Improvements in Machines for Dyeing and Scouring Yarn.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 17th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 13th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Dyeing and Scouring Yarn.
I, JOHN MOUNTGOMERY COLLINS, of 45 Bartholomew Street, Bridgeton,
Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to machines for dyeing and scouring yarn.
With the present construction of machines, it very often happens, that, if the
dyeing liquor is not thoroughly mixed in the vat, the yarn slung upon the poles,
instead of being of a uniform colour throughout, is dyed different shades. My
invention has for its object to overcome this defect, by making the yarn-carrying-
poles in sections, which are capable of being reversed or interchanged. By this
means, the yarn can be dipped in the various parts of the vat, and thus be dyed a
uniform colour.
In carrying out my invention, I make the poles preferably in half lengths. One
end of each half-pole is provided with a ferrule, which is hollow or partly hollow.
Recesses are cut out of the ferrule at each side, and, at right angles to these
recesses, a solid bridge-piece is left. Above the bridge-piece, two projections are
made or left. The arrangement of recesses and projections, is such that, if two
ferrules are put together, they will always interlock, so that, if one section of the
pole is turned round, the ferrules at either end will lock into the ferrules of the next
section.
The poles, which are preferably triangular in section, are revolved by means of
gearing fitted on the machine. The gearing drives a socket spindle for each pole,
and these socket spindles are made, in their socket part, with a central raised
projection and four recesses, which appear, in plan view, of the shape of a
Saint George's cross. By making the socket pieces of this shape, no matter how
the poles are turned about, the ferrules will always lock firmly in said sockets.
Instead of having the ferrules and socket pieces made as herein before described,
the ferrule at one end of each section of the pole might be made with a projection,
and that at the other end be made with a corresponding recess. The socket pieces
of the driving spindles would, in this case, be made with ribs or projections, which
would lock or key into the recessed ferrules.
The sectional poles, of which there are preferably three on each side of the
machine, are, if the poles are only divided into two parts or sections, supported at
either end by two guide plates sliding in the frame of the machine, and, in the
centre, by a supporting plate. The plates are connected together by a longitudinal
bar, to which stays may be fitted. The central plate may be capable of sliding on
the bar, and be adjusted in position by means of pinching screws. Each plate has
three holes in it for the reception of the poles, and these holes may have projecting
trough-shaped guards round them. The plate at the driving end of the machine
has, or may have, backwardly extending bearings cast on it. In these bearings, the
socket spindles for revolving the poles are fitted. The plate at the opposite end of
the machine may have solid or hollow projections on it, which slide in a guide slot,
made in the frame of the machine. Short guide bars may be fixed or removably
fitted to the plates, for the purpose of preventing the hanks of yarn coming to the
ends of the poles.

page_text: To keep the yarn stretched, brass or other rods are provided, and these rods are
weighted at their ends. The weights are so made, (preferably pear-shaped), that
they prevent the rods turning with the yarn.
Dated this 16th day of January 1893.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
Glasgow and London, Agent.
Improvements in Machines for Dyeing and Scouring Yarn.
I, JOHN MOUNTGOMERY COLLINS, of 45 Bartholomew Street, Bridgeton,
Glasgow, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines for dyeing and scouring yarn.
With the present construction of machines, it very often happens, that, if the
dyeing liquor is not thoroughly mixed in the vat, the yarn slung upon the poles,
instead of being of a uniform colour throughout, is dyed different shades. My
invention has mainly for its object to overcome this defect, by making the yarn
carrying poles in sections, which are capable of being reversed or interchanged.
By this means, the yarn can be dipped in the various parts of the vat, and thus be
dyed a uniform colour.
In carrying out my invention, I make the poles, preferably, in half lengths.
One end of each half-pole is provided with a ferrule, which is hollow or partly
hollow. Recesses are cut out of the ferrule at each side, and, at right angles to
these recesses, a solid bridge-piece is left. The arrangement of recesses and pro-
jections, is such that, if two ferrules are put together, they will always interlock,
so that, if one section of the pole is turned round, the ferrules at either end will
lock into the ferrules of the next section.
The poles, which are, preferably, square or triangular in section, are revolved by
means of gearing fitted on the machine. The gearing drives a socket spindle for
each pole, and these socket spindles are made, in their socket part, with a central
raised projection and four recesses, which appear, in plan view, of the shape of a
Saint George's cross. By making the socket pieces of this shape, no matter how
the poles are turned about, the ferrules will always lock firmly in said sockets.
Instead of having the ferrules and socket pieces made as hereinbefore described,
the ferrule at one end of each section of the pole might be made with a projection,
and that at the other end be made with a corresponding recess. The socket pieces
of the driving spindles would, in this case, be made with ribs or projections, which
would lock or key into the recessed ferrules.
The sectional poles, of which there are preferably three on each side of the
machine, are, if the poles are only divided into two parts or sections, supported at
either end by two guide plates sliding in the frame of the machine, and, in the
centre, by a supporting plate. The plates are connected together by a longitudinal
bar, to which stays may be fitted. The central plate may be capable of sliding on
the bar, and be adjusted in position by means of pinching screws. Each plate has
three holes in it for the reception of the poles, and these holes may have projecting
trough-shaped guards round them. The plate at the driving end of the machine
has, or may have, backwardly extending bearings cast in it. In these bearings, the
socket spindles for revolving the poles are fitted. The plate at the opposite end of
the machine may have solid or hollow projections on it, which slide in a guide slot,
made in the frame of the machine. Short guide bars may be fixed or removably
fitted to the plates, for the purpose of preventing the hanks of yarn coming to the
ends of the poles.

page_text: To keep the yarn stretched, brass or other rods are provided, and these rods are
prevented from turning with the yarn.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a part side elevation of a machine for dyeing and scouring yarn (such
as is set forth in the Specification of my prior Patent No. 14507 of 1892,) with my
present improvements applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the sectional poles.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the central supporting plate.
Fig. 4 is a section of the plate on the line - Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a front view, Fig. 6 a longitudinal section on the line y-y (Fig. 5)
and Fig. 7 a side elevation of the ferrule for the ends of the sectional poles.
Fig. 8 is a front view and Fig. 9 a side elevation of a socket spindle.
Fig. 10 is a front view and Fig 11 a side elevation of a different construction of
ferrule for one end of a pole; and Figs. 12 and 13 are, respectively, front and side
views of a ferrule for the opposite end of the pole.
Fig. 14 is a section of the friction driving gear for revolving the poles of the
machine.
Fig. 15 is a side view of the driving wheel of the friction gear.
Fig. 16 shows two poles interlocked.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference letters wherever repeated
indicate the same or similar parts.
A is the dye vat of the machine, B, B₁ the vertical frames, C the yarn carrying
poles, D the driving gear for revolving the poles and E the lifting chains. The
general features of the machine shown at Fig. 1 are the same as the machine
described in the Specification of my prior Patent No. 14507 of 1892 aforesaid.
Instead of making the poles in one piece, as usual, they are, under this invention,
made in two or more parts a, a¹ as shown at Figs. 1 and 2. The ends of each part
or half-pole are provided with ferrules b, which are shown to an enlarged scale at
Figs. 5, 6 and 7. These ferrules, which are, or may be, hollow so as to fit on the
ends of the poles, are made with recesses, b', at each side and at right angles to the
recesses, a solid bridge piece 6 is left. 3, are two raised parts or projections.
With this construction of ferrule no matter how the poles are turned about or
interchanged the ferrules will always lock into each other as the raised parts b³, b
can always be fitted into the recesses 6'. When the ferrules are locked together
the projections 63, 64 of one ferrule catch on and hold against the bridge piece b
of the other and vice versa.
The left hand or driving ends of the poles a are fitted into socket spindles c.
These spindles, as shown to an enlarged scale at Figs. 8 and 9, are made, in their
socket part, with a central raised projection c¹ and four recesses of which appear in
plan, see Fig. 8, somewhat like a St. George's cross. e are triangular shaped
projections left in the metal. As will be seen no matter how the poles are shifted
about or interchanged the projections 63, 6 of the ferrules will always lock into
two of the recesses and the central projection of the socket spindle will
always lock into the central space left between the projections 63, 64, of the ferrules.
Figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13 show modified constructions of ferrules. The ferrule e
Figs. 10 and 11 is fitted on one end of a half pole and the ferrule Figs. 12 and 13
on the other end. The ferrule e is made with a central projection e¹ and the
ferrule ƒ with a corresponding recess f¹. When the half poles are locked together
they appear as at Fig. 16, the projection on one part fitting into the recess of the
other. The sockets of the driving spindles would, also, in this case, be made with
central ribs or projections which would lock or key into the recesses of the ferrules f
This construction of ferrule is not so good as the construction herein before described
as the poles can only be locked together in one way i.e. when the ferrule ƒ of one
pole comes opposite the ferrule e of another. Should the poles be so turned about
that the ferrule f (or e) of one pole comes opposite the ferrule ƒ (or e) of another
then, of course, they will not lock together,

page_text: The sectional poles, of which there are, preferably, three sets at each side of
the machine, if it is of the construction described in the Specification of my afore-
said Patent, are, supported at either end by guide plates g, g' which slide up and
down in the side frames B, B of the machine and in the centre by supporting
plates g. The plates g, 9', g², are connected together by the longitudinal bar h.
The central plate g may be made with a sleeve g through which the bar h passes.
The plate may be capable of sliding on the bar, so as to suit different lengths
of sectional poles, and be clamped in place by means of pinching screws h'. Stays i
may connect the plate with the lifting chain collars h³.
The central plate g' has three holes g for the reception of the ferrules of the
half poles which are so fitted together that the ferrules interlock within these
holes. The end plate gl has also three holes or sockets for the reception of the
ferrules at the ends of the half poles a¹. The ferrules at the driving ends of the
half-poles a are fitted in the socket spindles e which pass through and revolve
in backwardly extending bearings cast on the plate g. Trough shaped
guards (see Fig. 3) may be cast on the plates g, g', 92, just below the holes or
bearings as the case may be. Projections may be cast on the plate g' to guide it
in its vertical movements within the slot of the frame B¹. The central bearing j
of the plate 9 serves in conjunction with the bearing of the spindle of the
friction gear (see Fig. 14) as a guide for that plate as it moves up and down in the
slot of the frame B.
m (Figs. 1, 3 and 4) are hollow brass or other rods for keeping the yarn
stretched. These rods are fitted to snugs n¹ on extension plates n attached to the
guide plates g, g', 9³. The rods are locked to the plates by means of pins m' which
are passed through holes in the ends of the rods and in the snugs. The rods
have holes m² at one end for the purpose of allowing the dye liquor to circulate
through them.
As it is possible that the yarn may sometimes be caught and held when being
turned, and as it is, when so caught, likely to break some part of the machinery I
provide a friction driving gear to, in such cases, turn without moving the poles or
unduly straining the yarn. The gear is shown at Figs. 14 and 15. It consists of
the wheel o which is made with a hollow boss o' through which passes a tightening
screw o. This screw works in the spindle 1. Interposed between the ratchets p
and (a description of these ratchets is given in my prior Specification aforesaid)
and the tooth driving wheel y are two leather or other soft washers r, and a
metal washer. The wheel o is revolved as it travels up and down the rack F,
as explained in my prior Specification aforesaid, and the wheel drives the train
of gear wheels s for revolving the poles. The wheels s are fitted on the ends co
of the socket spindles C. All the gear is loose on the spindle and consequently
it follows that by slackening the screw of the friction between the wheel 9
washer can be so reduced that said wheel g will not be turned or be turned with
very little power by the main driving wheel o, and, also, if the screw o³ is tightened
up the friction and power will be increased. By turning the screw of the gear can
be so adjusted that should the yarn catch the wheel q will slip and not be turned
by the wheel o.
The poles a,
may be covered or cased with brass or other suitable metal.
For the purpose of preventing the hanks of yarn, when being turned on the
poles, from coming in contact with the guide plates g, g, g³, short cross bars v are
fitted in brackets cast on or secured to the plates. These rods prevent the yarn
working to the ends of the poles.
and
Of course,
if so desired, each pole may be made in three or more sections, and,
in this case, a corresponding number of supporting plates * would be fitted on
the bar h..
The sectional poles and ferrules may be fitted to other constructions of dyeing
and scouring machines besides that described in the Specification of my aforesaid
Patent.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In dyeing and scouring machines the yarn carrying poles made in sections
which are interchangeable and reversible, substantially as set forth.
2. A ferrule for the yarn carrying poles of dyeing and scouring machines, made
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at Figs. 5, 6 and 7 of the
drawings annexed.
3. The ferrules e and f for the yarn carrying poles of dyeing and scouring
machines made substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at Figs. 10, 11,
12 and 13 of the drawings annexed.
4. Socket spindles made substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at
Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings annexed.
5. The combination with the yarn carrying poles of rods m, for keeping the
yarn stretched, which are so fixed or held as not to turn with the yarn, sub-
stantially as herein before described and shown at Figs. 1, 3 and 4 of the drawings
annexed.
Dated this 16th day of October 1893.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
Glasgow and London, Agent.