↓ Improvements in Armature Winding for Dynamo-electric Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 4th Jan.,
Complete Specification Left, 4th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 16th Feb., 1889
1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
↓
Improvements in Armature Winding for Dynamo-electric Machines.
New-York,
I, WALTER HARRIS KNIGHT, Electrical Engineer, of 115 Broadway,
in the County and State of New-York, United States of America, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to a method of armature winding, especially adapted to armatures
of the cylindrical or drum type, by which several objectionable features in the present
modes of winding may be avoided.
In the present drum armature winding it is customary to do the winding by hand
and to have the layers at the ends pile up upon each other, so that when the armature
is worked to its full capacity there is a tendency to an accumulation of heat at that
point. These ends also permit an accumulation of dirt, which is apt to interfere with
the insulation.
My invention consists in making up the winding into a mat, which may be made by
machinery, and then applying the same to the ordinary cylindrical core of magnetic
material. This mat may be easily wrapped around the core, the binding straps put
around it, and connection made with the commutator. When in position, the wires
at the end of the armature are in the form of a hollow cylinder projecting beyond the
core, each wire coming out from the periphery of the armature and passing over to the
diametrically opposite point, not by a direct diametric path, as at present, but passing
around in a cylindrical surface or shell, so that all of the wires taken together make
up the hollow cylinder mentioned above.

page_text: My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein :
Figure 1 represents the mat or the wrapping in position on an armature. Figure 2
is the mat before being applied. Figure 3 is a plan of an individual coil. Figure 4
is an end elevation thereof. Figure 5 is a side elevation, and figure 6 is a detail
showing a corner of a coil.
In the manufacture of cach coil the first step is to wind up a sufficient number of
turns of wire into the form shown in figure 5. The distance from the point a to the
point is exactly one half the circumference of the core. This coil may be wound on
a former and the wires bound together in any suitable manner. A number of theso
coils are then laid upon one another, as shown in figure 2, and the whole made up into
a firm mass by proper insulating material. Thus formed, the mat or wrapper is
ready for application to the core. The distance on the mat from e to d is exactly the
circumference of the core. Such a mat is taken and simply wrapped about the
cylindrical core.
It is then bound down tightly by the straps B. We have then the ordinary Siemen's
winding with wires at the end extending beyond the core in the form of a hollow
cylinder. Each wire of the parallel transverse series as it comes from the periphery
passes out diagonally in a cylindrical surface or shell to the edge and then turns under
and passes back in a diagonal direction to a point diametrically opposite that at which
it left the core. The ends of the coils are left free, as shown in figure 2, and each pair
is then connected by a screw or other connector to. one of the radial arms of the
commutator. The winding is then complete. The advantages.of.this. arrangement
are at once apparent. The whole winding can be made up by machine in large
quantities as an article of manufacture and a mat can be applied to an armature core
in a short time by an ordinary workman. This avoids the present laborious method
of hand winding. An injured armature can be readily rewound by an inexperienced
person. The wires at the end are thoroughly ventilated and no chance for the lodg-
ment of dirt is afforded. It will be found also that there is always the minimum
difference of potential between adjacent wires, and the danger of burning out is much
lessened. Any individual coil can also be rewound without interfering with the rest,
by threading a wire through by hand.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said. inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1
1: The combination; with a cylindrical armature core, of a winding; therefor
having parallel peripheral wires; which at the end of the core are crossed .to: opposite
polar points in a surface concentric with the core, the wires having in said surface an
outward and an inward direction on the inside and outside of said surface, respectively,
and the winding having, commutator connections at successive points, by which
construction the end wires of the cylindrical arinature are exposed and ventilated!
2. The combination, with a cylindrical armature core of magnetic material, of a
closed circuit winding therefor having commutator connections at successive points
and its end wires crossed over between opposité polar points in an inward and outward
series, arranged to:form.a hollow extension from the periphery of the core concentric
.therewith.
3. The combination, with a cylindrical armature core of magnetic material," of a
winding therefor having, its end wires extended beyond the periphery of the core a
certain distance in an outside series and then turned back to opposite polar points in
a corresponding inside series, substantially as described, thereby forming an open
extension of wires from the end of the core concentric therewith.
4. As an article of manufacture, a mat or wrapper of insulated electrical
conductors forming the winding for a drum armature of a dynamo electric
machine.
5. A mat or wrapper. of wires for a drum armature, having a series of coils; the
opposite wires of which are a distance apart substantially equal to half the armature
periphery.

page_text: 6. A mat or wrapper of wires for a drum armature, having a series of parallel
transverse wires equal in length to the core of the armature, and diagonal connecting
wires adapted to extend beyond the core when the wrapper' in position.
7. A mat or wrapper of wires for a drum armature, consisting of a series of coils
with free ends, bound together so that the whole may be hent around the core and
when in place form a complete winding.
8. A mat or wrapper of wires for a drum armature, consisting of a series of
overlapping coils with free ends, substantially as described.
9. A mat or wrapper of wires for a drum armature, consisting of a series of
overlapping coils with free ends, each coil having several turns, and the whole bound
together so as to be readily bent around the core.
10. A drum armature winding consisting of a series of overlapping coils, each
having two straight parallel sides corresponding to the longitudinal peripheral wires a
distance apart equal to half the armature periphery, and. connections between said
sides longer than the armature diameter and curved at the end into a surface concentric
with the core.
1000
WALTER HARRIS KNIGHT.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.