IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Maniere, of Bedford Row, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS."-A communication from Monsr. Chatel,
jeune, of Paris.
Sealed the 22nd May 1855, and dated the 9th December 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Maniere at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th December 1854.
I, EDWARD MANIERE, of Bedford Row, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS" to be as follows:-
The improved lamp is constructed in the following manner :-The oil reser-
voir is in one arrangement situated above the level of the burner, and is so
formed and placed as to act also by its inner surface as the reflector of the
lamp. The only opening into the oil vessel is at the burner, which communi-
cates with it by means of a tube. Thus, as the oil is consumed by the wick,
air enters at the air hole by the side of the burner, and passes through the tube
to the oil vessel, and causes oil to descend from the vessel to the burner. The
reservoir is filled through the burner, which for this purpose turns on the end
of the tube to which it is attached; or, in place of this form of oil reservoir,
an oil bottle or vessel is employed, which for the purpose of filling is removed

page_text: from the lamp, and the oil is poured in at the mouth, which is then closed by
a valve; then the bottle or vessel is inverted, and the mouth inserted into a
tube or socket attached to the tube leading to the burner. From this bottle
or vessel the oil descends to the burner, the air being admitted by an air tube
communicating with the tube or socket in which the neck of the bottle or
vessel is placed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the' Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Maniere in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th June 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
MANIERE, of Bedford Row, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One. thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of.
Her reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Edward Maniere, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Maniere, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Edward Maniere, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAMPS," a communication from Monsieur Chatel, jeune, of Paris, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Maniere, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Maniere, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):-
The improved lamp is constructed in the following manner :-The oil reser-
voir is in one arrangement situated above the level of the burner, and is so
formed and placed as to act also by its inner surface as the reflector of the

page_text: Figure 1 is a section, and Figure 2 a plan in section, of a lamp of suitable
form for lighting railway carriages. A is the dome, forming the top of the
lamp; it is hollow, so as to contain the supply of oil, and its under surface
forms the reflector of the lamp; B, B, are two horizontal tubes, which com-
municate by small apertures with the oil vessel; C is the burner, which is of
an ordinary description; it is connected to two short pieces of tube, which
pass over the horizontal tubes B, B, so as to allow the burner to turn between
them when the lamp is turned over, for the purpose of filling it with oil, which
is poured in at the burner C. In this form. of lamp, as the wick consumes
the oil in the burner, the air enters by a hole in the wick carrier, and passes
up the tubes B into the reservoir, and causes a further supply of oil to descend
to the burner.
Figure 3 is a section, and Figure 4 a plan in section, of a domestic lamp,
arranged in a similar manner. A is the top of the oil vessel, forming also the
reflector and reservoir, as already described; B is the descending tube; and
C. is the burner, by which the reservoir is filled with oil; it turns on the tube
B, as in Figures 1 and 2. Figures 5 and 6 show another similar form of
lamp, with a vertical reflector and oil reservoir A. B is the horizontal tube;
and C is the burner, which turns on the tube B, as before described. Figure 7
is a vertical section, and Figure 8 is a plan in section, of a lamp of a somewhat
different construction from those before described, it being so arranged that a

page_text: cylindrical wick can be employed. A is a receiver, in which the oil reservoir A'
is placed. At the bottom of the receiver A is a socket B, which receives the
neck a of the oil reservoir. In the socket B is an air hole, at the level at
which the oil should stand in the burner, and from this air hole proceeds a
small tube b, which rises up for a short distance, so that the oil may not escape
at the air hole. A tube connects the socket B with the burner C, which in
this case is fixed, and is of the ordinary Argand description, (or, if preferred, a
flat wick may be employed.) To supply this lamp with oil, the oil reservoir A'
is removed and turned over, so that the oil may be poured in at the neck a,
which is afterwards closed by drawing up the wire a', to which a conical plug
is attached. The reservoir is then replaced in the receiver A, and the conical
plug is by means of the wire a¹ removed from its seat in the neck, so as to
allow the oil to flow to the burner, which it does until the end of the air
tube b is covered; and as the oil is consumed by the burner, air enters by the
tube b, and passes up into the reservoir A¹ to supply the place of the oil which
descends to the burner. The wire a', as will be seen at Figure 9, passes
through a tube, which descends through the reservoir to the neck a, so that
there may be no leakage of air at the hole by which the wire passes through
the top of the oil reservoir; or it may, if preferred, pass through a ring of
cork at the top of the reservoir. D is a hood or cowl, which may be attached
to lamps placed in exposed situations, to prevent currents of air from descending
on to the flame
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to any of
the parts separately; but what I claim is, the modes of combining the several
parts of lamps herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Maniere, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
E. BARKER.
EDW. MANIÈRE.
(L.S.)