IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO- EXTRACTORS OR CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES FOR CLEANSING, DRAINING, AND DRYING SUGAR, WOOL, ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, EARTHS, COMPOSITIONS, AND FOR OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Rydill, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-
EXTRACTORS OR CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES FOR CLEANSING, DRAINING, AND DRYING
SUGAR, WOOL, ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, EARTHS, COMPOSITIONS,
AND FOR OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 13th December 1872, and dated the 10th October 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Rydill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
10th October 1872.
I, GEORGE RYDILL, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-EXTRACTORS OR CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES FOR CLEANSING,
DRAINING, AND DRYING SUGAR, WOOL, ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES,
EARTHS, COMPOSITIONS, AND FOR OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
1
My Invention has for its object to convert or make a hydro-extractor
or centrifugal machine into a draining and drying machine; also for

page_text: In case a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine is working outside
in the open air I make holes in the outer casing and allow the heated
air to pass away. Or in case a metal bow for supporting the hollow
shaft or spindle is placed across the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine the hood or cover is fixed in one or more parts, and the air or
water tube may be made stationary.
I also force hot air by means of a fan along a pipe into the open top
of the perforated drum, cage, or basket.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;
filed by the said George Rydill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th April 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
RYDILL, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said George Rydill, Her special licence that I,
the said George Rydill, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said George Rydill, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-EXTRACTORS OR
CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES FOR CLEANSING, DRAINING, AND DRYING SUGAR, WOOL,
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, EARTHS, COMPOSITIONS, AND FOR OTHER
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
George Rydill, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: requirements of driving gear for working the perforated drum, cage, or
basket containing the material to be dried at a higher rate of speed,
which hollow shaft or spindle, together with the perforated drum, cage,
or basket I prefer to work as described in my Specification dated
October 1st, 1872, No. 2886, by the direct application of steam, com-
pressed air, or water from hydraulic mains acting on a wheel, or I apply
the ordinary cog wheel, driving, or friction gear working underneath the
double or bracketed hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine for giving
rapid motion, and causing the hollow shaft or spindle carrying the per-
forated drum, cage, or basket to stand vertically, and to spin upon its
centre point like a boy's play top, requiring no support from the hollow
shaft or spindle across the top of the double or bracketed cased hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine.
Hydro-extractors or centrifugal machines are at present constructed
with a small opening at the side near the bottom of the casing to carry
off the liquid moisture only, the centrifugal force of the perforated
drum, cage, or basket causing a current of air to rise out at the top of
the hydro-extractor casing; this air is charged with moisture, and the
centrifugal force of the perforated drum, cage, or basket again draws in
the moistened air, and prevents the material from drying.
My improved Invention remedies this great evil by making hydro-
extractors or centrifugal machines with a double or hollow bracketed
casing, the inner casing being pierced with holes, which are left open or
closed by means of a slide working by a lever; this causes the liquid to
strike against the inner casing, which falls down and passes off through
an opening at the side of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine
casing. Providing the liquid is not required for re-use it is allowed to
run right away; and if required for re-use the liquid is run by a branch
pipe into a cistern placed at any convenient place near the hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine. When the liquid has been removed
as much as possible from the material in the perforated drum, cage, or
basket of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine by centrifugal force,
press the lever and remove the slide in front of the holes of the inner
casing, which allows the air to be drawn and forced through the material
placed in the perforated drum, cage, or basket, and to be passed to the
outer casing of the hydro-extractor centrifugal machine, which outer
casing is pierced with holes or air passages connected with a culvert for
the purpose of carrying away the moistened air out of the room, or to a
I

page_text: as
chimney, in order to facilitate the draught, or the air is drawn and forced
away by a fan; this causes a continual current of dry air in a room to
be drawn into the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine and carried
away, causing ventilation in the room, and enabling the material to be
dried by atmospheric air. Heated air may be formed in a room by
incans of steam, hot water, gas, or petroleum, and then serve
dry air for the material placed in the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine. When a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine has only an
outer casing it is constructed with hollow brackets projecting from the
side of the casing, which are connected with a culvert, chimney, or
fan for the purpose of carrying away the moistened air which has
been drawn and forced through the material in the drum, cage, or
basket.
When quick drying by means of hot air is required I fix on to the
top of a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine a hood or cover, which
is suspended over the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine by means
of chains and balance weights, or the same may be raised or lowered by
a slide, rack, and wheel, or swung by a crane to and from the hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine, which hood or cover is made of slicet iron
or any other suitable material, and consists of an inner and outer casing;
the outer casing of the hood or cover rests upon the outer casing of the
double cased or bracketed casing of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine, and the inner casing of the hood or cover is made so that it
clears the inside rim of the drum, cage, or basket. The hood or cover is
secured to the top of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal casing with
screws, and the hood or cover is attached to a pipe with union elbow, or
the hood or cover and pipe attached may slide within or on the outside
of a pipe or tube, like that of a telescope; this enables me to conduct
heated air produced by any convenient means direct to the material
placed in the perforated drum, cage, or basket, working in the centre of
a double or bracketed cased hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine; the
heated air is conducted along a pipe or tube down into the hood or
cover resting on the top of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine,
and is drawn through the material by the centrifugal force of the per-
forated drum, cage, or basket.
For many purposes, where pure hot air is of no particular moment,
as, for instance, extracting vegetable substances from woollen material,
I connect the hood or cover, pipe or tube, with a room heated with coal,

page_text: cinders, gas, petroleum, or to the flue of a furnace, which draws in the
heated air and the products of combustion by the centrifugal force of the
perforated drum, cage, or basket through the material to be dried in the
hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine, or the heated air may be drawn
or forced by a fan along a pipe to the hood or cover through the material
placed in the perforated drum, cage, or basket through the air passages
of the double or bracketed cased hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine
connected with a culvert, chimney, or fan.
When the hydro-extractor is required for a cleansing or washing
machine, I place a cistern below and above the hydro-extractor or
centrifugal machine, and charge the upper cistern by means of a pump
with water or soap lee or alkalies, and I convey the same by means of a
pipe to the hollow shaft or spindle carrying the drum, cage, or basket;
in the hollow shaft holes are made, also through the cone or bell, which
causes the liquid from the cistern above to fall through the hollow shaft,
and spread itself upon the material placed in the perforated drum, cage,
or basket as it is revolving at a great velocity, which liquid may run
into the cistern placed near the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine
to be pumped into the elevated cistern for re-use; or I fix in the hollow
shaft a spiral screw for the purpose of forming a vacuum and causing
the liquid in the cistern below to be drawn through the shaft, or I make
use of the hollow shaft or spindle as a lubricating cistern or chamber for
the steel footstep feeding the footstep with oil from a small opening in
its centre or at the side.
By another method of washing I bring down the hood or cover on to
the top of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine; the inner casing
of the hood comes within the inside rim of the perforated drum, cage, or
basket, so as to conduct air or liquids direct into the drum, cage, or
basket. I place round the inside casing of the hood or cover small
metal pipes, which meet at the top of the hood or cover, which are
connected with one or more pipes for conveying water or other cleansing
liquids from above the liquids falling through the small pipes upon the
material in the perforated drum, cage, or basket, acting like a shower
bath, while the material is revolving at a speed from 600 to 2000 revo-
lutions per minute.
The liquid may be re-collected and again used as many times as is
found requisite, so that this machine effectively answers the purpose of a
washing and drying machine.

page_text: In case a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine is working outside
in the open air I make holes in the outer casing and allow the heated
air to pass away. Or in case a metal bow for supporting the hollow
shaft or spindle is placed across the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine the hood or cover is fixed in one or more parts, and the air or
water tube may be made stationary.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Rydill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th April 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
RYDILL, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give.
and grant unto me, the said George Rydill, Her special licence that I,
the said George Rydill, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said George Rydill, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agreo with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-EXTRACTORS OR
CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES FOR CLEANSING, DRAINING, AND DRYING SUGAR, WOOL,
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, EARTHS, COMPOSITIONS, AND FOR OTHER
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
George Rydill, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Rydill, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My Invention has for its object to convert or make a hydro-extractor
or centrifugal machine into a draining and drying machine; also for the
purpose of a cleansing or washing machine for removing dirt, grease, or
acids from animal and vegetable substances, and for applying alkalies,
soap lee, or other cleansing agents; also for collecting and re-using the
same, so that animal and vegetable substances, earths, compositions, and
other substances are placed in a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine
in a dirty state, and become cleansed, washed, and dried ready for
removal without handling. I also take material being a mixture of
animal and vegetable substances, and steep the same in acid waters,
remove liquid moisture, and dry the same in a hydro-extractor or
centrifugal machine without removal; and these improvements in hydro-
extractors or centrifugal machines are applicable to work in connection
with the improvements in hydro-extractors or centrifugal machines
named in the Specification dated October 1st 1872, No. 2886, I therefore
make application for two Patents for really one machine, in order to
avoid complication in its parts.
My improved Invention is to make a hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine with a double casing, with an inner and an outer casing, or a
casing formed with hollow brackets projecting from the side of the
bydro-extractor or centrifugal casing, in order to form air passages to
convey from the perforated drum, cage, or basket of the hydro-extractor
or centrifugal machine moistened air which has once passed through the
material in the drum, cage, or basket, while revolving at a high rate
of speed with a view to facilitate drying operations. In the centre at
the bottom of this double or bracketed hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine I fix a hollow shaft. or spindle fitted with an internal spiral
screw supporting and carrying a drum, cage, or basket in a perpendicular
position, passing through an enlarged opening in the bottom at a centre
point, which hollow shaft or spindle rests and revolves in a cup-shaped
steel footstep placed and supported underneath the bottom. I prefer to
place a screw thread round the hollow shaft or spindle, and tap the cone
or bell and plate which carries and supports the perforated drum, cage,
or basket, in order to firmly screw the same on to the hollow shaft or

page_text: spindle, which hollow shaft or spindle is carried through the bottom of
the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine at a centre point, in order to
attach driving gear underneath. I also fix across the top of the double
or bracketed cased hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine a cast metal
bow to firmly support the top part of the hollow shaft or spindle either
in a circular form across the top, or to bend inwards, according to the
requirements of driving gear for working the perforated drum, cage, or
basket containing the material to be dried at a high rate of speed,
which hollow shaft or spindle together with the perforated drum, cage,
or basket I prefer to work as described in my Specification, dated
October 1st 1872, No. 2SS6, by the direct application of steam, com-
pressed air, or water from hydraulic mains acting on a wheel, or I apply
the ordinary cog wheel driving a friction gear working underneath the
double or bracketed hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine for giving
rapid motion, and causing the hollow shaft or spindle carrying the
perforated drum, cage, or basket to stand vertically, and to spin upon its
centre point like a boy's play top, requiring no support for the hollow
shaft or spindle across the top of the double or bracketed cased hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine.
Hydro-extractors or ccutrifugal machines are at present constructed
with a small opening at the side near the bottom of the casing to carry
off the liquid moisture only, the centrifugal force of the perforated
drum, cage, or basket causing a current of air to rise out at the top
of the hydro-extractor casing. This air is charged with moisture, and
the centrifugal force of the perforated drum, cage, or basket again draws
in the moistened air and prevents the material from drying.
My improved Invention remedies this great evil by making hydro-
extractors or centrifugal machines with a double or hollow bracketed
casing, the inner casing being pierced with holes, which are left open or
closed by means of a slide working by a lever. This causes the liquid to
strike against the inner casing, which falls down and passes off through
an opening at the side of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine
casing. Providing the liquid is not required for re-use it is allowed to
run right away, and if required for re-use the liquid is run by a branch
pipe into a cistern placed at any convenient place near the hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine. When the liquid has been removed
as much as possible from the material in the perforated drum, cage, or
basket of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine by centrifugal

page_text: force I press the lever and remove the slide in front of the holes of the
inner casing, which allows the air to be drawn and forced through the.
material placed in the perforated drum, cage, or basket, and to be passed
to the outer casing of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine, which
outer casing is pierced with holes or air passages connected with a
culvert for the purpose of carrying away the moistened air out of the
room, or to a chimney in order to facilitate the draught, or the air is
drawn and forced away by a fan. This causes a continual current of
dry air in a room to be drawn into the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine and carried away, causing ventilation in the room and enabling
the material to be dried by atmospheric air. Heated air may be formed
in a room by means of steam, hot water, fire, gas, or petroleum, and
then serve as dry air for the material placed in the hydro-extractor or
centrifugal machine. When a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine.
has only an outer casing it is constructed with hollow brackets projecting
from the side of the casing, which are connected with a culvert pipe,
chimney, or fan for the purpose of carrying away the moistened air
which has been drawn and forced through the material in the drum
force I press the lever and remove the slide in front of the holes of the
inner casing, which allows the air to be drawn and forced through the.
material placed in the perforated drum, cage, or basket, and to be passed
to the outer casing of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine, which
outer casing is pierced with holes or air passages connected with a
culvert for the purpose of carrying away the moistened air out of the
room, or to a chimney in order to facilitate the draught, or the air is
drawn and forced away by a fan. This causes a continual current of
dry air in a room to be drawn into the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine and carried away, causing ventilation in the room and enabling
the material to be dried by atmospheric air. Heated air may be formed
in a room by means of steam, hot water, fire, gas, or petroleum, and
then serve as dry air for the material placed in the hydro-extractor or
centrifugal machine. When a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine
has only an outer casing it is constructed with hollow brackets projecting
from the side of the casing, which are connected with a culvert pipe,
chimney, or fan for the purpose of carrying away the moistened air
which has been drawn and forced through the material in the drum,
cage, or basket.
When quick drying by means of hot air is required I fix on to the
top of a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine a hood or cover, which
is suspended over the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine by means
of chains or cord and balance weights, or the same may be raised or
lowered by a slide rack and wheel, or swung by a crane to and from the
hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine, which hood or cover is made of
sheet iron or any other suitable metal or material, and consists of an
inner and an outer casing. The outer casing of the hood or cover rests
upon the outer casing of the double cased or bracketed casing of the
hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine, and the inner casing of the hood
or cover is made so that it clears the inside rim of the drum, cage, or
basket. The hood or cover is secured to the top of the hydro-extractor
or centrifugal machine casing with screws, and the hood or cover is
attached to a pipe with union elbow, or the hood or cover and pipe
attached may slide within or on the outside of a pipe or tube like that
of a telescope. This enables me to conduct heated air produced by any
convenient means direct to the material placed in the perforated drum,
cage, or basket working in the centre of a double or bracketed cased
hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine. The heated air is conducted

page_text: along a pipe or tube down into the hood or cover resting on the top of
the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine, and is drawn through the
material by the centrifugal force of the perforated drum, cage, or
basket.
For many purposes where pure hot air is of no particular moment, as
for instance extracting vegetable substances from woollen material, I
connect the hood or cover, pipe or tube, with a room heated with coal,
cinders, gas, petroleum, or to the flue of a furnace which draws in the
heated air and the products of combustion by the centrifugal force of
the perforated drum, cage, or basket through the material to be dried in
the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine, or the heated air may be
drawn or forced by a fan along a pipe to the hood or cover through the
material placed in the perforated drum, cage, or basket through the air
passages of the double or bracketed cased hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine connected with a culvert, chimney, or fan.
When the hydro-extractor is required for a cleansing or washing
machine I place a cistern below and above the hydro-extractor or
centrifugal machine, and charge the upper cistern by means of a
pump with water or soap lee or alkalics, and I convey the same by
means of a pipe to the hollow shaft or spindle carrying the drum,
enge, or basket; in the hollow shaft holes are made also through the
cone or bell which causes the liquid from the cistern above to fall
through the hollow shaft and spread itself upon the material placed
in the perforated drum, cage, or basket as it is revolving at a great
velocity, which liquid may run into the cistern placed near the hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine to be pumped into the elevated
cistern for re-use; or I fix in the hollow shaft a spiral screw for
the purpose of forming a vacuum and causing the liquid in the
cistern below to be drawn through the shaft; or I make use of the
hollow shaft or spindle as a lubricating cistern or chamber for the steel
footstep, feeding the footstep with oil from a small opening in its centre
or at the side.
By another method of washing I bring down the hood or cover
on to the top of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine; the inner
casing of the hood comes within the inside rim of the perforated
drum, cage, or basket, so as to conduct air or liquids direct into the
drum, cage, or basket. I place round the inside casing of the hood
or cover small metal pipes which meet at the top of the hood or

page_text: cover, which are connected with one or more pipes for conveying
water or other cleansing liquids from above, the liquids falling through
the small pipes upon the material in the perforated drum, cage, or
basket acting like a shower bath, while the material is revolving at
a speed from 600 to 2000 revolutions per minute.
The liquid may be re-collected and again used as many times as is
found requisite, so that this machine effectively answers the purpose of
a washing and drying machine.
In case a hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine is working outside
in the open air, I make holes in the outer casing and allow the heated
air to pass away. Or in case a metal bow for supporting the hollow
shaft or spindle is placed across the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine the hood or cover is fixed in one or more parts and the air or
water tube may be made stationary. I also force hot air by means of a
fan along a pipe into the open top of the perforated drum, cage, or
basket.
The machine in which these improvements are or may be carried out
is shewn on the annexed Sheets of Drawings.
Fig. 1, on Sheet 1, represents a sectional elevation of an hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine with my Invention of improvements
shewn in connection therewith. The air passages shewn in the outer
casing of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine represents one
of my improved methods for conducting the air away either in a heated
or cold state, which may have passed through the material placed in the
drum, cage, or basket of an hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine when
attaining a high velocity, which air passages are connected with other
pipes or tubes, as circumstances require, for conducting the air to any
convenient place.
Letters A, A, mark out the top of the outer casing of the hydro-
extractor or centrifugal machine; and B, B, my Invention of improve-
ments in hollow brackets or air passages attached to the outer casing
for conducting the air forced through them by the centrifugal force
of the drum, cage, or basket along a culvert or pipe in any required
direction; C, C, shews the position of the drum, cage, or basket D,
the shaft or spindle carrying the drum, cage, or basket passing down
perpendicularly and centrally through an enlarged opening E which
terminates at-a centre point F, which shaft or spindle rests and revolves

page_text: on a steel footstep or cup-shaped block G resting on metal which is
firmly secured to the under side of the casing. H is the pulley or drum
fixed on to the shaft or spindle for the purpose of driving the perforated
drun, cage, or basket, and carrying a strap; I, I, is the rim of the brake
block; J, J, the lever and shaft for applying the brake.
Tubes or pipes marked K, K, represent two pipes or tubes working in
connection with each other, shewing another important part of this my
improved Invention for conducting air into the centre of the drum,
cage, or basket of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine while
revolving at a high rate of speed, either in a cold or heated state for
drying animal and vegetable substances, carths, and compositions; also
for conducting liquids in the material placed in the drum, cage, or basket,
as circumstances require.
L, L, is the outer casing of the hood or cover attached to the pipes
K, K, which rests on the top of the outer casing of the hydro-extractor
or centrifugal machine. M, M, shews the inner casing of the hood or
cover for conducting the hot or cold air or liquids passing through the
pipes or tubes K, K, into the centre of the drum, cage, or basket of the
hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine while revolving at a high velocity
which are conducted away by the air passages B, B. Wheels or pullies
marked N, N, N, N, N, N, are shewn to carry a chain, cord, and weight
marked 0, 0, 0, 0, to balance the hood and pipes or tubes marked K
and L, and P shews the bottom of a cistern which may contain water or
soap lee for washing the material placed in the drum, cage, or basket of
the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine. Q, Q, shews the pipes
with a stuffing box conducting the liquid into the drum, cage, or basket,
which is distributed through small pipes marked R, the whole machine
being fitted with brasses, and so constructed that it works in a firm and
steady position.
Fig. 2 on Sheet 1 is a sectional plan showing the outer casing of the
hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine marked A, A, with holes for
bolting down marked S, S, S, S, and B, B, shews the form of the air
passages in the sides of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine for
conducting the air or liquids away. C, C, dotted line, shews the
travelling circle of the perforated drum, cage, or basket.
Fig. 3 on Sheet 1 is a sectional plan shewing the outer casing A, A,
and another way of conveying the air or liquids from the hydro-extractor

page_text: or centrifugal machine marked B, B, and C, C, dotted line, shews the
circle travelled over by the perforated drum, cage, or basket.
Sheet 2, Fig. 1, is an elevation of an hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine shewing the outer casing and rim A, with the air passages B, B,
and the air pipes or tubes K, K, with hood or cover marked L and M
shewing the inner casing of the hood or cover for conducting air or
liquids into the centre of the drum, cage, or basket. The wheels or
pullies marked N, N, N, N, N, N, are shewn to carry the chain or cord
and weights 0, 0, 0, 0, which is so attached to the hood or cover so as
to balance the same. P shews the cistern also, the conducting pipe Q
passing through the tube or pipe K.
Fig. 2 on Sheet 2 is a sectional plan of the hydro-extractor or centri-
fugal machine. A, A, shews the outer casing; B, B, the air passages
with the bolting down holes S, S, S, S.
Fig. 3 on Sheet 2 is an elevation of a hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine, outer casing marked A, A, and B, B, the air passages.
Having now described my improvements in connection with the
working of hydro-extractors or centrifugal machines driven by centri-
fugal force, and the importance of such improvements for drying and
washing material, and the manner in which the same is performed, I
desire it to be understood that I claim as the Invention secured to me
by my Patent,-
First. The formation of air passages, or hollow brackets, or holes
pierced in the sides of hydro-extractors or centrifugal machines for the
purpose of conducting air or liquids away from the outer casing, by
means of pipes, tubes, tubes, or culverts, as more fully described in the
aforesaid particulars.
Second. The formation of a hood or cover with an inner and an outer
casing for conducting hot or cold air into the centre of the drum, cage,
or basket, or through a pipe assisted by a fan or blowing engine, either
into or away from the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine.
Third. The manner of washing the material and applying liquids.
Fourth. Extracting vegetable substances from woollen material by the
direct application of heated air amongst the material while revolving in
the drum, cage, or basket.
Third. The manner of washing the material and applying liquids.

page_text: Fifth. Piercing holes in the sides of the hydro-extractor or centrifugal
machine for the purpose of forming air passages.
The novelties to be secured to me are the air passages in the hydro-
extractor casing, and the means of conducting air and liquids into and
from the hydro-extractor or centrifugal machine.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Rydill have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
GEORGE RYDILL. (L.S.)