IMPROVE- MENT IN CONSTRUCTING CERTAIN PARTS OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Evan Leigh, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENT IN CONSTRUCTING CERTAIN PARTS OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN
PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 26th February 1858, and dated the 2nd September 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Evan Leigh at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd September
1857.
I, EVAN LEIGH, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING CERTAIN PARTS OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
USED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention, which is an extension of or an improvement on the
Invention for which Letters Patent were granted to me and George Peter
Leigh, dated the Fourth day of September, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-six, No. 2054, relates to further improvements in the construction of
hollow top rollers turning upon stationary spindles, used for drawing cotton and
other fibrous substances, and in such manner that they may be more effectually
lubricated than heretofore. Instead of having the dead or stationary spindle
on which the bosses or rollers revolve turned parallel, with grooves cut for the
purpose of conveying and retaining oil or other lubricating matter, I make the
spindle taper at each end, so that the ends project in a taper form from the end

page_text: of each boss, the latter being well polished, and countersunk by the inner
edge being rounded. When oil is put on either taper end of the stationary
spindle it immediately flows to the under side or edge, and the moment it
comes in contact with the countersunk edge of the boss or roller it is drawn
into the interior, and lubricates the spindle and roller.
These improvements will be more easily understood by reference to the
accompanying outline Drawing, with the figures and letters of reference
thereon, in which Fig. 1 is an external view of a roller complete, the bosses
being covered with cloth and leather; Fig. 2 is a section of the same; and
Fig. 3 is a view of the spindle alone. The bosses of the roller are represented
at a, fitting the parallel part 6 of the spindle, the taper ends of which aro
shewn at c, and the countersunk edge of the roller at d.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Evan Leigh in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EVAN
LEIGH, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did; for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Evan Leigh, Her special licence that I, the said Evan Leigh, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Evan
Leigh, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CONSTRUCTING CERTAIN PARTS OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN PREPARING AND
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Evan Leigh, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Evan Leigh, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention, which is an extension of or improvement on the Invention
for which Letters Patent were granted to me and George Peter Leigh, dated
the Fourth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-six, No. 2054, relates to further improvements in the
construction of hollow top rollers turning upon stationary spindles, used for
drawing cotton and other fibrous substances, and in such a manner that they
may be more effectually lubricated than heretofore, the covering of the rollers,
becoming more durable, and the preventing of slipping and irregularities
consequent thereon in the drawing of the fibrous materials. Instead of having
the dead or stationary spindle on which the bosses or rollers revolve turned
parallel, with grooves cut for the purpose of conveying and retaining oil
or other lubricating matter, I make the spindle taper at each end, so that the
ends project in a taper form from the end of each boss, the latter being
well polished, and countersunk by the inner edge being rounded. When oil
is put on either taper end of the stationary spindle it immediately flows to the
under side or edge, and the moment it comes in contact with the countersunk
edge of the boss or roller it is drawn into the interior and lubricates the
spindle and roller. A number of loose bosses may be placed upon one spindle
sufficiently long to extend from stand to stand, which spindle may be weighted
in two or more places, thereby dispensing with the ordinary cap bar, and
preventing the slipping and irregularity caused by the difference in diameter
arising from the unequal covering with leather, cloth, or other flexible material.
The ordinary roller may be altered so as to have one loose boss, and obtain
some of the foregoing advantages.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, with the letters of reference thereon, in which
Fig. 1 is an external view of my improved roller complete, the bosses being
covered with cloth and leather; Fig. 2, a section of the same; and Fig. 3, a
view of the spindle alone; Fig. 4 is an external view of an ordinary roller
altered so as to have one loose boss; Fig. 5, a section of the same; and
Fig. 6, a section of another altered roller, shewing a different mode of keeping
the boss in its place; and Fig. 7 shews a number of loose bosses placed upon
one spindle extending from stand to stand.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, which shew my improved roller and spindle, a repre-
sents the covered boss fitting the parallel part of the spindle c, the taper

page_text: ends of which are shewn at d; the ends of the bosses are countersunk or bell-
mouthed, as before described, so that if a drop of oil is put on the taper end of
the spindle it is brought down at once by the power of gravitation to the
under side, when it flows slowly towards the boss, into the interior of which it
is instantly drawn by capillary attraction.
Figs. 4 and 5 represent an ordinary roller, altered so as to have one loose
boss, as seen at e, which has a shoulder left at f to prevent the boss moving
inwards, it being kept tight in its place at the outside by the ordinary
cap bar.
In Fig. 6 the loose boss or shell g has in the centre a screw h working in a
groove cut in the roller, thereby keeping the boss in its place.
In Fig. 7 I shew a number of loose bosses placed upon one spindle, so as to
dispense with the ordinary cap bar.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein set forth, as such may
be varied or modified without departing from the principle thereof; but
I claim as my Invention, and which, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
has not been hitherto used within the realm, the particular construction of
top rollers and spindles, with the arrangement of one or more of the bosses
loose revolving thereon, as herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Evan Leigh, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Evan Leigh, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
EVAN LEIGH. (L.S.)