Improvements in Apparatus for Opening, Closing, or Fastening Casements, Fanlights, Skylights, and similar Structures.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 30th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1887.
RESERV
Improvements in Apparatus for Opening, Closing, or Fastening
Casements, Fanlights, Skylights, and similar Structures.
I EDGAR WILLMOTT TAYLOR of 60 Beaufort Road, Edgbaston, in the county of
Warwick, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for opening, closing, and fastening window
casements, or skylights or other similar structures, whether pivoted or hinged at their
tops, centres, or bottoms.
I will describe my invention as applied to a casement. opening out at the top, and
working upon hinges at the bottom or lower part of the same.
Upon the stationary part of the window frame, and near the top of the moveable
casement secure a plate having upon it snugs, forming a joint, and to which is
jointed the end of a straight arm or bar.
This bar is more or less rectangular or square in section, and upon one of its
surfaces I form small teeth or serrations, or, in some instances I may make it plain.
Upon the moveable casement I fix a bracket, which is generally made of two
pieces (right and left). This bracket stands out from the casement and forms a joint
wherein a " box
or swivel piece is carried which may oscillate to a greater or less
degree. Through this swivel piece passes the bar, and also within this swivel piece
I mount a toothed cam which made to work into the teeth or serrations upon the
said bar, or in some cases this cam may be made plain without teeth.
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The cam is actuated by a spindle which passes through the side of the swivel pieces
and there connected to a weighted lever; the said weighted lever always bringing
the full side of the cam into contact with the bar. To the other end of this lever is
attached a cord, which, when pulled overcomes the weighted lever, releases the grip
of the cam, and pulls the casement more widely open.
The one end of a second cord, or, the other end of the first cord is secured to a
suitable point upon the fixed bracket, then passes over a pulley mounted upon the
joint plate which is secured to the stationary part of the window frame, then further

page_text: passes over a second pulley mounted upon the bracket upon the moveable casement.
When necessary I should so form the swivel piece that where the straight bar passes
through it, it shall form a guide to keep such bar in its place.
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The use of this swivel piece particularly enables me to use a straight bar instead of
a curved or quadrant "bar, as at present in use, and thereby obviates the necessity of
obtaining the radius of any casement, (in order to bend the quadrant bar to suit)
before it can be applied, whereas in this my invention the straight bar makes them
equally applicable to any radius. In order to work these casement fasteners
satisfactorily with a straight bar it is necessary to have this swivel piece, inasmuch as
the relationship of position of the cam to that of the bar alters during the opening
or closing.
Thus by pulling the one cord the cam is freed from the bar and the casement
opened, to any desired position, when by drawing in the other cord the casement is
closed, the cam in this case yielding its small side to the bar, and thus allowing it
to pass by.
Dated this 20th day of Santonibor 1886
CHARLES T. POWELL,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Casements, Fanlights, Skylights, and similar Structures.
I EDGAR WILLMOTT TAYLOR of 60 Beaufort Road Edgbaston, in the county of
Warwick Draughtsman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for opening, closing, and fastening window
casements, or, skylights, or other similar structures, whether pivoted or hinged at
their tops, centres, or bottoms, and consists essentially in the use of a straight
adjustment bar, in combination with a swivel clutch box, such bar and clutch being
serrated or notched with small teeth, the former (bar) being so notched continuously
from end to end, and also a locking device suitable for skylight casements, such
parts being arranged and used in combination with other parts more or less in
common use, to complete the apparatus, after the manner hereinafter explained.
I will first describe the nature of my invention as applied to a casement, opening
out at the top, and working upon hinges or pivots, at the bottom or lower part of
the same.
Upon the stationary part of the window frame, and near the top of the moveable
casement, I secure a plate, having upon it snugs, forming a joint, and to which is
jointed the end of a straight arm or bar.
This bar is more or less rectangular or square in sectional form, and upon its upper
surface form small teeth or serrations.
Upon the moveable casement I fix a bracket, which is generally made or composed
of two pieces (right and left).
""
or
This bracket stands out from the casement, and forms a joint wherein a "box
swivel piece is carried. This swivel box is made capable of oscillation to a greater or
less degree. Through this swivel piece passes the bar, and also within this swivel
piece I mount a toothed clutch which is made to work into the teeth or serrations
upon the said bar. The clutch is actuated by a spindle which passes through the
side of the swivel piece, and there connected to a weighted lever: the said weighted
lever always bringing the full side of the clutch into contact with the bar.
To the other end of this lever is attached a cord, which, when pulled overcomes
the weighted lever, releases the grip of the clutch, and pulls the casement more
widely open. The one end of a second cord, or, the other end of a first cord is
secured to a suitable point upon the fixed bracket, then passes over a pulley mounted

page_text: upon the joint plate which is secured to to the stationary part of the window frame,
then further passes over a second pulley mounted upon the bracket upon the moveable
$
casement.
The use of the swivel piece particularly enables me to use a straight adjustments
bar, instead of a curved or "quadrant" bar, as at present in use, and thereby obviates
the necessity of obtaining the radius of any casement, (in order to bend the
quadrant bar to suit) before it can be applied, whereas in this my invention
the straight bar makes them equally applicable to any radius, by reason of the
compensating action of the swivel box.
In order to work these casement fasteners satisfactorily, with a straight bar, it is
necessary to have some compensating or accommodating action, such as in my swivel
box, inasmuch as the relationship of position of the clutch to that of the bar alters
during the opening or closing..
Thus by pulling the one cord the clutch is freed from the bar and the casement
opened to any desired position, when by drawing in the other cord the casement is
closed, the clutch in this case yielding its off side to the bar and thus allowing it to
pass by.
I will now proceed to more clearly describe and ascertain this my invention in
several of its applications, having reference to the accompanying illustrative sheet of
drawings upon which are figures and letters of reference, like letters referring
throughout the several views to the same thing or part.
Fig. 1 represents in side elevation the application of this my invention to the
opening and closing of a casement "inwards," Fig. 2, is a front elevation of Fig. 1
with part of bar removed. Fig. 3 is a plan of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of
Fig. 2, the reverse of Fig. 1. Figs. 5, 6, 7, 15, & 16 shew enlarged details of
certain parts.
a is the moveable casement hinged or pivoted at its lower end to the window-
frame b. C, is a joint plate which is secured to the window-frame 6 having a joint or
centre at d, to which is attached the straight adjustment bar e. Upon the upper
surface of this bar I form small teeth or serrations which coincide with similar small
teeth formed upon the clutch fhereinafter explained. Upon the moveable caseinent a,
I fix a bracket g, g', which for convenience is made in two parts & g¹. At the
upper end of this bracket I form bearings to receive the swivel box through the
lower part of which passes the adjustment bar e. In the upper part of this box I
place the clutch (beforementioned). In one with the spindle of the clutch f, I form
the weighted lever i which is provided at ; with an eye, to which the one end of a
cord k is attached. The other end of this cord 1, passes over the pulley m, (attached
to the fixed bracket g) see Fig. 1, thence over a pulley n, upon the bracket attached
to the window frame, and back to the bracket g at o, to which it is secured.
action will now be understood to be thus:-Upon pulling the cord 1, the casement a,
is closed. When being thus closed the pull of the swivel box being towards the off
side of the clutch f, the said clutch is lifted (against the weighted lever) and allows
the bar to pass through. By pulling the cord k, the weighted lever i is lifted, and
with it the clutch, out of the teeth upon the adjusting bar e, and by the further
pulling of the cord k the casement is opened.
Its
On account of the casement a, working upon a centre or pivot at Pi its upper part
and the bracket 9, move through a curved line, part of a circle; and by reason of the
bar e being straight, the angular position of the said bar must vary to that of the
window frame b and casement a, when the latter is being opened or closed.
Assuming for illustration sake, the box h Fig. 1, to be fixed to the bracket, g, (not
capable of swivelling), then, in the attempt to open or close the window, the bar e
would become bound or jammed between the clutch and the bottom of the box. By
making, however the box h to swivel, this difficulty is.overcome, inasmuch as it allows
the said box to always maintain the same angular position to that of the bar,
similarly as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1.
Figs. 8, 9, 10 & 11 illustrate the application of this
and closing of a window casement outwards. In this
my invention to the opening
case the plate is secured to

page_text: the moveable casement a, and the bracket g, g¹ to the window frame b the detailed
shape of the bracket g, g¹ being somewhat modified to suit their change of position;
also the weighted lever is altered in form, to suit the altered course of the cord
operating thereon, having a pulley 9 inserted within, or placed at the side of the
weighted part of the lever.
From the dotted lines showing the course of the operating cords, its action will be
understood: By pulling the cord k, which passes over the pulley n, and under the
pulley, and thence to the end at r, of the adjustment bar e, where it is secured, the
casement is opened; the pull of the cord first lifting and liberating the toothed clutch
from the bar. When opened to the required distance, the cord being let go, the weighted
lever falls, bringing the toothed clutch into gear or contact with the similar teeth
upon the bar e, when it is there secured. By pulling the cord I, which at its upper
end is secured to the plate c the casement a, is drawn in and closed, and in doing so
the clutch is lifted (against the weighted lever) and allows the bar to pass through
similar as described for Figs. 1, 2, 3 & 4.
Figs. 12, 13, & 14, shew this my invention applied to the opening and closing of
skylight casements, in which Fig. 12 is a side elevation, Fig. 13 a front view, and
Eig. 14 a side elevation reverse to Fig. 12.
In this case the casement a is hinged or pivoted to the window frame at p, the
plate c, also, being secured to the casement a. The bracket g, g₁ is secured to the
window frame. The one side of the weighted lever i, is extended on and formed into
a loop, or its equivalent at s. At t, I have shewn a pulley, and separate bracket u,
but it will be clearly seen that if desired this pulley may be carried upon the bracket g.
A single cord is only necessary in this case, which passes through the loops and over
the pulley t, back to, and secured at the end of the adjustment bar e.
When the cord k is pulled, it first lifts the clutch from the bar e when by continuing
to pull the said cord the casement a. is lifted (opened); but by holding the cord suffi-
ciently tight, or with sufficient pull, to keep the clutch f, out of gear with the bar e,
by paying out the said cord gently, the casement a, may be lowered or closed. By
suddenly loosing the cord, or by pulling the cord towards the right hand of the Fig. 12
and then loosing, the descent of the casement a, may be checked at any point.
At upon the bar e it will be seen there is a catch or projection, and also upon the
clutch, at w there is a counterpart or catch. The object of these catches is to
provide a locking device by which when the casement is closed, it may be locked.
Without this arrangement it will be clear that there is nothing to prevent the case-
ment being lifted from the outside, whereas, with this arrangement, when the case-
ment is closed, the catch w upon the clutch passes over and engages with the catch
upon the bar e, and consequently the casement a, cannot be lifted or opened until the
clutch is lifted from the inside.
In some instances in order to arrange that the straight adjustment bar e shall be
removed out of the way of the window blinds or curtains, when the said bar is not
being used, I may provide a joint in such bar as shewn at x Figs. 11A & 11 B. In
Fig. 11A the bar is shewn as it would be when the casement a, were opened more or
less, while in Fig. 11 B, it is shewn dropped down, as it would be when the casement a,
was closed. Or, in some instances instead of forming the joint x, with its axial pin
parallel to the upper surface of the bar e, that is, horizontally, I may make it verti-
cally so that the arm may swing in the horizontal plane out of the way.
When so
arrangeing the bar e with either of these joints I may where necessary attach a
separate cord to raise or otherwise bring the swing arm into its working position,
although in most cases this would be unnecessary, as for instance in the case of its
use in Fig. 1, the pulling of the cord k, would press the front part of the swivel box h,
against the drop down arm (Fig. 11 B) at y, that it would of itself raise the said arm
or bar into position.
Although I have selected to shew three kinds of opening and closing casements to
which this my invention is applicable, yet I do not confine myself to these, as it is
equally applicable to such casements whether hinged or pivoted at their top, or centres,
or sides.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim as
my improvements in apparatus for opening, closing, or fastening casements, fanlights,
skylights, and similar structures, is :-
1st. The application and use of the swivel box h, in combination with a straight,
toothed adjustment bar, similarly as illustrated upon the accompanying drawings, and
for the purposes set forth.
2nd. In combination with a straight toothed adjustment bar, and swivel box, of a
toothed clutch f, for the purpose of engaging with the. teeth upon the straight bar e,
similarly as illustrated and for the purposes set forth.
3rd. The general combination and arrangement of the apparatus as illustrated in
Figs. 1, 2, 3, & 4, and for the purposes specified.
4th. The general combination and arrangement of the apparatus as illustrated in
Figs. 8, 9, 10 & 11, and for the purposes specified.
5th. The general combination and arrangement of the apparatus as illustrated in
Figs. 12, 13, & 14 and for the purposes specified.
6th. The use of the horizontally or vertically jointed straight bar e, in combination
with either of the arrangements or their modifications, as herein described and
illustrated, and for the purposes set forth.
7th. The locking arrangement for skylight casements as illustrated in Figs. 12, 13,
14, & 16 that is to say, the catch w upon the clutch f, engaging with the catch v
upon the bar e, when the casement is closed, substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
D
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CT 1007