Improvements in Machinery Employed in the Manufacture of Bricks from Plastic and Semi-plastic Materials.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 1st Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Feb., 1887.
Improvements in Machinery Employed in the Manufacture of Bricks
from Plastic and Semi-plastic Materials.
I WILLIAM JOHNSON of Queen's Road, Burley, near Leeds in the County of York,
Engineer and Brick Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS FROM
PLASTIC AND SEMI-PLASTIC MATERIALS, to be as follows:-
The object of my improvements is to simplify the construction of brick making
machines, and so arrange the various parts that renewals or repairs are easily and
readily effected, such improved machines also, combining in their working the
operations of a pug mill and a brick making machine, and being capable of treating
plastic or semi-plastic materials.
In my arrangement the bricks are moulded, instead of being delivered in a
continuous column and afterwards cut off by wires, as is usual in pug mill brick
making machines.
My said Improvements consist :-
In the first place, of renewable or interchangable covers for that part of the
machine in which the pugging operation takes place; the variation in the form and
size of such covers being for the purpose of meeting the wear of the wings, knives or
worm; and also for the treatment of various kinds of clay from plastic to semi-
plastic.
Secondly in a renewable or interchangable nose, connecting the pug.mill portion
with the brick making or moulding part of the machine; and in a renewable or
interchangable knife for cutting off the clay in the mould.
Thirdly in the horizontal arrangement in one machine, of a combination of a pug
mill and a brick making machine, such arrangement including also, a main shaft
which serves both for pulling over the brick mould and for driving the pug mill.
Fourthly in a hinged pawl arrangement for intermittently pulling over, or rotating
the mould cylinder;
And Lastly in the arrangement of an aperture or groove leading back to the hopper
or pug mill cylinder; whereby the surplus clay from the brick making or-moulding
part of the machine is automatically carried back to the hopper or pug mill cylinder.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
Agent to the aforesaid Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery Employed in the Manufacture of Bricks
from Plastic and Semi-plastic Materials.
I WILLIAM JOHNSON of Queen's Road, Burley, near Leeds in the County of York
Engineer and Brick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my improvements is to simplify the construction of brick-making
machines, and so arrange the various parts that renewals or repairs are easily and
readily effected, such improved machines also, combining in their working the
operations of a pug-mill and a brick-making machine, and being capable of treating
plastic or semi-plastic materials.
In my arrangement the bricks are moulded, instead of being delivered in a
continuous column and afterwards cut off by wires, as is usual in pug-mill brick-
making machines.
My said Improvements consist :-
In the first place, of renewable or interchangeable covers for that part of the machine
in which the pugging operation takes place, the variation in the form and size of such
covers being for the purpose of meeting the wear of the wings, knives, and worm ;
and also for the treatment of various kinds of clay from plastic to semi-plastic.
Secondly in a renewable or interchangeable nose, connecting the pug-mill portion
with the brick-making or moulding part of the machine; and in a renewable or
interchangeable knife for cutting off the clay in the mould.
Thirdly in the horizontal arrangement in one machine of a combination of a pug-
mill and a brick making machine, such arrangement including also a main shaft,
which serves both for pulling over the brick mould and for driving the pug-mill.
Fourthly in a hinged pawl arrangement for intermittently pulling over or rotating
the mould cylinder.
And Lastly in the arrangement of an aperture or groove leading back to the hopper
or pug mill cylinder; whereby the surplus clay from the brick making or-moulding
part of the machine is automatically carried back to the hopper or pug mill cylinder.
And in order that my invention may be more clearly and completely understood
reference is given to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks
thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation on line A B Fig. 2; and Fig. 2 is a plan of a machine
constructed in accordance with my said invention.
a is the first driving shaft, which communicates motion to the longitudinal shaft b
of the pug mill by means of spur gearing c and havil œearino d The shaft & carries

page_text: the hopper or case is more or less closed in by the renewable or interchangeable
cover or covers g.
his the mould cylinder in which are formed four rectangular recesses or moulds i
for moulding or forming the bricks. The clay is forced forwards into the mould by
the rotation of the knives e (screw or worm), filling the mould, the clay being cut off
on the rotation of the cylinder h by the knife k.
This knife k may be a separate piece or (as shewn in Fig. 1) cast in one piece with
the interchangeable or renewable nose 1, which latter connects the pug mill portion
with the brick making or moulding part of the machine.
The mould cylinder his caused to rotate intermittently by means of the hinged
pawl m and clutch box n; such hinged pawl m receiving a reciprocating motion by
means of the connecting-rod o from the crank pin p on the spur gearing q. This
gearing 9 is driven direct from the second motion shaft..
In order to completely fill the moulds i, the knives e, (screw or worm), feed forward
the clay somewhat in excess of the quantity which would fill the moulds. This
surplus clay finds its way back from the nose piece to the hopper or pug mill
portion of the machine, along the aperture or grooves, formed preferably in the upper
part of the nose piece I as shewn in Fig. 1.
-
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is.
In Brick-Making Machinery
1° Renewable or interchangeable covers g for covering in more or less of that part
of the machinery in which the pugging operation takes place substantially as herein
set forth.
2° The renewable or interchangeable nose I connecting the pug mill portion with
the brick-making or moulding part substantially as herein set forth.
3° The horizontal arrangement in one machine of a combination of a pug mill and
a brick making or moulding machine substantially as herein set forth and shewn in
Figs. 1. and 2. of the accompanying drawings.
4° The arrangement of the shaft r for either or both, driving the pug mill portion,
and pulling over the mould cylinder h substantially as herein set forth and shewn in
Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings.
5° The reciprocating hinged pawl m and clutch box n for intermittently pulling
over or rotating the mould cylinder h substantially as herein set forth.
6° The aperture or groover leading back to the hopper or pug mill, whereby the
surplus clay from the brick making or moulding part of the machine, is automatically
carried back to the pug mill substantially as herein set forth.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
Agent to the Applicant.