AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND AP- PARATUS FOR UTILIZING FUEL FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Gurney Kelley Burt, of Lec, in the County of Kent,
Doctor of Medicine, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND AP-
PARATUS FOR UTILIZING FUEL FOR HEATING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 21st October 1876, and dated the 15th June 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Gurney Kelley Burt-at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th Juno 1876.
JOHN GURNEY KELLEY BURT, of Lee, in the County of Kent, Doctor of Medicine.
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING FUEL FOR HEATING
PURPOSES."
This Invention has for its object an improved mode of and apparatus for utilizing
fuel for heating purposes. For this purpose I cause the products of combustion
from an ordinary fire to pass through or amongst and between fragments or pieces
of semi or partially combustible matter placed according to my Invention in a
suitable receptacle so arranged in relation to the main grate or fireplace, the inlet
to the chimney, and the opening into the room or apartinent to be warmed as that
the draught or currents of air flowing towards the chimney shall carry the products
of combustion from the main fireplace to and cause the same to pass through or
amongst and between the fragments or pieces of semi or partially combustiblo
matter, in such manner as to cause the same to become heated and incandescent,
to absorb and consume the flame and smoke from the original fire, and to radiato
into the room or apartment a considerable quantity of heat, which in fireplaces
constructed and used in the ordinary way would pass away unutilized.
In carrying out my Invention I use a combination of two grates or fireplaces,
namely, an outer and lower or main fireplace, in which an ordinary coal or other
fire is maintained, and an inner and higher or supplementary grate or fireplace
charged with semi-combustible matter, preferring fragments of iron or other metal,
together with a backing of chalk, limestone, or other similar substance. The front
portion of the supplementary or upper grate or fireplace is somewhat to the rear of
the front of the lower or main fireplace, and the opening or openings into the
chimney is or are arranged above and to the rear of the upper or supplementary
grate or fireplace, so that the fragments or pieces of semi or partially combustiblc
matter shall occupy an intermediate position in the direct line or course of the
draught between the lower or main grate or fireplace and the chimney. In some
cases more than one supplementary grate may be used. The amount of draught
Price 6d1

page_text: may be regulated in different ways. One way is to construct what is known as
the "register" of bars on the principle of a Venetian blind; another consists in the
application of a sort of moveable gridiron behind the bars so arranged as to lessen
the draught at pleasure, and in some cases I also place a box or flue at the rear of
the "register" or "gridiron," but other arrangements may be used. The grates or
fireplaces may be constructed of various shapes, and the bars of the outer grate
may be ornamental. I prefer to construct the body of the stove of horse-shoe or
similar shape, so as to radiate a larger amount of heat into the room, and in some
cases I cast the mantleshelf in one piece with the body of the stove.
My Invention may be applied to existing grates and fireplaces of various
constructions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Gurney Kelley Burt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
December 1876.
JOHN GURNEY KELLEY BURT, of Lee, in the County of Kent, Doctor of Medicine.
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING FUEL FOR HEATING
PURPOSES."
This Invention has for its object an improved mode of and apparatus for
utilizing fuel for heating purposes. For this purpose I cause the products of
combustion from an ordinary fire to pass through or amongst and between fragments
or pieces of semi or partially combustible matter, placed according to my Invention
in à suitable receptacle so arranged in relation to the main grate or fireplace, the
inlet to the chimney, and the opening into the room or apartment to be warmed as
that the draught or currents of air flowing towards the chimney shall carry the
products of combustion from the main fireplace to and cause the same to pass
through or amongst and between the fragments or pieces of semi or partially
combustible matter in such manner as to cause the same to become heated and
incandescent to absorb and consume the flame and smoke from the original fire,
and to radiate into the room or apartment a considerable quantity of heat, which
in fireplaces constructed and used in the ordinary way would pass away unutilized.
In carrying out my Invention I use a combination of two grates or fireplaces,
namely, an outer and lower or main fireplace, in which an ordinary coal or other
tire is maintained, and an inner and higher or supplementary grate or fire-place
charged with semi-combustible matter, preferring fragments of iron or other metal,
together with a backing of chalk, limestone, or other similar substance. The front
portion of the supplementary or upper grate or fireplace is somewhat to the rear
of the front of the lower or main fireplace, and the opening or openings into the
chimney is or are arranged above and to the rear of the upper or supplementary
grate or fireplace, so that the fragments or pieces of seni or partially combustible
matter shall occupy an intermediate position in the direct line or course of the
draught between the lower or main grate or fireplace and the chimney. In some
cases more than one supplementary grate may be used. The amount of draught
may be regulated in different ways. One way is to construct what is known as the
register" of bars on the principle of a Venetian blind, another consists in the
application of a sort of moveable gridiron behind the bars, so arranged as to lessen
the draught at pleasure, and in some cases I also place a box or flue at the rear of
the register or gridiron, but other arrangements may be used. The grates or
fireplaces may be constructed of various shapes, and the bars of the outer grate
may be ornamental. I prefer to construct the body of the stove of horse-shoe or
similar shape, so as to radiate a larger amount of heat into the room, and in some
cases I cast the mantleshelf in one piece with the body of the stove.
«
My Invention may be applied to existing grates and fireplaces of various
constructions.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a stove according to my Invention; Fig. 2 is a
transverse vertical section thereof.
a is the main body of the stove, which is cast in the usual way, preferably of
horse-shoe shape, as shewn; b, is the outer or main fireplace or grate, in which
an ordinary coal or other fire is maintained; c is the inner or supplementary fire-
place or grate charged with semi-combustible matter, preferring fragments of iron
or other metal, together with a backing of chalk, limestone, or other similar
substance. The grate c being placed as shewn higher than the grate b, the products
of combustion from the outer grate b are compelled to pass through the inner
grate c and the semi or partially combustible matter it contains on their way to
the chimney or flue. In the arrangement under notice I have shewn the inner
grate as being formed with vertically arranged curved bars, and this plan may be
advantageously used in small or shallow fireplaces. d is the " register" for
closing the opening from the fireplace to the chimney or flue. It works on a hinge
or hinges e in the ordinary way to allow of access to the chimney for cleaning, et
ccetera. This register d is pierced with slots or openings f, and is fitted with a
sort of moveable gridiron or slotted false back g sliding in a groove gl. The slots
or openings in the back g are similar to those in the register d. The back
operated by a knob or handle h screwed or otherwise fastened to a pin passing
through a hole in the back g and working in a horizontal slot in the register, as
shewn. In Fig. 1 the false back g is shewn with its solid parts drawn partially
over the openings f of the register by moving the knob h to the right or left the
amount of draught may be respectively increased or lessened as desired, and when
the back is properly fitted it may be made to close the aperture entirely, and so
prevent the unpleasantness of down draught when there is no fire in the grate.
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of a modified arrangement; Fig. 4 is a
plan, and Fig. 5 is a front view of the arrangement of register shewn in section in
Fig. 3.
is
a is the main body of the stove, b the outer or lower grate, and c the inner or
supplementary grate. The shape of the main body of the stove is the same as in
Figs. 1 and 2, except at the chimney aperture, where it is flattened to meet the
requirements of the modified regulator, but in this arrangement, which is more
especially adapted for fireplaces of comparatively large size, the inner grate c is of
the same shape as the outer one b, although the position of the two grates in their
relation to one another and to the chimney aperture are the same. The register
in this case somewhat resembles a Venetian blind. In a frame are fitted a number
of flat bars or narrow plates f, pivotted to the frame at f¹, and connected together
at the rear by a bar or plate g, to which each of the plates f is pivotted or jointed;
one of these bars or plates f (by preference the centre one) is formed with a pro-
jection (see Fig. 5), by which it may be partially rotated on its axis, and through
the connecting bar g the other plates f will be caused to move in unison, so that in
this way the whole may be more or less opened or closed at will by a single operation,
to increase or lessen the amount of draught. g² is a box or flue placed at the rear
of the register d, and secured by a flange h to the main body of the stove. The
object of this box or flue is to increase the draught immediately behind the register,
and to obviate the defects of bad or imperfect "setting."
The grates of my improved stove may be cast in one with the main body, or may
be fastened thereto by screws, or in any other suitable manner, as will be readily
understood.
In some cases where very large fireplaces are used, or where it is required to
keep a large fire continually burning, it will be found convenient to construct the
stove with three grates, the outer one to contain the ordinary fire, the second or inter-
mediate one to be filled with the fragments of iron or other metal, and the third or
innermost grate to contain the chalk, limestone, or other similar substance. By

page_text: this arrangement the renewal of either of the semi-combustible materials is rendered
possible without disturbing their relative positions.
The arrangements for regulating the draught may be obviously modified in various
ways, but I prefer to use one of the two arrangements shewn, as being cheap, simple
in construction, and effective.
The portion of the main body of the stove immediately to the rear of the grates
may be made of fire-clay or analogous material, and in some instances the mantel-
shelf may be cast in one piece with the stove, but these modifications are well known
and I do not claim them.
In applying my Invention to existing grates and fireplaces, I construct the inner
grate of suitable size and shape, and in such manner that it can be readily secured
to the main body, and I replace the existing "register" by one of my improved
registers.
Having described the nature of my said Invention, and explained the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect, I desire to have it understood that I do not
intend to claim per se the use of semi or partially combustible matter in a fireplace,
nor do I claim any parts of the apparatus herein-before shewn and described when
taken separately and apart from the combination or application thereof in manner
and for the purposes herein described, but what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is-
The method, substantially as herein-before described, with reference to the
accompanying Drawings, of utilizing fuel for heating purposes by the use of
'fragments or pieces of semi or partially combustible matter.
I also claim the combinations of parts constituting the improved stoves constructed,
arranged, and operating as respectively shewn in and described with reference to
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings, and to Figs. 3, 4, and 5 of the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Gurney Kelley Burt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
J. G. K. BURT. (L.S.)