IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS AND THE APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SAME
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Winstanley and Joseph Kelly, of Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, and William Payne and John
Formby, of Liverpool, aforesaid, Ships' Ironmongers, for the Invention
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Winstanley,
Joseph Kelly, William Payne, and John Formby, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th January
1861.
We, WILLIAM WINSTANLEY and JOSEPH KELLY, of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineers, and WILLIAM PAYNE and JOHN FORMBY, of Liverpool,
aforesaid, Ships' Ironmongers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS AND THE APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SAME,"
to be as follows (that is to say):-
This Invention is chiefly adapted for ship's lift pumps, and consists in sur-
rounding the pump barrel, above the suction pipe, with an annular or other
suitably shaped chamber enclosing the pump barrel from the lower valve to
about the height of the upper part of the stroke of the lift or suction valve of
the spear rod. The lower end of the enclosed chamber is attached to the top.
of the suction pipe, the head of which is fitted with a lift valve opening into
the bottom of the chamber The pump barrel in which the suction valve

page_text: works is brought down to within a short distance of the head of the suction
pipe, and is fitted with a second lift valve, which it is in most cases preferred
to couple to the valve cover on the head of the suction pipe by an upright
spindle working into a hollow spindle, to which it is connected by an horizontal
transverse pin passing through the solid spindle, which may spring from the
top of the lower valve or from the under side of the upper lift valve. But in
some cases valves of other suitable description may be substituted for the
valves herein-before described. The ends of the transverse pin form trunnions
which work in short vertical slots through the side of the hollow spindle which
is attached to the other valve. The object of this arrangement is to allow the
upper and lower lift valves to have a limited independent action, and to allow
of both valves being withdrawn from the pump together or separate. The
lower end of the pump barrel in which the suction valve works is enlarged,
and the lower edge turned up so as to form a seat for the upper twin valve,
and an annular channel or-groove round the valve seat, into which sand or
other foreign matter may fall. The upper part of the pump column imme-
diately above the barrel in which the suction valve works, is surrounded by
an annular or other suitably shaped air chamber, the lower end of which con-
municates with the interior of the pump column by one or more suitably
shaped lateral openings.
The suction valve used differs from the common clack valve, by reason of
the valve seat upon which the clack rests when down being placed at an angle,
in place of horizontally, as now practised, and in removing the upper surface
of the body of the valve so as to form a curved channel on each side of the
jaws of the spear rod when in the barrel of the pump, to prevent sand or other
foreign matter resting on the valve seat.
The valve cover, which is of a slightly oval form, is jointed to the body of
the valve at its lowest side.
The second part of this Invention relates to the apparatus for applying the
working power to pumps, and consists of an horizontal lever rod, one end of
which is jointed to the head of the pump rod, and the other to the top of a
fixed standard or other suitable jointed bearing. This horizontal jointed
lever rod is fitted with a vertical antifriction pulley mounted on a transverse
horizontal axis, which is acted upon from the under side by a cam mounted
on an horizontal transverse driving shaft, to which the power is applied
through crank bandles or other convenient method. When the motive power
applied for working these improved pumps is obtained by the action of a wind-
inill, or from water power, it is preferred to transmit the power to the
transverse driving shaft by a worm or screw motion. The cam which acts

page_text: against the antifriction wheel is so formed that during all parts of the up
stroke it elevates the antifriction pulley at the same speed, and allows the
spear to descend by its own gravity at the completion of the up stroke.
This improved pumping apparatus may be used as a port or starboard bilge
pump, or both, either together or independently, by introducing the suction
pipe or pipes into the lower air chamber at any point above the line of the
upper of the twin valves, herein-before described, and fastening down the
lower twin valve on to its seat on the head of the main suction pipe, or by
closing the orifice on the head of the main suction pipe by a screwed cap, or
in any other convenient way.
When the apparatus is to be used as a main pump only, it is proposed to
close the bilge suction pipe or pipes by a screwed cap or caps applied from the
interior of the air chamber, access being obtained thereto through an opening
in the side of the chamber, and which orifice is provided with an air-tight
In this arrangement it might sometimes be advisable to dispense with
the upper air chainber.
This method of converting the main pump into a bilge pump would be
equally applicable to the improved pumps invented by the said William
Winstanley and Joseph Kelly, and for which they obtained Her Majesty's
Letters Patent bearing date the 30th April 1859, No. 1082.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Winstanley, Joseph Kelly, William Payne, and
John Formby, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th July 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; we, WILLIAM
WINSTANLEY and JOSEPH KELLY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers, and WILLIAM PAYNE and JOHN FORMBY, of Liverpool, aforesaid,
Ships' Ironmongers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand cight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign. did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said William Winstanley and Joseph Kelly, and William Payne and
John Formby, Her special licence that we, the said William Winstanley and
Joseph Kelly, and William Payne and John Formby, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Winstanley
and Joseph Kelly, and William Payne and John Formby, our executors,

page_text: administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS, AND THE
APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said William Winstanley and Joseph Kelly, and William Payne and
John Formby, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Winstanley and Joseph
Kelly, and William Payne and John Formby, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment (that is to say):-
This our said Invention is chiefly adapted for ships' lift pumps, and consists
in surrounding the pump barrel above the suction pipe with an annular or
other suitably shaped chamber, enclosing the pump barrel from the lower
valve to about the height of the upper part of the stroke of the lift or suction
valve of the spear rod. The lower end of the enclosed chamber we attach to
the top of the suction pipe, the head of which is fitted with a lift valve opening
into the bottom of the chamber. The pump barrel, in which the suction
valve works, is brought down to within a short distance of the head of the
suction pipe, and is fitted with a second lift valve, which in most cases we
prefer to couple to the valve cover on the head of the suction pipe by an
upright spindle working into a hollow spindle, to which it is connected by an
horizontal transverse pin passing through the solid spindle, which may spring
from the top of the lower valve, or from the under side of the upper lift valve.
But in some cases we substitute valves of other suitable descriptions for the
valves herein-before described. The ends of the transverse pin form trunnions,
which work in short vertical slots through the side of the hollow spindle which
is attached to the other valve. The object of this arrangement is to allow the
upper and lower lift valves to have a limited independent action, and to allow
of both valves being withdrawn from the pump together or separate. The
lower end of the pump barrel, in which the suction valve works is enlarged,
and the lower edge turned up, so as to form a seat for the upper twin valve

page_text: and an annular channel or groove round the valve seat, into which sand or
other foreign matter may fall. The upper part of the pump column imme
diately above the barrel in which the suction valve works is surrounded by an
annular or other suitably shaped air chamber, the lower end of which com
municates with the interior of the pump column by one or more suitably
shaped lateral openings. The suction valve differs from the common clack
valve, by reason of the valve seat upon which the clack rests when down,
being placed at an angle in place of horizontally, as now practised, and in
removing the upper surface of the body of the valve, so as to form a curved
channel on each side of the jaws of the spear rod when in the barrel of the
pump to prevent sand or other foreign matter resting on the valve seat. The
valve cover, which is of a slightly oval form, is jointed to the body of the
valve at its lowest side.
The second part of this our said Invention relates to the apparatus for
applying the working power to pumps, and consists of an horizontal lever rod,
one end of which is jointed to the head of the pump rod, and the other to the
top of a fixed standard, or other suitable jointed bearing. This horizontal
jointed lever rod is fitted with a vertical antifriction pulley mounted on a
transverse horizontal axis, which is acted upon from the under side by a cam
mounted on an horizontal transverse driving shaft, to which the power is
applied through crank handles or other convenient method. When the motive
power applied for working these our improved pumps is obtained by the
action of a windmill or from water power, we prefer to transmit the power to
the transverse driving shaft by a worm or screw motion. The cam which acts
against the antifriction wheel is so formed, that during all parts of the up
stroke it elevates the antifriction pulley at the same speed, and allows the
spear to descend by its own gravity at the completion of the up stroke.
This our said improved pumping apparatus may be used as a port or star-
board bilge pump, or both, either together or independently, by introducing
the suction pipe or pipes into the lower air chamber at any point above the
line of the upper of the twin valves, herein-before described, and fastening
down the lower twin valve on to its seat on the head of the main suction pipe,
or by closing the orifice on the head of the main suction pipe by a screwed cap.
or in any other convenient way. When the apparatus is to be used as a main
pump only it is proposed to close the bilge suction pipe or pipes by a screwed
cap or caps applied from the interior_of_the_air_chamber, access being obtained-
thereto through an opening in the side of the chamber, and which orifice is
provided with an air-tight cover. In this arrangement it might sometimes be
advisable to dispense with the upper air chamber. This method of converting

page_text: the main pump into a bilge pump would be equally applicable to the improved
pumps invented by the said William Winstanley and Joseph Kelly, and for
which they obtained Her Majesty's Letters Patent, bearing date the 80th
April 1859.
That this our said Invention may be the more readily seen and understood,
we have hereunto annexed Drawings in partial illustration of the application
of the same; like letters and figures marked thereon being used to denote
similar parts.
.. Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation, showing our mode of arranging the
pump barrel with suction chamber and air chamber when applied as a main
pump, and the dotted lines show the position of the bilge suction pipe when it is
intended to use the pump as a bilge pump, which can be done by closing the
main suction pipe by fastening down the valve cover, or by covering the top with
a screwed cover, but this part of our Invention will more readily be seen by re-
ference to Figure 2. Figure 2 is a vertical sectional elevation, showing the-mode
of converting one of our improved pumps (for which we, the said William
Winstanley and Joseph Kelly, obtained Letters Patent, bearing date the 30th
April 1859), into a pump, which may be used either as a main pump or a
bilge pump, or both at one time. By merely closing the bilge suction pipe
the pump becomes a main pump, or by closing the head of the main suction
pipe it becomes a bilge pump. Figure 3 is a partial side elevation of our
improved antifriction gear to be applied to facilitate the working of pumps
generally.
A, the working barrel; B, suction or vacuum chamber, which surrounds
the working barrel; C, air chamber, surrounding the upper portion of the
pump barrel; D, lower valve seat on the bottom of the working barrel; E,
valve seat on the head of the suction pipe; F, the suction pipe; G, shows
the position to introduce a bilge suction pipe, when it is desired to construct
the pump so that it could be used as a main or bilge pump, or both, at
pleasure. When it is intended to be used as a bilge pump only the head of
the main suction pipe must be closed by fastening down the valve cover, or
closing the orifice by a suitable cap or plug, and when it is desired to use it
as a main pump only the bilge suction pipe is to be closed, and the valve on
the head of the main suction pipe allowed to work; II (Figure 2), the
working barrel; I (Figure 2), head of main suction pipe, projecting up into
a suction or vacuum vessel, and shown closed by a screwed cover, which may
also be used to close the port of the bilge suction pipe; K, (Figure 2), screwed
port opening in the side of the vacuum chamber, for attaching the bilge suc-
tion pipe thereto; L (Figure 2), a screwed plug, in the side of the vacuum

page_text: chamber for convenience of removing foreign matter from the chamber; M
vale on the top of the vacuum chamber above the suction pipe I; N, lower
valve seat of the pump barrel H; P, discharge orifice; Q, a pump rod, (shown
broken off), which is jointed to the end of R, an horizontal lever rod working
on S, a fixed axis; T, an antifriction wheel, in contact with U, a cam, staked
on to V, an horizontal transverse driving shaft.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of our Invention, and
how we believe it may be best carried into practical effect, we wish it to be.
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details or relativo
dimensions herein-before described and set forth, as it will be readily seen that
they may be considerably varied without departing from the Invention; but
what we do claim is,-
First, the construction and use of pumps with annular or other suitably
shaped suction chambers, or air chambers, or both, surrounding the pump
barrel above the suction pipe, as herein-before described and set forth, or any
mere modification of the same.
Secondly, the construction of pumps, which are capable of being used as
main pumps, or bilge pumps, or both, as herein-before described and set forth,
or any mere modification of the same.
And, lastly, the general arrangement and combination of the various parts
herein-before described as applied to the construction of pumps, and the
apparatus for working the same, as herein-before described, or any mere
modification of the same.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Winstanley and Joseph Kelly,
and William Payne and John Formby, have hereunto set our hands
and affixed our seals this Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Vitness,
WILLIAM WALKER,
Of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.
WILLIAM (L.S.) WINSTANLEY.
JOSEPH (L.B.) KELLY.
WILLIAM (L.S.) PAYNE.
JOHN
(Ls.) FORMBY.