Improvements in Receptacles for the Transport of Milk and similar Liquids.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Receptacles for the Transport of Milk and similar
Liquids.
ANNA CATHERINE FRANCISKA DE BLUMER, Widow, of 33, Quattro Fontane,
Rome, Italy, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In order that many liquids used for human food, especially milk may be carried
from one point to another without loss, turning sour, or otherwise becoming unfit
for use it is necessary that the vessels in which they are carried should be so
constructed that no churning may take place from the motion of the conveyence
or other mode of carriage, it is necessary at the same time that means shall
exist whereby supplies may be readily drawn from the receptacle containing such
fluids, and that the same conditions as to the exclusion of air, and absence of
internal motion in the fluid shall exist after such withdrawal from the containing
vessel as before.
To effect this object I construct vessels preferably of cylindrical cross section
with flat or curved bottoms in which a tap is inserted for the withdrawal of the
fluid, a plain or ornamental lid is fitted to the vessel and secured to its body by
screws latches or other suitable device, so that the lid may be removed without
trouble for the introduction of the fluid, further I insert in the vessel a diaphram
plate or piston which is capable of motion in a direction parallel to the axis of
the cylinder, and which is fitted around its edge with an indiarubber ring or other
elastic joint of a metalic or non-metalic nature so as to maintain close contact
between the underside of the diaphram plate or piston, and the surface of the
underlying fluid,-I employ which ever of the following methods I find most
convenient.
Into a recess or recesses formed on the upper side of the piston I introduce a
spiral spring or springs the upper ends of which abut on the cover of the vessel
thus their compression maintains the necessary amount of pressure of the piston
upon the surface of the fluid, to effect the object intended. Or I construct the
piston in two parts each part being a disc the plane of contact of these discs being
normal to the axis of the cylindrical walls of the vessel, around the edges of the
dises I form a groove for the reception of the indiarubber or other suitable luting,
and bring the discs together by means of a thumb screw so compressing the ring
of luting axially, and expanding it radially until sufficient friction is created
between it and the walls of the cylinder to maintain the piston in any desired
position in the vessel.-Or in lieu of either of these methods I fix to the cover of
the vessel a pump by means of which air may be introduced into that part of the
vessel lying above the diaphram the pressure of which may be so regulated as to
nip the luting between the halves of the piston, and so effect contact as before
between the piston the ring and cylinder walls.
Dated this 19th dow of Navambar 1807

page_text: Improvements in Receptacles for the Transport of Milk and similar
Liquids.
ANNA CATHERINE FRANCISKA DE BLUMER, Widow, of 33, Quattro Fontane,
Rome, Italy, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described, and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
In order that many liquids used for human food, especially milk, may be carried
from one point to another without loss, turning sour or otherwise becoming unfit
for use, it is necessary that the vessels in which they are carried should be so
constructed that no churning may take place from the motion of the conveyance
or other mode of carriage: it is necessary at the same time that means shall exist
whereby supplies may be readily withdrawn from the receptacle containing such
fluids and that the same conditions as to the exclusion of air and absence of
internal motion in the fluid shall exist after such withdrawal from the con-
taining vessel as before.
To effect this object I construct vessels preferably of cylindrical cross section
with flat or curved bottoms into which a tap is inserted for the withdrawal of the
fluid, a plain or ornamental lid is fitted to the vessel and secured to its body by
screws, latches or other suitable device so that the lid may be removed without
trouble for the introduction of the fluid: further: I insert in the vessel a dia-
phragm, plate or piston which is capable of motion in a direction parallel to the axis
of the cylinder and which is fitted, around its edge, with an indiarubber or other
elastic joint of a metallic or non-metallic nature so as to maintain close contact
between the underside of the diaphragm, plate or piston and the surface of the
underlying fluid. To move the piston to the new position required by the
withdrawal of fluid from the vessel I employ whichever of the three following
methods I find most convenient.
Into a recess or recesses formed on the upper side of the piston I introduce a
spiral spring or springs the upper ends of which abut on the cover of the vessel
so that their compression may maintain the necessary amount of pressure of the
piston upon the surface of the fluid.
Or I construct the piston in two parts, each part being a disc, the plane of
contact of these discs I maké normal to the axis of the cylindrical walls of the
vessel, around the edges of the discs I form a groove for the reception of the india-
rubber or other suitable luting and bring the discs together by means of a winged
nut thus compressing the ring of luting axially and expanding it radially until
sufficient friction is created between it and the walls of the cylinder to maintain
the piston in any desired position in the vessel.
In lieu of either of these methods I fix to the cover of the vessel an attachment,
suitably formed for the insertion thereinto of an air pump, and provided also with
a cock or valve; by this means I introduce air into that part of the vessel lying
above the diaphragm, the pressure of the air being regulated so as to nip the luting
between the halves of the piston and thus effect contact as before between the
piston ring and cylinder walls.
Referring to the annexed sheet of drawings, Fig. 1 is a sectional vertical
elevation of my fluid carrier. Fig. 2 is a plan of same with the cover removed:
in both figures the same letters refer to the same parts.
A is the vessel. B the diaphragm or piston, in halves. C the indiarubber or
other luting around its periphery. Da winged nut for nipping the halves of
the plate together and so forcing the luting against the walls of the vessel. E is

page_text: a tap for the withdrawal of liquid and F a screwed stopper to be used when the
vessel is being cleansed. G is a lid for covering the vessel. K, clamps for securing
the vessel & lid together. H are spiral springs compressed between the under-
side of the lid and the moveable diaphragm B. J is a provision on the lid for
the application thereto of a pump to introduce air into the chamber above the
diaphragm this provision is furnished with a tap, not shown, to retain the
introduced air or instead of a tap with the ball valve, L, for the same purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The use in vessels employed to contain and transport fluids used for human
food of a moveable piston made in halves and furnished around its periphery
with an indiarubber or other luting or packing and with a winged nut to nip
its halves together substantially as described herein before and drawn.
2. The combination of a moveable piston, spiral springs and air inlet valve to
be used in such vessels substantially as hereinbefore described and drawn.
Dated this 6th day of August 1898.
ANNA CATHERINE FRANCISKA DE BLUMER.