Improvements in Apparatus for Indicating and Recording the Output or Work Performed by Paper Making and other Machinery.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Indicating and Recording the
Output or Work Performed by Paper Making and other
Machinery.
A communication from abroad by HENRY C. KING, of Lawrence, in the State of
Massachusetts, one of the United States of America.
I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane, in the County of
London, Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It is frequently desirable in manufacturing plants to automatically record at
some suitable point, as for instance in the office, the out-put or work performed by
various machines in the work rooms.
Particularly is this true in connection with the manufacture of paper wherein
the paper making machines are run night and day, it being a great desideratum
that the superintendent should in the moruing, be able to determine accurately
the amount of work performed during his absence in the night.
In the manufacture of paper the paper making machine is usually adjusted to
produce paper of a specified weight per yard, and it frequently happens that during
the night, or other tine when the overseer or superintendent is absent, the work-
men readjust the machine to cause it to make a heavier paper, so that the rolls of
paper produced, while of the required aggregate weight, are, nevertheless, short
in the number of yards they contain.
The workmen may also vary the operation of the machine to vary the output.
With these facts in mind my correspondent has conducted experiments in order
to produce, if possible, an apparatus which would automatically record in the office
the operations of the machines at all times.
Such an apparatus to be intelligible and to show the superintendent exactly
what had taken place during his absence, should not only record the number of
feet of web or paper produced by a machine per minute, but should also record the
time and duration of various stops for the changing of wires and felts, breakage of
the web, repairs, etcetera.
The experiments have resulted in an apparatus embodying the invention
forming the subject of this application which apparatus operates preferably
through the medium of electricity, such being the most practical means for
recording at a distant point the operations of any machine.
In the preferred embodiment of my invention I provide a receiver adapted to be
located in the office, or at any other desired point at which the permanent record
is to be made, and which contains a recording sheet, co-operating with which is.
suitable recording mechanism for recording not only the out-put of the machine,
but also the times and duration of the stops, the sheet for the best results being
made movable by suitable clock work.
The movements of the recording mechanism in the apparatus here selected to
illustrate my invention is controlled by two sets of electro-magnets, one set in
circuit with a circuit changing device connected in suitable manner with the
machine in the mill and adapted to change the condition of the circuit periodically
or upon the completion of certain specified number of feet or other quantity of the

page_text: output of the machine, the other of said receiving magnets being electrically
connected with a second circuit changing device actuated only when the machine
is stopped.
In applying the apparatus to paper making machinery it is preferred to arrange
a roll in contact with the web of paper as it leaves the machine, which roll at the
end of every predetermined number of rotations, indicating a certain number of
feet of paper produced, actuates the circuit changing device referred to, to make
the required record at the distant receiver.
In the drawing,
Fig. 1 represents one form of transmitting device adapted to be connected with
the machine in the shop or mill, the face plate of said device being removed to
expose the working parts within ;
Fig. 2 is a view looking at the side of a portion of the mechanism shown in
Fig. 1;
Fig. 3, a face view partially broken away of one form of receiver;
Fig. 4, a side view of the same, partially broken out, and
Fig. 5, a view illustrating the preferred type of dial or recording sheet from
which the work of the machine is read.
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1, A represents an enclosing shell adapted to be
arranged in close proximity to the machine the out-put of which is to be recorded,
said shell having suitable bearings for the prime or motor worm shaft a having a
worm a working in a worm wheel a²,. Fig. 2, loose on a shaft a journaled in
suitable bearings in the said shell, said worn wheel a having a hub on which is
cut a pinion a', in mesh with and driving a larger toothed wheel a, loosely
mounted upon a shaft a", the hub of said wheel a being provided with a pinion a
geared to a larger wheel a³.
The hub of the wheel as is shown provided with a cam a' having a shoulder or
drop 4, see Fig. 1.
Resting upon and in contact with this cam a' is one arm 6 of the L shaped
circuit changing device B, pivoted at b¹ and having its other arm fitted with an
electrical contact & adapted to co-operate with the spring contact 63 attached to the
binding screw for proper change in the condition of an electric circuit, as will be
hereinafter described.
The circuit changer B has its pivot also preferably connected with a binding
screw 6, as shown.
In practice the worm shaft a is connected in suitable manner with some moving
part of the machine, the said shaft where the apparatus is used in connection with
a paper making or other similar machine, being preferably connected with a
roller, as for instance, the spring roller in contact with which the completed
paper runs in leaving the machine, a certain specified number of rotations of
the roller representing a certain number of feet of paper delivered from the
machine.
The cam a is therefore rotated slowly, the circuit changer B riding upon the
cam surface and when it reaches the shoulder 4 in the cam, drops, and thereby,
through its contact b*, closes an electric circuit through the spring 63, the said
circuit changer being at once raised slightly by the cam, as shown, to again break
the circuit, so that an electric impulse is sent over the circuit at the end of every
predetermined number of rotations of the worm shaft a, which shaft constitutes
one form of prime actuator for the apparatus.
In the apparatus shown, the worm shaft a is provided at its inner end with a
bevel gear a in mesh with, and driving a mating gear all on a vertical shaft c,
journalled in suitable bearings c¹ in the enclosing shell.
Fast on this shaft c is a hub c², to which are pivoted at the swinging governor
weights connected by links with the vertically movable sleeve c, surrounding
the said shaft c, a spring c tending to press the said sleeve normally down into its
lowermost position with the governor weights also in their lower-most position
-nearest their axis of rotation.

page_text: Immediately beneath the flanged bottom of the sleeve c I have arranged a bell-
crank circuit changing device d. pivoted at d¹ to a part of a binding post d², and
having a spring to retain it norinally in its elevated full line position Fig. 1.
The circuit changing device d has a contact adapted to co-operate with the
spring contact d on the binding post do.
Rotation of the worm shaft a causes corresponding rotation of the shaft c, and of
the governor weights e, which, by centrifugal force, move to a greater or less
distance from their axis according to the speed of rotation, and should rotation of
the worm shaft a cease because of the stopping of the machine for any reason, the
said governor weights will immediately drop to their lowermost position, causing
the sleeve to be pushed downwardly, and, acting through the circuit changing
device d, close an electric circuit between the two contact or binding posts d, d³,
for a purpose to be described.
The shaft c with its governor weights, operating as shown, constitutes one form
of stop indicator, that is, said shaft and weights act to indicate the stopping of the
machine for any reason.
Referring now to Sheet 2 of the drawing, E is one form of receiver, the same,
as shown, consisting of an enclosing shell e in which is journalled the shaft, el
carrying at its front end a dial plate e, adapted to receive and carry a paper or
other recording dial or sheet m, the latter being retained in position upon the
plate by a suitable annular holding ring e³.
The dial plate is provided with a circular groove e', to enable the sheet applied
to the plate to be punctured by a suitable needle point, as will be described.
The shaft el with its dial plate and recording sheet are rotated, preferably once
in twenty-four hours, by suitable clock mechanism contained in the upper part of
the enclosing shell, the minute and hour hands e, e, for the said clock mechanism
being shown at the face Fig. 3.
The measuring recorder arm f, hercin shewn as carrying the prick or needle
point, is fast upon a shaft f2, journalled in a suitable lug f on the outside of the
shell e, said shaft at its end opposite the arm f having a crank, see dotted lines
Fig. 4, to which is jointed one end of the link fo, jointed at its opposite end to the
lever pivoted at 7, see Fig. 3.
This lever as shown, has a detent f, which rests always in one of the
notches in a ratchet wheel 10 mounted upon a shaft f" journalled in suitable
bearings within the enclosing shell.
Mounted loosely upon the shaft f" is an L-shaped armature carrying lever f
having one of its arms fitted with an armature f³, cc-operating with the receiver
magnet, the other arm of said lever having pivoted to it at f an operating
pawly 16, which latter ce-operates with the teeth on the wheel 10, a spring fi
retaining the said armature lever normally in its retracted position.
The magnet 14 is connected in circuit by wires 25-26, with the circuit
changing device B in the transmitter A of the apparatus, so that whenever the
circuit is closed by the circuit changing device B, indicating the completion of a
certain predetermined number of yards of the web or other specified quantity of
work produced, such closure of the circuit will energise the magnet f", causing it to
attract its armature and through its pawl to rotate its ratchet wheelf through
a distance of one tooth, which movement causes the detent f and its lever to ride
over the crown of one of the teeth of the said wheel and to drop down again into
the next succeeding notch, such rise of the detent lever f causing the needle
point on the marker to puncture the recording sheet, as best illustrated in the
detail Fig. 5, thus indicating upon the said sheet and with relation to the hour and
minute divisions thereupon, the precise time of completion of the specified number
of yards, or quantity of output.
The stop recorder arm is shown at h, the same at its free end being provided
preferably with a marking pencil or pen and at its opposite end pivoted at h²,
the same intermediate its length having jointed to it one end of a link at its
opposite end jointed to the armature lever h pivoted at and provided with the

page_text: armature co-operating with the receiver magnet ', a spring 8 retaining the said
armature normally in its retracted position.
The receiver magnet is connected in circuit by branches from the wire 26,
and by the wire 27, with the circuit changing device d of the transmitter, closure
of the circuit by the latter on the stopping of the machine, acting to enérgise the
magnet h' and cause the latter to attract its armature and thereby draw down into
its dotted position the marker to leave a record upon the recording sheet, such as
illustrated in Fig. 5.
The wire 26 is common to the circuits for both magnets and ', it having
branches leading from the magnets and to their respective circuit changing
devices.
Referring now to Fig. 5, I have illustrated the preferred form of dial or recording
sheet, and have indicated thereon a typical record such as would be made upon the
same by a twenty-four hours run of a paper making machine.
Referring to the said fig. the dial or recording sheet m is shown as provided at
its periphery with division lines m*, suitably marked to indicate the twenty-four
hours of the day, each hour division being subdivided by other lines, to indicate
minutes, seconds, etcetera.
The dots or punctures m' represent the punctures made by the measuring marker
or needle f¹ during the twenty-four hours rotation of the recording sheet, and by
noting the varying distances between successive punctures the various periods of
time consumed in running off the specified number of yards between one puncture
and another may be determined.
For instance, assuming that the machine is adjusted to produce six hundred
yards of paper of a specified weight for each complete rotation of the cam a°, that
is, six hundred yards between each two punctures upon the sheet, by reference to
Fig. 5, between the hours twenty-four and one it will be seen that there are seven
punctures, indicating that in that hour forty two hundred yards and a fraction over
were produced by the machine, whereas, referring to the hour nineteen to twenty,
it will be seen that there are only four punctures, indicating that only twenty-four
hundred yards were produced during that hour, which would show the superintendent
that the workmen had readjusted, or stopped or slowed down the machine so that
it had not produced the maximum quantity of paper. It will thus be seen that the
production of the machine for any hour or fraction thereof during the day or
night is permanently recorded upon the recording sheet.
Within the series of punctures m¹ will be seen an unbroken line marked n made
by the marker h¹ to show the times and duration of the various stops.
When, for instance, the paper or web breaks, the stop device at the transmitter
will act to close the circuit through the circuit changing device d and will thereby
energize the magnet h' and cause its marker h' to be drawn down towards the axis
of the recording sheet carrier E and make a short radial mark, such for instance
as shown at n', showing that the machine had stopped or the web broken, and the
line being a single line would indicate that the machine had been again started up
or the web brought over again before the sheet had moved any perceptible
distance in its travel.
Should the machine require new wires, however, it would necessarily require
the machine to be stopped for a considerable time, and in that case a break such as
indicated at n² would be made upon the sheet, the length of the break indicating
the number of hours or fractions thereof during which the machine was stopped.
The record is simply and clearly made and in such manner as to be quickly
grasped by the one in charge, and it requires the simplest form of mechanism.
My correspondent believes he is the first to indicate upon a recording sheet the
completion of certain predetermined quantities of work or web produced by
suitable marks or impressions made with relation to hour and minute divisions or
other characters to indicate the times at which the marks or impressions were
made, and further, to provide a stop recording mechanism to indicate the times
and duration of various stops.

page_text: The construction of apparatus herein shown and described is simple and efficient,
and, as before stated, I prefer to operate the same through the medium of
electricity, though I desire it to be understood that my invention is not necessarily
limited to the particular construction of apparatus shown, nor is it restricted to use
in connection with paper making or any other particular type of machine, for it is
evident that my invention embodied in suitable mechanism suggested to those
skilled in the art, may be adapted for recording the operations of various machines
or machinery.
Whilst in the foregoing description I have referred to and described under
the generic term of "a circuit changing device" a device which makes and
breaks a circuit, yet it will be readily understood by any competent electrician
that the making and breaking of the circuit would not be necessary always, as
the apparatus may be successfully operated by the use of any other suitable
known form of circuit changing device, which may not make and break the
circuit but which may for instance change the polarity of the current.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus of the class described, containing a prime actuator, journal
bearings therefor, product measuring mechanism operated by and during movement
of the said prime actuator, and a stop recording mechanism normally inactive,
but operated upon and by stopping of the said prime actuator, substantially as
described.
2. In an apparatus of the class described, a prime actuator; a product
measuring marker; connections intermediate the same and said prime actuator,
whereby the former is moved by the latter at the completion of predetermined
measurements of product; and an independent stop marker; and connections
between it and the said prime actuator, whereby said marker is actuated only upon
stopping of the said prime actuator and again upon its resumption of movement,
substantially as described..
3. An apparatus for recording the operations of a web producing machine,
containing the following instrumentalities, viz.:-a rotating prime actuator in
contact with and rotated by the travelling web, a circuit changing device
actuated by and at the end of a predetermined number of rotations of said prime
actuator, a receiver containing a moving recording sheet, a co-operating recorder,
and a receiving magnet therefor electrically connected with and controlled by said
circuit changing device, substantially as described.
4. An apparatus of the class described, containing the following instrumentalities,
viz. a rotating prime actuator, a circuit changing device actuated by and at the
end of every predetermined number of rotations of the said actuator, a receiver
containing a recording sheet, a co-operating recorder, and means to produce a
uniform relative movement of said sheet and recorder, and a magnent for said
recorder in circuit with and controlled by said circuit changing device, and a stop
marker and its actuating magnet electrically connected with and controlled by the
stopping of said prime actuator, substantially as described.
5. An apparatus of the class described, containing the following instrumentalities,
viz.:-a prime actuator, a measuring circuit changing device connected with and
operated at the end of every predetermined number of movements of the said
actuator, and a stop indicator operated by stopping of the said actuator, and a
circuit changing device operated by said stop indicator, a receiver containing a
recording sheet, measuring and stop markers and actuating magnets therefor
connected in circuits respectively with the said measuring and stop circuit
changing devices, and means to impart a uniform relative movement to said
recording sheet and markers independent of the movement of the latter by said
magnets, substantially as described.
6. In an apparatus of the class described, a receiver containing a plane

page_text: recording sheet, a measuring marker adapted to make a series of independent
marks upon the said sheet and in a circle thereon, the distance between successive
marks indicating variations in operating of the machine or mechanism, a stop
marker adapted by its marks made at different radial distances from the axis of
said sheet to indicate stopping of the machine or mechanism, transmitting devices
connected with and operated by the machine the record of which is to be kept,
said transmitting devices being connected with and to operate the said markers,
and means to impart to said recording sheet and markers a relative circular
movement, substantially as described.
Dated the 9th day of November 1896.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.