Year: 1885

page_text: I, THEODOR VON BAGGESEN, of Strassburg, Alsace, in the German Empire,
Imperial Engineer, Royal Danish Kammerjunker and Licentiate of the Polytechnic
High School in Kopenhagen, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved construction of transverse sleepers for the .
permanent way of railways composed of wood and cast iron combined.
Ordinary cast iron, owing to its want of elasticity can not be employed for the
construction of transverse railway sleepers as it will not stand packing, but by
the annealing process now largely adopted for castings a certain elasticity is
imparted to the metal which enables it to be readily employed for the purpose
as the maximum strain to which the metal is subjected can be kept well within
the elastic limit, the expense involved in rolling wrought iron sleepers being
available for increasing the mass of the cast iron sleepers.
According to my present invention, I avail myself of this improved quality of
cast iron by combining it with wood in the construction of sleepers as I will
describe with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 shews
a part side view, Fig. 2 a plan, and Fig. 3 a cross section of the sleeper, and chair
combined therewith. A is the cast iron sleeper and B the wood sleeper. In order
to allow of an increased width of gauge at curves &c the bolt holes in the iron
Bleeper A are slotted to an extent corresponding to the possible variation in gauge,
while in the wood sleeper B the exact position required for the chair bolts are
determined by a template and are then bored to the exact size for the reception
of the screw bolts a which then take a corresponding position in the slots of the
cast iron, and serve to tie the wood and iron sleepers and chair firmly together.
Thus the wood sleeper serves to fix the gauge and enables one and the same iron
sleeper to be used indifferently for a straight line or for curves; at the same time
it affords a more or less elastic bed to the rail or chair, rendering the motion of the
carriages more pleasant than with sleepers entirely of metal. •
Although I have described my invention as applied to double headed rails, yet
it may be equally adapted for use with flanged rails, a metal plate being in that
case introduced between the rail and the wood sleeper, and the fixing bolts being
provided with dogs to clip the rail.
•

page_text: Improvements in the Permanent Way of Railways.
I, THEODOR VON BAGGESEN of Strassburg, Alsace, in the German Empire,
Imperial Engineer, Royal Danish Kammerjunker and Lisentiate of the Polytechnic
High School in Kopenhagen do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in, what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to an improved construction of transverse sleepers for
the permanent way of railways, composed of wood and cast-iron combined.
Ordinary cast-iron, owing to its want of elasticity, cannot be employed for the
construction of transverse railway-sleepers, as it will not stand packing; but by
the annealing process now largely adopted for castings a certain elasticity is
imparted to the metal, which enables it to be readily employed for the purpose,
as the maximum strain to which the vessel is subjected can be kept well within
the elastic limit, the expense involved in rolling wrought-iron sleepers being
available for increasing the mass of the cast-iron sleepers.
My invention consists in the novel construction and combination of devices
hereinafter described and claimed, reference being made to the accompanying
drawings, in which―
.
Fig. 1 shews a part side view, Fig. 2 a plan, and Fig. 3 a cross section of the
sleeper and chair combined therewith.
Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.
In the drawings, the letter A designates the cast-iron sleeper, and B the wood
sleeper.
In order to allow of an increased width of gauge at curves, &c; the bolt-holes
in the iron sleeper A are slotted to an extent corresponding to a possible variation
in gauge, while in the wood sleeper B the exact positions required for the chair-
bolts are determined by a templet and are then bored to the exact size for the
reception of the screw-bolts a, which then take a corresponding position in the
slots of the cast-iron, and serve to tie the wood and iron sleeper and chair firmly
together. Thus the wood sleeper serves to fix the gauge, and enables one and the
same iron sleeper to be used indifferently for a straight line or for curves; at the
same time it affords a more or less elastic bed to the rail or chair, rendering
the motion of the carriages more pleasant than with sleepers entirely of metal.
Although I have described my invention as applied to double headed rails, yet
it may be equally adapted for use with flanged rails, a metal being in that case.
introduced between the rail and the wood sleeper, and the fixing bolts being
provided with dogs to clip the rail.
Heretofore railroad-ties and fastenings have been composed of a channelled
iron tie, a bed plate rivetted to the bottom thereof and provided with T-shaped
slots, clamp-blocks engaging the flanged base of the rail, and bolts having T-heads
engaging the slots in the bed plate and passing inward through the clamp-blocks,
the upper ends of the bolts having screw nuts, by which the rail is clamped to
Baid bed-plate. In another_instance a railway has comprised an under-recessed
cast-iron tie having longitudinal key-seats provided with notched rail-bearings in

page_text: their walls, and longitudinal keys arranged in said seats and interlocked with the
bases of the rails to secure the latter to the ties; and, again, a railway has com-
prised a metal tie having end seats, end wooden blocks, on which the bases of the
rails rest, and to which they are secured to constitute yielding supports for the
rails, and moveable blocks engaging the inner flanges of the rails, and secured
by spikes passing through said blocks into the base of the tie. Such different
constructions do not constitute my invention, and are not claimed by me.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what
I claim is
1. A transverse sleeper for the permanent way of railways, composed of a lower
annealed cast-iron sleeper having slotted bolt holes for the purpose of enabling this
part to be used indifferently for a straight line or for curves, and an upper wood
sleeper having bolt holes bored to correspond to the required gauge, the said iron
and wood parts being connected by the fixing screw-bolts of the rails, substantially
as described.
2. The use in combination with a railroad-rail, of a lower cast-iron transverse
sleeper A having slotted bolt-holes, whereby it is adapted indifferently for a
straight line or for curves, an upper wood sleeper B placed above said iron
sleeper, and having bolt holes bored to correspond to the required gauge, and
the bolts a a, passed through the bolt holes in said sleeper, substantially as
described.