Year: 1888

page_text: 1, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows -
This invention relates to an improved process of covering articles of iron with
lead
The surface of the article to be covered with lead is carefully cleaned, in order to
remove any oxide, dirt and the like (preferably by using steel brushes), roughened by
means of a sand-jet blower or the like, washed over with soldering liquid,.and then
immersed in a hot lead bath. While the article is in the lead bath, the surface to be
covered with lead is treated with steel brushes, whereby an intimate connection between
the lead and iron is ensured.
The layer of lead produced in this manner on the surface of the article is, however,
too thin to offer any resistance to the acids, moreover it is not uniform in consequence
of the brushing, and must be covered, by a second operation, with a layer of lead
which shall be of the desired thickness. The layer applied to the article in this second
operation is welded or secured in a homogeneous manner upon the article previously
covered with lead.
For this purpose the article, in the case of plain surfaces, for example sheets or
plates of iron, is placed horizontally upon a suitable support, washed over with
soldering liquid and heated to about 400 degrees Centigrade. Molten lead is then
poured upon the article and spread uniformly over the entire horizontal surface. A
border of a definite height, which has been previously placed around the surface,
prevents the lead from passing over the edge of the latter and determines the thickness
of the lead. After this the whole is again heated to a temperature above the melting

page_text: point of the lead for a longer or shorter time according to the thickness of the article
to be covered with lead, it is again treated with steel brushes in order to obtain an
intimate connection of the leaded sheet or plate with the layer of lead to be applied
to it and is then allowed to cool, care being taken that during the cooling of the iron
sheet or plate, the lead above the latter shall be kept as long as possible at a tempera- 5
ture above the melting point by the addition of more liquid lead.
In the case of articles which have no plane surface, for example pipes, vessels or
boilers and the like, the aforesaid second operation is carried out by placing the pipe
vertically, providing a core of suitable material in its interior or a mould or casing
around the same and, after the surface has been treated with soldering liquid, heating
it to 400 degrees Centigrade and filling up the space between the wall and the core.
or casing with lead then heating it again to a temperature above the melting point of
the lead, and carefully cooling it, fresh liquid lead being added from time to time.
The surfaces of articles treated in this manner present quite a homogeneous cover
that is free from blisters and firmly adheres to the article.
Dated this 20th day of Inle 1888
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: An Improved Method or Process of Covering Articles of Iron
with Lead.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and. by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved process of covering articles of iron or steel
with lead.
In carrying the said invention into practice the surface of the article to be covered
with lead is carefully cleaned, in order to remove any oxide, dirt and the like,
(preferably by using steel brushes), roughened by means of a sand-jet blower or the
like, washed over with soldering liquid, and then immersed in a hot lead bath. While
the article is in the lead bath the surface to be covered with lead is treated with
steel brushes, whereby an intimate connection between the lead and iron is ensured.
The layer of lead produced in this manner on the surface of the article is however
too thin to offer any resistance to the acids, moreover it is not uniform in consequence
of the brushing, and must be covered by a second operation, with a layer of lead which
shall be of the desired thickness. The layer applied to the article in this second opera-
tion is welded or secured in a homogeneous manner upon the article previously covered
with lead.
For this purpose, the article in the case of plain surfaces, for example sheets
or plates of iron, is placed horizontally upon a suitable support, washed over
with soldering liquid, and heated to about 400 degrees Centigrade. Molten lead is
then poured upon the article and spreads uniformly over the entire horizontal surface.
A border of a definite height, which has been previously placed around the surface
prevents the lead from passing over the edge of the latter and determines the
thickness of the lead. After this the whole is again heated to a temperature above
the melting point of the lead for a longer or shorter time according to the thickness
of the article to be covered with lead, it is again treated with steel brushes in order
to obtain an intimate connection of the leaded sheet or plate with the layer of lead to
be applied to it, and is then allowed to cool care being taken that during the cooling
of the iron sheet or plate the lead above the latter shall be kept as long as possible
at a temperature above the melting point by the addition of more liquid lead.
In the case of articles which have no plane surface for example, pipes, vessels or
boilers and the like the aforesaid second operation is carried out by placing the pipe
vertically, providing a core of suitable material in its interior or a mould or casing
around the same and, after the surface has been treated with soldering liquid, heating
it to 400 degrees Centigrade and filling up the space between the wall and the core
or casing with lead; then heating it again to a temperature above the melting point
of the lead, and carefully cooling it, fresh liquid lead being added from time to
time

page_text: The surfaces of articles treated in this manner present quite a homogeneous cover
that is free from blisters and firmly adheres to the said article.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :—
The herein described process of covering iron or steel with a layer of homogeneous
lead, which consists in immersing the surface to be covered, which is cleaned and
preferably roughened, and after it has been treated with soldering liquid, in a lead
bath, and brushing it therein with steel brushes, washing the article again with
soldering liquid after it has been taken out, heating it to 400 degrees Centigrade in
order to apply molten lead the thickness of which is determined by a border previously
placed around or by a core inserted or a mould placed, around, the whole being again.
heated to above the melting point of the lead and then carefully.cooled.
D-11
A -1 190