AN IMPROVEMENT IN GLAZING PAPER."
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Cowdery Martin, of Fern Cottage, Charlewood
Road, Putney, in the County of Surrey, Naval Architect, for the Inven-
tion of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN GLAZING PAPER."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Cowdery Martin
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1856.
I, JOHN COWDERY MARTIN, of Fern Cottage, Charlewood Road, Putney, in
the County of Surrey, Naval Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN GLAZING PAPER," to be as follows:-
"The improvement consists in obtaining loose endless glazing surfaces, so as
to glaze paper continuously in any length, and which I effect by means of
covering any ordinary rollers used in glazing paper with one or more loose
endless coverings, one within the other, of larger diameter than the rollers,"
the coverings being composed of metal or other suitable material capable of
imparting a glaze to paper, and so as to form continuous endless glazing
surfaces by the revolutions of an upper and lower roller or rollers, and the
motion against each other of the outer loose endless coverings between which
the paper is passed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Cowdery Martin in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st April 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
COWDERY MARTIN, of Fern Cottage, Charlewood Road, Putney, in the
County of Surrey, Naval Architect, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Cowdery Martin, Her special licence that I, the said
John Cowdery Martin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said John Cowdery Martin, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN GLAZING PAPER," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Cowdery Martin, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Cowdery Martin, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
My said Invention consists in glazing paper by means of endless glazing
surfaces, so as to glaze paper continuously in any length. This I effect by
adding on the exterior of ordinary rolls used in glazing paper, one or more
continuous surfaces or endless coverings (one within the other, when more
than one is used), of larger diameter than the rollers, these surfaces being
composed of metal or other suitable material capable of imparting a glaze to
paper, and so as to form continuous endless glazing surfaces by the revolution
of an upper and lower roller or rollers, and the motion against each other of

page_text: the loose endless coverings or surfaces between which the paper is to be
passed.
Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings represents the side elevation of an
ordinary pair of glazing rolls, having but one continuous surface or loose
endless glazing covering on each, between the surfaces of which coverings the
web of paper is to be passed. a, a, a, a, a, a, represent the edges of the
coverings or continuous glazing surfaces, which. I prefer to be from twice to
three times the diameter of the glazing roll, but I do not confine myself to any
particular excess in diameter over the glazing roll, provided there is always
a space between a part of the covering and the roll; b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b,
shew the ends of rolls to guide and support the coverings, and which may
vary in number and position according to the diameter or size of the covering.
In cases where the excess of the diameter of the coverings over tho glazing
rolls was not great, the guide rolls b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, would be dis-
pensed with. In cases where guide rolls are used they may be conveniently
moved against the coverings, as they roll out or enlarge in the process of
glazing, by means of screws passing through the blocks on which the guide
rolls work, or by levers c, c, as in the Drawing, or any other convenient
means; d, d, d, d, shew the web of paper passing round and between the
coverings or glazing surfaces.
Figure 2 in the annexed Drawing shews a front elevation of Figure 1, above
described.
Figure 3 in the annexed Drawing shews a double pair of rolls, and the
manner in which one endless covering works round two glazing rolls. I
prefer that the circumference of the coverings, when enclosing two glazing
rolls, should be about four times that of one of them; and should more than
two glazing rolls be enclosed in one covering, then the circumference of such
covering should be proportionately enlarged. a', a', a', a', a', a', a', a', shew
the endless coverings or glazing surfaces; and the dotted line b', ', b', U'
shews the web of paper passing round and between the glazing surfaces.
Figure 4 in the annexed Drawing shews the manner in which more than
.one endless covering may be placed round or added to the exterior of a roll,
for the purpose of glazing paper; any number of such coverings that may be
found convenient may be used. Three coverings on each roll D, D, are shewn
on this Figure; e, c, are the inner coverings; f, f, the second coverings, and
9, g, the outer coverings or glazing surfaces between which the paper is to be
passed, and receive pressure for glazing. I prefer the endless coverings or
glazing surfaces being made of copper, and of about one-sixteenth to one-

page_text: eighth of an inch in thickness, but I do not confine myself to that material,
as the coverings or their surfaces may be of other materials suitable for
glazing paper.
Ilaving now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same may be performed, I wish it to be understood that what I
, claim as the Invention, whereof the exclusive use is intended to be secured by
the said Letters Patent, is, the glazing of paper by means of continuous
surfaces as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said, John Cowdery Martin, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
WILL JOHN MARTIN.
i
JOHN C. MARTIN. (L.S.)