Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap and Washing Compounds.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 6th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
TRUVIDIONAL DECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap and Washing
Compounds.
We, ARTHUR WARWICK of 5 Clifton Gardens, Battersea, Analytical Chemist,
JONATHAN SMITH of 146 Disraeli Road, Putney, Merchant, and PHILIP WINTER
NICOLLE of 46 Bridge Road West, Battersea, Merchant do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
We have found that by mixing sulphate and bicarbonate of soda together, in the
proportion of two molecules of the former and one molecule of the latter, in aqueous
solution; and by boiling this aqueous solution, and crystallizing it, a new body is
formed, whose crystals have the composition :
This new body is very feebly alkaline, and has great detersive properties.
We take advantage of these two special properties to make, by the aid of this
new body, improved soaps and washing compounds, which, though at least as
cleansing as those now in use, shall be less hurtful to the skin and to the fabrics
submitted to their action.
For some purposes (washing powders, for instance) it may be more convenient &
economical to use the aforesaid mixture of sulphate and bicarbonate of soda in the
form of a powder-without first dissolving and crystallizing it-seeing that, when
this powder is dissolved in water and boiled, in the ordinary process of washing, the
new body above described is formed, without further trouble.
Again, it may be convenient for some purposes to mix this new body with an
excess of sulphate of soda, or other detergent bodies (e.g. borax), in order to form
an economical washing substance.
Dated this Seventeenth day of January 1894.
ARTHUR WARWICK.
JONATHAN SMITH.
PHILIP WINTER NICOLLE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap and Washing
Compounds.
We, ARTHUR WARWICK of 5 Clifton Gardens, Battersea, Analytical Chemist,
JONATHAN SMITH of 146 Disraeli Road, Putney, Merchant, and PHILIP WINTER
NICOLLE of 46 Bridge Road West, Battersea, Merchant do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
We have found that by mixing sulphate of soda and bicarbonate of soda together,
[Price 8d.1

page_text: in the proportion of two molecules of the former and one molecule of the latter, in
aqueous solution; and by boiling this aqueous solution and crystallizing it, a new
body is formed, whose crystals have the composition :
This new body may conveniently be called "a basic carbonated sulphate of
soda." It is very feebly alkaline, and has great detersive properties.
We take advantage of these two special properties. to make, by the aid of this
new body, improved soaps and washing compounds, which, though at least as
cleansing as those now in use, shall be less hurtful to the skin and to the fabrics
submitted to their action.
In making soap, we use the above-described "basic carbonated sulphate of soda "
as follows:- -We prefer to use fatty acids rather than crude fats & oils: we take
six parts of fatty acids, and heat to a temperature of 120°-130° (C.): we melt
five parts of our "basic carbonated sulphate of soda" in its water of crystallization,
and we add this, boiling, to the melted fatty acids, gradually, in three or four
instalments the boiling is then continued until saponification is complete. But we,
by no means, confine ourselves to these proportions, or to this precise method of
operation.
For some purposes (washing powders, for example) it may be convenient and
economical to use the aforesaid mixture of sulphate and bicarbonate of soda in the
form of a powder-without first dissolving and crystallizing it-seeing that when
this powder is dissolved in water and boiled, in the ordinary process of washing,
the new body, "a basic carbonated sulphate of soda," above described, is formed
without further trouble.
Again, it may be convenient for some purposes to mix this new body with an
excess of sulphate of soda, or other detergent bodies (e.g. borax) in order to form
an economical washing substance.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
(1.) The use of the said new body, hereinbefore described, and called " a basic
carbonated sulphate of soda," for the manufacture of soap and of washing
compounds.
(2.) The use of this basic carbonated sulphate of soda with mono-sodium sulphate
(or with other detersive substance, or substances) for the same purposes.
(3.) The use-for the same purposes of such a mixture of sulphate of soda and
bicarbonate of soda (either alone or with other substances) which, when boiled in
aqueous solution, will form the aforesaid basic carbonated sulphate of soda.
Dated this Fifth day of October 1894
ARTHUR WARWICK.
JONATHAN SMITH.
PHILIP WINTER NICOLLE.