IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND FORCING FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Deans and Edward Henry Deans, both of Leeds,
in the County of York, Engineers, and John William Deans, of Selby, in
the same County, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY
APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND FORCING FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAI. SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Deans, Edward
Henry Deans, and John William Deans at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 27th July 1880.
CHARLES DEANS and EDWARD HENRY DEANS, both of Leeds, in the County
of York, Engineers, and JOHN WILLIAM DEANS, of Selby, in the same County,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND FORCING
FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
Our Invention has reference to rotary apparatus for drawing and forcing fluids
for various purposes, and is applicable to the pumping of water or other liquids or
matter, or of air in combination with water or other liquids or matter capable of
being acted on by pumps, and discharging the same in an almost continuous
stream, for pumping and compressing air, for exhausting air and water from the
condensers of steam engines, holds of ships, or other vessels or rooms, and for
blowing and ventilating purposes generally.
We use a metallic cylinder accurately bored and provided with a cover at each
end; one such cover may be formed in a piece with the cylinder. In the centre of
each end or cover we provide a fluid tight gland or bearing each to receive one of
two rotating shafts; these shafts for greater steadiness may be provided with a
second bearing. Each of these shafts carries a radial piston suitably packed to fit
the bore and ends of the cylinder, and the boss of the other piston (the boss of each
piston being equal to half the depth of the cylinder in which it revolves), but not
so tight as to interfere with the pistons moving freely in the cylinder. The pistons.
receive intermittent and alternate revolving motion from suitably arranged gearing.
always in one direction, and each makes but one revolution at a time. During the
time that one of the said pistons is revolving the other remains stationary, and

page_text: fixed by suitable mechanism between inlet and outlet ports formed longitudinally
in the side of the cylinder, the piston for the time being stationary forming a stop
or resisting point for the compressive action of the water, air, or other matter being
acted on by the moving piston in its angular or revolving movement within the
cylinder. A short time before the piston that is for the time being moving
completes its revolution, the other piston is mechanically and automatically released
from its fixed position between the inlet and outlet ports, so as to allow of the
moving piston taking its place, whereupon the piston that was the moving one
becomes fixed between the inlet and outlet ports of the cylinder, and thus forms in
its turn the stop or resisting point above referred to. In this way the two pistons
continually change their functions, each becoming in turn the stop or resisting point
and the moveable piston, thus effecting an almost continuous in and out flow
of the liquid or fluid matter acted on. The inlet and outlet ports of the cylinder
are each fitted with one or more valves, as may be necessary for the easy flow of
such liquid or fluid.
The apparatus may be driven by hand or power.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Deans, Edward Henry Deans, & John William Deans in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th January 1881.
CHARLES DEANS and EDWARD HENRY DEANS, both of Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineers, and JOHN WILLIAM DEANS, of Selby, in the same County,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND FORCING
FLUIDS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
Our Invention has reference to rotary apparatus for drawing and forcing fluids
for various purposes, and is applicable to the pumping of water or other liquids or
matter, or of air in combination with water or other liquids or matter capable of
being acted on by pumps, and discharging the same, and compressing air, for
exhausting air and water from the condensers of steam engines, holds of ships or
other vessels or rooms and for blowing and ventilating purposes generally. We use a
metallic cylinder accurately bored and provided with a cover at each end, one such
cover may be formed in a piece with the cylinder. In the centre of each end or cover
we provide a fluid tight gland or bearing, each to receive one of two rotating
shafts; these shafts for greater steadiness may be provided with a second bearing.
On each of these shafts is mounted a radial piston suitably packed to fit the bore
and ends of the cylinder and the boss of the other piston, the boss of each piston
being equal to half the depth or length of the cylinder in which it revolves, but
not so tight as to interfere with the pistons moving freely in the cylinder. The
pistons receive intermittent and alternate revolviing motion from suitably arranged
gearing and always in one direction, and each makes but one revolution at a time.

page_text: During the time that one of the said pistons is revolving the other remains
stationary, and fixed by suitable mechanism between inlet and outlet ports formed
longitudinally in the side of the cylinder, the piston for the time being stationary
forming a stop or resisting point for the compressive action of the water, air, or
other matter being acted upon by the moving piston in its angular or revolving
movement within the cylinder. A short time before the piston that is for the time
being moving completes its revolution, the other piston is mechanically and
automatically released from its fixed position between the inlet and outlet ports,
so as to allow of the moving piston taking its place, whereupon the piston that was
the moving one becomes fixed between the inlet and outlet ports of the cylinder,
and thus forms in its turn the stop or resisting point above referred to. In this
way the two pistons continually change their functions, each becoming in turn the
stop or resisting point and the moveable piston, thus effecting an almost continuous
in and out flow of the liquid or fluid matter acted upon. The inlet and outlet
ports of the cylinder are each fitted with one or more valves, as may be necessary
for the easy flow of such liquid or fluid. The apparatus may be driven by hand or
power. And in order that our said Invention and the manner of carrying the same
into practical effect may be fully and properly understood, we now proceed to
describe the accompanying Sheet of explanatory Drawings. Fig. 1 is an end
elevation of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a front view of the valve casing; Fig. 3 is a
sectional elevation of the cylinder shewing the perforated or grate-like inlet and
outlet ports; Fig. 4 is a cross sectional elevation; Fig. 5 is a plan partly in section ;
and Fig. 6 is a side elevation. A is the working cylinder; B is the framework
upon which it and the driving gear is mounted; C and D are the first and second
driving shafts; E, the driving pulleys (but other modes of driving may be used);
E1 and E2 are pinions giving motion to two driving wheels F and F 1, which take
into and drive the two followers or piston wheels G, G 1, on the shafts H, H 1;
I, I 1, are the piston bosses or centres; J,J 1, are the radial pistons, which in this
case are shewn morticed into and carried by said bosses or centres, but which may
be of one piece with said bosses and shafts if desired. The piston J is shewn in
the fixed position and locked therein by means of the cam K, lever L, and lever M,
the box end of which embraces the square stud N in the follower or piston wheel G.
Both pistons are similarly provided with square locking studs N or N 1, and
levers L or L 1, and M or M 1. P, P1, are tappets or controlling teeth fixed on the
inside of the two driving wheels F, F 1, and each of which in the revolution of the
said wheels alternately comes in contact and gears with the teeth Q, Q1, or Q2, Q3,
on the piston wheels. On each piston wheel there is a segment of the periphery
without teeth, and at the back of the wheel opposite to such segment there is fixed
a plate with two teeth forming a small portion of the rim of a spur wheel, concentric
with the wheel to which it is attached, but of such a pitch as to gear with the
tappet tooth, P or P 1, which comes into gear with the first of the said teeth before
the teeth of the piston wheel go out of gear with the teeth on the driving wheel,
and at the next revolution comes into gear with the second tooth to put the piston
wheel in motion and carry the teeth safely into gear with the teeth of the driving
wheel. On the above named plate which forms the portion of a spur wheel there
is a steadying piece Q4, Q5, which follows up and bears against the back of
the tappet P, P1, as it wipes out of gear with the tooth Q1, Q3, for the
prevention of back-lash in the teeth of the driving and piston wheels during the
change of functions of the two pistons. The operation of the machine is as follows:-
Supposing the ports to be in the positions shewn in Fig. 4, that is, with the
piston J 1 moving and the piston J locked between the inlet and outlet ports, its
wheel being out of gear with the driving wheel F; then in course of the revolution
of the wheel F the roller R passes under the end of and lifts the lever M (and also
the levers L, L 1, and M 1, which are all keyed on the same shaft), and allows the
studs N or N1 to pass into or out of the box ends of the levers M, M 1, and at the
same time the tappet tooth P catches the tooth Q1, and sets the wheel G in
gear with the rotating wheel F, thereby putting the piston J in motion.

page_text: Simultaneously with the above described operations in connection with the
piston J, the wheel G 1 attached to the piston Ji has been thrown out of gear with its
driving wheel, and the piston has been secured between the outlet and inlet ports
by the box end of the lever M 1 engaging with the stud N 1 on the wheel G 1.
The certainty of either piston being locked in position is assured by the use of
cam K, which by its full or concentric part depresses the lever L, and causes the
box ends of the levers M and M 1 to embrace at the proper moment the locking
studs N and N1 as required. During the next revolution of the driving
wheels F and F1, the said tappet or controlling teeth P and P1 take or act
respectively, the former on to the tooth Q, thus putting the ordinary teeth of the
wheel G out of gear with the driving wheel F, the latter on to Q3, thus putting the
wheel G1 into gear with the driving wheel F 1, and thereby changing the
functions of the fixed and moving pistons into those of moving and fixed ones, the
like reversal taking place at every revolution of the driving wheels F and F 1.
S is the suction valve, and T the delivery valve, the latter of which may be
dispensed with when the water or other liquid can be delivered at or near the same
level as the rotary apparatus, or when the apparatus is used as an air exhauster or
ventilator.
Having now particularly described the nature of our said Invention, and
explained the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to
be understood that what we consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim
as secured to us under the above in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1. The improved rotary apparatus for drawing and forcing fluids, constructed,
arranged, and operating substantially as described and shewn in the Drawings.
2. In a rotary apparatus for drawing and forcing fluids, the use of two radial
pistons, each of which is alternately stationary and revolving, substantially as
described.
3. In a rotary apparatus for drawing and forcing fluids, the use in combination
with two radial pistons of intermittent driving gear, whereby the functions of the
said pistons are alternately changed by rendering them alternately fixed and
moving, substantially as and for the purposes herein described.
4. In a rotary apparatus for drawing and forcing fluids, the use in combination
with two radial pistons of mechanism for alternately locking and releasing each
of the said pistons, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
5. The combination in a rotary apparatus for drawing and forcing fluids of two
radial pistons and mechanism for alternately actuating, changing, locking, and
releasing the same, substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Deans, Edward Henry Deans, and
John William Deans, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty second day of January, in the year of Our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
CHARLES DEANS.
(L.S.)
EDWARD HENRY DEANS. (L.S.)
JOHN WILLIAM DEANS. (L.S.)
CHARLES DEANS.
(L.S.)
EDWARD HENRY DEANS. (L.S.)
JOHN WILLIAM DEANS.
(L.S.)