AN IMPROVED VARNISH PAINT
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Sampson, of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Gentleman, and Richard Rowlands Minton, also of
Liverpool, Paint Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
VARNISH PAINT.”
Scaled the 21th September 1870, and dated the 28th March 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Sampson and
Richard Rowlands Minton at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th March 1870.
We, JAMES SAMPSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, and RICHARD ROWLANDS MINTON, also of Liverpool, Paint
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED VARNISH PAINT," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the employment of certain substances in
combination as agents for the formation of a chemical compound or
varnish paint, called by us mineral concrete, suitable for coating metallic
and other structures exposed in water or air.

page_text: We take a gaseous or solid compound of chlorine with sulphur, and
mix it with a metallic oxide, preferably oxide of iron, lime, and any
convenient hydrocarbon. These we heat together or fuse into a plastic
mass which is afterwards, if desired, allowed to cool and solidify. To
the said plastic or solidified mass we add a solution of sulphur and apply
heat. The said solution of sulphur is added in sufficient quantity to
reduce the mass to proper consistency for application to the surface of
the structure to be coated. The said mineral concrete must be applied
in the heated state.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Sampson and Richard Rowlands Minton in
the Great Scal Patent Office on the 28th September 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JAMES
SAMPSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, and
RICHARD ROWLANDS MINTON, also of Liverpool, Paint Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and graut unto us, the said James Sampson and Richard Rowlands
Minton, Her special licence that we, the said James Sampson and
Richard Rowlands Minton, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said James Sampson and Richard Rowlands
Minton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED VARNISH PAINT," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said James Sampson and Richard Rowlands Minton, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Sampson and Richard
Rowlands Minton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to
say :-
Our Invention consists in the employment of certain substances in
combination as agents for the formation of a chemical compound or
varnish paint, called by us mineral concrete, suitable for coating metallic
and other structures exposed in water or air.
We take a gaseous or solid compound of chlorine with sulphur and
mix it with a metallic oxide, preferably oxide of iron, lime, and any
convenient hydrocarbon. These we heat together or fuse into a plastic
mass, which is afterwards, if desired, allowed to cool and solidify. To
the said plastic or solidified mass we add a solution of sulphur and apply
heat. The said solution of sulphur is added in sufficient quantity to
reduce the mass to proper consistency for application to the surface of
the structure to be coated. The said mineral concrete must be applied
in the heated state.
We then pass
In carrying our Invention into effect we proceed in the following
manner: We take forty parts by weight of native or other oxides of
iron, or native carburet of iron, in a fine state of division, and mix the
same with about twenty parts of sulphur of commerce.
by ordinary means through the mixture gaseous chlorine until white
fumes are given off, and afterwards fuse the whole in a close vessel
with thirty-five parts of a hydrocarbon, by preference rosin, although
asphaltum or mineral pitch will answer, and five parts of lime.
Or we vary the process by melting the sulphur and hydrocarbon with
the oxides or carburet of iron direct, and when the whole is in a state of
tranquil fusion adding one-sixth part by weight of hypochlorite of chloride
of lime in the dry state. This is well stirred until the mixture is uniform,
after which it may be poured on to a stone slab or into moulds and allowed
to cool.
For the purpose of bringing the above compound into a fit state for
application to structures and vessels we make a solution or saturated

page_text: solution of sulphur in boiling turpentine, preferably rectified turpentine,
containing rosin, say ouc-cighth part by weight of white rosin, by which
a larger proportion of sulphur is retained in solution when the whole is
cold. The said solution of sulphur is added to the heated plastic or
remelted composition in sufficient quantity to reduce the mass to the
consistency of ordinary paint, and in this state it may be laid on or applied
hot by itself or either hot or cold in admixture with any ordinary paint
of commerce.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and particu-
larized the same, we would have it understood that we do not confine
ourselves to the precise proportions of substances mentioned, nor to the
exact order of preparation set forth, as many variations may be made
without departing from the leading features of our Invention. What
we do claim is, the employment of the substances herein mentioned in
combination as agents for the formation of a chemical compound or
varnish paint for the purposes set forth.
Richard
In witness whereof, wc, the said James Sampson and
Rowlands Minton, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this
Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy.
In the presence of
J. T. KING,
Patent Agent,
Liverpool.
JAMES SAMIDUN.
RICHARD ROWLANDS MINTON. (L.S.)