Improvements in Cars and Carriages.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 26th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1894
Improvements in Cars and Carriages.
1, HENRY WALLACE DOVETON DUNLOP C.E. of Viewmount Lucan Co. Dublin,
Ireland do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Instead of having cars or carriages as they are now in one structure, I separate
the upper or loaded portion (herein called " carriage") from the lower or wheel-
bearing portion (herein called "truck") so that the carriage shall be free to move
longitudinally on the truck. For this purpose I place rails on the bottom of the
carriage and grooved wheels on the truck or vice versa or other similar arrangement.
The carriage is secured from lateral departure by suitable guides and also from too
great longitudinal motion by suitable springs or buffers.
Dated this 26th dur of July 1803
3
H. W. D. DUNLOP.
1, HENRY WALLACE DOVETON DUNLOP of Viewmount, Lucan in the County
of Dublin in Ireland, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in cars and carriages. The object of the
invention is to provide a means of preventing the shock occasioned by violent
stopping or starting of cars, wagons, trucks or any kind of carriage.
In order that my said invention may be clearly understood I will now proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein
Fig. I is a side elevation of a railway vehicle fitted with improvements according
to this invention.
Fig. 1 is a plan of the under frame and Fig. III an underside view of the body
thereof and like reference-letters indicate corresponding. parts throughout the
drawings.
Instead of building cars, trucks, carriages and other vehicles as one structure,
I separate them into two-the lower portion or underframe A and the upper
portion or body B and I make the body B to slide or oscillate longitudinally on
the underframe A. To enable this to be done I mount grooved wheels C on the
top of the underframe and I place on the bottom of the body longitudinal rails D
which fit and run in the grooves of the wheels C, or, vice versa, the rails may be on
the top of the underframe and the grooved wheels on the bottoin of the body.
The result of this arrangement is that the body can slide or oscillate on the
underframe. On the bottom of the body I fit jaws E which fit over the buffer
rods F and on each buffer-rod I fix a collar F1 and, bearing on these collars and
encircling the buffer-rods are placed coil springs G. When then the vehicle
receives a shock, the said shock is not transmitted to the body, but the latter slides
or rolls on and relatively to the underframe and after it has moved through a short
distance, the jaws E come in contact with the coil springs G and compress them
and, if the notion imparted by the shock is not then stopped, the collars F¹ will
then be moved to cause the buffer-rods to act on the stronger buffer springs by
which finally the body B is brought to rest. Retardation of the movement of the
Di, 1

page_text: body B is, by these means, effected slowly and, no disagreeable shock is produced.
For the buffer rods and buffer-springs 1 may substitute other movable rods and
other springs and I may modify other details of the invention as may be desirable.
Having now particularly described by way of example, the nature of my
invention and one method of carrying it into practice, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A vehicle wherein the body is supported by rollers or otherwise and is readily
moveable relatively to an underframe upon which it rests and wherein also springs
or equivalent devices are employed to limit the movement of the body on the
underframe substantially as set forth, for the purpose specified.
2. The modification of my invention wherein movement of the body upon the
underframe is retarded by springs connected with moveable rods which latter are
controlled by stronger springs substantially as hereinbefore described for the
purpose specified.
3. The improvements relating to vehicles substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawings and operating as and for the purposes
specified.
H. W. D. DUNLOP, C.E.