A OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Tytherleigh, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Accountant Clerk, for the Invention of "A New OR IMPROVED
Sealed the 10th February 1857, and dated the 18th August 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Tytherleigh at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
August 1856.
I, WILLIAM TYTHERLEIGH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Accountant Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "A NEW
OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS,"
to be as follows:-
In carrying my Invention into effect, I take a hollow iron cylinder, of, some-
what less diameter than the roller or cylinder to be manufactured. I prefer
to perforate the said cylinder with holes. I clean the said iron cylinder by
acids or otherwise. 1 afterwards cover the said iron cylinder with borax or
other suitable flux, and heat it sufficiently to fuse the flux thereon. In another
furnace I heat a pan or vessel (made of a material capable of bearing the
requisite heat), the said pan or vessel containing copper, brass, or other alloy
[Prise 8d.]

page_text: of copper. When the copper or alloy is fused, I put the iron cylinder therein
and turn it, so as to coat it with the metal. I take the cylinder from the said
pan or vessel, and whilst hot I put it in a hollow cylinder or mould, closed at
bottom with clay or other suitable material. I place a core or axis in the
iron cylinder, and adjust it, by screws or otherwise, in the axis of the mould.
I put the whole into a furnace, and when the coating on the iron cylinder
begins to melt I pour fused copper or copper alloy into the mould, and
I maintain the heat until the copper or alloy is thoroughly incorporated with
the coating on the iron cylinder; the fire is then slackened, and the whole
allowed to cool: The roller or cylinder is afterwards finished by the process of
turning.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Tytherleigh in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th February 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, WILLIAM
TYTHERLEIGH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Accountant Clerk,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her Heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Tytherleigh, Her special licence that I, the said William Tytherleigh,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Tytherleigh, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said William Tytherleigh, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Tytherleigh, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
My said Invention consists of the method or methods herein-after particularly
described of manufacturing rollers or cylinders for printing fabrics.
In carrying my Invention into effect, I take a hollow cylinder of iron of
somewhat less diameter than the roller to be manufactured. The said cylinder
of iron may have holes or indentations made in it, but I sometimes use
cylinders having neither holes nor indentations. The said iron cylinders may
either be made of wrought iron or cast iron. When made of cast iron, I cast
a longitudinal nib or projection in its interior along its whole length for the
purpose of connecting it with its axis, as is well understood. When the iron
cylinder is made of wrought iron, I make a nib or projection therein by cutting
down, and thereby diminishing the thickness of the metal, leaving the nib
running along the inside of the tube; or the iron of which the cylinder is made
may have a rib made in it during rolling, which rib constitutes the nib. When
the iron is made into a hollow cylinder, instead of making the nib in the iron
cylinder and a groove in the axis, the nib may be the axis and the groove in
the cylinder. I clean the hollow iron cylinder with acids, or in any other con-
venient manner, and I put on the said cylinder borax or other flux. I take a
pan, crucible, or vessel, made of clay or other material capable of bearing the
requisite beat, I place copper, brass, or other alloy of copper in the said pan
or vessel, and by heating the said vessel or crucible in a suitable furnace
I fuse the said copper or alloy. I put the iron cylinder in the said pan,
crucible, or vessel, and turn it about so as to coat it with the copper or alloy;
I then take the said coated cylinder from the pan, crucible, or vessel, and
whilst hot I fix the said cylinder in the axis of a vertical hollow cylindrical
mould, closed at bottom and open at top. 1 fix the said hollow cylinder, the
said cylinder having a hollow or tubular core passing through it, and I adjust
it accurately in the axis of the mould by means of screws or otherwise. I put
the whole into a furnace and put copper or alloy of copper into the mould, and
maintain the heat until the said copper or alloy has melted down and filled the
mould; or I fill the mould while in the furnace with fused metal. The whole
is withdrawn from the furnace, and after it has cooled, the hollow iron cylinder
is withdrawn from the mould, bringing with it the thick coating of copper or
alloy of copper which has been attached to it in the mould. Or, 1 first put the
metal into the mould and then put the iron cylinder into the fused metal.

page_text: The iron to be coated may not be a complete cylinder, the edges of the iron
bent into a cylindrical form not being brought into contact, a sufficient space
being left between them to enable the copper or alloy to enter and form a nib
or rib. The said nib or rib, however, only fills up part of the space between
the edges of the iron cylinder, the core used in this case having a rib along its
whole length, which enters and partially occupies the space between the edges
of the iron, and thus makes a groove in the casting which serves to fix the
roller to its axis.
I sometimes modify my Invention in the following manner:-I take a
hollow iron cylinder, coated with copper or alloy of copper, as herein-before
described. The said iron cylinder may be made slightly taper; and after it has
been coated, I take a thick tube of copper or alloy of copper, which said, thick
tube may be formed by casting or otherwise; it may be desirable to make the
interior of the said copper or copper alloy tube slightly taper, and of a size
accurately to fit the coated iron cylinder, which said cylinder may be made in
two parts. I fuse or otherwise attach borax or other flux on the outside of
the coated iron tube, and in the inside of the thick copper or copper alloy tube;
I then drop the copper cylinder upon the iron tube, and expose the whole to
heat, either in a mould or without a mould. The heat to which I expose the
cylinders is carefully regulated, so that the copper cylinder shall only be suf-
ficiently heated to melt the solder. When I adopt this method of carrying my
Invention into effect, I prefer to coat the iron cylinder with a very fusible brass
or other alloy of copper, so that the heat which will suffice to fuse the said
alloy and solder the copper or copper alloy cylinder to the iron cylinder
will be insufficient to endanger the fusion of the copper or copper alloy
cylinder.
By the method described, the cylinder of copper or copper alloy becomes
firmly attached to the cylinder of iron in its interior. The rollers or
cylinders may be finished by turning, drawing, or other suitable mechanical
processes.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described, as the same may be varied with-
out departing from the nature of my said Invention; but I claim as my
Invention the new or improved manufacture of rollers or cylinders for printing
fabrics herein-before described, that is to say, coating an iron cylinder with
copper or alloy of copper, and afterwards fusing thereon in a mould, or filling
the mould with fused copper or alloy of copper, so as to produce a coating of

page_text: sufficient thickness to be used as a printing roller or cylinder, or attaching
a tube of copper or copper alloy to a cylinder of iron in its interior by means
of a solder more fusible than the copper or alloy of copper of which the tube is
formed.
In witness whereof, 1, the said William Tytherleigh, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM TYTHERLEIGH. (L.S.)