IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SAWING STONE AND MARBLE
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR SAWING STONE AND MARBLE."-A communication.
Sealed the 21st July 1854, and dated the 23rd January 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Broo-
man at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd January 1851.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SAWING STONE AND MARBLE," communicated
to me by a foreigner residing abroad, to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in giving the feed lift to the saw frame at or
sufficiently near the centre of the reciprocating motion or stroke, or at equi-
distant points from the centre, for the purpose of effecting the freer percolation
or introduction of sand or other gritty materials and water; also in repeating
the feed lift of the saw blades by means of two or more double inclined planes
or projections, or their equivalents, at each stroke; also in interposing india-
rubber or other elastic medium between the iron way. and the double inclined
planes or projections which lift the saw frame to absorb or reduce the effects
of concussion; also in giving a proportionate feed by means of adjustable
friction palls in connection with an adjustable excentric; and also in guiding
the saw frame by means of excentric pius for the purpose of preventing lateral
motion in the same without injuring the guide posts.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,or such,
others as I,thesaid Richard Archibald Brooman,my executors, administrators
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,and Isle of Man,au Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SAWING STONE AND MARBLE," (com-
municated to ane by a foreigner residing abroad,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman,do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in giving the feed lift to the saw frame at or
sufficiently near the centre of the reciprocating motion or stroke, or at equi-
distant points from the centre, for the purpose of effecting the freer percolation
or introduction of sand or other gritty material and water; in repeating the
feed lift of the saw blades by means of two or more double inclined planes or
projections, or their equivalents, at each stroke; in in interposing india-rubber
or other elastic medium between the iron ways and the double inclined planes
or projections which lift the saw frame to absorb or reduce the effects of con-

page_text: cussion; in giving a proportionate feed by means of adjustable friction palls in
connection with an adjustable excentric; and in guiding the saw frame by
means of eccentric pins for the purpose of preventing lateral motion in the
same without injuring the guide posts.
Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed represents a plan of a sawing machine,
constructed according to these several improvements; Figure 2, a side eleva-
tion; Figure 3, an end elevation; Figure 4, a side view of one of the four sheave
bearings and longitudinal section of the saw frame or gate; and Figure 5 is a
plan of a sheave hearing. The same letters of reference indicate the same
parts in each of the Figures. A, A, represent the lateral girders; and A', A',
the longitudinal girders of the frame work; B,are the corner posts or standards
which are cast with mortices C, C, extending from near the top to within a
short distance of the bottom, into which are screwed the sheave bearings D,
which are formed in two halves, firmly bolted together and provided with
sheaves D1, D2, and straps E, which are connected together by a pin D³, clamp
screw, nut, and hook D. These sheave bearings are free to slide in the
mortices C of the corner posts or standards B, and are furnished with two
eccentric pins e secured with nuts el to the bearings ou the outer side of the
slides of the saw frame, as represented in Figure 2, for the purpose of
adjusting the parallelism of the saw frame to prevent lateral motion and injury
to the guide posts from the grit to which they are constantly exposed. The
hooks D are attached to four chains F, running over the chain pullies G,
supported in the double bearings I, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2. The
mortices C also receive the saw frame sides J, connected together by the
cross-heads J'; J2 are mortices in the cross-heads J', in which the saw blades
are fastened by means of hooks and wedges, or in any other suitable manner,
and set with gauges between the ears or projections J3 on the cross heads,
according to the thickness of the stone or marble to be sawn. The recesses of
the saw frame are provided with double inclined planes or projections k,
Figure 4, flat iron ways 7, and strips of india-rubber m. The saw frame sides
are let down on to the sheaves D', and then adjusted by the clamp screws and
nuts, so as to lie perfectly horizontal, and to bear equally on the four sheaves,
and also to bring the projections & on to the flat iron ways 7, in such a manner
that they shall all ride over the sheaves simultaneously, whereby the necessary
feed liftis given to the saws without destroying their parallelism. L (Figures
1 and 2) is a shaft which has keyed upon it the worm wheel M, into which
gears an endless screw (not shewn in the Drawings) upon the shaft N, turning
in the brackets N1, N¹, and carrying at its opposite end the bevil wheel O,
k

page_text: gearing into the pinion O', keyed upon the shaft P, turning in the bearings P¹.
This shaft Palso carries a friction wheel Q, double lever Q', pall Q, adjustable
pin Q3 fitted in the slots Q in the arms of the double lever Q. To this pin
the one end of a connecting rod R is attached, which derives its motion from
anadjustable excentric fixed on a crank shaft. By the motion of the excentric,
which is graduated according to the position of the pin Q³ in the slots, the
lever is pushed back, thereby allowing the pall to take firm hold of the friction
wheel Q, so that upon the return stroke the pall is pulled forward, whereby
the friction wheel is caused to revolve, and thusa regular and exact fall is given
to the saws corresponding to each stroke of the saw frame, which also derives
its reciprocating motion from the same crank shaft by means of connecting
-rods attached to pins S at or near the centre of the saw frame. The shaft P
carries also a loose pulley S', driven by a cross belt, a driving pulley T, and
a second loose pulley U, driven by a looped or straight belt. These belts
receive their motion from a drum driven by a steam engine or other prime
mover. When the machine is in operation, the pullies S and U carry each
their respective belts, either of which (after the pall Q is thrown off from
contact with the friction wheel Q) is shifted upon the driving wheel T, whereby
a rapid rise or fall of the saw frames and saws is occasioned, as the case may
require, when a block of stone or marble is first placed under the saws or to
be taken out after being sawn. These pullies may, however, be dispensed
with, as the workman can raise or lower the saws by turning by hand the feed
or friction wheel Q. When the inclined projections reach the sheaves
D1, D2, in the standards, the interposed india-rubber slightly yields to prevent
the shock, which would otherwise throw up the saw frame, and cause it to fall
by gravity with such force as to expel the grains of sand from under the edge
of the saws; but, by preventing this shock, the saw frames gradually descend
so as to cause the saws to work more efficiently. It will be seen that whatever
may be the range of motion of the saw frames, they will, at every stroke,
receive the same lifting motion, and that this lift takes place when the saw
frames are at their greatest velocity, when fresh grains of sand are fed under
the edges of the saws, so that when the saws again descend, the sharp angles
of the sand may act the better to break the texture of the stone or marble. On
the return action of the saws, the grains of sand are rolled in the opposite
direction and present fresh angles for acting on the stone. By the arrange-
ment of the feed motion, the saws are capable of being adjusted to the greatest
accuracy, and by its connection with an adjustable or double excentric upon
the crank shaft, the descent of the saws can be regulated to suit the hardness

page_text: in the texture of the stones or marble to be cut. The feed notion also takes
place at every stroke of the saws, instead of one feed motion for a number of
strokes, as heretofore practised.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is, the
several improvements in machinery for sawing stone and marble, operating
in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described, and represented
in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Twentieth day of July, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
K. A. BROUMAN. (L.S.)