CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF MAKING SECURE RECEPTACLES FOR PROPERTY, SUCH RECEPTACLES BEING EITHER FIXED OR TRANSPORTABLE, AND BEING SUCH AS ARE USUALLY CALLED STRONG DOORS, SAFES, CHESTS, AND BOXES
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
СHUBB, of Saint Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London, Patent Lock
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I did, by Petition, humbly represent unto His present most
Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, that, after considerable application
and expence, I had invented "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF MAKING
SECURE RECEPTACLES FOR PROPERTY, SUCH RECEPTACLES BEING EITHER FIXED OR
TRANSPORTABLE, AND BEING SUCH AS ARE USUALLY CALLED STRONG DOORS, SAFES,
CHESTS, AND BOXES;" and His said Majesty, being willing to give encouragement
to all arts and inventions which may be for the public good, was graciously
pleased, by His Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the
Thirteenth day of May last (One thousand eight hundred and thirty-five), in
the fifth year of His reign, for Himself, His heirs and successors, to give and
grant unto me, the said Charles Chubb, my exors, adñors, and assigns, His
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I or they, by
myself or themselves, or by my or their deputies, servants, or agents, or such
others as I or they should agree with, and no others, during the term of
fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend my said Invention within that part of
His said Majesty's Dominion called England, His Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me, my exors, adñiors,
and assigns, shall seem meet, and as that I or they shall enjoy the whole profit
and advantage arising by reason of the said Invention during the said term of

page_text: fourteen years; and for that end His said Majesty requires and strictly com-
mands all His subjects whatsoever, that they shall not, neither directly nor in-
directly, make, use, or put in practice my said Invention, or any part thereof, nor
in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor make any addition
thereto or subtraction therefrom, whereby to pretend himself or themselves to
be the inventor or inventors thereof. And whereas the said Letters Patent
contain a proviso obliging me, the said Charles Chubb, particularly to de-
scribe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, as in and by the same (reference being thereunto had) will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Chubb, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described and
ascertained in manner following, and by the aid of the two sheets of Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
Part of my improvements in the means of making secure receptacles for
property consists in applying plating of case hardened iron; or of hardened and
tempered steel, to the interior surfaces of the-wood or metal whereof strong
doors, safes, chests, and boxes, or such like receptacles, are or may be made; in
order that the case hardened iron or hardened and tempered-steel may prevent
any entrance being obtained into such receptacles by cutting, boring, or
drilling through the substance of the receptacle from the outside; and previous
to so applying plating of case hardened iron or of hardened and tempered steel
to the interior of the receptacle, strong door, safe, chest, or box, the same is to
be constructed of the usual materials, and framed and put together in the
usual manner; and then I eut out suitable plates of soft sheet iron or soft
sheet steel, well annealed, and fit those plates to the interior surfaces of; the
receptacle, so as to line the same, either at every part of such interior surfaces,
or only at such parts thereof as it is desirablo to secure against the effect of
cutting, boring, or drilling through from the outside, such plating lining being
either applied in close contact with the said interior surfaces, or else at a small
distance therefrom; and also through each of the soft iron or steel plates
be
which are so fitted to the said interior surfaces I make all such holes as may
requisite for receiving as many nails, pins, rivets, or screws as will be sufficient
for fastening the said several plates: securely in place, with the aid of such
dovetails, uniting bars, cramps, angle pieces, or corner pieces as will be best
adapted for so fastening the same; which fittings being correctly made, I then

page_text: submit the said iron plates to the usual process of case hardening, so as to
convert their surfaces into hardened steel, which will effectually resist the
action of boring, drilling, or cutting tools, whilst the interior thickness of the
plate continues in the state of soft iron. Or in case of steel being used
for such plating instead of iron, then after the several plates of soft steel have
been fitted as aforesaid I submit them to the ordinary process of hardening
and tempering steel plates in the manner commonly practised for hardening
and tempering saws, sword blades, or other like articles, the tempering being
managed so as to leave the steel plating sufficiently hard through its whole
thickness to resist the action of boring, drilling, or cutting tools. And finally,
the several iron plates so case hardened, or steel plates so hardened and
tempered, are applied against or opposite to those parts of the interior surface
of the receptacle to which they have been previously fitted, and the aforesaid
holes through the case hardened iron or hardened and tempered steel plates
are continued into the substance whereof the receptacle is constructed, or into
the cramps, angle pieces, or such other uniting parts as may have been
provided as aforesaid in order to receive such nails, pins, rivets, or screws
as will effectually fasten the hardened plates severally into their intended
places, either in contact with the interior surfaces of the receptacles, or at
small distances therefrom, as aforesaid. The holes through the said iron or
steel plates, being made before they are case hardened or hardened and
tempered, will be easily perforated through the soft iron or steel; and the
holes into the substance of the receptacle or into the aforesaid uniting pieces,
being perforated after the plates are case hardened or hardened and tempered,
may be made to correspond with the holes in the hardened plates, notwith-
standing any small alteration of form which may be occasioned in the plates
by the case hardening or hardening and tempering process; and, such case
hardened or hardened and tempered plates being fastened in place withinside
of the receptacle by nails, pins, rivets, or screws, will, make such receptacle
secure against cutting, drilling, or boring through from the outside, for after
penetrating through the ordinary external substance of the receptacle, the
case hardened or hardened and tempered plating will prevent the further
progress of cutting, drilling, or boring tools. This part of my improvements
is particularly applicable to such receptacles, strong doors, safes, chests, and
boxes as are transportable, because the wood or metal whereof they are
usually constructed is not commonly made of such a great thickness
of materials as is difficult to cut, drill, or bore through; but when case
hardened iron or hardened and tempered steel plating is.applied withinside of
such receptacles, according to this part of my improvements, the said plating

page_text: will greatly contribute to the general strength of the receptacle, and the
substance thereof, being thereby made secure against cutting, drilling, or
boring from the outside, may be made of less thickness than is usually given
to such receptacles. For instance, the very largest strong receptacles or safes
which are required for the use of banking houses will be made secure against
depredation by cutting and drilling or boring if the external receptacle is
made of iron plate one quarter of an inch thick, with an internal plating of
case hardened iron one eighth of an inch thick applied according to this part
of my improvements as aforesaid; and for the smaller sized strong receptacles
or boxes, such as are called cash or deed boxes, the external iron plate may be
one eighth of an inch in thickness, and the internal hardened plating one
sixteenth of an inch thick, hardened and tempered steel being preferable
in cases where small quantities of the plating is required, so that the
difference of cost between iron and steel plate will not be objectionable;
and travelling strong boxes for conveying valuable property may be made
of wood of a moderate thickness, from three quarters of an inch to an inch
and a quarter, according to the size of the box, and being lined with a plating
of hardened and tempered steel plate about one-sixteenth of an inch in thick-
ness, applied according to this part of my improvements, will make the saine
very secure against cutting, drilling, and boring. And as to the mode of case
hardening such iron plates, or of hardening and tempering such steel plates as
aforesaid, no particular instruction can be required by those persons who are
accustomed to the case hardening of fire irons and other like articles, or the
hardening and tempering of steel plates for saws and other similar articles.
The ordinary case hardening process is performed by subjecting the iron
articles which are to be case hardened to a strong heat during several hours,
whilst they are surrounded on all sides in close contact with animal charcoal made
of charred leather or the hoofs of horses or cows, or bones charred. Such
charcoal is reduced to powder, and a thin and even layer thereof is put into
an iron box or case adapted for receiving the iron plates which are to be case
hardened, and one of those plates being laid in the box upon the said first
layer of charcoal, is then entirely covered over with another second layer of
the same, then another iron plate is laid on that second layer, and covered over
in its turn with a third layer of the charcoal, on which another iron plate is
laid and covered over, and so on until the iron box or case is quite filled with
such successive layers of the animal charcoal alternating with the iron plates
which are to be case hardened, so that each such plate will be entirely
surrounded on every side by the charcoal, after which the cover of the iron
box, being applied and securely fastened on, may be luted with fire clay, and

page_text: then the box so prepared must be put into a furnace and, heated by fire and
flame to a strong red heat applied with as much uniformity as possible in
order to give an equality of heat to every part of the contents of the. box,
which heat must be steadily kept up during from eight to twelve hours, and
thereby the external surface of the soft iron plates will be converted into a
very thin casing of steel by the action of the animal charcoal under the
influence of the heat; and after the heat has been continued so long as pre-
vious experience has shewn to be requisite for causing the said converting.
action to penetrate sufficiently into the thickness of the iron for effecting an
efficient case hardening thereof, then, the box being withdrawn from the fire,
and opened immediately, the plates may be taken out one by one whilst quite
red hot, and suddenly quenched in cold water, or in oil or tallow, in order to
harden their surfaces which have been newly converted into steel as aforesaid:
The hardening and tempering of steel plates is performed by heating the soft
steel plates red hot in an oven or furnace which is adapted to give an equality:
of heat to every part of the plates, and withdrawing them one by one as they
become sufficiently heated, and quenching them whilst fully red hot in water,
or oil, or melted tallow, whereby the steel will be rendered quite hard; but to
remove the brittleness which is attendant on extreme hardness they must be
afterwards tempered by heating the hardened plates very gradually and uni-
formly until a straw-coloured tint is observed to be produced in such parts of
the hardened plate as may have been previously made bright. The further
details of the above processes of case hardening and of hardening and tem-
pering are well known to workmen who are accustomed to practise the same..
The object of another part of my said improvements is to make such
receptacles as aforesaid secure against the effect of fire. The ordinary mode
of internal iron lining at a small distance from the exterior iron receptacle,
in order to retain a thin stratum of air included between the two, thicknesses
of iron, is a very inefficient security against such a violent fire as will
cause the external iron to become red hot through its thickness, because a
radiation of heat will then take place from the internal surface of the
said red hot iron, and the thin stratum of intervening air will not impede
that radiation in conveying heat to the internal lining. And this part of my
said improvements consists in applying two or three internal linings of
iron plate to the receptacle, one lining within another, leaving narrow spaces
between each lining, and filling up those spaces with some such slow .con.
ducting materials as will retard the transmission of heat, such as baked wood,
wood ashes or charcoal, fragments of earthenware, pottery, tilés, or bricks, or
sand stone broken small, and rammed into such spaces, or coarse sand, or small

page_text: gravel sifted, or fragments of slate put in edgeways, or other slow conducting
filling up, to leave no vacant spaces for the lodgement or confinement of air.
But the security against fire according to this part of my improvements will
be derived from two or three successive layers of the said slow-conducting
substances being included between the successive iron plate linings to the
receptacle. And for receptacles which are transportable, and wherein diminution
of weight is very desirable, the case hardened iron or hardened and tempered
steel plating which is applied within the same according to the first-mentioned
part of my improvement, may serve for one of the said interior linings, in
which case, instead of applying and fastening the hardened plating in contact
with the interior surfaces of the receptacle, the said hardened plates may be
fitted together and joined at their angles and corners by suitable angle pieces,
with rivets, pins, or screws, so as to unite them together and form an interior
receptacle sufficiently small to go into the receptacle itself, and leave a space
all around for filling up with slow-conducting material as aforesaid, an interior
lining of thin iron plate being applied within the hardened plating, and a
filling of slow-conducting material interposed between the two, so as to make
two layers thereof, and another interior lining with interior filling material may
be applied within the above-mentioned lining to include a third layer, this
part of my improvement being to make such receptacles as aforesaid secure
against the effect of fire by means of at least three or four thicknesses of iron
plating, with two or threo layers of slow-conducting materials filled into all the
several spaces between the said plating, leaving no vacuities for air, as has
hitherto been done in the receptacles commonly called fireproof.
Figures 1, 2, and 3, in Sheet I. of the Drawing hereunto annexed, are
representations of a strong box or transportable receptaclo for cash, decds, or
other valuables, which box is made secure against fire by this part of my
improvements. A, A, is the external iron plate whereof the receptacle is
made, and which may be put together in the usual manner, as is commonly
practised for like receptacles, with its lid or cover B attached to the box by
hinges a, a, and shutting down flush within the border formed by the sides
A, A, of the box, and being secured by a lock b. 6, 6, is an interior lining
of thin iron plate, which may be put together in the form of a complete box
small enough to go into the receptacle A, A, and leave a sufficient interval
between the two for filling up on all sides with a layer 5, 5, of non-conducting
material, as before mentioned. 7, 7, is another like lining of thin iron plate,
which may also form a complete box small enough to go into the box 6, 6,
with an interval on all sides for filling up with another layer 8, 8, of non-
conducting material. And lastly, D, D, is the innermost lining, which is also

page_text: formed like a box in the same manner as the ordinary iron lining of such fire-
proof receptacles are constructed, having a flange border d, d, projecting
outwards around the edge or opening of the box D, D, to reach outwards to
the external case A, A, and join close to the upper edge thereof, so as to
cover over the edges of the other linings 6, 6, 7, 7, and over their intervening
fillings 5, 8, and 9, of non-conducting material, the innermost layer 9
being filled in between the iron plating 7, 7, and D, D.
The lid or
cover B has an interior lining c, e, affixed to its inner side, leaving
an interval between the two as usual in fireproof boxes, but instead of air
the interval is filled with two or three layers, 5, 8, and 9, of the non-
conducting material, and thin iron plates 6, 7, intervening between the said
layers. Therefore in the receptacle represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3,
the external iron A, A, and the innermost lining D, D, with its flange d, d,
and also the lining c, e, to the lid B, are constructed as usual for like re-
ceptacles, except leaving rather wider intervals than usual between tho
box A, A, and the lining D, D, and between the lid B and the lining e, e,
thereto; but this part of my improvements consists in filling up all those
intervals with successive layers of non-conducting material, and thin iron
plates intervening between the said layers, as before explained; and when frag-
ments of pottery or brick, sand or small gravel, or other like non-conducting
material in grains or in powder is used for forming such layers for filling up the
said intervals, the grains or powder may be filled into bags or flat cases made
of sheets of cartridge paper folded around suitable moulds, and the edges closely
pasted together, which cases are rammed full of the said material, whilst the
bags are lodged within suitable hollow moulds which will retain them to the
exact thickness and dimensions for the intervals which they are to fill up, and
being so filled the said cases are closed by folding the paper and pasting its
edges so closely together as will effectually prevent the grains or powder
escaping out of the paper, which, with its contents thus prepared, is ready for
forming a filling-up layer of non-conducting material, which may be readily
inserted into the interval between the iron plate linings. And note, it is not
necessary that the intermediate iron linings 6, 6, and 7, 7, should be put togo-
ther in the form of complete boxes, but they may be merely loose plates inter-
posed between the several layers of non-conducting materials which have
been prepared by ramming into paper cases. The manner of putting such
layers and intervening plates together is represented in perspective at Figure 4,
Sheet 1. And note, instead of making such cases of paper they may be made
of iron plate, tinned, folded up, and soldered close for receiving the said non-
conducting material; and if the middlemost of those layers is so cased in iron

page_text: plate; tinned, the outermost and innermost being cased in paper, the said iron
plate will form the intervening lining plates, which, as before mentioned, are
to be interposed between the layers of non-conducting material: When case
hardened iron or hardened and tempered steel plating is to be applied according
to the first part of my improvements to such fire-proof receptacles as is repres
sented in the Drawing, the said hardened plating must be put together to
form the interior box 6, 6, which is only separated from the outer receptacló
A, A, by one layer 5, 5; of non-conducting material.
2.
And another further part of my said improvements in the means of making
secure receptacles, as aforesaid, is by the application of small locks to the strong
doors of such receptacles in a suitable manner for closing and preventing all
access to certain cells or cavities which contain handles, whereby several in-
ternal bolts for fastening the door or doors of the receptacles can be bolted or
unbolted by moving such handles with the hand, the said small locks being
either applied to lock up and secure small trap doors by which the said cells or
cavities are closed, and access to the handles of the bolts prevented, or else the
said small locks may be applied to retain moveable filling-up plugs or stoppers,
whereby such cells or cavities are closed, and thus prevent them from being
opened. Or the said small locks may otherwise be applied to retain such
filling-up stoppers from being turned round in the cells or cavities which are
filled up by them, and which must in that case be of a circular figure, and must
be adapted to bolt or unbolt the internal bolts of the doors, when a turning.
motion is given to the said filling-up stoppers within their cavities or cells.
The aforesaid cells or cavities which contain handles for actuating the bolts
are formed in strong pieces of metal which are firmly affixed against the out-
side surface of the door, the projection outwards from that surface being formed
with such gradually inclined slopes threfrom as will not permit blows of a
hammer to operate with any effect for displacing such pieces of metal from the
surface against which they are fixed.
Figures 5, 6, and 7, Sheet 1, represent the mode of applying small locks. to.
a trap door as aforesaid. F, F, is a section of a strong door of iron; or it may
be of wood of a suitable thickness. Against the outer surface of the door
the piece of metal 10, 10, is affixed by screws inserted through the thickness:
of the door from the inside, so as to be inaccessible from without: The piece
10 is retained firmly in place either by letting its base into the door at h, hi
or else by a border plate fif, of iron or steel, having an aperture through it,
into which the base of the piece 10, 10, is truly fitted, and the plate:f, f.is
securely rivetted or screwed to the outside surface of the door. The promi-
nence of the piece 10 outwards beyond the surface of the door or of the

page_text: plate f, f; is by very gradual slopes on every side. 11, 11, is the trap door
exactly fitted to close the cell or cavity in the piece 10. The trap door 11
is hinged upon two pivots 12, which are fitted into suitable pivot holes.
withinside the said cavity, so as to be quite inaccessible from without. The
pivots 12 are introduced from-the-inside, and retained in their holes by filling
pieces 13, also introduced withinside, and secured in place by screws before the
piece 10 is fastened to the door. 14 is the small lock affixed to the inside
of the trap door 11 by screws, see also Figure 7. It shoots out two bolts 15
and 16 in opposite directions, to enter into two bolt holes withinside of the
cavity in the picce 10. The same small key 17 throws both bolts. First,
one bolt, 15, is shot upwards, whilst the key 17 is turned one half round, and
then the other bolt 16 is shot downwards whilst the key is turned the other
half round. Each bolt 15 or 16 is detained by its own tumblers' quite
independently of the other bolt and its tumblers, and for greater security the
tumblers of one of the bolts 15 may be provided with my Patent Detector, the
mechanism of which will give warning to the proprietor in case of attempts
being made to open the lock by lifting the tumblers of the bolt 15 by pickers
or by false keys, for that detecting mechanism becoming deranged by over-
lifting any of the tumblers will prevent the bolt 15 being unlocked by its own.
true key until the derangement is rectified. The said mechanism is constructed
according to a former invention for which a Patent was granted to me by
His late Majesty King George the Fourth on the Fifteenth of June, One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-four, but any other kind of lock may
be used for securing the trap door. When the trap door 11 is shut, and the
two bolts 15, 16, of the lock 14, are both locked, the cell or cavity in the
piece 10 will be securely closed. When the bolts 15 and 16 are unlocked,
and the trap door 11 is opened by turning on its hinges or pivots 12, it will
give access to the turning handle 19 by which the several internal bolts för
securing the strong door F, F, are to be actuated. When the trap door-11:
is shut, the turning handle 19 is folded flat against the surface of the door
F, F, at the bottom of the cell in the piece 10; but after the trap door-11 is'
opened the handle 19 can be folded outwards ready for use. It is united by
a joint to the end of a turning spindle 20, which passes through the thickness
of the door F, and has a circular wheel fixed on the end of the spindle
withinside the door, in order to shoot several radiating bolts in four-directions
at once by means of spirally curved grooves. in the said wheel. The
construction and application of such a wheel and its bolts is represented:
in Figures 8 and 9; Sheet II., wherein 20 is the aforesaid, turning spindle.
which passes through the thickness of the door F, F, and 21 is the turning

page_text: wheel fixed on a square at the end of the spindle 20, withinside of tho
door. 22 is the box or case within which the turning whee 21 is included,
and which is fastened to the inside of the door by scrows. 23, 23, 23, 23,
are the radiating stems of four bolts which extend, two vertically and two
horizontally, from the centre of the wheel 21 to the top and bottom and the
two sides of the door, the several stems 23 laying flat against the door, and
having stud pins 24 projecting out from them at their ends, to pass through
four spirally curved grooves cut out in the turning wheel 21, as is shown
in Figure 8; and the extreme ends of the same stud pins 24 enter into four
straight guiding grooves which radiate out from the axis 21, being formed in
a piece of metal 25, which is fastened in the bottom of the box 22. Each
of the radiating stems 23 may have a cross branch 26 at its outer
end, with two other branch bolts, 27, to assist the principal bolts 23
in securing the door, all the bolts 23, 27, being fitted through sockets 28,
which are screwed to the inside of the door along its top, bottom, and sides,
so that if required the door may have eight, ten, or twelve bolts, all of which
will be bolted or unbolted at once by turning the handle 19, Figures 5 and 6,
less than one quarter of a turn, for by the turning motion which is thereby
given to the wheel 21 in one direction its four spiral grooves will act on the
stud pins 24 to throw all the four radiating stems 23 outwards together from
the central axis 20, in order to bolt all the bolts, or by turning the same wheel
in the contrary direction its grooves will gather in all the four studs 24 of the
stems 23 towards the centre, so as to unbolt the bolts. Note, the handle 19
cannot be folded up into its place at the bottom of the cell or cavity in the
piece 10, so as to permit the trap door 11 to be shut, unless the wheel 21 has
been previously turned so that all the bolts will be bolted, and then the
handle 19 being folded flat into the cell, and the trap door 11 being closed
over the handle, and locked with its two bolts 15, 16, by their small key 17,
all access to the handle 19 will be prevented. The handle 19, when so folded
and shut up, will detain the axis 20 and wheel 21 from being turned so as to
withdraw the bolts 23, 27. The trap door 11 and the piece 10, into which it
is fitted, as well as its border plate f, f, may be made of iron, case hardened, to
resist cutting or drilling, or the piece 10 may be cast of hard gun metal,
which is difficult to cut. The trap door 11, with its small lock 14, and the
piece 10, may be made of an oval form, as shewn by the dotted lines, Figures
5 and 7, instead of an oblong square, as represented, or it may be circular,
and it may be applied to the outside of a wooden door as well as an iron one.
The border plate f, f, being of iron, may be extended all across the width of the
door. This part of my improvements may be applied to strong doors of chambers,

page_text: warehouses, or shops, which require to be secured from the outside; and the
trap door may in such case be made of brass, or may be plated externally with
brass, suitably for engraving a number or name of the proprietor upon it, so as
to present an ornamental appearance; and the key hole for the key 17 may be
concealed in the engraving. And for further fastening of the piece of metal 10
to the door F, it may have angle pieces within its cavity, as shewn by the
dotted lines m, m, Figure 5; to receive screws which are screwed into the
door, and the heads of those screws will be inaccessible when the trap door 11
is closed.
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, Sheet II., represent another mode of applying
small locks according to the last-mentioned part of my improvements, to
detain a circular filling-up plate 31 from being turned round within its circular
cell or cavity in a' piece of metal 10, which is fixed on the outside of the
door F, in the manner already described respecting Figures 5 and 6, videlicet;
by screws put through the door F from the inside, and the base of the
picce 10 being let into the door at h, h, or else into a border plate f, f, by
which the said base of the piece 10 is surrounded. In this case the lock 14,
and the filling-up plate 81; are affixed to the turning spindle 20, Figure 9, in
place of the folding handle 19, Figure 6, before described, the spindle 20
being for that purpose formed with a circular plate r, r, Figure 9, which
occupies the bottom of the cell in the piece 10; and the filling plate 31, which
is formed with a cylindrical border or rim 8, s, to fit into the circular cell or
cavity in the piece 10, is united to the plater by suitable screws in the manner
of a box, within the hollow of which the lock 14 is contained, the two bolts 15
and 16 thereof being fitted through openings in the cylindrical borders, s, of
that box, and shooting out into bolt holes made withinside of the cylindrical
cavity or cell in the piece 10. When the bolts 15 and 16 are shot out into
those bolt holes by the key 17 they prevent the filling piece 31 from being.
turned round in the cell or cavity in the piece 10; but when the bolts 15:
and 16 are unlocked, then, by applying a turning handle X, Figure 12;
with its two stump pins x, x, inserted into two holes y, y, Figure 10,
in the external surface of the filling-up plate 31, the same may be
turned round, together with the axis 20 and turning wheel 21, in the same
manner as before described respecting the turning handle 19, Figure 6,
and for the same purpose of bolting or unbolting the several internal bolts 23,
27, by which the door is to be made secure. The filling plate 31 may be of
iron, case hardened, and the piece of metal 10 the same. The pin holes y, Y,
to which the stump pins a, a, of the turning handle X,
penetrate through the thickness of the plate 31.
are applied, do not

page_text: And, lastly, Figures 14, 15, and 16 represent another mode, herein-beford
mentioned, of applying small locks, according to the last-mentioned part of my
improvements, to retain a moveable filling-up plug 31, or stopper, within the
cell or cavity of a piece 10, in order to stop up the entrance to the cavity.
For this purpose the plate 31 has a lock 14 within the hollow of its box 8,
precisely the same as before described respecting Figures 9, 10, and 11,
excepting that the box s, s, of the filling-up plate 31, has no connection with
the turning plate r, r, of the axis 20, Figure 9; but the said box s, s, and
plate 31, and the lock 14, only act as a stopper or plug for filling up the
cavity in the piece 10, and when inserted therein, and secured by shooting out
the two bolts 15 and 16, by their key 17, the said stopper or plug cannot be
withdrawn. But when the said bolts are unlocked, the said stopper or plug is
easily removed from the cavity, and then a turning handle, like X, Figure 12,
may be introduced therein, and its stump pins x, x, inserted into two suitable
holes in the plate r, r, as is shewn in Figure 17, for the purpose of turning
the same, in order to bolt or unbolt the several internal bolts 23, 27, by which
the door is to be secured. w, w, Figures 14 and 16, are small prominences
at opposite sides of the filling-up plate 31, adapted to enter into corresponding
notches in the interior of the circular cavity in the piece 10, in order to guide
the filling-up plate 31 into its intended place for the bolts 15 and 16 to be
shot into their bolt holes. And note, the last-described mode of applying small
locks, Figures 14, 15, and 16, for retaining a filling-up picce 31, as well as
the first-described mode, Figures 5, 6, and 7, for retaining a trap door 11,
may be applied to secure such strong doors as are already provided with
ordinary locks of sufficient strength, but of questionable security, with large
keys for shooting the bolts by which the strong door is fastened, in which case
the ordinary keyhole for such large key being included within the cell or
cavity of the piece 10, and all entrance into the said cell being made secure by
small locks applied according to the last-mentioned part of my improvements,
the ordinary keyhole will be rendered inaccessible to picklocks or false keys
or violence applied at the large keyhole, and the large ordinary key will be
merely a substitute for the turning handle X, without dependance upon the
wards and tumblers of the large lock to which the large key belongs.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Chubb, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-five.
CHARLES (L.S.) CHUBB.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1835, the aforesaid Charles Chubb came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifica-
tion aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-five.