Improvements in Pneumatic and other Hammers and Stamps.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic and other Hammers and Stamps.
I, DANIEL LONGWORTH, Member of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers,
London, British Subject, and now residing at 2bis, Rue Simoneau, Boulogne-
sur-Mer, France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in pneumatic and other hammers and
stamps of the class described in the Specification of former Letters Patent granted
to me on the 14th July 1890, No. 10,963, and of the class described in the
Specification of former Letters Patent granted to Ernest Samuelson on the 4th
May 1896 No. 9381, and it comprises the following improvements; whilst retain-
ing the fixed regulating or controlling cylinder as therein described in the
Specifications of the aforesaid Letters Patents I dispense with the auxiliary
piston on the hammer rod and I arrange that the exterior of the moveable
actuating air cylinder serves as the piston of the fixed regulating or controlling
cylinder. By this improvement only one piston is required on the hammer rod,
which piston works inside of the moveable actuating air cylinder in the manner
described in the Specifications of Letters Patents above referred to.
The moveable actuating air cylinder may be moved up and down directly by a
crank motion or by any other suitable mechanism.
In order to control the blow of the hammer, I arrange that the space under the
hammer piston, in the moveable actuating air cylinder, may be always in com-
munication with the compression space under the piston in the fixed regulating
or controlling cylinder during the downward stroke of the hammer.
This communication I effect either by making the lower air holes of the
actuating air cylinder communicate direct with the compression space of the
fixed regulating cylinder, or by means of auxiliary ports and inlet valves in the
actuating air cylinder, or by any other suitable means.
Dated this 28th day of November 1898.
Improvements in Pneumatic and other Hammers and Stamps.
I, DANIEL LONGWORTH, Member of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers,
London, British Subject, now residing at 2bis, Rue Simoneau, Boulogne-sur-
Mer, France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in pneumatic and other hammers and

page_text: .
stamps of the class described in the Specification of former Letters Patent granted
to me on the 14th July 1890, No. 10,963, and of the class described in the
Specification of former Letters Patent granted to Ernest Samuelson on the 4th
May 1896 No. 9381, and it comprises the following improvements; whilst retain-
ing the fixed regulating or controlling cylinder described in the Specification of
the aforesaid Letters Patent, dated the 14th July 1890 No. 10963 I dispense
with the auxiliary piston on the hammer rod, and I arrange that the exterior
of the moveable actuating air cylinder serves as the piston of the fixed regulating
or controlling cylinder."
By this arrangement only one piston is required on the hammer rod, which
piston works inside of the moveable actuating air cylinder in the manner
described in the Specification of Letters Patent abové referred to. The moveable
actuating air cylinder may be moved up and down directly by a crank motion,
or by any other suitable mechanism.
In order to control the blow of the hammer I arrange that the space under the
hammer piston in the moveable actuating air cylinder may be always in com-
munication with the compression space under the piston in the fixed regulating
or controlling cylinder during the downward stroke of the hammer.
This communication I effect either by making the lower air holes of the
actuating air cylinder communicate direct with the compression space of the
fixed regulating cylinder, or by means of auxiliary ports and inlet valves in the
actuating air cylinder, or by any other suitable means; and in order that my
invention may be more readily understood, I annex the following drawings with
description of same.
Fig. 1, is a sectional side elevation of a long stroke pneumatic hammer.
Fig. 2, is a front elevation of a short stroke pneumatic hammer, whilst
Fig. 3, is a sectional side elevation of same.
The general description and working of the hammer is the same as described
in my Complete Specification No. 10963-1890 and the same letters refer to the
same parts in the different figures, as well as to the corresponding parts in the
above mentioned specification.
In my improvements as shown in the accompanying drawings, I make the
exterior of the actuating air cylinder to form the compression piston of the
fixed controlling cylinder S, and in some cases I form the compression piston by a
prolongation of the exterior of the actuating air cylinder or by a piston attached
to the exterior of the said actuating air cylinder.
As shown in Fig. 1 the actuating air cylinder 7 is moved up and down by means
of a pair of long links h one of which is shown in dotted lines; these links are
pivotally attached at one extremity to the top cover of the actuating air cylinder!
and at the other extremity to the outer end of the rocking lever e, the inner end
of the said rocking lever being driven by the crank shaft b through the connecting
rod b³.
In Figs. 2 and 3 the actuating air cylinder is moved up and down by means
of the crank shaft 6, and the connecting rod be the latter being pivotally attached
directly to the top cover of the actuating air cylinder 7.
I do not however confine myself to the driving mechanism above described,
as the actuating air cylinder 7 may be driven direct by the piston rod of a steam,
gas, or other motor, or in any other suitable manner.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the hammer rod K is furnished with only one
piston m which piston works inside of the actuating air cylinder / in the manner
described in my former Complete Specification No. 10963-1890.
The actuating air cylinder is provided with air holes 12, 13, the lower air
holes below the piston m communicate directly with the compression space
in the controlling cylinder S, so that the said lower air holes 12 serve not only
to admit air under the piston m to form the lifting cushion during the ordinary
working of the hammer when the controlling cylinder is inoperative, but they
also serve, when required, to admit the compressed air in the compression space

page_text: of the fixed controlling cylinder S into the actuating air cylinder below the
piston m during the downward stroke of the hammer, so as to arrest or regulate
the force of the blow, the said regulation being controlled by the slide valve v in
the manner described in the former Complete Specification above referred to.
The piston m therefore serves as an actuating piston during the ordinary
working of the hammer, and also as a controlling piston when it is required
to arrest or regulate the blow of the hammer.
When considerable variations are necessary in the thickness of the pallets or
hammer tools w and y the fixed controlling cylinder S and the connecting rod 6ª
with the actuating air cylinder 7 may be made adjustable vertically as shown in
Fig. 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
In a pneumatic or other power driven hammer or stamp, the combination with
a fixed controlling cylinder such as S of an actuating air cylinder such as 1,
the exterior or prolongation of the exterior or a piston attached to the exterior
of the said actuating air cylinder 7 forming the piston of the said controlling
cylinder S so that only one piston m is required on the hammer rod K.
Dated this 26th day of August 1899.