An Improved Process for Polishing Wood, Marble, Metal, and other Substances, and Machinery connected therewith.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 21st Apr., 1899-Accepted, 21st July, 1899
και να Αμμωναζευε στο ναry, 1930
Complete Specification Left, 21st Apr., 1899-Accepted, 21st July, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for Polishing Wood, Marble, Metal, and other
Substances, and Machinery connected therewith.
I, JOHN POLLOCK, of Grangevale, Beith, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to an improved process for rubbing, smoothing, and
polishing wood, marble, metal, and other substances, and has for its object the
attainment of such by machinery acting automatically or by hand feed.
The machinery to carry out this process is so devised as to act upon flat, round,
irregular or other shaped surfaces, including mouldings, and is capable of polish-
ing simultaneously a number of pieces of wood, marble, metal, or other substances,
producing a brilliant surface.
The machinery required to carry out this process is constructed in three main
parts:viz.
(A) An appliance whereby the polish or varnish is forced by compressed air
into the surface of the wood or other substance to be operated upon.
(B) An appliance upon which is fixed the articles to be rubbed and polished
by rubbers or pads of felt or other suitable material, to which is automatically
applied ground glass, fine sand, pumice stone, rotten stone, putty-powders, or other
suitable substances. These rubbers or pads move rapidly reciprocally, whilst the table
carrying the articles under operation moves in a transverse direction also recipro-
cally.
(C) An appliance on or stand which is fixed horizontal and vertical rollers and
discs which are covered with felt or other suitable material, and to which by a
suitable arrangement is automatically applied ground glass, fine sand, pumice
stone, rotten stone, putty-powders or other suitable substances. This method
renders the process applicable to flat, round, irregular, or moulded surfaces.
For smoothing wood previous to applying the polish or varnish glass paper
is used on the pads or rubbers.
All the parts of this process are geared to work automatically or by hand.

page_text: An Improved Process for Polishing Wood, Marble, Metal, and other
Substances, and Machinery connected therewith.
I, JOHN POLLOCK, of Grangevale, Beith, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Cabinet Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: --
The invention relates to an improved process for rubbing, smoothing, and
polishing wood, marble, metal, and other substances, and has for its object the
attainment of such by machinery acting automatically or by hand feed.
The machinery to carry out this process is so devised as to act upon flat, round,
irregular or other shaped surfaces, including mouldings, and is capable of polish-
ing one piece or a number of pieces of wood, marble, metal, or other substances,
simultaneously, producing a brilliant surface.
The machinery required to carry out this process is constructed in three main
parts, viz.:
(A) An appliance on the principle of the vapour spraying machine, whereby
the polish or varnish, which is contained in a vessel, is forced by compressed air
through a flexible tube with a suitable nozzle thereby spreading it into the surface
of the wood or other substance to be operated upon, or by a revolving brush,
or by felt covered rollers, which are fed with the polish or varnish from tanks
adjusted to the flow required and acts on the principle adopted in painting and
varnishing floorcloth, wall paper, and such like.
(B) An appliance upon which is fixed, after having been well coated with
polish or varnish or otherwise prepared, one or more. articles to be rubbed and
polished by rubbers or pads of felt, or brushes or other suitable material, to
which is applied by small tanks over the rubbers with suitable taps to adjust
the flow, more or less moistened with water or oil, ground glass, fine sand, pumice
stone, rotten stone, putty-powders, or other suitable substances. These rubbers
or pads move rapidly reciprocally, whilst the table carrying the articles under
operation moves in a transverse direction also reciprocally.
(C) An appliance which can be wrought automatically or by hand, consisting
of a table on which is fixed horizontal and vertical rollers and discs which are
covered with felt or brushes or other suitable material, and to which is applied
in a manner similar to that already described under B and in a more or less
moist state, ground glass, fine sand, pumice stone, rotten stone, putty-powders,
or other suitable substances. The discs render the process applicable to the
smaller flat surfaces, and the vertical and horizontal rollers are applicable for
irregular shapes and mouldings.
For smoothing the wood previous to applying the polish or varnish, glass
paper is used on the discs, pads and horizontal and vertical rollers.
All the parts of this apparatus are geared to work automatically or by hand.
In order that my invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect I have hereunto appended two sheets of drawings, of which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention used in the
process of polishing wood, and other substances.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same,
Figure 3 is an end view.

page_text: Figure 4 is a perspective view of the rubbers or pads employed in the polishing
operation.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a machine illustrating a method of circular
and rotary driven polishing device, and
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a part machine illustrating an eccentrically
driven polishing device, all hereafter more fully described.
Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, the rocking bar A, which receives its motion
by means of a slotted crank disc B, from a main driving shaft C imparts the
rectilinear motion to the polishing pads, which are more fully referred to here-
after.
The said driving shaft C further communicates motion to a short transverse
shaft D, which is mounted with a worm E, which gears with a tooth wheel F
in order to impart motion to the longitudinal shaft G. The shaft G by means
of a slotted crank disc H and connecting rod I imparts to the table the necessary
lateral periodic reciprocatory movement so that the panels of wood, or other
material under treatment, which are clamped to the table, having a larger
area than the breadth of the surface of the rubbers or pads K, shall receive a
uniform treatment.
The rubbers or pads K, which are shown more particularly in Figure 4, are
formed of three suitable pieces or spars of flexible hard wood k, k, l, with other
three similar pieces k³, k, k³, bolted or otherwise secured lapwise by bolts to the
before-mentioned pieces. Upon the underside of the aforesaid pieces or spars
of wood k, k¹, k², are secured rectangularly formed sections of felt or brushes or
other suitable material L, L', which constitute rubbing or polishing surfaces.
The felt rubbers or pads L, L', are secured to the flexible spars or pieces of hard
wood by screw studs or bolts 1, which also secure the weights, which are em-
ployed to exert the necessary pressure required in the polishing operation. The
spar or piece terminates with an extension to which a hook or other device
is mounted for lifting the rubbers or pads from off the panels when desired.
The inner ends of the rubbers or pads are bolted to a block M which is
journalled to receive the transverse bar or shaft N, which is formed in one piece
with the connecting rod N¹ and receives its motion from the rocking bar A as
previously referred to.
The platform O with its tables 01 whereon the polishing is effected is supported
on four anti-frictional rollers or pulleys o, which facilitate its lateral reciproca-
tory movement. When large pieces are to be polished the tables O¹ on top of
platform O being portable are removed.
By virtue of the slot in the crank discs B and H the reciprocal motion of the
rocking bar A and connecting rods N¹ and I can be adjusted so as to suit the
various articles to be treated.
Referring to Figure 5, which illustrates the mechanical appliance, I use for
polishing flat surfaces, irregular shapes, and mouldings.
The horizontal disc P, which is designed for polishing large and very small
pieces is mounted in suitable bearings on the vertical shaft 2, which has a
pulley p, and by means of a belt or equivalent gearing high speed rotary
motion is communicated to it.
Upon another part of the table wherein works the said disc P is a vertical
roller Q, which is employed for polishing round, irregular and moulded surfaces.
The vertical roller Q also receives its motion from a pulley y and belt gearing q¹.
Both horizontal disc P and vertical roller Q are mounted on rising and falling
spindles and the work effected by those mechanical means is treated in the same
way as by the appliance illustrated in Figure 1 and 2.
In lieu of driving the disc P from below it may be driven from above as
illustrated in Figure 6, or by a flexible shaft; and in lieu of imparting to it
a circular motion, it would have an eccentric or orbital motion as also shown
in the last mentioned figure.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
1. The mechanical appliance on which the wood, or other material is fixed
after being sufficiently coated with polish or varnish and rubbed by pads fed
with fine cutting powders until a bright lustrous surface results therefrom, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying sheets
of drawings.
2. The mechanical appliance of felt covered discs, brushes, and rollers, which
after the wood or other material has been sufficiently coated with polish or
varnish, by their quick rotary motion fed by fine cutting powders, a fine lustrous
surface is speedily produced, substantially as herein before described and illus-
trated on the accompanying sheets of drawings.
3. The whole process for polishing wood, or other material, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Dated this 20th day of April 1899
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Patent Agents..