New Mud-guard or Dust-shield for Cycles and other Light Road Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 18th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New Mud-guard or Dust-shield for Cycles and other Light Road
Vehicles.
I, JOHN HENDERSON WILSON, Ironmonger of 13 High Street, West End,
Kirkcaldy, in the County of Fifeshire, do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to, and comprises an altogether new cantilever
mud-guard, very light, and collapsible, for attachment and use on bicycles, tricycles,
or other light road vehicles. And is suitable for wheels of various diameters,
or with any kind of tyres, metal, rubber, hollow, air, or cushion, or other
substance.
I claim that the levers that form the main working portion (these levers being
eyeleted, hinged, jointed, screwed, or rivited on or from the wheel-spindle) can be
extended to any required angle or length. By this extention the levers carry the
under-cleaning wire or lever and protecting-shield to the outer surface of the tyre.
This cleaning-wire or lever, which is formed to suit the tyre, can be adjusted to all
kinds of tyres, and may be instantly in use, or otherwise, as desired.
Another method claimed is to fit or attach, stationery, upon the frame, a single
or double stay, and fixed by bolts, nuts, or screws, or other suitable means.
.
A guard, formed of a tongue-shaped piece of sheet rubber, or other suitable
material, and having a hood or funnel of same material cemented on top, is fixed
over the ends of main lever, and then hangs downwards, five or six inches. Thus
forming a shield which catches all mud or dust thrown off the tyre by the cleaning-
lever underneath. The top portion of this rubber (or other material) guard still
further assists the carrying off of mud or dust. It being formed like a hood or
funnel, a current of air, caused by the machine when in motion, is driven through
it, carrying off, ground wards, any accumulation of mud or dust."
To facilitate the renewing of the cleaning-wire or lever, the portion which comes
in contact with the tyre, is made with a double bend, cased in a small tube.
This tube may be pushed upwards, and the lower portion of the lever or
cleaning-wire removed for renewal.
Another arrangement is to have the upper portions of the cleaning-wire or lever
formed with eyes at the ends, and a cord of hemp, or rubber, or other suitable
material fixed in the same manner as already described.
Or again, a brush of hair, fibre, rubber, steel or other material, working or
revolving on a spindle underneath the shield, or fixed stationary to the ends of levers
or stays.
But preferably a light wire, readily attached or detached by slipping up the
ends through the eyes formed on the ends of levers or stays, and then passing a
small tube down over both. Thus holding both quite firm and immovable.
The levers may be made of light tubes, or steel wires, double and warped
together, and soldered, and tinned or plated, or small tubes passed over both, with
eyes formed at each end.
The mode of construction is accomplished by making, first, the two long levers
or stays, at each side of the wheel, of lengths about three-quarters the diameter of
the wheel, with knees or bends at one end to receive the mud or dust-shield, with
wire-cleaner attached thereto, (as already described) and at the other, hinged or
eyeleted folding joints.
The second two levers or stays, for each side of the wheel, are then made about
one-third of the length of the first. At one end of each, an eye is formed, which
is rivited, screwed, or fastened into the latter eye of the first mentioned lever, on

page_text: the other is a washer-shaped eyelet. This eyelet is passed over the spindle of
wheel, or wheel centre, and held in a vertical position by the nut of same, and can
be adjusted backwards or forwards as may be desired, or according to the
requirements of the diameter of the wheel, or as the position of the mud-guard or
dust-shield may necessitate.
There is also a third lever or stay at each side, the ends of which are eyeleted,
and through which the spindle of wheel passes. This lever is held in a borizontal
position by the nut on the spindle which has already received the washer ends of
the second lever. This third lever is about half the diameter of the wheel. At
the other end from that through which the spindle passes are two eyes, to allow the
first lever to pass through, and slide backwards and forwards, as may be desired
for the lowering or extending of the mud-guard or shield to any place or position
round the wheel, and for supporting the weight.
These three levers (on either side of the wheel) when in position for cleaning the
tyre, bear the form of an isosceles triangle.
The cape, or mud-guard, or dust-shield is made of sheet-rubber, or well water-
proofed canvas, or such like material (as already mentioned) and may vary
according to the requirements of the different tyres. The tongue-shaped portion
is made wider at the bottom to protect from the back-splash of the wheel.
The front wheel of an ordinary safety rear-driving bicycle would require a shield
about eight inches wide at the lower back portion.
The cleaning-wire or lever underneath this shield is made and attached in several
ways. It may be eyeleted, hinged, screwed, or held by springs, rivited or clasped,
or tubes slipped over, or simply hooked on, or fastened by slickets or holes, or
warped on.
I claim either way, but find eyelets very convenient and suitable for most
purposes.
Dated 4th November 1892.
JOHN HENDERSON WILSON,
13, High Street, Kirkcaldy.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New Mud-guard or Dust-shield for Cycles and other Light Road
Vehicles.
I, JOHN HENDERSON WILSON Ironmonger of 13 High Street, West End,
Kirkcaldy, in the County of Fife, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention has reference to a new or improved arrangement of mud-guard
and construction of dust shield, and construction arrangement and combination of
levers, frames, and cleaning fittings to be used on the wheels of cycles or other light
road vehicles.
The improvements essentially consist in the arrangement and use of two sets of
three hinged or jointed and adjustable levers or rods, one set on each side of the
vehicle wheel and a frame secured to the lever rods to carry a mud-guard. or a dust
shield, said rods also carrying a wire, rotary or stationary brush or equivalent tyre
cleaning organ.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a back end view and Figure 2 a side elevation of the front wheel of
a bicycle showing the levers and frame of my improved mud-guard employed as a
luggage carrier.

page_text: Figures 3 and 4 are side and back end views respectively of the rear wheel of a
bicycle, showing my improved mud-guard and its fittings applied thereto; and
Figure 5 is a side view showing the mud-guard as applied to the front wheel of
a bicycle.
Figures 6 and 7 are side and end views corresponding to Figures 3 and 4 but
showing the mud-guard lever fittings out of use. While Figures 8 and 9 are front
end and side views of the front wheel of the bicycle with mud-guard lever fittings
out of use as in Figures 6 and 7.
Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the levers and frame of the mud-guard
and the tyre cleaning wire detached and complete.
Figure 11 is a side view of the rear wheel of a bicycle showing the leather or
other mud-guard covering in position behind the tyre.
Figures 12 and 13 show back and side views respectively of my improved funnel
or hood shaped dust guard detached.
Figures 14 and 15 show side and back views respectively of my rotary brush
and its fittings detached; and Figure 16 shows the rotary brush applied to the tyre
of a cycle wheel, and driven by a crossed band.
Referring to these drawings:-My improvements consist in forming a triangular
lever frame consisting of two sets of three rods or links A, B, C. The rods A
and B are connected together by eyelet or equivalent stud hinges at b, and the
rods C are connected to the rods A by links and sliding collar couplings at a, and
capable of being shifted or adjusted on the rods A and secured in any desired
position by thumb or pinching screws. When used for carrying the mud-guard
and tyre cleaning devices, on either the front or rear wheels of a cycle, as shown in
Figures 3 to 5 and 10 and 11, the eyelet ends of the rods B and C of this triangular
lever frame, are mounted over the spindle of the hub of the wheel and fixed with
the screw nut of the same at c. The mud-guard carrying frame consists of two
kneed or shaped wires or light rods D, E, bent at their inner ends to form
transverse spindles d, e, with eyes at ends of said spindles to ship on to and swivel
on eyelet studs secured at a to the ends of the longer rods A, A. The tyre
cleaning wire H would consist of a similar arrangement of U shape bent or curved
inwards at H', towards the ends to bear on the tyre, and mounted by swivel eyes at
its ends on the eyelet studs at a¹. In placing the leather, cloth or like mud-
guard F on the frame, the limbs D, E, would be spread out, and the covering F be
attached by hooks fat its ends on to these parts, as shown in Figure 11. By an
alternative arrangement instead of using the mud-guard covering F and its carrying
frame swivelling links D, E, a dust shield would be substituted, consisting as shown
in Figures 12 and 13 of a tongue or like shaped piece of rubber or flexible
material G, with an overlapping bridge part G¹ cemented or secured on its upper
surface to form an open hood or funnel with air and dust exit space g. The dust
shield G would be secured to the ends of the rods A, A, of lever frame by doubling
its edges over said rods and cementing the rubber parts together to form a hollow
space to encircle said rods at G. The free end of the shield G would flap down-
wards from the ends of the rods A, A, to bear over and catch all dust thrown off
by the wire H or equivalent tyre cleaning device.
Figures 14 to 16 show how a rotary brush may be substituted, over the wheel
tyre, for the cleaning wire G. In this arrangement the brush spindle h¹ would be
mounted in bearings at I' in a bracket frame I, which would be carried on the ends
of the rods A, and in this case the adjustable stay levers C, C, may be dispensed
with. A pulley i, is mounted on the end of the brush spindle ¹ and this is driven
by a crossed band from a pulley mounted on the rotating driving spindle of
cycle wheel. Instead of the brush being driven by a band, it may be mounted
to rotate loose by end spindles in the bearings 1' or these spindles may be fixed in
the bearings I, to form a stationary brush.
In fine weather when mud-guard, dust shield or tyre cleaner are not required,
the lever frame may be disconnected by unshipping the joints at c from the spindle
of the wheel hub, and instead mounting the stud eyelet joints at 6 of the rods A, B,

page_text: on said hub spindle to place the fittings in the position shown in Figures 6 to 9,
stud pins or bolts and nuts being then inserted in the joint eyes at c; and in this
case the mud-guard frame links D, E, may be spread out and utilized to carry a
parcel or other luggage as shown at Z in Figures 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The construction and use of triangular or equivalent formed levers or
lever frame, mounted and connected together, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth, in reference to and by way of application shown in the accom-
panying drawings.
Second. The combination and use of kneed or equivalent mud-guard frame links
on the end of adjustable levers, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth, in reference to and by way of application shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Third. The construction and use of an overhauging dust guard with open bridge
or hood placed over the tyre of wheel, substantially as herein described in
reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. The arrangement and use of a bent wire or lever for bearing over and
cleaning the dust from the wheel tyres, substantially as herein described in
reference to and by way of application shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. The arrangement and use of a driven or a loosely movable rotary brush,
or a stationary brush, mounted over the wheel tyres, substantially as herein
described in reference to and by way of application shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Deted this 8th December 1802
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.