Improvements in Condensers used for the Condensation of Acid Fumes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 30th Apr.. 1895-Accepted, 1st June, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Condensers used for the Condensation of
Acid Fumes.
We, HENRY LEWIS DOULTON, Potter, and LOUIS EDGAR SANCEAU, Corre-
spondent both of the Albert Embankment, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention an acid condenser is formed of a series of vertical
cylinders of pottery ware connected one with another in such a way as to
form a continuous series of cylinders through which the fumes have to pass in
succession.
Each cylinder is formed with a branch pipe leading from it at a short distance
from the bottom-the branch pipes on half the cylinders are made to terminate in
a socket to receive the ends of the branch pipes of the other cylinders-the lower
part of the cylinder below the entrance to the branch forms a receptacle in which
liquid acid collects and passes away through a trapped overflow outlet to a pipe
by which it is conveyed to any suitable receiver. Just above the level of the
branch pipe above mentioned a narrow ledge is formed around the interior of the
cylinder the ledge serves to support a series of short vertical cylinders of earthen-
ware piled one above the other-each short cylinder loosely fitting the outer
cylinder and also having across it a disc through which either a central hole is
formed or a series of holes near its outer circumference these are disposed
alternately so that any fumes or vapours passing through the outer cylinder are
led in a zigzag course alternately towards and away from the centre. Holes are
also formed through the short cylinders themselves so that the fumes may pass to
the narrow space between them and the side of the outer cylinder.
formed for a dome cover to be
On the top of the outer cylinder a socket
dropped into. From the top of the cover extends a short pipe with a socket at
its end. One end of a short arched length of pipe is dropped into this socket and
the other end of the arched pipe into the socket on the cover of the next cylinder.
All the joints are made tight by ordinary luting.
The acid fumes to be condensed are led say first to the lower end of one cylinder
then from the top of this cylinder through the short arched length of pipe to the
top of the next and again from the lower end of this second cylinder to the lower
end of a third and so on until the whole series has been traversed and from the
last cylinder any remaining fumes may be conducted away to a wash tower.
Dated this 31st dove of July 1894.
H. L. DOULTON.
LOUIS E. SANCEAU.

page_text: Improvements in Condensers used for the Condensation of
Acid Fumes.
We, HENRY LEWIS DOULTON, Potter, and LOUIS EDGAR SANCEAU, Corre-
spondent, both of the Albert Embankment, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
According to this invention an acid condenser is formed of a series of vertical
cylinders of pottery ware connected one with another in such a way as to
form a continuous series of cylinders through which the fumes have to pass in
succession.
Each cylinder is formed with a branch pipe leading from it at a short distance
from the bottom-the branch pipes on half the cylinders are made to terminate in
a socket to receive the ends of the branch pipes of the other cylinders-the lower
part of the cylinder below the entrance to the branch forms a receptacle in which
liquid acid collects and passes away through a trapped overflow outlet to a pipe
by which it is conveyed to any suitable receiver. Just above the level of the
branch pipe above mentioned a narrow ledge is formed around the interior of the
cylinder the ledge serves to support a series of short vertical cylinders of earthen-
ware piled one above the other-each short cylinder loosely fitting the outer
cylinder and also having across it a disc through which either a central hole is
formned or a series of holes near its outer circumference-these are disposed
alternately so that any fumes or vapours passing through the outer cylinder are
led in a zigzag course alternately towards and away from the centre.
Holes are
also formed through the short cylinders themselves so that the fumes may pass to
the narrow space between them and the side of the outer cylinder.
On the top of the outer cylinder a socket is formed for a dome cover to be
dropped into. From the top of the cover extends a short pipe with a socket at
its end. One end of a short arched length of pipe is dropped into this socket, and
the other end of the arched pipe into the socket on the cover of the next cylinder.
All the joints are made tight by ordinary luting.
The acid fumes to be condensed are led say first to the lower end of one cylinder
then from the top of this cylinder through the short arched length of pipe to the top
of the next and again from the lower end of this second cylinder to the lower end
of a third and so on until the whole series has been traversed and from the last
cylinder any remaining fumes may be conducted away to a wash tower.
The drawings annexed show a condenser constructed as above described.
Figure 1 is a plan view, Figure 2 a vertical section on the line a
Figure 3 an end view, and Figure 4 a vertical section on a larger scale of one of
the cylinders.
Figure 1,
A A are the vertical cylinders each formed with a branch pipe A' extending from
it near the bottom-the ends of the branch pipes on one half fitting into sockets on
the ends of the branch pipes of the other half.
In the drawings the vertical cylinders are shown as being formed in two lengths
one above the other-they might however be formed in a single length or in a
greater number of lengths if desired. A' is the socket at the top of each vertical
cylinder. B the dome cover dropped into the socket. B' the short pipe with
socket end extending up from each cover. C are the arched pipes passing from
the socket B' on the cover of one cylinder to the socket B' on the cover
of the cylinder alongside of it. A is a ledge extending around the lower
part of the cylinder A just above where the brauch pipe A' extends

page_text: from it. D D are the short cylinders with discs across thein which are piled
one above the other within the cylinder-the lower one resting on the ledge.
D' are the holes through the discs, alternate discs having a single central hole
through them and the others a series of smaller holes nearer the circumference.
D' are holes through the sides of some of the short cylinders D to allow fumes to
pass to the narrow annular space between the cylinders D and outer cylinders A.
E is a trapped outlet near the bottom of each cylinder A by which acid can
flow away to a pipe F through which it is conducted to any suitable receptacle.
Condensers constructed as above described for condensing acid funes are more
efficient than ordinary receivers for condensation occupying less space and doing
the work more thoroughly-a most important advantage is also that when
condensing nitric acid the condensed acid is obtained already bleached.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is―
1. A condenser composed of a series of upright earthenware cylinders connected
alternately one with the other at top and bottom and having a trapped outlet at
the bottom of each substantially as described.
2. A condenser composed of a series of upright earthenware cylinders connected
alternately one with the other at top and bottom and having a trapped outlet at
the bottom of each and numerous discs across the interior space above this outlet
perforated alternately at the centre and circumference so that the fumes have to
travel in a zig-zag course through the cylinders substantially as described.
3. A condenser constructed substantially as herein before described and
illustrated in the drawings annexed.
Dated this 26th day of April 1895.
H. L. DOULTON.
LOUIS E. SANCEAU.