IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BEARINGS OR STEPS EMPLOYED IN MACHINERY, AND RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND IN A COMPOSITION TO BE APPLIED THERETO
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nathaniel Jones Amies, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BEARINGS OR STEPS EMPLOYED IN MACHINERY,
AND RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND IN A COMPOSITION TO BE APPLIED
THERETO."
Sealed the 21st January 1863, and dated the 11th August 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathaniel Jones Amies
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on
the 11th August 1862.
I, NATHANIEL JONES AMIES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BEARINGS OR STEPS EMPLOYED IN
MACHINERY AND RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND IN A COMPOSITION TO BE
APPLIED THERETO," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of dispensing with brass and
other expensive metals employed in the manufacture of "steps" or "bearings,"
and consists in the substitution and use of malleable cast iron for the exterior
or case, and in filling the interior or parts subject to friction with any well

page_text: known antifrictional composition, or with one consisting of caoutchouc, gutta
percha, or other elastic gums incorporated with plumbago, steatite, or plastic,
earthy, or metallic matters, bound together atomically with vegetable or animal
gums or size, and in such proportions as, when dry, to form a hard and solid
filling for the aforesaid bollow case. This composition constitutes the second
part of my Invention, and may also be used for bearings by itself, the chief
feature being the combination of the aforesaid ingredients or their equivalents
to the entire exclusion of all vegetable or animal fibre, such composition
exciting less friction, and consequently is better adapted for steps or bearings
than when fibrous materials are combined therewith.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Nathaniel Jones Amies in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th February 1868.
. TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NATHANIEL
JONES AMIES, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Nathaniel Jones Amies, Her special license that I, the said Nathaniel Jones
Amies, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Nathaniel Jones Amies, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BEARINGS OR STEPS EMPLOYED IN MACHINERY AND
RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND IN A COMPOSITION TO DE APPLIED THERETO,"
upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Nathaniel Jones Amies,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal; should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nathaniel Jones Amies, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to.
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say): :-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of dispensing with brass and
other expensive metals employed in the manufacture of "steps" or "bearings,"
and consists in the substitution and use of malleable cast iron for the exterior
or case, and in filling the interior or parts subject to friction with any well-
known non-metallic antifrictional composition, or with one consisting of
caoutchouc, gutta percha, or other clastic gums incorporated with plumbago,
steatite, or plastic earthy or metallic matters bound together atomically with
vegetable or animal gums or size, and in such proportions as, when dry, to
forin a hard and solid filling for the aforesaid hollow case. This composition
constitutes the second part of my Invention, and may also be used for-
bearings by itself, the chief feature being the combination of the aforesaid
ingredients or other equivalents to the entire exclusion of all vegetable or animal
fibre, such composition exciting less friction, and consequently is better
adapted for steps or bearings than when fibrous materials are combined
therewith.
The bearings, journals, or steps are to be cast of malleable cast iron, and
formed with cavities or recesses, for the filling of the aforesaid composition is
to be opposed to the frictional surface requiring lubrication, and which may
be made of caoutchouc, gutta percha, or other elastic gum, one part; plumbago,
steatite, or plastic, earthy, or metallic matter three parts; and vegetable or
animal gum or size one part; or such other component parts as may be found
desirable; but when water or liquid in a heated state has to come into contact
with the composition, I prefer to employ a gum called "rhus copallinus"
(gum copal) which is better calculated to resist the action of heated liquids.
I would also remark, that this composition may be employed alone, suitably
cast or formed without the addition of wood or metal.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim,-
'.
First, the employment and use of malleable cast iron to form bearings,
journals, steps, or other equivalent frictional surfaces in combination with
the aforesaid, or any other non-metallic antifrictional composition.
And, secondly, I claim the employment of a composition as a lubricating
compound for the purpose of diminishing friction, which consists of certain

page_text: proportions of caoutchouc, gutta percha, or other elastic gums combined with
plumbago, steatite, or plastic, earthy, or metallic matters, and bound together
with vegetable or animal gums or size, as herein-before described and set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nathaniel Jones Amies, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES,
Office for Patents,
Manchester.
NATH. JONES AMIES. (L.S.)