IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Scott Collinge and Edward Collinge both of
Oldham in the County of Lancaster for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING Partly a communication from abroad by Robert
Collinge at present residing at New Orleans in the United States of
America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Scott Collinge and
Edward Collinge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
1st February 1882.
RICHARD SCOTT COLLINGE and EDWARD COLLINGE both of Oldham in the
County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" (Partly a
communication from abroad by Robert Collinge at present residing at New Orleans
in the United States of America.)
This Invention relates to that part of a loom known as the tappet or shedding
motion which imparts a positive up and down motion to each heald to forin the
shed required at cach pick; and the object of the Invention is to construct a more
simple apparatus than hitherto employed, which can be readily adapted to alter
the position of the healds any required number of times in order to weave any
desired number of picks to the round.
For this purpose a barrel is arranged at one side of the loom to revolve in a
suitable framing being driven by means of a pinion on the crank shaft of the loom
in gear with a toothed wheel on the barrel shaft so as to move one face of the
barrel for every pick of the loom. On this barrel works an endless chain of lags
provided with projections or pegs somewhat similar to those of a "dobby.”
These lags fit into a space in every side of the barrel so that as the latter
revolves it engages the lags one at a time, the chain being held in place by passing
over a freely revolving barrel mounted above.
We would here remark that other pattern barrels and chains may be employed
in our apparatus with equally satisfactory results.
We arrange a series of curved tappet levers to rock on an axis parallel to that of
the first mentioned barrel, in positions corresponding to those of the pegs or pro-
jections on the lags. Each of these levers is connected by a wire or other suitable
means to one arm of a double catch lever pivotted at the centre and carried at one
end of a long tappet treadle lever the other end of which is connected in the usual
manner to one of the healds of the loom.
The other arm of this double catch lever is connected by a spring to its treadle
lever which is provided at either side near this end with a projection (hereinafter
described).

page_text: One end of the double catch lever is held by the spring so as to catch against the
under edge of a horizontal bar or knife stretching across the frame and constantly
moved up and down by any convenient means; but when a projection on one of
the lags comes into contact with its tappet lever it releases this end of the catch
lever from the bar or knife and pulls the other end or catch into position to be
actuated by a second bar or knife which moves in the reverse direction to the
first.
Thus it will be seen that each double catch lever is moved at every pick of the
loom, either up or down carrying with it the end of its treadle lever and thus
actuating the liealds.
The length of the above named projections on the treadle levers is such that as
one edge of each of the knives rises or falls close against one of these projections,
.there is just sufficient room for the other edge to be caught by one end of one of
the catch levers and the knife or bar is thus held almost in a positive grip, which
ensures very steady and even working in the apparatus.
In a modification of our Invention we dispense with the curved tappet lovers
and instead of the wire or the connection between them and their double catch
levers we employ a series of long light levers pivotted at one end to the said
double catch levers and held in an almost horizontal position at the other end by a
series of weighted levers arranged across the apparatus. These weighted levers
hold their respective horizontal levers so that the projections (or bowls) on the
pattern chain come into contact with them as the pattern barrel revolves and, over-
coming the action of the weighted levers cause these light horizontal levers to be
depressed. On the underside of each of these horizontal levers is a projection or
catch which, when the lever is depressed, is caught by a knife or bar (which is
constantly working to and fro) and is pulled along thereby, and thus the end of its
double catch lever is pulled over to be acted upon by the first mentioned bar or
knife.
The bar or knife which actuates the horizontal levers is carried at each end by
an open slotted lever in the slot of which works a cam or tappet on a shaft driven
by suitable gearing from the crank shaft of the loom. A suitable stop or check
⚫prevents the weighted levers from lifting their horizontal levers too high.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard Scott Collinge and Edward Collinge in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 31st July 1882.
RICHARD SCOTT COLLINGE and EDWARD COLLINGE both of Oldham in the
County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING (Partly a com-
munication from abroad by Robert Collinge at present residing at New Orleans in
the United States of America)
This Invention relates to the construction of that part of a loom known as the
"tappet" or "shedding motion" which imparts a positive up-and-down movement
3

page_text: to each heald, to form the shed of the warp threads required for each pick of the
weft; and the object of the Invention is to construct a more simple apparatus
than hitherto employed, which can be readily adapted to alter the position of the
healds any required number of picks to the round and to pick backwards as well
as forwards.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention we will now proceed to
describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect and in order that the same may be clearly understood
we have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof and have
marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in
the following explanation thereof.
Fig. 1 represents in elevation part of the end frame of a loom with one
moditication of our Invention shown as applied thereto.
On a frame a, a fixed to one side of the loom we mount a barrel (consisting of
a shaft b,b having a stud wheel c, c at each end, so as to be capable of revolving
in suitable bearings being driven by means of a pinion d, d on the crank shaft e, e
in gear with a toothed wheel f, f on the barrel shaft b, b so as to move one faco of
the barrel for every pick of the loom. On this barrel works an endless chain g, g
consisting of rods or lags provided with bowls pegs or other projections somewhat
similar to those of a dobby" the said chain being held in place by passing over
a freely revolving barrel h, h mounted above.
"
We would here remark that other pattern barrels and chains may be employed
in our apparatus with equally satisfactory results.
Beneath the lower barrel wo arrange a series of curved tappet levers i, i to rock
on an axis parallel to that of the first mentioned barrel, in positions corresponding
to those of the pegs or projections on the lags. Each of these levers is connected
by a wire j, j or other suitable means to one arm k of a double catch lever pivotted
at the centro and carried at one end of a long tappet treadle lover, the other
end of which is connected in the usual manner to one of the healds of the loom.
The other arın k¹ of this double catch lever is connected by a spring m m to its
treadle lever, which is provided at either side near this end with a projection
n, n (hereinafter described). One end k¹ of the double catch lever is held by the
spring so as to catch against the under edge of a horizontal bar or knife o, o
stretching across the frame and constantly moved up and down by the means
hereinafter described or by any other convenient means; but when a bowl or
projection on one of the lags comes into contact with its tappet lever i, i it releases
this end of the catch lever from the bar or knife o, o and pulls the other end or
catch into position to be actuated by a second bar or knife p, p which moves in
the reverse direction to the first.
The up and down motion of the knives o and p is effected as follows (see Fig. 3).
Each knife is carried by an arm 8, 8 at each end fixed on a shaft which is connected
by levers and links t, to a crank pin u fixed in the spur pinion d, d before
referred to. As this pinion revolves it causes the knives o and p to alternately
approach to and recede from each other.
Thus it will be seen that each double catch lever k, k' is moved at every pick of
the loom, either up or down carrying with it the end of its treadle lever i, land
thus actuating the healds.
The length of the above named projections n, n on the treadle levers 7, is such
that as one edge of each of the knives o, p rises or falls close against one of these
projections there is just sufficient room for the other edge to be caught by one
end of one of the catch levers and the knife or bar is thus held almost in a positive
grip which ensures very steady and even working in the apparatus.
In a modification of our Invention shown at Fig. 2 we dispense with the curved
tappet levers ii and instead of the wire or other connection between them and
their double catch levers k, k, we employ a series of long light bars q, q pivotted at
one end to the said double catch levers and held in an almost horizontal position
at the other end by a series of weighted levers r, r arranged across the apparatus.

page_text: These weighted levers r, r hold their respective horizontal levers so that the bowls
or projections on the pattern chain come into contact with them as the pattern
barrel revolves and overcoming the action of the weighted levers r, r cause these
light horizontal bars q, q to be depressed. On the underside of each of these hori-
zontal bars q, q is a projection or catch v, v, which, when the bar is depressed is
caught by a knife or bar w, w (which is constantly working to and fro) and is
pulled along thereby in the direction of the arrow and thus the end of .its double
catch lever k, k is pulled over to be acted upon by the first mentioned bar or
knife p, p. The knife or rail ww which actuates the horizontal bars q, q is carried
at each end by an open slotted lever w¹, w¹ in the slot of which works a cam or
tappet, on a shaft driven by suitable gearing hereinafter described from the
crankshaft of the loom. A stop or check r', prevents the weighted levers r, r from
lifting their horizontal bars q, q too high. The up and down motion of the knives o,
and P in this modification is effected by the means already described with reference
to Fig 3. of the annexed Drawings or by other convenient means.
The oscillation of the knife or rail to which acts on the horizontal bars q, q is
caused by the action of cams or tappets x, x working in the open slots of the
levers w, w to which the ends of the knife or rail w is attached: the cams being
keyed or otherwise fixed on a shaft driven by a spur pinion in gear with the
pattern barrel wheel ff.
The spur pinion (see detached views Fig. 4. is mounted loosely on its shaft and
is provided with a pin or projection working in a slot or notch 1. on a face plate 2
keyed or otherwise fixed on the shaft so that when it is required to reverse the
loom the rods q, q are not pulled back until the loom has arrived at the required
position.
3. 3. is a band or guard to keep the catch levers k, k in place at the centre and
4. 4. is a roller to prevent the upper catches from coming away from the knife o
when being raised up. 5, 5 being spiral springs to give a certain amount of
elasticity to the roller 4. 4.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect we wish it to be understood that we claim as our Invention
The general construction and arrangement of mechanism for actuating the healds
of a loom as herein before described and illustrated by the Drawings annexed and
especially we claim the direct combination with the treadle levers of double catch
levers which are thrown into or out of action with oscillating knives or bars by
means of curved tappet levers or by catch rods actuated by a pattern chain
substantially as described.
In witness whereof I the said Richard Scott Collinge (on behalf of myself
and the said Edward Collinge), have bereunto set my hand and seal this
Twenty eighth day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty two.