SPINNING, DYING, WEAVING, AND MANUFACTURING EAST INDIA SUNN HEMP INTO CARPETS AND CARPET RUGs
Year: 1807

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
PATY, of Saint Thomas's Watering, Kent Road, in the Parish of Saint Giles's,
Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eleventh day of April,
in the forty-seventh year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Paty, my exors, admors, and assigns, His special licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Thomas Paty, my exors, adñors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of fourteen years.
therein expressed, make, use, exercise, and vend, my Invention for "SPINNING,
DYING, WEAVING, AND MANUFACTURING EAST INDIA SUNN HEMP INTO CARPETS
AND CARPET RUGs," and vend such sunn carpets and rugs within that part
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, the
Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed; in which Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Thomas Paty, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to give a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
one calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, tho said
Thomas Paty, do hereby declare that my said Invention of dying, spinning,
weaving, and manufacturing East India sunn hemp into carpets and carpet
rugs, which I hereby specify, is done in the following manner :-
The sunn hemp must be taken from the bale as imported from India, and
dressed into three sorts on a cagg and clearer. The first or longest sort is
used for the purpose of being made and spun into yarn for the chain or warp
of the carpets and carpet rugs. The second is in like manner spun into yarn,
which is dyed, and used for the pile of the carpets or carpet rugs. The third
sort is spun into a coarser yarn for the shoot or weft.
The yarn spun of the sunn hemp, for the purpose of being employed for the
pile of the carpets and carpet rugs, is dyed in the skain various colours, such as
blue, green, yellow, black, brown, purple, buff, red, mulberry, marroon, woad,
green, and the various shades of these and other colours; and I particularly
claim as my Invention the application of the art of dyeing towards imparting
the said colours and shades of colours to the sunn hemp of India, for which
purpose I use the following drugs, dyeing stufls, and materials, viz*, cochineal,
argol, old and young fustic, peachwood, sumach, indigo, orchal, solution of tin,
chamberlye, alun, oil of vitriol, and copperas.
The materials having been thus properly spun, dyed, and prepared, they are
made into carpets or carpet rugs in a loom, of whose component parts and of
the manner of using them the following is a description:-The outer frame
consists of four posts six feet six inches high, and four rails five feet six inches
long, but the length and breadth of the frame and loom may vary according
to circumstances, and the size of the carpet or rug to be woven. The internal
parts of the loom are a breast beam, a cloth beam, and a yarn beam or harness
made of twine, with steel eyes equal to thirty-two score of threads or yarn, which
is sufficient for weaving a carpet three feet in width; for carpets of a greater
width the harness must vary in proportion. The reed is made of steel, so as to
take two threads to a dent, equal to sixteen score of dents for carpets or carpet
rugs three feet in width. The hand-shuttle, nine inches in length by four and
a half in breadth; one pair of battens; bobbins for the different sorts of yarn; a
sitting bench, and two treddles, with a roller for the upper part of the harness,
and pulleys to be fixed higher or lower as occasion requires, are made in the
usual manner. The warp or chain is in general dressed with starch made of
flour and water, and in the beaming of it is received through a raddle with
iron teeth. The. shuttle is worked by hand. The harness consisting of four
wings, when at work, two wings being up and two down, parts the chain in
half every time the shuttle passes through the centre. The pile is raised by

page_text: means of a rod of iron, copper, or brass, with a sunken groove of about three-
eights of an inch; the rod varies from one and one-fourth of an inch to two
inches in circumference, according to the length of pile required. The sunn
yarn, dyed and prepared for the pile, is wound round the rod by hand, being
threaded through every two threads of the chain or warp, and when struck up
by the batten is cut with a sharp instrument down the groove of the rod, by
which means the rod is immediately extricated from the dyed sunn yarn, the
cut ends of which form the pile on the upper side of the carpet or carpet rug.
The shoot forms the ground or back. The rug or carpet is finished by clipping
and trimming the pile with a pair of shears.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Paty, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
head and co
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventh day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1807, the aforesaid Thomas Paty came before our said Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seven.