Improvements in and relating to Drilling, Milling, and similar Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Jan., 1893-Accepted, 25th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Drilling, Milling, and similar
Machines.
I CARL KNUT EDVARD BILDT of The State Railway Station Gothenburg
in the Kingdom of Sweden Foreman on the State Railways, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:―
This invention relates to a feeding mechanism for revolving tools of the kind
commonly used in the working of metals and wood such as drills, cutters, planing
cutters and the like, the object of the invention being to impart to the work any
desired section and shape partly by means of revolving moulds and common feeding
screws, partly by revolving moulds and the work piece and partly by the combina-
tion of revolving moulds feeding screws and the work piece.
The frame can be arranged to slide in a guide which guide is also arranged to
slide in a second guide which in its turn can be adapted to slide on a bar by means
of the feeding screw. The frame constitutes a support for the tool as well as for
the driving mechanism of the tool. This mechanism may consist of an electro-
motor, a steam turbine, a motor for compressed air; or of a disc, which may be
turned in the frame, one or more shafts may be suitably arranged to which power
is transmitted by means of belting or the like, and which can be connected by
gearing with the shaft to which the tool is fixed. If an electro motor is used, this
is placed in the frame so that it may turn on itself. The frame is therefore made
in the shape of a bearing, embracing the motor, the outer shape of which is
cylindrical.
The said frame consists of a ring made in two parts held together by screws.
In this ring the electric motor may turn as a shaft in its bearings. In the frame
are journalled three shafts. The first or upper shaft is driven by means of screw
gearing from the inductor shaft, and the second shaft is driven in the same way by
the first shaft. The second shaft and a third shaft gear with each other by means
of a toothed gearing. The cutter is fixed at the end of the third shaft. Between
the two forms or modifications of the present invention there is however the
difference with relation to the motor that in the first the cutter is imagined to be
fixed on
a shaft journalled parallel with the above mentioned first shaft and
connected with the same by means of gearing. The second shaft is provided
with a pulley from which by means of a rope transmission and suitable gearing,
the motion is transmitted to the feeding screw. The second shaft is screw-threaded
at the end and provided with a nut in the shape of a handwheel, in order that
it may be displaced in a longitudinal direction.
The pulley and the revolving tool is thus fixed each on its shaft, but nothing
prevents the same parts being placed on the same shaft, and this shaft may like-
wise be screw-threaded and provided with a nut so as to be displaced in the
longitudinal direction. In order to turn the motor, the same is on its circumference
provided with a toothed ring, with which a screw engages. The cutter shaft
being eccentric with relation to the turning point of the motor, there will evidently
be a readjustment of the cutter when the motor is turned. From the foregoing
it will easily he understood, that the motor can be substituted by a simple disc and
that the force may be transmitted to one of the shafts by means of rope gearing
or by common gearing.
As already stated, the frame can be displaced as a slide in the guide, it will
however serve also to fix the frame on a table, so that it may be turned in the
horizontal plane so that the table will constitute a slide applied in the guide. In
this way it will be possible to adjust the tool to an angle to the axis of the work

page_text: piece. The displacement of the slide on the guide is effected by means of two
cranks projecting from the shaft and clasping the pins fixed in the slides, which
may be moved up and down in slots in both vertical sides of the guide. The
cranks can be moved along the shaft. In the bar is journalled another shaft on
the one or both ends of which a disc is fixed. Further projecting from the
shaft are two arms between which a roller is fixed. This roller is by means of
a weight a spring or such like held pressed against the disc.
The work piece is supposed to be mounted between two centres. The screw
advances the frame along the bar, and the screw provided with the pulley conducts
the tool against the work piece. The feeding disc by means of rope transmission
and gearing imparts rotary motion to the shafts and the pulley and, if necessary
also the work piece. The roller is pressed against the revolving disc by means
of a weight so that the roller always follows the edge of the disc. If the disc
is cylindrical and fixed concentric on the shaft, there will be no motion of the arms.
If however the disc is not of circular shape or is fixed eccentrically on the
shaft, the arms will be oscillated and consequently also the shaft.
In this way
also the cranks connected with the shaft will be moved and the slides will be
displaced, as the outer ends of the cranks will describe a circular arc.
and the revolving tool also partake in the motion of the slide.
The frame
In lieu of the roller, points may be used, which are fixed to the arms and
enter into slots in the disc. According to the shape of the slots in the disc
the arms will have an upward or downward motion or will remain at rest.
In order to understand the use of this invention it may be supposed that the
work piece secured between the centres is to be worked out to a spiral drill.
As is already known the slots of these drills are on the one side straight and ou
the other side circular. In order to effect this by means of the present mechanism,
the tool, a common cylindrical cutter is adjusted to the angle of pitch desired
on the spiral drill by turning the electro motor and the tool by means of the
screw. The shaft is provided with a disc of such a shape or with a slot of such
shape that it will feed the tool to and from the axis of the work piece and so as to
cut away the material where the edge of the tool is to be made. The feeding
screw, the spiral drill and the shaft have such a combined revolving motion that
when the machine is put in motion, the tool will cut a spiral groove, the one side
of which is round but the other straight.
If desired to work a coupling rod with a section having two concave sides, the
axis of the tool is turned to the same horizontal plan as the axis of the work
piece. The shaft is provided with a disc having a slot adapted to the desired
section of the work-piece. The roller and the dies will have the same rotatory
motion if the disc is of oval shape. By advancing the tool towards the work-piece
or by retiring it from the same, the work piece will attain the desired section.
If the speed of rotation of the work-piece or of the disc is changed, more cuts in
the work-piece will be obtained. If the section, required is in the shape of a spiral,
it is evident that this may be effected by a combined motion of the work piece,
the disc and the feeding screw. The feeding mechanism can also be used for
making a curved surface." If the work-piece is supposed to be fixed in a plane,
the tool fixed vertically and the shaft, provided with such a disc and rotated in
such a way that, when the tool has passed from the one end of the work piece to
the other it has moved first inwards and then as much outwards, the work-piece
thus attaining a convex surface. If the speed of rotation of the disc be increased,
an undulating surface will be the result, and so on. The motion can evidently be
transmitted from the shaft to the slide in many different ways, as by means of a
pin fixed to the crank and entering a slot at the side of the slide, by means of
toothed wheels and a rack and so on.
The turning of the electro motor can also be effected by means of the disc. For
this purpose a toothed wheel journalled in the frame can gear with a toothed ring
surrounding the electro motor and be combined with a roller over which a string
with a weight attached is passed. The shaft of the toothed wheel is to be provided

page_text: with an arm which with a roller rests upon the disc. The screw must then of
course not engage with the motor.
For certain purposes a mould may be applied on the bar for turning the motor
and a roller fixed on a pin projecting from the motor may be caused to follow along
this mould. The roller is pressed against the mould by a counterweight tending to
The motor will then be turned
turn the toothed wheel acting upon the motor.
according to the shape of the mould. If desired for instance, to cut a locomotive
frame in the rim, a mould of the desired shape is worked out and fixed upon the
bar, and the cutter is applied by means of the screw. The screw is then withdrawn
so as to permit the motor to turn round. In lieu of the toothed wheel an arm
provided with a weight fixed to the motor may likewise be used. Such an arm can
also be used in order to act against the first mentioned mould.
Dated this 2nd day of March 1892.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Drilling, Milling, and similar
Machines.
I, CARL KNUT EDVARD BILDT, of Gothenburg, in the Kingdom of Sweden,
Worksmanager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a feeding mechanism for the revolving tools generally
used for working wood and' metals, such as drills, cutters, etc. The object of the
invention is to be able to give to the work any desired form or section, same
being obtained partly by revolving formers or shapers and ordinary feed-screws,
partly by revolving formers or shapers and the work, and partly by a com-
bination of revolving formers or shapers, feed-screws and the work.
In the accompanying drawings
Figs. 1, and 2, are a front and side view of the apparatus, Fig. 3, a plan, and
Fig. 4 a side view, but with the working tool (a cutter) in another position than
in Fig. 2. The other figs. show details.
The frame a slides in the guide b.
The guide is itself a slide, movable on the guide o, which latter can be moved
along the bar r by means of the feed screw n. The frame a forms a support for
the tool as well as for the driving mechanism for same, which may be an electro
motor, a steam turbine, a compressed air motor, or a disc, which can be revolved in
the frame a, and in which one or several shafts have beatings, and to which power is
transmitted by belting or otherwise, and which are connected by gearing with the
If an electro motor is used it is fixed to the
spindle to which the tool is fastened.
frame a in such a manner that it can be turned round its own axis. The frame a is
for this purpose made in the form of a bearing which embraces the rotary motor.
This is shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9.
The frame a consists of a ring in two parts connected together by means of
screws. In this ring the electro motor can be turned as a shaft in its bearings.
is the armature and i the notor frame which as usual forms a magnetic system.
The frame is provided with bearings for the axles ', e and a¹. The shaft b¹ is
driven by means of worm gearing from the armature shaft and the shaft e is driven
in the same manner from 6. The shafts e and a' are geared together by wheels.
On the end of the shaft a¹ the cutter is fastened. Figs. 1 to 4, and Figs. 7 and 8,
show different arrangements of the motor. In the former figs. the cutter is supposed
to be fixed to a shaft mounted in bearings parallel with the shaft ³, and connected
by ordinary wheel gearing to such shaft. On the shaft e is placed a grooved

page_text: "
pulley p from which by means of a cord and suitable gears motion is transmitted to
the feed screw, Fig. 9. The end of shaft e is screw threaded and fitted with a nut
in the form of a wheel for the purpose of increasing or decreasing the diameter of
the disc, and thereby increasing or decreasing the feed. The grooved pulley p and
the revolving tool are in this case placed on separate shafts. It is however no
objection to arrange the two on the same shaft, and in this case the shaft can also
be threaded and provided with a nut. In order to be able to turn it, the motor is
at its periphery provided with a toothed ring gearing with the worm 2 Fig. 8. As
the cutter spindle is placed eccentrically in relation to the axis of the motor it is
evident that the position of the cutter changes when the motor is turned.
From above it will be readily understood that the motor can be replaced by a
simple disc and the motive power be transmitted to one of the shafts by rope or
wheel gearing. As above mentioned, the frame a slides on the guide b. It is
however also possible to fix the frame a upon a table in such a manner that it can
be turned in a horizontal plane, and to make the table slide upon the guide b.
This enables the tool to be put at an angle to the axis of the work. The movement
of the guide on the guide o is produced by means of two cranks e', e', on the
shaft gembracing the pins f, fixed upon the slides f,, which can be moved up
and down in slots on the vertical sides of the guide b, Fig. 2. The cranks e', e',
can be moved along the shaft 9. In the bar rare bearings for another shaft h on
one or both ends of which a disc is placed. Further two arms project from the
shaft between which a roll is fixed. This roll is pressed against the disc by
means of a weight or a spring.
The work is supposed to be fixed between two centre points, Figs. 1 and 2.
The screw n feeds the frame along the bar, and the screw p provided with the
pulley applies the tool against the work. The feed disc p by cord and wheel
gearing causes the shafts n and h and also the disc p² to revolve, and, if necessary,
also the work. Against the revolving disc the roll is pressed by means of
weight, so that the roll always follows the rim of the disc. When the disc i is
circular and placed concentrically on the shaft no motion will be transmitted to the
arms l. If the form of the disc is not circular or the disc is placed eccentrically on
the shaft a revolving motion will be communicated to the arms and consequently
also to the shaft g. The cranks e', e', connected with the shaft, are thereby also
turned and the slides f,, and put in motion, because the outer ends of the
cranks describe an arc of a circle. Finally the frame a and the revolving tool also
follow the movement of the slide b.
b
Instead of the roll k, points s' may be used, which points are fixed to the arms?
and move in slots on the disc ¹. According to the form of the slots in the disc
the arms receive a movement upwards or downwards, or do not receive any motion
at all.
In order to understand the use of this invention it must be supposed, for instance,
that the work fixed between centre points is the material for forming a twist
drill. As is well known, the slots on such a tool are on one side straight and
on the other circular. In order to produce this by means of the present mechanism,
the tool, an ordinary cylindrical cutter, is arranged at the angle of the pitch it is
desired to produce on the twist drill, by turning the electro motor with the tool
by means of the screw 2. Upon the shaft is placed a disc of such a form or
with such a slot that it feeds the tool alternately towards and from the axis of the
work, and so that it cuts away the material where the edge of the twist drill will
be. The feed screw n, the twist drill and the shaft receive such a combined
revolving motion, that when the machine is actuated the tool cuts a spiral slot, the
one side of which is round, but the other straight. When it is desired to produce
a coupling-bar with a section, such as shown in Fig. 2, that is, with two concave
sides, the axis of the tool must be turned to the same horizontal plane as the axis
of the work. On the shaft h is fastened a disc ', of a form or with a slot suited
to the desired section of the work. The rotation communicated to the work is the
same as that of the disc, when the form of the latter is that shown in Fig. 5.

page_text: By feeding the tool against and removing it from the work, the latter has the
form or section desired imparted thereto. If the speed of revolution of the work
or the disc is changed several incisions are made on the work. If the section.
desired is to be spiral, it is clear, that this can be produced by a combined move-
ment of the work, the disc and the feed screw. The feed mechanism can also be
employed to produce a convex surface as will be seen in Figs. 3 and 4. Suppose.
for instance, the material for a slide lock die to be fastened horizontally, the tool
placed vertically, the shaft h fitted with such a disc and receiving such a revolving
motion, that, when the tool has travelled from one end of the work to the other,
it has first moved inwards and then outwards, and so the work has received a
convex surface (Fig. 3). If the revolving speed of the disc is increased a wavy
surface is obtained, etc. The motion of the slide from the shaft g can evidently
be obtained in several ways, as for instance, by means of a pin fixed to the crank,
and which works in a slot in the side of the slide, by means of wheel and rack, etc..
For
The turning of the electro motor can be produced by means of the disc i'.
this purpose a tooth wheels has bearings in the frame a and gears with the teeth
of a ring which embraces the electro motor and is connected to a roll, round which
passes a cord, with a weight attached thereto. On the shaft of the tooth wheel an
arm is fixed, which with a roll presses against the disc . The screw must in.
this case not be in gear with the motor.
For certain purposes a former or shaper can be fixed to the bar, in order to.
produce the turning of the motor, and a roll ³, fastened on a pin p projecting
from the motor, can be caused to follow this former or shaper. The roll is pressed
against the former or shaper by the counterpoise u, that tends to turn the tooth
wheel that gears with the motor. By this means the motor is turned according to
the form of the shaper. If for instance, a locomotive frame is to be dressed on its.
edges, a former must be employed that has the desired form, and this must be fixed
to the bar and the cutter acted upon by means of the screw k². The screw is then
removed, so that the motor can be turned round without obstacle. Instead of the
toothed wheels, an arm, fitted with a weight, fixed on the motor can be used.
Such an arm can also be used to operate against the former or shaper first
mentioned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
g
I
1. Feeding mechanism for revolving tools such as cutters, drills, etc., characterized
by a shaft
from which projects an arm provided with a roll & that is held against
a revolving disc i, forming a shaper and which shaft g, by the turning produced by
the shaper, moves the revolving tool which is supported on a slide.
2. The modification of the arrangement described in Claim 1, in which the arm l,.
instead of a roll k, is provided with a pin or point working in a slot in the disc i¹.
3. The arrangement in which the shaft of the disc (see Claim 1) through
gearing receives its motion from the feed screw n, by means of which the support a
carrying the tool is moved along a bar r, and the feed screw through a cord, or through
wheel gearing receives its motion from a shaft e, that has bearings in the movable
part (the motor) of the support a and is in gearing with the shaft of the tool, for
the purpose of enabling the tool at the same time to revolve, and move parallel
thereto.
4. The arrangement, whereby the work is held to revolve by one of the parts.
described in Claim 1, and which parts can revolve one upon the other, so that the
movement of the work may be in a fixed relation to the movement of the tool.
5. The arrangement, in which, round the electro motor (the disc) is placed a
toothed ring with which gears a tooth wheel, connected with a roll, cord and
counterpoise, and to the shaft of such toothed wheel which has bearings a in the
electro motor is fixed an arın, provided with a roll that is in contact with the
disc described in Claim 1.

page_text: 6. The arrangement in which at the periphery of the electro motor, which can
be turned in the frame a as in a bearing, is fixed a toothed ring which gears with
the screw thread for the purpose of enabling the motor to be turned by means of
the screw.
7. The arrangement of a pin fixed to the motor (or the disc which can be
turned) and provided with a roll, that is held in contact with a shaper or former
fixed on the bar, and of a weight that operates on a toothed wheel that is in gear
with the motor, or on an arm fixed to the motor.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1893
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.