Improvements in Wheels for Vehicles and in the Manufacture of the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wheels for Vehicles and in the Manufacture of
the same.
I, ALFRED THOMAS ANDREWS, of Forward Works, Tennant Street, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of my said invention to be as follows:-
In
My invention has for its object improvements in wheels for vehicles and in
the manufacture of the same and has reference to the method of constructing
and securing the tyre or "tread portion" into the rim or felloe so as to prevent
the tyre coming out of the rim and to prevent creeping skidding or slipping and
also to the mode of adjusting and constructing the hub or nave of the wheel.
In carrying the first part of my invention into practice as applied to wheels
suitable for light vehicles motor cars and other purposes I construct the rim or
felloe preferably trough shaped in cross section. The rubber tyre or "tread"
portion of the wheel is formed in one or more sections to fit into the rim or felloe
with one or more internal holes or spaces extending entirely around it for the
reception of a light tube or tubes or wire or wires. Also formed on the inner
circumference of the tyre at suitable intervals apart are a number of slots or
openings for the reception of eye pieces through which the tube or wire pass.
These eye pieces are formed with screwed shanks which pass through holes
formed in the rim and onto the protruding ends of these shanks lock nuts or
their equivalents are screwed by which means the tyre or tread portion is firmly
and securely held in the rim and entirely prevented from "creeping."
forming my wheels suitable for heavy vehicles the rim or felloe is preferably
formed trough shaped. The tyre or "tread portion" is formed of metal in one
piece or a number of sections preferably with overhanging flanges on either
side and with a number of holes or slots around the circumference which holes
or slots taper inwards. Fitting into the rim is a wooden bed or ring or its
equivalent formed in one or more parts and on the outer surface of this wooden
ring are fitted a number of small blocks made of rubber or other suitable material
to correspond to the number of slots or holes formed in the metal tvres which
when the metal tyre is fitted into position on the rim protrudes a certain distance
through these slots or openings thus preventing the metal tvre from slipping or
skidding and enabling the wheels to obtain a firm grip on the road. Or instead
of forming the bed or ring which fits into the rim of wood it may be formed of
rubber or other suitable material and the blocks which protrude through the
slots or holes in the metal tvre may be formed either integral with this bed or
ring or separate. The metal tyre is provided on its inner surface with a number
of screwed studs or pins which pass through holes in the rim to receive lock nuts
or their equivalents for holding the tyre in position.
In carrying the second part of my invention into practice I form that portion-

page_text: of the axle which fits into the body or central portion of the hub so as to fit or
nearly fit the internal diameter. The bearings or cups in which the balls run
are formed in the usual manner at the ends of the hub and the fast and loose
cones are also fitted onto the axle in the usual manner. If the balls should
break or the ball bearings in any way become damaged the weight of the vehicle
is then borne by the central or body portion of the hub and that part of the
axle fitting therein thus enabling the wheels to be used without further damage
to the bearing. In some cases I form the body portion of my hub with a straight
bore tapped at either end to receive a screwed washer at the inner end and into
this hub I fit a long sleeve or cylinder having two three or more half ball races
formed on its inner surface. The part of the axle which fits into this sleeve is
formed at the inner end with a fixed cone and onto the other portion of this
axle I fit a number of sliding cones according to the number of rows of balls.
These sliding cones are prevented from revolving on the axle by a key fitting
in a key way in the axles and cones or by a screw or peg fixed in the cones
fitting into a slot formed in the axle so that by turning the adjusting nut at
the end of the axle the whole of the cones are adjusted at one operation. A dust
cap or its equivalent screws into the outer end of the hub for protecting the
bearings.
No text detected.
ALFRED THOMAS ANDREWS.
By George Barker,
Fellow of The Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicants, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
Improvements in Wheels for Vehicles and in the Manufacture of
the same.
I, ALFRED THOMAS ANDREWS, of Forward Works, Tennant Street, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object improvements in wheels for vehicles and in
the manufacture of the same and has reference to the method of constructing
and securing the tyre or tread portion" into the rim or felloe so as to prevent
the tyre coming out of the rim and to prevent creeping and skidding or slipping
and also to the mode of adjusting and constructing the hub or nave of the wheel.
In carrying the first part of my invention into practice I construct the rim
or felloe preferably trough-shaped in cross section. The tyre or tread portion
is formed of metal in one piece or a number of sections preferably with overhang-
ing flanges on either side and with a number of holes or slots around the cir-
cumference which holes or slots taper inwards. Fitting into the rim is a wooden
bed or ring or its equivalent formed in one or more parts and on the outer surface
of this wooden ring are fitted a number of small blocks made of rubber or other
suitable material to correspond to the number of slots or holes formed in the
metal tyre which when the metal tyre is fitted into position on the rim protrude
a certain distance through these slots or openings thus preventing the metal tyre
from slipping or skidding and enabling the wheels to obtain a firm grip on the
road. Or instead of forming the bed or ring which fits into the rim of wood it

page_text: may be formed of rubber or other suitable material and the blocks which protrude
through the slots or holes in the metal tyre may be formed either integral with
this bed or ring or separate. The metal tyre is provided on its inner surface
with a number of screwed studs or pins which pass through holes in the rim
to receive lock nuts or their equivalents for holding the tyre in position.
In carrying the second part of my invention into practice I form that portion
of the axle which fits into the body or central portion of the hub so as to fit or
nearly fit the internal diameter. The bearings or cups in which the balls run
are formed in the usual manner at the ends of the hub and the fast or loose cones
are also fitted onto the axle in the usual manner. If the balls should break or
the ball bearings in any way become damaged the weight of the vehicle
is then borne by the central or body portion of the hub and that part of the
axle fitting therein thus enabling the wheels to be used without further damage
to the bearing. In some cases I form the body portion of my hub with a straight
bore tapped at either end to receive a screwed washer at the inner end and into
this hub I fit a long sleeve or cylinder having two three or more half ball races
foruied on its inner surface. The part of the axle which fits into this sleeve is
formed at the inner end with a fixed cone and onto the other portion of this
axle I fit a number of sliding cones according to the number of rows of balls.
These sliding cones are prevented from revolving on the axle by a key fitting
in a key way in the axles and cones or by a screw or peg fixed in the cones
fitting into a slot formed in the axle so that by turning the adjusting nut at
the end of the axle the whole of the cones are adjusted at one operation. A dust
cap or its equivalent screws into the outer end of the hub for protecting the
bearings.
In order that my invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practical effect I have appended hereunto a double sized sheet of drawings
upon which I have illustrated examples of my improved wheels.
Figure 1 is a view shewing a portion of a rim or felloe and tyre made according
to my invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a view shewing a portion of the bed or ring which fits into the rim
and to which the rubber blocks are fixed.
Figure 5 is a view shewing a portion of the metal tyre.
Figure 6 is a part sectional view of a hub made according to my invention.
Figure 7 is a part sectional view shewing another form of hub made according
to my invention.
In carrying that part of my invention into practice as shewn at Figures 1 to 5
inclusive I construct the rim or felloe R preferably trough shaped in cross section
and the tyre or tread portion T is formed of metal in one piece or a number
of sections preferably with the overhanging flanges on either side and with a
number of holes or slots around the circumference and these holes or slots
preferably taper inwards-that is to say the slots or holes & are wider crosswise
on the underside of the tyre than on the outer surface. Fitting into the rim R
is the wooden bed or ring B or its equivalent which may be formed in one or more
parts and on the outer surface of this ring B are fitted or fixed a number of
small blocks as clearly shewn at Figure 4 made of rubber or other suitable
material to correspond to the number of slots 2 in the tyre T which when the
metal tyre is fixed in position on the rim fit into and protrude a certain distance
through the slots as shewn at Figures 1, 2 and 3 thus preventing the tyre from
slipping or skidding and enabling the wheels to obtain a firm grip on the surface
of the road. Or the ring or bed B, may be formed of rubber or other suitable
material and the blocks may be formed either integral with the bed or ring B
or separate or independent. The metal tyre T is formed or provided with a
number of screwed studs or pins as shewn at Figure 5 which pass through the.
holes formed in the bed B and in the rim R and onto these studs or pins lock
:

page_text: nuts or their equivalents are screwed so as to hold the tyre in position on
the rim as clearly shewn at Figures 1 and 3.
At Figures 6 and 7 I have shewn examples of my improved hub. In the method
as shewn at Figure 6 I form the portion a¹ of the axle A which fits into the
body or central portion of the hub H so as to fit or nearly fit the bore or
internal diameter of this portion of the hub. The bearings or half ball races in
which the balls D run are formed in the usual manner either integral with the
ends h² or independent cups may be fitted into these ends of the hub. The fast
and loose cones E are fitted onto the ends of the axle in the usual manner and
the lock nut el locks them in position. It will thus be seen that if any of the
balls D should break or the bearings in any way become damaged the weight
of the vehicle is then borne by the central portions of the hub and the
portion of the axle A thereby enabling the wheels to be used without further
damage to the bearing.
In the method as shewn at Figure 7 I form the hub H with a straight bore
tapped at either end h³ h and at the inner end ³ I screw the washer h³. I
then fit the sleeves or linings or cylinders 6 h into this bore or one sleeve or
cylinder may be used and on the inner surface of these sleeves I form the ball
races. The part a¹ of the axle A which fits into these sleeves is formed at
the inner end with the fixed cone a² and onto the other portion of the part a¹ I fit
the sliding cones a³ at a³ and a. The first row of the balls D being dropped into
position before the loose cone a³ is slipped onto the axle and then the next row
of balls and the next cone at and so on until the bearing is complete. These
sliding cones are prevented from revolving upon the axle by a key fitting in a
key-way formed in the axle and cones or by a screw or peg fixed in the cones
fitting into a slot formed in the axle so that by turning the adjustment nut N
screwed onto the outer end of the axle the whole of the cones are adjusted at one
operation. The dust cap F is then screwed into the outer end of the hub so as to
prevent dust and other foreign matter from entering the bearings. Instead of
having four rows of balls as shewn I may have more than four rows or less if
desired. The cones are made so as to fit or nearly fit the bore of the sleeves or
cylinders hh so that if the halls D should break or become damaged the weight
of the hub rests upon these bearings thus enabling the bearing to be used without
further damage. A single sleeve or lining may be used if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
CLAIMS.
First In wheels for vehicles forming the metal tread whether in one or
more sections with a number of holes or slots such as for their equivalents around
its circumference through which studs or blocks of rubber or other suitable
material protrude, which studs or blocks are fixed to or formed with a bed or
ring such as B fitting in the trough of the rim or felloe in the manner and for
the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the accompanying
sheet of drawings.
Second-In wheels for vehicles mounting the metal tyre upon a bed or ring
made of wood rubber or other suitable material fitting in the trough of the rim
or felloe and on the outer surface of which a number of studs or projections are
formed which take into slots or openings formed in the metal tyre in the manner
and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn.
Third: In wheels for vehicles a metal tyre having a number of blocks or studs
or their equivalents protruding through slots formed around its periphery for
the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn.
:
Fourth In wheels for vehicles forming the ends of the axle so as to fit or
nearly fit the bore of the hub in the manner and for the purpose substantially.
as herein set forth and as shewn upon the drawings by Figure 6.

page_text: Fifth-In wheels for vehicles constructing the cones so that when mounted
upon the axle or spindle they fit or nearly fit the bore of the axle or sleeve or
lining in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as
shewn upon the accompanying drawings by Figure 7.
Dated this 2nd day of Nacombon 1900
ALFRED THOMAS ANDREWS,
By George Barker,
Fellow of The Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicant, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.