An Apparatus for Cooling and Aerating Hot Worts for the Production of Malt Liquors.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1890-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Apparatus for Cooling and Aerating Hot Worts for the
Production of Malt Liquors.
MELANCTHON HANFORD, 12 Bowdoin Street Boston Mass., U.S.A. Inventor do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an apparatus for cooling and aerating the hot wort for the
production of malt liquors.
In apparatus of this kind the spraying tubes or nozzles are likely to become clogged
in the operation of atomizing the hot liquid and various attempts have been made to
produce a nozzle which would deliver a uniform spray of the desired fineness and at
the same time would be capable of affording a large unobstructed passage for the
purpose of flushing in case the spraying orifice should become clogged.
In all such contrivances so far as known to me, having a deflector which co-
operates with the mouth of the delivery tube to make a narrow annular spraying
orifice the deflector has been supported or guided by, or in some way connected
with a part having either a rotary or sliding movement on some part of the body
of the spraying device or part in which the delivery tube is formed.
Such contrivances have invariably proved extremely objectionable if not wholly
inoperative in actual practice owing to the gummy nature of the liquid which soon
practically cements together the moving parts by which the spraying deflector is
supported and adjusted with relation to the orifice, so that the said deflector cannot
be moved to afford the large direct passage required for the proper flushing, nor
for adjusting the width of the narrow spraying orifice.
These objections are overcome by my invention which is embodied in a spraying
nozzle having a deflector of the kind just referred to and relates mainly to the means
for supporting and operating the deflector that cooperates with the mouth of the
tube or nozzle to form the annular and preferably conical or flaring spraying orifice
through which the liquid is delivered, such kind of an orifice having proved to
be efficient for spraying the liquid and of itself forming no part of the present
invention.
In order to provide a suitable support for the said deflector by which it may be
held in any desired proximity to the mouth of the delivery tube so as to form a spray
of any desired degree of fineness, and at the same time to afford means for moving
the deflector away from said mouth or orifice so as to afford a large unobstructed
passage for flushing the deflector is in accordance with this invention supported and
guided solely by a lever itself supported on a suitable fulcrum or pivot and preferably
provided with a counter balance sufficient to sustain the deflector against the normal
pressure of the fluid.
The said lever is also controlled by a cord or chain which may be extended to any
suitable point accessible to an attendant and provided with an adjustable fastener
which limits the movement of the lever in the direction that carries the deflector
towards the mouth of the delivery tube and thus determines the size of the orifice.
By merely pulling on the chain the lever may be swung so as to move the deflector
any desired distance away from the orifice, thus leaving a free and unobstructed
passage for the escape of liquid which will then carry away any solid matter that may
have accumulated in the orifice, or in other words will effectually flush and clean the
spraying devices.
Fig. 1, is a sectional view of a cooling room showing the main portion of the
apparatus for cooling and aerating the hot liquid in side elevation.
Fig. 2, is a side elevation partly in longitudinal section of one of the spraying
:

page_text: Fig. 3, a detail showing a cross section on line 3, 3, Fig. 2 of the deflector sup-
porting lever at the part traversed by the issuing stream or sheet of liquid, and,
Fig. 4, a detail showing one of the adjusting devices for determining the position
of the deflector.
The portions of the said apparatus with which the said spraying nozzles most
directly cooperate comprising the supplying pipe a, into which the hot liquor is forced
from the boiling kettle and which is supported in the cooling room at some distance
above a collecting receptacle B, that receives the liquid when delivered from the said
supply pipe a, through the nozzles A several of which are commonly connected with
a single supply pipe, the number varying according to the amount of liquid to be
operated upon and in practice usually ranging from five or six to ten or fifteen.
Each of said nozzles is, however, entirely independent in its operation of all others
so that but one need be described.
Each of the said nozzles is composed mainly of a main tubular body b, provided at
one end with means for attaching it to and placing it in communication with the
supply pipe a, it being shown in this instance as connected by means of a coupling
nut ; which enables the device to be readily set in any desired angular position.
The body b, has a straight uninterrupted passage through it and terminates at its
lower end in a mouth or orifice 62, which may be made slightly tapering or conical
around its inner periphery; and below and in line with said mouth is supported a
deflector d that is tapering or conical in shape and capable of seating within and so
as to tightly close the mouth 62, of the nozzle like a valve; but when held a short
distance off from said seat the said deflector forms with the mouth of the nozzle a
narrow annular flaring passage through which the liquid issues in a thin flaring
divergent sheet, the divergence of which almost immediately causes the liquid to be
broken up into minute particles or spray which fall gently through the atmosphere
into the collector B.
Such a deflector has been used prior to this invention and I do not herein claim the
delivery tube and deflector, the present invention relating to the means for supporting
and operating the deflector which will now be described.
The deflector is supported just outside the mouth 62, upon the stem e, preferably
pivottally connected at e 2, with one arm of a lever f, itself fulcrumed at f2, and
provided with a counter balance shown in this instance as a weight 9, see Fig. 1,
which is adjustable along the long arm of the lever so as to vary and adjust the
force by which the deflector d, is sustained against the pressure of the outcoming
liquid.
The said weight g, or counterbalancing force is preferably adjusted so as to slightly
over balance the pressure of the liquid on the deflector d, when the orifice is of
minimum size and the pressure on the liquid is of normal amount and if the orifice
should become clogged by solid matters carried by the liquid, the pressure on the
deflector would be somewhat increased and would thus force the deflector further
away from the mouth increasing the size of the orifice and permitting the liquid
to flow in a heavier stream and thus carry off the solid matter or flush out of the
⚫ nozzle.
Such flushing operation is entirely automatic but in-as-much as the pressure may
not always be sufficient to open the nozzle and flush it automatically means are
provided for positively operating the lever f, so as to widely open the orifice if
need be.
This might of course be done by merely raising the lever by hand, if it were
accessible, but as the entire spraying device is usually not easily accessible while the
operation is going on, the said lever is in accordance with this invention provided with
an operating cord or chain extending over suitable guides or pulleys to a point
easily accessible to the operator, who by pulling on said chain will open the atomizer
and permit the solid stream to issue and thus thoroughly flush out the nozzle.
It has heretofore been customary in apparatus of this kind to adjust the deflector for
its normal position relative to the mouth of the delivery tube, by means of a stop of

page_text: some kind forming a part of the body of the delivery tube or of the adjusting support
for the deflector on the delivery tube itself.
This is objectionable for the reason that if one of the nozzles requires adjustment
the operation of the entire apparatus must be stopped as the nozzles are practically
inaccessible while the operation is going on.
These objections are overcome in the present invention by leaving the supporting
lever f, and the deflector d, perfectly free, so far as their connection with the body of
the atomizer is concerned, to move until the deflector d. becomes wholly seated,
but in order to prevent it from seating and to adjust or limit its nearest approach
to the mouth of the delivery tube, the cord or chain , is connected at its end to a
fastener or adjusting device best shown in Fig. 4, consisting of a slide bar i, to which
the chain is connected, said slide bar moving in a guide k, and being threaded at one
end and provided with a nut i 2, that engages the said guide so that by rotating said
nut the slide bar is moved in one or the other direction thus taking up or letting out
the chain, which forms a support for the outer end of the lever f, limiting the
movement of the said lever produced by the weight g, by which the deflector d, is
caused to approach the mouth 62.
The guide k, may be a transverse bar of wood bored to receive the several slide
bars i, cooperating with the several nozzles and the upper part of the said slide bar is
squared in cross section as shown and works in a washer or plate k 2, having a square
opening which prevents the bar from turning when the nut i 2, is turned for the
purpose for adjusting the chain.
The said nut i 2, bears against a metal plate or washer 3, at the under side of the
guide bar k.
As the chains are flexible they can be carried to any desired point and all the
chains, of the different nozzles may be brought down side by side, merely setting
them far enough apart to enable one to be operated independently of the others
without inconvenience and the operator may thus readily adjust any nozzle while the
operation is going on and if it should be noticed that any nozzle was clogged and
failed to clear itself the operator by merely pulling laterally upon the corresponding
chain above its support would open that nozzle widely as indicated in dotted lines,
Fig. 1, thus enabling it to be perfectly flushed out.
The deflector d, might be rigidly connected with the lever f, but by pivoting it as
shown and allowing it a slight movement on its pivot it will centre itself under
the pressure of the issuing liquid so as to make the annular passage of substantially
equal width all around.
The joint or hinge connection e 2, between the deflector stem and lever is made to
admit of only a very small movement so that the deflector cannot fail to come into
the mouth of the delivery tube and the stem is extended below the said joint and
weighted as shown, so as to tend to keep it vertical.
The fulcrum support of the lever f, is shown in this instance as made at the
end of a bracket 63, extending from the body of the delivery tube b of the spraying
device and is outside of the range of the issuing liquid but even if the pivot or
fulcrum of the lever should become sticky by the gumminess of the liquid, it would
owing to the slight surface exposed and to the great leverage of the force applied
to move the lever be perfectly easily moved, while anything operating with a sliding
action like a sleeve imoving longitudinally on the outside of the delivery tube, or two
parts engaged by a screw thread would become gummed together by the liquid
and held very firmly so as to make it an almost an impossibility to operate the
deflector.
That portion of the lever f, which is traversed by the issuing liquid is made thin
and sharp in the line of movement of the liquid so as to afford but little obstruction
thereto, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.
It is very objectionable to have all of the spraying nozzles operated simultaneously,
for the purpose of flushing, as in many cases only one requires to be flushed out
but it flushing mechanism actuated in common for all is employed they would all
have to be opened in order to clear that particular one, and such opening materially

page_text: reduces the pressure of the liquid so that the flushing operation is less effectual
than when one only is opened and furthermore it lets a large amount of liquid
escape without being reduced to spray and having its temperature lowered; but by
providing simple and effectual means by which each atomizer may be flushed out
separately such objections are overcome and the flushing operation is not only made
more effectual but is effected without so much loss in the cooling and aerating effect.
Dated this 19th day of March 1890.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Apparatus for Cooling and Aerating Hot Worts for the
Production of Malt Liquors.
MELANCTHON HANFORD Inventor 12 Bowdoin Street Boston Massachusetts U S.A.,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention relates to an Apparatus for Cooling and Aerating the Hot Wort for
the Production of Malt Liquors.
In apparatus of this kind the spraying tubes or nozzles are likely to become clogged
in the operation of atomizing the hot liquid and various attempts have been made to
produce a nozzle which would deliver a uniform spray of the desired fineness and at
the same time would be capable of affording a large unobstructed passage for the
purpose of flushing in case the spraying orifice should become clogged.
In all such contrivances so far as known to me having a deflector which cooperates
with the mouth of the delivery tube to make a narrow annular spraying orifice, the
deflector has been supported or guided by, or in some way connected with a part
having either a rotary or sliding movement on some part of the body of the spraying
device or part in which the delivery tube is formed.
Such contrivances have invariably proved extremely objectionable if not wholly
inoperative in actual practice owing to the gummy nature of the liquid which soon
practically cements together the moving parts by which the spraying deflector
is supported and adjusted with relation to the orifice, so that the said deflector cannot
be moved to afford the large direct passage required for the proper flushing, nor for
adjusting the width of the narrow spraying orifice.
These objections are overcome by my invention which is embodied in a spraying
nozzle having a deflector of the kind just referred to and relates mainly to the means
for supporting and operating the deflector that cooperates with the mouth of the tube
or nozzle to form the annular and preferably conical or flaring spraying orifice
through which the liquid is delivered, such kind of an orifice having proved to be
efficient for spraying the liquid and of itself forming no part of the present
invention.
In order to provide a suitable support for the said deflector by which it may be held
in any desired proximity to the mouth of the delivery tube so as to form a spray of
any desired degree of fineness, and at the same time to afford means for moving the
deflector away from said mouth or orifice so as to afford a large unobstructed passage
for flushing the deflector is in accordance with the invention supported and guided
solely by a lever itself supported on a suitable fulcrum or pivot and preferably
provided with a counter-balance sufficient to sustain the deflector against the normal
pressure of the fluid.
The said lever is also controlled by a cord or chain which may be extended to any
suitable point accessible to an attendant and provided with an adjustable fastener
which limits the movement of the lever in the direction that carries the deflector
towards the mouth of the delivery tube and thus determines the size of the
orifice.
By merely pulling on the chain the lever may be swung so as to move the deflector
any desired distance away from the orifice, thus leaving a free and unobstructed

page_text: passage for the escape of liquid which will then carry away any solid matter that may
have accumulated in the orifice, or in other words will effectually flush and clean the
spraying devices.
The drawings referred to are those filed with my Provisional Specification.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a cooling room showing the main portion of the
apparatus for cooling and aerating the hot liquid in side elevation.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation partly in longitudinal section of one of the spraying.
nozzles on a larger scale.
Fig. 3 a detail showing a cross section on line 3, 3, Fig. 2, of the deflector
supporting lever at the part traversed by the issuing stream or sheet of
liquid, and
Fig. 4 a detail showing one of the adjusting devices for determining the position:
of the deflector.
The spraying tubes or nozzles A are especially intended to be used as part of an
apparatus for cooling and aerating malt liquors in the cooling room at some distance.
above a collecting receptacle B, that receives the liquid when delivered from the said
supply pipe a, through the nozzles A several of which are commonly connected with
a single supply pipe, the number varying according to the amount of liquid
to be operated upon, and in practice usually ranging from five or six to ten or
fifteen.
Each of said nozzles is, however, entirely independent in its operation of all others.
so that but one need be described.
Each of said nozzles is composed mainly of a main tubular body b, provided at one
end and with means for attaching it to and placing it in communication with the supply
pipe a; it being shown in this instance as connected by means of a coupling nut c,.
which enables the device to be readily set in any desired annular position.
The body b, has a straight uninterrupted passage through it and terminates at its
lower end in a mouth or orifice 62, which may be made slightly tapering or conical
around its inner periphery; and below and in line with said mouth is supported
a deflector d that is tapering or conical in shape and capable of seating within and so as
to tightly close the mouth of the nozzle like a valve; but when held a short distance off
from said seat the said deflector forms with the mouth of the nozzle a narrow annular-
flaring passage through which the liquid issues in a thin flaring divergent sheet, the
divergence of which almost immediately causes the liquid to be broken up into
minute particles of spray which fall gently through the atmosphere into the
collector B.
Such a deflector has been used prior to this invention and I do not herein claim
the delivery tube and deflector, the present invention relating to the means for-
supporting and operating the deflector which will now be described.
The deflector is supported just outside the mouth 62, upon the stem e, preferably
pivotally connected at e², with one arm of a lever f, itself fulcrumed at f2, and
provided with a counter balance shown in this instance as a weight g, see fig. 1,.
which is adjustable along the long arm of the lever so as to vary and adjust
the force by which the deflector d, is sustained against the pressure of the out--
coming liquid.
The said weight g, or counter-balancing force is preferable adjusted so as to slightly
over-balance the pressure of the liquid on the deflector d, when the orifice is of
minimum size and the pressure on the liquid is of normal amount, and if the orifice
should become clogged by solid matters carried by the liquid, the pressure on the
deflector would be somewhat increased, and would thus force the deflector further
away from the mouth, increasing the size of the orifice and permitting the liquid
to flow in a heavier stream and thus carry off the solid matter or flush out the-
nozzle.
Such flushing operation is entirely automatic but inasmuch as the pressure may not.
always be sufficient to open the nozzle and flush it automatically, means are provided
for positively operating the lever f, so as to widely open the orifice if need be.
This might of course be done by merely raising the lever by hand, if it were.

page_text: i
:
c.
-
1
accessible, but as the enure spraying device is usually not easily accessible,
the operation is going on, the said lever is in accordance with this invention provided
with an operating cord or chain extending over suitable guides or pullies to a point
easily accessible to the operator, who by pulling on said chain will open the atomizer
and permit the solid stream to issue and thus thoroughly flush out the nozzle.
It has heretofore been customary in apparatus of this kind to adjust the deflector
for its normal position relative to the mouth of the delivery tube, by means of a stop
of some kind forming a part of the body of the delivery tube or of the adjusting
support for the deflector on the delivery tube itself.
This is objectionable for the reason that if one of the nozzles requires adjustment
the operation of the entire apparatus must be stopped as the nozzles are practically
inaccessible while the operation is going on.
These objections are overcome in the present invention by leaving the supporting
lever f, and the deflector d, perfectly free, so far as their connection with the body of
the atomizer is concerned, to move until the deflector d, becomes wholly seated, but
in order to prevent it from seating and to adjust or limit its nearest approach to the
mouth of the delivery tube, the cord or chain , is connected at its end to a fastener
or adjusting device best shown in fig. 4, consisting of a slide bar i, to which the chain
is connected, said slide bar moving in a guide k, and being threaded at one end and
provided with a nut 2, that engages the said guide so that by rotating said nut the
slide bar is moved in one or the other direction thus taking up or letting out the
chain, h, which forms a support for the outer end of the lever f, limiting the move-
ment of the said lever produced by the weight g, by which the deflector d, is caused
to approach the mouth ².
The guide, may be a transverse bar of wood bored to receive the several slide bars i,
cooperating with the several nozzles and the upper part of said slide bar is squared in
cross section as shown and works in a washer or plate ², having a square opening
which prevents the bar from turning when the nut 2, is turned for the purpose of
adjusting the chain.
The said nut, bears against a metal plate or washer k³, at the under side of the
guide bar k.
As the chains h, are flexible, they can be carried to any desired point and all the
chains h, of the different nozzles may be brought down side by side, merely setting
them far enough apart to enable one to be operated independently of the others
without inconvenience, and the operator may thus readily adjust any nozzle while the
operation is going on, and if it should be noticed that any nozzle was clogged and
failed to clear itself, the operator by merely pulling laterally upon the corresponding
chain above its support would open that nozzle widely as indicated in dotted lines,
Fig. 1, thus enabling it to be perfectly flushed out.
The deflector d, might be rigidly connected with the lever, but by pivoting it as
shown and allowing it a slight movement on its pivot it will centre itself under the
pressure of the issuing liquid so as to make the annular passage of substantially equal
width all around.
The joint or hinge connection e² between the deflector stem and lever is made to
admit of only a very small movement so that the deflector cannot fail to come into
the mouth of the delivery tube and the stem is extended below the said joint and
weighted as shown, so as to tend to keep it vertical.
The fulcrum support of the lever f, is shown in this instance as made at the end of
a bracket 3, extending from the body of the delivery tube b of the spraying device
and is outside of the range of the issuing liquid, but even if the pivot or fulcrum of
the lever should become sticky by the gumminess of the liquid, it would owing to the
slight surface exposed and to the great leverage of the force applied to move the lever
be perfectly easily moved, while anything operating with a sliding action like a sleeve
moving longitudinally on the outside of the delivery tube, or two parts engaged by a
screw thread would become gummed together by the liquid and held very firmly so
as to make it almost an impossibility to operate the deflector.
That portion of the lever f, which is traversed by the issuing liquid is made thin and

page_text: sharp in the line of movement of the liquid so as to afford but little oḥstruction
thereto, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.
It is very objectionable to have all of the spraying nozzles operated simultaneously,
for the purpose of flushing, as in many cases only one requires to be flushed out, but
if flushing mechanism actuated in common for all is employed they would all have to
be opened in order to clear that particular one, and such opening materially redrices
the pressure of the liquid so that the flushing operation is less effectual than when one
only is open, and furthermore it lets a large amount of liquid escape without being
reduced to spray, and having its temperature lowered; but by providing simple and
effectual means by which each atomizer may be flushed out separately such objections
are overcome, and the Bushing operation is not only made more effectual but is
effected without so much loss in the cooling and aerating effect.
What I desire to claim is :-
1. A spraying device consisting of a delivery tube open at one end, combined with
a deflector and a counter-balanced supporting lever constituting the sole, support for
the said deflector, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. A spraying device consisting of a delivery tube open at one end combined with
a deflector and a counter-balanced supporting lever constituting the sole support for
said deflector, and a cord or chain connected with said lever and an adjustable fastener
whereby the deflector may be operated and its position relative to the delivery tube
adjusted, substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. The combination of the delivery tube provided with a bracket with a lever
fulcrumed in said bracket and a deflector pivotally connected with said lever and
supported thereby at the mouth of the delivery tube, substantially as described.
Dated this 22nd of May 1890.
MELANCIHUN HANFORD.
MELANCION
HANFORD.
Declared at Boston, in the County of Suffolk, State of Mass., U.S.A., this 22nd
day of May 1890.
Before me,
W. H. STUART,
Acting British Consul.