Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Nov., 1888
We, JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT, of 18 Southampton Street, Bloomsbury, London,
Electrician, and JOHN MOORE of 95 Barry Road, East Dulwich, Journalist, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to that class of step by step printing telegraphs generally
known as "ticker" or "tape" machines and usually employed for the dissemination
of stock quotations or news. These machines are practically automatic and are
worked 15 or 20 in a circuit from a transmitting or central station. The impression
is usually made on a continuous tape or band, the tape falling into a basket or other
receptacle, all but the last few words being thus lost to view.
Besides not being readily visible the tape often becomes tangled and as a result
torn.
It has also been proposed to use automatic printing telegraphs which will print
in lines on a web or sheet of any desired width much after the fashion of the type
writer; the sheet rising before the eye, so that all the matter on it may be in plain
view and readily comprehended.
We accomplish this result by employing two simple clockworks independent of
each other but in a common frame; a type wheel which has both a rotary and lateral
motion a ratchet and pawl for feeding the type wheel and devices for releasing the
same; a unison point on the type wheel shaft which besides bringing the type wheel
to a fixed position at the same time releases it from its ratchet allowing it to return
to its first position and feeding the web of paper one step forward.
The type wheel, as in the ordinary machines, is revolved by means of an escape-
ment on its shaft which is governed by pallets attached to a vibrating magnet. It
thus obtians its rotary motion.
This type wheel is not, however, fixed to its shaft but slides thereon on a sleeve
or collar, lengthwise, but turning with the shaft because of a groove or slot and
kav

page_text: Loosely attached to this collar is a fork having its base resting in a slide attached
to which is a ratchet device which is actuated by the printing or impression magnet,
so that a movement of the armature of the said magnet, always moves the fork, and
with it the type wheel, one step sideways, until a certain point is reached (the unison
point) when the ratchet thrown out of gear and the type wheel by means of a
weight or spring returns to its first position on the shaft.
This being what is known as a * one wire machine" the vibrating magnet which
revolves the type-wheel, and the neutral magnet which effects the printing, governs
the unison mechanism, feeds the paper and releases the type wheel ratchet are both
in the same circuit. The vibrating magnet is polarized, therefore sensitive and rapid
in its action the neutral magnet is comparatively slow and acts only when the
current is prolonged by means of a slight pause.
In order to feed the paper properly-we have connected the roller around which it
passes to one of the clockworks above referred to either by gearing or otherwise--
when it is desired to feed the paper one step upward this clockwork is released for au
instant by means of a ratchet actuated by a pin on the type wheel shaft which pin is
so fixed as to agree with the unison point, or blank point, therefore the feeding of the
paper the movement of the type wheel along its shaft to an initial position, and the
bringing of the type wheel, or, in the case of many instruments in a circuit, of all
the wheels to a given position are accomplished at the same instant.
That is, supposing the unison is accomplished (as is now done) in three revolutions
of the type wheel the moment the printing or impression magnet acts, the paper
feeds, the type wheel is forced home and the transmitting operator has everything
ready to begin a new line.
The roller carrying the paper is placed in close proximity to and facing the type
wheel. At each movement of the printing magnet this roller is pressed against the
particular letter presented to its, or the paper's, surface. The backward or reverse
movement of printing or neutral magnet acting on the ratchet and pawl then moves
the type wheel one step along its shaft, and the letter is presented and printed and so
on until the end of the line is reached, or until the machine is driven to
when the wheel presenting a blank space to the paper and being released from its
ratchet returns to its first position.
"
unison
29
In our machine we have also adopted a new form of vibrating magnet-a solenoid
which gives an enormous improvement in speed.
It is composed of a single fixed helix with a core passing loosely through it. The
core is pivotted at the lower end, its upper end being faced by the poles of a powerful
permanent magnet and carrying the scape pallets or anchor which engage with the
teeth of the escapement wheel. Adjusting screws are provided to regulate the
vibrations of the core which core in this case performs the functions of an
armature.
The permanent magnet can be fixed at its neutral point the poles being sprung
into their proper position by screws fixed to the frame of the instrument for the
purpose.
Dated 1:00 1 1
1004

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
We, JOHN EDWARD WRIGHT, of 18 Southampton Street, Bloomsbury, London,
Electrician, and JOHN MOORE of 95 Barry Road, East Dulwich, Journalist, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our improvements relate to that class of step by step printing telegraphs generally
known as "ticker" or "tape" machines and usually employed for the dissemination
of stock quotations or news. These machines are practically automatic and any
desired number of them are worked in a circuit from a transmitting or central
station. The impression is usually made on a continuous tape or band, the tape
falling into a basket or other receptacle, all but the last few words being thus lost
to view.
Besides not being readily visible the tape often becomes tangled and as ગી
result torn.
It has also been proposed to use automatic printing telegraphs which will print
in lines on a web or sheet of any desired width much after the fashion of the type
writer; the sheet rising before the eye, so that all the matter on it may be in plain
view and readily comprehended.
We accomplish this result by employing two simple clockworks independent of
cach other but in a common frame; a type wheel which has both a rotary and lateral
motion a ratchet and pawl for feeding the type wheel and devices for releasing the
same, a unison point on the type wheel shaft which besides bringing the type wheel to
a fixed position at the same time releases it from its ratchet allowing it to return to its
first position and feeding the web of paper one step forward.
The type wheel, as in the ordinary machines, is revolved by means of an escapement
on its shaft which is governed by pallets attached to a vibrating magnet.
It thus
obtains its rotary motion.
This type wheel is not, however, fixed to its shaft but slides thereon on a sleeve
or collar lengthwise, but turning with the shaft because of a groove or slot and key.
Loosely attached to this collar is a fork having its base resting in a slide attached
to which is a ratchet device which is actuated by the printing or impression magnet,
so that a movement of the armature of the said magnet always moves the fork, and
with it the type wheel, one step sideways, until a certain point is reached (the unison
point) when the ratchet is thrown out of gear and the type wheel by means of a
weight or spring returns to its first position on the shaft.
This being what is known as a one wire machine" the vibrating magnet which
revolves the type-wheel, and the neutral magnet which effects the printing, governs
the unison mechanism, feeds the paper and releases the type wheel ratchet are both
in the same circuit. The vibrating magnet is polarized, therefore sensitive and rapid
in its action-the neutral magnet is comparatively slow and acts only when the
current is prolonged by means of a slight pause.

page_text: In order to feed the paper properly we have connected the roller around which it
passes to one of the clockworks above referred to either by gearing or otherwise
when it is desired to feed the paper one step upward this clockwork is released for
an instant by means of a ratchet actuated by a pin on the type wheel shaft which
pin is so fixed as to agree with the unison point, or blank point, therefore the feeding
of the paper, the movement of the type wheel along its shaft to an initial position,
and the bringing of the type wheel, or, in the case of many instruments in a circuit,
of all the wheels to a given position are accomplished at the same instant.
That is, supposing the unison is accomplished (as is now done) in three revolutions
of the type wheel the moment the printing or impression magnet acts, the paper
feeds, the type wheel is forced home and the transmitting operator has everything
ready to begin a new line.
The roller carrying the paper is placed in close proximity to and facing the type
wheel. At each movement of the printing magnet this roller is pressed against the
particular letter presented to its, or the paper's surface. The backward or reverse
movement of printing or neutral magnet acting on the ratchet and pawl then moves
the type wheel one step along its shaft, and the letter is presented and printed and
so on until the end of the line is reached, or until the machine is driven to "unison "
when the wheel presenting a blank space to the paper and being released from its
ratchet returns to its first position.
We also employ in our machine the new form of vibrating magnet described
in the specification of an American Patent to J. H. Longstreet and J. E. Wright
dated 16th May 1882 No. 257877.
It is composed of a single fixed helix with a core passing loosely through it. The
core is pivotted at the lower end, its upper end being faced by the poles of a
powerful permanent magnet and carrying the scape pallets or anchor which engage
with the teeth of the escapement wheel. Adjusting screws are provided to regulate
the vibrations of the core which core in this case performs the functions of an
armature.
The permanent magnet can be fixed at its neutral point the poles being sprung
into their proper position by screws fixed to the frame of the instrument for the
purpose.
Figure 1 of the drawings hereunto annexed is a plan view and Figure 2 a side
elevation partly in section of printing telegraph mechanism constructed as above
described. Figure 3 is an end view. Figures 4 and 5 show details of the parts for
moving the paper a distance and bringing the type wheel back to its starting point
when a new line is to be commenced.
A, B are two barrels each driven by a cord and weight. The barrel A by a train
of spur gear wheels drives a spindle C on which the type wheel is mounted. The
barrel B by another train of wheels drives a roller D over which the paper to be
printed on is led.
On the spindle C is an escapement wheel C into which pallets E¹ carried by a
solenoid core E are made to engage-this core is free to be rocked on an axis E
at its lower end.
F is a permanent horse shoe magnet between the ends of which the core E is free
to be rocked. G G are adjustable stops which limit the rocking of the core.
When a current of one polarity is sent through the fixed solenoid coil of insulated
conducting wire which surrounds the core E the upper end of the core is attracted
towards one pole of the fixed magnet and when a current of the opposite polarity is
sent it is attracted to the opposite pole.
To rock the core E alternate currents are sent through the solenoid coil by the trans-
mitting instrument which may be of any ordinary construction.
The paper to be printed on is led from the roll H round the roller D and this roller
after the completion of each line is allowed to be turned a distance as hereinafter
explained to move the paper a distance equal to the distance required between the
lines of printing.
Normally the roller D is as usual a slight distance off from the circumference of the

page_text: type wheel I and each time that the printing of a letter is to take place the roller is
moved towards the type wheel and the paper where it passes around the roller is
thereby forced against the type which is opposite to it. This is done by the roller I)
being carried by a lever arm D' which is rocked at each movement of the printing or
impression lever J. One arm of this lever carries the armature of an electro magnet K
another arm of the lever is drawn by a spring K up to a stop K². A screw pin K³
carried by this arm acts against and moves the lever arm D¹.
The alternate currents which pass to the solenoid coil also pass through the coils of
the magnet K but are not of sufficient duration to cause this magnet to draw its
armature towards itself until when a letter is to be printed a current of longer duration
passes as is well understood.
The type wheel I is carried by a sleeve L which can be slidden endwise along the
spindle but turns with it. The sleeve can be moved along the spindle by a fork M¹
which embraces it and which extends from a carriage M which can be slidden along a
fixed guide rod N.
The carriage M carries two pawls 00' which engage with ratchet teeth cut on the
edge of two bars P P. The toothed bar or rack P is fixed. The bar P can be moved
endwise a distance in one direction by a small crank lever Q (see Figure 3) one arm
of which acts against a pin which projects from the ratchet bar and the other arm is
acted upon by an arm on the axis J of the printing or impression lever J.
In this way the ratchet bar P is moved a distance endwise each time that the
armature carried by the lever J is drawn to the magnet K-and the pawl O which rests
on the rack teeth instead of resting on the tooth it was previously resting against rests
upon the next tooth and when the printing lever returns to its original position the
ratchet bar is shifted in the opposite direction by a spring P³ it then drives back the
pawl and the carriage M with it thereby shifting the type wheel sidewise-as it is
shifted sidewise the pawl O' slips over the rack P and drops into the next tooth of
the rack so that the slide is prevented from moving back.
In this way the carriage can be traversed step by step from one side of the machine
to the other when arrived at the end of its traverse it is brought back to its starting
position by a cord R which passes from it to the circumference of a spring barrel S or
it might have a weight attached to it. To allow the cord to draw it back both pawls
are simultaneously lifted and withdrawn from the rack teeth of the bars P P¹.
This is done whenever the printing lover is moved at the time when a blank space
on the circumference of the type wheel is towards the paper and when a special key of
the transmitting instrument is depressed.
The way in which this is done will be seen by Figures 4 and 5.
On the axis J of the printing or impression lever is an arm J³ to the end of which
is pivotted a lever T. One arm of this lever comes below the end of a bar U which
extends from side to side of the machine and comes below a small lever M² pivotted
to the slide M and a pin M³ on this lever comes below both pawls 0 0¹. The bar U
is carried by arms from an axis U. The other arm of the lever T comes below the
axis C of the type wheel. Projecting from this axis is a pin C which comes opposite
to the end of the lever T whenever one special key of the transmitting instrument is
depressed-but when any of the other keys are depressed this pin is out of the way of
the lever T and does not act upon it when the printing or impression lever makes its
stroke so that the lever T is left free to turn loosely on its pivot and is unable to lift
the bar U.
When the special key is depressed and the printing lever makes its stroke the one
arm of the lever T comes against the pin this end of the lever being so stopped
rom moving the opposite end is caused to rise with the printing lever and thereby
the bar U is lifted and both pawls 0 0' raised and disengaged from the racks P Pí.
The slide M and type wheel I are drawn across the machine by the cord R and spring
arrel S into position to commence a new line.
The same movement also causes the paper to be moved a distance into position for
new line to be commenced upon it.

page_text: The roller D over which the paper is led is as shown driven by a train of spur
wheels from the barrel B-on the axis B' of one of the wheels of this train of
gear is
an escapement wheel B with which the pallets of an escapement lever V are made to
engage. The lever is drawn in one direction by a spring V₁ and is rocked in the
opposite direction whenever the lever T lifts the bar U as shown at Figure 5, a
projection on the end of the lever T then coming against the end of the escapement
lever and lifting it so allowing the ratchet wheel to make a partial turn. In the
drawings we have not shown any means for bringing the type wheels to "unison."
This may be effected in any suitable ordinary way common in printing telegraphs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. The combination of the two trains of clockwork one moving the paper when a
new line is to be commenced the other turning a type wheel which is moveable along
its axis the carriage moveable along a guide parallel with the axis of the type wheel
and carrying the type wheel along with it-the toothed racks parallel with the axis one
fixed the other moved endwise at each movement of the printing lever-the two pawls
carried by the carriage engaging with the two racks and mechanism for lifting both
pawls when the printing lever makes a stroke at a time when the type wheel has been
turned into one special position and a cord and spring or weight for drawing back the
carriage when both pawls are lifted.
2. The employment of two trains of clockwork one to turn the type wheel the other
to shift the paper when a new line is to be commenced.
3. The employment of two racks and two pawls engaging therewith to traverse the
type wheel along its axis substantially as described.
1. The construction of telegraph printing instruments substantially as herein
before described.
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