IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM ENGINES, a communication to me from abroad by Robert Hall Cowdrey
of Chicago, United States, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 represents a horizontal section of a multi-cylinder engine constructed
according to the improvements.
Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same, and
Fig. 3 is an end view of a portion of the rear end of the casing.
known as
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The invention is especially designed for use upon that class of engines commonly
multi-cylinder" engines, in which the cylinders radiate from the
driving shaft, which enters at one side of the casing but does not pass entirely
through it.
In the accompanying drawing is represented an engine having three cylinders,
two of which are horizontal, single acting, and located directly opposite each other,
while the third is double acting and is placed vertically above the centre of the
main shaft. This construction is obviously not obligatory, but is preferable for
some purposes as it brings the main shaft much lower than when four cylinders are
used, arranged around the shaft.
The cylinders A A¹, are cast in one piece with the casing or main frame and in
the centre of the engine is formed a chamber A* in which the cranked end B¹ of
the driving shaft B is received, and moves.
The pistons of the single acting cylinders A are rigidly connected as seen in
Figs 1 and 2, and at the centre of the connecting bar a is arranged a yoke a¹,
transversely to the line of motion of the bar; and a similar yoke a³ is secured in
the same manner upon the inner end of the rod a³ connecting with the double acting
cylinder. In each of these yokes is arranged a sliding block b, through which
passes the crank or wrist pin B¹ on the end of the driving shaft.
It is sometimes necessary to remove the shaft B in making repairs, and also
to obtain access to the central chamber, for various purposes, and to effect this

page_text: conveniently I form the rear end wall of said chamber or a portion thereof
adjacent to the shaft bearing, removable, such removable portion preferably
consisting of two pieces C C₁, as shown in the drawings, divided preferably in the
plane of the axis of the shaft. These plates are preferably circular in form when
secured together, and cover a similarly shaped perforation in the side of the central
chamber, formed by an inwardly projecting flange c, to which the margins of the
plates are united by bolts. The joint between these plates is preferably arranged
horizontally, when the plates are in place, and said plates are preferably provided
at their meeting edges, with outwardly projecting flanges cl c², through which bolts
are inserted for holding them together. The bearing of the shaft is preferably
formed half in each of two projecting portions c3 c4 cast integral with the plates,
said portions being of considerable length so as to afford a long bearing for the
shaft and provided with flanges forming continuations of the flanges c¹ c², for the
insertion of bolts to hold the two parts of the bearing together. By the con-
struction described in the plates and shaft bearing it is evident that by removing
the upper plate, access may be had to the interior of the chamber without
disturbing the shaft, which may rest in the lower part of the bearing at such time
and the shaft may also be readily removed through the opening formed by the
removal of said plate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination with the crank shaft of a steam engine of a main frame cast
or formed with a series of cylinders radiating from a central crank chamber, and a
plate closing the side of said chamber, formed in two parts divided in the plane of
the axis of the shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination with the crank shaft of a steam engine, of the main frame
or casing formed with a central crank chamber, from which radiate a series of
steam cylinders, and a plate closing the rear side of said chamber, formed in two
parts, each of which is provided with an extended half bearing for the shaft, and
flanged for bolting together, substantially as. and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 13th day of February 1885.

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN; of 67 Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me
from abroad by Robert Hall Cowdrey, of Chicago, United States, Manufacturer,
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to steam engines and consists in certain peculiarities of
the construction and arrangement of the parts of the same, substantially as will
be hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.
In the drawings filed with the Provisional Specification:
Fig. 1 represents a horizontal section of a multi-cylinder engine constructed
according to the improvements.
Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same, and
Fig. 3 is an end view of a portion of the rear end of the casing.
The invention is especially designed for use upon that class of engines commonly
known as "multi-cylinder" engines, in which the cylinders radiate from the driving
shaft, which enters at one side of the casing but does not pass entirely through it.
In the drawing is represented an engine having three cylinders, two of which
are horizontal, single acting and located directly opposite each other, while the
third is double acting and is placed vertically above the centre of the main shaft.
This construction is obviously not obligatory, but is preferable for some purposes,
as it brings the main shaft much lower than when four cylinders are used arranged
around the shaft.
The cylinders A A¹, are cast in one piece with the casing or main frame and in
the centre of the engine is formed a chamber A in which the cranked end B¹ of
the driving shaft B is received and moves.
The pistons of the single acting cylinders A are rigidly connected as seen in
Figs 1 and 2, and at the centre of the connecting bar a is arranged a yoke a¹,
transversely to the line of motion of the bar; and a similar yoke a² is secured in
the same manner upon the inner end of the rod a³ connecting with the double
acting cylinder. In each of these yokes is arranged a sliding block b, through
which passes the crank or wrist pin B₁ on the end of the driving shaft. No details
are shown of the valve mechanism, and it is not here necessary to describe it as it
is fully described and claimed in another application for patent which I have
prepared.
It is sometimes necessary to remove the shaft B in making repairs and also to
obtain access to the central chamber for various purposes, and to effect this con-
veniently I form the rear end wall of said chamber or a portion thereof adjacent
to the shaft bearing, removable, such removable portion preferably cousisting of
two pieces C C¹, as shown in the drawings, divided preferably in the plane of the
axis of the shaft. These plates are preferably circular in form when secured
together, and cover a similarly shaped aperture in the side of the central chamber,
formed by an inwardly projecting flange c, to which the margins of the plates are
.

page_text: united by bolts. The joint between these plates is preferably arranged horizontally,
when the plates are in place, and said plates are preferably provided at their
meeting edges, with outwardly projecting flanges cc, through which bolts are
inserted for holding them together. The bearing of the shaft is preferably formed
half in each of two projecting portions c³ c cast integral with the plates, said
portions being of considerable length so as to afford a long bearing for the shaft
and provided with flanges forming continuations of the flanges c³, c², for the inser-
tion of bolts to hold the two parts of the bearing together. By the construction
described in the plates and shaft bearing it is evident that by removing the upper
plate, access may be had to the interior of the chamber without disturbing the
shaft, which may rest in the lower part of the bearing at such time and the shaft
may also be readily removed through the opening formed by the removal of said
plate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination with the crank shaft of a steam engine of a main frame cast
or formed with a series of cylinders, radiating from a central crank chamber, and
a plate closing the side of said chamber, formed in two parts, divided in the plane
of the axis of the shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination with the crank shaft of a steam engine, of the main frame
or casing formed with a central crank chamber, from which radiate a series of
steam cylinders, and a plate closing the rear side of said chamber, formed in two
parts, each of which is provided with an extended half bearing for the shaft, and
flanged for bolting together, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
This 0th day of December 1905
H. J. HADDAN.
By Herbert & Co.,
Agents, 67, Strand,