IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA RUBBER TYRES AND OTHER ELASTIC WEARING SURFACES
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES YOUNG of Low Moor near Bradford in the County of York Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF INDIA RUBBER TYRES AND OTHER ELASTIC WEARING SURFACES
to be as follows :—
In order to render elastic tyres of vulcanized india rubber more durable I form
them with a bardened outer wearing surface composed of india rubber having inti-
mately admixed therewith a finely subdivided hard material such for instance as
emery.
-
In forming the tyre I first place into the mould in which the tyre is to be formed
and vulcanized a thin layer of a solution of india rubber with which the hard
powdered material has previously been intimately admixed. With this compound
I coat or cover the inner surface of that part of the mould by which the exterior.
wearing surface of the tyre is to be shaped afterwards I fill the mould with the
ordinary india rubber composition with which elastic tyres are commonly made?
and then close the mould and submit it to heat so as to vulcanize the tyre in the
ordinary manner.
In this way I am able to produce tyres having a much more durable wearing
surface than the surface of rubber tyres heretofore produced.
Other elastic wearing surfaces such for example as the soles of tennis shoes may
similarly have a hard wearing surface given to them which will render them much
more durable than those heretofore made.
,

page_text: "
I, JAMES YOUNG of Low Moor near Bradford in the County of York Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF INDIA RUBBER TYRES AND OTHER ELASTIC WEARING SURFACES and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following Statement :-
In order to render elastic tyres of vulcanized india rubber more durable I form
them with a hardened outer wearing surface composed of india rubber having
intimately admixed therewith a finely subdivided hard material such for instance
as emery.
To effect this I first admix the hard material in a finely powdered state with a
solution of india rubber-this can readily be done simply by stirring the powder
into the solution-the solution is in this way brought to a consistency say of thick
varnish.
The mixed hard material and india rubber solution may then be admixed with
ordinary vulcanizable compound of india rubber say in the proportion of about
3 parts of hardened solution and one part of vulcanizable compound. This
admixture of the solution and vulcanized compound can readily be effected in the
ordinary roller mixing mills whereas it would be impracticable to mix powdered
hard material with the vulcanizable compound without having previously admixed
the powdered material with india rubber solution as above explained.
In order to form the tyre I first place into the mould a layer of the mixed
powdered material and solution or of this mixture combined with vulcanizable
india rubber compound so as to coat or cover the surface of that part of the mould
by which the exterior wearing surface of this tyre is to be moulded. Afterwards
I fill the mould with the ordinary vulcanizable india rubber composition with which
elastic tyres are commonly made and when the mould has been closed I submit it to
heat so as to vulcanise the tyre in the ordinary manner.
In place of partly filling the mould with ordinary vulcanizable compound of
india rubber and partly with mixed powdered material incorporated with vul-
canizable rubber compound the whole of the mould might be filled with mixed
powdered material incorporated with ordinary vulcanizable india rubber compound
so that the whole of the tyre would in this case have finely subdivided hard
material incorporated with it instead of such material being on the outer surfaces
only.
In these ways I am able to produce tyres having a much more durable wearing
surface than the surface of rubber tyres heretofore produced. Other elastic wearing
surfaces such for example as the soles of tennis shoes may similarly have a hard
wearing surface given to them which will render them much more durable than
those heretofore made.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. The manufacture of india rubber tyres with a hardened outer wearing
surface of india rubber compound admixed with finely subdivided hard material
substantially as described.

page_text: Second. The manufacture of india rubber tyres and other elastic wearing
surfaces with a hardened outer wearing surface of india rubber compound admixed
with finely subdivided hard material whilst the inner surface of such tyre or elastic
wearing surface is of vulcanized india rubber substantially as described.