A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND SETTING OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
TURNER, of Birmingham, Engineer, and JOSEPH HARDWICK, of the same place,
Builder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the thirteenth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said John
Turner and Joseph Hardwick, our exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege, and authority, that we, the said John Turner
and Joseph Hardwick, our exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said John Turner and Joseph Hardwick, our exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND SETTING OF STEAM BOILERS;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said John Turner
and Joseph Hardwick, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instru-
ment in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of us, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Turner and Joseph Hardwick, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :-
Figure 1 represents a vertical transverse section of a boiler constructed and
set according to our Invention; Figure 2 represents a vertical longitudinal
section taken through the line a, Figure 1; and Figure 3 represents a
horizontal longitudinal section of the same, taken through the line y, Figure 2.
a, a, a, a, is the boiler, in the interior of which is the tubular chamber b,
which said chamber is contracted at the part marked c in the Drawing; d, e,
are flues passing through the anterior portion of the boiler, the flue d passing
over, and the flue e passing under the fire-place f; the flues d, e, are curved as
shewn in Figure 1; and the upper side of the flue e is concave, as shewn in
Figure 2. g. g, are the fire bars; and h, the ash pit; i is a bridge of brick-
work, built in the interior of the chamber b. Our method of setting our
improved boiler is as follows:-A flue is constructed along the sides and end
of the boiler, as shewn in the Drawing; the flue & in the boiler opens into the
upper part of the side flues j, k, and the flue e in the boiler opens into the
lower part of the said side flues. The chamber b communicates with the end
flue 1, and the side flue / communicates with the stack or chimney.
The course of the fire and heated air is indicated by the arrows in the
several Figures; that is to say, the flame and heated air proceed from the fire-
place f, over the bridge i, from thence along the chamber 6, into the end flue
and side flue j; the current next crosses the boiler through the flues & and e
in the said boiler, and passing along the side fluc k, reaches the stack or
chimney. The boiler rests on the masonry m; the object of the constraction c
in the chamber b is for the purpose of giving sufficient room for the entrance
of a man, for the purpose of cleaning out the said boiler, the said contraction
being placed immediately under the man-hole n. The flues d, e, are curved in the
manner shewn in Figure 1, in order that less ashes may be deposited there than
would be the case were the said flues horizontal, as we find by experience that
a curvature such as is represented, combined with the draught of the furnace,
prevents any prejudicial accumulation of dust; by constructing flues both at
the upper and lower part of the boiler, the current of heated air is more
uniformly distributed in the sides of the boiler during its passage along
the side flues j, k, than would be the case were there only a single flue either
at the top or bottom of the boiler; for in the case of a single flue. the current

page_text: of heated air converges towards or diverges from the entrance to the said flue,
and does not pass uniformly over the whole surface of the side of the boiler.
By dividing the current and causing it to pass in part through the upper flue d,
and in part through the lower flue e, a very uniform distribution of the heat
over the sides of the boiler is obtained; by curving the upper surface of the
flue e, as represented in Figure 2, the deposition of sediment on the said
surface is avoided. After the boiler has been set on the masonry m, m, the
space o is built up with a thin wall, which admits of being readily removed,
for the purpose of giving access to the flue ?, when the said Hue 1, and the
flues j, k, require cleaning out.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do
not confine ourself to the precise method of carrying our Invention into effect
herein described and represented in the accompanying Drawing, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of our said Invention; but
we claim,―
The construction of steam boilers in which the current of heated air is made
to cross the anterior portion of the boiler through one or more flues, and also
the contraction of the fire-place immediately under the man-hole, so as to give
greater room for the entrance of a man for the purpose of cleaning the said
boiler. We also claim the particular method of setting steam boilers, herein
described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, the said Joseph Hardwick has hereunto set his hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of October, in the year of our Lord One