Improvements in Vessels for Containing and Expressing Mixtures and Liquids.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 23rd May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vessels for Containing and Expressing Mixtures
and Liquids.
1, STEPHEN ARTHUR SEWELL of 62 Ranelagh Road, Ealing in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to vessels to contain colours, pastes, condiments and other
mixtures or liquids, having suitable means to express their contents as required for
use in a cleanly and convenient manner; and consists of a hollow cylindrically or
other formed case of metal, porcelain, wood, vulcanite or any other suitable material
of a convenient length and diameter, which may be made to stand horizontally or
to stand upright as preferred, by suitable means, such as an enlarged base, or it
may be provided with feet, or it may be contained in a suitable or independent
stand. The lower or one end of the case is closed, and the upper or other end is
provided with a cover that may be detachable by means of a screw or in any other
convenient manner. The cover is provided with a central hole through which the
mixture or liquid is expressed. A flat disc or piston or other suitably formed
piece is fitted within the cylinder or case and is advanced or raised intermittently
as required to gradually lessen the space or distance between the cover and the
piston to express any mixture contained in the cylinder.
The disc or piston or other piece serving the purpose may be raised by a screw
working beneath it through the end or bottom of the cylinder, or by a screw
formed in or on the cylinder itself, or by a plain piston rod, or in any other
convenient manner. At times, in using paints, soap, and certain mixtures such as
mustard and condiments for table use, I find it convenient to have the mixture
contained in independent vessels or cases, in order that when the contents of one
such receptacle have been exhausted it may be replaced by another, and I then
usually employ collapsable tubes, such as those known as Rand's collapsable_tubes
and in general use for artists colours, soap, toilet and other mixtures; and I then
enlarge the aperture in the detachable cover to allow the nipple or nozzle of the
Rand's tube to project through the cover, and the action of the piston or other
advancing piece then causes the tube to be crushed together in the direction of its
length and so express its contents. In certain cases, when the contents of my
improved vessel are very liquid, I place inside the cylinder or case a cup shaped
lining which may be of india rubber, vulcanized, or of any other suitable flexible
material, or it may be a flexible tube closed at the lower end by the piston itself,
in which arrangements the action of the piston causes the flexible lining, held by
the cover or any convenient means at its other end or top, to gradually collapse
and the contents to be expressed.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1895.

page_text: .
Improvements in Vessels for Containing and Expressing Mixtures
and 'Liquids.
I, STEPHEN ARTHUR SEWELL of 62 Ranelagh Road, Ealing, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
.
My invention relates to vessels or receptacles to contain colours, pastes,
condiments and other mixtures or liquids, having suitable means to express their
contents in a cleanly and convenient manner as required for use. My receptacle
vessels are made of cylindrical or other formed cases of metal, porcelain, wood,
vulcanite or other suitable material of convenient length and diameter, arranged
to stand upright or horizontally on an enlarged base, on feet or in independent
stands. The lower or one end of the case is closed or open and the upper or other
end is provided with a cover that may be fixed, or detachable by means of a screw,
by studs and slots or in any other convenient manner. The cover is pierced with
a central hole through which the mixture or liquid is expressed. A flat disc or
piston or other suitably formed piece within the cylinder or case is advanced or
raised intermittently, as required, to gradually reduce the space or distance between
its surface and the cover to express any liquid or mixture between these two. The
disc or piston may be raised by a screw working beneath it through the end or
bottom of the cylinder or other shaped case, or by a screw or spirals formed in or
on the cylinder itself, or by a rack or racks and pinion or pinions on the case, or in
any other convenient manner. For some paints, shaving soap, cosmetics, and for
mixtures such as mustard and other condiments for daily table use, I find it
convenient for commercial reasons to have the mixture contained in independent
airtight tubes, that when the contents of one such tube have been exhausted it may
be replaced by another full one. For these mixtures I usually employ collapsable
tubes, those known as Rand's collapsable tubes and in general use, which, when
filled, have their open ends folded over and over to seal their contents airtight, or,
by preference, similar collapsable tubes the cylindrical open ends of which are
closed by detached caps or plugs. When I employ either form of tube I then
enlarge the aperture in the cover of my receptacle vessel to allow the nipple or
nozzle of the collapsable tube to project through the cover, and the action of the
piston or other advancing piece then crushes the collapsable tube uniformly together
in the direction of its length and completely expresses its contents.
For some
purposes when the contents of my improved vessels are very liquid, I place inside
the cylinder or case a cup shaped, impermeable lining of vulcanized india rubber
or of any other suitable flexible material, or it may be a flexible tube closed at its
lower end by the piston itself, in which arrangement the action of the piston causes
the flexible lining, held airtight by the cover or any other convenient means at its
other end or top, to gradually collapse and its contents to be expressed.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the details of apparatus made in accordance
with my invention. Figs. 1 and 2 show elevation and section of one form; the
cylindrical case C. C. is pierced with two opposite spiral slots, and the piston P. is
raised by means of a diametrical pin which passes through it and the spiral slots,
held and turned by the fingers on the buttons affixed to the two ends of the pin
outside the cylindrical case. The cover T screwed on the top end of the case C.
has a large aperture to project the nozzle of the collapsable tube to be crushed
between it and the piston P. Figs. 3 and 4 show a similar cylindrical case
provided with two long opposite vertical slots, the exterior of the case C. C. is cut
with a coarse screw thread and the ends of a pin passing through the piston P. and

page_text: the slots, enter a circular groove recessed in a screwed ring loosely fitted upon the
external screw on C. C; turning the ring R to right or left by hand raises or
lowers the piston. I also sometimes employ a plain cylindrical case, with the
before mentioned removable cover, which carries a loose disc or piston advanced
by a tail screw tapped centrally through the closed lower end of the case. Fig. 5
shows this mode of advancing a loose piston; but in Fig. 5 the cylindrical case is
replaced by three or more wire rods attached to a ring carrying the cover at the
top and to a base for the tail screw below; Figs. 6 and 7 are plan views of the
loose piston and of the base of the elevation Fig. 5.
Figs. 8 and 9 are elevation and section of a different arrangement; the piston P.
is raised or lowered by two racks fixed upon the cylindrical or other formed
case C. C., the axle carrying the pinions working on these racks passes freely
through the piston and through plain slots in the cylinder or case and is turned by
a cross-handle or other formed head.
The racks may be differently arranged or may be cut upon the edges of the slots
in the case instead of being planted outside the latter; I also sometimes employ
one rack instead of two; a piece sliding outside and embracing the cylindrical or
other formed case then carries both the axle for the one pinion and the ends of a
plain pin which passes through the piston and the opposite slots in the case into
the piece sliding thereon. Fig. 10 is a section of one of my vessels provided with
a flexible cup shaped lining used as already mentioned for more liquid mixtures;
the lining, shown shaded, is fixed and held between the top of the cylinder C. C.
and its cover and is thus hermetically sealed, and is collapsed from below in the
direction of its length by the advance of the piston P. to express its contents
through an aperture in the cover. The piston is advanced by a screw as shown in
Fig. 10. but also in the manners shown by Figs. 1. 3 and 5. or 8.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1.) The construction of vessels or receptacles with attached impermeable elastic
collapsable linings, the vessels provided with the means of compressing these
linings longitudinally to express their contents, as hereinbefore described and for
the purposes specified.
(2.) The construction of similar vessels or receptacles to contain independant
interchangeable collapsable metal tubes, the vessels provided with means to
uniformly crush these collapsable metal tubes in the direction of their length to
completely express their contents, as hereinbefore described and for the purposes
specified.
Dated this 17th day of April 1896.