IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND SHEARING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Cherry, of Handsworth, in the County of
Stafford, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PUNCHING AND SHEARING MACHINES."
}
Sealed the 6th December 1872, and dated the 17th July 1872.
·PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Cherry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th July 1872.
I, HENRY CHERRY, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND SHEARING MACHINES," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging the parts of
the said punching and shearing machines substantially as herein-after
described....
A lever actuated by a screw works upon a fulcrum turning in the
body or frame of the machine. The short arm of the lever acts upon a

page_text: -
slide or plunger to which the punch or die or shear blade is attached.
The screw acting on the lever passes through a long screw box situated
in the forked end of the long arm of the lever, and jointed thereto. by
means of trunnions. The lower end of the screw is connected to the
frame of the machine by a connection which permits it to rotate, and
also to have the required vibratory motion. The upper end of the screw
is provided with a cross arm for working it, the ends of which arm are
turned up at right angles; or the screw may be worked by a ratchet
lever or wheel, or driven by a belt by steam or other power. Where
great power is required in the machine a compound lever may be used
in place of a single one.
'
In punching machines the plunger in which the punch is fixed works
in a guide in the frame of the machine, the other end of the plunger
being acted upon by the short arm of the lever The upper end of the
plunger is connected with the short arm of the lever by means of a box
ór frame fixed on the top of the plunger, in which box or frame the
short arm of the lever is situated. The said box or frame works between
guides on the frame or bed of the machine. The under or acting face of
the short arm of the lever is of a cylindrical figure, and a moveable
bearing of a concavity to fit the acting end of the lever is situated in the
box or frame carried by the plunger. The pressure transmitted from
the lever is thus distributed over a large surface, and the bearing
described can be replaced without difficulty when worn.
The upward
pressure of the fulcrum of the lever is similarly borne by a moveable
bearing piece situated between the upper surface of the fulcrum of the
lever and a strong cross piece in the head of the machine. The said
upper surface of the fulcrum of the lever is of a cylindrical figure, and
the under surface of the bearing piece against which it works is made
concave.
In shearing machines the parts, are arranged substantially as herein-
before described with respect to punching machines; but I construct
the slide and frame of the machine so that they may be provided with
two or more pairs of moving and fixed blades, the distance between the
blades of one pair being different from that between the blades of the
other pair. The machine is thereby fitted to shear bars and plates of
various dimensions with a limited range of motion in the slide carrying
the moveable shear blades. A single pair of shear blades may; however,
be used instead of the two pairs described, and the machine may be
·

page_text: accommodated to shear bars and plates of different thicknesses, by
adjusting the moveable blade in the slide carrying it by means of a
screw..
SPECIFICATION. in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patcut,
filed by the said Henry Cherry in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th January 1873:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY'
CHERRY, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer,
send greeting.
*:
year of
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of July, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-.
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give:
and grant unto me, the said Henry Cherry, Her special license that
I; the said Henry Cherry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or.
such others as. I, the said Henry Cherry, my executors, administrators,..
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, froin, time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,..
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the,
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND SHEARING
MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry
Cherry, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing.
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months. next and.
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Cherry, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging the parts of
the said punching and shearing machines substantially as herein-after
described.
:

page_text: A lever actuated by a screw works upon a fulcrum túrning in the
body or frame of the machine. The short arm of the lever acts upon a
slide or plunger to which the punch or die or shear blade is attached..
The screw acting on the lever passes through a long screw box situated
in the forked end of the long arm of the lever and jointed thereto by
means of trunnions. The lower end of the screw is connected to the
frame of the machine by a connection which permits it to rotate, and
also to have the required vibratory motion. The upper end of the screw
is provided with a cross arm for working it, the ends of which arm are
turned up at right angles. Or the screw may be worked by a ratchet
lever or wheel or driven by a belt by steam or other power. Where
great power is required in the machine a compound lever may be used
in place of a single one.
In punching machines the plunger in which the punch is fixed works
in a guide in the frame of the machine, the upper end of the plunger
being acted upon by the short arm of the lever. The upper end of the
plunger is connected with the short arm of the lever by. means of a box
or frame fixed on the top of the plunger, in which box or frame the
short arm of the lever is situated. The said box or frame works between
guides on the frame or bed of the machine. The under or acting face
of the short arm of the lever is of a cylindrical figure, and a moveable
bearing of a concavity to fit the acting end of the lever is situated in the
box or frame carried by the plunger. The pressure transmitted from
the lever is thus distributed over a large surface and the bearing
described can be replaced without difficulty when worn. The upward
pressure of the fulcrum of the lever is similarly borne by a moveable
bearing piece situated between the upper surface of the fulcrum of the
lever and a strong cross piece in the head of the machine. The said
upper surface of the fulcrum of the lever is of a cylindrical figure, and
the under surface of the bearing piece against which it works is made
concave.
In shearing machines the parts are arranged substantially as herein-
before described with respect to punching machines, but I construct
the slide and frame of the machine so that they may be provided with
two or more pairs of moving and fixed blades, the distance between
the blades of one pair being different from that between the blades
of the other pair. The machine is thereby fitted to shear -bars-and
plates of various dimensions with a limited range of motion in the
ก

page_text: slide carrying the moveable shear blades. A single pair of shear blades
may however be used instead of the two pairs described, and the machine.
may be accommodated to shear bars and plates of different thicknesses by
adjusting the moveable blade in the slide carrying it by means of a screw.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1. represents in front elevation, and Figure 2 in longitudinal
vertical section a punching machine containing my improvements.
•
+
a, a, is the lever by which the motion of the slide or plunger 6 is.
effected, the said lever turning on the centre c; d is a long screw box
situated in the forked end at of the long arm a of the lever and turning's
on trunnions e working in the said long arm; f is a screw working in
the screw box d. The lower end of this screw f is connected with the .
bed or frame g of the machine by means of the cylindrical rocking piece h,
in a hole in which rocking piece the bottom of the screw fis engaged by
the pin i taking into the annular groove k. By this arrangement the
screw is capable of rotating, its lower end is secured to the bed or ..
frame g and the screw at the same time permitted to vibrate with the
rocking picce h. The frame or bed is cut away as represented at g² to
permit of the vibratory motion of the screw f. A cross arm is fixed on
the
upper end of the screw f for giving motion to the said screw,
which cross arm may be worked by hand, or by steam or other power.
In place of a single lever a,. a², as represented in the Drawing a
compound lever may be employed where great power is required. The:
plunger or slide b carrying the punch m works in a guide in the frame..
of the machine. On the top of the plunger 6 is a box 62 in which the..
short or acting arm a² of the actuating-lever a, a², engages, the said short
arm being situated between the moveable bearing pieces n, o. The said .
box 6 works between the side guides of the frame of the machinë..
The under or acting surface of the short arm a² of the lever is cylindrical
in figure, and the upper face of the moveable bearing piece n in which it
works is of a concavity suitable to fit the cylindrical surface of the said
arm of the lever. The upper pressure of the fulcrum of the lever is.
borne by the moveable bearing piece o situated between the cylindrical.
upper surface a³ of the lever and the strong cross piece. p in the head of
the machine. The surface a is cylindrical about the axis.or fülcrum c,
"
:

page_text: and the under side of the moveable bearing piece o against which it
works is of a corresponding concave figure. When the bearing pieces n
and o
The
are worn, they may be readily replaced by fresh ones.
manner in which the short arm a² of the lever a, a², on the raising of the
long arm a, by the travelling of the screw box d upon the screw carries
down the slide or plunger 6 and causes the punching to be effected
between the moveable and fixed punching tools m, m², will be understood..
by an examination of the.Drawing as well as the manner in which the
pressure of the short acting end of the lever is distributed over the
moveable bearing pieces n and o.
In applying my improvements to shearing machines in place of the
punch ma moveable shearing blade is fixed to the plunger b, and in
place of the lower fixed punching tool m² a fixed shearing blade is
employed. The slide band the bed in which the fixed shearing blade
is secured are made so that two or more pairs of moveable and fixed
shearing blades may be fixed at different distances apart. Or a single
pair of shearing blades may be used, the upper blade being connected.
with the slide 6 by means of a screw, by which its distance from the
fixed blade may be adjusted. The improvements, however, herein-before
described with reference to the punching machine represented may be
used in a shearing machine in which the moveable and fixed shearing
blades are constructed and fixed in the ordinary way.
i
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illus-
trated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of my Invention; but I claim as my Invention of improvements in.
punching and shearing machines,―
Firstly. The construction and arrangement of parts herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing for actuating.
the single and compound levers of punching and shearing machines,
that is to say, by means of a screw capable of a vibratory motion and
working in a screw box carried by a fork at the end of the long arm of
the said actuating lever, substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. Constructing the acting ends of the levers of punching and
shearing machines actuated by screws substantially as described, and.

page_text: illustrated, and combining with the said levers moveable bearing pieces
for receiving and distributing the pressure of the acting ends of the
ievers and for receiving and distributing the pressure on the fulcra of
the levers, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing
levers and for receiving and distributing the pressure on the fulcra of
the levers, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Cherry, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Cherry, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
HENRY CHERRY. (L.S.)