Year: 1897

page_text: 50 do
20 parts (by weight) of pulverized graphite
do
of Sulphate of barium
26
of
"
"
280
"
"
pure clay
of water glass
2
"2
"
of Spirit-varnish.
These substances are to be mixed and then form a viscid mass, which can he
brought with a brush in the desired thickness unto the objects to be protected. The
three essential substances of this mass are water glass, Spirit-varnish and a cement,
the latter to be composed of non calorific substances of the mineral kingdom.
According to the above formula this cement can be composed of graphite, sulphate of
barium and clay, the given amounts of which have been found to give the best
results. Any one substance of the three can be replaced by one of the other two,
only the proportion of the cement in the mixture is not allowed to vary. A special
order in mixing these substances need not be observed.
All objects to be coated with this mass, no matter what material they consist of,
must first be coated with a mixture of waterglass of 38° Bc. and carbonate of
potassium.
A peculiarity of the mass consists in its behavior when subjected to fire, in as
much as the layers of the material then increase in volume as much as 50%. The
addition of spirit varnish is responsible for this. However, only the given proportion
of spirit varnish combines with the other substances and a further addition of varnish
would not increase the expansive properties of the mass. The mass, when dried is
very hard and consistent and especially suitable for protecting fire-proof safes, jewel
cases and the like. For protecting fire-proof safes an inner casing made of wood,
cardbord or the like is coated with the mass and the layer of the latter then
surrounded with the ordinary iron shell, in such way doing away with the stay bolts
and other metallic parts passing through the protecting mass in the usual fire-proof
safes and conducting the heat to the inner casing.
Dated this 17th day of Mon 1907

page_text: I STEFAN JABLONSKI, of 10 Warecka, Warschau, Russia, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of the present invention is a fireproof material, which can be
manufactured cheaply and is easily applied to the objects to be protected, principally
to safes, strong boxes, fireproof vaults, walls etc.
It is composed of
280 parts (by weight) of waterglass
2 parts,
96 parts
"
"
of spirit varnish
of a so-called cement or filling and solidifying composition.
put vo "
"
VGITUш аии
26 parts
وو
"
of pure clay.
The waterglass, spirit varnish, and the solidifyer are to be mixed and then form
a viscid mass, which can be brought in layers unto the objects to be protected,
until the desired thickness is attained.
The three essential substances of this mass are waterglass, spirit varnish and a
filling and solidifying composition, the latter to be composed of substances of prin-
cipally the mineral kingdom, which are known as bad conductors of the heat. The
solidifyer, the formula of which is given above, has been found to give a good
result.
However, any one of the three substances can be replaced by one of the other two,
as also by peat, ashes, bone black, chalk, gypsum, infusorial or argillaceous earth and
the like. A special order of mixing these substances need not be observed.
All objects to be coated with this mass, no matter what material they may
consist of may be first coated with a mixture of waterglass of 38° Bé. and carbonate
of potassium. A peculiarity of the mass consists in its behavior, when subjected to
fire, in as much as the layers of the material then increase in volume as much
as 50 %, thereby filling out and occluding all crevices and seams of the outer shell.
This action is due to the spirit varnish, the given proportion of which however must
not be overstepped, as a further addition of varnish does not increase the expansive
properties of the mass.
The mass, when dried is very hard and consistent.
For protecting safes, jewelcases, strongboxes or the like an inner casing a made of
wood, cardboard or a like material is coated with several layers b of the mass, until
the desired thickness, which ordinarily need not exceed one inch, is attained and
is then surrounded with an iron shell c, thus doing away with all metallic parts,
such as staybolts, which in the usual fireproof safes pass through the protecting mass
and have the heavy disadvantage to conduct the heat to the interior of the safe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A fireproof, protecting compound, consisting of waterglass, spirit varnish, and a
filling and solidifying composition, as described.

page_text: 2. A fireproof, protecting compound, consisting of waterglass, spirit varnish,
pulverized graphite, sulphate of barium and pure clay, as specified.
3. In a fireproof, protecting compound consisting of waterglass, spirit varnish,
pulverized graphite, sulphate of barium, and pure clay the substitution of any one of
the last named three substances by one of the other two, as set forth.
4. In a fireproof, protecting compound consisting of waterglass, spirit varnish,
pulverized graphite, sulphate of barium and pure clay the substitution of any one of
the last named three substances by peat, ashes, bone black, chalk, gypsum, infusorial
or argillaceous earth and the like, as specified.
5. Layers of a fireproof, protecting material consisting of waterglass, spirit
varnish, and a filling and solidifying composition and surrounding, covering or
impregnating the object to be protected, as specified.
Dated this 20th day of September 1897.
STEFAN JABLÓNSKI.