IMPROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY COWLS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Manders, of Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, and Richard Boheme Cave, of Battersea, in the County of Surrey,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY COWLS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Manders
and Richard Boheme Cave at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 3rd April 1877.
WILLIAM ROBERT MANDERS, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, and
RICHARD BOHEME CAVE, of Battersea, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CHIMNEY COWLS."
The object of our Invention of improvements in chimney cowls is to construct a
cowl which will have the effect of curing that bane of most householders, a smoky
chimney.
In carrying out our Invention we close the top of the cowl by means of any
suitable cover, and we make in the sides of the cowl an even number of vertical
openings for the issue of the smoke. These openings are partially closed by flaps or
valves which are hung or suspended from the top part of the cowl above the
openings in any suitable manner. Each flap or valve is connected by a horizontal
rod with the corresponding flap or valve on the opposite side of the cowl, and the
length of the rod should be such that when in their normal position or state of rest,
all the flaps or valves will be partly open, thus allowing free egress for the smoke
from all of them; but when the flap or valve on one side is blown or shut to by the
force of the wind the corresponding flap or valve on the opposite side will be
pushed open wider by the horizontal rod which connects the two flaps, and thus
allow a larger opening for the egress of the smoke on the side farthest from the
direction in which the wind blows, and by closing that valve which is windward
will prevent the wind from entering the chimney.
In order to prevent the wind from blowing in at the sides of and underneath the
flaps or valves, we place protectors or wind guards between and below the openings
in the cowl, and at right angles or at other convenient angle theroto.

page_text: If preferred the side protectors or wind guards may be attached to the inside of
the flaps or valves.
As a modification of the above arrangement of parts we sometimes invert the
action of the flaps or valves, and allow them to rock on a fulcrum placed below the
openings in the cowl and supply them with counterweights to keep them in 5
the normal position of partially open. In this case the protectors or wind guards
will be likewise inverted, the top of the cowl being also closed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Manders and Richard Boheme Cave in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 3rd October 1877.
WILLIAM ROBERT MANDERS, of Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex, and
RICHARD BOHEME CAVE, of Battersea, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN CHIMNEY COWLS."
Our Invention consists of an improvement or improvements in chimney cowls,
and is for the purpose of curing or preventing down draught. To do this we mako
a hood, cowl, or chimney top of zinc or any other material having two or more
sides (we mostly make four); in each of these sides, or as many sides as convenient,
we make an opening or openings, and in front of and covering each opening wo
place a flap or door swung or suspended by rings or any other convenient form of
hinge. When in its normal condition the flap or flaps hang partly open so as to
emit the smoke arising in the chimney to escape. Each flap we connect with its
opposite flap by means of a rod so arranged that when the wind blows from any
direction the flap to windward will be entirely closed and the opposite flap doubly
opened.
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To prevent the wind entering the cowl from the sides, top, or bottom of the flaps
we fix sido pieces or guards, and top and bottom pieces or guards, as described by
the accompanying Drawing. These sides and top and bottom pieces or guards wo
sometimes attach to the flaps, but we mostly fix them to the framework of the
cowl, in which case they are immoveable.
In some cases we dispense with the cross rods, in which cases each flap acts
independently, being entirely closed by the action of the wind. The parts of this
cowl or chimney pot which we claim as our Invention are the sides, top, or bottom
pieces or guards.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Robert Manders and Richard
Boheme Cave, have hereunto set our hand and seal, this Third day of
October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
HAMAS
WILLIAM ROBERT MANDERS. (L.S.)
RICHARD BOHEME CAVE.
(L.S.)