Improvements in Spray Lamps.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th May, 1892-Accepted, 9th July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spray Lamps.
JAMES WATSON PEEBLES, Engineer 3 Germeston Place, Springburn Glasgow
ALEXANDER BROWN, Brassfounder 38 West Street Tradeston Glasgow do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our said invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
oil spray lamps for oil fuel heating and lighting purposes.
Our improvements are applicable to that class of spray lamps wherein steam is
used to spray the oil.
In carrying out our invention we employ in connection with the burner an
apparatus for generating and superheating steam by which the oil is drawn up to
the burner, and by the burner is also thrown into spray.
The steam generating apparatus consists of an annular cylindrical hollow vessel
made of brass or steel, or, other suitable metals, the outside and inside being of
uniform diameter from top to bottom-its upper and under surface being conoidal
rising from its outer to its inner side at an angle of 45 degrees, or, the top surface
may be of hemispherical construction.
The steam generator is connected to water reservoir by two pipes, the upper
pipe conveying steam from steam generator and so causing pressure on surface of
water in reservoir, said water is then forced up the lower pipe into steam generator
and so made self-feeding, however, a small air pump may be used for raising the
water by pressure from water reservoir up into steam generator.
A safety valve is connected to the water reservoir, or the pipe connections, also a
pressure gauge, and a stop and regulating valve is fitted to the pipe connecting
the lower part of reservoir and steam generator.
The oil is supplied from an oil reservoir through a pipe fitted with a stop and
regulating valve to a burner which is placed a little below the steam generator and
concentric with its vertical action.
Steain is led to the burner through a pipe which passes down through the space
within the steam generator to the burner, or, the steam may be led to the water
reservoir and drawn from the water reservoir by means of a pipe having one or
more turns of a coil placed above the steam generator, or it may be placed under
the steam generator for purposes of being superheated and led down to the burner
where it is used to suck up and spray the oil.
A cylindrical shell of iron is placed in the centre of the lower part of the steam
generator, and is perforated with holes near its lower part where another conoid
iron shell is fixed to it, immediately under the holes and led up to near the underside
of the generator, over this and the generator is placed a third iron shell of uniform
diameter, at the bottom of which is fitted a trough to contain naptha or other light
oil to heat the generator and start the light, a row of holes are perforated round its
lower sides and another row of holes round its upper sides, the under row is to
supply air, and the upper row to take away the fumes of the burning oil.
The tanks on reservoir may be placed the one on top of the other, namely, the
oil reservoir being placed below and the water tank on the top, and the burner &
steam generator is placed above both.
The burner consists of a hollow cylindrical chamber in the side of which is
screwed the steam nipple, having a small aperture in its top side, to pass sufficient
steam to spray the oil, in the bottom side of this hollow chamber is another small
aperture raised above the bottom and being widest at its top and bottom ends, and
contracted at its centre part, through this aperture the oil is drawn by vacuum, at
right angles or opposite steam nipple is fitted a small cock to admit air to the hollow

page_text: chamber, on the top of this hollow chamber is fitted a cover of nozzle shape being
of uniform outside diameter and having a hole passing through its entire length
tapering from the bottom to near its centre inwards and tapering from near its
centre to the top outwards the. bottom portion projecting below the cover to near
the steam nipple.
Under a modification of this burner the steam nipple may be placed lower down
and on a level with the bottom of the hollow chamber and the oil brought in at
the sides.
Under another modification of this burner, the annular nozzle covering the
burner may be made of uniform internal diameter for a distance of halfway
and of greater diameter than the lower portion, round the bottom of this wider part
are holes to receive air.
These burners may be used with portable lamps, or heaters, or may be used
with fixed lamps or heaters, by drawing steam from an ordinary steam boiler by
means of a pipe led from the boiler to a distance above the burner where it is bent
into two or more turns of a coil and led into the burner, or it may be led into the
steam generator before described and there superheated.
11th 1001
JAMES W. PEEBLES.
ALEXANDER BROWN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spray Lamps.
We, JAMES WATSON PEEBLES of 3 Germiston Place, Springburn, Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, Scotland, Engineer, and ALEXANDER BROWN of
38 West Street, Tradeston, Glasgow aforesaid, Brassfounder do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the
be
same is to
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our said invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
oil spray lamps for heating and lighting purposes and is applicable to that class of
spray lamps wherein steam is used to spray the oil.
And in order that our invention may be properly understood we have appended
an explanatory sheet of drawings whereon
Fig. 1 represents a portable self-generating steam lamp embodying our
improvements in the combustion chamber and burner, which said chamber and
burner are shown in section.
Fig. 2 represents a section of a modified burner; and
Fig. 3 is a section of another modification of burner and chamber for use with
steam from a separate boiler.
In carrying out our said invention we employ in combination with the burner au
apparatus for generating or superheating the steam by which the oil is sucked up
to the burner and thrown out thereby into spray.
Referring to Fig. 1 the steam generator consists of an annular cylindrical
hollow vessel 4 made of steel, brass or other suitable metal; the inside and outside
being of uniform diameters from top to bottom as shown, or the inside may be
conical. The generator 4 is connected by two pipes 5 and 6 with a water tank 7;
the pipe 5 leading to top of tank 7 and the pipe 6 to bottom of tank 7.
.
A safety valve (not shown). may be connected to tank 7, as also a pressure
gauge 8.
A regulating valve 9 is fitted to the pipe 6 to control the water to
generator 4. Screw plugs 28 and 29 are. respectively fitted on tops of tanks 7
and 10 for charging them; oil being supplied to burner 22 from the oil tank 10
through a pipe 13 fitted with a valve 12. The burner 22 is placed below the
steam generator 4 and concentric therewith. Steam is led from generator 4 to
the burner by a pipe 5¹, or the steam may be led to the water tank 7 and drawn
"

page_text: therefrom by a. pipe, (not shown) having one or more turns of a coil placed above
the steam generator (same as shown at Fig. 3) or said coil may be placed under
the generator for purposes of being superheated and led down to the burner
where the steam sucks up and sprays the oil through the ejector.
A cylindrical (or it may be conical) shell 14 (Figs. 1 and 3) of iron is placed
concentric with the steam generator and may be perforated with holes near its
lower part for inlet of air. Over the generator 4 is placed another iron shell 15
(Figs. 1 and 3) of uniform diameter. As shown at Fig. 1, to the bottom of shell 14
is fitted by lugs 17 an annular trough 16 to contain naptha or other light oil to
heat the generator to start the light. The trough 16 is fixed so as to leave a space
on both sides thereof for inlet of air between shells 14 and 15.
The tanks 7 and 10 may be placed the one on top of the other; the oil tank 10
being placed below and the water tank 7 on the top, and the steam generator 4 is
placed about level with bottom of tank 7.
The burner consists of a hollow round case 18 in one side of which is screwed the
steam nipple having a small orifice 19 in its top side to pass sufficient steam to spray
the oil. In the bottom of said case 18 is formed another nipple having an
orifice 20 raised above the bottom of case 18 and widest at its top and bottom ends,
and contracted at its centre part; through this orifice 20 the oil is drawn by
vaccuum. Opposite steam nipple is fitted a small cock 21 to admit air to the hollow
case 18 to regulate the oil spray. On the top of the hollow case 18 is fitted a
cover formed with an upright outlet nozzle 22 of uniform diameter outside, and
having a hole passing through its entire length tapering from the bottom towards
its centre upwards and tapering from towards its centre to the top outwards; thus
forming a vena-contracta orifice; the bottom portion projecting below the cover to
near and opposite the steam orifice 19 as shown.
.
Under a modification of this burner as shown at Fig. 2, the steam orifice 19 may
be formed in and lower down on a level with bottom of hollow case 18, and the oil
brought in at the bottom or side through passage 20. Round the case 18 may be
one or more air-inlet holes 21 round which may turn a ring 23 having corresponding
holes so that the passage of air therethrough may be varied by turning the ring.
The action of the lamp is as follows. Naptha or other oil is poured into
trough 16 and lighted, thus heating generator 4, into which is now let by valve 9, a
little water which is made into steam which passes up pipe 5 to top of tank thus
making the pressure in tank 7 equal throughout. The steam also passes down
pipe 5 and out by orifice 19 up through orifice 22 thus causing a partial vacuum
in case 18; the oil being sucked up through orifice 20 and sprayed up inside
generator where it burns. The flame may be regulated by admitting air by
cock 21 or holes 21 Fig. 2 through which the air is sucked & mingles with jet,
and water, steam or oil by the other several cocks 9, 38 or 12 as desired. Air is
admitted to top of tank 10 to allow of oil being sucked therefrom.
These burners may be used with fixed lamps or heaters by drawing steam from
an ordinary steam boiler, by means of a pipe 25. Fig. 3 led from the boiler to a
distance above the burner where it is bent into two or more turns of a coil 26 and
led to the burner 18 as shown at Fig. 3, the trough 16 in this case being dispensed
with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1st. The burner, consisting of the case 18 having on top a vena-contracta
orifice 22 in bottom an oil inlet orifice 20, and in the sides the nipple 19 and
air-cock 21 all constructed as described and shown at Fig. 1.
2nd. A burner consisting of a shell or case 18 having in bottom thereof the oil
and steam inlet orifices 20 and 19, and on top a rena-contracta orifice as main outlet
for spray, and fitted with a ring having air-holes corresponding to holes 21 in side
of case 18, all constructed and arranged as described and shown at Fig. 2.

page_text: 3rd. The particular combination in the particular manner of the trough 16 with
shells 14 and 15 as described and shown at Figure 1.
n
Li 11111000
D. F. MASON,
Agent.