Improvements in Files.
Year: 1890

page_text: Die of Application, 18:h Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th June, 1.91-Accepted, 15th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Files.
JOSEPH OVEREND and BRADLEY OVEREND of Dumb Mill Valley Road,
Shipley in the County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the improvement in files and by the arrangement and
combination of a framework and blades reduces the ultimate cost thereof. By it
the files can be readily sharpened on emery wheel or grindstone, also the cutting
edges can be adjusted to suit the various metals or woods which they are desired
to work upon.
We accomplish our object in the following manner. Into a skeleton frame grooved
in the inner edges of the sides, we introduce steel blades, pivoted on each side.
These are worked by eccentric cams or other means placed at the file tang end, by
which the blades when dulled can be adjusted for grinding and afterwards readjusted
for work. We thereby secure a true file with a clean cutting edge.
Dated this Seventeenth day of September 1890.
JOSEPH OVEREND.
BRADLEY OVEREND.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Files.
We, JOSEPH OVEREND and BRADLEY OVEREND, of Dumb Mill Valley Road,
Shipley in the County of York, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in files for cutting, abrading, and
smoothing metal and other substances and it consists in forming the file teeth of
sheet steel mounted in a suitable holder and capable of being adjusted to facilitate
sharpening.
To fully describe our invention reference is made to the accompanying sheet of
drawings forming a part of this Specification in which similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in each of the figures.
Figure 1, represents a view of the face of our improved file with the teeth
omitted from the middle to more clearly show the construction of the holder.
Figure 2, is a back view, Figure 3, a side view and Figure 4, a longitudinal section
of the same.
Figures 5 and 6, are cross sectional views at the broken lines a, b & c, d
Figure 4.
Figure 7, is a separate view of one of the sheet metal teeth.
Figures 8 and 9 are enlarged sectional views of the file teeth to clearly show the
method of sharpening them by grinding.
The frame or holder A. is preferably formed of sheet metal stamped and pressed
to the section shown in Figures 5 and 6 so as to form a longitudinal groove B down
the centre and guides or lips C, C projecting inwards along each side. End pieces D
and E are brazed or otherwise rigidly secured in each end and the inner face of E
is inclined at the angle it is intended the teeth should cross the frame or holder.
The opposite end D has the clamping screw F, fixed to the handle G, passed
through it and said screw engages the sliding piece H fitted between the guides C.
The inner face of H is parallel to the inner face of E and the file teeth J stamped
Γ

page_text: from sheet steel and suitably hardened and tempered are mounted in the holder
between the guides C and are clamped by the screw F between the inclined faces
of E and H.
The back of the groove B consists of a series of inclined faces K fitting the
inclined faces e on the back of the wedge L mounted in such groove, and the
wedge L is provided with a projection O passing through the slot g in the back of
the groove.
The back of the teeth rest upon the outer face i of the wedge so that
when the screw F is slackened and the wedge moved in the direction of the arrow
Figure 4 by tapping the projection O the teeth are all inclined to the angle shown
by the broken lines J Figure 4 and on a larger scale Figure 9. When in this
position the edges of the teeth are ground flat and true then the wedge is driven
back to the position shown in the drawings and the screw tightened which brings
the teeth to the proper angle for cutting as shown on a larger scale in Figure 8.
The teeth on the edge of the file are preferably ground flat to form a safe or
blank edge but the teeth on the edge are sharpened by wedging them at
approximately the angle across the frame shown by the broken lines Figure 1
and grinding the edge flat in that position and then restoring them to their original
angle parallel to the inner face of E.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :
A file consisting of teeth in the form of plates mounted in a suitable frame or
holder so as to be capable of adjustment to facilitate sharpening, substantially as
herein shown and described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 16th day of June 1891.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Agents.