IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, DRYING, AND VENTILATING
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Finlayson, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, DRYING, AND VENTILATING."
Sealed the 17th May 1853, and dated the 24th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Finlayson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 24th November 1852.
I, CHARLES FINLAYSON, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, DRYING, AND
VENTILATING" to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to apparatus in which currents of air are
propelled by means of a blowing apparatus through tubes or other
channels heated by steam or by other means, the peculiar feature of
my improvements consisting in the employment of a steam engine
constituting a part of the heating apparatus, such steam engine
being used for driving the fan or other blower, and the exhaust
steam therefrom being used as the heating medium. Thus, for
instance, I connect tubes which pass through a vessel to the exit
passage of a blowing apparatus, and upon the frame which supports
this, adapt a steam engine of the rotatory or other construction, the

page_text: shaft of which drives the blower, and the exhaust pipe of which in
communication with the chamber surrounding the tubes. By this
arrangement I drive the blower direct, and obtain a heating, drying,
and ventilating apparatus on the before mentioned principle, per-
fect in itself, that is, independent of any detached motive power.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Charles Finlayson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
CHARLES FINLAYSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of November,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Charles Finlayson, Her special license that I, the said
Charles Finlayson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Charles Finlayson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might nake, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
the Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING, DRYING,
AND VENTILATING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Charles Finlayson, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Finlayson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings
(that is to say):-
My Invention refers to apparatus in which currents of air are
propelled by means of a blowing apparatus through tubes or other
channels, heated by steam or other means, the peculiar feature of
my Invention consisting in the employment of a steam engine,
which constitutes a part of the heating apparatus, such steam engine
being used for driving the fan or other blower, and the exhaust
steam therefrom being used (if desired) as the heating medium.
Thus, for instance, I connect tubes which pass through a vessel to
the exit passage of a blowing apparatus, and upon the frame
which supports this I adapt a steam engine of the rotary or other
construction, the shaft of which drives the blower and the exhaust
pipe of which is in connection with the chamber surrounding the
tubes. By this arrangement I drive the blower direct, and obtain a
heating, drying, or ventilating apparatus, on the before mentioned
principle, perfect in itself, that is, independent of any detached
motive power. The arrangement of the apparatus may be varied
according to the particular purpose to which it is to be applied and
the construction of steam engine desired to be employed; I have,
however, to this my Specification appended a Drawing, shewing one
inethod of carrying my Invention into effect, and which I will now
proceed to describe. Figure 1, is a side elevation of the apparatus
complete, and Figure 2, is a plan view of the same, the engine cover
being removed; a cylindrical chamber a, a, is provided with a num-
ber of tubes in a similar manner to heating and ventilating appa-
ratus now in common use; these tubes terminate at b, b,* at the latter
of which points they open into a narrowed chamber C, the outward
end of which is connected to the exit passage d, of an ordinary
rotary fan, enclosed within the casing e, and receiving its supply of
air through the induction passage f. The shaft of the fan is shewn
at g, turning in a step at bottom, which is carried by the frame-
work h, h, and passing through a stuffing box at its upper part into
the cylinder i, of a rotary steam engine; within this cylinder (accord-

page_text: ing to the construction shewn for example) the shaft g, carries two
hollow radial arms, j, j, the interiors of which communicate with a
hollow boss k, turning in a stuffing box 1, and communicating
therein with the steam pipe ; steam being thus admitted, will cause
the arms, as it issues therefrom, to revolve rapidly, as is well under-
stood, and thereby effect a direct rotation of the fan or blower, so
as to propel currents of air through the tubes in the vessel a, at the
same time the steam constantly rushing from the rotatory arms will
escape by the orifice m, and passing along the pipe 7, will enter the
chamber a, surround the tubes, and thus effect the required heating,
the currents of air passing off at o, to be conducted to any desired
situation. The space of the chamber a, surrounding the tubes, and
to which the steam is admitted, terminates at b, b, at which parts
therefore the steam cannot pass, but any surplus quantity or pro-
ducts of condensation will be carried off by the pipe p, to any con-
venient situation.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I
desire it to be understood, that although I have described a certain
construction of steam engine, and also a particular arrangement of
tubes and heating vessel, I make no special claims for such parts, nor
do I confine myself to the use of them only in carrying out my
Invention; that which I claim as secured to me being the adaptation
of a steam engine used exclusively for, and constituting a portion of,
a whole apparatus for heating, drying, and ventilating, upon the
principle above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Finlayson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
CHARLES FINLAYSON. (L.S.)