IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1884

page_text: I ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M and Wm Clark, of
53 Chancery Lane in the county of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCKS, to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that class of locks in which a slide bolt is moved in
either direction by a wiper.
The bolt is preferably a plain cylindrical rod for most of its length, and is fitted
to a case of similar form but the bolt and case may be constructed in any other
form in cross section.
Inside of the case and preferably at the inner end of the bolt and for a suitable
distance therefrom the bolt is cut away at the sides or the bolt otherwise con-
structed to form a flat section in which a deep and wide notch is made wherein
the wiper works to throw and lock the bolt, said wiper being provided with a
pivot and key studs by which it is mounted on the wiper stand for support said
stand consisting of a base by which it is attached to the inner end of the lock case,
and two upright or horizontal arms according as the lock may be placed in which
the pivot studs are supported with the wiper between them and the flat part of the
bolt is also arranged between the said arms. The pivot studs project from the
opposite edges of the wiper near one end and this end is arranged in the notch of
the bolt, so that the wiper swings along the top or open side of the notch between
the ends of the said notch. At each end of the notch there is a spring against
which the wiper acts to throw the bolt, the springs being adapted to rise a little
after the wiper passes and thus prevent it from being jarred out of its position or
turned by any instrument except the key. There is an under cut ledge in one end
of the notch, where the wiper rests when the bolt is shifted forward into the catch
in which the wiper is retained by the inclination of the ledge and by the gravity
of the wiper so that it effectually resists the opening of the lock by forcing the

page_text: bolt back The ends of the pivot studs are squared for a socket key to be used
for turning the wiper, the socket being formed in the end of a small rod which
makes a smaller and simpler device to carry in the pocket than the ordinary door
keys..
In a modification the springs are dispensed with and in place thereof a U shaped
spring can be used which is placed in a recess in the lower part of the bolt, the
shanks of the said spring resting against the top and bottoin of the said notch.
If the lock is provided with a bolt, it operates in the same manner as if it were
provided with two springs.

page_text: COLLIE
DIECIFICATION,
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCKS" (a communication to me from abroad by David Morris, of Log Cabin,
in the County of Morgan and State of Ohio, United States of America,) and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to that class of locks in which a slide bolt is moved in
either direction by a wiper.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
Specification in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in
all the figures.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the case of the lock and part of the mechanism
showing the bolt in side elevation and being thrust forward into the catch.
Figure 2 is a similar section of the lock taken in a plane at right angles to the
plane of Figure 1, and it also represents a portion of the key.
Figure 3 is a sectional view showing a modified construction of the spring the
bolt being shown withdrawn from the catch into the casing.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the wiper employed for throwing the bolt by
the key also for locking the bolt.
The bolt a is preferably a plain cylindrical rod for most of its length, and is
fitted to a case 6 of similar form and proper size to receive the bolt this form
being preferred because of being the simplest to construct and also to fit in the
door, or other object to which the lock is to be applied, but I may construct the
bolt and case in any other form of cross section.
Inside of the case and preferably at the inner end of the bolt and for a suitable
distance therefrom along the bolt I cut away the sides of the bolt or otherwise
construct the bolt to form the flat section c in which is made a deep and wide
notch e wherein the wiper f works to throw and lock the bolt, said wiper being
provided with a pivot and key studs g, by which it is mounted on the wiper stand h
for support, said stand consisting of a base by which it is attached to the inuer end
of the lock case, and two upright or horizontal arms (according as the lock may be
placed) in which the pivot studs are supported with the wiper between them, and
the part of the bolt is also arranged between the said arms. The pivot studs
of the wiper fproject from the opposite edges of the wiper near one end and this
end of the wiper is arranged in the notch e of the bolt, so that the wiper swings
along the top or open side of the notch between the ends i and j of the said notch.
At each end of the notch there is a spring k against which the wiper acts to throw
the bolt the springs being adapted to rise a little after the wiper passes and thus
prevent it from being jarred out of its position or turned out by any instrument
besides the key. There is an undercut ledge in the end i of the notch, where the
wiper rests when the bolt is shifted forward into the catch m in which the wiper
is retained by the inclination of the ledge and by the gravity of the wiper so that
it effectually resists the opening of the lock by forcing the bolt back. The ends of
the pivot studs g are squared for a socket key n to be used for turning the wiper,
the socket being formed in the end of a small rod which makes a smaller and
simpler device to carry in the pocket than the ordinary door keys. The form of
the bolt and case which may be used in this improved lock enables the bolt to be

page_text: fitted nicely to the case throughout its entire length and to be firmly supported
thereby which is a more permanent and better working arrangement than is afforded
by the clips, guides, and other attachments to the interior of the case for the support
of the bolt.
In the modification shown in figure 3 the springs are dispensed with and in
place of the springs ka U shaped spring t, can be used which is placed in a recess
in the lower part of the bolt, the shanks of the said spring resting against the top
and bottom of the said notch. If the lock is provided with a U shaped spring it
operates in the same manner as if it were provided with two springs k.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The combination with the bolt a and case b constructed to fit each other for
guiding and supporting the bolt by the case only of the wiper stand, h embracing
the section c of the bolt, having less thickness than the rest of the bolt and the
wiper, supported in said stand and working in the notch e, of the said section c
of the bolt, substantially as described.
2. The combination with the bolt a having notched section c, and undercut
ledge of the wiper f, and a spring k said spring being arranged to retain the
wiper under or in contact with the said ledge substantially as described.
3. The combination of notched section c of the bolt a, wiper f, and a spring k
at each end of the notch to retain the wiper in its positions, substantially as
described.
4. The combination with a bolt. having a notched section c, and an undercut
ledge, of the wiper f, and of the U shaped spring t said spring being placed
within the notch in such a manner that its shanks rest against the top and bottom
.of the same, substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose of
holding the wiper in place.
5. In a lock the combination with a cylindrical casing of a cylindrical bolt held
in the said casing a wiper pivoted in the casing below the bolt, a spring for
retaining the wiper in position and a key for turning the wiper substantially
as herein shown and described.