IM-' PROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Quentin Leon Brin, of Euston Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-'
PROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER."
Sealed the 17th March 1876, and dated the 18th September 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Quentin Leon Brin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th September 1875.
I, QUENTIN LEON BRIN, of Euston Road, in the County of Mid-
3 dlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment, as hereafter described, for
the purpose of obtaining motive power of the clasticity of explosive
gases directly or indirectly in presence of or in combination with a
liquid, such as water or oil.

page_text: The explosive gases are contained in a receiver provided with pipes
and valves communicating by pipe connection for conveying the liquid,
which is propelled by the expansion of ignited gases to another receiver,
regulator, or accumulator. This receiver, which also acts as a reservoir,
is constructed so as to bear a power up to twenty atmospheres or more.
-From-this-receiver-the liquid-passes to a turbine or other engine for
transmitting power to such engines as water wheels, hydraulic pistons,
hydraulic press or lever pistons.
'
A small piston may be used instead of a turbine, which'in a small
space and of small diameter can work with the same power as a piston
driven by steam.
I utilize the water or oil by the elasticity of the gases; for example,
water being incompressible, or nearly so, I obtain a very great power,
which I can increase or diminish at will, with a very small quantity of
liquid and very little space.
My Invention then essentially consists in the production of a motive
power by the expansion of gas in the presence, direct or indirect, of any
liquid. By this means I am able to dispense with a head of water, while
thic compressed liquid, less the friction, will represent a power.equal to
that of a column of water in proportion to the pressure to which the
liquid is submitted.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Quentin Leon Brin, Her
special licence, that I, the said Quentin Leon Brin, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Quentin Leon Brin,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Quentin Leon Brin, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Quentin Leon Brin, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say.:-
My Invention consists in the employment, as hereafter described, for
the purpose of obtaining motive power, of the elasticity of explosive
gases, directly or indirectly, in presence of or in combination with a
liquid, such as water or oil.
The explosive gases are contained in a receiver provided with pipes
and valves, communicating by pipe connections for conveying the liquid,
which is propelled by the expansion of ignited gases, to another receiver,
regulator, or accumulator. This receiver, which also acts as a reservoir;
is constructed so as to bear a power up to twenty atmospheres or more.
From this receiver the liquid passes to a turbine or other engine for
transmitting the power to such engines as water wheels, hydraulic
-pistons,.hydraulic press or lever pistons..

page_text: A small piston may be used instead of a turbine, which in a small
space and of small diameter can work with the same power as a piston
driven by steam.
I utilize the water or oil by the elasticity of the gases; for example,
water being incompressible, or nearly so, I obtain a very great power,
which I can increase or diminish at will, with a very small quantity of
liquid and very little space.
Second. Movable machines, locomotives, to turbines, water wheels
of all kinds, and to all hydraulic presses, hydraulic levers, and for all
purposes where power is required.
And in order to more fully illustrate the manner in which my In-
vention is or may be carried into effect, I will now describe the same
with reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of so much of an engine or machine:
constructed according to my Invention as will be sufficient to illustrate
the manner in which the same may be carried into effect.
A is the chamber or receiver in which the explosion of. the gas takes
place, and containing the liquid which is intended to be utilized as the
propelling power.
B is the second chamber or accumulator, which 2
contains the compressed air and water under pressure. C is the valve
in the chamber A. for the admission of water to the said chamber A.
D is a mushroom or other valve upheld by a spring at bottom of
chamber A, through which the water is forced into the chamber B.
E, tube or pipe whereby the water from chamber B is conveyed to a g
turbine or piston or other hydraulic motors. Fis another pipe provided
with safety valve-for-relieving the pressure-in-chamber-B-if-necessary;
G, safety valve to chamber A; H, pipe by which the gas to be exploded
in chamber A is conveyed thereto; I, water supply pipe; J, valve for
regulating the passage of water from chamber. B to motor. K shows 3

page_text: that part of chamber A where the explosion of the gas takes place,
and L that part of chamber B where the air is compressed.
The water in chamber B may have a layer of oil on its surface in
order to prevent the water from absorbing the air, with which it would
otherwise come in direct contact in the chamber B.
Figure 2 shows in side elevation a machine constructed according to
my Invention', and illustrating how the same may be used in connection
with a turbine; Figure 3 is a partially sectional view of the same,
wherein the gearing is more clearly illustrated. Similar letters of
reference refer to like parts in these Figures to those in Figure 1, so far
as the same can be seen.
M is the frame of the machine; N, the valve for the introduction of
water into the chamber A; O, valve for the introduction of gas into
chamber A; U, water overflow pipe; P, orifice by which the gas is
exploded; Q, turbine; R, fly wheel; S, S¹, S", toothed wheels for
regulating the movement of the valves; T, water reservoir; V, tube
through which the air in the cylinder A escapes, allowing free entry for
the water.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The reservoir T and
cylinder A having been filled with water or other suitable liquid, the
valve O is depressed by the roller on the wheel S¹ coming into contact
with the bell-crank lever d, so as to place the gas pipe H and overflow
pipe U in communication with the cylinder A. A portion of the water
in the cylinder A is thus allowed to escape into the chamber a, or it
may be into a reservoir placed beneath the apparatus. The chamber a
is provided with a valve upheld by a spring, through which the water is
at times drawn back into the cylinder A and used again. The space
thus formed in the cylinder A at K is filled by an explosive mixture of
air and gas through the opening communicating. with the pipe H, the
air being introduced into the pipe H through the branch b, at the upper
part of which is a perforated cap and tapered nozzle with adjustable
plug, by raising or lowering which the supply of air to the pipe H is
governed. A sufficiency of air and gas having been introduced into the
cylinder A, the valve O is shifted upwards by the roller c on the
wheel Su coming into contact with the bell-crank lever d, and throwing
it from the position indicated in dotted lines into the position shewn in
full (Figures 2 and 3). The same roller c next performs the function of

page_text: igniting the explosive mixture in the space K. by coming into contact
with and shifting the bell-crank lever e into the position shewn in
dotted lines (Figure 3), whereby the valve f is lifted so as to allow the
passage P to communicate with the nozzle on the other side of the
valve f. A jet of flame is constantly burning at this nozzle, so that as
soon as the valve fis lifted the explosive gas in the passage P is ignited,
and consequently an explosion in the space K takes place, driving all
the water in the cylinder A through the valve D and into the cylinder B.
The force and shock of the explosion is softened and almost nullified, by
the elastic cushion of air in the space L of the cylinder B, and the water
in the cylinder B is caused by the resilience of the compressed air in the
space L to flow in a steady and equable stream through the pipe Ę to
the turbine or other engine which my Invention may be employed to
actuate. Simultaneously with the explosion the valve f is released by
the roller c, and drawn back to its normal position by a spring attached
to its lower end. The roller c passes round and next engages with the
bell-crank lever g, whereby the water inlet valve N and air escape
passage V are opened. The explosion and expulsion of the water having
left a vacuum in the cylinder A, the water readily enters through the
valve C, and having refilled the cylinder A. the operations already
.described are repeated ad infinitum.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself
to the precise arrangements shewn and described for carrying my In-
vention into effect, the same being given only as illustrations of a
convenient way in which the same may be accomplished; neither do I
claim generally the application of the principle of the explosion of gas
in the presence of water for the purpose of compressing air, because. I am
aware that some unsuccessful attempts have been made to accomplish
this; but I do claim as my improvements in obtaining and applying

page_text: as described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, together
with any mere modifications thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Quentin Leon Brin, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six.