Improvements in Napping Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 24th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Napping Machines.
A communication from abroad by ISAAC NEWTON FORRESTER, of 125, Elm Street,
Camden, in the State of New Jersey, Machinist, and LOUIS CLARENBACH,
of 204, South 3rd Street, Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, Dealer
in Textile Machinery, both in the United States of America.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
-
This invention relates to improvements in napping machines or gigs, and has for
its object the production of a machine of the kind in which provision is made for
regulating the speed of rotation of the napping rolls and their resultant effect upon
the cloth under treatment.
The invention consists in a friction device applied to such rolls, whereby their
rotation is accelerated or retarded as desired when the cloth passes over them.
In carrying out the said invention a series of card clothed rolls are provided
mounted in rotating spiders, and themselves independently revoluble therein; and
upon the opposite ends of each of said rolls are mounted pulleys of different
diameters. Over each series of pulleys is set a rotary friction band of metal or
any other suitable material, and over this rotary band is set a stationary friction
band which is adjustable in size, so that it can be taken up and caused to bind upon
the rotary band. By this means the rolls are caused to rotate from either the
larger or smaller pulleys, as desired, and the speed of their revolutions accelerated
or retarded as may be desired.
In napping, the cloth is drawn over the rolls in the direction in which the spider
is revolved, and the rolls with their card clothing impinging upon the under surface
of the cloth are turned backward and produce the nap. When it is found that they
are revolving too rapidly to raise the desired nap, the adjustable friction band upon
the larger pulleys is tightened and the rolls caused to move more slowly and take a
deeper hold upon the cloth. On the other hand when it is found that they are
already raising too heavy a nap, the adjustable stationary friction belt upon the
smaller pulleys is tightened, and the movement of the rolls accelerated so that a
lighter nap will be raised.
The following detail description more fully indicates, the nature, purpose and
construction of the said invention.
In the frame of the machine, a main shaft is mounted carrying the driving-
pulley and roll spiders. The spiders each consist of hubs fast upon the main shaft,
radial arms extending out from said hubs and attached to rims in which the boxes
of the work or napping rolls are mounted.
There are a series of rolls at the entrance side of the device, and a series
of rolls at the discharge side of the device, by means of which the cloth is
held at the proper tension and drawn over the napping rolls, as will be more fully
explained.
The napping rolls are fixed to shafts which carry the friction pulleys at opposite
ends of the said rolls, and are journalled in the boxes in the spider rim. These
boxes are radially adjustable in the rim by means of the set screws threaded
through the rim at bottom and top of the boxes.
The series of friction pulleys at one end of the napping rolls are of greater
diameter than the pulleys at the other end thereof, and these pulleys are preferably
so differentiated in diameter as to make the pulleys at one end of greater and the
pulleys at the other end of the rolls of less diameter than the outer diameter of the

page_text: said rolls. The napping rolls are arranged in a circle in the rim of the spiders,
and over each circular series of pulleys is set a friction band or belt which fits
snugly to, but is free to revolve with the spider. These bands are preferably made
of steel, about one quarter of an inch thick and then are turned both inside and out
and made to fit snugly upon the pulleys. They may however be made of leather
belting or other flexible belting material. These bands being free to rotate
with the revolutions of the pulleys with the spiders, are herein called rotary
friction bands, to distinguish them from the stationary friction bands which will
presently be described.
It is evident that when the cloth is drawn over the napping rolls, while the
spiders revolve in the direction of the progress of the cloth, the said rolls will be
turned backward or independently revolved on their shafts by the contact of their
card clothing with the under surface of the cloth, and it is evident that if friction
is applied to the larger pulleys the speed of their movement must be diminished,
and if applied to the smaller pulleys it must be accelerated, owing to the differential
diameters of the pulleys of the two sets. The slower movement or greater
resistance produced by friction upon the larger pulleys produces a heavier, napping
upon the cloth while the accelerated movement and reduced resistance effected by
friction upon the smaller pulleys gives a lighter nap.
To apply the friction to the one or the other set as may be desired over each
rotary band is set a stationary friction band means being provided for adjusting
them, so as to make one or the other tight upon its enclosed rotary band.
These stationary bands are preferably formed of leather or other flexible belting
material, and are divided at one point, and connection is made between the ends
thereof by means of castings or studs thereon and a connecting set screw by means
of which the tension of the stationary band upon the rotary band is applied,
removed or regulated.
The casting or stud is supported on a bracket or arm supported in the fixed
framing of the machine.
By adjusting one of the stationary bands to pinch upon one of the rotary hands
the other stationary band being loose the rotation of the napping rolls and the
resistance of the card clothing may be so regulated that the cloth can be napped to
any degree desired.
The cloth in reaching the napping rolls passes between a pressure roll and a
friction roll which hold it with proper pressure and it thence passes over a stretcher
roll and under a guide roll to the napping rolls of the machine, and in leaving the
machine it passes under a guide roll and over a tension roll and between it and a
pressure roll, the two sets of rolls at entrance and exit serving to hold and
draw the cloth properly over the machine. Power may be applied to the last
named pressure roll.
Dated this Fourth day of August 1801
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Napping Machines.
A communication from abroad by ISAAC NEWTON FORRESTER, of 125, Elm Street,
Camden, in the State of New Jersey, Machinist, and LOUIS CLARENBACH,
of 204, South 3rd Street, Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, Dealer
in Textile Machinery, both in the United States of America.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56, Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in napping machines or gigs, and has for
its object the production of a machine of the kind in which provision is made for

page_text: regulating the speed of rotation of the napping-rolls and their resultant effect upon
the cloth under treatment.
The invention consists in a friction device applied to such rolls, whereby their
rotation is accelerated or retarded, as desired, when the cloth passes over them.
Over
In carrying out my said invention I provide a series of card-clothed rolls mounted
in rotating spiders and themselves independently revoluble therein, and upon the
opposite ends of each of said rolls I mount pulleys of different diameters.
each series of pulleys is set a rotary friction band of metal or any other suitable
material, and over this rotary band is set a stationary friction-band, which is
adjustable in size, so that it can be taken up and caused to bind upon the rotary
band. By this means the rolls are caused to rotate from either the larger or
smaller pulleys, and the speed of their revolutions accelerated or retarded, as may
be desired. In napping, the cloth is drawn over the rolls in the same direction in
which the spider is revolved, and the rolls, with their card-clothing impinging upon
the under surface of the cloth, are turned backward and produce the nap.
When
it is found that they are revolving too rapidly to raise the desired nap, the
adjustable friction-band upon the larger pulleys is tightened and the rolls caused to
move more slowly and take a deeper hold upon the cloth. On the other hand
when it is found that they are already raising too heavy a nap the adjustable
stationary friction-belt upon the smaller pulleys, is tightened and the movement of
the rolls accelerated, so that a lighter nap will be raised.
The following detail description more fully indicates the nature, purpose, and
construction of
my said invention.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the said invention.
Figure 1. is an end elevation of the machine, having parts of the frame broken
away.
Fig. 2 is a partial elevation and partial section taken on line a, c, Fig. 1, the
friction-bands being cut off at the bottom.
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where
they occur.
A, A is the frame of the machine. B is a main shaft mounted therein, and
carrying the driving-pulley C and roll-spiders D, E. The spiders each consist of
a hub fast upon the main shaft, radial arms extending cut from said hubs and
attached to rims d, d', in which the boxes d*, d* of the work or napping rolls F are
mounted.
Y, Y, &c. are a series of rolls at the entrance side of the device, and Z Z &c.
are a series of rolls at the discharge side of the device, by means of which the
cloth is held at the proper tension and drawn over the napping-rolls, as will be
more fully explained. The napping rolls F are fixed to axes, which carry the
friction-pulleys, at opposite ends of the said rolls, and are journalled in the
boxes d*, d, in the spider rim. These boxes are radially adjustable in the rim by
means of the set screw g*, g*, threaded through the rim at bottom and top of the
boxes. The series of friction pulleys g at one end of the napping rolls are of
greater diameter than the pulleys at the other end thereof, and these pulleys are
preferably so differentiated in diameter as to make the pulleys 9 of greater and the
pully of less diameter than the outer diameter of the said rolls. As seen, the
rolls are arranged in a circle in the rim of the spiders, and over each circular
series of pulleys 9 and g¹ is set a friction band or belt G, G', which fits snugly to
but is free to revolve with the spider. These bands are preferably made of steel
about one-quarter of an inch thick and are then turned both inside and out and
made to fit snugly upon the pulleys. They may, however, be made of leather
belting or other flexible belting material. These bands being free to rotate with
the revolutions of the pulleys with the spiders, they are herein denominated
rotary friction-bands," to distinguish them from two stationary friction-bands,
which will presently be described. It is evident that when the cloth is drawn over
the napping rolls while the spiders revolve in the direction of the progress of the

page_text: cloth the said rolls will be turned backward or independently revolve on their axes
by the contact of their card-clothing with the under surface of the cloth; and it is
evident that if friction is applied to the larger pulleys g, the speed of their move-
ment must be diminished, and if applied to the smaller pulleys g', it must be
accelerated, owing to the differential diameters of the pulleys of the two sets. The
slower movement or greater resistance produced by friction upon the larger
pulleys produces a heavier napping upon the cloth, while the accelerated move-
ment and reduced resistance effected by friction upon the smaller pulleys gives
lighter nap.
aL
To apply the friction to the one or the other set, as may be desired, over each
rotary band G and G₁ is set a stationary friction-band H and H¹, respectively,
means being provided for adjusting them so as to make one or the other tight upon
its inclosed rotary band. These bands H and Hare preferably formed of leather
or other flexible belting material, and are divided, as shown, at one point, and
connection is made between the ends thereof by means of castings or studs h, ',
thereon and a connecting set screw *, by means of which the tension of the
stationary band upon the rotary band is applied, removed, or regulated. The
casting or stud his supported on a bracket or arm h², supported in the fixed.
framing of the machine.
It is apparent that by adjusting the band H to pinch upon the band G (when
band His loose) the independent rotation of the napping-rolls must be by means
of the larger pulleys g, and their movement will be slower and the resistance of the
card-clothing to the cloth greater and a heavier nap will be raised, while if band H
is loosened and band H¹ tightened the reverse will be the case. By this means,
therefore, the cloth can be napped to any degree desired. The cloth in reaching
the napping rolls must pass between the pressure roll Y and friction roll Y₁, which
hold it with proper pressure, thence over the stretcher-roll Y2 and under the
guide-roll Ys to the napping rolls of the machine and in leaving the machine it
passes under guide roll Z and over tension roll Z' and between it and pressure-
roll Z, the two sets of rolls at entrance and exit serving to hold and draw the cloth,
which is indicated by X, properly over the machine. Power may be applied to the
pressure-roll Z²
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a napping machine, the combination of napping-rolls free to turn by
contact with the moving cloth, differential pulleys mounted on said rolls, and
friction devices operating on said pulleys to retard or accelerate the rolls as set
forth.
2. In a napping machine, the combination of one or more napping rolls having
pulleys of differential diameters on the opposite ends thereof and friction belts
acting on the same, as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a napping machine, the combination of napping rolls, differential pulleys
on opposite ends of the rolls, and a rotary endless belt or band set over and free to
turn with the pulleys, and a friction device to operate on said bands, as set forth.
4. The combination, with a revoluble frame or support having adjustable boxes
in the rim thereof, of napping-rolls having their axes set in said boxes and having
differential pulleys on the ends thereof, and a free band or belt surrounding said
pulleys.
5. The combination, with a series of napping rolls, of two series of pulleys
of differential diameters set on the opposite ends thereof, rotary bands set over
said series of rollers, and stationary adjustable bands set over said rotary bands, as
set forth.
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