Improvements in or Connected with Blast or Air Supply Pipes for Gas Producers and other Furnaces.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with Blast or Air Supply Pipes for
Gas Producers and other Furnaces.
I, JOHN COOPER, of 72, Nottingham Street, Sheffield in the County of York,
pattern maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to blast and air supply pipes for gas producers and other
furnaces, and consists in improved arrangements for protecting and cooling said blast
or air supply pipes where exposed to intense heat and at the same time heating the air
supplied to the furnace through said pipes, the object of my invention being to
increase the durability of the pipes and by the greater heat of the blast or air to produce
the gas at a higher temperature and richer in combustible gases.
In applying my invention to a gas producer or other furnace where a steam jet
blower is used, I surround that part of the blast or air supply pipe which extends into
the furnace or under or alongside the fuel by a box, casing or jacket, hereinafter
called jacket. This jacket is extended through, under, or alongside the furnace.
It is
open to the atmosphere at one end and terminantes at the other end in a closed chamber
or casing, hereinafter called Suction Chamber.
The blast pipe is attached to the jacket inside the furnace and suitable outlets for the
blast are arranged in the jacket or the blast. pipe. The blast pipe extends into the
suction chamber near to the end of the same and is open at this end. A nozzle for a
steam jet is passed through the end of the suction chamber opposite to the open end
of the blast pipe. On the steam jet being turned on, it enters the blast pipe and
produces a partial vacuum in the suction chamber, in consequence of which air is
caused to enter the jacket at the open end, and to flow through the jacket into the
suction chamber in the opposite direction to the current of mixed air and steam in the
blast pipe. The current of air passing through the jacket and surrounding the blast
pipe cools the latter and the jacket, while the air becomes also heated by the side or
sides of the jacket in contact with the fuel or flame in the gas producer or other
furnace.
In some cases where steam jets are not used and an ordinary blast from a fan or
blower is employed, I pass the blast through the jacket into the chamber at its end and
thence through the blast pipe, the effect of this arrangement being the same as of that
herein before described.
In some cases I employ water instead of air for cooling the blast pipe and warming
the blast. The jacket in this case is arranged to pass through under or alongside the
fuel as herein before described with reference to the air jacket. It may be made with
closed ends and kept filled with water, from a cistern or tank, arrangements of any
ordinary suitable kind being provided for circulating the water. Or it may be made
with raised ends projecting beyond the walls of the furnace and open at the top, so
that steam can escape, arrangements of any ordinary suitable kind being in that case
made to replace the evaporated water and keep the jacket filled. The blast pipe passes
through the jacket or part of the same, the outer projecting and being either connected
to a fan or blower, or provided with a steam blowing apparatus as may be required for
the furnace to which it is applied.
The water in the jacket keeps the blast pipe cool and prevents it from getting burnt,
while at the same time it may be used for heating the blast passing through
the pipe.
The arrangement of air supply pipes and jackets hereinbefore described can also be
used where air is supplied to furnaces or gas producers by means of the natural
draught of the furnace chimneys, or by means of exhausters exhausting the gases
produced in furnaces or gas producers. The jackets are in these cases left-open.to

page_text: the atmosphere when air jackets are used, or the air supply pipes are left open to the
atmosphere where water jackets are used.
The blast or air supply pipes and jackets may be made of metal or refractory
materials, and may be formed with fins or ribs to aid the transmission of heat and
to strengthen them.
Dated this 16th day of November 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with Blast or Air Supply Pipes for
Gas Producers and other Furnaces.
I JOHN COOPER of 72 Nottingham Street, Sheffield, in the County of York,
pattern maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
My invention relates to blast and air supply pipes for gas producers and other
furnaces and consists in improved arrangements for protecting and cooling said blast.
or air supply pipes where exposed to intense heat and at the same time hoating the air
supplied to the furnace through said pipes, the object of my invention being to
increase the durability of the pipes and by the greater heat of the blast or air to produce
the gas at a higher temperature and richer in combustible gases.
On the three sheots of drawings appended hereunto figs. 1, 2 and 3 shew one
arrangement of my improved blast pipe in vertical horizontal and cross section.
Figs. 4 and 5 a modification of this arrangement.
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 another modification.
In applying my invention to a gas producer or other furnace where a steam jet
blower is used, I surround that part of the blast or air supply pipe which extends
into the furnace or under or alongside the fuel by a box, casing or jacket, hereinafter
called jacket. On the drawings the furnace of a gas producer is indicated in dotted
lines. On sheet 1, A is the air supply or blast pipe with lateral openings D through
which the nir is discharged into the furnace, and B is the jacket surrounding the same.
The jacket is extended through the furnace and open at one end to the atmosphere,
terminating at the other end in a closed chamber B₁ hereinafter called the suction
chamber.
The blast pipe A inside the jacket may be cast with the same as shewn or be cast
separately and attached to the jacket.
It is provided with a prolongation A" reaching to near the top of the suction
chamber B and open at the top. A nozzle C for a steam jet is passed through the end
of the suction chamber as shewn opposite to the open end of the pipe A'. On the steam
jet being turned on, it enters the pipe A' and produces a partial vacuum in the suction
chamber B', in consequence of which air is caused to enter the jacket B at the open
end and to flow through the jacket into the suction chamber in the opposite direction
to the current of mixed steam and air in the blast pipe A, as indicated by the arrows
in the drawings. The current of air passing through the jacket and surrounding the
blast pipe cools the latter and the jacket, while the air also becomes heated by the sides
and top of the jacket in contact with the fuel in the gas producer. E and E³ are doors
for giving access to the blast pipe A.
·
The arrangement shewn on sheet 2 differs from that heroinbefore described only in
that the jacket is not extended through the furnace, but only to the end of the blast
pipe A, an inlet or supply pipe B³ being arranged below the sole of the furnace and
embedded in the heated masonry, in passing through which the air becomes heated.
In some cases where steam jets are not used and an ordinary blast from a fan or a
blower is employed, I blow the blast through the jacket into a chamber at its end
and thence back through the blast pipe, the effect of this arrangement being the same
as of that hereinbetore described.

page_text: In some cases I employ water instead of air for cooling the blast-pipe and
warming the blast. The jacket in this case is arranged to pass through under or
alongside the fuel as hereinbefore described with reference to the air jacket. It may
be made with closed ends and kept filled with water from a cistern or tank, arrange-
ments of any ordinary kind being provided for circulating the water. Or it may be
made with raised ends projecting beyond the walls of the furnace and open at the top
so that steam can escape, arrangements of any ordinary suitable kind being in that
case made to replace the evaporated water and keep the jacket filled; or one end may
be inade raised and open and the other end closed.
By removing the outer casing of the suction chamber B¹ figs. 1 or 4, and closing the
air inlet to the jacket B with a lid, a jacket open and raised at one end and closed at
the other is obtained which can be filled with water from a tap arranged above the
open end and kept filled by regulating the dripping of water from said tap. The
blast pipe passes through the jacket as in fig. 4 or through part of the same as in
fig 1 the outer projecting end A' of the same being provided with a steam blowing
apparatus or nozzle, or connected to a fan or blower as may be required for the
furnace to which it is applied. The water in the jacket keeps the blast pipe cool and
prevents it from getting burnt, while at the same time it warms the blast passing
through the pipe.
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 sheet 3 show an arrangement of combined water and air jacket and
double blast pipe. The pipe A¹ is mounted upon a chamber A³ communicating
through openings fitted with valves G and G' with the blast pipes A. A discharging
the air into the furnace through the openings D. D. The space between the blast
pipes A A forms an air jacket B which is in contact with the fuel at the top and may
be arranged so as to extend over the top of the blast pipes. The lower part F forms
a water jacket kept supplied through the circulating pipes H H communicating with
a water tank. The air drawn through the jacket B and the water circulating in F
cool the blast pipe, while the jackets B and F also warm the air drawn through B into
the suction chamber B¹. The air is propelled by the steam jet blower into the
pipe A and chamber A³, whence according to the position of the valves G and G₁,
which are mounted upon ouo spindle and can be adjusted by means of the screw K
and handle I, the air is blown into one or the other blast pipe A or into both of them
as may be required for managing the combustion in the furnace.
The arrangements of air supply pipes and jackets herein before described can also be
used where air is supplied to furnaces or gas producers by means of the natural
draught of the furnace chimney or by means of exhausters exhausting the gases
produced in furnaces or gas producers. The jackets are in these cases left open to the
atmosphere at the inlet end where air jackets are used, or the air supply pipes are left
open to the atmosphere where water jackets are used.
The blast or air supply pipes and jackets may be made of metal or refractory
materials and may be formed with fins or ribs to aid the transmission of heat and to
strengthen them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
Firstly, in combination with blast or air supply pipes for gas producers and other furnaces
jackets surrounding or partly surrounding said blast or air supply pipes and in contact
with the fuel or flame through which jackets the air is drawn or blown into said blast
or air supply pipes in a contrary direction to that in which it passes through said
blast or air supply pipes, substantially as herein before described and for the purpose
set forth.
Secondly, in combination with blast or air supply pipes for gas producers and other
furnaces jackets surrounding or partly surrounding said blast or air supply pipes and
in contact with the fuel or flame and filled with water, substantially as herein before
described and for the purposes set forth.
.

page_text: Thirdly, in combination with blast or air supply pipes for gas producers and other
furnaces two or more jackets surrounding or partly surrounding said blast or air
supply pipes and in contact with the finel, or fanie, one or more of said jackets being
filled with water and the remainder serving for the passage of the air to said
blast or air supply pipes substantially as heroinbefore described and for the purpose
set forth.
Fourthly, the arrangement or construction of jacket, suction chamber and blast pipe
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to figs: 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings
and for the purposes set forth.
Fifthly, the arrangement or construction of jacket, air supply pipe, suction chamber
and blast pipe substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to figures 4 and 5
of the drawings.
Sixthly, the arrangement or construction of water and air jackets, suction chamber
and blast pipes substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to figs. 6, 7 and 8
of the drawings.
Dated this 16th day of August 1889.
EMMOTT & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
EMMOTT & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.