IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES FOR TRAMWAYS WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John William Hartley of Stoke on Trent Engineer for
an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES FOR TRAMWAYS WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John William Hartley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th December 1883.
JOHN WILLIAM HARTLEY of Stoke on Trent, Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCOMOTIVES FOR TRAMWAYS WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE TO
OTHER PURPOSES
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in locomotives for tramways
which improvements are more especially applicable to locomotives for narrow gauge
and street tramways but are also partly applicable to other purposes
The first part of my invention relates to a novel form of vertical boiler whereby
I combine many of the advantages of an ordinary locomotive boiler in a boiler of
the vertical type To effect this I carry up one or more tubes from the crown of the
fire box of a vertical boiler through the top of the boiler. Such tube or tubes are
enclosed in an outer tube carried from the crown of the fire box up to or through
the top of the boiler which outer tube is filled with water thus protecting the inner
tubes and preventing their being burnt through
Fixed above the inner and outer tubes is a suitable receiver connected both with
the outer tube and the boiler. I feed the water into the inner tubes whence it
passes (preferably through a weighted valve) to the lower portion of the boiler
For the purpose of cleaning the inner tubes suitable hand holes are made therein
which are accessible through the ordinary man hole of the boiler I may also carry
up the inner and outer tubes outside instead of inside the boiler and connect them
with a lateral branch out of the fire box and in this case the boiler may be of any
type
My second improvement relates to the driving gear of such locomotives and
consists in mounting upon one of the axles a spur wheel which gears into a spur
wheel mounted on the top motor shaft which shaft carries a second spur wheel which
engages with a wheel mounted upon the second motor shaft By revolving this

page_text: latter shaft at a higher velocity than the first I exhaust the steam from the driving
cylinder of such first shaft into the driving cylinder of the second shaft and I can
thus when desired work the engines compound without materially increasing the
diameter of the low pressure cylinder. I am also enabled to use longer bearings
Or instead of the arrangement already described I may gear the wheel on the
second motor shaft into the spur wheel on the opposite driving axle whereby the
engine will run equally well either backward or forward
To prevent jolting when the action of the engine tends to raise the frame I fix
additional springs beneath the bearings of the driving axles
My third improvement has for its object to render the escape of the exhaust
steam noiseless and invisible
.
To effect this I turn such steam into a circular tube which passes round the
inside of the fire box and thence up through the tube into the chimney-A series
of conical deflecting surfaces are formed inside such tube whereby the steam is
made to impinge against a flat metallic surface thus depositing all aqueous
particles and when thus dried and superheated the steam passes away invisibly
When superheating the steam I so arrange the exhaust tubes that I can turn it
into the feed water tank and when this is heated until it will no further condense
the steam I pass the steam through the superheater thus effecting a considerable
economy in fuel
In disposing of the steam by condensation I pass the steam first into a tank
fitted with a series of tubes so arranged that the atmosphere can freely circulate
therein and so reduce the heat. I then take the steam that remains uncondensed
into another tank also fitted with tubes covered with water I then deliver the
steam under the water either through a series of small tubes or by a perforated
tube in the ordinary manner and in order to fully the heat I draw atmospheric air
through the tubes in the first tank and deliver it under the grate bars in the fire
box thus inducing rapidity of combustion

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said John William Hartley in
the Patent Office on the 1st July 1884.
JOHN WILLIAM HARTLEY of Stoke-on-Trent Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCOMOTIVES FOR TRAMWAYS WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE TO
OTHER PURPOSES
This Invention has for its object improvements in locomotives for tramways
which improvements are more especially applicable to lcomotives [sic] for narrow
guage and street railways but are also applicable or partly applicable to portable
traction and stationary engines and steam cranes and other similar purposes
My first improvement relates to an improved form of boiler whereby I gain
many of the advantages of the ordinary locomotive boiler in a boiler of the vertical
type as shewn at Fig 1 which is a sectional elevation of a boiler with my
improvements applied thereto-To effect this I carry up one or more tubes X from
the crown of the fire box of a vertical boiler through the top of the boiler in the
usual manner and I enclose these tubes on a cylindrical shells whereby they are
isolated from the lower steam space h¹-The heated gases pass through these tubes
and the cylinder 8 is filled with water to the top-The upper portion of the
cylinder I perforate with holes a to allow the steam to pass into an outer annular
space d-Below such perforations a I drill holes b so as to provide for the back
flow of the water to the top of the fire box I connect these lower apertures b by
means of channelled plates e as shewn (or by tubes if preferred) so that the water
in the lower portion of the annular space d may return to the crown of the fire
box Fig 2 is a section at the top of the annular space taken on the line C, C,
Fig 3 is a section at the bottom of the annular space taken on the line D D I
fix the water level in the upper annular space & above the tubes as shewn whereby
when such space is filled with water the tubes are always submerged and are
thus protected from injury by the heated gases In order to provide for the
overflow of the water from the upper to the lower part of the boiler I fix an
overflow tube t at the water level in the upper annular space through which tube
the water when forced into the upper part of the boiler may overflow into the
lower part the water level being fixed at f in such lower part and I connect the
steam space in the annular ring & with the steam space in the boiler shell below h
by a tube k
A further improvement consists in an arrangement which allows of the upper
and lower portions of the boiler being readily worked at different pressures when
desirable as for instance in the boiler of a stationary engine as I am thereby
enabled to carry a higher pressure in one portion of the boiler than in the other
To effect this I fit the connecting tube k and the outflow pipet each with a stop cock
as shewn in the drawings at Fig 6 such stop cocks being marked therein k¹ t¹ By
means of these stop cocks the communication between the upper and lower portions
of the boiler can be readily cut off thus allowing of one portion being worked at a
different pressure to the other
Or I may employ a modification of this arrangement which consists in fitting
the connecting tube k with a reducing valve v so as to regulate the relative steam
pressure in the upper and lower portions of the boiler as desired and when such
reducing valve is in operation I cut off the communication through the overflow
tube t by means of the stop cock t A detail view of this arrangement is given
at Figure 6 in sectional elevation I provide suitable man holes at j and r to
allow of the top of the fire box and the lower part of the tubes being cleaned-If
desired I provide an additional man hole at m so as to clean the tubes and obtain
access to the interior of the cylindrical shell 8
A further improvement relates to rendering the escape of the exhaust steam
invisible and noiseless For this purpose I fix in the fire box a tube u shewn in
plan at Fig 5 and in sectional elevation at Fig 1. This tube is fitted internally

page_text: with a series of deflecting plates which serve to continually divert the steam
whereby it impinges directly against the next succeeding plate on its passage to
the chimney. By this means the moisture is readily deposited and superheated and
the escape of the exhaust steam is thus rendered invisible and noiseless-
A modification of this arrangement consists in carrying the tube round the top of
the fire box on the underside of the crown or I may fix it entirely in a large central
tube n and instead of conveying the exhaust steam into it through the side of the
fire box as shewn in Fig 5 I may convey it by a central tube down the centre of
the deflecting tube and pass it upwards through the deflecting surfaces into the
chimney
A further improvement relates to disposing of the steam by condensation and
consists in passing the exhaust steam immediately after leaving the cylinders into
a tank z fitted with a number of small tubes 2¹ through which the atmosphere is
allowed to pass freely or is drawn through by a fan or any other suitable
mechanical means and so becomes heated. This arrangement is illustrated at
Figs 7 and 8-Fig 7 is a sectional elevation of the tank wherein z is the tank
the air tubes 22 the steam space z³ the air space 21 the tube for conveying air
to furnace the steam inlet and 2 the steam outlet. Fig 8 is a sectional plan
taken through the air tubes The air when thus heated is passed under the grate
bars and through the fire-Thus the heat extracted from the exhaust steam is
utilised to increase combustion and economise fuel After passing the exhaust
steam through the tank containing these tubes I discharge the remaining
uncondensed steam under water in another tank by means of a perforated tube or
a number of small tubes in the usual manner thus completing the condensation
Having thus described the nature of my invention I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein before described as the same
admit of modification without departing from the essential features of my invention
What I claim as novel and of my invention in the construction of locomotives is
1atly Isolating the tubes in a vertical boiler from the steam space so that while
passing directly through such steam space the tubes are effectually protected from
injury substantially in the manner herein before described and shewn
2ndly Fitting the overflow and connecting tubes with stop cocks or with a stop
cock and reducing valve so as to work the boiler at two different pressures
simultaneously substantially in the manner herein before specified and shewn
3rdly Fitting the tubes arranged in the fire boxes or uptakes of boilers with
deflecting plates for the purpose of superheating and rendering the escape of the
steam invisible and noiseless substantially in the manner hereinbefore specified and
shewn
4thly Providing a tank fitted with a suitable number of air tubes of any convenient
size through which atmospheric air is drawn or forced so as to heat the same by
abstracting heat from the exhaust steam and which heated air is afterwards passed
through the fire all substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated
In Witness whereof I the said John William Hartley have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty seventh day of June in the Year of Our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
TANY
JOHN WILLIAM DARILEY.
(L.S.)