IM- PROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR PUMPING WATER, AIR, AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Pearn and Sinclair Pearn, of the City of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineors, for the Invention of " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR PUMPING WATER, AIR, AND OTHER FLUIDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank Pearn and Sinclair
Pearn at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December
1877.
FRANK PEARN and SINCLAIR PEARN, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR PUMPING WATER, AIR,
AND OTHER FLUIDS."
Firstly. Our improvements are made upon those valves for which Provisional
protection has been granted to us upon an application for Letters Patent, Numbered
3870, and dated the 19th day of October, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
seven, and which are described under the second head of the Provisional Specifi-
cation of our said application for Letters Patent, and relate to valves for pumping
fluids, particularly applicable for great speeds, producing nearly noiseless action.
One of our present improvements consists in applying the improved india-rubber
disc clacks described in our said Provisional Specification to a valve clack formed of
metal or other suitable material, and lifting in the ordinary manner, which clack
has orifices formed in it which are covered by the said india-rubber disc clack, which
is secured to the central stem of clack, so that when this clack lifts it carries the
india-rubber valve or clack with it, which clack also opens at the same time, thus
considerably increasing the area for the passage of the fluid and thus diminishing
the percussion upon the valve.
Another of our present improvements consists in making annular ring clacks of
india-rubber, each clack moulded in cross section, to increase in thickness from the
outer and inner peripheries to the middle of the ring, which is held down by a
ring or rib pressing upon the middle part of the ring, so that both the inner and
outer peripheries of the clack may lift or open to uncover the openings in the
seating, and fall or close to cover them.

page_text: We have spoken of these improved india-rubber clacks as rings, but they may be
made of oval, oblong, or of other required form, or in straight lines.
Another of our present improvements consists in applying the india-rubber clacks
to metal clacks, either one ring or a series of them, one within the other, such ring
clacks being secured to the metal clack by a plate having projecting ribs or rings to
keep them down against their facings or seatings, this plate being secured to a
central or other stem from the metal clack and having orifices in it for the fluid
which passes between the india-rubber clacks and their seatings when uncovered.
A series of these annular india-rubber clacks are or may be also applied to a fixed
scating, same as to a metal clack.
"
Another of our present improvements relates to the system or mode of forming and
combining a series of valves to form one combined valve, from the centre of which
the fluid is drawn which is to pass through the valve or valves, and consists in
combining upon a seating a series of separate metal rings, one above the other, each
metal ring having a facing for a separate india-rubber clack ring, and orifices or
"ports
communicating with the central part of the metal ring to which the fluid
is supplied, and from which the fluid is drawn which is to pass through the
valves. One metal ring is turned and faced to fit fluid-tight with the first
seating or in the metal ring below, and so on, and the lowest metal ing has
a circular projection that holds the india-rubber clack ring below it in its
place, and the next metal ring above has a similar projection to hold the india-
rubber clack ing on the first metal ring, and so on, to any required number
of rings, the upper india-rubber clack ring being held down by a plate with circular
. ribs, which is secured by a central bolt, and this plate has orifices to allow the fluid
to pass.
The upper metal ring forms or may form a disc seating, having annular-arranged
orifices or "ports" for india-rubber clack rings coming in the central space within
the outer india-rubber clack ring, and the said plate has in this case also projections
on it for holding down such inner india-rubber clack rings, and it has also orifices in
it to allow the fluid to pass from such clack rings.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frank Pearn and Sinclair Pearn in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th June 1878.
18
FRANK PEARN and SINCLAIR PEARN, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR PUMPING WATER, AIR,
AND OTHER FLUIDS."
Our improvements are made upon those valves described under the second part
of the Invention for which Letters Patent were granted to us, Numbered 3870, and
dated the 19th day of October 1877, and relate to valves for pumping fluids, par-
ticularly applicable for great speeds, producing nearly noiseless action.
Our present improvements consist in making annular ring clacks of vulcanized
india-rubber, each clack moulded in cross section, to increase in thickness from the
outer and inner peripheries to the middle of the ring, which is held down by a ring
or rib pressing upon the middle part of the ring, so that both the inner and outer
peripheries of the clack may lift or open to uncover the openings in the seating, and
fall or close to cover them.
We have spoken of these improved india-rubber clacks as rings, but they may be
made of oval, oblong, or of other required form, or in straight lines.
Another of our present improvements relate to the system or mode of forming and
combining a series of valves to form one combined valve, from the centio of which
the fluid is drawn which is to pass through the valve or valves, and consists in com-
bining upon a seating a series of separate metal rings, one above the other, each
metal ring having a facing for a separate india-rubber clack ring and orifices (or
ports) communicating with the central part of the metal ring to which the fluid is
supplied, and from which the fluid is drawn which is to pass through the valves.
One metal ring is turned and faced to fit fluid-tight with the first seating or in the
metal ring below, and so on, and the lowest metal ring has a circular projection that
holds the india-rubber clack ring below it in its place, and the next metal ring
above has a similar projection to hold the india-rubber clack ring on the first metal
ring, and so on, to any required number of rings, the upper india-rubber clack ring
being held down by a plate with circular ribs which is secured by a central bolt, and
this plate has orifices to allow the fluid to pass.
The upper metal ring forms or may form a disc seating having annular-arranged
orifices or ports for india-rubber clack rings coming in the central space within the
outer india-rubber clack ring, and the said plate has in this case also projections on
it for holding down such inner india-rubber clack rings; and it has also orifices in
it to allow the fluid to pass froin such clack rings.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation; Fig. 2, a side elevation; and Fig. 3, a plan on the
line A-B, Fig. 1, showing one of our improved combined valves, and illustrating
our improved vulcanized india-rubber ring clacks.
The Drawings and the following description will sufficiently explain the mode of
carrying our Invention into effect.
In the compound valve illustrated by the Drawings five of our improved india-
rubber clack rings a are supposed in this example to be used, and the face of cach
ring rests on a flat metal surface in which there are two concentric slots or openings
which form ports, one for the inner and the other for the outer edge of the india-
rubber clack, which is held down in the centre by a rib, as shown. The compound
valve consists of a base part or ring b which is inserted in the seating in the pump.
This baso part or ring b is formed, as shown, with a flat surface turned smooth, and
with a sunk step in its inner edge to receive the lower edge of a ring b¹ having
passages and ports, as shown, and also a ring projection b* which presses upon the
india-rubber clack a on the base ring b. This ring projection 6x has slots or holes,
as shown, through which the fluid can pass from the inner edge of the india-rubber
clack a. The ring b' has also a sunk step on the inner edge of its flat face to receive

page_text: This
another similar ring, which receives the upper ring be formed as shown.
ring b² has ports over the central passage for an inner india-rubber clack ring a', the
two clack rings a and a¹ being held down on their seatings by a disc c, as shown,
which is secured by a bolt d. The screwing up of this bolt secures all the metal
rings b, b, and b, and the clack rings in their places.
The disc c has holes in it to allow the fluid to pass from the valves.
We have now particularly described the nature of our Invention and the modes
of carrying the same into effect, and claim as our Invention,-
Firstly. India-rubber clack rings, formed substantially as herein-before described,
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Secondly. The system or mode of constructing compound valves, substantially as
herein-before described, and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sinclair Pearn, on behalf of myself and the
said Frank Pearn, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day
of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
eight.
SINCLAIR PEARN. (L.S.)