IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO LATHES FOR TURNING CYLINDRICAL SHARTS." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred James New and Reuben Alexander
Matthews, of Moscow Works, Nottingham, in the County of Notts,
Engineers and Tool Makers, and William Henry Berry, also of
Nottingham, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LATHES AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO LATHES FOR TURNING CYLINDRICAL
SHARTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred James New,
Reuben Alexander Matthews, and William Henry Berry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 23rd June 1875.
We, ALFRED JAMES NEW and REUBEN ALEXANDER MATTHEWS, of
Moscow Works, Nottingham, in the County of Notts, Engineers and
Tool Makers, and WILLIAM HENRY "BERRY, also of Nottingham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-

page_text: PROVEMENTS IN LATHES AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO LATHES FOR TURNING
CYLINDRICAL SHAFTS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to and consists, firstly, in combining six or
more cutting tools fixed in a special device of rest or disc, namely, three
or more forward tools for roughing out, and three or more following
tools for finishing and ensuring parallelism, the following tools also
acting as a "steadying or following" stay owing to the peculiar form
given in bearing them out, which leaves one fourth of their respective
width a cutting edge, and three fourths a bearing surface; these cutters
are bored out to the finished template size the shaft is required when ]
turned.
The above-mentioned rest or disc carrying the before-named cutting
tools is circular, with a hole through the centre; the cutting tools are
fixed radially with the centre of rest or disc which corresponds with
centre of lathe, the cutting tools projecting into the circular hole. A ring 1
fits upon this rest or disc so as to turn upon it moved by pinion or lever.
Passing through this ring are set screws connected by steel links or
connecting rods to the cutting tools, so that by turning the ring these
cutting tools are drawn to or from the centre simultaneously, also each
tool has a separate and independent adjustment by the before-named set
screws. The circular rest or disc may be fixed and carried upon the saddle
of an ordinary slide lathe or used in conjunction with our special
shafting turning lathe herein-after described.
We prefer to apply and use as may be most convenient and for the
purposes required, these six or more cutting tools in connection with the
before-mentioned circular rest or disc fixed in the separate and inde-
pendent methods as follows, namely,—
"
Method A has the rest or disc divided into two parts. In the first part
are fixed the "forward or roughing tools; in the second part are fixed
the "following or finishing" tools. The two parts are bolted together and 8
covered by a ring movable by a pinion or lever on the joined rest or
disc; passing through this ring and set screws connected by steel links or
connecting rods to the cutting tools, so that by turning the ring all the
tools may be moved to or from the centre simultaneously; also each tool
has a separate and independent adjustment by the before-mentioned set 8
Screws.

page_text: Method B has the forward or roughing tools fixed on slots cast on the
front part of rest or disc at equal distances, and fastened with set screws
adjustable separately by hand; the following or finishing tools are fixed
in planed slots at equal distances on the back part of rest or diso, and
connected by, dovetail or rabbeted joints to set screws passing through
upper part of the rest or disc for the purpose of adjusting them to
required positions, each tool separately. In this method the rest or diso
is made in one piece.
Method has both the "forward or roughing" and also the
"following or finishing" tools fixed in the rest or disc in same manner as
above described for the "following or finishing" tools in method B.
Method D has both the "forward or roughing" tools and "following or
finishing" tools fixed in slots planed in the rest or disc on both sides. In
this case the cutting tools are serrated at one side, and each tool con-
nected by a pinion for moving it to or from the centre, the pinion
working in the serrated teeth.
"
Further, each and all the methods may be wholly or partially inter-
changeable in the detail of fixing and adjusting the cutting tools in rest
or disc, also in the methods B, C, and D, the "forward or following
tools or both may be covered by one or two circular cramping plates, or
each separate cutting tool may have an independent cramping plate as
may be deemed most convenient.
•
Secondly. In conjunction with the before-mentioned cutting tools
and rest or disc we also prefer to use and apply for the purpose of fully
developing their advantages and utility for turning cylindrical shafts
a special lathe with peculiar constructed fast headstock, bed, and
traversing saddle. The headstock is cast with the bed and carries a single
speed cone pulley of large diameter so as to drive without gearing the
work to be operated upon and thus ensure a steady, smooth, and con-
tinuous cutting motion. The spindle is made of cast iron and arge
diameter running in adjustable conical bearings of cast iron. The bed is
formed into a continuous trough to collect the liquid which is freely
supplied to the work operated upon. The end of trough is provided with
draw-off cocks. The saddle is constructed to give free passage of liquid
and the turning to the trough.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred James New, Reuben Alexander Matthews,
and William Henry Berry, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ALFRED |
JAMES NEW and REUBEN ALEXANDER MATTHEWS, of Moscow Works,
Nottingham, in the County of Notts, Engineers and Tool Makers, and
WILLIAM HENRY BERRY, also of Nottingham, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Alfred James New, Reuben Alexander
Matthews, and William Henry Berry, Her special license that we, the
said Alfred James New, Reuben Alexander Matthews, and William
Henry Berry, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Alfred James New, Reuben Alexander Matthews, and
William Henry Berry, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and a
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES AND APPARATUS
APPLICABLE TO LATHES FOR TURNING CYLINDRICAL SHAFTS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Alfred James New, Reuben
Alexander Matthews, and William Henry Berry, or one of us, our exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one
of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Alfred James New, Reuben
Alexander Matthews, and William Henry Berry, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described; and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :—
Our Invention consists, firstly, in combining an arrangement of six or
more cutting tools fixed in a special device of rest or disc, namely, three
or more forward tools for roughing out, and three or more following
tools for finishing and ensuring parallelism, these following tools also act
as a steadying or following stay owing to the peculiar form given in
boring out and finishing them, which leaves one fourth of their
respective width a cutting edge, and the remaining three fourths a
) bearing surface, the following tools are bored out to template gauge
giving the finished size the shaft is required when turned. The arrange-
ment of cutting tools we prefer to use is shown in the accompanying
Drawings by methods A, B, C.
.
Methods A and B.-These arrangements consist of a rest or diso
5 having a hole through its centre bolted together in two parts a, a',
Figure 2, the first part of rest or, disc a, Figure 1, is slotted out to
receive the three forward or roughing tools b, b, b. The second part a³,
Figure 8, is also. slotted out to receive the three following or finishing"
tools c, c, c. The slots for holding the tools in both parts of the rest or
O disc are placed at equal distances in a radial position. Each cutting
tool is connected by a steel link or connecting rod g to an adjustable
screw f secured by two plates h, h, which are fastened to ring d by
screws i, i. The ring d fits upon the joined disc a, a³, and is moved
upon it by a lever and pinion working in rack m fixed. on the periphery
5 of ring d. By moving the ring d all the cutting tools are simultaneously
moved to or from the centre of rest or disc, also each tool may be moved
and adjusted separately by means of the screw f, which can be done.
independently of the ring d. The ring d may be made in two parts and
each part moved separately by means of lever and pinion; by this means
O the forward or roughing tools b, b; b, may be moved simultaneously
without moving the following or finishing-tools c, c, c, or vice versa, as
shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, method B, where the cutting tools are
each secured by a separate cramping plate N, also shown with one
cramping plate O covering each set. Either way may be applied.
Method C.-The rest or disc in this method is bolted together in two
halves-having-a-hole-through its-centre, Figures-7, 8, 9, and both halves

page_text: are slotted out as in methods A and B to receive slides or holders for
carrying the cutting tools. Each half has an independent movement for
simultaneously opening and closing the set of cutting tools it contains.
The movement is obtained by pinion P working in wheel formed on the
periphery of the ring Q, revolving on disc R, giving effective movement 5
to the cutting tools by means of a spiral thread cut on the face of the
ring Q working in corresponding spiral grooves in the slides or holders
carrying the cutting tools, giving them a concentric motion as shewn in
Figures 8 and 9.
Further, a separate adjustment independently of the concentric move- 1
ment by the ring may or may not be applied to the cutting tools as
required. Both ways are shewn.
Special Lathe. Our Invention consists, secondly, in a special lathe
with peculiar constructed fast headstock, bed, and traversing saddle to
be used in conjunction with the before-mentioned cutting tools, and rest 1
' or disc for the purpose of fully developing their advantages and utility
in turning cylindrical shafts.
The headstock is cast with the bed u, Figure 10, and carrys a single
speed cone pulley of large diameter and width, so as to drive the work
to be operated upon without gearing, and thus ensure a continuous, 2
steady, and smooth cutting motion; the spindle wo is made of cast iron of
large diameter running in adjustable conical cast-iron bearings; bed u is
formed into a continuous trough to collect the liquid freely supplied to
the work operated upon.
Figure 11 shews a sectional elexui on through had and saddle on A

page_text: being also particularly applicable to screw-cutting lathes and screwing
machines.
Thirdly. We also claim in conjunction with the herein-before described
and illustrated rest, the peculiar arrangement and construction of the
special lathe, as herein-before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings Figures 10, 11, and 12.
In witness whereof, we, the said Alfred James New, Reuben
Alexander Matthews, and William Henry Berry, have hereunto
set our hands and seals, this Twenty-first day of December,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.