A Combined Portable Bench, Tool-box, Turning-lathe, Band, Fret, and Upright Saw, and Cramping Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1892-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Portable Bench, Tool-box, Turning-lathe, Band, Fret,
and Upright Saw, and Cramping Apparatus.
.
We JAMES MCHARDY of Fairfax House Chiswick Scientific Expert and
WALKER GEORGE DE FORGES GARLAND of East Molesey Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention, which relates to a portable bench in combination with a tool-
box, turning-lathe, band-saw, fret-saw, upright-saw and cramping gear, is carried
into practice as follows;
A bench-top is suitably prepared with threaded holes and other apertures. Into
these holes, suitable legs are inserted so as to be easily removed. The said legs
are bound to each other by transverse pieces, which also slip easily into position
by means of slanting mortices (or their equivalents) so inclined as to draw the parts
together when tightened as hereinafter explained. One longitudinal piece regulates
the distance between the transverse pieces.
Skew threaded holes are provided, as aforesaid, in the lower side of the bench-
top, lining with skew holes in the transverse pieces. Wooden bolts-(or if desirable,
any kind of bolts, such as strong bicycle-spokes)-are inserted and braced up,
either by right and left hand threads, or by means of nuts; whereupon the frame
becomes rigid in the transverse direction. Similar bolts are entered in similar
skew holes in the bench-top and the longitudinal piece, which, on being tightened,
complete the rigidity of the frame in all directions.
A suitable nut is provided, for fixing to a floor. A wooden or other bolt is
passed through the centre of the before mentioned longitudinal piece-(which is at
a convenient height from the floor)-and screws it down to the said fixed nut,
whereupon the whole becomes fixed in position for work.
Hinged on the back of the bench-top is a tool-box which may be made according
to requirements, and, which, folding up over the bench-top, may be so constructed
as to contain most, or all of the legs, screws and other parts, for easy removal or
shipment.
The legs, bench-top and other parts will be provided with such holes and
accessories, that a turning-lathe may be adjusted for work in a few minutes, the
bed of the said turning-lathe being formed by the cramping appliance, hereinafter
described. The fly-wheel of the said lathe shall be so constructed as to provide,
in itself, a race for a band-saw which may be fitted to, or removed from the bench
as follows.
A suitable table, carrying upon it the frame and wheel of the upper part of such
a saw, is cramped in position by means of screws, the saw is introduced through
slots, and the bearing adjusted the tool is then ready for work.
The fret-saw is contrived so as to fix into the bed of the lathe like an ordinary
poppet-head or a slide-rest, and has upper frame-work such as to render it
possible to remove it, along with the actuating parts on the lathe-head, and
insert an upright-saw with its actuating parts, on the shortest notice.
Along the front of the bench a continuous cramp is provided, with screws
passing into the bench-top, so that anything may be held for planing sawing &c.,
and this continuous cramp when required, forms in conjunction with the bench-
top, an efficient lathe-bed as herein before suggested.
Dated this 30th day of November 1891.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION:
A Combined Portable Bench, Tool-box, Turning-lathe, Band, Fret,
and Upright Saw, and Cramping Apparatus.
JAMES MCHARDY of Fairfax House Chiswick Middlesex Scientific Expert
and WALKER GEORGE DE FORGES GARLAND of East Molesey Surrey Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention, which relates to a portable bench in combination with a tool-box,
turning lathe, band-saw, fret-saw, upright saw and cramping gear, is carried into
practice as follows;-The bench-top may be of any suitable dimensions. It is
provided with suitable holes to receive the legs, which are, in turn connected with
each other by such bevelled joints or dove-tailed pieces as shall cause them to
become rigid under the strain of diagonal screws tightened in different directions.
The main structure becomes, thus a kind of compound cramp so that, when the
screws are tight all the joints become tight. Any number of legs and screws may
be used, but for ordinary purposes four legs are provided. Each leg fits loosely
into a mortice-hole in the bench-top. Each pair of legs at the ends of the bench,
(or in whatever position they may be inserted) is connected by a cross-piece with
such skew-joints as shall pull the pair in upon a shoulder when upward pressure is
applied. Diagonal screws connect the said cross-pieces with the bench-top, and
so exert an upward pressure, that rigidity is procured in the direction transverse
to the said bench-top. These said cross-pieces are, in turn, connected by a
longitudinal bar dovetailed into their under sides so that they cannot approach
or recede from each other. In turn, the longitudinal bar receives two diagonal
bolts, or cramp-screws. All these pairs of cramp-screws cross each other; i.e. they
present the form of an X. Thus rigidity is secured in all directions. The said
longitudinal bar may be secured to the floor, for fixing the whole. Any kind
of bolts or cramp-screws may be used, such being capable of releasing the parts for
portability.
The tool-box, which may be varied in any convenient manner, is hinged upon
the back of the bench-top, and capable, if necessary, of folding up and inclosing
the various parts for carriage. A cramp, the whole or part of the length of the
bench-top, runs along the front. This said cramp becomes a lathe-bed, at
pleasure by packing it in the vicinity of the screws with which it is provided.
A lathe-head, rest, and back-centre being fixed in the said bed, the parts
for the turning-lathe are thus arranged. The fly-wheel is carried upon a cross
piece between the legs of the bench at one end. The treadle is hinged, to one
or two of the legs, near the floor, and actuates the fly-wheel in the usual manner.
The belt for driving the mandrel, passes through the bench-top, if necessary.
But, the said fly-wheel being appropriately constructed, and an upper wheel
being provided, and framed so as to be readily fixed on the top of the bench,
it follows that a band-saw may be effectively worked by the lathe-treadle. A
separate table may, or may not, be provided for the band-saw, and as a matter
of course slots may be cut out to admit the band-saw.
A fret-sawing-machine, of any kind provided with a cramp-screw to fix it in
the bed of the lathe, may be worked by the said treadle and fly-wheel, by means
of a band for actuating a pulley on the said fret sawing machine, or any upright
saw, capable of being actuated by a pulley, may be similarly attached; or; a
strong upright saw may be attached, in such a manner, below the bench-top, as
to be actuated directly from the fly-wheel. For this purpose a plunger is provided
with such parts as shall be capable of carrying a saw on its upper end. The
said plunger slides in bearings, such as will prevent lateral vibration; and is
fitted to a connecting rod attached either to the treadle, to the connecting rod,

page_text: or to the crank-pin of the fly-wheel. The said bearings are so framed as to be
readily cramped or screwed on to the lower side of the bench-top.
In the accompanying drawings examples are given of the various parts herein
described.
Fig. I. A front elevation of the bench.
a a The bench top provided with a cramp bed extending the whole length of
the bench.
bb The legs of the bench entered into the mortice-holes suggested by dotted
outline in the bench-top.
cc-A longitudinal piece with dovetail joints (or their equivalents) connecting
the end pieces as shown in the plan Fig. III.
dd-Diagonal bolts or stays straining a a to cc by means of
e e-threaded holes in the bench top, (or any suitable means of retaining in the
event of nuts being used at the lower ends of d d) and
ff-suitable holes in c c to retain the cramp screws or bolt heads &c.
-The screw which serves to fix the bench firmly down by forcing cc towards
a block fixed to the floor.
iii-Cramp screws for the regulation of the cramp bed extending along a a and
capable of forming a lathe-bed by the insertion of packing between it and the
bench top. (N.B. aa may equally represent the cramp-bed or the front edge of
the bench top, their dimensions corresponding.)
1-A dotted line position for the lathe-head when used-Any ordinary lathe
head may be fitted together with rest &c. &c. in the usual way, the necessary bolts
passing through the slot formed by the cramp bed when packet to the necessary
distance from the bench-top.
2-A fly wheel suitable also for receiving and actuating a band-saw and carried
by a stud (or otherwise) upon
3-a transverse piece for carrying the driving or fly wheel when we prefer this
to the ordinary lathe-construction.
Fig. II. An end elevation showing the necessary parts some of which are not
observed in Fig. I.
a a-Bench-top as in Fig. I.
a End of cramp-bed actuated by
-cramp screw threaded into bench. ((N.B.) The gap (end view) shows the
lathe-bed formed by a a with a'.)
bb-Legs as in Fig. I (end view however).
cc-Cross piece with skew joints.
dd-Diagonal straining bolts (similar to d d in Fig. I.) procuring rigidity in the
transverse direction.
ee and ff-Articulations similar to the corresponding letters in Fig. I., their
difference being as to longitudinal and transverse directions.
j-The joining of cc Fig. I. with cc (Fig. II.) i.e. the longitudinal joining the
cross piece.
kk The skew mortices which draw the parts together on the cramping of c c in
the direction of a a.
-A tool box hinged to a a and capable of folding up upon it.
m n q (Continuous lines). The frame, wheel &c. necessary to form a band
sawing machine. mnq is fixed to the bench-top, the band saw is run upon g, the
upper wheel, and the fly wheel below, and the whole is actuated by a common
foot treadle.
2-The fly wheel as in Fig. I.
33-The transverse piece as in Fig. 1. The dotted lines show in the same
elevation an outline of the upright-saw and fret-saw parts necessary to our invention
the reference is as follows:
4-A plunger which is square or of such angular shape that it will not turn in
its bearings but may slide up and down freely, carrying upon it a saw suitably
attached. N.B. Any suitable bearings may be inserted in the upright suggested

page_text: by the dotted lines and any kind of cramp screws or other device may enter the
bench top and make the said frame rigid with it on the lower side.
5-A connecting rod actuating the plunger by means of the crank stud on the
fly-wheel.
6-A sawing table suitable for the purpose.
7-A possible addition of a fret sawing fram which on being attached to 6
converts the whole into a fret-sawing machine.
Fig. III.—A plan, of the longitudinal and transverse pieces as above described,
in which the necessary perforations are represented by the small circles, and ;
cc cc Fig. I. whilst
cccc Fig. II.
kk-The dove-tail joints on the lower sides of the cross-pieces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is ;
1. The bench with with girder-diagonal screws particularly as herein-described.
2. The combination of a tool-box with the said bench, capable of containing the
parts, as herein-described.
3. The combination of a lathe with the said bench, as herein described.
4. The combination of a band-saw with the said bench and lathe.
5. The combination of a fret-sawing-machine, with the said bench and lathe.
6. The combination of an upright saw, particularly herein described, with the
said bench and lathe.
7. The combination of the said cramp and lathe-bed with the bench: all as
particularly herein described.
Dated this 4th day of September 1809
JAMES MCHARDY.
WALKER GEORGE DE FORGÉS GARLAND.