Improvements relating to the Closing or Stoppering of Bottles, Jars, and other Vessels.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1887
Complete Left, 9th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
Improvements relating to the Closing or Stoppering of Bottles,
Jars, and other Vessels.
I, PAUL TISSIER, of 204, Rue du faubourg St. Denis, Paris, France, Glass-ware
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to the hermetic closing of bottles, jars or similar vessels com-
posed of glass stone-ware or other material, and chiefly designed for the preservation
of alimentary substances by the Appert process, the said invention obviating the
necessity for using metal boxes, as heretofore.
A vessel provided with my improvements possesses the following four advantages
1st. It is absolutely air tight.
2nd. It resists the pressure of the air expanded by heat when the vessel is placed in
an autoclave.
3rd. It keeps airtight after being closed for an indefinite period.
4th. It is easily opened without injury to either the box or the closing devices.
My researches have led me to establish this principle which is the basis of my
invention and the application of which I hereinafter set forth in a more special
manner, that is to say:-
"Given a vessel of glass hermetically closed under pressure by a cover of metal, if
this vessel is placed in the autoclave in water heated to 110 degrees centigrade, the
closing device will resist the expansion of the heated air contained in the vessel, only
if the joint is placed below the pressing or attachment points." "In other words, to
guard against any ambiguity, it is necessary that above the closure proper or the
joint, the cover shall have fixed points upon the vessel the said points being designed to
protect the closure by supporting the whole strain of the expansion of the heated air
contained in the vessel."
I will now proceed to describe my closing device, referring to the drawing accom-
panying this specification.
In this drawing
:-
Figure 1 is an exterior view of a glass vessel provided with means for closing the.
same according to my invention.

page_text: Figure 5 is a plan of the neck of the vessel.
In these figures similar letters of reference designate the same parts.
The neck of the vessel a is formed with a double row of broken screw-threads or
inclined lugs b.
The upper row of inclined lugs are engaged by corresponding lugs e formed on the
cover c.
The second row of inclined lugs is designed to be engaged by the lugs e on a
nut d.
༡
The intermediate plain part between the two sets of lugs forms a seat designed to
support a washer h forming a joint.
This washer is plain, and can be composed of gum, leather, cork, or of asbestos
coated with caoutchouc. The difficulty of obtaining cork washers of good quality has
induced me to prefer asbestos coated with caoutchouc, which makes a very good
joint.
The cover c is provided with a flat flange i designed to press upon the asbestos
washer and to make a tight joint.
The metal nut d has an upper flange k which is designed to press upon the lower
flange of the cover c to increase the pressuro already exerted upon the asbestos
washer to consolidate the same and to ensure the permanency of the closing.
To close the vessel the asbestos washer is first placed upon the seat g of the glass
vessel.
Then the cover c is placed upon the vessel, the lugs e being passed through the
spaces separating the upper inclined lugs band turned to cause the lugs to engage.
The nut d is then placed over the cover c and likewise forcibly tightened upon the
three lower screw threads or lugs b.
The closure is now complete and the vessel can be carried into the autoclave.
To open the vessel the nut is first unscrewed and then the cover. The vessels and
covers can serve again for the same purpose.
Dated this 9th day of May 1887
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Closing or Stoppering of Bottles,
Jars, and other Vessels.
I PAUL TISSIER, of 204 Rue du faubourg St. Denis Paris, France, Glassware
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The invention relates to the hermetic closing of bottles, jars or similar vessels
composed of glass, stone ware or other material, and chiefly designed for the preserva-
tion of alimentary substances by the Appert process, the said invention obviating the
necessity for using metal boxes, as heretofore.
A vessel provided with my improvements possesses the following four advantages.
1st. It is absolutely air tight.
2nd. It resists the pressure of the air expanded by heat when the vessel is placed
in an autoclave.
3rd. It keeps air tight after being closed for an indefinite period.
4th. It is easily opened without injury to either the vessel or the closing devices.
My researches have led me to establish this principle which is the basis of my
invention and the application of which I will hereinafter set forth in a more special
manner, that is to say,
"Given a vessel of glass hermetically closed under pressure by a cover of metal, if
this vessel is placed in the autoclave in water heated to 110 degrees Centigrade, the
closing device will resist the expansion of the heated air contained in the vessel, only
if the joint is placed below the pressing or attachment points." "In other words, to
guard against any ambiguity it is necessary that above the closing device proper or
the joint, the cover shall have fixed points upon the vessel the said points being designed
to protect the closing device by supporting the whole strain of the expansion of the
heated air contained in the vessel.
As above stated this principle to the basis of my invention, because, in order to
realize it, I employ a washer or nut pressing upon the shoulder of the cover; but
after the passage to the autoclave a vacuum is produced by the cooling in the interior
of the vessel, so that the atmospheric pressure acts upon the cover, ensures the joint,
and enables the washer-nut to be withdrawn for the transport or sale without incon-
venience. However as a measure of safety I dip the vessel which is stoppered but
leprived of its nut into a mixture of equal proportions of paraffin and ozokerite.
I preferably employ, in order to form the joint between the cover and the vessel, a
washer of card-board steeped in castor oil.
I will now proceed to describe my closing device, referring to the exemplary drawing
eft with the provisional specification in which,
Figure 1 is an exterior view of a glass vessel provided with means for closing the
same according to my invention.

page_text: Figure 2 shows this device in section.
Figure 3 is a plan of the neck of the vessel.
In these figures similar letters of reference designate the same parts.
The neck of the vessel a is formed with a double row of broken screw.threads or
inclined lugs b.
The upper row of inclined lugs are engaged by corresponding lugs e formed on the
cover c.
The second row of inclined lugs is designed to be engaged by the lugs e on a
nut d.
The intermediate plain part 9 between the two sets of lugs forms a seat designed to
support a washer / forming a joint.
This washer is plain and can be composed of gum, leather, cork, or of asbestos
coated with caoutchouc. The difficulty of obtaining cork washers of good quality has
induced me to prefer cardboard which makes a very good joint by steeping it in castor
oil, as above stated.
The cover is provided with a flat flange i designed to press upon the asbestos washer
and to make a tight joint.
The metal nut d has an upper flange k which is designed to press upon the lower
flange of the cover c to increase the pressure already exerted upon the asbestos
washer, and to consolidate the same during the passage to the autoclave.
To close the vessel the asbestos washer is first placed upon the seat g of the glass
vessel.
Then the cover c is placed upon the vessel, the lugs e being passed through the
spaces separating the upper inclined lugs b and turned to cause the lugs to engage.
The nut d is then placed over the cover c and likewise forcibly tightened upon the
three lower screw threads d.
The vessels and
The closure is now complete and the vessel can be carried into the autoclave.
To open the vessel the nut is first unscrewed and then the cover.
covers can serve again for the same purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is ;-
First. The system of hermetic closing device for vessels of glass or any stone ware,
enabling them to be subjected to the autoclave and consisting in the combination, with
a neck having a double series of broken screw threads and a cover c that compresses
a washer in such a manner that the joint is below the pressing points, of a nut D
which presses upon the flange i of the cover c to consolidate the closing and to ensure
the joint; the whole in principle as above described with reference to the drawing.
Second. The system and method of closing vessels for preserves, having passed to
the autoclave, and consisting in a screw-threaded cover c pressing with its shoulder
upon a washer of cardboard steeped in castor oil, the whole being afterwards steeped
in a mixture of paraffin and ozokerite, as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 9th day of February 1888
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.