Improvements in Steam and other Fluid Pressure Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 30th Apr., 1895-Accepted. 30th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam and other Fluid Pressure Engines.
JOHN HANDSLEY DALES of No. 45 Lofthouse. Place, Leeds in the County of
York, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention consists, firstly, of an arrangement of centrifugal spring load
governor which is preferably applied as a "shaft governor" that is to say, a
governor which is mounted in a wheel or suitable provision on the crank shaft or a
counter shaft of a steam or other fluid pressure engine. The arrangement may
also be applied on an independent spindle driven suitably from an engine to be
governed as ordinarily.
In carrying out the first part of my invention I provide by preference and for
the purpose of advancing the eccentric centre of a cut off or distribution valve, a
spur wheel or equivalent part, mounted and fixed on a sleeve or bush which partially
rotates on the crank shaft of an engine in performing its functions, and on the
same sleeve or bush is also fixed, the eccentric, cam or other valve motor, which is
to be moved in performing its functions by the engine governor. Gearing into the
said spur wheel and on opposite sides of the same, are two racks, carried on suitable
guides in the governor wheel, one rack acting in one direction and the other in the
opposite direction, in such a manner as to balance their turning effect on the said
spur wheel and bush and so avoid friction of the same in performing their functions.
Each rack is attached to a sliding weight and spring box or mounting, arranged
preferably to move radially with regard to the governor wheel aforesaid; the
purpose of the weights and connections being the development of centrifugal force
by the rotation of the engine or other shaft, on which they are carried. The
centrifugal force of the governing parts is balanced by the reaction of suitable
springs.
The combined primary effect of the arrangement as described, in performing its
functions, is the turning or rotation or partial rotation of the spur wheel and its
attachments by a balanced effort of the centrifugal forces of the governor and the
consequent accomplishment of the said movement of the spur wheel and parts,
practically without any friction due to the full centrifugal effort of the governor,
which friction in most governors of ordinary construction, is the chief cause of
late action and over action, known technically as "racing," hunting, or "pumping,"
and which is fatal to any possibility of dead close governing.
The slight friction of the sliding of the centrifugal weights and parts in their
guides or the friction of the sleeve on the shaft or bearing, may be further reduced
by the use of bearing balls, rollers or the like.
The second part of my invention consists of an improved arrangement of
compound rocking spindle and adjustable levers used in the pressure chest in
connection with the first part of my invention. with the object of reducing the
friction of the connecting parts of a governing valve to its governor by the
substitution of a rocking spindle for a pulling spindle or rod as usually employed
for transmitting the motion of the driving or governing eccentric, through the
casing of the steam or pressure chest.
In carrying out the second part of my invention, by preference I provide a
suitable casing fixed to the steam or pressure chest in place of the ordinary stuffing

page_text: box and gland, and in this casing which is open inside to the pressure chest, I
place a compound lever, the working end of which engages in a slot in the governor
or other valve spindle; one half of the compound lever bearing against one end of
the slot and the other half bearing against the opposite end of the slot, so that one
half the lever propels the valve in one direction and the other half in the opposite
direction. This compound lever is mounted and fixed on a compound spindle by
suitable bosses, one half the lever on a solid part of the spindle and the other half
on a tubular part of the same, the compound spindle passing out of the pressure
chest area through a stuffing box in which it partially rotates or rocks in performing
its functions. Outside the pressure area the compound spindle is provided with a
second pair or compound lever, one part of which is fixed on the solid part of the
aforesaid spindle and the other on the tubular part, and each lever of the pair is
provided with an overlapping lug in such a manner that a set screw mounted in one
lug can be brought to bear on the other lug and so force the two lugs and levers
apart. The practical effect of this is, that the relative positions of the parts of
the inside compound lever can be altered so as to take up or compensate for any
wear or backlash which may occur between the ends of the valve spindle slot and
the working faces of the compound lever. On one part of the outside compound
lever, a stud or pin or jaw or other connection to the governor eccentric rod is
provided for transmitting the working power of the driving eccentric and the
alterative motion of the governor to the governor valve.
Dated this 30th day of July 1894.
JOHN HANDSLEY DALES.
MILELE DI ECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam and other Fluid Pressure Engines.
JOHN HANDSLEY DALES of No. 45 Lofthouse Place, Leeds, in the County of
York, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The invention consists, firstly of an arrangement of centrifugal spring load
governor which is preferably applied as a "shaft governor," that is to say, a
governor which is mounted in a wheel or suitable provision on the crank shaft or
a counter shaft of a steam or other fluid pressure engine. The arrangement may
also be applied on an independent spindle driven suitably from an engine to be
governed as ordinarily.
And
In carrying out the first part of my invention I provide by preference and for
the purpose of advancing the eccentric centre of a cut off or distribution valve, a
spur wheel or equivalent part mounted and fixed on a sleeve or bush, which
partially rotates on the crank shaft of an engine in performing its functions.
on the same sleeve or bush is also fixed, the eccentric, cam or other valve motor,
which is to be moved in performing its functions by the engine governor. Gearing
into the said spur wheel and on opposite sides of the same, are two rocks, carried
in suitable guides in the governor wheel, one rack acting in one direction and the
other in the opposite direction, in such a manner as to balance their turning effect
on the said spur wheel and bush and so avoid friction of the same in performing
their functions. Each rack is attached to a sliding weight and spring box or
mounting, arranged preferably to move radially with regard to the governor wheel
aforesaid; the purpose of the weights and connections being the development of
centrifugal force by the rotation of the engine or other shaft on which they are
carried. The centrifugal force of the governing parts is balanced by the reaction
of suitable springs.
The combined primary effect of the arrangement as described, in performing its

page_text: functions, is the turning or rotation or partial rotation of the spur wheel and its
attachments by a balanced effort of the centrifugal forces of the governor and the
consequent accomplishment of the said movement of the spur wheel and parts
practically without any friction due to the full centrifugal effort of the governor
which friction in most governors of ordinary construction is the chief cause of late
action and overaction known technically as racing," "hunting
66
or pumping
and which is fatal to any possibility of dead close governing. The slight friction
of the sliding of the centrifugal weights and parts in their guides or the friction
of the sleeve on the shaft or bearing may be further reduced by the use of balls,
rollers or the like.
ور
The second part of my invention consists of an improved arrangement of
compound rocking spindle and adjustable levers used in the pressure chest in
connection with the first part of my invention with the object of reducing the
friction of the connecting parts of a governing valve to its governor, by the
substitution of a rocking spindle for a pulling spindle or rod as usually employed
for transmitting the motion of the driving or governing eccentric, through the
casing of the steam or pressure chest.
In carrying out the second part of my invention, by preference I provide a
suitable casing fixed to the steam or pressure chest in place of the ordinary stuffing
box and gland, and in this casing which is open inside to the pressure chest, I
place a compound lever, the working end of which engages in a slot in the governor
or other valve spindle; one half of the compound lever bears against one end of
the slot and the other half bears against the opposite end of the slot so that one
half the lever propels the valve in one direction and the other half in the opposite
direction. This compound lever is mounted and fixed on a compound spindle by
suitable bosses, one half the lever on a solid part of the spindle and the other half
on a tubular part of the same, the compound spindle passing out of the pressure
chest area through a stuffing box in which it partially rotates or rocks in performing
its functions. Outside the pressure area the compound spindle is provided with a
second pair or compound lever, one fixed on the solid part of the aforesaid spindle
and the other on the tubular part, and each lever of the pair is provided with an
overlapping lug in such a manner that a set screw mounted in one lug can be
brought to bear on the other lug and so force the two lugs and levers apart. The
practical effect of this is, that the relative positions of the parts of the inside
compound lever can be altered so as to take up or compensate for any wear or
backlash which may occur between the ends of the valve spindle slot and the
working faces of the compound lever. On one part of the outside compound lever
a stud or pin or jaw or other connection to the governor eccentric rod is provided
for transmitting the working power of the driving eccentric and the alterative
motion of the governor to the governor valve.
In order to render the foregoing explanation of my said invention more clear,
I refer to the accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an engine flywheel containing a centrifugal radial
governor according to my invention,
Fig. 2 is an end elevation in section
Figure 2 is a full sixe section of a portion of Fig. 2,
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of one of the spring boxes shewing the positions of
its working rack and balance rack g on the guide rods, and
Fig. 2 is also an enlarged view of the spring box with its working rack c²
geared into the spur wheel on the eccentric boss, and its balance rack g shewing
clear of the spur wheel boss. The balance racks are simply and solely centrifugal
balances to the working racks and they are cut the same as the working racks in
order to ensure the accuracy of position of their centres of gravity.
Fig. 3 is a plan in section of Fig. 1, and the reference letters refer to the same
parts in the different views.
(a) is the cut-off or distribution eccentric which is to be moved by the action of
the governor, (b) is a toothed wheel which is keyed onto the boss of the

page_text: eccentric (a). (ct) (c²) are_racks which gear into the toothed, wheel, and which
slide on guides (d) (d). The racks are fixed to and form part of the spring
boxes (e) (e). The springs (f) (f) act partly as a counterpoise to the centrifugal
force of the spring boxes and racks and also in themselves act as centrifugal
weights for the purposes of the governor. There are actually provided in the
drawing, two racks to each spring box, but one rack (9) in each pair acts simply
as a centrifugal balance to the other and prevents a cross strain on the slides and
guides. One rack (c) gears into the teeth of the wheel (b) on one side and (c³) gears
into the same on the other side. In action the two spring boxes and their
attachments, move by their centrifugal force overcoming the resistance of the
springs, towards the rim of the wheel and in so doing the racks turn the eccentric
boss in a direction which regulates the position of the eccentric and consequent
cut off according to the work required. The dotted lines (P) shew the positions
of the pairs of racks.
Figs. 4. 5. 6. illustrate the second part of my invention which may be termed a
compound adjustable rocking lever. (9¹) (92) are the two parts of the compound
lever which engage in a slot in a valve rod (h) and the object of the arrangement
is to take up any wear which may occur in the said slot or in the lever ends
engaging in the same. The lever (g) is mounted in a square on a solid spindle (i)
whilst (9) is mounted on a square on the hollow spindle (¹). On the hollow
spindle () a lever (2) is mounted on the outside of the pressure chest, the hollow
spindle (1) passing out by a stuffing box. The lever (2) is attached to the cut off
or distribution eccentric rod as the case may be, by neck (18). The solid
spindle (i) has a square end on which the lever (*) is mounted. The lever (*) is
provided with a boss at (1) which is recessed to receive a spring (2), whilst the
lever () is provided with a lug (7) through which a set screw (2) passes so that
bear on the spring (6). It is evident that by screwing down (28) the solid
spindle is made to partially rotate in the hollow spindle if there is any slack
between the compound lever ends and the top and bottom of the valve spindle slot,
and in this way the parts mentioned can be made to work without shake.
it
may
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The radial centrifugal governor and eccentric motion for working
regulating or governing valves substantially as shewn and described.
2. The adjustable compound rocking lever, spindles and fittings for the purpose
named, substantially as shewn and described.
Dated this 30th day of April 1895.
JOHN HANDSLEY DALES.