Improvements in Injectors.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st June, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Injectors.
I HENRY HOPKINSON, Station Street, Nottingham, Iron Merchant and Brass
Founder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
Each injector I construct with two or more inlets and two or more outlets,
And instead of
provided interiorly with a fixed or adjustable cone to admit steam.
employing separate suction, force, and delivery cones, the cones are cast in one
piece, fixed or adjustable the adjacent ends of the suction and force cones being
surrounded by a circular or other shaped chamber provided with one or more
outlets, each closed by a valve plate.
Injectors so constructed may be worked by steam direct from the boiler, or by
the exhaust steam.
Dated this 92nd day of Sentember 1891
H. W. GOUGH, C.E.,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Injectors.
I HENRY HOPKINSON, Station Street Nottingham Iron Merchant and Brass
Founder do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 12 and 3 show longitudinal sectional views of three liquid injectors which
be worked by steam direct from a boiler.
may
Figures 1A, 1B, 24, 2B, 34 and 3B show seperate portions of the three injectors
each severally referred to hereafter.
Figure 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a liquid injector which may be
worked by exhaust steam from a boiler.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 show seperate portions of the fourth injector each
severally referred to hereafter.
I construct each of the injectors shown at Figures 1 and 2 with an outer case A
forming three interior chambers A', A³, A*. The chamber A' is supplied with
liquid through an inlet cock 1 leading from a well or reservoir. The chamber A'
has a screw threaded outlet orifice 2 which may be provided with a length of pipe
to lead the overflow liquid where required. The chamber A surrounds the lower
portion of a delivery cone E and is provided with an outlet 3 through which the
liquid may be injected, B an inlet cone supplied with steam direct from a boiler,
Ca suction cone the upper end of which is circular and tightly fits into the upper
flange of the chamber A¹ of the outer case.
The lower part of the circular portion is of larger diameter than the upper end
and tightly fits the interior flange of the case forming the division between the
chambers A' and A².
The circular portion within the chamber A' is partly cut away at opposite sides
to form two inlet orifices C' shown in cross section at Figure 1ª and in side view at
Figure 24, through which liquid is admitted. The upper end of 'the circular
.

page_text: portion is screw threaded interiorily to allow of the adjustment of the inlet cone B
within it.
D is a force cone, E a delivery cone, F a two armed nut provided with a slotted
bridle F1 "shown in plan at Figure 1B" which engages with a groove_near the
lower end of the delivery coue E. By which the cones C, D and E may be
adjusted to the position shown at Figures 1 and 2 or by which they may be with-
drawn for examination without having to remove the outer case of the injector. A
circular chamber G surrounds the adjacent ends of the suction and force cones C
and D, portion of this chamber is cut away at one side "as shown at Figure 1
at opposite sides "as shown at Figure 2 to form overflow outlets G¹ each closed
by a valve plate G².
or
Figure 2 shows a side view of the circular portion of the cone C with its inlet
orifices C' the chamber G with its overflow outlets G¹ and the cones B, C and D
in their relative positions and Figure 2B shows an outer view of one of the valve
plates G².
His a chamber provided with perforations H₁ between the cones D and E for
further relieving the cones C and D of liquid. The exterior of the chamber H is
flanged at its lower end and tightly fits the interior flange of the case forming the
division between the chambers A and A³.
The action of the injectors shown at Figures 1 and 2 is as follows:-The liquid
cock 1 is opened then steam is turned on passing through the cone B into and
through the cones C and D as it passes from the cone C to D it fills the
surrounding chamber G and lifts the valve plate or plates G and passes through
the outlet or outlets G¹ into the chamber A2 of the outer case A escaping through
the outlet orifice 2. Portion of the steam also escapes through the perforations H¹
in the chamber H.
The rush of steam produces a vacuum in the chamber A¹ causing it to be filled
with liquid through the cock 1 the liquid being forced by the jet of steam through
the cones C and D to and through the delivery cone É into the chamber A³ and
out to where required through the outlet 3.
As the liquid is forced by the steam jet through the cone Cit forms a vacuum in
the chambers G and H causing the valve plate or plates G' to close and air to rush
into the chamber H through the perforations H¹.
"
By arranging the parts as above described an injector is produced which if
stopped by concussion or an impediment in the delivery pipe "if steam is kept on
will automatically restart itself upon the impediment being removed.
Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of a liquid injector having an outer case A
forming two chambers A¹ A³. The chamber A¹ is supplied with liquid through an
inlet pipe 1 leading from a well or reservoir, B an inlet cone supplied with steam
direct from a boiler, C is a cone provided at about the centre of its length with
one or more overflow outlets at the side each closed by a loose valve plate Č¹ shown
at Figures 3 and 3B a side view of the cone C is shown at Figure 3A without the
valve plate, when the valve plate is closed it forms portion of the cone C. The
lower end of the cone B and the upper end of the cone C is surrounded by
the chamber A' of the outer case, the chamber A which surrounds the lower
portion of the cone C has a screw threaded outlet orifice 2 which may be provided
with a length of pipe to lead the overflow where required.
Below the cone C is a chamber D provided with perforations D¹ for further
relieving the cones B and C of liquid. Within the chamber D is a delivery cone E
screw threaded at its lower end to allow of adjustment, through which the liquid
may be injected.
Below the perforations D' the cone C is screw threaded exteriorily and provided
with a flange C below the flange the cone is formed with six or eight sides by
which it may be screwed into the lower end of the outer case, or by which it may
be withdrawn for examination without having to remove the outer case.
The upper and lower ends of the outer case are screw threaded exteriorily to
:

page_text: receive interiorily screw threaded and flanged nuts by which the injector may be
connected to the ends of a steam pipe B' and delivery pipe E¹.
The action of the injector shown at Figure 3 is as follows:-
The liquid inlet pipe 1 being open steam is turned on passing through the cone B
into and through the cones C and E, as it passes into the cone C it lifts the valve
plate into the position shown by the dotted lines in the chamber A2 at Figure 3,
passing into the chamber A' and escaping through the outlet 2. Portion of the
steam also escapes through the perforations D in the chamber D. The rush of
steam produces a vacuum in the chamber A' causing it to be filled with liquid
through the inlet pipe 1, the liquid being forced by the jet of steam through the
cone C to and through the delivery cone E and delivery pipe El to where required.
As the liquid is forced by the steam jet through the cone C it forms a vacuum in
the chambers A1 A2 and D, closing the valve plate C³ to form portion of the cone C
and air to rush into the chamber D through the perforations D¹.
By arranging the parts as above described an injector is produced which if
stopped by concussion or an impediment in the delivery pipe, if steam is kept on,
will automatically restart itself upon the impediment being removed.
Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section of a liquid injector which may be worked
by exhaust steam. Each injector consists of the following parts. An outer case A
forming three interior chambers A' A' A' the chamber A¹ is supplied with liquid
through an inlet 1 leading from a tank or other vessel higher than the injector.
The chamber A has a screw threaded outlet orifice 2 which may be provided with
a length of pipe to lead the overflow liquid where required.
The chamber A surrounds the lower portion of a delivery cone E and is provided
with an outlet 3 through which the liquid may be injected. B an inlet cone
supplied with exhaust steam this cone rests in and tightly fits a seat formed in the
upper flange of the outer case in which it is held by a packing of leather or other
suitable substance B¹ placed between the flange of the case and the flange B2 of a
screw threaded flange to connect it to one end of the exhaust steam pipe. C is a
suction cone which tightly fits the interior flange of the case forming the division
between the chambers A and A2, this cone receives the exhaust steam and liquid.
The lower end of the cone within the chamber A² is screw threaded interiorily to
receive a force cone D, the cones C and D are made with enlarged diameter
according to requirements. The cone D has one or more rows of perforations d,
"two such rows are shown in cross section at Figures 7 and 8" these perforations
relieve the cones C and D of liquid.
The force cone D is formed in the upper end of a hollow cylinder F screw
threaded interiorily at about the centre of its length in which a delivery cone E is
capable of adjustment vertically.
Below the cone C a chamber G is formed which surrounds the adjacent ends of
the suction and force cones C and D this chamber has one or more outlets G', the
number depending upon the size of the injector, only one is shown at Figures 4
and 5. Each outlet is covered by a valve plate G' shown in section and side view
at Figures 4 and 6.
Below the cone D the cylinder F forms a chamber H provided with perforations h
shown in cross section at Figure 9 which further relieve the cones C and D of
liquid.
The chamber A' of the outer case surrounds the chamber G below the cone C,
and the chamber H in the cylinder F.
The chamber A³ is screw threaded interiorily at its lower end to receive the
outer screw threaded and flanged part of the cylinder F which is closed by a screw
threaded nut F, the upper end of the cylinder tightly fits the interior flange of the
case forming the division between the chambers A and A³ the latter surrounding
the central length of the cylinder F provided with vertical perforations F' shown
in cross section at Figure 10 through which the liquid escapes into the chamber A*
and out to where required through the outlet 3.

page_text: The action of the injector shown at Figure is the same as for the injectors
shown at Figures 1 and 2 except that it is worked by exhaust steam instead of
steam direct from a boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. For arranging the cones C, D, and E and the surrounding chamber G in
injectors as shown at Figures 1. 2 and 4 whereby the cones and chamber G may
be withdrawn for examination or repairs without removing the outer case A.
2. The employment in injectors of a loose valve plate or plates C' each forming
portion of a cone C as shown at Figure 3 which may be withdrawn for examination
or repairs without removing the outer case A.
Dated this Twentieth day of June 1892