and for other like Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 11th May, 1889
and for other like Purposes.
I RICHARD HAWKES of No. 33 High Street Stratford on Avon in the County
of Warwick Pharmaceutical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the construction and combination of the parts hereinafter
described of apparatus for flushing water closets and urinals and for other like
purposes. I will describe my invention in connection with the flushing of a water
closet.
The down or flushing pipe passing to the water closet extends upwards nearly to the
level of the top of the cistern holding the flushing water the top of the extended down
pipe being preferably expanded or bell mouthed. Over the said extended down pipe is a
fixed bell or inverted hollow cylinder closed at top the open bottom of the said bell or
hollow cylinder resting on feet on the bottom of the cistern so that the interior of the
bell is open to or in communication with the flushing cistern. Near the middle of the
flushing cistern and enclosing the fixed bell and extended down pipe is an angular
diaphragm or division the said-diaphragm-making-with-one of the sides of the flushing
cistern a case open at one side. The said open sided case is closed at top by a plate
or cover on the underside of which the bell or inverted hollow cylinder may be
conveniently cast or fixed. In the open side of this case a large weighted flap or door
works freely the said flap or door when in its vertical or normal position constituting
the fourth side of the case containing the bell and down pipe. This flap or door is
carried by a cross horizontal axis the ends of which work in holes near the top of the
sides of the flushing cistern. The axis of the weighted flap or door carries an arm
or lever to the end of which a hand chain is connected for operating the flushing
apparatus. In the bottom of the jointed and weighted flap or door is a hanging
valve opening inwards for permitting of the rapid emptying of the cistern when the
syphon action is set up as herein after explained.

page_text: The flushing cistern is provided with the ordinary ball valve for cutting off the
supply of water to the cistern when the level of the water has risen to the desired
height and for refilling the empty cistern as is well understood.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:--When the flushing cistern is filled with
water the open sided case enclosing the bell and extended down pipe is also filled
with water the level of the water in the said case reaching just below the expanded
month or open top of the down pipe and nearly filling the bell. On pulling down the
chain attached to the arm or lever on the axis of the weighted flap or door the said
flap or door is pressed into the case forcing before it and displacing the water in the
said case and causing the displaced water to overflow the top of and enter the down
pipe. A syphon action is thereby set up and the cistern is rapidly emptied of its
contents and the flushing of the water closet effected. Immediately the syphon action
is set up the pressure of the water in the flushing cistern opens the hanging valve at
the bottom of the weighted flap or door through which open valve the said water
passes so as to rapidly empty the cistern.
When the band chain is released the flap or door is returned to its normal or
vertical position by the action of the weight attached to it and the empty cistern is
refilled with water by the ball valve and the flushing apparatus is again ready
for use.
For the purpose of cutting off the supply of water to the cistern until the said
cistern has been emptied I place on the axis of the weighted flap or door and
immediately above the arm of the ball valve a short arm or lever which short arm or
lever when the flushing apparatus is put into action by the pulling down of the hand
chain and the forcing inwards of the flap or door is brought in front of the plug of
the ball valve and holds the said plug in its closed position and cuts off the supply
of water to the cistern: When the hand chain is released and the flap or door is
returned to its normal position the short arm or lever on the axis of the said flap is
removed from the plug of the ball valve when the ball valve arm can descend and
open the valve and refill the cistern.
Dated this 4th day of August 1888

page_text: DI BUTICAIION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Flushing Water Closets and Urinals
and for other like Purposes.
I RICHARD HAWKES of No. 33 High Street Stratford-on-Avon in the County
of Warwick Pharmaceutical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of the construction and combination of the parts hereinafter
described of apparatus for flushing water closets and urinals and for other like
purposes.
I will describe my invention in connection with the flushing of a water closet.
The down or flushing pipe passing to the water closet extends upwards to a short
distance above the level of the top of the cistern holding the flushing water, the top
of the extended down pipe being preferably expanded or bell mouthed. Over the
said extended down pipe is a fixed bell or inverted hollow cylinder closed at top
the open bottom of the said bell or hollow cylinder resting on feet on the bottom
of the cistern so that the interior of the bell is open to or in communication with
the flushing cistern. Near the middle of the flushing cistern and enclosing the fixed
bell and extended down pipe is an angular diaphragm or division the said diaphragm
making with one of the sides of the flushing cistern a case open at one side. The
said open sided case is closed at top by a plate or cover on the underside of which
the bell or inverted hollow cylinder may be conveniently cast or fixed. In the op
side of this case a large weighted flap or door works freely the said flap or door when
in its vertical position constituting the fourth side of the case containing the bell and
down pipe. This flap or door is carried by a cross horizontal axis the ends of which
work in holes near the top of the sides of the flushing cistern. The axis of the
weighted flap or door carries an arm or lever to the end of which a hand chain is
connected for operating the flushing apparatus. In the bottom of the jointed and
weighted flap or door is a hanging valve opening inwards for permitting of the rapid
emptying of the cistern when the syphon action is set up as hereinafter explained.
The flushing cistern is provided with the ordinary ball valve for cutting off the
supply of water to the cistern when the level of the water has risen to the desired
height and for refilling the empty cistern as is well understood.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-When the flushing cistern is filled with
water the open sided case enclosing the bell and extended down pipe is also filled
with water, the level of the water in the said case reaching just below the expanded
mouth or open top of the down pipe and nearly filling the bell. On pulling down
the chain attached to the arm or lever on the axis of the weighted flap or door the said
flap or door is pressed into the case forcing before it and displacing the water in the
said case and causing the displaced water to overflow the top of and enter the down
pipe. A syphon action is thereby set up and the cistern is rapidly emptied of its
contents an: the flushing of the water closet effected. Immediately the syphon
action is set up the pressure of the water in the flushing cistern opens the hanging

page_text: valve at the bottom of the weighted flap or door through which open valve the said
water passes so as to rapidly empty the cistern.
When the hand chain is released the flap or door is returned to its normal position
by the action of the weight attached to it and the empty cistern is refilled with water
by the hall valve and the flushing apparatus is again ready for use.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents in vertical longitudinal section
and Figure 2 in plan, apparatus for flushing water closets and urinals and for other
like purposes constructed according to my invention, the parts being in position for
effecting the flushing operation; Figure 3 represents a vertical longitudinal section
and Figure 4 a cross section of the same after the syphon action has been set up and
the flushing operation is being performed.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawings.
a is the flushing cistern and is the ordinary ball or float valve for automatically
refilling the empty cistern and for cutting off the supply of water to the cistern when
the level of the water has risen to the desired height: is the down or flushing pipe
passing to the water closet or place to be flushed and d is the extended down pipe.
The said pipe d is extended upwards to a short distance above the level of the top of
the cistern as represented and the top of the said pipe d has the expanded figure
represented; e is the fixed bell or inverted hollow cylinder closed at top and projecting
a short distance above the level of the top of the cistern the open bottom of the said
bell or hollow cylinder resting on foot on the bottom of the cistern so that the interior
of the bil is open to the flushing water in the cistern a; fis the angular diaphragm
or division cast in one piece with the cistern the said diaphragm making with the
side a² of the cistern a a case open at the side marked which case encloses-the fixed
belle and the extended down pipe d. The open sided casef, is closed at top by the
plate or cover g carrying on its underside the bell or inverted cylinder e as seen in
the sections Figures 1 and 3; is the weighted flap or door working freely in the
open side of the case f, f the said flap or door h when in its vertical position
constituting the fourth side of the case (see Figure 3): is the cross horizontal axis
on which the flap or door is fixed the ends of the said axis turning in the sides of
the cistern, (see Figures 2 and 4). The axis i carries at one side the arm or
lever to the end of which the hand chain is connected for operating the flushing
apparatus and the said axis carries at the other side, the weight m for causing the flap
or door to take the position represented in Figure 1 when the hand chain is loosed:
n is the hanging valve opening inwards in the bottom of the door or flap for
permitting of the rapid emptying of the cistern when the syphon action is set up.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:
use.
It will be seen by an examination of Figure 1 that when the flushing cistern a
is filled with water the open sided case and bell e are also filled with water the
level of the water in the bell reaching a little below the expanded top or mouth of the
said bell. It will also be seen that the weighted door or flap h has an inclined
position in the case f f and cistern a. The level of the water in the cistern
represented in Figure 1 is its normal level and the position represented of the flap or
door in the said Figure 1 is its normal position and the flushing cistern is ready for
On pulling down the chain / attached to the arm or lever k on the axis i of the
weighted flap or door h, the said flap or door is pressed inwards taking the vertical
position represented in Figure 3 its lower part passing into and the said flap or door
being now wholly within the case. By the advance or pressing inwards of the
flap or door hit forces before it and displaces the water in the case and thereby
raises the level of the water in the bell e and causes the said water to overflow the top
of and enter the extended down pipe d. A syphon action is thereby set up as
illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 and the cistern is rapidly emptied of its contents and
the flushing of the water closet or place effected.
During the syphon action the pressure of the water opens and maintains open the
hanging valve n in the flap or door through which open valve the water passes on
its way to the bell e and down pipe d.

page_text: On releasing the hand chain after the flushing operation, the flap or door h
returns to the position represented in Figures.1 and 2 by the action of the weight m
and the empty cistern is refilled by the float valve band is again ready for a second
flushing operation and so on.
Instead of arranging the arm or lever k on the axis i opposite the flap or door h
as represented in the Drawing, the arm or lever may be arranged near the other end
of the said axis i and opposite the weight m as indicated at Figure 2. By giving
the pull down arm or lever the position indicated at Figure 2, the splashing of the
displaced water through the slot in the cover g when the flushing apparatus is put
into action is avoided as when the pull down arm or lever is arranged at the indicated
position, the top of the case ff can be completely covered by the lid or cover g, no
slot being necessary.
By making the top of the down pipe d of the flushing apparatus extend a short
distance above the level of the top of the cistern as described and illustrated, the
cistern is made to serve as a water waste preventer should the ball valve b leak and
the overflow pipe p be accidentally or intentionally stopped. In the case supposed
the height of the down pipe d prevents the water which has risen in the cistern
above its normal level from escaping down the said pipe d but the water when the
cistern is full will overflow the top of the said cistern and thereby call the attention
of the occupant of the house or place in which the flushing apparatus is situated that
the ball valve is leaking.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The combination or arrangement of the parts hereinbefore described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings of apparatus for flushing by a syphon actio. water
closets and urinals and for other like purposes; that is to say, the combination of the
valved weighted flap or door h carried by the cross axis i, to which the pull down arm
or lever is connected, with the supplementary case or chamber f, f' containing the
syphon apparatus substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated the Thirtieth day of March 1889.