IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE TREATMENT, PREPARATION, OR FINISHING OF YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Macleroy Neilson, of Thorn Mill, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE TREATMENT, PREPARATION, OR FINISHING OF YARNS OR
THREADS."
Sealed the 18th November 1856, and dated the 21st May 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Macleroy Neilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
May 1856.
I, MACLEROY NEILSON, of Thorn Mill, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT, PREPARATION, OR FINISHING OF YARNS OR
THREADS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the treatment, preparation, or manufacture of the
finer classes of cotton and other yarns, for the purpose of giving such yarns
a superior finish and other properties, rendering the same of a higher com-
mercial value than ordinary untreated yarns of a similar kind. The yarn to
be prepared in this way may be taken in various stages and form various
spinning machines. If mule cotton yarn is to be operated upon, the cops when
removed from the spindles are first of all steamed or boiled, and they are then
boiled in starch. After this treatment the cops are wound on to bobbins, and
aro then put into a double frame or other suitable twisting machine. As the
yarn passes off from the bobbins in this operation it is directed through a
chest of starch or dressing material on its way to the flyer, which is arranged
simply to twist the yarn, and then wind it upon bobbins, just as in a common
throstle. The doubling frame, or whatever machine is employed for operating
upon the yarn in this way, is arranged for the purpose of adding a high degree

page_text: of twist to the yarn without effecting it in any other way. After this routine
the prepared yarn is reeled, warped, or applied in subsequent manufacturing
processes, just as may be required by the practical manufacturer. Yarn thus
treated possesses a peculiar degree of fine finish, rendering it most particularly
well suited for the manufacture of fine muslin and other goods, more
especially such muslins as are to be embroidered or manufactured into "sewed
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Macleroy Neilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st November 1856:..
TO ALL TO WHOM. THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MACLEROY
NEILSON, of Thorn Mill, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain, Cotton
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto ime, the said
Macleroy Neilson, Her special license, that I, the said Macleroy Neilson, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, tlie said Macleroy
Neilson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
terin therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention för "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT,
PREPARATION, OR FINISHING OF YARNS OR THREADS," upon the condition (ämongst
others) that I, the said Macleroy Neilson, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, tliat I, the said Macleroy Neilson, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
in writing, reference being bad to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
My said Invention relates to the treatnient, preparation, or manufacture of
the finer classes of cotton and other yarns, for the purpose of giving such

page_text: yarns a superior finish and other properties, rendering the same of a higher
commercial value thân. ordinary untreated yarns; of a similar, kind.. The yarn
to be prepared in this way may be taken in various stages and from various
spinning machines. If mule cotton yarn is to be operated upon,
the cops
when
removed from the spindles are first. of all steamed or boiled, and they are
then boiled in starch: After this treatment the cops are wound on to bobbins,
and are then put into a doubling frame or other suitable twisting machine.
As the yarn passes off from the bobbins in this operation it is directed through
a chest of starch or dressing material on its way to the flyer, which is
arranged simply to twist the yarn, and then wind it upon bobbins, just as in
à common throstle. The doubling frame, or whatever machine is employed
for operating upon the yarn in this way, is arranged for the purpose of adding
a high degree. of twist. to the yarn without affecting it in any other way.
After this routine the prepared yarn is reeled, warped; or applied in sub-
sequent manufacturing processes, just as may be required by the practical
imanufacturer... Yarn thus treated possesses a peculiar degree of fine finish,
rendering it most particularly well suited for the manufacture, of fine muslin
and other goods; more especially such niuslins às are to be enibroidered or
manufactured into "sewed muslins."
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood; I shall
now proceed to describe an explanatory Drawing on a Sheet hereunto
attached, such Drawing being a transverse vertical section of a spiuning frame
as arranged for practically carrying out my Invention.
The yarn when in the cop form, for example, is first steamed or boiled in
water, and is then boiled in starch or any other suitable dressing material.
The cops are then transferred to a frame, such as that represented in the
Drawing, and being placed in a row upon skewer holders, as at A, the yarn
B is draw off them and passed over a guide rail C, whence it descends into
the box D. This box is supplied. with starch or other suitable dressing
material, and is heated by means of steam, which is conveyed into it by the
pipe E. The yarn B passes beneath this pipe E, and being well saturated
with the dressing material, leaves the box D, and proceeds onwards between
glass pillars F, round one of which each thread may be turned, if necessary,
to the rollers G. Each thread is passed between these rollers G and once
round the upper one, if necessary, to prevent its being drawn too rapidly off
the cop. From the rollers G the yarn B passes through the guide eye H to
the spindle and flyer at I. The yarn is wound upon the bobbin J by the
ordinary spindle-and-flyer action. It is at this stage that a high degree of
twist is given to the yarn, the starchy treatment removing the tendency to

page_text: untwist, which the yarn would otherwise have. The starchy treatment also
causes the loose fibres to be well incorporated with the body of the yarn, so
that the finished material presents a comparatively fine and smooth appear-
ance. The steam pipe E may either be carried through both ends of the
box D, or the end of the pipe may be turned up inside the box for the steam
to blow out upon the surface of the starch. If the finished yarn is wanted
in the cop form for the manufacturing purposes to which it is subsequently
to be applied, it is preferred to wind it upon bobbins, as delineated in the
Drawing hereunto attached, and then to rewind it from the bobbin into the
cop form; and generally, whatever may be the use to which the yarn treated
according to my improved system is to be applied, it is preferred to first wind
it upon bobbins when undergoing the starching and twisting process herein-
before described, and thereafter to rewind it if necessary. At the same time,
however, I wish it to be understood that I do not by any means confine
myself to this mode of procedure.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I may observe, in. conclusión, that I do not confine or restrict
myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have had occasion to
describe or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without
deviating from the principles or main features of my Invention; but what
I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,
J
First, the system or mode of treating, preparing, or finishing yarns or
threads, wherein a comparatively high degree of twist is imparted to the yarn
whilst in a moist starched state, as herein-before described.
Second, the system or mode of treating, preparing, or finishing yarns or
threads by boiling such threads in starch or other dressing material, and then
passing them through starch or other dressing material, and twisting them
whilst in a moist condition and saturated with the starch or dressing material,
as herein-before described.
In witness whercof, I, the said Macleroy Neilston, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of November, One thousand
cight hundred and fifty-six.
MACLEROY NEILSON. (L.S.)