Improvements in and relating to Drills or Boring Tools.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Drills or Boring Tools.
I, CHARLES WILLIAM WASHINGTON, of The Firm of Washington and Company,
of Stanley Street, Sowerby Bridge, Yorkshire, Engineers and Machinists, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to means or apparatus for boring metals for the production
of tubes, hollow shafts, or the like from solid or hollow sections, but which can be
used equally as well for boring holes through solid metal parts especially if of
considerable length or depth.
In carrying out my invention, I employ any suitable construction of twist drill
or boring tool to which is screwed or otherwise attached and preferably, afterwards
welded, a hollow tube or stem. In the thread or threads of the said twist drill or
boring tool I cut or otherwise form grooves open at one end to the hollow tube and
at the opposite end to the facets or tapered ends of the drill or tool. The upper
edges of the grooves are suitably stepped or recessed to receive a correspondingly
shaped strip or section of metal which is of the same curvature as the thread of the
drill or tool and when fitted in position over its groove it is level with and gives
the same symmetrical surface to the thread as though it were solid throughout.
These strips or solid sections are brazed or welded, but preferably electrically
welded, or are dovetailed or otherwise suitably secured over the grooves, which thus
form channels through the threads of the drill or tool as though bored there-
through, and establish thoroughfares through each thread from the hollow stem
or spindle to the nose or end of the drill or boring tool. At the end of the hollow
stem or spindle is secured a nipple or the like to which can be readily secured a
pipe connected with a pump. The stem or spindle of the tool or drill is or may be
made with a flat side which is adapted to engage with an opposing flat surface on
a clamp, jaw, or holding bracket secured to the lathe or machine in which the
tool is to be employed, the said tool being thus held rigid in the machine while the
part to be bored is rotated and the tool and holder fed forward and kept up to its
work by any suitable feed motion, or the work may be held rigid, and the tool and
holder made to rotate.
In boring with said tool, oil or other lubricant is pumped continuously, or other-
wise, as the case may be into the hollow stem or tube of the tool from whence it
passes under pressure through the grooves or channels in the threads of the tool
to the end thereof where it is required to lubricate and keep the parts cool while
boring. The method of supplying lubricant to the boring tool or twist drill, as
above set forth, not only serves to lubricate and keep the parts cool throughout
the whole process of boring, and to any extent, but the pressure of the lubricant
forces and carries the cuttings or borings outwards between the threads of the tool
or drill away from the work and thus keeps the bore perfectly clear and free from
the bits of metal removed by the tool. The stem or tube of the tool being of less
diameter than the tool itself, the particles of metal, after leaving the spaces between
DQ71

page_text: the threads of the tool or drill can flow with or be forced by the oil or other
lubricant freely to the end of the bore and discharge themselves out of the bore
while the lubricant may be separated therefrom and conducted back to the pump
to be used over and over again.
When necessary I may dispense with the hollow tube or stem, in which case
the tool is used as an ordinary twist drill or boring tool.
By the means above described I am enabled to bore hollow tubes, shafts or the
like, of any diameter, with ease and expedition, and much more cheaply than at
present, the tool being applicable for boring any description or section of metal
whether the bore required be long or short and of large or small diameter.
Dated this 16th day of December 1897.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Huddersfield.
Improvements in and relating to Drills or Boring Tools.
I, CHARLES WILLIAM WASHINGTON, of The Firm of Washington and Company,
of Stanley Street, Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Engineers and
Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to twist drills or boring tools for boring metals for the
production of tubes, hollow shafts or the like from solid or hollow sections, but
which can be used equally as well for boring holes through solid metal parts
especially if of considerable length or depth.
In carrying out my invention, I employ any suitable construction of drill or
boring tool to which is screwed or otherwise attached and preferably, afterwards
welded, a hollow stem or shank. In the thread or threads of the said drill or tool I
cut or otherwise form grooves open at one end to the hollow stem or shank, and at
the opposite end to the nose or tapered ends of drill or tool. The upper edges
of the grooves are suitably stepped or recessed to receive a correspondingly shaped
strip or section of metal which is of the same curvature as the thread of the drill
and, when fitted in position over the groove, it is level with and gives the same
symmetrical surface to the thread as though it were solid throughout.
These strips or solid sections are brazed or welded, but preferably electrically
welded, or are dovetailed or otherwise suitably secured over the grooves which thus
form channels through the threads of the drill as though bored therethrough, and
establish thoroughfares in the threads from the hollow stem or shank to the nose
or pointed end of the drill. At the end of the hollow stem or shank is secured a
nipple or the like to which can be readily attached a pipe connected with a pump
which forces. lubricant under any desired pressure through the aforesaid channels
or thoroughfares to the cutting lips of the drill whereby a higher rate of speed
and a quicker feed can be obtained without the parts heating or the drill becoming
dull.
In order that my said invention may be fully understood, reference is hereafter
had to the annexed sheet of drawings forming a part of this specification, in
which:-
Fig. 1 is elevation shewing my improved oil feed drill or boring tool complete
with shank or stem part of which is in section;
Fig. 2, is elevation on a larger scale of the oil feed twist drill shewing the rear
end of same in section; and

page_text: Fig. 3 is enlarged cross section of Fig. 2.
Referring to the drawings, letter a represents the twist drill or boring tool which
is of the same type and construction as ordinary drills or boring tools, and 6 the
stem or shank to same which is screwed into the rear end of the drill, as shewn in
section in Fig. 2, and the parts then welded together. In the "land" or threads
of the drill or boring tool and centrally thereof I cut or form grooves c extending
from end to end of the threads and open to the nose or tapered end of the drill,
as shewn. On the upper sides of the grooves c are formed stepped recesses or
ledges d which are adapted to receive and support over said grooves, flat strips
or ribbands of metal e of the same sinuous curvature as the threads of the drill, or
bent thereto, and which when fitted in position are perfectly level or in exact
alignment with the surface or periphery of the "land" or thread and give the same
symmetrical surface thereto as though the threads were solid throughout.
The metal strips or ribbands e are brazed or welded, but preferably, are electri-
cally welded to the stepped recesses or ledges d in the grooves c which firmly unites
them to the threads of the drill and thus form channels or thoroughfares through
the "land" or threads from end to end as though bored therethrough out of the
solid. The grooves terminate at the rear end of the tool in small bores or
orifices f, f, open to a central bore g which forms a continuation of the opening h
extending nearly the full length of the stem or shank band give free communication
between the hollow shank and the said grooves c. To the end of the shank b is
secured a nipple i to which can be readily attached a pipe heading from a force
pump or oil supply. The stem or shank of the drill or tool is provided with a
flat side b¹, which is adapted to engage with an opposing flat surface on a clamp,
jaw or holding bracket secured to the lathe or machine in which the tool is to be
employed, said tool being thus held rigid in the machine or rest while the part
to be bored is rotated and the tool and holder fed forward and kept up to its work
by any suitable feed motion; or, the work may be held rigid and the tool made
to rotate.
In boring with said oil feed tool, oil or other lubricant is pumped continuously,
or otherwise, as the case may be, into the hollow stem or opening in the shank b
from whence it flows under pressure through the small holes or orifices f, f, into
and through the grooves or thoroughfares c from which it issues in two streams
at the pointed end or nose of the tool or drill to the cutting lips thereby lubricating
and keeping the parts cool while boring.
The method of supplying lubricant to the cutting lips of the drill or tool as
above set forth not only serves to lubricate and keep the parts cool throughout
the whole process of boring and to any extent or length of bore, but the pressure
of the lubricant flowing out of the grooves c forces or carries the chips of metal
or borings outward between the threads of the drill away from the work and thus
keeps the bore perfectly clear and free from the bits of metal removed by the
the tool and reduces liability of the cutting lips being damaged. The stem or
shank b being of less diameter than the tool itself, the particles of metal or cuttings
after leaving the spaces between the threads of the drill can flow with or be forced
by the lubricant freely to the end of the bore and discharge into a receptacle or
tray, the oil being separated and conducted back to the pump to be used over and
over again.
I do not confine myself to the precise method of securing the metal strips e in
the upper edges of the grooves c as it will be obvious that other methods might be
adopted if found to answer as well, but so far I have found electrical welding to
be the best and prefer it.
By the means above described I am enabled to bore hollow tubes, shafts, or the
like of any diameter and length, more cheaply and in much less time than when
ordinary drills or boring tools are employed. The oil feed drill or tube is
applicable for boring any description or section of metal whether the bore required
be long or short and of large or small diameter and when necessary it can be used
as an ordinary drill or boring tool in an ordinary drilling or boring machine.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be carried into effect, I declare that
what I claim is :-
or each
In a twist drill or boring tool, a groove formed centrally of the "land
thread of the drill or tool from end to end and open at one end to the nose or point
of the tool and at the opposite end to a hollow shank or stem and a metal strip or
ribband welded, brazed or otherwise united or secured, but preferably, electrically
welded to countersunk ledges or in stepped recesses in the upper edges of each
groove, said strip or solid section of metal conforming to the sinuous curvature
of the thread or threads and being level or in exact alignment with and giving
the same symmetrical surface thereto as though solid throughout, substantially as
set forth and for purposes described.
Dated this 14th day of September 1898.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Huddersfield, Agents for Applicant.