Adjustable Bearings for the Flats of Carding Engines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, ot Nov., 1890-Accepted, 13th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Adjustable Bearings for the Flats of Carding Engines.
We HUGH MONIE of Byculla Bombay India Cotton Master at the Victoria Jubilee
Technical Institute Bombay and SORABJI MUNCHERJI RUTNAGUR of Grant Road
Bombay India Cotton Spinner and Weaver do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Our said invention relates to certain improvements inthose carding engines which
are provided with revolving flats supported during the time they are at work by revolving
discs placed at each side of the carding engine and free to rotate on the axie thereof.
In carding engines of the aforesaid type the ends of the flats rest on the edges of
the discs and in their course the flats cause the discs to rotate. The peripheries of
the said dises being perfectly concentric with that of the carding engine cylinder
the distance of the flats from the surface of the cylinder is determined by the diameter
of the discs. As heretofore constructed the diameter of the disc is such that when the
wire clothing of the flats and of the cylinder is new the flats are at the proper working
distance from the cylinder and when the clothing has become worn it is necessary to
mill or otherwise operate on the edges of the discs in order to reduce their diameter
and to allow the flats to be lowered a sufficient extent to again bring the surfaces of
the flats and of the cylinder into a suitable relation to each other. When the wire
clothing is quite worn away and it is necessary to reclothe the carding engine either
new discs of the original diameter must be applied to the carding engine or new
rings or tyres must be put on the discs in order to increase the diameter to the
desired extent.
The object of our present invention is to remove the before mentioned drawback by
constructing the discs and those parts of the flats which rest thereon with bearing
surfaces inclined in such a manner as to allow of a ready adjustment of the distance of
the flats from the cylinder.
Our said invention may be carried into effect in several ways. According to one
method we bevel the inner edges of each of the supporting discs so that when seen in
section the profile of the edge of each disc presents the appearance of an inclined
plane sloping downwards towards the cylinder.
Similar inclined surfaces are formed at the ends of the flats where they rest on the
bevelled discs one or both of the discs being movable laterally on the axle of the
cylinder and being provided with means for securing them at any desired distance
from each other it is evident that the distance of the flats from the axle of the cylinder
can be regulated by varying the interval between the supporting discs. If preferred
the inclined edges of the discs might slope outwards. In lieu of a single disc at each
side of the cylinder two discs may be employed having their inclined edges sloping
towards each other so as to form an annular V shaped recess. In this case the under
side of each end of the flats is provided with a projection having inclined sides
corresponding to the profile of the said V shaped recess and resting therein. By
separating each pair of discs by means of screws, cams or other suitable means the
V shaped recesses will be widened thus allowing the projections on the underside of the
flats to penetrate further therein thereby bringing the flats into closer proximity to
the cylinder. In this case also the slope of the inclined surfaces might be reversed
so that when in contact the profile of the edges of the discs would be of a V form with
the point upwards and the ends of the flats would then be provided with corresponding
projections having V shaped depressions resting on the discs. Or discs having
V shaped edges might be employed on which corresponding inclined planes on the
underside of the ends of the flats might rest such inclined planes being provided with
means for lateral adjustment.

page_text: The discs may move laterally on the axle of the cylinder or on a bush or collar
mounted thereon or a boss or nave on one disc may serve as a carrier or support on
which the other disc may be moved.
Another method of carrying our invention into effect is to use a single disc at
each side of the cylinder and to provide each disc with one or more loose rings whose
outer edges are bevelled in the manner hereinbefore referred to when describing the
use of bevelled discs.
These rings are capable of lateral movement on the outer edges of the discs to
enable the interval between them to be varied as and for the purposes hereinbefore
set forth and they are also provided with means for readily effecting and regulating
the extent of the lateral motion.
For example when using two rings on a disc we provide the cylindrical surface
of the disc with right and left hand screw threads and form corresponding internal
screwed threads in the inner surfaces of the rings so that when the rings are
screwed on to the disc their distance apart can be varied by rotating either the disc
or the rings while one or the other remains stationary.
Whether using pairs of discs or rings suitable means are provided for securing the
discs in their proper relative position towards each other after the distance of the
flat from the cylinder has been adjusted.
In some cases it is preferable that the flats should not rest immediately on the
inclined surfaces of the discs and in such cases I interpose a ring or tyre between the
bearing surface at each end of the flats and the discs. The contour of the inner
surface of the said intermediate ring or tyre is so formed as to fit in or on the inclined
surfaces hereinbefore referred to. The said ring or tyre may be made in sections
provided with means for connecting the same or may consist of a single piece of
elastic material for example an elastic tyre of spring steel cut across in one part may
be used.
A tyre of this description will expand and contract according as the inclined edges
of the discs approach to or recede from each other and in this manner the external
diameter of the tyre may be varied by varying the interval between the discs. Means
are provided for closing the gap between the extremities of such a tyre or between the
component parts of a tyre constructed in sections and also for causing the tyre to
tightly grip the discs in case the resiliance of the material of which it is composed is
not sufficient to accomplish this.
Suitable means are also provided for overcoming the tendency of the discs to
separate when the weight of the flats bears on them.
The outer surface of the tyre on which the flat rests may be cylindrical or
otherwise.
Dated this Tenth day of February 1890.
JULIUS ALLMANN & Co.,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agents for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Adjustable Bearings for the Flats of Carding Engines.
We HUGH MONIE of Byculla, Bombay, India, Cotton Master at the Victoria
Jubilee Technical Institute Bombay, and SORABJI MUNCHERJI RUTNAGUR of Grant
Road, Bombay, India Cotton Spinner and Weaver do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings
---
Our said invention relates to certain improvements in those carding engines which
are provided with revolving flats supported during the time they are at work by
revolving discs placed at each side of the carding engine and free to rotate on the
axle thereof as for example in the manner set forth in the Patent Specification of
James Smith No. 6564 A.D. 1834.

page_text: In carding engines of the aforesaid type the ends of the flats rest on the edges of
the discs and in their course the flats cause the discs to rotate. The peripheries
of the said discs being perfectly concentric with that of the carding engine cylinder
the distance of the flats from the surface of the cylinder is determined by the
diameter of the discs. As heretofore constructed the diameter of the discs is such
that when the wire clothing of the flats and of the cylinder is new the flats are
at the proper working distance from the cylinder and when the clothing has become
worn it is necessary to mill or otherwise operate on the edges of the discs in order to
reduce their diameter and to allow the flats to be lowered a sufficient extent to again
bring the surfaces of the flats and of the cylinder into a suitable relation to each other.
When the wire clothing is quite worn away and it is necessary to reclothe the carding
engine either new discs of the original diameter must be applied to the carding engine
or new rings or tyres must be put on the old discs in order to increase the diameter to
the desired extent.
The object of our present invention is to remove the before-mentioned drawbacks
by constructing the discs and those parts of the flats which rest thereon with bearing
surfaces inclined in such a manner as to allow of a ready adjustment of the distance
of the flats from the cylinder.
In order that our said invention may be more readily understood we will now
proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in all the
figures of which the same letters refer to parts performing the same functions: For
convenience of reference different indices are attached to the letters when modifications
are being described.
In this
Our said invention may be carried into effect in several ways. According to one
method we bevel the inner edges of each of the supporting discs a Fig. 1 so that when
seen in section the profile of the edge of each disc presents the appearance of an
inclined plane sloping downwards towards the cylinder b. Similar inclined surfaces
are formed at the ends of the flats c where they rest on the bevelled discs; one or both
of the discs being movable laterally on the axle d of the cylinder band if the discs a
are provided with means for securing them at any desired distance from each other
it is evident that the distance of the flats from the axle of the cylinder can be
regulated by varying the interval between the supporting discs. If preferred the
inclined edges of the discs might slope outwards. In lieu of a single disc at each side
of the cylinder two discs may be employed having their inclined edges sloping towards
each other so as to form an annular V shaped recess as shown in Fig. 2
case the underside of each end of the flats c is provided with a projection having
inclined sides corresponding to the profile of the said V shaped recess and resting
therein. By separating each pair of discs by means of screws, cams or other suitable
means the shaped recesses will be widened thus allowing the projections on the
underside of the flats to penetrate further thereinthereby bringing the flats into closer
proximity to the cylinder. In this case also the slope of the inclined surfaces might
be reversed so that when in contact the profile of the edges of the discs would be of
a V form with the point upwards and the ends of the flats would then be provided
with corresponding projections having V shaped depressions resting on the discs. Or
discs having V shaped edges might be employed on which corresponding inclined
planes on the underside of the ends of the flats might rest such inclined planes being
provided with means for lateral adjustment.
The discs may move laterally on the axle of the cylinder or on a bush or collar
mounted thereon; or a boss or nave on one disc may serve as a carrier or support on
which the other disc may be moved.
Another method of carrying our said invention into effect is to use a single
disc a² Figs. 3 and 4 at each side of the cylinder and to provide each disc with
one or more loose rings e whose outer edges are bevelled in the manner hereinbefore
referred to when describing the use of bevelled discs.
These rings are capable of lateral movement on the outer edges of the discs to

page_text: enable the interval between them to be varied as and for the purposes herein before
set forth and they are also provided with means for readily effecting and regulating the
extent of the lateral motion.
For example when using two rings on a disc we provide the cylindrical surface of
the discs a³ with right and left hand screw threads and form corresponding internal
screwed threads in the inner surfaces of the rings e so that when the rings are screwed
on to the disc their distance apart can be varied by rotating either the disc or the
rings while one or the other element remains stationary.
In Fig. 5 the end of the flat c² the rings e e and the disc a³ are shown on a large
scale.
Whether using pairs of discs or rings suitable means are provided for securing the
discs in their proper relative position towards each other after the distance of the
flat from the cylinder has been adjusted; as for example set screws or bolts as at m
or m' in Figs. 10 and 11 as hereinafter described. To lessen the weight a portion
of the disc may be removed as shown in Fig. 4.
In some cases it is preferable that the flats should not rest immediately on the
inclined surfaces of the discs and in such cases I interpose a ring or tyre ƒƒ¹ Figs. 6
and 7 between the end of the flats and the bearing surfaces of the discs or of the rings
mounted thereon. The contour of the inner surface of the said intermediate ring or
tyre is suitably formed so as to fit in or on the inclined surfaces hereinbefore referred
to and may be used of various forms. Fig. 12 shows another shape of tyre f² and
dise a¹. The said ring or tyre may be made in sections provided with means for
connecting the same or may consist of a single piece of elastic material for example
an elastic tyre of spring steel cut across in one or more places may be used as shown
in Figs. 9 and 9". A tyre of this description will expand and contract according as
the inclined edges of the discs approach to or recede from each other and in this
manner the external diameter of the tyre may be varied by varying the interval
between the discs. Bridge pieces or cover pieces may be inserted closing the gap
between the extremities of such a tyre or between the component parts of a tyre con-
structed in sections and also for causing the tyre to tightly grip the discs in case the
resilience of the material of which it is composed is not sufficient to accomplish this
as for example a right and left hand screw coupling as shown at pin Fig. 8 which
may be applied at several points in the circumference of the tyre or springs may be
used as. at p Fig. 8 for the same purpose. Suitable means are also provided for
overcoming the tendency of the discs to separate when the weight of the flats bears
on them as for example set screws m m³ Figs. 10 and.11 which may be loosened to
allow the distance between the discs to be varied and tightened to prevent their
separation when at work.
Figs. 10 and 11 show two modes of varying the amount of separation of the discs.
In Fig. 10 g is a loose bush on the axle d of the cylinder a. The bush
and left hand threads formed on its outer cylindrical surface which fit corresponding
has right
screwed threads in the interior of the bosses of the discs a³.
of the discs a their distance apart can be readily adjusted and the tyre f can be
By rotating one or both
made to approach to or recede from the axis of the cylinder a.
of one of the discs a projects through and forms a bearing surface. for the other disc
In Fig. 11 the boss
to slide upon. At a a screw thread is formed on which works a nut as having a
flange which bears against suitable projections on the sliding disc in such a manner.
that the rotation of the nut as effects a lateral displacement of the sliding disc.
Suitable means, such as collars, are provided for preventing lateral displace-
ment of the discs on the axle d when the apparatus is at work as is well understood.
Where very thin tyres are used we provide them with supporting projections as shown
in dotted lines at Fig. 9" shaped to the contour of the inclined surface and distributed
at convenient intervals along the interior of the tyre. It is evident that our said
invention may be carried into practical effect in a great variety of ways besides those
herein before described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In a carding engine in which revolving flats are supported by rotating discs at
the ends of the cylinders the use of inclined supporting surfaces for the flats for the
purpose of varying the distance of the flats from the surface of the cylinder
substantially as hereinbefore described and set forth.
2. In carding engines of the type herein before referred to the use of rotating
inclined supporting surfaces laterally adjustable on the axle of the cylinder sub-
stantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and set forth.
3. In a carding engine having rotating inclined surfaces for the support of the flats
the use of an intermediate ring or tyre between the flats and their supports substantially
as hereinbefore described and set forth.
4. In a carding engine of the type herein before referred to the means for adjusting
the distance apart of the discs which support the flats substantially as hereinbefore
described and shown.
Dated this Seventh day of November 1890.
$
JULIUS ALLMANN & Co.,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agents for Applicants.