matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF PILE FABRICS, AND IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR WEAVING AND CUTTING THE SAME."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Dionys Marcon and John Samuel
Knott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd February
1880.
"
DIONYS MARCON and JOHN SAMUEL. KNOTT, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF
PILE FABRICS, AND IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR WEAVING AND CUTTING
THE SAME."
Our Invention relates in the first place to improved means and method of
actuating the healds for forming the pile, and is applicable to looms in which two
pieces or stuffs with a pile between them are woven at one and the same time.
The healds are actuated by means of treddles, and the pile warp is twice locked in
the back or foundation, that is to say, the warp is picked under and over the main
warps. The two pile warp beams or rollers may be fixed to any suitable framo of
the loom, and the tension be regulated in any ordinary and suitable manner. The
Invention relates in the second place to the employment of a novel form of knife
for cutting and separating the pile and for maintaining the knife or cutter in a
sharp condition to effect the cutting and separating of the pieces in a better manner
than heretofore, the fabrics cut possessing greater evenness and brilliancy on account
of the knife or cutter being allways kept sharp. The said pieces are cut or severed
exactly in the middle. A circular or nearly circular cutting disc forming the knife.
is preferably made of steel and forined with a sharp or cutting edge at its periphery,
and is arranged to be revolved by means of a rack and pinion during the time it is
caused to traverse along the rack, which is made suitable to the width of fabric
being woven. The disc or cutter is carried by a bar or part, which bar or part also
carries a pair of sharpening or grinding stones. The said cutter is fitted between
two plates corresponding to the form of the cutter, and which plates admit of the
adjustinent of the cutter in order to penetrate varying thicknesses of fabric.
said sharpening stones are mounted with the cutter and on the opposite side to the
part which effects the cutting, and which stones effect the sharpening of the cutter
during the cutting operation and also during the time it is returning to effect a
fresh cut. An important feature in the Invention consists in the arrangements
for sharpening the knife or cutter during the time it is cutting, and in the
manner of weaving the pile in the back or foundation of the fabric.
The
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st April 1880.
JOSEPH HOLDING, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My said Invention relates, in the first place, to the connecting rods or crank arms
of looms, and consists in dispensing with the cotter and gib employed in such crank
arms to retain the straps and bearings in position, and to apply thereto a simpler
and more efficient substitute. In practice it has been found that the cotter and gib
act with destructive wearing effect upon the slotted straps, while at the same time
they do not always bind the parts together with sufficient stiffness. To obviato
these defects, I dispense with the said cotter and gib and substitute a bolt, the
shank of which passes through the slots in the straps and head or butt of the crank
arm or connecting rod, the ends or tails of the straps being confined between the
bolt head and nut. To prevent slipping I curve or recess the butt either on one
or on both sides, and immediately opposite to the slots in the straps, so that when
screwed firmly up the tails or ends of the straps are sprung into the said curve or
recess so as to present an inclined face in resistance to either thrust or pull. This
springing of the tails of the straps also acts so as to lock the binding nut and prevent
it from working loose. An ordinary bolt may be employed for the purposes of my
Invention, but I prefer to use a bolt having a long head formed to the curve of the
straps when bound down in position. A similarly shaped washer may also be
interposed between the nut and strap. Instead of recessing the butt, as herein
before set forth, I may form it with a projection or bulge, and spring the straps
down on each side of the bulge by means of two bolts.
According to the second part of my Invention, I apply a smooth rod, bar, or
strip of steel or other suitable metal, on or to the "sley" board of looms, either
before or behind the reed, the warp bearing upon the said rod, bar, or strip,
whereby the friction is reduced, and the grooving or wear of the "sley" prevented
or lessened.
FIRE PLACES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ralph Ouseley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1880.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
RALPH OUSELEY, of Ealing, in the County of Middlesex.
FIRE PLACES."
The object of this Invention is to utilize some of the heat now passing up the
chimney to the heating of air in rooms or other places.
This Invention is especially applicable in cases where the front plate of the fire
place is made with a recessed part at the sides and also the grate.
According to my Invention I form this part hollow or double, and introduce the
air which is to be heated by, say, an aperture formed below at each side, which
apertures may be provided with dampers, and the air having traversed the said
hollow parts one or more times is let out into the room by an aperture in front at
the top; this aperture may be fitted with grating or damper. In some cases I let
the air enter on that side only which is furthest from the flue at the back, and form
the hollow part on the opposite side with a partition reaching to within a short
distance of the floor, so that the air having passed down one side of said partition
ascends along the opposite side of the partition, and then escapes into the room
through a grating or damper.
Sometimes for heating rooms of upper stories by the waste heat thus utilized I
lead pipes from the said hollow parts of the fire place front, say, through the
chimney flue to such upper room or rooms where they have their exit, which may
be fitted with dampers; one or more of said pipes may terminate in each storey
above.
AN IMPROVED TRUSS OR BANDAGE FOR THE TREATMENT OF INJURIES OR DISEASES OF THE LEGS OF HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Kimber at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1880. A communication
from abroad by Luther Hall Bellamy, of Brockville, Ontario, Canada,
Gentleman.
EDWARD KIMBER, of St. John's Road, Brixton, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer. "AN IMPROVED TRUSS OR BANDAGE FOR THE TREATMENT OF INJURIES
OR DISEASES OF THE LEGS OF HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS." [A communication
from abroad by Luther Hall Bellamy, of Brockville, Ontario, Canada, Gentleman.]
The object of this Invention is to provide an elastic truss or bandage so adapted
to fit the leg of a horse or other animal that bog spavin or other diseases, injuries
or blemishes may be treated at once by giving an easily regulated pressure to
adjustable pads or sponges saturated with suitable medical substances, and fastened
to the inside of the truss so as to come directly over the enlargements to be
reduced.
For this purpose I construct the said truss or bandage as follows, that is to say:-
I provide a piece of sheet india-rubber or other suitable elastic material, which I
cut and seam so as to adapt it to the form of the leg of the horse or other animal,
at the hock, the said elastic material having a width of five or six inches, or such
width as will be suitable for the size of the leg to be treated. This material is fitted
with fastening devices and with adjustable pads or sponges saturated with a
remedial substance known as Bellamy's Discovery, or with other suitable medical
remedy. These pads or sponges being saturated with a remedy chosen for the cure
of the injury, disease, or blemish, and a proper pressure being applied, a speedy
removal of the enlargements under treatment is effected. The pressure, by reason
of the elastic nature of the truss and fastenings, is easily regulated so as to act in
harmony with the remedy.
This truss or bandage is so constructed that it may be used for either the right or
left leg, and can also be moulded in one piece of india-rubber if it is found desirable
to do so.
MENTS IN BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bonner at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 14th January 1880.
JOHN BONNER, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Machinist.
MENTS IN BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES."
"IMPROVE-
My Invention has reference to the foot pedals of bicycles, tricycles, and other
velocipedes, and my said Invention consists of the construction and arrangement
herein after described of the parts of the said foot pedals, whereby the action of the
foot on the pedals is rendered more efficient than in foot pedals of the ordinary
construction.
The foot pedal is ordinarily connected to the crank by the crank pin being
passed through a hole in the pedal, the pedal swivelling loosely on the crank pin.
According to my Invention I fix on the end of a crank pin an iron or steel ring,
by preference about two inches in diameter. The said ring is in a plane at right
angles to the crank pin and is eccentric thereto. The foot pedal consists of two
pieces of cylindrical iron or steel tubing connected together so as to form virtually
one tube. Each of these pieces of tubing carries a half eccentric clip, and when
the two pieces of tubing are connected together the two half clips form one clip.
The crank pin passes through a large opening in the side of the pedal tube, the
eccentric ring on its end occupying the middle of the tube, and being embraced by
and working freely within the eccentric clip described. The clip and eccentric are
engaged together by the former taking into a groove in the periphery of the latter.
The upper edge of the pedal tube is notched or serrated so as to effect an efficient
grip by the foot of the rider, and the lower part of the tube is so weighted as to
cause it to hang in the slightly inclined position which the foot of the rider
naturally assumes.
In bicycles, tricycles, or other velocipedes made according to my Invention, the
joint action of the eccentric and clip causes the pedal to describe a circle of longer
radius than that of the crank, and the pressure of the rider's foot consequently acts
more advantageously than on a pedal of the ordinary kind.
IMPROVED BALL FOR CHILDREN AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Browne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th December 1880. A communication
from abroad by the Continental Caoutchouc and Guttapercha Compagnie, of
Hanover, Germany.
ALEXANDER BROWNE, of 5, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVED BALL FOR CHILDREN AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE
THEREOF." (A communication from abroad by the Continental Caoutchouc and
Guttapercha Compagnie, of Hanover, Germany.)
This Invention relates to india rubber balls, such as children play with, such
balls according to this Invention being covered with wool dust with apparatus
substantially as hereafter described.
According to this Invention, ordinary india rubber balls are first moistened all
over with a solution of para (viz., natural rubber solution), the balls are then
powdered over with wool dust, such as falls off in the manufacture of "shoddy" or
other similar processes, or as may be produced in any other suitable way. This
wool dust having been attached to the balls, preferably by means of the apparatus
hereafter described, the said ball is next dipped into a mixture of "chloride of
sulphur" and "bi sulphide of carbon" in order to fix the wool dust on to the ball
by means of vulcanization of the before mentioned solution of para by said mixture.
Should the ball be insufficiently covered the operation may be repeated as often as
required.
The ball should finally be pressed in a mould in the usual way to give it a
proper external appearance.
According to this Invention the apparatus to cover the balls with wool dust as
aforesaid consists of a funnel or other suitable shaped vessel to the bottom of
which is fixed a sieve. This vessel (which is to contain the wool dust) is fitted so
as to oscillate, and may be worked by hand or otherwise. For this purpose the
vessel is hinged to a bent bar which is fixed to a table in such manner that there
is sufficient space between the sieve and table to hold the ball under the aforesaid
vessel to be covered with the wool dust. Under the table is fixed a receptacle to
receive the superfluous wool dust during the operation. The ball may be held in
the hand during covering, and turned about so that it may be entirely covered.
The bottom of the latter receptacle is made to open so as to fit a small vessel to it,
into which the superfluous wool falls, and capable of being detatched at will in
order that it may emptied into the first named vessel for use.
AN IMPROVED LIGHT HOLDER FOR APPLICATION TO CHANDELIERS, CANDLESTICKS, AND THE LIKE ÅRTICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Gearing Grant at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th July 1880. A communication from
abroad by Charles Ménard, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
HUGH GEARING GRANT, of the Firm of Messrs. Bosshardt and Grant, Patent
Agents, of 24, Bull's Head Exchange Chambers, Market Place, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED LIGHT HOLDER FOR APPLICATION TO
CHANDELIERS, CANDLESTICKS, AND THE LIKE ÅRTICLES." A communication from
abroad by Charles Ménard, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
The Invention relates to improvements in the form and arrangement of holders
or sockets to hold the candles and for application to the branches of chandeliers,
candlesticks, and like articles, and consists in the first place in the employment of a
socket or holder, formed of a bearing plate or disc with three or more vertical arms,
which are caused to embrace the lower end of the candle. A ring is placed around and
embraces the said arms, which said ring can be slid upwards or downwards thereon
in order to embrace, by means of the arms, different thicknesses of candle. By
means of this holder the lower end of the candle will be exposed to the air, and
will be prevented from rapidly melting away by reason of not being exposed to
the metal casing ordinarily employed, and which becomes heated by the candle
when the lower part is being burnt. The said holder may be formed of any suitable
metal or material, the said arms being flexible, and can be placed in the ordinary
socket of a chandelier or candlestick. The Invention consists, in the second place,
in the employment of a metal cover of a cylindrical form, and intended to surround
the holder. The said cover may be ornamented in appearance and can be dispensed
with if not required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TREATING BUTTER." FOR propose
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Litler Bradford at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1880.
WILLIAM LITLER BRADFORD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
TREATING BUTTER."
FOR
propose to
The butter-worker, to which I adapt my improvements is the ordinary butter
worker, consisting of a fluted roller working on a circular and horizontal board or
table with one end of the roller being at or near the centre of the table, and the
other at the circumference, the roller therefore being in the position of the radius of
the circle formed by the board or table, the surface of which latter I
slope from its circumference towards its centre. I also incline the axis of the roller
so that it lies almost parallel to the face of the table, and I drive the roller so that
the different parts of the outside or periphery thereof move at higher speeds than
those at which the different parts of the face of the table are driven, which effect
is obtained by gearing, and more especially by a disproportion in the bevil of the
roller to that of the table, that is, the parts of the table nearest the centre necessarily
work at a slower speed than those nearest the circumference, whereas the periphery
of the roller revolves at almost the same speed throughout its length by reason of
its (the roller) being made nearly cylindrical or of one uniform diameter from one
end to the other.
The advantages that these improvements give in working the butter are that
the flutes of the roller never enter the butter twice in the same place, that is, each
flute of butter which is made by the roller when in the revolution of the board or
table it comes again under the roller, presents not its side but its end to the roller,
which action is also assisted by the roller being driven at a slightly higher speed
than the board or table, and this latter by opening the butter also allows the water
to flow more freely away.
The inclination of the axis of the roller to the slope of the table is in order that
when the roller is performing the above action it shall not move the butter from
its proper position on the table either towards the centre or the circumference.
I further propose to adopt a mould board of a novel and suitable form to guide
the butter into the desired position for it to be operated upon by the roller.

page_text: The mould board or guides which I propose to use are of a form similar to those
in use on ploughs, and besides keeping the butter away from the edge of the table
serves to turn it over like a furrow towards the centre. The latter action both
assists in the mixing of the butter, and also prevents the butter from collecting
against the guides or mould boards, as is the case with those at present in use.
The mould-boards or guides are by preference two in number, and are placed on
either side of the roller, besides which the wood covering of the spindle or shaft
that carries the table is also used as a guide.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOPPER BARGES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION, left by William Henman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th July 1880.
WILLIAM HENMAN, of 37, Waterloo Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick. "1
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOPPER BARGES."
The upper part of the barge is formed of a flat and comparatively shallow water
tight floating platform or deck barge, having formed through it a large vertical
opening or openings. Each side of this floating platform has hinged to it, along
its bottom, the outer side of a float or deck boat, the upper surface of which is
about half the width of the top float. The decks of the two hinged boats come
against the bottom of the upper float, and close the bottom of the vertical openings
which are formed through it, slag or other material which is to be conveyed away
by and dropped from the barge is filled into the openings in the top float and
rests upon the deck of the lower boats, which may be locked together by any
suitable fastenings.
When the slag or material has been conveyed in the barge to wherever it is
to be deposited, these fastenings are released. The weight of the slag or material
resting on the deck of the lower boats then causes them to open downwards on
their hinged joints and the material slips off and drops away through the opening
left between them. When the material has slipped off from the lower boats, the
buoyancy of these boats causes them again to close, when they may be again locked
and secured. The buoyancy of each of the two hinged boats is made to be about
equal to the weight of the load it has to carry, whilst the upper float is made as
light as practicable, and to possess suflicient buoyancy to keep its deck at any
desired height above the water level when the barge is loaded, and give the
requisite stability to the loaded barge.
Stops with springs may be provided for limiting the extent to which the two
lower boats may open apart from each other. Apparatus may also be applied for
preventing the lower boats from again closing too quickly after they have discharged
the load previously resting upon them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR GAS GLASSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cowpe Heaton at the Office of
the Cominissioners of Patents on the 13th July 1880.
JOHN COWPE HEATON, of Rotherhamn, in the County of York, Brass Founder.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR GAS GLASSES."
My Invention relates to improvements in holders or galleries for supporting the
glass globes used on gasaliers, brackets, and other gas fittings, the object of the
Invention being principally to reduce the amount of shadow cast by the ordinary
galleries, and also to prevent the loss of the moveable parts, and I accomplish this
by constructing my improved gallery in the following manner, that is to say :-I
make it with oue arm only, one end being enlarged and having a threaded hole to
screw on to the gas pipe by the burner in the ordinary way, the other end being
attached to the part which holds the glass, and which I prefer to be of the shape of
an arc of about one third part of a circle, and provided with one or more clips. The
arm is screwed or threaded, and a clip and nut work easily from one end to the other
or thereabouts, and are prevented from coming off by the enlarged ends of the arm.
The glass is held between the clips on the arc shaped part and the moveable clip
on the arm.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN ARRANGING AND PUTTING UP. NEEDLES AND OTHER SMALL, ARTICLES, AND IN CASES OR WRAPPERS THEREFOR."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jolin Wesley Hayes at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1880.
JOHN WESLEY HAYES, of Offord Road, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ARRANGING AND PUTTING UP. NEEDLES AND OTHER SMALL, ARTICLES,
AND IN CASES OR WRAPPERS THEREFOR."
This Invention relates to improvements in arranging and putting up needles and
other small articles for sale, and in cases or wrappers therefor.
It is well known that much trouble, annoyance, and loss of time are now caused
to shopkeepers in the keeping and sale of needles, arising chiefly from the smallness
of the packets in which they are placed, and the difficulty of manipulating them.
Now the object of my Invention is to obviate these inconveniences.
In carrying out my Invention I employ a folding case or wrapper formed of
suitable material, and constructed so that it may fold into a number of flaps or
leaves, each flap or leaf serving to receive a packet of needles, which may be
permanently fixed thereto or be removeable, as hereinafter described.
Each case or wrapper is preferably constructed with a given number of flaps or
leaves so as to enable the needles to be put up in numbers of one thousand or one
gross, as the case may be; for example, if the needles be made up in packets of
twenty five, then each wrapper or case would have ten flaps or leaves, so that four
wrappers or cases would contain one thousand needles. If the needles are made up
in packets of twelve, then cach wrapper or case would have twelve flaps, so that
each wrapper would contain one gross of needles.
Each packet of needles may be fixed to its corresponding flap or leaf of the
wrapper or case, so that if, for example, twenty five, tifty, or one hundred needles
be required, it will be simply necessary (if each packet contain twenty five needles)
to detach one, two, or four flaps or leaves of the case or wrapper, and so on.
In some cases I form the packets containing the needles with a slit on each side
thereof, so as to allow of the packets being strung on and easily removed from the
case or wrapper, the construction of which is modified accordingly, as will be easily
understood.
Another advantage derived from my Invention is, that shopkeepers are enabled
to take stock with very great facility, and are also better enabled to display these
goods.
My improvements are also applicable to other small articles, such, for example, as
chemists' powders.
MENTS IN BURNERS FOR PRODUCING AND BURNING PETROLEUM GAS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1880. A communication from
abroad by Cornél von Szekrenyessy and Johann Stern, both of Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria.
"IMPROVE-
A com-
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN BURNERS FOR PRODUCING AND BURNING PETROLEUM GAS."
munication from abroad by Cornél von Szekrenyessy and Johann Stern, both of
Vienna, in the Empire of Austria.
The petroleum is by a tap admitted to a pipe containing copper shavings; it then
passes into a knee piece or elbow which is heated directly by a small petroleum gas
jet placed beneath it and protected by a rim against draught; the passage through
the upright end of the elbow tapers off to a vory narrow throat.
The burner proper fits on the upright end of the elbow so that it can be turned
in any desired direction; a branch pipe leads from the burner pipe down to the
aforesaid jet for heating the elbow; the burner pipe has one or more small holes for
air draught. The jet projecting rim may be fastened by a screw, which enters
and closes a lower continuation of the passage through the upright end of the
elbow.
The action is as follows:-The elbow having been heated, petroleum is turned
on from a reservoir situated at a higher level; the oil passing through the pipe filled⚫
with copper shavings thereupon enters the heated elbow and is formed into gas.
This gas rises through the narrow throat into the burner, the greater portion
issuing by the slits or openings at top of same, where it is lit, while a small portion
passes by the lateral branch down to the jet under the elbow, and when lit it serves
to heat the elbow directly and thus to form the petroleum into gas.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1880.
JOSEPH HOLDING, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My Invention relates in the first place to the crank-arm, and has for its object to
render it self-adjusting. To this end I employ a spring to press or draw down the
cottar, so as to maintain it at a suitable degree of tightness. In one arrangement a
spiral spring is hooked or connected by one end to the end of the cottar, and by the
other end to an extension of the gib. In the second place I mount the swell to swivel
upon a glass pin, in order to lessen the friction and the wear of the parts. A third
part of my Invention relates to the lubrication of the picker spindle. I mount a
lubricator upon a lever or part which is raised and lowered at intervals. Whon
lowered a wick or part holding oil is brought into contact with the spindle and
delivers a small supply of oil to it. I prefer to raise and lower the said lever or
part by means of the emery roller. A cam may be fixed upon the axle of the said
roller or the said lever or part, or a part in connection therewith may enter a recess
in the said roller or axle at the times when the lubricator is to be lowered.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TOPS OF TABLES, COUNTERS, DESKS, AND STANDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Schofield at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1880.
WILLIAM SCHOFIELD, of No. 130, Larkhall Lane, Clapham, in the County of
Surrey, Stone and Marble Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TOPS OF TABLES,
COUNTERS, DESKS, AND STANDS."
This Invention relates to a construction of the tops of tables, hotel and restaurant
bars or counters, my object being to prevent the overflowing of liquid that may be
accidentally upset or spilt thereon. For this purpose I cut or mould a groove or
chase in the surface of the table near the edge thereof, and bore one or moro holes
through the grooved part of the table. I connect these holes by pipes with a basin
or other suitable receptacle under the table, or with several such receptacles, so
that any liquid spilt on the table will find its way into the groove and flow thence
into the receptacle. The receptacle may in many cases be concealed by the design
of the framing, or it may be contained in a drawer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SACKS, BAGS, BEDDING, BED-TICKS, PILLOWS, PILLOW-CASES, CUSHIONS, AND OTHER SIMILAR WOVEN ARTICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Abraham Briggs and Walter Briggs
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1880.
ABRAHAM BRIGGS and WALTER BRIGGS, both of Shelf, near Halifax, in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SACKS, BAGS,
BEDDING, BED-TICKS, PILLOWS, PILLOW-CASES, CUSHIONS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
WOVEN ARTICLES."
The object of this Invention is to manufacture sacks, bags, and other similar
articles in a loom without scams or joinings either at the sides or bottom, and
consists in employing at least four healds in the loom, and in so arranging the
warps in the same that what may be termed the two sides of the sack or other
article are woven simultaneously one over the other.
In carrying out our Invention we arrange that two of the four healds shall open
and close the requisite warps, and form a shed for the weft to pass to form the one
side, and then that the other two healds shall open and close the requisite warps,
and so form a shed for the weft to pass to form the other half of the sack; the
shuttle first passing, say, through the top set of warps, and then through the
bottom, and so on alternately, whereby a seamless sack or other woven article is
produced; and in order to close up the bottom of the sack or other article I arrange
the four healds to cross each other, and so weave all the warps together for a few
picks.
It will be readily apparent that this method of weaving seamless articles is
applicable in the manufacture of bedding, bed-ticks, pillows, pillow-cases, cushions,
and other similar woven articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO SUPPOSITORIES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Merrylees at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1880. A communication from
abroad by Edwin Hampden Gibbs, of the City, County, and State of New
York.
JOHN MERRYLEES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND APPERTAINING TO SUPPOSITORIES." A communication from abroad by
Edwin Hampden Gibbs, of the City, County, and State of New York.
My Invention has reference to the means used for introducing medicines and
drugs via rectum and other open passages of the body, in all cases where such
treatment is needed, and also for administering nutriment via rectum. It affords
a vehicle easily and quickly charged with such medicine or nutriment without
trouble or waste of material.
Up to the present time suppositories have been made solid, and by the admixture
with the medicine to be administered of vegetable oils, preferably butter of cocoa;
this process being however a very tedious one, and in many cases troublesome,
from the difficulty of combining the drug to be given with the medium.
I propose to obviate these difficulties by making my suppositories (formed of
butter of cocoa, gluten, gelatine, stearine, sugar, or other suitable substance which
will melt by heat or dissolve by moisture) hollow, and charging them with the
medicine or nutriment. to be introduced, and then hermetically sealing up the
contents by a stopper of the same material.
To make these suppositories ready for use, all that is needed is to place in each
one of the number required the medicine, extract, or nutriment with which it is
to be filled, taking care that this filling is cold, and that sufficient room is left for
the stopper, which is either first warmed and then inserted, hermetically closing the
suppository when it cools, or put in position and the top rubbed with a warm knife
so as to melt a portion with the same result. The suppositories when hardened by
being set in a cool place are fit for use.
As will be seen by the above, by my Invention suppositories are supplied made
with the minimum of handling and trouble, and capable of being preserved ready for
use for any length of time, thus enabling a chemist to keep on hand suppositories
of all kinds, and obviating the necessity of making them whenever called for.
By the use of these suppositories nutriment can be introduced into the system

page_text: with but little inconvenience to the patient, as no air need enter the intestines,
which is unavoidable when a syringe is employed.
It will of course be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise shape
of the suppository, or to its construction with a stopper, as it may be so formed
that the end through which the charge is introduced may be closed by the
application of heat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR ORDNANCE OR FIRE-ARMS, AND APPLICABLE FOR BLASTING PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Johann Gustav Marquardt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th September 1880.
"
JOHANN GUSTAV MARQUARDT, of Darville Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Merchant. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR ORDNANCE OR FIRE-ARMS, AND
APPLICABLE FOR BLASTING PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to cartridges which are chiefly designed for heavy guns or
ordnance, but which may be adapted to light field pieces or fire-arms, and may be
used for blasting rocks or for similar operations.
66
The said Invention comprises, first, the manufacture of cartridges of a prismatic
form, resembling in shape and size the blocks or pieces of the well known
prismatic powder," or of a cylindrical or other form, and consisting of a casing or
shell of paper, metal, or other suitable material, which is filled or charged with
compressed or other powder with or without other material, and has provision for
the passage of air through the same; and, secondly, the combination of a number
of these cartridges in a case or envelope to form a large cartridge suitable for
ordnance in such a manner that the said prismatic cartridges or blocks will be
packed closely together with the air passages continued throughout the length of
the same.
In carrying my Invention into practice I form the prismatic, polygonal, or other
cartridges as follows, that is to say:-I construct a case or box with sides of paper
or other material, which may be perforated, or meshed, or plain, and I provide the
said case or box with ends secured by gum or cement, or by other suitable means.
One important feature of my Invention is the providing the said cartridges with
one or more air tubes or passages extending through them. These tubes may be
formed of card-board, paper, or other suitable material, and are secured in the ends
of the prisms; or I may form the said air passages in the material itself without
inserting the tubes aforesaid by suitably arranging the pieces or particles of
powder or other material. The space within the outer casing is filled with blocks
of compressed powder, or with pebble powder, or with loose grain powder, or
partly with any or all of these various kinds of powder; or I may fill some portions
of the space within the said case or box with dynamite, gun-cotton, or other
suitable material.

page_text: I may provide the cartridges with one central air tube or passage, or with any
desired number of tubes or passages; and the said tubes or passages may extend
transversely or across the cases.
By my Invention I obtain all of the advantages arising from the air-passages or
perforations of the so-called prismatic powder with greater facility and economy
of manufacture, and with the further advantage of being able to use other material
besides or in addition to the compressed powder. Morcover, with my improved
cartridges the combustion may be more perfectly regulated than heretofore,
according to the length and calibre of the gun, or the desired velocity of the
projectile.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES AND APPLIANCES TO BE USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR ADVERTISING AND SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Whetstone at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th September 1880.
THOMAS WHETSTONE, of No. 57, Amwell Street, Pentonville, in the County of
Middlesex, Advertising Contractor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES AND APPLIANCES
TO BE USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR ADVERTISING AND SIMILAR
PURPOSES."
This Invention of "Improvements in Frames and Appliances to be used in
connection therewith for Advertising and similar Purposes" consists in the use
of a frame similar to those used for paintings, engravings, looking glasses, and
other similar objects, and may be square, round, oval, or any other shape, and is to
enclose a painting, engraving, looking glass, or any other similar subject matter
which may attract attention. On the front of the frame are fixed grooves, so
constructed as to be capable of receiving either vertically, horizontally, or otherwise,
and retaining stationery slides, smaller frames, or other facia made of glass, wood,
metal, porcelain, or other suitable material on which an advertisement is written,
painted, printed, or otherwise shown. The smaller frames or other facia may be
fixed to the principal frame, but preference is given to the slides and other
moveable facia by reason of the facility afforded for changing the advertisement
without injuring the principal frame. By these means the attention of persons
passing by the framed painting, engraving, looking glass, or other similar object
will be arrested to look at and read the advertisements on the slides, smaller
frames, or other facia.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCISSORS FOR CUTTING HAIR
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederick Edward Mullett at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd December 1880.
JOHN FREDERICK EDWARD MULLETT, of Ivy Lodge, East Acton, in the County
of Middlesex. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN SCISSORS FOR CUTTING HAIR."
This Invention has for its object improvements in scissors for cutting hair.
In order to enable persons to cut their own or other persons' hair without the
assistance of a professed hair cutter, I employ scissors having combs combined with
them.
Upon the one blade of a pair of scissors suitably constructed I affix by adjustable
screws, rivets, or otherwise, at a short distance from the cutting edge, two small
combs made of metal or other suitable material, one upon each side. These when
the scissors are in use protect the head and hold the hair in position for cutting.
One comb only may be used, but this I do not recommend.
The block carrying the comb or combs is that which when the scissors are in use
is the lower blade, and which is operated by the fore finger passing through its
bow. The cutting is effected by opening the scissors in the ordinary way, inserting
the comb or combs with the teeth upwards into the hair, one of the combs lying
flat against the head. Then on closing the scissors by bringing down the blade
worked by the thumb, which should always be uppermost, the hair is divided more
or less closely to the head, according to the adjustment of the combs and the way
in which the apparatus is used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ADJUSTING BEARINGS FOR SHAFTS AND AXLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at the
0
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1880. A communi-
cation from Martin Möller, of Kollmar, near Glückstadt, in the German
Empire.
W
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ADJUSTING BEARINGS FOR
SHAFTS AND AXLES." A communication from Martin Möller, of Kolmar, near
Glückstadt, in the German Empire.
This Invention relates to improvements in the fastening or socketing of bearings,
and has for its purpose to make the bearings self adjusting to reduce friction and
wear and tear.
The upper part of the bracket containing the bush or box may be of ordinary
construction, but its bottom part is not immovably fastened to a socket or bed
plate, nor cast of one piece with same as is in common the case. The bottom part
of this improved bearing is at right angles to its bush or axle box, hinged to a
semi-circular projecting bracket of a cast iron plate, which said iron plate rests upon
and is fastened to the bed plate of the bearing by means of a central bolt or screw,
on which it can turn. The construction is by this means made self adjustable, and
can follow any side movements or oscillations of the revolving shaft, and consequently
friction as well as wear and tear will be greatly reduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bowker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1880.
WILLIAM BOWKER, of Newton Heath, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer. ** IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETING MACHINES."
My Invention relates more particularly to steam riveting machines, and has for
its object to obtain a determined pressure upon each rivet, and to maintain such
pressure for a suitable period. To this end I arrange that when the desired
pressure is attained a determined load shall be lifted. In the arrangement which
I now consider to be suitable, the pressure is transmitted to the heading die by
means of a bell-crank lever, and the longer arm of this lever is connected by a
second lever and by links with a loaded lever, or a sufficiently heavy load is
otherwise connected with the bell-crank lever, the arrangement being such as that
when the pressure transmitted through the said bell-crank lever has risen
sufficiently the load is raised, and then transmits a fixed known or calculated
pressure to the heading die. To actuate the part which acts upon the said
bell-crank lever, I prefer to employ a steam piston which is connected by its rod
with a sliding block, which is connected by means of a jointed toggle link with the
said part which acts upon the said lever. This arrangement enables me to use a
piston of smaller area than is required by ordinary steam riveting machines. In
some cases I arrange a second set of riveting dies acting at right-angles to the first
named dies, and I actuate the heading die slide by means of a lever connected with
the piston rod, the other or abutment die slide being forced towards the heading
die by means of a slide which is acted upon by an incline in the piston rod, and is
formed with an incline which acts upon the said slide, and by passing over it to
some extent acts as an abutment to withstand the pressure. When the said
abutment die is the upper die, a spring or weight is or may be employed to move
up the die-slide at the same time that the lower die recedes or moves downwards.
MENTS IN TURNSTILES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Lowry at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1880.
GEORGE LOWRY, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
MENTS IN TURNSTILES."
"IMPROVE-
This Invention relates to further improvements in turnstiles, for which Letters
Patent were granted to me bearing date the 28th day of August 1866, No. 3377,
and consists, first, in certain improvements for doing away with ratchet wheels &
foot levers, this I accomplish by putting a star wheel on the revolving shaft, and on
each side of this wheel I apply a flat spring with a hook end or notch to take
into the pins on the star wheel when the arm is brought straight across the
passage.
The second part of this Invention has for its object the registering of the
numbers passed in through the turnstile, and when required, registering outwardly.
This I accomplish by two spiral springs acted on by the pins in the star wheel.
The third part of my improvements consists in making the half circle or body
part of the turnstile of sheet iron let into a groove formed in the top and bottom
framo and bolted together.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPLIANCES FOR SUPPORTING THE SADDLE OR SEAT OF BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR VEHICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Alfred Lamplugh at the Office
of the Comisssioners of Patents on the 7th December 1880.
JAMES ALFRED LAMPLUGH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPLIANCES FOR SUPPORTING
THE SADDLE OR SEAT OF BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR VEHICLES."
This my said Invention consists in the construction, combination, or arrangement
of parts hereinafter described for supporting the saddle or seat of bicycles, tricycles,
and other like vehicles, the object of my Invention being to reduce the vibration.
I will describe my Invention thus, a framework or plate hinged and screwed or
otherwise affixed to the backbone or bar carries by means of suitable sockets one,
two, or more india rubber arched forms, either longitudinal or crosswise of the
backbone or bar; in some cases I may employ india rubber or other yielding material
arranged to the sockets and backbone or bar in a vertical position for carrying a
plate that receives the saddle or seat held in a desired position by leather straps or
rubber bands connected to the front and rear of the vehicle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BANK CHEQUES AND OTHER LIKE DOCUMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Beverley Fenby at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1880.
JOSEPH BEVERLEY FENBY, of Wylde Green, in the Parish of Sutton Coldfield,
in the County of Warwick, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BANK CHEQUES
AND OTHER LIKE DOCUMENTS."
The object of my Invention is to afford simple and easily understood means of
shewing the exact number of pounds sterling for which any cheque or other like
document is drawn, by a method which shall defy subsequent alteration to either a
greater or less amount in pounds. The same method can also be used for any other
denomination of money, such as dollars; but 1 will confine my description to a
cheque for pounds sterling, as such description will suffice to shew the nature of
my Invention and its application. Along and near to one edge of the cheque,
preferably the bottom edge, 1 print, emboss, watermark, or otherwise indelibly
shew a series or table of figures or words. For the fullest security I prefer a
combination of printing and watermarking. The figures or words are arranged in
the following manner-For cheques intended to be used for all amounts up to
29,999 I use the following series of figures or words grouped and labelled as
shewn,―
987654321 019 8 7 6|5|4|3|2| 1 | 0 | +
Or the words nine, eight, seven, six, and so on, may be used in place of figures.
When a cheque is drawn for any given amount the figures or words indicating
that amount are indelibly marked by cutting away a small portion of the paper at
each necessary figure or word. As, for example, if a cheque be drawn for £8 a
Sinall portion of the 8 in the unit series is cut away. This shews that 8 units are
intended to be paid, and to shew that no tens, hundreds, or thousands are to be
paid, the naughts in the respective series of tens, hundreds, and thousands are
cut in like manner. It is evident that the exact number of pounds can thus be
shewn for any amount up to the total range of the figures or words printed on the
cheque. And a cheque once so cut cannot be altered in the amount of the pounds,

page_text: This method can be extended to the shillings and pence if thought desirable. I
am aware that cheques have been cut and perforated for various round or approxi-
mate sums, and also that by means of special mechanical appliances exact numbers
are cut through the paper. But my object is to provide a cheque which can be
unalterably fixed to an exact number of pounds by the use of ordinary scissors or
knife. The figures or words may be arranged in vertical parallel columns in the
body of the cheque, but I prefer them in ono line along the bottom edge as being
easier to cut, and also as reading in the natural order.