Improvements in Churns and similar Vessels.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 9th Mar., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Churns and similar Vessels.
I, LEE STURGES, of 229 South Green Street, Chicago, in the County of Cook,
and State of Illinois, United States of America, President of a Manufacturing
Corporation, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in churns,
hole
In that class of rotary churns in which the receptacle for the cream is rotated
about a horizontal axis it is of course necessary that it be closed sufficiently
tight to prevent leakage. The present invention relates principally to closures
for churns of this class.
or window
peep
It relates in part also to the "
through which the progress of the process may be watched. So far as the invention
relates to the closure its object is to make possible and practicable the constructing
of both the body and the cover of the churn of sheet metal and in carrying out
this object of the invention I have improved the construction of both the body
and the cover.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a plan view of the improved churn.
Figure 2 is a vertical section thereof on the line 2-2 Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a portion thereof on a larger scale on the line 3-3,
Figure 1.
A represents the body provided with laterally projecting trunnions B that are
journalled in bearings C, supported by a frame of suitable construction, one of
said trunnions being continued beyond the bearing and squared for the reception
The frame shown in the
of a crank D by which the churn may be rotated.
drawing consists of four legs C¹, arranged in two pairs which converge upward
and are united at their upper ends to the bearing boxes C, and four braces C'
which couple the pairs of legs together. These braces are arranged in pairs
(one pair upon each side of the vertical plane of the axis of the churn) and the
braces of each pair are arranged in the form of an X with a swivel-bolt E
at their intersection, their ends being secured to the legs by removable
bolts E and E2. For convenience in shipping or storing the frame may be
folded up (the two pairs of legs being brought together) if the bolts E* are
first removed.
The body of the churn is made of sheet metal and its upper edge is bent
over to form a flange a which extends outward and downward over a metallic
hoop or band F which surrounds the body at the top, the hoop being preferably
provided with a groove for receiving the down-turned portion of the flange.
This hoop carries the ears G in which are pivoted the bails H by which the
cover I is held in place. The cover is made of sheet metal and has a sunken
portion resulting in a shoulder and a flange 2 radiating from it, and the outer
margin of this flange is turned down to form a second flange 3 of hoop shape.
The shoulder and flanges 12 and result in an annular groove or channel in
which fits a packing ring J which is preferably of cork and formed in sections, but
may be of any other suitable material and continuous. In order to more securely hold
this ring in place the shoulder 'is offset, so as to make the groove for the packing

page_text: Ting "undercut," the resulting shoulder being so located as to engage and hold
the ring in place.
K is a heavy iron or steel ring which rests upon the sunken portion of the
cover and fits snugly against the shoulder i, said ring being secured in place by
solder and being preferably of such width that it projects above the Hange ².
The object of this ring is to strengthen the cover-and especially the peripheral
portion thereof-and to provide a bearing for the balls H and hold them out
of contact with the flange, which flange, being of sheet metal and supported
only by the yielding packing ring, they would surely injure, if they bore upon it.
The bails when in the positions shown in the drawings may be engaged by a
cross-head L perforated for the passage of a screw M secured at its lower end to
the cover and adapted to receive a hand-nut N, by which the cross-head may be
pressed upon the bails and the bails be thereby made to press upon the cover
(through the medium of the ring K) with the force necessary for securely holding
the cover in place. The strain thus produced is upward upon the hoop F, and the
sheet metal portion of the body is relieved of all strain, the effect of the operation
being to draw the hoop Fand the cover together, and clamp the flange a of the body
between them.
"
In the cover is formed a suitable "
peep-hole O, and the margin of the metal
around it is turned back to form a flange o which engages a corresponding flange
formed on the interior of a threaded ring P. In this ring is screwed, for the
purpose of closing the hole, a plug constructed of a ring Q having threads adapted
to engage the threads of the ring P and having internal and external flanges Q'
and Q, a second ring q having internal and external flanges and 92, and a piece
of glass Q3 clamped between the flanges Q' and y', the space between the rings (
and and around the edge of the glass being filled in with plaster of Paris, or other
suitable cement, as shown at q³, and the margin of the flange q² being spun over the
margin of the flange Q².
I have described my invention as being an improvement in churns, but I reserve
the right to apply it to vessels or receptacles for other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination with the body of a vessel and the cover thereof, of a hoop
surrounding the body at top, and suitable devices for holding the cover in place, said
devices being suitably attached to said hoop and the body of the vessel being provided
with a flange which extends outward over the hoop and forms a seat for the cover,
substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with the body of a vessel and the cover thereof, of a hoop
surrounding the body at top and suitable devices for holding the cover in place, said
devices being suitably attached to said hoop and the body of the vessel being provided
with a flange which extends outward and downward over the hoop and forms a seat
for the cover, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with the body of a vessel and the cover thereof, of a hoop
surrounding the body at top, bails suitably attached to said hoop and adapted to
extend inward over and engage the cover, and means attached to the cover for
engaging the bails, and drawing them down on the cover, the body being provided
with a flange which extends outward over the hoop and forms a seat for the cover,
substantially as set forth.
4. The combination with the body of a vessel, of a cover therefor, said cover
being formed of sheet metal and having a sunken portion; resulting in a shoulder
surrounding the sunken portion and a flange extending outward from the shoulder,
and a strengthening ring secured to the shoulder, substantially as set forth.
5. The body of a vessel and a cover therefor, said cover being formed of sheet
metal and having a sunken portion resulting in a shoulder surrounding the sunken
portion and a flange extending outward from said shoulder, in combination with a

page_text: strengthening ring bearing against the sunken portion and projecting above the
shoulder, and devices for holding the cover in place, said devices engaging the
strengthening ring, substantially as set forth.
6. The combination with the body of a vessel, of a cover therefor, formed of sheet
metal and having a sunken portion resulting in a shoulder surrounding said sunken
portion and a flange extending outward from said shoulder, the outer margin of said
flange being turned down to form a second flange, said flanges and shoulder resulting
in an annular groove, and a packing ring fitting in said groove, one wall of the groove
having a shoulder engaging the ring and holding it in place, substantially as set
forth.
7. A plug for "peep-holes" having, in combination, an outer screw-threaded
ring having internal and external flanges, an inner ring having internal and external
flanges, and a pane of glass clamped between the said internal flanges, one of
the external flanges being spun over the margin of the other, substantially as set
forth.
Dated thie 27th day of November 1894
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.