from Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral Substances.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 4th May, 1889-
from Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral Substances.
I, OTTO CHRISTIAN HAGEMANN, of 5 Oak Lane, Limehouse in the County of
Middlesex Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to an improved process for extracting moisture and volatile
bodies from animal, vegetable or mineral substances.
The main object of my invention is to eliminate water or other volatile bodies from
mineral, vegetable or animal substances and to recover the volatile bodies thus
eliminated. My said invention moreover comprises various other improvements
hereinafter set forth.
In carrying out my invention, I employ carbonic acid gas or nitrogen, or other suitable
gases or mixtures of gases choosing such gases as have the least or no chemical action on
the substances under treatment. The gas or gases are passed through a vessel which
contains the said substances and wherein the temperature may be regulated according
to circumstances. The gas becomes charged with the volatile body or bodies and on
passing out from the vessel it is then brought into contact with substances suitable for
fixing the volatile bodies, but which have no such or only little retaining action on the
gas or gases.
The gas thus freed from the volatile bodies is then made to pass again through the
vessel containing the substances under treatment and thereafter to come into contact
with the said fixing substances, and the gas circulates in this way, until the volatile
matters are sufficiently eliminated from the said substances and the said process is
thus made continuous. The nature of the said fixing substance varies according to
the nature of the volatile bodies to be fixed by them. Thus for example in drying
meat, vegetables, delicate chemicals or the like, I employ glycerine, sulphuric acid,
deliquescent salts or other suitable substances, from which the moisture taken up in
the process can be readily expelled afterwards. Or with the object of extracting
scents, essential oils, or the like I employ purified fats, glycerine, strong solutions of

page_text: sugar or other suitable materials in which case the solution thus obtained either forms
in itself a useful commodity or may be freed again from the essence thereafter. Or I
can employ suitable material for removing noxious smells from meat and other such
substances, or disinfecting bodies.
An important feature of my said invention is that the above processes can be
performed at a low temperature and that the circulating gases are innocuous to the
substances worked upon; therefore the products thus obtained are in a high state of
perfection.
D
حيم
1
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: An improved Process for Extracting Moisture and Volatile Bodies
from Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral Substances.
I, OTTO CHRISTIAN HAGEMANN, of 5 Oak Lane, Limehouse in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to a process for extracting moisture and volatile bodies from
animal, vegetable or mineral substances.
The main object of my said invention is to eliminate or extract moisture water or
other volatile bodies from vegetable animal or mineral substances, and to recover the
volatile bodies thus eliminated or extracted.
For this purpose I provide for passing gas through a chamber containing, the
substance to be treated and then eliminating from the said gas the moisture vapour
taken up thereby and again using the gas for taking up more moisture or vapour.
My said invention comprises moreover various other improvements hereinafter
set forth.
An important feature of my said invention is that by my improved process the
said operation can be performed at a low temperature and the circulating gas or gases
being practically innoxious to the substances being treated the products obtained are
in a high state of perfection.
In carrying my said invention into practice I employ carbonic arid gas, nitrogen
or any other suitable gas or vapors or mixture of gases preferably choosing such gas
or gases as have the least or no chemical action on the substance or substances
under treatment. The gas or gases are caused to pass through a suitable vessel or
receptacle which contains the substance or substances, intended to be treated and
wherein the temperature may be regulated according to circumstances, the said gas
or gases then become charged with the volatile body or bodies and on passing out
from the vessel or receptacle are brought into contact in any other suitable vessel or
receptacle with a substance or substances suitable for fixing the said volatile bodies
with which they are charged. The substance or substances employed for this
purpose are such as have comparatively little or no retaining action on the gas
or gases.
The gas after being thus freed from the volatile bodies is then caused to pass
again through the vessel or receptacle containing the substance or substances under
treatment and thereafter to pass again into the vessel or receptacle containing the
fixing substance or substances and to come into contact with 'the latter. In this
manner the said gas or gases are caused to circulate until the volatile matters are
sufficiently eliminated from the substance or substances under treatment, the said
process is thus made continuous. The nature of the said fixing substance or substances
1.

page_text: varies according to the nature of the volatile bodies intended to be fixed by them.
Thus for example in drying or extracting moisture from meat vegetables delicate
chemicals or the like, I prefer to employ glycerine, sulphuric acid, deliquescent salts
or any other suitable substance from which the moisture taken up in the first part
of the process can be readily expelled or extracted afterwards by any well known
In cases where it is desired to extract scents, essences, essential oils or the
like I sometimes employ purified fats, glycerine, strong solutions of sugar or other
suitable fixing materials.
means.
In this case the solution thus obtained either forms in itself a useful commodity or
it may be freed again from the scent essence or essential oil thereafter in any suitable
manner.
I sometimes moreover employ animal or vegetable charcoal a solution of perman-
ganate or other suitable substance for deodorizing or removing noxious smells from
meat and other such substances or disinfecting bodies.
In applying my said invention to the extraction of moisture or drying of animal
substances such as for example any suitable description of meat the operation is as
follows. That is to say, I provide a suitable vessel or receptacle intended to contain
the said meat and so arranged as to permit the latter to be thoroughly subjected to
the action of the gas or gases employed. Into this vessel or receptacle I introduce
carbonic acid gas nitrogen or any other suitable gas or mixture of gases. This gas
after circulating through the said vessel or receptacle is drawn off by means of a
fan, air pump or other suitable means, and delivered to another vessel or receptacle
containing glycerine, by which the moisture taken up by the said gas from the meat
contained in the first vessel or receptacle, is fixed, eliminated or extracted. The gas
may be then again conveyed to the vessel or receptacle containing the meat and
passed through the said vessel or receptacle, the operation being repeated until all,
or as much as is desired of the moisture is extracted from the said meat and the
latter is properly dried. Meat thus dried will be found to be of very superior
quality.
Fruit, tea, tobacco and other vegetable substances treated by my process will also
retain in their dried state an excellent colour, flavour and taste.
Moreover by my process I obtain the scent or essential oils from flowers or other
parts of plants in a most delicate state of preservation. My process is also very
suitable for the production of liqueurs, essences pomatums or the like. In the case
of liqueurs and pomatums the fixing or absorbing material may be such that it may
be retained in and form part of the said liqueur or pomatum.
Although I have herein before described a convenient and advantageous method of
carrying my said invention into practice, it is obvious that I can modify my improved
process according to the character of the substance to be treated, without departing
from the nature of iny said invention, which consists essentially in extracting water
or other volatile bodies from animal, vegetable or mineral substances in a closed
chamber by means of a suitable gas or vapor which acts as a carrier for the said
moisture or other volatile bodies and fixes or extracts the said moisture or other
volatile bodies from the gas so employed by means of glycerine, fat, a solution of
sugar or other suitable absorbent material.
The gas thus freed from the said moisture or other volatile bodies is again used
for the same purpose by circulation continuously through the substances to be
treated. The water or other volatile bodies are recovered from the said fixing
material by means of any well known process.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood that
I claim :-
First. The improved method or process of extracting water, essential oils or other
volatile bodies from animal, vegetable or mineral substances by subjecting them to
the action of gas or vapor which acts as a carrier and in continuous circulation carries
or transmits the volatile bodies to an absorbent substantially as described,

page_text: Second. The recovery of the water, essential oils or other volatile bodies extracted
in the manner above described, by fixing or absorbing the said volatile bodies by
means of glycerine or other suitable substance, substantially as, and for the purposes
above specified.
Third. The production of liqueur or the like by extracting essential oil or other
volatile bodies by means of gas substantially as described and then condensing and
absorbing the volatile bodies taken up by the gas, as above specified.
.1
011 1
.1
1000
OTTO CHRISTIAN HAGEMANN.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.
OTTO CHRISTIAN HAGEMANN.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.