Improvements in Clarionets.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 4th June, 1898
CUMI LEIE DI MUITI
Improvements in Clarionets.
We, ARTHUR CLINTON, of 59, Chester Street, Kennington Lane, London, Professor
of Music, and RICHARD PARKER, of 404, Old Kent Road, London, Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
66
This invention relates to improvements in clarionets, and the main objects of our
invention are to render comparatively easy the playing or execution on such
instruments of passages hitherto considered very difficult even by skilled executants
and thereby also making it possible to play passages practically unattainable on the
clarionets ordinarily in use at the present time. Also, by means of our improvements
slurring" i.e., the sliding of a finger or fingers from one or more keys or holes to
others which in all instances is difficult to execute with a smooth effect, is
practically dispensed with as all "slurred or "tied" notes are on our improved
clarionet produced by ordinarily depressing or raising a key or keys, key-rings or
finger-plates. Further, we have so designed and arranged the mechanism which we
employ, that the holes required to produce the different notes may be made
proportionately or relatively uniform and so that the position of some of the holes
may be improved as compared with the holes in clarionets of the hitherto usual
construction.
"
Clarionets of the hitherto ordinary construction have certain well known defects,
for example:-
1. The B
than any of the other notes.
has always been faulty, being less clear and less true
2. Rapid passages in the extreme keys of sharps or flats cannot be played with
ease and smoothness.
3. The following among other intervals are extremely difficult to execute viz.,

page_text: hand or both hands which renders the proper execution of such passages extremely
difficult.
In our improved clarionet the above difficulties are obviated and we arrange and
combine the keys and mechanism in such a manner that many of the notes may be
obtained in two or even three different ways; we also provide new or additional holes
so as to facilitate the playing of some of the frequently occurring trills, shakes or
intervals, and other holes are put in a more correct position, so as to further improve
their tone.
Our improved clarionet also combines other distinct advantages which will be
referred to hereinafter.
In order that our invention may be readily understood reference is made to the
accompanying drawings, wherein like letters or numerals of reference indicate corre-
sponding parts throughout the several figures and in which :-
Fig. 1, is a top plan view of our improved clarionet, the mouthpiece and bell being
removed.
Fig. 2, is a side elevation looking from the left-hand side of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, is a side elevation looking from the right-hand side of Figure 1.
Fig. 4, is a bottom plan view of our improved clarionet, only that part of the
mechanism referring to the back of the instrument being shown.
Figs. 5, 5, 6 and 6ª show the mechanism relating to the Bb and G and other
holes hereinafter referred to.
Fig. 7, shows the valves 6 and 7 and key 46, the valve 6 being unmounted.
Figs. 8 and 8 show in side and end elevation respectively the valve 18 with its
key 47.
Fig. 9, shows the mechanism connecting valve 38 with the ring 35.
Fig. 10, shows the mechanism relating to valves 32 and 34 and to rings 35 and 44,
said rings 35 and 44 being shown unmounted.
Fig. 11, shows the mechanism relating to the middle G hereinafter referred to,
the valve 52 and the ring 60 being also shown unmounted, and in Fig. 11ª the
arm 54, abutment 52 and lug 52° are shown in side elevation.
Fig. 12, shows the connection between fingerplate 72 and valve 81, Fig. 12 shows
the ring 78, both said figures showing also the means whereby valve 69-shown in
side elevation in Figure 12-is engaged and operated.
Fig. 13, shows the connection between the keys 83 84, and 85 with valves 90, 91
and 92, the different parts being also shown unmounted.
Fig. 14 shows keys 55, 56, and 57 and their means of controlling valves 90, 91
and 92; Fig. 14ª showing the abutinents or arms 92° and 92d-hereinafter referred
to in end elevation.
In carrying our invention into practice, we construct a clarionet having valves,
keys, levers, finger-plates, rings and bridge-pieces about as shown, the arrangement
being such that whilst the advantages hereinafter referred to are attained, our
improved clarionet is adapted to be played with the same fingering employed on the
ordinary clarionet at present in use.
The B may, on our improved instrument, be obtained in the ordinary manner, by
depressing the A key 15 and the "speaker" key 16, but it has hitherto been
necessary, in playing a shake on B and G to take the fingers of the left hand off
their keys after playing the B7 and then to immediately depress the side lever 29
with the fingers of the left hand, similar difficulties being met in playing with any
of the other notes below. This is a clumsy and also difficult movement, and in order
to obviate this defect and also in order to be able to produce the B in another way―
without using the left hand-and further in order to be able to render a B
practically pure and of good tone, we provide our improved clarionet with a suitably
supported spindle 67 (Figures 1, 2 and 5), one end of which is provided with a
key 68 and the other end is provided with a lever 11ª. The relative valve 11, for said
key 68 is loosely mounted on its spindle by means of a sleeve 11b and is provided
with a spring which tends to normally open said valve 11, and the sleeve 11 is formed
or provided with a lug 11 the under part of which lug is in contact with the top

page_text: surface of the lever 11ª.
The said lever 11ª is normally retained in its raised position
by means of a spring, which spring is stronger than the spring which tends to open
the valve 11, the arrangements being such that normally the valve 11 will be closed,
but on depressing the key 68 the lever 11ª will be carried down with it, and thereby
allow the valve 11 to be opened by its spring, the great advantage appertaining to this
arrangement being that the valve 11 may be closed-say by the finger direct or by
depressing another key which controls or is connected with said valve 11-even when
the key 68 is depressed, and we utilise this arrangement-the mechanism being
hereinafter described-in such a manner that to produce the following intervals
with Bb viz.:
it is only necessary to depress and keep depressed the key 68 and to alternately open
and close the relative key or keys, 15, 20, 34, 40, 44, or 54 of the other note in
the interval.
We also provide a hole having a valve 13, the relative key for which is shown at 65
and in order to avoid the employment of a separate spindle-such as 67° and thus save
space, we fix the key 65 to a barrel 61-connected by the bridge-piece 42 to a second
tube or sleeve 13ª, both said tubes 13 and 61 being mounted on a spindle 67", that
part of the spindle 67" which is situated between said tubes referred to, being
similarly employed in supporting the tube 43, these parts being shown unmounted in
Fig. 5.
The said valve 13 is arranged and operated by its key 65 in exactly the same
manner as the valve 11 is arranged and operated by its key 68, already described, so
that even if the key 65 be held depressed said valve 13 may be closed either directly
or by the operation of another key which controls said valve 13. And, in order that
the depression of key 68 shall allow both the valves 11 and 13 to open, we provide the
barrel 67 with an abutment 66 which engages with the lug 66 on the key 65 and
thereby carries said key 65 with it.
For the purpose of enabling the shakes with the Bb herein before referred to, to be
produced in the manner described, we provide our improved clarionet with a T piece
17 which is carried by the barrel 22ª. Said barrel 22" is provided with an abutment 24,
and the thumb-hole key 22 is provided with an abutment 23, said abutment being
such that when the thumb-hole key 22 is depressed, the T piece is raised.
Said T piece may also be raised or lifted by depressing the key-ring, 20, which key-
ring is formed or provided with a bridge-piece 20--having an abutment 20" which
abutment 20 is in engagement with the continuation of the stem of the T
piece 17.
The T piece is free and adapted to be raised by the depression of either key 20 or
22 and the valve 17 is normally kept open by a suitable spring, said valve having an
arm 17° which rests on the T piece 17, so that if the keys 20 or 22 be depressed,
the T piece will be lifted up, as described, and the valve 17 closed. Similarly the
valves 11 and 13 are respectively also provided with arms 11 and 13°-the
arrangement of the whole being such that when the key 68 is depressed, the arms 11*
and 13e will fall down on to the T piece, and if-while the key 68 is held depressed―
the ring 20 or 22 be depressed, then all the valves 11, 13 and 17 will be also closed.
By this arrangement, the intervals with B and any of the notes below may be
readily obtained by first depressing key 68, and then merely vibrating the relative
key or keys or rings for the other note in the interval. Similarly, intervals on G with
any of the notes below may be obtained by holding down key 65 and then vibrating
the relative key or keys or rings of the other note in the interval.
As already stated, we may produce a B by the ordinary fingering viz. :-by
depressing keys 15 (A) and 16 (speaker) but our arrangement and mechanism differ

page_text: and are more efficient than those hitherto employed for this purpose, being provided
with a hole and valve 10 opened by the simultaneous depression of keys 15
and 16.
Key 15 is mounted on a barrel 15-said barrel being carried on an internal pin or
spindle in the usual manner-and said barrel also carries a valve 12 which is normally
kept closed on the hole by means of a spring, so that the depression of key 15 will open
said valve 12; the tube 15ª is also provided with an abutment 15 hereinafter referred
to. On the underside of the instrument the speaker key 16-the valve for which is
marked I, situated. The spindle 2 of said speaker key 16 is provided with a bell-
crank lever having arms 4 and 4ª the latter of which will be hereinafter again referred
The depression of the speaker key raises the speaker valve 1, and the arm 4 and
depresses the arm 4°.
to.
We find, however, that it is beneficial in producing the Bb that a third hole,
normally closed by a valve 10, should also open. It is however essential that said
valve 10 should only open when both keys 15 and 16 are depressed and said 'valve
must not open when either one only of said keys 15 or 16 is depressed, and the
manner in which we attain this is as follows:-
•
The valve 10 is carried by a barrel 10°-said barrel being of course independent of
the barrel 15-being also provided with an arm 3 which normally rests under the
end of arm 4 referred to. A suitably arranged spring tends to open said valve 10
but said valve is prevented from rising by reason of the stronger springs which
normally keep valves 1 and 12 closed, the arrangement being such that if the speaker
key 16 be alone depressed, the valve 10 will be prevented from rising by the abut-
ment 15 pressing on a lug 15° with which the valve 10 or its shank is provided. On
the other hand, if the A key 15 be alone depressed the valve 10 will be prevented
Should both the
from rising by the arm 4 pressing on the arm 3 of said valve 10.
A key 15 and the speaker key 16 be depressed then all obstruction to the
valve 10 is removed and said valve will be opened by the action of its comparatively
weak spring.
Our improved clarionet is provided at its upper end with the usual side Ghole,
which is normally closed by the valve 14, but we provide said valve with mechanism
whereby said valve may be opened in the usual way by depressing lever 29 but also
whereby said valve when so opened, may be closed by depressing key 15 even when
key 29, is held depressed. For this purpose said valve is supported by a barrel 14"
which barrel is also provided with two abutments 14 and 14° and said valve 14 is
provided with a spring which tends to open it. The key 29 which is carried by the
barrel 30 is provided with an abutment 29" which normally-by means of a spring-
presses against the underside of the abutment 14" and keeps the valve 14 closed, the
necessary spring being of course stronger than the spring which tends to keep
valve 14 open, so that, when the key 29 is depressed, the obstruction under the
abutment 14b is removed and the valve is opened by its spring, although said valve
may be closed down-if the strength of its spring be overcome-even when the
key 29 is held depressed. In order to close the valve 14 by depressing key 15 the
barrel 15 is provided with an abutment 15d which reaches under the abutment 14
so that if the key 15 be depressed, the abutment 15d will be raised and it in turn
will raise the abutment 14° and thereby close the valve even though the lever 29 is
held depressed.
On the side of our improved clarionet opposite to the speaker valve 1, are two holes
normally covered by valves 6 and 7. The valve 7 is mounted on the barrel 9, the
opposite end of which barrel is provided with the key 46 by the depression of which
the valve 7 is opened and B produced, and if the keys 16 and 46 be depressed, valves
6 and 7 are opened thereby producing Ch. To attain this the said valve 6-which
is mounted on a barrel 8-is provided with a spring which tends to open said valve,
but said valve is prevented from so doing by the spring actuated arm 5 which presses
on the lug 6ª on the shank of the valve 6, and also by the abutment 7" on the shauk
of valve 7 which abutment presses on a lug 6" also on the shank of the valve 6, the
arrangement being such that said valve 6 cannot open unless both the arm 5 and the

page_text: abutment 7 are lifted up. The abutment. 7" is lifted with the valve 7 by depressing
key 46 and the arm 5 is lifted by depressing the speaker key 16 the connection
between said arm 5 and the speaker key being as follows: (Figs. 2 and 4). The
arm 5 is carried by the barrel 5" which barrel is also formed or provided with
an arm 5 so that the arm 5 may be lifted or raised by depressing the arm 5. The
arm 5b is engaged by the arm 4" on the speaker key barrel 2 herein before referred
to, so that the depression of the speaker key 16 raises both the speaker valve 1 and
the arın 5, so that by depressing both the speaker key 16 and the key 46 the
valves 1, 6 and 7 will be opened.
We also provide our improved clarionet with a new D hole, said hole being
normally closed by the valve 18 mounted on the barrel 19 and provided with a
key 47 which is shown in side elevation in Fig. 8 and in end elevation in Fig. 8^ the
barrel 19 being carried on the spindle 9" Fig. 7. This new D hole is a great
convenience in playing many trills and other passages.
The E
produced on the hitherto ordinary clarionets by depressing
keys 20, 22 and 44 is too sharp, and in order to correct the fault we close the
valve 34 by the action of the finger ring 44, and in its place we provide a hole which
is normally open, but which is adapted to be closed by the valve 38, which valve is
closed by depressing the ring 35 situated over the finger plate 34, the arrangement
being such that if the keys 20, 22 and 44 be depressed the valve 38 will remain open
and the note Eb rendered true. The mechanism connecting, the ring 35 with its
valve 38, is shown in Fig. 9. The valve 38 is mounted on the spindle 38 placed
transversely on the instrument, and which spindle is formed or provided with an
abutment 38b which projects in a direction opposite to the valve 38 and is
consequently normally in a depressed position as the valve is normally in a raised
position, the valve spindle 35 is provided with a bridge 35 which is also provided
with an abutment 35b said abutment being situated under the abutment 38b
referred to, so that if the ring 35 be depressed the valve 38 will be closed. The
said note E may also be produced by depressing keys 20, 22, 34 and 40 in which
event the finger depressing key 34 will also carry down the ring 35 and close the
valve 38 which for this combination should not be open.
In order to facilitate the playing of, say, shakes on C and D, and C and D
we provide the barrel of the finger ring 44 with a key 45 whereby
the relative hole may be closed either with the third finger of the left hand on the
finger ring 44 or with the first finger of the right hand on the key 45.
In order that the depression of the ring 44 shall also close the valve or finger
plate 34 and also in order that said finger plate 34 shall be adapted to be closed
without carrying with it or closing the ring 44, said ring 44 is carried by the
barrel 44 which also carries the key 45 hereinbefore referred to and said barrel is
provided with an arm 44b, the ring 44 being normally retained in its raised or open
position by a suitable spring. The finger plate 34 is carried by the barrel 34a
which barrel is provided with an arm 34b having a lug 34° the arm 44b resting over
the said lug 34%, so that on depressing the ring 44 the arm 44b will carry with it
the lug 34 and consequently close the finger-plate or valve 34, while if the valve 34
be depressed the ring 44 will be unaffected thereby.
In playing E and F on the hitherto ordinary clarionet, it has been necessary to
first depress keys 20, 22, 34 and 40 for ED, and then to depress the F key 48 and
raise the fingers off the keys 34 and 40. In order to simplify the action of the
fingers, we join the valves 32 and 34 by means of a bridge or bar 34d, but as already
described the depression of ring 44 carries with it key 34, so that the depression of
said ring 44 will simultaneously also close keys 32 and 34. The result of this
arrangement is that in playing E and F on our improved clarionet it is only
necessary to first depress the F key 48 and vibrate on key 44, the key 48 being held

page_text: depressed. Similarly, D and F may be played on our improved clarionet by first
depressing the F key 48 as before and then vibrating ring 35, the valves 32 and 34
being carried down by the said ring key 35.
Our improved clarionet is also provided about midway of its length, with a Ghole
normally closed by the valve 52. Said valve is adapted to be vibrated by vibrating
key 54, and as it is necessary, when playing a trill on B and C
that
both the valve 52 and the ring 60 shall be simultaneously opened or closed in more
or less rapid succession, we provide mechanism, hereinafter described, whereby, if
the key 54 be held depressed, the vibrating of the ring 60 will simultaneously also
vibrate the valve 52, so as to obviate the necessity of alternately vibrating both the
valve 52 and ring 60 with a finger of each hand as has hitherto been necessary.
To accomplish this result the valve 52 is carried by the barrel 52 which barrel is
also provided with an abutment 52b having a comparatively broad lug 52°, and said
valve is also provided with a comparatively weak spring which tends to open it.
The relative key 54 is carried by the barrel 54ª having an arm 54b, the end of which
normally rests on one part of the lug 52°. Said key 54 is provided with a
comparatively strong spring so that the pressure of the arm 54 on the lug 52° is
sufficient to normally keep said valve 52 closed, but if the key 54 be depressed the
arm 54 is raised and thereby permits said valve 52 to open.
The ring 60 is normally held in its raised or open position, said ring being provided
with a bridge-piece 60"-between the extremities of which the barrel 52 is situated
-and said bridge-piece is provided with an abutment 60" which extends over the
remaining part of the lug 52° so that if the key 54 be depressed the valve 52 will
open and the lug 52° raised with it, but if now the ring 60 be depressed the lug 60b
will carry down with it the lug 52° and will consequently close the valve 52 even
though the key 54 be held depressed.
We also provide our improved clarionet with a hole adapted to be closed by a
finger plate 72 to which is rigidly connected, by means of a bridge-piece 73, the
valve 81 adapted to cover a venthole so that if the finger-plate 72 be depressed, said
vent hole will also be closed. We further also provide a ring 78 for the G
hole. As it is necessary either when closing the A hole by depressing
finger-plate 72 or when closing the G hole by depressing the ring 78, that the
valve 69 shall also be closed we provide the barrel 69 with two abutments 69b and 69°.
The bridge piece 73 is provided with an extension 73ª against the end of which
extension the abutment 69b normally rests, so that if the finger-plate 72 be depressed,
the extension 73ª will carry the abutment 69 with it, and thereby close down the
valve 69. Similarly, the ring 78 is carried by a bridge 78ª said bridge having an
extension 78b against the end of which extension the abutment 69° normally rests so
that if the ring 78 be-depressed the extension 78 will carry the abutment 69° with it
and thereby close down the valve 69, the whole being illustrated in Figs. 12, 12A,
and 12B.
It is necessary, on the hitherto ordinary clarionet when playing the interval of F
and G
and the 12th, to first depress keys 83 and 57, thereby producing
the F and then to slide the finger off the said key 83 on to the key 80-so as to
depress said key 80-and allow the key 83 to rise and at the same time releasing
key 57 thereby producing G. To avoid the difficult backward and forward sliding
and lifting of the fingers referred to, we provide our improved clarionet, with a hole,
covered and normally closed by a valve 94. Said valve.94 is connected and rises
''with the valve 93 which is the ordinary G valve operated by the key 80, the whole

page_text: being clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The advantage appertaining to this arrange-
ment is that, to produce the interval of F and G referred to, it is only necessary to
depress the key 57-with the little finger of the left hand-and whilst keeping said
key 57 depressed-and consequently the valve 90 closed and 91 open as will be
hereinafter described-to vibrate the key 80 which will vibrate the valves 93 and 94,
the opening and closing of the valve 94 being for this purpose equivalent to the
opening and closing of the valve 90 so that the same result is obtained by vibrating
one key viz. 80 as has hitherto been only obtainable by the alternate depression of
the keys above referred to.
The holes G, Fand F are respectively provided with valves 90, 91 and 92, the
two valves 90 and 92 being normally open and the valve 91 normally closed. These
three valves are adapted to be operated by the fingers of either the right or the left
hand, the necessary keys for the right hand being numbered respectively 83, 84
and 85 and the connections between said keys and the valve are such that by
depressing key 83 the valve 90 is closed, by depressing key 84 the valve 90 is closed
and valve 91 opened, and by depressing key 85 the valve 90 and 92 are both closed.
As stated, similar results may be obtained by the fingers of the left hand for which
purpose we provide keys 55, 56 and 57 the arrangement being such that by
depressing key 55 the valve 90 is closed, by depressing key 57 valve 90 is closed
and valve 91 opened, and by depressing key 56 both valves 90 and 92 are
closed. The mechanism to enable the results referred to, to be attained is
shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the parts being for the sake of clearness also shown
unmounted.
The valve 90 is carried by a bridge 86 which bridge piece also carries the key 83
said bridge-piece, together with all the mechanism now being referred to, being
supported on a spindle extending from the standard 82 to the standard 98, and
running through the barrels of valves 90, 91 and 92. The bridge-piece 86 is also
provided with an arm 87 which will be again referred to. It will thus be clear that
the depression of key 83 closes valve 90.
Said valve 90 is, however, adapted to be also closed by depressing the key 84, and
for this purpose said key 84 is carried by a bridge-piece 84d, which bridge-piece is
provided with the arm 84b having a comparatively long lug 84°. The arm 87, here-
inbefore referred to, rests on a part of said lug 84°, so that by depressing key 84 the
arm 84b, and therefore lug 84°, is raised, said lug carrying or lifting with it the afore
said arm 87 and thereby the valve 90 is closed. In order, as herein before mentioned,
to at the same time open the valve 91, we employ a rocking lever 91° one end of
which rests on the lug 84° said rocking lever being provided with a comparatively
strong spring, so that the end resting on the said lug is normally depressed and its
opposite end normally raised. The valve 91 is provided with a comparatively weak
spring which tends to open it, and the barrel 91 which carries said valve is provided
with an arm 91b which arm is pressed upward by the normally raised end of the
rocking lever 91° so that the valve 91 notwithstanding its spring, is normally closed.
If, however, the key 84 be depressed the lug 84° lifts up the depressed end of the
rocking lever and consequently the opposite end is swung downward and allows the
valve 91 to open; so that by depressing said key 84 the lug 84° lifts both the arm 87
and the depressed end of the rocking lever 91° and therefore closes valve 90 and
opens valve 91.
In order that the depression of the key 85 shall close both the valves 90 and 92,
said key 85 is carried by one part of the barrel 92ª said barrel consisting of two parts
which are joined by a bridge-piece 92b which bridge-piece passes under all the
arms 84, 87 and 91b. The lower end of the barrel 92ª carries the valve 92 so that if
the key 85 be depressed said valve will be closed; and the arm 87 hereinbefore referred
to is normally in contact with the bridge-piece 92b so that the depression of key 85
also lifts said arm 87 and thereby closes valve 90 as well as valve 92. The key 85 is
provided with an arm 92° for the purpose hereinafter described and said bridge-
piece 92b or the arm 84b hereinbefore referred to is so shaped as not to come in con-
tact, so that the depression of key 85 will not open valve 91. If said valve 91 shal

page_text: Although we have described our improved clarionet as having its speaker hole
normally closed, our invention further consists in employing a speaker valve which
is normally open, so that in playing the florid music in the higher register of the
instrument, the thumb will be at liberty and not-as hitherto-retained on said
speaker key, the thumb being only required to close the speaker for the lower
register. It will be evident that our mechanism is equally well adapted for a
clarionet having its speaker hole either normally open or normally closed.
We also place the hole for B having a valve 74 adapted to be operated by the
key 75, on the right hand side of the clarionet instead of on the left hand side as
hitherto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a clarionet a hole normally covered by valve 10 operated when the B is
produced in the ordinary manner said hole serving to make true and good said B
substantially as set forth.
2. The mechanism for operating the valve 12 substantially as described and
illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3.
3. In a clarionet a hole normally covered by a valve 6 operated on the
depression of keys 16 and 46 for the purpose and substantially as described and
illustrated.
4. The mechanism for operating valves 6 and 7 substantially as described and
illustrated in Figs. 1 2 and 7.
5. In a clarionet a new D hole normally covered with a valve 18 provided with a
key 47 for the purpose and substantially as described and illustrated.
6. In a clarionet a valve 38 operated by a ring key 35 for the purpose and
substantially as described and illustrated in Fig. 9.
7. In a clarionet a key such as 65 operating so as to open a valve 13 said valve 13
being adapted to be closed-whilst the key 65 is kept depressed-by the depression
of keys 20 or 22 all for the purpose and substantially as set forth.
8. In a clarionet a key such as 68 operating so as to open valves 11 and 13 said
valves being adapted to be closed-whilst the key 68 is kept depressed-by the
depression of keys 20 or 22 all for the purposes and substantially as set forth.
9. In a clarionet keys 83, 84 and 85 operating valves 90, 91 and 92 in the manner
and substantially as described and illustrated in Fig. 13.
10. In a clarionet the combination of keys 55, 56, and 57 with keys 83, 84 and 85
for operating valves 90, 91 and 92 all for the purposes and substantially as set
forth.
11. In a clarionet a valve 94 adapted to open or close with the valve 93 for
the purposes and substantially as described and illustrated.
12. In a clarionet valves 72 and 81 joined together so as to move in unison for
the purpose and substantially as described and illustrated.
13. In a clarionet a valve 14 adapted to be opened by depressing key 29 and also
adapted to be closed by depressing the A key 15 even while the key 29 is held
depressed.
14. In a clarionet a finger ring such as 44 having a key such as 45 for the purpose
and substantially as set forth.
15. In a clarionet a Ghole normally covered by a valve 52 adapted to be opened
by depressing key 54 and also adapted to be closed by depressing ring 60 even
while the key 54 is held depressed, for the purpose and substantially as set forth.
16. In a clarionet a rocking lever such as 91° adapted to close a valve such as 91
against the opening tendency of a spring with which said valve is provided substan-
tially as set forth.
17. In a clarionet a ring or finger plate 44 adapted, when being depressed to carry
down or close the finger-plate 34 said finger-plate 34 being capable of being depressed

page_text: without effecting the ring or finger-plate 44 substantially as described and
illustrated.
18. In a clarionet valves 34 and 32 joined together so as to move in unison for the
purpose and substantially as set forth.
19. In a clarionet a T piece or equivalent such as 17° adapted to close two or more
valves, rings or finger-plates substantially as set forth.
20. In a clarionet a thumb hole having a ring or finger plate adapted to move a
T-piece or equivalent substantially as set forth.
21. A clarionet having a speaker hole which is normally open for the purpose
described.
22. In a clarionet keys 56 and 80 said keys being connected with or controlling
valves so that the depression of key 56 makes E and also that the depression of
key 80 will make G for the purpose and substantially as described and illustrated.
23. A clarionet having holes, finger-plates, keys rings, bridges and levers all
arranged and operating for the purposes and substantially as described and
illustrated.
Thin 14th day of Wahura 180°