NEW INVENTION OF AND IMPROVEMENT IN AND UPON CARRIAGE AND OTHER WHEEL BOXES AND AXLETREES
Year: 1792

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, JOHN COLLINGE,
of Buxton Place, of the Parish of Saint Mary, Lambeth, in the County of
Surry, Wheel Box and Axletree Maker, sends greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventeenth day of July, in the thirty-second year of His
reign, did give and grant unto the said John Collinge, his exors,
adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that he, the said John Collinge, his exors, adiñors, and assigns,
should and lawfully might, during the term of fourteen years therein expressed,
make, use, exercise, and vend, throughout that part of His Majestie's Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, his "NEW INVENTION OF AND IMPROVEMENT IN AND UPON
CARRIAGE AND OTHER WHEEL BOXES AND AXLETREES;" in which said recited
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging the said John Collinge, by
writing under his hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the
nature of his said improved carriage and other wheel boxes and axletrees,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and cause the same to
be inrolled in His Majestie's High Court of Chancery within one calendar
month next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent
and the Statute in that behalf made, relation being thereunto had, may more
at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Collinge, in pursuance of and in
compliance with the said proviso in the said recited Letters Patent contained,
do hereby declare that my said Invention is composed and made in manner
following, that is to say:-
Figure 1, in the margin of these Presents, represents, in perspective, a
longitudinal section of the box; the space comprized between a, a, a, a, is a
cylindrical tube, at the extremities of which are female cones, b, b, and c, c; at
the verge of the cone b, b, is a reservoir for oil d, d, which resevoir is
inclosed by the partition o, o. The marginal recess e, c, on the outside of the
partition o, o, is formed to receive a leather washer, Figure 8, and the front
of axletree collar n, n, Figure 2. At the end of the cone c, c, is a female screw
f. f. for the reception of a corresponding male screw, f, f, of a reservior.
Figure 6. The part 8, 8, which projects from the verge of the cone b, b, is
intended to prevent the oil, when the wheel is in motion, from issuing too fast
from the reservoir d, d, toward the extremity of the arm.
Figure 2, in the margin of these Presents, represents the arm of the axletree,
in which the cylindrical parts a, a, a, a, and the conical part b, b, are exactly
fitted to the corresponding parts distinguished by the same letters in Figure 1.
'Behind the cone 6, 6, is a grove 7, 1; to conduct the oil to the bottom of the
reservoir d, d, Figure 1, when the wheel is revolving round it. The part n, n,
is an axletree collar, to the top of which the projecting rim p, p, is screwed
and pinned. In the front of the axletree collar n, n, and upon that part of
the arm m, m, a leather washer, Figure 8, is applied, to prevent the oil in
the reservior d, d, from issuing between the armi and the partition o, o, in
Figure 1. The reduced part of the axlotree, 9, 9, adjoining the cylinder
a. a, is formed to receive a piece of inetal described in Figure 3. The pro-
jecting screws, I and K. with reversed threads, are intended to receive the
two nuts, described in Figures 4 and 5. The reduction q. q, in the middle
of the cylindrical parts of axletree a, a, a, a, is made to take its bearing from
the middle of the box, as the box derives but little support from the nave in
that part.
Figure 3, in the margin of these Presents, is a circular picco of metal,
the internal part of which is, and must be so formed as to slide on but not
revolve on that part of the nxletree arm marked g. The external part
c, c. is formed to fit and receive the friction of the box in the part c, c,
Figure 1.
Figure 4, in the margin of these Presents, is a screw nutt, fitted to the axle-
tree in the part i. Figure 2.

page_text: Figure 5, in the margin. of these Presents, is another screw nutt, the thread
of which is the reversé of Figure 4. It is applied to the axletree at tho
part k, Figure 2.
Figure 6, in the margin of these Presents, represents, a cap.or. reservoir for
oil, the screwed part of which-ff, corresponds with the female screw in the
front of box ff, Figure 1; on the face of the margin, adjoining f,f, is a
rim of leather, to prevent the oil from issuing between the box and reservior,
when screwed together. The aperture ris intended for the admission of oil into
the reservoir, after it is screwed to its station, f, in Figure 1.
Figure 7, in the margin of these Presents, is a, male screw, to fill up the
aperture r, in Figure 6. Between the shoulder of the screw and the edge
of the aperture is a rim of leather, to secure the oil. The hole in the head
is made to receive a pin, to screw. or unscrew it.
Figure 8, in the margin of these Presents, is a leather washer, internally
fitted to the arm of axletree at m, m, Figure 2, and externally to fit the
recess e, e, Figure. 1..
Figure 9, in the margin of these Presents, is a longitudinal section of a
wheel nave, box, axletree, &c., in which the Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7," and
8, are described in their respective and united stations, and lettered corres-
pondently with the separate descriptions previously given.
:
The great excellence of this Invention consists in the superior principle of
its motional parts in conjunction with the provisions which are made for a
copious supply of oil, and a protection from; the access of dirt, viz': the
united action of the cylindrical parts a, a, a, a, and the conical parts b, b,
and c, c, being between the reserviors,. from which. they are supplied with oil;
and by the operation of Figure 3, which from its peculiar principle of con-
struction. in possessing a progressive without a rotative motion on the axletree
arm g, by means of which it is in the power of any person who has the care
of a carriage, to put on the wheels with such exactness that they may be
secured from any horizontal motion upon the arms, and that without any
necessity for lessening the freedom of their vertical motion, it being only
necessary that they should be screwed on so tight as to give the partition in
the box e, e, a moderate pressure against the leather washer, by which means
also the oil in the shoulder reservoir d, d, is prevented from escaping. The
front reservior, Figure 6, from its peculiar construction, in being screwed to
the inside of the box at f, f, has both its screws thereby protected from
injury, and by abutting against the end with its rim lined with leather, it
effectually secures the oil from issuing at that part, and the screws t, t, passing
through the rim into the nave, prevent its getting loose. On the collar of the

page_text: axletree n, n, is a projecting rim p, p, to cover the prominent part of box
beyond the wheel nave, and as an additional protection from wet and dirt.
The Figures and Drawings hereunto or hereunder will more fully show the
nature of this my said improved Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Collinge, have hereunto set my hand 5
and seal, this Seventeenth day of August, in the thirty-second year
of King George the Third, and in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and ninety-two.