Improvements.in Ships' and like Berths.
Year: 1891

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 1st day of December 1892, allowed,
under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of this
Specification.
Date of Application, 1st Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 2nd May, 1892-Accepted, 16th July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements.in Ships' and like Berths.
I, WILLIAM PARISH HOSKINS of Trinity Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Ships' Berths Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to ships' and like berths, such for example, as ships'
sleeping berths, and railway carriage sleeping berths, and consists in the first part,
of improvements in the construction, mounting, fitting, and fastening of the lee-
rails, or the lee-rail framings of such berths; in the second part, to the construction
of the sides, or the sides of the framings of the said berths ; in the third part to
the construction of the stay framings, of certain kinds of extensible folding ships'
berths; in the fourth part in the sackings, or adjuncts of them, to prevent sagging.
In carrying out one form of the said first part of my invention, I take an
ordinary rectangular shaped berth framing, having a tubular or other sectioned
front rail, directed from end to end of the said framing.
Running parallel with, and below, the said front and primary rail, is a supple-
mentary rail or rod supported at its ends, and at middle, from, or by, hanging lugs
or crank arms, directed from, and carried by a tube or long sleeve, encircling the
said primary rail, and adapted to rotate about the said primary rail, as a centre of
motion.
The lee-rail framing, which may be adapted to one end only of the berth
framing, or may be the whole length of front of berth, has legs or depending arms,
with socketed eyes at their outer and lower ends, which take upon and around the
supplementary rail or rod as aforesaid. The connection of the lee-rail, through the
intervention of the arms, to the supplementary rail, forms a crank movement, which
turns the tube or sleeve about the primary rail, on the lee-rail framing being lifted
or raised.
From the supplementary rails, draperies or curtains are proposed to be suspended
or hung,
The connecting arms of the lee-rail, are bent or bowed outwardly, so as to be
clear of the tube encircling the primary rail, or the said arms, may be directed
straight, in which case, the lower part of the berth framing, is directed outwardly,
so that the said encircling tube shall be missed.
Thus, the lee-rail so mounted, admits of turning vertically into an outward, or
from an inward position, and at the same time, rising or falling, for the affixing or
releasing of the lee-rail, from its secured or locked position.
The securing or locking device of the lee-rail, consists of an inverted and slotted
cup, carried at an upper part of the inner end of the lee-rail framing, and adapted
to take upon a hemispherical head or crown, of an erect pillar, situated at the
lee-rail side of the berth framing, and which pillar, bas an adjustment screw
passing axially through its head, so that after the lee-rail cupped connection,
has been placed upon the curved or hemispherical head, the screwing home

page_text: of the wormed pin, affixes the said lee-rail, in a vertical position, to the
framing.
Or the affixing or locking device, may consist of a rotating stem, working
vertically through the axis of the pillar, and carrying at its upper end, a cross
head, or T-shaped stud, of the one part, whilst the side of the lee-rail, carries
a spherical connection, with an elongated piercing cu its underside, wherein the
cross head, or Tend, as aforesaid, enters, when the same are coincident.
The affixing is performed by: giving to the stem, a quarter-rotation, when the
Tend is within the spherical connection.
The lee-rail is at one end of the berth, framing, or whole length, and is capable
only of turning, without sliding.
As a further arrangement of lee-rail mounting, the connection arms of the lee-
rail, may be made only to turn about the supplementary rail, as a centre of motion,
without employing other accessory parts, such as the cranked arms, and sleeve; in
this last named form, or in this arrangement, the supplementary rail, which may be
still employed as a hanger for draperies, may be connected to depending parts of
the end pillars of the framing, instead of from the tube or sleeve or sleeves
surrounding the primary rail.
The fastening is performed by a slotted and slightly cupped extension of the lee-
rail, passing around the stem of a headed screw pin, taking through the top of
the pillar.
In a further form of lee-rail mounting, the connecting arms of the lee-rail, may
be provided with slotted eyes, whilst the inner part of the said arms, are made
hock-wise, to take upon the primary front rail, in manner, that on the said rail
requiring to be turned down, it is lifted, so as to remove the hook connections, from
off the primary rail, when the lee-rail then turns down upon the supplementary rail,
as a centre.
As a further form of this said last named arrangement, I make the upper parts
of the said lower connection, hookwise, which take upon the front rail of a pair of
slender rails, disposed in the same plane as the sacking, and with a secondary and
stouter rail, disposed under and below the said front and slender primary rail, as
hereinafter described.
•
The lower part of the said lee-rail connection, is made in the form of a jointed
clip, with a hole through the front of the jointed part, wherethrough the end of a
screw pin, which screws through the front part of the said clip, passes, and takes a 3
pointed or conical part of it, under the secondary rail, which is thus embraced by
the said clip part, so that on the screwing up of the screw pin, the members of the
clip are connected together, and the same tightened, by the action of the incline of
the screw, upon the rod as aforesaid.
To release the lee-rail, turn back the screw, when the clip is allowed to open, 4
when the rail can be lifted, or disconnected; and turned down.
As a still further form, the clip part, which is carried by the lower rail, has
upon its side, an excentrically disposed trunnion, upon which the lower end of the
connection of the lee-rail, turns as a centre, whilst the upper part of the said con-
nection, may have a hook-shaped recess, which may take upon the front rail of the 4
side, as aforesaid.
To disconnect the lee-rail from its fastening, for turning down, turn back the
screw, when the lee-rail can be lifted by the excentric and rising movement of the
trunnion, which releases it, and then subsequently turned down.
In constructing or making up the siles, or the front sides of a berth framing, I 5
proceed as follows:-
I cast upon the two opposite ends of the primary railing, erect and inverted
Lshaped chills or castings, and from upper and head ends of which, parallel and
elevated supplementary rods are directed, thereby forming a compound or multiple
side, built up of a series of parallel rods or bars, separated from each other, and 5
with the upper ones, elevated from the plane of the berth framing.
When two elevated rods are used, in the multiple side, they are arranged parallel
A

page_text: to each other, and at a short distance apart, and with the inner one, inwardly over-
hanging the primary rail below them.
By employing a compound or multiple framing as described, lightness with
strength is obtained, and also an efficient and simple means of connecting lee-rails
to side framings.
The lee-rail is mounted upon the said multiple side, and affixed in position by
suitable devices, without necessarily employing pillars or upright castings at the
ends of the berth framing.
The supplementary- and elevated rods, which may be arranged grating-wise,
following each other horizontally or vertically, may if desired, be carried from
elevated corner blocks of the berth framing.
As a further form of this said multiple and side framing part. I arrange two or
more parallel and slender rods on the same plane as the sacking of the berth or bed
bottom, and arrange under, and at a short distance from the short rod as aforesaid,
a stouter and supplementary rail, and which multiple rails, are united together by
chills, at suitable distances apart, and with the ends of the front rails, taking into
the corner blocks and hanging bracket adjuncts of them..
In carrying out the third part of my invention, in connection with the stay rods,
primarily of distensible berth framings, and the object of which is to give to the
said rods great rigidity, I make the said stay rods or parts, lattice-like or trussed,
and composed of members, arranged parallel and angularly to the main or primary
rod.
In carrying out a compound and trussed rod or framing, according to my inven-
tion, I employ a primary length of tubing, with the ends cranked or bent inwardly
to an obtuse angle, and with the extremities of the angular or cranked parts
directed to the plane of the middle part, and which ends form gudgeons, which take
into sockets, carried by the sides of the fixed parts of the framing.
Directed outwardly from, parallel with, and at a short distance from, the said
primary tubing, is a rod member or bar, united to the primary one by transverse
struts, formed by chilled castings or otherwise.
Two of the said struts or distance pieces, are at the junction of the crank part,
with the middle straight part, and extending angle-wise from the ends of the rod
of the straight part, to the joint of the ends, or gudgeon parts, are secondary
members, or tie rod parts, hence a stay rod, built up or composed of a series of
parts, trussed, or arranged lattice-wise.
By constructing the said rods or frames, as described, great rigidity of the
structure is acquired, which will admit of the distensible sacking acquiring a high
tension and low depression.
By the ends of the trussed or compound stay rod, being carried within sockets,
the said rods admit of being turned flat to the berth framing, on transit.
In carrying out the fourth part of my invention, in connection with the sackings
of the said berth, to prevent sagging, I provide the boundary edges of the said
sackings, which are of the woven wire type or construction, with a tubular or
hollow hem, which when in position, passes over the longitudinal sides of the berth,
or over members constituting portions of the berth framing.
Or the longitudinal sides of the said sacking, may be connected to the sides of
the berth, by clips or clamps, secured to the said sacking sides, and passed over and
around the sides of the berth, or supplementary parts of them.
As a further arrangement, the inner edges of the berth framing, may be flanged,
or he provided with holes or eyelets, whereto the sides of the sacking may be
connected, by lacing or the like, and further, the said sides of the sackings may be
connected to the berth sides, by longitudinal clamping bars, between which, and
the said sides, the edges of the sackings, come.
As a further form of this part of my invention, the metal composing the boundary
edges of the sides, may be made of stouter material than the other part, that is to
say I make the coils of the boundary edges from stout wire, that is to say, I
intercoil or interlace with an ordinary coil, a second or third coil, or the secondary

page_text: coils may be passed within the outer and primary coils, hence imparting rigidity,
and sagging prevented.
The said boundary edging or border, may be connected to the sides of the berth
framing, by a claw-shaped clip.
2001
WILLIAM PARISH HOSKINS,
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Ships' and like Berths.
I, WILLIAM PARISH HOSKINS of Trinity Street in the City of Birmingham,
Ships' Berths Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to ships' and like sleeping berths, such for example as are
employed in ships' cabins and night travelling railway carriages.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, represents in cross section, a fold-up
ships' berth, constructed and arranged according to several former Patents granted
to me, and provided with lee-rail and inner end stay improvements, constructed,
arranged and fitted according to one form of my present invention.
The said berth lee-rail or front framings, and the inner end stay parts, are shown
in the positions which they normally assume, when the said ships' berth is in use.
Figure 2 represents partly in elevation, and partly in section, the said berth
folded, or turned up, into the position which it takes when not in use, and when
economy of space is required.
The loosely jointed members of the lee-rail part of the said fold-up structure,.
are shown hanging or depending parallel to, and against the underside of, the berth
framing, whilst the stay part, which is pivoted at its ends to the general side
framing brackets, is also shown turned to the same plane, so as to be out of the way,
when the berth is folded.
Figure 3 represents partly in front elevation, and partly in section, the said berth
framing lee-rail Figure 1, upon a reduced scale.
It also shows the berth fittings and pillar ends, and how the lee-rail is locked
or connected to the upright pillars, and further, it also shows the mountings of
the lee-rail connections with the front members of the berth framing.
The said lee rail is shown fitted in position upon the left-hand side of the berth,
whilst the dotted lines represent its position, or the position which it takes, when
passed to the right-hand side of the said berth.
Again, on the left hand side, the section part adjacent to the pillar, shows the
compound nature of the joints.
Figure 4 represents a front elevation of the stay at the inner end of the berth
framing, when the said stay is in its acting position, and the berth is in use, whilst
the sectioned ends of the framing, show the jointing of the said stay to them.
Thus, the framing consists of parallel members, chilled or connected together,
after the manner of a cranked girder.
The terminal ends of the said stay are made pivotwise, and turn loosely within
the bearings of the side frames.
By providing berth frames with girder stays, a very high tension admits of being
put upon the distended mesh, stretched between the sides of the berth.
Figure 5 represents a portion of one end of the lee rail, and fittings or cognate
parts, upon the same scale as Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 6 is a topside plan of Figure 5, and besides showing the disposition of
the parts relative to one another, it also shows the gapped or open-sided crown
cup, which takes upon the summit of the standing pillar.

page_text: Figure 7 represents a portion of the end of the lee rail, and pillar-adjunets of
the same, fitted or provided with a modified form of fastening means:
In this arrangement-n-T-ended summit or head, carried by a stalk, directed-up
the middle of the pillar, is substituted for-the-eup-capped-arrangement-of-the
preeeding figures.
Figure 2 is a topside plan of Figure 7, with the ball connection of the lee-rail-
end in section.
a is the berth framing, having ends a², made preferably of angle-metal, tubular
front rail n, and inner stay-rail c: o are pillars or uprights, directed vertically
from the corners of the front parts of the berth framing, while e are upright.
extensions at the corners of the inner part of the said framing, and which are
fitted or provided at their upper ends with pivots e², carrying rollers e³, which
traverse within the vertical box guides of carrier brackets f, secured by
flanges, to a cabin wall, or bulk head of a ship.
"
Jointedly connected to the upper and middle parts of the said brackets f, are
swinging radius bars y, jointedly connected at their upper ends g², to the swells f³,.
of the said brackets, while the lower ends of the said swinging radius bars 9,.
have slots g³, which take upon outstanding pins or studs a³, carried upon the outer
sides of the ends a², of the framing a, so that as the berth framing is tilted or
folded from the position Figure 1, to that of Figure 2, the inner end of its frame
turns upon the said pins a³, as centres of motion, slightly dips rearwardly, and
causes the rollers e³, to run down the slots f2, whilst the swinging radius bars I, first
swing outwardly, and then inwardly, hence the folding, turning up, and semi-
balancing of the berth framing.
Thus, when the berth framing a, is lifted from off the rest h, upon which the
opposite sides a², of it are supported, and in the direction as indicated by the arrow,.
the weight of the framing is entirely borne by the swinging radius bars g, which.
first oscillate outwardly, and by the angular movement made by the framing, allow
the rollers e, which are shown in Figure 1, coming against the crown blocking
stops, to work down the vertical guides or slots f2, hence the rising of the outer.
end of the framing carrying the lee-rail i, and the lowering of the inner end, and its
accessory parts.
The placing of the berth into a horizontal position for use, as in Figure 1, follows.
the converse action to that described in folding.
The stay bar arrangement c, at the inner end of the berth framing, which is, in
other words, a trussed rod or framing, consists of a downwardly cranked middle
part 2, inclined outer ends c³, with trunnion centres c³, working within bearings or
holes formed within lower extensions 6, on the undersides of the upright.
extensions e, of the berth framing.
³, care solid or other supplementary rods, running parallel with the middle
parts c², c³ of the upper rod, and united to them by chilled-in stays and junctions c², c³,.
hence a rail or stay-rod, composed of a series of members, and with the middle part
cranked downwardly, out of the way of the mesh, which, by its figure, allows the
said mesh to be distended downwards, without the possibility of the person lying
upon it, coming in contact with the metal of the said stay, and further, by making
the said stay up of a series of trussed parts, and of a cranked figure, the same is.
made of great strength, and is most eminently adapted for resisting great tensile
strain, put upon the framing of the berth, through the interposition of the mesh or
sacking which is marked j, and further, by fitting the ends pivotwise of the said
stay, within bearings, the same admits of being turned flat to the underside of the
mesh, when the berth is stowed away, or when in transit.
The lee-railing, or front framing part, which is marked i, consists of a series of
horizontal and vertically directed bars, united together preferably by chilled
junction pieces, and with the lower end portions, provided with depending arms ²,
having eyed bosses ³, taking upon a rod k, directed from, and supported by arms,
or crank arms l, at the ends and middle part of a revolving tube m, surrounding a
bar n, running the full length of the berth framing, and with the ends of the said

page_text: bar n, rigidly connected to the bases of pillars o, directed upwardly from the front
corners of the berth framing.
These pillars have semi-circular heads or summits o², with a screw pin o³, passing
centrally down the middles of their top parts.
p is a cupped attachment, carried at the opposite ends of the lee-rail framing i,
and which cups are provided with gaps p², (see Figure 6), for the taking of the
said ends, or the inverted cupped parts of them upon the pillars.
By the screwing home of the screw, pins, on the gaps of the cups taking around
the shanks of the screw pins, and when the said cups lie evenly upon the summits
of the pillars, the lée-rail becomes firmly affixed in an upright position.
The said lee-rail and fittings at the front of the berth framing thus consists of a
rod n, directed from end to end of the front of the berth framing, and encircled by
a tube m, carrying cranked or plain and fast arms 1, carrying at their lower ends, a
fixed and end-to-end rail, around which the eyed bosses i³, take, and upon which
they slide.
By applying upward pressure, or by the application of a lifting movement to the
lee-rail framing part i, after the unscrewing of the screw pin o, the tube m, with
its cranks or arms l, revolves about the rod n, as a centre of motion, whilst the rod k,
is turned forwardly, which allows the said lee-rail connecting arms or parts to be
removed clear of the primary front framing rod m, and by thus lifting the said lee-
rail, the cupped connection p, is removed from the stem of the pin o³, and at the same
time, from off the summit of the pillar o..
+
Thus, assuming the lee-rail to be in an upright and affixed position, as represented
in Figures 1 and 3, and the same requires to be placed in the position of the dotted
lines in the last named figure, then loosen the screw pin o³, and slightly lift the rail
outwardly and upwardly, when the cranked or arm parts 1, are pulled upwardly,
'and cause the tube m, to revolve around the rail n, as a centre of motion, when the
said rail can be either turned to hang down, or back, as in Figure 2 or be slid along,
then lifted into the position as in the dotted lines, and then fastened again to the
right hand pillar o', as already described with respect to the left hand pillar.
I wish it to be particularly understood that the important features of this
lee-rail, consist in the compound jointing of the same, or in other words, connecting
the lee-rail framing part to a supplementary frame, which admits of a turning
movement about a fixed rail as a centre, hence a crank or excentric movement, on
its connection and disconnection.
The depending rod k, in the said arrangements, may be employed for the hanging
of curtains or draperies, and instead of employing a continuous tube m, running
from end to end of the rod n, short sleeves or other tubular connections may be
employed instead, as hereinafter described.
Figure 6 represents one side of the front framing of a berth, without the rod k,
and the employment of standing-out horizontally directed pegs instead, and upon
which pegs the lee-rail lower parts take, so that the change of the lee rail from
the left hand side to the right, or rice-versa, is accomplished by removing the affixing
pins o³, pulling the lee-rail forward, and then lifting it upwards, and when clear,
sliding the same from off the pegs upon one side, and placing it upon the pegs of
the other side, prior to the adjusting and affixing.
carrying
In-the-lee-rail-fastening arrangement-Figures-7-and-S-i-is-the-lee-rail,
a--cupped--end-‐p; having a long rectangular piercing ²-upon its-underside,
wherethrough-the-T-terminn!--of-a-rotating top o' of the pillar-o-takes-and-is
operated-h-a-stalk-o³, taking down-a-hole in the axis of the pillar, and terminated
at-its-lower-end-by a turn-o'-by the rotation of which, the T-end-o³-is-made-to
eross;-or-become-coincident with the-piercing p²-of the hollow sphere--for-fastening
and-unfastening-
The other parts-are-marked-with-the-same letters of reference-us-the-like-view in
the preceeding figures-
Figure 9 represents another form of my invention for connecting the lec-rail to
the berth framing in an upright position. Figure 10 is the same, with the lee-rail

page_text: detached from its fastening means, while Figure 11 is a cross section of the same,
upon the dotted lines C D Figure 9.
is the lee-rail framing, having at both ends, a cap or inside coned socket p,
which is adapted to take upon coned terminals o², of upright pillars o, disposed at
the front corners of the berth framing.
are depending brackets or cranked arms, fixedly connected to said lee frame,
and with the lower terminal eyed parts 3, taking upon pegs or upon rods k, forming
a portion of the framing at the front of the berth.
7 is an arm, integral with the sleeve or outside tube m, taking upon an inside
tube or rod n, and which arm l, is connected crankwise to the rod k, and acts in
manner, as hereinbefore fully described, with respect to the preceeding figures.
03 is a sliding catch or lock, adapted to traverse the end of the rod k, and with
its hooked end or gapped part o, adapted to take over the neck of a screw pin q,
having upon it, a coned faced nut 2, which, when turned home, its said coned face q³,
takes into the clearance of the gap o, and so locks the parts, and prevents the
compound joint or joints of the lee framing from moving.
In Figure 10, the catch is shown hanging down, and with the inside coned
socket p, removed from the coned summit of the pillar, whilst the cranked arms,
brackets or the like, forming the compound joints, are shown clear of their con-
nections, which admits of the lee-rail sliding, or its position being changed.
It will be seen that the pulling forward and lifting of the lee-rail, takes the
rod k, into an elevated position, relative to the rods m and n, as seen in Figure 10.
Figure 12 represents another form of my invention, in connection with the
affixing of the lee-rail to the framing, or end pillars of the same.
a is the berth framing, o a pillar, i the lee-rail, and i¹ are rollers, carried by
studs, on the two opposite ends of the said lee-rail, and which rollers or studs
take into vertical slots o*, directed down the middles of the said pillars, and with
entrances o³, for gaining access to the said slots.
The other parts of the lee-rail are alike in principle to those described in the
preceeding figures.
The pulling forward of the lower connections of the lee-rail, and the lifting of
the same vertically, allows the roller part to be removed from the slot of the pillar,
hence the disconnection of the lee-rail from the framing, when the said lee-rail's
position requires to be changed, turned down, or reversed.
The connection of the lee-rail to the pillar of the framing, is performed by
lifting the lee-rail, and dropping the rollers or stud parts unto the slots or gaps o,
through the opening o³, when the said lee-rail falls into position, and is auto-
matically affixed thereby, by the lower framing rod k, falling lignable with the
tube within tube m, n, whilst the connection is made by the arms or parts 2, l, as
before.
2. F
i
+
Figure 13 represents a transverse section of a further means, constructed and
arranged according to my invention, for the affixing of the lee-rail to the berth
framing.
a is the berth framing, o'the pillars at the two front corners of the same, i is a
lee-rail, having at the middle parts of the two opposite ends of the same, rollers
and studs i, . The lower connection ends of the said lee-rail, have bossed eyes or
brackets 2, which encircle single frame rods or tubes n, which form the front, or part
of the front, members of the berth.
The pillar o is side, gapped at o, wherein the pin, with roller upon it, takes,
and is there affixed in position by the coned collar 7, of a nut o³, taking into a
like coned seating o; at the front entrance of 'the said gap o', so that by turning
the lee-rail upwards upon the rod or tuben as a centre, and passing the shank of
the screw, into the gap o, then by rotating the screw nut o, the coned collar o³,
takes into the like coned side entrance to the gap o, and thereby fixes or secures
the lee-rail in its upright position, and to the berth framing.
Figure 14 represents the upper portion of the pillar, and the screw fittings of the
rail, upon an enlarged scale.

page_text: Figure 15 represents a further form of means, constructed according to a further
form of my invention, for the securing of the lee-rails in a vertical position, and to
the berth framing.
Figure 16-is-a-vertical-section upon the dotted-lines-AB-Figure 15..
n is the front member of the berth framing, having, at its ends, or at the junction
of its ends with the sides of the berth, upright pillars o, with webs or outstanding
parts o, provided with vertical slots or races o, with mouth entrances o³.
i is the lee-framing, with one end having headed branches,, which take within
one or other of the slots or races o¹ at either end of the framing by dropping the
said lee-rail i, when the ends i, , are opposite the race o, when the same falls into
position. The lower rail 3, of the berth, rests upon a hooked shaped bracket i*,
carried by the front framing rod n.
To remove the railing, and to allow the same to turn down, or to be slid from one
side of the front of the berth to the other side, slightly raise the said rail, until the
branch or neck ', is clear of the top of the pillar or bracket o, still with the neck
or branch 2, located within the slot. Then allow the said lee-rail to fall to its
former position, when the same can turn down upon the rail ³, and the neck or
branch, as centres, and with the hook bracket, and the bottom of the slot o*, of
the pillar o, as bearings.
To re-affix the rail, again lift the same vertically, and pass the neck or branch i",
again through the mouth of the slot, when, on the releasing of the same, it becomes
affixed in its vertical position.
Figure 17 represents a further form of lee-rail affixing means, constructed
according to a modified form of the preceeding figures.
In this arrangement, the lower terminal branches of the lee-rail, turn upon the
lower number of a triple-member front berth framing, which is also constructed
according to my invention in connection with berth framings, and which said lee
framing is locked or secured to the two front members, or those members lying one
under the other, and in parallel order, by affixing and securing devices, carried by
the said lee-rail lower extremities.
Figure 18 represents a lower corner portion of the said lee-rail, and the corresponding
end of the triple-membered framing, showing more clearly the dispositions of the
parts, and the means for securing and locking the movable framing parts.
Figure 19 represents a transverse vertical section, upon the dotted lines E. F.
Figure 18, and with the parts in the positions which they normally assume when
the lee-rail framing is in use, and in an erect position.
Figure 20 represents a like section as Figure 19, but with the parts of the
securing and locking devices dislocated or let loose by the turning of the
operating screw, and with the lower extremities of the lee-rail, turned upon
the lower member of the triple framing, and from off, and clear of, the front top
member of the triple front framing.
Figure 21 is a perspective view of the triple members of the front framing
of the berth, showing the disposition of the said members with respect to each
other, and how the same are united together as one framing, by a chill casting,
or chill connection bracket.
Figure 22 is a cross section upon the dotted lines G H.
Figure 23 represents the locking device part of the affixing means, while
Figure 24 represents a separate view of the swivelling nut, employed in the said
locking device as aforesaid.
a', a, a are triplet members, united together by middle and end union castings
or chills a', a³, which constitute when combined, an open triplet framing, disposed
alike unto the members or webs of an angle framing.
The organization of the said framing produces a front or other frame, side or
part of a berth, having great strength, combined with lightness.
Besides the above named properties, the said framing, by its skeleton con-
stitution, has a light and more graceful appearance than single thick tubings or
rods, or flat angle bars.

page_text: i is a lee rail, with lower extremities, attachedly connected to the said front
framing by affixing and locking devices, comprising, of the one part, a front
cheek or face plate 3, having an upright long piercing, directed partially up
its middle, and a crown or semicircular seat, taking upon the top front
member of the said triplet framing.
Passing through the slot it, of the said depending part ³, is a capstan headed
screw pin r, with a coned facet r², shank 3, and an attached collar, and with the
said shank terminated by a screwed end, which takes within or through a
trunnion ended screw box s, capable of making an angular motion about the said
trunnion ends s² as centres, within hooked shaped bearings or recesses t², of a
back and jointed member t, which is jointed to a front member u, at its lower
end t¹.
The lower parts of the said jointed members t, u, which constitute an adjustable
clip, have seatings t³, u', respectively, adapted to embrace, and partially encircle,
the lower member a', of the triplet framing, and about which said lower member,
when the parts, are dislocated, the lee-rail and its parts are capable of rotating as
a centre.
The plate or cheek part 3, is capable of a sliding motion upon the face of
the jointed member u, which has a hole ², through it, wherethrough the shank³,
of the capstan headed pin r, passes, so that the said part 3, by its slot 4, is
capable of rising, and bringing forward or over the seat, clear of the rod
member a², of the triplet framing.
Thus, assuming the rail requires to be turned down or folded, and the connecting
and fastening parts to be in the positions which they assume in Figure 19, then
rotate the screw pin r, from right to left, when the stem end, is rotated partially
out of the screw box, when the whole of the parts of the clip comprised by the
members t and u are dislocated, and the pressure of their seats t³, u', the
upon
frame member a', of the triplet framing is relaxed.
The parts now being disorganized, the disconnection of the upper part of the
portion, with the top rod member a², is performed, by sliding upwardly the lee
rail, when the seat i, is taken from off the rod member a², and with the parts rear
of it, clear of the top of the same, when the said lee-rail admits of turning or folding
down, as represented in Figure 20.
The reverse action for locking and affixing is performed by first lifting the lee-
rail, then bringing the same erect, with the seat above the rod member a², when, by
the letting-go of the said lee rail, the parts .take their affixing positions as in
Figure 19, when by the turning of the head of the screw pin, the dislocated parts
are drawn together, and the same locked by the clamping of the members t and it,
around the rod member a¹, whereby the other embracing parts are prevented from
moving.
By employing triplet or, like framings as described, in connection with ships'
berths, no end pillars or upright castings are employed in the affixing of the lee rail
in its erect position.
Instead of employing three rods as described, four or other number may be
employed, arranged after the manner of a square, grating wise, or following each
other vertically or horizontally, and with the whole carried from end chills or
corners.
In Figure 24^, a back and separate view of the clip parts of the fastening means
is shown.
Figures 25, 26, 27 and 28 represent further means for securing lee rails of ships'
berths in their erect or using positions, in connection with triplet or like compound
membered framings.
The said views represent one corner only, and with the parts of the framings, and
the affixing expedients shown in transverse vertical section, and with portions of
them in elevation.
:
In Figure 25, which is a lifting device, a is the berth framing, a¹, a², a³ are
triplet rod members of the front framing, i.is the lee rail, one of the lower
B
.

page_text: extremities, and connected with the said lower extremity, is a hooked shaped part 1³,
with a seating, and with the lower end connected and jointed to a ring or collar u,
encircling the lower rod member a', and jointed at 2, to the lower extremity of the
said part 3, whilst passing through the said collar, is a set pin r, which, when
screwed home, clamps the said collar to the rod member it surrounds.
To remove and turn down the lee-rail, slacken the pin r, then lift the rail, with
its seating, clear of the rod a², when by the turning outwardly of the said rail, the
same can swing or turn down upon the said lower rod member as a centre.
The affixing and locking is performed by first lifting the rail, then dropping
the seat on the top rod member, and at the same time, rotating the collar around the
lower rod member, when by the screwing of the set pin up to its bearing, the whole
becomes locked.
In Figure 26, which is a modification of Figure 25, a is the berth framing,
a', a², a³, the rod members, i is the lee rail, the lower portion, 3 the lower hooked
part, with seat ; u is a clip encircling the rod member a¹, and jointedly connected
to the part 3, by a joint u. The said clip is composed of cheeks or clip
sides u, u, jointed together at u, and clamped and drawn together by a screw
pin, taking through a plain hole in the one, and into a screwed hole in the
other.
In Figure 27, which is also a lifting arrangement, and an amplification only of
the preceding Figures 25 and 26, a is the berth framing, with triplet rod
members a, a, a³; i is the lee rail, one of its lower extremities, and 3 a
hanging lower termination, with a hooked part , having a seat adapted to take
upon the upper rod member a².
u is a clip, composed of parts u', u³, jointed at u, and adapted to embrace
the lower rod a', and to be affixed thereto by the screwing home of the set
pin r.
In Figure 28, which is not a lifting arrangement, but still a modified form of
the immediate preceding figures, a is the berth framing, with triplet rod
members a', a², as, constituting the front of the same, i is a lee-rail, 2 the lower
portion of the same and 3 a depending extremity, having a seating, and a hole ³
formed within it.
u is a strap or jointed clip, composed of parts u, u², jointedly connected to each
other at us, and to the part ³, at u. r is a clamping screw pin, taking through the
hole of the one part, and into the screwed hole us, of the other part.
The screwing home or loosening of the set pin r, affixes or releases the
connection.
Figure 29 represents in front elevation, a lee-rail, or front berth framing,
constructed, arranged and fitted according to a further form of my invention.
Figure 30 is a transverse section upon the dotted lines I J, and with the said lee-
rail affixed in its erect position.
Figure 31 is a like sectioned view as Figure 30, but with the lee-rail framing
shown being turned down, to a level with the top of the berth framing.
a is the angle or bottom framing of the front of a berth, a² is an elevated rail
supported by end and middle pillars a³, a, i is a lee rail, mounted and swinging.
upon the top rail a², as a centre, and with the lower extremities 2, made forked or
eyed, and coming below, or on a level with the front of the berth framing a, and
upon or over a jointed screw pin and there affixed by a nut o', screwing upon the
said pin, and up to the forked or eyed ends *.
The centre bearings of the lee rail, which are in the form of bosses, are
marked i³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First In the mounting of ships' berth folding lee-rails, compound jointing the
said lee-rails, or the lower extremities of the lee rails, to the primary front railing
i
1

page_text: of the berth framing, that is to say, connecting the lee-rail to the framing, or front
framing of a berth, by a movable bearer rod, or by movable horizontal pegs or their
equivalents, through the intervention of cranked or short arms, connected and jointed
to primary framing, lee rail and bearer rod or pegs respectively, substantially as
described and set forth in Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 6ª. 7-and-S.
Secondly-In the mounting of ships' berth folding lee rails, jointedly connecting
the lower extremities of the said lee rails, to a radius moving rail, pegs or their
equivalents, which latter is, or are, in turn, jointedly connected to arms or cranks,
carried by a full length tube, or by short tubes, or by collars, turning and rotating
about a primary rail as a centre of motion, whereby the pulling outwards and lifting
of the said rail, allows the same to be disconnected from, or connected to, the
summit of a pillar or other upright casting or the like, carried by the framing of
the berth, substantially as described and set forth in Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and
6. and S.
Thirdly In the mounting, securing and releasing of ships' berth folding lee
rails, the construction and arrangement of the parts, comprising jointed lower
extensions of the lee-rail, movable bearer rods or pegs carried by cranked arms,
swivelling about the primary rail as à centre, securing and releasing inverted cup
means, with screw pin taking through gapped side of the said cups, and which parts
are arranged, combined, fitted and provided, and put into and out of position, in
manner and by the ways, substantially as described and set forth in Figures 1, 2, 3,
5, 6, and 6. and S.
Fourthly-In fastening means for ships' berth lee rails having a lifting action,
securing and releasing the lee-rails to and from their fixed supports by inverted
and slotted cupped attachments p, p², with screw pins o³, taking down the middle
of the summit of the supporting pillar, substantially as described and set forth in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6.
Fifthly In the fastening means for ships' berth lee rails having a lifting action,
securing andreleasing the came by a connection-p,p², and rotating head-o', o², sub-
stantially as described in Figures 7 and S.
Sixthly-Fifthly-In lee-rail fastening means having a lifting action, attaching
and detaching, and unfastening and fastening the same, by means substantially as
described and set forth in Figures 9, 10 and 11.
Seventhly Sixthly:-In lee-rail fastening means, having a lifting action, securing
and releasing the said lee-rails, by studs, rollers or extensions on the ends of the
same, taking into or being removed from, open entranced slotted parts, channels or
grooves, formed or made within pillars, uprights, connection castings or supports,
and which means are constructed, arranged and provided, as described and set forth
in Figure 12.
Eighthly Seventhly :-In fastening means for turn-down lee-rails, securing and
releasing the same by studs, rollers or outstanding parts, on the ends of the said
lee-rails, taking into open entranced gaps or cross slotted parts, formed or made
within uprights or pillars, carried by the main or principal framing of the berth, as
set forth in Figures 13 and 14.
Ninthly-Eighthly-In lee-rail fittings, fastening and securing lee-rails to the
front framing parts of ships' berths, by necked or branched extensions, at the ends,
or at one end of the said lee-rail, taking into vertical open entranced gaps, directed
down pillars, posts or castings, carried at one, or at both ends of the front framing,
and which parts are arranged, and the lee-rail affixed and supported, substantially
as described and set forth in Figures 15 and 16.
Tenthly Ninthly-In ships' berth lee-rails, or lee-rail mountings, mounting and
fitting swinging lee rails upon an elevated rail, bar or its or their equivalents, as
described and set forth in Figures 29, 30 and 31.
Eleventhly Tenthly -In securing swinging lee-rails, as described in the preceding
claim, by forked or eyed extensions of the lower parts, in combination with affixing
screws and nuts, arranged, combined and fitted as set forth in Figures 29, 30
and 31.

page_text: Twelfthly Eleventhly -In ships' berth framings, making up the sides, or making
the sides, or front sides of the same, of three or more rods, bars, tubes or angle
metals, separated from each other by intervening spaces, and connected together by
union castings, substantially as described and set forth in Figures 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
: 22, 25, 26, 27 and 28.
Thirteenth Twelfthly-In ships' berth framings, building up the sides, or the
front sides of the same, of a series of parallel rods, bars or angle lengths, to the
number of three, and arranged triangularly, and uniting the same together by end
and middle union chills or junctions, or by end chills, or middle chills only, as set
forth in Figures 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27 and 28.
Fourteenthly-Thirteenthly :-In mounting lee-rails upon multiple-membered sides,
-arranging, providing or fitting the lower terminal ends, feet or parts of lee-rails,
with adjustable clip connections, comprising sliding parts, jointed clips, and screw
pin or like expedient, as described and set forth in Figures 17, 18, 19, and 20,
whereby the said adjustable attachment admits of being connected, fastened and
unfastened, and the upper seating removed from the upper front member of the
said multiple framing, and the whole allowed to turn upon the lower rod member as
a centre, on the lee-rail requiring to be turned down, or moved from one side of the
berth framing to the other.
Fifteenthly Fourteenthly:-In the fittings of lee-rails of multiple-sided berths,
connecting or clamping the lower affixing portion or portions of the said means, by
hinged clamping devices, arranged in combination with a sliding upper part carried
by the berth framing, substantially as set forth in Figures 17, 18, 19, 20, 23
and 234.
Sixteenthly Fifteenthly:-In securing and releasing means of lee-rails, having
jointed section clamps, with sliding parts in connection with them, fitting or
providing the same with trunnioned screw boxes, wherethrough, or whereinto, the
"screwed end, or clamping screw pin takes, for the drawing to or together of the said
clamping parts, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth in Figures 19, 20,
24 and 23*.
Seventeenthly Sixteenthly :-In the securing and releasing means of lee-rails, the
construction and arrangement of the parts as described and set forth in Figures. 18,
19 and 20.
Eighteenthly Seventeenthly -In mounting, securing and affixing lee-rails having
a lifting action, to multiple membered frames, the construction and arrangement of
the parts, as described and set forth in Figures 25 to 27.
Nineteenthly-Eighteenthly -In mounting, securing and affixing lee-rails, having
a turn-down action, to multiple-membered frames, the construction and arrangement
of the parts, as described and set forth in Figure 28.
Lastly -In jointed, folding or other ships' berths, providing or fitting the
framings, or the opposite sides of the bottom framings, with trussed and tied
together cross rods, or built up frames, which are cranked or bent downwardly at
their middle parts, and with their ends pivotedly constructed to work within holes
or bearings formed within the fixed supporting framing, and which rod or frame is
constructed and arranged, as set forth in Figure 4.
Dated this 30th day of April 1892.
WILLIAM PARISH HOSKINS,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.