Improvements in Drawing Pens.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 26th July, 1889-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drawing Pens.
We, JOSEPH HARRISON, of 10 Oberstein Road, New Wandsworth S.W. Engineer,
and JOHN EDWARD LIVSEY of 34 Octavia Street Battersea, S.W. Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists in the use of a brush (made of any suitable material) which
brush is placed between the two or more blades or nibs of a drawing pen or other
guide or guides serving the same purpose'; thereby preventing the ink from running
too freely when thick lines are being drawn. The brush may be replaced by any
suitable porous material or other substance with capillary action.
The pen may be so, constructed that the said brush or other material may be
withdrawn and the pen used as an ordinary drawing pen being made either with or
without a reservoir. In making the said drawing pen in the form of a reservoir pen,
the flow of ink may be made constant or intermittant at the will of the operator.
Our invention consists also of several devices for obtaining this flow of ink in a
suitable manner-1st. By means of a valve closed by a spring which can he opened
at the will of the operator; 2nd. By means of a cushion of air in contact with the ink
reservoir the pressure of which can be regulated by means of a small piston and valve
working in part of the reservoir of the pen. 3rd. By employing the capillarity of
the brush or other material for regulating or controlling the flow of ink.
invention consists also of several other devices for obtaing the above results.
Dated this 27th day of Octohan 1000
Our
JOSEPH HARRISON.
JNO. E. LIVSEY.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drawing Pens.
We JOSEPH HARRISON, Engineer, Balgonie, Cautley Avenue, Clapham Common
London S.W. & JOHN EDWARD LIVSEY, Engineer, 34 Octavia Street Battersea, S. W.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention consists essentially of the arrangements shewn in the following
drawings and diagrams:
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Figs. (1) and (2) shew a form of drawing pen with brush for holding the ink.
When broad or thick lines are to be drawn the point of the brush or other capillary
substance projects a little beyond the point of the pen and is prevented from passing
outside the blades or other guide or guides of the pen by the pin or peg (d) in figs. (1)
and (2), which peg fixed to one of the blades of the pen and slides over or through
the other blade (This pin or peg or other equivalent guide is common to all the
forms of pen wherein we propose to use a brush or other capillary substance). When
thin lines are to be drawn the said brush (b) can be pushed further up the piece (c)
on which it slides friction tight and thus drawn away from the point of the pen, but.
still touching the blades leaves between the blades the ink necessary for drawing
while allowing the blades to come close together at their points.
When the brush wants refilling it can be turned as shewn in fig. (2) about the
axis (a) by means of the milled bead (a) fig. (1) and thus readily filled and turned
back into its place between the blades of the pen.
In fig. (3) is shewn a method of feeding the brush either continuously or intermit-
tantly by means of the reservoir (7) and the cock (e).

page_text: By turning the button (f) until the rectangular passage coincides with the opening (a)
air is let into the reservoir as required.
The cock (e) has a plug pin (p) let into its head. To facilitate the clearing of the
lower part of the cock when fouled by dry ink the pin (p) can be taken out and a fine
wire passed through the head of the cock (e) again as in figs. (1) and (2) the brush (b)
is moveable on the piece (c).
Fig. 4 is another reservoir pen the inner tube (a) being made of india-rubber or
other elastic material one end of which is fastened to the button (b) which can turn
about its centre and the other end of the tube is fastened to the stock of the pen.
To fill the reservoir (2) the button (b) is turned which causes the india-rubber tube
to twist and flatten thereby expelling the air.
The end (c) of the reservoir is then dipped into the ink (the blades of the pen being
removable to facilitate this) and the button (b) turned back into its original
position.
The pressure of the atmosphere then causes the ink to flow into and nearly fill the
reservoir (r) the blades of the pen are replaced and the ink is fed on to the brush or
between the blades of the pen (when no brush is used) by turning the button (b) as
much as may be required.
The end (e) of the reservoir is prolonged to nearly touch the point of the blades of
the pen when no brush is used.
In fig. (5) is shewn a reservoir pen with brush attached but it may be used without
a brush. (a). Is a conical valve the spindle of which is attached to the jointed
parallelogram b, c, k, f, at (b) the joint (k) of the parallelogram being fixed to the
hollow spindle (e) in which the end of the valve spindle may slide as shewn.
The hollow spindle has a button at (h) and a spiral or other spring beneath the
button to keep the disc valve (g) closed and by means of the jointed parallelogram
the conical valve (a) is also kept closed by the same spring.
When the button (h) is pressed the joints (c) and (f) of the jointed parallelogram
slide in the grooves shewn, and the opposite joints (b) and (4) thus approaching each
other cause the valves (a) and (9) to open simultaneously.
In fig. (6) is shewn a reservoir for fixing to ordinary drawing pens; this reservoir
is constructed in the same manner as the reservoir afore described in fig. (4). In
this fig. (6) the india-rubber tube is shewn without the outer casing and attached to
the ordinary drawing pen by means of a screw clip (d).
To fill the reservoir the button (b) is twisted until a sufficient quantity of air is
expelled from the india-rubber or other elastic tube, then the end (c) of the reservoir
is dipped into the ink and the tube untwisted by the said button.
Then on fixing the reservoir. to the drawing pen as much ink as may be necessary
may be forced from the reservoir between the blades of the pen, by again, twisting
the tube by means of the button (b).
In fig. (7) is shewn an arrangement whereby a reservoir similar to those of
figs. (4) and (6) takes the place of the brush shewn in figs. (1) and (2).
(a) Is the india-rubber or other elastic tube forming part of the reservoir :-(b) is
the button for twisting the piece (d) [which piece forms the lower part of the
reservoir] and thus twisting the tube fills the reservoir with ink and expels the same
as afore described in figs. (4) and (6).
This reservoir can be turned from between the blades of the pen by means of the
button (c) just like the brush shewn and described in figs. (1) and (2), thus obtaing
an easy and rapid method of refilling and emptying the reservoir.
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 show another form of pen. The brush is held to the
body of the pen by the spring clip (a), figures 10 & 12, which clip is fixed to the
stock of the pen at (,) figs. 10 and 12. The end of the brush is held in position
between the blades of the pen by two plates or tongue pieces c, d, figs. 8, 10.&.11,
these tongue pieces being fixed to the blade (n) figs. 8 and 11. The other blade (o),
figs. 8 & 11 has recesses cut in the edge, to allow it to move between the said plates or
tongue pieces. In fig. 8, e is the ink reservoir, and the supply of ink is regulated by
means of the valve (f) opening inwards, and held in a closed position by the spiral

page_text: spring as shown. The opening of the ink valve (f) is effected by pressing the nut
or button (k), which deflects the spring (h), and causes the needle (9), attached to the
spring, to come in contact with the end of the valve (f), and thereby an intermittent
supply of ink, at the will of the operator is given to the brush. By turning the
nut (k), the needle (9) can be caused to press continuously on the valve (f) thus
giving a constant supply of ink. The air or ventillating valve is shown at l, m,
figs. 8 & 9, this valve being opened by pressing at m as occasion requires.
In figures 13 & 14 is shown another arrangement for giving an intermittent supply
of ink. (a) is the ink valve opening outwards, and held in a closed position by
the spiral spring as shown. (b) is a diaphragm of india-rubber or other olastic
material secured to the ink chamber at cc, on pressing the spring (d,) the
button (e) is brought into contact with the diaphragm, thus diminishing the volume
of, and increasing the pressure in the ink chamber, and tending to open the ink
valve (a). If the increased pressure in the reservoir is not sufficient to open the
valve (a,) further pressure on the spring (d) causes the diaphram (6) and button (e)
to come in contact with, and open the valve (a,) when the increased pressure in the
reservoir, ensures a flow of ink through the valve.
The air valve shown in figs. 8 & 9, and previously described, might be used for
this pen, or the arrangement shown in figures 13 & 14, at f, f, might be adopted.
This latter consists of a thin strip of india rubber, oiled silk, or other suitable material,
fixed over the air hole at f, f, figs. 13 & 14, thus forming a valve opening inwards
when the pressure of the air in the reservoir is less than that of the atmosphere.
The screws y, g, fig. 13, can be taken out, and they are to facilitate the cleaning
of the ink passages.
.
Figures 15 & 16, show an arrangement of guide for the brush, and the breadth of
the line made with this form of pen is varied by altering the distance the brush
projects through the guide (a,) and also by altering the position of the movable pin (c),
which is fixed by the setscrew () as shown. In using this pen for ruling lines, the
pin (c) rests on the surface to be ruled, and against the straight edge or template.
If the pin (c) be removed, this pen can be used for drawing lines or curves free-hand
or for writing.
Any of the arrangements for supplying ink or holding the brush, previously
described, can be used with this form of pen.
In conclusion we wish to state that we do not confine ourselves to the constructive
details shewn, as these may be modified to suit varied circumstances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. The use of a brush or other capillary substance or substitute for holding a
sufficient supply of ink between the blades or other guide or guides of a drawing
pen.
2nd. The several methods of guidinglor controlling the brush or other substance as
shewn in figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11, 13, & 15.
3rd. The use of the reservoirs as described in figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, & 14,
for fooding nong sither with as without brush or other cubstitute
JOSEPH HARRISON.
JNO. E. LIVSEY.