IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR. LIFTING, LOWERING, LOADING, AND UNLOADING HAY, CORN, STRAW, AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Twaites Wright, of St. Nicholas, in the
County of Glamorgan, Agricultural and Implement Maker, and
Evan Yorath, of Molton, near Cowbridge, in the said County of
Glamorgan, Farmer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS OR
MACHINERY FOR. LIFTING, LOWERING, LOADING, AND UNLOADING HAY, CORN,
STRAW, AND OTHER MATERIALS."
Sealed the 25th November 1870, and dated the 9th June 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Twaites
Wright and Evan Yorath at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th June 1870.
We, WILLIAM TWAITES WRIGHT, of St. Nicholas, in the County of
Glamorgan, Agricultural and Implement Maker, and EVAN YORATH, of
Molton, near Cowbridge, in the said County of Glamorgan, Farmer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS OR MACHINERY POR LIFTING, LOWERING, LOADING, AND UNLOADING
HAY, CORN, STRAW, AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows :-
First. A pole is to be erected similar to a ship's mast, say forty feet
long, or according to the height, and of sufficient strength for the

page_text: proposed purpose. The mast or pole being let into the ground, say, from
two to three feet deep, also made fast by four stay ropes at the top of
the pole by hooks or rings and running down to the ground, and fastened
to strong stakes driven into the ground to prevent the mast from swaying,
and to prevent any delay in working the machinery. On this mast or
pole there is a double boom similar to the boom of a vessel, with the
exception of its being double, videlicit, that it stands out from the mast
in opposite directions, but is fitted on to the mast through a circular hole
in the boom about the centre thereof, but not fastened, and is rigged or
fitted so that it can be raised or lowered according to, the height required
to elevate by a rope running through a pair of double pulley blocks,.
one being hooked or fastened to the top of the mast, the other block
being secured to the boom, the rope being brought down and fastened
to a pulley near the end of the mast, on which pulley there is fitted a
ratchet wheel and handle, and by turning which a man raises, or lowers
the boom. There are fixed two pulleys on each side of the boom. On
each side the boom one pulley is placed near the part of that end of the
boom nearest the mast, the other pulley being placed at the point or
extreme end of that part of the boom; the pullics being thus exactly
similarly placed on the boom on either side the mast, two on cach side.
Over these pullies on each end of the boom there is passed an ordinary
rope similar to a waggon rope, to one end of which is fastened a fork
(of quite a new description, of which more shall be said hereafter), the
disengaged end of the rope to which the fork is fastened being the end
which is passed over the outer pulley at that end of the boom, and is
then brought over the inner pulley on that end of the boom, being the
one nearest the mast, and is then carried down the mast to a pulley near
the bottom of it and passed under it and carried on to the anchor pulley,
which is a pulley or wheel rotating horizontally on a spindle fixed in the
ground, that is, at right angles to the action of the other pullies, having
an outer margin or bar, the rope before mentioned being passed round
the anchor pulley, to the end of which a horse is attached, the anchor
forty
pulley being placed and secured at a distance from the mast of, say,
feet, according to the height required to elevate. The end of the boom
on the opposite side of the mast being fitted in exactly a similar manner,
the rope to which the other fork is fastened being brought over the
pulley at that end of the boom through the inner pulley on each side of
the boom, and then down to a pulley at the bottom of the mast on the
other side thereof to the pulley before mentioned, and passed under

page_text: the said pulley, the other side of the mast to the one the first hoisting
rope was passed, and carried out to the anchor pulley, but not passed
around it, to the end of which rope the horse is also attached, so that
one rope acts simply through the pulleys on the one end of the boom
and on the pulley at the bottom of the mast, the other rope through the
pulleys at the other end of the hoom and a pulley at the bottom of
the mast and the anchor pulley, so that the same action of the horse
causes the one to ascend and the other to descend at one and the same
time.
To unload a waggon or any other carriage the ropes should be so
adjusted to the length required that one of the forks is close up to the
boom the other fork being down on the waggon or material to be loaded
or unloaded. The man on the loaded carriage or material opens the
fork and pushes it into the hay or oorn or material (the fork being so
constructed that when it is pushed into the bay, or corn, or material, and
the lifting power applied that it closes by its own weight and holds the
hay or other material). The horse being attached to the hoisting ropes is
immediately started from the mast to the anchor pulley until the fork
ascends to the boom, the mast having been fixed leaning over slightly
towards the rick intended to be made, the loaded fork then naturally
swings the boom around until the end is over the centre of the stack or
can be so directed by a guiding rope attached to the fork. The striking
horns of the fork are drawn in contact with a plate fixed on the under
side of the boom, by being drawn up, as before stated, the fork is expanded
or opened so that it empties itself on to the stack of hay or corn or other
material; while No. 1 fork has been ascending No. 2 fork has been
descending to the waggon, the man loads No. 2 fork in the same way as
No. 1 fork, the horse is turned round and started in the opposite direction,
videlicit, from the anchor pulley to the mast which reverses the action of
the apparatus, No. 2 fork being elevated and emptied in the same way,
and so on until the loaded carriage is emptied.
The above plan of raising and lowering materials may also be worked
by fastening the two ends of the hoisting ropes together so as to form an
endless rope and passing them round the anchor pulley to which a horse
may be attached by a bar at right angles to the anchor bar or outer edge
of the anchor pulley or wheel, but attached to the base of the anchor
pulley, so that when the horse is made to run round the anchor pulley
the pulley will turn, and by so doing wind the endless rope round it and

page_text: .
thus raise one fork and lower the other by one and the same operation
and action; to do this the ropes should be so spliced or fastened together
as not to hitch on the anchor pulley or wheel.
The proposed double action pitching fork can be managed or worked
by any ordinary lad and will elevate as much as many men, and can be
so constructed as to deposit or raise materials in two different places
about the same time a considerable distance (say fifteen feet) apart from
each other,
The fork is made in two parts, each half being the same, the upper end
of each fork being bent in an opposite direction to the under part or
prong thereof, the two halves being joined together in the centre by a
bolt or pin having above the pin the horns for striking against the afore-
said plate, which horns are open when the fork is closed, and closed when
the fork is open; on the pin there is also fitted a swivel by which the fork
can be fastened to the hoisting rope. The forks may be made with three
prongs, it is also proposed to make them with a different number of
prongs to suit certain districts and the different materials required to be
elevated or deposited, as in some cases the materials to be elevated or
deposited would require a fork with a greater number of prongs, in other
cases with a less number,
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be
distinctly understood that we claim,—
1st. Fixing the peculiar construction of boom and mast so as to
revolve or move up and down by means of the pullies, ropes, and racket.
2ndly. The application and action of the self-acting double action forks
by closing when down and opening when coming into contact with the
plates on the boom,
3rdly. The application of the pullies and wheels, together with the
anchor pulley, so as to cause an opposite action at one and the same time
at each end of the boom on both the said forks respectively, causing one
to revolve, ascend, and open, the other to revolve, descend, and close.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Twaites Wright and Evan Yorath in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th November 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
TWAITES WRIGHT, of St. Nicholas, in the County of Glamorgan,
Agricultural and Implement Maker, and EVAN YORATH, of Molton,
near Cowbridge, in the said County of Glamorgan, Farmer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Twaites Wright and Evan Yorath,
Her special licence that we, the said William Twaites Wright and
Evan Yorath, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said William Twaites Wright and Evan Yorath, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
OR MACHINERY FOR LIFTING, LOWERING, LOADING, AND UNLOADING HAY, CORN,
STRAW, AND OTHER MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said William Twaites Wright and Evan Yorath, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Twaites Wright and
Evan Yorath, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the several Drawings hereunto annexed, and in which said several

page_text: figures, that is to say :—
First, a pole is to be erected similar to a ship's mast, say 40 feet long,
or according to the height, and of sufficient strength for the proposed
purpose, as shewn on the Drawings hereto annexed, which contain full
details of the machinery herein described. The mast or pole being let into
the ground, say from 2 to 3 feet deep, also made fast by four stay ropes
(No. 1, 2, 3, 4, as shewn on the elevation Drawing) at the top of the
pole by hooks or rings, and running down to the ground (as is also
shewn on the elevation Drawing) and fastened to strong stakes driven
into the ground to prevent the mast from swaying and to prevent any
delay in working the machinery. On this mast or pole there is a double
boom (marked "boom" on the elevation Drawing, and a section
whereof is shewn in the top Drawing) similar to the boom of a vessel,
with the exception of its being double, videlicet, that it stands out from
the mast in opposite directions, but is fitted on to the mast through a
circular hole in the boom about the centre thereof (as shewn in the
section of the boom in the top Drawing), but not fastened, and is rigged
or fitted so that it can be raised or lowered according to the height
required to elevate or lower by a rope running through a pair of double
pulley blocks and a single pulley block (the top double pulley block is
marked B, I, on the Drawings), the double pulley block being hooked or
fastened to the top of the mast, the other block (marked single pulley
block on the clevation Drawing) being secured to the stay rods attached
to the boom (so shewn and marked on the elevation Drawing), the rope
being brought down and fastened to a double pulley block near the end
of the mast, on which pulley there is fitted a ratchet wheel and handle
(marked A, I, near the bottom of the mast on the elevation Drawing)
and by turning which a man raises or lowers the boom. There are fixed
two pullies on each side of the boom (marked A on the elevation
Drawing). On each side of the boom one pulley is placed near the part of
that end of the boom nearest the mast or hole therefor in the boom, the
other pulley being placed at the point or extreme end of that part of
the boom. The pullies being thus exactly similarly placed on the boom.
on each side the mast or hole therefor in the boom, two on each side (as
shewn on the elevation Drawing). Over these pullies on each end of
the boom there is passed an ordinary rope similar to a waggon rope

page_text: (called the hoisting rope on the elevation Drawing), to one end of each
of which is fastened a fork (marked fork on the elevation Drawing) (of
quite a new description, of which more shall be said hereafter), the
disengaged end of the rope to which the fork is fastened being the end
which is passed over the outer pulley at that end of the boom, and is
then brought over the inner pulley on that end of the boom being the
one nearest the mast (these pullies are respectively marked A on the
elevation Drawing), and is then carried down the mast to a pulley near
the bottom of it (marked A on the elevation Drawing) and passed under
it and carried on to the anchor pulley, which is a pulley or wheel having
an outer margin or bar rotating horizontally on a spindle fixed in the
ground (that is, at right angles to the action of the other pullies) (shewn
on the left side of the elevation Drawing and marked anchor pulley), the
rope before-mentioned being passed round the anchor pulley, to the end
of which a horse is attached, the anchor pulley being placed and secured
at a distance from the mast of, say, 40 feet, according to the height
required to elevate. The end of the boom on the opposite side of
the mast being fitted in exactly a similar manner the rope to which
the other fork is fastened being brought over the pulley (marked A)
at that end of the boom, through the inner pulley on that side of the
boom and then down to a pulley at the bottom of the mast on the
other side thereof to the pulley before-mentioned (marked A on the
elevation Drawing), and passed under the said pulley the other side of
the mast to the one, the first hoisting rope was passed and carried out
to the anchor pulley, but not passed around it, to the end of which
rope the horse is also attached, so that one rope acts simply through
the pulleys on the one end of the boom and on the pulley (A) at the
bottom of the mast the other rope through the pulleys at the other side
of the boom and a pulley at the bottom of the mast (pulley A), and the
anchor pulley B, so that the same action of the horse causes the one
to ascend and the other to descend at one and the same time. The
horse or motive power working round and round, thus producing a
continuous action at one and the same time on both the hoisting ropes,
winding one and liberating the other. But if one of the ropes be
detached from the horse or motive power then such horse or motive
power can work the other rope and fork independently of the one
detached.
To unlood 2 TO Con On any other carriage the rones should be 90

page_text: adjusted to the length required that one of the forks is close up to the
boom, the other fork being down on the waggon or material to be loaded
or unloaded. The man on the loaded carriage or material opens the
fork and pushes it into the hay, or corn, or material (the fork being so
constructed that when it is pushed into the hay or corn or material, and
the lifting power applied it closes by its own weight and holds the hay
or other material. The horse being attached to the hoisting ropes is
immediately started from the mast to the anchor pulley until the fork
ascends to the boom (as shewn on elevation Drawing) the mast having
been fixed leaning over slightly towards the rick or other material
intended to be made or stored, the loaded fork then naturally swings
the boom around until the end is over the centre of the stack or can
be so directed by a guiding rope attached to the fork (as shewn on the
plan). The striking horns of the fork are drawn in contact with a plate
fixed on the under side of the boom by being drawn up as before stated,
the fork is expanded or opened so that it empties itself on the stack of
hay or corn or other material; while No. 1 fork has been ascending
No. 2 fork has been descending to the waggon or material, the man
loads No. 2 fork in the same way as No. 1 fork, the horse is turned round
and started in the opposite direction, videlicet, from the anchor pulley
to the mast, which reverses the action of the apparatus, No. 2 fork being
elevated and emptied in the same way, and so on until the loaded
carriage or material is emptied or carried as aforesaid (the forks and
striking plates are respectively so marked and shewn on the elevation
Drawing at either end of the boom).
The above plan of raising and lowering materials may also be worked
by fastening the two ends of the hoisting ropes together so as to form
an endless rope and passing them round the anchor pulley (marked B)
to which a horse or other motive power may be attached by a bar at
right angles to the anchor bar or outer edge of the anchor pulley or
wheel (as shewn on the elevation Drawing) but attached to the base of
the anchor pulley so that when the horse or other motive power is
applied to the anchor pulley the pulley will turn and by so doing wind
the endless rope round it, and thus raise one fork and lower the other
by one and the same operation and action; to do this the ropes should
be so spliced or fastened together as not to hitch on the anchor pulley
or wheel (B), but either rope and fork can be made to work inde-

page_text: pendently of the other by simply detaching the rope of one fork from
the other and working that as before indicated separately.
The proposed double action pitching fork can be managed or worked
by any ordinary lad, and will elevate as much as many men, and can
be so constructed as to deposit or raise materials in two different places,
about the same time, a considerable distance, say 15 feet apart from each
other.
"
Each fork (marked "fork on the elevation Drawing) is made in
two parts, each half being the same, the upper end of each being bent
in an opposite direction to the under part or prong thereof, the two
halves being joined together in the centre (as shewn on the elevation
Drawing) by a bolt or pin, leaving above the pin two horns for striking
against the aforesaid plate, which horns are open when the fork is
closed and closed when the fork is open; on the pin there is also
fitted a swivel by which the fork can be fastened to the hoisting rope.
The forks are shewn on the elevation Drawing and may be made with
three prongs, it is also proposed to make them with a different number of
prongs to suit certain districts, and the different materials required to
be elevated or deposited, as in some cases the materials to be elevated or
deposited would require a fork with a great number of prongs, in other
cases with a less number.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be
distinctly understood that we claim as new,-
-
First. Fixing the peculiar construction of boom and mast so as to
revolve or move up and down by means of the pulleys, ropes, and
ratchet.
Secondly. The application and action of the self-acting double action
forks by closing when down and opening when coming into contact with
the plates on the boom,
Thirdly. The application of the pulleys and wheels together with the
anchor pulley so as to cause an opposite and continuous action at one and
the same time at cach end of the boom on both the said forks respec-

page_text: tively, causing one to revolve, ascend, and open, the other to revolve
descend, and close.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Twaites Wright and
Evan Yorath, have hereunto respectively set our hands and seals,
this Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy.
WILLIAM TWAITES WRIGHT. (L.S.)
EVAN YORATH.
(L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the before-named William
Twaites Wright and Evan
Yorath, in the presence of
EDWARD GROGAN,
Clerk to Mr. John Morris,
Solicitor,
Cardiff.