Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 26th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 7th Sept., 1888
ROBERT COOKE SAYER 11 Clyde Road, Redland, Bristol Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the construction of filters in which the principles of stratum filtration is adopted,
it is intended to construct the divisions forming the stratums in the shape of a dish,
the bottom of which is flat, the sides vertical, and also in the case of one or more
dishes to have an outer rim or ears. .
The top division is to be taller than the others and in the form of a "pot" having
sides, bottom, and also an outer rim (a little distance above the bottom) projecting
beyond the dish rims (or ears) so as to stand upon (with the divisions within) any
vessel and form its cover and being open at the top this "pot" is to have a
cover.
All the rims are to have holes in them coinciding with one another for the purpose
of passing vertical bolts through them, and with the bolts to draw all the divisions
together and by means of an elastic material to have water tight joints.
The water is poured into the "pot" or top division, and passes from division to
division through small pin holes made in the bottoms on alternate sides. At the last
series of pin holes, a knife cut is made in the thickness of the material all round them
which receives the turned down edges of fine wire gauze or cloth, (plated or other-
wise) and this gauze is secured down by cement: thus the pin holes are covered over
with the gauze and forms a sieve through which the finest carbon cannot pass. Where
very pure water is required or a coarser sieve is used, the elastic joints are made
thicker, and the filtering medium, of carbon (or other material) is put in, in different,
or sub-stratums: the very finest carbon that will pass the sieve used, is placed above
the next coarser carbon that will not pass the sieve and thus the finest carbon is
prevented from escaping by the coarser, the interstices of which it stops up. By

page_text: tightening up the division by means of the bolts (allowed for by the thicker rubber
joints) the filtering medium is compressed, much or little, and thus greater purity and
slowness of filtration or rather less purity with greater rapidity of filtration
(according to the class of water to be filtered) is obtained.
:
COME DELE DIEUITICATION.
Improvements in Filters.
ROBERT COOKE SAYER 11 Clyde Road, Redland, Bristol, Civil Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This consists in forming the filters in the shape of a pot A (see Drawing which
shows it in Section) having a cover b as usual, and is provided with a rim Chaving
holes at equal distances apart, through which are passed the bolts d.
One or more dishes E are provided with a rim (or ears), that have holes in it (or
them) through which the bolts d pass, and the whole is screwed up tight by means of
the armed nuts L provided for each dish or the bottom one only.
A and E are perforated in the bottom on opposite sides at H and J with fine pin
holes, and are provided with knife cuts in the thickness of the material, all round and
enclosing the pin holes, for the purpose of receiving the turned down edges of wire
gauze sieves these sieves are made of the finest wire gauze, and plated, so that the
smallness of the apertures is regulated by the thinness of the film of silver (or other
plating) that can be deposited, and not upon the construction of wire gauze, and they
are secured in their positions by means of cement.
The dishes E are to have pairs of holes K in their sides (with proper screw plugs)
so that each separate filtering stratum contained in the dishes may be cleansed out
through them.
Between A and E and each successive dish, thick rubber joints G are provided so
that by screwing up L, any degree of compression can be given to the filtering
material, each stratum varying or all being the same: and when all are together the
whole is water tight except at the pin holes H and J and thus greater purity, with
slowness of filtration or less purity (comparatively) with more rapid filtration is
obtained.

page_text: The whole is supported upon any other vessel M by means of C and forms its
cover.
The water is poured in at the top and finds its way from stratum to stratum and
into M in the direction of the arrow heads.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of any said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. The application of successive stratum filtration under varying degrees of
compression to table filters substantially as described.
2nd. The form of the dishes by which each is in one piece, together with a rim or
ears by which it is suspended: also the means of suspending and the use of one
elastic joint only for each stratum substantially as described.
3rd. The means adopted for forming the sieves to retain the filtering material, by
which the smallness of the apertures is regulated by the thinness with which silver or
other plating can be deposited substantially as described.
4th. The general construction by which either one or more of the stratums may be
cleansed out and recharged through the pair of plugged holes to each, or the whole
filter may be readily taken to pieces for more thorough cleansing, or substitution of a
new for a broken part, substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of July 1888.