Improvements in the Construction of Continuous Kilns or Ovens for Burning Brick, Lime, or Cement.
Year: 1894

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883), as required
by the decision of the Chief Examiner of the 14th day of March 1896.
Date of Application, 22nd Dec.. 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th June, 1895-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Continuous Kilns or Ovens for
Burning Brick, Lime, or Cement.
GEORGE WARREN of Danby Terrace, Exmouth, Devon Brick and Tile
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Improvements in the construction of flues The main flue I put in the centre of
the kiln, just below the floor level, with a cross flue to each chamber leading from
the outer wall to the main flue with a damper to be worked outside the kiln. A
central flue I put over the main bottom fluo any height from the floor of the
chamber preferable about eighteen inches, with a short cross fluc into each
chamber; this I use to utilize the waste heat from the cooling chamber for drying
the green goods, to be burnt, before the fire reaches the same A third flue
construct on the top of the last named flue about level with the top of the crown
or arches, with cross flues and dampers leading to openings on the top of each
obamber. This arrangement I use to make my coutinuous kiln an updraught
kiln.
I also build cross walls if required for glazing or bluing brick, with fire proof
doors or sliding dampers to shut off one chamber from another and thereby make
continuous kilns act for glazing and blueing.
Dated this 21st day of December 1894.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in the Construction of Continuous Kilns or Ovens for
Burning Brick, Lime, or Cement.
1, GEORGE WARREN of 16 Dauby Terrace Exmouth in the County of Devon,
Brick and Tile Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to what are known as continuous or chamber kilns such for
instance, as the "Perfect" kiln described in Sercombe's Specification No 218
of 1891, for burning bricks or other articles, the cluef objects of my invention
being:
Firstly to so equalize the heat of the chambers that the bricks therein will all
be bunt of equal hardness;

page_text: Secondly to produce perfect combustion and thereby to economize fuel and
prevent smoke from entering the chimney shaft; and
Thudly, to utilize better than heretofore the waste hent escaping from chambers
which are cooling, for drying green bricks or other articles in other chambers
before firing, and thus preventing the staining or discolouring of the same.
In the accompanying drawings-
Figure 1 is a plan of a kiln provided with my improvements.
Figure 2 is a plan shewing my hot air flue.
Figure 3 is a plan of the top of the kiln shewing my steam flue.
Figure 4 is a section on the line a. a.
Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line b. b.
My improved kiln which may be round but preferably of oblong or rectangular
shape, is provided with two arches placed side by side and connected at their ends
to form a continuous chamber or tunnel. There is a space between these arches
ou the inner or adjacent sides wherein is constructed the fluc c. c. which is con-
nected to the chimney c' the said flue preferably three feet six inches (3′ 6″) in
height and three feet six (3' 6") in width. The arches of the kiln are enclosed in
an outer shell or covering d. d which in order to avoid the use of unnecessary
number of bricks, is formed with pockets e. e. filled with rubble.
f.f. are apertures for affording access to the kiln, the number of apertures
corresponding to the number of chambers into which the kilo is adapted to be
divided as shewn upon the drawing this number is fourteen for a single kilu.
Each portion of the kiln designed to serve as a chamber is connected by a flue q.
to the main flue e the said flue g. (which is preferably one foot six inches (1'6")
in height and one foot six inches (1' 6") in width) extending from the damper h.
underneath the floor of the kiln to the said flue c. There is an arched passage
extending from each chamber through the outer covering in which passage the
damper h. 18 airauged to slide. The mouth of the passage is closed when necessary
with an iron plate and made air-tight by means of clay.
In the centre of the kiln is a flue which is connected with the soveral portions
of the kiln designed to form chambers by means of passages J. J. each of which
passages is provided with a cover k. the said cover being attached to a rod 1.
running in an iron tube, and lifted from the top of the kiln.
8
The flue it will be noticed, is placed between the arches in order that the heat
escaping from one chamber shall pass as duectly as possible to another chamber
and thereby suffer as little loss as possible, also to prevent the same from becoming
leaky by the expansion and contraction that must take place in the firing and
cooling of all kilns.
In the upper part of the kiln is the flue m which is connected with the several
portions of the kiln designed to form chambers by menus of passages n. n. each of
which passages is provided with a cover at o the edge of which is adapted to fit
into a tough surrounding the opening in the crown of the arch through which
the heat enters the passage n. the said cover being removed through the opening p.
closed by a cover.
The Hue S it will be observed is connected with the chimney
by the main flue and is for the purpose of removing the steam that will arise from
the green buck or other goods and so to prevent discolouration. It may be used
when necessary for drawing the file to the top of the kiln so as to ensure an even
temperature throughout the chambers.
2. g. are holes extending from the top of the kiln to the interior of the chambers
and serving for the introduction of fuel, the said holes being normally closed at the
top by covers fitting into sents.
Having now particularly described and stated the nature of my said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same 18 to be performed I declare that I am
aware of Dean's Specification No 21870 of 1893 and do not desne to claim
anything described and claimed therein but what I claim 18 :-
1. The construction of a coutinuous kiln substantially as described with a

page_text: central flue between the arches, so that the heat escaping from the cooling
chambers may pass by means of a flue (2) placed as shown over the smoke fluc
directly to the chambers in which groen bricks or other goods are stacked ready
for firing, substantially as and for the purpose, described.
2. The improved kiln herembefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
1
1005
GEORGE WARREN.