IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN LAMPS OR LANTERNS, SO THAT EITHER CANDLES OR OIL MAY BE USED THEREIN WITH FACILITY
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fuller Boake, of the City of Dublin, Lampist
to the Great Southern and Western Railway Company of Ireland, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN LAMPS OR
LANTERNS, SO THAT EITHER CANDLES OR OIL MAY BE USED THEREIN WITH
FACILITY."
Sealed the 2nd May 1854, and dated the 12th January 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fuller Boake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
January 1854.
I, JOHN FULLER BOAKE, of the City of Dublin, Lampist to the Great Southern
and Western Railway Company of Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN LAMPS OR
LANTERNS, SO THAT EITHER CANDLES OR OILS MAY BE USED THEREIN WITH FACILITY,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates mainly to lamps used on railway trains and commonly
known by the names of tail and side lamps, and consists in the construction of
the lamp
or lantern in such a manner that the oil burner, which is ordinarily
used therein, may be easily removed therefrom, and a candle tube or holder
readily substituted.

page_text: For this purpose an opening is made in the lower part or platform of the
lamp or lantern, in which is fixed a short tube or socket extending below
the said platform, and having a projecting rim on its lower end, into
which tube or socket an ordinary candle tube or holder may be inserted from
below.
On this candle tube is formed a metal ring or band at a suitable distance
from the top of the same in order that, when the candle tube is inserted in the
tube or socket in the lamp or lantern, the said ring or band may be brought
in contact with the rim at the bottom of the said tube or socket, and prevent
the candle tube from being pushed beyond its assigned distance into the lamp
or lantern.
The candle tube or holder is furnished with a spring catch, which is made
to catch upon the upper surface of the rim on the socket as soon as the ring
on the candle tube or roller has been brought against the lower surface of the
said rim, and by this means the candle tube will be held firmly in its required
position in the socket.
The lamp or lantern is furnished with feet or supports (one at each corner)
projecting beyond the bottom thereof a greater distance than the tube or socket,
so that the lamp may be conveniently placed on the ground when the candle
tube is out of it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Fuller Boake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
FULLER BOAKE, of the City of Dublin, Lampist to the Great Southern and
Western Railway Company of Ireland, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Fuller Boake, Her special licence that I, the said John Fuller
Boake, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Fuller Boake, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN LAMPS OR LANTERNS, SO THAT EITHER CANDLES OR OIL
MAY BE USED THEREIN WITH FACILITY," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Fuller Boake, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Fuller Boake, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to
the letters and figures inarked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in and applicable to certain Lamps or
Lanterns, so that either Candles or Oil may be used therein with Facility,"
relates mainly to lamps used on railway trains and commonly known by the
names of tail and side lamps, and consists in the construction of the lamp or
lantern in such a manner that the oil burner which is ordinarily used therein
may be easily removed therefrom, and a candle tube or holder readily sub-
stituted, and so that the candle tube or holder may be removed and the oil
burner replaced as occasion may require.
For this purpose an opening is made in the lower part or platform of the
lamp or lantern in which is fixed a short tube or socket extending below the
platform, and having a projecting rim on its lower end into which tube or
socket an ordinary candle tube is inserted from below. On this candle tube is
formed a metal ring or band at a suitable distance from the top of the same in
order that when the candle tube is inserted in the tube or socket in the lamp
or lantern, the said ring or band may be brought in contact with the rim at the
bottom of the said tube or socket, and prevent the candle tube from being
pushed beyond its assigned distance into the lamp or lantern.
The candle tube or holder is furnished with a spring catch which is made to
catch upon the upper surface of the rim on the socket as soon as the ring on.
the candle tube has been brought against the lower surface of the said rim,,
and by this means the candle tube will be held firmly in its required position in
the socket.

page_text: The lamp or lantern is furnished with feet or other suitable supports, same
projecting beyond the bottom of the lamp or lantern a greater distance than.
the tube or socket, so that the lamp may be conveniently placed on the ground
when the candle tube is out of it.
In order, however, that my Invention may be fully understood. I will describe
it more particularly by reference to the accompanying Drawings and the figures
and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of a tail lamp of a railway train shewn with the
door open, and the candle tube in its place. Fig. 2 represents the candle
tube with its spring catch removed from the lamp or lantern. A is the lamp
or lantern; B is the door of the same; C, the ordinary red glass or eye of the
lamp; D, the ordinary reflector; E, the platform; F, the socket into which
the candle tube G is to be inserted; fis the rim on the bottom of the socket,
and 9. the band or ring on the candle tube; .H is the spring catch; I, I, are
feet on which the lanp or lantern may stand when the candle tube is out
of it.
When an oil burner has been in use in the lantern, and has become exhausted,
or has failed from any other cause, the same can be withdrawn from the plat-
form E, of the lantern A, and the candle tube G (with its candle) inserted into
the socket F, from below, and pushed upwards until the ring or band g comes
in contact with the rim f, on the bottom of the socket, when the flame of the
candle will be directly between the centre of the glass C, and that of the
reflector D of the lamp, and the candle tube is retained in this position by
means of the spring catch H; the ueb or beak of which having been passed
over the rim f, by compressing the spring, catches on the upper surface of
the rim f, and is held in its position by the reaction of the said spring. When
the candle is burnt out another candle can be supplied in its place, or the candle
tube can be withdrawn by again compressing the spring h', and passing the neb
or beak h, over the rim f, and an oil burner slipped in on the platform E, in
place of such candle tube.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not
mean or intend to confine myself to the precise forms and arrangements of the
parts described, and I would remark that I am aware that oil burners have
been in use in certain lanterns, and that candle tubes have also been in use in
other lanterns.
But what I claim as of my Invention is,-
The construction of lamps or lanterns in such a manner that either an

page_text: oil burner or a candle tube may be used therein at pleasure, and the
one substituted for the other with certainty and facility, as occasion may
require.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fuller Boake, have hereunto sub-
scribed my name and affixed my seal, this Fifth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
require.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fuller Boake, have hereunto sub-
scribed my name and affixed my seal, this Fifth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
in the presence of
THOMAS TRAYNOR,
11, Eccles Lane,
Dublin.
J. F. BOAKE. (LS.)