IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING YARNS." OF AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING YARNS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bottomley, of Bradford, in the County of
r
York, Overlooker, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
OF AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING YARNS."
OF AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING YARNS."
Sealed the 12th April 1876, and dated the 20th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bottomley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th October 1875.
I, JOHN BOTTOMLEY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Overlooker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING YARNS," to be as follows:-
By the machines in ordinary use for twisting two or more fold yarns,
the operation of twisting has taken place whilst the yarn is passing
from the front rollers to the spindle, which operation has been pro-
ductive of great waste of material and imperfect work in consequence of
the rollers continuing to draw the yarn, when what is commonly known
as one of the ends "down."

page_text: The object of my Invention is to apply such a mechanical arrange-
ment to existing machinery, as will ensure the performance of more
work and produce less waste.
I accomplish these advantages in the following manner:-At the
back side of what is commonly known as the front rollers I fix a spindle
in a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal position which is made to revolve
in suitable bearings at the required speed, and driven in the ordinary
manner either by an additional or present cylinder. At one end of the
said spindle I secure a flange at right angles to its axes into the face of
the said flange, and at a suitable distance from the centre I secure two
or more bobbin pegs and guard, on to the begs the spinning bobbins
containing the yarn to be twisted are placed, and the ends passed
through the guard to the front rollers. It will be readily perceived that
when the machine is set in motion and the spindles and flanges at the
back side of the front rollers revolving at the required speed, the front
rollers will drawn the yarn from off the bobbins that are placed upon the
pegs, and the threads of the yarn will be twisted together, and the
remainder of the twist is obtained in the usual manner, that is to say,
between the front rollers and the ordinary spindle.
By the adoption of my improved apparatus an ordinary twisting frame
can be increased in speed in the same proportion as the twist, that is,
obtained between my improved spindle and the front rollers, by which
means an additional quantity of work is performed, and in case one of
the ends of the threads breaking through any cause, the spindle which
revolves in the opposite direction to the twist of the yarn on the spinning
bobbins untwists the same, which is therefore broken and the yarn
prevented from wrapping round the front rollers and producing waste.
The essence of my Invention consists in arranging a spindle or
spindles at the back side of each front roller having a flange secured on
the same in such a manner that when the machine is set in motion the
threads of the yarn will be twisted together before passing between the
front rollers, by which means the machine can be run at a much greater
speed and more work obtained with less waste.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Bottomley in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 20th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BOTTOMLEY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Overlooker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Bottomley, Her special
licence that I, the said John Bottomley, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Bottomley, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter, during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TWISTING YARNS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Bottomley,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Bottomley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed
and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for and
method of twisting yarns. In the machines or apparatus in ordinary
use for twisting two or more fold yarns, the operation of twisting takes
place in the passage of the yarn from the front rollers to the spindle,
often producing great waste of materials and imperfect work in con-

page_text: sequence of the rollers continuing to draw the yarn when the ends are
broken or run off the bobbins.
The object of my Invention is to apply such a mechanical arrange-
ment to existing machines as to insure the performance of more work
and the production of less waste.
I accomplish these objects in the following manner:-At the back of
the front rollers I fix a spindle which is made to revolve in suitable
bearings and driven from a wharle on the front spindle; on this back
spindle is fitted a disk through which passes the top of the spindle
which projects sufficiently to admit of receiving two bobbins; the part
on which the bottom bobbin works is larger in diameter than the top
parts, and forms a shoulder on which rests the flange of a metal tube
and on which the top bobbin runs; this shoulder and metal tube with
flange keep the bobbins free from cach other, and these bobbins contain
the yarn to be twisted the ends of which are passed through guides, one
of the guides being fitted in the disk, and the other at a suitable dis-
tance above the spindle; the ends to be twisted after having been passed
through the guides are passed through the front rollers, and when in
motion the front rollers draw the yarn from the bobbins placed on the
back spindle, twisting the threads of the yarn together; the remainder of
the twist is obtained in the usual manner, that is to say, between the
front rollers and the ordinary spindle.
By these means an additional quantity of work is obtained, and in
case one of the ends of the threads should break, the spindle which
revolves in the opposite direction to the twist of the spun yarn untwists
the remaining thread, causing a cessation of delivery, and the yarn is
prevented from "wrapping" round the front rollers and producing
waste.
The main feature of my Invention consists in arranging a spindle or
spindles at the back of the front rollers, each spindle having a disk
sccured thereto through which passes the top of the spindle, and on
which turn the bobbins in such a manner that when the machine or
apparatus is set in motion, the threads of the yarn will be twisted
together before passing between the front rollers, by which means the
machine or apparatus can be run at a much greater speed than hitherto
with a greater production of work and with less waste.

page_text: But in order to enable my improvements to be better understood,
I will proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying
Drawing in which Figure 1 represents a sectional side elevation shewing
my improvements; Figure 2, front view of front spindles and of back
spindles; Figure 3, plan shewing method of driving the spindles;
Figure 4 represents an elevation of a back spindle with top end for
twisting cops and spools; and Figure 5, movable top guide for cop and
spool spindle drawn full size; and Figure 6, plan of the same.
I will proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying
Drawing in which Figure 1 represents a sectional side elevation shewing
my improvements; Figure 2, front view of front spindles and of back
spindles; Figure 3, plan shewing method of driving the spindles;
Figure 4 represents an elevation of a back spindle with top end for
twisting cops and spools; and Figure 5, movable top guide for cop and
spool spindle drawn full size; and Figure 6, plan of the same.
Similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures to represent
similar parts.
At the back of the front rollers A is fixed in a step rail C and collar
rail D a spindle B; the rails are secured to bearers E bolted to the frame
F of the apparatus; the rails C and D are fitted with brass bushes G and
Hon the spindle B; and above the collar rail D is fitted a disk I through
which passes the top of the spindle B, which projects sufficiently to
admit of receiving two bobbins; this projecting part of the spindle is
made smaller in diameter than the spindle B, and of two different
diameters; the bottom part J is larger in diameter than the top part K;
over the bottom part J is placed a washer L and a bobbin M; over the
top part K is fitted a metal tube N having a flange formed on the
bottom on which works the bobbin O; the flange rests on the shoulder
formed by the part J of the spindle B being larger in diameter than the
top part K; by these means the bobbins are prevented from coming in
contact with each other.
On the disk I is fitted a guide P having a bent end Q through which
passes the thread coming from the bobbin O, and a twizzle R through
which passes the thread coming from the bobbin M; a balance piece S is
cast on the disk I to counterbalance the guide P, or the disk I may be
fitted with two guides P and P', in which case the disk requires no
balance piece and both threads coming from the bobbins M and O pass
through one of the twizzles formed on the guides, or the guido can bo
made with only a twizzle end T through which both threads coming
from the bobbins pass.
The threads coming from the bobbins after passing through the guide

page_text: When the apparatus is set in motion the front rollers A. draw the yarn
W from the bobbins M and O, twisting the threads of the yarn together;
the remainder of the twist is obtained in the usual manner, that is to
say, between the front rollers A and the ordinary spindle X.
Underneath the frames F are fitted two driving cylinders Y and Y¹
for driving the ordinary spindle or spindles X; tlie driving bands Z pass
partly over the driving cylinder Y and over the top of the driving
cylinder Y¹, and over the wharle A', made double, forming the wharles
for driving the back spindle B and the front spindles X, the wharle A'
is made with a rim B', and between each ordinary spindle X is fitted a
bracket C having a projecting piece D¹ formed thereon; the brackets
Care cast in sections and bolted to the collar rail E'; a wooden wedge
F is employed to stop the spindle when required; the wedge Fis
passed in the bracket C¹ and coming in contact with the rim or rims
B¹ of the wharle A', stops the spindle X and the back spindle B at:
once; over the bottom wharle A¹ passes the driving band G' which
works over the wharle H' fitted on the back spindle B actuating it.
For twisting yarns on cops and spools or other kind of bobbins
running off the end, the back spindle is constructed and actuated in
a similar manner to that herein-before described, but without disk,
metal tube, or fixed guide.
On the top of the spindle B are fitted two spindles I', Figures 4 and 5.
on which are passed the cops or spools J'; the top of the spindle B is
made hollow for receiving the spindle K' formed on the guide L'; the
top of the spindle B is made with an opening in which fits the lock M¹
formed on the guide L'; this lock is for the purpose of preventing the
guide L from turning during the operation of twisting, and on the
removal of a cop or spool or the placing of others on the spindles I',
the guide L' is lifted and turned from the points of the spindle I'; the
threads coming from the cops or spools are passed through the twizzles
N¹ formed on the guides L', as shewn in Figures 4 and 5, producing a
drag.
A simple and effective trap for preventing waste of yarn on the
cessation or breakage of a thread is provided by the spindle revolving
in the opposite direction to that of the twist of the spun yarn, un-
twisting the remaining thread, causing a cessation of delivery, and the
yarn is prevented wrapping round the front rollers A and producing
waste.

page_text: The main feature of my Invention consists in arranging a spindle or
spindles at the back of the front rollers in such a manner, that when the
machine or apparatus is set in motion, the threads of the yarn coming
from the bobbins, cops, spools, or other kind of bobbins running off the
ends, will be twisted together before passing between the front rollers.
By these means I can run at a much greater speed than heretofore
obtained, thereby producing an additional quantity of work, preventing
waste, and producing a better twisted yarn.
Having thus described my improvements and the best means I am
acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, I would have it under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the precise details shewn and
described, as these may be varied without departing from the peculiar
character of the Invention, but what I do claim is,—
Firstly. The combination, construction, and employment of improved
apparatus for twisting two or more fold yarn, substantially as herein
described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly. The improved method of employing spindles fitted at the
back of the front rollers for twisting the yarn together before passing
between the front rollers, substantially as herein described and
represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly. The method of twisting yarn coming from cops, spools, or
other kind of bobbins running off the end, substantially as hercin
described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Fourthly. The method of trapping on the cessation or breakage of a
thread, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bottomley, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
30 Witness,
WALTER JA'. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
JOHN BOTTOMLEY. (L.S.)