IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RULING PAPER
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Félix Courenq, Merchant, of Toulouse, (France,)
and of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RULING PAPER."
Scaled the 9th October 1857, and dated the 11th April 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Félix Courenq at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th April 1857.
I, HENRY FELIX COURENQ, Merchant, of Toulouse (France), & of 45,
Essex Street, Strand, London, do hereby declare the nature of the. said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RULING PAPER," to be as
follows:-
This new machine is composed of a frame bearing the pivots of a cylinder,
the circumference of which is furnished with blotting paper, or otherwise. One'
end of this cylinder has a groove, in which passes a double cord without end,
coming from the groove of a pulley, on the axis of which is a toothed wheel,
gearing with a pinion fitted to the axis of a fly wheel, which is put in motion
by means of a treadle and the foot, or by any other motive power. The other
end of this cylinder receives several large and narrow discs of the same
diameter as the cylinder, and having several projections, serving to raise the
pens when they are not working.
The pens, mounted on penholders, are placed at proper distances so as to

page_text: obtain equidistant lines for ruling the perpendicular lines of ledgers, &c. The
pens are suitably arranged, and the sheets of paper are fed to the machine
in a direction perpendicular to the first lines. I can uso ink of several colours
and make any kind of ruling whatever. Cords without end take the sheets
when they are presented to the machine and keep them whilst they receive
the ruling. They are then brought on an apron without end, where they
dry, and from whence they arrive on a stand to form themselves in packages.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Félix Courenq in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th October 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
FELIX COURENQ, Merchant, of Toulouse (France), and of 45, Essex Street,
Strand, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Félix Courenq, Her special licence that I, the said Henry
Félix Courenq, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, 'the said Henry Félix Courenq, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might, make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RULING PAPER," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Henry Félix Courenq, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what. manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Félix Courenq, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-

page_text: This new machine is composed of a frame bearing the axis of a cylinder,
the circumference of which is covered with blotting paper or other suitable
matter. This cylinder is furnished on one end with a groove, in which passes
a double endless cord, coming from a pulley, on the axis of which a toothed
wheel is mounted, which gears with a pinion fitted to the axis of a fly wheel,
put in motion by means of a 'treadle acted upon by the foot, or by any other
motive power. The other end of the cylinder receives several large narrow
discs of the same diameter as the cylinder, and having several projections,
which serve to raise the pens when they are not working. The pens aro
mounted on penholders, which receive the inks as wanted:
'
Endless cords take the sheets of paper when they are presented to the
machine and keep them whilst they receive the ruling. They are then brought
by means of other cords behind the machine, where the ink drys; after this
the same cords take the sheets on a stand, where they form themselves in
packages.
.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents the whole machine seen
longitudinally; Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. The other Figures are
details of the machine, seen separately. The same letters of reference indicate.
the corresponding parts in the several Figures.
:
a is a treadle, communicating the motion to the fly wheel b, which bears on
its axis the pinion c, gearing with the wheel d, on the axis of which is the.
pulley e, having two grooves, so as to receive the double endless cord, acting
on the main cylinder f, which is covered with blotting paper, or otherwise.
One or more brackets f¹, Fig. 3, are placed on the circumference of the main
cylinder f, so as, to rule and facilitate the placing of the sheets of paper for
the head or side margins, music, &c. The cords which pass in the grooves of
the pulley e and on the main cylinder f pass also in the groove of one of the
two cylinders g, and give them a rotary motion. Those cylinders G support
and stretch the endless apron h, which receives the ruled sheets whilst drying.
The length of this apron h may be of several yards; it receives above the
second cylinder 9 another small one j', which forces the sheets to move in the
proper direction until they are discharged on the stand k; they are stopped.
by the piece l', which forces them to arrange themselves in packages. So as
to maintain the sheets of paper on the main cylinder f, several endless cords i
pass on one part of the said cylinder, and on small cylinders l.. Those cords i-
are stretched by means of a counterpoise m. On the cylinder small grooves.
are made close to each other, so as to retain the cords i in the proper.place.
The main cylinder f, shown separately, Figs. 3 & 4, receives by moans of

page_text: thumb screws p three or four thin circles n at the end opposite the groovo in
which pass the motion transmitting cords; they are furnished with wedges n',
which raise in their circular movement the levers o connected with the
holdors q, regulated by means of spiral springs, counterpoises, or otherwise.
pen-
The penholders 9 (one of which is shown separately, Fig. 5,) are each
mounted on two pivots, which oscillate in two bearings on the supports r,
fixed to the frame of the machine. Those penholders are furnished with
friction rollers q', bearing on the main cylinder f, so as to regulate the pressure
of the pens.
The pens are either equally distanced from each other, as represented in
actual size at Fig. 6, or disposed for ruling the perpendicular lines, as shown
in Fig. 7, in the same scale as the machine.
When it is required to dispense with the action of one or several sets of
pens the penholders are lifted or raised. For beginning or regulating the.
work, all the pens are lifted by letting fall the counterpoise a, connecting by
means of a cord to the lever a², the end of which is connected with all the
penholders. The pens s are mounted on the penholders 9 by means of finger
nuts g, and the inks of the required colours are placed in the bottles u, Fig.
8, and are conveyed to the pens s through pipes furnished with cocks v,.
Fig. 8. By means of those cocks the supply of ink is regulated; they aro
closed when a set of pens is not required to work.
The machino may be worked by any motive power, but generally the motion
is given by means of the treadle, acted upon by the workman placed in the
front of the machine. Each sheet is placed by him on the main cylinder f, so
that the extremity of the sheet meets the long brackets f¹; then the sheet is
taken by the endless cords i, and the main cylinder brings it under the pens 8,
which work accordingly as they are arranged.
The sheet after reaching the cylinder 9 descends on the endless apron h,
where the ink drys; it arrives then at the inclined plane k and falls on the
preceding sheet.
It will be understood that when it is required to leave margins, it is easy
to do this by means of the brackets f¹, which raise the pens at the desired
instant.
For ruling the perpendicular lines for ledgers, &c., the pens are suitably
arranged, and the sheets of paper are supplied to the machine in a direction
perpendicular to the first lines.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in,
which it is or may be carried into effect, I wish to be understood that what I

page_text: claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by the present in part recited
Letters Patent, is, the ruling machine herein-before described, the distinctive
features of which are,-
1stly, the position of the main cylinder before the workman, which allows
him to have both hands free, since ho transmits the motion with his foot.
2ndly, the arrangement of the machine, allowing it to be worked by any
motive power.
3rdly, the arrangement of the pens at the height of the workman's eyes,
and nearly horizontally, which disposition, although rendering the pens move-
able, prevents the spreading of the ink in the soveral movements produced by
the brackets of the moveable circles.
4thly, the application of the moveable circles, having brackets serving to
raise the pens when they are not required to work.
5thly, the employment of the cocks for regulating the supply of the ink to
the pens.
6thly, the possibility of using at the same time, and alternately, inks of
several colours.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Félix Courenq, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord 'Ono thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
CH FRED VASSEROT,
Patent Agent,
45, Essex Street, Strand.
H. F. COURENQ. (L.S.)