IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR GRINDING PLANER KNIVES OR CUTTERS AND SIMILAR EDGE TOOLS to be as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
I, GEORGE RICHARDS, Engineer, of Atlantic Works, Broadheath, in the County.
of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR GRINDING PLANER KNIVES OR CUTTERS AND SIMILAR EDGE TOOLS
to be as follows :-
"
This invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding planer knives
or cutters and similar edge tools.
•
The object of the invention is to diminish the liability of burning or injuring
the cutters by the rapid rotary movement of the emery or other suitable grinding
wheel in contact therewith. This is accomplished by arranging the emery wheel
so that its contact with the cutter will be only a hair line, and by imparting to
said wheel, while in rotation, a constant side motion over the work, through the
medium of a worm and wheel on the end of the driving shaft, and an eccentric
link that connects with the frame in which the emery wheel is supported.
The knife carrying table is reciprocated beneath the emery wheel by a steel or
other suitable cord that passes around a small drum on a shaft that is actuated by
appropriate gearing from the main driving shaft. Means are provided for regu-
lating the tension of the band or cord. The rapid reciprocation of the table still
further diminishes the liability of burning the cutters. The table is driven in
either direction by means of two gears acting alternately on the opposite faces
of a double faced driving gear, suitable reversing levers being provided; or the
reversing can be accomplished automatically by means of adjustable tappets on
the table. The jar is relieved by a spring against which the tappets strike. - This
driving arrangement enables the table to be rapidly reciprocated and permits it to
be reversed or stopped without interfering with the action of the other parts of
the machine.
The surface of the reciprocating table is hollowed or recessed for the reception
of an adjustable knife or cutter holding device of any suitable construction. This
knife holder is pivotted or centred in standards carried by the table, and is
provided with adjusting screws or devices by which it can be arranged at any
desired angle according to the bevel to be given to the planer knife or cutter. The
TD B71

page_text: holder also carries two or more spring guages or guides which enable the cutter bar
or planer knife to be quickly and accurately placed in position for grinding, the
guages being afterwards turned aside so as not to interfere with the action of tho
grinding wheel.
The grinding wheel is carried by a spindle or headstock that is journalled in a
moveable frame, which is mounted near one end on the main driving shaft. At one
end of the moveable frame is a shiftable counterbalance weight for regulating the
pressure of the emery wheel upon the edge of the tool or surface being ground.
The other end of this moveable frame is vertically adjustable, and it has a cap or
hood for covering the grinding wheel and its headstock or spindle.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
I, GEORGE RICHARDS, Engineer, of Atlantic Works, Broadheath, in the County
of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR GRINDING PLANER KNIVES OR CUTTERS AND SIMILAR EDGE TOOLS
"
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding planer knives
or cutters and similar edge tools.
The object of the invention is to diminish the liability of burning or injuring
the cutters by the rapid rotary movement of the emery or other suitable grinding
wheel in contact therewith. This is accomplished by arranging the emery wheel so
that its contact with the cutter will be only a hair line, and by imparting to said
wheel, while in rotation, a 'constant side motion over the work, through the medium
of a worm and wheel on the end of the driving shaft, and an eccentric link that
connects with the frame in which the emery wheel is supported. The knife carrying
table is reciprocated beneath the emery wheel by a steel or other suitable cord that
passes around a small drum on a shaft that is actuated by appropriate gearing from
the main driving shaft. The rapid reciprocation of the table still further diminishes
the liability of burning the cutters. The table is driven in either direction by
means of two gears acting alternately on the opposite faces of a double faced
driving gear, suitable reversing levers being provided, or the reversing can bo
accomplished automatically by means of adjustablo tappets on the table. The jar
is relieved by a spring against which the tappets strike.
My invention consists in the construction, arrangement, and combination of parts,
whereby the danger of burning or injuring the cutter while being ground is reduced
to a minimum, as hereinafter more specifically set forth.
In the annexed drawings illustrating the invention,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved grinding machine.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section on the line x, x, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of the knife holder and connections.
Fig. 5 is a sectional detail illustrating the mechanism for imparting a laterally
reciprocating or sideways movement to the grinding wheel.
Fig. 6 is a section on the line y, y, of Fig. 5.
Like letters of reference will bo used to designate like parts throughout the
several views.
The frame A of the machine is preferably in the form of a pedestal, and supports
a reciprocating table B, that carries the knife or cutter holding devices. This table
is actuated by means of a steel band or wire rope a connected to each end of the
table, and passed centrally around a small drum b that is located in the upper part
of the pedestal. Tension devices consisting of a set-screw or a pawl and ratchet
wheel d, either or both, at opposite ends of the table, as shown in Figa. 1 and 7,
are provided for regulating or adjusting the tension of the driving band or ropo a.
Laichle Good fintion

page_text: °
gear C, which is alternately rotated in opposite directions by means of the small
friction gears f, g, that are journalod in the bracket D, which is carried at one end
of a rock shaft E, projecting from the side of the machine, as shown in Figs. 2
and 3.
The friction gears or pulleys f, g, are driven by belting from the main driving
shaft F, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1.
On the opposite end of the rock shaft E carrying the bracket D, is a reversing
lever G by which the rock shaft can be turned so as to cause either the gear for
the gear g to bear against the large gear C. As one of theso gears f, is arranged
to bear against the periphery of the large friction gear C, and the other is capable
of bearing against its inner circumference it will be seen that by shifting the
lever G, the gear C and drum b can be rotated in either direction at will. In order
to provide for an automatic reciprocation of the table B, a pair of adjustable
tappets h, h, are detachably secured to one of its sides, so as to come alternately in
contact with the lever G, thereby shifting the same and producing through the
rock shaft E, drum b, and their connections, a rapid automatic reciprocation of the
table. A spring i is attached to the lever G, against which the tappets strike,
thereby avoiding jar.
A counterbalance lever H, carrying a shiftable weight I is fulcrummed at j, and
has a bevelled or wedge-shaped point or surface on an attached arm K, that is
capable of engaging a similar surface at the lower end of the lever G, as shown in
Fig. 1, thus holding the gear for the gear g, as may be, in contact with the large
friction gear C; or the gears fand g may both be held away from the large gear
by inserting between the pointed surfaces of the lever G and arm K on lover H, a
double grooved piece. It will thus be seen that the table B is not only capable of.
a rapid automatically reciprocating motion, but that its movement can be reversed
or stopped at will, without interfering with the action of other parts of the
machine.
The surface of the reciprocating table B is hollowed or recessed as shown in
Fig. 3, for reception of an adjustable knife or cutter holding device J; of any suitable
construction.
This knife holder J is pivoted or centred at m, Figs. 1, 3 and 4, in standards n, n,
carried by the table, and is provided with adjusting screws or devices 2, by which
it can be arranged at any desired angle according to the bevel to be given to the
planer knife or cutter. The holder Jalso carries two or more spring guages or
guides, the construction of which is shown in Fig. 4. It will be seen that by
those guages the cutter bar or planer knife Z can be quickly and accurately placed
in position for grinding. After the bar, cutter or knife has been secured to the
holder J by means of screws.8, 8, passed through the usual slots in said bar or.
cutter, the guages k, k, will be turned aside so as not to interfere with the action
of the grinding wheel.
"
The frame A supports at one end standards L, L, that afford bearings for the
main driving shaft F, which carries pulleys M, and a driving wheel N for actuating
the grinding wheel O; the latter being carried by a spindle or headstock P, that is
journaled in a moveable frame Q, which is mounted on the main driving shaft. At
one end of the moveable frame Q is a shiftable counterbalanco weight R for regu-
lating the pressure of the emery wheel O, upon the edge of the tool or surface
being ground. The other end of this moveable frame Q is vertically adjustable
by means of a screw t that is loosely supported in a standard S connected to the
main frame of the machine. The frame Q is provided with a slot or gap U, Fig. 2,
in which the driving wheel N rotates, and it also has a cap or hood T for covering
the grinding wheel O, and its headstock or spindle P as shown in Fig. 3.
It will be observed that the frame Q and the parts carried thereon have a slight
lateral movement or reciprocation by means of a small worm and eccentric
'wheel w, at one end of the driving shaft F, the eccentric wheel w being connected
by means of links r, r, to some fixed portion of the machine, preferably the
standards L. A slight lateral reciprocation is thus imparted to the emery grinding

page_text: wheel O, while being rotated over the surface of the work, and this movement of
the grinding wheel in connection with its yielding pressure on the work, and the
rapid reciprocations of the knife carrying table reduces the chances of injuring
the cutter blades to a minimum, and at the same time results in producing a
uniform cutting surface or edge.
By reference to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the headstock or spindle P that carries
the grinding wheel, is provided with conical journals that have corresponding
bearings in the lubricating chambers u, u, and with provision for adjusting the
parts and compensating for wear as may be required.
The operation and advantages of the machine will be readily understood from the
foregoing description and need not be further explained,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a machine for grinding planer cutters or similar knives, the combination
with a reciprocating table and a knife holder mounted thereon, of a grinding wheel
having a lateral reciprocation, substantially as described.
2. In a machine for grinding cutters or knives, the combination with the grinding
mechanism and a reciprocating table, of an adjustable knife or cutter holder
mounted on said table and provided with guages or guides for facilitating the
placing of the work, substantially as described.
3. In a machine for grinding cutters or knives, the combination of the table B
having adjustable knife holder J and tappets h, h, the drum b. cord or banda,
shaft e, friction gears C, f, and g, rock shaft E having a bracket for supporting tho
small gears and g, the reversing lever G having a spring i, the counterbalance
lever H, and means for actuating the gears, whereby a rapid automatically recipro-
cating movement is imparted to the table, substantially as described.
4. In a machine for grinding cutters or knives, the combination with the main
driving shaft F and the grinding wheel O mounted on a spindle or shaft P that is
actuated from said driving shaft, of the moveable frame Qmounted on the main
shaft and having a counterbalance weight R, adjusting screw t and a hood T,
substantially as described.
5. In a machine for grinding cutters or knives, the combination of the
main frame A, having standards L, L, the main driving shaft F, the moveable
framo Q carrying the grinding wheel O and means of imparting a constant
lateral movement to said grinding wheel during it rotation, substantially as
described.
6. In a machine for grinding cutters or knives, the combination of the main
frame A, moveable frame Q, grinding wheel O mounted in said moveable frame,
driving shaft F, worm v and eccentric wheel w connected to the end of said shaft,
and the links r, r, whereby a lateral reciprocation is imparted to the frame Q and
its accompaniments, substantially as described.
7. In a machine for grinding cutters or knives, the combination of the main
frame A, reciprocating table B, knife holder J mounted adjustably on said table,
main driving shaft F having pulleys M, N, and worm gear v, w, the moveablo
framo Q, and the grinding wheel O mounted in said moveable frame, substantially
as described.