Improvements in and connected with Wheels for Pneumatic Skates, and for other purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Aprlication, 1st Aug., 1804
Complete Specification Left, 1st May, 1895-Accepted, 27th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Wheels for Pneumatic Skates,
and for other purposes.
We, FRANK JORNS GIBBS, and WILLIAM WRIGHT, trading together as
Gibbs and Wright, of 70, Lower Hurst Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Tinplate Workers and Metal Platers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to wheels for pneumatic and other wheeled skates
and for velocipedes children's carriages and for other purposes.
The first part of this invention consists in making the wheel and securing the
pneumatic or other elastic tyre thereto in the ways we will now describe so as to
cheapen the cost of production and facilitate the fixing of the pneumatic or other
indiarubber tyre to the wheel and also render the said tyre more secure.
In carrying out this part of this invention we make the wheel of two disc like or
circular sheet metal parts fixed together face to face by bolts or by other means
and each made with an outwardly projecting rim or flange together forming the
complete rim of the wheel. These sheet metal disc like or semicircular parts can
either be raised from sheet metal in suitable dies or they may be made by
spinning in a lathe or by other means or they may be cast or otherwise formed.
The edge of the rim or flange of each of the disc like parts flanged or turned
outwardly and by preference slightly rounded. The elastic outer covering of the
pneumatic tyre is made with two stout wire or tubular or other non-stretchable rings
enclosed in its edges, one ring being enclosed in one edge and the other ring
being enclosed in the other edge, these rings being of a size to fit round upon
the flange of the wheel. In the same way when the wheel is required to be fitted
with a solid or with a cushion elastic tyre such solid or cushion elastic tyre is
or may be made of a shape to fit round the rim and have the said two metal rings
enclosed in its edges.
In fitting together the wheel and tyre above in part described the two parts of
the wheel are separated and the air tube and outer covering of the tyre are placed
in position on and surrounding one of the said wheel parts, one of the metallic
or other non-stretchable rings of the tyre bearing against the outwardly turned
edge of the flange; the other circular part of the wheel is then placed in position
in the tyre and against the other part of the wheel face to face so that the tyre
will then be gripped between the outwardly projecting edges of the two circular
parts of the wheel these latter being then secured together by bolts or by other
means. When the tyre is inflated it will be found to be perfectly secure as it is
impossible for the wire or other unstretchable rings to spring over the outwardly
turned flanges of the wheel.
The two circular or disc like parts of which the wheel is composed may either
be solid or pierced with holes so as to lighten the same and they may also be
strengthened by having radial or other ribs raised upon themn. Or for the same
purpose they may be dished or corrugated with concentric or other grooves.
In the wheel above described the two disc like or circular parts of which the
wheel is composed are fixed together face to face with their flanges projecting
outwardly, but we may also make the said wheels by arranging the flanges of the
two disc like or circular parts of the wheel to meet together or engage one within

page_text: the other and for the plate portions of the two disc like parts to be on the outside
as if the wheel were made of two sancepan lids of the same size placed with their
flanges together except that the body or plate of each of the two parts of the
wheel is by preference bulged inwardly to a central bearing and so as not to
project beyond the width of the wheel rim. When making the two parts of
the wheel as last above described the side rims, against which the said wire or
other unstretchable rings of the tyre bear, are by preference made by forcing the
metal outwardly in the same way that the rims are made on saucepan lids.
Our improved wheels above described are by preference constructed for use
with ball bearings in the hub or eye of the wheel. When the said wheel is
desired to be fitted with a double ball bearing that is with a row of balls at each
side of the wheel as is usual, we make each of the two disc like or circular parts of
the wheel with a central bole for the axle to pass through and also form an
outwardly projecting raised boss on each of the said disc like or circular parts each
of which bosses is recessed to take a steel or other metal cup containing the balls
of the ball bearings the said balls being adjusted by collars screwed on the axle
or otherwise arranged suitable means being provided for locking the said collars.
According to another arrangement of ball bearing for the wheels above described
and for wheels made with wire spokes or otherwise constructed, and which
arrangement is particularly applicable when the wheel is required to be fitted with
a bearing having only one row of balls (although this construction is also applicable
to a bearing containing two rows of balls) we provide a steel or other metal ball
race surrounding the balls and turned inside to correspond with the balls. Within
this ball race there is a coned bush or collar provided with an adjustable coned
washer about which the balls revolve this bush being screwed or otherwise secured
on the axle passing therethrough. The said ball race is formed with or fixed to a
central disc of any convenient size which fits between the two dise like or circular
parts of the wheel, or of the wheel hub, and is there secured by cross pins or by
other means. Or when the wheel hub is constructed for wire spokes the said wheel
race may form part of the hub.
The hereindescribed improved method of securing the outer covering of a
pneumatic tyre, or a solid or cushioned tyre to its wheel rim by means of the two
endless wire or other rings in the edges of the outer covering or tyre as above
described is similarly applicable to the wire or other spoked wheels for bicycles and
other velocipedes & carriages one of the flauges of the wheel rim being made
removable if desired to facilitate getting the tyre or outer covering in place on the
wheel rim or of removing the same.
Dated this 31st day of July 1894.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in and connected with Wheels for Pneumatic Skates,
and for other purposes.
We, FRANK ORNS GIBBS, and WILLIAM WRIGHT, trading together as
Gibbs and Wright, of 70, Lower Hurst Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Tinplate Workers and Metal Platers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to wheels for pneumatic and other wheeled skates
and for children's carriages, trolleys, and for some other purposes where small
wheels are required.

page_text: This invention consists in making the said wheels in the several ways which we
will describe with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to cheapen the
cost of production of the wheels and facilitate the fixing of the pneumatic or other
indiarubber tyre to the wheel and also render the said tyre more secure.
On the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a front elevation and Fig. 2 is a cross sectional elevation of a wheel
constructed according to this invention and fitted with a well known form of
pneumatic tyre; Fig. 3 shews the parts of the said wheel separately;
Fig. 4 is a cross section of another form of wheel constructed according to this
invention and Fig. 5 shews the parts of the same separately;
Fig. 6 is a cross section of another form of wheel constructed according to this
invention, and Fig. 7 shews the parts of the same separately;
Fig. 8 is a cross section of another forin of wheel constructed according to this
invention, and Fig. 9 shews the parts of the same separately;
Fig. 10 is a cross section of another form of wheel constructed according to this
invention, and Fig. 11 shews the parts of the same separately;
Fig. 12 is a cross section of another form of wheel constructed according to this
invention, and Fig. 13 shews the parts of the same separately;
Fig. 14 is a cross section of another form of wheel constructed according to this
invention, and Fig. 15 shews the parts of the same separately;
Fig. 16 is a cross section of another form of wheel constructed according to this
invention, and Fig. 17 shews the parts of the same separately;
The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all the
figures.
According to one arrangement (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3) of carrying out this
invention we make the wheel of two dished disc like circular sheet metal parts
marked respectively A1, A2 fixed together face to face by bolts bor by other
means such for instance as soldering and each made with an outwardly projecting
rim which is flanged outwardly at a² the rims of these two dished discs together
forming the complete rim of the wheel. These sheet metal dished discs are by
preference raised from sheet metal in suitable dies or they may be made from sheet
metal by spinning in a lathe. The edge a² of the flange a of each of the disc like
parts A, A, which is flanged or turned outwardly as aforesaid is by preference
slightly rounded as shewn. The pneumatic or other elastic tyres which we use
with our improved wheels form no part of this invention and may be of any kind
as used on other wheels such for instance as the tyre shewn by Figs. 1 and 2
which consists of an elastic outer covering C made with two stout wire or tubular
or other non-stretchable rings marked respectively d', d, enclosed in its edges, one
ring being enclosed in one edge and the other being enclosed in the other edge,
these rings being of a size to fit round the flange of the wheel as shewu in Fig. 2.
E is the air tube provided with inflating valve el.
In fitting the tyre on to the wheel above in part described the two
parts A, A, of the wheel are separated and the air tube E and outer covering C
of the tyre are placed in position on and surrounding one of the said wheel parts,
say that marked A', the metallic or other non-stretchable ring d', of the tyre bearing
against the outwardly turned edge a² of the flange A', the other circular part A
of the wheel is then placed in position in the tyre and against the part A' of the
wheel face to face so that the tyre will be then brought between the outwardly
projecting edges a', a², of the two circular parts A', A2 of the wheel which latter
are then secured together by the bolts bor by other means.
Our improved wheels hereindescribed are all constructed with ball bearings in
the hub or eye of the wheel and preferably each wheel is made with a double ball
bearing, that is a circle of bulls at each side of the centre line of the wheel as is
usual. In order to receive the balls each of the two dished disc like parts A¹, A³,
of the wheel is made with an outwardly projecting boss, which bosses are marked
respectively F1, F2, raised from the disc part A', A² and each of these bosses F1 F±
is fitted with a steel or other metal cup (which two cups are marked.

page_text: respectively G1, G2), which are fitted and soldered or otherwise fixed into the
central holes in the bosses F1, F2 (see Fig. 3). The cups G, G² are slightly
reduced in diameter at g' where they fit in the bosses F1, F2 thus forming a
shoulder g², on each cup to bed against the boss F¹ or F2 and keep the cups true
whilst they are being soldered in place.
The outwardly projected raised bosses F¹, F, in which the ball bearing
cups G1, G2 are fixed, as stated above, may either be formed in a piece with the
dished dises A', A2 as shewn in Figs. 2 and 3 or one or both of the bosses F', F',
may be made separate from the discs in various ways which we will now describe.
In the wheel shewn by Figs. 4 and 5 each of the bosses F1, F2, is raised from a
sheet metal blank separately from the dished discs and is formed with a flat
flange, for fixing the bosses to the discs. The flanges are in this wheel clipped
between the discs A', A2, as shewn in Fig. 4 and thus secured by soldering or by
the bolts or by other means, the bosses F1, F2, fitting in the central circular
hole a in the discs A, A, so as to ensure the bosses being central with the
rims a¹.
In the wheel shewn by Figs. 6 and 7 only one of the bosses namely F' is made
separate from its dished disc A', the other boss F2 being raised in a piece with its
dished disc A². In this case the flange f2 of the boss fits in the dished disc A',
or if preferred this flange may fit between the two discs A', A2, as will be readily
understood.
In the wheel shewn in Figs. 8 and 9 the boss F¹ for the dished disc A' is made
separate therefrom and with a flange as in the example shewn by Figs. 6 and 7
but the boss F2 for the disc A² is raised in a piece with the dished dise A' so as
to project from the inner side of the same and pass through the central hole a³
of the other dished disc A2 as will be clearly understood by an examination of
Figs. 8 and 9.
In the wheels above described the two dished disc like parts A1, A2, of which
the wheel is composed are fixed together face to face with their flanges projecting
outwardly, but we may also make the said wheels by arranging the flanges of the
two disc like or circular parts of the wheel to meet together or engage one within
the other and for the plate portions of the two disc parts to be on the outside as if
the wheel was made of saucepan lids of the same size placod with their. flanges
together except that the body or plate of each of the two parts of the wheel is by
preference bulged inwardly to a central bearing and so as not to project beyond the
width of the wheel rim. When making the two parts of the wheel as last described
the side rims a² are by preference made by forcing the metal outwardly in the same
way that the rims are made on saucepan lids.
A wheel made in accordance with this method of carrying out our invention is
illustrated by Figs. 10 and 11 where it will be seen that the wheel consists of two
discs marked respectively A3, A4, of which the latter is made with a deep rim a
which engages within the backwardly turned edge or rim a² of the other disc A³,
these discs A³, A', being fixed together at the proper distance apart by bolts b
(say three in number) passing through the discs and provided with distance tubes 61
threaded on the bolts b between the disos to keep the latter at the proper distance
apart. Each of the discs A³, A' has fixed to it one of the central cups G, G². for
the balls of the ball bearings. It will be seen that the said rims a² of the
discs A³, A', are formed by forcing the metal outwardly in the same way that the
rims are made on saucepan lids. I is a central tube which may be provided in
the wheel fitting between the discs A3, A4, to prevent the discs springing nearer
together.
The wheel shewn by Figs. 12 and 13 is similar to that last above described and
shewn by Figs. 10 and 11 except that instead that each of the discs A", A being
made with a rim portion a' which meet together at the centre of the wheel, these
rims are spun or otherwise worked inwardly as shewn to form the flanges a at the
centre of the wheel where the rims meet together. The discs A³, A' are in this
case by preference secured together by their Hanges a being soldered.

page_text: The wheel illustrated by Figs. 14 and 15 is formed of two saucepan lid like
discs A, A similar to those shewn by Figs. 12 and 13 and the two raised sheet
metal bosses F1, F2, the flanges f' of which latter fit between the flanges at of the
discs A, A which are secured by soldering. In this case the ball bearing
cups G', G are fixed to the bosses F1, F2, and project through the central holes a
in the discs A³, A.
The two circular or disc like parts A1, A2, or A³, A' of which the wheels
above described are composed may be strengthened by having radial or other ribs
raised upon them. Or for the same purpose they may be dished or corrugated with
concentric or other grooves.
According to another arrangement (shewn by Figs. 16 and 17) of ball bearing
for the wheels above described, and which arrangement is particularly applicable
when the wheel is required to be fitted with a bearing having only one row of
ball we provide a steel or other metal ball race J surrounding the balls hand
turned inside to correspond with the balls. Within this ball race J there is a
coned bush or collar provided with an adjustable coned washer about which the
balls revolve this bush being screwed or otherwise secured on the axle m
passing therethrough. The ball race is formed with to a central disc of any
convenient size which fits between the two disc like or circular parts A1, A2, of
the wheel, and is there secured by the cross pins or by other means such for
instance as soldering.
It is to be understood that the rims a' may be made of any shape to suit the cross
sectional form of the elastic tyre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the two sheet metal dished discs A¹ A² fixed together face to face
and flanged outwardly to form a rim for the tyre, each of the said discs having au
integral outwardly projecting central boss such as F F fitted with a metal cup
such as G G2 fixed therein for the balls of the ball bearings, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the two sheet metal dished discs A' A' Hanged outwardly to form a
rim for the tyre, and the two raised sheet metal bosses F¹² fitted with cups G'G²
for the ball bearings and made with flanges f which are fixed to the dished discs
so as therewith to form a wheel substantially as herein before described an
illustrated by Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the sheet metal dished disc A' flanged to form part of the rim for
the tyre and pierced with a central hole a³, the sheet metal dished disc A² flanged to
form the other part of the rim for the tyre and made with an integral ontwardly
projecting central boss F2 fitted with metal cup G³, and the separate raised sheet
metal boss F fitted with cup G¹ and made with flange, the said parts being fixed
and combined together so as to form a wheel substantially as herein before described
and illustrated by Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the sheet metal dished disc A' flanged to form part of the rim for
the tyre and pierced with a central hole a³, the sheet metal dished disc A' flanged
to form the other part of the rim for the tyre and made with an integral outwardly
projecting central boss F' fitted with metal cup G' and projecting through the
disc A, and the separate raised sheet metal boss F' fitted with the cup G' and made
with flange the said parts being fixed and combined together so as to form a
wheel substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Fig. 8 of the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: 5. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the sheet metal disc A³ fitted with the central cup G made with
downwardly turned edge rim a², and the sheet metal disc A' fitted with the central
cup G¹ and made with raised rim a² and the deep rim a' engaging the rim a² of the
other disc A³, the said parts being fixed and combined together so as to form a
wheel substantially as herein before described and illustrated by Fig. 10 of the
accompanying drawings.
6. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the two raised sheet metal discs A³ A each fitted with metal cups
such as G1 G2 for the balls of the ball bearings and made with rims a a³ and
flanges at which are fixed together so as to form a wheel substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by Fig. 12 of the accompanying drawings, either
with or without the stiffening internal tube I as set forth.
7. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the two raised sheet metal discs A³ A made with rims a' a² and
flanges a*, and the two raised sheet metal bosses FF2 fitted with the cups G¹ G²
for the ball bearings and made with flanges f2 which are fixed together between
the flanges of the discs A³ A', the cups G G entering central holes a' in the
said discs, so that the whole will form a wheel substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by Fig. 14 of the accompanying drawings.
8. In a wheel for skates and for children's carriages and for other purposes the
combination of the two sheet metal dished discs A' A2 flanged outwardly to form a
rim for the tyre the ball race J fixed between the said discs and fitted with balls /
adapted to revolve on the cone k and conical collar 7 on the axle, so as to form a
wheel with a central ball bearing substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by Fig. 16 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 30th day of April 1895.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.