IMPROVEMENTS IN, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF, HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1878

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN,
AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF, HORSE-SHOES." A communication from abroad
by Jacob Russell, of Newark, in the County of Essex, John Jacob Reimer
and Christian Edward Moller, both of Hoboken, in the County of Hudson, both
in the State of New Jersey, United States of America.
Sealed the 5th April 1878, and dated the 13th February 1878.
"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th February 1878.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF, HORSE-SHOES.'
[A communication from abroad by Jacob Russell, of Newark, in the County of
Essex, John Jacob Reimer and Christian Edward Moller, both of Hoboken, in the
County of Hudson, both in the State of New Jersey, United States of America.]
The object of this Invention is to obtain a ledge or reserve of metal in the body
of a horse-shoe, beyond the outer face of the solid toe calk, whereby a toe clip or
support for the hoof to rest against may be upset without drawing any metal from
the toe calk to weaken it.
Another object of the Invention is to improve the manufacture of solid calk horse-
shoes.
In horse-shoes, as heretofore generally constructed, the toe calk has been formed
flush, or nearly so, to the front edge of the shoe, and where a large and strong toe
clip is to be put on the shoe it is customary to draw the metal therefor from the
calk and body of the shoe, greatly at the expense of strength.
To avoid this weakening of the toe calk and shoe, it is, according to this
Invention, provided with a substantial ledge or off-set in front of the toe calk,
sufficiently large to supply the metal for the toe clip, and adapted to be readily and
quickly bent up and formed without in the least weakening the shoe.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a plan or bottom view of the bar of rolled iron from
which the shoe is made; Figure 2 is a cross section of the same.

page_text: Figure 3 is a bottom view of the blank as it appears after the first rolling.
Figure 4 is a cross section thereof, showing also the roller dies for making the
oblique channel, and Figure 5 is a section of one of said roller dies taken on the plane
of the line X, X, Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a bottom view of the horse-shoe, as it appears after the blank is first
bent.
Figure 7 is a bottom view of the finished horse-shoe.
с
Figure 8, a cross section thereof, on the line y, y, Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a cross section of the horse-shoe through the toe calk, showing the
ledge or off-set bent up to form the clip.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the Figures.
In Figures 7 and 8 of the Drawing the letter A represents the body of the com-
plete horse-shoe, having the solid toe calk a and the heel calks b, b. In front of
the toe calk is the ledge c, which can be drawn upwards to form the toe clip d,
shown in Figure 9.
The method or process by which this improvement is effected in the manufacture
of horse-shoes is as follows:-A bar of iron is first rolled into the shape shown in
Figures 1 and 2, and provided with a ledge or off-set c of about the thickness of
the shoe plate or body, when the shoe is completed, and forming the front edge of
the shoe. When thus shaped the bar is next submitted to compression in another
set of rolls to countersink channels or creases e, e, in the lower face of the ledge c,
for the concealment of the nail heads that hold the shoe to the horse's foot, also to
compress round of, or bevel the edge or both edges, if desired, opposite the channels,
as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 represents said bar between the two roller dies last referred to, one roller
B operating against the lower and outer face, and the other roller C against the
upper and inner face of the bar, the faces being named from the position of the bar
in the shoe. These rollers are applied in an oblique direction so that the flange f of
the roller B, which forms the creases e, e, will make the creases inclined. This is
very important as it permits the driving of the nails into the horse's foot in the
inclined direction, which is parallel with the inclined sides of the hoof. The flange f
of the roller B is notched at proper intervals, as in Figure 5, so as not to form a
crease where none is needed, to wit, in line with the toe calk and heel calks of the
horse-shoe, so that thus the ledge is left unchanged between the ends of the
rounded or beveled portions of the bar, as in Figure 3.
The object of rounding or bevelling the edges of the bar opposite the channels or
creases is to prevent the metal from filling up the said channels when the bar is
subsequently flattened out to form the shoe, and the parts g, between the rounded or
bevelled portions, are left unchanged in order to obtain metal for the solid toe calk
a, within the ledge or off-set c. The bevelling or rounding of the metal should be
so proportioned that when the compression takes place the metal will not be com-
pressed beyond or into the creases. At the same time that the bar is thus shaped
it is marked at the proper places for cutting into lengths for each horse-shoe, and
nail marks for the nail holes are also impressed in the creases e by projecting
knobs on the flange f of the roller B, as indicated in Figure 5.
Along the inner face of the bar is formed by the rolling dies, or at any subse-
quent stage of manufacture, a projecting lip h, which is in line with the toe calk, and
serves to give a broad base to said toe calk, and a firm support to the shoe in
front.
"
When the bars of metal have been cut into proper lengths they are called
blanks," and the ends of their ledges c are then chamfered off as in Figure 3. The
object of this is to admit of narrowing the metal at the ends so as to give proper
shape and strength to the heel calks b, b. The blank is next brought to a proper
heat and bent by a suitable former to the shape of the horse-shoe, as shown in
Figure 6. The "blank" thus formed is again heated and submitted to compression
in suitably shaped roller dies, or in other dies, to flatten out the blank into

page_text: the shoe body, except at the heel and toe, for the development of the calks
thereon.
As thus formed, the toe calk a is upset from the solid metal at about midway of
the front and back edges of the plate. By this means several very important
advantages are obtained over all other machine-made horse-shoes; first, the calk is
a solid portion of the plate; secondly, the creases are inclined; and thirdly, the
upset or clip for the support for the toe of the horse is taken entirely from the
ledge or off-set C,
in front of the calk, instead of drawing the metal away from the
toe calk to form the clip d or toe support upset, as is generally the case with all
machine-made horse-shoes. The nail holes may be punched before or after final
compression.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters
Patent, is,-
First. The within-described process of making horse-shoes, which consists first in
rolling the bar with a ledge or off-set along one edge, next forming a crease in said
ledge, bending the bar into form, and finally by direct pressure, forming the solid
toe and heel calks, and reducing the bar between the calks, substantially as herein
shown and described.
Secondly. The within-described process of forming the pieces e in the bar for
making a horse-shoe by obliquely set dies, substantially as herein shown and
described.
Third. A machine-made horse-shoe constructed with inclined creases e, e, sub-
stantially as herein shown and described.
Fourthly. The horse-shoe, constructed substantially as described, with solid toe
and heel calks, and an off-set or ledge extending in front of the toe calk, and
adapted to supply the metal for the clip, as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
A M CLARK Tol