IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRYSTALLIZING AND FOR EVAPORATING
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Newnam, of Crayford, in the County of Kent,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
CRYSTALLIZING AND FOR EVAPORATING."
Sealed the 6th April 1863, and dated the 6th October 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Newnam at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th October 1862.
I, JAMES NEWNAM, of Crayford, in the County of Kent, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CRYSTALLIZING AND FOR EVAPORATING," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the combined employment of a closed pan with
steam inlet, and steam and condensed water outlet; of revolving discs which
revolve partly in the atmosphere and partly in the matter being operated on;
and of a vessel communicating with the pan, containing a worm or pipes,
through which cold water is made to pass. A gauge is fitted on the pipe,
communicating between the vessel and the pan, and also a safety valve.
Steam is admitted into the vessel, and is reduced to the pressure required,
and maintained at that pressure as shown by the gauge; all increased tem-
perature is prevented entering the pan as the weight on the safety valve
becomes lifted, the object of the Invention is to ensure a constant and even
temperature in the pan.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Newnam in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
6th April 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
NEWNAM, of Crayford, in the County of Kent, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said James Newnam, Her special licence, that I, the said James
Newnam, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said James Newnam, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRYSTALLIZING AND FOR EVAPORATING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Newnam, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Newnam, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what mauner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the combined employment of a closed pan, with
steam inlet and condensed water outlet; of revolving discs which revolve partly
in the atmosphere and partly in the matter being operated on and of a vessel
containing a worm or pipes communicating with the pan, and through which
steam is made to pass. A gauge is fitted on the pipe, which communicates
between the vessel and the pan, and also a safety valve.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a longitudinal section of an
apparatus for crystallizing and evaporating constructed according to this
Invention; and Figure 2 is a cross section through the line a, x, of Figure 1.
A is the closed pan; B is the steam inlet; and C, C, are condensed water

page_text: outlets which are always open, so that no water can remain in the pan A;
D, D, are discs mounted on a shaft E, revolving partly in the atmosphere,
and partly in the matter being operated on which is contained in the vessel A';
F is a closed vessel containing a worm or pipes G, through which steam is
made to pass to the pan A; H, H, are perforated plates in the pan A, for
distributing the steam uniformly over the whole interior surface of the pan;
I is a gauge; and J a safety valve on the pipe which communicates between
the pan A and the vessel F; K is another safety valve on the side of the pan.
The matter to be operated on is supplied to the vessel A', the bottom of which
forms the top of the pan A. Steam is admitted into the worm G from the
pipe L, and is maintained at the temperature required, if necessary cold
water is supplied to the vessel F by the pipe M; N is an outlet pipe, fitted
with a cock for drawing off water from the vessel when the steam does not
require attemperating. The height of the water in the vessel F is indicated
by the gauge O, and the pressure of the steam is shewn by the gauge I. The
steam from the worm G passes through the pipe B into the pan A, all increased
pressure being prevented by the safety valve J. On entering the pan the
steam is uniformly distributed therein by means of the perforated plates H,
the pan becomes heated, and the heat is transmitted to the matter under
operation, which is kept agitated by the revolving discs D, D, the liquid
portions are gradually evaporated, and the matter where capable of crystalli-
zation crystallized. The steam which becomes condensed in the pan passes
off by the outlets C, C. The vessel F is furnished with a safety valve Q.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my "Improve-
ments in Apparatus for Crystallizing and for Evaporating," the combined
employment of a closed pan with steam inlet and condensed water outlet for
communicating heat to the matters to be crystallized or evaporated, or both,
and of a vessel containing a worm or pipes communicating with the pan through
which steam is made to pass at any required temperature, and maintained at
such temperature in manner herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Newnam, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of April, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-three.
JAMES NEWNAM. (L.S.)