Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 14th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 17th Feb., 1888
I ALFRED DICKINSON Tramway Manager of Tramway Depot Darlaston in the
County of Stafford do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:
This invention has for its object improvements in condensers which are special
applicable to Tramway Engines.
Sometimes with the present condensers the exhaust steam is not effectually dealt
with but by this invention the bulk of the steam is so cut up or divided that it is
almost impossible for any to escape.
I construct my condensers of two or more steps or groups of pipes and also in two
distinct sections one section being used entirely for say the right cylinder and the
other section for the left cylinder though they may be connected for the purpose of
support. Each of the groups of these sections is composed of a series of outer and
is
inner pipes which are so arranged in their diameters that an annular steam space
left between the inside of the outer pipe and the outside of the inner pipe which allows
me to take advantage of an inner and outer cooling or air surface.
These annular spaces are connected with collecting or distributing chambers at each
end thereof and the steam from the exhaust pipe is split so as to enter half on one side
and half on the other side of the distributing chamber and so meeting each other are
spread over the whole surface of the pipes.
After the steam has passed through the first section it is allowed to drain at the
bottom of the distributing box but that portion still uncondensed is taken out at the
bottom and carried into the distributing box of another or higher section in a similar
manner to that already explained in a similar way to the first. This may be continued
until the whole of the steam is condensed.
The water is drained back to the pumps by a pipe into the collecting tank. It will
thus be understood that I am by these means able to cut up the steam into minute
quantities and that the air can freely circulate both outside and inside the pipes.
I may use at each end of these groups of pipes conical or other bonnets to collect the
air into the inner pipes.
זי
1007
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: 1, ALFRED DICKINSON Tramway Manager of Tramway Depot Darlaston in the
County of Stafford do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in condensers which are specially
applicable to Tramway Engines.
Sometimes with the present condensers the exhaust steam is not effectually dealt
with but by this invention the bulk of the steam is so cut up or divided that it is
almost impossible for any to escape.
I construct my condensers of two or more steps or groups of pipes and also in
sections which may be connected for the purpose of support. Each o the groups of
these sections is composed of a series of outer and inner pipes which are so arranged
in their diameter than an annular steam space is left between the inside of the outer
pipe and the outside of the inner pipe which allows me to take advantage of an inner
and outer cooling or air surface.
These annular spaces are connected with collecting or distributing chambers at each
end thereof and the steam from the exhaust pipe is split so as to enter half on one side
and half on the other side of the distributing chamber and so meeting each other are
spread over the whole surface of the pipes. After the steam has passed through the
first section it is allowed to drain at the bottom of the distributing box but that
portion still uncondensed is taken out at the bottom and carried into the distributing
box of another or higher section in a similar manner to that already explained in a
similar way to the first.
This may be continued until the whole of the steam is condensed.
The water is drained back to the pumps by a pipe into the collecting tank. It will
thus be understood that I am by these means able to cut up the steam into minute
quantities and that the air can freely circulate both outside and inside the pipes.
may use at each end of these groups of pipes conical or other bonnets to collect the
air into the inner pipes.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried into
practice I have appended hereunto three large sized sheets of drawings upon which is
illustrated my condensers as applied to any ordinary road Engine.
On Sheet 1:
Figure 1 is a broken off side elevation of my condenser fixed upon an ordinary
Road Engine a portion S of which is shewn.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same.
On Sheet 2—
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the lower groups of pipes shewing the steam
connections A and B from the cylinders.
Figure 4 is a section through the lower groups on line 1-2 Figure 2 looking in
the direction of arrow 3 and thereby shewing the upper groups in elevation.
Figure 5 is an end elevation of the upper groups of pipes.
On Sheet 3-
Figure 6 is a complete side elevation of my condenser on a reduced scale shewing
a method of securing the pipes together in such a manner as to facilitate the removal
or repair of any particular pipe.

page_text: Figure 7 is an end view of the same to an enlarged scale a portion being shown
in section.
Figure 8 is a part of the side elevation also enlarged and shewing portions of the
pipe L and chamber in section.
My condensers consist of two or more steps or groups of pipes but upon these
drawings there are two shown, namely:-X and Y Figure 1 which are each again
divided into two distinct sections thereby forming two other groups which we will
distinguish as X' and Y¹.
Each of these steps groups or sections are composed of a series of outer pipes Z
Figure 4 with inner pipes zof smaller diameter so as to leave the annular space 2
between the inner diameter of the outer pipe Z and the outer diameter of the inner
pipe in which the steam circulates. Though I lay no exclusive claim to the annular
space itself and the circulation of a cooling medium such as air or water inside and
outside simultaneously. For the purpose of distributing the steam equally through
each pipe each group of pipes are provided with a collecting or distributing chamber
at each end, group Y₁ having the chambers y² and y group X the chambers 22
and 3, group X the chambers and a, and group Y the chambers y* and y³.
The steam from the exhaust pipe is either split up into two parts or the steam from
the right and left cylinders is brought up separately and enters the distributing box y²
of the group Y at opposite corners by means of the connecting pipes A and B and
the steain is thereby forced to distribute itself equally into each annular space in its
passage through group Y¹ into the collecting chamber y³ out of which it again passes
by means of the pipes C and D at opposite corners into the upper chamber and
along the pipes X into chamber ³ from which it is transferred by the connecting
pipes E and F into the adjoining chamber 25 and along pipes X into a and by pipes G
and H into the lower chamber and by group Y into the last chamber y. As the
steam is condensed it is drained by the pipes J K into the collecting tank ready for
pumping back to the boiler. Figures 67 and 8 upon sheet 3 shew more clearly the
practical method of constructing the distributing and collecting chamber which are
formed of a number of square pipes L each having a circular end and flanges for
bolting to each other to enable any defective pipe to be readily renewed and at the
same time allows ample circulation around the outside of the pipes. In this arrange-
inent the course of the steam, the connections from one chamber to another and
pipes, are exactly similar to the last.
It will be readily seen that by raising one portion of the groups of pipes above
another as shewn I am enabled to get a fresh supply of cold air for the latter portion
of the pipes which under ordinary circumstances would have been heated by passing
through or over the first portion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First In condensers the arrangement of a series of groups and sections of pipes
at two or more levels each group having a collecting or distributing chamber at each
end into which the steam is supplied from the exhaust and circulated by separate
inlets arranged at opposite corners of the chambers substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
Second: The improvements in condensers herein described and as illustrated upon
the drawings