Improvements in Forming and Attaching Steam Turbine Blades.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Forming and Attaching Steam Turbine Blades.
I, The Honorable CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, of Heaton Works,
Newcastle-on-Tyne in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
My invention relates to forming and fastening steam turbine blades in position
upon the cylindrical or disc surfaces upon which they are placed.
My invention is to produce economical blades and a secure fastening easily
applied.
My invention consists in preparing blades of any convenient metal or alloy and
of any desired section by rolling or drawing in strips, cutting up these strips in
lengths suitable for blades and fastening those blades by means of inserted distance
pieces which are inserted and staved or canlked up to fill a groove containing the
bottom of each blade and the filling up pieces.
The distance pieces are preferably cut off a strip.
In carrying my invention into effect I cut up the strips of blade section into
blades which are thus of uniform cross section from end to end; I form distance
pieces to fit the grooves.
The bottom of the blades I sometimes roughen or serrate and the sides of the
distance pieces I also serrate or roughen. After placing all the blade ends and the
distance pieces in the circular groove I caulk or stave up the distance pieces and
thus securely fasten the blades in position. The grooves may be undercut or
formed with corrugations or ridges to increase the holding power. When I use
this method of fastening my blades within the interior cylindrical surface of my
steam turbine, I arrange at the edges where the cylinder is divided into semi-
oylinders a series of strong keys or keyed pieces or blades to take the side thrust
of the distance pieces when caulked or staved up. By my new method of constructing
and fastening blades I obtain great strength of blade, great hold or security in the
disc or cylinder and ease and rapidity of manufacture.
Sometimes I dispense with distance pieces by preparing my blades by stamping,
so stamping them as to form on each, an expanded foot which foot serves as the
caulking piece, although a small distance pieco may also be inserted.
When the blades are long I form the blades with a notch or cut or hole at the
end of each and pass through such a holo or notch a circular ring which connects
all the ends together and so strengthens them.
They may be brazed together.
My invention is applicable to any steam turbine.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Forming and Attaching Steam Turbine Blades.
I, The Honorable CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, of Heaton Works,
Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to forming and fastening steam turbine blades in position
upon the cylindrical or disc or conical surfaces upon which they are placed.
My invention is intended to produce economical blades and a secure fastening
easily applied.
My invention consists in preparing blades of any convenient metal or alloy and
of any desired section by rolling or drawing in strips, cutting up these strips in
lengths suitable for blades and fastening those blades by meaus of inserted distanco
pieces which are inserted and staved or caulked up to fill a groove containing the
bottom of each blade and the filling up pieces.
The distance pieces are preferably cut off a strip.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings-
Figure shows in perspective elevation and in section a strip suitable for
blades.
Figure 2 shows in perspective elevation a blade cut off the strip with its lower
edge grooved or serrated."
Figuro 3 shows in perspective elevation and in section a strip suitable for
distance pieces.
Figure 4 shows in perspective elevation a distance piece cut off.
Figure 5 shows in sectional plan, plan aud in transverse section the blades placed
in position with their distance pieces caulked up.
Figure 8 shows a blade prepared by stamping with a thickened foot to dispense
with the distance piece.
Figure 7 shows in side clevation a ring passing through holes in the end of the
blades to tie them together.
Figure 8 shows such a ring in elevation and section, passing through notches at
the sides of the blades.
In carrying my invention into effect 1 cut up the strips (Figure 1) of blade
section into blades a (Figure 2) which are thus of uniform, cross section from end
to end: I form distance pieces (Figure 4) e also preferably from strips (Figure 3)
to fit the grooves.
The bottom of the blades I sometimes roughen or serrate as at 6 (Figure 2) and
the sides of the distance pieces I also sometimes serrate or roughen. After
placing or ramming all the blade ends and the distance pieces into the circular
groove caulk or stave up the distance pieces and thus securely fasten the blades
in position. The grooves may preferably be undercut as shown at b (Figure 5)
or formed with corrugations or ridges to increase the holding power.
When
I use this method of fastening my blades within the interior cylindrical surface
of my steam turbine, l'arrange at the edges where the cylinder is divided into
semi-oylinders a series of strong keyed pieces or blades to take the side thrust
of the distance pieces when caulked or staved up. By my new method of
constructing and fastening blades I obtain great strength of blade, great hold or
security in the disc or cylinder or cone and ease and rapidity of manufacture.
Sometimes I dispense with distauce pieces by preparing my blades by stamping,
20 stamping them as to form on each, an expanded foot d (Figure 6) which foot

page_text: serves as the caulking piece, although a small distance piece may also be
inserted.
When the blades are long I form the blades a with a notch on the sides as
at Figure 8 or sometimes on the tops and I pass a circular ring e through the
notches and so tie the blades together. Instead of a notch I may form holes in
the blades to carry a circular rod e as in Figure 7. ln either case I may braze or
colder the circular tie ring to the bludes.
At Figure 5 I clearly show in circular sectional plan, plan and in radial section
the blades a with their caulked up distance pieces b in position in a peripheral
groove in a cylinder.
My invention is applicable to any steam turbine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The manufacture and fastening of steam turbine blades and distance pieces.
substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
Dated this 21st dow of December 1906
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.