Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1887
Complete Left, 21st Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 25th May, 1888
I WILLIAM GREEN of Ramsgate Alderman do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in producing and treating waterproof
fabrics.
In carrying out this invention I take a plain figured or printed fabric and coat it on
the face side with a flexible dressing then with oil or with a transparent flexible varnish
and emboss. To the reverse side of the fabric I apply a coating of india rubber or
compound thereof and vulcanize. The india rubber face is then coated with Glaire
and printed or blocked with bookbinders blocking varnish or similar matter. Or the
india rubber face is printed with bronze powder gold or metal from heated or cold
blocks or rollers. Then the fabric is embossed to imitate silk, leather, woven horse
hair or other comparatively expensive material by means of plates or rollers produced
by the electrotype process or otherwise.
It will be seen that novel effects may be obtained without employing all the above
processes in every case. For example the embossing of the oiled fabric may in some
cases be dispensed with, in other cases the printing, in other cases the coating of
rubber. When so desired fabrics treated as above mentioned may be further improved
by applying to the india rubber while in an adhesive state a film or batt of silk, wool
or other material.

page_text: I, WILLIAM GREEN, of Ramsgate, Alderman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvements in producing and treating waterproof
fabrics whereby a warm and silk like or woollen like effect of a water repellant
nature is given thereto thus rendering such fabrics better suited for articles of
clothing, carriage linings, furniture coverings, book covers, curtains and many other
purposes.
"
In carrying out this invention 1 take a plain, figured or printed fabric and coat it
with a flexible dressing of a like or similar nature to that employed in producing the
goods known as sateen and when so desired "sateen" is used in lieu of other fabrics
for the purposes of this invention. A composition for this purpose is made by
dissolving a given quantity of gelatine in water so as to produce a size. To this is
added a solution of aluminium sulphate and well stirred. Baryta dissolved in water
is then added and the whole stirred till cold. The proportions will vary according to
the uses to which the composition is to be applied but the following answer well:-
concentrated size eight pounds dissolved by a little heat in sixteen gallons of water to
which add five pounds aluminium sulphate and six pounds barium chloride and stir till
nearly cold. Or instead of the above the following may be used. Concentrated size
eight pounds dissolved by a little heat in sixteen gallons of water to which add seven
pounds of sulphate of zine and ten pounds of ammonium sulphate. The fabrics are
then coated with a drying oil as free as possible from smell then dried or "stoved "
in the ordinary manner or with a transparent flexible varnish whereby they are
rendered still more water repellent whilst retaining the warmth and texture of the
fabric.
The varnish for this purpose should be free from smell and capable of being applied
in a very thin coat. It should also in certain cases-as when the fabric is to be used
for book covers-be capable of receiving impressions either plain or in gold, silver or
metal without sticking to a heated block or roller. The varnish I prefer is thus
prepared: Melt together 22 lbs. colophony, 43 lbs. crystallized soda and 11 lbs. water;
to this add 55 lbs. water and 54 lbs. ammoniacal fluid and thoroughly mix. Another
varnish suitable for the purpose consists of a solution of borax and shellac. This
is made by boiling the shellac with water then adding borax till it has the appearance
of damp crystallized sugar. Let this stand about twelve hours then shake. The
proportions may be borax six pounds, shellac six pounds, water forty pounds.
When the fabric is to be used for book covers the ordinary paste dressing may in
some cases be used and the oil or varnish applied after the material has been calendered.
As a rule, however, I prefer the cotton fabric known as sateen. When using such for
book covers the face side is coated with the oil or varnish and the reverse side with
paste or with a waterproofing matter such as india rubber or those used for forming

page_text: the ground or body of leather cloth then embossed. When to be used for articles of
clothing, linings, curtains, furniture and other coverings or certain other purposes, the
sateen, or similarly dressed fabric may in some cases be simply coated on the face side
with the oil or varnish, or it may be saturated therewith then rolled or pressed with
plain or figured plates or rollers either cold or heated, by which means the superfluous
varnish taken up will be pressed out and at the same time a pattern imparted to the
fabric. For most purposes however I prefer to coat such fabrics on the reverse side
with india rubber or other waterproofing composition such for example as are used as
a ground or body in leather cloth and then emboss. The silk-like effects are further
produced on the face of the sateen or similarly treated fabrics by embossing them
with electrotype plates or rollers taken from silk or other expensive fabrics, with or
without a coloring matter such as bookbinder's blocking varnish, or by blocking
or printing a series of curved or straight lines or a silk like pattern thereon.
In order to give warmth and a woollen like or silk like effect to the side of the
fabric coated with india-rubber or other waterproofing composition, the india rubber
face is coated with glaire and printed or blocked with bookbinders blocking varnish or
similar matter. Or the india rubber or similar face is printed or blocked with bronze
powder, gold, silver, or metal from heated or cold blocks or rollers. Then the fabric
may be embossed to imitate silk, leather, woven horse hair or other comparatively
expensive material by means of plates or rollers produced by the electrotype process or
otherwise. The before mentioned effects may also be produced and the fabrics
further improved by applying to the india rubber or other waterproofing or coating
composition while in an adhesive state, a film or batt of silk, wool or other material.
When necessary the india rubber or other coating of waterproofing matter is
vulcanized.
It will be seen that the desired novel effects may be obtained without employing
all the above processes in every case. For example the embossing of the fabric
treated with a flexible dressing then with oil or varnish may in some cases be
dispensed with, in other cases the printing, in other cases the coating of rubber or
equivalent composition.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1-Coating fabrics with a flexible dressing and then with oil or a transparent flexible
varnish substantially as described.
2-Coating fabrics with a flexible dressing then with oil or a transparent flexible
varnish and afterwards printing or embossing the same substantially as described.
3-A fabric one side of which is treated as described in the 1st or 2nd claim and
whose other side is coated with india rubber or other waterproof composition
substantially as described.
4 A fabric one side of which is treated as described in the 1st or 2nd claim and
whose other side is coated with india rubber or other waterproof composition which is
printed with or without embossing substantially as described.
5-A fabric treated with a flexible water-repellent dressing then coated with india
rubber or other waterproof composition substantially as described.
6-A fabric such as is referred to in the 3rd 4th or 5th claim and in which silk wool
or the like is applied to the side coated with india rubber or other waterproof
composition substantially as described.
7 My improvements in producing and treating waterproof fabrics substantially as
described.