Improvements in and relating to Nut Locks.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan, 1891-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Nut Locks.
1, JULIUS CESAR RICHARDSON, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing at No. 44, Prospect Street, in the City of Jamestown, County of
Chautauqua, and State of New York, one of the United States of America, an
Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to nut locks which are provided with frictional means for
engagement with the thread of bolts, and particularly with that class of nuts which
have a slot formed in their sides.
The invention is shown in the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a square nut constructed in accordance with iny
invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a hexagonal nut constructed also in accordance
with my invention.
Figure 3 is a transverse section of a bar of metal to be used to produce
the nut.
Figure 4 represents a transverse section of the bar shown in Figure 3 after it has
been partly doubled upon itself on line - of said figure.
Figure represents a perspective view of a square nut obtained from the doubled
over bar in accordance with my invention, with one leaf slightly twisted laterally
upon the other.
Figure 6 is a vertical section of the nut shown in Figure 5, but mounted upon
a bolt.
The preferred manner of producing the nuts is first to roll out the iron (or other
metal) in bars, B, having preferably a greater thickness in the centre than at the
edges, and whose cross-section is shown in Figure 3 after one or more passes
through rolls, the bar assumes the Y-form substantially as shown in cross-section
in Figure 4, with two branches or leaves, b, of equal length and thickness. The
Y-shaped bar is then passed between rolls to bring the two branches or leaves, b,
substantially in close contact together.
The Y-shaped bar can also be obtained by splitting a rectangular bar along
one of its edges one half of its depth or more, with a blade of suitable form.
The folded bar obtained by either one of said means is afterwards subjected to
a press-punch by which the hole, c, is punched in the centre of the width of the
bar, after which it is cut into the proper shape for nut blanks of any desired
form.
The folded nut-blank is thus obtained at little expense with its leaves, b, b, in
proper position relatively to each other and close together to have the central
perforation screw tapped."
After the nuts have been screw-tapped the outer end of the leaves, bb, are forced
or bent a slight distance apart by a suitable wedge which gives a divergent set to
the leaves, and a V-shaped slot in the nut, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Or said
leaves are forced, twisted or bent laterally relatively to each other a slight distance,
as shown in Figures 5 and 6, to throw the position of the threads of the upper leaf
out of a straight line from that of the lower leaf.
The split nut, Figure 6, represents the configuration of the thread, and shows
that the thread of the lower leaf enters the thread of the bolt the same as an
ordinary nut, and when the thread on the bolt reaches the first thread of the upper
leaf it has a tendency to tip the lower leaf of the nut slightly down on the right
side, but when the nut reaches an abutment or plate against which the nut is to be
7

page_text: screwed, the lower leaf tips back to a right angle across the bolt and the nut takes
a greater grip upon the bolt.
By twisting the upper leaf to form the lock all the threads when screwed to
position against an abutment bear, all around on the bolt, thus presenting a clean
smooth surface which does not abrade or roughen the surface of either the bolt
or nut.
To permit the bar, B, to produce the side, d, of the nut blank with as little waste
of time in rolling as possible, said bar is preferably provided with two angular
ribs, d, each equi-distant from the line, a, a, Figure 3, on which the bar is to be
bent and doubled upon itself, and thus the rectangular edges shown at, d², in
Figure 4, are obtained during the manufacture of the bar, out of which the
nuts are to be cut and punched. Although it is preferred to obtain the
doubled over bars by rolling the metal, it is evident they could be obtained by
forging it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A nut having in one of its sides a V-shaped slit extending across the threads
of the central perforation, the leaves between which said slit is formed being
bent or twisted relatively to each other, substantially as shown and described.
2. A nut having a slit parallel with its top and dividing it into two leaves, said
leaves being slightly bent, twisted, or turned relatively to each other, substantially
as shown and described.
3. A nut consisting of two perforated screw threaded.leaves separated by a slit.
extending part way through the nut, having the two leaves connected along one
edge, said leaves being slightly bent, twisted, or turned relatively to each other
after being screw-threaded, substantially as described.
Dated this 31st day of January 1891.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.