IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEREOTYPE PRINTING SURFACES, - AND IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING AND RECEIVING SHEETS OF PAPER AS THEY COME FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE, AND ALSO 'FOR' CUTTING INTO SHEETS ! : DALLS OR PADED
Year: 1868

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to John Cameron MacDonald, of Waddon, near
.. Croydon, in the County of Surrey, and Joseph Calverley, of the
Albany Road, Camberwell, in the same County, for the Invention
of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEREOTYPE PRINTING SURFACES,
- AND IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING AND RECEIVING SHEETS OF PAPER AS THEY
COME FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE, AND ALSO 'FOR' CUTTING INTO SHEETS
! :
DALLS OR PADED".
"
Sealed the 20th April 1869, and dated, the 14th November, 1868...
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Cameron
MacDonald and Joseph Calverley at the Office
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
1868.
of the Com-
3
14th November
We, JOHN CAMERON MACDONALD, of Waddon, near Croydon, in the
County of Surrey, and JOSEPH CALVERLEY, of the Albany Road,
Camberwell, in the same County, do hereby declare the 'nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEREOTYPE
PRINTING SURFACES, AND IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING AND RECEIVING SHEETS Or
[Price: 8d.1

page_text: PAPER AS THEY COME FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE, AND ALSO FOR CUTTING INTO
SHEETS ROLLS OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention has for its object to facilitate the casting
of semi-cylindrical stereotype plates. In casting stereotype plates it
is desirable that ribs be formed at the back of the plates, and in the Specifica-
tion of a former Patent granted to us on the 6th day of December,
1866 (No. 3222) was described the producing such ribs at the back
of cylindrical plates by grooving the cylindrical core of the mould
from end to end, and after a plate was cast the core was raised up endwise
from the mould, both the grooves and the core being slightly
tapered to allow of this. In place of so forming the core we now form it with
grooves around its circumference, and arrange the mould
that
the core may be lifted out in a direction at right angles to its axis. By this
arrangement we are enabled to produce parallel semi-cylindrical
stereotype plates of an even thickness at both ends. The core of the mould
we form of a cylinder of metal grooved as above stated; this
core is dropped into the hollow half cylinder which forms the mould, and its
ends rest upon curved strips of metal which stand up around the ends of the
hollow half cylinder, the core is thus kept concentric with the
mould and at the desired distance from it. As the weight of the core would
not be sufficient to keep it down at the time when the metal of
a casting was expanding in cooling the core is held down at its two ends by
lugs fixed to the mould, screws carried by the lugs being caused
to press upon the two ends of the core. The papier mache matrix is
laid upon the hollow half cylinder and its ends are retained by being over-
lapped by the edges of the curved strips of metal which are made bevilled and
which are slid into their places at the two ends of the mould;
the metal is poured into the mould on one side of a core in a flat stream, there
being plates on this side fixed to the core and to the mould to
form a funnel to facilitate the pouring in of the metal, the space between
the core and mould on the opposite side is closed by a plate, a
groove being formed along the core into which the edge of the plate is caused
to enter.
.
The next part of the Invention relates to giving a continuous and even supply
of ink to the inking rollers of printing machines.
For this pur-
pose in place of transferring the supply of ink from the feeding roller (which
revolves slowly in a trough containing the supply of ink) to the
first of the distributing rollers (which travel at the same surface speed as the

page_text: type surface) by means of a roller vibrating to and fro so as
alternately to come into contact with the two rollers as heretofore. We dis-
pense with this vibrating roller and place the roller which is to take the ink
from the supply roller so nearly into contact with it that although
the metal surfaces of the rollers are not absolutely in contact with
one another yet they are so close that the thin film of ink on the first slowly
revolving supply roller is taken off from it by the other rapidly revolving roller,
both the rollers being of metal. The thickness of the film of ink
which the revolving feeding roller presents to the second roller we
regulate by a strong straightedge or knife made perfectly. true and
set So as to be almost in contact with the feeding roller, the
circumference of which is also made truly cylindrical, the knife scrapes off
from the surface of the roller all excess of ink taken up by it from the supply
trough, and a thin and even film of ink is thus left on the sur-
face of the feeding roller. The series or train of distributing rollers
which are employed to equalize the film of ink taken from the feeding roller
we also form of metal in place of forming them with a soft elastic
surface as heretofore, as we find that not only will such metal distributing
rollers last longer than the composition rollers heretofore employed,
but that the spreading of the ink is effected far more perfectly
by them, and when once they are adjusted they require no
tion, and in addition they help to grind the ink fine; we have also found it of
great advantage that those distributing rollers which in addition to
revolving have an endway motion imparted to them should.
be caused to revolve by gearing at a surface speed equal to the
surface speed of the rollers with which they are in con-
tact, in place of their being driven as heretofore only by being in
surface contact with such rollers.
altera-
The next part of our Invention relates to holding the roll of paper in that
class of printing machines in which the paper is drawn continuously through
the machine from a roll. In the Specification of the former Patent,
before mentioned, was described the holding such rolls by means
of cones forced into the two ends of the hole through the centre of the roll.
Now according to this Invention we fix the roll of paper on a spindle which
passes through the roll, and which is formed so that it may then
be expanded and caused to fit tightly in the hole through the roll
of paper.
For this purpose the portion of the spindle which is
to enter the hole in the roll of paper is divided longitudinally into two wedge-

page_text: formed pieces, each of which wedge-formed pieces carries at its end one of
the axes upon which the spindle and roll are to rotate, when the two halves
of the spindle have been introduced into the roll of paper they
are caused to separate one from the other by smaller wedges which are
embedded in recesses. in the inclined faces of the two halves of the spindle, being
moved' endwise 'by screws, and so caused to stand up above the faces in which
they were previously embedded.
"For" damping the paper in that class of printing machine in which a roll of
paper is printed continuously" we supply to the surface of the paper
as it passes into the machine a thin film of water; for this purpose we employ
a roller running slowly in a trough of water, and from the surface of this roller
we take a thin film of water by another roller which is placed
So as almost to be in contact with it; this second roller
is caused to revolve at the same surface speed as the paper is
travelling, and the paper being led over a portion of its circumference the film
of water upon
it is brought into contact with the paper. The
amount of water taken up by the paper can to some extent be regulated by the
extent to which the paper is lapped over this roller; afterwards
the paper' is led under and over two or more rollers and the water is thereby
thoroughly pressed into the paper as the paper bears against the
surface of the rollers. The tension on the paper requisite to pre-
vent creasing is also thus materially promoted. A thin film of water may if
desired be similarly supplied to both sides of the paper or to one
side only.
In that class of printing machine in which a roll of paper is printed in suc-
cession on its two opposite sides there is a difficulty in getting rid of the
"set-off" from the last impression cylinder, which, as it presses
upon the side of the paper which has immediately before been printed on, takes
some of the ink from the printed paper. Now according to our Invention we
remove the ink from the last impression cylinder by means of a
metal cylinder revolving in contact with it; the metal
cylinder takes up all the ink from the blanket of the impression
cylinder, and the ink may be removed from the metal cylinder either at intervals
or continuously.
In the Specification of the former Patent before mentioned was
described an arrangement of apparatus for cutting up the roll of paper into
sheets after it has been printed upon both sides. In this arrangement the paper
Iwas passed between a pair of rollers, one of which carried the knife and in

page_text: the other was a slot for the knife to enter, and in this arrange-
ment also the paper was at the time of cutting held by spring plates on each
side of the knife, being pressed upwards at the time of cutting
against the other roller. Now according to this Invention we form
the acting surfaces of these spring plates of a curve to correspond with the
curve of the roller against which they are pressed at the moment
when the cutting action is taking place; by this we are enabled
to grip the paper close up to where the cutting takes place, and we also obtain
a broad holding surface for laying hold of the paper at the time
of cutting. The acting surface of the spring plate which is in front of the
knife is hollowed out to this curve, and is rounded off at its edges. This spring
plate which is in
is in rear of the knife is also for a part of its
width next to the knife similarly hollowed, but the edge of this plate furthest
from the knife is considerably rounded off to prevent its cutting
into the paper.
In the Specification of the before-mentioned Patent was also described an
apparatus by which the paper after it had been printed and cut into
sheets was delivered into bundles on boards or tables. Now according to our
Invention we support the boards or tables which receive the sheets of paper
from the delivery apparatus of printing machines upon the plungers of hydraulic
cylinders, so that the tables can be brought to any elevation
desired by allowing water to enter or escape from the hydraulic cylinders;
the tables or boards rest upon a plate at the top of the plunger, and the plate
is connected to the plunger by a joint, so that the plate and table can be set
to any angle desired.
SPECIFICATION
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Cameron MacDonald and Joseph Calverley in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th May 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
CAMERON MACDONALD, of Waddon, near Croydon, in the County of Surrey,
and JOSEPH CALVERLEY, of the Albany Road, Camberwell, in the same County,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-

page_text: second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said John Cameron MacDonald and Joseph
that we, the said John Cameron
use,
Calverley, Her special licence
MacDonald and Joseph Calverley, executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Cameron MacDonald and Joseph
Calverley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEREOTYPE PRINTING SURFACES,
AND IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING AND KECEIVING SHEETS OF PAPER AS THEY COME
FROM THE PRINTING MACHINE, AND ALSO FOR CUTTING INTO SHEETS ROLLS OF
PAPER," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Cameron
MacDonald and Joseph Calverley, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Cameron MacDonald and
Joseph Calverley, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say:
The first part of this Invention has for its object to facilitate the casting
of semi-cylindrical stereotype plates. In casting stereotype plates it
is desirable that ribs be formed at the back of the plates, and in the Specifica-
tion of a former Paient granted to us on the 6th day of December,
1866 (No. 3222) was described the producing such ribs at the back
of cylindrical plates by grooving the cylindrical core of the mould
from end to end, and after a plate was cast the core was raised up endwise
from the mould, both the grooves and the core being
being slightly
tapered to allow of this. In place of so forming the core we now form it with
grooves around its circumference, and arrange the mould so that
the core may be lifted out in a direction at right angles to its axis. By this
arrangement we are enabled to produce either coned or parallel semi-cylindrical

page_text: stereotype plates of an even thickness at both ends. The core of the mould
we form of a cylinder of metal grooved as above
above stated; this
core is dropped into the hollow half cylinder which forms the mould, and its
ends rest upon curved strips of metal which stand up around the ends of the
hollow half cylinder. The core is thus kept concentric with the
mould and at the desired distance from it. As the weight of the core would
not be sufficient to keep it down at the time when the metal of
a casting was expanding in cooling the core is held down at its two ends by
lugs fixed to the mould screws carried by the lugs being caused
to press upon the two ends of the core. The papier mache matrix is
laid upon the hollow half cylinder, and its ends are retained by being over-
lapped by the edges of the curved strips of metal which are made bevilled and
which are slid into
slid into their places at the two ends of the mould.
The metal is poured into the mould on one side of the core in a flat stream, there
being plates on this side fixed to the core and to the mould to
form a funnel to facilitate the pouring in of the metal. The space between
the core and mould on the opposite side is closed by a plate, a
groove being formed along the core into which the edge of the plate is caused
stereotype plates of an even thickness at both ends. The core of the mould
we form of a cylinder of metal grooved as above stated; this
core is dropped into the hollow half cylinder which forms the mould, and its
ends rest upon curved strips of metal which stand up around the ends of the
hollow half cylinder. The core is thus kept concentric with the
mould and at the desired distance from it. As the weight of the core would
not be sufficient to keep it down at the time when the metal of
a casting was expanding in cooling the core is held down at its two ends by
lugs fixed to the mould screws carried by the lugs being caused
to press upon the two ends of the core. The papier mache matrix is
laid upon the hollow half cylinder, and its ends are retained by being over-
lapped by the edges of the curved strips of metal which are made bevilled and
which are slid into their places at the two ends of the mould.
The metal is poured into the mould on one side of the core in a flat stream, there
being plates on this side fixed to the core. and to the mould to
form a funnel to facilitate the pouring in of the metal. The space between
the core and mould on the opposite side is closed by a plate, a
groove being formed along the core into which the edge of the plate is caused
to enter.
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed shows an end view, and Figure 2
a back view, of an apparatus such as is above described for casting semi-cylin-
drical stereotype plates.
a is the core with grooves passing around its circumference; b is the hollow
half cylinder which forms the other portion of the mould; a plan view of the
half cylinder is shown at Figure 3. The bottom of this half
cylinder has a projection upon it which is fixed to an axis c
upon which is a worm wheel c¹ into which gears a worm d which can be turned
by the hand wheel d¹, the axis carrying the half cylinder can thus
be turned, so that when casting, the side of the mould into which
the metal is poured may be raised above the opposite side of the mould to obtain
a sufficient head of metal for ensuring a sound casting, or SO that
the semi-cylindrical piece b may be brought into the position shown
in the Drawing when it is desired to lift the core a either into
or out of its place in the mould. The axis c and axis of the worm d are carried
in bearings by the pedestal g; e, e, are semi-cylindrical strips of
metal slipped into grooves b² in the hollow bed b. Upon these strips the ends
of the core a rest. The edges of the papier mache matrix are

page_text: as
also retained by being overlapped by the edges e¹ of these strips. The strips e
are prevented from being pressed outwards from the grooves b by
cross bars b bolted to the upper part of the ends of the beds b, and also by
locking bolts 65 as shewn at Figures 1 and 2; f, f, are lugs
cast on the ends of the bed b. To these are pinjointed the arms f which carry
screws, which can be screwed down so to bear upon the
ends a, a, of the core a, in order to hold down the core a at the time of casting;
the bed b is at one of its sides formed with a plate ba to form
the front of a funnel into which the metal is to be poured. The
plates forming the ends of this funnel are fixed by screws a³ to the core a as
shewn at Figure 1, h is a plate to close the space between the core a and bed b,
on the opposite side of the mould, as shewn in the sectional view, Figure 4.
This plate is held down by screws h¹ as shewn.
What we claim as regards this part of our Invention is the combined arrange-
ment of apparatus above described for casting semi-cylindrical stereotype
plates.
The next part of the Invention relates to giving a continuous and even supply
of ink to the inking rollers of printing machines. For this pur-
pose in place of transferring the supply of ink from the feeding roller (which
revolves slowly in a trough containing the supply of ink) to the
first of the distributing rollers (which travel at the same surface speed as the
type surface) by means of a roller vibrating to and fro SO as
alternately to come into contact with the two rollers as heretofore. We dis-
pense with this vibrating roller and place the roller which is to take the ink
from the supply roller so nearly into contact with it that although
the metal surfaces of the rollers are not absolutely in contact with
one another, yet they are so close that the thin film of ink on the first slowly
revolving supply roller is taken off from it by the other rapidly revolving roller,
both the rollers being of metal. The thickness of the film of ink
which the revolving feeding roller presents to the second roller we
regulate by a strong straightedge or knife made perfectly true and
set so as to be almost in contact with the feeding roller, the
circumference of which is also made truly cylindrical; the knife scrapes off
from the surface of the roller all excess of ink taken up by it from the supply
trough, and a thin and even film of ink is thus left on the sur-
face of the feeding roller. The series or train of distributing rollers
which are employed to equalize the film of ink taken from the feeding roller
we also form of metal in place of forming them with a soft elastic

page_text: surface as heretofore, as we find that not only will such metal distributing
rollers last longer than the composition rollers heretofore employed.
but that the spreading of the ink is effected far more perfectly
by them, and when once they are adjusted they require no altera-
tion and in addition they help to grind the ink fine. We have also found it of
great advantage that those distributing rollers which in addition to
revolving have
endway
an
motion imparted to them should
be caused to revolve by gearing at a surface speed equal to the
surface speed of the rollers with which they are in con-
tact, in place of being driven as heretofore only by being in
face contact with such rollers.
sur-
In the printing machine shewn in longitudinal section on Sheet 2 of the
Drawings the ink for inking each of the type cylinders is trans-
ferred from the feeding roller which revolves in the ink supply trough to the
distributing rollers by a continuously revolving metal roller, as above described.
a is the ink supply trough; b, metal roller revolving slowly therein
as usual; c, a strong knife made with a perfectly true surface, which is set up
into close proximity with the circumference of the roller b, to
scrape off the excess of ink taken up by it. d is an equalizing
roller which is free to revolve, and has also a to-and-fro endway motion
imparted to it to equalize the film of ink on the roller b; e is a metal roller set
in close proximity to the roller b, and caused to revolve at the
same surface speed as the type cylinders. f, g, h, h, and i are distributing
rollers of metal, and k, k, are the inking rollers, which are covered with a soft
elastic composition as is usual. The rollers h, h, and have
an endway motion given to them, and in addition we transmit to them, by
gearing applied to one of their ends, a positive revolving motion, in place of
allowing them to derive their revolving motion from being in contact
with the other rollers next to them. To thus give a revolving motion to these
rollers we form the rollers with a projecting spindle capable of
sliding
endwise through the centre of the toothed
wheel which is to give the revolving motion to the roller, but the
wheel is prevented from revolving around the spindle of the roller by a key
received into a keyway in the spindle. By thus giving a positive
revolving motion to the equalizing rollers a more even supply of ink is
delivered to the inking rollers. than if they were allowed to run free. This
arrangement is more especially applicable when metal distributing rollers are
employed, as above described, as we are enabled to employ equali-
freely

page_text: zing rollers of larger diameter than could otherwise be employed, and thus
these rollers can be brought more accurately to a true cylindrical form than
if rollers of smaller diameter were employed.
What we claim as regards this part of our Invention is, first, transferring
the supply of ink from the feeding roller to the first of the distributing rollers
by a metal roller revolving in close and continuous contact with the feeding
roller and with the first distributing roller. Second, employing metal dis-
tributing rollers in place of rollers with a soft elastic surface, as heretofore, to
equalize the film of ink. Third, transmitting by gearing a positive revolving
motion to those of the distributing rollers which have an endway motion given
to them.
The next part of our Invention relates to holding the roll of paper in that
class of printing machines in which the paper is drawn continuously through
the machine from a roll. In the Specification of a former Patent
before mentioned was described the holding such rolls by means
of cones forced into the two ends of the hole through the centre of the roll;
now according to this Invention we fix the roll of paper on a spindle which
passes through the roll, and which is formed so that it may then
be expanded and caused to fit tightly in the hole through the roll
of paper.
For this purpose the portion of the spindle which is
to enter the hole in the roll of paper is divided longitudinally into two wedg-
formed pieces, each of which wedge-formed pieces carries at its end one of
the axes upon which the spindle and roll are to rotate. When the two halves
of the spindle have been introduced into the roll of paper they
are caused to separate one from the other by smaller wedges which are
embedded in recesses in the inclined faces of the two halves of the spindle, being
moved endwise by screws and so caused to stand up above the faces in which
they were previously imbedded.
.
On Sheet 3 of the Drawings hereunto annexed are shewn various views of
an expanding mandril, such as is above described, for holding the roll of paper
which is to be printed on. Figure 6 shows a side view of the
mandril unexpanded; Figures 7 show separately the wedge-formed pieces 1, 1,
into which the spindle which is to be passed through the centre
of the roll of paper is divided; Figure 8 shews a longitudinal section of the
mandril unexpanded; and Figure 9 shews a longitudinal section of the mandril
expanded. At the base of each of the wedge-formed pieces is one of the
spindles upon which the mandril is to revolve when in the printing machine.

page_text: arc
received
the small wedges n, n, through which work the
screws 0, 0. These screws are prevented moving endwise by a
collar near their outer ends, as shewn at Figures 8 and 9, 30
that when they are turned by a key applied to their ends the small wedges n
can be moved along the recesses m, and so caused to force the two pieces I, I,
away from one another. p, p, are stops for preventing the wedges n passing
off the ends of the screws o.
What we claim as regards this part of our Invention is, the constructing
expanding mandrils for holding rolls of paper in continuous printing machines,
substantially in the manner above described.
For damping the paper in that class of printing machines in which a roll of
paper is printed continuously we supply to the surface of the paper as it passes
into the machine a thin film of water. For this purpose we employ a roller
running slowly in a trough of water, and from the surface of this
roller WC take a thin film of water by another roller which is
placed so as almost to be in contact with it. This second roller caused to
revolve approximately at the same surface speed as that at which the paper
is travelling, or it might be at a considerably less speed, and the paper being
led over a portion of its circumference the film of water upon it
is brought into close contact with the paper. The amount of water
taken up by the paper can to some extent be regulated either by the difference
in speed of this roller or by the extent to which the paper is
lapped over it. Afterwards the paper is led under and over two or more rollers,
and the water is thereby thoroughly pressed into the paper as the
paper bears against the surface of the rollers. The tension on the paper
requisite to prevent creasing is also thus materially promoted. A thin film
of water may, if desired, be similarly supplied to both sides of the paper or to
one side only.
In the printing machine shown on Sheet 2 of the Drawings the paper as it
passes from the roll has water supplied to one of its surfaces in the manner
above described. 7 is a trough containing water; s, a brass roller
revolving therein at a comparatively slow surface speed; t. a roller, also by
preference of brass, in close proximity to the rollers, and caused
to revolve by preference at a speed less than the surface speed of the paper.
The paper, as is shewn, is led from the roll over the top of this

page_text: roller, and is thus supplied with water, or, if it be desired to apply less water
to the paper, the paper might first be led over the roller u.
After the paper
has passed over the top of the roller t it is led under and over the brass
rollers v, u, which are allowed to revolve freely.
What we claim as regards this part of our Invention is, damping the paper
in continuous printing machines by supplying a thin film of water to the sur-
face of the paper by rollers, as herein described.
In that class of printing machine in which a roll of paper is printed in suc-
cession on its two opposite sides there is a difficulty in getting rid of the
"set-off" from the last impression cylinder, which, as it presses
upon the side of the paper which has immediately before been printed on, takes
some of the ink from the printed paper. Now according to our Invention we
remove the ink from the last impression cylinder by means of a
metal cylinder revolving in contact with it. The metal
cylinder takes up all the ink from the blanket of the impression
cylinder, and the ink may be removed from the metal cylinder either at intervals
or continuously.
In the printing machine shewn on Sheet 2 of the Drawings a metal roller 2,
by preference a cast-iron roller, is applied to renove the "sel off"
on the last impression cylinder. From this metal cylinder the ink
is removed at intervals by wiping with rag moistened with oil or spirit. y is
a roller covered with blanket or a like soft material; this roller
prevents too great an accumulation of ink taking place at any one point on the
surface of the cylinder.
What we claim as regards this part of our Invention is, removing the "set off "
from the last impression cylinder of continuous printing machines in which the
paper is printed in succession on its two opposite sides by means of a metal
roller revolving in contact with it.
was
In the Specification of the former Patent before mentioned
described an arrangement of apparatus for cutting up the roll of paper into
sheets after it has been printed upon both sides. In this arrangement the paper
was passed between a pair of rollers, one of which carried the knite, and in
the other was a slot for the knife to enter, and in this arrange-
ment also the paper was at the time of cutting held by spring plates on each

page_text: receive the sheets of paper from the delivery apparatus of printing
machines.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Cameron MacDonald and Joseph
Calverley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourteenth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-nine.