Improvements in or Connected with "Steam-jet" Apparatus for Water Circulation, Water Heating, and similar Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Apr., 1889-Accepted, 15th June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with "Steam-jet" Apparatus for
Water Circulation, Water Heating, and similar Purposes.
1, WILLIAM BRUCE CUMMING, of 10 Merton Grove, Bootle, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows
The types of apparatus to which this Invention relates are those which have for
their object the circulation or heating of water by injection into it of steam, also the
providing of means for obtaining a silent action under all conditions where steam is
passed, or conducted into water. Apparatus of this kind are variously termed
steam jets,"
," "water circulators," "exhaust steam feed heaters," "silent blow off,"
"steam jet water heaters" and so forth.
According to this Invention the apparatus is provided with a steam inlet and
nozzle a water or other liquid inlet, an air inlet and a delivery pipe or orifice and
these parts are so arranged that when the steam is turned on and the apparatus
put in action the steam forces the water or other liquid out of the delivery orifice
whereupon fresh liquid is drawn in through the liquid inlet and air is simultaneously
drawn through the air inlet, which become mixed and ejected together by the steam
into the water or other liquid to be heated or circulated. The function of the air
is to cause the combined fluids in leaving the delivery orifice to do so without noise.
If the apparatus be used as a heater and circulator for baths or other like or
equivalent applications the delivery orifice may be conveniently affixed on or near the
bottom thereof, the supply water inlet being also connected with the receptacle;
and so long as the supply of steam is maintained and water or other liquid is kept
in the receptacle a noiseless and complete circulation of the liquid is maintained, the
noiselessness being due to the air as above stated.
When the apparatus is used as a "feed water heater" for boilers it may
be con-
veniently connected to the side of a feed water tank, and the steam and air (which
may be the exhaust steam from a steam engine) being supplied as above set forth; the
action being also similar to that already described.
In applying the apparatus as a "silent blow off" on a ship, it is fixe: to the
ships side or bottom, or connected thereto by means of a pipe or pipes fitted with a
sea valve or valves if required to suit existing arrangements.
By mounting the apparatus as above described that is, to the outside of a bath or
other receptacle no internal projections exist and therefore the absence of internal
projections is secured. And by the arrangement of parts as herein described a complete
circulation of the fluid is effected and rendered automatic, and all without shock, or
jar and with a minimum of noise.
Dated this 6th day of Tulu 1000
WILLIAM BRUCE CUMMING.
By. Cheesbrough & Royston, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with "Steam-jet Apparatus" for
Water Circulation, Water Heating, and similar Purposes.
1, WILLIAM BRUCE CUMMING, of 10 Merton Grove, Bootle in the County of
*Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The types of apparatus to, which this Invention relates are those which have for

page_text: their object the circulation or heating of water by injection into it of steam, also the
providing of means for obtaining a silent action under all conditions where steam is
passed, or conducted into water. Apparatus of this kind are variously termed "steam-
jets."
""water circulators," "exhaust steam feed heaters," "silent blow off," "steam-jet
water heaters" and so forth.
According to this Invention the apparatus is provided with a steam inlet or nozzle,
a water or other liquid inlet, an air inlet and a delivery pipe or orifice and these
parts are so arranged that when the steam is turned on and the apparatus put in
action the steam forces the water or other liquid out of the delivery orifice whereupon
fresh liquid is drawn in through the liquid inlet and air is simultaneously drawn
through the air inlet which become mixed and ejected together by the steam into
the water or other liquid to be heated or circulated. The function of the air is to
cause the combined fluids in leaving the delivery orifice to do so without noise.
If the apparatus be used as a heater and circulator for baths or other like or
equivalent applications the delivery orifice may be conveniently affixed on or near
the bottom thereof, the supply water inlet being also connected with the receptacle;
and so long as the supply of steam is maintained, and water or other liquid is kept in
the receptacle, a noiseless and complete circulation of the liquid is maintained, the noise-
lessness being due to the air as above stated.
When the apparatus is used as a "feed water heater "for boilers it may be
conveniently connected to the side of a feed water tank, and the steam and air (which
may be the exhaust steam from a steam engine) being supplied as above set forth,
the action being also similar to that already described.
In applying the apparatus as a "silent blow off" on a ship, it is fixed to the
ship's side or bottom, or connected thereto by means of a pipe or pipes fitted with a
sea valve or valves if required to suit existing arrangements.
Having thus generally described the object, nature and effects of the invention I
will now proceed to describe it with reference to the sheet of accompanying drawings.
The example of apparatus which I have illustrated is an arrangement, and construction
of parts according to this invention applied to a bath, in which it is to serve as a
means of heating the water. In the various Figures the same parts are designated
by the same letters, and they correspond with those used in the following explanation
of the example.
Figure 1 shows the injector or jet device in sectional plan; Figure 2 shows it in
elevation; and Figures 3 and 4 show the appliance and arrangement of pipes con-
nected with it, applied to a bath, in elevation and plan respectivel
With reference to the drawings a designates the jet device generally, and b
denotes the bath. c is the steam supply pipe having a controlling cock c¹ thereon;
d is a delivery pipe (its end constituting a nozzle) within the neck d' of the devico, a,
by which the steam is conducted and caused to issue in the form of a jet or spray;
e is a branch adapted to be connected to the side (or bottom) of the bath and to
conduct the water therefrom to the device a; f is the pipe through which air is
I conducted into the device a; h is a passage or chamber within the jet device in
which the streams of steam, water, and air, ramify and become mixed ; and i is the
pipe by which the fluids ejected or forced from the jet device a are conducted to
the end of the bath.
In action when the steam is "turned on »
at the cock c¹, it issues from the pipe d
drawing in water from the bath through the branch e, and air through the pipe f
all three being forced into the passage or chamber h. Here, and also in travelling
to the delivery pipe the greater portion of the excess of heat of the steam passes to
the water its temperature thereby becoming raised. As the fluids flow into the bath
from the pipe i they do so practically noiselessly, this being due, as above stated, to
the presence of air, and thus by a continuance of the action, the whole body of water
in the bath may become quickly and silently raised to the temperature required.
In Figure 1, in dotted lines, the passage h is shown turned towards the side,
namely, similarly to the branch e; this illustrates the construction of the jet apparatus
in cases where it is desired and expedient to deliver the fluid, forced by the

page_text: apparatus, directly into the bath, instead of conducting it by a delivery pipe i, to a
part of the bath other than that to or near which the apparatus is fixed.
The apparatus above described is a water heater and it is evident that with a
suitable form of water containing vessel in practically the same arrangement or
combination, it can be adapted to serve as a feed water heater to a steam generator
and other analogous purposes.
By mounting the apparatus above described that is to the outside of a bath or
other receptacle the absence of internal projections is secured. And by the arrange-
ment of parts herein described a complete circulation of the fluid is effected and
rendered automatic, and all without shock, or jar and with a minimum of noise.
Having now particularly described. and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
-
·
1. A steam-jet apparatus for circulating and heating water, and other analogous
purposes, constructed and operating substantially as described, that is to say, an
apparatus comprising a steam delivery pipe (or nozzle); a branch or passage adapted
to be applied to or in connection with the side of the vessel containing the water to
be heated, circulated, or moved; a pipe or channel by which air is admitted to the
apparatus; and a passage or chamber in which these fluids combine or mix and
the water becomes heated, and from which they are delivered from the apparatus.
2. The improvement substantially as herein described connected with steam jet
apparatus consisting in the combination of said jet apparatus and a bath (or other
vessel) wherein the apparatus is placed outside said bath (or other vessel) and com-
municates with the interior thereof by a pipe or passage, through which water is
conducted to said apparatus and pipe or passage by which the fluids flowing or
forced from said apparatus are delivered into the bath (or other vessel); for purposes
such as specified.
3. The improved mode of heating the water of baths by steam jet apparatus sub-
stantially as herein described, consisting in causing water to be drawn from the body
of water in a bath to the outside, by a jet of steam, and heating it by said steam
outside the bath, and then returning said heated water by a suitable pipe or passage
back to the water in the bath.
4. The combination and construction of parts, substantially as set forth with
reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, consisting of a steam jet pipe or
nozzle d, air pipe f, water branch e, and passage or chamber ; operating as
described.
5. The combination of parts substantially as set forth with reference to Figures 3
and 4 of the drawings, consisting of jet apparatus a, bath b, steam pipe c, air pipe /,
water inlet branch e, heated water return pipe or branch h; operating as described.
A
XICO MISIRIWAY U AKOY
WILLIAM BRUCE CUMMING.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents.
WILLIAM BRUCE CUMMING.
By Cheesbrough & Royston,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents.