matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Ivers and James Pollitt
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 10th April 1861.
We, JAMES IVERS, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Spindle and
Flyer Maker, and JAMES POLLITT, of the same Place, Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, FLAX, AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to that portion of machinery employed in preparing
cotton for spinning, called the "presser flyer," and to such "presser flyers," as
are used in slubbing and roving frames. The improvement consists in the
employment of a "presser" upon the leg of the flyer opposite to that upon
which the presser is usually placed, and in so arranging the "presser " that it
shall press and lay the sliver on the bobbin at a point diametrically opposite
to that where the presser ordinarily presses. The sliver is delivered to the
bobbin directly from the flyer, not passing round a "presser," the delivery leg
of the flyer being opposite to the presser, so that the sliver is pressed on the
bobbin at a distance from its delivery, and not simultaneously as hitherto.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR BOILING FLUIDS FOR DOMESTIC OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Ormerod Lipsett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th November 1861.
I, ALFRED ORMEROD LIPSETT, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR BOILING FLUIDS FOR DOMESTIC OR OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
I employ a vessel of any desired dimensions, and formed of a conical shape,
tapering smaller towards the bottom, at which part it is provided with a water-
tight aperture, employed for fitting the vessel upon a tube fixed to a circular
concave saucer or plate in such a manner that the bottom of the vessel does
not touch the saucer, but allows it, as well as the conical surface of the vessel
to be exposed to the flame arising from the ignition of methylated spirit of
wine, or other suitable spirit placed in the saucer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HEALDS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Curtis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th May
1861.
I, THOMAS CURTIS, of Livesey, near Blackburn, in the County of Lan-
caster, Weaver, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HEALDS," to be as follows:-
Instead of the cords or bands at present in ordinary use I employ short
wires having in the middle eyes of any required shape, and formed at the top so
as to fit and hook upon the top shaft, but left at the bottom perfectly plain
so that they may be free to move transversely between two laths or shafts
forming the bottom of the heald.
The top shaft is grooved in the middle of the upper surface, so that the wires
can be supported, if necessary, almost behind each other, and thereby enable
the eyes to be adjusted to any degree of fineness of count.
AN IM- PROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE-POWER
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Doughty at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th June
1861.
I, JOHN DOUGHTY, of Craven Buildings, Drury Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE-POWER," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to obtaining a mechanical power by more simple and
efficient means than has hitherto been adopted.
I propose employing a bed plate having standards erected thereon to carry a
driving shaft, upon which shaft is secured the motive-power wheel. This wheel
is divided into sections by channels or grooves, in which are metal slides actuated
by toothed wheels and screws, and is provided with two semicircles near its
centre, one having teeth around its periphery, the other having teeth within,
so that when each slide leaves its vertical position, it commences to project
from the edge of the wheel, when by its own weight it falls into a horizontal
position, and the weight of the next slide carrying it past, it then commences
to return by the means before stated, until it again takes a vertical position,
by which time it is quite returned to its place within the periphery of the
wheel, neither end projecting, and so on with each succeeding slide, thus im-
parting a continuous motion to the shaft.
AN IM- PROVED INSTRUMENT FOR CUTTING PIPES AND BARS OF METAL
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Heap at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th November
1861.
I, WILLIAM HEAP, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Tool Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED INSTRUMENT FOR CUTTING PIPES AND BARS OF METAL," to be as follows:-
This improved instrument consists of a frame with an opening in it, through
which the pipe or bar to be cut passes; the pipe or bar is held in the frame
between rollers, and at one side of the frame is a screwed boss for the bush of
the handle, which is made with a spindle acting on a sliding stud, to which
one pair of the rollers is connected; and at the other side of the frame is the
cutting tool, which is acted upon by the spindle of the other handle, the bush
of which is also screwed on a boss. The instrument is turned round by the
handles above referred to, in order to cause the cutter to act on the pipe
or bar.
The above is a convenient mode of constructing the improved instrument,
but the details may be varied.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN TANKS OR VESSELS FOR DAIRY USE
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cloutman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th March
1861.
I, WILLIAM CLOUTMAN, of Calverton, in the County of Berks, Builder's
Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TANKS OR VESSELS FOR DAIRY USE," to be as follows:-
My improvements in tanks or vessels for dairy use consists in making the
same from slabs of slate, which are rabbeted and screwed together at their
ends so as to form the said vessels of a rectangular shape of large dimensions,
but very shallow, suitable for holding milk preparatory to its being skimmed
for the cream. The contents of each vessel are drawn off through a hole in
the bottom of the same, for stopping which a slate plug is used. Tanks or
vessels made according to my Invention will be more pure, cleanly, and durable
than those hitherto used, and much more economical in first cost.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TRIMMINGS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Wight at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd May
1861. A communication from abroad by James Wilcox, of New York,.
n the United States of America, and Hector Tyndale, of Philadelphia,.
in the said States.
I, ALEXANDER WIGHT, of Friday Street, Cheapside, in the City of London,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TRIMMINGS," a communication from
abroad by James Wilcox, of New York, in the United States of America,
and Hector Tyndale, of Philadelphia, in the said States, to be as follows:-
This Invention for improvements in trimmings relates to a mode of
ornamenting the edges of strips of fabric intended to be manufactured or
made up into ruffles, frills, or gathered work, and consists in attaching.
or sewing an ornamental edging or trimming to the hem or part turned over.
of such strips simultaneously with the production of such hem, the same--
series of stitches serving both to attach the edging or trimming and to secure-
and perfect the hem. This operation is proposed to be effected in a sewing
machine, which is provided with a suitable "hemmer" and guiding apparatus
for directing and guiding the trimming correctly over the bein..
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CAGES FOR SINGING OR OTHER BIRDS, OR ANIMALS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Abbott at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th May
1861.
I, WILLIAM ABBOTT, of Richmond, in the County of Surrey, Professor of
Music, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CAGES FOR SINGING OR OTHER BIRDS, OR ANIMALS,"
to be as follows:-
I form the ribs or vertical supports of my cage of eight (or any other
number) of pieces of wire, which I corrugate in such wise that each corrugation
shall support and firmly hold a wire placed horizontally therein. When I
have laid the horizontal wires I attach the upper one by the upper ends of the
vertical wires to a coronal or collar of perforated zinc or other metal or
material, and on two points of the coronal (or opposing parts of the collar) I
attach the ends of a wire (corrugated or not) to support the cage when it is
hung up. I attach the lower horizontal wire to a plain rim or collar of per-
forated zinc or other metal or material in the manner above described. This
collar drops into a metal receiver (also perforated) of any form; through this
and the collar or rim will pass a pin to hold them in position; the withdrawal
of this pin will allow the receiver to be taken off and cleaned, the bird
remaining quietly and securely on its perch. The glass holders for food and
water may be made to rest in supports of corrugated or plain wire at pleasure.
If desirable, I place the plain wires vertically and the corrugated horizontally.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Boden at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th October
1861.
I, EDWIN BODEN, of the Worsley Mills, near the City of Manchester,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS," to be as follows:-
My Invention is particularly applicable to carriage lamps in which candles
are burnt. In these lamps it is now customary to connect the socket containing
the spring and the candle to the lamp by means of a projection on the socket
fitting in a groove; this connexion is very objectionable, as the socket is liable
to work loose and drop out. Now my Invention consists in making the
socket with a screw which is screwed into a nut, soldered to or otherwise
attached to the bush of the lamp. By this means when the socket is screwed
to the lamp, it is securely connected thereto, the candle is held in the socket
by a cap with a bayonet joint, as in some lamps of the present construction.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MEANS AND METHOD OF FIXING COLORS IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRINTING AND DYEING OF WOVEN FABRICS AND YARNS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Thomson Pattison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st May
1861.
I, ROBERT THOMSON PATTISON, residing at Daldorch House, in the County
of Ayr, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MEANS AND METHOD OF FIXING COLORS IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRINTING
AND DYEING OF WOVEN FABRICS AND YARNS," to be as follows:-
The improvement I claim as my Invention consists in the use or application
of alkaline earths or their salts, without being combined with tanning matter
or other combination for fixing certain colors derived from tar products upon
woven fabrics and yarns, in the processes of printing and dyeing. Such use or
application may be varied according to circumstances, and I do not, therefore,
limit myself to any particular method; but, as an example, I may state that
I take a certain quantity of analine purple, thicken it with gum, and then add
a solution of acetate of lime. The product is then printed on the goods to be
operated upon in the usual manner, and the goods thereafter exposed to the
action of steam, also in the usual manner. The proportions in which the
coloring matter is to be combined, as above, may be varied according to
the particular colour or shade of colour desired to be fixed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING OR PREPARING TEXTILE MATERIALS AND FABRICS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harold Potter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st July
1861.
I, HAROLD POTTER, of the City of Manchester, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING OR
PREPARING TEXTILE MATERIALS AND FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to increase the density or substance of cotton
and other fibrous materials and fabrics. I effect this object by subjecting the
fibrous materials or fabrics to the action of a solution of rosin, or the product
left after distilling the volatile oil from the different species of turpentine.
The rosin is precipitated into the fibrous materials or fabrics by sulphuric or
other acid, or by acid gases or vapours.
'
IMPROVEMENTS IN WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Meyers at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd February
1861.
I, MICHAEL MEYERS, of Great Alie Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Umbrella and Parasol Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of combining or amalgamating with silk, cotton, or
wool, flax or hemp, either separately or collectively, in the manufacture of
woven fabrics, such mixture of materials producing a fabric very suitable
for the covers of umbrellas, parasols, wearing apparel, and other similar
purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OFF THE SCUM AND SEDIMENT FROM THE WATER IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Shepherd and William
Goodfellow at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 1st July 1861.
We, JAMES SHEPHERD and WILLIAM GOODFELLOW, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OFF THE SCUM
AND SEDIMENT FROM THE WATER IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
In order to collect and carry off the scum that is constantly forming on the
surface of the water in steam boilers, we employ one or more floating receivers
rendered buoyant by air-tight chambers, or other means; the said floating
receivers are connected to the waste pipe by tubes within each other, similar
to a telescope, or by jointing one tube so that it can vibrate upon another tube
in order that the receivers can rise or fall with the surface of the water, as it
varies in height or depth, and thereby carry off the scum to the waste pipe,
which is opened as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cooke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th October
1862.
I, WILLIAM COOKE, of 26, Spring Gardens, St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING," to be as
follows:-
One portion of my improvements consists in so constructing ventilators
formed of wire gauze or other material, perforated or otherwise, that they
may be capable of expanding or contracting horizontally or otherwise, so as
to fit any window or such like opening, the same principle being also appli-
cable to window cornices, poles, and the ordinary dwarf wire gauze blinds
for the purposes of ventilation or otherwise. For the above purpose I con-
struct the ventilators, blinds, cornices, or poles, or the frames of the same, so
as to expand or contract by placing one frame over another, and fastening the
same by a pin working in a slot, or by any other suitable means by which the
expanding and contracting movement may be obtained.
Another portion of my improvements relates to the fastening of such
ventilators, blinds, cornices, or poles by means of a fastening attached to the
window frame or beading of a socket or other required shape.
Another portion of my Invention relates to improvements by which venti-.
lators are constructed of wire gauze or other perforated material, of 2 or
more folds or slabs at an angle to each other, and which may be made
stationary or to expand or contract at pleasure.

page_text: Another of my improvements consists in the means of elongating the
ventilators, window cornices, blinds, or poles by means of a peculiar arrange-
ment of the ends of such ventilators by which they may be extended or con-
tracted at pleasure.
Another improvement consists in the application of wire gauze or other
perforated material to the top and bottom of a window or such like opening in
such manner that by means of a cord or other suitable arrangement they may
be made to act and work simultaneously or otherwise, so as to permit venti-
lation at both top and bottom of the window or opening to which they are
affixed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Henry at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th February
1862. A communication from abroad by Jules Lemoine, of 34, Rue
Saint Paul, Paris, France, Chemist.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARTRIDGES," communicated to me from abroad by Jules Lemoine, of 34,
Rue Saint Paul, Paris, France, Chemist, to be as follows:-
Instead of using paper to contain the charge, as is usual, I employ for the
purpose a tube or case of metal or other impervious material or substance not
porous to damp, wet, or air. I preferably form this case tubular or cylin-
drical, or as a short tube, and close one or both ends by a plug or stopper of
cork, india-rubber, gutta percha, or other suitable substance, to one or both
of which I sometimes also fix a disc or plate of larger diameter. I prefer,
also, a collar round the tube to prevent its slipping too far down the barrel of
I manufacture an improved ball cartridge thus:-I insert the ball
into such tube, push it part of the way down therein, introduce the powder,
and close the tube with the stopper. I pack the groove of grooved pro-
jectiles with hemp or the like soaked in or covered with tallow or similar
agent; and I sometimes run between the projectile and tube a mixture of
tallow and wax, or stearine or other impervious agent that will not melt
below about 104° Fahrenheit, and I sometimes coat the tube inside and out-
side with fluid, semi-fluid, or leaf varnish or collodion. When the projectilo

page_text: has a recess, a little gun cotton may be placed in it; the cartridge may thus
be used for muzzle loaders, the stopper is removed, and the tube inserted
into the barrel down which the powder drops, the ball is rammed home,
and the case thrown aside. I prefer to use a projectile conical at one
end and recessed at the other, and insert it in the case or tube cone end first, 5
and then introduce the powder, which falls in and on the recess, and I close up
or plug the end of the case.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINERY
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Ellicott Holmes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
May 1862. A communication from abroad by Frederic Otto Degener,
of New York, United States of America.
I, JOSEPH ELLICOTT HOLMES, of New York City, United States of America,
but now residing at South Parade, Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex.
Civil and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention of improvements in printing machinery relates to an
arrangement of parts, whereby a press for job work may be constructed in
such a manner as to be capable of being worked by means of a treadle or
winch handle or by power. The form of type is secured on a table mounted
on a rocking frame, which vibrates as its centre of motion on a shaft, which has
its bearings in the upper end of a pair of vibrating levers, to which motion is
communicated by means of a connecting rod and crank pin on the face of a
tooth wheel, which is driven by a pinion on the end of the crank or driving
shaft. The inking table is of circular form, and is supplied with ink from
a fountain, and is mounted on the same vibrating frame as the form of type,
but at right angles thereto or nearly so, is moved round on its centre part
of a revolution every time an impression is taken from the type. A set
of inking rollers are mounted in bearings above the vibrating frame, and as the
form of type and the ink table pass under the inking rollers the type receives

page_text: its supply of ink, and the inking rollers take the ink from the ink table. The
type then continues its rotation in order to be brought opposite to the platen,
which is supplied by hand with paper, card, or other substance to be printed.
The platen is mounted on two arms, which rock on the shaft or axle of the
large toothed wheel which carries the crank pin, whereby the vibrating type
frame is actuated. The lower edge of the platen is connected by links to the
lower end of the vibrating type frame, and consequently their parts act
together, the platen by this arrangement being made to vibrate with the type
frame. The platen is brought into a horizontal position to receive the paper
or substance to be printed, and is then carried down into a vertical position,
and brought against the type to receive the impression, a pair of fingers being
placed between the type and the platen to hold the paper or substance to be
printed. The attendant takes off the printed sheet with one hand, and places
a fresh sheet on the platen with the other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRIMMINGS, TUFTS, AND OTHER ARTICLES FOR ORNAMENTAL AND DECORATIVE PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Slatford at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th July
1862.
I, CHARLES SLATFORD, in the Employment of Meyer Meyer, of Cannon
Street West, in the City of London, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRIMMINGS, TUFTS, AND
OTHER ARTICLES FOR ORNAMENTAL AND DECORATIVE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in taking lambs' wool or sheeps' wool while still
adhering to the skin, and in shaping the skin according to the purpose to
which the wool is to be applied in order to impart the desired shape to the
tuft or other article. The wool may be dyed any desired color or colors, or
may be used white. In some cases I unite two or more skins having the wool
dyed in different colors.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF WAX AND OTHER SUBSTANCES OF A SIMILAR NATURE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Cooper Willis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1862.
I, EDWARD COOPER WILLIS, of Addison Road, Kensington, in the County
5 of Middlesex, Bachelor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF WAX AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
OF A SIMILAR NATURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the bleaching of the different varieties of wax
and analogous substances by means of their treatment with charcoal. The
O treatment may be carried out in various ways, but the essence of my Inven-
tion consists in the use of charcoal as a bleaching or purifying agent for wax
and analogous substances, such as spermaceti and paraffine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING, BENDING, AND PLANING METALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Fletcher and John William
Fuller at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 15th May 1862.
We, JAMES FLETCHER and JOHN WILLIAM FULLER, both of the Firm of
Messieurs William Collier and Company, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers and Tool Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING, BENDING, AND
PLANING METALS," to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention consists in the application of hydraulic
pressure for forcing up and drawing back the squeezing or nipping rolls of
machinery for rolling tyres, hoops, and other circles of steel, iron, or other
metal.
In performing our Invention we employ a double ram of two diameters, the
larger ram is for giving the pressure to the rolls while the tyre or other article
is being rolled, and the smaller ram is for drawing the rolls quickly asunder
when the rolling is completed. The advantages of this method are, firstly, a
considerable reduction in the labour required, as one man can control the
pumps and put any necessary pressure upon the rolls; and, secondly, a much
greater pressure can be put on than with the old method of screws or
eccentrics, thereby enabling the work to be drawn out quicker whilst hot.
The second part of our Invention consists of an improved combination of
machinery for bending armour or other strong metal plates. The machinery

page_text: consists of a strong table, capable of being moved to and fro on a bed by screw
and nut or other equivalent; the plate to be bent is attached by a clamp to
this table, and it passes between a pair of adjustable guide blocks, then over
one or more adjustable blocks or rollers, and then between a pair of rollers,
which are mounted on a swivel frame, and can be made to approach or recede
from each other. The plate to be bent is pressed by the rollers over or against
the adjustable block to the curve or shape required, the pressure being derived
from a hydraulic ram. acting on the swivel frame in, which the rollers are
mounted. When the plate has to be twisted as well as bent, the requisite
twist can be given to the rollers by the swivel frame in which they revolve.
For some purposes a single roller in the swivel frame is sufficient.
The third part of our Invention consists in the application of friction cones
or other friction apparatus for driving planing machines. This enables us to
use only two pulleys, one fast and one loose, and when the machine is in
operation, the strap is not moved from one pulley to the other at each stroke
of the machine, as now customary; but it remains on the fast pulley, running
always, in the same direction, the reversing motion being obtained by the
friction cones or other friction apparatus mentioned above. When the table
of the machine is running in the cutting direction, the wheels for the return
motion are thrown out of geer, and "vice versa."
IMPROVEMENTS IN BLAST FURNACES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th August
1862. A communication from abroad by Daniel Schwabe, of Terre
Noire, Saint Etienne, in the Empire of France, Engineer.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BLAST FURNACES," a communication to me from abroad by
Daniel Schwabe, of Terre Noire, Saint Etienne, in the Empire of France,
Engineer, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the adaptation to blast furnaces of a peculiar
arrangement of apparatus or means for collecting and utilizing the otherwise
waste gases which ordinarily escape from the mouth or top of the furnace.
According to this Invention a circular or other shaped metal hopper or
casing is placed inside the throat of the furnace, and extends a short distance
down the same, having an annular space or chamber all round between the
outer side of the hopper and the inner side of the throat of the furnace. The
gases pass into this annular chamber, and are conducted therefrom to any
locality where they are to be used by suitable conduits or passages opening
directly into the annular chamber above referred to. The hopper is connected
in any convenient manner to a cast-iron plate forming the crown of the furnace,
such plate having an annular water gutter constructed thereon for the purpose

page_text: of forming a hydraulic joint for the reception of the lip or edge of a dome-
shaped metal cover, which entirely closes the mouth of the furnace, but is so
formed and disposed as to leave an annular opening between the top edge or
lip of the hopper and the inner side or wall of the gatter, to allow a portion of
the gases to pass freely over the edge of the hopper and down into the annular
chamber first referred to, suitable stops or valves being placed, if desired, in the
openings leading to the chamber below, for the purpose of regulating the
draught or passage of the gas. By this system the gases are collected equally
from all parts of the transverse section of the furnace, one portion passing over
the upper lip or edge of the hopper, and then downwards into the annular
chamber, and the other portion passing directly upwards into the annular
chamber, entering it at the bottom by passing under the lower lip or edge of
the hopper. A weighted lever working on a swivel fulcrum may be used for
elevating and removing the cover, when required.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MOUNTING PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS FOR VISITING CARDS, AND IN MOUNTING PHOTOGRAPHS IN GENERAL
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harrington and Thomas
Perkins at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 30th April 1862..
We, JOHN HARRINGTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Photographic Artist, and THOMAS PERKINS, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Lime
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN MOUNTING PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS FOR
VISITING CARDS, AND IN MOUNTING PHOTOGRAPHS IN GENERAL," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists in making a depression in that part of the card at
which the photograph is to be mounted; the said depression being of the size
and shape of the photograph, and constituting a sunk recess, in which the
photograph is placed, and secured by gelatine or other adhesive material. The
depression or recess may either extend through only part of the substance of
the card mount, or through the whole substance of the said card mount; that
is, the depression or recess may be made in the front of the card mount
without any corresponding projection at the back or opposite. The depression
in front may be a corresponding projection at back. When we make the
depression in front without a projection at back, the card is compressed at the
sunk part into a less thickness than that of the other parts of the card. When
we make a projection at back, a thinner card may be employed than when
there is no projection at the back. The depression may be surrounded with

page_text: an ornamental border. The sinking of the photograph in the card mount
preserves the photograph, and gives it an elegant appearance.
Our Invention is particularly applicable to small photographs for visiting
cards, but is also applicable to photographs of larger size. We make the
depression in the card mount by means of dies and
pressure.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES, WATER WHEELS, MILLS, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hyde and Jessia Hyde at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
30th July 1862.
We, JOSEPH HYDE, of Bradbury, in the County of Chester, and JESSIA
HYDE, of the same Place, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES,
WATER WHEELS, MILLS, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of insuring the slightest altera-
tion of the governor being transferred to the steam supply valve, and thus to
render the governor more positive and sensitive in its action, and prevent
inaccuracy from the adhesion or friction of any part.
The improvement consists in the application and use of a train of gearing
interposed between the governor and the steam valve for the above purpose.
Upon the vertical shaft driving the governor a pinion is fixed gearing with
another pinion which drives a shaft actuating bevil gearing and a double
catch box, which is connected and disconnected by the movement of the ordi-
nary lever acted upon by the "governor;" these upper or lower catches being
thrown in or out of gear regulates the admission of the steam by opening or
closing the steam supply valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILER, AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Harper at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
November 1862.
I, WILLIAM HARPER, of Sharples, near Bolton-le-Moors, in the County
of Lancaster, Bleacher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILER, AND OTHER
FURNACES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to increase the combustion of smoke, and
the manner of accomplishing this is as follows:-The bridge of the furnace
instead of being of solid brickwork as now customary is made of perforated blocks
of fire brick, or other suitable material, and instead of leaving a passage for
the smoke between the top of the bridge and the under side of the boiler or
flue, the bridge is built up to the under side of the boiler or flue, thus causing
the smoke to pass through the perforations above referred to, and as the blocks
in which the perforations are made are heated by the fire of the furnace it is.
evident that the smoke in passing through the perforations becomes ignited
and is thus advantageously disposed of instead of making its escape to the
chimney. In some cases a bridge of the ordinary construction may be used
in combination with the perforated bridge above described.
AN IMPROVED CRINOLINE CONNECTOR AND SUSPENDER
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Calley Lingham and Joseph
Nicklin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 31st May 1862.
We, GEORGE CALLEY LINGHAM and JOSEPH NICKLIN, trading under the
style or firm of Charles Rowley & Co., Button Manufacturers, Stampers
and Piercers, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CRINOLINE CONNECTOR
AND SUSPENDER," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
Our improvements consist in cutting out strips of metal by the aid of
suitable press tools with projecting ears at the ends and in the middle,
together with suitable teeth that project in the proper direction for holding
the crinoline to be encompassed. And clips thus formed may be used for
uniting a series of crinoline bands or hoops together at suitable distances
apart, or for uniting the ends of the crinoline together, so as to complete the
band or hoop; to complete the former case vertical tapes or webs are used,
secured to the upper hoop or band of crinolines, and at the proper distance
down another row of crinoline is secured, and so on, until the crinoline skirt
is completed; to effect this forms one of the objects of our Invention, which
we do in the following way:-In the centre of the metal strip, before referred
to, pointed ears are formed top and bottom, which are bent at right angles,
and passed through the web or other material where the crinoline band is
required to be fastened, and by laying a crinoline across the web or material,
and between the two pointed ears before referred to, it is then in a position

page_text: to be further secured by not only pressing down the said pointed ears, but
also the end ears, which are brought over and flattened down, so as to com-
pletely encompass the band of crinoline, and the distance between the end
ears being the same as the width of the web or other material used for
uniting the bands of crinoline, it is evident that such web will be thoroughly
secured; and when the ends of the crinoline are required to be united or held
together we adopt identically the same means, simply by laying them one on
the other, and clipping them as before described, thus the most efficient,
simple, and economic crinoline fastener is produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE POTS AND BOILERS FOR CULINARY PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st January 1862.-A communication from abroad by Edward Fielding
Woodward, of Brooklyn, King's County, State of New York, United
States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COFFEE POTS AND BOILERS FOR
CULINARY PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in combining a convolute or coiled tube with
a boiler, central tubes, and perforated food holder or receptacle, so that when
heat is applied to the apparatus or device, and the water commences to be
heated a circulation or current will be formed within the boiler, and the water
very expeditiously heated and boiled, while the substance or material to be
boiled or decocted will be disposed in the most advantageous manner in the
current of water to favor the cooking or extracting process.
The Invention consists, secondly, in using in connection with the boiler a
coiled tube and food holder or receptacle aforesaid, one or more supplemental
chambers or vessels placed under and over the other, and communicating with

page_text: each other and the boiler by means of a tube or tubes, constructed and
arranged to favor the ascent of steam or heated air with the supplemental
chambers for warming or cooking articles of food, and at the same time serve
as a means to keep the cover or lid of the receptacle or boiler in proper
position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF MASTS, YARDS, AND BOOMS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Harratt, of Hornsey Lane, Highgate, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF MASTS, YARDS, AND BOOMS."
Sealed the 3rd October 1862, and dated the 14th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Harratt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents with his Petition on the 14th
April 1862.
I, CHARLES HARRATT, of Hornsey Lane, Highgate, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MASTS, YARDS, AND BOOMS," to be as follows:-
The object of part of the Invention is to construct masts strong enough to
stand up against the pressure of the wind upon the sails without the aid of
standing rigging.
For this purpose a mast is constructed of a series of concentric tubes of
sheet metal, the interstices between them being filled up with melted or
dissolved india-rubber, or it may be pitch or other matters which can be made
fluid, and will afterwards set solid, and yet remain flexible. The specific

page_text: gravity of india-rubber is much less than that of iron, and a mast constructed
as above described will remove all danger of a collapse or change of form
upon pressure.
The iron for the tubes is rolled into the form of segments of circles; these
are united to form circles, by welding to them bars of iron running lengthwise
of the mast, these bars are all welded to each other, and thus form internal
stays, which give further strength to the hollow tube. Yards and booms are
made in the same manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRINOLINE OR ELASTIC HOOPS FOR DRESSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hedgcombe Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
October 1862.
I, GEORGE HEDGCOMBE SMITH, of North Perrott, in the County of Somerset,
Twine and Web [Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRINOLINE OR ELASTIC
HOOPS FOR DRESSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in combining metallic and fibrous strands together
for the purpose of forming an elastic fabric suitable for making elastic hoops
for dresses.
In carrying out the Invention the metallic and fibrous strands are arranged
side by side in the form of a warp, and are woven into a fabric of the desired
width by the introduction of ordinary weft threads.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF CONSTRUCTING TRAVELLING TRUNKS AND PORTMANTEAUS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Hosch, Commercial Agent, of No. 9, Laurence
Pountney Hill, Cannon Street, in the City of London, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF CONSTRUCTING TRAVELLING TRUNKS AND
PORTMANTEAUS."
Sealed the 6th April 1868, and dated the 10th October 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Hosch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
October 1862.
I, LOUIS HOSCH, Commercial Agent, of No. 9, Laurence Pountney Hill,
Cannon Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF CONSTRUCTING TRAVELLING
TRUNKS AND PORTMANTEAUS," to be as follows:-
The method I adopt to make the cases of travelling trunks and port-
manteaus is as follows, my object being to make them light and strong:-I
take two thin sheets of suitable wood and glue them together, applying a
sheet of canvass or other suitable materials between them, taking care to cross
the grain of such wood, this forms the cases of the shapes required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING MIXED OR PLAIN FABRICS AND YARNS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Frederick Burdett Mayall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th May 1862.
I, FRANCIS FREDERICK BURDETT MAYALL, of Warrington, in the County of
Lancaster, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING MIXED OR PLAIN FABRICS AND YARNS," to be as
follows:-
I dye mixed fabrics or yarns, such as a mixture of silk, cotton, woollen,
worsted, and linen at one operation, either black, drab, claret, brown, olive,
or other color, in not more than one to three vats, as may be required; or I
dye fabrics made of any one of the said materials separately in the same way.
For this purpose, instead of using a number of vats, and consequently a
number of separate processes as at present adopted, I never exceed three, and
in all ordinary cases only two. For example, in dyeing either mixed or plain
fabrics black in No. 1 vat, I use chipped or ground logwood, brown sugar of
lead, manganese, and ammonia of copper, with a little fustic chipped or
ground. The heat of the water and the proportions of the different materials
must vary according to the substances of the articles to be dyed. No. 2 vat,
which is a finishing or cleaning process, is composed of a solution of neutral
chromate of potash, and bi-chromate of potash added, if necessary, or, for
some shades, a little ammonia or sulphur of iron.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GAUGING AND CUTTING SOAP
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Davies at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th January
1862.
I, EDWARD DAVIES, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR GAUGING AND CUTTING SOAP," to be as follows:―
I employ two plates of metal or wood forming two sides of a box placed at
the required distance apart, and used as a gauge. Between the said sides of the
box a wire or knife is placed horizontally, so that when the said box is moved
along the surface of the soap it gauges and cuts at the same time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTE ACTIONS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles James Coxhead at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
April 1862.
I, CHARLES JAMES COXHEAD, of No. 10, Emeis Terrace, Kentish Town, in
the County of Middlesex, late of Castle Street, Shrewsbury, in the County of
Salop, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PIANOFORTE ACTIONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in pianoforte actions,
whereby great power and stability is attained by a simple arrangement.
The flys or hoppers are attached to the hammer butts, and work in a
downward or inverted form; they are met on the keys by blocks with notches
and hollows in them clothed in the usual way; the ends of the flys or hoppers
work off the notches into the hollows in the act of percussion; the hammers
and flyers or hoppers are made to return to their places after percussion, by
means of one spring attached to each hammer and fly (conical, spiral, or
otherwise, to be used either back or front,) which acts on both, one end on the
hammer butt and the other end on the fly or hopper, thereby obviating the
necessity of any more springs or tapes to make the hammers return after per-
cussion; the hammers escape from the strings by means of arms that project
from the flys or hoppers, and are regulated by escapement buttons screwing
on to the arms or on to the rail above which the arms strike against; the
hammers are checked by means of checks fixed in the notch blocks on the

page_text: keys and pass by the escapement arms and meet the stops that project from
the hammer butts, the ends of the flys or hoppers at the same time stopping
in the hollows below and are hindered from going too far back by a piece of
felt or other springy substance which is placed betwen the hammer rail and
flys or hoppers, thereby securing a firm check and prompt repetition.
The dampers consist of wires bent in the form of quadrants, and have the
damper heads attached to one end to meet the strings; the quadrant wires
then pass through a socket and work on the front ends of the damper levers
which act on centres, straight wires are attached to the back ends of the levers
and pass through another socket at the back of the hammer rail and meet the
ends of the keys, and are regulated by buttons screwing on to the wires or
keys; weights or springs attached to the wires cause the dampers to press
against the strings when the fingers are removed from the keys.