Year: 1885

page_text: I, PHILIPP LOUIS CHARLES FREDERICK RENOUF, of 46 Roland Gardens, in the
County of Middlesex, Student of the Inner Temple, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved rotary cutter for cutting the teeth of mitre
wheels and chain or pitch wheels to their theoretically true shape where shaping
tools have been hitherto used.
For cutting the teeth of mitre or bevel wheels this cutter, sufficiently small in
diameter to enable it to cut right down into the bed between any two teeth, is
supported in a movable frame hinged in a ball and cup or universal joint, and it is
conical in shape, its sides converging towards the centre of this universal hinge.
The blank mitre wheel is mounted on a dividing plate and on a stud in such a
position that its theoretical cone apex coincides with the centre of the universal
hinge; in connection with the dividing plate is a template of a pair of teeth of a
pitch corresponding to the pitch circle over which the template is placed. The
frame holding the conical cutter carries a former which is moved over the template,
thus making the cutter act in a true radial direction.
M
For cutting the teeth of chain or pitch wheels the cutters are not conical and
one cutter or one pair of cutters only is required for "any particular pattern of
chain to cut gear wheels with any desired number of teeth.
111
A pair of circular cutters, being of the same diameter as the barrel of the chain,
are mounted on a hinged lever at a distance from the hinge equal to the pitch of
the chain; by rocking this lever, whilst the cutters are in motion one side will be
correctly cut on each of two teeth, care being taken that the distance between the
centre of the chain wheel and the hinge of the lever shall be equal to the pitch
radius of the chain wheel.
This operation can be also carried out with one cutter only, but in this case the
position of the chain wheel will have to be reversed and the operation repeated in
order to cut both sides of each tooth.
The rocking of the lever may be performed by hand or by automatic machinery
which will advance the blanks each time a tooth has been cut.
Both tools may be so modified that whilst acting on the same principle, the
work is brought to the cutting tools instead of the tools being brought to their
work.

page_text: Improvements in Means for Cutting the Teeth of Gear Wheels.
I PHILIPP LOUIS CHARLES FREDERICK RENOUF of 46 Roland Gardens in the
County of Middlesex Student of the Inner Temple do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The instrument for cutting the teeth of bevel or mitre wheels consists of two
parts, one which by means of a universal joint or a cup and ball joint supports a
movable arm which holds the rotating cutting tool, and another part which
supports a dividing plate, the blank to be operated on and an enlarged template
of the space between a pair of teeth. The cutting tool must be conical in shape.
Referring to the drawings on Figure 1 the arm C is provided with a handle at
one end, whilst the other end is capable of limited motion within the joint at O,
A is a rotary cutter the end of which is carried by the pulley D.
E is a conical loose roller the sides of which likewise converge towards point O.
This part of the instrument is rigidly connected with the bed of a lathe or other
stand by means of the support F.
G is a movable frame carrying the dividing, plate H the stud I fixed to the
latter and the template J.
The blank B is placed on stud I, locked to it by means of the nut K and the
support G if necessary moved into the requisite position.
The handle L is depressed so as to bring the part E in contact with the
template J the sides of which it is made to follow; it will be readily understood
that the sides of the groove cut by the tool A will converge towards point O.
When the position of G is such that that the centre of the stud I points towards
centre O, a true bevel wheel will be cut, when this is not the case a skew bevel
will be cut.
Figure 2 shows my improved tool for cutting the teeth of chain pulleys. The
pillar A carries a stud O hinged to which is the lever Q. This lever carries two
pulleys E El capable of driving two revolving cutters F1 F1.
The arm A also carries a movable bracket B with a spindle G fixed at one end
to the dividing plate C. The blank D to be operated on is carried by the other end.
When a chain wheel has to be cut, the bracket B is adjusted so that the distance
between the centres of ☐ and of G equals the radius of the pitch circle of the
chain wheel; the cutters F1 F11 have the same diameter as the depth of the
intervening spaces to be cut in the chain wheel, and their centres are both at a
distance from the centre of O, equal to the pitch of the chain.
On pressing down the lever Q, cutter F will cut one half of the space inter-
vening between two teeth; by pushing up lever Q, cutter F' will cut one half
space, so that when the blank has been turned completely round, both sides of all
the teeth will be cut.
On both the mitre cutting and the chain wheel cutting instrument the driving
straps must be kept sufficiently tight by means of a loose pulley of the ordinary
type; but the two revolving cutters of the latter instrument may be if desired
driven by one single endless band, passed twice over the pulley on the countershaft
and crossed once; in this case no device is needed for keeping the band tight.

page_text: A tool shown on Figure 2 may be made automatic in the usual way by connecting
the lever Q, with a reciprocating arm, which at the end of each stroke advances
the dividing plate by means of a pawl, and a series of such tools may be connected
so as to work simultaneously.
It will be readily seen, that the devices described may be varied, so that the
cutting tools remain stationary and the blanks are moved towards them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
--
1. A conical revolving cutter the sides of which converge towards one point
about which the large end of the cutter is moveable, capable of cutting the teeth
of bevel wheels.
2. The apparatus for cutting bevel wheels substantially as described.
3. A rotary cutter, or a pair of rotary cutters capable of cutting the sides of the
teeth of chain wheels by a motion round a centre, at a distance equal to the pitch
of the chain, or that part of the chain which works in contact with the teeth.
Dated this 5th day of October 1886
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.