Improvements in Buffer and other Springs Constructed with India Rubber.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 18th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 28th Jan., 1887.
Improvements in Buffer and other Springs Constructed with
India Rubber.
I, ALFRED GEORGE SPENCER, of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In some kinds of india rubber springs, for examples such as described in the
specifications of previous patents granted to George Spencer No. 168 A.D. 1866 and
No. 758 A.D. 1877 and others, the stroke is limited by cup rings, cup plates or nozzles
or in some cases by a combination of such parts.
With springs of such kinds as ordinarily constructed, if full compression should
suddenly occur, so that there is contact of cup plates or of cup rings with one another
or with end or dividing plates or of nozzles with plates, shocks are liable to result and
my present invention is designed to obviate breakage and to relieve or lessen the
severity of the shock communicated to. the body of the vehicle or other object to
which the spring is applied. For this purpose I provide such springs with supple-
mentary springs or elastic parts in such a manner that even should contact of metallic
parts occur there will be a reserve of elasticity to counteract or take up the consequent
shock or shocks, as I will now more particularly explain by aid of the accompanying
sheet of illustrative drawings which is annexed to admit of a more clear understanding
of the nature of my invention according to some modifications it may assume and
not as fully shewing all the arrangements under which I may carry it into practical
effect.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a spring in which the stroke is limited by means
of a cup plate a. b. b are washers of india-rubber so arranged that any shocks
which are more than sufficient to make the embedded cup plate a meet the metal
plates c. c will be relieved by the said washers b. b.
Fig 2 is a longitudinal section of a spring provided with two cupped end plates a. a
for limiting the stroke and with india-rubber washers b. b arranged to act in a
similar manner to that above explained.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a spring in which two cupped plates a. a are
embedded in the india rubber d and are separated by a portion of the same 6 which
serves to relieve shocks in the manner described in reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 4 illustrates an application of any invention to a spring with embedded
plates a. a with nozzles ff surrounding the rod g for the purpose of limiting the
stroke. The india-rubber between the plates a. a acts to relieve shocks as in the
other arrangements.
W. LLOYD WIDE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Buffer and other Springs Constructed with
India Rubber.
I, ALFRED GEORGE SPENCER, of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In some kinds of india-rubber springs for examples such as described in the
specifications of previous patents granted to George Spencer No. 168 A.D. 1866 and
No. 758 A.D. 1877 and others, the stroke is limited by cup rings cup plates or nozzles
or in some cases by a combination of such parts.
With springs of the kinds referred to as ordinarily constructed if full compression
should suddenly occur, so that there is contact of cup or dividing plates or of cup
rings with one another or with end or dividing plates or of nozzles with plates
shocks are liable to result and my present invention is designed to obviate breakage
and to relieve or lessen the severity of the shock communicated to the body of the
vehicle or other object to which the spring is applied. For this purpose I provide
such springs with supplementary springs or elastic parts of suitable material such as
india rubber in such a manner that even should contact of metallic parts occur there will
be a reserve of elasticity to counteract or take up the consequent shock or shocks as
I will now more particularly explain by aid of the accompanying sheet of illustrative
drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a spring in which two perforated cupped
plates A A with nozzles B B are embedded in the parts CC of the india-rubber and
are separated by a portion D of the same which portion serves to relieve shocks as
aforesaid on the outer rims of the cupped plates A_A_and the nozzles B B meeting
the end or dividing plates E E. The nozzles B B may be dispensed with as
shown in Fig. 2, in which case the outer rims of the cupped plates are alone employed
to limit the stroke of the spring. The arrangement here illustrated may in some
cases be modified by making the india-rubber to fit the rod F instead of leaving a clear
space G G around it as shown.
Fig. 3 illustrates an application of my invention according to which the nozzles B B
on the embedded perforated plates A¹ A¹ are alone employed to limit the stroke of the
spring. CC is the india-rubber, D the portion thereof that serves to relieve shocks as
aforesaid, and E E are the end plates.
Fig. 4 shows an application of my invention according to which the stroke is
limited by cupped dividing or end plates such as E or E, the portion D of india-
rubber between the perforated embedded plates A2 A² serving to relieve shocks as
aforesaid. Two end plates such as E² may be used instead of one of each kind as
shown according to requirement, and instead of a single dividing cupped plate E¹, two
plates such as E placed back to back may be substituted.
Fig. 5 shows my invention applied to a form of spring in which the stroke is limited
by cupped end or dividing plates E2 E2, shocks on the said plates being relieved by

page_text: washers of india-rubber D D. Where a series of such springs is used, one of the
plates H can be replaced by a cupped plate similar to E², the rim being turned towards
the next spring of the series.
Fig. 6 shows my invention applied to a spring with embedded perforated cupped
plate A3 made according to the specification of George Spencer's Patent No. 758 of
1877, E3 and H being plates separated by washers of india-rubber D D to relieve
shocks as aforesaid.
My invention as thus illustrated may be applied also in a spring in which instead of
the cupped plate A³ moulded into the india-rubber C there is used a ring forced into
a groove in the india-rubber as described in the specification of George Spencer's
Patent No. 168 of 1866.
Instead of using embedded perforated plates such as shown in the previously
described examples, and one form of which is partly represented in face view in
Fig. 7, separate embedded plates can be used, one example of which is partly shown
in face view in Fig. 8, the one embedded plate I surrounding the rod after the
manner of a nozzle, and the other plate K being embedded in the outer cir-
cumference of the india-rubber C. Springs with embedded plates such as described
in reference to Fig. 8, but in other respects the same as described in reference to
Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, are correctly illustrated in longitudinal section by Figs. 1, 2, 3,
and 4. In some cases it may be convenient to use cupped plates K without nozzle
plates I. The supplementary springs D may be separate from the springs C in other
arrangements than those.in which they are so shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner it is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In springs such as referred to above constructed with india-rubber and metallic
plates providing supplementary springs or elastic parts such as D arranged in relation
to the said plates in such a manner as to relieve shocks substantially as hereinabove
described.
2. Springs constructed with india-rubber metallic plates and supplementary springs
or clastic parts as hercinabove described with reference respectively to and shown in
Fig. 1; Fig. 2; Fig. 3; Fig. 4; Fig. 5; and Fig. 6 of the drawings annexed, or
modified as set forth.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.