IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE TRAM AND ROAD CARS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Turton, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster
Iron and Steel Manufacturer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCOMOTIVE TRAM AND ROAD CARS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Turton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th July 1880.
THOMAS TURTON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Iron and Steel
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE TRAM AND ROAD CARS."
The main object of my Invention is to so construct a locomotive car or vehicle
for use on tramways and roads at present existing or hereafter made that such
tramways or roads shall not be materially damaged by the passage of the said
cars or vehicles thereover, that propulsion shall be effected economically, that the
steering, turning round, and stopping shall be easily managed, and that such cars
or vehicles shall be suitable for running as well on road as rail.
Under the first part of my Invention I so arrange the wheels of a locomotive
tram car or vehicle that the driving wheel or wheels shall run on the road and the
remaining wheels on the metals.
In carrying the above first part of my Invention into practice, I mount the rear end
of the car or vehicle on a bogie carried by one or more pairs of wheels, and support
the front end of the said car or vehicle by means of a driving wheel or wheels at
or near the centre of the frame. The said driving wheel or wheels is or are so
fitted as to be capable of being turned round or swivelled on a vertical or nearly
vertical axis, and is or are actuated by any suitable motor, steam power being
used by preference. Suitable spring buffers are inserted between the driving
wheel bearings and the car or vehicle frame to prevent the jolting motion of the
driving wheel over a rough road from being transmitted to the said car or
vehicle.
Under the second part of my Invention I provide an easily managed, durable,
and economically working tram and road locomotive as follows:-I mount the
engine boiler and accessories on a frame supported at one end on wheels, or such
frame may form part of a car or vehicle, and I so mount a driving wheel, which
[Pain 11

page_text: also serves as a support to the said framework, that such driving wheel can be
swivelled or moved around when it is desired to change the direction of motion of
the locomotive. The cylinders, pistons, and other necessary parts are mounted
over and connected to the said driving wheel, and steam is conveyed to the said
cylinders froin the boiler through a jointed pipe or pipes.
Under the third part of my Invention I construct a tram or road locomotive
for hauling cars or vehicles on three wheels, one such wheel being a driving wheel,
and capable of being swivelled or turned, the other two wheels being trailing or
following wheels. The engine for giving motion to the said driving wheel is
constructed substantially as set forth under the above second part.
Under the fourth part of my Invention I provide brake power for locomotive
bogie carriages or vehicles, which shall act uniformly and efficiently on all the
wheels of the bogic. For that purpose I construct the bogie pin hollow, and fit or
provide such pin with a piston and the necessary adjuncts of a fluid pressure
cylinder. The brake gear, which consists of any ordinary or desired arrangement
of levers or cams and brake blocks, is attached to the end of the said piston rod.
The brakes are applied and removed by the fluid pressure acting on one or other
side of the above mentioned piston; or fluid pressure may give motion to the
piston in one direction and the resilience of a coiled, volute, or other suitable
spring may move the said piston in the opposite direction. Suitable valves are
employed to control the action of the fluid on the piston. When used in a steam
locomotive car or vehicle, steam from the boiler is used to actuate the brake gear.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Turton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th January
1881.
THOMAS TURTON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Iron and Steel
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE TRAM AND ROAD CARS."
The main object of my Invention is to so construct a locomotive car or vehicle
for use on tramways and roads at present existing or hereafter made, that such
tramways or roads shall not be materially damaged by the passage of the said
cars or vehicles thereover, that propulsion shall be effected economically, that
steering, turning round, and stopping shall be easily managed, and that such cars
or vehicles shall be suitable for running as well on road as rail.
Under the first part of my Invention I so arrange the wheels of a locomotive
tram car or vehicle that the driving wheel or wheels shall run on the road and the
remaining wheels on the metals.
In carrying the above first part of my Invention into practice I mount the rear
end.of.the car or vehicle on a bogie carried by one or more pairs of wheels, and
support the front end of the said car or vehicle by means of a driving wheel or

page_text: wheels at or near the centre of the frame. The said driving wheel or wheels is
or are so fitted as to be capable of being turned round or swivelled on a vertical or
nearly vertical axis, and is or are actuated by any suitable motor, steam power
being used by preference. Suitable spring buffers are inserted between the driving
wheel bearings and the car or vehicle frame to prevent the jolting motion of the
driving wheel over a rough road from being transmitted to the said car or
vehicle.
Under the sscond part of my Invention I provide an easily managed, durable,
and economically working tram and road locomotive as follows:-I mount the
engine, boiler, and accessories on a frame supported at one end on wheels, or such
frame may form part of a car or vehicle, and I so mount a driving wheel, which
also serves as a support to the said framework, that such driving wheel can be
swivelled or moved around when it is desired to change the direction of motion of
the locomotive: The cylinders, pistons, and other necessary parts are mounted
over and connected to the said driving wheel, and steam is conveyed to the said
cylinders from the boiler through a jointed pipe or pipes.
Under the third part of my Invention I construct a tram or road locomotive
for hauling cars or vehicles on three wheels, one such wheel being a driving wheel,
and capable of being swivelled or turned, the other two wheels being trailing or
following wheels. The engine for giving motion to the said driving wheel is
constructed substantially as set forth under the above second part.
Under the fourth part of my Invention I provide brake power for locomotive
bogie carriages or vehicles, which shall act uniformly and efficiently on all the
wheels of the bogie. For that purpose I construct the bogie pin hollow, and fit or
provide such pin with a piston and the necessary adjuncts of a fluid pressure
cylinder. The brake gear, which consists of any ordinary or desired arrangement
of levers or cains and brake blocks, is attached to the end of the said piston rod.
The brakes are applied and removed by the fluid pressure acting on one or other
side of the above mentioned piston; or fluid pressure may give motion to the
piston in one direction, and the resilience of a coiled, volute, or other suitable
spring may move the said piston in the opposite direction. Suitable valves are
employed to control the action of the fluid on the piston. When used on a
steam locomotive car or vehicle, steam from the boiler is used to actuate the brake
gear.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan view, and Fig. 3 a detail view of a
locomotive tram and road car illustrative of the first, second, and fourth parts of
my Invention.
First and Second Parts.-a is the tram car or vehicle mounted on the bogie b
carried by the two pair of wheels c. The front end of the said car or vehicle
frame a is connected to the boiler frame e by joints f; g, engine frame carried by
the driving wheel d at or near the centre thereof. The said wheel d is free to
revolve on a vertical axis by means of the rotation of the frame g beneath the
frane e; h is a hand wheel and gearing for moving when desired to the frame g;
i, steam generator carried by the frame e; j, cylinders oscillating on trunnions k
carried by a standard from the frame g; m, piston rods; n, crank pins attached
to the wheel d; o, slide valves controlling the admission and emission of steam to
and from the cylinders j; p, links attached to the standard 1; q, valve rods fitted
with blocks r free to slide in the links p; t, levers for controlling the position of
the links p free to oscillate on the centre u. According as the links p are canted
in one or other direction the driving wheel & will be caused to revolve forwards or
backwards. v, steam chest; w, stop valve; x, pipe leading from the steam
generator i to the steam chest v; y, stuffing box. The steam chest is free to
turn around the plug z attached to the pipe x; a*, exhaust port; bx, spring buffer
inserted between the boiler frame e and the car frame a, so as to prevent any

page_text: The
jolting motion being communicated from the driving wheel to the said car.
exhaust steam is led to a condenser of any suitable kind placed on the top of the
car, as at cx, or in any convenient position; or the said exhaust steam is led into
a superheater in the furnace of the generator, or disposed of in any convenient
manner. The steam generator is of any desired construction, and the connections
to the engines and the valve gear are of any approved kind. Compressed air, gas,
or other suitable motors may be used instead of a steam engine.
The car frame a and boiler frame e may be made in one piece, or they may be
jointed together in various ways, and spiral or other springs may be interposed
between, or may be used to connect the frames.
Fourth part 1 is the bogie pin made hollow and so as to serve as a cylinder,
and fitted with a piston 2. The said cylinder 1 is connected by a pipe 3 with the
steam generator i; 4, three way cock for controlling the passage of steam to the
cylinder 1. The said cock 4 is operated by a lever 5 or a hand wheel, or other
suitable appliance. 6, brake gear connected to the piston 2; 7, spiral spring for
raising the piston 2 and releasing the brakes.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a tramway locomotive, and is illustrative of the
second, third, and fourth parts of my Invention. The same letters denote parts
like those already described and illustrated in connection with Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
Here the frame e is carried by the driving wheel d on frame g, and by the following
wheels 8. 9 is an ordinary omnibus with the front wheels removed, and resting
on the perch pin 10. The boiler, engines, and general construction and arrange-
ment of the parts are similar to those described in reference to Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
The brake gear 6 is operated by a piston in a cylinder 1 secured to the under
frame of the omnibus, and steam or other fluid under pressure is conveyed to the
said cylinder through a flexible or jointed pipe or tube 11.
Instead of a single driving wheel, two wheels close together may be employed.
Having now described and illustrated the nature of iny said Invention, in such
manner that others will be enabled to carry the said improvements into effect, I
claim,―
Under the first part (a), locomotive tram and road cars having a leading driving
wheel or driving wheels disposed and operating substantially as set forth; (b),
locomotive tram cars having a single or double leading driving wheel running on
the road, and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Under the second part, tramway locomotives or locomotive tram cars having
engines and boilers constructed, combined, and arranged to operate substantially in
the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Under the third part, tramway or road locomotives constructed and operating
substantially as set forth.
Under the fourth part, constructing, arranging, and operating brakes on train
cars and tram locomotives, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Turton, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
THOMAS TIIDTON