Improvements in Exhaust-nozzles, or Furnace Blast Apparatus..
Year: 1890

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 4th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Exhaust-nozzles, or Furnace Blast Apparatus..
I, JACOB FULMER, of Asheville, in the County of Buncombe, and State of North
Carolina, United States of America, Locomotive Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN EXHAUST-NOZZLES OR FURNACE
BLAST APPARATUS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to exhaust-nozzles which are especially designed to be used
in connection with locomotive, marine, stationary, and portable engines for creating a
draft through the furnace, thereby producing a saving in fuel and having a power
making it possible to create means by which a reserve can be called forth in an
emergency, this reserve being a desideratum in locomotives which are designed to
ascend and descend steep grades and in accordance to the requirements and work
performed.
A further object of the invention is to construct a nozzle which can be readily
adapted for any kind of fuel to be burned, the load of the engine, and the pitch of
the grade, and which will be under the control of the engineer at all times.
The improvement consists, first, of an annular nozzle placed with reference to the
stack or chimney so that there will be no external draft; second, an adjustable
annular nozzle for varying the annular escape-space, thereby altering the draft;
third, in the instrumentalities for relieving the connections between a semicircular
lever and the adjustable cylinder of strain, and, fourth, in provisions for compensating
for wear between the upper end of the adjustable cylinder and the base of the stack.
The improvement consists, also, in the novel feature and peculiar construction
and combination of the parts, which will be hereinafter more fully described and
claimed, and which are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which―
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the extension front of the locomotive-boiler,
showing the application of my invention. Fig. 2 is a section of the invention at
right angles to Fig. 1 on the line YY of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the
adjustable cylinder detached, showing the adjusting-yoke in position. Fig. 4 is a
perspective view of the stack-base. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the ring forming
the lower part of the nozzle. Fig. 6 is a front view of the stack-saddle, showing
the petticoat-pipe in dotted lines. Fig. 7 is a side view of the stack-saddle, the
yoke being in place. Fig. 8 is a section on the line XX of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a
bottom plan view of the stack-saddle. Fig. 10 is a bottom plan view of the
exhaust-pipe.
In the drawings A represents an extension front to a locomotive-boilerof ordinary
construction
D:
oddle

page_text: g
Tis a spark-arrester gauze cylinder, which extends from the petticoat-pipe to the
bottom of the extension front. The nozzle is composed of the ring G, which is
secured in the lower end of the stack-saddle, preferably by the annular shoulder
on the said ring resting on a corresponding shoulder d in the said stack-saddle and
by the screws, which pass through the said ring and obtain a bearing on the lower
end of the said stack-saddle. The upper end of this ring is beveled inward. The
cylinder H, placed within the stack-saddle, is beveled at its lower end in an opposite
direction to the upper beveled end to the ring G and is adapted to overlap
the said beveled end of ring G and form the escape-space between the
beveled ends of the cylinder and the rings. The stack-saddle is recessed opposite
the opposing ends of the ring G and the cylinder H to form the annular steam-
chamber, into which the exhaust-steam is discharged and from which it escapes
directly into the stack through the annular escape-space h. A steam-tight joint is
formed between the upper end of the cylinder H and the upper end of the stack-saddle
to prevent the escape of steam between the said cylinder and the stack-saddle,
thereby utilizing all the steam for creating a draft through the stack. This steam-
tight joint is effected by the packing-rings II, which are sprung into corresponding
tubes in the cylinder H. The cylinder H is vertically adjustable with reference
to the ring G to vary the size of the annular escape h, being adjusted, preferably,
by the oblique slots J in the sides of the stack-saddle, the screws or bolt j passing
through the said oblique slots J and engaging with the cylinder H and the yoke K,
which is connected at its ends with the cylinder H by the screws j. To prevent
wear on the bolts or screws the blocks are provided with blocks m, which are
adapted to travel in the oblique slots J, and which are mounted on the said screwsj.
The yoke K is provided with a swivel k¹ on an arm-extension, through which the
rod screws.
This rod extends within convenient reach of the engineer, and is
provided near its outer end with the collar 4, which is clamped between two
plates, which are bolted on a suitable part of the engineer-cab, and which rod
is provided near its outer end in the crank k², by means of which the engineer rotates
the said rod and effects a shifting of the yoke K either to the left or right, thereby
increasing or diminishing the annular escape h. The upper end of the cylinder H
has a series of incline portions L which have a pitch corresponding to the pitch of
the oblique slots J, and which are pressed upon by the projections / depending from
the stack-space B. By reason of the pitch of the incline portion L and the slots J
being alike, the projections will obtain a bearing on the incline portions L at each
and every adjustment of the cylinder H, thereby relieving the blocks & and the
screws of all strain in a vertical direction. This operation will be better understood
when it is remembered that the steam in its passage from the steam-chamber
through the cylinder H will exert a lifting force on the said cylinder which is very
material and constant. This strain would be sustained solely by the screws j if the
inclined portion L and projections were not provided. Obviously the construction
shown and described admits of the projections taking up the strain. The bolts M,
which fasten the stack-base to the stack-saddle, pass through slots m in the outer
flange in the stack-base, thereby permitting a limited movement for adjusting the
said stack-base on the stack-saddle.
and
The purpose of having the stack-base adjustable on the stack-saddle is to allow
adjustment between the projections and the incline portion L to compensate and
take up wear, or to cause the said projection / to bear on the incline portion L when
adjusting the parts.
The exhaust-steam passes to the steam-chamber by means of the exhaust-pipe N
and escapes from said steam-chamber 2 through the annular space h, thereby
creating the vacuum in the stack and creating a draft through the furnace. The
draft can be varied by regulating the space -the smaller the space the greater
the draft; conversely, the larger the space the less the draft. It will be observed
that there is no exterior space to the nozzle. Consequently the entire force of the
steam is utilized to create a vacuum and a draft through the staff.

page_text: An important element in my invention is the facility with which the nozzle can
be cleaned, the cleaning being done from above, as the cylinder H and the ring G
are removable through the upper end of the stack-saddle, the stack-base being first
removed.
The yoke K is held in a horizontal position by the lugs n, which extend from the
side of the stack-saddle. That portion of the yoke which is designed to rest on the
lugs n inclines in conformity to the inclination of the slots J. The yoke can be
arranged to operate on either side of the stack-saddle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The combination, with a smoke stack or flue, of an annular nozzle arranged
within the said stack or flue or an extension thereof and closed to any exterior draft
or influence, substantially as described.
2. The combination, with the smoke stack or flue of a boiler-furnace, of an
annular exhaust-nozzle arranged wholly within the said stack or flue or a prolongation
thereof and closed to any exterior influence, of means, substantially as set forth, for
varying the space between the component parts of the nozzle, substantially as
described, for the purpose specified.
3. The combination, with the stack-saddle, of the ring G and the cylinder H,
the opposing ends of the ring and cylinder overlapping and being oppositely
beveled and having a steam-space formed between them, said stack-saddle having
an annular steam-chamber surrounding the opposing ends of the ring and cylinder,
substantially as set forth.
4. The combination, with the stack-saddle having the annular steam-chamber /?
and the ring G placed opposite the said steam-chamber and having its upper end
beveled, of the cylinder H, inserted in the stack-saddle and having its lower end
overlapping the beveled end of the ring and oppositely beveled, and the yoke
having connection with the said cylinder through oblique slots formed in the
stack-saddle, substantially as specified.
5. The combination, with the stack-saddle having an annular steam-chamber, and
the ring G, of the cylinder H, having connection with the stack-saddle through
oblique slots formed therein and having inclined portions at its upper end,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
6. The combination, with the stack-saddle having an annular steam-chamber and
the ring G placed therein and having its upper end extending within the said
steam-chamber, of the cylinder H, placed within the stack-saddle and having
connection therewith through oblique slots and having inclined portions at its upper
end, and the stack-base having projections to bear on the said inclined portions,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
7. The combination, with the stack-saddle, the ring G, the cylinder H, having
connection with the stack-saddle through oblique slots formed therein and having
inclined portions at its upper end, of the stack-base having projections to bear on
the said inclined portions of the cylinder and adjustable on the stack-saddle to bring
the projections in closer relationship with the said incline portions, substantially
as described, for the purpose specified.
8. The combination, with the stack-saddle and the adjustable cylinder H, of the
yoke having connection with the said cylinder through oblique slots in the stack-
saddle, and the rod having a swivel-connection with the said yoke and extending in
convenient reach of the engineer, substantially as described, and for the purpose set
forth.
9. The combination, with the stack-saddle, of the nozzle composed of the ring G
and the cylinder H, which are removable through the upper end of the stack-
saddle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
.
10. The combination, with the stack-saddle having an annular steam-space and

page_text: the ring G and arranged to extend within the said steam-chamber, of the vertically-
-adjustable cylinder H, and packing interposed between the said cylinder and the
stack-saddle, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 4th day of December 1890.
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.