Improvements in, or connected with, the Manufacture of Articles, wholly or partly of Rubber, or other Gum, and the like, dissolved in a solvent.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Feb., 1898-Accepted, 5th Mar.,
1898
Improvements in, or connected with, the Manufacture of Articles,
wholly or partly of Rubber, or other Gum, and the like, dissolved
in a solvent.
I, FRANK KING, of 4, Great Winchester Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of articles wholly or partly of rubber,
or other gum, or the like, dissolved in a solvent, and has for its object to facilitate
the drying, or vapourization, of the solvent used.
In the manufacture of pneumatic tyres, for example, india-rubber in solution
is employed for binding the various layers of canvas, or similar material, together,
and the drying, or evaporation, of the solvent therefrom occupies a very considerable
time, whilst, if heat be resorted to, to expedite the operation, the canvas, or
similar material, is liable to be injured thereby. Moreover the drying is not
effected satisfactorily throughout the mass, the outer dried layer enclosing a
quantity of undried material, or material still in solution, and obstructing the com-
plete evaporation of the solution.
According to my invention before the solvent at the surface of the mass, or
article, has had time to evaporate sufficiently to form an external hard layer such
as would obstruct the passage of the solvent from the interior of the mass, or
article, I place the said mass, or article, in a vacuum chamber, and subject it
the solvent assumes a
to a vaouum, or relief of pressure, under which
vapourous form, and rapidly leaves the whole of the mass, or article, which rapidly
becomes of equal hardness throughout its substance. This method, besides giving
the advantage of rapid drying without injury to the article, also enables me to
recover the solvent for re-use, over and over again, by conducting the vapours
discharged from the vacuum chamber to a condenser.
I prefer to use the most volatile solvent for the rubber, or particular gum, or
the like, used.
My invention is applicable to the treatment of articles in the manufacture of
which rubber or other gums, or the like, dissolved, or rendered plastic, by a solvent,
is, are, or may be used, such, for instance, as pneumatic tyres, envelopes, or
coverings, of secondary battery plates, or the like.
Dated this 14th day of
1 1007
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements in, or connected with, the Manufacture of Articles,
wholly or partly of Rubber, or other Gum, and the like, dissolved
in a solvent..
I, FRANK KING, of 4, Great Winchester Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of articles wholly or partly of rubber,
or other gum, or the like, dissolved in a solvent, and has for its object to facilitate
the drying, or vapourization of the solvent used.
In the manufacture of pneumatic tyres, for example, india-rubber in solution
is employed for binding the various layers of canvas, or similar material, together,
and the drying, or evaporation, of the solvent therefrom occupies a very considerable
'time, whilst, if heat be resorted to, to expedite the operation, the canvas, or
similar material, is liable to be injured thereby. Moreover the drying is not
effected satisfactorily throughout the mass, the outer dried layer enclosing a
quantity of undried material, or material still in solution, and obstructing the com-
plete evaporation of the solution.
or
According to my invention before the solvent at the surface of the mass
article, has had time to evaporate sufficiently to form an external hard layer such
as would obstruct the passage of the solvent from the interior of the mass, or
article, I place the said mass, or article, in a vacuum chamber, and subject it
to a vacuum, or relief of pressure, under which the solvent assumes a
vapourous form, and rapidly leaves the whole of the mass, or article, which rapidly
becomes of equal hardness throughout its substance. This method, besides giving
the advantage of rapid drying without injury to the article, also enables me to
recover the solvent for re-use, over and over again, by conducting the vapours
discharged from the vacuum chamber to a condenser.
I prefer to use the most volatile solvent for the rubber, or particular gum, or
the like, used.
Care should be taken that the air or gas contained in the vacuum chamber before
exhaustion is dry as otherwise a layer of ice would probably be formed over the
surface of the articles under treatment.
I prefer to employ a larger and a smaller vacuum chamber with a valve between
them and to place the articles to be treated in the smaller chamber and to first
exhaust the larger chamber and then open the said valve and thus obtain almost
instantaneously the full vacuum effect in the chamber containing the articles.
My invention is applicable to the treatment of articles in the manufacture of
which rubber or other gums, or the like, dissolved, or rendered plastic, by a solvent
or may be used such, for instance, as pneumatic tyres, envelopes, or
⚫ coverings, of secondary battery plates, or the like.
is are
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In the manufacture of articles wholly or partly of rubber or other gum and
the like dissolved in a solvent the subjection of the articles to a vacuum or relief
of pressure to withdraw the solvent from the articles substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. In the manufacture of articles wholly or partly of mibber on other mum

page_text: like dissolved in a solvent the subjection of the articles to a vacuum or relief of
pressure to withdraw the solvent from the articles and the passing of the vapours
of the solvent so withdrawn to a condenser and thus recovering the solvent for
re-use substantially as herein before described.
D
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.