IMPROVEMENTS IN NUT LOCKS
Year: 1884

page_text: DEEVIFICATION.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
NUT LOCKS & communication to me from abroad by Jacob C M°Afee of Dallas in
the County of Marshall and State of West Virginia, United States of America,
Gentleman to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to nut locks or devices for holding a nut upon a threaded
bolt and preventing it from turning off from jar or vibratory action.
The Invention consists of a split nut in combination with an enclosing band
made either separate or in the same piece with one of the nut sections and a key
or wedge to be inserted between the band and one of the nut sections to force the
two sections of the nut to closer embrace upon the threaded bolt, so as to hold
thereto firmly as will be fully described hereafter.
The nut proper which may be square, hexagonal or other desired shape in outline,
and which is slotted from its exterior to or past the bolt hole or which instead of
being simply slotted may be cut entirely in two parts. I prefer however to slot
the nut a little past the bolt hole. The enclosing band is made of a shapo to
correspond to the outline of the nut.
In the outer edge of the nut, or the inner edge of the band or in both there is
formed a key seat into which is driven a key. This key may be disposed parallel
to the bolt or it may be at right angles to the bolt, in which latter case the ring
must be drilled in the plane of the nut, tangentially to the outer surface of the
latter.
When the nut is screwed upon the bolt the band is slipped laterally over the nut
so as to embrace it, the key is then driven in its seat and its wedging action serves
to force the two sections of the nut together to reduce the size of the bolt hole and
thus lock the nut by tightly clamping it upon the bolt.
To remove the nut a chisel is inserted behind the nut and between it and the
washer and is tapped with a few slight blows when the band or ring comes off and
the nut may be unscrewed.

page_text: To facilitate this loosening of the band or ring its edge next to the washer is
slightly bevelled to admit the edge of the cold chisel.
When the key at right angles to the bolt is used both the nut and band may be
flared in such a way that the band will be tightened as it closes up against any
bearing surface. This also prevents the ring from shifting in any direction but
when the direct or parallel key is used a very slight flare is admitted reversed from
that which is employed with the other key.
Instead of a separate band, sections of the nut may ho formed in one and the
same piece with the encompassing band, and the other section of nut be made
entirely separate therefrom.
The nut section which is formed with the band may be hexagonal, square, or
other shape. Upon one side of the inner periphery of the bolt hole the nut is
recessed or cut away to its full thickness, and in this recess is fitted a nut section
of the same thickness, and of a shape corresponding to the shape of the recess.
This section has a curved surface upon the side next to the bolt, which curved
surface represents just half of the circle of the bolt hole and said curved surface
In the nut
has cut upon it a thread of the same pitch as the rest of the nut.
behind this block or in the block, or partly in both, is formed a key seat into which
is driven a key or wedge which in entering in direction parallel to the bolt forces
the threaded section into a firmly binding contact with the threads on that side of
the bolt, which prevents the nut from ever turning off until the key is removed
and the block loosened.
The advantages of this nut lock are 1st The nut can be so tightly locked on the
bolt that no jarring will loosen it, and is so firmly clamped that it is almost
equivalent to a solid head, rendering stripping of the threads impossible.
2nd It can be readily unlocked or loosened and so overcome the immovable
setting by rust or otherwise that is so common and troublesome.
3rd It may be clamped or stopped at any point on the bolt with varying degrees
of tightness and without any injury to the bolt.
4th It ensures the full engagement of threads without the usual precision in
tapping or threading the nut."
5th Nuts that aro bursted, and hitherto useless, are as useful as any with this
improvement.
6th It is free from cumbersome features, such as spurs, long wedges etc, but
occupies no more room than ordinary nuts.
DL: Oth dan of Acount TRRA.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
NUT LOCKS (a communication to me from abroad by Jacob Crossland MºAfee of
Dallas in the County of Marshall and State of West Virginia United States of
America Gentleman,) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This Invention relates to nut locks or devices for holding a nut upon a threaded
bolt and preventing it from turning off from jar or vibrating action.
The invention consists of a split nut in combination with an enclosing band
made either separate or in the same piece with one of the nut sections and a key
or wedge to be inserted between the band and one of the nut sections to force the
two sections of the nut to closer embrace upon the threaded bolt, so as to hold
thereto firmly as will be fully described hereafter.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
Specification in which
Figure 1, is a face view of the improved nut, Figure 2 is a section at right angles
to the bolt Figure 3 is a section through the line x, x, of figure 1. Figure 4 is a
face view of a modification. Figures 5 and 7 are views of the parts of the nut
shown in Figure 4 detached-Figure 6 is a section through the line a³, x² of
Figure 4.
A represents the nut proper which may be square hexagonal or other desired
shape in outline, and which is slotted from its exterior to or past the bolt hole or
which instead of being simply slotted may be cut entirely in two parts. I prefer
however to slot the nut a little past the bolt hole as shown at a. B is the enclosing
band which is made of a shape to correspond to the outline of the nut.
In the outer edge of the nut or the inner edge of the band or in both there is
formed a key seat into which is driven a key. This key may be disposed parallel
to the bolt as shown at 6 or it may be at right angles to the bolt as shown at b¹ in
which latter case the ring must be drilled in the plane of the nut tangentially to
the outer surface of the latter.
When the nut is screwed upon the bolt and the band B is slipped laterally over
the nut so as to embrace it the key is then driven in its seat and its wedging
action serves to force the two sections of the nut together to reduce the size of the
bolt hole and thus lock the nut by tightly clamping it upon the bolt.
To remove the nut a chisel is inserted behind the nut and between it and the .
washer and is tapped with a few slight blows when the band or ring comes off and
the nut may be unscrewed.
L.
To facilitate this loosening of the band or ring its edge next to the washer is
slightly bevelled to admit the edge of the cold chisel-When the key b¹ is used
both the nut and band may be flared in such a way that the band will bo
tightened as it closes up against any bearing surface.
This also prevents the ring from shifting in any direction but when the direct
key b is used a very slight flare is admitted reversed from that which is employed
with the other key b'.

page_text: In figures 45 G I show a further modification of the invention in which one of
the sections of the nut may be formed in one and the same piece with the
encompassing band and the other section of nut is made entirely separate
therefrom.
In these figures A' represents the nut section which is formed with the band and
may be hexagonal square, or other shape and B¹ is the bolt. Upon one side of the
inner periphery of the bolt hole the section A' is recessed or cut away the full
thickness of the nut and in this recess is fitted a nut section C¹ of the same
thickness as the section A' and of a shape corresponding to the shape of the
recess.
This section hits a curved surface upon the side next to the bolt, which curved,
surface represents just half of the circle of the bolt hole and said curved surface
has cut upon it a thread of the same pitch as the rest of the nut.
In the nut behind this block or in the block, or partly in both is formed a key
seat a¹ into which is driven a key or wedge D' which in entering in direction
parallel to the bolt forces the threaded section C into a firmly binding contact with
the threads on that side of the bolt which prevents the nut from ever turning off-
until the key is removed and the block loosened.
I am aware that a nut bas had a threaded block which was seated in a recess on
the face of the. nut and advanced to binding contact with the bolt by a small
supplemental screw but this nut and recess represented only a part of the thickness
of the nut and said block does not give so good a bearing in locking and is rendered
expensive by the supplemental screw.
The screw also projects in a direction to make it obtrusive-The recess which is
of less depth than the thickness of the nut is troublesome to make and cannot be
punched as can my recess which passes all the way through. In loosening or
unlocking the nut also the removal of the thin block does not loosen the nut,
particularly when it is rusted while with my construction the loosening of the
block allows the nut to fall away from the bolt, and the wedge is not only less
obtrusive but is less expensive and exerts a better holding power. Again if the
bolt and nut are not exactly fitted in the tapping process the nut and block in this
device will adapt themselves to the bolt, which is not true of a construction in
which the block is of less thickness than the nut and is seated in a recess on one
side.
In constructing the keys b¹ and D¹ they may be split or formed by doubling a
wire on itself in the well known way-Advantages. 1st The nut can be so tightly
locked on the bolt that no jarring will loosen it and is so firmly clamped that it is
almost equivalent to a solid head rendering stripping of 'the threads impossible.
2nd It can be readily unlocked or loosened and so overcome the immovable
setting by rust or otherwise that is so common and troublesome.
3rd It may be clamped or stopped at any point on the bolt with varying degrees
of tightness and without any injury to the bolt.
4th It insures the full engagement of threads without the usual precision in
tapping or threading the nut.
5th Nuts that aro bursted and hitherto useless are as useful as any with this
improvement.
6th It is free from cumbersome features such as spurs long wedges etc but
occupies no more room than ordinary nuts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The combination of a split nut, an enclosing band and a key arranged between
the band and the movable nut section to press the sections of the nut to closer
contact with the bolt substantially as shown and described.

page_text: 2nd The combination of the split nut, and enclosing band having their adjacent
faces made tapering and the key b' arranged at the joint of the nut and band and
disposed in the plane of the nut as and for the purposes described.
3rd A nut having a segment including a portion of the periphery of the bolt
hole cut away through the entire thickness of the nut combined with a block or
nut section fitted therein and having its curved side screw threaded and a key or
wedge adapted to fit behind the block and drive it to binding contact with the bolt
as described.
4th A nut having a segment including half of the periphery of the bolt hole cut
away through the entire thickness of the nut combined with a block or nut section
fitted thereon and having its semi circular side screw threaded and a key or wedge
adapted to tit behind the block and drive it to binding contact with the bolt as
described.