Improvements in or connected with Packing for Stuffing Boxes and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in or connected with Packing for Stuffing Boxes
and the like.
I, HUGH MONTGOMERIE, of Cleadon Village, near Sunderland, in the County
of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with packing for stuffing
boxes and the like and consists in a novel application of material in a novel
manner for the purposes of maintaining pressure and preventing leakages in
stuffing boxes.
To effect my purpose I connect the stuffing box with a reservoir or vessel con-
taining shot which is allowed to enter the packed chamber at a convenient pressure
or shot and oil may enter together. I may pack a stuffing box by firstly inserting
two half rings of white or equivalent metal to act as a steam check formed with
oppositely sheared edges to close in as worn or four such half rings may be
employed to break joint.
Any interstices may be packed tight and the rest of the chamber may also be
packed in layers on the same principle so as to close in as worn with the exception
of a medial circumferential portion of the stuffing box which I reserve for a shot
chamber.
This shot chamber is in connection by piping or channels with a shot reservoir
and if necessary a lubricant vessel fitted with stop cocks as and where requisite.
The shot cylinder may if required be acted on by any known mechanical device,
dead weight or spring or as in an accumulator to increase its pressure in the
packing box, so that shot with a portion of oil may keep gradually entering the
packing box and keep forcing the packing against the surfaces of the packing
chamber as the packing wears away under the friction of working. The shot
itself assists lubrication and has a useful tendency to prevent chemical action taking
place between the piston rods and the metallic packing sometimes used. The shot
pressure may be regulated according to the steam or other pressure. To facilitate
distribution there may be opposite the shot entry nozzle or nozzles a pair of
perforated leaden or equivalent half rings bedded in the packing whereby the shot
and oil permeate the layers of packing and thus exert and distribute an equality of
pressures and lubricant.
The leaden ring or half rings thus formed as well as the ordinary packing may
all be formed as above indicated to close in as they become worn whereby the shot
may more readily take effect as and for the purpose stated.
The ordinary gland pressure can of course be used in the ordinary way as
required and it will be seen that thus while this pressure is acting endwise on the
packing, the effect of the shot is to cause or tend to cause a direct pressure around
the circumference of the piston or other rod or rods as the case may be.
Dated this 25th day of September 1891..

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Packing for Stuffing Boxes
and the like.
I, HUGH MONTGOMERIE of Cleadon Village, near Sunderland in the County
of Durham, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with packing for stuffing
boxes and the like and consists in a novel application of material in a novel
manner for the purposes of maintaining pressure and preventing leakages in stuffing
boxes.
The object to be achieved by this invention is to effect a more direct radial
pressure of the packing within the stuffing box and to economise material.
The novelty of this invention as hereinafter set forth consists in the application
and adaptation of shot as a medium for effecting the above desired result and in
order that my invention may be fully understood I will now fully describe it with
the aid of the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 shows a vertical section of a stuffing box and packing and
Figure 2 a cross section on line 10 x y z in Fig. 1.
Referring to the drawings, 1 is a rod, for example a piston rod, shown passing
through the stuffing box 2 and gland 3. 4 is a shot vessel or cylinder shown
screwed into the stuffing box casing. 5 is a plug valve and 6 a piston with a
screwed spindle 7 passing through the cover 8 of the shot vessel. 9 is a handle or
wheel for lowering or heightening the piston within its cylinder. 10 is a semi-
circular leaden or other soft metallic ring, two of which rings may encircle the
rod 1. These rings are perforated with holes A A', so that shot may be able
to pass through them. A' are steam check rings and A is asbestos or other
Suitable packing.
By one arrangement, the shot cylinder from the piston downwards to the stuffing
box and thence around a circumferential portion of the stuffing box is filled with
shot, as indicated in the figs.
When the packing requires tightening, not only may the gland 3 be tightened
up in the ordinary manner but by lowering the piston onto the shot by means of
the wheel or lever 9 the shot is forced to press its way directly along between the
outer layers of fibrous packing and indirectly through the holes of the distributing
rings 10 to the inner layers thus producing a direct radial pressure of the packing
on the rod 1.
If the shot vessel requires re-filling while an engine is running the plug or
other suitable valve 5 may be shut thus closing the communication between
piston and stuffing box; the cover 8 and piston may then be removed and the
cylinder recharged at leisure; for this purpose the shot may conveniently be
made up in the form of cartridges.
Instead however of the fibrous packing generally used a combined packing of
leaden shot and cotton or white metal shot and asbestos made up for the sake of
convenience in the form of cartridges may be substituted. In this case the metallic
rings 10 and packing A' may be dispensed with and the pressure of the piston 6
aud gland 3 made to act on the rod 1 through a medium of shot packing made up
in the form of cartridges as just described.
In making the cartridges or packing enough cotton or fibrous material may be
employed to fill up the interstices between the shot pellets so that when pressure is
applied to the shot packing it may burst the light paper cartridge case in which it
is enclosed and distribute its pressure throughout the entire stuffing box packed
with this material thus producing a direct radial pressure on the rod.
In every case the fibrous material in the cartridge may be saturated or supplied

page_text: with a sufficient quantity of lubricant to assist the smooth working of the rod in
the stuffing box.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvement in packings for stuffing boxes and the like consisting in the
application and adaptation of shot in combination with fibrous packing, the shot
being supplied under pressure from a shot reservoir so as to distribute itself
throughout the outer and inner layers of fibrous packing in the stuffing box partly
by means of arranging a circumferential belt of shot within the box and partly by
the use of distributing rings for the purpose of effecting a more directly radial
pressure on the rod passing through the stuffing box substantially as herein set.
forth.
2. The improvement in packings for stuffing boxes and the like consisting in the
novel application and combination of shot and fibre for the purpose and in the
manner hereinbefore particularly set forth.
Dated this 24th day of June 1809
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.