Improvements in Means for Equalizing the Electro-motive Force of Dynamos.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 29th June, 1895-
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Equalizing the Electro-motive Force of
Dynamos.
We, MORRIS MOSKOWITZ, of 353 Bergen Street, Newark, New Jersey,
Inventor and Electrician; IBON DANIEL ADLER, of 86 Park Place, Newark,
New Jersey, Gentleman, ABRAHAM SANFORD ADLER, of 2414 North Broad
Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Gentleman, and THEODORE WALTER
MYERS, of 45 New Street, in the City of New York, Banker and Broker, all in
the United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of our invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention, relates to improvements in machines for generating electricity for
electric lighting and other purposes, where electricity is to be used, and has for its
object to produce an automatic controlling device for the purpose of equalizing the
electro-motive force of dynamos or other electrical apparatus running under
variable speed, whereby the dynamo or such other electrical, apparatus employed
will maintain a constant difference of potential' at the terminals of the 'dynamo
electric generator.
It is a well-known fact that the electro-motive "force of an ordinary separately
exoited dynamo varies as the speed of the armature increases or decreases, and to
maintain a constant potential, an electrical apparatus' has been devised, connected
in circuit with the dynamo electric generator, to decrease or increase the intensity
of its magnetic fields, to make up for the increase or decrease of the speed of its
armature, with the object in view, that a constant and uniform electro-motive force
is maintained in the generating armature. To obtain this result, two electrical
machines or apparatus are constructed, arranged side by side on one base' and
having one shaft extending through the armature of both of sajd' machines; one
machine acting as a motor to operate said shaft, and receiving its power directly
from said dynamo-electric generator, the electro-motive force of which is to be
maintained constant, and said second' machine, acting as a'dynamo-electric machine,
its armature and magnetic field being so coupled with the fields of the dynamo
eléctrical generator that its electro-motive forte will oppose that generated by said
dynamo generator in the main circuit:
The invention therefore consists in the arrangements and combinations of parts
to be hereinafter fully described and finally embodied in the clauses of the
claim.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is, a diagrammatic view, illustrating, the arrangement of a 'dynamo
electric generator in circuit with the electrical apparatus, forming a combined
generating and regulating dynamo-machine, the generating portion of said machine
being in circuit with the main circuit connected with the dynamo-electric
generator.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the combined generating and regulating dynamo-
machine:
"Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view, similar to that illustrated in Figure 1, but the
generating or motor portion of said regulating apparatus' being in circuit with

page_text: 1-
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Figure 4, is a detail view of the one end of the generating or motor portion of
said regulating apparatus, illustrating the armature shaft of the apparatus provided
with a pulley wheel for operating the apparatus mechanically instead of by
electricity.
In said drawings, A. indicates the dynamo-electric generator, of any suitable
construction for supplying electricity to electric lights a, or other electrical devices
in the main circuit a', a', connected with the brushes a³ and a³ of said generator in
the usual manner. The combined generating and regulating dynamo machine is
illustrated more especially in Figure 2 of the drawings, and consists of a suitable
motor B and a suitable dynamo C of any desirable construction; both of which are
erected upon the same support or base d...
A combined shaft e, having a constant speed, extends through the armature of
said motor B and said dynamo C, and on said shaft are the motor brushes and
commutator at the one end, and the dynamo brushes c and commutator e' at the
other end of the shaft. Suitable bearings d and d are employed for (supporting
said shaft e on said base d,.as shown.
As will be seen from Figure 1, the brushes b of said motor B are in circuit with
the main circuit a', a', by means of the wires 62, 62, whereby, as soon as the
generator A is operated from any outside source, the electricity generated by said
generator A will pass through the wires b², thereby energizing the fields,6,6³ of
said motor B and thus driving the armature shaft e, as will be clearly understood.
At the same time, the brushes,c and armature.c, on said shafte will cause said
fields of the dynamo C to become excited. One of the brushes c and one of
the fields of the dynamo C are in circuit through the wires e³, c, with the field
coils a,a of the dynamo-electric generator A, as will be seen from Figures 1 and 3.
Said dynamo C is also constructed that its fields c, ³, are extended, as will be seen
from the several figures of the drawing, being in circuit through the coils c, of, and
the wires c, c³, connected with the main circuit aa, of the electric generator A,
whereby said circuit is charged by said generator A, so that its electro-motive
force opposes the electro-motive force from the dynamo C sufficiently to control the
strength of the magnetic fields in said generator A.
1
In Figure 1, a is a shunt circuit connecting the two brushes a² and a³ of the
generator A, whereby just sufficient electro-motive force; is generated in starting up
the machinery to start the motor B, after which it derives its power from the main
circuit a!, a'.
+
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outside
The operation is as follows:
Suppose the generator A has been started, deriving its power from any out
source under considerable variation of speed. Said generator A feeds the main
circuit and also the motor B in the circuit 6, 62, connected, with the main
circuit a', a', thereby immediately operating the self-regulating dynamo C. Now,
as the speed of the generator increases, so will its electro-motive force increase, but
at the same time a counter-acting current is created in the dynamo C, its armature
having a uniform speed, which acts through the circuit wires cc, through
the coils a, a, and thereby decreases the strength of the magnetic fields of the
generator A, and hence immediately reduces the armature output of the
generator A; but at the same time, the electro-motive force of the said dynamo C,
is weakened by the opposing current and the oppositely wound coils c, c,excited
from the main circuit a', a', will proportionately reduce the strength of the
magnetic fields of said regulating dynamo.
Thus it will be seen, that an automatically operating controlling device has been
devised, which is very simple and still operative for the purpose of equalizing the
electro-motive force of the dynamo-electric generator A, running under variable
speeds, and maintaining a constant difference of potential at the terminals of said
electric generator. lustead of operating said combined motor and regulating
dynamo machine with the current generated by the generator A, said small motor
connected with said regulating dynamo may have its operative source in a suitable
battery f, arranged in the circuit, as clearly shown in Figure 3, or the shaft e

page_text: of the motor B may be operated by a pulley on said shaft, by mechanical means
from some other source, as will be evident from the detail view, illustrated
in Figure 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a means for the purpose of equalizing the electro-motive force of dynamos
or other electrical apparatus running under variable speed, the combination, of
a dynamo electric generator, and a combined motor and regulating dynamo, the
armature circuit of said regulating dynamo being in circuit with the magnetic fields
of said dynamo-electric generator, so that the electro-motive force of said regulating
dynamo excites and controls the intensity of the magnetic fields of said dynamo-
electric machine, and means connected with the combined motor and dynamo shaft
for operating the same, and an opposing circuit connecting the field coils of said
regulating dynamo with the main circuit connected with said dynamo-electric
generator, counteracting the electro-motive force of said regulating dynamo to
maintain the electro-motive force of the dynamo electric generator constant,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In a means for the purpose of equalizing the electro-motive force of dynamos
or other electrical apparatus running under variable speed, the combination, of a
dynamo electric generator, and a combined motor and regulating dynamo,
comprising therein a combined armature shaft e, a motor armature and brushes,
and a dynamo armature and brushes on said shaft, the armature circuit of said
regulating dynamo being in circuit with the magnetic fields of said dynamo electric
generator, so that the electro-motive force of said regulating dynamo excites and
controls the intensity of the magnetic fields of said dynamo electric generator, and
means connected with said combined dynamo and motor shaft for operating the
same, and an opposing circuit connecting the field coils of said regulating dynamo
with the main circuit connecting with the said dynamo electric generator,
counteracting the electro-motive force of said regulating dynamo, to maintain the
electro-motive force of the dynamo electric generator constant, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
11005
MORRIS MOSKOWITZ.
LEON DANIEL ADLER.
ABRAHAM SANFORD ADLER.
THEODORE WALTER MYERS.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.