Improvements in Sprigging, Rivetting, and Nailing Machines, Parts of which are also applicable to Pegging Machines, principally used in the Manufacture of Boots or other Coverings for the Feet.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 25th July, 1892-Accepted, 10th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sprigging, Rivetting, and Nailing Machines, Parts
of which are also applicable to Pegging Machines, principally
used in the Manufacture of Boots or other Coverings for the
Feet.
I, THOMAS GARE, of the Gare Machine Co., Ltd., Carrs Ironworks, Stockport,
in the County of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in sprigging, rivetting and nailing
machines, parts of which are also applicable to pegging machines principally
used in the manufacture of boots or other coverings for the feet, and has for
its object, first, to provide means whereby the sprigging, i.e. the driving into the
sole or heel of pieces of wire of suitable section and length, for the purpose of pro-
viding a wearing surface and not a binding medium, is performed mechanically and
by previously forming a hole partly or wholly through the same in lieu of by hand
as heretofore; second, to provide means whereby the sole or heel can be sprigged
either attached or detached from the upper; third, to provide means whereby the
length and distance of the sprigs may be altered at will and the sprig driven in, to
form a level or a raised wearing surface, or so as to project from the inner side of
the sole when sprigging it detached from the upper; fourth, to provide means
whereby a head may be formed on the sprig or nail, or on a rivet for binding pur-
poses, between the cutting off and the insertion of the same into the sole or heel;
fifth, to provide means for facilitating the sprigging, nailing or rivetting of two
rows simultaneously; sixth, to provide means whereby the end of the peg is
prevented from bending on being cut off by the knife in the horn or support;
seventh, to provide the horn or support of pegging machines with an improved
automatic drop arrangement.
In accomplishing this I provide a suitable frame, in the head of which I mount a
driving shaft with a cam at its front end having a double or triple variable stroke,
as may be found necessary for the various purposes, adapted to move the head
portion carrying the awl slide, driver and throat, so as to impart an intermittent
lateral motion to the same, similar as described in a Patent granted to me No. 13751,
dated September 24th 1888.
The object under operation, which is supported by a horn such as hereinafter
more fully described, is fed by the awl, which partly or wholly enters the same and
by the intermittent movement of the head carrying it, as well as the throat and if
deemed necessary the driver also.
The wire to be formed into sprigs or nails, is drawn from a roll, by a suitable
device, and fed into a stationary guide piece fitted against the throat, which
guide piece and throat in conjunction with each other form shears. On the throat
having been brought into communication with the said guide piece, i.e. with the
passage therein and on the wire having been fed the required distance into the
same, the aforesaid cam moves the throat into its former position, which causes
the sprig or nail to be cut off and thereby carried over the hole previously pierced
into the object under operation, for the purpose of being afterwards forced in by
the driver when positioned opposite the throat.
The supporting end of the horn I form interchangeable so as to permit of driving
either sprigs, nails or rivets. For the insertion of sprigs, nails or rivets into the
sole when attached to the upper, the face of the horn or support is formed plain,
whilst for sprigging through soles, it is formed with a groove, which receives the

page_text: ·
ends of the sprigs and that of the awl, one end of the said groove being widened so
as to facilitate the sprigging round strong curves, such as the toe or heel.
For sprigging soles detached only, a grooved rotary wheel suitably mounted,
may be employed as a support for the sole, in conjunction with another wheel
arranged to ride on the sole. The said grooved rotary wheel is rendered verti-
cally adjustable, so as to permit of placing or removing the sole, whilst the other
wheel remains stationary in a vertical sense.
In order to permit of regulating the distance between one or more rows of sprigs
or nails, I form the foot and guide for the object under operation in two parts, one
thereof being rendered adjustable on the stationary portion of the head of the
machine and the other on the aforesaid guide or shear piece.
By varying the depth or length of the latter relative to that of the throat, the
sprigs can be made to project any suitable distance from the sole or heel, so as to
form a raised wearing surface.
To facilitate the sprigging, nailing or rivetting of two rows simultaneously I
employ two sets of feed rollers, two throats and two awls, one set of the feed rollers
and one of the awls being arranged to be rendered inoperative by suitable levers,
cams, springs or the like, so as to bring the same in and out of action, for the
purpose of leaving blank spaces between the inner row of sprigs or nails, as may be
desired.
The heading of the sprigs or nails between the cutting off and insertion of the
same, I effect by splitting in cutting the end thereof and afterwards bringing the
respective part, by means of the throat below the ordinary or a separate driver
actuated by a cam or blow from a spring as may be found most convenient.
Rivets may also be formed with a head between the cutting off and the insertion
of the same, by suitably countersinking the throat or driver or both. The driver
may be arranged to travel with the moving part of the head or remain laterally
stationary, taking the rivet on to be headed.
In order to permit the head of the sprig, nail or rivet thus formed, of passing
through the throat and be guided therein, 1 form the same binge like, so as to open
and close as may be required when driving the headed sprig, nail or rivet through
the throat. The opening of the latter I effect by bringing the same under the
influence of springs and the closing, by bringing it into contact with suitably
arranged cam projections or bowls.
For the purpose of preventing the ends of the pegs, after insertion, being bent
in cutting the same off, which in very hard wood may happen, I form in the free
end of the horn below the course of the movable knife and opposite thereto a
support for the peg to bear against.
In order to accommodate the drop of the horn or support for the various
thickness of the soles, I disconnect the horn lever from the rod operated by the
respective cam and provide the lower end of the said rod with a weight, adapted to
rest loosely on the respective end of the horn lever.
An alternative arrangement, for the same purpose, consists in furnishing the
driving shaft with a cam shaped friction surface adapted to engage at the desired
moment, a seginental friction wheel suitably mounted and connected to the upper
end of the said rod, the lower end of which in this case is fixed to the respective
end of the horn lever.
Dated this 24th day of September 1891.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sprigging, Rivetting, and Nailing Machines, Parts
of which are also applicable to Pegging Machines, principally
used in the Manufacture of Boots or other Coverings for the
Feet.
I, THOMAS GARE, of the Gare Machine Co. Ltd., of Carrs Ironworks, Stockport,
in the County of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in sprigging, rivetting, and nailing
machines, parts of which are also applicable to pegging machines principally used
in the manufacture of boots or other coverings for the feet, and has for its object,
first, to provide means whereby the sprigging, i.e. the driving into the sole or heel
of pieces of wire of suitable section and length, for the purpose of providing a
wearing surface and not a binding medium, is performed mechanically and by
previously forming a hole partly or wholly through the same, in lieu of by hand as
heretofore; second, to provide means whereby the sole or heel can be sprigged,
when either attached to or detached from the upper; third, to provide means
whereby the length and distance of the sprigs may be altered at will and the sprig
driven in to form a level or a raised wearing surface, or so as to project from the
inner side of the sole when sprigging it detached from the upper; fourth, to provide
means whereby a head may be formed on the sprig or nail, or on a rivet for binding
purposes, between the cutting off and the insertion of the same into the sole or hoel
fifth, to provide means for facilitating the sprigging, rivetting or nailing of two
rows simultaneously; sixth, to provide means whereby the end of the peg is pre-
vented from bending on being cut off by the knife in the horn or support.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto three sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Figs. 1 & 2, Sheet I, are front views, Fig. 3 a sectional plan through line A-B
of Fig. 1, of the head portion of a machine for sprigging, rivetting or nailing in
single rows constructed in accordance with my invention. Figs. 4 & 6 are respec-
tively, a vertical section and a side view of two different forms of horn or support
faces, and Figs. 5 & 7 respectively plans thereof, Fig. 8 is a front view and
Fig. 9 a side view of the head portion of a machine for sprigging, rivetting or
nailing two rows simultaneously, or alternately one row and two rows.
Fig. 10, Sheet II, is a back view, Figs. 11 & 12 side views of Figs. 1, 2 & 3,
Sheet I, Fig. 13 is a front view, Fig. 14 a side view of a modification of the
wire shear and Fig. 15 is an end view of a modification of the support of the
machine. Figs. 16 & 17 show respectively, in elevation and plan, a portion of work
with a raised sprig wearing surface.
Figs. 18, 20 & 22, Sheet III, are partly front views and partly sections,
Figs. 19, 21 & 23 plans of the shear and driver portion of the machine adapted to
form and drive headed nails or rivets, and Figs. 24 & 25 cross sections of the shear
thereof. Fig. 26 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 27 a plan of the upper portion
of my improved horn support for pegging machines.
In carrying out the various parts of my invention, in respect of sprigging,
rivetting and nailing machines, I have in each case a suitable frame a, see
Sheet I, in the head b of which I mount a driving shaft c with a cam d, d', at
its front end, see more particularly Fig. 3, having a double or triple variable
stroke, as may be found necessary for the various purposes, and adapted to move
the head portion carrying the awl slide e, driver fand throat so as to impart a
variable intermittent lateral motion to the same, similar as described in Specification
of Letters Patent No. 13751, dated September, 24th 1888, granted to me.

page_text: The object / under operation, which is supported by a horn or other suitable
support i, such as hereinafter more fully described, is fed by the awl e', through
the intermittent movement of the head portion 6', and may enter the object / partly
or wholly.
The sprig or nail material, in wire form, is drawn from a roll by a feeding
device, see Fig. 3, Sheet I, and Figs. 10, 11 & 12, Sheet II, consisting of a pair of
feed rollers 1, ', the roller being fixed on a shaft m mounted in the stationary
head portion 6 of the machine and at its back end furnished with a ratchet wheel m²,
see Figs. 10 & 12, operated by a pawl m² carried by a lever m³, adapted to oscillate
loosely on the end of the shaft m and acted upon by a cam finger m fixed on the
driving shaft c. The feed roller is carried by a stud ma mounted in the bearing mo
under the influence of a spring m', which feed roller by means of a lever nut m
may be withdrawn or permitted to exert a pressure against the wire k.
In order to alter the amount of feed of the wire k, i.e. the length of sprig, rivet
or nail to be cut, an adjustable contact stud m" is employed on the bearing c¹, by
means of which the return movement of the pawl lever m³ can be varied by bringing
the contact stud m³ either nearer to or further away from the centre of rotation
of the cam finger m*.
By means of the rollers 4, l', the wire k is fed into and through a passage n³ in a
stationary guide or shear piece n rendered interchangeable in the head portion b,
by means of screws n³, n³, see more particularly Fig. 1, Sheet I, and Fig. 10,
Sheet II, which piece n is fixed to the stationary head part baud fitted against a
throat piece and in conjunction with the passage gx of the latter forms a shear.
On the throat or shear piece 9 and its passage * having been brought into
communication with the passage n of the guide or shear piece n by the cam part d'
moving the head portion, see Figs. 2 & 3, and. on the wire & having been fed the
required distance into passage g*, the cam part d moves the throat piece g into its
former position, see Fig. 1, which operation cuts off a sprig, rivet or nail and brings
it over the hole previously pierced by the awl e' into the object h under operation,
for the purpose of being forced into the latter by the driver. The distance from
each other of the sprigs, rivets or nails, may be altered as required by means of the
contact pieces operated upon by the cam part d and rendered adjustable on the
head portion 61.
A modification of the shear arrangement described consists in rendering the guide
or shear piece n laterally movable or oscillating, see Figs. 13 & 14, in contact with
a stationary shear piece n* positioned between the guide piece n and a carrier gª
which latter moves crosswise, the action of which shear n, n* will be readily under-
stood from the drawings.
I may here remark that the use of shears enables me to cut not only larger and
harder sections of wire than can be done by the chisel like arrangement heretofore
in vogue, but also straighter, which is of great importance as it will produce a more
level and neater wearing surface whether level or raised.
The supporting end of the horn i, I form interchangeable either in its base or
bracket or by making the face thereof removable so as to permit of driving
either sprigs, rivets or nails. For the insertion of sprigs, rivets or nails into the
sole when attached to the upper, the face of the horn or support i 1 form plain,
as shown in Figs. 1 & 2, or it may be formed with an interchangeable leather
or elastic surface i', see Figs. 4 & 5, or it may be formed with a groove, see
Figs. 6 & 7, which receives the ends of the sprigs and that of the awl e¹, one end of
the groove being widened so as to facilitate the sprigging round sharp curves,
such as the toe or hecl. The support or horn may be shaped as shown in
Figs. 1 & 2, or it may be straight and central with the shaft that carries it, as
described in Specification of Letters Patent No. 13751, dated Sept. 24th 1888,
granted to me.
For sprigging heels detached I preferably use a central support with curved
face, similar as shown in Figs. 4 & 5. For sprigging soles detached only, see
Fig. 15, Sheet II, a grooved rotary wheel suitably mounted, may be employed as

page_text: a support for the sole, in conjunction with another wheel or wheels i arranged to
ride on the sole. By preference I mount the grooved rotary wheel on a spring
lever ® arranged to be depressed by a cam fixed on the driving shaft and thus
force the grooved rotary wheel it against the object under operation each time the
driving of the awl or sprig takes place. To the spring lever I connect a pull
rod whereby the grooved rotary wheel is rendered vertically adjustable, so as
to permit of placing or removing the sole, whilst the other wheels remain stationary
in a vertical sense.
In order to permit of regulating the distance between two or more rows of sprigs
or nails, I employ in the upper part of the frame a, a guide o, see Figs. 10, 11,
12 & 15, Sheet II, which is rendered adjustable towards the side of the object h
under operation by means of a cam o' fixed on a shaft o³ mounted in the frame a and
actuated by a handle o*.
The presser foot, of various shapes and suitably faced, I form in two parts p, p,
the part p being rendered adjustable on the guide o in the upper portion of the
frame a, by means of set screws p², and the part pl on the guide or shear piece n by
means of a set screw p³.
By varying or lengthening the depth of the presser foot p, p', relative to the
throat g, through exchanging the presser foot part 1 and altering the vertical
position of the presser foot part p by means of a taper slide p rendered laterally
adjustable between the foot part p and the head portion b, the sprigs may be driven
in so as to project any suitable distance from the sole or heel and form a raised
sprig wearing surface.
I may remark that heretofore raised sprig wearing surfaces have been produced
by hand only, whereas my invention provides means for producing raised sprig
wearing surfaces by machine, which is a distinct advantage and important feature
of my invention.
Referring to Sheet III, the heading of sprigs, rivets or nails between the cutting
off and insertion of the same, I effect by splitting in cutting the end thereof prefer-
ably in V fashion, as shown in Fig. 24, by the shear n, g, and afterwards bringing
the sprig, rivet or nail by means of the throat g below the ordinary driver f,
or a separate driver, actuated by a cam or blow from a spring (not shown) as may
be found most convenient, over the hole previously pierced by the awl e in the
material under operation, as will be well understood, the V or other shaped upper
portion of the cut sprig, rivet or nail being then bent over on the upper sides of the
passage g* of the throat g, by the driver and thus formed into a head k¹, see
Fig. 25. Or the heading may also be formed by suitably countersinking the
passage of the throat g or driver, or both. The driver may be arranged to
travel with the moving part of the head, as shown in Figs. 18-25, or remain later-
ally stationary the throat y being attached to the moving head part b¹ taking the
sprig, rivet or nail on to be headed.
In order to permit the wire k, from which the sprig, rivet or nail is cut and the
head thereof, passing through the passage y* of the throat g and being guided
therein, I form the same hinge like, see more particularly Figs. 19, 21 & 23. so as
to open when receiving the wire and driving the headed sprig, rivet or nail
through the passage gx of the throat g and close during the heading thereof. The
opening of the passage g* of the throat g I effect by bringing the same under the
influence of a spring 9 and the closing by forming its sides with cam faces g' and
bringing the same during the lateral movement of the head part 6', into contact
with suitable cam projections or anti-friction bowls 9 arranged stationary on the
head part 6 or shear or guide piece n.
Figs. 18 & 19 show the relative position of the shear part n &
after the headed
sprig or nail has been driven in, Figs. 20 & 21, after the wire k has been fed into
the shear part or passage 9* of the throat g and when ready for cutting, and
Figs. 22 & 23 after the sprig, rivet or nail has been cut and headed.
To facilitate the sprigging, rivetting or nailing of two rows simultaneously or
single and double rows alternately, see Figs. 8 & 9, Sheet I, I employ two sets of

page_text: feed rollers 1, P, P, P, two passages n² & n' in the stationary piece n, two
passages g*, gx, in the throat g, two awls el & ² and two drivers ff, the outer set
of feed rollers ', P, and the outer awl e being arranged to be rendered inoperative
so as to bring the same in and out of action and thus leave blank spaces between
the inner row of sprigs, rivets or nails, as may be desired or forming one row only.
For this purpose I fit into the awl slide e, a block e carrying the awl e², a spring e
being placed between the block and the awl slide e, which spring e raises the
awl out of use whilst the latter can be lowered and retained in working position
by means of a lever e hinged to the awl slide e and brought from the position
shown in dotted lines, to bear against the block e thus rendering it rigid with the
awl slide e.
For the purpose of preventing the ends of the pegs, in pegging machines, after
insertion, bending in cutting the same off, which in very hard wood may happen, I
form in the free end of the horn i, see Figs. 26 & 27, below the course of the
movable knife and opposite thereto, a support by extending the awl hole
through the end of the horn, for the peg to bear against, the knife /', itself
being guided in a groove h³ formed in the back of the horn i and by a plate h*
and straps *.
In my
Provisional Specification reference is made to means for forming the horn
or support of pegging machines with an improved automatic drop arrangement, to
which I do not wish to attach any further claim, as in practice I have found that
the same ends may be attained in a more simple and effective way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is-
1st. In sprigging, rivetting, or nailing machines, feeding the object h under
operation by means of an awl e' carried by a slide e which is rendered laterally
intermittently movable, substantially as set forth and with reference to the figures
generally.
2nd. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, the use of a shear in lieu
of chisel shaped cutters, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3rd. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, the combination of an adjust-
able stationary guide piece n having a vertical passage n³ with a laterally movable
throat piece 9 having a passage g* operating against the former in such a manner
that the two parts n & g together form a shear, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and with reference to Figs. 1 & 2.
4th. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, forming the supporting end
of the horn or support i interchangeable, substantially as set forth.
5th. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, forming the face of the horn
or support with a groove or equivalent surface, substantially as and for the pur-
pose specified.
6th. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, a grooved rotary wheel **,
vertically adjustably mounted and serving as a support for the material under
operation in combination with a vertically stationary wheel or wheels riding
on the top of the said material, substantially as set forth and with reference to
Fig. 15.
7th. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, the use of a guide o rendered
adjustable towards the side of the object / under operation, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth and with reference to Figs. 10, 11, 12 & 15.
8th. In sprigging or nailing machines, the use of a presser foot the depth or
height or shape of which relative to the throat may be altered so as to permit of
forming a raised sprig wearing surface, substantially as set forth.
9th. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, the use of a shearn & g
with V or other shaped or plain cutting surface, the passage g* of the shear or
throat piece being formed in two parts and adapted to open when receiving
the wire and driving the sprig, rivet or nail, and to close when heading the

page_text: same, substantially as and for the purpose specified and with reference to
Figs. 18-25.
10th. In sprigging, rivetting and nailing machines, the combination of a double
set of feed rollers 1, 1, 1, 1, a guide or shear piece n having two passages n², n²,
two passages *, gx in the throat g, two awls e¹ & e and two drivers f, f' the
outer set of feed rollers 1, 1, and outer awl es being adapted to be rendered
inoperative, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and with reference to
Figs. 8 & 9.
11th. In pegging machines, the horn i formed with a support against which
the end of the peg on being cut abuts, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.