IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR LETTERS PATENT
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Guthrie of Sunderland in the County of Durham,
Foreman Blacksmith for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
LETTERS PATENT to George Guthrie of Sunderland in the County of Durham,
Foreman Blacksmith for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MANUFACTURING WEDGES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF IRON OR OTHER METALS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Guthrie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1882.
"
GEORGE GUTHRIE, of Sunderland, in the county of Durham, Foreman Black-
smith, IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING WEDGES AND OTHER
ARTICLES OF IRON OR OTHER METALS
"
My improvements relate to machinery for rolling bars of iron and other metals
and forming therefrom wedges and other articles of smiths' work.
My improved machinery or apparatus consists of two or more rolls mounted
above each other in a suitable frame. The said rolls are of equal diameter and are
geared together so as to be driven at the same speed; or the said rolls may be of
different diameters. The lower roller is provided with grooves or channels around
its periphery, the said grooves or channels being of the width of the bar of metal
it is desired to work. The flanges or ribs of the said lower roll work into grooves
or channels in the upper roll while the flanges or ribs of the upper roll work into
the grooves or channels in the lower roll. The flanges or ribs of the upper roll
have their surfaces so formed and arranged that by passing the bar of metal one
or more times between the rolls articles of the required form are produced; or the
articles may be formed by suitable dies inserted in the said rolls. My improved
machine is provided with a reciprocating table for feeding the bars of metal into
the machine. This table is mounted upon a suitable frame and is furnished with
elevated guides and one or more rollers for keeping the bars in position as they
are fed into the machine. Motion is imparted to the said table by means of a
connecting rod and eccentric on the shaft of one of the rolls, and the motion of the
said table can be stopped or regulated as desired. The gear wheel on the shaft of
the upper roll is so arranged upon a ferrule keyed to the said shaft, that by means
of teeth in the said ferrule and a wormed spindle on the said gear wheel the latter
can be adjusted so as to place the dies exactly above each other; and backlash
prevented.

page_text: Figure Is a front elevation of my improved machine.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same
Figure 3 is a plan of the reciprocating table for feeding the bars of metal into
the machine.
Figure 4 shows the arrangement of mechanism for adjusting the upper roll.:
Figure 5 is a section of the upper roll used for making tapered wedges.
Figure 6 is a plan of a roll for making bolts.
My improved machine consists of a suitable frame in which are mounted an
upper roll A and a lower roll B, the shafts of the said rolls being geared together
by the toothed wheels F and G mounted upon the said shafts. Both rolls A and B,
are formed of chilled cast iron or other suitable material. The rolls shown in
Figures 1, 2 and 5 are designed for the manufacture of flat tapered wedges and
in this case the lower roll B is grooved in the ordinary manner of a roll for rolling,
flat bars, the said grooves being of the width of the bars of metal it is desired 'to'
work. The upper roll A is also grooved, the flanges or ribs b of the lower roll-B
working in the grooves of the upper roll A and the ribs a of the upper roll working
in the grooves of the lower roll B. The ribs a of the upper roll A are provided

page_text: with tapering notches a¹ the number of these notches varying on each rib. Thus
the, first rib may have three notches, the second rib four notches, the third-rib five
notches and so on, the length of the notches or recesses, in the rib having the
smallest number of the said notches, to be the desired length of the finished article
to be produced. The first "pass" of the bar of metal is made with the rib having
the greatest number of notches, the bar being successively passed under the other
ribs so that the metal is reduced as it is elongated, each notch.a' in that roll which
has the largest number of the said notches, containing as much metal as is requisite
to make the finished article. The cutting edge of each notch is formed by.a steel
cutter a dovetailed into the roll as shown in Figure 5, the said cutters being held
in position by circular plates secured to the ends of the rolls by means of tap bolts.
The pressure on the upper roll A is regulated by screws or in any other suitable
manner. Instead of the rolls being arranged as above described, they may be so
arranged that the ribs of the rolls work in contact with each other, the necessary
dies for the production of the desired articles being formed in or inserted into the
said ribs. Figure 6 shows one of a pair of rolls of this description used for
making bolts. Dies a¹¹¹ of half the section of the bolt are sunk into the ribs of
each roll and steel cutters all are dovetailed into each roll at the termination of
each die.
The bar of metal is fed into the machine by the reciprocating table C mounted
on a frame C'. The said table is provided with guides c for keeping the bar in a
line with the grooves in the rolls and over the said table one or more rollers J
are mounted. The said roller holds the bar down upon the table C and ensures
its being properly fed into the machine. The projecting toothed segment J' acts
as a wedge but when the rolls A and B take the bar the roller J allows the bar
to pass under it. K is a stop-bar with T ends held down by bolts through the
table top. This bar K prevents the roller J from getting any farther over than
the top centre and thus keeps it in position. At each end of the bar K are screws
for regulating the roller J according to the thickness of the metal to be passed
under it. The reciprocating table C is operated by the rocker arms D upon the
shaft D' actuated by the connecting rod and eccentric E on the shaft of the lower
roll B. The table C may be stopped or started at any part of its travel by raising
or depressing the rod H the notch in the eccentric rod taking the pin D" in the
arm D. The travel of the table C can be regulated by raising or lowering the
said pin D and the distance of the said table from the rolls can be regulated by
connecting the arms D to the table C.
For the purpose of adjustment of the upper roll so as to bring the cutters or dies
into their proper position, and to prevent backlash I employ the arrangement
shown in Figure 4. A ferrule d is keyed upon the shaft of the roll A the said
ferrule being provided at its outer end with a flange having a few teeth formed
upon its edge. The wheel G fits loosely upon the ferrule d and is provided with
bearings e in which revolves a worm-spindle f. When the said spindle is revolved
the wheel G revolves upon the ferrule d and when the roll A has been properly
adjusted the spindle f may be secured in any ordinary manner, such as by check-
nuts or a pin and the whole will then revolve with the wheel G.
By my improved machinery the wedges, tapers or other articles are produced
consecutively, the machine rolling them points first and they can be produced of
any section by varying the form of one or both of the rolls. By inserting suitable
dies in the upper and lower rolls a variety of articles of smith's work may be
produced and when necessary three or more rolls may be mounted above each
other. The rolls and dies or cutters employed are so formed and arranged that the
dies or cutters are readily inserted into or removed from the said rolls. When
more than two rolls are employed a feed-table may be used at both sides of the
machine.
Having thus fully described my said invention and shown how the same may
be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I claim
First: The production of tapered wedges and other articles of smith's work by

page_text: passing the metal between two or more grooved rolls one or both of the said rolls
being provided with notches; cutters or dies, the form of the said notches, cutters
or dies being varied according to the article desired to be produced and the rolls;
cutters and dies being arranged so as to form the articles consecutively by rolling
them points first, substantially as described.
Second-The reciprocating table C with guides c roller J with projecting
segment J¹ and stop-bar K substantially as shown and described.
Third:The ferrule d with toothed flange in combination with the worin
spindle carried in bearings e on the wheel G substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
:
In witness whereof I the said George Guthrie have. hereunto set my hand and
seal this second day of June in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.