IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, HAVING Roof AND PARTICULAR RAILWAY CARRIAGE SIMILAR REFERENCE ΤΟ LAMPS "
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Henry Bulpitt, trading as Bulpitt and Sons, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Lainp Manufacturer and Tin
Plate Worker, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, HAVING
Roof AND
PARTICULAR
RAILWAY CARRIAGE
SIMILAR
REFERENCE ΤΟ
LAMPS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Henry Bulpitt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th June 1881.
WALTER HENRY BULPITT, trading as Bulpitt and Sons, of Birmingham, in the
"IMPROVEMENTS
County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturer and Tin Plate Worker.
IN LAMPS, HAVING PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO RAILWAY CARRIAGE ROOF AND
SIMILAR LAMPS."
My Invention has for its object improvements in lamps, but having particular
reference to railway carriage roof and similar lamps, by which the ventilation is
rendered more complete, so that I am enabled to burn petroleum or other volatile
oils in such lamps as those used in the roofs of railway carriages and ships' cabins
and other lamps. This Invention relates more to the protecting or outer cases of
lamps than to the actual body and burner part of the lamp, which was the subject
of my former Invention for which I obtained Provisional Protection, dated 1st Feb.
1881, No. 433, and the present Invention would generally be used in conjunction
with the body part of the lamps therein set forth, but it would also be applicable to
other lamp bodies.
The first part of my Invention has reference to the guard glass used to protect
the roof lamps of railway carriages and lainps used in similar positions, and consists
in the peculiar shape of the lower part, which is pierced with a ventilating hole or
holes for the purpose of supplying air to the lamp and to lessen the downward
The bottom part of the
currents of air when subjected to high winds externally.
glass is bulged upwards internally which serves as a bell mouthed guide for the air
and as a protection against any oil running down into the carriage which may
accumulate inside the lamp from overflow. I prefer to form the glass with con-
siderable hole having its edges turned upwards.
This hole I cover both externally

page_text: and internally with a metallic perforated plate, the perforations of the under plate
not being opposite the perforations of the upper plate, which prevents anyone
tampering with the lamp from the insido of the carriages; or a cover guard may
be placed over the holo with its edge turning downwards, which answers the same
purpose. The underside of these glasses may be bulged downwards with several
bulges, or put so that when the lamps are standing on the floor there will be an
admittance of a certain amount of air to keep the lamp burning properly.
The second part of my Invention relates to the upper part of the lamp casing or
that part actually above the body and the burner of the lamp, and yet forming a
part of the complete lamp.
My lamp is suspended under the reflector by two light rods which are fastened
into a plate at the back of the said reflector, this back plate rises in a conical
shape against the chimney, which projects downwards some distance, and the conical
back plate is perforated with air holes; I also form a chamber around the inside of
the case which receives nir externally under the projecting top lip of the said casing,
the inner casing being liberally perforated all around, so that by these means the
lamp is kept very cool and all danger avoided of firing the roofs.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Walter Henry Bulpitt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
December 1881.
WALTER HENRY BULPITT, trading as Bulpitt & Sons, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturer and Tin Plate Worker. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS, HAVING PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO RAILWAY CARRIAGE ROOF AND
OTHER LAMPS."
My Invention has for its object improvements in lamps, but having particular
reference to railway carriage roof and similar lamps by which the ventilation is
rendered more complete, so that I am enabled to burn petroleum or other volatile
oils in such lamps as those used in the roofs of railway carriages and ships' cabins
and other lamps. This Invention relates more to the protecting or outer cases of
lamps than to the actual body and burner part of the lamp, which was the subject
of my former Invention, numbered 433 of this year, and the present Invention
would generally be used in conjunction with the body part of the lamps therein
set forth, but it would also be applicable to other lamp bodies.
The first part of my Invention has reference to the guard glass used to protect
the roof lamps of railway carriages and lamps used in similar positions, and
consists in the peculiar shape of the lower part, which is pierced with a ventilating
hole or holes for the purpose of supplying air to the lamp and to lessen the
downward currents of air when subjected to high winds externally. The bottom
part of the glass is bulged upwards internally, which serves as a bell mouthed
guide for the air and as a protection against any oil running down into the carriage
which may accumulate inside the lamp from overflow. I prefer to form the glass
with a considerable hole having its edges turned upwards. This hole I cover both
externally and internally with a metallic perforated plate, the perforations of the
under plate not being opposito the perforations of the upper plate, which prevents
anyone tampering with the lamp from the inside of the carriages; or a cover guard
may be placed over the holo with its edge turned downwards, which answers the
same purpose. The underside of these glasses may be bulged downwards, with
several bulges, or put so that when the lamps are standing on the floor there will
be an admittance of a certain amount of air to keep the lamp burning
properly.
The second part of my Invention relates to the upper part of the lamp casing,
or that part actually above the body and the burner of the lamp, and yet forming
a part of the complete lamp.
My lamp is suspended under the reflector by two light rods which are fastened
into a plate at the back of the said reflector; this back plate rises in a conical
shape against the chimney, which projects downwards some distance, and the
conical back plate is perforated with air holes. I also form a chamber around the
inside of the case, which receives air oxternally under the projecting top lip of the
said casing, the inner casing being liberally perforated all around, so that by
theso means the lamp is kept very cool and all danger avoided of firing the
roofs.
I will now proceed to describe my Invention by referring to the accompanying
Drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the entire lamp and its top casing and
protecting glass.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan on the line A, B.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan on the line C, D.
Figure 4 is a part vertical section of a protecting glass showing one modification
of a guard plate e, e, e, for protecting the central air hole D. This guard plato is

page_text: fastened to the metallic ring ff, by the feathers g,g, so that the air enters and
passes around the edge of the guard plate e, as indicated by the arrows.
Now, referring to the principle view, Figure 1, it will be seen that the lamp HI
is supported from the upper part of the lamp case by the hanging rods J, J, so
that the perforations,, of the outer case of the oil reservoir are directly above
the perforated guard plates 1, 2, and 1,, which cover the air hole M in the
protecting glass N. It will be noticed that the bottom part of the protecting glass
is bulged upwards, so as to serve as a bell mouthed guide to the air entering, and
that the holes in the upper plate L, l, and the holes in the lower plate l, l, are not
opposite each other, so that it would be almost impossible to tamper with the lamp
from the inside of the carriage. The projections or ribs n', n', on the glass N
ensure a supply of air from the bottom when the lamp stands on a level place, like
a railway station platform, but these ribs may be substituted by other kinds of
bulges or projections from the glass as may be found most convenient in each
particular case. Figure 2 is a sectional plan on line C, D, showing the upper
covering plate l, l, in plan with the holes in the said plate. Thus a
liberal supply of air may be received through the protecting glass without
inconvenience, as any oil overflowing will settle into the annular recess n², n².
My lamp is suspended from the plate p, p, which is immediately above the
reflector R, and to which the base of the chimney S is also secured. The conical
stiffening plate T is added and might be one with the plate p if desired. It is
perforated with the holes t, t', so as to keep the base of the chimney cool. Air is
received into the lamp by means of the large holes u, u, u, in the lid. Air is also
received into the lamp under the lip V, and through the holes v¹, vl, into the
space w, from which it enters the upper part of the lamp case through the
holes w¹, w'.
Now any air entering the upper part of the lamp case by tho holes w¹, w¹,
or u, u, is free to circulate through the holes t, t', and is also at liberty to pass
down into the lower part of the lamp case through the holes p',', in the plate p.
This air may either go down to the lamp burner or it may turn through the
holes 2,, in the edge of the deflector R, or it may pass around the front of the
deflector and thence into the chimney S. The holes 2 prevent the lamp sucking
when it is lifted out of the case.
The effect of my Invention is that light oils, such as petroleum, may be burnt,
because of the effective mode I have explained of receiving air from the bottom of
the protecting glass, and of so arranging the upper part of the lamp that the lamp
will burn stendily under heavy winds.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner of carrying the same into
practice, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The mode of receiving air to roof and other lamps through the bottom of
the protecting glass, and as shown and illustrated in the Drawings, and as herein
set forth.
Second. The arrangement for ventilating the top of roof and other lamps, and
as herein set forth and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Henry Bulpitt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
WALTER HENRY BULPITI. (L.S.)