IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES AND BICYCLE STANDS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Browett, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and William Harrison, of 128, Portland Street, Manchester,
aforesaid, Sewing Machine Factor, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BICYCLES AND BICYCLE STANDS."
Sealed the 23rd February 1877, and dated the 21st September 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Browett and William
Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September
1876.
THOMAS BROWETT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
WILLIAM HARRISON, of 128, Portland Street, Manchester, aforesaid, Sewing Machine
Factor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES AND BICYCLE STANDS."
The first part of our Invention is an arrangement of brake which obviates the
destruction of rubber tyres caused by the action of the ordinary type of brake.
The brake consists of a pair of levers of the first kind mounted on suitable fulcra
which at one end may be made to clip the iron tyre of the wheel when the farther
ends of the levers are separated by any suitable arrangement.
The second part of our Invention consists of an improved crank pin and pedal
designed to obviate the play in all directions produced by wear, and to provide
efficient lubrication. Firstly, the pin, which is in one piece, is not parallel through-
out but tapers from both ends towards the middle. Secondly, the pedal proper is
made in two halves, which are bored and suitably fitted to the pins, and are drawn
together by any convenient arrangement of screw; lubrication is provided for by a
chamber in the middle of each half of the pedal, which may be filled with oil in any
convenient way.
The third part of our Invention consists of an adjustable step for mounting, &c.,
such as to be readily fixed in a position to suit any rider; a bracket suitably fixed
to the body of the machine in any convenient place terminates in a boss which is
bored and screwed to fit a rod, one end of which is formed into the step; this rod
stands vertical, and by twisting in one or the other direction the step is raised or
lowered and can be fixed in any position by a lock nut.
The fourth part of our Invention consists of such a method of securing the handle
bar to the tapered square end of the fork as to cause the nut when unscrewed to
Price 8d1

page_text: This
remove the handle from the square (on which it frequently sticks fast now).
we accomplish by making the nut with an enlarged flange on its under side, and
passing a ring bored large enough to clear the flange, but having an internal
shoulder on its upper edge bored large enough to pass the nut only and bed on the
flange. The lower part of this cap is then screwed on to or otherwise secured to
the handle bar.
The fifth part of our Invention consists of a stand, by which the machine is sup-
ported on rods forked at the upper end to receive parts of the frame of the machine,
and whose lower ends are made to clip and take into racks or their equivalent on
the base frame. These rods are caused to incline outwards from one another, and
are connected to each other and to the base by a cord in such a manner that the
cord is in tension. By adjusting the rope and the position of the rods on the base
the stand may be made to accomodate any size of bicycle, and the hind, front or
both wheels may be raised from the ground so as to be free to revolve.
"
The sixth part of our Invention consists of a light portable stand, in which the
peripheries of the wheels rest in foot pieces at right angles to the plane of the
wheels and of suitable width to give stability, whose distance apart is controlled
of the machine it
by a cord, and is such as to be greater than the "wheel base
is desired to support, so that the recesses for the wheels being cut on the stand
the weight of the machine tends to keep this cord in tension. Having been
suitably fixed to the front foot piece the cords are then carried up to the handle
bar or other suitable part of the machine, and may be tightened and held so by any
ordinary rope fastening, such as is used on tents and such like.
The seventh part of our Invention relates to lubricators for use on bicycles, and
as designed to give a more equable and constant supply of the lubricant to the
running parts. To obtain this end we construct a lubricator (whose case may be
just like the ordinary circular pocket oil can) and so constructed as when pressed
to on the metal side emit a jet of oil. Inside this case we place a needle long
enough to come through the spout and project a convenient distance through a
small tube with a bell mouth placed in what becomes when inverted the top. This
needle we surround with a long plug of cork, so that its tendency to float will
press itself against the under side of the before-mentioned tube in the top so as to
exclude air. The vibration caused by the road will keep opening and closing this
top valve off; every time air is allowed to come in at the top oil will run out at
the bottom into the bearing. Besides this, pressure on the side will give an extra
flush of oil when required; the lubricator is filled by depressing the needle.which
projects in the cup at the top and pouring in the lubricant.
The eighth part of our Invention consists of a form of lubricator in which stiff
grease is used in the lubricant. A tube which a pistor & pistor rod surrounded
by a spiral spring is surrounded by a cap to screw on the top for the spring to press
against. The lower end is open; the pistor rod projects through the cap at the top,
and in order to fill the lubricator this is drawn outwards, raising the pistor and
compressing the spring, in which position it may be filled with grease and then
put in its place so that the lower end of the tube nearly touches the bearing. The
spring will press the solid plug of grease on to the bearing, and as it wears away
by friction, and melted by any heat generated, will supply the bearing. The tube
may be reduced at the lower end to any convenient size by a loose nozzle or
otherwise.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Browett and William Harrison in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th March 1877.
THOMAS BROWETT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
WILLIAM HARRISON, of 128, Portland Street, Manchester, aforesaid, Sewing Machine
Factor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES AND BICYCLE STANDS."
Our Invention relates to improvements in bicycles and bicycle stands, and→
The first part of our Invention is an arrangement of brake which obviates the
destruction of rubber tyres caused by the action of the ordinary type of brake. The
brake consists of a pair of levers of the first kind mounted on suitable fulcra,
which at one end may be made to clip the iron tyre of the wheel when the further
ends of the levers are separated by any suitable arrangement.
The second part of our Invention consists of an improved crank pin and pedal,
designed to obviate the play in all directions produced by wear and to provide
efficient lubrication. Firstly, the pin, which is one piece, is not parallel throughout,
but tapers from both ends towards the middle. Secondly, the pedal proper is made
in two halves, which are bored and suitably fitted to the pins, and are driven
together by any convenient arrangement of screw. Lubrication is provided for by
a chamber in the middle of each half of the pedal, which may be filled with oil in
any convenient way.
The third part of our Invention consists of an adjustable step for mounting and
etcetera, such as to be readily fixed in a position to suit any rider. A bracket
suitably fixed to the body of the machine in any convenient place terminates in a
boss, which is bored and screwed to fit a rod, one end of which is formed into the
step. This rod stands vertical, and by twisting in one or the other direction the
step is raised or lowered, and can be fixed in any position by a lock nut.
The fourth part of our Invention consists of such a method of securing the handle
bar to the tapered square end of the fork so as to cause the nut when unscrewed to
remove the handle from the square (on which it frequently sticks fast now). This
we accomplish by making the nut with an enlarged flange on its under side, and
passing a ring bored large enough to clear the flange but having an internal.
shoulder on its upper edge bored large enough to pass the nut only and bed on the
flange. The lower part of this cap is then screwed on to or otherwise secured to
the handle bar.
The fifth part of our Invention consists of a stand, by which the machine is
supported on rods forked at the upper end to receive parts of the frame of the
machine, and whose lower ends are made to clip and take into racks, or their
equivalent, on the base frame. These rods are caused to incline outwards from one
another, and are connected to each other and to the base by a cord in such a
manner that the cord is in tension. By adjusting the rope and the position of the
rods on the base the stand may be made to accomodate any size bicycle, and the
hind, front or both wheels may be raised from the ground, so as to be free to
revolve.
The sixth part of our Invention consists of a light portable stand, in which the
peripheries of the wheels rest on foot pieces at right angles to the plane of the
wheels and of suitable width to give stability, whose distance apart is controlled by
a cord, and is such as to be greater than the wheel base of the inachine it is desired
to support, so that the recesses for the wheels being cut on the slant the weight of
the machine tends to keep this cord in tension. Having been suitably fixed to the
front foot piece the cords are then carried up to the handle bar or other suitable
part of the machine, and may be tightened and held so by any ordinary rope
fastening, such as is used on tents and such like.
The seventh part of our Invention relates to lubricators for use on bicycles, and
is designed to give a more equable and constant supply of the lubricant to the
running parts. To obtain this end we construct a lubricator whose case may be
just like the ordinary circular pocket oil can, and so constructed as when pressed on

page_text: the flexible metal side to emit a jet of oil. Inside this case we place a needle long
enough to come through the spout and project a convenient distance through a
small tube with a bell mouth placed in what becomes when inverted the top; this
needle we surround with a long plug of cork, so that its tendency to float will press
itself against the under side of the before-mentioned tube in the top, so as to
exclude air. The vibration caused by the road will keep opening and closing this
top valve, and every time air is allowed to come in at the top and will run out at the
bottom on to the bearing. Besides, the pressure on the side will give an extra flush
of oil when required. The lubricator is filled by depressing the needle which
projects in the cup at the top and pouring in the lubricant.
The eighth part of our Invention consists of a form of lubricator in which stiff
grease is used as the lubricant. A tube, with a piston and piston rod surrounded
by a spiral spring, is surmounted by a cap to screw on the top for the spring to
press against. The lower end is open; the piston rod projects through the cap at
the top, and in order to fill the lubricator this is drawn outwards, raising the piston
and compressing the spring, in which position it may be filled with grease and then
put in its place, so that the lower end of the tube nearly touches the bearing. The
spring will press the solid plug of grease on to the bearing, and as it wears away
by friction and melted by any heat generated will supply the bearing. The tube
may be reduced at the lower end to any convenient size by a loose nozzle or
otherwise.
And in order that our said Invention may be thoroughly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will now proceed to describe the same with reference to and by
the aid of the annexed Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
In carrying out the first part of our Invention the brake we arrange (as shewn in
Fig. I.), two levers a, a, b, b, of the first kind on suitable fulcra, which are firmly
fixed to a separate plate (which is so constructed as to be easily attached to the
framework of an ordinary bicycle) or the fulcra may be fixed direct to framework.
One end of a cord c, c, is attached to any of the mechanisms now in use for a like
purpose, so as to be capable of being caused to travel away from the brake, and its
lower end terminates in a circular metal disc a, grooved on its edge in such a
manner as to slide freely on the inner edges of the levers a and b, for which purpose
the edges of the levers are made of a like configuration to the groove in the disc,
and also smooth. These levers incline towards each other from their fulcra on the
side away from the wheel, and thus when the cord is caused to travel away from
the wheel the disc d acting the part of a wedge causes these ends to separate,
and therefore the ends on the other side of the fulera, and which carry the brake
pads, to converge and grip the sides of the metal tyre. On the cord being slackened
a spring e, which is mounted on a pin in the position shewn, causes the levers and
disc to resume their first position, in which the pads are clear of the tyre.
The pads or blocks which press on the tyre are made detachable so as to be easily
renewed when worn, and may be made of wood, metal, vulcanite, or other such
substance.
.
The whole working parts may in all cases be protected from dust by a metal
apron fixed to the fulcrum studs. By these means the rider may apply any amount
of grip to the tyre, while at the same time, since the pressure is taken from one
lever to the other, the levers are free to move sideways, describing ares round their
fulcra, and thus yield to any untrueness of the tyre in the vertical plane of the
wheel. Instead of a disc acting the part of a wedge being used to separate the
outer ends of the levers, links may be slung to their extremities, joining each other
at an angle towards the wheel, so that when the cord attached to their point of
junction is caused to travel as before the links will act as a knuckle joint, and
approaching a straight line separate the levers. Any other well-known motion
which is suitable for this purpose may be used.
In Fig. 2, a form of plate to carry the fulcra on which the levers work is shewn,
being made in the form of a T, the top bar of which carries the fulcra, and the
stem takes into the slot now used in many bicycles for the lever of the ordinary

page_text: roller brake-to work in, and this plate may be secured in the slot by the same pin
on which the roller brake lever before turned.
Fig. III. represents a section through x, y, Fig. 1, that is, through the lower
ends of the levers and the brake pads, shewing a mid-feather a, which fits into a
groove formed in the detachable pad b to take the pressure caused by its friction
on the wheel when the brake is applied. The pads may be further secured by pins,
screws, or cement to the ears c, c, made on the levers for that purpose, and the
other ear a at right angles to c, c, rests on the fork so as to take the strain off
the levers and fulcra when the brake is applied.
Fig. IV. shews a simpler arrangement of the levers, which effects only the ends
of the levers at which the power is applied, and for this purpose the levers cross
each other, the under one being all in one plane from end to end, but the other
made as shewn in part side elevation at Fig. V., so that its one half is on top of the
other from the fulcrum so as to clear the lower lever. The cord c, c, terminates in
this case in an eyelet of metal or simply in a loop, through which passes free to
move another shorter piece whose two ends are attached to the ends of the levers
a and b respectively; thus when the cord is tightened the ends of the levers will
describe converging arcs about their fulcra, and the further ends will grip the wheels
as before, the whole mechanism being placed in such a position relatively to the
wheel whether used as a front or hind wheel brake as to gain this end. This
arrangement, on account of its simplicity and yielding nature (there being no rigid
connection between the levers), is preferred by us.
In Fig. V., ff, f, is a portion of the backbone and hind fork of an ordinary
bicycle, and g is a section of the tyre with two short pieces of two spokes
attached. Although shewn V shaped the brake may be constructed to suit any
section, and may be made to press on any portion of it. Instead of the levers
a and b terminating in pads to rub on the wheel small rollers may be fitted on
suitable spindles formed on the ends of the levers. These rollers may be parallel or
coned either way so that friction will be gonerated on their surface, which in
addition to the friction on their spindles will produce the retarding force.
The pull on the cord necessary to apply the brake, whether used on front or
hind wheel, may be obtained by any of the methods now in use, or any simple
modification of any and all such methods which will vary with each construction
of the machine.
In cases where it is desired to apply a brake to each wheel it is recommended to
separate the mechanisms for actuating each so that the use of both or either may
be at the option of the rider. Altho' both the forms shewn in Figs. 1 and 4 shew
the levers mounted on separate fulcra they may, when desired, be mounted on
concentric fulcra, that is to say, on the same rod or pin.
In all brakes applied to bicycles there is a tendency to apply them hard on too
suddenly, which is dangerous, especially in the case of front wheel brakes, where
too sudden a hold on the wheel unites the frame for a short period with the
periphery of the wheel, the result being that the bicycle "kicks," as it is termed,
and the rider is thrown over the handles. This would be especially the case with
so powerful a brake as ours, and we have therefore designed a remedy applicable to
this and other brakes as follows:-
:-
In any part desired of the flexible medium which transmits the power to the
brake we introduce a spring link, so that the small motion which would otherwise
be required to apply the brake full on is augmented, for when the pads first grip
the wheel it will be with a power due only to the difference of the strength of the
spring introduced in the cord and the one used to separate the levers when the
cord is slackened, and in order to increase this grip the cord may be still further
tightened and a greater tension will be transmitted thro' the spring link.
Fig. 6 represents one form we employ for this purpose. The cord c, c, is
continuous, but it is doubled back in the way shewn and round an india-rubber
ring d, d. When this cord is put in tension the ring will give according to the
strain, the ultimate maximum strain being when the loop in the cord c, c, becomes

page_text: straight and takes the strain. Should the spring link thus formed break the cord is
still available, being continuous.
Figure 7 shews another form which is applicable in any part of the cord where it
is found convenient, but especially to the form of brake shewn in Figure IV., where
the single cord c, c, is attached to the middle of a flat piece of steel spring 8, 8, and
the two cords a and b which are fastened to the ends of the brake levers are fastened
to the extremities of the same spring, as shewn. To render the cord continuous for
fear of breakage of the springs, the cords attached to the ends of the levers are
merely knotted or otherwise secured where they pass thro' the holes in the end of
the spring, and are then continued on slack to the main cord where they are
suitably connected to it. This arrangement we have found both convenient and
efficient.
Figure 8 represents an end view of the pedal, the second part of our Invention,
in which a, c, e, is the top half, and b, c, d, the bottom in the Figure. These two
halves form when fitted together by a joint such as is common in plummer blocks
the body of the pedal, which consists of a hollow cylinder of octagon or other
convenient form inade in two halves and jointed lengthwise, as shewn; on each of
these halves is made in one piece with it an eliptical or oval-shaped ring, shewn in
end elevation at c, c, and d, d, Figure 8, and in plan d, d, Figure 9. These
rings are not flat on their upper surface, but curved slightly across their smaller
diameter to fit the sole of the foot comfortably, and have also 2 smaller lips e, e,
Figure 8, at the ends of their larger diameters to prevent the foot slipping off
sideways. On these rings are also formed bosses projecting slightly inwards, which
are bored and screwed to fit short bolts f, f, and g, g, which take into them and are
employed to unite the two halves of the pedal. These bolts are screwed right and
left hand at their 2 ends respectively, and have a square and hexagon piece formed in
their middle at h, h, so that they may be caused to revolve by a key to regulate
from time to time the play on the pin produced by wear; to allow of this tightening
up the two halves of the pedal do not quite meet at their joint, and the small
longitudinal grooves thus formed permit the lubricant (which is introduced thro' a
hole b, Figure 9, into the chamber c, c,) to reach all points of the pin, especially when
the pedal is turned up edgewise to introduce the lubricant. The hole.b may be
closed by a screw or other common device.
Figure 9 is a plan of the bottom part b, d, d, of Figure 8, and shews a section of the
chamber c, c, and oil hole b, and conical bearings d, d; a, a, are the bosses into
which the bolts screw. All this part of the pedal will be made of cast malleable
iron or other suitable metal, and when preferred the rings on which the foot rests
may have grooves formed in their upper surfaces and a leather ring fixed in them to
give a better "bite" to the foot. Two recesses e and f are formed in the ends of
the pedal to receive the collars e and f on the pin Figure 10.
Figure 10 shews a separate view of the crank pin, in which a is the screwed
part on which a nut fits to attach it to the crank against which the collar b beds as
is customary now; d, d, are the conical bearings; c, c, is the parallel part of the
crank pin surrounded when in place by the larger chamber c, c, Figure 8; the two
collars e and f fit loosely into the two recesses e and f, Figure 9, to help to keep
grit from the conical bearings, which object may be further obtained by affixing a
leather washer to the end of the collar e slightly larger in diameter. As regards
that portion of this pedal on which the foot presses, we do not confine ourselves to
the oval rings, as any other form may be made on the same principle. Instead of
the bolts ff, and g, g, being screwed right and left hand, one end may be plain and
rivetted over but left free to turn as g is shewn
The third part of our Invention is an improved adjustable step, a side elevation
of which is shewn in Figure XI., where f, g, is a portion of the backbone and hind
fork of an ordinary bicycle. The hind fork is enlarged at k to allow the shank of
a bracket i, e, e, to pass thro' it and be secured by a nut or other means. The other
end of this bracket is enlarged into a boss i, e, which is bored and tapped to fit a
rod c, c, which may be squared, as shewn at b, to allow a key to be applied to turn

page_text: it. Above this is the circular or other shaped step "a," roughed as is usual to
prevent the foot slipping. The vertical rod c, c, is screwed as indicated by the
dotted lines near its edges, and thus when caused to revolve it will rise or descend
in the bracket i, e, and thus alter the height of the step; when adjusted the
lock d may be tightened down to secure it there. Although shewn detached to
the hind fork this arrangement may be fixed to any convenient. part of the
machine.
Figure 12 represents the fourth part of our Invention, which has for its object
the removal of that part of the bicycle known as the handle box from the tapered
square end of the fork.
In the Figure a, a, is a nut, such as is used now to secure the handle bar e, e, on
the spindle b, g, g, with the addition of an enlarged flange c, c, on its under side;
over this flange is passed a circular cap d, d, shaped as shewn, so that its internal
flange at the top beds on the flange round the nut. The lower part of this cap is
internally screwed to fit a similar thread on the body of the handle bar e, e; g, g, is
the tapered square part of the spindle b, g, g, f, which forms part of the fork in
"socket" machines, and on which the handle bar frequently gets fast now, so that it
is difficult to remove it to oil or clean the " socket."
It will be seen that when the nut a, a, is unscrewed it will rise ou the end b of
the spindle, and being capped over and attached to the handle frame e, e, it will
draw it off the tapered part g, g, of the spindle.
The Figure represents a section of a well-known form of handle bar frame, the
bar itself passing through the hole k, and being secured there so as to be free to
revolve.
The cord for actuating the brake, whether ours or others, is attached to the bar
in the middle, the recess h, h, being made to receive the cord wound round the
bar.
The frame e, e, and bar is called generally the handle bar, so our improvement
may be described as a handle bar lifting nut. The nut is free to revolve in the
cap a, which may be screwed on to e, e, as shewn, or pinned, soldered, or otherwise
secured.
The above is only one of many forms which the same improvement is capable of,
and we do not restrict ourselves to this form only.
The fifth part of our Invention relates to bicycle stands constructed in such a.
way that the wheels, either or both, are free to revolve when required.
>> <<
Figure 13 represents an outline side elevation of a bicycle, shewing the general
method of support and attachment, in which "a," a," is one of the rods supporting
the front part of the bicycle by taking hold of the front fork near its lower end
(details of which are shewn Figs. 14, 15, and 16). 1, 1, is the hind forked rod by
which the hind wheel is raised clear of the foot plate "r" (details of which are
shewn in Figs. 17 and 18).
The best idea of the method of construction will be gained by reference to Fig. 14.
All the parts are lettered in 13 and 14 with the same letters.
The main frame r, k, g, r, k, has near its forward end a boss b, through which
passos a round rod c, c, whose ends are fitted to two small feet d, d, which rest on
the ground.
On the rod c, c, are also mounted, free to slide, to accommodate
different widths of fork, two rods a, a, ending in an arrangement of eccentric clip f
The bicycle stands in general with its wheels on the foot plates r, r, which
though shewn flat in the Figure may be shaped to fit the wheel. When it is
required to raise the front wheel so as to be free to revolve the fork f, f, Figs. 15
and 16, is raised, and the eccentric clutch and lover "e," "e," being in the position
shewn, the fork being tapered downwards, will allow the eccentric to fall over more,
and on the weight of the bicycle being allowed to press the fork down again it will
become firmly gripped by this arrangement between the stud d and eccentric e, which
is mounted on a strong pin c. Instead of this eccentric a plain wedge may be used
in the same way.
The rods a, a, are not vertical, but being free to turn on the round bar c, c,
inclined forwards, and these are kept in any required position by chains
"
ور
m...

page_text: which are attached at the one end to the arms h, h, of the base frame, and being
held on the hook "n" in the forked rod 1, 1, Fig. 17, pass on to the upper ends of
the rods "
a," "a," where they are suitably attached in such a manner as to be
capable of adjustment to various lengths. On account of the inclined position of
the rods a, a, the chain m will be in tension. By increasing the length of chain
between the levers a and the hind wheel may be raised, the front falling on to
the foot plater, and by varying the lengths of these chains in different parts the
position of the rods will vary, and either both or neither wheels may be left free to
revolve.
Fig. 18 shews front and side views of a clip to support the hind part of the
bicycle, and which is borne, and its height from base regulated, by a pin p taking
into holes in both arms of the forked support L, L. The small ear marked t lies in
between the two arms of the fork spanning the hind wheel. As it will frequently not
be desired to support the hind wheel in such a manner as to be free to revolve, this
being readily done by raising the backbone, the forked rod l, l, and all belonging
may be dispensed with and the chains from a, a, be hooked directly into the base
frame as before. When used the rod 1, 1, is capable of varying positions on the base
frame by being made to span the part "g," and being fixed at any of the holes
therein by a pin, instead of which arrangement a rack may be used. The whole
framework rests on the ground at the three points d, d, k, so as to accommodate
uneven floors.
When chain is used the ordinary oval twisted link is preferred, being readily
hooked on the hooks n, n; cord may be used and tightened, as shewn and described
Fig. 21.
Figures 19 and 20 represent a side elevation and plan of the sixth part of our
Invention described as a light portable stand. The wheels w, w, rest on shoes d, e,
f, and g, which are adjusted so that the weight of the bicycle resting on their
inclined surfaces keeps the cord c, c, joining them in tension. The front shoe pre-
vents the machine running forward, and the hind from running backwards. The
cords attached to the hind shoe g are secured at k, k, by a thumbscrew to the
ends d and f of the front shoe, and then pass over the handles or other part of the
framework, and are brought into tension against each other and held so by the cord
holder, shewn Fig. 21, or other similar and equivalent fastening. In Fig. 21 the
cord c, c, is fastened to one end of the piece a, b, and then passes upwards through
the ring over the handle, again through the ring, and then through the end a
of a, b, at an angle to the horizontal axis of the piece. When the ring is at the
top, as shewn, the holder can be adjusted by depressing the piece a, b; when tight
enough the ring is slid down the cords and sprung over the knot k, which as
represented by the dotted lines gives an extra bend to the cord, increasing its hold
in the piece a, b. To loosen the cords the ring is first raised.
Figures 22 and 23 shew another form of this kind of stand in which the hind
shoeg is taken away from the hind wheel and brought to the front, being made in
one piece with the front shoe. In order to accommodate uneveness in the floor this
double shoe stands on the three points d, f, g, the middle e clearing the ground. The
cords c, c, pass up from the ends d and fas before, being secured by passing through
the top into a recess shewn at d, Fig. 24, where the end is knotted. The other
part passes over the handle bar and is secured as before. Instead of the shoes a
and being directly joined bars start from d and f to g, thus forming a triangle
in plan.
Figure 24 shews a front end view of the bar and shoe d, e, f, the end d being in
section; also a side view of the handle h and part of the bar. Instead of cords
chains or other flexible band in tension may be used.
The seventh part of our Invention relates to a form of needle lubricator in which
the needle a, a, Figs. 25 and 26, is floated in the oil on a cylinder of cork being
introduced into the case b, d, through the ring f, f, when the screw cap e, e, is
removed. The needle continues downwards through a small hole in the cap e, e, in
which it slides free and pierces the cork c, c, coming out at its lower end and pro-

page_text: jecting some distance into the delivery spout g. This needle does not touch the
shaft as is usual to derive its motion, but is floated up and down by the shaking of
the liquid in the case caused by the roughness of the road; the spout g may there-
fore be bent to serve as a supply pipe to any bearing being fixed in any convenient
place. The ring f, f, is soldered to the case b, d, and internally screwed to receive
the cap e, e, through which are several small holes to admit air to allow the liquid
to flow out, these being closed by the cork c, c, when it rises again. The needle
a, a, is tapered downwards throughout, so that by adjusting it in the cork float up
or down a greater or less space for the flow of the lubricant may be left clear in the
supply pipe g; thus the orifice may be suited to the requirements of each case and
the viscosity of the oil. To fill it is only necessary to remove the cap e, e, or pour
slowly through the holes in it, depressing the needle. As shewn the case is circular
and has a flexible diaphram b on its side like the present oil cans, and thus pressure
on this will give an extra flush of oil when required. The case may however
merely consist of a tube of larger internal bore than the cork c, c,
as the
case will allow. Figure 25 is a side elevation; and Figure 26 a full section
through x, y..
Figures 27 and 28 shew an elevation and section of the eighth part of our Inven-
tion, where c, c, is the case of the lubricator; b, a piston rod passing through the
cap e and terminating in a piston d, between which and the cap e is a coiled spring f
shewn compressed in Figure 28. On the upper end of b which is screwed is a nut.
To fill the case with grease, which is the lubricant used, the piston d is drawn up,
as shewn; the spout g is removed by giving a slight twist to the case c, c, to release
pin from its slot, and the tube may then be filled by thrusting it into a piece of
grease. The tube g is replaced, and the spring being released forces a plug of grease
through g into the bearing. The nut ɑ may be lowered on to e to stop the action
when required.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which
the same is or may be carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that we do
not confine ourselves to the precise details herein given, as they may be varied or
modified to suit certain circumstances, so long as the general principles and arrange-
ments herein-before described are adhered to; but that what we claim and desire to
be secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. We claim the arrangement of brake for retarding the revolution of the
wheels by means of pads or rollers at the end of lovers pressed on to the metal
tyre of the wheel, so arranged as to grip it in the manner shewn on Drawings, and
herein-before described.
Secondly. The use of a spring link placed anywhere in the cord or chain which
actuates the brake, so as to modify its effects and produce a yielding pressure, for
the purposes herein-before set forth and shown.
Thirdly. The form of pedal herein described and shewn, especially the construction
of the pin, and putting the pedal on in two parts.
Fourthly. The arrangement of adjustable step, as before described, and shewn on
Drawings.
Fifthly. The method of attaching the nut to the handle bar for the purpose of
removing the bar from the spindle on which it fits, as before described and
shewn.
Sixthly. The method of supporting a bicycle so that its wheel may be free to
revolve when desired, especially the eccentric clip and the cords in tension, as shewn
and described.
Seventhly. The use of a shoe or shoes on which the wheel rests, and the sup-
porting of the bicycle in a vertical position by means of cords passed from this shoe
to the frame of the machine, such cords being in tension against each other on
opposite sides of the bicycle, together with the form of cord holder, as described and
shewn in Drawings.
Eighthly. The construction of the needle lubricator in which the needle is floated
in the liquid, substantially as described and shown,

page_text: And, Lastly. The construction of the grease lubricator, especially the piston urged
by a spring, as before described and shewn in the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Browett, on behalf of myself and the
said William Harrison, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth
day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-seven,
THO. BROWETT. (L.S.)