IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS AND IN ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bradbury, of Workington, in the County
of Cumberland, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bradbury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th March 1874.-
I, JAMES BRADBURY, of Workington, in the County of Cumberland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS AND IN ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates principally to the upright class of "boilers" or
steam generators employed in connection with puddling or heating
furnaces in iron works, but may also be applicable in the construction
and arrangement of steam generators deriving their heat from other
furnaces or from furnaces specially constructed to supply heat to such
generators..
. When carrying my said Invention into effect I form a steam generator
in two principal parts connected together by means of water tubes,' The

page_text: lower part is formed with a vertical or nearly vertical internal fluc,
which
may or may not be fitted with cross water tubes, and the upper
part is fixed above the upper end of the said lower part; and the said
upper end is connected with the lower end or bottom of the said upper
part by means of water tubes of a conical or other suitable form, the
said water tubes being arranged around the said internal flue. The said
upper part acts partly as a steam chamber or reservoir, and is fitted with
usual or suitable mountings. An external flue is formed between the
said lower part and a surrounding wall or outer casing of brick or other
suitable material. The flue from the furnace or furnaces is connected
with the lower end of the aforesaid internal flue, and the gases from the
furnace or furnaces ascend the said flue and flow through the spaces
between the aforesaid water tubes into the external flue, through which
the gases descend to an exit opening leading into a flue, which is or
may be fitted with a regulator valve or damper. Two or more internal 1
flues may be fixed in the aforesaid lower part if preferred.
I prefer to sustain the generator and the upper enclosing wall on
columns or piers, and to form a chamber in the brickwork below the
said internal flue, and to form a doorway or doorways in the side or
sides of the said chamber, so that ashes, and other matters may be readily
removed, and that access can be had to the said internal flue; and I
also prefer to form doorways or openings fitted with closing plates in
the outer wall enclosing the lower part of the generator, the said
doorways opening into the bottom part of the aforesaid internal flue:
The arrangements of the flues may be modified, the construction of S
the boiler remaining substantially the same as herein indicated, as for
example, the aforesaid external flue may convey the ascending currents
of gases, and the aforesaid internal flue the descending currents.

page_text: said water tubes being arranged around the said internal flue. The said
upper part acts partly as a steam chamber or reservoir, and is fitted witli.
usual or suitable mountings. An external flue is formed between the
said lower part and a surrounding wall or outer casing of brick or other
suitable material. The flue from the surface or furnaces is connected
with the lower end of the aforesaid internal flue, and the gases from the
furnace or furnaces ascend the said flue and flow through the spaces
between the aforesaid water tubes into the external flue, through which
the gases descend to an exit opening leading into a flue which is or
may be fitted with a regulator valve or damper. Two or more internal 1
flucs may be fixed in the aforesaid lower part if preferred.
I prefer to form a chamber below the said internal flue, and to form
a doorway or doorways in the side or sides of the said chamber, so that
ashes and other matters may be readily removed; and I also prefer to
form doorways or openings fitted with closing plates in the outer wall 1
enclosing the lower part of the generator, the said doorways opening into
the bottom part of the aforesaid internal fluc.
.
The
arrangements of the flues may be modified, the construction of
the boiler remaining substantially the same as herein indicated, as for
example, the aforesaid external flue may convey the ascending currents 2
of gases, and the aforesaid internal flue. the descending currents.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I have
caused a Sheet of Drawings to accompany this Specification, the said
Drawings being made to a scale of about one-quarter of an inch to the
foot, and being marked with letters of reference.
Referring in this place to the said Drawings Fig. 1 represents a
vertical section of a steam generator constructed in accordance with my
said Invention, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line A,
and Fig. 3 a horizontal section taken on the line B in Fig. 1.
2
In the example the generator is represented as being connected with a
a puddling furnace, indicated at C in Figs. 1 and 3. The generator
consists of two principal parts D and E, which are connected together
by means of the water tubes a, a. The lower section E is of a cylindrical
form, and is constructed with an internal flue extending throughout its
length. The upper section D serves as a reservoir for steam, the lower
section being entirely filled with water. The said upper section would
be provided with all suitable fittings and mountings, such for example

page_text: 1
"
as safety and stop valves and pressure gauge, but it has not been
considered to be necessary to represent them in the Drawings. The
lower section rests upon a cast-iron base b, which is formed with an
internal space, which answers the purpose of a flue, and which is
connected by a side opening with the chimney, indicated at e in Fig. 2.
The said base also sustains an outer wall f, which is built around the
lower section of the boiler at such a distance therefrom as to form an
annular flue which surrounds the said lower section. The lower part
of the said annular flue communicates with the flue in the base bby
means of openings h, which are or may be fitted with doors or with
sliding dampers or shutters, access to which may be had through side
openings at i, i. The draught may thus be regulated so that the currents
of heated gases entirely surround the lower section, and are not drawn
too much towards the side nearest to the chimney. The details of tho
base band of the regulating openings may be greatly varied, and the
hollow metal base may even be dispensed with .if not considered to bo
necessary, but in such a case it would be advisable to form a bottom
annular-shaped flue in the foundation of the boiler, and to cause the
flue g to communicate with the said lower flue by means of openings
situated at several points around the boiler, and provided with regulating
dampers.
In Fig. 1 only two of the openings / can be shewn, but other
openings would be formed at different points in the circle formed by the
flue g
0.
The exit flue of the puddling furnace communicates with the lower
end of the internal flue of the boiler, a fire-brick lining being extended
a suitable distance into the said internal flue. The products of com.
bustion from the puddling furnace are thus conveyed into the said
internal flue, through which they flow in an upward direction, and
passing through the spaces between the water tubes a, a, descend
through the flue g, and flowing through the openings h, h, into the fluc
in the base 6 are conveyed to the chimney. A doorway is formed in the
side of the base, whereby access to the interior may be had in order that
soot and ashes may be removed therefrom when desirable.. A side
opening is also formed in the brickwork at the bottom of the internal
flue, as indicated at j.
The heat may be derived otherwise than from a puddling furnace, as
herein-before mentioned. The bottom of the upper section D may be

page_text: made concave or convex instead of being flat, as shewn in the
Drawings.
If preferred the said bottom may be stayed by means of a vertical
water tube connected with a cross water tube forming a "tee," and
attached to the sides of the internal flue and to the said bottom, or may 5
be otherwise stayed as considered to be advisable and suitable in any
case.
Having now fully described and indicated the nature of my said
Invention, and means whereby the same may be carried into effect, I
would in conclusion have it to be understood, that I claim as secured to 1
me by the herein-before mentioned Letters Patent,—
First. The steam generator formed, mounted, and arranged substan-
tially as set forth and indicated herein-before, and in the accompanying
Drawings.
And, lastly. The steam generator consisting of a lower portion having 1
one or more vertical or nearly vertical internal flue or flues connected
with an upper portion by means of water tubes, substantially as herein-
before set forth and indicated.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bradbury, have hereunto set
hand and seal, this 24th day of September, in the year of 20
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
my
•
Signed and sealed by the said
James Bradbury, in the
presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent to the Patentec,
3, Princess Street,
_ Manchester.
JAMES BRADBURY. (L.S.)