ÅRRANGE- MENTS FOR EFFECTING OR AIDING IN EFFECTING THE LOCOMOTION OF LAND CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES AND FLOATING VESSELS BY MANUAL POWER OR OTHER PRIMARY MOTIVE AGENCY
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Williams at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st July
1868.
I, THOMAS WILLIAMS, of Aberdaron, in the County of Caernarvon, Engineer,
dò hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED ÅRRANGE-
MENTS FOR EFFECTING OR AIDING IN EFFECTING THE LOCOMOTION OF LAND CARRIAGES
OR VEHICLES AND FLOATING VESSELS BY MANUAL POWER OR OTHER PRIMARY
MOTIVE AGENCY," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing carriages or vehicles with or with-
out passenger seats, and fitting such carriages or vehicles with arrangements
for obtaining locomotion by the agency of manual labor or otherwise. I now
prefer to adopt the following arrangements, namely, to the floor or framing of
the carriage or vehicle I secure standards to serve as fulcrums for levers
(secured thereto) free to move to and fro, such levers having ends of other
levers loosely secured thereto, the other ends of these last-mentioned levers
being loosely secured to cranks or eccentrics, which either form the axles or
are secured to and work the axles of wheels or pulleys, which I prefer to have
raised from the ground; and such wheels or pulleys should be stud wheels
with endless chains around them, having other such wheels or pulleys con-
nected therewith, on to which the said endless chains may be shifted, in order,
when desired, to change from a quick motion to a slow motion; and thèse
wheels or pulleys may be independent wheels or pulleys, or be keyed on the
axles of wheels on which the carriage or vehicle may be enabled to travel.
The endless chains aforesaid are to be made also to pass around other similar

page_text: wheels or pulleys keyed on the axle of travelling wheels. The levers firstly
herein mentioned have at their upper ends links with handles to enable
motion to be communicated by manual agency, which manual agency can be
assisted and rendered more effective by fixing a rocking seat in the carriage
or vehicle, such rocking seat having a back rest fixed thereto. The seat to
have one end of a system or systems of levers connected thereto,, the other end
or ends of which system or systems is or are to be connected with the said
first-mentioned levers, whereby the weight of the body of a person or the
bodies of persons working the arrangements will be caused to aid the progress
of the carriage or vehicle, since the pulling and pushing of the handles will
cause the swaying of the body or bodies, and the consequent rocking of the
seats and movement of the levers. The carriage or vehicle is to be pro-
vided with a steering wheel or steering wheels (one at each end), with
shafts or a pole for horses or draught animals, with a mast and sail, or with
power engine, as may be desired. A lever or prop may be secured to the
carriage to be let down upon the ground in order to lift the carriage or
vehicle over a stone or obstruction, or break, skid, or stop the carriage or
vehicle, or assist in travelling up hill. Further, the lever arrangements and
rocking seat herein described might be used without the endless chain and
pulleys; also a spring or springs might be applied to the rocking seats, to
aid the action thereof; likewise instead of moving rocking seats, I could
have a rocking flooring or flatform with seats or otherwise connected with
a system of levers working wheels of a carriage or vehicle, or the paddle
wheels or propellers of a vessel, and this would be used without the aforesaid
arrangements of levers worked by handles.