Improvements in Valve Apparatus for Gas and Petroleum Motor Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Dec., 1891-Accepted, 2nd Jan., 1802
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
[Communicated from abroad by DIE GAS MOTOREN FABRIK DEUTZ, of
Köln-Deutz, in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturers.]
Improvements in Valve Apparatus for Gas and Petroleum Motor
Engines.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane
in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the valve apparatus for gas and petroleum engines
which controls the communication between the compressed charge and the igniting
device, and in which there is either a cylindrical valve having a longitudinal motion
or a rotary motion, or a lift valve.
In either arrangement solid deposits resulting from the explosion of the charges,
are formed on the working surfaces of the valves, producing sticking or imperfect
action.
The present invention has for its object to obviate such defective action, and
consists in imparting to the valve, at each stroke, a compound motion in such
manner that, in the case of a rotary valve, this at the same time has a longitudinal
motion imparted to it, while in the case of a sliding or lifting valve, this at the
same time has a rotary motion imparted to it. It has been found that by means of
this compound motion, the close fit of the valve and its seat is always insured, while
with rotary valves any particles of deposit that find their way between the working
surfaces are caused to be expelled from between these.
The means for effecting this compound motion can be variously modified; thus
according to one arrangement, in the case of a cylindrical rotary valve that controls
the communication between the explosion chamber of the engine and the igniting
tube or other igniting device, the valve is so arranged in its casing as to be capable
of end motion, such as by forming a space at its inner end, while its outer end has
a coned surface so as to seat gas tight against a correspondingly coned surface of
the casing, beyond which the valve stem passes through a stuffing box and is con-
nected by a sliding connection to a sleeve to which a reciprocating rotary motion is
From the
imparted by a rod and crank, eccentric, or cam on the engine shaft.
transverse passage of the valve a longitudinal passage leads through the inner end
of the valve to the said space at the end thereof. Thus at the charging stroke of
the engine piston, when a partial vacuum is formed in the cylinder, the effect of the
above arrangement of passages and space will be that there will be an excess of
atmospheric pressure acting on the outer end of the valve stem which will cause
the valve to slide longitudinally to a certain extent inwards while it is being
rotated. During the compression and firing strokes on the other hand, there will
be an excess of pressure tending to drive the valve longitudinally outward, so that
it will be thereby made to slide back again into its original position. Instead of
forming the described longitudinal passage in the inner end of the valve, this may
be left solid, and the space at the end of the valve be made to communicate with or
Instead of the before
form part of the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
described sliding connection between the valve stem and the reciprocating sleeve,
the valve stem may be connected by an arm directly with the rod from the crank
shaft from which it receives reciprocating motion, the rod and connections being so
formed as to allow of the slight longitudinal motion of the valve.
In the case of a sliding cylindrical valve, the stem of which is acted upon by a
lever arm for the closing motion while the opening motion is imparted by a spring,

page_text: a simultaneous reciprocating rotary motion is imparted to the valve by causing
studs on the valve stem to slide in oblique slots formed in the sides of the spring
casing.
In the case of a lift valve, this is also made to revolve partially on its scat in
rising and falling, by connecting one end of the steeply coiled helical spring that
closes the valve, to the valve casing, while the other end is connected to the valve
stem, so that as the spring is compressed in forcing open the valve, the end which
is attached to the valve stem, in uncoiling somewhat, will turn the valve stem and
valve partially round, while on the valve closing, the spring, in expanding, will coil
up again, and so turn the valve back to its original position.
Dated this 16th day of October 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant."
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valve Apparatus for Gas and Petroleum Motor
Engines.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL. of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane
in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
This invention relates to the valve apparatus for gas and petroleum engines
which controls the communication between the compressed charge and the igniting
device or which otherwise communicates with the explosive chamber, and in which
there is either a cylindrical valve having a longitudinal motion or a rotary motion,
or lift valve. In either arrangement solid deposits resulting from the explosion
of the charges, are formed on the working surfaces of the valves, producing
sticking or imperfect action.
The present invention has for its object to obviate such defective action, and
consists in imparting to the valve, at each stroke, a compound motion in such
manner that, in the case of a rotary valve, this at the same time has a longitudinal
motion imparted to it, while in the case of a sliding or lifting valve, this at the
same time has a rotary motion imparted to it. It has been found that by means of
this compound motion, the close fit of the valve and its seat is always insured, while
with rotary valves any particles of deposit that find their way between the working
surfaces are caused to be expelled from between these.
The means for effecting this compound motion can be variously modified; thus
Figures I and II of the accompanying drawings shew respectively a horizontal
section and part clevation of an arrangement in which a reciprocating rotary
cylinder valve a with passage m serves to control the communication between the
explosion chamber f of a gas or oil motor engine, and the heated igniting tube g
for igniting the explosive gaseous charge in the former. In this case the valve a,
at the same time that it is partially rotated for the above purposes, receives a
longitudinal reciprocating motion by means of the variations of pressure produced
in the working cylinder.
Figure III shows a modified arrangement of the driving gear and Figure IV
and IVA show two cross sections of the valve a, the valve passage being in the
position for firing the charge at Figure IV and in the position for the compressing
stroke at Figure IVA
Figure V shews a sectional elevation and Figure VA a cross section of an
arrangement of longitudinally sliding cylinder-valve which in addition receives a
rotary reciprocating motion from helical guiding slots.
Figures VI and VII shew a lift valve in which the partial rotary motion is

page_text: effected by means of a steeply coiled spring, the one end of which is fixed to the
valve casing while the other end is suitably attached to the valve stem.
The mode of operating with the arrangement shewn at Figures I, II and III is
as follows:-
The cylindrical rotary slide valve a having a transverse passage m receives a
rotary reciprocating motion, of which Figures IV and IVA shew the two opposite
limits, by means of the rod d actuated by a crank, eccentric, or cam on the engine
shaft or way shaft, and connected either to a sleeve k, the motion of which is com-
municated to the valve stem by the sliding connection c, or the rod may be
connected directly to an arm c on the valve stem, the connection being such as to
admit of a slight longitudinal motion of the valve stem. The rotary slide valve a
has also a longitudinal passage which serves to connect the cylinder passage f
with the space h at the inner end of the valve, which serves as receptacle for
combustion residues.
By this arrangement it will be seen that during the whole of the rotary motion
of the valve, the pressures in the space h, will coincide with those in the engine
cylinder as the passage m is always open to the passage f as shewn at Figures IV
and IVA.
When a partial vacuum is produced in the engine cylinder during the suction or
charging stroke the outward directed pressure acting on the inner surfaces of the
valve will be less than the inward directed pressure exerted by the atmosphere,
causing the valve to be moved longitudinally inwards to an extent limited by the
stop afforded by the outer end of the valve seating piece e with which the head c
comes in contact. When on the other hand the pressure in the cylinder rises
above that of the atmosphere during the compression strokes, the excess of pressure
acting on the inner end of the valve will force this back again until its coned end
bears against the coned seat of e, forming a gas tight closure, so that at the
moment of ignition and explosion of the charge, the slide will be in the position
shown with the passage m, establishing a communication between the cylinder
charge and the heated igniting tube g.
When the space is not required to act as a receptacle for combustion residues,
as is the case when other igniting devices than the igniting tube g are used, the
passage i can be dispensed with and in lieu thereof a passage o can be made to
establish a communication between space and the cylinder, or the
space h can
form part of the explosion chamber of the cylinder.
With the arrangement shewn at Figs. I and II the arm c fixed on the stem b can
slide in notches in the flange of the sleeve k, as the valve and stem move inwards
and outwards; in the arrangement at Fig. III, the connecting rod d is assumed to
be sufficiently elastic to allow of such motion.
The cylindrical slide valve p shewn at Figs. V and VA receives its longitudinal
motion by means of a levert acted upon by a cam on the engine shaft or way
shaft, the adjusting screw u being made to press upward the valve stem 7, thereby
compressing the spring and holding the valve in the raised position during the
compression stroke, so that the passage w leading to the cylinder is cut off from
the igniting device 9. The valve stemy has fixed to it a transverse pin which
projects through oblique or helical slots, formed in the casings, of the spring so
that as the valve is moved upward, the pin in sliding in the slots causes the stem
and valve to turn partly round in one direction, while on the downward motion
caused by the expansion of the springs, the pin and slots cause the valve to turn
back again into the original position.
It will be evident that with this arrangement the compound motion might also
be imparted to the valve by imparting to it a rotary reciprocating motion by means
such as described at Figures I II and III whereupon the longitudinal motion would
be imparted to it by the pin r sliding in the helical slots of s
In the arrangement at Fig. VI the steeply coiled spring vl has its lower and
upper ends y and z bent at an angle and connected respectively to the valve casing
and to a disc on the stem of the lift valve a, so that on forcing the valve stem

page_text: upward by the lever t, the spring in being compressed will uncoi! somewhat,
causing its end y to carry the valve stem and valve round in the corresponding
direction, while on the closing of the valve the spring in expanding will coil up
again and carry the valve round to its original position.
This arrangement is more particularly intended to impart the described rotary
and longitudinal motion to the valve stem al in its socket, so as to prevent sticking;
if it be desired also to impart to the valve e itself a rotary movement on its seat
before it is lifted off, the modification shewn at Fig. VII may be employed, in
which the spring e, instead of being connected at y to a collar fixed on the valve
stem a', is connected to the flange of a socket y' that can slide vertically upon the
stem, but is connected thereto by a pin on the stem taking into slots on the socket
as shewn.
Thus on the upward motion of the lever t for opening the valve c, it will first
push up the socket y) on the stem, without lifting the valve.
During such motion of the socket it will be turned round somewhat by the
uncoiling of the spring as before described, and this rotary motion will be imparted
to the valve a while on its seat, through the pin and slot connection, and when the
socket butts against the end of the valve stem the lever will effect the lifting of the
valve.
It will be evident that the cylindrical valves shewn in Figs. I to V, as valves to
the igniting device can also be employed as the inlet and outlet valves of the
engine, and that the inlet or outlet valve shewn at Fig. VI can be used as the
valve to the igniting device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with the working cylinder of a gas or petroleum motor
engine, of a valve or cylindrical slide communicating with the explosion chamber
of the cylinder and having a combined reciprocating rotary and longitudinal motion
imparted thereto substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. In a gas or petroleum motor engine the use of a rotary valve or cylindrical
slide communicating with the explosion chamber, to which a longitudinal to and
fro motion is imparted by means of the variation of pressure occurring in the
engine cylinder, substantially as described with reference to Figs. I. II. III. IV
and IVA of the drawings.
3. In a gas or petroleum motor engine, the use of a helical guiding surface for
imparting longitudinal motion to a partially rotated valve or cylindrical slide, or
for imparting a rotary motion to a longitudinally moved valve or cylindrical slide,
substantially as described with reference to Figs. V and VA of the drawings.
4. In combination with a longitudinally sliding or a lifting valve of a gas or
petroleum motor engine, the use of a steeply coiled helical or spiral spring so
arranged and connected to the valve or its stem that the coiling or uncoiling motion
of the spring on being compressed or extended causes a rotary motion to be
imparted to the valve, substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.