IMPROVEMENTS IN. LOOMS FOR WEAVING WIRE
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Lucas of Balsall Heath in the County of
Worcester Machinist for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN. LOOMS FOR
WEAVING WIRE
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Lucas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th May 1883.
EDWIN LUCAS of Balsall Heath in the County of Worcester Machinist
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING WIRE
"
My invention consists of the arrangements or combinations of the parts of looms
for weaving wire hereinafter described whereby the manufacture of wire webbing
or wire cloth is much facilitated.
The warp roller the breast roller the web roller and the gears which I employ
differ in no essential respects from those commonly employed and I do not consider
it necessary to describe the same.
One of my improvements consists of the following mechanism for paying out
the warp wires and maintaining the proper tension on them. This I effect by.
means of a worin wheel on the warp roller uniforin pressure being applied to the
axis of the worm gearing with the said worm wheel. By means of a cam the
worm is caused to rotate till sufficient warp wire has been paid out to form a mesh:
The rotation of the worm is controlled by a governor.
Another of my improvements consists of the following mechanism for winding
up the web to a sufficient extent to form a mesh. This improvement works in
conjunction with my first improvement. On the shaft of the take up roller a
worm wheel is fixed. A worm the axis of which is fixed to the frame of the
machine acts as a scotch to the teeth of the said worm wheel permitting its
advance motion but preventing its backward motion: A lever turning on the
shaft of the worm wheel carries a worm moving freely in the teeth of the worm
wheel. As the lever retires the worm rotates and when the lever has retired to
the full extent the worm wedges the lever and the teeth of the worm wheel firmly
together. The whole is now moved by means of other adjustable levers and cam
Pin 1 071

page_text: action. Both the worms are actuated by ratchets having cams and levers to pull
them back and springs to pull them forward.
Another of my improvements consists of the following method of impelling the
shuttle through the shed. This is effected by means of a cam acting on a bolt
which bolt pushes the shuttle into the shed. Another bolt advancing from the
opposite side of the web meets the shuttle and becomes attached thereto by means
of catch bolts or other equivalent fastenings. Both bolts retiring the motion of
the shuttle is completed. Moveable pegs are employed to prevent the shoot wire
drawing the web narrower. These pegs after the shoot is through are withdrawn
out of the way of the batten. For narrow widths of web the bolts may be rigid
and may either push or pull the shuttle all through. In wide widths of web
flexible bolts or bands are employed for economizing room. In case of fine work
the shuttle is supported by a plate or bar.
Another of my improvements consists in taking up the excess of wire after the
shuttle has passed through the shed by means of a spring crank over a roller on
the end of which the wire passes or by winding up the reel carrying the wire on
the return of the shuttle. .
Another of my improvements consists in the use of a comb with short teeth in
place of the ordinary reed. This improvement is applicable to coarse webs. The
said comb need only travel back sufficiently far to catch the shoot wire safely.
When back the tops of the teeth must be sufficiently low to allow the shoot wire
to pass over them The reel of wire is much heavier in this case than that used
for fine webs. To support the heavy reel a bar is placed all across the web the
said bar having a groove along its top edge which forms a support and guide to
the shuttle. There are cross slits in the sides of this groove to permit the warp
wires to sink in it. A reed may be advantageously used to guide the warp wires
into these slits.
Another of my improvements relates to the batten. The shoot wire is batted
up to form the mesh as usual and for light weaving may be done by any of the
means employed in power looms for the purpose. Two blows of the batten are
given one blow is given to force the shoot wire till the mesh is formed. The shed
wires are then changed the top wires become bottom and the bottom become top.
The second blow is now given to fix the position of the shoot given by the first
blow. I effect these objects by a combination of expansion levers and simple
levers to give the first blow. The expansion levers have their abutment joint in a
slide which is moved and supported by inclines which inclines advance before the
first blow is given. When the first blow is given then the inclines retire. This
allows the expansion levers and the batten to recede from the shoot.
In the
mean time the shed becomes changed The inclines now advance again and give
the second blow of the batten. The batten bar which carries the reed is fixed to
slide rods at each side of the machine to which slide rods the expansion levers are
attached. These rods slide on bars which can be raised by cams and so allow the
batten bar and reed to rise and fall.
Another of my improvements consists of closing tools which being pressed
together with the edge of the web between them crush the edge of the web to the
same or nearly the same thickness as the body of the web

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edwin Lucas in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th October
1883.
"6
EDWIN LUCAS of Balsall Heath in the County of Worcester, Machinist.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING WIRE
か
My invention consists of the arrangements or combinations of the parts of looms
for weaving wire hereinafter described whereby the manufacture of wire webbing
or wire cloth is much facilitated.
The warp roller, the breast roller, the web roller and the gears which I employ
differ in no essential respects from those commonly employed and I do not consider
it necessary to describe the same, but an additional roller and the gear hereinafter
explained may be employed.
One of my improvements consists of the following mechanism for paying out the
warp wires and maintaining the proper tension on them. This I effect by means
of a worm wheel on the warp roller, uniform pressure being applied to the axis of
the worm gearing with the said worm wheel. By means of a cam the worm is
caused to rotate till sufficient warp wire has been paid out to form a mesh. The
rotation of the worm is controlled by a governor.
Another of my improvements consists of the following mechanism for winding
up the web to a sufficient extent to form a mesh. This improvement works in
conjunction with my first improvement. On the shaft of the take up roller a worm
wheel is fixed. A worm; the axis of which is fixed to the frame of the machine,
acts as a scotch to the teeth of the said worm wheel permitting its advance motion
but preventing its backward motion. A lever turning on the shaft of the worm
wheel carries a worm moving freely in the teeth of the worm wheel. As the lever
retires the worm rotates and when the lever has retired to the full extent, the
worm wedges the lever, and the teeth of the worm wheel firmly together. The
whole is now moved by means of other adjustable levers and cam action. Both the
worms are actuated by ratchets having cams and levers to pull them back and
springs to pull them forward.
Another of my improvements consists of the following method of impelling the
shuttle through the shed. This is effected by means of a cam acting on a bolt or
band, which bolt or band pushes the shuttle into the shed. Another bolt or band
advancing from the opposite side of the web meets the shuttle and becomes
attached thereto by means of a catch bolt or other equivalent fastening. Both
bolts or bands retiring the motion of the shuttle is completed. Moveable pegs are
employed to prevent the shoot wire drawing the web narrower. These pegs after
the shoot is through, are withdrawn out of the way of the batten. For narrow
widths of web the bolts or bands may be rigid and may either push or pull the
shuttle all through. In wide widths of web, flexible bolts or bands are employed
for economizing room. In case of fine web, the shuttle is supported by a plate
or bar.
Another of my improvements consists in taking up the excess of wire after the
shuttle has passed through the shed by means of a spring crank over a roller on
the end of which the wire passes or by winding up the reel carrying the wire on
the return of the shuttle.
'
Another of my improvements consists in the use of a comb with short teeth in
place of the ordinary reed. This improvement is applicable to coarse webs. The
said comb need only travel back sufficiently far to catch the shoot wire safely:
When back the tops of the teeth must be lowered sufficiently to allow the shoot

page_text: wire to pass over them. When the shuttle is through the shed, the teeth must be
raised to catch the shoot wire as the batten descends. The reel of wire is much
heavier in this case than that used for fine webs. To support the heavy reel, a
bar is placed all across the web, the said bar having a groove along its top edge
which forms a support and a guide to the shuttle. There are cross slits in the sides
of this groove to permit the warp wires to sink in it. A reed may be advantageously
used to guide the warp wires into these slits. Coarse web may be made in the
same way as fine web.
Another of my improvements relates to the batten. The shoot wire is batted up
to form the mesh as usual and for light weaving may be done by any of the means
employed in power looms for the purpose where two bats are given. Two blows of
the batten are given, one blow is given to force the shoot wire till the mesh is
formed. The shed wires are then changed as is well understood. The second blow
is now given to fix the position of the shoot given by the first blow. I effect these
objects by a combination of expansion levers and simple levers to give the first
blow. The expansion levers have their abutment joint in a slide which is moved
and supported by inclines which inclines advance before the first blow is given.
When the first blow is given, then the inclines retire. This allows the expansion
levers and the batten to recede from the shoot. In the mean time the shed
becomes changed. The inclines now advance again and give the second blow to
the batten. The batten bar which carries the reed is fixed to slide rods at each side
of the machine to which slide rods the expansion levers are attached These rods
slide on bars which can be raised by cams and so allow the batten bar and reed to
rise and fall.
'
Another of my improvements consists of closing tools which being pressed
together with the edge of the web between them crush the edge of the web to the
same or nearly the same thickness as the body of the web.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in, plan, a loom for weaving wire constructed according to
my invention; Figure 2 represents the same in front elevation; Figure 3 is an end
elevation of the loom; Figure 3A is a plan of part of the same; Figure 4 represents
an end elevation with parts removed in order that the parts represented may be
the more clearly seen; Figure 5 represents in plan and Figure 6 in elevation and
Figure 7 in end view, the shuttle and the mechanism in connection therewith,
drawn to a larger scale than Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4; Figure 8 represents in plan
and Figure 9 in end elevation the mechanism for supporting the shuttle in fine
weaving; Figure 10 represents in elevation the parts of the loom which prevent
the contraction of the web; Figure 11 represents a plan of a portion of the same
and also shows the bottom tool by which the selvedge or edge of the web is
pressed; Figure 12 represents the several cams employed in the loom as hereinafter
explained and the improved comb, to be used in place of the ordinary reed, is
shown in Figure 13.
In the loom represented an arrangement of gearing is shown by which either
simple web or twill web may be made. The cams for this purpose are on the
shaft H and are marked 1, 2, 3 and 4 (see Figures 1 and 4). In a loom used only
for making simple web, the shaft H is not required and the cams for the gearing
would be situated on the shaft G For making simple web, the cams 1 and 2 only
on the shaft H will be used. These give motion to racks and pinions 1ª and 2ª
and to the gears 1b and 2b. For twill web the whole of the cams 1, 2, 3 and 4
and the gears 1b, 2b, 3b and 4b will be used for making a four gear or four shaft
twill.
"
A is the main shaft of the loom (see Figure 4); B is an extra shaft with fast
and loose pulleys having a small pinion B' working in a larger toothed wheel A³¹ on
the shaft A to drive it (see Figure 3). The shaft A drives the shaft G by bevil
gearing at G₁, the shaft A making two revolutions to one of the shaft G. The

page_text: -
shaft G drives the shaft H by wheels of equal size for making simple web, but for
making twill web such wheels must be used as will give the same number of
revolutions as the twill requires. For a four gear twill, the shaft A will make
four revolutions to two of the shaft G and to one of the shaft H. These gearing
wheels are marked G¹ G² H¹ H¹; D is the warp roll and C is an extra roll used to
keep the warp at one uniform height; A, A and A' A¹ are frames placed, one on
the left hand side and the other on the right hand side of the loom. Each frame
has a groove in it, back and front. The front groove is used to guide the flexible
band 6 on the left hand side and the flexible band 12 on the right hand side of the
loom for pulling the shuttle through the shed. The said band 6 is worked by the
arm 2 and rack o on the left hand side and the band 12 is worked by the
arm 2' and rack on the right hand side of the loom. The back groove is used to
guide a jointed band a which is used for pushing the shuttle into the shed. In
Figure 1 of the drawing, the shuttle p is represented pushed into the middle of the
shed. This is effected by the jointed band a being pushed by the lever 1°. This
lever 1° is fixed on one end of the socket 4' which has a pinion 4° fixed at the
other end of it and turns on the spindle 5. The pinion 4° is rotated by means of
the rack 3° which is pulled down by the lever (see separate sketch Figure 2) the
said lever 6 being pressed down by the connecting links 7 and 8 and cam 9 on the
shaft. G. Whilst the shuttle p (see the enlarged view Figure 5) is being pushed into
the shed, the cam 10 (see Figure 1) liberates the rack j and arm 21 at the right
hand side of the loom, which arm 21 being fixed on the shaft 5 is rotated by
means of the springs and chains 54, 5° represented in Figure 2 and the flexible
band 12 being fixed on the end of the said arm 2' is pushed by it into the
shuttle p until the end of the band has pushed the lever 13 carried by the
shuttle sufficiently to take the catch 15 out of a recess in the bolt 14 which
bolt is then forced by a spring into the eye of the said band 12. The pushing
apparatus on the left hand side of the loom now retires and the cam 10 acting
on the lever fto, which the rod g is attached causes the lever i to pull down
the rack j and thereby rotate the pinion 5¹ and arm 2¹ thus pulling the flexible
band 12 and shuttle with it to the right hand side of the loom. Before the
shuttle begins to return it is released from the pulling or flexible band 12 in the
manner shown in the enlarged view of the shuttle Figure 5. The catch or
vertical rod 15 has a projection 15 which engages under the projection 14ª on
the bolt 14. The upper end of the catch or rod 15ª is jointed to the arm 16 on
the axis 17. A cam operating on the connecting rod 18 lifts the lever 16, catch or
rod 15 and bolt 14 thereby liberating the shuttle from the flexible band 12. As
the bolt 14 is lifted it is secured by the catch 15 snapping into the recess in the
said bolt as before described.
P
The jointed band on the right hand side of the loom (similar to the band a on
the left hand side) is pushed in by the action of the arm 1d operated through the
cam 10' on the shaft G acting upon the lever f¹ which pulls the rod g" attached to the
lever i* and the latter the rack is (see Figure 1) thus pushing the shuttle from the
right hand side of the loom into the middle of the shed to be taken by the band 6*
to the left hand side of the loom for the next mesh. The band 62 is attached to the
arm 2 which is fixed on the end of the shaft 5 having at its opposite end the
pinion 2 which is worked by the rack o. The rack o is attached to the lever 6¹
(see separate sketch Figure 1) which is pressed down by links and a cam similar
to those marked 7 and 8 and 21. The band 62 is pushed into the shed in the
same way as the flexible band 12 herein before described and is attached to the
shuttle in the same manner as the said band 12.
As soon as the shuttle has been taken home to either side of the loom the
selvedge pegs are drawn down out of the way of the batten. The batten now
begins to advance to set the shoot wire into its position in the web. There is a
first bat and a second bat. The first bat performed by the rack and pinion & to
which is connected the arm e and to this arm is jointed the lever k and the
lever k is jointed to the arms and p' and slide u and bar v; thus forming a

page_text: combination of simple and expansion levers. The batten slide u its frame u¹ and the
other parts of the batten are raised and lowered at the proper times by means of
the rod u which is worked by rods u¹¹ and bell crank levers in a manner similar
to that hereinafter described for working the moveable presser tool. By means of
the inclines q, r, 8, t which are pushed to their full extent at the commencement of
the batten and retain that position, the first bat is effected. Afterwards the
inclines q, r, 8,
t retire, thus allowing the batten to retire a little from the web
until the gears change sufficiently, then the inclines q, r, s, t are pressed up again
and this effects the second bat.
The motion for effecting the first bat is obtained from a cam on the shaft A
acting upon a lever and connecting rod (see Figure 3A) and the motion for effecting
the second bat is obtained from a cam on the shaft A acting upon a lever q³ which
pushes forward the rod q³ carrying the incline q (see Figures
and 3ª).
The mechanism and appliances for effecting the batting operations are the same
on both sides of the loom.
The next operation is the paying out of the warp wires. This is effected by
means of the worm wheel O fixed on the shaft of the roller D. In the teeth of the
worm. wheel O the worm m works which being fixed on the shaft m³ is made to
rotate by means of the gearing wheels Z, the latter being moved by the ratchet Y,
rack K and levers J and U. By shifting the position of the centres. of the
levers J and U, the mechanism described may be adjusted for effecting coarse and
fine web. The worm m is a right handed one The amount of rotation given to it
depends in the first instance. on the amount of mesh required. In the second
instance the amount of rotation. will be governed by the stop T and lever S.
Should the worm m rotate too much, the shaft m² will move in the direction of
the arrow by means of the. weight Q and levers P. and N. which press the con-
necting rod n and the latter causes the lever S to raise the stop T and prevent the
levers U and J from having the full amount of action the cam allows.
If the worm m rotates too little the contrary effect is produced. Thus a uniform
tension on the warp is maintained by pressure.
The next operation is the take up, which is acting at the same time as the pay
out. The take up is effected by means of a worm wheel F' fixed on the shaft F
on which shaft is. fixed the take up roll F" to which the web is attached, the said
web passing over the roller E. The worm wheel F¹ is moved by means of the
levers f, k, I and the connecting rod i. The lever fi carries a left handed
worm g turning on the spindle i the said worm gl gearing with the worm
wheel F On the spindle 1 (see Figure 4) is a second worm gl gearing in the
teeth of the worm wheel F¹. The second worm gl acts as a scotch or lock to the
worm wheel F. On the spindle carrying the worm.g" is a ratchet wheel J" the
ratchet of which is pulled back by the chain a¹ passing under the small guide
pulley and the end of it is attached to the back pulley 6' (see Figure 3) which
pulley is pulled by the chain 1" which is attached to the small back pulley c¹:
This chain 1 is pulled by the levers d and e¹ by cam action. The other end of
the chain a¹ passes over the ratchet pulley Ji to which it is secured from
slipping.
'
There are two pulleys 6 and there are two pulleys c¹ (see the plan Figure 1).
One pair of pulleys b¹, c is at the front and the other pair behind. The chain a
is attached to the pulley b¹ behind and the chain 1 is attached to the pulley c¹
behind.
i
1
When the take up commences the levers d' and e¹ are freed from the cam and
the chain a¹ which passes over the ratchet pulley J" (see Figure 4) having a strong
spring attached to its end, causes the worm g" to rotate and keep the worm
wheel F¹ locked so, that it cannot go back. The worm g¹ has a ratchet wheel h¹
fixed on its spindle which ratchet wheel is rotated by means of a ratchet click and
pulley J¹ fixed on it. Around the said pulley J' and secured to it from slipping a 5
chain 3 passes, one end of which is attached to the lever i". The other end of the
chain 3 is attached to the large front pulley 6' which pulley is rotated by the

page_text: 1.
chain 2 being attached to the small front pulley c¹ and also attached to the
levers 3 and 4. Whilst the lever f¹ is actuating the worm wheel F¹ the ratchet
of the ratchet wheel h is going back by the action of a cam on the shaft A
operating on the lever 41, lever 3 and chain 2. When sufficient amount of
web has been taken up, the lever f' begins to retire and the cam liberates the
pulling of the ratchet J and the spring 5 pulls the lever i which pulls the
chain 3" and causes the ratchet and worm g¹ to rotate till the said worm gl wedges
itself between the lower bearing on the lever f¹ and the teeth of the wheel F¹. It
is now ready for a fresh take up. It is necessary that the pulling end of the
chains be sufficiently free to allow, the springs to pull and follow any untruth there
may be in the worm wheel F¹.. As the web increases the diameter of the take up
roller F", the amount of rotation give to the worm wheel F¹ must be diminished.
This is effected by the lever k¹ travelling along the lever I which it does by means
of the screw k (see the separate sketch Figure 3A) which is worked by the gearing
wheels which are caused to rotate by means of the ratchet, rack, cam and
lever at 11
By using a cam on the shaft A of sufficiently small diameter the take up may
be very fine and by using a cam of sufficiently large diameter the take up may be
Double cams may be used for the paying out and taking up of very
very coarse.
coarse web.
:
For the purpose of arranging the cams the rotation of the shaft A is divided
into 24 parts; 12 of these parts are given to carry the shuttle across from side to
side of the loom; 6 parts to push it and 6 parts to pull it; 4, parts are given to
first bat the shoot into its place in the web; 3 parts are given to change the shed
sufficiently and to effect the second bat. The inclines q, r, 8, t retire in about
the same time. In 4, parts the whole of the batten has retired.
At this time the pegs for forming the selvedge are up and the tools for pressing
the edge of the web are also up and the shed is fully open and the pushing of the
shuttle begins.
In twill weaving, the gear cams are formed to act a little quicker because the
shaft is moving slower than in simple weaving. In every other respect the said
gear cams are the same except their position. They must be arranged so that
when the cam 1 has run one quarter of a rotation, the cam 2 shall commence its
run and when the cam 1 is off the cam 3 shall begin its run and when the cam 2 is
off the cam 4 shall begin its.run and when the cam 3 is off the cam 1 shall begin
its run, thus, making the warp wires in the shed alternately two up and two
down as is well understood. The gear cams pull and also push the connecting
rods. The pull raises the gear frames and the push brings them down. The gear
frames are balanced.
The selvedge pegs hereinbefore referred to are raised above the web when the
shuttle begins to pass across and are gently pulled down during the passage of the
shuttle across. The object is to prevent the wire from wearing grooves in the
selvedge pegs.
I will now describe the cams represented in Figure 12 which cams are drawn to
a larger scale than in the several Figures of the Drawings. The cam N° 1, fixed
on the shaft G, pushes the shuttle. The cam N° 2, fixed on the shaft G,
pulls the shuttle. The cam N° 3 is fixed on the shaft A and makes thé
first bat. The cam N° 4 is fixed on the shaft A and makes the second bat. The
cam N° 5 is fixed on the shaft H and works the gears. The cam N° 6 is fixed on
the shaft A and works the ratchets for paying out the warp wires and taking up
the web. The cam N°.7 is fixed on the shaft A and works the take up lever I.
The cam N° 8 is fixed on the shaft A and pulls out the selvedge pegs. The cam
N° 9 is fixed on the shaft A and is for the purpose of raising the plates n¹ to
support the shuttle in fine weaving (see Figure 8) A similar cam to N° 9 on the
shaft A is employed to press the selvedge. The cam N° 10 is fixed on the shaft A
and is employed to release the shuttle from the flexible band herein before
described, A similar cam is used to act on the rods a³ and a* to press them against

page_text: the reel c in the shuttle (see Figure 5). The cam No 11 is fixed on the shaft A and
raises the batten.
For taking up the excess of the shoot wire after the shuttle has passed through
the shed and for acting as a brake on the reel the mechanism represented in
Figures 5 and
may be employed. As the shuttle p emerges from the shed, the
rod a turning on the centre 6 is pressed against the edge of the reel c by means of
the lever d² moving in the direction of the arrow Figure 5 acting through the set
screwe on the said rod a³, which is thereby made to act as a brake on the reel c:
The corresponding rod a is at the same time liberated from the opposite point of
the reel c and the surplus of the wire is taken up. When the lever d' is moved in
the opposite direction the rod a' is pressed against the reel and the rod a³ removed
from it. The motions of the lever d² are produced by cams acting alternately on
the rods ff at the ends of the lever d².
When the shuttle begins to travel from right to left, the rod a' presses upon the
reel c and causes the said reel to rotate in the direction of the arrow and thereby
wind up the surplus shoot wire g. When the shuttle makes its reverse motion, as
it emerges from the shed, the rod a³ acts as a brake on the reel c while the rod a
is thrown out of action.
On the left hand side of the loom there are similar rods to a3 and a' but their
action on the reel is the reverse of that described; that is, the rod a³ on the left
hand side of the loom is used to wind up and the rod a* to act as a brake;
ZFigure 5 is a flexible or elastic band fastened to the front. end of the jointed
band a and runs all along the top. of it and is attached to the pushing arm or lever
of the said band. When the pushing: arm or lever retires it pulls the band Z¹ and
this causes the band,a to retire. The band Z' being situated on the top of the
blocks of which the band a is composed it holds the said blocks firmly together at
top. The bottom of the blocks are held together by joints or by being fixed on
flexible bands.
The comb I use for coarse work in place of the ordinary reed is represented in
Figure 13. This comb has a series of short teeth on its upper edge in the spaces
between which teeth the warp wires are situated and kept apart. In Figure 5,
this comb is represented at 19 and 19a, 19 representing the comb attached to the
plate and used for batting the shoot wire and 19ª representing another comb
containing the groove 20 in which the shuttle works.
These combs are especially applicable for coarse webs.
Figure represents in plan and Figure 9 in end elevation an arrangement of
parts detached from the loom for supporting the warp wires against the weight
of the shuttle in fine weaving; m². m. m¹ is a frame turning freely on the shaft 15
and n n are supporting bars fast on the cross plates o, o which are jointed to the
ends of the arms m¹ of the frame. The position of the shaft is in the loom is seen
in Figures 1 and 34. These joints allow the plates n¹ to rock a little to the level
of the warp wires. The supporting mechanism represented is forced up by the
connecting rod p¹ and levers q¹ and r¹ operated by the cam 8 on the shaft A; j³, j³
are the rods for pulling the selvedge pegs out. These selvedge pegs are shown in
Figure 10 and marked. which Figure 10 represents in side elevation, plan and
end elevation the parts of the loom which prevent the contraction of the web;
Figure 11 shows a plan of part of the same together with the tool 21 of the pair of
tools used for pressing the selvedge as hereinafter explained.
The selvedge pegi lies in a groove in the spindle a¹ to which it is bound by the
cramp cl; b is a frame to hold the spindle a' the said frame sliding in the groove
in which the bottom tool 21 slides to crush the selvedge. In the said frame b',
the spindle a rotates through a small angle by means of the coiled spring 92 one
end of the spring being fixed to the spindle and the other end to the frame. The
spindle a¹ has such a rotation given to it as is sufficient to take the peg out of the
way of the selvedge and of the shoot. wire, thus making the way quite clear for
the peg to rise into position to arrest the shoot wire as the shuttle. pulls the shoot
wire across the loom. The amount of rotation of the spindle a¹ is governed by

page_text: the stop f, in one direction and by the screw stop e in the other direction (see the
end elevation of Figure 10) both of the said stops being carried by the cramp cl
and bear against the frame y in which the selvedge tools slide. To, pull the
selvedge peg down, a rod is fixed in the levers h and passes through a slot k
in the peg frame 61. The levers h are fixed on a small shaft is (see Figures 3ª, 8
and 10). Thus, the levers h and being fixed on the shaft form a frame to
hold the rods j on which the peg frame b¹ moves freely as required. The con-
necting rod 6 by means of a cam on the shaft A pulls the frame which is composed
of the shaft levers h, h and rods 2 and the said frame pulls down the peg frame b
and peg with it.
-
.
The compressing of the selvedge is effected by means of a pair of tools, the
upper one 20 of which is fixed and the lower one 21 is moveable in the frame y.
The selvedge or edge of the web passes between the said tools 20 and 21, the lower
tool 21 being alternately raised and lowered by the following mechanism.
The cam N° 9 Figure 12 on the shaft A operates upon the rod 65 which, is con-
nected to the bell crank lever 66 on the base of the loom. To the bell crank.
lever be the vertical rod 67 is jointed (see Figure 3). It is also jointed to the arm 68
which carries a tappet 69 the snug of which operates directly on the lower end of
the moveable pressing tool 21. This tappet slides on the shaft 10 being carried by
the frame y.
The outer end of the shaft 610 is supported by the frame y which
holds both the selvedge presser and selvedge peg and the other end of the shaft 610
is supported by bearings fixed under the central plate 613 which plate 613 is sup-
ported by the bar 612. The bar 612 also supports the frame y in which the selvedge
presser tools and selvedge pegs work. On the bar 6¹ the frame y slides to adjust
the tools as required by the width of the web, the adjustment being effected by
means of screws marked y¹, y¹. On each side of the loom is a plate marked x in
Figure 2. These plates are hinged to the loom frame at x³, x³ and are raised by
adjustable screws. Each of the said plates x, x serves as a rest to the shuttle
and as a guide for it and also as a guide for the bands entering the shed. Although
I have incidentally mentioned in the foregoing description that many of the parts
of the mechanism are in duplicate, I wish it to be clearly understood that the
following appliances are in duplicate on opposite sides of the loon, namely, the
batten mechanism; the mechanisms for working the selvedge pegs and pressing
tools and for supporting the warp wires against the weight of the shuttle; also the
mechanisms for liberating the shuttle from the pulling bands and for operating the
rods which act upon the reel of the shuttle.
Ρ
The safety apparatus which I employ to throw the loom out of gear in cases of
a short shoot, or the shuttle stopping in the way, resembles in all essential respects
the safety apparatus used in weaving textile fabrics.
The parts of the loom which I have not described resemble corresponding parts
of ordinary looms and I therefore do not consider it necessary to describe the
same.
Having now described the nature of my invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to
the precise details herein described and illustrated as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my invention.
But I claim as my Invention of Improvements in looms for weaving wire."
First The construction and combination of the parts of mechanism hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings for paying out the warp
wires and for maintaining the proper tension on them.
Secondly The construction and combination of parts of mechanism hereinbefore
described and illustrated io the accompanying Drawings for winding up the web
to a sufficient extent to form a mesh.
Thirdly-The construction and combination of parts herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings for impelling taking hold of and
liberating the shuttle of the loom.
Fourthly The construction and arrangement of the parts of the shuttle and

page_text: -
appliances connected therewith for taking up the excess of wire by the return
motion of the shuttle substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
.
Fifthly The use of a comb or serrated bar in place of the ordinary reed for
coarse work as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
Sixthly The construction and combination of the parts of mechanism herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings consisting essentially
of a combination of expansion and simple levers for effecting the batting of
the web.
Lastly The closing tools herein before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings for compressing or crushing the edge or selvedge of the web to
the same or nearly the same thickness as the body of the web
In witness whereof I the said Edwin Lucas have hereunto set my hand and seal
this sixth day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
and eighty three
'