matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TEACHING MUSIC
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hermann August Gütter and Gustav
Adolf Schwegler at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th
October 1877. A communication from abroad by Carl August Gütter, of
Markneukirchen, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
HERMANN AUGUST GÜTTER and GUSTAV ADOLF SCHWEGLER, of the Firm of G.
Schwegler and Company, of Garrick Street, Covent Garden, in the County of
Middlesex, Importers of Foreign Goods. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TEACHING
MUSIC." A communication from abroad by Carl August Gütter, of Markneu-
kirchen, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
This Invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus for teaching
music, and it consists of two key boards, one of which we call "finger board," and
the other "indicating board" or "harmonical abacus." This latter board is vertical,
and may be fitted against the wall of a room. It is provided with keys or notes,
corresponding to those on the "finger board." The keys or notes on these two
boards are connected together by cords, wires, levers, or other like contrivances, in
order that when any of the notes on the "finger board" are depressed the corre-
sponding note on the "vertical board" will also be immediately depressed, and to
such an extent as to be readily perciptible to the learner.
We prefer to make the whole tones on the vertical or indicating board white,
whilst the semi-tones are half red and half yellow (or any other two strongly
contrasted colours), so that theoretical differences of the same semi-tone shall be
readily fixed in the mind of the learner.
The names or signs of the different notes may, if desired, be affixed to the keys
on the "indicating board."
With our improved apparatus children, and consequently all learners, can be
taught how the semi-tones are related to the whole tones according to theory, so
that the "D flat" lies nearer the "C natural" than the "C sharp," and still is one
and the same note, and so on. The compass of the instrument is three chromatic
chords.
This apparatus can be applied to a harmonium, piano, or other like instrument

page_text: "
having a key board, and when applied thereto the keys on the "finger board" are
connected to those on the "indicating board," so that as the notes on the " finger
board." are struck and the sounds produced, the keys on the "indicating board
would be simultaneously depressed, and the learner will at once percieve what
notes are being struck or sounded.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUSPENDING ROPES AND FOR CARRYING AND SUPPORTING WEIGHTS GENERALLY
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Daubeney Brandreth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1877. A communi-
cation from abroad by John Eugene Barlow, of Sing Sing, in the State of New
York, one of the United States of America.
HENRY DAUBENEY BRANDRETH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Mer-
chant " A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUSPENDING ROPES AND FOR
CARRYING AND SUPPORTING WEIGHTS GENERALLY." A communication from abroad
by John Eugene Barlow, of Sing Sing, in the State of New York, one of the
United States of America.
The object of this Invention is to provide apparatus which can be firmly secured
between the side frames of a doorway, or between two stationary points, in such
manner that the said apparatus shall be adapted for suspending the ropes of
a child's swing, or serve for carrying and supporting weights generally.
The uses to which the apparatus may be applied are very varied.
On the Sheet of Drawings herewith, one modification of apparatus is
shown devised for being secured between door frames, and for carrying swing
ropes.
Fig. 1 shows the apparatus open and ready for securing in position; and Fig. 2
shows the apparatus closed and secured in position; a, b, are two bars or struts
hinged together by the pin c; d, slot to allow of adjustment as to length of the
combined bars or struts a, b; c, toothed pieces secured to a and b to prevent the
said bars or struts a and b sliding over each other when the nut or thumb screw f
is tightened. The binding or outer ends of the bars or struts are provided with
hinged cups g to prevent the door posts or like stationary points being damaged;
h, stops to prevent the said struts from passing their point of greatest expansion
when closed; i, swing ropes"; j, door frames.
It will be obvious that various modifications of apparatus living substantially
the same motions and adjustments to effect the above purpose may be made.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING PRESSURE TO PARALLEL VICE."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wilson Riley and Henry Mullen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1877.
$$
WILSON RILEY and HENRY MULLEN, both of Keighley, in the County of York,
Machine Makers. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
APPLYING PRESSURE TO PARALLEL VICE."
The object of our Invention is to arrange parallel vice in such a manner that the
loose jaw is free, and can be easily slided backward and forward by hand without
the use of a screw, and thus save a large amount of time expended by the workman
screwing the vice in and out to take in the varying thicknesses or widths of
material that the workman is operating upon, and to apply the pressure between the
jaws instantly by means of a lever, and thus render the material between the jaws
quite secure.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:-We fix to the bench in the
ordinary manner the fast jaw casting or frame of the vice, which is grooved longi-
tudinally and at right angles to the jaw for the reception of the loose or sliding
jaw, in such a manner that the loose jaw is carried by the said groove, and slide
freely therein. To the under side of the portion of the fast jaw casting or frame
that is secured to the bench are two brackets or snugs cast to and forming part of
the said jaw casting; to these brackets or snugs we secure a compound tappet and
eccentric; this tappet and eccentric are enclosed in a metal framework, the top part
of which is cut and forms a fine ratchet which fits into a corresponding ratchet that
is secured longitudinally to the loose or sliding jaw. On one end of this said shaft is
secured a lever, which is kept in position when the ratchet is out of gear by means
of a spring or weight which presses against the boss of the same.
When it is desired to nip or secure any material between the jaws of the vice,
slide the loose jaw until the same comes in contact with the material to be secured,
then pressing the aforesaid lever, the tappet will lift the ratchet framework, until

page_text: the teeth of the same are imbedded in the teeth of the ratchet that is secured to
the sliding jaw, when the eccentric comes in contact with the ratchet frame (the
tappet still keeping the teeth imbedded in each other) and press the loose jaw
towards the fast jaw of the vice, and thus secure the material between the jaws
quiet safe.
5
AN IMPROVED APPLIANCE TO BE USED IN CONNECTION AND COMBINATION WITH ARGAND BURNERS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Hill at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1877.
CHRISTOPHER HILL, of Exeter, in the County of Devon. "AN IMPROVED
APPLIANCE TO BE USED IN CONNECTION AND COMBINATION WITH ARGAND
BURNERS."
By means of this Invention the amount of light obtainable from argand gas
burners is greatly increased, and the consumption of gas lessened, in a very simple
and economical manner.
A flat or slightly domed metallic plate is formed, the same having a circular
aperture in the centre thereof; such plate is placed on or attached to the top of the
glass chimney, so that the flame is immediately beneath and concentric with the same.
The gas should be turned on gradually in order to prevent the glass from being
fractured from the sudden production of the large amount of heat which results from
the ignition of the gas. By this arrangement every portion of the air which passes
into the chimney of the lower part thereof is brought thoroughly into contact
with the flame, the result being the production of a very brilliant light with the
expenditure of much less gas than would be necessary with an ordinary argand
burner.
A NEW OR IMPROVED BREAK FOR THE BOBBINS OF THROSTLE FRAMES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1877. A communication
from abroad by Charles Droulers Vernier, of Lille, France.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer. A NEW OR IMPROVED BREAK FOR THE BOBBINS
OF THROSTLE FRAMES." [A communication from abroad by Charles Droulers
Vernier, of Lille, France.]
All the devices which have been hitherto employed for regulating automatically
the friction produced on the lower flange or disc of the bobbins of throstle frames
have had the objection that they exerted a transverse thrust from left to right or
from right to left of the bobbin on the spindle; this thrust excentrated the bobbin
in proportion to the play it had on the spindle. It also caused a considerable
resistance of the bobbin on the spindle during the rise and descent of the lifting
rail. Now the object of the present Invention is to remedy these defects.
The Invention consists in mounting on the lifting rail two arms, which are pivoted
at the same point or connected to a common transverse rod; these arms embrace the
lower flange or disc of the bobbin and extend to the front of the lifting rail, where
their ends are in contact with two excentrics placed symmetrically to each other on
a shaft which extends the whole length of the lifting rail. This shaft has imparted
to it an intermittent or continuous rotary motion, during which the two excentrics
press horizontally against the corresponding arins, and cause them to approach each
other, and thus press against the flange of the bobbin in opposite directions. The
bobbin is therefore symmetrically tightened without being thrust against the spindle,
and consequently retains perfect freedom with regard to the up-and-down motion of
the lifting rail. The arms are guided in their horizontal movement by a loop or
strap.
The joint of the two arms may be at any convenient point and the excentrics of
any required form.
SURFACES FOR IGNITING LUCIFER MATCHES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolf Gutensohn at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st December 1877.
ADOLPH GUTENSOHN, of Bow, in the County of Middlesex.
SURFACES FOR IGNITING LUCIFER MATCHES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My Invention relates especially to surfaces used for the purpose of striking or
igniting lucifer matches known as safety matches, which are tipped with a com-
position only capable of ignition by friction upon a surface coated with a corre-
sponding composition.
For the purpose of igniting such matches the method heretofore used and
practised consists in coating the side of the box in which the matches are contained,
or a strip of paper or other flexible material with a suitable composition of the
kind described. And my Invention consists in preparing solid tablets or other
objects, in the composition of which the igniting material forms an essential part,
and is disseminated through the substance of the composition of which the tablets
or other objects are formed, instead of being merely spread upon their.surface.
A suitable composition for so forming such tablets or other objects I prepare as
follows:-I take oxide of zinc treated with nitric acid and tartaric acid so as to
become rough or resembling sand in texture, and to this I add chloride of zinc
mixed with paper pulp (or other fibrous matter) in order to make the tablets or
other objects less brittle, and a sufficient quantity of glue or gelatine dissolved in
water, and I mix the whole materials together with the addition of amorphus
phosphorus and powdered bichromate of potash into a pasty mass.
This mass may be formed into tablets of any convenient or ornamental shape,
and when dried they resemble coloured stone or marble, rough upon its surface,
and capable of igniting "safety" matches or ordinary matches by friction.
If the amorphous phosphorus (and bichromate of potash) be omitted from the
composition prepared as above described, it is incapable of igniting safety matches;
and I sometimes form the composition (the amorphous phosphorus being so
omitted) into ash dishes, stands, cups, or other ornamental or useful articles, into a
[Price 2d1

page_text: part only of which the phosphorus is introduced, such parts being capable of
igniting safety matches and being preferably movable, so that if worn out they can
readily be replaced by fresh ones.
Pounded glass powder may be added to the pasty composition to give a rougher
surface, and various colouring matters may be added at the same time.
CORSETS insets
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emile Deguingand at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th June 1877.
EMILE DEGUINGAND, of the City of London, Merchant.
CORSETS."
This Invention relates to improvements in corsets.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
According to my Invention, I introduce at convenient or desirable positions in
corsets, elastic gussets, by reason of which the corsets, when laced up, will auto-
matically adjust themselves in fit to the figures of the persons wearing them.
In practice, I find it sufficient, and indeed preferable, to introduce several of these
gussets at the lower portion of the corsets to allow of adjustment and easy and
perfect fit round the hips.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING PENS AND COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Griffith Brewer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1877. A communication
from abroad by Ernest Edouard Moreau, of Paris, France.
"
EDWARD GRIFFITII BREWER, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WRITING PENS AND COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED THEREWITH."
A communication from abroad by Ernest Edouard Moreau, of Paris, France.
Attempts have for some time been made to find out a penholder or analogous
object to dispense with the use of ink and inkstand, and several plans have been
proposed, but which are not necessary to be described here.
This Invention is composed of two distinct parts,-
1st. Of a metallic spoon-shaped reservoir which is intended to contain material
soluble in water, aniline for example, cither in state of fuscine or its compounds;
part of this reservoir is provided with a flexible stem which is in communication
with the pen for the purpose of supplying the same. This small apparatus is
applicable to all kinds of penholders, however they may be constructed, for it can be
made of any suitable diameter or size.
2nd. In coating any kind of pens with a soluble material having aniline for base,
or its components, such as fuscine, to produce the amalgamations, the material may
be formed into a paste by mixing it with substances, such as glycerine and liquid
gum, in variable proportions. The paste thus obtained may be applied by any
suitable process to any kind of metallic pens, also to quill or other pens; by
dipping pen prepared as aforesaid in water, the material is sufficiently dissolved for
writing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALD ROLLER STANDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING COTTON, WOOL, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Mawdsley and Henry
Mawdsley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th October
1877.
'
"
WILLIAM MAWDSLEY, of Rochdale, Loom Jobber, and HENRY MAWDSLEY, of New-
church, near Bacup, both in the County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALD
ROLLER STANDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING COTTON,
WOOL, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
The object of this Invention is the construction of heald roller stands in such a
manner as to avoid the frequent breakage of rough and knotty threads in passing
through the healds, thereby rendering unnecessary the stoppage of the loom for the
purpose of piercing the broken threads, lessening the wear and tear of the healds,
and effecting a great reduction in the working expenses. For this purpose, instead
of the usual rigid method of fixing the heald roller bearings to the loom frame we
employ bearings supported on springs, free to move upwards or downwards, when
any variation of pressure on the bearings acts upon the springs.
We employ a cast metal bracket, consisting of a vertical hollow cylinder, with a
horizontal projection therefrom, by which it is bolted on to the loom frame.
The cylinder is open at the top and closed at the bottom, and encloses a spiral
spring; we next insert an upright cylindrical spindle of such diameter as to allow
of its free working up and down the bore of the cylinder; the spindle bears at its
lower end on the top of the spiral spring, and the upper part is made square and
shaped out so as to constitute a bearing for the heald roller.
The method of operation is as follows:-The heald roller being mounted at each
end on the bearings shaped out of the square top of the vertical spindle, the same
is made to partly revolve by the action of the loom, when the rough and knotty
threads, instead of breaking upon their passage through the heald, as is now very
frequently the case, will, by reason of the action of the spiral spring, cause the
heald roller bearings to give way in such manner as to insure such threads passing
undamaged through the heald.
Around the vertical cylinder at any suitable part we provide a cup-shaped rim

page_text: for the purpose of catching the oil overflowing from the heald roller bearings, or
from the vertical spindle, or otherwise.
At any convenient part of the outer surface of the vertical spindle we fix a
small pin so as to project therefrom, the same working in a vertical slot cut
in the cylinder, which has for its object the prevention of excessive travel to the 5
vertical spindle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR DIVIDING PAPER AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Bentley and John Broad
Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January
1877.
DANIEL BENTLEY and JOHN BROAD JACKSON, of Bury, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers and Ironfounders. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
CUTTING OR DIVIDING PAPER AND OTHER FABRICS."
Our Invention relates to improved apparatus to be employed for slitting, ripping,
or dividing webs or rolls of paper or other fabrics in substitution for the circular
knives ordinarily used for that purpose, whereby the waste and inconvenience
which frequently attend the ordinary method are obviated, and it consists of a
knife or perforator mounted on the end of a moveable lever, which is by preference
supported upon a centre or fulcrum and provided with a suitable counterweight,
which knife or perforator is so arranged as to rest upon the outside of the paper or
other fabric and to cut or divide the web longitudinally while it is being after it
has been wound on to a mandrel, or before it has been and while it is being wound
off the mandrel.
Any required number of these knives or perforators may be employed side by
side, the web or roll of paper or other fabric being divided as it revolves into as
many widths as may be necessary according to the number of knives or perforators
used.
The Invention is applicable to paper making machines, paper cutting machines,
winding machines for preparing paper for continuous printing presses, paper collar
machines, and generally wherever a web or roll of paper or other fabric is required
to be cut or divided into two or more widths.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CHECKING THE FARES TAKEN IN TRAMWAY CARS OR OTHER CON- VEYANCES OR PLACES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Hamer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th November 1877.
PETER HAMER, of Southport, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF CHECKING THE FARES TAKEN IN TRAMWAY CARS OR OTHER CON-
VEYANCES OR PLACES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
This Invention is designed to prevent frauds where one only or several different
fares are charged..
I place a turnstile at the entrance which need not be provided with counting
apparatus, but has a lock that will prevent it from turning till the "trigger" lever
or key of said lock is pressed back, when it will only turn sufficiently for a single
passenger to get through until the "trigger" be again pushed back. This trigger
is placed in the cheque box and cannot be reached from the outside. When how-
ever a check is droped into the check box, it in falling pushes the trigger, a sort of
valve, to one side, and unlocks the turnstile so that a single passenger can pass out
at leisure.
The turnstile can be arranged to let people out or in, but only to lock one way,
free entrance but locked exit, or vice versa.
The checks would be marked with the fare in large figures, and the conductor
would have a lot of blank checks for himself.
A series of slanting diaphragms can be inserted near the top in the check box to
prevent the conductor tampering with the valve by means of a wire; but this is
not important, as the conductor would hardly try that game with a passenger
waiting.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING MEANS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PASSENGERS, GUARD, AND ENGINE DRIVER, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER Useful PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Martin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st January 1877.
WILLIAM MARTIN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.. "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING MEANS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN
PASSENGERS, GUARD, AND ENGINE DRIVER, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER Useful
PURPOSES."
This Invention of improvements in apparatus for securing means of communi-
cation between passengers, guard, and engine driver has for its object an easy and
ready mode of communication. On the top of the train and running along the
entire length thereof I fix a tube, and under the train I fix another tube correspond-
ing with the one above, at each end of each tube is a whistle, one fixed on the
engine, the other on the guard's van, the two tubes are connected by means of small
tubes running through each compartment of the train, at any convenient part of
which is a tap or other suitable contrivance in the guard's van. I place a cylinder
charged with compressed air and on anything happening in any part of the train
by simply turning the tap or other contrivance on the small tube the guard and
driver is made aware that something is wrong. The tubes are coupled up in the
ordinary manner by means of india-rubber connecting rings or tubes.
By means of a simple mechanical action a small semaphore rises over the com-
partment where the guard is wanted at the time the tap is turned, so that it can be
seen at once where their services are required.
This Invention is also applicable to other useful purposes, such as a means of
communication for vessels, hotels, or other buildings.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING FUEL TO STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1877.
CHARLES SMITH, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING FUEL TO STEAM BOILER AND OTHER
FURNACES."
This Invention relates to the class of furnaces in connection with which "mechanical
stokers" are used, and the object of the Invention is, by the use of the improved
apparatus herein-after described, to afford a uniform intermittent supply of fuel to
the stoker or to the furnace from the feed hopper.
According to this my Invention I employ a hopper (or hoppers), the bottom or
lower part of which is in communication with a cylinder, one side of which is pro-
vided with an opening for the exit of fuel. Within the cylinder is a roller caused
to rotate slowly by gear wheels or other driving apparatus. The periphery of the
roller is (at intervals apart) recessed, forming receptacles within which coal (as the
receptacle comes under the hopper) is received. The continued rotation brings the
receptacle over the exit opening (through the cylinder) by way of which the fuel
passes out to the furnace or to the mechanical stoker; and so as each recess passes
under the hopper it becomes filled with fuel to be discharged on reaching the exit
opening. When the flued boiler or double furnace is to be supplied there may be
one of such apparatus to each furnace or stoker, or one apparatus may supply both
furnaces or stokers for the latter there will be a double incline placed immediately
under the exit opening, so that the fuel may pass one part down the incline to the
right hand, the other part down the incline to the left hand.
It will be obvious that the roller, instead of being entirely enclosed within a
cylinder, would answer the same purpose if partly enclosed or embraced by a con-
cave neck or concave bottom of the hopper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHUCKS OR APPENDAGES TO THE MANDRELS OF LATHES FOR ATTACHING WORK OR DRILLS OF DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Moy Thomas at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March 1877.
HENRY MOY THOMAS, of 10, Albion Road, Stoke Newington, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHUCKS OR APPENDAGES TO THE MANDRELS OF
LATHES FOR ATTACHING WORK OR DRILLS OF DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS."
This Invention relates to a chuck of simple construction which can be readily
adjusted for centring different size drills, and is also capable of holding certain
objects to be turned, and of imparting thereto a revolution concentric or excentric
to the revolution of the mandrel of a lathe. For this purpose I make a disc or plato
having a boss protruding on one side at the centre for the purpose of securing this
disc or plate (which resembles an ordinary face plate) to the mandrel of a lathe in
the ordinary way, that is, by means of inside or outside screw thread. This disc or
plate (which I will hereafter call the fixed plate) has two slots extending radially
from near the centre to near the periphery of the plate. I further make a second
plate (which I will hereafter call the adjustable plate) having two transverse slots,
that is, two slots at right angles to a diameter of this adjustable plate, namely, in
the direction of a chord. From the centre of this adjustable plate on one side
protrudes a boss, which is perforated throughout its length; this perforation is by
preference of triangular form. In this triangular perforation the work or a drill
may be placed and secured by means of a set screw, fitted in the boss so as to pass
through one base of the triangular perforation in the direction of the vertex. The
adjustable plate and the fixed plate are secured together by means of two bolts,
nuts, and washers. The two bolts pass through the slots in the plates, which plates
are to be so placed that the slots of the one bisect the slots of the other. The
washers and nuts are put on from outside the adjustable plate, and are finally
tightened when the adjustable plate has been adjusted to the position required to
produce a concentric or excentric revolution of the article secured in the chuck,
according to the requirements of the workman.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN AUTOMATIC INJECTORS FOR INJECTING FLUIDS INTO STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER RECEPTACLES, AND FOR OTHER FLUID-FORCING PURPOSES."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hall at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 4th July 1877.
JOSEPH HALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AUTOMATIC INJECTORS FOR INJECTING FLUIDS INTO STEAM BOILERS
AND OTHER RECEPTACLES, AND FOR OTHER FLUID-FORCING PURPOSES."
A convenient way of carrying my Invention into effect is as follows:-The
injector is composed of a cased body, made of brass or of any other suitable metal.
It is provided with a nozzle immediately in front of an orifice leading to an air
chamber. The latter is fitted with a valve, operating automatically, whereby the
air is relieved and a vacuum created prior to the fluid being forced into the receiver
by the pressure of steam through the centre of nozzle. The injector is placed over-
head in the fluid.
Steam enters through the supply pipe and creates suction by the escape of the
air at automatic valve, and the energy of steam forces the water through the orifice
into the receiver, and then into the boiler through the back pressure valve, the
water and steam having sufficient energy imparted to open same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC FABRICS AND ARTICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Barnabas Daft at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1877.
THOMAS BARNABAS DAFT, of 48, Osborne Terrace, Clapham Road, London, S.W.,
Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC FABRICS
AND ARTICLES."
Narrow widths of terry or piled elastic fabrics are to be made with selvege edges
and to vary in width from /, in. to 1%, in, or thereabouts; such widths are now
made for garters and such like purposes of common web, but not of terry or piled
fabric, which is essential to this part of my Invention, and which I will call terry
tape. With this material, which I prefer, or with the common web, I make garters
by enclosing the one or the other in a casing of silk ribbon or any other suitable
ribbon or tape-like material; this may be done by stitching two pieces of ribbon,
say, one inch wide, together by a row of longitudinal stitches about one-eighth of
an inch from the edges on each side, and thus forming a hollow space of 3/ths of an
inch wide in the middle, more or less, according to the full width of the ribbon or
the terry or other tape to be inserted, the terry or other tape having an elasticity of
at least double that of its normal condition is now cut into lengths of about ten
inches, and the stiched ribbon into lengths of twenty inches, and the terry or other
tape is drawn into the hollow part of the stitched ribbon, and both ends of the
triple material being secured by sewing altogether at each end, the article will be
found when put into full tension and allowed to run up, to have an outer surface of
deep corrugations running at right angles to the length of the terry or other tape or
ribbon, and to which corrugations much importance is attached on account of its
not stopping the circulation of the blood in the limb when such articles are, with
proper fastenings, used for garters and such like articles.
And I would remark that garters have already been made by inserting a highly
corrugated stitched material, rendered very elastic by being sewn in tension, that is
to say, a sheet of india-rubber is extended on a frame to three or four times its
normal condition, and in this state it is covered with cloth or any suitable fabric on
each side, and the three substances are closely sewn together in rows of stitches, and
on being released at the ends, the rubber carries up with it the cloth or other fabric
Divine 211

page_text: on its surfaces into highly developed corrugations; from sheets of this corrugated
elastic material strips have been cut and covered by silk ribbons, as herein-before
described, and therefore such material or articles made therefrom formn no part of
my present Invention, but what I now claim is the manufacture of a tape of terry
or piled fabric and the use of the same, together with the well-known woven garter 5
web when covered with silk ribbon or any suitable tape-like material, as described,
and made into garters and such like articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE SCRAPERS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Baird at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th October 1877.
ROBERT BAIRD, of Stirling, in the County of Stirling, North Britain, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TUBE SCRAPERS."
.
This Invention relates to scrapers for cleaning tubes, and has for its object to
simplify the construction, to improve the working action of such instruments, and
to render them not liable to become wedged or fixed in a tube.
The improved instrument comprises a central iron rod, carrying a spiral coil made
of steel wire or rod, which coil consists of several convolutions of varying diameter,
being smaller at the ends than at the middle, so that the coil presents a convex
contour as viewed sideways. The ends of the coil are formed into eyes to slide on
the central rod, and stops are formed or fixed on the central rod, it being an essential
feature of the present Invention that the stops are within the coil, so that excessive
resistance to the movement of the scraper through the tube tends to elongate the
coil, and reduce its diameter.
The wire or rod forming the spiral coil is by preference of a section presenting
angular edges.
IN BEARINGS."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left. by John Robinson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1877.
JOHN ROBINSON, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer.
IN BEARINGS."
“IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention has for its object certain improvements in the application of
revolving rollers to the bearings of axles, shafts, wheels, and other similar revolving
machinery, and in the method of securing such rollers in their relative positions to
each other for the purpose of reducing frictional wear and tear.
In carrying out my Invention as applied for example to the construction of a
bearing for ordinary purposes, I provide, say, six rollers of equal lengths and
diameters, and each having an annular groove or neck turned or otherwise formed
at a short distance from each end; I then prepare two circular "frames," the
internal diameter of which slightly exceeds the diameter of the shaft to which the
bearing is to be applied. Each "frame" consists of four semicircular plates or pieces
forming when put together two "washers" or complete circles, one "washer" having
slots corresponding in size to the necks of the rollers and opening to the outside, and
the other "washer" having similar slots opening to the inside; thus when the two
"washers" are put together and the slots opposite each other, the solid parts of
the "washers" close up the entrance of the slots, leaving circular holes at equal
distances round the washer, thus keeping the rollers equidistant. The four parts of
the frames are secured by screws or other suitable means.
For some purposes I prefer to turn a single groove in the middle of the rollers,
and in that case only use one frame, and in the case of long bearings I may use the
two end frames and a centre one combined.
According to another modification I simply use solid circular washer-shaped
frames with the slots, having rounded ends opening to the outside into which the
necks of the rollers are dropped.
The rollers in all cases are of larger diameter than the width of the frame, and
therefor project beyond the inside and the outside of the frames, so that the
shafting revolves on the rollers clear of the frame, and the outer surface of the
rolls revolve and bear on the pedestal or other bearing frame, causing the entire

page_text: frame and rollers to revolve. Thus the entire frame with the rollers revolves
round its own axis as well as each roller revolving round its own separate axis.
By constructing the frames in parts in the manner herein-before described,
facility is afforded for applying the rollers to sunk necks and positions otherwise
inaccessible.
The number of rollers as also their lengths and diameters may be varied according
to circumstances. They may be composed of any suitable material, but I employ
by preference hardened steel for the purpose.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FLEDING SCRIBBLER CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harry Maisden at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th January 1877
HARRY MARSDEN, of Providence Mills, Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Wollen Spinneı
"A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
FLEDING SCRIBBLER CARDING ENGINES."
The object of this Invention is to feed scribbler carding engines in a more regular
and efficient manner than has hitherto been effected either by hand labour or
machinery For this purpose I present the material to the engine in the form of a
lap oi roll in a similar manner to that now practised for feeding condensing carding
engines
The machine employed for forming the lap or roll consists of a carding engine,
the teeth of which are a medium between the cockspur teazer or "willey" and the
scribbler Upon this machine the material undergoes a preparatory carding
operation, which renders it more fit for the scribbler, and is also formed into a lap
or roll by means of a travelling lattice or other equivalent In this condition it is
transferred to the scribbler, which is relieved from what has hitherto been the cause
of great wear and tear, and is fed in a much more regular manner with a great
reduction in the amount of attention required
In practice one of these intermediate or preparatory machines will supply several
scribbleis, it will therefore be a more convenient method of feeding than the
mechanical means hitherto employed
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINES USED FOR THE WINDING OF COTTON YARN
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Barber at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June 1877.
DAVID BARBER, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Joiner.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINES USED FOR THE WINDING OF COTTON YARN."
"IM-
This Invention relates to improvements in "cop" winding machines, and has for
its object the construction and application of appliances to such machines, whereby
they are applicable for winding coloured yarns, that is to say, yarn in hank, so that
one machine may serve both purposes, cop winding or hank winding.
From a double bracket attached to the front of the machine are supports
carrying reels; a like appliance placed near the feet of the machine carry other reels;
upon and between the reels the banks of yarn to be wound are placed. The yarn
in passing from the hanks and reels to the bobbins passes through a brush, which
is mounted so as to be adjusted to any desired angle, whereby the tension of the
yarn may be adjusted, and "hard or soft" winding upon the bobbins may be
regulated as required.
AN IMPROVED LUBRICANT FOR MACHINERY
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benton Hart Zerbe and Alfred
Hamshere at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th October
1877.
BENTON HART ZERBE and ALFRED HAMSHERE, both of Bow, in the County of
Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED LUBRICANT FOR MACHINERY."
Our Invention relates to an improved lubricant for the working parts of machinery
liable to heat, and consists in the employment for this purpose of a mineral known
to mineralogists as talc, or any of the tale species, to wit, collyrite, steatite, lepidolite,
silica, alumina, or other variety of tales combined with a mixture of grease or oils,
hereafter mentioned.
The talc is a natural lubricant, and from its nature tends to adhere to all surfaces,
and prevents the heating of journals and bearings in machinery.
According to our Invention the talc is reduced to a powder by grinding or other-
wise, and is then incorporated with a mixture of grease and oils and consisting of,-
of cumin, and 2 parts of almond oil.
Part of IT
The above are the proportions we prefer to use, but they may be varied if found
desirable. The oils and grease are then boiled and melted together in a suitable
vessel, and thoroughly mixed by stirring, after which the mass. poured into a vat
or tank, and the pulverised tale gradually added, the mass being constantly stirred
until, by cooling, it becomes sufficiently set to hold the tale in suspension. The
composition is also allowed to stand for 24 hours, when it is ready for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF ATTACHING DOOR KNOBS OR HANDLES TO SPINDLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1877. .
HENRY SMITH, of 155, Capel Street, Dublin, in the County Dublin, Ireland,
Ironmonger. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF ATTACHING DOOR KNOBS OR
HANDLES TO SPINDLES."
The object of my said Invention is to effect improvements in the means of
attaching and securing door knobs or handles to their spindles.
The mode in which I propose to effect said improvements is as follows:-I first
screw or slip on a nut on the spindle in the ordinary manner, and on the periphery
of this nut I attach two or more clips at right angles to its plane of revolution, which
clips fall into and are caught in a groove or slot hole made for the purpose round
the socket of the knob or handle; I then pass the rose over and cause the same to
be secured in such a manner as to retain the aforesaid clips in a permanent and
secure position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RINK SKATES"
Year: 1877

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Alfied Claydon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th February 1877
JAMES ALFRED CLAYDON, of Sutton in Ashfield, in the County of Nottingham.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RINK SKATES"
To the under side of the stock or foot plate of each skate I secure at a night
angle thereto a plate slotted in the direction of its length from end to end, the
under edges of this plate are cuived and are drilled to allow of the passage of a
series of axles from one or both sides, each axle is shouldered and screwed at one
end and has a head at the opposite end, so as to enable each one to be screwed up
without pressing the sides of the plate together, each axle carries a runner which
revolves upon it, lying between the sides of the plate The stock or foot plate is
secured to the foot of the user by straps or other equivalent usual contrivance.
I employ either plain runners or grooved ones, or both, in the same skate At
one end of the skate I employ an adjustable set screw carrying a piece of gutta
peicha or other substance which acts as a stop or bicak when requned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BINACLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Harry Hyne at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1877.
RICHARD HARRY HYNE, of 35, Shardeloes Road, New Cross, in the County of
Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BINACLES."
This Invention has for its object to prevent the compass being affected by the
iron in the hull and other parts of a vessel. For this purpose I make the binacle
or stand in which the compass is placed of a non-conducting material, such as
ebonite or gutta percha, together with wool or other such like non-conductor. By this
means I entirely prevent all deviation of the compass arising from the effect of the
iron parts of a vessel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Richard Harry Hyne in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
November 1877.
RICHARD HARRY HYNE, of 35, Shardeloes Road, New Cross, in the County of
Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BINACLES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in binacles to prevent the
compass being affected by the iron in the hull, and other parts of a vessel For
this purpose
I make the binacle or stand in which the compass is placed of a non-
conducting material, such as vulcanite, ebonite, or compounds of this class. By this
means I entirely prevent all deviation of the compass arising from the effect of the
iron parts of the vessel.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention I will_proceed_to_describe-
-more-fully the manner of performing the same.
:
The binacle may be.of. any, ordinary form. One form is shown in the Drawing
annexed.
a is a foot plate, from which rises a pedestal b, at the top of which is the bowl c,
within which the compass is mounted; d is the cover, with lamps e and glazed
openings f, through which the compass can be seen; as is usual, this cover may
either be formed of copper in the ordinary way, or it may be of vulcanite or ebonite
like the other parts of my binacle.
In order to strengthen the pedestal b, I prefer that it should be formed with a
central metal tube or rod secured to a metal foot plate.
The foot plate and pedestal I entirely cover over with an external coating of
vulcanite or ebonite, and at the same time form the bowl c of this material.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I would have it understood that I claim the construction of binacles of
vulcanite or ebonite or compounds of this class, substantially as herein “described.¨¨*
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Harry Hyne, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BELL PULLS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th June 1877. A communication
from abroad by Gustave Ador, of Geneva, Switzerland.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BELL PULLS." A com-
munication from abroad by Gustav Ador, of Geneva, Switzerland.
In the bell pulls at present in use, and more especially in street door bell pulls,
the liability to derangement of the flexible connections, the rapid wear of the parts,
and their uncertainty of action, are very serious objections, and it is the object of
the present Invention to correct these defects.
The improved bell pull consists of a face plate having on the back projecting lugs,
in which are pivotted, one below the other, a bell-crank lever and a vibrating or
rocking arm.
A vertical slot is formed in the face plate between the lugs to permit one arm
of the bell-crank lever to pass through.
To the outer arm of the lever is attached a knob or handle, and the other or inner
arm passes through a slot cut in the vibrating arm, which bears against a pin
inserted in the end of the lever arm.
The vibrating arm is provided with a coiled spring arranged around its pivot so
as to produce a constant tendency to throw the upper end of the vibrating arın
backward against the bearing pin on the end of the lever arm, which thus regulates
the amount of backward motion of the vibrating arm.
The upper end of the vibrating arm is provided with an eye or hole, in which the
bell wire is to be fastened.
The bell pull is worked by pulling down the handle which rocks the bell-crank
lever, and by means of the bearing pin draws forward the vibrating arm, and with
it the bell wire. Upon releasing the handle, the spring forces back the vibrating
arm, which draws with it also, by means of the bearing pin, the bell-crank lever
with its handle.
AN IMPROVED PROTECTOR FOR THE POINTS OF PENCILS.
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Footman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1877.
WILLIAM FOOTMAN, of No. 1, The Plain, St. Clement's, Oxford. "AN IMPROVED
PROTECTOR FOR THE POINTS OF PENCILS.'
My Invention (herein-after termed "the protector") consists of a thin metal tube
or cap, about an inch and a half in length, which may be easily placed on the end of
a pencil so as to protect its point.
One end of the protector is open and strengthened by a rim or the edges of the
metal being joined, but the other end is closed and rounded off.
The protector, at about the middle of its length, is indented all round, or only
partially, so as to form a stop and prevent its being slipped too far over the pencil;
and the edges of the metal at the part between the rim and the indentation are
not joined or soldered, in order that, by being elastic at that part, the protector
may have sufficient grip of the pencil to be held in its position when placed there;
but the edges of the metal or other parts may be joined or soldered.
When the pencil is used the protector is slipped off the pointed and placed on the
other end of the pencil.
If each end of the pencil be pointed both points may have protectors, both
such protectors being so made that they will fit and may be placed on the end of
each other.