Improvements in Cleansing and Polishing Compositions.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 10th Jan., 1891-
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cleansing and Polishing Compositions.
1 Emily Bielski, 24 Oakfield Street, Cardiff, Gentlewoman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention refers to the manufacture of compositions for the cleansing
brightening and polishing of metals and glass, and particularly to such compositions
as are prepared in the form of paste or have to be rendered into that condition
for application to the purposes of polishing or cleansing, and the object attained
by my invention, is the production of a composition free from the objections which
are present in the preparations hitherto made, and also containing improvements
upon existing preparations in the combined merits of efficiency, cleanliness, and
expedition in the performance of the purpose for which it is to be adopted, to this
end, I mix and blend together in proportions and according to a method which I
have discovered to satisfactorily produce this result, the following, viz. :-Dry soap,
yellow soap of good quality, whiting and water. It is necessary that these com-
ponents should be of a standard quality, in order that the utility of my invention
may be properly exemplified, and any detraction from the quality of one or other
of these substances would in some measure affect the method and proportions which
I have discovered to be suitable to those qualities which I have employed. Dry soap,
is an article of common and extensive use, and I believe it is sold to the public
in varying qualities and forms, under different styles, but the kind which I have
employed and found most suitable and convenient is Hudson's dry soap, and this
is the brand or quality which I have taken for my standard, and which is herein
referred to in such sentences as describe the manner of application of my invention.
The yellow soap which I have found most suitable, and have adopted for my
standard, in the herein contained description is the Primrose brand of best yellow
soap. I do not confine myself to this brand, but have taken it as my standard
because my research leads me to believe it is the most suitable, and I have found
that the results obtained by it are the most reliable. The whiting must be of
good quality, and I have adopted that known in the trade as Gilder's whiting. Of
course I do limit the operation of my invention to whiting sold by that name, because
I believe that similar qualities may be procurable under other definitions, but in the
description of the performance of my invention contained herein, I refer to whiting of
a quality similar to that which is sold as Gilder's whiting. It is not necessary that
any particular quantity or volume of composition should be prepared at one time, but
to properly elucidate the manner of using my invention, I have herein referred to the
qualities which I have found it convenient to blend in my experiments, and which
quantities I mention as descriptive of proportions, and not in any way as indicating the
necessity of any restrictions as to the quantity to be made at any given time. The
following then are the proportions which I employ, viz. :-Of dry soap 2 ounces, of
whiting 12 ounces, of yellow soap 1 ounce, of water 1 quart, and this is how I effect
admixture of these ingredients :-In some convenient vessel, such as a pot or copper,
1 place the yellow soap and the dry soap in the water, and heat them until they are
dissolved, when I add the whiting, then heating the whole until it boils, and I keep
it boiling slowly for six hours, during which time I stir it constantly by means of a
rod or other suitable instrument, which I insert into the composition, applying a
revolving motion continually. I do not aver that these results cannot be obtained in
other measure of time than 6 hours, but if it boil too rapidly the assimilation is not so
perfect, and the time I indicate is that which I have found the most suitable to the
complete realization of the full advantages of my herein described invention, whereby
the composition so produced is thoroughly blended and presents a white appearance in

page_text: the condition of soft, moist and pliable but not liquid-paste, and when cool is ready
for immediate use as a cleansing and polishing paste for plate metal or glass, to which
end it is to be applied to the surface to be cleansed or polished by means of a soft
leather, damp cloth, or fabric, adapted for that purpose, the 'dampness mentioned is
only necessary for the purpose of taking up sufficient of the paste to be rubbed upon
the surface of the plate, metal or glass which is thereby cleansed and polished without
the addition of any other liquid or substance.
It is a part of my invention, that the composition produced thereby is more con-
venient for use, and more expeditious and efficacious in application than the polishing
paste hitherto known. Some of those that have been found successful as polishers are
so composed that their condition becomes hard and unadapted to use without the
addition of some kind of moisture to render them of service, whilst such as have
any self contained moisture, are charged with oil or some objectionable fatty
matter. Others to render them efficacious, contain in greater or less degree acids
which are seriously objectionable, others too, relying in a great measure upon friction
for their potency are constituted of coarse and gritty materials which have a damaging
effect upon the surface of the substance to be polished. All these objections are
absent in the composition prepared according to my within described inven-
tion. By the blending process which I have described, the ingredients are
rendered free from grit, and will not scratch .or damage the surface to be polished.
The effects of acids upon metals are very injurious, and in the more valuable metals
the injuries are augmented, they are readily apparent to a practised operator, and
particularly so in brass, the colour of which is considerably lightened by reason of
the damage caused to the surface. These effects are absent in the composition
prepared according to my herein described invention, and their absence is due to my
discovery and applications of ingredients other than acids, to the ends for which acids
are usually incorporated.
In other compositions, those pastes which have any appreciable degree of moisture,
contain fatty matter, which has a very undesirable effect in the process of polishing,
causing a smear of unsatisfactory haziness to remain upon the polished surface, and
this is also an objection removed by my invention, as all the oil or fat which I adopt,
is deprived of its detrimental effects by the process of saponification undergone by
the materials used in my herein described invention. In the result the com-
position so produced, is free from the disadvantages I have enumerated, and is also
retentive of moisture, and so is available for immediate use without the addition of
foreign matter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
--
1. In the within described polishing composition, the admixture of the particular
ingredients in the order, method, and proportions herein substantially described for
the production of a paste of sufficient innate moisture to be capable of immediate
adaptation to the purposes of polishing and of sufficient self contained cleansing and
polishing principles to be available for that purpose without the addition or operation
of any substance or liquid beyond the instrument of application substantially as
herein described.
2. In the within described polishing composition, the application of the treatment
and method of blending herein substantially described, for the production of the
effects in and upon the within described ingredients in the conditions existing and
arising by reason of such treatment, for the accurate assimilation of the principles,
particles and elements, by the blending of which is produced a paste of sufficient
innate moisture to be capable of immediate adaptation to the purposes of polishing,
and of sufficient self contained cleaning and polishing principles to be available for
that purpose without the addition or operation of any substance or liquid beyond the
instrument of application, substantially as herein described.
3. The combination of the within described ingredients or their integrant equiva-

page_text: lents where compounds have been employed in the proportions herein described, and
in such modifications thereof as may be rendered necessary by reason of the
variability of quality, texture or other incidental condition of the respective
ingredients, or any of them, with the effects upon themselves, and each other
produced by a method of assimilation incorporation or admixture, such as that I
have adopted, and which is herein substantially described, and in such other analogous
methods as may be necessary or desirable for the treatment of equivalents substituted
for the compounds herein described, or for dealing with greater or lesser quantities
at one time, or for the more convenient or economical manipulation thereof, in the
production of a paste adaptable for the cleansing and polishing of metal, substantially
as herein described.
Dated this 23rd day of Dotahar 1800.
EMILY BIELSKI.