IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRUSHES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard John Cole, of No. 21, Chepstow Villas
West, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRUSHES."
Sealed the 19th February 1861, and dated the 23rd August 1860..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard John Cole
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, 'with, his Petition, on
the 23rd August 1860..
I, RICHARD JOHN COLE, of No. 21, Chepstow Villas West, Bayswater, in
the County. of Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention. for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRUSHES," to be as
follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to the ornamentation of head, clothes,
and other such like brushes, which I propose forming of wood, ivory, papier
machê, horn, vulcanite, or other suitable material, and' of various devices, such
as crowns, coronets, and other heraldic or armorial devices, religious and other
symbols or emblems, antient or modern architectural ornaments, leaves,
flowers, or fruit, and ornamentation generally, to be either carved, pressed, or
embossed.
The second part of my Invention consists in forming the handles of brushes*

page_text: either in whalebone, vulcanite; papier machê, pressed horn, or other hard
flexible material, the same being distinct from the body or back of the brush,
and of such device as to correspond with, the ornamentation on the backs,
such as foliated backs with intwined rustic handles; or, in some cases, where
the device will not permit of such ornamented character of handle, I.use plain
shaped handles, which, for the sake of flexibility, are to be made. in pieces,
joints, or rings, kept or secured together by a metallic, spiral, or other spring,
⚫ or a stem of caoutchouc passed through the centre thereof of a tubular form,
having a small steel rod in its interior, so that when in use they shall yield
slightly to any pressure of the hand. These handles are adaptable to any
ordinary description of brush, and may be attached or detached as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard John Cole in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd-February-1861...
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
JOHN COLE, of No. 21, Chepstow Villas West, Bayswater, in the County of
Middlesex, Esquire, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me;
the said Richard John Cole, Her special-licence that I, the said Richard
John Cole, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or .such others as I,
the said Richard John Cole, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an--Invention for "-IM-
PROVEMENTS IN, THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRUSHES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Richard John Cole, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar,
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard John Cole, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and, by the
following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of head, clothes; and other such
like fancy brushes by ornamenting them externally in a manner not hitherto
adopted for the same purpose; also to the ornamenting of the handles of said
brushes, at the same time rendering them flexible, so as to yield slightly to
any pressure of the hand.
In order that my said Invention may be more fully understood, I now
proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, as follows:-
...
In the manufacture of head, clothes, or other such like fancy. brushes, I
employ wood, ivory, papier maché, horn, vulcanite, ebonite, or other suitable
material, and form such materials of various devices, such as crowns, coronets,
and other heraldic or armorial devices, religious and other symbols or
emblems, ancient or modern architectural ornaments, leaves, flowers, or fruit,
and ornamentation generally, to be either carved, pressed, or embossed, and
placed on the backs of the brushes.
Another feature in my Invention is forming the handles of such brushes
either in whalebone, vulcanite, ebouite, papier maché, pressed horn, or other
hard flexible material, the same being either attached to or separate from the
body or back of the brush, and of such devices as to correspond with the
ornamentation on the backs, such as foliated backs, with intwined rustic
handles; or, in some cases, where the device will not permit of such orna-
mented character of handle, I use plain shaped handles, which, for the sake
of flexibility, are to be made in pieces, joints, or rings, kept or secured
together by a metallic, spiral, or other spring, or a stem of caoutchouc passed
through the centre thereof of a tubular form, having a small steel rod in its
interior, so that when in use they shall yield slightly to any pressure of the
hand. These handles are adaptable to any ordinary description of brush, and
may be attached or detached as required.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention for "Improvements
in the Construction of Brushes," and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, I would remark, in conclusion, that I do not confine myself to any.
particular style of ornament herein mentioned, as various devices may be used
for the same purpose, nor to the material to be used for attaining the desired
object; but what I claim as my Invention intended to be secured to me by

page_text: the herein in part recited Letters Patent is, the constructing and ornamenting
of brushes, in the manner herein described for 'the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard John Cole, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
ALEXⓇ. PRINCE,
Agent for Patents,
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.
R. J. COLE. (L.S.)