IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CAPSULES OR COVERINGS FOR THE NECKS OF BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Cheswright, of Parkhurst Road, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF
CAPSULES OR COVERINGS FOR THE NECKS OF BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE
RECEPTACLES."
1
Sealed the 3rd February 1880, and dated the 26th November 1879.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Cheswright at the
Office of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 26th November 1879.
CHARLES CHESWRIGHT, of Parkhurst Road, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CAPSULES OR COVERINGS FOR THE
NECKS OF BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES."
My Invention relates to capsules or coverings of that description in which dis-
tinctive marks or devices are employed, the said capsules or coverings being applied
to bottles and other like receptacles for the purpose of affording protection against
fraud. These capsules or coverings are usually so constructed, and their marks or
devices are so designed that while on the one hand any attempt to remove the
capsule or covering from the bottle, for example, ensures the destruction of the
former, the capsule or covering being perforated or otherwise arranged so as to
render it more destructible, on the other hand the marks or devices are not capable
of being readily imitated or counterfeited, so that a perfect guarantee against the
contents of the bottle being tampered with is provided since the capsule or covering
when once removed cannot be applied to the bottle again, and its place cannot
be supplied by another (except a genuine capsule similar to the former one) without
detection.
Now my Invention consists partly in perforating, stamping, embossing, or other-
wise operating upon the capsule or covering so as to produce punctures, openings,
marks, or devices when the capsule or covering is in a flat state, by which means I
am enabled to carry out these operations with less waste of material and more
effectually than is practicable when they are performed upon the capsule in a round
condition. In order to accomplish this result a capsule or covering is first formed,
which is next wholly or partially flattened, and then subjected to the action of
punches, stamps, or piercers so as to produce the required punctures, openings,

page_text: marks, or devices, after which the capsule or covering is opened out and finally
finished by any of the usual and well known means.
When openings are formed in the capsule or covering they may be made of any
required shape, and the capsule or covering thus produced may be combined with
an internal tube bearing marks or devices so arranged as to make register with the
said openings in the outer capsule, the two parts when united under pressure con-
stituting the complete capsule. Facility is thus afforded for producing ornamental
effects not heretofore attainable, also for obtaining marks or devices in more than
one color since portions of the mark or device or sets of marks or devices (say, for
example, in one color) may be formed on the outer covering and other portions (say,
for example, in another color) may be produced on the lining or inner portion, the
combination of the outer and inner portions forming the complete mark or device, or
sets of marks or devices. In some cases the lining or inner portion may consist of
paper or any other suitable material, the same bearing after the manner of a label,
a portion of the mark or device or devices, and being directly applied to the bottle,
whilst the outer portion or covering of sheet metal is formed with an opening or
openings, as herein before described, and carries the complement of the mark or
device or devices of the interior lining in such a manner that the removal of the
outer covering will render the label incomplete and imperfect, thus affording
unmistakable evidence that such removal has taken place.
In some cases the larger openings may be formed upon the capsule when upon a
mandril after the manner of embossing capsules.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Cheswright in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th May
1880.
_CHARLES CHESWRIGHT, of Parkhurst Road, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CAPSULES OR COVERINGS FOR THE
NECKS OF BOTTLES AND OTHER LIKE RECEPTACLES."
My said Invention relates to capsules or coverings of that description in which
distinctive marks or devices are employed, the said capsules or coverings being
applied to bottles and other like receptacles for the purpose of affording protection
against fraud. These capsules or coverings are usually so constructed, and their
marks or devices are so assigned that while on the one hand any attempt to remove
the capsule or covering from the bottle, for example, ensures the destruction of the
forner (the capsule or covering being perforated or otherwise arranged so as to
render it more destructible), on the other hand the marks or devices are not capable
of being readily imitated or counterfeited, so that a perfect guarantee against the
contents of the bottle being tampered with is provided since the capsule or covering
when once removed cannot be applied to the bottle again, and its place cannot be
supplied by another except a genuine capsule similar to the former one without
detection.
Now my said Invention consists partly in perforating, stamping, embossing, or
otherwise operating upon the capsule or covering so as to produce punctures,
openings, marks, or devices when the capsule or covoring is in a flat state, by which
means I am enabled to carry out these operations with less waste of material and
more effectually than is practicable when they are performed upon the capsule in a
round condition. In order to accomplish this result a capsule or covering is first formed,
as shown in Figure 1, which is next wholly or partially flattened by folding it in
two, as indicated in Figure 2, then subjected to the action of punches, stamps, or
piercers so as to produce punctures (for example) as shewn at a, or to produce any
required openings, marks, or devices, after which the capsule or covering is opened
out by a tool of a conical form with a wedge shaped extremity or otherwise, and
finally finished by any of the usual and well known means. By operating upon
the capsules in a flat or folded condition they may be punctured with close per-.
forations throughout nearly the whole length of the capsule, thus producing a
species of lace work, unattainable by other means in the case of long capsules in
consequence of the difficulty in disengaging the capsule from the mandrel without
causing its destruction.
When openings are formed in the capsule or covering they may be made of any
required shape, examples of which are given at b, in Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the
Drawings. Figure 3 shews a round opening; Figure 4, an irregular shaped
opening, and Figure 5 a series of openings forming a species of trellis work. The
openings may be on one or both sides of the capsule or covering; when they
are required to be on both sides, and of similar form, both sets of openings
may be stamped out at one operation. When the openings are required on one
side only a flat core may either be inserted in the capsule or covering or the
openings may be stamped out at the edge of the fold, as shewn in Figure 6. With
the capsules or coverings thus produced may be combined an internal tube, an
example of which is given in Figure 7, the said tube bearing marks or devices or
arranged as to make register with the said openings in the outer capsule, the two
parts, when united under pressure constituting the complete capsule. Figures 8
and 9 represent the tube shewn in Figure 7 combined with the outer capsules or
coverings shewn respectively in Figures 3 and 4. Facility is thus afforded for
producing ornamental effects not heretofore attainable, also for obtaining marks or
devices in more than one color since portions of the mark or device or sets of
marks or devices (say, for example, in one color) may be formed in the outer

page_text: coverings and other portions (say, for example, in another color) may be produced
on the lining or inner portions forming the complete mark or device or sets of
marks or devices.
In Figure 8 the outer capsule or covering is of a color represented by diagonal
lines in the Drawing, and the mark or device c on the inner tube, Figure 7, is on
a ground of another color represented by vertical lines, the said mark or device
being displayed through the opening 6 of the outer capsule or covering.
In Figure 9 a portion of the mark, vide licet, that c is formed upon a ground of the
color represented by vertical lines on the inner tube, and the complement c of the
mark is formed upon a ground of a third color represented by horizontal lines on
the outer capsule, the portion c being displayed through the opening b in the outer
capsule or covering, and registering with the complement c on the latter.
In some cases the lining or inner portion may consist of paper or any other
suitable material, the same bearing after the manner of a label a portion of the
mark, or device, or devices, and being directly applied to the bottle whilst the
outer portion or covering of sheet metal is formed with an openings or openings as
herein before described, and carries the complement of the mark, or device, or devices
of the interior lining in such a manner that the removal of the outer covering will
render the label incomplete and imperfect, thus affording unmistakable evidence
that such removal has taken place. The label may be attached to the bottle or
other like receptacle, or to the interior of the capsule, or may be left loose if
required, the object being to produce a combined or compound label capsule, the
partial destruction of which is ensured in the act of removing the capsule or outer
covering from the bottle neck or receptacle.
If desired the larger openings may be formed upon the capsule when upon a
mandrel, after the manner of embossing capsules.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to bo novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to mo by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
First. Perforating, stamping, embossing, or otherwise operating upon capsules or
coverings so as to produce punctures, openings, marks, or devices when the capsules
or coverings are in a flat or folded state, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described.
Second. The combination with a capsule or covering having an opening or
openings of an inner tube lining or label bearing a mark, or device, or marks, or
devices so arranged as to make register with the said opening or openings,
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the Charles Cheswright, have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal, the Tenth day of May, One thousand eight hundred
and eighte