IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPINNING AND TWISTER RINGS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPINNING AND TWISTER RINGS, AND
IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by George Draper
Edmands, of Milford, Massachusetts, United States of America, Machinist.
Sealed the 22nd August 1879, and dated the 25th June 1879.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th June 1879.
"
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
SPINNING AND TWISTER RINGS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.” A communication
from abroad by George Draper Edmands, of Milford, Massachusetts, United States
of America, Machinist.
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of spinning and
twister rings, and to processes and tools employed therein; it consists, first, in
constructing a spinning or twister ring with one or more races or traveller
guiding flanges, formed upon and projecting inward from the body of the ring, the
said race or flange being made in the form of an annular segment of a cylinder
formed upon and extending around the end of the body of the ring with its outer
surface or periphery as viewed in cross section tangential to the outer perpen-
dicular surface of the main cylindrical wall of the ring as hereafter described.
It further consists in the combination in a spinning ring of a traveller race or
flange projecting inward from the main cylindrical portion of ring, the form of
which race or flange in cross section is a segment of a circle, or nearly so, the
outer periphery of which is tangential to the outer surface of the main cylindrical
portion of the ring and an outwardly projecting flat flange formed upon the other
end of the ring to serve as means for securing the said ring to the ring-rail.
It further consists in a spinning or twister ring formed from a flat piece of sheet
metal and provided with one or more races or traveller guiding flanges projecting
inward from the main cylindrical portion of the ring, and having an exterior
contour in cross section of a segment of a cylinder or scroll, the outer surface of

page_text: which is tangential to the outer surface of the main cylindrical portion of the
ring.
It further consists in a spinning ring formed from a flat piece of sheet metal
and provided at one end with an inwardly projecting race or traveller guide
Blange or bead, having an exterior contour in cross section of a segment of a circle
or scroll, the outer surface of which is tangential to the outer surface of the main
cylindrical portion of the ring, and at the other end with an outwardly projecting
flat annular flange, all formed from one piece of metal as hereinafter described.
It further consists in a novel construction and arrangement of male and female
shaping or forming and cutting dies, whereby a cup is first formed from a circular
disc of sheet metal, and by a continuation of the movement of the mail die the
bottom of the said cup is punched out making a clean circular cut of a diameter
coinciding with the interior diameter of the cup, and leaving the outer corner of
the tube from which the bottom is cut, rounded inward, and terminating in a sharp
edge coinciding with the interior diameter of the blank ring thus formed as herein-
after described.
It further consists in a novel construction and combination of moulding or
forming dies by the use of which the blank or partially-formed ring produced by
the dies first described may have formed upon one or both ends thereof a circular
bead-like race or flange by turning the end of the said blank or tube inward and
downward as more fully hereinafter described.'
It further consists in the process of forming spinning or twister rings from a
flat disc of sheet-metal by first forming from the said disc by means of suitable
male and female forming dies, a cup with or without an outwardly projecting
flange around its top; and having its sides parallel, or nearly so, to each other, or
of substantially a cylindrical form, punching out the bottom of the said cup, making
the cut on the circle coinciding with the interior diameter of the cylindrical portion
thereof, placing the blank or partially formed ring thus produced in a suitable
annular holder, and subjecting it to the direct pressure of forming dies applied in
a direction parallel with the axis of the ring, and adapted to engage and turn one
or both ends of the tube of the said blank inward and downward, to form upon
one or both ends of the said tube, a circular bead-like race or flange projecting inward
from the said tube, and having its outer surface in cross section tangential to
the outer surface of the cylindrical portion of the body of the ring.
It further consists in a ring having a cylindrical body struck up from sheet-
metal with or without an outwardly projecting flange at one end, and having at
the other end a traveller guiding flange or race projections in opposite directions
from the said cylindrical body formed by upsetting the end of said cylinder or tube
as hereinafter described.
It further consists in the process of forming spinning rings by first striking up
from a flat disc of sheet metal a cup with or without an outwardly projecting
flange around its top or mouth, punching out the bottom of the said cup, and at
the same time upsetting and moulding the metal not punched out so as to form
à cylindrical tube or having upon its end from which the bottom has been
punched an inwardly projecting annular lip or flange, having a thickness in the
direction of the length of the said ring greater than the thickness of the disc before
being drawn, upsetting the said thickened end of the tube or blank so as to form
thereon an outwardly and an inwardly projecting flange directly opposite each
other without seam or fold by direct pressure applied to the said tube or blank in
the direction of the length of its axis, while the said tube or blank is confined in
suitable holding and shaping dies.
It further consists in the process of constructing completed spinning rings
without the use of turning or cutting tools by first forming a cup from a disc of
sheet-metal, punching out its bottom to form an open ended tube having an
inwardly projecting lip at one end, and with or without an inwardly pro-
jecting flange at its other end, upsetting the end of the said tube which is provided
with the inwardly projecting lip to form thereon an outwardly and an inwardly

page_text: projecting flange opposite to each other, of even thickness, as above set forth,
rolling the said ring between pressure-rolls having their axes parallel with the
axis of the ring, and then hardening and polishing the same.
It further consists in the use in combination (for the purpose of forming a ring
blank of special form as the first operation in forming spinning rings from sheet
metal) of a female cutting die, a female forming die resting upon the female cutting
die and concentric therewith, having an interior diameter greater than the interior
diameter of the cutting die, and a male die or punch having its extreme end made
of a diameter to exactly fit the interior of the female cutting die, and the portion
above made of a diameter intermediate between the interior diameter of the cutting
dio and the interior diaincter of the female forming die as hereinafter described.
. It further consists in the use in combination (as the means for upsetting the end
of a tube for the purpose of forming thercon an outwardly projecting and an
inwardly projecting flange opposite each other) of a dio-holder provided with a
circular recess in its upper side, a male supporting die having a portion of its peri-
phery shaped to fit the interior of the lower portion of the blank ring or tube to
bo acted upon, and having formed in its upper corner an annular rebate; a female
supporting die made in two or more segments and having the lower portion of its
inner periphery formed to fit the lower portion of the exterior of the said blank
ring or tube, and having formed in its upper inner corner an annular rebate, and
a male heading or upsetting die, having formed upon its operating end an annular
downwardly projecting lip of a width and diameter adapted to fit and accurately
fill the space between the perpendicular walls of the robates formed in the malè
and female supporting dies as hereinafter described.
It further consists in the process of forming spinning rings by striking up in
suitable dies from a disc of sheet metal an open-ended tube or cylinder, with or
without an outwardly projecting flange at one end thereof, swaging tho unflanged
end of the said tube or cylinder to expand or contract it and throw the extreme
end portion thereof into a position inclined to the remaining portion, and then
break down and double the said swaged end of the tube by applying thereto
pressure in the direction of the height of the said tube while its base is firmly held
between suitable supporting and holding dies, so as to form upon the end of the
said tube or ring a double flanged race, projecting in opposite directions from, and
at right angles, or nearly so, to the main cylindrical body of the ring, one portion
of the said race flange being made by folding the thin metal of the tube upon itself
as hereinafter further described.
.
It further consists in a spinning ring made from sheet-metal and having a doublo
Banged race projecting in opposite directions from and at right angles, or nearly so,
to the cylindrical body of the ring, one portion of which is double, or composed of
two thicknesses of inetal folded upon each other as hereinafter described.
In the accompanying Drawings,-
Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of a ring-rail with two rings secured thereto.
Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line x, x, Figure 1, illustrating. one, form
of an improved ring.
:
Figure 3 is a section on the line 3, 3, Figure 1, illustrating another form of
improved ring adapted to be used as a twister ring or as a reversible spinning
ring..
Figure 4 is a similar section illustrating another form of improved spinning
ring.
J
Figure 5 is a plan of the female forming and cutting dies with the male die by
which the cup is formed from the flat disc, and the bottom is cut out in section.
Figure 6 is a vertical section on the line ', x, Figure 5, shewing the flat metal
disc in position to be acted upon by the male die when it descends.
:
Figure 7 is a partial central vertical sectional view drawn to an enlarged scale,
and showing the male die after it has descended and formed the disc into a cup and
in position to begin to cut out the bottom.
!...

page_text: L
f.
i
Figure 8 is a similar section shewing the male die in a still lower position after
having punched out the bottom of the cup..
Figure 9 is an inverted plan of one portion of the holding down-guard or
plate.
Figure 10 is a central vertical section of a holder and shaping dies for. 'forming
an improved race on one end of a ring that has an outwardly projecting, flange
formed upon its opposite end with the blank placed in the holder, and the malė
forming die in position before commencing to act thereon.
Figure 11 is a similar section of the same parts after the male die has descended
and completed the operation of formning the race-flange.
Figure 12 is a central vertical section of a modification of the race-forming diés
in position for commencing the operation, and adapted to form an improved race
upon both ends of a plain tube.
Figure 13 is a similar section of the same tools after the reciprocating forming
die has descended and completed the operation of forming the races.
Figuro 14 is a central vertical section of another modification of the race-forming
dies adapted to form an improved race upon one end of an unflanged tube.
Figure 15 is a vertical section through a ring-rail and ring showing another
form of an improved ring made from sheet-metal.
Figure 16 is a similar vertical section showing another form of ring made from
sheet-metal.
Figure 17 is a plan of a set of dies for performing the first operations in the
construction of spinning rings such as shown in Figure 16 from sheet-metal.
Figure 18 is a central vertical section of the same on the line x, x², Figure 17.
Figures 19 and 20 are partial sections of the same drawn to an enlarged scale
and illustrating two different positions of the male die and the consequent results
thereof upon the sheet-metal being operated upon.
Figure 21 is a central vertical section of improved dies for completing the
operation of shaping a spinning ring from sheet-metal by upsetting the end of a
blank ring or tube.
Figure 22 is a partial sectional view of the same drawn to an enlarged scalo and
shewing the male die in the position it occupies when it has completed its work of
forming the double race flange. :
Figures 23 and 24, are a plan and an inside elevation of one of the segments of
the blank or tube supporting die..
3.
Figures 25 and 26 are an end elevation and a central section of a pair of rolls
and illustrate their application to the rolling of the spinning ring after it has been
shaped in the dies.
Figure 27 is a central vertical section of a short open ended tube from which
another form of spinning ring may be produced.
Figure 28 is a central vertical section of a swaging die and the same tube after
the operation of swaging has taken place..
Figure
29 is a central vertical section of the dies for forming the double flanged
race in one position.
Figure 30 is a partial sectional view of the same in another position.
Figure 31 is a similar sectional view illustrating a modification of the dies
'adapted to forming the race flanges upon a ring provided with the base flange.
"
Figure 32 is a plan of a portion of the ring-rail with two rings mounted thereon,
each ring being secured to said rail in a different manner.
Figure 33 is a transverse vertical section on the line ³, ³, Figure 32.
Figure 34 is a similar section on the line 3', y', Figure 32.
:
Figure 35 is a central vertical section of a modified form of an improved spinning
ring, and
Figure 36 is a central vertical section of a modified form of the swaging die,
illustrating its operation upon the plain tube to prepare it for making the form of
ring shown in Figure 35.

page_text: In Figures 1 to 14 A is the ring rail provided with the usual openings through
its top plate above which is supported the ring in any well known manner.
a is the cylindrical portion or barrel of the ring; b is the raco or traveller
guiding flange or bead made cylindrical, or nearly so, in cross section, with its
outer surface tangential to the outer surface of the barrel a and projecting inward
therefrom as shewn.
This race b may be formed upon one end only of a plain tube, as shown in
Figure 4, and the ring be held in a separate holder B, or the race may be formed
upon both ends of a plain tube to which is secured, or upon which may be formed
the centrally located and outwardly projecting annular flange c, by which and
the screws d, d, passing through said flange, the ring may be secured to the ring
rail, or the race 6 may be formed upon one end of a tube a, upon the opposito
end of which is formed the outwardly projecting annular flange e, as shown in
Figure 2.
The flange c on the ring shewn in Figure 3 may be dispensed with, and tho
double race ring may be held in the holder B, shewn in Figure 4, or in any other of
the well known holders now in use, the ring boing made of suitable height for a
spinning ring.
Theso several forms of rings may be made in the usual manner from a metal
forging by turning them to the desired shape in a lathe, or from a flat disc of sheet
metal by mcans of discs, as will be hereinafter described; the latter is preferable,
for the reason that very much better rings can be produced from sheet metal at
considerable less cost than by the forging and turning process.
In manufacturing rings of the forms above described from sheet metal, the
dies shown in Figures 5 to 14 are brought into requisition. A is the male
forming and cutting die or punch; B¹, the female forming or shaping die; C,
the female cutting die; D, the female die-holder; and E, E, two semicircular
holding-down platos, all combined and arranged relative to each other, as shewn in
Figures 5 and 6.
The male die or punch A¹, in practice, is provided with a suitable shank or stem
(not shown), by which it may be firmly attached to the reciprocating plunger or
cross-head of any suitable press, and has its lower peripheral corner a¹ rounded, as
shown, for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.
The die-holder D has formed in its upper side a circular recess to receive the ring
cutting and shaping dies C and B¹, and a smaller circular opening b¹ extending
through its centre for the passage of the disc of metal punched from the bottom of
the cup, as will be hereinafter described.
The die-holder D also has formed in its outer periphery a circumferential groove
to receive the semi-anuular lip d' of the semi-circular holding-down plates E, E, a
space being left between the plates E, E, and the upper sides of the female forming
die B' and die holder D, about equal to the thickness of the sheet metal disc f
which is placed therein, as shown in Figure 6.
The female cutting die C is made in the form of a ring with its inner periphery
at right angles to its upper surface, and is placed in the bottom of the recess formed
in the upper side of the holder D, and the female forming or shaping die B¹ is
placed upon the cutting die C, and has its inner periphery made of a diameter equal
to the diameter of the inner periphery of the cutting dio C, plus twice the thick-
ness that it is desired to make the cylindrical walls of the spinning ring, and its
upper inner corner g' is rounded, as shewn in Figures 6, 7, and 8.
These tools are designed to perform by a downward movement of the male die
the first two operations in the process of forming spinning rings from a flat disc of
sheet metal, viz., forming a cup from said disc, and then punching out the bottom
of said cup, thereby producing a tubular blank, from which by an after operation a
completely shaped spinning ring may be formed of an improved pattern, and their
operation is as follows:-
The disc of sheet metal having proviously been cut by suitable dies in a well

page_text: known manner to a circular form of the desired diameter to form a ring with an
outwardly projecting flange h, see Figures 7, 8, 10, and 11; it is placed in position,
as shewn in Figure 6, when the male die or punch A' is made to descend to the
position shewn in Figure 7, forcing the centre of the disc f downward, and drawing
or stretching the metal thereof between the points a¹ and g¹, and causing said
metal to be drawn tightly over the corner g' of the female forming die B¹, and
around the rounded lower corner a' of the male die or punch A', as shown in
Figure 7.
When the dic -A¹ has descended to the position shewn in Figure 7, the outer
surface of the metal cup formed by such descent comes in contact with the inner
upper corner of the female cutting die directly beneath the periphery of the
male die A¹, and where said metal cup is curved to fit the rounded corner of said
inale die.
The diameter of the male die A' being made exactly the same as the inner
diameter of the cutting die, a further downward movement of the male die will
punch the bottom i of the cup out on a line exactly coinciding with the periphery
of the inalo die, and the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion of the cup,
leaving the outer corner of the open ended tube thus produced rounded inward to
a sharp edge, coinciding with the circle of cut in punching out the bottom, as shewn
at a in Figure 8.
In Figures 10 and 11 are shown the dies or tools for forming the race or traveller
guiding flange on the blank or partially formed ring, produced by means of the
tools herein before described. In these Figures,――
F is a die-holder, provided with a circular recess j in its upper side, and a central
opening extending through the same, concentric with said recess j, and also pro-
vided with a series of push-pins, k, connected by a ring k³, so that said pins may
all be moved upward together, for the purpose of forcing out the completed ring and
its enclosing die.
G is a steel ring, having its inner periphery and under sido to exactly fit the
outer surface of, and enclose the blank or partially formed ring a², g, h, and its
outer periphery made to fit closely the recess ; in the die holder F, said ring dio
being made of a height somewhat greater than the extreme height of the blank a³,
g, h, as shewn in Figure 10.
'
His a supporting and shaping die, provided with a shank H¹ to fit the opening 1,
a shoulder to rest upon the bottom of the recess j of the die-holder F, and having
its periphery shaped to fit the interior of the flanged end of the blank a³, g, h, but
made of less height than said blank, and having formed upon the extreme outer
edge of its upper surface an annular groove t, the outline of which when seen in
cross section is a segment of a circle, the outer portion of which forms an acute
angle with tho perpendicular outer surface of the die H.
I is the male die, to be provided with a shank or other suitable means of securing
it to the reciprocating plunger or cross head of a suitable press (not shown), and
made of a diameter to accurately fit the opening through the ring die G, and having
formed in the extreme outer edge of its under surface an annular groove m, semi-
circular in cross section, and so arranged relative to the outer periphery of the die I.
that the outer wall of said groove forms an acute angle n with outer perpendicular
surface of said die, as shown in Figures 10 and 11.
The blank or partially formed ring a³, g, h, being placed between the ring G,
dio H, and holder F, as shown in Figure 10, and the die I being moved downwards
it enters the opening in the die G, the acute angled outer corner n passing between
the inner surface of said dio G and the outer rounded or bevelled surface a² of the
upper end of blank a², g, h, causing said upper end of the blank to be turned
inward and downward, following the curvo of the walls of the groove m as the die
I continues to descend till the sharpened end a² of said blank comes in contact with
the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of said blank and the bead-like flange o
is pressed between the annular grooves tand m, formed respectively in the dies H
and I, as shown in Figure 11.

page_text: The spinning ring is now completely formed, and only requires to be tempered
or hardened and polished in the usual manner to be ready for service.
If it is desired to form a twister-ring or a reversible spinning ring, provided with
the above described improved race or traveller guiding flange upon each end thereof,
a plain open-ended tube p of suitable length to form a ring of the desired height is
first drawn; its two outer corners are bevelled to an angle of about forty five
degrees, as shown in Figure 12; said tube p is then placed in the chamber of the
female die or blank-holder J, in the bottom of which is placed a circular dio or
plate K, the upper surface of which is provided with an annular groove q of exactly
the same form, and arranged in the same manner relative to the periphery of said
die as the groove m in the die I before described, and this die I is used in precisely
the same manner in connection with these tools as in connection with the ring die
G and supporting die H before described, except that it has double the downward
movement after it comes in contact with the upper end of the tube p that it had in
forming the single race upon the ring previously described, such downward move-
ment causing the upper end of the tube p to be turned inward and downward by
its contact with and slipping around the curved walls of the groove m in the die I,
while the lower end of the tubo p is similarly turned inward and upward, by being
forced into and around the walls of the groove q, thus forming a bead-like inwardly.
projecting flange o at each end of the ring, as shewn in Figure 13.
Instead of making the die I move as far as above described, power may be applied
to both the die I and the die K, causing them to move toward each other at a
uniforin rate of speed, in which case the die I would move the same distance as in
the caso of forming the single flange heretofore described.
In Figure 14 is shown a modification of the ring-die G and supporting die H,
shewn in Figures 10 and 11, for the purpose of forming a single race upon an
unflanged tube, the operation of which will be obvious from the description already
given.
I will now describe the modification of this Invention, illustrated in Figures 15
to 26 of the Drawings.
Figures 15 and 16 shew sections of two modified forms of spinning rings made
from sheet metal by means of the dies and tools illustrated in the other Figures.
In Figures 17 and 18 are shown a set of dies for forming a ring blank or partially
formed ring from a disc of sheet metal, said dies being of the same general character
and form as those shewn in Figures 5 and 6, with the exceptions that there is a
greater difference between the inner diameters of the female forming die B¹ and the
female cutting die C, and the male die or punch E is made of two diameters, its
extreme end being made to fit accurately the cutting die C and its upper portion of
a diameter intermediate between the inner diameters of the female forming die B¹
and the female cutting die C.
The next operation is performed by the dies illustrated in Figures 21, 22, 23, and
24, in which F is the die-holder, and k, k, the push-pins connected by, the ring k¹,
all constructed substantially the same as the corresponding devices in Figures 10
and 11, and G¹ is a male supporting die, fitted by its shank to the central opening
in the die-holder F, with its shoulders resting upon the bottom of the recess in said
holder, the lower portion of that part thereof which projects above the bottom of
eaid recess being made of a shape and diameter to accurately fit the lower portion
of the interior of the blank or partially formed ring H', shewn in Figure 21, and
has formed around its extreme upper end the annular rebate d³.
A female supporting die, composed of two or more segments I', I', having the
lower portions of their inner surfaces shaped to fit the interior of the blank H',
and an annular rebate e formed in their inner upper corners is fitted to and rests
in the recess of the die-holder F, as shown, the under surface of said segments I¹, I',
being varied according as to whether the blank H¹ is made with or without an
outwardly projecting Hango f¹.
J' is the male heading or upsetting die, made cylindrical in form and provided.

page_text: with a shank (not shewn) or other suitable means, for securing it to the plunger or
cross-head of a suitable press (also not shown).
The lower or operating end of the die J has formed therein a circular recess con-
centric with the outer periphery of the die, so as to form around the outer edge of
its end face a downwardly projecting annular lip g², the under surface of which may
be made the counterpart or reverse of the shape that it is desired to give to the
upper face of the traveller face of the spinning ring, that is, if it is desired to
make the upper surface of the race convex in cross section, the under surface of
the lip g² should be made concave, said lip being made of a thickness just
equal to the distance between the vertical walls of the rebates d³ and e², as shown
in Figure 21.
In Figures 25 and 26 are shewn a pair of rolls Li and M, tho peripherics of which
are made to fit respectively the outer and the inner surfaces of the cylindrical body
and the race flange h', h³, of the spinning ring, as shewn, said rolls being mounted
upon. suitable shafts (not shewn), and forced towards each other by screws or other
well known means (not shewn) to give the desired pressure to properly smooth the
surface and condense the metal of the ring.
The operation of the dies and tools illustrated in Figures 17 to 26, and the
process of making spinning rings from sheet metal thereby, are as follows:-
The disc of sheet metal being placed in position upon the female forming die B'
and beneath the male die E, as shown in Figure 18, the die E descends to the posi-
tion shewn in Figure 19, when the flat disc is transformed into a shallow cup by
its central portion being carried downward into the forming die B¹, drawing
the metal over the rounded corner of said die, and reducing it in thickness from
the upper corner of said die to the shoulder a³ on the male die E, as shown in
Figure 19.
A continuation of the downward movement of the disc E acting in conjunction
with the cutting die C cuts out the bottom of the cup, and upsets and moulds the
metal contained in the chamber between the shoulder a³ of the male die E and tho.
upper surface of the cutting die C into the form shown in Figure 20, when the die E
has completed its downward movement, and a ring blank H of the form shown in
Figuro 20 is completed.
This blank is next placed upon the male supporting and forming die G', and the
segments I, I', are placed around the blank, and the whole is placed in the die-
holder F beneath the male upsetting or heading die J', as shown in Figure 21.
-
The lower portion of the blank H is firmly supported between said male sup-
porting die G and segments I, I, up to a point on said blank where it is desired
to form the under side of the race flanges, the upper edge of said blank (provided
with the inwardly projecting lip h³ of a thickness in the direction of the length of
the blank greater than the thickness of the disc from which said blank was formed)
occupying the annular space between the perpendicular walls of the rebates d³ and
6², as shewn.
".
A downward movement of the male die J¹ causes the annular lip g³ formed
thereon to enter and close the upper part of the annular groove or space formed by
the rebates d³ and ea before it comes in contact with the upper edge of the blank H³,
as shown in Figure 21.
A further downward movement of the die J1 from the position shewn in Figuro
21 to the position shewn in Figure 22, causes the upper edge of the blank H' to be
upset and flattened out to the full width of the annular space between the perpen-
dicular walls of the rebates d² and e³, thus forming the race-flanges h¹ and h³ pro-
jecting respectively outward and inward from the cylindrical body of the ring, as
shewn in Figure 22.
The ring thus formed is then subjected to the action of the pressure rolls L and
M to smooth its surface and condense the metal in the manner illustrated in Figures
25 and 26, after which the ring is hardened and polished in a well known manner,
and it is then ready for use,

page_text: In Figures 27 to 36 of the Drawings I have illustrated another method of pro-
ducing spinning rings from sheet-metal of the forms shown in Figures 32, 33, 34,
and 35.
To produce rings of the forms shewn a plain tube O is first formed by striking it
up in dies in a well known manner.
The tube is then subjected to a swaging operation by forcing the die P into it to
spread it, as shewn in Figure 28, or by forcing upon it the die B' to contract it, as
illustrated in Figure 36.
The tube thus expanded or contracted is then placed between the male and female
supporting dies G' and I', mounted in the die-holder F, and beneath the male die J',
provided with the annular downwardly projecting lip g³, as shown in Figuro 29,
said dies, shewn in Figure 29, being constructed substantially like those shewn
in Figure 21.
As the die J is moved downward it strikes upon the upper end r of the tube O,
which is inclined outward, as shewn in Figures 28 and 29, or inward, as shewn in
Figure 36, and as the wall of the rebate e in the one case, or the wall of the rebate
d³ in the other case, will prevent the said inclined portion of the tube from being
thrown outward or inward to a greater distance from the perpendicular portion of
the ring, and as that part is compelled to move downward with the die J, it follows
that the convex side of the curved inclined portion of the tube will be thrown out-
ward or inward towards the perpendicular wall of the rebate opposite to the one
against which the extreme end of the tube bears as it is being forced downward,
causing a doubling or folding of the metal at 8, as shown in Figures 33, 34, and 35,
and the part 7, 8, is pressed down into a horizontal or nearly horizontal position
and at right angles to the cylindrical body t of the ring, and projecting about equal
distances upon each side thereof, as shown.
If it is desired to form a ring having a base flange h, as shewn in Figure 34, it is
only necessary to use a larger disc of sheet metal to form the tube, and not draw it
all into the female drawing die, in a manner well known in the art, and the after
operations are precisely the same as above described, except that the female sup-
porting die I must be made in two or more segments to enable it to be removed
from the ring after it is completed.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. A spinning or twister ring having at one or both ends thereof a traveller
race or flange of a circular, bead-like, or scroll form in cross section projecting inward
from and having its outer surface tangential to the outer surfaco of the main cylin-
drical portion of the ring, substantially as described.
Second. A spinning ring having at one end thereof a traveller race or flange of a
circular, bead-like, or scroll form in cross section, with its outer surface tangential
to the outer surface of the main cylindrical portion of the ring, and projecting
inward therefrom, as set forth, and an outwardly projecting annular flange around
the opposite end thereof, all formed from one piece of metal, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
Third. A spinning or twister ring made of sheet metal and provided with a cir-
cular bead-like traveller-race or flange at one or both ends thereof, formed by
bending the end of a thin tube inward and downward, substantially as shewn, and
described for the purposes specified.
Fourth. A spinning ring inade from sheet metal, provided with an outwardly
projecting flat flange at one end, and an inwardly projecting bead like flange at the
other end, having a circular or scroll like outline in cross section, formed by rolling
the end of a thin tube inward and downward, substantially as described.
Fifth. The combination of the round cornered male die A', the female forming
die B, having an inner diameter in excess of the diameter of the male die, and its
inner upper corner rounded as set forth, and the female cutting die C, placed directly
beneath and supporting the die B', and having an inner diameter exactly corres

page_text: ponding to the diameter of the dio A¹, all 'arranged and adapted to operato to form
an open ended tube with or without an outwardly projecting flange at one end and
having its other end rounded inward to a sharp edge, substantially as and for the
purposes described..
.
TI
Sixth. The combination of the ring-die G, supporting die H, provided with the
annular curved bottom groove in the oxtreme outer edge of its upper face, and the
die I, provided with the annular groove, semi-circular in cross section, formed in the
extreme outer edge of its lower face, with the outer wall of said groovo forming an
acute angle with the outer or cylindrical surface of said die, all arranged and
adapted to operate substantially as and for the purposes described.
Seventh. The combination of the male dio I and bed die or plate K, both mado
of the same diameter, and each provided in its end or flat face with an annular
semi-circular groove, so arranged thereon that the outer wall of the. said groovo
forms an acute angle with the cylindrical surface of its die, and the supporting
female die or ring J, all arranged and adapted to operate to form a circular bead-like
flange upon both ends of a plain tube, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
Eighth. The process herein set forth of producing spinning or twister rings from
a disc of sheet metal consisting in forming from the said disc a cup having cylin-
drical or nearly cylindrical sides, with or without a flange around its upper end,
punching out the bottom of the said cup on a line coinciding with the inuer
periphery thereof, and leaving a sharp edge upon the tube thus formed, and then
applying pressure to the said tube in the direction of its length to turn one or both
of its ends inward and toward the opposite ends to form a circular bead-like flange
upon one or both ends thereof, substantially as and for the purposes described.
Ninth. A spinning ring formed from a flat disc of sheet metal, having its cylin-
drical portion of a single thickness, and a double flange projecting in opposite direc-
tions from and at right angles to the cylindrical body of the said ring, all forming
one homogenous structure without joint, seam, or line of division, substantially as
shown and described.
Tenth. A spinning ring formed from a flat disc of sheet metal, having a cylindrical
body, an outwardly projecting flange at one end, and an outwardly and an inwardly
projecting flange to form a race at its other end without joint or seam of any kind,
Bubstantially as herein described and as shown in Figure 16 of the Drawings.
Eleventh. A spinning ring having outwardly and inwardly projecting flanges at
one end, and with or without an outwardly projecting flange at its other end, mado
from a flat disc of sheet metal by first forming an open ended tubo and then up.
setting the end of said tube to form the double race flanges, substantially as herein
set forth.
· Twelfth. The process herein set forth of forming spinning rings from sheet metal,
consisting in striking up from a flat disc of sheet-metal a cup with or without an out-
wardly projecting flange, punching out the bottom of the said cup, and forming upon
the inner edge of the ring-blank thus formed a lip having a vertical thickness greater
than the thickness of the disc from which the said cup has been formed, and then up-
setting and flattening out the said thickened end by applying direct pressure thereto
in a direction parallel to the axis of the said blank-ring, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
Thirteenth. The process of constructing spinning rings by first forming from a disc
of sheet metal a cup, with or without an outwardly projecting flange, punching out
the bottom thereof, forming upon the inner side of the ring-blank thus formed a
lip having a vertical thickness greater than the thickness of the disc from which
the cup was formed, upsetting and flattening out the said thickened end by direct
pressure to form a double race-flange projecting in opposite directions from the
cylindrical portion of the ring, and then rolling the said ring under pressure, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes specified.
Fourteenth: As a means of forming a ring-blank from sheet metal, from which to
make a spinning ring by an after operation, the combination of the female cutting die

page_text: C, the female forming dieB', having an interior diameter greater than the cutting die
B placed above, concentric with and resting upon the said cutting die, and the male
die E having its extreme lower end made of a diameter to just fit the female cutting
die C, and its upper portion made of a diameter intermediate between the diameters
of the interiors of the female cutting and forming dies, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
Fifteenth. The combination of the die-holder F, male supporting die G', provided
with the rebate, the annular supporting die, composed of two or more segments and
provided with the rebate and the male die J', provided with the annular lip, all
constructed, arranged, and adapted to operate substantially as and for the purposes
described.
Sixteentb. The process herein set forth of forming spinning rings from sheet metal
by first striking up an open ended tube with or without an outwardly projecting
flango at one end from a disc of sheet-metal swaging the unflanged end of the said
tube to throw its extreme end into a position inclined to the main cylindrical por-
tion, and then breaking down and doubling the said swaged end by applying
pressure thereto in a direction parallel to the axis or cylindrical portion of the tube,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
Seventeenth. A spinning ring made from sheet metal, having a double flanged race
projecting in opposite directions from and at right angles or nearly so to the
cylindrical body of the ring, one portion of which race is double or composed of
two thicknesses of metal folded upon each other, and the other portion is of a
single thickness, substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
W. ROB. LAKE. (L.S.)