Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1899

page_text: Mixture of ammonium perchlorate 60 parts
& carbon 12 parts-
-
50-30-70
"
"
"
E) Perchlorate of ammonium may be mixed with the dynamite gums or gelatine
gums found in commerce-but the perchlorate must never exceed 35% of the weight,
that is to say that the maximum weight of perchlorate to be added is 35 parts to
65 parts by weight of the other substance (dynamite gums or gelatine gums).
The products C, D, & E are likewise manufactured with the ordinary methods & to
them also inert, oxydising or explosive etc. materials may be added.
Finely powdered camphor (it may be dissolved in ether & the ether allowed to
evaporate) may be added to all the products A, B, C, D, E, in order to increase their
keeping properties & to render them less sensitive to shock.
F) Mixtures of ammonium perchlorate with finely powdered metals or metalloids.
The proportions are calculated either for complete or incomplete combustion
(oxidation) of the elements according to the 3 above mentioned formulæ for the
decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.
G) Mixtures of ammonium perchlorate with resins or gum resins (caoutchouc,
shellac) and with different sorts of coal, especially those very rich of hydrogen.
The resins may be melted (if fusible at a low temperature) & thus mixed with the
perchlorate or may be finely powdered or dissolved in solvents afterwards evaporated
by heat.
An example of mixture of coal giving good results is the following:
-
12 parts by weight
-
60
"
"
"
Boghead or Cannel coal
Ammonium perchlorate
These powders with coal may be prepared like the ordinary black mine powder, or
may be compressed and formed into candles, varnished or enclosed in capsules
when intended to be used under water. They explode well when ignited by a strong
mercury fulminate detonator, and yet better when that detonator contains also a few
ammonium perchlorate. When it is desired to have these powders less breaking,
sulphur may be added to them.
To all the substances F, G, other combustible or oxidising or inert or explosive
substances may be added.
3rd. Relation between perchlorate of ammonium detonators & perchlorate of
ammonium explosives.
My experiments prove that the greatest results are obtained from perchlorate
explosives when they are ignited by detonators containing perchlorate of ammonium,
hence all that I have described is united to form a system, whose greatest effect is
obtained by the observance of the law I formulated above, an observance now
increased by this law of relation between the detonator & the explosive or detonant.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-

page_text: The application of the law I have discovered and described in the beginning of this
Specification, to the manufacture of detonants and explosives containing ammonium
perchlorate, prepared qualitatively as herein described and prepared quantitatively in
the three proportions (with respect to the oxygen) indicated in the beginning of this
Specification and with the doses mentioned each time in this same Specification, these
doses depending upon the observance, of the general law that I have established.
Dated this 6th day of December 1898.
J. E. EVANS-JACKSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.