AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING STEAM, GAS, OR EXPANDING AIR TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTION, AND BY REVERSED ACTION TO THE RECEPTION OF MOTION AND FORCE
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Tuckey, of the City of Cork, Barrister at Law,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING STEAM, GAS, OR
EXPANDING AIR TO THE PRODUCTION OF MOTION, AND BY REVERSED ACTION
TO THE RECEPTION OF MOTION AND FORCE."
Sealed the 16th May 1879, and dated the 18th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Tuckey at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1878.
THOMAS TUCKEY, of the City of Cork, Barrister at Law. "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF APPLYING STEAM, GAS, OR EXPANDING AIR TO THE PRODUCTION OF
MOTION, AND BY REVERSED ACTION TO THE RECEPTION OF MOTION AND
FORCE."
The principle consists in the movement of stean, gas, or falling water against a
series of screw wheels on the same axle, each screw wheel consisting of oblique
vanes or blades radiating from a centre like those of a smoke jack or a screw
propeller, their common axle turning in fixed sockets or supports at its ends, all said
blades having them obliquely in the same direction. The said screw wheels how-
ever being separated along the axle some distance from each other, so as to leave
room or alternate spaces round the axle for immoveable screw wheels hereafter
mentioned, and turning altogether with their axle within a cylinder or tube, con-
taining similar screw wheels or groups of vanes or blades fastened thereto, and
immoveable, but having their obliquity in a contrary direction to that of the former
Paine Gd27

page_text: ones, and occupying the said alternate spaces between the former ones, and with
apertures in their centres to admit the intermediate parts of said axle freely turning
therein, so that when the steam, gas, air, or water entering the tube at one end strikes
the first moveable screw wheel and tends to turn the axle, and is reflected from the
blades with waste of force, it shall be received on the next immoveable screw wheel'
with its blades in a contrary direction, and thence reflected on the next moveable
screw wheel on the axle, and so on through all the screw wheels, thus repeating the
action on the axle, the revolution of which should give motion to machinery, and
moveover, an external force turning the axle in a contrary direction could force up
or forward air, vapour, or fluid.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Tuckey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th May
1879.
THOMAS TUCKEY, of the City of Cork, Barrister at Law. "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF APPLYING STEAM, GAS, OR EXPANDING AIR TO THE PRODUCTION
OF MOTION, AND BY REVERSED ACTION TO THE RECEPTION OF MOTION AND
FORCE."
The principle consists in the movement of steam, gas, or expanding air against a
series of screw wheels on the same axle, each screw wheel consisting of oblique
vanes or blades radiating from their common axle as from a centre, like those of a
smoke jack or a screw propeller, their common axle turning in fixed sockets or
supports at its ends, all said blades having their obliquity in the same direction, the
said screw wheels however being separated along the axle some distance from each
other, so as to leave room or alternate spaces round the axle for immoveable screw
wheels hereafter mentioned, and turning altogether with their axle within a cylinder
or tube containing similar screw wheels, or groups of vanes or blades fastened to
said cylinder or tube, and immoveable, occupying the said alternate spaces between
the former ones, but having their obliquity in a contrary direction to that of the
former ones, and having apertures in their centres to admit the intermediate parts
of said axle freely turning therein, so that when steam, gas, or expanding air
entering the cylinder or tube at one end strikes the first moveable screw wheel and
tends to turn the same with the axle, and is partly reflected from the blades with
waste of force, it shall be received on the next immoveable screw wheel with its
blades in a contrary direction, and thence reflected on the next moveable screw
wheel on the axle, thus renewing the force applied in turning the axle in the
required direction, and being thence reflected as before against the next immoveable
screw wheel, the same re-action as before may be repeated until the forces succes-
sively lost by reflection and by windage shall by such repetitions of the action
against the moveable screw wheels be recovered and made available in turning the
axle, on the end of which a wheel, with cogs or a band or a crank, could commu-
nicate motion to machinery.
I now refer to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings. In Figure 1 let A, B,
represent the undermost half of the cylinder or tube closed at the end F, save as
to a hole in the centre of the enclosing metal to receive the end of the axle or tube,
the other half being absent in order to shew the interior. Let G be the pipe
attached thereto, through which the steam, gas, or expanding air enters the cylinder
or tube. Let E, F, be the rod or axle, with which revolve the moveable screw
wheels or groups of vanes C1, C2, C3, C4, fastened to it, the axle E, F, turning in the
hole at one end, and in another support at the other end at L. Let I, K, be the
wheel on the axle for communicating motion to machinery. Let D', D2, D3, be the
immoveable screw wheels fastened to the tube or cylinder. When the tube or
cylinder is complete, steam, gas, or expanding air entering the tube at G and striking
the oblique vanes of the screw wheel C¹ will turn them round with their rod or
axle, but being repelled by their re-action will proceed to the immoveable screw
wheel D¹, with its vanes inclined in a direction the reverse of that of the moveable
screw wheels, whereby it will be directed against the screw wheel C2, so as to assist
the force already directed against the screw wheel C¹ and restore some of the force
lost by the re-action of the latter and by windage, and passing as before to the
immoveable screw wheel D", will have its course altered as before against the
moveable screw wheel C³ in a favourable direction for accelerating the revolution,
and so on through as many alternating screw wheels of both kinds as shall be within
the cylinder or tube, which with its rod or axle may be as long as shall be necessary
to receive any desired number of screw wheels, in order to save all the forces
successively diverted or lost by re-action and windage. At the end of the rod, or

page_text: near said end, let the wheel or pulley I, K, communicating with other wheels by
band or cogs, be so proportioned to said other wheels, or the whole gearing of wheels
be such as to lessen the velocity and encrease the force finally exerted. If a very
long rod and tube with their screw wheels be thought inconvenient, several shorter
ones may be used, the first, after performing its part, communicating its outgoing
steam, gas, or expanding air through a lateral pipe H to the second, and in like
manner the second to the third, and so on to the others; if more, the tubes or
cylinders in such case being closed at both their ends save as to holes for the rods
to enter, and the wheels or pulleys on the rods communicating with each other by
bands or cogs, and imparting all their forces to the gearing of wheels, or to a crank
if suitable to the purpose in view. A single cylinder, or the last of them if more
than one, should have attached thereto the pipe H to let off the steam, gas, or
expanding air, or conduct steam into a condenser if a condenser be used. The end
E of the rod may advantageously be made to work against a pointed pivot. To
make the description the more intelligible, I have shewn in Figure 1 the screw
wheels rather flat and inclined, and too distant from one another; but Figure 2.
shews them more as their edges would appear in fact.
An external force may be applied. to turn said axle in a direction the contrary to
that above indicated, whereby the moveable vanes could be made to drive air, gas,
water, or other liquid before them upwards or forwards, but in a sidelong direction
in regard to the direction of the axle and the immoveable vanes, successively repel-
ling the sidelong course, would direct them onwards through the tube, and prevent
them from acquiring a whirling motion productive of weakness in the action, but I
do not claim such as part of my Invention. I only claim as my Invention the
repetition of impact of steam, gas, or expanding air on the successive moveable
screw wheels caused or augmented by reflection from the immoveable ones within
the confinement of the cylinder or tube, and the said construction effecting that
purpose.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Tuckey, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
THOS. TUCKEY. (L.S.)