Improvements in Machinery for Manufacturing Tubular Rivets, Lacing Studs, and the like.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Manufacturing Tubular Rivets,
Lacing Studs, and the like.
We BARTOLO LEOPOLD DAUBIGNE of Boston Massachusetts United States of
America now residing at Knowle Warwickshire Manufacturer and GEORGE
GAYFORD LUSHER of 2 Chapinan Road Small Heath, Birmingham, Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of our said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR MANUFACTURING TUBULAR RIVETS, LACING STUDS AND THE LIKE, to be as
follows:-
Our Improvements relate to Machinery for Manufacturing Tubular Rivets Lacing
Studs and Articles of this class from suitable blanks of solid metal prepared on
separate machinery.
The blanks for lacing studs are cylindrical in their longitudinal direction but of
two diameters the smaller being that of the shank the larger that of the head of
the stud; the end of the larger diameter is spheroidal. The stud is completed by
drilling the shank in its longitudinal direction and by cutting a circumferential
groove in the head leaving a neck; this neck may be either on the same axial line
of the shank or excentric to it and to any degree within the circumference of the
bead.
That the distinctive features of our improvements may be clearly understood
reference is made to the accompanying drawings which show the various parts of
the machine that are believed to be novel or that have novel devices.
Fig. 1. is a transverse elevation showing the receptacle for holding the blanks,
the feeding appliances, the holding jaws, actuating parts and locking devices and
also section of frame upon which the various parts are mounted.
Fig. 2. Section through holding jaws.
Fig. 3. Plan of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4. Longitudinal elevation of parts shewn in Fig. 1.
Figs. 5, 6 and 7. Details of receptacle for holding blanks.
Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11. Details of cutter-head.
Figs. 12 and 13. Sheet 2 are plan and elevation in outline of the general
arrangement of the various parts.
A. Fixed receptacle for holding the blanks.

page_text: of blanks that have previously lodged therein, in any position other than the
correct one.
The partition and its attachments have a reciprocating motion imparted to them
by the system of levers C¹ acting upon slides in the sides of the receptacle; these
slides are connected by a bar across the top of the receptacle as shewn in Figs. 1, 6
and 7.
To this vertical partition is attached a pronged piece C which is of such outline
that it will pass over the heads of the blanks when in their correct positions in the
channel.
This pronged piece is pivoted at one end, the other end being acted upon by a
spring for a part of each reciprocating movement, it is forced into the channel B
and is lifted out of the channel by being drawn over a guard piece or bar fixed in
the bottom of the receiver at its lowest point, but across and above the channel B.
The extent of these movements is regulated by an adjusted or adjustable stop.
These attachments are shown in Fig. 6 which is a partial longitudinal vertical
section of the receiver. The guide way D is a double cut channel corresponding in
cross section to B and is interposed between B and the feeding devices.
The feeding devices are, a pivoted lever E, a supporting lever F and feeding
fingers G and G¹; the lever E is moved in one direction by the lever J and in the
other direction by a spring and in such a manner as to allow at the right time one
blank to pass out of the guide way into the curved seating at the end of F.
The jaws K are mounted together with their actuating parts on slide 6; these
jaws have equal movement to and from a common centre, being actuated by the
levers L and M and it is to be noted that the final motion of closing the jaws
leaves the roller at one end of the lever M in a slightly curved recess but of
sufficient curvature to lock the jaws against the effect of any jar or vibration
of the machine.
At the back of jaws K is table 5 which has an adjustable transverse movement
to regulate the degree of eccentricity of the neck relative to the shank; this
table carries slide 6 to which the jaws K their mountings and actuating parts
are fixed; this slide has a longitudinal movement and is surmounted by slide 7 on
which the drill-spindle 9 is mounted. Slide 7 has an independent longitudinal
movement but also partakes of the motion of slide 6. The drill-spindle revolves
in the exact axial line of the shank of the stud.
•
The revolving tubular spindle O with cutter head fixed on one end thereof, is
mounted on fixed bearings in front of the holding jaws K. The axial line of this
spindle is parallel with the line of the drill-spindle but may be, for reasons hereafter
stated, more or less eccentric to it.
Within the tubular spindle O there is an adjustable fixed stop P, against which
the head of the blank is pressed before the final closing of the jaws upon the shank.
The cutter head T. Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 combines several distinctive
features. Two cutters are used which are placed on each side of the central line at
equal distances from the centre and have equal movement to and from the centre.
The levers V and their mountings and the springs W (all in duplicate) acting in
conjunction to impart motion to the cutters are all in balance and it will be seen
that by this arrangement the head as a whole will at all times be in perfect balance
quite irrespective of the radial position of the cutters. The adjustment of the
cutters to the different radii is effected by appliances external to the cutter-spindle
and by this arrangement the central orifice of the spindle is free for the stop-
spindle P.
Figs. 12 and 13 Sheet 2 show the general arrangement of the various parts and
their relative positions. Parts of the actuating levers and connecting rods are
shewn but as the various cams that give the different motions are not a part of our
invention they are for obvious reasons omitted.
The sucessive steps that lead to this production are as follows:-
While the vertical transverse partition is at the bottom of the incline, blanks are
placed promiscuously in the body of the receiver; the motion of the partition from

page_text: the position stated pushes the blanks up the incline and at the same time draws
the prong piece off the guard plate and its forward end is pressed by a spring
into the channel B and in its continued movement the channel is cleared of blanks
that have previously lodged irregularly therein.
On the return motion, if the first blank or a continued series of them fall into
the channel correctly they will pass under the guard plate out of the receiver
into the guide way D and down to the feeding appliances.
At the right time in the cycle of movements the lever E is moved and in such a
manner as to let one blank pass out of the guide way into the curved seating at
the lower end of F.
While the blank is supported in this position the feeding fingers G and G₁ seize
it by the ends and are moved down to a position between the jaws K which are
then partially closed around the shank. The feeding fingers then relax their hold
and are returned to their first position.
When the jaws K receive the blank, slide 6, upon which the jaws are mounted
has a forward longitudinal movement imparted to it; by this movement the
spheroidal head of the blank is pressed firmly against the stop P and by the
sume motion the shoulder of the blank is pressed against the face of the jaws K
which are then tightly closed around the shank.
Whilst the blank is held in the jaws K. there are two simultaneous operations.
On the one side of the jaws K the drill is moved forward and drills the shank,
making it tubular. At the same time on the other side of the jaws the cutters
that encircle the head of the blank are so acted upon whilst revolving as to cause
them to move at right angles to and towards the axial line of their revolution
thereby making a circumferential groove in the head of the blank, the uncut
portion at the bottom of the groove forming a cylindrical neck.
If the axial line of this cutter head spindle exactly corresponds to that of the
drill-spindle the neck will be central, but if on a parallel line with the drill spindle
but eccentric to it, then the neck will have a corresponding eccentricity relative to
the shank, but in every case the neck will be truly cylindrical.
To complete these successive steps, the drill spindle is moved back from the
holding jaws, the cutting tools are moved outwards until the cutting edges have a
radius exceeding that of the head of the blank, the holding jaws together with
their actuating parts and mountings are moved back from the stop P, the jaws are
opened and the contiguous devices N discharge the completed stud.
All the various steps described are performed and repeated without manipulation.
In the arrangement herein described and shewn for effecting the various
operations the cutter spindle revolves in fixed bearings while the holding jaws
and drill spindle are mounted on a compound slide admitting of both transverse
and longitudinal movements, but we find that it is practicable to have the
mounting of holding jaws and bearings of drill-spindle fixed giving the two
motions to the mounting of the cutter-head spindle. We have also found it
practicable to have an automatic transverse motion of the holding jaws and
drill-spindle simultaneous with the cutting of the groove to form the neck.
We do not therefore confine ourselves to the particular arrangement shewn and
described, as either of the arrangements named but not shewn may be used without
departing from the distinctive features of our invention; but in every case the
cutting tools in the cutter-head must while cutting have a continually decreasing
radius.
:

page_text: and is lifted out of the channel by being drawn over a guard-piece or bar g, fixed
in the bottom of the receiver at its lowest point but across and above the
channel B. The extent of these movements is regulated by an adjusted or
adjustable stop h.
These attachments are shewn in Fig. C. which is a partial longitudinal vertical
section of the receiver on line a b.
The guide way D is a double cut channel corresponding in cross-section to B, and
is interposed between B and the feeding devices.
The feeding devices are, a pivoted lever E, a supporting lever F and feeding
fingers G and G¹. The lever E is moved in one direction by a pin attached to the
device H and in the other by a spring and in such a manner as to allow one blank
to pass out of the guide-way into the curved seating at the end of F.
The lever F is fixed on the same axis as lever J and is moved in one direction
by the projection H¹ on the slide H which presses against J and in the other
direction by a spring acting on lever J.
The feeding finger G is a flat plate attached at the top to the slide G³ and
has at its lower end a small spherical recess. It is actuated in its downward
motion by the lever I and is raised by the helical springs G³. G is a thin steel
plate having a pointed end turned towards and immediately opposite the spherical
recess in the lower end of G, and a spring attached to it at the top presses against
a small stop on the back of G, above the recess. It is fixed to a piece pivoted at the
back of G and partaking of the upward and downward motion of G and is moved
towards it by the downward motion of H. The blank is held between the pointed
end of G¹ and the recess in the end of G as shewn in Fig. 7¹
The jaws K. are mounted together with their actuating parts on slide 6; these
jawa have an equal movement to and from a common centre, being actuated by the
levers L and M, and it is to be noted that the final motion of closing the jaws
leaves the roller at one end of the lever M in a slightly curved recess, but of
sufficient curvature to lock the jaws against the effect of any jar or vibration of
the machine.
The springs N N are fixed to the stand at the back of the jaws but do not
partake of their motion, the opening between these springs being sufficiently large
to admit the small end of the blank without coming in contact with it.
At the back of jaws K is table 5 which has an adjustable transverse movement
to regulate the degree of eccentricity of the neck relative to the shank; this table
carries slide 6, to which the jaws K, their mountings and actuating parts are fixed;
this slide has a longitudinal movement and is surmounted by slide 7, on which the
drill-spindle 9 is mounted. Slide 7 has an independent longitudinal movement
but also partakes of the motion of slide 6. The drill spindle revolves in the exact
axial line of the shank of the stud.
The revolving tubular spindle O, with cutter-head fixed on one end thereof is
mounted on fixed bearings in front of the holding jaws K. The axial line of this
spindle is parallel with the line of the drill spindle but may be, for reasons here-
after stated, more or less eccentric to it.
Within the tubular spindle O there is an adjustable fixed stop P against which
the head of the blank is pressed before the final closing of the jaws upon the
shank.
The cutter-head T Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 combines several distinctive'
features. Two cutters are used which are placed on each side of the central line
and at equal distances from the centre.
The levers V and their mountings and the springs W (all in duplicate) acting in
conjunction to impart motion to the cutters are all in balance and it will be seen
that by this arrangement, the head as a whole will at all times be in perfect
balance quite irrespective of the radial position of the cutters. The adjustment of the
cutters to the different radii, is effected by appliances external to the cutter-spindle,
and by this arrangement the central orifice of the spindle is free for the stop-
enindle P

page_text: Figs. 12 and 13, Sheet 2 show the general arrangement of the various parts and
their relative positions. Parts of the actuating levers and connecting rods are
shewn but as the various cams that give the different motions are not a part of our
invention they are for obvious reasons omitted.
The successive steps that lead to this production are as follows ;-
While the vertical transverse partition "d" is at the bottom of the incline,
blanks are placed promiscuously in the body of the receivor; the motion of the
partition "d" from the position stated pushes the blanks up the incline and at the
same time draws the prong piece C off the guard plate g, and its forward end is
pressed by a spring finto the channel B and in its continued movement the channel
is cleared of blanks that have previously lodged irregularly therein.
On the return motion if the first blank or a continued series of them fall into
the channel correctly they will pass under the guard-plate g, out of the receiver
into the guide way D and down to the feeding appliances.
At the right time in the cycle of movements, the bent lever E controlling the
passage of the blanks from the guide way D to the feeding fingers G and Ğ¹ is
moved outwards by the pin fixed in the device H, sufficiently to let one blank
pass through, and is then brought back to its original position by a spring pressing
against the back of it above the fulcrum.
The blank after passing lever E drops into the curved seating at the lower end
of lever F and while supported in this position the feeding fingers G and C¹ seize
it by the ends and the lever F is then retired by the projection H at the side
of H during its descending motion. The feeding fingers are then moved down by
a continuation of the same motion to a position between the jaws K K which
are then partially closed around the shank. The device H is then raised the feeding
fingers G and G₁ relax their hold and are raised by springs to their first position.
When the jaws K receive the blank, slide 6 upon which the jaws are mounted
has a forward longitudinal movement imparted to it; by this movement the
spheroidal head of the blauk is pressed firmly against the stop P and by the same
motion the shoulder of the blank is pressed against the face of the jaws K. which
are then tightly closed around the shank.
Whilst the blank is held in the jaws K there are two simultaneous operations.
On the one side of the jaws K the drill is moved forward and drills the shank,
making it tubular. At the same time, on the other side of the jaws, the cutters
that encircle the head of the blank are so acted upon whilst revolving, as to cause
them to move at right angles to and towards the axial line of their revolution,
thereby cutting a circumferential groove in the head of the blank, the uncut portion
at the bottom of the groove forming a cylindrical neck.
If the axial line of the cutter head spindle exactly corresponds to that of the drill
spindle the neck will be central in the stud, but if on a parallel line with the drill-
spindle but eccentric to it then the neck will have a corresponding eccentricity
relative to the shank, but in every case the neck will be truly cylindrical.
To complete these sucessive steps the drill-spindle is moved back from the
holding jaws, the cutting tools are moved outwards until the cutting edges have a
radius exceeding that of the head of the blank, the holding jaws together with
their actuating parts and mountings are moved back from the stop P, the jaws are
opened and the contiguous devices N discharge the completed stud.
All the various steps described are performed and repeated without manipulation.
In the arrangement herein described and shewn for effecting the various
operations the cutter-head spindle revolves in fixed bearings, while the holding
jaws and drill spindle are mounted on a compound slide admitting of both
transverse and longitudinal movement, but we find that it is practicable to have
the mounting of holding jaws and bearings of drill-spindle fixed giving the two
motions to the mounting of the cutter-head-spindle. We have also found it
practicable to have an automatic transverse motion of the holding jaws and drill- į
spindle simultaneous with the cutting of the groove to form the neck.

page_text: We do not therefore confine ourselves to the particular arrangement shewn and
described, as either of the two arrangements named but not shewn may be used
without departing from the distinctive features of our invention; but in every case
the cutting tools in the cutter head must while cutting have a continually
decreasing radius.
We are aware that machinery for manufacturing Tubular rivets, Lacing studs,
and the like has heretofore been used, and to such machinery per se we make no
claim.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ;-
1st In machinery for manufacturing tubular rivets, lacing studs and the like,
the inclined fixed receiver mounted with the movable partition, the pronged device
and the actuating arrangements substantially as described and shewn and for the
purposes specified.
2nd In machinery for manufacturing tubular rivets, lacing studs and the like,
the feeding devices consisting of a pivoted lever E, a supporting lever F and
feeding fingers G and G¹ and operating substantially as set forth.
3rd In machinery for manufacturing tubular rivets, lacing studs and the like,
the holding jaws each having equal motion to and from the axial line of the stud
or rivet together with their mountings and actuating parts so arranged as to give
a dual motion to the closing of the jaws and by the final motion locking thein
substantially as described and shewn and for the purposes specified.
4th In machinery for manufacturing tubular rivets, lacing studs and the like,
the discharging devices N acting in conjunction with the outward movement of
the holding jaws, substantially as described and shewn.
5th In machinery for manufacturing tubular rivets lacing studs and the like,
the adjustable fixed stop spindle arranged substantially as described and shewn and
for the purpose specified.
6th In machinery for manufacturing tubular rivets, lacing studs and the like,
the cutter-head combining two cutters, actuating devices external to the cutter-
head-spindle and so arranged as to give equal motion to the cutters to and from
the axial line of their rotation substantially as described and shewn and for the
purposes specified.
7th In machinery for manufacturing tubular rivets, lacing studs and the like,
the general arrangement and combination of the various parts, in the manner and
for the purposes specified, substantially as described and shewn.
Daind this 10th day of Tonuom 1986
J. K. KILBOURN,
Agent,