IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRESSING AND FILTERING BEET ROOT JUICE, OILS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES.
Year: 1877

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to John Clayton Mewburn, of 169, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Patent Agent and Consulting Engineer, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRESSING AND FILTERING BEET ROOT
JUICE, OILS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES.' A communication from abroad by
Jean Marie Tissot, of Neuilly, France.
ذر
Sealed the 18th December 1877, and dated the 10th July 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clayton Mewburn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1877.
"
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRESSING
AND FILTERING BEET ROOT JUICE, OILS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES." [A communication
from abroad by Jean Marie Tissot, of Neuilly, France.]
The apparatus which forms the subject of the present Invention acts both as a
press and as a filter, and it is of continuous action. The substance to be operated
on is introduced into the mouth of a continuous bag composed of two endless
travelling cloths which approach gradually nearer together; the matter thus under-
goes a progressive pressure, slight at the commencement, and attaining to the
greatest pressure between pressing rollers.
The endless cloths are made in a particular manner, so as to form a filter, supple
under the energetic pressure which is developed and always appropriate; these filter
cloths are composed of three thicknesses, the first consisting of perforated bands or
straps, which constitute the resisting part of the cloth, the second of coarse fabric of
horse or other hair, which forms the supple and elastic part of the filter, and the
last of a fine and uniform fabric, such as merino, cashmere, or alpaca, which consti-
tutes the filter properly so called.
The Invention will be understood from the following description of an apparatus
constructed in accordance therewith.
The first or lower endless cloth passes horizontally from a guide roller at one end
of the machine to a pair of pressing rollers, between which it passes; it then goes
over the upper pressing roller and round another guide roller below, and returns to
ED. 1

page_text: the first-named guide roller. The second or upper cloth passes from a guide roller
to the lower pressing roller, travels with the first cloth between the pressing rollers,
and then after going over a guide roller above returns to its first guide roller. As
the cloths gradually lengthen by use the apparatus is provided with means of
tightening them, and such means may advantageously consist of screws for
adjusting the spindles or the bearings of the guide rollers.
The angle formed by the two cloths at the point where the substance is supplied
to them is sufficient to allow of the substance being readily introduced, and from
this point the cloths gradually approach each other until they come into contact at
the pressing rollers. Their separation at the point of feed can be regulated by
adjusting the height of one of the guide rollers of the upper cloth.
The pressing rollers are formed with flutes or grooves on their surface to allow
the filtered liquid to escape. The pressure of the upper roller upon the lower is
produced by weighted levers, which act on rods connected to the bearings of the
upper roller.
The endless cloths are made of strong bands.or straps of hemp of the first quality,
superposed, to form a double thickness, with crossed joints, these two thicknesses
being connected together by brass or other eyelets placed at suitable distances and
carefully clinched. A sort of sieve, supple and endless, is thus obtained, which is
covered with a coarse fabric of horse or other hair, coarse wool, aloes, jute, or the
like. This coarse fabric is covered with strips or bands of fine and uniform fabric,
such as merino, cashmere, or alpaca; this last fabric constitutes the filter properly
so called, the coarse fabric being the drain, and the eyelets the mouths leading to
the grooves or flutes of the pressing rollers.
The coarse fabric and the strips of merino or fine fabric are fixed at one end
only; thus the extension of these fabrics during the rolling does not form folds, one
end being free; the free end covers the seain of the next strip, so that there is
continuity.
The juice expressed flows out at the bottom of the press, while the compressed
pulp issues in a sheet at the upper part of the pressing rollers.
In operating upon some materials, oils for example, the rollers may be heated by
gas or steam by arrangements similar to those used in dressing fabrics.
A rasping apparatus or similar device for cutting up the beet root or other
material may be placed above the lower endless cloth, so that the beet roots may be
brought to the apparatus, and without any intermediate manipulation leave it in
the form of pulp and juice.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Clayton Mewburn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th
December 1877.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRESSING
AND FILTERING BEET ROOT JUICE, OILS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES." A communication
from abroad by Jean Marie Tissot, of Neuilly, France.
The apparatus which forms the subject of the present Invention acts both as a
press and as a filter, and it is of continuous action. The substance to be operated
on is introduced into the mouth of a continuous bag composed of two endless travelling
cloths which approach gradually nearer together; the matter thus undergoes a
progressive pressure, slight at the commencement, and attaining to the greatest
pressure between pressing rollers.
The endless cloths are made in a particular manner so as to form a filter, supple
under the energetic pressure which is developed, and always appropriate. These
filter cloths are composed of three thicknesses, the first consisting of perforated
bands or straps, which constitute the resisting part of the cloth, the second of coarse
fabric of horse or other hair, which forms the supple and elastic part of the filter,
and the last of a fine and uniform fabric, such as inerino, cashmere, or alpaca, which
constitutes the filter properly so called.
The Invention will be understood from the following description and by the
annexed Drawings of an apparatus constructed in accordance therewith.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation of the apparatus, and Figure 2 a section of
one of the cloths.
The endless cloths T and T¹, which are of thick bands, having eyclets m of brass
or other metal, are covered with a regular layer of animal or vegetable hair c held
by means of a fabric of coarse meshes or netting, or even a metallic cloth t, stitched
at each side to the eyeleted fabric and forming a selvage. This endless cloth is
covered with a fine and regular fabric a, such as merino, cashmere, or alpaca, forming
an endless band, but not stretched or attached to the main band or cloth T. It
is therefore longer than the main cloth, and remains loose behind the pressing
rollers.
The cloth T, which constitutes the table, passes over the rollers C, D, D', A
and B. The fabric a passes over the same rollers, but on leaving the pressing
rollers it goes over the small upper rollers 7,, ; it is loose between the upper
roller and the lower roller D. It is upon this band that the substances to be
pressed are deposited, the breadth and thickness of the layer being regulated by the
shoot or hopper Y situated at the front.
The second cloth T¹ is likewise formed of an eyeleted fabric which goes round
the pressing roller B and over the rollers E, F; it is likewise covered by an endless
band y of the same fine fabric as the other main band, and not stretched; on leaving
the pressing rollers this endless band y passes over the upper roller ; it is loose
between this roller and the lower roller F.
The lower cloth T carries the substance into the conical space contained between
it and the upper cloth T¹, the result being a gradual pressure; the two bands of
fine fabric x and y are thus brought into contact, and the substance under treat-
ment is held as it were in a bag owing to the sinking or depression of the hair
portion of the cloth, and is unable to escape at the sides. Then, the movement
continuing, the pressure increases, owing to the undulations produced by the
rollers G, H, I, between which the cloths T, T, pass; the result is that the greater
part of the liquid drains away. Lastly, the substance passes between the pressing
rollers A and B, which effect the final pressing. On leaving these rollers the residue
still remains held in the state of a continuous sheet between the fine cloths x and y,
until these cloths after having reached the upper rollers 7 and 7³, which increase
7'

page_text: their loose length, separate as indicated by the arrows f and f¹ and leave the residue
free; this becomes detached and falls, owing to the cloths x and y hanging loose
between the rollers. As the cloths gradually lengthen by use the apparatus is
provided with means of tightening them; for the lower cloth T the bearings a of
the spindle of the guide roller C may be made to slide on the frame X by means of
The tension of the upper
the screw b, which are worked by hand wheels c.
cloth T is produced by the displacement of the supports g of the spindle of the
roller F, by means of the screw b¹ worked by the hand wheel c¹, or by the
displacement of the bearing g' of the spindle by means of the screws b² and hand
wheels c².
I
The pressing rollers A and B are formed with flutes or grooves on their surface to
allow the filtered liquid to escape. The pressure of the upper roller A upon the
lower B is produced by the levers with weights p, which being jointed at o act by
rods on the bearings or supports of the roller A.
The expressed juice flows out at the lower part of the press, while the pressed pulp
issues in a sheet where the cloths x and y separate.
It is unnecessary to describe the manner of imparting motion to the apparatus,
as it will be understood by reference to the Drawing; there is no special
The previous
arrangement, and it will besides be varied according to circumstances.
reduction or rasping of the substance to be pressed may be effected by ordinary
means.
In operating upon some materials, oils for example, the rollers may be heated by
gas or steam by arrangements similar to those used in dressing fabrics for example.
When beet root is to be pressed in the apparatus it should be cut up or reduced
with as little water as possible, so as to economise subsequent operations.
The improved apparatus can be employed for pressing various substances, such,
for example, as beet root, apples, pears, grapes, ceramic pastes (porcelain paste for
example), and other substances which require pressing and filtering.
The rasping apparatus or other device for cutting up the material may be placed
above the cloth T, so that beet roots, for example, may be brought to the apparatus
and without any intermediate manipulation leave it in the form of pulp and juice.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim constructing apparatus for
pressing and filtering beet root juice, oils, or other substances substantially as
herein-before described with reference to the annexed Drawings, the essential or
characteristic features of the said apparatus being,-
First. The mode or means of pressing the substance between two endless
cloths serving as filters and forming a continuous bag.
Secondly. The arrangement of the endless cloths composed of eyeleted bands
covered with a layer of hair, held by netting or coarse fabric stitched at the edges
to the eyeleted bands.
Thirdly. The endless cloths not stretched on the eyeleted or main cloths between
which the substance is held as in a bag and then pressed, the residue becoming
detached from these endless unstretched cloths by their hanging loose when they
reach the upper rollers.
And, Lastly. The arrangement of a shoot or hopper at the front of the machine to
regulate the width and thickness of the layer of material supplied to the lower cloth
all substantially as herein-before explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clayton Mewburn, have hereunto se
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, One thousand eigh
wantedoven
J. C. MEWBURN (L.S.)