Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 24th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 23rd Apr., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY, of 12, Hampden Street, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:.
This invention has reference to pneumatic tyres, and has for its object to improve
such tryes, or to provide improvements in connection with such tyres, as hereafter
described.
According to this invention, a complete pneumatic tyre is formed in one
structure; and this structure comprises a casing of canvas or equivalent material,
with tubular fastening edges, having upon its exterior a rubber covering, and a
rubber covering also on its interior, the edges of which normally overlap and are
cemented together by rubber solution or equivalent adhesive material. These
edges or flaps spring from a point intermediate the centre of the tyre or case
fastening and the tubular edges. The tyre is fastened in the rim by means of the
tubular edges, each of which fits in a groove in the rim at each side, the edges
of the grooves being carried over and downwards towards the bottom of the rim,
giving somewhat a hook-shaped section.
Within, and carried round each of the canvas tubes, a separate or loose rubber
tube is provided, one end of which is blocked or closed, while the other end (or
part of the tube) is carried up on the inside and joined up, with the rubber lining
of the tyre. Thus, each of the tubes in the canvas edges is closed at one end, and
in communication with the main tyre or tube at the other end, or at another part,
so that when the tyre is inflated these tubes are filled with air, and simultaneously
inflated, and so distend out the tubular edges within the metal grooves of the
rim at each side.
The valve, by which the tube and edges are inflated, would be passed through the
overlapping edges of the lining of the tyre, so that normally at this part the two
edges would be held together firmly.
The rim would be arranged either with a raised central part on which the over-
lapping edges lie, or it may have its floor say about on a level with the fastening
edges, on which the overlapping edges would be adapted to lie.
The above construction enables the tyre to be easily, quickly, and cheaply made.
To gain access to the tyre, the overlapping cemented edges or flaps have only to
be ripped apart when the interior is exposed, and repairs can be effected from
within, after which the edges are cemented together as before. In some cases,
along the outer over-lapping edge of the flaps which seal the tyre, an enlarged or
projecting rib may be provided to enable it to be separated or torn apart more
readily.
.
In some cases the edges, in lieu of being inflated as described, may consist of
enlarged edges adapted to fit in corresponding grooves in the rim, or equivalently

page_text: through the rim at AA, Figure 1; and Figure 3 shews a slightly modified tyre.
Referring to these drawings, the casing is comprised of canvas
or textile
material a, which, at the parts which are carried down and fit in the rim, is made
in form of, and constitutes, tubes b. On the outside of this canvas, there is a
rubber cover c, the outside part of which, of course, forms the tread of the tyre;
while, within the textile material a, there is a rubber lining or cover d, the edges d'
of which are carried down, and overlap one another, as shewn; the two being
adhered together by suitable adhesive, such as rubber solution. On the under side
of the outer flap d', there is a canvas or textile strip d³.
The rim is designated e, and its edges are formed into channels, in which the
tubes 6 fit.
Within each of the textile tubes b, there are separate loose rubber tubes f.
These tubes f are passed or threaded into the tubes b, and the two ends are brought
up together, somewhat as shewn in Figure 2, one being closed, and the other made
to communicate with the interior of the inner covering d, by a short piece of tube,
which may be a piece of tube fastened on to the tube c, and joined up with d; or
one end of the tube f itself may be carried up through the canvas of the tube b,
and fastened to d. The entrance of the connecting tube or passage is shewn in
Figure 2, and designated f¹.
The tubular edge structure b, is not necessarily air tight, and, per se, is not
inflated, but is extended by the inflation of the tubes f.
The separate tubes f, within the tubular edges b, are made of the required quality
of rubber, and are inflated and press the outer tubes b onto the surface of the edge
channels of the rim. The main case of the tyre, and also the tubes f, are all
inflated through one valve, which may be introduced through the parts resting on
the floor of the rim e, or through one of the tubes f. The effect of this construction
of the separate rubber tubes f, is, that it is found it renders the tyre not so
liable to come out of place in the rim, when inflated; whereas, in the tyre set forth
in former Specifications, having the general characteristics of this tyre, this liability
exists. Furthermore, the present construction also enables a tyre of the kind
specified to be more easily made, and consequently, its construction is less costly.
To facilitate the manipulation of the tyre, in getting it in and out of the rim,
the skin or lining d, upon the lower part at each side, from about the point a, is
not adhered to the canvas c; i.e. it is separate therefrom. The rest, however, of
this lining is adhered, and forms one structure with the case.
As to the modification shewn in Figure 3, the variation merely consists in the
employment of a rim of a modified form, in which the floor is not carried up so high
as in the case shewn in Figures 1 and 2, but has in its centre a smaller inwardly
curved part or corrugation e. Also, the overlapping flaps d' are at one side, as
shewn, instead of being on the floor of the rim. In other respects, and generally,
this tyre is of the same construction as that shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
1. A pneumatic tyre of the type herein referred to, comprising a main inflated
tube or part, having tubular fastening edges at each side adapted to fit in the rim,
and loose or separate non-continuous rubber tubes, in said tubular edges, adapted
to be inflated, and connected at one or more points with the interior of the main
tube or part; substantially as described.
2. A tyre of the type herein referred to, comprising a main case, with tubular
edges, b, at each side, adapted to fit in channels at each side of the rim, separate
or loose, and non-continuous rubber tubes f in the tubes b, and an interior rubber
lining, forming one with the outer part of the tyre, and being, at its inner part,
separate from the case, and with overlapping edges; substantially as set forth.
3. In a tyre of the type herein referred to, having tubular fastening edges, the
employment of stopped or non-continuous separate rubber tubes within the tubular

page_text: This print is in accordance with the original specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c.. Act, 1883) as required by
the decision of the Comptroller General of the 8th day of October 1898.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY, of 12, Hampden Street, Birkenhead, in the County
of Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to pneumatic tyres, and has for its object to
improve such tyres, or to provide improvements in connection with such tyres, as
hereafter described.
According to this invention, a complete pneumatic tyre is formed in one
structure; and this structure comprises a casing of canvas or equivalent material,
with tubular fastening edges, having upon its exterior a rubber covering, and a
rubber covering also on its interior, the edges of which normally overlap and are
cemented together by rubber, solution or equivalent adhesive material. These
edges or flaps spring from a point intermediate the centre of the tyre or case
fastening and the tubular edges. The tyre is fastened in the rim by means of
the tubular edges, each of which fits in a groove in the rim at each side, the edges
of the grooves being carried over and downwards towards the bottom of the rim,
giving somewhat a hook-shaped section.
Within, and carried round each of the canvas tubes, a separate or loose rubber
tube is provided, one end of which.is blocked or closed, while the other end (or part
of the tube) is carried up on the inside and joined up with the rubber lining of
the tyre. Thus, each of the tubes in the canvas edges is closed at one end, and in
communication with the main tyre or tube at the other end, or at another part,
so that when the tyre is inflated these tubes are filled with air and simul-
taneously inflated, and so distend out the tubular edges within the metal grooves
of the rim at each side.
The valve, by which the tube and edges are inflated, would be passed through
the overlapping edges of the lining of the tyre, so that. normally at this part, the
two edges would be held together firmly.
The rim would be arranged either with a raised central part on which the over-
lapping edges lie, or it may have its floor say about on a level with the fastening
edges, on which the overlapping edges would be adapted to lie.
The above construction enables the tyre to be easily, quickly, and cheaply
made.
To gain access to the tyre, the overlapping cemented edges or flaps have only
to be ripped apart when the interior is exposed, and repairs can he effected from
within, after. which the edges are cemented together as before. In some cases,
along the outer overlapping edge of the flaps which seal the tyre, an enlarged

page_text: or projecting rim may be provided to enable it to be separated or torn apart more
readily.
The tyre, above described, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, of which
Figure 1 is a cross section; Figure 2 a side longitudinal elevation, shewing
section through the rim at A A, Figure 1; and Figure 3 shews a slightly modified
tyre.
or textile
Referring to these drawings, the casing is comprised of canvas
material a, which, at the parts which are carried down and fit in the rim, is
made in form of, and constitutes, tubes b. On the outside of this canvas, there
is a rubber cover c, the outside part of which, of course, forms the tread of the
tyre; while, within the textile material a, there is a rubber lining or cover d,
the edges of which are carried down, and overlap one another, as shewn; the
two being adhered together by suitable adhesive, such as rubber solution. On
the under side of the outer flap, there is a canvas or textile strip d³.
The rim is designated e, and its edges are formed into channels, in which the
tubes b fit.
Within each of the textile tubes b, there are separate loose rubber tubes f.
These tubes f are passed or threaded into the tubes b, and the two ends are
brought up together, somewhat as shewn in Figure 2, one being closed, and the
other made to communicate with the interior of the inner covering d, by a short
piece of tube, which may be a piece of tube fastened on to the tube c, and joined
up with d; or one end of the tube f itself may be carried up through the canvas
of the tube b, and fastened to d. The entrance of the connecting tube or passage
is shewn in Figure 2, and designated f¹.
:
The tubular edge structure b, is not necessarily air tight, and, per se, is not
inflated, but is extended by the inflation of the tubes f.
The separate tubes f, within the tubular edges b, are made of the required
quality of rubber, and are inflated and press the outer tubes b onto the surface
of the edge channels of the rim. The main case of the tyre, and also the tubes f',
are all inflated through one valve, which may be introduced through the parts
resting on the floor of the rim e, or through one of the tubes f. The effect of this
construction of the separate rubber tubes f, is, that it is found it renders the
tyre not so liable to come out of place in the rim, when inflated; whereas, in the
tyre set forth in former specifications, having the general characteristics of this tyre,
this liability exists. Furthermore, the present construction also enables a tyre
of the kind specified to be more easily made, and consequently, its construction
is less costly.
To facilitate the manipulation of the tyre, in getting it in and out of the rim,
the skin or lining d, upon the lower part at each side, from about the point x,
is not adhered to the canvas c: i.e., it is separate therefrom. The rest, however,
of this lining is adhered, and forms one structure with the case.
As to the modification shewn in Figure 3, the variation merely consists in the
employment of a rim of a modified form, in which the floor is not carried up so
high as in the case shewn in Figures 1 and 2, but has in its centre a smaller
inwardly curved part or corrugation e¹. Also, the overlapping flaps are at one
side, as shewn, instead of being on the floor of the rim. In other respects, and
generally, this tyre is of the same construction as that shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
I am aware that it has been proposed to construct a pneumatic tyre having the
inner expanding tube cemented to the outer casing, the inner tube being made of
sheet rubber, the edges of which are cemented to form an inner seam, and I make
no claim to such an arrangement per se; but I declare that what I claim is:-
1. A pneumatic tyre of the type herein referred to, comprising a main inflated
tube or part, having tubular fastening edges at each side adapted to fit in the