IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING CLOTH OR YARN FOR DYEING OR PRINTING
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nathaniel Lloyd, of the City of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, and Robert Ellis Green, of Church, in the
same County, for the Invention of." IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING
CLOTH OR YARN FOR DYEING OR PRINTING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathaniel Lloyd and
Robert Ellis Green at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 12th April 1872.
We, NATHANIEL LLOYD, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, and ROBERT ELLIS GREEN, of Church, in the same County,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PREPARING CLOTH OR YARN FOR DYEING OR PRINTING," to be as follows:-
"
This Invention relates to the manner of treating cotton or linen yarns
or goods with oil preparatory to dyeing or printing. We modify or
oxydize the oil by treating it either after being applied to the cloth or
yarn, or in its natural state to be- subsequently used in the preparation

page_text: of cloth or yarn for dyeing or printing, with a compound of chlorine and
oxygen either in combination with an alkali or separately. By this
means we save much time in preparing the goods or yarns for the
dyeing or printing processes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Nathaniel Lloyd and Robert Ellis Green in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th October 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, NATHANIEL
LLOYD, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and
ROBERT ELLIS GREEN, of Church, in the same County, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and Robert Ellis Green,
Her special license that we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and Robert Ellis
Green, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and Robert Ellis Green, our exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING
CLOTH OR YARN FOR DYEING OR PRINTING," upon the condition, amongst
others, that we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and Robert Ellis Green, by
an instrument in writing under our hands and seals (or under the hand
and seal of one of us) should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Nathaniel Lloyd and Robert
Ellis Green, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say)
:-

page_text: This Invention relates to the manner of treating cotton or linen yarns
or goods with oil preparatory to dyeing or printing. We modify or
oxydise the oil by treating it either after being applied to the cloth or
yarn, or in its natural state to be subsequently used in the preparation
of cloth or yarn for dyeing, or printing, with a compound of chlorine and.
oxygen in combination with an alkali. By this means we save much
time in preparing the goods or yarns for the dyeing or printing processes.
The manner of carrying out this Invention is as follows:-After;
causing the yarn or fabric to be oiled in the usual manner, by impreg-.
nating it with oil of the sort usually employed by Turkey red dyers or
with an emulsion composed of such oil and an alkali we pass it through a.
solution of hypochlorite of soda or potash, but we prefer the hypochlorite
of soda on account of its economy, and use it at a strength shewing three
and a half degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer. After passing the goods
through this hypochlorite we dry them and repeat the operation till
the oil in them appears sufficiently changed or modified, which is shewn
by the goods having lost the greasy nature and become of a dry and
stiff appearance.
The number of operations required depends upon the nature of the
fabric or yarn which it is intended to prepare for dying or printing, but
we find that for the greater number of sorts from six to ten immersions
in the hypochlorite with a drying between each operation is sufficient.
The goods are then ready for washing and cleaning in the usual way
before being mordanted, and the subsequent operations are also performed
as usual.
Another method of carrying out our Invention is to modify the oil
before impregnating the goods with it. For this purpose we take the
usual good olive oil, such as is generally used by Turkey red dyers, and
mix it with hypochlorite of soda or potash, but as in the other process
we prefer the hypochlorite of soda, and wo mix the two in such propor-
tions as to form a white emulsion. Some oils require more hypochlorite
than others, the amount depending on certain unknown conditions or
state of the oil, but we believe that fourteen parts of hypochlorite of
soda at three and a half degrees Twaddle will be found generally suffi-
cient to one part by measure of oil. We then impregnate the goods
which are intended to be prepared with this emulsion either by causing
them to pass through it or by forcing it through a pile of the goods in
the manner that bleachers force their ash and other liquors through

page_text: their goods. The goods are then dried and the operation is repeated
according to the depth or tone of color which it is ultimately desired
to produce, repeating it six or seven times when the deepest shade is
required. The goods are then ready for washing and cleaning as usual,
and the subsequent operations of mordanting, dying, and finishing are 5
as usual also.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to
be understood that we claim the modifying of oil when it is intended
to be used or being used as a preparation for dyeing or printing by the 1
action of hypochlorite of soda or hypochlorite of potash.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Ellis Green, for and on
behalf of myself and the said Nathaniel Lloyd, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
1
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
before-named Robert Ellis Green,
in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
ROB³. E. GREEN. (N.S.)