CERTAIN IM- PROVEMENTS IN WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Markland, of Hyde, in the County of
Cheshire, Expansive Reed Maker, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN WEARING APPAREL."
Scaled the 17th October 1862, and dated the 7th May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Markland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
May 1862.
I, THOMAS MARKLAND, of Hyde, in the County of Cheshire, Expansive Reed
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN WEARING APPAREL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of ornamenting and preserving the edges
of various parts of dress or wearing apparel, such as collars, facings, and the
brims of hats, and consists in applying to the edges of articles of this kind a
beading, composed of china clay or other similar and suitable composition,
such beading being grooved or slotted longitudinally to receive the edge to be
ornamented, and formed either of a curved or other shape, and of one or more
pieces, to suit the article to which it is to be applied. In some cases, as for
example when applied to shirt collars, a cord will be run along the edge of the
article, such cord forming an enlargement on the edge, which effectually
secures the beading to the edge of the collar, the collar being slipped
into the slot in the beading from the end longitudinally, and a corresponding
enlargement being formed in the slot to receive the cord. By this means a
soiled collar can be readily removed, and a clean oue applied, when requisite.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Markland in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 30th
October 1862.
TO ALL TO-WHOM-THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MARKLAND, of Hyde, in the County of Chester, Expansive Reed Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand cight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Markland, Her special license that I, the said
Thomas Marklaud, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as 1, the said Thomas Markland, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, slipuld at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, au
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WEARING APPAREL, "upon the condition,
amongst others, that I, the said Thomas Markland, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
"NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Markland, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following stateinent and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
"My Juvention relates to a mode of ornamenting and preserving the edges
of various parts of dress or wearing apparel, such as collars, facings, and the
brims of hats, and consists in applying to the edges of articles of this kind a
beading composed of china clay or other similar and suitable composition,
such beading being grooved or slotted longitudinally to receive the edge to be
ornamented, and formed either in a curved or other shape, and of one or more
"pieces to suit the article to which it is to be applied. In some instances (as
for example) when employed as collars for the neck, a broad tape may
be employed, which has been previously prepared for the purpose, by having a
cord or enlarged selvage formed upon one edge, by means of which the beading

page_text: is effectually secured to the edge of the collar or tape, the said collar or tape
being slipped into the slot in the beading from the end longitudinally, and a
corresponding enlargement being formed in the slot to receive the cord. The
beading is produced in lengths to suit the article to which it is attached,
thereby allowing the beading to yield without breaking, which otherwise
might occur, were it in one continuous length or piece.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made about full size.
Fig. 1 being a perspective view, and illustrative of the Invention as applied
to a collar, to which the beading is shewn attached. Fig. 2 is a transverse
section of the bead, and Fig. 3 represents the manner in which the beading is
attached to wearing apparel. a is the bead of china clay or other suitable and
similar composition, having a slot or groove brunning longitudinally its whole
length; c is the edge of the collar, or other portion of a garment to which it
is attached, being enlarged upon one edge by means of a cord, as seen at a.
It will readily be understood upon reference to the Drawing and foregoing
description, that if the collar c be slipped into the slot 6, the length that such
beading is required, it will be retained upon such said collar until removed at
the wearer's pleasure.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the method of
carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that I
clain the employment and use of china clay or any other similar and suitable
composition, as a beading for preserving or ornamenting wearing apparel,
together with the peculiar construction of such beading, as herein-before
described and fully set forth in this description and accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Markland, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
THOMAS MARKLAND. (L.S.)