The Manufacture and Production of Black Colouring Matters of the Anthraquinone Series.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 12th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 14th May, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture and Production of Black Colouring Matters of the
Anthraquinone Series.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been
communicated to me from abroad by the Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik of
Ludwigshafen-on-Rhine, in the Empire of Germany) to be as follows:-
In the Specification of Letters Patent No. 1524295 there is described the obtain-
ment of colouring matters by heating certain derivatives of the anthraquinone
series with alkali sulphides, or polysulphides, the said colouring matters dyeing
cotton black directly in the cold bath.
My foreign correspondents have now discovered that not only the nitro-deriva-
tives of anthraquinone but all the derivatives of anthraquinone can be changed
in this manner and it is a matter of indifference, whether they contain a nitro-
group (nitroanthraquinone) or halogen atoms (beta-dibrom-anthraquinone) or
hydroxyls (alizarine, hexaoxyanthraquinone) or only sulpho-groups (anthra-
quinone-sulpho-acids).
Up to the present the best results have been obtained with alizarine, anthra-
purpurine, flavo-purpurine, hexaoxyanthraquinone, anthraquinone-monosulpho-
acid, anthraquinone-beta-disulpho-acid, anthraquinone-alpha-disulpho-acid, beta-
nitroalizarine and beta-dibrom-anthraquinone. With insoluble derivatives like
anthraquinone itself the reaction is liable to be incomplete.
The following example will serve to further illustrate the nature of the inven-
tion, but the invention is not confined to the said example. The parts are by
weight.
Heat about forty parts of sodium sulphide (containing sixty five per cent. of
Na, S), fifteen parts of flowers of sulphur (sublimed sulphur) and ten parts of the
initial material selected in an iron vessel, provided with a stirrer, until two
successive test portions of the melt shew no further change. Cool and powder.
The product so obtained can be directly employed for dyeing. The products
obtained from the various initial materials possess the same general properties
to a remarkable degree, and differ but little from each other. All the colouring
matters are easily soluble in water and are precipitated by dilute acids. In alcohol
and in acetone they are practically insoluble. They directly dye cotton black.
Dated this 19th day of June 1897.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: The Manufacture and Production of Black Colouring Matters of the
Anthraquinone Series.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been
communicated to me from abroad by the Badische, Anilin and Soda Fabrik of
Ludwigshafen-on-Rhine, in the Empire of Germany) and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
In the Specification of Letters Patent No. 1524295 there is described the obtain-
ment of colouring matters by heating certain derivatives of the anthraquinone
series with alkali sulphides or polysulphides, the said colouring matters directly
dyeing cotton black in the cold bath.
My foreign correspondents have now discovered that besides the nitro-derivatives
of anthraquinone or the corresponding amido derivatives, or the intermediate
products, mentioned in the aforesaid Specification other derivatives of anthra-
quinone can be changed in this manner and it is a matter of indifference, whether
they contain a nitro-group, or nitro-groups, (for example nitro-oxy-anthraquinone)
or halogenatoms (for example beta-dibrom-anthraquinone) or hydroxyls (for
example alizarine, hexa-oxy-anthraquinone) or only a sulpho-group, or sulpho-
groups, (anthraquinone sulpho-acids).
.
In carrying out the invention the best results are obtained with alizarine, anthra
purpurine flavo-purpurine, hexa-oxy-anthraquinone anthraquinone-monosulpho-
acid, anthraquinone beta-disulphoacid, anthraquinone-alpha-disulphoacid, beta-
nitroalizarine and beta-dibrom-anthraquinone.
With anthraquinone itself no useful results are obtained.
The following example will serve to further illustrate the nature of the invention
and the manner in which it can be performed but the invention is not confined to
the said example. The parts are by weight.
Heat about forty parts of sodium sulphide (containing sixty five per cent. of
Na, S) fifteen parts of flowers of sulphur (sublimed sulphur) and ten parts of the
initial material selected in an iron vessel. provided with a stirrer, until two
successive test portions of the melt shew no further change. Cool and powder.. The
product so obtained can be directly employed for dyeing. The products obtained
from the various initial materials possess the same general properties to a remark-
able degree and differ but little from each other. All the colouring matters are
easily soluble in water and are precipitated by dilute acids. In alcohol and in
acétone they are practically insoluble. They directly die cotton black.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:-
(1.) The manufacture of black colouring matters (which die cotton directly from
a cold alkaline bath) by treating derivatives of anthraquinone other than those
mentioned in the English Patent No. 1524295 such as are herein before set forth
energetically with alkali sulphides or polysulphides substantially as herein before
described.
(2). The manufacture of black colouring matters (which dye cotton directly from
a cold alkaline bath) by treating alizarine, anthra purpurine flavo-purpurine,
hexa-oxy-anthraquinone, anthraquinone-mono-sulphoacid, anthraquinone-beta-
disulpho-acid, anthraquinone alpha-disulpho acid, beta-nitro-alizarine or beta-

page_text: dibrom-anthraquinone energetically with alkali sulphides or polysulphides
substantially as hereinbefore described.
(3) The manufacture of the black colouring matters in the manner described
in the foregoing example.
T
1041 1
el 1900
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.