TION OF MAKING PAPER IN SINGLE SHEETS, WITHOUT SEAM OR JOINING, FROM ONE TO TWELVE FEET AND UPWARDS WIDE, AND FROM ONE TO FORTY-FIVE FEET AND UPWARDS IN LENGTH
Year: 1801

page_text: CAMDE
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE. PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GAMBLE, of Leicester Square, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
"INVEN-
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of April,
in the forty-first year of His reign, give and grant to me, the said John
Gamble, his especial license, that I, the said John Gamble, during the term
of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend,'
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, an
TION OF MAKING PAPER IN SINGLE SHEETS, WITHOUT SEAM OR JOINING, FROM ONE TO
TWELVE FEET AND UPWARDS WIDE, AND FROM ONE TO FORTY-FIVE FEET AND UPWARDS
IN LENGTH;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging
me, the said John Gamble, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months after the date of the said
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, (relation being thereunto had,).
may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said

page_text: John Gamble, do hereby declare that the said Invention is described by the
Drawings and the explanation thereof hereunto annexed.
It witness whereof, I, the said John Gamble, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twentieth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and one.
Figure 1 is the upper plan of the machine for pressing the paper as soon as
it is made. This machine is set in motion by the same mover and at the same
time as the machine for making the paper, and serves to give it a sufficient
pressure to render it dry enough to hang up. A, A, A, timber work, forming
by its assemblage the lower or inferior frame which supports the whole
machine; B, B, side beams of the press, which support the cylinders for
pressing; C, C, C, front body of the machine; D, D, cheeks which support
the roller E on the front of the machine, and serve to stretch the lower cloth
or felt by the means of the re-acting vice N; F, F, standing timber, serving to
support the rollers of the lower cloth G, and the upper H; I, roller upon
which the sheet envelopes itself gradually as it is pressed; K, upper or
superior cloth; L, lower or inferior cloth; M, re-acting vice, the use whereof
may be seen in D, D. For a description of the brass and iron work see
Fig. 2.
Figure 2 is a lateral elevation taken from the line C, D, of Figure, con-
taining. the brass and iron work used in Figure 1. 1, 1, iron tree, which sets
the whole machine in motion; 2, cog wheel with twenty-four teeth, operating
in the trundle head y, of the upper plan of the machine, mounted in the second
sheet of the machine to make paper; 3, trundle head with twenty-four spindles,
which gives the motion to the cylinders for pressing; 4, cog wheel with twenty-
four teeth fixed on the frame of the trunnion of the cylinder, and operating on
the trundle head 3; 5, 5, standing timber, which supports the blocks in brass
of the iron tree 1, 1; 6-supporter in wood; 7, piece of iron, to which is
adapted the vice 8, which operates at will on the cog wheel 2, in the trundle
head y of the upper plan of the machine mounted in the second sheet of the
machine to make paper; 9, brass rulers, which serve to guide the clasps of the
lower cloth, and similar to those at H, I, G, K, M, in No. 2, of the annexed
Drawings; 10, brass rulers,. which guide the clasps of the upper cloth; 11,
support of the re-acting vice A, to stretch more or less the upper cloth; 12,
re-acting vice, to stretch the upper cloth in length; 13, 13, screws, which serve

page_text: to fix the cap on the frame of the press; 14, vice of pression on the cylinder;
15, support of the roller I, in Figure 1; 16, clapper in iron, which gives the
motion to the roller I, in Figure 1, as fast as it escapes from the wheel. 17 with
notches; 17, wheel with notches fixed to the trunnion of the roller I, of
5 Figure 1; 18, band of iron, to prevent the loosening of the timber work; 19,
hook, to fasten the pressing machine to No. 2 of the annexed Drawings;:
20, 20, 20, supports of small iron rollers, which serve to put back or advance
the pressing machine on its grooves.
Figure 3 is a plan of a part of the machine No. 2 in the annexed Drawings,
upon which is seen a cloth without end, through which the sheet of paper is:
pressed; it is exactly similar in the conductors, clasps, and re-acting vices to
those at 10, 11, 12, of Figure 2, and upon which is fixed. the small knife in
wood to cut the sheet of paper of the length required.
1
Figure 4, a dial of sixteen degrees of one foot each, behind which is adapted
a catch wheel in brass, which is moved by a vice made on the tree X, called
the commander of No. 2 in the annexed Drawings.
Figure 5, elevation taken on the line A, B, of Figure 3. 1, hook which
joins the catch fixed at the distance required to the catch wheel adapted to the
dial, Figure 4; 2, iron rod, which corresponds to the hook 1, and to the sup-
port 3, to raise or lower alternatively; 3, support, to which is adapted the
knife in wood 4, which serves to cut the sheet; 4, knife in wood; 5, bell
fastened to the iron rod 2, and which serves to advertise when the sheet
is cut.
Figure 6, small brass roller, of which the trunnions are supported by two
small springs fixed to the balancer 12 of No. 2 in the annexed Drawings. The
roller is placed exactly under the shelf N, of the same No. 3.
Figure 7, view taken in the interior of the vat. A, an iron trundle head,
put in motion by the arm of the fly 5 in No. 2 of the annexed Drawings; •
B, wheel that catches on the trundle head A; C, wheel upon which is fixed
the wheel B, and the small blades D, D, D; D, D, D, blades in brass which
continually mix the pulp while the machine is in motion.
No. 1, Figure 1, A, A, A, A, timber work, forming by its assemblage the
lower or inferior frame which supports the whole machine; B, B, slide beams
of the press which bear the two brass cylinders C, C, outside standing timber
work in front; D, D, small posts serving as supporters to the floor which bears.
the vessel, and at the same time to the moving cross conductor represented
in Figures 2 and 4; E, E, outside standing timber of the back part; F, piece
of wood serving to support the re-acting vice N; G, support of the returning.
axletree explained in the second Plate; H, board placed immediately under

page_text: the cylinders, in order to return the water into the vessel which flows from the
pression of the paper; J, front body of the machine; K, K, mortises or
grooves into which slide two cheeks joining together by a cross bar; L,
re-acting vice fixed in an eye bored in the middle of the piece of iron M, and
chocked behind with a pin; this vice causes the two cheeks to move in their
mortises; M, piece of iron which sustains the re-acting vice; N, another
re-acting vice crossed with two iron rods, O, O, forming the cross, in order to
make them move. This vice by turning causes to ascend or descend between
the posts or pillars D, D, the travers A, Figure 4, which supports the
springs B, B.
Figures 2, 4. These two Figures represent the same piece. Figure 2 is
seen in the horizontal plan, and Figure 4 in its natural position, bearing its
two springs, whereof the one is reversed, being upon a hinge. These two
springs serve to sustain the piece of iron, Figure 3, called balancer by virtue
of its movement; it is the flattened head of the two springs which unite in the
mortises which are seen at each end of the balancer, by means of a pin which
runs through the same.
Figure 3, a balancer (described at 12 in No. 2). B, B, mortices at each
end of the balancer provided for receiving the springs B, B.
Figure 4, C, C, C, C, supporters traversed by a re-acting vice. D, D, other
supporters bearing each a pointed vice. No. 2, a sheet of copper similar to
that which is used for making the frames in paper mills. This sheet is without
eud, being of course joined at both ends, and supported by the two wooden
rollers B, C. It has its movement from C to B by means of two brass
cylinders placed under the head E, between which the same is pressed, and
repassing under the lower cylinder it goes and extends itself above the vessel,
where it receives the composition for the paper, which is continually and
abundantly supplied by the fly 8, inclosed in a case or chapiteau represented
in No. 3, in which this fly is seen as if uncovered. On both sides of the said
sheet are seen copper clasps, which are thereto affixed at equal distances; and
the-said sheet is bordered on both sides with eel skins, cut into straps or
ribands, folded in two upon the breadth, and pierced with a small hole at the
place of each clasp, in order only to let the brace or hook pass to the outside.
These clasps serve to extend the sheet in its breadth, and to prevent its dis-
charging itself in length by means of copper rulers which slide through the
clasps in length. B, wooden roller, which passes under the folded sheet, and
which serves to stretch it in length by means of two cheeks N, N, which
support the said roller, and are put in motion by the re-acting vice O placed
in the middle. C, another roller of wood, which sustains the end of the sheet
.

page_text: stretched out upon the vessel suspended by the balancer 12, under which the
said sheet passes. D, wooden roller pressing lightly upon the sheet by the
action of two elastic supporters which sustain the same. This roller serves to
receive or take off the paper as gradually as it comes out from between the
cylinders wherein it had been pressed. Each time that this roller is sufficiently
loaded with paper, the same is replaced, without stopping the progress, by
another roller of wood, which instantly seizes the sheet which follows. The
only attention required is that these rollers are always wetted before they are
placed or put in motion. It is this humidity which enables the same instantly
to seize the sheet, and envelope it round its body. E, cap or piece of timber
placed upon the frame of the press and exterior woodwork of the floor of the
vessel. F, F, iron chains, in order to prevent the rising of the cap E in the
pression and vice of pression resting upon the trunnions of the cylinders by
means of cushions with which they are provided. G, G, square pieces of wood,
serving as supports to the brass rulers which edge the sheet, by means of three
hands I, I, I, adjusted to each of them, and which sustain the said rulers to
the summit of the sheet upon which they do no more than bear. These pieces
or laths are furnished at cach end with a topping, in order to receive a small
tenon checqued on the summit by a pin passing through both pieces, in order to
form the knee in four places, K, K, K, K, and thereby facilitate the more the
precipitate movement of backwards and forwards which the sheet has continually,
in order to equalize the composition as the same reaches the summit. The small
pieces as tenons which are at each end of these rods are traversed by a re-acting
vice fixed in the supports K, M, which serve, more or less, to disengage the rods'
of brass, and at the same time the rulers which are thereto affixed, and in this
operation they hold, more or less stretched upon its width, the sheet which slides
along the rulers by means of clasps wherewith the same is furnished. As the
operation of this machine depends much upon the degree of tension given
to the sheet, which ought to present, above all at the arrival of the composition,
a surface perfectly even and level upon its breadth, it is necessary immediately.
to place two supporters of firwood under the sheet thinned, as the bridges
whereof the same do absolutely perform the service, by preventing the weight
of the composition burthened with water from causing the sheet to be
penetrated or burst in the middle. These supporters of wood bear at their
extremities upon the rods of brass at the points G, G, where they are arrested
by a pin, in order not to obstruct the horizontal movement of the sheet.
has been mentioned above that the sheet ought to be perfectly even in its
breadth, but it is not the same upon the length, which ought to have a
declivity of about two centimeters from E to C. It is persumed that if no
It

page_text: declivity is given to the sheet, the composition which comes from point C will
extend itself instantly as far as point E, place of the cylinders, and would not
have time to drain its water, fix itself, and form the paper. This declivity is
not of sufficient importance to prevent the matter from fixing itself upon the
sheet, because the quantity continually arriving in form of a sheet of water
keeps it there, and forces the superfluity back into the vessel, by passing over
the brass rulers. H, H, brass rulers, very thin, serving to guide and smooth
the cloth as is above stated. I, I, I, brass hands upon screws, and fixed upon
the brass rods G, G, rivetted upon the rulers. K, K, K, K, supports of the
rods G, G. L, L, supports of the roller C, turning upon pivots in the same.
M, M, repelling vice, fixed upon the supports of the rods. N, N, cheeks which
support the roller B in the forepart of the machine, and serve to stretch the
cloth in its length. O, repelling vice, which causes the checks to move. P, sup-
port placed on the right-hand side in the middle of the returning beam Q, in
order to prevent the same from whipping on account of its length. Q, returning
beam, which communicates the movement to the sheet and fly. R, support of
the returning beam. S, trundle head for 8 spindles, adapted to the end of the re-
turning beam. T, frame of the commanding tree X, where the rounce is fixed
which puts the whole machine in motion. V, cog-wheel with 24 teeth operating
in the trundle head S. X, tree, called the commander, because it brings on all
the movements; Y, trundle head with 8 spindles, operating with the cog-wheel.
Z, Z, cog-wheel with 24 teeth, adjusted at the end of the trunnions of the lower
cylinder. &c., handle or rounce of the press. 1, octagon adjusted upon a
returning tree, 2, and inclining upon the right-hand spring, which bears the
balancer, 12. The octagon causes the handle at every turn to give 12 jerks
to the balancer in going and coming, and of course to the sheet, as well as
everything which holds the same. 2, handles or arms which move the tree, of
two pieces, which produces the facility of adjusting the octagon 1.
3, cog-
wheel of 24 teeth operating upon the trundle head with 6 spindles. 4, trundle
head with 6 spindles fixed at the head of the iron arm of the fly. 5, iron arm
of the fly or axletree.. 6, superior or upper part of the support which sustains
the fly above the vessel. 7, support of the-returning tree Q. 8, body of the
fly. This is a sort of hoop or broad ring made of brass latten, very thin, sup-
ported in the interior by small bars upon it's iron arm, and furnished on its
surface with 8 bands of copper blades, very narrow, which only plunge into
the water contained in the vessel. 9 & 10, bars of wood placed across the
vessel, in order to support the chapiter which receives the fly. 11, end of the
iron arm of the fly in its supporter. 12, balances armed with the supports of
the sheet and rods, and sustained by the springs B, B, represented in No. 1,

page_text: Figure 4. No. 3, A, A, profile of the sheet of copper, armed with its
clasps, and sliding along the brass rulers which edge the same. B, roller
of wood supported by the checks Y. C, another roller supported by the
balance L. D, roller serving to receive the paper on pressing on the
sheet. E, cap of the frame of the press. F, vice of pression. G, rods of
brass which support the rulers. H, H, brass cylinder between which the
sheet passes, in order to press the. paper. I, supports of the rods fixed to the
frame of the press. K, supports of the rods fixed to the balancers. L, balancer
seen at one end. M, M, part of the resort or spring on the left, which, sup-
ports the balancer. N, board or shelf inclining on one side upon a hinge over
the sheet, and on the other adjusted to the chapiter underneath a small open-
ing through which the composition runs upon the sheet. O, chapiter which
recovers the fly. P, fly of the mill. Q, a sort of reservoir which receives th
composition sent thither by the fly, by turning rapidly from R to S.
R, S, bars of wood placed crossways on the vessel, in order to support
the chapiter. T, part of the support of the arm of the fly. V, conducting
frame placed under the cylinders, in order to return the water in the vesse
which flows from the pressure of the paper. X, the tub or vessel. Y, Z,
traverses of timber forming the floor which supports the vessel, &c., repelling
vice which causes the checks to move in order to stretch the sheet in its length.
1 & 2, posts which sustain the flooring of the vessel, and serve as conductors
to the traverses 3, represented in No. 1, Figures 2 & 4. 3, moveable tra-
verse or cross beam, bearing the springs, as represented at A, No. 1, Fig. 4.
4, repelling vicc, serving to make the traverse inove.. It is by means of this
vice that the necessary declivity is given to the sheet. 5, hole in which the
repelling vice turns. 6, rod crossing through the head of the repelling vice in
order to make the same move. 7, cheeks for stretching the slicet. 8, hands
or fists of copper which keeps the rulers above the sheet.
No. 4, another
view of No. 3, the explanation of which comprises both numbers.
No. 5, Figure 1. This Figure represents the machine as seen in front, but
deprived of its front body, in order to leave to view the two cylinders: Each
of these cylinders is enveloped in woollen cloth, such as is used in the paper
mills. This cloth serves to extract the superfluous water from the paper, in
order to put it into a proper condition to be received and taken off after the
pression. It will be found that the principal cylinder is cut hollow at both
ends, and leaves a space between.. The void serves as a passage to the clasps
of the sheet, and at the same time to the ends of the brass rulers which edge
it, and which incline upon the lowerinost cylinder. This sheet always and very

page_text: exactly passes upon the surface of the cylinder from A to B, leaving the clasps
upon the outside of the said passage.
Figure 2. This plate exhibits the front body of the machine upon which the
cheeks slide which bears the roller that seizes the paper, and one part of the
superior cylinder, disengaged from the cloth wherewith it ought to be covered.
No. 6, Figure 1. A, the vessel; B, the chapiter; C, opening through
which the composition runs upon the sheet; D, balance; E, part belonging
to the fly plunging into the water; F, G, resorts or springs which put the
balance in motion; H, octagon which produces the movements to the springs
and balance; I, I, brass hands affixed to the rods and clasps (the passage of
these rules may be seen in the clasps); K, roller of wood supported by the
balancer; L, boards of the vessel; M, moveable traverse which sustains
the springs, and serves to regulate the declivity of the sheet; N, N, arm of
the fly.
Figure 2 represents the support of the tree of the octagon.
Figure 3 represents the superior part' of a frame of the press, furnished with
its cushions, and one side of the supporters of the rods.
Figure 4, transverse view of Figure 3, seen from the end or entry of the
cushions and trunnions of the cylinder, with the two arms of a supporter of
the rods.
Figure 5, cut of the cylinders sustained by their cushions in the interior of
the two frames, and on the right-hand side the two supporters A, B, of the
returning tree which bears the octagon.
Figure 6, detail of the supporter A in Figure 5.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twentieth day of
October, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Gamble came before
our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Twentieth-day of October, in the year above written.