Improvements in the Manufacture of Wall Paper and the like and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Wall Paper and the like and in
Apparatus therefor.
I, GEORGE THOMAS OLIVER, of 4, Hale Bank, Ditton, in the County of Lancaster
Chemical Expert, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the manufacture of wall coverings and the like
which shall give an effect very similar on the flat to that given when the pattern
is in relief, and the invention consists essentially in forming in wood, paper, or
other material a relief model of the pattern and then dusting this with very fine
white or blue powder in a direction nearly in line with it from one side or the
top so that the white powder shall fall on that one side or the top of the relief
projections and not on the other. The powder and relief model is then photo-
graphed and from the photograph an image on a roller, plate or lithographic stone
is made. I prefer the engraved roller. The engraved roller is now mounted with
ball bearings on mandrels and the wall paper or other like material is printed from
it in the usual manner. In carrying out my invention I make a carving or pattern
in relief or in intaglio in any desired material. If it be in intaglio a male im-
pression is made from this. The relief pattern is now preferably placed with its
surface nearly vertical and is dusted with fine white or blue powder until such time
as the parts in relief are sufficiently whitened on the upper side. I then photo-
graph it in chromo gelatine or the like and eat out the pattern in the usual manner
and from this obtain a picture in transfer ink. I then heat a copper cylinder or
roller and transfer this picture to the copper cylinder and powder over the picture
on the copper with extremely fine resin. The circumference of the copper cylinder
and the length of the picture are so adjusted as to be exactly equal to each other.
I then carefully brush away all the loose resin and immerse the roller in an acid
solution until it is sufficiently eaten away in the unexposed parts. The roller is
now cleaned and is ready for printing in ordinary course. During this process
I prefer to touch up the high lights and I also block out from the design with a
resisting material those parts which are to be coloured differently by means of
another roller. The other roller or rollers are made in a similar manner the parts
depicted on the previous roller or rollers being in such case blocked out, and the
rest left clear. By thus having a roller for each colour any desired multi-coloured
design can be reproduced and whether in monochrome or in multiple colour the
designs are produced very much more cheaply and with a better effect than where
the whole has to be carefully worked out by the artist. The copper rollers which
must all be of exactly the same diameter are mounted on ball bearings on mandrels
and where there are several rollers each roller is used on the same web successively
one roller only being used at a time or two or more rollers are geared together
with gearing so as to run absolutely synchronously and print successively on to
the same web. In carrying out the printing operation the rollers being mounted
as already described and arranged so as to exactly register with each other a
roller is placed immediately above each and the web of paper is drawn through

page_text: between them from the delivery roll to the receiving roll a sufficient length being
placed between them for the ink to dry sufficient to enable the stuff to wind on the
delivery roll without_smudging. For this purpose bearing rolls or pulleys are
placed at intervals. In order to be able to at once take a roller out or put it in
one of the mandrels is hinged at a given point so that the roller with its mandrels
can be swung out or swung back and then the other end adjusted by a screw.
Dated the 28th day of March 1898.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Wall Paper and the like and in
Apparatus therefor.
I, GEORGE THOMAS OLIVER, of 4, Hale Bank, Ditton, in the County of Lancaster,
Chemical Expert, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
―
This invention has for its object the manufacture of wall coverings and the like,
which shall give an effect very similar on the flat to that given when the pattern
is in relief, and the invention consists essentially in forming in wood paper or
other material a relief model of the pattern desired, and then dusting this with
very fine white or blue powder in a direction nearly in line with it from one side
or the top or in a line at any angle between these two, so that the white powder
shall fall in the direction of that line on the side or top or both of the relief pro-
jections and not on the other side or bottom. The powder and relief model is then
photographed and from the photograph an image on a roller, plate, or lithographic
stone, is made. I prefer the engraved roller. The engraved roller is now mounted
with ball bearings on mandrels and the wall paper or other like material is printed
from it in the usual manner.
The invention is best described by aid of the accompanying drawings, in which,
Fig. 1 is a view partly in section of the cylinder, the ball bearings and the
frame supporting the cylinder and the web roller above.
Fig. 2 a somewhat diagrammatic elevation of the apparatus.
In these A is a mandrel fixed at one end B and adjustable by means of screw C
at the other end. D) is a ball bearing working on a fillet of the mandrel. A
similar fillet is show in dotted lines at the other end of the mandrel and has there
a ball bearing not shown. The ball bearing is in two parts divided at the line E
so that it can be run in on both sides of the cylinder F. On this cylinder the
design is made in the manner already described. G is the frame-work supporting
this bearing. H is the web of paper, I & J two rollers from one of which the web
is rolled on to the other. KK are supports for the web, & L a steam chamber.
M a doctor for cleaning off any surplus of colouring matter from the roller. N a
trough in which colouring matter is applied by means of a revolving cylinder or
any other appliance wellknown in the trade. In carrying out the invention in
detail, I make a carving or pattern in relief or in intaglio in any desired material.
If it be in intaglio a male impression is obtained from this. The relief pattern
is now placed with its surface nearly vertical but slightly tilted so as to stand
on one corner. It is now dusted with fine white or blue powder such as powdered
silicate until such time as the parts in relief are sufficiently whitened on the upper
side. I then photograph it in chromo gelatine or the like and eat out the pattern
in the usual manner and from this obtain a picture in transfer ink. I then heat

page_text: the copper cylinder or roller F and transfer this picture to this copper cylinder
and powder over the picture on the copper with extremely fine powdered resin.
The circumference of the copper cylinder and the length of the picture are so
adjusted as to exactly equal each other. I then carefully brush away all the loose
resin and immerse the roller in an acid solution in the usual manner until it is
sufficiently eaten away in the exposed parts. The roller is then cleaned and is
ready for printing in the ordinary manner. During the preparation of the roller
I prefer to touch up the high lights and also to block out from the design with
a resisting material those parts which are to be coloured differently by means of
another roller. The other roller or rollers are made in a similar manner, the parts
depicted on the one roller being in such case blocked out from the other roller or
rollers, the rest being left clear. By thus having a roller for each colour any
design desired, multi-coloured design, can be reproduced and whether in mono-
chrome or in multiple colour the designs are produced more cheaply and with a
better effect than where the whole has to be carefully worked out by the artist.
The copper rollers must however all be of exactly the same diameter. They should
be mounted on ball bearings on mandrels also of exactly the same diameter, and
geared, so as to run absolutely synchronously one with another. If then they be
adjusted correctly in the first instance they will print and register exactly with
each other. The roller P round which the web H revolves is pressed against
roller F by the usual means and to the required degree of force to obtain proper
printing and the length of the web between roller P and roller I on which it is
wound is sufficient for the ink to dry or set on the passage so as to roll without
smudging, hence the use of the bearing rolls or pulleys K placed at intervals. In
order to enable one to take the roller out or put it in without difficulty the
mandrel B is hinged so that the roller and its mandrels can be swung out and
swung back to the other end when in position, being adjusted and held by the
screw C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The method of forming an effect on the flat similar to a pattern in relief,
which consists in forming a model in relief on the flat, dusting it in one direction
with white or blue powder and then photographing it, and printing from the
photograph substantially as described.
2. The apparatus for printing wall papers and the like arranged and constructed
substantially as herein set forth.
stantially as nerein set forth.
Dated this 28th day of December 1898.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents, of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham and London.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents, of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham and London.
'OLOT
11380T