Improvements in File Cutting Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug. 1891
Complete Specification Left, 23th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 25th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in File Cutting Machines.
I PETER HEINTZ of Ludwigshafen on the Rhine, Germany, File Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to improvements in machines for cutting files.
In a file cutting machine constructed in accordance with my said invention the
file blank rests on a sliding carriage provided with an arrangement of ratchet
gearing, change wheels, and a screw actuated by an excentric on the driving shaft,
for obtaining an intermittent traverse adjustable according to the fineness of the
file teeth.
An
A holder containing a chisel is placed over the file blank. A ram raised by a
cam or excentric and forced down by the resilience of a spring imparts the necessary
blows to the chisel for cutting the file blank. For adjusting the force of the blow
the part of the ram against which the cam acts is provided with a set screw.
additional means of adjusting the force of the blow according to the thickness of
the file and also for adjusting the pressure of the clamp on the file is provided by
a divided link having right and left hand screws.
The said link is connected at
the top to the driving spring and at the bottom by means of a suitable lever
arrangement with a clamp operating intermittently for holding the file on the bed
or carriage when the blow is being struck.
The nut into which the screw for traversing the carriage gears is so arranged
that it may be lifted clear of the screw.
A lever connected with the clamp acting on a frame in which the chisel holder is
mounted raises and lowers the chisel so as to maintain a uniform distance between
the point of the chisel and the surface of the file blank. A lever is also provided
for raising the said frame when the file blank requires to be changed.
The chisel holder adapted to receive chisels of various shapes is supported
between the centre points of bolts adjustable in a frame in order that the chisel
may readily accommodate itself to files of various shapes.
Adjusting screws, packing pieces and guide pieces are provided for accurately
setting the chisel in the chisel holder and to enable one holder to take chisels of
various sizes.
A spring acting on a lever into which takes a stud on the chisel lifts the chisel
at each blow and presses it against the ram.
A hinged guide piece provided with set
angle is also attached to the chisel holder.
Dated this Seventh day of August 1891.
screws for setting it at the requisite
EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in File Cutting Machines.
1 PETER HEINTZ of Ludwigshafen on the Rhine, Germany, File Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My said invention relates to improvements in machines for cutting files.
In a file cutting machine constructed in accordance with my said invention the
file blank rests on a sliding carriage provided with a traversing screw and a system
17

page_text: Figures IX. to XIV. represent a chisel holder adapted to receive a flat chisel.
Figures XV., XVI., and XVII. show to a larger scale details of the mechanism
for actuating the carriage.
The rama (Figures 1. and III.) is raised against the spiral spring by the cam b
acting on a roller mounted in the projecting part c. The roller is pivoted at the
end of a screwed bolt d which is provided with a nut in order that by regulating
the height of the roller the stroke of the ram and the force of the blow may be
varied. An additional means of varying the force of the blow is provided by
right and left hand nut acting on the two halves of the connecting rod
A
A draw spring acting on the lever g causes the slide or frame H in which the
chisel holder is mounted to hear downwards towards the carriage S in order that
the tool holder A may bear against the file blank and thus prevent its rising.
The forward motion of the carriage S is derived from the main driving shaft
through the excentric and rod m acting on a bell crank lever I (Figs. XV., XVI.,
and XVII.). On the bell crank lever I is a paw! 2 acting on a ratchet wheel o
secured to the spur wheel p. The latter gears into a pinion g mounted in a
swinging frame or quadrant 3 (Fig. XV.). The pinion gears into the spur
wheel mounted on the cross shaft 4. From the cross shaft 4 motion is imparted
to the traversing screw by means of the bevil wheels s, and t. A mut in the
carriage Stakes into the traversing screw and by means of an excentric provided
with a handle (Fig. 1.) the nut may be thrown in and out of gear. By this
combination of mechanism an intermittent traverse is imparted to the carriage S
from the excentric on the main driving shaft.
A weighted counter pawl & and a brake spring i acting on part of the periphery
of the spur wheel p respectively prevent backlash and overrunning of the ratchet
wheel o and thus prevent irregularities in the teeth of the file. In lieu of a brake
spring an ordinary band brake may be employed.
The traverse of the carriage S at each stroke of the ram is adjustable according
to the fineness or coarseness of the file to be cut. This adjustment is effected by

page_text: altering the position of the end of the excentric rod m in a slot in the longer arm
of the bell crank lever I and also by replacing the spur wheel by other change
wheel of different diameters. The curved slot in the quadrant 3 allows the
intermediate pinion to be set to gear into wheels of different relative diameters.
The carriage S being mounted on an incline on the bed T will run back of itself
when the nut is thrown out of gear with the traversing screw and thus the need of
any special reversing gearing for driving the carriage back at the end of its course
is done away with.
The slide H which carries the chisel holders is raised and lowered by hand by
means of the lever y in order to permit of the files being put in and removed after
cutting.
I use various forms of chisel holders to suit the shape of chisel to be used.
Figures IV. to VIII. show one form adapted for holding chisels with a cylindrical
shank while Figures IX. to XIV. show a chisel holder adapted for flat chisels.
Referring to Figs. IV. to VIII. B is a cylindrical head with a square shoulder E
in which is mounted a guide G. A prolongation or tail pin F fits into a sleeve P.
In a recess in the head B is a spiral spring K which bears upwards against the
external shoulder of a hollow bush J and downwards against the bottom of the
recess. In the hollow bush J (which is prevented from rising out of the head B
by the screwed collar L) the shank y of the chisel M is secured by means of a mut h.
Internal projections in the head B take into corresponding grooves al 2 in the
bush J. In the interior of the bush J is a groove into which takes a stud or
projection on the shank of the chisel. The object of the grooves and projections is
to prevent the chisel from swivelling. The chisel itself is made in two parts as
shown in Figure VI. in order that the cutting part may be readily withdrawn from
the shank and replaced.
In lieu of a single internal groove w a number of such grooves may be disposed
round the interior of the bush in order that the chisel may be held at any desired
angle. At each blow of the ram on the shank of the chisel the latter is driven
against the file blank and a tooth is cut. At the same time the spring Kis
compressed. When the ram rises the resilience of the spring lifts the chisel from
the file blank.
The guide G is provided with two upright bars sliding in corresponding
holes in the square shoulder E and is secured at any desired height by the pinching
screw o acting on one of the rods.
The prolongation or tail pin F (Fig. VIII.) is retained in the sleeve P by two
nuts D. The sleeve P is held adjustable in the slide by a packing piece and
screws. The tool holder can turn therein so that the whole of the bearing surface
of the guide piece G may rest on and follow the shape of the file and thus ensure
even and uniform cutting.
With this kind of chisel holder in combination with the general arrangement of
the machine not only may the file teeth be cut with any desired degree of fineness
or obliquity but with the same holder both under- and over-cutting may be done
on either flat or curved files. Figures IX. to XVI. show another form of
swivelling chisel holder for use with flat chisels. This is also carried in a slide
similar in its main functions to the slide H of Fig. I. but instead of swivelling the
tool holder about a spindle it is held between the centre points of the bolts y' y²
mounted in the slide o' (Figs. XIII. and XIV.). The flat chisel works in the
frame a provided on its underside with a guide 'having the same function as the
guide G of Fig. IV. hereinbefore referred to. The chisel is set to and kept in its
proper working position by a packing strip e adjusted by set screws ¹² the set
screw and the movable pressure pin el acted on by the spring d.
The guide piece is pivoted to the frame on a central stud
of the set screws 'n² it may be set at any required vertical angle.
The chisel guide which is secured to the frame a' by a bolt p' passing through
a slot works up and down in a recess or groove and by means of the slot the
traverse of the chisel may be regulated. In order however to regulate this with
and by means

page_text: greater accuracy to suit different kinds of work I use a regulating screw a provided
with a set screw to secure it when the adjustment has been made. A stud or
projection on the chisel passing through a slot in the arm u¹ of the chisel guide
causes the chisel and guide to move simultaneously and in order to raise the chisel
after each blow of the ram a curled spring presses on the underside of a lug w
on the arm of the chisel guide. With the type of chisel holder last described
it is necessary to have separate holders for under- and over-cutting as will be well
understood.
When the machine is in operation the ram at each stroke strikes direct on the
chisel and causes it to cut a tooth in the file blank on the carriage and as the ram
rises after delivering its blow the spiral or curled spring in the chisel holder lifts
the chisel while the carriage S advances and brings another portion of the file
blank under the chisel.
When the whole of the file has been cut the slide and chisel holder are lifted
by the handle (Fig. I.) the file is withdrawn and a new blank is laid on the
carriage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The use combination and arrangement in a file cutting machine of a toothed
wheel a spring or other brake i, a ratchet wheel o, a ratchet k, for regulating the
advance of the carriage S and permitting its automatic return substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described and shown.
9,
and a
2. In a file cutting machine the combination of a spiral spring f, a lever
file guide for pressing on the file on its carriage S so that a freely held chisel may
follow and accommodate itself to the contour of the file blank substantially as herein-
before described and shown.
3. In a file cutting machine a chisel holding device for chisels with cylindrical
shanks provided with means for setting the chisel at any required degree of
obliquity so that the same holder may be used for either over- or under-cutting,
and in which the chisel is raised after each cut by means of a spiral spring and
bush substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures IV.
to VIII.
4. In a file cutting machine a chisel holding device for flat chisels held between
centre points and provided with means for adjusting the position of the chisel
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.
Dated this 26th day of April 1892.
EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.