Improvements in Velocipede Driving Gear.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 11th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 17th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Velocipede Driving Gear.
We JOHN KEEN of Portsmouth Road Long Ditton in the County of Surrey
and THOMAS RUSHFORTH MARRIOTT and FREDERICK COOPER both of 1 Holborn
Viaduct in the City of London, all Cycle Manufacturers do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention to be as follows :-
Heretofore the sun and planet gear has been applied to the driving of velocipedes
but this has necessitated the employment in bicycles fitted therewith of reciprocating
driving levers or pedals and also of a connecting rod fixed to the planet wheel; the
object of the present invention is to combine the sun and planet gear with a rotary
crank and pedal for the driving gear of velocipedes.
For this purpose we fix to the hub of the driving wheel a toothed wheel and we
mount another toothed wheel (the "planet" wheel) loosely on a stud carried by
the crank.
These toothed wheels gear into each other and are preferably of equal size. On
the fork bearing we fix rigidly a chain wheel and to the toothed wheel (or planet
wheel) on the crank is fixed another chain wheel; around these chain wheels is
passed a chain which is held fast by the chain wheel on the fork bearing and
thereby gives rotary motion to the planet wheel through the chain wheel fixed
thereto. By varying the proportions of the wheels the speed at which the velocipede
is driven may be varied.
As a modification the chain wheels and chain may be replaced by toothed wheels
and an intermediate wheel.
The crank is also preferably provided with means to facilitate adjustment of the
wheels carried thereby which arrangement facilitates the application of various
proportions of gearing as may be required.
Dated November 12th 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Velocipede Driving Gear.
We JOHN KEEN of Portsmouth Road, Long Ditton in the County of Surrey,
and THOMAS RUSHFORTH MARRIOTT and FREDERICK COOPER both of 1 Holborn
Viaduct in the City of London all Cycle Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to combine the sun and planet gear with a
rotary crank and pedal for the driving gear of velocipedes in a simple and effective
manner.
For this purpose we fix to the hub of the driving wheel a toothed wheel and we
mount another toothed wheel (the "planet" wheel) loosely on a stud carried by
the crank.
These toothed wheels gear into each other and are preferably of equal size or
nearly so.
On the fork bearing we fix rigidly a chain wheel and to the toothed wheel (or

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'planet" wheel) on the crank is fixed another chain wheel; around these chain
wheels is passed a chain which is held fast by the chain wheel on the fork bearing
and thereby gives rotary motion to the planet wheel through the chain wheel fixed
thereto. By varying the proportions of the wheels the speed at which the
velocipede is driven may be varied.
As a modification the chain wheels and chain may be replaced by toothed wheels
and an intermediate wheel.
And in order that our said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed aided by the acompanying drawings more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view and Figure 2 is an end view of parts of an ordinary
bicycle with our improved gear applied thereto. Figure 3 is a section thereof
taken through the centre of the hub with the chain removed and Figure 4 is a cross
section taken on the line 1. 1. of Figure 3. Figure 5 represents a slight modifi-
cation.
In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
a is the hub of the driving wheel and b is a toothed wheel fixed rigidly thereto,
c. c are the cranks mounted on the opposite ends of an inner spindle d which runs
freely through the hub of the driving wheel and is carried in suitable ball bearings.
The crank c carries a stud e passed therethrough and provided with a nut e¹ by
which it is held firmly in position.
Upon this stud e is loosely mounted a tootlied wheel (the "planet" wheel)
which gears into the toothed wheel & fixed rigidly on the hub of the driving wheel.
y.y' are the arms of the fork carrying the driving wheel. On the ends of these
arms are fixed suitable ball bearings g² and g³. On the bearing g² we fix rigidly a
chain wheel h and to the toothed wheel (or planet wheel) on the crank c is fixed
another chain wheel i. Around these chain wheels and is passed a chain j
which is held fast by the chain wheel h on the fork bearing g². When the crank
is revolved the chain ; gives rotary motion to the planet wheelf through the chain
wheel i fixed thereto, and this planet wheel gearing with the toothed wheel b fixed
on the hub of the driving wheel a, causes the driving wheel to revolve more quickly,
than the cranks.
In the drawings we have shown the fixed chain wheel with six teeth and the
loose chain wheel i with seven teeth while the toothed wheels band have
respectively 24 and 20 teeth but the proportions of the various wheels may be
varied according to the gear desired.
The planet wheel ƒ and chain wheel i are mounted on suitable ball bearings on
the stud e.
The spindle d is mounted at one end in the ball bearing g³ and at the other end
it runs upon balls carried in the interior of the hub a.
The hub is mounted at one end in the double ball bearings 9² and the other end
upon a row of balls running upon a cone on the spindle d. By this construction of
parts we are enabled to obtain very long bearings for the hub and spindle.
The chain wheel and the bearing 92 are divided horizontally and each half
chain wheel and half bearing g² are made in one piece of metal or are fixed
rigidly together, the upper and lower parts being connected together firmly by nuts
and bolts as shown in the drawings.
In Figure 5 the sun and planet wheels are omitted for the sake of clearness.
In this case the chain wheels and chain are replaced by toothed wheels ¹ and h¹
and a carrying or intermediate pinion mounted upon a stud k carried by an
enlargement formed upon the side of the crank is used for communicating motion
from the fixed wheel to the wheel i¹.
The crank may also be provided with means to facilitate adjustment of the
wheels carried thereby thus facilitating the application of various proportions of
gearing as may be required.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In velocipede driving gear the combination of sun wheel fixed on the hub of
the driving wheel and planet wheel on the crank, driven by a wheel fixed rigidly to
the fork bearing and communicating motion to the planet wheel through a chain
and chain wheel or by toothed gearing substantially as herein shown and described.
2. In velocipede driving gear the combination of sun wheel fixed on the hub of
the driving wheel, planet wheel revolving on pin fixed to the crank and gearing
with sun wheel, crank axle passing freely through the hub of driving wheel and
supported in bearings, gear wheel fixed on fork bearing and gearing therefrom, to
gear wheel fixed to planet wheel substantially as herein shown and described.
י.
1063
JOHN KEEN,
RUSHFORTH MARRIOTT,
FREDERICK COOPER,
By Harris & Mills,"
ampton Buildings, London, Agents.
JOHN KEEN,
RUSHFORTH MARRIOTT,
FREDERICK COOPER,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.