Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR DRYING AND ROASTING COFFEE, CHICORY, MALT, AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Ambrose Coffey, of 9, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR DRYING AND
ROASTING COFFEE, CHICORY, MALT, AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES,
Sealed the 11th January 1871, and dated the 13th July 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Ambrose Coffey
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th July 1870.
I, JOHN AMBROSE COFFEY, of 9, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR DRYING
AND ROASTING COFFEE, CHICORY, MALT, AND OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, ALSO
APPLICABLE TO BAKING AND DESICCATION GENERALLY," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to effect the drying or roasting of
coffee, chicory, malt, or other substances at a known regulated tem -

page_text: perature, and the method of operating which I claim is to treat the
cylinder or chamber containing the coffee, chicory, malt, or other sub-
stance by causing heated oil, fat, paraffin, or other similar substance
to circulate through a coil of pipes placed within the cylinder or through
a jacket surrounding the cylinder or chamber. The oil, fat, or paraffin
is maintained at any required temperature by passing through a coil of
pipe placed within a furnace, which may be situated at some distance
from the cylinder, the pipe within this furnace being connected at each
end with the pipes within the cylinder or the jacket surrounding it.
The oil in the pipe within the furnace becoming heated it moves by its
connection through the pipe or jacket in or surrounding the cylinder,
communicating its heat to the contents, and returning to the pipe
within the furnace to be reheated. This circulation of the heating
medium is automatic and continuous, but in certain cases I interpose
a small force pump in the return pipe leading from the cylinder or
chamber to the furnace, whereby the movement of the fluid may be
accelerated by means of dampers applied to the furnace much or little
heat can be communicated, and any temperature up to 1200 F. can be
obtained and regulated with certainty. A thermometer or pyrometer
is inserted in the pipe entering in the cylinder, whereby the temperature
at which the operation is conducted may be known, and by the indi-
cations of this instrument the intensity of the fire in the furnace is to
be regulated. Or in lieu of the above form of apparatus a bath or vessel
containing oil, fat, paraffin, or similar substance may be used, which
is heated by a fire beneath, or by passing the flue of a furnace through
it, the cylinder or chamber containing the coffee, chicory, malt, or other
substance being immersed in the heated medium, and either rotated in
that position, or its contents stirred by fanners rotating within it. By
thermometers placed in the bath of oil the temperature may be known
and regulated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Ambrose Coffey in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th January 1871.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said John Ambrose Coffey, Her special licence that I, the said
John Ambrose Coffey, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said John Ambrose Coffey, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS AND
APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR DRYING AND ROASTING COFFEE, CHICORY, MALT, AND
OTHER VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO BAKING AND DESICCATION
GENERALLY," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Ambrose Coffey, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Ambrose Coffey, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My Invention has for it object to effect the drying or roasting of
coffee, chicory, malt, or other substances at a known regulated tem-
perature, and the method of operating which I claim is to heat the
cylinder or chamber containing the coffee, chicory, malt, or other
substances by causing heated oil, fat, paraffin, or other similar substance
to circulate through a coil of pipe placed within the cylinder, or
through a jacket surrounding the cylinder or chamber. The oil, fat, or
paraffin is maintained at any required temperature by passing through
a coil of pipe placed within a furnace which may be situated at some
3 distance from the cylinder, the pipe within the furnace being connected
at each end with other pipes within the cylinder or the jacket
surrounding it. The oil in the pipe within the furnace becoming heated
it moves by its convection through the pipe or jacket in or surrounding

page_text: the cylinder, communicating its heat to the contents and returning to the
pipe within the furnace to be re-heated. This circulation of the heating
medium is automatic and continuous, but in certain cases I interpose a
small force pump in the return pipe leading from the cylinder or chamber
to the furnace, whereby the movement of the fluid may be accelerated.
By means of dampers applied to the furnace much or little heat can be
communicated and any temperature up to 1200" F. can be obtained
and regulated with certainty. A thermometer or pyrometer is inserted
in the pipe entering the cylinder whereby the temperature at which the
operation is conducted may be known, and by the indications of this
instrument the intensity of the fire in the furnace is to be regulated
according to the requirements of the case.
Or in lieu of the above form of apparatus a bath or vessel containing
oil, fat, paraffin, or similar substance may be used, which is heated by a
fire beneath or by passing the flue of a furnace through it, the cylinder or
chamber containing the coffee, chicory, malt, or other substances being
immersed in the heated medium, and either rotated in that position or
its contents stirred by fanners rotating within it. By thermometers placed
in the bath of oil the temperature may be known and regulated.
Having thus far described the nature of the said Invention, and
intimated generally in what manner the same is to be performed, I
now proceed further and fully to particularly describe and ascertain in
what manner the same is to be performed, wherein I shall refer to the
accompanying Drawings by the words, letters, and figures marked
thereon, and herein-after referred to, as follows:-
Fig. 1, longitudinal section; Fig. 2, elevation of furnace shewing pipe
arrangement; Fig. 3, plan of pipe arrangement; Fig. 4, end view of
rotating cylinder; Fig. 5, end view of pipes and material to be treated
percolating through them.
A, shaft and spindle; B, heating pipe; C, cylinder; D, supporting
standards; E, motive-power-shafting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or
carried out in practice, I hereby declare that I claim, the exclusive use
of the method of regulating the heat and obtaining any required degree
of temperature for the roasting, baking, and drying of substances
by causing heated oil, fat, paraffin, or other similar substance to

page_text: circulate through or around a cylinder containing the substance to be
heated.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ambrose Coffey, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.