AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND APPARATUS OR MOULDS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Canning, of No. 7, Great Winchester Street
Buildings, in the City of London, Knight, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND APPARATUS OR MOULDS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
Sealed the 11th November 1879, and dated the 16th May 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by. the said Samuel Canning at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th May 1879.
SAMUEL CANNING, of No. 7, Great Winchester Street Buildings, in the City of
London, Knight. "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND
APPARATUS OR MOULDS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
My Invention has for its object an improved manufacture of that description of
glass bottles that are blown in what is termed open and shut moulds, whereby the
production of marks on the glass at the joints of the moulds is effectually prevented.
These marks of the moulds are generally considered as a defect, to obviate which
open mould blowing is still resorted to, such open mould blowing being more
expensive and requiring more skilled labour than blowing in open and shut moulds
In bottles of the French claret, champagne, burgundy, and brandy shape blown in
open and shut moulds the marks of the joints of the moulds on the bottles would
be considered very objectionable and would lessen their value considerably.
According to my present Invention I prevent the formation of such seams or
joint marks upon the bottle by imparting to the open and shut mould a rotary
motion while the bottle is being blown, by which means I also impart a smoother
appearance to the outer surface or skin generally of that part of the bottle. In open
aud shut moulds of ordinary construction the opening part, being that for the
shoulder and neck of the bottle, opens on hinges at the top of the cylinder or barrel.
According to my Invention the cylinder or barrel is constructed in the usual way to
form the body of the bottle, but with its outer surface turned truly cylindrical, and
around this cylinder I place an outer cylinder bored out to fit truly the outer surface
of the inner cylinder so that it can revolve or move truly round upon the same.
Upon this outer cylinder is fixed in the usual way by hinges the part of the mould
for forming the shoulder and neck of the bottle which opens and shuts in the
ordinary manner, the interior surface of such divided part of the mould being such
as to form a continuation of the interior surface of the inner cylinder or barrel. In

page_text: ordinary moulds which open and shut from the shoulder the parts which open and
shut are worked by a lever and foot plate; this movement I maintain, but in
addition I provide another lever worked also by preference by the same foot, but
which may if preferred be worked by hand, and which is connected by a crank
and rod or other suitable mechanism to the outer cylinder in such manner that
when it is pressed by the foot or hand the outer cylinder, shoulder, and neck of the
mould traverses in a horizontal direction round the inner cylinder and bottle
contained therein to the extent proportionate to the traverse of the lever, the
operation of forming the bottle being as follows:-The glass being put into the
mould in the ordinary manner, the usual lever is pressed down by the foot, closing
the mould round the glass, and during the operation of blowing the blower presses
down with the same foot or with his hand the additional lever which causes the
outer cylinder, shoulder, and neck of the mould to revolve, thus the mould being in
motion during the act of blowing, no vertical marks of the joint appear upon the
bottle, and the skin or surface of the bottle thus acted upon is subjected to a
smoothing or polishing operation which improves its appearance. On releasing the
lever the mould is brought back into its original position by a weight or spring. In
moulds which open and shut from the bottom of the mould I make the base or
bottom of the mould of solid or hollow metal of the same diameter as the bottle to
be blown, and of any convenient length, and either cast on or fixed separately to the
usual base plate. Around this solid or hollow bottom I fit a cylinder capable of
rotating thereon, on which cylinder is either formed or fixed the one half mould of
the bottle, the other half mould being hinged thereto so as to open and shut;
or both half moulds might be hinged to such outer cylinder. This cylinder is
connected by rods and levers or other suitable mechanism to a lever in such manner
that on moving such lever rotary motion is imparted to the outer cylinder and the
divided mould, whereby the formation of marks on the bottle at the jointing of
the half moulds is prevented as above described. On releasing the lever the
cylinder and mould are caused by a spring or weight to r
resume their original
position.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Canning in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
November 1879.
SAMUEL CANNING, of No. 7, Great Winchester, Street Buildings, in the City of
London, Knight. "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND
APPARATUS OR MOULDS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
My Invention has for its object an improved manufacture of that description of
glass bottles that are blown in what is termed open and shut moulds, whereby the
production of marks on the glass at the joints of the moulds is effectually prevented.
These marks of the moulds are generally considered as a defect, to obviate which
open mould blowing is still resorted to, such open mould blowing being more
expensive and requiring more skilled labour than blowing in open and shut
moulds. In bottles of French claret, champagne, burgundy, or brandy shape blown
in open and shut moulds the marks of the joints of the moulds on the bottles would
be considered very objectionable, and would lessen their value considerably.
According to my present Invention I prevent the formation of such seams or
joint marks upon the bottle by imparting to the open and shut mould a rotary
motion while the bottle is being blown, by which means I also impart a smoother
appearance to the outer surface or skin generally of that part of the bottle. In
open and shut moulds of ordinary construction the opening part, being that for the
shoulder and neck of the bottle, opens on hinges at the top of the cylinder or barrel.
According to my Invention the cylinder or barrel is constructed in the usual way
to form the body of the bottle, but with its outer surface turned truly cylindrical,
and around this cylinder I place an outer cylinder bored out to fit truly the outer
surface of the inner cylinder, so that it can revolve or move truly round upon the
same. Upon this outer cylinder is fixed in the usual way by hinges the part of the
mould for forming the shoulder and neck of the bottle, which opens and shuts in the
ordinary manner, the interior surface of such divided part of the mould being such as
to form a continuation of the interior surface of the inner cylinder or barrel. In
ordinary moulds, which open and shut from the shoulder, the parts which open and
shut are worked by a lever and foot plate; this movement I maintain, but in
addition I provide another lever, worked also by preference by the same foot, but
which may if preferred be worked by hand, and which is connected by a crank
and rod or other suitable mechanism to the outer cylinder in such manner that
when it is pressed by the foot or hand the outer cylinder, shoulder, and neck of the
mould traverse in a horizontal direction round the inner cylinder and bottle
contained therein to the extent proportionate to the traverse of the lever, the
operation of forming the bottle being as follows:-The glass being put into the
mould in the ordinary manner the usual lever is pressed down by the foot, closing
the mould round the glass; and during the operation of blowing the blower presses
down with the same foot or with his hand the additional lever which causes the
outer cylinder, shoulder, and neck of the mould to revolve, thus the mould being in
motion during the act of blowing no vertical marks of the joint appear upon the
bottle, and the skin or surface of the bottle thus acted upon is subjected to a
smoothing or polishing operation which improves its appearance. On releasing the
lever the mould is brought back into its original position by a weight or spring. In
moulds which open and shut from the bottom of the mould I make the base or
bottom of the mould of solid or hollow metal of the same diameter as the bottle
to be blown and of any convenient length, and either cast on or fixed separately to
the usual baseplate. Around this solid or hollow bottom I fit a cylinder capable of
rotating thereon, on which cylinder is either formed or fixed the one half mould
of the bottle, the other half mould being hinged thereto so as to open and shut;
or both half moulds might be hinged to such other cylinder. This cylinder is
connected by rods and levers or other suitable mechanism to a lever in such

page_text: manner that on moving such lever rotary motion is imparted to the outer cylinder
and the divided mould whereby the formation of marks on the bottle at the jointing
of the half moulds is prevented as above described. On releasing the lever the
cylinder and mould are caused by a spring or weight to resume their original
position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a side elevntion of a bottle mould hinged
at the bottom; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section, and Fig. 4 a side elevation of a bottle
mould hinged at the shoulder, with apparatus according to my Invention applied
thereto for giving the mould a partial rotation while a bottle is being blown in it.
For this purpose the folding sides A, A, which are opened and closed in the usual
way by the action of the treadle B, instead of being hinged to the stationary base
or body of the mould are hinged to a cylindrical casing C which surrounds the
stationary base or body, being fitted to turn thereon as on an axis. A second
treadle D pressed upwards by a spring d is mounted near the ordinary treadle B
and is connected by rods and a lever with the casing C, as shewn in Figs.
and 2,
or it may be connected, as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, by a double lever E, having one
arm linked to the upper part of the casing C and its other arm linked to a stud
passing through a slotted hole in the casing and fixed to the body of the mould F,
which in that case is fitted to turn on the stationary base. The operator closing
the mould in the usual way by pressure of his heel on the treadle B, can by an up
and down movement of his foot acting on the second treadle D cause a partial to
and fro rotation of the whole mould round its base when the apparatus is arranged
as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2; or can cause the upper and lower parts of the mould to
turn a little to and fro in opposite directions when the apparatus is arranged as
shewn in Figs. 3 and 4. It is of advantage to make the casing C fit to the body
or base of the mould only at its upper and lower parts so as to leave an annular
space for circulation of air through holes or slots in the casing.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I make no general claim
to effacing the seams or jointing marks by turning bottles round in their moulds or
turning the moulds round while the bottles are held stationary, but I claim,—
First. The method herein described of manufacturing bottles by blowing them
in jointed moulds, while these or their jointed parts are made to have a to and fro
partial rotation so as to efface the jointing marks.
Second. Effecting the to and fro partial rotation of jointed bottle moulds or their
jointed parts by means of spring treadles connected to the mould and worked by
the foot of the blower, substantially as herein described.
Third. The apparatus for giving to and fro partial rotation to jointed bottle
moulds constructed and operating as herein described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2
of the accompaying Drawings.
Fourth. The apparatus for giving to and fro partial rotation to jointed bottle
moulds constructed and operating as herein described with reference to Figs. 3 and 4
of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Canning, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.