IMPROVEMENTS IN ELBOWS USED FOR JOINING WROUGHT-IRON AND OTHER PIPES OR TUBES, AND IN TOOLS FOR MANUFAC- TURING THE SAID ELBOWS
Year: 1857

page_text: Smith, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELBOWS USED FOR JOINING
WROUGHT-IRON AND OTHER PIPES OR TUBES, AND IN TOOLS FOR MANUFAC-
TURING THE SAID ELBOWS."
Sealed the 18th May 1858, and dated the 27th November 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Elcock and
Samuel Bentley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 27th November 1857.
We, WILLIAM ELCOCK, of Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturer, and SAMUEL BENTLEY, of Wednesbury aforesaid, Smith, do hereby'
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELBOWS USED
POR JOINING WROUGHT IRON AND OTHER PIPES OR TUBES, AND IN TOOLS FOR MANU-
FACTURING THE BALD ELBOWS," to be as follows:-
The elbows commonly used for joining iron and other pipes or tubes are
angular, that is to say, have the figure of two short tubes joined together at
right angles, or are rounded only at their outer angle.
Our Invention consists, firstly, in making elbows for joining iron and other
pipes or tubes of a curved form, that is to say, without an angle either on the

page_text: inner or outer side of tho said elbow. Elbows constructed according to our
Invention do not offer the obstruction to the passage of fluids or liquids
through them which is offered by elbows of the ordinary construction.
Our Invention consists, secondly, of two dies or tools, used in manufacturing
our improved elbows; one of the said tools consists of a curved peg or mandril,
upon which tho elbow is welded, and the other consists of a stake or anvil,
upon which the elbow is shaped externally; the figure of the said stake or
mandril being the counterpart of that of the inner curve of the elbow.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Elcock and Samuel Bentley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th May 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
ELCOCK, of Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, and SAMUEL
BENTLEY, of Wednesbury aforesaid, Smith, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said William Elcock and Samuel Bentley, Her special licence
that we, the said William Elcock and Samuel Bentley, our exccutors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Elcock and
Samuel Bentley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ELBOWS POR JOINING: WROUGHT-IRON AND OTHER PIPES OR TUBES, AND
IN TOOLS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAID ELBOWS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said William Elcock and Samuel Bentley, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same, to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Elcock and Samuel Bentley,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, in making elbows for joining iron, and such
other pipes or tubes as are or may be joined by elbows as herein-after par-
ticularly described and represented in the accompanying Drawing. The
elbows commonly used for joining iron and other pipes or tubes are angular,
that is to say, have the figure of two short tubes joined together at right
angles, or the said elbows are rounded only at their outer angle. This part
of our Invention consists in making the said elbows without an angle either on
the inner or outer side of the said elbows.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in side elevation an
elbow constructed according to our Invention; and Figure 2 represents the
elbow, Figure 1, in section. a is the outer curve of the elbow, and b, the
inuer curve of the said elbow. In elbows as ordinarily constructed a sharp
angle is made on the inner side of the elbow at that part where the curve b is
situated in our improved elbow. By constructing elbows according to our
Invention they do not offer the obstruction to the fluids or liquids passing
through them which is offered by elbows of the ordinary construction.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in the use of the dies or tools herein-after
described and represented in the accompanying Drawing for manufacturing
our improved elbow, Figures 1 and 2. In order that this part of our Inven-
tion may be the better understood, we will briefly describe that stage of the
manufacture of our improved elbow which precedes the use of the dies or
tools constituting the second part of our Invention. We take a blank or
piece of bar or plate iron of the form represented in Figure 3, and we give
the said blank the from represented in Figures 4 and 5, that is to say, the
blank is partly folded at c, and the edges d, d', d, and d', of Figure 8, are
bent into the positions represented in Figures 4 and 5 respectively by the
letters d, d, d², d³. When the edges & and d, Figure 5, are brought
together, and the edges d' and d³, Figures 4 and 5, are also brought together
and welded, there is produced a roughly formed elbow, the part e forming a
nearly square angle in place of the curve a, Figure 1. By welding and
forging the several edges are joined, and the angle e formed into the curve a,
Figures 1 and 2..
The second part of our Invention consists of the tools herein-after described,
and represented in Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, of the accompanying
Drawing, for forming the curves a and b of the elbow. We have described
and represented in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the ordinary method of forming
elbows from blanks, but elbows may be formed from blauks by other methods,

page_text: and the tools constituting the second part of our Invention may be employed
in welding and finishing elbows, however the said elbows may have been
roughly made from blanks.
Figure 6 represents in front elevation and Figure 7 in vertical section a
shaping tool or die for shaping the outer angle of the partially formed elbow.
The figure of the said tool or die will be sufficiently understood by an inspec-
tion of the Drawing. Figure 8 represents in vertical section, and Figure 9 in
end view, another tool or die for shaping the inner angle of the elbow. The
shape of the said tool or die will be seen by referring to the said Figures
8 and 9.
Figure 10 represents in front elevation another tool to be used for shaping
the inner curve of the elbow.
Figures 11 and 12 represent the pegs, dies, or mandrils upon which the
elbow is placed while it is welded..
By the use of the tools, dies, or anvils described, the inner and outer sur-
faces of the elbows are made smooth, and a perfect and sound weld insured.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and represented, as
the same may be varied without departing from the nature of our Invention.
But we claim as our Invention, firstly, making elbows for joining iron and
such other pipes or tubes, as the same are or may be applicable to, of the
form herein-before described and represented in Figures 1 and 2 of the accom-
panying Drawing, that is to say, having a curvature both at the inner and
outer angle; secondly, the use of the tools or dies herein-before described
and represented in Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, of the accompanying
Drawing, in the manufacture of our improved elbow.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Elcock and Samuel Bentley,
havo hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-second day of May.
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM ELCOCK. (L.S.)
SAMUEL BENTLEY. (L.S.)