IMPROVEMENTS IN CARBURETERS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex, for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN CARBURETERS communicated to him from
abroad by Walter Marsh Jackson, of Providence, R.I., United States
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1883.
IN
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, IMPROVEMENTS
CARBURETERS communicated to me from abroad by Walter Marsh Jackson, of
Providence, R.I., United States,
This invention relates to certain improvements in Metrical Carbureters for the
distribution of Hydro Carbon fluids to gas or air to be used for illuminating and
heating purposes, and it has for its objects to provide certain improved means
whereby the hydro-Carbon fluid may be supplied in automatically regulated
quantities to the Air or gas, as more fully hereinafter specified.
These objects I attain by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings
in which-
Figure 1 represents a plan view of the distributing vessel with the top
removed.
-
Figure 2 represents a vertical sectional view on the line x x of figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a Cross section on the line y. y. of figure 1.
Figure 4 represents a view partly in section and partly in Elevation, showing
the distributing chamber located in the Meter and Connected to the supply
reservoir.
Figure 5 represents a view, partly in section and partly in plan, showing a
modification of this improved invention
Figure 6. represents a vertical sectional view of such modification-and
Figure 7. represents a side Elevation of the distributing device and mechanism
for operating the same.
The letter A indicates the Meter which has located in its upper part a horizontal
box B. Within the said box, mounted upon a suitable shaft, is located a rotary
measuring wheel, provided with buckets C, to take up and deliver the hydro-carbon
liquid metrically as more fully hereinafter specified,

page_text: '
The heads of the box B are secured by means of bolts and nuts, the Ends being
set in suitable Cement to form tight joints with the heads
The letter D indicates the tray which receives the hydro Carbon fluid from the
buckets of the distributing wheel, The said tray is secured to one of the ends of
the box and projects into the measuring wheel so as to receive the liquid as it is
discharged from the buckets.
Through the other end of the box projects one end of the shaft of the distributing
wheel which extends also through the wall of the Meter and is provided with a
pinion E which intermeshes with gearing Connected with the Meter by means of
which the distributing wheel is metrically rotated.
From the lower part of the box B extends a pipe F which passes out at one
side of Meter, and is.provided at its End with one part of a Coupling F¹ by means
of which it can be Connected by the other part of the Coupling to the end of a
pipe extending from a displacing Chamber-Within said Chamber is located a
displacer Constructed of glass, metal or other suitable material, solid or hollow, or
of any porous material saturated with a Compound of glycerine or gelatine to
render it impervious to the hydro Carbon fluid-When the displacer is Constructed
of porous material, wood is preferred for its Construction.
The displacer is provided with a suitable shaft K which is journalled in suitable
bearings in the sides of the displacing Chamber and is provided with an Arm H
upon which sets a Counter balance or weight L as indicated.
From the displacer, extends vertically upward, an arm M which is provided at
its upper extremity with a valve which sets in a recess in the lower face of a
valve Chamber so as to oscillate the valve as the displacer rises or falls.
The valve is Constructed of a piece of Metal and is located in a Valve Chest or
Chamber which communicates with the displacing chamber by means of an
opening N through which the hydro Carbon fluid may be supplied to the displacing
Chamber. The Valve Chest or Chamber is provided with a screw threaded pro-
jection D3 by means of which it may be Connected to a suitable supply tank or
vessel Containing the hydro Carbon fluid to be supplied to the gas or air.
The displacer however may be balanced in .any suitable way so as to give by
displacement of the fluid, any desired falling or rising power.
In the modification shown in Figs 5-6 and 7 of the drawings, the letter B₁
indicates a Cylinder of suitable dimensions Constructed of brass or other suitable
material which is Closed at Each end by suitable heads B2 which may be secured
to said Cylinder by means of threads, bolts or other suitable devices. On and
against one of the heads of the Cylinder, on the inside is located a tray for
receiving the measured fluid-The said tray may be cast on or secured to the head
in any convenient manner so as to extend into the centre of the measuring
wheel, when the said head is in place, and be surrounded by the buckets of the
said wheel,
At the centre of the side of the tray which adjoins one side of the measuring
wheel, the metal is thickened so as to afford sufficient body to permit of the
formation of a recess D¹ which is drilled out to receive one End of the shaft, of
the measuring wheel. forming a journal bearing therefor. The said recess does
not extend through the tray, but only a short distance into the thickened portion,
so that the hydro Carbon fluid cannot pass through into the tray, in case the fluid
line should accidentally reach the line of the shaft.
From the opposite side of the tray where it joins the Cylinder head, extends a
pipe F which leads through and out of the wall of the Meter and which. is joined
by the gas or air pipe Conducting the measured gas or air from the outlet of the
Meter to the Carbureter.
The other head of the Cylinder is thickened at its Centre or provided with a
boss. G¹ which is partially drilled through-forming a journal bearing for the
other end of the measuring wheel shaft, or it may be drilled through and provided
with an exterior screw cap so as to prevent the Escape of the fluid hydro-Carbon.

page_text: The letter H indicates a pipe leading from one of the Cylinder heads at a level
with the bottom of the Cylinder-through the wall of the Meter and suitably
Connected by means of a Coupling I or any other detachable Connection, with a
Chamber which may be styled a displacing Chamber to be more fully hereinafter
described The letter K5 indicates a gear wheel mounted on the shaft of the
measuring wheel inside of the Cylinder above mentioned which gear wheel
intermeshes with a gear wheel N2 located within the Cylinder, and above the
gear on the measuring wheel. shaft-The said upper gear is mounted on the inner
End of a short shaft Ñ³ which extends through one head of the Cylinder and a
suitable stuffing box B' on the outside of the said Cylinder head.
To the outer end of said shaft is secured a gear 02 which intermeshes with a
suitable gear located on the dial shaft of the Meter, from whence the power is
derived for actuating the mechanism for measuring the hydro Carbon fluid. The
said Cylinder is located, preferably, within the top of the meter to secure the
advantage of short shafting to prevent the devices from intentional injury or
injuries by Careless handling, and to save the necessity of passing the shafting
through the walls of the Meter and the necessary stuffing boxes. The Construction
may be Varied without departing from the spirit of this invention, however, as
the entire device may be located outside the Meter and Connected to the same by
Belts. Pulleys, Shaftings, Gears or other suitable mechanism.
The displacing Chamber G may be Constructed of any suitable material but is
preferably formed of heavy tinned iron and is Connected to the pipe leading from
the bottom of the Cylinder as before mentioned
The said pipe opens into the bottom of the displacing Chamber G as shown in
the drawings Fig 5. Within the displacing. Chamber is located a displacer which
Consists of a float Constructed of Glass. Iron. Stone Wood, Cork or other suitable
solid or porous material.
Where solid or impervious material is used, the displacer, made solid or hollow,
preferably solid, and when porous material is employed the same is thoroughly
saturated and Coated with a Compound of Glycerine and Gelatine so as to prevent
the absorption of the hydro-Carbon and the saturation by Constant immersion in
the fluid hydro Carbon so that its weight will not be increased after the apparatus
has been in use by the absorption of the hydro Carbon fluid. The said displacer
is of such dimensions as to occupy nearly the whole internal area of the displacing
Chamber, leaving room enough only for its free motion in rising and falling. The
displacer at one Edge is hinged at one or more points indicated by the letter S to.
one side of the displacing Chamber (two of such hinged Connections being shown
in the present instance) so as to secure a uniform and even motion of the
displacer.
From the Centre of said hinged edge of the displacer, extends backwards a
projection. T to which is pivoted a perpendicular shaft. U which is surmounted by
a valve V2 of Conical or other Convenient shape. The said shaft passes through a
tube A² the upper end of which forms a seat for the before mentioned Valve. The
tube A² on its outside, at its upper end is formed with two shoulders one smaller
than the other. These shouldered portions are threaded externally and upon the
smaller one is secured a detachable strainer C³, Consisting of a Cylindrical Cap of
perforated metal wound Closely with non-Corrosive wire so as to prevent any
possibility of foreign matter entering with the hydro Carbon fluid and thus
preventing Clogging or injury to the Valve seat. The larger shoulder serves as a
Connection upon which may be secured a union or pipe D³ which leads to the
bottom of a supply tank located at any suitable point from the displacing
Chamber or Meter. Instead of the perforated Cap, a short tubular Cap of solid
netal packed longitudinally with wire may be employed if found Convenient.
From one side, or any suitable point of the displacing Chamber above the line at
which it is designed to maintain the level of the hydro Carbon fluid therein,
xtends a tubular projection E³ the said projection being at the rear of the
+

page_text: pivoted Connections of the displacer. From the rear of the displacer extends a
projection F3 which passes through the tubular projection above mentioned and
which is adapted to oscillate freely therein. Upon the end or stem of such
projection Fa is secured a movable weight G³ of any desired density which serves
to Counterbalance the weight of the displacer and to produce a rising and falling
power when the displacer is partially or wholly submerged Equivalent to the
difference in the artificial density of the displacer and the hydro Carbon fluid
employed.
The tubular extension, at its outer end is provided with a Chamber and the
Chamber, with a Cap-G by means of which it may be closed. Instead of
having the weight thus arranged it may be located directly at the rear of the
displacer in the displacing Chamber as indicated by the letter G in the drawings.
It has been found in practice, desirable to Construc tthe displacing Chamber of
sufficient size to allow the use of a displacer which shall offer Considerable surface
displacement so that a low level of fluid may be maintained with the rising and falling
displacement power. Equal to the positive opening and closing of the Valve. It
has been demonstrated that small meters do not permit the enclosure of a suitable
sized displacing Chamber within their tops.
Therefor such meters, in Carrying out this invention are designed to be
Connected with the displacer as above described. Larger meters have ample space
in their tops and such may have the displacing Chamber and Cylinder located
within their walls, and connected to each other by a suitable hydro Carbon duct.
To locate the displacing Chamber outside the meter may in some instances be
preferable since by such arrangement, any number of meters may be Connected to
one displacer and governing device so that the same may answer for all-In small
Cylinders it is necessary to have a Connecting duct with the displacing Chamber_
of limited size so that the fluid line may rise above the duct and thus prevent an
Equalization of pressure between the Cylinder and displacing Chamber. To
obviate this I Connect the top of one with the other by a pipe as shown in Fig 3
of the drawings.
The operation of this invention is as follows-The Gas or Air to be carbureted
is driven either by the pressure of the gas holder by an air-pump or other means
through the meter and is then measured and its measurement recorded on an
indicating dial, While the mechanism of the meter is in operation, the motion is
transmitted to the measuring wheel by means of its Connecting mechanism with
that of the meter. The measuring wheel is Constructed in Conformity with the
revolutions of the dial shaft of the meter to the passing of a given number of Cubic
feet so the quantity of hydro-Carbon fluid emptied from the buckets into the
tray and transmitted to the Gas or air to be enriched or Carbureted, Thus when
the size of the buckets are calculated relative to the indicating dial of the meter
or the known quantity of gas or air passing, the delivery from the measuring
wheel may be an exact quantity desired. As soon as the measuring wheel takes
up and transfers a sufficient quantity of hydro Carbon liquid to decrease the level
of the same in the Cylinder, the displacer drops permitting an inflow of hydro
Carbon fluid, just sufficient to supply the deficiency. The displacer thus maintains
a practically uniform level of the fluid and as soon as the flow of gas or air Ceases
the displacer Closes the Valve, thus cutting off the supply of hydro Carbon fluid
entirely until the operation is again commenced.
Having thus fully described this invention. I Claim, and desire to secure by
Letters Patent
1st The Combination in an apparatus for metrically distributing liquid hydro-
Carbon to air or gas, of an intermediate Chamber and automatically operated
metrical mechanism whereby the flow of liquid is regulated and Controlled,
substantially as specified.
2nd In Combination with a meter for measuring Gas or Air, the metrically
governed mechanisın for distributing hydro Carbon liquid to the gas or air. fixed

page_text: within the meter Case and Consisting of a liquid receiving box, a distributing
wheel therein mounted on a shaft, having a Cog-wheel Connected by gearing with
a Cog-wheel on the dial shaft of the air or gas meter whereby the hydro Carbon
liquid may be supplied to the gas or air in measured and properly proportioned
quantities substantially as described.
3rd In Combination with, the liquid hydro Carbon distributing box, and the
metrically governed liquid distributing and measuring device, therein, a float and
valve arranged as described for automatically regulating and Controlling the
admission of liquid to said box whereby the liquid may be supplied to the gas or
air in regulated and measured quantities as specified.
'
4th The liquid hydro Carbon receiving and distributing box, having a supply
pipe and a discharge opening, in Combination with a float and valve properly
Connected therein, for automatically controlling the flow of liquid to the box, and
a distributing wheel provided with buckets, mounted on a shaft, within said box,
in Combination with suitable gearing and the dial shaft of a meter, a liquid
hydro-Carbon reservoir and a Connecting pipe, as and for the purposes specified
5th The liquid hydro-Carbon receiving and distributing box having a liquid
induction pipe provided with a valve seat and a strainer, in Combination with a
Conical Valve seated in the pipe, a float located in said box and a Connecting
pivoted lever all Constructed and arranged as described.
6th In a hydro carbon liquid supply and distributing apparatus for metrical
Carbureters the displacing Chamber, provided with an inlet pipe and valve, and a
displacer nearly filling its horizontal area whereby it is quickly affected by the
inflow or outflow of a small quantity of liquid-in Combination with the liquid
distributing mechanism and a meter for the measurement of the quantity of gas or
air delivered to the carbureter substantially as described.
7th In an apparatus for measuring and distributing hydro Carbon liquid to
Carburet Gas or Air, the displacing Chamber having an inlet liquid pipe and valve
and a pivoted displacer Connected with the Valve, and provided with a Counter-
balancing weight in Combination with the measuring and distributing apparatus
Connecting and operating as described.
8th. In an apparatus for measuring and delivering hydro Carbon liquid to
Carburet Gas or Air, a displacing Chamber having an inlet pipe and Valve and a
displacer arranged therein, in Combination with a measuring Chamber having
measuring and distributing devices arranged therein. Connected by gearing with
the dial shaft of the meter, and a pipe Connecting the two chambers substantially
as described.
9th The Combination with the displacing Chamber and displacer of the induction
tube and Valve, the tube being provided with a perforated Cup wrapped Closely
with wire, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
10th In an apparatus for metrically supplying fluid hydro Carbon to Carbureters,
a float or displacer saturated and Coated with a Compound of Glycerine and
Gelatine substantially as and for the purposes described.
11th In a hydro Carbon liquid supply and distributing apparatus for metrical
Carbureters, a displacing Chamber, having a supply pipe valve and displacer in
Combination with the distributing Chamber located in the meter Case and having
a Contained measuring wheel, a liquid pipe Connecting the two Chambers and a
Connecting Equalizing pipe, the whole arranged and operating substantially as
described
12th In a hydro Carbon liquid supply and distributing apparatus for metrical
Carbureters, a displacing Chamber having a supply pipe, Valve and displacer, in
Combination with the distributing Chamber having a Contained measuring wheel,
a liquid pipe Connecting the two Chambers and a Connecting equalizing pipe, the
whole arranged to operate substantially as specified.
13th In a hydro Carbon liquid supply and distributing apparatus for metrical
Carbureters the tray being open above the line of fluid for the purpose of receiving

page_text: and dispensing the measured fluid to the gas or air, to be Carbureted, in Combi-
nation with the distributing Chamber, having a contained measuring device suitably
Connected with, and actuated by the meter and Connected to a displacing Chamber
containing a displacer and a valve; by a liquid pipe or a liquid and an Equalizing
pipe, substantially as and for the purpose described
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my hand
and seal this 9th day of July A.D. 1883.
H. J. HADDAN (L.S.)