matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF GAS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Cadett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
April 1873.
I, THOMAS CADETT, of Rosherville, in the County of Kent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PRODUCTION OF GAS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING PURPOSES," to be as follows :-
My Invention relates to the production of gas from the substance
known as peat, turf, or bog, combined either with wood or coal tar, pitch,
resin, asphaltum, or other resinous or bituminous substance, or with
petroleum or other oil.
The peat or turf having been cut or obtained in blocks in the ordinary
manner is first dried by exposure to the air or by artificial heat, and is
then immersed or soaked in one or other of the above substances, it being
afterwards submitted to pressure in moulds to thoroughly impregnate it
with the tar or other substance and express any superfluity. The peat

page_text: having been thus treated is placed in the retort, and a layer of dried
peat which has not been so charged is then superposed to absorb any
vapors of tar which may escape, and which would otherwise pass over
with the gas, the latter being generated from the peat in the same
manner as when coal is employed for the purpose.
AN IMPROVED MODE OR METHOD OF UNITING OR CONNECTING METALLIC BANDS OR SHEETS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Jennings Mc Comb at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th May 1873.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Garrett Johnsen, of New Orleans, in the State of Louisiana, United
States of America.
I, JAMES JENNINGS M° COMB, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OR METHOD OF UNITING OR CONNECTING
METALLIC BANDS OR SHEETS," to be as follows :—
The object of this Invention is to form a fastening at or near the ends
of metallic bands or hoops, or near the edges of metallic sheets, whereby
such ends or sheets may be united or connected together with facility.
The ends of metallic bands or hoops have sometimes been connected
together by means of a stud or dovetail on one part being made to take
into a hole or slot made in the other. Or if a permanent connection of
the parts has been required this has been done by means of rivets.
The improved mode of uniting, connecting, or fastening metallic bands
or hoops which forms the subject of the present Invention, consists in

page_text: forming by a punching process tongues at or near the end or edge of the
band, hoop, or sheet. The formation of these tongues produces corre-
sponding openings or mouths which are so arranged that the tongue at
the one end of the band or hoop will be inserted in the mouth or opening
made at the other end, and vice versa. Upon drawing the bands tight
a secure fastening is produced, and thus the two ends may be either
permanently or temporarily united or connected.
If the connection is to be permanent, the tongues may be flattened
down by a blow or two from a hammer, which will cause them to hold
tight, and will prevent the ends of the bands or hoops from being dis-
united by any acidental loosening of the bands.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COM- PRESSING PEAT AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th November 1873.-A communication from abroad by Jean
Moro and Felix Antoine Moro, both of Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COM-
PRESSING PEAT AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," a communication, to be as
follows:-
The said Invention relates to apparatus for compressing peat and for
other like purposes, and is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the said apparatus ;
Figure 2 is a plan of the same; Figure 3 shews a detached portion of
the said apparatus. Like letters indicate the same parts in these
Figures.
A is a toothed frame; B, an eccentric; C is a hopper; M is a jointed
mechanism; P, P, are pistons; D, D, are pulleys; S is a sector; T is
the valve of the said hopper; U, the discharge tube; V, V, are valves;
Z, Z, are reservoirs.
AN ARRANGEMENT FOR UTILISING THE WASTE HEAT FROM COKE OVENS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lord at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th December
1878.
I, JOHN LORD, of Waterfoot, in Rossendale, in the County of
Lancaster, Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN ARRANGEMENT FOR UTILISING THE WASTE HEAT FROM COKE
OVENS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in applying the waste heat from coke ovens to
the generating of steam or the heating of water for useful purposes.
In applying the said waste heat to the generating of steam I make
use of a steam boiler of any ordinary or approved construction, the same
being fitted up and furnished with the usual and necessary flue or flues.
I either place the said boiler alongside or above the coke oven, and
cause a flue to conduct the heat from the oven to the flue or flues of the
boiler, after passing through which the heat is allowed to escape into the
chimney.
In applying the said waste heat to the heating of water I make use of

page_text: means of a flue or flues I pass the heat from the oven into or about the
heating apparatus in the usual manner, after which the heat is allowed
to escape into the chimney.
Dampers and flues are provided so that when the generating of steam
or heating of water is not required the heat may be turned directly into 5
the chimney.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Rodolphus Croger at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th November 1873.
I, THOMAS RODOLPHUS CROGER, of 13, Union Square, Islington, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in umbrellas and
parasols.
A great objection to the ordinary make of umbrella is that after a
time the covering becomes worn into holes by the friction upon it of the
joints which connect the ribs and stretchers, and also of the joints
connecting the stretchers with the runner. These parts always present
irregularities and angles which tend to chafe the covering fabric, and
this chafing action is only for a time and imperfectly prevented by
sewing around these parts pieces of fabric or leather as is now usual.
According to my Invention I enclose the joints of the ribs and
stretchers each in a small case of sheet metal stamped and closed upon

page_text: the rib. This case is so shaped as to keep the covering fabric entirely
out of contact with the joint, and so that itself it exposes no angles or
irregularity to chafe the covering fabric. I also surround the joints of
the stretchers and runner with a metal cup which encloses the whole of
them. The cup prevents the covering fabric from coming into contact E
with the joints, and is itself perfectly smooth on the exterior, so that it
may not itself chafe the fabric.
In order that the cup may not interfere with the action of the joints
it is made to slide upon the runner, and is provided with springs which,
when the umbrella is closed, hold it in its place over the joints, but as 1
the umbrella opens these springs yield and allow the cup to recede out
of the way.
The Invention is annlicable to all sorts of umbrellas and also to
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COUNTING
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bernard Cooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
November 1878.
I, BERNARD COOKE, of Brown's Town, Thurles, in the County of
Tipperary, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COUNTING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to self-acting apparatus for counting and
indicating the number of persons entering or leaving apartments,
buildings, omnibuses, and other places and vehicles; and consists in the
combination with the axis of a hinged door of a spring pall which each
time the door is opened acts upon and partially turns a ratchet wheel
the spindle of which carries a pinion for driving an ordinary train of
counting wheels. The ratchet wheel and the large wheels of the train
carry numbers on their faces which by the aid of stationary pointers
indicate the number of persons passing through the doorway or other

page_text: entrance, the ratchet wheel indicating units, the next wheel tens, the
next hundreds, and so on to any number required. A spring detent
serves to prevent the ratchet wheel from turning the wrong way, and
this detent is free to be thrown back when it is required to reset the
counting mechanism.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING TOPS PRODUCING VARIOUS SOUNDS WHILST IN MOTION
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Laurent Marie René Péan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd April 1873.
I, LAURENT MARIE RÉNÉ PÉAN, Merchant, of 96, Faubourg du
Temple, Paris, France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING TOPS PRODUCING VARIOUS SOUNDS WHILST
IN MOTION," to be as follows:-
The features of novelty in this Invention consist in the construction
of spinning tops producing various sounds whilst in motion, which is
effected by dividing them internally into two or more compartments
by means of partitions, either of a rigid or elastic substance forming
so many air chambers, having openings on the exterior surface com-
municating with the external air.
Figure 1 represents a section of a top constructed on the above
principle; Figure 2 is a front view of the same.
A, B, C, D, indicates the external surface of the body of the top;
this body is composed of two copper or other metal shells B, D, the edge

page_text: of the upper one being moulded and bent so as to unite it with the
lower one by means of the division A, C, F. Other divisions may be
established as desired, so that the number of air chambers H, H², may
be augmented and their dimensions varied so as to produce a variety of
sounds.
Each air chamber has one or more openings H", so that the sound
may be produced under the best auspices.
F, G, represents a cylindrical tube traversing the body of the top in a
vertical manner; within this tube a shaft K passes; this latter is movable
and serves for the rotation of the body of the top. The upper end K'
is a small handle to facilitate spinning. The lower extremity K"
terminates in a conical point made with a rim to prevent the exit of
the shaft from the tube F", G.
In spinning the top it is merely necessary to wind a piece of string
round the tube at I, whilst maintaining the axis K" of the shaft on a
smooth surface, and the top will spin for some time whilst humming
continuously several notes.
Figure 3 is a modification of the same principle; in this case the tube
and shaft are not continuous inside the body, the tube being suppressed
at the lower axis on which the top pivots. At the top a simple tube L 2
suffices, inside which it bears a small shaft M terminating in a plate N
serving to augment or diminish the volume of the air chambers for
effecting the variations of sound whilst the top spins, this plate acting
on the elastic division P, R.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FUEL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Birbeck Knight at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th October 1873.
I, GEORGE BIRBEOK KNIGHT, of Luton, in the County of Bedford,
Agriculturist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FUEL," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the combination of chalk, tar, saltpetre,
Swedish pitch, rosin, and sawdust in the manufacture of a composition to
be used either as a substitute for ordinary coal fuel or in aid of it.
In carrying my Invention into effect I first dry the raw chalk in kilns,
or by such like means by which the chalk may be thoroughly dried;
carbonic acid gas is then admitted to the chalk, and then to every ton
of the chalk or thereabouts I add 6lbs. of Swedish pitch, 1lb. of salt-
petre, 1lb. of rosin prepared by boiling before mixture with the chalk;
the compound obtained is then sprinkled with sawdust for use. The
proportions of the ingredients may however be varied.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION AND ADAPTATION OF FITTINGS FOR THE RECEPTION OF SALIVA TO RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CARRIAGES, AND TO THE UPHOLSTERY OF BILLIARD OR SMOKING Rooms
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lawrance David Phillips at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th December 1873.
I, LAWRANCE DAVID PHILLIPS, of George Street, Hanover Square, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION AND ADAPTATION OF FITTINGS FOR
THE RECEPTION OF SALIVA TO RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
CARRIAGES, AND TO THE UPHOLSTERY OF BILLIARD OR SMOKING Rooms," to be as
follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of providing a receptacle or
thoroughfare for the reception or passage of saliva, that will be con-
veniently situated near to the smoker or occupant of the division or
compartment of the carriage or chair lounge, or other seat in billiard or
smoking rooms, and which will at the same time present no obstacle to
the convenience or comfort of the occupants of such divisions, compart-
ments, or seats.
In order that the construction and application of the Invention may
T
11 deconiha
Axampl

page_text: the divisions of a railway carriage compartment, such adaptation being
equally applicable with slight modifications thereof in detail to other
settees, couches, chairs, or ottomans in billiard or smoking rooms.
In the arm forming the division between the seats of a railway
carriage is formed a recess or thoroughfare into which a vessel can be f
placed for the reception of saliva, or in lieu of a vessel being placed
therein the recess can be deepened so as to form a passage or thorough-
fare through the floor or basement of the carriage, so that the saliva can
pass right away to the ground. The thoroughfare or funnel for this
purpose being by preference conically formed, that is having a larger
opening at the top than at the bottom or exit orifice. The entrance to
the receptacle or thoroughfare is provided with a lid or cover hinged to
the framing of the carriage, which forms when down the ordinary
upholstered elbow rest or top of the divisional arm.
AN IMPROVED COATING FOR RENDERING NAILS, WASHERS, BOLTS, NUTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES ANTI- CORROSIVE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jonathan Grimshaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th September 1873.
I, JONATHAN GRIMSHAW, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COATING FOR
RENDERING NAILS, WASHERS, BOLTS, NUTS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES ANTI-
CORROSIVE," to be as follows :—
The Invention consists in the application of lead as a coating for nails,
washers, bolts, nuts, and other similar articles.
The object of this process is to obtain a more even surface or coating
and at less expense than by galvanizing, tinning, or any other known
process or application.
The nails, washers, bolts, nuts, and other articles having been. formed
they are placed in a solution of aquafortis or other known acid for
removing the scale and other impurities from the surface of the metal;
this being removed the articles are covered with spirits of salts or other

page_text: suitable known medium, after which they are thrown into a bath of
pure molten lead, by which means they are covered with a coating of
that metal, and afterwards washed until perfectly clean. This covering
has the effect of preserving the articles from the action of the atmo-
sphere, thereby preventing corrosion.
A NEW COMPOUND MULTIPLYING FISHING REEL WITH REVOLVING HANDLE PLATE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Reuben George Heaton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st February 1873.
I, REUBEN GEORGE HEATON, Trading under the Name of Reuben
Heaton, Manufacturer, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "A NEW COMPOUND
MULTIPLYING FISHING REEL WITH REVOLVING HANDLE PLATE," to be as follows,
(that is to say) :-
:-
My improvements mainly consist in recessing one of the side discs and
placing on its axis a pinion facing outwards towards the recess, and con-
necting the pinion to a hollow axis working through the corresponding
plate for winding the line on, and over the recess before referred to; on
the outside of the side or disc I apply a plate with a rim around its
interior, having teeth cut on its inner edge, which teeth gear with an
intermediate wheel acting on the pinion before referred to; this outer
plate works on an independent axis passing through the axis on which
the line is wound, and secured in position by the spreading head of a
screw on the other side; and in order to give motion to this plate a small

page_text: handle is applied to the same so that in action the outer plate is made to
revolve by the handle which from the teeth on its inside acting on the
intermediate wheel gives motion to the pinion and winding axis, the
multiple of motion being regulated by the size of the pinion and inter-
mediate wheel; this arrangement affords additional multiplying power
and simplify the construction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stanislas Louis Delalot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th October 1873.
.
I, STANISLAS LOUIS DELALOT, of Paris, in the French Republic, but
at present of 5, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL," to be as follows:-
The object and intention of this Invention is to render iron and steel
proof against rust when exposed to the action of the atmosphere, water,
or other natural oxydizing agent.
The means by which I propose to accomplish the above object are as
follows:-I take iron or steel, and having placed it in a suitable vessel
or cupola proceed to melt it to a liquid or semi-fluid state by subjecting
it to that point of fusion commonly practised for casting into moulds or
ingots. I then add thereto nickel in the following proportions of the
nickel to the iron or steel:-To every 220 pounds 5 ounces of iron or
steel I add 2 pounds 3 ounces and 3 drachms of nickel, or as near as
may be 1 part by weight of nickel to every 100 parts by weight of iron

page_text: or steel. After these two metals have been in contact for 10 or 15
minutes they will have become thoroughly mixed and incorporated,
when the molten mass can then be run into moulds or ingots.
Cast iron treated in the above manner can afterwards be converted
into wrought iron and steel by any of the known processes, and will be 5
found equal in quality to iron and steel as heretofore manufactured by
the most approved processes, and will only differ therefrom by having
acquired the novel and peculiar property of being perfectly inoxydizablo
or not capable of being injuriously affected by the action of the
atmosphere, water, or other of the common oxydizing agents or influences 1
which now oxydize iron and steel as heretofore manufactured.
I would here observe that instead of employing nickel, only the nickel
may be mixed with cobalt in about equal proportions by weight of each
of these ingredients, or cobalt only may be employed instead of the
aforesaid mixture of nickel and cobalt, in which latter case I use the 1
cobalt in the same proportion to the iron or steel as when using nickel
or nickel mixed with cobalt, namely, about one part of cobalt to every
100 parts of iron or steel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETTING MACHINES EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Storry at the Office of
the Commissioners for Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
February 1873.
I, ALFRED STORRY, of Bramley, near Leeds, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RIVETTING MACHINES EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES," to
be as follows
On suitable framework I mount a headstock, in which is fitted a sliding
tool holder, to which a vertical reciprocating motion is imparted in a
similar manner to a slotting machine of ordinary construction. On the
tool holder is fixed the rivetting tool.
On the framework and in connection with the headstock is provided
another slide on which is fitted a saddle capable of adjustment. In this
saddle is fitted a sliding table to which a vertical sliding motion may be
given by a cam, treadle motion, or their equivalents. This arrangement
is made so that the table can be raised or lowered to suit the irregularity
of form. On the table is placed the carrier, on which the iron last is
mounted; a traversing movement is imparted to it by a pinion gearing

page_text: into a rack on the carrier, a rotary intermittent motion being given to
the pinion through suitable gearing and ratchet motion.
On the headstock is provided an arrangement for feeding the rivets as
hereafter described, by which arrangement the rivets are fed one by one
point downwards, and conducted under the rivetting tool thereby driven
into or through the soles and heels of boots and shoes, and rivetted,
securing by this means the soles and heels to the uppers.
The rivets are fed from a hopper fixed in a suitable position on the
upper part of the machine, from which they are carried forward by a
worm or screw, and dropped one by one on to a pair of jaws; these I
cause to open and shut, by which operation the rivets are passed between
the jaws point downwards through a conducting tube and under the
rivetting tool.
In case of any obstruction taking place in the passage of the rivets I
by preference give motion to the feeder by friction pulleys, which cease
to act the moment any obstruction takes place.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hodson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th.
September 1873.
I, WILLIAM HODSON, of the Town and County of the Town of
Kingston-upon-Hull, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare tho nature
of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES," to be as follows :—
This Invention of improvements in machinery for the manufacture of
bricks, tiles, and other analogous articles, relates to improved machinery
for moulding plastic substances, and has for its object to render such
machinery capable of producing a greater quantity than heretofore of
moulded articles of superior quality, and to increase the general
efficency of the machinery employed in the manufacture of bricks, pipes,
tiles, and other analogous articles from plastic material. To this end I
employ by preference the ordinary pug mill which is provided with
inclined knives, or other clay preparing machines may be used to force
or compress the clay or other plastic substance into the moulding part
of the machine which is attached to the lower part of the pug mill or
"

page_text: "
attached to the frame of the machine, the rollers will be caused to
open out," cach set carrying its own portion of moulded clay. By this
means the removal of the bricks will be greatly facilitated, after which
the rollers can be pushed back into their former positions ready to again
receive a fresh charge of moulded articles.
IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES FOR THE PURPOSE OF ECONOMISING FUEL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dunn at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th March
1873.
I, JOHN DUNN, junior, of Cockerton, in the County of Durham,
Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES FOR THE PURPOSE
OF ECONOMISING FUEL," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an apparatus whereby the consumption of
fuel in the grates of ordinary fire-places is greatly economised. The
apparatus is constructed of fire-clay or other similar and suitable
substance, and the top thereof is bevilled or sloped from back to front,
the bottom being level for the purpose of allowing it to rest evenly
upon the fire-bars of the grate when the apparatus is placed therein. The
apparatus when in its place covers nearly the whole of the lower part of
the grate, that is to say, when the back of the apparatus rests against
the back plate of the grate the front reaches to within about an inch of
the front bars thereof. The front of the apparatus consists of a number
of conical teeth or projections, the spaces between such teeth or pro-

page_text: jections being sufficient for the purpose of supplying the necessary
amount of air to the incandescent fuel.
It will be readily understood that when the fire has been lighted in the
grate in which the apparatus has been placed the conical teeth or pro-
jections will speedily become heated to a red heat, and as the fuel rests
on and between the same, its perfect combustion will be ensured, and
thus whilst a smaller quantity of fuel will be consumed a greater
amount of heat will be radiated into the room or apartment in which
the grate is situated than by the methods ordinarily employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVE AND OTHER PIPES, AND IN ELBOWS OR COUPLINGS FOR THE SAME, a communication be as follows:
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th January 1873.-A communication from abroad by Andrew
Gormly Myers, of the City and State of New York, United States
of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVE AND OTHER
PIPES, AND IN ELBOWS OR COUPLINGS FOR THE SAME, a communication, to be
as follows:-
-
"
This Invention has for its object the construction of joints in
stove and other similar pipes, and in elbows or couplings therefor,
and is designed to render them adjustable so that the parts connected
by the said joints may be set in line with each other to form a straight
pipe, or at any desired angle to each other to form a bent or curved
pipe.
The said Invention consists in making a flange around each picce
of the pipe or elbow at the joint, the flange on one piece lapping over

page_text: that on the other piece, so that by turning one piece of the pipe or
elbow its flange moves in the lap of the other and the said piece
can be turned completely round or to any desired angle upon the other
piece.
Tho said pipes and elbows should be made of the best sheet metal.
The elbows are constructed with three of the aforesaid joints, that is
to say in four pieces connected by the said joints so that the ends
may be set quite straight or in a line with the centre portion, or inclined
thereto.
The said elbows will be much stronger and more durable than
ordinary elbows used for similar purposes. They may be adapted to
any desired angle, and being adjustable their position may be changed
at will. They will greatly facilitate the setting of hot air and other
pipes. Their short curves make them very convenient in all situations,
and they may be very conveniently packed for shipping.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE APPARATUS FOR SCORING OR REGISTERING NUMBERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Miller at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd December
1873.
I, ADAM MILLER, Mechanician, of 9, Brooke Street, Holborn, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE APPARATUS FOR SCORING OR REGISTERING
NUMBERS," to be as follows:-
A box or case made of brass or other suitable material, of a convenient
size for holding in the hand, say, three inches in length, two inches in
breadth, and three-eighths of an inch in depth. Through an opening in
the box an arm or lever projects, which when pressed upon by the finger
acts upon a system of counting wheels which are fitted in the interior of
the box, and are furnished with dials representing units, tens, hundreds,
and so on.
The number of movements of the arm or lever is registered
on the dials.
In using the apparatus the box is held in the hand, and the arm or
lever is pressed by the finger for each person, article, or other object
which is to be scored or counted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND FIRE-PLACES, AND IN CHIMNEYS AND FLUES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Topham at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
February 1873.
I, CHARLES TOPHAM, of Coleman Street, Bunhill Row, St. Luke's, in
5 the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND FIRE-PLACES, AND IN
CHIMNEYS AND FLUES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to increase and utilize the heating
power of stoves and fire-places, and of their chimneys and flues by
0 means of an improved construction of the same, while at the same time
this increase of heat is attended by a considerable reduction in the
amount of fuel consumed.
This Invention consists in constructing stoves and fire-places with a
double casing, that is to say, an inner and an outer casing. Within the
5 inner casing is placed the fire-grate or fire from which is led the smoke
flue. By means of the additional or outer casing a hollow space is
formed between the said inner stove or fire-place casing and the said
outer casing. This hollow space becomes an air flue or passage for

page_text: fresh air. The air is admitted into the hollow space by suitable inlets,
which inlets may be placed at any convenient place near the bottom or
lower part of the hollow space. The air by means of the inner casing
becomes heated in its passage through the hollow space, and in this way
a constant supply of fresh heated air is insured. In addition to this the
smoke flue or chimney is surrounded in the same way with a casing,
thus leaving a passage or space forming a continuation of that around
the stove or fire-place. The fresh air thus heated by its passing through
the said spaces or passages may be led into the chamber or apartment at
any place convenient by means of valves or otherwise, or into another
chamber or apartment if found desireable.
This Invention may be applied to conservatories, public buildings,
warehouses, factories, and other edifices or places requiring to be heated,
1 T
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, and Twisting FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1873

page_text: i
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel 'Edward Asquith and
Frederic Alexander Greenwood at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th June 1873.
We, SAMUEL EDWARD ASQUITH, of Leeds, and FREDERIC ALEXANDER
GREENWOOD, of Bradford, both in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING, DOUBLING, and Twisting FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
:-
Our Invention relates chiefly to improvements in machines for
spinning and doubling or twisting fibrous substances, in which the
ordinary flyers or caps are replaced by cylinders or cups provided with
guide eyes at their upper edge to conduct the fibrous substance or yarn
to the bobbins.
According to our Invention each cylinder or cup is fitted loose on its
spindle with a sufficiently long bearing to keep it steady, and terminates
in a flange resting upon a collar fitted on the spindle and rotating there-
with, although free to move up and down thereon with the lifter rail or
to allow the necessary traverse of the spindle through it as the case may
be. This collar serves to assist the rotation of the cup or cylinder when

page_text: required, and thereby to moderate the drag on the yarn. The bobbin is
connected to the spindle on which it is fitted by a clip or coiled wire
fitting tightly on the spindle and engaging with the base of the bobbin.
The drag cord or belt is applied to a whorl on the cylinder or cup, and
the drag apparatus is so arranged that the drag on each can not only be
separately regulated to any desired degree, and thus equalized to render
the yarn uniform in quality throughout the machine, but the drag on
the whole of the cylinders or cups throughout the machine can be simul-
taneously altered by means of a single device to suit the character of the
yarn to be produced. For this purpose each drag cord or belt is attached
at one end to the rail, and at the other to an adjustable eye or other
attachments. The whole of these eyes or attachments are fixed on a
movable bar, and are made independently adjustable thereon to enable
the tension of each break cord or belt to be separately adjusted, whilst
by moving the bar on which they are fixed the whole may be simul-
taneously and equally regulated as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Mitchell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th August 1873.
I, WILLIAM MITCHELL, of Brandon, in the County of Suffolk, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows :—
'My Invention relates to improved apparatus for obtaining motive
power for driving locomotive or stationary machinery.
According to my Invention I support a tank for water or other liquid
at the upper part of a frame suitably constructed and mounted on wheels
in the case of a locomotive. Beneath this tank I mount a water wheel,
which I enclose in a suitable casing, the water being supplied direct to
this wheel through a valve in the bottom of the tank. From this, which
is the principal water wheel, the water passes to one of two auxiliary
water wheels placed beneath the main water wheel, and placed, the one
for the forward motion in front of, and the other for reversing, behind
the main wheel. These wheels are likewise enclosed in a casing, and
the water after driving them is conducted to a pump or archimedean
screw, by which it is raised and returned to the tank.

page_text: Power is taken from the main water wheel shaft by any convenient
arrangement of gearing for the purpose required, the pumps or other
apparatus for raising the water being driven from the auxiliary water
wheels.
To increase the power obtained a fly wheel is provided on the main
wheel shaft, and the several water wheels and the fly wheel may each be
constructed with hollow radial compartments containing mercury, which
flows towards the circumference on the descending side of the wheel,
and towards the centre on the ascending side, and thus assists the rotary
motion of the wheels by its weight and the leverage obtained.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FIRE ESCAPES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles John Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd May 1873.
I, CHARLES JOHN SMITH, of Northampton, in the County of North-
ampton, Superintendent of Fire Brigade, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FIRE ESCAPES," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to remedy the inconveniences arising
on the adoption of sacking applied as a shute to the main ladder of fire-
escapes, which sacking is liable to be burned, or if made of metal, so
heated by exposure to the flames as to be for the time useless. To
attain this end I fit to the main ladder a cage, which may be raised to
any desired level to bring the fireman within reach of persons waiting
to be rescued from a burning building, or to enable him to direct his
hose on a level through an elevated opening, and without personal risk
from the flames.
On the outer face of the ladder guides are provided in which a metal
cage slides.
This cage is suspended from a chain or rope pendent from

page_text: a pulley fixed on the top of the main ladder and leading down to the
ground. The chain is then led to a capstan on the platform of the fire-
escape, which capstan is rotated by gearing so as to raise and lower the
cage as desired.
To provide for regulating the speed of descent of the cage when laden, 5
a friction brake is provided for acting on the capstan, and retarding or
stopping the descent.
The cage may be pannelled with tale to protect the fireman or rescued
persons within the cage from the action of the flames.
The cage, it will be understood, will remain at its lowest level until 1
the moment it is required for use. It will therefore not be liable to
be injuriously heated like the metal sacking, which is exposed to the
action of the fire immediately the fire-escape is brought into position in
front of the burning building, and moreover, by the use of the cage the
necessity for escaping persons to attain a height equal to that of the top 1
of the sacking will be removed, the cage being adjusted to a proper
elevation for the imprisoned persons escaping.
A NEW METHOD OF Providing a FoothOLD FOR HORSES ON ASPHALTE AND OTHER SIMILAR PAVEMENTS
Year: 1873

page_text: 012
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Anderson. Cotton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th October 1878.
I, JOHN ANDERSON COTTON, of the Ferns, Tottenham, in the County
of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "A NEW METHOD OF Providing a FoothOLD FOR HORSES ON ASPHALTE
AND OTHER SIMILAR PAVEMENTS," to be as follows:-
As regards pavements already laid I purpose to drill holes at a
distance of about a foot or two apart, either longitudinally, transversely,
or diagonally; in each of these holes I purpose to drive a round plug of
wood about six inches in circumference. Through this plug of wood I
purpose passing one or more pieces of iron wire of such circumference as
may be deemed expedient, but if only one piece of iron is used I purpose
the same to protrude at one end so as to form a point for the plug, in
order to fix it more firmly in the concrete. The plug when driven in to
be either on the level with or slightly above that of the surface of the
pavement. The wooden plugs can be used either with or without the
the iron wires. By this means a good foot hold will be obtained for
horses, and no extra noise will be occasioned, and the plugs will last as
long as the road.

page_text: '
As regards roads to be laid hereafter with asphalte I purpose to
employ plugs of wood, as and in the manner before described, these
plugs are to be placed as before, but instead of being driven into the
concrete I purpose to lay down boards in the concrete and fix these
plugs into them, the asphalte to be afterwards filled in between.
I also purpose instead of plugs and by way of variation to take two
boards of the usual thickness, and between these to put a thin plate of
iron. I purpose to fasten these three tightly together and then fix them
in an upright position across the road at, similar, distances as the plugs,
and either longitudinally, transversely, or diagonally, and the asphalte
then to be filled in between as in the case of the plugs; these boards
are also like the plugs to be fixed on wooden footboards to be laid
in the concrete foundation of the road; the height to be the same as or
slightly above the level of the asphalte of the road. I also purpose
to use these boards without the iron plate if deemed expedient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL IN FIRE-GRATES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederic Henry Brady at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th December 1873.
I, FREDERIC HENRY BRADY, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Hardware Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
ECONOMIZING FUEL IN FIRE-GRATES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
apparatus to be employed in economizing fuel in fire-grates.
By the use of apparatus constructed according to my Invention great
facility is afforded for diminishing or increasing at pleasure the capacity
of that part of the grate holding the fuel.
My improvements are as follows:-I make by casting or otherwise
two side pieces of a size and shape suitable to drop into the grate with
which they are to be used. The side pieces are provided with a series of
two, three, or other number of slots or projections, which slots or
projections may either be horizontal or curved from the front upwards.
I form a frame of bars of a size and shape proper to fit between the two

page_text: side pieces described, the side edges of the said frame of bars being
properly shaped to take into the slots or to lodge upon the projections
described of the side pieces. When the said frame of bars is connected
with the bottom slots or projections of the side pieces it forms a
temporary horizontal or curved bottom to the grate, upon which the fuel
rests, and the capacity of the grate is diminished, and when the said
frame of bars is inserted in or made to rest upon the second or third slots
or projections of the side pieces the capacity of the grate will be pro-
portionately diminished.
The frame of bars constituting the temporary bottom may be con- 1
nected with the side pieces by a sliding motion, either from the front or
back of the grate.
When it is wished to make the apparatus capable of being introduced
into and removed from the grate as a whole the frame of bars may be
provided at its lower angles with clips, and its upper angles with 1
horizontal pins, so that when the side pieces and frame of bars are
engaged together the clips by embracing the side pieces at the front
edges, and the horizontal pins by entering holes at the back edges of the
side pieces connect the three parts of the apparatus together.
Where it is only required to have the power of effecting one change in 2
the capacity of the grate the frame of bars and side pieces may be cast
or otherwise made in one piece.
The frame of bars must have in cross section the figure of the slots or
projections described of the side pieces.
When the side pieces are straight or curved the frame of bars having 2
the same figure may be introduced from the front or back by a sliding
motion, but when the frame of bars is made angular, that is, the back
part of the frame forms an obtuse angle with the front part of the frame,
then the frame of bars cannot be introduced into the side pieces by a
sliding motion.
3
AN IMPROVED MODE OF ADVERTISING
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Sauret at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March
'1878.
I, LOUIS SAURET, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the
Republic of Franco, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF ADVERTISING," to be as follows,
that is to say:
This Invention consists in the employment of the exterior and interior,
but preferably of the interior surfaces of anvelopes for letters and other
papers, for making advertisements of a commercial and other ´kind.
For this purpose the advertisements are printed or otherwise inscribed
on the paper before it is made into envelopes, and such envelopes contain
in the interior of the folds on three of the four sides of each envelope a
concealed thread, which being drawn by the person receiving tho
envelope opens it and converts it into a rectangular sheet on which it is
easy to read the advertisements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR FACILITATING THE FORMATION OF WHEEL SEGMENT AND RACK PATTERNS OR MODELS, OR THE PRODUCTION OF TOOTHED WHEELS, SEGMENTS, AND RACK CASTINGS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Randall Harris at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th July 1873.
I, WILLIAM RANDALL HARRIS, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR FACILITATING THE FORMATION OF WHEEL
SEGMENT AND RACK PATTERNS OR MODELS, OR THE PRODUCTION OF TOOTHED WHEELS,
SEGMENTS, AND RACK CASTINGS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the toothed wheels and the toothed segments
and racks employed in the transmitting of revolving motion, or in the
imparting of movement in machinery, and has for its object to facilitate
the production of such wheels, segments, and racks. To this end I crimp
or bend a sheet, strip, or riband of thin or comparatively thin metal
into a form suitable to my purpose, and I employ the said sheet, strip, or
riband, when so bent, to form a pattern, model, or mould or a portion
thereof.The crimping or bending may be effected by employing any
suitable wheel segment, or rack, or any suitable wheel, segment, or
rack, pattern, or model to act as a die, the thin metal being pressed
into the spaces between the teeth, and being caused to take the

page_text: form of the said teeth as nearly as may be conveniently possible, or
special dies may be employed, and screw or other pressure may be
used. The crimped metal may be bent around a core or blank of
wood or other suitable material, or be attached to a foundation
of a suitable form, and the combination may be used as a pattern
or model. It will be desirable to fill up the spaces between the
said crimped metal and the blank or foundation by means of plaster of
Paris or other suitable cement or material. In some cases I may so
arrange matters as that the crimped metal, say for example, steel or iron
will act as the mould or a portion of the mould, into which the melted
metal is to be run.
IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED IN LOWERING AND DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Aylward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
January 1873.
I, FRANK AYLWARD, of Canonbury, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
OR MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED IN LOWERING AND DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved apparatus or means to be employed
in lowering and disengaging ships' boats.
To one of the davits by which the boats are suspended I hang a
single pulley block, and to the other a double pulley block, and attach
to the ends of ropes suspended from these blocks self-acting caliper
devices, which engage with staples or hooks fixed in the inside ends of
the bottom of the boat, and so suspend but securely hold the same. The
legs of each caliper are centred on a common pivot at a point, central
or nearly so, in their length, and to one of them is pivotted a self-acting
catch which has a constant tendency to fall and engage with a notch
in the other leg, in which event the calipers are held open and release
the boat,

page_text: When swung in the davits, however, the catch is fastened to the other
leg by a split pin or other suitable means, and the boat is securely held,
the calipers being kept closed.
When the boat is to be lowered and disengaged the pin is removed,
and one of the men therein stands at one end thereof and lets out the
davit ropes which pass round a controlling roller, so that he has thorough
command over them and over the double pulley block, the one nearest
him, and when he has lowered the boat so that it reaches the water, the
upward pressure of the same causes the staples or hooks to open the
calipers, which when sufficiently opened are held so by a catch, and so
the boat is disengaged and let go free.