A NEW MACHINE FOR WASHING HOUSE LINEN AND ALL KINDS OF TEXTILE ARTICLES THAT IS EMPLOYED IN MAKING THEM
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Lejeune, of Auteuil, near Paris, in the
Empire of France, and of 16, Castle Street, Holborn, London,
for the Invention of "A NEW MACHINE FOR WASHING HOUSE LINEN
AND ALL KINDS OF TEXTILE ARTICLES THAT IS EMPLOYED IN MAKING
THEM."
Sealed the 13th June 1853, and dated the 13th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jules Lejeune at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th December 1852.
I, JULES LEJEUNE, of Auteuil, near Paris, in the Empire of France,
and of 16, Castle Street, Holborn, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW MACHINE FOR WASHING HOUSE
LINEN, AND ALL KINDS OF TEXTILE ARTICLES THAT IS EMPLOYED IN MAKING
THEM," to be as follows:-
On each side of an hexagonal cylinder, supported by an iron
beam passing through it's length, is applied a cylinder of the same
form and diameter. They are hollow, with partition and clear rails;
one end has a moveable bottom notched on it's edge, and pierced
with little holes. These seven cylinders, connected by wooden

page_text: junctions, and encircled in metal, form one and the same apparatus
that can be turned on it's axis. This is called the washer: it may
be constructed of wood, or of any metal which is but slightly or not
at all oxidable, or that can be rendered so. The two ends of it's axis
rest opposite each other on two pads placed on the two opposite
edges of a boiler, in which it is engaged in all the height of it's ray
and diameter; the boiler is half cylindrical, and of such dimension
that there shall be but little space between the bottom and sides of
the boiler and the washer. One end of the beam of the washer is
provided with an emptying cock, which projects beyond the boiler;
two pulleys, one fix, the other moveable, are placed on tetched
wheels with a winch, or any other contrivance suitable to give a
rotary motion to the washer, which motion may be given by manual
or other suitable power, and so arranged that the motion may be to.
the right or left with any degree of celerity. The boiler for receiving
the liquid, and in which is performed the washing and cleaning of
all kinds of tissue, may be made of iron, brass, or any other
appropriate metal. It is supported by a construction of iron or
wood, and can be heated directly by a bear fire; it's stove can be
fixed or moveable, by contact with the assistance of the steam of
water running in a. worm which occupies the bottom, or by a
plunging tube.that would introduce the steam. This boiler, provided.
with it's washer, bears a cover or cap of the same form and capacity,
with a circular opening on its upper part, to which is adjusted a
large tube communicating with a worm for the condensation of
essential oil, when recourse is had to that method of cleaning. The
straight edges of this cover are slightly entered, so as to be engaged
in those of the boiler on which it is placed; it is drawn up and
down with the assistance of a rope passing on a pulley fixed in the
ceiling. The function of this apparatus.cannot be simpler: it is
merely to introduce into the cylinder the linen tissue; threads,
clothings, &c. &c., to be washed or cleaned. Roll each piece of linen
round a piece of wood in the form of a rolling pin, or separate the
mass that is in each cylinder by some planks with holes in them,
or by wooden crosses; shut each cylinder, introduce the liquid into

page_text: the copper, replace the cover, and apply the heat to it; then turn
the washer round, sometimes to the right, sometimes to the left,
during a certain time; change the liquid that is in the copper or
boiler as often as necessary. When the operation is done, and the
boiler is empty, give a quick movement to the washer, so as to
strain from the linen the water or liquid it retains; that is to say,
to dry the linen. If the liquid employed be essential oil, a band of
paper must be pasted all round the junction of the cover and the
boiler, and the worm must be adapted to the cover for the con-
densation of the essence from the part evaporated during the
operation. Such is, in all its simplicity of execution and function,
the apparatus of the present invention.
.
A prominent feature of this invention is the assemblage of several
cylinders on the one and same axis, and not a cylinder alone, 'shut
or with space, or turning on itself by any means whatever; nor a
cylinder shut with partition in the interior, without any clear space;
nor any clear rails, such as the apparatus named Bath Wheel; but a
sole cylinder, with space or with clear rails, divided in compartments
by partitions equally spaced, or with clear rails dissimulating the
reunion of several cylinders or compartiments round the one and same
axis. The effect produced on the linen, thread, tissue, &c., by employ-
ing this apparatus, is a kind of slight dashing reproduced six times in
the course of a complete revolution of the cylinder; they are thrown
successively from one side of cylinder to the other, and as half of the
washer is always immersed, three of the shocks or dashes are operated
in the liquid in the boiler, and the other three out of the liquid. It
is necessary that this dashing or shock should be in some cases
produced at different degrees of number and strength. This is
effected by the shape of the cylinder. For the first degree of
strength for the dashing, triangular cylinders are used, quadrilateral
cylinders for the second degree; and in this way all the forms up to
a perfect cylinder may be used, in which latter the articles to be
cleaned are continually rolled on themselves without receiving any
shocks or dashing whatever. The adoption of the shape of the
cylinder depends on the material to be washed or cleaned; the

page_text: number of cylinders round the one and same axis can be governed
by the same consideration; two, three, or four are sufficient when
the articles to be treated are light and voluminous, and that have to
be cleaned in a bath of turpentine, and the number may be twenty
or more if requisite. A. result can be arrived at analogous to tliat
which is obtained by the different forms and number of cylinders,
with a washer and a large cylinder of diverse form, and in rolling
the tissue to be washed round the piece of wood having the form of
a rolling pin, but of sinaller diameter, having just the same length
as the cylinder; the linen disposed in this way does not get
entangled, and washes better and quicker than when it is put in all
of a lump. When the article to be washed is not of a nature to
be rolled round a rolling pin, it must be separated by planks with
holes in them, the dimension of which must correspond with the
interior of the cylinder, or it can be lifted up by wooden crosses on
which it rests. The employing of the worm and of the steam for
heating the apparatus is preferable, because it dries the linen in the
apparatus immediately after the linen has been scoured; it requires
for that to introduce the arm into each cylinder to lift up the linen
and destroy the bulks produced by the soaring, after which the
apparatus must be turned round slowly, during which time the
steam will circulate in the worm; but this manner of drying has
the great inconvenience of requiring the use of a steam generator,
therefore other means may be employed which permit the simul-
taneous action of the two operations, and procure great economy in
the combustible, which consist in the employing of a stove with
double sides, in the same style as those of locomotives, the free
interval of which communicates with the boiler of the apparatus by
two tubes, one of which arrives to the lower part, and the other to
the middle part of it's height. When the water is poured into the
boiler, it penetrates by these two tubes into the free space which the
sides of the stove leave between them, the disposition of which is
such that when the capacity of the boiler is half full of water, the
level of this water is beyond the height of the stove. The fire being
alight, the temperature of the water which fills the sides rises

page_text: rapidly and establishes a double current, and makes the water, which
is heating between the sides of the stove, pass in the boiler by the
upper tube, whereas, in the meanwhile, a relative quantity of colder
water arrives by the lower tube. The tube through which escapes
the product of the combustible, raises in inclining itself to attain a
certain point, whence it is prolonged horizontally in any direction
to raise to a perpendicular corner of about twenty inches; to answer
to this height the line horizontal of this tube is parallel to the first
described, and continues in the same way a more or less number of
times. It is maintained in this disposition by two props. Each of
the horizontal parts of these tubes bears a double cover of metal; cach
extremity of which is shut at some distance from the elbows of the
central tubes. Small perpendicular tubes put in communication each
of the void spaces of these double cylinders. The water is brought
in these spaces by a small tube, the height of which rises from about
ten to fifteen inches above the last double tube, and it arrives in the
spaces of the lower tube, and passes from one to the other by the
small perpendicular tubes which put them in communication. The
interval between each double tube being full of water, this water is
heated by the passage of the smoke, and the products of the stove
in the central tube, and all this part of the apparatus soon acquires
a considerable heat, which cannot burn nor deteriorate the linen
placed on them to be dried.
In the annexed Drawing of the apparatus, Fig. 1, is formed of
seven cylinders (hexagonal) placed in it's case or boiler, seen on the
front. A, A, a wooden case serving as envelope to the boiler..
B, B, boiler. D,,D, D, worn. C, tube, with cock for emitting
steam in the worm. E, tube, with cock for disengagement of con-
densed steam. F, emptying cock. G, pulley to put the apparatus
in movement. I, I, I, junction which unites the cylinders to the
washer. H, H, H, latches serving to keep the moveable bottoms
of the cylinders in their places. J, iron or brass circle to conso-
lidate the whole.
Figure 2, view of a cylinder alone. Figure moveable bottom
of a cylinder. Figure 4, plank with holes to separate the linen in

page_text: cylinders. Figure 5, wooden cross for the same purpose. Figure 6,
pieces of wood, rolling pin shaped. Figure 7, transverse section of
washer with a trapezium cylinder. Figure 8, moveable bottom of
cylinder. Fig. 9, transverse section of washer with 37 square
cylinders. Fig. 10, moveable bottom of cylinder of Fig. 9. Fig. 11,
the same apparatus with round cylinder. Fig. 12, moveable bottom
of round cylinder.
Fig. 13, complete apparatus of a smaller model, with the
addition of a moveable stove with double sides filled with water,
and of a drier made of tubes. B, dotted line indicating the place
occupied by the washer. L, L, L, boiler in which the washer turns.
M, M, cap or cover of the boiler. N, opening for the escape of the
or steam. 0, 0, rope serving to place and deplace the cap
or cover of the boiler. P, P, feet of the iron or wood construction
bearing the boiler. Q, Q, tubes, with adjusted serving joints to
put the water of the stove with double sides in communication with
that of the boiler Q. The lengthening of the lower tube Q, bearing.
the emptying cock. R, stove with double sides. S, opening which
serves for the introduction of fuel into the stove, and is closed by
a netal bung. T, bottom of the boiler with hinges, which is to be
shut when the fire is to be extinguished. V, tube serving for the
disengagement of the product of combustion that disengages itself.
in X. Y, tube with a cock which brings the water in the tube.
which has a funnel. Z, tube with a funnel conducting the water
in the void space of the lower double tubes, which rises and passes
into the upper tube, where it arrives, in passing by the small-per-
pendicular tubes W, W, W, to take it's level in W.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Jules Lejeune in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 13th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JULES LEJEUNE, of Antenil, near Paris, in the Empire of France,
and of 16, Castle Street, Holborn, London, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Jules Lejeune, Her special
licence that I, the said Jules Lejeune, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jules Lejeune, my executors,
adininistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW
MACHINE POR WASHING HOUSE LINEN, AND ALL KINDS OF TEXTILE ARTICLES
THAT IS EMPLOYED IN MAKING THEM," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Jules Lejeune, by an instrument in writing
under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jules Lejeune, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists of an hexagonal cylinder supported by an
iron beam, which passes through its length, and having on each of
its sides a cylinder of the same form and diameter; they are hollow,
with partitions and clear rails. The extremities bear a moveable
bottom, notched on its edges and pierced with little holes. These
seven cylinders are connected by wooden junctions, and encircled in
metal, forming an apparatus that can be turned on its axis.
is called the "washer." It can be constructed all in wood, or of a
metal which is little liable to oxydation, or that can be made so,
The two ends of its axis rest opposite each other on two pads placed
on the two opposite edges of a boiler, in which it is fixed. The boiler
This

page_text: has the form of a half cylinder, and its dimensions are such that
there remains but a very little space between the bottom and the
sides of the boiler and the washer. There is an emptying cock at
one of the two extremities of the beam of the washer, which is pro-
jected on the outside of the boiler. Two pulleys are placed, the one
fixed, the other unfixed, or some toothed wheels, or any other
arrangements for giving rotatory motion to the washer, which
movement can be given by manual or by any other kind of power;
the whole arranged in such a manner that the movement can be
given sometimes to the right and sometimes to the left, and so that
its swiftness can be accelerated in one way or the other. The boiler
destined to receive the liquid, and in which the washing and cleaning
of all kinds of tissues is effected, can be made of iron, brass, or any
other appropriate metal. It is supported by a framework of iron
or wood, and can be heated by a fire, the stove can be fixed or
moveable, by contact, with the assistance of steam passing in a ser-
pentine pipe which occupies the bottom, or by a plunging tube that
would introduce the steam. This boiler, provided with its washer,
bears a cover or cap, which has the same form and capacity. It has
a circular opening on its upper part, to which is adjusted a large
tube communicating with a serpentine pipe for the condensation of
essential oils, when it is necessary to have recourse to that method of
cleaning. The straight edges of this cover are slightly engaged in
those of the boiler on which it is placed; it is drawn up and down
with the assistance of a rope passing on a pulley fixed in the ceiling.
The working of the apparatus cannot be simpler: the linen, tissues,
threads, clothing, &c., to be washed or cleaned, have only to be
introduced into the cylinder, each piece of linen being rolled round
a piece of wood having the form of a rolling pin, or the mass that
is in cach cylinder separated by some planks with holes in them, or
by wooden crosses; each cylinder shut, the liquid in the copper is
introduced, the cover replaced, and the heat applied to it, then the
washer turned round, sometimes to the right and sometimes to the
left, during a certain time. The liquid that is in the copper or boiler
is to be changed as often as it is necessary. When the operation is

page_text: done, and the boiler is completely empty, a very quick movement is
given to the washer so as to strain the water or liquid from the
linen, and to dry it. If the liquid employed is essential oil, a band
of paper must be pasted all round the junction of the cover, and
the boiler and the serpentine pipe must be adapted to the cover for
the condensation of the essence from the part evaporated during the
operation.
An important point of my Invention consists in the assemblage
of several cylinders on one and the same axis, and not a cylinder
alone, shut or with spaces; or turning by any means whatever; nor
a cylinder shut, with partitions in the interior, without any clear
space or rails, such as the apparatus named Bath Wheel; but a sole
cylinder with spaces or with rails divided in compartments by some
partitions equally divided, or with rails concealing the reunion of
several cylinders or compartments round one and the same axis.
The effect produced on the linen, tissues, threads, clothing, &c. &c.,
by the employment of the apparatus with cylinders of an hexagonal
form, is a kind of slight dashing reproduced six times in the course
of a complete revolution of the apparatus; the linen or tissues are
successively thrown from one of the interior sides of the cylinder
to the other; and as the half of the washer is always immersed, it
results from this, that three of the shocks or dashers are worked
in the middle of the liquid in the boiler, and the three others out
of the liquid. It is necessary that this dashing should be in some
cases produced to different degrees of number and strength. I
obtain this result by the form given to the cylinders. I substitute
for those of an hexagonal form triangular cylinders for the first
degree of strength for the dashing; quadrilateral cylinders for the
second degree; and I pass by in this way all possible forms until I
arrive at a perfect cylinder, in which the linen or tissues to be
washed or cleaned are continually rolled without receiving any
shocks or dashing whatever. The adoption of a particular form of
cylinder for the machine depends more or less on the difficulty
presented by the matter that is to be washed, cleaned, or scoured.
The number indicated of seven cylinders round one and the same

page_text: axis, ought to be increased or diminished for the same reason; two,
three, or four are sufficient for the same, when the articles to be
treated are light and voluminous, such as women's light clothing,
that have to be cleaned in a bath of turpentine, and the number
can likewise be as many as twenty and more for several kinds of
stuffs, such as fine linen, silks, gauzes, &c. A result analogous to
that which is obtained by the different forms and number of
cylinders with a washer and a large cylinder of diverse forms may
be arrived at, and the tissues rolled round the piece of wood having
the form of a rolling pin, but of a smaller diameter, having just the
same length as the cylinders; the linen arranged in this way does
not get entangled, and washes much better and quicker than when.
it is put in otherwise. When the matter that is to be washed is not
of a nature to be rolled round a rolling pin, it must be separated
by planks with holes in them, the dimensions of which must cor-
respond with the interior of the cylinder, or it can be lifted up by
some wooden crosses on which it rests. The employment of the scr-
pentine pipe and steam for heating the apparatus is preferable, because
it dries the linen in the apparatus immediately after the linen has
been scoured; for that purpose it is requisite to introduce the arm
into each cylinder, to lift up the linen and consequently destroy the
bulks produced by the scouring, after which the apparatus must
be turned round slowly, during which time the steam will circulate
in the serpentine pipe. But this manner of heating and drying has
the great inconvenience of necessitating the use of a steam generator;
therefore I have contrived another means which permits of the two
operations simultaneously, and procures a great economy in the
combustible, which method consists in the employment of a stove
with double sides in the same style as those of the locomotives, the
free intervals of which communicate with the boiler of the apparatus
by two tubes, one of which arrives at the lower part, and the
second to the middle part of its height. When the water is poured
into the boiler, it penetrates by these two tubes into the free space
which the sides of the stove leave between thein, the arrangement
of which is such that, when the capacity of the boiler is half full of
"

page_text: water, the level of this water gets beyond the height of the stove.
The fire being lighted, the temperature of the water which fills the
sides, rises rapidly and establishes a double current continually,
and makes the water which is heating between the sides of the
stove pass in the boiler by the upper tube, and in the meanwhile
a relative quantity of cold water, or at least of a much lower
degree of temperature, arrives by the lower tube. The tube through
which the products of the combustible escape raises itself to attain
a certain point, whence it is prolonged horizontally, in any direction
whatever, to raise to a perpendicular corner of about twenty inches.
To answer to this height, the horizontal line of this tube is parallel
to the first described, and continues in the same way a greater
or less number of times. It is maintained in this place by two.
props which serve to support them. Each of the horizontal parts
of these tubes bears a double cover of any metal whatever, each
extremity of which is shut at. some distance from the elbows of
the central tube. Some small perpendicular tubes put in commu-
nication each of the empty spaces of these double cylinders. The
water is conveyed to these spaces by a small tube, the height of
which rises from about ten to fifteen inches above the last double
tube, and arrives in the spaces of the lower tube, and passes from
one to the other by the small perpendicular tubes which put them
in communication. The intervals between each double tube being
full of water, this water is heated by the passage of the smoke
and the products of the stove in the central tube, and all this part.
of the apparatus very soon acquires a great heat, which cannot
burn nor deteriorate the linen that is placed on them to be dried.
There may be a combination on a circular line of several of the
apparati described, equidistant from each other; these apparati.
having the shape of an oblong square, the line enclosing them is.
divided into as many straight lines as there are apparati. A large
platform formed of pieces of wood suitably arranged, the diameter.
of which exceeds by a little that of the polygonal formed by the
meeting of the apparati, covers all the surface. This platform is
crossed at its centre by a vertical shaft divided into two parts of.

page_text: equal length, but of different diameters, in order that its weakest
part crossing the platform, the difference of size may form a collar
which serves for a support to the platform; its lower part works
freely in a cylinder of cast iron, firmly fixed in masonry on the
ground, at the bottom of which cylinder is a moveable socket,
upon which this rod works in such a manner that in acting upon
this socket by the aid of a lever, the socket, the shaft, and the
platform which they bear, may rise or fall readily. This platform
is perforated with a number of holes equal to that of the nnited
apparati; the dimensions of these holes exceed by a little those
of the boilers of each apparatus, so that the edges of each of
these boilers may enter into each of the perforations of the plat-
form. It will be understood that by the aid of this arrange-
ment, if the boilers are much alike in dimensions and the spaces
between them very exact also, that the corresponding per-
forations of the platform, when turning horizontally upon its
axis, will cach become in turn above each boiler, and by lowering
it, the edges of each of them will enter cach perforation to the
desired extent. In each of the perforations of the platform is placed
that portion of my apparatus which I term the "washer," as pre-
viously described. The two supports on which the shaft of each
washer turns are fixed, facing each other, upon the opposite edges
of each perforation; these shafts work also in circles, having only
an action from one end to the circumference, and being extended
from the other to three quarters of their total length. This last
extremity turns in a third support, fixed near the centre of the
platform, and bears a little beyond a conical pinion, gearing with a
central angle wheel fixed to the vertical shaft bearing the platform;
and by giving to the shaft a rotary motion, this motion is trans-
mitted to the pinions of the shafts of the washers, and each of them
turns in one of the boilers filled to about two thirds of its depth.
At a proportionate height to the size of the apparatus, the vertical
shaft bears a collar, from the circumference of which two rods
extend, which slope down to the platform to which they are fixed,
thus keeping it steady, and preventing its being bent. Beneath the

page_text: platform, between the ground and the top of the central wheel, or
above the collar, is fixed a wheel, gearing with a pinion of which
the height of the toothed part corresponds to that at which it is
necessary to raise the platform bearing the washers, to convey each
of them into the next boiler, and making the platform turn in a
corresponding manner; and it is by this lengthened pinion, the
vertical shaft of which bears an angle wheel, that the motion is
transmitted to the whole apparatus. Each of the horizontal shafts
bears a gearing hook, which makes the rod of a lever act, the handle
of which projects out of the circumference of the platform, so as to
give or interrupt at will the separate motion of each washer. The
principal advantage of this arrangement is, that it causes the linen
or materials to be washed to pass through all the successive opera-
tions of washing without loss of time, and thus makes it a continuous
operation. If the number of the united apparati be, for instance,
that represented in the annexed Drawing (Sheet 2), indicated by
Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the six cylinders of the apparatus No. 1,
must be filled with the material to be washed, and clean water be
poured into the boiler of this first apparatus, and the washer should
be turned during one hour; the linen or material it contains will
then be scoured. The boiler No. 2, contains water with lye; the third,
soapsuds; the fourth, pure water; the fifth, pure water; and the
sixth, blue water. It is clear that, by raising the platform with the
aid of a lever and a counterweight, making it perform one sixth of
a revolution, sending it in the direction of the boiler No. 2, and
making it return to its place, it is evident that the washer which
has just returned into the boiler No. 1, will then turn in the boiler
No. 2, containing lye water, and the washer which occupied the
boiler No. 6, will pass into the boiler No. 1, from which the dirty
water will flow during this change, and be replaced by fresh water.
By thus operating after each hour of work, the first washer will turn
one hour in each of the boilers, and return after working six hours,
and replace itself in the boiler No. 1; and the operation of the
washing of this first part of the linen is thus entirely finished; it is
then withdrawn from the cylinders of these washers to pass through

page_text: the hydro-extracting apparatus, which forms part of my Invention,
and which I term a dryer. It consists of a case of metal, polished
inside, and of any shape. However, I prefer the one represented in
the annexed Drawings. It is that of a drum, having a diameter of
about four feet, and of which the two bottoms are distant from each
other about one foot. This is placed in the centre of another case of
a similar shape, but of greater dimensions, where it is maintained by
supports. Two openings are made in it: one at the centre of the top,
from whence there is a tube for the purpose of letting the steam from
the wet clothes escape; the other laterally, by which the linen to
be dried is introduced, and which closes with a stopper of wood or
metal furnished with canvass, and entering tightly. The second.
case serving to cover the first, is made of any metal whatever, and
may be fastened by masonry, or by any other mode, for the purpose
of avoiding loss by heat. Its upper part is movable; its junction
with the rest of the apparatus takes place by aid of pressure. This
upper part is crossed at its centre by the conduit of the lye or
steam; and upon another point near the circumference it bears a
waste pipe, furnished with a key and with a little interior canal,
placed at its entrance, for the purpose of cooling the water proceed-
ing from the condensed steam upon the internal wall of the pipe.
A third opening exists at the lower part, to which a tube is adapted
in the form of a funnel, the extremity of which plunges under the
water of a vessel placed under the foundation of the apparatus.
Finally, a fourth lateral opening receives another tube, which enters
it from three to four inches. This tube has a cock, by the aid of
which egress is given to the steam proceeding from a generator.
The tube of conduit for the lye, after being curved at a right angle,
and having followed a horizontal line of the diameter of the dryer,
descends vertically and joins transversely to the cylindrical part of
the funnel-shaped tube into which the tube with the tap enters. The
working of this apparatus is very simple. The plug closing the
lateral opening of the interior case is raised, and the linen to be
dried is introduced. The plug being replaced, the cock is opened,
giving outlet to the vapour proceeding from the generator, which,

page_text: going through the cylindrical part of the funnel tube, where it is
directed, effects a continuous suction in the tube for the discharge
of the steam, at the same time as its arrival in the free space between
the case and its envelope thoroughly heats the case. The water
from the damp linen contained in the interior evaporates; and this
evaporation is drawn off, as it is formed by the continuous suction
which the steam produces. The water formed by the condensed
part of the steam on the surfaces of the case and its cover, flows
through the funnel tube placed at the bottom of the cover, the
extremity of which is in the water contained in the vessel under the
framework.
.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, elevation and section of the apparatus following a, b, of
Fig. 3. Figure 2, section of one of the cylinders and its boiler.
Figure 3, plan. Figure 4, horizontal projection of the two levers
bearing counter-weights for the purpose of balancing the moveable
part of the apparatus. In all the figures, the same letters indicate
the same parts. A, the washer formed by the combination of six
open worked cylinders around a solid cylinder of the same form.
B,-axles gearing, &c., communicating the rotatory movement to the
washers. C, ungearing apparatus for the conical pinions for stop-
ping or putting in motion each washer. D, vessels or boilers con-
taining the material to be washed. It is in these boilers that cach
of the washers noves round in turn. E, framework supporting the
whole apparatus. F, tube in which the rod G, moves, for the pur-
pose of raising the platform and its six washers. G, rod moved by
means of the levers H. H, levers bearing the counterweights for
the purpose of balancing the platform and the washers. These
levers oscillate at the point M. I, weights fixed to the levers H.
K, rods bearing a socket for the purpose of maintaining the vertical
axis of the large conical wheel.
Fig. 5, G, copper case where the linen to be dried is placed. N,
plug, shutting the opening by which the linen is introduced. E,
tube, having a conical part. H, cock, giving egress to the steam
produced by the generator. E, E, suction pipe by which the

page_text: vacuum in the case is produced. F, F, bottom of the cover of the
case G. I, I, clamp fixing the edges of this bottom to the edges
of the cover. D, D, discharge pipe; B, key to regulate the dis-
charge. c, c, small interior canal for the emission of the condensed
steam. Q, open space between the case and the cover. V, V, V,
V, supports of the case. K, funnel tube for carrying off the con-
densed water. A, vessel receiving the condensed water. 0, 0,
cases bearing the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
I here state that I do not confine or limit myself to the exact details
and dimensions herein described; but I claim,
First, the apparatus which I term the "washer," composed of six
open worked cylinders round the same axis.
Secondly, the mode of transporting these washers from one vessel
to another, so that the linen or other material may be washed
without being taken out of the washers.
Thirdly, the application for the purpose of drying linen and other
material of the apparati generally used for the refining of sugar, and
which bake in vacuo.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jules Lejeune, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
three.