IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS EMPLOYED IN TWISTING OR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1868

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS EMPLOYED IN TWISTING OR SPINNING COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES." -A communication from abroad by
John Whitin, of the Whitin Machine Works, Whitinsville, in the
State of Massachusetts, United States of America.
Sealed the 16th March 1869, and dated the 7th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 7th October 1868.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS EMPLOYED IN TWISTING OR SPINNING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," a communication to me from
abroad by John Whitin, of the Whitin Machine Works, Whitinsville,
in the State of Massachusetts, United States of America, to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to the flyers for fly frames or any
frames shove the fleams are ramoved for doffing and consiste in providing

page_text: a curved tube or passage for the roving through the upper part of the
flyer distinct from the socket by which the flyer is fitted on to the upper
end of the spindle. By this mode of construction the operation of
passing the end of the roving through the opening is greatly facilitated,
and as the access of fluff or lint and dirt to the socket proper is com-
pletely prevented all danger of the flyer becoming loose or running out
of balance is avoided.
The second part of this Invention relates to centrifugal pressers for
presser flyers, and has for its object the affording facility for readily
removing and replacing the presser arm when requisite. According to
this part of the said Invention it is proposed to connect the arm of the
flyer and the detachable presser by a spiral guide and worm situate
either at the lower or upper portion of the flyer arm, so that when
turning one way the presser tends to detach itself from the flyer, and when
turning in the opposite direction it stops by the fact of the presser arm
itself coming in contact with the end of the flyer arm. In the improved
arrangement moreover the presser arm is below the
opening in the
flyer arm, whereby the passage for the roving to the presser arm is
rendered more uniform or equal and direct than in any other flyer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th April 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS
Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special
license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, adminis
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS EMPLOYED IN TWISTING OR SPINNING COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," a communication from abroad by John
Whitin, of the Whitin Machine Works, Whitinsville, in the State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:
The said Invention relates, firstly, to the flyers for fly frames or any
frames where the flyers are removed for doffing, and consists in providing
a curved tube or passage for the roving through the upper part of the
flyer distinct from the socket by which the flyer is fitted on to the upper
end of the spindle. By this mode of construction the operation of
passing the end of the roving through the opening is greatly facilitated,
and as the access of fluff or lint and dirt to the socket proper is com-
pletely prevented all danger of the flyer becoming loose or running out
of balance is avoided.
The second part of this Invention relates to centrifugal pressers for
presser flyers and have for its object the affording facility for readily
removing and replacing the presser arm when requisite. According to
this part of the said Invention it is proposed to connect the arm of the
flyer and the detachable presser by a spiral guide and worm situate
either at the lower or upper portion of the flyer arm, so that when
turning one way the presser tends to detach itself from the flyer, and
when turning in the opposite direction it stops by the fact of the presser
arm itself coming in contact with the end of the flyer arm. In the
improved arrangement moreover the presser arm is below the opening in
the flyer arm, whereby the passage for the roying to the presser arm is
rendered more uniform or equal and direct than in any other flyer.

page_text: And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a section of a flyer as often used drawn
to a scale of one-half the full size; Figure 2 is a section through the
nose or upper part of the improved flyer as constructed in accordance
with the first part of this Invention; and Figure 3 is a sectional
elevation of the improved flyer, shewing also parts of a spindle and
filled bobbin (full size).
In the ordinary flyer, as shown by Figure 1, the socket fits the
spindle so as to leave a vacancy in the socket over the top of the spindle;
a central hole C is made in the top of the flyer leading into the socket D
for the roving E to enter and another hole F for its exit, from which
latter it is passed around the head of the flyer through the tubular
arm G around the presser arm to the bobbin. Serious inconvenience
arises from the lint and dirt which is left in the socket by the passage
of the roving through it; it accumulates there sometimes causing the
flyer to fly off when running at high speed, and often getting between
the spindle and socket preventing the flyer from being placed in the
position which it was made to occupy, so that time must be lost in
cleaning them or the flyer is liable to run out of balance. Another
objection is in piecing up the difficulty of passing the roving down
through the top hole and out at the side hole of the flyer; there being
nothing to guide the roving it requires skill in the operator and is often
attended with delay. The object is to obviate at small cost the accumu-
lation of lint and dirt in the socket of the flyer, and at the same time to
provide a smooth passage to guide the roving through the nose or upper
part of the flyer.
In Figure 1 A is the spindle; B, the flyer; D, the socket; G, the
tubular arm; H, the other arm of the flyer; E, the roving; E and F,
the holes to the sockets as usually made for the passage of the roving.
In Figures 2 and 3 R represents the improved continuous passage for
the roving, and which is constructed as follows:-A piece of brass
tubing is bent to the required form and after being placed in the desired
position is secured firmly at the ends, but the curved passage may be

page_text: obtained by casting it in composition or other metal, or where malleable
iron flyers are used the curved passage can be cored out in casting.
Figure 4 is a plan of a flyer and presser for speeders and like machines,
constructed according to the second part of this Invention and shewing
also a full bobbin; Figure 5 is a side elevation of the same with the
presser detached.
Figure 6 is an edge view of the flyer and presser the bobbin not being
shown.
Figure 7 is a view of the presser detached from the flyer; and
Figure 8 is a modification of the same.
The ordinary flyers of speeders and fly frames are made so that the
pressers are forced against the bobbins by springs or by the centrifugal
force produced by the speed of the flyers or by gravity, the weight of the
pressers on an inclined plane causing the presser to press against the
bobbin. The spring flyer is objectionable because the operator in
piecing is obliged to use one hand in holding back the presser when it
is desirable to use both hands in the operation of piecing. The centri-
fugal and other flyers heretofore used where the gravity of the presser in
connection with an inclined plane is made available are either per-
manently secured to the flyer or are so made that when the
moved back farther than is needed in doffing it is likely to pass over the
apex of the incline and thereby cause delay.
er is
In order to remedy these defects and to make flyers with pressers that
are easily detached and that have their arms below the opening in the
flyer arm to insure a more sightly form, to effect economy in construction,
and to render the flyers more effectual in operation and more convenient
for repairs is the main object of this part of the said Invention.
B. (Figures 4, 5, and 6,) is a flyer made as they often are except that on
the arm is formed a spiral grove II in which the worm D on the
presser (Figures 6 and 7) is made to slide, so that when the presser arm
brings up against the bottom of the flyer it stops and when turned the
other way detaches itself from the flyer when there is no bobbin or
spindle for it to press against. These flyers are so made that any presser
will fit any flyer of the size to which it is adapted, and when a presser is
broken or worn out any operative can renew it without calling upon a
machinist. The spiral E may be brazed upon the arm, or if of malleable
metal it may be cast on, but it is preferred to forge that part of the arm

page_text: for the spiral groove thicker, and after the thin flat iron of the arm C is
bent up into the rounded form the spiral groove is cut by means of a
revolving cutter. The worm D may be at the upper end as shown at
Figure 8, but it is lighter and neater when placed at the bottom. This
flyer and presser can be disconnected without the use of tools, any
presser being made to fit any flyer of corresponding size, and the two
The convenience
parts can be immediately connected with each other.
of this readiness in detaching and connecting is obvious in case of
breakage or renewing the pressers for any cause.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, 1 would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,
First. The construction and use of flyers for fly frames or other frames
in which the flyers are removed in dofling wherein a curved passage for
the roving is provided distinct from the socket, substantially as and for
the purpose herein-before described and illustrated by Figures 2 and 3
of the Drawings annexed.
The peculiar construction, arrangement, and combination of
nd presser, substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and illustrated by Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the
Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set any hand and seal, this Seventh day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)