IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Clarke, of 55, Albany Street, Regent's
Park, in the County of Middlesex, Lamp and Candle Manu-
facturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CANDLES."
Sealed the 17th January 1853, and dated the 27th October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Clarke at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th October 1852.
I, SAMUEL CLARKE, of 55, Albany Street, Regent's Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Lamp and Candle Manufacturer, do hereby de-
clare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing the tips or ends of the wicks of
candles to be prepared in like manner to matches, so that they may
be ignited in like manner to matches.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Clarke in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
SAMUEL CLARKE, of 55, Albany Street, Regent's Park, in the County
of Middlesex, Lamp and Candle Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Clarke, Her special licence
that I, the said Samuel Clarke, my exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Clarke, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the termi
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Samuel Clarke, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Clark, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of causing the tips or ends of the wicks of
candles to be prepared in like manner to matches, so that they may be
ignited in like manner to matches. And in order that my said Invention
may be more fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will

page_text: proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for performing
the same.
I prepare the following composition:-Fifteen parts by weight of
chlorate of potassa; six parts by weight of white sugar; six parts by
weight of hard pressed acidified fat or spermaccti; and one and a half
to two parts by weight of amorphus phosphorus, which may be procured
in the state of powder. The other materials are to be finely ground into
powder. The first above-mentioned ingredients are to be mixed with
sufficient gum water to render them into a paste-like consistency, the
powder of amorphous phosphorus being added last, and the whole is to
be well stirred and ground together, care being taken not to bring the
chlorate of potassa and the amorphous phosphorus together when dry,
otherwise an explosion might take place. The tips or ends of the
candles are to be dipped in this preparation and dried thoroughly, and
in this state they will ignite by high temperature without requiring a
flame, in like manner to brimstone and some other matches.
I would remark, that I make no claim to the preparation of the
materials above described, nor do I confine myself thereto, as other
compositions which will ignite in a similar manner, and such as have
been employed in the preparation of matches, may be used; but I prefer
the above as the same is not too readily ignited; the object of my
Invention being to manufacture candles in such manner as not to
require the application of a flame to light them; and what I claim is,
the manufacture of candles, with wicks prepared so as to light in the
manner of matches, as herein explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Clarke, have hereunto set
my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand night hundred and fifty-throo
Witness,
H. W. CARPMAEL.
SAMUEL CLARKE. (L.S.)