IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOCKS AND OTHER FASTENINGS
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BRADFORD, of Torquay, in the County of Devon, Jeweller, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-second day of
July, One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the fourteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Bradford, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said James Bradford, my
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Bradford, my
exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-npon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOCKS AND OTHER FASTENINGS;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that I, the said James Bradford, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to
be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Bradford, hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the present Specification thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
Firstly, my improvements in locks consist in the addition thereto of spring
bolts or catches, which take into the tumbler or into the bolt of the lock, and
are disposed in such positions that. the tumbler or bolt cannot be moved with
a picker or other such instrument, until the spring bolt or catch has been
removed.
Figure 1 is a back view of a drawer lock constructed with these improve-
ments; Figure 2 is a front view of it, and Figure 3 a view of the interior of
the lock with the cap plate removed. A is the lock plate; B, a cap which
covers the springs C and D, shewn in Figure 4, which is a view of the back
of the lock with the cap B removed. The spring Cis immediately opposite
to the lock pin E, which is made hollow, and has fitted into it a small rod or
pin a, the head of which rests upon the spring C. Within the pipe of the key
there is fitted a pin a', of the same size as the pin a, inserted into the hollow
pin of the lock. The lengths of these pins are so arranged that when the key
lock, it causes the pin a to press against the spring C, and
which withdraws a pin b,
The withdrawing of the.
Unless the key used
is put into the
thereby raise up the free end of that spring,
which takes into a hole drilled in the bolt F.
pin allows the key to push over the bolt.
for the lock was provided with arrangements for acting upon the
pin b, the bolt could not be shifted by it. In the bolt there is another hole
which receives the pin when the bolt is in its locked position. The
spring D has a pine attached to it, which, like the pin b, takes into one or
other of two holes f, f, which are drilled in the bolt F, that is, when the bolt
is in its locked and open positions, and prevents the bolt from being shifted
out of either of those positions, unless when the pin e is withdrawn from the
bolt, which is effected by means of the projecting piece g formed upon the
lower edge of the key, shewn separately in Figure 5, which, during the
turning round of the key within the lock, presses upon a projecting ledgo
h formed upon the side of the plate G. Edge and end views of the plate G
are given in Figures 6 and 7.
Figure 8 is an edge view of the entire lock. When the key presses
upon the edge of the plate G it raises up the spring D and the pin e
attached to it from its hold of the bolt of the lock, and allows it,
during that interval, to be shifted, either to be locked or unlocked. Upon

page_text: the face of the lock there is an arrangement somewhat similar to that
last described, by which a pin e' is made to take into a hole h drilled in
the tumbler H, and by which the tumbler is prevented from being raised so
as to liberate the bolt F until that pin has been removed. The projecting
ping upon the key actuates the plate G' and the spring D' in the same way
as has been described in regard to the movement of the similar parts upon
the opposite side of the lock. The bolt F is furnished with a guard F* upon
that edge of it nearest to the key, which forms a complete obstruction to the
passing of any picker over to lift the tumbler.
Figure 9 is an edge view of a chest lock constructed upon the same prin-
ciple as the lock just described, and Figure 10 a back view of Figure 9, with
the cap removed. Figure 11 is a front view of the lock with the cap plato
removed, in order to shew the interior. A is a spring, which is attached to
the plate of the lock by the screws a, a, and has a pin b connected to it (at
the other (nd), which pin passes through the lock plate B and takes into one
or other of the holes c, c, in the bolt C. The bolt C is liberated from the
hold of the pin 6 when the key is put into the lock by means of the pin or
rod a, which is inserted into the hollow "pin of the lock," D being pressed
downwards by the pin a' placed in the upper end of the pipe of the key, as
before explained. E is another spring, which is actuated by the plate F, and
carries a 1 in e, which also takes into holes f. f, in the bolt C. The plate F
is similar to the plate G, shewn separately in Figures 6 and 7, and is raised
up by means of the projecting piece upon the edge of the key, all as before
explained. From the preceding description given of the additional parts
which I have put to the locks represented in the Drawings, it will be obvious
that the same principles of construction, with very slight modifications, may
be applied to locks of other descriptions.
Secondly, my improvement in fastenings has for its object the prevention
of broaches and other articles from becoming unloosened from the dress or
person, unless when desired by the wearer. Figure 12 is a side view,
and Figure 13 a plan, of the back of a brooch fitted with this fastening.
A is the frame of the brooch. B, the pin, which is jointed to the frame
at C. D is the fastening for the free end of the pin. It consists of two
sliding pieces, which move in sockets on cach side of the space occupied by
the end of the pin, as shewn on an enlarged scale in Figure 14. The slide E
bas a hole drilled in the end of it; the other slide F is furnished with a pin,
so that when the two slides are brought together they form a lock which
prevents the pin D from rising up and getting loose from the garment in
which it is placed. One of these slides may be omitted, in which case the

page_text: end of the bolt would take into the socket, now occupied by the slide so
dispensed with, as exemplified in Figure 15. The slides are in each case
kept in their place by means of pins a, a, which are fixed in the sockets, and
which take into grooves formed in the slides.
And having now described my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that which I claim is as follows:-
First, I claim the constructing of locks with spring bolts or catches which
take into the bolt and tumbler of the lock, both or either of them, at the
parts and in the manner represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, and 11 of
the Drawings hereunto annexed and before described. And
Second, I claim the construction of fastenings for brooches and other
articles cither with double or single slides, as before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bradford, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of January One thousand cight