CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GIVING THE TAKING-UP OR WINDING-ON MOTION TO SPOOLS OR BOBBINS AND TUBES OR OTHER INSTRUMENTS ON WHICH THE ROVINGS OR THREAD IS WOUND, IN ROVING, SPINNING, OR TWISTING MACHINES
Year: 1826

page_text: TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESE PRESEN IS SHALL COME, I.
HENRY HOULDSWORTH the younger, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Sixteenth day of January, in the sixth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Houldsworth the younger, special licence, full, power, and
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Heury Houldsworth my exors,
adiiors, and assigns, and every of them, or such others as 1, the said
Henry Houldsworth, my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of fourteen years, to be computed from the date of the now
reciting Letters Patent, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and
vend, within that part of the said United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GIVING
THE TAKING-UP OR WINDING-ON MOTION TO SPOOLS OR BOBBINS AND TUBES OR OTHER
INSTRUMENTS ON WHICH THE ROVINGS OR THREAD IS WOUND, IN ROVING, SPINNING,
OR TWISTING MACHINES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Henry Houldsworth, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next immediately ensuing the date of the now

page_text: reciting Letters Patent, to cause a particular and exact description of my said
Invention, and the manner of making and using the same, in default whereof
the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and privileges thereby granted, were
to cease, determine, and become void.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Houldsworth the younger, do hereby declare, that the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
particularlydescribed and ascertainedinandbythe Drawingshereuntoannexed,
and the following description thereof; but before describing my Invention it
may be well to explain in words the nature of the advantages effected by its
adoption.
In roving, spinning, and twisting machines, the rovings or thread are or is
delivered by the front roller at an uniform speed, and passing through the
flyer (by which it is twisted) it is then wound or coiled upon the bobbins.
In order to wind or coil the thread upon bobbins, it will be observed that if
the spindle stood still it would only be necessary to give motion to the bobbin,
so that its surface might leave or pass the delivering end of the flyer at a
velocity equal to that of the surface of the front roller; and on the other
hand, if the bobbin and the spindle be both driven at the same speed, it is
evident that no part of the thread could be taken up or wound on the said
bobbin. The actual speed, therefore, of the bobbin must be always greater or
less than that of the spindle, so that its acceleration or retardation shall cause
its surface to advance or recede in a given time from the point of delivery of
the thread from the arm of the flyer a distance equivalent to the length of
the thread, as delivered in the same time by the front roller; aud it is this
acceleration or retardation or difference of speed between the speed of the
spindle and flyer and the speed of the bobbin which I call the "taking-up or
winding-on motion." In machines of the ordinary construction, a change in
the twist or relative speed of the spindle and front roller alters the relation
between the speed of the said roller and the velocity with which the surface
of the bobbin leaves or passes the delivering point of the flyer, and it is
attended with much trouble and difficulty to make the proper re-adjustments of
speed for preserving the duc taking-up movement of the bobbin.. Now, by
the application of my Invention to such machines this trouble and difficulty is
wholly removed, as upon making a change in the twist no alteration is required
in the "taking-up motion." In the description of my said improvements it will
be seen that the required difference of speed between the bobbin and spindle
or flyer is obtained and regulated in a manner quite independent of and not
affected by any change in the twist.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed,

page_text: one of the forms in which I construct and apply my said improvements is
delineated and shewn in Tab. 1, 2, and 3.
In Tab. 1, Fig. 1 is a section of the said apparatus, wherein R 8 represents
a hollow shaft, on which are mounted two large wheels R4 and A 14. These
two wheels are dished or hollowe.lout on their face towards the centre, and the
wheel A 14 has a rim projecting from its inner face near its extreme diameter,
as shewn in the Drawing. The wheel R 4 is fast upon the said shaft, and is
connected with the spindles. The wheel A 14 is loose upon the said shaft, and
is connected with the bobbins. A 17, A 17, is the band by which the taking-
up motion is communicated from the cone pulley A 5 to the wheel A 14, as
seen in Fig. 2, Tab. 1, and is what I call the "taking-up band." A 13, is a
wheel, with an inside circle of teeth, screwed fast upon the inner face of
A 1 f. A 9 and A 10 are two pullies, with two grooves each, round which the
taking-up band is carried in its progress through the shaft R 8. Upon the
sockets of these pullies the pinions A 11, A 11, are fastened. These pullies are
fitted to unloose on the studs B, B, which are screwed against one another into
the inner face of the wheel Rt, as shewn in the Drawings hereunto annexed,
in such a position as that the pinions A 11, A 11, may take into the teeth of
the wheel A 13. AS is a pulley upon a stud, which stud is screwed to the
hollow shaft RS; the periphery of this palley projects into the centre ofthe shaft
through a longitudinalslit cut therein, wide enough toallow the pulley to revolve
freely, and this pulley is so placed as to conduct the taking-up band in its passage
through the shaft from the centre thereof to the first groove of the pulley A 9.
A 12, is a carrying pully similar to A 8, and placed on a stud fixed to the shaft
R S, for the purpose of conducting the taking up band from the pulley A 10,
into the centre of the shaft, and towards its exit end C. A 5, Figure 2, is a
hand pulley, which I call the cone pulley, being fast upon the top of the cone
shaft A 20, the under groove of which pulley is placed level to the centre of
the hollow shaft R 8. A 6, is a carrying pulley, with five grooves, cor-
responding to the same number of grooves in pulley A 5, and serving as a
conducting pulley to the taking-up band on its way from the pulley A 5, into
the centre of the entrance end of the hollow shaft R 8. A 7, Figure 1, is a
carrying pulley, with one groove so placed as to carry the band from the exit
end of the hollow shaft in the direction of the cone pulley A 5. This pulley
runs upon a moveable stud, to admit of its being placed at a greater distance
from the end of the hollow shaft in the direction of the axis of the shaft, so as
to tighten the band when required. The taking-up band A 17, proceeds from
the pulley A 5, round the carrying pulley A 6, into the entrance end, audalong
the centre of the hollow shaft R 8, as far as the pulley A S. It then leaves

page_text: the centre of the shaft, passing out over the pulley A 8, and thence twice over
the pullies A 9 and A 10, taking first the grooves nearest A 11, A 11.
From the groove nearest to R 4, on the pulley A 10, the band proceeds
over the carrying pulley A 12, into the centre, and along the hollow of
the shaft R 8, to the exit end C, where it passes over the carrying pulley A 7,
to the cone pulley A 5, over which, and the carrying pulley A 6 (to
prevent its slipping) it is taken four or five times, previous to splicing or
joining its ends together. From the arrangement now described, it will be
seen, that if the pinions A, 11, A, 11, be prevented from revolving upon their
studs, the wheel R 4, in revolving, will carry the wheel A 13 with it; but
if while the pinions A 11. A II, are revolving round the axis of the
hollow shaft with R 4, they be made to revolve on their own axes by motion
communicated to pullies A 9 and A 10 for that purpose, then the motion
the pinions A 1, A II, impart to wheel A. 13, will be the result of their
two motions. These two motions are quite independent of each other. The one
it is seen is derived by the studs B, B, and pinions A 11, A 11, being carried
round with wheel R 4, which is connected with the spindles. The other
motion is imparted to pullies A 9 and A 10 by the taking-up band, which
is connected with the rollers, as hereafter described. As the roller and
taking-up motions in their relative speed to the spindle require always to be
changed together, and in the same proportion, the taking-up band is per-
manently connected with the roller, and by the motion which it communicates
to A 9 and A 10, it adds to or diminishes the motion that would otherwise
be communicated to A 13 by the revolution of R 4 thus producing in A 13
a motion differing from the speed of R 1 by the taking-up motion, which
motion thus produced in A 13, is at all times and under all speeds of the roller
and spindle the proper bobbin motion.
Having described the particular action of the taking-up band, and the
manner in which the bobbin motion is obtained, I shall proceed to trace and
describe the several movements of the whole machine, as delineated in the
Drawings hereto annexed, by which means the particular action of my im-
provement, in connection with the ordinary movements of the machine, will be
more clearly understood. At Tab. 1, Fig. 2, is shewn an end elevation of
a bobbin and fly-frame, with one of my improvements for giving the taking-up
or winding-on motion attached to it. Tab. 2, Fig 1, is an elevation of the
opposite end of the same frame; and Tab. 3 isa front elevation ofthe end, seen in
Fig. 2, Tab. 1, for more clearly shewing the progress of the taking-up band, and
other
parts s of my improvement, the action of which has been already described.
This elevation only comprizes three bobbins, by which the action on any

page_text: number will be shewn clearly. To make this description more intelligible I
divibe the motion of the machine under four heads, viz. :--
First, the roller motion;
Second, the spindle motion;
Third, the bobbin motion, which is the result of the spindle motion, modified
by the taking-up motion; and,
Fourth, the traverse or copping motion.
In Tab. 2, x is a pulley fast on the spindle shaft S, driven by any adequate
power, which imparts motion to the wheel R 1 in Tab. 1 and Tab. 3, on the
front or delivering roller, thro' the wheel R 5, R 4, R 3, and R 2; R 2,
being the change twist wheel, and R 4 being connected with the spindles by
taking into R 5, which is fast upon the spindle shaft. The spindle motion is
communicated the spindles by bands carried from the pulley T, fast upon
the shaft S, and round the spindle warves in the usual way. The manner
in which the bobbin motion is communicated to A, 13, has been already
described. A 13 is fast upon A 14, and A 14 takes into wheel W 1, which
is fast upon W 2, see Tab. 3; and by a band motion is conveyed in the
usual manner to the bobbin warves from a pulley W 3; on the shaft W 2
at the end of the front roller, as shewn in Fig. 2, Tab. 1, is placed a bevil
wheel A 1, which drives a bevil pinion A 2, ou the end of the shaft of
drum A 3. This drum is placed in an inclined position for keeping the
strap A 18 of an uniform tension when acting at any diameter of the
cone A 14. The strap A 18 drives the cone A 4 (which is fixed on the
shaft A 20), and by acting upon the cone at different diameters gives to it the
taking-up as well as the traverse motion hereafter described. The successive
advances of the strap from the bottom to the top of the cone are all equal, and
are regulated by an escapement motion derived from the traverse of the
copping rail. This may be effected by change racks of equal divisions, as
seen in Tab. 4, or by pegs placed equi-distant on the face of a pulley, as seen in
Tab. 3, where three different series are shewn in the concentric circles 1, 2, 3,
the connection between the rack or escapement pulley and the belt guide being
made in any way so as to produce successive traverses of the strap upwards
upon the disengagement of each tooth or peg, or by any other well-known
apparatus, by which the position of the strap on the cone is made to
correspond with the increasing size of the bobbin. The traverse motion is
communicated by a pulley M 1, which is fast on the bottom of the cone shaft,
to the strap M 2 and the pulley M 3, which is fast upon the shaft M 4, which
passes through a socket M 5, screwed to the frame; on the uper end of the
shaft is a collar, on which it rests, and above it is fixed the bevil change

page_text: copping pinion M 7, which takes into the bevel wheel M 8, fast on the mangle
pinion shaft M 9.
In Fig. 1, Tab. 2, the mangle pinion in M 9 takes into
the mangle wheel, which acts on the copping rail in the ordinary manner.
In Tab. 4, Figs. 5, 6, and 7 represent another arrangement of a machine
for roving, in which my improvement is applied in a different form. Fig. 6 is
a sectional elevation, as seen from the back, in which the rollers are driven and
connected in the usual manner, and are so generally understood as not to
require further explanation. The spindle motion, or manner in which the
spindles are connected with the front roller, is as follows:-A is a wheel on
the front roller; B is a wheel taking into A. and fixed upon the shaft C; (on
the opposite end of C is fixed the wheel 1), which takes into the carrier wheel
E, and by it turns the wheel F, which is fixed upon the shaft G; on G is fixed
the spindle driving pulley H, which gives motion to the spindles by means of
a band coiling several times round H, and the carrier pulley (to prevent its
slipping), and thence to the pulleys upon the spindles, in the usual manner.
The bobbin or taking-up motion, or manner in which the bobbins and front
roller are connected, is as follows:-As already shewn, the shaft C is con-
nected with the front roller by means of the wheels B and A. On C is a pulley
I 1, from which a strap runs to and turns the cone K in the manner better
shewn in Fig. 7, Tab. 4, where the pulleys L, L, are seen attached to a lever,
from which a weight is suspended to keep the strap at the same tension as it
traverses upon the cone in the manner herein-after described. The cone K,
Fig. 6, Tab. 4, is fixed upon the shaft M, on the end of which is fixed the
pinion N. This takes into and turns the wheel O, which runs loose upon the
shaft G. Attached to and within the wheel O is placed the bevel wheel P, as
shewn by dotted lines. This turns upon a stud Q that is fixed to O, but will
be more clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 2, Tab. 4, where, in Fig. 1, the wheel O
has a piece cut out of the face or web, in order to receive the wheel P. The
stud Qis flattened at each end, and, being placed across the opening, is fixed to
by screws passing through the web of the wheel and the flat ends of the
From this mode of connecting O and P, it will be perceived that if a
rotatory motion be given to Q, on its axis G, it will carry round with it the
wheel P. R is a pulley for driving the bobbins, similar in all respects to H,
and revolves loose upon the shaft G. To the pulleys H and R are fixed the
bevel wheels S and T, the same in size and number of teeth as the wheel P.
From the pulley R motion is communicated to the boboins by a band coiling
several times round Rand the conducting pulley u, and thence, passing over v,
coils round the bobbin pulleys in the usual manner, and returns under W, and
back again to R. Keeping in mind that the pulley H is described as being
studs.

page_text: fixed upon the shaft G, while the wheel O and pulley R run loose upon it, we
shall now suppose the three bevil wheels S, P, and T. brought into gear with
each other, as more clearly shewn in Fig. 2, Tab. 4, and kept in that situation
by a small moveable collar a, which is attached to the shaft G by a screw.
It will be seen that if a rotatory motion is given to the shaft G, and conse-
quently to pulley H and wheel S, and supposing the wheel O to stand still,
then S will turn P, and P turn T and its pulley R, and cause R to make the
same number of revolutions as H, but in a contrary direction; but if a motion
be given to the wheel O by the pinion N in the same direction as II, it will
diminish the velocity of R one revolution of O, subtracting two revolutions
from R; or supposing the pulley H to revolve four times while the wheel O
revolves once, then the pulley R will revolve twice, and by this means the
requisite variation of speed is given to the pulley R by varying the velocity of
the wheel O, which is connected by the pinion N to the cone K. The strap is
caused to traverse longitudinally upon the cone K to different diameters from
the small to the larger end, by passing over pulley I 1, which is permitted to
slide along the shaft C,while it revolves along with it by a tongue or rib being
fixed inside the hole in the pulley 11, and taking into a groove in the shaft C.
To the pulley II is attached the rack Y, which has equal escapements or
divisions. The catches z, z, which take into the teeth of the rack, are con-
nected with and lifted by the copping railat the proper intervals, in the manner
shewn in Fig. 6. The catch being lifted alternately out of the rack it is suf-
fered to escape by a weight drawing it along, and consequently the strap is
traversed to a different diameter of the cone. The copping motion, or manner
in which the copping rail is connected with the front rollers, is as follows:-
The connection from the front roller to the cone shaft M is already described
in the bobbin motion. On the end of the cone shaft M is fixed the pinion A 1,
which takes into the wheel B 1. This wheel is fixed upon a stud C 1, which
runs loose in a socket. On the opposite end of the stud C 1 is fixed the
pinion D 1, which takes into the wheel E 1, which is fixed upon the shaft
FI. Upon the end of the shaft F 1 is fixed the pinion G 1. This pinion takes
into the mangle wheel H 1, thereby producing an alternating motion, which
is communicated to the copping rail by racks and pinions in the usual way.
Fig. 3, Tab. 4, is another modification of my said improvement, in which I
use spur wheels instead of bevils. The same description of machine will
do as shewn in Fig. 6, Tab. 4, with the exception of the following:-To
the wheel O is attached a socket in which runs a stud K 1, on one end of
which is fixed a pinion L 1, of thirty teeth; on the other end is fixed the
pinion M1,oftwenty teeth; on the inner boss of pulley His fixed the pinion Hi

page_text: of twenty teeth; and on the boss of the pulley R is fixed the pinion o 1,
of thirty teeth. These four pinions take into each other; from which it will be
perceived that if a rotatory motion as given to H, and supposing the wheelO to
stand still, then will a diminished speed in the proportion of the pinions used
be given to R in the same direction as H, and H would revolve two and a
quarter times while R revolved once; consequently, were H and R of the same
diameter the spindles and bobbins would move at the same proportionate speed;
but in the former description of the machine, Fig. 6, Tab. 4, it is shewn that
if the wheel O stands still the spindles and bobbins revolve at the same speed;
and to produce the same effect in this modification I vary the respective dia-
meters of the pullies H and R in the same proportion as the pinions vary
their speed (that is to say), I make H 4 inches in diameter, and R 9 inches,
by which it will be seen that the spindles and bobbins go at the same velocity.
But I am not at all confined to these particular proportions of wheels and
pullies, and merely give them to make it more clear.
At Fig. 4, Tab. 4, is shewn a section of another form of my improvement in
machinery for giving the taking-up motion to the bobbin. G is a shaft con-
nected with the first mover. Tis the spindle driving pulley fast on the
shaft G. H is a wheel fixed on the shaft G, between the pully R and the
wheel O, which are both loose upon the shaft, and are kept in their places
on the shaft by the socket of H on their respective insides, and by loose
collars X, X, and sets screws on their respective outsides. On the inner
surface of the rim of R is fixed the wheel T 1, with an inside circle of teeth.
L1 is a pinion fitted to run upon the stud X 1, which is fixed on the inner
surface of the wheel O in such a position that the pinion may take into the
wheel H and into the inside circle of the teeth of T1. O is a wheel carrying
the stud X 1. N' is a pinion fast on the cone shaft M, which, taking into the
wheel O, communicates to it the taking-up motion, and causes it to revolve on
the shaft G, carrying the stud X 1 and pinion L1 round with it. His con-
nected with the spindles, being fast on the spindle shaft G; and T 1 is connected
with the bobbins, the pully R being the bobbin driver. When O is sta-
tionary the pinion L 1 imparts to T 1 the motion of H; but if while the
pinion L 1 is transmitting the motion of H to T1, L1 be carried round the axis
of the shaft G by the taking-up motion of O, the motion imparted to T 1 will
no longer be that of H, but it will be the motion of H increased or diminished
by the taking-up motion of O, and which, under every relative speed of the
spindle and roller, will take up the same, if the motion of O remain the same.
By due inspection of the foregoing Drawings and the description thereof, it
will be seen that the rotatory movements which I have employed are analogous

page_text: to the motions of the earth on its orbit and on its axis, and that the mostessen-
tial characteristic of my said improvement consists in such analogy to the
planetary motion.
Having now described several forms of my improvements in machinery, by
which I communicate the taking-up or winding-on motion to spools or bobbins,
as well as the application thereof to machines for roving, spinning, and twist-
ing, I do hereby declare that I do not claim as of my Invention such intire
machines, but I do claim those parts of machines, or those forms of machinery,
shewn in the Drawings at Tab. 4, Fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, and Fig. 1, Tab. 1, before
described, as applied in roving, spinning,and twisting machines, for the purpose
of giving the taking-up. or winding-on motion to spools or bobbins, or tubes
or other instruments on which the rovings or thread are or is wound in such
machines. And as these forms or parts of machinery may admit of different
modifications in the construction thereof, all capable of producing the same
effect, without departing from my said Invention, I do,claim any such modifi-
cation of these forms or parts of machinery applied to roving, spinning, and
twisting machines, whereby the effect herein-before set forth and described
is or may be produced.
T.
whereof I have bozounts cot me hond and cool the Thirteenth
HENRY (L.S.) HOULDSWORTH, Jun'.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1826, the aforesaid Henry Houldsworth the younger came
before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Fifteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-six: