Contrivance for Heating the Air to be Burned in Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Contrivance for Heating the Air to be Burned in Lamps.
I, HEINRICH NIEMEYER of 1, Victoriastrasse, Cassel, Germany, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :--
Whilst with previous lamps the air is admitted to the combustion chamber at
low temperature and the high temperature of the escaping, used up gas is not
utilized, the present invention has for its object the heating before hand of the
air admitted to the combustion space, by means of the temperature of the
escaping gas.
This is attained by three concentrically arranged glasses as heat-conductors,
forming three chambers in which the air is previously warmed and then admitted
to the combustion space.
There exist already certain constructions based upon the same principle, but
these are only provided with two channels, viz. one directed downwardly, and a
second rising upwardly, forming the combustion space and outlet channel for
the gas.
The previous construction has consequently the disadvantage that in the first
channel the air to be heated for burning is admitted to the combustion space
contrary to the law of gravity, and there is therefore a resistance to overcome,
which interferes with the inflow of air.
The accompanying drawing shews in
Fig. 1 the horizontal cross section through the air inlet, whilst
Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 shew vertical sections of four different forms of con-
struction.
In the present construction with three channels, the air ascends in the first
channel I, and by the impulse produced, easily overcomes the resistance in
channel II, so that a greater quantity of air is therefore admitted to the third
channel or combustion chamber III.
The heat-conductors are made of glass, but in those cases in which no value
is placed upon the upwardly radiating light, they may also be partly made of
metal in the upper half.
The special form of the heat-conductor, both in longitudinal and cross section,
depends upon the combustion material and upon the form of the flame, or of
the illuminating body.
The fundamental principle is shewn in Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. 2 the two glasses
of largest and of smallest diameter are made of one piece A, whilst in the other
figs. these glasses consist of two pieces A' and A³, or (Fig. 5) are connected
together by still a third piece, the closing piece A³.
The middle glass B is either carried by a gallery C (Figs. 3 and
or, in order
to secure a larger angle of downwardly radiating light, it narrows (Figs. 5 and 6)
and is carried directly by the burner D.
In Fig. 3 the small glass A carries the large one A', whilst in the other figs.,
the small glass A hangs free underneath.
In Fig. 3 the large glass A' only goes about half way down, in order to place
only two layers of glass, for better transparency, before the source of light. The
lower gallery E is provided with screw thread, and is adjustable on the part of
the burner D provided with thread d, whereby a simple regulation of the quantity
of air is attained.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. Preliminary heating of the air for burning in lamps in three concentrically
arranged, wholly or partly transparent air channels I II III, of which the
narrowest channel III forms the combustion chamber, and the escape channel
for the used up gas, instreaming air for burning ascending in the first channel,
descending in the second channel and again ascending in the third channel being
heated by means of the temperature of the escaping gas, as described.
2. The formation of the three channels I II III by the glasses A A' A and B,
as set forth.
3. Regulation of the instreaming air by vertical adjustment of the glasses to
each other, either the double glass, or the inner glass, resting upon a gallery,
the height of which is adjustable by screw thread on the burner D, as described.
Dated this 11th day of September 1896.
HEINRICH NIEMEYER.