An Improved Construction of Kiln for the Baking, Hardening-on, Fusing, or otherwise Firing of Tiles, Earthenware, China, or the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd July, 1894-Accepted, 11th Aug., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Construction of Kiln for the Baking, Hardening-on,
Fusing, or otherwise Firing of Tiles, Earthenware, China, or
the like.
J JAMES SHERWIN of Vine Street Hanley, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The principal object of this invention is to economize fuel in baking, hardening-on
fusing, or otherwise firing tiles, earthenware, china, or the like in kilns, and also to
reduce the wear and tear in such kilns.
The invention consists of an arrangement of flues whereby the number of fire
mouths in an ordinary kilu is reduced.
The nature of my said invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed or carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference to
the sheet of drawings hereunto annexed and the following explanation thereof.
Fig. 1 on the drawings represents a perspective view of one of the improved
kilns constructed according to my invention being drawn partly in section so as to
show more clearly the arrangement of the flues; and
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same taken beneath the floor of the firing
chamber.
A are the two fire-mouths, B are the flues connected directly to the fire-mouths,
C are the flues beneath the floor of the firing chamber, connecting the flues B with
the flues D which lead to the chimney E.
F is the firing chamber or box in which the articles are placed to undergo
firing.
It will be seen that the heat from the fire-mouths A is conducted up the front,
over the top and down the back of the firing chamber F by the flues B, thence
along the bottom flues C, into and up the front and back flues D and out into the
chimney E, as shown by the arrows.
The manner of dividing and distributing the heat under the bottom of the kiln
chamber F may be varied so long as it is finally delivered through flues D into the
chimney E. The dimensions of fire-mouths flues and outlets may be varied
according to requirements, and the principle of my invention is equally applicable
to any size of kiln, for instance a longer kiln would require a greater number, and
a shorter kiln a lesser number of central flues, but in the case of an ordinary kiln
requiring two fire-mouths the principle of my invention may be applied by
constructing such a size of kiln with only one fire-mouth and with the final or
delivery flues D fixed adjacent to one end of the kiln as would be represented by
Figs. 1 and 2 on the drawings divided at the line G-H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The hereinbefore described improved construction of kiln whereby the heat
having passed round the firing box or chamber through those flues which are fed
directly from the firemouths divides under the bottom of the box, and passes up
and out of those front and back flues which are not supplied by separate fire-
mouths, substantially as herein before particularly described and illustrated by the
drawings annexed, and
Secondly in kilus for baking, hardening-on or otherwise firing tiles, earthenware,

page_text: china or the like, I claim the combination with the flues fed directly from the
fire-mouths, of dividing flues beneath the floor of the firing chamber or box,
connecting the aforesaid flues with other flues which are not fed directly from
the fire-mouths but pass up round the firing chamber and out to the chimney
whereby the number of fire-mouths is reduced and the fuel required is greatly
economized.
Deted this 2nd dor of July 1801
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.