IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOT WATER COILS OR RADIATORS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL
DEPUIFICATION.
I WILLIAM GEORGE CANNON of 106 and 107 London Road, Southwark in the
County of Surrey, Gas and Hot Water Engineer and Manufacturer of Hot Water
Apparatus, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOT WATER COILS OR RADIATORS FOR HEATING
PURPOSES to be as follows :—
The object of my Invention is to construct hot water coils or radiators for
heating purposes in an improved manner, and with increased facilities for making
the joints.
In carrying out my Invention I usually cast triple pipes in one casting, the main
body of which consists of three pipes, and the two ends of which three pipes unite
and form one neck, the area of which is about equal to the united areas of the
three pipes.
Instead of grouping three pipes together four or more may be similarly grouped
for the same object.
The neck or junction at each end of the group of pipes is provided with a flange
or shoulder, upon which a vulcanite, asbestos or other joint packing is placed to
make a steam and water-tight joint.
The cross sectional form of the tubes may be rectangular, elliptical, circular or
otherwise; the object being to present a large heating surface to the atmosphere to
be warmed.
The ends, however, are (by preference) circular, but I do not confine myself to
that form, as other forms may be used.
These tubes are connected to socket tubes which are placed at right angles
thereto, the multiple tubes being usually placed in a vertical position, and the
socket tubes in a horizontal position. But these positions may be varied according
to circumstances.
The socket tubes are made with suitable sockets or stuffing boxes which fit the
necks of the grouped or multiple tubes, and the joint is made by means of a ring
of vulcanite, asbestos, or other suitable packing.
The centre pipe of the group is utilised by passing a rod through the same, the
ends of which rod are tapped to receive a nut, or one end may have a head formed

page_text: thereon and the other end may be tapped to receive a nut. The ends of this rod
pass through a suitable hole in the outer, or socket, tube.
In some cases the rod is provided with a nut and washer to make a joint, and
keep the multiple tube ends in the sockets, and in other cases, for the same purpose,
a countersunk boss is provided in the socket pipe, into which the rod is tapped, or
otherwise attached, so as to make a sunk connection, and leave the outside of the
socket pipe fair and flush without projections.
When a number of grouped tubes are connected together, the tie rods may bo
omitted from some of the groups, and a tie rod may be fitted to every second or
third tube only, unless the pressure requires a greater number of tie rods.
The several connections may also be made with iron cement joints, by making
the joints of sufficient length; in which case the tie rods may be dispensed with.
The several pipes, rods, nuts, washers, and other articles may be made with any
suitable materials.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
86
I WILLIAM GEORGE CANNON of 106 & 107 London Road Southwark in the
County of Surrey Gas and Hot Water Engineer and Manufacturer of Hot Water
Apparatus do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOT WATER COILS OR RADIATORS FOR HEATING
PURPOSES" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my Invention is to construct hot water and steam coils or radiators
for heating purposes in an improved manner, and with increased facilities for
making the joints.
In carrying out my Invention I usually cast triple pipes in one casting the main
body of which consists of three pipes, and the two ends of which three pipes unite
and form one neck, the area of which is about equal to the united areas of the
three pipes.
Instead of grouping three pipes together four or more may be similarly grouped
for the same object, and in all cases, if necessary, a cross water way can be arranged
through the centre of the group of tubes.
The neck or junction at each end of the group of pipes is provided with a flange
or shoulder upon which a vulcanite, asbestos or other joint packing is placed to
make a steam or water tight joint.
The cross sectional form of the tubes may be rectangular, elliptical, circular or
otherwise; the object being to present a large heating surface to the atmosphere to
bo warmed.
The ends however are (by preference) circular but I do not confine myself to
that form as other forms may be used.
These tubes are connected to socket tubes which are placed at right angles
thereto, the multiple tubes being usually placed in a vertical position and the socket
tubes in a horizontal position. But these positions may be reversed or otherwise
varied according to circumstances.
The socket tubes are made with suitable sockets or stuffing boxes which fit the
necks of the grouped or multiple tubes, and the joint is made by means of a ring of
vulcanite asbestos or other suitable packing.
The centre pipe of the group is further utilized by passing a rod through the
same, the ends of which rod are tapped to receive a nut, or one end may have a
head formed thereon and the other end may be tapped to receive a nut. The ends
of this rod pass through a suitable hole in the outer, or socket, tube at the top and
bottom.
In some cases the rod is provided with a nut and washer to make a joint, and
keep the multiple tube ends in the sockets, and in other cases, for the same purpose,
a countersunk boss is provided in the socket pipe into which the rod is tapped, or
otherwise attached, so as to make a sunk connection, and leave the outside of the
socket pipe fair and flush without projections.
When a number of grouped tubes are connected together the tie rods may be
omitted from some of the groups and a tie rod may be fitted to every second or
third group only, unless the pressure requires a greater number of tie rods.
The several connections may also be made with iron coment joints by making
the joints of sufficient length in which case the tie rods may be dispensed with.
The several pipes rods nuts washers and other articles may be made with any
suitable materials cast iron being preferable to save expense.

page_text: And in order that my said Invention may be clearly understood reference is
hereby made to the accompanying Drawings in which similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional diagram, in which a a is a triple loop pipe, b is the socket
pipe, c c are the sockets, the method of forming the joint being clearly shewn.
d is the elastic packing, e is a nut which is tapped to the tension rod f a washer
g being inserted between the nut and the socket pipe. One end of the tension
rod may be tapped into a boss formed in the socket pipe as shown at h if
preferred.
Fig. 2 is an external view of one end of a triple loop pipe, attached to the Bocket
pipe.
Fig. 3 is a section, on the line of Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 4 is a plan of the socket shown at c¹ in Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a section
shewing the usual form of the socket pipe.
Fig. 6 shews my method of grouping five, or any other number of pipes together; 1
and a cross communicating chamber is shown at k k for assisting the circulation
and steadying long pipes.
Fig. 7 shews the method of counter sinking the tension rod nuts, in order to
rander the outside flush and avoid projections.
It is obvious that my said Invention is equally applicable to the use of steam
for heating purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In heating apparatus, the arrangement of multiple pipes merging into one at
each end to form a simple and convenient joint, substantially as described and
shewn in the Drawings.
2. In heating apparatus, the construction of sockets cc. in the socket pipes b to
form simple and convenient joints substantially as described and shewn in the
Drawings.
3. In heating apparatus, the application of tension rods, whereby the apparatus
is securely united substantially ns described.
4. The general construction combination and arrangement of the several and
respective parts, together forming my improvements in the construction of hot
water coils or radiators for heating purposes herein before described and shown in
the Drawings or any mere modification thereof.
213