Improvements in PROVISIONAL Brooders
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1889-Accepted, 24th Aug., 1889
Improvements in
PROVISIONAL
Brooders" or
SPECIFICATION.
"
Rearers or Apparatus for Rearing
the Young of Poultry or Game.
1, WILLIAM JOHN RILEY of Highgate, Kendal, in the County of Westmoreland,
Manufacturer of Poultry & dog appliances, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
«
"
This invention relates to improvements in heating and ventilating the hot air
chamber of the apparatuses known as Brooders" or Rearers" for raising the young
of Poultry and Game after hatched, also in the construction of the several parts of the
"brooder " or "Rearer" and in its general combination.
I construct my hot air chamber with a horizontal. division formning a floor or false
bottom or shelf at a suitable distance from the actual bottom, and upon this the chickens
or young birds rest. 1 perforate the sides of the chamber between this false bottom
or shelf, or the bottom itself may be perforated, for the admission of atmospheric
air; the actual bottom of the chamber supports the source of heat, say an oil or a gas
lamp, the tube or chimney of which passing through the false bottom or shelf rises
into a heater which may consist of a central vertical tube having a number of
horizontal tubes radiating to a connecting tube which may be circular or follow the
shape of the chamber; or this heater may be a single horizontal compartment
extending the whole. width and length of the chamber at a suitable distance from its
false bottom or shelf; and from its top. Escape pipes from the heater pass directly out
of the top or sides of the chamber or into a space between, furnished with ventilating
holes, and I may place any suitable packing above this heater to retain the caloric.
From the opening in the false bottom or shelf through which rises the tube or
chimney of the lamp, and surrounding the same at a suitable distance therefrom, a conical
or other shaped funnel or shade ascends up to within a short distance of the central tube
of the heater, the top of this funnel or shade being preferably slightly curved outward.
I also provide this chamber with a mercury coil or any suitable heat regulator,
operating upon the lamp burner or the gas cock or upon the Escape valves of the
heater. The chamber is further provided with one or more doors or openings for the
passage of the chicks into another compartment of the brooder, and of heated air.
The fresh cold air entering beneath the false bottom or shelf to feed the. lamp, rises
between the lamp chimney and the aforesaid funnel, or shade, and there being no
outlet for this air at the top of the chamber it finds its way out where the chicks
enter, or through apertures especially provided about that level, thus.driving down-
ward the fresh hot air upon the heads of the chicks or young birds. The breath of
the chicks and all foul air is driven out by the pure hot air; all the fumes from the
lamp passing away by the outlets at top of the heater.
Adjoining this hot chamber I provide a run, preferably with a glass side, this
compartiment communicating with another having a side preferably of wire netting
and open at bottom so as to leave the chicks a run upon grass, if any, beneath the
brooder, the frame being so made that the chicks cannot escape beneath it. I may
also provide my brooder with wheels raising it from the ground and permitting it to be
easily wheeled from place to place, suitable handles being provided for that purpose.
A single roof may cover the whole apparatus and I may make two sides of the
heated chamber with glass providing shutters to cover same when desired.
Dated this Thonis sirth day of October 1888.

page_text: 56
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
"
Improvements in Brooders" or "Rearers or Apparatus for Rearing
the Young of Poultry or Game.
I, WILLIAM JOHN RILEY of Highgate, Kendal, in the County of Westmoreland,
Manufacturer of Poultry and, Dog appliances, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
This invention relates to improvements in heating and ventilating the hot air
chamber of the apparatuses known as " Brooders or "Rearers "for raising the
young of Poultry and Game after hatched, also in the construction of the several parts
of the "Brooder " or "Rearer" and in its general combination.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing represents a
"Brooder" or "Rearer" embodying
my improvements.
Figure 1. being a front view or elevation of my Improved "Brooder."
Figure 2. sectional plan of the same.
Figure 3. an end elevation.
Figure 4. a transverse section through the heating chamber; and
Figure 5. illustrating a modification of the heater.
A indicates the hot air chamber of my Brooder.
A' an adjoining compartment or run.
B the floor or false bottom of the chamber A.
C the actual bottom of same.
D the lamp or other heat generator.
E perforations for the admission of air.
F the Heater; this may be annular, circular or square.
G inlet or pipe leading into sanie.
g tubes radiating to outer tube F.
Houtlets in heater for the passage of the hot air.
I perforations through which the products of combustion escape from out of the
space above the heater.
K is a metal shade or wire guard for the lamp.
L doors in partition through which the chicks pass into second chamber or run.
M hinged flap for the purpose of closing the openings L.
N is an inclined ladder board leading from the second Chamber to the pen or grass
run O.
O grass run open at bottom and enclosed by wire netting.
P handles attached to rear end of Brooder.
Qwheels attached to front end to facilitate the removal of Brooder.
It will be seen that I construct my hot air chamber A with a horizontal division
forming a floor or false bottom or shelf B at a suitable distance from the actua
bottom C, and upon this the Chickens or young birds rest. The perforations E in the
sides of the chamber between this false bottom or shelf, are for the admission o
atmospheric air, or the bottom itself may be perforated for this purpose; the actua
bottom of the chamber supports the source of heat, say an oil or a gas lamp D, the tube
or chimney of which passing through the false bottom or shelf rises into a heater E
which may consist of a central vertical tube G having a number of horizontal tubes
Figure 5 radiating to a connecting tube F which may be circular or follow the shap
of the chamber; or this heater may be a single horizontal compartment F extending
the whole width and length of the chamber at a suitable distance from its false botton
or shelf B, and from its top. Escape pipes H from the heater pass directly out of the
top or sides of the chamber or into a space between, furnished with ventilating holes
and I may place any suitable packing above this heater to retain the caloric. From
the opening in the false bottom or shelf through which rises the tube or chimney o
the lamp, and surrounding the same at a suitable distance therefrom, a conical o
other shaped funnel or shade K ascends up to within a short distance of the centra

page_text: tube G of the heater F, the top of this funnel or shade being preferably slightly curved
outward. I may provide this chamber with a mercury coil or any suitable heat
regulator, operating upon the lamp burner or the gas cock or upon the escape valves
of the heater, but the chamber being provided with one or more doors L or openings
for the passage of the chicks and of heated air into another compartment of the
Brooder which doorway is always opened the chicks will go through the doorway if too
warm, and a regulator will not be required.
The fresh cold air entering beneath the false bottom or shelf B to feed the lamp, rises as
indicated by the arrow between the lamp chimney and the aforesaid funnel or shade K
and there being no outlet for this air at the top of the chamber it finds its way out by
the doors L where the chicks enter, or through apertures especially provided about
that level, thus driving downward the fresh hot air upon the heads of the chicks or
young birds. The breath of the chicks and all foul air is driven out by the pure hot
air; all the fumes from the lamp passing away by the outlets I at the top of the
heater.
Adjoining this hot chamber I provide a run, preferably with a glass side, this com-
partment communicating with another O having a side preferably of wire netting and
open at bottom so as to leave the chicks a run upon grass, if there is any, beneath the
brooder, the frame being so made that the chicks cannot escape beneath it. By
letting down the hinged flap M the chicks can be secured in the inner chamber during
the moving of the apparatus to fresh ground. I may also provide my Brooder with
wheels raising it from the ground and permitting it to be easily wheeled from place
to place, suitable handles P being provided for that purpose. A single roof may cover
the whole apparatus and I may make two sides of the heated chamber with glass
providing shutters to cover same when desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A Brooder or apparatus for rearing the young of Poultry or game having a hot
air chamber in which the products of combustion from a generator of heat carried on
the bottom of and giving light within the chamber are led into a heater near the top.
of said chamber and from thence to the atmosphere, while atmospheric air entering
the chamber from beneath a false bottom upon which the chickens or young birds rest
passes out of said chamber by doors or openings provided for the passage of the
chicks into an adjoining compartment or run whereby a continuous current of pure
warm air is made to circulate through the Brooder substantially as described.
2. A Brooder or apparatus for rearing the young of poultry or game consisting of a
hot air chamber (A) compartment (A') and run (0) the whole constructed combined
and arranged substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompany-
ing Drawing for the purposes specified.
Dated this Twenty third day of July 1889
For the Applicant,
W. E. GEDGE,
Agent.