IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING TYPE
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-third day of April, in the thirteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Edward Newton, Her especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said William Edward Newton, my exors,
adiors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said William Edward Newton,
my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,.
Wales, the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies
and Plantatious abroad, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney,
Sark, and Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING TYPE;" being a
communication from abroad, in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, obliging me, the said William Edward Newton, by an instrument in
writing, under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery

page_text: within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear..
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Edward Newton, do hereby declare that the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thercon (that is to say) :-
:-
The nature of this Invention which has been communicated to me from
abroad, consists in arranging the mould block on a horizontal slide rest, which
is worked or vibrated by a cam on the main shaft, and is also furnished with
spiral springs to draw it back; in combination with this horizontal slide there
are levers for opening the mould block, and holding the matrix up to it and
in its place when the mould block is being charged with the type metal. On
the main shaft are also mounted two cams, one of which works the piston or
plunger in the well for the purpose of ejecting the fused metal into the mould
block, and the other cam acts on a set of levers for working a stopper within
the nipple or nozle of the fused metal bath, so as to cut off and regulate the
flow of the fused type metal while the mould. block is being drawn back to
discharge the type.
In order, however, to describe the Invention more particularly, I will refer
to the accompanying Drawings in which the same letters of reference denote
corresponding parts. Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the right-hand side of the
machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the left-hand side. Fig. 3 is a
horizontal view of the machine. Fig. 4 is a detached view of the horizontal
slide and levers in combination therewith. Fig. 5 is a cross section through
the mould block. Fig. 6 a side view of the matrix, spring matrix, and matrix
holder detached. Fig. 7 is a cross section of the fused metal bath, well,
plunger, nipple stopper, nipple stopper chamber, and other parts connected
therewith. Fig. 8 is a side view of the nipple stopper detached. A is the
bed or foundation plate of the machine B, the main shaft, supported on two
standards or bearings B³, and B³. C is a cam on the main shaft for actuating
the horizontal slide D, by means of a roller E mounted in bearings E², on its
underside. The horizontal slide is made of a peculiar shape, so as not to
interfere with the cam C immediately underneath it on the main shaft, and by
the fork shaped end room is allowed for working the levers which open the
mould block. On the front end of the slide D is a stem or rod F, supported in

page_text: which is
bearings G, whereby it is held in a horizontal position when vibrating back-
wards and forwards on the guideways or rests H, H. The horizontal slide
is canted on one side, or mounted obliquely in the guides, so as to be inclined
at an angle of about forty-five degrees, in order that the mould block shall,
when opening on returning from the nipple, allow the type to fall freely by its
own gravity from the block. I, is the mould block attached by means of screw
bolts to the end of the horizontal slide D. I is the upper half of the mould
block, and works on a hinge 13, which is secured to the back of the lower half
of the mould block by two screws I* and Is. J is a lever for opening the
mould block, and the upper end thereof is bent at right angles so as to fit into
a loop on the upper side of the mould block, for the purpose of opening and
shutting the same as the horizontal slide is vibrated backwards and forwards.
When vibrating backwards and forwards, the horizontal slide actuates two levers,
K and L, which are connected to the lower end of the lever J. The first of
these levers K is attached at one end at right angles to the lower end of J, and
at the other end to an adjustible bracket K³, on the shoulder (or junction of
the bow and shoulder) of the horizontal slide D, so as to allow length enough
of the lever to give free action to the downward pull of the lever
attached to the back end or nearly so of the lever K, and at its opposite end to
the stationary bearings or standards of the main shaft, so that as the horizontal
slide is moved backwards or forwards it draws on the end of K, which being
connected to the lower end of J, opens or shuts the mould block at the
required time. M is the matrix spring attached to the upper slide of the
horizontal slide; the point of this spring is inserted into a small indentation at
the
upper and back side of the matrix N, for the purpose of holding it up to
the mould block when being charged with metal. Against the. under side of
the point of the spring, the head of a small lever M³ is made to press for the
purpose of holding the matrix in firm contact with the mould block when the
horizontal slide is projected up to the nipple. This lever M² is about six inches
Jong, and is mounted at about its middle on a pin or stud attached to the
inside of the horizontal slide, so as to allow of its working when its lower end
comes in contact with an adjusting stop plate M³ on the back of the guide of
the horizontal slide. In the lower end of the lever M³ is an adjusting stop screw
M*, for the purpose of regulating the pressure under the end of the matrix spring
when it is forced against the stop plate by pushing up of the horizontal slide and
mould block. O is a right-angled lever, having an adjusting screw in its upper
end to hold against the lower end of the matrix N, and sustain it in its proper
place against the mould block. This lever O is mounted on a centre pin

page_text: attached to a shoulder piece O2, on the lower side of the under half of the
mould block. This stud or pin serves as a centre of action as the roller on
the horizontal end or leg of the lever O is raised or depressed, by running over
the blocks or rests 0%, by the backward and forward motion of the horizontal
slide and mould block. These blocks 03 are attached to the brace or cross
bar of the stand H, and are so constructed as to admit of adjustment for the
purpose of regulating the length of time that the horizontal leg of the lever O
is kept raised or depressed, and consequently the time that the lower end of
the matrix is kept in contact with the mould block. P¹ and P2 are two spiral
reacting springs, attached at one end to stationary parts of the machine frame,
and at their opposite ends to the horizontal slide, for the purpose of drawing
it from the nipple when the mould block has been charged, and also for
keeping the under side of the roller E always in close contact with the cam C
on the driving shaft. R is a cam for actuating the plunger or piston. It is
secured on the main shaft, and having an excentric variation of about three-
fourths of an incb, more or less, as may be required for the purpose of
elevating or depressing the horizontal lever R2. At one end of this lever is a
friction roller, and it is supported and works on a pin which is attached to the
stand Rs. At the other end of the lever R2 is a spiral reacting spring R', and
it is also jointed to a perpendicular connecting rod Rs, the upper end of which
is also connected by a pin to the outer end of the piston or plunger lever R.
This piston lever turns on a centre pin attached to the side of the frame which
supports the piston rod, and at its inner end is keyed to the piston rod S on
the lower end of which is a plunger S, seen best at Fig. 7. This piston or
plunger works in the molten metal well T, which is formed in the bottom of
the metal bath. T is a channel or passage way, communicating from the
lower part of the well to the nipple chamber U, for the admission of the fused
metal from the bath from behind the stopper, when forced into the aperture
of the nipple by the descent of the plunger, which ejects it into the matrix
when the stopper W has been withdrawn. V is a cam for actuating the
nipple stopper. This cam is about two inches in diameter, except for about
one-third of its circumference, which is abruptly reduced about half an inch,
more or less, so as to give sufficient motion as it rotates to actuate the back
end of the V-shaped bent lever V2. This lever works on a centre pin V³,
attached to the bed plate A, so as to work the outer end of the horizontal
stopper lever V, see Fig. 3, connected with it by a pin. The lever V is at
about midway of its length mounted on a stud or centre pin V, which is fixed
in the top of the cover of the metal bath, and the inner end of the lever Vis

page_text: connected to the stem of the nipple stopper, as seen best in Fig. 7, so that as
the V-shaped lever is actuated by the cam V it will move the nipple stopper W
out and in, so as to allow the well to be charged with the fused metal and the
metal to be discharged again therefrom into the matrix. The nipple stopper W
is placed within the interior of the nipple U, which is formed by boring in the
side of the bath a chamber U, of a suitable form and size to accommodate the
nipple stopper. A breech piece is inserted in the back of the nipple chamber,
so as to enclose the stopper, merely leaving a passage way for the stem of the
stopper to communicate with the end of the lever V. This chamber U2 is
made a little larger than the stopper, for the purpose of allowing room for the
flow of the fused metal by or past it when the stopper is drawn back and the
metal is being discharged into the mould block, and also when it is forced
forward into the aperture of the nipple to allow it to flow from the bath
through the orifice in the breech piece, for the stopper stem to the under side
of the plunger through the channel way T³. Underneath the roller end of the
lever V is a spiral reacting spring Vs, which holds the end of the lever firmly.
in contact with the cam, and draws it back so as to withdraw the stopper from
the aperture of the nipple while the mould block is being charged with the
fused metal. The fused metal bath is seen at X, Figures 3 and 7.
In the
middle of the bath is the well, and at the front side of this well is the nipple.
and nipple stopper chamber also. On the upper side of the metal bath is
bolted the frame X, which supports the piston rod S. The bath X is set on
the upper edges of a furnace Y, having a mouth or feed box Y in its side
for supplying it with fuel, and at the back is a smoke pipe Y³ for the escape.
of the gas.
The operation of these various parts is as follows:-When the machine is
set in motion by means of the driving wheel Z, the cam C acting on the
roller E causes the horizontal slide D to move up towards the bath. In doing
this the lever L, attached to the standards B at one end, and at the other to
the back end of the lever K, draws the latter down, and with it the vertical
lever J, which is connected to the other end of the lever K. This operation.
causes the mould block to be shut, and while this is being done the same
backward motion of the horizontal slide brings the adjusting screw M*, in
the lower end of the lever M, in contact with the stop plate M³, which throws
the upper end of the lever forward, and lifts and sustains the point of the
matrix spring. M. firmly in contact with the matrix N, and also causes the
horizontal end of the lever O to rise on the second or upper block O³, and
thereby throw the vertical leg back against the lower end of the matrix, so

page_text: that by the joint action of the levers M³ and O the matrix is kept firmly up to
its place against the mould block while being charged with the fused metal.
At the same time that the mould block is being presented to the nipple the
plunger cam R elevates the plunger S, and the cam V forces the stopper into
the vent of the nipple, allowing thereby the flow of the fused metal by the
stopper stem through the orifice in the breech piece to the interior of the
nipple chamber U2, and thence by the channel way T to the under side of
the plunger in the well. By the time this has been accomplished the mould
block has been presented to the nipple, and the nipple stopper cam V allows
the reacting spring V³ to draw back the stopper in the chamber U2, and closing
the entire orifice for the stem in the breech piece, while, simultaneously with
the motion of the stopper, the plunger is forced down and ejects the metal
from underneath it up the channel T into the chamber Us, and from thence
to the mould block. When the mould block has been charged, the reacting
springs P¹ and P2 draw forward the horizontal slide and mould block, thereby
releasing the levers J, K, and L, and allowing the mould block to open,
when, in consequence of the downward inclination of one end, the type falls
from it into a pan or box for receiving it.
Having now described the Invention that has been communicated to me as
aforesaid, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is, the em-
ployment of the horizontal slide, having a mould block for casting types
attached thereto, and levers J, K, and L, and spring M, spring holder M³, and
matrix lever O, and the oblique guide H, on which the horizontal slide runs in
combination, in form and manner and for the purposes herein set forth.
I also claim the employment, of the cams R and V on the main shaft, and
the levers operated upon, by, and through them, in combination with the
plunger and well, and stopper and nipple stopper chamber in a type casting
metal bath, for the purpose herein set forth.
And lastly, I claim the combination and arrangement of all the foregoing
parts to make and operate a type casting machine, as herein represented and
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.
W. E. (L.s.) NEWTON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-third day of October
in the year of our Lord 1850, the aforesaid William Edward Newton came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.