IMPROVEMENTS IN WEFT- WINDING MACHINES, BOTH FOR WINDING ON BOBBINS AND COPS, ALSO FOR SHUTTLE TO HOLD THE COP WHEN WEAVING."
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Longbottom, of the Nelson Foundry, Barnsley,
in' the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEFT-
WINDING MACHINES, BOTH FOR WINDING ON BOBBINS AND COPS, ALSO FOR
SHUTTLE TO HOLD THE COP WHEN WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Williain Longbottom' at the
- Office of the Commissioners' of Patents, with his Pétition, on the 30th-
September 1865.
I, WILLIAM LONGBOTTOM, of the Nelson Foundry, Barnsley, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WEPT-WINDING MACHINES, BOTH FOR WINDING ON BOBBINS AND COPS, ALSO FOR
A SHUTTLE TO HOLD THE COP WHEN WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in driving the spindles of weft-winding machines by
means of bevil friction, and also in making that part of the spindle which
receives the bevil wheel hollow, whereby the motion is communicated thereto,
and the top, part of the spindle is made smaller with a square, oblong, or other
shaped hole, by these means the top part of the spindle can be driven by the
lower" part, and still allow the spindle to slide up and down free and easy..,
The top part of the aforesaid spindle carries a weight or knob which can be

page_text: made heavier or lighter to suit different kinds of yarn, the said weight serves
also to disengage the spindle when full by coming into contact with an incline
on the top of a lever employed to throw the spindle out of motion by pushing
off the catch on the bottom of a vertical lever, thus relieving a weighted
horizontal lever employed for raising the bottom part of the spindle with the
friction wheel from another larger wheel situated on a horizontal shaft work-
ing under the centre of the vertical spindles of the machine.
A further improvement consists in bringing the back and front of winding
machines so near together that one traverse shaft does for both sides, one side
going down whilst the other side is going up, thereby balancing each other, and
thus obtaining increased speed without vibration, and economizing space and
material. The traverse motion may be driven by an ordinary crank at the
end of the machine inserted in a spur wheel, which receives its motion-from-
the horizontal shaft of the machine.
A further improvement consists of an expansion motion to regulate the
yarn, and keep it at an equal degree of tension in passing from the bobbin
or swift on to the weft spindle, I propose to effect this by means of a slide
with an eye or projecting part for the yarn, to pass under, so that when the
traverse motion is passing from the large part of the weft spindle down to the
small part thereof, the aforesaid slide descends and takes up the slack, yarn
by means of a spring or weight, and as the. traverse rises to wind on to the
part larger in diameter the slide is drawn up, thereby preventing the yarn from
running on to the weft spindle slack. The aforesaid spring may either be
attached to the side direct or by means of a short lever, the said spring being
connected by one end near to the fulcrum and the other end to the slide, thus
regulating the flow of yarn from. the bobbins, the rail that holds the bobbins
is fixed in an incline, and the spindle that holds the bobbin has at the bottom
thereof a piece of flannel or other cloth for the bobbin ends to work on,; thus
the rail may be moved from a perpendicular position, to a horizontal one.for
obtaining the desired degree of tension for the various qualities of yarn.
… זיי.
The following is the improved method I propose to employ for holding the
-cop in the shuttle when weaving:-I take an ordinary shuttle and in the place
where the tongue thereof is inserted, I place a spring clip made of either brass,
iron, steel,
or other suitable metal of a horse-shoe form, except that the ends
or "arms are made nearly parallel to each other, and the inside thereof made
to spring inwards, and so accomodate themselves to various diameters, and
thus retain the cop until the material is all-drawn.away. On the circular end
of the aforesaid clip, and in the centre thereof, is inserted a square end which
works on a spring, similar to the spring shuttle now in use, so that when the
L

page_text: clip-is-lifted-up out of the box part of the shuttle the clip will easily open to
receive the cop, and when shut down into the box part of the shuttle the
spring of the clips will become stronger and thus retain the cop fast in its
place.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Longbottom in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME.. I, WILLIAM
LONGBOTTOM, of the Nelson Foundry, Barnsley, in the County of York, send
greeting,
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Longbottom, Her special licence that I, the said William Long-
bottom, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such, others as I, the said
William Longbottom, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully. might make
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WEPT-WINDING MACHINES, BOTH FOR WINDING ON BOBBINS AND COPS, ALSO FOR A
SHUTTLE TO HOLD THE COP WHEN. WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Longbottom, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, shoul
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in.
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Longbottom, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by. the following
statement, that is to say:-
This Invention.consists in driving the spindles of weft-winding machines by.
means of bevil friction, and also in making that part of the spindle which.
receives the bevil wheel hollow, whereby the motion is communicated thereto,,

page_text: and the top part of the spindle is made smaller with a square, oblong, or
other shaped hole'; by these means the top part of the spindle.cân' be driven
by the lower part; and still allow the spindle to slide up and down free-and
easy. . The top part of the aforesaid spindle carries a weight or knob, which!
can be made heavier or lighter to suit different kinds of yarn; the said weight.
serves also to disengage the spindle when full, by coming into contact with
an incline on the top of a lever employed to throw the spindle out of motion
by pushing off the catch on the bottom of a vertical lever, thus relieving a
weighted borizontal lever employed for raising the bottom part of the spindle
with the friction wheel. from another larger wheel situated on a horizontal
shaft working under the centre of the vertical spindles of the machine: ☺☺
A further improvement consists bringing the back and front of winding
machines so near together. that one traverse shaft does for both sides, one side
going down whilst the other side is going up, thereby balancing each other,
and thus obtaining'
taining increased speed without vibration, and economizing space
and material. The traverse 'motion may be driven by an ordinary crank at
receives its
it's inotibii
the end of the machine inserted in a spur wheel, which
from the horizontal shaft of
of the machine.
1.1.
an eye
9
LAWTT.
:?
A further improvement consists
onsists of an expansion motion to regulate the yarn
and keep. it at an equal degree of tension in Bassing from the bobbin of
swift on to the weft spindle. propose to effect this by means of a' slitle, Willi
'cre or projecting part for the yarn to pass under, so that when the traverse
motion is passing from the e large part of the Weft spindle down to the small part
thereof, the aforesaid slide
oresaid slide descends and takes up the slack yarn by means of
a spring or weight, and as the traverse rises to wind on to the part larger in
diameter the slide is drawn up, thereby preventing the'y yarn from running on
to the weft-spindle Slack. The aforesaid spring may either be attached to the
slide direct, or by means of a short lever; the said spring being conne
one end near to the fulcrum and the other end to the slide, 'thuis' regulating
12. Siis "the rail that holds the bobbins is fixed in
the flow of yarn from the bobbins;
If
stars the Bobbin has at the bottom thereof à
an incline, and the spindle that
piece of flannel or other cloth for the "bobbin ends to work on, thus the rail
may be moved from a perpendicular position to a horizontal one for obtaining
of tension for the various qualities of yarn.
1.2 10 VA
dai,
the desired degree of tension.
..
The following is
improved
cr
connected by
the bed method I propose to employ for holding the
cop in the shuttle when weaving: I take-an-ordinary-shuttle-and-in-the
place where the tongue thereof is inserted I place a spring clip, made of either
brass, iron, steel, or other suitable métal of a liörse-shoe form, except that the
ends or armis are made nearly parallel, to each other, and the inside thereof

page_text: !
made to spring inwards, and so accomodate themselves to various diameters,=
and thus retain the cop until the material is all drawn away. On the circular
end of the aforesaid clip, and in the centre thereof, is inserted a square end,
which works on a spring, similar to the spring shuttle now in use, so that
when the clip is lifted up out of the box part of the shuttle the clip will easily
open to receive the cop; and when shut down into the box part.of, the shuttle.
the spring of the clips will become stronger and thus retain the cop fast in
its place.
i
.In, other words; my. Invention relates to a novel arrangement of weft-
winding machinery, so arranged that weft may be wound on bobbins, small
tubes, or on the spindle; in the two latter cases the spindle is arranged so as
to slide in the bottom part of the spindle, the top being steadied by the cup
that it can be lifted out of the machine, and the weft drawn off similar to the
plan adopted by Willis and Chill, only with larger and stronger spindles, and
instead of the weight being fast on the spindle, I employ a weight in two
parts; one fitting into the other, that either one or both may be used at the
same time to accomodate the winding of either strong or light yarns; and
by leaving off both weights, or employing a very small one, dyed cotton yarns
may be wound. These weights slide up and down a vertical rod or pin fixed
into a projection on the side of the cup, the other end resting on the top of
the spindle. The lower part of these spindles carries a bevil wheel, the inside
face of which, if covered with leather, drives much stronger and noiseless.
The top parts of this wheel projects over the driving wheel, which answers
the double purpose of taking the friction off the spindle brackets and prevents
the wheels pushing the horizontal shaft end ways; this. horizontal shaft
carries a bevil wheel to each spindle, which is fixed under the centre, of the
spindles.
A further improvement consists in bringing the back and front of, winding
machines; so near together that one traverse shaft does, for both sides, one
side going down whilst the other is going up, thereby balancing each other,
and thus obtaining increased speed without vibration, and economizing
space and material. The traverse motion is driven by an ordinary crank at
the end of the machine. The stud is inserted in a dovetailed groove in a
face plate cast on the spur wheel, which receives its, motion from the hori
zontal shaft of the machine, the crank pin being fitted with a bush that slidės
in a slot in the end of the lever that bangs perpendicularly down from the
rocking sliaft. The top end of this lever is fitted with a screw and circular
slots, so that the shaft carrying the threads can be set to the cups.
Asfurther improvement consists of an expansion niption to regulate, the

page_text: yarn, and keep it at an equal degree of tension in passing from the bobbin or
swift on to the weft spindle. I propose to effect this by means of a slide with
an eye or projecting part for the yarn to pass under, so that when the traverse
motion is passing from the large part of the weft spindle down to the small
part thereof, the aforesaid slide descends and takes up the slack yarn by means
of a spring or weight, and as the traverse rises to wind on the part larger-in
diameter the slide is drawn up, thereby preventing the yarn from running on
to the weft spindle slack. The aforesaid weight may be attached by means
of a short lever being connected near to the fulcrum. The fulcrum of this
lever is fixed to a stud on a vertical lever, so that this lever weight and slide
answer the purpose of both regulating the yarn and holding the vertical lever
on the catch while the yarn-is-running-on, but-as--soon-as_the_end_breaks_or_
runs off the slide falls to the bottom and stops the spindle, thus regulating
the flow of yarn from the bobbins; the rail that holds the bobbin is fixed in
an incline, and the spindle that holds the bobbin has at the bottom thereof a
piece of flannel or other cloth for the bobbin ends to work on, thus the rail
may be used from a perpendicular position to a horizontal 'one for obtaining
the desired degree of tension for the various qualities of yarn; but to wind
different qualities of yarn at the same time, and which answers for all kinds
yarn without moving the rail, I use a lever, one end of which is lined
with wood, flannel, or other material; this end rests on the yarn, and a small
weight which moves from or to the fulcrum varies the pressure, which is self-
regulating, from the full bobbin to the empty one. -
of
The following is the improved method I propose to employ for holding the
bobbin in the shuttle when weaving:-I take an ordinary shuttle and in the
place where the tongue thereof is inserted I place a spring clip made of
either brass, iron, steel, or other suitable metal, of a horse-shoe form, except
that the ends or arms are made nearly parallel to each other, and the inside
thereof is made to spring inwards, and so. accomodate, themselves to various
diameters, and thus retain the bobbin until the material is all drawn away.
On the circular end of the aforesaid clip, and in the centre thereof, is inserted
a square end, which works on a spring similar to the spring-shuttle now in use,
so that when the clip is lifted up out of the box part of the shuttle, the clip
will easily open to receive the bobbin, and when shut down into the box, part
of the shuttle the spring of the clips will become stronger, and thus retain the
bobbin fast in its place.
And in order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible;. I now

page_text: Drawings accompanying these I resents, and to the numeral ngures and renters
of reference marked thereon, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents an end view of a winding machine with my improve-..
ments applied thereto; Figure 2 a front elevation corresponding with Figure 1',
but taken, at right angles thereto; Figure 3. a plan. view corresponding to
Figures 1 and 2 with my improvements adapted thereto; Figure 4 an end
view of the improvements in section; Figure 4 shows a front view of that
part of the improvement which brakes the large bobbin; Figure 5 a plan
view of Figures 4 and 4"; Figure 6 shews a separate spindle for winding.
with bobbin thereon; Figure 6* an end view of the same; Figure 7 an end
elevation of a shuttle with clip open to receive. weft; Figure 8 a plan of the
same; Figure 9 a plan of clip holding the weft; Figure 10 is a sectional view
of Figure.7 cut off at the dotted line; Figure 11 is an end view of the clip
open to receive weft; Figure 12 the clip when shut with weft. At each of.
the foregoing Figures I employ similar letters of reference to denote corre-
sponding parts in so far as such parts appear or can be seen at each of such
said. Figures respectively.
At Figures 1, 2, 3, A, B, C, is the framework of the machine, to which is
fitted two longitudinal shafts D, D, extending the whole length of the machine,
one of these shafts carries a pair of pullies G, which may receive motion from
a steam engine or other prime mover. These shafts carry bevil wheels; having
one to every spindle, the outer end of the shaft D, D, is fitted with two small
pinions I, I, which are geared into the wheel H, and thus connect the two
shafts together. The wheel H is fitted with a stud sliding in a. dovetailed
groove, and moved by a screw to regulate the traversing motion, this wheel
and stud give motion the lever F, F, which imparts a rocking motion to
the shaft E, which moves the guide e, carrying the yarn up and down as it
runs on the spindle F iu the cup Z. The bevil frictional wheel N shewn at
Figures 2 and 4, which is faced with leather or other pliable substance, has
on the top part a flange which works on the back part of the large bevil
wheel M, and receives motion therefrom, this bevil frictional wheel N is fitted
on the end of a hollow spindle, the top of the hole may be either square or
oblong. The spindle P has its bottom made to suit this hole in the top
of the aforesaid hollow spindle, so that as the yarn winds on the spindle P,
and causes it to rise in the cup Z, it is allowed to do so while revolving with
ease and freedom. The spindle P has a weight R, which slides up the bar
Qat one end of the weight, and the other end rests on the top of the spindle,

page_text: which presses.the.weft hard on to the spindle in the cup Z. As the yarn is
wound from the bobbin a on to the spindle P coming. round an eye or projec-
tion in the slide W, it is thereby held at an equal degree of tension by the
weight y which hangs on the slide W: The slide W vibrates as the yarn
proceeds from the thick or thin part of the bobbin or cop, it will be thus seen
that if the yarn breaks, or when the bobbin is finished, the slide immediately
falls to the bottom, and comes in contact with the pins f, f, it then pushes the
lever: T off the catch that holds up the weight V, and this weight being thus
relieved presses up the wheel N, and stops the spindle. until the workman
attends to it either by piecing the yarn or putting in another bobbin, as the
case may be. It will be seen from this that as the weft is being wound on
to the spindle P the spindle rises,, pushing up the weight;R, and slides up-the
bar Quntil it comes into contact with the bracket S, which pushes the lever T
off the catch. U, thus craising the wheel N off the surface of the wheel M,
stopping the spindle until the operator takes off. the pirn or cop and sets it to
work as before. By. pressing down the lever U, and raising it on the catch
on: the lever T, the wheel N then comes on to the wheel M, which gives
motion, to the spindle P, the pirn is wound, and. the slide W drawn up as
before. The yarn on the large bobbin being held back by the lever c, its, end:
being faced with wood,. flannel, or other material which rests on the
yarn; 'the
lever cubesides, its own weight has on its upper end a weight d, which can
be moved to or from the fulcrum to suit, the, different strengths or qualities
of yarn the lever c and .bobbin a are supported by the bracket b, which slides
on atherrod (shewn at, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4), which is supported by the
levers ig, bolted fast; to the supports C, which are bolted on. the frame-
work A, A.
:
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of my said
Invention: for improvements in weft-winding inachines, both for winding
on abobbins land cops, also for a shuttle to hold the cop when weaving,"
together with the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same
into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that what I claim as my
Invention intended to be secured to me. by the herein-before in part recited
Letters: Patent is as follows:-
First, the method of driving the spindles of weft-winding machines-for-
winding cops or bobbins, also the method of stopping the spindles when the
cop is long enough, or when the bobbin is full; also, the method of braking
the warp bobbin, and the general arrangement and adoption.of.weft-winding
machines to swindl either on bobbins, or small tubes or cops as above, described
with reference to the accompanying Drawing:

page_text: Secondly, the method above described and represented at Figures 7 to 12
nclusive of holding the bobbin in the shuttle when weaving.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Longbottom, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
WILLIAM LONGBOTTOM. (L.s.)