İmprovements in or relating to Machines for Stitching Pamphlets, Patterns, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Jate of Application, 10th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
İmprovements in or relating to Machines for Stitching Pamphlets,
Patterns, and the like.
A communication from GUSTAV KLEIM and CARL FORWERK, of Plagwitz,
Saxony, in the German Empire.
I, ADOLPH RIEKMANN, of 59, Knightrider Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a machine for stitching pamphlets, patterns and the like
by means of threads.
By means of a machine constructed according to this invention each book or
pamphlet is provided with one or more tightly drawn knots, and the stitched
pamphlets or books are subsequently severed from each other by a cutting device.
In a suitable frame is supported a driving shaft upon which are mounted cams or
tappets. One of these cams operates the mechanism by which is effected the feed
or delivery of the work to be stitched, another cam operates the needle-bar and
needle, another cam acts upon the presser-foot and the fourth operates the take-up
acting on the needle-thread.
To the frame the table is suitably attached..
According as it is desired to stitch ordinary folded sheets, patterns or entire
pamphlets, the table may at the top assume an angular shape or be supplemented
by a flat work plate. In the table is provided the way or race for the shuttle
which by means of a carrier and lever is moved backwards and forwards therein.
There may also be provided in the table a guide for the loop-catcher which receives
motion by means of a lever from an eccentric. The shuttle-lever is operated from
an eccentric through the medium of a lever.
The bar operated by the first mentioned or feel actuating cam is connected to an
arm and by suitably adjusting the position of the point of connection of these two
parts, a swinging movement of greater or less extent is obtained and the work
moved quicker or slower through the machine. A pawl connected to this last
mentioned arm causes a ratchet wheel to perform part of a revolution, and from
this ratchet wheel other wheels preferably three or more in number, are operated,
whereby the continuous conveyance of the pamphlet through the machine is ensured.
In operation the book or pamphlet to be stitched or bound is placed upon the table
in such a position that the part to be bound lies just underneath the needle.
Assuming that at that moment the needle is at the highest point of its stroke and
the catcher at the left, the shuttle is on the right of the needle-guide, and the
shuttle-thread slightly depresses a balancing arm or lever while a thread-hook is
retained at its highest position by a cam secured to the loop-catcher lever-arm, the
upper part of this cam being preferably in the form of a movable weighted arm.
Such being the position of the parts, if the machine be set in motion, the needle
passes through the folded sheet or pamphlet, the catcher moves forward, catches
the loop which is being formed by the needle and retains it, while the needle
accomplishes part of its upward movement. The shuttle then moves towards the
left and loosens the thread. The balancing arm or lever is raised by the action of
a spring or weight and the thread-hook or catcher draws down the thread. Owing
to the bent portion of the catcher or loop-taker the needle-thread is drawn off
sufficiently for the shuttle to pass behind it. The shuttle-thread which has become
loose as the shuttle proceeds, is drawn downwards a sufficient distance for the
shuttle to pass beyond it, by the weighted upper part of the cam carried on the
loop catcher arm acting through the medium of the before mentioned thread-hook.

page_text: At the moment when the shuttle has completed its course, it has passed its own
thread and has thus formed the first loop. The balancing lever is at that moment
in its lowermost position. The shuttle is now to commence its return movement.
The loop loosened thereby is raised by the balancing lever, the loop-taker has by
this time receded somewhat and its widened portion opens the loop of the thread
sufficiently for the shuttle to pass through the said loop. When the shuttle has
completed its return stroke, the loop catcher has also had time to resume its initial
position. The needle too has by this time reached the limit of its upward
movement and the result is that the knot is drawn tight.
The feeding or delivering device is adjusted at will so that the length of the
stitches or the distance between the knots may be increased or decreased as desired.
As soon as the last stitch has been made in one book a fresh book or folded sheet is
fed up to the place of its predecessor under the needle, and both books are then,
for the time being, connected by the threads and are subsequently cut asunder by a
cutting device which may be operated through a link connected with loop-catcher
lever, the arrangement being such that the position of the cutting device may be
altered to suit the cutting apart of pamphlets of different sizes.
It is preferred to pass the "top" thread, before it reaches the needle, between
two washers or discs one or both spring controlled so that the thread will be gripped
between them to the desired extent which may be adjustable by a nut.
An arm
carried on the presser-foot bar at each upward stroke of said bar forces the discs
apart and releases the thread at the required time.
A pivotted gauge, which may also act as an auxiliary presser-foot may be
applied so that each pamphlet may be moved up to it when inserted in the machine
and receive the first stitch in the same position as its predecessor did. This gauge
may be raised by the ratchet carrying arm of the feeding or delivering device and
lowered by a spring so that it may be clear of the pamphlets when they are moved
onwards through the machine.
The "under" thread is placed in the shuttle preferably in the form of a cop or
pirn and is retained therein by a spring-controlled or other lid or cover and before
passing out of the shuttle passes around an adjustable spring-controlled tension
device contained therein.
Dated this 10th day of June 1892
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Stitching Pamphlets,
Patterns, and the like.
A communication from
GUSTAV KLEIM and CARL Forwerk, of Plagwitz,
Saxony, in the German Empire.
I, ADOLPH RIEKMANN, of 59 Knightrider Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to a machine for stitching pamphlets, patterns, and the
like, by means of threads.
By means of a machine constructed according to this invention, each book or
pamphlet is provided with one or more tightly-drawn knots, and the stitched
pamphlets, or books, all connected together by the threads, are subsequently
severed from each other by hand or other suitable means.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine with the needle raised, and partly in
section, on the line 1-1 of Figure 2, which is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of
Figure 1.

page_text: '8°
не пие
gure, wICH IS a front
elevation, partly in section, on the line 4-4 of Figure 3, showing the machine with
the needle in its lowest position.
Figures 5 to 11 are detail views showing the various positions assumed by the
needle, loop-catcher, shuttle, balancing-lever, and thread-hook as the knot is
formed.
Figure 12 is a transverse section through the table showing the thread-hook
and its directly connected parts.
Figure 13 is a plan of the loop-catcher.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
In a suitable frame A is supported a driving shaft B upon which are mounted
the cams C C₁ C' and C³. The cam C operates a bar D which is slotted to work
over the shaft B and which, at its lower end, which in Fig. 3 is broken away, is
adjustably connected to a pivotted pawl-carrying arm E by which, through suitable
gearing and rollers hereinafter described, the feed or delivery of the work to be
stitched is effected. The cam C₁ operates the needle-bar F and needle F', the
bar F being slotted as shown in Figure 4, to work over the shaft B; the
cam Cacts upon the presser-bar G' and presser-foot G and the cam C operates
the take-up H acting on the needle-thread I, which is represented in dot-and-dash
lines.
To the frame A the table A' is suitably attached.
According as it is desired to stitch ordinary folded sheets, patterns, or entire
pamphlets, the table may at the top assume an angular shape as shown in the
accompanying drawings, or be supplemented by a flat work-plate. In the table A¹
is provided the way or race for the shuttle J, which, by means of a carrier L
and lever L, is moved backwards and forwards therein. The shuttle used for
performing the special operation for which it is intended, is peculiarly constructed.
As may be seen in Figures 5 to 11, when regarded from the front both its points
are situated on different levels, while if viewed from the top or bottom, both points
will be seen in the same straight line. This construction is necessary for the
reason that to tie the knot according to this invention, the shuttle-thread Q must
be carried round and through the loop of the needle thread I. There may also
be provided in the table a guide for the loop-catcher M which receives motion
by means of levers M¹ M² from a cam or eccentric M³. The shuttle-lever L'
is operated from a cam or eccentric L' through the medium of a lever L². The
cams L M are secured on the vertical shaft L geared with the shaft B through
mitre wheels L'.
The bar D is pivotally connected to the arm E by a bolt or equivalent D¹ and
by suitably adjusting the position of this bolt D' (for which purpose the arm E is
slotted, as shown in Figures 1 and 4) a swinging movement of greater or less
extent is obtained, and the work is consequently moved quicker or slower through
the machine. The arm E may for this purpose, if desired, also be suitably
graduated to indicate the position to which D' must be adjusted in order to move
the work through the machine at the various speeds. E³ is a spring connected
to E for counteracting the weight of the arin E and bar D so as to relieve the
cam C. The pawl E mounted on the pivotted arm E at each upward stroke of
said arm causes the ratchet wheel E* to perform part of a revolution and at each
downward stroke slips over the teeth of the ratchet wheel. On the shaft of the
ratchet wheel E' is secured the toothed wheel N which, through the wheels N' N',
operates the pressure rollers OO by the bearing of which, under the action of
their springs O³, on the pamphlets, the continuous conveyance of said pamphlets
through the machine is ensured. The pressure exerted by the rollers 00¹ on the
pamphlets may be adjusted by screwing the winged nuts 0 more or less on or off
the roller-carrying yokes or rods 0% on which the springs 03 act. The roller O¹
is formed integral with a pulley O' which, through a band P³ and pulley P* rotates
the roller P working freely in open bearings A' so that its weight may be imposed
upon the pamphlets. Beneath the rollers 00' and suitably mounted in the table A¹

page_text: are rollers O shown in dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 4; the upper part of these
rollers O® project through openings in the upper part of the table A'.
In operation the book or pamphlet to be stitched or bound is placed upon the
table A in such a position that the part at which the first stitch is to be made, is
just underneath the needle F¹. Assuming that, at that moment, as shown in
Figures 1 and 5, the needle is at the highest point of its stroke and the loop
catcher M at the left, the shuttle J is on the right of the needle-guide or path A³
and the shuttle-thread Q which passes under the fixed stud a' slightly depresses a
balancing arm or lever R over the whole length of which it passes while a pivotted
thread-hook S, shown in the detail Figures 5 to 11, and more particularly in
Figure 12, is retained at its highest position by a cam S¹ secured to the lever M',
the upper parts of this cam being preferably in the form of a movable weighted
arm pivotted at s. The balancing arm or lever R is guided in its ascent and
descent by means of a pin r working in curved slots in two plates (one of
which only is shown in the accompanying drawings) between which work the
arm R and lever R¹ hereinafter more particularly described.
The cam S' is connected to the thread-hook S through the anti-friction roller s²
and rod son which it is mounted, and link s', Figure 12.
Such being the position of the parts, if the machine be set in motion, the presser
foot G by means of its cam C' will first be moved down or allowed to descend, under
the action of its spring G³, on to the material to be sewn to secure it in position.
The needle F will then (while the needle-thread is securely held between the
discs U hereinafter described) pass through the folded sheet or pamphlet X,
Figures 5 to 11, and the loop catcher M will move forward (towards the right of
Figures and 4 to 11), and catch the loop i being formed by the needle-thread I,
and afterwards retain it while the needle accomplishes the first part of its upward
movement; the relative positions assumed by the various parts of the stitch-forming
mechanism at this stage are shown in Figure 6. The shuttle J then moves towards
the left and in so doing loosens the thread Q then outside of said shuttle so that the
balancing arm or lever R through the counterweighted or spring-controlled lever R¹
below it, is raised to its highest position. The lever R¹ in the accompanying
drawings is shown both counterweighted and provided with a spring R2 but either
a counterweight or spring may be used. At this juncture the thread-hook S under
the action of the cam S₁ moving towards the right with the loop catcher M, which
cam draws the thread-hook down, draws down the thread Q as shown in Figure 7.
Owing to the recessed, narrow, or deflected portion m Figure 13 of the loop-catcher
or taker M the needle-thread 1, which at this time is drawn somewhat tight by the
ascent of the needle F', is moved or-held aside (towards the front of the machine)
on the narrowed part m of the loop-taker M sufficiently to admit of the forward
shuttle point and thereafter, by the further deflection of I by the shuttle itself, of
the shuttle passing behind it, as it is shown doing in Figure 8. The shuttle
thread Q which would otherwise become loose as the shuttle proceeds towards the
left, is tightened by being drawn downwards by the thread hook S, this depression
of the shuttle-thread being continued until the thread Q is in such position that the
forward point of the shuttle J may pass over it as shown in Figure 8, from which
figure it is to be understood that the left-hand end or point of the shuttle is just
passing over the then approximately horizontal portion of the shuttle thread Qin
front of the then vertical part thereof and between said vertical part and the needle
thread both parts or sides of the loop of which, at this time, are at the front of the
shuttle. The lowering of the thread hook S at this part of the operation is effected
by the weighted upper parts of the cam S' acting through the medium of the
before mentioned link son said thread-hook.
When the shuttle J has completed its course towards the left, as shown in
Figure 9, it has passed completely over its own thread Q and behind the needle
thread loop and has thus formed a loop 9 around the needle thread loop i which is
still held down by the loop catcher M. The balancing lever R is at that moment
in its lowermost position because, by the passage of the shuttle J to the left-hand

page_text: The
side of the needle-thread around which the shuttle-thread passes, the shuttle thread
is in a state of tension and consequently draws the balancing-lever R down.
shuttle now commences its return movement towards the right of Figures 1 and 4
to 11 the tension on the shuttle-thread Q being consequently released so that the
balancing lever R is free to be pressed upwards by lever R'. When the balancing
lever R is, in this manner, raised it raises the shuttle thread Q to the position
shown in Figure 10, the loop q of which thread slips upwards on the needle-thread
loop which is still held down by the loop catcher M. The loop taker M has by
this time receded somewhat towards the left and its widened portion m' Figure 13
has been brought into the loop i of the needle thread I which loop is thereby held
open or widened sufficiently for the right-hand point of the shuttle J and thereafter
the shuttle itself to pass through it as it is shown doing in Figure 10. When the
shuttle J has completely passed through the needle-thread loop i and completed or
nearly completed its return stroke (towards the right) the loop catcher M by
moving towards the left releases the needle thread loop i and resumes its initial or
furthermost left-hand position. During the latter part of the shuttle's return stroke
(towards the right) the shuttle thread is again placed in a state of tension so that
its loop q is tightened on or about the needle thread loop i. The needle F1 at this
time also approaches the limit of its upward movement and the take-up H draws
the loop tight on the shuttle thread so as to complete the knot as shown in
Figure 11.
The feeding or delivering device is adjusted at will either by varying the position
of the bolt D in the arm E as before described or by substituting for the ratchet
wheel E' another ratchet wheel of larger or smaller diameter and correspondingly
shifting the pawl E' so that the length of the stitches or the distance between the
knots may be increased or decreased as desired. As soon as the last stitch has been
made in one book, a fresh book or folded sheet is fed up to the place of its
predecessor under the needle F¹, and both books are then, for the time being,
connected by the threads I and Q, and are subsequently cut asunder by hand or
other suitable means.
It is preferred to pass the "top" or needle thread I, before it reaches the
needle F¹, between two washers or discs U one or both spring-controlled so that the
thread will be gripped between them to the desired extent which may be adjustable
by a nut U¹. An arm G carried on the presser-foot bar G forces the discs U
apart and releases the thread I, when, by the raising of the bar G' the end of
arm G is inserted between the discs U. This raising of bar G' is effected by its
cam C and takes place immediately after the withdrawal by means of the cam C'
and needle bar F of the needle F₁, from X. At this stage of the operation the
bar D is drawn upwards by its cam C so that through the rollers 0 0¹ and P and
their operative mechanism the pamphlet X is moved through the machine to the
position necessary for receiving the next stitch, this movement forward of X being
rendered possible by the previous release of the needle-thread I by the separation
of the discs U, and also facilitated by the previous operation of the take-up H and
consequent slackening of the needle thread between the needle and source of thread-
supply. When X has arrived at this last named position, the rollers O O¹ P and
consequently X become once again stationary or inoperative owing to the pawl E¹
slipping over the teeth of E' during the descent of bar D. During this pause in the
movement of X the next knot is formed, the presser foot G being the first to
reach X owing to the descent of bar G³, at which operation G¹ is withdrawn from
between discs U and the thread I is thereby gripped again between U. Next, the
needle F descends through X and the knot is formed as before described after
which the needle re-ascends, the presser-foot G being pressed on X until the needle
is clear of it.
A pivotted gauge V, which may also act as an auxiliary presser-foot, may be
applied so that as each pamphlet is inserted in the machine by hand it may
be
moved up to it and in consequence will receive the first stitch in the same position
as its. predecessor did. This gauge V may be of approximately bell-crank-lever

page_text: form but with an angularly projecting arm adapted, when the gauge is in its lowered
or operative position, to rest on the front inclined face of the table A' as shown in
full lines in Figure 2. The gauge V may be raised as indicated in dot-and-dash
lines in Figure 2 by an arm E, Figures 1, 2 and 4, rigidly mounted on the
ratchet-carrying arm E and which arm E extends across the rearwardly extending
arm of the gauge and is depressed at each downward stroke of arm E. The
gauge V is lowered by a spring acting on its rearwardly extending arm at each
ascent of the arm E. The gauge is raised clear of the pamphlets at the time when
they are to be moved by the rollers O O¹ and P onwards through the machine and
it is lowered when the rollers are stationary and so that a new unstitched pamphlet
may, by being placed against it, be inserted in its proper position within the
machine.
U
The "under" or shuttle thread Q is placed in the shuttle J preferably in the
form of a cop or pirn and is retained therein by a spring-controlled or other lid or
cover and before passing out through the back of the shuttle passes around an
adjustable spring-controlled tension device contained therein.
The shuttle carrier L is provided with a prong 1 for preventing the threads from
passing to the outside of L when the shuttle J is being passed about or through the
loop i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a machine such as described constructing a knot by forming a needle-
thread-loop on one side of the shuttle-thread, passing the shuttle thread round the
needle-thread loop and over the shuttle-thread and finally passing the shuttle thread
through the needle-thread loop substantially as described.
2. In a machine such as described a shuttle having two points one at each end
and both in different planes substantially as described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
3. In a machine such as described the combination with a shuttle having a point
at each end both in different planes of a loop catcher such as M having a narrowed
or deflected part for deflecting the needle thread loop in a lateral direction sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a machine such as described the combination with a positively driven
roller of a pulley revolving as part of it a driving band and a "gravity" roller such
as P driven by the band and supported in open bearings such as A* substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In a machine such as described the combination with the work-table and a
swinging pawl-carrying arm E of a pivotted gauge or auxiliary presser-foot such
as V raised through the medium of said arm and lowered by means of a spring
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. In a machine such as described the combination with the work-table a gauge
or auxiliary presser-foot such as V the ordinary presser-foot G and the bar thereof
of an arm such as G' attached to the bar and a thread-nipping device such as UU¹
released by the arm substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
7. In a machine such as described the combination with the needle and shuttle
of a thread hook such as S substantially as described.
8. In a machine such as described the combination with a thread hook such as S
and loop-catcher such as M of a swinging cam such as S₁ and anti-friction roller
rod and link connecting the cam with the hook substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
9. In a machine such as described the combination with a thread hook such as S
of a cam for operating it having part movable in the form of a weighted arm sub-
stantially as described.
10. In a machine such as described the combination with the needle and shuttle

page_text: of a balancing lever such as R substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
11. In a machine such as described the combination with the needle shuttle and
a balancing lever such as R of a spring-controlled or counterweighted lever such
as R' substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
12. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
machine for stitching pamphlets patterns and the like substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Ninth day of March 1893.
ADULPH
KIEKMANN.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.