IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Frölich, of No. 10, Hounsfield Road,
Glossop Road, Sheffield, in the County of York, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES."
Sealed the 17th January 1871, and dated the 18th November 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Frölich at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th November 1870.
I, JULIUS FRÖLICH, of No. 10, Hounsfield Road, Glossop Road,
Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in furnaces.
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to me on the Twenty-
eighth April One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine (No. 1316),
was described a furnace in which the fuel to be burnt was fed in at
the top of a fire-brick chamber, the fuel was burnt by a blast entering
near the bottom of the chamber through a number of tuyeres, and the
products of combustion also passed off through a flue leading from the
lower part of the chamber.
My present improvements have mainly for their object to facilitate
the introduction of the blast, and the cleaning of such furnaces from

page_text: slag and ashes. For this purpose the lower part of the chamber is
formed by a wagon, which can be run in and out through a door or
opening through the front of the lower part of the chamber; the front
of the wagon is formed with doors which can be turned aside on hinges
to allow the slag being from time to time removed from the wagon, or
the wagon can be run out entirely when the furnace is not in use the
sides, front, and bottom of the wagon are lined with fire-brick or
ganister, the back of the wagon is open and abuts against the brick-
work at the back of the bottom part of the chamber. The blast enters
the chamber below the wagon and rises up between the front of the
wagon, and the cover or door which closes the opening through which
the wagon is run in and out. The blast passes through an opening left
between the top of the front of the wagon and the bottom of the
brickwork of the upper portion of the chamber, the width of this
opening can be adjusted by placing wedges below the wheels upon which
the front of the wagon rests. A door is formed through the side of
the chamber near its top for feeding in fuel, and small openings closed
by moveable plugs are formed through the top of the chamber for the
insertion of pokers. The products of combustion passing off through
the flue may be caused to rise through coke or hard fuel contained in
a second chamber as described in the Specification before-mentioned,
or in some cases where the temperature required is not very high, the
coke or hard fuel may be dispensed with, horizontal flues or air spaces
are formed one above another in the brickwork at the back of the
second chamber which forms the bridge, and a blast or current of air
is supplied to the lowest flue, and after passing in succession through all
the flues is allowed to enter the furnace at the top of the bridge. The
furnace may be a reverberatory furnace or a steam boiler or other
furnace. In some cases the second blast is introduced through openings
in the partition wall between the first and second chamber instead of
through the fire-bridge.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Julius Frölich, Her special license that
I, the said Julius Frölich, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Julius Frölich, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Julius Frölich my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julius Frölich, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in furnaces.
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to me on the Twenty-
eighth April One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine (No. 1316),
was described a furnace in which the fuel to be burnt was fed in at the
top of a fire-brick chamber. The fuel was burnt by a blast entering
near the bottom of the chamber through a number of tuyeres, and the
products of. combustion also passed off through a flue leading from the
lower part of the chamber.
My present improvements have mainly for their object to facilitato
the introduction of the blast and the cleaning of such furnaces from slag
and ashes. For this purpose the lower part of the chamber is formed by
a wagon which can be run in and out through a door or opening through
the front of the lower part of the chamber. The front of the wagon is
formed with doors which can be turned aside ou hinges to allow of slag
being from time to time removed from the wagon, or the wagon can be

page_text: run out entirely when the furnace is not in use. The blast enters the
chamber below the wagon and rises up between the front of the wagon
and the cover or door which closes the opening through which the
wagon is run in and out. The blast passes through an opening left
between the top of the front of the wagon and the bottom of the brick-
work of the upper portion of the chamber. The width of this opening
can be adjusted by placing wedges below the wheels upon which the
front of the wagon rests. Other passages may also be provided for the
admission of the blast to the fuel.
gal section, Figure 2 is a side view, Figure 3 18
a transverse section, and Figure 4 is an end view of a furnace constructed
according to my Invention.
a, a, is the fuel chamber. It is supplied from time to time through an
opening which is provided with a closely fitting door or cover b. c is a
wagon which forms a bottom to the chamber a.
This wagon consists of
bottom and sides o³, c³, c³, and doors hung on the two sides and
closing on to a central support c*. The sides c³ are protected by a fire-
brick lining, and are cast with recesses to receive and retain the bricks.
The bottom plate c¹ is covered with sand or ganister. The parts c³, c³, c³, c³,
are all carried by the wheels c³, and so can be run out and away from
the other parts of the furnace. The wagon is supported on the cast
plate d through which the air blast from a fan or blowing engine is
supplied by the pipes e. f, f, are well fitting doors closing the opening
which is left for the wagon to run in and out; they confine the blast
and compel it to enter the fuel chamber a, which it does by the spaces
left for it above the top of the wagon at the front and sides and also
between the doors c³. As before mentioned, the space over the wagon
may be adjusted by placing wedges under its wheels. It is necessary to
leave a considerable clearance in building the furnace, as the brickwork
arch is liable to settle from continued exposure to the heat. i is a water
box through which a stream of water is kept constantly flowing to
protect the back wall of the chamber a and prevent its destruction by
the heat. In the back of the chamber a arched openings are formed;

page_text: they are the entrances to the gas flues h. The bottoms of these flues
are formed of inverted cast-iron troughs j put loosely into their places
and covered with a bank of ganister or sand. The use of the troughs j
renders it much easier to remove clinkers from the air flues than it
would be if the bottoms of these flues were solid and fixed. The fuel
falls into the air flues and forms sloping banks in them. The blast
passes through the fuel in the chamber a and flues h, and the oxygen
taking up carbon becomes carbonic oxide. This gas as it issues from
the flues meets another air blast (by preference heated) entering by a
number of small channels k. Thus the combustion is completed and
the flame passes to the bed of the furnace or to the chamber which it
is desired to heat, as in the furnace described in the Specification of my
previous Patent herein-before referred to. The furnace may be a rever-
beratory furnace as the Drawing in part represents, or it may be a steam
boiler or other furnace. Whilst the furnace is at work from time to
time, say once every twelve hours (more or less according to the nature
of the fuel), the blast is taken off and the doors f and c³ are opened and
the clinkers are removed from the fuel chamber. At longer intervals,
say of a week or a fortnight, the furnace is cooled, the wagon c is run
out, and the workman then having free access to the interior of fuel
chamber and flues makes such repairs as may be necessary.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the construction of gas furnaces in which air is passed through
fuel producing carbonic oxide, which is then burnt by a further admission
of air, with a wagon or equivalent moveable part forming the bottom of
the fuel chamber, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julius Frölich, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.