Improvements in Continuous Burning Kilns for Burning Bricks and other Clay Goods, and also for Limes and Cements.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1899-Accepted, 18th Nov., 1899
Improvements in Continuous Burning Kilns for Burning Bricks and
other Clay Goods, and also for Limes and Cements.
I, HENRY ROBERT Vaughan, Engineer, of Ashgrove, Stranmillis Road, Belfast,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:
-
My invention relates to a regenerative and continuous burning kiln for burn-
ing bricks, terra cotta, pipes, and other clay goods and also for limes and cements,
and it is an improvement upon and development of my prior invention patented
31st October 1895, No. 20540.
In carrying out my invention I make the improved kiln with one or two rows
of chambers rectangular in design, which are regenerative and continuous burn-
ing; by preference two rows of chambers one beside the other are used.
In order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the kiln.
Fig. 2 is a partially completed horizontal section on the line A-A Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line B-B Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse section of the kiln.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line C-C Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is an end elevation.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section on the line 1-D Fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is a roof plan.
On the drawings the same reference letters wherever repeated indicate the
same parts.
a, a¹³, a², a³, a², a³, aº, a³, a³, a³, à¹º, a¹¹, are the rectangular chambers which, as
shown at Fig. 3, are arranged in two rows one beside the other.
d are the
division walls between the two sets of chambers and e the side walls separating
chamber from chamber. Passages f are made in the walls e while passages g
are made in the walls e¹ of the end chambers.
The following parts correspond to the same parts in the specification of my
prior patent aforesaid :-The flues I, I, I, correspond to the longitudinal
Hues i,,The flues J, J¹, correspond to the cross flues j, j passages H corre-
spond to the passages h and the chimney L with the chimney 7.
"
Under this invention in order to get a better distribution of the hot air and
waste heat drawn from the fired chambers and circulated through the "green
goods in the chambers newly filled. I connect with the main central hot air
flue (flue n of my prior specification) branch flues of ample size i, i. As shown
at Fig. 4 the branch flues i form connections with the cross flues i¹ one of which
is provided for each chamber (see dotted lines Fig. 3). The top of each flue ¹ is
covered with fire-clay blocks or otherwise with brick arches, so built as to leave
openings or passages With this arrangement the hot air circulates freely

page_text: over the floor surface of each chamber and enables the bottom courses to be
dried first thereby preventing crushing and squabbing of the green goods.
The inlets and outlets to these flues are each covered with valve dampers j, j',
or other design of dampers best adapted to withstand the heat and give full and
proper control of the draught.
The second part of the invention relates to the branch flues k (n¹ of my prior
specification). Each of these flues, under this invention, is now built much larger
and has two or more openings from the top part of each arch forming inlets
to the bottom of the flue as shown at Fig. 4. The flue has also two outlets
forming connections with the centre main flues h and m. By removing the
dampers,, a connection is made between the chambers and the main flue m
leading to the flue I¹ so that an updraught is caused which draws off the steam
from the green goods, during the whole process of drying, from the top of each
chamber. Heretofore this has always been a source of great trouble and incon-
venience in the production of the best quality of goods in this type of kiln.
This arrangement effectually overcomes the difficulty.
The branch flues k also answer for another purpose, namely; to withdraw the
waste hot air from the burnt chambers and convey it to the green goods in the
chambers newly filled. To do this the proper dampers j,, are removed so as to
form a connection between the burnt chambers and the main hot air flue has a
result the hot air passes along this flue to the place required, the dampers 1 of
the chambers filled with the green goods are then removed so as to allow the hot
air to pass down the passages i to the horizontal ducts ¹ and from thence to pass
up through the openings and circulate through the green goods. The vapour
and steam generated during the process of drying is drawn off through the pass-
ages and the top flue k as heretofore described.
The third part of my invention applies to the construction of openings or aper-
tures o in the side walls of the kiln and leading to each chamber of sufficient
width to erect portable fire grates or furnaces in the outside walls. The openings
are built parallel with the centre division walls e of each chamber. This arrange-
ment effects an important change in the working of the kiln increasing its burn-
ing capacity during the time that the hot air is being distributed in one chamber
drying the green goods. Other chambers can be put under the same process by
making fires in the passages o thus enabling the goods to be dried before coming
in contact with the sulphurous gases arising or emanating from the chambers
under fire, thereby increasing the burning capacity of the kiln and producing the
best quality of goods possible to burn in this type of kiln.
The fourth part of my invention relates to the erection of the centre walls d
and centre main flues m, h, throughout the full length of the kiln thereby giving
facilities for the construction of the hot air branch circulating flues and also for
the updraught steaming flues to each chamber throughout the kiln. There is a
connection P (Fig. 7) from the centre hot air flue h to the main cross end
flues J, J, for the circulation of the hot air through the passages g to each or
two end chambers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I consider novel and desire to claim is:
1. A continuous burning kiln having branch flues i, ¹, leading from the central
hot air flue to the chambers the said flues i being provided with openings (22)
whereby the hot air can be distributed over the floor of the chambers, substan-
tially as and for the advantage hereinbefore set forth.
2. The branch flues each having two or more inlets from the chambers
and outlets connecting with the main flues h and m, the inlets and outlets being
provided with suitable dampers, substantially as and for the advantages herein-
before set forth.

page_text: 3. The arranging of portable fire grates or furnaces in the openings o of the
outside walls so that fires may be placed therein, substantially as and for the
advantages hereinbefore set forth.
4. The construction or general arrangement and combination of parts of the
improved continuous burning kiln substantially as herein before described with
reference to the drawings annexed.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
100, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.