Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1886.
Specification Accepted, 25th Jan., 1887.
I, CÉSAR CORRON, of No. 14 Rue des Trois meules à St. Etienne (Loire) France,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to a machine for dyeing hanks or skeins of silk, cotton, linen,
woollen or other textile material, the bars which carry the skeins being separately
moved along the dye vat while they are caused either automatically or by hand to
turn so as to present fresh portions of the yarns to the dye. Fig. 1 of the
accompanying drawings is a side view, Fig. 2 is a half transverse section, and. Fig. 3
is a plan of a machine according to this invention. On each side of the vat B there
is a carriage A which is caused to travel along the vat lengthwise guided on a rack C
and moved by gear arranged as follows. A main shaft M having on it fast and loose
pullies for straight and crossed bands to effect reversal, drives by bevil gear L K two
On each shaft J is fitted with a
shafts J extending each along one side of the vat.
key a sliding sleeve with bevil pinion I which through bevil gear H G F drives a
shaft E. On this shaft is fixed a pinion D that gears with the rack C so that as the
shaft M revolves in the one direction or the other, the carriages A A are caused to
travel along the vat either way. As the carriages approach either end of the vat,
they, by meeting tappets on a bar X, act on the striking gear so as to shift the driving
bands and so reverse the movement. On each shaft E is fixed a boss having four
arms N in an eye of each of which is fitted to turn and slide a spindle O having a
coned end Q and on it a pinion R, and at the other end a roller P pressed back by a
spring P. A semicircular guide S is fixed at each side of the vat and beyond it an
internally toothed segment T. The bars which carry the skeins being lodged in
notches V cut in bars Y at each side of the vat, as one of the arms N in revolving
comes to such a position that by its roller P bearing against an incline of the guide
its spindle O is pressed forwards in opposition to the spring P¹, then its hollow cone Q
engages one end of the skein bar which it raises. Continuing its movement, while its
pinion R gears with the rack T the skein bar is caused to revolve, thus shifting the
position of the skeins hung from it, and finally as the arm leaves the other end of the

page_text: guide S, the cone Q retreats, and the skein bar is left in another of the notches V.
Thus the four arms N as they revolve while the carriage A travels to and fro, pick up
the skein bars successively, raise them out of the dye, shift the skeins on them by
causing them to revolve and deposit the bars at another part of the vat. When it is
desired to have no revolution of the bars to shift the skeins, the rack T may be raised
out of the way of the pinions R by the bell crank lever shewn in Fig. 1.
Figs. 4 and 5 shew respectively a side view and part transverse section of a modified
arrangement dispensing with the semicircular guide S for which are substituted
inclines that act on a pair of rollers a on the spindles of the arms N drawing back
these spindles for a moment in opposition to springs c and then letting them go, thus
engaging the skein bars in the hollow cones as the arms pass one set of the inclines bb¹
and disengaging them as they pass the other set.
Another modification is shown in side view by Fig. 6, in plan by Fig. 7 and in
transverse section by Fig. 8. In this case the carriages A¹ are made to slide along
guides by endless chains moved by chain wheels D' on a shaft driven by
gearing E F from the main shaft M'. On the carriages A¹ are mounted wheels X¹
caused to revolve by pinions a¹ gearing with projecting studs b. The skein bars have
at each end reduced parts d' and rollers e¹. As the wheels X revolve they engage
the reduced parts of the skein bars at one end of the long notches in their
peripheries, and raise them until they attain their highest elevation. Each skein bar
then rolls rapidly along the notch which is then inclined, thus giving a shift and shake
to the skeins, so as to separate the yarns from each other and ensure penetration of
the dye throughout them. As the skein bars are carried round by the wheels X¹
their rollers e bearing against the curved angle iron g' faced with caoutchouc are
caused to revolve, thus shifting the skeins. Before and behind the wheel X are
mounted rollers which cause the skein bars to engage with certainty in the notches
of the wheels. An endless web (which may be of wire gauze) guided by rollers /
prevents displacement of the skeins on the skein bars. When it is desired to prevent
revolution of the skein bars in the stroke from right to left, the angle iron g' is raised
by an incline at the end of its stroke to the left acting on a stud and engaging it
over a catch h¹ from which it is disengaged by j at the end of its stroke to the right.
When the skeins are stretched between two bars, the apparatus is modified as shewn
in the part transverse section Fig. 9 and part side view Fig. 10. On each side of the
bath is fixed a joist or girder A' having two projecting flanges B² which serve as
guides to the two carriages, one on each side of the bath, connected by a shaft C' and
a roller D at the top. A single shaft E extending along one side of the vat works
the shaft by bevil gear H2, provided in the usual way with reversing clutches, and
the shaft (by gear wheels J2 J³ works a chain wheel K² moving a chain L² which
passes over another chain wheel K³ on the shaft D. The chain bas jointed to it
suitable hooks for taking hold of and letting go the skein bars, which are raised one
by one and turned over the roller D2 the skeins descending in an inverted position.
A chain pinion N on the shaft D2 works by chain wheels N³ and cranks P levers M*
which engage the skein bars and carry them onwards. The movement of the carriage
is effected by a pawl S2 worked by an eccentric S³ engaging in teeth on the upper
edge of the guide bar B2. Spring fingers T engaging between the two skein bars
hold the second bar until the first is moved by the hooks of the chain L' so far as to
stretch the skeins, and thereupon others of the hooks I engage the second bar.
By the use of machines such as have been described, it is possible for several dye
vats to be attended to together without requiring skilled labour. When the shift of
the skeins is to be effected by hand, the arrangement shewn in Fig. 11 may be
dopted. The carriage moved in any convenient way acts by a star wheel engaging
with studs to turn the wheel Z which takes up skein bars on one side and leaves them
on the other side. Or, as shewn in Fig. 12 the carriage has two polygonal or chain
wheels V¹ moving a chain which has hoods to take and carry on the skein bars which
may be caused to revolve by star wheels or pinions on them engaging with studs or
rack teeth.

page_text: Machinery such as has been described may be transferred from one dye vat to
another, or inay work a set of several vats under it. It is of advantage to steady the
skeins by bars introduced as shewn in Fig. 2 below the main bars, which may be of
many different forms. That form which is preferred is shewn by Fig. 13 as a frame,
which provides against entanglement of the threads by twisting as the bar revolves,
and which by one revolution gives sufficient shift to the skeins.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim in
respect of machinery for dyeing hanks or skeins of textile materials, is :-
1. The arrangement substantially as described of carriages moving along the vat
with revolving arms or notched wheels to take hold of, carry over and let go the
successive skein bars.
2. For effecting shift of the skeins, the use of pinions or star wheels on the skein
bars engaging with toothed segments, or of rollers on the bars arranged to run along
curved guides.
3. The arrangement of the rollers f¹ Fig. 6 for ensuring the taking up of the skein
bars.
4. The modified arrangement, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 9
and 10, wherein endless chains operate in combination with a roller for moving the
skein bars and shifting the skeins.
5. The use of frame skein bars such as are described with reference to Fig. 13.
6. The combination of mechanical parts for communicating movement to the
carriages, effecting reversal of travel, giving rotation to the skein bars by racks or
curved guides, and for disengaging the racks or curved guides when desired to avoid
rotation of the bars, substantially as described.