AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OF BOILERS USED FOR SUPPLYING HOT WATER FOR BATHS AND OTHER HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Hargrave, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREVENTING
THE EXPLOSION OF BOILERS USED FOR SUPPLYING HOT WATER FOR BATHS
AND OTHER HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES."
Sealed the 28th May 1880, and dated the 9th December 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Hargrave at the
"AN
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th December 1879.
CHARLES HARGRAVE, of Leeds, in the County of York, Gentleman.
IMPROVED METHOD OF PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OF BOILERS USED FOR
SUPPLYING HOT WATER FOR BATHS AND OTHER HOUSEHOLD PURPOSES."
My Invention consists in a new arrangement of the boilers used for supplying
hot water for baths and other household purposes and of the various fittings and
appliances connected therewith, so that there shall be always a free and clear outlet
for any steam or vapour which may be at any time generated, and also room for
the expansion of the water by heat, so that such steam or vapour or expanding
water can cause no injurious pressure capable of bursting the said boilers.
The boiler is of the ordinary kind, and may be placed at the back of the kitchen or
any other convenient fire. The cold water is conveyed by a pipe to the lower portion
of the boilers, and the upper portion is connected with a hot water or circulating
cistern hereinafter mentioned. dispense with the usual stopcock on one or more
of the outlet pipes, leaving the same entirely open, and thereby secure free escape
for any steam or vapour which may be at any time generated.
To prevent the water running out of the said free end of the outlet pipe I control
the admission of the water into the boiler by a valve, cock, or other suitable
means.
To provide room for the expansion of the water by heat I connect to some part
of the main outlet pipe the circulating cistern herein before mentioned, which also
permits of a greater quantity of water being kept hot than would be the case if the
ordinary boiler were alone used.
The several pipes are arranged at such levels and in such directions as may be
found necessary to suit the relative positions of the boiler and the place or places
to and from which the water is required to be conveyed, such levels and directions
will of course vary more or less in every house or place in which the boilers are
erected.

page_text: pressure tending to burst the boiler than that caused by the weight of the water in
the boiler and pipes F and G and the cistern to the level of the top of the main
outlet pipe C.
In Figure 2 this Figure shews the general arrangement of the boiler, pipes,
cistern, and cocks suitable for premises where a supply of hot water is required
both for a bath and wash basin, and also for the kitchen; E is the boiler placed
at the back of the kitchen fire place P. On the cold water supply pipe is an
ordinary bib cock A for the purpose of supplying cold water to the kitchen sink.
Between the said bib cock A and the boiler is the stop cock or valve B controlling,
as before stated with reference to Figure 1, the flow of cold water to the boiler, and
necessarily the flow of hot water out of the end N of the main outlet pipe K, which
pipe supplies hot water to the bath; C is an ordinary bib cock, connected by a pipe
with the said hot water or circulating cistern H; D is the end of the waste pipe
for running the bath empty when required in the ordinary way by means of a
brass or other plug or valve in the bottom of the bath where the waste pipe leaves
the bath; E is the boiler connected by two pipes F and G with the circulating
cistern H, the pipe F going from the top of the boiler to the bottom of the said
circulating cistern and the pipe G going from near the bottom of the boiler to the
bottom of the said circulating cistern; J is a sinall cock on the end of a pipo
connected with the said circulating cistern and arranged for the supply of hot
water to the wash basin; K is (as before mentioned) the main outlet pipe, the end
of which (N) is left entirely open, and which pipe serves as the hot water supply
pipe for the bath; L is the wasto pipe for the wash basin fixed in the ordinary
way; M is an overflow pipe for the bath so that the bath cannot be filled so as
to overflow into the room; L and M are both connected with the waste pipe of the
bath and the waste or overflow water runs through such waste and overflow pipes
on to the sink, and thence away through the sink waste pipe Q.
In both Drawings cold water is obtained by opening the bib cock A. By
opening the stop cock or valve B the cold water running into the boiler at the
bottom forces the heated water up one or both of the circulating pipes F and G,
and through the circulating cistern H and the main outlet pipe (C in Figure 1 and
K in Figure 2) to the sink in Figure 1 or the bath in Figure 2.
Throughout the said Drawings the relative positions of the sink, fire place, pipes,
cistern, wash basin, and bath are entirely assumed for the sake of clearly explaining
the principle, and need not necessarily be as shewn in the Drawings, but may be
altered and extended or modified to suit the premises which it is desired to fit up
with a hot water supply apparatus, so as the principle of the Invention, as stated
in my claim herein after contained, be carried out and retained; for example, there
may be two (or in some cases more) cold water supply pipes, one passing over the
sink, as shewn in the Drawings, Figures 1 and 2, with a bib cock A and a stop
cock or valve B as there shewn, and another cold water supply pipe passing through
the bath room, and having a bib cock for the supply of cold water to the wash
basin and another bib cock for the supply of cold water to the bath, and a stop
cock or valve between such two last mentioned bib cocks and the boiler. This cold
water supply pipe will, if it be connected to the cold water supply pipe passing
over the sink at some place between the stop cock B over the sink and the boiler
in both Figures, obviate the necessity of entering the kitchen when it is desired to
obtain cold water for the wash basin and bath, and when it is desired to fill the
bath by means of the main outlet pipe, shewn at K, in Figure 2. The boiler cocks
or valves, pipes and cistern may be of the ordinary dimensions and materials.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
sume is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
The prevention of the explosion of boilers used for supplying hot water for baths
and other household purposes by the following means, namely:-Controlling the
running or not running as may be required of hot water out of the end of at least
one of the outlet pipes by opening or shutting a valve or cock on the pipe supplying
cold water to the boiler, and by leaving (as I am thus enabled to do) one or more

page_text: of the main outlet pipes (and also the said circulating cistern when placed at such
higher level as aforesaid) entirely open and without a valve or cock as is now used
and practised, tbus leaving at all times a free passage for any steam or vapour
which may be at any time generated, and room for the expansion of the heated
water so that the boiler can never be exposed to injurious pressure or to any greater
pressure tending to burst it than is caused by the weight of the hot water that is
at any particular tine contained in the boiler and circulating cistern, or the several
hot water pipes connected therewith.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Hargrave, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Signed and sealed in the
presence of
THO. CHAPMAN,
Clerk to Mr. Dawson,
Sol*.,
Leeds.
CHARDEN HARUNAYE