IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR COPPING OR WINDING YARN
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents, 66,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR COPPING OR WINDING YARN." A
communication from abroad by Messieurs Beltzer, Bernard, and Grancher, of
Paris, in the Republic of France.
Sealed the 7th August 1877, and dated the 24th February 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Edward Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1877.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR COPPING
OR WINDING YARN." A communication from abroad by Messieurs Beltzer, Bernard,
and Grancher, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
The object of this Invention is to wind yarns of various kinds into the form of
cops suitable for weaving or other purposes. This is effected by means of a mechani-
cal arrangement of a character resembling that employed in the self-acting mule or
spinning frame for an analogous purpose.
The yarn to be copped is taken in the state it comes from the spinning frame
(that is to say, wound upon bobbins), or it may be taken in the form of hanks or
skeins and placed in the copping frame. The ends of the yarns are drawn from the
hanks, or skeins, or bobbins, and passed under horizontal guide wires fixed in
vibrating lever arms or fallers mounted on rocking shafts, to which a rocking motion
is imparted by means of a rod jointed by its upper end to a lever or arm keyed on
the rocking shaft, while the other is kept down by means of a weight or weighted
lever on the edge of a cam keyed on a horizontal shaft mounted in moveable blocks
or bearings which are capable of motion up and down vertical guides. The lower
edges of these moveable blocks or bearings are bevilled off to a shape, and these
pointed edges rest upon inclined planes or the inclined surfaces or edges of a box
which is capable of being moved forward or backward intermittently by means of
a screw working in a nut fixed in the moveable box. At the outer end of this
screw is a ratchet wheel which is actuated by means of a pawl connected with a

page_text: bell-crank lever which is acted upon intermittently by a cam or tappet on the cam
shaft.
The object of the cams and inclines is to vary the action of the vibrating guide
wires which regulate the position of the yarn on the cops, which are formed on
spindles to which rotary motion is imparted by a driving drum and band as in self-
acting mules.
It will be obvious that instead of the inclined planes for raising the arm or rod
which works the rocking shaft of the copping rails or guide wires, this object may
be effected by means of a rotating cone along which a roller at the lower end of the
rod may be moved by means of a screw while the cone is rotating.
The same object may be effected by means of a snail cam or excentric acting in
combination with the faller cam.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th August 1877.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR COPPING OR
WINDING YARN." A communication from abroad by Messieurs Beltzer, Bernard,
and Grancher, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
The object of this Invention is to wind yarns of various kinds into the form of
cops suitable for weaving or other purposes. This is effected by means of a
mechanical arrangement of a character resembling that employed in the self-acting
mule or spinning frame for an analagous purpose.
The yarn to be copped is taken in the state it comes from the spinning. frame, that
is to say, wound upon the bobbin, or it may be taken in the form of hanks or skeins
and placed in the copping frame. The ends of the yarns are drawn from the hanks,
or skeins, or bobbins, and passed either under horizontal guide wires fixed in
vibrating lever arms, or the yarn may be passed through holes made near the ends
of the vibrating lever arms or fallers which are mounted on rocking shafts to which
a rocking motion is imparted by means of a rod jointed by its upper end to a lever
or arm keyed on the rocking shaft, while the other end is kept down by means of a
weight or weighted lever, whereby it is kept in contact with the edge of a cam
keyed on a horizontal shaft mounted in movable blocks or bearings, which are
capable of motion up or down vertical guides. The lower edges of these movable
blocks or bearings are bevilled off to a V shape, and these pointed edges rest upon
inclined planes or the inclined surfaces or edges of a box which is capable of being
moved forward or backward intermittently by means of a screw working in a nut
fixed in the movable box. At the outer end of this screw is a ratchet wheel which
is actuated by means of a pawle connected with a bell-crank lever which is acted
upon intermittently by a cam or tappet on the cam shaft.
The object of the cams and inclines is to vary the action of the vibrating guide
rods or levers which regulate the position of the yarn on the cops, which are formed
on spindles to which rotary motion is imparted by a driving drum. and bands as in
self-acting mules.
It will be obvious that instead of the inclined planes for raising the arm or rod
which works the rocking shaft of the copping rails, or guide rods, or levers, this
object may be effected by means of a rotating cone along which a roller at the lower
end of the rod may be moved by means of a screw while the cone is rotating. The
same object may be effected by means of a small cam or excentric acting in combi-
nation with the faller cam.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn three different arrangements of
mechanism for effecting the object of the Invention, the first arrangement shewn

page_text: in Sheet 1, the copping plate usually employed in self-acting mules is retained, and
is combined with a cam mounted on a shaft supported between two guides and
resting upon the inclined plane or movéable copping plate, the form of which is
modified to suit the special work which is to be effected. The form of the cam
determines the variable speed of oscillation of the guide rod or lever in its rise
and fall, and the inclined plane changes the position of this, axis of oscillation. It
is thus by the curved shape of the inclined plane that the guide rod or lever is
held for a certain time in such a position as will be required to form the base of
the cop.
In the modification shewn at Figures 3, 4, and 5, Sheet II., the moveable inclined
plane and the cam are dispensed with, and instead thereof there is a truncated cone
upon which rests a roller attached to the rod which actuates the guide lever., In
this case the curved form of the inclined plane is adapted to the periphery of the
base of the conė.
Lastly, in the other modification shewn at Figures 6, 7, and 8, the motion is pro-
duced by a cam or excentric combined with a cam for producing the oscillation of
the guide rod or lever, the excentric determining as before the displacement of the
axis of oscillation which is necessary for closing the cop. It will be seen in
reference to Figures 1 and 2, Sheet I., that the machine consists of a cam ä, the
descending curve 1, 2, 3, of which is longer than the ascending curve 3, 4, 1, so that
when the guide rod or lever rises the coils of yarn wound upon the cop are closer
than when it descends, thus crossing the coils in such a manner as to facilitate the
subsequent unrolling of the cop: The cam a is keyed upon an axle b mounted in
bearings c which are movable in slides adapted to upper part of the framing d of
the apparatus. The lower part of these bearings e terininate in a point which rests
and slides upon the inclined plane e which is made with a slightly curved part f (as
has been already mentioned) for the purpose of producing the base of the cop. The
inclined plane è is movable in the framing d, and is moved by means of the screw g
provided at its outer end with a winch handle, whereby the inclined plane may be
adjusted exactly to the proper place, and may be brought back to the point
departure when the cop is finished. The screw is actuated by à ratchet h to
which motion is imparted by a click i connected to one of the ends of the
lever j, the other end of which carries a picce K, terminated by a sinall roller
against which acts a cam keyed at any desired part upon the shaft b. Upon
the cam a a roller m constantly rests, and the axle of this roller carries guide
blocks n, n, which slide up and down in the vertical guides of the frame d. The
axle of the roller m is mounted in the lower end of the vertical rod e, upon which
acts a lever p, carrying at its outer end a counterweight q, which ensures the contact
of the roller m with the cam a. The upper end of the rod o is jointed to a lever
keyed upon the shaft t, upon which are fixed all the guide rods or levers 8, the outer
end of each of which is perforated with a hole through which passes the thread or
yarn from the bobbin u or from a hank v. The guide rods or levers 8 are curved, as
shewn in the Drawing, and conduct the thread or yarn to paper tubes or cops placed
upon the spindles x, which are actuated by means of the pullies y mounted on their
lower part and driven by an endless cord or band from the drum 2, which by means
of the speed pullies w also drives the shaft b that carries the cam u. By means of
these speed pullies w the speed of the apparatus may be increased or reduced
according to the fineness of the yarn that is being operated upon.
In the first modification of the copping machine (represented at Figures 3, 4, and 5,
Sheet II.), the cam and the inclined plane or copping plate are dispensed with, and
in place thereof there is a single piece consisting of a truncated cone A of irregular
shape, the transverse section of which have an excentric form especially calculated
to impart to the guide rods or levers & the necessary motions to form the cop of the
proper shape. The periphery of the truncated cone near the base is made with a
curve or concave part B, Figures 3 and 5, which is intended to form the lower part
of the cop. Moreover, this cone is mounted on a longitudinal shaft c actuated by a
speed pulley D, which is driven by a band from the drum which drives the spindles,
8

page_text: or it may be driven in any other convenient manner. The truncated cone A by its
rotation acts on the small roller E attached to or connected with the front part of
a frame F which is jointed at its hinder part to a fixed part G, so that the weight
of the roller E and frame F will rest upon and be supported by the cone A, and
will therefore be raised or lowered according to the diameter of the particular part
of the cone on which it rests. The roller E can turn freely and slide laterally
along a shaft mounted by its two ends in the frame F. Moreover, this roller is en-
closed between the arms of a forked piece H through a tapped hole, in the head of
which passes the horizontal screw I, also mounted by its two ends in the jointed
frame F. On this screw, and inside the frame F, is mounted a speed pulley J,
around which passes a cord or chain from a similar pulley keyed on to the shaft B
which carries the cone A. By means of this arrangement of parts the speed with
which the roller E is moved along the cone A may be varied according to the
number or thickness of the thread or yarn which is being operated upon. In
order to prevent the driving band, which actuates the screw I, from slipping, and
to keep it always in tension, the band is passed over a tension roller K mounted
at the end of a spring which may be moved on one side or slightly com-
pressed when it is desired to turn the screw I by hand by means of the hand
wheel (mounted at one of its ends). In order to bring back the roller E to its
point of departure when the cop is finished the front cross-piece or bar of the
frame F carries at a point about midway from the two ends a screw stud L
to which is jointed the lower end of the vertical rod M, the upper end of
which is jointed to the end of the lever N mounted on the horizontal shaft O,
and carrying at its opposite end the curved guide rod or lever P, at the outer
end of which is made a small hole for the passage of the yarn from a bobbin situate
at Q, or from a hank placed at R. This guide rod or lever P distributes the coils of
yarn over the paper or wooden tubes placed on these spindles S, to which a con-
tinuous rotary motion is imparted from the drum T, which is also made to actuate
the cone A, as has been already explained, but any other mode of actuating these
parts may be employed.
Figures 6, 7, and 8 represent another modification of the Invention. In this
instance the inclined plane or copping plate is dispensed with, and in place thereof
a cam or excentric U is employed, an independent cam V serving, as in the first
arrangement, to produce the vertical oscillating motion of the guide rod or lever P.
The cam or excentric U is actuated by means of a ratchet wheel X, which is driven
round by a click or pawle Y attached to a lever connected by a rod Z to a toothed
wheel W, which is driven by a pinion keyed on to the axle of the drum T. Upon the
cam or excentric U, rests roller x, mounted in a slide L, which moves up and down in
guides y, y, in the fixed framing, and carries the axle of a lever t connected by one
end to the vertical rod M, which by means of the lever N actuates the guide rods or
lever P. The other extremity of this lever t is provided with an antifriction roller
which bears against the edge of the cam V, the form of which may be varied, as may
be considered desirable. This cam, as in the first arrangement, is driven by a band
and speed pulley D keyed on the shaft C, which is itself driven from the drum T,
which actuates the spindles S that receive the yarn. The proportion of the toothed
wheel W to its pinion is so calculated that the ratchet wheel X will only make
three-quarters of a revolution while the yarn is being wound upon the cop, so that
the point 2 (Fig. 7) of the cam or excentric U should arrive under the roller when
the lever thas decended to the lowest position shewn by dots in the Drawing.
It will be understood that at this moment the vibrations of the guide rod or
lever P will distribute the yarn over the upper part of the paper tube in order to
finish the cop. The development of the cam or excentric U, shewn at Fig. 8,
indicates that its form is so calculated that the depression B will form the base of
the cop.
Having now described the Invention which has been communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, and having explained the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid,

page_text: the construction and arrangement of parts herein set forth, and constituting im-
proved machinery for copping or winding yarns made of cotton, woollen, silk, or
other textile materials, I claim,-
The application for the manufacture of cops of the vibrating or oscillating guide
bars or levers in combination with a cam for producing the reciprocating motion
of the guide rod or lever.
I also claim the mechanical means herein set forth for producing the motions
required for the purposes above mentioned.
I claim also the use of a truncated cone which answers at the same time the
purpose of the cam and the inclined plane, as herein set forth.
I further claim the use of an excentric in combination with a cam, as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Edward Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the 23rd day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
HE NEWTON (1.0)
Η
HE NEWTON (IS)