Iж- IN STEAM BOILERS IN AND FURNACES, AND PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julien François Belleville, of Saint Denis
(France), Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
23
Scaled the 29th April 1873, and dated the 5th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julien François
Belleville at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 5th November 1872.
I, JULIEN FRANÇOIS BELLEVILLE, of Saint Denis, France, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iж-
IN STEAM BOILERS
IN
AND FURNACES, AND PARTS CONNECTED
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
PROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to the non-explosible steam generator with
multiple circulation known by the name of the Belleville boiler, and
the improvements refer, first, to generating tubes with double elements
and their accessory organs; secondly, to a feed regulator with a permanent
action and a determined volume of water; thirdly, to a steam purifier
A

page_text: with centrifugal action; and, fourthly, to smoke consuming furnaces for
both mineral and vegetable fuel.
My improvements will be well understood from the following
description and the accompanying Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a
longitudinal section of the improved generator complete, and Figure 2
a front elevation of the same with the doors removed.
General Description.-The double elements or communicating vessels
A which I employ in the constitution of the groups of generating tubes
are arranged horizontally one above the other, and are maintained by
means of sockets, caps, or end connections; they are composed of two
simple elements arranged in vertical planes and united so as to form
but one circulation by their successive inclination in the direction of the
current. At each step the tube in one plane is connected to the corre-
sponding tube in the other plane by means of a uniting box A'. It
results from this arrangement that each double element has the aspect
of a serpentine composed of very elongated spirals, the worm or turning
of which is divided equally between all the tubes. A lower collector B
serves to feed each double clement. The product of the vaporization
of each double element A proceeds into a collector C at the top. Above
this is arranged a dividing tube D indispensable for the regularity of the
work. In the interior of the same collector C are arranged roses or
movable adjustable perforated ajutages X (Figures 10 and 11) through
which the orifices of the dividing tube D draw steam into the said
collector. Plugs E, Figures 1 and 2, with anchor bolts are adapted to
the uniting boxes A' and to the collectors B, C, opposite to each tube
for their interior cleansing.
At F (Figures 2, 3, and 4) is a graduated feeding cock with a
determined outlet with its rose or mouth piece F. At G, G, Figure 2,
are the communications of the cock F on the one hand with the
lower collector B, and on the other hand with the feeding regulator Z,
Figure 2 (and with the feeding pump), the arrangement of which
will be described further on with reference to Figure 5. An emptying
cock is adapted to the lower collector B, and can also be utilized in
order to help fill the generator. A column I for indicating the water
level communicates with the lower collector B and the upper collector C
of the generator. A tube K follows the dividing tube D and carries
the steam valves, and the mouth piece of the pipe which leads the

page_text: steam from the generator to the centrifugally acting purifier Y, the
arrangement of which will be described further on with reference to
Figures 6 and 7. The envelope L of the generator is constructed partly
of bricks & partly of sheet and angle iron. The doors M. serve for the
visiting and cleansing of the generator; N is a smoke consuming
furnace with a continuous feed for mineral combustibles, the arrange-
ment of which will be described further on (Figure 1), together with
the arrangement of a furnace for vegetable combustibles (Figures 14
and 15). A platform or flame breaker O, Figure 1, is intended to force
the hot gases to divide themselves as equally as possible upon all the
parts of the heating surface. Movable lateral obturators are intended
to intercept the too direct passage of the flames between the tubes and
the envelopes; Q is the register of the chimney. An automatic register
R, Figure 1, for the register of the chimney is composed of a stiff spring
similar to that of the feeding regulator with permanent action. The
cap of the regulator and in consequence the exterior of the spring com-
municates with the base of the water level column I, and receives the
pressure of the generator. The interior of the spring communicates
with the atmosphere. At S is the transmission of the movement of the
regulator R to the register Q. The mode of fixing the lower reservoir B
is shown at Figures 8 and 9. A chamber T is reserved in each arm of
the angle of the face of the envelope, in order to
tremities of the lower collector B, and serve them as a
Wedges are adjusted and fixed by bolts upon the lower part of the
chamber T; cach wedge has a hole in it into which the gudgeon V,
which is held beneath the collector B, engages. A rose or perforated
ajutage X (see Figures 10 and 11) is placed in the upper collector C
above each draught of steam in order to prevent its obstruction; this rose
by the pressure of the screw of the button X' bears with force upon the
upper and lower partitions of the collector. In order to remove the
rose or ajutage X it is sufficient to screw the button X¹ so as to cause
the screw to penetrate into the rose X.
receive the ex-
point of support.
Action of the Improved Generator.-Let it be supposed that the
feeding regulator Z, with different pressures, is regulated in order to
obtain the feeding with permanent action under a constant charge (as
for example under a pressure of 4lbs.), and the key of the graduated
cock with a determined volume being keyed to the notch corresponding
to the volume of water to vaporize per hour. The water furnished by
A 2

page_text: the feeding pump after having traversed the regulator Z, Figure 2, pene-
trates through the general feeding conduit G into the lower collector B
of each generator in passing across the orifice of the graduated cock F.
From the lower collector B the water rises simultaneously in the inclined
tubes of each of the double elements A up to the level indicated by the
glass tube I. The height of the level then remains sensibly regular,
because there is equivalence between the determined volume of water
which penetrates at each unit of time into the generator by the regulated
orifice of the graduated cock and the quantity of steam expended in the
same space of time. In each double element A the tubes nearest to the
fire are traversed by the current of water with the least elevated tempera-
ture they are thus much less likely to suffer from the intensity of the
fire whatever it may be. The steam proceeds from the upper collector C,
passing through the holes of the roses or movable perforated ajutages
X, and through orifices of the divider tube D, and enter into the
centrifugal purifier Y, Figures 5 and 6, where it gives up all the water
which it may have brought with it as well as the strange bodies, such as
greasy or calcareous deposits which it may have brought with it. From
the purifier the steam proceeds free from any admixture to the machines.
or other apparatus where it is to be utilized.
Detailed Description of the Improved Constituted Organs of my
System of Inexplosible Generator, with Multiple Circulation. Firstly,
the feed regulator with permanent action and determined volume of
water, Figures 2 and 5. My method of feeding is realized, firstly, by a
regulator composed of a spring of strong capacity and a discharge valve
for the service of several generators; and, secondly, for each generator
by a graduated cock F, Figures 2, 3, and 4, the key of which has a
rectangular orifice; the length of this orifice is for example regulated by
as many millemetres for each square metre of the surface of the grate.
This proportion is so determined that under the height of the constant
charge to which it is desired to realize the feeding with permanent
action each division of one millemetre of opening can deliver one-fifth of
the weight of the total maximum of water which the generator can
vaporize. Each cock F has a graduated dial indicating in figures the
proportional value of the volume of water delivered for each graduation.
The key is in fact provided with an index, which engages by a spring
into the notch corresponding with the volume of water vaporized per
hour. To the cover c of the basin Z, Figure 5, is adapted by a tight

page_text: joint the upper portion of a strong spring b, composed of discs of thin
metal rivetted in couples at their inner and outer circumferences with
the interposition of a band of cloth covered with caoutchouc.
At d are
the valves for the overflow of water or for the discharge provided with
their levers and counterweights. A hollow rod e, which is rivetted to the
inner circumference of the spring, traverses the spring throughout all its
height without contact, and proceeds across the cover of the basin by the
stuffing box g. A cross piece h fixed to the rod e is intended to command
the level of the valves d. A junction j causes the water coming from
the feeding pump to communicate with the interior of the basin and the
exterior of the regulating pump 6. Retaining flaps K oppose the return
towards the feeding pump of the water which has penetrated into the
basin Z; in order that the pressure which subsists always in the basin and
that the action of the regulating springs may not affect the useful action
of the pump or the feeding pumps, the water within the basin Z is put
into communication by a union G¹ with the feeding conduit of the
generator. A metallic rose or strainer m is intended to retain within the
basin Z the impurities held in suspension in the feed water. m² is a plug
serving to close the passage reserved at the outlet of the rose for visiting
and cleaning, and n is an opening made for the purpose of inspecting
and cleaning the interior of the basin Z. o is the point of attachment of
the command of the warning bell; this bell sounds when in consequence
of an incomplete action of the two feeding pumps the spring in extending
acts upon the bell at the point in its course arranged for the purpose.
Action of the Feed Regulator.-The steam from the generator con-
municates through a mouth-piece f with the interior of the spring b, and
exerts a pressure there; the interior of the spring is put into communi-
cation with the feed conduit and is equilibrated in pressure with it.
The spring b is thus submitted interiorly to the pressure of the steam or
of the generators, and exteriorly to the pressure of the feed conduit, and
it works then under the difference of these two pressures. The pressure
in the conduit being superior to that of the generators, the spring is
compressed when this pressure corresponds to a difference of more than
4lbs. (for example), between the two pressures of the water and the
steam the cause effected by the rod c brings the cross piece h in contact
with the levers of the discharge valves, which then throw back the excess
water provided by the pumps; it therefore follows that as often as the
pumps provide a volume of water larger than that which is absolutely

page_text: necessary for the spent steam the difference between the pressure in the
conduit and the pressure in the generators, that is to say,
the pressure
under which the feeding is effected always remains at 4 lbs., or at any
other pressure to which the course of the cross piece h has been pre-
viously regulated; thus, whatever may be the pressure of the steam, the
feeding always takes place at the same height of charge which has been
previously determined by the course left to the cross piece h between its
initial position and the levers of the discharge valves. It is this very
important and peculiar position which constitutes the permanence of the
action of the feeding, and the exact determination by the graduation of
the cock of the volume of water provided to the generator.
Steam Purifier, with Centrifugal Action Y, Figures 6 and 7.-This
method of purification is based upon the property possessed by liquids
and solids of separating from gaseous products, in consequence of their
difference of density under the centrifugal action produced by a rapid
circular movement. The steam coming from the generator penetrates,
see Figures 6 and 7, by the tube placed above the cylinder Y into the
spiral tube C, the diameter of which is as small as possible, in order that
the steam may circulate therein with the maximum of quickness and
centrifugal action. Under this influence, the denser solids or liquids
tend towards the exterior circumference of the tube c¹; on proceeding
from this tube they are thrown with great quickness against the
partition of the cylinder Y, along which they continue their helicoidal
movement, until their fall and reunion at the base of the purifier. The
steam, by virtue of its feeble density, is found thus separated from the
solid and liquid particles, and rises without admixture towards the exit
tube d¹. The water and other foreign bodies thus separated from the
steam are thrown to the bottom of the purifier, from whence they are
removed through the cock e¹. It is through the orifice of the tube d'
that the float f¹ is introduced into the cylinder Y; this float commands
the cock e¹ for the automatic extraction of the liquid thrown to the
bottom of the purifier. At g¹ is the plunger pipe of the purging cock e¹,
and the stopper ¹ serves for the extraction of the solid bodies thrown
down to and deposited upon the bottom of the purifier.
The advantages of this system are, the introduction into the slide valves
and cylinders, for marine and land purposes, of a purified steam free from
any water, and without any destructive action upon foreign bodies.
When the generators are fed wholly or partly with salt or brackish

page_text: water the continuous extraction by the current of steam of the water
saturated with salt operates very effectively.
Smoke Consuming Furnace for Mineral Combustibles, Figures 1
and 2. My arrangement is characterized (1st.) by the employment of.
two grates, respectively called the great grate and the little grate e²;
The great grate d² is formed with a surface, the inclination of which from
the horizontal increases progressively from the summit to the base in the
form of a curve, the tangents of which at the summit and base form
angles which differ about from 15 to 20 degrees from the horizontal.
The angle of the direction of the curve formed by the grate can also
vary from 30 to 40 degrees, according to the nature of the combustable,
and the more or less great condition of immovability of the grate, due
for example to the shaking of marine or locomotive machines; secondly,
by the employment of a reverberatory panel 92 arranged behind the
furnace opposite the grate d², Figure 1. This panel, formed from
refractory bricks, accumulates the heat, and provides the grate through
radiation with the heat indispensable for the distillation and ignition of
the raw combustible in proportion as it descends upon the grate. It
may be vertically inclined, or arranged in the form of a vault; thirdly, by
the employment of a movable obturator i, serving to close the lower
part of the upper portion of the grate for about one-half of its length,
which permits the access of air across the base of the upper portion of
the grate, to be completely prevented or confined to the desired amount
at pleasure; fourthly, by the employment of movable partitions ³ of
metal or refractory earth, in order to divide the combustible into hori-
zontal slices in the direction of the inclined plane of the grate in order
to facilitate its lighting, and to render its descent as regular as possible
throughout the breadth of the grate; fifthly, by the employment as a
large grate of a grate d², Figure 1, composed of bars and cross bars
arranged so as to support one another in the form of a Venetian blind
with a curved surface. The empty space between each bar is about the
width of from 4 to 6 millemetres.
The Action of the Furnace.-In order to light the furnace the neces-
sary quantity of dry wood is placed upon the little grate e², upon which
the residues or scoria collect, then through the hopper a² coal or other
mineral combustible is introduced until the grate is filled from the bottom
to the top. The door of the hopper is then closed; by means of the
obturator the passage of the air across the upper half of the large grate

page_text: is cut, and the wood is lighted in the empty space f* which exists
between the two grates. This space is closed by one or several movable
traps f. When the upper part of the grate is lighted, the obturator i is
opened just sufficiently to feed the part of the grate sufficiently with
air. When the reverberatory panel 9° has attained a red heat, the coal
distils so as to arrive at the head of the grate, and passes into the state
of coke, whence it descends by its own weight and by the aid of a special
tool or pusher, and then fresh fuel is added. The coke is gradually
pushed until it reaches the little grate, where the burning is finished.
The scoria accumulations upon the little grate are removed by means of a
hook, which causes it to fall into the cinder receptacle h² with a water
surface for cooling, opening for this purpose the trap f³.
Tubular Grate with Water Circulation, Figures 12 and 13.-This
arrangement is advantageous for the generating furnaces of steamboats.
The water penetrates into the upper collector A³, or the lower one B, and
proceeds out warm at the other end of the collector. The grate tubes C¹
are curved, in order to obtain the suitable angles of inclination from the
base to the top; they are very near to one another, and attached at their
extremities to the collector A¹, B', by the aid of pinching screws.
Armatures D¹ unite the two collectors at each side in order to prevent
any deformation. A cross rod E carries the partitions which serve to pre-
serve the desired separation between the tubes. Stanchions G' unite the
armatures of the grate to the armatures of the envelope of the generator,
in order to support the lower part of the grate; H¹ is an obturator with
the double purpose of serving to close the cinder box during the stopping,
or the upper part of the grate during the lighting. The inclined plane of
the tubes facilitates in each of them a very active double current, through
the difference of density of the liquid. The least warm water descends
the length of the lower semi-circumference of the tube which is opposite
to the cinder box in proportion as the water heated by the contact of
the semi-circumference which is opposite to the furnace rises, by virtue
of its difference of density. The advantages accruing from the em-
ployment of this tubular grate for the circulation of water are to absorb
more heat, to avoid the adherence of hammer slag, and to maintain the
tubes at an equal temperature.
Smoke Consuming Furnace for Vegetable Combustibles (Figures 14 and
15). In order to employ wood or other vegetable as a combustible, I
adopt an improved arrangement of furnace which permits of the wood

page_text: •
'
becoming completely dried in proportion to its introduction into the
furnace and before its combustion, and to regularly feed the furnace
without intermittence in the production of the heat. The introduction of
the combustible is effected by the door As, Figure 15, and dries gradually
in a basket 1" before arriving in the combustion furnace C³ where it
spreads upon the grate D' composed of straight or curved bars. At Es
is the beam of the lower part of the grate; at F³ is the movable beam
of the upper part of the grate; it bears by its ends upon square sup-
ports. A door G³ serves to regulate the arrival of the air in the furnace and
in the cinder box K. At H³ are the vaulted conduits through which the
products of combustion proceed from the furnace C³ into the reverberatory
combustion chamber Is; an opening J³ is reserved for the extraction of
the cinders which accumulate in the bottom of the combustion
chamber I. At L' is a movable metal platform to cover and close the
channel in front of the furnace in order to prevent all passage of air
when the door G³ is closed. For lighting the furnace C³ and the basket,
B³ are filled with vegetable combustibles made very dry; when this dry
combustible which at first fills the furnace diminishes in volume in
burning, the vegetable combustible intended to be used for the
normal heating of the furnace, is introduced in proportion through the
door As, so that the basket B may be always full to the top. The
damp fuel as it descends dries under the action gradually, becoming
more and more intense of the heat from the rays of the furnace, and
arrives dry at the centre of combustion. The combustible gases which
they contain distil gradually and become inflamed in coming into
contact with the current of air proceeding from the door G³ which
regulates its arrival. This door serves also to intercept the passage of
the air during the stoppages. The charcoal which results from the
distillation of the combustible, collects upon the grate D³, where it is
burned in contact with the air passing through the bars. The products
of combustion on proceeding from the furnace C³ pass through the
conduits H³ into the chimney I' where the gases finish burning before
becoming cooled by contact with the surface to be heated, boilers, or other
apparatus. To lower the fire the beam F3 without supports is pulled
with a hook, and the bars deprived of their support above fall to the
bottom of the cinder box with the fuel. The incandescent fuel is
extinguished by water, and the smoke or vapours resulting from this
extinction are drawn by the draught of the chimney towards the com-
bustion chamber I³. This furnace produces great regularity, important

page_text: economy, complete consumption of smoke, and perfect utilization of
vegetable fuel.
Such is the description of the improvements which I have effected in
my rational system of inexplosible steam generators with multiple
circulation which I claim as my Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Julien François Belleville in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULIEN
FRANÇOIS BELLEVILLE, of Saint Denis, France, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Julien François Belleville, Her special licence
that I, the said Julien François Belleville, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Julien François Belleville, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM BOILERS AND FURNACES, And in Parts connECTED THEREWITH,” upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Julien François Belleville,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme--
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julien François Belleville, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and

page_text: by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the non-explosible steam generator with
multiple circulation known by the name of the Belleville boiler, and
the improvements refer, first, to gencrating tubes with double elements
and their accessory organs; secondly, to a feed regulator with a
permanent action and a determined volume of water; thirdly, to a
steam purifier with centrifugal action; and, fourthly, to smoke con-
suming furnaces for both mineral and vegetable fuel.
"My improvements will be well understood from the following
description and the accompanying Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a
longitudinal section of the improved generator complete, and Figure 2 a
front elevation of the same with the doors removed.
"
General. Description:-The double elements or communicating
vessels A which I employ in the constitution of the groups of
generating tubes are arranged horizontally one above the other, and are
maintained by means of socket caps or end connections; they are com-
posed of two simple elements arranged in vertical planes and united so
as to form but one circulation by their successive inclination in the
direction of the current. At each step the tube in one plane is con-
nected to the corresponding tube in the other plane by means of a
uniting box A. It results from this arrangement that each double
element has the aspect of a serpentine composed of very elongated
spirals, the worm or turning of which is divided equally between all-
the tubes. A lower collector B, Figure 2, serves to feed each double
element. The product of the vaporization of each double element A
proceeds into a collector C at the top. Above this is arranged a dividing
tube D, indispensable for the regularity of the work. In the interior of
the same collector C are arranged roses or movable perforated
ajutages X (Figures 10 and 11, Sheet 2), through which the orifices of
the dividing tube D draw steam into the said collector. Plugs E,
Figures 1 and 2, with anchor bolts E are adapted to the uniting
boxes A¹ and to the collector B, C, opposite to each tube for their
interior cleansing.
At F (Figures 2, 3, and 4) is a graduated feeding cock with a
determined outlet with its rose or mouth piece F¹. At G, G¹, Figure 2,

page_text: collector B, and on the other hand with the feeding regulator Z,
Figure 2 (and with the feeding pump), the arrangement of which will
be described further on, with reference to Figure 5. An emptying cock
is adapted to the lower collector B, and can also be utilized in order to
help fill the generator. A column I, Figures 1 and 2, for indicating the
water level, communicates with the lower collector B and the upper
collector C of the generator. A tube K follows the dividing tube D
and carries the steam valves and the mouth piece of the pipe, which
leads the steam from the generator to the centrifugally acting
purifier Y, the arrangement of which will be described further on with
reference to Figures 6 and 7. The envelope L of the generator is
constructed partly of bricks and partly of sheet and angle iron. The
doors M serve for the visiting and cleansing of the generator. N is a
smoke consuming furnace with a continuous feed for mineral com-
bustibles, the arrangement of which will be described further on
(Figure 1), together with the arrangement of a furnace for vegetable
combustibles (Figures 14 and 15). A platform or flame breaker O,
Figure 1, is intended to force the hot gases to divide themselves as
equally as possible upon all the parts of the heating surface. Movable
lateral obturators are intended to intercept the too direct passage of the
flames between the tubes and the envelope. Q is the register of the
chimney. An automatic register R, Figure 1, for the register of the
chimney is composed of a stiff spring, similar to that of the feeding
regulator, with permanent action. The cap of the regulator, and in
consequence the exterior of the spring, communicates with the
base of the water level column I, and receives the pressure of the
generator. The interior of the spring communicates with the
atmosphere. At S is the transmission of the movement of the
regulator R to the register Q. The mode of fixing the lower reservoir B
is shown at Figures 8 and 9. A chamber T is reserved in each arm of
the angle of the surface of the envelope, in order to receive the
extremities of the lower collector B and serve them as a point of
support. Wedges U are adjusted and fixed by bolts. upon the lower
part of the chamber T. Each wedge has a hole in it into which the
gudgeon V, which is held beneath the collector B, engages. A rose or
perforated ajutage X (see Figures 10 and 11) is placed in the upper
collector C, above cach draught of steam in order to prevent its
obstruction; this rose by the pressure of the screw of the button X'
bears with force upon the upper and lower partitions of the collector.

page_text: In order to remove the rose or ajutage X it is sufficient to screw the
button X so as to cause the screw to penetrate into the rose X.
Action of the Improved Generator.-Let it be supposed that the
feeding regulator Z, Figures 2 and 5, with different pressures is regulated
in order to obtain the feeding with permanent action under a constant
change (as for example, under a pressure of 4 lbs.), and suppose the
key F of the graduated cock with a determined volume to be keyed to
the notch corresponding to the volume of water to vaporize per hour,
the water furnished by the feeding pump after having traversed the
regulator Z, Figure 2, penetrates through the general feeding conduit G
into the lower collector B of each generator in passing across the orifice
of the graduated cock F. From the lower collector B the water rises
simultaneously in the inclined tubes of each of the double elements A
up to the level indicated by the glass tube I; the height of the level
then remains sensibly regular because there is equivalence between
the determined volume of water which penetrates at each unit of time
into the generator by the regulated orifice of the graduated cock and the
quantity of steam expended in the same space of time In each double
element A the tubes nearest to the fire are traversed by the current of
water with the least elevated temperature; they are thus much less likely
to suffer from the intensity of the fire. The steam proceeds from the
upper collector C by passing through the holes of the rose or movable
perforated ajutages X, and through orifices of the divider tube D and
entering into the centrifugally acting purifier Y, Figures 6 and 7, gives
up all the water it may have taken up as well as the strange bodies,
such as greasy or calcareous deposits which it may have brought with it.
From the purifier the steam proceeds, free from any admixture, to the
machines or other apparatus where it is to be utilized.
Detailed Description of the Improved Constituted Organs of my
System of Inexplosible Generator with Multiple Circulation.--1st.
The feed regulator with permanent action and determined volume of
water, Figures 2 and 5. My method of feeding is realized, firstly, by a
regulator composed of a spring of strong capacity and discharge valve
for the service of several generators, and 2ndly. For each generator by
a graduated cock F, Figures 2, 3, and 4, the key of which has a rectan-
gular orifice, the length of this orifice is in proportion to the surface of
the grate; for example, it is as many millemetres long as there are
square metres in the grate. This proportion is so determined that

page_text: b
under the height of the constant charge to which it is desired to realize
the feeding with permanent action, each division of one millemetre of
opening can deliver one-fifth of the weight of the total maximum of
water which the generator can vaporize. Each cock F has a graduated
dial indicating in figures the proportional value of the volume of water
delivered for each graduation. The key is for this purpose provided
with an index which engages by a spring into the notch corresponding
with the volume of water vaporized per hour. To the cover c of the
basin Z, Figure 5, is adapted by a tight joint, the upper portion of a
strong spring composed of discs of thin metal rivetted in couples at
their inner and outer circumferences, with the interposition of a band of
cloth covered with caoutchouc. At d are the valves for the overflow or
for the discharge of water provided with their levers and counterweights.
A hollow rode which is rivetted to the inner circumference of the
spring, traverses the spring throughout all its height without contact,
and proceeds across the cover of the basin by the stuffing box g. A
lower guide e¹ of the rod e is fixed at the bottom of the basin Z; a tubeƒ|
is in one piece with the cover cand puts the steam of the generator in
communication with the spring b by means of the junction i. A cross
piece / fixed to the rod e is intended to command the lever d' of the
valves d. A junction j causes the water coming from the feeding pump
to communicate with the interior of the basin and the exterior of the
regulating spring b. Retaining flaps K oppose the return towards the
feeding pump of the water which has penetrated into the basin Z in
order that pressure may subsist always in the basin, and that the action
of the regulating spring may not injure the effetual action of the pump
or the feeding pumps. The water within the basin Z is put into com-
munication by a union G with the feeding conduit of the generator.
A metallic rose or strainer m is intended to retain within the basin Z the
impurities held in suspension in the feed water; m' is a plug serving to
close the passage reserved at the outlet of the rose for visiting and
cleaning, and n, Figure 2, is an opening made for the purpose of
inspecting and cleaning the interior of the basin Z; o is the point of
attachment of the command of the alarm bell; this bell sounds when in
consequence of an incomplete action of the two feeding pumps, the
spring in extending acts upon the bell at the point in its course arranged
for that purpose.
Action of the Feed Regulator.-The steam from the generators com-
muniantos through a mouth niece Figure 5 with the interior of the

page_text: spring b, and exerts a pressure there; the exterior of the spring is put
into communication with the feed conduit and is equilibrated in pressure
with it. The spring is thus submitted interiorly to the pressuro
of the steam or of the generators, and exteriorly to the pressure of
the feed conduit, and it works thus under the difference of these two
pressures. The pressure in the conduit being superior to that of the
generators the spring is compressed; when this pressure corresponds to
a difference of more than 4lbs. (for example) between the two pressures
of the water and the steam the course effected by the rod c brings the
cross piece in contact with the levers of the discharge valves, which
then throw back the excess water provided by the pumps. It therefore
follows that as often as the pumps provide any volume of water, but
larger than that which is absolutely necessary for the spent steam, the
difference between the pressure in the conduit and the pressure in the
generators, that is to say, the pressure under which the feeding is effected
always remains at 4 lbs., or at any other pressure to which the course of
the cross piece has been previously regulated; thus whatever may be
the pressure of the steam the feeding always takes place at the same
height of charge which has been previously determined by the course
left to the cross piece h, between its initial position and the levers of the
discharge valves. It is this very important and peculiar condition which
constitutes the permanence of the action of the feeding and the exact
determination by the graduation of the cock of the volume of water
provided to the generator.
Steam Purifier with Centrifugal Action Y (Figures 6 and 7).—This
method of purification is based upon the property possessed by liquids
and solids of separating from gaseous products in consequence of their
difference of density under the centrifugal action produced by a rapid
circular movement. The steam coming from the generator penetrates
(see Figures 6 and 7) by the tube b¹ placed above the cylinder Y into
the spiral tube c', the diameter of which is as small as possible in order
that the steam may circulate therein with the maximum of quickness
and centrifugal action. Under this influence the denser solids or liquids
tend towards the exterior circumference of the tube c¹; on proceeding
from this tube they are thrown with great quickness against the partition
of the cylinder Y, along which they continue their helicoidal movement
until their fall and reunion at the base of the purifier. The steam by
virtue of its slight density is found thus separated from the solid and

page_text: liquid particles and rises without admixture towards the exit tube d'.
The water and other foreign bodies thus separated from the steam and
thrown to the bottom of the purifier are removed therefrom through the
cock e¹. It is through the orifice of the tube that the float f¹ is
introduced into the cylinder Y, this float commands the cock e¹ for the
automatic extraction of the liquid thrown to the bottom of the purifier.
At g¹ is the plunger pipe of the purging cock e¹, and the stopper /¹ serves
for the extraction of the solid bodies thrown down to and deposited
upon the bottom of the purifier. The advantages of this system are, the
introduction into the slide valves and cylinders for marine and land
purposes of a purified steam free from any water and without any
destructive action upon foreign bodies; when the generators are fed
wholly or partly with salt or brackish water the continuous extraction
of the water saturated with salt by the current of steam operates very
effectively.
Smoke consuming furnace for Mineral Combustible (Figures 1, 1ª,
and 2). My arrangement is characterized, first, by the employment of
two grates, respectively called the great grate & and the little grate e*.
The great grate d is formed with a surface the inclination of which
from the horizontal increases progressively from the summit to the
base in the form of a curve, Figure 1, the tangents of which at the
summit and base form angles which differ about from 15 to 20 degrees
from the horizontal or inclined from a straight line; Figure 1 bis, the
angle of the direction of the curve formed by the grate, can also vary
from 30 to 40 degrees according to the nature of the combustible, and
the more or less great condition of immovability of the grate due for
example to the shaking of marine or locomotive machines. Secondly,
by the employment of a reverberatory panel gå arranged behind the
furnace opposite the grate de, Figure 1. This panel formed from
refractory bricks accumulates the heat and provides the grate through
radiation with the heat indispensable for the distillation and ignition
of the raw combustible in proportion as it descends upon the grate.
It may be vertical inclined or arranged in the form of a vault. Thirdly,.
by the employment of a movable obturator i serving to close the
lower part of the upper portion of the grate for about a half of
its length, which permits the access of air across the bars of the
upper portion of the grate to be completely prevented or confined to
the desired amount, at pleasure; Fourthly, by the employment of

page_text: movable partitions of metal or refactory earth in order to divide the
combustible into horizontal slices in the direction of the inclined plane
of the grate, in order to facilitate its lighting and to render its descent as
regular as possible throughout the breadth of the grate; 5thly, by the
employment as a large grate of a grate d2, Figure 1, composed of
transverse bars arranged so as to support one another in the form of
a venetian blind with. a curved or straight surface. The empty space
between each bar is about the width of from 4 to 6 millemetres.
The beam de Figure 1 is open worked, and the whole is supported by
the arm G. The bars can be of thin metal called hoop iron, and
arranged with an open worked beam d³, see Figures 1bis, 1', and 15.
•
The Action of the Furnace.-In order to light the furnace the necessary
quantity of dry wood is placed upon the little grate e³, upon which the
residues or scoriae collect, then through the hopper a², coal or other
mineral combustible is introduced until the grate is filled from the
bottom to the top. The door of the hopper is then closed by means of
the obturator, the passage of the air across the upper half of the large
grate is cut and the wood is lighted in the empty space f* which exists
between the two grates, this space is closed. by one or several movable
traps. When the upper part of the grate is lighted, the obturator is
opened just enough to feed this part of the grate sufficiently with air.
When the reverberatory panel g' has attained a red heat the coal distils
in proportion as it reaches the head of the grate and passes into the state
of coke it then descends by its own weight and by the aid of a special
tool or pusher, and then fresh fuel is added; the coke is gradually pushed
until it reaches the little grate where the burning is completed. The
scoriae accumulated upon the little grate are removed by means of a
hook which causes it to fall into the cinder receptacle h with a water
surface for cooling, opening for this purpose the trap which closes the
passage f. To stir the grate, a hook of the form x¹ Figure 16 is
employed; and to cleanse it a hook shaped tool ² Figure 17 is made use
of.
'
Tubular Grate with Water Circulation.-Figures 12, 12his, and 13,
Sheet 2. This arrangement is advantageous for the generating furnaces
of steamboats; the water penetrates into the upper collector C, or the
lower one B, and proceeds out warm at the other end of the collector.
The grate tubes d² are curved in order to obtain the suitable angles of.
R

page_text: inclination from the base.to the top, they are very near to one another
and attached at their extremities to the collectors A¹, B¹, by the aid of
binding screws. Armatures Gunite the two collectors at each side in
order to prevent any deformation. A cross rod E¹ carries the partitions
which serve to preserve the desired separation between the tubes.
Stanchions Gunite the armatures of the grate to the armatures of
envelope of the generator in order to support the lower part of the grate.
His an obturator with the double purpose of serving to close the cinder
box during the stopping, or the upper part of the grate during the
lighting. The grate tubes are stirred with the toothed tool > shewn in
Figure 18. The inclined plane of the tubes facilitates in each of them
a very active double current through the difference of density of the
liquid, the least warm water descends the length of the lower semi-
circumference of the tube which is opposite to the cinder box in
proportion as the water heated by the contact of the semi-circumference
which is opposite to the furnace rises by virtue of its difference of
density. Figure 12 bis shows a marine hearth in which each grate tube a³
describes a semi-circumferential curve in order to attach itself to the
lower collector B. The advantages accruing from the employment of
this tubular grate for the circulation of water are to absorb more beat
to avoid the adherence of hammer slag, and to maintain the tubes at an
equal temperature.
Smoke Consuming Furnace for Vegetable Combustibles, (Figures 14
and 15. In order to employ wood or other vegetable as a combustible, I
adopt an improved arrangement of furnace which permits of the wood
becoming completely dried in proportion to its introduction into the
furnace and before its combustion, and to regularly feed the furnace
without intermittence in the production of the heat. The introduction
of the combustible is effected by the door A³, Figure 15, and dries
gradually in a basket B³ before arriving in the combustion furnace C³,
when it spreads upon the grate D' composed of straight or curved bars..
At Es is the beam of the lower part of the grate; at F³ is the movable
beam of the upper part of the grate. It bears by its ends upon
square supports. A door G³ seems to regulate the arrival of the air in
the furnace and in the cinder box K³. At H³ are the vaulted conduits
through which the products of combustion proceed from the furnace C³,
into the reverberatory combustion chamber I³. An opening J³ is
reserved for the extraction of the cylinders which accumulate in the

page_text: bottom of the combustion chamber I³. At L' is a movable metal plat
form to cover and close the channel K³ in front of the furnace, in order
to prevent all passage of air when the door G³ is closed. For lighting
the furnace, C³ and the basket B' are filled with vegetable combustibles
made very dry. When this dry combustible, which at first fills the
furnace, diminishes in volume in burning, the vegetable combustible
intended to be used for the normal heating of the furnace is introduced
in proportion through the door A³, so that the basket B³ may be always
full to the top. The damp fuel as it descends dries under the action,
gradually becoming more and more intense of the heat from the furnace,
and arrives dry at the centre of combustion. The combustible gases
which they contain distil gradually, and become inflamed on coming into
contact with the current of air proceeding from the door G³ which
regulates its arrival. This door serves also to intercept the passage of
the air during the stoppages. The charcoal which results from the dis-
tillation of the combustible collects upon the grate D³, where it is burned
in contact with the air passing through the bars. The products of com-
bustion proceeding from the' furnace C³ pass through the conduits H³
into the chimney I³, where the gases finish burning before becoming
cooled by contact with the surfaces to be heated, boilers, or other appa-
ratus. To lower the fire, the beam F without supports is pulled with a
hook, and the bars, deprived of their support above, fall to the bottom of
the cinder box with the fuel. The incandescent fuel is extinguished by
water, and the smoke or vapours resulting from this extinction are drawn
by the draught of the chimney towards the combustion chamber I³. This
furnace produces great regularity, important economy, complete con-
sumption of smoke, and perfect utilization of vegetable fuel.
Such is the description of the improvements which I have effected in
my rational system of inexplosible steam generators with multiple cir-
culation, and I declare that I claim as my Invention,--
First. The general construction and arrangement of non-explosible
steam generators with multiple circulation, substantially as herein-before
described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The double elements or communicating vessels A with their
uniting boxes A¹, and their combination with the collectors B and C,
and the divider tube D, as described and shown in Figures 1, 2, 8, 9, 10,

page_text: Thirdly. The graduated feeding cock F with its rose or mouth piece,
as described and shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4.
Fourthly. The feeding regulator Z with permanent action, as described
and shown in Figures, 2 and 5.
Fifthly. The automatic spring regulator R for the register of the t
chimney, as described and shown with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
Sixthly. The steam purifier Y with centrifugal action, as described
and shown in Figures 6 and 7.
:
Seventhly. The Venetian blind-formed grate, as described and shown
in Figures 1, 1bis, 1', 15, and 2.
Eighthly. The tubular grate with water circulation, as described and
shown in Figures 12, 12bi³, and 13.
Ninthly. The furnace for mineral combustibles, as described and
shown in Figures 1, 1ª, and 2.
And, tenthly. The furnace for vegetable combustibles, as described 1
and shown in Figures 14 and 15.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julien François Belleville, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD,
Ingenieur Civil,
J. F. BELLEVILLE. (L.S.)
23, Boulevard de Strasbourg,
Paris.