IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
LIDDELL, of Abingdon Street, in the City of Westminster, Esquire, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eleventh day of
November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the Sixteenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Charles Liddell, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Charles
Liddell, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Liddell, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and the Islands of
Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and all Her Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad (excepting Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick,
and Prince Edward's Island), the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC
TELEGRAPHS" (communicated to me by a Foreigner residing abroad); in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Charles
Liddell, shall cause a particular description of the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what inanner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in

page_text: writing under my band and seal, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Liddell, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the present Specification thereof, referénce being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
The said Invention consists of an improved mode of constructing and
applying apparatus or instruments commonly called "insulators," for the
purpose of obtaining more perfect insulation of election telegraph wires when
suspended in the air than is secured by any of the forms or arrangements
of insulating apparatus now commonly in use. The improved insulator
consists of three principal parts, first, an iron bar or bolt, by which the
insulator is held to its support; second, a small quantity of lead or other
metal or material that will not readily crush or wear loose; and third, a metal
hood, enamelled inside by any of the commonly practised processes of enamelling
metals, or coated inside with any suitable insulating material. The method in
which these several parts are combined and arranged is exhibited in Figures
1 and 2 of the Drawings annexed, which represent respectively a sectional
elevation and plan of an insulator constructed and applied according to the
Invention. A is an upright or support of wrought-iron piping, protected on its
exterior by a coating of paint, enaniel, or other suitable composition. B is a
plug of wood or other non-conducting substance, which is fitted tightly into
the top of the support A. C is a wrought-iron bar or bolt, which is firmly
fixed in the plug B, and projects to a sufficient distance above the support A
to enable the hood of the insulator to be supported on it, as shewn; the upper
or projecting portion of the bar C is protected by a coating of enamel or other
insulating material. D is a hood of cast iron or other suitable metal, which is
coated on the interior with enamel or other insulating material, and supported
on the bar C, being attached thereto by having lead or other metal or cement
run in or filled in between them, as shewn at a, a. d, d, are lugs or projections
cast on the exterior of the hood D, which are so arranged. as to secure the
main wire E in its proper position, and prevent any tendency to draw the wire,
being laid in a circular recess between the lugs, as seen in the Plan Figure 2.
Figures 3 and 4 are an elevation and plan of part of a wooden post or
support, shewing three insulators attached thereto, each with its separate wire.
The manner in which the hoods D are attached to their sustaining bar C is tho

page_text: same as that before described, and the mode in which these bars are fixed is
clearly shewn in the Drawings. Instead of this arrangement, however, the
sustaining bar might be made with branches, and the insulators attached
thereto in any required number, and the same plan might be adopted where
the supporting post is of iron piping, as first described.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the peculiar
construction of insulator for electric telegraph suspended wires, as represented
in the Drawings and herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Liddell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eleventh day of May, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-three.