Improvements in Power Hammers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1896
Complete Seccification Loft Ath Enh 1907 Seconted
6th Mar 1807
Improvements in Power Hammers.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BOTTING of Laurel Street, Fitchburg, Worcester County,
Massachusetts, U.S.A., Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:
In the power hammer of this invention the hammer head is reciprocated from an
adjustable crank pin through a connecting. rod and spring arms the lower ends of
which are carried in slots in the hammer head or in bars rigidly attached thereto so
that the spring arms may travel in the slots. The hammer is driven by a belt the
pulley of which may be engaged and disengaged on the driving shaft by means of a
spring clutch operated by the foot through a rod and the operation of the hammer is
regulated from a treadle through the same rod as operates the spring clutch, and an
intermediate rod, and a tightening or slackening pulley which according as the
treadle is pressed down or released is pressed against or withdrawn from the driving
belt.
To arrest the hammer a friction disc is mounted on the driving shaft close to the
crank disc in position to be forced against said disc by a spring. This friction disc
or brake is held from rotating by a stop on the hammer frame or standard and is
moved out of engagement by a bell crank lever the long arm of which extends back
beneath, or into operating engagement with the spring clutch operating disc, and
when this latter is moved to start the hammer the brake is at the same moment
released from the crank disc so as to set this free.
Dated this fith day of May 1896
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
improvements in Power Hammers.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BOTTING of Laurel Street, Fitchburg, Worcester County,
Massachusetts, U.S.A., Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to manually controlled mechanically operated hammers and
it has for object to provide a hammer in which the rapidity and number of blows
may be perfectly controlled and which will give an exceedingly sharp quick impact
or blow of greater power than can be obtained by a single drop of the hammer head.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a hammer embodying this invention, Fig. 2 a side
elevation thereof,
Figs. 3, 34, 38, details of the clutch lifter and belt tightener.

page_text: Figs. 4, 4, 4B, details of the crank disc for throwing the hammer.
Figs. 5, 5^, details of the preferred form of hammer head.
A is the base provided with a forwardly projecting anvil or anvil supporting
portion A' and an upwardly and forwardly projecting portion A2 for guiding the
hammer. The hammer or hammer head B is mounted in suitable vertical guides (
in the portion A2 of the base, and is adaptel to have a face block b or other tool or
former, such as a punch or die, secured to its lower end in position to operate against
a co-operating member, such as secured on the anvil.
At the top of the base frame is a horizontal bearing D in which a driving shaft E
is journalled. A disc F is mounted on the forward end of this shaft, and a crank
pin F adjustably mounted in a dovetail groove fin the face of the disc, serves as the
medium for imparting the reciprocatory movement to the hammer.
To give the desired power and sharpness to the stroke and at the same time permit
of a slight veriable forward movement of the hammer, a pair of spring arms H with
their free ends working in oppositely inclined ways I are interposed in the connection
between the crank pin and hammer. In the preferred construction the inclined
ways I are on the bammer head. In Fig. 1 they are shewn as straight and formed
in the upper ends of rigid crossed bars i bolted to the hammer head at the lower end,
and in Figs. 5, 54, they are shewn as though formed in a single piece of metal
dovetailed and keyed in the top of the hammer head. In these latter figures it will
be noted that the ways, instead of being straight and of a uniform inclination, are
inclined for a short distance at the top, then run vertically for a short distance, and
finally have their lower ends inclined again.
From the crank pin a short connecting rod K extends downward and supports the
adjustable connecting block, to which the spring arms H have their bases rigidly
secured. Grooved antifriction rollers are journalled in the lower ends of the spring
arms and work in the ways I on the hammer head, the spring arms thus constituting
the support for the hammer head.
The driving shaft is provided with a clutch member M at the rear end, and a
cc-operating member M forming part of a driving pulley M2 is journalled loosely
on the shaft in position to throw the clutch sections into engagement when moved
against the tension of the spring m and in order to secure such movement of the
pulley and clutch segment. M' a disc N is mounted on the shaft between the pulley
and frame, and a cam, rib, or projection N' on this disc normally lying in a
corresponding recess in the frame, will ride out of its recess as the disc is turned and
force the disc and pulley outward, throwing the clutch sections together, as before
stated. An operating arm is secured to the disc and connected through a rod O
to a foot treadle 0 extending around the machine in convenient position for the
operator's foot.
The machine, it will thus be seen, may be thrown into operation by simply pressing
the foot treadle down; but it is desirable that means should be provided, first, for
regulating the rapidity of the blows of the hammer, and, secondly, to arrest the
hammer quickly and hold it in elevated position when the power is disconnected.
To secure the first of these results, the driving pulley has a relatively loose belt for
its driving power, and a belt tightener P is adjustably mounted on an arm P¹,
secured to the clutch operating disc in position to engage the belt and tighten the
samo sufficiently to operate the hammer with varying degrees of rapidity, according
to the degree of movement of the tightener. It will be noted that when the clutch
segments are in engagement and the can on the disc out of its recess a further
movement of the disc does not affect the clutch, but does tighten or loosen the belt
to a greater or less extent, enabling the operator to adjust the blows to a nicety.
To arrest the hammer a friction disc R is mounted on the shaft next to the crank
disc in position to be forced against said disc by a spring ". This friction disc or
"brake," is held against rotation by a stop S on the frame, and it is moved out of
engagement by a bell crank lever T the long arm of which extends back beneath or
into engagement with the operating arm of the cam disc, as shewn in Fig. 2, whereby

page_text: as the said cam or clutch operating disc is moved to start the machine the brake will
be moved out of operation.
To increase or diminish the throw of the hammer, the crank pin is adjustably
mounted in its disc (Figs. 4, 4A, 4B) by means of the set screw U which may be
turned to move the pin nearer to, or farther from, the centre of the disc.
In operation the reciprocations of the spring arms are imparted to the hammer,
and if rapid and heavy blows are desired, the rapid reciprocation will give blows
equal to those delivered by the hammer head falling at that speed, plus the power
exerted by the spring arms in tending to separate as they move along the inclined
ways.
The springs, it will be understood, may be given an outward set to increase their
power; or heavy springs may be employed. They should, however, be proportioned
to the weight of the hammer head and the character of the work, so as to secure a
quick effective blow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is:
1. In power hammer, the combination with the reciprocatory hammer head,
power shaft and spring arms interposed between the power shaft and hammer head,
of the driving pulley journalled loosely on the power shaft, the clutch connecting the
pulley and shaft, the clutch shifter for throwing the clutch into engagement, the
loose belt for the pulley and the belt tightener moved by the clutch shifter, whereby
the clutch may be thrown into engagement and the belt tightened by a continued
operation, substantially as described and shewn.
2. In a power hammer, the combination with the reciprocating hammer head,
having the ways formed in a single piece of metal secured thereon, said ways being
inclined for a short distance at the top, then running vertically and then having their
lower ends inclined again, as shewn, the power shaft, the crank on the power shaft,
the pair of spring arms reciprocated by the crank and working in the ways, said
arms forming the support for the hammer head, substantially as described and
shewn.
3. In a power hammer, the combination with the reciprocatory hammer head,
power shaft, driving pulley loose on the shaft and a clutch interposed between the
pulley and shaft, of a friction brake for arresting the shaft and hammer head, a clutch
shifter, a belt tightener for controlling the driving belt for the pulley and a common
operating lever for said brake, clutch shifter and belt tightener, substantially as
described and shewn.
4. In a power hammer, the combination with the reciprocating hammer head,
power shaft and spring arms interposed between the power shaft and hammer head,
of the driving pulley journalled loosely on the power shaft, the clutch for connecting
the pulley and shaft, the disc having the cam or projection, mounted on the shaft,
between the pulley and frame of the machine, whereby when said disc is turned the
cam or projection will force the disc and pulley outward and throw the clutch into
engagement, substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 4th dove af Wahunan 1807
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.