A NEW SYSTEM OF APPLYING THE AIR FROM THE BELLOWS AND OTHER MEANS TO THE FORGE
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Cliff; of the Queen's Hotel, St. Martin's le
Grand, in the City of London, for the Invention of "A NEW SYSTEM OF
APPLYING THE AIR FROM THE BELLOWS AND OTHER MEANS TO THE FORGE."-
A communication.
Sealed the 27th November 1857, and dated the 18th July 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Cliff at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th July
1857.
I, WILLIAM CLIFF, of the Queen's Hotel, St. Martin's le Grand, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW SYSTEM OF APPLYING THE AIR PROM THE BELLOWS AND OTHER MEANS TO THE
FORGE," (a communication,) to be as follows:-
The object of this system is to apply the air from the bellows and other
means to the forge, and to effect an improvement in the smith's forge, and all
such where the wind is created by a bellows or ventilator. This improvement
consists of the suppression of the old pipe and the substitution of a new one,
through which the air is conducted by an orifice opening into the grating,
and by this means acts laterally on the substance to be heated.
1st. The wind operates from the middle of the grating immediately beneath
the substance to be heated.

page_text: 2d. The action of wind may be modified by means of a register regulating
its force.
Sd. The obstruction of the feeding orifice of the pipe is impossible, uny
register being constructed in such a manner that its rotatory action pulverises
the corrosion formed at the opening.
4th. A great economy of combustible.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Cliff in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th December 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLIFF, of the Queen's Hotel, Saint Martin's le Grand, in the City of London,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Cliff, Her special licence that I, the said William Cliff, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Cliff, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW SYSTEM OF APPLYING
THE AIR FROM THE BELLOWS AND OTHER MEANS TO THE FORGE," a communication,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Cliff, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their bands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Cliff, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-

page_text: The object of this system is to apply the air from the bellows and other
means to the forge, and to effect an improvement in the smith's forge, and all
such where the wind is created by bellows or ventilator. This imprevement
consists of the suppression of the old pipe and the substitution of a new one,
through which the air is conducted by an orifice opening into a reservoir or
air box, and which by this means the wind acts perpendicular beneath the
substance to be heated.
1st. The wind operates from the middle of the reservoir immediately beneath
the substance to be heated.
2nd. The action of the wind may be modified by means of a register, which
regulates its force.
3rd. The obstruction of the feeding orifice of the pipe is impossible, the
register being constructed in such a manner so that its rotatory action, when
required, pulverises the corrosion formed at the opening.
4th. A great economy of fuel.
5th. Greater facilities for heating purposes.
The construction and working of our apparatus is as follows:-The Figures
1, 2, 3, 4, being analagous and reckoned on the scale of 1 of an inch, show
the application of the pipe to an ordinary forge. It must be observed, that
these proportions are not given as a standard, inasmuch as the gratings may
vary considerably in their form and dimensions.
Figure 1st, shows the grating in front, an iron bar being heated, b, c, d, d;
Figure 2 is the vertical section according to the axis A to G; Figure 3 is the
vertical section according to E to K; Figure 4 is the horizontal section
according to a; Figures 5, 6, 7, are so called, of detail. Figure 8 is similar
to the above with the exception of the trap or valve, instead of which a pipe
conveys the dross or cinders from the reservoir, and at the end of this pipe is
fixed a plug to make the pipe air-tight; and when it is necessary to clear
the reservoir, close the register or regulator, remove the plug, and a blast
from the bellows, &c. will clear the apparatus. Figure 9 is of another form,
with two or more tubes, as may be required.
SYSTEM OF OPERATION.
The air which is created by a bellows, ventilator, &c. passes through a pipe
into a tube which adheres to the pipe, and opens into a reservoir, which
becomes filled with air. If the register be shifted by means of the rod, the
air will escape through its orifice and communicate with the fuel. To pre-
vent an accumulation of dross or cinders which might fall through the

page_text: orifice into the reservoir, there is at the bottom of this reservoir a trap or
valve worked by a rod, and when it is found necessary to discharge this accu-
mulation which has gathered, it is simply requisite to turn it over, and a coun-
terpoise, &c. affixed will bring the trap to its original position. Lappings
or supports adhering to the reservoir are used to fix the apparatus in the
brickwork.
It must be understood that the dimensions and form of the apparatus may
be varied according to the requirements of use and fixture.
SPECIAL AND DESCRIPTIVE NOTICE OF FIGURES 5, 6, 7, AND 8.
The Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 show the application of the apparatus of this
system; this is a general instance, the adaptation varying to suit existing
forges.
The apparatus consists, Fig. 5, 6, 7, & 8, of a tube B, to which is joined'
the bottom end of the air pipe of a reservoir or air chamber, which receives
tube B and another C, whose junction is mentioned below. At the top of the
chamber there is a vent hole, which may be closed by means of the register d,
set in action by the rod e, e, placed ad hoc.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Cliff, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
WILLIAM CLIFT. (L.S.)