Improvements in Horse-shoes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 30th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horse-shoes.
1 GEORGE POYSER of Ashbourne in the County of Derby Fellow of the Royal
College of Veterinary Surgeons do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce a shoe for horses and like animals
giving a decreased number of nails and corresponding nails in the hoof whilst affording
a more secure hold to the foot and a better grip of the ground or surface travelled
over diminishing to a minimum degree the concussion imparted to the leg and foot
by contact with hard surfaces, superseding the present objectionable many nailed
shoe with its transverse toe piece heel caulkings and pointed studs.
I bore or form diagonal or perpendicular holes through the shoe iron making and
leaving low hollow, or solid studs on the upper or foot surface passing in the oblique
or diagonal holes from or near the inner lower edge; and in the perpendicular from
the lower outer edge to or near the upper outer edge of shoe, and hammer the outer
edge of shoe adjacent to these studs upwards so as to form small clips which with
the said hollow or solid projecting studs gives additional bite by grip and suction of
the shoe upon the hoof or foot.
I propose to use three of these hollow or solid studs with their accompanying
clips, one in front and one on each side of the shoe with the usual nail between each
and one nail behind each stud making four nails (or other number, in place of the
usual seven eight nine or other number.
The hole bored or formed with or through the studs may be of any convenient
section or shape.
In order to increase the security of the ground foot hold, to prevent concussion,
and diminish wear and tear, whilst also tending to prevent slipping on ice snow or
pavings I insert in the holes lengths of steel or other wire rod or bar or a similar
section to the shape of the holes turned under the shoe outwardly or inwardly at
angles of 45° or 90° or thereabouts.
may use say five of these one in each stud hole and one on each side of the
heel, these latter not being inserted diagonally but horizontally so as not to interfere
with the seat of the crust of the foot at the heels, they are turned under and out-
wardly as the others.
The shoe may be worn without the steel wires rods or bars if desired.
If they are used the front steel bit on the shoe should be placed parallel to and
the side and heel bits obliquely with the line of progressive action of the foot, so as
not to impede progression but still prevent slipping.
Dated this 8th day of March 1889.
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Horse-shoes.
I GEORGE POYSER of Ashbourne and of the Peveril of the Peak Hotel Dovedale
both in the County of Derby Fellow of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
and late Staff Veterinary Surgeon in the Turkish Army in the Crimea do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a shoe for use on horses and like animals
having a smaller number of nails and nail holes (and corresponding holes in the hoofs)
than those in general use whilst at the same time affording a more secure hold on

page_text: the hoof and a better grip on the surface of the ground or pavement travelled over
and reducing the effects of concussion imparted to the leg and foot by contact with
such surfaces and my shoe is intended to supercede the many nailed shoe now in use
with its toe piece heel-caulking and pointed studs and further to obviate the
necessity of removing the shoe from the foot for the purpose of sharpening and
unsharpening.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings and to the figures and letters of
reference thereon.
Fig. 1 is a plan of the upper or foot surface of shoe.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the underside or ground surface of shoe.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of shoe shewing horse's foot attached.
Fig. 4 is a section of shoe on line a. . . a (Fig. 1.)
Fig. 5 is a section of shoe on line b... (Fig. 1.)
In carrying out my invention I first form or bend the shoe A to shape in the
usual manner and then at certain points therein preferably three as at B, B, B,
Figs. 1 and 3 and as shown by section Fig. 5 I make or leave low hollow or solid
studs on the upper surface and hammer the outer edge of the studs upwards so as to
form small clips B B₁ which with the aforesaid studs afford by grip and suction a
partial attachment to the foot and enable me to dispense with several of the usual
nails and corresponding nail holes leaving but few such as are shewn at C, C, C, C,
Figs. 1 and 2. The hole or hollow formed or bored in or through the shoe iron may
be of any convenient size and shape.
I also bore or form holes in any desirable direction through the shoe iron from
the outer to the inner edge as at D, D, D, D, the shoe at the end of each hole being
recessed as at E to receive the ends of steel or other bits F, F, F, F, which pass
through the holes at D, D, D, D, and are turned over the edge of the shoe and back
across the lower or ground surface of the same as shewn in section, Figure 4.
It will be understood that these "bits" which may be of steel or other suitable
metal may be readily attached or detached without removing the shoe from the foot
of the horse or other animal wearing it. If desired the holes for these steel bits or
some of them may be in combination with the hollow studs B B B and the ends
inserted therein but this plan tends to weaken the shoe iron and I prefer to place
them otherwise.
The shoes may be used with or without the steel or other "bits" and these may
at any time be readily fixed in the holes when it is desired to use them instead of
sharpening in frosty weather or for increasing the draught power or preventing
slipping on smooth surfaces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In shoes for horses and like animals the use of hollow or other studs as and for
the purpose herein described.
2. In shoes for horses and like animals the use of steel or other "bits" such as F,
with holes such as D, and recesses such as E, substantially as and for the purposes
herein described.
3. In shoes for horses and like animals the combination of hollow studs such as
at B with steel or other "bits" such as F secured in holes, and recesses as at D-E,
substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying sheet of
drawings.
4. The construction of shoes for horses and like animals with low hollow or solid
studs, steel or other bits, connected or unconnected, in suitable positions, sub-
stantially as herein described and as illustrated by the accompanying sheet of
drawings.
Dated this 30th day of November 1889