Cut Outline Maps and Map Building Blocks.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 16th July, 1896-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Cut Outline Maps and Map Building Blocks.
I, BENJAMIN HOYLAND, Barley, Royston, Hertfordshire, Schoolmaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
First. The manufacture and cutting out of the coast lines and boundaries of maps,
pictures or sketches of any continent island, country, place, province, county or other
subdivision, in paper, cardboard, wood or other material, so that the coast lines and
boundaries thereof shall be clearly shown to be cut out, thus showing the shape of
the country or place in a defined manner..
Secondly. That any map so cut out, or not, may also be cut into sections, either
in parallelograms, squares, or according to physical and political boundaries, or lines
of latitude or longitude of any country, section or subdivision of any map of a country
or place, for the purpose of "map building blocks" that is, by placing the several
blocks together to form on their surfaces complete maps of such countries or places.
Thirdly. And that the aforesaid "cut out line maps" and "map building blocks,"
may be constructed so as to shew lakes, inland seas, and rivers, by depressions and
sunken lines, and the mountains, hills, railways, towns and adjacent islands be raised,
on their surfaces.
Fourthly. And that my invention of "map building blocks" shall also apply to
spherical bodies delineating on their surfaces, pictures or sketches of the earth, or on
their sectional faces of the geological formations of the earth, whereby the same
blocks may be arranged to form complete globes when placed together.
Fifthly. And that my invention of "cut out line maps" shall also apply to the
raising, sinking, bevelling, perforating and sheer cutting of coastlines and boundaries
on plane surfaces of any kind, that is, having outer marginal planes beyond the sea-
coast to shew the sea, or other surface.
Sixthly. And lastly, that my invention of the aforesaid "cut out line maps" and
"map building blocks" shall include the manufacture of such tools, dies, cutters and
moulds of an ordinary character necessary for the cutting, stamping or embossing of
the same.
Dated this 21st day of March 1896
BENJAMIN HOYLAND.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Cut Outline Maps and Map Building Blocks.
I, BENJAMIN HOYLAND, Barley, Royston, Hertfordshire, Schoolmaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Firstly. The manufacture and cutting out of the coast-lines and boundaries of
maps, pictures or sketches, real or ideal, of any continent, island, country, or portion
thereof, mounted or printed on, or made in paper, cardboard, wood, plaster, com-
position, clay, metal or other material, so that the coast-lines are clearly shewn to be
cut out, whether the surface of the map be flat, or, be moulded to shew the land in
relief above the sea-level.

page_text: The object is to construct small cut out-line maps having flat or moulded surfaces,
for the use of scholars to draw maps from, or to model in clay from, or the taking of
impressions therefrom; and very large cut out-line maps, made in wood, composition,
metal, or wood faced with composition, or other material to hang on easels in schools
to serve as models for the teaching of geography and the drawing and memorising of
maps therefrom, which may, or may not, be printed, painted, carved or moulded on
their surfaces, to shew the chief physical and political features of any country or place,
together with the names of places and points of interest; or for any other purpose
ornamental or otherwise.
Secondly. That any map, mounted or printed on, or made in paper, cardboard,
wood, plaster, clay, metal or other material so cut out; or any ordinary plane surfaced
map shewing land and sea not so cut out, may also be cut into smaller sections or
blocks in the form of parallelograms, or squares, or according to the lines of latitude
or longitude, or physical and political boundaries, of any country or place, for the
purpose of "map-building," that is, by placing the several blocks superficially together
in order, thereby forming complete maps or pictures of any country or island, and the
like, with their surfaces.
Thirdly. And that the aforesaid cut out-line maps and map-building blocks may be
moulded, pressed, stamped, shaped, or carved on their surfaces to shew seas, lakes,
rivers, canals, river-basins, valleys, and the like, by depressions and sunken lines; and
mountains, hills, volcanoes, watersheds, railways, towns, islands, earthworks, monu-
ments, forts, bridges, lighthouses, breakwaters, and the like, be raised above the
general surface of the map, thus representing the land above the sea-level. These maps
may also shew a flat marginal surface adjoining the land to represent the sea surrounding
the land which is raised above it; and may be cut into smaller blocks, rectangular in
shape, or according to lines of latitude or longitude, or according to the provinces,
counties or other physical and political boundaries for the purpose of map-
building.
Fourthly. And my invention of map-building blocks, shall also apply to spherical
bodies or geographical and geological globes, whereby the same may be cut into two
or more blocks, delineating or shewing on their sectional faces, pictures, sketches
,or diagrams, real or ideal, of the geological formations of the rocks, strata, volcanoes,
caverns, springs, internal fire, of the earth, and the like; whereby the same
spherical or geological blocks may be arranged to form complete globes, when placed
together in order.
Fifthly. And that my invention of cut out-line maps shall also apply to the
raising, moulding, bevelling, sinking, perforating, and dotting and lining for hand
perforating, of the coast lines and boundaries of any map of a country or place,
mounted on, or made in any material, on plane or moulded surfaces having a
contiguous flat marginal surface beyond the coast, to shew the land surface, which
may, or may not, be. shewn in relief above the level of the sea.
The raising, moulding, bevelling, sinking, dotting and lining, and the perforating
by means of small holes, round or otherwise, of the coast-lines and boundaries,
shall also include the boundaries of inland seas, lakes, rivers, and the like, with
their contiguous mountain ranges, towns, railways, counties and the like.
By dotting and lining is meant the joining of a series of small dots by short thin
straight lines,. for example:
which may, or may not, be slightly
sunken.
By the term "cutting" is also meant stamping or moulding, and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
(1.) The manufacture and cutting out of the coast lines and boundaries of maps,
mounted, printed or painted on, or made in, paper, cardboard, wood, plaster, com-
position, or any other material, having flat surfaces, or moulded surfaces to represent
the land in relief above the sea-level.

page_text: (2.) That any map so cut out and having flat or moulded surfaces to shew the land
in relief above the sea, or any other ordinary flat, printed map in common use
shewing land and sea not so cut out, may also be cut into smaller sections or blocks,
rectangular in shape, or according to lines of latitude and longitude, or according to
physical and political boundaries for the purpose of map-building.
(3.) That cut out-line maps and map-building blocks may be moulded on their
surfaces to shew seas, lakes, rivers, and the like, by depressions; and mountains,
watersheds, earthworks, islands, lighthouses, and the like, be shown to be raised above
the general surface of the map, and with or without a flat marginal surface beyond
the coast to shew the sea.
These maps may be cut up into smaller blocks, rectangular in shape, or according
to counties, provinces, or other physical and political boundaries, for the purpose of
map-building.
(4.) That map-building blocks shall also apply to geographical globes which also
may be cut into two or more blocks, delineating or shewing on their sectional faces,
pictures, sketches or diagrams of the geological formations of the interior of the
earth, whereby the same may be placed together to form complete globes.
(5.) That cut out-line maps shall also apply to the raising, moulding, bevelling,
sinking, perforating, and dotting and lining for hand perforating, of the coast-lines
and boundaries, which may also extend up the rivers and mark any other chief
physical and political features of a country, island or place.
By the term "cutting" is also meant stamping, moulding and the like.
L
1002
BENJAMIN HOYLAND.