Im- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF WIRE LATTICEWORK OR WIRE NETTING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Baker, the younger, of Birmingham, in
the, County of Warwick, Wireworker, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF
WIRE LATTICEWORK OR WIRE NETTING."
Sealed the 24th March 1876, and dated the 14th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Baker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th October 1875.
I, GEORGE BAKER, the younger, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Wireworker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN
KINDS OF WIRE LATTICEWORK OR WIRE NETTING," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to machinery for the manufacture of
wire latticework or wire netting of the kinds commonly called pegged
latticework.

page_text: My Invention consists in combining with or adapting to the said
machinery mechanism constructed as herein-after described for working
the said machinery by steam or other motive power.
In order that my Invention may be the better understood I will
describe generally the working parts of the said machinery.
5
The series of pairs of wires from which the pegged latticework or wire
netting is to be made are fed through holes in divided cylindrical rods
provided with pinions; these divided rods are commonly called "split
pinions." The two wires of each pair are carried respectively in the
halves of the rods described; these divided rods or "split pinions" have 1
a rotatory motion given to them for twisting the wires by a reciprocating
rack. The said rods or split pinions are carried by and turn in two
slides or carriers, one half of each split pinion being situated in one slide
or carrier, and the other half in the other slide or carrier. These slides
or carriers have a reciprocating motion given to them in opposite ]
directions for the purpose of forming in conjunction with the pegs of a
pegged roller the meshes of the latticework or wire netting.
The pegged roller described has a slow rotatory motion given to it,
and besides serving to shape the meshes of the wire latticework also
draws forward the wires and carries away the finished latticework. The s
reciprocating motion of the rack for giving motion to the divided rods
or split pinions, the reciprocating motion of the slides or carriers of the
divided rods or split pinions for forming the meshes, and the slow
rotatory motion of the pegged roller are effected by hand.
According to my Invention I work the said parts by steam or other
motive power by means of the following mechanism :-At one end of
the pegged roller and at right angles thereto I mount a horizontal
driving shaft provided with a driving pulley and fly wheel. This shaft
carries a worm, which gears with a worm wheel on the end of the
pegged roller, and thereby communicates a slow rotatory motion to the
said pegged roller. Below the driving shaft and parallel therewith is a
second or cam shaft for giving the required reciprocating motion to the
slides or carriers of the divided rods or "split pinions" carrying the
wires. This cam shaft is driven from the driving shaft by a pinion on
the latter gearing with a toothed wheel on the former. The two slides
or carriers are connected by pins and slots to the ends of oscillating
links, so that they move in opposite directions. One of the said slides

page_text: is prolonged, and has a roller on opposite sides of the prolonged part.
Cams on the cam shaft alternately act upon these rollers, one cam
giving the advance motion to the slide, and the other cam giving the
return motion. By the reciprocating motion of this slide and the
coupling together of the two slides by the oscillating link described
the required motions are given to the said slides. On the end of the
cam shaft is a crank or, eccentric, which crank or eccentric is connected
by a connecting rod to the rack, by which a rotatory motion is given to
the divided rods or split pinions, and the wires in the said pinions
twisted at the proper times.
In order to throw the machinery rapidly into and out of gear with
the driving power I make the driving pulley turn loosely on the driving
shaft, and provide the said driving shaft with a sliding clutch connected
to the shaft by a sliding key. By means of a forked lever worked by
hand or by a treadle this sliding clutch can be geared with the driving
pulley, and the machine set in motion or be ungeared from the said
driving pulley, and the machine brought to rest.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Baker in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 31st March 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BAKER, the younger, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Wire-
worker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said George Baker, Her
special license, that I, the said George Baker, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Baker,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain

page_text: The pegged roller described has a slow rotatory motion given to it,
and besides serving to shape the meshes of the wire latticework, also
draws forward the wires and carries away the finished latticework. The
reciprocating motion of the rack for giving motion to the divided rods
or split pinions, the reciprocating motion of the slides or carriers of the
divided rods or split pinions for forming the meshes, and the slow
rotatory motion of the pegged roller are effected by hand.
According to my Invention I work the said parts by steam or other
motive power by means of the following mechanism :-At one end of
the pegged roller, and at right angles thereto, I mount a horizontal
driving shaft provided with a driving pulley and fly wheel. This shaft
carries a worm which gears with a worm wheel on the end of the pegged
roller, and thereby communicates a slow rotatory motion to the said
pegged roller. Below the driving shaft and parallel therewith is a
second or cam shaft for giving the required reciprocating motion to the
slides or carriers of the divided rods or split pinions carrying the wires.
This cam shaft is driven from the driving shaft by a pinion on the latter
gearing with a toothed wheel on the former. The two slides or carriers
are connected by pins and slots to the ends of oscillating links, so that
they move in opposite directions. One of the said slides is prolonged,
and has a roller on opposite sides of the prolonged part. Cams on the
cam shaft alternately act upon these rollers, one cam giving the advance
motion to the slide, and the other cam giving the return motion. By
the reciprocating motion of this slide and the coupling together of the
two slides by the oscillating links described, the required motions are
given to the said slides. On the end of the cam shaft is a crank or
eccentric, which crank or eccentric is connected by a connecting rod to
the rack, by which a rotatory motion is given to the divided rods or
split pinions, and the wires in the said pinions twisted at the proper
times.
In order to throw the machinery rapidly into and out of gear with the
driving power, I make the driving pulley turn loosely on the driving
shaft, and provide the said driving shaft with a sliding clutch secured to
the shaft by a key or feather. By means of a forked lever worked by
hand or by a treadle this sliding clutch can be geared with the driving
pulley, and the machine set in motion or be ungeared from the said
driving pulley, and the machine brought to rost.

page_text: I will now describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the
manner in which my Invention may be carried into effect.
Figure 1 represents in plan, Figure 2 in side elevation, and Figure 3
in end elevation a portion of a machine for the manufacture of pegged
latticework the said machine being worked by steam or other motive
power by means of mechanism constructed according to my Invention.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 represent parts of the same as herein-after
described.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several
Figures of the Drawing.
a, a, are the divided rods or split pinions through holes in which the
pairs of wires from which the pegged latticework is made are passed,
the said wires being fed through the tubes b, b, as usual. The said split
pinions a, a, have a rotatory motion given to them for twisting the wires
by the reciprocating rack c taking into the pinions on the said split rods
or pinions; d, e, are the two slides or carriers in which the rods or split
pinions a, a, turn and in which they are carried. By an examination of
the plan view, Figure 1, it will be seen that one half of each split pinion
a is situated in the slide d, and the other half in the other slide e.
These slides d, e, have a reciprocating motion in opposite directions
given to them for forming in conjunction with the pegged roller the
meshes of the latticework. The pegged roller f, besides shaping the
meshes of the latticework also draws forward the wires and carries
away the finished latticework. The two slides or carriers d, e, are
coupled together at their rear ends by the oscillating link g, best seen in
the plan Figure 1, and the end elevation Figure 4. This oscillating link
turns on the pin or centre / carried by the bracket i, and the slide d is
connected to one end of the link g by the pink working in a slot in the
said link, and the slide e is connected to the opposite end of the link
by the pin working in a slot in the said link as represented.
g
I will now describe the manner in which the several parts of the
machine are worked :—m is a horizontal driving shaft having at one end
a driving pulley m², and at the other end a fly wheel m³. On the said
shaft m is a worm 12 which gears with the worm wheel n² on the axis of
the pegged roller f (see Figure 3). By means of the gearing described
a slow rotatory motion is communicated to the said pegged roller; p is
the back roller for receiving the finished lattice work. This back roller

page_text: is driven from the axis of the pegged roller f by the pulleys p² and p³
and driving band p* (see Figure 1). The reciprocating motion of the
slides d, e, carrying the split pinions a, a, is effected as follows:- Below
the driving shaft m and parallel therewith is a second or cam shaft q
which is driven from the said driving shaft by the pinion q³ gearing with
the toothed wheel q³ on the said cam shaft q. On the said cam shaft q
are two cams r, ²; these cams are situated on opposite sides of the
prolonged fork or slotted end or strap d of the slide d, and the said cams
alternately operate upon rollers 8, 83, on opposite sides of the said
prolonged end of the slide d.
By an examination of Figures 1 and 2 it will be seen that on the
rotation of the shaft q the cam r operates upon the roller 8, and gives the
advance motion to the slide d, and the cam operates upon the roller &²
and gives the return motion to the said slide d. A reciprocating motion is
thus given to the slide d, and a like reciprocating motion, but in an
opposite direction, is given to the other slide e through the connecting
or oscillating link 9, as herein-before described. As the formation of
the meshes of the latticework by the operation of the said slides in
conjunction with the other parts of the machine is the same as in hand-
worked machines, I do not consider it necessary to describe the action
of the said slides. The position of the rollers 8, 82, on the prolonged
end or strap & of the slide d is adjusted, and the throw of the said slides
thereby regulated in the manner best seen in the separate views drawn
to a larger scale, Figure 5. The axis &³ carrying the roller s is provided
with a block 8*, which works in the slot 8. Working in the said slot 8*
and screwing into the block &* is a set or adjusting screw 8°.
the screw & in one or other direction, the position of the
the slot 86, and consequently the position of the rollers on
may be adjusted; after adjusting the position of the roller & the axis &³
is fixed by the screw nut 8'. The position of the other roller 8³ is
adjusted in the same way.
8
By turning
block &* in
the axis §³
The reciprocating motion of the rack c for giving the required motion
to the divided rods or split pinions a, a, for twisting the wires is
obtained in the following manner :-On the end of the cam shaft q is
a crank t, which is connected through the connecting rod t with the
slide working in a groove in the split pinion slide e; this slide t
is secured by the pins at t, t, to the rack c. By the motion of the
crank t, rod t², and slide t³, a reciprocating motion is given to the rack o

page_text: and the split pinions a, a, are rotated, and the wires carried by them
twisted in the ordinary manner.
Instead of a crank t an eccentric and
eccentric clip may be used.
The machine is thrown into and out of gear by the following arrange-
ment of parts -The driving pulley m² turns loosely on the driving
shaft m and on the face of the said pulley are two studs u, u. On the said
driving shaft m³ is a sliding clutch (shown separately drawn to a larger
scale in Figure 6).connected to the said shaft by a feather or key. The
said sliding clutch v has the construction best seen in Figure 6, that is
to say, it consists of two blades v³, v³, the bases of which can by the sliding
of the said clutch be made to engage with the studs u, u, on the face of
the driving pulley m², as indicated in Figure 6, where the studs u, u, on
the driving pulley are indicated in dotted lines. When the clutch vis
so engaged with the studs u, u, the motion of the driving pulley m³ is
transmitted through the clutch to the driving shaft m². The sliding
clutch v, v², is thrown into and out of gear with the driving pulley m²
by the forked lever won the end of the sliding axis x engaging with a
collar of the said clutch. The axis x may be worked by hand or by
a treadle.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of
my Invention; but I claim, as my Invention of improvements in
machinery for the manufacture of wire latticework, or wire netting of
the kinds commonly called pegged latticework, the several arrange-
ments or combinations of parts, substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, for working the said
machinery by steam or other motive power, that is to say, the arrange-
ment or combination of parts described and illustrated for giving the
slow rotatory motion to the pegged roller and to the back or receiving
roller.
Also the arrangement or combination of parts described and illus-
trated for giving the reciprocating motion to the slides or carriers of the
divided rods or split pinions carrying the wires.
Also the arrangement or combinations of parts described and illus-
trated for working the reciprocating rack by which a rotatory motion is

page_text: given to the divided rods or split pinions for twisting the wires carried
by the said rods or split pinions.
Also the arrangement or combination of parts described and illus-
trated for throwing the machine into and out of gear with the driving
power.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Baker, the younger, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of March,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six.
0
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
GEORGE BAKER, JUN. (L.S.)