AN IMPROVED COOKING APPARATUS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE PUR- POSES OF LIGHTING AND HEATING
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
JAMES NORTON, of Weymouth, in the County of Dorset, Cook and Confec-
tioner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of January (One thousand eight hundred
and forty-five), in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said George James Norton,
my exors, admors, and assigns, Her special licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said George James Norton, my exors,
admors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said George James Norton,
my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within that part of Her Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland called England, Her Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed,in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also
in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, ny Invention of "AN
IMPROVED COOKING APPARATUS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE PUR-
POSES OF LIGHTING AND HEATING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso obliging me, the said George James Norton, to particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and
[Price Sl

page_text: to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George James Norton, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be fully described
and set forth in and by the following statement and Specification thereof,
reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, which Ideclare to belong
to and to form part of such Specification, by the letters and numeral figures
marked thereon for the purpose of reference (that is to say):-
The nature of my said Invention consists in and has reference to improved
apparatus for the conduct of culinary operations, and the application of certain
parts thereof to the purposes of heating and of illumination. And I declare
the particular manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into
practical effect to be and to consist in the construction and the arrangement of
mechanical parts, together with the combinations of such parts with and
amongst each other, devised for and applied to the herein-before said
purposes, as the same are herein-after described and set forth (that is
to say):-
The Figure 1 of the Drawing No. 1 shews a view in front elevation of
arrangements and apparatus comprising a furnace and fireplace, with the
necessary flues for heating successive ranges or nests of cooking ovens,steam-
ing closets, hot plates, revolving jackwork for open roasting, and an apparatus
for generating and distributing gas from the same furnace.
The Figure 2 of the Drawing No. 1 shews a view of transverse vertical
section, taken through the lines A, B, of the Figure 1 of that Drawing, the
internal construction and arrangement of the apparatus.
The Figure 3 of the Drawing No. 1 shews a view of horizontal section
of the apparatus taken through the line F, F, of the Figure 1 of that
Drawing.
The Figure 4 of the Drawing No. 1 shews a view of horizontal section
of the apparatus taken through the line E, E, of the Figure 1 of that
Drawing.
The Figure 5 of the Drawing No. 1 shews a view of horizontal section
of the apparatus taken through the line F, F, of the Figure 1 of that
Drawing.
The Figure 6 of the Drawing No. 1 shews a view of horizontal section

page_text: of the apparatus taken through the line C, C, of the Figure 1 of that
Drawing.
ratus.
In each of the Figures of the Drawing No. 1 the same parts of the appa-
ratus are respectively marked with the same letters of reference, in as far as
such several parts can be shown in each of such Figures. In the Figure 1
of Drawing No. 1 the entire Figure shews the complete front of the appa-
The line A, B, drawn vertically through the Figure, marks the place
and the direction in which the vertical section, shewn in the Figure 2, is
taken. The line C, C, drawn horizontally through the Figure, marks the
place and the direction in which the horizontal section shewn in the Figure 6
is taken. The line D, D, drawn horizontally through the Figure, marks the
place and the direction in which the horizontal section shewn in the Figure 5
is taken. The line E, E, drawn horizontally through the Figure, marks the
place and the direction in which the horizontal section shewn in the Figure 4
is taken. The line F, F, drawn horizontally through the Figure, marks the
place and the direction in which the horizontal section shewn in the Figure 3
is taken. G. G, shews the central portion of the apparatus, consisting of the
furnace or fireplace I, I, with its ashpit. K, and usual fittings. L, L, is a
space beneath the ashpit, and which I apply to the purposes of a preparatory
heating chamber. M is a gas retort placed over the furnace I, I, the gas
generated being led off to the usual gas apparatus and gasometer behind the
the cistern U (Figure 1). N, N, N, N, N, N, mark ranges of ovens and
hot closets, which are closed by sliding doors shewn at n, m, n, n, n, n.
N* one of such sliding doors is removed to shew the interior. 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
are hot-air flues leading from the fireplace, as more distinctly shewn in the
Figure 2; they circulate at the back of and beneath the closets N,N,N,N,N,N.
P is a set of vaues revolving on an horizontal spindle p, and driven by an
effluent stream of hot air from the flues 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, entering the chamber Z,
in which the vanes are placed, by an aperture 2, furnished with a suitable
damper at the outer extremity of the horizontal spindle p (as shewn in
the Figure 2). It is connected by bevil gear at p* with the vertical spindle
Q, Q, which carries the arms Q, and also dripping pans R, R. To the arms
Q the viands are suspended, which are to be exposed to the action of roasting
by the direct and radiating heat from the front of the furnace fire at I. A
metal screen S, S, surrounds this roasting apparatus, convenient access to
which is obtained by the door at s, s. T, in the Figures 1 and 2, shews a
reservoir cistern of supply of water, which, by feeding pipes t, t, t, t, supply the
preparatory feeding warm-water cisterns T and U.
W. W, are hot-water
boilers, heated laterally from the furnace I, 1. and H are hot closets,
H
At

page_text: furnishing the hot plates and the usual conveniences of hot closets and hot.
plates in culinary apparatus. H*, H*, are steaming kettles, heated by steam
supplied by the stean feed pipes h.h, h, h, h, h.
In the Drawing No. 2 the Figure 1 shews a modified construction and
arrangement of an apparatus for the performance of the culinary processes
which were the objects of the action of the herein-before described apparatus,
and shewn in the Figure of the Drawing No. 1. In this Figure A, A, A, A,
shew an open fire grate of the form and arrangement as there shewn, or it
may be made of any other form which shall be found suitable to the general
arrangements of the parts, as the same are herein-after described. B,B,B,B,
are boilers surrounding the fire grate A, A, A, A. C. C, is a steam chest.
which is supplied from the boilers B, B, B, B. c, c, c, c, are steam feed
pipes from the steam chest C, C, supplying the ranges of steam boilers D,D,D,
and D, D, D. E, E, and E, E, are hot closets for the usual purposes of hot
closets, and are heated by their contiguity to the steam boilers D, D, D, and
D, D, D, respectively. On the upper part of the front of the fireplace at Fa
circular fan or wheel of oblique vanes is placed on an horizontal spindle, from
the outer extremity of which bevil gear G drives two horizontal spindles H,H,
placed along the extent of the width of the fireplace, and carrying pullies
H, H, at their outward extremities, as shewn in the Drawing. Over the
pullies H*, H, are placed driving chains or lines and *, which descending
respectively to the pullies I and 1*, fixed on the heads of the spits I and I*,
the smaller ends i, i*, of the spits are supported, in the usual manner, ou
perforations a, a, formed in the sides of the surrounding screen S,S,S,S. A
large door T, T, T, T, affords a general access to the entire front of the fire
grate A, A, A, A, and a smaller doors, s, gives access to the particular objects
under operation. Land L* are small pendulous double chains, placed at the
opposite extremities of the fire grate, as shewn in the Figure. The objects
under operation, as M and M, are suspended on the lower end of the chain,
or they are suspended at higher points on the chain, as atm, m, m, m, m, m,
as the occasion may require.
The Figure of the Drawing No. 2 shows a separate view of the construc-
tion and arrangement of a roasting apparatus, in which A, A, A, A, is an
outer case or screen, one side of which is open to the direct radiating action of
the fire. B is a fan of radiating vaues, revolving horizontally on a vertical
axle b,and urged by the action of an effluent stream of atmospheric air, either
cold or heated, or of steam or smoke, D being a pipe of exit for the moving
power. To the lower extremity of the axle ba pinion I is fixed, which gears
into and drives a horizontal spur wheel K, which latter is fixed to the upper

page_text: extremity of the vertical rod L, to the lower extremity of which is fixed a
dripping pan M, of one or more compartments, as the number of objects to be
operated upon may require. Such objects are suspended to cross-bearing
arms E, E. A door a, a, affords convenient access to the interior of the
apparatus. The effluent stream which enters at the tube C, and has egress at
the pipo D, after driving the vanes B, passes through the small descending
pipe d, d, d, into a chamber G, which, if steam or heated air be the effluent
Stream used at the pipe C, will convert the chamber into a hot closet. The
apparatus is moved from place to place on castors ax, x, x.
In the Figure 3 of the Drawing No. 2 is shewn an apparatus for producing
the continued circular motion required for the operation of roasting by the
action of electro-magnetic or galvanic agency. A, A, A, A, is an outer and
fixed case or screen, open at one of its sides to the fire; B, B, an inner and
moveable frame, carrying supporting arms C, C, to which are suspended the
objects under operation, as shewn at y, y. y. The centre rod D of the arms
C, C, is fixed to and passes through the cross arms d, d, and thence into and
through a fixed cross supporting bar E. The framework B, B, and the parts
and objects which are attached to it, receive their required continued circular
motion by the following means -E, e, e, and I are the parts and arrange-
ments of a Smee's apparatus; G, G, a pair of magnets receiving continued
circular motion on a spindle g, which, by its connection with the train of
wheels and pinions h, h, i, and is driven, and carries with it the framework
B, B, B, B, &c., which is fixed thereon at L.
The Figure 4 of the Drawing No. 2 shews a modified construction of a
continued circular movement as applied to driving a jack or roasting apparatus
by the action of an effluent stream. A, A, A, is an outer case to be fixed in
any convenient part of a fireplace or chimney shaft, on the upper part of which
is set a set of radial vanes B, revolving freely upon a spindle C. An effluent
stream is directed at opposite points of the circular set of vaues, giving it the
required continued circular motion. The spindle C has at its lower extremity
a worm or endless screw F, which gears into and with a worm wheel G. The
wheel G is set upon one extremity of the spindle H, which at its other
extremity carries a pulley I, which is therefore driven by the worm wheel G.
On and over the pulley I, a chain of communication passes down to the spit
or other object requiring to be turned.
Having now described the nature and intention of my said Invention, and
also in what manner the same is to be ascertained and performed, I now
declare that I claim as of my Invention the particular modes of arrangement
and the particular combinations of parts, together with the principles of

page_text: construction upon and according to which such particular modes of arrange-
ment and such particular combinations of parts are made, and by which the
same are carried into practical effect. Such, the modes of arrangement, com-
binations of parts, and principles of construction, being in the manner as I
have herein-before specified, described, and set them forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George James Norton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
GEO. JAMES (L.S.) NORTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of July,
in the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid George James Norton came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand oight hundred and forty-five