IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Dodd, of Oldham, in the County of Lan-
caster, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS."
"
Sealed the 2nd December 1873, and dated the 15th September 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dodd at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th September 1873.
I, JOHN DODD, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates firstly to the apparatus employed for unlocking
the faller, the object being to effect that operation at the time the
carriage has completed its inward run, or it may be before or after that
period. For this purpose I use a moveable unlocking bracket, which
may be set in any required position and retained there by a catch or

page_text: similar means, thus acting positively, and not negatively as in the
ordinary arrangement, until liberated to act against the unlocking
arm.
This liberation may be effected by suitable levers acting in connection
with the carriage by the cam shaft or by other means, but in order to {
illustrate my Invention I will describe an arrangement I propose. The
unlocking bracket is mounted on a rod capable of sliding horizontally,
and is jointed to a compound lever, one part of which is weighted to
force the said bracket forward, and is provided with a curved incline.
Another bell-crank lever carries at one end an adjustable pin, with 1
which the carriage at times arrives in contact, and at the other end a
catch capable of engaging with a stud projecting from the aforesaid
weighted lever.
To the carriage is connected an arm provided with a stud which runs
under the said inclino and lifts the weighted lever, the above mentioned
catch retaining it in that position, and by these means the unlocking
bracket is drawn back to the desired position.
w
When the carriage runs in it arrives in contact with the adjustable
pin, which turns the catch on its centre and liberates the weighted lever,
which consequently causes the unlocking bracket to be thrust forward :
and effect the desired motion.
My next improvement relates to obtaining an extra slow speed motion
for lifting the faller and starting the carriage on its outward stretch.
For this purpose instead of employing the twists trap as now practised
for the ordinary slow speed I cause the taking-in strap to be traversed:
from the taking-in or self-acting pulley on to the slow speed pulley, and
effect such traverse by applying an extra "change" to the self-acting
cam shaft.
The next part of my Invention refers to the winding-on motion, and
consists in a method of controlling the effect of the quadrant band. For
this purpose instead of forming the quadrant pulley as a parallel drum
or with grooves of equal diameters I form it as a double scroll, one-half
thereof corresponding to the other. During therefore the motions of the
carriage the said band will be coiled and uncoiled with equal tension,
although producing a variable effect.
As a modification of this arrangement I produce the effect of the
spirals upon a plain or equally grooved drum by thickening the scroll

page_text: band at any desired part, the effect being that when the said thickened
part is uncoiling the pulley or scroll it will revolve at a slower rate than
when the thinner parts are being uncoiled.
The next part of my Invention refers to the governor motion, and
consists in a method of regulating the connection between the usual
endless band or chain and the fallers. For this purpose I employ a
pulley over which the said band or chain passes, but which is provided
with another part for the reception of a coiled chain, one end of which
is fastened to a bracket attached to the carriage. The other end of this
coiled chain is fastened to one end of a lever turning on a centre, the
other end thereof being connected to the fallers after the manner of the
usual disengaging lever. When the counterfaller rises the coiled chain
hangs loose upon its pulley, which is then free to revolve, but when the
said counterfaller is lowered by the winding-on taking place too rapidly
as is well understood, then the engaging and disengaging lever turns
upon its centre by its own weight and draws the coiled chain tightly
upon its pulley, and thus prevents it from revolving.
The next part of my Invention also relates to the governor motion,
and consists in a method of preventing the nut of the quadrant screw
from moving unless acted on by the faller when winding. Upon the
pulley over which the endless winding-on band passes and which is
occasionally held as before described, or by any known arrangement, I
form another pulley around which there passes a band, one end thereof
being connected to a bracket extending from the carriage and the other
to a weighted lever turning on the stud of the said pullies.
As the carriage runs in and out the friction of the band tends to raise
and lower the weighted lever, and through the usual endless band
neutralize the tendency which the governor pulley has to give motion to
the nut.
Another part of my Invention relates to a method of governing the
length of the engaging and disengaging chain, for which purpose I
employ the motion of the nut of the quadrant screw, to illustrate which
I will describe an arrangement I employ:-Upon the radial arm I adapt
two toothed racks, one fixed, the other movable, and in gear with which
are two pinions fast together and turning upon a stud projecting from
the said nut. These pinions are of different diameters, and when there-
fore they are caused to traverse bodily with the nut a certain amount of

page_text: sliding motion is given to the movable rack, and this by means of a
projecting part acts upon the said chain so as to govern its length, which
variation is then used in the ordinary manner. This said traverse of the..
nut may be caused to act direct upon the star wheel or upon the friction
pulley described in reference to another part of my Invention above t
referred to.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Dodd in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th March 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DODD, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Dodd, Her special license,
that I, the said John Dodd, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Dodd, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MULES FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS, upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said John
Dodd, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Dodd, do hereby declare

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :—.
My Invention relates firstly to the apparatus employed for unlocking
the faller, the object being to effect that operation at the time the
carriage has completed its inward run, but the Invention admits of its
being done before or after that period.
In the ordinary arrangement of a self-acting mule the faller is
unlocked by the arrival of an arm in contact with a fixed bracket, which
is set so that the faller is sure to be unlocked before the carriage has
arrived against the back stops at the finish of its inward run.
By my Invention I use a moveable unlocking bracket, which may,
however, be set in any required position and retained there by a catch
or by similar means until liberated to act against the unlocking arm,
thus acting positively and not negatively, as in the ordinary arrange-
ment.
It will be evident that when the faller is unlocked during the running
in of the carriage the slack of the yarn will be increased by further
movement thereof, and that consequently there will be more yarn to coil
on the spindle, or, as is generally the case, to go into snarle, a defect in
fine spinning which this part of my Invention is designed to obviate, or
partially so.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 represents a portion of the
carriage and other parts of a mule, with the first part of my improve-
ments added. The ordinary framework is shewn at 1, and at 2 is the
front or winding faller shaft, on which is fastened the faller arm 2ª, with
the usual faller wire. At 3 is the counterfaller, and at 4 is the sector,
to which is attached by the joint stud 4ª the locking lever 5, and at the
bottom end is the arm 6, ordinarily called the unlocking arm. At 7 is
the bowl on which the part 5ª rests when the fallers are locked and the
yarn is being wound on the cop. At 8 is the bowl which rolls on the
top of the copping rail 9, and by means of the guide lever 8ª, bowl 7 and
locking lever 5 communicate the proper motion to the fallers for forming
the cop. A part of the carriage is shewn at 10, and at 11 a spindle con-
taining a partly finished cop.
At 12 is the unlocking bracket, which in the ordinary arrangement is
find hut aesculian
T
..

page_text: capable of sliding by means of a slot upon a pin 14 carried by a
stationary bracket 15. The other end of the bar 13 is jointed to one end
of a bell-crank lever 17 capable of turning upon a fixed centre 19, its
other arm being furnished with a weight 18, by which, therefore, the
bar 13 has a tendency to be forced towards the left hand of the Figure,
so as at proper times to bring the bracket 12 into contact with the arm
6. Upon the vertical arm 17 is a fixed stud or pin 17. Upon a fixed
bracket 20 is mounted a bell-crank lever 21, 21*, capable of turning
upon a centre 22, the part 21 thereof being provided at top with a set-
screw (see the detached view Fig. 1*) against which a part on the
carriage arrives as hereafter to be explained, and the part 21* thereof is.
formed as a catch capable at times of holding back the lever 17 by means
of the stud 17. At 23 is a bracket fastened to the back of the carriage,
and carrying, by means of a stud 24, a lever 25, the lower end of which
is provided with a projecting bowl 26. The lever 25 is free to turn upon
the stud 24 in one direction, but is prevented from moving in the other,
(namely, in the direction of the arrow), by a stop 25*, which bears against
the bracket 23. Upon the lever 17 is a flange formed as a curved incline
17º, 17ª, 17ª.
Having thus pointed out the construction and arrangement of the
parts, I will proceed to describe their operation; the positions shewn are
those assumed when the faller has just been unlocked and the carriage
is just commencing its outward run, that is in the direction of the arrow
1. The carriage having moved a short distance, the bowl 26 will arrive
in contact with the under side of that part of the flange on the lever 17
marked 17ª, and will begin to lift it, the lever 25, as before mentioned,
not being able to turn in the direction of the arrow 1ª, and by the time
the said bowl has arrived at the situation marked 17° the lever 17 will
have been turned upon its centre 19, so as to allow the catch 21* to lay
hold of the stud 17 and retain it until released, as hereafter to be
described. By these movements the lever 17 will have drawn backward
the bar 13, and consequently bracket 12, which positions of the parts
are shewn by the red lines.
When the carriage has completed its outward movement and the
backing off has been performed the part 5 and 5 of the locking lever 5
will rest on the bowl 7, and the faller will be governed in the usual
manner during the running in of the carriage. As the carriage goes in
the bowl 26 arrives against the outside edge of the flange 17°, 17°, 17ª, but

page_text: as the lever 25 is free to turn upon its centre 24 in the right direction it
will do so and run over the top edge of the said flange without producing
a disturbance of the lever 17, after which it will turn by its gravity
into the position shewn in the Drawing. Just before the carriage has
completed its inward movement it will arrive against the set screw on
the top of the lever 21, and a further movement of the carriage by
turning the said lever 21 upon its centre will lift the catch 21* from the
pin 17, and this can be regulated so as to be done sooner or later, but in
all cases it must be before the carriage has finished its inward run. As
soon as the pin 17° is freed from the catch 21* the weighted end of the
lever 17 falls and by so doing causes its other arm to slide the bar 13, and
consequently bracket 12 in the direction contrary to the arrow 3, whereby
the arm 6 of the locking lever 5 will be pushed from the top of the
bowl 7, and the sector is then at liberty to move in the direction of the
arrow 4, and so allow the faller arm and wire to rise to permit the yarn
being wound on the bare spindle. By these means the time the faller is
lifted can be regulated at pleasure, so that all the changes acquired at
that particular time can be completed before the faller has finished
coiling the yarn on the spindle.
By the above description it will have been seen that the bracket 12 is
so set that it will not unlock the faller so long as the catch 21* retains
it in the position shewn by the red lines, so that when the carriage has
arrived against the "back stops" the part 5 of the locking lever will
still rest on the the top of the bowl 7. The bracket 12 can be adjusted
so as to be nearer to or further from the arrow 3, and this will determine
how much the bar 13 must move before the faller is completely
inlocked. Of course the greater the distance the bar 13 has to move
the later will the faller be unlocked, for such distance represents time.
The speed at which the bar 13 moves will be regulated by the position
and weight of the load 18 on the lever 17.
The form of the operating edge of the bracket 12 will determine the
relative positions for unlocking the faller to suit the requirements of the
cop in passing through the various stages. Generally the bracket 12
will partly unlock the lever 5 before the catch 21* liberates the lever 17,
that is to say, the arm 6 will be in contact with the bracket 12 before
the catch 21 has released the lever 17, when the faller is locked the
part 5 will rest against the bowl 7.

page_text: I callo the faller partly unlocked when the arm 6 has caused the
part 5' to move from the bowl 7, although the part 5ª will still rest on
the top of the bowl 7.
My second improvement relates to obtaining an extra slow speed
motion for lifting the faller and starting the carriage on its outward
stretch. For this purpose instead of applying the twist strap as now
" to be
practised for the ordinary slow speed I cause the "taking-in strap
traversed from the taking-in or self-acting pulley on to the slow speed
pulley. This part of my Invention is shewn at Figs. 2 and 3, in which
a portion of the headstock of a mule is shewn at 1 and at 32 is the rim
shaft having keyed on to it the quick speed pulley 33, and having also
screwed to the rim shaft the large rim 34; at 35 is a loose pulley
working on the said rim shaft 32; at 36 is the slow speed pulley keyed
fast on the hollow rim shaft which works loosely on the solid rim
shaft 32; at the end of the hollow rim shaft is screwed the small rim 37;
an endless rim band passes around the rims in the usual manner. At 38
is the taking-in or self-acting pulley, as it is sometimes called, and which
works loosely on the hollow rim shaft and drives by means of the usual
geering the taking-in, the backing of, and the cam shaft motions; at 39
is the twist strap for driving the spinning parts of the mulc, and this
strap by being traversed as hereafter to be described drives the spindles
at either a slow or a quick speed, the difference being determined by the
size of the rims 34, 37; at 41 is the taking-in strap as I will call it for
distinction (or slow motion strap), and at 40, 42, are the driving drums
mounted on an ordinary countershaft 43; the drum driving the twist
strap 39 being larger gives a greater velocity to the strap 39 than the
drum 42 gives to the strap 41. For the sake of illustration one is
assumed to be twice the diameter of the other, and consequently one
strap will have double the velocity of the other. At 44 is the cam shaft
constructed in any ordinary manner, so as to make three changes, for
which purpose the said shaft carries the escape plate 45 with its threc
inclines and stops the friction box 46, for giving motion to the cam shaft
and the strap cams 47. One of the strap cams is for regulating the
traversing of the strap 39, and the other for the strap 41. These cams
act on the usual strap guide for traversing straps and are set so as to
act at the time and in the manner required to suit the operations of
the mule.

page_text: the first change at the "beam" or "stops" preparatory to commencing
another stretch the twist strap is either put on the fast or spinning pulley
by the cam shaft or allowed to be pulled on by a spring. In the case of
a"single speed" mule the spindles and rollers get on the full velocity
as quickly as the driving strap can start them, and in the case of a
"double speed" mule (which I now show), viz., in which the spindles
revolve at a slow speed during the coming out of the carriage, and
during the rotation of the rollers at the full speed, but as soon as the
rollers are stopped a quick speed is given to the spindle in order to put
in the additional twist required as speedily as possible. In the case of
the double speed mule the spindles get on the full velocity of the slow
speed as quickly as the strap can put them, which is comparatively very
quick.
The operation of this part of my Invention is as follows:-The cam
shaft has just made the first change, having disengaged the taking-in
motion and re-engaged the rollers and drawing-out motion, and placed
the straps on the proper pullies, all the parts being in the positions for
spinning at the slowest speed. The twist strap 39, instead of being as
usual on the pulley 36, is kept on the pulley 35, and is therefore
inoperative; but instead thereof the taking-in strap 41 is traversed
partly on the pulley 36 in a degree sufficient to drive it and commu-
nicate to it a slow speed, not by slipping, but by reason of the slow
speed of the strap 41. It will thus be seen that the pulley 36 will
revolve at the velocity of either of the straps 39 or 41.
I will here mention that in double speed mules of the above construc-
tion the rollers and drawing-out motion are driven from a pinion keyed
fast to the hollow rim shaft on which the pulley 36 is keyed, and
consequently they are governed entirely from that pulley. This enables
the the faller to be lifted with a slow velocity of the spindles, and the
) carriage started out in a gentle manner so as not to injure the yarn at this
particular operation.
When the carriage has come out a short distance the cam shaft makes
another change, which traverses the strap 41 off the pulley 36 on to the
pulley 38, and traverses the strap 39 from the loose pulley 35 on to the
5 pulley 36. The mule now goes on the ordinary slow speed until the
quick speed is put on, which is done by the next change of the cam
shaft traversing the strap 39 from the pulley 36 to the pulley 33. The

page_text: strap 39 when on the pulley 36 drives the spindles by means of the
small rim 37, but when on the pulley 33 by means of the large
rim 34.
The speed of the strap 41 can be regulated at pleasure to suit different
counts of yarn to be spun; the finer the counts the slower the motion
ought to be. When the right speed has been fixed on for the pulley 38
the gearing connected with the same can be adjusted to give the right
speed to the various motions which are driven from it.
The next part of my Invention refers to the winding-on motion, and
consists in a method of controlling the effect of the quadrant band. For
this purpose, instead of forming the quadran tpulley as a paralled drum,
or with grooves of equal diameter, I form it as a double scroll,
one half thereof corresponding to the other. During therefore the
motion of the carriage the said band will be coiled and uncoiled with
equal tension, although producing a variable effect. This part of my
Invention is shewn at Figures 4 and 5, in which a portion of the frame
of the headstock is shewn at 1.
At 60 is the ordinary quadrant shaft, and at 61 the quadrant pinion
in gear with the toothed quadrant 65 of the radial arm 66.
At 62 is the quadrant pulley, but instead of being a plain drum or a
spirally grooved drum of equal diameter, it is made in the form of a
double scroll, one portion thereof being represented by 62 and the other
by 62*, but each of these portions increases in diameter as it advances
towards the outside ends, the parts a, a*, b, b*, c, c*, d, d*, e, e*, corres-
ponding to each other.
At 63 in one portion of the ordinary quadrant band, one end of which
is fastened to the part a of the scroll 62, and the other end after passing
around a carrier pulley on the "back shaft" is secured to the carriage
in the ordinary manner by a ratchet.
At 64 is the other quadrant band, one end of which is fastened to the a
part of the scroll 62, shewn at e*, and the other end, as usual, to the
carriage. The band being thus arranged it will be understood that
while it is uncoiling from e* it is being coiled upon e, and so on at all
other portions of the double scroll, and as one end takes up what is
delivered by the other the tension of the quadrant band is kept equal.
3

page_text: In the ordinary arrangement of the mulè when the carriage moves at`
an uniform velocity the motion communicated to the quadrant shaft is
also uniform and regular; consequently, when the carriage during the
run in moves at a variable velocity, the quadrant shaft 60 moves at a
variable velocity, but the velocity whether regular or irregular is always
in harmony with the motion of the carriage. But with the use of a
scroll on the quadrant the effect is very different, for if the motion of the
carriage is uniform the motion communicated to the quadrant shaft will
not be uniform, but will be slower when the band is uncoiling from the
largest diameter than it will be when uncoiling from the smallest.
According to the position of the parts shewn on the Drawing the
carriage is out; it will be seen that the bands 63, 64, come off the large
ends of the scroll, and as a consequence when the carriage starts on its
run in the quadrant shaft 60 will move at a slower rate than usual.
This slow motion will cause more chain to be uncoiled from the winding-
on drum than would otherwise be the case, the result being that more
yarn will be wound on the cop at the commencement of the run in, the
counterfaller not being allowed to rise as high as it otherwise would.
Again when the bands are coming off the slightly increased diameters c, d,
and c, d, the velocity of the quadrant will be slightly decreased and a
corresponding increase made in the rate, the yarn is wound on the cop
that is compared with the rate of motion in the carriage.
By modifying the form of the scroll 62, 62*, the character of the
winding may be varied so as to enable the counterfaller to be kept
steady instead of that usual up-and-down movement of the counterfaller
which is objectionable in fine spinning.
The next part of my Invention refers to the governor motion, and
consists in a method of regulating the connexion between the usual
endless band or chain and the fallers, for which purpose I apply a coiled
friction brake to the band pulley. The object of this part of my Invention
is to arrest the motion of the band pulley by an arrangement which can
be engaged and disengaged by the counterfaller by apparatus which is
weighted very lightly. This part of my Invention is shewn at
Figures 4, 5, 6, which represent a portion of a mule of that construction
in which an endless band or chain is used for turning the pulley of the
quadrant nut. A portion of the frame of the headstock is at 1;
at 2, the winding faller carrying the lever 85; at 3 is the counterfaller

page_text: on which is the lever 86, and to it is bolted a small bracket 86* having
an adjusting screw 86' passing through it connected to the chain 87,
which after passing around a pulley 88 returns to the lever 85 to which
it is fastened. The pulley 88 is carried by a lever 89 capable of turning
upon a fixed centre 90. The end 89° of the lever is somewhat heavier
than the end 89', and to the end 89° a chain 92 is connected, which after
passing round the pulley 79 is again taken partially round, and its
end is then fastened to a fixed stud 81%. This chain works in the
groove 79ª (see Fig. 6), which is wide enough to allow it some lateral
play without permitting it to get off. The pulley 79 is supported by the
stud 84 which is fastened to the arm 81" of the bracket 81, and the
stud 81° is also carried by the bracket 81. At 72 is the quadrant band
pulley and at 77 the endless governor band, the part of which nearest
the arrow 6 passes round one of the pullies 78, and thence to the
pulley 79 after which it proceeds to the back carrier pulley 80 and
passing around it returns to the other pulley 78 after which it passes
round the quadrant pulley 72.
The Drawings shew the positions of the parts when the mule is ready
for backing off, and the operation is as follows:-When the counter-
faller is lowered by the yarn being wound on too rapidly, the arm 86
and that end of the chain 87 is lowered and consequently the end 89 of
the lever is lowered, and by turning upon the centre 90 raises the other
end 89, and this takes up the slack of the chain 92 and causes it to
tighten round the periphery of the groove 79ª, and so at once arrests its
motion if the chain 87 is slakened sufficiently to allow the whole of the
weighted end 89ª to be sustained by the chain 92. As soon as the
pulley 79 is stopped, or its motion slowered, the band at 77 is drawn
along with the carriage so as to act upon the pulley 72 in the manner
well-known.
As soon as the counterfaller rises the end of the lever 89° is lowered,
and the chain 92 again slackened to release the pulley 79.
It will be seen that the chain 92 acts on the pulley 79 by what is
known as coil friction, and which enables a very small force to control
a large amount of resistance in the form of motion.
The next part of my Invention also relates to the governor motion,
and consists in a method of preventing the nut of the quadrant screw
from moving unless acted on by the faller when winding; this is shewn
at Figures 4, 5, 6.

page_text: At 81 is a stud fixed to the bracket 81, and to it is attached one end
of a band 83, which after passing round the groove 79° is fastened to
a lever 82 mounted on the stud 84. On the face of the boss of the
lever 82 is a projection 82ª, which acts against a pin 81 so as to allow
only a limited motion up or down of the lever 82, but so as to keep the
band 83 in a state of tension. The lever 82 acts only as a weight to the
band 83.
In the ordinary arrangements of the governor motion it is necessary
that the nut of the quadrant screw should be stationary unless acted on
by the counterfaller, and in order to ensure this it is necessary that the
pulley 72 on the quadrant should move to and fro with the quadrant
without motion on its axis relative to the same. The friction of the
band 77 in passing round the various pullies offers a resistance to the
movement of the pulley 72 with the quadrant, or indeed tends to keep
it stationary, the result is that motion is communicated to the quadrant
screw when the carriage is coming out, which deranges the winding.
By the employment of the lever 82 and band 83 the motion of the
pulley 79 is retarded while the carriage is coming out, and the band 77
tends to turn the pulley 72 backward, but is prevented from doing so by
the ratchet wheel and catch 75, 76, but the tendency thereto allows the
pulley 72 to move with the. quadrant without imparting any motion to
the screw. When the carriage goes in the pulley 79 moves in the
direction indicated by the arrow 8, and when it comes out in the
contrary direction, when the pulley goes in one direction, the friction of
the band tends to draw the weighted lever 82 along with it, which being
free to move at once cases the strain on the pulley, on which the friction
depends, when the lever again falls to its normal position, the effect on
the pulley being merely the weight 82; but when the pulley 79 moves
in the contrary direction to that indicated by the arrow 8 the friction
between the band and the pulley act against the fixed part 81%, which
assisted by the weight 82 gives the greatest resistance, and hence the
effect above described. !
The next part of my Invention relates to a method of governing the
length of the engaging and disengaging chain, for which purpose I
The arrangement
employ the motion of the nut of the quadrant screw.
I employ for this purpose is shewn at Figures 7, 8, the former being a
complete view of the quadrant and certain parts connected therewith,

page_text: and the latter a view of a portion thereof upon an enlarged scale,
together with other parts, upon which my Invention acts. At 100 is
the radial arm, and at 101 the nut, upon which is a stud carrying two
toothed pinions 102, 103, of different diameters, the smaller of which
takes into a rack 104 fast with the radial arm 100, and the larger taking
into a rack 105 mounted with the other rack, but capable of sliding
thereon by means of studs and slots 106. At the bottom of the sliding
rack 105 is a projecting part 107, and it is by the aid of this when
motion is imparted to it by the quadrant nut as hereafter to be described
that I effect the purpose of my Invention. The nut as is well-known
is gradually traversed upward by the quadrant screw during the
building of the cop, and in my arrangement it carries with it two pinions
102, 103, which are fast together, and in gear respectively with the
racks 104 and 105. Now if these two pinions were of the same diameter
it is obvious that they would simply roll upon their racks and produce
no result, but if they are of different diameters then a certain amount of
motion will be imparted to the loose rack, and in proportion to the
difference of the circumferences of the pinions, the said motion being
upward or downward accordingly as the larger or smaller pinion is in
gear with the fixed and loose racks respectively.
In the Drawing the larger pinion is in gear with the loose rack, when
therefore the nut by causing the small pinion to revolve, the same
motion is imparted to the larger pinion, but as its circumferential speed
is greater than the smaller pinion, it will by turning in the direction of
the arrow cause the moveable rack gradually to slide downward, until
when the nut has reached its highest point the position shewn by the red
lines will have been attained.
Having thus pointed out how I can utilize the motion of the nut for
the purpose of my Invention, I will proceed to describe a practical
application thereof:-At 107, 108, are the two faller shafts, to which are
attached the levers 109, 110, to the latter of which is connected a
click 111 taking into a ratchet wheel 112 mounted on a stud 113, and
fast with the ratchet wheel 112 is a pulley 114. The engaging and
disengaging chain is shewn at 115, one end of which is made fast to the
lever 109, and from thence passes downward and over a pulley 109*,
after which it is conducted to a pulley fast with the ratchet wheel 112,
to which pulley it is attached at 116. At 117 is another chain attached
to the pulley 114, and fastened at its lower end to a lever 118 mounted

page_text: on the carriage, capable of turning upon a fixed centre 119. The
outward end of the lever 118 carries a bowl, which is situate at times to
be described beneath the projecting part 107 of the moveable rack 105.
The pulley 109* is carried by a lever 122 which turns upon a centre
at 120, and its other end 121 I will suppose to be connected to the
chain 92, described under another part of my Invention by reference to
Fig. 4.
As the cop is being built, and the nut rises in the usual manner, the
part 107 is gradually caused to move downward and act as a variable
incline to turn the lever 118 upon its centre 119, when the carriage
comes out, thereby drawing down the chain 117 so as to turn the
pulley 113 and take up the chain 115, and when the said part 107
has moved downward sufficiently the chain 115 will be taken up for
a length equivalent to one tooth of the ratchet 112, and detained
by the click 111, and this movement will then regulate the position
of the point 121, the fallers then acting in the usual manner with a
shortened chain.
By causing the part 107 to ascend as before described, and by
modifying the fulcrums of the lever the same effect may be produced,
or the action may take place direct upon the ordinary star wheel instead
of the friction drum above referred. The extra chain 117 and two
pulleys on the stud 113 are simply employed to gain extended action.
The part 107 may be formed in any curved manner for suiting the
particular requirements of the mule.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I do not limit myself to the exact mechanical details
and arrangements shewn and described, but I claim as secured to me
under the above in part recited Letters Patent and for the purposes
above set forth,―
Firstly. The employment of a moveable bracket or other such
apparatus, acting positively instead of negatively, for unlocking the
fallers.
Secondly. The use of the taking-in strap, for the purpose above set
forth.
Thirdly. The use of a double scroll on the quadrant shaft for
manulation the winding mati

page_text: Fourthly. The use of the coil friction for checking the band pulley of
the governor motion.
Fifthly. The use of a lever and band, as illustrated at 82, 83.
Sixthly. Employing the motion of the quadrant nut for governing
the length of the engaging and disengaging chain, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Dodd, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-four.
PAR