Improvements in Machinery for Pressing Solid or Plastic Substances.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1894
TRUVIDIONAL DI MUINTICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Pressing Solid or Plastic
Substances.
1, WILLIAM WILKINSON, of Neville Works, Elland Road, Leeds, in the
County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to construct machinery in such a manner that
bricks, tiles, and other solid or plastic substances (bereinafter called bricks), may
be pressed in a more efficient manner than heretofore.
In machinery hitherto employed, the brick has been pressed by means of a
plunger pressing such brick in a firm immovable mould. This operation is
generally not satisfactory, owing to the pressure on one side of the brick exceeding
the pressure on the other side, which thus imparts a close texture to the brick, at
one side only. A further disadvantage lies in the incomplete escape of air from
the brick, and also in the comparatively rough surfaces such bricks receive in the
presses hitberto employed.
According to my invention I mount a rocking beam at the upper part of a
main frame, and to one arm of this rocking beam a connecting rod is pivoted, the
opposite end of which is connected to a press head sliding vertically on the main
frame. Below the vertically sliding press head is situated the stationary table
containing the mould, and below the table is situated a plunger which works up
through the mould and forms the base thereof. At the lower part of the main
frame of the machine and below the first rocking beam I mount a second rocking
beam, and one arm of the said lower rocking beam carries a roller on which the
lower end of the plunger rests. The opposite ends of the rocking beams are
connected to one end of a rocking arm by means of two connecting rods, and the
opposite end of the said rocking arm is jointed to a crank, which is actuated by
any suitable power. The connecting rods may either be pivoted to a common
fulcrum on the end of the rocking arm, or they may be pivoted at a short distance
apart, in which latter case much extra power may be obtained. The crank is
situated in such a position that on the crank shaft being set in motion, the con-
necting rods from the beam ends to the rocking arm are brought into a straight
line, then a short distance out of the straight line, then back to the straight line,
and they are finally drawn back a considerable distance at an angle in the opposite
direction. This action has the effect of moring the inner or press ends of the
beams tightly together, thereby giving the brick a first pressure, then slightly
slackening the pressure, which allows of the escape of compressed air around or in
the brick, then enforcing a second pressure, and finally bringing the beam ends
apart, thereby releasing the brick, which is raised by the lower plunger, and removed
in the ordinary way.
It will thus be readily seen that there is an equal pressure imparted to the brick
at the upper and lower surfaces simultaneously, as the pressure on one side is held
against the pressure on the other side, and in the struggle of one pressure against
the other, an up and down motion is imparted to the brick, which polishes the sides
of the said brick by the rubbing action against the sides of the mould.
Dated this 18th day of May 1893.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Pressing Solid or Plastio
Substances.
1, WILLIAM WILKINSON of Neville Works, Elland Road, Leeds, in the
County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to construct machinery in such a manner that
bricks, tiles, and other solid or plastic substances (hereinafter called bricks) may
be pressed in a more efficient manner than heretofore. In machinery hitherto
employed, the brick has been pressed by means of a plunger pressing such brick in
a firm immovable mould. This operation is generally not satisfactory, owing to
the pressure on one side of the brick exceeding the pressure on the other side,
which thus imparts a close texture to the brick at one side only; a further dis-
advantage lies in the incomplete escape of air from the brick, and also in the
comparatively rough surfaces such bricks receive in the presses hitherto
employed.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood reference is given to the
accompanying drawing, and to the letters marked thereon.
According to my invention I mount a rocking beam A at the upper part of a
main frame B, and to one arm of this rocking beam A a connecting rod C is
pivoted, the opposite end of which is connected to a press head D, which slides
vertically in the main frame B. To the underpart of the press head D I attach a
plunger E, which being in part with the said press head D slides vertically there-
with. Below the vertically sliding press head D is situated the stationary table F,
containing the mould and below this table F is situated a plunger G, which works
up through the mould and forms the base thereof.
At the lower part of the main frame B of the machine and below the first rocking
beam A, I mount a second rocking beam H, and one arm of the said lower rocking
beam H carries a roller J, on which the lower end of the plunger G rests.
The opposite ends or arms of the rocking beams A and H are connected to one
end of a rocking arm K by means of two connecting rods L and M, and the
opposite end of the said rocking arm K is connected to a crank N turning on the
shaft P, which latter is actuated by any suitable means. The connecting rods L
and M may either be pivoted to a cominon fulcrum on the end of the rocking
arm K or they may be pivoted at a short distance apart as shown in the drawing,
in which latter case much extra power may be obtained.
The crank N is situated in such a position that on the crank shaft P being set in
motion, the connecting rods L and M are brought into a straight line, then a short
distance out of the straight line, then back to a straight line, and they are finally
drawn back a considerable distance at an angle in the opposite direction. This
action has the effect of moving the plungers E and G tightly together, thereby
giving the brick a first pressure; then slightly slackening the pressure, which
allows of the escape of compressed air around or in the brick; then imparting
second pressure which finishes the brick; and finally releasing the brick, which is
raised by the lower plunger G and removed in the ordinary way.
It will thus be readily seen that there is an equal pressure imparted to the brick
at the upper and lower surfaces simultaneously, as the pressure on one side is held
against the pressure on the other side, and in the struggle or action of one pressure
against the other, an up and down motion is imparted to the brick, which polishes
the sides of the said brick by the rubbing action against the sides of the mould.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The two rocking beams, the outer ends of which are coupled to two plungers
working in a mould, the inner ends of the said rocking beams being jointed to two
connecting rods fulcrumed at their opposite ends to an arm, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
2. The combination of the rocking beam A, connecting rod C, press head D,
plunger E, plunger G, rocking beam H, roller J, rocking arm K, and connecting
rods L and M for pressing various substances substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
3. The combination of the rocking beam A, frame B, connecting rod C, press
head D, plunger E, table F, plunger G, rocking beam H, roller J, rocking arm K,
connecting rods L and M, crank N and shaft P, substantially as and for the
purposes herein set forth.
4. The machinery for pressing solid or plastic substances constructed arranged
and acting substantially as herein before described and illustrated with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 16th day of February 1894.
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for Applicant.