IMPROVEMENTS IN Apparatus or APPLIANCES FOR CLEANING Pipes for Smoking
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Horatio Nelson Hornby, of the Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Apparatus or APPLIANCES FOR CLEANING Pipes for Smoking.”
Apparatus or APPLIANCES FOR CLEANING PIPES FOR SMOKING.”
-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Horatio Nelson Hornby
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th May 1875.
I, HORATIO NELSON HORNBY, of the Strand, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OF APPLIANCES FOR CLEANING PIPES FOR SMOKING,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to afford a ready and efficient means
whereby pipes for smoking tobacco may be cleaned of the nicotine and
other deleterious matters that collect in the tubes and bowls thereof.
The Invention is applicable to all kinds of tobacco smoking pipes.

page_text: The Invention consists in the employment of an apparatus or appliance
of any convenient form or shape, and made of such a size as to be
capable of being placed on or in the bowl of the pipe.
The apparatus or appliance is preferably made of a conical shape, and
is hollow with or without a suitable mouth-piece fitted or attached to 5
that end opposite to the end which fits over or in the bowl. The
appliance may be made of any suitable material, such as india-rubber,
gutta percha, wood, meershaum, metal, bone, horn, or other material.
It may be bell shaped, conical, round, or other shape, as desired, and.
may be formed with or without a flange for adjusting its application to 1
the pipe to be cleaned. Sometimes I make the apparatus telescopic, so
that it may shut up, and thus occupy little space in the pocket.
.
To use the apparatus or appliance I place the large end thereof in or
on the bowl of the pipe to be cloaned. I apply the mouth to the opposite
end thereof, and blow through the apparatus, whereby the nicotine or 1
other deleterious mattor is quickly blown through the stem of the pipe,
and escapes at the opposite end thereof.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Horatio Nelson Hornby in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th November 1875.
TO. ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HORATIO
NELSON HORNBY, of the Strand, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Horatio Nelson Hornby, Her special
licence that I, the said Horatio Nelson Hornby, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Horatio Nelson
Hornby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: Figure 3 shows an apparatus of the form shown at Figures 1 and 2
applied to a pipe when used for cleaning same.
Figure 4 shows another form of apparatus.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 show some other forms applied to pipes, in
order to illustrate that the apparatus may be made of various shapes;
for example, it may be round, bell shaped, conical, or other shape, as
fancy or practise may choose, but from the experiments which I have
made I give the preference to the conical shape particularly as illustrated
at Figures 1, 2, and 3. * *
The material of which the apparatus is made are varied. I have found
india-rubber or a composition thereof to be the preferable material of
which to make that portion of the apparatus which is intended to be
placed in the bowl of the pipe, because it adjusts itself with such facility
to the inequalities of the surface, and produces a tighter joint than other
material with which I have experimented for this purpose. I will now
give descriptions of several forms of plugs which I have found to
answer.
Figures 10 and 11 show an apparatus where I make the plug proper
or outer surface a thereof of india-rubber, while the inner portion 6 is of
glass, porcelain, earthenware, or other suitable material, and made in a a
piece with the mouth-piece c. I have found this form of apparatus to
answer well, for while the india-rubber possesses sufficient flexibility for
ready adjustment to the bowl of the pipe the glass is clean for the
mouth, and is easily cleaned of nicotine or other deleterious substance
that might become attached thereto. I prefer to flatten the end of 2
the mouth-piece, as shown, that it may be held comfortably between
the lips.
Figures 12 and 13 show another apparatus, where I make the plug
proper or outer surface a of india-rubber on a block of cork d, with
the mouth-piece c, flange b, and tube e of wood, ivory, bone, horn, 3
German silver, vulcanite, ebonite, amber, metal, or other material
suitable for the purpose. Sometimes I dispense with the india-rubber,
in which case I prefer to make the plug of cork on a wood base. Such
an apparatus is illustrated at Figures 14 and 15.
The apparatus before described are operated by blowing with the 3
mouth through the mouth-piece, but I will now describe an apparatus
which is operated by the hand only.

page_text: This apparatus is illustrated in side elevation and vertical section at
Figures 16 and 17. a is the conical shaped piece for insertion in the
pipe; this piece is made in a piece with or connected to a vessel 6 of
pear or other convenient shape, provided with an aperture e at top; dis
a valve inside the piece a, the spindle of which is guided in a tube f,
or the valve may be worked in other equivalent ways. In its normal
position the vessel b is full of air, which is admitted through aperture c,
and on closing the aperture c by placing the thumb or finger on the said
aperture, and compressing the vessel the air contained therein is
driven out through the aperture in centre of cone
This apparatus is illustrated in side elevation and vertical section at
Figures 16 and 17. a is the conical shaped piece for insertion in the
pipe; this piece is made in a piece with or connected to a vessel 6 of
pear or other convenient shape, provided with an aperture c at top; dis
a valve inside the piece a, the spindle of which is guided in a tube f,
or the valve may be worked in other equivalent ways. In its normal
position the vessel 6 is full of air, which is admitted through aperture c,
and on closing the aperture e by placing the thumb or finger on the said
aperture, and compressing the vessel the air contained therein is
driven out through the aperture in centre of cone a.
Figure 18 shows the apparatus in action as it appears when operated
by the mouth; and Figure 19 is a view of the apparatus operated by
the hand.
To use either of the above apparatus I place the conical portion
thereof in or on the bowl of the pipe to be cleaned, some ignited tobacco
being left in the bottom of the bowl; then when I use the apparatus
shown at Figure 18 I apply the mouth to the mouth-piece, as shown,
and blow strongly through the same, whereby the nicotine or other
deleterious matter is quickly blown through the stem, and escapes by the
mouth-piece of the pipe. In the other apparatus, shown at Figure 19, a
similar effect takes place, only the action is produced by the hand instead
of by the mouth. It is through the smoke and air being blown sharply
through the tube that the nicotine and other matters are caused to be so
quickly and readily removed.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself
to the precise forms or shapes herein-before described and shown for
making apparatus according to my Invention, as the same may be varied
to suit the taste of users without departing from my Invention; but I
claim,―
First. The construction and employment of apparatus or appliances
for cleaning pipes for smoking, consisting of a piece to be placed in or
over the bowl leading to and in a piece with or in connection with or
fastened to another piece acting as a mouth-piece, all substantially in
manner described and illustrated with reference to Figures from 1 to 15,
both inclusive, of the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Second. The apparatus or appliance constructed and acting substan-
tially in manner and for the purposes described with reference to Figures
16 & 17 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Horatio Nelson Hornby, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of November, in
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the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.