Improvements in Means for Attaching and Securing Together the Arms and Rim Plates of Wrought Iron Pulleys.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 4th July. 1895-Accepted, 10th Aug.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Attaching and Securing Together the
Arms and Rim Plates of Wrought Iron Pulleys.
1 JAMES SHEPHERD of Shird Fold Davenport near Stockport in the County
of Cheshire Engineer, and LAVINGTON WATT SHEPHERD of Shird Fold,
Davenport near Stockport in the County of Cheshire, Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The existing systems for attaching and securing the arms to the rim plates of
wrought iron pulleys is by rivetting the top end of each wrought iron or steel bar
called the arm into a suitably prepared counter-sunk hole made in the rim plate to
receive it.
These arm ends are usually riveted down into the countersunk hole from cold
iron which necessitates not only a good quality of soft iron being used, but special
care must be used with the rivetting in order to prevent if possible the iron or
steel cracking and breaking away or crystallizing, and so fracturing through the
hammering that the metal undergoes.
These faults of construction often cause the connection between the rim and arms
of a wrought iron pulley to give way under work especially when the power
transmitted is irregular.
To remove these defects in the construction of wrought iron pulleys, and to
obtain a firm hold between the arms and rim plate of a pulley we do away
altogether with the rivetting process, and in place thereof we employ wrought iron
or steel cone shaped ferrules.
As described in a former Patent No. 10702 year 1890 for "Improvements in
means for adjusting rin plates with the arms of wrought iron pulleys and securing
the two together,' we still use by preference screwed bars and nuts forming the
arms of wrought iron pulleys as the length of an arm can be adjusted to the greatest
nicety by means of the nut, and we recess or channel out the top of the nut to a
conical form of any required dimension.
The rim plate is punched or drilled to receive the ends of the arms, and the
holes are countersunk in the ordinary way, but with our improved system it is
necessary that the countersinks in the rim plate should be an exact continuance of
the angle or cone that is recessed or channelled out in the nuts below, forming the
heads of the pulley arms that the two parts when put together form a true
continued cone, the angle and general dimensions of which may be varied to suit
the character of work required.
Into this conical recess or channel, formed in the nut or head of the arm and
the rim plate above it, we thread on to the top pertion of the screwed arm a
wrought iron or steel screwed ferrule of the exact angle of the coned recess into
which it goes. The ferrules must be screwed tightly down until the top of each
ferrule is level with the outer surface of the plate, and may be further tightened in
its position by any suitable corrosive agent; or the thread on the screw of the arm
may be crossed or compressed at the top as an additional means to prevent its
working loose; or the upper portion of the screwed arm for the depth of the
coned recess or channel in the plate and nut can be turned circular, and the cone
ferrule put over it hot so as to obtain a tight shrinking fit when cold.

page_text: By these means larger and deeper heads can be formed on the arms of wrought
iron pulleys for securing rim plates firmly in their position and preventing defects
common with the ordinary rivetting process.
Dated the 16th day of October 1894.
JAMES SHEPHERD.
LAVINGTON WATT SHEPHERD.
Improvements in Means for Attaching and Securing Together the
Arms and Rim Plates of Wrought Iron Pulleys.
I JAMES SHEPHERD of Shird-Fold Davenport near Stockport in the Conuty
of Cheshire, Engineer and LAVINGTON WATT SHEPHERD of Shird-Fold
Davenport near Stockport in the County of Cheshire, Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The prevailing method of attaching and securing the arms or spokes to the rim
plates of wrought iron pulleys is by rivetting down the top end of each wrought
iron or steel bar called the arm or spoke into a suitably prepared countersunk hole
made in the rim plate to receive it. The ends of the arms or spokes are hammered
down cold into the countersunk hole in the plate, forming a head on the arm to bind
the two together. The effect of rivetting the iron or steel in a cold state is to
crystallize the metal rendering it brittle and frequently is the cause of fractures
and other defects which seriously detract from the stability and working value of a
finished pulley.
To obviate these defects in the construction of wrought iron pulleys and to
obtain.scund work in joining the arms to the rim plate of a pulley we do away
with the rivetting process altogether and in place thereof we form the head on
each arm or spoke by attaching a wrought iron, malleable iron or steel cone shaped
ferrule called the head to be screwed on or shrunk on as hereafter described.
In a former Patent No. 10702 year 1890 for "Improvements in means for
adjusting rim plates with the arms of wrought iron pulleys and securing the two
together," it is described that the top portion of the arms or spokes are screwed
and nutted, the nut forming the collar on the arm for the rim plate to lie upon and
also as a means for adjusting the length of the arm before rivetting. By preference
we still form the arms or spokes for wrought iron pulleys by screwing the top of
each arm and fitting it with a nut for purposes of adjustment and to form a
collar for the rim plate to lie upon but our improvement consists in channelling the
top of this nut or collar to about one half its depth and conical in form, and by
recessing the hole in the rim plate to the same cone or to a slightly greater angle.
As a means of securing the rim plate to the arms we employ cone shaped
ferrules or heads fitting accurately into the counter sunk holes in the rim plate
and of sufficient depth to fill the coned channel in the nut or collar on the arm
below.
These coned ferrules.or heads are screwed firmly down on the arms and the top
of the screwed arms afterwards burred over to prevent loosening, or corrosive agents
can be used for the same purpose; or the upper portion of the screwed arm may
be turned circular and the coned ferrule or head driven down hot to obtain a tight
shrinking fit.
By these means we do away with rivetting altogether and obtain a sound and
homogeneous head on each arm.
Having now described the nature of our invention we proceed by reference to
the accompanying drawings to describe the several parts as arranged.

page_text: The same letters of reference indicate the same part or parts in the several
figures of the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a section of a rim plate with a portion of an arm or spoke attached
thereto.
A is the arm or spoke screwed over the top part to the depth required. Ba
conically recessed or channelled nut forming the collar of the arm upon which the
rim plate lies when in its position.
C the rim plate. D the coned ferrule or head screwed on the arm into the
countersunk hole in the rim plate. E wings or projections formed on the arm
head to receive a bar or spanner for screwing the head tightly down on the
arm into its position in the rim plate and recessed nut below it.
Fig. 2 is an elevation with an arm attached and completed after removal of
the screwing down wings or projections on the head.
The dotted lines indicate the relative position of the several parts.
Fig. 3 is a plan of a rim plate shewing the wings or projections E on the
head of the arm after screwing down, and also after their removal when the pulley
is completed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. The manufacture and use of wrought iron pulleys with arms or spokes
having moveable or solid collars recessed conically over their upper portion.
Second. The use of seperately formed heads for the arms or spokes of wrought
iron pulleys fixed or attached thereto by screwing or shrinking on.
Third. A combination of the various parts constituting the arm head, the arm
collar, and the rim plate of wrought iron pulleys substantially as shewn and
described.
Dated this Third day of July 1895.
JAMES SHEPHERD.
LAVINGTON WATT SHEPHERD.