IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRICS CALLED 'PELLONES,' AND USED FOR SADDLE COVERS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR WEAVING OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Jones Crossley, of Hebden Bridge, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRICS CALLED 'PELLONES,' AND USED
FOR SADDLE COVERS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR WEAVING OTHER FABRICS."
Sealed the 22nd June 1858, and dated the 23rd December 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Jones Crossley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd December 1857.
I, DANIEL JONES CROSSLEY, of Hebden Bridge, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRICS CALLED 'PELLONES, AND
USED FOR SADDLE COVERS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR WEAVING OTHER FABRICS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention relates more particularly to a peculiar class of textile fabric
called "pellones," which are well known in the South American trade, and
are generally used for saddle covers. Hitherto such fabrics have been woven
of an even width from end to end, commonly used as so woven, that is, of the
same width throughout, or in some instances afterwards contracted in width in
the middle by sewing, so as to fit the saddle. Now, my improvement consists
in weaving the "pellones" or saddle covers of an unequal or varying width in

page_text: the direction of the length from end to end, that is to say, that the two outer
ends are woven the broadest, and the warp threads are gradually contracted
or narrowed towards the middle of the "pellone," which is the narrowest part
of the fabric. This may be effected by the employment of a peculiarly formed
"reed" in the loom, which is made of a width at the top to correspond with
the width of the widest part of the "pellone," and gradually narrowed to tho
bottom to correspond with the width of the narrowest part or middle of tho
fabric. This reed is caused to rise and fall once during the weaving of a
single "pellone," so that the warp threads passing between the "dents" of
such reed will be gradually contracted and expanded in width as required.
It will be evident that this improved manufacture may also be applied to the
weaving of other fabrics requiring to be woven of different or unequal widths
throughout the length.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Daniel Jones Crossley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd June 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
JONES CROSSLEY, of Hebden Bridge, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of
Iler reign, did, for Herself, Iler heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Daniel Jones Crossley, Her especial license that I, the said Daniel
Jones Crossley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Daniel Jones Crossley, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRICS CALLED 'PELLONES,'
AND USED FOR SADDLE COVERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
WEAVING OTHER FABRICS," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said
Daniel Jones Crossley, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describo and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be

page_text: filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Jones Crossley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:
My Invention relates more particularly to a peculiar class of textile fabrics
called "pellones," which are well known in the South American trade, and are
generally used for saddle covers. Hitherto such fabrics have been woven of
an even width from end to end, and commonly used as so woven, that is, of
the same width throughout, or in some instances afterwards contracted in
width in the middle by sewing, so as to fit the saddle. Now, my improvement
consists in weaving the pellones or saddle covers of an unequal or varying
width in the direction of the length from ond to end, that is to say, that the
two outer ends are woven the broadest, and the warp threads are gradually
contracted or narrowed towards the middle of the "pellone," which is the
narrowest part of the fabric. This may be effected by the employment of a
peculiarly formed "rced" in the loom, which is made of a width at the top to
correspond with the width of the widest part of the pellone, and gradually
'narrowed to the bottom to correspond with the width of the narrowest part or
middle of the fabric. This reed is caused to rise and fall once during the
weaving of a single "pellone," so that the warp threads passing between the
"dents" of such reed will be gradually contracted and expanded in width as
required. It will be evident that this improved manufacture may also be
applied to the weaving of other fabrics requiring to be woven of different or
unequal widths throughout the lengths.
In order that the Invention may be better understood, I have hereunto
attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of about one inch and
a half to a foot, illustrative of the form and construction of the reed
required, and its application to a loom as employed for weaving the
"pellones."
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a loom shewing the reed and its
adaptation thereto; and Fig. 2 is a view of the "pellone" shewing the shape
thereof as woven by the peculiarly formed reed.
In Fig. 1, a, a, is the framing of the loom; and b, b, the reed which rises
and falls once during the weaving of the "pellone;" this action is effected by
the bevil gearing and shaft c, c, which may be actuated from the crank shaft or
other convenient part of the loom.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, together with the

page_text: method of performing the same, 'I would remark, in conclusion, that I claim
manufacturing or making the before-named fabrics called "pellones" in this
peculiar form, by means of the novel shape and description of reed or
other equivalent as applied for this purpose, as herein-before described, set
forth, and fully exhibited in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, tho said Daniel Jones Crossley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight."
D. J. CROSSLEY. (L.s.)