Improvements in Electrical Resistances.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrical Resistances.
I, MAXIMILIAN LINNER, Junior, of Rennweg 22, Vienna, Austria, Electrical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in electrical resistances and has for its
object to form the resistant of carbon rods preferably made of some homogeneous
carbon or carbon used for arc lamps.
'These resistances are constructed to meet the various technical requirements,
annexed drawing showing the same in three types, viz. controllable lamp resistances,
auxiliary switches and main current regulators and starting apparatus for constant,
alternating and rotary current motors.
The constructive principle of all these resistances are alike and the carbon rods
arranged behind each other, are held between plates of non conducting material
and connected at their ends conductively according to the meaus employed for
switching.
Figs. 1, 2 & 3, Sheet I, of annexed two sheets of drawings, represent respectively
a longitudinal and a cross section and a plan of an ordinary regulating series
resistance for arc lamps whilst Fig. 4 shows the means of switching the elements of
the resistance into circuit.
As will be seen therefrom a suitable number of carbon rods, in the present
instance 12, are mounted parallel with each other between two plates A, A formed
of isolating material, preferably of slate. These two plates are fixed upon a
board B and kept the required distance apart from each other by means of a
distance bolt A'. The said plates, particularly when made of slate, are secured to
the board B by means of wire straps 6 which are placed over the distance bolt A
and their ends passed through the board B and bent over its underside at right
angles.
The carbon rods at each end are coned and received by a corresponding number
of recesses or holes lined with metallic bonnets a.
As will be seeu from the diagram shown in Fig. 4, the carbon rods 1-12 are
arranged behind each other in such a manner, that always two bonnets a are
connected together by a plate a', see Fig. 5.
In order to be able to vary to a certain extent the resistance formed by the..
said carbon rods, two carbons 4, 5, arranged directly behind each other, are
connected together by means of a bridge C adapted to slide thereon longitudinally
and consisting of two arms c, c, bent at each end and connected together by means
of a bolt el and wing nut c, which bridge may be set in any desired position upon
the two carbons arranged behind each other. The bridge being brought nearer
to or further away from the carbon ends connected with each other, a larger or
smaller portion of the carbons 4, 5, are brought into the conductive circuit and
thus the amount of resistance employed between the terminals M, M', varied.
When fixing a lamp each resistance is set as required by means of the bridge C
after which the sheet metal case B₁ is placed over it and screwed upon the
board B.
Figs. 6, 7, 8 & 9 represent respectively a vertical section,
an auxiliary switch regulator constructed in accordance with
differs from that herein before described, as it may be varied at
a
plan in section of
my invention which
any time from Oto

page_text: the maximum of its value; like in the former resistance the carbons are here also
arranged behind each other and plates a¹ and bonnets a employed, but as already
stated a suitable number of the carbon rods may be switched in or out.
To this end the carbon rods are mounted as formerly between two plates A, A,
formed of isolating material, which are connected together as well as to the foot
board B by means of the distance bolt A', which carries at its upper end the
switch handle D having below a contact spring d.
As already mentioned, the carbon rods 1-12 are arranged behind each other,
one pole of the circuit being connected with the terminal M¹ and the one end of
the conductive chain formed by the carbon rods arranged behind each other, and
the other pole M to the contact lever D..
Upon the top of the apparatus are arranged concentric with the fulcrum of the
lever D, contact pieces O & 1-121 the number of which exceeds that of the
carbon rods by one, the said contact pieces being successively connected with
the points of the conductive circuit formed by and laying between two carbon rods,
as well as with the starting and terminating points.
By this arrangement which, is shown in diagram by Fig. 9, any desired number
of the carbon rods can be brought into resistance with the conductive circuit by
turning the lever D or the same may be completely switched out of or into the
circuit.
Figs. 10-13 show another type of resistance constructed in accordance with my
invention which is specially designed to serve as a starting apparatus for motors,
Fig. 10 being a plan, Fig. 11 a longitudinal section on line - of Fig. 10,
Figs. 12 & 13 cross sections on line y-y & z-z of Fig. 10, Fig. 14 shows a diagram
of the switching of the rods.
The carbon rods, are as previously described arranged behind each other by
means of copper arms a' and bonnets a to form one conductive circuits one of the
contacts & 2-16¹ fixed upon the plate B arranged concentrically around the
fulcrum of the contact lever D, corresponding with the start, finish and each of
the conductive circuits or chain formed between every other carbon rod.
The contact lever D on its underside is furnished with two contact springs d', d³,
one of which rides upon the contact arm D' and the other in the circle in which the
contacts O, 2-16¹ are arranged.
The switching of the apparatus takes place by switching between the contacts D'
and the one end of the chain formed by the carbon rods, i.e. between the
terminals M & M¹.
It will be readily seen that in this case as formerly by moving the lever a larger
distance a corresponding number of carbon rods may be switched into the circuit
or the resistance be brought out of the circuit altogether by moving the contact
lever to O.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is-
In electric resistances, the use of carbon employed as resistant in rod shape, all
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 14th day of January 1906
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.