A SMOKE-CONSUMING HEATER
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Washington Fair, of Dayton, Montgomery
County, State of Ohio, in the United States of North America, for the
Invention of "A SMOKE-CONSUMING HEATER."
Invention of "A SMOKE-CONSUMING HEATER."
Sealed the 18th December 1866, and dated the 2nd August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Washington Fair
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd August 1866.
I, GEORGE WASHINGTON FAIR, of Dayton, Montgomery County, State of
Ohio, in the United States of North America, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A SMOKE-CONSUMING HEATER," to be as
follows:-
The nature of the said Invention consists in the construction of a heating
apparatus having an arch of fire-clay or other similar material with an
aperture through the top which communicates with a smoke consumer formed
of sheet iron or other suitable metal, the said arch being provided, at each side
with flues or air passages. The arch may be formed of fire-clay, fire-bricks, or

page_text: other substance possessing similar fire-resisting properties. The aperture in
the top of the said arch extends nearly from end to end thereof, and is by
preference provided with a lining of sheet iron or other metal. A fire-grate
also extends endwise through the arch and is provided with a doorway closed
by a suitable door at one end of the said arch. An ash pan is so fitted under
the fire-grate that it can be easily removed and emptied when required. The
sides of the fire-place are formed of sheet iron bent over at the top thereof, and
extending downward to form flues between the said sides and the sides of the
arch. Other flues are formed by placing an exterior covering of sheet iron
around the arch, which covering extends over the top thereof. The exterior
flues communicate with the smoke consumer, which is by preference con-
structed in the form of a dome whose apex is provided with an aperture,
preferably about three or four inches in diameter. Small holes or apertures
are formed at both ends of the fire-place for the admission of cold air into the
flues. As the air enters through the said apertures into the interior flues it is
heated by coming in contact with the fire in the fire-place, and heats the
smoke as it passes with the flame through the long aperture in the top of
the arch into the dome or smoke consumer. The air entering through the
aperture into the exterior flues also becomes heated in passing over the arch,
and entering the smoke consumer or dome causes the smoke to whirl or turn
rapidly round, the cold air at the same time passing down through the
aperture in the apex of the said dome prevents the rising of the smoke, which
is completely consumed by the flame from the top of the arch. As no smoke
escapes from the dome or fire-place the employment of a chimney is
unnecessary, and the apparatus may be located in the centre of a room, and
will form a comfortable stove for use in dwelling houses and other buildings.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Washington Fair in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 2nd February 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
WASHINGTON FAIR, of Dayton, Montgomery County, State of Ohio, in the
United States of North America, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of August, in the year of our Lord
8

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth
year
of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
the said George Washington Fair, Her special licence that I, the said
George Washington Fair, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said George Washington Fair, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A SMOKE-CONSUMING HEATER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Washington Fair, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
°
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Washington Fair, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings forming a part of this Specification:-
The nature of the said Invention consists chiefly in constructing a heating
apparatus with an arch of fire-clay or other similar fire-resisting material, the
said arch being provided at the top with an aperture which communicates
with a smoke consumer, and having flues or air passages at the sides. The
said arch may be formed of fire-clay, fire-bricks, or other substance possessing
the necessary fire-resisting properties. The aperture in the top of the said
arch extends nearly from end to end of the same, and is by preference provided
with a lining of sheet iron or other metal. A fire-grate also extends endwise
through the arch, and is provided at one end with a doorway and door. An
ash pan is fitted under the fire-place in such a manner as to be easily removed
and emptied when required. The sides of the fire-place are formed of sheet
iron bent over at the top and extending downard to form flues between the
said sides and the sides of the arch. Other flues are formed by placing an
exterior covering of sheet iron around the said arch, which covering extends
over the top of the same. The exterior flues communicate with the
smoke consumer, which is by preference constructed in the form of a

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section of my improved apparatus; Figure
2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Like letters refer to the same
parts in each of the Figures.
:
A is an arch of fire-clay, fire-brick, or other suitable material, which is
provided at the top or crown with a long narrow aperture B; C' is the fire-
place, and D the door of the same; E is the grate of the said fire-place; F is
the ash pan, which is fitted below the said grate in such a manner as to be
easily drawn out endwise through the aperture F¹ below the door D'; G, G, are
flues formed between the sides of the arch A and the fire-place C; H, H, are
other flues which extend around the apparatus outside and over the arch A,
inside the sheet iron casing H'; J is a dome or chamber, by preference con-
structed of sheet iron, and having an aperture J¹ in its apex, which aperture
may be round or square, but is by preference made circular and about three
or four inches in diameter. The apertures K, K, at the back and front of
the apparatus are provided to admit cold air into the flues G, H. As the air
enters through the apertures K into the flues G it comes in contact with the
fire in the fire-place C and heats the smoke as the latter passes (with the
flames of the fire) through the aperture B into the dome or smoke consumer J.
The air which enters through the apertures K' into the flues H also becomes
heated in passing over the arch A, and rushes into the dome or smoke
consumer J, causing the smoke to whirl or turn rapidly round. A quantity of
cold air passes at the same time down through the aperture J' in the top of
the dome J, and prevents the rising of the smoke which is completely con-
sumed by the flames at the top of the arch A. As no smoke escapes from the
fire-place C or dome J the employment of a chimney is unnecessary. The
apparatus may be therefore conveniently located in the centre or other desired
position in a drawing room or other apartment, and will form a comfortable
and economical stove for use in dwelling houses and other buildings.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, and shown how the same
may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I claim,-
First, the arch A of fire-clay or other suitable material constructed with
the aperture B in its top or crown, and arranged in combination with the
fire-place C and interior flues G, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.

page_text: Second, the exterior flues H formed between the arch A and sheet iron
casing H', and arranged in combination with the dome J, for the purpose and
substantially in the manner set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Washington Fair, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of January, in the year of
.
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
GEORGE WASHINGTON FAIR. (L.s.)