Improvements in or relating to the Sterilisation and Preservation of Milk.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 15th June, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Sterilisation and Preservation
of Milk.
I, RICHARD GRAINGER NASH of Lucan Dairy, 24 Parkgate Street, Dublin,
Ireland, Gentleman, do 'hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for sterilizing and preserving
of milk and is preferably carried out in the following manner. The milk is placed
in a tank or other receptacle preferably divided into two or more compartments.
In these divisions wedge-shaped, semi-circular or other shaped strainers may be
provided. After the milk has passed through the strainers into the last
compartment it flows down a pipe into the bottom of a filter provided with one
or more but preferably three perforated trays nearly filled with gravel or other
suitable filtering medium. Indiarubber packing rings may be provided to prevent
leakage and on the upper tray may be placed several layers of muslin.
The trays may be kept tightly in position by screw spring or other pressure.
The pipe conveying the milk from the tank preferably continues a short distance
below the level of the filter thus forming a pocket to receive any sediment contained
in the milk, which can be removed from time to time by opening a stop-cock. The
milk after being filtered passes into a jacketted pan preferably entering at the
bottom, in the outer chamber of which steam is allowed to circulate to raise
the temperature. The inner chamber is provided with a stirrer or beater revolved
in any convenient manner. The milk being agitated by the stirrer uniformity of
temperature is produced and further the milk is prevented from adhering to the
side of the pan and becoming burnt. The milk being raised to a high temperature
is finally allowed to pass to a refrigerator of any suitable construction to rapidly
cool it before use.
It will be understood that the apparatus for carrying this process into effect may
be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Dated this 16th day of July 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Sterilisation and Preservation
of Milk.
I, RICHARD GRAINGER NASH, of Lucan Dairy, 24 Parkgate Street, Dublin,
Ireland, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for sterilising or "pasteurizing
milk by first straining it then filtering it, next heating and simultaneously agitating
it and finally cooling it.

page_text: panying drawings
Figure 1 illustrates in transverse vertical section, and by way of example one
construction of apparatus whereby my invention may be carried into practice.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a detail of Figure 1.
In the drawing A is a frame supporting a straining tank B. At the upper part
of the tank is a strainer B¹. B B are partitions which extend across the tank B
from side to side and divide it into three compartments B* B* B* as shown.
C C¹ are strainers (one of which is shown separately in Figure 2). 1° are
openings in the partitions B B covered by the strainers C C' which latter consist
preferably of sheet metal frames or skeleton structures, the openings of which are
covered with wire gauze or other straining-material. The strainers are adapted
to slide into place over the openings, being provided with flanges C which enter
guides B' fixed on the partitions. In order that the edges of the strainers may
make a fluid-tight joint with the partitions, the guides B' are provided with thumb
screws B so that when the strainers C C₁ are pushed down therein, they may be
forced close up against the partitions.
Dare slides or sluices to enable any residual milk in the compartments B* B³ to
flow into the compartment B6 when desired.
•
E is a down-take pipe leading from the bottom of the third compartment B to
a filter F by a branch E' and also extended down as at E' past the filter for a
purpose hereinafter described. E are cocks in the pipe E.
The filter F which is supported by the frame A at a lower level than the tank B
contains a series of superposed perforated trays G each of which is provided with
a circumferential ring G¹ of packing so that when dropped into the tapered interior
of the filter, a fluid-tight joint is made which prevents the passage of fluid through
the filter otherwise than by way of the perforations of the trays. Any suitable
filtering material preferably gravel is placed in the trays G.
I find it advantageous that the gravel used in the trays G should be purified
before use, a convenient method being to first wash it in boiling water and soda
and then in a solution of vitriol and finally to heat it to a temperature of about
270° F., all the dust being blown out of it by bellows or otherwise.
The uppermost tray has preferably a number of layers G' of muslin thereon
carried by marginal rings. H is a bridge bar engaging with the under sides of
lugs G on the interior of the filter. 1 is a screw passing through the bridge bar
and bearing on a plate which holds the layers of muslin G and the trays G in
.place.
J is a closed vessel having a steam-jacket J' and an internal stirrer or paddle J
operated froin the exterior by the shaft J, which latter is driven by any desired
means. K is a pipe leading from the upper part of the filter F to the lower part
of the jacketted vessel J with which latter it is connected by a junction-piece K¹
having a screw plug K2 at one end thereof.
L is an outlet pipe leading from the upper end of the vessel J and having a
delivery nozzle L. M is a vertical refrigerator of a well-known type through
which a cooling fluid circulates; it is situated under the delivery nozzle L'. N is
a pan below the refrigerator provided with a cock N' to the spout of which is
attached a bag or strip N of muslin or the like.
The milk to be treated is first poured into the compartment B through the
strainer B which fréés it from any of the larger impurities contained therein.
From the compartment B it passes successively through the strainer C
compartiment B and strainer C into the compartment B.
From the compartment B the milk is led by the pipe E-and branch E' into the
bottom of the filter F through the trays G and filtering medium of which it rises
so as to overflow by the pipe K into the stean jacketted vessel J. Any sediment
in the milk coming down the pipe E will deposit in the extension E thereof
whence it may be allowed to issue by the cock E as desired.
The milk delivered as aforesaid into the vessel J is heated during its passage
therethrough by the jacket J' which is kept at a temperature of say 160° F., or

page_text: thereabouts, the milk being simultaneously stirred by the stirrer or paddle J'so
that it does not get burnt, nor does it adhere to the side of the vessel J.
The milk thus treated issues from the chamber J by the nozzle L' and trickles
down over the exterior of the refrigerator M into the pan N whence it is allowed
to pass through the cock N' on to the strip or bag N' over which it travels so as to
be delivered without any splashing or churning action into the milk-can.
The strainers C C₁ may be of any shape and may occupy any other position in
the tank partitions than that in which they are shown in the drawings, except that
they should not be placed at the top or bottom of a partition but at some
intermediate position. The spout of the cock E and the plugged end of the
branch pipe K are so shaped as to facilitate the application of a steam-jet thereto
for cleansing the interiors of the pipes.
The refrigerator M can be so arranged that the milk to be cooled is led through
the interior and the cooling-medium delivered upon its exterior instead of as
herein before described.
It will be obvious that other modifications than those above referred to can be
made without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The process for treating milk in which the milk is strained filtered heated
and finally cooled substantially as described.
2. In apparatus for sterilizing milk the combination with a straining-tank such
as B of a filter such as F substantially as herein before described.
3. In apparatus for sterilizing milk the combination with a straining tank such
as B and a filter such as F of a heating-chamber such as J and a refrigerator such
as M substantially as herein before described.
4. In apparatus for sterilizing milk a straining tank B with fixed partitions B*B*
and removable strainers such as C C' on the partitions substantially as and for the
purpose described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting a complete apparatus
for sterilizing milk substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
19th do of Anril 1805
Dated this 12th day of April 1805
R. G. NASH.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.