IMPROVE- MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES to be as follows:-
Year: 1885

page_text: We WILLIAM DAVID Sewing Machine Agent of 19 Royal Arcade, and JAMES
WOODLEY Engineer of Maple Villa, King's Road, both in Cardiff in the County of
Glamorganshire do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES to be as follows:-
"
This invention relates to certain improvements in sewing machines as described
in the Specification of Letters Patent No 13873 dated 20th October 1884 granted
to the present applicants.
The hook for engaging the needle thread is mounted on the end of a spindle set
obliquely to the centre longitudinal line (bisecting the needle path) of the machine
and said hook consists of a shank which is secured (either of a piece or by fixing
with boss or screw) to the obliquely mounted spindle.
Upon said shank of the hook is provided a stop against which the thread of the
loop from the needle will bear at one point of time during the formation of the
stitch. The shank is of curved forin, first standing out at right angles from
the spindle then curving outward directly towards the point of the hook, which said
point lies concentrically in a circular plane with the axis of the spindle, from the
said point of the hook a bar or piece of sheet metal projects backward from the
said point of the hook and follows a curved line extending outward (concentrically
and outwardly) from the said point and then a further curve is given to said bar
or plate outwards and downwards so that the edge of the said bar or plate when
seen "end on " is of a somewhat elongated S form.
This hook is driven from the main motion of the machine by bevil goars or as
convenient and is so formed to enter and take the loop of the needle thread then
draw the spool end of said thread through the material and open the loop so as to
carry the same around underneath the bottom of the cup containing the recl,
which carries and supplies the under thread, and to cast off the said needle thread
loop which said thread then engages the under thread forming the lock stitch.
The cup of the reel carrying the under thread is made with a vertical slit which
will allow of the cup metal to spring circumferentially and is to be used for giving
tension to the thread along with other devices for such purpose as may be required
or convenient. An excentric is placed inside the said cup so as to expand the cup
and open the slit to adjust the tension according to the sizes of the thread; below
the cup and inside thereof is an arm carrying a hollow spindle upon which the reel
of cotton revolves and the thread is passed through said hollow spindle directly
from the reel to the tension device so keeping the thread clear from the traverse of
the book.

page_text: We WILLIAM DAVID of 19 Royal Arcade Sewing Machine Agent and JAMES
WOODLEY Engineer of, Maple Villa King's Road both of Cardiff in the county of
Glamorganshire do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN SEWING-MACHINES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in sewing machines founded
upon those described in the Specification of Letters Patent N° 13873 dated
20th October 1884 granted to the present applicants. We are aware that prior to
the date of the said application N° 13873 dated 20th October 1884 that one
Daniel Jones had filed a provisional Specification upon an application No 13233
dated the 6th day of October 1884 for Improvements in lock stitch sewing
machines" and that the complete specifications and particulars under the said
two prior applications had not been published prior to the date of this appli-
cation, and that prior to the said 6th day of October 1884 (the date of the
said Daniel Jones application) the employment of a commercial reel or spool
within a cup or container for furnishing the under thread in sewing machines was
not novel within the realm. We are aware of the specifications of prior Letters
Patent granted to Wormald and Hall N° 1090 dated 25th April 1871 and of
Wormald and Dobson No 2441 dated 15th July 1873 both for "Improvements in
sewing machines" and of Henry Grellier N° 4159 dated 28th August 1883 for
Improvements in sewing machines" and we do not claim anything which is
described and claimed in the said specifications respectively nor do we claim a cup
or container per se for holding ordinary commercial reels or spools for supplying or
furnishing the under thread.
According to this invention the hook for engaging the needle thread is mounted
on the end of a spindle set obliquely to the central longitudinal line (bisecting the
needle path) of the machine and said hook consists of a shank which is secured
(either of a piece or by fixing with boss or screw) to the obliquely mounted
spindle. Upon said shank of the hook is provided a stop against which the
thread of the loop from the needle will bear at one point of time during the
formation of the stitch. The shank is of curved form, first standing out practically
at right angles from the spindle then curving outward directly towards the point
of the hook which said point lies concentrically in a circular plane with the axis of
the spindle; from the said point of the hook a bar or a piece of sheet metal
projects backward from the said point of the hook and follows a curved line
extending outward with a varying curve from the said point and then a further
curve is given to said bar or plate outwards and downwards so that the edge of
said bar or plate when seen end on is of a somewhat elongated S form.
This hook is driven from the main motion of the machine by bevil gears or as
convenient and is so formed to enter and take the loop of the needle thread then
draw the spool end (the supply end) of said thread through the material and open
the loop so as to carry the same around underneath the bottom of the cup con-
taining the reel which carries and supplies the under thread and to cast off the
said needle thread loop by traversing the hook a second time through the said loop

page_text: which said thread will then be drawn up off the cup and engage the under thread
and form the stitch.
The cup of the reel carrying the under thread is made with a vertical slit which
will allow of the cup metal to spring circumferentially and is to be used for
giving tension to the thread along with other devices for such purpose as may be
required or convenient. An eccentric is placed inside the said cup so as to expand
the cup and open the slit to adjust the tension according to the sizes of the thread;
below the cup, inside thereof, is an arm carrying a hollow spindle upon which the
reel of cotton revolves and the thread is passed through said hollow spindle directly
from the reel to the tension device so keeping the thread clear from the traverse of
the hook.
In order that the said invention may be well understood there is annexed hereto
a sheet of drawings illustrative thereof wherein.
Fig. 1 represents a side view of the parts arranged in relation to each other
below the bed plate.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the parts shown in Fig. 1 on a horizontal line directly
below the bed plate but with the hook removed.
"
Figs. 3 and 4 represent the domed or coned cap of the under reel container
serving to guide the needle loop as it is drawn off the reel container.
Figs. 5, and 5° are central section and under plan view respectively of the under
reel container and under thread tension device and Figs. 6 and 6ª are side view
and under plan view respectively of a modification thereof.
Figs. 7 to 12 are representations of the hook.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the hook detached, in position as shown in Fig. 1 and
Fig. 8 is a face view of same, all these hooks in position just as about to engage
the needle loop and as leaving the last preceding loop.
Fig. 9. shows the hook after having, in its traverse, entered the loop and drawn
down the thread previously to spreading the loop.
Fig. 10 shows the hook at a point in its further traverse when the loop has been
spread and the point of the hook is about to rise or is rising to pass again through
the loop to throw off the loop from the varying curve of the back of the hook.
Fig. 11 shows the like hook in position as in Fig. 8 but slightly modified but
not as to its outer varying curve.
Fig. 12 represents a side view of like hook slightly modified as to the stop on
the back thereof the view being taken as from the right hand side of Fig. 9.
Figs. 13 and 14 represent an adjustable throat plate for different class of work.
The fitting of the needle driving portion of the sewing machine in which our
improvements will be employed and the feed motion will be as to "timing"
synchronous with the rotation of the hook as will be understood by any practical
operator.
The hook is mounted upon a bearing made fast to the bed plate a, Fig. 1, and
consists as shown of the downward projecting bracket b: c is the main driving
shaft passing through bracket b, and c¹ is a collar fitting up to the bracket and the
bevil wheel d, is attached to the outer end of the shaft c. A boss on the bracket
receives the collar e, which is capable of adjustment around the boss and is fixed
by set screws and said collar e, has an arm el, with boss e, in which is mounted
a dead pin f, and on said pin f, is the hollow spindle g, carrying a second bevil
wheel d', the said hollow spindle g, carries the boss h, of the shank i of the hook.
The bevil driving wheels d, d', are similar to the well known so-called " Singer
gearing." The set screw of collar e, and the said movable collar arm and bearings
e, el, e², is for purpose of setting the spindle of the hook, on line z z, at the proper
angle of obliquity with the central line 3, 3, of the reel container k. The line xx,
represents a transverse axis of the circular plane in which the hook is traversed.
"
4, is the stop on the shank of the hook against which the thread of the loop
from the needle will bear from the time that the hook attains to the position
shown in Fig. 9 until the loop is cast off the back of the hook. In the modification

page_text: shown in Fig. 12, this stop is produced across the back of the plate of which the
book is formed to the tail m, of the hook. The return curve of the tail m, of the
hook is for purpose of retaining the loop on back of the hook in spreading the
loop and retaining the loop until the same is thrown off the back of the hook.
In Fig. 1, 7, 8, 9, and 10, there is provided a light guard bar n; a swell or
protruberance of the metal of the hook is to be provided at the back of the hook, at
about the point where the stop 7, is provided, for purpose of keeping the loop
properly open to allow of the point of the hook to reenter the loop as shown in
diagram Fig. 7, but Fig. 12, is the only view where the back of the hook is shown
and the said swell or protruberance is to be located at about the point indicated by
the arrow in said Fig. 12.
In the cup or reel container k, Figs. 5 to 6 there is a slit o, allowing the metal
of the cup to spring circumferentially, o¹ is a leader for the under thread coming
from the reel, the thread is then carried down through the tension and up through
the hollow spindle of the cup k.
In Fig. 5 the cam p set at p' on the arm p₁ is used to set the tension of the
springing cup.
In the modification Fig. 6° the arm p³ is set on stud p¹ and a cam p is mounted
upon the centre of the cup and when the cam is adjusted it will act on the tail p³
of arm p² to force the toe piece p' to press more or less against the stop p to give
the tension.
The carrier of the cup is shown in Figs. 3 and 4 in right hand and left hand side
views respectively. The cap is coned interiorily so that the needle thread loop will
not bind between it and the top of the cup and two leader arms q, q', are provided
to lead on and to lead off the loop respectively. The bifurcating supporting arms
r, are hinged by their shank 8, at the hinge s' of the cap, and a spring finger s²
acts on the outer side of shank s see Fig. 1 the whole to support the container k in
combination with the rest 83 of the dead pin f of the hook. In Figs. 2 and 4 is
shown ears t for attaching the cap to the bed plate.
In the throat plates Figs. 13 and 14 various sizes of needle holes are provided
and the plates are set and adjusted in holes of the bed plate by central set screws
as shown.
In commencing to work with the machine the thread from the under reel is
passed upward through the needle hole in the work plate and the needle is
threaded as usual. The fabric is then laid on the work plate in usual manner aud
is held by the presser foot arrangement. The machine is now operated to pass the
needle down through the fabric on its first stitch and meanwhile the hook takes
The hook takes tho
up its motion of rotation to engage with the needle thread.
needle thread loop, and in its rotation draws down the needle thread, spreads it
out clear of the cup, and then throws off the thread from the back of the hook on
to the cup, and said hook again engages the next loop of the needle thread which is
in its turn spread and so takes up the slack from the preceding stitch, and tightens
the stitch in the fabric.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and particulars
of our said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we
declare that what we claim is
Firstly. In a sewing machine, the combination of the hook mounted obliquely
to, and operating in combination with the under reel supply as herein set forth,
and shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.
Secondly. In combination as set forth under the first claim, the means for
mounting, and adjusting the hook to its work characterised by the adjustable
bearing e, e, e³, as herein specified.
Thirdly. In a sewing machine operating as herein specified the hook having
an exterior varying curved S. form with the stop l, on the shank thereof, as
herein described and shown in the respective figures of the drawing mounted and

page_text: operating in combination with the upper and under thread supply, as and for the
purpose set forth.
Fourthly. The under thread container shown in Figs. 5, 5, and 6, 6" for
applying tension to the under thread as set forth.
Fifthly. The cup or holder of under thread container as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3
and 4 for guiding the thread off the container, and
Sixthly. In combination with a sewing machine operating as set forth, the
adjustable throat-plate as herein specified, and shown in Figs. 13 and 14.
Dated ooth Tambon 100K
WALTER A. BARLOW,
Agent for David & Woodley.