AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE METHOD OF THE VENTILATION OF DRAINS, SOIL PIPES, CESSPOOLS AND SEWERS, AND THE PURIFICATION OF SEWAGE GAS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR SUCH PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Buxton Head at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th November 1873.
I, WILLIAM BUXTON HEAD, of No. 138, High Street, Notting Hill,
in the County of Middlesex, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE METHOD OF THE VENTILATION
OF DRAINS, SOIL PIPES, CESSPOOLS AND SEWERS, AND THE PURIFICATION OF SEWAGE
GAS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR SUCH PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
.
My Invention consists of arrangements by which drains, soil pipes,
cesspools, and sewers may be ventilated by means of pipes fixed either
perpendicularly or horizontally in connection with a deodorizing and
purifying apparatus (herein-after described), whereby the mephitical
emanations generated in such drains, soil pipes, cesspools, and sewers
are completely purified and freed from all bad smell before passing
into the open air, and whereby my special object is attained of dis-
pensing with the use of pipes of such great length as to reach to
the top or roof of a house, as in existing systems, inasmuch as with
my deodorizing and purifying apparatus dwarf pipes may be used,
the outlets of which can be fixed near the ground without creating

page_text: any annoyance, by which a great saving in expense is effected. For
this purpose, in one arrangement, namely, that for perpendicular ven-
tilating pipes to drains, I construct a deodorizing and purifying appa-
ratus as follows:-I use a box or receptacle of iron, zinc, or any other
metal or air-tight substance, capable, by means of perforated flanges
or other contrivances, of being fastened against a wall having its lower
aperture of a size to fit the diameter of the pipe proposed to be used
as a ventilator; at the lower or inlet end of the box or receptacle
aforesaid I solder or otherwise fix a perforated metal wire or other
grating, and the box or receptacle is filled with granulated charcoal,
or any other deodorizing material resting on perforated diaphragms
which are retained in their places by wood or other fillets, or otherwise
fastened, each perforated diaphragm is luted at its edges to prevent the
sewer gas passing except through the deodorizing material employed.
The lid or cover, also made of metal or any other air-tight material,
is of such a shape as shall effectually throw off the rain falling upon it,
and the outlet pipe is fitted with either a fixed or moveable pipe turned
downwards to exclude wet. The lid or cover is luted on such lute,
and also that used for the perforated diaphragms aforesaid, being.com-
posed of tallow or any non-drying fatty substance mixed with common
whiting.
To ventilate a soil pipe I solder or otherwise fasten a convenient
length of metal or other pipe into the soil pipe, terminating such metal
or other pipe by the deodorizing or purifying apparatus aforesaid,
fastening the same against the exterior of a wall.
To ventilate a drain or cesspool I connect to the drain or cesspool
a metal or other pipe either with or without bends, and at the other
end I connect the deodorizing and purifying apparatus aforesaid, fixing
the same to the nearest or most convenient wall or place.
To prevent the intrusion of sewer gas into a house drain I construct
an ordinary brick or other stench trap in the main drain of house,
between the house and the sewer or cesspool on the side of the trap
nearest the sewer or cesspool I connect the ventilating pipe to the
drain, and to the deodorizing and purifying apparatus in the same
manner as previously described, so that a pressure of gas on the water
in the stench trap is prevented by its passing off through the deodorizing
and purifying apparatus.
.

page_text: My Invention provides also for the ventilation of soil pipes or drains,
which in consequence of being so situated or placed as to be too far
from any external wall to render my first-described mode of ven-
tilation by means of perpendicular pipes practicable, and which con-
sequently require a horizontal ventilating pipe. To effect this purpose
I construct my deodorizing and purifying apparatus of a rectangular
or other convenient shaped metal or other box, the inlet pipe being
at one end, and the outlet pipe at the other end connected either with
or without screw unions, such box being filled with granulated charcoal
or other deodorizing material.
To cause the mephitical gas to traverse the deodorizing material
before being discharged, diaphragms of metal or other substance are
interposed in the interior, provision being made for a vacant air chamber
or chambers midway.
This apparatus is intended to be fixed horizontally between the joists
of a floor or other convenient position, the discharging pipe being carried
through the nearest external wall of the house.