AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING OR FORMING THE FOUNDATION OR BODY OF COM- POUND CYLINDERS USED FOR PRINTING OR EMBOSSING FABRICS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Keates, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Copper and Lead Smelter, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
MODE OF MANUFACTURING OR FORMING THE FOUNDATION OR BODY OF COM-
POUND CYLINDERS USED FOR PRINTING OR EMBOSSING FABRICS."
Sealed the 11th May 1860, and dated the 23rd November 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Keates at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
November 1859.
I, WILLIAM KEATES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Copper
and Lead Smelter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING OR FORMING THE FOUNDATION OR BODY
OP COMPOUND CYLINDERS USED FOR PRINTING OR EMBOSSING FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
Whereas, up to this time, the mode of making such foundation or body of
compound cylinders has either been by forming a hollow tube, and inserting
such tube after its formation into the shell of copper or other metal or alloy
forming the outer part of the cylinder, or by casting a hollow tube within such
shell of copper or other metal or alloy as aforesaid; my improvement consists
in taking a solid cylinder of suitable metal, and inserting it within the outer
shell of copper, or other metal or alloy forming the printing or embossing
surface, or I cast the said solid cylinder directly within the outer shell of
copper or other metal or alloy, and having by either of these modes, or any

page_text: analogous mode obtained a solid cylinder of one metal within an outer shell
of another, I bore out of the centre of the solid cylinder a suitable aperture
to receive the printing maundrill, and also where the same is required, I cut
r form a nib or slot within such aperture. The compound cylinder thus
formed is finished or made ready for the engraver by all or any of the usual
processes of hammering, rolling, drawing, turning, and polishing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Keates in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
KEATES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Copper and Lead Smelter,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Keates, Her special licence that I, the said William Keates,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Keates, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANU-
FACTURING OR FORMING THE FOUNDATION OR BODY OF COMPOUND CYLINDERS USED FOR
PRINTING OR EMBOSSING FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Keates, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Keates, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
Whereas up to this time the mode of making such foundation or body of

page_text: compound cylinders has either been by forming a hollow tube, and inserting
such tube after its formation into the shell of copper or other metal or alloy
forming the outer part of the cylinder, or by casting a hollow tube within
such shell of copper or other metal or alloy, as aforesaid; my improvement
consists in taking a solid cylinder of suitable metal, and inserting it within
the outer shell of copper or other metal or alloy forming the printing or
embossing surface, or I cast the said solid cylinder directly within the
outer shell of copper or other metal or alloy, and having by either of
these modes, or any analogous mode obtained a solid cylinder of one metal
within an outer shell of another, I bore out of the centre of the solid
cylinder a suitable aperture to receive the printing maundril, and also where
the same is required I cut or form a nib or slot within such aperture to fit
into a corresponding slot or nib upon the printer's maundril. The compound
cylinder thus formed is finished or made ready for the engraver by all or
any of the usual processes of hammering, rolling, drawing, turning, and
polishing.
Having thus fully described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim the formation of the foundation or body of compound rollers
from a solid cylinder or block of metal by the modes herein described, or any
modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Keates, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
WILLIAM KEATES. (L.S.)
Witness to the Signature of the said
William Keates,
THOS. HUGHES,
Book-keeper to Messrs. Newton, Keates, & Co.,
Greenfield Mills,
Holywell.