CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS UPON CERTAIN MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOBBIN NET LACE, BEING FURTHER EXTENSIONS OF CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS, FOR WHICH LETTERS PATENT WERE GRANTED TO ME ON THE EIGHTH DAY OF DECEMBER, ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND THIRTY-TWO, PART OF WHICH EXTENSIONS ARE FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRODUCING ORNAMENTED BOBBIN NET LACE
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
ALCOCK, of the Parish of Claines, in the County of Worcester, Lace Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I did, by petition, humbly represent unto His present most
Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, that, after considerable appli-
cation and expence, I had invented "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS UPON CERTAIN
MACHINERY FOR MAKING BOBBIN NET LACE, BEING FURTHER EXTENSIONS OF CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS, FOR WHICH LETTERS PATENT WERE GRANTED TO ME ON THE EIGHTH
DAY OF DECEMBER, ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND THIRTY-TWO, PART OF WHICH
EXTENSIONS ARE FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRODUCING ORNAMENTED BOBBIN NET LACE;"
and Ilis said Majesty, being willing to give encouragement to all arts and in-
ventions which may be for the public good, was graciously pleased, by His Royal
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth February, (One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-five), in the fifth year of His reign, for Himself, His
heirs and successors, to give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Alcock, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, His especial license, full power, sole privi-
lege and authority, that I or they, by myself or themselves, or by my or their
deputies, servants, or agents, or such others as I or they should agree with, and
no others, during the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters
Patent, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my said
Invention within that part of Ilis said Majesty's Dominions called England,
His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all
His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, in such manner as to me, my
A

page_text: executors, administrators, and assigns, shall seem meet, and as that I or they
shall enjoy the whole profit and advantage arising by reason of the said Inven-
tion, during the said term of fourteen years, and for that end His said Majesty
requires and strictly commands all His subjects whatsoever that they shall not,
neither directly nor indirectly, make, use, or put in practice my said Invention,
or any part thereof, nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same,
nor make any addition thereto or subtraction therefrom, whereby to pretend
himself or themselves to be the Inventor or Inventors thereof: And whereas
the said Letters Patent contain a proviso, obliging me, the said Thomas Alcock,
particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto bad, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Alcock, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described and
ascertained in manner following, and by the aid of the ten Sheets of Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say:
The machinery for making bobbin net lace to which my present improve-
ments relate is of the traverse warp kind, such as is fully described in
my two former Specifications, one dated the Thirty-first May, One thou-
sand eight hundred and thirty-three, and the other dated the Sixth June,
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, both those Specifications
having been duly enrolled in the High Court of Chancery, in pursuance of
two Letters Patent granted to me, the said Thomas Alcock, on the Eighth
December, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, that is to say,
the machinery which is described in my said Specification of the Thirty-
first May, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, is a Lever's
traverse warp rotary machine, having certain parts invented by me, and
called lifting points and holding points, applied to it, for the purpose of
raising up those crosses of the warp threads which are made in the usual
manner of ordinary traverse warp machinery by the parts which produce the
traversing of the warp threads, in order by such raising up to bring the said
crosses within reach of the bobbin carriages in such manner that in entering
between the warp threads the bobbin carriages may commence their insertion
beneath the crossings which have been previously made and lifted up, as afore
said;
the said machine also having extra thicknesses formed at the upper part o
every alternate one of the bobbin carriages, for the purpose of opening suitable

page_text: spaces amongst the adjacent warp threads, for facilitating the insertion of the
ordinary taking-up points into their proper places beneath the crosses of the
warp threads. And the machinery which is described in my other Specifi-
cation aforesaid, dated Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
three, is also a rotary traverse warp machine, then newly combined by me,
being a single-tier fluted roller circular comb machine, containing all the same
lifting and holding points, and extra thicknesses to the tops of the carriages, as
in the other or Lever's traverse warp machine.
And, first, respecting such parts of my present extensions of my said former
improvements as are for making bobbin net lace, the same constitute a new
combination and application of certain parts of traverse warp rotary machinery
which is suitable for making narrow breadths or quillings of bobbin net, and
which is the same purpose as is to be attained by the two aforesaid rotary
traverse warp machines described in my said two Specifications, the said parts
which are so newly combined and applied being those which cause the
vibrating motions of the bobbin carriages, in order to pass and repass the same
between the warp threads; the new combination being that of the Lever's
bobbin carriages and catch bars for moving them in their combs, as is described
in my said Specification of the Thirty-first May, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-three, combined with the toothed wheelwork, revolving crank,
toothed sector or fan, and pinions for giving vibratory motion to the Anted
rollers, as is described in my said Specification of the Sixth June, One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, together with such other parts in
substitution of those fluted rollers, and such modifications and arrangements of
the parts so combined, as will render their combination available. The rotary
traverse warp machine, which is constructed according to this part of my pre-
sent improvements, contains all the same lifting and holding points, and extra
thicknesses to the tops of the carriages, as the two machines described in my
said two former Specifications, and the said present machine is adapted to
operate with Lever's bobbin carriages, worked in combs resembling those combs
used in what are now commonly called the old Loughborough machines, the
said bobbin carriages being moved in such combs by means of catch bars
which are moveable up and down on joints at the ends of short arms, in the
manner of the catch bars of ordinary Lever's machinery, in order to remove
their edges out of the notches of the bobbin carriages, or to insert the same
therein, excepting that the said joints are not attached to any landing bars, as
in Lever's machinery, but in lieu thereof are applied to vibrating swing jacks
suspended on the main centre pins at each end of the machine, somewhat
in the manner whereby the parts called driving bars are sometimes applied
9

page_text: to the swing jacks in circular bolt machinery by joints on which those
bars can be turned over, in order to take out the carriages, only that in
my present machine there will be two distinct swing jacks at each end, one
for sustaining the joints of the arms of the back catch bar, and the other for
sustaining those of the front catch bar, and those swing jacks being capable
(occasionally) of swinging one catch bar independantly of the other. For
this purpose the said swing jacks are to have teeth at their lower extre-
mities, like toothed sectors or fans, in order to be actuated toothed
pinions which are fixed on two long horizontal spindles extending across all
the width of the machine, and supported on bearings affixed to the comb
bars, nearly in the situation where the two outermost fluted rollers are
disposed in double-tier fluted roller machinery. The use of these spindles
and pinions, with a toothed sector to each of the swing jacks, is to cause
the swing jacks at each end of the machine to vibrate coincidently one
with the other, so that each catch bar may in all cases be moved parallel
to itself; and if the machinery is of such width as to require middle sup-
porting joints to the catch bars, then the joints for those arms which belong
to the middle part of each catch bar are to be sustained in small wheel car-
riages, whereof the wheels run in curved grooves formed in fixed curved
bearers, suitably placed and curved to cause the motions of those carriages to
correspond with the required swinging motion concentrically about the common
centre line whereon the swing jacks at each end vibrate; and each of the
said wheel carriages is to have a toothed segment affixed to it, corresponding in
curvature with the sectors of teeth on the swing jacks, and like them actuated
by a toothed pinion fixed on the middle part of one of the said long hori-
zontal spindles, and corresponding with the toothed pinions at each end thereof
which actuate the swing jacks, by which means the joints borne by the said
wheel carriages, for sustaining the middle parts of the catch bars, will in all
cases be moved in precise accordance with the like joints which are borne
by the swing jacks for sustaining the ends of the same catch bars; and,
according to the width of the machinery, one, two, three, or more such middle
supporting joints and wheel carriages, curved bridges, toothed segments, and
pinions should be provided for each catch bar, in addition to the end joints
thereof; and the said two long horizontal spindles are to be worked by means
of a pinion on one of the extremities of each spindle, the teeth of both those
pinions being engaged by the teeth of one vibrating sector or toothed fan,
which is suspended on the main centre pin, and moved in a similar manner to
the like parts of ordinary fluted roller machines, and whereby the pinions of
the two outermost fluted rollers are actuated; and the catch bars, back and

page_text: front, are alternately lifted out of and let down into the notches of the bobbin
carriages whilst the bobbin carriages are performing their vibrating motion,
without making any pause in that motion for the purpose of exchanging the
catch bars; but that catch bar which is moving away from the warp threads
is gradually let down into those notches of the bobbin carriages which are
beneath its edge, and so soon as that edge is let securely down in the said
notches, then the other catch bar which is moving towards the warp threads
will be lifted up out of the other notches of the carriages, so as to effect the
required exchange of the catch bar without any loss of time for that purpose.
The requisite lifting up and letting down of the catch bars may be performed
by means of curved supports, which are fixed at each end of the machine, and
each catch bar having a prolongation projecting out from each end of it to
bear on these supports, so as to slide backwards and forwards over the said
supports when the catch bars are performing their vibrating motion, and the
curvatures of those supports is adapted to lift up either catch bar so much as
to take its edge out of the bobbin carriages whenever the catch bar in the
course of its vibrating motion approaches near to the warp threads, and like-
wise to let the same catch bar down again, so that its edge will re-enter into
the notches of the bobbin carriages as the said catch bar vibrates away from
the warp threads. The two horizontal spindles aforesaid being turned by
their respective pinions on their extreme ends from their common vibrating
fan will move with precisely equal motions, so as to cause the four swing
jacks and the two catch bars, back and front, to vibrate exactly alike, and
thereby keep the edges of those catch bars in precise correspondence with
the notches of the carriages in which they are to act respectively, and that
will be the case when the catch bars are raised up out of the notches, as
well as when they are let down therein, that correspondence being preserved
until after the said exchanging of the catch bars has been completed; but
then, when one of the catch bars, in so vibrating, has arrived near to the warp
threads, it ceases to move any further, owing to the teeth of the pinion at the
end of the horizontal spindle belonging to that catch bar being at that
moment quitted by the teeth of the sector or fan, which teeth are cut away (or
are left deficient) in the fan at each extremity of its arch, in order to leave just
as many teeth as will turn each of the pinions as far as they are required to
turn for carrying either of the catch bars (which their other pinions and swing
jacks actuate respectively) nearly in contact with the warp threads, but no more
teeth than is thus requisite being left, the catch bar will stop short of actual
contact with those threads, and will remain motionless, notwithstanding that
the other fellow catch bar has not quite concluded its vibration away from the

page_text: warp threads. And when the teeth of the fan have thus quitted the teeth of
either of the said pinions, the latter is held motionless by means of a small
crank pin which is fixed to that pinion, and which projects out therefrom like
a crank pin, or like a winch bandle; and at the moment when the teeth are
about to quit each other (but before they have quitted), that pin is gathered
into a curved groove, formed in a plate of steel fixed to the flat surface of the
fan, and vibrating therewith, the said groove being fitted to receive the said
crank pin, so as to govern the motion thereof; and the curved form of the said
groove is adapted to admit and guide the said crank pin at its first entrance
into the groove (which entrance takes place just before the teeth quit each
other), with a circular motion of the crank pin, exactly coincident with the
revolving motion that is at the same time giving by the teeth of the fan to the
pinion in which the crank pin is fixed; and that coincident guidance of the
motion of the crank pin is continued until the teeth have entirely quitted each
other, and then, after so quitting, the curvature of that further part of the same
groove wherein the crank pin will be then arrived is adapted to arrest the
further motion of the crank pin and its pinion, and consequently the vibration of
the catch bar which is derived from that motion; but the said motion is arrested
quietly and without any sudden shock, owing to suitable curvature of the groove,
whereof the remainder or further continuance is adapted to retain the crank
pin, and consequently its pinion and catch bar, at rest during all the remainder
of the vibration of the fan and of the other catch bar which is moving away
from the warp threads and drawing out the carriages clear therefrom, and
until those threads have been racked, and then, at the return of the vibration
of the fan and of the said other catch bar, when the carriages have been, by
the return thereof, again inserted between the warp threads so far that their
notches have come through the threads nearly beneath the edge of the afore-
said motionless catch bar, the same will then resume its motion in its returning
vibration, at first by returning action of the curvature of the groove on the
crank pin, and having by that means become started into motion without
abruptness or shock, and having attained a proper speed, then, by the re-
engagement of the teeth of the fan with those of the pinion, the vibrating
motion of the said catch bar will be continued to its full extent, that is, until
the carriages are thereby drawn out from between the warp threads quite clear
thereof. But note.-As soon as the catch bar, which had so remained motion-
less had thus fully resumed its motion by the re-engagement of the teeth, and
is moving away from the warp threads, it also begins to descend, in order to let
down its edge into the notches of the carriages whilst the same are moving in
their vibrating course, the catch bar moving in the same course with its acting

page_text: edge in exact coincidence with the said notches, and also immediately after the
said catch bar is thus let down and has secured the carriages, the other catch
bar is lifted up out of the other notches of the carriages, in order to leave them
free to be drawn through between the warp threads; and as soon as, in the
course of the vibrating motion of the catch bars, that one last mentioned which
is lifted up out of the notches of the carriages has approached near to the warp.
threals, it then stops short of coming in actual contact therewith, in consequence
of the teeth of the fan quitting the teeth of the pinion belonging to that catch.
bar, and leaving the same to be brought quietly to rest, and then to be retained
motionless by action of a crank pin, which is fixed into that pinion with a corre-
sponding curved groove, in a steel plate fixed to the flat surface of the fan, in the
same manner as the like parts already described respecting the other pinion, and
operating in like manner to retain the catch bar motionless all the time whilst
the other catch bar is completing its vibration outwards away from the warp
threads, to draw the carriages out from between the warp threads quite clear
thereof, and whilst those threads are racked, and then whilst by the return of
the vibration the carriages are again inserted amongst the warp threads and
put so much through between the same as to bring their notches beneath the
edge of the said catch bar which has so remained motionless, but which then
resumes its motion. The said curved groove for each of the said crank pins is
conformable to an arch of a circle concentric with the centre of vibrating
motion for the fan at all that part of each groove into which the corresponding
crank pin is received whilst it is to be held motionless, for the purpose of
keeping the catch bar waiting, as before mentioned, near the warp threads.
The alternate vibrating motion of the fan or toothed sector is to be produced,
in the usual manner of fluted roller machines, by a revolving crank, which is
adapted to give such an extent of vibrating motion to each of the catch bars,.
when the same is swinging outwards from the warp threads, as is necessary for
drawing the carriages quite out clear from between those threads, although
each of the same catch bars, when swinging inwards towards the same warp
threads, will stop short thereof, and continue motionless whilst the carriages are
taken quite through between the threads, and whilst those threads are racked,
and until after the carriages are re-inserted through between the racked
threads. That mode of action, combined with the mode herein-before men-
tioned of exchanging of the catch bars whilst they are performing their
vibrating motion without any pause being made therein for so exchanging,
together with the application of the horizontal spindles and pinions, toothed
swing jacks, and middle bearing bridges, for sustaining and moving each of the
catch bars parallel to itself, constitutes the chief novelty of combination in this

page_text: part of my present improvements. But note.-The said mode of leaving one or
other of the said pinions and long horizontal spindles at rest, in consequence of
the teeth of the vibrating fan quitting the teeth of the pinion, together with
the said mode of governing the motion of the pinion previously to and at the
moment of so quitting, by means of a crank pin entering into a curved groove
affixed to the fan, and also of holding that crank pin, and consequently the
pinion, motionless, by the curvature of part of that groove being a concentric
circular arch, has been already applied to double-tier fluted roller machinery
for making wide pieces of bobbin net lace, according to a Patent which was
granted to me, the said Thomas Alcock, dated the Fifteenth December, One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-one; and the said mode is described, amongst
other modes, as applied to the two outermost fluted rollers of ordinary double-
tier fluted roller machinery for making wide pieces of bobbin net, in my Speci-
fication which was enrolled, in pursuance of that Patent, at the Rolls Chapel,
in June, One thousand eight-hundred and thirty-two. And note.-I make no
other claim under my said present Letters Patent to that said mode of leaving
the pinions at rest by the teeth quitting each other, with guidance by a crank
pin and curved groove, excepting the application thereof to single-tier traverse
warp machinery for making narrow breadths or quillings of bobbin net lace with
Lever's carriages, in manner aforesaid, that application for the purpose of leaving
one of the catch bars at rest near the warp threads, whilst the other continues
to move outwards away from those threads, which is a different application from
that formerly made by me, as aforesaid, to double-tier fluted roller machinery,
and for a different purpose, viz, for making narrow breadths or quillings of
bobbin net lace, instead of making wide pieces of net. And note. The re-
maining parts of the machinery of this newly combined machine (not above
described), will be for the most part the same as those of the aforesaid rotary
traverse warp fluted roller single-tier machine invented by me, the said Thomas
Alcock, as before mentioned, and described in my said Specification of the
Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three. The rotary move-
ments may be the same, and the improvements of lifting points and holding
points, and extra thicknesses to the tops of the carriages will be applied to this
newly combined machine, in the same manner and for the same purposes as
there described. And note. Reference should be had to all my three former
Specifications herein-before mentioned, for the purpose of clearly discriminating
between the improvements, whereof the exclusive use is granted to me by my
present Letters Patent, and my former improvements described in my said
former Specifications, and although such reference will, together with the
description herein-before given, explain almost all parts of my present new

page_text: combination; nevertheless, for the sake of full explanation of the mode of
applying my present improvements, and of incorporating the same with my
said former improvements, and with other well-known parts of bobbin net lace
machinery, I have, in Sheets I. to V. of the Drawings hereunto annexed, repre-
sented a machine constructed according to my present new combination in its
complete state, and shall herein-after describe the said Drawings in detail.
And, secondly, respecting such parts of my present extensions of my said
former improvements (granted by my two former, Patents, dated the Eighth
December, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two), as are for the
purpose of producing ornamental bobbin net lace, the same are for producing
spots in the breadths of bobbin net lace which is made by traverse warp
machinery of the kind described in my said Specification of the Sixth June,
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, or else of the kind herein-
before set forth, and which is in part represented in Sheets I. to V. of the
Drawings hereunto annexed, which latter is for the most part a combination
of parts of the two former machines described in my two former Specifications,
dated the Thirty-first May, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, and
the Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, the spots being
made in such breadths of bobbin net lace by gathering up and accumulating
portions of some of the same threads whereof the net is made, and interweaving
such portions amongst other of the threads, in order to form spots in the net;
those threads which are so gathered up being bobbin threads which in traverse
warp machinery form the longitudinal threads in the net. The operation of
forming a row of the spots being performed at intervals in the operation of the
machinery whenever a sufficient length of plain net has been made for inter-
vening between the succeeding rows of spots. The ordinary operations of
making the net must be suspended whilst the operation of making a row of
spots is going on, and then the operation of making spots must be suspended
whilst another intervening portion of the net is making, and when changes are
required to be made in the connections of the several parts of the machinery, in.
order to qualify it for making rows of spots at particular periods of its operation,
and then to qualify the machinery for making portions of plain net to intervene
between the rows of spots, the said changes will be made by the action of the
machinery itself, without requiring any particular attention or manipulation
of the workmen, who will proceed turning the winch handle, by which the
rotary machinery is actuated with an uninterrupted revolving motion. Ant
note. Whereas Mr. William Sneath was the first Inventor of forming
spots in bobbin net lace by gathering up and accumulating portions of
some of the same threads whereof the net is composed, and a Patent was

page_text: granted to him for that Invention on the Thirty-first December, One.
thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, wish to be understood that this
second part of my present improvements relates solely to the making of
spots in the breadths of bobbin net lace which are made by traverse warp
machinery; the mode of operating described by Mr. Sneath in his Specifica-
tion, which he enrolled in pursuance of his said Patent, not being applicable to
that class of machinery; and the same may be said respecting certain
improvements on Mr. Sneath's mode, which were afterwards invented by Mr.
William Crofts, and which are described in two Specifications, dated the
Eighth August, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, and the Twenty-
third June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-five, and which were
enrolled in pursuance of two Patents which were granted to him, for improve-
ments in machinery for making bobbin net lace, on the Eleventh February, One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, and on the Twenty-third December,
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four, wherefore this part of my present
improvements are the first means yet invented of forming spots in breadths of
bobbin net lace made by traverse warp machinery, by gathering up and accu-
mulating adjacent pairs of the bobbin threads whereof the net is composed,
those bobbin threads being longitudinal threads in the net. The making of
the spots, according to my present improvements, is to be performed by em-
ploying the ordinary rows of taking-up points, (the front row and the back row
being used alternately), to catch and gather up those particular bobbin threads
which belong to the places in the width of the net where spots are to be made
therein; the same action of the points catching and gathering up two adjacent
bobbin threads for making each spot; and each spot is composed of several such
successive gatherings up of two adjacent bobbin threads by the points; and after
each such gathering up has been performed, but before proceeding to repeat the
gathering, those two bobbin carriages which supply the two threads for each
spot are passed between the warp threads from the back combs into the front
combs at one side of one or both of their corresponding warp threads, and then
the same two carriages are repassed between the warp threads at the opposite
sides of one or both of their said corresponding warp threads, from the front
combs into the back combs, previous to again repeating the gathering up of the
same bobbin threads by the points; and by that means, at the next time for
gathering up by the points, those pairs of the bobbin threads which are then to
be caught up, will, by the said previous passing or repassing of their bobbin car-
riages between the warp threads, have become laid across their corresponding
warp threads in such manner that the points, when they are inserted between
those warp threads, will catch the said bobbin threads which have been so laid

page_text: across, but no others, and by gathering up the same a portion of each spot will
be formed; and by making several successive repetitions of so passing and
repassing the bobbin carriages, and gathering up their bobbin threads, the
spots will be rendered complete, their texture being of the nature of woven
wickerwork or basketwork, that is to say, every two bobbin threads which are
caught up together will act as weft for forming successive zig-zag courses
across and across the interval between two adjacent warp threads which corre-
spond to the said two bobbin threads; every return of each such zig-zag course
being made around one or other of those two warp threads, and the said two
zig-zag bobbin threads being also passed through the space between the said two
adjacent warp threads, in going across from one return of each zig-zag course to
the next return thereof; wherefore, the course whereby each such pair of
bobbin threads will be interwoven with their corresponding warp threads will
resemble a figure of eight when looking downwards from above on the said
course, that is to say, the said two bobbin threads pass first around the left-
hand side of the left-hand most of their two corresponding and adjacent warp
threads, then both bobbin threads pass between that left-handmost warp thread
and the adjacent right-handmost warp thread, and then they will both pass
around the right-hand side of the said last-mentioned warp thread, after
which they will repass again between the said two warp threads, and will then
proceed to turn again round the left-handmost of the two warp threads, as
before stated; and after one such zig-zag course has been thus formed, the
same course is repeated in continuation until as many such successive zig-zag
courses of both bobbin threads have been made, one below another, as will
accumulate the requisite quantity of thread for making a spot of the intended
size, which will in most cases be six of such courses. And in order to enable
the points to gather up the said pairs of bobbin threads in such manner, a set
of new parts, called pulling-off prongs, are to be cast in leads, and fixed in a
row on a horizontal bar, which is applied at the back of the machine, behind
and over the back comb bar, in such a situation that the said bar will not be
in the way of the bobbin carriages when they are put back into the back combs;
but when the operation of spotting is going on, the said bar is moved so much
forwards that the extremities of its pulling-off prongs (which are purposely
made forked) will catch two adjacent bobbin threads at the moment when
the bobbin carriages swing back through between the warp threads, and the
said prongs, by arresting those two bobbin threads, will bend and pull off from
their bobbins just so much length of thread as will be requisite for making
one of the horizontal zig-zag courses whereof each spot is to be in part com-
posed. And note.-In order to do this, a pulling-off prong is applied in their

page_text: row at every place where a spot is to be formed in the width of the net, so
that the said prongs will catch and arrest those particular bobbin threads
which are to supply threads for forming the spots, without interfering with
any other of the bobbin threads; and as soon as the pulling-off' prongs have
arrested the pair of bobbin threads (the two being gathered together like onc
thread in the act of being so arrested), and after the said prongs have pulled
off the proper quantity of each arrested thread from their respective bobbins,
then the said bar on which the pulling-off prongs are mounted begins to go
back along with the carriages during the remainder of their backward vibra-
tion, and then, after that, the said bar returns again with the carriages at the
recommencement of their forward vibration, just as is requisite in order to
cause the said prongs to keep the pairs of bobbin threads which they have
arrested properly extended, so that no more thread will be pulled off the
bobbins, nor will the threads which have been pulled off be allowed to become
slack until such time as the points shall have caught the said threads, and
began to gather them up, in part of the formation of a spot, by each pair of
such bobbin threads. And in order to enable the points to perform that office,
they must operate, in concert with the pulling-off prongs, in the following
manner: At the commencement of the operation of making the spots, at the
first time when the front row of points are drawn out of the last formed
meshes of the net, in preparation for taking up the first zig-zag course for each
spot, the front point bar must be racked half a space from one point to the
next adjacent point towards the right hand, whereby the pins of the front
points will come exactly beneath the pins of the back points after the front
points have taken up, so that the pins of the back and front points will both of
them enter into the same half meshes of the net during all the remainder of
the spotting operation, instead of one set of half meshes being held up by the
back points, and the other set of intermediate half meshes being held up
by the front points, as is usual in making plain net; but instead thereof,
the front points become inserted into those half meshes, and beneath those
crossings which the back points took up at the last time of taking up for
making plain net, before the operation of making spots was commenced;
and then, after that, both the front and back points will continue to go
down and to take up again in those said same half meshes in the net during
all the time of making spots. This being understood, it must be observed,
that the points will both of them (back and front) remain with their pins
in the meshes of the net at their usual resting position, in respect to height,
until after the pulling-off prongs have operated, as aforesaid, to pull off the
pairs of bobbin threads from their bobbins; and then (but not before), when

page_text: the pulling-off prongs begin to assume the same vibrating motion wherewith
the bobbin carriages are moving (as before explained), those points which (in
their turn) are to operate for taking up or gathering bobbin threads for the
spots, are withdrawn from the meshes of the net, leaving the other points with
their pins in the same identical meshes thereof; and the points so withdrawn
must be let down and inserted amongst those bobbin threads which they are
intended to catch and gather up in pairs, the said insertion and catching being
completed by the time that the pulling-off prongs cease to accompany the
vibrating motion of those bobbin threads on which they have been operating
for pulling off thread from their bobbins, as before explained. And when the
said points are about to penetrate amongst those said bobbin threads which
they are to catch and gather up, the pulling-off prongs which have hold of
those threads must be shogged or racked suitably for bending the said threads
so much aside as that the points will enter properly amongst them, and on the
proper side of each pair of threads for catching them and gathering them up
as the points go up; and to permit of the points so gathering the said pairs
of bobbin threads in going up, the pulling-off prongs must retreat from the
pairs of threads, when the points gather them up, in such manner that in
retreating the pulling-off prongs will give out those portions of the threads
which they have before pulled off from the bobbins, but which they have since
retained, by holding the said bobbin threads bended forwards into angles.
Note. The said gathering up of bobbin threads by the points always takes
place when the bobbin carriages are in the back combs, whether the gathering
up is to be performed by the back points or by the front ones; the points
in either case penetrating between the warp threads as well as the bobbin
threads; but when the front points act for gathering up, they penetrate
between the warp threads before they penetrate between and begin to gather
up the bobbin threads. But on the contrary, when the back points act for
gathering up, they penetrate between and begin to gather up the bobbin
threads before they penetrate the warp threads. And note.-Whether it is the
front points or the back points which act for gathering up bobbin threads, they
must always be inserted into the spaces between those adjacent warp threads
across which the zig-zag courses of bobbin threads are to be woven, as before
explained for producing the spots, whereby the pins of the points keep those
warp threads at their proper distances, apart, and prevent them from being
drawn together by the lateral tension of the bobbin threads when they are
gathered up to form their zig-zag courses aforesaid. And note.-Although
all the bobbin carriages are passed and repassed continually between the warp
threads during the operation of making spots, no twisting of any bobbin threads

page_text: Each
round warp threads will take place, excepting the aforesaid lapping of par-
ticular bobbin threads in courses resembling the curve of a figure of eight
around those pairs of adjacent warp threads which are to have spots woven
around them, and across the interval between them, as before explained.
This suspension of the twisting is accomplished by leaving all the warp threads
(excepting those said pairs of adjacent warp threads) without racking during
the operation of making spots, although those said pairs are racked for the
purpose of causing the corresponding bobbin threads to form zig-zag courses
around them. And the requisite racking of those said pairs of adjacent warp
threads is performed at the proper moments, and in their proper directions, by
means of a row of stump pins, which are inserted amongst the row of warp
threads at the moment when the operation of making spots is to be com-
menced, one such stump pin being inserted at every place in the width of the
net where a spot is to be made therein. The said row of stump pins, when
so inserted amongst the warp threads, is racked so much as is requisite for
carrying those particular warp threads aside, by bending them so far as is
requisite for racking them, in such manner as will cause the pairs of bobbin
threads which are gathered up by the points to form successive zig-zag courses
resembling the curve of a figure of eight around each of the said pairs of
adjacent warp threads, which are racked by the stump pins as aforesaid.
of the said stump pins is of such thickness as exactly to fill up the space
between the two adjacent warp threads between which they are inserted. Tho
traverse warp machinery to which the mode now describing of forming spots is
to be applied, may be constructed very much in the same manner as the rotary
traverse warp machine, described in my said former Specification of the Sixth
June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, or it may be constructed
according to the improved combination herein-before described of parts of both
the machines described in my two former Specifications of the Thirty-first
May, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, and the Sixth June, One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-three; the only modifications which are
required to be made in either of the said machines is to arrange all those
revolving camms and wheels of the rotary movements which are to be opera-
tive for making plain net (by the mode described in my said former Specifi-
eation, upon one horizontal axis (or else so as to be immediately actuated by
that axis), and providing that axis with a detaching clutch box, or other equi-
valent contrivance, which will disconnect all the rotary movements which are
upon it (or actuated by it) in an instant, so as to leave them motionless during
all the time of making spots, although the revolving crank which causes the
vibrating motion of the bobbin carriages continues to act without any inter-

page_text: mission for passing and repassing those bobbin carriages between the warp
threads. And the machine which is constructed according to this part of my
present improvements must also be provided with another new and additional
axis, whereon is arranged (or to which is connected) a series of camm wheels
and other rotary movements which are requisite for actuating the several parts
by which spots are to be made, with all the motions before explained, viz*,
suitable camms, or taking-up wheels, for moving the front point bar down and
up again, and for withdrawing the front points from the meshes of the net, and
then inserting them amongst the threads; also like camms for actuating the
back point bar in like manner in its turn. And note. A suitable racking
wheel or equivalent means must be provided for racking the front point bar
at the commencement of the operation of making spots. so that the pins of the
front row will come exactly beneath the pins of the back row of points, and
will continue so until the spots are furnished, as before mentioned; and other
suitable camms or wheels must be provided for duly inserting and properly
racking the aforesaid bar on which the row of stump pins are affixed, for the
purpose of racking those particular warp threads whereon spots are to be
formed; and also other suitable camms must be provided for moving the bar
on which the pulling-off prongs are fixed, parallel to itself, with the motions
before explained, whereby the said prongs will be caused to accompany the
bobbin carriages in the backmost portion of their vibrating motion; and also
suitable racking wheels or equivalent parts for giving appropriate racking
motions to the row of pulling-off prongs, for enabling them to perform in the
manner herein-before explained. The said additional axis on which the
several camms and other rotary movements for the spotting machinery are
so arranged (or by which they are actuated), is provided with a like clutch
box, for engaging that axis, and giving motion thereto during the spotting
operation, or for disengaging it and leaving it motionless all the time whilst
the plain net is to be made; wherefore that clutch box will be engaged at
the same instant when the other clutch box before mentioned is disen-
gaged, and vice versa. And lastly, suitable wheelwork must be provided to
the machinery for keeping count, as it were, of the progress of its operation,
and at the proper moment, when as much plain net has been made as is
required, to intervene between the spots which were last made and those which
are to be made at the next succeeding time; the said wheelwork must all at
once cause a disconnection by the clutch box of the ordinary axis on which
the ordinary camm wheels and rotary movements for making plain net are
affixed (or with which they are connected), so as to leave those parts standing
motionless, and at the same instant, by the same movement, the said wheel-

page_text: work must cause a simultaneous connection by the clutch box of the other
axis whereon the several camm wheels and rotary movement for the operation
of making spots are arranged (or with which they are connected), so as to
put all those parts in motion in a suitable manner for forming spots, in the
manner already explained. And after a row of spots has been completed,
then the said wheelwork must operate again to cause the clutch box which
belongs to the mechanism for spotting to be disconnected, in order that the
same may be left motionless all the time whilst plain net is making, and the
same operation must also cause the other clutch box which belongs to the
machinery for making plain net to be connected with a simultaneous action to
the said disengagement. And for the more complete explanation of the
mechanism whereby spots may be formed, in manner aforesaid, in the breadths
of bobbin net lace which is making in traverse warp machinery, I have, in
Sheets VI. to X. of the Drawings hereunto annexed, represented a complete
rotary traverse warp fluted rolled machine, which is constructed according to
my former improvements, as described in my said former Specification, dated
the Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, with all the new
mechanism added thereto for forming spots according to the second part of my
present extension of my former improvements, and I shall herein after describe
the said Drawings in detail description of Sheets I. to V. of the Drawings here-
unto annexed, which contain representations of the new combination herein-
before mentioned of Lever's bobbin carriages, and the catch bars for moving
them in their combs, as described in my former Specification of the Thirty-first
May, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, combined with the toothed
wheelwork, revolving crank, toothed sector (or fan), and pinions for giving
vibratory motion to the fluted rollers, as described in my other former Specifi-
cation of the Sixth of June, One thousand eight hundred eight hundred and
thirty-three, together with some new parts and suitable modifications of those
which are combined. The parts are all drawn full size, and the names of the
principal parts are written on the Drawings. Note.-Only a portion of the
complete traverse warp machine is represented, but the remainder, which is
not represented, may be the same as in the fluted roller traverse warp machine
which is represented in the Drawings annexed to my said Specification of the
Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, or may be the samo
as is represented in Sheets VI. to X. of the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Note. Those last-mentioned Drawings also contain the additional machinery
which is to be incorporated, according to the second portion of my present
improvements, with the traverse warp fluted roller machine described in my
said former Specification of the Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and

page_text: thirty-three, for the purpose of producing ornamental spots in the breadths of
bobbin net lace made by that machine. And whereas the said additional ma-
chinery for producing spots is equally applicable to the traverse warp machines
which are constructed according to the new combination now describing, and
to the fluted roller machines, such as is represented in Sheets VI. to X. of
the Drawings hereunto annexed; therefore, it may be assumed, for better
understanding of this present description, that the remainder of the machine
which is not represented in Sheets I. to V. of the Drawings hereunto annexed
is the same as the machine represented in Sheets VI. to X. of the Drawings
hereunto annexed. Although it must be kept in mind that the new combina-
tion now describing is applicable for making plain breadths of bobbin net lace
or quillings without any additional machinery for making spots, in which case
the remainder, not represented in Sheets I. to V. of the Drawings hereunto
annexed, will be the same as the machine represented in the Drawings
annexed to my said Specification of the Sixth June, One thousand eight hun-
dred and thirty-three. The new combination is confined to those parts which
give to the bobbin carriages their proper vibrating motions for passing and
repassing them between the warp threads, and as the notions so given by the
new combination are precisely the same as would be given by fluted rollers, as
described in the said Specification of the Sixth June, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-three, the application of the new combination makes no
difference in any other part of the machinery than those which belong to the
moving of the carriages. The advantages of the new combination are that
the Lever's bobbin carriages and combs and catch bars are cheaper and easier
to make than the fluted rollers with single-tier grooved carriages and grooved
combs for them. The Lever's carriages are shewn in Sheet IV., and do not
materially from those used in ordinary Lever's machinery. The combs are
rather different in form, being of full depth all their length, and of uniform
thickness, which renders them very strong. They are cast in leads, which are
screwed in rows along the comb bars k, k, in the uniform manner of Lever's
machinery or fluted roller machinery, and they leave a very wide space
between the insides of the comb bars, which is advantageous for admitting
extra guide bars to be used. There are no landing bars, or rather none which
swing with the carriages, but instead thereof two bars w, w, are fixed by
suitable cocks to the comb bars, so as to stand firm beneath the outermost
projecting ends of the combs, and the carriages rest upon those bars w, w,
when they are moved backwards and forwards in their combs, and in the same
manner the carriages rest upon the flat blades of two strips of brass plate
19, 19, which are bended to an angle, gutter fashion, and fixed to the insides

page_text: of the comb bars at the upper edges thereof, in manner described in my former
Specification of the Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three,
excepting that the said flat blades of the pieces 19, 19, apply close beneath
the innermost projecting ends of the combs. The comb bars k, k, are sus-
pended on main joints at each end, and are steadied by middle supports, the
same as in fluted roller machinery or in Lever's machinery. The sections,
Sheets I. and II., represent the swing jacks 100, to which the joint pins for
supporting the ends of the catch bars q, q, are affixed, the lower parts of those
swing jacks having sectors of teeth, to be actuated by the teeth of the pinions
101, on the two axes 0, 0, which answer to the fluted rollers in the former
machine. There is one such swing jack 100 and pinion 101 at each end of
the machine in front, and another at the back, the front ones being capable of
some extent of swinging motion, independently of the like motion of the back
ones, although both front and back ones are moveable about the same common
centre line of motion. The frontmost swing jacks 100 are mounted on the
usual horizontal centre pin at each end, and the central bosses of the front
swing jacks being turned true on the outside, they serve as tubular centre pins,
on which the backmost swing jacks are suspended, see the front elevation,
Sheet V. But note.-During the principal part of the vibrating motion of
the swing jacks they swing exactly the same, back and front, and that
coincident motion takes place about the ordinary centre pin; and it is only
when one of the catch bars stops short at the warp threads that the two swing
jacks which support the other catch bar must swing outwards a little way,
independently of their fellow swing jacks, and it is then that motion takes
place about the aforesaid tubular centre pins, in order to allow the swing
jacks in front and at back to open out to a greater angle from each other,
as is shewn in Sheet II., where the back swing jacks 100 and catch bar
9 have been left standing motionless, whilst the front swing jacks 100
and catch bar have been swinging forwards to the full extent of their
vibration, in order to bring the carriages through between the warp threads
into the front combs. In Sheet I., the back and front swing jacks are
represented as having recovered their proper angle to each other, and are
both moving with a coincident swinging motion. Each of the axes O, O, ex-
tends horizontally from one end of the machine to the other, being supported
in bearings fixed to the main joints at each end of each comb bar, in the same
manner as the outermost fluted rollers are supported in ordinary fluted roller
machinery, and as is shewn in Sheets VIII. and IX. of the Drawings hereunto
annexed; and each axis O must have such middle bearings for it fixed to the
comb bar as is requisite, according to its length, to sustain it from bending.

page_text: Each axis O has pinions 101, to actuate the swing jacks 100 at each end, and
therefore the pinions ensure that each catch bar will be moved equally at both
ends, or parallel to itself. And if the width of the machinery requires it, then
like motion may be given to the middle parts of each catch bar, in order to
support the same from bending. For this purpose other pinions 102 are fixed
on the middle parts of each of the axes O, O, as shewn in Sheet IV., and they
actuate toothed segments 103, which are fixed to small wheel carriages 104,
each carriage having two small truck wheels to run in a circularly curved
groove formed in a bearer 105, which is firmly fastened on each comb bar k,
and rises upwards and outwards therefrom, the curvature of the groove being
exactly concentric to the common centre of swinging motion. The centre pin
of the lowermost of the two truck wheels of each carriage 104 serves also as the
joint pin for sustaining the middle part of the catch bar, and that pin ranges
exactly with the two joint pins at each end which are fixed into the swing jacks
100. The axes O, O, may be sustained by a middle bearing affixed to the
bearers 105. If the width of the machine is considerable, two or three middle
supports and joints, such as is shewn in Sheet IV., may be introduced, so as
to sustain the catch bars very effectually from bending in the middle, in the
same manner as middle joints are applied to the catch bars of ordinary Lever's
machines; and in like manner suitable props or middle supports must be
provided for sustaining each of the comb bars, and prevent them from bending
or twisting, but without preventing them from being opened apart from each
other, when requisite, for giving access to the guides and parts included within
the comb bars. The said middle props or supports may have a firmly fixed
stay rising up from them, to apply to the outermost edge of each of the bearers
105, and those edges being concentric to the common centre line will not
impede such lifting up of the comb bar, although the said stays will sustain
the comb bars at the same time that they maintain the bearers 105 quite
firmly for giving support to the catch bars. It is now sufficiently explained
that the catch bars q, q, will be moved each one parallel to itself by aid of the
axes O, O, and their pinions 101, 102, and toothed segments 100 and 103,
although no swinging landing bars are used, as in Lever's machinery, and it
only remains to shew how suitable motions are given to the two axes O, O.
For this purpose, on one end of each axis O, a pinion m, Sheets III. and V., is
fixed, being of rather larger size than the several pinions before mentioned, and
being adapted to be engaged by the teeth of the toothed sector or fan P, which
is mounted on one of the main centre pins, in the same manner as in ordinary
fluted roller machinery; and in like manner thereto, the fan is caused to
vibrate with a continually oscillating motion by means of a link Q, whereof

page_text: one end is jointed to the fan and the other end to the upper joint of a lever at
the back of the machine, such as is marked N in Sheets VII. and IX. of the
Drawings hereunto annexed; the lower end of the lever N being connected,
as there shewn, by the crank rod N, with a revolving crank a, at the extreme
end of an axis t, which is kept continually revolving by wheelwork K and I, all
which is fully explained in my former Specification of the Sixth June, One thou-
sand eight hundred and thirty-three. But note.-The machine there described,
and also in that represented in Sheets VII. and IX. of the Drawings hereunto
annexed, has the fan Pmade with internal teeth operating in the teeth at the under
parts of the two pinions m, m; whereas in the new combination now describing,
the fan is made with external teeth operating in the teeth at the upper parts of
the two pinions m, m. This difference is unimportant, because either kind of fan
might be used in either case, but as the pinions m, m, will be turned round in
a contrary direction by the same vibrating motion of a fan with internal teeth
to that direction in which they would be turned by a fan with external teeth,
the wheelwork K and I, for turning the revolving crank t, must be arranged
so that it will be moving through the uppermost simicircle of its revolution,
if a fan with external teeth is employed, as represented in Sheet III., when it
would be moving through the lowermost semicircle thereof, if a fan with internal
teeth were to be used, as represented in Sheet VI. or VII. The alternating
vibratory motion which is thus given to the fan P, Sheet III., communicates
an alternate turning motion to the two pinions m, m, and by their axes o, o,
and pinions 101 and 102, actuating the toothed segments 100 and 105, a like
alternating vibratory motion is transmitted to the catch bars q, q, and by them
to the bobbin carriages. The two catch bars move with coincident motions, and
their edges correspond exactly to their respective notches in the carriages, as is
shewn in Sheet I., although one of the catch bars is let down into one of those
notches, and the other may be raised up out of them, that correspondence
being preserved by one of the teeth of the fan P engaging the teeth of both
the pinions m, m, at once. But as soon as, in the course of such vibration,
either of the catch bars is come near to the warp threads, as shewn in Sheet
III. and IV., that catch bar having been already lifted up out of the notches of
the carriages, must then stop short and remain motionless in the same position,
whilst the other catch bar continues moving to the full extent of its vibration
outwards, in order to draw the carriages quite through the warp threads,
so as to leave those threads free for being racked. The said cessation of the
motion of that catch bar which is arrived near to the innermost extent of its
vibration is caused by the teeth of the fan P being deficient, and quitting the
teeth of the pinion m, as is shewn in Sheet III., so as to leave that pinion dis-

page_text: connected with the moving machinery; and in order to govern the motion of
the pinion m, which is so quitted, a little before and a little after such quitting,
in a proper manner for bringing the catch bar 7 to rest quietly, and without
any shock, and then afterwards for detaining the same catch bar quietly at
rest, a crank pin 106 is fixed into the pinion m, so as to project out horizon-
tally from the flat surface of the pinion, in the manner of a handle or revolving
crank, and a small steel roller or truck is fitted upon the said crank pin 106,
to enter into a curved groove 108, which is formed in a plate at one side of
the fan P. Whenever the pinion m is actuated by the fan, the crank pin 106 is
carried round in a circular orbit, and in the course of so moving, the crank
pin 106 enters into the curved groove 108, which, in vibrating with the fan P,
advances towards the pin, so as to receive the same in the entrance of the
groove a little before the catch bar has reached the position at which it is
intended to rest; that entrance of the crank pin taking place when it is in
that part of its circular orbit which is nearest to the centre of motion of the
fan. The curvature of the groove 108 is such that the crank pin will at its
first entrance be guided thereby, with a tendency to carry it round in its
circular orbit with precisely the same speed as it derives from the teeth of the
fan P, turning the teeth of its pinion m, but that coincident action is only
during an instant, whilst the erank pin is entering into the groove, so as to get
completely entered into the groove, and included between both sides of the
groove; but by the time that the crank pin is so entered, the last tooth of the fan
P will quit the corresponding tooth of the pinion m, which thereupon ceases to
be turned any further by those teeth. Nevertheless, the turning motion of
the pinion is continued a little further by action of the curved groove 108
upon the crank pin 106, which is included in the said groove, and that
action will cause the crank pin to be impelled further round in its circular
orbit as the groove continues to vibrate with the fan. But owing to the
peculiar curvature of the groove 108, and to the change of position of the
crank pin as it is thereby forced further and further round in its circular orbit,
the turning motion which is so given to the pinion m, and consequently the
motion given to the catch bar q, which is approaching towards the warp
threads, becomes slower and slower as it proceeds farther, until it ceases totally
by the time that the groove 108 has swung so far as to have carried the crank
pin 106 into the position shewn in Sheet III., and as to have entered into
that part of the groove 108 which is an arch of a circle concentric with the
main centre pin; and then, after that, although the fan P continues to move
further, in completion of its vibration, as far as the position shewn in Sheet III.,
no further motion will be communicated to the crank pin 106, or its pinion m,

page_text: or to the catch bar q, belonging thereto, but the same will be left standing
still near to the warp threads, as shewn in Sheets II., III, and IV. Thus,
by means of the said action of the curved entrance groove 108, on the crank
pin 106, the catch bar will have been brought quietly to rest as soon as it
approaches near to the warp threads, and it will then be kept motionless close
to those threads whilst the other catch bar is completing its vibration and
drawing the bobbin carriages quite through between the warp threads into the
front combs, leaving the warp threads at liberty to be racked; and then, after
that racking, the fan P commences its returning vibration, whereupon the
pinion m, which remains engaged with the teeth of the fan P, will be turned
backwards, and the corresponding catch bar q will begin to return towards the
warp threads, in order to insert the carriages again between the warp threads
the instant after those threads have been racked; but the other catch bar,
belonging to the other pinion m, which is disconnected from the fan, will con-
tinue motionless near to the warp threads, in the manner already described,
until the carriages have entered so far through between those warp threads as
to bring their notches nearly beneath the edge of the blade of the motionless
catch bar; and by that time the groove 108, in returning, will have removed
its concentric portion from the crank pin 106, and the curved portion of the
groove coming to the crank pin will begin to turn that pinion round in its
circular orbit, and consequently begins to move the catch bar away from the
warp threads, commencing the removal with an easy motion, and accelerating
as the motion proceeds, until the pinion m begins to be turned round, by the
action of the groove on the crank pin, with precisely the same speed as the
pinion m would be turned by having its teeth engaged with the teeth of
the fan P, and at the instant when that proper speed of motion is attained, the
outermost tooth of the fan comes in contact with the teeth of the pinion m.
so as to engage with them; and after that the vibration continues with a
coincident motion of the two catch bars, their edges continuing exactly at
such a distance apart as will correspond to the notches of the carriages, as
represented in Sheet I. And note.-When that catch bar which had remained
motionless near to the warp threads first resumed its vibrating motion, it begun
to move somewhat gradually, as before stated, in order to avoid any shock or
abrupt transition from rest to full speed of motion; wherefore, at the com-
mencement of that gradual motion the notches of the carriages would not have
entered so far through between the warp threads as to get exactly beneath the
edge of the catch bar, but the carriages moving with their proper speed whilst
the catch bar is getting gradually into motion for attaining that speed, the
notches of the carriage will overtake the edge of the catch bar, so as to get

page_text: precisely beneath that edge at the moment when the re-engagement of the
teeth of the fan with those of the pinion takes place, after which the distance
between the edges of the catch bars will continue invariable, and exactly
suitable to the notches of the catch bars, in the manner shewn in Sheet I., so
long as the teeth of the fan continue to be engaged with the teeth of both the
pinions m, m; and that condition of the parts continues until, in the course
of the returning vibration, the other catch bar arrives near to the warp
threads, and then the crank pin 106 of its pinion me will be gathered into the
other groove 108 of the fan, and immediately after that gathering the teeth
of the fan P will quit those of the pinion m, so as to allow the catch bar q
(which has been previously lifted up out of its notches of the carriages), to
be brought to rest, without shock or abruptness, by action of the curvature
of the entrance part of the groove 108, in the manner herein-before described
respecting the opposite catch bar with its pinion and crank pin; and the
catch bar so brought to rest will then be retained motionless, whilst that
opposite catch bar is completing its vibration, and drawing the carriages
through between the warp threads quite clear of them, for the purpose of
racking those threads, and after that, when the return of the vibration of the
fan and of the catch bar reinserts the carriages between the warp threads,
and passes them so far through between the warp threads that their notches
come very nearly beneath the edge of the catch bar which has remained at
rest, the same will resume its motion, all which is exactly the same as already
explained respecting the other catch bar. And note. The aforesaid mode
of leaving one or other of the pinions m at rest by the teeth of the fan P
vibrating so far as to quit the teeth of the pinion m, and then governing the
subsequent motion and rest of the pinion m by a crank pin 106, fixed to the
pinion m, and acting in curved groove 108 in the fan P, differs in its action
and application from the action and application of the corresponding parts
described in my former Specification, enrolled in pursuance of my Patent of the
Fifteenth day of December, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, inas-
much as that the latter were applied to double-tier fluted roller machinery for
making wide pieces of bobbin net lace, and that application required one of the
pinions and fluted rollers to be left at rest by the teeth of the fan quitting the
teeth of the said pinion whilst one row of the carriages were engaged with the
fluted roller so left to rest, the intention being to bring those carriages to rest,
and thereby to shorten the extent of the vibration of those carriages outwards
from the warp threads; whereas the present application of corresponding
parts is to single-tier traverse warp machinery, with Lever's carriages and
catch bars, making narrow breadths of bobbin net lace, the application not

page_text: pur-
being to any fluted roller, nor is the leaving of the pinion at rest for the
pose of bringing the carriages to rest, but only for causing one of their catch
bars, which is then disengaged from the carriages, to stop short when it
approaches near to the warp threads, whilst the other catch bar is swinging
out with the carriages to the full extent of its vibration outwards from those
threads, and the carriages do not in any way partake of the cessation of
the motion which is occasioned by the teeth of the fan quitting those of the
pinion. The lifting up and letting down of the catch bars, at the proper times
for taking their edges out of and letting them down into the notches of the
carriages, is performed by means of small truck rollers 107, 107, which
are fitted upon stud pins fixed into each end of each catch bar, and during
the vibrating motion of the catch bars those trucks run along fixed bearers
109, whereof the outer portions are curved to circular arches concentric with
the common centre line of the vibratory motion, but the innermost parts of the
same bearers are suitably curved for lifting up the catch bars when their truck
rollers pass over the same in approaching towards the warp threads, or for
letting down the catch bars when they are receding from those threads.
Each of the catch bars being always lifted up quite clear out of notches of the
carriages before the teeth of the fan quit those of the pinion belonging to that
catch bar, and the said lifting up and letting down parts of the bearers 109
may be adapted to let down that catch bar which is receding from the threads,
so that it will enter into its notches in the carriages before the opposite catch
bar which is approaching towards the warp threads will have been lifted
up out of its notches in the carriages. The exchanging of the catch bars,
that is, the letting down of one, and the lifting up of the other, is performed
quietly whilst the catch bars are performing their vibrating motion, without
any pause being required for so exchanging catch bars. The curved bearers
109 may be sustained by upright stems 110, which descend from the middle
support of the main centre pin, as is shewn in Sheet V., being fixed thereto in
front and at the back by screws, so as to be capable of adjustment in respect
to height, in order that the weight catch bars may be borne up as much
as is desirable without bearing more upon the carriages than is proper.
Description of Sheets VI. to X. of the Drawings hereunto annexed, which
represent a rotary traverse warp fluted roller machine, substantially the same
as the machine which is described in my Specification of the Sixth June,
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, which was enrolled in the
Rolls Chapel as aforesaid, but with the addition to that machine of the new
parts which are to be applied thereto, according to my present improvements,
as herein-before explained, for the purpose of making spots in the net made

page_text: by such machine.
And in order to avoid needless repetitions, the same
letters and numeral characters for reference, which were used in the Drawings
annexed to my said former Specification, are used in the Drawings hereunto
annexed to denote the same or corresponding parts of the machinery, and by
that means the description contained in my said former Specification will
explain the present Drawings, so far as the machinery is the same, that is
to say, as far as the making of breadths of plain bobbin net lace is concerned,
the machinery is nearly identical with that described in my former Specifica-
tion, excepting some few alterations which are made therein for the purpose of
applying the spotting apparatus and machinery, but which alterations are
immaterial to the making of plain net. For instance, the long crank handle
E, E, Sheet VIII., which in the former Specification is described as extending
all across the width of the machine, is now cut short, so as to extend only half
way across the width of the machine, the end being supported in a middle
bearing bracket affixed to the middle of the front horizontal sole bar; and
the two large spur wheels, formerly marked G and I, which were at the left-
hand end of the machine, are wholly removed, and in licu thereof a spur wheel
43, of seventy-four feet, is fixed on the extreme end of the main axis J, and
turns another spur wheel 44, of thirty-seven teeth, which is fixed on the extreme
end of a short horizontal axis 45, monnted in a suitable bearing bracket affixed
to the front leg of the left-hand machine end C; and on the opposite end of
the same axis 45, the crank 21 is fixed, for actuating the crank rod 22, which,
together with the other parts which are actuated by it, for the purpose of alter-
nately raising and lowering the lifting point bar 3, are precisely the same as in
the former machine. And note.-The alteration (now describing) in the
mode of applying the crank 21, at the end of an axis 45, instead of fixing the
same on the end of the long crank handle E, makes no difference whatever in
the action of the said crank 21, whereby it raises and lowers the lifting point
bar 3, so long as the machine is making plain net; but the said alteration is
made in order to enable the said crank 21 to be disconnected from the long
crank handle E whilst spots are making, in order that the said crank 21,
together with the lifting points 4, which it actuates, may stand motionless
during all the time of making spots, although the long crank handle E con-
tinues to be turned regularly, for the purpose of actuating the spotting machi-
nery. Another alteration is, that the large spur cog wheel I, on the right-
hand end of the main axis J, J, although the same as in my former machine,
is not now fixed fast on that axis as it was, but the said wheel is fitted on a
round part of the axis J, so as to be capable of turning freely round thereon,
and the wheel I is connected with the axis J, so long as the plain net is

page_text: making, by means of a flat circular plate 46, which is fixed fast to the central
boss of the cog wheel I, and another like plate 47, which is fixed fast on the
axis J, and a notch is cut on the edge of each of the said plates 46 and 47, to
receive the hooked end of a catch 28, which is mounted on a stud centre pin
firmly connected to the cog wheel I, and the catch 28 is provided with a spring
tending to urge the said hooked end into both the said notches; and so long as
the machine is making plain net, the said tooth is inserted into the said two
notches, and thereby the large wheel I is securely united to the axis J, so as
to oblige the axis to go round with the wheel just the same as formerly
described. And another alteration is in the mode of applying the stops to
which the two rows of points go up when they are at their resting position.
Instead of the pins of the back and front point rows intersecting each other,
and standing at the same level when in their resting position, they are kept
one a little under the other when in that position. That row of points
(whether back or front) which took up the last is stopped at a rather lower
level for its resting position than the other row which took up previously, and
then, when the uppermost of the two rows is withdrawn from the meshes of
the net the other row which was the lowermost becomes the uppermost in its
turn. This mode of stopping the point bars, which is in common use in lace
machines, is well known, the simplest mode of effecting it is to affix their blade
stops, called horns, to each of the point bars, at the ends thereof, to project out
therefrom, so as to range exactly with the under side, and the upper sides of
the row of pins belonging to the same bar; and those blade stops or horns
will apply one over the other in the act of taking up the horn of that row of
points which is for the time the uppermost row, bearing upwards beneath the
usual fixed stops or rapping gage screws, whilst the horn of the other row,
which is the lowermost row, is bearing upwards beneath the said uppermost
horn. This alteration, like those others before mentioned, makes no difference
in the mode of operation of the machinery so long as the same is making
plain net. The additional parts which are applied for the purpose of making
spots are as follows:-A smaller spur cog wheel 30, of seventy-five teeth, is
aflixed to the arms of the large spur cog wheel I, and the teeth of the wheel 30
gives motion to another spur wheel 31, of fifty teeth, which is fitted on the
right-hand end of a long horizontal axis 32, 32, which extends all the length
of the machine beneath the main axis J, J, being supported in like manner on
bearings at each of the machine ends C, C. The spur wheel 31 is fitted on a
round part at the right-hand end of its axis 32, in the same manner as the
large spur wheel I is fitted on the end of its axis J, J, and is in like manner
provided with a flat circular plate 33, attached to the wheel 31; and another

page_text: corresponding plate 34 is fixed on the axis 32, and each of those plates has a
notch in one part of its circumference to admit the hooked end of a spring
catch 35, which is mounted on a stud centre pin fixed into the wheel 31, and
the hooked end of the catch 35 is inserted into the said two notches when
spots are to be made, and will then connect the two plates 33 and 34, and
thereby cause the axis 32 to be turned round during all the time that by dis-
engagement of the corresponding catch 28 of the two circular plates 46 and
47 for the axis J, J, that axis is left motionless, although its large spur wheel I
is kept in continual motion by the connection of the spur wheel G from the
bandle E. The spur wheel 31 is also kept in continual motion by its connec-
tion with the spur wheel 30, which is affixed to the large wheel I, and is
thereby turned round at the rate of one and a half turns for each turn of the
wheel I; and the smaller spur wheel K, on the axis t of the revolving cranka,
is likewise kept in continual motion by its connection with the teeth of the
large wheel I, wherefore the crank a, and crank rod M, and back lever N,
with the connecting link Q to the toothed sector or fan P, are kept con-
tinually in action for communicating an alternate vibrating or oscillating
motion to the fan P, and by its two pinions m, on the ends of the two fluted
rollers o, o, and by the flutes of those rollers acting in the teeth at the under
sides of the bobbin carriages, those carriages are caused to vibrate alternately
backwards and forwards in their circular combs without intermission, so
long as the handle E continues to be turned round, and that action will be
the same whether spots are making or whether plain net is making. But
by means of the two pairs of connecting plates 46, 47, and 33, 34, with
their respective catches 28 and 35, and by engaging and disengaging those
catches in due succession, the axis J is left motionless when spots are
making, the lower axis 32 being then turned regularly round, and the
axis 32 is left motionless when plain net is making, the axis J being
then turned regularly round. The hooked ends of the two catches
28 and 35 are put into action and taken out of action alternately by a
simultaneous and reciprocal change at the moment when the operation of
forming a row of spots is to be commenced, and then again at the moment
when the same row is finished, and the making of plain net is to be resumed.
For this purpose the extreme ends or tails of the spring catches 28 and 35 arc
extended outwards into proper situations to be intercepted by the extreme ends
of two horizontal sliding bolts 36 and 37, which are fitted into bearing sockets
affixed to the right-hand machine end C, in such manner that when either of
the said bolts is moved endways in its socket, in a direction towards the
machine end C, it will go quite out of the way of the tail of that spring catch

page_text: 28 or 35 upon which it is intended to operate, and leave the same with its
hooked end inserted into the notches of the two circular plates 46, 47, or 33, 34,
so as to connect them together. But when either of the bolts 36 or 37 is slided
endways in an opposite direction, or away from the machine end C, then the
extremity of the said bolt will project out from its sockets into the plane in
which the tail of the corresponding spring catch 28 or 35 is carried round, by
the revolving motion of the cog wheel I or 31, to which that catch is attached;
and when, in the course of that motion, the tail of the catch 28 or 35 is
brought round to the end of the bolt 36 or 37, the latter, by intercepting the
tail of the catch, will raise the hooked end thereof out of the notches of the two
circular plates 46, 47, or 33, 34, which thereby become disconnected; after
which, the cog wheel I or 31 will turn round on its axis J or 32, without com-
municating any motion thereto. The uppermost bolt 36, which is provided for
intercepting the tail of the spring catch 28, is connected by an arm 38,
Sheet VII., with another larger sliding bolt 39, which governs and commu-
nicates motion to the smaller bolt 36; and the bolt 39 is also connected, by
a lever 40, with the lowermost bolt 37, which is provided for intercepting the
tail of the spring catch 35. The lever 40 extends in an inclined direction from
one of those bolts at 39 to the other at 37, being poised on a fixed centre pin
near to the middle of its length; and by the connection of the lever 40, one of
the bolts 36 or 37 will always be withdrawn out of action at the moment when
the other of them is put into action, so as to connect one of the axes J or 32
at the very instant when the other is disengaged. The sliding bolt 39 is
moved endways, as is required, by means of a racking wheel 48, shewn by
dotted lines in Sheet IX., see also Sheet VII., which is applied at the left-
hand extremity of the bolt 39, that wheel being fixed upon a horizontal cross
axis, which is mounted in a bearing bracket fixed to the machine end C; and
on that axis is a ratchet wheel 49, of fifteen teeth, which is clawed round one
tooth every time that the crank rod M is moved backwards, that so when the
carriages are swung backwards into the back row of combs. For this purpose
a claw 50 is pointed to a stout lever arm, which is affixed to the back lever N,
and which projects out forwards therefrom in the manner of an elbow lever,
and therefore at every time when the crank rod M is moved forwards, the
claw 50 takes a tooth of the ratchet wheel 49; aud then, when the crank
rod M is moved backwards, the said ratchet wheel is clawed round one tooth.
But the successive motions which are thus given to the racking wheel 48
produce no effect upon the sliding bolt 39, so long as the making of plain ne
is going on; but by the time that as much of such net is made as is intended
to intervene between one row of spots and the next succeeding row thereof,

page_text: then a prominence of the racking wheel 48 presents itself to the end
of the sliding bolt 39, and pushes the same endways, together with the
other smaller bolt 36, which is connected with it by the arm 38, so as
to protrude the end of the bolt 36 so far out of its bearing socket that
it will intercept the tail of the spring catch 28 of the circular plates 46, 47,
and thereby the axis J will become disconnected as soon as the catch 28 is
carried so far round by the motion of the wheel I, so as to bring its tail
end into contact with the bolt 36; and that disconnection is arranged to tako
place whilst the carriages are swinging forwards between the warp threads,
so that the disconnection will be completed at the moment when the carriages
have come so far forwards into the front combs as to have just quitted the
warp threads, and after that the main axis J will continue motionless
during all the time whilst the spots are making. And the same action of
racking wheel 48 which protrudes the bolts 39 and 36, as above mentioned,
also by the connection of the lever 40, withdraws the lowermost sliding bolt 37
out of the way of the tail of the spring catch 35, so as to allow that catch to
engage its hooked end into the notches of the two circular plates 33, 34, and
thereby connect the axis 32 with its spur wheel 31, in order to begin to turn
the same round. And the form of the racking wheel 48 is such that it will
retain the bolt 39 motionless during all the time of making the spots, notwith-
standing that the racking wheel 48 is turned round one tooth of the ratchet
wheel 49 every time that the carriages are put backwards into the back combs.
But after that turning round has been repeated a proper number of times,
then the prominente of the racking wheel 48 will have passed away, and will
allow the bolt 39 to be drawn back by action of a suitable spring, so as to
withdraw the end of its fellow bolt 36 out of the way of the tail of the catch
28, which will then re-engage the axis J with its spur wheel I. And the
same motion of the bolt 39 will, by the connection of the lever 40, protrude
the end of the lower bolt 37 so far out of the sockets for it as to carry that
end into the way of the tail end of the spring catch 35, which, as it is brought
round by the motion of the wheel 31, will be disengaged so as to leave the
axis 32 standing motionless at the same instant when the other catch 28 is
engaged, in order to put the main axis J in motion. And note.-In order to
retain the said axis J and 32 quite motionless at all times when they are
disconnected from their respective cog wheels J and 31, small arms are affixed
to the two sliding bolts 36 and 37, and the ends of those arms reach out
opposite to the flat surfaces of the circular plates 47 and 34, in such manner
that those ends will be brought nearly into lateral contact with the flat
surfaces whenever the bolts 36 or 37 are protruded into such positions as to

page_text: intercept the tail ends of the catches 28 and 35. The end of each such arm
is fitted with a spring sliding bolt, somewhat similar to the spring bolt or latch
of a door lock, and the extreme end of that spring bolt is adapted to shoot
into a hole in the flat surface of the circular plate 46 or 34, so as to lock and
hold the same fast, and prevent it, as well as the axes J or 32, from turning
round. The spring of the said bolt allows it to yield a little when the end of
the bolt is first brought into contact with the flat surface of the circular plate 46
or 34, and the bolt shoots out suddenly into the hole in that plate the instant
that the said hole comes opposite to the bolt, which takes place at the same
instant that the spring catch 28 or 35 of the same bolt is disengaged. And
when either of the sliding bolts 36 or 37 are taken back to remove them out
of the way of intercepting the tails of the spring catches 28 and 35, then the
same motion will take away the said arm, together with the bolt which it
carries, and withdraw the same from the hole in the circular plate. And
note. The deficient part of the circumference of the racking wheel 48, which
allows the bolt 39 to be drawn back by its spring, as before explained, out of
the way of the spring catch 28, is adapted to leave the bolt 39 quite motionless
all the time that the plain net is making, notwithstanding that the wheel 48 is
turned round one tooth of the ratchet wheel 49 at every time that the carriages
swing backwards, but after that turning round has been repeated as many times
as is requisite for making the extent of plain net that is intended to intervene
between the successive rows of spots, then the prominence of the racking
wheel 48 will be brought round again into action to protrude the bolt 39, as
before mentioned. See the form of the racking wheel 48 in Sheet VI. The
means whereby the machinery is made to change from that state in which it
is prepared for making plain net to that state in which it is prepared for
making spots can now be readily understood. All the camms and rotary
motions which belong to the making of plain net are fixed in the main
axis J, J, excepting the revolving crank a, which, with its lever N and
sector P, the two pinions m, m, and two fluted rollers 0, 0, cause the
vibrating motion of the carriages, all which parts derive their motion
from the large cog wheel I, by means of the smaller cog wheel K, and
also excepting the crank 21, with its crank rod 22, lever arm 23, axis 8,
the crank bar arms 6 thereof, and their upright links 5, to move the lifting
point bar 3 up and down by guidance of the vertical slots in the brackets 7;
all which last-mentioned parts derive their motion from the main axis J,
by the spur cog wheels 43 and 44, which are never disconnected from each
other; but when the main axis J, J, is disengaged, and so long as it con-
tinues motionless, all the aforesaid parts which belong to the making of

page_text: plain net will remain inoperative, excepting the vibrating motion of the car-
ringes, which is required to be performed just the same whilst the spots are
making as when the plain net is making. The lower axis 32, which is put
into motion at the same instant that the main axis J ceases to move, is pro-
vided with another set of camms, suitably formed and arranged for producing
all the movements of the several parts which are requisite for making spots
in the net, after the manner herein-before explained, that is to say, on the
right-hand end of the axis 30 two pulling-down camms 51, 52, are fixed,
for actuating the two point bars y, y, at the back and at the front. These
camms are substitutes for the ordinary pulling-down camms 1, 1, on the end of
the main axis, which are operative whilst the plain net is making. The said
camms 51 and 52 act upon trucks at the end of levers 53, 54, which are
connected by short upright links 29, 29, with the ordinary pullin-gdown levers
U, U, therefore the canims 51, 52, when they revolve in making spots, become
operative to pull down the back and front point bars alternately; but the
ordinary camms 1, 1, present their deficient parts to the levers U, U, so long
as the axis J remains motionless, and do not therefore interfere with the
pulling-down action of the camms 51, 52. The only difference of action on
the point bars, whether they are actuated by the ordinary camms 1, 1, on the
axis J, or by the camms 51, 52, on the axis 32, being in respect to frequency of
repetition of the periods of their action, for the axis 32 makes one and a half
revolutions whilst the axis J makes only one revolution, and in consequence of
that quickness the cammis 51, 52, are caused to pull down one or other of the
point bars y, y, at every time that the carriages have passed between the warp
threads into the back combs, and the two point bars y, y, are drawn upwards
by their pulling-up springs R, and elbow levers with links, as usual. The
withdrawing of the two rows of points from the threads and then reinserting
them amongst those threads, is performed during the operation of making spots
by one truck roller 55, whereof the centre pin is fixed into a circular plate on
the extreme end of the axis 32, so that the said roller is carried round in a
circular orbit; and in the course of such motion it presses first one and then
the other of the two long pendulous levers T outwards from the axis 32, so as
to withdraw the points from amongst the threads, the front points at one time
and the back points at the next time. The points are caused to rc-enter
amongst the threads by the reaction of springs, which are applied to the point
bars at S, as usual. The pendulous levers T are affixed to the left-hand
extremity of each of the spindle bars Y, Y, of the crank bar arms, in which
the point bars y, y, are suspended at the back and in the front. The said
levers Tare prolonged downwards, so as to come within reach of the rollers 55.

page_text: Note. The corresponding truck roller which is fixed into one of the arms
of the cog wheel 43 on the end of the axis J, operates in the usual manner in
order to withdraw the points whilst plain net is making, but when the axis J
ceases to turn round, it stops with that truck roller in a position where it will
not interfere with the action of the pendulous levers T. And note.-The two
additional pulling down camms 51 and 52, at the right-hand end of the axis 32,
and the truck roller 55, at the left-hand end, are adapted to act in due concert
one with the other during the making of the spots, so as to give the requisite
motions to the back and front rows of points alternately, in the same manner as
the ordinary pulling down camms 1, 1, on the end of the main axis J, are adapted
to act in concert with the truck roller on the axis J, for actuating the same
point bars whilst plain net is making and which is fully explained in my said
former Specification of the Sixth June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
three; the only difference therefrom in the present machine being in the
application of the stopping gage screws or rapping screws with overlapping
horns to the point bars, as herein-before explained. It has also been herein-
before mentioned that at the commencement of the operation of making
spots the front points are racked half a space to the right hand, in order
that the pins of the front row of points may be brought exactly under
the pins of the back row. For this purpose an extra conductor plate 56,
Sheets VII., VIII., and IX., is applied to the front point bar y, by means
of an extra arm 42, which is affixed to the right-hand end of that bar,
and which descends therefrom, with a gage screw to apply laterally against
the said extra conductor 56, whereof the backmost end is mounted on an
upright centre pin, fixed to the machine end C, and the foremost end is
acted upon by a small racking wheel 57, see also Sheet VI., the said racking
wheel 57 being fixed on an upright axis which is mounted in a small
bearing bracket, and a ratchet wheel 58, of twelve teeth, is also fixed on
the same upright axis, and is turned round by a driver 59 one tooth at every
time that the front point bar is drawn forwards, in order to take the points
out of the threads, the said driver 59 being for that purpose jointed to the
lower end of a joint piece 60, which descends from the lower end of the right-
handmost crank bar arm, by which the front point bar y is suspended. By
this means a turning-round motion is given to the racking wheel 57, and it pre-
sents a depression of its circumference to the end of the extra conductor plate
56 all the time that the plain net is making, and then that plate yields towards
the left, so as to be wholly inoperative, leaving the front point bar quite at
liberty to be borne endways towards the left by its spring in the usual manner,
as far as its ordinary gage screw at the left-hand end will allow, that screw

page_text: bearing laterally against the ordinary fixed conductor plate X, whereof the
surface is suitably formed for conducting the front points with such racking
motions as they require to have given to them in the act of taking up; all
which is fully explained in my said former Specification of the Sixth June,
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, and is not altered in this present
machine, except when spots are to be made, and then, at the first time when
the front points are withdrawn from the meshes of the net, after the main axis
J has been disconnected and left motionless, the racking wheel 57 presents a
prominence to the front end of the extra conductor plate 56, and moves the
same so far towards the right hand as will bring the plate 5G in contact with
the gage screw of the extra arm 42 of the front point bar, and thereby bear
that bar half a space endways towards the right, as is herein-before stated to be
requisite in order to bring the pins of the front row exactly under those of the
back row; and the extra conductor plate 56 is retained in the same position
all the time whilst spots are making, its right-handmost surface, against which
the gage screw of the extra arm 42 applies, being suitably formed for conducting
the front points with such racking motions as they require to have for making
their proper insertions amongst the threads in the act of taking up to form
spots. And note.-The back point bar continues to be conducted by its ordinary
conducting plate X at the left-hand end of the machine in its usual manner all
the time whilst spots are making, as well as whilst plain net is making, and by
the time that a row of spots are completed, the aforesaid turning round of the
ratchet wheel 58 by its driver 59 one tooth at every time that the front points
are withdrawn will have caused the prominence of the racking wheel 57 to
pass away from the extra conductor plate 56, so as to allow the front points to
return to their ordinary conducting plate X at that time. when the front points
operate for taking up the meshes of plain net, immediately after the making of
a row of spots, that is, a little while after the moment when the axis 32 is dis-
connected, and ceases to turn round, and when the main axis J resumes its
motion. And respecting the parts herein-before mentioned, called pulling-off
prongs, the same are represented in full size at 41 in the section, Sheet
VI.; the said prongs are cast in leads, shewn separately at Figure 41, at
Sheet VI., at such distances apart as the spots are required to be made in
a row across the width of the net, and such leads are fixed in a row side
by side by screws on a horizontal bar 61, which is applied at the back of the
machine, being supported by short joint arms, which proceed backwards from
it, and which are jointed at their backmost ends to the upper ends of crank
bar arms 62, which rise up from a horizontal spindle bar 63, supported in
bearing brackets from the back sole bar, by which means the row of prongs 41
C

page_text: can be moved backwards and forwards, but will always continue horizontal and
e or conduct the forked extremities of the
parallel to itself; and in order to guide-
prongs in a suitable course for conforming to the vibrating motion of the bobbin
threads on which the prongs are to operate, a short tipper arm 64 is fixed to
the bar 61, and projects out backwards therefrom, having a truck roller at the
extremity, to apply to the under side of a curved conductor 65, which is fixed
by a stem to the back sole bar, and rises upwards and backwards therefrom.
And in order to give suitable motion to the pulling off bar 61, a lever arm 66
is affixed to the spindle bar 63, and reaches downwards therefrom; and the lower
end is actuated by a truck at the upper end of a lever arm 67, which is fixed on
a short horizontal axis 68, at the back of the machine, and from which another
lever arm 69 reaches out forwards, with a truck at its foremost end, to be
actuated by a camm 70, which is fixed on the left-hand end of the axis 32, see
Sheet IX. And a suitable reacting spring is applied to the lower end of the
lever arm 66, tending to urge the bar 61 forwards. During the time of making
spots, the camm 70 will cause the bar 61, and the row of pulling-off prongs 41
to be moved backwards and forwards with precisely the same motions herein-
before described for arresting certain pairs of adjacent bobbin threads, when the
same swing backwards, and thereby bending and pulling off portions of those
threads from their respective bobbins; and having done so, the said prongs 41
afterwards move coincidently with the vibrating motions of the said threads,
in order to keep the same tight in their bended conditions, as shown in
Sheet VI., until the taking-up points, either back or front, will have caught
those bended threads, and gathered them up in part of the formation of
the spots, all which has been herein-before fully described. And when the
operation of making spots is finished, and the making of plain net is to be
resumed, the said row of pulling-off prongs 41 must be taken back quite out
of the way of the bobbin threads, when the same swing back to the furthest
extent of their vibrating motion. For this purpose the axis 68 is moved
endways in its bearings so much towards the right-hand as is requisite for
carrying the truck at the foremost end of the lever arm 69 laterally off the
edge of the camin 70, in order to bring the same over the edge of another
camm 71 (sec Sheet IX.), which is fixed on the axis 32, at the right-hand side
of the camm 70. And the camm 71 has a depression in one part of its
circumference, to receive the truck at the foremost end of the lever 69, and
thereby it allows the bar 61 to be drawn back by action of its spring before
mentioned; and the bar 61 will continue so drawn back during all the time
of making the plain net, because the axis 32, with the camm 71, will remain
motionless all that time, with its depression standing beneath the truck of the

page_text: lever 69. But as soon as the axis 32 resumes its motion for commencing
another row of spots, the said depression of the camm 71 will pass away, and
thereby raise up the truck of the lever 69, so as to bring the bar 61 forwards
into a proper situation for its pulling-off prongs 41 to arrest the bobbin threads
at the next backwards vibration that they make; and immediately after
the truck has been so raised, and the bar 61 brought forwards, the axis 68 is
again racked endways towards the left hand, in order to carry the said truck
laterally off the edge of the camm 71, and bring it again over the camm 70,
and there it will remain during all the time that spots are making. The said
racking motions of the axis 68 are given by a small racking wheel 72 (see
also Sheet 1X.), which is fixed on a horizontal cross axis, mounted in a bearing
carriage screwed to the frame, that axis having a ratchet wheel 76, of twenty-
four teeth, fixed upon it, and which is turned round one tooth at a time by a
claw 73, suspended from the backmost end of a ratching lever 74, which is
poised on a horizontal center pin, fixed to the left-hand machine end, and tho
front and lowest end of the same lover applies to the edge of a star wheel 75,
with four prominent points, which is fixed on the axis 32, so that when the
same is revolving, the points of the star 75 will turn the ratchet wheel 76, four
successive teeth for each revolution that is made by the axis 32; and as the
axis 32 goes three times round for making each set of spots, the said ratchet
wheel 76, having twenty-four teeth, will be turned once round in the time
whilst two successive sets of spots are made. The racking wheel 72 acts by
au upright cranked lever 77, upon the left-hand end pivot of the axis 68,
as shewn in Sheets VII. and IX. The cranked lever 77 is moveable about
a fixed centre pin at its lower end, the upper end applying to the edge; the
racking wheel 72, and the middle part (which is cranked,) having a gage
screw on it to act against the end pivot of the axis 68, and a reacting spring
is applied to that axis to bear it towards the left hand; and another racking
wheel 78 (see Sheets VII. and IX.) is also fixed on the same axis with the
ratchet wheel 76, for giving the requisite racking motions to the bar 61, which
the pulling-off prongs require to have (as herein-before explained), for enabling
them to act in concert with the taking-up points in taking up the successive
zig-zag courses of bobbin threads which are to form spots the back and front
points acting alternately for that purpose. The racking wheel 78 operates
upon the lower end of a bended lever 79, which is poised upon a fixed centre
pin, supported by the back sole bar, and the upper end acts against a gage
screw at the left-hand end of the bar 61, and a reacting spring is applied
to that bar to draw it endways towards the left. It only remains now to
explain the row of stump pins, herein-before described, which are inserted
C 2

page_text: amongst the
warp threads for the purpose of making those particular pairs o
adjacent warp threads which correspond to the pairs of adjacent bobbi
threads which are to be arrested by the forked ends of the pulling-off prongs
41, as before explained. The row of stump pins, which are marked 80 i
Sheets VI. and VII., are applied in the space between the comb bars k, k
in a very similar manner to the holding points 1, and nearly opposite thereto
but the said stump pins 80 are only as numerous in their row as the pulling-of
prongs 41 are.
The stump pins 80 are affixed in a row to a spindle bar 81
which is mounted on pivots in bearings affixed to the front sole bar, and a
short lever arm 90, which projects out forwards from the bar 81, has a link 82
jointed to it, and descending to lever 83, which applies to the circumference of
a camm wheel 84 (sec also Sheets,VII. and VIII.), which is fixed upon the
middle part of the axis 32. When the axis 32 stands still, whilst the plain
net is making, a notch in the edge of the camm 84, which then presents itself
to the end of the lever 83, allows the said stump pins 80 to be drawn forwards,
by action of a suitable spring, quite out of the warp threads, and they remain
so withdrawn until the making of spots is resumed; and then the lower axis
32 being again put in action, the elevations upon it will raise up the end of
the lever 83, and thereby put the stump pins 80 backwards, so as to insert
them amongst the warp threads, and the elevations will continue to keep the
same inserted until the axis 32 has gone nearly one-fourth round, when
another notch of the camm 84 is brought into operation, and allows the said
stump pins 80 to be withdrawn for a moment from between the warp threads,
and then, by the passing away of the notch of the camm 84, the stump pins
are inserted again. The form of the camm 84 is drawn full size in Sheet X.
The requisite racking motions of the row of stump pins 80 are communicated
to them from a camm 86, fixed on the middle part of the lower axis 32 by
means of an upright lever 85, which is poised on a centre pin 87, that pin
being fixed, except occasionally. The upper end of the lever 85 acts against a
gage screw of the bar 81, and the lower end applies to lateral notches which
are formed in a projecting rim round the circumference of the camm 86, and
which notches, by bearing the lower end of the lever 85 aside, produce the
required racking motions of the bar 81. The notches at the edge of the camm
.86 are represented in Sheet X. Note.-The four notches of the camm 84
are arranged so as to come into action for allowing the stump pins 80 to be
withdrawn from between the warp threads at every time that the carriages
are swung out to the full extent of their vibration; and instantly after the
stump pins 80 are so withdrawn, they are suitably racked by a lateral action
of their camm 86; then the stump pins 80 are reinserted between the warp

page_text: threads by their camm 84, and the stump pins 80 are racked again (if
requisite) the instant after being inserted, so as to rack the warp threads pro-
perly before the carriages re-enter between the warp threads in their returning
vibration. And note.-It has been already stated that the centre pin 87 of
the racking lever 85 is fixed, except occasionally, that is to say, the said
centre pin 87 is fixed into a supporting lever 88, whereof the upper end is
suspended on a horizontal fixed centre pin 89, fixed to the front sole bar, and
the lower end of the lever 88 applied to the edge of a small racking wheel 91
(see also Sheet VIII.), which is fixed on a horizontal cross axis, mounted in a
small bearing carriage fixed to the inside of the front horizontal rail of the
frame. And a ratchet wheel 92, of twelve teeth, is fixed on the same axis, the
teeth thereof being turned one at a time by a driver 93, which is jointed to a
short lever arm projecting out backwards from the horizontal axis 8, from
which the lifting point bar 3 derives its alternate-up-and down motion, in such
manner that the said ratchet wheel 92 is turned round one tooth at every time
that the said lifting point bar 3 goes up. The action of the ratchet wheel 92
and racking wheel 91 is to cause the stump pins 80 to be inserted between
the warp threads at different places at different succeeding times of forming
spots, in order that the spots in succeeding rows may be interspaced between
the spots of the preceding row; for by the motion which is thereby given to
the centre pin 87 of the racking lever 85, the lateral racking motions which
are given by the notches at the side of the wheel 86 will be duly transmitted
to the row of stump pins 80, as well when they are inserted at some places in
the row of warp threads as at other places therein, those places being in every
case determined by the racking wheel 91, which is turned once round whilst two
succeeding rows of spots are made. The remaining parts which are fixed on the
main axis J, and which are accessaries to the making of plain net, are the
same or nearly the same as described in my said former Specification of the
Sixth of June, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, viz, the camm on
the left-hand end of the main axis J (which is marked 94) gives motion to a
suitable lever, with an ascending connecting link and driver, for the purpose
of actuating the ratchet wheel of the endless screw and worm wheel on the
end of the axis of the lace roller for winding up the lace as fast as it is made;
and the same camm 94 also gives like motion to another lever, with a
descending connecting link and driver for actuating a ratchet wheel 98 at the
end of the horizontal axis v, whereon the row of endless screws is fixed for
turning the spindles h of the forked flyers of the spools, by means of the several
worm wheels which are fixed on the lower end of each of those spindles; all
which is the same as is described in my said former Specification; and so is the

page_text: mode of giving racking motions to the row of holding points 1, by lateral steps
upon the face of the rim of the racking wheel i, at the left-hand end of the
main axis J, J, with a suitable racking lever V, for transmitting the action of
those steps by a horizontal link to the holding point bar 2; and in like manner,
by other lateral steps on the face of another rim of the same racking wheel i,
and another racking lever V, suitable racking motions are obtained for racking
the row of lifting points 4, those motions being transmitted by a horizontal
link 100, Sheet VIII., which extends from the lower end of the lever V to
the lower end of a corresponding pendulous lever 101, which is mounted on a
fixed centre pin at its upper end, and the lever 101 serves as a conductor plate
to guide the endway position of the lifting point bar 3, that bar having gage
screws applying to the opposite sides of the lever 101, and thereby, although
the bar 3 is continually moved up and down, its racking motions are never-
theless commanded by the racking wheel i. The cam 10 on the axis J, for
withdrawing the holding points 1, and the lever arm 13, by which that action
is transmitted to the bar, is the same as described in my said former Speci-
fication; and so is the camm 11, for bringing forwards the two fork bars, and
which acts upon the roller 18 at the lower end of the arm 14, belonging to
the axis or spindle bar e of the crank bar arms, by which the two fork bars b
and d are sustained; and there is a camm 99, fixed on the axis J, close to
the camm 11, for actuating by its prominences a lever which has a claw
ascending from it (see Sheet IX.), to act in the teeth of a ratchet wheel fixed
on a horizontal cross axis, which is mounted in bearings affixed to the spindle
bar e, and on the same axis two racking wheels are fixed to give such racking
motions to the two fork bars b and d, when they are brought forwards and
have taken the warp threads as are suitable for producing the crossings of
those threads, and also, after the forks have gone back again and have
quitted the warp threads, to rack the two fork bars suitably for repeating their
operation another time; all which is nearly as usual in other traverse warp
machines, and as described in my former Specification. The requisite racking
motions for the whipping thread guides O, on the guide bar p, are given by a
small racking wheel 104, Sheet IX., which is fixed on an upright axis at the
left-hand end of the machine, and which is turned round by means of a
ratchet wheel 103, of twenty-four teeth, fixed on the same upright axis, which
wheel is moved one tooth at a time by a driver which is jointed at the upper
end of an elbow lever 105, mounted on a horizontal centre pin fixed to the
machine end C, and the horizontal arm of the elbow lever 105 has a truck
to bear upon the edge of a prominent rim 106 of the racking wheels i, so that
by means of six prominences on the rim 106, the elbow lever 105, and its

page_text: driver, is moved one tooth every time that the carriages are passed through
between the warp threads suitably for turning the ratchet wheel 103. The
racking motions are transmitted from the racking wheel 104 to the whipping
thread guide bar p by a lever, which is mounted on an upright centre pin, and
a link proceeding horizontally from the end of that lever to the bar p. The
racking wheel 104 makes one revolution whilst four rows of complete meshes
of bobbin net are made. And the elevations and depressions around the
circumference of the racking wheel 104 are suitably formed for giving such
racking motions to the whipping threads as they require to have given to
them for causing them to become interlaced between the selvedges of the
adjacent breadths in any such manner as will be most suitable for uniting
the several breadths into one tissue; and which modes of lacing are well:
known to persons conversant with lace machinery. Note. The reacting
springs for the racking motions of the holding point bar 2, and for the
bar 81 of the stump pins 80, are applied at the right-hand end of the
machine by the intervention of levers 107 and 108, Sheet VII., which are
mounted on fixed upright centre pins. The reacting spring for. the lifting
point bar 3 is applied at 102, shewn in Sheet VIII. And all the several
parts now described as accessories to the making of plain net derive their
motion from that of the main axis J, J, and will therefore become inoperative
from the instant that the said axis ceases to turn round, and will continue
inoperative all the time that spots are making, and will come into operation
again when the main axis J, J, begins to turn round again for resuming the
making of plain net.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, I, the said Thomas
Alcock, do hereby declare that the new Invention whereof the exclusive use is
granted to me by the said Letters Patent consists,--
First, in the improvements, herein-before described, upon traverse warp
machinery for making bobbin.net lace, being in extension: of the improve-
ments for which Letters Patent were granted to me on the Eighth of
December, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, and forming a
new combination and application of the parts of the machinery by which
my said former improvements were carried into effect, and in which new
combination Lever's bobbin carriages move with uninterrupted vibrating
motion in their combs by means of catch bars, which are actuated by new
application and arrangement of the wheelwork and parts of fluted roller-
machinery, as herein-before described, so as that by virtue of the improvements
the exchange of the catch bars into and out of the notches of the Lever's
bobbin carriages may be made during the course of their vibrating motion,

page_text: without requiring any pause for that purpose, and also so as that the catch bar
which has been lifted up out of the notches of the bobbin carriages, in order to
allow them to go through the warp threads, may make a pause when it arrives
near to those threads, and remain motionless whilst the opposite catch bar
continues and completes its vibration, in order to draw the bobbin carriages
quite through between those threads.
And, secondly, in the improvement, herein-before described, for producing
ornamented bobbin net lace, the ornament consisting of spots formed in breadthis
of bobbin net lace which is in progress of making by traverse warp rotary
machinery constructed according to my former Patents of the Eighth of
December, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-two, including therewith the
first part of my present improvements herein-before described, such spots being
made by pulling off portions of adjacent pairs of bobbin threads by the action
of what has been herein-before termed pulling-off prongs, and then catching
up the said portions of bobbin threads so pulled off by suitable action of the
ordinary taking-up points, in such manner as (in concurrence with suitable
racking motions of the pairs of adjacent warp threads which correspond to the
said pairs of bobbin threads) will, by virtue of the improvements, form woven
spots in the net without introducing any extra or additional threads to those of
which the plain net is formed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Alcock, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty fro
Inrolled the Twelfth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and
thirty-five.