IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING WIRE AND OTHER RODS OR BARS OF METAL
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bedson, of Manchester, in the County of
. Lancaster, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING
WIRE AND OTHER RODS OR BARS OF METAL."
Sealed the 30th December 1862, and dated the 2nd July 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Bedson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
July 1862.
I, GEORGE BEDSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROLLING WIRE AND OTHER RODS, OR BARS OF METAL," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to that description of rolling, in which the metal is
alternately rolled from one form into another, as, for instance; from diamond to
oval, and so on, the rod being turned between each operation.
According to one part of my Invention, I avoid the necessity for the turning
by using a series of rollers placed alternately at right angles or other angle to
each other, and in such manner, that the metál as it is delivered from one pair
may be taken up by the next, for which purpose I place guides leading from
one pair to the other.
Another part of my Invention relates to a method of causing the rod to be
turned. For this purpose I use a guide, by which the metal is caused to move
in a spiral direction and so present another face to the next pair of rollers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Bedson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd January 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BEDSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, IIer heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the
said George Bedson, Her special license that I, the said George Bedson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Bedson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROLLING WIRE AND OTHER RODS OF METAL," upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said George Bedson, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Bedson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
-
My Invention refers to that description of rolling in which the metal is
alternately rolled from one form into another, as, for instance, from square to
diamond or oval, and so on, the rod being according to such ordinary operation
turned between each rolling.
According to one part of my Invention, I avoid the necessity for the turning
by using a series of rollers placed alternately at right angles or other angle to
each other, and in such manner that the metal as it is delivered from one pair
may be taken up by the next, for which purpose I place guides leading from
one-pair to the other.
Another part of my Invention relates to a method of causing the rod to be
turned; for this purpose I use a guide, by which the metal is caused to move
in a spiral direction and so present another face to the next pair of rollers.

page_text: In order to illustrate the manufacture to which my Invention applies, I refer
to the Diagram, Fig. 1, which represents in section the various shapes into
which the puddled bar is rolled so as eventually to produce wire or wire rod.
At 0 is the puddled bar, which after passing through one pair of rolls is
brought into the diamond form 1, after which another rolling. brings the said
bar into a square, as at 2, then again into diamond at 3, and so on until 9,
where an oval is produced. out of the square 8, and lastly, the finished wire or
wire rod 10. I have referred to this Diagram simply to point out the system
of rolling to which my Invention refers, but it is well known to all persons
engaged in the manufacture, that the consecutive sections are varied according
to the article to be produced or practice of the manufacturer. For instance,
ovals are sometimes produced instead of diamonds or square or hexagonal
sections may be adopted.
1
Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, illustrate the method by which I carry out my Invention.
At A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, is a series of rollers mounted in suitable
framework, and geared together by toothed wheels as at a. The first pair of
these A are placed horizontally as regards their axes, the rear B vertically as
regards their axes, and so on alternately throughout the series. To produce
the gradual reduction shewn at Fig. 1, these rollers are provided with grooves
corresponding to the sections 1, 2, 3, &c., the roller A producing 1; the
roller B producing 2, and so on. The several rollers are driven from the main
shaft b, or from any other convenient part by any suitable arrangement of
gearing, and must of course be speeded so as to gradually increase in speed
according to the length to which the puddled bar is to be drawn out, the last
roller running at such an accelerated rate as will enable it to take up and
deliver the attenuated metal; or instead of gearing friction surfaces may be
employed. Thus far I have shewn how such articles as aforesaid are produced
by the principle of my Invention, namely, the employment of a series of "rolls"
for rolling the metal from one form to another without a necessity for turning
it; I find it, however, desirable to use a guide between each pair of rollers
for conducting the rod from one pair to another; and this is illustrated at
Figs. 4 and 5, which represent in what may be called elevation and plan views
two pairs of rolls and their guide drawn upon an enlarged scale.. Those
which have been previously described, as the horizontal rolls, that is one pair
of them are shewn at A, and the other pair situated at right angles thereto
at B, between them is placed a guide d consisting of a groove, which I find
convenient to form by uniting two plates of metal so as to be able to bring
them nearer to or farther from each other, and thus vary t the size of the said
groove. The guide is shaped (as seen in the Drawing) so as to admit of its

page_text: being extended near to the "rolls," thus allowing it. to receive the metal
immediately it leaves them. The guides so formed are not shewn in
Figs. 2 and 3, but are placed between each pair of rolls, and they have
brackets by which they are secured to the framework...
The other part of my Invention may be illustrated: by reference to Fig. 6;
in this instance the rolls I employ are set in series with their axis all in one
direction, and between each pair is placed a guide, similar to that shewn at
Figs. 4 and 5, but in this instance the groove in such guide is twisted so as to
form a spiral, and as the metal therefore passes through it, it becomes turned
upon its axis so as to be presented to the next pair. of rolls with a different
face, or with what are technically. called the cold edges.
The Drawing, Fig. 6, shews two pairs of rolls only, but the series may of
course consist of any number, and driven by any suitable, arrangement of
gearing. I find it of advantage sometimes to combine the above described
separate improvements. For instance, in Fig. 1 the square section 8 has next
to take the oval form, and by causing it to be turned one-eighth of a revolution
by means of a spiral guide the rolling may be effected more perfectly.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, I
desire it to be understood that although I have, for the sake of illustration.
pointed out one class of articles to which the improvements are applicable, I
do not limit myself thereto, as the same principle may be adopted in rolling
other articles, in reference to which the metal is turned, as for instance in the
rolling of "billets;" but I claim as secured to me under the above in part
recited. Letters Patent,-
Firstly, in reference to such rolling as above alluded to the employment of
a series of "rolls" placed at varying angles, whereby the necessity for turning
the metal is avoided. Also the use of the guides for conveying the metal from
one pair of "rolls" to another.
Secondly, the employment of guides formed by spiral grooves for turning
the metal to be operated upon.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Bedson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.