Improvements in Hose Couplings.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st July, 1890-Accepted 9th Aug., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hose Couplings.
I, MELVILLE DEARING JONES, of Somerville, County of Middlesex, State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to Hose Couplings particularly that class employed where it
is desired to unite the ends of rubber tubing or similar material. Such a device, as
embodies my invention, is more properly speaking a hose-mender, since it is to be
applied interiorly of the rubber tubing and is intended to enable a defective spot to be
cut from a length of hose, and then join the ends of the two pieces to form a perfect
and continuous length, or it may be used in lieu of an ordinary pipe coupling, with a
sleeve and threaded sections.
The drawings represent in Fig. 1 an elevation of a hose-coupling embodying my
improvements partly in section: Fig. 2 shows a coupling with the end of a piece of
tubing attached. Fig. 3 is a view showing a sectional band employed to fasten the
end of the tubing and employed in some instances.
The object of my invention primarily is to produce a hose-coupling which is cheaply
made, readily applied and one whereby the internal bore of the pipe or tubing is not
diminished. By reference to drawings I have indicated a hose-coupling at, as an
entirely composed of a tubular casting, the bore of which is a cylinder and of equal
diameter or slightly larger than the size of pipe for which it is adapted. This casting
as shown in Fig. 2 in longitudinal section is proferably formed thickest in the middle
and gradually tapers to either end where the metal is very thin. Thus, as seen in
said figure the bore or diameter of the pipe is not contracted, an object of the greatest
importance.
To secure the hose 3 upon the coupling, a spiral thread is cut about the periphery
of said coupling, further a peculiar and important feature is found in the pitch, or
lead, so termed of the screw-thread. This pitch is a constantly varying one, greatest
in the middle part of the coupling and becoming less towards the ends. On reference
to Fig. 2 the threads are shown in cross-section as ratchet-formed by preference, since
they offer the greatest resistance to prevent the end of the hose from being pulled off
the coupling, and in this respect differ from the thread indicated in Fig. 1. which
is V in cross-section.
To enable the coupling to be inserted within the hose easily, and further to permit
it to be readily and properly fitted to create a tight joint, the screw-thread, see Fig. 2
is to be made tapering that is the depth of the threads, as shown at 5, is to be the
deepest near the middle of the coupling and becomes less until they almost vanish at
either end see same figure at 6. By this means the metal of the coupling at either
end can be made very thin and the capacity of the tubing not diminished. Further
the pitch of said screw-thread, as before premised, is not the same throughout but
increases from the ends towards the middle, or inversely as the depth of the thread.
The object of these peculiar features is for the following reasons: Firstly; the threads
are tapered toward each end to enable the metal to be made very thin at the ends of
the coupling; thus the capacity of the pipe or tubing at the point of coupling is not
diminished. Secondly; the threads are deepest in the middle that they may enter
more deeply the end of the hose, which is usually expanded and stretched at this
point; hence the tubing is held more firmly, than it would be otherwise provided the
same depth of thread existed. Thirdly; the pitch of the screw-thread is increased
from each end toward the middle in order to obtain the greatest pull at the point,
where such effect is desired, that is the farther the piping advances upon the coupling

page_text: the harder it goes, and the more tightly the material clasps said coupling, hence it is
here I desire that the increased pitch shall aid the operator.
It is to he noticed that the screw-thread formed upon either half of the coupling is
the same, that is, either both right-handed or both left-handed, as is desired. In the
use of old tubing, where the ends are much stretched it is frequently desirable to
secure the ends, for this purpose I have cut an annular groove 7 of considerable width
adapted to receive a spring band 8 or a coil of wire. To effect this I have drawn the
hose about the coupling until the ends overlap the screw-thread and then apply the
said spring-metal band; the latter is of considerable strength and crowds the ends
down into the groove making the fastening very effectual.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1st. A hose-coupling consisting of a tubular casting or short pipe provided with an
exterior screw-thread, said screw-thread having a varying pitch greatest in the middle
of said coupling and diminishing towards either end, substantially as stated and set
forth.
2nd. A hose-coupling composed of a casting having a straight, or cylindrical bore
and exteriorly screw-threaded, said screw-threads tapering in depth from the centre
of said coupling towards the ends, and with a varying pitch increasing from the ends
towards the middle, substantially as herein set forth.
3rd. A hose-coupling comprising a tubular casting having a central annular groove
exteriorly, and with screw-threads from said groove to either end, said threads being
both right-handed or both left-handed, diminished in depth from the middle of the
coupling outwardly and with reversely varying pitch, substantially as and for purposes
described.
Dated this 9th day of June 1890.
MELVILLE DEARING JONES.