Mantles for Incandescent Gas-lighting.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1886.
Complete Left, 14th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 14th Oct., 1887
Mantles for Incandescent Gas-lighting.
I ARTHUR PAGET Mechanical Engineer of Loughborough in the County of
Leicester do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
«
In the methods hitherto in use for supporting the Mantle over the burner, a wire or
wires or a crane-neck" has been used, from which the mantle has been suspended
over the Gas-flame, the part of the mantle to which the said wire or wires are attached
being at or near the top of the mantle. Now by this my present invention I support
the mantle from the bottom instead of the top. To do this I form a ring collar or
shelf round the top of the burner a little distance below the top edge of the burner.
This shelf may either form part of the burner itself, or it may be formed separate
from it, as a loose collar, with any suitable means for adjusting or fixing it where
required.
The mantle is made of such a size that the bottom of it shall pass easily over the
top of the burner, or loose collar on the burner, and the bottom of the mantle rests on
the before named ring or shelf.
In some cases, to enable the mantle so placed to withstand rapid side movements, or
shocks, or any side pressure without falling off the burner I (in some cases) fix the
mantle to the top of burner or collar as follows:-I place the mantle over the burner
so that the bottom edge of the mantle rests upon the ring, collar or shelf herein before
described, and then I put on a part (or parts) of the mantle which rests upon the said
shelf, a solution of shellac, or glass, or other similar material, and then when the gas
has been lighted a short time the solution will be solidified and the mantle will be
effectually fixed to the loose collar, or top of the burner.
In cases where the mantle is required for a swivelling-bracket, or in any similar
position, it is sometimes desirable to provide a side support for the top of the mantle
to prevent undue movement sideways at the top of the mantle without impeding the
vertical movement of the top of the mantle due to its expansion and contraction. This
I do in some cases by carrying a wire from the burner or other suitable point of

page_text: .
attachment. This wire I bend over at the top so that the end points downwards
centrally over the opening at the top of the mantle and enters this opening sufficiently
to prevent the top of the mantle from unduly moving sideways.
In some cases instead of carrying the support for preventing undue sideway move-
ments of the mantle up the outside of the mantle I attach a wire or wires to the top or
inside of the burner or the collar, this wire or wires I carry up the inside of the
mantle and so form a "
pillar or post against which the top or sides of the
mantle can rest sideways, and yet be free to move vertically as the mantle expands or
contracts.
::
In some cases in order to produce mantles which shall be stronger for this method
of support I make them of a knitted, or looped fabric with two, three or more grada-
tions of thickness, or closeness of knitting, from bottom to top, thus the mantle will be
thick and strong at the bottom where subject at the greatest strains and gradually
decreasing in thickness or closeness towards the top.
::
In some cases to ensure that the bottom of the mantle shall fit easily over the top of
the burner or collar after incineration without undue largeness I insert a wire (of
platinum or other suitable material) in a "welt" or slack-course provided for it in
the bottom of the mantle, such a wire being formed into a ring that will fit easily over
the burner, or collar before incineration and it will then ensure the bottom of the
mantle being the right size and shape to fit the burner, or collar after incineration.
In some cases it is desirable to insert a somewhat similar ring of fine wire at the top
of the mantle also in order to keep it in a correct shape and strengthen it.
This method of supporting mantles over Gas flames from the bottom of the mantle
can be applied to either cylindrical or conical mantles, but I prefer mantles made
conical, and nearly, or in some cases quite closed at the top.
Dated this 17th day of December 1886.

page_text: Improvements in the Use and Construction of what are known as
"Mantles" for Incandescent Gas-lighting.
1 ARTHUR PAGET Mechanical Engineer of Radmoor Loughborough in the County
of Leicester do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
"
In the methods hitherto in use for supporting the "Mantles" over the burner a wire
or wires or a "crane-neck" has been used from which the "Mantle has been
suspended over the gas-flame the part of the "Mantle" to which the said wire or
wires are attached being at or near the top of the "Mantle." Now by this my present
invention I support the "Mantle " from the bottom instead of the top, to do this I
form a ring, collar, or shelf round the top of the burner a little distance below the
top edge of the burner. This shelf may either form part of the burner itself or it may
be formed separate from it as a loose collar with any suitable means for adjusting,
retaining, or fixing it where required. The "Mantle is made of such a size that
the bottom of it shall pass easily over the top of the burner or loose collar on the
burner, and the bottom of the "Mantle" rests on the before named ring or shelf.
"
Figs. 1 & 1 in the accompanying drawing show this arrangement, in plan &
elevation partly in section where A is the top portion of a burner, B the ring, collar or
shelf, and C the "Mantle."
The ring, collar or shelf B may be either a loose collar and held in position by any
of the well known and suitable means or it may be in one piece with the burner as
may be most convenient.
It will be seen that this ring or collar forms a shelf upon which the bottom of the
"Mantle Crests. I sometimes find it convenient to make this ring collar or shelf
with a bevilled or coned surface (as shown in Figs. 3 & 4) upon which the bottom of
the "Mantle" rests. This arrangement allows for any reasonable variation in the
diameter of the bottom of the "Mantle" and forms a convenient surface upon which
to fix the "Mantle as herein after described.
"
"
over
In some cases to enable the "Mantle " so placed to withstand rapid side movements
or shocks, or any side pressure without falling off the burner I (in some cases) fix the
"Mantle
"Mantle to the top of the burner or collar as follows:-I place the
the burner, so that the bottom edge of the "Mantle " rests upon the ring collar or
shelf herein before described, and then I put on a part or parts of the "Mantle"
which rest upon the said shelf a solution of shellac, or glass or other similar material
and then when the gas has been lighted a short time the solution will be solidified
and the "Mantle" will be effectually fixed to the loose collar or top of the burner.
This will be better understood by referring to Figs. 4 & 4. Round the bottom of
the Mantle either at several points or all round where the mantle touches the
collar B, I place a small quantity of a solution of shellac or glass. Then when the
gas is lighted the solution will be calcined & solidified or vitrified and form a stiff
collar or base to the bottom of the "Mantle" (as shown in plan and elevation at F in
Figs. 4 & 4) and at the same time fix the mantle firmly to the ring collar or shelf
herein before described.
::
In cases where the "Mantle" is required for a swivelling-bracket or in any similar
+

page_text: position it is sometimes desirable to provide a support for the top of the "Mantle"
to prevent undue movement sideways at the top of the "Mantle" without
impeding the vertical movement of the top of the "Mantle" due to its expansion and
contraction. This I do in some cases by carrying a wire from the burner or other
-suitable point of attachment. This wire I bend over at the top so that the end points
downwards centrally over the opening at the top of the "Mantle" and enters this
opening sufficiently to prevent the top of the "Mantle" from unduly moving sideways.
This arrangement is shown in plan & elevation partly in section in Figs. 2 & 2ª where
DD is the wire referred to. The bottom end of this wire D may be carried from the
burner itself or from the gallery and may be fixed thereto by any of the well known
means of attachment. It will be seen that the top end of the wire D is bent over so
that a short portion of it points downwards centrally over the burner & through the
top end of the "Mantle "thus forming a support to the top of the "Mantle in all
directions sideways and at the same time leaving it free to move vertically as it
expands or contracts. In some cases, instead of carrying the support for preventing
undue sideway movement of the "Mantle" up the outside of the "Mantle
I attach
a wire or wires to the top or inside of the burner or the collar. This wire or wires I
carry up the inside of the "Mantle and so form a pillar or
"post" against which
the top or sides of the "Mantle can rest sideways 'and yet be free to move vertically
as the "Mantle" expands or contracts..
"
"
"
This arrangement is shown in plan & elevation partly in section in Figs. 3 & 4
where the "pillar" or "post" is shown attached to the top of the burner. E is the
pillar" or "post" shown and in this case as composed of 3, 4 or more wires of
platinum or other suitable material bound together in three or more places, the bottom
ends of these wires are bent outwards and then passed through the wire gauze top of
the burner and bent flat on to the inside of the wire gauze, thus the pillar
"
"
::
or
post" E is firmly attached to the top of the burner. In some cases I make the
pillar" or "post" of one wire which I pass down through the centre of the top of
the burner and fix it to a convenient point or points inside the burner according to its
shape and size. This centre "pillar or post" thus acts as a guide or stay for the
top of the "Mantle against which it can rest sideways and yet be free to move.
vertically as the "Mantle" or the pillar expands or contracts.
35
25
In some cases in order to produce "Mantles" which shall be stronger for this
method of support I make them of a knitted or looped fabric with two three or more
gradations of thickness or closeness of knitting from bottom to top thus the "Mantle "
will be, thick and strong at the bottom where subject to the greatest strains and
gradrally decreasing in thickness or closeness towards the top which will be well
understood by anyone conversant with the knitting trade and the manufacture of
mantles for incandescent gas-lighting.
In some cases to ensure that the bottom of the "Mantle" shall fit easily over the
top of the burner or collar after incineration without undue largeness I insert a wire
(of Platinum or other suitable material) in a
"Welt" or "slack-course" provided for
it in the bottom of the "Mantle" such a wire being formed into a ring that will fit
easily over the burner or collar before incineration and it will then ensure the bottom
of the "Mantle being the right size and shape to fit the burner or collar after
incineration. Which will be well understood by anyone conversant with the Knitting
Trade and the manufacture of mantles for incandescent gas-lighting.
22
In some cases it is desirable to insert a somewhat similar ring of fine wire at the
top of the "Mantle" also, in order to keep it in a correct shape and strengthen it.
Which will be well understood by anyone conversant with the Knitting Trade and the
manufacture of mantles for incandescent gas-lighting.
This method of supporting "Mantles over gas-flames from the bottom of the
"Mantle" can be applied to either cylindrical or conical "Mantles
"but I prefer
"Mantles" made conical and nearly or in some cases quite closed at the top.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I desire it to be understood that I do
not confine myself to the exact details herein set forth as such may be varied or

page_text: modified without departing from the principal thereof; but what I claim as my
Improvements in the use and construction of what are known as "Mantles for
Incandescent gas-lighting are :—
First. The method of supporting "Mantles" from the bottom instead of the top by
forming a ring, collar or shelf round the top of the burner a little distance below the
top edge of the burner. This shelf may either form part of the burner itself or it may
be formed separate from it as a loose collar with any suitable means for adjusting or
fixing it where required. The "Mantle" is made of such a size that the bottom of it
shall pass easily over the top of the burner or loose collar on the burner and the
bottom of the "Mantle" rests on the before named ring or shelf substantially as herein
before described with reference to Figs. 1 & 1^.
Second. The method of enabling the "Mantle" placed upon a ring, collar or shelf
round the top of the burner to withstand rapid side movements or shocks or any side
pressure without falling off the burner by fixing the Mantle" to the top of the
burner or collar substantially as herein before described with reference to Figs. 4 & 4^.
Third. The method (in the case where the "Mantle" is required for a swivelling-
bracket or in any similar position) of preventing undue movement sideways at the
top of the "Mantle" (without impeding the vertical movement of the top of the
"Mantle " due to its expansion & contraction) by carrying a wire from the burner or
other suitable point of attachment, bent over at the top so that the end points down-
wards centrally over the opening at the top of the "Mantle" and enters this opening
sufficiently to prevent the top of the "Mantle" from unduly moving sideways
substantially as herein before described with reference to Figs. 2 & 2ª.
22
לי
Fourth. The method of preventing undue sideway movement of the "Mantle" by a
wire or wires attached to the top or inside of the burner or the collar and carried
up inside the "Mantle" and so forming a pillar or post against which the
top or sides of the "Mantle'
can rest sideways and yet be free to move vertically
as the "Mantle" expands or contracts substantially as herein before described with
reference to Figs. 3 & 34.
"
Fifth. The method of producing "Mantles" which shall be stronger for standing
upon a ring, collar or shelf by making them of a knitted, or looped fabric with two,
three or more gradations of thickness or closeness of knitting from the bottom to the
top, thus the
Mantle" will be thick and strong at the bottom where subject to
the greatest strains and gradually decreasing in thickness or closeness towards the top
substantially as herein before described.
Sixth. The method of ensuring that the bottom of the "Mantle" shall fit easily
over the top of the burner or collar after incineration without undue largeness, by
inserting a wire (of Platinum or other suitable material) in a "Welt" or "slack-
course" provided for it in the bottom of the "Mantle" such a wire being formed into
a ring that will fit easily over the burner or collar before incineration and it will then
ensure the bottom of the "Mantle" being the right size and shape to fit the burner
or collar after incineration substantially as herein before described.
Seventh. The method in the case of "Mantles" standing upon a ring, collar or
shelf of inserting a ring of wire at the top of the "Mantle to keep it in a correct
Eighth. The method of supporting "Mantles" over gas-flames from the bottom of
Mantle
as applied to either cylindrical or conical mantles substantially as
herein before described.
shape and strengthen it, substantially as herein before described.
the
22
D
1
1
1
1007