IMPROVE- MENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN OIL AND OTHER VOLATILE LIQUID HYDROCARBONS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hinks and Joseph Winks, of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
LETTERS PATENT to James Hinks and Joseph Winks, of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN OIL AND OTHER VOLATILE LIQUID
HYDROCARBONS."
Sealed the 16th December 1864, and dated the 23rd June 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hinks and Joseph
Hinks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 23rd June 1864.
We, JAMES HINKS and JOSEPH HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN OIL AND OTHER VOLATILE
LIQUID HYDROCARBONS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to such lamps for burning paraffin oil and other
volatile oils as are not provided with glass globes or chimneys, and consists of
the arrangements herein-after described, by which arrangements the said
lamps are made to burn the said oils without smoke and without odour. We
make the reservoir to contain the oil of any required figure, the said reservoir

page_text: being surmounted by a wick holder of the ordinary kind. The reservoir is
supported in a case, the said case having the same general figure as the
reservoir, the mouth of the said case contracting around the wick holder, and
being surmounted by the ordinary cone or deflector. The reservoir is so
supported in the case that there is a distance of from a quarter to half an inch
all round between the reservoir and case. The said case is supported on a
hollow foot or stand, which foot or stand is perforated with a series of small
holes. The hollow foot communicates with the space between the reservoir
and case. We prefer to contract the space through which the air passes at
the junction of the foot with the case, and also to contract the air space
immediately below the deflector. When the lamp is lighted air passes through
the holes in the foot or stand, and ascending in the space between the
reservoir and case into the cone or deflector is made to impinge on the flame.
By the arrangements described the lamp requires no globe or chimney, and
burns without smoke and without odour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Hinks and Joseph Hinks in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
HINKS and JOSEPH HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Twenty-third day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Iler
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Hinks and Joseph Hinks, Her special licence that we, the
said James Hinks and Joseph Hinks, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said James Hinks and Joseph Hinks,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR
BURNING PARAFFIN OIL AND OTHER VOLATILE LIQUID HYDROCARBONS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Hinks and Joseph Hinks,

page_text: our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or
their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Hinks, on behalf of myself
and the said Joseph Hinks, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say:-
We
Our Invention relates to such lamps for burning paraffin oil and other
volatile oils as are not provided with glass globes or chimneys, and consists of
the arrangements herein-after described, by which arrangements the said
lamps are made to burn the said oils without smoke and without odour.
make the reservoir to contain the oil of any required figure, the said reservoir
being surmounted by a wick holder of the ordinary kind. The reservoir is
supported in a case, the said case having the same general figure as the
reservoir, the mouth of the said case contracting around the wick holder, and
being surmounted by the ordinary cone or deflector. The reservoir is so
supported in the case that there is a distance of from a quarter to half an inch
all round between the reservoir and case. The said case is supported on a
hollow foot or stand, which foot or stand is perforated with a series of small
holes. The hollow foot communicates with the space between the reservoir
and case.
Or the air may pass through perforations in the lower part of the
case. We prefer to contract the space through which the air passes at the
junction of the foot with the case, and also to contract the air space imme-
diately below the deflector. When the lamp is lighted air passes through the
holes in the foot or stand, or case, and ascending in the space between the
reservoir and case into the cone or deflector is made to impingo on the flame.
By the arrangements described the lamp requires no globe or chimney, and
burns without smoke and without odour.
Having explained the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to describė
with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
:
Figure 1 represents in elevation a lamp for burning paraffin oil or other
volatile liquid hydrocarbon, the parts of the said lamp being arranged
according to our Invention; Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same; and

page_text: Figure 3 is a plan of the same, the foot or stand of the said lamp being
omitted in the said Figures 1, 2 and 3; Figure 4 is a plan of the reservoir of
the lamp separately. The same letters indicate the same parts in each
Figure.
a is the reservoir of the lamp containing the oil to be burned in the said
lamp. The said reservoir a is surmounted by an ordinary wick holder b, pro-
vided with pinions c, c, and axis for raising and lowering the wick in the
said holder. The said reservoir a is supported in the case d, having the same
general figure as the said reservoir, the reservoir being supported in the case
by the radial arms or projecting pieces e being soldered or otherwise connected
to the said case. The case d is contracted around the wick holder 6, and the
mouth of the said case is surmounted by the dome or deflector f. Between
the reservoir a and case d an annular passage or space g is left, and the top of
the case dis contracted so as to narrow the passage g² between the case and
the wick holder b, as represented in Figure 2. The space or passage g may
be from a quarter to half an inch wide. The whole of the lower portion of
the case d is perforated with small holes, the said holes communicating with
the space between the reservoir and case at the bottom thereof. Or in place
of or in addition to the perforations in the case a for the admission of air, the
foot or stand of the lamp may be made hollow and be perforated, so as to
admit air through the said perforated foot to the space between the reservoir
and case.
When the lamp is lighted air passes through the perforations in
the case d (or perforated foot or stand) and enters the space g between the
lower part of the reservoir a and case d, and ascending round the reservoir
enters the contracted annular channel 93, and passes into the cone or deflectorf,
by which it is made to impinge on the flame. We do not limit ourselves to
the shape of the reservoir and case, as the said parts may have any desired
ornamental figure given to them. By the arrangement or combination of parts
described and illustrated a copious supply of air is conducted to the flame of
the lamp, and the lamp requires no globe or chimney, and burns without
smoke and without odour.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the precise details herein described, as the same may be
varied without departing from the nature of our Invention; but we claim
as our Invention the improvements herein-before described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawing, in such lamps for burning paraffin oil and other
volatile liquid bydrocarbons as require no globes or chimneys, that is to say,

page_text: the general arrangement or combination described and illustrated of the parts
of the said lamps, whereby a copious supply of air is conducted to the flame,
and the lamp made to burn without smoke and without odour.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hinks, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
JAMES HINKS. (L.s.)