An Improved Process for the Production of Milk-like Solutions of Albumen.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1898-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for the Production of Milk-like Solutions of
Albumen.
I, JULIUS WELCKER, of Cologne on the Rhine, Klapperhof, German En pire,
Apothecary, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
:-
This invention relates to an improved process for the production of milk-like
solutions of albumen and has for its object a novel process for the production of
preparations of this character.
Previous processes for the preparation of artificial milk of a definite composition,
and more especially of a milk suitable as food for infants, and equal in composition
to human milk, were previously all based upon the employment of cow-milk.
In consequence however, of the entirely different varying, and inconstant pro-
portions of the mineral contents, as well as of the albuminoides and fatty matters
of cow-milk to each other, it is practically impossible to prepare from cow-milk,
an artificial milk, which shall be exactly equal to human milk in its chemical
composition, as well as in its physiological and dietetic qualities.
Furthermore, all processes based upon the employment of cow-milk, have also
the disadvantage, that in order to produce a durable preparation, a sterilizing by
the aid of heat is necessary, whereby, as is known, the albuminoides in the milk
undergo a change in the heat and become partly transformed to the so-called
albumosen, and furthermore, no longer possess their previous digestive qualities.
I have endeavoured to obviate the above mentioned drawbacks in the invention
forming the subject of this application, and by means of my improved process an
artificial milk of any desired composition (and entirely sterilized) may be prepared
without a sterilizing by heat and without the consequent changing to an extent of
the albuminous matter, which as above indicated, takes place when the said
sterilizing is effected by employment of heat.
My invention possesses the especial characteristic features that the artificial
milk or the like produced by my improved process is synthetically built up from
its various constituents, that is to say, the various elements of the milk are united
to a milk like product, the second characteristic feature being, that the separate
constituents may be sterilized before being employed in the compound.
I have chosen to illustrate my invention by giving an example as to the manner
in which an artificial human milk may be produced by my process.
To effect this I may proceed as follows:
I firstly take a mixture of cow-caseine and albumen in their proper proportions
as contained in human milk, viz. together 1% (according to Hoffmann). These
two components can, according to known processes, be previously cleansed. Either
the dry mixture of the said two albuminoides is now sterilized by known chemical
means, or each component of the same is separately sterilized by known chemical
means.
To effect this I may employ strong alcohol or formaldehyde alcohol or other
similar and suitable agents. Hereupon a suitable quantity (4%) of a suitable

page_text: .
fatty matter, f.i. butter-fat, is sterilized by itself, (also according to known
methods), filtered, and incrassated by the aid of a rapidly operating emulsion
apparatus, in an alkaline liquid, which dissolves the albuminous matter.
A suitable alkaline liquid, would be f.i. a diluted solution of caustic soda or
caustic potash, of such strength, that the base contained therein corresponds to
the acidity of the albuminous matter.
The amount of water to be added, is perhaps best determined, by employing so
much water for the dissolving of the alkali, as would represent the dry weight of
the mixed albuminous and the fatty matters. together..
الان
The rest of the mineral substances (0:2) in the same proportion as is found in
the known analysis of human milk, (the said substances possibly dissolved in water),
are then added to the before mentioned. pliable.mass, and in conclusion, the necessary
quantity (7%) of sugar of milk is now dissolved in the proper percentage or
quantity of water which has yet to be added to the preparation. Ittis: clear that
before this last mentioned addition, all the components, also the sugar of milk,.
the salts, and of course also the water must be, (or should be), sterilized in known
way.
"}
1
The remaining organic substances. contained in human milk, as far as these have
already been determined, may now be added to the finished product.
. '
The sterilized preparation is subsequently filled into bottles or the like, and
will keep in good condition for an unlimited length of time.
Artificial milk thus prepared, according to my improved process, has exactly the
same composition as human milk and besides this, possesses the same physiological
and dietetic qualities.
When coagulated by acids, this preparation gives, in contra-distinction, to cow-
milk, the same even fine flaky curd, as human milk, the albuminoides in the pre-
paration being entirely unaltered and being present in the same proportion to
each other as in human milk.
My process therefore permits of the possibility of the preparation of a constant
and unchanging composition of an artificial milk or, in other words, of an arti-
ficial milk-compound.
It will be furthermore clear, that my invention also allows of any milk prepara-
tion or compound of any previously determined composition to be produced, such
as f.i. for medical purposes. I may therefore prepare f.i. milk-preparations with
a certain percentage of phosphoric acid, oxide of calcium, iron, or other medical
substances furthermore, by the use of iodine, bromine, (or other similar) albuminous
compounds, the suitable and corresponding iodine or bromine-etc. milk-prepara-
tions can be obtained in view of the fact, that in consequence of the previous
sterilizing of the other components of the mixture as herein before specified, the
otherwise easily changing halogenous albuminoides remain now unchanged in
their composition.
I also mention that although the previously mentioned order or succession of the
various stages of the herein before mentioned process for the preparation of an
artificial human milk which I have given as an example of my invention, although
the said order appears to me the most suitable for the various stages of my process,.
it yet remains a matter for test, (notwithstanding the above), to each time, or for
each preparation to find, choose and follow the most suitable order for the various
'stages of such mixing process, as in some cases it may be advantageous, to vary
or change the order given in the above example.
The typical characteristic feature of my process, (which for the sake of clear-
ness, I repeat), is, that in each case the employment of a synthetical method is
maintained, which permits of a sterilizing by themselves of the components of the
compound or preparation, thereby for each of the components, according to their
chemical nature, the most suitable sterilizing process or agent can be chosen, that is
to say, the difficulties of ordinary sterilizing, at once removed.
The preparations so produced can receive an impartation of the characteristic
flavour of milk, by means of the addition of suitable substances or liquids, such
as cumarin, butter-ether and the like.

page_text: It is also clear, in conclusion, that in certain cases, only such substances need
be separately sterilized, the sterilizing of which is indispensable or absolutely
necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. An improved process for the production of artificial milk-preparations or
compounds, characterised by the milk being synthetically put together from its
component parts, the said component parts being sterilized either separately or
in groups of the same nature from a sterilizing point of view, the said components
of the preparation being then subsequently mixed together and the finished com-
pound thus produced, substantially as described.
2. The modified process for the production of artificial milk-preparations or the
like, as claimed in Claim 1, in which, before the mixing of the components together,
only those components of the preparation are previously sterilized, when such
sterilizing is considered necessary for certain purposes, substantially as described.
3. The employment of the process claimed under Claim 1 for the production of
medicinal milk-preparations, characterised by either, the addition of such sub-
stances having a therapeutic action, such as the halogenous albuminous compounds,
or, by the increasing of the proportion of certain elements of the natural milk,
substantially as described.