Improvements in Multiple Expansion Engines.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Multiple Expansion Engines.
I, WILLIAM MORRIS, of 20 Wood Street, Partick, in the City of Glasgow,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to distributing valves for four cylinder triple and quad-
ruple expansion enginos, and it has for its object to improve the construction of
these, so that by the employment of two valves only, the steam is properly dis-
tributed to the several cylinders.
To that end I employ piston valves, and place one of the valves between the
high pressure and the intermediate cylinder, and the other valve between the
two low pressure cylinders, in the case of a four cylinder triple expansion engine,
and between the second intermediate aud the lower pressure cylinders, in the
case of a quadruple expansion engine: The valves which are of the hollow.piston
type are each provided with four distinct piston rings which cover and uncover
ports formed in a liner in the valve casing, which ports communicate by means
of annular passages surrounding them, with the steam ports of the cylinders
between which the valve is situated. The liner is preferably formed in two
lengths separated from each other at the middle of the valve casing, and in
conjunction with the valve casing it forms the series of annular passages before
mentioned which put the steam ports of the cylinders alternately in communica-
tion with the pressure steam and the exhaust. The middle annular passage in
the valve casing communicates with the pressure steam, and on the movement of
the piston valve a series of ports near the inner end of one of the liners are
uncovered to admit steam to one end of the high pressure cylinder, and at the same
time, the other end of the high pressure cylinder is exhausting by way of a series
of ports near the inner end of the other liner, which communicate with a series of
ports in the piston valve leading to the interior of said valve. The steam exhaust-
ing from the high pressure cylinder passes by way of the hollow piston valve to
one end of the intermediate cylinder; and enters it by way of a series of ports
at the outer end of one of the liners, which are uncovered synchronously with the
opening to steam and exhaust of the ports in the high pressure cylinder, and also
simultaneously with the opening to exhaust of the ports leading to the other end.
of the intermediate cylinder. The exhaust from each end of the intermediate
cylinder takes place through a series of ports in the liner communicating with an
annular passage from which the steam ports of the cylinder branch, between
which series of ports and another series of ports in the liner, one of the amular
spaces between the pistons of the piston valve establishes communication. The
last mentioned series of ports each communicate with an annular passage connected
to a pipe whereby the steam, which has done duty in the high pressure and inter-
mediate pressure cylinders is conveyed to the steam space of the distributing
valve situated between the two low pressure cylinders, in the case of a four cylinder
triple expansion engine, or between the second intermediate and the low pressure
cylinders, in the case of a quadruple expansion engine. The valve casing for

page_text: the low pressure valve is constructed in a manner similar to the valve casing
between the high pressure and intermediate cylinders, and the piston valve is
also constructed with four piston rings; but the pressure steam in the middle
annular pessage instead of surrounding the piston as in the case of the high
pressure valve, is when applied to two low pressure cylinders constantly in com-
munication with the interior of the piston valve. By the movement of the
valve, the action of which is similar to that already described, the pressure steam
is admitted simultaneously to opposite ends of the cylinders between which it is
situated; by the uncovering of the outer series of ports in the top liner and of the
inner series in the lower liner. The other ends of these cylinders are each at
this time in communication with the exhaust which takes place because the series
of ports in the liner, communicating with the annular passage from which these
ports of the cylinders branch, are by means of one of the annular spaces formed
around the piston brought into communication with another series of ports in
the liner, these latter ports being connected by means of a pipe with the
condenser.
When the last mentioned valve is applied to the intermediate and low
pressure cylinders of a quadruple expansion engine, the valve acts in precisely
the same manner as described with reference to the valve situated between the
high pressure and the first intermediate cylinder.
Dated thin 26th dor of Dhanamban 1000
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
'
Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.
improvements in Multiple Expansion Engines.
.I, 'WILLIAM MORRIS, of 20 Wood Street, Partick, in the City of Glasgow,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This, Invention relates to distributing valves for four cylinder triple aud quad-
ruple expansion engines, and it has for its object to, improve the construction of
these, so that by the employment of two valves only, the steam is properly dis-
tributed to the several cylinders.
1.1.
The Invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 being a
vertical section of a four cylinder triple expansion engine, shewing the improved
valve, applied thereto, and Figure 2 an enlarged section of the distributing valve
used
in this engine and in engines of the multiple expansion type. Figures 3
and 4, and Figures 5 and 6 are vertical and horizontal sections respectively of
two modified forms of the improved, valve.
In carrying out the Invention I, employ piston valves A, B, and place one of
the valves, namely, the valve A between the high pressure cylinder and the
intermediate cylinder D and the other valve B between the two. low pressure
cylinders E, F, in the case of a four cylinder triplo expansion engine as shewn,
and between the second intermediate and the lower pressure.cylinders, in the case
of a quadruple expansion engine. The valves A, B, which are of the hollow
piston type are each provided with four distinct piston rings A', A2, A3, A4,
and B, B, B3, B4, respectively, which cover and uncover ports G:G², G, G

page_text: formed in liners H in the valve casing I, which ports communicate by means of
annular passages. J1, Ja, J, J, surrounding them, with the
'ports C, Ca
D', D, E, F, and F1, Fa, of the cylinders C, D, and E, F, between which the
valves A, B, are situated. The liners H are preferably formed in two lengths
separated from each other at the middle of the valve casing I, and in conjunction
with the valve casing they form the series of annular passages J, J, J, J,
before mentioned which put the steam ports C, C3, D', DE, E, F, F, of the
cylinders C, D, E, F, alternately in communication with the pressure steam and
the exhaust. A middle annular passage K in the valve casing I containing the
valve A communicates with the pressure steam; and on the movement of the
piston valve A the series of ports G near the inner, end of one of the portions
of the liner H are uncovered to admit steam by the port to one end of the
high pressure cylinder C and at the same time, the other end of the high pressure
cylinder C is exhausting by way of a series of ports Gs near the inner end of the
other portion of the liner, which communicate with the series' As of the ports A5, A6,
in the piston valve A leading to the interior of said valve. The steani exhausting
from the high pressure cylinder C passes by way of the hollow piston. valve A
to one end of the intermediate cylinder D, and enters it by way of the series of
ports Gat the outer end of one of the portions of the liner, which are uncovered
synchronously with the opening to steam and exliaust of the ports C, C³, in the
high pressure cylinder C and also simultaneously with the opening to exhaust of
the port leading to the other end D of the intermediate cylinder. The
exhaust from each end of the intermediate cylinder D takes place by way
of the ports D', D, therein, through the ports G, G, and through a
series of ports J5, J6, in the liner H, the ports G', G4, communicating with the
annular passages J, J, from which the steam ports C, C, of the cylinder C
branch, between which series of ports J5, J, and the series of ports G, G4, in the
linor H, one of the annular spaces between the rings of the piston valve A estab
lishes communication. The series of ports J, Jo, each communicate with an
annular passage J7, J8, connected to a pipe whereby the steam which has done
duty in the high pressure cylinder C and intermediate pressure cylinder Dis
conveyed to the steam space K of the distributing valve B situated between
the two low pressure cylinders E, F, in the case of a four cylinder triple expansion
engine, as shewa, or between the second intermediate and the low pressure cylinders
in the case of a quadruple expansion engine. The valve casing I for the low
pressure valve B is constructed in a manner similar to the valve casing between
the high pressure and intermediate cylinders, and the piston valve B is also
constructed with four piston rings, but the pressure steam in the middle annular
passage instead of surrounding the piston B as in the case of the high pressure
valve A is when applied to two low pressure cylinders constantly in communica-
tion with the interior of the piston valve. By the movement of the valve, the
action of which is similar to that already described, the pressure steam is admitted
simultaneously to the opposite ends E, F, of the cylinders E, F, between which
it is situated, by the uncovering of the outer series of ports G' in the top portion
of the liner H and of the inner series in the lower liner. The other ends of these
cylinders E, F, are each at this time in communication with the exhaust which
takes place because the series of ports G3, G4, in the liner H communicating with
the annular passages Ja J4, from which these ports E, F, of the cylinders E, F,
branch, are by means of one of the annular spaces formed around the piston
brought into communication with another series of ports J, J6, in the liner H,
these latter ports being connected by means of a pipe with the condenser.
When the last mentioned valve is applied to the second intermediate and low
pressure cylinders of a quadruple expansion engine, the valve acts in precisely
the same manner, as described with reference to the valve situated between the
high pressure and the first intermediate cylinder.
The valve illustrated by Figure 2 differs only from the valve A shown in
Figure 1 and situated between the high pressure and the intermediate cylinders,

page_text: in that the central annular passage K which in Figure 1 formed the steam
passage in this instance forms the exhaust passage and the annular exhaust
passages in Figure 1 become steam passages in Figure 2, the cylinders being
supplied with steam in the movement of the valve which previously opened the
cylinder ports to exhaust.
In Figures 3 to 6 the construction of the valves 'is such that the steam passages
instead of being annular only cover a portion of the circumference of the casing I
and the steam passes from the high pressure cylinder to the centre of the valve
thence to the intermediate cylinder as in Figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
i claim is :-
In multiple expansion engines the improved piston distributing valves con-
structed and arranged to operate substantially as described under several modifica.
tions in the accompanying drawings.
Dohad this 25th day of Sentombar 1807
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank, & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62 Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.