IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1877

page_text: :
LETTERS PATENT to James McClellan, of Northampton, in the County of
A com-
Northampton, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS."
munication from abroad by James Lynn Sprague, of Hermon, State of New
York United States of America.
led the 24th April 1878, and dated the 26th October 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James McClellan at the
"IM-
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October 1877.
JAMES MCCLELLAN, of Northampton, in the County of Northampton.
PROVEMENTS IN CHURNS." A communication from abroad by James Lynn Sprague,
of Hermon, State of New York, United States of America.
The Invention consists in the combination in a churn of reversely spiraled rotary
paddles with a cream box furnished with air inlets at each end and air outlets at
the middle over the space between the reversely spiraled paddles, whereby the
paddles, when in action, cause air to be drawn in at both ends of the box and
emitted from the centre after acting on the cream, thus increasing the efficiency of
the atmospheric action which is of such importance in churning.
The Invention also embraces the furnishing of concave or other shaped corner
pieces in the angles between the flat top and vertical sides of the box, to prevent
the clogging of the cream in these angles.
The improvements can be performed by making the cream box with a round
bottom and flat top; the paddles are to be pitched in opposite directions from
each end of the churn to the centre, so as to draw the cream and air into more
intimate contact; the various portions may be of wood, or of wood and metal
combined.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James McClellan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th April
1878.
+7
« IM-
JAMES MCCLELLAN, of Northampton, in the County of Northampton.
PROVEMENTS IN CHURNS." A Communication from abroad by James Lynn Sprague,
of Hermon, State of New York, United States of America.
The Invention consists in the combination in a churn of reversely spiraled rotary
paddles with a cream box furnished with air inlets at each end and air outlets at
the middle over the space between the reversely spiraled paddles, whereby the
paddles, when in action, cause air to be drawn in at both ends of the box and
emitted from the centre after acting on the cream, thus increasing the efficiency of
the atmospheric action which is of such importance in churning.
The Invention also embraces the furnishing of concave or other shaped corner
pieces in the angles between the flat top and vertical sides of the box to prevent
the clogging of the cream in these angles.
The improvements can be performed by making the cream box with a round
bottom and flat top; the paddles are to be pitched in opposite directions from
each end of the churn to the centre, so as to draw the creain and air into more
intimate contact; the various portions may. be of wood, or of wood and metal
combined.
The accompanying Drawing will serve to illustrate further the mode of carrying
the Invention into effect; Fig. 1 being a sectional side elevation, and Fig. 2 a
section end view of a churn constructed according to the Invention.
a, b, c, are air tubes, as shown; d is a shaft carrying the blades, paddles, or
stirrers e; f is a spur wheel connected to the handle g for giving motion to the
shaft d and its spur wheel, with which it is geared; his cream box; /, removeable
lid.
In witness whereof, I, the said James McClellan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal. this Twenty-fourth day of Anril in the year of our Lord