CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING YARN OR THREAD MANUFACTURED PROM COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1836

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DE BERGUE, of Clapham Rise, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the sixth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Charles De Bergue, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Charles De Bergue, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Charles De Bergue, my exors, adñiors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
USED FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING YARN OR THREAD MANUFACTURED PROM COTTON
OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso that I, the said Charles De Bergue, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles De Bergue, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention of Certain Improvements in Machinery used for Spinning and
Doubling Yarn or Thread Manufactured from Cotton or other Fibrous
Materials, consist in the arrangement and adaptation to such description of
machinery of certain apparatus hereafter described.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a front view, Figure 2 an end view, and Figure 3 a
plan, of part of an ordinary throstle having my improvements applied thereto.
The remaining Figures are views, sections, and detached of the parts (shown
full size) of which my Invention is constructed, as will be herein-after described.
In each of these Figures the same letters refer to similar parts. A repre-
sents the drawing roller; and B, the small guide or loop through which
the thread or roving passes previous to its arrival at the spindle where the
spinning or doubling process commences. From this point the yarn or
thread proceeds through the apparatus D, and thence to the bobbin C, on
which it is received in the form of twist or double yarn, according to the
nature of the machine to which my improvements are applied.
These Figures 1, 2, and 3 are delineated for the purpose of shewing the
position in which my improvements are or may be applied to spinning or
doubling machines; and in this application it will be remarked that the bobbins
or spools C, on to which the yarn or doubled thread is wound or placed, are
caused to traverse or ascend and descend at such varying periods as to
produce a bobbin of yarn or thread with conical ends, which preludes the
necessity of flanges to the wooden spool on which the yarn or thread is
placed. This conical or other arrangement of the ends or construction of the
bobbin entirely depends on the copping motion of the machine to which my
improvements are applied, and is well known.
Before I proceed to describe the nature of my improvements, and the manner
of their action, I will remark that the general mode of action (in ordinary
throstles, doubling frames, and similar machines) on which the winding or
distributing the yarn or thread (in a regular succession of layers on the bobbins)
depends, is effected, in the first place, by the rising and falling or traverse of
the copping rail; and that the tension or hardness with which it is wound on

page_text: is dependent on the amount of friction or drag which such bobbin offers to the
uniform motion of the fly of the spindle. This is the ordinary and well-known
arrangement; but in the arrangement represented at Figures 1, 2, and 3,
the bobbin is not placed loose on the spindle as in the most common cases,
but is placed fast on the spindle, and partakes of its uniform rotation, while
the drag which governs the tension or hardness with which the yarn or thread
is. placed or wound on the bobbins C depends on the friction caused by
circular rings G, contained in circular grooves formed in the inner rings of
the part D, and it will be seen that the rings G are loose and free to move
in every direction laterally, in order to the passage of the thread or yarn; and
the rings G will when in use be pressed on by the threads or yarns, the rings
G being sufficiently supported by those parts of the grooves a, a, in the
rings F, opposite to where the threads or yarn press, by which means the
rings G will have constant motion as the thread is drawn round, and the
thread or yarn is retained on the outside of the ring G, and on the inside
of the circular ring F, formed in the part D, as is clearly shewn at Figure 6.
The copping or alternate perpendicular traverse by which the regular distri-
bution of the yarn is obtained is effected by the traverse of the spindle itself,
which is supported on and revolves in a step on the rail E, which rail
performs the necessary traverse for distributing the yarn or thread.
Having thus far described the position and mode of application of my
improvements in machinery used for spinning and doubling, and as it will
be seen by examination of the Drawing that each spindle has an apparatus
D applied thereto, I will now proceed to describe the construction of the
apparatus D, in which my improvements consist; in doing so I more par-
ticularly call attention to Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Figure 4 is a view of a
metallic or other smooth ring, and Figure 5 a plan of the same. Figure 6
is a transverse section of the part D, in which it will be remarked that there is
a recess or circular groove cut out, as represented at a, a, in which the ring G
is retained, though the same is loose and capable of moving freely within the
groove, this groove being in the interior of the ring or opening F, as seen in
plan at Figure 8, and in section at Figure 6. Now supposing the thread
or yarn to be passed through the opening or slit e, e, Figure 8, and the
bobbins c revolve in the direction of the arrow, it will be obvious that the
thread or yarn will impinge or rest against the metal or other ring G, which
is placed in the groove a, a, Figure 6; and this ring being quite free, and haying
sufficient room allowed for the thread or yarn dragging on the ring G, and
thereby having a delicate yet sufficient friction for giving tension to the yarn
or thread in winding on, the thread or yarn is thus guided by the ring for

page_text: The
distribution in the form of the bobbin of yarn or thread required.
course and position which the thread or yarn assumes in its passage from
the drawing rollers of the machine to the bobbin or spool on which it is
ultimately placed, will be best seen and understood by reference to Figure
6, where the thread or yarn f, f, is shewn tinted blue, proceeding from the
guide B, and over the ring in the groove a, a, and thence to the bobbin C.
Having now described the mode of application as well as the construction of
my Improvements in Machinery used for Spinning and Doubling Yarn or
Thread Manufactured from Cotton or other Fibrous Material, I wish it to be
understood that my improvement consists in the construction and arrangement
of the part D with the grooved ring F and ring G, for the purpose of guiding or
governing the position of the thread or yarn in its progress towards the bobbin
C, and for producing the requisite drag or friction to the thread or yarn,
as represented and explained, and will be readily traced by an examination
of the annexed Drawing; and I would have it understood, that I am well aware
that circular guides for the purpose of obviating the necessity of the common
flys have been before used, though of a very different construction, and acting
in a different manner to the apparatus herein described. I do not therefore
claim circular guides generally, but only claim them constructed according
to the improvements herein described, whereby the rings G are loose in
the grooves a, a, and free to move laterally in every direction, and are sup-
ported by the stationary grooved rings F.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles De Bergue, have hereunto set
my band and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of May, in the year of
T