IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN
Year: 1885

page_text: I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of the firm of Wm Brookes & Son of 55 & 50
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The machine to be herein described was devised to wind the chain dyed and
beamed yarn described in the Specification of another application for Patent filed
by me of current date herewith.
My invention consists essentially in a series of bobbin carrying spindles, a
reciprocating traverse rail, and feed-rolls located above the tops of the spindles and
arranged lengthwise of the machine and with relation to the row of spindles,
combined with a raddle and a warp-beam, the longitudinal axis of the latter being
extended in the direction of the length of the machine and feed-rolls, substantially
as will be described.
Also, in bobbin carrying spindles arranged in rows at each side the centre of the
winding machine, and a traverse rail, combined with feed-rolls having their longi-
tudinal axes arranged in the direction of the length of the rows of spindles and at
a point above or higher than the tops of the spindles and between the rows of
spindles at opposite sides of the machine, and with suitable means to rotate the
spindles and feed-rolls and reciprocate the traverse-rail, the arrangement of the
feed-rollers with relation to the spindles being such as to enable the threads to be
led from the feed-rolls in opposite directions down to the traverse-rail and spindles,
substantially as will be described.
Also in the combination with the feed-rolls of a machine to wind yarn upon
filling bobbins, of spindles provided with flanges, bolster-cases, loose whorls, inter-
mediate friction wasbers, suitable means to rotate the said whorls, the traverse-rail,
means to actuate it, the feed-rolls located above the tops of the spindles and
arranged lengthwise of the machine, as will be described, with relation to the row
of spindles, and suitable means to rotate the feed-rolls, and a raddle and yarn-beam,
the longitudinal axis of the latter extending in the direction of the axes of the
feed-rolls.

page_text: Also in a spindle provided with a fixed flange, and a supporting case, combined
with a whorl provided with a downwardly extended sleeve or stem inserted in the
said case, the spindle being inserted through the sleeve or stem of the whorl and
having its foot-step in the case below the end of the sleeve of the whorl, and a
friction washer between the said whorl and flange to operate as will be described.
In this my improved machine, the dyed filling yarn wound upon a yarn-beam, is
led, preferably each thread separately, through or between wires, dents, or pins of
a raddle, from which latter the said threads are led through the eyes of a traverse
bar and between feeding rollers, after which the threads pass over a suitable rest
and through eyes of a traverse rail and then are wound upon bobbins driven by
friction, as will be described, the said feed rollers being extended lengthwise of the
machine.
The spindles which rotate the bobbins, are provided each with a flange, and each
spindle is driven by a whorl loose thereon, the upper flat side of each whorl acting
against a friction washer, preferably of felt, interposed between the said whorl and
the flange fixed on the spindle, the adhesion or friction between the flange, washer,
and whorl, causing the bobbin to rotate and effect the winding of the filling thereon.
By driving the bobbin frictionally instead of positively the filling is always kept
taut and the nose and all parts of the yarn load are made of sufficient hardness to
avoid tangling when the filling is being unwound from the bobbin.
Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved bobbin-winding machine, which one
conversant with ordinary spinning machinery may understand.
Figure 2 a section of the same on the dotted line x-x Figure, 1, and
Figure 3 an enlarged section taken through the bobbin foot-step, whorl, the
sleeve, the washer and flange of the spindle, the spindle being in elevation.
The beam containing the filling a, wound upon it as described in my other
application above referred to after being dyed, has its journals b¹, placed in suitable
bearings 6, attached to the stand 63, suitably fastened to the floor, and for the best
results the said beam b, has its longitudinal axis in the direction of the length of
the machine and of the rows of spindles to be described.
The raddle, supported upon adjustable uprights c³ held by screws c¹, is composed
of a curved or bow-shaped bar c, provided with dents c', or other usual guiding
and separating devices for the threads.
"tin
ور
The frame-work A, of the winding machine, has at its centre and extended
longitudinally through the machine, a shaft B, which is provided with the usual
or spindle-driving drum C, about which are extended the bands d, which
drive the loose whorls e, which surround.the spindles 8, placed in long rows along
the sides of the machine in the direction of its length. Each whorl has a sleeve e¹,
which is extended down into the bolster and step-case f, supported. in the bolster-
raile, and the said sleeve bears by its periphery against the inner surface of the
bolster and step-case f, and receives the spindle s, loosely.
The case has a shoulder on which rests the lower end of the sleeve of the whorl
to thus keep the underside of the whorl above the end of the said case.
The said bolster and step-case serve as an oil-well, and the sleeve of the whorl
acts as a bolster for the spindle 8.
-
The spindle s, has a flange fixed on it and above the same I have shown a cup h³,
into the open top of which the lower end of the bobbin is inserted, the said
bobbin in practice being of any usual shape commonly employed to hold filling
yarn in loom shutters.
The bobbin is driven by this cup by friction, but may be driven by a button or
by adhesion to the spindle as in ordinary spinning frames.
Between the whorl and the flange h attached to the spindle, is a felt or other
suitable washer m, capable of exerting such friction that the said flange and the
spindle and bobbin will derive rotation from friction exerted between the whorl
and the said washer and flange.
The size of the washer may be varied to determine the amount of friction. The
whorl will be driven by the band from the drum at the requisite speed.

page_text: The spindle does not rest at its lower end on the step, but is supported vertically
by the flange resting on the friction washer only.
For the best results the whorl will be rotated at such speed as to rotate the
bobbin with little or no slip when the filling is being wound upon that part of the
bobbin of smallest diameter, but as the filling is being wound upon a part of
the bobbin of greater diameter, or upon the yarn-load of increasing diameter, and
the delivery of the yarn being at substantially a constant uniform speed, it follows
that the bobbin must run more slowly than when the filling is being wound upon
the smallest part.
The above arrangement obviates the breakage of filling which would result if
the bobbin were driven always at the same speed.
The bobbin is made to drag or fall behind the speed of rotation of the whorl,
this being practically accomplished by making the whorl loose on the spindle so
that the spindle and bobbin may be driven frictionally, by the action of the whorl
on the washer and flange.
By the employment of the frictionally driven bobbin, the latter may lag behind
more and more as the diameter of the yarn-load is increased, or as the filling is
going from one part of the bobbin to another part thereof of greater diameter, the
latter is made to drag by the tension of the yarn which is being delivered at
a constant rate, and in this way the filling may and will always be wound taut
upon the bobbin from end to end of the yarn-load and there will be made what is
known as a solid compact nose, or one which will not tangle or break down when
unwinding in a shuttle.
.
The "tin" or spindle-driving drum C, is driven by a band upon a pulley B', or
in other usual manner, and the shaft B, near the end of the said drum has a suit-
able pulley B³, see Figure 1, which by band B2, and pulley B, or by other suitable
connection, drives the feed-roller n, the shaft 10, of which rests in suitable bearings
on the stands 16, on the frame A.
The counter-shaft by which the tin drum shaft is driven, will in practice contain
a fast and slow motion device such as commonly employed on slashers and warpers
by means of which the speed of the machine may be reduced so as to enable the
operator to readily mend threads, and clear the rolls of threads which have wound
around them, and not stop the machine. Above the roller n, is a covered or soft
roller 11, and above it a pressure roller 12.
Each filling thread from the beam b, and raddle c, is pressed through an ordinary
guide-eye 2, secured to the lower side of the shifting-bar 3, supported by guide-arms
and connected by rod 4, with the pin of a crank 5, on shaft 6, held in bearings 7,
the said shaft having fast on it a worm-wheel 8, engaged at its lower side by a
worm 9, fast to the shaft 10, of the feed-roller m.
The crank 5, causes the reciprocations of the bar 3, and the attached eyes 2 cause
the filling thread to be moved backward and forward a little between the faces of
the rollers and 11, so that the cover of the latter will not be worn unevenly.
The filling yarn passed through the eyes 2 is then passed between the rollers 12,
and 11, and thence between rollers 11, and n, and the individual threads are
turned alternately in different directions, as in Figures 1, 2, one part over each of
the guides o, at opposite sides of the frame, and from the said guides each of the
filling threads is passed through a suitable eye n¹ in a traverse-rail g, and is
attached to the bobbin opposite the said eye, there being a spindle and eye for each
thread, or pair or more of threads, if they are to be doubled on the quill.
The traverse-rail g, mounted on suitable lifting-rods i, held in suitable bearings
attached to the frame-work will be lifted by the usual builder mechanism common
to many spinning-frames, such for instance as represented in United States Letters
Patent, No 186322, January 16, 1877 wherein the bobbins are wound for filling and
wherein the lifting-rods are marked i, it being understood that the lifting-rods i, in
the machine herein described may be guided as, and raised and lowered by mechanism
.such as shown and described in the said patent, or by any other usual devices.

page_text: The speed of the feed-rollers 11 and n, as well as of the drum C, and whorl is
constant, one depending upon the other, but the speed of the spindle driven by
friction as described is made variable, being gradually slower as the traverse-rail
descends, and vice-versa, in order to wind the yarn properly and avoid breaking the
same.
In Figure 1, I have omitted most of the spindles, deeming it necessary to show'
but a few of them as they are all alike.
In practice I employ two series of spindles in each side of the frame, one above
and a little back of the other.
The axis of the yarn-beam, is substantially parallel with or in the direction of
the length of the rows of spindles, and the raddle extended in the same general
.direction, is elevated above the head of the operator so that the latter can move
about the side of the machine to doff the bobbins or mend broken yarns.
For the successful operation of any machine for winding chain-dyed filling-
bobbins or quills for loom spindles, it is necessary first, that the machine should
have a sufficient number of spindles, say from three to four hundred, so that the
chain as made for dyeing may have a sufficient number of threads to be econo-
nically handled in the dyeing and beaming processes; secondly, that the various
parts of the machine should be so arranged that all parts of the beam, every spindle,
and the whole length of each thread from the yarn-beam to the spindle, should
be readily accessible to the operative for the purpose of mending breakages and for
doffing the bobbins; thirdly, the parts should be so arranged that if a thread
breaks while the machine is running, the broken thread will not tangle in with and
break down others; fourthly, that the rolls for drawing the yarn from the beam
and delivering the same to the spindles, should be as near as possible to the spindles,
so that the threads can be readily kept taut and straight between the yarn-beam
and the said feed-rolls by means of friction applied to the yarn-beam, while the
tension on the thread, after leaving the feed-rolls, must depend entirely on the
frictional spindles; and further, the yarn, practically in one sheet between the yarn-
beam and feed-rolls, must be drawn by the latter that the strain exerted on the
>heet will be distributed on all the yarns of the sheet to the advantage of the
weaker yarns, while after leaving the feed-rolls, the threads must be drawn
separately downward in opposite directions and wound upon the bobbin by the
friction of the spindle, cach individual thread being exposed to single strain only
for the short distance between the feed-rolis and spindles; and lastly, the spindle
and friction for driving the bobbin must be such that the strain on the threads can
be made practically the same on each of the threads going to the spindles, and that,
too, without causing great trouble to the operative or requiring any delicate
adjustment, and this friction must also be such that with the spindle moving at from
two to three thousand turns per minute, the bobbin can fall behind the speed of
the whoil, at least one half, while the yarn is winding on the largest diameter of
the quill, while at the same time the friction must be strong enough and even
enough to wind a compact and hard quill in all parts.
I am aware that machines have been devised, and described in patents, for
winding yarn from beans onto spools, but none of them, so far as I am aware,
could be used practically for the purpose for which my machine is intended.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A series of bobbin carrying spindles, a reciprocating traverse rail, and feed-
rolis located above the tops of the spindies and arranged lengthwise with relation
to the row of spindles, combined with a raddle and a warp-beam, the longitudinal
axis of the latter being extended in the direction of the length of the machine and
feed-rolls, substantially as described.
2. The bobbin carrying spindles arranged in rows at each side of the centre of
the winding machine, and a traverse rail, combined with feed-rolls having their

page_text: longitudinal axes arranged in the direction of the length of the rows of spindles
and at a point above or higher than the tops of the spindles and between the rows
of spindles at opposite sides of the machine, and with suitable means to rotate the
spindles and feed-rolls and reciprocate the traverse-rail, the arrangement of the
feed-rolls with relation to the spindles being such as to enable the threads to be led
from the feed-rolls in opposite directions down to the traverse-rail and spindles,
substantially as described.
3. The combination with the feed-rolls of a machine to wind yarn upon filling
bobbins, of spindles provided with flanges, bolster-cases, loose-whorls, intermediate
friction washers, suitable means to rotate the said whorls, the traverse rail, means
to actuate it, the feed-rolls located above the tops of the spindles and arranged
lengthwise of the machine, as described with relation to the row of spindles, and
suitable means to rotate the feed-rolls, and a raddle, and yarn-beam, the longi-
tudinal axis of the latter extending in the direction of the axes of the feed-rolls,
substantially as described.
4. A spindle provided with a fixed flange, and a supporting case, combined with
a whorl provided with a downwardly extended sleeve or stem inserted in the said
case, the spindle being inserted through the sleeve or stem of the whorl and having
its foot-step in the case below the end of the sleeve of the whorl, and a friction
washer between the said whorl and flange, to operate substantially as described.
Dad thin and J...
Mal 100K