IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES AND IN ATTACHMENTS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1876

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents, 66,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, for the
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES AND IN ATTACHMENTS
FOR THE SAME." A communication from abroad by Robert Whitehill, of the
City and State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 27th February 1877, and dated the 21st September 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1876.
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66; Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING
MACHINES AND IN ATTACHMENTS FOR THE SAME."
This Invention more particularly relates to double thread or lock stitch sewing
machines, although portions of the Invention are applicable to machines which do
not use a shuttle and work only a single thread.
The Invention consists in a combination with the take-up of a double thread or
lock stitch sewing machine of an intermittently and positively operated clamp,
serving to hold on to the needle thread till the take-up has drawn thread from
between the shuttle driver and the shuttle, an intermittently and positively operated
needle thread supplier drawing thread from the spool when the said clamp is closed,
and a tension device serving to hold the thread while the said clamp is open, and
thereby to prevent the take-up from pulling thread from the spool instead of
drawing it through the cloth and to prevent the take-up from drawing more thread
than is necessary, said clamp, needle thread supplier, and tension device being
arranged between the take-up and the spool from which the needle thread is
drawn.
It likewise consists in a throat plate of novel construction in combination with a
shuttle thread holder on the machine, the same operating to hold the thread while
the stitch is being formed irrespectively of the spring tension on the shuttle thread,
which consequently requires no regulation of its tension for such purpose, said duty
being performed by the independent shuttle thread holder instead of by the

page_text: shuttle; also, in an arrangement of parts whereby the pin of a connecting rod used
to actuate the shuttle, and operated by a crank serves also as a turning or vibrating
horn of the shuttle driver and assists in the liberation of the needle thread from
the shuttle.
The Invention also consists in an arrangement of the shuttle driver and its horns
and points or parts to which the power is applied to drive the shuttle, whereby
the whole shuttle driver and its driving appendages are in the same plane with the
longitudinal axis or centre of the shuttle, the driving horns projecting up into the
centre of the raceway and acting on the shuttle near its centre, thus avoiding
racking of parts in the quick running of the machine, likewise in constructing the
shuttle without female centres for its bobbin. This admits of a longer bobbin being
used, and the shuttle thread is prevented from passing over the head of the bobbin
and from hitching or catching on the shuttle centres.
.
The Invention also consists in a peculiar combination of parts, including a
swivelling guide, through which the excentric bar operating the four motion feed in
three of its movements works to give a positive action to the feed.
The Invention also consists in a feed regulating bar of novel construction,
whereby said bar, which partakes of the character of an elliptic spring, may be
readily inserted and removed from its place in or under the bed of the machine,
also may be drawn back and forth smoothly and evenly to effect the required
adjustment and be securely held in its place when sot.
Likewise the Invention consists in the combination with an oscillating needle
thread take-up (which receives motion from a rack on the needle bar) of a stationary
bar, pin, or wire, over which the needle thread is bent by the take-up after the
stitch has been tightened by the lattor, said bar or pin being excentrically arranged
as regards its inside face over which the thread is drawn, relatively with the centre
of motion of the take-up, whereby tension is relaxed from the needle thread after
the stitch has been tightened, so as not to hold back the fabric while the feed is
taking place without however producing objectionable slack, and providing for a
fresh delivery of the needle thread in suitable amount to form a new stitch.
It is desirable to make the oscillating take-up adjustable around the arbor by
which it is operated, to provide for adjusting the take-up to suit different thick-
nesses of fabric.
Furthermore, the Invention consists in a novel construction of the needle thread
take-up, to prevent the thread being soiled by oil used in lubricating the working
parts of the take-up; also in further peculiarities in the construction of said take-up,
whereby increased facility is offered for passing the needle throad to the take-up,
also for adjusting the take-up without removing the plate that covers its operating
mechanism.
Again, the Invention consists in a novel construction of the means for guiding
the needle bar, whereby provision is made for adjustment of the same as against
wear, free from binding or irregularity of the toothed connection or gear of the bar
with a pinion for operating the take-up.
The Invention also consists in certain novel constructions, combinations, and
arrangements of the parts which constitute the needle motion, including a sun-and-
planet gear arranged between the actuating shaft and the needle bar or carrier, in
such manner that said shaft terminates in rear of the latter and said needle bar or
carrier is in front of said gear; also arrangements by which the needle bar or
carrier is made to occupy a central position relatively with the actuating shaft and
is in front of the end of the latter, and the needle bar or carrier is connected in
front of the actuating shaft producing a more direct action on the needle; also other
novel constructions and arrangements of parts connected with said motion, whereby
an extended planet gear shaft having bearings at both of its ends may be used; a
bearing or support is obtained for the actuating shaft inside of a hub on the end
of the latter carrying the gear, the needle bar may be fitted to slide in a groove in
the back of the face plate, and the gear is enclosed by a case or box attached to
the stationary arm of the machine to protect said gears and other parts pertaining

page_text: thereto, and to catch any lubricating material that may fly off by the action of the
"motion."
The Invention likewise consists in a combination of mechanism in a sewing
machine, in which the needle bar or carrier, actuated by sun-and-planet gears, is
arranged in front of the actuating shaft, whereby said actuating shaft and the shuttle
driving shaft, geared together by bevil gears, are in like vertical planes and the
shuttle driver which is actuated by a crank works parallel with the actuating shaft,
thus enabling the machine to be run at a high velocity with perfect steadiness and
accuracy.
The Invention furthermore consists in a rocking or vibrating tuck creaser
attachment to a sewing machine, the same being constructed to operate by spring
pressure with a drawing action to effect the creaso.
The Invention also includes a shuttle bobbin winder for sewing machines, which
is an improvement upon that description of such attachments in which the winder
is provided with a wheel that is brought into contact with the fly or driving wheel
of the machine to effect the winding, and is released from said contact after the
required amount of thread has been wound upon the bobbin. This part of the
Invention consists in a bobbin winder of said description made to swivel or rock
to bring its wheel in contact with and release it from action by the operating wheel
of the machine, and in which the construction is such that both the bobbin and the
winding spindle work between two centres subject, or preferably so, to an easy
axial spring pressure or hold, and in which the same spring not only serves to thus
hold the bobbin and winding spindle but also to keep the winder in position when
its wheel is brought in contact with the operating wheel of the machine, and to
provide for its release from such contact, when required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
March 1877.
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING
MACHINES AND IN ATTACHMENTS FOR THE SAME." A communication froin abroad
by Robert Whitehill, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
This Invention more particularly relates to double thread or lock stitch sewing
machines, although portions of the Invention are applicable tɔ machines which do
not use a shuttle and work only a single thread.
The Invention consists in a combination with the take-up of a double thread or
lock stitch sewing machine of an intermittently and positively operated clamp
serving to hold on to the needle thread till the take-up has drawn thread from
between the shuttle driver, and the shuttle an intermittently and positively operated
needle thread supplier drawing thread from the spool when the said clamp is closed,
and a tension device arranged between the said clamp and needle thread supplier,
and serving to hold the thread while the said clamp is open, and thereby to prevent
the take-up from pulling thread from the spool instead of drawing it through the
cloth, and to prevent the take-up from drawing more thread than is necessary.
It likewise consists in a novel construction of the shuttle driver, whereby the pin
of a connecting rod used to actuate the shuttle, and operated by a crank serves also
as a turning or vibrating horn of the shuttle driver, and assists in the liberation of
the neodle thread from the shuttle, and whereby also the connection of the driver
with the connecting rod through which it receives motion, and the horns through
which it acts upon the shuttle are all brought in or nearly in the same plane with
the longitudinal axis of the shuttle, thus avoiding the racking of the parts in the

page_text: quick running of the machine; likewise in a certain construction of the shuttle,
whereby female centres for the bobbin are dispensed with, also a longer bobbin
may be used, and the shuttle thread is provented from passing over the head of the
bobbin and from hitching or catching on the shuttle centres.
The Invention also consists in a peculiar combination of parts with the feed bar
of an excentric or bent, rod or lever operated by said excentric, and a swiveling
or rocking guide in which the said rod works, whereby the upward and downward
and forward movements of a four motion fed are obtained.
The Invention also consists in a feed regulating bar of novel construction,
whereby said bar which partakes of the character of an elliptic spring may be
readily inserted and removed from its place in or under the bed of the machine,
also may be drawn back and forth smothly and evenly to effect the required
adjustment, and be securely held in its place when set.
Likewise the Invention consists in the combination with an oscillating needle
thread take-up of a stationary bar, pin, or wire, over which the needle thread is
bent by the take-up after the stitch has been tightened by the lattor, said bar or
pin being excentrically arranged as regards its inside face, over which the thread is
drawn relatively with the centre of motion of the take-up, whereby tension is
relaxed from the needle thread after the stitch has been tightened so as not to
hold back the fabric while the feed is taking place, without however producing
objectionable slack and providing for a fresh delivery of the needle thread in
suitable amount to form a new stitch. It is desirable to make the oscillating take
up adjustable around the arbor by which it is operated to provide for adjusting
the take-up to suit different thicknesses of fabric.
Furthermore, the Invention cousists in a novel construction of the needle thread
take-up to prevent the thread being soiled by oil used in lubricating the working
parts of the take-up, also in further peculiarities in the construction of said take-up,
whereby increased facility is afforded for passing the needle thread to the take-up,
also for adjusting the take-up without removing the plate that covers its operating
mechanism.
Again, the Invention consists in a novel construction of the means for guiding
the needle bar, whereby provision is made for adjustment of the same as against
wear free from binding or irregularity of the toothed connection or gear of the bar
with a pinion for operating the take-up.
The Invention also consists in certain novel constructions, combinations, and
arrangements of the parts which constitute the needle motion including a sun-and-
planet gear arranged between the actuating shaft and the needle bar or carrier, in
such manner that said shaft terminates in rear of the latter, and said needle bar or
carrier is in front of said gear, also arrangements by which the needle bar or
carrier is made to occupy a central position relatively with the actuating shaft, and
is in front of the end of the latter, and the needle bar or carrier is connected in
front of the actuating shaft producing a more direct action on the needle; also
other novel constructions and arrangements of parts connected with said motion,
whereby an extended planet gear shaft having bearings at both of its ends inay be
used, a bearing or support is obtained for the actuating shaft inside of a hub on the
end of the latter carrying the gear, the needle bar may be fitted to slide in a groove
in the back of the face plate, and the gear is enclosed by a case or box attached to
the stationary arm of the machine to protect said gears and other parts pertaining
thereto, and to catch any lubricating material that may fly off by the action of the
motion.
The Invention likewise consists in a combination of mechanism in a sewing
machine in which the needle bar or carrier actuated by sun-and-planet gears is
arranged in front of the actuating shaft, whereby said actuating shaft and the
shuttle driving shaft geared together by bevel gears are in like vertical planes, and
the shuttle driver which is actuated by a crank works parallel with the actuating
shaft, thus enabling the machine to be run at a high velocity with perfect steadiness
and accuracy.

page_text: The Invention furthermore consists in a rocking or vibrating tuck creaser attach-
ment to a sewing machine, the same being constructed to operate by spring pressure
with a drawing action to effect the crease, and comprising various combinations of
parts, whereby a most perfect action with every facility of adjustment, is obtained
for the creaser.
The Invention also includes a shuttle bobbin winder for sewing machines, which
is an improvement upon that description of such attachments in which the winder
is provided with a wheel that is brought into contact with the fly or driving wheel
of the machine to effect the winding, and is released from said contact after the
required amount of thread has been wound upon the bobbin. This part of the
Invention consists in a bobbin winder of said description, embracing a novel com-
bination of parts, and made to swivel or rock to bring its wheel in contact with and
release it from action by the operating wheel of the machine, and in which the con-
struction is such that both the bobbin and the winding spindle work between two
centres subject to an easy axial spring pressure or hold, and in which the same
spring not only serves to thus hold the bobbin and winding spindle, but also to keep
the winder in position when its wheel is brought in contact with the operating
wheel of the machine, and to provide for its release from such contact when required.
A bobbin winder thus constructed, while it affords every facility for a rapid con-
nection and disconnection of it with and from the operating wheel of the machine,
and for the insertion and removal of the bobbin, has an easy or free running action,
which not only reduces bearing friction but avoids any liability of the slipping of
the winder on the wheel which operates it.
In the accompanying Drawings,
Figure 1 represents a partially sectional side view on the line v, v, (Fig. 2,) of a
shuttle sewing machine constructed in accordance with the Invention in part;
Figure 2 is an under view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a partly sectional side view from the reverse side of the machine to
that represented in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a front end view of said machine, and Fig. 5 a partially sectional
similar view.
Figure 4a is a front end view of the upper forward portion of the machine with
the face plate covering said end removed, and Figure 5 a vertical longitudinal
section of such portion of the machine, both of said views, which are mainly in
illustration of the needle motion, being upon a larger scale than certain other of the
Figures of the Drawing.
Fig. 6 is a top view or plan of the machine, and Figure 7 an under view thereof
with the operating parts in a different position to that which they occupy in
Fig. 2.
Figures 8 and 9 are sectional elevations through the front bed portion the
machine shewing the feeding and other parts in different positions, and Figure 10
is a sectional view at right angles to Figures 8 and 9 of said portion of the machine
on the line z, z, in Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a partially sectional and broken side view shewing the needle thread
supplier as taking thread from the spool, and the shuttle as having commenced its
back stroke, and the take-up as in the act of taking up the thread.
Figure 12 is a front view with the parts in the position represented for them in
Fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a rear view of the face plate at the head of the machine removed,
together with the means used for guiding and adjusting the needle bar and for
operating the take-up.
Figure 14 is an under view of said plate and its pertaining devices.
Fig. 15 is an elevation of the take-up operating rack and needle bar connection.
Fig. 10 is a front view on an enlarged scale of the take-up with its covering
plate partly broken away, and Fig. 17 a section of the same on the line w, w, of
Fig. 16.

page_text: Fig. 17 is a front view in part, also upon an enlarged scale, in illustration of the
action of the take-up.
Fig. 18 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the machine in part on an enlarged
scale, and Fig. 19 a rear view of the same in part.
Fig. 20 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through the feeder, showing also the
shuttle, the shuttle driver, and the shuttle thread holder.
Fig. 21 is a view in perspective from beneath of the throat plate, and Fig. 22 a
transverse section of the same on the line y, y, of Fig. 21.
Figure 23 is a side view of the shuttle from its one side; Figure 24 is a view from
the reverse side of the shuttle inverted; Figuro 25, a longitudinal section of the
shuttle; and Fig. 20, a plan of the same.
Fig. 27 is a perspective view upon a larger scale of the shuttle with its bobbin
removed, and with its lever catch as thrown up or open.
Fig. 28 represents a side clevation of the forward portion of a sewing machine
with the improved tuck creaser attached, and as in the act of creasing a piece of
cloth; Figure 29 is a sectional horizontal view of the same on the irregular line x, x¹,
of Fig. 28; Fig. 30 is a vertical transverse section thereof on the line y¹, y¹, of
Fig. 29, looking in direction of the arrow v¹; and Fig. 31 is a vertical view of the
acting portions of the creaser on the sectional line 21, 2, of Figure 29, looking in the
direction of the arrow w¹.
Fig. 32 represents a side view of a bobbin winder constructed in accordance with
the Invention, and as applied to a sewing machine, here shown only in part;
Figure 33 is a rear end view of the same; and Figure 34 is a partly sectional hori-
zontal view thereof.
Referring in the first instance to the Figures of the Drawing from 1 to 27 inclu-
sive, A is the cloth bed of the machine; B, the operating shaft arranged to run
lengthwise through the goose neck or stationary arm C, and serving to give motion
to the needle and to the needle thread clamp and supplier of said thread to the take-
up, as herein-after described; D is a vertical shaft within the rear portion of the
goose neck, deriving its motion by bevel gears a, b, from the shaft B, and serving to
communicate motion to the shuttle E and feeding bar or dog F; G is the presser
foot, and H the needle thread spool; I (see more particularly Figures 13, 14, and
15) is the needle bar carrying the needle c, and arranged to reciprocate up and down
in the back of the face plate J within and between a dovetailed fixed guiding bar d
and a dovetailed laterally adjustable guiding bar e, which is slotted and fastened to
the plate J by means of screws f, f, to provide for wear of the needle bar between
its guides. The needle bar I carries on its upper end a rack K, which gears with
the operating pinion L of the take-up; said rack, instead of being as heretofore a
fixed portion of the needle bar, is connected with the latter in a laterally adjustable
manner by means of a screw 3 entering an oblong slot in the rack (see Fig. 15), so
that on slackening said screw when setting up the adjustable guiding bar e the
needle bar may be moved laterally along with it up against the fixed guiding bar d
without changing the proper relative position of the rack K and pinion L or causing
them to bind, but providing for the rack always moving in the same straight line,
and preserving the same depth of gear with the pinion; said rack K may however,
if desired, be rigidly connected with the needle bar I or be formed in one piece
with it.
The needle bar I is reciprocated by means of a connecting rod M, which receives
its motion from an excentric pin h, on or connected with a planet wheel carried by
a hollow hub on the front end of the actuating shaft B, and gearing with a stationary
circular rack or sun wheel, which is concentric with said shaft. The connecting
rod M (see Fig. 18) is attached to the needle bar below by means of a tubular foot
or socket i, arranged to receive within it a stud j, or roller surrounding the latter at
the back of the bottom end of the needle bar, and said rod, when thus attached to
the bar, being secured thereto by a screw which is extended to project through
the stud and into the needle bar till its point rests against the needle c, thus

page_text: making the connection between the neodle bar and the rod which operates the latter
also serve as the needle clamp.
In fuller description of the noedle motion, reference will more particularly be
made to Figures 4 and 5* of the Drawing. In those Figures A² represents the fixed
sun wheel, and B the planet wheel gearing therewith. These gears are arranged
between the actuating shaft B,' and the needle bar or carrier I in such manner, that
the shaft B terminates in rear of the needle bar or carrier, which latter is arranged
to occupy an approximate or true central position relatively with the actuating shaft
in front of the end thereof, thus straddling the shaft as it were as distinguished from
being worked from the one side of it.
Furthermore the rod M which operates the needle bar I from or by the excentric
pin h, makes its working connection in front of the actuating shaft B, and conse-
quently has a central and direct action on the needle bar or carrier, and a straight
connecting rod may be used, both it and the needle bar or carrier being in front of
the forward end of the actuating shaft B..
By this specified arrangement of the sun-and-planet gears in relation with the
actuating shaft and needle bar or carrier, the epicycloidal motion of the excentric or
wrist pin h, connected with the planet wheel B, which rolls around the sun wheel A²,
admits of the pin / being set so that it not only gives the necessary rapid motion to
the needle during that part of its movement which takes place while it is out of the
cloth, and produces the requisite retardation, while in the material for the passage
of the shuttle through the loop, but admits of an approximately central dwell or
slight up-and-down motion of said pin relatively with the line of the needle to
effect said retardation, as shewn at b³, in the dotted line c², Fig. 4, which line
represents the path described by the pin h. This dwell position of the pin h may be
adjusted as required by suitably adjusting the planet wheel B³, on or around its
shaft d; said excentric or wrist pin his attached to a disc e, fast on the forward
end of the shaft d, and the arrangement of the connection with the needle bar in
advance of the forward end of the actuating shaft B admits of a direct connection
free from any overhanging construction or arrangement of the connecting device with
the needle bar or carrier, also of a long connecting rod and a long needle bar being
used.
Any suitable needle bar or carrier may be used, and if desired a slotted needle bar
connection for the pin h to actuate may be substituted for the connecting rod M.
The planet wheel B³, and its shaft dare carried in or by a hub or projection C, fast
on the forward end of the actuating shaft B, and constructed as shewn at f³, to
extend back in sleeve form over the sun wheel A2, whereby an extended planet
wheel shaft d may be used and bearings be formed in said hub or projection for
both ends of said shaft. The sun wheel A² is fitted on or with a tubular bearing g²,
arranged to extend backwards through the head D3 of the sewing machine arm, its
other end extending into the hub or projection C to form a support or bearing for
the actuating shaft B, inside of the hub or projection C. The head D forms a
hollow case or box which protects the sun-and-planet gears and other parts from
injury, and which furthermore catches any oil or lubricating material flying off from
said contained devices.
N (Figures 12 and 16) is the oscillating needle throad take-up consisting of an
arm having an eye l, for the needle thread in front of the needle bar, said arm
having a curvilinearly reciprocating motion within the face plate J about a centre
which is on one side of the needle bar and operating by its eye in conjunction with
a stationary bar pin or wire O, Fig. 17, to provide alike for delivery of the thread at
a proper time and in suitable amount without forming unnecessary slack and for
the tightening of the needle thread when the stitch is formed, but afterwards and
during the continued upward motion of the needle relaxing its tension on said thread
so as not to hold back on the fabric while the feed is taking place without however
producing objectionablo slack. To these ends the bar or wire O or that portion of
it over which the thread m is drawn by the action of the take-up is excentrically
arranged as regards its inside face or thread bearing surface relatively with the

page_text: centre of motion or arbor o of the take-up; said take-up is operated in a positivo
manner directly from the needle bar by means of the rack K, and pinion L, as
herein-before described.
The needle thread m is passed to tlie needle through one or more eyes or
guides u, and from thence (supposing the take up to be in an elevated position)
under or within the inside. of the bar pin or wire O, and up to and through the
eye of the take-up, and from thence down on the inside of the bar or wire O to
the needle.
The oscillating arm of the take-up N is fitted in an adjustable manner by
means of a screw n on and around the arbor o of its operating pinion L, to adapt
the take-up to different thicknesses of fabric, said take-up arm is almost entirely.
contained within a circular cavity 3 (see Fig. 17), provided for its reception in
the front of the face plate J which contains the bearing for the arbor of the
pinion L, the said cavity being concentric with the arbor of the said pinion and
with the axis of oscillation of the take up. All of the 'take up which projects in
front of the plate J is its thread eye l, and the immediately adjacent parts of its
arm. This cavity is almost entirely covered up in front by a concentric supple-
imentary face or covering plato P of circular form secured to the face plate J, a
narrow concentric opening only being. left between the said plate P and the sides
of the said cavity for the passage of the take-up. By this mode of applying the
take-up, not only its thread eye l, but also its arm is shut out from the gearing of
the take-up and the needle bar which require oiling and which are at the back of
the face plate J, and thus the take-up is protected from the oil which might get on
to and soil the thread. The stationary bar or wire O over which the needle thread
is bent during and after the tightening of the stitch is attached to the front of the.
plate P.
To provide for adjusting the take-up arm on or around the arbor o without
removing the plate P, said plate is made with a hole 8 in it for the purpose of
introducing a screwdriver through the plate to release the screw n, and after thé
necessary adjustment of the take-up arm has been made to subsequently tighten
the same.
The bar or wire O of the take-up is made adjustable by a screw t and slot at its
inner or back end on the plate P. so that its herein-before described excentric
relation with the working centre of the take-up..N. may be increased or diminished
to adjust the slackening. of the needle thread as the shuttle recedes; said bar or
wire O is bent to form an elastic staple-like guard from its back or inner end over
which the thread is bent to its outer end which is free, but shuts down on the face
plate J.
This allows of the needle thread being passed to its place under the
opening or free end of the guard or bent wire O when threading the needle, thus
admitting of the needle thread being introduced laterally or at any point in its
length within the guard bar or wire O, and not necessitating the passing of said
thread from its sewing end therethrough.
The action of the take-up N on the needle thread and in relation with the
excentric bar or wire O, where the latter is connected with the plate P is as
follows, reference being made to Fig. 17" of the Drawing which is specially
intended to illustrate this part of the Invention:-The notion of the oscillating
take-up N is indicated by full and dotted lines in said Figure of the Drawing.
Thus when the sewing needle is fully down or as it commences to make its up-
stroke, then the eye 7 of the take-up occupies the lowest position represented for it
by dotted lines, in which position the take-up exerts no tension on the thread, and
in assuming which, that is, in travelling from its upper dotted position to its lower-
most one it has provided for the free delivery of the thread, and in suitable amount
without forming unnecessary slack for the needle in its down stroke to carry
through the cloth. As the sewing needle ascends however the take-up at first
controlling only a single line of the thread gives sufficient slack for the needle to
form the loop and for the passage of the shuttle through the latter, and afterwards
proceeds to take up all surplus slack which it does at first slowly and afterwards

page_text: more rapidly, and subsequently and gradually as it approaches its extreme upper-
most position draws on the thread between the shuttle driver and the shuttle, or
tightens the stitch, by which time the take-up N has reached the position
represented for it by full lines in said Fig. 17, it then controlling the needle
thread in its doubled condition, the two lines of said thread being on the inside of
the excentric bar or wire O when the latter meets the plate P.
During the further continued upward movement of the needle the take-up N
travels backward to the position represented for it by the upper dotted lines, but
without any further tightening action on the thread by reason of the take-up
having passed its highest points aided by the excentric position of the bar or wire O
-on its inside or thread bearing surface relatively to the centre of motion of the
take-up, that is, at a distance from the centro of the take-up. This excontric
-position of the bar wire or pin O secures for the latter its legitimate function of
preventing the formation of slack in the needle thread, or at least any objectionablo
"amount of slack, as the take-up finishes its backward travel and the needle completes
its ascent yet insures such relaxation of the tension on the needle thread after the
stitch has been tightened as will allow of enough slack thread to prevent any
hindrance by said thread to the feed of the fabric. This relaxing of the tension or
limited slack of the needle thread may be increased or diminished by varying the
distance of the wire or pin O from the centre of motion of the take-up, but so that
it is wholly out of said centre. As the needle descends again and the motion of
the take-up is reversed, said take-up which during each action has supplied to it
the necessary thread to form a stitch operates only gradually to give out the slack
until the needle meets the cloth and to time the supply of thread, so that all risk of
entanglement is avoided and the thread is supplied as the movement of the needle
requires.
Arranged between the take-up N and spool H (see more particularly Figures 1,
3.6, 11, and 18,) is a clamp T, under or through which the needle thread m is
passed, and by which it is positively held, excepting when the take-up begins to
draw fresh thread to form a succeeding stitch, at which period the clamp is released
or at least sufficiently relaxed to allow of the take-up drawing new thread. Said
clamp may be variously constructed, but must be positively controlled by the
machine to secure. its opening and closing at the proper periods, and is here repre-
sented as having its clamping action on the thread effected by.a spring a, and its
lifting or releasing action as effected by a toe or cam 6 on the shaft B, said toe.or..
cam being suitably arranged to release the clamp when the take-up is drawing new,
thread. This opening of the clamp is in advance of the take-up N, reaching.its,
extreme lift or highest point, after which it is closed in order that the shuttle E as
it continues its forward movement may draw the stitch tight, and the shuttle
thread is prevented from drawing it through the goods, causing the stitch to be
perfectly formed on the under side of the latter. Said clamp furthermore continues
closed by the spring a¹ during the return and thread delivering action of the take-
up, and remains closed during a limited portion of the next ascent of the latter in
order that the clamp inay hold on to the needle thread till the take-up has drawn
thread from between the shuttle driver and the shuttle.
Combined with the clamp T and take-up N is what may be termed a needle
thread supplier U disposed between said clamp and the spool H back of the take-
up. This needle thread supplier is constructed to lift upon the thread m between
stationary eyes or guides c¹, c¹, at intervals, and like the clamp T is positively
controlled by the machine being lifted by a cam d' on the shaft B as against a
closing or lowering spring e'. The thread m passes through the supplier U, which
has a slot through it for that purpose. Said needle thread supplier U is operated
by the cam d only when the clamp T is closed no as to draw thread from the
spool H for use or draft by the take-up after said clamp has been closed, so that in
forming the stitch the turning of the spool is altogether independent of the take-up,
and the necessary tension is not affected by the turning of the spool, the supplier U
always drawing enough or more than enough of thread from the spool H, when the

page_text: clamp T is closed to form a stitch. There is also combined with the clamp Ta
tension spring or device V for the needle thread. The duty of this tension device,
which is arranged between the clamp T and needle thread supplier U, is to cause a
slight hold upon the thread while the clamp T is open, so as to prevent the take-
up N pulling thread from the spool instead of drawing it through the goods, and to
prevent the take-up from drawing more thread than required to form the stitch,
after which the clainp closes on the needle thread.
The tension device V also serves to hold up any superfluous or loose thread
between the clamp T and the needle thread supplier U. W is the race or raceway of
the shuttle E, and A¹ the raceway of the shuttle driver, said raceways being arranged
one over the other, and in free communication with each other by a longitudinal
opening f. This construction provides for the shuttle as it wears to drop down,
and for clearance of dirt or extraneous matter from the shuttle race. It also provides
for the horns h¹, i, of the shuttle driver B¹ being extended to enter the shuttle
raceway, so that they will reach up to and come in line with the centre of the
shuttle, thereby giving a steadier and better driving action.
The one horn ¹ of the shuttle driver is also the pin by which the shuttle or its
driver is actuated, said pin being attached to or forming part of the connecting
rod C, by which motion is communicated to the driver. Said pin or horn / is
free to turn loosely within or through the shuttle driver B' as the rod C² is vibrated
laterally as well as reciprocated longitudinally by the action of a driving crank D¹
on the shaft D, to which the rod C¹ is pivotted at its rear end; thus the same
connection ¹ not only serves to unite the rod C¹ with the shuttle driver B¹, but also
forms one of the horns of said driver, and by the turning of it in or through the
latter the same constitutes a moveable of slightly turning horn, which aids the
delivery of the thread from the shuttle.
By the arrangement as described of the shuttle driver and its horns and driving
connections relatively to the shuttles it will be seen that the whole shuttle driver
and its operating attachments are central with the longitudinal axis of the shuttle,
the driving horns projecting up into the centre of the raceway, and acting on the
shuttle near its centre, and the driving line of the shuttle driver B¹ as the latter is
operated by the rod C¹ from the crank D¹ being in the same plane or line with the
points where the power is applied to the shuttle; thus the entire action is central,
and racking is thereby obviated when the machine is run at a high speed.
By the combination and arrangement of the upright shaft D geared at its upper
end with the actuating shaft B, so that said shafts lie in the same vertical plane,
the crank D¹ at the lower end of said upright shaft giving motion to the shuttle,
and the shuttle driver B¹ working parallel with the actuating shaft B, and the
machine having its needle bar or carrier in front of the actuating shaft, and operated
by sun-and-planet gears as described.
The machine may be run at a very high velocity with perfect steadiness and
accuracy. E¹ is the shuttle bobbin, and the shuttle thread. The male centres of
said bobbin are not fitted to work in female centres within the shuttle, but simply
come in contact with the square or plain interior ends of the shuttle, the one head
of the bobbin being entered within a recess at the nose or forward end of the
shuttle, and the other head of the bobbin lying within an opposite end recess 1³, and
under a wing m¹ of a lever_catch F1 pivotted at n¹; this lever catch is thrown up
or open, as represented in Fig. 27, when it is required to insert or remove the
bobbin, but is shut down and fastened by a spring snap o¹ when the bobbin is in its
place within the shuttle. By dispensing with female centres for the bobbin of the
shuttle a longer bobbin than usual for a given length of shuttle may be used, and as
the heads of the bobbin fit snugly within the shuttle, and are enclosed or shielded
by the overlapping walls of the recesses 1, 2, the wing m¹, which locks on or over
the one head of the bobbin constituting one of said walls the shuttle thread is
prevented from passing over the heads of the bobbin, and from catching or hitching
on its centres.
The throat plate G¹ shewn on an enlarged scale from the under side in Figures 21

page_text: and 22, and on a reduced scale in other Figures of the Drawing, besides having the
usual aperture for the sewing needle and opening s¹ for the feeding dog or bar,
is formed on its under side with a projection ul and short groove v¹ cut to enter the
needle hole 1 in line with the shuttle thread as it is taken from the shuttle bobbin,
said groove connecting the needle hole with a recess w¹ in the under side of the
throat plate and serving as a guide for the shuttle thread. G is a shuttle thread
holder, see more particularly Figures 2, 3, 5, 11, 18, and 20. This thread holder,
which may be a spring one and be closed by a crook or wire a² on the shuttle driving
connecting rod C¹, and which is altogether disconnected from the shuttles remains
open during the greater portion of the forward motion of the shuttle and return or
back stroke thereof, but closes before the end of the forward stroke of the shuttle
to clamp the shuttle thread when it and the needle thread meet and lock with each
other in the goods, said shuttle thread holder being released when the shuttle
returns. This forms the stitch independently of the shuttlo tension spring which
consequently needs no regulation and remains always the same. The shuttle thread
holder G when closing entors the recess w¹ in the throat plate and holds said thread
between it and the projection u¹, bearing on said thread both above and below as
When the crook or wire a leaves the shuttle thread holder G, the latter,
springs back or opens, but this in no way interferes with the proper guiding of the
shuttle thread into the groove vl when the shuttle moves forward again.
it were.
The feed, which is a four motion one, is operated by a single excentric rod H¹
deriving its motion from an excentric on the shaft D. This rod, shewn on an
enlarged scale in Figures 8, 9, and 10 and on a smaller scale in other Figures of
the Drawing, is fitted to slide intermediately of its length within or through a
swivelling guide I having a vertical arbor 6 (see Figures 2 and 10). Said rod H¹
is constructed near its forward end with a crook c which, as the rod is worked
forwards and backwards, acts alternately against upper and lower inclined sides of
a slot in a lever J¹ that has. attached to its forward end the feeding dog or
bar F, the said slot d being of such width vertically or only to allow the rod H¹
to work freely in it both longitudinally and laterally, and not to permit any lost
motion vertically between the said rod and the said lever. This crooked con-
struction of the rod H₁ gives the requisite up and down motions in a positive
manner to the feed bar F, which also is moved forward in a positive manner by.
said rods, as an incline or jog e² on its one edge (Figures 2 and 7) comes in contact
with and slides over or against the leg of the feed bar F or advance side edge of
the lever J¹, which latter, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, is constructed with a slot f
in its rear end to admit of its sliding in direction of its length as well as of its
rocking on its fulcrum h².
The back motion of the feed is effected by a spring K¹ arranged to act upon the
sliding and rocking lever J2, the slots and f being sufficiently long for this
purpose and to admit of all necessary adjustments in the back stroke of the feed
bar as the latter or its lever J¹ by a shoulder comes in contact with a feed
regulating bar L¹. The up and forward motions and subsequent drop and back
motions of the feed bar F are the same, as regards timely relation with each other,
as in other four motion feeds, but by the construction of parts as here shown and
described for operating the feeder, a single excentric rod serves to give three
positive movements to the feed bar F. The swivelling of the excentric rod H¹
about the axis of the arbor 62, or in other words, about an axis which is at right
angles to the longitudinal reciprocating travel of said rod, provides for a lateral
movement at its feed bar operating end in a reverse direction to the lateral move-
ment of its opposite end or portion worked by the excentric. This is necessary to
secure the proper relative motions of the feed bar and might be attained otherwise
than by the swiveling guide Ì¹.
The length of the feed is adjusted by constructing the feed regulating bar L' with an
inclined edge 2 (Fig. 2) against which the shoulder of the lever J¹ strikes in the
back throw of the feed, and by sliding or setting the bar L' longitudinally so as to

page_text: provide for its being struck earlier or later in the back throw of the feeder. Said
feed regulating bar, see Figures 1 and 2, is constructed with recesses m², m², in its
opposite edges to admit of the ready entry of the bar from beneath within a lip-
shaped guide M¹ on the under side of the bed A, after which the bar is drawn or
adjusted to its place longitudinally and secured at its back end when sét to determino
the feed by a set screw fitting through a slot in the bed A. This feed regulating
bar L is bent to give it the form or character of an elliptic spring, causing it to
bear at its opposite ends on the under side of the bed A, and intermediately of its
length on the lipped guide M¹, as shewn in Fig. 1. This bent construction of said
bar admits of the smooth and even adjustment of the latter. There is also shewn
attached to the machine a tuck creaser and a shuttle bobbin winder, both of which
will now be described.
In description of the tuck creaser reference will now be made to Figures 28, 29,
30, and 31 of the Drawing. A is the cloth bed of a sewing machine, and B the
reciprocating needle bar carrying the needle 63. 03 is the main shaft which operates
the needle bar, and which may be arranged to work within the goose neck D³ of
the machine. On this shaft is a cam E³, which serves to lift the creaser from the
cloth when the feeding dog is being raised and moved to feed the cloth. G³ is the
presser foot and H³ the guide or guage against which the folded or hem portion of
the cloth I moves when being fed. This guage is adjustable towards or from the
line of feed on the cloth bed A³ by means of a screw and slot d³.
The stationary portion of the tuck creaser consists of a bent bar K3 adjustable
in or out within the gauge H3 by means of a screw and slot f to regulate the
distance of a cloth raiser or creasing blade gå on the forward bent end of the bar
from the line of feed and gauge H³, according to the depth of the tuck required. This
creasing blade g³ is curved on its upper edge and arranged parallel with the feed,
the same projecting to any desired height above the cloth bed, and receiving the
cloth 13 over it.
The moveable portion of the tuck creaser is composed of a bent creasing arm or
lever L³ fast on a rock shaft M³ arranged at any desired height above the cloth bed
in transverse relation with the feed on the delivery side of the latter. The bent
creasing arm or lever L³ is formed with a V shaped grooved portion ³ at its lower
end which is arranged over the cloth 13 in line with the stationary creasing blade,
so that when the lever L³ is operated to bring the grooved creasing portion h³ down
on the cloth it receives within it the creasing blade g³, and creases the cloth for the
tuck as required. This creasing action is a quick, sharp, and positive one, yet
elastic, being effected by a spring intermittently or at intervals, that is, when the
feeding dog is making its back stroke or strokes, said spring acting alternately
with the cam E³ which liberates the creaser from the cloth by raising the grooved
creasing portion of the lever L³.
Furthermore, the creasing arm or lever L³, in being brought down upon the
cloth, has a drawing as well as a sharp yet elastic action thereon, thus much more
effectually and easily making the crease than when the creaser has a direct or dead
action on the cloth. This drawing action is due to the movement of the arm or
lever L³, as derived from the rock shaft M. N³ is the spring by which the creasing
arm or lever L³ is operated to crease the cloth on or over the stationary creasing
blade gs. This spring, which is here shewn as a spiral one, is arranged around and
made fast at its one end to the rock shaft M³, and bears at its other end against the
back of a bracket Os, in which the shaft M³ has its bearings is, i³, ³, said bracket
being fastened by a screw ³ or otherwise to the front leg of the goose neck D³ of
the machine. The rock shaft M³ is made capable of sliding longitudinally within
its bearings 3, 3, 3, to provide for adjusting the creasing arm or lever L³ further
in or out, according to the depth of tuck required, and so as to correspond with the
adjustment of the creasing blade g³. This longitudinal adjustment of the rock
shaft M³ is provided for by temporarily slackening a set screw m³, which latter
serves to lock or hold a lever P3 on the shaft M³ between the bearings is, i³, said
lever being the operating device by which the shaft M³ is moved by the cam E³ in

page_text: one direction to lift the grooved lever L³ from the cloth after the spring N³ has
performed its duty.
The cam E³ is suitably shaped to give a quick release of the lever P³ when the
spring N³ is required to act. To prevent injury or breakage consequent on a back
motion of the main shaft C3, the cam E³, instead of being made to act directly on
the lever P3, is arranged to do so indirectly through a toe S pivoted to the upper
end of the lever P³ and retained in position against displacement by a back spring
n³ when the shaft C³ is rotating in a forward direction. When, however, the the shaft
C3 is rotated in a back direction and the sharp shoulder of the cam abruptly strikes
the toe S, then the spring n³ yields and allows the toe to move out of the way.
When it is not required to use the tuck creaser the same may be readily detached,
or the lever L³ be held up free from contact with the cloth by any suitable means.
In further explanation of the action of the tuck creaser when constructed to
operate as described it should be observed that not only has the creasing arm or
lever L when thrown by the spring a sharp and quick or lively pressing action on
the cloth but that in or during such action it throws no strain whatever upon the
machine consequent on the resistance it meets with by contact with the fabric,, and
if the resistance be excessive simply yields without straining the machine or
endangering breakage. This independent and elastic creasing action of the
marking arm or lever also reduces labor in running the machine, which only
positively operates to lift the creaser after its work has been done. This lift too is
a gradual one, and the same means which operate to lift the creaser serve to
gradually give the requisite tension to the spring that throws the creaser when
liberated from its lift, thus storing up power in the creaser to perform its work free
from any resistance on the machine.
Referring to Figures 32, 33, and 34, of the Drawing in explanation of the
improved shuttle bobbin winder forming part of this Invention, A is the frame of
a sewing machine or rear base portion of the goose neck thereof and B* its cloth
table or bed; C' is the fly or it may be the driving wheel of the machine; D is
the arm or frame of the shuttle bobbin winder hung to rock on a pivot b* of a
bracket E which is secured to the rear base portion of the goose neck A*; this arm
or frame D is provided at its one end with a female bobbin centre G and with a
longitudinally sliding or adjustable winding and bobbin driving spindle H* at its
opposite end. I' is the wheel on the winding spindle H, by which winding motion
is communicated to the latter by friction through contact with the fly wheel C
when the winder is swiveled on its pivot 6 to the position shewn for it by full
lines in Fig. 32. The same view shews by dotted lines the position of the parts
when the winder is swivelled on its pivot b* to release its wheel Is from driving
contact with the wheel C. Said wheel I' is covered with a rubber band C, or
otherwise clothed or formed to establish the necessary driving friction when said
wheel is brought in contact with the fly wheel C. K is a bent sheet-metal spring
fastened at its rear end to the frame of the machine or bracket E' attached thereto,
and bearing at its outer and free end on a back centre e¹ of the winding spindle H¹
This spring serves several functions; thus it serves to give an elastic axial pressure
or hold of the shuttle bobbin LA, shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 34, between the
contre G4 and winding spindle H and an inward axial pressure on the centre e* of
said spindle, thus causing the bobbin and winding spindle to work between the
two centres. Said spring K also serves to hold the winder in position when it
is swung on its pivot b to bring the wheel I into working contact with the
wheel C, as shewn by full lines in Figures 32, 33, and 34; it also serves to provide
for the retention of the winder and for the ready insertion and removal of the
bobbin when the winder is swivelled on its pivot b', as shewn by dotted lines in
Figure 32, to put its wheel I out of contact with the operating wheel C* and the
centre e¹ of the longitudinally movable winding spindle is released from contact
with or brought under the spring K*.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of " Improvements in
Sewing Machines
as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and
"

page_text: explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood
that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim,-
First. The combination with the take-up of an intermittently and positively
operated clamp Tan intermittently and positively operated needle thread supplier U
and a tension device V, all arranged between the take-up and the needle thread
spool, the said clamp being arranged next the take-up, the said needle thread
supplier being arranged next the said spool and the tension device being arranged
between the said clamp and needle thread supplier, all as herein described.
Second. The combination with the shuttle driver B₁ and the connecting rod C
which operates it of the pin rigidly attached to the said rod and extending
through and turning in the shuttle driver, whereby it not only performs the two
functions of transmitting motion to the shuttle driver and serving as one of the
driving horns but by its turning motion aids to carry the needle thread over the
shuttle, substantially as herein described.
Third. The combination of the shuttle, the shuttle raceway W, the shuttle driver
raceway A, the communicating opening f¹ between said raceways, the shuttle
driver B and its horns, and the connection of the shuttle driver with the rod which
imparts motion to it, all being combined and arranged as specified, whereby the
said connection and the horns are all brought into the same vertical plane or there-
abouts with the longitudinal axis of the shuttle, as herein described.
Fourth. The shuttle E having interior plain ends for the bobbin contres, and
constructed with end recesses 1, 12, for the heads of the bobbin E, in combination
with the lever catch F¹ formed with a wing m¹ constituting one of the walls of the
recess and arranged to close down on one head of the bobbin, substantially as
specified.
Fifth. The combination of the slotted feed bar J', the rod H' having a crook c²
and working in the slot d² of the feed bar without any vertical lost motion, the
swivelling guide I' through which the said rod slides and with which it oscillates, and
the excentric on the shaft D for operating the said rod whereby a positive rising,
falling, and forward motion is imparted to the feed, as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
Sixth. The feed regulating bar L¹ of bowed or elliptical form, and constructed
with recesses m2, m², in its edges in combination with the guide M', through which
the bar moves when being adjusted, substantially as specified.
Seventh. The combination with the oscillating take-up N of the face plato J,
constructed with a cavity in its front face for containing the arm of said take-up
and the covering plate P, between which and the sides of the said cavity there is a
circular opening 2, all substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Eighth. The combination with the oscillating take-up N of the bar pin or
wire O, arranged at a distance from the centre of the take-up, substantially as
specified.
Ninth. The combination with the oscillating take-up N and its covering plate P
of the bar or wire O adjustably attached at one end to the said plate but free at
its opposite end, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
Tenth. The combination with the adjusted take-up N and the screw n by which
it is secured when adjusted of the covering plate P provided with a hole 8 arranged
in the same excentric relation as the screw m to the arbour o of the take-up,
essentially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Eleventh. The combination with the needle bar I of the fixed guide d, the
laterally adjustable guide bar c, and the rack K in adjustable connection with the
needle bar to compensate for lateral adjustment of the needle bar without inter-
fering with the uniform gear of the rack with the pinion L of the take-up,
essentially as described.
Twelfth. In a sewing machine in which the needle bar or carrier is actuated by
sun-and-planet gears, the arrangement of said gears between the actuating shaft
and the needle bar or carrier with said gears in rear of the said bar or carrier,
substantially as specified.

page_text: Thirteenth. In a sewing machine in which the needle bar or carrier is actuated
by sun-and-planet gears, the needle bar or carrier arranged in central relation with
the actuating shaft, essentially as described.
Fourteenth. In a sewing machine in which the needle bar or carrier is actuated
by sun-and-planet gears, the arrangement of the needle bar or carrier in front of
the actuating shaft, substantially as specified.
Fifteenth. In a sewing machine in which the needle bar or carrier is actuated
by sun-and-planet gears the arrangement of the connecting device between the
planet gear and said needle bar or carrier in front of the actuating shaft, essentially
as specified.
Sixteenth. In a sewing machine in which the needle bar or carrier is actuated by
sun-and-planet gears the arrangement of the planet gear and its shaft in a hub or
projection secured on the end of the actuating shaft, and constructed to receive
within it the sun gear and to form a bearing for both ends of the shaft of the planet
gear, substantially as described.
Seventeenth. The sun wheel provided with a tubular bearing arranged to extend
backwards through the head of the sewing machine arm, and so that its other end
extends into the hub or projection on the actuating shaft which carries the planet
gear to form a support and bearing for the actuating shaft inside of said hub or
projection, essentially as specified.
Eighteenth. In a sewing machine in which the needle bar or carrier is actuated
by sun-and-planet gears the enclosing of said gears by a case or box attached to
the stationary arm of the machine, substantially as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
Nineteenth. In a sewing machine in which the needle bar or carrier actuated by
sun-and-planet gears is arranged in front of the actuating shaft the combination
with such actuating shaft and a shuttle driver working parallel therewith of an
upright shaft geared at its upper end by bevil gears with the said actuating shaft,
and having at its lower end a crank connected with said shuttle driver.
Twentieth. The combination with the grooved creasing arm or lever L³ and the
stationary creasing blade g³ of a spring applied to give said creasing arm or lever its
downward creasing or marking stroke, and a rock shaft M³ actuated by the sewing
machine in a positive manner to lift the creasing arm or lever from the fabric and
to give the requisite force or tension to the spring for throw of said arm or lever
by the spring when liberated from positive lift by the machine, substantially as
specified.
Twenty-first. The longitudinally adjustable rock shaft M3 with its attached grooved
creasing arm or lever L in combination with the operating lover P³, the cam E³,
the spring N, and the adjustable bar K³, with its attached creasing blade g³,
essentially as described.
Twenty-second. The pivotted toe S8 in combination with the spring n³, the
lever P3, the cam E³ on the shaft C, and the rock shaft M³ with its attached
creasing arm or lever L', substantially as specified.
Twenty-third. The combination of the spring K* with the back centre e' of the
longitudinally free winding spindle H, the wheel I on said spindle, the rocking or
swinging bobbin winder frame D³, and the centre G*, essentially as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)