IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, COMPRESSING, AND ROLLING TOBACCO
Year: 1874

page_text: · LETTERS PATENT to James Edward Hyde Andrew, of Stockport, in
the County of Chester, Machine Maker, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, COMPRESSING, AND ROLLING
TOBACCO."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Edward Hyde
Andrew at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 28th September 1874.
I, JAMES EDWARD HYDE ANDREW, of Stockport, in the County of
Chester, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, COMPRESSING, AND
ROLLING TOBACCo," to be as follows:―
My Invention is applicable to those machines in which rollers are
employed for twisting, compressing, and rolling tobacco; and it consists
in the use of a solid top roller acting in combination with two segmental

page_text: rollers constructed in the manner described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to myself in conjunction with Elijah Robinson
and Charles Frederick Robinson, on the 5th day of March 1871, No. 652,
or with two plane rollers, or with two shell rollers which are traversed to
and fro in the direction of their axes by segments and racks, or other
equivalents. The to-and-fro motion of the segments or of the rollers
traverses the twist of tobacco towards the bobbin on which the twist of
tobacco is wound.
I prefer to make the solid top roller much smaller than the bottom
rollers in order that the pressure on the twist may be more intense, and 1
that small twist may be rolled with large bottom rollers; but the
diameter can be varied and the size of the top roller can be changed
according to the size of the twist. I also propose to make it taper to
increase the pressure as the twist passes
forward.
Another part of my Invention consists in making the front bottom 1
roller longer than the others to assist in feeding the finer sorts of
tobacco.
My Invention is applicable to all machines in which rollers, whether
solid or segmental, are used for twisting, compressing, and rolling
tobacco.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Edward Hyde Andrew in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 27th March 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
EDWARD HYDE ANDREW, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, a
Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew,
Her special licence that I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James

page_text: Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, COM-
PRESSING, AND ROLLING TOBACCO," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say): :-
My Invention is applicable to those machines in which three rollers
are employed for twisting, compressing, and rolling tobacco; and it
consists in the use of a solid top roller acting in combination with two
segmental rollers constructed in the manner described in the Specifi-
cation of Letters Patent granted to myself in conjunction with Elijah
Robinson and Charles Frederick Robinson, on the 5th day of March 1871,
Number 652, or with two plane rollers, or with two shell rollers which
are traversed to and fro in the direction of their axes by segments and
racks, or other equivalents. The to-and-fro motion of the segments or
of the rollers traverses the twist of tobacco towards the bobbin on which
it is wound.
I prefer to make the solid top roller much smaller than the bottom
rollers in order that the pressure on the twist may be more intense, and
that small twist may be rolled with large bottom rollers; but the
diameter can be varied and the size of the top roller can be changed
according to the size of the twist. I also propose to make it taper to
increase the pressure as the twist passes forward.
The front bottom roller may be made longer than the others to assist
in feeding the finer sorts of tobacco.

page_text: My Invention is applicable to all machines in which rollers, whether
solid or segmental, are used for twisting, compressing, and rolling
tobacco.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side view; Fig. 2, a transverse
section; and Fig. 3, a plan of my improved machinery for twisting,
compressing, and rolling tobacco, and of part of the table upon which
the tobacco to be operated upon is laid; and Fig. 4 is a detached view
of the top compressing roller.
a is the table on which is the rib a¹ for the sliding rest b, as usual;
c and d are the two lower segmental rollers which are constructed in
the manner described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to.
myself in conjunction with Elijah Robinson and Charles Frederick
Robinson above referred to, or otherwise. The axles of the segmental]
or other rollers revolve in the bearings c³ and d which are bolted to the
flanges of the swivel frames c and d hinged upon the fulcrum shaft x;
the object of thus supporting the bottom rollers c and d is to be able
to vary the distance between the rollers according to the thickness of
the twist of tobacco that is being rolled. When the distance between
the rollers is fixed the bearings are secured by bolts passing through
segmental slots, as shewn in Fig. 2. The solid top roller e revolves in
centres in sliding bearings fitting in the swing frame f, or a stationary
bar
may be used instead of the top roller e, or instead of making the
top roller solid I also propose to make a loose shell on a centre, as shewn 2
in Fig. 4.

page_text: And, Thirdly. Supporting the lower compressing rollers in bearings
connected to swivel frames in order to vary the distance between the
rollers according to the size of the twist of tobacco passing between
them, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew,
have hereto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of
March One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.