Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 8th June, 1895
I AUGUST LUDWIG SCHMIDT of Düsseldorf, Rhenish Prussia, Germany;
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of wrought iron wheels made of rolled
plates.
The wheels, as I produce them, differ from wrought iron wheels by their special
construction, according to which of a round disc of sheet iron sector shaped pieces
are punched out of the inner part, leaving a central circular piece in the middle
and a rim at the circumference. Out of the central part a hole is cut out for the
axle box; the radial solid parts left between the central circular piece and the rim
serves for forming the spokes of the wheel and the rim at the circumference forms
part of the felloe.
A plate cut out as described, is pressed in proper shape in a suitable press, by
preference a bydraulic press, so as to be able to take up the axle box and to form
half of the spokes and of the felloe rim of the wheel. The spokes for that purpose
are either pressed in ☐ or: shape and the circular rim in the Z shape. Two
such halves are then rivetted or screwed together, taking the axle box between
them, which is also. firmly secured to the central circular part of the plates; the
flat parts of the shaped arms, touching each other, are rivetted together and
also the inner stays of the Z shaped rims, so that the two rims form together a
ring shaped hollow channel open at the outside; into this ring channel wooden
felloes may be placed and then the tire is put round the wheel as usual.
Instead of making the spokes of this shape they may be made quite round or
oval, tube like; then the second half of the central part holding the axle box .is
cut out specially, and also the second half for forming the felly; these pieces are
then only joined to the main part at the rim forming the flange of the piece for the
axle box and at the inner flange of the ring forming the felly.
The spokes may be made so, as to stand singly and radially, or they may be so.
shaped, that towards the circumference, about half of their length; they branch' out
in two parts so as to give the double number of supports to the felly. In the latter
way hitherto only cast iron wheels have been made.
Dated this 8th day of June 1894.
Improvements in making
I, AUGUST LUDWIG SCHMIDT, of Düsseldorf, Rhenish Prussia, Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner.
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in manufacturing wrought iron wheels,
from rolled sheet iron, or rolled plates, and by these improvements the wrought

page_text: iron wheels not only have the advantage to resemble more common wheels in form,
but their use is spreaded out considerably and is. more generalised. To obtain
these said advantages, I 'prefer the following different ways of construction, as
shown on the accompanying drawings::
Fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4 show my wheel in front view and in section of different shapes,
viz. with straight spokes and with dished spokes, in No. 1 construction.
Fig. 5, 6, 7, 8, show a similar wheel but with spokes branching off at about half-
length, in construction No. 2. .
Fig. 9, 10, 11, 12, 124 show a wheel of construction No. 3 with spokes of
elliptical or cylindrical hollow section.
Fig. 13, 14, 15, show spokes, rim with felloe and central hub of this No. 3 con-
struction.
Fig. 16 and 17, show a modification of the construction of wheels with hollow
tubular spokes.
Fig. 18 and 19 show two other variations of constructing spokes with flanged
connecting parts.
In producing the wheel represented and characterized by Fig. 1 to 4, I prepare
round sheets of iron by cutting rolled plates to shape and giving them a diameter
suitable for the size of wheel; these round plates then are punched at one
operation to form both sectoral openings ø and a central hole for the hub, the
remaining radial arms are then pressed in a mould having shaped grooves and
the rim of the disc is pressed in a Z shaped ring mould. The depth of these
moulds corresponds to half the width of the felloe, so that, if two such pressed
discs are put face to face, they will be completely congruent in all parts of spokes.
as well as of rim or felloe. To form a complete wheel, two such discs are now
put together correspondingly, in taking care to put in the centre between the two
a cast iron hub D, having projections d d and cover the centres by two plates x,
upon which are then put the discs ff, shaped conveniently at their periphery to
correspond to the division of spokes. The hub D, and moulded discs and covering
discs, are then firmly connected by bolts e, the congruent flat parts of the spokes
and the felloe care rivetted together or jointed otherwise so as to form now one
solid piece.
The channel left at the periphery by the Z shape of the rims, can be filled in
with sectors of wooden felloes or left empty, and finally the wheel is completed by
shrinking on the tyre g. To keep the tyre in place, I take bolts h and bolts i
passing through tyre and felloe at suitable intervals. The wheel represented
Fig. 5 to 8 is produced in the same way. It is distinguished from the preceding!
construction by the forked spokes h, h, and it is especially suitable for, great loads,
as the tyres are supported in double the number of points. The forked part of the
spokes h, amounts to about two fifths of their length, and these spokes are in every
respect made like the single spokes. The felloe and hub of these wheels Fig. 5
to 8 are likewise made as described above and as shown in the drawing.
Figures 9 to 15 show a third way of making wrought iron wheels of my invention,
and this way is as follows: After having cut a round disc of rolled sheet-iron y,
and punched out the sectorshaped openings a, and central hole for the hub, the
disc
y is pressed in the mould with Z shaped ring for the felloe c₁, but the spokes b
are pressed in a mould, not of Ushape as before, but in another mould giving the
spokes completely an elliptical or cylindrical shape, such as have common wood
spokes. The felloe part and central part for the hub, are in this system pressed in
a shape indicated by Fig. 9 10, 11 & 13 to half the width of felloe and half the
length of hub centre. The other half for felloes and hub is then pressed out of
separately cut sheet iron parts, and brought to the form shown in Fig. 14 and 15;
to complete the wheel then, the felloe ring and hub part are rivetted to the main
wheel disc described above.
.
Fig. 12 and 124 show a modified way of forming the joint between spokes and
felloe-ring. In this construction the felloe-ring is made of two halves pressed
between suitable moulding rings, the spokes are split at their ends, one half of the

page_text: spoke is bent to the right, the other to the left, in a proper shaped fork to receive
the felloe, after which the latter is rivetted to the forked ends of the spokes.
Another modified way to make the wheels is shown in Fig. 16. The two half
wheels are pressed, consisting of central hub part R, spokes and felloe-rim a²;
the spokes in this system are shaped like Fig. 16, in a deep mould, so as to
overlap on each side, when the two halves are put together and then they are
rivetted together.
In a similar way a wheel is formed as by Fig. 17; consisting of central hub
part R, spokes and rim a³ the difference is only, that here one half spoke is
moulded in a narrower mould than the other, so as to join the narrow half spoke
into the other wider half, as seen in 6 Fig. 17.
Fig. 18 show another way of forming the joint of the two halves of spokes. One
half spoke 3 is flanged in the moulding press with a much wider flange L than
the other half, so as to allow the wider flanged half to be beaded over the
narrower half; this way insures an absolute stiffness of the spoke. R indicates, as
before, the central hub part and c* the felloe rim.
Fig. 19, is a simplified method of joining the wider flanged spoke half b³ to the
narrow flanged one, in as much as a complete beading over is replaced by half a
bead, reaching the thickness of the narrow flange, and covering the joint between
the two halves. Then the flanges are rivetted together as shown, R indicating
again the central hub part and c³ the felloe rim.
These two latter modifications of making wheels are suitable for heavy wheels;
the three last constructions can also be made, according to Fig. 12, 12A, in moulding
and pressing separately the hub and the spoke-half, and the felloe-half, and putting
them together by forking the ends of spokes, and rivetting the whole.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what [
claim is:
1. The construction of a wrought iron plate wheel, consisting of two iron discs
and a centre part or hub and spokes b, obtained by punching or cutting out of the
sheet iron plate suitable sector shaped pieces a, and pressed each in suitable moulds,
so as to leave between each other, when they are put together facing each other
symmetrically, a space to receive a central hub, and which discs are then rivetted
and bolted together, leaving at the outer rim an open channel to form a strong
felloe by filling in it wooden felloe pieces or not, and by circling it by a tyre g,
Fig. 1-4, Sheet I.
2. The construction of a wrought iron wheel, consisting of two rings of sheet
iron, having their central part, with a hole in the centre, in one piece with spokes
or arms h h h, branched off at about half their length and forming double the
number of supporting points at the rim c, the sheet iron rings then to be pressed
in Z shaped run and shaped spoke moulds, and to be united in the centre by
hub D, d. by rivetting or bolting as seen Fig. 5-8 Sheet I.
3. Wrought iron wheels to be composed of a ring of sheet iron y, and a central
piece with a hole, both joined by a star of spokes 6 of elliptical or circular section,
obtained by punching a round disc y so as to cut out sector-shaped pieces a, and by
pressing the remaining arms in suitable moulds to give the shape to the spokes;
the sheet iron ring after being shaped in a Z shaped mould, being joined to the
other ring with its spokes, and to a hub, put between the spoked ring and a round
sheet disc S to form the centre of the wheel, and all these parts being suitably
connected together, filling then into the outer channel-rim wooden felloes or not,
and the whole being surrounded by a shrunk on iron tyre g, Fig. 9-15, Sheet I.
4. A form of construction for producing wrought iron wheels staniped from sheet
iron rounds, with tubular spokes, wherein each half of wheel with hub centre R,
spokes and felloes a' is stamped in a separate mould, whereafter these halves are
rivetted together, the length of the spokes having overlapping seams, in section
like Fig. 16 and 17, Sheet II.

page_text: 5. A further variation in the way of producing the said wheels by stamping and
punching process to two iron discs, wherein each disc has half a hub centre R,
half a spoke b, and half the felloe ring c³, and wherein the half round flanged
sections of these, spokes are united to form hollow spokes by beading and rivetting,
Fig. 18 and 19, Sheet II.
Dated this Seventh day of March 1895..
AUGUST LUDWIG SCHMIDT,
Per Karl J. Mayer,
Agent.