IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDE AND OTHER LAMPS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
JOSEPH LUCAS and HARRY LUCAS trading as Joseph Lucas and Son of the
"Tom Bowling" Lamp Works Little King Street, Birmingham Lamp Manufac-
turers, do hereby declare the nature of our Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
VELOCIPEDE AND OTHER LAMPS, to be as follows:-
Firstly, we desire to prevent the tendency of the adjusting or check-screws of
velocipede lamps to become loosened by providing then with an improved lock-
screw or nut.
Secondly we provide velocipede and other lamp resorvoirs with an improved
air-tight covering for tho feeding-holes.
Thirdly we desire to facilitate the lighting of velocipede and other lamps by
providing them with a bottle or receptacle for containing any kind of highly
inflammablo oil or spirit, and we attach the bottle or receptacle to the lamp by
any known method, in such a manner that it can readily be detached when required
for assisting in lighting the lamp.
Fourthly we provide velocipede hub lamps with a combination bearing which
we make in the following manner-To the middle of the velocipede shaft or
axle we fix a tubular collar or bearing made in two halves either jointed, hinged or
coupled together, or the one half sliding in a groove in the other and when the
two halves are closed on the axle they are fixed on it by screws. The counterpart
of this axle bearing is made of spring inctal, so that it will adapt itself to the
circumference of the axle-bearing when tightened round it by an adjusting-screw,
and is attached to the lamp.
If required, we line this spring-bearing with leather, cork, linoleum or other
similar inaterial which will prevent noise in working. The axle bearing and its
counterpart in the lamp may be made in a skeleton form for the sake of lightness.
The object of this "combination-bearing" is to provide a noiseless bearing for
the lamp to work on instead of on the axle itself-thus preventing the wearing of
the axle and at the same time dispensing with the necessity for what are known
as check-screws or wires which are generally used on such lamps for the purpose
of keeping them in the middle of the velocipede wheel.
We would remark that our improvements are partly based on the two Patents
granted to our Mr. Joseph Lucas and numbered 2493/1SS0 and 4457/1882.
We will now describe the first and second parts of our improvements with the
aid of the accompanying Drawings but the third and fourth parts we have already
sufliciently described in this Provisional stage of our Specification.
The first part of our improvements is shewn in Fig. 1 of the accompanying
Drawings which shows a representative form of velocipede lamp adjusting-screw
and a section of the several parts composing our improved lock-screw or nut.

page_text: A Fig. 1 is the adjusting-screw, the purpose of which is to adjust the lamp
bearing marked B on the velocipede axle C.
Now with the ordinary lock-screws or nuts at present in use, this adjusting-
screw has a tendency to turn round or unscrew when the lamp is in use and
consequently the lamp-bearing becomes loosened on the axle. The parts composing
our improved lock-screw or nut are marked D. E and F. The part marked D is
screwed on its outside at one end and is soldered or attached to the lamp as shown
at G. It will be seen that this part is hollow and that the adjusting-screw A
passes through it.
The cylindrical piece marked E is attached to the adjusting-screw A and has a
projecting rim or flange shown at H. The part marked F which we call the "nut"
is scrowed on its inside and has a rim or flange projecting inwards at one end as
shewn at H. The "nut" F can be freely turned on E but cannot be drawn
from E in the direction shown by the arrow, because the two flanges engage
together as shown at H and thus prevent the separation of F and E. It will
readily be seen that when the adjusting screw A is placed in its required position,
the nut F which is connected with A can be screwed on to D which is attached to
the lamp until the flanges of E and F bind together as shewn at II, and thus
prevent the adjusting-screw A from moving from the position in which it is placed.
The combination of the parts marked D. E. and F is new in its adaptation to
the purpose of locking the adjusting and check-screws of velocipede lamps.
The second part of our improvements is illustrated in Figs. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 and 7
which shew our arrangement of air-tight covering for the feeding holes of lamp
reservoirs.
K. Fig. 2 shows what we call the "neck." It may consist of one cylindrical or
other conveniently shaped piece of metal, with two opposite oblong cuts or slots
one of which is shown and marked L, or it may consist of two or more picces, say
one above what is hereafter called the "slide" and another below it. M. Fig. 3 is
flat piece which we call the "slide" having a hole N towards one end. O Fig. 4
is a hollow screw or collar which is screwed to fit in the upper part of K, and its
use is to bear down on the slide M. Figs. 5 and 6 shew sections of the neck K.
It will be seen that the upper part of K is screwed to receive O and that the
slide M passes through the two opposite slots already described in K. The lower
part of K is fitted with a ring or washer, P, of cork or leather or other suitable
material for forming a slightly yielding bed or bearing for the slide M to work
upon. Fig. 7 shews the complete arrangement attached to a lamp reservoir. It
will be readily seen that the slide A may be placed so that its hole N will corre-
spond with the central aperture of K as shown in Fig. 6, allowing a free passage
for oil to be poured through in the act of filling the reservoir-also that when
required the central aperture of K may be closed by pushing the slide into the
position shewn in Fig. 5, and that the screw O may be screwed down on the slido
so as to maintain it in the required position and at the same time by pressing the
slide on the washer of slightly yielding material a perfectly air-tight or oil-tight
covering for the feeding hole of the lamp reservoir is obtained. The combination
of the "slide" M with the bed or washer P under it and the tightening screw O
above it, as shewn in Figs. 5 and 6 is new. The slide only is not new.
The third and fourth parts of our improvements we have already sufficiently
described in this stage of our Specification.
Dated this Fourteenth day of January 1884

page_text: "
We, JOSEPH LUCAS and HARRY LUCAS, trading as Joseph Lucas and Son, of
the "Tom Bowling Lamp Works, Little King Street, Birmingham, Lamp
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of our Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN VELOCIPEDE AND OTHER LAMPS and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
First. We desire to prevent the tendency of the adjusting or check-screws of
velocipedo lamps to become loosened, by providing them with an improved lock-
screw or nut; which, together with our other improvements herein-after
mentioned, we will now describe with the aid of the accompanying Drawings.
A. Figure 1, is the adjusting-screw, the purpose of which is to adjust the lamp
bearing B. on the velocipede axle C. Now with the ordinary lock scrows or
nuts at present in use, this adjusting screw has a tendency to turn round or
unscrew when the lamp is in use, and consequently the lamp bearing becomes
loosened on the axle. The parts composing our improved lock screw or nut are
marked D. E and F. D is screwed on its outside at one end, and is soldered or
attached to the lamp as shewn at G. It will be seen that this part D. is hollow,
and that the adjusting screw A passes through it.
The cylindrical piece E. is attached to the adjusting screw A, and has a
projecting rim or flange shewn at H. The part F. which we call the "nut" is
screwed on its inside, and has a rim or flange projecting inwards at one end, as
also shewn at H. The "nut" F. can be freely turned on E. but cannot be drawn
from E. in the direction shewn by the arrow, because the two flanges engage
together as shewn at H, and thus prevent the separation of F. and E. It will
readily be seen that when the adjusting screw A. is placed in its required position,
the "nut" F, which is connected with A, can be screwed on to D. which is
attached to the lanp, until the flanges of E. and F. bind together as shewn at H,
and thus prevent the adjusting screw A. from moving from the position in which
it is placed.
The combination of the parts D. E. and F. is new in its adaptation to the
purpose of locking the adjusting and check screws of velocipedo lamps.
Secondly. We provide velocipede and other lamp reservoirs with an improved
air-tight covering for the feeding-holes, as illustrated by Figures 2-3-4-5-6-and 7.
K. Figure 2. shows what we call the "neck." It may consist of one cylindrical
or other conveniently shaped piece of metal, with two opposite oblong cuts or slots,
one of which is shown and marked L; or it may consist of two or more pieces,
say, one above what is hereafter called the " slide," and another below it.
M. Figure 3 is a flat piece which we call the "slide," having a hole N. towards
one end. O. Figuro 4. is a hollow screw or collar, which is screwed to fit in the
upper part of K, and its use is to bear down on the slide M. Figures 5 and 6
shew sections of the "neck" K. It will be seen that the upper part of K. is
screwed to receive O, and that the "slide M. passes through the two opposite
slots already described in K. The lower part of K. is fitted with a ring or
washer P, of cork, or leather, or other suitable material, for forming a slightly
yielding bed or bearing for the "slide" M. to work upon. Figure 7. shews the
"

page_text: complete arrangement attached to a lamp reservoir. It will readily be seen that
the "slide" M. may be placed so that its hole N will correspond with the central
aperture of K. as shewn in Figure 6, allowing a free passage for oil to be poured
through in the act of filling the reservoir; also that when required, the central
aperture of K. may be closed by pushing the "slide" into the position shown in
Figure 5, and that the screw O. may be screwed down on the "slide" so as to
maintain it in the required position, and at the same time by pressing the "slido"
on the washer of slightly yielding material, a perfectly air-tight or oil-tight
covering for the feeding-hole of the lamp reservoir is obtained.
"3
The combination of the "slide" M. with the bed or washer P. under it, and the
tightening screw O. above it as shewn in Figures 5. and 6. is new. The "slide"
only is not new.
Thirdly. We desire to facilitate the lighting of velocipede and other lamps, by
providing them with a bottle or receptacle for containing any kind of highly
inflammable oil or spirit, and we attach the bottle or receptacle to the lamp by any
known method, in such a manner that it can readily be detached when required for
assisting in lighting the lamp.
Figure 8. illustrates a velocipede lamp, with the small bottle A. (for containing
inflammable oil) fitted into a socket B. on the lower part of the front of the lamp.
Figure 9. shews the bottle withdrawn from the socket.
Fourthly. We provide velocipede hub lamps with a combination bearing, which
we make in the following manner. To the middle of the velocipede shaft or axle,
we fix a tubular collar or bearing made in two halves, either jointed, hinged, or
coupled together, or the one half sliding in a groove in the other; and when the
two halves are closed on the axle, they are fixed on it by screws. The counterpart
of this axle bearing is made of spring metal, so that it will adapt itself to the
circumference of the axle bearing when tightened round it by an adjusting screw,
and is attached to the lamp. If required, we line this spring bearing with leather,
cork, linoleum, or other similar material, which will prevent noise in working.
The axle bearing and its counterpart in the lamp, may be made in a skeleton form,
for the sake of lightness. The object of this combination bearing is to provide a
noiseless bearing for the lamp to work on, instead of on the axle itself; thus
preventing the wearing of the axle, and at the same time dispensing with the
necessity for what are known as check screws or wires, which are generally used
on such lamps for the purpose of keeping them in the middle of the velocipede
wheel.
Figure 10 is a front elevation of a velocipede axle A. with our lamp bearing B.
fixed on it. Figure 11. is an end elevation of same, shewing that the bearing B is
hinged or jointed at C. opening at the opposite end, but when closed as in the
Drawing, the two halves are held together by the screw 1), which also serves to
secure the bearing on the axle A. Figure 12 is a section of Figure 10 on the
line E. F. Figure 13 is a section of Figure 11 on the line G. H. Figure 14 is a
section of the upper part of a velocipede hub lamp, shewing the spring inetal
counterpart K. of the axle-bearing, with its lining L. and adjusting screw M. in
position, ready to place upon the axle-bearing B which together with the axle A.
is also shewn in section.
.
We would remark that our improvements are partly based on the two Patents
granted to our Mr. Joseph Luras, and numbered 2493/1880 and 4457/1882.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim.is
First The use in velocipede lamps of the lock nut or, screw as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figure 1.
Secondly The use in lamp reservoirs of our sliding covering for the feeder holes,
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 2-3-4-5-6 and 7.
:

page_text: Thirdly The uso on lamps of the receptacle for containing inflammable oil or
spirit, attached in the manner shewn.in Drawing, or by any other known.method
so that it can readily be detached when required, as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Figures 8 and 9.
Lastly-The combination of the cylindrical collar or bearing for fixing on a
velocipodo axle,-with-its-counterpart attached to the lamp,as-herein before described
and illustrated in Figures 10-11-12-13 and 14.