ROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gedge, of No 11 Wellington Street,
Strand, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET" A com
munication to him from abroad by Hormis Laurent Morel and Jean-Baptiste
Poncet, of Lyons, France, Merchants.
'
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th January 1883.
:
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of N° 11 Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF VELVET" a communication to me from abroad by Hormis
Laurent Morel and Jean-Baptiste Poncet of Lyons, France, Merchants
•
This Invention relates to improvements in looms for the manufacture of double
pieco velvet by taking in the weft, making the pile therefrom ("Embuvage de la
Trame"), consisting principally-
1°. In an apparatus intended to maintain the tension of the warp.
2. In a special tying up ("armure") whereby the usual tying up blows ("coups
de liage") are dispensed with.
3°. In the application to the loom of a weft feeder (" donneur de Trame") serving
to prepare it for the requirements of the taking in ("l'embuvage") of the weft.
4°. In a novel mode of working the Jacquard mechanism.
Upon the accompanying Sheet of Drawing:-
Figure 1 Is a vertical projection of the left side of the loom
Figure 2 a vertical projection of the loom seen from behind
Figure 3 part of vertical projection of the right side of the loom
Figures 4 and 5 a transverse section and horizontal
arrangement of the knife or cutter for cutting the weft.
projection of the
Figures 6 and 7 diagram of the special tying up or cording ("armure") applied
to this Loom. The horizontal dotted lines represent the upper and the unbroken
lines the lower piece.

page_text: Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in each of the Figures
respectively:-
A is the frame of the machine supporting all the parts.
B drum with partitions intended to preserve the tension of the warp. For this
purpose there is introduced into a compartment, opposite the loom, a certain 5
quantity of small shot or particles of lead, cast iron, sand etc, which form the load
or charge. As the warp unwinds the drum turns, the shot or particles fall into the
compartment beneath, and so on, which produces an almost constant load.
C, C, fixed and loose pulleys for driving the loom from the main shaft D.
Upon this shaft are keyed two cams E, communicating motion by the connecting 1
rods F, to the oscillating uprights G, upon which the batten is fixed. A pinion H,
also keyed on the shaft D, communicates the movement by a toothed wheel I, to
the shaft J, carrying the cams actuating the treadles, and a cam K moving parts
of the loom by means of the connecting rods L and M.
N, N. are pulleys worked by cords or bands connected with the treadles and 1
causing to advance or retire the hollow iron weft carrier ("fer creux porte trame")
and the iron for the height, or depth of the pile.
O. pulley actuated by the treadles and moving the knife for the separation of the
two pieces.
P. Hollow iron or rod having within it the weft thread and providing the take 2
in of pile ("l'embuvage").
When it is desired to produce the pile the operation is as follows:-
The warp is stretched on the loom as for ordinary two piece velvet; the treadle
is pressed down, a certain number of threads of the lower warp are uplifted by the
action of one or more healds arranged for this purpose, while the same number of 2
upper warp threads execute the reverse movement.
The crossing of the threads of the warp being operated, the hollow iron P, or rod
carrying the weft intended to produce the velvet, is introduced.
The treadle is then let go and the threads of each warp reassume their respectivo
position, excepting to the extent of the cross-weaving produced by the engaged
iron.
On withdrawing the rod, the threads of the two warps in returning to their
natural positions, in crossing each other seize the weft thread which unwinds
correspondingly from the bobbin.
When this moveinent has taken place the taking in ("l'embuvage") is effected.
The rod having returned to its point of departuro, a small knife cuts the weft
thread by the action of the batten striking against a spring.
A certain length of weft thread remains tied by the countersimpled threads of
the warp.
The mechanism of the weft-feeder ("donneur de trame") is composed of two
frames or supports a, which may be placed without inconvenience either upon the
loom or elsewhere. These frames support two axles and a guide. Upon the axle b
are carried cams c, c', c¹¹, etc; within these cams are friction rollers connected with
levers d, d', d¹¹ etc, set upon the axle e. Each lever carries a forked guide f,f',f",
passing between the supports of the thread.
A very thick bobbin is placed on one of the sides of the loom.
This bobbin obviates the loss of time produced by the constant changing of the
small cops now in use.
The weft thread is threaded in each support, and the axle b, being driven by
chain gearing koyed on the main shaft of the loom, at each revolution of the axle
the forks take the thread and make it unwind to a certain extent to give the weft
required.
With this system of feeder the nipping of the two pieces by the knots etc which
there might be in the weft thread is avoided; which permits the use of all kinds of
materials.
R. Regulator worked by a lever placed upon the axle of the loom.

page_text: This mechanism acts by lifting and lowering healds ("lève-baisse ") as ordinary
Jacquards, but it is more mechanical and more precise and does not get out of order.
It gives a graduated order of the treadles to. each piece, that is to say giving more
opening on the back than on the front.
It is composed of a lever g, keyed on an axle h, actuating two toothed levers
the one i, moving the holyboard ("planchette ") of the hooks of the lowering piece,
and the other j, moving the grif of the lifting piece. There is a movable holyboard
with one fixed; and a movable grif with one fixed.
The grif of the fixed holyboard is movable and that of the movable holyboard is
fixed.
By a simple beaming arrangement with lifting and lowering mails (" maillons de
levée et de rabat "), the above described system is equally applicable to the
production of figured velvet.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention
communicated to me as aforesaid and in what manner the same is or may be
performed, what
I Claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is :—
The herein before described improvements in looms for the manufacture of double
piece velvet by the taking in of the weft ("l'embuvage de la trame"); the said
improvements consisting particularly:-
1º. In the drum with partitions forming an apparatus uninfluenced by
temperature and giving a regular tension.
2. In the special tying up or cording ("armure") applied to this loom, whereby
tying up blows ("coups de liage") aro dispensed with and a more rapid working
obtained.
3°. In the application of the weft-feeder ("donneur do trame")
4° In the modification of the Jacquard mechanism.
The whole substantially as herein before described and shown on the accompanying
Sheet of Drawing.
In Witness whereof I the said William Edward Gedge have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Ninth day of January in the Year of Our Lord One
thousand Eight hundred and Eighty three.