IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BLOWING, EXHAUSTING, HEATING, COOLING AND ATTEMPERATING AIR GAS AND FLUIDS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Wilson, Engineer, of Stockton on Tees, in the
County of Durham for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
BLOWING, EXHAUSTING, HEATING, COOLING AND ATTEMPERATING AIR GAS
AND FLUIDS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th February 1882.
HENRY WILSON, Engineer, of Stockton-on-Tees in the County of Durham.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BLOWING, EXHAUSTING, HEATING, COOLING
AND ATTEMPERATING AIR, GAS, AND FLUIDS,"
My improvements consist firstly in the application of direct action to the
propulsion of the blowing apparatus described in my Patent No 4035, 6th Oct.
1879. Secondly;-In the peculiar and novel form and arrangement of the various
cooling and heating media used in conjunction therewith,-Thirdly, in the peculiar
and novel arrangement of fires and heating apparatus and the application thereof.-
The first part of my Invention consists in the application of a steam cylinder
having one central and two or more annular cylinders or spaces in which a solid
and two or more ring pistons work, which are connected direct with the rods
actuating the blower plungers, and controlled by ordinary slide valves worked by
a small independent donkey engine or other suitable means I also sometimes in
preference to using the compound cylinder, use three or more cylinders placed
either vertically one above the other, or in any convenient position, the slide valves
being worked by donkey engine or otherwise, I also use this application of
cylinders for working pumps for liquids-Spiral springs can be applied to the
piston rods which are intended to act as buffers to take the shock at top and
bottom of stroke, the rods being attached to the blower rods, and actuating the
blower pistons or buckets direct.
The second part of my Invention consists of the peculiar forms of media I use in
conjunction with my blower, one form of which consists of a tube of cast iron or

page_text: other suitable metal corrugated.-The air is driven between the heating surface of
the metal pipe, and the skin or covering which is formed of bright sheet tin or
other reflecting material, or of cast iron enamelled, the heat given out by the
central pipe and its corrugations is reflected back on the air as it is passing
through, and carried away on the point on which it is to operate.-I use this same
arrangement for cooling as well as heating, and for liquids, gases, etc. as well as for
air. Various forms can be employed for heating or cooling media, as for instance,
a flat tube or series of tubes, serrated and covered with reflectors.
The third part of my Invention consists of the peculiar forms of fires and
other means by which heat is imparted to the air and liquids operated upon, and
also its application to raising steam in boilers, boiling and evaporating liquids
and smelting metals, also for heating of stoves for the drying of cloth and yarns,
also heating ovens for baking and heating and regulating the temperature in kilns
and drying houses in connection with brick tile and pottery work.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th August
1882.
HENRY WILSON Engineer, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BLOWING, EXHAUSTING, HEATING, COOLING
AND ATTEMPERATING AIR, GAS, AND FLUIDS."
My improvements consist firstly, in the application of direct action to the
propulsion of the blowing apparatus described in my Patent No. 4035: 6th. Oct.
1879. Secondly in the peculiar and novel form and arrangement of the various
cooling and heating media used in conjunction therewith. Thirdly, In the peculiar
and novel arrangements of fires and heating apparatus and the application
thereof.
The first part of my Invention consists in the application of a steam cylinder
having a central and two or more annular spaces in which a solid and two or more
ring pistons work which are connected direct with the rods actuating the blower
plungers and controlled by ordinary alide valves worked by a small independent
donkey or other suitable means. I also sometimes in preference to using the
compound cylinder, use three or more cylinders placed either vertically, one above
the other or in any convenient position, the slide valves being worked by donkey
or otherwise. I also use this application of cylinders, for working pumps for
liquids.
The second part of my Invention consists of the peculiar forms of media I use
in conjunction with my blower, the first of which is a tube of cast iron or other
suitable metal, corrugated as shown in the Drawings (Nos. 1° and 1º and Nos. 2
and 2) which, accompany this Specification-the air is driven between the heating
surface of the metal pipe and the skin or covering which is formed of bright sheet
tin or other reflecting material, or of cast iron enamelled, the heat given out by
the central pipe and its corrugations is reflected back on the air as it is passing
through and carried away to the point on which it is to operate.-I use this same
arrangement for cooling as well as heating and for liquids, gases eto. as well as
for air.
Other forms of heating (or cooling) media are shown in Drawings
Nos. 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5ª, 6, 6, all of which are described under their proper
heads.
The third part of my Invention consists of the peculiar forms of fires and other
means by which heat is imparted to the air and liquids operated upon, and also
its applications to raising steam in boilers, boiling and evaporating liquids and
smelting metals also for heating of stoves for the drying of cloth and yarns also
heating of ovens for baking and heating and regulating the temperature in kilns
and drying houses in connection with brick, tile and pottery works.

page_text: the rods being attached to the blower rods and actuating the blower pistons or
buckets direct.
Sheet 1 (Sheet A) shows the various forms of heating or cooling media.
Drawing No. 1 shows a form of corrugated tube of cast iron or other suitable
material encased in a covering of sheet iron. The centre of the tube is filled with
steam or water or other heating or cooling agent. The air or fluid to be operated
upon enters the case at one end and is brought in contact with the corrugated
surface, the partition or flange a a preventing its free egress to the exit end and
driving in the direction shown by the arrows.
Drawing No. 3 shows another form of the same tube, especially suited for
operating on liquids by capillary attraction, the liquid passing in a thin sheet
over the external surface in a downward direction and the heating or cooling
agent passes inside in the contrary direction, the current being directed and
controlled by the central core, the diaphragms are put together in the manner
shown by bolts and nuts or by a central rod as is most suitable. No. 8° is a section
of same.
Drawings Nos. 2 and 2° show section and elevation of another form of media,
the body of which is of cast iron, copper or other suitable material, the outer
surface of which is corrugated or chequered as shown. The covering of the
corrugations is of bright tin or enamelled iron or other reflecting material, the air
or fluid is forced between the body of the media and the reflecting surface of the
cover, the heat (or cold) that is radiated from the body of the media is reflected
back by the covering and the air or fluid in its passage through absorbs it and is
affected thereby; a non-conducting substance is placed at the back of the reflectors
and the whole is encased in an iron covering. Nos. 1° show section and elevation
of another form operated on in the same way.
Drawings Nos. 4 and 40 show a spiral tube of cast iron or other suitable metal,
the worm is studded with spikes or projections and the whole being one casting
the heat or cold is uniformly distributed over the surfaces. The web a and the
outer case act as reflectors being made of reflecting material the air or fluid being
driven through the worm and the acting agent (heat or cold) is contained in the
centre pipe. Drawings Nos. 4 and 4º Sheet 2 (Sheet B) show a main tube filled
in with cross tubes arranged to produce the same effects. Drawings Nos. 5
and 5. show a chequered media, the outer skin being the reflector, the projections
being arranged as shown to impart the greatest resistance to the passage of air or
fluid and consequently impart the greatest volume of either heat or cold to the air
or fluid passing through. Drawing No. 2 Sheet 2 (Sheet B) shows another form
of same.
Drawings Nos. 6 and 6° show a larger media and is principally designed for
cooling liquids but is equally available for cooling heating or condensing air fluids
or steam the acting agent being contained in the inner annular space shown,--the
arrows showing the course of the substance operated on.
On Sheet 3 (Sheet C) Drawing No. 1 is a longitudinal section and Drawing
No. 2 is a transverse section of apparatus for drying fabrics according to my
Invention.
a is the fabric which passes over guide rollers b: cc are heaters constructed and
heated in manner above described: d is the blower constructed as described in the
Specification to my Letters Patent No. 4035 A.D. 1879 by which a blast of air at
high pressure is conveyed from the blower to the heaters by the pipes : the
air issues from narrow apertures at the bottom of the heaters and is driven against
and through the fabric. The construction of the apparatus may be varied and any
desired number of heaters may be used either in rows one above the other or in
line with each other, or in other convenient position. This apparatus is applicable
to the drying of textile fabrics after printing, padding, starching, blueing, or
finishing and to dyed goods before ageing in an aniline steamer, also after bleaching:
also to the drying of fabrics in stentering machines and to the drying of warps.

page_text: For convenience, the heating media may form parts of the divisions of the blower
and heat the air as it is driven out and so dispense with separate heaters.
On Sheet 4 (Sheet D) is shown apparatus for drying fabric that has been
dyed Turkey red: Drawing No. 1 shows my improved blower and the furnace
Drawing No. 2 is a cross section of part of the drying stove and Drawing No. 3 is
a plan of the drying stove.
a is my improved blower which blows air into the furnace b and through the
triangular flues c: d d are air pipes which extend the whole length of the flues o:
the pipes dd have slits or apertures on the side nearest the flues c through which
air is forcibly impelled against the sides of the flue: the air then ascends in a highly
heated state into the drying stove.-The fabric is suspended in the stove in the
usual manner.
This part of my Invention my be applied to stoves for drying ropes, linen and
for various other purposes.
Sheet 2 (Sheet B) Drawing No. 5 shows the application of the air heaters No. 2
and No. 5 Sheet 1 (Sheet A) and No. 2 Sheet 2 (Sheet B) for the drying of
cloth yarn or other material and may be used for grain or malt or other like
substances.
The air is conveyed from the blower by the pipes to the heaters as shown, the
cloth passes under the outlets and the heated air is blown with force down and
through the cloth carrying the moisture with it which is discharged into a stream
of cold water running through a trough or channel under the cloth thus being
condensed and utilized. No. 6 shows side and No. 7 end view of heater and con-
densing trough. No. 8 shows heater fixed below the cloth and condensing trough
above, the action in both cases being alike.
Nos. 9 and 9 show form of close furnace for applying by the blower and with
air moistening auxiliary described in Patent No. 4085 A.D. 1879 to forced com-
bustion for the heating of drying stoves and like buildings for the treatment of
cloth yarns and like substances.
No. 9 shows elevation of furnace the air, charged with moisture is driven in
through a perforated bottom that is carried on a small bogie, (which bogie is with-
drawn when the furnace requires clearing out) which has a branch at the side to
connect it to the wind pipe after passing through the fire the air enters a
chequered fire brick chamber where the heat is cleaned and diffused before it enters
the flue tubes as shown in No. 9*.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same.
I claim.
The peculiar form and arrangements of compound cylinder as applied to my
blower or air pump and also applicable to water or fluid pumps.
The peculiar form and arrangements of media for imparting heat or cold to air,
gna, fluids & as shown and described.
The improved apparatus for drying fabrics in the manner and for the purpose
substantially as shown and described in reference to Sheet 8.
The improved apparatus as and for the purpose described in reference to
Sheet 4.
The peculiar form and arrangements of fires and fire brick screens for heating
air, by radiation for the drying of cloth, yarns, or other substances and the peculiar
arrangement for applying moistened air or air charged with water or other fluids
or gases for the production of forced combustion.
And I also claim for these my arrangements for drying, heating &c. the
supplementing of radiatory heat and natural ventilation by forced combustion
and forced ventilation, by the forcing of heated air through fabrics and sub-
stances and by the same power carrying away the moisture evaporated
from such fabrics and preventing its condensation and re-evaporation on the
said fabric over and over again as is the case in ordinary evaporating dryings-

page_text: I also claim to use the aforenamed and described apparatus for condensing and
other like purposes.
In witness whereof I the said Henry Wilson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Tenth day of August One thousand eight hundred and eighty
two.
Witness
JNO. BARBEY
37 Mill Street
Stockton-on-Tees. ⚫
HENRY WILSON. (L.s.)