IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKED AXLES
Year: 1884

page_text: We AMBROSE EDMUND BUTLER and HUGH MYDDLETON BUTLER of Kirkstall
Forge near Leeds in the County of York, Iron Manufacturers do hereby declare
the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CRANKED AXLES, to be as follows:-
According to our invention we prepare the iron or steel for the manufacture of
cranked axles by forming the piece or crauk "mould" with recesses and corre-
sponding projections at the points where the corners or angles of the crank are
required; (suitable shaped adjustable tools being provided for the purpose.) this
being done by hammer, hydraulic or other pressure, and without necessarily
increasing the bulk or thickness of the metal at such points. By forming these
recesses and corresponding projections (which are the corners of the crank to be
made), in the manner above described, the fibre of the metal is made to run in the
same line as the crank, and the crank "mould" thus made admits of being bent
without the fibre being cut or otherwise interfered with.
We next, and preferably at one operation form the crank "mould" above
described under pressure, into a complete crank by means of suitable shaped
adjustable blocks; the blocks being of such a form and capable of such adjustment
as to allow the crank "mould" to be bent into the form of crank required. We
provide recesses in the tools which produce the crank "mould" at the point where
the flaps or lugs are required so that projections of metal are left on the crank
"mould which we afterwards stamp, or otherwise form into the required shape;
this operation also may be effected by hammer, hydraulic, or other pressure, and
by these means the flaps or lugs are produced on the crank solid and without weld.
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page_text: OF
We AMBROSE EDMUND BUTLER and HUGH MYDDLETON BUTLER of Kirkstall
Forge, near Leeds in the County of York, Iron Manufacturers do hereby declare
the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
CRANKED AXLES" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement reference
being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
According to our invention we prepare the iron or steel for the manufacture of
cranked axles by forming the piece or "crank-mould" with recesses and corre-
sponding projections at the points where the corners or angles of the crank are
required (suitably shaped adjustable tools being provided for the purpose) this
being done by hammer hydraulic or other pressure and without necessarily
increasing the bulk or thickness of the metal at such points. By forming these
recesses and corresponding projections (which are, the corners of the crank to be
made) in the manner above described, the fibre of the metal is made to run in the
same line as the crank, and the "crank-mould." thus made admits of being. bent
without the fibre being cut or otherwise interfered with.
We next and preferably at one operation form the "crank-mould" above
described under pressure into a complete crank by means of suitable shaped
adjustable blocks, the blocks being of such a form and capable of such adjustment
as to allow tlie "crank-mould" to be bent into the form of crank required. We
provide recesses in the tools which produce the "crank-moulds" at the point where
the flaps or lugs are required so that projections of metal are left on the "crank-
moulds" which we afterwards stamp, or otherwise form into the required shape.
This operation also may be effected by hammer, hydraulic, or other pressure, and
by these means the flaps or lugs are produced on the crank solid and without weld.
And in order that our invention may be more clearly understood reference is
given to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF, DRAWINGS.
Fig 1 shews the mode of forging the crank moulds, Fig 2 represents the
complete crank, Figs 4, 5, 6, and 7, refer to the forging of the "crank mould in
two operations, and Fig 8 shews the mode of forging the complete crank.
According to our invention we take a piece of iron and after forging or drawing
one end'in the usual way into the arm or barrel end Cof. the axle, Figs 1 and 2
we forge or form the other end D of the piece or "crank mould" with recesses
E and F and corresponding projections-at the points where the corners or angles
of the crank are required by means of hammer hydraulic or other pressure;
suitably shaped adjustable tools A and B being provided for the purpose..
By forming these recesses, E. and F and the corresponding projections or swells
Figs 1 and 2 (which are the corners of the crank to be made) simultaneously with
forging the shank D of the axle, the fibre of the iron is made to run in the same
line as the crank, and the "crank mould" thus made admits of being bent without
the fibre being cut or otherwise interfered with, for it will be obvious as shewn in
Fig 3 that the corners of the crank are formed complete. Moreover the corners of
the crank are formed without necessarily increasing the bulk or thickness of the
metal at such points.
When cranks are required above say 12" deep it will probably be found more
convenient to forge the shank part of the axle D at two operations, and this we do

page_text: by first forming the corner E as shewn in Fig 4 and afterwards the corner F as
shewn in Fig 5, or we forge the shank D in two pieces the corner E of the crank
being in one piece see Fig 6 and the corner F in the other piece see Fig 7, the two
pieces being afterwards welded together at H.
We next and preferably at one operation form the "crank mould" above
described under pressure into a complete crank (see Fig 2) by means of suitably
shaped adjustable blocks.
For this purpose we first clamp or otherwise secure the barrel end of the
axle C to the block K Fig 8 in which is a recess N provided for the crank, and
then force down the shank end D by means of the suitably shaped tool M actuated
by hammer, hydraulic, or other pressure into the recess N as shewn in dotted lines
in Fig 8. The portion L of the block K is made loose so that it can be changed
for different sizes and also different kinds of axles. P. P. and Q. Q. represent
loose packings which can be changed to suit different depths of crank.
Our invention also refers to the mode of producing flaps or lugs solid on the
axles. This we effect by providing recesses in the tools A and B (see dotted lines
in Fig 1) in which we produce the crank moulds, so that projections of metal are
formed on the crank moulds at the point where the flaps or lugs are required.
These projections of metal are afterwards stamped or otherwise formed into the
required shape, by hammer, hydraulic, or other pressure.
Although in the above described description we have mentioned the forging or
drawing out of the barrel end as the first operation it will be evident that it is
immaterial to our invention whether the barrel end is forged or drawn out before
or after forging the "crank mould" as above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1° Forging or forming "crank moulds" with recesses E and F and corresponding
projections at the points where the corners or angles of the crank are
required substantially as herein set forth and shewn in the accompanying
drawings.
2° Forging or forming the complete crank from the "crank moulds" substatially
as herein set forth and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
3° Forging or forming solid lugs or flaps on the axle simultaneously with the
forging or forming of the axle substantially as herein set forth and shewn
in the accompanying drawings.
AMBROSE EDMUND BUTLER.
HUGH MYDDLETON BUTLER.