Improvements in and relating to Cartridge Loading Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1892-Accepted, 8th Oct., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Cartridge Loading Machines.
I, CHARLES SELBY HISEY, a Citizen of the United States of America,
residing at Aurora, in the County of Dearborn and State of Indiana, one of
the United States of America, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to cartridge loading machines, and to the particular class
of said machines which is constructed and adapted to charge or fill shot-gun
cartridges, and consists in the construction and arrangement of the parts which
will be more fully hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the
claims.
One object of my invention is to provide a machine in which shot-gun cartridges
can be more rapidly, as well as more safely charged or filled than has heretofore
been accomplished in other machines.
A further object of my invention is to so distribute the applied power that there
shall be no unequal strain on the several parts of the machine, thus preventing
breakage; and also to simplify the means and mechanism for loading cartridges, so
that it may be more readily understood, easily handled or operated, and thus made
less liable to get out of order.
A further object of my invention is to provide a machine in which there shall be
no lost motion, the several parts being so timed that each part performs its office
or function in the manner and at the instant of the time required for the continuous
and uniform operation of the entire machine.
A further object of my invention is to provide means by which the loaded
cartridge may be more completely crimped and finished than has heretofore been
done, thus rendering the cartridge safer in shipping and in handling.
To accomplish the above-mentioned objects, my improvements relate to the
primary mechanism, to the shell carrier, the shell loading mechanism and tools,
the shell placing mechanism, the powder and shot feeding devices, all of which
parts, combinations and devices are fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings
forming part of this application, in which like letters of reference indicate similar
parts.
Referring to the drawings-
Figures 1 and 2 represent front and side perspective views of my machine.
Figure 3 is a top plan view of the table of the machine, partly broken away to
show the mechanism for operating the shell carrier and the shell placer.
Figure 3 is an enlarged detail view of the mechanism for operating the shell
carrier.
Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view on line 4-4, Figure 3, showing the relative
location of the parts.
Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view on line 5-5, Figure 3, showing the
mechanism for feeding the shells into the shell placer, inserting the shells into the
shell carrier, and ejecting the same therefrom.
Figure 5 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the shell placer, and a segment
of the gear for operating the same.
Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view on line 6-6, Figure 3, showing the
mechanism for feeding powder and shot into the shells in the shell-carrier the
crimpers, and the mechanism for operating the same.
Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view on line 7-7, Figure 3, showing the wad-
feeding, and wad-cutting and placing mechanism, one of the crimpers, and the
ejector.

page_text: Figures 7 and 7B are enlarged detail views of the wad-feeding and the wad-
cutting and placing devices.
Figure 8 is a top plan view of the primary actuating mechanism on line 8-8,
Figure 4.
Figure 9 is a plan view of the primary mechanism on line 9—9, Figure 4.
Figure 10 is a plan view of the cross-head or tool carrier.
In the drawings, A, represents the frame of the machine, B, the table, C, the
pulley shaft, C, the pulley thereon, C³, meshing gear wheels which transmit
movement through driving shaft, C³, to cam wheel, D, and gear wheel, D'.
E, represents a vertical shaft, provided at its lower end with gear wheel, D², which
meshes with gear, D', on shaft, C, and having at its upper end a cap, E. In the
cap, E, an adjustable block, e, is secured in the groove e, said block being provided
with a pin, e, which engages a sliding block, e, having free movement in the
oscillating lever, L. By the partial rotation of the shaft, E, the lever, L₁ is
carried backward, and by its complete rotation said lever is brought forward again,
and into the position shown in Figure 3.
The shaft, C, has on each end crank-wheels, G, G, provided with crank
pins, 9: 9.
These pins,,, are secured to blocks, g, g', sliding in box-yokes, H, H,
which boxes are secured to shafts, HH, and which carry at their upper ends the
cross head or tool carrier, 1. A vertical rod, K, is provided at its lower end with
an arm, K, which in turn has at its outer end a pin or roller, k, which rides in the
cam groove of cam wheel, D, thus giving a partial turn to rod, K, at each
revolution of the shaft, C³. On the upper end of the rod, K, is secured a short
arm or lever, K, which engages with the spring-pressed lever, K³, in the movement
of shaft, K, and thus unlocks the notched ring, F, at the proper time, so that by
the rotation of the shaft, E, through the oscillating lever, LI, the spring-pressed
lever, K³, may be carried backward until its outer end, A, comes opposite one of
the notches, in the ring or shell carrier, F, into which said spring-lever is forced
by the spring, ". By the further rotation of the shaft, E, the lever, L' is carried
forward, moving ring, F, forward until the arm, K again engages with sliding
lever, ³, and removes it from the notch, f. By this means an intermittent move-
ment is given to the shell carrier F, and at each movement it is carried a distance
equal to the distance between the cells,, into which the shells are forced from the
shell placer, O. The ring or shell carrier, F, is of irregular shape in its lower part,
as shown in cross-section in Figures 3 and 5 at F.
On the periphery of the lower projection of said ring, as shown in Figures 3
and 54, cogs or gears are formed, which mesh with like gears in the cap of the
shell placer, O. By the intermittent movement given to ring, F, as above
described, a like intermittent movement is given to shell placer O. The shell
placer, O, is barrel shaped, arranged to revolve in a horizontal plane, and is
provided with four holes or cells, o, said cells being at such distance apart that the
intermittent movement given to the shell placer by the ring, F, brings one of said
shells in registering line with the shell-feeding tube, Q, and another of said cells in
registering line with one of the cells in ring, F; and as the shell placer is thus
rotated, at each intermittent movement an empty shell is received in one of the
empty cells, o, and in turn another shell, by the rod, p, is forced up into one of the
cells, in ring, F. The rod, , is operated by a lever, P, secured to a shaft, P³,
operated by a crank on the driving shaft, C³, as shown at C₁, so that at each
downward movement of the shaft, P2, the rod, p, is raised, and at each upward
movement of said shaft the rod, p, is lowered.
The movement of the shaft, P is so timed that the upward movement of the
rod, p, will be such as to strike a shell in the shell placer, O, at the instant of time
said shell registers with a cell, f', in the ring, F.
In Figure 61 have shown the mechanism for feeding the powder and shot into
the shells, the mechanism being the same in each case, as said shells are moved
forward in the carrier, F.
The powder or shot is contained in a magazine, M, funnel-shaped at its lower

page_text: end.
A straight bar, M', provided with an aperture, m, slides in a guide-way, and
has on its inner end teeth, m', which mesh with a segment gear, m" journaled in a
bracket or bearing, M³, which segment gear in turn meshes with a rack-bar,
attached to a guide rod, as shown, secured in cross-head, I.
By the reciprocating movement given to the cross-head, I, in the operation of
the machine, the bar, M, is moved forward and backward, thus bringing the
aperture, m, under the powder or shot magazine, and over the shell in the carrier, F,.
successively. The aperture, m, in the bar, M', is made of such size as to adapt it
to receive a cup or ring, m, and by the use of cup or ring, m, of differing
capacities, the charge of powder or shot may be varied as required. The bar, M¹
may be readily withdrawn for cleaning, thus avoiding all danger of explosion.
11:1
In Figures 3, 7, 7 and 7", I have shown the wad-feeding, wad-cutting and wad-
placing mechanism.
In Figure 3, the wad rolls, W, journaled in suitable bearings, are shown, the
sets of rolls being provided with bevelled gears, we, by which the initial movement
given by the pawl and ratchet W₁, and slotted lever, W2, is communicated simul-
taneously to each set of rolls, so that all move together. The strips of felt or
paper are fed in between the feed rolls through guide openings, w¹, as shown in
Figure 1. The wad feeding mechanism is operated by the means shown in
Figures 1, 7, and 7*, and consists of a vertical shaft or arin having a cam-shaped
slot in its upper end, and a pawl and spring on its lower end, which engages with a
ratchet wheel fixed to the shaft carrying the lower feed rolls. This vertical arm
is pivoted to a standard on the bracket, as shown, and is secured to the tool carrier.
As the tool carrier moves upward, the pawl engages with the ratchet wheel, and
thus moves the wad rolls forward the predetermined distance, and thus successively
feeds the strips forward as herein before stated.
The wad-cutters, well, Figure 7B, are secured in the cross-head, I, and consist of
a rod provided with a die on its lower end having a movable sleeve secured thereon
by a spiral spring, so that as the cutter descends, the sleeve will rest on the strip,
while the die cuts the wad out of the strip, and forces it into a recess, will, beneath.
This receiver, like the cutter, is provided with a sleeve, held in place by a
spiral spring, as shown in Figure 7. The wad is cut as the cutter, w", descends,.
and upon its, upward movement the receiver or follower, w replaces the wad in
the strip, and by the next movement of the feed rolls the wad, reinstated in the
strip, is carried forward, and brought over the shell and under the rammer, w
by which it is forced out of the strip and into the shell. This operation is
performed by each set of feed rolls, wad-cutters and placers simultaneously, when
the machine is in operation.
In Figures 1, 3 and 5, I have shown the crimpers, S and S', and in Figures 4
and 5 the mechanism by which they are operated.
The crimpers, S and S', are journaled in brackets, S², and are so arranged that
they may have vertical and rotary movements. The crimpers, S and S' are given
the rotating movement by a pulley and belt, as shown in Figure 3, the belt being
driven by any convenient source of power.
The vertical movement is given to said crimpers by the pivoted levers, s, rods, s¹,
and the bifurcated lever, T, and branches, t, t, secured to shaft P³, and pivoted to
arm, P3, as shown in Figures 5, 6, and 8.
The timing of the movement of the lever, T is regulated by the driving shaft, C³,
and its crank, C+, so that at each downward movement of the shaft, P2, the
branches, t, t, of the lever, T, are raised, and brought in contact with the lower
end of rods, s', s, forcing them upward, and thus by means of the pivoted lever, s, s,
depressing the crimpers. The vertical movement of the crimpers, S and S' is so
timed that they descend at the same instant of time that loaded shells in the ring, F,
are brought in registering line with them, the crimper, S, partly crimping the shell,
and the crimper, S', completing and finishing the same. By having two crimpers,
the movement of the shell carrier, F, may be more rapid, as it is required to stop
in its movement. at one time only long enough to partially crimp the shell.

page_text: A further advantage in using two crimpers is that by having the crimper heads
properly constructed, that is, one to partially crimp, and the other to finish the
crimping, a much better finish is secured, and thus shipping and handling are
rendered more safe.
It will be seen by reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3, that the powder and shot
magazines, the wad-feeding and wad-cutting mechanism, the crimper brackets and
the crimpers are located on the table, B, and that only the wad-cutters, the wad-
rammers, and the ejector are secured to and carried by the cross-head, I. The
cross-head, I, is supported and reciprocated by the shafts, H', H', as hereinbefore
described In this way only a very light load is placed on the cross-head, I, and
thereby provision is made for the rapid movement of the machine.
In Figures 1, 2, and 3, I have shown the shell carrier, F, in perspective, and in
the latter figure and in Figure 4 at 11, in cross-section.
By referring to said figures, it will be seen that the portion of said ring which is
provided with cells for the reception of the shells, rides in a groove formed in the
inner edge of the table, B, which thus supports said ring, and at the same time
prevents the shells from dropping out of the carrier as they are being loaded.
Fin Figure 34, represents part of the ring, F, by which said carrier is moved,
and also by which movement is given to the shell placer, as shown in Figure 5.
The part, F may be secured to the ring, F, or be cast integral therewith. By the
use of the ring, F, as constructed, the number of working parts of the machine is
greatly lessened, and absolute certainty of movement is secured.
A printing die may be secured to the last wad rammer for the purpose of stamping
on the last or paper wad, the number or grade of the shell, and any other designation
desired.
In Figures 2 and 5, the ejector, U, and delivery tube, U¹, are shown, by means
of which, after the shells are filled and crimped, they are first ejected from the
carrier, F, and then delivered at any suitable point.
The operation of my machine is as follows:
The powder and shot magazines being suitably filled with powder and shot, wad
strips being inserted in the guides to the wad feeding rolls, as shown in Figures 1, 3
and 7, and empty shells being supplied to the tube, Q, by the application of power
to C¹, movement is communicated to shafts, C³, and thence by gearing, D', D',
and shafts, E, and H', H', to the shell carrier, F, shell placer, O, cross-head, I, and
the supplementary mechanism connected therewith, as hereinbefore described.
By the first movement of the shell placer, O, and rod, p, a shell will be inserted
into a cell of the carrier, F, and by the next movement said shell will be carried
forward and brought under the powder magazine, charged with powder, and by the
successive movements wads and shot will be forced and delivered into said shell,
until it is fully charged, crimped, and ejected from the carrier. Each intermittent
movement of the shell carrier, F, will in turn cause a shell, through the shell-
placer, O, to be inserted in one of the cells, f, as above described, and carried
forward and successively filled or charged with powder, wads, shot, and wad, as
mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The number of wads on the powder may be
varied according to the determination of the operator.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the primary
actuating mechanism and tool carrier, of two reciprocating shafts for moving the
tool carrier, provided with box-yokes at their lower end, substantially as described.
2. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the primary
actuating mechanism, of a reciprocating shaft carrying independently pivoted
levers for giving the crimpers vertical movement, and for inserting shells into the
shell carrier through intermediate mechanism, substantially as described.
3. In a machine for loading cartridges and in combination with the actuating

page_text: mechanism thereof, a rotating shell placer operated thereby, whereby the cartridge
shells are successively transferred from said placer to the shell carrier, substantially
as described.
4. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with a shell carrier, of a
rotating shell placer provided with cells for the ingress and egress of shells there-
from, substantially as described.
5. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the shell-carrier,
shell feeding tube, and a vertically reciprocated rod, of a rotating shell placer,
provided with cells or holes for the ingress and egress of shells therefrom, substan-
tially as described.
6. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the shell-carrier,
shell feeding tube, and a vertically reciprocated rod, of a horizontally rotating shell
placer provided with cells, and means for revolving the same, substantially as
described.
7. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the actuating
mechanism, of a shell carrier in the form of a ring provided with cells, and having
notches on the inner rim, and gear teeth on the periphery of its lower part, and
mechanism for rotating the same, substantially as described.
8. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with a shell carrier, sub-
stantially as described, of a vertical shaft provided with a cap having a pin near its
periphery carrying a block which slides in a box formed in an oscillating lever, an
oscillating lever, a cam on the driving shaft, a rod having a crank on its lower end
provided with a pin or roll riding in the groove of the cam, and on its upper end a
short arm or lever, and a spring pressed lever, whereby the shell carrier is given an
intermittent movement, substantially as described.
9. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the driving shaft
having crank wheels at each end provided with crank pins, of two reciprocating
shafts having box-yokes at their lower ends in which said crank pins slide in blocks,
and carrying at their upper ends a tool carrier provided with loading tools, sub-
stantially as described.
10. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the powder and
shot magazines, of a charge slide or bar provided with an aperture having a cup or
ring to regulate the charge of powder or shot, substantially as described.
11. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the powder and
shot magazines, of a charge slide provided with an aperture, and having gear teeth
at one end, a segment gear and rack bar fixed to a guide rod secured to the tool
carrier, whereby with the upward and downward movement of the tool carrier the
charge slide is given a forward and backward movement, as and for the purpose
described.
12. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the shell carrier,
the wad-feeding wad-cutting and placing devices, and the powder and shot
magazines, of two crimpers, successively operating by suitable means and mechanism
upon the cartridge shell, substantially as described.
13. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the rotating shell
placer, shell carrier and tool carrier, of shell feeding and shell delivery tubes, and
an ejector, substantially as described.
14. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the driving shaft
of cam, D, having opposed faces, a rod, K, having an arm at its lower end provided
with a pin or roll working in and operated by said cam, and at its upper end a short
arm or lever, K³, whereby the locking lever, K³ is released from engagement with
the shell carrier, substantially as described.
15. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the shell carrier in
the form of a ring, a tool holder, and loading devices; of wad feeding rolls, wad-
cutting and wad-placing devices arranged on a circular line, and ratchet and pawl
mechanism for operating the wad feeding rolls, substantially as described.
16. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the primary
actuating mechanism, shafts, H', H', tool holder, I, slotted lever, W, and pawl and

page_text: ratchet, W; of the wad feeding rolls, W, arranged in a circular line on the
table, B, and geared together by the bevel gears, w, whereby said rolls are given
simultaneous movement, substantially as described.
17. In a machine for loading cartridges, the combination with the ring-shaped
shell-carrier, F, provided with cells, f', for receiving and holding the shells while
being charged, and the tool carrier, I; of the powder and shot magazines, having
actuated charge slides provided with charge regulating rings, and the wad-cutting
and wad-placing devices arranged above and in a circular line with said shell-
carrier, whereby predetermined charges of powder and shot are delivered into the
shells in said carrier, and wads are cut and rammed or placed on said charges
successively, as set forth and described.
Dated this 8th day of July 1892.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.