Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 12th Oct.. 138;
Complete Specification Accepted, 16th Nov.. 1888
I, WILLIAM HAMILTON WHITE of Unett Street, Hockley, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Collar stud Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to collar, and other dress studs, consisting of a rotating or
gyratory stem, commonly known as the "Alldridge" or Universal stud."
"
My said invention, has reference to studs, provided with bone, ivory, pearl, or other
non-metallic backs.
The stem at its inner end, is usually connected loosely, to the front of the back part,
by a metal shell, let into its middle, and through a hole or piercing in the middle of
which, the stem outwardly passes.
By my invention, no metal is employed in the formation of the said back part.
In carrying out my improvements. I make the back, box like, or hollow, with a
piercing in the front, through which the stem as hereinafter described, passes.
The hollow in the back part, is made, by first drilling or sinking the middle of the
front, to a suitable depth, and then hollowing out the middle, by a hook-ended
tool.
The stem consists of a strip of metal or wire, doubled flat and longitudinally upon
itself, and with the inner end of the stem made into a T or cross head, whilst the
outer end (of the doubled wire) is passed through a middle hole in a plate or sheil,
which forms the underside of the head of the stud; and surrounding this stem, is a
tube, which extends from the inner to the outer end of the inside stein as
aforesaid.
In making up a stud, the T inner end of the inner stem, is first passed hook-
wise, into the hollow of the back part, then placed vertically, with the tubular steni
surrounding it. The outer ends are then passed through a piercing, or piercings in
the head plate, and then clenched or riveted; this done, the dome head is then closed
around the underside plate as aforesaid.

page_text: Within the hollow stem, and on the two opposite sides of the inner stem, supple-
mentary filling in pieces are placed.
The strip or wire constituting the inner stem, may be folded longitudinally upon
itself, to the internal diameter of the outer cylindrical stem, and with the ends of the
strip or wire, turned outwardly, so as to form the double hook connection, or head,
which passes and works within the hollow of the back part.
The middle of the inner stem is provided with a filling in piece, but leaving the
upper part open, so as to form a loop, through which a pin passes, in securing the
inner stem to the top side of the plate, which comes upon the underside of the head as
aforesaid.
My invention is particularly applicable to solitaires, having bone, ivory, vulcanite
and other non-metallic backs.

page_text: Improvements in Collar and other Dress Studs.
I, WILLIAM HAMILTON WHITE of Unett Street Hockley, Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Collar-stud Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to collar, and other dress studs, consisting of a rotating or
gyratory stem, commonly known as the "Alldridge" or "Universal" stud.
My said invention, has reference to studs, provided with bone, ivory, pearl, or, other
non-metallic backs.
The stem at its inner end is usually connected loosely to the front of the back part
by a metal shaft let into its middle, and through a hole or piercing in the middle of
which, the stem outwardly passes.
By my invention, no metal is employed in the formation of the said back part.
In carrying out my improvements, I make the back, box like, or hollow, with a
piercing in the front, through which the stem as hereinafter described, passes.
The hollow in the back part is made, by first drilling or sinking the middle of
the front, to a suitable depth, and then hollowing out the middle, by a hook-ended
tool.
The stem consists of a strip of metal or wire, doubled flat and longitudinally upon
itself, and with the inner end of the stem made into a T or cross-head, whilst the
outer end (of the double wire) is passed through a middle hole in a plate or shell
which forms the underside of the head of the stud; and surrounding this stem, is
a tube, which extends from the inner to the outer end of the inside stem as
aforesaid.
In making up a stud, the T inner end of the inner stem, is first passed hook-wise,
into the hollow of the back part, then placed vertically, with the tubular stem sur-
rounding it. The outer ends are then passed through a piercing, or piercings in the
head plate, and then clenched or riveted; this done, the dome head is then closed
around the underside plate as aforesaid.
Within the hollow stem, and on the two opposite sides of the inner stem, supple-
mentary filling in pieces are placed.
The strip or wire constituting the inner stem may be folded longitudinally upon
itself, to the internal diameter of the outer cylindrical stem; and with the ends of the
strip or wire, turned outwardly so as to form the double hook connection, or head
which passes and works within the hollow of the back part.
The middle of the inner stem is provided with a filling in piece; but leaving the
upper part open, so to form a loop, through which a pin passes, in securing the inner
stem to the top side of the plate, which comes upon the underside of the head as
aforesaid.
My invention is particularly applicable to solitaires, having bone, ivory, vulcanite
and other non-metallic backs.

page_text: Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, represents in vertical section, a revolving
necked collar or dress stud, made according to my invention. Figure 2 is a transverse
section of the same, upon the dotted lines A B, while figure 3 is a vertical section of
the said stud, but taken at right angles to that of figure 1. Figure 4 is a top side
plan of the back, and figure 5 is a vertical section of a modification. Figure 6 is a
horizontal section of figure 5, on the dotted lines CD.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
a is the back part, and b is the front part of the stud. The back part a is formed or
provided with an undercut recess or hollow part a', wherein the T end or cross head c²,
of an inner stem c, works.
Surrounding the said inner stem c, is an outer tubular stem d, whose lower end
rests upon the top side of the cross head c², and works loosely within the opening a³,
to the hollow undercut recess a².
e is the head plate, through piercings in the middle of which, the upper end of the
inner stem, passes, and with the terminals e³, thereof, folded flat upon its top side.
The underside of the said head plate, rests upon the top of the outer tubular stem d,
by which means, the connection and affixing of the parts are made.
The front part, consists of a shell, with the boundary edges turned over the edges
of the head plate.
It will be understood, that the inner stem c, is made from strip metal or wire, folded
upon itself, as in manner shown.
C
b
In the modification as represented in figure 5, a is the back part, the front part,
a² is an undercut recess with entrance a³, the inner stem, and c² is the cross head,
foot or inner end, working within the undercut recess a², e1 is a filling-in piece,
(inserted laterally) and when in position, retains the hook ended base c², within the
recess in the back as aforesaid. d is an outer cylindrical stem, surrounding the inner
stem. e is a head plate, threaded over the upper end of the inner stem, and resting
upon the top of the outer stem, and is affixed in position by a cross pin /
The head plate is covered by the front shell 6, whose outer edges are turned over
those of the former.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First A revolving stemmed collar or dress stud, making the inner expanded end,
or the connection bulbous end, work within an undercut recess, made out of the solid
of the hack, substantially as set forth.
Secondly-A revolving or loose stemmed collar, or dress stud, making up the
stem of two parts, viz.:-an inner part c, c², c³, and an outer part d, substantially as
set forth.
:-
Thirdly A revolving or loose stemmed collar or dress-stud, consisting of an
under cut recessed back a, inner and outer stems c, c², 3, d, and front or head, e,
constructed and arranged, substantially as set forth.
:-
Lastly A revolving stemmed collar, or dress stud, made up, arranged and put
together, substantially as described and set forth in figures 5 and 6.
Dated this Tenth day of October 1888.