Improvements in Alloys and Compositions for use in Covering or Coating Surfaces of Iron and Steel, and the Surfaces of other Materials, in order to Prevent Corrosion and Fouling thereof when Submerged.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th Feb., 1892-Accepted 23rd Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Alloys and Compositions for use in Covering or
Coating Surfaces of Iron and Steel, and the Surfaces of other
Materials, in order to Prevent Corrosion and Fouling thereof
when Submerged.
I JAMES OCTAVIUS DAY of Arreton" Blackheath in the County of Kent
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described on an invention
for which an application for Letters Patent was made by me on the 10th day of
October 1890 No. 16107 which latter invention relates to the manufacture of alloys
and compositions for use in covering or coating the bottoms of ships and the
surfaces of other structures and articles in order to prevent corrosion and fouling
thereof when submerged and consists in manufacturing alloys for the said purpose
by melting together zinc and antimony or zinc and copper or zinc and antimony
and copper and in manufacturing compositions for the said purpose by reducing
alloys so made to powder and mixing the powder with a suitable fluid medium.
According to my present invention I manufacture alloys for the said purpose by
melting lead or a similar metal or similar metals with the zinc and antimony or
zinc and copper or zinc and antimony and copper or by substituting lead or a
similar metal or similar metals for the zinc. And I manufacture compositions for
the said purpose by reducing alloys made according to my present invention to
powder and mixing the powder with a suitable fluid medium."
Dated this 3rd day of June 1891.
'
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Alloys and Compositions for use in Covering or
Coating Surfaces of Iron and Steel, and the Surfaces of other
Materials, in order to Prevent Corrosion and Fouling thereof
when Submerged.
I JAMES OCTAVIUS DAY of "Arreton" Blackheath in the County of Kent
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described on an invention
for which an application for Letters Patent was made by me on the 10th day of
October 1890 No. 16107 which latter invention relates to the manufacture of alloys
and compositions for use in covering or coating the bottoms of ships and the
surfaces of other structures and articles in order to prevent corrosion and fouling
thereof when submerged and consists in manufacturing alloys for the said purpose
by melting together zinc and antimony or zinc and copper or zinc and antimony
and copper and in manufacturing compositions for the said purpose by reducing
alloys so made to powder and mixing the powder with a suitable fluid medium.
According to my present invention I manufacture alloys for the said purpose by
melting lead with the zinc and antimony or zinc and copper or zinc and antimony
and copper or by substituting lead for the zinc. And I manufacture compositions
for the said purpose by reducing alloys made according to my present invention to
powder and mixing the powder with a suitable fluid medium.

page_text: Whether it be desired to use the lead in substitution for a portion only of the
zinc or for the whole of the zinc and whether the other metals required to be
present in the alloy be either antimony or copper or both antimony and copper the
proportion of lead required to be used is generally about three times the weight of
the zinc for which it is substituted but it may be rather more than less. For
example an alloy of zinc lead and antimony which will have the same galvanic
relation to iron and steel as an alloy consisting of 35 parts by weight of foreign
zinc and 100 parts by weight of best star antimony may be produced by melting
together zinc and antimony of the said kinds and lead of the kind known in
commerce as Commercial lead" of the best quality in the following proportions.
Zinc 30 parts by weight
Lead 15 parts by weight
Antimony 100 parts by weight
or
Zinc 25 parts by weight
Lead 30 parts by weight
Antimony 100 parts by weight
or
Zinc 20 parts by weight
Lead 45 parts by weight
Antimony 100 parts by weight.
It must be understood that these definite proportions are stated only with the
object of illustrating what proportions of the lead are required in substitution for
definite quantities of the zinc as alloys having the same galvanic relation to iron
and steel will be produced where 100 parts by weight of the antimony and any
quantity of the zinc less than 35 parts by weight are used provided that in every
case the lead added be three times or slightly more than three times the weight of
the zinc omitted.
Where lead is to be used in substitution for the whole of the zinc in the alloy of
zine and antimony referred to the proportions will be as under :-
Lead 100 parts by weight
Antimony 100 parts by weight.
I do not confine myself to the use of the lead in the proportions herein indicated
or in any particular proportions as these require variation according to the con-
ditions under which the alloys are required to be used. And I do not confine
myself to the use of lead of the quality before mentioned as lead of other qualities
is suitable for use.
The proportion of lead required in the alloy relatively to the other metal or
metals therein will be to some extent dependent on its quality and the quality of
the other metal or metals selected for use and may be readily ascertained as directed
in the Specification of my aforesaid Patent with reference to the metals therein
referred to. In all respects the directions contained in the said Specification are
applicable to the preparation of alloys according to my present invention except as
regards the constitution of the alloys described in the said Specification which
according to my present invention I modify by the substitution of lead for a portion
or for the whole of the zinc.
The directions contained in the said Specification respecting the preparation from
the alloys described therein of compositions for the purposes described therein and
respecting the fluid media suitable for use in the preparation of the said com-
positions and respecting the manufacture of sheets of the said alloys and the
application of the said sheets to ships and other structures apply to the preparation
of compositions from alloys manufactured according to my present invention and to
the manufacture of sheets of the said alloys and the application of the said sheets
to ships and other structures.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I
claim :-
First Alloys for the purposes hereinbefore described consisting of lead and
copper or lead and zinc and copper or lead and antimony or lead and zinc and
antimony or lead and antimony and copper or lead and zinc and antimony
and copper in such proportions that the said alloys when in contact or in metallic
connection with the surfaces of iron and steel and submerged will prevent corrosion
due to galvanic action and fouling of such surfaces.
Secondly A composition consisting of an alloy or alloys of the kind referred to
in the preceding claim reduced to powder and mixed with a suitable fluid medium
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Dated the Twenty-sixth day of February 1892.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.