Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of India-rubber or Waterproof Textile Fibres and Fabrics.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 27th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 5th Apr.,
1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of India-rubber
or Waterproof Textile Fibres and Fabrics.
We CHARLES DREYFUS of The Clayton Aniline Company Limited, Clayton, near
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, and JAMES
ROBINSON, of the firm of Broadhurst and Company, of Bradford, Manchester,
aforesaid, Manufacturers of India-rubber Goods, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
-
Prior to our present invention the most serious objection to the use of india rubber
or waterproofed textile fibres and fabrics has been the disagreeable smell emanating
therefrom. We have discovered that this smell is produced wholly or in part by the
use of so called solvent naphtha or dissolving naphtha; these substances as they are now
met with in the trade are imperfectly purified containing such impurities as naphthaline
and other substances which leave on goods in the manufacture of which they have
been employed the disagreeable smell so well known in india rubber waterproofed
goods.
We
To prove this we have tested samples of various makes of solvent or dissolving
naphtha by taking say for example 80 volumes of the said naphtha and shaking it with
20 volumes of Sulphuric Acid at 168-170 degrees Twaddle in a stoppered graduated
glass for about five minutes and letting the mixture stand for about one hour.
found at the end of that time that the Sulphuric Acid had increased in volume by five
or even more volumes and the colour of it had become dark brown or even nearly
black thereby showing the impurities contained in such naphthas.
The solvent naphtha or dissolving naphtha can be purified so as to become free from
these impurities by methods well known to chemists and which we need not describe
further.
The purified solvent naphtha as above can be used in the manufacture of rubber goods
in the same manner as the common solvent naphtha has been used up to now, but the
goods produced by the help of such purified naphtha are free from the disagreeable
smell which the ordinary solvent naphtha hitherto used leaves in them.
The solvent naphtha of commerce contains as chief ingredients hydrocarbons of the
aromatic series such as Benzole, Toluole, Xylole, Cumole, and their homologues and
isomeres India rubber is dissolved and swelled out by any of these substances
separately or by a mixture in all proportions of these substances so as to be fit for
waterproofing purposes these hydrocarbons their homolgues and isomercs can be
prepared in a perfect state of purity by methods well known to chemists.
We can use these purified hydrocarbons as above named their homologues and
isomeres either separately or mixed in all proportions for swelling and dissolving
rubber for waterproofing purposes such goods being free from the disagreeable smell
as at present.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the chief features of our invention are-
The use of pure hydrocarbons of the aromatic series such as pure Benzole, pure
Toluole, pure Xylole, pure Cumole, their homologues and isomeres and mixtures of
the above substances in all proportions for the solution and swelling of rubber for use
in proofing to obtain goods free from disagreeable smell.
The use of purified solvent naphtha for the same purposes in connection with proofing
as the ordinary impure solvent naphtha has been used up to now to obtain goods free
from disagreeable smell so well known to exist in rubber goods at present in the
market..
Dated this 27th day of April 1889.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of India-rubber
or Waterproof Textile Fibres and Fabrics.
We, CHARLES DREYFUS, of The Clayton Aniline Company Limited, Clayton near
Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, and JAMES ROBINSON,
of the firm of Broadhurst and Company, of Bradford, Manchester aforesaid, Manu-
facturers of India Rubber Goods, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Prior to our present invention the most serious objection to the use of india rubber
or waterproofed textile fibres and fabrics has been the disagreeable smell emanating
therefrom. We have discovered that this smell is produced wholly or in part by the
use of so called solvent naphtha or dissolving naphtha; these substances as they are now
met with in the trade are imperfectly purified containing such impurities as naphtha-
line and other substances which leave on goods in the manufacture of which they
have been employed the disagreeable smell so well known in india rubber water-
proofed goods.
To prove this we have tested samples of various makes of solvent or dissolving
naphtha by taking say for example 80 volumes of the said naphtha and shaking it with
20 volumes of sulphuric acid at 168-170 degrees Twaddle in a stoppered graduated
glass for about five minutes and letting the mixture stand for about one hour. We
found at the end of that time that the sulphuric acid had increased in volume by five
or even more volumes and the colour of it had become dark brown or even nearly
black thereby showing the impurities contained in such naphthas.
The solvent naphtha or dissolving naphtha can be purified so as to become free from
these impurities by methods well known to chemists and which we need not describe
further.
The purified solvent naphtha as above is to be used in the manufacture of rubber
goods in the same manner as the common solvent naphtha has been used up to now,
but the goods produced by the help of such purified naphtha are free from the dis-
agreeable smell which the ordinary solvent naphtha hitherto used leaves in them.
The solvent naphtha of commerce contains as chief ingredients hydrocarbons of the
aromatic series such as Benzole, Toluole, Xylole, Cumole, and their homologues and
isomeres; India rubber is dissolved and swelled out by any of these substances
separately or by a mixture in all proportions of these substances so as to be fit for
waterproofing purposes; these hydrocarbons their homologues and isomeres can be
prepared in a perfect state of purity by methods well known to chemists.
We can use these purified hydrocarbons as above named, their homologues and
isomeres, either separately or mixed in all proportions for swelling and dissolving
rubber for waterproofing purposes and the goods produced by such purified hydro-
carbons are free from the disagreeable smell as at present.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the chief features of our invention
are-
The use of pure hydrocarbons of the aromatic series such as pure Benzole, pure
Toluole, pure Xylole, pure Cumole, their homologues and isomeres, or mixtures of the
above substances in all proportions for the solution and swelling of rubber for use in
proofing to obtain goods free from disagreeable smell.
The use of purified solvent naptha for the same purposes in connection with
proofing as the ordinary impure solvent naphtha has been used up to now to obtain
goods free from disagreeable smell so well known to exist in rubber goods at present
in the market.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The use and application of pure hydrocarbons of the aromatic series auch sa nura

page_text: Benzole, pure Toluole, pure Xylole, pure Cumole, their homologues and isomeres and
mixtures of the above for the solution and swelling of rubber in the manufacture of
waterproof textile fibres and fabrics for the purpose of obtaining goods free from
disagreeable smell.
2. The use and application of purified solvent naphtha instead of the impure solvent
naphtha ordinarily employed in the manufacture of waterproof goods and for the
purpose of producing goods free from disagreeable smell substantially as hereinbefore
described.
1000
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for Applicanst.