Improvements in and Connected with Sawing Stone and like Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 28th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 5th Oct.,
1889
Improvements in and Connected with Sawing Stone and like
Materials.
1, JOHN PICкOVER 4 Essex Street Nelson Lancashire Stone Mason do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to facilitate the sawing of stone, and this object I
attain by the use of a series of circular saws of different diameters, and so arranged
that the saw of smallest diameter acts upon the stone first, and that of the largest
diameter last, so that a kerf of gradually increasing depth is formed as the stone is
moved past the saws.
This invention relates to machinery for sawing stone, and, consists of a fixed frame,
having suitable bearings for the saw spindles, which are constructed, as the ordinary
circular saw spindles, and provided with suitable clamps to secure the saws to their
respective spindles. Each spindle is driven by a belt passing over a belt pulley on
one end of each spindle. The series of circular saws of different diameters secured
to their respective spindles are arranged that the saw of the smallest diameter acts
upon the stone first, and that of the largest diameter.last, so that a kerf of gradually-
increasing depth is formed as the stone is moved past the saws.
The smallest sized saw, I prefer to make in one piece; but the larger saws I make
up of a series of segments or plates secured together by means of double dove-
tailed keys fitting in dovetailed notches in the tapered faces of the segments,, so
that when two segments are placed together the keys may be inserted in the dove-
tailed notches, to hold the segments in place.
The opposite beveled edges of the keys are preferably grooved, and the edges in
the segments tongued for adaption thereto, the keys being bent so that they can
enter the notches, and perfectly secure the whole of the segments.to each other in one
complete saw. The keys are thicker than the saw blade, so as to form projections
on each side of the blade, these projections, when the saw enters the kerf in the
stone, tending to steady the saw in its movement, for it should be understood that the
sand and water used in connection with the saws cause the formation of .a kerf
wider than the thickness of the saw blade. The saws have curved teeth, which
act with the curved faces in advance, so as to drive the sand or other abrading
material forward and downward into the kerf, and thus ensure the best cutting
effect.
Mounted above the saws is,a sand trough having tubes, which lead in front of the
saws, and a water supply pipe having a bent tube in front of each saw, this tube
being so set in relation to the sand tube that the water will feed the same to the. kerf
formed by the sand at the proper point.
Mounted on suitable rails, on the base of the machine, is a carriage.or.truck, having
suitable wheels. This truck is provided with a hook in front, and a draft rope, is
attached to this hook, and connected to a winding engine. On the truck is mounted
the stone to be sawn, the top of the stone being, set a little above the cutting edge
of the first or smallest saw of.the series.
When therefore, the winding engine is put in motion, the carriage will be drawn
slowly towards the saws and the first saw will cut a shallow kerf in the stone,
the next saw deepening the kerf, the next saw cutting it still deeper, and so on, the
last saw of the series being preferably of such diameter as to finish the cutting of
the kerf through the stone.
Any suitable number of saws may be used on each spindle, depending upon the
character of the work for which the machine is intended. In the present instance, I
provide the sawi spindle with fast and loose pullies, and, provide each pair of pullies
with a shipper, through which the driving strap passes,
0

page_text: Each shipper lever is mounted on a vertical shaft, adapted to suitable bearings on
the frame of the machine, and this vertical shaft has near its lower end an arm,
which projects into the path of the carriage. A spring acting upon an arm tends to
keep the parts in such position as to throw the belt upon the loose pulley ; but when
the arm is struck and moved by the carriage in the forward movement of the latter
the belt will be shifted from the loose to the fast pulley. The arm of each saw
spindle is so situated in respect to the carriage that motion will be imparted to the
saw just before it reaches that portion of the kerf in which it begins to cut, thus
preventing the unnecessary loss of power which would be caused by driving non-
working saws.
In place of the fast and loose pullies and movable belt, a clutch of the ordinary
construction may be used without departing from my invention.
The above described mechanism may be used in sawing other material other than
stone such as wood and metal without departing from my invention, the saws in such
case, being modified, as required by the different character of the work to be
performed. It will be evident, also, that the stone may be fixed and the saw
carrying frame traversed in respect thereto without departing from the invention.
Dated this 27th day of November 1888
JOHN PICKOVER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Connected with Sawing Stone and like
Materials.
I, JOHN PICKOVER, 4 Essex Street, Nelson, Lancashire, Stone Mason do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to facilitate the sawing of stone, and this object
I attain by the use of a series of circular saws of different diameters, and so
arranged that the saw of smallest diameter acts upon the stone first, and that of
the largest diameter last, so that a "kerf" of gradually increasing depth is formed as
the stone is moved past the saws.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved
stone sawing machine. Fig. 2 is a view, partly in transverse section, on the line 1, 2.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of part of one of the saw blades and Fig. 4 is a diagram
of the belt shifting device.
A is the fixed frame of the machine on which are bearings for the saw spindle B,
six of which are shewn in the present instance, although more or less may be
used if desired. These saw spindles are constructed in the same manner as ordinary
circular saw. spindles, and have clamp washers d for the saws D, D¹, D², D³, D¹
and Ds and each of the spindles is driven by a belt passing over a belt pulley Con
one end of the spindle; all of the saws being driven at the same speed, or some at a
higher speed than others as circumstances require.
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The smaller sized saws I prefer to make in one piece as shewn ; but the larger
saws, I make up of a series of segments or plates, secured together by means of double
dove-tailed keys E fitting in dovetailed notches e in the tapered faces of the segments,
so that when two segments are placed together the keys E may be inserted in the
dove-tailed notches to hold the segments in place. The opposite bevelled edges of the
keys are preferably grooved and the edges of the notches in the segments tongued
for adaptation thereto as shewn in Fig. 3. The keys are thicker than the saw
blade, so as to form projections on each side of the blade, and these projections, when
the saw enters the kerf in the stone, tend to steady the saw in its movement; for it
should be understood that the sand and water used in connection with the saws cause
the formation of a kerf wider than the thickness of the saw blade. The saws have
curved teeth, which act with the curved faces in advance, so as to drive the sand or
other abrading material forward and downward into the kerf, and thus ensure the best
cutting effect.
J.. "

page_text: Mounted above the saws is a sand trough F having tubes f, which lead. in front
of the saws as shewn in Fig. 1; and G is a water supply pipe having a pendant
tube in front of each saw, this tube being so set in relation to the sand-tube,
that the water will feed the same to the kerf formed by the saw at the proper
point. Mounted on suitable rails H H on the base of the machine is a carriage or
track I, having suitable wheels i i. This track is provided with a hook j in front, and
a draft rope J is attached to this hook and connected to any winding engine, the drum
of which is shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 1; this engine being of any ordinary
construction; or other mechanism-such as a hand windlass being used without
departing from my invention.
On the track I is mounted the stone to be sawed, the top of the stone being set a
little above the cutting edge of the first or smallest saw D of the series as shewn in
Fig. 1. When the winding engine is put in motion, therefore, the carriage I will be
drawn slowly towards the saws, and the first saw will cut a shallow kerf, the next
saw deepening the kerf, the next saw cutting it still deeper, and so on, the last
saw D of the series being preferably of such diameter as to finish the cutting of
the kerf through the stone.
I have shewn four saws mounted on each spindle; but it will be evident that
more or less may be used on each spindle, depending on the character of the work for
which the machine is intended. In the present instance, I provide the saw
spindles with fast and loose pulleys with a shipper M, through which the driving belt
passes.
Each shipper lever is mounted on a vertical spindle or shaft N, adapted to
suitable bearings n on the frame of the machine, and this vertical shaft has near its
lower end an arm M' which projects into the path of the carriage I. A spring
acting upon an arm m tends to keep the parts in such position as to throw the belt
upon the loose pulley C¹; but when the arm M is struck and moved by the carriage
in the forward movement of the latter, the belt will be shifted from the loose to the
fast pulley.
The arm M of each saw spindle is so situated in respect to the carriage I that motion
will be imparted to the saw just before it reaches that portion of the kerf in which it
begins to cut thus preventing the unnecessary loss of power which would be caused
by driving non-working saws. In place of the fast and loose pulley and movable
belt, a clutch of the ordinary construction may be used without departing from
my invention.
The above described mechanism may be used in sawing other material than stone-
such as wood and metal without departing from my invention, the saws in such
case being modified as required by the different character of the work to be
performed.
It will be evident, also, that the stone may be fixed and the saws carrying frame
traversed in respect thereto without departing from my invention, although the
construction shewn on the drawings is preferred.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of a stone carrier, a saw carrier having a series of different
diameters mounted in line, one in advance of another, means of moving one of said
carriers in respect to the other, and sand feeders discharging into the kerf in advance
of each saw of the series, all substantially as described.
2. The combination, in a sectional saw, of a series of segments having dove-tailed
notches in their edges, with double dove-tailed keys fitting in said notches, said keys
being thicker than the blade of the saw, all substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
3. The combination of the stone carrier, the saw carrying frame, having a series of
saws of different diameters, stopping and starting mechanism for each saw spindle,

page_text: and a controlling arm projecting into the path of the stone carrier, whereby as one
carrier is traversed in respect of the other, the saw will successively set in motion,
substantially as set; forth.
"THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent for the Applicant.