IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON, HTT
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Champion, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON,
HTT
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Champion at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the 19th
October 1863.
I, JAMES CHAMPION, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING
COTTON, FLAX, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the bearings of the spindles which carry the
bobbins and flyers in preparing, spinning, and doubling machines, and consists
in fixing to the copping, bobbin, or bolster rail a tube which encircles the
spindle and extends into the interior of the spool or bobbin. The bottom of
the bobbin is formed of a conical shape, and revolves upon a cloth washer
placed in a conical seating or bearing attached to the tube, or the same may
be formed in the top of the rail. The extension of the tube into the bobbin
increases the steadiness of the spindle, and the conical shape of the bobbin and

page_text: seating increases the steadiness of the bobbin, the combined effects of which
are that a larger amount of preparing, spinning, and doubling can be obtained
than by any other arrangement at present in use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Champion in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th April 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
CHAMPION, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said James Champion, Her special license that I, the
said James Champion, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Champion, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS, FOR PREPARING,
SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON, FLAX, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Champion, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
3
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Champion, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement (that is to say):
:-
This Invention relates to the bearings of the spindles which carry the
spools or bobbins and flyers used in machinery or apparatus for preparing,
spinning, and doubling cotton, flax, wool, and other fibrous materials, and also

page_text: to the bottoms of the spools or bobbins, and consists in fixing to the copping,
bobbin, or bolster rail, a tube which encircles the spindle, and either extends
into the interior of the spool or bobbin or is placed below it, as may be
desired. I form the bottom of the spool or bobbin of a conical shape, and
'cause it to revolve upon a cloth washer placed in a conical seating or bearing
attached to or forming part of the tube or formed in the top of the rail. In
some cases instead of making the bottom of the bobbin conical I hold it by a
pin or projection to a conical piece of wood or metal, which works on the
cloth washer in the seating in the same manner as the cone at the bottom of
the bobbin.
The manner in which my Invention is to be performed will be clearly
understood by referring to the figures and letters on the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In Fig. 1, a represents an ordinary throstle spindle; b, the copping, bobbin,
or bolster rail; c, the flyer; and d, the bobbin. To the rail b is fixed the
tube e, also shewn detached in the vertical section Fig. 2. This tube encircles
the spindle and extends into the interior of the bobbin, but must not touch it,
and the upper part of the bobbin is bushed with metal or wood, as shewn by
the dotted lines f; and the bottom is formed of a conical shape, as at g, and
revolves upon a cloth washer I placed in the conical seating or bearing i,
attached to or forming part of the tube; or the said conical seating or bearing
may be formed in the top of the copping rail b, as shewn at k, Fig. 3, to
which rail is fixed the plain tube e.
In some cases I employ the conical seatings in connection with tubes that
do not extend into the interiors of the bobbins for the purpose of using the
ordinary bobbins bushed at both ends, but formed at the bottom to fit the
conical seatings, from which seatings the tubes project sufficiently high to pass
through the bottoms of the cloth washers to keep them in their places. A
vertical section of this arrangement is shewn in Fig. 4, in which a represents
the spindle; d, the bobbin; e, the tube; i, the conical seating, and h, the cloth
washer.
In the vertical section, Fig. 5, I represent an arrangement in which bobbins
formed flat at the bottom can be used in connection with my improved tubes,
baving conical seatings and cloth washers. For this purpose place on the
washer h in the conical seating ia separate piece of wood or metal / flat at the
top, and formed at the side of the same angle as the seating. At the top of the
piece there is a projection or pin m which enters a hole or recess in the bottom
of the bobbin d, so that both turn together as though the bobbin and cone were
of one piece. The upper part of the bobbin is bushed, as at f, and the lower

page_text: .
part is free of the tube e, the same as in Fig. 1. The use of the tube increases
the steadiness of the spindle, and the conical shape of the seating and the
bottom of the bobbin, or the piece to which the bobbin is held, increases the
steadiness of the bobbin, the combined effects of which are that a larger
amount of preparing, spinning, and doubling can be obtained than by any other
arrangement at present in use.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim in machinery or apparatus for preparing, spinning, and doubling
cotton, flax, wool, and other fibrous materials, the employment for each-
spool or bobbin of a conical seating attached to or forming part of a tube or
formed in the top of the copping, bobbin, or bolster rail, and also the conical
formation of the bottom of the bobbin or a separate piece of wood or metal to
which the bobbin is held by a pin or projection, as such improvements are
herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Champion, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named James Champion,
in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JAMES CHAMPION.
(L.S.)