IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF GENERAL ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHIC MACHINES, AND THE MODE OF WARKING CORV PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francois Thierry Hubert, of Amersham Vale, Dept-
ford (Kent), and Henry David Green Truscott, of No. 136, East Street,
Walworth (Surrey), for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF GENERAL ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHIC MACHINES, AND THE MODE OF
WARKING CORV
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francois Thierry Hubert
and Henry David Green Truscott at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th June 1866.
We, FRANCOIS THIERRY HUBERT, of Amersham Vale, Deptford (Kent),
and HENRY DAVID GREEN TRUSCOTT, of No. 136, East Street, Walworth
(Surrey), do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENERAL ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHIC MACHINES, AND THE
MODE OF WORKING THEM," to be as follows:-
These machines are for transmitting and receiving simultaneously with
an apparatus at each end all or any number of messages of all characters and
descriptions, whether printed or engraved on wood, stone, or metal by any
process, or in any style or form otherwise whatsoever, together with all
writings of every kind and form in all languages, types, or characters of every
description, as well as drawings, maps, or any other tracings, together with all
and every other writings, including telegraphic, stenographic, hieroglyphic, or in
cipher, the whole or any of which may be, if required, received or despatched
at the same time by the "general electric telegraphic machines."
The

page_text: mechanical power is an electric clock with a weight, causing the regulating
action of an horizontal metallic lever provided with a tube containing quick-
silver. Each of these machines, for which a first. Provisional Protection has
been taken, the 28th day of December 1865 (No. 3354), consists of four iron
frames, one within the other. The inner frame with two other frames therein will
move to and fro upon iron guides affixed to the under side of the outer frame;
the two innermost frames will be moved to and fro by two screws directed as
required by two or three wheels fixed to the inner frame. At each end of
the outer frame are placed two boards for supporting a wood frame to be
placed over the centre of the whole length of the inner frames, which frame
will contain the number of cases of electric apparatus as required for the
number of metallic plates which are supported upon a wooden frame above
the under frames. The cases for despatches will contain each one electro-
magnet with his armature, and the complete connection to direct the current
through the metallic plates to the styles with platinum points, and from thence
to convey it to the conducting wires of the line. The cases of electric appa-
ratus for receiving telegrams will consist only of the iron styles with iron
points, reproducing the facsimile of the despatches printed or written upon
prepared papers placed upon metallic plates supported upon a wooden frame
above the under frames. To obtain an electric battery of a constant and
long continued uniform action, and which will be kept cleaner and in a more
efficient order than other batteries in use by avoiding the use of acids now
generally applied. Each battery is composed of a porous pot placed in a glass
vessel containing only pure water, and upon the top of which is placed another
glass vessel containing sulphate of copper and water, which passes through a
tube in its neck, and supplies the deficiency of the solution in the porous pot,
whereby the same is kept constantly blue and supplied with the required
quantity necessary to keep it in a constant regular action. The top of the
upper glass vessel is provided with a holo or neck (with a cork) so as to
afford the means of refilling up the same, and thereby supply the deficiency
caused by the working of the battery without disturbing it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Francois Thierry Hubert and Henry David Green Truscott
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th December 1866.

page_text: Gentleman, and HENRY DAVID GREEN TRUSCOTT, of No. 136, East Street,
Walworth, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Leiters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Francois Thierry Hubert and Henry David Green Truscott, Her special
licence that we, the said Francois Thierry Hubert and Henry David Green
Truscott, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Francois Thierry Hubert and Henry David Green Truscott, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENERAL ELECTIC
TELEGRAPHIC MACHINES, AND THE MODE OF WORKING THEM," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Francois Thierry Hubert and Henry David
Green Truscott, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should paticularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that we, the said Francois Thierry Hubert and Henry
David Green Truscott, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):
Our Invention consists of "The general clectric telegraphic machines,
termed by the Inventors "typo-omnitelegraphic," divided as they are herein-
after fully described, and relates,—
First, to a novel arrangement of mechanism for conducting and transmitting
whatever may be by currents of electricity, which mechanism depends on its
accurate operation by there being a perfect accordance between the two
connected principal instruments, although placed at distant stations, the
circuits between the stations being made, changed, and broken by the regu-
lating action of the horizontal metallic lever screwed to the escapement of the
electric mechanical power; this desired accordance in the action of the hori-

page_text: zontal metallic lever is obtained by the action of another lever which is
directing the currents.
Second, to the employment of one or any other number of dials which
require to be oppositely screwed upon the ordinary dials of the clocks used at
any of the stations, according to the difference of the longitudes, for the pur-
pose of obtaining constantly and instantaneously without any calculation
the difference of the solar time between the distant stations.
Third, to the employment of a special arrangement of electric batteries
which will be thereby kept in good order, and in a long continued uniform
action.
Fourth, to an arrangement of mechanism with its indicator or dial specially
applied to the requisite alarm instrument, either for calling attention, giving
the proper time, or for any other purpose, and also for sending rapidly a few
words without causing any interference or disturbance in the working of the
plates, or when all the plates are completely covered with messages.
By the application of this Invention the following results may be pro-
duced, viz.,-
Firstly, the facsimile of all the telegrams (according to the number of plates,
which are unlimited) are reproduced upon paper in colored letters or
characters, as may be, by the currents of the local batteries, and also from
original writings, drawings, tracings, or printings of every description in
ordinary ink upon prepared paper, the original being at the same time
retained.
Secondly, telegrams are transmitted and received simultaneously whatever
may be the number of plates containing messages, whether printed or
engraved on wood, stone, or metal by any process or in any style or form other-
wise whatsoever, together with all writings of every kind and form in all
languages, types, or characters of every description, as well as drawings, maps,
or any other tracings, together with all and every other writings, including
telegraphic, stenographic, hieroglyphic, or in cypher, the whole or any of which
may be, if required, received or despatched at the same time.
Thirdly, many messages of every description and characters may be disposed
upon each plate, and simultaneously transmitted through a single line wire for
each two plates.
Fourthly, the first conducting wire is for transmitting not only the messages
of the plates No. 1 and No. 2, but also to be principally applied for regulating
the motion of the mechanical power, as well as for working the said dial alarm
from which starts the principal current, which causes many other currents;
or the whole of them, if required, to be made or broken.

page_text: The accompanying Drawing represents a complete instrument containing a
treble dial, the sending and receiving alarms, the mechanical power, the boxes
containing the electro-magnets, the plates and styles of the general electric
telegraphic machines, also the batteries and conducting wires.
Having described the nature of the said Invention we now are to explain
the mode of working the same by reference to the principal Drawing, and to
the details of certain portions of these instruments.
1st, the cable A embeds all conducting wires connected with batteries
specially applied for and placed in a cupboard, this apparatus having twenty
plates, Figure P,
requires ten connecting wires (for sending
conducting wire, see S.C.W. for receiving conducting wire, see R.C.W.) one
for two plates, see Figure 6 and Figure 6', which shows plainly how one
conducting wire may be used for sending and receiving, see Figure 4 and
Figure 9.
2nd, the principal main current from the positive pole of the battery B,
which causes itself to be made or interrupted, as well as many of all others,
arrives at the
(1), fixed to the handle of the commutator C,
Figure 2.
It being necessary at first to call the attention of the attendants placed at any
of the distant stations, the handle C, Figure 2, will be brought to the bottom
No. for using the alarm Figure 2, and for the indicator of this instrument,
Figure 10, which indicator is broken (in red ink) to show the means of
conducting the electricity to the receiver of the receiving station for the
mechanism of the said receiver Figure 11. The dial (Figure 1) at all other
stations being regulated according to the proper time of the principal station
and a perfect understanding between the attendants of all the stations (now
being made), the handle C will be brought to the other position upon the button
No. 3 for directing the current to the button No. 4, and through the spring wire
(wo) to the handle of the principal lever L, called "the regulating lever," for
by its action all results are produced. 1st, when the lever L is placed upon the
button No. 5 it carries the connecting rod R by which all other main currents are
interrupted, and also causes the action of the mechanical power for producing
a general action; thence this current passes through the button No. 6 of the
electro-magnet and its surrounding. coil, and pursues its course through the
button No. and No. 8, and through the cable A to the receiving stations.
When the handle lever L is placed in the position of the dotted line L', its
metallic part not touching the button No. 9 and No. 5, the current may be
used for the dial alarm, and thence it goes to the dial alarm, Figure 12 of the
receiving station, and vice versa through the button No. 10, No. 4, the lever L,

page_text: and the metallic lever L" and L1 disposed expressly for establishing the
communication between the alarms of each principal conducting wire of sepa-
rated stations; see plan Figure 4 and also Figure 9. When the lever L is
placed upon the button No. 9, all main currents are open by means of the
motion thereby given to the conducting rod which directs the metallic lever M, L,
and then touches the button No. 11 for sending the currents through the
buttons connected to the metallic plates (M, P, red ink), and thence to the
receiving station by the buttons No. 12, and by the metallic lever M, L,
touching the button No. 13, all the currents of the other stations are arriving,
each of them to the electro-magnets and their surrounding coils, and pursue
their courses through the negatives of the electro-magnets, and from thence
to the earth E (see No. 14).
We now explain the action of the local batteries L, B, of the sending part
of the general electric telegraphic machines. When the style S belonging to the
sending plates touches the prepared paper placed on the plate P, the current
from the positive pole + of the battery passes through the electro-magnet M,
and returns to the negative pole, the armature (a) being attracted the
main current arriving by the button No. 11 is broken by the style touching.
the ink on prepared paper and placed thereon, the currents of the local
batteries is interrupted, and the main current being then open pursues its
course to the other station, and there producing the facsimile of whatever
may be placed in ink on the prepared paper placed on the sending plate P.
The action of the local batteries L, B, of the receiving part of the said
machine is to be described as follows:-The main current having produced
the attraction of the armature of the electro-magnet, the current of the local
battery goes through the buttons No. 15 and 16 to the style S for repro-
ducing by the action of the electricity upon the prepared paper the facsimile of
whatever may be placed in ink on the prepared paper placed upon the sending
plate.
Referring to the general action of the principal lever L, we now describe how
the general action is produced by the mechanical power. When the metallic
part of the said lever L touches the button No. 5, the main current starting
from the positive pole + of the battery B, Figure 8, passes through the
stud (1) of the commutator C, the buttons No. 3, 10, 4, the lever L, the
buttons No. 5 pursues its course to the position pole +, No. 6, of the electro-
magnet and the surrounding coil Figure 3, the button No. 7, and thence goes
to the electro-magnets of the mechanical power at the other station, then by
the action of the said current the armature of the electro-magnet No. 6 and
No. 7 being attached, the current of the local batteries numbered according to

page_text: -
the power required by the weight W, which causes the movement of the inner
frames which support the plates) is open, and arrives to the button No. 17,
descending to the metallic part shown (in red ink) No. 18, which is balancing
and touches alternately the positive pole + of the electro-magnet E, M, and
returns also alternately by the negative pole - of the said electro-magnet and
the buttons Nos. 19, 19, 20, and 21 to the negative pole of the said local
batteries. When the armature (a) is attracted the beam upon which they are
affixed alternately balance, and the tube principal lever containing quicksilver
causes the escapement E, W, of the wheel E, W, to turn round progressively;
This wheel E, W, commands the motion of the two other wheels W, upon
which are affixed two other parts of wheel P, W, commanding alternately the
cranks C, K, connected to the inner frame I, F. and thereby moved to and
fro. The same wheel P, W, gives motion to the dotted wheel (d, w),
which commands the larger wheel, upon the axle of which the rope is wound,
and carries the weight R, W. The inner frame I, F, which glides to and fro
in a groove G affixed to the outer frame O, F. as shown Figure 4 and
Figure 12, supports two other frames F, which move crossways by the
means of two right and left handed screws H, S, coupled end to end, which
are by the two wheels S, W, revolving in the same direction by the inter-
position of a third wheel M, W, which when the inner frame has terminated
its course by the means of a ketch K causes the moving of a tooth of the
middle wheel M, W. The electric battery is composed of a porous pot P
placed in a glass vessel G, V, containing pure water, and upon the top of
which is placed another glass vessel G, V, containing sulphate of copper and
water, which drops through a neck N for supplying the deficiency of the
solution in the porous pot. The top of the upper glass vessel has a hole or
neck for a cork C; in the porous pot is placed a strong copper wire in the
form of a spiral spring, and in the glass vessel is placed the verticle amal-
gamated zinc, which nearly surrounds the porous pot.
And having now described the nature of "the general electric telegraphic
machine," our Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed.
we declare that what we claim is,-
First, the general disposition of our battery.
Second, for the novel arrangement for sending through a single wire mes-
sages contained on two plates, and also for regulating the motion of the
mechanical power for working the dial alarm, and causing the opening of
many other currents.
Third, the mechanical motive power by which the general action is pro-

page_text: duced, and by which is ensured the reproduction of facsimile as it is herein
recited.
Fourth, the new arrangement of our dial alarm and its indicator, which can
produce by a single movement one letter, or by one evolution without going
back any number of figures can be produced.
Fifth, for the new disposition of an apparatus which may contain any
number of plates.
In witness whereof, we, the said Francois Thierry Hubert and Henry
David Green Truscott, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-seventh day of December, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-six.
FRANCOIS THIERRY HUBERT.
(L.S.)
HENRY DAVID GREEN TRUSCOTT. (I..s.)