matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN FAUCET ATTACHMENTS FOR CASKS, BARRELS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Phineas Lawrence at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1878.
PHINEAS LAWRENCE, of Viaduct Works, Farringdon Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Merchant. IMPROVEMENTS IN FAUCET ATTACHMENTS FOR CASKS,
BARRELS, AND THE LIKE."
"
"
This Invention relates to faucet attachments for casks, barrels, and the like, and
consists of a block or plate provided with side guides or locking-strips for holding
the faucet to its place on the cask before entering it within the latter; this block
is firmly secured by screws or otherwise to the end of the cask over or about the
tap-hole with which it communicates by an aperture through it in line with the tap-
hole, and may have a socket projecting into the tap-hole to hold the tapping-plug;
but when made without a socket then the block or plate for holding the faucet
may be readily applied to any cask having the liquid in it; but when such plate
has the socket on it then it should be applied before filling the cask. In case of the
socket being dispensed with the block or plate might also be done away with, and
the side guides or locking-strips be independently secured to the cask on opposite
sides of the tap-hole. These guides or strips are preferably constructed of a dove-
tail form in their transverse section, and are so arranged as to make a tight joint
with a sliding plate which is on the inner end of a screw-box or socket.
sliding plate is constructed to fit or slide and enter down between the locking-strips
to hold the faucet in place, and so that its tube is in line with the tap hole. A
stop may be applied to arrest the sliding plate when the faucet is in line with the
tap-hole.
This
The screw-box is tapped and receives the tubular screw-threaded shank of the
faucet.
When the parts are in proper position the faucet is then turned in a direction
which will cause its tubular screw-threaded shank to be projected inwardly, forcing
the tapping-plug into the cask. An inner collar, preferably loose on the tubular
shank and which may be provided with a packing washer of soft or elastic material
on its inner face serves to seal or close the outer end of the tap-hole or socket
[Price 2d1

page_text: passing therethrough when the faucet has been secured to tap the cask. This collar
also serves as a stop by striking the screw-box to arrest the faucet in its outward
adjustment when or so soon as the inner end of the tubular shank comes in
clearing position with the outside of the end of the cask or of the block or plate
thereon.
I prefer to construct this block or plate not only with the locking-strips on it, but
also with the socket for the tapping-plug, as the screws or fastenings which hold the
strips or plate carrying them will then be relieved of strain when driving the plug
by the faucet into the cask.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FEEDING FUEL TO FURNACES AND FIRE- PLACES.
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James McMillan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th October 1878.
JAMES MCMILLAN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. "A
NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FEEDING FUEL TO FURNACES AND FIRE-
PLACES.
"
This Invention, which relates to new or improved apparatus for feeding fuel to
furnaces or fire-places, consists as follows:-
The bottom of the furnace or fire-place is formed with a hollow or opening
through the fire-bars. Below the fire-bars is situated a moveable chamber, which
is carried on rollers or rails, so that it can be moved horizontally backwards and
forwards beneath the bars. This chamber is also formed with a dead plate pro-
jecting horizontally from its hinder end; thus when the chamber is drawn out-
wards for being charged this dead plate passes under the opening in the fire-bars
and closes it, so as to prevent the fuel from falling therethrough. When the
chamber is charged with fuel it is pushed back underneath the opening, and the
fuel is forced upwards therefrom into and below the burning fuel by the rising of a
plate which forms the moveable bottom of the chamber. This rising of the bottom
and the lowering thereof also is effected by its being fitted with and carried upon
a series of crossed and linked levers, which as the lower levers of the set are moved
horizontally inwards or outwards rise or fall rapidly, and therefore correspondingly
raise or lower the moveable bottom. The movement of the lower bars is effected
by a screw or the equivalent thereof.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON FOUNDERS, STEEL MAKERS, CRUCIBLES, AND STEEL CONVERTERS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George William Banton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th October 1878.
GEORGE WILLIAM BANTON, of Pembroke Club, City Road, London. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON FOUNDERS, STEEL MAKERS, CRUCIBLES, AND
STEEL CONVERTERS."
This Invention consists in mixing together three parts by weight of plumbago to
one part of silica, the same to be dusted in a layer on to the sand moulds, and
thereby giving a superior finish to the metal castings, and thus dispensing with the
cost of trimming and filing, bringing the casting direct from the sand moults
beautifully finished to the highest perfection, and also exercising a very important
influence on the properties of the metal; the most remarkable characteristic in this
Invention is that the above when used as stated will add so much to the weight of
the castings.
Crucibles. In making crucibles 80 per cent. of the above mineral will greatly
diminish their cost, and increase their refractory power and durability.
Steel Converters.-The same percentage to be used, the advantages and results
being the same as above.
Steel Makers. This mineral in steel making affords a perfect protection for the
hot metal, preventing the generation of gas and the blistering of the steel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Albert Bright at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1878.
JOHN ALBERT BRIGHT, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner.
* IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING."
My Invention relates to the bobbins or spools of ring spinning and doubling
frames, and to the mode of connecting them with the spindles or with the tubes
fitting on the spindles.
To the spindle, or to the tube acting as a spindle, is fixed a flange, on which is a
washer of leather or cloth or other contrivance to produce friction.
On the spindle
or on the tube is placed a taper permanent bobbin or spool made of metal or other
suitable material, on which the cop is spun with a paper or cardboard tube. At
the bottom of the metal bobbin or spool a groove is turned, in which a few coils of
yarn are wound before doffing.
The full cops can be slipped off the bobbin with the cardboard or paper tube, and
the next set of cops can be commenced without breaking the end between the
drawing rollers and the bobbin or spool.
Another part of my Invention is a contrivance for loosening the cops and paper
tubes on the metal bobbins or spools previous to doffing. This apparatus consists
of a rail or plate which is brought forward before doffing so as to take hold of the
bottom of the paper or cardboard tubes and raise them a little on the spindle.
There is also a rail or plate which comes forward so as to hold the metal bobbins
or spools down while the paper tubes are being raised.
The effect of this is to loosen the cops so as to facilitate the doffing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF CLEANING AND TINNING METAL PLATES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Nunn Knight at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December 1878.
WILLIAM HENRY NUNN KNIGHT, of Pontypridd, in the County of Glamorgan.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF CLEANING AND TINNING METAL PLATES."
This Invention has reference to a more speedy and economical method of coating
metal plates with grease and metal, and cleaning and finishing the same, and is
specially applicable in the manufacture of tin, terne, and other kinds of metal
plates after leaving the pickling process.
For this purpose I employ revolving or otherwise moving flat surfaces or rings
made of wood, metal, or other suitable material, which may be uncovered or
covered with a hard or soft material, according to the special requirements of the
operation. I supply palm oil or other kind of grease to such surfaces or rings by
means of hollow spindles or hoppers; I pass the plates to be treated through such
surfaces or rings by any suitable means for the purpose of the greasing process,
which being concluded they are conveyed through metal and grease to be coated
with tin or other metal contained in a corresponding pot. After leaving the pot,
I carry the plates through moving or stationary brushes. After passing through
the brushing operation, I then carry the plates through metal, and then through
grease into the finishing rolls. I put the required pressure on the finishing rolls by
means of spring balances attached to the ends of levers, cranked or otherwise.
I also employ machines fitted with the before mentioned moving flat surfaces
and rings, as cleaning machines, and propose using bran or pollards mixed with
powdered fullers' earth, the plates being placed in boxes containing fullers' earth
working on axles with side openings or doors, the plates remaining a short time in
contact with the material before being passed to the machine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eustace Wigzell, Joseph Pollit, and
Walter Lees at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th
January 1878.
EUSTACE WIGZELL and JOSEPH POLLIT, of the Firm of Timothy Bates and Com.
pany, of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Ironfounders and Engineers, and
WALTER LEES, of Sowerby Bridge aforesaid, Working Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS,"
This Invention relates,-
Firstly. To reciprocating furnace bars, or bars which have a sliding motion
communicated to them for the purpose of propelling the fuel forward in the furnace,
and our improvements consist in constructing such bars with a raised part or
enlargement at the front end, which raised part acts as a pusher for forcing the
fuel from the hopper, thus dispensing with separate plungers and mechanism for
working the same.
Secondly. To the method of operating the reciprocating bars. For this purpose
we employ a new arrangement of mechanism consisting of a cam shaft in front of
the furnace, which propels the whole of the bars forwards into the furnace at once.
On the under side of the bars are notches or recesses for the reception of cross bars
which serve to draw out the furnace bars. Each of these cross bars operates upon one-
half of the grate bars by removing each alternate one, the cross bars being themselves
operated by cams on the end of the cam shaft. By our arrangement any bar can
be taken out and replaced without disturbing the operating mechanism.
Thirdly. Our Invention relates to the construction of the back fire-bridge of
furnace, which is composed of fire-brick, fire-clay, asbestors, or other fire-resisting
material, these materials being cast in or encased within cast iron.
IMPROVED MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENTS APPLICABLE FOR QUICK SPEED EMERY WHEELS AND LATHES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William James Tarrant at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th July 1878.
WILLIAM JAMES TARRANT, of Poole, in the County of Dorset.
IMPROVED
MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENTS APPLICABLE FOR QUICK SPEED EMERY WHEELS AND
LATHES."
"
The object of my Invention is to provide mechanical arrangements applicable for
quick speed emery wheels and lathes, and to effect saine I proceed mainly as
follows:-I make use of a reel or pulley and friction reel with, by preference, three
rollers, fitted in such manner that when power is applied to the cord by means of
the treadle it causes rotary motion in a certain or given direction. When the
motion is stopped the momentum causes the mandril and work to continue, and the
friction on rollers is at once released. I also use a spring or elastic cord to turn
the reel and cord above referred to to its first or normal position. This elastic cord
is made fast to one end of the reel and is wound on as the other leaves. It may be
fixed at the other end either above or below, front or back, as circumstances will
permit, but preferably above, as there is an advantage gained by the cords being
at opposite angles.
Particular points or features of my Invention are,—
1st. An improvement on the old pole lathe is effected (which is at the same time
simple and easily worked), inasmuch as a continual rotary motion is by the above-
described arrangements obtained.
2nd. The speed may be regulated by the addition or removal of one or more
pulleys for faster speed and for slower, same being brought into positions where
they may remain, only requiring to shift the cord.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1878. (A communication from
abroad by Adolf Rigler, of Vienna, Austria.)
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-PLACES."
(A communication from abroad by Adolf Rigler, of Vienna, Austria.)
The object of this Invention is to provide a convenient apparatus for the economical
combustion of fuel, and especially of small coal or dust, and any other small or
waste combustibles, and the apparatus is especially suitable for kitchen fire-places
and for fire-places for small steain boilers.
The apparatus consists mainly of two parts, viz., the feeding hopper or chamber
and the fire-place proper; the former receives the fuel for the grate, and has by
preference a flat top with sides rivetted, on which form the sides of the fire-place.
The back wall of the fuel chamber is curved downward and away from the front of
the fire-place; it may be fastened on by screws; the front of the fuel chamber is
slanting below, and has a door turning on hinges below.
The fire-place is fitted with step grate, the steps resting on lugs on the aforesaid
sides of the fire-place; each step is a complete grating or grid, shallower in front
than behind, and with the air apertures diverging radially or in the shape of a fan.
Each step has one or two handles in front for readily taking hold of it; the lower
steps are stronger and broader than the upper steps; the vertical distances apart
also gradually increase downwards. One or more of the upper steps may, for small
fire-places, be without handle.
There are hinged doors in front of the step grate, and also in front of the ash-
pit below same.
THE MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER FLYS' FOR UMBRELLAS, AND IN APPARATUS. USED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE."
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Chambers at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th September 1878.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
JAMES CHAMBERS, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster.
THE MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER FLYS' FOR UMBRELLAS, AND IN APPARATUS.
USED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE."
This Invention relates to the small leather washers called "flys," which are used
in the manufacture of umbrellas to protect the silk or other fabric from the pressure
and wear of the metal cap, which is placed over the stick near the end or ferrule.
These "flys" have hitherto been cut or punched out by hand by means of
serrated or "gimped" punches on a wooden block, the said punches being expensive
to make, very liable to crack, and difficult to keep the edge in good cutting con-
dition, the process being slow, and the "flys" being often ragged and imperfect at
the edges by reason of the imperfection or bluntness of the punches.
I use plain circular punches, which are much less expensive, more durable, and
easier to keep in good cutting order, and are worked up and down either by a
treadle or otherwise, and I cut the leather upon a copper block, in which the punch
makes its own cut, and therefore the block being a counterpart of the punch it
cuts much cleaner and sharper. In the centre of the, punch is a loose block, which
as the punch rises up, falls down and pushes the leather fly out of the punch.
Having thus cut a number of circular smooth edged washers or "flys," I thread
them on to a mandrel, near one end of which is a fixed collar, and at the other end
I screw on a movable collar, compressing the leather washers or "Hys" until they
form a hard solid cylinder.. I then place the mandrel in a lathe and turn the
surface up true, after which I proceed to plane longitudinal grooves along from end
to end, so as to convert the smooth cylinder into a fluted column. Upon now
withdrawing the screwed collar the leather washers or "flys" can be removed, and
will be found to be serrated or "gimped" round the edges, and to be very much
superior in appearance and finish to those hitherto manufactured by hand, at the
same time that their production is more rapid and economical.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR MEASURING LIQUIDS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Robert Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1878.
JOHN ROBERT JOHNSON, of 39, Rue Borghése, Neuilly sur Seine, France, at present
residing at Scarborough, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR MEASURING LIQUIDS."
My Invention consists in a new or improved apparatus for measuring liquids and
recording that measurement.
The apparatus is formed of a glass, earthenware, or metallic vessel of known
capacity, say, for example, that of an imperial pint. In its simplest form this
vessel has one inlet and one outlet, each provided with a valve, tap, or cock for
opening and closing them.
'
The valve, tap, or cock of each is arranged in such a way that the same move-
ment opens the inlet and closes the outlet simultaneously. This movement may be
effected by the turn of a lever and handle through the quarter of a circle, in which
case the return of the handle backwards through the same segment effects the
reverse operation, that is, it closes the inlet and opens the outlet, and at the same
time, by means of a pawl attached to the axis of the handle, moves one tooth of,
preferably, a ten-toothed ratchet wheel; one of the quarter-circle movements by
opening the inlet communicating with the cask or other reservoir containing the
stock of liquid, fills the measuring vessel, while the reverse movement, closing the
inlet and opening the outlet, allows of the emptying of the measuring vessel, and
the action of the ratchet communicating with, say, three dials, units, tens, hundreds,
records the passage of the one pint for consumption, and so on in succession until
999 have been so recorded, after which the dials mark for the next pint 000, com-
mencing another series of 1,000 pints.
It is obvious that if the number recorded by the dial be taken at the end of each
day, the daily consumption will be given by deducting the number at which the
dials stood on the preceding day. A float and valve allow of the egress and ingress
of the air when the vessel is filled and emptied respectively, these being nicely
adjusted to close with precision and uniformity. A small colored ball is attached
to the valve, which on rising shews the vessel to be filled.

page_text: When the measuring vessel is of metal, a small tube or chamber at the top of the
vessel is provided to enable the ball to be seen when it has risen, although contained
within the vessel.
It is obvious that by the above arrangement no smaller amount of liquid than
that contained by the measuring vessel can be measured and recorded at one
time.
To adapt the meter to the requirements of retailers of wines, spirits, and
other liquids, a third outlet closed by an independent valve or tap is necessary.
On the measuring vessel being filled and the inlet closed, the liquid is retained
within it by the third cock, and from this may be allowed to escape into the
measures or glasses usually employed for small quantities until the measured pint
has been exhausted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF INDICATING THE SHOPS OF VENDORS OF TOBACCO EQUALLY BY NIGHT AS BY DAY
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nathaniel Lionel Nathan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1878..
NATHANIEL LIONEL NATHAN, of No. 23, Coleman Street, in the City of London,
Cigar Importer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF INDICATING THE SHOPS
OF VENDORS OF TOBACCO EQUALLY BY NIGHT AS BY DAY."
The object of my Invention is, as set forth in the above title, the indication of
the locality of tobacconists' shops so that it may be ascertained with equal facility
by night as in the day time.
I effect this in the following manner, and it is in the means I thus adopt for the
purpose above described that my Invention consists :-Instead of making the sign
of wood or other opaque material as at present in use, I make the same hollow and
of glass or other transparent or translucent material, so that I may combine there-
with or introduce therein (that is to say, within the same, or above or beneath the
same, or in any suitable position to shed or diffuse the rays of light through the
transparent or translucent material) a lamp or lamps, or light or lights.
It will be obvious that the sign of the vendor of tobacco will by these means be
equally if not more casily seen at night time or in the hours of darkness than during
daylight.
PROVEMENTS IN BLOCK CALENDARS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Anton Schmoll at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st December 1878.
ANTON SCHMOLL, Music Composer, of No. 1, Rue Laffitte, Paris, France.
PROVEMENTS IN BLOCK CALENDARS."
"IM-
My improvements consist in turning to a useful purpose block calendars in
general after each sheet has served its daily purpose; to this end I apply on the
reverse or back of each sheet by printing or otherwise various useful or agreeable
notices, inscriptions, literary or musical works, portraits, or drawings, preferably
following one another and numbered consecutively as to form at the end of the year
one or more works, books, or albumns; for this purpose each two succeeding sheets
are joined or pasted with their calendar faces together, so as to then to form but one
sheet, each face of which constitutes a page of the intended volume or work, and
for this purpose I prefer leaving a small margin to the left of the first, and to the
right of the second of these two sheets to be hereafter coupled, so as to form an
appropriate margin for binding the whole.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Craig at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st March 1878.
JAMES CRAIG, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, in Ireland, Ironmonger.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS."
My Invention relates chiefly to the to the adaptation of duplex burners employed
in lamps for the combustion of paraffin and other mineral and volatile oils for use,
when desired with one wick only, and consists in the application of a plug and
plate, or a cap, hood, or cover and plate, fitted to one side of the burner, in order to
prevent smell and waste by the escape of the vapours or fumes of the oils through
the wick tube of that side, and to limit the atmospheric draft to the side containing
the lighted wick; or in the application of a domne divided by a plate with a plug or
cap, and having one wick opening only. The cap, hood, or cover and the plate may
be either combined or separate.
I effect my purpose by the aid of an inner half dome, with a rim fitting into the
dome, and a vertical plate to stand between the two wick tubes, and to cut off any
supply of air from the covered side of the burner, which plate is fitted with a plug
or a cap or hood to close or cover the wick tube; or instead of an inner half dome
I may employ a plate so bent as to divide and cover horizontally the half of the
under side of the dome, and to stand vertically between the two wick tubes, with a
separate plug, cap, or hood to be introduced from without through the slot in the
dome, so as to close or cover the wick tube.
In order to provide a self-acting extinguisher for a paraffin lamp I enlarge the
top or mouth of the wick tube, so as to contain at one or both sides a falling plate,
which closes when the wick is lowered into the tube; or I may use a falling plate
as a substitute for the side of the wick tube at the top.
I also provide a wire cage containing a cork or other float to be attached to the
burner, and lowered into the fount or bowl to prevent an overflow when filling the
lamp.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Tattersfield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th June 1878.
GEORGE HENRY TATTERSFIELD, of Ravensthorpe, Mirfield, in the County of
York, Manufacturer. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN
FABRICS."
My Invention relates to the manufacture of all classes of reversible textile fabrics,
and consists in making textile fabrics with two or more backs, or what may be
termed a wadding, or putting a wadding between the extreme back and the face.
My improvements consist in a novel way of weaving two or inore backs, which
improvements will be intelligible to the practical operative by the annexed dia-
grams, A, B, C.
The dots represent shafts that are down, and the open spaces shafts that are up;
for weaving fabrics with two backs I employ a gear consisting of sixteen shafts,
exclusive of those used for lists; the shafts have a round of twelve, sixteen, and
twenty-four picks when arrived at the top, and are woven in one hundred sets;
but to weave more than two backs, it would require more than sixteen shafts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO LIFE BUOYS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rowlands at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1878.
JOHN ROWLANDS, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND RELATING TO LIFE BUOYS."
In life buoys as usually constructed the oilcloth covering allows in time the cork
to become saturated with moisture, and it often happens that this occurs to such an
extent that the buoys will hardly float; they are too so heavy in this state that
they can be thrown but a few yards. Now my Invention consists in a life buoy
usually considerably lighter than a cork one even when new.
It is made of tinned iron or other comparatively incorrodible sheet metal in
compartiments, and soldered together so as to form the same shape as an ordinary
life buoy. The life lines can be fastened in the usual manner. These buoys even
if perforated in one compartment have the buoyancy of the others to float them.
They are preferably stamped out and pressed to shape.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND HEATING
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Charles Olney at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd November 1878.
THOMAS CHARLES OLNEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer
and Ironmonger. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND HEATING."
My improved apparatus is particularly applicable for heating dwellings and green
houses, but it may be used for various other purposes where a moderate and constant
heat is required.
The apparatus consists of an improved burner for the combustion of inflammable
gas and of an improved boiler.
The burner consists of a chamber in which is a central hole for the tube supplying
the inflammable gas, around which are apertures for the entrance of atmospheric
air. The combined gas and air pass through an annular or other shaped opening
between metallic surfaces and is then ignited. The boiler which is placed above
the burner consists of a vertical case and of two sets of tubes; the small inner
tubes are for carrying off the products of combustion to a flue, and the outer and
larger tubes are open below and partially closed above, and serve to increase the
heating surface.
The improved burner may be used independently of the boiler to heat dwelling-
houses or stoves for cooking, ironing, and for general heating purposes.
MACHINERY FOR LITHOGRAPHING AND LETTER-PRESS PRINTING
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Newsum at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1878.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
GEORGE NEWSUM, of Leeds, in the County of York.
MACHINERY FOR LITHOGRAPHING AND LETTER-PRESS PRINTING."
My Invention refers to apparatus for taking the sheets off the cylinders of litho-
graphing and letter-press printing machines, and for this purpose the grippers are
fixed on shafts mounted on a radial arm or arms to which an intermittent back-
wards-and-forwards motion is imparted through a rocking shaft, motion being
transmitted from a cam, crank, or eccentric provided on the cylinder or cylinder
shaft by a suitable adjustable connecting rod, or motion may be taken from any
other convenient moving part of the machine.
The
The position of the grippers with regard to the cylinder is adjusted by regulating
screw or screws. The grippers are opened to receive the sheet from the cylinder by
means of levers and runners being brought in contact with the cylinder.
grippers are closed by spring or other equivalent incans and opened again to deliver
the sheet by a suitable adjustable projection.
My improvements have also reference to the means or apparatus for imparting
the required motion to the type or stone carriage, and for this purposo I provide a
means for producing a slow speed whilst the impression is being taken and a quick
return motion. In order to effect this I arrange the point of connection on the type
or stone carrier a convenient distance above the centre of the driving wheel to
which it is attached by suitable connecting rod and crank pin, producing thereby the
required effect.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES DESIGNATED CRUETS, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES, WHEREBY THEIR HANDLES ARE CONVERTED TO VASES OR RECEPTACLES FOR CON-. TAINING FLOWERS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Lloyd at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1878.
WILLIAM HENRY LLOYD, of Birmingham, in the County Warwick. "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES DESIGNATED CRUETS, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES,
WHEREBY THEIR HANDLES ARE CONVERTED TO VASES OR RECEPTACLES FOR CON-.
TAINING FLOWERS."
This my said Invention consists in the arranging or converting of the handles of
cruet or other frames into a receptacle for containing flowers, and for this purpose
I employ a metallic vase of any design or shape suitable to my requirement; or I
may adopt a metallic section to receive a glass or china vase for containing
flowers; the chief feature of this my said Invention being to dispense with the
olden handle so objectionable to the hand, and this by the employment of the said
vase that is more convenient to the hand, and is novel and presentable in its
appearance.
SUBSTITUTING BESSEMER, CAST, COMPRESSED, OR OTHER FORMS OF STEEL IN PLACE OF HARD WOOD OR OTHER MATERIALS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHUTTLES AS MANUFACTURED HITHERTO
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Obadiah Folds, James Waterworth,
& Thomas Turner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
13th September 1878.
OBADIAH FOLDS, Manufacturer, JAMES WATERWORTH, Engineer, & THOMAS
TURNER, Tackler, all of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster. "SUBSTITUTING
BESSEMER, CAST, COMPRESSED, OR OTHER FORMS OF STEEL IN PLACE OF HARD WOOD
OR OTHER MATERIALS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHUTTLES AS MANUFACTURED
HITHERTO."
It has hitherto been customary to make the shuttles used in weaving fabrics of
box or other hard wood with a metal tip at each end; such shuttles are expensive,
owing to the scarcity of boxwood and the labour in making and applying the tips,
they are also liable to be split and otherwise injured by wear. Now our Invention
consists in making the body of the shuttle with the tips of one piece of Bessemer
compressed or other cast steel in which is a slot for the reception of the ordinary
shuttle skewer, and the spring acting on the heel of the skewer, and through one
side of which is a hole for the yarn to pass into the shed.
The object of this Invention is to render shuttles more durable than heretofore,
and to reduce their length, and consequently the length of the shuttle boxes of the
loom.
IN HORSE SHOES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Anne Edden at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1878.
ANNE EDDEN, of Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex.
IN HORSE SHOES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates to improvements in horse shoes, and has for its object to
reduce the shock to the bones of the hoof and leg when travelling on hard ground,
and also to avoid slipping, and my Invention consists broadly in making horse
shoes as hereafter described of either leather, gutta percha, or india-rubber, instead
of iron as hitherto.
According to my Invention the shoes may consist either of a single thickness
of one of these materials, or they may be built up of a number of superposed layers
cemented together or otherwise united. In order to avoid wear I also make a
composite shoe, that is to say, one made of any of the above materials having
small metal plates secured at intervals to its lower surface, so that a portion only
of the leather, gutta percha, or india-rubber, as the case may be, will come in contact
with the ground. The shoe may also be made mainly of wood if found preferable,
surfaced with a layer or layers of the above-mentioned materials.
The nails for attaching the shoes to the hoof of the horse pass through a metal
ring which is imbedded in the leather or other material of which the shoe is made,
and the shoe is provided with the usual crease or fullering to receive the heads of
the nails.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOWS AND APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND CLOSING THE SAME."
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederick Cooke Farquhar at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1878.
JOHN FREDERICK COOKE FARQUHAR, of 24 and 25, Long Acre, in the County of
Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOWS AND APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND
CLOSING THE SAME."
This Invention has for its object improvements in windows and apparatus for
opening and closing the same.
The windows of railway and other carriages I make to work on two centre pins
which are fixed at the top and bottom of the window frame, so that the window
moves about a vertical axis.
I open and close the windows by the use of a worm wheel attached to the bottom
or top centre pin of the window, and working with this worm wheel I have a worin
of suitable dimensions fitted with a handle on the inside and outside of the window
frame if required.
Or I may use quadrants having holes or notches into which a spring of the
window frame will fit.
By a contrivance of this kind when a carriage is travelling at any velocity the
window can be opened in such a manner that wind, rain, or dust striking against
it will be sent off at an angle from the surface of the glass, and so be prevented
from entering the carriage without interfering with the ventilation.
In railway carriages it would be of great advantage to have the means of closing
the windows from the outside. Similar windows may be fitted in houses.
As regards house windows, if wind, rain, or dust be blowing in an oblique
direction the windows can be opened at such an angle that without hindrance to
ventilation the wind or dust can be prevented from coming into the rooms.
A further advantage of this plan is that in warm weather the windows can be
turned to such an angle as to catch the wind and deflect the draught into the room
or carriage, thereby increasing the circulation of the air.
AN IMPROVED TOILET ARTICLE, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME.
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ambrose Archer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th October 1878.
"
AMBROSE ARCHER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. AN IMPROVED
TOILET ARTICLE, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING THE
SAME.
"
This Invention consists in taking pumice stone, sawing or otherwise cutting it up
into nicely shaped tablets, and serrating the surface like a file. In this form it makes
an abrasive for the skin far superior to ordinary plane pumice stone, and at the
same time a handsome toilet article. After long experiment I find that sawing and
turning will both answer to cut pumice stone. The grooves are made by the action
of a series of knives, saws, or rotating cutters, under which the stone is passed in
one direction, and again crosswise to that direction. The edges must be rounded
so as not to scratch, and this I effect before the stone is grooved by placing a large
number of blocks in a tumbling mill with sand, or in small quantities they can be
done by hand. Sometimes to give them an additionally handsome appearance I
dye, bleach, or color them by immersing them in water with a pigment.
AN IMPROVED COVER, FORMING CARPET BAG FOR TRAVELLERS.
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Baumblatt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1878.
Louis BAUMBLATT, of Boulevard St. Denis, 1, at Paris, Furrier. "AN IMPROVED
COVER, FORMING CARPET BAG FOR TRAVELLERS.'
رو
My Invention has for its object a system of cover forming a travelling or
carpet bag, and consists in the combination of any description of fur or other
material with a simple cover, the space between them forming a pocket which con-
stitutes the travelling bag.
According to one arrangement I employ an entire natural skin or fur in com-
bination with the cover, the head of the fur forming a clasp or closing piece which
is made of metal, and takes the general form of the head. The joint of this clasp
or closing piece is situated at some distance down at the back part of the head,
and its closing edge or lock may be of any suitable description.
The two jointed branches of the clasp or closing piece are hidden under a stuft
or leather similar in color to that of the head or fur.
The skin or fur may be replaced either by another simple cover or by a stuff in
imitation of the fur, or by any other material giving the same result, and the form
and dimensions of the whole may be varied as desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR GAS AND LAMP GLOBES, CHIMNEYS, AND OTHER LAMP GLASSES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel May at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December 1878.
SAMUEL MAY, of 143, Curtain Road, Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, Gas
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR GAS AND LAMP GLOBES, CHIMNEYS,
AND OTHER LAMP GLASSES."
This Invention relates to improvements in holders for holding gas and lamp
globes, chimneys, and other lamp glasses.
Gas and lamp globes are usually secured in the ring or holder which supports
them by means of clips or projections, and a screw or screws which pass over the
rim formed around the opening at the bottom of the globe or lamp glass. By this
method of holding globes, they are very liable to break and difficult to place in the
centre of the holder.
Now according to my improvements a gas or lamp globe, chimney, or other lamp
glass is securely held in a central position over the flame or light by means of
springs mounted upon the holder. The springs may either be inade of bent steel of
suitable form, or of coiled wire arranged to act in guides, the ends of the springs
always acting on the direction of the centre of the holder.
The ends of the springs are formed so as to clip or overlap the rim of the globe
or lamp glass, and thus retain it in a central position in the holder.
By this means the holders will adapt themselves to globes and lamp glasses of
various sizes, and also to different sized fittings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STAYS
Year: 1878

page_text: |PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Robert Rossiter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1878.
THOMAS ROBERT ROSSITER, of Totter Down, Bristol.
OR CORSETS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STAYS
My Invention relates to improvements in stays or corsets, whereby the fastening
of the same is greatly facilitated. In stays or corsets of the ordinary construction
each half of the busk is made in one piece, and after a certain number of the
fastenings have been engaged a difficulty is experienced in engaging the remaining
fastenings by reason of the lateral rigidity of the busk.
According to my Invention I obviate this difficulty by making either one half or
both halves of the busk in two or more lengths, and jointing the same together so
as to admit of the busk yielding laterally to the effort of the wearer in the act of
fastening the stay or corset, and thus facilitating the engagement of the whole of
the fastenings in succession.
When both halves of the busk are jointed or articulated facility is afforded for
the use of two kinds of fastenings, as, for example, at the upper part the usual clasp
fastenings, and at the lower part buckles and straps or laces or other means of
fastening which will ensure the requisite tightness and fit of the stay or corset to
the body of the wearer.
Stays or corsets constructed according to my Invention are also less liable to
become unfastened by accident than those in which the busk is made non-yielding
laterally as in the ordinary manner.
FASTENING DOORS OF FARM AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomas at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 26th July 1878.
JOHN THOMAS, of Eastfield House, Cowbridge. "FASTENING DOORS OF FARM
AND OTHER BUILDINGS."
It is made with flat iron 12 inches long, 14 inches wide, and 1/4 inch thick, fixed
on doors with two staples, and one in the door frame as a receiver. There is
attached to the fastener a handle inside to form a bolt, and one on the outside to
fix a lock when necessary. The handles are also used for opening and closing the
fastening.
PLAITING MACHINES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas James Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1878. A communica-
tion from abroad by Charles James Appleton, of 131, Boulevard Sebastopol,
Paris, France.
THOMAS JAMES SMITH, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents.
PLAITING MACHINES." (A communication from abroad by Charles James Appleton,
of 131, Boulevard Sebastopol, Paris, France.)
This Invention relates to improvements in plaiting machines, and has especial
reference to those plaiting machines which are worked by hand.
According to this Invention the machine is composed of a bed or foundation plate
(preferably of cast iron), part of the top surface of which is formed smooth and
inclined upwards so as to form the table or platform upon which the knife works to
effect the plaiting.
A vertical standard or side plate is bolted or otherwise fastened to each side of
the bed or foundation plate, each of the said standards or side plates being hollowed
or branching off from about the middle of its height so as to form two uprights one
at the front and one at the back of each side of the machine.
Pivoted to the two front uprights is an oscillating frame, the lower end of each
side of which carries a pin taking into a slot or guide formed in a small lever which
is keyed or otherwise fastened to each end of the axis of the plaiting knife or
blade.
The plaiting knife works in ways formed in the side plates of the machine.
Between the side plates and the two levers on the ends of the knife axis coiled
springs are arranged to take up any slack.
Passing through the two uprights at the back of the machine is a shaft upon one
end of which is keyed or otherwise fastened a combined gut and hand wheel, the
turning of which puts the machine in action. Attached to the other end of this
shaft is a disc having a transverse slot upon its face in which an adjustable crank
pin is fastened. From this crank pin a connecting rod leads to an upper arm of the
before-mentioned oscillating frame.

page_text: The adjustable crank pin is for the purpose of regulating the stroke of the knife
or blade and consequently the length of plait. The outer end of the connecting rod
is jointed to an adjustable piece on the upper arm of the oscillating frame which
regulates the point at which the plait shall commence.
A cam at or about the centre of the shaft at the back of the machine regulates
the lift of the plaiter box at the right moment by means of a hook arrangement
against which the cam works.
The plaiter box is pivoted by means of two arms to the front portion of the frame
of the machine.
The lever which carries the hook arrangement for producing the lift of the plaiter
box is provided with a claw to take over the back shaft of the machine and keep
the plaiter box off the work when required. This is effected by hand.
In the front part of the machine horizontal rods are arranged with sliding
adjustable tappet guides for the purpose of centreing the work in the machine.
PACKINGS FOR GLANDS OF STEAM ENGINES, PUMPS, AND OTHER MACHINES
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hardaker and Charles Bell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1878.
WILLIAM HARDAKER, of Bradford, Commission Agent, and CHARLES BELL,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Engineer, also of Bradford, and both in the County of York.
PACKINGS FOR GLANDS OF STEAM ENGINES, PUMPS, AND OTHER MACHINES."
The object of this Invention is to produce a packing for the glands of steam
engines, pumps, and other machinery possessing great durability and capable of
considerably reducing the amount of friction, wear and tear to piston and pump
rods and spindles passing therethrough.
We accomplish the above object in the following manner:-The packing is
formed of wire of continuous strands or complete circles, the thickness of such wire
bearing some relation to the diameter of the rod or spindle to be packed; this wire
is saturated with a prepared tallow entirely free from acid and lime, and mixed
with powdered French chalk entirely free from grit; the wire is then bound together
either by hemp or calico or a combination of both, and then coated with an
unctuous mastic; for the larger diameters of rods we prepare gland packing of the
required dimensions in one circle, and cut to pass round the rod or spindle ; in
smaller diameters we prepare the packing in one continuous length, and cut to suit
the gland.