IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GINNING COTTON
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William M°Andrew, of No. 57, King William
Street, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR GINNING COTTON."-A communication from abroad by
Charles Wilson Boyd, of Sokia, in Asia Minor.
Sealed the 14th January 1868, and dated the 16th July 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William McAndrew at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th July 1867.
I, WILLIAM MCANDREW, of No. 57, King William Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GINNING COTTON," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for ginning
cotton; for these purposes the roller is as heretofore covered with leather and
has a spiral groove around it. Against the ginning roller a docter or straight
knife is pressed by springs, as is usual with this class of cotton gins. The
surface of the roller moves upwards towards the doctor; to these parts is
applied a beater bar which has numerous beaters fixed to it, the edges of
the lower ends of which are moved quickly to and fro along the lower edge
of the doctor, and in close proximity therewith so as to move the seeds from
the cotton. These beaters are by preference of polished steel; the extent
of motion of the beater bar is arranged to be capable of adjustment in order
to suit its action to different lengths or staple of cotton fibres. The beaters

page_text: are fixed on the beater bar parallel to each other and at right angles to the
doctor; they are also set at a short distance apart, generally between one and
two inches apart.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William McAndrew in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th January 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MANDREW, of No. 57, King William Street, in the City of London, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William M.Andrew, Her special licence that I, the said William McAndrew,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William M°Andrew, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR GINNING COTTON," a communication to me from abroad by
Charles Wilson Boyd, of Sokia, in Asia Minor, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William M.Andrew, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William M°Andrew, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for ginning
cotton; for these purposes the roller is as heretofore covered with leather and
has a spiral groove around it against the ginning roller. A doctor or straight

page_text: knife is pressed by springs as is usual with this class of cotton gins. The
surface of the roller moves upwards towards the doctor; to these parts is
applied a beater bar which has numerous beaters fixed to it, the edges of
the lower ends of which are moved quickly to and fro along the lower edge
of the doctor and in close proximity therewith so as to move the seeds from
the cotton; these beaters are by preference of polished steel; the extent of
motion of the beater bar is arranged to be capable of adjustment in order
to suit its action to different lengths or staple of cotton fibres. The beaters
are fixed on the beater bar parallel to each other and at right angles to the
doctor; they are also set at a short distance apart, generally between one and
two inches apart.
And in order that the said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view, Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3 a vertical section
of a machine for ginning cotton constructed according to my Invention.
a, a, is the framing of the machine; it carries the leather covered roller b
working against a doctor or fixed blade c, as is usual in cotton ginning
machines; but in place of the ordinary beater blade working up and down
in front of the nip of the roller b and doctor c a beater bar d with a number
of teeth or beaters d', d', fixed upon it is employed, and this beater bar
receives an endway motion to and fro horizontally or parallel to the axis of the
roller b. e is a table fixed to the frame, and on this the seed cotton is placed
to be presented by the workman in the usual way to the nip of the roller
and doctor; the edge of this table at e¹ is formed as a grating, the bars of
which should as is usual be at such a distance apart that the cotton seeds
may pass freely through. The parts of the machine may be driven in any
convenient manner. It is preferred to mount an axis fat the lower part of
one of the side frames; this is driven by a driving band received on to the fast
and loose pulleys f¹; f³ is another belt pulley on the same axis driving
another pulley g on the axis g, which also carries a bevilled wheel g³
gearing with the bevilled wheel 61 on the axis of the roller b.
In this way
the roller is driven at a speed conveniently of about eighty revolutions
per minute. The bearings in which the axis of the roller 6 are carried are
adjustable in position on the frame by means of set screws so that the
roller may be truly set to the doctor c.
b
There is also another pulley f³ on
the axis f, and this by an endless belt drives a pulley h¹ on the axis h. On

page_text: is a
The throw
the distance
the end of this axis is a disc h² carrying a crank pin h³, and it is convenient
that this crank pin should be adjustable to and from the centre of the disc
to vary the throw of the beater bar d to which it gives motion.
connecting rod linking the crank pin h³ with the beater bar d.
of the beater bar may advantageously be somewhat in excess of
between the teeth or beaters d', d, upon it. The beater bar d is carried in
bearings in which it is able to slide freely endwise, and the bearings are
arranged so as to be adjustable a short distance to and from the doctor or
fixed blade c by means of screws, or in other convenient manner; they can
also be adjusted vertically by placing filling pieces beneath them. The teeth
or beaters d' when at work should be so adjusted as to strike fairly and
detach the cotton seeds which are retained against the surface of the roller
by the fibre upon them having been sucked into the nip between the roller b
and the doctor or fixed blade c. The teeth or beaters d' should not touch
either the surface of the roller bor the doctor or fixed blade c; the seeds
when they are detached fall through the grating e¹ as is usual.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details described; but what I claim is, the combining
with a ginning roller and doctor or fixed blade a beater bar with beaters or
teeth upon it, such bar moving to and fro in a direction parallel to the axis
of the ginning roller, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William M°Andrew, bave hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
W. M'ANDREW. (L.S.)