Improvements in means for Conducting or Guiding Fabrics when under Treatment in Bleaching and like Processes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Aug,, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 21st May, 1900-Accepted, 21st July, 1900
Date of Application, 41st Aug,, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 21st May, 1900-Accepted, 21st July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in means for Conducting or Guiding Fabrics when
under Treatment in Bleaching and like Processes.
We, FRANK ARTHUR BOYES, Managing Director of the Firm of J. Marsden
and Company, Limited, of Burnden Bleach Works, Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Bleachers and Finishers, and Joux MILES, of Shiffnall Street, Bolton,
aforesaid, India-rubber and Steam Packing Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say:
In carrying out the process of bleaching and like treatments to which fabrics,
as calico and cloth have to be subjected in order to prepare them for use or to
bring them into marketable condition, it is necessary to move them from the
actions of one liquid to the treatment of other liquids and to effect this removal,
rotary pulleys, rollers, revolving stretchers, guiding eyes, scrimp rails and other
guiding devices are employed for the said fabrics to pass over in moving, from
one part to another.
Heretofore these pulleys, guiding eyes etc., have been formed either of metal
or porcelain or like brittle substance with the result that such metal
apt from
time to time by reason of its corrosion to discolour said fabrics, while the porce-
lain or other brittle substance, on account of the many variations in tempera-
ture to which it is subjected, is very liable to fracture and so damage the
fabrics by cutting them.
To obviate these defects and produce means whereby the several processes,
including those wherein acids as well as heated liquors are employed, may be
uninterruptedly and effectively carried out, is the object of this invention. To
attain this object the peripheral surfaces of the pulleys and carrying rollers
over which the fabrics have to pass are covered with vulcanite, ebonite, pre-
pared rubber or a compound of gutta-percha which is moulded thereon or
secured thereto by having suitable openings and projections formed on it to
mesh or fit correspondingly formed openings and projections formed on the
central or hub part of said pulleys and rollers, thus a pulley or roller is pro-
duced which is strong enough to be keyed to its shaft while its peripheral surface
is made to withstand the actions of the substances brought into contact with it,
and any wear or deterioration in said surface is even and regular so as not to
damage the fabrics passing over same.
Respecting revolving stretchers the covering of vulcanite is placed over those
parts which are to be metal same as has the central shaft, so that the corrosive
actions of the several liquids are prevented from taking effect on such metal
parts thus the corrosive matter and attendant dirt or foreign substances are
prevented from falling or being forced or brought into contact with the fabrics
under treatment.
The scrimp rails, eyes and other guiding surfaces are also covered with the
same class of substance as above described, its position thereon being secured
by recesses and projections which enable it to withstand any of the forces which
might otherwise dislodge it

page_text: In certain cases it may be possible to produce the greater part or all of the
guiding pieces entirely of ebonite etc., by making them fit the parts to which
they have to be attached in such a manner as to render this attachment firm
and secure.
1
.
Improvements in means for Conducting or Guiding Fabrics when
under Treatment in Bleaching and like Processes.
We, FRANK ARTHUR BOYES, Managing Director of the Firm of J. Marsden
and Company, Limited, of Burnden Bleach Works, Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Bleachers and Finishers, and JoHN MILES, of Shiffnall Street, Bolton,
aforesaid, India-rubber and Steam Packing Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that
is to say:
In carrying out the processes of bleaching and like treatments to which
fabrics as calico and cloth have to be subjected in order to prepare them for
use or to bring them into marketable condition, it is necessary to remove them
from the actions of one liquid to the treatment of other liquids and to effect
this removal rotary pulleys, rollers, revolving stretchers, guiding eyes, scrimp
rails and other guiding devices are employed for the said fabrics to pass over
in moving from one part to another.
Heretofore these pulleys, guiding eyes etc.; have been formed either of metal
porcelain or the like brittle substance with the result that such metal is apt from
time to time by reason of its corrosion to discolour said fabrics, while the porce-
lain or other brittle substance on account of the many variations in tempera-
ture to which it is subjected, is very liable to fracture and so damage the
fabrics by cutting them.
To obviate these defects and produce means whereby the several processes
including those wherein acids as well as heated liquors are employed, may be
uninterruptedly and effectively carried out, is the object of this invention."
In order that our invention may be readily understood, we have hereunto
appended sheets of drawings illustrative thereof, to which, by figures and letters,
reference is made in the following description.
Figs. 1 and 2 represent a side elevation and transverse sectional elevation
respectively, of a carrier pulley mounted on its shaft and constructed in accord-
ance with our invention.
$
Figs. 3 and 4 represent front and end elevations respectively of a guiding
eye and its bearings hereinafter described.
Fig. 5 represents a section of said "guiding eye."
Figs. 6 and 7 represent a sectional end elevation and part sectional plan
respectively of a portion of a washing machine used in the process of bleaching
fabrics having our improvements applied thereto.
Fig. 8 is a detail drawing hereinafter referred to.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent sectional end and front elevations respectively of a
"mangle" used in the process of bleaching fabrics, to parts of which our
invention is applicable.
Figs. 11 and 12 represent part sectional end and front elevations of a portion

page_text: of a calendering machine, in connection with which are employed a revolving
stretcher and scrimp rails" hereinafter described.
Figs. 13 and 14 are detail drawings hereinafter referred to.
Fig. 15 represents a sectional end elevation of a portion of a different class
of mangle to that illustrated by Figs. 9 and 10, and shows our improved
scrimp rails mounted in position thereon.
Similar letters and figures of reference indicate similar parts throughout the
several views.
To attain the object of our said invention we form the peripheral surfaces or
outer parts of the pulleys a (which are mounted on their shafts b arranged
in any suitable positions in the rooms or works in which the bleaching or other
operations are being carried out as may be required for the guiding or con-
ducting of the fabrics under treatment) with vulcanite, ebonite,, prepared
rubber or a compound of gutta-percha which is moulded thereon or secured
thereto by having suitable openings and projections formed on them to
meet with correspondingly formed openings and projections formed on the
central or hub parts a² of said pulleys a, thus a pulley is produced which is
strong enough to be keyed to its shaft b, while its peripheral surface is made
to withstand the actions of the substances brought into contact with it and any
wear or deterioration of said surface is even and regular so as not to damage
the fabrics passing over same. If desired instead of fixing said outer parts a¹
to the hub parts a² as above described they may be formed of a suitable shape
and bolted thereto.
It will readily be seen that the hereinbefore described method of construction
of the pulleys
a may be applied with equal facility and advantage to any of the
other classes or shapes of pulleys or rollers that may be used for guiding or
conducting the fabrics under treatment from one place to another.
The guiding eyes e which are mounted in suitable positions in proximity with
the beams by means of the bolts f¹ (see Figs. 3 and 4) or to other parts of
the ceilings or walls of the rooms or works in which the bleaching or other
operations are being carried out for the fabrics under treatment to pass through
to be guided in their passage from one place to another in the well known
manner, are also constructed of vulcanite, ebonite or other similar material and
these may be formed solid or may have an inner part for contact with the fabrics
passing therethrough of vulcanite, ebonite or the like and an outer part of metal,
the said inner part being fixed to the outer part by means similar to those
hereinbefore described with reference to the carrier pulley a. These guiding
eyes e are also employed in connection with washing and similar machines used
in the above named processes, one of such guiding eyes e being illustrated in
position in its bearings by Figs. 6 and 7.
In washing and mangling machines such as are illustrated respectively by
Figs. 6 and 7, and 9 and 10, pegs or projections mounted on the cross bars g
are made use of for the purpose of guiding the fabrics in their passage around
and between the rollers h, h¹ and k, k'. These pegs we form to have their
outer surfaces g of vulcanite, ebonite or similar substance and this may he
moulded over and fixed to a metal core g² by means of the projections g³ and
indents (see Fig. 8).
Respecting the revolving stretchers which are mounted in proximity with
the rollers m of calendering machines as shown by Figs. 11 and 12, we form
the outer surfaces a¹ of the sections n of the revolving stretchers of vulcanite,
ebonite or other similar material and this outer surface of vulcanite or ebonite n¹
we preferably fix to the body part n by means of projections and indents as
shown by detail drawing Fig. 14. We also cover the shafts of said revolving
stretchers with a layer of vulcanite, ebonite or the like, o¹.
Further we form the scrimp rails which are also employed in connection
with said calendering machines, as well as in mangles of the class illustrated
by Fig. 15 for the passage over them of the fabrics, under treatment, to have

page_text: an outer covering 21 of vulcanite, ebonite or the like, this being fixed to the
body part by indents and projections (see Fig. 13) as is the case with the
various parts hereinbefore described. Or we may form these said scrimp rails ?
of solid vulcanite or ebonite.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that the surfaces of the various
parts of the different classes of machines used in the processes of bleaching or
the like, which are in an ordinary way deleteriously acted upon by the solu-
tions or liquors with which the fabrics under treatment are saturated when
passing over such surfaces are rendered far less liable to be damaged than is
the case when such parts are constructed as heretofore, while by fixing the
vulcanite or like parts to the metal parts by the means herein before described
they are enabled to withstand any of the forces which might otherwise dislodge
them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. Guiding pieces having their guiding surfaces prepared and constructed
substantially as herein specified.
2. In machinery and apparatus of the class described, guiding pieces having
their surfaces constructed and prepared substantially as herein set forth and as
illustrated by the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Dated this 19th day of Mar 1900.
SAMUEL HEY,
Agent for Applicants.