IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED WHEN DRAWING IRON, STEEL, AND OTHER METAL TUBES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Smith, of No. 31, Cumberland Street,
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun Barrel Maker, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED WHEN DRAWING IRON,
STEEL, AND OTHER METAL TUBES."
Scaled the 28th October 1864, and dated the 13th July 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
July 1864.
I, BENJAMIN SMITH, of No. 31, Cumberland Street, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Gun Barrel Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED WHEN DRAWING IRON,
STEEL, AND OTHER METAL TUBES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improvements in apparatus used when drawing
iron, steel, and other metal tubes. For these purposes the dies, rings, or
instruments through which iron, steel, and other metal tubes are to be drawn
are made by what is technically called chill casting, and such dies, rings, or
instruments when in use are placed in suitable draw plates or other holders.
The forms of these rings or instruments will be varied according to the
circumstances under which they are to be used. In making chill cast rings,

page_text: dies, or instruments for finishing iron and steel tubes where the edges of the
dies, rings, or instruments are to produce a slight cutting effect the dies, rings,
or instruments are made truly cylindrical or parallel on the inside. The ends
are by preference formed at right angles to the central axis of the instrument.
On the outside a projecting or surrounding rib or projecting collar is formed,
on which in some cases a hoop of wrought iron is shrunk; this collar or
projecting rib is to enter a groove or recess formed in the draw plate or other
suitable holder, by this means what may be called a chill cast-iron bushing or
lining will be used in the passage of the draw plate or holder, through which
a tube is drawn, which lining or bushing may be readily changed or turned
end for end when one end has been worn; or the worn end may be ground
off, and the instrument again used. When the rings, dies, or instruments are
to be otherwise employed then the forms will be modified accordingly.
In casting these instruments iron moulds are used with internal iron
mandrils or cores of the form and sizes of the desired interior passages of the
instruments, which cores or mandrils are driven out as quickly as may be, in
order that the cast metal may not cool too much therein, as is well understood
in making chill castings for other purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th January 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
SMITH, of No. 31, Cumberland Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Gun Barrel Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Benjamin Smith, Her special licence that I, the said Benjamin Smith,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Benjamin Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS USED WHEN DRAWING IRON, STEEL, AND OTHER METAL TUBES,"

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Benjamin Smith,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Benjamin Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in improvements in apparatus used when drawing
iron, steel, and other metal tubes. For these purposes the dies, rings, or
instruments through which iron, steel, and other metal tubes are to be drawn
are made by what is technically called chill casting, and such dies, rings, or
instruments when in use are placed in suitable draw plates or other holders.
The forms of these rings or instruments will be varied according to the
circumstances under which they are to be used. In making chill cast rings,
dies, or instruments for finishing iron and steel tubes where the edges of the
dies, rings, or instruments are to produce a slight cutting effect the dies,
rings, or instruments are made truly cylindrical or parallel on the inside. The
ends are by preference formed at right angles to the central axis of the
instrument. On the outside a projecting or surrounding rib or projecting
collar is formed, on which in some cases a hoop of wrought iron is shrunk ;
this collar or projecting rib is to enter a groove or recess formed in the draw
plate or other suitable holder, by this means what may be called a chill cast-
iron bushing or lining will be used in the passage of the draw plate or holder,
through which a tube is drawn, which lining or bushing may be readily
changed or turned end for end when one end has been worn; or the worn
end may be ground off, and the instrument again used. When the rings, dies,
or instruments are to be otherwise employed then the forms will be modified
accordingly.
In casting these instruments iron moulds are used with internal iron
mandrils or cores of the form and sizes of the desired interior passages of
the instruments, which cores or mandrils are driven out as quickly as may be,
in order that the cast metal may not cool too much thereon, as is well
understood in making chill castings for other purposes.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation, Figure 2 shows an end view, and Figure 3
a section of an iron mould and core for casting chilled iron bushes to be used
in dies for drawing tubes according to this Invention. The mould consists of
two parts a, b, hinged together at c, and d is the core. In Figure 3 a chilled
iron bush e is shown in position as it would be immediately on running the
fluid iron into the mould, and before the core had been driven out. The
portion d' of the core on which the casting is produced is nearly cylindrical,
the coring being very slight, in order to facilitate the driving out of the core.
Figure 4 shows a transverse section of a die box having a chilled iron bush e
secured therein in the manner in which it is preferred to hold and use such
bushes, but the manner of holding such chilled iron bushes may be varied;
and the form of the bushing may also be varied, but it is preferred that each
bush should be formed of a conical shape on each side, so as to admit of being
used on either side, and also to admit of each side being ground away after
having been used for some time. In the arrangement shown in Figure 4,
f is the die box or holder, which consists of the lower part f¹ having two
upright cheeks, in each of which is a groove f³, fs, down which the die
slides. Each chill cast-iron bush e has a ring or hoop e¹ shrunk on; this ring
or hoop is by preference of good wrought iron; e, c, are two rings also of
wrought iron by preference, one on each side of the chill cast bush e. By
this arrangement the parts e, e¹, es, act as a die, through which iron or other
metal tubes are drawn, to finish them in the ordinary manner as when using
other dies.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the
manufacture and application of chill cast bushings or linings, herein described,
of dies used in the manufacture of drawn tubes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.