Improvements in or relating to Cultivators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1893-Accepted, 6th May, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Cultivators.
A communication from MASSEY-HARRIS (LIMITED), of Toronto, County of
York, Province of Ontario, Canada, Agricultural Implement Makers.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the invention is to produce a strong and simply constructed
cultivator in which each tooth is capable of independent lateral adjustment as well
as of angular adjustment so that its pitch may be varied as desired and in which all the
sections may be simultaneously elevated or depressed by the action of a single hand-
lever, and it consists essentially of a cultivator in which each section is composed of a
piece of metal independently pivotted to the frame of the machine, each section having
cross-bars set in pairs, the cross-bars constituting each pair being so set apart as to
leave a longitudinal opening sufficiently wide to receive the fastenings used in
securing the teeth to the section, permitting the independent lateral motion of the
teeth each tooth resting upon and being adjustably attached to a saddle arranged to
permit the angling of the teeth, the saddle being so formed and arranged as to grip
or hook under the rear side of the section as well as to engage with the adjoining
cross-bar so as to take the torsional strain of the tooth when the cultivator is
operated. All the sections are suitably attached to arms extending from a rocking
bar the said rocking bar being provided with a hand-lever, the whole being arranged
and operated substantially as hereinafter more particularly explained.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the improved section with the cultivator teeth
attached in accordance with this invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the improved section connected to the
frame of the cultivator and to the mechanism for raising and depressing the said
section.
Figs. 3 and 4 are details of the seat of and fastenings for the cultivator teeth.
Figure 5 is a detail of the washer on the rear tooth-fastening showing the flange
on the washer to which the bar carrying the shoe is attached.
Like letters of reference indicate similar parts in the different figures.
In the drawings A represents the section formed of a single piece of metal
preferably of angle steel. Each section A is independently pivotted upon the
frame C which is carried by the axle D on which the ground wheels are journalled.
When the piece of metal forming the section A is angular in shape, it is set as
indicated so as to present the flat surfaces on the top and side of the section. More
than two places may be provided for the purpose of connecting the teeth to the
section but two points are sufficient, one at the back of the section and the other at
or near the centre. The one at the back of the section is formed partially by the
rear cross-bar A' of the said section, a bar E being rivetted or otherwise rigidly
secured to the sides of the section A, a slight distance from the rear cross-bar of the
section, the space between the two being sufficiently wide to permit the passage of
the tooth fastening. At the other places the cross-bars E are arranged in pairs.
Instead of arranging the cross-bars in pairs a single cross-bar with a longitudinal
opening for the tooth fastening may be substituted.
The teeth used in this cultivator are of that class known as curved teeth, the
curve forming the seat being made in the reverse direction to that in which the
point of the tooth is directed.
F is a curved saddle resting on the cross-bars of the section and more particularly
shown in Figures 3 and 4, one end c, being shaped so as to grip or hook under the

page_text: rear bar A¹ of the section A (vide Fig. 4) or under the rear cross-bar E, in the
centre of the section (vide Fig. 3) the other end of the curved saddle having a lip a
formed on it to engage with the angle of the front cross-bar E; the angle bars E
and A', thus holding the saddle from either a backward or a forward movement
and enabling it to take the torsional strain of the tooth when the cultivator is
operated.
The curved spring tooth G rests upon the saddle
butting against the lugs & formed on the saddle F.
a helper H curved to fit the top of the tooth G.
through the tooth G and helper H to permit the
angling the tooth.
F, one side of the said tooth
Next to the tooth G is placed
Elongated holes d are made
bolt I to pass and to admit of
In Fig. 3 a flat washer J is shown placed upon the bolt I and butting against the
cross-bars E in the centre of the section. On top of the helper H a washer K
is placed (ride Figs. 1 and 3), a tit L projecting from the washer K fits into the
elongated hole d made in the helper H and tooth G ; the elongated hole in the
tooth G and helper H permits the adjustment of the said tooth without the necessity
of removing the bolt I so that the angle of the teeth can be readily set without the
removal of a single bolt merely by loosening the nut.
By forming a transverse opening where the teeth fastenings are set the said
fastenings may be adjusted across the machine and the teeth may thus be set closer
together or separated as far as the width of the section will permit without the
removal of a single bolt, by merely loosening the nuts.
In order to connect the shoe M to the section a flange N is formed on the
washer J (vide Figs. 4 and 5) to which the bar O carrying the shoe is attached and
which projects directly behind the tooth G, or the said bar O may be otherwise
attached directly to the saddle F so that in either instance the said bar may partake
of the transverse motion of the saddle F, when shifted on the cross-bars, and the
shoe M is thus caused to follow immediately behind the tooth attached to the
saddle F. A seat is formed for the shoe M by a flanged bracket P, which flanged
bracket with the shoe M is rigidly held in position by the clip Q. By thus
connecting the shoe to the tooth fastening, the said shoe may be moved laterally
with the tooth without requiring any extra adjustment. In Figure 4, the bar O is
broken away so as to show the lipped flange N on the washer J on the rear cross-
bars of the section the bar O which carries the shoe being bolted to the lipped
flange N by the bolt h; and Fig. 5 shows in detail the shape of the said washer and
the Hange which is thus adapted to serve both as a support for the bar carrying the
shoe as well as to form part of the tooth fastening.
R is a rocking-bar suitably journalled to the frame C; above each section A
an arm S is fixed to the rocking-bar R and from this arm S a chain T extends
and is connected with the section A preferably at the centre cross-bars. A suitable
hand-lever U is fixed to the rocking-bar so that the said rocking-bar may be rocked
in either direction.
V is an arm fixed to the rocking-bar R and provided with a pin g which projects
into the slot W formed in the link X pivotted at its lower end at j to the end of
the arm Y which latter is rigidly attached at its other end to the bar B at i, the
bar B being journalled on the frame.
A pressure bar Z preferably made of spring-steel is rigidly attached at one end
to the said bar B, the other or free end of the said pressure bar Z resting preferably
on the centre cross-bars E.
From the connection described it will be seen that the backward movement of
the hand-lever U will draw upon the chain T and raise all the sections clear of the
ground. When the machine is in operation and it is desired to increase the
pressure of the teeth against the ground, the hand-lever U is moved forward so as
to bring the pin g projecting from the arm V against the bottom of the slot W, and
by thus pressing down on the link X the arm Y is depressed and thus rocks the
bar B in such a manner as to force all the pressure bars Z down on their respective
sections.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,-
1. A cultivator in which each section is composed of an integral piece of metal
independently pivotted to the frame of the machine substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
2. A cultivator section made of metal and having metal cross-bars set to form
supports to carry the teeth of the cultivator and forming transverse openings to
receive the fastenings for the teeth substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. A cultivator section made of metal and having metal cross-bars set in pairs
the bars forming each pair being set apart to leave a transverse opening sufficiently
wide to receive the fastenings used in securing the teeth and to permit their
independent lateral adjustment substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. A saddle formed to grip the cross-bars and shaped to form a seat for the
tooth in combination with a washer butting against the bottom of the cross-bars
and a bolt passing between the cross-bars and arranged to clamp together the
washer tooth and saddle substantially as and for the purpose specified.
5. A saddle formed to grip the cross-bars and shaped to form a seat for the tooth
in combination with a washer having a projecting flange to which the bar sup-
porting the shoe is rigidly connected and a bolt passing between the cross-bars and
arranged to clamp together the washer tooth and saddle substantially as specified.
6. In a cultivator a bar O adapted to carry the shoe in combination with a tooth-
fastening laterally adjustable on the cross-bars of the section substantially as and
for the purpose specified.
7. In a cultivator a bar O adapted to carry the shoe in combination with a flanged
washer and a tooth-fastening laterally adjustable on the rear cross-bars of the
section substantially as specified.
8. In a cultivator a bar O adapted to carry a shoe M in combination with a
washer J and flange Nto which the bar O is rigidly attached and a bolt I passing
between the cross-bar E and rear cross-bar A¹ on section A and arranged to clamp
together the washers the curved spring tooth the helper and saddle substantially as
specified.
9. In a cultivator a washer K having a tit L adapted to fit into an elongated slot
formed in the spring tooth G and helpor H in combination with a saddle Fand
lugs formed thereon and a bolt I passing between the cross-bars and arranged to
clamp together on the cross-bars the washers the tooth and the saddle substantially
as specified.
10. In a cultivator in combination with the cross-bars of a section set in pairs
and forming a transverse opening a curved saddle seated on said cross-bars and
adjustably fastened thereto and so shaped as to grip or hook at one end under the
rear cross bar the other end of the saddle having a lip to engage with the front
cross-bar so as to take the torsional strain of a curved spring tooth attached to said
curved saddle substantially as and for the purpose specified.
11. In a cultivator a rocking-bar suitably journalled on the frame of the machine
and provided with a hand-lever arms fixed to the rocking-bar and connected
respectively to the section and to the pressure-bar substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
12. In a cultivator a pressure bar fixed to a bar journalled on the frame an arm
fixed to the said last mentioned bar and having pivotted to it a slotted link in
combination with an arm fixed to the rocking-bar and connected with the slot in the
said link and of an arm likewise fixed to the rocking-bar and connected to the
pivotted section substantially as and for the purpose specified.
13. In a cultivator a saddle adjustably attached to the cross-bars of a section in
combination with a washer having a tit formed thereon and a curved spring tooth
with an elongated slot in its seat to receive the tit and the bolt attaching the
tooth to the saddle substantially as specified.

page_text: 14. The combination with a cultivator of a pivotted lever arranged to elevate
and depress the teeth of the cultivator substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
1. Dated this 28th day of Feb 1802
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.