IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO FURNACES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Watkin, of Saint George's Road, South-
wark, in the County of Surrey, Traveller, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO FURNACES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF
SMOKE."
Sealed,the 28th December 1865, and dated the 21st September 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Watkin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st September 1865.
I, WILLIAM WATKIN, of Saint George's Road, Southwark, in the County
of Surrey, Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO FURNACES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE,"
to be as follows, that is to say :-
The Invention consists in certain mechanical arrangements in the con-
struction of or applicable to furnaces whereby the smoke is more completely
.consumed than hitherto..
My improved arrangements are as follows:-I employ a tube or tubes
which I call inductor or inductors, made of the length, form, and dimensions
to suit furnaces of various constructions; and to this or these tubes is fixed
another tube or tubes of suitable dimensions, which I call the distributor or
distributors. These inductor and distributor_tubes may form a whole, and

page_text: be made in one piece or a number of pieces, and is or are placed in the most
suitable and convenient part according to the construction of the furnace. The
inductor is open to the atmosphere, and the distributor open or in com-
munication with the furnace. A small tube or tubes furnished with stop-
cock or cocks, and communicating with the boiler, is or are placed in the
mouth or mouths of the inductor or inductors for injecting air by and with
steam. The cock or cocks being opened a partial vacuum is formed in the
inductor, when the atmospheric air, rushes in, and is injected by and with the
steam through the inductor and distributor tubes on the top of the fire in the
furnace, thus igniting and consuming the smoke and increasing the blast in
the furnace..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said. William Watkin in. the Great Seal, Patent Office on the
21st March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WATKIN, of Saint George's Road, Southwark, in the County of Surrey,
Traveller, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me; the
said William Watkin, Her special license that. I; the said William Watkin,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Watkin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any t
time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE
TO FURNACES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Watkin, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, or under the band and seal of one of
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Watkin, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed:-
The Invention consists in certain mechanical arrangements in the con-
struction of, or applicable to the furnaces of locomotive, marine, and stationary
engines, and to blast, smelting, cupola, and other furnaces.
My improved arrangements are as follows:-I employ a tube or tubes,
which I call inductor or inductors, made of the length, form, and dimensions
to suit the furnace to which it is applied; and to this or these tubes is fixed
another tube or tubes of suitable dimensions which I call the distributor or
distributors. These inductor and distributor tubes may form a whole, and
be made in one piece (as I prefer in practice, and have herein-after described
and shewn in the accompanying Drawing), or a number of pieces, and is or.
are placed in the most suitable and convenient part of the furnace according
to its construction. The inductor is'open to the atmosphere, and the distri-
butor open or in communication with the furnace.. A small tube or tubes.
furnished with a stop-cock or cocks, and communicating with the boiler or
with the exhaust steam pipe of an engine, is or are placed in the mouth or
mouths of the inductor or inductors for injecting air by and with steam. The
cock.or.cocks being opened a partial vacuum is formed in the inductor, when
the atmospheric air rushes in and is injected by and with the steam through
the inductor and distributor tube or tubes on. the top or over the top of the
fire in the furnace, thus igniting and, consuming the smoke and increasing the
blast in the furnace.
And in order to make my Invention better understood,. I will proceed to
describe it by reference to the accompanying Drawing, which shews different
views of furnaces.constructed with my improvements.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, Figure 2 a transverse section, and
Figure 3 end elevation of a locomotive furnace and boiler; Figure 4 longi-
tudinal section, and Figure 5 end elevation of a stationary. furnace and boiler;
Figure 6 end elevation, and Figure 7. longitudinal section of a marine engine
furnace and boiler; Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11, enlarged. views of the inductor
(about full size), shewing the form. of the distributor end-of. the tube.
The same letters of reference are used to represent parts which are
similar. In all the Figures the indicator and distributor tubes, are shown 'as
forming one tube.

page_text: In Figures 1 and 3 the inductor and distributor tubes a, a, are shewn
placed at the end of the furnace, one in a vertical and the other in a
horizontal direction; in the former case, the inductor a passes into the
furnace b just at the top of the fire-hole door c; in the latter case, the inductor.
is placed under the foot: board'd, while in Figure 2 the inductor and dis-
tributor tubes are shewn placed in a vertical direction' on each side of the
furnace. In all cases, however, it will be seen that the mouth-e of the
-inductor a is open to the atmosphere, while the other end f which forms the
distributor is in free communication with the furnace b. g is the small tube
or pipe communicating at one end with the boiler (or it may be in com-
_munication_with_the_exhaust pipe of the engine), the other end being placed
in the mouth e of the inductor a; this tube is provided with a stop-cock i.
When the cock i is opened a jet of steam passes from the boiler or exhaust
pipe of the engine through the pipe g into the inductor a, and a partial vacuum
is formed therein, the atmospheric air rushes in and is injected. by, and' with
the steam: through the inductor a and distributor finto the furnace on the
top or over the top of the fire, the: consumption of the smoke is thereby
more. completely effected, and.. the. blast.or draught. in the furnace greatly.
increased.
1
In Figures 4 and 5 the inductor is shown applied to a stationary engine.
furnace in a vertical direction... a is the inductor passing into the furnace.b,
just over the fire-hole door c; f, distributor end of the tube;g, pipe for
conveying steam into the inductor, a; i, stop-cock..
...Figures .6, and. 7 show the inductor applied in a horizontal direction to: the:
furnace of a marine engine. a, a, indicator and distributor tubes; b, furnace;
c, c, fire doors; g, steam pipe with cocks. i.:
My improved arrangements can be applied either in the construction of
furnaces or to furnaces already constructed; and where there is a difficulty
in applying the inductor and distributor tube or tubes of sufficient length for
a plain jet jets of steam I make the nozzle of different forms so as to
spread out the steam to fill the inductor and distributor tube to inject the
greatest possible quantity of air.
or
T
: For blast, smelting, and other furnaces having a great quantity, of ignited:
fuel, I place the inductor and distributor, tube or tubes in such a position as
to play more directly on the top of the: fire then as shown in the Drawing, so
that the carbonaceous or bituminous matters can be driven into the body of
the fire in the furnace, and the incombustible gases pass out by another
channel; or the carbonaceous or bituminous matters will ignite on the surface,
and the incombustible gases pass out of the ordinary flue.

page_text: The forms and dimensions of the inductor and distributor tube or tubes
and jet pipe, as herein described and shown in the Drawing, are not absolute,
but will vary according to the kind and -dimensions of the furnace to which
they may be applied, and the jet pipe may be made with more than one
outlet..
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I am
acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein laid down and shewn
in the Drawing as they may be varied without departing from the principle of
my Invention; but what I claim is, the employment of what I call the
inductor and distributor tube or tubes and the mode or method of forming a
vacuum or partial vacuum in same by a jet of steam from a pipe, one end of
which is placed within the inductor and distributor tube or tubes for injecting
air by and with steam on to or over fires in furnaces for more completely con-
suming the smoke and the better combustion of the fuel, and for increasing
the draught or blast in furnaces, as herein-before described and represented in
the several Figures of the accompanying Drawing.
..In witness whereof, I, the said William Watkin, have hereunto set
my band and seal, this Twenty-first day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
W. A. GILBEE.
WILLIAM WATKIN. (L.S.)