IMPROVEMENTS IN WARP SIZING MACHINES to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: We JAMES SMITH SUTCLIFFE and JAMES SUTCLIFFE SMITH of the Britannia
Mill, Bacup, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARP SIZING MACHINES to
be as follows:-
:-
"
Our Invention relates to the machines ordinarily known as Slashers used in the
sizing of warp for use in the production of woven fabrics as is well understood.
In such machines the warps are drawn through the size which is contained in &
cistern the excess of size being discharged from the warp by means of squeezing
rollers.
The principal object of our invention is to obtain a better and more regular
penetration of the size and to this end we pass the warp between squeezing rollers
several times during the sizing operation the warp being returned into the size
after each squeezing operation with the exception of the last whereby we obtain a
more complete discharge of air from the interstices of the warp and a more uniform
and complete saturation with size. The ordinary immersed rollers may be used
but we prefer to pass the warp below hollow copper. or metal drums of
comparatively large diameter which are not entirely immersed in the size. Any
ends of yarn becoming wound upon these drums are at once seen and can be readily
cut off and removed. To prevent the collapse of these drums we establish a
communication between the interior of each drum and the atmosphere by means of
a pipe and gland or provide the drum with an air inlet which is closed by means
of a screw, plug or stopper or is formed as a tap so that whenever desirable as for
example when the machine is out of use air can be admitted to the interior of the
drum when the inlet is above the surface of the size. Each drum may have more
than one such air inlet. To admit and melt up the size we provide the cistern
with a feed box or chamber which by preference is divided into two or more
compartments by means of grids or perforated or reticulated partitions. Steam is
discharged into the said compartments through perforations or nozzles in a pipe or
coil or in pipes. The size is admitted to the first compartment and as it becomes
broken up and melted it is forced from one compartment to the other the
perforations or openings in the second partition or in each succeeding partition
being finer than in the preceeding partition so that the size is more finely broken
up as it passes on. In place of the hollow metal drums we may use solid rollers or
hollow cages made of metal or of wood or other suitable material.
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1004

page_text: Improvements in Warp Sizing Machines.
We JAMES SMITH SUTCLIFFE and JAMES SUTCLIFFE SMITH of the Britannia
Mill Bacup in the County of Lancaster Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARP SIZING MACHINES,"
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings :-
:―
Our Invention relates to the machines ordinarily known as Slashers used in the
sizing of warp for use in the production of woven fabrics as is well understood.
In such machines the warps are drawn through the size which is contained in
a cistern the excess of size being discharged from the warp by means of squeezing
rollers.
The principal object of our invention is to obtain a better and more regular
penetration of the size and to this end we pass the warp between squeezing rollers
several times during the sizing operation the warp being returned into the size
after each squezing operation with the exception of the last whereby we obtain
a more complete discharge of air from the interstices of the warp and a more
uniform and complete saturation with size. The ordinary immersed rollers may be
used but we prefer to pass the warp below hollow copper or metal drums of
comparatively large diameter which are not entirely immersed in the size. To
prevent the collapse of these drums we establish a communication between the
interior of each drum and the outer atmosphere.
In order that our Invention may be clearly understood we will describe the same
more fully with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings.
In the said drawings Fig. 1 represents a side elevation and Fig. 2, a plan of
a sizing machine constructed in accordance with our Invention. In the said Figs.
a. is a cistern to contain the size and also serving as a framing to support the
mechanical parts of the apparatus. The size in the cistern a. is or may be heated
by steam pipes and jets or by other suitable means.
To the sides of this cistern are
attached bearings for three hollow drums b. b. b. which are by preference made of
copper. These drums are made of large diameter as compared with the rollers
ordinarily used in sizing machines in order that the warps may. be kept in the size
a suitable length of time at each immersion without the necessity for the complete
submersion of the drums which appear above the level of the size which level is
indicated by the dotted line A in Fig. 1. An advantage arising from this incom-
plete submersion of the drums is that in the event of an end of yarn becoming
.wound upon any one of the drums such end can be seen at once and be removed so
that the accumulation of yarn upon the drums and the consequent waste can be
prevented or greatly checked. As these large drums being comparatively light in
construction would be liable to collapse on the cooling of the size we establish
a communication between the interior of each drum and the outer atmosphere. In
the example this communication is effected by extending one of the gudgeons or
each of the gudgeons of each drum through the side of the cistern and by forming
an air passage through such gudgeon as indicated in the case of one of the drums
at c. in Fig. 1. The gudgeon passes through a suitable gland to prevent the escape

page_text: of size. In the example anti-friction bowls d. are applied above the gudgeon ns
the pressure upon the. bearings is exerted in an upward direction owing to the
buoyancy of the drums. The method of admitting air into the drums may be
varied as for example in cases wherein the gudgeons or axles of the drums are not
extended through the sides of the cistern a pipe may be connected with a nipple
working in a gland in the gudgeon and be extended above the surface of the size
or each drum may be provided with an air inlet or air valve which can be opened
at times when the machine is out of use or whenever desirable to admit air into
the drums but we prefer to maintain a constant communication for the passage of
air into and out of the drums. The machine is provided with three pairs of
squeezing rollers e. e. e. which receive motion from the side driving shaft f. by means
of bevel gearing g. The details of the parts for actuating these squeezing rollers
may be varied. The warp passing through the machine is indicated by the line h.
The warp passes from the beam i. over the guide rollers j. j. and below the tension
roller k. to the first drum which immerses the warp in the size. The warp then
passes between the first pair of squeezing rollers and receives a second immersion
by passing below the second drum. The warp then passes between the second pair
of squeezing rollers and is immersed and squeezed a third time before leaving the
machine. We do not confine ourselves to the use of three drums and three pairs of
squeezing rollers as two drums and 2 pairs of squeezing rollers or any suitable
number more than three may be employed. In place of the hollow metal drums
which we prefer to use we may use solid rollers or hollow cages made of metal or
of wood or partly of wood or made of suitable materials.
In our Provisional Specification we included an arrangement for admitting and
melting up the size but we do not include such arrangement in our Invention
and we therefore make no claim in respect of such arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The combination of parts forming the apparatus substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a warp sizing machine the combination of two or more immersion rollers or
drums and two or more pairs of squeezing rollers whereby the warp is immersed in
the size two or more times in passing through the machine and is squeezed after
cach immersion substantially as set forth and indicated.