Carriage to Carriage.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 16th Sept., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Oct., 1887
from Carriage to Carriage.
I ALBERTUS PHILIPPUS KAPTEYN of The Westinghouse Brake Company Limited,
Canal Road Kings Cross in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the Specification No. 4175 of 1883 are described connections for pipes on
railway trains, each consisting of several lengths of metallic pipe extending from
carriage to carriage and jointed together in such a manner as to allow of oscillations
of the connected carriages, the object of this arrangement being to substitute
connections of a durable character for the flexible tubing or hose usually employed
which is liable to damage and deterioration.
My present invention relates to modifications in such connections whereby they are
rendered more serviceable and durable. In order to give greater freedom of movement,
especially when the connected carriages are running along curves, and to prevent damage
to the joints in the act of coupling or uncoupling, I introduce in the fixed vertical pipe
which stands up at the end of each carriage, and which usually terminates in a bend or
swan neck jointed to the system of jointed pipes, an additional joint which allows these
pipes to turn as on a vertical axis, so that the system of pipes is free to oscillate
horizontally as well as vertically. This additional joint consists of a nozzle attached to
the lower limb of the swan neck, inserted in a socket attached to the upper end of the fixed
vertical pipe. This nozzle has a shoulder or flange on which bears a nut screwed into
the socket, the swan neck being thus connected to the vertical pipe as when two pipes
are connected by a union, with freedom to rotate in the socket. To prevent leakage
at the joint, I insert in the socket a washer or ring of caoutchouc or equivalent packing.
This ring has an L section; its base is pressed down by the nut on the shoulder of
the socket, and its vertical limb projects up into a groove in the under face of the
flange of the nozzle, so that pressure within the pipe or excess of external pressure,
by causing this limb to bear against the one side or the other of the groove, renders
the joint tight without interfering with the free rotation of the swan neck. The
elastic ring might also be fixed to the nozzle and bear against the socket.

page_text: In the Specification No. 4175 of 1883 above referred to, the other joints of the
pipes are described as consisting each of two equal and similar halves held together
by two setting screws and provided at their meeting faces with two rings of packing
material. On account of the freedom given by the vertical joint above described
and the absence of lateral strain, I am enabled to simplify the construction of the
other joints, dispensing with one of the setting screws and one of the packings, using
two members of the joint which are not symmetrical. One of these members has a
bracket with a setting screw as previously described, and by this screw the other
member of the joint is pressed against the former which has fixed in it an L shaped
ring of packing material. The limb of this ring projects into a groove surrounding
the mouth of the second member of the joint, providing against leakage as in the
case of the vertical joint above described.
Dated 121
T

page_text: Improvements in Connections for Pipes on Railway Trains Coupled
from Carriage to Carriage.
I, ALBERTUS PHILIPPUS KAPTEYN, of The Westinghouse Brake Company Limited,
Canal Road, Kings Cross, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the Specification No. 4175 of 1883 are described connections for pipes on
railway trains, each consisting of several lengths of metallic pipe extending from
carriage to carriage and jointed together in such a manner as to allow of oscillations
of the connected carriages, the object of this arrangement being to substitute
connections of a durable character for the flexible tubing or hose usually employed,
which is liable to damage and deterioration. My present invention relates to modifi-
cations in such connections whereby they are rendered more serviceable and durable.
In order to give greater freedom of movement, especially when the connected
carriages are running along curves, and to prevent damage to the joints in the act of
coupling or uncoupling, I introduce in the fixed vertical pipe which stands up at the
end of each carriage, and which usually terminates in a bend or swan-neck, jointed to
the system of jointed pipes, an additional joint which allows these pipes to turn as on
a vertical axis, so that the system of pipes is free to oscillate horizontally as well as
vertically.
In the Specification No. 4175 of 1883 above referred to, the other joints of the
pipes are described as consisting each of two equal and similar halves held together
by two setting screws and provided at their meeting faces with two rings of packing
material. On account of the freedom given by the vertical joint above described and
the absence of lateral strain, I am enabled to simplify the construction of these other
joints, dispensing with one of the setting screws and one of the packings, using two
members of the joint which are not symmetrical.
The accompanying drawings illustrate my improvements.
Fig. 1 is a side view and Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the jointed pipes extending
from one carriage to the coupling K by which they are connected to a corresponding
set of jointed pipes extending from the next carriage. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of
the additional joint which consists of a nozzle M attached to the lower limb of the
swan neck S, inserted in a socket U attached to the upper end of the fixed vertical
pipe T. The nozzle M has a shoulder or flange on which bears a nut c screwed into
the socket, the swan neck S being thus connected to the vertical pipe as when two
pipes are connected by a union, with freedom to rotate in the socket U. To prevent
leakage at the joint, I insert in the socket a washer or ring ef of caoutchouc or
equivalent packing. This ring has an L section; its base e is clamped by being
pressed down by a washer d under the nut on to a shoulder in the socket U, and its
vertical limb projects up into a groove in the underface of the flange of the nozzle M,

page_text: so that pressure within the pipe or excess of external pressure, by causing this
limb to bear against the one side or the other of the groove, renders the joint tight
without interfering with the free rotation of the swan neck.
The clastic ring ef might in a similar manner be fixed on the nozzle and bear
against the sides of a groove formed in the socket.
The joint E consists, as before, of two members one of these having a bracket with
a setting screw as previously described, and by this screw the other member o of the
joint is pressed against the former, which has fixed in it an L shaped ring ef of
packing material. The base e of this ring is clamped by being pressed upon a
shoulder by an internal cage n held under the cap p, and the limb f of the packing
ring projects into a groove surrounding the mouth of the second member o of the
joint, providing against leakage as in the case of the vertical joint above described,
while allowing the two menibers of the joint to turn relatively to one another.
The cage is made with openings m through it to allow free passage for air.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In the set of jointed pipes forming connection from carriage to carriage of a
railway train, the construction and use of a joint in the vertical pipe of each carriage,
giving freedom for horizontal movement of the jointed pipes, substantially as herein
described.
2. In the joints of pipes connecting from carriage to carriage of a railway train,
the use of packing rings of L section having their bases clamped whilst their lips are
free within grooves, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The construction of the joint E consisting of two members one of them made
with a bracket and setting screw and an internal open cage to clamp a packing ring,
substantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of September 1887
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.