matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE CAMP BED
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Day at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th November
1854.
I, WILLIAM CHARLES DAY, Military Equipage Manufacturer, of the Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PORTABLE CAMP BED" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide a camp bed which may be used
without a bedstead, and also will not require to be packed in a valise to
protect it from damp while being transported from one place to another. These
advantages I effect by applying to the under side of a mattrass a waterproof
material which is of sufficient size to cover the under surface of the mattrass
and turn over to form a counterpane or quilt. Instead of the counterpane
being made of waterproof material, where that is objected to on the score of
health, the counterpane may be made of wool without a waterproof coating,
it being securely attached to one side of the mattrass.
When the bed is required to be packed up for travelling, the blankets and
sheets are enveloped in the folded counterpane, and the mattrass is then rolled
up and strapped over. The waterproof material covering the under side of
the mattrass, and overlapping its edges, will now form a perfect waterproof
protection for the bed and bedding, and thus the necessity for a valise will be
avoided.
A NEW OR IMPROVED LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Cheadle at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th May
1854.
I, GEORGE CHEADLE, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED LUBRICATING COMPOSITION" to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a mixture of the following ingredients,
namely, palm oil, tallow, carbonate of soda, carbonate of potash, and bone
gelatine. The gelatine is dissolved in lime water, or a mixture of lime water
and chalk, and the potash and soda dissolved therein, and the palm oil and
tallow added to the solution, and heat applied thereto, until the whole are
thoroughly incorporated. The composition is made thinner or thicker by the
use of a greater or less quantity of lime water; a small portion of nitre may
be added to preserve the composition. The principal ingredient in this com-
position is the gelatine, and the essence of my Invention consists in making a
lubricating composition composed mainly of gelatine.
A STAMP SAFE
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Durand Gardissal at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
July 1854.
I, CHARLES DURAND GARDISSAL, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, in the
Empire of France, and of 16, Castle Street, Holborn (City), London, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A STAMP
SAFE" to be as follows, viz. :-
This Invention is intended to supply the means of readily using and safely
locking up postage, receipt, and other stamps, labels, and similar papers of
value. The safe consists of a box, case, or of a compartment of any piece of
furniture; this box, case, &c. being suitably shaped, so as to receive any number
of wooden, metallic, or other rollers or spindles, placed at the proper distance,
and capable of turning in the box, &c.
The box can be opened on one side, so as to allow easily of winding the
different kinds of stamps on the different rollers.
The opposite or other side has apertures, so as to allow drawing out the
stamps as they are used; the said side being, for instance, made up of moveable
longitudinal slips or panels, between which the different sheets of stamps are
made to pass, and which may be made to have an elastic or resilient action, by
means of a spring or similar contrivance.

page_text: This side may also have suitable cutting apparatus fixed to it. The stamps
that have been unwound, and are not used at the time, may be coiled back,
either by turning the rollers, by means of knobs projecting outside the box, or
else by means of a spiral spring, or equivalent contrivance, fixed on the spindles
of the rollers.
Also, in order to prevent the uncoiling of the stamp whilst the rollers are
stationary, I employ the frictional contact of a spring or india-rubber band
bearing against the circumference of the coiled sheet. The feeding and
delivering sides, above described, have doors or lids, which can be locked with
a key or other locking apparatus, so as to preserve the stamps from being
interfered with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE POTATOE PLANT, FOR THE PURPOSES OF IMPROVING THE GROWTH OF THE SAME, AND PREVENTING THE DISEASE COMMONLY CALLED 'THE POTATOE DISEASE
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Sykes at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th July
1854.
I, JAMES SYKES, of Helm, near Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE TREATMENT OF THE POTATOE PLANT, FOR THE PURPOSES OF IMPROVING THE
GROWTH OF THE SAME, AND PREVENTING THE DISEASE COMMONLY CALLED 'THE POTATOE
DISEASE," to be as follows, observing,―
Firstly, that the mode hitherto generally practised of treating potatoes during
their cultivation has been, after the stem or stalk has made its appearance
through the ground, to earth up around it from time to time during its growth.
The objection to this mode of treatment is, that the stem or stalk serves to
conduct moisture to the root of the plant, and thus renders it liable to become
diseased, and subjects it to other objections. And the object and intention of
this Invention is to obviate these objections, and to improve the growth of the
plant, by avoiding or greatly reducing the liability. of the plant to become
diseased, which may be effected according to this Invention in the following
manner and by the following means-In treating flowering potatoe plants,
I operate upon them about the time when the flower is dying away from the
plant, and with potatoe plants that do not flower I operate upon them after
they have been in the ground about the same length of time as the flowering
plants, and at such times I proceed to treat such plants in the following

page_text: manner-I bend the stems or stalks thereof down upon the surface of the
ground into a horizontal direction, or nearly so, and whilst in this position I
cover the stalks to the depth of about three inches with earth, ashes, clay, or
other matters; and by thus laying and maintaining the stems or stalks of
the plants during the remainder of their growth I prevent the moisture from
running direct to the roots, and by these means I effect the almost entire
prevention of disease in the potatoe plant, as by the use of this Invention I
have found the average amount of disease to be about 5 per cent., whereas by
the mode hitherto practised of treating the potatoc plant during the cultivation
thereof, the average amount of disease is from 50 to 75 per cent. And it
is this peculiar mode of treating the potatoe plant for improving the growth
thereof, and averting the disease so prevalent therewith, that constitutes this
Invention.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES
Year: 1854

page_text: cation for Leuers
by the Act.)
not given
Prest
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Edwin Moore at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th July
1854.
I, THOMAS EDWIN MOORE, of St. Mary-le-bone, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES" to be as follows:-
My said improvements consist of a vessel formed of plate iron, circular at
the top and flat at the sides & end, and the bottom rounded. At each side is
a water tank for supplying the interior of the vessel, and at the front end is a
mouth-piece with a sliding door, and at the back of the vessel is a collar or
pipe for attaching a hose, and the vessel is further supplied with guages, stop-
cocks, and valves. And secondly, to a syringe, plunger, or screw for charging
the apparatus.
The interior of the vessel contains, 1st, a plain sheet-iron case or division,
& between which & the outer case are two or more pipes; 2nd, a semicircular
perforated roof or crown; and 3rd, a casing, the sides of which descend to the
bottom of the vessel, and above has 2 or more rows of holes on each side
about centrally; within this last case is an iron grating, with guard plates on

page_text: each side; below is placed an oblong sheet-iron tray or box, to receive the
residium falling from the grate; it has a double bottom and is supplied with
water.
I charge the grate of this vessel through the front door aperture by means
of a charging syringe, plunger, or screw, or revolving cylinders.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ralph Engledue and Thomas
Burningham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th January 1854.
We, JOHN RALPH ENGLEDUE, of Southampton, in the County of Hants,
Superintendent of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company,
and THOMAS BURNINGHAM, of Milbrook, in the same County, Clerk, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES" to
be as follows:-
At a point between the usual fire bridge and the front of the furnace, we fit
to or at the top of the furnace a fire bridge or curtain, which we perforate or
not, as may be desired. We admit fuel into the furnace through a hopper,
provided with a sliding plate at bottom. Immediately under this plate, in the
upper part of the furnace door, we place a valve or valves to regulate the
admission of air into the furnace, and under this valve or these valves is an
aperture large enough to allow the shaft of a rake or distributor to pass
through it. The object of this rake is to spread the fuel through the length
of the furnace. When fitted to a steam boiler, we find it advisable to
introduce steam into the front of the furnace under the hopper, in order to
assist in caking the fuel, or forming the small coal into cakes, at the mouth

page_text: of the furnace. By means of our upper bridge or curtain, and by admitting
cold air in such quantities only as may be necessary, we facilitate the con-
sumption of smoke, and at the same time obtain a degree of heat which has
only hitherto been attained at or about the usual fire bridge.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julius Smith and Frank Sandom
Thomas at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 23rd May 1854.
We, JULIUS SMITH, of Henry Place, Bride St., and FRANK SANDOM
THOMAS, of South Terrace, Walworth, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS" to be as
follows, that is to say::-
Our Invention has for its object the steering of ships and other vessels by
an arrangement of mechanism, through the intervention of which the action
of the waves upon the rudder may be prevented from altering the position of
the steering wheel, in such manner as to obviate the danger generally inci-
dental to the most efficient steering apparatus in which the screw is employed,
namely, of the breaking or carrying away of the rudder by the said action;
to effect which object we employ, in connection with the ordinary steering
wheel, a screw shaft and nut of short rake and pitch, giving motion to a
horizontal traversing guide rod, which acts upon an oscillating drum wheel,
round which the steering chains are coiled. The interior of the drum wheel is
fitted with a transverse cylinder containing a piston, against which volutes or
spiral springs are caused to press; an arrangement of friction rollers coupling
the steering chains with the piston is so acted upon, and independantly of, the

page_text: steering wheel, that the action of the waves upon the rudder may bring into
play the spring, and relieve the parts connected with the steering wheel. We
claim the construction and employment of the drum wheel, fitted with trans-
verse cylinder piston and volutes or screw springs, in the manner and for the
purposes herein-before described and set forth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEA- SURING AND INDICATING THE DISTANCES TRAVERSED BY CARRIAGES
Year: 1854

page_text: nvention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Buchan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th February 1854.
I, PETER BUCHAN, of Peterhead, North Britain, but at present residing at
Drumkewin, in the County of Leitrim, Ireland, Esquire, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEA-
SURING AND INDICATING THE DISTANCES TRAVERSED BY CARRIAGES" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a system or mode of measuring and indicating
distances traversed over by cabs, omnibuses, railway carriages, steam boats,
and other conveyances, and consists in the employment of a train of spur
wheels in connections with one of the running wheels of the carriage, or, if
applied to steam boats, in connection with the paddle wheels or main shaft.
The first wheel of the series, the spindles or axles of which runs in two
bearings, one on the main axle of the carriage and the other attached to the
under side of the carriage body, is actuated by a tooth or tappet in the boss
or nave of one of the running wheels, or in the main shaft of the engine; by
this means the first spur wheel is impelled one tooth for every revolution of
the running wheel or main shaft, and this motion is reduced by means of large
spur wheels and pinions. The distances travelled over are indicated by a
pointer or index on a suitable dial, properly protected by a plate of strong
glass, inside the vehicle or steam boat.
A COMPRESSIBLE LIFE BOAT
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hiram Berdan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th December
1854.
I, HIRAM BERDAN, of the City, County, and State of New York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A COMPRESSIBLE LIFE BOAT" to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists in the novel construction of a frame to support &
sustain in shape a covering of india-rubber, india-rubber cloth, or any flexible
waterproof material to form a light portable boat, which when not required
for service may be folded so as to occupy comparatively little room, but may
be expeditiously extended & brought into proper condition to be launched
for service.
The principal portion of the frame of the beat, consisting of the keel, the
stem, & the stern post, may be made of a single piece or of two or more
pieces of wood rigidly united. The form & strength may be the same as in
the corresponding portion of any other boat for similar use, except that the
keel will require to be somewhat deeper, owing to the manner of attaching
the ribs, which are hinged to the upper parts of the sides of the keel, so as
to be capable either of standing at right angles to the keel or lying close
beside & parallel with it. These ribs, except in being divided in the middle,

page_text: & hinged to the keel, need not differ from those of ordinary boats. The
gunwales are formed of two light metal bars of proper curvature; they are
attached one on either side, by hinge or link connections at the ends, to the
upper parts of the stem & stern post, & when the boat is not in use they
fall down & lie parallel with the keel, stem, & stern post. When the boat
is ready for use, the gunwale bars are kept in place by resting on the tops of
the ribs, and between them will be placed cross stays to give stiffness to the
framing. Instead of being made as described above, the ribs may be made
each in one piece, & pivoted to the keel, so as to swivel upon it, and be
placed at any required angle with it.
Applied to the frame is a waterproof covering, made of one or more pieces,
& attached in any desirable way to the gunwale bars, the keel, stem, &
stern post, but not the ribs. When for a life boat, the covering should be
provided with proper air chambers at stem, stern, and sides, to be inflated
when required. Suitable thwarts & other seats attached in any well-known
mode will complete the boat for use. It is obvious that a boat thus con-
structed may be folded so as to occupy but a small space, while it can readily
be stretched & prepared for use when needed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLOSING FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Burridge, of 70, Great Portland Street, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLOSING FIRE-PLACES."
Sealed the 31st October 1854, and dated the 29th August 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Burridge at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th August 1854.
I, JOSEPH BURRIDGE, of 70, Great Portland Street, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLOSING FIRE-
PLACES" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in using shutters made of metal or other suitable
materials in combination with fire-places, for the purpose of regulating draft,
extinguishing the fire, and preventing the escape of soot or dust. The shutters
are suspended within the facing of the stove by pullies or other means, and
there may be a small knob on the bottom of the shutters, by which they may
be raised or lowered when required. The shutters pass into a recess at the
back of the face of the stove, and when raised to the full extent are quite out
of sight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WIND GUARDS OR CHIMNEY TOPS FOR PROMOTING VENTILATION IN FIRE-PLACE FLUES
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act).
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dickinson Brunton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
March 1854.
1, JOHN DICKINSON BRUNTON, of Truro, in the County of Cornwall, En-
gineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WIND GUARDS OR CHIMNEY TOPS FOR PROMOTING VENTILATION IN FIRE-PLACE
FLUES" to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to peculiar modes of constructing the tops of
chimney flues, so as to cause the ventilation of the flues of fire-places to be
promoted, simply by the aid of external natural currents of the atmosphere.
I effect this object by surrounding the top of the flue, or the top of any pot, or
metal or other pipe placed thereon, with a broad bevelled rim going round the
entire circumference from whence the smoke or air escapes, and I affix at short
distances from each other a series of fixed vertical vanes, wings, or partitions,
so as to divide the bevelled surface into a number of channels, to collect
and direct the atmospheric air passing over such chimney tops by natural
external currents, which currents I find do sufficiently exhaust the flue to
facilitate ascension of the smoke or air, or both, from the apartment thereto
belonging. Or I sometimes construct chimney tops with a cone suspended by
rods or brackets over the escape aperture, leaving an area for escape around the
cone equal to the area of the chimney top, & the horizontal diameter of the

page_text: cone is to be rather more than less than the diameter of the top of the flue or
chimney top. I then surround this cone with a cowl or hood, bevelled to the
angle of the top of the cone or thereabouts, and leaving a space between it &
the cone rather exceeding the area of the flue at the top; the top of this hood
may be level with the top of the cone, & the lower part of it may be level
with or below the chimney top, opening with an open space both at top and
bottom. By this arrangement external draughts cannot descend the flue, but
they promote the upward draught.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF HEATING WATER POR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1854

page_text: CUCCICCIO CRO
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Mollett Blyth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th January
1854.
I, FRANCIS MOLLETT BLYTII, of the City of Norwich, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF
HEATING WATER POR STEAM BOILERS " to be as follows (that is to say):-
I place a tube or tubes (according to the quantity of water required,) inside
the fire box or furnace of the boiler, and the water being pumped into a pipe
at the bottom of and in connection with such tube or tubes, rises slowly and
gradually up such tube or tubes, and passes through the furnace at the top of
and in connection with such tube or tubes into the boiler itself, becoming
heated in its passage. By passing through the tube or tubes which are sur-
rounded by the burning fuel, in the first instance the water will become heated,
so as not to stop the generation of steam near the feed pipe in the boiler,
and a consequent saving of about one fourth of the consumption of fuel will
be effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Goucher, of Worksop, in the County of
Nottingham, Machine Manufacturer and Iron Founder, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS."
Sealed the 24th October 1854, and dated the 25th April 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Goucher at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
April 1854.
I, JOHN GOUCHER, of Worksop, in the County of Nottingham, Machine
Manufacturer and Iron Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS" to be as
follows:-
My improvements in propelling ships and other vessels consist in the
employment for that purpose of two or more pairs of expanding and contracting
submerged propellers, placed at the ship's sides, or in any other convenient
position. Each of my propellers is composed of a vertical shaft or axis,
supported on and capable of turning about a horizontal axis, and having one or
two pairs of flaps or wings connected thereto by hinge or other joints, which
will admit of the flaps or wings moving about their point of attachment
through a space equal to about the fourth part of a circle, so as to expand or
open out by the resistance of the water to their motion during the propelling
stroke, and collapse or come together during the reverse stroke. Both or all

page_text: the vertical shafts on one side of a ship are connected together, so as to move
simultaneously, and they receive a reciprocating motion about their horizontal
axes in any convenient manner from a steam engine or other source of power.
To reverse the motion of the vessel, the shafts of the propellers are furnished
with universal joints, or are otherwise fitted, so as to admit of their being
turned round at their points of support, and thus cause the propelling action to
be exerted in the opposite direction. Levers or other arrangements are fitted
to the vertical shafts for the purpose of turning them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PREPARING LAND, CONSTRUCTING MACHINERY AND OTHER APPERATUS FOR APPLYING AND MAINTAINING AN UNDER-CURRENT ARTERIEL CIRCULATION OF FLUID MANUre, GASES, VAPOURS, AND AIR TO THE SEEDS AND ROOTS OF PLANTS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Atkins at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th August
1854.
I, THOMAS ATKINS, senior, Civil Engineer, Oxford, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PREPARING
LAND, CONSTRUCTING MACHINERY AND OTHER APPERATUS FOR APPLYING AND
MAINTAINING AN UNDER-CURRENT ARTERIEL CIRCULATION OF FLUID MANUre,
GASES, VAPOURS, AND AIR TO THE SEEDS AND ROOTS OF PLANTS," to be as
follows:-
I propose, first, to construct manure reservoirs, tanks, cisterns, or cesspools
of such size, shape, and materils as may be considered best adapted for the
manure to be used and the district to be drained. In connexion with these
reservoirs, tanks, cisterns, or cesspools, I connect proper induction and eduction
valves, which may be reversed at any time required; and to distribute the
fluid manure, gases, vapours, and air through a series of perforated pipes or
tubes made of iron, earthenware, or other materil, also in connexion with
the reservoirs, tanks, cisterns, or cesspools, I erect a blowing apperatus,
air shaft pump, or other means, to work by pressure or vacuum, for maintaing
the arteriel circulation of the fluids, gases, vapours, and air through these

page_text: pipes or tubes in any desired direction for noursishing the seeds and and
roots of plants, and to return or discharge the unabsorbed portion again into
the reservoir, tank, cistern, cesspool, or other place, and by such means keep
up such a continuous under-current arteriel circulation as will be found
most conducive to the vigerous and healthy growth of all usefull and orna-
mental, agricultural, and horticultural productions, and at the same time by
collecting the fluids, gases, and vapours which are so deleterious to human
life, and applying them, as-herein described, confer a great public benifit.
I make no claim for any of the parts seperately. My Invention consists
in the combination of the machinery and apperatus for effecting a systematic
arrangement for maintaing an under-current arteriel circulation of fluids,
gases, vapours, or air in such manner as to insure their absorbtion through the
process of vegetation, which arrangement will be more fully explained in my
Complete Specification, & plans connected therewith.
AN IMPROVED ROLLER USED IN THE PROCESSES OF LETTER-PRESS, COPPER-PLATE, AND LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING
Year: 1854

page_text: Protection, out notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Gran at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th January 1854.
I, PHILIP GRANT, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Stationer and Letter-press Printer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED ROLLER USED IN THE PROCESSES OF LETTER-PRESS,
COPPER-PLATE, AND LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING" to be as follows:-
Instead of the composition hitherto used for making these rollers, consisting
of glue, treacle or molasses, and other similar substances, I propose to cover
the roller with caoutchouc, commonly called india-rubber, or some similar
elastic material, by the application of which I make the roller more durable,
and consequently economize the expense of it. The application of the material
to the said rollers has not been hitherto adopted to the best of my knowledge
and belief.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TRACING CLOTHS AND TRACING PAPER
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.).
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Guillaume Dié at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd May 1854.
I, GUILLAUME DIE, of Paris, Empire of France, and of 16, Castle Street,
Holborn (City), London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TRACING CLOTHS AND
TRACING PAPER" to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the composition and preparation of certain
compounds, by which I impart to tracing paper and tracing cloth, made of
cotton, linen, and silk, or other suitable fabric, a greater transparency and
impermeability than has been obtained by using the ordinary compounds. The
following is a list of the ingredients of which the compound is made up, and
the proportions in which they may be employed, the weight of the compound
being represented by 1000, the weights of the ingredients are about repre-
sented on the following list:-
Lavender essence, 129 parts; gum copal, 264; spermaceti, 65; stearine, 31;
boiled linseed or siccative oil, 58; Venetian turpentine, 129; solution of gutta
percha in carbonic essence, 107; litharge, 22; common turpentine, 130;
carbonate of soda, 65.
In order to prepare the compound I dissolve the gum copal with the
lavender essence in a cast-iron vessel; I then heat the solution, and add first
the spermaceti, next the stearine, the Venetian turpentine, and the linseed oil.

page_text: After this mixture has been heated I take it off the fire and add the solution
of gutta percha. I then dissolve the litharge in a small quantity of turpentine
or sweet oil, mixing the whole of these ingredients together, and adding
turpentine, as usual, for clearing. After the compound has been filtered I add
carbonate of soda, and the whole is then ready for use.
In order to apply the compound to tracing paper the paper is either dipped
into it or else the solution is applied to it with a sponge or brush: after this
operation it is dried over a stove. The solution is applied to the above woven
fabrics in the following manner :-
The fabric is calendered first, and then immersed in a filtered solution
of lichen, starch, & alum; after this it is passed repeatedly through the
compound applied to the paper, the superfluous matter is scraped off, and the
cloth calendered again.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING, PREPARING, AND FINISHING ARTICLES AND FABRICS MADE OF COMPOUNDS OF CAOUTCHOUC, GUTTA PERCHA, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
L.
,66, Chancery Lane,, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING, PREPARING, AND FINISHING
ARTICLES AND FABRICS MADE OF COMPOUNDS OF CAOUTCHOUC, GUTTA PERCHA,
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."-A communication.
Sealed the 28th July 1854, and dated the 2nd May 1854.

page_text: The mode of compounding, and preparing the ingredients previous to mould-
ing the same into the required shapes being the subject of a former Patent,
and forming no part of the present Invention, need not be described. I will
therefore only observe that the material or compound of which the articles are
made is originally in a plastic or soft state, so as to admit of being moulded
or receiving any impression; and in order to harden the same it is subsequently
submitted to a high temperature, during which operation the articles are
exceedingly liable to get out of 'shape. By the improved process the sheets or
masses of caoutchouc or other material are first softened with naptha, spirits of
turpentine, or other solvent, and then pressed into forms or moulds, in which is
placed tin or other metal foil of about the substance of writing paper. The
foil is pressed into the mould with the india-rubber or other material, and is
taken out of the mould with the article which is formed therein by pressure
or otherwise. The foil is left upon the article, which is then submitted to the
second process, viz., that of curing, or preparing and finishing. For this
purpose the articles are heated in any convenient and suitable manner to
a temperature of about 300° Fahrenheit, during which process the foil will
prevent the article from getting out of shape, and when the process is 'finished
the foil may be easily removed from the article.
For flexible articles and fabrics no foil will be required, and it will only be
necessary to submit the articles to the finishing process. For dark articles or
fabrics they may be dipped in a hot bath of nitro-muriatic acid for about half
a minute, after which they are immersed in, an, alkaline solution to neutralize
the acid. This process will affect the color, and therefore if the articles be of
a light color I expose them to. the action of chlorine gas for about half an
hour, after which they will be found quite prepared and finished.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Foard at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd February 1854.
I, EDWARD FOARD, of 39, Nicholas Street, New North Road, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FURNACES" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the furnaces for which
Letters Patent were formerly granted to me; and my present improvements
consist of applying a casing or partly enclosed chamber in front of a furnace,
by which air passing through such chamber will become heated, and will pass
from the chamber between the front inclined bars; and also of applying a
passage or passages for air passing to and between the inclined bars at the end
of the furnace, so that heated air may be applied to that part of the furnace
also. By these means the furnace is made to consist of the fuel chamber as
in my former Patent, below the furnace bars from which the fuel is raised, so
as to enter the hopper-like portion of the furnace consisting of inclined bars
at all sides of the opening into the fuel chamber. Heated air is as before
stated supplied between the front and back inclined bars, and the fuel will be
distributed over the longitudinal or horizontal bars as when using furnaces
according to my former Patent.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DISCOVERING THE LEAKAGE OR ESCAPE OF GAS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William. Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th April
1854. A communication from Etienne Abram Maccaud, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, Gentleman.
I, WILLIAM JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the, County of
Middlesex, and of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DISCOVERING THE LEAKAGE OR ESCAPE OF GAS," a
communication from Etienne Abram Maccaud, of Paris, in the Empire of
France, Gentleman, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar arrangement of apparatus for discover-
ing any leakage or escape of gas in buildings lighted by that medium, and
consists in forcing a certain quantity of atmospheric air into the pipes and
apparatus connected therewith by means of a force pump, the cocks of the
burners and main cock being previously closed.
previously closed. A pressure guage or indicator
is attached to the pipes to indicate the exact pressure within, and when any
leakage is taking place it will at once be indicated by the pressure guage and
the whistling of the out rushing jet: a small safety valve is also fitted to the
pipes to regulate the amount of pressure within. The force pump before
mentioned is also applicable for cleaning the pipes by forcing a liquid therein.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OF APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Taylor at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th May 1854.
I, THOMAS TAYLOR, of Eddingley, in the County of Nottingham, Agricul-
tural Implement Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OF APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE
AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:- 7.links
My Invention consists in the employment of an Archimedian scrow in the
place of fluted rollers, spoons, or forks. This screw is worked by wheels
gearing into a spur wheel on the axle of the wheels of the drill, by which a
constant and régular supply of manure is delivered or deposited in the earth
simultaneously with the delivery of the seed from the drill.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORDNANCE AND SMALL ARMS, BY APPLYING THERETO PROJECTILE FORCE OBTAINED FROM HIGH-PRESSURE STEAM
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Smith and James
Thompson Mackenzie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 21st December 1854.
We, ANDREW SMITH, of Princes Street, in the Parish of St. Martin's in
the Fields, Engineer, and JAMES THOMPSON MACKENZIE, of Lombard Street,
both in the County of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORDNANCE AND SMALL ARMS, BY
APPLYING THERETO PROJECTILE FORCE OBTAINED FROM HIGH-PRESSURE STEAM," to
be as follows:-
Our said improvements relate to a peculiar mode of obtaining high-pressure
steam, and in applying the same, by means of novel arrangements of ordnance
and small arms, to produce projectile force, suitable for purposes usually
attained by the employment of gunpowder, and which Invention we purpose
calling the "hydro-electric power."
We employ a bath of fusible metal, as lead, tin, or alloys thereof, with
suitable metals in close vessels, and heat the metal or alloys to one thousand
degrees of temperature, or upwards. Water in strong iron vessels or gene-
rators surrounded with the molten metal is rapidly converted into high-
pressure. steam, and becomes a source of power to propel ball or other pro-
jectiles with great force and rapidity. We prefer admitting only small portions
of water supplied to the generator by a force pump.
Our ordnance we recommend to be made of wrought iron, in the form of

page_text: cannon, but longer. Instead of the usual touch-hole, we provide an aperture
equal to the bore of the cannon, above which may be erected a vertical chamber
for the required number of projectiles. By means of double slide valves, one
ball at a time may be allowed to fall to the breech of the gun; and from the
end or below, the high-pressure steam may be admitted under the regulation
of a slide valve; thus, the instant the charging valve has supplied a ball or
other projectile, the steam valve supplies the regulated amount of impulsive
force, and the pump re-supplies the generator with fluid. The same principle
is adapted for small arms for projecting bullets, shot, harpoons, or the like.
Our said Invention is capable of various modifications in the arrangements
of the several parts for convenience and safety in use, and producing the most
efficient effect, according as the same may be required, for army or navy pur-
poses, for blowing up sunken vessels, blasting rock, and in all cases which
demand enormous disruptive force or more subdued results.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAT, BONNET, AND OTHER BOXES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Moneyment at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st September
1854.
I, MATTHEW MONEYMENT, of 63, Lamb's Conduit Street, Holborn, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAT, BONNET, AND
OTHER BOXES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that class of hat, bonnet, and other boxes which
are made of scaleboard, veneer-board, paper, or pasteboard, and consists of
rendering them waterproof by applying to the outside, or both to the inside
and outside, elastic japan varnish, or any other suitable waterproof varnish; and
I strengthen the boxes to the thickness required by making them double, or by
attaching pieces of scaleboard or other materials to such parts only as require
strength. I prefer waterproofing the boxes when complete, but the sheets may
be made waterproof, and the boxes made from the waterproof sheets.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Williams, Samuel Ainley,
and Moses Mills, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th April 1854.
We, THOMAS WILLIAMS, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Storekeeper, SAMUEL AINLEY, of Oldham, in the said County, Mechanic,
and MOSES MILLS, of the same place, Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING
COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate generally to the self-acting mule, by which we
propose to diminish the first cost of the machine and still to produce better
work, at a reduction of manual labour, as well as wear and tear of machinery.
The simplicity of the mechanism for regulating the strap fork which moves
the strap on the conc drums, and the method of working the same, will be
clearly understood by reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in
which the same letters of reference are used to represent similar parts in each
Figure. a represents the cone drums; b, the strap fork; c, the screw for
working the strap fork; d, the parallel rod belonging to the strap fork; e, the
forked lever for moving it; f, a small pully on the same; g, a bracket to hold
a spring that acts on the forked lever; h, the said spring; i, a ratchet wheel
fixed on the tin roller shaft at the end of the cone drum; k, a catch which
works in the said ratchet wheel; 7, a toothed wheel geared with the wheel k;
m, a wheel fixed on the screw of the strap fork; n, a lever fixed on the tin
roller shaft, which is worked by the fallers o, either singly or doubly; p, a

page_text: small pully fixed on the said lever, and connected to the fallers o by the
chain q;, the tin rollers; s, the winding-on pully; t, the brackets to hold
the band u, that turns the winding-on pullies; v, a small bowl fixed on the
bottom end of the forked lever; w, the long lever, worked or regulated by the
screw a, on which is fixed the ratchet wheel y; is the catch for the said
ratchet.
IMPROVEMENTS N PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Green at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th April 1854.
I, RICHARD GREEN, of 12, Sydney Street, Brompton, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
N PROPELLING VESSELS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment of a submerged wheel, working
cither horizontally or vertically, but by preference, horizontally; on this wheel
are placed blades or arms, which during one half of the revolution of the
wheel are turned so that they act flat against the water, so as to propel the
vessel, and during the other half of the revolution of the wheel to come again
into position to propel the vessel; the blades turn so as to pass edgeways
through the water, and to offer only a slight resistance to the motion of the
ship; and this motion of the blades I produce by the action of cam surfaces
on the stems of the blades.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING TEXTILE PLANTS FOR OBTAINING PULP FOR MANU- FACTURING PAPER
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by René Charles Jules Prevet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
February 1854.
I, RENÉ CHARLES JULES PREVET, of Paris, France, and of 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING TEXTILE PLANTS FOR OBTAINING PULP FOR MANU-
FACTURING PAPER," to be as follows:-
My Invention is principally applicable to species of the plant spartium
and other plants of the same kind, and consists of chemical and mechanical
processes for dressing the plant, freeing it from the resinous gums which
envelope it, giving it the character of tow, finally bleaching the pulp to a
state of great purity, and making it into paper without injuring the fibre.
For, separating the fibre of the plant, I employ American potash, salts of
soda, lime, and sulphuric acid; for bleaching it, I make use of nitric and
muriatic acids, chloride of lime, oxide of manganese, alum, carbonate of soda,
and sulphurous oxide.
. The mechanical apparatus I use for treating the plant, and making the pulp,
consist of vats placed to receive the steam, cylindrical hammers conveniently
arranged for opening, bruising, and crushing the fibres, and vats for bleaching
suitably disposed.

page_text: The pulp after this preparation is fit for the manufacture of paper, either
alone or in conjunction with rag in proportions differing for the various
qualities of paper.
The machine for manufacturing the paper is, with slight modifications, the
same as that in ordinary use; the pulp, however, being readily relieved of its
water, it is able to work more rapidly, and produce accordingly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUB-MARINE, SUBTER- RANEAN, AND OTHER ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN INSULATING, LAYING DOWN, JOINING, AND COVERING THE SAME
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Staunton Cahill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
January 1854.
I, CHARLES STAUNTON CAHILL, of Greenwich, in the County of Kent, and of
Annadown, in the County of Galway, in Ireland, Esquire, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Inventions for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SUB-MARINE, SUBTER-
RANEAN, AND OTHER ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC TELEGRAPHS, AND IN INSULATING,
LAYING DOWN, JOINING, AND COVERING THE SAME," to be as follows, viz. :-
Insulation of conducting wires and other conductors by a new material
consisting of a preparation, mostly of paper, applied in pulp or otherwise, and
rendered anhydrous, non-conducting, and capable of resisting considerable
heat, damp, pressure, and water, at a great saving of cost compared with any
other covering now in use; and for covering sub-marine and other electric
cables, and other ropes & cables, with flat or corrugated hoop iron in strips
of any breadth, and for rapidly joining (by a peculiar joint) said cables and
conductors. And for avoiding frictional or other loss of the electric fluid, in
long lines of insulated wires, by a continuous vacuum extending along the wires
from end to end. And for springs looped at the extremities, and hung so as to
prevent the straining or "kucking" of electric cables, when paying out of
vessels at sea, such springs being also applicable to many domestic and other
purposes.