IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLED PLATES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME, WHICH SAID MECHANISM OR APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE FOR SILAPING OR FORMING ARTICLES FROM SHEETS OF METAL
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Paterson Smith, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLED
PLATES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME, WHICH
SAID MECHANISM OR APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE FOR SILAPING OR FORMING
ARTICLES FROM SHEETS OF METAL"
ealed the 23rd September 1876, and dated the 3rd May 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Paterson Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1876.
JOHN PATERSON SMITH, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLED PLATES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF THE SAME, WHICH SAID MECHANISM OR APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE FOR SHAPING
OR FORMING ARTICLES FROM SHEETS OF METAL."
My Invention relates under the first part to the fashioning of buckled plates,
and that in such manner that their capabilities of carrying loads or bearing thrust
are greatly increased without an increase in the thickness or weight of the blank
plate. And my said Invention consists in double buckling or embossing so that a
load at any point of a plate will be resisted by the combined action of two sets of
arches so placed or formed relatively as to assist each other in the support of the
load. The secondary series of arches which, in combination with the primary arch
of the ordinary buckle plate form the double buckling or embossing, may be
variously disposed relatively to the primary arch. The said buckled plates may be
shaped by the mechanism hereafter described, or by other mechanisin suitable for
the purpose.
The mechanism which constitutes the second part of my Invention, and which
said mechanism may be employed for stamping or embossing sleeper chairs, trays,
and other articles made from sheet metal, consists substantially of a strong top and
bottom plate secured together by columns strong enough to bear the greatest strain
to which they may require to be subjected in buckling, embossing, or dishing the
plates, and to act as guides where necessary for the movable die plate.
On the bottom plate is fixed one of the die plates necessary to give the desired
form to the plate or article to be stamped or embossed. To the top plate is attached
one end of a set of double links free to move on a pin joint; at the other end of
Price GAI

page_text: the double link or toggle the movable die is carried, while to the pin in the centre
joint of the double link the power to move the links at right angles to the axis of
the pins so as to lift and lower the movable die is applied. I prefer as a mode of
communicating motion to the centre pin of the double link or toggle to attach it
direct to the connecting rod of a steam engine, it will however be evident that the
necessary motion may be communicated in a variety of ways.
When it is desired that the plates or sheet metal to be buckled, embossed, or
stamped should have holes punched therein this may be done as follows:-When
the holes to be punched are in such parts of the plate as do not alter their relative
positions during buckling or embossing the punches with corresponding bolsters
may be fixed into the top and bottom dies, but in cases where the plates have to be
in their final form before the holes can be punched this is done by having punches
carried by an independent block or bar, and working through one of the stamping
dies, and which, by means of suitable mechanism, comes into operation after the
stamping or buckling is completed or so far completed that the metal between the
punching tools shall not be moved or affected by the subsequent part of the
operation of stamping. The punching tools may be operated by a separate set of
double links in a manner similar to the embossing or stamping dies above described,
or by a combination of levers and cams actuated by and working in conjunction
with the stamping dies or by suitable independent mechanism. The holes may be
punched vertically, horizontally, or at any desired angle by simple modifications of
the mechanism.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Paterson Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
November 1876.
JOHN PATERSON SMITH, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, Civil Engincor.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLED PLATES, AND IN MECHANISM FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF THE SAME, WHICH SAID MECHANISM OR APPARATUS IS APPLICABLE FOR SILAPING
OR FORMING ARTICLES FROM SHEETS OF METAL"
My Invention relates under the first part to the fashioning of buckled plates,
and that in such manner that their capabilities of carrying loads or bearing thrust
are greatly increased without an increase in the thickness or weight of the blank
plate. And my said Invention consists in double buckling or embossing so that a
load at any point of a plate will be resisted by the combined action of two sets of
arches so placed or formed relatively as to assist each other in the support of the
load. The secondary series of arches which, in combination with the primary arch
of the ordinary buckle plate form the double buckling or embossing may be
variously disposed relatively to the primary arch. The said buckled plates may be
shaped by the mechanism hereafter described or by other mechanism suitable for
the purpose.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.-FIRST PART.
Fig. 1 is a plan looking down, and Fig. 2 a sectional elevation showing the
disposition of the double buckling of a square plate under this head of my
Invention. The primary arch a is shown more clearly in section, Fig. 2, and the
disposition of the secondary arches b radiating from the centre towards the circum-
While the
ference will be readily seen and understood upon reference to Fig. 1.
disposition just described of the secondary arches relatively to the primary arch
will be convenient and best for square, round, and equal sided polygonal plates
radiating from the centre towards the circumferences. It will be evident that when
the plates have sides of unequal dimensions the secondary arches may be variously
disposed in relation to the primary arches, care being taken in all cases to have the

page_text: arching of UHO BECOMary archies as nually as possible 21
thrust.
Although double buckled plates would usually be fashioned by stamping or
pressing iron or steel plates into the desired shape it will be obvious that they
inight bo mado of other malleable metal, and further, that they might be cast in
iron or other metal, or in iron with other metals. It will also be obvious the said
double buckled plates may be so placed for use as to bear the loads on their convex
or concave surfaces, as may be desired. The essential feature of the Invention is
so disposing the buckling that the combined double arches assist each other in
resisting the load or strain; for that purpose, as will be clear, the double buckling
may be variously disposed.
The mechanism which constitutes the second part of my Invention, and which
said mechanism can be advantageously employed for forming sleeper chairs, trays,
and other articles made from sheets of metal will be fully understood from the.
following description containing reference letters and figures to the Drawings. The
said Drawings being made to scale will enable a mechanic of ordinary skill to
construct a similar machine.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.-SECOND PART.
Fig. 3 is a plan looking down on the line A, B; Fig. 4 is a side elovation, the die
framo being in section; and Fig. 5 an end elevation showing a section through the
cylinder and valve on the line C, D. These views show mechanism (which I call a
buckling press) for forming my double buckled plates, but suitable also for fashioning
buckled plates and other articles in connection with two horizontal steam cylinders,
the connecting rods being attached directly to the centro pin of the toggle links of
tho press. They aro all drawn to scale of 11 inches to the foot, and like letters
and figures denote the saine parts on the Figs. referred to.
The top and bottom plates of the press are marked 1, the columns connecting tho
top and bottom plates and bearing the strain of buckling 2, the pin which
connects the top end of upper link to the top plate is marked 3, the centre pin of
toggles 4, and the pins connecting the lower end of toggles with the movable die
holder and punching frame 5. The movable die holder is marked 6, the guido
frame 7, and the brackets of guide frame which carry adjustable guide rollers to
lessen the friction and assist to maintain the dies in their truo position 8. The
toggle link which in this case operate the movable stamping die is marked 9, and
the centre toggle links which operate the punching frame and punches aro
marked 10. The cylinder 11, with its piston rod 12 and connecting rod 13, give a
to-and-fro motion to the toggle link 9, and thereby raise and lower the movable die
while the cylinder 14, with its piston rod 15 and connecting rod 16 givo a to-and-
fro motion to the centre toggle links and work the punching frame and punches.
Figs. 6 and 7 are longitudinal and cross sections of the cylinders and valves
drawn to a scale of one-half of an inch equal to one foot. In ordinary practico a
plate is heated and pressed into the desired form during ono stroko between a
movable die attached to 6 and a stationary die on the bottom plate 1. The dies
may vary in shape.
Fig. 8 is a cross section of a set of dies for making railway sleeper chairs,
showing also the necessary gear for working vertical and horizontal punches. The
lower die which rests upon the bottom plato of the press is marked 17. The
punchings fall through the channels 18 to the main tunnel 19, from which they
can be removed as they accumulate. The top die 20 is secured to the movable dio
holder 6, and the vertical punch holders 21 work through them. The horizontal
punch holders 22 work through the bottom parts of the upper die 20 and tho
guide framo 7, as shown. The punching frame or block 23 carries the vertical
punch holders at its bottom. The horizontal punches are operated by the levers
24 and 25 attached to the punching frame or block by the pin and snug 26. Said
Fig. 8 shows the position of the dies and punches after the stamping and punching
has been completed. It will bo understood that in a case such as that under

page_text: description, where the article to be formed has to assume its final shape before it
can be punched, that the toggle link are first operated and the top die brought
down to its final position, then the s9 tre toggle links 10 are operated and the
punching performed.
cen
Fig. 9 is a part plan, and Fig. 10 an elevation of dies suited to making and
punching double buckled plates at one operation, the top movable die being made
to carry round its edges a series of punches which come into operation when the
buckling is nearly completed.
Fig. 11 is a part plan, and Fig. 12 a view in section and elevation showing dies
adapted for double buckled plates or similar articles, and in which the operation of
buckling or stamping is completed before the punching is done. In this case the
top inovable die is operated by the centre toggle link 10 and the punching frame or
block by the outside links 9. Suitable channels are made in the bottom die for
removing the punches.
Although in operating the buckling press I prefer to use horizontal steam
cylinders from their easy and direct adaptation, it will be evident that by slight
modifications the toggle links might be operated by vertical and inclined cylinders,
and the intervention of levers, cams, or other suitable mechanism.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and illustrated the same
by practicable modifications, I would have it understood that what I claim is,—
First. The double buckled plates, substantially as herein described for the
purposes set forth.
Second. The mechanism operating substantially in the manner herein described
for the manufacture or production of double buckled and other buckled plates, and
for shaping railway sleeper chairs and other articles from sheet metal.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Paterson Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
T D SMITH
J. D
JP SMITH
(LS)