New or Improved Driving Gear for Motor-carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1896-
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Dec., 1896-Accepted, 6th Mar., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Driving Gear for Motor-carriages.
We, HERBERT JOHN DOWSING, of 35 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, and FREDERICK BREMER, of 1 Connaught Road, Walthamstow, in the
County of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as.
follows:-
This invention relates to new or improved gear for transmitting motion from the.
steam, gas, oil, electric, or other motive power engines of what are known as
self-moving or motor carriages, to the axles and wheels of such carriages; and the
chief objects of the invention are to provide means for applying the power gradually
to the wheels, so as to enable the carriage to be started and stopped quietly and
without shock; to arrange the gearing in a compact form, and obviate in some cases:
the use of intermediate shafting; and to combine with such gearing, when necessary.
or desirable, the usual balance gear to compensate for the unequal diameters, or the
unequal number of revolutions of the wheels on opposite sides of the carriage.
In many of the gears heretofore employed the starting and stopping of the carriage
has been dependent upon the putting in or taking out of gear of clutches or toothed.
wheels and as this often has to be done while the motive power engine is running,
considerable shock and jar is occasioned thereby. By our arrangements of the gear,
however, this shock and jar is avoided, because the working parts always remain
in gear, and are set in motion, or stopped, by the application or withdrawal of certain
devices acting by friction only, instead of by the gearing or ungearing of teeth or
other similar unyielding mechanical parts.
held
According to our invention, we arrange on the axle of the wheels to be driven
one or more sun and planet motions of the following character :-Fixed on the wheel
axle is a toothed wheel into which gears one or more pinions turning on suitable
pivots or bearings in a disc arranged to run loosely on the said axle. Also running
loosely on the said axle is another toothed wheel which likewise gears with the pinion
or pinions on the disc. Rotary motion is imparted to the last mentioned toothed
wheel by means of belt, chain, tooth or other suitable gearing whenever the motive
power engine is in motion. The periphery of the aforesaid disc is fitted with a
frictional brake strap. It will now be understood that when the brake strap
free of the disc the latter is free to rotate on the axle, and is so rotated, by the
toothed wheel which runs loose on the axle causing the pinion or pinions in the disc
to rotate so as to run planet-wise round the toothed wheel which is fixed on the
axle, without imparting motion to such wheel or to the axle. If now the brake
strap is applied to the periphery of the disc the latter is gradually brought to rest,
but the continued rotation of its pinion or pinions, on its or their axes causes the
toothed wheel fixed on the axle, and consequently the axle itself, to rotate. On again:
slackening the brake strap on the disc the latter is allowed to revolve, and its pinion
or pinions resume their planet-like motion round the wheel fixed on the axle, and
hey then cease to drive such wheel, so that it and the axle are allowed to come to
est.
Sometimes we combine the well known balance gear with the above described
Iriving gear, and in that case the pinion or pinions on the disc may gear with a.
wheel on the balance gear, the planet pinion or pinions of which are arranged to:

page_text: gear with the driving wheel -fixed to the axle. In order to utilize the balance gear
the axle must of course be divided to allow each wheel to move independently of
the other, both parts being driven, however, by the planet pinion or pinions of the
balance gear gearing with driving wheels fixed on the respective parts of the axle.
It will be understood that in this case the motion is transmitted from the driving
gear to the axle through the balance gear.
In some cases we find it convenient to employ two or more sets of driving gear,
in order to obtain various speeds of the carriage and when combining two of these
driving gears with the balance gear they may be placed one on either side of the
same and be connected therewith so that either can transmit motion through it to
the axle as may be required.
A single driving gear of the kind above described may be caused to impart different
speeds to the carriage by adjusting the brake strap so as to allow the disc to slip-
round more or less within it, and to facilitate this, and prevent heating of the disc
and brake strap the latter may be fitted with rollers, balls or springs. Or, instead
of varying the speed by the brake strap the latter may be dispensed with altogether,
and the disc be caused to rotate at various speeds by means of suitable gearing and
a pair of belt cone pulleys interposed between the aforesaid sun and planet driving
gear and the motive power engine, so as to form a differential gear, whereby any
speed can be obtained between a maximum and a minimum by simply moving the
driving belt into an appropriate position on the cones.
In the above described arrangements the motive power engine may be kept running
at full speed and thereby be made to develop more power, and to work more
economically than with gears which cause the motive power engine to slacken speed
when its full power is most wanted. Furthermore by stopping the motive power
engine, and applying the brake to the driving gear, the engine compression may
be used as a powerful brake, and this brake power can be adjusted with great
accuracy.
H. J. DOWSING,
F. BREMER,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.
New or Improved Driving Gear for Motor-carriages.
We, HERBERT JOHN DOWSING, formerly of 35 Queen Victoria Street, but now
of 24 Budge Row, in the City of London, Engineer, and FREDERICK BREMER, of
1 Connaught Road, Walthamstow, in the County of Essex, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to new or improved gear for transmitting motion from the
steam, gas, oil, electric, or other motive power engines of what are known as
self-moving or motor-carriages, to the axles and wheels of such carriages; and the
chief objects of the invention are to provide means for applying the power gradually
to the wheels, so as to enable the carriage to be started and stopped quietly and
without shock; to arrange the gearing in a compact form, and obviate in some cases.
the use of intermediate shafting; and to combine with such gearing, when necessary
or desirable, the usual balance gear to compensate for the unequal diameters, or the
unequal number of revolutions of the wheels on opposite sides of the carriage.
.

page_text: In many of the gears heretofore employed the starting and stopping of the carriage
has been dependent upon the putting in or taking out of gear of clutches or toothed
wheels, and as this often has to be done while the motive power engine is running,
considerable shock and jar is occasioned thereby. By our arrangements of the gear,
however, this shock and jar is avoided, because the working parts always remain
in gear, and are set in motion or stopped by the application or withdrawal of certain
devices acting by friction only instead of by the gearing or ungearing of teeth or
other similar unyielding mechanical parts.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we will now proceed
to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in
which
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one arrangement of the driving gear,
Figure 2 an elevation of a modified arrangement one half of which is shown in
sectional elevation taken on line X--X of Figure 3, and
Figure 3 a sectional elevation taken on the line Y-Y of Figure 2.
According to our invention, we arrange on the axle A of the wheels to be driven
one or more sun and planet motions of the character shown in Figure 1 of the drawings.
Fixed on the wheel axle A is a toothed wheel B into which gears one or more
pinions C turning on suitable pivots or bearings D in a disc E arranged to run loosely
on the said axle. Also running loosely on the said axle is another toothed wheel F
which likewise gears with the pinion or pinions on the disc. Rotatory motion is
imparted to the last mentioned toothed wheel F by means of a belt passing round
al pulley G secured to or formed with the said wheel F, or by means of any other
suitable gearing, whenever the motive power engine is in motion. The periphery H
of the aforesaid disc is fitted with a frictional brake strap I. It will now be understood
that when the brake strap I is held free of the periphery H of the disc E the latter
is free to rotate on the axle, and is so rotated, by the toothed wheel F causing the
pinion or pinions C in the disc E to rotate so as to run planet-wise round the toothed
wheel B which is fixed on the axle, without imparting motion to such wheel or to
the axle. If now the brake strap I is applied to the periphery H of the disc E the
latter is gradually brought to rest; but the continued rotation of its pinion or pinions ()
on its or their axes D causes the toothed wheel B fixed on the axle, and consequently
the axle itself, to rotate. On again slackening the brake strap I on the disc E the
latter is allowed to revolve, and its pinion or pinions resume their planet-like motion
round the wheel B fixed on the axle, and they then cease to drive such wheel, so
that it and the axle are allowed to come to rest.
Sometimes we combine the well known balance gear with the above described
driving gear, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, and in that case the pinion or pinions C
on the disc E may gear with a wheel J on the disc K of the balance gear, which
disc turns loosely on the axle A, the planet pinion or pinions L of which are
arranged to gear with the driving wheels M and N fixed to the axle A. In order to
utilize the balance gear J, K, L, M and N the axle A must of course be divided
between the wheels M and N as shown in the drawing, where the end of one part of
the shaft A is shown reduced in diameter at P and fitted into a corresponding hole in
the end of the other part of the shaft so as to be free to rotate therein to allow each
road wheel to move independently of the other, both parts being driven, however,
by the planet pinion or pinions L of the balance gear gearing with the driving
wheels M and N fixed on the respective parts of the axle. It will be understood that
in this case the motion is transmitted from the driving gear to the axle through the
balance gear.
In some cases we find it convenient to employ two or more sets of driving gear, in
order to obtain various speeds of the carriage, and when combining two of these
driving gears with the balance gear they may be placed one on either side of the
same, and be connected therewith as shown in Figure 2. so that either can transmit
motion through the balance gear to the axle as may be required. In Figure 2 the
parts marked C, E, F, G, H, I' and J' correspond to the parts marked C, D, E, F,
G, H, I and J respectively and form a second and similar driving gear which may be

page_text: driven at a different speed from the first, either being brought into section according
as the brake strap I or l' is applied to the periphery of its corresponding disc E
or E¹.
A single driving gear of the kind above described may be caused to impart different
speeds to the carriage by adjusting the brake strap so as to allow the disc to slip
round more or less within it, and to facilitate this, and prevent heating of the disc
and brake strap the latter may be fitted with rollers, balls or springs. Or, instead of
varying the speed by the brake strap the latter may be dispensed with altogether,
and the disc be caused to rotate at various speeds by means of suitable gearing and
a pair of belt cone pulleys interposed between the aforesaid sun and planet driving
gear and the motive power engine, so as to form differential gear, whereby any speed
can be obtained between a maximum and a minimum by simply moving the driving
belt into an appropriate position on the cones in a manner well understood in
connection with differential gear generally.
In the above described arrangements the motive power engine may be kept
running at full speed and thereby be made to develop more power, and to work more
economically than with gears which cause the motive power engine to slacken speed
when its full power is most wanted. Furthermore by stopping the motive power
engine, and applying the brake to the driving gear, the engine compression may
be used as a powerful brake, and this brake power can be adjusted with great accuracy.
By applying a brake strap to the periphery of the disc K of the balance gear the
motion of the entire gear, and consequently the rotation of the road wheels, may
be easily arrested when the brakes I and I have been released from the peripheries H H¹
of the discs E E'.
Referring again to Figure 1 it will readily be understood that by making the
wheel F smaller than the wheel 'B, arranging the latter so that the planet pinions C
do not come in contact with it, and providing other planet pinions connected with
the pinions C and adapted to gear with the larger wheel, B, the wheel F may
be caused to exert considerably greater turning power upon the axle A than
when the two wheels F and B are of the same diameter, or by the reverse
arrangement, namely, making the wheel F larger than the wheel B and arranging
the planet pinions accordingly, increased speed of rotation of the axle
obtained at the expense of power.
may be
The driving gear has been described above as being applied direct to the axle of
the road wheel; but it is obvious that it may be applied to a countershaft, suitable
means being employed for the transmission of power from the motive power engine
to the countershaft, and from the latter to the axle of the wheels, or to the wheels
themselves when they are arranged to rotate on stationary axles. Furthermore the
driving gear as shown in Figure 1, for example, may be applied to the crank-shaft of
the motive power engine, in which case A would represent the said crank-shaft, and
the pulley or other wheel G would become the means of transmitting motion from the
gear to the road wheels instead of being the means of transmitting motion from
the motive power engine to the gear as previously described with reference to the
figure.
Similar letters of reference relate to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. Driving gear for motor carriages which consists of a toothed wheel fixed on
the wheel axle or other driven or driving shaft, a toothed wheel rotating freely on the
said axle or shaft and provided with means by which rotatory motion is communicated
to it, or by which it communicates motion to other parts, a disc rotating freely on
the said axle or shaft, a pinion or pinions mounted rotatively in the said disc and
gearing with the aforesaid toothed wheels, and a brake strap applied to the periphery
of the said dise, combined and operating substantially as described with reference to
Figure 1 of the drawings.

page_text: Second. Driving gear for motor carriages which consists of a toothed wheel fixed
on the wheel axle or other driven or driving shaft, a toothed wheel rotating freely
on the said axle or shaft, and provided with means by which rotatory motion is
communicated to it, or by which it communicates motion to other parts, a disc
rotating freely on the said axle or shaft, a pinion or pinions mounted rotatively in
the said disc and gearing on the one hand with the aforesaid toothed wheel running
loosely on the axle or shaft, and on the other with the toothed disc of an ordinary
known balance gear, the toothed planet pinions of which gear with the aforesaid
toothed wheel fixed on the axle or shaft, and a brake strap applied to the periphery
of the first named disc, combined and operating substantially as described with
reference to Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings.
Third. Driving gear for motor carriages constructed and operating substantially as-
described.
Dated this 02-11
100
H. J. DOWSING,
F. BREMER,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent..