Improvements in or connected with Brakes for Wheels and other Revolving Bodies.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Set., 1995
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1896-Accepted, 1st Aug.,
1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Brakes for Wheels and other
Revolving Bodies.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN, of Rose Grove, Ardwick,
Manchester. in the County of Lancashire, Mechanician, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates more particularly to brakes, for velocipedes and other
road carriages, which are applied by air pressure produced by the hand or other
part of the body, by acting upon suitable apparatus, and consists in further
improvements in the constructive arrangement described and claimed by me in
Specifications No. 16581 A.D. 1893 and No. 12526 A.D. 1894.
The object of these improvements is chiefly to obtain a greater bearing surface
upon the tyre or rim of the wheel or other revolving body, and so to increase the
efficiency of the brake in cases where greater weight than usual is carried or
rotated, as for instance in the case of tandem velocipedes and motor carriages.
In carrying out this invention as applied to road vehicles, to the frame or body
of the vehicle and directly above, and at a suitable distance from the surface of
the tyre or rim of the wheel, in each case I secure one part of a band which is
arranged to follow the contour of the wheel to a suitable extent. Another part of
the band is also attached to the frame or body of the vehicle but in such manner
that it may have a certain amount of play or motion in the plane of the wheel.
The band at its free end is secured to the piston or its equivalent of a fluid pressure
cylinder, bellows or other flexible chamber so that when the cylinder, or its
equivalent, is charged or inflated with air, the piston, or its equivalent, presses
the band against the surface of the tyre or rim, the pressure. being so applied that
it tends to straighten the band against the tyre or rim of the wheel. The cylinder
or its equivalent is secured to the frame or other fixed part in any suitable way.
The band also acts as a splasher or mudguard, and may in some cases be
continued beyond the connections thereof, in order to increase its efficiency to
this end.
Any suitable flexible material may be used for the band, as for instance, wood,
thin metal or jointed metal, and the structure of the band may be faced or covered
with india-rubber, leather or other suitable material.
The moveable part of the band may be held back by a spring, so that it may be
quickly released from the wheel.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Brakes for Wheels and other
Revolving Bodies.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of 28 Rose Grove Ardwick in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanician do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates more particularly to brakes for velocipedes and other road
carriages which are applied by air pressure produced by the hand or other part of
the body by acting upon suitable apparatus, and consists in further improvements
in the constructive arrangements described and claimed by me in Specifications
No. 16581 A.D. 1893 and No. 12526 A.D. 1894.
The object of these improvements is chiefly to obtain a greater bearing surface
upon the tyre or rim of the wheel or other revolving body, and so to increase the
efficiency of the brake in cases where greater weight than usual is carried or
rotated, as for instance in the case of tandem velocipedes and motor carriages.
In order that my invention may be more clearly understood I have attached
hereunto a sheet of drawings to which I will now refer. In the drawings
Figure 1 represents a side view of a velocipede frame shewing the improved
brake applied to a wheel and one method of attachment. Figures 2 and 3 are
similar views shewing modified methods of attachment.
Figure 4 represents a section of the flexible chamber drawn to an enlarged scale
which I use in some cases and Figure 5 an equivalent in the form of a cylinder
fitted with a piston.
The brake is shewn applied only to a velocipede frame and wheel but it must be
understood that it is applicable to wheels of other vehicles than velocipedes, and in
some cases it is also applicable with suitable provision in the case of machinery in
which rotating parts are used.
The friction part of the brake consists of a flexible and springy band a which
may be made of any suitable material such for instance as some kinds of wood, thin
metal, or jointed metal, and the rubbing face of the band may be covered with
leather, indiarubber or similar suitable material. One end a¹ of the band is fixed
in any suitable manner to the frame of the vehicle or other structure. In the
drawings this end is represented as fixed by clips to the back seat pillar stays e in
Figures 1 and 2 and in Figure 3 to the stays f connecting the crank bearing g with
the wheel bearings h. At or near to the other end a' of the band a is fixed the
flexible chamber b one part of which is carried in a seating & secured to the band a
in any convenient manner, or to a lever d connected to the band a and hinged at
any convenient part of the frame or the seating 62 as shewn by Fig. 2. Another
part of the flexible chamber b is carried by another similar seating which seating
is carried by a suitable bracket formed in some cases with a clip or clips b
embracing the tubing of a convenient part of the framework. In other cases the
bracket may be screwed or bolted to the framework.
A tube k is led from the interior of the chamber 6 to the force pump attached to
the handle bar of the velocipede or to a convenient part of the structure in other
cases.
Figure 4 represents a section of the form of flexible or expansible chamber b
referred to hereinbefore shewing the seatings b', and the tube k.
the friction band.
a represents
Figure 5 represents a modification of the expansible chamber in which a piston
and piston rod sliding in a cylinder is substituted for the chamber b. The
cylinder is held by a clip b' fixed to a convenient part of the structure, or in any
other suitable manner.

page_text: When air or a liquid is forced into the flexible or expanding chamber or its
equivalent, the band is pressed against the periphery of the wheel or its equivalent.
The band also acts, when applied to the wheels of road vehicles, as a splasher or
mud-guard. In some cases the band may be continued beyond the connections
above referred to in order to increase its efficiency to this end.
The band acts as a spring and resumes its position when the pressure fluid is let
out of the chamber but in some cases an additional spring may be attached to
the band and structure to draw it back quickly when the pressure is released.
An elastic flask or a metal pump similar to those described in my Specifications
of Patents No. 16581 A.D. 1893 and No. 12526 A.D. 1894 may be employed to
produce the pressure necessary to apply the brake.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is
First. The improved construction of fluid pressure brake apparatus substantially
as hereinbefore described and for the purposes set forth.
Second. In a fluid pressure brake the combination of a flexible and springy
friction band fixed at or near to one of its ends with a chamber capable of being
expanded by fluid pressure connected thereto at or near to its other end, so that a
portion of the band shall be brought into contact with the wheel or its equivalent
when the fluid pressure is applied substantially as described.
Third. The improved construction and application of a flexible band brake to
the periphery of a wheel tyre by fixing the passive end of the band to the structure
of the vehicle and connecting the acting end to the moving part of a flexible or
expanding chamber actuated by fluid pressure substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated hereinbefore and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Four. The arrangement of a flexible band brake for drums or their equivalent
baving one end of the band fixed to a stationary support and the other end
connected directly to the moving part of a flexible expansible chamber actuated
by fluid pressure substantially as described.
Dated this 10th d
1000
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.