Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres and in Wheel Rims for use therewith.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 6th Nov., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres and in Wheel
Rims for use therewith.
I, CHARLES JOSEPH STANILAND, of The Drive, Chingford, in the County of Essex,
Artist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by:
the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to improvements in and connected with pneumatic tyres
and in wheel rims for use therewith, and has reference more particularly, although
not exclusively, to tyres and rims of the kind described in the Specification of
the prior Patent granted to me dated the 9th March 1897 and numbered 6179.
One feature of my invention consists in so forming a wheel rim of the kind
referred to in my said prior specification that a supplemental groove or recess
is provided to receive the heads of the spokes, whereby such heads are prevented
from interfering with the circumferential displacement of the engagement pieces
of the tyre. I also provide a valve socket in the rim which valve socket may
have a cylindrical or elongated portion, projecting inwardly from the rim toward
the hub, to receive the valve stem. I further provide means for securing the air
tube to the valve stem as hereinafter described.
Other features of my invention relate to improvements in the inflation valve
described in my aforesaid prior specification. I provide a valve-piston that is
partly cylindrical and partly hemispherical and is adapted to reciprocate in the
valve body in the same manner as the ball described in the aforesaid specification.
I also provide means for connecting the dust cap to the body of the valve, whereby
I am enabled to dispense with the chain usually employed to attach said cap
to a wheel-spoke.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect I will describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which: —
Figure 1 is a cross section of my improved rim.
Figure 2 is a cross section of a rim showing my valve socket secured thereon.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a portion of the rim with valve in position.
Figures 4 and 5 show, in longitudinal and cross section, respectively, two forms
of valve socket specially applicable to tyres constructed according to my afore-
said prior specification.
Figure 6 is a side elevation of my improved valve.
Figures 7 and 8 are detail views of the means for securing the valve stem to
the air tube.
Figure 9 is a view of the valve, showing the cap unscrewed and suspended by
my improved link connection.
Figure 10 is a separate view of the link connection.
Figure 11 is a longitudinal section of the valve, with the parts in the position
they occupy when the tyre is inflated.

page_text: Figure 12 is a longitudinal section of my improved valve-piston forming the
valve proper.
Figure 13 is section similar to Figure 11, but with the parts in the position for
deflating the tyre.
Figures 14 and 15 are an elevation and plan, respectively, of the valve-piston.
Figure 16 is an enlarged view of a portion of Figure 11 showing the deflation
grooves in the piston; and
Figure 17 is a plan of the valve stem.
Referring to Figure 1, a is a wheel-rim of the kind described in my aforesaid
specification provided at the bottom of the main groove or trough of the said
rim with a supplementary groove or recess a³ that serves to receive the heads b₁
of the spokes b.
Figures 2 and 3 show a rim a provided with a valve socket or seat d, that
may be brazed or otherwise secured to the said rim. This valve socket has a
cylindrical portion projecting towards the hub and provided with a central
aperture through which, and through a corresponding aperture a³ in the rim,
the valve stem is inserted. The said aperture may be provided with a screw
thread as shown, to receive a correspondingly threaded portion of the valve
stem. It is obvious that, if desired, I may secure the valve socket within the
trough of the rim instead of outside the same, in which case the projecting
portion receiving the valve stem would pass through the said rim.
The con-
struction of valve socket shown in Figures 2 and 3 is applicable to any forin
of tyre.
In constructing such a valve socket for use with a tyre of the kind described
in my aforesaid prior specification I elongate the projecting portion and make
the aperture ¹ in the form of a slot, whereby the valve stem is rendered capable
of circumferential displacement to the extent of the length of the slot d' when
the tyre is to be removed from, or secured to, the rim. The aperture a³ in the
rim itself is formed as a slot corresponding to the slot in the valve socket.
In some cases, however, I may retain the cylindrical form of the projecting
portion of the valve socket through which the valve stem passes, in which case
said valve socket instead of being brazed or otherwise rigidly secured to said
rim, is arranged to slide to and fro along the same to the extent of the length
of the slot a³, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
In the construction shown in Figure 4 the body of the valve socket is arranged
within the rim, and the cylindrical portion thereof, having the aperture d¹ pro-
jects through the slot a³.
In the construction shown in Figure 5 the body of the valve is outside the rim
and is retained in position by two guide strips or flanges at brazed or otherwise
secured on said rim.
When applying my valve socket to a rim provided with the supplementary"
groove a (Figure 1), the portion of the rim forming such groove is preferably
removed at that part covered by the valve socket; the position of such socket
being between two adjacent spokes.
Referring now to Figures 6 to 17, is the valve body adapted to be screwed
onto one end, g¹, of the valve stem, and provided at its outer end with a screw
threaded nipple 9 for receiving the pump connection. A ring or washer of
indiarubber may be placed between the valve body and the stem to ensure an
airtight joint.
The valve stem is constructed in two portions, one of which, g', screws into
the other portion, or stem proper, gl1 (see Figure 11). In placing this stem in
position in the rim, the portion g¹¹ is inserted through the aperture d¹, and the
portion g is then screwed into said portion gl, the threaded portion glx on the
valve stem screwing into the threaded portion d, thereby securing the valve
stem in place. In cases where the aperture d¹ is a slot, I may dispense with the
screw threads d¹ and g* and the valve stem may then be secured in position in
the socket by screwing down the body g of the valve on such stem.

page_text: An
The portion g is attached to the air tube c in the following manner:-It is
provided at its extremity with a circular flange g⁰ forming a shoulder or stop
against which the air tube c is pressed by the pressure plate e that is forced
against the same by screwing up the nut e*. The ends of the pressure plate are
curled as shown to give a better and more resilient bearing on the rim.
annular projection or ridge g12 is formed on the flange 10 and a corresponding
recess e¹ is provided in the pressure plate e. By this means the air tube is firmly
gripped and an air tight joint obtained. Flat portions are formed on each side
of the valve stem proper, gl, and the hole in the pressure plate through which
such stem passes is preferably rectangular, so that said pressure plate is prevented
from turning on the stem and injuring the air tube. Said flat portions also serve
to prevent any rotation of the valve stem in the slotted aperture d¹, in cases
where a slot is used.
g is the dust cap, adapted to screw on to the portion 92 of the valve body. It
is loosely connected to the body by the arms or links f, f, that are formed on a
ring that surrounds the cap, and are pivoted at their opposite ends to another
ring that surrounds the valve body. Said rings f1 and 2 are prevented from
becoming detached from the cap and valve body by the flanges or stops f³ and f
respectively, but are capable of sliding up and down the cylindrical surfaces of
thé cap and body in order to permit the cap to be unscrewed and withdrawn far
enough to pass over the head of the deflation tube go.
h is the non-return valve-piston constituting the valve proper. It is formed
of india-rubber, metal, or other material, and comprises a cylindrical portion
fitting the sides of the valve body, surmounted by a hemispherical portion adapted
to close against the valve seat g³. Grooves are formed in the periphery of the
cylindrical portion of said piston, through which grooves the air passes. g is
the deflation tube or stem that is screw threaded within the nipple and passes
through the same and through the valve seat g³, and is adapted when screwed
down, as shown in Figure 13, to push the piston h from its seat. The inner or
valve extremity of said deflation tube has a transverse hole 9° (Figure 16) drilled
therein in order to provide openings for the air to pass into the bore of such
deflation tube, and so permit the deflation of the tyre.
When the said deflation tube is retracted or partly screwed out of the nipple,
the hemispherical portion of the piston is normally forced against its seat by
the pressure of the air within the tyre; but it is temporarily forced back when
air is pumped into said tyre, in the same manner as with a ball valve, the air
then passing through the grooves h¹ into the bore of the valve stem gl. A cross
piece or other suitable stop 98 prevents the piston from being forced into the
mouth of the valve stem and becoming jammed therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A wheel rim of the kind hereinbefore referred to, provided with a supple-
mentary groove or recess for receiving the spoke heads, substantially as described
and for the purpose specified.
2. The combination with an inflation valve of the means for securing the valve
stem to the air tube, substantially as described with reference to Figures 6 to 8
of the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination with a valve stem constructed in the manner herein
described, of a valve socket, substantially as described with reference to Figures 2
and 3, or Figure 4, or Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings, and for the
purposes specified.
4. The combination with the inflation valve and the dust cap, of a link, sub-
stantially as described and for the purpose specified.
5. An inflation valve in which the valve proper comprises a hemispherical

page_text: portion with a cylindrical portion having grooves in its periphery, substantially
as described and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 6th day of September 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.