Improved Apparatus for Purifying Air and Gases, also for the Heating and Cooling of the same.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improved Apparatus for Purifying Air and Gases, also for the
Heating and Cooling of the same.
I, JOHN HOWELL CARPENTER, of Longcourt, Randwick, near Stroud, Gloucester-
shire, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the apparatus for purifying air and
gases, also for the heating and cooling of same, in which the air or gas to be
purified is brought into contact with water (or any other liquid) in the condition
of fog, or mist, whereby the dust, living organisms, germs, or the heavily laden
gases from a chemical process which being held in suspension are given weight
by virtue of becoming wet with the mist or fog produced in the apparatus here-
after described, and are washed away by the water flowing to the bottom and
thence through the discharge pipe so that the apparatus is self cleansing.
The apparatus consists of a vertical circular drum of wood or any metallic
substance with an annular space inside same in which revolve two or more blades
fixed on a common centre or pivot, diametrically opposite and perfectly balanced.
These blades carry pipes leading to the top of same, in which the water is led by
a central down pipe from a suitable supply. The ends of these blade pipes are
preferably made in the form of a jet on the Barker's mill system, so that when
the blades revolve the action of the jets tends to help the revolving motion of the
blades which are revolved at a high circumferential velocity so that the water
is thrown out hard against the inside of the annular space by centrifugal force
and produces the necessary spray, mist or fog.
The air enters either at the top or at the bottom of the centre of the drum and
rises up the annular space in revolving circular layers and then expelled through
the exhaust, the flow of air being produced by means of the top of the annular
space being in the form of a spiral and the revolving action of the blades. The
motion of the blades can be produced by a small water motor or turbine fixed on
the down pipe if water of a pressure of 10 lbs. per square inch and upwards can
be procured.
Again the motion of the blades can be produced by a separate fan to propel the
air inside the drum or by any other mechanical means.
Should it be required to cool the air or gas as well as purify it, the water pipe
is passed through a coil of pipes immersed in ice or refrigerating machine-the
cooled water lowers the temperature of the air by approximately 75 per cent.
Likewise when it is required to heat the air or gas the coil of pipe is placed in
a stove or other heating apparatus.
Further should the air be required to be purified from certain gases such as
carbonic acid etc. it can be readily passed through certain chemicals placed in a
closed vessel before finally exhausted.
The apparatus afore described serves the purpose of ventilator, humidifier
purifier, as well as a cooler or heater for rooms, workshops, public buildings etc.

page_text: with the least expenditure of power and water, also of material, and at the same
time self-cleaning in its action.
Dated this 24th day of November 1897
Improved Apparatus for Purifying Air and Gases, also for the
Heating and Cooling of the same.
We, Executors of the late JoHN HOWELL CARPENTER, of Longcourt, Randwick,
near Stroud, Gloucestershire, Gentleman, namely, Mary Louisa Carpenter, of
Longcourt, Randwick, and Henry Albert Blanch, of Hillfield, Stroud, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
This invention relates to improvements in the apparatus for purifying air and
gases, also for the heating and cooling of same, in which the air or gas to be
purified is brought into contact with water (or any other liquid) in the condition
of fog or mist, whereby the dust, living organisms, germs, or the heavily laden
gases from a chemical process which, being held in suspension, are given weight
by virtue of becoming wet with the mist or fog produced in the apparatus herein-
after described, and are washed away by the water flowing to the bottom, and
thence through the discharge pipe, so that the apparatus is self cleaning.
In order that our said invention may be properly understood we have annexed
hereunto 2 sheets of explanatory drawings Figs. 1, and 2, Sheet 1 being the
sectional elevation & plan of the apparatus which consists of a vertical circular
drum A, of wood or any metallic substance with an annular space inside same,
in which revolve two or more blades C. C, fixed on a common contre or pivot D,
diametrically opposite and perfectly balanced.
The blades C, C. carry pipes E, E, leading to the top of same, in which the
water is fed by a central down pipe F from a suitable supply. The ends of these
blade pipes E, E', are preferably made in the form of a jet ou the Barker's mill
system, so that when the blades revolve the action of the jets tends to help the
revolving motion of the blades which are revolved at a high circumferential
velocity so that the water is thrown out hard against the inside of the annular
space by centrifugal force and produces the necessary spray, mist, or fog.
The air enters either at the top or at the bottom of the drum A, and rises up
the annular space B in revolving circular layers, and is then expelled through
the exhaust G, the flow of air being produced by means of the top H of the
annular space B being in the form of a spiral and to the revolving action of the
blades C, C.
The motion of the blades can be produced by a small water motor, pelton
wheel, or turbine I, fixed on the down pipe F, if water of a pressure of 10 lbs. per
square inch and upwards can he procured.
In which case the high pressure water after driving the motor is discharged into
the chamber J, & is used as the washing water for the apparatus by passing down
pipe F through the small holes K.
The water after being discharged through the blade pipes E, E¹, falls in a fine
film down both walls of the annular space B to the bottom, & in doing so washes
automatically the apparatus clean from all substances in the air or gas to be
purified, the solid matter being washed away down the waste pipe L in the form of

page_text: liquid mud so that the apparatus is besides an air purifier, self cleaning in
its action.
The motion of blades C, C¹, can be produced by any mechanical means, as a
pulley P, and cord, or wheel gearing as shown on Fig. 1 Sheet 2, in which case
the water for washing is supplied by a suitable means to chamber J.
Again the motion of the blades can he produced by a separate fan R to propel
the air inside the drum A, as shown on Fig. 3 and 4 Sheet 2. The purifying
of the air is equally well performed whether the air enters or is expelled from the
exhaust G.
Should it be required to cool the air or gas as well as purify it, the feed pipe M
is made in the form of a coil N & immersed in an ice vessel 0, or any suitable
refrigerating machine, as shown in Fig. 2 Sheet 2.
The cooled water lowers the temperature of the air by approximately 75 per
cent. of the difference of the temperature of the unpurified air, & that of the
cooled water.
Likewise when it is required to heat the air or gas the coil of pipe is placed in
a stove, or other suitable heating apparatus.
Further should the air he required to be purified from certain gases such as
carbonic acid gas and the like, it can be readily passed through certain chemicals
placed in a closed vessel before finally exhausted.
The apparatus afore described serves the purpose of ventilator, humidifier,
purifier, as well as a cooler or heater for rooms, workshops, & public buildings
and the like, with the least expenditure of power, water, and material, is character-
ised by the utmost simplicity, and at the same time is self cleaning in its action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what we
claim is:
(1) An improved apparatus for purifying the air (or any other gas) in rooms,
workshops, public buildings, or chambers used for chemical processes, whereby
the said apparatus can he further used as a ventilator & humidifier, likewise as a
cooler or heater of the air (or any other gas) with the least expenditure of power,
water, and material, and with simplicity of action as well as being self cleaning
as substantially shown on the accompanying drawings.
(2) The method of economizing the water used in the apparatus, described in
Claim (1), by using the high pressure water for the necessary motive power, &
further using the same water after leaving the motor for washing purposes in the
purifier as substantially shown in the accompanying drawings.
(3) The methods of driving the apparatus by wheels, pulleys, or fan mechani-
cally propelled as substantially shown on the accompanying drawings.
Tad this o2ed dor of Suntember 18OS
M. L. CARPENTER,
HENRY A. BLANCH,
Executors of the late John Howell Carpenter, Esq.