IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS FOR CONVERTING MOTION
Year: 1872

page_text: .
LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
.
& Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS FOR CONVERTING
MOTION." A communication from abroad by Andrew B. Hendryx
and Albert William Webster, both of Ansonia, in the County of
New Haven and State of Connecticut, United States of America.
'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd March 1872.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS FOR CON-
VERTING MOTION," a communication to me from abroad by Andrew B.
Hendryx and Albert William Webster, both of Ansonia, in the County

page_text: of New Haven and State of Connecticut, United States of America, to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements for converting rotary into
reciprocating movement, and for convenience of illustration I show it in
Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying Drawings as applied to a power
press for swaging purposes, it being peculiarly applicable for this
purpose where rapid and short strokes are required.
The Invention consists in the arrangement of a toothed wheel within
an internally toothed wheel or plate of larger dimensions and eccentric to
the said first-named toothed wheel, so that the two will engage at one
point only, the one revolving upon a fixed centre, imparting to the other
revolving upon a movable centre a corresponding rotary movement and
at the same time a reciprocating movement, as more fully hercin-after
described.
In the Drawings Fig. 1 is a front view; Fig. 2, a vertical 'central
section; Fig. 3, a diagram, enlarged to illustrate the operation; Figs. 4.
and 5, diagrams showing a modification of this Invention.
A is the frame of the press of any common construction; B is the
driving shaft, arranged in bearings B', and to which power is applied
through a pulley C or otherwise; D is the slide, which moves freely up a
and down in suitable guides as in common power presses, this slide being
in connection with the die holder E to cause the die F to work up and
down upon the fixed die G.
On the shaft B a toothed wheel H is arranged, and on the slide an
internally toothed wheel or plate I is arranged of larger diameter than a
the wheel H and eccentric thereto, the wheel H being in such relative
position to the plate I as to work within the said plate, as seen in the
Drawings, so that in revolving the teeth of the wheel H will engage the
corresponding teeth or notches in the plate I and cause that to revolve.
At some convenient point a spring L is arranged of sufficient power to a
raise the slide. This revolution of the wheel H and plate I will be
explained by reference to Fig. 3, as there represented in solid lines the
teeth 1, 2, of the wheel H lic in corresponding recesses 11, 2¹, of the
wheel or plate I, the said two recesses and teeth in this position being
equidistant from a vertical line through the centre of the two wheels. ;
The wheel H revolving will in consequence of the engagement of the
teeth cause the plate I also to revolve, and as the plate I is held up

page_text: against the wheel the tooth 2 advancing (the revolution being in the
direction of the arrow) it approaches the centre or vertical line on the
line a, that being the circumferential line from the centre of or in the
path of the wheel H. The plate I being eccentric to the wheel H and
revolving, its natural circumferential line or path would be d, but as the
bearing of the wheel H is fixed and that of the wheel I movable the
wheel H will carry the plate I down in the path of the wheel H or upon
the line a, as denoted in broken lines Fig. 3, from that point rising
again until the tooth 2 takes the place of the tooth 1 and the tooth 3 the
place of the tooth 2 in a new recess or tooth of the wheel I, and so con-
tinuing, each tooth of the wheel H making a depression of the plate I
and consequently of. the slide to which it is attached. By this construc-
tion great rapidity of action may be attained, the transition from the
rotary motion of the wheel H to reciprocating motion of the slide being
extremely easy. The plate I is represented as fixed to the slide and the
wheel H upon a fixed bearing, but it will be observed that these con-
ditions may be reversed with reversed results, that is, the plate I may be
revolved upon a fixed centre and working upon the wheel H on the slide
or movable centre will impart to the wheel H the same reciprocating
movement before described as imparted to the plate, and by increasing
the size of the wheel I two or more wheels H may be applied to the
inside of the plate I, operating in like manner.
If two wheels are used, by which means the spring may be dispensed
with, it will be necessary that there be an odd number of recesses upon
the internal diameter in order that the two teeth of one wheel engage as
described for the teeth 1 and 2 in Fig. 3, while on the other wheel only
one tooth engages. In such case one tooth carries the slide in one
direction, the other two having permitted such movement, and the other
two as they advance engage first one tooth on one wheel and two on the
other, then two on one and one on the other.
While illustrating this Invention as applied to power presses it will be
readily seen by those familiar with mechanical movements that this may
be applied to other purposes.
A modification of this Invention is shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in which
instead of the inner toothed wheel a slide or slides with a smooth faced
wheel is used. I is the wheel plate or ring, the inner surface of which
has alternate projections 1, 3, 5, &c., more or less in number, forming

page_text: recesses 2, 4, 6, &c., between them. Within this circle one or more
slides D are arranged in a head A, here represented as two slides, the
outer end of each slide fitted with a smooth faced wheel B, and provided
with springs d or other suitable device for forcing the two slides
asunder, they standing at their greatest distance apart when in the
recesses, as seen in Fig. 1, then when the ring I is turned, or it may be
the head A which carries the slides, the wheels in the ends of the
slide pass freely on to the projections, as denoted in Fig. 5, forcing the
slides to approach each other; passing over this projection into
the next recess they open and are closed by the next projection,
and so on.
It will be observed that it is immaterial whether the ring I rotates and
the head A remains stationary, or whether the head A revolves and the
ring remains stationary. If, as in the first illustration, the ring I be
attached to the slide, or is the connection with the thing to which the
reciprocating movement is to be imparted, and made to revolve, then the
reciprocating motion would be imparted by employing one of the slides
only, and that one stationary, say as in the position of the lower slide in
Fig. 1, the ring revolving would, as the projection came upon the
wheel B, be forced downward, rising as the recess approached the
wheel B. In such case a spring would be employed for the reaction, as
in the first illustration; or to make the motion positive and dispense
with the spring, the projections and recesses should be an odd number
and two wheels employed, one above and the other below, but stationary,
and so that when a recess was upon one a projection would be upon the
other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,

page_text: In the Drawings Figure 1 is a front view; Figure 2, a vertical central
section; Figure 3, a diagram, enlarged to illustrate the operation; and
Figures 4 and 5, diagrams shewing a modification of this Invention.
A is the frame of the press of any common construction; B is the
driving shaft, arranged in bearings B, and to which power is applied
through a pulley c or otherwise; D is the slide, which moves freely up
and down in suitable guides, as in common power presses, this slide
being in connection with the die holder E to cause the die F to work up
and down upon the fixed die G. On the shaft B a toothed wheel H is
arranged and on the slide an internally toothed wheel or plate I is
arranged, of larger diameter than the wheel H and eccentric thereto, the
wheel H being in such relative position to the plate I as to work within
the said plate, as seen in the Drawings, so that in revolving the teeth of
the wheel H will engage the corresponding teeth or notches in the
plate I and cause that to revolve. At some convenient point a spring L
is arranged of sufficient power to raise the slide. This revolution of the
wheel H and plate I will be explained by reference to Figure 3. As there
represented in solid lines the teeth 1, 2, of the wheel H lic in corre-
sponding recesses 1, 2, of the wheel or plate I, the said two recesses
and teeth in this position being equidistant from a vertical line through
the centre of the two wheels. The wheel H revolving will, in con-
sequence of the engagement of the teeth, cause the plate I also to
revolve, and as the plate I is held up against the wheel H, the tooth 2
advancing (the revolution being in the direction of the arrow), it
approaches the centre or vertical line on the line a, that being the cir-
cumferential line from the centre of or in the path of the wheel H. The
plate I being eccentric to the wheel H, and revolving, its natural cir-
cumferential line or path would be d, but as the bearing of the wheel H
is fixed, and that of the wheel I moveable, the wheel H will carry the
plate I down in the path of the wheel H or upon the line a, as denoted
in broken lines, Figure 3, from that point, rising again until the tooth 2
takes the place of the tooth 1, and the tooth 3 the place of the tooth 2 in
a new recess or tooth of the wheel I, and so continuing, each tooth of
the wheel H making a depression of the plate I, and consequently of
the slide to which it is attached. By this construction great rapidity of
action may be attained, the transition from the rotary motion of the
wheel H to reciprocating motion of the slide being extremely easy.
The plate I is represented as fixed to the slide and the wheel H upon a

page_text: fixed bearing, but it will be observed that these conditions may be
reversed with reversed results, that is, the plate I may be revolved upon
a fixed centre, and working upon the wheel H on the slide or moveable
centre will impart to the wheel H the same reciprocating movement
before described as imparted to the plate, and by increasing the size of
the wheel I two or more wheels H may be applied to the inside of the
plate I, operating in like manner.
If two wheels are used, by which means the spring may be dispensed
with, it will be necessary that there be an odd number of recesses upon
the internal diameter, in order that the two teeth of one wheel engage as
described for the teeth 1 and 2 in Figure 3, while on the other wheel only
one tooth engages.
In such case one tooth carries the slide in one
direction, the other two having permitted such movement, and the other
two as they advance engage first one tooth on one wheel and two on the
other, then two on one and one on the other.
While illustrating this Invention as applied to power presses it will be
readily seen by those familiar with mechanical movements that this may
be applied to other purposes.
A modification of this Invention is shown in Figures 4 and 5, in which
instead of the inner toothed wheel a slide or slides with a smooth faced
wheel is used.
I is the wheel plate or ring, the inner surface of which has alternate
projections 1, 3, 5, &c., more or less in number, forming recesses 2, 4, 6,
&c., between them. Within this circle one or more slides D aro
arranged in a head A, here represented as two slides, the outer end of
each slide fitted with a smooth faced wheel B, and provided with
springs d or other suitable device for forcing the two slides asunder, they
standing at their greatest distance apart when in the recesses, as seen in
Figure 1, then when the ring I is turned, or it may be the head A which
carries the slides, the wheels in the ends of the slide pass freely on to the
projections, as denoted in Figure 5, forcing the slides to approach cach
other; passing over this projection into the next récess they open, and
are closed by the next projection, and so on.
་
It will be observed that it is immaterial whether the ring I rotates
and the head A remains stationary, or whether the head A revolves and
the ring remains stationary. If, as in the first illustration, the ring I be
attached to the slide, or is the connection with the thing to which the

page_text: reciprocating movement is to be imparted, and made to revolve, then the
reciprocating motion would be imparted by employing one of the slides
only, and that one stationary, say, as in the position of the lower slide
in Figure 1; the ring revolving would, as the projection came upon the
wheel B, be forced downward, rising as the recess approached the
wheel B. In such case a spring would be employed for the reaction, as
in the first illustration; or to make the motion positive and dispense
with the spring, the projections and recesses should be an odd number,
and two wheels employed, one above and the other below, but stationary,,
and so that when a recess was upon one a projection would be upon the
other.
Having now described the said Invention, I claim,―
First. The arrangement of a toothed wheel H and an internally
toothed wheel I of larger internal diameter than the external diameter
of the toothed wheel, the said wheel I being arranged eccentric to the
wheel, H, so that the two will engage at but one point, the one revolving
upon a fixed centre and the other moveable, whereby a reciprocating
movement is imparted from the fixed to the moveable, substantially as
described.
Second. The ring I with its alternate projections and recesses com-
bined with the slides D, D, more or less in number, within the said ring,
so that by rotating either the ring or the head a reciprocating movement
would be imparted to the said slides, substantially as described.
Third. In combination with the ring I having alternate projections
and recesses I claim the internal bearings D, one or both, and stationary,
whereby a reciprocating movement would be imparted to the said
rotating ring, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of September
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.