IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RUNNERS AND TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELEAS AND PARASOLS..” TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELEAS AND PARASOLS.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Holland, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Umbrella and Parasol Furniture Manufacturer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RUNNERS AND
TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELEAS AND PARASOLS..”
TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELEAS AND PARASOLS..”"
Scaled the 19th September 1873, and dated the 2nd April 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Holland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd April 1873.
I, HENRY HOLLAND, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
5 Umbrella and Parasol Furniture Manufacturer, do hereby declare tho
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OP RUNNERS AND TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing runners and top notches for
O umbrellas and parasols by the processes or combination of processes
herein-after described, the object of my Invention being principally to

page_text: dispense with the soldering ordinarily employed in the manufacture of
runners and top notches.
runner.
I will describe my Invention as applied to the manufacture of a
Each runner is made from two pieces of sheet metal, the said
pieces being shaped and connected together in the following manner :-
I form the barrel or tubular part of the runner by cutting out a circular
blank from sheet metal and by a series of raising or drawing through
processes effected by dies in the ordinary way. I convert the said blank
into a tube closed at one end, the open end of the tube which forms the
bottom of the finished runner being provided with a beading or rounded
edge solid to the tube. The exterior of the closed or notch end of the
tube thus made is turned slightly conical in a lathe to make it accurately
fit the notch.
The ring or notch part of the runner is made by cutting a ring from
sheet metal instead of by the ordinary method of casting. This sheet
metal ring is prepared for the reception of the barrel part by making
the hole in the said ring or notch part conical or taper, and making
around the edge of the wide end a series of indentations. To fix the
notch part or ring to the barrel part of the runner the said barrel part is
forced into the smaller end of the hole in the notch part by pressure.
The closed end of the barrel part is next punched out, and the edge of
the barrel part dished out or expanded tightly into the wide and indented
end of the notch part or ring. The said notch part or ring is thereby
very firmly secured to the barrel part without soldering the indented
edge or end of the notch part combined with the expanding of the 2
pierced out end of the barrel into the said indented edge or cud,
effectually preventing the rotation of the notch upon the barrel.
The notch ring may be grooved and notched before or after it has
been fixed in the manner described upon the barrel.
I manufacture top notches in the manner described with respect to 3
runners, excepting that no beading is required at the bottom end of the
notch, tube, or barrel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Holland in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 29th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HOLLAND, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Umbrella and
Parasol Furniture Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Henry Holland, Her special license that
I, the said Henry Holland, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Henry Holland, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF RUNNERS AND TOP NOTCHES FOR UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Holland, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Holland, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in manufacturing runners and top notches for
umbrellas and parasols by the processes or combination of processes
herein-after described, the object of my Invention being principally to
dispense with the soldering ordinarily employed in the manufacture of

page_text: I will describe my Invention as applied to the manufacture of a
runner. Each runner is made from two pieces of sheet metal, the said
pieces being shaped and connected together in the following manner: —
I form the barrel or tubular part of the runner by cutting out a circular
blank from sheet metal, and by a series of raising or drawing through
processes effected by dies in the ordinary way. I convert the said blank
into a tube closed at one end, the open end of the tube which forms
the bottom of the finished runner being provided with a beading or rounded
edge solid to the tube. The exterier of the closed or notch end of the
tube thus made is turned slightly conical in a lathe to make it accurately
fit the notch. The ring or notch part is made by cutting a ring from
sheet metal instead of by the ordinary method of casting. This sheet
metal ring is prepared for the reception of the barrel part by making the
hole in the said ring or notch part conical or taper, and making around
the edge of the wide end a series of indentations.
To fix the notch part or ring to the barrel part of the runner the said
barrel part is forced into the smaller end of the hole in the notch part
by pressure. The closed end of the barrel part is next punched out and
the edge of the barrel part dished out or expanded tightly into the wide
and indented end of the notch part or ring, so as to fix the latter securely
to the runner part.
The notch ring may be grooved and notched before or after it has been
fixed in the manner described upon the barrel.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying
Drawing the manner in which my Invention may be performed.
In making the barrel or tubular part of a runner I cut from sheet
metal a circular dise or blank of the kind represented in Figure 1, and
by a series of drawing through processes effected by dies and pressure
in the ordinary way, I form from the blank Figure 1 the tube closed
at one end represented in elevation and section in Figure 2. The open
end of the tube a, Figure 2, thus made is furnished with a beading or
The
rounded edge 6 made by turning up the edge of the metal.
exterior of the closed end of the tube is next turned in a lathe, so as to
give the said end a slightly conical figure by the removal of a minute
portion of the metal. The part so turned and on which the notch
In order
herein-after described accurately fits is marked d in Figure 3.
the better to exhibit this very slight taper of the closed end of the

page_text: tube, I have represented in Figure 3 the said end drawn to double the
full size.
In making the notch or ring part I cut from sheet metal the circular
disc or blank represented in Figure 4, and pierce or perforate a hole in
its middle so as to form a ring as seen in Figure 5. A groove e is
afterwards turned in the edge of the ring c as seen in the said Figure 5.
I make the hole in the notch or ring slightly taper or conical, and
around the edge of the wide end of the said hole fa series of indentations
marked is made as represented in Figure 6.
Having thus made the barrel part a and notch or ring part c of the
runner from rolled or sheet metal without soldering, I fix the said parts
securely together in the following manner :-The conical or slightly
taper end d (Figure 3), of the closed end of the barrel part a is forced
by pressure into the smaller end of the conical or taper hole ƒ in the
notch ring c, Figure 6, the wider end of the hole being uppermost.
The runner in this stage of its manufacture is represented in Figure 7.
The closed end of the barrel a, Figure 7, is next pierced out as repre-
sented in Figure 8, and the top edge of the said barrel is finally
dished out or expanded tightly into the wide and indented end of the
notch part or ring c, as represented in Figure 9. The said notch part
or ring c is thereby very firmly fixed to the barrel part a of the runner
without soldering, the indented edge or end g of the notch part c com-
bined with the expanding of the pierced out end of the barrel part a
into the said indented edge or end effectually preventing the notch,
which has been driven upon the taper end of the barrel from rotating
upon
the said barrel. The notch part or ring c having been thus fixed
upon the barrel part a, the said notch part or ring is grooved or notched
transversely as represented in Figure 10. The projecting end of tho
barrel expanded into the indented edge of the notch is removed, and
the face of the notch perfected by turning in a lathe, and the manu-
facture of the runner is completed. The cross grooves or notches as
well as the annular groove e in the notch part or ring c may be made
before it is fixed to the barrel part.
I manufacture top notches in the manner described with respect to
runners excepting that no beading is required at the bottom end of the
short notch tube or barrel.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood

page_text: that I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of my Invention, but I claim as my Invention the improvements in
the manufacture of runners and top notches for umbrellas and parasols
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing,
that is to say, making the barrel part and notch part of the said runners
and top notches from rolled or sheet metal in the manner described and
represented, the notch end of the barrel part being made slightly taper,
and the hole in the notch part taper and indented at its wide end, and
fixing the notch part to the barrel part without soldering, substantially
in the manner described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Holland, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
Witness,
W. OWEN JONES,
Barmouth,
North Wales.
HENRY HOLLAND. (L.S.)