IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING-CELLARS OR STORING APPARATUS FOR BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN COOLING-CELLARS OR STORING APPARATUS FOR BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS, a
communication to me from abroad by Paul Schaar of 18 Katharinenstrasse,
Leipzig, in the German Empire, Gentleman to be as follows:-
of
This invention relates to apparatus for storing and cooling beer and other
liquids, and it consists chiefly in replacing the beer casks by stationary receptacles
f masonry, glass and similar material provided with special means for the escape
of gases produced by the supplementary fermentation, the inside of the said
receptacle being lined, if desirable, with cement or other suitable coating. If made
of glass, the receptacles are composed of several pieces, connected with each other
by suitable joints. These receptacles are preferably made rectangular with a
semicylindrical or vaulted top, and fixed side by side in the cellar or storing room,
each receptacle being provided with a man hole situated on the side of the
principal passage. The passages which give access to the receptacles are covered
by a ceiling situated below the top of the receptacles so that the ice placed on the
said ceiling surrounds also the sides of the receptacles, besides forming a thick layer
on the top of the same. The receptacles of each row are also separated from each
other on the greatest part of their length by a wall of ice in order to increase the
cooling surface.
In order to keep the bung hole constantly covered with ice, a flexible pipe is led
from the latter to the front of the receptacle and there provided with an adjustable
valve which controls the outlet of the gases of fermentation from the receptacle.
The bung hole is formed by fixing in the top of the receptacle a hollow conical
plug closed at the top by a screw cap, and having in the centro a pipe coupling or
joint, for attaching a flexible pipe into which the gases may enter through the
space formed by the hollow screw cap. The outlet from the flexible pipe is formed
by a mouthpiece, inserted into the front wall of the receptacle, and forming a seat
for a ball valve which may be pressed on its seat by an adjustable spring so as to
regulate the pressure at which the gaseous products of fermentation may leave the
receptacle.
In this way the necessity of removing the bung or plug from the top of the cask
is obviated.

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN COOLING-CELLARS OR STORING APPARATUS FOR BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS, &
communication to me from abroad by Paul Schaar, of Leipsig, in the kingdom of
Saxony, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
These improvements relate to beer cellars and have for their object to keep the
beer cool by less ice, than heretofore.
The beer cellars hitherto in use have the inconvenience of absorbing dispro-
portionately large quantities of ice. Furthermore the bung-holes of the barrels
must be kept always accessible, in consequence of which only an imperfect covering
with ice takes place. The said drawbacks are removed by the arrangement
represented by the annexed drawings Figs 1, to 5.
In this case the reservoirs to be used for the storage of beer or other liquids are
not wooden barrels, but receptacles formed of masonry, glass, stone-ware concrete
or similar material, the inner walls of which, according to the material used, are
made tight or lined inside with cement or other suitable means. These receptacles,
if made of glass etc, are formed by joining together several pieces and making the
joints tight in any convenient manner. Such beer reservoirs are permanently fixed
in the cellar and placed so that their front wall, provided with a man-hole, is lying
in the plane of a passage wall of the cellar. The passages to the beer reservoirs
are provided with covers lying as low as possible, for allowing also the front-walls
of the reservoirs B B¹ to be touched by the ice. In order to procure as many
surfaces of contact for the ice as possible, the reservoirs B. B¹ may be insulated
from each other, as shown by Fig. 1, so as to be separated from each other by a
layer of ice. Only the fronts or ends of the reservoirs are limited by a wall K.
"The beer-reservoirs thus arranged, which may form one or more rows according
to the extent of the cellar, are surrounded by the ice almost from all sides and
therefore cooled very effectively. The layer of ice need never be interrupted for
opening and making accessible the bung-hole, because a particular contrivance
allows the gases developed by the supplemental fermentation to escape conveniently
at the highest place, that is to say at the bung-hole.
This escape of gases may be regulated so as to allow a continued fermentation of
the beer under more or less pressure. The latter contrivance is illustrated in detail
by-Fig. 5.
.J
In the bung-hole of the beer-reservoir B, B' is screwed the bung A provided with
a screw-threaded cover D.-The plug A has a bore a coinmunicating with the hose-
pipe coupling situated at the cover E. The hose-coupling E¹ is connected with the
hose-pipe or tube F. leading to the front-wall b of the reservoir B, B', where it
communicates with an adjustable discharge-valve.
This regulating or discharge-valve G, Fig. 4, serves to let out under more or less
pressure the gases produced by the supplemental fermentation, which enter the

page_text: bung. The valve H, Fig. 4, may be entirely released from the pressure of the
spring, so as to allow a completo escape; or the beer may be kept under a certain
pressure by regulating the tension of the valve-spring H
The most important result is, that the ice-layer on the top of the beer reservoir
need not be interrupted and therefore the gases evolved by the supplemental
fermentation may escape more rationally and conveniently.
Fig. 1, is a horizontal section, Fig. 2 a cross section and Fig. 3 a longitudinal
section of an improved beer cellar containing six receptacles B, B₁ arranged in two
rows. I represents the ice which covers the receptacles on the top and partly on
the sides.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A cooling cellar for beer or other liquids, containing receptacles B, B' of masonry,
glass, earthenware, concrete or similar material, provided with a bung A, in
combination with an adjustable valve G, substantially as described.