Improvements in and appertaining to Apparatus for Cutting or Grinding, Dressing, Sharpening, and Setting Saws.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in and appertaining to Apparatus for Cutting or
Grinding, Dressing, Sharpening, and Setting Saws.
I, HEINRICH LANDIS, of Oerlikon, near Zürich, in the Republic of Switzerland,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The machine herein described is designed more especially for grinding, sharpening
and setting both frame and circular saw blades as well as band saw blades.
The machine comprises a universal, jointed, exactly adjustable emery wheel, which
automatically raises and lowers itself from tooth to tooth, and acts on the tooth shaped
saw blade or on the teeth of the same; and also two opposing slides and stocks,
capable of being changed to suit the peculiar kind of saw blade to be operated upon
and suitably formed for setting the saw. Special attention is directed to the improve-
ments in the mode of fixing circular saw blades.
On the annexed drawings, the construction of this universal machine is shown.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the whole machine.
Figure 2, a plan in part of Figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 a section of the setting apparatus for circular saw blades, when
open and closed respectively.
Figures 5 and 6, plan views of the same.
Figures 7 and 8, sections of the setting apparatus for band saw blades shown in a
reverse way to Figures 3 and 4.
Figures 9 and 10, the respective plan views of the same.
Figures 11 and 12, outline elevation and plan respectively of the machine for
sharpening band saws.
I would draw attention to the fact that the apparatus shown in Figures 11 and 12
for dressing band saws is only reproduced in order to afford a better understanding of
the invention. In these figures and in Figures 1 and 2, the pillar A supports the
actual mechanism which is driven by the axle a, and which, on the outside end, is
fixed in a standard or support B, and carries the driving pulley a'. On the right
and left sides of the machine pillar (see Figures 11 and 12) are the standards C, which
carry the rollers c and are adjustable in the slots c¹ for supporting the band saw
blades & intended to be dressed.
On the axle a is fixed a pulley a², from which the driving rope e¹, passing over the
guide rollers e, goes to the pulley e² of the emery wheel, which is situated in the
stirrup frame f; the latter is movable round the axle fo. In order to enable any
desired inclination to be given to the emery wheel, the frame f¹ is, in accordance with
a given scale, movably adjustable to the head g₁ of the bracket g which is pivoted
at a. Set screws may be used to clamp said frame in any desired position thereon.
The pressing of the emery wheel on the saw blade to be sharpened is brought about
by the weight of the frame itself and its parts. The regulating of the amount of
penetration of the emery wheel into the blade or teeth, as well as the backward
movement of the same, is brought about by means of the support h.
Figure 1 shows this support in elevation; it carries the adjustable slide plate i on
which the emery wheel frame is supported by means of the adjustable guide rod n.
On the main axle a is fixed also the belt pulley a³; from this a belt goes to the
pulley mounted on the axle k, from which the movement is communicated to the
axle . From the axle l, the movement is communicated by means of the trunnion or
pin m, the rod m¹, the double armed lever m², m³ and the pitman m to the support h
for displacing the same at a suitable moment. It will thus be seen that a curved or
compound movement may be given to the said wheel f.

page_text: The forward movement of the saw blade is brought about, when the emery wheel is
raised in the following manner :-
On the axle 1, a cam o is situated which operates, by means of the projection o², the
rod o²; the sliding device p is firmly attached to this draw-rod, and is adapted to
operate the appliance which moves the saw blade forward. It consists of a curved
steel rod engaging the teeth of the saw. The return movement of the draw-bar o²
is brought about by the plate spring q. An adjusting slide p² and screw regulate the
rod p'. In order to prevent, if desired during the grinding of the saw-blade or
during the setting of the teeth, any oscillation of the emery wheel holder f on the
main axle
the rod coupled with g' is hung on the pivot 70 as shown in Figure 1.
The movement of the wheel will then be about the axle /°.
a,
The sharpening of one side of the teeth takes place in the same way as the grinding
above described; that of the other side, on the contrary, takes place in the following
manner :-
The support his put out of action by being fixed to the frame of the machine by
means of the screw hº, the pitman m² is disconnected from m³ and is hooked on the
fixed pivot standing further forward. On the other hand, the rod which serves,
during the grinding, to prevent any oscillation of the emery wheel holding frame, is
hooked on the pivot mo of the lever m², whereby a swinging motion of the emery
wheel holder is brought about because of the bracket g oscillating on its pivot a.
The slide plate on the support h, which now is stationary, gives to the emery
wheel frame, and therefore to the emery wheel according to the more or less inclined
position of i, the required oscillation and thus sharpens the saw teeth with greater or
less inclination. Tho moving forward of the saw blade takes place in a similar manner
to that described during the filing out.
In order to dress circular saw blades of every description, I employ certain
attaching devices, whereby the machine becomes capable of universal use for saw
blades of every sort and is very well adapted for frame saw blades. It is possible to
make deep cuts corresponding to the breadth of the blade.
The following arrangements, specially designated by reference numbers, render the
machine already described suitable for the treatment of circular saw blades:-
The
On the machine pillar A, a slide rest 1 is arranged, in which a slide, 2, can be
moved up and down in a vertical direction by means of a screw spindle 3, situated in
the groove 1. The screw nuts 4 and 5, situated at the top of the slide 2, serve for
securing the circular saw blade; there could, instead, be only one such screw.
spindle 3 is provided at the top with a bevel spur wheel 6; the latter engages with
another such wheel 7, which is placed at one end of a horizontal axle 8, whilst this
latter has a hand wheel 9 at its other end. This device serves to raise or lower the
slide 2. At the lower part of the stand A, a brake screw 10 is arranged, provided
with a handle 11, and serves to fix the screwed spindle 3 in any given position during
the working of the machine.
If a circular saw blade is to be ground, it is secured at its centre by the screw nut 5
(as represented) or even on 4. Then, by turning the hand wheel 9, the screw 4 or 5,
situated on the slide 2, is elevated or lowered until the teeth of the saw blade stand in
the required height or position relatively to the emery wheel. By turning the brake
screw 10, any revolution of the screw spindle 3 is, during the sharpening, prevented.
The sharpening of circular saw blades takes place in a similar way, and according to
the preceding explanations; the same applies to the spacing of the teeth.
The table of the machine is provided with a groove 12 (see left side of Figure 1),
in which a vertical guide rod 13 can play and be secured by a screw 14. The screw
nut 15 serves to hold the circular saw by its centre. The position of the guide rod 13
with fixing bolt 15 is such that the lower part of the blade can be made to lie between
the setting blocks described hereafter.
The screw arrangement for operating these blocks receives its motion from the axle
through the bevel wheels s¹ s2, which are in the ratio of 1 to 2. The wheel s² is
keyed on the axle s on which a cam or eccentric is mounted, and operates the slide

page_text: or block in a suitable manner, which stands vertically to the blade of the saw and
carries the stocks t¹.
The movable or sliding setting stock is situated opposite to the fixed one, but
approximately about a tooth's distance away. The stocks can be changed to suit the
set of the teeth.
The blade is passed between the slides, or blocks, whether it be the blade of a band
saw d, Figures 11 and 12, or of a circular saw, Figures 1 and 2. The face of the
block t, Figures 7 to 10, presses the saw blade against the face of the block to, and
thus grips the blade, while the teeth or projections t¹ and 2 press the teeth of the
blade against the sharpened opposed sloping surfaces 13 and 14 corresponding to the
faces of the projections. For setting the teeth of a circular saw where the blade is
held above the stocks, the vertical pressure faces must lie above the sloping setting
surfaces as shown at t* and to*, (Figures 3 and 4). The setting parts (1* and 2* have
an opposite shape to that shown in the previous case for band and frame saws.
moving round the blades of circular saws when the teeth are being set, there is used
a rod 16, which, in fact, is only an extension of the rod p¹. The rod 16 is supported
at its front end by means of a guide 17, and a spring 18 serves to press the rod 16
against the teeth of the blade which is to be set.
For
For the setting of a circular saw blade, it is fixed by its centre on the bolt 15 of
the support rod 13 and is then brought, by the raising or lowering of the latter, to a
suitable position for the blocks aforesaid to act; the pillar 13 is then fixed in the
position in question by turning the screw 14. The stocks t¹* and 2*, of a shape the
reverse of that used in setting band saw blades, are affixed to the blocks t to in such a
way that the face t* moves itself against the face to*, and the setting of the circular
saw proceeds in the manner already described.
In consequence of the relative proportions of the gearing wheels s¹ and s², the
stocks come into action when two movements have taken place for each tooth of the
blade; in this case, two teeth are set simultaneously.
The cams or eccentrics are designed to be thrown out of gear in order not to
operate the blocks during the filing out and sharpening. If desired, the stocks t✶ t¹*
and to can be moved against one another by means of eccentrics without altering
the nature of the invention.
In order to be able to sharpen and set frame saw blades in a manner corresponding
to that of band saws, the table is divided longitudinally or slotted, in order to give
sufficient room underneath for the blades.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an apparatus for grinding and sharpening circular saw blades, the vertically
adjustable rest or frame 2 located beneath the grinding wheel and adapted to
slide on the pillar A and having one or more attaching bolts 4 and 5 for holding
the circular saw blade in position, which bolts are so situated that the teeth are
operated upon in succession at the top by the grinding wheel f, substantially as
described.
2. In an apparatus for grinding and sharpening circular saws, the combination,
with the slide rest 2 having one or more attaching bolts 4, 5, of the adjusting
screw 3, the driving mechanisın such as bevel wheels 6 and 7, the shaft 8, hand
wheel 9 and the fixing device 10, substantially as set forth.
3. A device for holding circular saw blades while undergoing the operation of
setting, which consists of the support 12 fixed on the table, the pillar 13 capable
of being fixed and adjusted and having an attaching bolt 15 for holding the
circular saw blade over the setting stocks, substantially as described.
4. In an apparatus such as described, the rod extension 16 actuated by a
reciprocating bar p for moving the circular saw blade, which is to be set; in
combination with the hearing 17 acting under the pressure of a spring 18,
substantially as set forth.

page_text: 5. In a machine such as described, the setting jaws t¹* and * standing opposite
to the sloping parts (3* and ** and the corresponding opposing vertical pressure
faces and to*, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. The apparatus for grinding, sharpening or setting saws, combined and arranged
as a whole substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of June 1800
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.