matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN ELASTIC CUSHION OR FITTING PIECE FOR WINDOWS, BLINDS, SHUTTERS, AND DOORS, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Oxley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th March
1858.
I, JOHN OXLEY, of Beverley, Yorkshire, and Moorgate Street, Carriage
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN ELASTIC
CUSHION OR FITTING PIECE FOR WINDOWS, BLINDS, SHUTTERS, AND DOORS, WHICH IS
ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
I form a coil, roll, or pad of india-rubber of a suitable size and resisting
power, and I place it in or within a brass or other metal frame or a box-like
receptacle; the elastic material is large enough to project from the face
thereof; and I protect it from friction by means of a semicircular or other
form of curved clip or band, which is free to move into and out of the metal
frame or box as the elastic material is compressed and expands upon the
removal of the pressure. The protective metal band may be a semicircular
clip, having a projecting lip or flanch at each end, to prevent its being thrust
out by the pressure behind it; or it may form the curved termination of a
lever, or any similar contrivance may be adopted for holding the india-rubber
or elastic material in its place, and at the same time permit of its elasticity.
.I apply such metal frame, case, or box, so fitted, to the face of the rebate or
stile of a door frame on the shutting side, at the front side or top part thereof;
and where applied to sliding sashes, blinds, or shutters, I let in or fit the

page_text: apparatus described to the face of the rebate or groove, or in certain cases I
apply it at the bottom of the rebate frame or groove.
Thus, for the sashes or windows of railway or other carriages, the noise
and damage produced by the rattle, jar, and vibration which occurs will be
entirely prevented, as the sliding and other sashes, shutters, or blinds, and
doors, and other similar contrivances for closing openings, may be kept or
retained firmly against the rebate, groove, style, or frame in which they slide,
hang, move, or work, and the same apparatus may be employed for other
similar purposes.
A METHOD OR METHODS FOR THE BETTER SECURING THE INTEGRITY OR GENUINENESS OF BANKERS' CHECQUES OR ORDERS FOR MONEY
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Hills at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th September
1858.
I, ARTHUR HILLS, of Blackheath, in the County of Kent, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "A METHOD OR METHODS
FOR THE BETTER SECURING THE INTEGRITY OR GENUINENESS OF BANKERS' CHECQUES
OR ORDERS FOR MONEY," to be as follows:
My Invention consists of a method or methods by which bankers' cheques
or orders for money may be preserved in their integrity or genuineness from
fraudulent attempts to alter the amount or sum specified by the drawer, and
also to insure that a cheque which has been crossed can only be paid through
a bank, which I effect in the following manner :-
First, to secure the payment of a cheque or money order only through a
bank, I make a hole in the body of the cheque or order, and I cross the cheque
in the usual way, drawing the crossing lines (preferably) above and below the
said hole, and writing the words "and Co." to the right hand of the hole. In
the event of crossing lines and the "and Co." being fraudulently removed from
the cheque, the said hole will denote that the cheque has been crossed and
may only be paid through a bank. To prevent the original amount of the
cheque being altered, I write it in divided syllables, one syllable under the
other transversely to the signature on that part of the cheque where the
signature of the drawer is placed, so that the drawer of the cheque writes his

page_text: name over and upon the words, specifying the amount; but in addition to the
amount, I write also the words "and Co." if the cheque is intended to be paid
through a bank, which said words "and Co." are also written upon and covered
by the signature, so that the amount and the "and Co." cannot be erased
without destroying the signature.
Although by this plan the exact amount of the draft may be written in
syllables as aforesaid, transversely to the signature, I propose, for the sake of
brevity and simplicity, to write only under a net sum as "under ten," "under
twenty," "under one hundred pounds," and so on. Where the sum specified
consists of a short word only, as ten, fifty, &c., it may be written more than
once, so as to be well covered by the signature.
To secure the cheque being paid through a particular bank, I write the
banker's name lengthway of the cheque in a convenient part, and cross it
transversely with the signature of the drawer. The payment of the cheque
through a bank is thus doubly secured by the words "and Co." being written.
over and upon by the signature, and by the hole also denoting it to be
equivalent to a crossed cheque.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MEANS OF FACILITATING COMMUNICATION ACROSS SEAS OR OTHER WATERS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO TELEGRAPHING ON LAND
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wilkinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th March
1858.
I, WILLIAM WILKINSON, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OF FACILITATING COMMUNICATION ACROSS SEAS OR OTHER
WATERS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO TELEGRAPHING ON LAND," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in the establishment of a station or series of
connected stations across seas or other waters, such stations consisting of
floating buoys, platforms, ships, or other vessels, upon which suitable offices
or buildings may be erected, where required, for the convenience of clerks,
manipulators, or other persons, and between which electric telegraph cables,
flexible gas tubes, or other suitable contrivances for signalling or lighting may
be extended. The buoys, platforms, ships, or other vessels are to be moored
or.anchored in any suitable manner. Such cables, tubes, &c. may either be
so supported as to sink beneath the water only sufficiently to be clear of
passing ships, or they may be sunk to the bottom if required. Connection is
to be made with the neighboring shore from each of the extreme stations, so
that complete communication may by these means be made across seas or
other waters from shore to shore.

page_text: My Invention consists, secondly, in forming the submerged portions of the
buoys, platforms, ships, or other vessels employed, as above described, with
apertures or perforations, through which currents of water may pass, the
partitions between such apertures or perforations being formed angular, so as
to allow the water to pass them readily.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in weighting the telegraph or other ropes
employed between the stations above described by means of rings of metal
coated with enamel, galvanised or otherwise protected from the action of the
sea, whereby much less expence will be incurred than by the employment of
the present ropes covered with strands of iron wire.
My Invention consists, fourthly, in reducing the cost of manual labour
incurred at telegraph stations by substituting large dials with indicators from
several stations upon each in place of the numerous small dials at present
employed. This substitution of large dials instead of small is applicable to
ordinary land telegraphs as well as to those used in conjunction with one or
more of the preceding improvements.
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IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Platt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th October
1858.
I, JOSEPH PLATT, of Andlem, in the County Palatine of Chester, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOCKS," to be as follows:-
According to my Invention I construct a lock with a key having a double
set of wards or throwers, which take into fixed and stationary wards in the
lock, and also act on levers or tumblers therein; the key has further a cross
slit up the barrel or stem, which takes on to a cross fitted and turning in the
centre opening or eye of the key-hole; the lower set of levers or tumblers
upon which one set of the key wards or thrower acts are connected to bars,
which receive motion therefrom, and move in a direction transversely to the
bolt of the lock with which they interlock, being furnished with projections
which are received in notches formed on each side of a chase or slot in the
bolt, which traverses on them when all accurately adjusted in position by the
key; the other ward or thrower of the key acts on one or more levers or
tumblers on which the bolt travels; it also throws or shoots the bolt. This
lock is made so that the key only turns in one direction, and so that when the
key is removed the bolt is shot so as to effect the locking action.
Another lock, according to my Invention, has the key furnished with two
sets of wards or throwers, which act in succession on the same set of levers or
tumblers, & also each contribute motion to throw the bolt. The levers or

page_text: tumblers, as before mentioned, give motion to a series of bars, in a direction
transversely to the bolt, which bars are furnished with recesses for the passage
of nibs or projections on the bolt or bolts when the tumblers or levers are
properly adjusted by the key, and motion given thereby; several bolts are
introduced in this lock, but united at a common point, which necessitates the
whole number being acted on simultaneously.
A third and less expensive lock I fit with two sets of levers or tumblers
mounted on the bolt, which are acted on simultaneously by the double warded
key, so as to move and adjust them to pass through certain openings; the bolt
is then shot. In all these locks the levers or tumblers and bolts are acted on
by springs and other accessory parts that may be required, but which require
no further mention herein.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WORKING STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Ogilvie and John
Richardson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st April 1858.
We, ALEXANDER OGILVIE, Machinist, of Denmark Street, Soho Square, and
JOHN RICHARDSON, Drying Machine Manufacturer, of No. 449, New Oxford
Street, both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WORKING STEAM ENGINES,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention is more particularly applicable to locomotive and marine
engines with two or more cylinders, and consists in substituting for the
ordinary reversing gear the apparatus herein-after described, by means of
which the steam may be supplied from the ordinary steam pipe through a
valve in such a manner as to reverse or stop the engine without the aid of
the excentrics and other reversing and stopping gear now used, only one
excentric being required in order to impart a reciprocating motion to the rod
of the ordinary slide valve belonging to each cylinder. It is well known
that hitherto the working of such engines has been ordinarily effected by
means of excentrics placed on the axle in suitable relation to the cranks,
and the change of motion of the engine has been produced by working the
slide valve from the proper excentric, brought into action as required by means
of hand gear.
Now, in our Invention the working of the engine is effected by causing the

page_text: steam to pass from the steam pipe through a valve, and enter a pipe com-
municating with the ordinary induction passages, another pipe being in
communication with the ordinary eduction passages, so that by reversing the
functions of these two pipes by means of the said valve, and thereby reversing
the induction and eduction passages, the steam will be made to enter and
leave the cylinder by an opposite course, and thus reverse the action of the
engine. The valve may be either a disc valve or a slide valve, so long as it
is capable of being made to direct the course of the steam into the required
pipe, and it is intended to work the valve by means of the ordinary handle for
turning on the steam from the boiler in connection with a rod.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION OF PIANOFORTES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Mills at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th November
1858.
I, CHARLES MILLS, of 8, High Street, Camden Town, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE ACTION OF PIANOFORTES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the action of pianofortes.
For these purposes the hopper, in place of being constructed as heretofore, is
combined as follows:-The fly is hinged or centered at its lower end to a
block fixed to a key, and there is formed or fixed to the lower end of the fly a
projection which descends below the upper surface of the block. The fly is
constantly pressed back by a spring, and is stopped by the projection at the
lower end thereof coming against a button or surface covered with felt or
suitable material carried by the block, and this button is adjusted by a screw
passed through the block. By this arrangement the fly is stopped below its
hinge or centre, by which the action is materially improved.
AN IMPROVED DRIVING MACHINERY, APPLICABLE EITHER FOR THRASHING, WINNOWING, CLEANING AND BRUISING GRAIN, CUTTING STRAW, OR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th May 1858.-A communication from Le Compte Jean Baptiste de
Galard-Béarn, of Montignac-le-Coq, Charente, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED DRIVING MACHINERY, APPLICABLE EITHER FOR THRASHING, WINNOWING,
CLEANING AND BRUISING GRAIN, CUTTING STRAW, OR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES,"
(a communication from Le Comte Jean Baptiste de Galard-Béarn, of
Montignac-le-Coq, Charente, in the Empire of France), to be as follows:-
The machine consists of a case strongly built of sheet iron or other material,
in its bottom upon a pivot is raised the main axle or upright, which passes
through the top and receives one or more shafts or poles, to which the horse
or other motive power is applied. Within the case, and fixed to the said axle
so as to rotate with it, is a spur wheel which gears into and drives a pinion or
small cog wheel upon an axle at right angles to the former, and also within
the box upon this latter axle is fixed another spur wheel, so as to rotate with
the pinion; this latter spur wheel gears into a toothed conical pinion, which is
fixed to and turns the main transmitting shaft, which, passing out of the case,
is connected by means of riggers or other toothed wheels or pullies to the
different kinds of machinery to be used. Its action is as follows:-The

page_text: motive power being applied to the shafts or poles, causes the main axle to
rotate, and the main spur wheel turning with it gives motion to the pinion,
and through the latter to the second spur wheel, which in its turn drives the
toothed conical wheel on the transmitting shaft, which by means of the riggers
or pullies puts in motion the machines to be worked, whether these be for
thrashing, winnowing, straw cutting, or other agricultural purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATING AND PRESERVING AND LAYING SUBMARINE AND OTHER TELEGRAPHIC WIRES OR CABLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Searle at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th October
1858.
I, RICHARD SEARLE, of Woodford Wells, in the County of Essex, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
INSULATING AND PRESERVING AND LAYING SUBMARINE AND OTHER TELEGRAPHIC
WIRES OR CABLES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention consists, first, in the application of caoutchouc or india-
rubber, what is commonly called vulcanized india-rubber however compounded,
wood, cork, or cork wood, for the purpose of insulating or covering and pro-
tecting the insulator of submarine and other telegraphic wires or cables.
Secondly, in the application of the before-mentioned substances or any of
them, for the purpose of reducing the specific gravity of submarine telegraphic
wires or cables.
Thirdly, in the application of the before-mentioned substances or any of
them as buoys, for the purpose of sinking or sustaining submarine telegraphic
wires or cables.
And, fourthly, in the application of tubes composed of metallic wire, whether
spiral or otherwise, in covering and protecting submarine or other telegraphic
wires or cables.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Warren at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
December 1858.
I, THOMAS WARREN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Glass Bottle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES," to be
as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of ordinary
black and similar bottles, and aims at increased economy and other advantages.
In making a bottle according to this Invention, the bottle having been
blown and saucered in the ordinary way, is wetted off upon a pontil, which is
fitted into a case or socket, and is made to revolve by a simple arrangement of
gearing whilst the mouth is being formed. The mouth of the bottle is shaped
by means of a pair of shears carried by a stand and placed in a suitable position
near the apparatus carrying the pontil, the shears being closed upon the hot
glass whilst the bottle is revolving, and thereby imparting the proper shape and
finish to the mouth. The "added" metal for forming the thickened lip or
ring of the mouth may be applied in the ordinary way, but it is preferred to
have a small supplemental furnace at the side to contain the metal for lips or
rings, and to take therefrom the requisite quantity by dipping in the bottle, the
metal being sufficiently near the mouth of the furnace for that purpose. To
avoid the irregularity attending the ordinary method of "wetting off," the

page_text: water is made to issue upwards under a slight pressure from a semicircular
mouth, and the bottle is laid so as to expose its neck to this issuing water, the
rotation imparted to it causing application of the water equally all round
the neck.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR MARINE ENGINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Bowie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th November
1858.
I, ANDREW BOWIE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR MARINE ENGINES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the application to marin engines of improved
governing apparatus, designed to prevent the injurious "running away" of the
engines, which, in certain cases, a diminution in the resistance to the propeller
or propellers tends to produce.
The improved apparatus is more particularly applicable to screw steamers,
or to steamers propelled by a screw or other propeller at the stern; the
engines of such steames being liable to "run away," from the elevation of the
propeller out of the water when the vessel pitches. The improved apparatus
as applied to such a vessel, consists, according to one modification, of a
weighted lever combined with a valve on the pipe conveying steam to the
engines. The weighted lever is hung so that its tendency to hang plumb, or
with its centre of gravity in its lowest attainable position, shall cause the valve
to close to a greater or less extent when the vessel becomes inclined longi-
tudinally with her stern elevated; and this action, by reducing or cutting off
the supply of steam, will have the effect of preventing the engines from
running away. It is preferred to make the valve of the "equilibrium" class,
or so as to be actuated with as little force as possible, and the weighted lever

page_text: may be jointed, to enable the weight to swing freely in a transverse direction
without acting on the valve.
The improved apparatus may be applied to paddle engines, with the view of
diminishing the supply of steam when one wheel becomes elevated and the
other depressed by the rolling of the vessel. In this case the weighted lever
must be arranged to act on the valve when the vessel is inclined from side
to side.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Davies at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd October 1858.
-A communication.
I, GEORGE DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of
Middlesex, and No. 28, St. Enoch Square, in the City of Glasgow, Civil
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING," (a communication from certain
foreigners residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This Invention is applicable to weaving both plain and figured fabrics, and
relates to weaving articles of a circular or elliptic form without seam, and it
will be evident that this method of weaving may be applied to the production
of an infinity of goods, such as mantles, talmas, petticoats, table and others
covers, and other articles of a circular or elliptic form in one piece and with-
out seam, and that by the application of the jacquard or other pattern weaving
machinery, any variety of colours and pattern may be produced.
The principal feature of this Invention consists in weaving such fabrics
with two circular or elliptical lists or selvages, either parallel, concentric, or
otherwise, the weft threads passing in a radial direction..
In order to effect this object the width of the warp is divided into several
separate breadths, each independent and distinct from the other, and wound
upon beams or rollers weighted in a different manner, those composing the
inner circle being weighted the heaviest. The number of these breadths or
divisions will depend upon the nature of the material, and the quality, form,

page_text: and breadth of the fabric. The reed is parallel to the warp beams, and the
cloth roller is formed of a truncated cone corresponding with the form of the
article to be woven.
Supposing the warp to be divided into four breadths, and each of the
breadths to be separately weighted, the threads are passed through the healds
or through the strings of the jacquard machine, and finally as usual through
the reed.
The weaving is effected as follows:-Two or three weft shoots are put in
across the first or outer division or breadth; next, a similar number across
the first and second divisions together, then across the first, second, and third
divisions, and, finally, across the whole width or four divisions of the warp.
The effect of this will be the weaving of a triangular or tapered piece of
fabric forming a radial division of the ultimate development of the article to
be produced.
It will be evident that a repetition of this mode of proceeding will even-
tually weave a piece of material of a circular shape, having the form of the
development of a truncated cone, and that this same method may be adapted
to weave a plain, circular, or elliptical, or other analogous form, by arranging
the divisions of the warp, the number of weft shoots to each division, and the
form of the cloth beam accordingly.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SHIPS' AND OTHER LAMPS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Hinks at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th December
1858.
I, JAMES HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHIPS' AND OTHER LAMPS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements in lamps herein-after described,
which said improvements are especially applicable to ships' lamps, but may
be advantageously employed in other lamps.
My said Invention consists, firstly, in the following method of constructing
the chimney of the lamp:-I make the said chimney of a slightly tapering
tubular form, and at its summit place a chamber, the figure of which somewhat
resembles two very obtuse cones placed base to base. The chimney opens into
the said chamber, the upper end of the chimney being expanded so as to have
the figure of a trumpet mouth, and nearly corresponding in shape with the
lower half of the chamber into which it opens. In the upper part of the
chimney a horizontal diaphragm is placed, the said diaphragm being per-
forated with holes. The lower side of the chamber into which the chimney
opens is also perforated to permit of the escape of the current of heated air
from the lamp. By the construction described, the burning of the lamp is.
unaffected by strong winds blowing upon it or by water dashed upon it.
My Invention consists, secondly, in making the reflectors of ships' lamps
and lamps enclosed in cases of a series of planes arranged round the flame

page_text: so as to be perpendicular or nearly so to radii drawn from the flame; that is
to say, instead of making the said reflectors of a piece of plated metal bent
into a concave form, I make the reflectors with a series of obtuse angles,
alternating with plane surfaces, the general figure of the reflector being con-
cave like ordinary reflectors. Reflectors made according to my Invention
give a very brilliant light.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING FASTENINGS SUITABLE TO BE USED FOR DRESSES, BROOCHES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Lucien Meall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th May
1858.
I, HENRI LUCIEN MEALL, of 3, St. Matthews Place, Hackney Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING FASTENINGS SUITABLE TO BE USED FOR DRESSES,
BROOCHES, AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in spring fastenings suitable
to be used for dresses, brooches, and other purposes, and consists in adding to
an ordinary dress hook a spring tongue to prevent the eye or loop through
which the hook is passed when in use from accidentally coming off the hook.
For dress hooks made of wire I prefer to form the loops at the end of the
hook by which it is attached to the dress by turning the ends of the wire
round in directions opposite to those in which they are usually turned to form
these loops, so that at the end of the stem of the hook the two ends are bent
away from each other, and they come together again after forming the two
loops; and in place of cutting off the wire here as in making an ordinary
dress hook, the ends are carried on so as to pass side by side up the stem until
they abut upon the end of the hook.
Sometimes I form hooks similar in form from sheet metal. For this
purpose blanks are cut from the sheet metal which have a -like form; the
longer extremity of the cross is bent up into a hook, the two shorter
extremities form the loops by which the hook is attached, and the remaining

page_text: extremity is bent over to form the tongue for closing the hook. Spring
fastenings for harness and for other purposes may be made from one piece
of metal in a similar manner.
In order to render the fastening of brooches more secure, I add a spring
tongue similar to that described for hooks to the ordinary C catch, by which
the pin is retained; this I do by continuing the wire at the lower part of
the catch for a short distance in a horizontal direction, and then bending
it back to come in contact with the upper end of the catch thus : by
arranging the catch in this manner it renders the accidental escape of the pin
impossible.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLANING, SHAPING AND SLOTTING
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Murdoch Napier and-
William Thorburn at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with .
their Petition, on the 28th January 1858.
We, JAMES MURDOCII NAPIER, of Vine Street, York Road, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, and WILLIAM THORBURN, of 19, Sussex Place, Vine
Street, York Road aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLANING, SHAPING AND SLOTTING," to be
as follows:-
Our Invention consists in placing two cutting tools together in the tool
holder, so that by a vibrating or reciprocating action imparted to the tool
holder the cutting edges of the tools are brought alternately into action. As
the piece of work to be planed, shaped, or slotted (or that part of the machine
which carries the tools, as the case may be,) moves to and fro at each action of
the machine, a cut is taken first by one tool or cutting edge and then by
the other.
Instead of two distinct tools being used as above stated, one tool having
two cutting heads or edges upon its stem may be employed: suitable means
of adjustment are employed by which the alternate cuts are regulated."
A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF COKE
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Timmis Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
July 1858.
I, JOSIAH TIMMIS SMITH, of Dudley, in the County of Worcester, Iron
Master, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF COKE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of coke from small coal, or the
small coke called breezes, by mixing the said small coal or breezes with tar, or
tar deprived of its naptha or a portion of its oil.
I mix the said coal or breezes with the said tar, so as to make a pasty or
coherent mass, which mass is coked either by being set fire to in the open air,
or in a coke oven or retort.
The mass in coking breaks up into columnar or irregular shaped masses, of
a size equal to that of ordinary coke, and the small coal or breezes, treated
according to my Invention, form good coke.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th October 1858.-A communication from Joseph Vanossi.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," (communicated to me
by Joseph Vanossi,) to be as follows:-
This Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, is
stated to consist in obtaining motive power to propel vessels in the water, and
engines and carriages on land, by the employment of steam to act upon water
or other liquid contained in a vessel divided into two compartments, and fitted
with curved pipes or vanes, through which the liquid is alternately driven
from one compartment into the other, in such manner as to obtain a reactive
effect at or near the mouths of the curved pipes. Valves are used for regulating
the admission and exit of the fluids, worked by floats rising and falling with
the liquid.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEREOSCOPES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Maclehose at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
December 1858.
I, ROBERT MACLEHOSE, of the Town and County of Ayr, North Britain,
Bookseller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEREOSCOPES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the so arranging stereoscopic apparatus, that
superior facilities are obtained for displaying and seeing stereoscopic pictures
with good effect, as well as very superior simplicity of details. The apparatus
is in the form of a deep rectangular box, fitted at one end, near the top, with
the usual stereoscopic glasses.
In the line of sight, and between the glasses and the extreme back of the
box or case, there is placed an open drum or roller, having four or other con-
venient number of sides. This cylinder or open drum is arranged to work
upon a horizontal spindle, to which is attached a projecting handle for turning
it by. Behind this drum or cylinder and in the end of the case there is a
hinged door, folding downwards, and fitted with a mirror for throwing light
into the interior of the case. The pictures are disposed in the chain form
over the drum or roller, and so arranged that one end of the chain can fall
down into the bottom of the case at the front, and the other at the back
portion of the case. With this arrangement, as the drum is turned, the
pictures are successively drawn up from the back section of the bottom of the

page_text: case, passed over the faces of the drum, on the vertical side of which, for the
time being, they are successively displayed, and then passed down in a zig-zag
or regularly folded pile in the bottom of the front portion of the case. The
open form of picture drum, with the door behind, admits of transparencies
being viewed in this apparatus. The pictures are removeable by bottom doors
at the back and front; provision is also made for two parties to see pictures at
once by means of a set of stereoscope glasses fitted with folding tubes or sight
channels, which separate glasses can be contained in the case, and set, when
required, on the top of the back part of the case, to look in the reverse direc-
tion of the fixed glasses. The sight is, in this instance, directed upon a
mirror inside a top horizontal folding door, which is set at such an angle as to
receive the image from the pictures upon the drum beneath it. There is also
another top horizontal folding door near the front, fitted with an inside mirror,
for improving the effect of the light; side doors are also fitted for taking in
lateral light, if required.
After a picture has been seen and passed on, it can at once be brought back,
if necessary, and any picture seen by one viewer can be passed on to be seen
by the other.
A WATERPROOF COATING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th November 1858.-A communication from Louis Xavier Beuchot,
residing at Nesle (Somme), in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
WATERPROOF COATING," (a communication from Louis Xavier Beuchot, residing
at Nesle (Somme), in the Empire of France,) to be as follows, and is
obtained by dissolving in a water bath a certain quantity of gutta percha with
some essence of turpentine. After complete dissolution I add a sixth of its
weight of resin and a fifth of wax. The mixture should remain upon the fire
while the application is made; it is applied by means of a brush. It is as well
to apply the first coating when the mixture is rather thin; the second may be
thicker. When it has dried for two days the coating may receive any kind of
peint. This coating may be placed upon any kind of substances or materials,
such as iron, wood, stone, plaster, canvas, &c.
AN IMPROVED KEY-JOINT FOR CONNECTING DETACHED PIECES OF WOOD OR METAL
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine Francois Mennons
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th May 1858.-A communication.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANCOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED KEY-JOINT FOR
CONNECTING DETACHED PIECES OF WOOD OR METAL," a communication, to be as
follows:-
The Invention consists in an improved connection or fastening for the
union of detached pieces of wood or metal. The accompanying Drawing
represents an application of this arrangement. a, a, Figs. 1 and 2, is a space
or chamber formed in a piece of wood. e, e, Fig. 3, is a metallic plate mounted
with a double key f, f, and fixed to the second piece of wood. b, b, Figs. 1
and 2, is another metallic plate, with an aperture c, c, Fig. 2, to receive the
double key f. f. Fig. 3, and is fixed to the wood by the screws d, d, or by
other suitable means. To connect the separate parts provided with this
arrangement, the double key f, f, is introduced into the corresponding aperture
or mortice c, c, Fig. 2, and is then turned to the left till arrested by a stop on
the upper face of the plate b, b. This being done, a perfect junction is

page_text: obtained, as shewn in Fig. 1. It is obvious from the above example that this
system may be applied in almost every case where the perfect union of
separate parts is required; the dimensions being modified according to cir-
cumstances.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN HOOPED PETTICOATS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Theodore Byron Hubbell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
September 1858.-A communication.
I, THEODORE BYRON HUBBELL, of Regent Street, in the City of Westminster,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN HOOPED PETTICOATS," (communicated to, me from abroad,) to
be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a means of so arranging the bands forming the
hoops that they set out so as to give a graceful fullness behind, while in front
little or no fullness takes place.
In order to effect these objects eyelet holes are formed above and below,
one, two, three, or more of the upper hoops in the horizontal tapes, webs, or
fabric, whereby the hoops are held together, and it will be found convenient to
form these eyelet holes in, say, the third tapes from the front. A lace is passed
through and through these eyelets from one side web to the other, and when
the petticoat is on the wearer the lace is passed behind and the ends brought
round in front. Now, by tightening the lace to the extent required, the
desired fullness will be obtained behind, and the petticoat will set neatly
and flatly over the stomach.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING STARCH AND SIMILAR MATTERS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Robertson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
October 1858.
I, ALEXANDER ROBERTSON, of Lounsdale, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Bleacher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING STARCH AND SIMILAR MATTERS," to be as follows,
that is to say:-
The improvements constituting this Invention consist, firstly, in causing the
fabric or material under treatment to be passed in contact with a roller or
drum having a film of the starch or similar matter on its surface, and moving
in the same direction as the fabric or material, but at a slower rate; and,
secondly, in rubbing the starch or similar matter into the fabric or material
by means of a second or separate roller or drum moving in a direction
opposite to that of the fabric or material, but not supplied with starch or
similar matter. Or, instead of the rubbing roller or drum moving in a
direction opposite to that of the fabric or material it may be arranged to move
in the same direction, but at a greater velocity than the fabric or material.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PROJECTILE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Webster at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th August
1858.
I, JAMES WEBSTER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
PROJECTILE," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a projectile having an external figure resen-
bling that of the minie bullet, and having a hole in its axis, which said hole
is rifled or has a series of helical grooves or planes formed therein. The
effect of the said rifled hole is to give the projectile a rotatory motion as it
progresses through the air, and thereby secure greater accuracy in its motion.
I make my new or improved projectile by preference by the process of casting,
the rifle in its interior being produced by a core of proper form being placed
in the axis of the mould. Projectiles made according to my Invention are
applicable both to small arms and to ordnance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR RE-WORKING THE WASTE STEAM OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
December 1858.-A communication.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR RE-WORKING THE WASTE STEAM OF STEAM
ENGINES," a communication from foreigners resident abroad, to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar arrangement of apparatus whereby the
waste or exhausted steam of steam engines of all kinds may be returned to
the boiler and used again in working the engine, thus preventing any loss of
steam. According to this Invention the steam having operated in the cylinder
is conducted by a pipe to a close vessel, in which it is allowed to expand and
lose a great portion of its original pressure. From this vessel it passes to-a
surface condenser, which may be composed of a number of tubes surrounded
with cold water, through and within which tubes the steam passes and is
condensed, when it is removed by a lift and force pump, and supplied through
a coil of pipes in one of the furnace flues to the boiler.. By this means the
steam is regenerated, and its temperature is raised considerably. before entering
the boiler. The condenser is contained in a water tank which receives the
injection water, such water being heated by the steam and used partially for

page_text: supplying the trifling feed required to the boiler. In order to prevent the
heating of the pump packing, it is proposed to keep such packing moistened
by a jet of water supplied from a small tank on the upper part of the
pump.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING BALES OF GOODS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Richardson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th November
1858. A communication.
I, GEORGE RICHARDSON, of 1, New Broad Street, in the City of London,'
Metal Merchant and Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING BALES
OF GOODS," a communication from abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a cheap and ready means of so compressing raw
cotton or other goods capable of bearing compression, as to reduce their bulk
one-half, and turn out the bales of such dimensions with reference to the
dimensions of railway goods' waggons that the maximum quantity may be
loaded in them, and thus to economise as much as possible the means at
disposal for carrying such goods along lines of railway.
According to this Invention, it is proposed to arrange any required number
of presses below the roadway of a railway siding at any convenient locality or
point on the line. These presses consist simply of rams or pistons working in
suitable chambers of stone, wood, or other suitable material, and fitted each
with a piston rod, the top of which carries an antifriction roller and projects
say 2 feet above the level of the rails in the centre of the roadway. The
chambers are fitted with side doors and suitable fastenings for the facility of
introducing the goods and removing the compressed bales; and the top and
bottom pressing surfaces are grooved or channelled to admit of hands being

page_text: placed round the bales in the ordinary manner. The pistons of the presses
are forced down so as to compress the cotton or other substance by the
travelling over them, and along the line, of a weighted truck or waggon, having
a bar or beam attached beneath it longitudinally in an inclined position, the
highest end going first. As the waggon or truck passes along, the inclined bar
passes successively over the several piston rods and depresses them, thereby
compressing the goods below.
The pistons when compressed are held down by self-acting catches, which
when released by hand allow the pistons to rise again by the action of counter-
weights, and the bales are then removed.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PUNCHING ROLLED METAL PLATES AND ANGLE IRON
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Wright at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd March
1858. A communication.
I, JAMES WRIGHT, of 10, Alfred Place, Newington Causeway, County of
Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PUNCHING ROLLED METAL PLATES
AND ANGLE IRON," "a communication," to be as follows; and consists in punching
or making holes in the metal when it is hot and soft, during the operation of
rolling instead of the method of doing the same when the metal is cold and
after it has been rolled. I propose to effect this by having one of the rolls or
rollers so formed as to have a channel or groove around a circular raised portion
which acts as the punch; on the corresponding end of the other roll a ring is
raised corresponding to the afore-mentioned groove; upon passing the plates
between those parts of the rollers the hole is punched out. Otherwise I effect
it by having my rollers hollow, either one or both, and in the interior of the
one roller are the punches, and in the other the corresponding openings. The
punches are acted upon so as to perforate the iron when it passes between the
rolls by means of cams or excentrics, one of which drives the punch through
and the other forces it back again; the cams or excentrics are kept in motion

page_text: by the same power which drives the rollers, the speed being proportioned to
the number of holes to be made in a given space; instead, however, of having
the punches in or on the rolls, the punching apparatus may be placed so as to
punch the hole after the metal has passed between the plates.