IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRILLING OR BORING METALS AND OTHER SUB- STANCES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Lewis, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DRILLING OR BORING METALS AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES."
Sealed the 23rd June 1854, and dated the 24th December 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Lewis at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, onl
the 24th December 1853.
I, JOSEPH LEWIS, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRILLING OR BORING METALS AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES " to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to a construction of patent drill in
which the vibrating action of a hand lever gives motion by means of
clicks to a ratchet and bevil wheel placed on either side of a pinion, by
which the cutting tool is caused to revolve.
One improvement consists in the application of india-rubber placed
within the sockets which contain the driving ratchets, for the purpose
of forcing them forward, instead of the metallic springs now employed.

page_text: Another improvement.consists in constructing the bevil wheels afore-
said which are formed upon the ratchet wheels in such manner that
the teeth thereof project into or beyond the face of the ratchets, in
order to avoid the cutting of them away as now practised.
Secondly, my Invention relates generally to hand drilling apparatus
in which the feed is regulated by a screw nut, to be governed as to its
rotation by the workman, and consists in the adaptation to the said nut
of suitable mechanical apparatus for holding it by friction, the amount
thereof being capable of adjustment so as to regulate the feed. In
order to illustrate this, I will suppose the drill to be of the patent
construction referred to in the first part of my Invention: In adapting
my improvement thereto, I attach a braceket to the part which carries
the central bevil pinion. At the upper part of this bracoket I adapt
a clip and cause it to be tightened, more or less, upon the screw nut by
means of a bolt.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph. Lewis in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 24th June 1854."
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOSEPII LEWIS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Lewis, Her especial
licence that I, the said Joseph Lewis, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Lewis, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the

page_text: Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DRILLING OR BORING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Lewis, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Lewis, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say):-
My Invention relates, firstly, to hand drilling apparatus, in which
the feed is regulated by a screw nut to be governed as to its rotation
by the workman, and consists in the adaptation to the said nut of suit-
able mechanical apparatus for holding it by friction, the amount thereof
being capable of adjustment, so as to regulate the feed.
Secondly, my Invention refers to that description of drill for which
Letters Patent were granted to Francis Alton Calvert, dated December
Twenty-eighth, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
One improvement consists in the application of india-rubber placed
within the sockets which contain the driving ratchets, for the purpose
of forcing them forward, instead of the metallic springs now employed
for that purpose.
Another improvement consists in constructing the bevil wheels
which are formed upon the ratchet wheels in such manner that the
teeth thereof project into or beyond the face of the ratchets, in order
to avoid the cutting of them away as now practised.
Having thus described the particulars of my Invention as set forth
in my Provisional Specification, I will proceed, by aid of the accom-
panying Drawing, to show how the same may be carried into practical
operation.
.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a drill, constructed according to the Patent
of Francis Alton Calvert aforesaid, with my improvements attached:
Fig. 2 is a view of the screw nut and friction apparatus taken in the

page_text: line A, B, of Fig. 1. The general arrangement does not constitute a
part of my Invention; in order, however, that the parts which I claim
as secured to me may be fully understood, I will point out the con-
struction of the drill as a whole :-The screw a is formed with a plain
portion at its lower part which extends through a block c, and is there
retained by a boss band collar ; to the part is attached a bevil
pinion d, provided with a socket for holding the drilling tool; this
pinion is in gear with two others, one of which is shewn at e, the other
being removed to expose the parts; they are mounted upon centre pins
which extend through a forked hand lever f, and into the central
block c. Upon the peripheries of the pinions e are formed ratchets g.
cut in opposite directions to each other, and within their teeth are
situate drivers h, suitably formed to act in corresponding directions.
The drivers h are placed in recesses formed within the forked lever f,
and behind them are pieces of india-rubber i, by which they are forced
forward and kept in contact with the ratchet wheels. To the block c
is attached a bracket j, carrying at its upper end a clip k, capable of
being tightened by means of a screw upon the nut m, within which
the screw a works. The inward periphery of the clip is provided with
a recess, within which is placed a ring of leather or other such material.
In using this apparatus, the top of the nut is placed against the fixture
as usual, and the lever f caused to vibrate, by which operation the
driving clicks h will act alternately upon the ratchet 9, and upon that
on the other side of the screw a, and cause the bevils to impart rotatory
motion to the pinion d, and consequently to the drilling tool. If during
this time the clip & be loose, the nut m will be at liberty to revolve
with the screw a, and no advance of the drilling tool will take place.
but if it be tightened, the rotation of the screw will cause it to slide
upon the nut and the whole apparatus to move onward, and effect the
required advance of the drilling tool; by turning the tightening screw
therefore, more or less, any desired feed may be obtained, and the
workman not having to hold the nut m by hand as ordinarily practised
will be more at liberty. Fig. 3 represents one of the bevils
detached section, shewing this part of my Invention more particularly.
According to the usual method of making these wheels, tho ratchets are
in

page_text: cut on the edge of the bevils, as represented at Fig. 4; but according to
my improvement, I form the bevil teeth g* upon the face of the ratchet.
I do not, however, confine myself to that precise form, as modifications
thereof may be made to answer the same purpose, the object of this
part of my Invention being to avoid the cutting away of the ratchets
as now practised in the drills known as Calvert's aforesaid. Fig. 5
represents how one modification may be effected, and another may be
obtained by forming the bevils on the outsides of the ratchets; the
former being of sufficient diameter to project beyond the latter, so as
to admit of being in gear with the pinion d. In reference to the fric-
tion clip k, I would observe that although I have shewn a certain
construction, and applied to a particular arrangement of drilling appa-
ratus, I do not confine myself to such combination, as it or other
constructions may be adapted to other similar drills, (that is to say,)
such as are provided with a screw nut to be regulated as to its
rotation.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it
to be understood that I claim, as secured to me under the above in
part recited Letters Patent,-
First, as applied to the above mentioned class of drilling apparatus,
the application of a friction clip to the screw nut, for the purpose above
set forth, as applied to the patent drill of Francis Alton Calvert afore-
said. I claim the use of india-rubber for forcing up the driving clicks;
also the method of making the bevil wheels illustrated at Figs. 3 and 5,
or any modifications thereof whereby the cutting away of portions of
teeth is avoided.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Lewis, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
JOSEPH LEWIS. (L.B.)