Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aor., 1889
Specification Accepted, 18th May, 1889
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
1, MORTIMER GEORGE MERRITT, of No. 291 Main Street, Springfield, Hampden
County, and State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
My invention has for its main objects the production of a small, cheap, durable,
facile and efficient Type-writing Machine.
To these ends my invention consists in the hereinafter fully described features of
construction, combination and arrangement, involving improvements in the typo, the
type-carrier, the type-guiding and impressing mechanism, the inking mechanism, the
key-board, the index-mechanism, the paper-carriage, and the paper-carriago feeding-
mechanism, etc.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a top or plan view of a type-writing machine embodying my invention.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same with the paper-carriage lifted to a vertical
position, and the key-board, etc., omitted.
Figure 3 is a top or plan view of the machine in the condition illustrated at
figure 2.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the main frame casting, with the carriage-
supporting-rail and universal-bar in position.
Figure is a front view of the index-bar and its shifting levers.
Figure 6 is a top view of the same.
Figure 7 is a top view of the index-bar and key-board detached.
Figure 8 is a front elevation of the same.
Figure 9 is a vertical section taken at the line v, v, of figure 6.
Figure 10 is a similar section taken at the line w, w, of figure 5.
Figure 11 is a detail view sectional view of the index-plate and one of its supports.
Figure 12 is a plan view of the type-carrier and type.
Figure 13 is a central vertical section of the machine.
Figure 14 is a front elevation of a portion of the machine showing the shifting
key-board and index-plate in their normal positions, the key-board being partially
broken away to show the operating keys.

page_text: •
Figure 1), is a similar view omitting some of the parts for the sake of clearness,
and showing the parts shifted for printing with upper-case type.
Figure 16 is a similar view with the machine in position for printing the numerals,
punctuation marks and signs.
Figure 17 is a detail top view showing more particularly the carriage-feeding and
type-ejecting levers.
Figure 18 is a rear elevation of the type-carrier and type.
Figure 19 is a side elevation of a single type.
Figure 20 is a vertical section of the type-carrier, its handle, the universal-
bar, etc.
Figure 21 is an enlarged top view of the type-guide and inking-roller.
Figure 22 is an enlarged vertical section of the same with the type-lifter or ejector
added.
Figure 23 is an enlarged front elevation of the type-lifter.
Figure 24 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 25 is a front elevation of the parts shown at figure 22.
Figure 26 is a front elevation to show more particularly the carriage-feeding
mechanism.
Figure 27 is a rear elevation of the same.
Figure 28 is a vertical section taken at the line a, a, of figure 26, with the paper-
carriage added, and
Figure 29 is a detail front elevation to illustrate the action of the feed-dog.
In the various views the same part will be found designated by the same numeral
of reference.
1 represents the main frame which is preferably cast in one piece and mounted upon
a bed or base-plate 2. 3 designates a trough or channel, and 4 a groove formed in
the main frame or casting. 5 is the front paper-carriage supporting-rail, which is
bent at its ends and rivetted or otherwise secured to the casting. 6 is the universal-
bar extending across the machine in front of and parallel with the casting and
provided with curved side-arms 7 which are preferably pivoted at 8 at the rear of
said casting.
9 represents the type-holder or carrier which is box-like. in form, and 10 the series
of individual type contained therein. The type-carrier is made with parallel sides, 11
and 12, and sufficiently long to receive side by side the number of type it may be
desired to provide the machine with. The rear side or wall 11 is lower than the front
side or wall 12. Each type of the series employed is formed with a transverse
groove 13 at its rear side which stands just above the upper edge of the wall 11.
These grooves are all at the same height from the bottom of the type, and when the
latter have been assembled in their holder 9, the groove runs continuous and in a
straight line from one end of the body of type to the other.
Within the trough or guide 3, and to the rear wall thereof, is soldered or otherwise
secured a plate 14, which is provided with a horizontally-arranged flange 15, extending
the whole length of the trough, but broken away at about its middle as seen at 16 for
a purpose to be presently explained. The guide 3 is of a width to accommodate the
type-carrier and permit it to be slid freely longitudinally therein. The type-carrier is
fitted into the guide by an end wise movement, and as it is passed thereinto the
flange 15 enters the continuous groove 13 in the type and thereafter serves to hold
them in the carrier at the proper level for inking and against displacement should the
machine be inverted.
At the rear side of the carrier-guide 3, and at the center of the machine, is fastened
by screws 17, a plate 18, provided with a forwardly extending portion 19 which
overhangs the type 10 in. the carrier. This overhanging portion 19 is provided
with an opening 20 about the same in size and contour as the body of the type,
and serves
to guide the type in their movements and to effect perfect alignment
of the printing.
On each side of the type-guide is arranged an inking roller 21 mounted to revolve
on an axle 22, which is made integral with a wire spring 23 fastened to the type-guide

page_text: by a screw 24, by which the inking-roller is caused to press upon the type-faces unter
tension and properly ink the same.
To the front of the type-carrier is attached a handle or means for moving the type-
carrier back and forth in its guide. This means consists preferably of a wire rod bent
angularly to form arms 25, which are jointed or pivotted at their ends in bearings 26
upon said carrier. To this rod is connected a finger-piece 27, provided with a button
or head 28, a screw 29 taking into a hub 30 of the finger-piece being the immediate
means of attachment. The button or head 28 is mounted upon a stud provided with
a circular groove 31, and a pin 32 is passed through said head and is arranged
to have its point occupy said groove, whereby the head may be freely rotated
On the under side of the finger-
upon its support without detaching therefrom.
piece is arranged a narrow plate or heel 33, which rests upon the universal-bar,
and which is adapted to actuate the same.
At the front of the machine and mounted in suitable posis or support 34, is an
index-frame or har formed with teeth 35, which are pointed at the center and
beveled outwardly and downwardly for a short distance and thereafter formed with
parallel sides.
Between said teeth are spaces 36 for the passage thereinto of the outwardly
extending arm of the finger-piece bearing the button or head. The teeth and slots
are formed in the bar for about one half of its width, or are made deep enough to
allow sufficient depression of the bandle to actuate the impression and feeding devices.
To the front of the toothed or index-bar is attached an inclined plate or key-
board 37, bearing letters, numerals, etc., corresponding to the type employed. The
characters on the key-board are arranged in two horizontal rows, the first row
containing all the letters of the alphabet, and the second or bottom row, the
There are twenty-six characters depicted
numerals, punctuation marks, signs, etc.
in each row and these are arranged in line with the twenty-six slots or depressions, 36
in the index-bar. The alphabet or top row indicates both upper and lower case
letters, and hence the entire key-board represents seventy-eight characters.
The type-carrier is provided with seventy-eight separate and independent type
arranged relatively to the key-board in the following manner :-
"
22
22
"
Beginning at the left of the carrier, the first type is large or upper case "Z,"
" and the next the sign £." The next three
the next small or lower case
The
q," and the sign "%'"
Q," lower case
type are respectively upper case
next three type are respectively upper case "," lower case "c," and the sign "$,"
and this relative arrangement is continued to the extreme right of the carrier
where the last three type are respectively upper case "X," lower case "x," and
the numeral "1."
Beneath the universal-bar 6 is arranged a lever 38 which is pivoted at 39 to
the frame-work. To the rear end of this lever is connected a vertically arranged
type-ejector or lifter 40, which slides in grooves or ways 41 in the plate or
bracket 18, and which is provided with a forwardly projecting finger or lug 42 at.
its upper end that reciprocates in a slot or opening 43, provided at the middle
of the rear wall of the type-carrier guide or trough. This finger or lug 42
stands normally in the plane of the flange 15, and in the continuous groove of the
series of type, and is adapted to raise and lower that particular type with which
it may be in engagement at the time of depression of the lever 38, which latter
may be provided with a spring as 44, for returning it to its first position.
45 designates a bracket screwed to the base-plate, in which are mounted upon a
0 common pivot or fulcrum 46, three levers 47, 48, and 49, underlying the key-board.
The lever 47 is provided with a pin 50, which extends rearwardly beneath the
lovers 48 and 49 (through notches on the under sides or edges thereof) and into a
notch or cutaway 5.1 in the index-bar. The bar, at the notch 51 is beveled inwardly
from its lower edge at each side as seen at 52 and 53. Above the notch 51 and
5 communicating therewith is another notch 54, which is square or rectangular, and
into which the pin 50 is normally seated by a spring 55 pressing up on the under side
of the lever 47.
•

page_text: The lever 48 is provided at one end with a projecting head or finger piece 56,
bearing the inscription "CAP'S," signifying that it is the capital letter shift-key.
The inner or opposite end of this lever or key is provided with a rearwardly
extending pin 57, which is adapted to vibrate into a notch 58 and into the square
notch 59 leading therefrom. The defining walls 60, and 61 of the notch 58, are
bevelled or slanted in a manner similar to those of the notch 51.
The lever 49 is provided at its outer end with a projecting finger-piece 62, inscribed
in two lines "FIG'S" and "CHAR'S," denoting that said lever is the shift-key for
the figures or numerals, punctuation marks, and characters other than the letters
of the alphabet. At the inner end of the lever 49 is provided a pin 63, which
projects rearwardly in line with the notch 58, and which normally stands forward or
to the left of the pin 57.
Springs 64 and 65, assist the return of the levers 48 and 49 to first position after
having been actuated.
In the normal position of the levers 48 and 49, their inner
arms are depressed, and the pins 57 and 63 are in position to engage respectively
with the inclined walls 60 and 61. of the index-bar. When the levers 48 and 49 are
in their normal position the pin 50 stands in engagement with the square notch 54,
and the index-bar and key-board are held in place against movement in either
direction. In the normal position of the levers 47, 48 and 49, the machine is adapted
to print in lower case or small letters.
If it be desired to print the word "cat" in lower case letters, the type-carrier,
by means of the handle, is moved until the heel or key 33, comes opposite the slot
or depression 36, in line with the letter "e" on the key-board, which movement of
the carrier will bring the lower case type "e" in line or register with the type-
guide 19. The handle may then be depressed and the heel or key 33 caused to
enter the slot or depression 36, whereby the type-carrier is locked positively in
position, and the printing of the selected type only insured. As the handle is
depressed the universal-bar 6 is carried down, and striking upon the forward arm
of the lever 38 raises its rear arm and with it the ejector or plunger 40, which
lifts the "e" type through the guide 19 until its character is impressed upon the
paper previously arranged upon the platen. When the handle is released, the
spring 44 returns it, the universal-bar, the lever 38, the type-ejector and the type
all to their initial positions. During the return of these parts to their normal
positions the paper-carriage is fed to the left a letter-space distance by any suitable
connections with the universal bar, but preferably by the means hereinafter fully
set forth.
When the handle has been brought to point to the letter "e" on the key-board,
the printing may be effected without engaging it with the index-plate (although I
prefer to do so in order to center and steady the carrier) by actuating the lever 38
directly, or through the intervention of the universal-bar 6.
Having printed the letter "e" and fed the carriage to the left a letter-space
distance, the type-carrier is then moved towards the left until the handle points to
the letter "a 59 on the key-board, when this letter may be printed by proceeding as
just described. To print the letter "t" then move the carrier to the right until
that character on the key-board is reached by the handle and the lower case
type "t" is brought in line by the guide 19, or to the printing point. Then
project said type against the paper in the manner before explained.
If it be desired to print the word "eat" in capital letters, simply press down the
finger-piece 6, and while holding it with one hand proceed with the other to print
as before.
When the finger-piece 56 is depressed, the pin 50 on the lever 47 is forced down
out of the notches 51 and 54, and simultaneously the pin 57 is forced up into the
notch 59. On its way up in said notch the pin 57 rides or bears against the bevelled
wall or cam edge 61 and pushes the index-bar and key-board to the right, the distance
of one type space; the index-bar being provided with two slots 66 and 67 which
embrace pins 68 on the posts or supports 34. Hence, when it is desired to print the
letters with the key-board thus shifted, the handle or key 33 must be moved to

page_text: the right a little further (a distance equal to the width of a type) than was necessary
when the finger-piece 56 was in its normal position to permit printing in lower
case letters, in order to have the handle or key 33 come in line or register with
the letters marked on the key-board. This movement of the handle to the right
to effect a register effects also a movement (in the same direction and to the same
extent) of the type-carrier, thus bringing to the printing point the next type to
the left of the one which would be acted upon if the key-board were left in its
normal condition. Inasmuch as in the normal condition of the machine only lower
case letters are printed, and inasmuch as immediately in front or to the left of each
lower case letter is arranged its upper-case letter, it follows that when the key-board
is shifted to the right as above explained and is held there, the upper-case letters or
capitals will be operated upon or caused to print.
When the pressure upon the finger-piece 56 is released the spring returns it to
first position. In returning the pin 57 leaves the notch 59, and the pin 50 ascending
comes in contact with the inclined wall 52 and shifts the index-bar and key-board
back to first position.
If it be desired to imprint the numerals, or punctuation marks or signs, the finger-
key 62 is depressed and the lever 49 vibrated. As the outer arm of said lever is pushed
down the pin 50 is carried with it out of the notch 54, and as the inner arm of said
lever rises the pin 63 moves against the beveled wall 60 and forces the key-board and
index-bar to the left of their normal positions a distance of one type space. Hence,
to reach the slot or depression in the index-bar which is opposite to the character it is
desired to print, the landle and the type-carrier must be moved to the left of the
normal position of the key-board a distance equal to said type-space, which movement
will enable the type bearing the numerals, punctuation marks and signs to be brought
in line with the printing point since they are arranged in the carrier to the right of
the lower case letters. When the finger-key 62 is released the spring returns it to
first position and the pin 63 is carried down and out of the slots 59 aud 58.
same time the pin 50 ascends and acting against the beveled wall 53 pushes the key-
board and index-bar to the right and to their normal positions.
At the
In practice it will be understood that the arrangement of type within the carrier is
such that the 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th 19th, 22nd, 25th, 28th, 31st, 34th, 37th,
40th, 43rd, 46th, 49th, 52ud, 55th, 58th, 61st, 64th, 67th, 70th, 73rd, and 76th type is a
capital or upper case letter; that the 2nd, 5th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th, 23rd, 26th,
29th, 32nd, 35th, 38th, 41st, 44th, 47th, 50th, 53rd, 56th, 59th, 62nd, 65th, 68th,
71st, 74th, 77th, type is a small or lower case letter; and that the 3rd, 6th, 9th,
12th, 15th, 18th, 21st, 24th, 27th, 30th, 33rd, 36th, 39th, 42nd, 45th, 48th, 51st, 54th,
57th, 60th, 63rd, 66th, 69th, 72nd, 75th, 78th, type is a numeral, punctuation mark
or other sign.
But this arrangement may of course be varied so that either the lower-case letters
or the numerals or punctuation marks start at "1" (one) instead of the capital letters,
and so on reversing the order of the several divisions throughout the body of type.
While I prefer to attach the index-bar to the key-board it may so far as some of
the features of my invention are concerned be made separate therefrom, and be
arranged to reinain stationary; in which event, of course, there should be provided
as many slots or depressions as there are type in the machine. By having the index-
bar and key-board connected to move together I am enabled to dispense with
fifty-two slots or depressions, and consequently am permitted to have larger or wider
slots or depressions in a given length of index-bar, thus not only cheapening the
manufacture and facilitating the operation and speed of the machine but rendering
the work less trying to the eyes of the operator. In practice the type bodies are
made one-ninth of an inch in width, and the distance between the points of the
teeth of the index-bar one-third of an inch, but these dimensions may of course be
changed.
By having the key-board arranged to be shifted, for the fifty-two type embracing
the upper and lower case letters of the alphabet, I am enabled to dispense with the
portrayal of twenty-six characters, and hence the letters may be made larger, and

page_text: -
the work of the operator thus facilitated; and by reason of the adaptability of the
key-board to be shifted as explained, 1 am enabled to arrange the numerals and
punctuation marks and signs in a row parallel with that containing the alphabet.
and thus considerably curtail the length of the key-board.
It will be understood that instead of forming the index or centering and holding
means as slots with wide mouths as shown, the same may be formed as countersinks
or depressions in the manner of previous machines, in which event in lieu of using the
bar-key 33 herein shown, a pin or its equivalent may be employed.
"
At figure 14 the key-board and index-bar and their actuating keys or levers are
shown in their normal positions, and the machine is arranged to print in lower case
letters.
At figure 15 the "figures" and "characters" key 62 is omitted to avoid confusion
and the upper case shift-key shown in working position.
At figure 16 the "capitals" key 56 is omitted to afford a better view, and the
figures" and "characters" shift key 62 shown in working position. At figure 15
the shift is shown as having been made to the right, and in figure 16 as having been
made to the left.
The paper-carriage is composed of front and rear rods numbered respectively,
69 and 70, and end-bars 71 and 72, in which latter is journaled to rotate the
usual rubber-covered platen or impression cylinder 73. The back-rod 70 is mounted
to turn in bearings or yokes 74, to the rear sides of which is fastened a feed-rack 75.
These yokes are provided in front with downwardly extending portions 76, having
rearwardly projection lugs or pins 77, which are fitted to slide in the groove 4 in
the casting or main frame, and thus guide the carriage at its rear side as well as
prevent any rotation of the yokes and feed rack. The front rod 69 of the carriage
is provided with a small wheel or roller 78 which travels upon the guide-rail 5, and
supports the front side of the carriage. Said rod is also provided near each end with
paper-guides each made from a single piece of metal and bent to partially surround
the platen above and below the front rod 69. Each of said paper-guides is formed
with two hooks 79, (which are soldered or otherwise secured to the rod 69), with a
downwardly and rearwardly extending plate 80, and with an upwardly and rearwardly
projecting arm 81, which devices serve to guide the side edges of the paper being
written upon up, over and rearwardly of the platen during the rotation of the same.
Near the back carriage-rod, and between it and the platen is arranged another rod 82,
which is fastened to the end bars of the carriage-frame. Upon this rod 82,
is mounted a combined paper-table and pressure-bed or plate. These devices are
preferably made of one sheet or piece of metal cut out to provide eyes or bearings 83
for the accommodation of the rod 82, which serves as a pivot or pintle for said
combined paper-table and pressure-bed. The paper-table is marked with the
numeral 84 and the pressure bed with 85; the former extends upwardly and rear-
wardly of the rod 82, and the latter downwardly and forwardly thereof, and in
contact with the platen. Coiled springs 86 are provided to force the pressure-plate
hard against the platen, in order that when paper is introduced between the platen
and pressure-plate it may be held forcibly and prevented from moving out of position
accidentally, while at the same time it may be capable of being fed or carried forward
or backward by simply rotating the platen. The pressure-plate is preferably cut out
to form a series of fingers as shown, but may if desired be left solid or continuous.
The platen-shaft or axis is provided with a knurled hand-wheel 87 for rotating the
platen, and with a notched wheel 88 with which engages a spring dog or check 89
for holding the platen steady during the time of writing. The notches in the wheel 88
are made rounded or curved and the under surface of the dog or check is made to
correspond so that the platen may be readily turned against the same in either direction
by the hand of the operator.
To the rear side of a bracket or support 90 is pivoted a bent or bell-crank
lever 91, to the upwardly extending arm of which is pivoted at 92 one end of an
obliquely arranged connecting-link 93 whose opposite end is pivoted at 94 to the
upper end of a vibratory dog-holder or carrier 95, which is supported or pivoted
.

page_text: at 96 to the front side of the bracket 90. 97 designates the feed-dog which is
preferably made integral or of a piece with its carrier 95. Said dog is arranged to
The
project below the carrier and to engage with the teeth of the bar or rack 75.
carriage is slotted out as seen at 98 and 99, the slot 98 embracing the pin or pivot 96,
which is screwed into the bracket 90, which contains also a forwardly projecting pin
or stud 100, that is arranged within the wider slot 99 of the dog-carrier or frame.
To the longer horizontally arranged arm of the bent lever 91 is attached one end of
a connecting-rod 101 whose lower end is connected to the rear end of a lever 102
which is fulcrumed at 10 in the frame work of the machine and extended forward
beneath the universal-bar 6. Fulcrumed at 104 in the frame work is another lever 105
whose front end is provided with a finger-piece or head 106, and whose rear end is
provided with a pin or projection 107, which rests against the under side of the
lever 102. A coiled spring 10s is connected at one end to the base or frame work,
and at its other end to the horizontal arm of the bent lever 91, which is notched as
shown at 109 at different points in order that the tension of the feed may be increased
or decreased at pleasure. Said coiled spring is employed to drive the carriage and to
normally hold the feed-dog in engagement with the rack.
Either the lever 102 which is connected to the universal-bar, or the lever 105 which
is the space-key for spacing between words is adapted to actuate the feed mechanism.
If the lever 102 be depressed by the universal-bar, at its front end, the elevation
of its rear end will raise the connecting rod 101 and the bent lever 91 will be
vibrated against the tension of the spring 108. As the vertical arm of the bent lever
swings to the right, the dog-carrier and dog are moved in the same direction, by
means of the connecting-link 93, and the carrier or frame is caused to turn and back
about the pin 96 as indicated by the dotted lines at figure 29, thus lifting the dog 97 from
the rack and moving it back opposite the next succeeding notch therein. As soon as
the pressure is removed from the lever 102, the spring 108 returns it and all the
moving parts to their first positions, and at the same time the carriage is fed to the
left one notch or letter-space distance. During the return movement of the bent
lever 91 the dog engages with the rack again, and as its carrier is slid forward, under
the influence of the spring 108, the rack and the carriage, are caused to move to the
left the distance of one letter-space.
If the space-key 105 be depressed at its outer end the pin 107 will lift the rear end
of the lever 102 and actuate the feeding devices in the manner above explained.
The space-key 105 remains stationary when the feed of the carriage is being effected
by the universal-bar through the lever 102.
In the normal position of the dog-carrier the right hand end and lower side of the
slot 98 rest against the fulcrum and guide pin 96, and the left hand upper corner of
the carrier bears against a projection or pin 110, which serves as a stop to the forward
movement of the carrier, while the upper side of the slot 99 rests upon the pin 100,
the feed-log 97 being engaged with the rack, all as shown. As the vertical arm of
the bent lever 91 and the link 93 start to the right, the dog-carrier is rocked about
the pivot 96 sufficiently to lift the dog from the rack without dragging on the tooth
immediately in its rear and while the dog is elevated it is slid or carried to the right
the distance of one tooth. When the dog has been carried to this position the left
hand end of the slot 98 has been brought to bear against the pin 96, and the lower
side of the slot 99 has been raised to touch the pin 100. As soon as the vertical arm
of the bent lever starts to the left the dog drops behind the succeeding tooth of
the rack and as the carrier moves to the left by the action of the spring 108, the
dog pushes the rack and the carriage in the same direction until the stop 110 has
been reached or until the right hand end of the slot 99 has come in contact with
the pivot pin 96. The pin 10 serves to limit the raising of the dog and operates
also in conjunction with its slot and the pin 96 and its slot, to guide the carrier and
cause it and the dog to move in a right line when the paper-carriage is being fed.
Paper is placed upon the platen by passing it down between the paper-table and
the platen until the leading edge of the sheet is stopped by the forward ends of the
pressure-fingers which normally press against the platen at their tips or free ends.

page_text: The platen is then rotated and the paper clinging thereto is fed forward against the
pressure of the fingers or plate to the desired extent. The pressure-fingers being
irade integral with the paper-table (which latter stands away from the platen) and
curving therefrom down and under and against the platen for its whole length, form a
perfect guide for the introduction of the paper to printing position.
In manifolding, or where a number of sheets of paper are placed in the machine,
the operator should pull forward slightly upon the upper portion of the paper-table,
and thus throw the pressure-fingers back or away from the platen against the
tension of the ceiled springs 86; the combined paper-table and pressure fingers
vibrating as a lever about the rod 82 as a pivot or fulcrum. While thus vibrated
the paper may be introduced to position and the paper-table then released to allow
the pressure-fingers to press against the pile of paper to hold the same and to assist
in the line-space feeding thereof.
The paper having been arranged in place the printing or writing may be proceeded
with. The operator grasping the handle of the type-carrier may move the latter
back or forth in its guide-way until the type which it is desired to print shall have
been brought opposite to or in line with the guide-opening 20. The lever 38 is
then to be actuated to lift or project such type from its carrier through the guide-
opening and impress the ink thereon (previously obtained from its movement under
and against the inking rollers) upon the paper partially surrounding the platen. As
the rear. end of the lever 38 is raised the ejector or plunger 40 is slid upward in its
guide-way, and the finger or projection 42 which lies within the groove 13 in the type to
be actuated, is caused to force said type out beyond its fellows through the guide and
impress its face against the paper. Upon releasing the pressure on the lever 38, the
spring 44 operates to return it to normal position thereby effecting also the
recession of the ejector and the type with which it is in engagement. Each type
is beveled on one side as shown in order that it may readily return to its place
in the carrier. As the type stand side by side and close together the ejection of
one type has a tendency to raise, by friction, the type on opposite sides thereof,
which raising if permitted to occur, would be detrimental to the operation of the
machine and the life of the type.
This tendency of the contiguous type to move with the one selected is prevented
effectually by the flange 15 running lengthwise of the carrier-guide-way and extending
to the slot or opening 43 therein on both sides.
The lever 38 is preferably actuated by the handle through the univeral-bar, but it
may be operated directly, or by a depression of the universal-bar, independent of the
handle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a type-writing machine the combination with a guide-way, of a frame or holder
containing a row of independent type and adapted to be moved back and forth in said
guide-way by means of a handle extending from said frame or holder; substantially
as described.
2. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a guide-way and a type-ejector,
of a type-carrier having a row of independent type, and provided with a handle.
3. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a type carrier having a row of
independent type, a type-ejector, and a type-guide overhanging the type at the
impression point.
4. In a type-writing machine the combination with a guide-way and a flange, as 15,
of a type-carrier having a row of independent type each of which is provided with a
groove.
5. In a type-writing machine the combination with a guide-way having a notch or
opening as 43, of a typo-carrior having a row of independent type, each provided with
a groove, and a type-ejector provided with a finger or lug engaging the groove of
the type.

page_text: a row of
6. In a type-writing machine the combination of a type-carrier having
independent type, a universal-bar connected with a carriage feed mechanism a type-
ejector, and a lever for operating the same extending out and beneath the universal-bar.
7. In a type-writing machine the combination of a type-carrier having a row of
independent type, of a type-ejector and an index or holding means for maintaining
the type-carrier in position during the ejection of the type.
8. In a type-writing machine the combination of a guide-way, a type-carrier having
independent type, an ejector, and an overhanging type-guide.
9. In a type-writing machine, a type-carrier containing a row of independent type,
each type of the row having its body grooved at the same locality so as to present a
continuous groove along the entire row.
10. In a type-writing machine the combination of a movable row of type, and a
shiftable or movable key-board.
11. In a type-writing machine the combination of a movable row of type and a
shiftable or movable index-bar or plate.
12. In a type-writing machine the combination of a movable row of type and a
combined shiftable or movable index-bar or plate and key-board.
13. In a type-writing machine the combination of a reciprocatory type-carrier
containing a row of type, a movable or shiftable index-bar or plate having a less
number of slots or depressions than the aggregate number of type, and a key for
engaging said slots or depressions.
14. In a type-writing machine the combination of a reciprocatory type-carrier
containing a row of type, a movable or shiftable index-bar or plate, a locking key, and
a movable or shiftable key-board, the latter having twice as many character as the
index-bar or plate has notches or depressions, and a type-carrier having three times
as many type as there are notches or depressions in the index-bar or plate.
15. In a type-writing machine the combination of a reciprocatory type-carrier
containing a row of type, and a key-board adapted to be shifted to the right and left
of its normal position.
16. In a type-writing machine the combination of a reciprocatory type-carrier, a
locking-key and an index-bar or plate adapted to be shifted to the right and left of
its normal position.
17. In a type-writing machine, as a shifting means, the combination of a bar or
plate having notches with inclined walls, and a series of operating levers provided with
pins or lugs adapted to engage with said inclined walls; whereby the bar or plate may
be shifted to the right of its normal position, and returned, and also to the left of its
normal position and returned.
18. In a type-writing machine the combination with a paper-carriage and a feed
rack, of a dog-carrier adapted both to turn and slide, whereby the dog is lifted from
one notch of the rack and carried back to the succeeding notch thereof to drive the
paper-carriage a letter-space distance on the return of the dog-carrier to its first
position.
19. In a type-writing machine the combination with a paper-carriage having a rack,
of a dog-carrier adapted both to turn and slide, and means substantially as described,
for actuating said dog-carrier.
20. In a type-writing machine the combination with a platen of a paper-table and
pressure-bed or plate made in one piece.
Dated this sed '
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.