Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Fibrous Materials, Yarns, with Mordanting, Preparing, Dyeing, or or Threads Liquids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1894-Accepted, 7th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Fibrous Materials, Yarns,
with Mordanting, Preparing, Dyeing, or
or Threads
Liquids.
other
I, THOMAS PATERSON MILLER, of The Cambuslang Dye Works, Cambuslang,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object, by means of improved apparatus, to economisc
time, labor, and material, and to obtain uniform and superior results in treating
fibrous materials, yarns, or threads, with mordanting, preparing, dyeing, or other
liquids. An important and essential feature of my invention consists in the
treatment of yarn or thread or unspun fibrous materials, in a loose or open condition,
without being subjected to the strain or stretching usually accompanying the action
of existing apparatus for similar purposes.
In carrying out my invention the fibrous materials in an unspun condition, or
yarn, or thread in the form of hanks, warps, or other convenient loose form, are
placed on an endless web of cotton cloth or other suitable material, arranged by
means of rollers and driving mechanism to carry the materials through a long trough
containing a suitable depth of the liquid with which the materials are to be treated.
At the middle part of the trough there are a number of beetles consisting of
transverse vertical boards of wood or other suitable material; and these beetles
have short rods of brass or other suitable material fixed at their upper corners so as
to project horizontally outwards through vertical guide slots in cheek pieces fixed
to the sides of the trough. On the outside of the trough on each side there is a
vertically guided metal piece made with a horizontal bar extending under the
projecting rods of the beetles; and the two metal pieces are made to reciprocate
vertically by eccentrics, to which they are connected, on an overhead rotating shaft.
As the metal pieces rise they lift the beetles by means of their rods, and as they
descend they allow the beetles to fall. The beetles thus drop by their own weight
only on the materials which are moved under them, and inequalities in the thickness
of the materials at any part do not render the action unequal. By means of a
ratchet-wheel feed or progressive motion the endless web with the materials on it is
moved forward step by step at each ascent of the beetles, the progressive movements
being made adjustable. The endless web carries the materials between a pair of
squeezing rollers at the delivery end of the trough, in order to express superfluous
liquid; and the endless web returns under the trough to the entering end.
If found desirable or necessary to prevent adherence of the fibrous materials to
the beetles, they may be encompassed by a small endless web the lower part of
which passes between the bottoms of the beetles and the materials on the
main web.
Dated this Twant fourth day of A woust 1893
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Fibrous Materials, Yarns,
or Threads with Mordanting, Preparing, Dyeing, or other
Liquids.
I, THOMAS PATERSON MILLER, of The Cambuslang Dye Works, Cambuslang,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object, by means of improved apparatus, to economise
time, labor, and material, and to obtain uniform and superior results in treating
fibrous materials, yarns, or threads, with mordanting, preparing, dyeing, or other
liquids. An important and essential feature of my invention consists in the
treatment of yarn or thread or unspun fibrous materials in a loose or open condition,
without being subjected to the strain or stretching usually accompanying the action
of existing apparatus for similar purposes.
In carrying out my invention the fibrous materials are placed on an endless web
arranged by means of rollers and driving mechanism to carry the materials through
a trough containing the liquid for treating them. At the middle part of the trough
there are a number of suitably guided beetles which are lifted by reciprocating
metal pieces but drop by their own weight on to the materials. By means of a
ratchet-wheel feed the endless web with the materials on it is moved forward at
each ascent of the beetles, and carries the materials between a pair of squeezing
rollers at the delivery end of the trough.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood, I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings,
to be hereinafter referred to, and showing my improved apparatus.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a side elevation, and Figure, 2, is a longitudinal
vertical section.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
In carrying out my invention the fibrous materials, A, in an unspun condition,
or yarn, or thread in the form of hanks, warps, or other convenient loose form, are
placed on an endless web, B, of cotton cloth or other suitable material, arranged
by means of rollers, C, and driving mechanism, hereinafter described, to carry the
materials through a long trough, D, containing a suitable depth of the liquid with
which the materials are to be treated. At the middle part of the trough, D,
there are a number of beetles, E, consisting of transverse vertical boards of wood
or other suitable material and these beetles have short rods, F, of brass or other
suitable material fixed at their upper corners so as to project horizontally outwards
through vertical guide slots, G, in cheek pieces, H, fixed to the sides of the trough.
Outside of the trough, D, on each side, there is a vertically guided metal piece, J,
made with a horizontal bar extending under the projecting rods, F, of the beetles, E,
and the two metal pieces, J, are made to reciprocate vertically by eccentrics on an
overhead rotating shaft (not shown) to which by rods, I, they are connected. As
the metal pieces, J, rise they lift the beetles, E, by means of their rods, F, and as
they descend they allow the beetles to fall. The beetles, E, thus drop by their
own weight only, on the materials, A, which are moved under them and the action
is throughout regular and uniform, notwithstanding inequalities in the thickness of
the materials. By means of a ratchet-wheel feed or progressive motion the endless
web, B, with the materials, A, on it is moved forward step by step at each ascent
of the beetles, E, the progressive movements being if desired made adjustable.
The ratchet-wheel, K, is centered on the shaft, L, of a roller, M, and the pawl, N,
for driving it is actuated by a rod, P, a bell crank lever, Q, and a link, R, from

page_text: one of the reciprocating metal pieces, J. If it is wished to stop the progress of
the materials, A, without interfering with the reciprocating metal pieces, J, the
pawl, N, is withdrawn from action by a weighted cord, S, attached to it and passing
round a pulley, T, placed at a suitable height, the cord weight when suspended
being within a tube, U, so as to be out of the way. The endless web, B, carries
the materials, A, between a pair of squeezing rollers, M, and V, at the delivery
end of the trough, D, in order to express superfluous liquid; and the endless web, B,
returns under the trough, D, to the entering end. The upper roller, V, of the
squeezing rolls, M, and, V, has pressure applied to it by means of weighted
levers, W.
If found desirable or necessary to prevent adherence of the fibrous materials, A,
to the beetles, E, the beetles may be encompassed by an upper endless web, X,
which passes between the bottoms of the beetles, and the materials and round
rollers, Y, the web either returning directly up after passing under the beetles.
aud one lower roller, Y, or passing round the upper squeezing roller, V, as shown
in Figure, 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction, arrangement, and combination of parts constituting the
improved apparatus for treating fibrous materials, yarns, or threads with
mordanting, preparing, dyeing or other liquids, substantially as herein before
described.
2. In apparatus for treating fibrous materials, yarns, or threads, with mordanting,
preparing, dyeing or other liquids, the employment of a number of vertically
reciprocating beetles which drop by their own weight upon the materials, which
are moved progressively along under the beetles, substantially as herein before
described.
Dated this Twenty-second day of May 1894
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.