AN IMPROVED MATERIAL FOR FORMING OR LINING THE BEARINGS OF AXLES AND CADDAMIZED RUDDING DADS OF MACHINEDY
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Burley, of Lower Thames Street, in the
City of London, Iron and Brass Founder, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED MATERIAL FOR FORMING OR LINING THE BEARINGS OF AXLES AND
CADDAMIZED RUDDING DADS OF MACHINEDY"
Sealed the 22nd July 1862, and dated the 31st March 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Burley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
March 1862.
I, RICHARD BURLEY, of Lower Thames Street, in the City of London,
Iron and Brass Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MATERIAL FOR FORMING OR LINING THE BEARINGS OF AXLES AND
SHAFTS, AND OTHER RUBBING PARTS OF MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improved material for forming or lining
the bearing of axles and shafts, and other rubbing parts of machinery. The
bearings of axles and shafts and other rubbing parts of machinery are now
usually made or lined with such metallic compounds as to reduce the friction
as far as possible, and to lessen the wear of the parts.
According to my Invention, I employ for this purpose an alloy consisting of
iron, copper, tin, and zinc combined with a small quantity of sulphur, and

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Burley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE. PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
BURLEY, of Lower Thames Street, in the City of London, Iron and Brass
Founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,.by.Her. Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first-day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
lid, for Herself, Her beirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Burley, Her special licence that I, the said Richard Burley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as. I, the said Richard
Burley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MATERIAL FOR FORMING OR LINING THE BEARING OF AXLES AND SHAFTS, AND
OTHER RUBBING PARTS OF MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Richard Burley, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention;
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent."
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Burley, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed;
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, that is to say:-

page_text: the bearing of axles and shafts and other rubbing parts of machinery. The
bearings and axles of shafts and other rubbing parts of machinery are now
usually made or lined with such metallic compound as to reduce the friction
as far as possible, and to lessen the wear of the parts.
According to my Invention, I employ for the purpose an alloy consisting of
iron, copper, tin, and zinc combined with a small quantity of sulphur, and
sometimes also of arsenic. The materials may conveniently be employed in
the following proportions:-
Iron
Copper
Tin
2 parts.
28
"
40
Zinc
Sulphur
· Arsenic
-
130 parts.
11,
1
If the arsenic be omitted, the quantity of sulphur should be increased. The
proportions above given may be considerably varied, such being the object
and nature of: my Invention.
I will now proceed to describe the manner of carrying the same into effect.
In carrying my Invention in effect, I first take from thirty-two to forty
parts of copper, then from two to seven parts of iron; then from fifteen to
twenty parts of tin; then from one to two parts of sulphur, and from one half
part to one part of arsenic, and mix or combine them together in a crucible
or any other suitable vessel, by first fusing or melting the copper; then add
the iron thereto, well mixing them together; then add the sulphur or the
sulphur and arsenic, as the case may be, and again well mix them afterwards,
add the tin, stirring the whole well together, and cast into ingots. (I would
here remark that, as regards the use of sulphur, I do not intend in all cases
to employ it in manufacture of my improved material; for example, in some
cases it may be used as a flux to render the amalgamation of the metals or
alloys more perfect in other cases, it may be used to render the alloy hard,
the quantity of sulphur being varied in the portions above stated according
to circumstances. I also employ the arsenic either separately or in con-
junction with the sulphur for the same purposes, as above stated, for the use
of sulphur varying the proportion.) I use these materials to form my
first alloy or hardening metal, but the above-named quantities may be
varied to give this alloy the necessary degree of hardness according to the
purpose for which the improved material or alloy is to be applied. This forms
the first part of the process I employ in the manufacture of my improved
material.
In conducting the second part of my process, I take from eight to sixteen
parts of the alloy or hardening metal above described, and melt it in a

page_text: crucible or other suitable vessel, and when melted, I add thereto from seventy-
six to one hundred and two parts of the best spelter or zinc; when that is
melted and mixed with alloy, or hardening metal above named, I add thereto
from twelve to eighteen, parts of tin;; the whole is then well mixed or com
bined together in order to make the improved material or alloy complete; then
cast it in the usual manner into the various forms as required.
I claim for my Invention of an improved material for forming or lining the
bearings of axles and shafts and other rubbing. parts of machinery the use
the metals, semi-metals, or alloys, as above described, whether formed mixed
or combined together, or by two separate processes, as above described, or by
one process, as the same may be done; but in practice I have found the
manner of combination the most effective in preparing this improved material
or alloy, to first make the alloy or hardening metal as above described, and
then to add the other parts thereto, as described in the second part of my
process, also above stated.
7
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Burley, hath hereunto set my
ど hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
WILLIAM. LEVETT,
10, Basinghall St., London,
Patent Agent & Accountant.
RP. BURLEY: (L.s.)