Yarn Warping Machine or Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 12th Dec., 1891
Yarn Warping Machine or Apparatus.
I DAMODERDASS JUMNADASS TOLAT of Ahmedabad Bombay Presidency India
Mill Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My said invention relates to an improved machine for arranging yarn in the form
of chains or warps for use in weaving and is more particularly intended to supersede
the method of chaining or warp laying as at present practised by native workmen
in India when preparing warps for use in their hand looms.
The hand process of forming a chain or warp is briefly as follows,―The workman
drives a series of upright pegs into the ground say ten feet apart and provided with
a sufficient quantity of yarn held in a reel in one hand and a stick with a hook at
the end in the other hand he passes up and down the line of pegs and interlaces the
yarn among them passing it first on one side and then on the other side of the
upright pegs.
When a sufficient number of threads have thus been formed into a
chain or warp it is removed from the pegs and rolled up behind the loom. If the
width of the cloth to be woven is such as to require a greater number of threads
several such warps are used simultaneously.
When making warps in the above described manner only a single thread is laid
at once and the operation of making warps proceeds very slowly.
According to my said invention I provide means whereby while the warps are
formed in the same manner as by the above described process a considerable
number of threads are laid simultaneously. In its essential features my said
invention consists of a tramway provided with lines of rails outside and parallel to
the rows of upright pegs which stand in stretchers between the rails. A carriage
or mule runs on the said tramway along which it is propelled by hand by means of
suitable gearing. A creel containing the cops or bobbins of yarn is fixed on the
mule transversely to the direction in which the mule runs and is provided with
means for receiving a transverse reciprocating motion to that the yarn may be
delivered first on one side and then on the other side of the upright pegs and may
thus be interlaced as in the process of hand warping above described.
Referring to the accompanying drawing which illustrates a machine constructed
in accordance with my said invention,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation.
Fig. 2 is a partial plan showing the disposition of the upright pegs and the inter-
laced warps.
Fig. 3 is a partial elevation as seen from the left hand of Fig. 1.
In all the figures the same letters refer to the same parts.
a a are the rails on which the mule runs.
bbare the upright pegs fixed in stretchers b¹ b¹.
cc are the interlaced warp threads.
d d are the end frames of the mule supported by flanged wheels e e which run on
the rails a a.
f is a spur wheel pivoted in a post f' and gearing into a pinion attached to or
secured to the same axle as one of the flanged wheels e. By means of a handle f³
the spur wheelf may be rotated and the mule caused to travel along the rails a.
g is a creel for the cops or bobbins the threads from which pass upwards over the
hooks g' and downwards through the guiding eyes g³ depending from the creel
preferably made of porcelain, glass or other hard material. The creel may be

page_text: bridge from one side of the mule to the other is provided for the workman to stand
on and the driving gearing may be arranged on either or on both sides of the mule
as may be found most convenient. The length of the rails may be varied according
to the length of the warps or chains to be made. The creel g and with it the
guiding eyes g is provided with means for imparting to it a short reciprocating
motion transversely to the direction in which it travels along the rails in order that
each thread may be delivered on alternate sides of its row of pegs. This
reciprocating motion may be obtained in various ways, for instance a cam or
excentric revolving with one of the flanged wheels may operate on a roller
connected by suitable arrangement of levers to the creel g so that as the cam
revolves the creel will be drawn backwards and forwards. I prefer to use the
means shown in the accompanying drawing where h h are two cam rails parallel to
one of the running rails a. The swells and depressions of the two rails are opposed
to each other. A vertical slide i is provided at the side of the mule and attached
thereto is a castor k which may run along either of the cam rails h. The vertical
slide will rise and fall according to the contour of the cam rail on which the
castor runs. At the top of the vertical slide is an inclined plane against which
takes a roller attached to a projection from the creel board. A spring is
provided so as to cause the roller to bear continually against the inclined plane.
Instead of a spring and bearing roller I may use an inclined slot into which takes a
roller or stud connected with the creel board. As the vertical slide rises and falls
the creel board and with it the guiding eyes g² will be caused to slide backwards
and forwards through a suitable distance, say about two and a half inches. The
bearings of the castor are arranged so that the castor may run along the external
cam rail while the mule is travelling in one direction and on the internal cam rail
while the mule is travelling in the other direction so that the warp threads may be
crossed as shown in Fig. 2. The change of rail may be effected by turning the
castor about its bearing pin or by sliding the pin in or out by means of a suitably
shaped fork. Or two castors pivoted on the arms of a suitably shaped rocking
lever may be used in such a manner that when one of them is depressed so as to run
on one cam rail the other will be lifted clear of the other cam rail. The change of
cam rail may be effected by the operative seated on the mule at the end of each
journey or stops may be provided at the ends of the rails for effecting the changć
automatically as will be well understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. A machine for laying chain warps consisting of a mule or carriage running on
rails and provided with a creel and guiding eyes with means for imparting a
transverse reciprocating motion thereto for the purpose of simultaneously laying a
number of threads and interlacing them about lines of upright pegs substantially as
herein before described and set forth.
2. In a chain warping mule of the kind hereinbefore described the combination
of two cam rails, one or more castors and a vertical slide for imparting a reversible
transverse reciprocating motion to the creel and guiding eyes substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described and shown.
Dated this Sixth day of November 1891.
EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.