Improvements in Machines for Forming Articles from Wood-pulp and other Fibrous Material.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 22nd Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Forming Articles from Wood-pulp
and other Fibrous Material.
I, PETER JENSEN, of 77, Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, which invention has been communicated
to me from abroad by Carl Christensen of Christiania, Norway, Merchant, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines for forming articles such as pails, jars, basins etc.
from wood-pulp and other fibrous materials.
By
The object of the invention is to so construct and arrange the parts of said machines,
as to improve the general working of the same. In part the invention consists in
substituting for the flexible rubber bag, which has heretofore been used as an outer
form, and whereby the hydraulic pressure was imparted to the pulp, a form, the
upper part of which is made of metal and the lower part only of rubber.
constructing the form in this manner, the rubber will not be so liable to wear out
as in the former case. The invention consists also in a
new arrangement and
construction of the hydraulic lift, serving to move the inner form up and down, by
which arrangement the pressure exerted on the form during the forming operation is
transmitted through the walls of the hydraulic cylinder directly down to the frame of
the machine. The invention further consists in arrangements for automatically
knocking the formed article out from the form, when this latter is lowered down.
In the annexed drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section through a machine embody-
ing the invention; Figures 2 and 3 are cross sections through the lifting cylinder
right above the locking ring, showing the latter in its two different positions. Figure 4
shows a modification of the press, in which no flexible diaphragm is used.
Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3:
the
upper
and
The frame of the machine consists of the bottom piece A, serving at the same-
time as a guide for the lift cylinder, and an upper hood-shaped piece B, which is
provided with a pressure-chamber, and four strong bolts C connecting
lower frame piece rigidly. On the lower side of the pressure-chamber B, is holted
by means of screws and the ring d, a rubber-diaphragm D, to which by means of
screws and the ring d the form D₁ is secured. The said form D' has a central
stud 6', which is carried through the crossbar b and serves as a guide for the form D¹
so that it will always move parallel to itself.
The perforated form E, conforming to the inner form of the article to be formed,
is mounted on the press table F, which is carried by the hydraulic cylinder K which
latter is movable, and whose plunger G is secured to the bottom of the hollow frame
piece A, serving also as supply-pipe for the cylinder K. The cylinder has on its
outside four brackets h, that slide in grooves in the frame A and also through similar
grooves in a ring H; placed on top of the frame A.
When the cylinder has been raised to its uppermost position this ring H may he
turned by means of a handle, so that it will take the position, shown in Figures 1 and 3,
whereby the cylinder is locked in position.
On the top of the press table in an annular groove is laid a ring k connected with
a ring I below the press table, by means of staybolts (not shown) so that by pushing
the ring I upwards the ring k will be lifted. In the ring k are also screwed the
pipes for supplying pulp between the forms.
The apparatus works as follows. The pipes i are by means of rubber hose con-
nected with the pulp-pump. When pulp has been pumped in between the forms E
and D D¹, so that the latter has risen to its upper position, the pulp inlet is closed,
and water is supplied to the pressure-chamber, through the pipe c, and by means of

page_text: very great hydraulic pressure the pulp compressed between the forms, the water
running through the perforations of the form E, and through holes in the press-table.
When the article has been formed, the ring H is turned to the position shown in
Figure 2, and the cylinder K with the table and the form E and the pressed article is
let down; the ring I then will strike the ring H and the article on the form E will be
lifted off from the said form by the ring K, and is removed. Then water is let
through the plunger G into the cylinder K which again rises and is locked by means
of the ring H. The same play will now again take place.
If the machine is to be constructed for making pails the form D is made, flat,
answering to the bottom of the pail and the rubber diafragın D is carried up. and used
to form the sides of the pail as will be easily understood.
Instead of constructing the ring H so that it is turned for locking the cylinder, it
may be constructed in two halves, which are separated from each other, when the
cylinder is to be unlocked. Figure 4 shows a modification of the press the lifting
apparatus being omitted. This press is preferably used for small articles and has no
rubber diaphragm. The top form B¹ has a lower cylindrical part, in which fits the
inner porous form E¹ being provided with packing ring N. The inner form E
mounted on a bottom socket M has a separate top piece e, that is carried by a central
rod mounted on the end of a lever m. The pulp is let in through the pipe O
(provided with automatic valve o) whereby the two forms are separated from each
other sufficiently to give the required thickness of pulp material by compression.
The bottom socket M may be placed on a press table like F (Figure 1) or may he
placed on the piston of a hydraulic press. When the article is pressed, and the
forms separated, the article is loosened from the form E¹ by touching the lever m,
whereby the top parte of the form is raised.
The construction of the details of the presses may of course be varied in many
respects according to the size and shape of the articles to be manufactured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is.:-
First. In machines for forming articles from wood pulp and other fibrous material,
in which pulp is pumped in between two forms, and then compressed by means of
hydraulic pressure, the combination of an inner porous form with an outside form,
composed of an elastic diaphragm and a metallic central part the latter being provided
with means for guiding substantially as set forth.
Second. In machines for forming articles from fibrous material, the combination
with a press-table carrying the inner porous form, of a hydraulic cylinder, arranged
directly underneath the press-table and following it in its movement, and being
provided with brackets that correspond with a ring placed on the frame around the
cylinder and serve to lock the cylinder rigidly in its upmost position substantially as
set forth.
Third. In machines for forming articles from fibrous material the combination of
the ring k, with the ring I, whereby the pressed article is automatically loosened from
the form, when the press table is lowered substantially as set forth.
"
Fourth. In machines for forming articles from fibrous material 'the modification of
the forms as illustrated in figure 4 where the inner form is made in two parts, of
which the top part is mounted on top of a rod / connected with a lever m for the
purpose of loosening the pressed article from the form substantially as set forth.
Dated this Sixth day of February 1890
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents..