Mouths or Necks of Bottles.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 18th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 20th Sept., 1887.
in the Mouths or Necks of Bottles.
I CHARLES HENRY PUGH of Whitworth Works Rea Street South Birmingham in
the County of Warwick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:
--
My invention has reference to such stoppers for bottles as are applied externally to
the mouth or neck of the bottle and consists of the methods hereinafter described
of constructing and securing the said stoppers in the mouths or necks of bottles.
The stoppers to which my invention is principally applicable are either spherical or
conical. Stoppers of the former kind seat themselves on an india rubber ring or seat
in the neck of the bottle. Stoppers of the latter kind are provided with an india
rubber ring or washer secured in a groove in the stopper the said india rubber ring
seating itself on the mouth of the bottle.
My improvements in securing stoppers on the mouths of bottles are also applicable
to stoppers of the kind hereinafter described which kind of stopper constitutes part
of my invention.
The stopper referred to as constituting part of my invention is especially applicable
to bottles for storing aërated liquids and consists of a circular disc the edge of which is
turned down forming a cap which fits on the mouth of the bottle. The said cap has a
lining of india rubber and is connected to the bottle by the holding down arm and
toggle joint hereinafter described.
In order to secure the stopper in its place I fix a ring of wire under the shoulder
near the mouth of the bottle. Turning upon this ring is an arm of strong wire which
extends upwards somewhat higher than the mouth of the bottle. The said arm then
turns at right angles and terminates in a ring which when the arm is in its raised or

page_text: acting position is situated over the mouth of the bottle. When the stopper is placed
on the mouth of the bottle the arm is raised and by pressure the ring described is
made to seat itself on the hemispherical top of the stopper holding it down tightly on
the mouth of the bottle and securely closing the bottle. In order to unstopper the
bottle the arm is pressed back until its ring passes from off the hemispherical top
of the stopper when the stopper can be removed from the mouth of the bottle.
I prefer to connect the stopper with the arm described so that it is always at hand
to close the bottle. This I effect by dispensing with the ring terminating the arm and
connecting the stopper to the end of the arm by a toggle joint. By pressure on the
arm when the stopper is seated on the mouth of the bottle the toggle joint is carried
beyond the neutral point when it holds the stopper firmly to its seat. The toggle joint
may be connected with the stopper by a ball and socket joint.
In order to accommodate the arm to bottles having mouths of different depths it
may be made to lengthen and shorten by a screwing action.
Dated this Twenty sixth day of November 1886.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoppers for Bottles and in Securing Stoppers
in the Mouths or Necks of Bottles.
I CHARLES HENRY PUGH of Whitworth Works Rea Street South, Birmingham in
the County of Warwick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention has reference to such stoppers for bottles as are applied externally to
the mouth or neck of the bottle and consists of the methods hereinafter described of
constructing and securing the said stoppers in the mouths or necks of bottles.
The stoppers to which my invention is principally applicable are either spherical or
conical. Stoppers of the former kind seat themselves on an india rubber ring or seat
in the neck of the bottle. Stoppers of the latter kind are provided with an india
rubber ring or washer secured in a groove in the stopper the said india rubber ring
seating itself on the mouth of the bottle.
My improvements in securing stoppers on the mouths of bottles are also applicable
to stoppers of the kind hereinafter described, which kind of stopper constitutes part of
my invention.
The stopper referred to as constituting part of my invention is especially applicable
to bottles for storing aërated liquids and consists of a circular dise the edge of which
is turned down forming a cap which fits on the mouth of the bottle and partially in
the neck. The said cap has a lining of india rubber and is connected to the bottle by
the holding down arm and toggle joint hereinafter described.
In order to secure the stopper in its place I fix a ring of wire or sheet metal under
the shoulder near the mouth of the bottle. Turning upon this ring is an arm of strong
wire which extends upwards somewhat higher than the mouth of the bottle. The said
arm then turns at right angles and terminates in a ring which when the arm is in its
raised or acting position is situated over the mouth of the bottle. When the stopper
is placed on the mouth of the bottle the arm is raised and by pressure the ring
described is made to seat itself on the hemispherical top of the stopper holding it down
tightly on the mouth of the bottle and securely closing the bottle. In order to
unstopper the bottle the arm is pressed back until its ring passes from off the hemi-
spherical top of the stopper when the stopper can be removed from the mouth of
the bottle.
I prefer to connect the stopper with the arm described so that it is always at hand
to close the bottle. This I effect by dispensing with the ring terminating the arm and
connecting the stopper to the end of the arm by a toggle joint. By pressure on the
arm when the stopper is seated on the mouth of the bottle the joggle joint is carried

page_text: beyond the neutral point when it holds the stopper firmly to its seat. The toggle
joint may be connected with the stopper by a ball and socket joint.
In order to accommodate the arm to bottles having mouths of different depths it
may be made to lengthen and shorten by a screwing action.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my invention is to he performed.
Figure 1 represents in elevation and Figure 2 in section a spherical stopper secured
in its place against a ring of india rubber in the mouth of the bottle according to one
of the arrangements of my invention a is the spherical stopper and the ring of
india rubber fixed in a groove in the mouth of the bottle; c is the jointed arm by
which the stopper is secured in its place. The said arm is jointed at c² to the sheet
metal (or wire) band or ring d under the shoulder e near the mouth of the bottle, the
said arm having a side or lateral motion upon the joint as represented in the
Drawing. The upper part of the arme is situated at right angles to the lower jointed
part and terminates in a ring which when the arm c is in its raised or acting position
Figure 1 passes over the mouth of the bottle and seats itself on and presses down the
spherical stopper a and holds it tightly against the india rubber ring or seat b which is
compressed by the said stopper. The mouth of the bottle is thereby securely closed.
To unstopper the bottle the jointed arm e is turned aside until its ring passes from off
the top of the stopper a as illustrated in Figure 2 when the stopper can be removed.
Instead of giving the jointed arm e, f by which the stopper is held down a side
motion the said arm may be so jointed to the ring on the bottle that it may be thrown
back to unstopper the bottle and thrown forward or raised to stopper the bottle. This
arrangement is represented in section and plan in its raised position in Figure 3 and in
its thrown back position in Figure 4. In this arrangement a wire ring d is used in
place of a ring of sheet metal.
Figures 5 and 6 represent sections taken at right angles to one another and Figure 7
in elevation an arrangement of my invention in which the jointed arm is connected to
the stopper by a toggle joint so that the stopper is always at hand to close the bottle,
the said toggle joint also serving to firmly hold down the stopper.
In Figures 5 and 6 the jointed arm is represented in its raised position and the
toggle joint turned beyond its neutral point for fixing down the stopper and in
Figure 7 the said jointed arm is represented in its thrown back position for opening
the bottle. The conical stopper k represented in Figures 5, 6 and 7 and in the other
Figures of the Drawings is covered with india rubber and no india rubber ring or seat
in the mouth of the bottle is required: c is the jointed arm turning on the ring d as
before described. The upper end of the jointed arm e is connected to the head of the
stopper by the toggle joint l. The said toggle joint 7 is situated and works in a recess
in the top of the stopper the ends of the said toggle joint turning in the stopper in
the manner best seen in Figure 6. In closing the bottle and fixing the stopper in the
mouth of the bottle the jointed arm e carrying the stopper is raised and the stopper
brought over and seated in the mouth of the bottle. By now pressing on the upper
part of the arm the toggle joint is carried beyond the neutral point as represented
in Figure 5 and holds down the stopper k firmly to its seat.
The toggle joint I may be situated and work outside the stopper as represented in
section in Figure 8 instead of inside as represented in Figures 5, 6 and 7.
Or the outside toggle joint may be connected to the stopper in the manner
represented in Figures 9 and 10, the stopper in this case having a metal cap 12. The
manner in which the toggle joint is connected to the stopper is best seen in Figure 10.
Or the toggle joint I may be connected to the stopper by a ball and socket joint as
represented in Figures 11 and 12. In this arrangement the arm c carrying the
stopper and toggle joint has a looped or shackle form and the ball at the end of the
toggle joint works in a central chamber or socket in the metal cap in the stopper k.
In order to prevent the looped or shackle like arm c passing too far beyond the neutral
point a stop i is made from or attached to the ring d on which the arm turns and
limits the motion of the said arm. Figure 13 represents a jointed arm and toggle
joint arrangement in which a plain or uncovered stopper k is used with an india rubber

page_text: ring or seat b in the mouth of the bottle and Figure 14 represents a stopper made
according to my invention in conjunction with my jointed arm and toggle joint
arrangement for holding down the said stopper.
The stopper Figure 14 consists of a circular metallic disc the edge of which is
turned down forming a cap m in which cap a lining of india rubber n is secured.
The stopper Figure 14 fits on the mouth of the bottle and when pressure is put upon
it as represented in the drawing, the india rubber lining taking the shape shown, fits
tightly on the mouth of the bottle and partly in the neck and forms a liquid and gas
tight joint.
The improved stopper m, n Figure 14 is connected to the bottle and held in its place
on the mouth of the bottle by the holding down arm c and toggle joint . In Figure 14
the toggle joint has a ball and socket connection of the "kind represented in
Figures 11. 12 and 13 but the toggle joint may be otherwise connected to the stopper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention --
First. The improvement in stoppers for bottles herein before described and illustrated
in Figure 14 of the accompanying Drawings, that is to say, making the said stoppers
of a metallic cap having within it a lining of india rubber which lining fits on and is
pressed forcibly against the mouth of the bottle in the manner represented.
Secondly. Securing stoppers in the mouths or necks of bottles by means of the
jointed holding down arms hereinhefore described and illustrated in Figures 1. 2. 3.
and 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. Connecting stoppers to bottles and securing the said stoppers in the
mouths or necks of bottles by means of jointed holding down arms and toggle joints
constructed and acting substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13 and 14 of the accompanying Drawings.
Dated this Seventeenth day of Awanot 1887