A Method of and Apparatus for Grinding, Bevelling, Screwing, Smoothing, and Polishing Glass Stoppers, Bottle Necks, and similar articles Expeditiously, Uniform, and Interchangeable.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 1st Aug., 1891
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
A Method of and Apparatus for Grinding, Bevelling, Screwing,
Smoothing, and Polishing Glass Stoppers, Bottle Necks, and
similar articles Expeditiously, Uniform, and Interchangeable.
I, CHARLES MARLOW of Pool Street Mills, Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Metal Plate Worker and Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Instead of grinding stoppers at uncertain varying bevels as at present and then
grinding the bottle necks to or with the stopper, my method enables me to work to
a definite guage as regards bevel and pitch of screw, so that the glass article may fit
into or be fit by a metal one or another one of glass indiscriminately as occasion
requires, thus enabling me to do such articles as the chambers and parts of glass
lamps by the same appliances.
I can however by my method likewise grind the bottle neck with its own stopper
in an expeditious manner and produce an uniform article which is not obtained at
present. I can grind stoppers and bottle necks of whatever size to any uniform
bevel and to do so provide suitable safe holders for the articles while manipulated
adjustable to the varying sizes, shapes and conditions. Also so far as is practicable
By the
protect all moving parts of the mechanism from the abradants."
simplicity and uniformity of the operations I dispense with skilled labour, while the
apparatus is compact and self-contained only needs connecting to any convenient
motive power without any special countershaft. The tools are such as can be
renovated by means of the machine itself without stopping in some cases.
The
holders &c. are shown on the drawings in the form used by my method for bottles
and stoppers of ordinary descriptions but they require only slight modifications to
do the barrels and spigots of glass taps, the screwing on the outside of preserve
glass jars or any other kinds of articles of a like nature.
Fig. I is an elevation, Fig. II a sectional elevation of a combined machine to do
both stoppers and bottlenecks and Fig. III a plan of its table.
The pedestal 1 is fixed to any convenient bench either by a plate 2 and nut 3 or
otherwise. The table 4 serves as a carrier for the thimbles 5 used for the stoppers
and bottle rest 6. It can be turned on the collar 7 and fixed by the screws 8. 81.
The shaft 9 passes through the centre of the pedestal 1 is supported in brasses by
the arms 10 and 11 of the collar 12. It receives the motive power from any
convenient source by the fast pulley 13 transmits it by the fast pulley 15 and the
keyed pulley 16 between the arms of the sleeve 17 to the shaft 18 and by the spur
wheels 19 and 20 to the upright shaft 21. The sleeve 17 encloses part of the
pedestal 1, can be oscillated on the shaft 9 and fixed by the screw 22 to the
collar 12 so that the shaft 18 is vertical or inclined. To it is fixed the lever 23
which pivots on pins 24 25 and 25' to raise and lower the shaft 18 as shown in
Figs. . IV and V as the collar 26 is loose and collars 27 and 28 are fixed. The
rope 43 and the stirrup 44 allow of this lever being worked by foot. The table 4
is divided by radial partitions into four parts, three of which are devoted to the
The holes 45. 45' &c.
various stages on the stoppers and the other to the bottles.
serve as holders for the thimbles 5 while the holes 46. 46' 40" are for the passage
of the used abradants into the hoppers 47. 47' 47" beneath.
Fig. VII is a plan and Fig. VIII an elevation of the thimbles 5 showing the
body 48 which fits the holes 45. 45' &c. the head 49 which rests on the table 4 and
the die 50 into which the stopper is raised and lowered while held by the chuck 51
Fig. IX or other convenient holder carried in the holder 52 on the shaft. 18.

page_text: When worn the thimbles 5 are renovated by replacing the chuck 51 by a steel
rymer which is worked while the thimbles remain in position.
Fig. IX is a plan and Fig. X a sectional elevation of one form of the tool used
for the bottle necks. It may be of wood, iron or any other suitable material. It
fits into the holder 52 and may have a collar 53 and channels 54 to contain and
distribute the abradant. When of cast iron it may have a wire core 55 cast in it
or an hole through. Instead of the channels 54 flats may be filed on the sides and
no collar used. The bevelled tools are kept accurate by means of the sharpener
shown in Fig. XI as plan Fig. XII as elevation and Fig. XIII as sectional
elevation to consist of a framework 56 holding steel blades 57. 57' &c. at the correct
bevel and is used while the tool is rotating in position by putting the sharpener on
the bottle rest 6.
The compartment devoted to the rymering the bottle necks contains mechanism
to allow of the use of parallel tools instead of the taper ones.
Fig. XXIII represents an inverted plan Fig. XXIV an inverted elevation and
Fig. XXV an inverted sectional elevation through the line A, B of the false
bottom 98 used to cover this mechanism. The mechanism is necessary to rotate
and move the bottle rest 6 and it consists of a pulley 34 on a vertical spindle 33
which has a square top 32 the bushes of which are fixed on the bottom of the table 4
and in the false bottom 98, a pulley 35 on a vertical spindle 99 to which is fixed
the bottle rest 6 the bushes of which can be moved in a channel 42 of the bottom of
the table 4 and a slot 41 in the false bottom 98, it passes through an arm 37 which
is movable by a screw 38, a pulley 36 on a spindle 100 the bushes of which can be
moved in a channel 40 on the bottom of the table 4 and a channel 39 on the under-
side of the false bottom 98 as this also passes through the arm 37 it moves
simultaneously with the spindle 99. The channels are so arranged that the
cord 101 connecting the three pulleys 34, 35 and 36 remains tight since the
perimeter of the triangle formed by them remains constant. They are set in
motion by putting the rod 30 on the square 32 of the spindle 33 and into the end 29
of the spindle 21. The screw 38 is fixed at both ends in the table 4 and passes
through the arm 37. The pulley 36 is used simply as an auxiliary for tightening
the cord 101. The broken circles 99' and 1C0' on Fig. XXIII show the relative
position of the two spindles 99 and 100 when the arm 37 is moved to its greatest
distance.
Fig. XIV is a plan and Fig. XV a sectional elevation of a collar 58 and clips 59
to drop over the bottle and fasten to the bottle rest 6. The metal frame 60 and
the india rubber lining 61 varying in size and shape as required.
Fig. XVI is a plan and Fig. XVII is an elevation of a form of headstock to do
stoppers on my improved system. It consists of a spindle 62 driven by means of
the fast and loose pulleys 63, (3' from any convenient shaft, in brasses 64. 64. On
this spindle 62 is a chuck 66 to hold the stoppers. On the support 65 are two
arms 67. 671 in which slide removable holders 68 for the thimbles 5 with apertures 691
for the abradants. Rod 69 and arms 70. 70' are for stopping and starting.
Fig. XIX is an elevation of the holder 68 with the thimble 5 in position.
Fig. XVIII is a plan and Fig. XX an elevation of a double headstock suitable
for doing stoppers on my improved system. It consists of a fixed spindle 71 driven
in the brasses 72. 721 by the fast and loose pulleys 73. 73' carrying a chuck 66,
stopped and started by the rod 74. and an adjustable spindle 75 driven in
brasses 77. 77 by the fast and loose pulleys 76. 76. By means of the wheel 79.
screw 80 and arm 81 the brasses 77. 77' are moved along the slides 78. 78. The
spindle 75 has an hollow end 82 into which fits the shank 83 of the removable
disc 84 with a loose hollow handle 85. A slot 94 in the shauk 83 and the cottar 86
in the end 82 allow this disc 84 to be moved backward and forward while rotating
and the screw 87 is set to limit the range of movement to suit the occasion. When
doing the end of the stoppers the face of the disc 84 is used instead of its edge.
Fig. XXI is a sectional plan of the chuck 66 showing in detail the hemispherical
part 88 of springy brass with a central hole 89 to pass over the shank of the stopper,

page_text: the india rubber ring 96 fixed inside, the screwed parallel part 90, the screwed
back 91 fitting the screw 92 of headstock, the loose back 93 of wood or other
material varying in size and shape to fit the stoppers. It may have different
kinds of backs to fit into different holders. It has a lock nut 97 to prevent
overscrewing.
Fig. XXII is a sectional plan of the disc 84 showing the square shank 83, the
screw 87, the slot 94, the hollow handle 85 screwed to the end 95. It varies in size
and when used for screwing has a V edge and the slot 94 is merely a small hole for
the cottar 86. By substituting a longer partly screwed spindle in place of the
spindle 71 Figs. XVIII and XX, the chuck 66 can be caused to slowly move
outward and thus the disc 84 or a modified form of the same would cut a thread on
the stopper, while by using a spindle with a small disc on in the place of the tool
Figs. IX and X a thread could be cut in the bottle-neck to correspond.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The construction, application and combination of the various arrangements
of mechanism and appliances herein before described or represented on the drawings
annexed or any imitation or modification thereof constructed and operating in
substantially the same or similar manner for the same or similar purposes.
2nd. The table 4 as shown in Figs. I. II. III and VI and any modified form of
the same.
3rd. The thimbles 5 as shown in Figs. 11. III. VII VIII XVI and XVII and
any modification of the same.
4th. The vertical bevelled tools and their sharpener as drawn and described and
any modified forms of the same.
5th. The headstock, Figs. XVI and XVII with arms and sliding carrier and
any modified forms of the same.
6th. The double headstock Figs. XVIII and XX with adjustments as shown or
otherwise and any modified forms of the same.
7th. The chuck 66 as shown in Figs. XVI, XVII XVIII and XXI and any
modified form of the same.
8th. The disc with handle as shown in Figs. XVIII and XXII and any
modified form of the same.
Dated this Ninth day of March 1891.
CHARLES MARLOW.