A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING THE OIL CONTAINED IN THE FLOUR OF OLEAGINOUS SEEDS, FOR DISTILLING, RECTIFYING, AND EVAPORATING VOLATILE SUBSTANCES, FOR PRE- PARING VOLATILE OILS OR ESSENCES AND EXTRACTS FOR DYEING AND MEDICAL PURPOSES, FOR DESSICATING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE ALIMENTARY SUBSTANCES, PLANTS, ROOTS, AND FLOWERS, AND FOR VENTILATING
Year: 1864

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Gerin Gabriel Boggio, of Paris, in the Empire of
France, Gentleman, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS
FOR EXTRACTING THE OIL CONTAINED IN THE FLOUR OF OLEAGINOUS SEEDS, FOR
DISTILLING, RECTIFYING, AND EVAPORATING VOLATILE SUBSTANCES, FOR PRE-
PARING VOLATILE OILS OR ESSENCES AND EXTRACTS FOR DYEING AND MEDICAL
PURPOSES, FOR DESSICATING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE ALIMENTARY SUBSTANCES,
PLANTS, ROOTS, AND FLOWERS, AND FOR VENTILATING."
Sealed the 20th October 1864, and dated the 23rd August 1864.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Gerin Gabriel Boggio
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 23rd August 1864, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GERIN
GABRIEL BOGGIO, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING THE OIL CONTAINED IN THE FLOUR OF OLEAGINOUS SEEDS,
FOR DISTILLING, RECTIFYING, AND EVAPORATING VOLATILE SUBSTANCES, FOR PRE-
PARING VOLATILE OILS OR ESSENCES AND EXTRACTS FOR DYEING AND MEDICAL
PURPOSES, FOR DESSICATING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE ALIMENTARY SUBSTANCES,
PLANTS, ROOTS, AND FLOWERS, AND FOR VENTILATING," and have petitioned Her.
Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her

page_text: Royal Letters Patent for the same, and made solemn Declaration that I am
the true and first Inventor thereof.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the. said Gerin Gabriel Boggio, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification under my hand and seal
fully describes and ascertains the nature of the Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed:-
My Invention relates to divers applications of the vacuum by means of a
pneumatic machine or other similar apparatus or means to the extraction of
the oils contained in powders or flours of oleaginous seeds, to the distillation,
rectification, and evaporation of volatile substances, to the preparation of
essences or. volatile oils, of extracts for use in medicine or dying, to the
dessication of animal or vegetable alimentary substances, of plants, flowers,
and roots, and to ventilation.
For these purposes I proceed as follows, according to the nature of the
matters or substances:-
Extraction of oils. I reduce to a coarse powder in the usual way the
seeds of mustard, linseed, sweet or bitter almonds, or other oleaginous seeds,
which powder I place in a displacing apparatus (appareil à déplacement)
provided with a tap at its lower part and with a cover. On this powder
I pour a sufficient quantity of purified sulphuret of carbon to carry off
all the oil contained by the seeds; I leave them in contact for a few
hours, then on opening the tap the liquid runs into a receiver placed
below. I make sure of the entire separation of the oil by letting a few
drops of sulphuret run through the apparatus on to a piece of paper,
if no grease spot is formed the result is attained, if the contrary, I add
sulphuret until the separation is completed. I then shut the tap and place
the apparatus containing the powder in communication with the suction
valve of a pump chamber, or with a bellows with suction and forcing
valves worked in the ordinary way, when a vacuum being formed vaporises
the sulphuret of carbon, which is received in a state of vapour in the
pump chamber or bellows, and driven from thence by the forcing valves
into a surpentine or other condensing apparatus, when it is received in a
condensed state below the surface of water, which prevents all emanations,
in an ordinary receiver, thus I remove all the sulphuret remaining in the
powder. By employing two pump chambers or two bellows, the forms and
sizes of which may vary, a continued operation is obtained.
"I employ the same process for separating the sulphuret from the oil by
placing in communication with the exhausting valve of an air pump the
receiver in which the oily mixture is contained, when the oil only remains in

page_text: the receiver. By this process. I obtain flours which far from losing any of
their properties acquire new ones, thus their quality is increased in proportion
to the oil and water eliminated (about 40 per cent.); they also acquire by
this process an unlimited degree of preservation at all temperatures, conse-
quently the flours of mustard and linseed, amongst others, would bear sea
voyages in all climates.
I may also employ distillation by steam or hot water around the receivers
for separating the sulphuret from the oil, but I prefer my pneumatic process,
as being more advantageous in all respects, economy of space occupied by
furnaces and of fuel, greater purity of products obtained, and no danger of
fire. The oils thus obtained may be applied to their ordinary uses. With
the mustard flour deprived of oil I prepare blisters of great simplicity, the use
of which is very easy, of great utility, and which may be kept for an un-
limited space of time. I fix on paper or tissue of any kind a sufficiently'
thick coating of this powder by means of a weak acqueous solution of glue
or gum, and I then dry it quickly either by artificial heat or in a box or case
hermetically closed, from which I exhaust the air.
By sifting and aromatising I obtain mustard flour for all tastes and linseed
meal, which may advantageously replace the flours or meals known as almond
pastes (pâtes d'amandes)- for toilet. purposes, because this flour contains
mucilaginous and softening. properties in a much larger proportion than
the almond pastes, and besides the prepared flours or meals never become
rancid.
741
11 1
Distilling and rectifying sulphuret of carbon, benzine, petroleum, alcohol,
ethers, aromatic waters or vinegars, acetic acid, and similar substances.-I
place these substances in receivers, which, according to circumstances, are
made of brass, cast-iron, pewter, wrought iron, glass, porcelain, glazed ware,
enamelled cast iron, wood; or other suitable substance or substances. These
receivers being placed in communication with the suction valves, I proceed as
above. The recipient which receives the condensed vapours may be so
graduated as to show the quantity distilled.
.
Preparing and rectifying volatile oils or essences.-I place the flowers or
other matters containing the aromatic volatile oils in glass, china, or enamelled
receivers, adding, if necessary, alcohol, ether, sulphuret, or water, and proceed
in the manner above described. The oil is collected in a florentine receiver.
I rectify the oils or essences in the same way.
Extraction of sulpuret from scoured wools.-I place the wool scoured by
means of sulphuret of carbon or benzine in boxe
in boxes or chambers provided with
openings in their lower parts these openings communicate with the suction
3

page_text: valves of pumps or bellows, and the vapours are condensed and collected as
above.
Simple evaporation. For this purpose I employ.. pumps. or bellows, the
capacity of which varies according to circumstances. This capacity may be
ás great as 1,000 quarts or more for each of them, only the vapours are
thrown out; thus I prepare colouring extracts for dying, which keep better
and keep finer colours, which the heat often partly deteriorates. I prepare in
the same way the medicinal extracts. I employ the same process for drying
threads and tissues after washing, with this difference, that. I place them in
large boxes or rooms to which the air may be rendered at will, and even; if
necessary, establish a current of hot or cold dry air.
Dessication of meat or vegetables. In order to keep meat and vegetables
in a fresh state I place them in closed boxes and operate as above.
Ventilation. In order to ventilate places in which the air penetrates with
difficulty, such as cellars, holds of vessels, and similar places, I take the
outside air by means of the suction valves of pumps or bellows, and introduce
it by the driving valves, either in large volumes or divided, and in this case
the disengaging tubes serve for carrying off the foul air.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I claim,-
Firstly, preparing powders, flours, or meals deprived of oil by means of
sulphuret of carbon.
Secondly, extracting their oils by the vacuum or by distillation.
And, thirdly, applying the vacuum to "distilling, evaporating, dessicating,
and-ventilating.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerin Gabriel Boggio, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.