Rotary Engines, Meters, Pumps, and like Rotary Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left; 28th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 31st Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Rotary Engines, Meters, Pumps, and like Rotary Machines.
.
I, CHARLES EBENEZER CHALLIS, of No. 30, Navarino, Road, London, N.E.,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
To obtain a continuous uniform delivery, or direct rotary motion throughout the
entire revolution without pulsation or dead point.
I make a cylinder with a cam fitted at each end, the cams are both formed of a
right and left handed inclined plans and are fitted so that the apex of the one is
opposite the base of the other, the distance between them being equal at any part
of the surface.
A spindle runs through the centre of the cylinder and cams, and has a collar or
series of flanges accurately fitting the cylinder at the periphery and bearing against
the apexes of the cams on the faces.
A radial slot is cut through the flanges and a slide reaching from cam to cam
fitted therein.
Suitable ports for the supply and exhaust or delivery are made according to the
duty to be performed.
It will thus be seen that if pressure is admitted between the apexes of the cams
and the slide, the spindle is driven round uniformly, the slide working backwards
and forwards along the spindle but always exposing a total surface equal to the area
bounded by the cylinder, spindle, flange, and the base of cain on one side.
For engines, pumps, fans &c. various fittings are provided for regulating the supply
and delivery, and for reversing &c.; and for meters, pumps &c. a recording
apparatus is attached to indicate the number of revolutions made or volume passed.
* Dated this 28th day of February 1200.
.
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Rotary Engines, Meters, Fumps, and nке Rotary Machines.
I, CHARLES EBENEZER CHALLIS, of No. 30, Navarino Road, Hackney,
London, N.E., Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
To obtain a continuous uniform delivery or direct rotary motion throughout the
entire revolution without pulsation or dead point I construct a short cylinder with
an external annular flange at each end, and with two ports, for inlet and outlet,
parallel to each other in the side of the cylinder; ends are fitted in the cylinder
which have external annular flanges for fixing by means of studs; a spindle passes
through the centre of cylinder, the bearings and packing glands being formed in the
ends of cylinder; the spindle is thickened inside the cylinder and upon the
thickened part is formed a double faced cam, the shape being approximately half a
right and half a left handed square thread with the apexes flattened and the internal
angles correspondingly filled, the thickness of the cam is uniform throughout, the
apexes are exactly level with the ends of the thickened spindle and bear upon the
ends of the cylinder; the periphery of the cam fits the cylinder, and is fitted with
packing rings to prevent leakage. Two slides or abutments work through the ends
of cylinder and bear upon the cam exactly opposite each other, their position being
between the inlet and outlet ports, the cam bearing surface of each is divided into
three equal facets, the centre being dead square to bear upon the apex and base of

page_text: the cam, and one having the pitch of the right hand incline, and the other that of
the left; the slides are thicker at the periphery of the cylinder and taper towards
the centre, the sides forming radial lines; packing glands are fitted to prevent
leakage and the slides are linked by a connecting rod, which ensures their working
in unison and allows any wear to be taken up; springs are sometimes used upon or
instead of the rod.
The cylinder is divided by the cam into two chambers and each chamber is divided
into two parts by the slides (except in each chamber alternately as the apex is
passing the slidė) each part being open to either the inlet or outlet port.
The chambers being of equal size and the cam having the same pitch. on both
sides, it will be seen that the effective piston area is exactly equal to the quadri-
lateral figure formed by the cylinder and spindle, and by the end of the cylinder
and base of the cam (on one side) at every part of the revolution: therefore when
used as a steam engine the steam enters continuously and having spent its energy
issues in a continuous jet, there being no pulsation at either inlet or outlet.
The cam may revolve in either direction, the port in advance of the slide always
being the inlet and the port behind the slide the outlet; reversing the direction of
revolution changes over the ports: thus while running in one direction C would be
the inlet aud D the outlet; in the opposite direction D would be the inlet and C the
outlet; engines are therefore fitted with a slide valve or four way cock which allows
the inlet and outlet to be instantly reversed at will.
Instead of the cams revolving with the spindle they may be formed upon the
opposite ends of the cylinder; the spindle then has three discs or collars upon it,
these accurately fit the cylinder at their periphery and the faces of the outer ones
bear upon the apexes of the cams; the slide works in a radial slot cut through the
discs and has a channel cut along it on each side; the spaces between the discs are
blocked so that the channel on one side of the slide communicates only with the
space between the discs marked V, and the channel on the other side communicates
only with the space marked W. These spaces form a continuous connection with
the inlet and outlet, while the channels in the slide feed and relieve the chambers
between the discs and the cams. Upon revolving the spindle the slide is carried
round with the discs and driven backwards and forwards by the cams, the channel
behind the slide always acting as inlet and the channel in front as outlet to the
chambers whichever way the spindle is driven. A slide valve or four way cock
enables the inlet and outlet, and consequently the direction of rotation, to be
changed over at will.
A governor is fitted to control the inlet when used as an engine, and a counting
apparatus is attached when it is desired to record the revolutions made and volume
passed when used as a pump or meter; but as these parts do not differ materially
from those in common use it will be unnecessary to describe them in detail.
In the accompanying drawings Figs. 1 and 2 show the engine with revolving cam,
Fig. 1 giving a side view with part of cylinder removed; A, is the cylinder;
B, B, are the flanges; C, is a port; E, E, are the ends of cylinder; F, F, F, F, are
the fixing studs; G, G, is the spindle; H; H, is the thickened part of spindle
inside the cylinder; I, is the cam; K, K, are the apexes and L, L, are the bases
of the inclined planes; M, is the packing ring; 0, 0, are the slides; P, is the
connecting rod; Q, Q, are the set screws; R, R, are the packing glands on spindle,
S, S, being the set screws.
Fig. 2 is an end view with end of cylinder removed; A, is the cylinder; C
and D are the inlet and outlet ports with the pipes leading thereto; G, is the
spindle; H, is the thickened part of spindle; I, is the cam, of which K is the apex
and L the base of the inclined planes; O, is the slide; P, is the connecting rod.
Figs. 3 and 4 show the form of engine with fixed cams and revolving slide.
Fig. 3 is a side view with part of cylinder removed; A, is the cylinder; B, B, are
the flanges; C, and D, are the inlet and outlet ports with the pipes leading thereto;
U, U, U, are the discs; V, and W, are the spaces between them cominunicating
with the ports; X, and Y, are the blocks shutting off the slide; E, E, are the

page_text: ends of cylinder; F, F, F, F, are the fixing studs; G, is the spindle; I, I, are the
cams, of which K, K, åre the apexes and L, L, the bases of the inclined planes ;
N, N, are the chambers; O, is the slide.
Fig. 4, shows an end view of discs &c. G, is the spindle; U, is the disc; O, is
the slide; Z, Z¹, are the channels communicating with the inlet and outlet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
In rotary engines, meters, pumps, and like rotary machines.
First. The employment of a double faced can consisting of equal right and left
handed inclined planes with certain rests, called herein "apexes" and "bases,”
revolving upon a spindle, substantially as set forth, and shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Second. The employment of slides or abutments linked together and working in
unison upon opposite sides of a cam, substantially as set forth, and shown in
Figs. 1 and 2.
Third. The employment of cams, consisting of equal right and left handed
inclined planes and certain rests, formed upon the ends of a cylinder, for the
purpose of imparting a reciprocating motion to a revolving slide or abutment,
substantially as set forth, and shown in Fig. 3.
Fourth. The employment of discs upon a spindle, forming chambers in constant
communication with inlet and outlet, substantially as set forth, and shown in
Figs. 3 and 4.
Fifth. The employment of an independent slide or abutment actuated reciprocally
by cams within a cylinder, substantially as set forth, and shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
Dated the 27th day of November 1890.
˚C. E. CHALLIS.