IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINTS FOR PIPES TUBES, OR THE LIKE to be as follows:-
Year: 1885

page_text: I PAUL HOPPE, of 9 Gartenstr, Berlin, N in the Empire of Germany, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN
JOINTS FOR PIPES TUBES, OR THE LIKE to be as follows:-
'
"
This invention relates to joints for pipes tubes or the like.
The pipes or tubes provided with joints as heretofore constructed and serving
for the conveyance of liquids and gases or vapours, and especially those under
high pressure, possess the disadvantage that they have not sufficient flexibility, so
that, when they are employed under ground, they only yield very slightly to the
pressure of the ground. Also the slight bends which are frequently unavoidable
in laying the pipes cannot be obtained without specially inserted pieces. The
bends formed by the pressure of the ground however cannot occur without leakage
or breakage of the conduits or pipes. The spigot and faucet joints, which no
doubt are less subject to the said defects than other joints are not applicable for
withstanding very high pressure.
In order to enable such comparatively small bends in conduits or pipes having
flange joints either in laying them or from the subsequent pressure of the earth
without prejudicing the tightness of the joint, one part of the joint forming the
end of one pipe is, according to the present invention, made externally in the
form of a segment of a sphere, and is attached to a flange on the adjacent pipe
by means of a loose flange in the form of a ring and by screw bolts or studs.
The internal surface of the loose flange may be made to fit the surface of the
spherical portion, if desired.
In a flange joint which is specially adapted for wrought iron tubes or pipes and
the like the end of one pipe is formed outside and inside with spherical surfaces
having a common centre. The end of the other pipe has a collar which is level
on the outside.
The two pipes are connected with each other, by means of two flanges or rings
and by bolts passing through the same, one of which flanges bears upon the
spherical surface of one tube, sufficient space being left to allow free movement
of the latter, while the other flange engages under the collar of the second tube.
A ring of packing material placed between two rings of metal serves to form a
tight joint between the ends of the pipes.

page_text: According to a modification of the said invention which is specially adapted for
cast pipes, the end of one pipe has outside and inside spherical surfaces having
common centre. The end of the other pipe has a flange as usual. A loose flange
bears upon the external spherical surface of the tube.
The two flanges are connected with each other by screws or bolts as heretofore,
a packing ring being inserted between two metal rings.
In order to facilitate the application of the loose flange, it is made in two parts.
which are kept together by a ring surrounding the same. The flange surrounding
the pipe instead of being made as described may be cast thereon in a single piece.
The cavity in the loose flange may be formed with a rounded edge.
The internal surfaces of the ends of the pipes are not necessarily spherical, as
instead of them cylindrical or conical surfaces may be used if the movement of the
joint when under pressure is not required.
The packing rings may also be replaced by fixed packings. In this case the
metal rings may be formed in one piece or form part of one of the pipes. It is
however always advisable in case iron is used for making the pipes, to cover
the surfaces of contact in which the movement of the pipes takes place with
bronze or other suitable metal or to make the packing rings of this metal.
Of
'course, on both pipes of the joint spherical surfaces might be arranged for the
above described purpose.
Dated this 90th day of Novemban YOUR
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: I, PAUL HOPPE of 9 Gartenstrasse, Berlin N, Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to joints for pipes, tubes or the like. The pipes or tubes
provided with joints as heretofore constructed, and serving for the conveyance of
liquids and gases or vapors, especially those under high pressure, possess the
disadvantage that they have not sufficient flexibility, so that when they are
employed underground they only yield very slightly to the pressure of the ground.
Also the slight bends which are frequently unavoidable in laying the pipes cannot
be obtained without specially inserted pieces. The bends formed by the pressure
of the ground however connot occur without leakage or breakage of the conduits
or pipes. The spigot and faucet joints which no doubt, are less subject to the
said defects than other joints, are not applicable for withstanding very high
pressure.
In order to enable such comparatively small bends in the conduits or pipes
having flange joints, either in laying them, or from the subsequent pressure of the
earth, without prejudicing the tightness of the joint, one part of the joint forming
the end of one pipe is, according to the present invention, made externally in the
form of a segment of a sphere, and is attached to a flange on the adjacent pipe by
means of a loose flange in the form of a ring and by screw-bolts or studs.
The internal surface of the loose flange may be made to fit the surface of the
spherical portion, if desired.
In the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a section of such a movable flange joint and
Figure 2 is an elevation of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are similar views illustrating a modification.
Figure 5 is a section illustrating another modification.
Figures 6 and 7 are views illustrating still another modification.
In a flange joint shown in figures 1 and 2, which is specially adapted for wrought
iron tubes or pipes and the like, the end c of the pipe A is formed outside and
inside with spherical surfaces having a common centre at o. The end of the other
pipe B has a collar which is level on the outside. The two pipes are connected
with each other by means of two loose flanges or rings a and b and by bolts
passing through the same, one of which flanges bears upon the external spherical
surface of the tube A; sufficient space being left to allow free movement of the
latter while the other flange engages under the collar d of the second tube.
A ring m of packing material placed between two metal rings e and f. serves to
form a tight joint between the ends of the pipes.
According to the modification shewn in Figures 3 and 4, which modification is
specially adapted for cast pipes, the end of the pipe A¹ has likewise both outside
and inside spherical surfaces having a common centre at o¹. The end 6 of the
other pipe B¹ has a flange as usual. A loose flange a bears upon the external
spherical surface of the tube. The two flanges a and 6₁ are connected with each
other by screws or bolts as heretofore, a packing ring m¹ being inserted between
two metal rings e¹ and f¹.

page_text: In order to facilitate the application of the loose flange a, it is made in two
parts a a¹ which are kept together by a ring a screwed or shrunk thereon.
This flange surrounding the pipe, instead of being made as described, may be
cast thereon in a single piece.
The cavity in the loose flange may be formed with a rounded edge as indicated
in Figure 1.
The internal surfaces of the ends c and c' of the pipes are not necessarily
spherical, as cylindrical or conical surfaces may be used instead if the movement
of the joint, when under pressure, is not required.
The packing rings m and m¹ may also be replaced by fixed packing. In this
case the metal rings e¹ and f¹ may be formed in one piece or form part of one of
the pipes B'. It is, however, always recommendable, in case iron is used for
making the pipes, to cover the surfaces of contact on which the movement of the
pipes takes place with bronze or other suitable metal, or to make the packing
rings e, f and, el f¹ of this metal. If desired both pipes to be jointed may be
arranged with spherical surfaces for the above described purpose.
This modification is shown in Figure 5. The end of the pipe A² has a
spherical surface as well as the end d³ of the other pipe B³. The connection of
the pipes is effected by means of two loose flanges a² a³, two collars m² m³ being
interposed, which collars are placed between packing rings e³ f¹ and e³ f³ and are
kept apart by a distance ring v.
Instead of providing the ends of the pipes externally with spherical surfaces, the
end c of pipe A Figure 1, or the ends of both pipes A² and B2 Figure 5 can be
formed as shown at d Figures 6 and 7. The leather collars may also be dispensed
with, a packing ring f being placed in a suitable seat in the end of one pipe, in
such a manner that in the motion of the joint it is secured against displacement.
This modification materially facilitates the manufacture and working of the
parts of the movable joint.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
First. In a flange joint for pipes, tubes or the like, the combination of the flange
or enlargement (c, c or c³ Figures 1, 3 and 5) of one pipe, the external and
internal surfaces of which flange form portions of concentric spheres and one of
which carries the movable flange (a a¹ or a³) fitting the outer spherical surface,
with the end of the other pipe and the metal rings, the said end being likewise
provided externally with a spherical surface fitting the inner spherical surface of
the other pipe.
Second. The formation on the end of one pipe, of the edge d adapted to work
in combination with the spherical cavity of a movable flange, which cavity is
concentric with the inner spherical surface of the pipe, substantially as described
with reference to Figures 6 and 7 of the drawing.
Third. In flange joints of the kind set forth in the first claiming clause, the
arrangement of the packing rings or collars at the ends of the pipes.
Fourth. The modification of my invention wherein the end of each pipe is
provided with internal and external spherical surfaces and loose flanges, packing
rings being arranged between the two internal surfaces substantially as described
with reference to Figure 5.
20
1
1100C
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.