Improvements in Furnaces for Steam Boilers.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th July, 1889-Accepted, 17th Aug., 1889.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for Steam Boilers.
We, JOSEPH SAWYER of 227 Bethnal Green Road, London, Middlesex, Engineer,
HOWELL BENSON PHILLIPS of Forest Gate, Essex Gentleman, and WILKINSON
MITCHELL of St. Swithins Lane London, Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to Improvements in Furnaces for steam boilors and may be.
applied to Marine Locomotive, Cornish, Lancashire, Multitubular and the Galloway
steam Boilers.
The furnace Bars we make of Cast or wrought Iron with cross sectional openings
or air spaces between the two sides of the bar on the outside we fix margin pieces so
that when the bars are placed side by side in the Furnace openings or air spaces are
formed the full length of the bars whereby a large amount of air is supplied to the
fuel through the air spaces between each furnace bar and through the cross sectional
openings of the Furnace bars themselves, thus securing more perfect combustion of
the fuel-These furnace bars rest on a bridge at back and front made to take them
so that by means of force exerted they may be easily moved backwards and forwards
on such bridges made for them-When these bars are long a roller is arranged in
the centre of Bars to support same and måde, if required, to. revolve to lessen
friction when the Bars rock to and fro upon it.
These furnace Bars are made or fitted with hollow spaces or openings at their
ends, and we make quadrants in cast or wrought iron, and one end of such quad-
rant is made to take into the hollow end of furnace bar, and the other end of
quadrant is fitted with a lever, the whole quadrant works upon a centre made to the
size of, and fitted over a spindle which we fix along the front plate of the furnace,
this spindle on which the quadrant works is attached to the front of the Furnace-
When these levers are put in motion each furnace bars rocks separately backwards
and forwards in a longitudinal direction. By means of these levers on these quad-
rants the whole of the furnace bars may be kept moving backwards and forwards and
the action so arranged that some bars are moving forwards while others are moving
backwards, and thus the clinkers and scoriæ are separated from, or prevented from
adhering to the Furnace Bars, by this motion the air passages are kept free for the
air to pass through, and between the openings in the furnace bars into the fuel
creating perfect combustion and a saving of fuel.
We also make and fix a system of pipes or passages for the introduction of air to
the furnace, both underneath the furnace bars and at the back of furnace through the
bridge this we do by placing longitudinally along the bottom of the ashpit a pipe
connected in front to another pipe running along the front of furnace and rising
from each end of this pipe is a vertical pipe standing up to height of about the top
of the Furnace doors-each of these two pipes are fitted with a funnel shaped top.
To the back end of the air pipe along the ashpit connection is mado to take air up
through the bridge at back of furnace and deliver it over and into the furnace at
the back of the fire-thus supplying heated air to back of furnace thereby greatly
assisting the combustion of the furnace and the carbon or black smoke is consumed.
The air pipe before referred to lying longitudinally along the ash pit is perforated
with a certain number of holes at the side and near the top to allow air drawn up by
the natural draught of the furnace through the funnel topped pipes to partially escape
for the service of the furnace from below, the remainder of the air current is drawn
into the furnace at back as before stated.
By means of a simple mechanical contrivance driven either by hand or shafting
from steam or other power we can actuate the levers working the furnace bars so that
they may be continually kept moving and by such means as eccentrics can be made

page_text: to rock irregularly. We can fix or attach our improvements to an existing boiler
without necessitating an entirely new boiler.
As our said improvements. are capable of various modifications without departing
from the principle thereof; we-do not restrict ourselves to. materials, dimensions, or
the precise form or placement of the several parts thereof.
Dated this 9th day of October 1888.
RAYNER & CASSELL,
43, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for Steam Boilers.
We, JOSEPH SAWYER of 227, Bethnal Green Road, London, Middlesex, Engineer,
HOWELL BENSON PHILLIPS of Forest Gate, Essex, Gentleman, and WILKINSON
MITCHELL of St. Swithins Lane London, Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in moving backwards and forwards the furnace bars of a
boiler together with certain pipes for supplying air to the furnace.
The two outside bars of the furnace are not moveable but all the other bars are
made to move or slide in a Longitudinal direction backwards and forwards by means
of Quadrants attached to each Bar which causes one bar to slide or move two.inches
while the other bar by its side remains stationary; by this operation each one of the
bars are moved or made to slide onc after the other in a Longitudinal direction thereby
causing the clinkers and scoria to be broken up and partially consumed by the
burning fuel.
This Longitudinal motion given to each bar separately keeps the air passages
between the bars quite free. The amount of air and the full quantity of Oxygen con-
tained in the air is sufficient to produce the perfect or nearly the perfect combustion
of the fuel whereby the black carbon and the hydrogen gasses are burnt, the result
being a saving of Fuel and a smokeless Furnace."
The induction pipes for supplying air to the furnace may be made of wrought or
cast iron as shewn in the drawings, either round, flat, or square in section with
funnel or cup shaped tops and lids or covers to open and shut to regulate the quantity
of air required to the furnace.
The bridge of the Furnace is made of cast iron or other material such as fire brick
and Stourbridge clay. The fire bridge is made hollow for the passage of air to the
furnace and sufficient space being left for the back end of the moving fire bars to
move or slide easily.
The front end of the fire bars may rest on a dead plate or bar fixed on the front of
the furnace or the entire furnace bars may rest on two or more rollers.
These wrought iron rollers are placed on frames and the under or bottom part of
the bars rest on these said rollers, which, when the bars are set in motion facilitate an
easy movement of the said fire bars as they act as bearers.
In order that the nature of my said improvements may be the more fully under-
stood I will proceed to describe the various Figures on the sheet of drawings
hereunto annexed all of which figures are marked with the like letters of reference
throughout.
As these drawings are only intended to illustrate my invention I have added the
other parts of the boiler in line only, just to make locality for my improvements.
Figure I is a front elevation of the boiler fitted with my improvements and
Figure 2 is a Longitudinal section of the same.
In Figure 1. A indicates the furnace bars that move backwards and forwards
and B shews the quadrant by means of which they are moved. C is the Furnace-
door. D, D, are pipes down which air is drawn for the furnace, the air then travels
along the pipe D' and on through pipe D" in Figure 2.

page_text: A lid E may be hinged on to the top of the pipe D. by means of which the amount
of air to pass down the pipes marked D' may be regulated. The two end bars of my
furnace bars I propose to remain fixed.
In Figure 2. B is the quadrant working on the centre B' and by means of which
my furnace bar is worked backwards and forwards. F F are rollers upon which the
furnace bars rest.
G is the bridge of the furnace constructed hollow so that the air derived from
the outside through pipe Du may pass up into the furnace. D" is the pipe con-
veying air from pipes D and D₁ to bridge of furnace and this pipe D is pierced
with holes at the side to allow of an escape of air to the underside of the furnace
bars. The sum of the area of these holes is in no case equal to the sectional area
of the pipe D. H indicates interior of boiler with some water in same.
The arrows in both figures shew the direction of the current of induced air.
As our Improvements are capable of some modifications without departing from
the principle thereof we do not restrict ourselves to materials, dimensions, or to the
precise form or placement of the several parts thereof.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
A quadrant motion for moving furnace bars backwards and forwards in a longi-
tudinal direction in conjunction with induction pipes for supplying air to the fuel and
bridge of the furnace all as hereinbefore set forth in this specification and illustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
TV
RAYNER & CASSELL,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.