Improvements in Pneumatic Springs for Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1897-Accepted, 12th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Springs for Vehicles.
I, WASSILY KOWALEFF of Oufa, in the Empire of Russia, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention the ordinary steel springs of railway and other
waggons and carriages are replaced by the herein described pneumatic spring.
This spring is preferably employed on carriages provided with the Westinghouse
compressed air brake or with any other apparatus capable of furnishing compressed
air at from four to six atmospheres.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a side elevation partly in section, of the
horn plate of the axle box of a waggon provided with a pneumatic spring constructed
according to this invention;
Figure 2 is a sectional underside view of the pneumatic spring the section being
taken on the line f-s Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a section on the line a b Figure 1 ;
Figure 4 is a vertical section on the line tr Figure 1 ;
Figures 5 and 6 are respectively a sectional elevation and a plan of a double
valve separating the spring cylinder from the air pipe.
Figures 1 to 4 are approximately scale and Figures 5 and 6 are scale.
The pneumatic spring is composed of a cast iron cylinder. A containing a
piston B provided with leather washers d d which are well adjusted to the walls of
the cylinder. The lower portion of the piston B bears against the spiral spring C,
fixed upon the upper plate D of the axle box E. The piston B is kept vertical
by a stem K which penetrates into a cylindrical seat T formed in the cover of the
cylinder A.
The axle box E is placed in the horn plate F of angle iron, fixed to the frame N
of the waggon by means of bars and bolts as is usual.
The cylinder A is also firinly fixed to the frame N by bolts g. The cylinder A
is provided with a lateral union o, to which the double valve P is attached. This
valve which is connected to the general air pipe, furnishes compressed air to the
cylinder A; it also prevents the return of the air and cuts off the pneumatic spring
when the brakes are in action.
At the lower end of the cylinder A and inside it are two iron rings m provided
with rubber washers in order to prevent the piston B from falling should the
pressure of air in the cylinder A be in excess of what is necessary.
If the cylinder A or the air pipe becomes damaged the rod K will rest agaiust
the end of the senting T; this however will not prevent the waggon from being
supported in an elastic manner by the spring C. If the spring ceases to act, the
lower ring of the piston will bear against the plate D, all danger will thus be
avoided for in this position the waggon can continue its journey upon the support
without fear of accident.
Dated this 4th day of July 1896.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, WASSILY KOWALEFF, of Oufa, in the Empire of Russia, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
:
: According to this invention the ordinary steel springs of railway and other
waggons and carriages are replaced by the herein described pneumatic spring.
This spring is preferably employed on carriages provided with the Westinghouse
compressed air brake or with any other apparatus capable of furnishing compressed
air at from four to six atmospheres.
Figure 1 of the drawings annexed to the Provisional Specification is a side
elevation, partly in section, of the horn plate of the axle box of a waggon provided
with pneumatic spring constructed according to this invention;
.
Figure 2 is a sectional underside view of the pneumatic spring the section being
taken on the line f-s Figure 1 ;
Figure 3 is a section on the line a-b Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a vertical section on the line t-r Figure 1;
Figures 5 and 6 are respectively a sectional elevation and a plan of a double
valve separating the spring cylinder from the air pipe.
Figures 1 to 4 are approximately scale and Figures 5 and 6 are scale.
The pneumatic spring is composed of a cast iron cylinder A containing a
piston B provided with leather washers d d which are well adjusted to the walls of
the cylinder. The lower portion of the piston B bears against the spiral spring C
fixed upon the upper plate D of the axle box E. The piston B is kept vertical
by a stem K which penetrates into a cylindrical seat T formed in the cover of the
cylinder A.
The axle box E is placed in the horn plate F of angle iron, fixed to the frame N.
of the waggon by means of bars 1 and bolts as is usual.
The cylinder A is also firmly fixed to the frame N by bolts g. The cylinder A
is provided with a lateral union o, to which the double valve P is attached. This
valve which is connected to the general air pipe, furnishes compressed air to the
cylinder A; it also prevents the return of the air and cuts off the pneumatic spring
when the brakes are in action.
At the lower end of the cylinder A and inside it are two iron rings m provided
with rubber washers in order to prevent the piston B from falling should the
pressure of air in the cylinder A be in excess of what is necessary.
If the cylinder A or the air pipe becomes damaged the rod K will rest against
the end of the seating T; this however will not prevent the waggon from being
supported in an elastic manner by the spring C. If the spring ceases to act, the
lower ring of the piston will bear against the plate D, all danger will thus be
avoided for in this position the waggon can continue its journey upon the support
without fear of accident.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what mauner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
A pneumatic spring formed by the combination of an air cylinder and a spiral
spring against which the piston of the cylinder bears, the spring bearing against

page_text: the axle box of a waggon or the axle of a carriage whilst the air cylinder is firmly
fixed to the frame plate of a waggon or to the frame of a carriage substantially
as described and shown in the drawing.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.