Improvements in Apparatus for Ensuring the Proper Working of Steam Generators or other Receptacles containing Fluids under Pressure.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 20th May, 1898-Accepted, 8th Oct., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Ensuring the Proper Working of
Steam Generators or other Receptacles containing Fluids under
Pressure.
I, ERNEST LIZE, of 48, Rue Turbigo, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus by which the proper working of steam
generators or other receptacles containing Huid under pressure is ensured, the effect
of the said apparatus being to prevent the pressure from exceeding a given
pre-determined limit, which can be regulated at will.
The essential feature of the invention is to so connect the pressure gauge with
a system of levers and valves that, when the pressure gauge indicater arrives at
a pre-determined degree upon the graduated scale, the effect produced upon the
pressure gauge by such pressure, throws an engaging and disengaging mechanism
into action which operates mechanism to cause a large discharge or safety valve
to open and the excess of fluid (which I will refer to as steam) in the boiler (or
equivalent vessel) to be freely discharged therefrom. After the dangerous limit has
thus been avoided and after the pressure in the interior of the boiler or vessel has
returned below this limit, owing to the discharge, the discharge is stopped at the
proper time by closing the discharge or safety valve, by hand, and by returning
the mechanism to its proper position relatively to the pressure gauge, when the
safety apparatus is ready for another operation.
In order that my invention may be well understood, I will describe an arrange-
ment according thereto with reference to the accompanying drawings, premising
that I do not limit myself to the precise details shewn.
Figure represents the apparatus in elevation, in position ready for operation.
Figure 2 is a like view, shewing the arrangement of the different parts in the
position which they occupy, on discharge taking place.
Figure 3 shews the arrangement of the valves relatively to each other, in the
closed position.
Figure 4 shews the same with the valves in the open position.
Figure 5 is a plan of the apparatus.
Figures 6 and 7 are views at right angles to each other of the knee piece for
stopping the lever of the valves, and Figure 8 is a view like Figure 7 with the
parts in another position.
Figure 9 represents the pressure gauge with the dial removed.
Figure 10 is an end view of the cam and of the hook which operate the
mechanism as hereinafter described.
"
The pressure gauge is composed of a
which, through the intermediary of the
Upon this axis is fixed a hand which
Bourdon tube 1, the free extremity 2, of
levers 3 and 4, causes the axis 5 to turn.
moves over a dial graduated to indicate

page_text: atmospheres, say for example, in centimetre squares, so that at any moment the
pressure in the boiler or vessel to which the pressure gauge is connected by the
tube 6, can be read from the dial.
A pin 7 is fixed to the lever 3; the said pin being of a sufficient length to come
into contact with the inclined plane 8 of the curved and inclined piece 9 which
is fixed upon a socket or sleeve 10 which can slide upon the rod 11, but which in
its rotary movements carries the said rod with it, owing to the screw 12 entering
a groove and forming a tongue and groove connection. The socket 10 receives
longitudinal movement from the rack-bar 13 and pinion 14, which is caused to
turn by means of a hand fixed upon the axis 15 of the said pinion. The point
of this hand moves over a graduated scale, indicating atmospheres in kilograms.
The cross-piece 17, is firmly connected to the rod 11, and serves by its rotary
movement to retain and release the first of the valve actuating levers.
spring 16 serves to automatically return this hook to its normal position. The
degree of inclination of the inclined plane 8 of the piece 9 is such, that the pin 7
causes the said piece 9 to so turn that the cross-piece 17 releases the lever, when
a pressure is produced in the boiler or vessel which corresponds to that indicated
upon the dial fitted with the hand 16 (Figures 1 and 2).
A
The support 18 carries a lever 22, which turns upon the axis 19 and is provided
with an opening 24 such that the cross-piece 17 can pass across, only in the
position which corresponds to the release of the levers.
The lever 22 is provided with a projection 25 with a knife-edge on its upper
side
The lever 26 turns upon the axis 20 and is hooked on to the projection 25
by a notch 27. The said lever 26 carries a projection 28, to which the lever 29
is hooked by a notch 30. This lever 29 turns upon the axis 21, and, in so doing,
carries along with it the pinion 32, which is mounted on the axis 21, by means of
the internal gearing 33. Upon this axis 21 a toothed sector 34 is kevel, the
teeth of which engage with those of a pinion 35, connected to one member of a
coupling clutch 36. The other member 8 of this clutch is connected to the
shaft 37 by means of a long collar. A finger 39 by entering the groove 40, prevents
the teeth of the clutch from engagement; when the finger is lifted; then the
engaging movement can take place. On turning a hand wheel 41. the shaft 37
and the clutch 38 can be rotated. Upon the axis 21 a knee-piece is keyed, formed
of two parts 42 and 43. connected by the pin 44. The part 43 carries two pro-
jections 45, which slide in the grooves 46 of the frames 47. Against the end
of the part 43 the lever 48 bears through the medium of a leaf spring 49. This
lever turns upon the axis 50 and is provided with a set screw 52 which bears
against the rod 51 which actuates the valves.
When the lever 22 is no longer supported by the cross piece 17 of the pressure
gauge, the various levers occupy the position, shewn in Figure 2, the knee
piece 42, 43, bends and the rod 51 rises under the pressure of the steam and thus
admits the discharge to take place.
In the valve casing, two valves of different diameters are arranged, a small
one 53 and a large one 54: the valve casing, also. contains a piston 55, connected
to the valve 54 by a joint 57. These two valves receive the pressure of the steam
in reverse directions, the small one from below and the large one from above.
The diameter of the piston 55 is greater than that of the large valve 54 and moves
in a cylinder provided with openings at the lower part. The rod 51 is connected
to the piston 55 by the lever 56.
When, owing to the release of the levers, the rod 51 has been freed and rises
under the action of the steam exerting pressure upon the valve 53--and owing to
the play at the joint 58-the steam enters the chamber 59 and as the diameter of
the piston 55 is greater than that of the valve 54, the steam causes these two parts
to descend, and the steam escapes into the atmosphere through the tubular
mouth 60 following the direction, indicated by the arrows.
The steam escapes
both through the valve 53 and the openings in the cylinder of the piston 55, and

page_text: through the valve 54. This discharge is stopped, at will, by closing the valves 53
and 54 by means of the rod 51 and of the hand wheel 41.
The operation of the mechanism is as follows:
The hand 16 is placed opposite the figure on the small dial of pressure gauge
corresponding to the pressure at which the apparatus is to work. By this move-
ment the socket or sleeve 10 and the piece 9 are brought into such a position that,
when the steam under pressure acts on the pressure gauge 1 it causes the finger
to act upon the piece 9 which, as it rotates, carries along with it the rod 11 and
the cross piece 17 which, thus being brought into the position represented in
Figure 10, frees the lever 22 and the levers 26 and 29 are thereby released. Under
the pressure of the rod 51, which tends to rise, the knee piece 42-43 becomes
bent, and the lever 48 can then turn about its axis, whereby the rod 51 can rise.
As the valve 53 is no longer applied to its seat, it admits of the steam from the
boiler entering the chamber 59 and acting upon the piston 55, which, in descend-
ing, opens the discharge or safety valve 54 and the steam is then enabled to
escape through this valve 54 and through the openings in the cylinder of the
piston 55. When the pressure has again become normal, the attendant engages
the clutch coupling 36-38 by acting, by hand, upon the crank 41, and returns
the valves to their original position by lifting the levers and by thus causing the
cross piece 17 to engage with the opening 24 of the lever 22.
The apparatus is then ready for operation, as soon as the pressure, indicated
on the dial of the pressure gauge, has been reached.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1897.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents
Improvements in Apparatus for Ensuring the Proper Working of
Steam Generators or other Receptacles containing Fluids under
Pressure.
I, ERNEST LIZE, of 48. Rue Turbigo, Paris, in the Republic of France,
to hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
-
This invention relates to apparatus by which the proper working of steam
generators or other receptacles containing fluid under pressure is ensured, the effect
of the said apparatus being to prevent the pressure from exceeding a given
pre-determined limit, which can be regulated at will.
The essential feature of the invention is to so connect the pressure gauge with
a system of levers and valves that, when the pressure guage indicator arrives at
a pre-determined degree upon the graduated scale, the effect produced upon the
pressure gauge by such pressure, throws an engaging and disengaging mechanism
into action which operates mechanism to cause a large discharge, or safety valve
to open
and the excess of fluid (which I will refer to as steam) in the boiler (or
equivalent vessel) to be freely discharged therefrom. After the dangerous limit has
thus been avoided and after the pressure in the interior of the boiler or vessel has
returned below this limit, owing to the discharge, the discharge is stopped at the
proper time, by closing the discharge or safety valve, by hand, and by returning
the mechanism to its proper position relatively to the pressure gauge when the
safety apparatus is ready for another operation.

page_text: In order that my invention may be well understood, I will describe an arrange-
ment according thereto with reference to the accompanying drawings premising
that I do not limit myself to the precise details shown.
Figure 1 represents the apparatus in elevation in position ready for operation.
Figure 2 is a like view shewing the arrangement of the different parts in the
position which they occupy on discharge taking place.
Figure 3 shews in section at right angles to Figure 1 the arrangement of the
valves relatively to each other, in the closed position.
Figure 4 shews the same, with the valves in the open position.
Figure is a plan of the apparatus.
Figures 6 and 7 are views at right angles to each other of the knee piece for
stopping the lever of the valves and Figure is a view like Figure 7 with the
parts in another position.
Figure 9 represents the pressure gauge with the dial removed.
Figure 10 is an end view of the cam and the hook which operate the mechanism
as hereinafter described.
The pressure gauge is composed of a "Bourdon" tube 1. Fig. 9 the free ex-
tremity 2 of which, through the intermediary of the levers 3 and 4, causes the
axis 5 to turn. Upon this axis is fixed a hand or pointer 17 Figures 1
and 2 which moves over a dial graduated to indicate atmospheres say for example
in centimetre squares, so that at any moment the pressure in the boiler or vessel,
to which the pressure gauge is connected by the tube 6, can be read from the
dial.
A pin 7 is fixed to the lever 3: the said pin being of a sufficient length to come
into contact with the inclined plane 8 of the curved and inclined piece 9 fixed
upon a socket or sleeve 10 which can slide upon the rod 11, but which (sleeve 10)
in its rotary movements carries the said rod with it, owing to the screw 12 enter-
ing a groove and forming a tongue and groove connection. The socket 10 receives
longitudinal movement from the rack-bar 13 and pinion 14 which is caused to
turn by means of a hand or pointer 16 fixed upon the axis 15 of the said pinion
The point of this hand 16 moves over a graduated scale indicating atmospheres
in kilograms.
The crosspiece 17%, is firmly connected to the rod 11 and serves by its rotary
movement to retain and release the first of the valve-actuating levers, a spring 16*
serving to automatically return this crosspiece to its normal position. The
degree of inclination of the inclined plane 8 of the piece 9 is such that the pin 7
causes the said piece 9 to so turn that the crosspiece 17* releases the lever 22
when a pressure is produced in the boiler or vessel which corresponds to that
indicated upon the dial fitted with the hand 16 (Figures 1 and 2).
The support 18 carries the lever 22 which turns upon the axis 19 and is
provided with an opening 24 Fig. 5 such that the cross-piece 17 can pass through
only when in the position which corresponds to the release of the levers.
The lever 22 is provided with a projection 25 with a knife edge on its upper side.
The lever 26 turns upon the axis 20 and is hooked onto the projection 25 by a
notch 27. The said lever 26 carries a projection 28 to which the lever 29 is
hooked by a notch 30. This lever 29 turns upon the axis 21 and in so doing.
carries along with it the pinion 32 which is mounted on the axis 21 by means of
the internal gearing 33. Upon this axis 21 a toothed sector 34 is keyed, the teeth
of which engage with those of a pinion 35 connected to one member of a coupling
clutch 36. The other member 38 of this clutch is connected to the shaft 37 by
means of a long collar. A finger 39 by entering the groove 40 prevents the teeth
of the clutch from engagement, but when the finger is lifted the engaging move-
ment can take place. On turning a hand wheel 41, the shaft 37 and the clutch 38
can be rotated. Upon the axis 21 a knee piece is keyed, formed of two parts 42
and 43, connected by the pin. 44. The part 43 carries two projections 45 which
slide in the grooves 46 of the frames 47. Against the end of the part 43 the
lever 48 bears through the medium of a leaf spring 49. This lever turns upon

page_text: the axis 50 and is provided with a set screw 52 constituting an abutment which
bears against the rod 51 which actuates the valves.
When the lever 22 is not supported by the crosspiece 17 of the pressure gauge,
the various levers occupy the position shewn in Figure 2, the knee piece 42, 43
bends and the rod 51 rises under the pressure of the steam, and thus allows the
discharge to take place.
In the valve casing, two valves of different diameters are arranged, a small
one 53 and a large one 54: the valve casing, also contains a piston 55, connected
to the valve 54 by a joint 57. These two valves receive the direct pressure
of the steam which pressure tends to open the small valve and close the large
valve. The diameter of the piston 55 is greater than that of the large valve 54
and moves in a cylinder provided with openings at the lower part. The rod 51
is connected to the piston 55 by the lever 56.
When, owing to the release of the levers, the rod 51 has been freed and rises
under the action of the steam exerting pressure upon the valve 53 and owing to
the play at the joint 58-the steam enters the chamber 59 and as the diameter
of the piston 55 is greater than that of the valve 54, the steam causes these two
parts to descend and the steam to escape into the atmosphere through the tubular
mouth 60 following the direction indicated by the arrows. The steam escapes
both through the valve 53 and the openings in the cylinder of the piston 55 and
through the valve 54. This discharge is stopped, at will, by closing the valves 53
and 54 by means of the rod 51 and the hand wheel 41. The operation of the
mechanism is as follows:-
The hand or pointer 16 is placed opposite the figure on the small dial of the
pressure gauge corresponding to the pressure at which the apparatus is to work.
By this movement the socket or sleeve 10 and the piece 9 are brought into such a
position that, when the steam under pressure acts on the pressure gauge 1, it causes
the pin 7 to act upon the piece 9, which, as it rotates, carries along with it the rod 11,
and the cross piece 17, which, thus being brought into the position represented in
Figure 10, frees the lever 22 and the levers 26 and 29 are thereby released. Under
the pressure acting on the valve 53 the the rod 51 tends to rise, the knee
piece 42-43 becomes lent, and the lever 48 can then turn about its axis, whereby
the rod 51 can rise. As the valve 53 is no longer applied to its seat, it admits of
the steam from the boiler entering the chamber 59 and acting upon the piston 55,
which, in descending, opens the discharge or safety valve 54 and the steam is
then enabled to escape through this valve 54 and through the openings in the
cylinder of the piston 55 into the discharge passage 60. When the pressure has
again become normal, the attendant engages the clutch coupling 36-38 and by
means of the hand wheel 41, returns the valves to their original position by
Lifting the levers, 18, 22. 26 and 29, thus causing the cross piece 17 to engage
with the lever 22 by crossing the opening 24 of the said lever. The apparatus is
then ready for operation, as soon as the pressure, indicated on the dial of the
pressure gauge, has been reached.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
1. The improved apparatus for ensuring the proper working of steam generators
or other receptacles containing fluid under pressure in which a pressure gauge
under the action of the internal pressure of the steam or other fluid operates
an engaging and disengaging system of levers which enables the steam or other
Huid under pressure to open a discharge or safety valve, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. In apparatus for ensuring the proper working of steam generators or other
receptacles containing fluid under pressure by the direct action of the pressure
gauge upon an engaging and disengaging system of levers enabling the steam
or other Huid to open a discharge or safety valve, the use of an adjusting device

page_text: having an inclined plane of variable height for the purpose of releasing a lever
mechanism at different pressures determined by the position of a hand or pointer
upou a dial, substantially as herein before described.
3. In apparatus for ensuring the proper working of steam generators or other
receptacles containing fluid under pressure by the dirt action of the pressure
gauge upon an engaging and disengaging system of levers enabling the steam
or other fluid to open a discharge or safety valve, the combination of a releasing
device having a curved and inclined piece; a set of pivotally connected levers,
releasing an abutment which prevented the operation of the discharge valve,
substantially as described.
4. The combination of a releasing device with an inclined plane carried by the
pressure gauge pivotally connected levers disengaging or releasing the abutment
of the valve which controls the discharge, and the discharge or safety valve
proper, these two valves being connected by an oscillating lever, substantially as
herein before described.
5. The combination of the releasing device with an inclined plane carried by
the pressure gauge pivotally connected levers for disengaging or releasing the
abutment of the valve which controls the discharge, and a discharge or safety
valve proper, formed of two separate valves connected by a knee piece or joint
enabling one of the valves to allow steam from the boiler to pass direct to the dis-
charge passage while the other valve also allows the steam to How into the
same discharge passage after having served for maintaining in a lifted position the
valve which controls the discharging operation, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting apparatus for ensur-
ing the proper working of steam generators or other receptacles containing fluid
under pressure, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings
1000
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.. Agents