1.Improvements in and connected with Furnaces and the Feeding of Fuel thereto.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1899 -Accepted, 12th Aug., 1899
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
1.Improvements in and connected with Furnaces and the Feeding
of Fuel thereto.
1.
..
I, JOHN EBENEZER BOUSFIELD, of the Firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., The General
Patent. Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this. invention (a communication to me
by The Ideal Fuel Feeder Company, of New York, in the United States of
America,) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and.ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention is an improvement in and connected with furnaces and the
feeding of fuel thereto in finely divided particles and consists in the novel features
hereinafter described reference being had to the accompanying drawings which
illustrate one form in which I have contemplated embodying my invention and
said invention is fully disclosed in the following description and claims.
Referring to the said drawings,
Figure.I represents a sectional view of a portion of a boiler furnace showing
my improved apparatus in elevation applied thereto.
"Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of a portion of the front of a furnace for
the consumption of the finely divided fuel.
Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view of my apparatus.
Figure 2 is a detail view of one of the ejector blades.
Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the breaking and feeding
mechanism forming part of my apparatus.
Figure 4 is a top plan view of the same.
Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a detail view of the adjustable gate.
Figure 6 is a sectional view on line 4-4 of Figure 3.
Figure 7 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the discharge chute of the
breaking and feeding mechanism, and the adjacent parts.
Figure 8 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the discharge nozzle.
Figure 9 is a front elevation of the same.
Figure 10 is a still further enlarged front elevation of a portion of the nozzle
at one side of the same.
Figure 11 is a top plan view of a modified form of nozzle which I sometimes
employ, part being broken away.
Figure 11 represents a partial plan view of the nozzle having a detachable
water jacket tip.
Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view thereof.
Figure 12 represents a vertical section through the nozzle shown in Figure 11.
Figure 13 represents a rear end view of the nozzle partly in section.
Figure 14 represents a front view of the nozzle.
Figure 15 represents a detail of the construction.
Figure 16 is a vertical sectional view of a boiler furnace embodying my in-
vention.
Figure 17 is, a horizontal sectional view of the same.
Referring to Figs. 1, 1^, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the drawings, A represents the

page_text: shell or casing of the apparatus which comprises the upper portion or hopper a
provided in this instance with the inclined portion a² and the lower cylindrical
portion a. The inclined portion may, however, be omitted and the hopper and
fower cylindrical portion may be of uniform diameter. In the lower cylindrical
portion is the horizontal bottom plate a³ which is provided with a central
bearing a and below the bottom plate and parellel therewith is the bearing
plate provided with a central step bearing at. BB represent the breaking
plates forming an inside cylinder which is secured to the wall of the casing A,
said plates being provided with a series of breaking webs of different vertical
lengths as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The webs extend from the top of the
breaking plates nearly to the bottom of the same and are provided at the top with
inwardly projecting portions 6* which catch and break the larger particles. The
breaking plates B are also provided intermediate the long webs b with shorter
webs and as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Below these webs the cylinder is
provided with a series of horizontal breaking lugs 63.
C represents a vertical shaft mounted in the bearing a and step bearing a
and carrying at its upper end the breaking cone C This cone is provided
exteriorly with a series of breaking webs c, c1, c2 arranged correspondingly to the
webs b, 6, 62, the longest webs c being provided with outwardly projecting por-
tions in the horizontal plane of the projections 6, see Fig. 3. The cone C
is provided below the webs with breaking lugs which alternate with the lugs 63
on the breaking plates. The breaking cone is also provided with a series of down-
wardly extending agitating fingers c
1 represents a movable bottom located above the bottom plate a³ of the cylin-
drical casing a² and consisting in this instance of a horizontal plate or disk having
a central hub secured to the shaft C so that the plate shall revolve therewith.
This plate or disk is provided with a serrated or notched peripheral edge d, see
Fig. 5, and its upper face is provided with a series of webs or ribs d¹ extending
from the periphery toward the center but not being disposed radially on the disk,
the said webs being very low adjacent to the periphery of the disk and increasing
in height adjacent to the hub. These webs or ribs are so arranged as to have
a tendency to convey the material on the disk or plate toward the periphery.
The lower face of the disk or plate 1 is also provided with cleaning ribs d² ex-
tending from the periphery inward to conduct toward the periphery any material
which may work under the said disk or plate in the operation of the
machine. Between the bottom plate and the bearing plate a³, the
shaft C is provided with a worm wheel C, the teeth of which are engaged by a
worm E on a driving shaft E¹ which is mounted in suitable bearings e and provided
with a driving pulley e. The worm E is preferably encased in a trough e² pro-
vided with a hinged cover e³. While I have found this to be a very advantageous
arrangement for driving the shaft C, it is obvious that I may drive it in other
ways if desired.
The part of the casing A is provided at one side with a delivery aperture 7.
the lower edge of which extends below the revolving plate or disk D as shown
in Fig. 5 and F represents a delivery chute or spout for conveying the material 4
from the apparatus. The inner edge of this spout F2 extends within the serra-
tions on the periphery of the disk 1) so that any material which is carried around
in said serrated edge will fall vertically therefrom into the chute. The delivery
of the material through the aperture is controlled by means of an adjustable
gate J which is pivoted to the part a¹ at j, at one side of the aperture a² said 5
gate being provided with a horizontally disposed portion or guard J₁ adjacent to
the upper edge of the aperture a². In order to enable the gate J to be main-
tained in any desired position, I provide it with an adjusting arm j the outer
end of which extends through a slot in a stationary arm 3 which is preferably
curved concentrically with the point of pivoting j. The said arm is provided 5
with a shoulder which engages the inner side of the arm and the outer
extremity of the arm is threaded and provided with a wing nut or equivalent

page_text: device, for clamping the arm j¹ to the arm to hold the gate. in any position to
which it may be adjusted.
11
i
The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The material. which may be
coal or other material of a similar. nature is: placed in the. hopper a and will be:
broken up by the breaking webs and lugs of the breaking plates and the breaking.
cone, as it passes downward into the receptacle a. In the latter receptacle the
broken material is kept in motion around.the shaft C by the revolving.bottom D.;
Portions of the broken material as it moves.around within the receptacle a!. will.
be caught by the edges of the adjustable gate J and deflected outwardly into the
delivery chute or spout F by which it is delivered to any desired point.. By setting
the gate J: further inward toward the shaft Ca greater amount of material will
be fed to the spout, and. by setting it nearer the wall of the receptacle a! .the
amount allowed to pass to the spout will be decreased. It will thus: be seen that
the feed of the apparatus can be very accurately regulated, by adjusting the swing-
ing gate J in the manner herein before described.
F. represents (Fig. 2) a cylindrical casing preferably formed of: two halves.or.
sections hinged at one side and secured together when in use,. provided at one end
with an enlarged annular portion F forming within the same an annular recess:
or trough as shown in Fig. 2. The inner face of the casing F is provided; with,
a spiral or helical rib. f having its pitch towards the inlet end of the cylinder.
A shaft. G is mounted in suitable bearings g. supported by the frame of the
apparatus, and extends centrally through the casing F. Within the main portion
of the casing this shaft is provided with radial arms carrying blades.g!, the outer
edges of which travel very close to the spiral rib.fl. These blades, are provided:
with apertures g therein, to permit, the, pulverized material to pass through the
blades, as they rotate.
The shaft G is also provided with a series of radial arms g³ carrying ejector blades
which are adapted to travel in the annular recess or trough f of the casing. F
I prefer to form the ejector blades; as, shown in Fig. 24, in which grepresents
the blade proper which is also a pulverizing blade secured to one of the arms.g,
and g represents an adjustable plate, secured to the arm g³ and blade g by bolts
and nuts, or. set screw passing through a slot in said adjustable plate.. By
adjusting the plate go with respect to the main portion g of the blade the area of
the complete blade can be increased or diminished to vary the .ejecting force of
said blades.
:
It will be noted that the outer edges of the blades are at a greater distance
from the shaft G than the outer edges of. blades g' hence the bladesig will travel.
in a circle of larger diameter than the blades g and will move at a relatively
greater speed. Thus by making the casing with the annular trough, or recess f.
I am enabled to drive the ejector blades which travel in said. trough, at greater:
speed than the other blades without increasing the speed of the shaft G.; I term
the main portion of the casing F the pulverizing chamber, and the
blades located therein the pulverizing blades, and the annular trough
with its blades I term the ejector. The casing F is preferably provided at the:
end adjacent to the breaking and feeding mechanism with an opening f for the
admission of air, said opening being controlled by a movable closing plate f³,
pivoted at one end to the casing, in this instance, and provided with a curved slot.
engaging a thumb,screw or other device for securing it in any position to which!
it may be adjusted.
+
:
!
A conducting tube H is connected to the exterior of the annular trough and
communicates with a suitable delivery therein for delivering the pulverized
material to a discharge nozzle, by means of which it is discharged
into the furnace in which it is to be consumed. The delivery:
ube H connects tangentially with the ejector, as shown, by means of a
hood H2 see Fig. 1. in which I have shown such a hood at the top and also at
he bottom of the ejector. I prefer to connect the tube at the top as in Fig. 1
n: which case the other hood, if the machine is constructed with two, will be.

page_text: closed in any desired manner, but in some cases I may desire to discharge the
material from the bottom. In either case the blades of the ejector will of course,
be given the necessary direction of rotation to discharge the material into and
through the delivery tube. I represents the furnace provided with the fire. box
or combustion chamber i, the grate i¹ and ash pit 3. The ash pit is provided
with a door having a suitable air inlet which is controlled by a damper of
any preferred construction. represents the furnace door which is provided
with an aperture for the passage of the nozzle therethrough. To the exterior of
the door is bolted or otherwise secured the front end of the delivery tube: the.
upper
and lower sides of which are slightly adjacent to the door as shown at hh.
Within these enlarged portions are mounted the ends of the upper and lower
nozzle plates K K₁ which form my discharge nozzle, (see Figs. 2, 8, 9 and 10) cach:
of said plates being secured to a horizontal shaft in any desired way, and the:
shafts mounted in suitable bearings in the end of the tube, so that the plates can.
be raised or lowered by rotating said shafts. One of said plates (in this instance
the lower plate K¹) is provided with lateral, vertically disposed flanges
between which the other plate moves. The plates K and K' spread out laterally
from the portions adjacent to their supporting shafts as shown in Fig. 2, so that
they are much wider adjacent to their discharge ends than at the opposite end,
thereby enabling them to spread the material discharged between the said plates,
very widely in a horizontal plane. I desire to have the discharge greater at the
outer sides of the nozzle than in the center and to secure this result the outer
corner portions of the upper and lower plates are slightly beveled on their
horizontal inner sides or faces as shown at in Figs. 9 and 10 or made convex
to slightly increase the delivery orifice formed between said plates, at their outer
edges.
k¹
I also provide one or both of the plates KK (both plates as shown) with
external air passages, as indicated in Figs. 2, 8, 9 and 10. To this end each plate
is provided on its exterior with two or more ribs to which is secured an outer
plate which may be of the full width of the nozzle plate or may extend over
the central portion only as shown in the drawings. Air passages are thus
formed between the nozzle plate and the plate extending the whole length of
the plates and said passages will receive air from slots or apertures 2 in the
enlarged end of the delivery tube has shown in Fig. 8. The air in passing
through the air passages will have a tendency to keep the nozzle plates cool
by taking up heat therefrom, and will be delivered in a heated condition within
the furnace adjacent to the discharge orifice of the nozzle. Each of the shafts k k
is provided with an external adjusting arm having an adjusting screw
operatively connected therewith by means of which the plates K and K can be
adjusted with respect to each other to vary the discharge opening formed between
their edges and by means of which the plates can be elevated or depressed to
discharge the material passing between them horizontally or upwardly or down-
wardly as desired. This nozzle is formed entirely by the two plates K and K
and can be cheaply made and easily controlled and operated. Moreover by this
construction the clogging of the plates which is experienced where they are
confined within a shell or casing, is entirely avoided. Where the nozzle plates
are enclosed in a casing particles of the fuel are constantly getting into the spaces
between the plates and the walls of the casing where they are coked by the high
heat, to which the nozzle is subjected and interfere seriously with the movements
of the plates in adjusting the nozzle.
In the modified form of nozzle shown in Figs. 11 to 15 inclusive the construc-
tion is as follows: The nozzle A is constructed of suitable cast metal and is
set at its delivery end in the front wall L of a steam-boiler or other furnace. The
nozzle is composed of the main casing B and the movable or swinging section B
Both the sections B and B₁ of the casing have flaring side walls, as shown in
Fig. 11, and the top and bottom plates converge toward each other at the delivery
end, as shown in Fig. 12. Thin rectangular slots or openings 6 6 are formed in

page_text: the top and bottom plates of the casing B for receiving the adjustable plates C C³.
The casing is also provided with the circumferential flange 61 for bolting it in
place in the furnace wall. A water jacket 6" is cast with the casing, preferably
at its front end, and such jacket is provided with the inlet pipe 63 and the outlet
pipe 6 for circulation of water. A detachable water jacket tip 65 is preferably
bolted or otherwise secured to casing B, as, shown in Figs. 11 and 11.
The adjustable sliding plates C C¹ are inserted from the exterior through the
wide thin openings or slots b in the upper and lower plates of the casing and are
preferably inclined so as to converge toward their front ends, as shown. The side
walls of the casing are provided with inclined grooves a a, forming guide-ways
for said plates CC, as shown in Figs 13 and 14. The plates C C¹ are preferably
provided with longitudinal spacing ribs e for forming air passages d between the
casing and said plates. Said ribs increase the radiating surface of the plates and
serve for conducting heat to the inflowing air, thereby cooling the plates. The
outer ends of plates C C are provided with outwardly turned lugs or ears c¹ cl
for receiving the adjusting screws E. A sliding damper 9 is placed at the inlet
openings of the air passages d for controlling the admission of air thereto.
g
The adjusting screw E is held in ear c¹ and preferably made with an annular
groove for forming a swivel joint with the pins or staples f. Either two pins
or a staple f is inserted in vertical holes through the lug or ear c¹ so as to engage
with the grooves è and permit the screw E to turn in its opening. The opening
in the flange b' is screw threaded for the adjusting screw E to work through,
and thereby slide the plate C forward or backward. The screw E is preferably,
made with a squared end e¹ for applying a wrench. By means of the construction
shown the pins or staples f can be withdrawn from ears c¹ and then the plates C
pulled out of the casing without disturbing the screws E. The plate C can thus
be quickly removed for repairs or for cleaning and quickly replaced in the casing:
For the purpose of cleaning out any dust or other foreign matter which may
be deposited in the nozzle I provide the movable section B which is preferably
hinged at n to the stationary part B of the nozzle and is also connected by a
joint m to the delivery end of the spout M, leading from the pulverizing mill;
The abutting ends of the section B₁ and spout M are curved, as shown, so that
the section B may be swung upward upon its hinge n. The nozzle being opened,
any accumulation of dust or other material can be cleaned out from both sections.
The combustion chamber of the furnace is preferably provided with a grate.
The steam boiler is set in the furnace in the usual manner. A flaring opening.
is preferably formed in the wall L (see Fig. 11) between the delivery end of the
nozzle and the combustion chamber as shown, for preventing the flame from
coming in contact with the nozzle. The adjustable plates C C¹, being inclined
longitudinally to a horizontal plate, are so set as to form at their inner ends a
wide and thin opening. This opening can be varied by sliding the plates either
inward or outward. If a larger delivery opening is desired, both plates may be
slid backward and held in place by the adjusting screws, and if a smaller delivery
opening is desired both plates are slid forward by said screws or other suitable
means. If it is desired to direct the blast upward from a horizontal plane,
then the upper plate may be slid backward and the lower plate slid forward,
or, the upper plate along may be slid backward or the lower plate along
slid forward. If it is desired to deflect the blast downward, the move-
ments of the plates are reversed. In case there is a deposit of heavy
particles of unconsumed coal or coke upon the grate a current of air will be
admitted. through the lower passages of the nozzle and thence between the flame
and hearth of the combustion chamber, so as to completely burn the coked material
on the hearth. Air,will be drawn in through the upper and lower passages d d
of the nozzle both by the escaping blast at the end of the nozzle and by the
chimney draft. The admission of air will be controlled by the sliding dampers g.
By means of said dampers the air may be wholly shut off, if desired.
The delivery tube H (see Fig. 1) is provided with a removable section H¹ which

page_text: is preferably hinged at h³ to the part-attached to the ejector and has its forward
end provided with an inclined face adapted to engage a parallel face on the end
of the portion which is secured to the furnace door. The parts H¹ and h´are
secured together by any suitable means, clamping screws h being shown for the
purpose, see Figs. 1 and 8. It will be thus seen that by releasing the screws h
and throwing the movable section Hout of operative relation with the part h,
the furnace door carrying the nozzle may be swung open to give access to the
furnace.
The operation of the device in preparing and feeding fuel to the furnace is
as follows:-The fuel is deposited in the upper part of the breaking and feeding
device, where it is crushed or broken between the breaking plates and cone to
the desired condition, after which it passes through the chute 13 into the pul-
verizing chamber, the gate J regulating the feed of the material to said chamber.
In the pulverizing chamber the material is forced to the walls by the centrifugal
action of the pulverizing blades, and portions of the material will be maintained
in contact with said walls between the coils of the spiral rib f¹. Other portions
of the material will be forced around by the blades, thus setting up a rubbing or
pulverizing action between the material on the inside of the walls and that which
is being moved or rolled around by the blades. The heavier particles of the
material will also tend to fall from the top of the casing to the bottom where
they will be taken up by other blades and again carried upward. Any large
particles of greater diameter than the height of the rib f will be forced along
the pitch side of the rib toward the inlet end of the pulverizing chamber, thus
subjecting them to a shearing action and propelling them toward the inlet to
be again acted upon by the blades. The lighter portions of the material will
be caught up by, the current of air admitted through the aperture f² and passing
longitudinally through the casing along the blades and will be carried toward the
ejector. In the ejector the material will also be given a further pulverization
by the blades, and the material will be discharged with great force by the
ejector blades through the delivery tube H, which is tangential to the annular
trough as before described, the material being spread out and sprayed into the
furnace by the discharge nozzle. The material in passing through the delivery
tube and nozzle is accompanied by and suspended in a current of air and remains
suspended in the air until it is consumed. In using this apparatus in connection
with a boiler furnace, I first detach the removable section H¹ of the delivery tube
to permit the furnace door to be opened and build an initial fire upon the grate
which is fired by hand in the ordinary manner. The draft damper below the
grate is then closed, the section H¹ of the tube H is placed in operative position
and my apparatus is started. As the material is fed into the furnace and dis-
charged from the nozzle a certain regulated amount of air is supplied with the
fuel, and the finer particles of the latter are instantly ignited by the flame from
the initial fire, and are consumed while in a state of suspension between the grate
and the boiler, producing an intensely hot flame without smoke. Any heavier
particles of the fuel will fall upon the coals already burning on the grate, but which
are merely smouldering, as the air supply below the grate is cut off.
heavier particles will thus form a covering for the fire upon the grate tending
to still further check its combustion, but adding almost imperceptibly sufficient
fuel to maintain a low fire.
These
If now for any cause it becomes necessary to stop my apparatus, as by the
breaking of a part, or derangement of the apparatus, the movable section H¹ of
the delivery tube is thrown back, the draft damper below the grate is opened,
and the furnace door can be at once opened to enable the fire already burning
upon the grate to be fed by hand, thus obviating any delay in changing from the
use of my apparatus to hand firing and vice versa. "Furthermore the presence of
the fire continually above the grate during the use of my apparatus will prevent
the grate from being destroyed or injured by the intense heat of the flame above
it, which would result if the grate were directly, exposed..

page_text: The shaft G of the apparatus will be driven from a suitable source of power,
preferably by means of a driving pulley go and motion is communicated to the
breaking mechanism from a pulley on shaft G to a suitable pulley on the
shaft of the worm E.
The side walls of the furnace I are provided adjacent their front ends with
cheeks (see Figs. 1 and 1^) extending a short distance above the grate ¹ and
having inclined inner faces which taper from the side walls to the aperture 28
through which the fuel is introduced and which is closed by the furnace door .
These inclined faces are so disposed that the lateral portions of the fuel discharged
by the nozzle will travel parallel and adjacent thereto, and as said walls become
intensely hot while the furnace is in use, they will impart a great amount of
heat to the adjacent portions of the fuel thus assisting in the combustion of the
sanie. As the cheeks 2 do not extend to the bottom of the boiler they do not
intervene between the boiler and the products of combustion, and such heated
portions of the fuel as lodge upon their upper faces will impart their heat to
the boiler.
In Figs. 16 and 17 I have shown an improved furnace setting particularly
adapted for burning fuel prepared and fed by the devices heretofore described.
In these figures A represents the side or vertical walls of the setting which at
their forward ends are preferably inclined toward each other as shown at a and
are connected by an arch or horizontal section a¹. B represents the bridge wall
which extends transversely of the walls A A and C represents the front wall of
the furnace provided with a front plate C, the wall being provided with a main
door opening and ash pit opening c and said front plate being provided with the
furnace door and ash pit door c³.
1) represents the grate extending from the front wall to the bridge wall and
lying below the overhanging portion or arch a! between which and the grate is
formed what I term the combustion chamber E, while below the grate is the ash
pit F. G represents the boiler of the pattern known as a return tubular boiler
provided with the usual fire tubes g. The front end of the boiler may extend a
greater or less distance over the combustion chamber as may be found necessary
or convenient.
H represents the back wall of the furnace or setting provided with a closing
plate for forcing the products of combustion into the tubes. Substantially in
line with the rear end of the boiler is a vertical transverse wall or partition I,
preferably of fire brick, which does not however extend downwardly to the bottom
of the rear portion of the furnace or setting, and forward of the partition I is a
parallel wall or partition K extending from the bottom of the setting upward to
a point near the bottom of the boiler, the upper face of the wall K conforming
to the shape of the bottom of the boiler. It will thus be seen that the products
of combustion will be forced to pass through a somewhat contracted opening k
formed above the wall K and thence to pass downward through a narrow vertical
passage and beneath the partition I into the rear space at the rear end of
the boiler setting, the said space being of greater size than the passage klas
shown. The products of combustion in passing downwardly through the narrow
passage between the partitions I, K, carries the ash downwardly, with considerable
force and the products of combustion as they enter the larger passage in rear
of partition I and begin to ascend will expand or spread out slightly thus causing
them to drop the ash which settles in the lower part of the rear portion of the
Furnace.
L represents a rearwardly inclined floor or surface preferably of fire brick,
extending from the top of the bridge wall B to a point adjacent to the bottom
of the partition K, said floor or surface L having its central portion depressed
below its side portions, as shown in the drawing, so as to form a chute or hopper
o conduct the fine ash falling thereon to its lowest portion, which will be at the
enter adjacent to the bottom of the wall K. In order to rapidly remove the
ccumulated ash when desired, I provide a horizontal discharge tube M which

page_text: extends from an opening at the lowest portion of the ash receiving floor L to a
point outside of the furnace and I provide also a small pipe N which is extended
into and provided with a discharge nozzle within the inner end of the tube M so
that when steam, air or other fluid under pressure is forced through the pipe N
it will act as an injector in drawing the ash into the tube M and discharge it
outside of the furnace.
I also provide the portion of the furnace in rear of the partition K with a
hopper shaped bottom having a discharge orifice in the center at its lowest
part which is provided with an ash discharging tube P and pipe Q constructed
and operating exactly similar to the tube M and pipe N just described.
This improved furnace or boiler setting is particularly designed for use in
connection with means for supplying fuel in a more or less finely divided condition
which is delivered into the combustion chamber E by means of a suitable nozzle
such as is indicated in the drawings at S. It will be noted that the combustion
chamber E is forward of the portions of the boiler which are directly exposed to
the action of the flames and products of combustion, the said combustion chamber
These walls become
being surrounded on three sides with fire brick walls.
intensely heated during the combustion of the finely divided fuel and the heat
from said walls is radiated and imparted to the fresh fuel as it is introduced into
the combustion chamber, thus assisting greatly in producing the instantaneous
combustion of the fuel while the particles are suspended between the grate and
the arch above the same. The ash resulting from the combustion of this finely
divided fuel is in the form of a fine impalpable dust or powder, having very little
cohesiveness so that it can be readily discharged by an injector apparatus of the
kind described.
It will be noted that the inner faces of the side walls at the front of the furnace
incline toward each other and that the nozzle S is introduced into the combustion
chamber at its narrowest point. As a result of this construction the side walls
of the chamber will conform to the shape of the stream of finely. divided fuel
which is discharged from the nozzle thus preventing the formation of eddies or
dead spaces which would otherwise occur and which in some cases interfere with
perfect operation of the furnace. The lateral portions of the stream of material
will pass in close proximity to these inclined walls which during the use of the
furnace are intensely heated, and the walls will therefore impart a high degree
of beat to the adjacent material, thus facilitating the combustion of the same.
a
While I have shown a return tube boiler in connection with my improved
furnace or boiler setting, the latter is adapted for use with any desired style or
kind of boiler.
In the use of this form of furnace the portions of the finely divided fuel in the
form of incandescent or burning particles or highly heated ash will be deposited
upon the floor L in rear of the bridge wall, and on the hopper bottom O which will
give off their heat to the boiler so that I have a large heat radiating surface in rear
of the combustion chamber. The heated products of combustion are also throttled
somewhat by the narrow passages k and thus causing them to pass more slowly
along the bottom of the boiler so as to give up their heat more effectively thereto,
while the ash carried by the products of combustion in rear of the combustion
chamber will be collected upon the inclined bottom L and hopper bottom O from
which it can be removed at suitable intervals through the tubes M and P by means
of the injectors N and Q.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
is:-
1. In an apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with
mechanism for reducing the fuel to a finely divided condition, of an ejector
comprising a cylindrical casing, having a tangential delivery tube communicating

page_text: therewith, and a series of revolving blades of substantially the width of said
casing, substantially as described.
2. In an apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with
mechanism for reducing the fuel to a finely divided condition, of an ejector
comprising a cylindrical casing, having a tangential delivery tube communicating
therewith, and a series of revolving blades of substantially the width of said
casing, said blades having adjustable portions for varying the area of the blades,
substantially as described.
3. In an apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with
mechanism for reducing the fuel to a finely divided condition, comprising a
pulverizing chamber and a revoluble shaft within said chamber provided with
pulverizing blades, of an ejector comprising a cylindrical casing of greater
diameter than the pulverizing chamber and communicating therewith, a series of
ejector blades mounted upon said shaft and having their outer edges at a greater
distance from the same than the outer edges of the pulverizing blades whereby
the ejector blades will travel at a greater speed than the pulverizing blades, sub-
stantially as described.
4. In an apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with
mechanism for reducing the fuel to a finely divided condition comprising a
pulverizing chamber and a revolving shaft within said chamber provided with
pulverizing blades, of an ejector comprising a cylindrical casing of greater
diameter than the pulverizing chamber, communicating therewith and forming
an annular groove or recess, a series of ejector blades mounted upon said shaft,
adapted to travel in said annular groove or recess and of substantially the width
of the same, the outer edges of said blades being at a greater distance from the
shaft than the outer edges of the pulverizing blades whereby said ejector blades
will travel at a greater speed than the pulverizing blades, substantially as
described.
5. In an apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with
mechanism for reducing the fuel to a finely divided condition including a cylin
drical pulverizing chamber provided on its interior with a spiral rib having its
working face extending from the delivery end of said chamber toward the end at
which the fuel is admitted, a revoluble shaft in said chamber provided with a series
of blades extending into close proximity to said rib, of, an ejector comprising
a cylindrical casing of greater diameter than the pulverizing chamber, and com-
municating with the latter; said casing, forming within the same an annular
groove or recess, and a series of ejector blades mounted on said shaft, adapted to
travel in said annular groove or recess, and of substantially the width of the
same, the outer edges of said blades being at a greater distance from the shaft
than the outer edges of the pulverizing blades whereby said ejector blades will
travel at greater speed than the pulverizing blades, substantially as described.
6. In apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with mechanism
for reducing the fuel to a finely divided condition, of an injector consisting of
a. cylindrical casing, and a series of revolving ejector blades in said casing, a
discharge nozzle secured to the furnace door, and a delivery tube connecting the
ejector casing and the nozzle and provided adjacent to the nozzle with a removable
section to permit the furnace door to be opened, substantially as described.
7. In apparatus for feeding fuel, the discharge nozzle comprising two hori-
zontally disposed pivoted plates, one of said plates being provided with lateral
perpendicular flanges between which the other plate is fitted, an adjusting arm
adjusting mechanism for each plate, substantially as described...
8. In apparatus for feeding fuel, the discharge nozzle comprising two hori-
zontally disposed pivoted plates, one of said plates being provided with lateral
perpendicular flanges between which the other plate is fitted, and independent
adjusting means for each of said plates, said plates having straight delivery ends,
the inner horizontal faces of which are separated a greater distance adjacent to
the sides of the nozzle than at the center, substantially as described.

page_text: 9. In apparatus for feeding fuel, the discharge nozzle consisting of a pair of
horizontally disposed pivoted plates, one of said plates having lateral perpendiculár
flanges within which the other plate is fitted, one of said plates being provided
with a longitudinal air passage communicating with the air outside of the furnace,
substantially as described.
10. In apparatus for feeding, fuel, the discharge nozzle consisting of two hori-
zontally disposed pivoted plates, one of said plates being provided with lateral
perpendicular flanges between which the other plate is fitted, independent ad-
justing mechanism for each of said plates, one of said plates being provided with
longitudinally disposed ribs, and an auxilliary plate secured thereto and engaging
said ribs to form a longitudinal air passage or passages, substantially as described.
11. In apparatus for feeding fuel, the discharge nozzle consisting of two hori-
zontally disposed pivoted plates, one of said plates being provided with laterál
perpendicular flanges between which the other plate is fitted, an adjusting arm
for each plate, and an adjusting screw operatively connected with each adjusting
arm, whereby said plates may be independently adjusted substantially as described.
12. In apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with a pul-
verizing chamber, provided with revoluble pulverizing blades, an ejector com-
prising a cylindrical casing communicating with said pulverizing chamber and
provided with revolving ejector blades and a discharge nozzle connected with said
ejector, of a breaking and feeding mechanism comprising a cylindrical casing,
having a discharge aperture communicating with the pulverizing chamber,
revoluble breaking mechanism within said casing, and an adjustable swinging
gate adjacent to said discharge aperture for regulating the amount of fuel delivered
to the pulverizing chamber, substantially as described.
13. In apparatus for preparing and feeding fuel, the combination with a furnace
provided with a grate, a draft damper below the grate for controlling the air
supply beneath the same, a discharge nozzle secured to the furnace door,
mechanism for reducing the fuel to a finely divided condition and a delivery tube
connected with the nozzle for delivering the finely divided fuel thereto, said
delivery tube being provided adjacent to the furnace door with a removable
section, whereby said section may be removed, to allow the furnace door to be
opened for the purpose of hand firing when desired, substantially as described.
14. The combination with a furnace having its combustion chamber provided
with cheeks extending a distance above the grate, having forwardly converging
vertical faces, of a nozzle for introducing finely divided fuel into the combustion
chamber, and means for supplying finely divided fuel to said nozzle, substantially
as described.
15. In a breaking and feeding mechanism, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge opening at one side, of the breaking mechanism and
a slowly movable bottom below the breaking mechanism adapted to receive the
material directly therefrom and carry portions at a distance from the discharge
aperture toward said aperture, substantially as described.
16. In a breaking and feeding mechanism, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture at one side, of breaking mechanism in said
casing and a horizontal slowly moving revoluble bottom in said casing below
the breaking mechanism and adapted to receive material directly therefrom for
conveying the portions of the material at a distance from the delivery aperture
toward said aperture, substantially as described.
17. In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture, of the breaking mechanism, the horizontal
revoluble disk or plate below said breaking mechanism and adjacent to 'said
aperture and an adjustable gate adjacent to said aperture having a portion ex-
tending over the said horizontal plate or disk, substantially as described.
18. In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture, of the breaking mechanism, the horizontal
revoluble plate below said breaking mechanism and adjacent, to said aperture,

page_text: and an adjustable gate adjacent to said aperture extending over said horizontal
plate or disk, and having a horizontally disposed portion or guard adjacent to the
upper edge of said aperture, substantially as described.
19. In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture, of the breaking mechanism and the horizontal
revoluble plate below said breaking mechanism and adjacent to said aperture,
said plate being provided on its upper face with ribs or webs extending from the
periphery inward and with a serrated peripheral edge and a delivery chute en-
gaging the said discharge aperture and extending beneath the serrated edge of
said plate, substantially as described.
20 In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture, of the breaking mechanism, a horizontal
revoluble plate below said breaking mechanism, and adjacent to said aperture,
said plate being provided with a serrated peripheral edge, a series of ribs or
webs on its upper face and a series of cleaning webs on its lower face, and a
delivery chute engaging said discharge aperture and extending beneath the
serrated edge of said plate, substantially as described.
21. In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture, the breaking plates and a revoluble, breaking
cone provided with downwardly extending agitating fingers, of a horizontal
revoluble plate below said cone and fingers, and adjacent to said discharge aper-
ture, substantially as described.
22. In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture, the breaking plates and a revoluble breaking
cone provided with downwardly extending agitating fingers, of a horizontal
revoluble plate below said cone and, fingers and adjacent to said aperture and an
adjustable gate adjacent to said aperture and adapted to extend above said hori-
zontal plate, substantially as described.
23. In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing,
of the breaking plates provided with vertically disposed breaking webs, certain
of said webs having inwardly extending projections adjacent to their upper ends,
and a revoluble breaking cone provided with vertically disposed breaking webs,
certain of said webs being provided with outwardly extending projections sub-
stantially in the plane of said inwardly extending projections, substantially as
described.
24. In a breaking and feeding apparatus, the combination with the casing
provided with a discharge aperture and breaking plates provided with vertical
webs of different lengths and horizontal projections below said webs, of the break-
ing cone provided with vertical webs of different lengths, and horizontal pro-
jections alternating with those of the breaking plates, and a horizontal revoluble
plate or disk below said breaking plates and cone, and adjacent to the discharge
aperture, substantially as described.
:
25. A boiler furnace provided at its rear wall with a vertical transverse partition
extending from the boiler downwardly to a point near the bottom of the furnace,
a second vertical transverse partition forward of said first named partition, ex-
tending from the bottom of the furnace to near the bottom of the boiler, the
distance between the said partitions being less than the distance between the rear
wall of the furnace than said first named partition, whereby the products of com-
bustion will be carried downward through the narrow passage between said parti-
tions and allowed to expand in the rear of said partitions, to deposit the ash, and
means for removing said ash, substantially as described.
.26. A boiler furnace provided adjacent its rear wall with a vertically disposed
transverse partition extending to a point near the bottom of the furnace, and a
vertical transverse partition forward of said first named partition extending from
the bottom of the furnace nearly to the bottom of the boiler, said partitions form-
ing a vertical passage down which the products of combustion are conducted to

page_text: allow the ash carried thereby to be deposited, a discharge tube for the said ash,
and an injector for said discharge tube, substantially as described.
27. A boiler furnace provided at its front end with a combustion chamber and
having adjacent to its rear wall parallel vertical transverse partitions for con-
ducting the products of combustion downwardly between the same and an inclined
bottom extending downwardly from the combustion chamber to one of said
partitions, substantially as described.
28. A boiler furnace provided at its front end with a combustion chamber, and
adjacent to its rear wall with parallel vertical transverse partitions for causing
the products of combustion to travel downwardly to deposit the ash carried.
thereby, an inclined bottom extending from the combustion chamber downwardly
to one of said partitions, a discharge tube adjacent to the lowest portion of said
inclined bottoni, a discharge tube in rear of said partitions and injectors for said
discharge tubes, substantially as described.
29: A boiler furnace provided with a combustion chamber having the inner
portions or its side walls converging toward the front of the chamber, a horizontal
grate in said chamber extending from one of said inclined walls to the other, a
discharge nozzle located at the narrower end of said chamber for feeding finely
divided fuel into said chamber, whereby the formation of eddies at the front of
the chamber is avoided and the entire grate is within the range of said nozzle,
substantially as described.
30. A boiler furnace for consuming finely divided fuel, provided with a dis-
charge tube for ash, and an injector for said discharge tube, substantially as
described.
31. A boiler furnace for consuming finely divided fuel, provided with a com-
bustion chamber at its front end, and adjacent to its rear wall with parallel
vertical transverse partitions forming a passage for conducting the products of
combustion downwardly to deposit the ash carried thereby, an ash receiving hopper
bottom in rear of the said partitions provided with a discharge aperture adjacent
to its lowest portion, a discharge tube communicating with said aperture,
an inclined ash receiving floor extending from said combustion chamber down-
wardly to one of said partitions and having a discharge aperture adjacent to its
lowest portion, a discharge tube communicating with said aperture, and injectors
for said discharge tubes, substantially as described.
32. In a pulverizing mill, the cylindrical shell, having spiral or helically
curved ribs projecting inward therefrom, with their working faces inclined toward
the inlet end of the mill, in combination with a rotary shaft, radial arms secured
thereto and blades connected to said arms, with their outer edges adjacent to said
ribs, and their working faces at an angle toward the working faces of the ribs
which are inclined backward toward the inlet end of the mill, whereby the blades
will exert a shearing action, and work against the ribs to convey the heavier
and larger particles backward and repeatedly subject them to the pulverizing
and shearing action, substantially as described.
33. In a nozzle for burning pulverized fuel, the combination with a casing, of
an inclined sliding plate extending through the width of the nozzle and forming
a continuous plane surface, and means for adjusting it longitudinally toward or
from the delivery end of the nozzle for decreasing or increasing the opening at
said delivery end and thereby regulating the flow of mixed fuel and air to a
combustion chamber, substantially as described.
34. In a nozzle for burning pulverized fuel, the combination with a casing,
of a pair of inclined sliding adjustable plates extending through the width of the
nozzle and forming continuous plane converging surfaces, substantially as de-
.scribed.
i
35. In a nozzle for burning pulverized fuel, the combination with the casing
having side walls flaring toward the delivery end, of one or more inclined, sliding,
adjustable plates extending through the width of the nozzle and forming one or
more continuous plane surfaces, and means for independently moving each plate

page_text: longitudinally, for varying the opening at the discharge end of the nozzle, sub-
stantially as described.
36. In a nozzle for burning pulverized fuel, the combination with a casing of
inclined, sliding, adjustable plates arranged therein to form air spaces or passages
between the casing at top and bottom and said plates, substantially as described.
37. In a nozzle for burning pulverized fuel, the combination with the outer
casing as B, having at or near its inlet end a horizontal transverse slot, of an
inclined sliding plate in said slot and extending through the width of the nozzle,
and a detachable water jacket tip, as 65, secured to the delivery end of said casing
for protecting the outer end of said sliding plate, substantially as described.
38. In a nozzle for burning pulverized fuel, the combination with an outer
casing, of inclined adjustable plates therein, air passages between said casing and
plates and a water jacket exterior to said casing for preventing clogging, by
coking of fuel thereon, through excessive heat, substantially as described.
39. In a nozzle for burning pulverized fuel, the combination with the outer
casing, of an inclined plate converging from its rear to its front end toward a
horizontal median plane, and means for sliding such plate inward or outward
for varying the vertical height of the discharge opening and directing the blast
either upward or downward as desired, substantially as described.
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G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4. South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.