Improvements in and relating to Gas or Petroleum and like Motors.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Gas or Petroleum and like Motors.
We, NICOLAS ROSER, Engineer, of 38 Rue de la Briche, and JULES MAZURIER,
Machinist, of 30 Rue de la Republic, both of St. Denis (Seine), in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a novel gas or petroleum motor consisting of an
explosion motor coupled with another similar motor of the hot air type. This
latter motor is heated by the burned gas coming from the explosion motor and
in its cylinder, towards the end of the escape of the gases, the compression of a
portion of these gases which are still hot and are escaping into the outer air, is
effected.
The object of this combination is to obtain the maximum result from the
employment of the burned gas of the explosion motor.
The improved motor comprises two explosion cylinders in which take place
successively the introduction by suction of the explosion mixture, the compression,
the action and the discharge of the burned gases. These latter still have a high
temperature which is utilised as a source of heat for heating a certain amount of
gas which is already hot and has been previously compressed within the hot air
cylinder. This compression increases the action of the heat of the burned gases
and causes it to produce a better result.
In addition to this, as a result of such compression of the gases within the
expansion cylinder, the burned gases coming from the explosion cylinders, which
are at a pressure equal to the pressure just referred to, are not liable to suddenly
expand upon reaching this hot air cylinder which would occasion a loss of
effective work.
The connecting rods are attached to the pistons by means of a ball and socket
joint which, as it permits of obtaining a larger bearing surface than by employing
other means of attachment, wears much more slowly and suppresses play and
noise in working; the ball is maintained in place by means of a hemispherical
mut.
The explosion cylinders are provided with valves for the admission of the
explosive gases, and with valves for the escape of the burned gases from the first
motor to the second motor.
The air cylinder is provided with a valve for the admission of the burned gases
and with a valve for the discharge of the gases to the outer air. All these valves
are mechanically actuated by means of levers and cams acting upon rollers in
order that the motion may be very easy.
The discharge in the air cylinder valve which serves as a retaining valve when
compression of the gases by the third piston takes place, and the valves which
allows the passage of the burned gases from the explosion cylinders to the air
cylinder are actuated together in such a manner that the compressed gases in
the air cylinder cannot escape when the hot gases coming from the explosion
evlinders arrive.

page_text: The shaft has three cranks fixed at right angles; this shaft receives the con-
necting rods and is outside the axes of the cylinders, owing to which the piston
are stationary for a short time at the end of their stroke.
At this moment the burned gases coming from the petroleum or gas motor heat
the body of air-compressed within the hot air motor; the piston is impelled by
the force produced, the gases expand in acting upon the arms of longest leverage
which the shaft affords; this arrangement is such that the shaft receives effectively
the force produced by the hot air motor. On the other hand, as a consequence
of the momentary resting of the pistons of the gas cylinders the return stroke
resistances which these pistons might encounter are suppressed. The shaft is pro-
vided with balance weights to preserve its equilibrium.
The volume of gas within the air motor cylinder is compressed on reaching
the dead point to a greater degree than will be the case when it receives the
heat of the burned gases; the object of this is that the maximum force produced
by the hot air motor may be exerted not at the dead point but beyond it, that is
to say under much more advantageous conditions.
The two explosion cylinders may be surrounded by the water in circulation
and the cylinder of the hot air motor is surrounded by air which forms an
insulating medium.
A governor regulates the admission by means of a throttle valve; it receives
its movement through a connecting rod.
The pipe which serves for the passage of the burned gases, when proceeding
to the heating of the volume of air which has been previously compressed, is
located within the motor and is extremely short in order that the gases in their
passage may not experience any loss of heat.
The cams act exactly at the desired moment, motion being imparted to them
from the main shaft by means of the four pinions; the pinion on the cam shaft
is twice the size of the pinion on the intermediate shaft owing to which the cam
shaft has a speed of rotation one half that of the main shaft.
The mixture of fresh air, of hot air and of petroleum takes place in a suitable
carburettor; the explosive mixture thus obtained is drawn in by the piston of
the first cylinder during its first stroke, then it is compressed during the second,
at this moment the ignition is effected in the usual manner either by means of
an incandescent tube or by means of an electric current; at the third stroke
the piston is impelled, finally in the fourth stroke the burned gases are placed
in communication with a portion of these latter gases which have been previously
compressed within the third cylinder.
The piston of the second cylinder performs the same cycle but its effects are
inverse, that is to say, when one is drawing in the mixture the other is per-
forming work.
The burned gases which escape from the cylinders are extremely hot
whereby the pressure of the compressed gases in the third cylinder is considerably
increased, so much the more as the compression has been greater. This heat
communicates itself to the whole volume of the compressed gases, adding itself
to the heat already possessed by the metallic mass composing the apparatus.
The piston of the air cylinder acts during its first stroke under the impulsion
of the force of the air compressed and heated by the burned gases as above
described; during its second stroke it discharges into the outer air, during a part
of this stroke, a portion of these latter gases. At this moment the discharge valve
closes and, during the last part of the stroke, the piston compresses the remaining
gases in order that they may in their turn be ready to receive and utilise the
heat of the burned gases coming from the explosion cylinders.
We may likewise inject a certain quantity of water into the passage or into
the air cylinder. This water would be injected by two pumps provided for the
explosion cylinders; these pumps would take the water from the jacket sur-
rounding the distributing gear and the cylinders. This water which has already
a certain degree of heat would then pass into a coil heated by the two igniting

page_text: lamps and afterwards into a vaporiser; it would then receive the heat of the
burned gases of the petroleum or gas motor and would be vaporised so as to act
upon the piston in the air cylinder.
Or we might likewise compress within the air cylinder fresh air drawn in
through an air valve instead of the heated gases.
Dated this 17th day of December 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in and relating to Gas or Petroleum and like Motors.
We, NICOLAS ROSER, Engineer, of 38 de la Briche, and JULES MAZURIER,
Machinist, of 30 Rue de la Republic, both of St. Denis (Seine), in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner.
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a novel balanced gas or petroleum motor consisting of an
explosion motor coupled with another similar motor of the hot air type. This
latter motor is heated by the burned gases coming from the explosion motor and
in its cylinder, towards the end of the escape of the gases, the compression of a
portion of these gases which are still hot and are escaping into the outer air, is
effected.
The object of this combination is, to obtain the maximum result from the
employment of the burned gases of the explosion motor.
Our novel motor is represented in the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the, improved motor.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2, 21-21 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is, upon the left hand side a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2 and
upon the right hand side a plan view, the said figure only showing half the
cylinder.
Figure 4 is a vertical section taken upon the line 4-4 of Figure 2 and
Figures 5 and 6 show diagrammatical views hereinafter referred to.
A and A' are two cylinders in which take place successively the introduction
by suction of the explosive mixture, the compression, the action and the discharge
of the burned gases. These gases still have a high temperature which is utilised
as a source of heat for heating a certain amount of gas which is already hot and
has been previously compressed within the hot air cylinder C. This compression
increases the action of the heat of the burned gases and causes it to produce a
better result.
In addition to this,, as a result of such compression of the gases within the
expansion cylinder, the burned gases coming from the explosion cylinders, which
are at a pressure equal to the pressure just referred to, are not liable to suddenly
expand upon reaching this hot air cylinder C which would occasion a loss of
effective work."
B B are the pistons whose connecting rods D are attached to the said pistons
by means of a ball and socket joint a which, as it permits of obtaining a larger
bearing surface than by employing other means of attachment, wears much more
slowly and suppresses play and noise in working; the ball is maintained in place
by means of a hemispherical nut b.

page_text: The cylinders A and A¹ are provided with valves c c¹ for the admission of the
explosive gases, and with valves d d¹ for the escape of the burned gases from the
first motor to the second motor C through the passages m m¹.
The air cylinder C is provided with two valves k k for the admission of the
burned gases and with a valve e for the discharge of the gases to the outer air.
All these valves are mechanically actuated (see Figure 2) by means of levers f
and cams g acting upon rollers h in order that the motion may be very easy.
The valve e which serves as a retaining valve when compression of the gases
by the third piston K takes place, and the valves d or d which allows the passage
of the burned gases from the cylinders A and A' to the air cylinder C, are actuated
together in such a manner that the compressed gases in the cylinder C cannot
escape when the hot gases coming from the explosion cylinders arrive.
The shaft O has three cranks fixed at 180° degrees, the cranks corresponding
to the two cylinders A and A' being in line one with the other. The result of
this arrangement is that the masses in motion are completely balanced, the weight
of the large piston K being equal to the sum of the weights of the two
pistons B B¹.
The volume of gas within the cylinder C is compressed on reaching
the dead point to a greater degree than will be the case when it receives the
heat of the burned gases; the object of this is that the maximum force produced
by the hot air motor may be exerted not at the dead point but beyond it, that is
to say under much more advantageous conditions.
The two explosion cylinders A A' are provided with external cooling wings
or parts.
The cams 9 act exactly at the desired moment, motion being imparted to them
from the shaft O by means of a pinion and a wheel n, the pinion is twice the
size of the pinion n owing to which the cam shaft y has a speed of rotation one
half that of the shaft O.
The mixture of fresh air, of hot air and of petroleum takes place in a suitable
carburettor; the explosive mixture thus obtained is drawn in by the piston of
the cylinder A during its first stroke, then it is compressed during the second,
at this moment the ignition is effected in the usual manner either by means of
an incandescent tube or by means of an electric current; at the third stroke the
piston is impelled, finally in the fourth stroke the burned gases are placed in
communication with a portion of these latter gases which have been previously
compressed within the third cylinder.
The pistons of the cylinder A performs the same cycle but its effects are
inverse, that is to say, when one is drawing in the mixture the other is per-
forming work.
The burned gases which escape from the cylinders A and A¹ are extremely hot
whereby the pressure of the compressed gases in the third cylinder is considerably
increased, so much the more as the compression has been greater. This heat
communicates itself to the whole volume of the compressed. gases, adding itself
to the heat already possessed by the metallic mass composing the apparatus.
The piston K acts during its first stroke under the impulsion of the force of the
air compressed and heated by the burned gases as above described; during its
second stroke it discharges into the outer air, during a part of this stroke, a
portion of these latter gases. At this moment the discharge valve closes and,
during the last part of the stroke, the piston compresses the remaining gases in
order that they may in their turn be ready to receive and utilise the heat of the
burned gases coming from the explosion cylinders.
As will be seen, this motor is very compact; the whole of the working parts
rotate in a box Z. The motor may be arranged either vertically or horizontally
as desired.
A double motor may be formed by arranging on each side of the box Z a group
of three cylinders A A' C, as shewn in diagrammatic form in Figures 5 and 6.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. Our novel motor composed of a petroleum or gas motor coupled with a motor
of the hot air type this latter being fed by the heat possessed by the burned gases
coming from the petroleum motor, which heat is transmitted to the still hot
gases escaping into the open air a portion of such gases being compressed by the
piston towards the termination of the discharge stroke, these compressed gases
being in a position to utilise under the best conditions the heat of the burned
gases and also the heat of the metal used in the construction of the apparatus.
Dated this 25th day of August 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.