CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES MADE IN PART OF TUBES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
WALTER WINFIELD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Merchant
and Manufacturer, and JOHN WARD, of Birmingham aforesaid, a Workman
in the employ of the said Robert Walter Winfield, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourteenth day of
September, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the twelfth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said Robert Walter Winfield and John Ward, our exors,.
adñiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that we, the said Robert Walter Winfield and John Ward, our exors,
admiors, and assigns, and such others as we, the said Robert Walter Win-
field and John Ward, our exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES,
AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES MADE IN PART OF TUBES;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said Robert
Walter Winfield and John Ward, or one of us, should cause a particular
lescription of the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which
same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals
or under the hand and seal of one of us, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's

page_text: High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Robert Walter Winfield and John Ward, do hereby declare that the nature
of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is be performed,
are fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
The first part of our Invention consists of a new or improved method of
manufacturing taper tubes of metal or metallic alloys. Our said new or
improved method is not only applicable to the manufacture of tubes the
sides of which are straight (see Figure 1), but it is also applicable to the
manufacture of tubes whose sides are curved (see Figures 2 and 3), and it
is also applicable to the manufacture of taper tubes which are fluted, whether
the said flutes are convex or concave, or are parallel to the axis of the said
tube (see Figure 4), or twisted (see Figure 5). In carrying our method of
manufacturing taper tubes into effect, we proceed as follows:-We take a
mandril of the figure which it is intended the tube about to be manufactured
shall have. We place upon the said mandril a sheet of metal which bas
been cut of a proper size, and bent and soldered so as to have a form more
or less resembling that of a taper tube; and we proceed to draw this roughly
formed tube upon the mandril, exactly as ordinary cylindrical tubes are
drawn, excepting, that instead of drawing the said partly-formed tube through
a draw plate (or plate of metal in which is formed a hole of the size of the
intended tube, and which hole is supposed not to enlarge during the process
of drawing). We draw the said partly-formed taper tube through a ring or
mould of some soft metal (tin for example), the size of the internal diameter
of which ring or mould is at the beginning of the process equal to the size
of the small end of the said taper tube, but by the process of drawing the said
partially-formed taper tube, supported on its mandril, through the said ring
or mould of soft metal, the said ring or mould expands, forming as it were
an expanding draw plate, which exerts such pressure on the partially formed
tube as suffices to press it into close contact with the supporting mandril, and
also to draw or elongate the said tube. By forming the expanding rings or
moulds of different metals, or other yielding material, and by using rings or
moulds of different thicknesses, we can vary the pressure exerted to any
desired degree. Figure 6 represents one of these expanding rings or moulds
in plan; Figure 7 represents the same in side view; and Figure 8 represents

page_text: the same in section.
We do not not deem it necessary to describe the
drawing machinery we employ, as the drawing machinery used in carrying
our Invention into effect does not differ from ordinary drawing machinery,
except in the respect herein-before described, that is to say, in the use of an
expanding ring or mould in place of the ordinary draw plate, and also in the
following respect, namely: in forming tubes which have a twisted figure, such
as is represented in Figure 5, it is necessary to give a rotary motion either
to the mandril and tube or to the expanding ring or mould; we prefer giving
a rotary motion to the mandril and tube; this we effect by making the said
mandril turn loosely on an axis (see Figure 9), and causing the forceps which
are ordinarily made to grasp the tag or waste piece on the end of the tube, to
take hold of the end of the said axis, and thereby allow the mandril and
tube to receive a rotary motion, without the said axis and forceps partaking
of the said rotary motion. We have herein described the expanding ring or
mould, which is the essential part of this branch of our Invention, to be made
of tin, which metal we have found to answer the purpose well, yet various
other metals and alloys and non-metallic substances may be used for the pur-
pose, and other methods of using the said expanding rings or moulds may
be resorted to; for example, the tube and mandril may be stationary, and
the expanding ring or mould be drawn on them; and the expanding ring
or mould may in the case of spiral fluted tubes have the rotary motion
instead of the mandril and tube. Our Invention does not consist of any par-
ticular method of using the said expanding rings or moulds, nor of any
particular composition of the said expanding rings or moulds, but our said
Invention consists essentially in drawing taper tubes of metal (whether plain
or fluted or twisted), by pressing a roughly formed tube into contact with a
suitably formed mandril situated within the said tube, the said pressure being
applied by means of a ring or mould made of some material which will yield
and expand on the said tube and mandril being drawn through it, but which
nevertheless exerts in yielding such pressure as suffices to press the partially
formed tube into close contact with the supporting mandril.
The second part of our Invention consists of the use of double tubes of
brass for the manufacture of gas fittings. By this method of manufacture
the said fittings are not only stronger than those of the ordinary manufacture
but the escape of gas by leakage is prevented, as any flaw in one of the two
tubes is virtually closed by the contact of the other tube. The method of
manufacturing these double tubes is as follows:-The said tubes are sepa-
rately formed by the ordinary method, and one of the said tubes being placed
within the other, the compound tube, with or without a mandril in its interior,

page_text: is passed through a draw plate, so as to draw the outer upon the inner tube,
and bring the said tubes into close contact.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise methods of carrying our Invention into 5
effect herein before described, as the same may be varied without departing
from the nature of our Invention, but we claim,-
First, the manufacturing of taper tubes by pressing a roughly formed taper
tube into contact with a mandril in its interior, the said pressure being
exerted by a ring or mould, which said ring or mould is made of a material 1
which will yield or expand as the said tube is drawn through it, but which
exerts sufficient pressure to force the partially formed tube into contact with
the mandril, whether the said expanding ring or mould be of the form and
used in the manner herein-before described, or have a different form or be
differently used, and whether the said taper tubes have any of the forms 1
herein-before described, and represented in the accompanying Drawing, or
have any other form.
Secondly, the manufacturing of gas fittings of double tubes, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Walter Winfield, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, .this Tenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine