An Improved Appliance for Preventing Waste and Ensuring Oleanliness in the Consumption of Candles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 28th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 31st Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Appliance for Preventing Waste and Ensuring
Oleanliness in the Consumption of Candles.
I WILLIAM DAVID HAWKSEY of No. 6 St. John Street, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Signwriter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My said invention relates to an improved appliance for use in the burning of
candles whereby waste is prevented and greater cleanliness in the candle and
candle stick is obtained. As is well known in burning candles the melted material
of the candle is apt to overflow at the wick and run down the side of the candle
thereby entailing great waste besides spoiling the appearance of the candle and
candlestick. I obviate this defect by placing an appliance at the top of the candle
which prevents all overflow of the melted material and also travels down with the
candle as it is consumed so that it requires no attention or adjustment. The
appliance consists of a ring shaped shield constituting a ferrule of a suitable depth
and accurately fitting the candle at its upper end, while the lower end is slightly
enlarged and splayed outwards. At the upper end of the said ferrule I apply a
cup shaped border or flange entirely surrounding the top of the candle and con-
fining the melted material at the foot of the wick. Thus the melted material is
never allowed to overflow and as the candle is consumed the appliance keeps
slipping down but always preserving its proper position relatively to the light.
The depth of the ferrule surrounding the candle prevents the appliance from
canting to one side and maintains its perpendicularity.
The upper part of the ferrule where it embraces the candle might be lined with
asbestos to prevent the appliance from becoming too hot.
The construction of the appliance might be modified so long as a guard is used
to prevent overflow of the melted material and capable of slipping down as the
candle is consumed in the manner described.
Dated this 27th day of January 1891.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Appliance for Preventing Waste and Ensuring
Cleanliness in the Consumption of Candles..
I WILLIAM DAVID HAWKSEY of No. 6 St. John Street, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Signwriter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings :
--
My said invention relates to an improved appliance for use in the burning of
candles whereby waste is prevented and greater cleanliness in the candle and
candlestick is obtained. As is well known in burning candles the melted material
of the candle is apt to overflow at the wick and to run down the candle thereby
entailing great waste besides spoiling the appearance of the candle and candlestick.
I obviate this defect by placing an appliance at the top of the candle which prevents
all overflow of the melted material and also travels down with the candle as it is
consumed so that it requires no attention or adjustment. The appliance.consists of
a ring shaped shield preferably made of thin metal and constituting a ferrule of a
suitable depth and accurately fitting the candle at its upper end, while the lower
077

page_text: end is slightly enlarged and splayed outwards. At the upper end of the said
ferrule I apply a cup shaped border or flange entirely surrounding the top of the
candle and confining the melted material at the foot of the wick.
Thus the melted material is never allowed to overflow and as the candle is
consumed, the appliance maintains its proper position relative to the light.
The formation of the said appliance and the method of using the same will be
better understood when reference is had to the accompanying drawings wherein.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an appliance formed in accordance with my invention,
Fig. 2 illustrating the same appliance in position upon a candle.
In Fig. 1 a b is a part which prevents the overflow of melted matter and c is an
outer shell which serves to steady the part a band may be adapted to add to the
ornamental effect of the appliance. In the example the part ab is formed in one
piece and in the process of manufacture is attached to the part c by means of a lap
joint at d or by suitable means. I have liowever in some cases made the whole in
one piece but I find it more convenient to adopt the method shown and described.
The parts are made of thin sheet brass nickel or other suitable metal or alloy by
stamping pressing or spinning. The part a is of conical formation as clearly shown
in the drawing the diameter of the small end where the part joins the part 6 being
very slightly less than the outer diameter of the candle so that the appliance is
sustained at the upper end of the candle or otherwise described the said part is
made a tight fit upon the candle so that it would not slide down upon the candle
by its own weight. The bottom end of the core is made large enough to clear the
candle.
In Fig. 1 the dotted lines e indicate the diameter of the candle. The opening in
the lower part of c also clears the candle. The part is dished or cupped so that
its outer margin at d stands higher than the surface of melted matter and such
matter is thus prevented from overflowing. The part c may be made of any
suitable form and be suitably rendered ornamental according to the taste and
desires of the manufacturer.
It will be understood that the appliance would be made of various sizes to suit
different sizes of candles.
I am aware that appliances intended to serve the same purpose have been made
of a heavy material such as earthenware but the excessive weight of appliances so
made and their capacity for retaining heat have prevented them from coming into
general use. The part a when stamped in dies can be made more accurate in
dimensions than would be the case if made of earthenware and this is important for
the reason that the efficiency of the appliance depends greatly upon the accurate
proportionment of this part relatively to the diameter of the candle.
I do not however confine myself to the making of the appliance of sheet metal so
long as the form of the part ab is retained.
"Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1) The appliance formed constructed and adapted to be used substantially as
and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the
accompanying drawings.
2). The combined cup and cone a b of the form substantially as indicated in the
drawings for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 26th day of November 1892.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.