AN IMPROVED NUT AND WASHER FOR RAILWAY PERMANENT WAY FASTENINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Edward Milles Marsh, of No. 1, Westminster
Chambers, Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED NUT AND WASHER FOR RAILWAY PERMANENT
WAY FASTENINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 1st July 1879, and dated the 6th January 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Edward Milles
Marsh at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January
1879.
THOMAS EDWARD MILLES MARSH, of No. 1, Westminster Chambers, Victoria
Street, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED NUT AND
WASHER FOR RAILWAY PERMANENT WAY FASTENINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
The nut and washer of the fastening to be used are each or both so formed that
the washer may adjust itself to the direction of the bolt, whether its bearing be
rectangular or oblique to the substance against which it is drawn up. The nut is
also so formed and shaped as to protect the screw threads on the bolt from being
injured or damaged by contact with the washer through which it passes.
To obtain these results the nut is formed with a part thereof projecting so as to
enter a similar shaped hole in the washer through which the bolt passes. The other
part of the nut being of larger dimensions forms a shoulder which bears against the
washer, and is made slightly convex, so that it may adjust itself to the angle of the
washer when screwed up, whether the latter be flat or curved. The projection on
the nut may be polygonal or circular, according to the shape of the hole in the
washer; if of the former shape the nut is thereby restrained from turning round
whilst the bolt is screwed home, and the washer need merely be formed cŕ a plain
plate, whilst if of the latter the nut is restrained by nibs or projections formed on
the washer, as is sometimes now adopted.
In either case the thread of the bolt is thus protected in its passage through the
washer, and preserved from abrasion against the edge of the aperture during the
screwing up or slackening of the bolt, whilst the bearing surface of the washer may
be either rectangular or oblique to the axis of the bolt.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Edward Milles Marsh in the Great Seal Patent Ollice on
the 4th July 1879.
THOMAS EDWARD MILLES MARSH, of No. 1, Westminster Chambers, Victoria
Street, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED NUT AND
WASHER FOR RAILWAY PERMANENT WAY FASTENINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
The nut of the said fastening is so formed and shaped as to protect the screw
thread on the bolt from being injured or damaged by contact with the washer
through which it passes.
The nut and washer are either or both formed in such a manner that the surfaces
in contact between them may be adjusted so as to afford good bearing whether the
axis of the bolt be perpendicular or oblique to the surface against which the washer
is drawn up.
The nut is also restrained from turning round while the bolt is screwed home.
These results are obtained in the manner following :-
The nut is formed with a boss or projection, so as to leave a shoulder or collar
between it and the other part of the nut. This boss or projection enters the hole
in the washer, and thus covers and protects the thread of the bolt in its passage
through the washer, as shewn on the accompanying Drawing, Figures 1, 3, and 4.
The boss or projection may be either polygonal or circular in form, the shape of
the hole in the washer being made to correspond therewith, as shewn in Figures 2
and 5. If of the former shape the nut is thereby restrained from turning round
while the bolt is screwed home, and the washer need merely be formed of a plain
plate, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, whilst if of the latter the nut may be restrained
by ribs or projections formed on the washer, as is sometimes now adopted, see
Figures 3, 4, and 5.
This last method is not claimed as a part of the present Invention.
The shoulder or collar of the nut, or the face of the washer against which it is
brought in contact, is made convex or curved in form, which enables the nut to take
a fair bearing against the washer, whether the bolt stands at right angles or
obliquely to the washer, as shewn in Figures 1, 3, and 4.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Edward Milles Marsh, have hereunto
set my hand and seal. this Second day of July, in the year of our Lord Onc
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
THOMAS EDWARD MILLES MARSH. (L.S.)