IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL OR PREPARED FUEL FROM ANTHRACITE DUST OR CULM,' OR FROM OTHER COAL DUST, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Harrison, of Killenaule, in the County of
Tipperary, Ireland, Mining Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL OR PREPARED FUEL FROM
ANTHRACITE DUST OR CULM,' OR FROM OTHER COAL DUST, AND IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE."
f
Sealed the 2nd May 1873, and dated the 6th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Harrison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th November 1872.
I, HENRY HARRISON, of Killenaule, in the County of Tipperary,
Ireland, Mining Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL OR PREPARED
FUEL FROM ANTHRACITE DUST OR 'CULM,' OR FROM OTHER COAL DUST, AND IN
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its principal object to utilise the dust of anthracite
coal, but is or may be applicable in the utilisation of the dust of other
coal. When carrying my said Invention into effect I add to the said

page_text: dust a suitable proportion of clay, the quantity of clay added to the
dust varying to some extent according to the quality of the dust or to
the purposes for which the artificial fuel is intended. I also add or
prefer to add salt or a solution of salt to the said dust, as, for example,
I may add about one part by weight of salt to eight hundred parts. by
weight of dust. The clay and dust are ground and incorporated by
means of "edge runners," water, or a solution of salt being added. A
number of perforations are formed in the bed on which the said edge
runners roll, and a slide or slides is or are so arranged as that the said
perforations may be opened or closed as desired. When the said dust
and other above-named ingredients are amalgamated into a coherent
pasty condition the said slide or slides is or are moved so as to open
the said perforations and the mixture is forced by the action of the
said edge runners through the said perforations into wagons or recep-
tacles or into the space beneath the aforesaid bed, and is removed
from the machine, and is or may be dried in the open air, or in sheds,
or in any suitable manner. The said slide or slides may be so operated
as to effect the division of the issuing mixture into pieces of a convenient
size for drying and for subsequent use as fuel:
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Harrison in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HARRISON, of Killenaule, in the County of Tipperary, Ireland, Mining
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Harrison, Her special
license that I, the said Henry Harrison, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Harrison,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make

page_text: use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL OR PREPARED FUEL FROM
ANTHRACITE DUST OR 'CULM,' OR FROM OTHER COAL DUST, AND IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," upon the condition, amongst others, that
I, the said Henry Harrison, by an instrument in writing, under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Harrison, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to
say—
My Invention has for its principal object to utilise the dust of
anthracite coal, but is or may be applicable in the utilisation of the dust
of other coal.
When carrying my said Invention into effect I add to the said dust
a suitable proportion of clay, the quantity of clay added to the dust
varying to some extent according to the quality of the dust, or to the
purposes for which the artificial fuel is intended. I also add or prefer
to add salt or a solution of salt to the said dust, as, for example, I
may add about one part by weight of salt to eight hundred parts by
weight of dust. The clay and dust are ground and incorporated by
means of edge runners, salt and water, or a solution of salt being
added. When the said dust and other above-named ingredients are
amalgamated into a coherent pasty condition, the mixture is forced
through perforations and the issuing mixture is cut or divided into
pieces of a convenient size for drying, and for subsequent use as
fuel.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I
have furnished to accompany this Specification a Sheet of Drawings
illustrative of the machinery which I have found to be suitable when
carrying my said Invention into practical effect, the, said Drawings

page_text: .
being made about one-twelfth of the full size and being marked with
letters of reference, corresponding letters indicating the same parts in
the various Figures.
Referring in this place to the said Drawings, Fig. I is a vertical
elevation of the said machinery, and Fig, 2 is a plan thereof.
In the said Figures a, a, are the edge runners which are mounted
on the cross shaft 6 which passes through the cross head c fixed on the
upper end of the vertical shaft d. A driving shaft e fitted with fast and
loose strap pulleys fimparts a rotatory motion to the said vertical shaft
by means of the bevil gearing g the said edge runners being thus caused
to travel in circular paths within the pan and to triturate and amal-
gamate the materials placed within the said pan as in similar apparatus
employed for other purposes. The apparatus is provided with scrapers i, i,
which act in tlie usual manner and with a delivery opening through which
the materials when sufficiently operated upon may be discharged into
the shoot which conducts the said materials into the hopper of the
cylinder 1. The said cylinder is provided with a central shaft m on
which is fixed a spur wheel n, with which gears a spur pinion o fixed
on the shaft p, which receives motion through the gearing 9 from
the strap pulley 1. On the shaft m are fixed a number of propelling
blades indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, the said blades being formed
to have a screwing action on the contents of the cylinder 7- so that as
the said shaft revolves the said contents are condensed and gradually
propelled towards the inner end of the said cylinder. A "wiper" fixed
on the shaft m near the said inner end of the cylinder propels the
mixture within the cylinder alternately towards each of the two dies 8, 8.
The said dies are perforated with a number of holes, preferably of a
circular or conical form. Each die is provided with a cutting frame t
containing a strained wire, the two cutting frames being fitted to slide up
and down. A cam or wiper u fixed on the shaft m and acting through
the levers and shafts v, v, alternately upon each cutting frame causes
the said frames to be alternately drawn downwards, whereby the
rolls or masses of mixture which have been forced through the
perforations in the dies 8, s, are divided into pieces of a suitable
length.
The operation is somewhat as follows, namely, the anthracite or coal
Just and uitable nummutiana ր
1
..

page_text: for example, about forty parts by weight of clay, and one part of salt
to each eight hundred parts of the said dust are placed within the
pan h, the mixture being operated upon by the edge runners until it is
reduced to a coherent pastý condition, water being added before or
during the operation as may be required. The mixture having been
sufficiently ground is now to be discharged into the cylinder 1, wherein
it is condensed and is propelled towards the two dies and being forced
alternately through one or the other of the said dies, and being severed
by the cutting frames as herein-before mentioned is formed into short
or comparatively short masses of a cylindrical form. The dies may be
constructed to impart any other desired form to the pieces of fuel, but
I prefer the cylindrical form as being well adapted for quick drying,
and for subsequent combustion, the pieces so formed fall on to travelling
aprons w, w, which convey or may convey the said pieces into a suitable
drying chest. I prefer that the said aprons shall be of a considerable
length in order that the said pieces may dry and consolidate to some
extent whilst upon the aprons. The said pieces when removed from the
said aprons are stacked or arranged for drying in a drying shed or in
sheds or in the open air, as may be most suitable.
In my Provisional Specification I mentioned that the mixture was
to be forced through perforations formed in the bed of the edge runners,
but I have found it to be desirable to mould the mixture in the manner
herein described, but it must be understood that I do not confine
myself to the form and details of this part of the apparatus, I prefer to
employ two or more sets of edge runners in connection with one
moulding cylinder:
In Fig. 2 the dotted lines h', h¹, indicate the portion of two additional
sets of edge runners arranged to discharge into the hopper of the
cylinder l.
Having now fully described and indicated the nature of my said
Invention, I would have it to be distinctly understood that I claim as
my Invention.-

page_text: And lastly. The treatment of the herein-before mentioned materials
with edge runners, and the formation of the ground mixture into pieces
of the form herein-before indicated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Harrison, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Signed and sealed by the said
Henry Harrison, in the pre-
sence of,
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent for the Patentee,
Manchester.
HENRY HARRISON. (L.S.)