Improvements in Stoves.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1899-Accepted, 17th June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves.
1, CARL WILHELM STAUSS, of Spenerstrasse 23, Berlin, in the Empire of Ger-
many, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner.
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
-
Stoves thus far in use, have the disadvantage that they render only a small
part of the produced heat available for the purpose of heating by far the largest
part escaping through the chimney into the open air. Stoves made of iron have
the further disadvantage, that the parts located nearest to the fire place becomes
overheated and hot, in consequence whereof they burst and are soon destroyed
and the air in consequence of the combustion of the dust on the hot stove; becomes
disagreeable and unhealthy. The use of a room heated by such stoves is limited
to a distance away from same on account of the oppressive rays of heat, in case
the stove is not provided with a mantle. The combustion of the heating material
finally takes place only under the development of a great deal of smoke and soot,
whereby the channels, chimneys and also the air are impregnated with dust and
soot.
All these economical and sanitary drawbacks are overcome by the stove, which
is the subject of this specification and is represented in the attached drawings in
which Fig. 1 is a front view partly in section on the lines G H I K of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a sectional side view. Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross section on the
lines CD EF of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a view of one of the cast iron plates of which
the heating body is composed.
The stove is constructed for self feeding and continuous heating, but may also
be used for temporary heating. It consists of the following principal parts,
1, the lower part, containing the fire place a built of fire clay stones with fire
channel b, (2) the heating body proper with the gas receptacle c, (3) the coal
chest d, also supported upon the lower part, (4) the mantle e of the stove which
encloses all the upper parts and is provided with a perforated cap. The whole
apparatus rests upon a cast iron frame, provided with feet, the lower edge of the
apparatus is about 10 centimeters above the floor so that the air at the floor of
the room is inducted thereby, rises upwards between stove and mantle, where it
becomes heated and takes its exit through the perforated cap.
In the lower part is arranged the fire place a with fire channel b, formed of fire
clay bricks, which are encased by four iron plates; the plate located in front has
an opening in the middle for insertion of the feed-pipe f, for attaching the stand-
ing grate g, and for the slide of the ash box h. The fire clay bricks rest upon
an insertion, whose horizontal upper plate has an opening for receiving a small
grate z. Between the upright standing walls of this insertion is slid in the ash
box h. The uppermost fire clay brick has a hole q passing through it, whose
object will be explained later on and above the fire channel contained therein it
is constructed like a grate so that the openings of grate 01, correspond with the
openings of the fire chambers O, situated above the grate while the rods i, consist

page_text: ing of fire clay protect the lower edges of the heating body against the direct
action of the fire upon them.
Upon the before mentioned uppermost fire clay brick is placed a knee shaped
plate which covers from above, horizontal part of the fire chamber situated below
it and is perforated with holes corresponding to the slits in the grate and hooped
to the upper edge of the front plate, at both sides of the feedpipe f, by means of
a recess. The perforations of this plate are. surrounded by recesses filled with
sand, a like recess is also provided for the part covering the fire place.
The plates at the sides and in the back which encloses the fire place are held
together by means of the horizontal iron plate m, whose edges are extended so
as to form a band. The plate mis perforated similarly to the knee shaped
plate n and on its back are provided low rods, which grip into the recesses in the
plate n.
These connections serve to prevent the formation of a widening between the
horizontal plate and the fire clay bricks a which may result from the greater
expansion of the vertical iron plates of the lower part against that of the fire
clay bricks enclosed by them, so that no gas may enter the room by way of such
a widening. Upon the surface of the plate m are flat grooves surrounding, the.
perforations, which are to be filled with a suitable mortar or putty to make the
lower side of the heating body placed upon this plate, perfectly tight.
The heating body is made of cast iron plates y whose edges are provided on both
sides with extensions in such a manner, that by placing the plates against each
other, the fire chambers 0 and air channels are alternately formed: All these
plates are united, by means of bolts, into one solid body.
The fire chambers have in their lower part openings for the entrance of the fire
gases and are separated in the middle by a vertical plate 1, so that the up and
down flowing gases are forced to touch the plate surfaces in their entire extension
before they enter the backwardly located gas chamber c. The fire chambers are
provided with openings on top; which serve for cleaning and are closed with the
common cover r. Below the exit openings are located the slides p, which are
taken out during the cleaning of the fire chambers, which is done by means of flat
brushes with bristles at both sides, so that also the ashes which have been blown
into the right hand part of these chambers may be swept into the fire channel
from where they fall into the ash box. These slides may also be taken out at the
first heating in order to produce a stronger draft.
The air channels s are formed by the plates y which have turned up edges or
the like y at the middle above and below and also at the sides, so that spaces y²
remain open for the entrance and exit of the air into the room for its heating
circulating in the direction of the arrows (Fig. 4). The exit openings for the
fire gases opens into the gas chamber Fig. 3, which is secured to the heating
body so that it is easily detachable. For the equal distribution of the fire gases
underneath the heating chambers the channels from the fire place to the exit pipe
are made of equal length by means of the partition u in the gas chamber. (Figs. 2
and 3). On the underside of the gas chamber and opposite to the exit pipe is
located a round opening which may be opened and closed by means of disk t
revolvable around a screw-threaded attachment for the purpose of admitting cold
air into the gas chamber, in order to regulate the draft and thus the combustion.
The plate m upon which rests the heating body supports also the coal box d.
The plate forms at this place a frame upon which the rim of the cast iron lower
part of the box rests. In order to render the bottom of the box tight towards the
fire place, the latter is provided with a band, which grips into the corresponding
sanded groove of the plate u. Between the bottom of the box and this plate is
formed a hollow chamber, by means of which the air is exchanged whereby the
bottom of the coal box is kept cool, so that the formation of gas in the coal box
is prevented. In the top of the box is the opening for filling it up, the cover of
this opening is also made close fitting. The filling of the box takes place through
a funnel, which is inserted in the box, through the cap of the mantle.

page_text: In order to prevent an ignition of the coal in the box through the heat rays
of the fire in the fire chamber, the feeding mouth of the box is not located
directly above the fire chamber but is arranged sidewards to the same and to
prevent further the ignition of the coal in front of the feeding mouth through the
fire clay brick located opposite to the mouth in this brick is made a hole at
so that it is continuously cooled by the change of air. Below this hollow brick
is located the stone which glows soon after lighting the fire, reduces the coal
lying against it to gas and ignites it so that the coal is in glowing condition to
the full height of the standing grate and warms up the air as would an open fire
by heat rays. Directly above the grate opposite to the exit opening located below
the stone the combustion on account of the strong draft at this place is the
quickest, and since all gases which have been set free but have not yet been burned
must pass the glowing heat of this grate, their combustion there is so complete
that any formation of smoke and soot is entirely excluded.
Even by the quickest combustion the heating body will not become red hot as
long as the size of the fire place is in a proper proportion to that of the heating
body, because the intensity of the fire is weakened by its splitting up into so many
channels as there are provided in this stove and because a continuous change of air
in the air channels cools off the plates. The fire gases are thereby cooled down
to about 1000 R. and used up to the uttermost.
The hollow space between the stove and mantle and in front of the fire place is
inlaid with a niche like cast iron insertion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention. and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A stove characterized by the combination of a heating body composed of
parts which form alternately fire and air channels in order to obtain the greatest
possible combustion of the heating material which heating body can be attached
to all kinds of heating stoves.
2. A stove whose fire place is provided with a stone in order to turn into gas all
coal placed against it, and effecting the combustion of all gas set free, before the
same can enter into the fire channels which stone can be applied to all kinds of
heating stoves.
3. The construction of stove substantially as described and illustrated in the
annexed drawings.
Dated th On1 1. £ 1000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.