Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb, 1887
Complete Left, 15th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 16th Dec, 1887

page_text: The effect of this is to cause the water in the boiler to circulate down trough K,
(shown dotted,) and pipe I. along perforated pipe L to pipe C. and carried to top of
vessel A. and descending slowly until it reaches. the inverted dishes B. where the
area being contracted, causes the water to pass this point much quicker, thereby
causing the solids, and injurious substances to pass into the lower portion of vessel A,
where the water being at rest, the solids, and injurious substances sink by gravitation
to the bottom.
The purified water passing up pipes E. and M. into circulating pipe D, and
discharged by same into the pipe G. and delivered about the water line as shown and
described.
Dated this 15th day of February 1887. ·
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
'
The Circulation and Purification of the Water in Steam Boilers
whilst at Work, thereby Preventing the Formation of Incrusta-
tion or Scale.
I, THOMAS RAWSON, Pallion Road, Sunderland, Engineer and Boiler inspector
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
This invention relates to apparatuses for circulating and purifying the water in
steam boilers whilst at work thereby extracting the solid matters of such water and
thereby preventing the formation of incrustation or scale.
For this purpose I make use of an apparatus or vessel which is by preference
cylindrical in shape, and of a size suitable for boilers of different sizes and construction,
and may be made in two or more parts, securely connected together and I also make
use of a circulator constructed as herein explained and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, similar letters of reference
represents similar or corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the
drawings.
Fig. 1. is a vertical section of the apparatus as fixed at the front of an ordinary
Lancashire (or two flued) boiler..

page_text: 23
5. is a plan of same.
27
2. is a plan of the large inverted dish shaped vessel B.
Fig. 3. is a plan of the small inverted dish shaped vessel B².
A. is a Cylindrical vessel with a branch pipe on the side, placed at such an angle
with the body as may be required to suit different boilers or the branch may be
placed horizontal at the side, it is also provided on top with a suitable tap (not
shewn) for the purpose of allowing the air to escape when filling the boiler with
water.
F. is a stand, having a concave top and a branch pipe from the bottom of concave
to the side, forming the bottom of purifying vessel A. and secured to the same by
bolts, B. and B are two inverted dish shaped vessels connected to each other so as to
allow of a free passage of water between them, the largest one B. having three
projections at bottom to keep it in the Centre of the vessel A, and the small one B².
having three projections to secure it to the bottom of large inverted dish shaped
vessel B. as shewn in Figs. 2 and 3.
E. is a pipe inside vessel A. in the top of which it is secured by expanding it in a
suitable hole in the top of vessel A extending down to the inverted dish shaped
vessels B. to which it is secured by screwed threads and lock-nut N.
H. is a suitable tap or valve for blowing out the impurities and solid matter.
C. is a pipe connecting the apparatus with the blow off pipe of the boiler or it may
be connected with the bottom of the boiler itself, the top portion of this pipe may be
curved to suit, in cases where the branch pipe is placed horizontally on side of
vessel A.
D is a circulator constructed of a pipe of such a size as may be required to suit
boilers of different sizes and construction, having a core through the centre, this core
may be made solid from end to end, or may be inade of a pipe having one or both
ends closed, and kept in the centre of pipe by two or more pins at one end, and bolted
through a cap formed with a branch as shewn in Figs. 4 and 5. This cap is shewn as
screwed on the end of pipe, but in some cases I may secure them by flanges in the
ordinary manner by bolts.
M. is a bend pipe of a less diameter than the circulator D, and secured to the
circulator at one end and the other end to crown of flue, or in the case of boilers
which have the fire below the bottom it may be secured to the bottom of boiler.
G. is a discharge pipe with the top end turned towards the Back end of boiler
extending from top of pipe M. upwards and discharging the water from four to six
inches below the ordinary working level of the water in the boiler.
O. is a pipe connecting purifying vessel A with the circulator D.
I will now proceed to show how the circulation and purification of the water in
steam boilers whilst at work thereby preventing the formation of incrustation or scale
is to be performed, by the following explanation.
Connections are formed with the apparatuses and the boiler by means of the
pipes C and M. The circulator D. being fixed in the furnace of the boiler as illustrated
in Figs. 4 and 5, or in the case of boilers with fire beneath the bottom the circulator
is connected to the bottom of the boiler by the pipe M. The circulator D. is thus
exposed to the greatest heat of the fire when the water is caused to circulate very
rapidly upwards and towards the discharge pipe G and delivered from four to six
inches below the ordinary working level of water in the boiler.
The whole of the apparatus being below the ordinary working level of the water in
the boiler it is consequently filled with water. As soon as the circulation is caused
by the heat of the fire in the circulator D. it causes the whole of the water in the
apparatus (except that portion below the bottom of the small inverted dish shaped
vessel B²) to circulate towards the fire from the bottom of the boiler up the pipe C
which delivers it near the top of vessel A. The water then desends vertically and
slowly down to top of large inverted dish shaped vessel. B. it then takes a circular
course round the same, until it arrives at the bottom of same, where the area of
vessel A. being contracted it passes this point much quicker thereby precipatating the

page_text: solid matter and injurious substances held in suspension, below the surface of the
water in the lower portion of the vessel A. where the water being at rest or without
motion, the solids and injurious matters sink by gravitation to the bottom where they
may be blown out from time to time, by the blow off cock or valve H. The purified
water passing horizontally beneath the bottom and towards the centre of the inverted
dish shaped vessel B, and through the spaces between the inverted dish shaped
vessels B and B² to the pipe E thus ascending to the pipe O and through the branch
on cap to the circulator D the water is then driven through the circulator D. by the
heat of the fire through pipes M and G and discharged from four to six inches below
the ordinary working level of the water in the boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
.claim is
1. The herein described method of circulating the water in steam boilers by means
of a pipe having a core through the centre connected with a cap (with a branch in
it) at one end and by a pipe smaller in diameter at the other end, being placed so that
it is exposed to the great heat of the fire as described and illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.
2. The method of purifying the water in steam boilers whilst at work by means of
a Cylindrical vessel, having a pipe suspended from centre of top to which are secured
two inverted dish shaped vessels as described and illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4.
3. The combination of the apparatuses for circulating and purifying the water in
steam boilers whilst at work substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Dated this 14th day of November 1887
THOMAS RAWSON,
Pallion Road, Sunderland.