Improvements in Machines for Breaking or Crushing Ore, Stone, or other Hard Substance.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Breaking or Crushing Ore, Stone, or
other Hard Substance.
We, FREDERICK CLENCH of the city of Lincoln, Mechanical Engineer and JOSEPH
COATES, of the said city of Lincoln, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain detail improvements in machines for breaking or
crushing ore, stone, or other hard substance.
For the purpose of our invention, we suspend or support the moveable jaw it or
or from the lower part upon an eccentric or cam shaft capable of adjustment by a
simple turning action from a hand lever.
The motion of the moveable jaw is obtained by a pitman through toggle plates
at the top thereof.
By this invention, we dispense with the usual screw and wedge arrangement and
consequently reduce the weight and cost of the machine; it also enables the attendant
to make a more accurate and reliable adjustment, because the adjustment is made
near the crushing jaws where full view of the crushed material is obtained; further,
this position of the adjusting cam shaft near the outlet of the crushing jaws, prevents
the escape of the uncrushed pieces of material, because of the small movement at
the part of the crushing jaw when it is drawn back; therefore the crushed material
will be of uniform size and little or no screening of material is required after it is
discharged from the machine,
Dated this 3rd day of Angust 1888.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Frederick Clench and
Joseph Coates.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Breaking or Crushing Ore, Stone, or
other Hard Substance.
We, FREDERICK CLENCH of the city of Lincoln, Mechanical Engineer and JOSEPH
COATES of the said city of Lincoln, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention applies to that class of Crusher with swing jaw which reduces the
material between its fluted faces. It has for its object the following advantages viz.,
n better arrangement of its mechanical movements, less weight, easy to transport,
while the work done is better because it has a greater mechanical advantage at that
part where the work is done, it is less expensive by reason of the fewer number of
parts, and its working parts are more accessible.
To make this better understood the following is an explanation of the parts shown
on the drawing.
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation.
Figure 2 is a section through the adjusting cam shaft of swing jaw lever.
Figure 3 is a plan and elevation of bracket in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a section through adjusting cam shaft and swing jaw lever.
Figure 5 is a plan of bracket d in Figure 4.
Figure 6 is an end elevation of bracket din Figure 4.
Figure 7 is a section through adjusting shaft and swing jaw, showing eccentric
bushes on adjusting shaft.
Figure 8 is a side elevation of machine with adjusting can shaft worked by an
endless screw and wheel.
A, represents the frame of the machine. B, back distance piece between sides of
frame. C, swing jaw lever adjusting cam shaft. D, front distance piece between
sides of frame. F, fixed crushing jaw. H, pitman cam shaft. J, swing crushing
jaw. L, swing jaw lever. P, pitman. R, draw back rod for swing jaw lever.
S, delivery shoot. T, toggles. W, fly wheel. b, bracket supporting adjusting cam
shaft. d, bracket supporting adjusting cam shaft. e, bracket supporting adjusting
cani bushes. g, adjusting cam bushes. h, hole in adjusting cam shaft for pin.
1, lever for moving adjusting cam shaft. n, nut.'
This invention consists of a toggle joint arrangement P, T, T, combined with a
swing jaw. lever L having a movable fulcrum C.
Figure 1 shows the above combined arrangement, the pitman cam shaft H raises
the pitman P to the extent of the travel of the cam H. In the descent of the
pitman P, the toggles T are pressed against the long arm of swing jaw lever L, and
forces the crushing jaw J against or-towards-the crushing jaw and reduces the
material.

page_text: In the ascent of the pitman P the space between the toggles T is reduced, this
allows the swing jaw lever I to be drawn back by the draw bick rod R, which has
an india rubber washer or steel spring a at the end, when the swing jaw lever is
drawn back the crushed material is free to fall on the shoot S.
It will thus be seen that advantage is taken of the energy of the falling weight of
the pitman P which being transmitted to the long arm of the combined swing jaw
lever L. exerts a great force on the material at the point m through a short distance
at that particular stage when the material has been reduced to small pieces and requires
a great force for its final reduction. Thus by this mechanical combination, a great
saving of power is effected, and a greater quantity of reduced material is obtained.
Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 illustrate the construction of the swing jaw lever adjusting
cam shaft C. In Figure 2 it is carried on two brackets & bolted to the side of the
machine frame A in which it is free to turn, these bearings are not concentric with the
middle of the shaft C, so that when the lever 1, Figure 2, is turned part of a revolution
the swing jaw lever L is raised or lowered, brought nearer or further from the fixed
crushing jaw F, the distance between the crushing jaws J and F being adjusted
according to size of material required. This arrangement dispenses with the usual
screw and wedge arrangement, and consequently reduces the weight and cost of the
machine, it also enables the attendant to make a more accurate and reliable adjust-
ment, because the adjustment is made near the crushing jaws where full view of the
material being crushed is obtained.
Further, this position of the adjusting cam shaft C near the outlet of the crushing
jaws prevents the escape of uncrushed pieces of material, because of the small move-
ment of the part of the crushing jaw at m when it is drawn back. Therefore the
crushed material will be of more uniform size, and little or no screening of material
is required after it is discharged from the machine.
Figure 3 is a plan and elevation of the bracket showing the teeth-like projections
on the face, the lever has similar projections fitting into the projections of bracket ó.
Now when the nut nis tightened against the lever 1, the cam C is held in a fixed
position, thus maintaining the space between the jaws J, F, at m at the desired distance
for crushing material to any desired size.
Figure 4 is a section through the adjusting cam shaft C and swing jaw L showing
another form for holding the cam shaft in a fixed position, and maintaining any
desired distance between the crushing jaws J, F. This is done by having half round
slots in the face of the bracket & which correspond in diameter with the hole h. into
which a pin fits tightly. By turning the can shaft until the jaws are at the
desired distance and then inserting the pin through the face of bracket d, and into a
corresponding hole in the cam shaft, the cam shaft and bracket d are held
together, and the jaws are kept in the required position. Figures 5 and 6 are plan
and elevation of the bracket d.
Figure 7 is a section through the fulcrum of swing jaw, showing the cams 9 loose
on the shaft C. The outside of these cam bushes are eccentric with the axis of the
shaft C but concentric with the bracket e which are fixed to the frame of the machine
and have their holes fixed eccentric to the axis of the shaft C, so that when it is
desired to increase or diminish the distance between the faces of the crushing jaws,
this can be done by turning the cam bushes until the desired distance is obtained.
Figure 8 shows the mechanism on a wooden frame. In this arrangement the
distance between the faces of the crushing jaws is regulated by means of an endless
worm and wheel, the wheel being fixed to the cam shaft U, and the worm supported
by brackets having a spindle and hand. wheel at one end as shown in the drawing.
It will thus be seen that by these arrangements, while the machine is at work the
attendant can by merely turning a hand wheel or lover adjust the inachine crushing
faces to any desired distance and thus cause the material to be reduced to any required
size without stopping the machine, and the movement at in being so small it forms
a gauge, thus preventing any large pieces passing the machine and also producing a
better and more uniform sample of material and effecting a great saving of labour by
not requiring so much subsequent classification.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combined toggle and swing jaw lever as here arranged to a stone, or ore
crusher as described and illustrated by Figures 1 and 8.
2. The cam arrangement or adjustinent of the two crushing faces, by means of the
moveable fulcrum of the swing jaw lever as described and as shown by the drawings,
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 as applied to a stone, or ore crusher.
The 3rd day of May 1889
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said F. Clench and
J. Coates.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said F. Clench and
J. Coates.