Improvements in Pencil Sharpeners.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 22nd Sept., 1894,
Improvements in Pencil Sharpeners.
I, PATRICK MARTIN GALLAGHER Bridge Street Donegal in the County of
Donegal Ireland Solicitor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
My invention relates to improvements in pencil sharpeners and aims to provide a
means whereby not only is the wood of the pencil shaved off but at the same time
& by that same operation the lead of the pencil is brought to any specially graduated
point without risk of breaking it the result being different from that produced by
the sharpeners now in use which cut the wood & lead by one and the same blade or
knife edge leaving the lead points short or breaking it off. To carry out my inven-
tion I find it convenient to construct the invention in various ways by all of which
the wood is cut by one blade or knife edge at a suitable inclination while another
blade or knife edge or another knife edged part of the same blade or knife or a
serrated surface all being arranged at a different inclination from that of the wood
cutter to catch the required angle of the lead and bring the lead to a point graduated
to any practicable length and sharpness and I will now describe such arrangement
and construction.
In addition to a hollow cone of diameter and size suitable and with slot and
knife, knife edge or other facility to shave off only the wood of the pencil at the
desired inclination I provide another hollow cone of smaller but suitable size aud
diameter and of inclination specially graduated according to the graduation of the
lead point required the said inclination being larger than that of the wood cutting
cone. This smaller cone may be slotted throughout or partly throughout its length,
and have a knife or knife edge on the proper side of the slot or it may not be
slotted but have a roughened or serrated surface on the inside or the most suitable
part thereof or it may have slot and knife, or knife edge and serrated or roughened
surface or any two of them combined when practicable. This smaller cone is in
any convenient manner connected to the narrow end of the larger cone. By slightly
pressing and turning end of the pencil inserted in these two cones when so joined
together the wood only is shaved off in the larger cone and the lead which protrudes
from it partically untouched into the smaller cone by the same pressure and turning
and at the same time cut shaved & ground or either cut shaved or ground into a
point graduated according to the inclination at which the smaller cone is constructed.
I also attain the same end, viz. shaving away the wood and cutting or grinding off
the superfluous lead at one operation by providing a piece of metal which may
be in two parts with separate and distinct conical holes of suitable dimensions
or in one part with two distinctly different conical holes of such dimensions &
joined in line one, close & after the other. The two holes so connected com-
municate with a longitudinal slot or slots the edge or edges of which may be
brought to a knife edge. If not brought to knife edge or if the cone or cones
be made in soft metal or wood a knife or knife edges are provided at the mouth
of the slot or slots. The said conical holes & and respective knife edges are
set at different & suitable inclinations according to the shape or form of lead
pencil points required so that when the end of the pencil is slightly pressed &
turned in the holes so joined the one operation serves to shave off the wood of
the pencil in the larger hole and the lead in the smaller hole. Instead of the
smaller cone or conical hole for operating on the lead as above mentioned I
sometimes find it convenient to form the end which is to act on the lead in the
manner of a file instead of a knife edge in which case I provide one or more

page_text: pieces of metal flat or grooved but serrated or roughened and so fixed as to
form the end of the sharpener in contact with which the lead comes & is ground
to a fine point while the end of the pencil is being turned in the wood cutting
coue & whilst the wood is being shaved off.
REAL
B Lan 1901
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in Pencil Sharpeners.
1, PATRICK MARTIN GALLAGHER Bridge Street Donegal Donegal Ireland
Solicitor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in pencil sharpeners and aims to provide
a means whereby not only is the wood of the pencil shaved off but at the same
time and by that same operation the lead of the pencil brought to any specially
graduated point without risk of breaking it the result being different from that
produced by the sharpeners now in use which cut the wood and lead by one and
the same blade or knife edge leaving the lead points short or breaking it off. To
carry out my invention 1 find it convenient to construct the invention in various
ways by all of which the wood is cut by one blade or knife edge at a suitable
inclination. while another blade or knife edge or another knife edged part of the
same blade or knife or a serrated surface all being arranged at a different inclination
from that of the wood cutter to catch the required angle of the lead and bring the
lead to a point graduated to any suitable length and sharpness and I will now
describe such arrangement and construction. In addition to a hollow cone of
diameter and size suitable and with slot and knife, knife edge or other facility
to shave off only the wood of the pencil at the desired inclination I provide another
hollow cone of smaller but suitable size and diameter and of inclination specially
graduated according to the graduation of the points required the said inclination
being larger than that of the wood cutting cone. This smaller cone may be slotted
throughout or partly throughout its length, and have a knife or knife edge on the
proper side of the slot or it may not be slotted but have a roughened or serrated
surface on the inside or the most suitable part thereof or it may have slot and
knife, or knife edge and serrated or roughened surface or any two of them combined
when practicable. This smaller cone is in any convenient manner connected to
the narrow end of the larger cone. By slightly pressing and turning end of the
pencil inserted in the two cones when so joined together, the wood only is shaved
off in the larger cone and the lead which protrudes from it practically untouched
into the smaller cone by the same pressure and turning and at the same time, cut
shaved & ground or either cut shaved or ground into a point graduated according
to the inclination at which the smaller cone is constructed. I also attain the same
end viz.-shaving away the wood and cutting or grinding of the superfluous lead
at one operation by providing a piece of metal which may be in two parts with
separate and distinct conical holes of suitable dimensions or in one part with two
distinctly different conical holes of such dimensions and joined in line one close and
after the other. The two holes so connected communicate with a longitudinal slot
or slots the edge or edges of which may be brought to a knife edge. If not
brought to knife edge or if the cone or cones be made in soft metal or wood a
knife edge or knife edges are provided at the mouth of the slot or slots. The said
conical holes and respective knife edges are set at different and suitable inclinations
according to the shape or form of lead pencil points required so that when the
end of the pencil slightly pressed and turned if the holes so joined the one

page_text: operation serves to shave off the wood of the pencil in the larger hole and the lead
in the smaller hole. Instead of the smaller cone or conical hole for operating on
the lead as above mentioned, I sometimes find it convenient to form the end which is
to act on the lead in the manner of a file instead of a knife edge in which case I
provide one or more pieces of metal flat or grooved but serrated or roughened and
so fixed as to form the end of the sharpener in contact with which the lead comes
and is ground to a fine point while the end of the pencil is being turned in the wood
cutting cone and whilst the wood is being shaved off.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I now refer to the annexed
drawings in which :-
Figure 1, is a sectional view of a sharpener according to my invention,
Figure 2. sectional view of a modified form of sharpener.
Figure 3. sectional view of a further modified form of sharpener.
Figure 4. section through line x-y Figure 3.
In Figure 1a is the pencil, the wood of which is shaved by the knife c fixed at
the angle shown. d is a smaller cone of a different angle to that of the cone e, to
which it is attached, the inside of this cone d being roughened so that the lead fis
brought to a point thereby. In Figure 2 instead of the roughened cone d at the.
end of cutter, a cone having a knife edge g is employed. These cones e and d may
be formed in one piece.or separate and likewise the knife or roughened edge for
sharpening the lead only may be separately formed from the cone which shaves th:
wood of the pencil. In Figures 3 & 4, in place of the smaller cones employed in
Figures 1 & 2, I employ a flat plate or file h which is fixed as shown at a suitable
angle at the end of the cone e so as to act upon the lead and bring it to a point.
The cone e or wood shaver is carried by the part and also the smaller cones d &
plate or file . It will be seen that the great feature of this invention consists in
the construction and arrangement of the two parts so that the wood and the lead
of the pencil are shaved or cut at the same time at different desired angles thus
ensuring the lead points being of a sufficient length and nicely pointed; as in
ordinary sharpeners the lead point is either a very short one or else is broken off
during the sharpening.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) The combination and arrangement of the various parts substantially as
described and illustrated herein.
(2.) In pencil sharpeners, in combination, a cone e supported upon plate i and
having a knife edge c, a prolongation or smaller cone d, having a serrated or
roughened interior, substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 1.
(3.) In pencil sharpeners in combination a cone e having a knife edge c supported
upon a plate i carrying a plate or file h, at the top of the cone e so that the lead
protruding through the cone bears upon & is sharpened by said plate, substantially
as described and illustrated in Figures 3 & 4.
Dated this 18th day of & uanst 1804
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.