Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1887
Complete Left, 3rd Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
I, HENRY BAYLEY, of 2 Bernard Street, Walsall in the County of Stafford, metal
worker and electrical apparatus manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to holders to which the lamps are attached by the engagement
of terminal loops on the lamps with hooks carried by the holders and provided with
suitable buffers or draw springs; and has for its object to ensure a thorough contact
between the terminal loops of the lamp and the hooks carried by the holder, so as to
avoid any risk of firing or sparking.
A holder constructed according to this invention is composed of two main parts,
namely, an interior cylindrical part, hereinafter termed for distinction the "stem," which
carries the hooks aforesaid, and an exterior cylindrical part, hereinafter termed for
distinction the "sleeve," the lower or outer end of which presses upon and steadics
the globe of the lamp when attached to the holder. An opening is formed down the
axis of the stem for the passage of the leading wires, and the upper end is screwed
for connection with the fixed bracket or support by which the holder and lamp are
carried. The portion of the stem which carries the usual connection plates and the
binding screws is, of course, of insulating material. The upper end of the stem is
of a larger diameter than the remaining portion thereof so as to form a collar, and
the upper portion (approximately the half) of the sleeve is of a diameter which will
just easily slide over the collar, aforesaid, while the lower portion of the sleeve is of
a diameter which will easily slide over the portion of smaller diameter of the stem.
A spiral spring is placed around the portion of smaller diameter of the stem which
is within the portion of larger diameter of the sleeve and bears between the lower
side of the collar, aforesaid, and the shoulder formed between the parts of larger and
smaller diameter of the sleeve, so that the sleeve can be raised up only against the
pressure of the spring. A stud projects from the collar, aforesaid, into a vertical slot
in the sleeve, and the upper end of this slot coming in contact with the stud fixes the
point below which the sleeve cannot be pressed down by the spring. A short hori-
zontal slot is formed out from the bottom of the vertical slot which may be turned

page_text: over the stud when the sleeve has been raised to its full height, and the sleeve thus
be retained in such position, and to more securely hold it in such position a shallow
notch, suitable for engaging with the stud, may be formed up from the horizontal slot.
The holder is wired at the bottom or outer end, and for this purpose the sleeve is
raised to its full height and fixed in such position, as described, and the parts are so
proportioned that when in such position the connection plates and binding screws are
readily accessible. The lamp, also, may be very readily attached to the hooks when
the sleeve of the holder is in its upward position, and immediately such sleeve is
turned to bring the vertical slot into gear with the stud, the reaction of the spring
presses down the sleeve until it is stopped by the pressure of its lower end against the
lamp. A thorough contact is secured between the hooks, aforesaid, and the loops of
the lamp, as the whole force of the spiral spring is exerted to press down the sleeve
of the holder upon the lamp and consequently cause the loops to pull down the hooks
with a corresponding force; and thus, if either or both the buffers or draw springs of
the hooks is weak, the lamp is pressed down proportionately lower until the reaction
of such buffers or springs counteracts the downward pressure of the spiral spring
aforesaid. The lower end of the sleeve is formed, preferably, of a number of outwardly
inclined angular points whereby the pressure is divided into a number of slight
pressures exerted at equal distances apart around the lamp, and thus the liability of
fracturing the glass is greatly reduced.
Dated this 6th day of January 1887

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Holders for Incandescent Electric Lamps.
I, HENRY BAYLEY, of 2 Bernard Street, Walsall in the County of Stafford, metal
worker and electrical apparatus manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon (that is to
say):
This invention relates to holders to which incandescent electric-lamps are attached
by the engagement of terminal loops on the lamps with hooks carried by the holders
and provided with suitable buffers or draw springs; and has for its object to ensure
a thorough contact between the terminal loops of the lamp and the hooks carried by
the holder, so as to avoid any risk of firing or sparking.
A holder constructed according to this invention is illustrated to an enlarged scale
(about double of full size) by the drawings herewith, of which figure 1 is a vertical
section through the centre of such holder, figure 2 a side elevation thereof, and
figuro 3 a view of the underside thereof. Figure 4 is a detached view of certain
details which will be presently explained. Like letters of reference indicato corre
sponding parts in the different views. The holder is composed of two main parts,
namely, an interior cylindrical part A A¹, hereinafter termed for distinction the
"stem," which carries the hooks a a for the attachment of the lamp, and an exterior
cylindrical part B, B', hereinafter termed for distinction the "sleeve," the lower or
outer end of which presses upon and stendies the globe of the lamp when the lamp is
attached to the holder. The part A of the stem carries at its lower or outer end
connection plates kk and binding screws m m and is of insulating material which
may conveniently consist of box-wood, and an opening 6 is formed down the axis
thereof for the passage of the leading wires. The upper end of the stem is formed
as a metallic cap A¹ secured by screws c c to the part A. An opening is formed
through the centre of the cap for the passage of the leading wires and is screwed for
connection with the fixed bracket or support by which a holder and lamp are carried.
A part of the cap A¹ forms, as will be seen, a collar d around the upper portion of
the part A of the stem. The upper part B' of the sleeve is of a diameter which will
just slide easily over the collar d, while the lower portion B of the sleeve is of a
diameter which will easily slide over the part A. of the stem. A spiral spring C is
placed around the part A of the stem which is within the part B₁ of the sleeve, and
bears between the collar d and a shoulder e formed between the parts B and B of
the sleeve, so that the sleeve can be raised up only against the pressure of the spring.
A stud projects from the collar d into a vertical slot g in the sleeve, and the upper
end of this slot coming in contact with the stud fixes the point below which the sleeve
cannot be pressed down by the spring. A short sideway slot his formed out from
the bottom of the vertical slot g and may be turned over the stud when the sleeve

page_text: has been raised to its full height, and the sleeve thus be retained in such position;
and to more securely hold it in such position a shallow notch i, suitable for engaging
with the stud, may be formed up from the sideway slot h. A milled edge j is formed
around the sleeve to facilitate its manipulation. The holder is wired at the bottom
or outer end, and for this purpose the sleeve is raised to its full height and fixed in
such position, in the manner described, and the parts are so proportioned, as shewn,
that when in such position the connection plates and binding screws are readily
accessible. The lamp, also, may be very readily attached to the hooks when the sleeve
of the holder is in its upward position, and immediately such sleeve is turned to bring
the vertical slot g into gear with the stud the reaction of the spring presses down
the sleeve until it is stopped by the pressure of its lower end against the lamp.
A thorough contact is secured between the hooks a a and the loops of the lamp, as
the whole force of the spring C is exerted to press down the sleeve upon the lamp
and consequently cause the loops to pull down the hooks with a corresponding force;
and thus, if either or both the buffers or draw springs of the hooks are weak, the
lamp is pressed down proportionately lower until the reaction of such buffers or
springs counteracts the downward pressure of the spring C. The lower end of the
sleeve is formed, preferably, of a number of outwardly inclined angular points n n etc.
whereby the pressure is divided into a number of slight pressures exerted at equal
distances apart around the lamp, and thus the liability of fracturing the glass is
greatly reduced.
It is preferred to carry the stems of the hooks a a so that they may be capable of
sliding freely through the connection plates kk, as shewn, and to connect them at
their inner ends, by soldering or otherwise, with the back ends of buffer springs a¹ a
which surround the stems and bear at their forward ends against the connection plates.
By this arrangement the springs are compressed when the lamp is attached, instead
of being extended as in the arrangement usually adopted for the purpose, that is an
arrangement in which the springs are formed of the material of the stems of the
hooks and are distended as the hooks are drawn downwards, and which involves the
liability of the springs becoming strained or distorted and thus rendered inefficient.
In order to ensure proper electrical contact between the springs a¹ a¹ and
plates kkan arrangement is adopted which is shown by figure 4, which is a detached
elevation of one of the connection plates k, hooks a with buffer spring a' around the
stem thereof, binding screw m, and screw o for fixing the plate to the stem (through
the screw m partially answers such purpose also). A loop p is formed on the inner
end of the spring a', and the screw o passes through such loop, and thus as the plato k
is tightened up towards the stem the loop is firmly gripped between the plate and
the surface of the insulating material with the result of causing a firm bearing of the
plate against the surface of the loop.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself
to the exact details as above described as the same may be varied without departing
from the nature of my invention, but what I claim in respect of a holder to which an
incandescent electric lamp is attached by the engagement of terminal loops on the
lamp with hooks carried by the holder and provided with suitable draw-springs or
buffers, is :-
1. The employment of a spring by means of which the lamp is pressed down
against the pressure of the draw-springs or buffers of the hooks carried by the holder,
substantially as described for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination, of an inner part for fixture to the bracket or support by which
the holder and lamp are to be carried and carrying at its lower or outer end the hooks
to which the lamp is to be attached, of an outer part capable of sliding outside the
inner part and formed at its lower end to press upon the lamp, and of a spiral spring
within an annular space between the two parts and operating so that as the outer part
is moved up the spring is compressed, substantially as described for the purpose set
forth.

page_text: 3. The combination, of the steni A A' provided at its upper or outer end with
means of attachment to a fixed bracket or support and having a larger and smaller
diameter and carrying at its lower end the hooks to which the lamp is to be attached,
of a sleeve B B₁ formed also of a larger and smaller diameter so as to leave an
annular space between its part of larger diameter and the part of smaller diameter
of the stem and capable of sliding outside such stem, of the spiral spring C, and of a
stop to the downward position of the sleeve in relation to the stem, all substantially
as described with reference to the drawings herewith for the purpose set forth.
4. The general constructed and combination of parts substantially as described and
shown by the drawings herewith, for the purpose set forth.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Walsall and Wolverhampton,
Agent for the Applicant.