Improvements in the Process of Producing Glass Articles with Metal Enclosures.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 29th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 30th Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Process of Producing Glass Articles with
Metal Enclosures.
I PAUL SIEVERT of Deuben near Dresden, Saxony, in the Empire of Germany,
Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Attempts have been made to produce glass articles with metal enclosures, and.
such attempts have hitherto been made in two directions.
One plan proposed, especially for glass plates with metal enclosures, has been
first to form a layer of glass by rolling or pressing, then to place a metal web or
other layer or metal enclosure upon it, and finally to add a second layer of glass,
which united the whole into one body by means of pressing or rolling.
By the process just mentioned, it is a matter of course, that by superposing two
layers of glass, objects of a certain thickness only can be produced, because if
the first or lower layer of glass is too thin, this layer will be disfigured or
squeezed out of shape, by the second layer of glass used for enclosing the metal
enclosure, and with the mentioned process the production of hollow articles of
glass is almost impossible.
Another plan proposed for obtaining such glass articles, consisted in pressing
wire gauze, or wire web, or netting, onto the surface of glass articles. In this
process, the metal was not actually enclosed within the glass; the articles thus
produced were liable to easy breaking; the metal easily separated from the glass,
and was subject to destruction from atmospheric influence.
Now the present invention has for its object, a process by which, by one
simple action of pressing or rolling, plates or other articles of glass may be provided
with a metal enclosure in such a manner that the metal is perfectly enclosed in or
surrounded by the glass.
Such metal enclosures may consist of all sorts of wire web, gauze, or netting, of
bars or strips, etc., etc.
For producing, say, glass plates with metal enclosures, I proceed as follows:-
A mould corresponding to the size of the plate to be produced, is employed, the
bottom of which is provided with a suitable design or pattern in relief. The
design or pattern may consist of strips, of undulations, of facettes, or any other
suitable configuration, so that the upper rim or edge of such design forins the
support for the metal enclosure to rest on.
The metal is put into the mould so that it rests on the upper edges of the design
or pattern on the bottom of the mould, and then, by pouring into the mould the
liquid or molten glass, the metal enclosure, by the entering of the glass into the
cavities of the mould's design or pattern, will be raised to such an extent that it
actually comes within the glass. The glass plates may then be rolled or pressed
and cooled down.
The means just described for the production of glass plates with metal enclosures
may be varied; for example, a mould with a smooth bottom may be employed, and
the design or pattern may be formed on the lower surface of the presser or
plunger entering into the mould for pressing down the molten glass. In this case,
the metal enclosure is fixed by means of strings or other suitable material
underneath the lower surface of the plunger, so that the enclosure rests against the
edges or rims of the design or pattern, and is pressed into the mould, the strings
immediately burning away by the heat of the molten glass, the latter entering into
the cavities of the design or pattern, thereby pressing the metal enclosures so fa
down that the latter is actually enclosed in or surrounded by the glass.

page_text: The design or pattern thus created on the upper, or on the lower surface of
the plate, forms no objection to its employment; it will, on the contrary, for most
purposes of the employment of such glass plates, come in very usefully, especially
if such plates are used for covering skylights or cellar lights, whereas the reduced
thickness of such plates, and the reduced weight of same form, another advantage
for such employments, such reductions being a material advantage over glass plates
with metal enclosures formed by two layers of glass pressed together.
It is of course not excluded to form the glass plates with metal enclosures, and
with pattern or design on both surfaces of said glass plates.
Dated this 29th day of June 1891.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Process of Producing Glass Articles with
Metal Enclosures.
I PAUL SIEVERT of Deuben, near Dresden, Saxony in the Empire of Germany,
Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement.
Attempts have been made to produce glass articles with metal enclosures, and
such attempts have hitherto been made in two directions.
One plan proposed especially for glass plates with metal enclosures, has been
first to form a layer of glass by rolling or pressing, then to place a metal web or
other layer or metal enclosure upon it, and finally to add a second layer of glass,
which united the whole into one body by means of pressing or rolling.
By the process just mentioned, it is a matter of course that by superposing two
layers of glass, objects of a certain thickness only can be produced, because if the
first or lower layer of glass is too thin, this layer will be disfigured or squeezed out
of shape by the second layer of glass used for enclosing the metal enclosure, and
with the mentioned process, the production of hollow articles of glass is almost
impossible.
Another plan proposed for obtaining such glass articles, consisted in pressing
wire gauze, or wire web or netting, onto the surface of glass articles. In this
process, the metal was not actually enclosed within the glass; the articles thus
produced were liable to be easily broken; the metal easily separated from the glass,
and was subject to destruction from atmospheric influence.
Now the present invention has for its object a process by which, by one simple
action of pressing or rolling, plates or other articles of glass may be provided with
a metal enclosure, in such a manner, that the metal is perfectly enclosed in, or
surrounded by, the glass.
Such metal enclosures may consist of all sorts of wire web, gauze, or netting, of
bars or strips, etc., etc.
-
For producing, say, glass plates with metal enclosures, I proceed as follows:-
A mould corresponding to the size of the plate to be produced is employed, the
bottom of which is provided with a suitable design or pattern in relief. The design
or pattern may consist of strips, of undulations, of facettes, or any other suitable
configuration, so that the upper edge of such design forms the support for the metal
enclosure to rest on.
The metal to be enclosed is put into the mould so that it rests on the upper edges
of the design or pattern on the bottom of the mould, and then by pouring into the
mould the liquid or molten glass, the metal enclosure, by the entering of the molten
glass into the cavities of the mould's design or pattern, will be raised to such an
extent that it actually comes within the glass. The glass plates may then be rolled
or pressed and cooled down.

page_text: On the annexed drawing, A designates, in Figs. I and 2, the mould with a
suitable design or pattern on its bottom. In these figures, the design or pattern
is somewhat exaggerated. B is the metal enclosure put into the mould, and
C (Fig. 3) shows a plate of glass with the metal enclosure B.
The means just described for the production of glass plates with metal enclosures.
may be varied. So, for example, a mould with a smooth bottom (see Fig. 4) may
be employed, and the design or pattern may be formed on the lower surface of the
presser or plunger A', which adapted to enter into the mould, to press down the
molten glass. In this case, the metal enclosure B is fixed by means of pieces of
string, or other suitable material, underneath the lower surface of the plunger A',.
so that the enclosure rests against the edges or rims of the design or pattern, and
is pressed into the mould, the pieces of string immediately burning away by the
heat of the molten glass. The glass enters into the cavities of the design or pattern,
and acts to press the metal enclosure so far down, that the latter is actually
enclosed in or surrounded by glass.
Fig. 5 shows a glass plate C, with the metal enclosure B as produced according
to this modification.
The design or pattern thus created on the upper or on the lower surface of the
plate, forms no objection to its employment. It will, on the contrary, for most.
purposes of the employment of such glass plates, come in very usefully, especially
if such plates are used for covering skylights or cellar lights, whereas the reduced
thickness of such plates and the reduced weight of same, form another advantage
for such employments, such reductions being a material advantage over glass plates.
with metal enclosures formed by two layers of glass pressed together.
It is of course obvious that the glass plates with metal enclosures, and with
pattern or design on both surfaces of said glass plates, may also be produced.
I wish it to be understood that in speaking, in the foregoing Specification, of a.
mould, it is not absolutely necessary that a cavity is understood and used.
I may use, for producing glass plates with enclosed wire netting, a plate which
is provided with pattern or designs, upon the upper edges of which the wire netting
or gauze is put, and upon the plate the molten glass is poured, which, by entering
the sunk pattern or design, lifts the wire netting or gauze, so as to enclose the
latter within the glass body.
The glass may be pressed down by pressure or rolling, so as to receive an even
surface. If the edges of the glass plate do not present proper or straight lines, the
glass plate with the enclosed wire gauze or netting may be cut to shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
ion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The process of producing articles of glass with metallic enclosures, consisting
n providing the form or mould for producing such glass articles with patterns or
lesigns, such as undulations, stripes, etc., of any kind, the upper edges or rins of
which pattern or design form the rest or support of the metal enclosure to be
nclosed in the glass, after the insertion of which metal enclosure, the liquid or
molten glass is poured into the form or mould, the molten glass entering into the
avities of the pattern or design, lifting or raising the metal enclosure so far that
he latter is enclosed in or surrounded by the glass.
2. The modification of the means specified in Claim 1 for working the process,.
onsisting in providing the lower surface of the press or head entering in the mould
ith pattern or design, on the surface of which the metal enclosure to be inserted
to the glass is properly fixed..
Dated this 29th day of March 1805
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.