IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE, of The Office for Patents, 6, Breams
Buildings, Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS," to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the Roller Mill for which
Letters Patent in Great Britain were granted to the present Applicant bearing
date 28 July 1882, No. 3590.
One great drawback to the reduction of wheat to flour by means of rolls
arranged according to what is known as the "Hungarian" system, is due to the
beating of the working surfaces. Attempts have been made to obviate this incon-
venience by means of currents of air, but the temperature of the surrounding air
being variable, no regularity was possible under this system.
It is the object of the present invention to remedy this defect and to prevent the
development of surface heating and the consequent deterioration of the grain by
the volatilisation of the essential principles of the wheat, and to this end the
invention consists in the circulation of a cooling medium such as water within the
rolls themselves.
The cooling medium is conveniently admitted to and discharged from the interior
of each cylinder or roll by means of hollow stud axles in which are inserted tubes
working through stuffing boxes supported by suitable bracket bearings or supports
on the frame of the machine in connection with water supply and discharge pipes.
These ingress and egress pipes are screwed into the hollow stud axles in such a way
that the rotation of the rolls serves to keep the connection tight, while their
disconnection when the mill is at rest is very simple.
The water or other cooling medium is supplied under some pressure and for this
purpose it may descend from a cistern in the top of the mill, taps suitably arranged

page_text: serving to regulate the rate of flow of the cooling medium through the rolls, and
consequently the surface temperature at which the crushing of the grain takes
place.
By the arrangement of stuffing boxes and tubes working therein as above
described no leakage can take place, while perfect freedom of rotation is permitted
for the rolls, and easy access to the parts ensured.
The interior of the rolls being hollow and of much larger cross section than the
inlet and outlet tubes, ensures the presence of a large body of cooling medium which
is undergoing constant renewal within the rolls.

page_text: I ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's
Buildings, Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS," and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the Roller Mill for which
Letters Patent in Great Britain were granted to the present applicant bearing date
28th July 1882, Nº 3590.
One great drawback to the reduction of wheat to flour by means of rolls
arranged according to what is known as the "Hungarian" system, is due to the
heating of the working surfaces. Attempts have been made to obviate this incon-
venience by means of currents of air, but the temperature of the surrounding air
being variable, no regularity was possible under this system.
It is the object of the present invention to remedy this defect and to prevent the
development of surface heating and the consequent deterioration of the grain by
the volatilisation of the essential principles of the wheat, and to this end the
invention consists in the circulation of a cooling medium such as water within the
rolls themselves.
The cooling medium is conveniently admitted to and discharged from the interior
of each cylinder or roll by means of hollow stud axles in which are inserted tubes
working through stuffing boxes supported by suitable bracket bearings or supports
on the frame of the machine, in connection with water supply and discharge pipes.
These ingress and egress pipes are screwed into the hollow stud axles in such a way
that the rotation of the rolls serves to keep the connection tight, while their
disconnection when the mill is at rest is very simple.
The water or other cooling medium is supplied under some pressure and for this
purpose it may descend from a cistern in the top of the mill, taps suitably arranged
serving to regulate the rate of flow of the cooling medium through the rolls, and
consequently the surface temperature at which the crushing of the grain takes
place.
By the arrangement of stuffing boxes and tubes working therein as above
described no leakage can take place, while perfect freedom of rotation is permitted
for the rolls, and easy access to the parts ensured.
The interior of the rolls being hollow and of much larger cross section than the
inlet and outlet tubes, ensures the presence of a large body of the cooling fluid or
medium which is undergoing constant renewal within the rolls.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig: 1 is a side elevation partly in section, of a roller mill similar to that
described in the Specification of Letters Patent of the 28th July 1882 hereinabove
referred to, which is the form of mill to which the present improvements have
been applied, and
Fig: 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the more important feature of the present
improvements.
In Fig: 2 a is the inlet orifice for the cooling medium bored or formed longi-
tudinally of and through the spindle or stud axle as far as its point of entrance
into the cylinder, at which point this inlet terminates, and merges transversely
into, or unites with, the hollow part of the cylinder; called the "chamber" of the
cylinder.
b is the tube screwed into the end of the spindle.

page_text: The screw threads in the said ends are cut in such direction that the rotation of
the cylinder serves to tighten up the connection. It is consequently from left to
right at one end of the spindle, and from right to left at the other end thereof.
c is a hollow casting serving to put into communication, through the conduit or
channel e, the water reservoir, the tube b and the inlet orifice or perforation a.
This casting takes the form of a bracket g at its upper part, which serves to fix it
to the frame of the mill.
d is the stuffing box forming a perfectly watertight joint while permitting the
tube b to turn freely within the casting c; so that not a drop of water can escape.
The arrangement of the tube of the casting c and of the stuffing box d is the
same on each side of the spindle of the cylinder, only at one of the extremities it
serves to introduce the water and to regulate its flow, while at the other it permits
of the egress of the water, or cooling fluid.
The water reservoir is situate in the upper floors in order to give the water a
certain head.
A cock near the inlet side of the cylinder regulates the amount of water necessary
to be used to establish the thermic equilibrium between the working surface or
body, and the substance operated on.
By the use of this process the constituent elements of the wheat undergo no
change.
It will be understood that a volume of water sufficient to reduce the heat
developed by the crushing rolls to the normal point, should be allowed to flow
through the said rolls, and this flow may easily be regulated by the cock above
referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a roller mill for the reduction of grain, the introduction and circulation
within and through the crushing rolls, of a cooling medium such as water for the
purpose of regulating the temperature of the said rolls and preventing the volatili-
sation of the essential principles of the wheat, substantially as described with
reference to the Drawing.
2. In a roller mill for the reduction of grain, the combination with a hollow
cylinder or roll having perforated stud axles such as f, of inlet and outlet tubes b
hollow bracket castings c and stuffing boxes d, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
1
D
1001