CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF 'KEYS,' 'SPANNERS, WRENCHES,' 'COTTARS,' 'NUTS,' AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning,
both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF 'KEYS,'
'SPANNERS, WRENCHES,' 'COTTARS,' 'NUTS,' AND OTHER ARTICLES, AND IN
THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
Sealed the 30th November 1866, and dated the 31st May 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse
and William John Dorning at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 31st May 1866.
We, EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE and WILLIAM JOHN DONNING, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF KEYS,' 'SPANNERS,' 'WRENCHES,' 'COTTARS," "NUTS,' AND OTHER
ARTICLES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOB," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing or forming "keys,"
"cotters," "spanners," or other similar articles, and the improvements consist
in the application of hydraulic power thereto, for the purpose of punching,
pressing, or stamping such articles out of plates of metal, and the apparatus
consists of an arrangement of upper and lower dies or punches formed accurately
to the pattern of the article required; one set of these dies aro actuated by direct

page_text: bydraulic pressure, and act upon the plate of metal so as to punch or press out
the article between the die and its matrix, the chief feature of the Invention
being the application of hydraulic power for punching out of metal plates such
articles as have bitherto been cast or wrought.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th November 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
TAYLOR BELLHOUSE and WILLIAM JOHN DORNING, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of IIer reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our Iler special licenso
that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Edward
Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF 'KEYS,' 'SPANNERS,'
"WRENCHES,' 'COTTARS,' 'NUTS,' AND OTHER ARTICLES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William
John Dorning, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William
John Dorning, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):
:-
Our Invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing or forming of
--

page_text: "keys," cottars, spanners, or other similar articles, and the improvements con-
sist in the application of bydraulic power thereto for the purpose of punching,
pressing, or stamping such articles out of plates of metal, and the apparatus
may consist of an arrangement of upper and lower dies or punches formed
accurately to the pattern of the article required. One set of the dies are
actuated by direct bydraulic pressure, and act upon the plate of metal so as
to punch or press out the article between the die and its matrix. The punches
or dies and matrices may be applied in several methods, and it will be here
sufficient to state that an ordinary hydraulic press is employed, and that, for
example, a steel matrix is placed on the press table and the metal (either in a
heated or cold state) is placed above and upon it, and the dio is secured to the
cross head of the press or placed on the metal directly above the matrix; the
pumps then being worked the die is forced into the matrix and a corresponding
form is placed out of the metal plate by the die and pressed through the
matrix; this or equivalent means may be adapted for flat articles, such as
"keys," "spanners," but for half round or round articles as pins, bolts, or
nuts the matrices will be formed in two halves each giving form to the upper
and lower portion of the article stamped.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly
understood that we claim the application and use of bydraulic power for
punching or pressing out of metal plates "keys," "spanners," "wrenches,"
'cottars," "nuts," and other such articles as have bitherto been cast or
wrought.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William
John Dorning, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord Ono thousand eight
hundred and sixty-six.
0
EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE. (L.s.)
WILLIAM JOHN DORNING.
(L.S.)
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES, C.E.,
Office for Patents,
Manchester.