Improvements in the Process of Drop Forging.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Aug., 1899
Comtats Crocifination Loft 6th Nov 1809—Accented 30th Dec. 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Process of Drop Forging.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT HOWE, of 421, S. Jefferson Street, in the City of Dayton,
County of Montgomery, and State of Ohio, Physician, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the process of drop forging, the
object being to swage or drop forge materials so as to produce a dovetailed or
undercut channel therein, and if desired at the same time to produce the outer
configuration it is desired the finished article shall have.
According to this invention it is proposed to first produce a blank by suitable
dies, which for convenience may be called the forming dies, in which the groove
in the blank is formed with an arched or upwardly curved base and with flanges
or side walls, from which the male groove-forming portion of the forming die
can be easily withdrawn. Then with another set of dies, which for convenience
are called the bending dies, the process is completed flattening down the curved
base of the blank, the groove forming portion of the bending die being suffi-
ciently narrow to readily withdraw from the groove, while the other portions of
this set of dies are of the shape in reverse of the finished article. Under these
circumstances the flattening down of the arched base of the groove forces the side
walls to bend towards each other and this action may be assisted by the formation
of the side, and a dovetailed groove is the result of the drop forging.
The process will now be described as applied to the formation of a dovetailed
groove in the under or tread surface of a horse shoe and for the production of
such shoes the process is particularly applicable.
In the forming dies the female die has a horse-shoe shaped recess with an arched
or raised middle portion and slightly flaring side walls, while the male die has
a circular projection to form the main groove in the blank, such projection
having a central depression to form the arched base of the groove in the blank
with sloping walls to form the inside slightly flaring walls of the groove, while
the outer projections are provided to form the nail holes in the blank. The metal
for the shoes is presented to the forming dies as a rectangular bar which has
been previously curved into horse shoe shape. It is placed between the forming
dies and the dies struck with the hammer in the usual way, and the blank is thus
formed with the groove having slightly flaring side walls and an arched base.
Under the hammer the surplus metal forms a fin on the side edges of the
blank, and in order that these fins may come at the edge of the blank all the
way around, and inasmuch as the portion of the shoe containing the nail holes
is considerably narrower than the tread surface of the shoe, the entire outside
face of the female die is preferably depressed and the outside surface of the male
die is preferably raised to correspond with the difference in height of the tread
and nail portion of the blank, the change of surface being a graduated slope.
The fin thus formed on the inner and outer edges of the blank is then cut or
trimmed off and the blank is ready for the bending dies in which it takes its
ultimate shape.

page_text: In the bending dies the female, die is provided with concentric grooves, the
outside walls of which flare outwardly leaving a projection between them which
is slightly narrower at the top than at the base, while the male die is simply
a horse-shoe shaped punch gauged to fit within the female die.
The blank formed by the forming dies is then placed within the recess in the
female bending die in reverse position to that which it occupied in the forming
dies. The male die or punch and the projection in the female die flatten out the
arch at the base of the blank, thus causing the flanges of the blank to bend
inwards, forming the dovetailed groove, while at the same time the walls of the
grooves in the female die assist in this bending operation so that a perfectly even
dovetailed groove
is formed in, the horse-shoe, running from heel to heel if
desired. The nail depression and the nail holes being already formed in the
forming dies, the last operation above described practically consists in merely
bending up the blank into the form desired.
Dated this 1st day of August 1899
PHILIP. M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicant.
Improvements in the Process of Drop.Forging.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT HOWE formerly of 421, S. Jefferson Street, in the City
of Dayton, County of Montgomery, and State of Ohio, but now of 35, Tremont
Avenue, Morris Heights, New York, Physician, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the process of drop forging, the
object being to swage or drop forge materials so as to produce a dovetailed or
undercut channel therein, and if desired at the same time to produce the outer
configuration it is desired the finished article shall have.
According to this invention it is proposed to first produce a blank by suitable
dies, which for convenience may be called the forming dies, in which the groove
in the blank is formed with an arched or upwardly curved base and with flanges
or side walls, from which the male groove-forming portion of the forming die
can be easily withdrawn. Then with another set of dies, which for convenience
are called the bending dies, the process is completed flattening down the curved
base of the blank, the groove forming portion of the bending die being suffi-
ciently narrow to readily withdraw from the groove, while the other portions of
this set of dies are of the shape in reverse of the finished article. Under these
circumstances the flattening down of the arched base of the groove forces the side
walls to bend towards each other and this action may be assisted by the formation
of the side, and a dovetailed groove is the result of the drop forging.
The process will now be described as applied to the formation of a dovetailed
groove in the under or tread surface of a horse shoe and for the production of
such shoes the process is particularly applicable.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a central cross section of the forming dies with the blank shoe in
place.
Fig. 2 is a similar cross section of the bending dies with the finished shoe in
place.

page_text: Figs. 3 and 4 are plaň views respectively of the male and female forming dies.
And Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views of the bending dies.
In the forming dies the female die B has a horse shoe shaped recess with an
arched or raised middle portion and slightly flaring side walls while the
male die has a semi-circular projection e to form the main groove D in the blank,
such projection having a central depression d to form the arched base of the
groove in the blank with sloping walls ee to form the inside slightly flaring
walls of the groove, while outer projections ff are provided to form the nail
holes 9 9 in the blank such projections being formed on a ridge which produces
the groove for the nail heads. The metal for the shoes is presented to the
forming dies as a rectangular bar which has been previously curved into horse
shoe shape. It is placed between the forming dies and the dies struck with the
hammer in the usual way, and the blank C is thus formed with the groove D
having slightly flaring side walls and an arched base.
Under the hammer the surplus metal forms a fin on the side edges of the blank,
and in order that these fins may come at the edge of the blank all the way
around, and inasmuch as the portion of the shoe containing the nail holes is
considerably narrower than the tread surface of the shoe, the entire outside
face of the female die is preferably depressed and the outside surface m of the
male die is preferably raised to correspond with the difference in height of the
tread and nail portion of the blank, the change of surface being a graduated
slope as shown at np in the respective dies.
The fin thus formed on the inner and outer edges of the blank is then cut or
trimmed off and the blank is ready for the bending dies in which it takes its
ultimate shape.
In the bending dies the female die F is provided with concentric grooves r, s,
the outside walls of which flare outwardly leaving a projection t between them
which is slightly narrower at the top than at the base, while the male die E is
simply a horse-shoe shaped punch K gauged to fit within the female die.
The blank formed by the forming dies is then placed within the recess in the
female bending die in reverse position to that which it occupied in the forming
dies. The male die or punch and the projection in the female die flatten out
the arch at the base of the blank, thus causing the flanges of the blank to bend
inwards, forming the dovetailed groove w, while at the same time the walls of
the grooves in the female die F assist in this bending operation so that a per-
fectly even dovetailed groove is formed in the horse-shoe, running from heel to
heel if desired. The nail groove and the nail holes being already formed in the
forming dies, the last operation above described practically consists in merely
bending up the blank into the form desired.
It will be evident from the above description that the process is equally appli-
cable to the formation of re-entering grooves in other articles, and it is not
desired to limit the application of the process to the forming of horse shoes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The process of forming a longitudinally curved dovetailed groove in metal
by forging, which consists in first forming the groove of the desired curve with
an arched base and open flanges, by swaging with suitable dies, and then swag-
ing the base and bending the flanges with suitable dies to form the groove, sub-
stantially as described.
2. The process of forming a longitudinally curved dovetailed groove in metal
with closed ends by forging, which consists in first forming the groove with the
longitudinally curved and closed ends, but with arched base and open flanges by
swaging with suitable dies, and then swaging the base and bending the flanges
with suitable dies to form the groove, substantially as described.
3. The process of forming a horse shoe provided with a longitudinally curved

page_text: dovetailed groove closed at the ends, by forging, which consists in first forming
a longitudinally curved closed groove with arched base and open flanges by suit-
able dies, then reversing the blank and simultaneously swaging the base and bend-
ing the flanges with suitable dies to form the groove, substantially as described.
4. In the process of drop forging the use of two sets of dies formed and operat-
ing as herein before described.
Dated the 4th day of November 1899.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London, For the Applicant.