A Magnetic Separator for Abstracting Magnetic Substances from Tea, Wheat, and other Materials Previously to Passing through Rollers.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Mar., 1889
A Magnetic Separator for Abstracting Magnetic Substances from
Tea, Wheat, and other Materials Previously to Passing through
Rollers.
I, JAMES HARDIE MULEAN, of 39 Atlantic Avenue, Belfast, Ireland, Electrician
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
:-
The Magnetic Separator is intended to catch the nails, tacks and screws, whether
iron or steel, which are liable to be in Tea, Wheat and such materials that require to
pass through rollers in the process of grinding &c. and so prevent them from destroying
the rollers. The separator may be placed either in the hoppers of the mills or in
the shoots through which the material has to pass on its way to the hoppers of the mills.
It is constructed as follows:-
To place in a Hopper,-A wooden beam (which carries the suspended magnets) is
placed across the mouth of the hopper, and is held in position by four clamps, shown
in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
These clamps slide out or in, in brass slides which are screwed on to the sidesof the
wooden beam, so that it will fit hoppers of different widths, a screw is placed on each
slide, which is tightened when the clamp is in its proper position. Horse-shoe magnets,
single or compound, are suspended by brass chains which are attached to square brass
rods passing through brass guides in the beam. These rods are screwed at the top end
to fit nuts, which on being turned regulate the height of the magnets from the top of
the rollers.
The chains, being rigid, prevent the magnets from turning round, and so keep them
in their proper position; namely the north pole of one facing or nearest to the south
pole of the other, (as shown in the drawing) this being the position in which they
retain their magnetism longest, and at the same time exert their utmost magnetic
attraction. The number of magnets is not confined to three, (as shown in drawing)
but can be varied to suit the length of the rollers and the quantity of material passing
through the rollers.
For placing in a shoot, the wooden beam is made the breadth of the shoot and bas
no clumps as on that intended for a hopper, but is fitted on as a part of the cover
itself, and is held in its position by ordinary catches or bolts.

page_text: The magnets are suspended in exactly the same way as that intended for the
hopper.
«
The features of novelty of this apparatus are as follows:-The magnets being
suspended" are free to move about in the hoppers and shoots among the material
passing, and thereby allow the magnets to follow and catch the nails &c. in their
passage. The magnets are also placed close to each other, so that a strong magnetic
field is obtained and any iron or steel such as nails, tacks, screws &c. which may be in
the material passing are at once caught by some of the magnets and held until they
are picked off which can easily be accomplished at the end of each day.
Dated this Third day of May 1888.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Magnetic Separator for Abstracting Magnetic Substances from
Tea, Wheat, and other Materials Previously to Passing through
Rollers.
I, JAMES HARDIE MCLEAN of 39 Atlantic Avenue, Belfast, Ireland, Electrician, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention is devised with the object of abstracting magnetic substances from tea,
and also from wheat and other grain and materials which are to be subjected to the
process of grinding, thus preventing damage to the rollers of the mills. In the latter
applications the improved separator may be adapted to the hoppers employed to feed
the grain or other materials to the mills, or to the shutes through which the materials
to be ground pass to the hoppers, the magnetic substances contained in such materials
being caught and retained in their passage through said hoppers or shutes.
In order that my invention may be the better understood I have appended the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which Figure 1 represents a beam supported at
each end by two clamps, and from which are suspended a number of horseshoe
magnets, Figure 2 being an end view of same. Figure 3 is a side elevational view of
one end of a supporting beam provided with one clamp only, and Figure 4 is an end
elevational view of same. Figure 5 is an elevational view of one end of a beam with
one clamp to be hereinafter more particularly referred to, and Figure 6 is an end
elevational view of same showing an alternative method of arranging the slides.
Figure 7 is a sectional elevational view of a portion of a beam showing one type of
bearing for the support of a square sectioned pin to be hereinafter more particularly
described.
In accordance with my invention I provide a beam A of suitable sectional size, to

page_text: each end of which are adapted two clamps B, having tongues or extension pieces a,
which latter move freely within slides, shown in dotted lines Figure 1 formed at the
ends of said beam A, and are secured in the desired position by thumb screws, bolts or
equivalents b. The slides above mentioned are formed by cutting out grooves or
channels of suitable depth, within which are inserted non-magnetic metal boxes,
preferably of brass, to serve as bearings for the tongues or extension pieces a: said
metal boxes being secured in the grooves or channels aforesaid, by plates c of similar
metal to that employed for the boxes, screwed, bolted or otherwise attached to the
surface of the beam A aforesaid.
I may under some circumstances employ only one clamp at each end of the beam A
instead of two as above described, in which case the weight of the beam and accessories,
instead of being borne by the thickness of the tongue or extension piece as shown in
Figure 1, would be borne by the width thereof, as shown at a Figure 3, this being
the position of its greatest strength. The adoption of this last arrangement of the
tongue or extension piece a of the clamp B would necessitate a corresponding altera-
tion in the position of the slide which must be vertical instead of horizontal as in
the first above described arrangement, the securing plates c being disposed upon the
upper and under surfaces of the beam A the binding screws, bolts or equivalents b
passing preferably through the upper plate.
At suitable distances apart are a number of holes, within, which are inserted
flanged plugs or bushes C, having square holes formed therein for the reception of a
corresponding number of eye bolts or pins D, which latter have a screw thread cut
thereon upon which takes a thumb nute. From the eyes of the eyebolts or pins D, are
suspended by short, close link chains of non-magnetic metal, permanent horseshoo
magnets F simple or compound as may be desired. Said magnets may, as required,
be raised and lowered within certain limits, by means of the thumb nut e upon the
eyebolt D, and the object of employing a chain formed of close short links is, that in
ensuring to said chains a certain amount of rigidity, the magnets F, while free to
oscillate in any direction, shall maintain a position parallel with each other, that is to
say, with the poles of one magnet forming a magnetic field with the opposite poles of
the adjacent magnet or magnets.
As an alternative method to the foregoing of bushing the holes in the beam A I
may dispense with the bushes C, and simply form square holes in said beam, and place
thereupon a plate or washer G, having a square hole formed centrally therein corre-
sponding to the hole in the beam A, to which latter it is secured by any convenient
means as shown in Figure 7. In adapting the beam A-which serves as a bridge-to
a hopper, the clamps are allowed to rest upon the upper edges thereof, to which
they are secured by the thumbscrews or bolts à, the thumb screws or bolts 6 at the ends
of the beam A being then tightened to hold the tongues or extension pieces a firmly in
position. In its application to the shutes of grinding mills however, the clamps B
would preferably be dispensed with, and the beams A are so formed as to serve as a
portion of the cover of the shute, being held and retained in position by suitable bolts,
catches or the like.
The beam A, having been fitted to the hopper or shute, as the case may be, the
suspended magnets are allowed to oscillate among the descending grain or other
materials, in the progress of which all magnotic particles or substances, such as iron
or steel filings, nails, screws, and the like are attracted to and held firmly by the power
of the magnets F, to which such substances cling until forcibly removed, when the
grain or other materials cease to be discharged into the hoppers or shutes above
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First The magnetic separator for abstracting magnetic substances from tea and
---
1
ax matosish to be chinated to the pawase of grind

page_text: Second-The combination with a beam or bridge, adapted to hoppers or shutes of
grinding mills for the suspension of magnets therein, of adjustable clamps substantially
as and for the purposes herein described.
Third: In a magnetic separator the mode of and means employed for regulating
the height of the magnets within the hopper or shute substantially as herein set forth
and shown.
Fourth In the magnetic separator herein described the method which I adopt of
suspending a number of horse shoe magnets substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this with d...
1000
JAMES
STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers,
20, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.