Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 30th Apr., 1898

page_text: 1. The barrel a Fig. 2, rigidly united to the breech-frame b, is forced forward
by means of a spiral spring B (the recoil-spring) surrounding the magazine,
said spring being compressed when the recoil takes place see Fig. 1.
2. The breech-frame b Fig. 12, sliding back and forth in the casing 61 in
longitudinal grooves and guides 627364 Figs. 9 and 12, is provided with a brace d³,
slots h¹ for the cartridge-carrier, and a plate m³ which has recesses for the feed-
arms, Fig. 16. In order to prevent the cartridges on the cartridge-carrier
from being thrown too high, in the upward motion of said carrier, the breech-
frame is provided on the one hand with a projecting lip or part 67 over the for-
ward end of the cartridge and on the other hand with a contracted part at its
open portion, said contraction allowing of the passage of the cartridge-case but
not of the rear flange of the latter. In order to eject the empty case, the latter
is extracted sufficiently to make its forward end clear the lip and cause the rim
to leave the contraction and enter a recess in the breech-frame, which is of
sufficient width for the flange.
3. The lever d Fig. 15, fulcrumed on a pin d¹ passing through the breech-
frame b, Figs. 3 and 9, is provided at its lower end with a lateral stud d² which
during the movements of the breech-frame back and forth in the casing b¹ strikes
against stops d³ ³ located in said casing (Fig. 3), the upper end of the lever
being thus brought to act on the firing-pin c¹ and make to effect the movements
of the latter as well as of the breech-bolt c. The lever is besides provided with
an abutment-lug d¹ for arresting the backward movements of the breech-bolt
in the breech-frame, (Figs. 1 and 3).
4. The lever h², Fig. 7 having one end fulcrumed on the pin d¹ passing through
the breech-frame (Figs. 1 and 2) acts with its free end on the cartridge-
carrier (shown in detail in Fig. 6) which is movable up and down in slots h¹ h¹
provided for it in the breech-frame, Fig. 12. In order to produce the movements
of the cartridge-carrier by means of the lever, the latter is provided with a side-
stud he which runs in a series of grooves with a movable switch-tongue, which
series is arranged in the casing, Fig. 5 in such a manner that the stud ho in the
receding motion of the breech-frame passes along the groove h³, thereby raising
the switch-tongue h³ which afterwards resumes its original position, while in the
advancing motion of the breech-frame the stud he first passes along an oblique
groove in the switch-tongue, thereby elevating the cartridge-carrier, then follows
the groove h8, as long as the cartridge lifted is in need of support, then moves into
the groove h, thereby depressing the cartridge-carrier and finally returns to its
original position in the groove 47. The cartridge carrier has a spring 10 (Figs. 1
and 7), which bears on the flange of the cartridge so as to cause the cartridge to
accompany the breech-frame in its receding motion when the recoil takes place.
The cartridge-carrier may alternatively, be given the shape indicated in Figs. 3
and 4, where the cartridge is lifted at both ends by the pivotted levers h³ and h³,
in the simultaneous upward movements of these levers by means of the pins h
and h, and where springs h¼ fixed to the breech-frame at the sides of the
cartridge-position (and indicated in Fig. 12 by dotted lines) carry the cartridge
along in the recoiling motion.
5. The arm n Fig. 10 one end of which is fulcrumed on the pin d¹ passing
through the breech-frame b, is pressed with its free end against the breech-bolt c,
Figs. 3 and 4, by means of a spring n' which forces it into the notches n³ and n
of the breech-bolt in the extreme positions of the latter, the said arm thus pre-
venting the bolt from rebounding and when the arm snaps into the notch n
being caused to eject the empty case. The arm is moreover provided with a
side-stud n which in the backward and forward movements of the breech-frame
in the casing slides underneath a guide n' (Figs. 3 and 4) located in the casing and
cut off obliquely at both ends, the arm n being by this means released from the

page_text: 4. Two arms mm Figs. 1, 2 and 16, are attached to the magazine or to the
front end of the mechanism-casing, said arms in firing retaining the cartridges
in the magazine by means of their upwardly pointing pins m4m*: after each
discharge, however the pins are pushed aside, this being accomplished by their
downwardly-pointing ends m¹m running in grooves m² m² arranged obliquely
to the longitudinal direction of the barrel in a plate m³ fixed to the breech-frame,
and a fresh cartridge is thus admitted to the carrier after each discharge of the
gun.
It should be noted that it is not essential to the construction of the fire-arm as
a whole, and to the claims based thereon, whether as shown in the drawing-the
levers dh² and n be fulcrumed on the same pin d or not, as they may equally
well be mounted on different pins, if only the latter be attached to the breech-
frame, and the arrangement of the recoil-spring B around the magazine is like-
wise not essential, since it may equally well be arranged round the barrel, or in
beside or behind the mechanism-casing.
For completing the above description in detail, reference is made to the follow-
ing explanation of the manner of operating the fire-arm:
A, Loading is performed on pulling the breech open by hand by inserting a
cartridge into the breech-frame in front of the breech-bolt and pulling the trigger,
whereby the cartridge is pushed into the barrel the gun being kept in an inclined
position. The gun is now ready to be used as a single-loader; for automatic
firing by the force of recoil it is besides necessary to introduce a supply of cartridges
into the magazine either at its forward end-as shown in the drawing-or through
a door in one of the side-walls of the mechanism casing.
B. Automatic firing by the force of recoil; with regard to the functions of the
various parts of the fire-arm the following three movements may be distinguished
while, in discharging the fire-arm, the mechanism casing and the magazine always
remain stationary.
1. The barrel together with the breech frame moving backward in the casing
by the force of recoil, until the breech-frame at strikes the rear wall of the
casing the recoil-spring in the meantime being compressed and the following
movements of the parts of the mechanism taking place.
a. The lateral stud d² of the lever d fulcrumed on a pin in the breech-frame at
first travels through the space between the two stops d³ ³ of the casing, and
when striking the rear stop causes the lever d to turn on its fulcrum, the said
lever thereby acting with its upper end on the firing-pin so as to move the latter
backward in the breech-bolt, past the full-cock position (Fig. 1), until the hooks
of the locking-levers are brought out of engagement with the breech-frame, the
breech-bolt together with the empty case subsequently accompanying the firing-
pin backward in the breech-frame during the simultaneous backward motion of
the latter in the mechanism casing. When in the rearward movements of the
firing-pin the hooks of the locking levers have been withdrawn into the breech-
holt so as to make the latter free to move in the breech-frame, the firing pin
returns to its full-cock position, its spring now giving increased velocity to the
breech-bolt. When the motion of barrel and breech-frame is arrested by the rear-
wall of the casing, the empty cartridge-case has become only partly extracted
from the barrel, but owing to its inertia the breech-bolt continues to move
together with the case until the striking-lug c hits the abutment lug d¹ of the
leverd the case being now sufficiently extracted.
6. The cartridge carrier, which runs in grooves in the breech-frame, and the
lever h³ mounted on a pin in the breech frame, accompany the latter in its
movements in the casing and becomes separated from the magazine which in the
meantime is kept shut by the arms mm. The side-stud ho of the lever runs
backward in the groove 7 of the casing and in the latter portion of its movements
it lifts the switch h5 which subsequently resumes its former position.

page_text: c. The arm n, which is also mounted on a pin in the breech-frame, takes part
in the motion of the latter and its pin 6 being pressed by the spring n¹ against
the underside of the guide n' of the casing brings the said arm out of engagement
with the breech-bolt before the latter has become movable in the breech-frame
by the withdrawal of the hooks of the locking-levers, the aforesaid pin no then
following along the guide n' to the rear end of the latter, where it leaves the
guide, the arm n being thus caused to again press against the breech-bolt before
this bolt has completed its rearward motion.
2. The barrel together with the breech-frame, by the action of the recoil spring,
moving forward in the mechanism casing while the lever d remains stationary,
i.e., while the lateral stud 2 of the lever d passes from the rear to the forward
stop d³ in the casing, the following movements of the mechanism casing now
taking place.
a. The breech-bolt, owing to its inertia, completes its backward course and the
hooked end n of the arm n is pressed into the notch n of the breech-bolt, the
rebounding of the breech-bolt being thereby prevented and the empty cartridge
case being ejected; the side pin n6 of the arm n is subsequently depressed by the
guide n' of the casing and the arm n thus disengaged from the breech-bolt.
3. The barrel together with the breech-frame completing the remainder of its
forward motion in the casing, the breech is now open, but, if the trigger remains
pulled, the barrel continues its forward motion together with the breech-frame,
the following movements of the mechanism now taking place.
a. The lateral stud of the lever & strikes against the forward stop of the
casing, causing the lever to turn on its fulcrum and its upper end to act on the
firing pin, said end moving the latter forward and by means of the latch a pulling
the breech-bolt with it in the breech-frame, while at the same time the latter
moves forward in the casing. When the barrel together with the breech-frame
stops in its original position in the casing, the cartridge has not become fully
inserted in the barrel, but owing to its inertia the breech-bolt continues its motion
together with the cartridge in front of it until it is stopped by the barrel.
b. The side-pin n of the arm n slides along the guide n of the casing to the
forward end of said guide, where the pin leaves the guide so that the arm will
press against the breech-bolt and, when the latter stops, become pressed into its
notch n³ so as to prevent the rebounding of the latter.
c. The side-stud he of the lever h2 follows along the groove 8 of the casing,
as long as the cartridge on the cartridge-carrier is in need of support while being
inserted into the barrel, and then returns to the groove and in so doing pulls
down the cartridge-carrier, so that both the latter and the aforesaid lever are
finally brought into their original positions, the arms m, m being simultaneously
pushed aside so as to admit a fresh cartridge from the magazine to the cartridge
carrier.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In fire-arms, the barrel and breech-frame of which are movable to and fro
in the mechanism casing, while the breech-bolt which contains the firing-pin,
is movable to and fro in the breech-frame for the automatical loading of the
fire-arm by the aid of the recoil, the arrangement of locking-levers (3) located
in the breech-bolt on each side of the firing pin and the forward ends of which
form outwardly directed hooks which, when pressed apart by the firing pin
moved forward between them, enter into corresponding recesses in the breech-
frame, so that the breech-bolt becomes locked to the breech-frame during the
discharge of a cartridge, the other ends of said locking levers being pressed apart
by lateral lugs or the like on the firing pin, when the latter moves backwards
(after the discharge) whereby the hooks are brought out of engagement with the

page_text: breech-frame, so that the breech-bolt can slide in said frame, substantially as
described.
2. In a locking device of the character described a firing pin provided at its
fore end with a wedge-shaped part (c) adapted to press apart the front hooked-
shaped ends of the locking levers, when the firing pin moves forward in the
breech-bolt, and wedge-shaped lugs (c) serving to cause the rear ends of the
locking levers to move apart at the backward movement of the firing pin in
the breech-bolt, being located behind said wedge-shaped part (c) in order to lock,
by means of the firing pin, the breech-bolt to the breech-frame before the dis-
charge and to release said bolt from said frame after the discharge, substantially
as described.
3. In fire arm mechanism provided with a locking device of the character
described the arrangement of a lever (d), located below the breech-bolt and secured
to the breech frame by means of its pivot pin one end of said lever engaging
between two stops in the mechanism casing while its other end enters the breech-
bolt and acts directly upon the firing pin whereby at the recoil of the breech-frame,
the breech-bolt is released in consequence of the backward movement of the firing
pin, which is brought into its full cock position, and the forward as well as the
backward movement of the breech-bolt in the breech-frame is accomplished
substantially as described.
4. In a lever arrangement as described in Claim 3,--stops (d³) arranged at
sufficient distance apart that the end of the lever (d) has to pass through such a
space from the one stop to the other, that, after the recoiling breech-frame has
turned, there is a sufficient time for ejecting the empty cartridge case and for
raising the cartridge carrier, before the end of the lever strikes the opposite stop
and begins to turn in order to throw the breech-bolt forward substantially as
described.
5. In fire arm mechanism of the character described a lever (d) provided with
an abutment-lug (1) for arresting the breech-bolt at the backward movement of
the same substantially as described.
6. In fire-arm mechanism of the character described a brace (d) on the breech-
frame for limiting the rotation of the lever (d) at the recoil, whereby the breech-
open position of the fire-arm is determined substantially as described.
7. În fire-arm mechanism of the character described a catch (d) movably
mounted in the rear portion of the mechanism casing and connected to the trigger,
said catch engaging with a corresponding catch on the breech-bolt, when the bolt
is pushed backward, whereby the fire arm is kept in its breech-open position, until
the trigger is pulled substantially as described.
8. In fire-arm mechanism of the character described a lever (h³) pivotally
mounted on a pin in the breech-frame and having one end connected to the
cartridge-carrier, which is movable up and down, said lever being provided with
a side-stud (h), which at the movement of the breech-bolt runs in a groove in
the mechanism casing, which groove is provided with a switch tongue (h) which
is displaced by the stud (h) when this stud moves backwards, and which tongue
at the forward movement of the breech-frame, forces the stud (4) into an upper
branch of the groove, in order that the cartridge carrier may be raised or lowered
according to the cartridge positions required substantially as described.
9. In fire-arm. mechanism of the character described an
mounted on a pin in the breech-frame and provided with a hook and a breech-
arm (n) pivotally
bolt provided with notches n³n into which the arm (n) actuated by a spring,
engages when the breech-bolt is in the one or the other of its extreme positions
whereby the breech-bolt is prevented from rebounding and a guide (n) in the
mechanism casing, which guide when the lever arts on the firing pin for causing
the movement of the breech-bolt operates a side pin on the arm (") in consequence
of the movement of the breech-frame, whereby the arm is brought out of
engagement with the breech-bolt substantially as described.

page_text: 10. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete fire-
arm substantially as described or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of March 1898.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.