An Improved Method of Printing upon Glass, Earthenware, or Porcelain, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 9th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 24th Feb., 1888
An Improved Method of Printing upon Glass, Earthenware, or
Porcelain, and Apparatus therefor.
.
We THOMAS WILLIAMS HOGG of 78 Park Road, Newcastle upon Tyne in the
county of the same city, Analytical Chemist, and PEARSON JACQUES JACKSON of
72, Park Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, advertising agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved method of Printing directly upon glass
earthenware or porcelain either in monochrome or colours.
And our invention consists in the application of type or design blocks formed of
india rubber, prepared gelatine or other elastic substance capable of adapting itself to
the surface of the article to be printed upon, and by means of which the impression is
made upon the glass, earthenware or porcelain.
For this purpose the blocks or type are inked over in the usual way 'by means of a
roller or pad coated with a compound consisting of the enamel or ceramic pigments
mixed with linseed oil, Canada balsam and turpentine or other suitable vehicle or
adherent mixture, and an impression is made upon the surface of the article to be
printed upon.
The printing is then fixed by heating the article to a suitable temperature in a
muffle.
In cases where we require the printed matter to appear of greater density we
print upon the article as already described and afterwards dust or sprinkle finely
ground pigments over the surface printed upon, the pigments then readily adhere to
the wet printed parts, the surplus pigment is then removed and the article fired in a
muffle in the usual way as herein-before described.

page_text: An improved method of Printing upon Glass, Earthenware, or
Porcelain, and Apparatus therefor.
We THOMAS WILLIAMS HOGG of No. 78 Park Road, Newcastle upon Tyne in the
county of the same city, Analytical Chemist, and PEARSON JACQUES JACKSON of
72 Park Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, Advertising Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Our invention relates to an improved method of printing directly upon glass,
earthenware or porcelain either in monochrome or colours.
And our invention consists in the application of type or design blocks formed of
indiarubber, prepared gelatine or other elastic substance capable of adapting itself to
the surface of the article to be printed upon and by means of which the impression is
made upon the glass earthenware or porcelain.
For this purpose the blocks or type are inked over in the usual way by means of a
roller or pad coated with a compound consisting of enamel or ceramic colours mixed
with linseed oil, Canada balsam and turpentine or other suitable vehicle or adherent
mixture, and an impression is made upon the surface to be printed upon. The
printing is then fired by heating the article to a suitable temperature in a muffle.
In cases where we require the printed matter to appear of greater density we print
upon the article as already described and afterwards dust or sprinkle finely ground
enamel pigments over the surface printed upon, the pigments then readily adhere to
the wet printed parts, the surplus pigment is then removed and the article fired in a
muffle in the usual way as hereinbefore described.
In carrying out our process as described above, the method of procedure will
depend upon whether the article to be printed upon is curved as in the case of bottles
or flat as in the case of plates, and whether the printed matter is required to appear
in a variety of colours or in one colour only.
In the case of flat plates we prefer to have our design blocks mounted upon any
suitably prepared surface and fixed upon a bench and after the indiarubber surface, of
which the block is formed, has been coated with the particular ink or adhesive
mixture required, the plate is placed carefully upon it and a gentle pressure applied
either by hand which is preferable in the case of small articles or by means of a suit-
able press in the case of large plates where pressure by hand may be inconvenient.
In order to print upon a bottle or other curved surface the inked block is fixed upon
a bench as in the last mentioned case, and the bottle or other curved surface rolled
over it with such pressure as may be required to bring all parts of the two surfaces
into contact each other.
In particular cases the design block is made in the roller form and after inking in
the usual way it is rolled over the surface of the article which is required to be printed
upon.

page_text: When a variety of colours is required in the printed matter we may use a series of
blocks for the different colours in which case we proceed with each colour separately
exactly as described above for one colour only-or we may use a single block only in
which case we first ink the design block over with any suitable adherent mixture and
make an impression upon the article to be printed upon, in the usual way, we then
dust the dry enamel pigments of different colours over the printed surface separately,
the parts not requiring to appear of the particular colour used being protected by a
shield of paper or other material, the excess of pigment is now brushed off, and the
other parts which were previously protected are dusted over with a different colour
and so on for any number of colours, by thus making a series of shields and dusting
on various colours separately, we are able to produce results with one design block
similar to those obtained by a series of blocks.
After having printed upon and dusted the enamel pigments over the surface of the
article as described we heat it gradually in a muffle to the temperature necessary to
fuse the enamel colours and thus render the printed matter permanent.
In cases where a great number of impressions have to be made in a short time we
prefer to use the adherent mixture already described but when only a small number
are required at intervals we prefer to use some mixture which will not act injuriously
upon the rubber block after long use, such a mixture is an ordinary solution of gum
arabic or a solution of gelatine or a mixture of the two; to which glycerine has been
gradually added until it prevents too rapid drying. We may also use in addition to
the ordinary enamel pigments any of the metallic colours used in ceramics.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. Printing directly upon glass, earthenware, or porcelain in enamel or ceramic
colours by means of vulcanised indiarubber surfaces and afterwards rendering the
printed matter permanent by firing the article in a muffle.
2. Dusting the dry enamel or ceramic pigments over the wet printed surfaces in
order to secure greater intensity and variety of colour.