MANUFACTURING COMPOUND FUEL
Year: 1885

page_text: ROBERT WALKER 32 Robinson Street Sunderland Co Durham formerly Colliery
Owner now Commission Agent do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
MANUFACTURING COMPOUND FUEL to be as follows:-
It consists of the mode of making, manufacturing & treating a compound
consisting of small coal or coal dust or duff combined by a certain process with
the shale oil of the cheaper class forming a compound fuel to be used in the
furnaces of the boilers of marine land and locomotive steam engines for raising
steam-I use the heavy oils only which remains after the lighter burning oils &
lubricating oils have been run off in the process of distilling the shale-I do not
use any coal tar, coal oil, pitch or any of the products of coal tar I do not form
the compound into blocks or "bricks" by machinery or any other mode-I do not
make this compound for the manufacture of illuminating gas-I grind or pulverise
the small coal or duff in an ordinary mortar mill, but I do not restrict myself to
this mode of grinding, I mix the oil in measured quantities, with the coal during
the process of grinding until the mixture forms a pasty consistency, but I do not
restrict myself to this mode of mixing; The quantity of oil used varies from 30
to 60 gallons pr ton of coal used which will be found to vary according to be
amount of moisture in the coal, the dryest and cleanest bituminous coal is preferred
coal cinders or breeze may be substituted for coal when found convenient but coal
is preferable-In winter the heavy oil in the tank & pipes connected are apt to
cease running, to remedy this I insert several lengths of 1½ inch steam piping in
the tank, I connect the same with the steam boiler and when the steam is turned
on it raises the temperature of the oil very quickly which becomes fluid and is then
more easily absorbed by the ground coal After the grinding & mixing is completed
the compound is then removed to a place prepared for it, this place of deposit is
laid with a pavement of asphalte or concrete cement giving it a slight inclination
to one end so that the drainage of oil from the compound which takes place after
being deposited may run into tanks conveniently place to catch it and thus prevent
the oil from being lost, the compound remains there until the drainage of oil has
ceased and when it has become hard & stiff it can be cut with a sharp spade & is
then ready for use-The user may if he prefer mix any quantity of ordinary coal
along with the compound, the great volume of flame given off the compound will
consume the smoke of the ordinary coal, which always contain a quantity of
hydro carbon gas, thereby giving additional heat which would otherwise pass off
unconsumed and be lost.

page_text: I BOBERT WALKER of 32 Robinson Street Sunderland in the County of Durham
Commission Agent formerly Colliery Owner do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING COMPOUND
FUEL and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in the mode of making manufacturing & treating a
compound consisting of small coal or coal dust or duff combined by a certain
process with shale oil of the cheaper class forming a compound fuel to be used in
the furnaces of the boilers of marine, land and locomotive steam engines for raising
steam, I use the heavy oils only which remain after the lighter burning oil &
lubricating oils have been run off in the process of distilling of the shale, I do not
use any coal tar, coal oil, pitch or any of the products of coal tar, I do not form
the compound into blocks or bricks by machinery or any other mode; I do not
make this compound for the manufacture of illuminating gas-I grind or pulverise
the small coal or duff in an ordinary mortar mill but I do not restrict myself to
this mode of grinding I mix the oil in measured quantitie with the coal during the
process of grinding until the mixture form a pasty consistency but I do not restrict
myself to this mode of mixing; the quantity of oil used varies from 30 to
60 gallons per ton of coal used which will be found to vary according to the
amount of moisture in the coal the dryest & cleanest bituminous coal is preferred
because it will absorb the greatest amount of oil; coal cinders or breeze may be
substituted for coal when found convenient but coal is preferable; in winter the
heavy oil in the tanks & pipes connected are apt to cease running, to remedy
this, I insert several lengths of 11 inch steam piping in the tank I connect the
same with the steam boiler and when the steam is turned on it raises the
temperature of the oil very quickly which becomes fluid and is then more easily
absorbed by the ground coal, After the grinding and mixing is completed, the
compound is then removed to a place prepared for it, this place of deposit is laid
with a pavement of asphalte or concrete cement giving it a slight inclination to
one end so that the drainage of oil from the compound which takes place, after
being deposited may run into tanks conveniently placed to catch it and thus
prevent the oil from being lost, the compound remains there until the drainage of
oil has ceased and when it has become hard & stiff it can be cut with a sharp spade
and is then ready for use, the user may if he prefer mix any quantity of ordinary
coal along with the compound the great volume of flame given off the compound
will consume the smoke of the ordinary coal which always contains a quantity of
hydro carbon gas, thereby giving additional heat which would otherwise pass off
unconsumed and be lost.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The combination of coal or cinders and oil by grinding and mixing, reducing

page_text: 3d The treatment after finishing of the grinding and mixing process viz:
depositing the manufacture on an asphalte or concrete pavement there to drain off
the oil and mature by hardening until ready for use, all for the purpose duly
described.
4th This improved manufacture and the application of the same for using in
boiler furnaces for raising steam all as duly specified.
Dated this twenty fourth day of June in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty six.