IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER WHEELED VEHICLES
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM EDWARDS of Theresa Road Camp Hill near Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER WHEELED VEHICLES," to
be as follows:-
The object of my invention is the production of a composite or anti-vibration
Wheel, for Carriages and other wheeled Vehicles, in order to reduce to a minimum
or otherwise to intercept any concussion, shock or jarring imparted to the tyre of
the Wheel, and consequently no tremour or vibration is imparted to the Vehicle,
consequent upon the wheels encountering or passing over obstacles or inequalities
on their line of traction-And my said invention consists in interposing between
the felloes or rim and tyre of the wheel a yielding or elastic medium preferably of
vulcanized india rubber; in order to perfectly isolate the metal tyre from the other
rigid materials composing the wheel; so that the tyre of the wheel is supported on
its inside edge by a material that yields or complys to any sudden impact or
inequalities of the ground over which it passes and consequently little or no
tremour is transferred to a carriage or other vehicle.
The hub of the wheel which may be of metal or wood has a steel ring encircling
its circumference, at or about is middle; and around this steel ring or annulas
pegs or projections are disposed at equi-distant points consequent upon the number
of spokes required; and upon these pegs loose hollow or solid spokes provided with
sockets at their lower ends are capable of rotating-The other ends of the spokes
are provided with screwed sockets or nuts which take upon projections or pegs on
the inside face of the metallic felloes forming the rim of the wheel, and upon the
periphery of this rim (which may be flat, concave or other shape) continuous
segments of flat rubber are placed so as to form a continuous facing to the
periphery of the said rim or felloes and upon this rubber or other yielding facing,
the iron tyre is placed either cold or slightly heated for effecting its necessary
contraction upon the combined rim of rubber and metal.
The perfect tightening up of the parts or the bringing of the continuous rubber
facing on the periphery of the rim into intimate or close contact with the inside
face of the tyre is effected by rotating the screwed sockets or nuts on the upper
ends of the spokes which increase the distance between the felloes and the hub or
CD

page_text: lengthens the spokes by the expansion of the felloes consequent upon the screwing
up of the spoke, socket or nut or otherwise giving the necessary tension to the
spokes and fixing the combined composite rim to the tyre as described.
The tightening up of the parts can be readily effected on the settling down of
the rubber on the rim, or as the parts change in form from wear or other causes.
The spokes of wheels instead of taking upon pegs situated upon the hub and
felloes may take into holes or sockets instead.
The necessary tension may also be given to the spokes and felloes by the
rotation of a screwed tension-socket, which allows the necessary. expansion to be
imparted to the felloes without the moving of the spokes which are cast in or made
rigid to the hub.
Although I have described the facing upon the rim as being made in sections yet
a facing made in one piece may be used with like effect; and I wish it to be
understood that my invention is equally applicable to all forms of wheels either
composed of metal or of wood and metal combined and that the tyres may be
either flat, bevelled or half round.
.
Dated this twenty-fourth day of July 1884.
20
F
WILLIAM EDWARDS.
By Henry Skerrett,.
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE,, SPECIFICATION,
"
I, WILLIAM EDWARDS of Theresa Road, Camp Hill, near Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER WHEELED VEHICLES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement -
The object of my invention is the production of a composite or anti-vibration
wheel, for carriages and other wheeled vehicles, in order to reduce to a minimum
or otherwise to intercept any concussion, shock or jarring imparted to the tyre of
the wheel, and, consequently no tremor or vibration is imparted to the vehicle,
consequent upon the wheels encountering or passing over obstacles or inequalities
on their line of traction-And my said invention consists in interposing between
the felloes or rim and tyre of the wheel a yielding or elastic medium preferably of
valcanized india rubber; in order to perfectly isolate the metal tyre from the other
rigid materials composing the wheel; so that the tyre of the wheel is supported on
its inside edge by a material that yields or complies to any sudden impact or
inequalities of the ground over which it passes; and consequently little or no
tremor is transferred to a carriage or other vehicle.
The hub of the wheel which may be of metal or wood has a steel ring encircling
its circumference; and around the periphery of this said ring or annulas, hollow
spoke bosses are disposed at equi-distant points, consequent upon the number, of
spokes required; and within the square sockets or hollows of these bosses the
lower ends of the solid spokes take-The other ends of the spokes are provided
with screwed sockets or nuts, which take upon the wormed end of the spokes next
to the inside face of the felloes forming the rim of the wheel; and upon the
periphery of this rim (which may be flat, concave or other shape) continuous
segments of rubber are placed so as to form a continuous facing to the periphery
of the said rim or felloes; and upon this rubber or other yielding facing, the iron
tyre is placed either cold or slightly heated for effecting its necessary contraction
upon the combined rim of rubber and metal.
The perfect tightening up of the parts, or the bringing of the continuous rubber
facing on the periphery of the rim; into intimate or close contact with the inside
face of the tyre, is effected, by rotating the screwed sockets or nuts on the upper
ends of the spokes which increase the distance between the felloes and the hub, or
lengthens the spokes by the expansion of the felloes consequent upon the screwing
up of the spoke socket or nut or otherwise giving the necessary tension to the
spokes and affixing the combined composite rim close up to the inside of the tyre
as described.
Also the tightening up of the parts can be readily effected on the settling down
of the rubber on the rim, or as the parts change in form from wear or from other
causes.
The spokes of the wheels instead of taking into holes or sockets in the hub, and
felloes, they may take when hollow, upon pegs or projections instead. .

page_text: The necessary tension may also be given to the spokes and felloes by the
rotation of a screwed tension socket which allows the necessary expansion to be
imparted to the felloes without the moving of the spokes, which are cast in or
made rigid to the hub.
Although I have described the facing upon the rim as being made in sections,
yet à facing made in one piece may be used with like effect; and I wish it
to be understood that my invention is equally applicable to all forms of wheels
either composed of metal or of wood and metal combined; and that the tyres may
be either flat, bevelled or half round.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
7)
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a carriage wheel constructed according to my inven-
tion. Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section of figure 1; taken through the dotted
lines A B, the spoke of the wheel being shown in elevation. Figure 3 is a portion
of a carriage wheel upon a larger scale, so as to better exhibit the more important
parts in detail. Figure 4 is a portion of the felloes (in section) and figure 5 is the
removable screw socket, the rotation of which upon the outer ends of the spokes,
presses outwardly the felloes, which bring the rubber facing up to its bearing
within the inside face of the tyre. Figure 6 is one of the spokes, showing the
screwed upper end, the lower end may be left round or provided with facets, so as
to keep it in one position with respect to the hub... Figure 7 is a front elevation of
a tram wheel constructed according to my invention, and figure 8 is a transverse
vertical section of the said wheel. In this arrangement, the yielding facing between
the tyre and the felloe, lies within a groove. Figure 9 is a sectional portion of
figure 7 upon a larger scale.
'
"
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
Drawings.
a is the hub or wheel centre encircled by a ring or spoke carrier b, provided with
spoke bosses be situated at equi-distant points around the said spoke carrier, the
said bosses have sockets 63 formed within them, as best seen in figures 2 and 4;
and within these sockets or holes, the lower ends of the spokes c c take., d d are
the segmental felloes, and e is a facing or band of india-rubber or other yielding or
vibration intercepting material. The said facing may be in a continuous ring, or
it may be in uniform segmental pieces which lie upon the outer top edge of the
felloes in exactly the same way as the continuous ring does. fis,the, tyre which
encloses and seats itself upon the yielding facing e. d are holes in the felloes in
which the screwed end c² of the spokes c take.. g is a screw box or nut turning.
upon the wormed end c² of the spoke for tightening up the parts to the tyre.
The tightening up and the bringing together of the parts of the rim of the
wheel is effected by rotating the screw box or nut g which presses outwardly the
felloe d, and thereby forcing the rubber facing e into intimate or close, contact with
the inside of the face of the tyre; that is to say, the felloes of the wheel are
expanded outwardly or towards the inside face of the tyre by the screwing up
of the screw box or nut g which increases the distance between the inside face of
the felloe and the wheel centre, and so giving the necessary tension or tightening
up of the spokes which forcibly compress the rubber facing between the outside
surfaces as described, which results in the production of an anti-vibration wheel
for carriages and other wheeled vehicles, the interposition of the yielding facing
intercepts the vibration or concussion, and renders the wheel perfectly, tremorless.
Figure 7 represents in elevation a tram car wheel provided with a yielding
facing of india-rubber or other suitable material interposed between the felloe and
the underside of the combined, tyre and rim. is the tyre, i is the yielding facing
or rubber, and is the segmental felloe,, which is forced outwardly for bringing the
rubber facing to its proper bearing on the inside face of the tyre by the screw
nut taking upon the wormed end of the spokes 1, the two ends of which
terminate respectively within, sockets or holes in the hub and in the felloes, as
before described with regard to the wheel of an ordinary carriage as represented

page_text: in figure 1. m is a lock nut for preventing the return or loosening of the nut k.
The felloes j and the rubber or yielding facing i for intercepting vibration or
tremor, lies and seats themselves within a channel or groove h³ made on the inside
face of the tyre h. The groove h² also keeps the felloes perfectly in position and
prevents any lateral movement.thereof.
The facings of rubber may be made in segments or they may be made in a
single piece in the form of a ring, which may be of any desired section to suit the
kind of wheels to which it is to be applied, and the insides of the tyres and the
outsides of the felloes may be concave, flat, grooved or of any desired section in
which the facing or vibration interceptor, in the form of yielding material is
placed and seats.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. Interposing between the tyre and the felloes of wheels facings or layers
of india-rubber or other yielding material for the purpose of intercepting tremor,
vibration or concussion imparted to the said wheel on passing over irregularities in
following its road of traction, substantially as described and illustrated in figures 1
to 3 both inclusive of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The improvements in the construction of wheels herein before
described and illustrated in figures 1 to 7 both inclusive of the accompanying
Drawings consisting of felloes d and india-rubber or anti-vibration medium e
interposed between the felloes and the inside face of the tyre, the requisite tension
or the forcing up of the felloes into position for the compression of the rubber to
the tyre being effected, by a screw box or nut taking upon the screwed end of the
spokes; also the annular hub rim provided with socket projections or sockets for
carrying the spokes, the parts being arranged, combined and acting in the manner
and for the purpose as described and set forth.
Thirdly. The construction of tram or railway wheels hereinbefore described and
set forth in figures 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying Drawings.
WILLIAM EDWARDS.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent to the Applicant.