IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES OR COCKS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Joseph Peet, of Leeds, in the County
of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES OR COCKS."
Sealed the 15th June 1869, and dated the 4th January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Joseph Pert
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 4th January 1869.
I, SAMUEL JOSEPH PEET, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES OR
Cocks," to be as follows:
In some descriptions of valves as now constructed a sliding valve is
employed which can either by means of a screw or otherwise be slid into
a position to close the passage through a pipe, or can be slid up into a
chamber so as to leave the passage through the pipe open. Now accord-
ing to this Invention the slidin; portion of such valves is divided longi-
tudinally into two parts, which when the valve is closed are pressed

page_text: apart from one another and against their seats, but when the valve is
to be opened the two parts are drawn towards one another and away
from their seats, and the slide scan then very readily and with very little
friction be drawn up into the chamber. To thus force the two parts
away from one another when the valve is closed a wedge is employed
which is formed with a stem passing up through a stuffing box in the
top of the chamber. The stem of the wedge has a screw thread cut upon
it either to work into corresponding portions of threads cut in the two
halves of the slides, or the screw of the stem may work into a thread cut
around the sides of a hole formed through the wedge itself, in either
case the wedge may be forced down between the parts of the slides by
turning the stem. The stuffing box through which the stem is carried
up may be formed both to allow the stem to turn freely and also to slide
endwise to and fro to raise and lower the slide, and the stem at its upper
end has a wheel or handle fixed to it by which these movements may be
given to it, or when the screw thread on the stem works into a screw
thread in the wedge the screw thread of the stem may be employed both
to raise the slide and also to force the wedge downwards after that the
slide has closed the passage through the valve, so that the valve is both
opened and closed by turning the screw stem as is usual. Knuckle-
jointed levers or other arrangements may be employed to force apart the
divisions of the slide in place of the wedge above mentioned. The
divisions of the slide may be made semi circular in section, and in this
case I prefer to cover the two parts with a cap of vulcanized india-
rubber which has a projecting bead or flange formed around its interior
to enter a corresponding groove formed around the two parts of the slide,
and the cap of vulcanized india-rubber is thus held in position, or each
division of the slide may be formed with a flat face to work against a
corresponding seat.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Joseph Peet, Her special
licence that I, the said Samuel Joseph Peet, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Joseph Peet,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVE OR Cooks," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Samuel Joseph Peet, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Joseph Peet, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :--
In some descriptions of valves as now constructed a sliding valve is
employed which can either by means of a screw or otherwise be slid
into a position to close the passage through a pipe or can be slid up
into a chamber so as to leave the passage through the pipe open.
Now according to this Invention the sliding portion of such valve is
divided longitudinally into two parts, which when the valve is closed
are pressed apart from one another and against their seats, but when
the valve is to be opened the two parts are drawn towards one another
and away from their seats, and the slides can then very readily and
with very little friction be drawn up into the chamber. To thus force
the two parts away from one another when the valve is closed a wedge
is employed which is formed with a stem passing up through a stuffing
box in the top of the chamber. The stem of the wedge has a screw

page_text: through it to receive the stem 6 on which it works as a nut; d, d, are
the two parts of the divided valve, when in their places they enclose
between them the wedge or cone c. They are able to move up and
down in guides a formed in the shell, and these guides taper slightly
so that when the valve is opposite its faces its two parts may be free
to be moved outwards a short distance the one from the other sufficient
to cause them to press firmly againts their faces. The wedge or cone c
has wings upon it which are received between the two parts of the
valve d, and so the wedge or cone is prevented turning with the screw
stem b.
The action then is as follows: When the hand wheel is turned
to open the valve or cock it first raises the wedge or cone c a short
distance, releasing its pressure againts the parts of the valve d, then
the shoulder at the top of the cone comes against the end of the recess
in the valve in which the wedge or cone works, and then the valve
and the wedge rise together until the water or fluid way is left clear.
In closing the valve or cock the parts of the valve descend down
their guides a' as the cone or wedge is lowered by the screw until
they come to the end of their course opposite the faces a³, and then
the further descent of the wedge or cone forces the two parts of the
valve apart until they bear firmly against the faces. The box at a**
may be packed with a hempen packing, or it may contain a coiled
spring pressing the collar 6' into fluid-tight contact with the bottom
of the box.
Figure 2 is a plan of the valve or cock above described with the cap a³
and the screw stem b removed.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of another valve or cock in which
the wedge or cone c is formed upon the end of the screw stem b, the
screw of which works with a thread cut in the parts of the valve d.
Figure 4 is a back view of one part of the valve d. The screw thread
is shewn at d' and the incline on which the wedge or cone acts at d¹.
In this arrangement the screw acts only to move the wedge or cone
within the recess between the parts of the valve. The valve is caused
to slide into and from the water or fluid way by moving the stem b
by hand longitudinally through the stuffing box, there being in the
arrangement no collar 6' upon the stem,

page_text: Figure 5 is a vertical section of an arrangement in which the stem b
acts to force the parts of the valve d against the seats by means of
wedges or inclines at its end so formed as to operate by the partial
rotation of the stem.
Figure 6 is an end view of the stem clearly showing the inclines
at its end. When it is desired to allow the water or fluid to pass the
stem is first turned partly round by means of the hand wheel upon
it so as to allow the two parts of the valve d to leave the seats, and
then the stem is drawn upwards or moved longitudinally through the
stuffing box, and the valve is in this manner removed from the water
or fluid way into the recess or cavity in the shell formed for its reception;
similarly the water way is closed by thrusting the stem downwards
and then partially turning it so as to force the parts of the valve
firmly against the faces
Figure 7 is a vertical section of another arrangement in which the
valve faces in place of being flat are openings in the sides of a
cylindrical hole or passage. The two parts of the valve d are made of
corresponding form and are prevented turning with the stem b by
wings at their upper ends entering guide grooves in the shell a as
before they are forced apart by a wedge or cone c at the end of the
stem bas in the arrangement shown at Figure 3, and are also moved
into and from the water or fluid way in the manner described in
respect to this Figure. The parts of the valve in the case do not
come directly in contact with the seats, but a tubular packing of
vulcanized india-rubber c* is sprung over them; it is kept in its place
by a ridge on its interior entering a corresponding groove in the parts
of the valve. The elasticity of the india-rubber allows it to yield
to the separation of the parts of the valve within it, and it is in this
way firmly pressed against the seats. The metal surfaces which come
into contact with the india-rubber should be tinned.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention I would
have it understood that what I claim is, the constructing valves or cocks
with a sliding valve divided longitudinally into two parts which when
the valve is brought opposite to the seats are pressed apart from one
another and against their seats as above described.

page_text: I also claim the constructing valves or cocks substantially as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Joseph Peet, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.