A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF EXTRACTING SUBSTANCES SOLUBLE IN ETHER FROM MATTERS OF ANY KIND, BY PREFERENCE APPLICAL APPLICABLE FOR WOOL OF ANY DESCRIPTION AND SEE
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT Otto Braun, Doctor Philosophiae, of Berlin,
Prussia, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF
EXTRACTING SUBSTANCES SOLUBLE IN ETHER FROM MATTERS OF ANY KIND, BY
PREFERENCE APPLICAL
APPLICABLE FOR WOOL OF ANY DESCRIPTION AND SEE "
Sealed the 2nd March 1875, and dated the 17th December 1874.

page_text: ՄԵՐ ԱՆՏԵՍԵԱ,
The second part relates to the extraction of the parts soluble in ether,
such as fat.
The third part relates to the removing of the ether used in the
extracting process by a cold process by means of water, and that with or
without addition of a substance, such as alcohol, which is soluble in
water as well as in ether; I call this substance the auxiliary fluid.
The fourth part relates to the recovery of the ether, and in some cases
also the alcohol or similar substance from the resulting solutions, and
also the recovery of extracted substance.
First. The Preparatory Process.-As a watery fluid only can be
employed for removing the dirt and the substances soluble in water, I
treat the body, say wool for instance, with water, but as this water
must be removed before the extraction of the fat, and as the usual
drying process spoils the quality of the wool and is a tedious and costly
operation, I have invented the following mode of operation, viz. :—The
wool is well steeped in cold water in the extractor vessel, and when the
perspiration has not already been removed thereby I press the wool as
firmly as possible, say between two perforated bottoms; I then close the
vessel and let in a fluid which is soluble in ether as well as in water, say
alcohol of 10° or more.. When this "auxiliary "fluid is lighter than water,
such as alcohol is, I let it in from above, but if heavier than water I let
it in from below. In both cases a certain amount of pressure is required
on the fluid. When the auxiliary fluid, such as spirits, bas driven the
water out of the body under treatment, say wool, then the auxiliary
fluid itself is driven out by the pressure of the ether entering from
above.
Second. The Extraction.-The ether entering into the wool as aforesaid
next dissolves those parts contained in the body under treatment which
are soluble in ether. When it has been made to flow through till it runs
off clear this part of the process is finished and the next begins.
Third. The Removal of the Ether from the Body soaked therein.―This
is accomplished by means of the auxiliary fluid, such as alcohol, which

page_text: I employed in the first part of the process. I drive this auxiliary fluid
through the body in the opposite direction to that in the first part of this
process, and in order to remove the auxiliary fluid from the body soaked
therewith, I thereupon drive water through it, but in the opposito
direction to that in the first part of this operation.
Fourth. Recovery of the Ether and also in some cases of the Auxiliary
Fluid. To accomplish this I submit the solutions (containing water,
ether, the parts dissolved therein, such as fat and the auxiliary fluid) to
distillation and rectification in any suitable apparatus, whereby the ether
and the auxiliary fluid are separated and recovered. All may be received
in one distilling vessel, and the separation be effected by distillation
alone, or several distilling vessels may be so employed that in each of
them only one mixture of two fluids is made to enter, so that in the
distillation two fluids only have to be separated from one another. In
each case the substance extracted by means of the other remains.
For bodies which do not need a previous treatment with water, tho
auxiliary fluid may be dispensed with, and the ether in the wool or other
body is then driven out by water direct, entering from below.
:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Otto Braun, in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th June 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, OTTO BRAUN,
Doctor Philosophiae, of Berlin, Prussia, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Otto Braun, Her special licence that
I, the said Otto Braun, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Otto Braun, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the

page_text: or without addition of a substance, such as alcohol, which is soluble in
water as well as in ether; I call this substance the auxiliary or inter-
mediate fluid.
The fourth part relates to the recovery of the ether, and in some cases 9
also the alcohol or similar substance from the resulting solutions, and
also the recovery of the extracted substance.
1. The Preparatory Process.-As a watery fluid only can be employed
for removing the dirt and the substances soluble in water, I treat the
body, say wool for instance, with water, but as this water must be a
removed before the extraction of the fat, and as the usual drying process

page_text: spoils the quality of the wool and is a tedious and costly operation, I
have invented the following mode of operation, viz. :-The wool is well
steeped in cold water in the extractor vessel, and when the perspiration
or sweat has not already been removed, thereby I press the wool as
firmly as possible, say between two perforated bottoms; I then close the
vessel and let in a fluid which is soluble in ether as well as in water, say
alcohol of 10° or more. When this auxiliary or intermediate fluid is
lighter than water, such as alcohol is, I let it in from above, but if
heavier than water I let it in from below. In both cases a certain.
amount of pressure is required on the fluid. When the intermediato
fluid such as spirits has driven the water out of the body under
treatment, say wool, then the auxiliary fluid itself is driven out by the
pressure of the ether entering from above.
2. The Extraction.-The ether entering into the wool as aforesaid next
dissolves those parts contained in the body under treatment which aro
soluble in ether. When it has been made to flow through till it runs off
clear this part of the process is finished and the next begins.
3. The Removal of the Ether from the Body soaked-therein.-This is
accomplished by means of the intermediate fluid, such as alcohol, which
I employed in the first part of the process. I drive this intermédiate
fluid through the body in the opposite direction to that in the first part
of this process, and in order to remove the intermediate fluid from the
body soaked therewith, I thereupon drive water through it, but in the
opposite direction to that in the first part of this operation...
4. Recovery of the Ether and also in some cases of the Auxiliary Fluid.
-To accomplish this I submit the solutions (containing water, ether, the
parts dissolved therein, such as fat and the intermediate fluid) to
distillation and rectification in any suitable apparatus, whereby the ether
and the intermediate fluid are separated and recovered. All may bo
received in one distilling vessel, and the separation be effected by
distillation alone, or several distilling vessels may be so employed that
in each of them only one mixture of two fluids is made to enter, so that
in the distillation two fluids only have to be separated from one another.)
In each case the substance extracted by means of the ether remains.
For bodies which do not need a previous treatment with water the
intermediate fluid may be dispensed with, and the ether in the wool or
other body is then driven out by water direct entering from below.

page_text: And having thus fully described the nature of this my Invention, I
declare that I claim,-
Firstly. The application of ether alone or in combination with water
for the extraction of fat and other substances from wool, seed, and other
bodies, substantially as herein set forth.
Secondly. The application of an intermediate fluid such as alcohol for
the removal of the water and of the ether substantially as herein set
forth.
Thirdly. The recovery of the solvent and of the intermediate fluid
used in the herein-described process by distillation and rectification
singly or in combination, for the purpose set forth.
And, Fourthly. The combined process consisting of the preliminary
preparation, the extraction, the removal of the ether, and the recovery
of the ether and intermediate fluid, all substantially as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Otto Braun, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.