Improvements in Certain Lathes used for Ornamenting and Shaping Metal, Ivory, Wood, and other Materials.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1691-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Certain Lathes used for Ornamenting and Shaping
Metal, Ivory, Wood, and other Materials.
We, GEORGE BIRCH of Islington Tool Works, Islington Grove, Salford, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer and Tool Maker and JESSE Lowe of South
Street, Darwen also in the County of Lancaster Watch and Clock Maker do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to certain lathes used for ornamenting and shaping metal,
ivory, wood and other materials.
Our invention relates firstly to arrangements of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with lathes provided with two mandrels by means of which apparatus
known as 66
rose engine work "and work similar thereto can be executed either
with or without rosettes.
According to this part of our invention we mount upon a carriage capable of
being moved longitudinally upon the lathe bed, brackets in which and free to be
rotated therein is a hollow mandrel or hollow mandrels upon which the "rosettes"
or cams are mounted, such "rosettes or cams receiving rotary motion from the
"back" spindle by means of a shaft or bar. The said "rosettes" or cams .act
against pins or studs or "rubbers" mounted upon levers carried by and capable of
being oscillated upon studs secured to brackets which carry the hollow mandrels
before referred to.
33
Each of the pins studs or rubbers before referred to we so mount upon its
respective lever that it may be raised or lowered relatively to the rosette cam or
rubber acting against it.
The oscillating levers before referred to, we connect by means of connecting rods
to upper and lower slides respectively which slides are mounted upon the carriage
capable of being slidden upon the lathe bed before referred to.
The upper of the slides before referred to carries the tool or cutter which
operates upon the "work" carried by the "front" spindle. One of the rosettes
or cams before referred to acts upon the lever before mentioned and actuates the
upper slide and the other rosette or cam actuates the lower slide above mentioned.
The rosettes or cams before referred to move the slides previously named in one
direction but the said slides are moved in the opposite direction by means of
springs. The two slides may be caused to move simultaneously or either may be
caused to move alone. The upper slide may be placed at a considerable angle to
the axis of the cam by which the said upper slide is traversed to and fro but in
those cases in which it is requisite to place the top slide at a right angle to the
axis of the rosette or cam aforesaid or angles approaching a right angle we mount
upon a suitable part of the carriage before referred to or a part carried thereby,
a stand upon which we mount a bell-crank-lever one arm of which we connect by
means of a connecting rod to the upper slide and the other arm of which we
connect by means of a connecting rod to the arm actuated by the roseite above
mentioned.
The above mentioned connecting rods we so form that they may readily be made
longer or shorter to suit the various positions in which the slides above referred to
may be placed. The levers oscillated by the rosettes or cams before referred to
we form so that they extend upon each side of the centres upon which they
individually oscillate and also so form them that each of the connecting rods
before referred to can be secured to its respective lever in any position within the
length of such lever.
A further part of our invention relates to lathes of the class in which two

page_text: mandrels are employed, used for shaping or ornamenting metal, ivory, wood or
other materials and consists in the employment of a swing arm which we se mount
upon the headstock" of the lathe that it may be turned entirely or partially
around the axis of the "main mandrel" such swing arm being capable of carrying
carrier or change wheels by which such "main mandrel can be geared to the
back or secondary mandrel or the said swing armimay carry a wheel or wheels by
means of which the "main mandrel" may be geared to the "leading screw" of the said
lathe. We accomplish the object of this portion of our invention by placing the
swing arm before mentioned upon the outside of the headstock of the lathe.
a
A further part of our invention relates to the guide pulleys of the "over head
apparatus" used in lathes for shaping or ornamenting metal, ivory, wood and
other materials and consists in arrangements by means of which we are enabled
to prevent the oil employed for the lubrication of the pulleys before mentioned
from being thrown off such pulleys by their rotation. To accomplish the object
of this portion of our invention we prevent the oil escaping from the outer end of
the stud upon which each of the pulleys is mounted by means of a cap or cover
placed upon the loss of the pulley and we also form upon each of the pulleys
groove the open part of which groove is towards the axis around which the said
pulley revolves.
When the pulley is revolving one portion of the oil employed to
lubricate such pulley will be retained by the cap before referred to while the
hollow rim formed upon the pulley will form a receptacle to receive the oil carried
outward by the rotation of the said pulley. In some cases we form a projecting
beading around the boss of the pulley above referred to which we surround by a
grooved circular recess formed upon or secured to the stud upon which the pulley
rotates. The lubricating material thrown off the beading before referred to will
pass into the circular recess and may by means of suitable channels be conducted
back to the stud aforesaid.
66
21
A further part of our invention relates to apparatus or appliances for shaping
or forming medallions or other similar articles and used in conjunction with
lathes of the class before referred to having two mandrels and this part of our
invention consists in arrangements by which we prevent "distortion when the
medallion being produced is larger or smaller in size than the one which is being
employed as a copy.
To accomplish this part of our invention we form the lever placed intermediate
between the lever carrying the style and the lever carrying the cutting tool, with
two projecting shaped ends and place the axis upon which such lever turns at
right angles to the plane passing through the axis of the spindle which carries the
cutting tool and the axis of the spindle which carries the style. When the
apparatus is being employed for producing enlarged or reduced copies the ends of
the levers projecting from the axles which carry the cutting tool and style and
which are forced into contact with the projecting shaped ends of the levers
before referred to will move along the respective portions of the L shaped levers
and will so transmit the motion from the style to the cutter that the reduced or
enlarged copy will be produced without being distorted.
According to another method of accomplishing this part of our invention we
employ a plate capable of being turned upon pivots the axes of which are situate
at right angles to the axes of the cutter and style.
The arm by which the style communicates motion acts upon one side of the said
plate and the arm by means of which the cutter receives motion from the style is
situate at the other side of the said plate. The swinging movement of the plate
prevents the copy of the medallion which is being formed upon an enlarged or
reduced scale from being distorted.
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of January 1891.
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Certain Lathes used for Ornamenting and Shaping
Metal, Ivory, Wood, and other Materials.
We, GEORGE BIRCH of Islington Tool Works Islington Grove, Salford, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer and Tool Maker and JESSE LOWE of South
Street Darwen also in the County of Lancaster Watch and Clock Maker do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to certain lathes used for ornamenting and shaping metal,
ivory wood and other materials.
::
22
Our invention relates firstly to arrangements of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with lathes provided with two mandrels by means of which apparatus the
work known as rose engine work" and work similar thereto can be executed
either with "rosettes or with excentrics, cams or cranks or other equivalents for
rosettes. According to this part of our invention we mount upon a carriage
capable of being moved longitudinally upon the lathe bed, brackets in which and
free to be rotated therein is or are a hollow mandrel or hollow mandrels upon which
the rosettes or cams are mounted such rosettes or cams receiving rotary
motion from the back mandrel by means of a shaft or bar. The said "rosettes
or cams act against pins or studs or "rubbers" mounted upon levers carried by
and capable of being oscillated upon studs secured to brackets secured to the
brackets which carry the hollow mandrels before referred to.
::
وو
Each of the pins, studs or rubbers before referred to we so mount upon its
respective lever that it may be raised or lowered relatively to the rosette or cam
acting against it.
The oscillating levers before referred to, we connect by means of connecting
rods to upper and lower slides respectively which slides are mounted upon the
carriage capable of being slidden upon the lathe-bed before referred to.
The upper of the slides before referred to carries the tool or cutter which
operates upon the "work" carried by the "front" spindle. One of the rosettes or
cams before referred to acts upon the lever before mentioned and actuates the
upper slide and the other rosette or cam actuates the lower slide above mentioned.
The rosettes or cams before referred to move the slides previously named in one
direction but the said slides are moved in the opposite direction by means of
springs. The two slides may be caused to move simultaneously or either may be
caused to move alone. The upper slide may be placed at any angle to the axis of
the cam, by which the said upper slide is traversed to and fro but in those cases in
which it is requisite to place the top slide at right angles to the face of the rosette
or cam aforesaid, or at angles approaching a right angle we mount upon a suitable
part of the carriage before referred to or a part carried thereby, a stud upon which
we mount a bell-crank-lever one arm of which we connect by means of a
connecting rod to the upper slide and the other arm of which we connect by means
of a connecting rod to the arm actuated by the "rosette" above mentioned.
The above mentioned connecting rods we so form that they may readily be made
longer or shorter to suit the various positions in which the slides above referred to
may be placed. The levers oscillated by the "rosettes or cams before referred
23
to, we form so that they extend upon each side of the centres upon which they
individually oscillate and also so form them that each of the connecting rods
can be secured to its respective lever in any position within the length of such
lever.
This part of our invention is illustrated in Figs. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 and 6 of the
accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a plan, and Fig. 2 a side elevation of an apparatus constructed according

page_text: 66
to this part of our invention, and adapted for executing the work known as rose
engine work and work similar thereto.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the apparatus with certain parts omitted.
Fig. 4 is a plan showing the manner in which the apparatus is arranged when the
upper slide is placed parallel or nearly parallel to the axis of the "rosette or cam
from which it receives motion.
י,
Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a plan and longitudinal section, showing a portion
.of the connecting rod by which the lower slide is ordinarily actuated and serve to
illustrate the manner in which we make provision for the easy and accurate
adjustment of such connecting rod.
In all of the said figures the same letters of reference are employed to indicate
corresponding parts.
33
22
4
a is a carriage mounted and capable of being moved longitudinally upon the bed a³
of the lathe. Upon the carriage a we mount a bracket a in which, and capable
of being rotated therein, is a hollow mandrel & upon which the rosettes or cams c
are mounted, means consisting in a worm and worm wheel 62 being provided to
enable the relative angular positions of the two rosettes or cams ek to be varied or
adjusted as may be desirable from time to time. The hollow mandrel being so
mounted upon the carriage a as to be in line with the "back mandrel" or "back
spindle, may receive rotary motion from such "back mandrel" or "back spindle "
by means of a shaft or bar connected to such "back mandrel" or "back spindle
and provided with a longitudinal groove or key, or feather with which engages a
key or groove formed in the interior of the hollow mandrel b. The " rosette Or
cam c acts against a pin or stud a mounted in a bleck e, mounted and arranged so
as to be capable of being adjusted and secured in position by means of a screw fin
slides y formed in a lever & mounted upon a shaft i mounted in a bracket j secured
to the bracket a². The " rosette or cam acts against a pin or stud or rubber m
mounted in a block n mounted and arranged so as to be capable of being adjusted
and secured in position by means of a screw o in slides p formed in a lever
mounted upon a shaft mounted in a bracket secured to the bracket al. In the
lever 9 are formed slides in which is mounted a blocks which by means of
a screw t may be adjusted and secured in position. In the block is mounted a
stud which by means of an universal joint is connected to one end of a
connecting rod which at its other end is connected by means of an "universal
joint to the lower slide wo of the apparatus being described which is mounted in
slides a² formed upon the carriage a. In the lever hare formed slides in which
is mounted a block which by means of a screw r¹ may be adjusted and secured in
position. In the block a is mounted a stud which by means of an universal
joint is connected to one end of a connecting rod y which is connected by an
"universal joint" y to the upper slide of the apparatus which is mounted upon
slides 1 formed upon a part 2 capable of being turned and secured in any position
into which it may be turned upon the lower slide w. In the upper slide = are
formed slides in which is mounted a carriage or block 3 which may be provided
with a tool-holder 4 of any suitable kind and is provided with a screw 5 by means
of which it may be moved into and secured in position. Upon the shaft r upon
which the lever q is mounted is secured an arm q2 to which is connected one end of
a spiral spring 6 the other end of which is secured to a hook 7 secured to the
bracket a¹. Upon the shaft upon which the lever is mounted is secured an
arm h² to which is connected one end of a spiral spring 8 the other end of which is
secured to a hook 9 secured to the bracket a¹. The spiral springs 6. 8 tend to
turn the levers q. h in the direction indicated by the arrow A. The movement of
the levers q. in the direction indicated by the arrow A is limited by the
screws with which the arms ²² are respectively provided and which act
respectively in conjunction with stops or projecting parts, formed upon the
brackets respectively. The rosettes ck while revolving, act by their several
projections upon the pins, studs or rubbers d m respectively, and cause the levers hq
22
CC

page_text: respectively to De Lurned in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow A
and as soon as the rosettes cease to prevent the springs S, 6 from moving the
levers in the direction indicated by the arrow A the springs 8, 6 move such
levers h in the direction indicated by the arrow A until the arrival of the pins,
studs, or rubbers d m against the lowest parts of the hollows between the projecting
parts of the rosettes or the arrival of the screws ³ ³ against the stops
or projections. The two slides may be caused to move simultaneously or
either may be caused to move alone. The upper slide may be placed parallel or
at any desired angle to the plane in which is the face of the rosette e but in cases
in which it is requisite to place the top slide at or nearly at a right angle to the
said plane we mount upon a suitable part of the carriage a or upon a part carried
thereby the stud 10 which in Fig. 4 is shown as being mounted in the part 2 upon
which the upper slide may be moved, and upon the stud 10 we mount a bell-
crank-lever 11 one arm 11 of which we connect by means of a connecting rod 12
to the upper slide and the other arm 11 of which we connect by means of the
connecting rod y to the lever actuated by the rosette c. The bell-crank-lever 11
is formed with a slot 11 in which the studs 12 and y² to which the connecting
rods 12 and y are connected, are secured in position according to the positions in
which the slide is required to be placed. The connecting rods »y and 12 are so
made as to be capable of adjustment in length and provided with lock-nuts by which
the adjustment may be maintained, and the connecting rod is in order that it may
readily be adjusted in length or made longer or shorter by definite amounts
provided with portions respectively provided with a right hand screw thread,
and a left hand screw thread of such pitch that the part being turned upon the
portions through a revolution or revolutions, or a part of a revolution as may
be ascertained by the divisions » marked upon the end of the part and by the
index which is mounted in a groove » formed in the portion and moved along
such portion by engaging with a circular grooves formed in the interior of the
part the slide we may be caused to approach or recede from the axis of the front
mandrel of the lathe by any desired distance.
S
";
By means of the screws fo the pins, studs, or rubbers may be raised or lowered
in relation to the rosettes or cams respectively acting upon them. The levers hq
being made to extend on both sides of the shafts upon which they are mounted,
the blocks, may be moved by means of the screws at respectively so that the
connecting rods may be connected to the levers hq, at any points within the
length of such levers hq. By the connecting rod being connected to the slide =
and the connecting rod y being connected to the slide the rosette k may be
caused to actuate the slide and the rosette may be caused to actuate the slide w
and to facilitate such changes in the manner in which the levers qh and slides w z
are connected, provision is made on each slide for connecting rods to be
connected at either side. By means of the apparatus arranged in accordance with
this part of our invention it is possible to produce with great facility rose engine
work and other work of a similar character and to produce many varieties of work
without changing either of the rosettes employed.
::
By the carriage a being moved by means of the leading screw of the lathe which
may be revolved by gearing in a manner such as is hereinafter described or by
hand, while the slides are moved by the rosettes ek spiral patterns of great
variety may be produced upon cylindrical objects mounted upon the main mandrel
of the lathe or between the main mandrel and the tail stock
01' poppet head"
used in conjunction therewith.
**
Although in the accompanying drawings we have shown rosettes c k as being
employed, it is obvious that instead of rosettes ck cans or cranks of any suitable
form or other equivalents for rosettes may be employed. It is also obvious that
instead of two rosettes or cams ck being mounted upon one hollow mandrel b two
or more hollow mandrels provided with rosettes cams or other equivalent parts
mounted in a manner similar to that in which the hollow mandrel above described
is mounted may be employed. If more than two rosettes, cams or other equivalent

page_text: parts are employed it will of course be necessary to employ more than two sets of
levers, connecting rods, and slides, and the manner in which this may be done will
be obvious without further description to persons conversant with machinery for
ornamental turning.
A further part of our invention relates to lathes, of the class in which two
mandrels are employed used for shaping or ornamenting metal, ivory, wood or other
materials, and consists in the employment of a swing arin which we so mount upon
the headstock of the lathe that it may be turned entirely around the axis of the
"main mandrel" such swing arm being capable of carrying carrier or change
wheels by which such "main mandrel" can be geared to the "back"
"secondary mandrel or the said swing arm may carry a wheel or wheels by
means of which the main mandrel may be geared to the leading screw of the said
lathe. We accomplish the object of this portion of our invention by placing the
swing arm before mentioned upon the outside of the headstock of the lathe.
or
This part of our invention is illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8 of the accompanying
drawings, Fig. 7 being an end view and Fig. 8 a front view of such portion of a
lathe as is necessary to illustrate this part of our invention.
13 is the headstock of the lathe, 14 is the main mandrel and 15 is the back or
secondary mandrel. Upon a projecting collar formed upon the outer side of the
headstock 13 we mount a swing arm 16 which is provided with a circular groove
which is shaped in section so as to engage with the head of a bolt which passes
through the end 13 of the headstock 13 and is secured in position by means of a
mut. The swing arm 16 is formed and arranged so that it may when required be
moved except in so far as its movement is prevented by the back mandrel 15,
entirely around the collar upon which it is mounted so that the carrier wheel
or carrier wheels or change-wheels carried thereby may be caused to gear into or
engage with the change wheel mounted upon the back or secondary mandrel 15
or with a change-wheel mounted upon the leading screw 17 of the lathe or with
a change wheel or carrier wheel mounted upon the swing arm 18 mounted upon
the collar through which the leading screw 17 passes. By employing a swing
arm 16 mounted in the manner above described we are enabled to readily cause
the main mandrel 14 of the lathe to be geared or connected to the "back"
secondary mandrel 15 or to be geared or connected to the leading screw 17 of
the lathe. In order that the advantages to be obtained by the use of the swing
arm 16 may be increased we employ when desirable in conjunction therewith a
swing arm 19 which is mounted upon a stud 20 secured to the headstock 13 and
is provided with a slot 19 through which passes a bolt 21 provided with a init
by means of which the swing arm 19 may be secured in any desired position. By
the swing arm 19 being employed in conjunction with the swing arm 16 and by
arranging upon the swing arms 16, 18, and 19, change-wheels and carrier-wheels in
some manner such as is indicated in Figs. 7 and 8 it is possible to readily cause the
leading screw 17 of the lathe, the front or main mandrel 14 and the "back" or
secondary mandrel, to be all geared or connected together and to cause them to
revolve at any desired speed in relation to one another.
or
Instead of being mounted at the back of the main mandrel 14 the swing arm 16
may if desired be mounted at the front of such main mandrel and in such cases
rotary motion will be transmitted from or to the back mandrel 15 to or from the
front mandrel 14 by means of the carrier or change-wheels carried by the swing
arm 16 and rotary motion will be transmitted from or to the main mandrel 14 to or
from the leading screw 17 of the lathe by means of change or carrier wheels at the
back of the headstock 13 in the manner indicated in Figs. 7 and 8.
A further part of our invention relates to the guide pulleys of the "overhead
apparatus" used in lathes for shaping or ornamenting metal, ivory, wood and other
materials and consists in arrangements by means of which we are enabled to
prevent the oil employed for the lubrication of the pulleys before mentioned from
being thrown off such pulleys by their rotation. To accomplish the object of this
part of our invention we prevent the oil from escaping from the outer end of the

page_text: stud upon which each of the pulleys is mounted by means of a cap or cover placed
upon the boss of the pulley and we also form upon each of the pulleys a groove the
open part of which groove is towards the axis around which the said pulley
revolves. When the pulley is revolving one portion of the oil employed to
lubricate such pulley will be retained by the cap before referred to while the
hollow rim formed upon the pulley would form a receptacle to receive the oil
carried outwards by the rotation of the said pulley.
This part of our invention is illustrated by Figs. 9 and 10 of the accompanying
drawings, Fig. 9 being a side view and Fig. 10 a section taken on the plane passing
through the axes of the pulleys shown. 22 is the cap or cover with which cach
pulley 23 is provided at the outer end of its boss 23ª. The cap or cover 22 is
screwed upon the boss 23 of the pulley upon which it is mounted and is provided
in the centre of its end with an orifice 23, through which oil for the lubrication of
the pulley 23 and the stud 24 and sleeve 25 upon which such pulley 23 is mounted
may be supplied from time to time as may be necessary. Each pulley 23 is also
formed with a groove 23° the open part of which is towards the axis around which
the said pulley 23 revolves. Any oil which may collect or be caused during the
revolution of the pulley to collect in the cap or cover 22 will be retained therein
whether the pulley 23 be at rest or be revolving and any oil which may while the
pulley 23 is at rest pass down the face 23d of the pulley 23 and any oil which may
by the revolution of the pulley 23 be carried outwards over the face 23 of the
pulley 23 will while the pulley 23 is revolving be retained in the groove 23 and
may be removed therefrom from time to time in any suitable manner and if allowed
to accumulate in the groove 23 will only escape therefrom when the pulley 23 is at
rest and thus there is little opportunity for the oil applied to the pulleys 23 and
stud 24 and sleeves 25 to lubricate them to be thrown by the revolution of the
pulleys 23 upon the work being performed in the lathe.
In some cases we form as is indicated in Fig. 11 a projecting beading 23 around
the boss of the pulley 23 above referred to which we surround by a circular
recess 27 formed upon the face of the pulley 23. The lubricating material thrown
off the beading 23 will pass into and be retained by the recess 27 and may be
removed therefrom from time to time.
A further part of our invention relates to apparatus or appliances for shaping or
forming "medallions" or other similar articles and used in conjunction with lathes
of the class before referred to having two mandrels and this part of our invention
consists in arrangements by which we prevent "distortion when the medallion
being produced is larger or smaller in size than the one which is being employed as
a copy.
:
To accomplish this part of our invention we form the lever placed intermediate
between the lever carrying the style and the lever carrying the cutting tool with
two projecting L shaped ends and place the axis upon which such lever turns at
right angles to the axis of the spindle which carries the cutting tool and the axis
of the spindle which carries the style.
When the apparatus is being employed for producing enlarged or reduced copies
the ends of the levers projecting from the axles which carry the cutting tool and
style which are forced into contact with the projecting L shaped ends of the levers
before referred to will move along the respective portions of the shaped levers
and will so transmit the motion from the style to the cutter that the reduced or
enlarged copy will be produced without being distorted.
This part of our invention is illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 of the accompanying
drawings Fig. 12 being an elevation of such portion of an apparatus or appliance
for shaping or forming medallions or other similar articles as is necessary to
illustrate this part of our invention as seen from the headstock of the lathe to
which it is applied. Fig. 13 is an elevation of that which is shown in Fig. 12 as
seen from the front of the lathe to which the apparatus or appliance is applied.
28 is the lever which is placed intermediate between the lever 29 which carries the

page_text: style and the lever 30 which carries the cutting tool. The lever 28 we form with
two projecting L shaped ends 28", 28b, and we so place the centres 31, 31, between
which the lever 28 turns at right angles to the axis of the spindle 32 the arm 29
secured upon which carries the style and at right angles to the axis of the
spindle 33 the arm 30 secured upon which carries the cutting tool. As is indicated
in the accompanying drawings the spindles 32, and 33 are carried between
centres 34, 35, respectively mounted in standards upon carriages 36, 37, arranged
to be moved into and secured in position upon guides 38, 38, by means of
screws 39, 40 respectively.
The centres 31, 31, which support the lever 28 are mounted in brackets 41, 41
secured to the carriage 36, which carries the spindle 32 carrying the style but it is
obvious that the lever 28 might if suitable arrangements were made be carried by
the carriage 37 which carries the spindle 33 carrying the cutting tool. Upon the
spindle 32 which carries the style is secured an arm 42 upon which is secured a
bracket 43 carrying a roller 44 which bears against the shaped arm 28" of the
lever 28 and to the spindle 33 upon which is secured the arm 30 which carries the
cutting tool is secured an arm 45 upon which is secured a bracket 46 provided with
a roller bearing against the L shaped end 28" of the lever 28. Against the arm 30
which carries the cutting tool bears a roller 46" mounted upon the free end of a
spring 47 secured to the carriage 37 which spring 47 serves to press the cutting
tool against the object to be operated upon and to press the style against the
medallion or other object serving as a pattern. As the parts of the L shaped
ends 28 28" of the lever 28 against which the rollers mounted upon the arms 42, 45
respectively secured upon the axles 32, 33, which carry the arms 29 30 carrying
the cutting tool and style are, in all positions of the lever 28 and in all positions of
the said rollers, at approximately the same distance from the axis about which the
lever 28 turns, changes in the relative positions of the brackets 43, 46, made with
the object of causing the medallion or other object being copied to be copied upon
a larger or smaller scale, do not cause appreciable distortion in the copy produced
by the action of the cutting tool.
According to another method of accomplishing this part of our invention we
employ a plate capable of being turned upon pivots the axes of which are situate
at right angles to the axes of the cutter and style. The arm by which the style
communicates motion acts upon one side of the said plate and the arm by means of
which the cutter receives motion from the style is situate at the other side of the
said plate. The swinging movement of the plate prevents the copy of the medallion
which is being formed upon an enlarged or reduced scale from being distorted.
This part of our invention is illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15 of the accompanying
drawings Fig. 14 being an elevation of such portion of an apparatus or appliance
for shaping or forming medallions or other similar articles as is necessary to
illustrate this part of our invention as seen from the headstock of the lathe to
which the apparatus is applied. Fig. 15 is an elevation partly in section of that
which is shown in Fig. 14. taken on the plane indicated by the line B B of Fig. 14.
In Figs. 14 and 15 48 is the axle upon an arm 48" secured to which the style
employed is mounted and 49 is the axle upon which is mounted the arm 49"
carrying the cutting tool. Upon the arm 50 which is mounted upon the axle 48 is
secured a bracket 51 provided with a roller 52 which bears against one side of a
plate 53 supported by centres 54, 54 carried by brackets 55 secured to the
carriage 56 upon which the axle 48 is mounted which carriage 56 may be moved
and secured in position upon slides 57 by means of a screw 58. It is obvious that
the centres by which the plate 53 is supported could be mounted upon the
carriage 59 upon which the axle 49 is mounted which carriage 59 may be moved
and secured in position upon the slides 57, by means of the screw 60. Against the
other side of the plate 53 bears a roller 61 carried by a bracket 62 mounted upon
an arm 63 secured to the axle 49. The arm 49ª which carries the cutting tool
which is not shown in Figs. 14 and 15 is acted upon by a spring in such manner

page_text: that the said cutting tool will be pressed against the material to be operated upon.
The said spring by so acting upon the said arm will cause the roller 61 to be
pressed against the plate 53 and cause such plate 53 to be pressed against the
roller 52 in such manner that the movement imparted to the style by the medallion
or other article being copied will be imparted to the cutting tool. In order that
the movements of the cutting tool may be in the same direction as those of the
style it is necessary that in the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15 the
arm 49 upon which the cutting tool is mounted should be directed in the direction
opposite to that in which the arm 48" carrying the style is directed. The points at
which the rollers 52, 61 are in contact with the plate 53 being always at the same
or approximately the same distance from the straight line passing through the
centres 54 upon which the plate 53 is mounted in whatever positions upon the
arms 50, 63 the brackets 51, 62 may be placed the movements imparted to the style
are so transmitted to the cutting tool that little or no distortion is produced in the
copy produced by the action of the said cutting tool.
Although we have hereinbefore described several parts of our invention as
applied only to lathes provided with two mandrels we would have it understood
that such parts of our invention are also applicable to lathes having only one
mandrel if any suitable appliance equivalent to a second mandrel be applied
thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be formed we declare that what we
claim is :-
66
rose
1. The hereinbefore described arrangement of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with lathes for the purpose of producing work of the kind known as
engine work and work similar thereto, constructed, arranged, employed and
operating substantially in the manner hereinbefore described in reference to
Figs. 1. 2. 3. and 4. of the accompanying drawings.
rose
2. In the hereinbefore described arrangement of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with lathes for the purpose of producing work of the kind known as
engine work" and work similar thereto levers such as h and extending on both
sides of the centres on which they are respectively mounted and provided with
means by which the connecting rods to be used therewith may be connected at any
points within the length of such levers and with means by which the pins, studs or
rubbers mounted upon such levers and acted upon by the rosettes or cams or other
equivalent parts may be moved in position upon the said levers and y for the
purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore described in reference to and
indicated in and by Figs. 1. 2. 3. and 4. of the accompanying drawings.
3. In the hereinbefore described arrangement of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with a lathe for the purpose of producing work of the kind known as
rose engine work" and work similar thereto a hollow mandrel or hollow mandrels
such as hearing rosettes or cams or equivalent parts and receiving motion from
the "back" or "secondary "mandrel and operating substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein before described in reference to and indicated in and by
Figs. 1. 2. 3. and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
"
4. In the hereinbefore described arrangement of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with a lathe for the purpose of producing work of the kind known as
"rose engine work and work similar thereto slides such as w and one of which
is adapted to be placed at any angle in relation to the other and operated by means
of connecting rods receiving motion from levers actuated by rosettes, cams or other
equivalent parts substantially in the manner hereinbefore described in reference to
and indicated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In the herein before described arrangement of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with a lathe for the purpose of producing work known as rose engine
work” and work similar thereto, a connecting rod such as v provided with means
B

page_text: such as are herein before described in reference to and indicated in and by Figs. 1.
2. 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings for enabling adjustments and alterations
in the length of such connecting rod to be readily and accurately made.
<E
6. In the hereinbefore described arrangement of apparatus to be used in con-
junction with a lathe for the purpose of producing work known as rose engine
work" and work similar thereto a bell-crank-lever such as 10 for use in the manner
herein before described in reference to and indicated in and by Fig. 4. of the
accompanying drawings for the purpose of enabling motion to be imparted to the
upper slide when such slide is placed at right angles or nearly at right angles
to the face of the rosette or cam from which it receives motion.
7. In a lathe to be employed in ornamenting and shaping metal, ivory, wood and
other materials a swing arm such as 16 mounted upon the outside of the head-stock
of such lathe and arranged to swing entirely around the front or main mandrel of
such lathe for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore described
in reference to and indicated in and by Figs. 7 and 8 of the accompanying
drawings.
8. In a lathe to be employed in ornamenting and shaping metal, ivory, wood and
other materials the combination of a swing arm such as 16 mounted upon the
outside of the head-stock of such lathe and arranged to swing entirely around the
front or main mandrel of such lathe and a swing arm such as 19 employed in-con-
junction with the swing arm 16 for the purposes and substantially in the manner
herein before described in reference to and indicated in and by Figs. 7 and 8 of the
accompanying drawings.
9. In guide pulleys for use in the "over-head apparatus" used in lathes for
shaping or ornamenting metal, ivory, wood and other materials the hereinbefore
described arrangements for preventing the oil employed to lubricate such pulleys
from being thrown off such pulleys by their rotation which consist in caps such
as 22 secured upon the outer end of one of the bosses of each of such pulleys and
a groove 23 formed around one of the faces of each of such pulleys and turned
towards the axis around which such pulley revolves substantially in the manner
hereinbefore described in reference to and indicated by and in Figs. 9 and 10 of
the accompanying drawings.
10. In guide pulleys for use in the "over-head apparatus" used in lathes for
shaping or ornamenting metal, ivory, wood and other materials the herein before
described arrangements for preventing the oil employed to lubricate such pulleys
from being thrown off such pulleys by their rotation which consist in caps such
as 22 secured upon the outer end of one of the bosses of each of such pulleys and a
projecting beading 23 and a circular recess 27 formed upon one of the faces of
cach of such pulleys substantially in the manner hereinbefore described in reference
to and indicated in and by Figure 11 of the accompanying drawings.
11. In an apparatus or appliance for shaping or forming "medallions" or other
similar articles and used in conjunction with a lathe of the class hereinbefore
referred to a lever such as 28 provided with two projecting | shaped ends such
as 28 and 28 and mounted so that the axis about which it turns is at right angles
to the axis of the spindle which carries the cutting tool and at right angles to the
axis of the spindle which carries the style substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described and indicated in and by Figs. 12 and 13 of the accompanying drawings
and for the purpose of preventing distortion when the medallion being produced is
larger or smaller in size than the one which is being employed as a copy.
12. In an apparatus or appliance for shaping or forming "medallions" or other
similar articles and used in conjunction with a lathe of the class hereinbefore
referred to a plate such as 53 mounted upon centres so that the axis about which it
may swing is at right angles to the axis of the spindle which carries the cutting
tool and at right angles to the axis of the spindle which carries the style substan-
tially in the manner hereinbefore described and indicated in and by Figs. 14 and 15
of the accompanying swings and for the purpose of preventing distortion when

page_text: the medallion being produced is larger or smaller in size than the one which is
being employed as a copy.
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of October 1891.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicants.