Improvements in Kilns for Cement, Lime, and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 19th Nov.,
1898
Improvements in Kilns for Cement, Lime, and the like.
I, FRIEDRICH RUPPEL, of Lägerdorf, Holstein, Germany, Director of Works, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in continuous shaft kilns employed in the
manufacture of cement, lime and the like whereby the efficiency of the said kilns is
doubled, with a given consumption of coal, the working is rendered more regular,
and the work is made easier and cheaper than heretofore.
A kiln provided with those improvements is illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a vertical section on the line x-x of Fig. 2;
Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line y-y of Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3 is a plan, partly in section on the line x-z, and
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the same partly in section on the line v-v of
Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a plan illustrating the frame which constitutes the charging device for
the kiln.
The kiln consists of a combustion chamber A, charge shaft B, flue C, chimney D
and drying chambers F and G. The combustion chamber A is bounded at its lower
part by the grate a under which there is indicated, by way of example, the nozzle w
of a blower.
combustion chamber A,
In the charging shaft,
combination with the
The charging shaft. forms a vertical extension of the
whilst the Hue C branches off laterally and to the rear.
there is arranged the charging device which, in
charge for the time being, serves also as a means of closing the charging shaft.
The charging device (Figs. 1 and 5) consists of a frame b which is suspended by
chains t and in which there are arranged trap doors b¹, 62 which open downwardly
and which can be kept closed by the pull of the chain u.
The frame b is adapted
to rise and fall readily with a sufficient amount of play in the charging shaft.
The dry raw material is piled up together with the fuel, in suitable proportions
upon the closed frame, and, for the purpose of facilitating the operation, the frame
can be raised and gradually lowered. The frame forms, together with the piled-up
charge, the closure of the kiln, which may, however, be effected by other means.
The discharge is effected in an extremely simple manner by slacking the chain u so
that the trap doors will open automatically by their own weight, and by the
weight of the charge resting thereon, so as to allow the charge to fall down into the
chamber A.
As soon as this is done, the trap doors are again instantly closed by pulling
the chain and the charging device is raised for the purpose of introducing the next
charge.
In the lower portion of the chimney connected to the flue C, there are arranged
draught baffles (Figs. 1 and 2) in the form of built-in arches d which present a
restricted area of passage to the fire gases and are intended to keep the heat of said
gases as long as possible in the kilu.

page_text: After passing these baffles the heating gases are led to the right or to the left
laterally through one of the drying chambers For G (Fig. 2).
These drying
chambers are arranged on two opposite sides of the chimney at such a height that
the drying hurdles h can be rolled directly to the charging place. For the purpose
of forming the drying chambers, the chimney D is closed at about the height of
the upper storey, by means of a strong roof (which may be reached) having lateral
extensions in the forin of tongues which project into the chambers F and G to such
an extent as to compel the fire gases to traverse the drying chambers throughout
their extent. Below the roof k there are provided in the masonry of the chimney,
openings f-g by means of which the drying chambers cominunicate with the
interior of the chimney. The openings f-g are adapted to be closed by means of
doors m, n, of which the upper ones in are balanced by weights m¹, whilst the
lower chambers are simply moved from the side. In the drying chambers, which
are accessible from the outside by means of doors o, there are provided rails or other
devices for facilitating the transport of the drying hurdles. The arrangement of
two drying chambers is advantageous because of preventing interruption in the
working so that when one drying chamber is being emptied and re-charged, the fire
gases can be led through the other chamber, whilst this last chamber is protected
against the entrance of gases by means of the closed dampers. The operation of
the kiln is as follows:-
Whilst heretofore the wet raw material which has been formed into bricks by a
brick-making press has had to be properly dried in separate apparatus, the said
raw material can now, in the case of the kiln herein described, be raised in the
wet state on to the upper platform and be rolled on the hurdles into the
corresponding drying chamber.
The raw material, when properly dried and heated, is brought out of the drying
chamber directly into the kiln, being piled together with the fuel upon the trap
doors of the frame so as to be allowed to fall, at a given moment, into the
burning chamber A.
The finished product fills the interstices of the grate a and is drawn out therefrom.
The use of air delivered from a blower which can be introduced according to the
nature of the raw material at different places in the burning chamber is advisable
especially for the purpose of artificially increasing the draught in the case of easily
crumbling material.
Improvements in Kilns for Cement, Lime, and the like.
I, FRIEDRICH RUPPEL, of Lägerdorf, Holstein, Germany, Director of Works, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to improvements in continuous shaft kilns employed in the
manufacture of cement, bricks, lime and the like whereby the efficiency of the said
kilns is approximately doubled with a given consumption of coal, the working is
rendered more regular, and the work is made easier and cheaper than heretofore.
A kiln provided with these improvements is illustrated in the drawings accompany-
ing my Provisional Specification in which
Fio is a vertical section on the line of Fia 2.

page_text: Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line y y of Fig. 13
Fig. 3 is a plan, partly in section on the line -2; and
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the same partly in section on the line v v of
Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a plan illustrating the frame which constitutes the charging device for
the kiln.
The kiln comprises a combustion chamber A, charging shaft B, flue C, chimney D
and drying chambers F and G. The combustion chamber A is bounded at its lower
part by the grate a under which there is indicated, by way of example, the nozzle w
of a blower. The charging shaft B forms a vertical extension of the combustion
chamber A, whilst the flue C branches off laterally and to the rear. In the charging
shaft, there is arranged the charging device which, in combination with the charge
for the time being, serves also as a means of closing the charging shaft. The charging
device (Figs. 1 and 5) consists of a frame b which is suspended by chains t and in
which there are arranged trap doors b¹, 6° which open downwardly and which can be
kept closed by the pull of the chain . The frame b is adapted to rise and fall
readily with a sufficient amount of play in the charging shaft.
The dry raw material is piled up together with the fuel in suitable proportions
upon the closed frame, and, for the purpose of facilitating the operation, the frame
can be raised and gradually lowered. The frame forms, together with the piled-up
charge, the closure of the kiln, which may, however, be effected by other means.
The charging is effected in an extremely simple manner by slacking the chain u so
that the trap doors will open automatically by their own weight, and by the weight
of the charge resting thereon, so as to allow the charge to fall down into the chamber A.
As soon as this is done, the trap doors are again instantly closed by pulling the
chain and the charging device is raised for the purpose of introducing the next
charge.
In the lower portion of the chimney connected to the flue C, there are arranged
draught baffles (Figs. 1 and 2) in the form of built-in arches d which present a
restricted area of passage to the fire gases and are intended to keep the heat of said
gases as long as possible in the kiln. After passing these baffles the heating gases
are led to the right or to the left laterally through one of the drying chambers F
or ((Fig. 2). These drying chambers are arranged on two opposite sides of the
chimney at such a height that the drying hurdles h can be rolled directly to the
charging place. For the purpose of forming the drying chambers, the chimney I)
is closed at about the height of the upper storey, by means of a strong roof
(which may be arched) having lateral extensions in the form of tongues which project
into the chambers F and G to such an extent as to compel the fire gases to traverse
the drying chambers throughout their extent. Below and above the roof k there are
respectively provided in the masonry of the chimney, openings f-g by means of
which the drying chambers communicate with the interior of the chimney. The
openings f-g are adapted to be closed by means of registers or dampers m, n
respectively of which the upper ones m are balanced by weights m', whilst the lower
dampers are simply moved from the side. In the drying chambers, which are
accessible from the outside by means of doors o, there are provided rails or other
devices for facilitating the transport of the drying hurdles. The arrangement of two
drying chambers is advantageous because of preventing interruption in the working
so that when one drying chamber is being emptied and re-charged, the fire gases can
be led through the other chamber, whilst this last chamber is protected against
the entrance of gases by means of the closed dampers. The operation of the kiln
is as follows:-
Whilst heretofore the wet raw material which, for example, has been formed into
bricks by a brick-making press has had to be properly dried in separate apparatus,
the said raw material can now, in the case of the kiln herein described, be raised in
the wet state on to the upper platform and be rolled on the hurdles h into the
corresponding drying chamber. The raw material, when properly dried and heated,
is brought out of the drying chamber directly into the kiln, being piled together with

page_text: the fueĺ
upon the trap doors of the frame b so as to be allowed to fall, at a given
moment, into the burning chamber A.
The finished product falls through interstices of the grate a and is drawn out
therefrom.
The use of air delivered from a blower which can be introduced according to
the nature of the raw material at different places in the burning chamber is
advisable especially for the purpose of artificially increasing the draught in the case
of easily crumbling inaterial."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A continuously burning kiln for cement, lime and the like, comprising a
charging shaft B arranged above the combustion chamber A, and closed by means
of a suitable charging device and by the raw material to be treated, or by other
means, a laterally-arranged chimney D connected by means of a flue C with the
chamber A, draught baffles d for keeping back the heat in the burning chamber,
and drying chambers F and which are connected with the chimney and are
alternately traversed by the fire gases or are closed against the same.
2. In the continuous burning kiln specified in the preceding claim, a charging
device consisting of a frame b provided with trap doors b¹, 6ª, which is suspended by
chains and is adapted to be raised and lowered.
3. Continuously burning kilns constructed arranged and operating substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in the drawings
annexed.
1000
крестност
золот
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.