IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS ADAPTED TO BE USED FOR REFRIGERATING; AND ALSO FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward George Peacock, of No. 14, Union
Street, Bath, in the County of Somerset, for the Invention. of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS ADAPTED TO BE USED FOR REFRIGERATING;
AND ALSO FOR HEATING PURPOSES.”
Sealed the 8th November 1870, and dated the 13th May 1870:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by the said Edward George Peacock,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,.on
the 13th May 1870.
I, EDWARD GEORGE. PEACOCK, of No. 14, Union Street, Bath, in the
County of Somerset, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS ADAPTED TO BE USED FOR REFRIGERATING,
ALSO FOR HEATING PURPOSES," to be as follows :—
AND
be
The object of this Invention is to provide apparatus which may
used for refrigerating purposes or at other times as a hot closet for
retaining a sufficient degree of heat in cooked provisions. whilst pre-
paring them for the table or for other uses.

page_text: For these purposes the sides of the apparatus form two separate
compartments, the outer of which forms either a cold dry air or a hot-
air chamber, as the case may be. The second compartment is to contain
ice water which may be put in motion by a syphon placed therein. The
shorter leg of this syphon extends to or near the bottom of this com-
partment, and the bend of it rises to within a short distance of the top
of it. The longer leg of the syphon is carried through into the bottom
ice box, and there is applied to it a tap to prevent or regulate the flow
of water when necessary. The object of this syphon is to draw off the
ice water, or it may be used as an indicator when filling. In this com-
partment when the apparatus is used as a hot closet there will be a
circulation of hot water. The bottom of the apparatus is formed
double, and by preference convexed inside and out on the top of this
part when for refrigerating purposes there is an ice box or reservoir at
or near the centre of which there is a hole to admit air from a perforated
pipe inserted in it, and which is covered with a convexed cap or plate
to disperse the air so admitted through the ice. The sides and back of
the reservoir so formed is perforated with holes, which are carried
through by tubes to the outer compartment or air chamber. At the top
of the apparatus is formed an ice box or reservoir with a convex bottom
but not double; in the centre of it there is a hole to receive a perforated
pipe covered with a convexed cap or plate; the sides and back are also
perforated to communicate with the air chamber, thus forming a passage
or channel for a current of cold, dry, or hot air, as the case may be,
through the inner or provision chamber, and around the ice or hot
water chamber. In the sides and back of the top ice box or reservoir
there are passages with screw or other plugs, which passages may
used to communicate with the ice or hot-water chamber, the screw or
other plugs to be left out when used for ice to allow the water as the
ice melts to pass off through the door, back, and sides of refrigerator,
also for filling with water when the apparatus is used as a hot closet.
The screw or other plugs to be replaced after filling for hot water. The
door or doors of the apparatus may be double, and with an inner
chamber of sheet metal to allow the iced water or water from the icc to.
pass down the door or doors. The water thus passing down will pass
off by a tap or taps at the bottom of the door or doors, and escapc into
the bottom ice box, in the bottom of which there is a pipe with a tap to
draw off the waste water. There is also a pipe and tap under the
be

page_text: bottom to draw off the ice or hot water, as the case may be. 'Shelves
are applied by preference of bright metal and tubular, allowing sufficicnt
space between them for air to circulate freely when any dish or plate
or other vessel may be placed thercon. The shelves are connected to
the water chamber at the back, so that the cooled icc water or the hot
water, as the case may be, may circulate through such tubes. The shelves
may be removed at will by placing caps or plugs over the connecting
parts. A moveable shelf of perforated metal is also placed over the
top of bottom ice box. The top ice box is also covered with a jointed
lid, the inside of which is double with an air chamber. This chamber
is also perforated to allow a current of air to pass through into the
chamber below, for which purpose there is placed in the top of the lid
à valve or ventilator with a shifting plate, which may be opened to
admit or closed to exclude or otherwise to regulate the flow of air, as
the case may require. This valve when open will admit a current, which
will pass between the ice, through cach ice box or reservoir and be cooled
to a low temperature, circulating freely through the provision and air
chambers in the hottest weather. Under the bottom of the apparatus is
also placed a circulating boiler made of sheet metal, tubular, and con-
nected with the water chamber or compartments by unions or other
suitable connections. The top and sides of the boiler are also covered
with a reflector of bright sheet metal, outside of which is placed an iron
case, and at the bottom of it a double ring pipe with perforations or
jets to admit a flame or jet of gas up each tube. In place of gas, oil
or other lamp may be used. The boiler reflector and gas jet may be
placed in a stove, at the top of which is a hot closet to warm plates or
boil liquids, or otherwise cook by the heat obtained. Such refrigerating
apparatus or hot closets without the boiler attached are adapted to be
connected to circulating pipes from other suitable boilers.
"

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, givo
and grant unto me, the said Edward George Peacock, Her special
licence, that I, the said Edward George Peacock, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward George Peacock,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, ex-
ercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IN-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS ADAPTED TO BE USED FOR REFRIGERATING, AND ALSO
FOR HEATING PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Edward George Peacock, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW ¸YE, that I, the said Edward George Peacock, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is to provide apparatus which may be
used for refrigerating purposes or at other times as a hot closet for
retaining a sufficient degree of heat in cooked provisions whilst pro-
paring them for the table or for other uses. For these purposes the
sides of the apparatus form two separate compartments the outer of
which forms either a cold dry air or a hot air chamber, as the case
may be. The second compartment is to contain ice water which may be
put in motion by a syphon placed therein. The shorter leg of this
syphon extends to or near the bottom of this compartment, and the
bend of it rises to within a short distance of the top of it. The longer
leg of the syphon is carried through into the bottom ice box, and there
is applied to it a tap to prevent or regulate the flow of water when
necessary. The object of this syphon is to draw off the ice water or it

page_text: may be used as an indicator when filling. In this compartment when
the apparatus is used as a hot closet there will be a circulation of hot
water. The bottom of the apparatus is formed double, and by preference
convexed inside and out. On the top of this part when for refrigerating
purposes, there is an ice box or reservoir at or near the centre of which
there is a hole to admit air from a perforated pipo inserted in it, and
which is covered with a convexed cap or plate to disperse the air so
admitted through the ice. The sides and back of the reservoir so formed
are perforated with holes which are
outer compartment or air chamber.
carried through by tubes to tho
At the top of the apparatus is
formed an ice box or reservoir with a convex bottom, but not double.
In the centre of it there is a hole to receive a perforated pipe covered
with a convexed cap or plate, the sides and back are also perforated to
communicate with the air chamber, thus forming a passage or channel
for a current of cold dry or hot air, as the case may be, through the
inner or provision chamber and around the ice or hot water chamber.
In the sides and back of the top ice box or reservoir there are passages
with screw or other plugs, which passages may be used to communicate
with the ice or hot water chamber, the screw or other plugs to be left
out, when used for ice to allow the water as the ice melts to pass off
through the door, back, and sides of refrigerator, also for filling with .
water when the apparatus is used as a hot closet. The screw or other
plugs to be replaced after filling for hot water. The door or doors of
the apparatus may be double and with an inner chamber of sheet
metal to allow the ice water or water from the ice to pass down the door
or doors. The water thus passing down will pass off by a tap or taps
at the bottom of the door or doors and escape into the bottom ice
box, in the bottom of which there is a pipe with a tap to draw.off the
waste water. There is also a pipo and tap under the bottom to draw off
the ice or hot water, as the case may be. Shelves are applied by
preference of bright metal, and tubular, allowing sufficient space between
them for air to circulate freely when any dish or plate or other vessel
may be placed thereon. The shelves are connected to the water
chamber at the back so that the cooled ice water or the hot water, as
thic case may be, may circulate through such tubes. The shelves may
be removed at will by placing caps or plugs over the connecting parts.
A moveable shelf of perforated metal is also placed over the top of
bottom icc box. The top icc box is also covered with a jointed lid, the
inside of which is double with an air chamber. This chamber is also.

page_text: perforated to allow a current of air to pass through into the chamber
below, for which purpose there is placed in the top of the lid a valve
or ventilator with a shifting plate which may be opened to admit or
closed to exclude, or otherwise to regulate the flow of air, as the case
may require. This valve when open will admit a current which will
pass between the ice, through each ice box or reservoir, and be cooled to
a low temperature, circulating freely through the provision and air
chambers in the hottest weather. Under the bottom of the apparatus is
also placed a circulating boiler made of sheet metal tubular and con-
nected with the water chamber or compartment by unions or other
suitable connections. The top and sides of the boiler are also covered
with a reflector of bright sheet metal, outside of which is placed an iron
case, and at the bottom of it a double ring pipe with perforations or jets
to admit a flame or jet of gas up each tube. In place of gas, oil or
other lamp may be used. The boiler reflector and gas jet may be placed
in a stove, at the top of which is a hot closet to warm plates or boil
liquids or otherwise cook by the heat obtained. Such refrigerating
apparatus or hot closets without the boiler attached are adapted to be
connected to circulating pipes from other suitable boilers.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means pursued by mo
in carrying the same into effect.
Figure 1 represents a front elevation of an arrangement of apparatus
constructed according to my Invention with one of the doors and the lid
thereof left open, showing a portion of the interior.
a is an air chamber in the lid or cover shewing holes for ventilation ;
b is a water chamber in the door; c, c, are the top and bottom icc boxes
or reservoirs; d, d, is a tap with a long shank or handle reaching outside
the safe for the purpose of conveying water into the cup at the top
of water chamber 6 in the door; c is a tap at bottom of the water
chamber b, with a shank or handle passing through the door to convey
water thus admitted into the bottom ice box or reservoir c.
These taps
are to be left open when the doors aro closed to allow water that may
come from the melting of the ice to trickle down the chamber 6 into the
bottom ice box or reservoir c.
The doors and the lid aro packed with a suitable material adapted to
exclude air passing into the safe, except through the top and bottom
ventilators.

page_text: Figure 2 represents a side view of the apparatus, Figure 1 shewing
ventilator at top and taps at bottom for drawing off iced and wasto
water.
Figure 3 represents a longitudinal section of the apparatus, Figure 1.
c, c, arc icc boxes or reservoirs, the bottoms of which are formed
convex, thus allowing the water that may come from the melting of
the ice therein to trickle into the water chambers; S., are perforated-
air tubes or passages fixed in the bottoms of the chambers c, c, and
covered with conical caps f¹, f', so that air may pass through each of:
such tubes or passages f, whilst any water that may come from the icc
will trickle down into the water chambers, and thus be provented from.
coming in contact with provisions placed in the intermediate compart-.
ments of the safe. The air thus admitted will be dispersed between the
ice by the conical caps f, f, and thereby circulated freely through the
provision and air chambers. 9, 9, 9, are water chambers or reservoirs to
retain the water which may come from the melting of the ice or for
boiling purposes when the apparatus is used as a hot closet; h, h, are
holes carried through the water chambers by tubes to the outer or air
chamber i, i, i, j, j, are tubular shelves; k is a compartment for con-
taining water or other liquid to be cooled.
Figure 4 represents a cross section of the apparatus, Figure 1 shewing
the ice boxes or reservoirs c, c, the air tubes f,f, with conical caps f."',ƒ',
the water chambers, the air holes h, h, the back air chamber i, the
tubular shelves j,j, through which the water circulates, and the com-
partment for cooling water or other liquid which may be drawn off
through the tap l.
Figure 5 represents a vertical section of one of the doors thereof,
shewing the water chamber b, the cup at the top thereof for conveying
water down the door or doors to the tap e.
Figure 6 represents a plan of one of the ice boxes or reservoirs, shewing
the top of air tube fand conical capf', f'; m, m, arc projecting ribs to
divide the water that may come from the melting of the ice, so that
it may trickle down in equal proportions through the openings n, n, n, n,
into the water chamber or compartment.
Figure 7 shews a plan of one of the tubular shelves, the water filling
cach tube and circulating freely through the whole.
Figure 8 shews a plan of circulating boiler for hicating water when
the apparatus is to be used as a lot closet.

page_text: Figure 9 represents a section of Figure 8 shewing unions for con-
necting to bottom of water chamber reflector, outer iron case, double
The syphon in the water chamber is not
shewn in the Drawing, but will readily be understood.
ring burner for jets of gas.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and means t
I adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction and
arrangement of parts as shewn and described, as these may be con-
siderably varied to circumstances; but what I claim is, the adaptation
or combination of parts forming apparatus adapted to be used for
refrigerating, and also for heating purposes, substantially as shewn
and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward George Peacock, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy. 1