Improvements in Fluid Pressure Motors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 14th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1895
Improvements in Fluid Pressure Motors.
1, JAMES MACKINTOSH, of 168 High Street, Lochee, in the County of Forfar,
Scotland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in fluid pressure motors, the object being
to construct an efficient machine by taking advantage of certain properties of gases,
such as their expansibility and velocity of flow under pressure.
In carrying out my invention, I employ a combination of two or more radial
flow turbines and preferably arrange each system or combination in pairs, in order
to balance the longitudinal thrust due to fluid pressure; although in some cases
I may only use a single system, taking up the end pressure by means of any known
suitable thrust block. The aforesaid turbines are arranged to permit the fluid to
The
flow radially, alternately towards and away from the centre, or vice versa.
vane wheels are enclosed in a suitable case, and are fixed upon a shaft whose axis
coincides with that of the case.
Describing in more detail a single system, the other if used, is similar, though
arranged to have its longitudinal thrust in the opposite direction. The working
fluid passes towards the centre of the motor filling an annular chamber there, from
which it passes from such central chamber through inclined guide ports and
impinges against the vanes of the first wheel from whence it passes into a second
annular chamber; its pressure in such chamber being of course less than when it
was in the first, after which it again passes towards the centre through a second
series of inclined guide ports impinging upon a second series of vanes and into a
third annular chamber, where of course the pressure is still lower. Again in some
cases the fluid passes from the centre through inclined guide ports, impinging upon
a third series of vanes and into a fourth annular chamber and so on until the
pressure has been sufficiently reduced, that is to say until the greatest possible
amount of work has been realized. The ports, passages and chambers are pro-
portioned to suit the expanding fluid and the vanes and guides inclined to suit the
direction and velocity of flow of the liquid.
Dated this 14th day of December 1894.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41 Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.
Improvements in Fluid Pressure Motors.
I, JAMES MACKINTOSH, of 168 High Street, Lochee, in the County of Forfar,
Scotland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in fluid pressure motors, the object being
to construct an efficient machine by taking advantage of certain properties of gases,
such as their expansibility and velocity of flow under pressure.

page_text: And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings in which the same reference
numerals are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1. is a cross-section on the line A. B. (Figure 2), Figure 2. (left hand) is
a part longitudinal section on X. Y. (Figure 1.); and (right hand) an external view
of the motor.
Figure 3. is a half section on C. D. (Figure 2). Figure 4. is a half section
on E. F. (Figure 2). Figure 5. is a half section on G. H. (Figure 2), and Figure 6.
is a half section on I. K. (Figure 2).
In carrying out my invention, 1 employ a combination 10. and 11. of two or
more radial flow turbines two being shown in the. drawings and preferably
arrange each system, or combination in pairs, in order to balance-the-longitudinal
thrust due to fluid pressure; although in some cases 1 may only use a single
system 10. or 11, taking up the end pressure by means of any known suitable
thrust block. The aforesaid turbines are arranged to permit the fluid to flow
radially, alternately towards and away from the centre or axis, or vice versa, as
shewn by the arrows Q, the arrows R. indicating the direction of revolution of the
wheels 12. and shaft 13. The vane wheels 12. are enclosed in a suitable case 14,
and are fixed upon a shaft 13, whose axis coincides with that of the case.
Describing in more detail a single system, the other if used being similar,
though arranged to have its longitudinal thrust in the opposite direction. The
working fluid passes towards the centre of the motor filling an annular chamber 15.
there, from which it passes from such central chamber through incline guide
ports 16. and impinges against the vanes 17. of the first wheel from whence it
passes into a second annular chamber 18; its pressure in such chamber being of
course less than when it was in the first, after which it again passes towards the
centre through a second series of inclined guide ports 19. impinging upon a second
series of vanes 20. and into a third annular chamber 21, where of course the
pressure is still lower. Again, in some cases, the fluid passes from the centre
through inclined guide ports 22. impinging upon a third series of vanes 23, and
into a fourth annular chamber 24. and so on, until the pressure has been sufficiently
reduced, that is to say until the greatest possible amount of work has been realized.
The ports, passages and chambers are proportioned to suit the expanding fluid, and
the vanes and guides inclined to suit the direction and velocity of flow of the
liquid or fluid.
25. are jam nuts which press the wheels against the collar 26, in this manner
causing them to rotate with the shaft, such wheels being a tight fit on the said
shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) In fluid pressure motors, the bereinbefore described combination of parts,
substantially as described and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 12th day of Sentember 1895
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41 Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.