matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAW BARS, AND COUPLING APPARATUS, FOR RAILWAY WAGGONS, AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Keeton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1883.
SAMUEL KEETON, of Lenton, in the County of Nottingham,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
DRAW BARS, AND COUPLING APPARATUS, FOR RAILWAY WAGGONS, AND OTHER
VEHICLES,"
"
My improvements as applied to the framing of each railway waggon, or other
vehicle consists of two buffer headed draw bars, each forming a hook at one end
pointing upwards, each rod passes through a draw bar head secured on the ends of
the framing by two parallel rods passed through the heads, and the framing, on
these rods plates slide, each plate being keyed or bolted to the draw bar, on each
side of the plate, there are spiral springs encircling the draw bar, or instead of the
spiral springs I may employ, bow shaped plate springs, the back springs act as
buffer springs and the front springs act as draw springs. Each draw bar head
forms a bearing for an axle shaft somewhat longer than the width of the framing,
this shaft passes through a coupling link which is thus secured to the draw bar
head, the coupling link may be secured to the axle shaft by keys, screws or
projecting arms attached to the shaft, which rocks in bearings secured to the
framing, each end of the shaft is provided with a lifting lever by which the
coupling link may be raised or lowered, when raised it is held in position by one
end of a sliding rod taking into a notch in a disk secured on the axle shaft, the rod
slides in bearings carried by the framing, and has a spring at one end which
automatically holds the coupling link back, but when the sliding rod is moved
clear of the notched disk by the attendant, the coupling link falls down over the
draw bar hook of the next adjacent vehicle, the coupling link of such vehicle may
also be allowed to fall down over the draw bar hook of the first named vehicle,
thereby forming a complete double coupling. When the vehicles are required to
be coupled automatically, the link is placed in an horizontal position by one of the
lifting levers, and held in such position by a catch lever and spring which is
released, as the coupling link is raised as it passes over the draw hook of the next
adjacent vehicle.

page_text: By such means a double automatic coupling may be effected, and the vehicles
may be uncoupled by means of either of the levers at the side of the framing,
without the attendant having to pass between them.
By the employment of the above described apparatus, a central spring buffer
and draw hook is obtained and the necessity of employing side buffers on new
vehicles is obviated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING AND BURNING GAS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR "
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left, by Edward Davies at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1883.
EDWARD DAVIES of Chapel Road Stoke Newington in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING AND BURNING GAS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
"
The gas producing apparatus consists of two or more cylindrical vessels which
may be made of iron or other material suitable for the purpose. In one or more of
these cylinders according to the number used I fix partitions covered with silk and
in other cases circular frames covered with silk or other suitable material which I
impregnate with chemicals suitable for the purpose such as bi-sulphide of carbon
india rubber and alcohol or sometimes ether. Through these substances I force or
suck air by a blower or by steam. When steam is used I employ a suction
apparatus after the manner of an injector. The air after passing through the
impregnated silk or other suitable material contains a large amount of gas. The
combined gas and air and when steam is used the combined gas and air and steam
I then pass into one or more cylindrical vessels which contain water, in these I
purify the gas by getting rid of impurities which are taken away by a pipe dipping
into another vessel containing water and when steam is used I condense the steam
in the same vessels thus separating it from the gas. When the gas is pure enough
for the purpose or purposes for which it may be wanted after passing it through
one or more of the above named vessels it may be stored in a gas holder or other
receptacle ready for use. For lighting purposes this gas can be used in conjunction
with coal or other gas or oil or spirits or vapour by directing them whilst burning
together on to a refractory substance.
I also heat the gases before they are burnt thereby getting a better light with a
smaller consumption of gas as for instance when using coal gas with my gas I form
each of the pipes that convey the gases to the burner into a coil or coils forming a
cylinder or case which holds the refractory substance-The said substance when
brought to a light giving heat of course heats the coils of pipes forming its case or
holder and they in their turn heat the gas or gases passing through them before

page_text: they impinge on to the light giving substance. To do this one end of the coil is
bent to the form required. Thus a most brilliant light is produced with a great
saving in the gas used over any plan at present in use. The same burner with
slight alterations would do for burning my gas with vapour.
In this case the coil with the refractory substance is placed above the flame of
the lamp and the end of the coil passes up through the centre of the wick and
conveys my gas in a heated state to the flame.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND IN MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Dixon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September 1883.
JOSEPH DIXON of Oughtybridge in the County of York, Paper Manufacturer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND IN MACHINERY CONNECTED
THEREWITH
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of Paper, and in the
Machinery or Apparatus used in producing such improvements, the object of the
invention being to give additional strength to the paper by a more efficient
"felting," or coalition of the fibres of the pulp, which has an effect hitherto only
attained by hand-made papers, and also gives to the finished paper a close
resemblance to papers made by hand. My Invention consists in the application
of one or more streams of air impelled from a suitable mouthpiece (or mouthpieces)
upon the wet pulp as it passes from the slice to the couchrolls in conjunction with
(or without) a similar application of air close under the pulp, and on the underside
of the machine-wire.
In carrying out my invention I support a suitable mouthpiece or mouthpieces
which may be formed like a tube or pipe closely over the wet pulp and extending
across the breadth of the wire from side to side of the deckle-frames, and connected
by pipes to a fan or other suitable blower. I prefer to have the aperture in the
mouthpiece or mouthpieces made adjustable so that it or they can be opened or
closed as desired (or in place of a long aperture it may be found desirable to use a
line or series of holes or short apertures).
When the pulp flows under the "slice" on to the machine-wire, the fibres of the
pulp are drawn in a line parallel with the movement of the wire, an effect slightly
rectified by the "shake"; but by the action of the stream of air impelled against
it, the pulp is more effectually felted, or matted together than heretofore.
If it is found desirable, a jet or stream of air may be impelled against the under-
Bide of the machine wire, as before mentioned, to prevent any chance of the pulp
being forced through the mesh of the wire gauze, and also to aid in some measure
the operation of the air acting above."
A NEW OR IMPROVED ATTACHMENT FOR SHARPENING THAT CLASS OF PENCILS KNOWN AS "SOLID INK PENCILS." OR PENCILS OF AN ANALOGOUS CLASS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Darling at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1883.,
JOHN DARLING, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain "A NEW
OR IMPROVED ATTACHMENT FOR SHARPENING THAT CLASS OF PENCILS KNOWN AS
"SOLID INK PENCILS." OR PENCILS OF AN ANALOGOUS CLASS"
This Invention which relates to a new or improved attachment for sharpening
that class of Pencils known as "Solid Ink Pencils" or pencils of an analogous class,
consists in providing the cylindrical end of the case or holder of such pencils with
a cap capable of being slid upon the said cylindrical part and also of being rotated
thereon by pressure of the thumb and finger.-The outer end of this cap has a hole
formed therein through which the "solid ink" or lead passes for being utilized, and
at the extremity of the said cap an elastic knife or cutter is placed, that is to say,
it is acted upon elastically by means of a spring or the equivalent thereof so that
when moved outwards so as to bear upon the point of the "solid ink" or lead and
rotated by means of the thumb and -finger, the sharp edge of the knife or cutter
acts upon the "solid ink" or pencil point and sharpens it. It is to be understood
that this attachment applies to all pencils in which the drawing or writing
substance, that is to say, a "solid ink" or lead is carried independently of an
encasement of wood or equivalent material.
This, attachment may either be permanently kept upon the end of the pencil
through which the "solid ink" or lead protrudes or it may be made removeable
therefrom and kept separate from the pencil or it may be placed upon or within
the upper end of the pencil casing from which it is or may be removed to the
writing end of the pencil when it is required to sharpen the "solid ink" or lead
therein
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTICLES AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR HOLDING AND PREVENTING POT, CHINA, AND GLASS WARE, AND OTHER ARTICLES, FROM SLIPPING, WHEN THE SURFACE CARRYING THEM IS SUBJECT TO MOTION
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Walley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st August 1883.
HENRY WALLEY of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTICLES AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR HOLDING AND
PREVENTING POT, CHINA, AND GLASS WARE, AND OTHER ARTICLES, FROM SLIPPING,
WHEN THE SURFACE CARRYING THEM IS SUBJECT TO MOTION,"
My invention is intended more particularly for use in ships and vessels at sea,
but is also applicable to "waiters," trays or other like portable articles, and its
object is to hold and prevent pot, china and glass ware, and other articles, when
placed upon tables, side-boards, shelves, floors or other surfaces from slipping or
sliding about by the movement of the ship or vessel.
My invention consists in the use and manufacture of mats, of any desired shape
or size formed of india rubber, or vulcanised india rubber, or combined india
rubber and cloth or felt or other material, the cloth or felt, having a layer of india
rubber on one or both sides, as desired, or the cloth is or may be woven or formed
of threads some of which are of fibrous, or other material while others are of
india rubber.
Or the mats are or may be formed of straw, wicker-work or other suitable ⚫
material, coated or interwoven with strips or cords of india rubber.
Or the mats are or may be stamped or moulded out of india rubber or combined
india rubber and other material.
These mats are placed upon the table or other surface, and the pot, china or
glass ware, or other articles, upon them, so that the mat adheres to the table or
other surface and the article to the mat and is thus held and prevented from
slipping.
My invention also consists in the use and manufacture of covers or cloths to be
placed upon tables or other surfaces when required-these covers being made of
india rubber or of woven felt, or other fabric, coated with india rubber on one or

page_text: both sides as desired, or woven of combined threads of india rubber and fibrous
material.
My invention also consists in attaching in any suitable manner to the surfaces
of tables, side-boards, shelves," waiters trays, and other similar surfaces and like
articles, india rubber or cloth or felt or other material coated with, or having india
rubber applied to the surface which is to sustain the pot, china, or glass ware or
other articles, and hold or prevent it or them from slipping or sliding about.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Kidd and Joseph Mangham
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patonts on the 10th August 1883.
THOMAS KIDD Mechanic, and JOSEPH MANGHAM Loom-fitter both of Burnley in
the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Our invention relates to an Improved arrangement of Lett-off Motion, and
consists of a metallic band, which passes over and partially encircles a collar fixed
on the end of the yarn beam, both ends of the said band are secured to the frame-
work of the loom by a bolt and a suitable formed nut or cam, the requisite friction
or drag being imparted and adjusted by another bolt on which is placed a wedge
or sliding pieco, the said bolt when turned and acting in a chased bearing, contracts
the metallic band and at the same time forces the wedge or sliding piece against
the collar. The friction on the yarn beam may be instantly removed by turning
the nut or cam aforesaid and thereby relieving both ends of the Metallic band.
IMPROVED CARRIAGE OR OTHER DOOR LOCK
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Holden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1883.
JAMES HOLDEN of Swindon in the County of Wilts Engineer,
IMPROVED CARRIAGE OR OTHER DOOR LOCK
"
"A NEW OR
The object of the invention is to provide a simple efficient and durable lock or
fastening for the doors of carriages or other doors.
My invention consists in substituting for the tongue or bolt ordinarily used in
locks of this class a disc of metal the periphery of which is so formed that when
the disc is revolved on its axis it engages or disengages with the standing pillar or
holdfast and by means of a spring is maintained in the desired position.

page_text: L
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th November
1883.
JAMES HOLDEN of Swindon in the County of Wilts, Engineer "A NEW OR
IMPROVED CARRIAGE OR OTHER DOOR LOCK
"
.1
"
The object of my Invention is to provide a simple efficient and durable lock or
fastening for the doors of carriages and other doors.
And in order that my invention may be perfectly understood and readily carried
into practice I will proceed to describe the drawings hereto annexed.
200 I do
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows a plan of the lock with the cover plate removed. Figure 2 is a
section taken through the line a-b of Figure 1 and Figures 3 and 4 are external
views.
.
The novelty of my invention consists in substituting for the tongue or bolt
(ordinarily used in locks of this class) a disc of metal c the periphery of which is
so formed that when the disc is caused to make a partial revolution on its axis d
it engages or disengages with the standing pillar or holdfast and by means of the
spring e is retained in the desired position when locked or unlocked as will be
readily understood on examining the drawing.
Having thus fully described the nature of my invention and the manner of
carrying the same into practice I would observe that I make no claim to any of
the parts separately which are well known and in common use. But what I
claim is:- __
i
T
The new or improved general arrangement and construction of carriage and
other door locks acting substantially in the manner hereinbefore described and
represented in the drawings hereto annexed.
דיך
3 "
In witness whereof I the said James Holden have hereunto set my hand and
seal this Fourteenth day of November in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
-
1
TTOLDEN
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING AIR AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Murray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November 1883.
JAMES MURRAY, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING AIR AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR
EFFECTING THE SAME
"
This Invention which relates to improvements in heating air has for its object
to effect that operation by utilizing the waste heat escaping from the flues of steam-
boiler and other furnaces by causing the said waste heat to be taken up by air
contained in or passing through one or more chambers placed between the flue or
flues and the chimney.-The chamber or chambers into or through which the air
passes to be heated is or are provided with a series of tubes after the manner of a
multitublar boiler and it is through these tubes that the waste products of
combustion pass into the chimney and give up their beat to the air.
The Invention is specially applicable for the supply of heated air for drying
grain as the grain is being scattered in the interior of revolving cylinders or in
other like operations, and it is also applicable for the supply of heated air to drying
stoves generally as well as for drying yarns after being sized or dyed, and for
drying papers and other like purposes.
It is to be understood that in cases where the products of combustion escaping
from the air-heating apparatus hereinbefore described are sufficiently hot that they
may be further passed through what is known as a fuel-economizer for the purpose
of heating the water supplied to the boiler.
It is further to be understood that a fire may be placed between the flue from
which the products of combustion escape and through this fire the said products
are or may be passed so as to be reheated and so that their smoke shall be burnt
prior to passing into or through the tubes of the air-heating chamber or chambers.
IMPROVED PORTABLE FOLDING FISHING AND SHOOTING PUNTS PONTOONS, LIFE BOATS & RAFTS, SUCH BOATS BEING ADAPTED FOR MANY USEFUL PURPOSES ON LAND AS WELL AS ON WATER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Abel Edgar Samels at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1883.
ABEL EDGAR SAMELS of 2 Clarendon Villas Red Hill in the County of Surrey
IMPROVED PORTABLE FOLDING FISHING AND SHOOTING PUNTS PONTOONS, LIFE
BOATS & RAFTS, SUCH BOATS BEING ADAPTED FOR MANY USEFUL PURPOSES ON
LAND AS WELL AS ON WATER
My Invention has for its object the construction of Folding Boats that shall be
rendy for use at any moment either on laud or water, for purposes Civil or
Military
In the construction of my boat two sides extend the full length and between
these are placed the bottom and each end piece, all the parts are then hinged
together with flexible waterproof canvas rubber or other suitable material, which
may extend over the whole inner surface, the strength may be increased where
necessary by adding Metallic hinges
In this position the whole of the parts form a rectangular flat surface like the
top of a table, the sides may be folded on to the bottom, and so occupy but little
space for stowage or transportation
My method of hinging the several pieces is such that directly a slight pressure
is applied to the outer edges of the end pieces, all the parts immediately rise into
position to form a boat where they are secured by a self acting spring catch, cord,
bolt or other suitable fastening
The sides bottom and ends of my boat may be framed of wood metal or other
material with or without air chambers or other methods of increasing their
buoyancy and can be fitted with seats stretchers gunwales rowlocks thole pins
rudders masts bulk heads. shifting keels oars cranks paddles screws or other
appliances usual in ordinary boats
I make ny boats of sufficient strength to stand heavy wear and tear, and
I avoid exposed surfaces of canvas or other flexible material by making the sides
bottom and ends of my boats to cover the whole of the outside of the canvas or
other flexible material and thus protect it from exposure or liability to injury thus.
differing in this respect from most of the collapsible boats hitherto in use

page_text: Among other advantages the boats can be made light, portable, to occupy small
space, are simple in construction and not liable to get out of order in use or in
transit, and the principle of the Invention will apply to Fishing and Shooting
Punts, Life Boats, Life Rafts, Pontoons, Ferry Boats, Ship Barge and Pleasure
Boats, can be used as bulwarks of Shijs, partitions seats or tables as Pontoons !
for crossing streams, or to form the Walls Roof or Floors for Temporary Ho-pitals,
Store Houses, Soldiers Huts, Sentry boxes or other Camp Buildings also as Water
tanks Packing cases for provisions stores and ordinary baggage; to run on wheels
if necessary
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOXES MADE FROM, PAPER, CARDBOARD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN BOXES MADE FROM, PAPER, CARDBOARD OR
SIMILAR MATERIAL communicated to him from abroad by August Brehmer,
of Leipzig, in the kingdom of Saxony.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th June 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN BOXES
MADE FROM PAPER, CARDBOARD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL communicated to me from
abroad by August Brehmer, of Leipzig, in the kingdom of Saxony.
This invention relates to Paper-boxes or Cardboard-boxes of prismatic shape
which may be flattened out or folded down for convenience in storing and
transport.
The different styles of boxes shown on the accompanying drawing in Figs 1 to 9
differ substantially from the folding boxes already in use by the feature that they
can be opened and closed on one of the sides. This is an important improvement
in folding boxes, as it enables one to readily show the contents of the box without
removing the contents from the same.
Fig 10 and Fig 11 represent a box constructed in such a manner that the cover
or lid has on three sides projecting flaps b, b, b which will enter into corre-
sponding slots and thus hold the box firmly together. The boxes shown in the
Figs 1 to 11 can be flattened out entirely, and when made up to form the box, will
close up firmly by means of tucks as shown in the drawings and without requiring
any pasting, stitching or other means of fastening which are necessary for ordinary
paper boxes.
Fig. 13 and Fig 14 represent a method by which folding boxes of very flat or
tubular shape can be closed up.
The ends or lids a a are made so long, that they will extend beyond the narrow
sides of the box and allow of their being fastened with their tucks in corresponding
apertures on the flat side of the box.

page_text: nd 16. These shapes, however, may be replaced by others, for instance by unose
hown in Figs 17 and 18.
CLAIMS:
A folding-box made from one piece of card-board or similar material provided
with the described means of forming a rigid and closed receptacle without the
application of paste or separate fasteners; substantially as described and
illustrated by Figs. 1 to 11.
A folding box made from one piece of cardboard or similar material and adapted
to be opened at both ends as well as on one side, substantially as described
and illustrated by Figs. 1 to 11
3. A folding box mado from one piece of card-board or similar material and
provided with lids a, a the tucks of which are adapted to enter into corre-
sponding apertures at one of the flat sides of the box, substantially as described
and illustrated by Figs. 12, 13 and 14.
In witness whereof I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 28th day of June A.D. 1883.
IT
T HADDANT
IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE FOR ORGAN BLOWERS AND OTHER MECHANISM WHERE THERE IS A COMPARATIVELY CONSTANT POWER BUT A VARYING DEMAND FOR THE FLUID OPERATED UPON
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ainsworth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1883.
WILLIAM AINSWORTH of Blackburn in the county of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN REGULATING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE FOR ORGAN BLOWERS AND OTHER
MECHANISM WHERE THERE IS A COMPARATIVELY CONSTANT POWER BUT A VARYING
DEMAND FOR THE FLUID OPERATED UPON "
In organ blowing the quantity of air used varies incessantly. In pumping the
air therefore by means of a gas engine or other nearly constant motor, the
accumulator is apt to get filled and thus cause a greater pressure than that to
which it is weighted. To prevent this I attach the engine to the blowing
apparatus, to a slotted link by means of a connecting rod from each of them. In
the slot which extends beyond the actual centre upon which the connecting rod of
the pumping apparatus is pivoted a stationary pin, or pin and block works These
and the slot are so shaped that when at the end of the slot, the stationary pin and
the last mentioned connecting rod pivot are in line. The link is suspended from a
lever or other mechanism on the accumulator so that exactly as the accumulator
fills so shall the link fall (or rise as it may be) and by this means the stroke of the
blowing or pumping apparatus is shortened relatively to that of the engine until
when the accumulator is filled the two pivots come in line and all motion of the
blowing or pumping apparatus ceases. The connection with the top of the
accumulator and the link is so arranged that the link when oscillated by the engine
shall have free or nearly free angular play on the stationary pin and by this means
all or nearly all relative motion of the pin and its block on the link, owing to the
angularity of the engine connecting rod is avoided
It will be seen at once that instead of making the link to lift up and down the
fulcrum already described as a stationary pin could be made movable, and instead
of a slotted link a solid link working in a slotted block or between two studs could
be used. The main idea of the invention being to cause the filling of the accumu-
lator to shorten and at length annihilate the stroke of the pumping or blowing
apparatus it is very easy to alter the actual design indefinitely and yet accomplish
the same result.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS OF ADVERTISING.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November 1883.
A communication from Adrien Ralu a person resident at Eaubonne in the
republic of France.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 8 rue
de la Chausseé d'Antin, Paris, France, and 90 Cannon Street in the city of London,
Patent Agent, A NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS OF ADVERTISING. Communicated to
me by Adrien Ralu, a person resident at Eaubonne, in the republic of France,
The invention relates to a new means of obtaining publicity in utilising the
inner surface of envelopes for advertising purposes by covering the said surface
with letterpress, lithographic, or other printing.
The envelopes may be made in three different ways.
1 The paper is cut by machine as usual; the advertisement is printed on the
inner surface; the flaps are turned down by machine as usual, but not gummed at
the time; this is done afterwards by hand, and when dry so that they may not
stick together they are refolded in such a manner that the flaps may be turned
back and the advertisement seen; the person using the envelope moistens all the
edges, and fastens it up.
2nd The envelope may be manufactured and the flaps gummed up by machine
as usual, the advertisement is then printed only on the inside of the flap generally
used to fasten up the envelope, and on the part of the inner surface of the front of
the envelope ordinarily visible when the envelope is used.
3rd The envelope may be made in another way, viz. a slip of paper is cut to
the required length and width, and on one of its surfaces the advertisement is
printed leaving a suitable margin lengthwise on each side; one end of the slip
is cut in the form of the ordinary flap, the other end is cut away to correspond
with the flap. Both ends are folded and superposed, then the two sides and
the upper part are perforated in their whole length by an ordinary perforating
machine, gummed up between the line of perforations and the edges of the slip;
In this manner in tearing the three bands thus formed by the perforations the
part of the band on which the advertisement is printed, remains isolated, and may
be preserved.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN CONDUCTORS FOR ELECTRICAL RAILWAYS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Edward Montagu Dorrington Clotworthy Upton
of Marlborough Club Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex for an Invention
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Edward Montagu
Dorrington Clotworthy Upton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 7th July 1883.
HENRY EDWARD MONTAGU DORRINGTON CLOTWORTHY UPTON of Marlborough
Club Pall Mall in the County of Middlesex "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CONDUCTORS
FOR ELECTRICAL RAILWAYS
"
In electrical railways' as they are now arranged, the conductors by which
electricity is supplied to the train are necessarily exposed along the whole length
of the line so that the brush or wheel which moves along them may at all points
have good contact with them. My invention consists in arranging the conductors
so that they are only exposed at a number of points separated by intervals which
are nearly as great as the length of the train. For this purpose, I provide on the
train a conducting bar extending its whole length or nearly so, and I provide fixed
conductors insulated along their whole length except at successive points at a
distance from each other nearly equal to the length of the bar, these points
terminating in brushes. or rollers along which the bar can run. Thus while the
bar is in contact with any one of these, the train is supplied with electricity, and as
the bar, before leaving contact with one, has come into contact with the next in
order, the supply is continuous.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPINNING AND TWISTING RINGS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Mayoh`at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th July 1883.
BENJAMIN MAYOH, of Eagley near Bolton in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPINNING AND TWISTING RINGS, AND
IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
My invention has reference to improvements in Spinning or Twisting Rings,
such as are used in that class of spinning machinery known in the art as Ring
Spinning Machines, and consists in forming or making them of glass in lieu of
iron, or other metallic materials as hitherto, with an improved method of lubricating
the same from the ring or travelling rail.
Under the present system, spinning rings are made of suitable metallic materials,
on which, works the ordinary metallic traveller; which has the effect of wearing
the travelled edge considerably, thus making the surface waved or fluted, causing
the traveller to jump or jerk; thus producing uneven yarn. To minimise this
detrimental effect, the ring and traveller has to be lubricated with oil or other
substances of a greasy nature, which it is impossible to prevent coming into
contact with the yarn; causing considerable waste in the yarn produced.
The object of my invention is to entirely obviate these defects, and which I
accomplish by making the spinning or twisting rings entirely of glass, by moulding
or otherwise, of any suitable shape or size, to meet the requirements of the various
kinds of ring frames; and on which the ordinary traveller sits or travels on or
round as usual.
The spinning or twisting rings are fastened in any convenient way into the
travelling rail, which is provided with a cavity, containing water or other liquids
for the purpose of lubrication, being conducted or supplied to the point of contact
through holes provided for the purpose.
The novelty of this invention is that of making the spinning and Twisting Rings
entirely of glass; thus reducing the cost considerably, at the same time reducing
the friction to a minimum and their liability to wear.
Another important feature is, that spoiled yarn from the means of lubricating
will be entirely dispensed with, the water or liquid lubricant being a means of
improving the yarn, than otherwise.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLOSING AND OPENING [OPENING AND CLOSING] CURTAINS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Webster at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th February 1883.
THOMAS WEBSTER of Edinburgh in the County of Mid Lothian North Britain
"AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLOSING AND OPENING [OPENING AND CLOSING]
CURTAINS"
This Invention relates to an improved apparatus for opening and closing window
and other curtains and it consists of a curtain pole having a groove cut in it
throughout and parallel to its length. In the groove one, two or more bars or
rods are placed and the said bars or rods may be constructed so as to bear and
slide on the bottom of the groove in the pole, or they may be furnished with
rollers which run on the bottom of the groove. The said bars or rods carry the
whole, or the principal part of the weight of the curtains, the rings to which the
curtains are attached being hung upon them and, preferably in the top side of each
of the bars or rods, a slot is cut, parallel with the length of the bar or rod, into
which a tongue or stud or tongues or studs, formed on or fixed in one or more of
the curtain rings, enters. By drawing the curtains, either to close or open them,
the bars or rods are propelled along the groove in the pole by the tongue or stud
in the master curtain ring.
At the end of each bar or rod nearest to the next bar or rod, that is to say where
the curtains meet, or at both ends of each bar or rod a tail or projecting piece is
formed or fixed on the bar or rod to prevent the curtain rings from slipping off.
The apparatus hereinbefore described, by the use of which, friction is reduced to
a minimum, may be adapted to straight or bent curtain poles, and when used with
bent poles the bars or rods are made jointed or flexible so as to move easily round
the angle of the pole.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MEDICATED FOOD
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Isidore Flasschoen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1883.
CHARLES ISIDORE FLASSCHOEN, Physician of the city of Paris in the Republic
of France "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MEDICATED FOOD
"
The object of this invention is to introduce into matters of daily consumption,
such as bread, chocolate, biscuits and so forth, certain medicinal properties that will
assist, digestion and nutrition
It being specially adapted to persons of delicate health and for children whilst
growing, the matters thus introduced not affecting the taste in the least degree,
the food is readily taken without the slightest objection.
To every 500 grammes of bread, biscuit or chocolate the several ingredients are
added in the following proportions viz
To every 500 grammes of bread are added in its manufacture 2 centigrammes
of iron, 7 milligrammes of manganese, and 50 centigrammes of Phosphate of
lime.
In the manufacture of chocolate tablets to every 500 grammes are added
20 centigrammes of iron, 7 centigrammes of manganese and 5 grammes of Phosphate
of lime.
To every dozen of table biscuits are added 12 centigrammes of iron 4 centi-
grammes of manganese and from 3 to 6 grammes of phosphate of lime.
The iron and manganese are employed in the form of carbonates.
The above proportions are given merely as an example, and it should be observed
that a sufficient quantity of the salts referred to should be used to have the desired
effect, or in other words the proportions are variable the principal object being to
increase nutrition
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING A VACUUM TO FACILITATE THE EMPLOYMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FOR THE PROPULSION OF MACHINERY AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Boxill Robertson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1883.
SAMUEL BOXILL ROBERTSON of Bedford Row in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING A VACUUM TO
FACILITATE THE EMPLOYMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FOR THE PROPULSION
OF MACHINERY AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN
The Invention has for its object improvements in the method of producing and
maintaining a vacuum to facilitate the employment of atmospheric pressure for the
propulsion of machinery and for other purposes and in means or apparatus employed
therein.
For this purpose an air tight chamber is employed into which is introduced a
water supply pipe having one or more contracted outlets or nozzles. This pipe is
supplied from a head of water.
In close juxta-position to the nozzle or nozzles and in line but not in contact
therewith is a discharge or exhaust pipe of suitable form and divergent or flaring
towards the point of discharge. This pipe passes through the wall of the chamber
to the outside thereof whence the water is discharged carrying air with it.
The chamber is connected with the vessel or object in which a vacuum is required
by means of a pipe issuing from the chamber at any convenient part thereof.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
The water issuing with velocity from the contracted nozzle of the supply pipe
and entering the discharge or exhaust pipe draws the air contained in the chamber
along with it and thus creates and maintains a vacuum or partial vacuum therein
and in any vessel or object with which it is connected.
The vacuum thus produced can be used to move various kinds of machinery for
which vacuum power may be employed and thus dispenses with the use of
condensers and with pumps engines and other devices for maintaining a vacuum.
The Invention is also intended to be applied on board ships or vessels to maintain
a vacuum or partial vacuum

page_text: The Invention is based on the principle of exhaustion to be derived either from
the velocity of water obtained on land through the natural force of gravitation
and passing through suitable channels and mouth pieces or in ships or vessels
through the speed of those vessels themselves.
In applying the Invention to ships or vessels a pipe connects the exhaust pipe of
a marine engine or the hold or other part of a vessel with an opening or chamber
of suitable form below the water line.
The passage of the vessel through the water, when under way, or the passage of
the water past the vessel when at anchor and at rest in a sufficiently rapid tideway
or current will produce and maintain a self acting exhaust
AN IMPROVED SURGICAL BELT AND BED STAY
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cornelius Bennett Harness at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1883.
CORNELIUS BENNETT HARNESS, of Holborn Viaduct in the City of London
"AN IMPROVED SURGICAL BELT AND BED STAY."
My invention relates to a combined bed stay and abdominal belt, serving as a
support for the spine, hips and stomach.
This appliance is made in such a manner as to be adjustable to any figure and to
form a perfect support for the hips and is so fitted to, and secured upon, the figure
and legs that it is not liable to slip or become displaced by any movement of the
body or limbs, but at the same time will permit the free movement of the thigh
joints and the limbs generally. It is calculated to preserve a perfect figure and is
a useful surgical appliance in obstetric and other cases. In conjunction with a
brace and bust support it forms a perfect stay and belt.
In carrying my said invention into practice, according to one method I make the
article in two parts which are joined vertically at the back by lacing or other
suitable means. The upper portion is provided with steel busks and strips of
whalebone inserted in pockets in the ordinary manner of making stays. The
portion which surrounds the abdomen is provided with gussets of elastic or wire
webbing, and below this part there are extensions furnished with straps which fit
around the limbs at the thighs and below the knees of the wearer and are secured
thereon by means of buckles.
My improved surgical belt and bed stay can be manufactured of any suitable
material with elastic or wire webbings to form the fall of the figure, the front being
fastened with busks or lacings as may be required, and the number of bones or
lacings being increased or diminished as may be deemed advisable and more or less
wire or elastic webbings inserted.
The said straps are either made entirely of the same material as the body of the
article or they are provided with elastic webs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRESSING HEMP
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Gooder of Field Lane, Thornes, near Wakefield,
Engineer and Henry Walton Whitehead of the firm of Taylor Wordsworth
and Company of Leeds both in the County of York for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRESSING HEMP
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Gooder and Henry
Walton Whitehead at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
3rd September 1883.
LOUIS GOODER of Field Lane, Thornes, near Wakefield, Engineer, and HENRY
WALTON WHITEHEAD of the firm of Taylor Wordsworth and Company, of Leeds,
both in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRESSING
HEMP"
16
Our improvements have reference to machinery usually known as 'Goods
double sheet preparers for Manilla and other hemps."
These improvements consist in the adaptation of a roller armed or covered on
its periphery, with pins. These pins may be applied to wooden, iron, brass or
other suitable lagging attached in the ordinary way to the roller, but we prefer
dispensing with the lagging and construct the roller of wrought iron tubing, the
pins being inserted therein obtaining thereby a roller of increased firmness or
solidity. The pins are slightly curved in order better to hold the hemp.
The roller is mounted on a framework between the slow and the fast sheet of
the herein before mentioned machine and whilst such machine is working the roller
is caused to revolve thereby hackling or combing out a large quantity of lumps
usually found in hemp preparatory to the material being taken on to the fast
travelling sheet.
The roller has also the effect of retarding the material so that the fast motion
sheet may more effectually operate thereon.

page_text: the parts we have described and shewn as the same may be varied or modified
ithout departing from the nature of our Said Invention what we do claim is :—
The arrangement construction and application of roller d having pins e
provided thereon for hackling or combing out the lumps from hemp, also for
retarding the motion of the same as it passes from the slow motion to the
fast motion travelling sheet substantially as herein set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said Henry Walton Whitehead for myself and
on behalf of the said Louis Gooder have hereunto set my hand and seal
this twenty eighth day of December in the year of Our Lord one thousand
eight bundred and eighty three.
HENRY WALTON WHITEHEAD (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Campbell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st December 1883.
HUGH CAMPBELL of Leeds in the County of York, Engineer
IN GAS MOTOR ENGINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This invention has for its object to simplify the construction and to utilize the
waste hent of motors working with combustible gas or vapor.
In the improved (motor there are two single acting cylinders preferably placed
side by side, one the motor cylinder, the other the pump cylinder.
The motor cylinder is made of the ordinary construction with exhaust ports at
its outer end and the pump cylinder is cast with a number of deep circumferential
ribs. Both cylinders are placed in a casting formed for their reception and
constituting a jacket for the cylinders. This casting is divided transversely about
midway of the length of the cylinders into two parts.
In one part of the jacket, round the ignition end of the motor cylinder water
circulates to take up the heat therefrom, and travelling over the cold deep ribbed
surface of the pump cylinder the water will give up a large portion of its heat.
In the other part of the jacket the exhaust ports of the motor cylinder open
directly on to the deep ribbed surface of the pump cylinder, thus the exhaust gases
as they leave the motor cylinder, pass over the ribbed surface and impart a portion
of their heat thereto before being discharged by a pipe to the atmosphere.
In a modification of my improved gas engine the casting which forms the jacket
is divided longitudinally or parallel to the cylinder's centre lines and water
traverses the whole of the motor cylinder to a certain depth. On the water being
evaporated by the heat from the inside of the motor cylinder, the vapor or steam
is conducted through holes or passages in the division wall to the deep ribbed
surface of the pump cylinder where it is met by the hot exbaust gases from the
motor cylinder, and the steam and exhaust gases mingling with one another heat
the pump cylinder to a high degree.
The steam and exhaust gases are then conducted away through a jacketed pipe.
On the inner surface of this jacket ribs are cast with suitable holes in them for
the passage of cold air to supply the engine,

page_text: The waste steam is allowed to condense in a tank ready for re-evaporation and
the exhaust gases are led by a pipe to the atmosphere.
The inlet for the gas supply to the motor consists of a number of small ports
arranged round a circular pipe, and the motor is controlled by a ring it being
rotated on its axis round the said pipe thereby opening or completely shutting off t
the said ports by the action of an ordinary speed governor.
The ignition of the gas I prefer to effect by the aid of red hot metal in place of
a naked flame.