Year: 1898

page_text: I, FRANCISQUE DAVID, of St. Etienne, Loire, France, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows;-
This invention relates to a brake arrangement for the spools of looms, par-
ticularly applicable to loons for weaving ribbons having several shuttles.
My invention consists essentially in directly controlling the brake applied to
the spool, by the tension of the thread.
To the shuttle I propose to secure a plate-spring projecting from a recess or
slot in the frame of the shuttle onto the body of the spool or hobbin. At about
the point where it bears on the spool this plate spring is fitted with a loop
or ring. A second plate spring, projecting preferably from the opposite side of
the shuttle, bears on the first plate spring, being curved if desired, to ensure con-
tact normally of the first spring with the thread on the spool. A ring is also
furnished at or near the top of the recess in the shuttle, through which ring the
thread coming from the spool may first pass; the thread then returns downwardly
and passes through the ring on the aforesaid first plate spring and is afterwards
led or drawn to the material being woven.
When, by reason of an increased speed of shuttle, the thread unwinds rapidly
and is somewhat strained, it lifts the brake-the first plate spring-by means
of its ring and draws its inner end upward and away from the spool, leaving
this latter quite free; the thread can then unwind freely whatever be the speed,
but when the speed slackens, the thread relaxes and allows the plate spring to
return steadily and progressively against the spool which is thus retarded by
means of the brake, according to the degree of tension of the thread; the tension
consequently is suited to and ensures the attaining of a good border or edge and
the best results.
The thread thus itself acts on the brake and according to the greater or less
tension (which teusion results from the greater or less working speed of the
shuttle) it causes a brake action of greater or less intensity by the first plate
spring on the spool.
The thread removes all brake action when it is greatly tensioned due to the
increased speed and under these conditions the spool can unwind quite freely.
It is well known that in ribbon looms and more particularly in those which
weave a great width, the shuttles of which are fitted with the usual brake-
devices the immovable spool is grasped or held by the brake at the very moment
when it is most required to turn and it thus receives a violent drag, shock or
blow which frequently gives rise to the breaking of the woof-thread and also
causes various defects by the abruptness and irregularity of the tension of the
Bame.
With my arrangement, in which the action of the brake is progressive and
which only requires a very slight force at the beginning to steadily increase to
its maximum, ruptures or breakages of the woof-thread do not occur.

page_text: In many shuttles now used, the brake is placed behind the spool instead of
being arranged in front as in the above device. I may, however, also fit my
brake in this alternative manner.
In this modification the plate-spring acting as the brake and bearing inwardly
on the spool is formed as a lever pivotted to the body of the shuttle; its inner
arm comes in contact with the spool and its outer arm is attached to a spiral
spring furnished at its opposite end with a ring or loop. The first ring secured
to the shuttle remains as before. The woof thread unwinding from the spool
passes through this ring secured to the frame of the shuttle and then through
a link at the end of a second spiral spring attached to the opposite side of the
shuttle, being afterwards drawn through the loop at the end of the first men-
tioned spiral spring. The pivotted lever is arranged to bear at its inner end
against the spool by means of a suitable plate-spring conveniently fitted.
When the thread pulls the first mentioned spiral spring, the latter acts on the
pivotted lever and causes the inner arm thereof to leave the spool free, and
when this tension ceases, the plate spring causes the pivotted lever to resume its
normal position.
The working of this arrangement is similar to the above, the brake com-
pletely freeing the spool and allowing it to unwind without restraint when the
woof thread is tensioned.
This modification has the advantage of not interfering with or not changing
the usual working of the weavers; it differs from the first arrangement in causing
the thread to act indirectly instead of directly on the brake.
D1
oct
1
.
1000
I, FRANCISQUE DAVID, of St. Etienne, Loire, France, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
-
This invention relates to a brake arrangement for the spools of looms, par-
ticularly applicable to looms for weaving ribbons, having several shuttles.
My invention consists essentially in directly controlling the brake applied to
the spool, by the tension of the thread.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawing represents a shuttle, the spool of which is
furnished with my brake arrangement.
Figure shews a modified arrangement of the brake. I will first describe
the arrangement illustrated on Figure 1.
Upon the body of the spool A is arranged to bear a plate-spring or similar
spring B, the end b of which enters a recess formed in the frame of the shuttle,
in such a manner that the spring B is capable of moving from position 1 to
position 2; a light flexible plate or spring C fixed at one end to the body or frame
of the shuttle bears at its other end on the spring B in such a manner as to
maintain the latter in contact with the body of the spool.
The thread D nuwinding from the latter passes directly through a ring E

page_text: secured to the shuttle, and then returns passing through a ring or loop 6¹ fixed
to or formed on the plate-spring B and finally passes towards the material being
woven. When by reason of an increased speed of the hatten, the thread unwinds
rapidly and is somewhat strained, it lifts the brake B, through the ring of which
it passes, and draws it away from the spool, leaving this latter quite free; it
can then unwind freely whatever he the speed, but when the speed slackens, the
thread Drelaxes and allows the plate spring B to return steadily and gradually
against the spool which is thus retarded by means of the brake according to the
degree of tension of the thread; the tension consequently being suited to and
ensuring the attaining of a good selvage, and a satisfactory shoot or woof.
The thread thus itself acts on the brake and according to the greater or less
tension, which tension results from the greater or less working speed of the
shuttle it causes a brake-action of greater or less intensity by acting on the
plate spring B. The thread removes all brake action when it is greatly ten-
sioned due to the increased speed and under these conditions the spool can
unwind quite freely,
It is well known that in ribbon looms and more particularly in those which
weave a great width the shuttles of which are fitted with the usual brake
systems, the immovable spool is grasped or held by the brake at the moment
when it is abruptly caused to turn and it thus receives a violent strain or blow
which frequently gives rise to the breaking of the woof thread and also causes
various defects by the abruptness and irregularity in the tension of the-same.
With my arrangement in which the action of the brake is progressive and
which only requires a very slight force at the commencement to steadily increase
to its maximum, ruptures or breakages of the woof thread do not occur.
In many shuttles now used, the brake is placed behind the spool instead of
being arranged in front as shewn on Figure 1; I may also fit my brake in this
manner and Figure 2 shews such modified application.
The plate spring B₁ acting on the brake is in this case formed of a lever
pivoted at 6 to the body or frame of the shuttle; this lever at its end 63, can come
in contact with the spool to act on it as a brake; at its other end 64 it is attached
to the end of a spiral spring F which is furnished at its other with a link or
ring f.
The woof thread D₁ unwinding from the spool passes in the first place through
a ring fixed to the shuttle and then through a link or loop f¹ placed at the
end of another spring F attached to the shuttle; from loop f¹ thread D¹ passes,
as shewn, to loop f and thence to the guide-eye of the shuttle: the lever B¹ is
arranged to hear at its inner end 6 against the body of the spool, by means of a
flexible plate-spring C¹ suitably provided.
The working of this arrangement is similar to the ahove, the brake com-
pletely freeing the spool and allowing it to freely unwind when the woof thread is
tensioned.
:
This modification in the construction has the advantage of not interfering with
or not changing the usual working of the weavers: it differs from the first
arrangement in causing the thread to act indirectly, instead of directly, on the
brake, as in the previous case.
I wish to remark that I do not limit myself to the precise details in the con-
struction of the apparatus shewn on the drawing, but I may vary them in
different ways, without departing from the spirit of my invention, which consists
in directly controlling the brake by the tension of the woof thread.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention. and in what manner the same is to he performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A brake arrangement for adaptation to a shuttle, characterized essentially
by the thread which unwinds from the spool, passing through a ring fixed to
the brake or connected to this latter in an equivalent manner, so that the action

page_text: of the brake upon the spool will be proportional to the tension of the thread,
even completely ceasing at a certain moment, thus producing an un-braking
action proportionally inverse to the tension of the woof thread upon the fabric.
2. A brake provided upon a shuttle according to Claim 1, comprising a plate
acting as a brake upon the spool, a loop upon this brake-spring and a ring near
the opening by which the thread is drawn out, the latter passing through the
said ring and the said loop before leaving the shuttle, with the result of producing
a brake-action proportionally inverse to the thread tension, as described with
reference to the annexed drawing.
:
3. A brake provided upon a shuttle according to Claim 1, comprising a lever,
the arm of which acts as a brake upon the spool, a spring attached to the other
arm of this lever and provided with a loop, another spring having a loop attached
to a fixed point on the shuttle and a ring near the opening by which the thread
passes out from the spool; this thread passing through the said ring and the loops
before leaving the shuttle for the purpose of producing a brake-action inversely
proportional to the tension of the thread, as above described with reference to the
Dated this 18th day of May 1899.
For the Applicant,
GEDGE & FEENY,
Chartered Patent Agents,
60, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.