A NEW OR IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR OR APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS USED IN BREWERIES AND DISTILLERIES AND FOR OTHER SMILAR PURPOSES ALSO APPLICABLE FOR HEATING LIQUIDS OR FOR CONDENSING STEAM SPIRITS AND OTHER VAPOURS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morton and Philip Robinson trading as
Robert Morton & Co. of Burton-on-Trent in the County of Stafford Brewers
Engineers for an Invention of A NEW OR IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR OR
APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS USED IN BREWERIES AND DISTILLERIES
AND FOR OTHER SMILAR PURPOSES ALSO APPLICABLE FOR HEATING LIQUIDS
OR FOR CONDENSING STEAM SPIRITS AND OTHER VAPOURS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morton & Philip
Robinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February
1882.
WILLIAM MORTON and PHILIP ROBINSON, trading as Robert Morton & Co.
of Burton on Trent in the County of Stafford, Brewers Engineers, " A NEW
OB IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR OR APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS USED IN
BREWERIES AND DISTILLERIES AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES-ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR HEATING LIQUIDS OR FOR CONDENSING STEAM, SPIRITS AND
OTHER VAPOURS,"
This Invention has for its object an improved construction of tubular refrigerator
presenting a large and effective cooling surface easily cleaned and repaired and
although constructed of thin metal, possessing great strength and durability.
In carrying out our Invention we employ a specially drawn (by preference seam-
less) copper, brass or other suitable metal tube which is flat at the top and is
formed with a rib or projection running along the whole length of one edge at the
bottom, this rib or projection serving to guide or turn off the liquid, being cooled,
and also imparting strength to the tube. These tubes are further formed flat on
one side so that two tubes can be soldered together side by side and thus gain
additional strength. A series of these double tubes are mounted with their flat
tops arranged horizontally one above another in a frame, leaving a small space
between each tube to permit a current of air to pass through, which is of considerable
importance in adding to the cooling capacity.
The liquor to be cooled is allowed to flow down and over the outsides of these
tubes so arranged as aforesaid, whilst cold water passes through them. In long
machines, to stay the tubes we affix one, two, or more buttons on the top side of
each tube at suitable distances apart and thus the tubes support each other.
It will be readily apparent that this improved tubular construction is equally
suitable for apparatus for heating liquids or for condensing steam, spirits or
other vapours.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Morton and Philip Robinson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th August 1882.
"6
WILLIAM MORTON and PHILIP ROBINSON trading as Robert Morton & Co.
of Burton on Trent in the County of Stafford Brewers Engineers A NEW
OR IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR OR APPARATUS FOR COOLING LIQUIDS USED IN
BREWERIES AND DISTILLERIES AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR HEATING LIQUIDS OR FOR CONDENSING STEAM, SPIRITS, AND
OTHER VAPOURS”
This Invention has for its object an improved construction of tubular refri-
gerator presenting a large and effective cooling surface easily cleaned and repaired
and although constructed of thin metal possessing great strength and durability.
In carrying out our Invention we employ a specially drawn (by preference seamless)
copper, brass or other suitable metal tube which is flat at the top and is formed
with a rib or projection running along the whole length of one edge at bottom,
this rib or projection serving to guide or turn off the liquid being cooled and also
imparting strength to the tube. These tubes are further formed flat on one side
so that two tubes can be soldered together side by side and thus gain additional
strength. A series of these double tubes are mounted with their flat tops arranged
horizontally one above another in a frame leaving a small space between each tube
to permit a current of air to pass through which is of considerable importance in
adding to the cooling capacity. The liquid to be cooled is allowed to flow down
and over the outsides of these tubes so arranged as aforesaid, whilst cold water passes
through them. In long machines, to stay the tubes we affix one, two, or more
buttons on the top side of each tube at suitable distances apart and thus the tubes
support each other. It will be readily apparent that this improved tubular con-
struction is equally suitable for apparatus for heating liquids or for condensing
steam, spirits or other vapours.
And in order that this our said Invention may be the more readily understood
and carried into practical effect we have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings
illustrative of our improvements and will now proceed to describe the same with
the assistance of the various figures and letters of reference marked thereon.
Fig 1 represents a cross section (drawn about full size) of one of our improved
thin metallic tubes shewn singly and Fig 2 is a cross section of a pair of such
tubes showing how the same are secured together side by side by soldering
and used in the construction of our improved refrigerating and other analogous
apparatus. It will be observed that these tubes are formed flat top and
bottom and with a projecting lip (a) which runs the whole length of the tube
and so not only imparts strength to the tube but serves to turn off the worts or
other liquid when flowing over the outside of such tubes and this without the
necessity of soldering on the usual serrated strip. In this construction of cooling
tube where one section is thus secured or soldered alongside another great strength
is produced even when employing the thinnest possible tube. Fig 3 represents a
cross section of a similar single tube and Fig 4 a pair of tubes which only differ
from those illustrated in Figs 1 and 2 in having the projecting lip (b) at the top of
the tube in addition to the lip (a) at the bottom-this arrangement serving more
perfectly to guide or turn off the liquid being cooled. In Fig 5 we illustrate a front
view and in Fig 6 an end view (with the cover partially removed) of a refrigerating
or cooling apparatus for liquids for use in a brewery for cooling worta. Fig 7 repre-
sents a transverse section of a portion of Fig 5 along the line a b. In Figs 5 6 and 7

page_text: (which are shown broken for want of space to shew the entire height) (c c c) are a
series of our improved thin metallic tubes (by preference copper) mounted with
their flat sides arranged horizontally and parallel to each other and at a slight
distance apart in the vertical end frames (d. d) constructed by preference of gun
metal. These frames are divided by partitions (e e) into compartments which are
arranged one above another and the ends of the tubes (o c) open into their several
compartments all the compartments being enclosed simultaniously by the cover (ƒ)
secured in position by the set screws (g) as illustrated a tight joint being secured
between the compartments by india rubber strips inserted in grooves in the cover.
h is the inlet for the cooling water and (2) the outlet for the same the arrows in
Fig 5 indicate the direction in which the cooling water passes through the apparatus.
Above the tubes is a horizontal pipe (5) through which the worts or other liquid to
be cooled entering through the branch pipe (k) is conveyed on to the outside of the
cooling tubes by first passing upwards through a slot (7) formed on the top of this
pipe into the trough (m) (as seen more clearly in Fig. 7) and from thence escaping
through the perforated sides of such trough on to the outside of the pipe (,) and
being finally led off the same by the corrogated strip (n) on the bottom of such
pipe. The worts or other liquid now fall on to the topmost of the series of cooling
tubes and owing to the peculiar form of such tubes such worts or other liquid is
caused to travel over the entire outside surface of each tube being perfectly led or
guided off from one tube to another by the projecting lip a (see Figs 1 and 2)
hereinbefore described, until the lowest tube is reached when the serrated strip (0)
serves to spread the liquid and prevent it falling too much in one place.
It will be apparent that this construction of refrigerating apparatus presents the
largest possible cooling surface to the liquid requiring to be cooled whilst the tubes
being slightly separated from each other permits a current of air to pass between
and so to materially assist the refrigerating operation and also affords facility for
cleansing.
In some cases and especially where the cooling tubes care of great length we
prefer to affix metallic buttons or projections (p) between such tubes at suitable
distances apart and thus we keep the tubes separate and true with regard to each
other and obviate any tendency of the tubes to bend out of shape when
heated.
In Fig 8 we illustrate an outside end view and in Fig 9 a transverse section of
another arrangement of trough for supplying the worts or other liquid to our
improved refrigerating apparatus-In this case the sides of the trough q are solid
and the worts or other liquid is supplied through the piper escaping therefrom
through the side orifices s into the trough and thence falling through the perforated
groove into the chamber secured to the top-most tube of the refrigerator.
The liquid now overflows this channel (the outer sides of which are grooved or
serrated transversely to ensure the liquid spreading over the widest possible area)
and passes on to the outside of the cooling tubes, when the operation is continued
downwards as in the last mentioned arrangement.
Although only herein before described as applied in the construction of refri-
gerating apparatus it will be obvious that these improvements are equally
applicable in the construction of apparatus for heating liquids or for condensing
steam or other vapours.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
Invention together with the best methods with which we are acquainted for
carrying the same into pratical effect we wish it to be distinctly understood that
we do not confine ourselves to the precise details relative proportions or dimensions
of the various parts of our improved apparatus hereinbefore described and illus-
trated on the accompanying Drawing as the same may be considerably varied
without departing from the Invention but what we claim is:
1st The general construction and arrangement of refrigerating or cooling
apparatus for liquids substantially as bereinbefore described and illustrated on the
accompanying Drawing.

page_text: 2nd In the construction of a refrigerator or apparatus for cooling or heating
liquids or for condensing vapours, the employment of thin flat metallic tubes in
two sections soldered together and having rounded outer edges and a projecting lip
or lips substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated
on the accompanying Drawing.
3rd The improved method of staying the tubes of refrigerators or other similar
apparatus with metallic buttons and so keeping them separate and true with regard
to each other and preventing them bending out of shape substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof we the said William Morton and Philip Robinson have
hereunto set our hands and seals this 17th day of August in the year
of our Lord One thousand, eight hundred and eighty two.
WILLIAM MORTON. (L.S.)
PHILIP ROBINSON.
(L.&.)