IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SAME AND OTHER AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS BY STEAM
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Collinson Hall, of Navestock, in the County of
Essex, Agriculturalist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS,
AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SAME AND OTHER
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS BY STEAM."
Sealed the 25th November 1864, and dated the 30th May 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Collinson Hall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
May 1864.
I, COLLINSON HALL, of Navestock, in the County of Essex, Agriculturalist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHS, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SAME AND OTHER
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS BY STEAM," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in constructing ploughs for steam ploughing
with a frame containing several ploughs, with one or more wheels for regulating
the depth of the work and for guiding the implement. I connect sectors,
cranks, or levers to the return' chain or rope, which upon being hauled on
when the implement has reached the land's end, acts upon the levers or
elevators, and raises the ploughs out of the ground. I use two of these*
implements in connection with one engine and anchor, or with two engines,
and thus, while one implement is proceeding forward in work, the other is
being drawn back' out of work.

page_text: My Invention consists, secondly, in bringing the power of two or more
engines to bear and drive one sectional winding or propelling drum by
connecting pulleys to an axis or shaft carrying angle, toothed, or friction
wheels, which act upon a mitre or other like bevelled toothed wheel upon the
axis of the drum,
My Invention consists, thirdly, in forming a travelling railroad, and
supporting the same for the engines employed in agriculture, or for propelling
drums to travel upon. Also in causing the engines to advance while ploughing
or other tilling is being performed, and that without stopping the tillage for
the purpose of advancing the engines. My railroad is formed of two rails of
angle iron, and I prevent the road from yielding laterally by means of iron
struts. I monnt the propelling and other drums upon wheels, which run on
the railroad, When the engines carrying propelling drums are placed on
the rails, I cause a worm or screw worked by worm wheels on the drums to
advance, and thus while the drums are being driven, the engines are also
advanced to take the implements into fresh ground on reaching the land's
ends.
My Invention also consists in constructing rope or chain porters, which
instead of being stationary or fixed, as heretofore, travel with the chain or
rope. These porters are uprights carrying wheels, and are capable of being
separated from the chain at intervals by coming in contact with lifts or
triggers, which open the connection between them and the rope.
And lastly, my Invention consists in the employment of two sectional drums
of different diameters, or with a different number of sections on the same
shaft, for the purpose of regulating the tension of the rope by shifting it
according to requirement from one drum to the other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Collinson Hall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
80th November 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, COLLINSON
HALL, of Navestock, in the County of Essex, Agriculturalist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs. and successors, give and grant unto me, s
the said Collinson Hall, Her special licence that I, the said Collinson

page_text: Hall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Collinson Hall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS; AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING
THE SAME AND OTHER AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS BY STEAM," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Collinson Hall, my executors or adminis
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Collinson Hall, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists, first, in constructing ploughs for steam ploughing,
with a frame containing several ploughs with one or more wheels for regulating
the depth of the work, and for guiding the implement. I connect sectors,
cranks, or levers to the return chain or rope, which upon being hauled on
when the implement has reached the land's end, act upon the levers or
elevators, and raises the ploughs out of the ground.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a plan, and Figure 2 a side
elevation of a steam plough constructed according to this part of my
Invention.
A, A, A, A, A, are beams forming the frame of the implement, and
carrying five ploughs B; C, C, are the front guiding wheels of the implement,
the wheel C which runs in the furrow being of larger diameter than the
wheel C¹; D is a wheel for guiding the implement while being drawn back
out of work; E, E, are two sectors connected to the ends of levers F, F;
G, G, are uprights, up and down which the frame of the implement is free to
slide; H, H, are chains connected to the levers F, F, and to each other by
a ring I, from which a similar chain J within reach of the attendant depends;
L, L, are other chains attached to the sectors E, E, carried round pulleys
M, M, over other pulleys N, N, on the uprights G, G, and terminating in
blocks O, O, in the frame of the implement. When the implement reaches

page_text: the land's end, the attendant pulls down the chain J, whereby the levers F,F,
are lowered, and the sectors E, E, raised by turning on their pivots P, P.
The raising of the sectors draws upon the chains L, L, attached to the blocks
0, 0, whereby the frame of the implement is raised on the uprights G, G,
and the ploughs B lifted clear of the ground. When the implement is
required to again proceed forward in work, the attendant releases the chain J
to lower the frame into position; Q, Q, are rings free to slide on the uprights
G, G; these rings are furnished with tightening screws a, a, and by fixing
them at any required position on the uprights the depth the ploughs enter
the ground may be regulated. I use two of these implements in connection
with one engine and anchor, or with two engines, and thus, while one
implement is proceeding forward in work, the other is being drawn back out
of work.
My Invention consists, secondly, in bringing the power of two or more
engines to bear on and drive one sectional winding or propelling drum by
connecting pulleys to an axis or shaft carrying angle, toothed, or friction
wheels, which act upon a mitre or other like bevelled toothed wheel upon the
axis of the drum. Figure 3 is a plan, and Figure 4 a side elevation of an
apparatus constructed according to this part of my Invention.
A, A, are pulleys or wheels round which bands, chains, or straps from the
engines are passed; these pulleys are mounted on an axis B, carrying bevil
wheels C, C, which act upon a mitre wheel D, upon the axis of the propelling
drum E; only one of the wheels C is in gear with the wheel D at the same
time; F, F, are levers for working clutch apparatus G, G; the levers are
connected to each other by a cross bar H, and by moving either of the levers
the other bevil pinion C is thrown into gear, and the motion of the wheel D
and drum E is reversed.
When I employ for driving the ploughs or other implements chains formed
of bars and links according to an Invention previously patented by me, I
mount on the same frame as the apparatus just described two sectional drums
I, I, whereby the chain may be carried from the apparatus at any angle
according to the position of the plough or other implement. The apparatus
is mounted on wheels J, J, for convenience of transit.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in forming a portable or travelling railroad,
and supporting the same for the engines employed in agriculture, or for
propelling drums to travel upon.
My railroad is formed of two rails of angle iron, as represented at A, A,
Figure 5, and I prevent the road from yielding laterally by means of iron
struts B, B, driven into the ground. at the side of the rails next the work.

page_text: I mount the propelling and other drums upon wheels which run on the
railroad.
My Invention also consists in constructing rope or chain porters, which,
instead of being stationary or fixed as heretofore, travel with the chain or
rope.
Figure 6 is a side elevation, and Figure 7 a front elevation, shewing one of
my travelling rope or chain porters. A, A, and B, B, are two pairs of wheels,
the axles of which are connected by a bar or beam C jointed near its middle
for the purpose hereafter mentioned, which bar supports at an equal distance
from the two axles an apparatus for holding or supporting the chain or rope
arranged as follows:-a, a, are two jaws or nippers, between which the rope
or chain is held; these jaws are jointed to each other near their middle, and
their upper halves or arms receive the point of a wedge b, carried by a vertical
bar c; into the upper part of this bar I fit one arm d, of what I term a trigger
or three-armed lever; the centre of this lever is pivoted to lugs e on a plate f.
The other two arms d', d, of this lever have each connected to them a rod g.
In the position shewn in the Drawing, the jaws a, a, are closed upon the
chain or rope; when the porter arrives at land's end, one of the rods g comes
against the engine or the anchor (as the case may be), whereby the trigger.
is caused to turn on its pivot, the arm d thereof is pressed down, carrying
with it the bar c and wedge b, which latter opens the jaws a, a, and releases
the rope. When required to close the jaws, the attendant pulls back the
arm d of the trigger to raise the bar c, which carries on its under side
two projections or pins which bear against the outer sides of the upper
halves of the jaws and close them. If necessary to release the rope from
the porter at any point between the land's ends, the attendant has only
to pull the arm d² of the trigger in the reverse direction. The object of
forming the bar or beam C with a joint, is to allow of the axles of the two
pairs of wheels being fixed at a slight incline to each other, but still in the
same horizontal plane, whereby the porter has a tendency to travel out of
the direct line of draught. The two parts of the bar C are secured at any
desired angle to each other by a nut and bolt; h, h, are guides depending
from the bar C, to guide the rope or chain between the jaws a, a.
I do not confine myself to the particular arrangement of travelling rope
porter herein-before described, as travelling porters may be constructed in
many ways, and mounted on any desired number of wheels, but the arrange-
ment shewn in the Drawings is what I prefer.
'
And lastly, my Invention consists in the employment of two sectional drums
of different diameters, or with a different number of sections on the samo

page_text: shaft for the purpose of regulating the tension of the rope by shifting it
according to requirement from one drum to the other.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my
Improvements in Ploughs, and in Machinery or Apparatus for working the
same and other Agricultural Implements by Steam,”-
-
First, constructing ploughs for steam ploughing with a frame containing
several ploughs with wheels for regulating the depth of the work and for
guiding the implement, and with arrangements for raising the ploughs out
of the ground, all substantially in manner herein-before described.
Second, bringing the power of two or more engines to bear on and drive
one winding or propelling drum, as herein-before described.
Third, forming a portable or travelling railroad, and supporting the same
in manner and for the purpose herein-before described.
Fourth, constructing rope or chain porters which travel with the chain or
rope, and support the same.
And lastly, the employment of two sectional drums of different diameters,
or with a different number of sections on the same shaft, for the purpose
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Collinson Hall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-four.
COLLINSON HALL. (L.S.)