Improvements in or connected with Forming Grooves in the Internal Surface of Tubes, and Tools therefor.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 10th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1900
PROVISIONAL DITUITIVATION.
Improvements in or connected with Forming Grooves in the Internal
Surface of Tubes, and Tools therefor.
I, HENRY NEVILL, of "Aukerwyke," Shirley Warren, Shirley, Southampton,
in the County of Hants, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to forming grooves, or ways in the internal sur-
face of malleable metal or other malleable or ductile tubes, more particularl
metal tubes in which grooves to form longitudinal ball races for ball bearings
are required, and has for its object to provide tools whereby the grooves can be
formed with great accuracy, speed, and economy of time, as compared with the
time occupied in cutting grooves in the tube with tools now in use.
According to my invention, the means I employ to form a groove or grooves,
say three or more parallel longitudinal grooves in the internal surface of a
malleable metal tube, consists in compressing the metal of the tube by means
of a drift tool, which is provided with ribs, or feathers corresponding in size
and number to the required grooves, into corresponding grooves formed on the
inner surface of a cylindrical matrix, the diameter of which equals, or nearly
equals the diameter of the tube in which the grooves are to be formed. The
improved tools by which the operation is performed consist therefore of an
internally grooved matrix, and a corresponding ribbed drift.
In operation the tube to be grooved is placed in the matrix, and the drift is
then forced by pressure into the tube, and the metal of the tube is thereby forced
into the grooves of the matrix, and corresponding grooves are thereby formed
on the internal surface of the tube, the ribs formed on the outside surface of
the tube by the operation of pressing are removed by turning if a smooth surface
is required.
The number of grooves formed in one operation depend on the number of
grooves in the matrix, and ribs on the drift, namely, one or more grooves may
be formed, also the groove or grooves may extend only partly through, or
entirely through the tube, and the operation may be performed with the tube
either in a cold or hot state.
5 Improvements. in or connected with Forming Grooves in the Internal
Surface of Tubes, and Tools therefor.
I, HENRY NEVILL, of "Aukerwyke," Shirley Warren, Shirley, Southampton,
in the County of Hants, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said inven-.
Price 877

page_text: tion and in, what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to forming grooves or ways in the internal sur-
face of malleable metal or other malleable or ductile tubes, more particularly
metal tubes in which grooves to form longitudinal ball races for ball bearings
are required, and has for its object to provide tools whereby the grooves can be
formed with great accuracy, speed and economy of time, as compared with the
time occupied in cutting grooves in the tube with tools now in use.
According to my invention, the means I employ to form a groove or grooves,
say three or more parallel longitudinal grooves in the internal surface of a
malleable metal tube, consists in compressing the metal of the tube by means
of a drift tool, which is provided with ribs, or feathers corresponding in size
and number to the required grooves, into corresponding grooves formed on the
inner surface of a cylindrical matrix, the diameter of which equals, or nearly
equals the diameter of the tube in which the grooves are to be formed. The
improved tools by which the operation is performed consist therefore of an
internally grooved matrix, and à corresponding ribbed drift.
In operation the tube to be grooved is placed in the matrix, and the drift is
then forced by pressure into the tube, and the metal of the tube is thereby forced
into the grooves of the matrix, and corresponding grooves are thereby formed
on the internal surface of the tube, the ribs formed on the outside surface of
the tube by the operation of pressing are removed by turning if a smooth surface
is required.
The number of grooves formed in one operation depend on the number of
grooves in, the matrix, and ribs on the drift, namely, one or more grooves may
be formed, also the groove or grooves may extend only partly through, er
entirely through the tube, and the operation may be performed with the tube
either in a cold or hot state.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention―
Figure 1 is a vertical elevation of the drift die.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the drift die taken at the line "X X,” Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a plan of the drift die.
Figure 4 is a plan of a modified form of the drift die.
Figure 5 is a sectional plan of another modified form of the drift die.
Figure 6 is a plan of the drift die shown in Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a plan of a modified form of the drift die shown in Figure 4.
Figure 8 is a vertical section of the matrix bolster and holder for use with
the drift die.
Figure 9 is a sectional plan of the matrix bolster and holder taken at the
line YY, Figure 8.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
With reference to the drawings, a designates the shank of the drift die, and
6 the head piece by which it is driven or pressed by a mitable power or hydraulic
press into the tube and matrix; c denotes the ribs or rib by which the groove
or flute is formed in the tube. The rib c may be round, as shown in Figures 2, 3
and 4, or some of the ribs c may be round and some rectangular as shown in
Figures 5 and 6, or the ribs c may be only rectangular as shown in
Figure 7, or when required to form grooves of other section the ribs care of
shape to suit such section. The ribs.c project from the shank a for a distance to
correspond with the depth of the groove or flute to be formed in the tube.
e de-
notes the matrix bolster and h the grooves therein, these grooves correspond to
the extreme number and depth of the grooves or flutes to be formed in the
tube. denotes the tube in which the grooves are to be formed. The matrix
bolster has an internal flange at the top which projects partly over the metal
of the tube and an external flange by which it is held in an adjustable block k,
which is provided with a screw block which secures the bolster, and with a

page_text: screw block m which holds and secures the tube i. The block is carried or
supported in the press by the bars n, which are provided with a stop bolt p
which takes into holes q formed in the block k, which holes correspond with the
grooves in the matrix bolster e. s denotes the handle bolts by which the
block k and matrix e can be moved round to bring the tube i into position, for
the drift rib c when the grooves are being formed one or two at a time with a
drift tool having one or two ribs.
In operation, the tube i to be grooved or fluted is placed in the matrix bolster e
which has first been secured in the block k by the screw block 7, the block k is
then placed in a power or hydraulic press in which it is supported by the bars n.
The drift die a is then fixed to the plunger of the press and inserted into the
top of the matrix bolster e and upon pressure being applied, the drift die-is
driven into the tube i and by means of the ribs c on the drift die the metal of
the tube is pressed into the groove h of the matrix e, which is in line with
the rib or ribs and a groove corresponding in shape to the edge of the
rib c is formed in the tube. In the case of using a drift die having.
only one or two ribs c, after the first groove has been formed in the tube i the
drift die is withdrawn and the block with the matrix e is turned to bring
another groove / opposite the rib c of the drift die and a second groove is formed
in the tube, and the operation is repeated until the required number of.; grooves
have been formed in the tube i.
The grooves or flutes are formed in the tube one at a time when the drift die
has one rib c, and when the drift die has two or more ribs c a corresponding
number of grooves or flutes are formed at one stroke, also the groove or grooves
may extend only partly through, or entirely through the tube, and the operation
may be performed with the tube either in a cold or hot state.
A drift die and matrix, according to my invention, is particularly applicable.
for forming multiple grooves on the inner surface of tubes to form longitudinal
ball races for ball bearings, also for forming keyways in the inner surface of
tubes, and the use of the tool enables the groove to be formed with great accuracy
and economy of time as compared with the time occupied in cutting grooves
with tools now in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A drift die and matrix for forming longitudinal grooves in the inner sur-
face of malleable metal or other malleable or ductile tubes, consisting of a drift
die having a rib or ribs c for forming the groove or grooves and a cylindrical
internally grooved matrix to receive the metal pressed out by the drift die when
forming the groove as set forth.
2. In combination with a cylindrical matrix having a longitudinal groove or
grooves, a drift die having a longitudinal rib or ribs as and for the purpose
set forth.
3. The drift tool and matrix constructed and arranged substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of January 1900.
FREDERICK J. CHEESBROUGH,
Applicant's Agent.