AN IMPROVED PORTABLE OR TABLE FOUNTAIN
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Kessell and Charles Kessell, both of
"
11, Southwark Street, in the County of Surrey, for an Invention of AN
IMPROVED PORTABLE OR TABLE FOUNTAIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Kessell and
Charles Kessell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th
January 1882.
CHARLES HENRY KESSELL, and CHARLES KESSELL, both of 11 Southwark
Street, in the County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED PORTABLE OR TABLE
FOUNTAIN."
Our Invention relates to an improved form of portable or table fountain in
which the jet is produced by means of compressed air acting on the surface of the
water, and thereby causing it to rise and issue in a continuous jet or spray from
the jet tube.
The upper end of the jet tube projects above the bottom of a trough containing
the water, and serving to catch it as it falls after issuing in a jet or spray. The
lower end of the tube descends to near the bottom of a chamber situated below the
trough, and in which the compression of the air takes place.
Surrounding the jet tube and attached to the bottom of the trough is a cone
through which the jet tube passes, and which is perforated to permit the water in
the trough to pass into the interior thereof. From the bottom of the trough and
within the cone a tube passes downwards right through the compression chamber,
its lower end terminating near the bottom of a chamber situated below the com-
pression chamber, such tube serving 1st to convey the water from the trough to
the lower chamber, and 2nd to allow of the passage of a piston or pump rod, the
upper end of which terminates in a handle outside the cone.
The piston of the pump works in a barrel or cylinder from an opening in the top
of which a pipe leads first downwards and is then bent upwards so as to form
a U shaped or syphon bend, and is then continued upwards and terminates near
the top of the compression chamber. In the bottom of the cylinder is an opening
DG1

page_text: over which rests a disc forming a valve opening inwards, and a similar valve is
formed in the piston, so that as the piston is worked up and down by its rod, the
water is first caused to enter the pump barrel or cylinder through the bottom
valve during the upstroke, and during the downstroke passes to the top of the
piston through its valve, when the next upstroke forces it up through the U shaped
or syphon pipe into the compression chamber.
A tube connects the upper part of the compression chamber with the upper part
of the lower chamber, so as to allow air to pass from one to the other.
The continued action of the pump raises the water from the lower chamber to
the compression chamber, thereby compressing the air in the latter, and causing
the water to be forced up the jet tube and to issue in the form of a continuous
spray, the duration of which will depend upon the capacity of the compression
chamber, the jet or spray continuing to play until such chamber is entirely
emptied.
The trough may be utilized as an aquarium, or it may be surrounded by a tray
filled with earth so as to form a fernery.
Instead of forming a trough above the compression chamber, the water may be
caused to descend directly to the lower chamber, and a small air pump or
compressor be provided to compress the air in the compression chamber.
Or instead of employing a pump to raise the water from the bottom chamber
into the compression chamber, an air pump or compressor may be fitted to the former,
so as to compress the air therein and force the water up a straight pipe or tube
into the compression chamber, in which case the air tube between the two
chambers would be fitted with a tap or cock, which would have to be closed during
the forcing of the water up into the compression chamber, and which would be
opened when all the water had been raised, when by two or three additional
strokes of the air pump or compressor the air will be compressed, and acting on
the surface of the water will force it up the jet-tube.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in, pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by.
the said Charles Henry Kessell and Charles Kessell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th July 1882.
CHARLES HENRY KESSELL, and CHARLES KESSELL, both of 11 Southwark
Street, in the County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED PORTABLE OR TABLE
FOUNTAIN."
Our Invention relates to an improved form of portable or table fountain in
which the jet is produced by means of compressed air acting on the surface of the
water, and thereby causing it to rise and issue in a continuous jet or spray from
the jet tube.
The upper end of the jet tube A projects above the bottom of a trough or
basin B containing the water, and serving to catch it as it falls after issuing in
a jet or spray. The lower end of the tube A descends to near the bottom of a
chamber C situated below the trough or basin B, and in which the compression of
the air takes place.
Surrounding the jet tube A and attached to the bottom of the trough or basin B
is a cone D, through which the jet tube A passes, and which is perforated to
permit the water in the trough or basin B to pass into the interior thereof. From
the bottom of the trough or basin B and within the cone D a tube E passes down-
wards right through the compression chamber C, its lower end terminating near
the bottom of a chamber F, situated below the compression chamber C, such tube
serving 1st to convey the water from the trough or basin B to the lower chamber F,
and 2nd to allow of the passage of a piston or pump rod G, the upper end of which
terminates in a handle H outside the cone D.
The piston I of the pump works in a barrel or cylinder J from an opening in the
top of which a pipe K leads first downwards and is then bent upwards so as to
form a U shaped or syphon bend, and is then continued upwards and terminates
near the top of the compression chamber C. In the bottom of the cylinder J is an
opening over which rests a disc L forming a valve opening inwards, and a similar
valve M is formed in the piston I so that as the piston I is worked up and down
by its rod G, the water is first caused to enter the pump barrel or cylinder J
through the bottom valve L during the upstroke, and during the downstroke passes
the top of the piston I through its valve M, when the next upstroke forces it up
through the Ushaped or syphon pipe K into the compression chamber C.
A tube N connects the upper part of the compression chamber C with the upper
part of the lower chamber F, so as to allow air to pass from one to the other.
The continued action of the pump raises the water from the lower chamber F to
the compression chamber G, thereby compressing the air in the latter, and causing
the water to be forced up the jet tube A and to issue in the form of a continuous
spray, the duration of which will depend upon the capacity of the compression
chamber, the jet or spray continuing to play until such chamber is entirely
emptied. The compression of the air contained in the two chambers C and F is
maintained by the water from the trough or basin B continually flowing down
tube E and replacing the water issuing from the jet tube.
The trough or basin B may be utilized as an aquarium, or it may be surrounded
by a tray filled with earth so as to form a fernery.
Instead of forming a trough or basin above the compression chamber, the water.
may be caused to descend directly to the lower chamber, and a small air pump or
compressor be provided to compress the air in the compression chamber.
Or instead of employing a pump to raise the water from the bottom chamber

page_text: into the compression chamber, an air pump or compressor may be fitted to the
former, so as to compress the air therein and force the water up a straight pipe
or tube into the compression chamber, in which case the air tube between the two
chambers would be fitted with a tap or cock, which would have to be closed during
the forcing of the water up into the compression chamber, and which would be
opened when all the water had been raised, when by two or three additional
strokes of the air pump or compressor the air would be compressed, and acting on
the surface of the water force it up the jet tube.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and the manner of carrying
the same into effect we wish it to be understood that what we claim is the use or
employment of a portable or table fountain in which the jet is produced by means
of compressed air acting on the surface of the water, and thereby causing it to rise
and issue in a continuous jet or spray from the jet tube, constructed substantially
as herein described and shown in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Kessell on behalf of the said Charles
Henry Kessell and myself have hereunto get my hand and seal this
Thirteenth day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and eighty-two.