Improvements in Filters, specially applicable to Feed Water Filters.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filters, specially applicable to Feed Water Filters.
We, HENRY BURNETT WATSON, JOHN STANLEY WATSON, and TORBEN CHRISTIAN
BILLETOP, all of High Bridge Works, in the City and County of Newcastle-on-
Tyne, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to filters applicable generally to the filtration of
fluids, but specially applicable to the filtration of feed water for steam generators.
A filter constructed according to our invention, comprises broadly an outer
casing fitted with suitable pipe connections and valves and passages, a pair of
diaphragms held within the casing, one near each end thereof, and a set of filtering
frames arranged between the diaphragms and forming supports for the filtering
medium.
The casing is preferably of circular cross-section, and assuming for facility of
description that its axis is vertical, its upper end is closed by a removable cover
which forms a cavity above the adjacent or upper diaphragm; the other end of the
casing is made with a double bottom, and the lower diaphragm is attached to the
Inner bottom which is dished so as to leave a cavity below the diaphragm.
The filtering frames, which are suitably located between the diaphragms, con-
sist of a series of perforated frames of circular, elliptical, rectangular, square or
other suitable cross-section, round which the filtering medium is secured, and
they may be arranged singly or in cartridges of two, three or more placed one
inside the other, so as to subject the fluid to single, double or multiple filtration
according to the degree that it has to be purified. The interior of each cartridge
communicates with both of the cavities, before referred to, through openings in
the diaphragms, and these cavities also communicate with each other through
pipes which may be arranged either within or external to the casing as may be
more convenient.
The usual mountings, and inlet, bye-pass and outlet valves are provided, and
the action is as follows:-
The fluid enters by the inlet valve into the space between the inner and outer
bottoms; thence it passes into the space surrounding the filtering cartridges
between the diaphragms, preferably through an annular space between the edge
of the lower diaphragm and the side of the casing, by which means it is well
distributed around the whole of the filtering surfaces. It then percolates through
the filtering medium into the interiors of the cartridges, and is discharged at
each end of the latter through the holes in the diaphragms into the cavities
before referred to. By means of the communication pipes between these cavities,
the fluid is collected in one or other of the latter, and ultimately leaves the
apparatus through the outlet valve.
The casing may be gradually contracted towards the filtering frames at the
cover end, with the view of reducing the size of the latter, and although we have
described the casing as of circular form and arranged vertically, it may of course
be modified both as to form and position to suit circumstances.

page_text: It will be noted that the fluid after percolating into the interiors of the
cartridges has a free outlet at each end of the latter, and we find that by the
arrangements described, the efficiency of filters is considerably increased without
any increase of space or weight.
Dotad this 07th day of Tunn 1900
We, HENRY BURNETT WATSON, JOHN STANLEY WATSON, and TORBEN CIURISTIAN
BILLETOP, all of High Bridge Works, in the City and County of Newcastle-on-
Tyne, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:--
This invention has reference to apparatus for filtering fluids, and is specially
applicable to apparatus for filtering feed water for steam generators, and for
extracting grease from exhaust steam.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. I is an elevation, in medial section, of a
feed water filter, Fig. II is a plan in section through the valves, and Fig. III is
a plan, partly in section, of the filter case.
Fig. IV is an elevation, partly in longitudinal section, and Fig. V a plan partly
in transverse section, showing the arrangement when change cocks are fitted.
Figs. VI and VII illustrate our invention applied to an exhaust grease
extractor, Fig. VI being an elevation in medial section, and Fig. VII an end
view partly in transverse section.
Referring in the first instance to Figs. I to III, 1 is the casing, preferably of
circular cross-section, in which is fitted a bottom diaphragm 2 covering a false
bottom 3 which communicates, through the outlet valve 4, with the outlet 5.
The inlet 6 communicates through the inlet valve 7 with the space 8 which,
through the annular opening 9, communicates with the interior of the casing 1.
The casing contains a number of perforated filtering frames 10 each of which
may have inner frames 11 and 12 arranged concentrically. The filtering
medium 13 is supported by and secured to the frames and the latter are held
between the bottom diaphragm 2 and an upper diaphragm 14. The interiors of
the frames communicate through openings 15 and 16, in the diaphragms 2 and -14
respectively, with the spaces 17 and 18, which latter spaces are also connected
together by the pipe 19 which, unlike the filtering frames, is not perforated.
Access to the filter is obtained by means of the cover 20 which is detachably
secured to the casing in any convenient manner. The valve 21, which is shown
integral with the valve 7, forms a by-pass valve by means of which, when the
valves 4 and 7 are closed and the filter shut off, communication is established
between the inlet and outlet.
In Figs. IV and V the control of the flow is effected in a somewhat different
manner-two cocks, an inlet cock 22 and an outlet cock 23, are fitted, and the
passage ways in their plugs are so arranged that, in addition to forming inlet
and outlet cocks, they can be turned so as to by-pass the fluid from the inlet to
the outlet through the communicating passage 24.
In Figs. VI and VII the valves are arranged axially, instead of side by side as
in Figs. I to III, and the casing is provided with diverting or baffle plates 1ª

page_text: and 1b, the inlet being, in this construction, arranged laterally as shown. In
other respects the filter is similar to that already described.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
Dealing first with Figs. I to III, the fluid under pressure enters by the inlet
pipe 6 and through the valve 7 to the casing 1; it then passes at a very low
speed through the filtering medium 13 on the various frames to the interior of
the frames. The filtered fluid from the interior of the frames is discharged at
both ends thereof through the diaphragm openings into the spaces 17 and 18,
that portion which enters the upper space 18 being led back by the pipe 19 to
the space 17 from which space the filtered fluid passes to the outlet.
In the filter illustrated in Figs. VI and VII, where exhaust steam is dealt with,
the special form of the inlet directs the exhaust in a zig zag path round the baffle
plates 1 and 1b and the greater part of the oil coated particles impinge against
the walls and drain into the casing, the grease being extracted in passing the
filtering media, the remainder of the exhaust passing through the frames in the
usual manner.
Although the invention has been described in reference to feed water filters
and exhaust grease extractors, it is evident that it is, with slight modifications,
also applicable to filters for extracting sand, mud, and other impurities, and
that, moreover, the frames may be so arranged as to effect either single or
multiple filtration.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The improved filter comprising a casing in which the filter frames are
supported between two diaphragms in each of which there are openings through
which the interiors of the frames communicate, at the one end with a space
above the top diaphragm, and at the other end with a space formed by a false
bottom communicating with the outlet, the two said spaces being also in com-
munication through a pipe such as 19; substantially as described and illustrated.
2. In a filter, in combination; the casing, the filtering frames, the diaphragms,
the false bottom connecting the openings in the lower diaphragm with the outlet,
and the tube 19 connecting the openings in the upper diaphragm with the outlet;
substantially as described and illustrated.
3. In a filter in which the end diaphragms are each provided with openings
communicating with the interiors of the filtering frames, the use of a central
tube such as 19 to connect the space above the top diaphragm to the interior of a
false bottom which connects the openings in the bottom diaphragm to the outlet;
substantially as described and illustrated.
4. The improved filter; substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. I
to III.
5. The improved filter; substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. I
to III with the modification of the valves as shown in Figs. IV and V.
6. The improvement in filters which consists in constructing and arranging the
valves and inlet, as shown in Figs. VI and VII, so as to form the baffle plates 1ª
and 1b; substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 28th day of October 1899.
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Chartered Patent Agents, 34, Castle Street, Liverpool.