Improvements in Apparatus employed in the Manufacture of White Lead.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 28th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1893.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus employed in the Manufacture of
White Lead.
I, JACOB VICKERS WALTON of Bollihope Lead Works, near Darlington, in
the County of Durham, Lead Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of white lead by the Dutch method and
has for its object to provide means whereby the operations of grinding and packing
the white lead may be so conducted that the injurious effects on the health of the
operatives incidental to these operations as now carried on may be avoided.
The lead is transferred froin the pots in which it has been converted into
carbonate, by means of suitable tools whereby direct handling of the white lead is
avoided, to boxes held in position on what I term tipping trays placed on trucks
which are run into the grinding shed where the boxes are unloaded by tipping their
contents into a receiving hopper from which the grinding rolls are fed. Each
tipping tray is of a size to accommodate, say, twelve or any other suitable number
of boxes which are clamped upon the tray by cross-bars or other means which will
retain the boxes in position when the tray is tipped or inverted.
The shed is built as nearly air-tight as possible, is lighted from the sides and top,
and has connected to its upper part an exhaust outlet leading to a fan by which
any dust that may arise in the operation of tipping is drawn off and discharged
into a suitable receiver, so that the atmosphere breathed by the workers is
untainted. The shed has a doorway through which the truck carrying the tray
to be tipped is run and the tipping is effected by causing the tray carrying the
boxes to pivot upon a suitably-supported horizontal axis at its front end and raising
it off the truck by means of chain or other tackle attached to its rear end or other-
wise applied to tilt it until it is inverted over the inclined mouth of the receiving
hopper arranged in suitable position to receive the contents of the boxes therefrom,
provision being made for tilting the tray by means of appliances operated from
outside of the shed, if necessary.
Water is sprayed upon the white lead as it is delivered to the hopper, to prevent
as far as possible the escape of dust and assist in conveying the white lead to the
grinding rolls by which the grinding operation is performed in the ordinary
manner.
The arrangements for transferring the ground and dried white lead to the casks
in which it is to be packed are somewhat similar, that is to say the white lead as it
comes from the drying stove is contained in basins secured upon trays, which are
placed upon trucks and run into the packing shed. This, like the one before
described, is closed on the four sides, lighted from the top and sides, and provided
with an exhaust by which any escaping particles of dust are drawn off into a
receiver. A tipping arrangement similar to that before described is provided
within the shed by which the trays, having the basins secured thereon as before
described, may be tipped so as to discharge the contents of the basins into a hopper,
the tray tipping on a horizontal axis at one end and being raised by tackle
connected to its other end, provision being made for connecting the tray with its
pivotal axis and for operating the tackle from without the shed. A convenient way
of pivoting the tray is to pass a bar mounted in bearings and passing through the
wall of the shed through knuckles provided on the underside of the tray.
The hopper into which the contents of the basins are discharged is provided
with a regulating slide operated from the outside, by which the flow of the white

page_text: lead through the hopper into the cask placed to receive it is controlled. The empty
nl loaded casks are passed in and out of the shed on trucks running on a tramway
passing through doorways in the opposite walls of the shed and the cask while
being filled is lifted off its truck by counterweighted suspension gear to which a
tremulous motion is continuously imparted by a revolving cam shaft, whereby the
white lead as it passes into the cask is consolidated without recourse to the hand
labor generally employed to press the lead tightly into the cask. The suspension
gear may consist of counterweighted lever arms carried by a sling attached to au
overhead lever upon which the cam acts, the arms being adapted to take under the
bottom of the cask and being so guided that they may be readily engaged or
disengaged as required.
The cask when filled is deposited on its truck, drawn out of the shed, and passed
to the cooper to be headed up.
Dated this 5th day of September 1893.
By A. M. & Win. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus employed in the Manufacture of
White Lead.
I, JACOB VICKERS WALTON of Bollihope Lead Works, near Darlington, in the
County of Durham, Lead Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the manufacture of white lead by the Dutch method,
and has for its object to provide means whereby the operations of grinding and
packing the white lead may be so conducted that the injurious effects on the
health of the operatives incidental to these operations as now carried on may be
avoided.
The carbonate of lead is transferred from the conversion pots to pans secured
upon tipping trays conveyed by trucks into the grinding shed where the pans are
unloaded by tipping their contents into a hopper provided with a water spray and
which supplies the grinding rolls, means being provided for operating the tipping
trays from outside the shed, and for carrying off the dust from the atmosphere of
the shed.
The arrangements for transferring the ground and dried white lead to the
casks in which it is to be packed, comprise tipping trays having basins secured
upon them which contain the white lead as it comes from the drying stove, means
for tipping the same operated from outside the packing shed, means for carrying
off the dust-laden atmosphere from the packing shed, and means whereby a
tremulous motion is mechanically imparted to the cask whilst being filled in order
to consolidate the white lead therein without hand labor.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, wherein
Figures 1 and 2 are a part sectional side view and plan of a pan-holding and
tipping frame and
Figures 3 and 4 are like views of a similar frame the pans being of different
shape.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation and Figure 6 a sectional plan of the tipping
arrangements for transferring the white lead to the grinding mill.
Figure 7 is a sectional elevation and Figure 8 a sectional plan of the packing
mechanism.
Figure 9 is a horizontal section of the cask shaking sling.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

page_text: The white lead is removed by any suitable hand tool from the pots in which
blue lead is converted into carbonate and transferred to wooden pans n, Figures 1
and 2 or 3 and 4, seated in holes in a tipping tray N and secured therein by cross-
bars n¹.
The trays N are placed upon wagons O and successively run into the tipping
shed, shewn in Figures 5 and 6, where the contents of the pans n are tipped into a
hopper P, contained within the shed, by which the carbonate of lead is delivered
to an ordinary grinding mill consisting of two pairs of rollers R R' situated outside
the shed. The tipping shed is wholly enclosed and a fan Q exhausts air from
the shed and discharges it into a depositing chamber where any white lead dust
carried off by the fan is caught. A ventilator g near the floor admits fresh air so
that the atmosphere is constantly renewed and may be breathed by the workers
catering the shed. The door of the shed at which the wagon O is run in, is closed
during the operation of tipping which is effected by a chain s attached to the front
end of the tray N and running over pulleys s' s² to a winch S situated outside the
shed. For the purpose of tipping the tray it is temporarily pivoted upon a
horizontal rod n passed through holes in the walls of the shell, through knuckles n²
on the lip of the hopper P and through knuckles on the underside of the tray,
the coincidence of the knuckles n² n³ being ensured by the wagon O coming against
a stop o.
Another chain 3 also attached to the front end of the tray passes over
pulleys and is pulled by hand for raising the tray N off the mouth P of the
hopper against which it rests when tipped. Within the hopper is a perforated
pipe p' from which water is rained down upon the white lead as it is delivered to
the hopper. The exit p³ of the hopper has a slide p² to regulate the delivery of the
white lead to the grinding rolls.
The ground white lead is filled into earthenware or copper pans secured in trays
and transported to the drying stove. The trays are then transported to the packing
shed, shewn in Figures 7 and 8, and in order that they may be tipped to discharge
the dried white lead into the packing hopper the pans are secured in their seats
in the trays by cross-rods T (Figure 8) bolted to the ends of the tray T, this
being done before the trays are placed in the drying stove.
Figures 78 and 9 shew the means whereby the white lead is packed into casks.
The packing she is closed on all sides and provided with an exhaust fan Q for
drawing off its dust-laden atmosphere. The tray T is placed on a wagon O, run
into position inside the packing shed, and the contents of the pans t are discharged
into a hopper W. For this purpose the tray T is temporarily pivoted on a rod t²
passed through holes in the walls of the shed, through knuckles 3 on the lip of the
hopper W, and through knuckles t on the underside of the tray T, the tipping
being performed by a chain s attached to the front end of the tray and passing
over pulleys s¹ s² to a winch S outside the shed. The tray T when tipped, rests
upon the mouth of the hopper W and another chain 3 is attached to the tray T and
passes outside the shed over pulleys ss to a point within reach of the workman
for raising the tray off the hopper when the pans have discharged their contents.
The hopper is provided with a slide wo adjustable from the outside of the shed, by
which the delivery of the white lead to the cask is controlled. The empty
cask X is brought into the shed on a trolley running on rails passing through the
shed, and mechanism is provided by which the cask receives a shaking motion
whilst it is being filled, so as to consolidate the contents as received from the
hopper W. For this purpose the cask is slung by four hooked arms y engaged
beath it by means of lever arms Z fixed upon cross-shafts passing through the
walls of the shed and operated from the outside thereof by hand levers 2. The
arns y are pivoted to a frame y' hung upon a lever y³ pivoted at y³ in a suitable
frame, and upon the tail end of lever y² the tappets of a wheel Y act so as to raise
the cask and let it fall suddenly at the rate of about twenty or thirty times per
minute, the wheel Y being keyed upon a revolving shaft passing through the walls
of the shed and driven from the outside thereof by any suitable motor. The
tappets act on a tongue y pivoted so that it may be moved out of the path of the
:

page_text: tappets by a pull rod y passing through the walk of the shed, in order to arrest
the shaking action whilst engaging or disengaging the hooks y.
Each cask as it is loaded is run out of the shed at the opposite side to that at
which it entered, and passed to the cooper to be headed up.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A tipping device consisting of a pan-holding tray on which the pans are
secured by cross-bars, means for bringing the tray into position and pivoting it on
a horizontal axis, means for tipping the tray over the mouth of a hopper contained
within an enclosing shed, the pivoting and tipping appliances being operated from
outside the shed, substantially as specified.
2. A tipping shed enclosing the mouth of the receiving hopper and the pan-
holding tray whilst being tipped, provided with mechanism for tipping the tray,
operated from the outside, and with an exhaust fan drawing off the dust-laden
atmosphere from the shed, substantially as specified.
3. The herein described combination of appliances for packing the white lead into
casks, comprising a tipping device consisting of a pan-holding tray on which the
white lead pans are secured by cross-bars, means for temporarily pivoting the tray
on a horizontal axis, means for tipping the tray, a receiving hopper, and mechanism
for supporting and shaking the cask whilst in position beneath the hopper spout,
the whole enclosed in a shed provided with an exhaust fan for drawing off the dust-
laden atmosphere, and the tipping and cask-shaking mechanism being operated
from outside the shed, substantially as specified.
4. The herein described cask-supporting and shaking mechanism consisting of a
sling adapted to be engaged with the cask suspended from a rock-lever operated by
a tappet wheel, substantially as specified.
Dated this 28th day of November 1893.
J. V. WALTON,
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.