IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING AND ROLLING PRESS PAPERS, PASTEBOARD, AND OTHER PAPER REQUIRING TO BE GLAZED OR ROLLED, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Holmes Wright and John William Wright, of
Freedom Mills, Morton, near Bingley, in the County of York, Paper
Manufacturers, and William Clough, of Keighley, in the said County,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING AND ROLLING
PRESS PAPERS, PASTEBOARD, AND OTHER PAPER REQUIRING TO BE GLAZED OR
ROLLED, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 8th March 1864, and dated the 10th September 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Holmes Wright, John
William Wright, and William Clough at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 10th September 1863.
We, HOLMES WRIGHT and JOHN WILLIAM WRIGHT, of Freedom Mills,
Morton, near Bingley, in the County of York, Paper Manufacturers, and
WILLIAM CLOUGH, of Keighley, in the said County, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING AND
ROLLING PRESS PAPERS, PASTEBOARD, AND OTHER PAPER REQUIRING TO BE GLAZED
OE ROLLED, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to means or apparatus for producing the well-known
glazed or smooth surface on press papers and other similar sheets of paper by

page_text: pressure and friction, and the apparatus hitherto employed for that purpose
consists of a "pole" or a frame suspended on pivots at its top end, having a
"bowl" or roller in the bottom end, and to which pole oscillatory motion is
given by crank and connecting rod. A "bed" or table is hinged underneath
the pole, the surface of which is curved to the arc described by the radius or
oscillation of the pole. Paper is placed betwixt the bowl and the bed, which
is pressed against the bowl by means of a treddle operated by the foot of the
attendant. When the apparatus is used for rolling the bowl is at liberty to
rotate upon its axes, but when employed for glazing it is necessary that the
bowl should be made fast in the end of the said pole, and consequently when
in action one particular point or part of the bowl is always in contact with the
paper, whereby the said bowl becomes very hot, and liable to burn the paper
also the bed. being curved and hinged cannot be so accurately formed and
adjusted as is desirable. Now our improvements consist in having the glazer
made in the form of a section of a circle or sector, or a part of a wheel
including the centre or boss in which the bowl is placed. The middle part of
the rim or circular surface is provided with teeth or cogs, leaving a plain part
on each side thereof at the radius of the pitch line of the cogs. A suitable
framework having a projecting arm or jib is also provided, on the under side
of which are corresponding plain parts and cogs, forming a straight horizontal
rack in which the cogs of the sector can work, and plain surfaces can roll
together.
The
The bed or table is made straight and not curved nor hinged, but rests
horizontally upon a pair of levers or a combination of levers, which are
operated by a treddle (in the usual manner) for applying the pressure.
sector or glazer is actuated by a rod connected to the boss by a crank or stud
wheel mounted on the framing, to which rotary motion is given by any usual
means. The glazer is supported in near position by friction rollers and two
projecting arms of the framing. It will be seen that in this apparatus the
point or part of the bowl in contact with the paper when used for glazing is
variable, and moves in a perfectly horizontal line.
By means of this improved apparatus a better glaze or finish can be
produced with greater facility.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Holmes Wright, John William Wright, and William Clough
in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 9th March 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HOLMES
WRIGHT and JOHN WILLIAM WRIGHT, of Freedom Mills, Morton, near
Bingley, in the County of York, Paper Manufacturers, and WILLIAM CLOUGH,
of Keighley, in the said County, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Holmes Wright, John William Wright, and William Clough, Her special
licence that we, the said Holmes Wright, John William Wright, and Willianı
Clough, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Holmes Wright, John William Wright, and William Clough, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING AND ROLLING PRESS
PAPERS, PASTEBOARD, AND OTHER PAPER REQUIRING TO BE GLAZED OR ROLLED, AND
IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Holmes Wright, John William Wright, and William
Clough, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Holmes Wright, Johu William Wright,
and William Clough, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:
1
This Invention relates to means or apparatus for producing the well-known
glazed or smooth surface on press papers and other similar paper by pressure
and friction, or by pressure alone. And the apparatus hitherto employed for
that purpose consists of a "pole" or a frame suspended on pivots at its top

page_text: end, having a "bowl" or rubber at the bottom end, to which pole oscillatory
motion is given by a crank and connecting rod. Also a "bed" or table is
hinged underneath the pole, the surface of which is curved to the arc
described by the oscillation of the pole. Paper is placed betwixt the bowl and
the bed, which is pressed against the bowl by means of a treadle actuated by
the foot of the attendant. When the apparatus is used for rolling the bowl is at
liberty to to rotate upon its axis, but when employed for glazing it is necessary
that the bowl should be made fast, and not capable of rotating on its axis, and
consequently when in action one particular point or part of the bowl is always
in contact with the paper, whereby the said bowl becomes very hot and liable
to burn the paper; also the bed being curved and hinged cannot be so
accurately formed and adjusted as is desirable. Now our improvements
consist in having the glazer or roller (which is a substitute for the pole before
referred to) made in the form of a section of a circle or sector, or a part of a
wheel including the centre or boss in which the bowl is placed. The middle
part of the rim or circular surface is provided with teeth or cogs, leaving a
plain part on each side thereof at the radius of the pitch line of the cogs. A
suitable framework having a projecting arm or jib is also provided, on the
under side of which are corresponding plain parts and cogs forming a straight
horizontal rack, in the cogs of which the cogs of the sector can work, and on
the plain surfaces of which the plain parts of the rim of the glazer or roller
can roll.
The bed or table is made straight and not curved nor hinged, but rests
horizontally upon a pair of levers or a combination of levers, which are
actuated by a treadle in the usual manner for applying pressure. The glazer
or roller is actuated by a crank or stud wheel having rotary motion which is
connected with the boss of the glazer or roller by a rod. The glazer or roller
is supported or held up in gear with the rack or in near position for action by
friction rollers attached thereto, and capable of resting or running upon two
projecting arms or flanges of the framing, or other suitable means may be
employed for this purpose..
In order that our said improvements may be clearly understood we have
given reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings of a machine or appa-
ratus constructed in accordance with this Invention.
"
Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section, and Fig. 2 is a front elevation of
the machine.
A is the frame, having a projecting arm B, on the under side of which are
cogs, forming a rack, with plain parts on each side to the level of the pitch line

page_text: of the cogs; C is the glazer or roller, which is made in form of a sector or a
segment or portion of a spur wheel, the centre of which is also the centre of
the axis of the bowl or rubber D. The rim or circular surface of the glazer
or roller is formed with cogs, and plain parts on each side of the cogs to the
level of the pitch line of the cogs to fit the cogs and plain parts of the rack
when the cogs are in proper gear, so that the circular surface of the glazer or
roller will roll or rock smoothly on or against the surface of the rack when
motion is given thereto. The glazer or roller is supported or held up to or in
gear with the rack by friction rollers E, which are carried on projecting arms
or flanges F of the framing or parts attached to the frame. Motion is given
to this glazer or roller by a rod G connected to a stud or crank pin on a fly
wheel H, which is mounted on a shaft I supported in bearings of the frame,
and has driving pullies J thereon. The bed or table is shewn at K, and has a
plain straight surface, and is placed in a frame L, in which it is capable of
moving up or down. It rests upon four short levers or cams M fixed on the
fulcrums or axes of motion of two levers N, which are supported in bearings O
attached to the frame L. To the lever N are attached rods P connected with
a treadle R which is hinged to the frame L, and actuated by the foot of the
attendant..
The bed or table is capable of being set or adjusted by means of the
screws S, which will raise and lower the bearings O as required at any or all
of the four points of support.
.
As the circular surface of the glazer or roller is a perfect segment of a
circle, whose centre is also the centre of the bowl or rubber which is circular,
it will be seen that when it rolls or rocks on or against a true plain its centre
will move in a perfectly straight line, and that part of the circumference of
the bowl which is at any time vertically under the centre will always touch a
plain surface parallel to the under surface of the arm or jib of the frame,
therefore the bed or table on which the paper to be glazed or rolled is placed
may be a perfectly true, plain, or straight even surface. And it will be
evident that by fixing the bowl in the glazer or roller so as not to rotate upon
its axis, the same point or part of its circumference will not always be in
contact with the paper placed on the bed, but will vary the whole extent of
the stroke or movement, consequently will not be so liable to become hot and
thereby burn the paper.
Also it will readily be perceived that by means of apparatus so constructed
a much better glaze or finish may be produced or imparted to press
papers and other similar paper, and that too with greater facility than

page_text: heretofore. The bowl is capable of running on its own axes when employed
for rolling.
In witness whereof, we, the said Holmes Wright, John William Wright,
and William Clough, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Seventh day of March, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
JOHN WILLIAM WRIGHT.
WILLIAM CLOUGH.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Holmes Wright, John
William Wright, and William Clough,.
in the presence of
THOMAS, BEANLANDS.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)