Improvements in Gas, Air, and Oil Burners.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 21st Apr., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas, Air, and Oil Burners.
1, ROBERT PEMBERTON, Gentleman, of 22 Madison Avenue, in the City of
Anderson, County of Madison, State of Indiana, in the United States of America,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in burners for oil,
air and gas, natural or manufactured, and for introducing and mixing cru·le
petroleum oil in conjunction with natural gas and employing either a steam jet or a
blast pressure or compressed air at any suitable pressure to properly consume the
carbons contained therein. I find it advantageous though not necessary to pass
the air or blast pipe for a short distance through the heated brickwork this
making the air very hot before mixing with the gas or oil at the point of
combustion. I provide a combustion chamber into which leals an inlet for gas
and an independent inlet for oil, and in a direction substantially at right angles
thereto an inlet for steam and air. Provision is made for a blast when desired.
I provide short pipes or tubes leading from the annular chamber or conduit around
the air chamber forward to the outlet into the fire or combustion chamber of the
device, which pipes are preferably inclined with relation to the walls of the
chamber and serve to carry and direct the gas well forward and prevent return or
back flashes to explode or cause explosion outside of the combustion chamber.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear and the
novel features thereof will be specifically defined by the appended claims.
:
The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings which, with
the letters of reference marked thereon form a part of this Specification and in
which
Fig. 1 is a central section through a burner constructed in accordance with my
invention.
Fig. 2 is an end view thereof.
Fig. 3 is a top plan.
Like letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views.
Referring now to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates the main or
body portion of the device which may be of any suitable size and material formed
with an annular conduit or reservoir a, with which communicates a pipe B for the
inlet of gas, and a pipe C for the inlet of oil, the said pipes being connected with
any suitable source of supply. The passage through the said body portion
opposite the conduit or reservoir is contracted as seen in. Fig. 1, and the outer end
is flaring outwardly as seen in the same view. The wall of the body portion at the
points where the pipes are screwed thereinto are enlarged as seen at a¹ and if
desired, a collar A' may be provided as seen in Figs. 1 and 3.
The other end of the body portion is formed with a flange a² for connection with
the flange b, of an elbow or coupling B' which in turn is provided with a flange b
for connection with the flange c, of a vertical pipe C, which is tapered in both
directions from near the centre of its length outward toward the ends as seen in
Figs. 1 and 2. Within the outer end of this tapered pipe extends a steam
pipe D which is designed to be connected with some suitable source of supply and
provided with a suitable valve or cock by which the flow of steam therethrough
may be regulated as occasion may require. The steam pipe may be supported in
any suitable manner as in the arms of a spider E held to the end of the pipe C¹ and
which is provided with passages d, for air as seen in Figs. 1 and 3. F are a

page_text: plurality of small pipes communicating with the reservoir or conduit a, of the body
portion and extending forward in an inclined direction toward the mouth of the
body portion as seen in Figs. 1 and 2 to conduct the gas from the said reservoir
well forward into the flaring mouth as will be seen from Fig. 1. Suitable means
are provided for shutting off or regulating the blast; I have shown a gate I
arranged to slide between the parts A and B' and operated by suitable means, as a
handle or extension i. Another slide or gate may be arranged to entirely shut off
the blast when desired or necessary. It is deemed important that the outlet
pipes Fincline from the reservoir toward each other in the direction of the
discharge end of the device as shown, so as to get the oil well forward and to
prevent explosion as this arrangement avoids all danger of the oil or gas getting
back into the blast pipes; it also places the oil outlet in the best position for the oil
to be converted into spray by the action of the steam or hot blast entering behind
said oil outlet pipes, thus forcing the oil well forward and by inclining these small
pipes any leakage of gas or oil after the blast and steam connections are closed will
be consumed in the combustion chamber and cannot possibly cause a back draft or
explosion in the pipe.
In practice, if the device is to be used in connection with a steam boiler, all that
is necessary is to simply cut a hole in the furnace door or other portion and bolt or
otherwise secure the burner in place; then connect the steam pipe D with a steam
supply and connect the gas pipe B with a source of gas.
If it is desired to mix crude petroleum oil with the gas suitable connection is
made with the oil pipe C. I have found that natural gas can be both economically
and advantageously used where great heat is desired, as in puddling furnaces and
steel melting furnaces, also in heating furnaces of every description, the hot blast
will serve to prevent the formation of excess of oxide of iron or scaling; in cases
where the supply of natural gas fails or gives out the crude oil connections give
and prove a valuable. substitute; all that is necessary to do is to close the gas
connection and turn on the crude oil and the operation proceeds as before.
Modifications in detail may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of
the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with the air-chamber with its surrounding reservoir and
tapered outlet, of the oil and gas pipes communicating with the reservoir, the steam
and air inlets and the small pipes leading from said reservoir in an inclined
direction toward each other and opposite to the incline of the outlet, substantially
as specified.
2. The combination with the air chamber with its surrounding reservoir and
tapered outlet, of the oil and gas pipes communicating with the reservoir, the steam
and air inlets and the small pipes leading from said reservoir in an inclined
direction toward each other and opposite to the incline of the outlet and terminating
between the reservoir and the enlarged end of the outlet, substantially as
specified.
3. The combination with the body portion having annular reservoir, of the elbow
connected therewith and the oppositely tapered pipe jointed to said elbow, the
steam and air inlets to the outer end of the double tapered pipe and the oil and
gas inlets to the reservoir and inclined small pipes leading from the reservoir toward
each other and toward the outlet end of the main or body portion, substantially as
specified.
4. The combination with the body portion having annular reservoir, of the elbow
connected therewith and the oppositely tapered pipe joined to said elbow, the steam
and air inlets to the outer end of the double tapered pipe and the oil and gas inlets
to the reservoir and inclined small pipes leading from the reservoir toward each
other and toward the outlet end of the main or body portion said pipes extending

page_text: in a direction opposite to the taper of the outlet and terminating within the same,
substantially as specified.
5. The combination with the body portion having annular reservoir, of the elbow
connected therewith and the oppositely tapered pipe joined to said elbow, the steam
and air inlets to the outer end of the double tapered pipe and the oil and gas inlets
to the reservoir and inclined small pipes leading from the reservoir toward each
other, and toward the outlet end of the main or body portion and the sliding gate
arranged between the reservoir and the double tapered pipe at the junction of the
main or body portion and the elbow, substantially as specified.
6. The construction of the body portion of the device with a flaring mouth and
with the surrounding reservoir and having the described arrangement of pipes
leading therefrom adapted to direct the oil and gas well forward into the said
flaring mouth of the body portion:
Dated this 6th day of March 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.