A NEW SYSTEM OF MOULDING WITHOUT FOUNDRY PATTERN
Year: 1858

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Jozé Luis at the Office of
i
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on the
14th September 1858, pursuant to the 9th Section of the Patent Law
Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOZE
LUIS, Patent Agent, of No. 1", Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, London,
in the County of Middlesex; send greeting.
WHEREAS. I am in possession of an Invention for "A NEW SYSTEM OF
MOULDING WITHOUT FOUNDRY PATTERN," and have petitioned Her Majesty to
grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters
Patent for the same; and have made solemn declaration that the same is a
communication to me from a foreigner residing abroad.
NOW KNOW, YE, that I, the said Jozé Luis,, do hereby declare the
following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal, fully describes and
5 ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in which the

page_text: same is to be performed, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
that is to say:-
My Invention is applicable to the moulding of cog wheels, and consists
principally in hollowing out in sand by means of a revolving plane table
turning round a fixed centre a circular space, having for depth the height of
the wheel, and for thickness that of the felly of the wheel, reckoning the teeth.
In this hollow are placed several cores, moulded separately, and having the
form of the openings between the teeth at equal distances, one from the other
by means of an apparatus similar to a graduating machine. This system will
be easily understood by. aid of the accompanying Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus, which is also represented in
section in Fig. 2.
The apparatus consists of a vertical shaft A, wormed and held at the upper
extremity in a support B, and resting at the base in a socket C, or better still,
screwed in a piece of cast iron or wood (Fig. 1) placed beneath the mass in
which one: moulds: To this shaft is attached a joint d for raising or decending
gradually, like a boring machine, a horizontal rule D, to which is fixed, either
by a press or by means of bolts e, the plane tables E¹ & F, the one serving to
hollow out the mould of the felly, the other the boss of the wheels. The
upper part of the shaft A bas a wheel with, a spiral cog a, which governs
an endless screw on a horizontal shaft b, governed by a crank. To the
extremity of the shaft ba needle is fixed, moving on a dial equally divided, and
serving to mark the revolutions made by the endless screw. A vernier or
sliding gauge may be used in place of the dial. The spokes of the wheel,
together with the slips, are mounted by means of two frames if for sand
casting, or one, if for loam casting, being the same as if a model was used.
The following is the manner of proceeding-First, the rule D & the
plane table E is fixed in such a position & height that on causing them
to revolve round A, the sand is hollowed out in a circle, the largest radius
being the inner radius of the felly, and the greatest depth half the height
of the same, more or less, half the thickness of the spokes, according to
the position which they are to occupy in the upper or lower frame, being
the same as is practised in moulding with models. The sand is then
removed by hand out of the circular hollow G (Fig. 3); in this is now
spread a layer of powdered coal for modelling the disk or upper frame H
(Fig. 4). A block carefully cut out produces a hollow in a more regular
manner. This hollow becomes the mould of the opposite part. Before
pressing the sand the spokes are traced; the impression of which is thus
marked on the opposite part, and thus determines the slips. Instead of

page_text: leaving a clod of sand to represent the half of the nave, it is better to replace
it by a half nave in hard sand of corestove, if not in wood. The rule D is
then displaced by lowering it, and the plane table E by removing it from the
centre A its entire length, in such a manner that a circular space I intended.
for casting the felly and the teeth, and another hollow J for the nave is formed.
Between these two hollows is the lower frame K (Fig. 5.). The spokes are
formed in the following manner-If the spokes have slips on each side,
plane boards f disposed as spokes are, inserted. in the upper & lower frame,
forming the slips of the spokes of the wheel in a perpendicular position to it.
One single plane board suffices for all the slips when the precaution has been
taken of tracing first of all the arms. It is inserted successively in a sort of
drain at equal distance of the marks, and withdrawn in the same manner,'
taking care to smooth, the filled up parts with polishers. By means of a plane
table, which is used as a beam compass, the sand is removed in g to a given:
depth, each side off to form the spoke, that is, the part which is in the plan
of the wheel (as seen in the Figs. 6, 7,) which represent a plan & section,
according to 3 & 4 of our system. The frame H is placed on that of K
(Fig. 7). For casting the teeth a core box (Fig. 8) is used; it is composed
of two or three pieces i, K, e, (Fig. 9) fastened by a ring or frame L. In the
space m, which subsists between these three pieces, sand is pressed, which form
the cores or the intervals of the teeth. These cores must then be placed in
the circular hollow I; for this purpose the wheel a is made to move by means
of the endless screw in a proportionate quantity to the number of the teeth.
This movement is followed by the plane E, at the side of which, at each
stoppage, a core n (Fig. 2) is placed. By this arrangement the cores, and
consequently the teeth of the wheels, are placed with a mathamatical regularity..
The cores are fixed to the outer circumference of the hollow I, either by
damping them, or by the help of potters' clay mixed with flour paste, or by a
pin passing through them. Instead of the wheel a and the endless screw, a
needle moving in the interior of a fixed graduated circle could be attached at
once to the rule D.
The following changement may be made with great advantage as regards
precision, cheapness, & lightness :-Fig. 11 another dividing apparatus, more
especially when used for large spindles, applied to the moulding of wheels of
large diameter. The cog wheels a, a, are replaced by a large circle a, a,
mounted on the extremity of the shaft A, which is made slightly conical, like
the hole of the nave; it must not be glued on the shaft for fear of injuring the
centre. The point of an adjusting thumbscrew, fixed in the nave, follows a
little grooving in order that it may always occupy the same position with regard

page_text: to the shaft, which is made to turn on the points in the points made by the
lathe. This shaft serves also as a mandril for turning the circle in the
external circumference on a size of one line; it thus governs and draws by.
friction a little nave q, which turns on two points, having a needle or hand
moving on the dial c or graduated circle according to the decimal system,
being divided into a thousand parts. This nave is mounted in a sliding piece
or support, which is driven before by a small spring e, which serves also to
regulate the pressure and consequently the friction. All this part of the
dividing apparatus is mounted on a cast-iron piece S on the upper surface; it
is attached to the arm B by means of a strong bolt K; the large circle during
this operation is conducted by hand. Consequently the number of divisions
passed over by the needle during a complete revolution of the rule D is the
number which must be divided by the number of teeth of the wheel to be
mouldered, and the quotient gives the number of divisions which the needle
must pass over to each tooth K or core that is placed. This new dividing
apparatus operates with a precision truly mathematical, and can be well
applied to the great lathes for wooden cog wheels to turn, divide, and cut them
without dismounting the pieces.
.It will be easily seen that the supplementary slips, if required, can be made
by means of plane tables or beam compasses properly arranged; therefore by
using this apparatus bevil wheels can be also made:
In conclusion, my Invention consists in moulding without model, the funda-
mental principal being the hollowing out the form of wheels and cogwork in
sand by means of the apparatus above described, and to place on them, by
means of a graduated dial, the cores moulded separately and serving to form
the intervals between the teeth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jozé Luis, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of September; in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
.
J. LUIS. (L.s.)