A New or Improved Manufacture of Barrels.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 14th July, 1894
´omplete Specification Left, 11th Apr. 1895-Accepted, 6th July, 1895
A New or Improved Manufacture of Barrels.
I, EDWARD REDMAN, of 18 Ainslie Street, Barrow-in-Furness, in the County
of Lancashire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
In order to make the nature of my invention clear and readily intelligible I shall
proceed to describe one way of carrying it into effect in order to produce a barrel
offering certain advantages.
I take, in order to construct a barrel, a rectangular or nearly rectangular sheet
of suitable metal, and this I provide with suitable corrugations by any suitable
I then bend the
means, as for example by passing it between corrugating rolls.
said sheet into a curve corresponding with the bilge or belly which the contemplated
barrel is to have. Next I take the sheet so corrugated and so curved (the channel
of the bilge curve being at right angles to the channels of the corrugations) and
pass the same through nesting rolls which approach more closely together at the
centre than towards the ends. The effect of this is to squeeze more closely (or in
other words to flatten) those parts of the corrugations which are towards the centre
of the sheet (or in other words at the bottom of the bilge curve), than those parts
of the corrugations which are towards the edges, and to cause the sheet to be curved
round in a direction at right angles to the bilge curve and so as to bring opposite
edges of the sheet together so as to form a bellied tube, or barrel body, when the
said edges are attached to one another. The said edges 1 attach together in the
form of a seam of any convenient known kind: but I contemplate forming a seam
as follows. I cause the edges of the plate to overlap one another for the distance
of one or more corrugations and then sweat the said overlapping parts together.
Another form of seam, the employment of which I contemplate, is one produced
by first forming at a distance of an inch or thereabouts from each edge, a deep
narrow corrugation the said corrugations being formed from opposite surfaces of
the sheet so that when the edges are caused to overlap one of the said deep
corrugations shall fit into the other and both will now project radially inwards
towards the geometric axis of the barrel body. I then by means of a suitable
tool squeeze the fitting parts together and sweat them into a solid seam.
At any convenient stage of the operation of constructing a barrel body as afore-
said I prepare those edges of the barrel body which are to receive the heads of the
barrel in any convenient known way: but! contemplate flaring the ends of the said
barrel body for the purpose of receiving barrel ends or heads suitably stamped.
A suitable form for a head as contemplated consists of a stamped disc having close
to the periphery two annular channels or grooves passing from opposite surfaces of
the said discs and such that a section of the metal through the said grooves
resembles or suggests the letter S. In order to attach the heads I first compress
the free edges or ends of the barrel body in a suitable squeezing machine or device
so as to close up so to speak the corrugations to a certain extent. I then pass the
flared ends of the barrel body into the outermost of the said annular channels and
then by means of any convenient machine I compress the walls of the said
channel tightly upon the ends of the barrel body and make tight by soldering or
otherwise.

page_text: I may when desired provide my barrels with one or more annular ridges or
corrugations round the middle of the barrel body for the purpose of convenience
in rolling or I may shrink a hoop or hoops upon the said part for the same
purpose.
I may provide my barrels with a bung hole formed in any known way.
Dated this 14th day of July 1894
A New or Improved Manufacture of Barrels.
I, EDWARD REDMAN, of New Park Street, Leeds, in the County of York (late
of 18 Ainslie Street, Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of Lancashire), Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In order to make the nature of my invention clear and readily intelligible
I shall proceed to describe how I carry it into effect in order to produce a
barrel. For the purposes of such description I shall refer to the accompanying
sheet of drawings in which
Figure 1 represents the sheet from which the barrel-body is made.
Figure 2 represents the same after it has been corrugated.
Figure 3 represents the rough curve given to the end of the corrugated plate to
enable it to enter the nesting rolls.
Figures 4 and 5 represent one form of joint.
Figure 6 represents the barrel-body before the ends are straightened.
Figure 7 represents the barrel-body after the ends have been straightened.
Figure 8 represents in perspective the end of the barrel-body with the head
thereon.
Figure 9 is a section of a convenient form of barrel head.
:
In the said drawings similar letters of reference indicate similar parts and
the dimensions which I shall hereinafter give are those of an actual barrel
constructed under my invention to hold 43 gallons approximately.
In order to construct such a barrel I take a rectangular sheet of suitable
metal, say of steel, the length of the longer sides a and c being 78 inches and
the width of the sheets (or the length of the shorter sides b and d) being
32 inches. This sheet I corrugate in the direction of the width of the sheet by
any suitable means, for example by passing it between corrugating rolls, and then
I obtain a sheet as shown in Figure 2, the corrugations (which are about one inch
pitch) extending from one to the other of the longer sides of the sheet or in other
words parallel with the sides band d. This operation shortens the sheet by about
one-fifth. I then place one end (say b) of the plate between dies so as to curve the
same in the direction of the corrugations as is shown in Figure 3, for the purpose
of enabling the sheet easily to enter between nesting rolls.
These nesting rolls are shown in Figure 10 in which figure F is the upper or
convex roller and G is the lower or concave roller. It will be seen that the
curvatures of these two rollers are different, that of roller G having a greater
radius than that of roller F. The effect of this is that the two rollers lie more
closely together towards the centre than towards the ends of the said rollers, as is
clearly seen in the figure. The consequence is that when I now pass the sheet
between the said rollers it is nipped more tightly at the centre than towards the edges.
The effect of this is to flatten those parts of the channels which are towards the
centre of the sheet (or in other words what will be the centre or belly of the
finished barrel) and to cause the said sheet to be curved round until the opposite

page_text: ends 6 and d of the sheet approach one another. When the said ende band d are
brought in contact the sheet is now in the form of a bellied tube or barrel-body, the
corrugations running in the direction of the length of the said bellied tube or
barrel-body. The ends of the sheet are now attached to one another in this
position by any convenient means. One convenient way is to cause one of these to
overlap the other for the distance of two or more corrugations, rivet them (the
rivet holes having been formed before the sheet was passed through the nesting
rolls) and then sweat or solder the said overlapping parts together. Another con-
venient form of seam for the said edges b and d is formed in the manner shown in
Figures 4 and 5. About an inch from each of the edges b and d a deep and narrow
channel m is formed in such manner that when the two edges are brought into
overlapping position as shown in Figure 5 one of the said deep and narrow channels
enters the other, so that they now both project toward the geometric axis of the
barrel, and lie parallel thereto. The said channels are now squeezed tightly
together in the direction of the arrows and sweated or soldered so as to form a
close joint. I now straighten out the ends of the bellied tube or barrel-body so
that they shall take the form of the ends of a true cylinder and at the same
time I compress these ends so as to slightly flatten the channels and at the same
time lessen the diameter of the cylinder at the said part. This is shown in Figure 7
of the drawings the said ends being indicated at xx. I now pass the ends of the
barrel-body into suitably shaped heads. A convenient form of head consists of
a stamped dise of the form shown in section in Figure 9 and in perspective in
Figure 8. Having placed such a head in position upon the end of a barrel-body I
compress the two sides y y of the channel Y upon the end and make tight by
dipping or soldering in the usual way.
As a material for my barrel I prefer to employ Siemens-Martin steel of about
1880 of an inch in thickness.
For convenience of illustration I have represented Figures 6 and 8 without the
corrugations and Figure 7 by a simple line.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of manufacturing barrels substantially as set forth.
2. The method of curving the barrel body so as to obtain the curve between the
ends substantially as set forth.
3. A barrel or cask of the form and construction herein set forth.
1 1002
Dated the ion day
day of
J. G. LORRAIN, M. Inst. E.E., M. Inst. M.E.,
Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent.