IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING HATS AND HELMETS
Year: 1885

page_text: 1, WILLIAM JOHNSON of Nos 1, 2 and 3, Sackville Street and No 40 Piccadilly, W,
in the county of Middlesex, hat manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING HATS AND HELMETS " to be as
follows:-
My invention consists essentially in constructing hats or helmets, so that they
are made absolutely double throughout; such hats or helmets are formed of an
inner and outer case, quite separate and distinct from each other, yet so connected
between the brims by corrugated material, tubes, blocks, walls, or other suitable
devices, that perfect ventilation is effected by an air current, which, entering at the
outer edge, between the two brims, escapes by an aperture or apertures at the top
of the crown of the outer case-The crown of the inner case, is provided with one
or more suitable apertures for allowing heated air to escape.
The inner case or hat is thus "insulated," and a constant flow of cold air made
to circulate in every direction over and around the head, without actual contact
with the head, insuring to the wearer an agreeable coolness with complete immunity
from sunstroke and other maladies-the frequent result of cold draughts striking
directly on the head-such as congestion, headache, neuralgia, deafness, loss of
voice, &c. &c.
Hats or helmets constructed on this "insulated" principle are as equally suited
for use in temperate, as in tropical climates; and my invention may be employed
in the manufacture of hats, helmets or other head coverings of any desired shape
and formed of any suitable material or combination of materials.
AMBROSE MYALL, C.E.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
YI
"
I, WILLIAM JOHNSON of Nos 1, 2 and 3 Sackville Street and No 40 Piccadilly in
the county of Middlesex, Hat Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING HATS AND HELMETS and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists essentially in constructing hats or helmets, so that they
are made absolutely double throughout; such hats or helmets are formed of an
inner and outer case, quite separate and distinct from each other, yet so connected
between the brims by corrugated material, tubes, blocks, walls, or other suitable
devices, that perfect ventilation is effected by an air current, which, entering at the
outer edge, between the two brims, escapes by an aperture or apertures at the top
of the crown of the outer case. The crown of the inner case is provided with one
or more suitable apertures for allowing heated air to escape.
The inner case or hat is thus "insulated" and a constant flow, of cold, or cool air,
made to circulate in every direction, over and around the head, without actual
contact with the head, insuring to the wearer an agreeable coolness with complete
immunity from sunstroke and other maladies-the frequent result of cold draughts
striking directly on the head-such as congestion, headache, neuralgia, deafness,
loss of voice &c &c-Hats or helmets constructed on this "insulated" principle are
as equally suited for use in temperate, as in tropical climates; and my invention
may be employed in the manufacture of hard or soft hats, helmets or other similar
head-coverings, made to any desired shape and formed of any suitable material or
combination of materials.
In order more clearly to explain the nature of my invention and to shew in what
manner it is carried out in practice, I will now proceed to further describe the
same, by reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings, representing various
views of some forms of hats and helmets constructed according to my invention.

page_text: The connection between the two cases is effected at the brims only, and in such
a manner that a clear and definite air-space exists between the whole of the two
cases and of their brims, as shewn by Figs 4. 7. 10 and 13-Various devices may
be employed in connecting the brims, such as a suitable corrugated material as shewn
at E in Figs. 1 to 11, or separate square tubes, as shewn at F in Figs. 12. 13. and 14,
but round tubes, blocks or straight walls may be employed, or any other device
which will allow the brims of the two cases to be securely connected together
and at the same time will leave an ample area between them for the admission
of air.
When the hat is in use, the warmth of the head causes an air current to be
established as follows:-the air enters between the outer edges of the brims all
round at G and then passing upwards between the inner and outer cases, makes its
exit at suitable openings H provided at or near the top of the outer case, as shewn
by the arrows in Figs 4. 7. 10 and 13. Such openings H are preferably protected
by a small cover or projection J to exclude rain, dust &c.
One or more suitable apertures K are provided in the crown of the inner case B
to allow heated air to escape from the immediate neighbourhood of the head.
It will thus be seen that a constant flow of cool air will circulate in every
direction over and around the head, without actual contact with the head, and the
attendant advantages of such action have been herein before enumerated.
I wish it to be understood, that in carrying out my invention, I do not necessarily
confine myself to the precise details of construction, nor to the particular forms of
the hats and helmets herein shewn and described nor to any particular material or
combination of materials, of which such hats and helmets may be wholly or partially
manufactured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A ventilating hat, helmet or other similar head-covering, constructed in the
manner and for the purposes, substantially as herein set forth.
2. The construction of a hat, helmet or other similar head-covering, with com-
plete inner and outer cases, entirely separate and distinct from each other, substan-
tially as herein set forth.
3. In hats, helmets or other similar head-coverings constructed with inner and
outer cases, the use of corrugated material, round or square tubes, blocks, vertical
walls or other suitable devices between the brims, to connect the said inner and
outer cases, in the manner and for the purposes, substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 5th day of June 1885
AMBROSE MYALL, C.E.,
Agent for the Applicant.