IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph McCabe, of Droylsden, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR
WEAVING."
Sealed the 25th January 1878, and dated the 6th November 1877:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph McCabe at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1877.
JOSEPH MCCABE, of Droylsden, in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to that part of a loom called the "beating-up" motion,
which effects the "beating-up" or forcing home of the weft thread into the shed of
the warps after the passage of the shuttle.
"
The object of the improvements is to obtain a variable "beat-up," that is, so to
arrange that the slay shall only partially beat-up for one, two, or more picks,
and then beat home for the next, as in weaving "terry or looped fabrics, for
instance. This has been attained by means of throwing the reed loose for one or
two picks, and then locking it fast for the next. Our improvements are intended
to produce the same effect with a fast reed.
Instead of connecting the forward end of the crank arm to a pin or stud, which
is carried by a bracket, and which is always the same distance from the back of
the slay, I connect it to a stud, pin, or shaft, which is capable of being moved a
greater or less distance from the back of the slay; and thus by changing the distance
of this centre I virtually lengthen or shorten the sweep or throw of the crank as
required to give the variable "beat-up."
In one modification of my Invention I substitute for the said pin or stud a shaft
mounted in brackets carried by the slay swords, and at or near each end I form an
excentric on which the forward end of the crank arm works; and hence it will be
[Price 6d L

page_text: evident that the slay and reed will be thrust more or less forward, according to the
position of the excentric.
The excentric shaft is caused to revolve by means of a bevil wheel at one end,
gearing with a similar wheel on the upper end of a shaft carried in brackets
attached to the slay sword, and having a bevel wheel at its lower end gearing
with a similar wheel, the centre of which coincides with the axis of the swing
bar on which the slay rocks, this wheel being driven from the tappet shaft.
If I desire to beat home every alternate pick, the wheels are so proportioned
that the excentric shaft revolves at the same speed as the tappet shaft; but if I
desire to beat home every third pick only, then the wheels are proportioned as
three to two, and so on, varying the "beat-up" to suit different classes of fabric.
In a modification of my Invention the brackets which carry the pin or stud,
before alluded to, instead of being bored with a hole simply, are provided with
diagonal slots; and it will be evident that if the pin or stud be moved up or down
in these diagonal slots it will be caused to approach to or recede from the back of
the slay, and hence the variable "beat-up" will be obtained.
Each of the pins or studs is carried in an eye at the upper end of a vertical rod,
the lower end of which is connected to a crank pin in a wheel below, which is
driven from the tappet shaft as before.
The amount of the variable "beat-up" may be regulated by moving the crank
pin nearer to or further from the centre of the wheel.
.
In another modification of my Invention the last-described movement is, as it
were, reversed. The brackets attached to the slay sword have horizontal slots, and
the top of the vertical rod is provided with a diagonal slot through which the pin
passes (or the upper end of the said rod is attached to a slide in which the vertical
slot is formed); and thus it will be seen that, as the rod rises and falls, the pin or
stud is moved nearer to or further from the back of the slay, and thus the same
effect of variable "beat-up" is produced.
If it is desired that the reed shall only beat home every fourth, fifth, or sixth
pick, or in any other required manner, then the movement of the vertical rod may
be produced by changing the wheels to suit the different kinds of goods required to
be made.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph McCabe in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th May
1878.
JOSEPH MCCABE, of Droylsden, in the County of Lancaster.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to that part of a loom called the " beating-up" motion,
which effects the "beating-up or forcing home of the weft thread into the shed of
the warps after the passage of the shuttle.
"
The object of the improvements is to obtain a variable "beat-up," that is, so to
arrange that the slay shall only partially beat-up for one, two, or more picks, and
then beat-up home for the next, as in weaving "terry or looped fabrics, for instance.
This has been attained by throwing the reed loose for one or two picks, and then
locking it fast for the next. It may also be used in changing from light to
heavy fabrics, where longer or shorter throw of the crank is required, by stopping
the movement of the wheel, and arranging the slides to suit convenience. My
improvements are intended to produce the same effect with a fast reed.
Instead of connecting the forward end of the crank to a pin or stud which is
carried by a bracket, and which is always the same distance from the back of the
slay, I connect it to a stud, pin, or shaft, which is capable of being moved a greater
or less distance from the back of the slay, and thus by changing the distance of
this centre I virtually lengthen or shorten the sweep or throw of the crank as
required to give the variable " beat-up."
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now proceed to
describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood I
have annexed hereunto two Sheets of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof :-
-
In one modification of my Invention, as shown in side elevation at Fig. 1 of the
annexed Drawing, I substitute for the said pin or stud a shaft a, a, (see also
enlarged view, Fig. 2) mounted in brackets carried by the slay swords b, b, and at
or near each end I form an excentric c, c, on which the forward end of the crank
arm d, d, works; and hence it will be evident that the slay e, e, and the reed will
be thrust more or less forward, according to the position of the excentric.
The excentric shaft a, a, is caused to revolve by means of a bevil wheel fat
one end, gearing with a similar wheel g on the upper end of a shaft h, h, carried
in brackets attached to the slay sword b, b, and having a bevil wheel i at its lower
end gearing with a similar wheel k, the centre of which coincides with the axis of
the swing bar on which the slay e, e, rocks, this wheel k, k, being driven from the
tappet shaft m by spur gearing n, n.
If I desire to beat home every alternate pick, the wheels are so proportioned
that the excentric shaft a, a, revolves at the same speed as the tappet shaft m, m;
but if I desire to beat home every third pick only, then the wheels are proportioned
as three to two, and so on, varying the "beat-up" to suit different classes of
fabric.
In a modification of my Invention, which is shown in side view at Fig. 3, and in
sectional elevation at Fig. 4, and back view at Fig. 5, the brackets which carry the
pin or shaft a, a, before alluded to, instead of being bored with a hole simply, are
provided with diagonal slots o, o; and it will be evident that if the pin or shaft
a, a, be moved up or down in these diagonal slots it will be caused to approach to
or recede from the back of the slay e, e and hence the variable "beat-up" will be
obtained.
Each end of the pin or shaft a, a, is carried in an eye at the upper end of a
vertical rod p, p, the lower end of which is connected to a crank pin q in a wheel
below, r, which is driven from the tappet shaft m, m, as before.

page_text: The amount of the variable "beat-up" may be regulated by moving the crank
ping nearer to or further from the centre of the wheel r, r.
In another modification of my Invention the last-described movement is, as it
were, reversed. The brackets attached to the slay sword have horizontal slots, and
the top of the vertical rod is provided with a diagonal slot through which the pin
passes (or the upper end of the said rod is attached to a slide in which the vertical
slot is formed); and thus it will be seen that, as the rod rises and falls, the pin or
stud is moved nearer to or further from the back of the slay, and thus the same
effect of variable "beat-up" is produced.
If it is desired that the reed shall only beat home every fourth, fifth, or sixth
pick, or in any other required manner, then the movement of the vertical rod may
be produced by changing the wheels to suit the different kinds of goods required to
.be made.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention the construction
and arrangement of mechanism herein-before described, and illustrated by the
Drawings annexed, or any mere modificacion or imitation thereof, for lengthening
or shortening the sweep or throw of the crank arm, substantially in the manner
and for the purpose herein specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph McCabe, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JOSEPH M'CABE. (L.S.)