IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING AND MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1885

page_text: .
Tiles, and the like.
I REGINALD STANLEY, of The Midland Tile Works, Nuneaton, in the county of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING AND MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, AND
THE LIKE" to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of machinery or
apparatus to be worked by manual, horse, steam or other power for making or
pressing and delivering bricks, tiles, and other articles made of loam, clay, marl,
sand, or other materials in a dry, powdered, moist, or plastic state. For this
purpose I employ a heavy fly wheel of large diameter fixed in a horizontal shaft
which is carried on and works in two bearings, one on each side of the Fly wheel.
The shaft extends on either side of the Fly wheel and beyond the bearings to
the required distance, and another bearing or bearings can be placed at an interval
or intervals as required. On one or either side of the shaft and on one or both
sides of the Fly wheel, I fix in a horizontal position a box or boxes containing
interior plates or boxes, which latter can be renewed as required.
When more than one of the said boxes is employed, I cast or couple the boxes
opposite one another on either side of the shaft, the shaft running immediately
between them, so that the pressure applied to the box on one side is counter-
balanced by the pressure applied to the box on the other side, thereby avoiding as
much as possible friction to the shaft and boxes. The required pressure is effected
by means of wedge shaped cams or eccentrics attached to the shaft immediately
between the boxes, so that when the shaft revolves, the cams or eccentrics work
and press against plungers which are thereby pushed outwards horizontally into
the hereinbefore described inner boxes, and the said plungers will press the clay,
clay-dust or other substance that is within the boxes into the shape required and
will also give it the required density.
The pressed bricks or the like are then pushed back out of the boxes by the
action of a second set of wedge shaped cams or eccentrics arranged on the shaft;
The said cams or eccentrics operate rods and levers working on hinges or joints,
which latter move forward a second set of plungers.

page_text: The pressed bricks or the like are then lifted to the required level by the action
of a third set of wedge shaped cams or eccentrics on the shaft, which cams or
eccentrics operate levers working underneath the boxes, from whence the articles
can then be removed by hand or, as in the case of articles pressed or moulded from
powdered clay, they can be pushed aside by the mouth pieces of the hoppers
which also serve to feed the machine with the material to be pressed or moulded.
The hoppers and mouth pieces in this case are caused to work automatically by
being connected with the said second set of plungers or otherwise. A fourth set
of wedge shaped cams or eccentrics arranged on the shaft serve to operate rods
attached to the levers jointed to the herein before described rods so as to pull back
the plungers attached to the said lever at the time and to the distance required.
I sometimes form the plungers and inner boxes with spaces or passages for the
purpose of admitting steam or hot air, so as to warm the same, thereby preventing
the clay from adhering as much as it would otherwise do.
It will be obvious that the number of the boxes or presses on each side of the
shaft or on each side of the Fly wheel can be increased according to requirements
or to the strength of the motive power or machinery."

page_text: Tunes, апа ще пко.
I REGINALD STANLEY, of The Midland Tile Works, Nuneaton, in the county of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of machinery or
apparatus to be worked by manual, horse, steam or other power for making,
pressing and delivering bricks, tiles, blocks for fuel and other articles made of loam,
clay, marl, sand, fine coal or slack or other materials, in a dry, powdered, granulated,
moist, or plastic state.
i
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1 represents a plan
partly in section of a machine for pressing and moulding bricks, tiles, and the like
constructed according to my invention; figure 2, is an end elevation of the same,
the shaft and the beams for supporting the machine being shewn in section;
figures 3, 4 and 5 are detached views of parts of the machine; figures 1, 2 and 3
are drawn to a scale of about one inch to a foot and figure 4 about two inches to a
foot. Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
For the purpose of my invention I employ a heavy fly wheel a, of large diameter
placed or fixed on a horizontal shaft b, either directly by means of a key or keys
or otherwise, or indirectly as shewn in figure 1, by means of, and working in
connection with a friction clutch c, the core of which is fixed or keyed to the
shaft b. The shaft b, is carried on and works in two bearings d, one on each side
of the fly wheel a.
The shaft b, extends on either side of the fly wheel a, and beyond the bearings d,
to the required distance, and another bearing or bearings can be placed at an
interval or intervals as required.
On each side of the shaft b, (or one side only thereof) and on one side (or both
sides) of the fly wheel a, I fix in a horizontal position a box or frame e, containing
an interior box f, plungers g and h, having moulding plates or surfaces i and j,
respectively and rods hereinafter described all of which can be renewed as required.
When, as shewn in the drawing, more than one of the said boxes or frames e, is
employed I cast or couple them by means of threaded pins or bolts and nuts k, or
otherwise, opposite one another on either side of the shaft b, the shaft running
immediately between them, so that the pressure applied to the box or frame e, on
one side is counter-balanced by the pressure applied to the box or frame e, on the
other side, thereby avoiding as much as possible friction to the shaft b, and boxes
or frames e, e.
The required pressure and action are effected by means of cams or eccentrics
hereinafter described attached to the shaft immediately between and just outside
the boxes or frames, so that when the shaft b, revolves the cams or eccentrics work
and press against the plungers or rods which are thereby pushed outwards. as
required at right angles with the shaft into or near the hereinbefore described
boxes or frames e, e, and give the pressure required and act upon other rods and

page_text: levers and perform the operations required. Figure 3 represents a section of the
shaft b, with one set of the said cams or eccentrics and shewing the relative
positions thereof on the shaft.
The pressure for pressing or consolidating the clay or other substance from which
the article is to be manufactured when the said substance has entered the inner 5
boxes f, through vertical openings a¹, a¹, in the boxes f, f, is effected by means of
the cams or eccentrics I, attached to the shaft b, immediately between the boxes or
frames e, e, so that when the shaft revolves, the cams or eccentrics l, will work and
press against the plungers h, which are thereby pushed out horizontally into the
herein before described inner boxes f, and the plungers h, will press the clay, clay 1
dust or other substance that is within the boxes f, into the shape required between
themselves and the plungers g, which at this time will have moved with the
plungers h, into their farthest outward position and will also give the clay or the
like the required density.
When the cams have revolved past the plungers h, the latter are returned to 1
their former position by the action of springs one of which is shewn at m, figure 1
attached to studs n, above and below the plungers and to studs o, on the box f, of
the machine.
The pressed bricks, tiles or the like are then pushed back over the vertical
openings a¹, a¹, by the action of the second set of cams or eccentrics p, arranged on
the shaft b.-The said cams or eccentrics p, operate rods q, and levers r, working
on hinges or joints 8, which lovers move forward the second set of plungers g, g.
The levers r, have slotted holes in their hinges or joints to allow of play or
lateral motion where required; small cams t, t, serve to move the plungers g, by
means of rods u, and the levers 72, (pivoted at 3, and provided with slotted holes
in their joints) so as to be clear of the hereinafter described lifting plungers when
they rise.
The pressed bricks, tiles or the like are then lifted to the required level by the
action of another cam or eccentric w, on the shaft b, which cam or eccentric by
.means of a rod or plunger y, operates levers x, working underneath the boxes or
frames e, e, the end of which levers x, work with slotted joints or through holes in
the pressing down plunger y, or lifting plungers e, z, to allow of the advancing
and withdrawing motions of the levers ; g³, g³, are guides for steadying the
plungers, as they rise and descend. By this means the plungers z, z, are causeḍ
to lift the articles pressed to the level of the top of the frame e, from whence the
articles can then be removed by hand, or as in the case of articles pressed or
moulded from powdered clay they can, as shewn, be pushed aside, by the hereinafter
described moveable mouthpieces 6, of the hopper c', which also serve to feed the
.machine with the material to be pressed or moulded.
The plungers g, are moved back in the inner boxes as the plunger h, advances by
means of the cams d¹, acting on the rods u, and levers r²; b³, b², are shearing plates
serving to support the pressure of the plungers g, and which are intended to shear
in case of undue pressure or other suitable means can be employed for this
.purpose.
The mouths b', of the hopper c¹, are moved backward and forward by means of
cams or eccentrics e¹, e', on the shaft b, revolving just outside the frames or boxes e;
one part e, of the said cams or eccentrics e¹, pressing upon levers f¹, connected by
rods g', with the mouths b¹³, of the hopper c¹, pushes the mouths over the vertical
openings a, in which work the plungers z, while the latter are level with the top
of the boxes e; the mouths 6', thus perform the several operations of pushing off
the pressed or moulded articles that have been lifted up from the boxes e, by the
plungers z, and compressing the clay or other material within the said mouthpieces
as will be hereinafter described the other part of the cams or eccentrics e¹, is formed
as shewn at es, to allow the levers f¹, and rods g¹, to be pulled by the action of
levers h¹, with weights i¹, and to move back sufficiently to widen the mouthpieces b
of the hopper c, one side of the mouthpieces being removeable to a certain distance
for this purpose as hereinafter described; the partially compressed clay or other

page_text: material is thereby allowed to descend on the plungers z, into the inner boxes f, to
be still further compressed by the action of.the.cams or eccentrics l. The cams or
eccentrics el, then allow the levers f¹, and rods g¹, to move still farther so that the
mouthpieces 6, of the hopper c¹, are pulled (by the weight i¹, acting on the lever h¹,
keyed on a stud ¹,) back against snugs or projections b³, and c³, on the hopper c¹,
and frames e, respectively and clear of the openings a¹, in which the lifting
plungers z, work, to be again filled with powdered clay or other material through
the feed orifices k', in the hopper c¹, above; the projections b³, and c³, serve to
give the hopper a shake in order to cause the material to drop therefrom into the
mouthpieces below.
The mouthpieces b₁, of the hoppers are constructed in halves m¹, and n², as shewn
in end and side views at figures 4 and 5 respectively which can be pressed together
flatways the size of the spaces between them for the powdered clay or other
material being regulated by set screws , working in lugs as, on the halves m',
and passing loosely through the other halves n', which screws when the pressing
sides or halves are withdrawn allow the said spaces in the mouthpieces to become
enlarged to the extent allowed by the pins 1, the contents being then released.
By means of the set screws 1, the mouthpieces can be adjusted so that the upper
part shall contain a greater thickness of clay or other material than the bottom
part to compensate for the clay dust or other material when dropped from the
hopper being more dense at the bottom of the mouthpieces than at the top;
cs, cs, are brackets on the boxes or frames e, serving as stops for the mouthpieces b¹,
to allow of the material being pressed therein, projections d³, being formed on the
mouthpieces to meet the said brackets.
The short sides o³, of the mouthpieces b', at right angles with the pressing
sides m² and n¹, are slightly wider apart at the bottom than the top as shewn in
dotted lines in figure 4 so as to offer no obstruction to the partially compressed
clay dust or other material being released and descending on the lifting plungers z,
to be further compressed within the inner boxes f, by the action of the plungers h,
and cams or eccentrics 7, as hereinbefore described.
•
e3, shews one or two projections on the boxes or frames e, for the purpose
of giving the side n', of the mouthpieces b¹, a slight jerk to insure the partly
pressed material leaving the faces of the mouthpieces when the latter are opened;
f³, represent dovetail grooves in the plungers z, in which grooves wire scrapers or
oiled material can be inserted when required to clean or lubricate the face i, of the
plungers g.
The plungers 2, are made heavy in order to ensure them descending when the
cam w, leaves the plunger y, or I sometimes attach a weight to the plungers z, or
lift up the plunger y, by the action of a lever worked from one of the cams e¹.
pl, pl, are the beams to which the boxes or frames e, are bolted; q', q', are brick
or stone supports for the bearings d, of the shaft b.
The operation of the machine is as follows:
The hopper c', being supplied with the material to be pressed and moulded and
the mouthpieces b¹, being under the openings k³, and having been filled with the
material to be pressed, the shaft b, and fly wheel a, are set in motion by means of
a belt on the fly wheel b, or by suitable gearing fixed on the shaft and worked by
manual, horse, steam, or other power. The cam w, will lift the plungers z, with
their tops level with the tops of the boxes e, and will keep them in that position
while the mouthpieces b¹, of the hopper are pushed over the plungers z, by their
cams, e', and rods g¹, and levers f1, which at the same time press the mouthpieces
between the rods g, and the brackets c³, then by the further action of the cams e¹,
and weights, the sides n¹, of the mouthpieces are slightly withdrawn thereby
allowing the partly pressed contents of the mouthpieces b¹, to rest on the
plungers 2, which now descend (the cam w, passing away from the plunger y,)
and carry with them the partly pressed material into the inner boxes f. The
cams 7, now commence to actuate the plungers h, thereby pushing along the partly
pressed clay dust or other material in the inner boxes f, where it is compressed

page_text: between the two sets of plungers h, and g, the plungers g, resting with their back
faces against the shearing plates 62, in the boxes or frames e; as soon as the cams 7,
have passed by the plungers h, the cams p, commence to act upon the rods q which
through the levers r, working on the hinges or joints 8, propel the plungers g.
thereby causing them to move the article pressed into a line with the openings a².
The small cams t, then cause the plungers g, to withdraw slightly into the inner
boxes f, when the cam w, will by means of the levers x, cause the plungers 3, to
lift the pressed articles to the level of the top of the boxes e, and while the said
cams hold the plungers in their raised position the cams e¹, will push the mouth-
pieces b¹, over the plungers z, thereby pushing away the pressed articles, the said
mouth-pieces being then ready to be again filled from the hopper c, and so on.
.
Although I have described the mouth-pieces 61, as being formed in two parts, in
some cases as when pressing partly dried moulded clay, I can construct the mouth-
pieces in one piece as will be well understood.
I sometimes form the plungers and inner boxes with spaces or passages for the
purpose of admitting steam or hot air so as to warm the same thereby preventing
the clay or other material from adhering as much as it would otherwise do.
It will be obvious that the number of the boxes or presses on each side of the
shaft or on each side of the fly wheel can be increased according to requirements
or to the strength of the motive power or machinery.
:
I sometimes work the machine without the herein before described hoppers and
mouthpieces and in that case I fill in the clay dust, plastic clay, or other material
to be pressed, and remove the same when pressed by hand or by other suitable
means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In a machine for pressing and moulding bricks, tiles, and the like, the
combination with a single central horizontal shaft having a fly wheel which
revolves continuously, of a series of cams or eccentrics on the said shaft arranged
in such a manner that while the shaft revolves the necessary operations are
performed for pressing and delivering bricks, tiles and other articles in an unburnt
state substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
drawing.
2. In a machine for pressing and moulding bricks, tiles, and the like. the herein
described arrangement of two or more boxes or frames attached to one another and
placed on each side of a fly wheel shaft so that the pressure applied in one or more
of the said boxes on one side of the shaft by means of cams or eccentrics on
the shaft for pressing the materials placed therein is counterbalanced by the
pressure applied in the other box or boxes on the other side of the shaft
substantially as herein before described and represented in the accompanying
drawing:
3. The improved machine for pressing and moulding bricks, tiles, and the like,
hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying drawing.