IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATES FOR FURNACES AND LETTERS PAT
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATES FOR FURNACES AND
LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATES FOR FURNACES AND
FIRE-PLACES." A communication from abroad by Addison Calvin Fletcher
and John Hughes, both of the City of New York, United States of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st April 1866.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRATES FOR FURNACES AND.
FIRE-PLACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of grate bars with their faces in
the form of a series of steps one above another with air passages so arranged
in the rising portions of the said steps that air which is heated in its passage
through them is delivered over the surface of the fuel on the steps below.in
such manner as to inflame the combustible gases eliminated from the fuel...
The steps of these bars are braced by means of longitudinal vertical webs
which connect the upright and horizontal portions of the bars..

page_text: The Invention applies to steam boiler furnaces generally, and also to closed
and open fire-places. The steps, which have the appearance of gratings, and
of which there may be any number, are connected together by transversely
arranged vertical webs, and they are composed of any number of reticulated
bars, the sides of which carry lateral projections, as in ordinary grate bars, for
the purpose of keeping the steps of the adjacent bars at the proper distance
apart. The horizontal profile of the bars is of substantially the same form as
those of ordinary grate bars. The steps have parallel openings of any suitable
form, through which, as well as through the spaces between the bars, air is
admitted to the fuel on the steps. In the edges of the webs there are notches
so arranged that when the webs of two bars meet each other in the grate
the notches in the two bars will be opposite each other, and so combine to
form an air passage. In the upper parts of the vertical webs are air passages,
either horizontal or inclined, for the admission of air from below the grate bar
above the fuel on the steps. Longitudinal vertical braces extending longi-
tudinally from the transverse web of each step to the corresponding web of
the next one above or below, and connected in the casting with the upper
parts of their respective steps, serve to strengthen the bars. The braces may
be straight, but if corrugated vertically they will the more readily expand in a
longitudinal direction as the upper portions of the steps are expanded by heat.
The bars thus constructed may be arranged to form the grate, either side
by side and parallel or radiating from a common centre, and in the latter
case they may be arranged with their highest steps at the centre, but preferably
with their lowest steps at the centre. Circular grates of this construction for
stoves may be made entirely of one casting.
The best arrangement for the furnace of a cylindrical horizontal boiler will
be parallel and transverse to the boiler, using two bars for the width of the
grate, with their lower ends abutting together upon a fixed support under the
centre of the width of the boiler.
шес
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th October 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GRATES FOR FURNACES AND FIRE-PLACES," being a communication from abroad,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincont Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the saune is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
:-
This Invention relates to the construction of grate bars with their faces in
the form of a series of steps one above another with air passages so arranged in
the rising portions of the said steps that air which is heated in its passage
through them is delivered over the surface of the fuel on the steps below in
such manner as to inflame the combustible gases eliminated from the fuel.
The steps of these bars are braced by means of longitudinal vertical webs,
which connect the upright and horizontal portions of the grate bars together.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of
a grate bar constructed according to the Invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse
vertical section of the same; Fig. 3 is a plan of the same; Fig. 4 is a
transverse vertical section, illustrating the application of the Invention to a
cylindrical boiler; Fig. 5' shows in vertical section the application of the
Invention to a cylindrical stove; Fig. 6 is a plan of the circular grate used in
the cylindrical stove; Fig. 7 is a vertical section illustrating the application of
the Invention to an open fire-place for warming buildings or apartments.
:
1

page_text: Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several
Figures.
The series of steps A, A, the upper surfaces of which form the face of the
grate bar are represented more or less distinctly in all, the Figures of the
Drawing; these steps, of which there may be any number, are connected
together by transversely, arranged vertical webs a, a. On the sides of the bar
there are lateral projections 6, 6, (see Figures 3 and 4), as in other grate bars
for the purpose of keeping the steps of the adjacent bars at the proper distance.
apart, making the horizontal profile of the bars of substantially the same form
as those of ordinary grate bars, as shewn in Fig. S. In the steps there are
parallel openings c, c, of any suitable form, through which, as well as through
the spaces between the bars, air is admitted to the fuel on the steps. In the.
edges of the webs a, a, there are notches 9, g, so arranged that when the said.
webs of two bars meet each other in the grate the said notches in the two bars
will be opposite each other, and so combine to form an air passage like d, d.
In the upper parts of the vertical webs a, a, are air passages d, d, of circular
or other form, either horizontal or inclined, for the admission of air from below
the grate bar above the fuel on the steps; e, e, are the longitudinal vertical
braces for the strengthening of the bar extending longitudinally from the
transverse web a of each step to the corresponding web of the next one above
or below, and connected in the casting with the upper parts of their respective
steps. The braces may be straight, but it is preferred to make them corru-
gated vertically, as shewn in Figures 1, 3, and 4, that they may the more
readily expand in a longitudinal direction as the upper portions of the steps
are expanded by heat.
Fire-bars constructed on the above-described plan may be arranged for a
fire-place with parallel sides, or to constitute a circular grate. In the latter
<case the sides of the bars will radiate from a common centre. The bars of
the circular grate may be arranged with their highest steps at the centre, but
preferably with their lowest steps at the centre, as shewn in Fig. 5, which
gives the grate an amphitheatrical form. Circular grates of this construction
for stoves may be made entirely of one piece or casting.
The best arrangement for the furnace of a cylindrical horizontal boiler will
be parallel and transverse to the boiler, using two bars for the width of the
grate, with their lower ends abutting together upon a fixed supports under
the centre of the width of the boiler, as shewn in Fig. 4, in which the lines f
represent the transverse sectional profile of the lower part of a boiler. By
this arrangement the whole width of the grate and the bed of fuel upon it is
kept at a nearly uniform distance from the boiler, so as to subject the greater

page_text: part of the lower semi-diameter of the boiler to a nearly uniform beating
influence, which is one great advantage derived from the construction of the
grate in step form.
The grate bars thus constructed may be supported in the usual or any
suitable manner which will readily suggest itself to the engineer, according to
their arrangement. They may be applied to all kinds of furnaces, stoves, and
fire-places.
The coal or other fuel is spread upon the steps A, A, of the grate bars up
or nearly to the passages d in the webs a, a, so that while air is admitted from
below through the fuel by means of the passages c, c, in the steps, and the spaces
between the bars, air is also admitted above the fuel through the passages d, d,
as indicated by arrows in Fig. 1, and the air admitted through the latter
passages is so heated before arriving above the steps that its oxygen combines
readily with the carbonic oxide eliminated from the fuel, and so produces a
very perfect and intense combustion.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of improvements in
grates for furnaces and fire-places, and explained the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part
recited Letters Patent I claim, constructing grates in the manner above
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twentieth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
5 Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.B.)