Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Bicycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Dec., 1897-Accepted, 12th Feb.,
1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Bicycles and other Vehicles.
We, GEORGE WILSON, of Bramley Lodge, No. 11, Bramley Hill, Croydon, in the
County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, and JAMES CHARLES MARGETSON, of Melksham,
in the County of Wilts, India Rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this.invention to be as follows:-
-
A tyre according to this invention comprises an air tube, an outermost cover
and interposed between these in a position corresponding to that of the tread, a
layer of non-vulcanized india rubber within which is embedded a strip of woven,
knitted or plaited metal wire, and at the inner and outer surfaces of the non-vulcan-
ized india rubber, a layer or layers of canvas or analogous flexible material between
which the non-vulcanized india rubber is sandwiched and to which it is attached
by suitable adhesive substance, the layers of canvas or analogous material being
also attached the one to the outer surface of the air tube, the other to the inner
surface of the outermost covering by suitable cement or solution.
A tyre according to this invention with interposed layers such as described can
be attached to the rim of a wheel by cement.
According to one method of carrying the invention into effect, a suitable length
of air tube to suit the diameter of wheel for which the tyre is intended is formed
into a ring by joining the ends of the tube together; the ring so formed is coated
with adhesive substance such as india rubber solution, there is wrapped spirally
around the so coated surface a strip of canvas or analogous material previously
impregnated with india rubber solution or dough, then if necessary a further
quantity of india rubber solution is applied, then around the hollow ring at the
outer circumference, there is applied a layer of non-vulcanized india rubber
(practically free from sulphur) in which there has been previously embedded a strip
of woven, knitted or plaited wire such as hereinabove referred to, such strip of wire
being, as we prefer, cut from a woven sheet diagonally, or on the bias as it is termed,
then there is superposed a covering of canvas or analogous material previously
impregnated with india rubber solution or dough. This covering of canvas may
either be in the form of an endless band of a suitable width to completely cover
the layer of non-vulcanized india rubber in which the wire strip is embedded, as
well as to partly overlap the tube at the respective sides thereof; or in some cases
the canvas or analogous material may be wound around the hollow ring spirally
in a manner similar to that already described with respect to the inner layer of
canvas or analogous material.
After the application of the outer covering of canvas or analogous material just
referred to, the entire surface of the hollow compound ring formed as described,
is coated with india rubber solution and there is applied to it an outer covering of
india rubber of which that portion which corresponds to the tread of the tyre so
constituted may be formed with ribs or otherwise according to requirement for
preventing what is known as slipping.
Although we have described the winding of the tube spirally with the strips of
canvas or analogous material, it will be evident that the canvas may be otherwise

page_text: suitably applied so long as the arrangement be such that the non-vulcanized india
rubber in which the strip or band of woven, knitted or plaited metal wire is
embedded be sandwiched between the inner and outer layers of canvas or
analogous material located between the tube and the outermost covering of the tyre.
Furthermore although in describing the nature of our invention we have spoken
of a single strip or layer of woven, knitted or plaited metal wire, it will be evident
that in some cases, especially where great strength is required, more than one such
strip or layer might be employed, there being in such case a layer of non-vulcan-
ized india rubber between the two, or each two strips or bands of woven, knitted
or plaited metal wire.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Bicycles and other Vehicles.
We, GEORGE WILSON, of Bramley Lodge, No. 11, Bramley Hill, Croydon, in the
County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, and JAMES CHARLES MARGETSON, of Melksham,
in the County of Wilts, India Rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
A tyre according to this invention comprises an inner air tube, an outermost cover
and interposed between these in a position corresponding to that of the tread, a
layer of non-vulcanized india rubber within which is embedded a strip of woven,
knitted or plaited metal wire, and at the inner and outer surfaces of the non-vulcan-
ized india rubber, a layer or layers of canvas or analogous flexible material between
which the non-vulcanized india rubber is sandwiched and to which it is attached
by suitable adhesive substance, the layers of canvas or analogous material being
also attached the one to the outer surface of the air tube, the other to the inner
surface of the outermost covering by suitable cement or solution.
A tyre according to this invention with interposed layers such as described can
be attached to the rim of a wheel by cement.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings show in part side elevation and
cross section respectively one construction of pneumatic tyre comprising an inner
air tube 1, an outermost cover 2, an interposed layer 3 of non-vulcanized india
rubber having embedded in it a wire strip 4 and layers 5 and
which the non-vulcanized india rubber layer 3 is sandwiched.
of canvas, between
According to one method of carrying the invention into effect, a suitable length of
india-rubber tube to form an air-tube 1 to suit the diameter of wheel for which the
tyre is intended, is formed into a ring by joining the ends of the tube together.
The ring so formed is coated with adhesive substance such as india-rubber solution,
and there is wrapped spirally around the so coated surface a strip 5 of canvas or
analogous material previously impregnated with india-rubber solution or dough.
In the examples illustrated, a second strip 5ª similar to 5 is wrapped spirally around
the layers formed by the strip 5. Then, if necessary, a further quantity of india-
rubber solution is applied to the exterior of the strip 5, or 5", according as one or two
strips is or are used, and then around the hollow ring at the outer circumference,
there is applied a layer 3 of non-vulcanized india rubber (practically free from
sulphur) in which there has been previously embedded a strip 4 of woven, knitted
or plaited wire such as closely woven wire cloth, such strip of wire being, as we

page_text: Then
prefer, cut from a woven sheet diagonally, or on the bias, as it is termed.
there is super-posed a covering 6 of canvas or analogous material previously
impregnated with india-rubber solution or dough. This covering 6 of canvas may
either be in the form of an endless band of a suitable width to completely cover the
layer 3 of non-vulcanized india rubber in which the wire strip 4 is embedded, as
well as to partly overlap the tube at the respective sides thereof; or, in some cases,
the canvas or analogous material may, as in the example shown, extend entirely
around the hollow ring. In this case it may be wound spirally around the tube in
a manner similar to that already described with respect to the inner layers 5 and 5ª
of canvas or analogous material.
After the application of the outer covering 6 of canvas or analogous material just
referred to, the entire surface of the hollow compound ring formed as described,
is coated with india rubber solution and there is applied to it an outer covering 2
of india rubber of which that portion which corresponds to the tread of the tyre so
constituted may be formed with ribs 2 or otherwise according to requirement for
preventing what is known as slipping. The edge portions of this outer covering 2
inay be connected together by a strip 7 (see dotted lines Fig. 2) of material such as
canvas.
Although we have described the winding of the tube spirally with the strips 5
and 6 of canvas or analogous material, it will be evident that the canvas may be
otherwise suitably applied so long as the arrangement be such that the layer 3 of
non-vulcanized india-rubber in which the strip or band 4 of woven, knitted or
plaited metal wire is embedded be sandwiched between the inner and outer
layers 5 and 6 of canvas or analogous material located between the tube 1 and the
outermost covering 2 of the tyre.
Furthermore although in describing the nature of our invention we have spoken
of a single strip or layer 4 of woven, knitted or plaited metal wire, it will be
evident that in some cases, especially where great strength is required, more than
one such strip or layer 4 might be employed, as shown, for example, in Fig. 3,
which is a corresponding view to Fig. 2, where there are two such strips 4, 4", there
being in such case a layer 3ª of non-vulcanized india-rubber between the two, or
each two strips or bands of woven, knitted or plaited metal wire.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
A pneumatic tyre comprising an inner air tube, an outer cover, one or more layers
of non-vulcanized india-rubber located between said air tube and cover at the outer
peripheral or tread portion of the tyre, a strip or strips of woven, knitted or plaited
metal wire embedded in said layer of non-vulcanized india-rubber or in each of
said layers, and layers of canvas or analogous flexible material between which the
non-vulcanized india-rubber and wire is sandwiched and which are located between
the air tube and outermost cover, as herein before described with reference to and
shown in the accompanying illustrative drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1891.
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
40, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.