An Improved Non-explosive Saveall Paraffin Lamp.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 30th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Non-explosive Saveall Paraffin Lamp.
I WILLIAM FORSTER, 250 Clara Street New Benwell near Newcastle on
Tyne Northumberland Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
--
This invention relates to lamps used for general purposes paraffin and otherwise
and the invention consists of an improved plan whereby there can be no explosion
and no wasting of the oil or spilling in whatever position it might be either on its
side or upside down the lamp still contains the oil.
It is well known that the lamps hitherto in use when they are upset the oil runs
out and many accidents have taken place by this oil coming in contact with the
light and that many explosions have occurred when the lamp was in a standing
position and in many cases the wick of lamps hitherto in use has been turned out
of the screw when it has dropped into the oil in the bowl causing it to burst
and to set on fire anything that was near it. To avoid the above I have adopted
the following plans as shown by the drawing.
A. A is an opened bowl at the top containing oil to supply the wick.
B. B' is an empty outside shell or saveall around the bowl A. A¹.
D is two or more passages for the admission of cold air to the interior (riz.) to
the saveall B. B' and to the top of the oil in the bowl A. A and to the air
reservoir C. C¹.
C. C¹ is a chamber or reservoir to receive the cold air as it passes through the
passages D and forms the top part of the lamp, the bottom side of the same making
the top of outside shell or saveall B. B.
E' E' are small holes made in the lamp stand to admit cold air to the passages D.
EE are small holes in the top of air chamber C. C₁ for the discharge of any
explosive matter that might accumulate in the chamber C. C¹.
H is a small pin running through the wick crosswise in the chamber C. C' and
across the end of T to prevent the wick from falling into the oil if it should be
turned out of the screw.
T is a short piece of tube in the chamber C. C¹ through which the wick has to
pass to get to the bowl.
P. P. is a force pump to pump the oil back to the bowl A. A' from the
saveall B. B³.
The use of the air passage D to the lamp is to admit cold air to the interior and
to keep up a constant communication with the atmosphere and to effect an outward
pressure giving a continual outward current to the flame and by the air chamber C. C₁
the top part of the lamp is always cold that being the part of the lamps hitherto
in use which becomes heated and causes explosions.
It is obvious an explosion can only take place when something is closely confined
to a pressure beyond the resistance of the place in which it might be confined.
therefore in this invention it will be clearly seen by the drawing at D that there is
no close confinement.
It is clear that no oil can run out or escape from this lamp when it is turned
bottom side up and that the oil in the bowl A. A' will be instantly thrown or upset
away from the light into the saveall B. B' and that the light may burn although
the bottom side of the lamp has been turned to the top and that no explosion or
damage will follow.
Dated this 10th day of March 1891.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
An Improved Non-explosive Saveall Paraffin Lamp.
I WILLIAM FORSTER 250 Clara Street New Benwell near Newcastle on Tyne
Northumberland Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to lamps used for general purposes paraffin & otherwise
and the invention consists of an improved plan whereby there can be no explosion
and no wasting or spilling in whatever position it might be either on its side or
upside down the lamp still contains the oil.
It is well known that the lamps hitherto in use when they are upset the oil runs
out and many accidents have taken place by this oil coming in contact with the
light and that many explosions have occurred when the lamp was in a standing
position and in many cases the wick of lamps hitherto in use has been turned out
of the screw when it has dropped into the oil in the bowl causing it to burst and
to set on fire anything that was near it.
To avoid the above I have adopted the following plans as shown by the drawing
left with Provisional Specification.
A. A' is a bowl open at the top containing oil to supply the wick. B. B¹ is an
empty outside shell or save-all around the bowl A. A¹. D is two or more passages
for the admission of cold air to the interior (viz.) to the save-all B. B¹ and to the
top of the oil in the bowl A. A' and to the air reservoir C. C'. C. C' is a chamber or
reservoir to receive the cold air as it passes through the passages D and forms the
top part of the lamp the bottom side of the same making the top part of outside
shell or save-all B. B'. E' E' are small holes made in the lamp stand to admit
cold air to the passages D. E" E are small holes at the top of air chamber C. C¹
for the discharge of any explosive matter that might accumulate in the
chamber C. C. His a small pin running through the wick crosswise in the chamber
and across the end of T to prevent the wick from falling into the oil if it should
be turned out of the screw. T is a short piece of tube in the chamber C. C¹ through
which the wick has to pass to get to the bowl A. A¹. P. P. is a force pump to
pump the oil back to the bowl A. A¹ from the save-all B. B¹.
The use of the air passages D to the lamp is to admit cold air to the interior and
to keep up a constant communication with the atmosphere and to effect an
outward pressure giving a continual outward current to the flame and by the air
chamber C. C the top part of the lamp is always cold that being the part of
lamps hitherto in use which becomes heated and causes explosions.
It is obvious an explosion can only take place when something is closely confined
to a pressure beyond the resistance of the place in which it might be confined
therefore it will be clearly seen by the drawing left with Provisional Specification
at D that there is no close confinement.
It is also clear that no oil can run out or escape from this lamp when it is
turned bottom side up and that the oil in the bowl A. A' will be instantly thrown
or upset away from the light into the save-all B. B' and that the light may burn
although the bottom side of the lamp has been turned to the top and that no
explosion or damage will follow.
Having now particularly described the lamp and ascertained the nature of my
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is
1st. That the admission of the atmosphere to the interior whereby a constant
flow of cold air is maintained throughout the entire lamp and the weight of the
atmosphere in the chamber causes an outward pressure to the light which I claim
to be new in lamps.

page_text: 2nd. That by this invention of a lamp with one vessel enclosed within another
and in proportion to each other as 1 to 3. I claim the overturning of a paraffin
lamp with safety when it is lighted to be new.
3rd. I claim the pin crosswise through the wick in the chamber or bowl to
prevent wick from falling to be new.
Dated this 10th day of December 1891.
WILLIAM FORSTER.