Im- PROVEMENTS IN CARBURETTORS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Paulson Spice, of 21, Parliament Street,
in the City of Westminster, and Frederick William Hartley, of 15,
Stockwell Green, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN CARBURETTORS."
Sealed the 20th January 1874, and dated the 1st August 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left-by the said Robert Paulson Spice
and Frederick William Hartley at the Office of the Commissioners
of-Patents, with their Petition, on the 1st August 1878.
We, ROBERT PAULSON SPICE, of 21, Parliament Street, in the City of
Westminster, and FREDERICK WILLIAM HARTLEY, of 15, Stockwell Green,
in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CARBURETTORS," to be as follows :—
This Invention has reference to improvements in the construction of
vessels or apparatus technically called carburettors, which vessels or
apparatus are employed for the purpose of impregnating or saturating
air or any gas with the vapour of any suitable volatile liquid whose

page_text: vapour is inflammable, and also in the arrangements for the better
application of such vessels or apparatus to the purposes of carburetting
air or gas under certain conditions.
The Invention relates to that kind of carburettor in which an external
vessel or tank capable of containing the liquid to be vaporized, and of an 5
internal floated vessel capable of being buoyed up by the liquid and free
to rise and fall with it is employed, and these improvements consist,
first, in so constructing the floating vessel that the gas or air admitted
to the carburettor shall be compelled always to pass and bubble through
a column of the liquid, and also through fine openings in the cir- 1
cumference or sides of the vessel above the float.
In order to secure more perfect contact between the air, or gas and
liquid, it is proposed to form the floated vessel into two or more
chambers, so that the gas or air may pass and bubble more than once
through the liquid before escaping from the carburettor. In this 1
arrangement the depth of liquid through which the air or gas is to pass
or bubble may be varied and be the greatest in the chamber which the
air or gas first enters.
The chambers may be formed in a variety of ways, and may be equal
or unequal in area as circumstances may render expedient, but it is 2
essential that the holes or openings in the floated vessel, through which
the gas or air escapes into the liquid, be larger in area than the area of
the pipes or channels by which the gas or air is conveyed into or
delivered from the carburettor, and the object to be kept in view with
any construction is the production of a certain bubbling action of the air 2
or gas through a requisite depth of liquid at all times.
The improvements as to arrangements of apparatus are as follows:-
It is proposed to set two, three, or more carburettors at or about the
same level, or one above the other, supporting them in a stout frame of
wood or of iron, or by any other suitable means.
Further, the inlet and outlet of each carburettor is to be provided with
a valve, and one leading main is to be connected with all the inlet valves
of the carburettors, and another with all the outlet valves, so that one,
two, three, or more carburrettors may be put into action at one time, or
shut off in detail as required.
3
8

page_text: A constant or intermittent automatic supply of the volatile liquid into
the carburettor or carburettors may be effected by the agency of a bird
fountain, valve, or any known and suitable method. .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Paulson Spice and Frederick William
Hartley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 81st January 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
PAULSON SPICE, of 21, Parliment Street, in the City of Westminster, and
FREDERICK WILLIAM HARTLEY, of 15, Stockwell Green, in the County
of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Robert Paulson Spice and Frederick William
Hartley, Her special licence that we, the said Robert Paulson Spice
and Frederick William Hartley, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert Paulson Spice and
Frederick William Hartley, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARBURETTORS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Robert Paulson Spice
and Frederick William Hartley, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures
marked thereon, that is to say :-
-
This Invention has reference to improvements in the construction of
vessels or apparatus technically called carburettors, which vessels or
apparatus are employed for the purpose of impregnating or saturating
air or any gas with the vapour of any suitable volatile liquid, the vapour
of which is inflammable, and also in the arrangements for the better
application of such vessels or apparatus to the purposes of carburetting 1
air or gas under certain conditions.
The Invention relates to that kind of carburettor in which an external
vessel or tank capable of containing the liquid to be vapourized, and of
an internal vessel formed with or without a float, and capable of being
buoyed up by the liquid or by the pressure of the gas is employed, the 1
said internal vessel being free to rise and fall with the level of the liquid.
The improvements consist in so constructing the internal vessel that
the gas or air admitted to the carburettor shall be compelled always to
pass and bubble through a column of the liquid, and also through
apertures or fine openings in the circumference, bottom; or sides of the 2
internal vessel and above the float when a float is employed.
In order to secure more perfect contact between the air, or gas and
liquid, it is proposed, when necessary, to form the internal vessel into
two or more chambers, so that the gas or air may pass and bubble more
than once through the liquid before escaping from the carburettor. In 2
this arrangement the depth of liquid through which the air or gas is to
pass or bubble may be varied and be the greatest in the chamber which
the air or gas first enters.
The chambers may be formed in a variety of ways (some of which are
shewn in the Drawings annexed hereto), and may be equal or unequal 3
in area, as circumstances may render expedient, but it is essential that
the holes or openings in the internal vessel, through which the gas or air
escapes into the liquid, be larger in area in the aggregate than the area
of the pipes or channels by which the gas or air is conveyed into or
delivered from the carburettor, and the object to be kept in view in any 8
form of construction is the production of a certain bubbling action of the
air or gas through a requisite depth of liquid at all times.

page_text: The improvements. as to the arrangements of the apparatus is as
follows:-It is proposed to set two, three, or more carburettors at: or
about the same level, or one above the other, and support them in or on
a stout, frame of wood or of iron, or by any other suitable means.
Further, the inlet and outlet of each carburettor is to be provided with
a valve, and one leading main is to be connected with all the inlet valves
of the carburettors, and another main with all the outlet. valves, so that
one, two, or three, or more carburettors may be put into action at one
time, or shut off in detail as required.
•
A constant or intermittent automatic supply of the volatile liquid into
the carburettor.or carburettors may be effected by the agency, of a bird
fountain,,valve, or any known and suitable method..
*. In order that the foregoing may be more fully understood Drawings
are attached hereto, of which the following is a description:-
Fig. 1 represents in sectional elevation one form of carburettor, in
which A is the tank and B the internal vessel constructed without a
float, because it is found in practice that when the internal vessel is
made of large area the float may be dispensed with, leaving the vessel to
be actuated by the force or pressure of the gas entering and passing
through the instrument. O is the inlet for the gas or air, and D the
outlet;¨E; E, are two of four or more stand pipes, which conduct the gas
from the main inlet into the body of the internal vessel; F shows a
perforated plate or disc, and G, the openings in the inner sides of the
vessel B, while H represents the openings in the outer side of the same
vessel. The arrows indicate the direction in which the air or gas
passes.
Fig. 2 represents a carburettor in which the internal vessel is wholly
supported.by.a.float I, I, to which is attached a perforated platę J, J.
L
Fig. 3 is a carburettor, somewhat similar in construction to Fig. 1,
but having one stand pipe K leading from the inlet into the internal
vessel, which is divided into two chambers L and M by a partition N.
To the lower part of these chambers perforated plates O and P are
attached in the position shown.
Fig. 4 exhibits a carburettor in which the internal vessel is somewhat
reduced in size, and is therefore constructed with a float I, I, a per-
forated plate Q, Q, being fixed thereto, as shown in the Drawing.

page_text: In all the forms of construction depicted the internal vessel is
supposed to be guided by guides fastened to the sides of the tank, and
guide wheels attached to the internal vessel. These guides and wheels
are however omitted in the Drawings since they could be shown only in
dotted lines which might lead to confusion.
The apparatus in general is proposed to be made of sheet or plate iron,
tinned or otherwise, the thickness of which in the Drawings is shown in
greatly exaggerated proportion. In order to meet certain conditions it
may however be found desirable to make the tank of cast iron.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of this:
Invention, and the manner in which it may used or carried into
effect, we would observe in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements which we have described
or referred to, as variations may be made therefrom without deviating
from the principles or main features of this Invention, but what we :
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
the construction and general arrangement of apparatus for the purpose
of carburetting gas or air, substantially as herein described and shewn
.on the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Hartley, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
BASTO