Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres, and in Rims therefor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 14th Aug., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres, and in Rims therefor.
I, FRANZ KALINA, of Postoloprty, Bohemia, in the Empire of Germany, Manager
of Mines, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in pneumatic tyres for the
wheels of velocipedes and other road vehicles.
According to my invention I form the pneumatic tyre of a number of separate and
independent seginents, which are placed inside the outer cover; and I form the outer
cover either in segments or in one endless piece. The inner segments are formed
with hemispherical convex and concave meeting ends, or with square butt meeting
ends. An annular air chamber is formed in the rim, from which the air gains access
to each of the inner pneumatic segments. But, if preferred, two or more separate air
chambers may be formed in the rim, and corresponding valves and air passages may
be fitted, leading to the segments.
And in order that ny said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a section of the improved tyre, complete. Fig. 2 is a section showing the
cover detached from the rim. Fig. 3 is a part longitudinal section of my improved
tyre.
Fig. 4 is a transverse section, and Fig. 5 a longitudinal section, illustrating the
modification in which the tyre is formed of an endless piece, and Figs. 6 and 7 are
detail views, Fig. 6 showing a method of attaching the segment to the air chamber,
and Fig. 7 being a plan view of the same.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a a¹ is the outer tyre, shown formed in segments,
each segment being cemented or solutioned to its corresponding segmental portion bb'
of the pneumatic tyre, the extent of the adhesion being indicated at t in Figs. 1 and 2.
The rim is provided with an annular air-chamber f, on each side of which is an
annular space for securing the ribbed edges of the outer tyre b b¹, as shown in
Figs. 1 and 4. In connection with the air chamber f, and under each segment 6 b¹ a
perforated screw p is fitted, the perforation i forming a communication between the
pneumatic segments b b¹ and the chamber f, as shown. c is a nut having circular
flanges h h (shown enlarged in Fig. 6) between which flanges the edges of the
pneumatic segments are held and secured; a rubber ring r, or analogous device, is
(preferably) used for securing an air-tight joint.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5 it is unnecessary to cement the inner
segments b b to the outer tyre a, the latter being in one single piece. In this figure
the segments are shown square ended, but they may be formed as shown in Fig. 3.
Air is pumped into the air-chamber f through an ordinary valve j, whereby the
chamber f and the whole of the pneumatic segments are filled with compressed air.
I sometimes mount several valves j upon the rim, as a precaution in case of
accident, and the air-chamber f may be divided so as to form two or more separate
chambers.

page_text: The spokes n may (preferably) be fitted to an annular plate e, soldered to, or
formed in one with the rim. Also the air-chamber f inay be formed with or attached
to the rim, as preferred.
By my improvements the effect of a puncture is confined to the particular seginent
punctured, whilst in the usual arrangement of pneumatic tyres the whole is damaged
by a puncture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in pneumatic tyres, substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. In pneumatic tyres for the purposes aforesaid, the combination of an outer
segmental cover a a', inner pneumatic segmental chambers cemented or solutioned to
the segments of the outer cover; perforated screw nipples communicating with an
annular air chamber f integral with the rim; nuts c and flanges hh, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. In pneumatic tyres for the purposes aforesaid, the combination of an endless
outer cover a, inner pneumatic segmental chambers, multiple perforated screw
nipples, nuts, and corresponding, chambers integral with the rim, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated 27th October 1896
GEO.
DOWNING,
8 Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.