Improvements in Closet Fittings.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 10th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Closet Fittings.
I, THOMAS BRADBEAR, of 29, Holborn Hill, Nechells, in the City of Birming
ham, Gas Meter Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to the construction of closets, where the earth, on pan, or
some similar system is employed, and is also applicable to the construction of water
flushing and other closets, the object being to prevent the escape of the foul
gases arising from the soil or from the drains into the closet, and to provide
means for leading away such gases on their formation, and discharging them
into the atmosphere at such an elevation or at any place where no offence shall
be given to, or injury caused to the health of, the persons near to or residing
in the house or houses to which the closet is attached, or in the vicinity of
which it is erected.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct the pan, basin, or other vessel
for the reception of the soil, and make the upper cover or seat, of wood or
other suitable material provided with a circular or other shaped opening in the
usual and ordinary manner. Around this opening I attach or arrange an annular
trough or receptacle constructed of metal or other material, and connected there-
with I arrange a small tube or channel provided at its outer end with a funnel
or mouthpiece by means of which the trough can be readily filled with water
or other liquid for the purpose hereinafter described. The trough is so arranged
that its upper or open side is below the upper surface of the closed sent, and
thus no obstruction is caused by projecting edges; and in order that the trough
may be readily emptied of its contents I provide a second small tube or channel
with its lower surface level or slightly below the bottom of the trough, and
having a screw cap or other convenient cover at its outer end.
Instead of or in addition to employing an ordinary hinged cover or flap for
covering the opening in the seat of my improved closet when not in
use, I arrange
a sliding cover or flap having a projecting pin or pins at one end which are inade
to slide when required in guiding slots or grooves formed or fixed upon the closet
seat. On one side of such sliding cover or Hap I form or attach a ring or annular
band of metal suitable for entering into the trough fixed around the seat opening
as before described. When the sliding cover or flap is lowered on to the seat, the
annular ring enters into the trough which is filled or charged with water or liquid,
and thus the escape of gases through the seat opening is effectually prevented, the
annular ring by entering unto the charged trough forming a water or sealed joint
through which the gases cannot pass. When the closet is required for use the
sliding cover or flap is raised by means of a suitable finger ring or handle and then
pressed or drawn along the guiding grooves or slots to the rear or back wall,
partition, or cover of the closet, where it remains until again drawn forward for the
purpose of closing and sealing the opening.
To provide for the proper leading off or escaping of the foul gases in such a
manner as to cause no offence or injury, I form a small opening or openings in the
closet seat other than the ordinary opening previously referred to, and in connection
with this supplementary opening or openings I arrange a pipe, flue or chimney
opening into the atmosphere at such height or at such position that the gases may
be discharged without danger. Such pipe, flue or chimney preferably having a
cowl or some similar apparatus fixed at its outer end, to provide for the free dis-
charge of the foul gases and to prevent a down draught into the closet. In this

page_text: manner the foul gases arising from the soil or from the drains are led away without
contaminating the atmosphere of the closet.
In place of water or other liquid I sometimes employ a luting material of a
plastic or solid nature in the annular trough, and i form the trough either
immediately around the ordinary opening of the closet seat, or I make another
opening around such ordinary opening but at a short distance from it, of just
sufficient size to allow the passage through of the annular ring on the sliding cover
or flap, and the trough is then arranged beneath, this, opening and the luted joint
formed as before described.
I apply my invention, to existing closets having no
efficient method of preventing the foul, gases into the closet, by employing a
supplementary seat provided with my sealing or jointing trough and fittings; and
securing the same to the existing seat of the closets in such a manner as to prevent
the escape of the foul gases, other than through the purposely made discharge
opening and pipe, flue, or chimney, which I arrange in the manner hereinbefore
described. Or instead of employing a supplementary seat I sometimes remove the
existing seat of such closet altogether and substitute a seat constructed in the
manner hereinbefore described.
Dated this 10th day of March 1892.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Closet Fittings.
I, THOMAS BRADBEAR, of 29 Holborn Hill, in the City of Birmingham, Gas
Meter Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:
This invention relates to the construction of closets where the earth or pan, or
some similar system. is employed, and. is also applicable to the construction of water
flushing and other closets, the object being to prevent the escape of the foul gases
arising from the soil or from, the drains into. the closet,, and, to provide means for.
leading away such gases on their formation, and discharging. them, into the atmo-
sphere at such an elevation or at any place. where no offence shall be given.or injury
caused to health of the persons near to or residing in the house or houses to which
the closet is attached or in the vicinity of which it is, erected!
In, the two accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings-
Figure is a sectional elevation of my improved closet with liquid sealed
joint;
Figure 2 is an enlarged detail of the joint, and
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation showing the seat liberated from the catch, or
retaining lever.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of my packing or rubber sealed joint seat;
Figure 5, is a detail of the joint.
Figure 6 is a plan of the seat and fittings and
Figure 7 is a sectional elevation of the seat when, closed.
:
In carrying my invention into effect, I construct the pan, basin, or other vessel R
for the reception of the soil, and the scat A of wood or other suitable material provided
with a circular or other shaped opening B, in thejusual and ordinary manner. Around
this opening B.I attach or arrange an annular trough or receptacle such as C constructed
of metal or other material, and connected therewith, 1 sometimes. arrange a small
tube or channel provided at its outer end with a funnel or mouthpiece, by means of
which the trough can be readily filled with water or other liquid for the, purpose
-hereinafter described. The trough. C isiso, arranged that its upper or open side is
below the upper surface of the closed seat, and thus, no obstruction is caused by

page_text: projecting edges; and in order that the trough may be readily emptied of its
contents I sometimes provide a second small tube or channel with its lower surface
level or slightly below the bottom of the trough, and having a screw cap or other
convenient cover at its outer end.
Instead of or in addition to employing an ordinary hinged cover or flap as A',
for covering the opening B in the seat of my improved closet when not in use, I
may arrange a sliding cover or flap having a projecting pin or pins at one end
which are made to slide when required in guiding slots or grooves formed or fixed
upon the closet seat.
On one side of my improved cover A, or flap (Figures 1, 2 and 3) I form or
attach a ring or annular band E of metal or other material suitable for entering
into the trough C fixed around the seat opening as before described. When the
cover or flap is lowered on to the seat, this annular ring enters into the trough
which is filled or charged with water or liquid, and thus the escape of gases through
the seat opening is effectually prevented, the annular ring by entering into the
charged trough C forming a water or sealed joint through which the gases.
cannot pass.
When the closet is required for use and a sliding cover or flap is employed the
cover is raised by means of a suitable finger ring or handle, and then pressed or
drawn along the guiding grooves or slots to the rear or back wall, partition, or cover
of the closet, where it remains until again drawn forward for the purpose of closing
and sealing the opening.
I prefer to provide a catch lever F to engage with the cover A' when open as
shown in Figure 1, the seat being mounted as a rocking frame or bars K, K' tapered
at their ends K so, that when the seat is pressed down the end C presses up the
rod, H causing the finger or pawl G to be kept off the end F of the catch lever F
then allowing it to engage with the cover A' and securely retain it in an open
position until the seat is released. The release of the weight or pressure from
the end' C of the seat allows the rod H to fall and in so doing trip the end of the
catch lever by its finger ( pressing on the end F' as shown in Figure 3.
I do not always employ an automatically closing seat with my improved sealed
joint, but I arrange the same form of joint as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2
when employing an ordinary hinged seat.
To provide for the proper leading off or escaping of the foul gases in such a
manner as to cause no offence or injury, sometimes form a small opening or
openings in the closet seat other than the ordinary opening previously referred
to, and in connection with this supplementary opening or openings I arrange a pipe,
flue, or chimney M, Figures 4, 6 and 7 opening into the atmosphere at such height
or at such position that the gases may be discharged without danger. Such pipe,
flue, or chimney M preferably having a cowl or some similar apparatus fixed at its
outer end to provide for the free discharge of the foul gases and to prevent a
down draught into the closet. In this manner the foul gases arising from the
soil or from the drains are led away without contaminating the atmosphere of the
closet.
In place of water or other liquid I sometimes employ a luting material of a
plastic nature N as shown on Sheet in the annular trough O, and I form the
trough O either immediately around the ordinary opening of the closet seat, or make
another opening around such ordinary opening but at a short distance from it, of
just sufficient size to allow the passage through of the annular ring E' on the
sliding or hinged cover or flap, and the trough is then arranged beneath this
opening and the luted joint or rubber rings or other material formed as before
described.
I apply my invention to existing closets having no efficient method of preventing
the escape of the foul gases into the closet by employing a supplementary seat such
as P provided with my sealing or jointing trough O and fittings and securing the
same with the cover A¹ to the existing seat of the closets in such a manner as to
prevent the escape of the foul gases other than through the purposely made

page_text: discharge opening and pipe flue, or chimney M which I arrange in the manner
hereinbefore described. Or instead of employing a supplementary seat I sometimes
remove the existing seat of such closet altogether and substitute a seat constructed
in the manner hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction of closet seats having a sealing trough or annular ring for
the reception of liquid into which a band or ring mounted on the seat cover can
dip, for the purpose of sealing the joint, substantially as hereinbefore described
and as illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
2. The construction of closet seats having an annular trough or ring for the
reception of plastic or other material to form a sealed joint when a projecting
band or ring upon the cover enters therein, substantially as hereinbefore described
and as illustrated in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
3. The construction and arrangement of closets having hinged or sliding covers
provided with rings or bands for entering troughs or annular beds formed within
the stat substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
4. The construction and arrangement of closets having an auxiliary exhaust or
foul air escape tube or chamber as M as hereinbefore described and as illustrated
in Figures 3, 4, 6, and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of December 1892.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.