AN IMPROVED LUBRICATING COMPOUND
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
DENNISON, of the firm of John Dennison and Son, of Halifax, in the County
of York, and DAVID PEEL, of the same place, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Ninth day of February,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the fifteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Dennison and David Peel, our exors, adñors, and assigns, Her especial
Ifgence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said John
Dennison and David Peel, our exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said John Dennison and David Peel, our exors, adñors, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "AN IMPROVED
LUBRICATING COMPOUND;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that we, the said John Dennison and David Peel, or one of us, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, to be inrolled in
Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and

page_text: immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as
in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Dennison and David Peel, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the present Specification thereof, that
is to say:
Whereas in the preparation of wool, rag wool, and flocks for spinning into
yarns it is necessary and usual to lubricate the same, either after they have
been washed and scoured, or while in their primitive state (sometimes termed
"blending") with oil, (commonly Gallipoli olive, rape, or whale oil,) in order
to lay and smoothen the fibres, and thereby facilitate the subsequent operations
of tenzing, scribbling, slubbing, and spinning; and whereas the expenditure
for such lubrication adds largely but unequally to the cost of manufacturing
woollen yarns, (the coarser and least valuable sorts of wool, rag wool, and
flocks requiring the largest quantities of oil,) and is in all cases more or less
burdensome Now the nature of our Invention consists in the manufacture
of a new lubricating compound, which may be advantageously substituted for
the oil so presently used in the preparation of wool, rag wool, and flocks, not
only costing much less, but serving the purpose better, and which new com-
pound may also be applied in most other cases where a cheap, effectual, and
innocuous means of lubrication is desirable. And we declare that the manner
of manufacturing the said new lubricating compound is as follows:-We take
a quantity of seaweed and boil it to a jelly in water. The quantity of water
used should be just about sufficient to produce four gallons of jelly from every
pound's weight of seaweed. (For the seaweed, kelp prepared therefrom or
barilla may be substituted; but we prefer to use the seaweed itself.) We
then draw off the jelly, leaving the refuse matters behind, and add to it, while
yet warm, Gallipoli olive, rape, whale, or some other oil of like properties, in the
proportion of from one-fourth to three-fourth parts of oil to each part of jelly,
mixing the jelly and oil thoroughly by any convenient mechanical means. We
thus obtain at about less than one-half the cost of the oil, a compound which
is possessed of much more valuable properties; for not only are the wool, rag
wool, or flocks, when treated with this compound, easier to scribble or spin
than when blended with oil, but the yarns, when made into warps, do not
require to go through the ordinary process of sizing, (owing, no doubt, to the
glutinous quality imparted to the material by our new compound,) and are
ultimately stronger and better, producing of course a superior description of

page_text: cloth. The proportions of the oil and jelly to one another may, as we have
stated, vary from one to three-fourth parts of jelly to each part of oil; that is to
say, any combination of the materials within these limits, or thereabouts, will
be useful for lubricating purposes, and we do not restrict ourselves to any
specific proportion; but we may observe, that according to our experience,
the best proportion (for the woollen manufacture at least) is one part of the
jelly for every part of oil.
And having now described the nature of our said new lubricating compound,
and the manner in which the same is prepared, we declare that what we claim
is, the preparation of a compound for lubricating purposes, consisting partly of
oil and partly of the jelly obtained as aforesaid, in the proportions herein-
before specified, or any other suitable proportions.
In witness whereof, we the said John Dennison and David Peel, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-eighth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.