IMPROVE- MENTS IN TYPOGRAPHICAL AND LITHOGRAPHICAL PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 5, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TYPOGRAPHICAL AND LITHOGRAPHICAL PRINTING MACHINES." A com-
munication from Honry Vairin of Ruo Marot De
T
Sealed the 9th March 1880, and dated the 16th September 1879.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1879.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 5, Piccadilly, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPOGRAPHICAL AND LITHOGRAPHICAL
PRINTING MACHINES." A communication from Henri Voirin, of Rue Mayet, Paris,
France.
The Invention relates to certain new or improved arrangements applicable to
typographical and lithographical blank printing machines with pincers and points
and stopping-time cylinders, and consists in the combination of the said arrange-
ments with others in common use, thus constituting a new or improved machine
for typography or lithography.
It is only intended to describe here the said new or improved arrangements,
those already in common use being only referred to when brought into connection
with the new ones.
The typographical and lithographical printing machines with pincers and points
called blank machines are ordinarily worked by three workmen; the printer or
press-man, the layer, and the receiver or collector. By means of the new or
improved arrangements hereinafter described a single workman, who will be called
indifferently press-man or layer, can work the machine, and moreover its construc-
tion is simplified thereby.
The said arrangements consist:-
1st. In causing the laying table to be raised or lowered automatically and in
placing a receiving table near the layer.
These preliminary arrangements having been effected the layer lays the sheet of
paper on the laying table when the said table is in a raised position, and he takes
care to arrange the sheet so that when the tablo is lowered the edge of the sheet is
deposited on the cylinder, the pincer or nipper closes and seizes the sheet which is
drawn on by the cylinder to be printed, and the table is raised to its former

page_text: position. When the sheet is printed, the
the pincers
opened, the workman may take the sheet off the cylinder without being hindered
either by the said table or by the pincers, and he can deposit it on the receiving
table placed within his reach.
2nd. In arranging points under the laying table, which are raised and lowered
together with the table, and by means of which the proofs printed several times on
the same side of the sheet, and those printed on the obverse and reverse of the sheet
may be marked with exactitude.
3rd. In placing points in the cylinder which pinch the sheet automatically at the
first impression.
4th. In effecting the stoppage of the cylinder and the motion by which it com-
municates with the imposing stone by means of a simpler mechanism than that in
general use.
5th. In providing lithographic machines with an automatic wetting contrivance.
Having thus briefly described the said Invention I will now proceed to describe
the same more particularly, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
10
The laying table, Fig. 1, is raised from the position indicated at A to that at A
in revolving round the horizontal axis B by means of the connecting-rod C and the
balance or lever D, to which motion is imparted by means of the cam E, fixed on 2
the main shaft F, which describes a turn at each entire revolution of the machine.
In revolving with the said shaft the cam operates the roller G, the axis of which is
in the balance D, the result of which is that the balance oscillates around its axis H
and as it is connected at its end I with the connecting-rod C, the latter is raised,
lowered, or remains motionless, according as the shape of the cam is arranged to
effect the said motions or immobility. The upper end J of the said connecting-rod
raises the laying table, or lets it fall by its own weight; the said table occupies
therefore, alternately, the positions represented by the letters A and A. It may
also be placed in the vertical position shown at A", which facilitates the approach
of the cylinder when it is required to change the cloths as for a making ready.
The connecting-rod C is held and guided in its motion by a catch-shaped piece
fixed to the inside of the frame.
When the laying-table is in the position shown at A¹ the workman may place
the sheet of paper on the said table without waiting for the cylinder to stop; he is
free when it stops, and can take the preceding sheet which is printed and place it a
on the receiving table Z, Fig. 1.
The pointing arrangement consists of two parts; 1st, the part under the laying
table, which follows the said table in its rotating movement round the axis B. It
consists, Fig. 1 and 4, of an axis K extending under (the entire breadth of the
table and carrying two levers L, between which is held the square-rod M, on which
slide two point-holders which are fixed by means of adjusting screws, and allow the
position of the points to be regulated according to the size of the paper. The points
properly so called made of small round steel with a point at the upper end, cross
the table either through holes or a mortise broken off in the middle and near the
edges in order that the table may be always kept sufficiently firm. Two india-
rubber lashes N, Fig. 1 and 4, fixed underneath the table at one end, and at the
other end to each of the levers L are bent, so that on flying back again they keep
the pointing device in a position nearly parallel with the laying table.
The side of the cylinder, Fig. 2, is bored on one, and the same
generating point
which oscillates round its axis X, and carries two point-holders-slides, which are 5
fixed thereon, and regulated according to the different sizes it is desired to print.
2nd. The second part inside the cylinder, Fig. 2 and 3, consists of a square rod T,
with a series of holes x, y, through which pass the points carried by the slides
correspond with all the sizes that can be printed by the machine. The distance
between this row of holes and the edges of the cylinder must be equal to the
which slide on the rod T. The number of the said holes must be sufficient to
distance between the said edge and the line of points in the table. Two points

page_text: corresponding with the edge of the sheet and the edge of the stone cross the
cylinder, and project a little on its surface, so that the sheet is pierced with two
holes by the said points when the cylinder presses the points and the sheet on to
the stone in its rotary motion, and to prevent the said points from being broken
by the pressure a very small hole corresponding with each point is pierced near the
edges of the said stone.
What has just been said of the points of lithographic machines is equally
applicable to those of typographic machines, in which the stone is replaced by the
typographic form.
When an impression is made in several colours the workman takes the blank
sheet of paper and makes the margin with ordinary margin guides without using
the pointing arrangement under the laying table. When the steet drawn on by
the cylinder is compressed it is pierced by the two points from inside the cylinder.
When the cylinder stops the pin U fixed on the piece V, Fig. 2 and 3, abuts against
the projection z on the cam O, which is immoveable; at this moment the rod T is
lowered in revolving round its axis X, the points go back inside the cylinder, and
the printed sheet is taken to be placed in order on the table without fear of
tearing it.
A spiral spring Y holds the rod T in a raised position, in which the points are a
little in projection on the side of the cylinder.
When the first printing off is finished there is no further use for the inside point
of the cylinder. The workman takes the sheet which is to receive a second
impression and margins it on the raised table A¹, making the two holes pierced in
the sheet coincide with the two points which cross the laying table and form part
of the pointing arrangement underneath the said table. The laying table is then
lowered and the pincer closes, and the cam O, which causes the pincer to close,
moves in the direction shown by the arrow, Fig. 1. In thus moving it draws along
with it the rod Q, which abuts against a screw carried by the bent lever R, fixed
on the axis K. The result of this is that all the pointing arrangement of the table
is lowered a very little way, and when once lowered the sheet may be drawn on
by the cylinder without fear of being torn.
The rod Q being brought back by the cam O the two india-rubber lashes N
bring the points back into a raised position. The arrangement of the cam O, which
causes the pincer to close, is completed by a spring, which brings it back into the
position which causes the pincer to open. An india-rubber lash S, Fig. 1, fixed at
one end to the cam O and at the other to the frame, is substituted for the spiral
spring usually employed for this purpose. It is easier to stretch less expensive
than the spiral spring, and has, moreover, the advantage over it of acting by pulling
and not by compressing.
For the following operations of printing off, of whatever number, the process is
the same as for the second.
With a laying table which is raised up self-acting guides might be used, which,
for thick paper and certain easy marking operations, may be substituted for the
points.
The stoppage of the cylinder is effected by means of the cam a, Fig. 1, fixed on
to the main shaft, which describes a turn at cach complete revolution of the
machine. The said cam acts on a roller b, fixed on the oscillating balance c,
fulcrumed at the point d. The said balance carries also the fork or stop-tooth e.
The stoppage of the cylinder and the movement of the said stop-fork in one
direction are effected by the action of the cam a on the balance by means of the
and its movement in the other direction is brought about by the weight of
The action of the said weight and the movement caused thereby are
regulated by the shape of the cam a. This mechanism is simpler than those
ordinarily used. In order to effect the stoppage of the cylinder and the motion by
which it communicates with the imposing stone there are but two organs and their
accessories, a balance, its roller, and a single cam are all that is necessary; there is
fork
the balance.

page_text: neither spring, nor second cam, nor second roller.
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fork e on account of the great distance between the said fork and the axis d.
The wetting apparatuses are fed as follows: A vessel f, Fig. 1, containing
water is placed at the end of the machine where it remains immoveable, it is
provided inside with a brass cylinder g, which dips partly into the water and
carries a ratchet-wheel h. A wetting table i, covered with spongy cloths is fixed
to the imposing stone of the machine on the side opposite the inking table, and
A water-taker j is
follows the reciprocating motion of the said imposing stone.
placed between two levers, such as the lever k, each of them being fixed to the two
ends of the same axis l, crossing the machine. The water-taker j, covered with
velvet, cotton, or treble-milled cotton, rests on the cylinder g, and has been
previously steeped in water as well as the wetting table and wetting apparatuses
When the wetting table i approaches the water-taker an inclined plane n
meets a roller o on one of the levers k. The said inclined plane raises the roller
and consequently the water-taker j, which comes up on to the table. When the
latter comes back with its inclined plane, the water-taker comes down again on to
the cylinder g, and at the same time a catch p, on one of the levers k, opposite the
ratchet h, rotates the said ratchet, and consequently the cylinder g, the wet part of
which comes to the top and imparts a small quantity of water to the water-taker j,
which transfers it on to the wetting table when it raises the same.
m, m, m.
(),
The said motion is produced at each reciprocating motion of the imposing table,
that is to say, at each proof taken off by the machine, so that the wetting table
receives at each proof a small quantity of water which maintains its former wetness.
The said table, on coming into contact with the wetting apparatuses m, m, imparts
thereto its wetness, and the result is that they are fed automatically as long as the
machine continues to work, and they can suitably perform their function, which, as
is known, consists in wetting the lithographic stone regularly.
5
An india-rubber lash r, Fig. 3, has been substituted for the metal spring generally
used for causing the pincer q to shut; the ends of the said double lash is fixed to
and wound on the square rod t, provided with a ratchet-wheel and a catch, which
allow of stretching the lash. This arrangement is much simpler and much more
economical.
1
For typographical machines the Invention is embodied in the movements of the
laying table and of the points. As to the machinery for stopping the cylinder it
may be used at will, or the old mechanism may be kept in use.
1
To sum up, the Invention consists, 1st, in substituting to a certain extent for
the work of a man the laying table, by which the sheet to be printed previously
placed on the said table is deposited on the cylinder by means of any mechanical
process whatever; 2nd, in the layer being able to place his sheet without waiting
for the stopping of the cylinder by means of the movements of the said table and
the pointing apparatus and their immobility when in a raised position, thereby
leaving him the necessary time for setting the printed sheet in order, so that by
means of these arrangements one single person is sufficient for a typographical or
lithographical machine with a self-acting wetting apparatus; 3rd, in simplifying
the stopping of the cylinder and the movement that brings it into a position cor-
responding with that of the imposing stone, the number of the organs employed
being reduced to two and their accessories; 4th, in the automatic feeding of the
wetting apparatuses in lithographic machines.
specified in blank printing machines with pincers and points and stopping-time
The mechanical devices above described for obtaining the results hereinbefore
cylinders do not constitute the Invention; they are but one of the forms it may
take. Thus by raising the whole or part of the laying table by other means, or by
moving the points and the water-taker of lhe feeding apparatus by other organs
than those above stated, the principle of the Invention would be equally well
The advantages realised by the said new or improved arrangements consist,
1st, in reducing by two the number of workmen working the machine: 2nd, in
carried out.

page_text: avoiding the use of the strings and stretching rollor-rods thereby necessitated, the
disadvantages of the said strings consisting in their high price, in the time spent in
sewing, regulating, and replacing them, and in the different socidents they cause to
the sheets of paper, and sometimes to the characters in typographical machines
and; 3rd, in simplifying the construction of the machines.
Having thus fully described the said improvements, and the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details above enumerated, as these may obviously be modified without
departing from the principle of the Invention, but what I claim is, 1st, the
application to typographical and lithographical printing machines provided with
a laying table, rising up, of a sheet-receiver provided with a nipper or pincer, or
other which takes the sheet of paper near the edge of the cylinder in order to set
it on a table placed above the inking rollers, and giving more time for setting the
sheet in order, the layer not having to wait for the cylinder to stop, and the
printed sheet to be taken off in order to do his work; 2nd, a special and definite
moveable laying table by means of which, when applied to the top of the cylinder
of a printing machine provided with a stopping-time cylinder, the sheet may be
margined before the stoppage of the said cylinder; the whole substantially as
above described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
H. BONNEVILLE. (LS)