IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Parker, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar,
North Britain, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREADS,"
Sealed the 31st March 1864, and dated the 22nd October 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Parker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd October 1863.
I, CHARLES PARKER, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREADS," to be
as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates essentially to the combination of the pirn and cop
winding systems in one, but in addition it involves arrangements of machinery
which may or may not be employed or applied for the purposes herein-before
referred to. The framing of the machine is of the open rectangular kind, and
the spindles which work horizontally are arranged in double-banked order,
The whole are driven from one main central shaft, which operates frictionally
or otherwise upon the pinions or frictional cones attached to the sockets, which
are connected with and drive the actual spindles which pass through them.
These spindles are fitted up with suitable arrangements for doffing, and they
have also conical guides for arranging the build of the "pirn cop." The

page_text: building of the "pirn cop" is effected partly by a small pirn or holder, which
forms the solid bottom of the "pirn cop," and partly upon the spindle, so
that we combine the pirn and the cop build together,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Parker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th April 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
PARKER, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and' successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Charles Parker, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
Parker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Parker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the terin therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREADS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Parker, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, or
under the hand and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Parker, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings.
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates essentially to the combination of the pirn and cop
winding systems in one,but in addition it involvesarrangements of machinery
which may or may not be applied for the purposos herein-before referred to,

page_text: The framing of the machine is of the open rectangular kind, and the spindles
which work horizontally are arranged in double-banked order. The whole are
driven from one main central shaft, which operates frictionally, or otherwise
upon the pinions or frictional cones attached to the sockets which are con-
nected with and drive the actual spindles which pass through them. These
spindles are fitted up with suitable arrangements for dofting, and they have
also conical guides for arranging the build of the " pirn cop."
The
building of the "pirn cop is effected partly by a pirn or holder which
forms the solid bottom of the "pirn cop," aud partly upon the spindle, so
that I combine the pirn and the cop build together.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I
shall now proceed to describe one of the best systems or modes that I am
acquainted with for practically carrying it into effect, reference being had to
the several Figures upon the explanatory Sheet of Drawings which I have
hereunto appended.
l
Figure represents a sectional elevation of an ordinary winding machine,
in. which the spindles are arranged horizontally, and constructed suitably
for winding yarns into "pirn cops;" Figure 2 is an enlarged elevation of
the holder on which the "pirn cop" is built; Figure 3 is an enlarged
plan of a portion of the spindle on which the holder is placed, with the
thread or yarn wound thereon in the form of a "pirn cop; " Figure 4 being
a longitudinal section of the same.
In Figure 1, the framing A is of the open rectangular kind, several of which
are jointed together at the requisite distance apart, by the several longitudinal
rails or girders B, shown in transverse section in various parts of the Figure.
Running in bearings along the whole length of the frames is the driving
shaft C,to which the necessary rotatory motion is imparted in any convenient
manner from an approximate prime mover, at certain distances along this
shaft C are keyed or otherwise fixed the bevilled friction wheels C¹ for actuating
the friction pinions Don the hollow spindles or sockets E, these spindles being
carried in suitable bearings in the upper rails B¹. Passing through the
hollowdriving spindle or socket E is the solid spindle F, the further or outer
end of which, or that portion passing through the conical shaper G, is made
taper. On this portion the pirn or cop holder G¹ is placed. The inner or
back ends of the solid spindles F bear against flat plates formed on the upper
bent ends of the reciprocating levers H, these levers at their lower ends H¹
being counterbalanced by the adjustable weights I, so as to cause their upper
ends to press continually against the end of the spindles F, which thus cause
the pirn cop"to be tightly wound from continual pressure against the conical

page_text: shaper & as the yarn is being wound on. On the ends of the spindle F
nearest the central parts of the machine are formed the duplex annular collars
F, and in the space between them fits the end of a prong fixed on the sliding
rod J, the use of this being to enable the attendant when pushing back the
rod J, to move with it at the same time the spindle F for the purpose of
doffing the "pirn cop" from off the spindle, and also for placing thereon a
fresh "pirn cop" holder. When the "pirn cop" is fully built on the spindle F,
the attendant by means of the sliding rod Lon which a prong is fixed, fitting
into the annular space between the collars E¹ on the outer hollow spindle or
socket E, causes its revolution to cease by pulling the handle, so as to break
the frictional contact between the driving wheels C and the pinions D, and
when it is desired to start the spindle again, the handle L is released, and the
pinion D simultaneously brought into working contact with the wheel C¹ by
means of the helical spring M. The right-hand side of the machine in the
Drawing is shown winding from a bobbin N, whilst the left-hand side is
shown winding from a reel N¹, suitable brackets being formed in the lower
part of the framing A to support the reels. When the yarn is wound from a
bobbin, as at N, an alteration of the mechanism is made, which consists in
fixing the bobbin spindle on an adjustable bracket or rail O, this being again
secured by a bolt to the adjustable sliding frame P. The laying-on arms or
levers Q on either side of the frame are fixed on the oscillating, or it may be
horizontally reciprocating shafts Q¹, actuated by means of a rod or rods
extending to levers, worked by a "heart cam" of the usual construction fixed
on to the main central driving shaft C; this latter arrangement is not shown in
the Drawings. On that side of the machine where the yarn is being wound
from the bobbin N, it, instead of passing direct to the guiding and friction
studs or rods R, first passes over a guiding eye or stud in a spring S, secured
at its end to a rail T fixed to the frames A by suitable standards, thence
round the friction or guiding studs and rod R, whence it passes to the laying-
on finger Q, thence to the "pirn cop" holder and 'spindle on which it is being
wound. The "pirn cop" it is evident may also be wound in machines in
which the spindles are arranged vertically or otherwise,but I have shown it in
the hereunto appended Sheet of Drawings as being wound on horizontal
spindles only, which arrangement Ideem sufficient to illustrate my Invention.
In Figure 2 is shown one form of pirn cop holder G¹, by preference made
of wood, and of the angular form of the "root" or lower part of an ordinary
pirn, with the "stem" as it were cut away, and fitting the shaper Q, or the
angle at which the pirn is laid on the "pirn cop" throughout its building or
winding; it is however evident that many other forins of such holder, con-

page_text: structed of various other materials, would answer nearly as well to begin the
winding of the "pirn cop" upon, so as to give stability for doffing, and holding
it in the shuttle in weaving, and combining many of the advantages both of
the pirn and cop in one which constitutes the main feature of my Invention.
In Figures 3 and 4, and especially in the longitudinal section, Figure 4,
is seen the combined pirn and cop, or what I prefer to term the "pirn cop.'
It will be seen that the lower part of thread or yarn V is wound upon
the holder G2, whilst the upper portion of the yarn is wound upon the conical
spindle F. By this combination the cop is capable of being placed on the
spindle in the shuttle in the same manner as it is usual to place pirns
thereon, and the yarn is also unwound in a similar manner.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion, that I do not confine myself to the precise details I have
had occasion to describe, as many variations may be made therefrom without
deviating from the true principles or main features of my Invention; but
what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the general arrangement or construction of machinery, apparatus, or
means for the purpose of winding "pirn cops," or the combination of the pirn
and cop in one as herein-before described, or any mere modification thereof.
Second, the winding or forming of "pirn cops," or any mere modifi-
cation thereof, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Parker, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-four.
CHARLES PARKER. (L.S.)