AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TRAPPING SINKS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR KITCHEN AND SCULLERY SINKS IN DOMESTIC DWELLINGS TO PREVENT ESCAPE OF NOXIOUS EFFLUVIA THEREPROM
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Tye and Charles William Andrew, of
Brixton Road, in the County of Surrey, Builders, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TRAPPING SINKS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR
KITCHEN AND SCULLERY SINKS IN DOMESTIC DWELLINGS TO PREVENT ESCAPE
OF NOXIOUS EFFLUVIA THEREPROM."
Sealed the 3rd August 1860, and dated the 6th February 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Tye and Charles
William Andrew at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 6th February 1860.
We, THOMAS TYE and CHARLES WILLIAM ANDREW, of Brixton Road, in
the County of Surrey, Builders, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TRAPPING SINKS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED
POR KITCHEN AND SCULLERY SINKS IN DOMESTIC DWELLINGS TO PREVENT ESCAPE OF
NOXIOUS EFFLUVIA THEREFROM," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in trapping sinks in the following manner, that is to
say, in lieu of placing a trap at the top of the waste pipe, and flush with the
bottom of the sink, as hitherto practised, we propose to place a trap some
distance down the pipe so that it cannot be tampered with; we also propose
to fix the grating on the top of the waste pipe instead of having it loose, to
prevent it being taken up as commonly practised, and by which the waste
pipe becomes choked by solid substances entering thereinto, and noxious
effluvia escapes. We further propose to employ a self-sealing trap in lieu of

page_text: the ordinary cup trap, that is to say, we form the waste pipe with a double
elbow or bend after the manner practised in trapping waterclosets with
earthenware pipes, by which there will always remain sufficient water in the
lowermost elbow to prevent escape of noxious effluvia from the drain with
which the waste pipe is connected. We also proposed to form an opening at..
the side of the lowermost elbow of the trap, and to fit said opening with a
water-tight stopper, by removing which the trap may be readily cleansed and
freed from obstruction when required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
the said Thomas Tye and Charles William Andrew in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 6th August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
TYE and CHARLES WILLIAM ANDREW, of Brixton Road, in the County of
Surrey, Builders, send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Ier heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Thomas Tye and Charles William Andrew, Her special licence
that we, the said Thomas Tye and Charles William Andrew, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Tye
and Charles William Andrew, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with; and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN.
IMPROVED METHOD OF TRAPPING SINKS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR KITCHEN AND
SCULLERY SINKS IN DOMESTIC DWELLINGS TO PREVENT ESCAPE OF NOXIOUS EFFLUVIA
THEREFROM," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas
Tye and Charles William Andrew, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent...

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Tye and Charles William
Andrew, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
nanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in trapping sinks in the following manner, that is
to say, in lieu of placing a trap at the top of the waste pipe, and within the
thickness of bottom of sink, as commonly practised, we propose to place a trap
so that it cannot be tampered with. We also propose to fix permanently on
the top of the flange of the trap a brass grate, with lining and clips, to attach
to the said flange, so that it cannot be removed (except by a workman),
instead of having said grate loose, and to prevent it being taken up as is com
monly done, and by which the waste pipe and drain become choked by solid
substances entering thereinto, and noxious effluvia escapes.
We further propose to employ a self-acting trap in lieu of the ordinary bell
or cup trap, that is to say, we form the trap of a semicircle, with dip, by which
method there will always remain sufficient water in the lowermost curve to
prevent escape of noxious effluvia from the drain with which the waste pipe
is connected.
We also propose to form an opening at the side of the lowermost curve of
the trap, and to fit said opening with a screw boss, by removing which the
trap may be readily cleansed, and freed from obstruction, if required. But
this provision is more directly intended as a means for attaching a force pump
to trap for the purpose of forcing any substance out of drains that may enter
from closet or other connections. We further propose to connect said trap
to the waste pipe by screwing, as well as of soldering or cementing, and for
this purpose we cut a male thread, or screw, on the outside of the trap, on to
which an iron pipe can be screwed for waste pipe, or brass unions can be used
for connecting any description of pipe for waste pipe.
In order to explain our said Invention as completely as possible, we now
proceed to describe the best means we are acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the numeral figures and letters of
reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of trap constructed according to our
said Invention; Figure 2 is a top plan view of the lower part of Figure 1 ;
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a trap with screw connection; Figure 4
is another form of construction of trap; Figure 5, a plan view of the under

page_text: side of the grate; Figure 6, a side elevation of said grate exhibited detached
from the trap. At each of the foregoing Figures we employ similar letters of
reference to denote corresponding parts, in so far as such parts appear or can
be seen at each of such said Figures respectively. A, A, is a curved pipe of
galvanized iron, or said pipe may be made of any other material; the upper
part of said pipe is formed, enlarged, and with a narrow flange B, and recesses
b, b, into which the clips c, c; of the grate C fit and lock, so that when the
trap is fitted to a sink, and the grate cemented down as denoted by the dotted
lines at Figure 1, said grate cannot be taken up except by a workman.
D is a screw boss fitted water-tight by a washer d; upon removing this boss a
force-pump may be attached for flushing and clearing the drains, if necessary.
Figures 3 and 4 exhibit the internal form of the pipe A, or trap thereof, where
it will be seen that there is a partition piece E formed inside of the pipe,
which dips below the surface of the water therein, and thus prevents escape of
noxious effluvia from the drain. The pipe A at *, Figure 1, is formed plain
and taper to enter the upper end of the waste pipe, which may be soldered
thereto, or the joint otherwise rendered water-tight, and this applies to the
pipe exhibited at Figure 4. At Figure 3 the end of the pipe A has a screw G
formed thereon, so that the waste pipe may be readily connected thereto or
detached therefrom.
In some cases we propose to dispense with the clips on grate, and to cut a
thread on top of trap, either inside or outside of same, and to cut a corre-
sponding thread on lining or rim of grate, and to screw the two together.
The use of one or other of these modes of connection will, however, entirely
depend on local circumstances.
And we would here observe that in adapting our Invention to situations in
which it is desirable to flush the drain frequently, we then propose to make the
pipe A considerably longer than is represented by the Drawings, by which we
gain the advantage of a column of water in the part A* of the pipe A to force
a passage through the waste pipe and drain.
This Invention applies to sinks other than kitchen sinks, and we would
also observe that in adapting traps of the above construction to sinks, for
example, kitchen and scullery sinks, the part X of the trap is first passed
through a hole formed in the sink, and the grating afterwards connected
thereto, in the manner described; or the said grating may be connected to
the trap by screws or other convenient and suitable means.
And we would here observe that the above mode of connecting the grating
and trap to the sink forms an important feature in this Invention, inasmuch as
the grating may remain permanently fixed in the sink; whereas by the old

page_text: methods of trapping sinks with bell traps, the frequent choking of the trap
rendered it impossible to fix the grating permanently.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of our said
Invention of "An improved Method of Trapping Sinks, especially adapted for
Kitchen and Scullery Sinks in Domestic Dwellings to Prevent Escape of
Noxious Effluvia therefrom," together with the best means we are acquainted
with for carrying the same into practical effect, we would remark, in conclu-
sion, that we are aware of syphon traps having heretofore been commonly
used to prevent escape of noxious effluvia from drains in connection with water-
closets. We do not, therefore, claim having invented a syphon trap, neither
do we claim the precise mode above described and represented of connecting
the grating to the trap, as the same may be varied without departing from
the peculiar character of this Invention; but what we claim as our Invention
is, the combining and connecting a syphon trap with a grating, and fixing
same in a sink, as above stated, for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Tye and Charles William
Andrew, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixth day of
August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty.
THOMAS TYE.
(L.S.)
CHARLES WILLIAM ANDREW. (L.S.)