Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 16th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
I, JULIUS HOMAN of No. 17 Gracechurch Street in the City of London, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide a ready means by which all iron used in
the construction of fire proof floors can be protected from the direct action of fire
upon them.
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to me No. 3932 in the year 1885 I
described forming a fire proof floor with transverse bars of T iron laid on the lower
flanges of the main iron joists and carrying flat brick arches which were subsequently
covered over with a thick layer of concrete.
According to my present invention I form the bricks in such a manner that their
side edges may as before rest upon the flanges of T iron bars and in addition I so
form them that their bottom surfaces may project below the undersides of the flanges-
and preferably also so that the spaces between the lower part of the bricks on one
side of the Tiron bars and the bricks on the opposite side are of a dovetail or under-
cut form into which the plaster which is applied over the bottom of the floor to cover
both the undersides of the bricks and the bars and main girders will enter so that
the plaster gets a firm hold on the underside of the floor below each T bar as well as
to the undersides of the bricks.
The bricks are formed with corresponding recesses along the top of each side edge
as well as along the bottom of the side edge, dovetail recesses will in this way be
formed at the top between the bricks on the two sides of the T bars into which the
concrete of the floor will enter and so obtain a firm hold on each brick. The making
the recesses both along the top and along the bottom of the side edges of the bricks
also facilitates the manufacture of the bricks as they can be expressed through a
die and be cut into lengths with cuts sloping first in one direction and then in the
opposite.

page_text: The bars I use are preferably straight bars except at their ends where they rest on
the flanges of the main girders and here they are somewhat bent upwards so that the
undersides of the main portion of the T bars may be level with the undersides of the
main girders. The bricks are made with sloping ends so that the bricks are of greater
length at the top than at the bottom. In this way when the bricks are placed together
end to end along the T bars V shaped spaces are left between the ends of the bricks
into which the concrete with which the floor is covered readily flows, and in addition
I obtain as above described improved adhesion or key for the plaster and concrete by
forming a groove on the upper and undersides of the brick.
Preferentially I use brick, but tiles moulded concrete or other equivalents may
be used.
Dated this 1st day of September 1887.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, JULIUS HOMAN of No. 17 Gracechurch Street in the City of London, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide a ready means by which all iron used in
the construction of fire proof floors can be protected from the direct action of fire
upon them.
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to me No. 3932 in the year 1885
I described forming a fire proof floor with transverse bars of Ṭ iron laid on the lower
flanges of the main iron joists and carrying flat brick arches which were subsequently
covered over with a thick layer of concrete.
According to my present invention I form the bricks in such a manner that their
end edges may as before rest upon the flanges of T iron hars and in addition I so
form them that their bottom surfaces may project below the undersides of the
flanges and preferably also so that the spaces between the lower part of the bricks
on one side of the T iron bars and the bricks on the opposite side are of a dovetail
or undercut form in which the plaster which is applied over the bottom of the floor
to cover both the undersides of the bricks and the T bars and main girders will enter
so that the plaster gets a firm hold on the underside of the floor below each bar as
well as to the undersides of the bricks.
The bricks are formed with corresponding recesses along the top of each end edge
as well as along the bottom of the end edge, dovetail recesses will in this way be
formed at the top between the bricks on the two sides of the T bars into which the
concrete of the floor will enter and so obtain a firm hold on each brick. The making
the recesses both along the top and along the bottom of the side edges of the bricks
also facilitates the manufacture of the bricks as they can be expressed through a
die and be cut into lengths with cuts sloping first in one direction and then in the
opposite.
The bars I use are preferably straight bars except at their ends where they rest on
the flanges of the main girders and here they are somewhat bent upwards so that
the undersides of the main portion of the T bars may be level with the undersides of
the main girders. The bricks are made with sloping sides so that the bricks are of
greater length at the bottom than at the top. In this way when the bricks are placed
together side to side along the T bars V shaped spaces are left between the ends of
the bricks into which the concrete with which the floor is covered readily flows, and
in addition I obtain as above described improved adhesion or key for the plaster and
concrete by forming a groove on the upper and undersides of the brick.
Preferentially I use brick, but tiles moulded concrete or other equivalents may
be used.
The drawing shews various views of a fire proof floor formed as above described.

page_text: Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of the floor-parts being removed at the lower part
of the figure.
Figure 2 is a section of the floor on the line A A and Figure a section on the
line B B.
A A are the main iron joists-B B the transverse bars of T iron-C C the bricks
which rest on the Tirons and which as above described and as is seen in Figure 3
are so formed that their bottom surfaces project below the undersides of the flanges
of the Tirons and so that dovetail recesses are left below the Tirons between the
lower parts of the bricks on either side of them for the plaster to hold in.
The bricks C at their sides are also made with sloping sides as shown at Figure 2
so that when placed together V spaces are left between them into which the concrete
used for forming the covering D can readily flow as it is being put on.
Figure 3 also shews how the bricks are made of the same form along the upper
part of their sides as along the lower part of the sides so that dovetail recesses are
formed above the Tirons for the concrete D to pass into. All the parts are thus tied
one to the other.
EE are sleeper fillets of wood laid on to the top of the concrete D and F F are
floor boards secured to them.
Where the ends of any of the bricks abut against the sides of the main iron
joists A they may either be formed like the intermediate bricks with sloping ends as
shewn at Figure 2 and the dovetail recesses left between them below the bottom
flange be filled in with plaster as above described or it might be filled in with suitably
shaped tile or the ends of the bricks might be formed to pass below and completely
cover the underside of the bottom flanges so that the girders will then be completely
encased in fire proof material..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The construction of the bricks C with sloping sides and with the upper and
lower part of their ends made alike and so that when their ends are placed upon the
side flanges of the T iron supports their lower portion may project below these side
flanges to form the dovetailed key substantially as described.
2. The construction of fire proof floors substantially as herein before described and
illustrated in the drawings annexed.
T
1 1
11 1
י
1000
JULIUS HOMAN.