An Improved Blood-forming Substance and Method of Producing the same.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1891.
Complete Specification Left, 5th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 17th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Blood-forming Substance and Method of Producing
the same.
I, Dr. EDUARD RUDOLF KOBERT, Professor of Pharmacology, and Director
of the Institute for Pharmacology, of 13 and 14 Marienhofsche Strasse, Dorpat, in
the Empire of Russia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
same.
My invention relates to a blood-forming substance and method of producing the
This blood-forming substance or iron preparation is produced from blood
and is eminently suitable for the resorption of the iron in the intestinal tube. It
excels iron albuminates, iron peptonates, hemoglobin preparations by the greater
utilization of the iron it contains.
Extensive experiments have demonstrated that during the action of reducing
or deoxidizing agents upon defibrinated blood a precipitate is separated from the
latter, this precipitate containing about 47.5 per cent. of carbon, up to about
1 per cent. of iron, and about 12 per cent. of nitrogen. This substance differs very
materially not only from hemoglobin and methemoglobin which contain from
about 53 to 54 per cent. of carbon, but also from hematin with about 8.8 per cent.
of iron and as much nitrogen. It also differs from other iron preparations, such
as iron albuminates, iron peptonates and from the ordinary hemoglobin preparations
by the greater utilization of the iron it contains, and by the greater digestibility
with less effort of the digesting action of the organs, because it has already
completed the reducing or deoxidizing process which the said preparations as well
as taken blood have to undergo in the intestinal tube owing to the action of the
reducing or deoxidizing intestinal bacteria which are always present.
According to the present invention I obtain a blood-forming substance or iron
preparation from blood by allowing any desired reducing or deoxidizing agents
to act directly upon the latter. This may be explained by the following examples.
In the employment of pyrogallic acid as a reducing or deoxidizing agent the
fresh (defibrinated) blood suitably diluted with water is poured together with a
cold saturated solution of the aforesaid acid, equal parts of this solution and of the
blood being sufficient. A voluminous precipitate is produced which is washed ont
until pyrogallic acid can no longer be traced. It is expedient to wash the precipitate
finally with alcohol. The red-brown substance obtained after the drying is the iron
preparation hereinbefore described.
When use is made of a reducing or deoxidizing agent, such as zinc iron which
introduces foreign solid substances into the precipitate it is of course necessary to
separate the precipitating iron preparation from the other solid substances, this
being conveniently effected by further treatment of the precipitate with a suitable
solvent of the iron preparation such as with a saturated aqueous solution of
ammonium carbonate.
In such cases the brown precipitate, which is formed by shaking with zinc dust
defibrinated blood suitably diluted with water, can be introduced after the washing
of the same into a saturated solution of ammonium carbonate and well triturated
with the same, the iron preparation which has passed into the precipitate being at
once dissolved, forming a beautifully red liquid. This liquid is preferably diluted
with water, and then neutralized with highly diluted hydrochloric acid. After the
escape of the carbonic acid the iron preparation is obtained by itself as a brown-
red' precipitate which for the purpose of removing the salammoniac produced is

page_text: washed out with water and then dried. The drying may take place over sulphuric
acid and calcium chloride.
Dated this 16th day of November 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMI LETE DI MULLICATION.
An Improved Blood-forming Substance and Method of Producing
the same.
I, Dr. EDUARD RUDOLF KOBERT, Professor of Pharmacology, and Director
of the Institute for Pharmacology, of 13 and 14 Marienhofsche Strasse, Dorpat, in
the Empire of Russia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
same.
My invention relates to a blood-forming substance and method of producing the
This blood-forming substance or iron preparation is produced from blood
and forms an exceedingly suitable vehicle from which the absorption of the iron
into the intestinal tube may take place. It is superior to iron albuminates, iron
peptonates, and hemoglobin preparations by the greater utilization of the iron it
contains.
Numerous experiments have demonstrated that during the action of reducing or
deoxidizing agents upon defibrinated blood, a precipitate is separated from the
latter, this precipitate containing about 475 per cent. of carbon up to about
1 per cent. of iron, and about 12 per cent. of nitrogen. This substance differs very
materially not only from hemoglobin and methemoglobin which contain from about
53 to 54 per cent. of carbon, but also from hematin containing about 8.8 per cent.
of iron and as much nitrogen. It also differs from other iron preparations, such
as iron albuminates, iron peptonates and from the ordinary hemoglobin preparations,
by the greater utilization of the iron it contains, and by the greater digestibility
with less effort of the digesting organs, because it has already completed the
reducing or deoxidizing process which the said preparations as well as any blood
taken have to undergo in the intestinal tube owing to the action of the reducing or
deoxidizing intestinal bacteria which are always present.
こ
According to the present invention I obtain a blood-forming substance or iron
preparation from blood by allowing any desired reducing or deoxidizing agents to
act directly upon the latter. This may be explained by the following examples.
In the employment for instance of pyrogallic acid as a reducing or deoxidizing
agent the fresh (defibrinated) blood suitably diluted with water is poured together
and mixed with a cold saturated solution of the aforesaid acid equal parts of this
solution and of the blood being sufficient. A voluminous precipitate is produced
which is washed until pyrogallic acid can no longer be traced, it being advisable to
wash the precipitate finally with alcohol. The red-brown substance obtained after
the drying is the iron preparation hereinbefore mentioned.
When use is made of a reducing or deoxidizing agent, such as zinc, iron and
the like thus introducing foreign solid substances into the precipitate, it is of
course necessary to separate the precipitating iron preparation from the other
solid substances, this being conveniently effected by further treatment of the pre-
cipitate with a suitable solvent of the iron preparation. such as with a saturated
aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate.
In such cases the brown precipitate, which is formed by shaking defibrinated
blood with zinc dust, the mixture being suitably diluted with water, can be introduced
after the washing of the same into a saturated solution of ammonium carbonate and
well triturated with the same, the iron preparation which has passed into the

page_text: precipitate being at once dissolved forming a beautiful red liquid. This liquid is
preferably diluted with water, and then neutralized with highly diluted hydro-
chloric acid. After the escape of the carbonic acid the iron preparation is
obtained by itself as a brown-red precipitate, which, for the purpose of removing
the sal-ammoniac produced, is washed with water and then dried, the drying being
suitably effected for instance over sulphuric acid and calcium chloride.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
+
First. A method of producing by the action of reducing agents upon blood, a
blood-forming body, that is, an iron preparation which may be readily absorbed
into the system.
Second. A blood-forming agent or iron preparation easily absorbed into the
system, which is produced from blood by the action of reducing agents upon the
latter, the said preparation being insoluble in water and alcohol, but soluble in a
concentrated solution of ammonium carbonate.
Dated this 5th day of Ananst 1802
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.