Improvements in Incandescence Vapour Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application (in the United Kingdom), Ist Aug., 1896,
Complete Specification Left, 1st May, 1897--Accepted, 3rd July 1897.
Improvements in Incandescence Vapour Lamps.
I, PAUL DOUDART DE LA GREE, of 95 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to an improved portable incandescence lamp burning
mineral oils, for instance the petroleum used for ordinary lamps.
In order to obtain the incandescence by petroleum I vaporize the oil under
pressure and the vapours produced are ignited leaving the burner so as to render
incandescent a mantle placed above the said burner.
My lamp may be divided into four very distinct parts:
(1) Means for giving pressure to the petroleum.
(2) Mechanism for regulating the pressure.
(3) A burner proper.
(4) Mechanism for lighting.
We will successively describe each of these parts of the lamp.
1. MEANS FOR GIVING PRESSURE TO THE PETROLEUM.
The problem to be solved was as follows:-
To exert a pressure upon petroleum contained in a reservoir.
Numerous solutions can be proposed, but they may all be reduced to two, one of
which consists in obtaining this pressure by mechanical means, and the other in
injecting a fluid under pressure into the receptacle above the petroleum.
In the first example the petroleum is placed in a reservoir concealed by a casing
adapted to receive any appropriate ornamentations.
A piston in this cylindrical vessel can be displaced being subjected to the action
of a spring causing the piston to bear constantly upon the petroleum. The pressure
is therefore given to the petroleum by this spring which has its point of support
upon the upper part of the reservoir. The petroleum leaves the reservoir
through a tube which conducts it to the expansion device for regulating the
pressure, which will hereinafter be described in detail.
When the reservoir is empty it is necessary to be able easily to bring the piston
to the upper end of its movement for permitting the filling of the lamp. For this
purpose the piston is attached to a steel plate or other flexible connection which may
be wound upon a drum. Toothed wheels driven by a crank diminish the force which
it is necessary to exert upon this crank for raising the piston to the upper end of its
movement.
The piston moves upwards, works, and moves upwards again, like, that of an
ordinary moderator lamp with the following difference:
In order that petroleum, which is more fluid than most oils, may not rise too easily

page_text: above the piston, tightness at the circumference of the latter is maintained with the
greatest care, not only by means of a slight, friction over a certain length, but
further by means of the stuffing material which is kept in contact with the inner
sides of the cylinder by a segment or any other mechanical means. As regards the
introduction of the liquid, in lieu of being effected at the circumference of the
piston, it takes place through the piston by a valve opening downward.
The petroleum which may, during the time of operation despite the tightness of
the piston, filter through all around the same and pass on the top, will remain at
the top till the next upward movement. To obviate the smells which might arise
from the evaporation, a small band of steel traverses a small stuffing box.
In the second example the whole mechanism which I have herein before described
is dispensed with; the petroleum is always placed in a reservoir into which I also
inject air under pressure by means of any pump. A pin valve placed at the upper
part of the reservoir enables the pressure in the said reservoir to be suppressed
when necessary, for example at the time when the lamp is extinguished.
2. MEANS FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE.
Whatever system may be employed for exerting the pressure upon the petroleum
it will be readily understood that in order to ensure regular operation it is needful to
obviate the decreasing expansion. A means for achieving this result would be
to employ a mechanism analogous to that of Carcel. While reserving the right to
employ this means I will set forth by way of example a simpler, more practical and
less expensive means for obtaining the same result. This consists in placing an
expansion device, through which the petroleum under pressure passes at the point
where it leaves the reservoir. An expansion device on the Torcheboeuf system
made entirely of metal and consequently not affected by mineral oils may be
used. In order to ensure the proper operation of this expansion device it is
accessible to the petroleum only through a very fine metallic sieve.
The chamber of the expansion device is formed by an elastic mantle or well
connected to a block which is fitted to the rod which slides under soft friction
through a fixed stop. The rod carries a valve at its lower end. The fluid enters
the expansion device through the valve and leaves the same in an expanded
condition through an outlet orifice,
Supposing the expansion device to be at rest, the pressure in the chamber is nil
and owing to the elasticity of the wall or casing, the block does not touch the fixed
stop and the valve is open. If a fluid under pressure passes into the chamber, it acts
upon the wall or casing which then rises until the block touches the fixed stop. At
this moment the valve only leaves an opening which is sufficient to cause the fluid
to be expanded up to the required pressure. It is evident that the pressure to which
the fluid is expanded, depends on the height of the fixed stop. It is thus possible
to obtain any degree of expansion.
It is understood that in case there are sufficiently large reservoirs or sufficiently
long springs for the decreasing expansion to become perceptible only at very long
intervals, I reserve the right to dispense with expansion device and have recourse to
more frequent upward movements.
The petroleum on leaving the expansion device traverses a tube containing a
suitable valve for regulating the flame.
3. THE BURNER PROPER.
After having traversed the regulating valve included in the tube, the petroleum
arrives in what I will call the burner proper which is the most important part of the
lamp.
This burner comprises a bent tube which terminates in a butterfly sieve. The
bent, tube is placed in the interior of a casing or sleeves which supports the
lighting collar at its lower part. The casing or sleeve, which has the form of a
cartridge case, is closed at its upper part by a grate through which passes a full
part whose shape is suitable for giving to the flame the form needed for filling up

page_text: the incandescent hood. This full part is united with the bent tube, which in its
turn supports the butterfly sieve. Of course I reserve the right to take other points
of support upon the casing, if such may be necessary.
In the bent tube the petroleum is transformed into vapour under the action of the
heat produced by the flame, petroleum vapour burning above the metallic grating.
There are two very important features of my burner, (1st) The flame produced is not
concealed by any part of the gasifier, because it is forined only above the wire gauze,
and(2nd) The gasifier is heated only by conduction, thereby obviating the inconveniences
caused by excesses of heat. The bent tube which constitutes the gasifier must
be so constructed that no heating of the petroleum can take place; I employ
for this purpose a round tube in which is placed a metallic spiral. For facilitating
the mounting of this part of the apparatus the extremity of the bent tube is open.
Through this opening I introduce the metallic spiral, after which the opening is
closed by a plug. This opening also serves for the cleaning, for which purpose a
pipe-cleaner may be used.
The petroleum which is transformed into vapour in the gasifier passes through the
opening into a butterfly sieve that is to say a butterfly provided in the interior of
very fine wire gauze which the vapour coming from the gasifier is compelled to
traverse in order to reach the outlet hole. The wire gauze may be arranged in any
suitable manner, for instance an annular chamber may communicate through
orifices with a central chamber. On arriving in this central chamber the jets of
petroleum vapour will impinge against the sides of a cone and the dust and dirt
which may have been carried with the vapours are deposited at the bottom of the
first chamber. The petroleum vapours then pass upwards through openings and
impinge against a plate which compels the vapours to fall back into another
chamber; above this latter chamber is arranged, the wire gauze traversed by the
petroleum vapours, which then pass through the openings to arrive finally in still
another chamber. On their entrance into this latter chamber the vapours will
encounter the edges of a plate. As will be seen from the foregoing, the path
followed by the petroleum vapours in the butterfly sieve is very sinuous, and all the
dirt carried can be deposited in the several chambers provided in this part of the
apparatus; that which might escape through them are retained by the wire gauze,
but the amount is so small that its obstruction is long delayed. For protecting the outlet
device further against dirt and deposits which might accidentally be found on the other
side of the wire gauze the basin furnished with the collar is placed below the outlet device..
The vapours are compelled to pass round it in order to reach the latter. The sides
of this new chamber and the bottom of the basin thus receive and retain the dirt and
deposits, and if a grain of dirt slides accidentally into the ontlet device it is easy to
disengage the same by causing it to fall through the medium of a pin to the bottom
of the basin. A screw-threaded plug, which closes the butterfly below, enables it to
be visited and cleaned in case of need.
This sieve constitutes an important part in incandescence petroleum lamps; the
wire gauze employed is held tight enough for each of its passages to be of a smaller
section than that of the outlet adjutage, and its operation is ensured as long as these
passages, already protected by the baffle plates which precede it and the mountings
of the tube, are not all obstructed. Accordingly it plays the part of an absolutely
regular and mechanical filter, more efficient than a wick."
The outlet device is pierced in the box of the butterfly. For facilitating the
construction or for meeting practical needs I reserve the right to have this outlet
device upon a part which is removably secured upon this box."
The petroleum vapours which are freed from the impurities they contained leave
through an orifice, rise in a casing or sleeve, where they are mixed and drawn
through appropriate lateral orifices, and are ignited above the wire gauze. The flame
produced passes in contact with the sides of the part which is heated and which
by conduction transtnits the heat to the gasifier and to the butterfly. Below the
upper bend of the gasifier is fixed a part of suitable form which divides the

page_text: petroleum vapours before their passage to the wire gauze and which forms an
obstacle to their ignition, in the interior of the sleeve.
The flame is surrounded by the sleeve or mantle which is heated to incandescence.
This sleeve may of course have any form and consist of any appropriate
materials.
Instead of constituting the gasifier by a simple bent tube, I reserve the right to
employ arrangements in which the gasifier and the butterfly are also heated by
conduction but this conduction is effected in the case of the gasifier by the grating
and the sleeve, and in the case of the butterfly by another part.
In another example, the petroleum under pressure leaving the expansion device
passes through a tube into a serpentine or coil wherein it is vaporized, and the
vapours produced arrive, as in the preceding example, in the butterfly sieve. The
serpentine or coil is arranged outside the sleeve, and also the tube which puts
the serpentine or coil in communication with the sieve.
In another example on the contrary the tube is placed at the centre of the
serpentine or coil which is surrounded by a casing; arinatures in this case support
the lighting collar.
The serpentine or coil of the gasifier, instead of being constituted by a simple
'tube, wound as herein before set forth, may be formed by two concentric cylinders
between which is arranged a metallic band wound to a spiral which partitions it off;
the space comprised between each two of the spirals of the band is filled up by
means of a wire wound to a spiral, as in the preceding examples.
4. PARTS FOR THE LIGHTING.
As has been set forth in the preceding description, in the normal operation the
gasification is effected by the heat of the combustion; but at the commencement,
as will be easily understood, it is necessary to heat the gasifier to the temperature
desired for the gasification by means of an auxiliary flame.
For obtaining this result I have recourse to the flame produced by alcohol which
I supply in suitable quantity regulated beforehand in the lighting collar. This.
alcohol might be poured by hand in suitable quantity or introduced by any
mechanical means.
The alcohol necessary for the lighting is contained in a reservoir which like the
petroleum reservoir, is concealed by the casing. In the former reservoir is
arranged a tube in which a piston may be displaced which under the action of a
spring is constantly held at the upper end of its stroke.
If I press my hand upon the extremity of the rod of the piston I compel the
latter to descend; as soon as the piston has passed beyond an opening it sends into
the tube the whole quantity of alcohol which is in the tube below the piston.
The alcohol thus sent into the tube raises the small flap which is at the bottom of
the lighting collar, and will be poured into this collar where it may be ignited. It
is evident that the quantity of alcohol thus brought into the collar each time when I
press upon the button depends on the stroke of the piston and may therefore be
regulated once for all. The tube in the alcohol reservoir is pierced with holes.
between the two pistons which enable the outer air to enter the reservoir of alcohol
when I press upon the rod.
Having thus described all the parts which constitute my incandescence petroleum
lamp, the operation of the same will be very easily understood: The reservoir being
filled with petroleum and the main piston being at the upper end of its stroke, I
press upon the button so as to introduce into the lighting collar the desired quantity
of alcohol for heating the gasifier. I then ignite the alcohol and at the expiration
of a certain time, which can be easily ascertained by experience, I open the
regulating valve placed in the tube which conducts the petroleum to the gasifier.
The petroleum traversing the gasifier is transformed into vapour and is ignited on
leaving the butterfly sieve in contact with the alcohol flame. As soon as the latter

page_text: disappears the petroleum flame rises above the grating. The action is completed
and the lamp operates regularly as long as there is any petroleum in the reservoir.
For extinguishing the lamp it is sufficient to intercept the arrival of petroleum by
means of the regulating valve, which does not offer any difficulties.
Dated this 1ot d
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
I, PAUL DOUDART DE LA GRÉE, of 95 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved portable incandescence lamp burning
mineral oils, for instance petroleum, which is at present used for ordinary
lamps.
In order to render the following explanations as clear as possible I have represented
by way of example in the accompanying drawings, a lamp of my system
constructed according to my invention.
Figure 1 is a vertical section showing the general arrangement of the lamp.
Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of the same.
Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 relate to the burner proper:
Figures 6 and 7 show a detail of the tube employed to form the burner.
Figure 8 shows a section of the pin valve for regulating the flame.
Figure 9 is a section of a sieve designed to arrest the dirt which might obstruct
the burner.
Figure 10 is a detail view of the expansion device which regulates the pressure
and
Figure 11 is a vertical section of a modification of the lamp represented in
Figure 1.
In order to obtain the incandescence by petroleum I vaporize the latter under
pressure and the vapours produced are ignited on leaving the burner, so as to render
incandescent a mantle placed above the burner.
My improved lamp comprises four very distinct parts:
(1) Means for giving the pressure to the petroleum.
(2) Mechanism for regulating the pressure.
(3) A burner proper.
(4) Mechanism for effecting the lighting.
I will hereinafter successively describe each of these parts of the lamp.
1. MEANS FOR GIVING THE PRESSURE TO THE PETROLEUM.
The problem to be solved in this connection is to exert a pressure upon petroleum
contained in a reservoir.
This problem is capable of numerous solutions, but they may all be reduced to two,
one of which consists in exerting this pressure by mechanical means, and the other
consists in injecting a fluid under pressure into the receptacle above the
petroleum.
Figure 1 shows an example in which mechanical means are employed for imparting
the pressure to the petroleum.
Figure 11 on the contrary relates to a case in which the pressure is obtained by

page_text: means of a fluid injected under pressure into the upper part of the reservoir which
contains the petroleum.
In the example shown in Figure 1, the petroleum is placed in a reservoir A which
is concealed by a casing C adapted to receive any appropriate ornamentations.
In this cylindrical vessel A is arranged a piston B which is subjected to the action
of a spring D causing the piston to bear constantly upon the petroleum in the vessel A.
The pressure is thus given to the petroleum by this spring D which has its point
of support upon the upper part of the reservoir. The petroleum leaves the reservoir
through the tube a which conducts it to the expansion device or apparatus for
regulating the pressure, which I will hereinafter describe in detail.
When the reservoir is empty it is necessary to be able easily to bring the piston B
to the upper end of its movement for permitting the refilling, of the lamp. For this
purpose the piston is attached to a steel band 6 or other flexible connection which
may be wound upon a drum 6x. Toothed wheels 61, 62, 63 driven by the crank E
diminish the force which it is necessary to exert upon this crank E for raising the
piston B to the upper end of its movement.
The piston is moved upwards, operates, and is moved upwards again like that of an
ordinary moderator lamp with the following difference.
In order that the petroleum, which is more fluid than most, oil, may not rise too
easily above the piston, the tightness of the circumference of the latter is maintained
with the greatest care, not only by means of a slight friction over a certain length,
but further by means of packing material e which is képt in contact with the inner
walls of the cylinder by a segment or any other mechanical means. . As regards the
introduction of the liquid, in lieu of being effected at the circumference of the piston,
it takes place through a valve d opening downward in the said piston.
The petroleum which may, during the time of operation despite the tightness of
the piston, filter through around the same and pass to the top, will remain there till
the next upward movement. To obviate the smells which might arise from the
evaporation, the small band b of steel traverses a small stuffing box.
In the example illustrated in Figure 11, the whole mechanism which I have
hereinbefore described is dispensed with; the petroleum is always placed in a
reservoir A into which I also inject air under pressure by means of any pump.
A pin valve G placed at the upper part of the reservoir A enables the pressure in the
reservoir to be released when such is necessary, for example at the time when the
lamp is extinguished.
2. MEANS FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE.
Whatever system may be employed for exerting a pressure upon the petroleum it
will be readily understood that in order to ensure a regular operation it is
necessary to obviate the decreasing expansion. A means for achieving this result,
would be to employ a mechanism analogous to that of Carcel. While reserving the
right to employ this means I will set forth by way of example a simpler, more
practical and less expensive means for obtaining this result. This consists in placing
an expansion device, through which the petroleum under pressure passes at the
point where it leaves the reservoir. In Figure 10 I have shown by way of example
an expansion device Cx of the Toecheboeuf system, made entirely of metal and
consequently not affected by the mineral oils. In order to ensure the proper
operation of this expansion device C it is accessible to the petroleum only through a
very fine metallic sieve not represented in the drawing.
The chamber c of the expansion device is formed by an elastic mantle or well c
connected to a block c² which is fitted to the rod c3 which slides with slight friction
through a fixed stop ct. The rod c³ carries a valve c at its lower end. The fluid
enters the expansion device through the valve c' and leaves the same in an expanded
condition through an outlet c.
Supposing the expansion device to be at rest the pressure in the chamber c is ni
and owing to the elasticity of the wall or casing c¹, the block c² does not touch the

page_text: fixed stop c' and the valve c' is open. If a fluid under pressure passes into the
chamber c, it acts upon the wall or casing cl which then rises until the block c²
touches the fixed stop c'. At this moment the valve c' only leaves an opening which
is sufficient to cause the fluid to be expanded up to the required pressure. It is
evident that the pressure to which the fluid is expanded, depends on the height of
the fixed stop c. It is thus possible to obtain any degree of expansion.
It is understood that in case there are sufficiently large reservoirs or sufficiently
long springs so that the decreasing expansion may become perceptible only at very
long intervals, I reserve the right to dispense with the expansion device confining
myself in this case to more frequent upward movements.
The petroleum leaves the expansion device through the tube and it traverses
any suitable valve D for regulating the flame, as for example that represented in
detail in Figure 8.
3. BURNER PROPER.
After having traversed the regulating valve C included in the tube c', the
petroleum arrives in what I will call the burner proper which is the most important
part of the lamp.
This burner, which is represented in Figure 4 is composed of a bent tube 1 which
terminates in a butterfly sieve, which is shown in detail in Figure 9. The tube I is
placed in the interior of a casing or sleeve J which supports at its lower part the
lighting collar. The casing J, which has the form of a cartridge case, is closed at
its upper part by a grate J through which passes a full part J2 whose shape is suit-
able for giving to the flame the form needed for filling up the incandescent hood.
This full part J2 is united with the tube I, which in its turn supports the butterfly
sieve. Of course I reserve the right to take other points of support upon the casing J,
if such be necessary.
In the tube I the petroleum is transformed into vapour under the action of the
heat produced by the flame, petroleum vapour burning above the metallic grating J.
There are two very important features of my burner, that is to say (1st) the flame
produced is not concealed by any part of the gasifier, because it is formed only above
the wire gauze J'; and (2nd) the gasifier is heated only by conduction, thereby obviating
the inconveniences caused by excesses of heat. The tube I which constitutes the
gasifier must be so constructed that no heating of the petroleum can take place; I
employ for this purpose the round tube in which is inserted à metallic spiral, as
shown very clearly in Figures 6 and 7. For facilitating the mounting of this part of
the apparatus the extremity of the tube I is open at i. Through this opening
I introduce the metallic spiral, after which this opening is closed by a plug. This
opening also serves for the cleaning, for which a pipe-cleaning brush may be
used.
The petroleum which has been transformed into vapour in the gasifier I passes
through the opening into a butterfly sieve (Figure 9); that is to say a butterfly
provided in the interior with a very fine wire gauze which the vapour coming from
the gasifier is compelled to traverse in order to reach the outlet hole. This wire
gauze is arranged in any suitable manner, for instance like that in Figure 9. An
annular chamber K communicates through orifices with a central chamber k¹; on
arriving in this central chamber the jets of petroleum vapour will impinge against the
sides of the cone M and the dust and impurities which may have been carried along
with the vapours are deposited at the bottom of this first chamber. The petroleum
vapours then pass upwards through the openings and impinge against the plate m
which compels the vapours to turn off into the chamber n; above this chamber nis
arranged the wire gauze N traversed by the petroleum vapours, which then pass
through the openings ma', and arrives finally in the chamber n. On their entrance
into this latter chamber the vapours will encounter the edges of the plate n³. As
will be seen from the foregoing, the path followed by the petroleum vapours in the
butterfly sieve is very sintious, and all the impurities carried along can be deposited in

page_text: the several chambers which are provided in this part of the apparatus; that which
escapes through them are retained by the wire gauze, but the amount is so small that
its obstruction is long delayed. For protecting the tubular outlet device further
against dirt and deposits which might accidentally be found on the other side of the
wire gauze, the basin n¹ furnished with the collar n² is placed below the tubular
outlet device. The vapours are compelled to pass round it in order to reach the
latter. The inner sides of this new chamber and the bottom of the basin thus
receive and retain the impurities and deposits, and if any particle of dirt slides
accidentally into the tubular outlet device it is easy to disengage it by causing it to
fall, through the medium of a pin, to the bottom of the basin. A screw-threaded
plug, which closes the butterfly below, enables it to be inspected and cleaned in
case of need..
This sieve constitutes an important part in incandescence petroleum lamps; the wire
gauze employed is held sufficiently tight so that each of its passages will be of a
smaller section than that of the tubular outlet device, and its operation remain ensured
as long as these passages, already protected by the baffle plates which precede it and
the mounting o of the tube are not all obstructed.
It thus plays the part of an absolutely regular and mechanical filter, more reliable
than a wick would be.
In the drawing the tubular outlet device is pierced in the box itself of the butterfly.
For facilitating the construction or for meeting practical needs I reserve the right to
arrange this tubular outlet device upon a part which is removably secured upon
this box.
The petroleum vapours freed from all impurities they contained leave through the
orificent, rise in the casing or sleeve J, where they are mixed with the air
which is drawn through appropriate lateral orifices, and are ignited above the wire
gauze J¹. The flame produced touches completely the inner sides of the part J
which becomes heated and which by conduction transmits the heat to the gasifier I
and to the butterfly. Below the upper bend of the gasifier I is fixed a piece of
suitable form which divides the petroleum vapours before they arrive at the
wire gauze J¹ and which forms an obstacle to their ignition in the interior of the
sleeve J.
As shown in Figures 1 and 11 the flame is surrounded by the sleeve or mantle P
which is heated to incandescence. This mantle may of course have any form and
consist of any appropriate materials.
Instead of forming the gasifier of a simple bent tube, as shown in Figure 4, I may
employ the arrangements represented in Figures 2, 3 and 5, in which the gasifier and
the butterfly are always well heated by conduction, but this conduction is effected in
the case of the gasifier by the grating and the sleeve J, and in the case of the butterfly
by the piece J¹.
In the example shown in Figure 2 the petroleum under pressure leaving the
expansion device passes through the tube H into the serpentine or coil H¹ wherein it
is vaporised, and the vapours produced pass, as in the preceding example, to the
butterfly sieve. The coil H¹ is arranged outside the sleeve J, and also the tube h¹,
which places the coil in communication with the sieve.
In the example shown in Figure 5 on the contrary the tube h' is arranged at the
centre of the coil which is surrounded by a casing; supports h2 in this case carry the
lighting collar.
The coil of the gasifier, instead of being formed by a simple covered tube, wound as
hereinbefore set forth, may; (as indicated in Figure 3), be formed by two concentric
cylinders R R¹, between which is arranged a metallic band wound to a spiral
which partitions it off; the space comprised between each two of the spirals of the
band is filled up by means of a wire wound spirally, as in the preceding
examples.
4. PARTS FOR THE LIGHTING.

page_text: gasification is effected by the heat of the combustion; but at the commencement, as
will be easily understood, it is necessary to heat the gasifier to the temperature
desired for the gasification by means of an auxiliary flame.
For obtaining this result I have recourse to the flame produced by alcohol which I
supply in suitable quantity and regulated beforehand, in the lighting collar j. This
alcohol might be poured by hand in suitable quantity or introduced by any
mechanical means, such as that represented in the drawings.
The alcohol necessary for the lighting is contained in the reservoir S which, like the
reservoir A, is concealed by the casing C. In this reservoir S is arranged a tube 8 in
which a piston 8' may be displaced which under the action of a spring S¹ is constantly
held at the upper end of its stroke.
If I press by hand upon the extremity T of the rod of the piston 81 I compel the
latter to descend; as soon as the piston 8 has passed beyond the opening 8* it sends
into the tubet the whole quantity of alcohol which is in the tube s below the piston s¹.
The alcohol thus sent into the tube t raises the small valve t¹ Figures 2-5 which is
at the bottom of the lighting collar, and is poured into this collar when it can be
ignited. It is evident that the quantity of alcohol thus brought into the collar each
time when the button T is acted upon depends on the stroke of the piston s', and may
therefore be regulated once for all. The tube 8 is pierced with holes between the two
pistons & six which enable the outer air to enter the reservoir of alcohol when I act
upon the rod T.
The
Having thus described all the parts which constitute my incandescence-
petroleum-lamp, the operation of the saine will be very easily understood:
reservoir A being filled with petroleum and the piston B being at the upper end of its
stroke, I press upon the button T so as to introduce the desired quantity of alcohol
into the lighting collar in order to heat the gasifier. I ignite the alcohol and at the
expiration of a certain time, which can be easily ascertained by experience, I open
the regulating valve arranged on the tube H which conducts the petroleum to the
gasifier. The petroleum traverses the gasifier, is transformed into vapour and is
ignited on leaving the butterfly sieve in contact with the alcohol flame. As soon as
the latter disappears the petroleum flame rises automatically above the grating. The
action is established and the lamp operates regularly as long as there is any petroleum
in the reservoir A. For extinguishing the lamp it is sufficient to intercept the
arrival of petroleum by means of the regulating valve, which does not offer any
difficulties.
I do not confine myself to the details of construction of the collar supporting the
chimney or the globe, nor to the other details of construction of the lamp which may
evidently be varied for each application.
In conclusion it will be seen, that my incandescent petroleum lamp comprises,
independently of its system of lighting the combination with a burner having covered
tube receiving the heat by conduction, of a butterfly sieve with baffle plates and a
wire gauze, and of an expansion device for the pressure. The use of the combination
of these different parts in incandescent petroleum lamps will prevent the irregularities
in the gasification of the petroleum, such irregularities being due to various causes
which each separate part that I claim is intended to remedy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. An incandescent vapour lamp, the characteristic features of which are a burner
formed by a tube located in the interior of a casing or socket and presenting sectional
passages of such form that the oil (petroleum or the like) is prevented from being
heated; the said tube being for this purpose provided with a metal spiral.
2. In combination with the burner, above referred to, a butterfly sieve, in which
the burner terminates, this said butterfly sieve being provided with a very fine wire
gauze serving to retain any impurities that may be carried along by the petroleum in
its gaseous state.

page_text: 3. In combination with the burner and the butterfly sieve above referred to, a metal
piece located in the centre of the flame and conveying the heat directly to the
gasifying tube, by conductive action.
4. In combination with the burner, the butterfly sieve and the heat conducting rod,
an expansion device allowing of regulating the pressure of the petroleum which
arrives at the burner.
5. In combination with the above described mechanisms, a reservoir for keeping
the petroleum under pressure; which pressure in said reservoir can be obtained either
by a mechanical device or by enclosing therein a fluid under pressure.
6. In combination with the constituent devices above referred to, a small flange or
sleeve, serving for the ignition, and in which, through the medium of a pump, alcohol
can be employed, the said alcohol being contained in a reservoir located in the lamp
body at the side of the petroleum reservoir.
Dated this lat day of Now 1907
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant..