IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINTS OR CONNECTIONS FOR UNITING AND SECURING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF PIPES OR TUBES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hadley Riddell, of Cheapside, in the
City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINTS
OR CONNECTIONS FOR UNITING AND SECURING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF PIPES
OR TUBES,"
Sealed the 10th December 1869, and dated the 12th June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hadley Riddell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th June 1869.
I, JOSEPH HADLEY RIDDELL, of Cheapside, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN JOINTS OR CONNECTIONS FOR UNITING AND SECURING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF
PIPES OR TUBES," to be as follows:-
The said Invention relates to novel means for uniting and securing
together the ends of sections or lengths of pipes or tubes employed for
conveying water, gas, sewage, and other liquids or fluids, the said
Invention being applicable to pipes made of metal, earthenware, or other

page_text: materials ordinarily employed for the purpose though more especially
designed to economise and facilitate the manufacture and laying down of
cast-iron pipes.
To make the joints or connections according to my Invention I form
at one end of each length or section of pipe a socket or chamber to
receive the end of the section to be connected therewith, the said socket
being of such a diameter internally as to leave a space around the end
of the pipe inserted therein for a loose packing ring or collar of india-
rubber or other suitable elastic or compressible substance. When my
improved joints are applied to gas pipes I prefer that the packing ring
should be of lead, and should be of a sectionally conical form, its broadest
part being placed towards the bottom of the socket and made with sharp
corners, which when the loose flange is forced down upon the packing
ring will bind tightly upon the sides of the tube and socket. Ordinary
hemp packing and other materials may also be used for this purpose.
Outside this packing ring and upon the end of the pipe is placed a
loose flange which is connected to the flango of the socket by bolts and
nuts; by turning these nuts in the proper direction the loose flange
will be drawn towards or into the socket upon the packing ring. By this
means the packing ring is is compressed or flattened between the face
of the loose flange and the bottom or end of the socket, which is made
conical, so that the packing ring is compressed and caused to bind tightly
against the interior surface of the socket and the periphery of the end
of the pipe therein. The loose flange should be formed with a projecting
circular rim or shoulder to enter the socket and ensure the effectual
compression of the elastic packings in the conical bottom of the socket.
I prefer that the end of the pipe within the socket should be slightly
enlarged so that the packing ring when compressed will hold the same
in the socket with greater security. When, the loose flange is properly
screwed down upon the packing the same will make the joint between
the two portions or sections of pipe perfectly air and liquid tight, and
will also secure the two sections together in such a manner as to prevent
the separation thereof until the loose flange has been withdrawn from
the socket. The sockets and flanges constructed in the manner above
described can be moulded and cast with the same facility as ordinary
flanged pipes or tubes, and can therefore be supplied at a very moderate
cost.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Hadley Riddell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th December 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
HADLEY RIDDELL, of Cheapside, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of June, in the year
of our Lord. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Hadley Riddell, Her special
licence that I, the said Joseph Hadley Riddell, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Hadley
Riddell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINTS OR CONNECTIONS FOR UNITING AND SECURING
TOGETHER THE ENDS OF PIPES OR TUBES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Joseph Hadley Riddell, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Hadley Riddell, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawing forming a part of this Specification.
The said Invention relates to novel means for uniting and securing
together the ends of sections or lengths of piping.or tubing employed for
conveying water, gas, sewage, and other liquids or fluids, the said
Invention being applicable to pipes made of metal, earthenware, or other
materials ordinarily employed for the purpose, though more especially
designed to economise and facilitate the manufacture and laying down of
nast iron nines

page_text: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of two sections of pipe secured
together according to my said Invention; Figure 2 is an inside view of
a cap or blank flange, which I employ for closing the end of a length of
piping.
To make the joints or connections according to my Invention I form
at one end of each length or section of pipe a socket or chamber a, to
receive the end 6 of the section to be connected therewith, the said socket
being of such a diameter internally as to leave a space around the end b
of the pipe inserted therein for a loose packing ring or collar c of india-
rubber or other suitable elastic or compressible substance.
When my
improved joints are applied to gas pipes I prefer that the packing ring
should be of lead and should be of a sectionally conical form, its
broadest part being placed towards the bottom of the socket and made
with sharp corners, which when the loose flange is forced down upon the
packing ring will bind tightly upon the sides of the tube and socket.
Ordinary hemp packing and other materials may also be used for this
purpose. Outside this packing ring and upon the end of the pipe is
placed a loose flange d which is connected to the flange a¹ of the socket a
by bolts and nuts e, e¹; by turning these nuts in the proper direction
the loose flange will be drawn towards the other flange, and its neck d
will be forced down into the socket upon the packing ring c. By this
means the packing ring c is compressed or flattened between the end of
the loose flange d, and the bottom or end of the socket a which is made
conical as shewn in Figure 1, so that the packing ring c is compressed
and caused to bind tightly against the interior surface of the socket a
and the periphery of the end 6 of the pipe therein. The circular rim or
neck d should be formed to enter freely into the socket so that it may
effectually compress the elastic packing in the socket a. I prefer that
the part 6 of the pipe within the said socket should be slightly enlarged
towards its outer extremity as shewn in Figure 1, so that the packing
ring c when compressed will hold the said pipe in the socket with greater
tightness and security. When the loose flange d is properly screwed
down upon the packing c the joint between the two portions or sections
of pipe will be made perfectly air and liquid tight, and the two sections
will be secured together in such a manner as to prevent the separation
thereof until the nuts have been slackened and the loose flange has
been withdrawn from the socket a. The sockets and flanges constructed

page_text: in the manner above described can be moulded and cast with the same
facility as ordinary flanged pipes or tubes, and can therefore be supplied
at a very moderate cost. I close the end of a length of piping by means
of a blank flange f, which like the loose flange d has a neck or circular
projecting rim f¹. This rim acts on the packing ring c as herein-before
described and so compresses the said ring and causes it to bind tightly
against the interior of the socket a and the loose metal ring 9, which at
the closed end of a length of piping is inserted in the socket and occupies
the place of the end 6 of the pipes at the joint. The blank flange or
cover may be drilled and tapped to receive the end of a small pipe or
tube h which may be extended to any position where it may be desired
to use the gas or water, but whereto it would be unnecessary or incon-
venient to extend the large pipes.
Having now fully described my improvements and shewn how the
same may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice,
I claim the said Invention substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Hadley Riddell, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-nine.
JOS. HY. RIDDELL. (L.s.)
Witness,
H. J. GEDGE,
Clerk to Messrs. Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.