IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Kyrke Penson, of Ferryside, Carmarthen-
shire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR
WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES."-A communication from abroad by
Adrien Delcambre, residing at Rue de Bourgoyne, Paris, in the Empire
of France.
Sealed the 16th June 1863, and dated the 9th April 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Kyrke Penson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th April 1863.
I, RICHARD KYRKE PENSON, of Ferryside, Carmarthenshire, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED
FOR WARMING RAILWAY CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used for
warming railway carriages. For these purposes a warmer is placed between
the seats, and in a position to come under the feet of the passengers.
It is preferred that this warmer should consist of a flat tubular chamber, but
the section and form of the warmer may be varied. A portion of the funnel
or chimney of the locomotive engine is partitioned off, so as to produce a
compartment open at the bottom to intercept part of the steam from
the steam cylinders. This compartment has a door or cover at the upper
part, which when open allows all the steam to rise up through the funnel

page_text: or chimney into the open air without being conducted into the warming
apparatus fixed in the passenger carriages. A steam pipe is connected to this
compartment in the chimney or funnel, by which the intercepted portion of
the steam is conducted to the warming apparatus in the passenger carriages.
The warmers contained in the different bodies or compartments of a
passenger carriage are connected together by suitable steam pipes, so that
steam having been conducted into the warming apparatus in that one of the
passenger carriages of a train which is next the locomotive engine circulates
through the warming apparatus of that carriage, and then, by means of
suitable couplings or connections between the succeeding carriages, the steam
is conducted from carriage to carriage, and thence ultimately into the open
nir. At each end of each passenger carriage is a flexible pipe, having a coiled
wire to strengthen and to maintain its figure. This tube and one end of the
coiled wire are fixed to a disc or plate, which has a short length of metal pipe
with a flange fixed thereto. This pipe and plate are supported in position
by a wire or other suitable stay. The two ends of two coupling tubes are
brought together when two carriages are coupled together, and two pendant or
lever clips draw and hold the two ends together, so as to form a continuous
passage for the steam to pass from one carriage to the next.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Kyrko Penson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 30th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
KYRKE PENSON, of Ferryside, Carmarthenshire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters S
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Kyrke Penson, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Kyrke Penson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Richard Kyrke Penson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR WARMING RAILWAY

page_text: "
CARRIAGES, a communication to me from abroad by Adrien Delcambre, a
person resident at Rue de Bourgoyne, Paris, in the Empire of France, upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard Kyrke Penson, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Kyrke Penson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus used for
warming railway carriages. For these purposes warmers are placed between
the seats of the carriages, and in a position to come under the feet of the
passengers. It is preferred that each warmer should consist of a flat tubular
chamber, but the section and form of the warmer may be varied. A portion
of the funnel or chimney of the locomotive engine is partitioned off, so as to
produce a compartment open at the bottom to intercept part of the steam
from the steam cylinders. This compartment has a door or cover at the
upper part, which when open allows the steam to rise up through the funnel.
or chimney and escape as is usual; but when the door or cover is closed, a
portion of the steam is intercepted, and a steam pipe connected to the com-
partment in the chimney or funnel leads the intercepted portion of the steam-
to the warming apparatus in the passenger carriages. The warmers contained.
in the different bodies or compartments of a passenger carriage are connected.
together by suitable steam pipes, and steam having been conducted into. the
warming apparatus in that one of the passenger carriages of a train which is
next the locomotive engine, circulates through the warming apparatus of that
carriage, and then, by means of suitable couplings or connections between the
carriages, the steam is conducted from carriage to carriage, and thence ulti-.
mately into the open air. It is preferred to form the couplings or connections
in the following manner :-At each end of each passenger carriage is a flexibló
pipe having a coiled wire to strengthen it and to maintain its figure. This tube-
and one end of the coiled wire are fixed to a disc or plate, which has a short
length of metal pipe with a flange fixed thereto, and the pipe aud plate are
supported in position by a wire or other suitable stays. When two carriages are
coupled, the two ends of two coupling tubes are brought together, and two,

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Into the
Figure 1 represents a sectional plan of parts of a railway carriage, having
warming apparatus constructed according to the Invention applied thereto;
Figure 2 is a similar view, but with some slight modification. a, a, are the
warmers, placed as shown between the seats, and in a position to come under
the feet of the passengers. A transverse section of one of the warmers drawn
to a larger scale is shown at Figure 3. The warmers a are each provided
with branch or junction pipes a', having flanges to connect them to other
similar junction pipes a' from the warmers in the adjoining compartments of
the carriage. The warmers at the ends of the carriages have also junction
pipes a formed on them for the purpose of connecting the warming apparatus
in one carriage with that in the next, as hereafter described.
warmers a, a portion of the waste steam from the locomotive is conducted
and caused to circulate in the following manner:-A portion of the funnel or
chimney of the locomotive engine is partitioned off, as is shown at Figures 4
and 5, which are respectively a horizontal and a vertical section of the funnel
or chimney. is the shell of the funnel or chimney, and c is a pipe fixed
therein, which at its lower end is in connection with or partly over the mouth
of the exhaust or blast pipe conveying the spent steam from the cylinders into
the funnel; the top of this pipe c is open, but it is provided with a door or
cover c', which turns upon a hinge at c, and has a lever & fixed upon it.
This lever is acted upon by a rod c to open or close the cover c³. When the
cover c is open it allows the steam to rise up through the funnel or chimney
and escape into the open air as usual; but when this door or cover c' is closed, a
portion of the steam is intercepted, and is conveyed by the pipe c, which is
connected to the pipe c, as shown, to the warming apparatus of the first of the
train of railway carriages. The steam after circulating through the warming
apparatus of that carriago is, by means of suitable couplings or connections
between the carriages, led from the warming apparatus of one carriage into
that of the next, and so on through the other carriages of a train, and thence
ultimately it escapes into the open air. Figure 6 is a sectional end view, and
Figure 7 a side view, of a coupling of the form preferred for connecting
together the warming apparatus of two adjoining carriages at each end of

page_text: each passenger carriage. In connection with the junction pipe a' is a flexible
pipe d, having coiled wire d' around it to strengthen it and to maintain its
figure. This pipe d and coiled wire d' are (fixed to a disc or plate e¹ upon a
short length of metal pipe e, on which is a flange e³. This pipe is supported
in position by wire stays f, or by other suitable means. When it is desired to
couple together the warming apparatus of two adjoining railway carriages,
the two ends or flanges e³ of two coupling tubes are brought together, and
two pendant or lever clips g, connected by pin joints g¹ to the ears or lugs e³,
aro passed over the flanges e, one on each side of the pipes, as the Drawings
show, and so the pendant or lever clips draw and hold the two ends of the
coupling tubes together, so as to form a continuous passage for the steam to
pass from carriage to carriage. The pondant or lever clips g may act by their
own weight, aided by friction between the parts, to keep the two flanges
together, or they may be kept in position by a cord or india-rubber band
passed around their ends g³.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be carried into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details herein shown and described; but what I
do claim is, the improvements in apparatus used for warming railway carriages,
substantially as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Kyrke Penson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
R. KIRKE PENSON. (L.B.)