IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fisher McLaren, of Glasgow, in the County of
"
Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fisher McLaren at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1882.
JOHN FISHER MOLAREN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Solicitor. "LMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
This Invention which consists of improvements in sewing machines, has reference
to that part of such machines by which the upper thread is pulled out into a loop
of the required dimensions, and which part according to the present Invention also
carries the under thread by which the sewing in combination with the upper thread
is produced.
The Invention consists of a hollow rotating hook, which as it rotates pulls down
the upper thread, and carries in its hollow the bobbin or cop of the under thread.-
In this way the shuttle and spool commonly used in sewing machines for the under
thread are dispensed with. Each rotation of the hollow hook not only pulling
down the upper thread to form the loop but also carrying the under thread and
bobbin, or cop, completely through the loop of the upper thread.
The hollow rotating hook together with the bobbin, or cop, carried therein, may
be placed vertical, or horizontal, and it is preferably placed between antifriction
rollers, and acted upon by a crank on the main shaft or from a second motion shaft.
The rotating hook and bobbin or cop carrier may when required be provided with
an adjustable drag or tension regulator.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Fisher McLaron in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th July 1882.
JOHN FISHER MCLAREN of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
This Invention which consists of improvements in sewing machines, has reference
to that part of such machines by which the upper thread is pulled out into a loop
of the required dimensions and which part according to the present Invention also
carries the under thread by which the sewing in combination with the upper thread
is produced.
The Invention consists of a hollow rotating hook, which as it rotates pulls down
the upper thread and carries in its hollow the bobbin or cop of the under thread.-
In this way the shuttle and spool commonly used in sewing machines for the under
thread are dispensed with and the process of winding the under thread on spools
or on wires or otherwise for insertion in shuttles is superseded, as bobbins wound
with thread of size sufficient to suit the rotating hook of the present Invention
may be made by the thread manufacturer-Each rotation of the hollow hook pulls
down the upper thread to form the loop and also carries the under thread and
bobbin or cop completely through the loop and the upper thread.
The hollow rotating book together with the bobbin or cop carried therein may
be placed vertical or horizontal, (and it may be placed on antifriction rollers but
this is not essential) and acted upon by a crank on the main shaft or from a
second motion shaft-The rotating hook and bobbin or cop carrier may when
required be provided with an adjustable drag or tension regulator.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I now proceed
more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner, in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect reference being had to
the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon that is
to say:-
Figure 1 represents a side clevation of a sewing machine fitted with my improved
stitch forming device.
Figure 2 represents a plan of the same.
Figure 3, represents a side elevation of my improved combined rotating hook and
bobbin carrier.
Figure 4, represents an end elevation of the same.
Figure 5, represents an end elevation of a modified form of my improved combined
rotating hook and bobbin carrier.
Figures 6, and 7, represent respectively plan and side elevation of another
modified form of carrying my Invention into practice.
Similar reference letters are used to indicato corresponding parts throughout the
several views,
A case or frame A, formed with a suitably shaped opening at its upper part for
the passage therethrough of the needle and threads and for the thread being easily
drawn in and out therethrough, is screwed or otherwise suitably secured to the side
of the machine as shown in Figures 1, and 2, within this case or frame the combined
hook and bobbin carrier B, rotates, actuated by means of a crank C, secured to the
shaft of the machine as represented by dotted lines in Figure 1, and held in its
proper position by a suitably shaped cover D, fitted to the case or frame A.
The combined rotating hook and bobbin-carrier B, is constructed as shewn in
Figures 3 and 4, with one of its sides open so as to allow the bobbin u, being easily
placed into position and fixed either upon the pin b, pivoted as shewn at c, or fitted

page_text: in any method to enable the bobbin a to be held in position within the
carrier B.-This bobbin-carrier may also be made with a lid.-I may also construct
the combined hook and bobbin-carrier as shewn in end elevation at Figure 5,'
which is closed at both its sides, and the bobbin a, is placed into position upon the
pin by when the lid d, hinged at e, is opened.-It may be made also without this
lid. A hole f, is formed in the side of the bobbin carrier at the centre of the circle
described in its rotation for the passage therethrough of the underthread held
within and that at the side of the bobbin-carrier furthest from the machine.
The bobbin-carrier represented at Figures 3 and 4, is flat on its side furthest
from the machine and its edge is bevilled as shewn.-Both the sides of the bobbin-
carrier represented at Figure 5, are formed in this manner,-The side nearest the
machine in all the shuttles or bobbin-carriers shewn and described are to be formed
so as to work against a flat face.-At the back end of the bobbin carrier, vis: that
end opposite the hook, I form as shown a tail piece h, which serves to keep the
thread clear of the point of the hook and avoids the necessity of picking up so
much of the thread-Tho rotating hook and bobbin-carrier may also be made
without the tail piece.
To provide a pick-up device upon machines fitted with my improvements, I use
a pick-up lever arrangement such for example as that one represented in Figures 1
and 2, in which I pivot a pick-up lover at i, on the working arm of the machine
and at the side of this pick-up lever nearest the stationary arm of the machine I
form the projection j-To the stationary arm of the machine I pivot at k, the
lever, formed with a stop m, to check its falling and on the side next the pick-up
lever I form the projection n.-The pick-up action is effected when the projection j,
descends upon the projection n, which being prevented from falling by the stop m,
throws the pick-up lever up until it has travelled sufficiently forward to pass down
over the front edge of the projection n, which edge is slightly higher than that at
which the projection j, first comes into contact, thus increasing the rise given to the
pick-up lover. When the working arm of the machine rises the projection j,
comes into contact with the under side of the projection n, and lifts it until the
projection passes up at the back of the projection n.
In Figures 6 and 7, is represented a modified form of my improvements in which
the combined hook and bobbin-carrier is rotated horizontally, that is to say, in a
plane at right angles to that shewn in Figures 1, and 2, and which may be actuated
by mitre gearing or by any other suitable means.
The action of my Invention is as follows:-As the combined hook and bobbin-
carrier B, is rotated, the point of the hook is caused to pass through the loop of
the upper thread formed at the underside of the material being sewn, and within
the case or frame A, by the descent and partial ascent of the needle, and as the
combined hook and bobbin-carrier continues in its rotation it draws the upper
thread down over the curved inner side of the said hook, until it reaches that
position consequent upon the rotation and form of the hook when it ceases to draw
upon the upper thread which is then drawn up by the pick-up device.―The upper
thread in its passage having encircled the lower thread and so forming a stitch as
the threads are tightened in the cloth.-For practical purposes I find antifriction
rollers are not necessary and they may be dispensed with.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the system, mode or manner in or under which the same, is or may
be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I
O consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is :-
First The rotating hook for sewing machines so constructed as to carry a
bobbin for the under thread within itself longitudinally that is to say the axis of
the bobbin being in a direction at right angles to the axis of the rotating hook, and
5 which being carried round within the rotating hook, at each rotation, is passed
through each loop formed by the upper thread, so that sewing is thereby effected
as herein before described with reference to the accompanying Drawing.
.

page_text: Second-The arrangements or devices consisting of case or frame, with a cover
for containing the combined rotating hook and bobbin-carrier_as herein before
described with reference to Figures 1 and 2, of the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The arrangements whereby the combined rotating hook and bobbin-
carrier are driven as herein before described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof I the said John Fisher M'Laren have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Twenty-fifth day of July in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-two.
TAM
MIATTA