IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFacture of CARPETS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Webb, of 5, Princes Street, Spital-
fields, in the County of Middlesex, "for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFacture of CARPETS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Webb at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,"
on the 10th January 1853.
I, WILLIAM WEBB, of 5, Princes Street, Spitalfields, in the County'
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS " to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of causing all the worsted yarn to appear
on the two surfaces, the linen warp being on the interior; and in'
order to cause the two surfaces to project like terry weaving a thick
weft is used on either side, so that the two surfaces are corded and
appear as if wires had been used on both sides. An ordinary thinner or
fine weft is used in the linen warp, which binds all parts together, and
weaves the linen warp into a fabric.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Webb in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th July 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM WEBB, of 5, Princes Street, Spitalfields, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Webb, Her special licence
that I, the said William Webb, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Webb, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no.
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CARPETS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Webb, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Webb, do hereby de-
clare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of causing all the worsted yarn to appear
on the two surfaces, the linen warp being on the interior; and in order
to cause the two surfaces to project like terry weaving a thick weft is
used on either side, so that the two surfaces are corded and appear as
if wires had been used on both sides. An ordinary thinner or fine

page_text: Figure 1, shews a section of so much of an ordinary loom as will
enable me to explain means of carrying my said Invention into effect.
Figure 2, shews a magnified view or section of a portion of carpet
made according to my improvements; a, b, being the two halves into
which the worsted warp is divided to form the corded surfaces of the
woven fabric, and c, is the linen or central warp. In weaving this
fabric two sorts of weft are used, a thick weft to raise cords or the
appearance of terry on the two surfaces of the fabric, and a finer weft
for binding or weaving the whole into a fabric; d, d, is the thick weft,
and e, e, is the thin weft. The warp c, remains within or constitutes
the middle of the fabric, and is woven into a plain or tabby weaving
by the weft e, e, and in so weaving the central warp into a fabric
two worsted corded surfaces are combined therewith by tho weft e, as
is shewn. The diagram shows only one shoot of weft between each
two cords on the upper and under surfaces, but this may be varied.
In working, the central warp is to be opened into sheds as if weaving
plain fabrics, and the two parts of the worsted warp, one below and
one above, are to be opened into sheds to receive the thick weft, and
they, in combination with the central warp, are also to be opened into
sheds to receive the weft e, which ties the whole into a fabric. The
jacquard, or other apparatus working the worsted yarn, in opening a
shed, whether above or below the central warp, is at all times to act on
one half of the worsted warp, though the half by which a shed is
made need not be composed of the same threads (when different
colored warps are used) as those used in making the previous shed on
the same side of the fabric. If it be desired to make a carpet all over
of one color on the one side, and all over of another color on the
other side, the two halves of the warp would at all times, when the thick

page_text: wefts are thrown in, remain on their own sides of the central warp, and
they would respectively only pass between the central warp when
making sheds to receive the smaller weft. But if it were desired to
make the stripes alternately of the two different colors, then the two
halves would respectively alternately form sheds above and below the
central warp when about to receive the thick weft. From the above
description a workman will readily understand the mode of carrying
out my Invention. I would however remark, the details of iny Inven-
tion above given may be varied, and either plain or figured fabrics
produced, according to the judgment and taste of the workman, so
long as the peculiar character of my Invention, that of producing
two corded surfaces on a central -warp in the manufacture of carpets,
be retained.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Webb, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
WILLIAM WEBB. (L.S.)
Witness,
FRED HARRIS.