AN ATMENT IN TREATING GARANCINE
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Mardon, of Christchurch Chambers, New-
gate Street, in the City of London, Solicitor, for the Invention of "AN
ATMENT IN TREATING GARANCINE."-A communication.
Sealed the 8th January 1856, and dated the 26th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Mardon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
July 1855.
I, WILLIAM MARDON, of Christchurch Chambers, Newgate Street, in the
City of London, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN TREATING GARANCINE " to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of neutralizing the acid which remains in garancine
by ammoniacal gas. For this pupose the garancine is placed on a suitable
vessel with a perforated false bottom, and ammoniacal gas is ebolved or intro-
duced below in such manner as to rise up through the garancine. The
ammoniacal gas also acts on and modifies the lime in the garancine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, file
by the said William Mardon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26t
January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAN
MARDON, of Christchurch Chambers, Newgate Street, in the City of London
Solicitor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letter
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of He
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me
the said William Mardon, Her special licence that I, the said William Mardon,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Mardon, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN TREATING
GARANCINE," (a communication,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Mardon, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Mardon, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention consists of neutralizing the acid which remains in garancine
by ammoniacal gas. For this purpose the garancine is placed on a suitable
vessel with a perforated false bottom, and ammoniacal_gas-is-evolved-or-intro-
duced below in such manner as to rise up through the garancine. The
ammoniacal gas also acts on and modifies the lime in the garancine, and
improves its quality for the purposes of dyeing.
And in order that the said Invention may be most fully understood, and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
innexed.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a plan, and Figure 2 is a vertical section of the apparatus.
A, A, circular wooden vat; B, B, pipe made of copper to let in the steam.
This pipe is to be covered with a layer of water of about one inch deep. C, C,
double perforated bottom, on which is put a bag containing a mixture of lime
and sulphate of ammonia; D, D, perforated basin, of sheet iron, tinned, with
wooden bottom, on which is placed a cloth containing a layer of common
garancine of about one foot in depth; F, F, perforated cover, of sheet iron,
tinned, keeping down a canvas which is placed over and prevents the dispersion
of the garancine; H, ring to be screwed on the upper ledge of the vat and
cover, and fixing tightly between them the two woollen cloths, one of which is
placed under the garancine and the other over, so that the ammoniacal gas
must pass through the layer of garancine.
METHOD OF MAKING THE MODIFIED GARANCINE.
Water is poured into the vat until the steam pipe B is sufficiently covered,
and a mixture of thirteen pounds of sal ammoniac and fourteen pounds of
lime is put on the bottom C; then twenty-five pounds weight of common
garancine is put on to the cloth in the basin D; it is covered by another cloth
and screwed down, as already described; afterwards the steam cock is half
opened. In the beginning little steam is to be let in, that the ammonical
gasification may not be too strong. After having introduced steam during 3
to 3 hours there will be no further generation of ammoniacal gas, and the
operation will be finished.
In witness whereof, 1, the said William Mardon, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
JNO. ALCOCK.
WM MARDON. (L.S.)