IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR STAMPING OR PULVERIZING MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR STAMPING OR PULVERIZING MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS "
communicated to him from Nathan Woodhull Condict Junior, a person resident
at Jersey City, Hudson County, State of New Jersey in the United States of
America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th April 1883.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR STAMPING OR PULVERIZING
MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS "
a communication to me by Nathan Woodhull
Condict Junior a person resident at Jersey City Hudson County, State of New
Jersey in the United States of America
The first part of this Invention relates to improvements in that class of
mechanism in which minerals and other materials are pulverized by power operated
stamp rods combined with mortars; and the main objects of the improvements are,
first, to maintain the minerals to be pulverized within the limits of the mortar ; and
secondly to afford facilities for the removal of the pulverized material while the
stamp is in operation.
The second part of the Invention consists of certain mechanism for the automatic
operation of the valves of duplex steam stamps or pulverizers in which the descent
of the stamp rods is due to the pressure of steam on the piston of each Cylinder
and their ascent to constant action of steam at a lower pressure against the under-
side of the pistons.
The third part of the invention consists of valve operating mechanism for a steam
stamping and pulverizing machine in which one mortar one stamp and one Cylinder
are used
According to the first part of the Invention a substantial frame is provided
carrying at the top two Cylinders-The pistons of these two Cylinders re con-
nected to stamp rods the lower ends of which operate on minerals or other material
Pine 877

page_text: to be pulverized in the mortars which are supported on a foundation separate from
that of the frame.
Sometimes a single steam Cylinder is used with one mortar and one stamp rod.
The steam Cylinders for a duplex stamp with valve operating mechanism will be
described hereafter also a single Cylinder and valve operating devices.
On the top of the Mortar is a Chamber to which air is admitted freely as
explained hereafter. This chamber communicates through a pipe with a receiver
and the latter through a pipe with the exhaust opening of a fan blower the discharge
opening of the latter communicating through a pipe with a second receiver.
The air rushing through the chamber of the Mortar carries with it the finely
pulverized material through the first named pipe the heavier and coarser particles
falling to the bottom of the first receiver and the finer particles passing through the
blower into the second receiver.
The mortar is a substantial casting containing an anvil which is let into the
bottom of the Mortar and is confined thereto by an annular tapering lining and a
ring secured to the flanged top of the Mortar.
It is preferred to use a packing ring of suitable yielding material between the
ring and flanged top of the Mortar and a similar packing ring between the upper
edge of the lining and the ring the metal in both cases being recessed to receive
the packing
Both the anvil and sides of the Mortar soon become worn by the violent
action of the stamp, hence the advisability of a detachable lining and anvil the
former of which can be readily removed-after the withdrawal of the ring the
anvil however is liable to become jammed in its place, but it can be easily dislodged
by a wedge-like tool driven through an orifico which is made in the Mortar for
this purpose
The chamber on the top of the Mortar is formed by a perforated casing secured
to the aforesaid ring and provided with a cover having a central opening through
which the lower end of the stamp rod passes.
This opening is closed partly by the stamp rod partly by a ring on the same and
partly by a flexible ring the inner edge of the ring being attached to a flange on
the ring on the stamp rod and the outer edge to the cover of the casing or to any
available part of the same. The inner edge of the flexible ring might be secured
directly to a flange on the Stamp-rod, but as it is preferred that the latter should
be at liberty to turn, the ring on the stamp rod is made in two parts so that it can
be readily adjusted to its place between two collars on the stamp rod and then
bolted together after which the canvas ring may be applied-It should be under-
stood that the ring on the stamp rod is fitted loosely to the stamp rod so that the
latter can turn freely in the ring
Within the chamber on the top of the Mortar and at a short distance from the
perforated casing there is an annular deflector which compels the air passing through
the perforations of the said casing to take a course down underneath the said
deflector.
The mineral or other material to be crushed is introduced into the chamber on
the top of the mortar through an inlet pipe to the lower end of which is provided
a valve the latter being connected by a link to the short arm of a weighted lever
pivoted to a stand on the cover
To the top of this cover is secured an annular box the continuity of which is
interrupted to afford room for the aforesaid inlet pipe and the lever for operating
the valve of the same.
That portion of the cover which is within the limit of the said box is perforated,
and the air which through the Agency of the fan blower rushes into the chamber
will pass through these perforations into the box and thence into the pipe to the
first receiver, the air carrying with it the particles of pulverized mineral
The flexible ring is of sufficient extent to permit the rising and falling of the
stamp to the required distance.

page_text: In some cases the pulverizing may take place without the introduction of air
into or its discharge from the Mortar the material being simply confined in the said
Mortar until reduced to the desired condition and provision being made for the
removal of the pulverized mass but in most cases the plan above described of with-
drawing the powder will be adopted.
The last receiver for the pulverized material it is proposed to make of canvas or
other fabric through the interstices of which the finest pulverized material will be
induced to pass by the action of the fan but as these interstices are apt to become
choked the following plan of collecting the powder is employed
A box is separated by a partition into two compartments which communicate
with each other through openings in the said partition at the bottom of the box in
which water or other suitable liquid is contained.
Air under pressure induced by the fan passes from the upper portion of the
receiver carrying with it the fine particles of minerals into one compartment of the
box the air passing through the water through the openings in the partition into
the compartment and thence through the open top of the same
A-screen extends across one of the compartiments and breaks up the volume of
air the consequence being the deposit of the finely pulverized mineral at the bottom
of the box the coarser particlės passing off through the lower outlet of the receiver
into any suitable receptacle
The second part of the Invention which relates to valve-operating-mechanism for
duplex steam stamps consists as follows:—
A hollow casting is secured to the top of and forms part of a frame and within
this casting is a chamber into which extend portions of two Cylinders each of the
latter being provided with a piston and piston rod connected to a stamp rod and
the two stamp rods being arranged to slide in guides secured to the frame.
The lower portions of the stamp rods operate in the hereinbefore described
mortars containing the minerals or other materials to be crushed.
Steam at a low pressure just sufficient to raise with the required rapidity the
stamp rods piston and piston rods is always maintained in the said chamber when
the machine is in operation, for which purpose a small steam pipe provided with a
valve weighted to blow off at the desired pressure is generally used
Each Cylinder is provided with a steam chest containing a valve preferably an
ordinary slide valve attached to a valve spindle a piston contained in a small
Cylinder being secured to or forming a part of the said Spindle and the small
Cylinder being attached to a suitable frame secured to the aforesaid casting
The seat of the valve of each of the Stamp rod Cylinders has two ports the one
affording when the valve permits it a communication between the interior of the
Cylinder above the Piston and the valve chest to which steam from the Boiler is
directed and the other or exhaust port forming a communication between the
atmosphere and the interior of the Cylinder above the piston through the other
port, the recess of the valve and an exhaust passage communicating with a suitable
exhaust pipe.
The chest of the small Cylinder contains an ordinary slide valve adapted to ports
similar to those of the steam Cylinder of an ordinary Steam Engine the valve
having two rods each of which terminates in or is attached to a slide adapted to
guides on the frame in which is also guided a vertical rod having an inclination
bearing against a roller on the slide of the valve rod.
The operation of the valve of the small Engine is due to the alternating
reciprocating motion of the two aforesaid vertical rods each of which is connected
by a link to an arm on a rock shaft which has its bearings in the frame and to
which is secured another arm.
The said arm of one rock shaft is connected by a rod to one end and the arm of
the other rock shaft is connected by a similar rod to the other end of a lever which
is secured midway between its opposite ends to a rock shaft having its bearings in
a hanger secured to the main casting and on the last named shaft is a segment on

page_text: the edge of which a brake shoe (preferably mounted with leather) is caused to bear
by spiral springs
To the segment or to the shaft thereof is secured a lever having two arms one of
.which projects over a flange on one of the stamp rods the other projecting over a
similar flange of the other stamp rods each flange preferably forming a part of the
coupling by which the piston-rod is secured to the stamp rod
One or other of the flanges as the stamp rod is completing its upward movement
strikes an arm of the lever and through the connection described admits the steam
to one or other side of the small Cylinder thereby so operating the valves of the
stamp rod Cylinders that steam will be admitted to one of the said Cylinders above
the Piston while the steam above the Piston of the other Cylinder is being
exhausted. The consequence of this will be the instant descent of the one stamp
rod the ascent of the other stamp rod the striking of the other arm of the lever the
reversal of the valves and the reverse movement of the stamp rods-Thus as one
stamp rod rises the other is forced downward and blow after blow is imparted by
the stamp to the mineral or other material in the two mortars
It has been found in practice that by arranging each arm of the aforesaid lever
in respect to the flange of the stamp rod at a short distance from a central line
there will be a tendency of the arm when struck to turn the said stamp-rod to a
limited extent and this is desirable for good results are attained by turning the
stamp at intervals.
The object of the friction device is to prevent an excess of movement of the lever
It is preferred to construct the device so that the brake shoe is pivotted midway
between its opposite ends to a block which is free to slide vertically in a projection
on the main casting. On each side of this sliding block a spiral spring is interposed
between the underside of the casting and a support which can be screwed in or out
of the shoe hence by turning these supports the springs can be made to press the
brake shoe with more or less force on the segment.
The valve rod forming the piston rod of the small Cylinder is furnished with
two discs one disc striking a projection on the valve chest of the one Cylinder
when the valve is moved in one direction and the other disc striking a similar
projection on the valve chest of the other Cylinder when the valve is moved in a
contrary direction in other words the projections serve as buffers to limit the
movement of the piston and consequently of the valves of the main cylinders,
recesses in the projections being packed with leather or other equivalent material.
The valve of the small Cylinder is never free being always under the control of
and locked by and between the two vertical rods before mentioned and although
the lever is at times free during the operation of the machine it is so restrained by
the above described friction device that there can be no movement of the vertical
rods and consequently no movement of the valve of the small Cylinder other than
the positive motion derived from the stamp rods
This plan of locking the valve of the small Cylinder at all times by the device
through the medium of which the valve is operated is a special element in the
invention and may be accomplished in different ways-For instance, it is not
essential that there should be two vertical rods for a single rod having two
inclinations and acting on two rollers on a single slide may be substituted for the
two rods each having a single inclination or a cam for thus operating and locking
the valve may be used
While slide valves are preferred in connection with the main Cylinders other
kinds of valves may be made available for performing the functions of the slide
valves.
The third feature of the Invention consists as follows:-
Within the supporting casting is formed a chamber and into the latter extends a
portion of the stamp rod Cylinder the piston-rod of which is connected to the
stamp-rod by a coupling referred to hereafter the stamp-rod being arranged to slide
in a guide secured to the frame through the medium of cross bars

page_text: As in the former case steam at a low pressure just sufficient to raise with the
required rapidity the stamp, stamp rod, piston and piston rod, is always maintained
within the chamber when the machine is in operation.
There is a steam chest containing an ordinary slide valve attached to the valve
spindle the valve seat having two ports the one affording when the valve permits
it, a communication between the interior of the Cylinder above the piston and the
valve chest to which steam from the boiler is directed through a pipe the lower or
exhaust port forming a communication between the Cylinder above the piston
through the other port and the recess of the valve with an exhaust passage
communicating with the exhaust pipe when the valve is open to the exhaust
A small steam Engine is secured to the frame and has a Cylinder piston and
piston rod steam amd exhaust passages a valve chest and valve precisely as in an
ordinary Steam Engine The valve of this small Engine is operated in the present
instance by an arm on a spindle which passes through the steam chest and which
has a lever connected by a rod to an arm on a shaft having its bearing in a bracket
on the frame and to this shaft is secured a second arm connected by a link to
another arm the lower end of which is pivotted to the frame this arm being bent
for a purpose explained hereafter.
An elastic arm is pivotted at its upper end to the frame, is bent and is
free at its lower end a link serving to connect this arm to the above mentioned
second arm.
The valve spindle of the main Cylinder is connected to the piston rod of the
small Cylinder through the medium of a link and a rock shaft having two arms
the one arm being connected to the Piston rod and the other arm to the valve
spindle and the rock shaft having its bearings in an attachment to the frame.
The coupling of the stamp rod has a flange which during the upward stroke of
the piston strikes against the aforesaid bent portion of the arm pivotted at its
lower end to the frame and forces it to one side and moves the valve of the small
Engine in one direction through the medium of the connections described and
causes the piston of the said small engine to so operate the valve of the main
Cylinder that steam will be admitted to the latter above the piston thereby
insuring the prompt descent of the stamp rod when the said dange also strikes the
elastic arm and moving the valve in a contrary direction to that in which it was
moved by the striking of the other arm thereby causing the piston of the small
Cylinder to so move the valve of the large Cylinder that the steam will be
exhausted from the latter above the piston thus permitting the steam at a lower
pressure in the Chamber to elevate the piston and stamp rod
It will be seen that the movement of the valve of the main Cylinder is directly
effected by the pressure of steam on the piston of the small Engine in obedience
to the action of the flange of the coupling on the aforesaid arins as this action
controls the valve of the small Engine hence as the small valve is of limited area
it can be operated by a slight effort and the wear on the said arms will be slight.
The Invention is not dependent upon the precise style of small engine used nor
the connections described between the piston rod of the small Engine and the
main valve or those between the arms and the valve of the said small engine for
the latter may be located in different positions demanding different connections.
As before reinarked the flexible arm or the lower portion of the same is elastic
so that on the descent of the stamp rod the said arm will yield before it acts on
the valve of the small Cylinder and permit an effective blow to be delivered before
the movement of the valve of the small engine causes the piston of the latter to
so move the main valve as to effect the rising of the stamp rod; in other words
owing to the elasticity of this arm there is a very slight hesitancy in its operation
of the valve of the small engine but the hesitancy is of sufficient duration to
permit the stainp rod to deliver the desired blow before it rises
The said arm must be nicely adjusted hence it is preferred to pivot it to a block
adapted to guides on the frame and controlled by a screw It is also important

page_text: that the said arm should be nicely adjusted in respect to the other arm hence a
connecting link is provided having a screw coupling by which the said link may
be lengthened or shortened-This link may if desired be connected directly to the
said arın
It is not essential that the arm called the elastic arm should possess inherent
elasticity it may be rigid provided that it is acted on by any elastic medium; it
may for instance be acted on by a spiral spring contained in a casing secured to
the frame the spring bearing against a rod jointed to the bar in which case the
latter although of itself rigid would be substantially an elastic arm.
Suitable projections on the main Piston rod or stamp rod may be made to
perform the same duties as the flange on the coupling by which the two rods
are connected together

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th October 1883.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR STAMPING OR PULVERIZING
MINERALS OR OTHER MATERIALS " a communication to me from Nathan Woodhull
Condict Junior a person resident at Jersey City, Hudson County, State of New
Jersey in the United States of America
The first part of this Invention relates to improvements in that class of
mechanism in which minerals and other materials are pulverized by power-operated
stamp rods combined with mortars; and the main objects of the improvements
are first to maintain the minerals to be pulverized within the limits of the Mortar
and secondly to afford facilities for the removal of the pulverized material while
the stamp is in operation.
The second part of the Invention consists of certain mechanism for the
automatic operation of the valves of duplex Steam stamps or pulverizers in which
the descent of the stamp rods is due to the pressure of steam on the piston of
each Cylinder and their ascent to constant action of steam at a lower pressure
against the underside of the pistons.
The third part of the Invention consists of valve operating mechanism for a
steam stamping and pulverizing machine in which one Mortar one stamp and one
Cylinder are used-The Invention has also further features as hereinafter fully
explained
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same Letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a general view of apparatus with which my Invention is connected;
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the Mortar and appliances connected therewith;
Figure 3 is a plan view (partly in section) of Figure 2 and Figure 4 is a horizontal
section taken on the line 1-2 figure 2; Figure 5 a sectional view of apparatus
for collecting the pulverized material; Figure 6 a front view partly in section of
part of a duplex steam stamp illustrating the valve-operating mechanism; Figure 7
is an enlarged view of part of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a horizontal section taken
on the line 1-2, Figure 6; Figure 9 is a rear view partly in section the main
valves being omitted in order to shew the ports; Figure 10 is a top view partly
in section; Figure 11 is a sectional plan on the line 3, 4 figure 6; Figure 12 is a
sectional perspective view illustrating part of the valve motion; Figures 13 and 14
represent modifications of part of the valve operating device; and Figures 15, 16,
and 17 are views representing the valve operating mechanism arranged for a
stamp with a single Cylinder.
According to the first part of the Invention shewn in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4—A
Figure 1, is a substantial frame carrying at the top two Cylinders B, one only
being shewn in the drawing. The pistons of these two Cylinders are connected to
stamp rods C the lower ends of which operate on the minerals or other material
to be pulverized in the Mortars L which are supported on a foundation separate
from that of the frame A-Although I have mentioned two Cylinders stamp rods
and mortars, yet a single Cylinder with one mortar and one stamp rod may be
used if desired.
The steam Cylinders for a duplex stamp with valve operating mechanism
therefor will be described hereafter also a single Cylinder and valve-operating
devices therefor.

page_text: On the top of the Mortar L is a chamber L³ to which air is admitted freely as
hereinafter explained-This Chamber communicates through a pipe M with a
receiver M¹, and the latter communicates through a pipe N with the exhaust
opening of a fan blower N', the discharge opening of the latter communicating
through a pipe P with a second receiver Pl
•
The air rushing through the chamber of the Mortar carries with it the finely
pulverized material through the pipe M the heavier and coarser particles falling to
the bottom of the receiver M', and the finer particles passing through the pipe N,
blower N¹ and pipe P into the second Receiver P¹.
The Mortar L is a substantial casting containing the anvil Q which is let
into the bottom of the mortar and is confined thereto by the annular tapering
lining Q' and a strong ring R secured to the flanged top of the Mortar.
It is preferred to use a packing ring 9 of suitable yielding material between the
ring R and flanged top of the mortar and a similar packing ring 10 between the
upper edge of the lining and the ring, the metal in both cases being recessed to
receive the said packings.
Both the anvil and the sides of the Mortar soon become worn by the violent
action of the stamp hence the advisability of a detachable lining and anvil the
former of which can be readily removed after the removal of the ring R; the
anvil however is liable to become jammed in its place, but it can be easily dislodged
by a wedge like tool driven through an orifico v which is made in the mortar for
this purpose.
The chamber L' on the top of the mortar is formed by a perforated casing S
secured to the ring R and provided with a cover S¹ having a central opening w
through which the lower end of the stamp rod O passes. This opening wis closed
partly by the stamp-rod partly by a ring w¹ on the same and partly by a flexible
ring y of canvas or other suitable material the inner edge of the said ring y being
attached to a flange on the ring w¹ and the outer edge to the cover S' of the cusing
or to any available part of the same. The inner edge of the said flexible ring y
might be secured directly to a flange on the stamp-rod, but as it is preferred that
the latter should be at liberty to turn, the ring w³ on the stamp rod is made in
two parts so that it can be readily adjusted to its place between two collars on the
stamp-rod, and then bolted together after which the canvas ring may be applied.
It should be understood that the ring w' is fitted loosely to the stamp rod so that
the said stamp rod can turn freely in the said ring
Within the Chamber L on the top of the mortar and at a short distance from the
perforated casing S there is an annular deflector 3 which compels the air passing
through the perforations of the said Casing to take a course down underneath the
said Deflector as indicated by the arrows in Figure 2.
That
The mineral or other material to be crushed is introducod into the chamber L'
through the inlet pipe 4 to the lower end of which is pivotted a valve 5 the latter
being connected by a link 6 to the short arm of a weighted lever 7 pivotted to a
stand on the cover S-To the top of the cover S¹ is secured an annular box 8 the
continuity of which as shewn in Figure 3 is interrupted to afford room for the
aforesaid inlet pipe 4 and the lever for operating the valve of the same.
portion of the cover S¹ which is within the limit of the said box 8 is perforated
and the air which through the Agency of the fan blower rushes into the
chamber L¹ will pass through these perforations into the box 8 and thence into
the pipe M to the first receiver M' the air carrying with it the particles of
pulverized mineral.
The flexible ring y is of sufficient extent to permit the rising and falling of the
stamp to the required distance.
In some cases the pulverizing may take place without the introduction of air
into or its discharge from the mortar, the material being simply confined in the said
Mortar until reduced to the desired condition and provision being made for the
removal of the pulverized mass; but in most cases the plan above described of
withdrawing the powder will be adopted.
I

page_text: The last receiver P¹ for the pulverized material it is proposed to make of canvas
or other fabric, through the interstices of which the finest pulverized material
will be induced to pass by the action of the fan but as these interstices are apt
to become choked the following plan, shewn in Figure 5, of collecting the powder
may be employed
A box M² is separated by a partition w³ into two compartments P2 and P3 which
communicate with each other through openings w³ in the said partition w³ at the
bottom of the box, in which water or other suitable liquid is maintained at about
the level shewn,
Air under pressure induced by the fan N' passes from the upper portion of the
receiver carrying with it the fine particles of minerals into the compartment P³
of the box the air passing through the water through the openings w³ in the
partition w² into the compartment P2, and thence through the open top of
the same.
A screen y¹ extends across the compartment P₁ and breaks up the volume of
air the consequence being the deposit of the finely pulverized mineral at the bottom
of the box the coarser particles passing off through the lower outlet of the first
receiver into any suitable receptacle.
The second part of the invention which relates to valve operating mechanism for
duplex steam stamps is illustrated in figures 6 to 15 inclusive of the accompanying
drawings and consists as follows:-
A hollow casting A is secured to the top of and forms part of, a frame which
may be like that shewn in figure 1, and within this casting is a chamber A' into
which extend portions of two Cylinders B B¹ each of the latter being provided with
a piston and piston rod connected to a stamp-rod and the two stamp-rods C C¹
being arranged to slide in guides secured to the frame.
The lower portions of the stamp rods operate in the hereinbefore described
mortars containing the minerals or other materials to be crushed.
Steam at a low pressure just sufficient to raise with the required rapidity the
stamp-rods, piston and piston rods is always maintained in the said Chamber A'
when the machine is in operation for which purpose a small steam pipe c
provided with a valve weighted to blow off at the desired pressure, is generally
used.
Each Cylinder is provided with a steam Chest D containing a valve preferably
an ordinary slide valve attached to a valve spindle a a piston b contained in
a small Cylinder E being secured to or forming a part of the said spindle.
The said small Cylinder E is attached to a suitable frame d secured to the
casting A.
The seat of the valve of each of the stamp rod Cylinders B and B¹ has two
ports e and the former affording when the valves permit it a communication
between the interior of the Cylinder above the piston and the valve chest, to
which steam from the boiler is directed through a pipe g and the other or exhaust
portfforming a communication between the atmosphere and the interior of the
Cylinder above the piston through the port e the recess of the valve and an oxhaust
passage communicating with a suitable exhaust pipe.
The chest of the small Cylinder E contains an ordinary slide valve / (see
figure 10) adapted to ports similar to those of the steam Cylinder of an ordinary
Steam Engine, the valve having two rods h¹¹ each of which terminates in or is
attached to a slide i adapted to guides j on the framed in which is also guided a
vertical rod k having an inclination k¹ bearing against a roller on the slide i (see
figures 9 and 13)
The operation of the valve of the small Engine is due to the alternating
reciprocating motion of the two vertical rods kk each of which is connected by a
link to an arm n on a rock shaft F (Figure 9) which has its bearings in the frame d
and to which is secured another arm n' Figure 6.
The said arm n¹ of one rock shaft F is connected by a rod p to one end of a
lever G and the arm n¹ of the other rock shaft F is connected by a similar rod to

page_text: the other end of the said lever G which is secured midway between its opposite
ends to a rock shaft H having its bearings in a hanger H₁ secured to the casting A
and on the said shaft H is a segment I on the edge of which a brake shoe I'
(preferably mounted with leather) is caused to bear by spiral springs 8. (see
Figure 7)
To the segment I or to the shaft H is secured the lever J having two arms q q'
one of which projects over the flanger on the stamp rod C the other projecting
over a similar flange of the other stamp rod C¹ each flange preferably forming a
part of the coupling by which the piston rod is secured to the stamp rod.
In figure 6 the flange r, as the stamp rod C was completing its upward move-
ment, has struck the arm q of the lever J, and through the connections described
has admitted the steam to the small Cylinder to the right of the piston, thereby so
operating the valves of the Cylinders B and B¹, that steam will be admitted
through the port e to the Cylinder B above the piston, while the steam above the
piston of the other Cylinder B¹ is being exhausted. The consequence of this will
be, the instant descent of the stamp rod C, the ascent of the other stamp rod O¹,
the striking of the other arm q' of the lever J, the reversal of the valves, and, the
reverse movement of the stamper rods. Thus as one stamp rod rises the other is
forced downward and blow after blow is imparted by the stamps to the mineral
or other material in the mortars
It has been found in practice that by arranging each arm of the aforesaid lever J
in respect to the flange of the stamp rod in the manner shewn in Figure 8, that is
at a short distance from a central line 2, 2, there will be a tendency of the arm
when struck to turn the said stamp rod to a limited extent and this is desirable
for good results are attained by turning the stamp at intervals.
The object of the herein before mentioned friction device is to prevent an excess
of movement of the lever J. It is preferred to construct the device in the manner
shewn in Figure 7 on reference to which it will be seen that the brake shoe I¹ is
pivotted midway between its opposite ends to a block 12 which is free to slide
vertically in a projection on the casting A. On each side of this sliding block a
spiral springs is interposed between the underside of the casting A and a
support t which can be screwed in or out of the shoe I¹ hence by turning these
supports the springs can be made to press the brake-shoe with more or less force
on the segment I.
The valve rod a forming the piston rod of the small Cylinder E is furnished with
two discs a¹ a¹ one disc striking projection bon the valve chest of the Cylinder B
when the valve is moved in one direction and the other disc striking a similar
projection on the valve chost of the Cylinder B¹ when the valve is moved in a
contrary direction; in other words the projections serve as buffers to limit the
movement of the piston and consequently of the valves of the main Cylinders,
recesses in the projections being packed with leather or other equivalent material.
Referring to Figure 9 it will be observed that the valve of the small Cylinder is
never free being always under the control of and locked by and between the two
vertical rods kl and although the lever J is at times free during the operation of
the machine, it is so restrained by the above described friction device, that there
can be no movement of the rods k k and consequently no movement of the valve of
the small Cylinder, other than the positive motion derived from the stamp rods.
This plan of locking the valve of the small Cylinder at all times by the device
through the medium of which the valve is operated is a special element in the
Invention, and may be accomplished in different ways. For instance it is not
essential that there should be two rods & for a single rod having two inclinations
as shewn in Figure 13 and acting on two rollers on a single slide, may be substituted
for the two rods each having a single inclination; or a cam for thus operating and
locking the valve may be used as shewn in Figure 14
While slide valves are preferred in connection with the main Cylinders, other
kinds of valves may be made available for performing the functions of the slide
valves.

page_text: The third feature of the invention is illustrated in Figures 15, 16 and 17 and
consists as follows:-
Within the supporting casting D is formed a chamber E, figure 17, and into the
latter extends a portion of the stamp rod Cylinder F, G being the piston and H the
piston rod which is connected to the stamp rod C by a coupling J referred to
hereafter the stamp rod being arranged to slide in a guide a secured to the frame
through the medium of cross bars 6.
As in the former case steam at a low pressure (just sufficient to raise with the
required rapidity the stamp, stamp rod, piston and piston rod) is always maintained
within the chamber when the machine is in operation.
G' is the steam chest containing an ordinary slide valve attached to the valve
spindle & the valve seat having two ports e and ƒ the former affording when the
valve permits it a communication between the interior of the Cylinder above the
piston and the valve chest, to which steam from the boiler is directed through a
pipe K, the lower or exhaust port ƒ forming a communication between the Cylinder
above the piston through the other port e and the recess of the valve with an
exhaust passage communicating with the exhaust pipe L when the valve is open to
the exhaust.
A small steam engine M is secured to the frame and has a Cylinder piston and
piston-rod steam and exhaust passages a valve chest and valve precisely as in
an ordinary steam engine. The valve m of this small engine is operated in the
present instance by an arm n on a spindle which passes through the steam chest
and which has a lever N connected by a rod to an arm P on a shaft y having its
bearing in a bracket on the frame and to this shaft is secured an arm P¹ connected
by a link to an arm R the lower end of which is pivotted to the frame, this arm
being bent at a for a purpose hereinafter explained.
An elastic or flexible arm S is pivotted at its upper end to the frame, is bent as
shewn, and is free at its lower end, a link T serving to connect this arm to the
above mentioned arm P¹.
The valve spindle d of the main Cylinder is connected to the piston-rod w of the
small Cylinder by a link and a rock shaft v¹ having two arms V and V' the
arm V being connected to the piston rod and the arm V₁ to the valve spindle and
the rock shaft having its bearings in an attachment to the frame
The coupling J has a flange t which during the upward stroke of the piston
strikes against the bent portion of the arm R and forces it to the position shewn
by dotted lines in Figure 15 moves the valve m of the small engine in one direction
through the medium of the connections described and causes the piston of the said
small engine to so operate the valve of the main Cylinder that steam will be
admitted to the latter above the piston thereby insuring the prompt descent of the
stamp rod the flange t striking the arm S and moving the valve m in a contrary
direction to that in which it was moved by the striking of the arm R thereby
causing the piston of the small Cylinder to so move the valve of the large Cylinder
that the steam will be exhausted from the latter above the piston thus permitting the
steam.at a lower pressure in the chamber E to elevate the piston and stamp-rod
It will be seen that the movement of the valve of the main Cylinder is directly
effected by the pressure of steam on the piston of the small Engine in obedience to
the action of the flange t of the coupling on the aforesaid arms R and S, as this
action controls the valve of the small Engine; hence as the small valve is of
limited area it can be operated by a slight effort and the wear on the said arms R
and S will be slight.
The invention is not dependent upon the precise kind of small engine used nor
to the precise arrangement of the connections described between the piston-rod of
the small Engine and the main valve or those between the arms R and S, and the
valve of the said small Engine for the latter may be located in different positions
demanding different connections.
As before remarked the arm S or the lower portion of the same is elastic or
flexible so that on the descent of the stamp rod the said arm will yield before it

page_text: acts on the valve of the small Cylinder and permit an effective blow to be delivered
before the movement of the valve of the small engine causes the piston of the latter
to so move the main valve as to effect the rising of the stamp rod; in other words
owing to the elasticity or flexibility of the said arm S there is a very slight
hesitancy in its operation of the valve of the small Engine but the hesitancy is of
sufficient duration to permit the stamp rod to deliver the desired blow before it
rises
The arm S must be nicely adjusted hence it is preferred to pivot it to a block i
Figure 15 adapted to guides on the frame and controlled by a screw j It is also
important that the said arm S should be nicely adjusted in respect to the arm R
hence the connecting link T is provided with a screw coupling by which the said
link may be lengthened or shortened. This link may if desired be connected
directly to the said arm R.
It is not essential that the arm S should possess inherent elasticity or flexibility
it may be rigid provided that it is acted on by any elastic medium, it may for
instance be acted on by a spiral spring contained in a casing p secured to the
frame as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 15 the spring bearing against a rod
jointed to the arm in which case the latter although of itself rigid would be
substantially an elastic arm
Suitable projections on the main piston rod or stamp-rod may be made to perform
the same duties as the flange t on the Coupling by which the two rods are
connected together
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect
I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and
therefore claim as the invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited
Letters Patent is :-
First. The combination in stamping mechanism of the following elements
namely, first a mortar, second a perforated casing communicating with exhaust
mechanisin ; third a stamp rod; and fourth a flexible ring attached to the said
stamp-rod and to the said casing substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated more particularly in figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Second. The combination of the Mortar perforated casing stamp rod and flexible
ring y with the shield or deflector 3 substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated.
Third The combination of the Mortar, the casing the stamp rod and its two
collars the two part ring w¹ and the flexible ring y substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated.
Fourth. The combination of the mortar, the casing, stamp-rod and flexible ring
with the box 8 communicating with the interior of the casing and having an
outlet M. all substantially as herein before described and illustrated more particularly
in figures 2 and 3.
Fifth. The combination of the Mortar the casing the deflector and box 8 commu-
nicating with the interior of the casing and having an outlet M all substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Sixth. The combination of the mortar L anvil Q lining Q¹ and ring R substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated
Seventh-The combination of the Mortar, anvil, lining, and ring R with packing
rings 9 and 10 as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Eighth. The combination in duplex stamps in which the descent of the stamp
rods is due to the pressure of steam on the pistons of the Cylinders and their
ascent to steam at a lower pressure, of the following elements namely first two
Cylinders having connected valves; Second, a small Cylinder the piston of which
is secured to or forms a part of the valve spindles of the two Cylinders; third a
valve-operating and valve-locking device; and fourth, mechanism whereby the
stamp rods or piston rods of the main Cylinders are caused to operate the said
device all substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in figures 6 to 14.

page_text: Ninth. The combination of the valves of the two main Cylinders, a small
Cylinder E having a piston connected to both valves with a reciprocating rod or
rods having inclinations for acting on the valve spindles and with mechanism
whereby the stamp-rods or piston-rods of the main Cylinders are caused to operate
the said rod or rods & substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
Tenth. The combination of the valve spindle of the small Cylinder the guided
rod or rods having inclinations for acting on the said valve spindle with the
flanges r on the stamp rods or piston rods of the main Cylinders, the lever J and
mechanism for connecting the said lever to the rod or rods k substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Eleventh. The combination of the lever J and valve operating mechanism
connected thereto with a friction device for restricting the movement of said lever
substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
Twelfth. The combination of the rock shaft H the lever J and segment I with
the brake shoe I¹ the sliding block to which the shoe is pivotted; and adjustable
springs for forcing the shoe against the segment substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated more particularly in figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
Thirteenth. The combination of the flanges ¹ on the stamp-rods or piston-rods of
the main Cylinders with the valve operating lever J situated away from a line
drawn through the centres of the stamp rods as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by Figures 6 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Fourteenth. A steam stamp in which the following elements are combined
namely First a steam Cylinder to the piston of which the stamp rod is connected;
second a chamber in which steam at a low pressure is maintained for acting on the
underside of the piston; third a valve for admitting steam to and exhausting it
from the Cylinder above the piston; fourth a small steam Engine the piston of which
is connected to the main valve; and fifth mechanism through the medium of which
the valve of the small steam Engine is controlled by the Piston or stamp rod of the
main Cylinder all substantially as heroinbefore described with reference to figures 15,
16 and 17 of the accompanying drawings.
Fifteenth The combination of a projection on the piston-rod or stamp-rod of
the large Cylinder and the small engine having its piston connected to the main
valve with an arm R and mechanism through the medium of which the said arm is
caused to act on the valve of the said small engine substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated more particularly in figure 15.
Sixteenth. The combination of a projection on the piston rod or stamp rod of the
large Cylinder and the small engine having its piston connected to the main valve
with an elastic or flexible arm S and mechanism through the medium of which the
said arm is caused to act on the valve of the said small Engine substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Seventeenth. The combination of the elastic or flexible arm S with an adjustable
block i to which the arm is pivotted substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in figure 15
Eighteenth. The combination of the piston-rod or stamp-rod of the main
Cylinder the arın R and the elastic or flexible arm S connected to the said arm R
all substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figure 15.
In witness whereof I the said John Henry Johnson have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal this niuth day of October One thousand eight hundred and
eighty three.