IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I ANDREW BELL of 298 Lower Broughton Road Manchester in the County
of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS" to be as follows:-
:
My Invention relates principally to the class of household filters used in the
filtration of water as is well understood and the object of my invention is to obtain
speed and efficiency in filtration combined with facility for. cleansing and renewal
of parts. The filter is provided with a partition which separates the filtered from
the unfiltered water and is preferably made of pottery ware. This partition rests
upon a ledge on the interior of the outer. shell and by preferance a ring or washer
of asbestos is interposed between the partition and the said ledge to prevent the
passage of unfiltered water. When so made the partition can be lifted out so that
the lower chamber can be thoroughly cleansed but if this is not considered to be
desirable the partition may be cemented in place. From the upper side of this
partition a hollow perforated cone or truncated cone or tapering shell projects and
on this part fits a hollow or dished conoidal or tapering block of filtering carbon
which is by preference covered with an outer perforated shell of pottery-ware
which may be open or closed at the top as preferred. This cover is held down by
means of a locking plate so as to press the carbon block into close contact with
the partition a ring or washer of asbestos preventing the passage of unfiltered
water. I prefer to cover the carbon block and the said perforated cover with an
envelope of asbestos cloth and in such a case the lower edge of this envelope may
act as a packing. The locking plate passes at each end below snugs on the interior
of the filter shell and presses down upon the cover of the carbon block but this
method of pressing down the said block may be varied. When it is desirable to
cleanse the filter the parts can be unlocked and removed. The asbestos envelope,
the carbon block and the other parts of the filter can be thoroughly cleansed and
the removable parts be readily replaced.
:

page_text: I ANDREW BELL of 298 Lower Broughton Road Manchester in the County
of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS" and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings:—
My Invention relates principally to the class of household filters used in the
filtration of water as is well understood and the object of my invention is to obtain
speed and efficiency in filtration combined with facility for cleansing and renewal of
parts. The filter is provided with a partition which separates the filtered from the
unfiltered water and is preferably made of pottery ware. This partition rests upon
a ledge on the interior of the outer shell of the filter and is provided on its upper
side, with a hollow perforated cone or truncated cone or tapering shell on which
shell fits a hollow or dished conoidal or tapering block of filtering carbon which is
by preference covered with an outer perforated shell of pottery-ware which may
be open or closed at the top as preferred. This cover is held down by means of a
locking plate or spring so as to press the carbon block into close contact with the
partition.
"
My Invention will be more completely understood when described with reference
to the drawings which are attached hereto. In the said drawings Fig. 1 represents
a Vertical Section of a Household Filter constructed in accordance with my
.Invention. In the said Figs. a. is the outer shell of the filter. This part may be
made of any suitable form and be of stone ware or potteryware or any suitable
material but for household purposes the material named is generally used. This
vessel is divided into two compartments b. and c. by means of a partition d. the
upper compartment receiving the water to be filtered and the lower compartment
the filtered water. The said partition rests upon an annular ledge a¹ which is
formed on the interior surface of the shell and between this ledge and the partition
is interposed an elastic washer or packing e. of asbestos, caoutchouc or of other
suitable material which is intended to prevent the passage of unfiltered water into
the lower compartment by leakage between the partition and the ledge. For this
purpose I have found a tubular air-tight ring of vulcanised caoutchouc of the best
quality. filled with air to be the most suitable packing. From the upper surface of
the said partition projects a hollow truncated shell which is perforated for the
passage of filtered water. Over this shell d' is placed a block of filtering carbon f.
which is by preference covered by or enclosed within an outer perforated shield g.
The parts d. and g. are preferably made of pottery ware or of a vitreous material.
The shield is pressed down by means of a locking spring h. which is formed to sit.
upon the outer surface of the shield and has projecting ends which pass under
snugs a' which project from the interior of the outer shield. I prefer to cover the
shield g. and the carbon block with an envelope i of asbestos cloth in such a
manner as that all the unfiltered water is compelled to pass first through such cloth
which retains the grosser impurities. The edge of this envelope is passed below
the lower edge of the shield g. and also if preferred below the filtering block and

page_text: serves as a packing but if the said envelope is not used a suitable packing or
washer must be interposed between the said lower edge or between the filtering
block and the partition d. The parts are so formed and arranged as that the ends
of the spring h have to be bent down to some extent in order to pass below the
snugs so that an elastic downward pressure is exerted upon the shield g. which by
compressing the packing e. and the cloth or packing which is interposed between
the parts d. and g. prevents the passage of unfiltered water into the compartment c.
When it is desirable to cleanse the filter the filtering medium can be removed with
great ease and expedition. The locking spring h. is first slightly turned so as to
withdraw its ends from below the snugs. The parts d. e. f. g. and h. can then be
readily lifted out and the whole of the interior of the part a can then be thoroughly
cleansed free access being had to the lower compartment. The parts removed
having been thoroughly brushed or cleansed can be replaced in a few minutes and
the filter will then be ready for use. This facility for thorough cleansing is an
important feature in my invention. I do not confine myself to the precise forms
of the carbon or filtering block and of the locking spring nor do I confine myself
to the application of my invention in the formation of so termned household
filters.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination of parts forming the complete filtering apparatus formed
and put together substantially as set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and
by the accompanying drawings.
2. In a water filter the removable partition separating the chambers for unfiltered
and for filtered water and carrying a block of filtering medium the whole pressed
down by means of a locking spring so as to compress packing material interposed
between the said partition and a supporting ledge substantially as set forth and
indicated.
3. In a water filter the partition d. formed with the hollow perforated shell d'
the carbon block f. the outer perforated shield g. the locking spring h the packing e.
and the supporting ledge a' substantially as and for the [purpose set forth and
indicated.