matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF COMBINING CABINETS OR OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE WITH MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS."
Year: 1880

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Amos King at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1880.
AMOS KING, of 40, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF COMBINING CABINETS OR OTHER ARTICLES
OF FURNITURE WITH MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS."
This Invention has for its object a novel method of constructing cabinets or
other articles of furniture in such a manner that musical boxes or other auto-
matically playing musical instruments form part of and are contained in them, and
can be set in operation or their action stopped or varied as and when desired.
Supposing that my Invention is to be applied to an ornamental cabinet used for
containing books, china, or other articles, and having two or more tiers of shelves
upon which such articles are displayed, I form a part of the space between two of
such shelves into a recess or cavity of such form and size that it can contain
mechanism of the kind by which musical boxes are ordinarily actuated, consisting
of a cylinder or barrel actuated by a spring, and by its revolution causing to
vibrate properly arranged metallic tongues. I make the parts of the material of
which the cabinet is made themselves form the frame or sides of the musical
instrument, or the latter may be contained in a separate framework inserted and
fixed into the recess formed in the cabinet in such way that the surrounding parts
of the cabinet are themselves set in musical vibration. In a separate part of the
cabinet, preferably concealed from view, I arrange one or more moveable stops or
projections which are connected by levers or sliding pieces to the actuating
mechanism of the musical instrument, so that the latter may be set in motion or
stopped, or the tune may be changed as desired.
Instead of a musical box, as described, an organ or other musical instrument
actuated by mechanism of a similar kind may be contained in and form part of the
cabinet, the parts of the material of which the latter is composed which surround
and form the case of the musical instrument being modified in their form and
dimensions accordingly.
I prefer that the recess in the cabinet or other article of furniture which forms
the case of the musical box or other instrument should have perforations, by which
the sound is more readily heard.
OF FASTENING SHUTTLE TIPS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Snow at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th March 1880.
GEORGE SNOW, of Elyde, in the County of Chester.
OF FASTENING SHUTTLE TIPS."
(f
"AN IMPROVED METHOD
My Invention relates to an improved method of fastening the pointed metal
tips" onto the ends of shuttles used in looms for weaving.
Hitherto these "tips" have only been fastened on by driving the metal shank
of the "tip" into a hole bored in the end of the wooden shuttle, and the conse-
quence has been that these tips have been liable to become loose, which renders the
shuttle useless, and the only method of fastening them when they have onco
become loose has been to lap the shank with thread and then drive it in again,
which is very liable to split the wood of the shuttle.
In order to obviate these defects I drill a hole transversely through the metal
shank of the tip, and I drill a corresponding hole through the wooden nose of the
shuttle, and when the tip has been fitted in its place I drive in a wooden peg or
pin through both shuttle and shank, which effectually holds the shuttle tip in its
place. In order to force the "tip" up as close as possible against tho shoulder of
the shuttle I drill these holes separately, drilling the one through the shank rather
further from the shoulder than the one through the shuttle, so that on driving in
the wooden peg or pin it shall have the effect of drawing the shank further into
the hole, and thus bringing the tip tight against the end of the shuttle so as to
make a perfectly close joint.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE FIRE OF TROOPS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aubrey Maurice Maude at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1880.
AUBREY MAURICE MAUDE, Captain and Aide de Camp, 90th Light Infantry, of
Royal Mews, Buckingham Palace. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO INCREASE
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE FIRE OF TROOPS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus to increase the
efficiency of the fire of troops.
For this purpose I construct a rest or support in which the rifles or fire arms are
to be laid when firing. The rest is of a size to receive many pieces at a time, and it
serves to control the elevation and direction of the fire.
The apparatus may consist of two parallel bars, a front and a back bar connected
together by links similar to the parts of a parallel ruler. One of these bars is fixed
and the other is moveable by means of screws or like mechanism to give the
required elevation to the rifles or fire arms laid upon the rest according to the
distance of the object from the firing point. The same bar also can be moved
laterally in order to control the direction of the fire. Or one of the bars may be
moveable to give the elevation and the other to control the direction.
By means of the mechanism the bars may be set by the officer, who is thus able
to direct the whole of the fire with accuracy upon any spot on which it may be
desirable to concentrate it. All that will be required of the men is to lay their
arms in the guide grooves and load and fire when ordered to do so as rapidly as
possible; each man after firing immediately reloading, or else removing his piece
and making way for a man whose piece is already loaded.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMWAYS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Leathwood at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1880.
JAMES LEATHWOOD, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Pavior.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMWAYS."
The said Invention relates to the permanent way of tramways where longi-
tudinal sleepers of wood, iron, or other suitable material are employed, and the
object is to so secure the rails in position on the said sleepers that the said rails
shall be easily placed and attached, and shall not be loosened by the passage of
rolling stock and vehicles on or over the said permanent way.
In carrying my Invention into practice under the first part I fit the longitudinal
sleepers at distances of about six feet apart with holding or gripping boxes con-
structed substantially as hereinafter set forth. The said holding or gripping boxes
are placed in recesses or openings cut, formed, or made in the longitudinal sleepers,
or the said sleepers are in suitable lengths and the boxes are fitted between the
ends thereof. The ends of the sleepers project over or into lugs or recesses on or
in the said boxes so as to prevent them from rising independent of the sleepers,
or the openings in the sleepers into which the said boxes. fit and the boxes
themselves are so shaped as to effect the same purpose.
Under the second part a holding or gripping box, for use substantially as above
set forth, is preferably made of cast iron, and has a well or passage therein formed
or fitted with projecting or ratchet teeth. A sliding piece having spring clips is
provided with a stein or bolt which is screwed to the rail through a threaded hole
therein, or is attached thereto in any desired manner. In securing the rail in
position the clips are caused to enter the well or way in the box and are held by
the projecting or ratchet teeth.
Under the third part of my Invention the said box is provided with a
chamber or recess, and the clips are made adjustable by means of a set screw or
bolt, the head of which enters the said chamber or recess. A lid or cover is
provided for the said chamber or recess, and when it is desired to remove the
rails the said lid or cover is raised, the set screw or bolt is turned, and the clips
freed so that the rail can be removed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BUTTONS AND SIMILAR FASTENINGS, AND IN THE MODE OF ATTACHING OR SECURING THE SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Waldeck at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1880.
FRIEDRICH WALDECK, of Muswell Hill, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BUTTONS AND SIMILAR FASTENINGS, AND IN THE MODE OF ATTACHING
OR SECURING THE SAME."
This Invention has for its object improvements in buttons and similar fastenings,
and in the mode of attaching or securing the same.
For these purposes I form the head of a button with a shank projecting from it
at the back. The shank near its end has a groove formed around it. The other
portion of the button which is to be secured to the end of the shank, and which I
call the fastener, is formed of a hollow disc composed of two dished plates connected
at their edges. In the upper disc a radial slot is formed from the centre to its
circumference, and at the circumference the slot is enlarged to permit the end of
the shank of the button to be inserted into it. In the interior of the fastener is a
metallic spring fixed to the fastener at one end, whilst its other end, which is free,
comes below the enlarged end of the slot in the fastener. When the shank of the
button head has been passed through a hole formed in a garment or fabric, the end
of the shank is pressed into the enlarged end of the slot in the fastener and presses
down the spring. The fastener is then moved so as to bring it central with the
shank, the slot at the centre being of a width to allow the shank where the groove
before mentioned has been forined around it to pass freely. When the shank is
central with the fastener its end comes opposite a hole in the spring, and no longer
holds the spring down, the spring therefore rises and closes the entrance into the
enlarged end of the slot, and the fastener is thereby securely locked to the end of
the shank. In order to permit of the shank of the button being readily passed
through the fabric to which the button is to be secured, I employ a needle or coned
point at the base of which is a recess large enough for the shank of the button to
enter. When the needle has been placed on to the shank of a button, the point of
the needle is inserted into the fabric where the button is to be secured to it, and
by applying pressure to the head of the button the needle is forced through the
fabric and the shank of the button passes through with it; the needle is then
withdrawn from off the shank, and the fastener is locked to the end of the shank
as above described.
In place of the above arrangement, the shank might be on the fastener and the
spring on the button.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Makinson Heatley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1880.
EDWARD MAKINSON HEATLEY, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Over-
looker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to improved apparatus or means for operating the picker
and shuttle, and to improvements in temples.
In picking apparatus according to this my Invention I dispense with all straps,
the picker being actuated by the picking stick or an arm connected therewith,
there being provision for the requisite lateral or radial "play;" there is also a
sliding bolt or lever and spring, the said bolt or lever being acted upon by the
picking arm and by the prevention of the picker so as to utilize the spring for
easing the shuttle on entry to the shuttle box, whereby the check straps are
dispensed with.
The temple rollers are constructed of two or more comb or roughed surfaces
having recessed spaces, and are carried by supports, the outer ends having screw
adjustment, whereby the grip of the said rollers may be regulated, so securing the
even stretching and winding the cloth upon the cloth beam as woven.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING USEFUL MATTERS FROM DISCARDED HEALDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Booth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1880.
HENRY BOOTH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING USEFUL
MATTERS FROM DISCARDED HEALDS."
My Invention relates to the treatment of worn out, damaged, or discarded healds
or weavers' harness, in order to recover portions of the yarn and cord which has
been used in their formation. Two yarns are used in the formation of a heald, one
yarn being knotted, the other yarn being simply looped. This knotted portion
I cut away or remove; the other portion I subject to the action of an apparatus
which unwinds the binding yard or cord, and so releases the heald yarn which is
wound upon a reel. The binding yarn is at the same time wound upon a swift.
I thus obtain the heald yarn, the binding yarn, and the foundation cord. In the
apparatus which I employ an arm is mounted upon a hollow shaft which is fitted
to revolve in bearings. The said arm is made tubular or is provided with yarn
guides. The binding yarn is led from the heald through the said arm or guides,
and through the hollow shaft to the said swift. The foundation cord is tightly
stretched during the operation, and is hooked or connected by one end to a swivel
which is mounted on the inner end of the hollow shaft and is provided with a
weight to keep it from revolving. As the hollow shaft revolves the said arm
unwinds the binding yarn, which passes through the said shaft and is taken up by
the aforesaid swift. The heald yarn is led to the reel, which is caused to revolve
so as to take up the yarn in proportion as it is liberated by the unwinding of the
binding yarn. The heald yarn when removed from the said reel may be again
used in the manufacture of healds, or be used in the making of banding cord or be
otherwise utilized. The sbafts carrying the said arm, reel, and swift are caused to
revolve at suitably proportioned speeds by any suitable means, as, for example, the
reel shaft may be driven by any suitable means, and may impart motion by means
of pullies and bands to the other shafts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES FOR POWDERS, MATCHES, NEEDLES, AND PINS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rowland Bourne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th June 1880.
ROWLAND BOURNE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES FOR POWDERS, MATCHES, NEEDLES, AND PINS.”
The object of this Invention is to obtain only a small supply of powder, matches,
needles, or pins at one time, and at the same time to close the remainder that is
within the box from use or exposure; and consists in forming a box or case, made
of metal, wood, paper, or other suitable material, in which is placed a false bottom
inclining upwards towards one end or side of the box, thus forming the box at that
end or side shallower than elsewhere, so that the contents can move up into
position under the slido.
Above this shallower end is formed an opening, allowing of the exit of a portion
of the powder or a few matches, needles, or pins, as the caso may be.
This opening is kept closed by a sliding lid, carrying upon it a small flange, to
draw the powder or other matter contained in the box up to the opening.
The box when in use being slightly tilted towards its shallower end, and the
sliding lid drawn forward, a small portion of the powder, or a few matches, needles,
or pins, as the case may be, will be drawn up into a receptacle upon the outside of
the box; and by sliding back the lid the box will be closed, leaving the small
portion of powder or few matches, needles, or pins exposed upon the outside. By
this arrangement just sufficient for immediato use is exposed, and that remaining
in the box is cut off, and thus in the caso of tooth powder not liable to be injured
by moisture from the tooth brush.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM AND ASSISTING THE GENERATION OF STEAM IN BOILERS OR OTHER VESSELS WHERE THE STEAM IS USED AS A MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Stevenson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on tho 7th July 1880.
ROBERT STEVENSON, of Dashwood House, New Broad Street, City of London,
Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR
GENERATING STEAM AND ASSISTING THE GENERATION OF STEAM IN BOILERS OR
OTHER VESSELS WHERE THE STEAM IS USED AS A MOTIVE POWER."
Air or gas is compressed by means of an engine or other machine and forced into
a boiler containing water or any watery fluid, so that the whole of the air or gas is
made to come into direct contact with the water in the boiler, and in its passago
upwards through the water greatly assist the ebullition and the generation of the
steam. The compressed air or gas may be heated in its passage from the compressor
to the boiler or vessel containing the water, when being forced into and distributed
through the water it will not only assist in generating the steam, but by
communicating a portion of its own heat to the water will cause steain to bo
generated without requiring the plates of the boiler to be subjected to any exterior
heat whatever. In the application of the above Invention to existing boilers of
any kind I would place perforated pipes or tubes inside the boiler and amongst
the water, to conduct and distribute the air or gas uniformly throughout the water,
and would conduct these pipes with the pipes used to convey the air or gas from
the compressor and heater. And in all cylindrical boilers I would prefer to use
perforated pipes or tubes; but in pearshaped vessels or generators, where the
narrow end is fixed downwards, I would prefer a small pear shaped chamber with
perforations to allow the air or gas to make its passage as nearly uniform ns
possible through the water inside the larger vessel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BUCKET' LAMPS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Thomas Brock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1880.
CHARLES THOMAS BROCK, of South Norwood, in the County of Surrey, Pyro-
technist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BUCKET' LAMPS."
This Invention relates to improvements in or applicable to what are known as
Vauxhall or 'bucket' lamps, used for ornamental illuminating purposes.
Hitherto such lamps have been constructed of a simple glass vessel of a bucket
shape, and to fix or suspend such lamps they have been provided with a cross
wire, which to enable such lamps to be suspended necessitates the use of standards
and nails, involving much labour and expense; and further, as such lamps are
generally placed in the open air they are liable to be extinguished from the effect
of the wind, and are almost useless in wet weather.
Now by my improvements these defects are obviated.
In carrying out my Invention I provide a lamp holder constructed of an upright
of suitable material, and carrying a spring clasp for holding the lamp properly, so
called, which is of the ordinary construction.
Tho said upright is also provided at its upper end with a hook or loop to allow
of it being suspended from any suitablo support, such as the branch of a tree or
otherwise; or where the lamps are intended to be placed on or near the ground
the said upright is made longer so as to allow of its being inserted in the ground.
1 also provide a guard or protector for the lamp, consisting of a glass or other dome,
which is placed on a carrier connected to the hereinbefore described upright, and
placed at a suitable distance above the top of the lamp.
By this arrangement it will be understood that the lamps may be hung or
suspended by incans of the herein before described loops or hooks in any desired
position on the branches of a tree or otherwise, without necessitating the usual
standards or nails; or if near the ground the herein before described upright is
merely inserted in the ground, and the herein before described guard or protector
being placed over the lamp will serve to prevent it being extinguished either from
the effect of wind or rain.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OR PREPARATION OF PACKING AND CEMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd August 1880. A communication
from abroad by Louis Charles Levoir, of Delft, in the Kingdom of Holland.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. *IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OR PREPARATION OF PACKING
AND CEMENTS." A communication from abroad by Louis Charles Levoir, of Delft,
in the Kingdom of Holland.
This Invention relates to the production or preparation of packing, such as I
have called double or self closing packing, and consists in effecting the impregnation
of suitable porous or woven material or materials with such solutions or substances
as that when two or more of the same are brought into contact chemical
decomposition shall be effected and a precipitate be formed in and upon the porous
or woven materials operated upon. As examples of the types of the chemical
and other compounds which I employ, I may mention,―
1st. The employment of silicate of soda in conjunction with a solution of glue,
which by the aid of steam or water, or of both, solidify.
2nd. The employment of oleic acid, or of substances containing oleic acid, in
conjunction with oxide of lead.
3rd. The employment of solutions of soap or resin in alcohol or in other solvents,
in conjunction with either lime or a soluble salt of the same, or with compounds of
lead, such, for example, as the acetate.
In carrying out my Invention I cause the porous or woven materials to be treated
to be either alternately impregnated with the materials capable of forming in the
pores or fibres a precipitate or insoluble residue, which shall have the effect of
rendering the packing or wall thus produced more suitable for the purposes it is
intended to employ the same, such, for example, as packing for land or marine
boilers, or for the closing or stopping of leakages in ships, or for arresting the flow
of water in mines or under other circumstances; or the treatment of the porous
or woven materials may be obtained by pressure, or otherwise effected, my object
being to form in and upon the porous or woven material precipitate or precipitates
insoluble, or nearly so, in water.
LATHE-CHUCKS.
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Reinhold Rudloff Grübs at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1880.
REINHOLD RUDLOFF GRÜBS, of the Firm of Franz Gaedicke, of 43, Rosen-
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
thalerstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Banker.
LATHE-CHUCKS.'
"
This improved chuck consists of a head formed with three radial equidistant
guideways, in which slide the cheeks destined to center and hold the piece which
it is desired to insert in the chuck. The head carries a stout ring capable of
turning thereon, but prevented from endwise motion by means of flanges or clamps
projecting inward to a slight distance from the ring over the front and rear faces
of the head. The cheeks sliding in the guideways of the head are connected each by
a separate link with the ring in such manner that when the ring is turned upon
the head in one direction or the other, these links draw the three cheeks all with
equal velocity inward toward the center, or push them outward toward the
circumference in the radial direction determined by their guideways. The turning
of the ring in the direction for drawing the cheeks inward to hold an object is
effected by means of a pressure screw, set in an ear or boss formed on the rear face
of the chuck head, and the point of which, when screwed inward, acts against a
projection formed on the ring, and thereby turns the latter in the desired direction.
On screwing the said pressure screw backward the ring becomes liberated, and may
be easily turned by hand in the opposite direction to push through its links the
cheeks outward to release the object.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MULES FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Gustav Schwabe Garnett at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1880.
THOMAS GUSTAV SCHWABE GARNETT, of the Firm of J. and T. Garnett, of
Turton, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR APPLICABLE TO MULES FOR SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS."
The object of my Invention is to prevent irregular or bad yarn or thread from
being wound upon the cop or spindle in mule spinning, and my Invention consists
in substituting for the ordinary "faller" wire or counter "faller" wire, or both
(but the counter faller wire by preference), a plate having a narrow slit for each
thread to form a clearer plate.
Each thread in winding on to the cop or spindle will be drawn through the
narrow slit in the plate, and if a thread is thick or lumpy it will not pass, and
consequently the thread will be broken and prevented from winding on to the cop
or spindle.
The comb or clearer plate is or may be made fixed; or it is made so as to move
endways by the action of the threads in winding on if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ALARM AND INDICATING APPARATUS FOR BOILERS, CISTERNS, TANKS, VENTILATORS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick King and George Green at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th October 1880.
FREDERICK KING and GEORGE GREEN, both of Bristol, in the County of
Gloucester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ALARM AND INDICATING APPARATUS FOR
BOILERS, CISTERNS, TANKS, VENTILATORS, AND THE LIKE."
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for giving an alarm on the
rising or overflow of water in boilers, cisterns, tanks, and the like, and in apparatus
or indicators for ventilators, and like purposes.
In carrying out our.Invention we employ a float or buoy attached to a counter-
balanced rod or lever, or otherwise balanced by means of a counterweight, spring,
or other suitable or convenient arrangement, centreing on a pivot or otherwise.
To the said lever or rod is fixed a cranked iron in which is inserted an insulated
spring, which spring on the float or buoy being raised by the rising of the liquid
is lowered and thereby connected to a fixed or other suitably arranged conductor
connected to a battery so as to ring an electric bell, or pneumatic, hydraulic, or
other means may be employed. Upon the level of the liquid falling the float
or buoy also falls, thereby disconnecting the spring which is raised up ready for
the next alarm, or by working a glass tap turning on or off a supply of water to
prevent an overflow so as to serve as a waste preventer.
Instead of the float or buoy we may employ a piston working in a cylinder or
its equivalent containing mercury or other expansible fluid or substance, which
fluid or substance in expanding or contracting raises or lowers the piston and so
forms an alarm for ventilators, or for indicating the raising or lowering of the
temperature.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Tyrall Brown at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March 1880.
WILLIAM TYRALL BROWN, of Bootle, in the County of Lancaster, Laundryman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES."
The main object of my Invention is to provide a machine which shall efficiently
wash textile materials, such as clothing, table linen, and the like, without
unnecessary wear and liability to damage by tearing from entanglement of the
fabrics. The necessary rubbing or friction of the fabrics against or amongst
themselves, and between the moving parts of the machine is effectually secured for
washing, and rinsing is more effectually performed than hitherto has been
possible.
The machine consists essentially of a suitable flexible agent allowed to hang
vertically or nearly so from a carrier or carriers, so as to have a free end or bight
in the liquid of the wash tub or container. The articles to be washed are placed
within the free end or bight, and a continuous alternating or rising and falling
motion or a combination of such motions is imparted to the said flexible agent.
In practice one or more chains, bands, or ropes, either plain or constructed or
fitted with rubbing or friction pieces, is or are hung from or attached to one or
more pulleys, drums, arms, or other suitable devices. The said pulleys, drums,
arms, or other suitable devices are supported or carried in a suitable framework
attached to or combined with the wash or rinsing tub or container, and motion is
communicated to the said pulleys, drums, arms, or suitable devices by means of
cranks or other gear. In some cases a roller or rollers is placed within the chains,
bands, or ropes in contact with the articles being washed or rinsed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOW WATER ALARMS FOR STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Bickerton and Henry Nield
Bickerton and Daniel Orme at the Ottice of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 17th June 1880.
SAMUEL BICKERTON and HENRY NIELD BICKERTON, both of Ashton-under-
Lyne, and DANIEL ORME, of the Firm of George Orme and Company, Atlas Meter
Works, Oldham, all in the County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOW
WATER ALARMS FOR STEAM GENERATORS."
"
This Invention relates to improvements in that class of low water indicator in
which a float working in an enclosed chamber is employed for opening a communi-
cation with a whistle, so as to give a sonorous indication when the water in tho
boiler has become too low or has become too reduced in quantity, and consits in
constructing such apparatus in a more compact, cheaper, and more reliable form
than has hitherto been practicable, and in such a manner that only dry steam shall
escape to the whistle, instead of a mixture of steam and water as heretofore; and so
that the working condition of the apparatus can be tested by opening a communi-
cation between the boiler and the enclosed chamber, or between the chamber and
the atmosphere, or between the boiler and the atmosphere at pleasure. In carrying
out our Invention we employ a threeway cock between the enclosed chamber and
the boiler for opening the communication herein before mentioned, and to ensure dry
steam only entering the said chamber in case of lowness of water, instead of the
pipe which is taken down to the water level being open at the end, it is so arranged
that its end shall be closed and two orifices be formed in it, one vertically over the
other, the top orifice being larger than the lower one, so that when the water
descends below the upper orifice the steam entering the same shall force out the
water through the lower orifice, and shall only escape as, or feed dry steam to the
whistle. The float wo employ is a solid one, made by preference of hard wood, or of
any other suitable matter which is of nearly the same specific gravity as water;
this float we coat or cover with a thin metallic coating, so as to protect the interior
from the action of the water, and we guide the same up and down inside the
chamber by a suitable spindle, and at the upper end of such float we arrange a
small valve fitting a minute orifice leading to the whistle. We thus construct a
low water alarm of smaller dimensions, and in some cases instead of using a threo
way cock we employ a two way cock, and open the desired communication between
the float and the atmosphere by an additional cock mounted on the float
chamber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING AT SEA
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bruce Thompson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th January 1880.
WILLIAM BRUCE THOMPSON, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain;
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING AT SEA."
This Invention, which relates to the apparatus for giving signals between ships in
a fog, consists of a small engine which actuates a shaft carrying cams, and which as
the shaft rotates cause the cams to strike upon a lever which operates the valve
for admitting or cutting off the steam from a whistle or horn. A disc or indicator
marked with the four cardinal compass points is provided, and this is turned to
any one of these points corresponding to the direction of the ship's course, thus
according to the position of the disc, the cams are caused to operate the whistle any
given number of times; for example, the whistle or horn may be made to give one
blow per minute when the course is north, two when the course is east, three when
the course is south, and four when the course is west; this being effected by the
disc or indicator as it is moved adjusting the sets of cams to their numbers in a
line with the lever of the whistle or horn valve. When the cams are in contact
with the lever the valve is opened, and when out of contact it is closed by a spring
or weight.
PREPARATION OF A SPIRIT SUITABLE FOR USE AS A DETERGENT, AS A SOLVENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Watson Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1880.
"
WATSON SMITH, F.C.S., F.I.C., of 11, Monmouth Street, Duke Stroet, Rusholme,
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
PREPARATION OF A SPIRIT SUITABLE FOR USE AS A DETERGENT, AS A SOLVENT,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the preparation of a spirit
suitable for use as a detergent, as a solvent, and for other purposes.
For this purpose I treat the " spirit" or lower boiling portions of petroleum or
rock oil, known frequently under the various names of petroleum spirit, benzine,
benzoline, neoline, ligroin, and petroleum ether.
This spirit or naphtha forms actually the lower boiling portion of petroleum,
mineral, or rock oils, occurring as a natural product. It possesses a most disagreeable
odour.
By my method of treatment I obtain from it a spirit which is almost odourless,
and such odour as it has is of an agreeable nature.
I treat this spirit, either after or before a distillation, to remove higher boiling
constituents, with chlorine gas, generated or yielded according to any of the
various methods, and in open daylight or with as free access of daylight as possible.
I continue the treatment until a small sample of the spirit exhibits the desired
freedom from unpleasant smell, after shaking with a little caustic alkaline ley. The
chlorinated spirit is now in bulk treated with an oxide, hydrate or carbonate,
capable of removing the free hydrochloric acid and chlorine from the spirit. I
prefer to use first milk of lime, obtained by slaking good quicklime with water, and
subsequently a caustic soda ley. The hydrochloric acid and chlorine may also be
removed from the spirit by means of a stream or current of air passed through the
same in connection with a suitable condenser, but I prefer the use of milk of lime,
followed by that of a caustic soda (sodium hydrate) ley.
The product obtained thus may be further refine dby a distillation; the portions
boiling above 100° to 110° of the centigrade thermometer (212° to 230° Fah.) may
be rejected. The product received over below these points of temperature will be
found to possess a very faint and agreeable odour. The spirit is now susceptible of
being delicately flavoured or scented by the addition of essential oils.
1
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPECTACLES
Year: 1880

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Simon Offenbacher at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1880.
SIMON OFFENBACHER, of Bishopsgate Street Without, in the City of London.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN SPECTACLES."
The Invention has for its object improvements in spectacles, and relates to means
whereby the angle of the glasses is capable of being varied in respect to the
sides" or "temples" to suit the direction of vision for the time being. For this
purpose I connect the "sides or "temples" to the "joints" in such manner as
to be capable of movement thereon, around axes at right angles or thereabouts to
those of the joint pivots.
"3
The mode I have found to answer in carrying my Invention into effect is to
connect the joint leaf (which is usually rigidly fixed to the "side" or "temple") by
a screw pivot to the "side" or "temple," and if desired the amount of motion
permitted to the frame and glasses upon the "sides" or "temples" may be limited
in one or both directions by stops or otherwise.
AN IMPROVED LIQUID OR PREPARATION FOR WASHING, SCOURING, OR CLEANSING PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Corcoran at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd February 1880.
PETER CORCORAN, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster.
"AN IMPROVED
LIQUID OR PREPARATION FOR WASHING, SCOURING, OR CLEANSING PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to the detergent liquids or preparations principally
employed in the washing, scouring, or cleansing of linen or woven fabrics or of
articles made from such fabrics as is well understood. In the preparation of such
liquid I employ a suitable alkali, alum, and rosin, or resinous matter dissolved
in water either with or without other matters, such, for example, as lime. The
proportions of the ingredients may be varied, but I have found the following
proportions by weight to be suitable, namely:-Water about one hundred pounds,
pearl-ash and rosin of each about eight pounds, and alum one pound. The rosin
is dissolved in the water or in a portion of it by means of the pearl-ash, and the
alum is added to the solution. The solution of the rosin can be readily effected
by the aid of heat. Other forms of potash or soda-ash or caustic soda or other
alkali or alkaline mixtures may be substituted for the pearl ash or for part of it.
IMPROVED AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR COMPENSATING THE VARIATIONS IN LENGTH OF THE WIRES OR CHAINS USED FOR WORKING RAILWAY SIGNALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Robert Sharpe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1880.
CHARLES ROBERT SHARPE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
"A NEW OR
Manager of the Williams' Railway Patents Company, Limited.
IMPROVED AUTOMATIC APPARATUS FOR COMPENSATING THE VARIATIONS IN LENGTH
OF THE WIRES OR CHAINS USED FOR WORKING RAILWAY SIGNALS."
This Invention, which relates to new or improved apparatus for compensating
the variations in length of the wires or chains between the signal posts and operating
levers on railways, consists as follows:-The wire or chain or combined wire and
chains are connected in the ordinary manner to the pulley or lever on the signal
post, but the opposite end of the wire or chain is passed round one or more pulleys
in the neighbourhood of the operating lever or levers, the said end of the said
wire or chain having attached to it a weight sufficient to maintain the wire or chain
at all times at a constant tension.
In order to cause the wire or chain to be locked into or upon the loose pulley or
pulleys around which it passes, there is mounted upon the axis of one of the loose
pulleys a lever of sufficient length to carry at its outer part a gripping jaw piece
The
which is moveable on the axis by which it is attached to the said lever.
inner end of this gripping jaw piece passes in between the groove of the pulley, and
its outer end is coupled to the lower arm of the operating lever in signal cabin, so
that whenever the operating lever is pulled its first effect is to move the gripping
piece or jaw slightly on its axis, thereby causing its inner or short end to grip the
wire or chain between itself and the groove in the loose pulley. This being done,
the further motion of the lever carries the loose pulley round and imparts that
motion to the wire or chain, and thence to the signal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Whitehead and John Snow
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th July 1880.
HENRY WHITEHEAD, of Winsford, in the County of Chester, and JOHN SNOW,
of Shelton, Stoke-upon Trent, in the County of Stafford. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER VELOCIPEDES."
This Invention relates to the construction of a boat or vessel to be driven by a
single paddle wheel actuated by the feet of the person propelling the same, somewhat
in the manner of driving a bicycle on land.
The paddle wheel revolves in a notch cut in the stern of the boat or vessel, being
covered in by a box or casing of sheet iron.
The scat for the driver is above the paddle box, and he drives the paddle wheel
by means of his fect, which act upon pedals fitted to cranks, one on each side of the
axis of the wheel.
The weight of the driver being thus placed well to the rear of the boat, the bow
will have a tendency to rise, which will lighten the draught and facilitate the
passage of the boat through the water.
The opening through the stern of the boat will also allow of the free escape of
the water from the paddle wheel, and greatly assist the propelling power of
the same.
The steering is effected by means of a handle or lever held by the hands of the
driver, and connected by cords, wires, or chains with the head of the rudder.
IMPROVEMENTS. LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Greenwood and William
Henry Hayhurst at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th
December 1880.
RICHARD GREENWOOD, Cotton Manufacturer, and WILLIAM HENRY HAYHURST,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Mill Manager, both of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Our improvements are designed for the purpose of stopping the loom immediately
on the completion of any determined length of cloth or piece.
The apparatus for effecting this object consists in the employment of a small
pulley, secured by means of an adjustable wheel and bush to the axis of the taking
up roller. One end of a band or tape is attached to the said pulley, its other end
is passed through the slot of a light lever to another pulley or drum of a large
diameter, and is wound round the periphery of the same by means of a weight
suspended from the boss or shaft of the said pulley or drum so as to admit of the
said tape or band being wound upon the before mentioned small pulley by the
gradual revolving movement of the taking up roller. An adjustable stop piece is
secured to the tape or band in such a manner as to be brought in contact with the
slotted lever, which is connected by a link to another lever extending over the
shank of the ordinary weft fork, by which its movement is arrested on the
completion of the piece and thus causes the stoppage of the loom. It will be
obvious that any length of piece may be woven by simply adjusting the stop piece
to the required length on the tape or band. On the stoppage of the loom the
adjustable wheel is turned so as to release the small pulley, the tape or band
wound thereon being run down by means of the weight above mentioned, the small
pulley being again secured by the adjustable wheel before the commencement of
another piece.
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR SAVING LIFE AT SEA AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Balch at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1880.
WILLIAM BALCH, Pensioner, Royal Navy, of Greenwich, in the County of
Kent. "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR SAVING LIFE AT SEA AND OTHER
PURPOSES."
This Invention has reference to improved means or appliances for saving life at
sea and other purposes, and relates to the use, in conjunction with a life buoy or raft,
of means whereby not only is a light shewn above the surface of the water, but
also discharges are caused to take place at intervals so as to produce flashes of light
or stars that ascend in the air and denote the whereabouts of the apparatus.
One arrangement of appliance or apparatus according to my Invention for saving
life at sea and other purposes is constructed with a water tight copper ball in the
centre and a copper tube through the same for shewing a light above the surface of
the water, and at the same time discharging fire stars into the air to denote the
exact position of the apparatus to any person overboard.
Around the ball and
tube is a spherical or homi-spherical vessel divided into four or two sections
connected loosely together, and clasped around the ball by a band, which is divided
when the appliance is released, and allows the connected parts of the spherical or
hemispherical vessel to float alongside the light to form life buoys.
By preference I carry the appliance on a hinged shelf at the ship's stern,
maintained in a horizontal position by cords. The appliance stands upon this shelf
between guides which steady it, and carry the bands or clips that bind the buoys
to the floating ball and tube, and when the shelf is dropped by the ropes being cut
or cast off, the whole appliance slides down the guides and drops into the sea,
where the various portions float apart or are impelled apart by springs contained
within them or on the slides or on the ship's stern. When the shelf is dropped the
cord attached to the fuse (which may be sulphuric acid combined with chlorate of
potash and sugar) or friction tube ignites the light.
The appliance can further be used without a life buoy for signalling or other
purposes on board ships or boats or elsewhere.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND NOXIOUS GASES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hilton and Thomas Thorpe
Pearson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December
1880.
WILLIAM HILTON and THOMAS THORPE PEARSON, the younger, both of Bolton,
in the County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
CONSUMING SMOKE AND NOXIOUS GASES."
In performing our Invention when applied to a two flued boiler we connect the
flues at the firing end by an external casing when applied to existing boilers, and
by an internal connexion when new boilers are made. At the end of each flue is a
revolving damper which is caused to act automatically by the furnace door or
otherwise. When one flue is fired the damper at the end of that flue is closed, and
the smoke and gas are drawn through the other fire where it is consumed. The
damper at the end of the flue that has been fired is caused to open by a mercury
box or otherwise at any desired time. When the other flue is fired the operation
is reversed. When our Invention is applied to a single flued boiler we make an
additional Bue at the side of the boiler or in other convenient position, through
which additional flue the smoke and gas are drawn after firing by air or steam and
caused to pass through the fire several times.
We apply our Invention for consuming noxious gases at chemical works and
other places.