APPLYING THE POWER OF A RECIPROCATING STEAM ENGINE TO THE CRANK OR ROTATIVE AXIS, FOR DRAWING OF COALS, LEAD, TIN, AND OTHER MATERIALS OUT OF MINES, OR FOR CARRYING OR DRIVING MACHINERY POR ANY OTHER PURPOSE WHATSOEVER
Year: 1800

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I PHINEHAS
CROWTHER, of the Town and County of Newcastle upon Tyne, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters, Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain; bearing date. at
Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of February, in the fortieth year of
His reign, did give and grant unto me, His special licence, that I, the said.
Phinehas Crowther, during the term of fourteen years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of
Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick.
upon Tweed, my Invention of "APPLYING THE POWER OF A RECIPROCATING STEAM
ENGINE TO THE CRANK OR ROTATIVE AXIS, FOR DRAWING OF COALS, LEAD, TIN, AND
OTHER MATERIALS OUT OF MINES, OR FOR CARRYING OR DRIVING MACHINERY POR ANY
OTHER PURPOSE WHATSOEVER;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained
a proviso, obliging me, under my hand and seal, particularly to ascertain and
describe the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, and, to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent; as in and by the same, relation being there-
unto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Phinehas Crowther, in compliance with
the said proviso, do hereby ascertain the nature of my.said Invention, and
declare that the same is composed of the following particulars (that. is to

page_text: A parrallel joint, instead of what is commonly called an engine beam,
which, when the piston in the cylinder or steam vessel of a reciprocating
steam engine is connected or applied to the crank or rotative axis by the
parallel joint, will produce a parallel motion to the piston in the cylinder or
steam vessel, and at the same time a rotative motion to the crank axis and
machinery, and which is more particularly exemplified in the figure or plans
herein-after referred to (that is to say) :-
Figure 1st, in the plan hereunto annexed, represents a section of a steam
vessel or cylinder of a steam engine with a close top and profile of the piston
in the cylinder, together with the parallel joint and method of applying the
power of the reciprocating steam engine to the crank or rotative axis where
the machinery requires to be put in motion twelve or twenty feet from the
floor or ground, as there represented; and Figure the 2nd shews the immediate
application of the power of the reciprocating steam engine to the crank or
rotative axis (without what is commonly called an engine beam), working an
oil mill, and may be applied to any other machinery that requires to be put
in motion a given height from the ground. Figure 2nd, in the plan hereunto
annexed, represents an end view of Figure the First, and more fully explains
the parallel joint, and the method of communicating the power of a recipro-
cating steam engine to the rotative or crank axis; Figure 3d, in the plan
hereunto annexed, represents a side view of the parallel joint when the steam
vessel or cylinder is fixed perpendicularly above the crank or rotative axis,
and also represents the method or manner of communicating the power of the
reciprocating steam engine down to the crank or rotative axis, which may
immediately be applied to work machinery that requires to be on the ground,
such as iron, copper, fulling mills, and such like; Figure 4th, in the plan
hereunto annexed, represents a profile of a steam vessel or cylinder fixed
horizontally, and an end view of the parallel joint (except one of its axis,
which is omitted by making a section of the framing, to give a better view of
the joint and machinery), with the method of communicating the power of the
reciprocating steam engine by the parallel joint to the crank or rotative axis,
which will be put in motion in a perpendicular direction; consequently the
fly wheel will be put in motion in an horizonal position, and of course com-
municate the same motion to any other machinery that may be connected to
it, as therein represented, driving two pair of corn-mill stones, which requires
an horizontal motion. And Figure 5th, in the plan hereunto annexed,
represents the ground plan of Figure the Fourth, and section of the cylinder
or steam vessel of an engine, with a plan of the parallel joint and method of
balancing the piston and rods in the steam.vessel, and communicating the

page_text: power of the reciprocating steam engine to the crank or rotative axis by what
I call a parallel joint, which being put in motion by the engine and connected
as before mentioned, will produce a parallel motion to the piston in the
steam vessel, and at the same time a rotative motion to the crank axis and
machinery.
In witness whereof, I, the said Phinehas Crowther, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred.