of Cereals or other Substances when Stored in Bulk.
Year: 1886

page_text: of Cereals or other Substances when Stored in Bulk.
I, HENRY GRIBBIN, of 38 Red Rock Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:
This Invention has for its object to prove, or ascertain the quality, or condition of
grain, cereals, kernals, granular, or other like substances when stored in bulk, for
example in the holds of navigable vessels, warehouses, or quays, silos, or other places,
so that the surface, interior, and bottom of the bulk can be sampled at one operation
with very little labour.
At present it is the practice in sampling ships bulk cargoes, say of grain, or kernals
to take portions of the different exposed parts of the cargo, but this system does not
provide a true test of the whole cargo, as from atmospheric causes, leakage of the
ship, sweating of the cargo and other reasons, the condition of the bulk generally
varies.
According to this Invention there is provided a means of penetrating the entire
bulk from the surface to the bottom by which different portions of the bulk may be
brought to the surface. The apparatus used mainly consists in its preferred form of
a tube, or duct of cylindrical form provided with a spiral worm, or worms as hereafter
described and so constructed as to be capable of penetrating through the bulk to be
sampled, to the required depth, the turning of the worin, or the turning of the tube
delivers at the surface the true gauged samples of the bulk.
A convenient construction of the apparatus consists of a metal tubo containing a
metal spiral worm free to revolve within the tube, the worm being revolved by
suitable means such as bevel wheel gear actuated by a handle, or handles, or otherwise.
This apparatus is suitable for loose bulk materials, such as grain, cereals, kernals, but
where the material is of a denser nature the spiral worm is fixed in the tube so as to
form a spiral way therein and the outside of the tube is provided with a peripherical
thread, or worm corresponding in pitch with the interior thread, or worm.
case in inserting the apparatus and driving it into the bulk, the whole apparatus is
turned and in turning a portion of the bulk is worked into the apparatus by the
In this

page_text: interior spiral way, and on withdrawal the apparatus contains a true sample of the
bulk giving the varying conditions.-In both forms of apparatus a true gauging of
the bulk is ascertained, by reason of the pitch of the worm being known, which
provides a scale for guaging the condition at varying depths.
For sampling, or testing substances such as herein described at any required point,
or spot in the bulk and at any depth, I provide a cap, or cover to the end of the
apparatus which is inserted into the bulk, and which is so arranged and constructed
that entrance to the apparatus is closed until the point, or spot of the bulk to be
sampled is reached, when by slightly lifting or turning the apparatus, or by equivalent
means, the apparatus takes in, or may be made to take in the sample of the substance
to be proved, or tested.
For portability the apparatus is preferably made in sections capable of being joined
together when required for use. The sections may be made of different diameters, so
that the parts will telescope into each other.

page_text: Improvements in Sampling or Proving the Qualities and Condition
of Cereals or other Substances when Stored in Bulk.
I, HENRY GRIBBIN of 38 Red Rock Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention has for its object to prove, or ascertain the quality, or condition of
grain, cereals, kernals, granular, or other like substances when stored in bulk, for
example in the holds of navigable vessels, warehouses, or quays, silos, or other places,
so that the surface, interior and bottom of the bulk can be sampled at one operation
with very little labour.
At present it is the practice in sampling ships bulk cargoes, say of grain, or kernals
to take portions of the different exposed parts of the cargo, but this system does not
provide a true test of the whole cargo, as from atmospheric causes, leakage of the ship,
sweating of the cargo, and other reasons, the condition of the bulk generally varies.
According to this Invention there is provided a means of penetrating the entire bulk
from the surface to the bottom by which different portions of the bulk may be brought
to the surface. The apparatus used mainly consists in its preferred form of a tube, or
duct of cylindrical form provided with a spiral worm, or worms, as hereafter described
and so constructed as to be capable of penetrating through the bulk to be sampled, to
the required depth, the turning of the worm, or the turning of the tube delivers at the
surface the true gauged samples of the bulk.
a
A convenient construction of the apparatus consists of a metal tube containing
metal spiral worm free to revolve within the tube, the worm being revolved by
suitable means such as bevel wheel gear actuated by a handle, or handles, or otherwise.
This apparatus is suitable for loose bulk materials, such as grain, cereals, kernals, but
where the material is of a denser nature the spiral worm is fixed in the tube so as to
form a spiral way therein and the outside of the tube is provided with a peripherical
thread, or worm corresponding in pitch with the interior thread, or worm. In this
case in inserting the apparatus and driving it into the bulk, the whole apparatus is
turned and in turning a portion of the bulk is worked into the apparatus by the
interior spiral way and on withdrawal the apparatus contains a true sample of the
bulk giving the varying conditions.--In both forms of apparatus a true gauging of
the bulk is ascertained by reason of the pitch of the worm being known, which
provides a scale for gauging the condition at varying depths.
For sampling, or testing substances such as herein described at any required
point, or spot in the bulk and at any depth, I provide a cap, or cover to the end of
the apparatus which is inserted into the bulk and which is so arranged and constructed
that entrance to the apparatus is closed until the point, or spot of the bulk to be

page_text: sampled is reached, when by slightly lifting, or turning the apparatus, or by
equivalent means, the apparatus takes in, or may be made to take in the sample of.
the substance to be proved, or tested.
For portability the apparatus is preferably made in sections capable of being
joined together when required for use. The sections may be made of different
diameters so that the parts will telescope into each other.
That my Invention may be clearly understood, I have hereunto attached three
sheets of Drawings illustrative of the same. The Drawings make a part of this
specification and are marked with letters and figures of reference corresponding with
those used in the following explanation, like letters and figures being used to denote
the same, or corresponding parts throughout the various views.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus according to my Invention for
sampling substances stored in bulk.
Figure 2 illustrates the apparatus shown at Figure 1 closed for portability.
Figure 3 is a section taken in plan at a Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a plan of the apparatus shown at Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus according to my Invention of a
non telescopic form.
Figure 6 is an elevation partly in section of an apparatus according to my Invention
in which the worm is a fixture within the tube and the exterior of the tube is provided
with a worm (shown empty).
Figure 7 is an elevation of the apparatus shown at Figure 6 according to my
Invention with the side slide broken so as to show the interior (and shown full of
material).
Figure 8 is a side elevation of an apparatus according to my Invention in a slightly
modified form shown with the doors closed.
Figure 9 is a side view of the apparatus shown at Figure 8 with the doors open to
show the contents.
Figure 10 illustrates a modified form of apparatus according to my Invention in
which the outer casing is dispensed with.
Figure 11 is a plan of the apparatus shown at Figure 10.
The example of an apparatus for carrying my Invention into practice illustrated
at Figure 1 is of a telescopic form consists of three tubes a a¹ a² of different diameters
and capable of sliding one within the other as shown at Figuro 2. The end of the
tube a is provided with a nose piece a having openings and a door, or doors which
can be opened either by a rod, or by turning the apparatus and the tube a is
provided with a cover a³. Within the tubes and carried on central telescoping
rods ccc connecting to each other, there is a spiral worm made in three
sections. The central rods and worms are carried between the nose cap a³ and
the cover a when in an extended position as shown at Figure 1, and they are
revolved by a bevel wheel gear d and a handle-d' which are carried on the cover a.
The tube a is provided with a discharge spout e and with handles by which handles f
the apparatus is forced into the bulk of material to be sampled, when (the door, or
doors in the nose piece a³ being first opened) by turning the handle d¹ the worm is
revolved and brings up a sample of the material from the point to which the apparatus
has penetrated and discharges it through the spout e.
The worms b and are so formed and fixed on the rods c and c¹ that they can be
disconnected from the rods so that the apparatus will close up, the tubes and rods
telescoping into each other and the worms and 6 collapsing as shown in Figure 2,
thus rendering the apparatus portable.
The example of apparatus shown at Figure 5 is of non telescopic-form, but it is
made in sections so as to be portable as indicated by the lettering.
:

page_text: In the examples of apparatus shown at Figures 6 and 7, the worm b is a fixture in
the tube a, likewise the worms 6' and 62 in their tube. The tube a³ is provided with
an exterior worm h and the tubes a a¹ a² are provided with a slide i made in sections
to correspond with the tubes. The bevel gear is in this case dispensed with. This
form of apparatus is suitable for sampling material of a dense nature. In driving
the apparatus into the bulk, the whole apparatus is turned and on the door, or doors
in the nose piece as being opened which is effected by a rod, or by turning the
apparatus in the reverse direction, the interior worm on further turning the apparatus
works the material up the apparatus to the discharge spout e where it can be sampled,
or on the withdrawal of the apparatus by opening the slide i the condition of the
contents of the apparatus can be ascertained.
The example of apparatus shown at Figures 8 and 9 is of a modified construction
to the apparatus shown at Figures 6 and.7 in this case doors i are substituted for the
slide and the door in the nose piece a³ is opened by the rod g and the worm is
turned by the bevel gear d.
In the example shown at Figures 10 and 11. there is shown a form of screw worm
which may be used without an exterior case. It is forced through the grain, or other
material by means of the bevel wheel gear d, or by the handles f. When the desired
lepth is reached it is drawn upwards without any revolving motion bringing with it.
a sample of the material to the depth to which it has gone down.
The apparatus can be made in any suitable length and in any number of sections,
joined together by a suitable locking arrangement and is marked with a scale of
inches, or feet to show the distance it has been sent into the material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. Effecting the sampling of cereals or other substances when stored in bulk
by the use of a worm such as herein described operating as set forth.
Second. The construction of apparatus for sampling, cereals, or other substances
when stored in bulk, herein described and shown in reference to Figures 1, 2, 3
and 4 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Third. The construction of apparatus for sampling cereals, or other substances
when stored in bulk, herein described and shown in reference to Figure 5 of the
Drawings hereto annexed.
Fourth. The construction of apparatus for sampling cereals, or other substances
when stored in bulk, herein described and shown in reference to Figures 6 and 7
of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fifth. The construction of apparatus for sampling cereals, or other substances
when stored in bulk, herein described and shown in reference to Figures 8 and 9 of
the Drawings hereto annexed.
Sixth. The construction of apparatus for sampling cereals or other substances
when stored in bulk, herein described and shown in reference to Figures 10 and 11
of the Drawings hereto annexed.