AND MISTERY OF CASTING IRON FROM THE IRON STONE OR ORE MORE PURE, MORE TOUGH, AND MUCH NEARER APPROACHING TO THE TOUGHNESS AND MALLEABILITY OF FORGED IRON ITSELF THAN WAS EVER DONE IN THIS OR ANY OTHER NATION, BY A PECULIAR APPLICATION OF FIRE, AND BY A NEW INVENTION OF MANAGEING THE ORE WITH PROPER SALTS AND OTHER REQUISITE INGREDIENTS
Year: 1748

page_text: GEORGE THE SECOND, by the grace of God, &c., to all to whom these
Presents shall come greetin.
WHEREAS our trusty and welbeloved MALACHY POSTLETHWAYT, Esquire,
hath by his Petition humbly represented to us, that having by great study and
expensive trials and experiments discovered the "ART AND MISTERY OF CASTING
IRON FROM THE IRON STONE OR ORE MORE PURE, MORE TOUGH, AND MUCH NEARER
APPROACHING TO THE TOUGHNESS AND MALLEABILITY OF FORGED IRON ITSELF THAN
WAS EVER DONE IN THIS OR ANY OTHER NATION, BY A PECULIAR APPLICATION OF
FIRE, AND BY A NEW INVENTION OF MANAGEING THE ORE WITH PROPER SALTS AND
OTHER REQUISITE INGREDIENTS;" which Invention, he humbly conceives, will be
a great advantage to our subjects in general, by supplying them with a better
commodity of cast iron then they ever had before, that therefore he humbly
prays that he may obtain our Royal Letters Patent for preserving the benefit
of the said new Invention to himself throughout the Kingdom of Great Britain,
our Plantations in America, and the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney,
Sark, and Man, according to the Act of Parliament in that case made and
provided, wee, taking the premisses into our royal consideration, are pleased
to gratify him in his request.
KNOW YE, THEREFORE, that wee, of our especial grace, certain know-
ledge, and meer motion, have given and granted, and by these Presents, for us,
our heirs and successors, do give and grant unto the said Malachy Postleth-
wayt, his executors, administrators, and assigns, our especial licence, full
power, sole priviledge and authority, that he, the said Malachy Postlethwayt,

page_text: his executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of them, by himself and
themselves, or by his and their deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such
others as he, the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administrators, or
assigns, shall at any time agree with and no others, from time to time, and at
all times hereafter, during the term of years herein expressed, shall and law-
fully may make, use, exercise, and vend bis said Invention within that part of
our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and our Colonies and Plantations in America,
in such manner as to him, the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, or any of them, shall, in their discretions seem
meet; and that he, the said Malachy Postlethwayt, bis executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, shall and lawfully may have and enjoy the whole profit,
benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accrew-
ing, and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of
years herein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence,
powers, priviledges, and advantages herein before granted or mentioned to be
granted unto the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administrators,
and assigns, for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years
from the date of these Presents next and immediately ensuing and fully to be
compleat and ended according to the Statute in such case made and provided. And
to the end that he, the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, and every of them, may have and enjoy the full benefit, and the
sole use and exercise of the said Invention, according to our gracious intention
herein-before declared, we do by these Presents, for us, our heirs and successors,
require and strictly command all and every person and persons, bodies politick
and corporate, and all other our subjects whatsoever, of what estate, quality,
degree, name, or condition soever they be, within that said part of our Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales and Town of Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed, and our Colonies and Plantations in America aforesaid, that
neither they or any of them at any time during the continuance of the said
term of fourteen years hereby granted, either directly or indirectly do make,
use, or put in practice the said Invention, or any part of the same so attained
unto by the suid Malachy Postlethwayt as aforesaid, nor in anywise counter-
feit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor shall make or cause to be made any
adddition thereunto, or substraction from the same, whereby to pretend him-
self or themselves the inventor or inventors, devisor or devisors thereof, with-
out the licence, consent, or agreement of the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his
executors, administrators, or assigns in writing, under his or their hands and
seals first had and obtained in that behalf, upon such pains and penalties as

page_text: can or may be justly inflicted on such offenders for their contempt of this our
royal command; and further to be answerable to the said Malachy Postleth-
wayt, his executors, administrators, and assigns, according to law for his and
their damages thereby occasioned: and moreover 'we do by these Presents,
for us, our heirs and successors, will and command all and singular the justices
of the peace, mayors, sheriffes, bayliffes, constables, headboroughs, and all
other officers and ministers whatsoever of us, our heirs and successors, for the
time being, that they or any of them, do not, nor shall at any time hereafter
during the said term hereby granted, in anywise molest, trouble, or hinder the
said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administrators, or assigns, or any
of them, or his or their deputies, servants, or assigns, or agents, in or about
the due and lawful use and exercise of the aforesaid Invention, or anything re-
lating thereto; Provided always, and these our Letters Patent are and shall be
upon this condition, that if at any time during the said term hereby granted, it
shall be made appear to us, our heirs or successors, or any six or more of
our or their Privy Council, that this our grant is contrary to law, or prejudicial
or inconvenient to our subjects in general, or that the said Invention is not a
new invention as to the public use and exercise thereof, in that said part of
our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and our Colonies and Plantations in America
aforesaid, or not invented and found out by the said Malachy Postlethwayt as
aforesaid, then upon signification or declaration thereof to be made by us,
our heirs or successors, under our or their signet or privy seal, or by
the Lords and others of our or their Privy Council, or any six or
more of them under their hands, these our Letters Patent shall forth-
with cease, determine, and be utterly void to all intents and purposes,
anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in any wise not-
withstanding. Provided also, that these our Letters Patent, or any thing
herein contained shall not extend or be construed to extend to give priviledge
unto the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administrators, or assigns,
or any of them, to use or imitate any invention or work whatsoever, which
hath heretofore been found out or invented by any other of our subjects
whatsoever, and publickly used or exercised in that said part of our Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, or Town of Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed, and our Colonies and Plantations in America aforesaid,,
unto whom like Letters Patent or priviledges have been already granted, for
the sole use, exercise, and benefit thereof, it being our will and pleasure that
the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administrators, and assigns, and
all and every other person and persons to whom like Letters Patent or

page_text: priviledges have been already granted as aforesaid, shall distinctly use and
practice their several inventions by them invented and found out, according
to the true intent and meaning of the same respective Letters Patent and of
these Presents: Provided likewise, and these our Letters Patent are upon
this express condition, that if the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors
or administrators, or any person or persons which shall, or may at any
time or times hereafter during the continuance of this grant have or claim
any right, title, or interest, in law or equity, of, in, or to the power, priviledge,
and authority of the sole use and benefit of the said Invention hereby granted,
shall make any transferr or assignment, or any pretended transferr or assign-
ment of the said liberty and priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or
profit thereof, or shall declare any trust thereof to or for any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, or shall open or cause to be opened any
book or books for publick subscriptions, to be made by any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, in order to the raising any sum or sums
of money, under pretence of carrying on the said liberty or priviledge hereby
granted, or shall by him or themselves, or his or their agents or servants,
receive any sum or sums of money whatsoever, of any number of persons
exceeding in the whole the number of five, for such or the like intents or
purposes, or shall presume to act as a corporate body, or shall divide the
benefit of these our Letters Patent, or the liberty and priviledges hereby by
us granted, into any number of shares exceeding the number of five, or shall
committ or do, or procure to be committed or done, any act, matter, or thing,
whatsoever, during such time as such person or persons shall have any right
or title, either in law or equity, in or to the said premisses, which will be con-
trary to the true intent and meaning of a certain Act of Parliament made in
the sixth year of the reign of our late Royal Father King George the First,
intituled (An Act for the better securing certain Powers and Priviledges
intended to be granted by His Majesty by Two Charters for Assurance
of Ships and Merchandizes at Sea, and for lending Money upon Bot-
tomry and for restraining several extravagant and unwarrantable Practices
therein mentioned), or in case the said power, privilege, or authority shall
at any time hereafter become vested in or in trust for more than the number
of five persons or their representatives at any one time, (reckoning execu-
tors or administrators as and for the single person whom they represent, as to
such interest as they are or shall be intitled to in right of such their testator
or intestate,) that then and in any of the said cases, these our Letters Patent,
and all libertys and advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall utterly cease,
determine, and become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary

page_text: thereof in anywise notwithstanding: Provided also, that if the said Malachy
Postlethwayt shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of his
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instru-
ment in writing under his hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in
our High Court of Chancery within four kalendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of these our Letters Patent, that then these our Letters
Patent, and all libertys and advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall
utterly cease and determine and become void, anything herein-before con-
tained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding. And lastly, wee do
by these Presents for us, our heirs and successors, grant unto the said
Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administrators, and assigns, that these
our Letters Patent, or the inrollment or exemplification thereof, shall be in
and by all things good, firm, valid, sufficient, and effectual in the law, according
to the true intent and meaning thereof, and shall be taken, construed, and
adjudged in the most favourable and beneficial sense for the best advantage of
the said Malachy Postlethwayt, his executors, administrators, and assigns, as
well in all our Courts of Record as elsewhere, and by all and singular the
officers and ministers whatsoever of us, our heirs and successors, in that part
of our said Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and our Colonies and Plantations in
America aforesaid, and amongst all and every the subjects of us, our heirs
and successors, whatsoever and wheresoever, notwithstanding the not full and
certain describing the nature or quality of the said Invention, or of the
materials thereto conducing and belonging.
In witness, &c. Witness, &c., the Twenty-fourth day of September, in
the Twenty-second year of our reign.
Re Writ of Primo Sool