Improvements in Car Wheels, and Mode of Producing the same..
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895
UUMI LEID DI MULTIVALIVA.
Improvements in Car Wheels, and Mode of Producing the same..'
1, WILLIAM JOHNSTON TAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at
Bound Brook, in the County of Somerset, and State of New Jersey, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
My invention has relation to the manufacture of car wheels particularly for the
service of electric motor cars; and it also has relation to the mode of producing
such a wheel.
The principal objects of my invention are first, to provide a comparatively
simple, cheap, durable and efficient wheel for electric motor car service in which
flattening of the tread and undue wear of the flange in use are avoided; second,
to provide a car-wheel which by the mode of its production is adapted especially
for electric motor car service in that by extended use it offers the best possible
resistance to undue wear of the flange, as well as the avoidance of the flattening
of the tread thereof.
Hitherto it has been found in practice in the manufacture of wheels for electric
motor car service, that in the use of the same metal in the rim for both tread and
flange, it offers poor resistance either to the flattening of the tread through the
wheel sliding upon the rails with the brakes applied thereto or to undue wear of
the flange of the wheel through rounding curves, both of which objectionable
results incident to the use of wheels are calculated to shorten very materially the
life thereof. To overcome the hereinabove recited serious objections in the
use of car-wheels has been a desideratum with car-wheel makers and costly
experimentation has been resorted to, to obviate if possible, flattening of the tread
of a wheel, as well as undue wear of the flange thereof, but without any degree of
success, for the reason, as before stated, if a metal suitable to offer good resistance
to flange wear is used for the entire rim, it will show poor resistance to tread wear
and will flatten. Again on the other hand, if a metal is employed for the formation
of the rim of the wheel that will resist tread wear and flattening, such offers very
poor resistance to flange wear.
My invention stated in general terms, consists of the manufacture of a car-
wheel so that flattening of the tread as well as undue wear of the flange thereof
are obviated; and
My invention further consists of the mode of making a car wheel substantially
as hereinafter described and claimed.
The nature and general scope of my invention will be more fully understood
from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings
forming part hereof; and in which
Figure 1, is a broken central sectional view of a portion of a car wheel
embodying features of my invention, illustrating the tread as being composed of
one metal and established with the body and flange of the wheel of another metal,
with the flange being represented as chilled; and
Fig. 2, is a similar view of a slightly modified form of my invention, showing
the tapered tread and chilled flange.
In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains
to understand and fully appreciate the practical features of novelty thereof,

page_text: I will now proceed to describe a mode of constracting such a wheeltof my invention
and for the purposes hereinbefore explained...
Referring to the drawings a, in Fig. 1, is the tread represented as having a body
of substantially uniform thickness throughout and welded to or otherwise established
with the body b, of the wheel. In Fig. 2, the tread is represented as having a
tapered body established with the wheel by being preferably weided thereto. c, is
the flange of the wheel which is illustrated in the drawings as being chilled. The
chill being indicated by the heavy lines merging with the light lines of the flange
in Fig. 1, while in Fig. 2, by wave lines or scrolls merging or meshing into the
cross hatching of the body of the flange of the wheel.
In the production of. a wheel of my invention the ring, rim or hoop to constitute
the tread a, is made of forged or rolled steel, and preferably of a composition or
temper: that will not, flatten in service and also that will give good resistance to
wear and the flange is made of cast iron as well as the body of the wheel. The
flange being chilled in order to resist tendency to curve wear in use.
The mode of making a car-wheel of my invention is as follows:-
A ring; hoop or tire of required dimensions and' of substantially uniform
thickness. througitout as illustrated in Fig. 1, or slightly thicker on the edge or
side next the flange, as illustrated in Fig. 2, to constitute the tread of the wheel is
provided and is heated' to required temperature so as preferably to be welded to
inolten cast iron in order to form the body and flange of' the wheel. This: ring,
hoop or tire a, is then introduced into a mould just before the metal to constitute
the. body and flange of the wheel is poured. The molten iron by such operation is
fused' or welded to the hot steel rim or tire to form with the same oue solid'
structure, while the flange of the wheel is chilled at the same time.
It may be here remarked that when the steel ring, hoop or tire a, constituting
the tread is welded to the body and flange of the wheel it becomes such an integral
part of the entire structure that no elongation and consequent loosening of the tire
can occur, arising from the wear thereof. In a word, the life and duration of such
a wheel is, prolonged beyond any wheel hitherto known without apparent or actual
flattening of the tread or of undue wear of the chilled flange of the wheel.
Hitherto it has been proposed to provide a wheel in which the body was made
of cast iron and the tread of cast steel embedded in and welded to the body
thereof, and hence I do not wish to be understood as laying claim broadly to the
making of such a wheel; but
Having now particularly described. and, ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what: manner the same is to be performed,.I declare that. what I
claim is :--
1. A car wheel having a tread' of one metal and a hody of another metal and a
chilled. flange, the metallic composition of which is the same as that of the body
of the wheel, substantially as described.
2. A car wheel having a steel tread welded to a cast iron body and a chilled
flange, the metallic composition of which is the same as said body, substantially as
described.
3. A car wheel having a steel tread provided with a tapered body joined to the
body of the wheel and a chilled flange and the body and flange of the same metal,
substantially as described.
4. A car wheel having a metal body provided with a chilled flange, and a tread
of a different metal composition from that of the body and the flange of the same
metal composition as the body and the tread established with the body and flange
of the wheel, substantially as described.
5. The method of making a car wheel, which consists in providing a metal ring,
hoop or tire, heating the same to required temperature to establish with another
metal in a molten state to form the body of the wheel and introducing the same
into a mould before the moment of pouring, and chilling the flange of the same
metal as said body, substantially as and for the purposes described.

page_text: 6. The method of making a car wheel, which consists in providing a steel ring,
hoop or tire, heating the same to required temperature to weld to iron in a highly
molten state and introducing it into a mould just before the moment of pouring of
the iron and chilling partially the iron flange at the same time, substantially as
and for the purposes described.
Dated, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this Ninth day of September-
A D 1805
WILLIAM JOHNSTON TAYLOR.