and Impure Air from Water-closets, Earth-closets, Priviės, Urinals, Sinks, and the like, and for Cutting Off and Confining Noxious Fumes to One Part of a Building.
Year: 1885

page_text: and Impure Air from Water-closets, Earth-closets, Priviės,
Urinals, Sinks, and the like, and for Cutting Off and
Confining Noxious Fumes to One Part of a Building.
I THOMAS BRECKELL of 2 King Street Waterloo near Liverpool Joiner Builder
and Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for CUTTING OFF
AND CONDUCTING SEWER GAS AND IMPURE AIR FROM WATER-CLOSETS, EARTH-
CLOSETS, PRIVIES, URINALS, SINKS AND THE LIKE AND FOR CUTTING OFF AND
CONFINING NOXIOUS FUMES TO ONE PART OF A BUILDING to be as follows:-
By my invention I entirely cut off or disconnect the inside of the basin or other,
receptacle containing or generating noxious fumes and gases from the room and
the whole of the building by forming air-tight joints between the seat and flap.
and between the basin or receptacle and seat or top with rubber bands which by
being pierced and tubes connected will also provide for a flow of pure air from
outside the building into the said basin or receptacle and the discharge therefrom
to the outside of the building of the foul air and noxious gases generated therein.
My invention also provides for a self acting system which will ensure efficient
working and will prevent any disagreeable sensation whilst in use by means of a
quadrant attached to the flap which when raised will shut off the inlet air shaft.
I also provide against any possibility of leaving the flap or lid open by means of a
lever which will be brought into action when the person leaves the room.
I also provide for clearing the foul air from the room by means of air shaft and
ventilator fixed close to the ceiling which will ensure a flow of air outwards.
Dated this 24th day of Sentombo- 100K

page_text: кон дрица кубыш тот ситишь опади сопсисык Dowor
88
and Impure Air from Waterclosets, Earthclosets, Privies,
Urinals, Sinks, and the like, and for Cutting off and
Confining Noxious Fumes to One Part of a Building.
I THOMAS BRECKELL of 2 King Street Waterloo near Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster Joiner and Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to entirely cut off or disconnect the inside of the
basin or other receptacle containing noxious fumes and gases from the room and
the whole of the building in which it is situated by means of a contrivance which
will also provide for a flow of pure air from outside the room or building into the
said basin or receptacle and the discharge therefrom to outside the room or building
of the foul air and noxious gases therein.
My invention also provides a self acting system which ensures efficient working
and will prevent any disagreeable sensation whilst in use.
In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated ways in which my invention.
may be carried out in practice as applied to a housemaid's sink and to an ordinary
watercloset but I do not confine myself to these particular forms and applications
as it will be evident from the following description how the invention may be
applied to analogous uses.
Fig. 1. is a section through part of the top edge of a housemaid's sink made of
cast iron with a rubber air tight joint.
Fig. 2. is a similar section of a housemaid's sink made of wood and lead with a
rubber air tight joint
Fig. 3. is a similar section through the top edge of a housemaid's eink made of
earthenware shewing the lid with the airtight joint and an aperture a in the centre
with a watertrap 6 on the underside so that the lid may be used as a drainer when
closed. The trap has an overflow edge and at its backward part a chamber into
which the water retreats when the lid is raised to again close the opening a when
the lid is shut down. The airtight joints are formed by a rubber band c which
covers the joint between the top edge of the sink and the wood casing and which
is brought down along the edge of the sink sufficiently far to receive the underedge
of the lid A which rests thereon-Figures 1, 2 & 3 all illustrate this.
Fig. 11. is a perspective elevation of a housemaid's sink as fixed with the lid A
grooved to form a drainer to the opening a when the lid is closed.
Fig. 12. is a section of housemaid's sink with the lid arranged as described
Showing an air inlet pipe e and outlet pipe f and waste pipe g through the wall D
01a building. The air pipes are secured in any suitable way in or to orifices
lealing into the interior of the sink. In Figs. 1. 2 & 3 these openings are
marted and the nozzles for the attachment of the pipes are marked m.
Fig. 10. is a section of a watercloset shewing inlet and outlet air shafts e and f
through the wall D of a building with a valve h attached to the inlet shaft which
valve will shut off the flow of air to the inside when the closet flap is raised by

page_text: means of a quadrant i or its equivalent attached to the flap A which quadrant is,
connected to the valve by means of a wire chain or other connection k.
Fig. 9. is a full size section through part of the top of the water closet basin-
seat and flap-showing the details of the rubber airtight joints or closures at o
and ca between the lid or lid and seat & the parts upon which they close of is an
India rubber band or ring shaped as shewn for closing the space between the top,
of the pan and the underside of the seat. 7 are passages through the India rubber
band for ventilation substantially as explained with regard to the sinks & these
passages may if desired be made through the pan itself in which case or in the case
of ventilation not being required I use a plain band c³ of India rubber without the
necks and holes for air. I prefer to hinge the seat as shewn at n in the drawing,
which will allow it to be raised when the closet is being used as a urinal. c³ is an
extra India rubber between the ring c and the seat.
Fig. 4. shows separately the valve h for shutting off the flow of air into the
basin when it is in use..
Fig. 5. shews separately the quadrant i which is fixed to and moves with the
flap of the closet and being connected with the valve h as aforesaid causes the
valve to close when the flap is raised and to open when the flap is shut down.
Fig. 6. shews a lever which may be fixed over the door to the room (in which
the closet or the like is situated) and be connected by wires or other connections
to a catch which is used to hold the flap up. When the door of the room is opened
it raises the lever a by pressing against the inclined part which raises the catch
and allows the flap to fall.
Fig. 7. shows the said catch which may be used to hold the flap up whilst the
closet is in use and when turned by the hand to allow the flap to fall-It will also
serve to operate the valve to draw the water to flush the basin out. The catch
will be connected with the lever operated by opening the door so that it will not
draw the water when moved by the door. The part y is that which holds up the
flap. It consists of a lever pivotted at y³ to the arm y³ and provided with an
eye to which the wire leading to the arm x is attached. y is an eye on the
army by which through a wire connected to the flushing valve when the arm is
turned by the handle y the closet is flushed and the flap is turned down.
Fig. 8. shows a bracket or double arm to be fixed on the under side of the seat
and between these arms the quadrant Fig. 5 passes It has a roller z. passing
through a hole in one of the arms and mounted on a spring by which it presses on
the quadrant and regulates the fall of the flap.
It will be seen that by this contrivance when the flap or lid of the closet is
opened the inlet air shaft will be closed by the valve h which will prevent any
disagreeable sensation whilst in use and after being used the catch (Figure 7)
serves the twofold purpose of closing the flap and flushing the basin out. Should
the person neglect to close the flap or draw the water the flap will be closed when
the door is opened to leave the room by means of the lever (Fig. 6) which is put
in motion by the door and being connected with the catch y (Fig. 7) by wires and
cranks will cause the said catch to rise and allow the flap to fall and when closed
the inside of the basin or receptacle is entirely cut off from the room and the other
parts of the building.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1. In apparatus of the kind hereinbefore mentioned the combination of means
for effecting the entire cutting off or disconnection of the inside of the basin or
other receptacle containing any noxious fumes and gases from the room or building
in which it is situated with or without there being also combined therewith means
for effecting the ventilation of the basin or other receptacle substantially as herein-
before described and with or without the apparatus or devices for automatically
closing the lid or cover and the air way at the required times substantially as
described.

page_text: 2. The air valve & attachment to the lid for closing the air way when the lid is
opened and opening the air way when the lid is closed substantially as described.
3. The arrangement substantially as described for causing the lid of the closet
or the like to be closed when the door of the apartment in which it is situated is
opened substantially as described.
4. In housemaids sinks or the like the water trap under the opening in the lid
arranged and combined therewith substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Fig. 3 of the Drawing.
5. The quadrant Fig. 5 and regulator Fig. 8 for allowing of the easy descent of
the flap substantially as described.
6. The whole combination and arrangement of parts for ventilating water closets
and for ensuring the proper prevention of the escape of noxious gases therefrom
substantially as explained with reference to Figs. 4 to 10 of the Dwgs.
Dated this 21st day of June 1880.
Witness:
WALTER CODD, LL.D.,
Liverpool.
THOMAS BRECKELL.