Year: 1886

page_text: I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that well known class of machines for making wire
netting with hexagonal or other polygonal meshes, which are formed by bringing
a number of wires into a row, wherein they are properly spaced apart, and twisting
each of them alternately with that on one side and that on the other side, and
deflecting them between the points of twisting. In such machines are employed &
line or row of upper and lower spindles having sectional journals and pinions which
are divided axially,-half of each journal and pinion being formed integral with
the spindle, and the other half being made separate and removable from the spindle,
but operating in connection there with to produce the netting. The journals are
fitted to bearings which are formed in the meeting edges of slides, each slide con-
taining semi-circular bearings, and these slides have a reciprocating motion, which
is sufficient to bring the removable half journal and pinion portions pertaining to
each spindle into coincidence with the integrally formed half journal and pinion of
the spindle adjacent thereto. A wire is conducted through each portion or half of
the upper journals, and by the shifting of the slides in which the bearings of the
journals are formed, and the rotation of the journals by racks engaging with the
pinions, the wires will be properly intertwisted, as is well understood by persons
skilled in the art.
In the machines of this class as heretofore constructed, one wire of each pair is
taken through the half portions of the journals and bearings, which are separate
from the spindles, and the other wire of each pair is taken from a spool or
bobbin, or from a cop-case which is held between the oppositely-arranged spindles
of a pair,

page_text: When the second wire has been taken from a spool or bobbin, it has been
necessary to provide a radial opening or hole in the upper spindle, in order to con-
duct the wire to the hole or perforation which is provided therein for the wire.
When the wire is taken from a cop contained within a cop-case, the spindle through
which the wire is conducted is offset, and provided with an outside guide for the
wire. The spindle being thus offset, is not properly balanced, and hence, when the
wire has been taken from a cop in a cop-case, it has not been possible to drive
the spindles as fast as is desirable for economical working.
The object of this invention is to enable cop-cases to be used with spindles which
are properly balanced, and can be rotated at a high speed. To this end, the inven-
tion consists in the combination with upper and lower spindles constructed with
sectional journals and pinions, one spindle of each pair having a direct passage
through it from end to end, of cop-cases between the pairs of spindles for containing
cops, from which the wire is conducted through the said direct passages in the
spindles.
In the combination above described, one spindle of each pair is preferably con-
structed with a socket containing a spring, the other spindle of the pair having a
socket or pivot-seat, and the cop-case has pivots or projections for engaging said
sockets. The cop-case may then be placed in position by inserting the pivot or
projection into the socket in which is the spring, and the spring will yield to enable
the cop-case to be moved laterally to bring it in line with the spindles, and by its
resilience, will hold both pivots thereof in engagement with the spindles. The
above features of construction are included in the invention.
In the accompanying drawings; there are only represented such parts of a
machine of the kind above described as are necessary to illustrate the invention.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the machine, having the front part of the
frame removed to expose to view the slides which contain the spindle bearings.—
Fig. 2 represents a plan with the feed rollers omitted, to expose the parts below,
and with the slides partly broken away to show the pinions and the racks for
driving them. Fig. represents a transverse section taken in the line x x of
Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents a vertical section on a larger scale than Figs. 1, 2, 3, of
the upper and lower slides, the upper and lower spindles constituting a pair, and a
cop-case interposed between the said spindles, a portion of the cop and case being
broken away to reduce the vertical dimensions of the drawings.
Similar letters of reference indicato corresponding parts in the several Figures.
Before proceeding to describe the invention in detail, it may be remarked that
Fig. 4 exhibits the whole of the improvements, the other Figures serving merely to
illustrate their application in a machine.
A A designate portions of the frame-work of the machine, which may be of any
suitable construction, and B B designate the rollers by which the completed netting
is taken up.
C, C, designate upper and lower spindles, a number of which will be arranged
in line widthwise of the machine, and D D designate cop-cases which may be of
sheet metal or other material, and each of which is arranged between and engaged
with the two spindles C, C₁, constituting one pair, and contains a coil or cop
of wire D-The upper and lower spindles C, C¹, each comprise an integral half
portion of a journal c, and a half portion of a pinion c.-Made separate from, but
operating with such half-journal and pinion portions, are other half-journal and
half-pinion portions c* c*, which complete the cylindric journals and pinions of the
upper and lower spindle.
E E and E¹ E designate upper and lower pairs of slides, which have formed in
their meeting edges bearings which receive respectively the upper and lower
journals c c.
Within one of the slides E, E, of the upper pair, there is fitted a sliding rack F,
which engages with the pinions of all the upper spindles C, for the purpose of
imparting to the said spindles the necessary rotary motion, to effect the twisting

page_text: of two wires together; and within one of the slides E E of the lower pair, there
is fitted a similar sliding rack F, which engages with the pinions of all the lower
spindles, for the purpose of imparting to the latter spindles a rotary motion
corresponding with that of the upper spindles.
The racks F F are represented in Figs. 1 and 2 as having the necessary recipro-.
cating movements, for rotating the spindles, imparted to them by their connection,
by means of rods G G¹, with crank wrists h h¹ on wheels H H on an upright shaft I,
which derives rotary motion, through bevel gears K L, from the main shaft M of
the machine.
The upper slide E, in which the rack F works, and the lower slide E', in which
the rack F works, have each an intermittent reciprocating motion imparted to it
by means of the block i with which its respective rack is furnished, to make the
connection with its respective rod G or G¹, the said block working in a slot j
(see Fig. 2) in the slide, and moving the slide lengthwise in one direction, and the
other by striking the ends of the slot. When one of the slides E E, and one of
those E¹ E, are caused to move in one direction, their fellows are caused to move
in the other direction, by reason of those of each pair being connected, by two
roda nn, with one of two yokes N N¹ on an upright shaft O, which has a
horizontal oscillating movement.
The above described means of working the rack and slides constitute no part of
the invention, and are only represented and described to facilitate the under-
standing of the invention.
.
Of the two wires used in connection with each spindle, one s, known as the warp
wire, comes from a spool Q in the usual manner, and under a roller P, and passes
in the usual manner through a hole in the separable half gear c¹ of the lower
spindle, thence upward outside of the cop holder, and through a hol in the
separable half gear cl* of the upper spindle. The other, known as the aft wire,
is taken from the cop D¹ of the cop case D, passing out through a hole in the
centre of the top of said case, and is carried directly through a perforation or
hole d, which extends directly through the upper spindle C from end to end
thereof, and above said upper spindle the wire s' is combined or intertwisted
with the wire s in a well known manner.
By the employment of the cop case D, which is engaged with upper and lower
spindles, as described, and by the construction of the upper spindle C with a hole
or perforation d extending centrally and directly through it from end to end
thereof, it will be possible to feed the wire s' directly through the spindle C, and
to employ a spindle which is perfectly balanced, without the necessity of passing
the wire s¹ radially into the said upper spindle to meet the hole or perforation d
extending through the same, as has heretofore been customary.
In order to provide for the ready engagement and disengagement of the cop
case D with and from the spindles, in one spindle (in this instance the lower
one C¹) is formed a socket e, of considerable length, and which contains a spring e¹,
and in the upper spindle is formed a conical socket e². The cop case D is provided
at opposite ends with pivots or projections f f¹, and it will be readily understood
that by first introducing the pivot or projection f into the socket e, and pressing it
downward, so as to compress the spring e¹, the upper pivot f¹ may be moved
laterally opposite the upper spindle C, and by the resilience of the spring e¹, the
cop case will be raised, so as to press the pivot f¹ into the seat or socket e².
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. The combination with upper and lower spindles arranged in pairs, and con-
structed with sectional journals and pinions as described, one spindle of each pair
having a direct passage through it from end to end, of cop cases between the pairs
of spindles for containing cops from which the wire is conducted through the said
direct passages in the spindles, substantially as herein described,

page_text: 2. The combination with the upper and lower spindles arranged in pairs, and
constructed with sectional journals and pinions, as described, one spindle of each
pair having a socket containing a spring, and the other having a socket, of cop
cases baving, at the ends, pivots or projections, before one of which the spring will
yield to enable the other pivot or projection to be entered into the socket in the
opposite spindle, substantially as herein described.