AN IMPROVED REPARATION OF FOOD FOR CATTLE AND HORSES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fawcett, late of Kingston-upon-Hull, in the
County of the same Town, Merchant, but now of the firm of Thomas
Retigan and Company, of Manchester, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
REPARATION OF FOOD FOR CATTLE AND HORSES."
Sealed the 5th August 1859, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor,
and dated the 18th January 1850
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fawcett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th January 1859.
I, JOHN FAWCETT, of Kingston-upon-Hull, in the County of same Town,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OF FOOD FOR CATTLE AND HORSES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention of an improved preparation of food for cattle and horses
relates to the preparation of certain nutritious vegetable substances in the form
of cake. One of the principal ingredients is the meal produced by grinding
the locust pod and bean as imported into this country. The bean is exceed-

page_text: ingly hard, and heretofore has been considered nearly useless, although I find
it contains a large amount of nutriment.
In carrying out my Invention, the bean is to be separated from the pod
by a mechanical operation, after which both it and the pod are to be
reduced, either by mechanical or chemical means, or both, into a fine state of
division, so as to become capable of forming with any suitable liquid, a mucila-
ginous mixture, to which may be added other farinaceous or nutritive meals.
Any British or foreign vegetable produce consisting either of roots, bulbs, seeds,
grains, meals, moss, or parts thereof, may also be mixed with the above. Into
this prepared food may be introduced any British or foreign herb, root, seed,
grain, or bark or parts thereof possessing aromatic, bitter, carminative or other
useful properties. When the above ingredients are well mixed and brought
to a proper consistence to admit of being pressed or formed into a cake, the
preparation so made will be found to be a very rich and nutritive aliment,
which will conduce to the animal's health, and supply the growing structure
for laying on of flesh and fat, and thus provide a mixed food in accordance
with the views of well informed agriculturists, and the most eminent chemists
who have written upon agricultural subjects. By forming the preparation into
cakes resembling oil cake, there will be no necessity for any subsequent pre-
paration of the food, which may be given to the animals in the same way as
oil cake is now supplied.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said John Fawcett in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th August 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
FAWCETT, late of Kingston-upon-Hull, in the County of the same Town,
Merchant, but now of the firm of Thomas Retigan and Company, of Man-
chester, send greeting.
of
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me
the said John Fawcett, Her special license that I, the said John
Fawcett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Fawcett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should' at

page_text: any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED PREPARATION OF FOOD FOR CATTLE AND HORSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the .said John Fawcett, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within seven
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Fawcett, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My Invention of "An Improved Preparation of Food for Cattle and
Horses," which I intend to denominate "the royal patent cake for cattle,"
relates to the preparation of certain nutritious vegetable substances, in the
form of cake. One of the principal ingredients which I intend to use in the
preparation of my improved food for cattle and horses, is the meal produced
by grinding the locust pod and bean, as imported into this country. The bean
is exceedingly hard; and heretofore has been considered nearly valueless, as;
although it contains a large amount of nutriment, it is so exceedingly hard
that in its natural state it is impossible for the animals to crush it with their.
teeth.
In carrying out my Invention, this bean is to be separated from the pod 'by.
hand or by any convenient mechanical operation, after which both the bean
and the pod are to be reduced into a state of fine division, either by mechanical
or chemical means, such as by grinding or steeping, or both these operations
combined. The meal or farinaceous matter thus produced will be capable of
forming with any suitable liquid a mucilaginous mixture, to which may be
added any other farinaceous or nutritive meals, such as ground rice, indian
corn, or coarse wheat meal, bean and pea meal, or linseed meal. Any British
or foreign vegetable produce, consisting either of roots, bulbs, seeds, grains,
meals, moss, or parts thereof may also be mixed with the above.
The ingredients of which the improved cattle food is intended to be com-
posed may be mixed in various proportions, according to circumstances, such
as the purpose for which the improved food is to be employed (whether for

page_text: cattle, horses, or sheep), and the relative cost of the various ingredients. A
useful compound for general. purposes may be composed of from twelve to
fifteen parts of the ground locust pod, separated from the bean, and from two
to three parts of the bean, either ground to a fine meal or steeped, or, otherwise
chemically prepared, so as to soften it and admit of it being mixed and.
intimately blended with the other ingredients. To the above are to be added
four parts of each of the following substances (namely), maize or indian corn,
flour or meal, Egyptian, French, German, or.English bean meal, English or
foreign linseed, or ground linseed meal, or the products of other oil seeds,.
coarse wheaten or other corn meal, and one part of prepared cichorium intubus.
All the materials employed in the preparation of the improved food should be
in a finely divided state, so that when intimately mixed, with the addition of a
suitable quantity of water or other liquid; they may form a homogeneous mass.
It will sometimes be found convenient to form one of the farinaceous
ingredients, such as the wheat or indian corn meal, into a paste by steaming
or boiling the same in water or some other suitable liquid, and then adding
the other ingredients, gradually keeping the whole mass well stirred during
the operation. Or, a thick mucilage may be produced by boiling some kinds
of moss or lichen in water, as is well known, and then adding the other
ingredients thereto. In combination with the other materials above mentioned
any British or foreign herb, root, seed, grain, bark, moss, or lichen, or parts
thereof, possessing aromatic, bitter, carminative, or other useful medicinal or
nutritive properties may be employed. When the above mentioned ingredients
are well mixed, and by the admixture of some liquid or semi-fluid substance
are brought to a proper consistence to admit of being pressed or formed into a
solid mass, they are submitted to such a pressure as will cause the ingredients
to hold together and assume the form of a cake. The preparation so made
will be found to be a very rich and nutritive aliment which will conduce to
the animal's health and supply the growing structure for laying on of flesh
and fat, and thus a mixed food is produced in accordance with the views of
well informed agriculturists and the most eminent chemists who have written
upon agricultural subjects.
By forming the preparation into cakes, resembling oil cake, there will be
no necessity for any subsequent preparation of the food, which may be given
to the animals in the same way as oil cake is now supplied, thereby saving
much trouble and time.
.
Having now described my Invention of "An Improved Preparation of Food
for Cattle and Horses," and having explained the manner of carrying the same

page_text: into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as afore-
said, the mode herein described of preparing food for cattle and horses. I
claim particularly the use of the locust pod and bean, in combination with
other suitable farinaceous substances, and the preparation of the combined
ingredients in the form of cake, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fawcett, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
JOHN FAWCETT. (L.S.)