A New and Improved Miter Outting Machine.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 13th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 19th Jan.,
1895
A New and Improved Miter Outting Machine.
I, WILLIAM GEORGE GASS of Atlas Foundry, Nelson Street, Great Lever,
near Bolton in the County of Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a new and improved wood cutting machine of the type
known as mitering machines, to be worked by hand, for cutting either square, or at
any angle, the wood on which the machine is operating. It also relates to a now
and improved device by means of which a cut can be taken at an angle to the
ordinary cutting of the machine. This new and improved machine consists of a
table accurately faced on its upper surface, hereinafter referred to as the 'table,'
hav ing a second sniface at right angles to the mam si face. Part of, and forming
a continuation of this table, is a long bracket, the bottom of which is suitably
shaped to bolt to a pedestal plate, the said pedestal plate forming a support of foot
to cay the whole machine. Pivoted at the bottom of this bracket, and at as
great a distance from the upper surface of the 'table' as possible is a lever-
afterwards referred to as the 'lever'-carrying at its upper end two cutters or
knives set at a suitable angle to the centre line of the said 'lever' and secured
thereto by bolts or set screns.
At a point in the 'lever' just below the upper surface of the table is a facing
which works against the beforementioned second surface of the table,' so that, as
the lever' swings on its pin or fulcrum, the cutting edges of the entteis or knives
pass as closely as possible the edge of the upper surface of the table.' In order
that this lever' may be kept up to its position a frame is suitably secured to the
table, and provided with a bearing surface which is set up to a bearing surface on
the lever on the opposite side to that on which the cutters or knives are secued.
The leve then works between three facings, two on one side and one on the
other, thus causing the lever to pass through a tine plane in its movement.
Motion is given to the said 'lever' by a pinion wheel secured on a shaft, the said
shaft being carried in a suitable bearing secured to the framework of the machine,
and the said pinion gearing into a circular rack firmly secured to the 'lever.'
Secmed to the beforementioned shaft is a boss or centre piece which has
attached to it a number of handles-more than one-by preference three-s0
that the operator has always one handle in position for working the machine.
Suitable means are provided to prevent the knives catching the person at work on
the machine.
At two points on the 'table' are placed guides or guaids, hereinafter referred
to as the guides,' for the timber which is being operated on, and so constructed as
to be capable of moving through a portion of a revolution round a point, which is
coincident with the edge of the main surface of 'table,' along which the cutters or
knives previously referred to pass.
These guides are provided at their upper end with a boss, having a hole
there, into which fits a pin forming the centre on which the guide makes its
movement-the said pin being adjustable to and from the edge against which
the cutter or knives work, in the fiame which carries the said pins.
Or it may he necessary to form the pin round which the 'guide' revolves onto
the guide itselt, and to make the socket or bearing for the said pin carried by the
frame and adjustable to and from the cutters of knives in a similar manue

page_text: Each
The guides are secured in a position desued, by a suitable bolt moving in a
circular slot in the table-attached to the head of the bolt is an extension spring,
which, when the retaining nut is slacked, pulls the bolt head away from its facing
and allows the 'guide' to have a perfectly free movement for resetting.
'guide' is provided with a faced portion into which suitable holes are tapped for
the purpose of carrying by means of a thumb screw, a cross guide. This cross
guide can be fixed at any point along these two surfaces, and forms a third guide
for the purpose of cutting mitres at any angle as desued to those formed by the
main guides. Means are also provided for carrying additional guides where
required.
$
Dated this 3rd day of October 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New and Improved Miter Cutting Machine.
I, WILLIAM GEORGE GASS of Atlas Foundry Nelson Street Great Lever
near Bolton in the County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a new and improved form of wood cutting machine
known as mitreing machine and intended to be worked by hand. It also relates
to a new and improved device for cutting across at an angle to the ordinary cut of
the machine.
On reference to the accompanying drawings
(Fig. 1) is a front elevation of the complete machine
(Fig. 2) is a vertical section of the same machine
(Fig. 3) is a perspective view of top of machine shewing the method of applying
the gange for cross cutting
(Fig. 4) is a detail view of the gauge for cross cutting
In each of the views the same letter applies to similar parts. The machine
consists of a table A accurately machined on its upper surface. Formed where
possible all in one piece, with the table A. is the upught B which rests on the base
plate c, said baseplate being by preference cicular in plan-to which said
upright B is bolted by the bolt C As far away from the surface of the table A as
practicable is the stud D securely fastened to the upright B by the nut d³, and
provided with lock nuts dd', fiee to move on the stud D is the upright lever or
swinging arm E E. Th's swinging arm EE carries at its upper extremity the
kmves FF securely fastened by suitable bolts . The cutting edges of
kuives FF are approximately at an angle of 45° to the central line of swinging
lever E E. On the swinging am EE are formed the facings e¹, e², eª, (Fig. 2) all
said facings being machined accurately true with one another, and the facing e
being so proportioned as to be almost exactly in the same plane as the cutting
edges of the knives F F when said knives are secured in place. On the upright
portion of B are formed two facings &, both of which are as nearly as possible
in the same plane. The facing at B extends almost the full length of the table A
(Fig. 1) and the facing being cncular.
Firmly secured to the upper part of the table A at a & a is the fiame G G
which is extended at each end gg to form a cover for the points of the knives as
they come to the cuds of the movement On this frame G G is formed a
facing g', g' shewn in dotted lines (Fig 1) which is accurately machined for the
facing e of swinging arm EE to work against. Attached to the upright Bat b-b
18 the fender fixing II H carrying the bearing for the small shaft K. This

page_text: shaft K has at one end the pinion M and at the other the boss N both firmly
secured thereto & having the three auns n, n, n secured to said boss N with bolts
or other suitable means, & which act as handles for the operation of the machine
The pinion M gears into the internal segment P. This segment is struck from a
center comcident with the center of the stud D so as to keep in gear at all points
of its movement with the pinion M and is firmly secured by suitable means to
swinging arm E E. At two points on the table A are centered two guides R. R
which swing on points respectively comcident with the edge of the table; the
guides R, R move on the studa S, S, which are secured in place by suitable nuts &
threads, and adjustable to and from the plane of the edge of table A in slots
formed in the top of fiame G. G. The said guides are formed at an angle, which
1s an acute angle, the apex of which coincides with the center of the studs S S.
In the table A are two slots a-a forming part of a circle the center of which is
comcident as nearly as possible with the edge of table A and center of the
studs S S. Loosely fitting in these slots are bolts having square necks, to prevent
said bolts turning round, but at the same time loose enough to allow free move-
ment in the slot, each bolt passes through a hole in bosses of, formed on the
backs of the guides R, R respectively, and is provided at the upper portion with
handles, by which the guides R, R can be clamped in any position required:
to the lower end of each of the bolts r, is secured a tension spring,, the other
end of said spring being secured to a suitable point of upright B. The action of
the spring is to pull the head of the bolt r, away from its facing when released
and so allow guide R to move easily. On RR are formed facings r,, on which
a cross cutting gauge T is secured by thumb screws t, t. Ioles are also provided
in table A so that the gauge T can be used for other purposes The action of the
machine is as follows-When motion is given to pinion M through handles n, m, n,
it causes segment P to move and canes with it the swinging am EE, which
moves round the center of stud D, and so causes the cutting edges of FF to more
through an arc of a circle they are prevented moving too far by stops placed on
swinging aim EE striking against the inside edges of fender fixing II. H. Now
on releience to Fig. 2 it will be seen that the swinging arm EE is constrained to
move in a straight path owing to the position of the three facings g', 6' and the
facing on lock nut d and as of these facings g and facing of lock nut d are capablo
of adjustment the cutting edges of knives FF car be always kept up to their work,
and a piece of timber placed against guide R will be cut in that plane through
which the knives FF move. By placing the cross gauge T in the position shewn
in Figs. 2 & 3, a piece of timber placed as shewn in dotted lines the whole width of
the machine, can be mitred the angle of the mitre depending on the position of
cross gauge T with regard to surface of table A. Gange T is capable of being
placed at any point on the facings 2, Although have mentioned three
handles n, n, n for manipulating this machine; it may be worked with one, with
slight modifications-but three for general work are preferable.
I am aware that miticing machines having a cutter or knife moving around a
central point are not now & do not claim this broadly but what I do claim & wish
to protect by Letters Patent is,
1st. In a mitreing machine the combination of the table A, upright B, swinging
arm EE, having facings e, e³, e³, huives FF, frame GG, stud D, having lock
nuts d, d', & base plate c, all substantially as & for the purpose specified.
2nd. In a mitreing machine the combination of the table A, upright B, swinging
arm E E, knives FF, internal segment P, fender fixing II H, pinion M, shaft K,
aud boss N, having thiee handles a, a, n, all substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
3rd. In a mitrcing machine the combination of the table A, swinging arm E E,
knives FF, fiame G, G, studs S S, guides R R, bolts rr, handles ³, springs,
all substantially as and for the purpose specihed.

page_text: 4th. In a mitreing machine having moving knives the combination of tho
guides RR, having facings, with the closs cutting gauge T, capable of
adjustment on said faces, all as & for the purpose specified.
5th. A mitreing machine constructed substantially as specified.
Dated this 12th day of December 1894.
WILLIAM GEORGE GASS.