IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR LITHOGRAPHING AND LETTER-PRESS PRINTING.”
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Newsum, of Hunslet, near Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR LITHOGRAPHING AND LETTER-PRESS PRINTING.”

page_text: of circular stones and types. By the arrangement hereafter described
the parts may also be so readily adjusted that any number of colours
may be printed consecutively on the same sheet with perfect accuracy.
My improvements consist in the construction of the stone or type
carrier, which instead of being cylindrical I make of a cam form having
one flat side. In this flat side is fitted an adjustable bed on which the
stone or type is secured in any required position. The stone or type
is adjusted laterally by means of set screws and raised or lowered
by wedges or other equivalent mechanical means to suit the varying
thickness of the stone or type. I mount the stone or type carrier on a
shaft in suitable bearings between the framework. On this shaft I
provide a cam-shaped spur wheel of the same form as the stone or type
carrier. On the same framework and in suitable bearings I provide
another shaft on which is mounted a "gripper cylinder" of ordinary con-
struction. On the gripper cylinder shaft I provide a loose spur wheel
which is circular and made to gear into the cam spur wheel on the stone
or type carrier shaft. The loose spur wheel may be brought in gear with
the gripper cylinder when required by means of a catch fitted on to it,
which at a certain point of the wheel's revolution drops into. a. notched
plate which is fixed on the gripper cylinder shaft, carrying thereby the
gripper cylinder round to the required extent; after which the catch is
again thrown out of gear allowing the wheel to travel independently of
the gripper cylinder.
The gripper cylinder shaft is mounted in sliding bearings so arranged
as to be drawn in close contact with the stone or type, at the same time
keeping the cam wheel in gear with the wheel on the gripper cylinder.
In order to do this I attach suitable slide bars to the bushes of the
gripper cylinder. On each slide bar a roller is mounted and made to
work in a cam at each end of the stone or type carrier. A's the latter
rotates the rollers working in the cams at the ends of it retain the
various rotating parts in their required positions with regard to each
other.
°
Instead of a rotary motion being given to the stone or type carrier a
reciprocating motion may be given by means of a crank. The inking
rollers are of ordinary construction. The whole is driven by suitable
gearing from some motive power.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Newsum in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
NEWSUM, of Hunslet, near Leeds, in the County of York, send
greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of July, in the year of.
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said George Newsum, Her special licence that
I, the said George Newsum, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or:
such others as I, the said George Newsum, my executors, administrators,:
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,.
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
LITHOGRAPHING AND LETTER-PRESS PRINTING," upon the condition (amongst:
others) that I, the said George Newsum, my executors or administrators,.
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands.
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and.
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters ..
Patent:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Newsum, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say :—
These improvements relate to rotary machines, and consist in so
arranging the stone or type carrier and the various parts connected
therewith that flat surface stones or types may be used, saving thereby.
a great amount of labour and expense hitherto attending the preparation
of circular stones and types. By the arrangement hereafter described
}

page_text: the parts may also be so readily adjusted that any number of colours
may be printed consecutively on the same sheet with perfect accuracy.
The Invention will now be best understood by reference to the
accompanying Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 is a plan looking at the top, Fig. 3
shows an arrangement of cam wheel, and Fig. 4 is a section of stone or
type carrier.
I
à is the stone or type carrier of a cam form instead of cylindrical, having
one flat side as shown at 6; in the flat side b is fitted an adjustable bed c
(which is held in position in the carrier by the set screws d) on which
the stone or type is secured in any required position. The stone or type
is adjustable laterally by means of set screws, wedges, or their equivalents.
The adjustable bed c is raised or lowered by means of the wedges e,
shown in Figs. 2 and 4, to suit the varying thicknesses of stone 'or
type. The set screw f is used to actuate the wedges e, which are all
connected together by means of the casting or saddle g; the boss / in
the saddle g serves as a nut into which the set screw f works. It will
be readily understood that by the movement of the saddle g the wedges
may be moved backwards or forwards simultaneously; these working
against inclines i on the adjustable bed c cause the bed to be raised or
lowered at pleasure by the attendant. I mount the stone or type
carrier a on the shaft j in suitable bearings in the framework, as shown.
On this shaft a cam-shaped wheel k, Figure 3, is provided, which is of
the same form as the stone or type carrier. On the same framework and
in suitable adjustable bearings I provide another shaft m, on which is
mounted the gripper cylinder n of ordinary construction, as shown. On
the gripper cylinder shaft m I mount a loose spur wheel o, which is
circular and made to gear into the cam spur wheel k on the stone or type
carrier shaft j.
The loose spur wheel may be brought into gear with the gripper
cylinder by the arrangement of catches shown in the Specification of
my Patent No. 501 of 1870, by which catches the gripper cylinder is
carried round to the required extent and then thrown out of gear,
allowing the wheel to travel independently of the gripper cylinder. The
gripper cylinder shaft m is mounted in sliding bearings 1, so arranged as
to be drawn in close contact with the stone or type carrier, keeping the
gripper cylinder spur wheel in gear with the cam spur wheel. In order
to do this I couple suitable slide bars p to the bushes 7 of the gripper

page_text: cylinder; these bushes are provided with compensating slides q, in which
slides the springs are provided which act as a cushion for the bushes /
of the gripper cylinder. By this arrangement when the stone is brought
in contact with the gripper cylinder it acts as a cushion pressure instead
of as a dead pressure. On each slide bar p. a roller s is mounted and
made to work in the recessed cams at each end of the stone or type
carrier a, as the latter rotates the rollers s working in the cams t retain
the various rotating parts in their required positions with regard to cach
other, as for instance the loose spur wheel o is retained at its proper
distance from the cam wheel k..
T
The damping rollers u and inking rollers v are mounted in adjustable
bearings, and are retained in contact with the stone or type carrier by
means of spiral springs, as shown at w, Fig. 1, or their equivalents.
To give motion to the damping and inking rollers I provide the cams x
on the stone or type carrier, shaft j, which are of a similar form to, the
stone or type carrier.
Motion is given to the stone or type carrier from some suitable motive
power. through driving pulleys 1 and gearing 2, thence to the gripper
cylinder through the cam spur wheel k and loose spur wheel o, and the
required motion is imparted simultaneously through the cams x and
friction pulleys y to the damping and inking rollers.
The gripper z is brought into operation by means of the spring 3 and
the sheet liberated from the gripper by the action of the cam 4 upon
the lever 5. It will be understood that instead of the rotary motion
given to the stone or type carrier a reciprocating motion may be given
by means of a crank. The circular part of the stone or type carrier is
used as ink table, supplying the inking rollers.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would remark in
conclusion that I do not limit myself to the exact limits, details, and
configuration of parts I have explained and shown, as the same may of
course be varied or modified without in any way departing from my
Invention; but what I do claim and desire to be secured to me by
Letters Patent is,―
First. The arrangement, construction, and application of cam-shaped

page_text: Second. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the various
parts connected therewith, substantially as shown and described for
lithographing and letter-press printing.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Newsum, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.