IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henderson, of Dunkeld, Perthshire, Gardener
to His Grace the Duke of Athol, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS."
Sealed the 15th July 1856, and dated the 16th May 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henderson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th May 1856.
1, WILLIAM HENDERSON, of Dunkeld, Perthshire, Gardener to His Grace
the Duke of Athol, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of brooms,
and the Invention consists of clamping the birch, or other material of which a
broom consists, between plates or frames of metal, drawn towards each other
and retained together by screws passing through them, the holding of the
materials being aided by the clamping surfaces, having rows of teeth or
projections on the inner surfaces. The forms and sizes of the clamping plates
or frames may be varied, and they may have handles of wood fixed thereto by
any convenient means.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Henderson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 15th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENDERSON, of Dunkeld, Perthshire, Gardener to His Grace the Duke of Athol,
send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Henderson, Her special licence that I, the said William Henderson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Henderson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OP BROOMS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Henderson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Henderson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what mauner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in manufacturing brooms,
and the Invention consists of clamping the birch, or other material of which
a broom consists, between plates or frames of metal, drawn towards each other
and retained together by screws passing through them, the holding of the
materials being aided by the clamping surfaces, having rows of teeth or
projections on the inner surfaces. The forms and sizes of the clamping plates
or frames may be varied, and they may have handles of wood fixed thereto by
any convenient means.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
annexed.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figures 1 show the method of constructing a broom in which the birch or
other material is clamped between two toothed plates. a, b, are the two metal
plates, to one of which, a, the socket for receiving the handle is attached.
The plates a and b are drawn together by the screws c so as firmly to nip
the material of which the broom is composed. d is a frame of wire, which also
clips and assists in holding the material; it is put on at a distance from the
head of the broom, and its position may be altered to allow the materials to
spread to a greater or less degree. e, e, are screws, which hold the two sides
of this frame together.
Figures 2 show another broom, very similar to the one already described,
but it differs in that two plates 6 are employed, one on each side of the plate a,
and in this way a thicker broom is constructed.
Figures 3 show a broom in which the material of which it is composed is
clamped and held between a circular plate of metal, with teeth on its periphery,
and a socket or frame of metal, which plate and socket are drawn together by
a screw passing through them. a is the socket, which is made slightly conical
in form; is the circular plate having teeth; c is the screw, which draws the
parts a and b together, so as to clamp the material. On the top of the screw c
a socket d is formed to receive a handle. e is a ring of wire, which passes
round the broom at a short distance from its head; it has two holes in it,
through which the cross wire f. passes, and this wire passes through an eye in
the end of the screw c, so as to prevent it from turning.
Figures 4 shew a small broom or brush constructed in a similar manner to
that shewn at Figures 3; only in place of using the screw c, as in Figures 3,
for drawing together the socket a and the plate b, the screw c in Figure 4 is
only used for fixing the parts when so drawn together.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henderson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
WILLIAM HENDERSON. (L.S.)
Witness,
ROBERT CROCKAT WILSON, of Dunkeld, Banker,
JOHN FERGUSON, of Dunkheld, Accountant.