Reversible Windows.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1899-Accepted, 22nd July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Reversible Windows.
A communication from WILLIAM THEODORE WATERSTRAAT, Manufacturer, of
59, Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of London,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:--
This invention relates to the class of reversible windows in which the sash
is pivotally supported at its side-stiles between sliding stiles confined in vertical
grooves in the window-frame to adapt the sash to be swung through a vertical
plane for access to the outer side by presenting it to the interior of the apartment
containing the window for convenience in cleaning, glazing and painting it.
The primary object of the invention is to provide a pivoted construction of
such a window, which shall afford thorough closure to the space in the plane it
occupies between the side-stiles of the sash and respectively adjacent sliding
stiles, thus to exclude draft and prevent the light shining through said space.
Referring to the accompanying drawings-
Sheet 1 Figure 1 shows the inner side of a window equipped with pivot-
plates for accomplishing the aforesaid object; Figures 2, 3 and 4 are enlarged
Sections respectively on lines 2, 3 and 4 of Figure 1; Figures 5 and 6 are enlarged
sections respectively on lines 5 and 6 of Figure 3, each showing a different pivot-
plate in elevation; and Figures 7 and 8 are perspective views respectively of
a sliding stile and a sash stile.
Sheet 2: Figure 9 shows a single-sash window in front elevation provided
with another form of the pivoted construction; Figures 10, 11 and 12 are
enlarged sections on Figure 9, taken respectively at the lines 10, 11 and 12;
and Figure 13 is an enlarged section on the line 13 of Figures 9, 10 and 11.
On Sheet 1, A is a window-frame containing a lower sash Band an upper
sash B', to each of which this improvement is applicable though the lower sash
only is shown equipped therewith.
In vertical grooves provided in the sides of the frame are confined sliding
stiles CC each provided with an offset extending throughout the length of its
exposed side forming a shoulder p. From a point about midway between the
ends of each sliding stile, abutting against the shoulder p, there extends to the
lower end thereof a strip thicker than the shoulder to protrude beyond its
face a shoulder o facing toward the outer side of the window-frame. Near the
transverse center of each sliding stile is formed in its exposed side a recess n
projecting into the shoulder and adapted to receive a pivot-plate 1).
In the side of each sash-stile C¹ there is provided an offset forming a shoulder p¹,
abutting against which is a thicker strip forming a shoulder o protruding
beyond the shoulder and facing the outer side of the window; and each sash-
stile contains a recess adapted to receive a pivot-plate D¹.
Each pivot-plate has flat sides provided with screw-holes, a straight edge
:

page_text: having a flange m, straight upper and lower edges, as shown at t, and a bowed
back-edges, shown at t Near the front edges of the opposing faces of the
two plates are bosses 1, that on one plate having a pivot-hole and that on the
other carrying a rigid pivot-pin D to enter said hole, in which it is fastened
against withdrawal but in a manner to permit the plates to turn one upon the
other. A laterally extending curved flange is provided about the bowed inner
edge of the plate D¹.
When the sash B is in place with the pivot-plates in their recesses n n¹
and connected near their inner edges by the pivot 1, the shoulders o' abut
outward against and form weather-excluding rabbet-joints with the upper parts
of shoulders ; and the lower parts of these shoulders (below the pivot-plate
recesses) abut inward against and form similar joints with the shoulders o
on the sliding-stiles. The flanges m on the pivot-plates meet at their opposing
edges, and at their outer edges they lap slightly the faces of the sliding-stiles
and sash-stiles; and the bowed flange on each plate fits in the correspondingly
shaped back of the portion of the corresponding sliding-stile recess n, which
extends in the shoulder p, overlapping said "back to close the back of the
space between co-operating pivot-plates and excluding draft and light between
them.
To turn the sash B it is swung upon its pivots, thereby turning
the shoulders o inward away from the shoulders and the shoulders p¹ out-
ward away from the shoulders o; and pivoting the plates near their front edges
enables the sash to be conveniently turned around completely.
b
The construction illustrated on Sheet 2 of the drawings involves a cam-like
shouldered face on the meeting-surfaces of the sash-stiles and yielding bearings
which afford a thoroughly weather-proof joint between them. According to this
construction the grooves ŕ confining the sliding stiles C are each deeper than the
thickness of the stile to enable the latter to yield outwardly for the purpose
hereinafter described. Midway between its ends each sliding stile contains a
transverse opening & confining a thimble e having the internal annular flange c¹.
Along the exposed face of each sliding stile there extends behind (toward the
outer side of the window) its longitudinal center, from its upper end to the
opening b, a straight shoulder d; and from that shoulder toward the inner
side of the window the surface of the stile is straight partway across and thence
bulging in cross-section. From the opening to the lower end of the stile C
there extends forward (toward the inner side of the window) of its longitudinal
center, a straight shoulder from which, toward the outer side of the window,
the surface of this stile is the same shape in cross-section as that extending from
the shoulder d.
From the transverse centers of the sash-stiles C there project outward the
pivot-pins f into the thimbles e in the sliding stiles, in which the pivots find
bearing at bosses f¹ upon them, abutting against the flanges c'; and about the
pivots are confined coiled springs c. On the outer face of each sash-stile is.
formed a straight shoulder extending from its upper end to the pivot f at a
distance from the side of the stile which faces the room corresponding with the
width of a shoulder d; and from the shoulder toward the inner side of the
window the surface of the stile in cross-section is bulging partway across, and
thence straight. From the pivot f to the lower end of each stile C₁there extends
a straight shoulder at a distance outward (from the room) from the inner side
of the stile corresponding with the transverse width of the shoulder on a
sliding stile; and from the shoulder toward the outer side of the stile its
surface is shaped in cross-section the same as that extending from the
shoulder d¹.
When, therefore, the window-sash is closed, the shoulders d d' on the meeting-
faces of the sliding and sash stiles abut, as do the shoulders d³ ³. The springs e
press the sliding stiles yieldingly against the sash-stiles to hold the abutting

page_text: shoulders together and produce thorough waterproof closure of the joints between
said meeting faces.
By turning the sash on its pivot-supports the bulging sections of the surfaces
of the sash-stiles respectively above and below the planes of the pivots and for-
ward and backward of the sash-stile shoulders are turned against the adjacent
bulging sections of the surfaces of the sliding stiles respectively forward of and
behind the shoulders d thereon. These bulging sections on the said meeting-
surfaces thus act as cams against each other to force the sliding stiles, against
opposition from the springs e, further into the grooves r to permit the stiles C,
in turning the window-sash, to pass them; and in re-turning the sash to normal
position the recoil force of the springs replaces the sliding-stiles to abut their
shoulders against those on the sash-stiles.
This improvement, in either of its described forms, is also applicable to a
window-sash pivotally supported at its upper and lower rails to swing on a
vertical axis through a horizontal plane; though the stiles are not then
arranged to slide, but afford bearings for the pivots.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
In a reversible window, the combination with the sliding-stiles or other
pivot-bearings confined in grooves in the window-frame, and the window-sash,
of recesses in the faces of said bearings, pivot-plates secured in said recesses,
pivot-plates secured to the sash-stiles and having flanges on their back-edges
overlapping said bearing-recesses, and pivot-pins connecting the sash and
bearing plates near their front edges.
2 In a reversible window, the combination with the sliding-stiles or other
pivot-bearings confined in grooves in the window-frame, and the window-sash,
of recesses in the faces of such bearings, pivot-plates secured in said recesses,
pivot-plates secured in the sash-stiles having flanges on their back-edges
overlapping said recesses, pivot-pins connecting the plates near their front edges,
and meeting-flanges on the front edges of each pair of plates overlapping the
adjacent stiles.
In a reversible window, the combination of sliding-stiles or other pivot-
bearings confined in grooves in the window-frame and having longitudinal
shoulders near the centers of their faces, recesses near their transverse centers
extending into said shoulders, and shoulders o extending from said recesses
and facing oppositely to said shoulders p, pivot-plates in said recesses, a window-
sash having its stiles provided with longitudinal shoulders near the centers
of their faces, recesses near their transverse centers extending into said
shoulders p, and shoulders o' extending from the recesses to the lower ends
of the sash-stiles and facing oppositely to said shoulders p, pivot-pins connecting
the plates near their front edges and flanges on the back-edges of the plates on
the sash-stiles overlapping the recesses in said sliding-stiles or other bearings.
4 As means for pivotally supporting in place a reversible window, a plate D
having a bowed edge, a plate D having a bowed edge t¹ provided with a
curved flange, and a pivot-pin D2 connecting said plates near their forward
edges.
5 In a reversible window the combination with the sliding-stiles or other
pivot-bearings confined in grooves in the window-frame, and the window-sash,
of recesses in the faces of said bearings, pivot-plates secured in said recesses
and having the straight, flanged front edges and bowed rear edges, pivot-plates
secured to the sash-stiles and having the straight, flanged front edges and bowed
and flanged rear edges, and pivot-pins connecting said plates near their front
edges.
.
G-In a reversible window, the combination of a sash, sliding-stiles or other
pivot-bearings yieldingly confined in grooves in the window-frame and in which

page_text: said sash is pivotally supported, and mutually abutting shoulders and co-operating
cam-surfaces on the meeting-faces of said sash and bearings.
7-In a reversible window, the combination of a sash, sliding-stiles or other
pivot-bearings confined in grooves in the window-frame and having inward and
outward play therein, pivot-pins projecting from the sash into said bearings
and provided with springs holding together the meeting-faces of the said-rails
and said bearings, and mutually abutting shoulders and co-operating cam-
surfaces on said meeting-faces.
8. In a reversible window, the combination of a sash having opposite stiles pro-
vided with pivot-pins and with shoulders d d and cam-surfaces on their faces,
sliding-stiles, in which said pivot-pins have bearing, confined in grooves in
the sides of the window-frame to have inward and outward play therein,
shoulders d and cam-surfaces on the faces of said sliding-stiles, and springs
confined against said sliding-stiles to hold their shouldered cam-faces in meeting
contact with the shouldered cam-faces of said sash-stiles.
Dated this 19th day of June 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.