An Improvement in the Manufacture of Looped or Piled Carpets and Fabrics.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 4th July, 1896-Accepted, 8th Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Manufacture of Looped or Piled Carpets
and Fabrics.
We, GEORGE MATTHIAS WHITTALL, of Spring Bank, Wribbenhall, near
Bewdley, in the County of Worcester, and of Caldwall Carpet Mills, Kilder-
minster, in the County of Worcester, aforesaid, Carpet Manufacturer, and
ALBERT WEBB, of Saint Mary's Terrace, London Road, and of Copenhagen
Street, both in Worcester, in the County of Worcester, aforesaid, Carpet
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention consists of the hereindescribed improvement in the manufacture
of looped or piled carpets and fabrics when woven as described in the Specification
of the Letters Patent No. 14970 of A.D. 1894 granted to the present applicants
jointly with Francis Best Fawcett. In our said specification we have described a
method of weaving piled carpets and fabrics by which we are enabled to firmly
bind each wire or row of tufts with two shots of the weft, the cycle of the process
being completed in two rows of tufts thus making four weft shots in all for the
two rows.
The object of our present invention is to obtain a still faster bind for the pile, so
that longer pile can be used thus making a more durable and beautiful carpet or
fabric.
According to our present invention, instead of using two wires in each cycle of
four wefts as described in the specification of our said prior patent, we use only
one wire in each cycle of four wefts, that is to say, we insert a wire under the
figure warp and over the weft shot number 1 (see Fig. 4 of our said prior
specification) and we omit the wire under the figure warp and over the weft shot
numbered 3 so that the figure warp will be drawn down tightly on to the weft shot
numbered 3 in addition to passing under the weft shots number 2 and 4 and a much
firmer bind of the tufts or loops is the result.
The hook which draws the wires out of the carpet will thus only be required to
take a wire at every alternate draw. This can be accomplished by providing
means such for instance as a sliding wedge which is operated by a lever from a
revolving shaft and is so arranged that as the hook goes towards the wires for its
second draw the wedge comes against the side of the wires and pushes them back
This
from the hook as it comes in this causing the hook to miss taking the wire.
wedge shaped slide is by preference operated by a two armed lever carried by a
suitable bracket from the front of the loom and arranged underneath the lingoes
said lever being actuated by a cam on a countershaft which revolves once in every
four wefts or two draws of the hook.
As it is not required to insert a wire under the figure warp threads at the third
movement of the cycle it is not necessary to raise them higher than is sufficient
for the shuttle to pass under, which can be accomplished by making the tappet of
the proper shape.
Dated this 4th day of September 1905.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Manufacture of Looped or Piled Carpets
and Fabrics.
We, GEORGE MATTHIAS WHITTALL, of Spring Bank, Wribbeahall, near
Bewdley, in the County of Worcester, and of Caldwall Carpet Mills, Kidder-
minster, in the County of Worcester, aforesaid, Carpet Manufacturer, and
ALBERT WEBB, of Saint Mary's Terrace, London Road, and of Copenhagen
Street, both in Worcester, in the County of Worcester, aforesaid, Carpet
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
This invention consists of the hereindescribed improvement in the manufacture
of looped or piled carpets and fabrics when woven as described in the Specification
of the Letters Patent No. 14970 of A.D. 1894 granted to the present applicants
jointly with Francis Best Fawcett. In our said specification we have described a
method of weaving piled carpets and fabrics by which we are enabled to firmly
bind each wire or row of tufts with two shots of the weft, the cycle of the process
being completed in two rows of tufts thus making four weft shots in all for the
two rows.
The object of our present invention is to obtain a still faster bind for the pile, so
that longer pile can be used thus making a more durable and beautiful carpet or
fabric.
We will describe this invention by referring to the accompanying drawings on
which
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a portion of our improved fabric drawn
on an enlarged scale;
Fig. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1 but with the warp and web threads loose so as
to shew their arrangement more clearly;
Fig. 3 shews the mechanism which we employ for making the hook (which draws
the wires out of the carpet) take a wire at every alternate draw, as is required when
weaving the said fabric as hereinafter described.
The same refererce letters and numbers indicate the same or corresponding parts
in all the figures of the drawings.
According to our present invention, instead of using two wires in each cycle of
the four wefts numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4 as described in the specification of our said
prior patent, we use only one wire in each cycle of four wefts, that is to say, we
insert a wire under the figure warp e and over the weft shot numbered 1 and we
omit the wire under the said figure warp and over the weft shot numbered 3 so that
the figure warpe will be drawn down tightly on to the weft shot numbered 3 as
shewn in Fig. 1 in addition to passing under the weft shots numbered and 4 and
a much firmer bind of the tufts or loops e is the result. The arrangement of the
other warp threads a and b and the stuffer warp c and dead warp d are the same as
described in the specification of our prior letters patent above referred to and
therefore require no description here.
The hook which draws the wires out of the carpet will thus only be required to
take a wire at every alternate draw. This can be accomplished by providing
means such for instance as the sliding wedge E (see Fig. 3) which is formed on the
end of the vertical rod el which is jointed to one end of the two armed lever F
which can turn on the fulcrum pin g' carried by the bracket G fixed to what is
called the front rail H under the front of the loom. The other arm f³ of the
lever F is acted upon by the cam I which is fixed on the countershaft L which
revolves once in every four wefts or two draws of the hook. This shaft L may be
and by preference is the same countershaft L described in the Specification of our

page_text: prior Patent No. 14970 of A.D. 1894 and shewn at Fig. 5 of the drawings of the
same for driving the lifting cams.
As the book which draws the wires goes towards the wires for its second draw
the high part of the cam I acts upon the lever F and raises the wedge E which
then comes against the side of the wires J (which are shewn in end view in Fig. 3)
and pushes the wires back from the hook as it comes in thus causing the hook to
miss taking the wire, and this occurs at every alternate draw so that as no
wire is drawn there is no wire inserted under the figure warp e over the shots
numbered 3.
The upper part of the rod e³ passes through and is guided by the slotted plate M
fixed to the loom.
As it is not required to insert a wire under the figure warp threads at the third
movement of the cycle it is not necessary to raise them higher than is sufficient for
the shuttle to pass under, which can be accomplished by making the tappet of the
proper shape as will readily be understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is —
1. In the manufacture of looped or piled carpets or fabrics of the kind herein
referred to, binding each row of tufts or loops with the three weft shots 2, 3
and 4 in combination with the warp threads a and b the wefts 1 and the stuffer and
dead warps all arranged in the manner substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
2. Piled carpets and other piled fabrics woven in the manner substantially as
herein before set forth and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of July 1896.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.