Improvements in Rolling Metals.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1896
Improvements in Rolling Metals.
ALBERT COOPER Iron Merchant Temperance House High Street Blackheath
Staffordshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
In the manufacture of swage work, the article in process is placed between two
dies, and beat into the required shape and size by the operator, he, whilst this
process is going on, revolving the metal, so that every part of the engraving in the
dies shall be completely and exactly filled.
To make this kind of work more expeditiously and at the same time to give it a
smoother surface I have conceived the idea of using three rollers (all rotating in
one direction) one over two. The latter having a rising and falling motion.
When they are down, the metal to be swaged is placed between them, the rollers
rise (revolving rapidly, and thereby causing the metal to revolve) and force it into
shape and size by coming into contact with the top roller,-then they fall, and the
article (now finished) is thrown out by the operator. A full and detailed
description I now append.
1 is the bed of the machine. 2 are four vertical bars of flat steel, (or any other
suitable metal) two in the front and two in the back, three bolt holes in each bar,
the four top bolts 3, one for each two parallel holes, uniting the four bars, the two
bottom, 4, running through the two plates (hereinafter described) and front bars
only.
Pinned to the front of the front pair of bars by means of the six bolts, is a
plate 5, and resting on the bolts, between the front and back bars is another
similar plate 6.
Both of these plates are shaped so as to admit of two sets of bearings each, the
top set 7, being fitted with one bore each, and the bottom 8, more clearly shown in
Fig. 3, are fitted with two bores each.
Through each pair of bores, one in each plate, runs a roller 9, on the face of
which is turned the pattern of exactly opposite the article I want to make, i.e. if
I want to raise a collar in. broad, and in. deep on a piece of iron, a groove
in. broad and in. deep is turned out of each roller, and so on with other articles.
Those ends of the rollers facing the back part of the machine are fitted with
straight toothed cogs 10.
The plates are kept the required distance apart by tubes 11 exactly fitting the
bolts, and similarly with the space between the back plate and the back bars.
Between each pair of the steel bars 2 lying on the face of the machine, rest two
plummer blocks 12, carrying the main shaft 13. Behind plummer block 12 and
keyed to the main shaft, are two cams 14. 15. (14 being keyed directly under-
neath the two plates 5 and 6, and 15 just outside plate 6. On the face of each there
works a bracket 16, the upper part over cam 14 supporting the two bottom rollers.
Behind plate 6, and pinned to the supports 17. more clearly shown in Fig. 7
resting on the four top bolts, there rises a vertical shaft 18, on the lower end of
which is keyed a bevel cog wheel 19. Immediately above this latter, the shaft is
slotted 20, on which part there works another bevel wheel 21, working in the
slot 20, thus allowing it when in motion to slide up and down the shaft.

page_text: 21 works the bevel cog 22, this latter being keyed to one end of the shaft 23, on
the other end of which is keyed a straight toothed cog 24, this cog working the
two cogs 10 on the two bottom rollers 9, causing them to revolve. This shaft is
held by plummer blocks 24 and 24ª bolted to that part of the bracket projecting
behind plate 6, and supported by cam 15.
Keyed to the top of the vertical shaft is another bevel cog 25, this wheel
working 26. 26 being keyed to one end of a shaft 27, on the other end of which
is keyed a straight toothed wheel 28, this cog working the cog on the top roller,
causing it to revolve. Shaft 27 being supported by plummer blocks 29 and 30,
bolted to a support 31, connected with the two top bolts, so that when the machine
is in motion, the rollers revolve in one direction, the top one being stationary, and
the two bottom having a rising and falling motion.
Behind cam 15, keyed to the same shaft, is a large bevel cog wheel 32, driving
the vertical shaft 18, and behind this wheel, is the spur cog 33, which receives its
motion from the counter shaft 34, on which is a pinion 35, the fast and loose
pulleys, and the fly wheel.
The bracket 16 is kept in position by a rod 36, attached to the front part of the
bracket, working in a guide block 37, attached to the side of one of the front bars,
and by a guide block 38, attached to the back of the bracket, and working upon
the vertical shaft 18.
The eccentrics cause the brackets to rise and fall, and as the two bottom rollers
are attached to this bracket, they also rise and fall, causing the bearings of the two
bottom rollers which are guided by the four shafts 39 (two to each plate) to have
a corresponding motion, the whole working in uniform with that part of the
machine working upon and connected with the vertical shaft 18, which is held in
position by plummer blocks 40. 41, bolted to the support 17.
Between the two bores of the bearings 8, Fig. 3 is another bore, through which
runs the shaft 42 Fig. 4. one end exactly fitting the angle made by the three
rollers, the other end taking an hooked shape, to admit of it being drawn back-
wards. On the same shaft are two movable collars 43 44, one each side of the
bearings 8.
To the front of the bearings underneath the bore just described, is fixed a flat
spring 45, in shape like a fork, gripping the outside collar 43, and pressing it close
to the bearings 8, and consequently causing the end of the pin purposed to fit in
the angle of the rollers, to move close to the metal being swaged by the rollers.
As they close, the iron is lengthened, and consequently forces the pin back to the
inner collar 44, which is gauged according to the length of the article wanted. A
similar pin, acting similarly, is attached to the back bearings.
When swaging sockets for tubes, and such like articles, these pins and springs
are dispensed with.
When making an article that requires four points, corners, or such like, (or in
the ratio of four) swaged upon the face of it, four rollers are used, two at the top
and two at the bottom (plates to correspond being used) the two top rollers being
then revolved by the straight toothed cog 28 on the shaft 27.
Fig. 5 is a lever attached underneath the bearings 8, working at the place
indicated by the number 46, to throw out the article when swaged.
Fig. 6 is a side view of a roller shaped to swage castor pegs for bedsteads. 9, in
Fig. 1. being shaped to swage sockets for tubes.
Fig. 7 is a back view of the support 17.
Fig. 8 is a simple illustration showing how the rollers are made to revolve in one
direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1.) The method of rolling articles as detailed in the foregoing statement, and
as shown upon the accompanying drawings

page_text: (2.) The method by which the rollers are made to revolve in one direction, as
detailed in the foregoing statement, and as shown upon the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1895
ALBERT COOPER.