A NEW OR IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR CHURNING, AND FOR BEATING EGGS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Baker, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR CHURNING, AND FOR BEATING EGGS, AND FOR
OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."
Sealed the 22nd August 1861, and dated the 6th June 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Baker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
June 1861.
I, GEORGE BAKER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OB
IMPROVED INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR CHURNING, AND FOR BEATING EGGS, AND
FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The said instrument or apparatus consists of an open vessel, on opposite
points on the sides of which two uprights are fixed, the said uprights being
connected by an arched top. In the axis of the vessel is a shaft or spindle,
which is supported at its lower end in a bearing on the bottom of the vessel,
and at its upper end by the said arched top. That part of the said spindle
which is situated in the vessel carries beaters or stirrers arranged upon it
radially, and the upper part of the said spindle is in the form of a quick-
threaded screw. On the screwed part of the spindle is a screw box or nut, by
working which up and down a rapid reciprocating rotatory motion is given
to the spindle and beaters or stirrers. In using my Invention the liquid to be

page_text: operated upon is placed in the vessel and the screw box or nut worked and
up
down. The motion of the beaters or stirrers, which are immersed in the
liquid, effects the churning, beating, mixing, or agitating of the said liquid.
The spindle carrying the beaters or stirrers may be removed for cleaning or
other purpose by unscrewing a button on the arched piece. Beaters or
stirrers actuated in the manner described have been used for beating eggs and
other like purposes, but the said beaters or stirrers have not been made to
work on a spindle turning in bearings in the vessel containing the liquid to be
operated upon, and the essence of my Invention consists in constructing an
instrument or apparatus for churning, for beating eggs, and for other like
purposes, by the combination of parts, as described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters-Patent, filed
by the said George Baker in the Great Seal Patent Offico on the
2nd December 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BAKER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Baker, Her special licence that I, the said George Baker,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Baker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
INSTRUMENT OR APPARATUS FOR CHURNING, AND FOR BEATING EGGS, AND FOR OTHER
LIKE PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Baker, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Baker, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of a new or improved instrument or apparatus for
churning, and for beating eggs, and for other like pirposes, constructed in the
manner herein-after described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
The said instrument or apparatus consists of an open vessel, on opposite
points on the sides of which two uprights are fixed, the said uprights being
connected by an arched top. In the axis of the vessel is a shaft or spindle,
which is supported at its lower end in a bearing on the bottom of the vessel,
and at its upper end by the said arched top; or the uprights are affixed to a
ring which fits in the top of the vessel, the said uprights carrying both the
bearings in which the shaft or spindle works. That part of the said spindle
which is situated in the vessel carries beaters or stirrers arranged upon it
radially, and the upper part of the said spindle is in the form of a quick-
threaded screw. On the screwed part of the spindle is a screw box or nut, by
working which up and down a rapid reciprocating rotatory motion is given to
the spindle and beaters or stirrers. In using niy Invention the liquid to be
operated upon is placed in the vessel and the screw box or nut worked up and
down. The motion of the beaters or stirrers, which are immersed in the
liquid, effects the churning, beating, mixing, or agitating of the said liquid.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents in elevation the said
instrument or apparatus as constructed for beating eggs, or for mixing or
agitating other liquids, constructed according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a
plan of the same, a portion being shewn in section; and Figure 3 is a vertical
section of Figure 1. The same letters indicate the same parts in the several
Figures of the Drawings.
a is the vessel, made, by preference, of sheet metal, at the opposite sides of
which, and on the top thereof, the uprights b, b, are fixed, the said uprights
being connected by an arched top 3, as represented; c, c², is the shaft or
spindle in the axis of the vessel, the upper part c of which spindle is formed:
into a quick-threaded screw. The said shaft or spindle c, c, is supported at
bottom in a bearing d on the bottom of the vessel, and at its top in a button e,
which screws in the arch of the uprights b, b, as best seen in Figure 3. On
the top of the screwed part c of the spindle c, d, a disc f is fixed, through
which disc the pointed top of the spindle passes, and against which said disc
the bottom of the button e bears; g, g, are the stirrers or beaters, fixed on the
part of the spindle, the radial arrangement of the said stirrers or beaters

page_text: being seen in Figure 2; h is the screw box upon the screw c, the acting part
of the said screw box consisting of a pin i, which engages between the threads
of the screw c. By working the said screw box h up and down the screw c, a
rapid reciprocating rotatory motion is given to the spindle c, c², and beaters or
stirrers g, g, and the eggs or the liquid in the vessel a is thereby beaten,
stirred, or agitated. The radial stirrers or beaters 9; 9, are secured to the
lower part of the spindle c, c, by being soldered or otherwise fastened to the
discs, k. I prefer to make the beaters or stirrers g, g, of wire, and also to
make the screw c of wire, the said wire being soldered to the central spindle
in the manner illustrated in the Drawing; but I do not limit myself to these
details. The spindle carrying the beaters or stirrers may be removed from the
vessel a for cleaning or other purpose by unscrewing the button e from the
arched top of the uprights b, b. In place of removing the shaft or spindle
carrying the stirrers or beaters from the vessel by unscrewing the button e, as
in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the parts of the instrument or apparatus may be
arranged in the manner represented in Figures 4, 5, and 6, so that the said
stirrers or beaters can be removed from the vessel by simply lifting from the
vessel the parts carrying them.
Figure 4 represents in vertical section the instrument or apparatus made
according to this modification; Figure 5 is a plan of the same (partly in
section); and Figure 6 is an elevation of the beaters or stirrers and parts
carrying them, separately. Instead of fixing the uprights to the vessel, as in
Figures 1, 2, and 3, I fix the uprights 6, b, to a slightly conical ring i, which
said ring fits in the top of the vessel a, as seen in Figure 4. The shaft or
spindle c, c, carrying the beaters or stirrers g, g, works at top in the button e,
which is incapable of being removed from the arched top 6 of the uprights b, b.
Across the ring i, and fixed to the uprights b, b, is a plate or bearing k³, in
which plate or bearing the shaft c, c, works, a disc l on the said shaft bearing
upon and being supported by the said plate . The shaft c, c, in this modi-
fication has no bearing at the bottom of the vessel. The other parts of the
apparatus, Figures 4, 5, and 6, resemble those of the apparatus, Figures 1, 2,
and 3, and are marked with the same letters. When the beaters or stirrers
of the apparatus, Figures 4, 5, and 6, are required to be removed for cleaning
or otherwise, it is only necessary to lift the ring i from the vessel, when the
said beaters or stirrers will be removed as well as the parts which carry the
said beaters or stirrers, as illustrated in Figure 6. I do not limit myself to
the shape of the beaters or stirrers represented, as they may consist of a
rectangular frame or frames to which cross bars or plates are affixed.
The same arrangement of parts described and represented is employed when

page_text: I use my Invention for churning, excepting that in such case I make the
vessel of large size and stronger than those represented, and the other parts
of the apparatus are made of a corresponding size and strength, to adapt them
for churning. Instead of supporting the arched top & by two uprights, one
upright of greater strength may be employed. I am aware that beaters or
stirrers actuated in the manner described have been used for beating eggs and
for other like purposes, but the said beaters or stirrers have not been made to
work on a spindle turning in bearings fixed to or supported on the vessel
containing the liquid to be operated upon, and I lay no claim to such beaters
or stirrers separately from the vessel.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention
a new or improved instrument or apparatus for churning, for beating eggs,
and for other like purposes, the parts of which are combined and arranged
essentially in the manner herein-before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Baker, havo hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
GEORGE BAKER. (L.S.)
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.