In proven ents in the Manufacture of Casements and their Parts.
Year: 1899

page_text: In proven ents in the Manufacture of Casements and their Parts.
We, ARTHUR HEATON and HERBERT ARTHUR DUGARD, of the Firm of Heaton
and Dugard, of Shadwell Street Metal Works, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Metal Rollers.
Our invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of casements
and their parts and has particular reference to the bars forming such casements
by which economy in the manufacture is effected as by our invention we only
require three sections of bars to enable us to construct a casement where as
in the present method four sections are required.
In carrying our invention into practice we make the bars which form the case-
ments from bronze or other suitable metal billets by forcing through dies of
the particular shape required for each section. The bar which forms the inner
upper portion of an outwardly opening casement is very similar in section to
the present construction of bar and forms the inner side of the casement also but
the bar which forms the outer upper portion of the same casement is formed
with a projecting moulding on the inner side and against the outer side
this
of this moulding or projection the glass fits. The portion of
bar which projects outwards and against which the upper edge of the glass rests
is formed near its outer edge with a small slot or channel which serves as a
means for holding the putty for fixing the glass and on the inner surface of
this portion of the bar nearly opposite that part against which the upper edge
of the glass butts a rib or projection is formed, and the portion of the
bar which extends upwards at right angles or thereabout is also formed with a
rib or projection on its inner surface. This section which forms the outer upper
portion of the casement also forms the outer lower portion of the casement and the
sides but when used for the lower portion it is reversed in position--that is to say--
the portion which extends upwards when used for the upper portion of the case-
ment extends downwards when used for the lower portion of the casement. The
section of bar which forms the inner lower portion or sill of the casement..is
formed on the upper inside edge with a semi trough or channel for catching
the water which condenses on the inside of the glass and extends downwardly
from this semi channel. Extending in a downwardly sloping direction from the
outer surface of this portion of the section or bar is a projecting piece the edge
of which fits against the lower inner edge or surface of the bar or section which
forms the lower outer portion of the casement and formed on the inner or upper
surface of this downwardly extending portion is an outwardly projecting angle
piece which when the casement is closed fits onto the rib or projection on the
inner surface of the outer lower bar or section of the casement thus preventing
any water or wind from entering between the movable and fixed portion of the
casement.
In the case of an inwardly opening casement the bar which forms the outer

page_text: upper portion and sides is formed very similar in section to the present con-
struction of bar but the inner upper portion of the casement is formed with a
moulding on its inner lower edge against the outer surface of which the glass
is fixed and extends from the moulding upwards, with a channel at the base on
the outer surface of this upwardly extending portion. The portion which extends
outwards from 'the moulding and against which the upper edge of the glass butts
is formed on its outer surface near the edge with a small groove or channel which
serves as a means for holding the putty for fixing the glass, and on the end
of this outwardly extending portion an upwardly projecting rib is formed. Also
formed on the upper surface of this outwardly extending portion nearly opposite
that part against which the upper edge of the glass butts a rib or projection.
This section which forms the inner upper portion of an inwardly opening case-
ment also forms the sides and inner lower portion of the casement but when
used for the inner lower portion it is reversed-that is to say the moulding
forms the upper edge instead of the lower edge of the section. The bar which
forms the outer lower portion of this casement is similar in section to the bar
which forms the inner lower portion of the outwardly opening casement but
when used for an inwardly opening casement it is reversed-that is to say-the
portion which formed the semi channel in an outwardly opening casement extends
downward and forms a weathering" or protector for preventing the wind and
rain from driving between the inner and outer portions of the casement.
Dated this 24th day of January 1899
ARTHUR HEATON.
HERBERT ARTHUR DUGARD,
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicants, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Casements and their Parts.
We, ARTHUR HEATON and HERBERT ARTHUR DUGARD, of the Firm of Heaton
and Dugard, of Shadwell Street Metal Works, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Metal Rollers, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement;
--
Our invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of casements
and their parts and has particular reference to the bars forming such casements
by which economy in the manufacture is effected as by our invention we only
require three sections of bars to enable us to construct a casement whereas
in the present method four sections are required.
In carrying our invention into practice we make the bars which form the case-
ments from bronze or other suitable metal billets by forcing through dies of
the particular shape required for each section. The bar which forms the inner
upper portion of an outwardly opening casement is very similar in section to
the present construction of bar and forms the inner sides of the casement also but
the bar which forms the outer upper portion the same casement is formed
with a projecting moulding on the inner side and against the outer side
of this moulding or projection the glass fits. The portion of this
bar which projects outwards and against which the upper edge of the glass rest

page_text: is formed near its outer edge with a small slot or channel which serves as a
means for holding the putty for fixing the glass and on the inner surface of
this portion of the bar nearly opposite that part against which the upper edge
of the glass butts a rib or projection is formed and the portion of the
bar which extends upwards at right angles or thereabout is also formed with a
rib or projection on its inner surface. This section which forms the outer upper
portion of the casement also forms the outer lower portion of the casement and the
sides but when used for the lower portion it is reversed in position-that is to say-
the portion which extends upwards when used for the upper portion of the case-
ment extends downwards when used for the lower portion of the casement. The
section of bar which forms the inner lower portion or sill of the casement is
formed on the upper inside edge with a semi trough or channel for catching
the water which condenses on the inside of the glass and extends downwardly
from this semi channel. - Extending in a downwardly sloping-direction from-the-
outer surface of this portion of the section or bar is a projecting piece the edge
of which fits against the lower inner edge or surface of the bar or section which
forms the lower outer portion of the casement and formed on the inner or upper
surface of this downwardly extending portion is an outwardly projecting angle
piece which when the casement is closed fits onto the rib or projection on the
inner surface of the outer lower bor or section of the casement thus preventing
any water or wind from entering between the movable and fixed portion of the
casement.
In the case of an inwardly opening casement the bar which forms the outer
upper portion and sides is formed very similar in section to the present con-
struction of bar but the inner upper portion of the casement is formed with a
moulding on its inner lower edge against the outer surface of which the glass
is fixed and extends from the moulding upwards, with a channel at the base on
the outer surface of this upwardly extending portion. The portion which extends
outwards from the moulding and against which the upper edge of the glass butts
is formed on its outer surface near the edge with a small groove or channel which
serves as a means for holding the putty for fixing the glass, and on the end
of this outwardly extending portion an upwardly projecting rib is formed. Also
formed on the upper surface of this outwardly extending portion nearly opposite
that part against which the upper edge of the glass butts a rib or projection.
This section which forms the inner upper portion of an inwardly opening case-
ment also forms the sides and inner lower portion of the casement but when
used for the inner lower portion is is reversed-that is to say-the moulding
forms the upper edge instead of the lower edge of the section. The bar which
forms the outer lower portion of this casement is similar in section to the bar
which forms the inner lower portion of the outwardly opening casement but
when used for an inwardly opening casement it is reversed that is to say-the
portion which formed the semi channel in an outwardly opening casement extends
downwards and forms a "weathering" or protector for preventing the wind and
rain from driving between the inner and outer portions of the casement.
In order that our invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practical effect we have appended hereunto two double sized sheets of draw-
ings upon which we have illustrated examples of our inwardly and outwardly
opening casements.
Figure 1 is an elevation of an outwardly opening casement constructed according
to our invention shewing the exterior of the casement.
Figure 2 is a similar view to Figure 1 shewing the window partially open.
Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional end view of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an elevation of an inwardly opening casement constructed according
to our invention shewing the exterior of the casement.
Figure 5 is a plan view of Figure 4 shewing the window partially open.
Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional end view of Figure 4.
In carrying our invention into practice we make the bars which form the

page_text: casements from bronze or other suitable metal billets by forcing through dies
of the particular shape required for each section. The bar A which forms the
inner upper portion and sides of the outwardly opening casement. B is very
similar in section to the present construction of bar but the bar. D which forms
the outer upper portion and sides of the same casement is formed with the pro-
jecting moulding on its inner side and against the outer surface of this mould-
ing or projection d' the glass G fits. The portion of this bar against which the
upper edge of this glass rests is formed with the small channel ³ near the outer
edge which serves as a means for holding the putty P with which the glass is.
fixed in position and on the inner surface of this portion d nearly opposite the
part against which the upper edge of the glass butts we form the rib da
rib also being formed on the inner surface of the upwardly extending por-
tion d as clearly shewn at Figure 3. These ribs are provided for the purpose
of checking the water should the wind drive the rain between the joints. The
section D also forms the outer lower portion of the casement B but is reversed
in position that is to say--the portion d when used for the lower portion of
the casement extends downwards. The bar E forming the inner lower
portion or sill is formed on the upper inner edge with the semi trough or
channel e for catching the water which condenses on the inner side of the glass
and this inner portion extends downwards at from this channel. Extending
in a downwardly sloping direction from the outer surface of the part e² is the
projecting piece e the edge of which butts against the lower inner portion of the
part and formed on the inner or upper surface of this sloping part e is the
outwardly projecting angle piece, which, when the casement is closed fits
onto or over the rib of the section D thus preventing any water or wind
from entering between the moveable and fixed portion of the casement. A hole
or holes may be formed at the base of the angle piece so as to allow the
water which enters the trough or channel e¹ to escape.
By forming the bars for an outwardly opening casement as shewn and described
we simplify the construction and effect a saving in the cost of production as only
three sections A, D and E are required.
At Figures 4, 5 and 6 we have shewn our inwardly opening casement F.
In this case the bar H which forms the outer upper portion and sides is formed
very similar in section to the present construction of bar but the bar J forming
the inner upper portion and sides of the casement is formed with the moulding
on its inner lower edge against the outer surface of which the glass G rests and
extends from this moulding upwards at 2 having the channel at the base on
the outer surface. The portion of this bar extending outwards from the mould-
ing and against which the upper edge of the glass butts is formed on its outer
surface with the small groove or channel which serves as a means for holding
the putty with which the glass is fixed and on the end of this portion the
upwardly projecting rib is formed. Also formed on the upper surface of the
portion is the rib or projection 77 which is intended for checking the water
should the wind drive the rain between the joints. The section J also forms
the inner lower portion of the casement F but is reversed in position-that is to
say the moulding forms the upper edge and the part extends downwards.
The bar forming the outer lower portion is of a similar section to the bar E
which forms the inner lower portion or sill of the outwardly opening casement B
but when used for the inwardly opening casement it is reversed-that is to
say the part e¹ extends downwards and forms a weathering or protector for
preventing the wind from driving the rain between the inner and outer portions
of the casement and the part extends upward's butting against the part or
rib 16.
The part e slopes upwards and with the part butts against the
part .
It will also be seen that by forming inwardly opening casements as shewn
we only use three sections H J and E thus simplifying their construction &
effecting a saving in the cost of production.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
CLAIMS.
First: The improvements in casements and their parts and in the manufacture
of the same consisting essentially in so forming the bars that only three sections
are required in the construction or formation and manufacture of such casements
in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn
upon the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Second: In casements the use of the bar such as E for forming the inner
lower portion of an outwardly opening casement and the outer lower portion of
an inwardly opening casement in the particular manner and for the purpose
substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the drawings.
Third: In an outwardly opening casement the bar such as D for forming
the outer upper and lower portions of the casement in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the drawings by
Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Fourth-In an inwardly opening casement the bar such as H for forming
the inner upper and lower portions of the casement in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the drawings by
Figures 4, 5 and 6.
Fifth In the manufacture of casements the combination of the three
bars AD and E and H J and E to form a complete casement substantially as
herein set forth and as shewn upon the drawings.
.
1000
ARTHUR HEATON &
HERBERT ARTHUR DUGARD,
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for the Applicants, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.