AN IMPROVED SOCKET. FOR A CANDLESTICK, CONSISTING OF A SPRING OR SPRINGS BY WHICH ANY CANDLE, RUSHLIGHT, OR TAPER, WITHOUT ANY PAPER OR OTHER THING BEING PUT ROUND IT, MAY BE FIXED AND SECURED IN SUCH SOCKET, AND WHICH SOCKET 18 ADAPTED FOR THE USE OF ANY DESCRIPTION OF CANDLESTICK, CHANDALIER, LUSTRE, BRANCH LAMP, OR LANTERN; AND. ALSO MY SELF-EXTINGUISHER, TO BE FED TO THE CANCK, CER, , , ORTERN, BY WHICH THE LIGHT MAY BE EXED AT ANY TIME THE PERSON USING IT MAY WISH
Year: 1813

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
GOODWIN, of Finsbury Terrace, in the County of Middlesex, Factor, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, in and by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of June last past, for Himself, His heirs
and successors, did give and grant unto me, the said Charles Goodwin, His
special licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Charles Goodwin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of them,
by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or deputies, servants
or agents, or such others as I, the said. Charles Goodwin, my, executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also
within all His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of
"AN IMPROVED SOCKET. FOR A CANDLESTICK, CONSISTING OF A SPRING OR SPRINGS BY
WHICH ANY CANDLE, RUSHLIGHT, OR TAPER, WITHOUT ANY PAPER OR OTHER THING
BEING PUT ROUND IT, MAY BE FIXED AND SECURED IN SUCH SOCKET, AND WHICH
SOCKET 18 ADAPTED FOR THE USE OF ANY DESCRIPTION OF CANDLESTICK, CHANDALIER,
LUSTRE, BRANCH LAMP, OR LANTERN; AND. ALSO MY SELF-EXTINGUISHER, TO BE
FIXED TO THE CANDLESTICK, CHANDALIER, LUSTRE, BRANCH LAMP, OR LANTERN, BY
WHICH THE LIGHT MAY BE EXTINGUISHED AT ANY TIME THE PERSON USING IT MAY
WISH;" in which said Letters Patent there is (contained a proviso, obliging me,
the said Charles Goodwin, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
י

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same
to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Goodwin, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inventions,
and the manner in which the same are to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained as follows, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto attached, that is to say :-
In place of the socket or sockets usually employed in the candlesticks in
common use, namely, a piece of tube attached to the nozle, and sometimes
furnished with a bottom, I employ for my improved socket a piece of metal,
more or less elastic, coiled up in the form of a spiral of one revolution and a
half, or more or less, which is attached to the nozle, or into the top of the
candlestick, and by its elasticity embraces the candle that may be put into it,
rendering the introduction of ribbons of paper to keep the candle upright
altogether unnecessary. From the foregoing description any competent work-
man would be able, without further directions, to avail himself of my said
improved socket, the efficacy or utility of which does not depend on any peculiar
manner of attaching the socket, which I have described, to the nozle or to the
candlestick, but on the property which such a socket possesses of adapting
itself to the size of the candle. But as a practical illustration of the mecha-
nical contrivances which may be resorted to by workmen to effect my said
improvement, I shall describe one or more of those which I have found to be
simple and effectual, premising only that in naming particular modes for
catching and fastening as dovetails of rivets, I do so merely for the sake of
brevity and perspicuity, for in mechanical contrivances the means that may be
employed for effecting such simple objects may be varied indefinitely. The
socket is formed of a flat thin piece of metal A, Figure 1, to one end of which
a small dovetailed piece of metal B is attached or made fast by any suitable
means, say, for example, by two rivets d, d; to the other end is also fastened by
rivets d, d, a little bar of metal C, not of a dovetailed form, but a little longer
than the breadth of the metal piece A, and furnished with a cross head, or
what workmen call a tee part, in which are shewn two holes a, a, for rivets
or screws, by which to attach the whole to the nozle.
In the tee part
is fixed a stud or pin e, which with another stud to be hereafter noticed,
serves to hold the socket steady in its place when expanded in the top
of the shaft or in the capital. When the socket is put into the candle-
stick, the said dovetailed piece B slides into a corresponding recess shewn

page_text: at 9,
in Figure 4, which serves to catch and retain the said piece B in its
place in the candlestick or its capital.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the socket as it appears after the piece of
metal A, of Figure 1, is coiled up as aforesaid, and in Figure 2 the letters have
reference to the parts marked by the same letters in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the same socket rivetted or in any other
manner made fast to the nozle o. All the other letters in this Figure,
excepting g, had reference to the parts marked by the same letters in Figures 1
and 2; opposite to the stud or pin e, another stud g is fixed in the nozle. These
two studs, e and g, when the socket is put into the candlestick, pass through
the notches h, h, Figure 4, and thus get under the upper surface of the flanche
or rim of the candlestick or its capital, and are received into a grave in the
substance of the said rim or flanche.
Figure 4, a perspective view of the upper part and capital of a candlestick,
adapted to the reception of the said socket with its nozle, Figure 3; g is a
dovetailed recess which receives the piece B of the socket, Figures 1, 2, 3,
h, h, are the notches into which the studs or pins e and g, Figure 3, enter for
the purpose of being received into a grave n, (in the substance of the flanche
or rim of the capital,) when the nozle is turned in that direction, which uncoils
the socket, expanding or opening the socket to receive the candle, which being
introduced, and the socket being then left to its own action, is firmly embraced
by the socket, and thus supported upright, while at the same time the said
studs having passed from the notches h, h, into the grave n, or under the upper
surface of the said flanche or rim, the socket with its nozle and the candle is
kept firm in its place in the capital.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a spring socket calculated for lustres,
branches, candlesticks, lamps, or lanthorns, or other situations, either with or
without a nozle, but here represented without one; so far as the same letters
occur in this Figure as in Figure 2, the parts are the same with only this
difference, that the piece B descends in Figure 5 lower than the socket, and is
furnished with a horizontal bar joined to it by an elbow, for the purpose of
fastening it to the bottom of the lanthorn, or to the branch, or to whatever is
to be its support, by a screw S, or by sliding the said horizontal bar into any
apperture as H, Figure 6, fitted to receive it, or by any other means suited to
the intention. In the socket A, at the end next to the piece B, there is a
horizontal slit o, in which moves a stud f, made fast to the inner end of the
coiled piece A. It will be seen by inspection that if the said stud f be moved
close to B, and its stalk be received into the notch p, that the spring socket
will be uncoiled, and will be kept open ready to receive the candle, and that

page_text: when the said stalk of the stud f is put down from the said notch p, it will then
close upon the candle and hold it firmly upright.
Examples might be
Figure 7 represents the upper part of a candlestick with a spring rivetted to
it within that part of it which answers for the socket by the rivets c, c. In
this, as in Figure 5, there is a horizontal slit o, to allow a stud m to act in the
same manner as the stud f of Figure 5. The slit o and notch p may be
covered with a revolving hoop attached to the stud m.
multiplied, but from those that have been specified, any competent workman
will be at no loss to construct and apply to use in a variety of forms my im-
proved socket, nor need he be informed that instead of employing one spring
only in forming the socket, he may introduce two or more, but one is quite
sufficient, and in my opinion better than a greater number. On my improved:
socket I have only further to add that for the sake of brevity, I have only
spoken of its receiving candles, but it is also fitted to hold steadily those lanips
which are not unfrequently put into or upon candlesticks, or used in candle-
sticks as substitutes for candles. My self-extinguisher is a little apparatus
consisting of two circular plates of metal, with a cylindric, tubular edge or
hoop on one or both of them, serving to join' the two plates as a little thin box,
and each of them; that is, the top and bottom of the box perforated with a
round hole of sufficient diameter to allow the apparatus to pass over a candle.
In the space between the said plates a spring is placed, which by the action of
a little lever moved by a button or handle beneath the lower plate, or by any
other suitable contrivance, may be moved back and kept upon the strain till
the apparatus is put over the candle, and placed at any length of tallow from
the flame which it is intended shall be consumed before the light' is to be
extinguished. This extinguisher being put in its place, and the body of the
candle forming the resisting medium, by which the spring is prevented 'from
returning by its own action to its place of rest as soon as the tallow is con-
sumed low enough, tlie said spring will, by its own' élasticity, pass through the
diameter of the candle, pressing down the wick in its passage into the melted
tallow, and extinguishing the flame. Or in place of a spring only, a little lever
or tumbler may be introduced connected with a spring, to give it 'action; which'
lever or tumbler shall be pulled cross the candle by the spring attached to it,
or acting upon it, when the tallow is consumied down to the part of the candle
at which the extinguisher is fixed. The modes of executing and making my
self-extinguisher may be varied indefinitely at the pleasure of the workuian, if
he only keep in his recollection that whatever mechanical arrangement he inay
adopt, the end in view is that a lever spring plate or any suitable contrivance
shall pass through the diameter of the candle by the action of a spring when

page_text: the tallow is burnt sufficiently low to cease to offer farther resistance to the
action of the spring, or in place of a spring, a lever, or bar, or plate may be
drawn across the diameter by means of 'a string and weight acting over a small
pulley, but a spring being more compact, is in my opinion preferable. The
following will serve as practical illustrations of this Invention In Figure 8,
the circular plate A, perforated with a hole m of' sufficient diameter to pass
over the candle, is the lower of the two plates which form the top and
bottom of the extinguisher; c is a spring, the end 6 of which may be moved
back to d by the lever h, which is moveable on a pin that passes through the
plate A, and has attached to it a little arm's, or any suitable contrivance. By
inspection of the Figure it will be seen that if s be moved towards the pole o,
the lever turning on its pivot or fulcrum will put back the spring in such a.
manner as to place it nearly at right angles to its first position, the end 6 being
now at d. When the tallow is burnt sufficiently low, the said spring endeavour-
ing to unbend itself, will pass across the diameter of the candle on returning to
its place of rest, extinguishing the flame by drowning the wick in the tallow.
The upper plate B, Figure 9, of the self-extinguisher may be either plain or
ornamented. When the candle is to be extinguished after burning down to
the socket, the self-extinguisher is made to rest on the socket, or on the nozle
of the candlestick, or it may be made to answer for the nozle, but if the candle
is to be extinguished higher up, it may be set to its place on a wire stuck into
a hole in the candlestick, on which the self-extinguisher slides up or down by
the hole o, Figures 8 and 9, and is kept in its place by a thumb screw t, or
any other fit contrivance, Figures 8 and 9. Figure 10, the self-extinguisher
constructed with a lever or tumbler attached to the spring, as before described;
C is the lower plate; b, a sliding stop to keep the tumbler back while the self-
extinguisher is passed over the candle; a, the tumbler; d, a link connecting the
tumbler with the spring e, made fast to the hoop or tubular rim of the plate c
by a pin or rivet at n. The hole o is for the purpose of sliding the ex-
tinguisher to any required height upon a wire, as mentioned when describing
Figures 8 and 9. It is only necessary to add that whatever arrangement be
adopted in constructing my self-extinguisher, it should, when not intended to
supply the place of a nozle, have a little bit of tube attached to the orifice in
the lower plate, that it may embrace a part of the candle not softened by the
heat of the flame.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-
fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
CHARLES GOODWIN. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-fifth day of
August, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Charles Goodwin came
before our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year aboye written.
Inrolled the same Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year aboye written.