Combined Calendar and Date Calculating Apparatus and Memorandum Appliance.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1896-Accepted, 2nd Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Combined Calendar and Date Calculating Apparatus and
Memorandum Appliance.
I, JOSEPH HAFEN of 14 Bärenstrasse, Metz, Alsace-Lorraine, Germany, Official,
d hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The calendars at present in ordinary use have the disadvantage of being only
available for one year after which period they have to be replaced by fresh ones.
Further they only indicate the dates for the current year whilst the dates for
the past year and for the coming year are not indicated.
With the object of obviating these disadvantages the present inventor has con-
structec a perpetual calendar which is designed to be capable of being set in a
simple and easily understood manner not only for the current year but also for
the coming years or for the past year as desired.
The improved calender is illustrated by Figs. 1-4 of the accompanying
drawings.
The arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 3 consists of a front plate a which is in
the form of an ordinary calendar and contains the data of such a calendar with the
exception of the names or designations of the week days (Monday, Tuesday, etc).
Instead of these latter names, slots b are provided.
Under the upper plate a is arranged a second plate c upon which the initial
letters of the week-days are marked. These may be printed directly upon the
plate but are advantageously printed upon strips which are stuck on and which
fit in ue aforesaid slots of the upper plate a but which are capable of being
moved up and down in the same so as to be rendered visible through the slots 6
of the upper plate a.
Plate c consists of two parts one part serving to take the months of January and
February (c) and the other part serving for the remaining months (c).
The motion of the plate e may be produced by any suitable mechanism for
instance by means of the arrangement shown in the accompanying drawings and
which is constructed as follows:
A shaft is pivotally fixed on the guides h by means of the bearings i (Figs. 2
and 3). Upon this shaft f are fixed small toothed wheels e e¹. The latter engage
with toothed racks d d which are connected to the plate c.
By suitably rotating the shaft by means of the knobs (which are readily
accessible to the person setting the calendar) the plate c can be moved up and
down as desired in the guides. It is fixed in position by means of the nut .
The days of the months of January and February are as already stated marked
on the plate c' and the latter is adapted to be moved up and down in g
independently of c by means of suitable mechanism of the same or other
as above described.
As will be hereinafter explained this movable plate c¹ is made movable indepen-
dently of the plate c for the purpose of adjusting the setting for leap years.

page_text: The movable festivals or feasts are likewise not marked on the plate a for
reasons hereinafter explained.
Upon the upper plate a beside the first seven days of the month of January
there are marked the letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and beside the first seven days
of the month of July there are marked the letters G, A, B, C, D, E and F.
These letters are designated 'Sunday letters.
Upon a separate tabular.strip provided at the right hand side of the calendar
there is indicated a long series of years by side of which there is or are marked
one or two of the Sunday letters aforesaid.
Further, behind the years or Sunday letters there is also given the day upon
which Easter falls. A leap year is indicated by special marks and is always
accompanied by two letters. The first letter serves for setting the months of
January and February and the latter letter for setting the other months. In an
ordinary year both plates are set to one and the same letter.
c cl
If now it is desired to set the calendar for any desired year the plates
marked with the names of the days are moved by means of the mechanism up
or down until the Sunday (S) marked thercon for the months of January and
July is on a level with the one letter of those A-G printed on the plate a in
front of these months which letter according to the indication of the plate kis
the Sunday letter for that particular year as will be explained hereinafter with
the aid of an example.
For leap years as already stated the plate e must be made to agree with the
respective letter so that for such years the two plates must be set independently
of each other.
Since the month of February has usually only 28 days whilst it has 29 days
in leap years means such as a movable plate a are provided capable of either
covering or displaying the number 29.
When the calendar has been set it is available for the whole year.
For the purpose of setting the movable festivals there is provided above, the
calendar a semi-circular part 1. (However this part may be made circular or
segmental (arc-shaped) in form without departing from the nature of the invention).
On this plate there is fixed pivotally by means of the screw piece p a second
plate m of segmental arc shape formed with corresponding perforations or
apertures.
The plate contains in one or more rows the dates on which the movable festivals
can fall (4th February-30 June). The aforesaid second plate 'm contains the
names of the festivals. To set these two plates laud m for a particular year
the upper plate m is rotated about its pivot p in such a manner as to bring the
characteristic mark placed over Easter over the middle of the day on which Easter
talls in that year. In this manner the names of the other movable festivals with
their corresponding marks on the plate m are all set to the dates of the movable
festivals occurring in that year.
As the month of February has 29 days in a leap year there is provided in the
plate a sliding strip n which contains the days from 3rd to 28th February
By means of suitable devices for instance by providing a small knob the said
strip can be readily moved in such a manner as to disclose or to cover up the
29th day of the month of February.
In order to be able to read off the festivals of the Hebrews and also the Easter
full moons the pin may be employed to fix a plate o which contains those
particulars for any desired number of years (for instance 20 to 25 years).
Upon the plate o there are also marked the first and last quarters of the moon
and the new moon.
As this calendar is a perpetual one and as it is generally very convenient to
be ble to make memoranda upon the same, separate sheets for notes are provided
wich may be placed upon the front plate a. These separate sheets or leaves
must be cut out at the places where the months and days of the week are marked
on the calendar (plates a and c) and must also be ruled with lines corresponding

page_text: to those of the calendar and.be provided on their upper surface with the names
of the twelve months.
The leaves can be changed by any suitable means; for instance a readily
removable clip or bolt may be fastened over the leaf said clip.being arranged
to pivot on a pin.
The arrangement of calendar shown in Fig. 4 differs from the one above
described in that the plate a provided in the first inodification is in the second
modification divided into two parts a front part (months of January to June) and
a rear part (months of July to December).
Between these two plates there is situated the plate e which in this case is also
composed.of two parts (e e) the first part e for January and February and the
latter part c for March to December. In this case also March to June are con-
tained on one side and July to December on the other side.
The movement of the plates c c¹ is effected either by drawing up by hand or
mechanically by means of screws which serve to move the plates cc. The
remainder of the arrangement is similar to that of the first modification.
In the two modifications just described the arrangement may also be such that
the plate for the week-days (e e) is drawn sideways instead of up and down. In
this case the plate for the week-days (initial letters) of each month must contain
not only one row of these week-days but seven rows side by side each row com-
mencing with another day. The shifting is then effected to the right or to the
left until the Sunday (S) for the months of January and July coincides with the
particular letter of those letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G or G, A, B, C, D, E, F which
are printed in front of those months upon the plate a which happens to be the
Sunday letter for that particular year.
The part and m described in the preceding arrangement and which is designed
for the movable festivals may be also constructed as follows:-
The days upon which Easter can fall are written together upon a strip. By
the side of these are marked in wider columns the days upon which the other
festivals must necessarily fall accordingly. This strip is moved up and down
behind a plate of any suitable shape in such a manner that all the movable
festivals of any one year can be seen through a corresponding opening in the
plate. Upon the plate above the opening there is provided the proper designation
of the movable festivals for the several columns. Then the strip need only be set
so as to show the day upon which Easter falls in that particular year by which
the days of all the movable festivals are fixed and are then shown. The strip
may also move in a double slot in the upper plate.
The Sundays and Easter days indicated upon the plate & for any desired number
years are determined by means of tables.
These tables are known and contain the so-called Sunday letters, Easter full
moon, golden number, epacts (Julian and Gregorian data). The object in view
is known.
In order to render the calendar of easy manipulation for every person there is
provided the aforesaid plate k for Easter Sunday and the Sunday letters which
plate k may be made out for 10-1000 years and more.
The strip shown in Fig. 1 contains data for the period 1780 to 1910 that is to
say for the past, present, and future.
This list may also give the Sunday letters and the Easter Sundays for the
Julian Calendar so that it can be set for Julian as well as for Gregorian time.
To give an example of the manner of setting the calendar for an ordinary year
we will take the year 1876. From the annexed table kit is seen according to
the Gregorian calendar that A is the Sunday letter. On now placing the plates e e
in such a manner that the Sunday (S) standing for both months January
and July is opposite to the letter A (Sunday letter) printed in front of the months
of January and July upon the plate a; then the calendar is set as regards dates
(with the exception of the movable festivals) for one whole year.
To set the calendar for a leap year for instance for the year 1884 the letters F

page_text: and E are found to be Sunday letters from the table K of the Gregorian calendar
for this year. Then the plate c¹ for the months of January and February are
set so as to bring the Sunday (S) in the first seven days of the month of January
in line with the letter F printed in front of the month of January on the plate a
whereby the two first months are set.
Then the plate c designed for the months of March to December is set in such
a manner that its Sunday (S) in the first seven days of the month of July
comes into line with the letter E printed in front of the month of July on
plate a. Thus the last ten months of the year are now set and all the dates of the
said year 1884 are set with the exception of the movable festivals.
When set the plates c and c¹ are fixed in position by means of set screws (for
instance) or in other manner.
To set the movable festivals there is employed the number contained in the
column marked Easter in the table k.
This number gives the 13th April for the year 1884. The upper circular
plate m is then rotated in such a manner as to bring its mark (above Easter)
under the graduation April 13 of the lower plate whereby all the movable
festivals are indicated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
Clain is:-
1. A calendar having a front plate a formed with apertures b under which are
arranged two plates cc adapted to be moved by any suitable mechanism in
guides and marked with the names of the days of the week combined with
plates and m capable of being adjusted relatively to each other by rotation or
shifting for the purpose of indicating the movable festivals arranged and operating
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.
2. The combination with the calendar claimed above of memorandum sheets
or leaves which are perforated to allow of showing the dates on the calendar in
the same manner as is its front plate a arranged and operating substantially in
the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 30.
Santam now
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.