Improvements in the Manufacture of Chenille Rugs and Carpets.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 9th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 13th July, 1888
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chenille Rugs and Carpets.
I, JOHN LYLE, Junior, of the firm of Jolin Lyle and Company, Carpet Manufacturers
of 10 Fordneuk Street, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to and comprises the manufacture of a new or improved
chenille fabric suitable for rugs and carpets, for giving to these the effect peculiar to
Turkish and Persian carpets on both sides of the fabric, and especially on the back
where the same pattern and colors are only faintly shewn or given between the shots
of "shoot or strong backing which forms the main ground on the back, and subdues
the general effect combined with it's own color.
The nature and novelty of the Invention consist all as follows:-
The pattern is woven first in chenille rounded or twisted fur, the same as at present
used for curtains or reversible rugs, which usually show the pattern through and
through or equally on both sides, each side thus showing the same pattern; but by
the present Improvements is only shown faintly on the back, combined with the color
effect of the shoot or strong weft backing. According to my Invention I set the
chenille pattern fur with a jute or other material for the "shoot" or strong backing,
in such a way as to cause the fur to come through only in part between each shot of
this "shoot" on the underside, which in combination with the backing gives the said
desired subdued effect of the pattern shown on the front side given in some Turkish
and Persian carpets and rugs.
This I effect under one arrangement of the warp with a catch warp alternating
through the reeds and heddles with a strong dead warp, and after weaving a first
inch or two of ordinary cloth at the commencement of each rug or piece of carpet,
I shuttle a shot of chenille fur, alternately with a shot of "shoot or strong backing,
always shedding the fine catch warp up and the dead warp down while throwing the
chenille weft, and the reverse, that is the dead warp is shed up and the catch warp

page_text: down while throwing the shot of "shoot," or strong backing. And when beat up by
the lathe the strong dead warp has the effect of throwing up the greater part of the
chenille weft to the upper surface, and the "shoot" or backing all on the under
surface, the chenille being beat up over the "shoot" or backing, and only leaving a
slight part of the chenille to be passed down through between each shot of the backing,
this only showing the catch warp across the "shoot" or back weft, and hiding the
dead warp both on the back and front of the fabric, and so giving the effect on the
back desired, and brighter colors on the front than in ordinary double surface chenille
rugs or carpets.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chenille Rugs and Carpets.
I, JOHN LYLE, Junior, of the firm of John Lyle and Company, Carpet Manufacturers,
of 10 Fordneuk Street, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had to
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :—
My said Invention has reference to and comprises the manufacture of a new or
improved chenille fabric suitable for rugs and carpets, for giving to these the effect
peculiar to Turkish and Persian carpets on both sides of the fabric, and especially new
in giving this effect on the back where the same pattern and colours are only faintly
shown or given between the shots of "shoot" or strong backing which forms the
main ground on the back, and subdues the general effect combined with its own
colour.
And in order that my said invention, and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice, may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory Sheet of Drawings, in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the Figures where shown.
or
Figure 1 shows a diagram of the two heddles A, B, as shedding their respective
catch warp a and dead warp b, for setting and throwing the chenille pattern fur
weft c, within the shed in front of the reed C, for being beat up, and showing this
mainly on the top surface of the fabric and dead warp b. Figure 2 shows the position
and shedding of the heddles A, B, and warp a, b, for throwing the "shoot"
backing weft d, and beating it up by the reed C, to show wholly on the back of the
fabric and warp b. Figure 3 shows a diagram view, to an enlarged scale, of the
chenille pattern fur weft c, and backing or shoot weft d loosely opened out as they
are thrown on the upper and under sides respectively of the body or dead warp b, b,
and bound thereto by the alternate up and down shedding of the catch warp a, through
or across the body warp b, to bind these wefts c and d on their respective sides of the
fabric. Figures 4 and 5 show diagram views of the upper and under sides respectively
of one fourth of a rug pattern, to illustrate the effect of this new method of weaving
such chenille rugs or fabrics, in which the pattern and colours are seen in sharp and
bright effect on the upper surface, unobscured by the "shoot" or backing 4, while
the same chenille pattern effect is seen on the underside through the body or dead
warp b, more faintly subdued by the alternate shots of the "shoot" or back weft d,
and proportionate to the subduing effect of the colour and weight or size of the
respective warp and weft d, through which the chenille pattern weft c has
on the underside.
C
show

page_text: Referring to these Drawings :-The nature and novelty of my invention consist all
as follows:-
The pattern is woven first in chenille rounded or twisted fur, the same as at present
used for curtains or reversible rugs, which usually show the pattern of the chenille
weft e through and through or equally on both sides, each side thus showing the same
sharpness and brightness of pattern. But by the present improvements is only shown
faintly on the back, combined with the colour shading or subduing effect of the shoot
or strong weft backing d and combined with a proportionally stronger or brighter
effect of the colours and pattern on the front side of the fabric. According to my
invention, I set and throw the chenille pattern fur c, with a jute or other material for
the "shoot" or strong backing d, in such a way as to cause the fur to come through
only in part between each shot of this "shoot" d on the underside, as seen more
particularly in Figure 3, which in combination with the backing gives the said
desired subdued effect of the pattern as shown on the back in Figure 5, or as given
on the back side in some Turkish and Persian carpets and rugs. This 1 effect under
one arrangement of the warp with a catch a shed by one heddle A alternating through
the reeds and heddles C, with a strong dead warp woven in the centre of the fabric, as
seen in Figure 3, and after weaving a first inch or so of ordinary cloth at the
commencement of each rug or piece of carpet, as indicated at in Figures 1 and 2
and 4 and 5, I shuttle a shot of the pattern chenille fur c alternately with a shot
of "shoot" or strong backing d always shedding the fine catch warp a up and the
dead warp down while throwing the chenille weft c, as shown in Figure 1, and the
reverse; that is, the dead warp bis shed up and the catch warp a down while throwing
the shot of "shoot" or strong backing d, as shown in Figure 2. And when beat up
by the reed C, and its lathe, the strong dead warp & has the effect of throwing up the
greater part of the chenille weft e to the upper surface, and the "shoot" or backing d,
all on the under surface, the chenille c being beat up over the shoot or backing d, and
only leaving a slight part of the chenille e to be passed down through between each
shot of the backing d, as seen all particularly in Figure 3, thus only showing the
catch warp a across the "shoot" or back weft d, and hiding the dead warp & both on
the back and front of the fabric, and so giving the effect on the back desired, as shown
in Figure 5, and giving a proportionally sharper effect and brighter colours of the
pattern on the front or upper side, as seen particularly in Figure 4, than in ordinary
double surface chenille rugs or carpets.
-
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,
Firsi. The manufacture of chenille fabric for rugs and carpets, substantially as and
in the manner and for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Second. The manufacture of chenille rugs and carpets in which the chenille pattern
weft is all set and thrown above a body warp, alternately with a shot of heavy weft
"shoot" or backing, all on the opposite or under side of the dead body warp, both
wefts being secured by a catch warp shed between the body warp, all substantially as
and for the purposes and advantages herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Datad this 9th day of June 1888