IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CIGAR TUBES AND CIGARETTE Tubes
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Augustus De Burgh, of 49, Beaumont
Square, Milo End Road, in the County of Middlesex, for the In-
vention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CIGAR TUBES AND CIGARETTE Tubes.”
Sealed the 9th July 1875, and dated the 12th January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Augustus
De Burgh at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 12th January 1875.
I, FREDERICK ÀUgustus De Burgh, of 49, Beaumont Square, Milo
End Road, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for “ IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING, WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CIgar Tubes and Cigarette Tubes," to be as
follows:-
My Invention or improvement consists in introducing through the
pipe two streams or columns of air, which streams are independent of
the ordinary smoke tube, rendering the pipe cooler, cleaner, and milder.

page_text: In the first place it is cooler from the streams of air flowing into the
mouth at the same time as the tobacco smoke. The outer ends of the
tubes being open to the air and the other in the mouth, a constant flow
of fresh air passes into the mouth, and mingling with the smoke cools it,
thus rendering the pipe more agreeable by taking away the hot unpleasant
flavour created by an ordinary pipe.
Secondly. It is cleaner by the stem being kept in a perfectly cool
state; the moisture of the tobacco, instead of passing up the stem in a
heated state as partial steam, clogging the sides of the stem of the pipo,
and being finally drawn into the mouth; by my Invention the moisture
is condensed at the bottom of the bowl of the pipe, so that the smoke
passes into the mouth quite dry.
Thirdly. It is milder through the smoke being diluted by an additional
quantity of common air, which mingling together in the mouth deprives
the tobacco of a portion of its deleterious effects.
The way I accomplish my improvement is as follows:-The pipe
requires to have the stem rather thicker than usual, about half an inch
wide, but I do not confine myself to any particular width, and a little
flat to enable the pipe to be bored or drilled with three tubes or passages,
one for the smoke and two for the admission of air, but if these passages
can be made with the stem narrower it may be done. The bowl and
smoke tube are made in the ordinary way; then by the side of the smoke
tube, but running from the front end outside and below the bottom of
the bowl, I bore or drill two passages right through the stem of the pipo,
one on each side of the smoke tube but independent of it, to the end of
the stem or mouth-piece, which I prefer to be a little rounded, thus
ensuring that the smoke tube projects well into the mouth. I do not
hold it to be particular in drilling the stem of the pipe as to the size of the
air passages; they may be as large as the smoke tube, but the two air
holes in the mouth-piece I prefer to be made each but half the size of the
smoke tube, thus the quantity of air flowing through the two passages
would be equivalent to the quantity of smoke drawn through the smoke
tube; but of course the air tubes may be made each the size of the
smoke tube, thus admitting a larger quantity of air into the mouth, and
diluting the smoke in a greater degree.
This Invention may be applied to all pipes of whatever material they

page_text: To enable the pipe to be used as an ordinary pipe if required I insert.
between the two air holes at the front end of the pipo a screw, which
may be made of wood, ivory, bone, or other suitable material (such
screw projecting beyond the pipo about four-tenths of an inch), in a
manner similar to that by which the mouth-piece is screwed on, and on
this scrow I have a cap of an equal size to the width of the stem, so that
the holes of the tubes may be effectually covered if needed, and the
passage of the air excluded by the cap being screwed up close.
3273
between the two air holes at the front end of the pipe a screw, which
may be made of wood, ivory, bone, or other suitable material (such
screw projecting beyond the pipo about four-tenths of an inch), in a
manner similar to that by which the mouth-piece is screwed on, and on
this scrow I have a cap of an equal size to the width of the stem, so that
the holes of tho tubes may be effectually covered if needed, and the
passage of the air excluded by the cap being screwed up close.
To use it as the atmospheric pipe two turns of the scrow backwards are
sufficient, and the cap may remain in that position without taking it off
the scrow as long as required.
:
To make very long pipes with wooden stems, if not found convenient
for drilling, the three passages may be made in separate lengths, each
length fitting to the other by a screw in manner similar to that by which
the mouth-piece is screwed on.
:
The distance between the air holes at the front end of the pipe would
require to be about three-tenths of an inch apart to allow of the insertion
of the scrow, but where they come through the mouth-pieco they may
be about two-tenths of an inch apart, these two air holes to bo in a line
horizontally with the smoke tube.
The scrow and cap in front of the bowl are not absolutely essential to
my system, as the pipe may be made with only the air tubes and smoke
tube, and it will then be simply the atmospheric sanitary pipe, but the
cap and scrow enables it to be used as either.
This Invention may also be applied to cigar tubes and cigarettė
D
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick Augustus De Burgh in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th July 1875.
:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
AUGUSTUS DE BURGH, of 40, Beaumont Square, Milo End Road, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-fivo, in the thirty-
ciglith year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Frederick Augustus Do Burgb, Her
special licenco, that I, the said Frederick Augustus De Burgh, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Frederick Augustus De Burgh, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO CIGAR TUBES AND CIGARETTE
TUBES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick
Augustus De Burgh, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months a
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Augustus De Burgh, do
hereby declaro the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
2
My Invention consists in the improvement of pipes, cigar, and
cigarette tubes by introducing through the stem of the pipo and also the
mouth-piece, likewise cigar and cigarette tubes, and running parallel
with the smoke tube, two small streams or columns of air, which streams
are independent of the smoke tube, the air tubes at one end being open 3
to the external atmosphere and the other in the mouth. At cach
draught of the pipe, cigar or cigarette tubes these two small quantities,
being drawn in with the smoke, renders the pipe, cigar or cigarette
cooler, cleaner, and milder than an ordinary pipe or cigar tube.
In the first place it is cooler from the streams of air flowing into the 3
mouth at the same time as the tobacco smoke, as a constant flow of
cool external air passing rapidly through the air tubes (in the same ratio

page_text: that the smoke is drawn in), by tending to keep the stem at a low tem-
perature and then passing into the mouth and mixing with the smoke,
cools it, thus rendering the pipe, cigar or cigarette tube more agreeable
by taking away the hot unpleasant flavour created by an ordinary one.
3. Secondly. It is cleaner by the stem being kept in a cool state through
the flow of air as before stated; the moisture of the tobacco, instead of
passing up the stem in a heated state as partial steam, clogging the
sides of the stem of the pipe, &c., and being finally drawn into the
mouth, by my Invention the moisture is condensed at the bottom
of the bowl of the pipe, so that the smoke passes into the mouth
quite dry.
Thirdly. It is milder through the smoke being diluted by an additional
quantity of the external air, which mingling in the mouth as before
described deprives the tobacco of a portion of its deleterious effects.
Though the foregoing bears only on the pipe, it is obvious they apply
also to the cigar and cigarette tubes.
These pipes, cigar and cigarette tubes may be made of any suitable
material that pipes, cigar, and cigarette tubes are usually made of, that
is, meerschaum, wood, clay, briar, or anything applicable for that purpose,
as I do not bind myself to any particular material.
The pipes may also be made of any shape, with flat or round stems,
straight or bent mouth-pieces, with the stem sufficiently wide to allow
for drilling the three tubes.
I do not hold it to be particular in drilling the stem of the pipe as to
the size of the air passages, thoy may be as large as the smoke tube, but
the two air holes in the mouth-piece I prefer to be made cach but half
tho size of the smoke tube; thus the quantity of air flowing through tho
two passages would be equivalent to the quantity of smoke drawn
through the smoke tubo; but of course the air tubes may be made each
the size of the smoke tube, thus admitting a larger quantity of air into
the mouth, and diluting the smoke in a greater degree.
And in order that my said Invention may be moro readily understood
I will proceed to describe the same, reference being had to the annexed
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1 shows the pipe as used on the atmospheric principle; Fig. 2,
transverse section of Fig. 1; Fig. 8, a longitudinal section of the same;

page_text: Fig. 4, another section showing air apertures; Fig. 5, a modification of
Fig. 4. The line a, a, under Fig. 4 shows the length the air tubes aro
to be drilled; also the line b, b, Fig 5, is for the same object.
It will be seen in Fig. 1 that the bowl and smoke tube are made in
the usual way, with the exception that the bottom of the bowl requires
to be rather thicker than usual, which part may be formed to give it the
appearance of the continuation of the stem to the front end of the bowl,
so as to permit of the air tubes passing underneath. Then by the sido
of the smoke tube in a longitudinal direction running from the front end
of the pipe outside and below the bottom of the bowl, and as near the
level of the smoke tube as the stem will permit, I drill two tubes or
passages b, b, for the air from the said front end of the pipe right
through the stem, one on each side of the smoke tube a, a, as before
described, but quite independent of it, to the end of the stem or mouth-
piece, coming out in a line, that is, exactly level with the smoke :
tube a, a, which mouth-piece I prefer to be a little pointed or extra
rounded, thus insuring that the smoke tube a, a, will project a little
beyond the air tubes b, b, and well into the mouth.
At the front end of the pipe between these two are passages I insert a
fixed screw d, made of bone, wood, ivory, or any other suitable material
(such screw projecting beyond the front end of the pipe about four-
tenths of an inch, or any convenient length that may be deemed
desirable), then to this screw d I apply a cap or stopper c, c, of an equal
size to the width of the stem, so as to effectually cover the air tubes if
required. The use of this cap or stopper c, c, is to regulate the flow of
air through the air tubes B, B, thus by giving it a half turn back, only a
small portion of air will pass through them, and so on in proportion
by turning it further backwards until the whole quantity flows through
the tubes.
The volume of air I would recommend (though I do not bind myself
to any specific quantity) is from two-thirds to an equal measure of that
of the volume of smoke, that is, if an equal quantity be allowed, each
air tube is to be drilled one-half the size of the smoke tube, and so on in
proportion for any greater or less quantity of air that may be desired to
be supplied in relation to the volume of smoke.
The distance I would recommend between the air tubes in front of
the bowl (but I do not bind myself closely to it) is about three-tenths

page_text: of an inch apart, but where they come through the mouth-piece about
two-tenths of an inch.
Fig. 2 is similar to Fig. 1 with respect to the bowl, smoke tube, and
air passages, being drilled exactly like the description given of that
pipe, but at the part of the front end of the pipe or stem as before
described I make to project beyond the bowl about four-tenths of an
inch or any convenient length that may be desired, and of at least an
equal width of the stem, or a little larger if required. On this part or
projection I form a screw on the wood itself, to which I apply a tight-
fitting screw cap. This screw cap I term a regulator for this purpose.
In the said screw itself at the front end of the pipe I drill on each side
and running into the air passages two or more small holes, such two or
more holes amounting in size to one air 'tube; if six be used, three on
each side, then the quantity of air passing through them would equal the
volume of air through the two air tubes, thus small or large quantities
of air may be had at pleasure.
"
Fig. 5 is also similar to Fig. 1 in the bowl and air tubes, but at the
front end of the pipe or stem, which is made to project similar to Fig. 2,
the pipe, after being drilled for the air tubes, is hollowed out a screw
formed internally to the depth of about four-tenths of an inch, or any
convenient depth that may be deemed proper, care being taken not to
hollow into the smoke tube. f.f, shews the internal screw; g, g, hollow
screws with small holes to regulate with. In this internal division ƒ,f,
which requires to be rather larger than the space occupied by the air
tubes, I insert a hollow screw g, g, with two or more small holes drilled
in it lengthways on each side, on the four or more holes may be drilled
or pierced round it, but the whole number in point of size are not to be
larger than the two air tubes. The use for which I apply these regu-
lators is the same as the cap or stopper, Fig. 1, as by being screwed back
the quantity of external air will only be that passing through these small
holes which are open at the time of its use, as the two, four, or six holes
may be open at pleasure; or if these regulators or stopper be screwed
close up, then all external air will be prevented from flowing, and it
might then be used if desired as an ordinary pipe.
Figures 6, 7, and 8 shew another modification of my Invention.
H, smoke tube; K, K, air tubes; and M, M, dotted lines showing collar
or ring. This pipe would require to be made with the stem round, and

page_text: the drilling for the air tubes would be from the end of the stem or
mouth-piece to about one-eighth of an inch from the bowl, or as near as
convenient, stopping there and not passing underneath. This part of
the stem outside, about one-cighth of an inch or any convenient distanco
from the bowl, I convert into a screw similar to that of Figures 2 and 4,
and of the same length. In this screw at the part nearest the bowl I drill
two or more small holes into the air tubes. To this screw I apply a hollow
collar or ring (of the same material of the pipe, or any other suitable
material, about seven-tenths of an inch long, formed into a screw on the
inside to fit the screw of the pipe, which collar, by being screwed back
or forwards, opens or closes the air apertures to the air tubes. The stem
would require to be gradually made a little smaller from the collar to the
end to allow of the collar working back over it. For the greater con-
venience of drilling they may be jointed just beyond the collar if
desired.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 relate to all pipes but clay.
I will now describe the application of my Invention to clay pipes.
This pipe is to be made similar to Fig. 2, before described, after the
manner known to clay pipe makers, that is, with respect to the bowl and
smoke tube as well as the air tubes, but at the projecting end, instead of
being screwed, the sides of the end are to be pierced in a similar manner
to Figs. 2 and 4 with two or more small holes, such end to be kept
closed by a cap made of wood, cork, vulcanite, or such material that may
be deemed suitable for the purpose.
Fig. 5.—This clay pipe is made liko Fig. 3, as formerly described, with
the exception of the projecting end, which is to bo hollowed out and
fitted with a hollow plug with two or more holes on each side; such plug
may be made of wood covered with cork, or of cork, or vulcanite, or on
any suitable material, the cap and plug of the clay pipes to be used as
the screws before named of the former pipes, and they must be fitted as
tight as possible.
Figs. 9, 10, and 11 show my Invention as applied to cigar and cigarette
tubes. The line drawn under Fig. 9 shows length for drilling air holes.
h is the smoke tube; 1, 1, air tubes; ", n, small holes drilled into air
tubes. Figs. 10 and 11 are views of cigar tube. y is the screw with
rim for regulating the supply of external air, and ≈ a modification of
same.

page_text: 1.
In applying my Invention to cigar tubes I propose to make in
certain respects the same as in the ordinary cigar tubes, that is, the part
for: holding the cigar (with the exception of its being a little thick is to
allow of drills in the air tubes, but the air tubes 1, 2, which will run.
quite parallel with the smoke tube h, and be in the same proportion as
those described in the pipes,) are not to be drilled quite through, but if
for the convenience of drilling it is so done the air tubes at tho front end
(that is, the part containing the end of the cigar) are to be stopped or
plugged up to the distance of about two-tenths of an inch, or any con-
venient distance that may be preferred; the rest of the air tube or tubes
to be the same as in the pipes to the end of the mouth-piece, On the
front end of the tube, and of any convenient length on the said tube,.I;
form a screw, in the sides of which screw I drill two or more small holes.
similar to pipe shown, Figs. 2 and 4. The screw may be four-tenths, five-
tenths, or six-tenths of an inch long, or any suitable length that may be
required. To this screw I apply a close fitting screwed ring with a rim.
Such rim and ring by being screwed back regulates the supply of
external air.
The cigarette tubes will be made similar to the cigar tubes, but for
greater convenience the screw may be made shorter, and two small air
tubes drilled as before described and the end terminating in the screw,
with two apertures of the same size as the air tubes.
-
I would observe in conclusion that these pipes rarely require cleaning,
as the moisture is absorbed in the bowl, but great care must bo observed
in making all the parts to fit very tight to prevent leakage, especially the
mouth-piece. Also, on no account must the air tubes be allowed to run.
into the smoke tube, but drilled quite clear and free from it.
The mouth-piece may be varied, that is, if desired it may be drilled in
a slanting direction from the-air tubes of the stem, and meeting in tho
smoke tube of the mouth-piece at any convenient distance from the end,
thus the smoke and streams of air may be drawn through one tube in the
mouth-piece; or the smoke tube may be drilled slanting in an opposite
direction to the air tubes; the mouth would then have two tubes. . I
prefer myself the three tubes.
_ Having thus described the nature and object of my said Invention, I
declare that what I claim and dosise to ho soused to me he the bassin

page_text: or passages, such tubes or passages being for the purpose of admitting
external air, such external air being employed for the purpose of ren-
dering the aforesaid pipes, cigar or cigaretto tubes cool, clean, and mild,
substantially as herein-before described and shewn on the Drawings.
Second. The principle of regulating the supply of air to the before-
mentioned pipes, cigar and cigaretto tubes, that is meerschaum, wood,
briar, or any other material used in the manufacture of pipes (except
clay), by means of screw caps, screw stoppers, scrow collars or rings, and
hollow screw plugs, as herein-before described and shown on Drawings.
Third. The application to clay pipes of caps and plugs without screws,
and made in the manner as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Augustus De Burgh,
have hereunto set my hand and scal, this Ninth day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.