IMPROVEMENTS IN SLEEVE STUDS, SOLITAIRES, AND OTHER LIKE DRESS FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Reading, of Harborne, in the County of
Stafford, Gentleman, and Samuel Alfred Reading, of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SLEEVE STUDS, SOLITAIRES, AND OTHER LIKE DRESS
FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS.”
Sealed the 22nd January 1875, and dated the 16th November 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Reading and
Samuel Alfred Reading at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th November 1874.
We, JOHN READING, of Harborne, in the County of Stafford, Gen-
tleman, and SAMUEL ALFRED READING, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SLEEVE STUDS, SOLITAIRES, AND OTHER LIKE
DRESS FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS," to be as follows :-
Our Invention has reference to such sleeve studs, solitaires, and like
articles as consist of two separate discs or parts, which when in use are

page_text: connected together by a stem or shank on the back of one of them
engaging with the back of the other part of the fastening.
Our said Invention consists of improvements on an Invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to one of us, namely, John Reading,
on the 21st day of March, 1874, No. 994.
We will describe our Invention as applied to a sleeve stud. On the
back of that part of the fastening which when the said fastening is in
use constitutes the front or exposed part of the sleeve stud we make or
fix à flat case, the said case crossing the said back. In this flat case a
flat bar or bolt works, one end of the bar or bolt extending beyond the 1
edge of the disc or part and terminating in a push piece. A coiled spring
urges the said bar or bolt outwards, that is, urges the bolt in the direction
proper to project the push piece beyond the edge of the disc. At the
middle of one side of the flat case is a slot extending more than halfway
across the said case, and in the middle of the sliding bar is a similar slot 1
carrying on one side a projecting inclined shoulder. When the bolt is in
its normal position the said inclined shoulder projects so far across
the slot in the flat case as to prevent the stem, herein-after referred to,
passing into the said slot unless by the exercise of such pressure on the
said inclined shoulder as will force back the spring bolt. The other or 2
back part of the sleeve stud consists of a disc, having at its back a
central stem terminating in a flat head or button.
In using the fastening the stem of the back part is passed through
the holes in the sleeve; the front part is then applied to the stem of
the back part and pressed against it, the bolt is thereby pressed back, 2
and the stem passing the shoulder of the bolt snaps behind the said
shoulder, and is secured in the slot in the flat case. The two parts of
the fastening are thus secured together.
In order to separate the two parts of the fastening the push piece of
the bolt is pressed upon, when the bolt is forced back. The stem of the
back part of the fastening can then pass out of the slot in the flat case,
and the front part of the fastening can be removed.
In order to facilitate the introduction of the stem into the slot we
make a depression in the back face of the front part immediately
opposite the slot in the flat case. This depression being somewhat 8

page_text: larger than the head of the stem the said head readily falls into it, and
the stem is thereby guided to the slot in the flat case.
The application of our Invention to solitaires and other like articles
larger than the head of the stem the said head readily falls into it, and
the stem is thereby guided to the slot in the flat case.
The application of our Invention to solitaires and other like articles
differs in no essential respect from its application to sleeve studs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Reading and Samuel Alfred Reading in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th May 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
READING, of Harborne, in the County of Stafford, Gentleman, and
SAMUEL ALFRED READING, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said John Reading and Samuel
Alfred Reading, Her special license that we, the said John Reading
and Samuel Alfred Reading, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Reading and Samuel Alfred
Reading, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SLEEVE STUDS, SOLITAIRES, AND OTHER LIKE
DRESS FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Reading and Samuel Alfred Reading, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or
their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and ·
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Reading and Samuel Alfred
Reading, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
Bay :-
Our Invention has reference to such sleeve studs, solitaires, and like
articles as consist of two separate discs or parts, which when in use are
connected together by a stem or shank on the back of one of them
engaging with the back of the other part of the fastening.
Our said Invention consists of improvements on an Invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to one of us, namely, John Reading,
on the 21st day of March 1874, No. 994.
-
We will describe our Invention as applied to a sleeve stud. On the
back of that part of the fastening which when the said fastening is in
use constitutes the front or exposed part of the sleeve stud we make or 1
fix a flat case, the said case crossing the said back. In this flat case a
flat bar or bolt works, one end of the said bar or bolt extending beyond
the edge of the disc or part and terminating in a push piece. A coiled
spring urges the said bar or bolt outwards, that is, urges the bolt in the
direction proper to project the push piece beyond the edge of the disc.
At the middle of one side of the flat case is a slot extending more than
half way across the said case, and in the middle of the sliding bar or
bolt is a similar slot carrying on one side a projecting inclined shoulder.
When the bolt is in its normal position the said inclined shoulder
projects so far across the slot in the flat case as to prevent the stem,
herein-after referred to, passing into the said slot unless by the exercise
of such pressure on the said inclined shoulder as will force back the
spring bolt. The other or back part of the sleeve stud consists of a disc
having at its back a central stem terminating in a flat head or button.
In using the fastening the stem of the back part is passed through
the holes in the sleeve; the front part is then applied to the stem of
the back part and pressed against it; the bolt is thereby pressed back,
and the stem passing the shoulder of the bolt snaps behind the said
shoulder, and is secured in the slot in the flat case. The two parts of
the fastening are thus secured together.
In order to separate the two parts of the fastening the push piece of
the bolt is pressed upon, when the bolt is forced back. The stem of the

page_text: back part of the fastening can then pass out of the slot in the flat case
and the front part of the fastening can be removed.
In order to make the front part of the sleeve stud lie closely upon the
cuff or sleeve the flat case is let into the shell, and to facilitate the
introduction of the stem into the slot a depression is made in the back
face of the front part immediately opposite the slot in the flat case.
This depression being somewhat larger than the head of the stem the
said head readily falls into it, and the stem is thereby guided to the slot
in the flat case.
The application of our Invention to solitaires and other like articles
differs in no essential respect from its application to sleeve studs.
Having explained the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same may be performed.
Figure 1 represents in elevation a sleeve stud constructed according to
our Invention, the two parts being fastened together; Figure 2 repre-
sents a side elevation and plan of the front part of the sleeve stud
detached; and Figure 3 represents a side elevation and plan of the back
part of the sleeve stud detached; Figure 4 represents a plan of the
under side of Figure 1 with the stem of the back part in section
Figure 5 represents in section the two parts of the sleeve stud detached;
and Figure 6 represents the same connected together; Figure 7 repre-
sents in elevation (partly in section) the two parts of the sleeve stud in
the respective positions which they occupy when they are about to be
fastened together; and Figure 8 represents the same after they have
been fastened together. The sections of Figures 7 and 8 are taken in a
direction at right angles to that in which the sections Figures 5 and 6
are taken. Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12 represent parts of the sleeve stud,
as herein-after described, and Figures 13 and 14 represent a modification
of the same. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in
the several Figures of the Drawing.
The front part of the sleeve stud is marked A and the back part B.
At the back of the front part A a flat case c is fixed, in which case the
spring bar or bolt d works, the said bolt being pushed in the direction of
the arrow, Figure 4, by the coiled spring e². The end of the bolt
extends beyond the edge of the part A, and constitutes the push piece

page_text: by which the fastening is released. Nearly crossing the face of the
case c is a slot e, and in the middle of the spring sliding bolt d is a
nearly similar slot f, the said slot having at one side a curved or inclined
shoulder g.
When the sliding bolt a is in its normal position the
shoulder g crosses the slot e in the case c, as best seen in Figures 2 and
4. The edge of the case o opposite the slot e is cut away at h to receive
the flat head or button of the back part B of the sleeve stud. The said
back part B consists of a disc having a central stem i terminating in a
flat head or button k. The bolt d is shown separately in Figure 9. The
coiled spring e³ is supported on the peg 2 of the bolt, and the said spring :
takes its abutment at one end against the shoulder m of the bolt, and
the other end against the end of the case cat the slot part c³ in which
it works. The ends d³, d³, of the bolt are turned at right angles, the
said ends bearing against the under side of the shell of the part A,
sufficient space being left between the bolt and the shell to permit of
the entry between them of the head k of the back part B (see Figure 6).
The blank from which the case c is made is shown in Figure 11, and the
disc of the shell to which it is attached is represented in Figure 10. The
case c attached to the disc n is represented in plan of under side and
side elevation in Figure 12. The case c is attached to the disc n by the
ears p, p, on the case being passed through piercings q, q, in the disc,
and clinched; or the ears p, p, may be made shorter and be fixed in the
piercings q, q, by soldering them therein. By the turning down of the
stops 7, 7, on the case c after the bolt & has been put in its place the said
bolt is prevented from being removed from the case.
In using our improved sleeve stud the head and part of the stem i
of the back part B are passed through the holes in the sleeve. The
front part A is then brought into the position with respect to the back
part B represented in Figure 7, that is to say, the cross slot e in the
case c is brought opposite the stem i, and the cut away part h opposite
the flat head k. By now pressing the front part A in the direction of
the arrow, Figure 7, the stem and head enter the parts e and h, and the
stem bearing against the shoulder g of the bolt & presses back the said
shoulder and bolt and compresses the spring e³. When the stem i has
passed the shoulder g the latter by the action of the spring bolt snaps
behind the said stem, as represented in Figure 4, and the said stem is
secured in the slot e in the case c, and the two parts A and B of the
sleeve stud are secured together. The position of the flat head k of the

page_text: back plate B between the bolt d and shell of the front part A, when the
two parts are connected together, is best seen in Figures 6 and 8, the
said head being capable of rotating or swivelling in the space in the
case c.
For separating the two parts of the sleeve stud the push piece d³ of
the bolt d is pressed inwards, so as to force back the said bolt and
remove its shoulder g from the front of the slot e in the case c. The
stem i of the back part B can now be withdrawn from the slot e, and
the two parts A and B thereby separated.
Figure 13 represents partly in section and partly in elevation the
arrangement of our Invention, in which the flat case c in which the
bolt works is partly let into the shell of the front part A, or is situated
partly in the said shell and partly above it; the back of the said part A
having a semicircular depression in it to facilitate the introduction of the
stem of the back part B into the cross slot in the flat sunken case; and
Figure 14 represents a plan of under side of the front part A, Figure 13.
The semicircular depression in the front part A is marked s, the said
depression being situated immediately opposite the cross slot e in the
flat sunken case c. The depression & is somewhat larger than the head k
of the stem, and when the front part A is about to be connected to the
back part B the said depression is engaged with the said head k, as seen
in Figure 13, and the stem i is thereby guided to the slot e in the case o,
and the two parts of the sleeve stud are fastened together in the manner
herein-before described. By the use of the sunken case c, Figures 13
and 14, the front part of the sleeve stud is made to lie closely upon the
cuff or sleeve.
The improvements described and represented are applied to solitaires
and other like articles in the manner described and illustrated with
respect to a sleeve stud.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we
do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and illus-
trated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention the improvements in
sleeve studs, solitaires, and other like dress fastenings and ornaments,
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing,
that is to say, making in the case of the front or one part of the

page_text: fastening a cross slot, and providing the spring sliding bar or bolt
working in the said case with a corresponding-slot, and also on one side
of it a projecting inclined or rounded shoulder, which shoulder when
the bolt is in its normal position projects across the said slot in the
case; and the combination with the said front part of the fastening or
a back part consisting essentially of a disc having a central stem
terminating in a flat head or button, the said front part being connected
to and disconnected from the back part, substantially as described and
illustrated; also the combination with the parts described of a sunken
case, whereby additional flatness is given to the front part of the:
fastening, and making a depression in the back face of the front part
of the fastening to facilitate the connecting of the two parts of the
fastening together, as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Reading and Samuel Alfred
Reading, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
Witness,
JOHN READING.
(L.S.)
SAMUEL ALFRED READING. (L.S.)
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.