Improvements in Oasks or Barrels and in Machinery for Making the same.
Year: 1885

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 11th day of March 1889, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oasks or Barrels and in Machinery for Making
the same.
FREDERICK ANDREW of 42 Leyland Road Lee in the County of Kent Accountant
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR MAKING CASKS OR BARRELS to be as follows:-
My invention relates to machines for forming cylindrical Casks or Barrels
capable of holding liquids and to this end has for its principal object the
construction of a machine that will allow of the connected staves, as described
in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated 21st February 1884,
being formed into the barrel cylinder around the heads, which in this manner can
To accomplish
be held in grooves as in the croze of the ordinary bouge barrel.
this I employ one or more pairs of jaws preferably worked in a slide by means of
à lever or screw. The inside of the jaws correspond, nearly, with the circumference
of the barrel to be formed and after the connected staves and heads have been
placed in position within the expanded jaws of the machine these are contracted
closing the staves around the heads which thus become bedded in the grooves in
the staves The ends of the boop strips or bands are next jointed when the barrel
is liberated from the machine. Although I have referred to a special manner of
connecting the staves, it is not absolutely necessary that the staves should be so
connected neither is it essential that the jaws should work in a slide as a similar
result may be obtained by using a pivot. By this invention a barrel capable of
bolding liquids may be made at a comparatively very small cost whilst the
machine is inexpensive to make. It is also equally serviceable for the manu-
facture of barrels the heads of which are to be fixed in the manner ordinarily
employed with cylindrical barrels used for dry goods.

page_text: Making the same and other Casks and Barrels.
I FREDERICK ANDREW of 42 Leyland Road, Lee, in the county of Kent,
Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to Improvements in the manufacture of cylindrical casks
or barrels suitable for holding liquids and machinery or apparatus therefor, the
object of the invention being to allow of the staves when connected, as described
in the specification of former Letters Patent granted to me dated the 21st February
1884 No. 3,701 being formed into the barrel cylinder around the heads which in
this manner can be held in grooves like the croze of the ordinary bulge or bouge
barrel.
For this purpose I employ one or more pairs of jaws working preferably in a
slide and operated by means of a lover or cerew, the inside of the jaws nearly
corresponding with the circumference of the barrel to be formed.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which figure 1 represents a central
vertical section of a machine for making casks and barrels constructed according
to my invention, a series of connected staves being shown placed in the jaws of
the machine as in the operation of forming a cask or barrel. Figure 2 represents
a front elevation and Figure 3 a plan of the said machine.
Similar letters of reference in all the figures represent similar parts.
a, and b, represent the jaws which are arranged in pairs; two pairs of such jaws
are shewn in the drawing but one or any other convenient number may be used.
The lower jaws a, are fixed by means of bolts c, to an upright frame d, while the
upper jaws b, work in slides or guides e, on the frame d; the jaws b, are operated
by means of a screw f, working in bearings f¹, on the frame d. The screw f
engages with a nut f³, on the back of the upper jaws b, and is operated by a
hand-wheel g, mounted on a horizontal shaft h, journalled in a bearing i on the
frame d; the said shaft h, carries a bevel wheel, which gears with a bevel-wheel k
on the upper end of the screw f. The upper jaws b, can be thus caused to approach
or recede from the lower jaws a, according to the direction in which the hand-
wheel 9, is turned. The inside of each pair of jaws nearly corresponds with the
circumference of the barrel to be formed, so that when the upper jaws b, are moved
down towards the lower jaws a, to form the barrel there will be a slight clearance
between the ends of the said jaws so as to allow the barrel to be tightly compressed
between the jaws as clearly shown in full lines in figure 1. The upper jaws b, are
also provided at the inside of their upper parts with flat portions 6¹, for the
purpose hereinafter described.
The operation of my improved machine is as follows:
The jaws being in their closed position as shown in the drawing, the hand
wheel is first moved so as to cause the upper jaws b, to recede from the lower

page_text: jaws a, into the position shewn in dotted lines in figure 1; a series of staves l
(sufficient to form a cask or barrel cylinder and connected in the manner described in
the specification of my said former Letters Patent or otherwise) are then placed within
the said jaws as shown in dotted lines in figure 1 and the heads of the barrels are
placed within the usual grooves or crozes at each end of the connected staves Z.-
The hand wheel 9, is then turned in the opposite direction to that hereinbefore
referred to so as to cause the upper jaws b, to move down towards the lower
jaws a, thereby causing the connected staves l, to close round the heads which thus
become bedded in the grooves, the flat portions b', of the upper jaws b, at the same
time tending to depress or flatten the end staves l', of the series of staves 1, so as
to cause them to exert extra pressure sideways and thereby form a thoroughly
tight joint.
The ends of the hoop strips m, to which the staves are fastened are then joined
by nails, screws or other fastenings and the barrel is ready to be taken from the
machine to allow of which the upper jaws b, are raised in the manner herein before
described.
A fresh series of connected staves to form another barrel is then placed in the
machine and so on.
Although I have referred to a special manner of connecting the staves it may
not be absolutely necessary that the staves should be so connected -The lower jaws
instead of being fixed as herein before described can be arranged to work in guides
similarly to the upper jaws or instead of the jaws working in a slide the required
effect can be produced by pivoting the said jaws.
By this invention a barrel capable of holding liquids can be made at a
comparatively small cost and the machine is inexpensive to make. The machine
is also equally serviceable for the manufacture of barrels, the heads of which are
to be fixed in the manner usual in making cylindrical barrels used for dry goods.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a machine for making casks or barrels the use of a pair or pairs of jaws
which are caused to approach or recede one from the other by onitable means such
as these herein described substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a machine for making casks or barrels the combination with a pair or
pairs of jaws such as a and b, of a nut and screw adapted when operated by
suitable mechanism such as that herein described to raise and lower the upper
jaw b. substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and represented
in the accompanying drawing.
3. The improved machine for making casks or barrels hereinbefore described
and represented in the accompanying drawing.
4. A cylindrical barrel having its heads secured in grooves or crozes in a series
of connected strips or staves substantially as hereinbefore described and represented
in the drawing. The improved construction of cylindrical barrels, as and for the purpose
herein descrived.
Teen Leserved.
Dated the 19th day of June 1800.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.