IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR FEEDING STEAM BOILERS, AND FOR RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Friedmann at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th July 1872.
I, ALEXANDER FRIEDMANN, of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,
and of London Wall, in the City of London, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS
FOR FEEDING STEAM BOILERS, AND FOR RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS," to-be as
follows:
The objects of my Invention are to make the injectors lift the water
with greater precision than hitherto, and to make them more compact.
Injectors, as is well understood, lift the water at starting by the
action of the needle, such needle being raised a certain height so that
the mouth of the steam nozzle offers to the steam a certain free annular
section which is in a certain proportion to the section of the other
nozzles. Now as it is difficult to lift the needle exactly to the height
by which the best annular section of the steam nozzle is obtained the
action of raising the water is not so certain as it should be. This defect
is overcome by an improved form of needle which I have invented.

page_text: My improved needle possesses as far as the mouth of the steam nozzle
when the injector is shut the same conical shape as in a Giffard's
injector, but from the mouth of the steam nozzle the needle is cylindrical
for a considerable length, and of such a diameter that the difference
between this diameter and the diameter of the mouth of the steam
nozzle is exactly equal to the before-named annular section which best
corresponds with the section of the other nozzles of the injector. Thus
"if an injector provided with my improved needle be started, the needle
can be lifted quickly or slowly without hesitation, for the proper free
annular section of the steam nozzle is invariably determined by the
cylindrical part of the needle, and therefore the lifting action of the
steam is a certainty. The length of the cylindrical portion of the needle
is such that in raising the needle even quickly the lower part of the
cylinder of the needle is in the mouth of the steam nozzle when the
water enters the injector, and that in proceeding to lift the needle the
steam finds the water in the injector when the mouth of the steam
nozzle gets clear of the needle. The steam nozzle being in no way
altered this improvement can readily be applied to existing injectors.
Greater compactness of the injector is obtained by casting the water
valve or water cock on the body of the injector in such a way that the
axis of the said valve or cock is parallel with the axis of the injector
itself. Hitherto the water cock has been sometimes cast on the injector
but their axes have not been parallel; the water cock or valve has also
sometimes had a direction parallel to the axis of the injector, but in this
case they have been screwed and not cast together, and they have
occupied too much space. By casting both together and parallel to each
other great compactness is obtained.
I also so construct the overflow valve that its outlet portion is free
to be turned in various directions without altering the movement or
position of the valve itself. The injector can thus be more easily fitted:
to existing boilers.