Improvements in Sliding Sashes of Railway Carriage or other Windows.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 21st Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sliding Sashes of Railway Carriage or other
Windows.
1. WILLIAM GEORGE WHITE, of Orchard Cottage, Hexham, in the County
of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows :—
My invention has reference specially to sliding sashes of railway carriage windows
but is applicable to other similar windows.
The objects are to provide means whereby the sash may be opened or closed
either from the inside by a passenger, or from the outside by a porter, or partially
opened and secured without rattling and to dispense with straps.
The sash slides in grooves in the carriage door and is raised by a counterweight
sliding in a case constructed in the lower part of the door, in which it works freely
in guides. The lower part of the sash frame is attached by cords or chains which
pass over pulleys to the counterweight which is sufficiently heavy to entirely close
the sash when free to act. In order to secure the sash at any required position I
provide, in a case at that part of the door which forms the inside of the "sill" of
the window, a spring bar extending across the "sill" and having at each end a
tooth engaging, when the spring is in action, with a vertical toothed rack fixed at
each side of the sliding sash and, in a similar case on the outside "sill," another bar
is attached to the inside spring bar, by studs passing through the door.
A knob or
handle projects from the spring bar inside the door which being pulled by a
passenger releases the teeth of the spring bar from the toothed racks and the
counterweight acts to raise the window sash or, when required to be opened, the
sash is forced down by the hand taking hold of a
"knob or handle in top of
window sash, against the action of the counterweight, or the sash can be secured
at any position by releasing the spring. On the outside of the door the same
operations are effected by the porter pressing inward a knob projecting through the
door sill from the outer bar which also releases the teeth from the toothed racks
and the sash, if open, is closed by the counterweight. Thus the whole of the
windows in a train of carriages can be closed by the porters as they pass along
the platform or along the footboard on opposite side without opening the carriage
doors.
There is no open well in the door, as with ordinary windows raised by straps,
and when the sash is entirely closed provision may be made for a projecting ledge
at bottom to pass over a raised lip on the sill and so make it weather tight.
Instead of using a toothed rack at each side of the window sash friction rollers
may take the place of the projecting teeth which will be pressed against the grooves
in door with sufficient force to hold the sash in position.
The case, in which the counterweight slides, will be formed with a loose front
secured by screws so as to be readily removed when required for access to the
counterweight or its attachments.
Dated this 96th day of March 1890
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Sliding Sashes of Railway Carriage or other
Windows.
I, WILLIAM GEORGE WHITE, of Orchard Cottage, Hexham, in the County
of Northumberland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference specially to sliding sashes of railway carriage windows
'but is applicable to other similar windows.
The objects are to provide means whereby the sash may be opened or closed
Feither from the inside by a passenger, or from the outside by a porter, or partially
opened and secured without rattling and to dispense with straps.
The sash slides in grooves in the carriage door and is raised by a counterweight
sliding in a case constructed in the lower part of the door, in which it works freely
in guides. The lower part of the sash frame is attached by cords or chains which
pass over pulleys to the counterweight which is sufficiently heavy to entirely close
the sash when free to act. In order to secure the sash at any required position 1
provide, in a case at that part of the door which forms the inside of the "sill" of
the window, a spring bar extending across the sill" and having at each end a
tooth engaging, when the spring is in action, with a vertical toothed rack fixed at
cach side of the sliding sash and, in a similar case on the outside "sill," an. ther
bar is attached to the inside spring bar, by studs passing through the door. A
knob or handle projects from the spring bar inside the door which being pulled by
a passenger releases the teeth of the spring bar from the toothed racks and the
counterweight acts to raise the window sash or, when required to be opened, the
sash is forced down by the hand taking hold of a knob or handle in top of
window sash, against the action of the counterweight, or the sash can be secured
at any position by releasing the spring. On the outside of the door the same
operations are effected by the porter pressing inward a knob projecting through the
door sill from the outer bar which also releases the tooth from the toothed racks
and the sash, if open, is closed by the counterweight. Thus the whole of the
windows in a train of carriages can be closed by the porters as they pass along
the platform or along the footboard on opposite sile without opening the carriage
doors.
There is no open well in the door, as with ordinary windows raised by straps, and
when the sash is entirely closed provision may be made for a projecting ledge au
bottom to pass over a raised lip on the sill and so make it weather tight.
Instead of using a toothed rack at each side of the window sash friction rollers
may take the place of the projecting teeth which will be pressed against the grooves
in door with sufficient force to hold the sash in position.
The case, in which the counterweight slides, will be formed with a loose front
secured by screws so as to be readily removed when required for access to the
counterweight or its attachments.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
On the accompanying sheet of drawings my invention is shewn as applied to a
railway carriage door.
Fig. 1 is an external view of the door and window sash the lower portion being
in section to shew the counterweight.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the door and window sash through the centre
line a- of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross section on line cd of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 4 is a cross section on line e-f of same figure.
The same numbers refer to corresponding parts on all the figures.

page_text: A is the sash window shewn closed sliding in ordinary guides B in the open and
closed portions of the door and from the lower ends of the sash wire cords C pass
over small pulleys D to a counterweight E which slides in guides F in the cavity G
formed in the lower part of the door which is closed by a front panel H secured by
screws to the door so as to be readily removed. The spring action by which the
sash is released or secured at any desired position is shewn by Fig. 3 and consists of
two springs inserted in the inside sill piece K of the door so as to bear upon the
ends of two levers L working upon fulcrum pins M their ends bearing upon the side
frames of sash by the intervention of friction rollers N which I prefer, but these
levers may be made to engage and release pawls taking into racks fixed in the
window case.
The ends of the levers L where they abut engage with a button ()
projecting inward, by pressing which the friction rollers N are released from
pressing against the sash frame and the window is free to be drawn down by a
passenger by the stud P or when down to rise to any position to entirely close by the
action of the counterweight E. To operate from the outside a button Q is attached
to a beam R the ends of which are connected to the outer ends of the two levers L
by studs X and this button being pushed inward releases the sash from the pressure
of the springs in the same manner as before described from the inside. When
the sash A is fully closed as shewn the lower frame, which is slightly wedge shaped,
enters into a similarly wedge shaped portion of the cavity in door and is secured
against shaking and rattling.
To exclude rain and draughts the outside of the window sill is fitted with a hollow
weather piece S which may be of brass and within this works a thin strip T hinged
at V which, when the window is drawn up, is caused by its projecting tail coming
into contact with the open slot W in the bottom of sash to lie on the sloping part of
the sill in the manner shewn on Fig. 2 so that any wet leaking past the top of the
weather piece S is excluded from the cavity in door and drains out below the
weather piece. When the sash is put down the tail of this hinged strip is depressed
and turns the strip up against the sash. The action of the springs may be modified
by different forms of levers so that the action of pulling instead of pushing may
release them but I prefer the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is:
1st. Raising the sliding sashes of railway carriage or similar windows by the
action of a counterweight controlled by springs which can be operated either from
the inside or outside so as to allow the counterweight to act to close the sash entirely,
or which will arrest it at any desired position and retain it there, substantially as
described and illustrated.
2nd. In combination with such sliding sashes the application of a hollow case,
forming a draft and rain excluder, connected with the window "sill" and having
within it a hinged strip, actuated by the sash when closing, so as to form a drip ledge
to carry off any water leaking past the outer case and to further exclude draughts
substantially as described and illustrated.
3rd. The carriage window comprising the various parts in combination, arranged,
constructed and operating substantially as described and illustrated by the
drawings.
Deted this 27th day of Doomlan 1904
T. J. DANSON, F.L.P.A.,
Agent for Applicant.