Improvements in Dyeing Wool with Sulphonic Acids of Anthraquinone Coloring Matters.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th June, 1894-Accepted, 21st July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by THE FARBWERKE vormals MEISTER LUCIUS
AND BRUNING, of Hoechst a Main, in the Empire of Germany, Chemical
Manufacturers.]
Improvements in Dyeing Wool with Sulphonic Acids of
Anthraquinone Coloring Matters.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :-
In a prior application for Letters Patent No. 15310 dated 25th August 1892
has been described a process for dyeing wool with the sulphonic acids of alizarine
coloring matters, characterised by first dyeing the wool in acid bath with the
sulphonic acids and subsequently converting the coloring matter already impreg-
nated in or upon the wool into solid coloring lake by treatment with metallic salts
apt to form lakes.
My foreign correspondents have since discovered that the sulphonic acids of
oxyanthraquinone coloring matters hydroxylised to a higher degree, as well those
free of nitrogen as the nitrogenous ones (with the latter it is immaterial whether
the nitrogen is contained in them in the form of nitro- amido- or other groups) can
also be fixed with great advantage in or upon the woollen fibre by the same
process.
But the industrial applicability of the dyeing process in question is considerably
heightened and enlarged by the fact that the employment of the sulphonic acids of
nitrogenous oxyanthraquinone coloring matters considerably cularges the number
of shades that can be obtained directly, and that, by suitable combinations of the
colouring matters, shades can be produced at will."
The discovery of the new process allows of the production in a single bath those
shades which according to the old processes of mordanting first and dyeing after-
wards in two baths, as practised with the alizarine coloring matters; at the same
time, the shades obtained by the new process are as fast as those produced by the
old processes and in many cases even considerably more so, and are, beyond all
comparison, of greater uniformity.
Moreover, in working according to the new dyeing process there can be made
use of, with great advantage, certain coloring matters that when treated according
to the old processes, did not give results of any practical value.
The importance of the new dyeing process as compared with the old processes
at present in use for anthraquinone coloring matters is very great for fast wool
dyeing, and may be sumnied up in the following points:
1. The dyeing is effected in one bath only.
2. Production of an incomparably greater degree of uniformity of shade, of
considerably more thorough dyeing of the goods, and of shades faster against
rubbing.
3. Possibility of employing the alizarine-coloring matters in branches of the
dyer's industry where up to now they could not be employed at all or to a
very limited extent only.
The great advantages of the new process will be understood when it is considered
that by the boiling in the acid bath the coloring matter is already fixed in the wool
in the highest possible degree, so that by the subsequent treatment with the metallic
n

page_text: salts (the mordanting) there will be produced a lake clinging much faster to the
fibre than can be effected by the inverted method of mordanting first and dyeing
afterwards.
The dyeing process is exactly the same as that described in the said prior
application for Letters Patent; hereinafter it is described more fully in connection
with coloring matters in question in the present application.
A suitable vat furnished with a winch is put up with
2 kilos. sodium salt of the anthrachrysone disulphonic acid.
sulphate of soda.
10
"
4
وو
sulphuric acid of 66° Bé.
The previously cleansed goods are entered at 80° C., the temperature is raised to
boiling point, and boiled for an hour; there are then added 10 kilos. of alum, and
the colour is developed by boiling for another hour.
II
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE STECIFICATION
Improvements in Dyeing Wool with Sulphonic Acids of
Anthraquinone Coloring Matters.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In a prior Specification No. 15310 dated 25th August 1892 has been described a
process for dyeing wool with the sulphonic acids of alizarine coloring matters,
characterised by first dyeing the wool in acid bath with the sulphonic acids and
subsequently converting the coloring matter already impregnated in or upon the
wool into solid coloring lake by treatment with metallic salts apt to form lakes.
My foreign correspondents have since discovered that the sulphonic acids of
oxy-anthraquinone coloring matters hydroxylised to a higher degree, as well
those free of nitrogen as the nitrogenous ones (with the latter it is immaterial
whether the nitrogen is contained in them in the form of nitro, amido, or other
groups) can also be fixed with great advantage in or upon woollen fibre by the same
process.
But the industrial applicability of the dyeing process in question is considerably
heightened and enlarged by the fact that the employment of the sulphonic acids
of nitrogenous oxyanthraquinone coloring matters considerably enlarges the
number of shades that can be obtained directly, and that, by suitable combinations
of the colouring matters, shades can be produced at will.
The discovery of the new process allows of the production, in a single bath, of
those shades which, according to the old processes of mordanting first and dyeing
afterwards were produced in two baths, as practised with the alizarine coloring
matters. The dyes obtained by the new process are as fast as those produced by
the old processes and in many cases even considerably more so, and are, beyond all
comparison, of greater uniformity.
Moreover, in working according to the new dyeing process there can be made
use of, with great advantage, certain coloring matters, which, when treated according
to the old processes, did not give results of any practical value.
The importance of the new dyeing process as compared with the old processes at
present in use for anthraquinone coloring matters is very great for fast wool dyeing,.
and may he summed up in the following points:
1. The dyeing is effected in one bath only.
-
2. Production of an incomparably greater, degree of uniformity of shade, of
considerably more thorough dyeing of the goods, and of shades faster against
rubbing.
3. Possibility of employing the alizarine-coloring matters in branches of the
dyer's industry where hitherto they could not be employed at all or only to a
very limited extent.
The great advantages of the new process will be understood when it is considered
that, by the boiling in the acid bath, the coloring matter is already fixed in the
wool in the highest possible degree, so that by the subsequent treatment with the
metallic salts (the mordanting) there will be produced a lake clinging much faster
to the fibre than can be effected by the inverted method of mordanting first and
dyeing afterwards.
The dyeing process is exactly the same as that described in the prior Specification
No. 15310 of 1892 above referred to. It is now more fully described in connection
with coloring matters to which the present invention relates.

page_text: A suitable vat furnished with a winch is put up with
2 kilos. sodium salt of the anthrachrysone disulphonic acid.
10
"
""
4
sulphate of soda.
sulphuric acid of 66° Bé.
The previously cleansed goods are entered at 80° C., the temperature is raised to
boiling point, and boiling is continued for an hour; there are then added 10 kilos.
of alum, and the colour is developed by boiling for another hour.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.