Improvements in the Manufacture of Chains and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 8th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chains and Apparatus
therefor.
CHARLES WHILE Field Side House, Elizabeth Street Workington Cumberland,
Iron and Steel Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
:-
This invention has for its effect the manufacture of chains from metal while in
its molten state, and consists in running or casting it into moulds so formed that
the cavities or channels form a complete chain with the necessary runners and
ventilators.
T neantion will be most woodily understood by reference to the accompanying
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chains and Apparatus
therefor.
CHARLES WHILE Field Side House, Elizabeth Street Workington Cumberland,
Iron and Steel Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention has for its effect the manufacture of chains from metal while in
its molten state, and consists in running or casting it into moulds so formed that
the cavities or channels form a complete chain with the necessary runners and
ventilators.
This invention will be most readily understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings in which
Fig. 1 represents a plan of the lower half of the mould,
Fig. 2 represents a vertical section of complete mould and
Fig. 3 is a plan and side view of the coves.
In each figure the letter A indicates the mould and B the coves.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chains and Apparatus
therefor.
CHARLES WHILE Field Side House Elizabeth Street Workington Cumberland,
Iron & Steel Works Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its effect the manufacture of chains from metal while in
its molten state, and consists in running or casting it into moulds, so formed that
the cavities or channels are of the form of a complete chain with the necessary
runners and ventilators.
This invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which
Fig. 1, represents a plan of the lower half of the mould,
Fig. 2 represents a vertical section of the complete mould and
Fig. 3 is a plan and side view of the coves.
In each figure the letters A and A' represents the mould and B, the coves.
The mould is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in a horizontal position, but while
casting I prefer that it is placed vertically so that the casting will get the full
benefit of the pressure caused by the weight of the git or shrinkhead D.
The pattern I prefer using for making the moulds when sand or composition
moulds are to be used, is shown in Fig. 4, which is arranged to make short lengths
of chain of nine links each, but this may be varied to suit the length of the flask
or moulding box, the parts marked by the letters E Fig. 4 are "prints," that form
seats in the mould for placing the coves in as shown in Figs. 1 and Fig. 2.
In making chains of soft metal, or short link chains, cast iron moulds or chilis
may be used to take the place of the sand or composition, the coves are preferably
made of some friable material such as sand, loam, clay, lime, plumbago or asbestos,
so that they be easily broken and detached from the chain bar casting, but they
also may be made of metal but in that case they should be made in two parts

page_text: so that they may be removed from the casting without the necessity of breaking
them.
Fig. 5 shows a cast chain-bar as it will appear when taken out of the mould,
with the runners C, and shrinkhead or git D attached and also ventilating strips
between the links, it will be apparent now, that if the runners and the strips
between the links are severed, the chain bar will at once be converted into a rough
chain with its seperate links movable one within the other.
Fig. 6, shows part of a mould used for joining the short lengths of chain already
cast to new portions to be cast, the lower portion of this figure is shown broken
away so as to expose the manner of placing the end link of a short piece of chain
into the lower moulded link of the mould. F indicates the chain, it will be seen
that the lower link of the chain bar when cast will be jointed to the chain and the
link will be movable within it. When it is necessary to join two pieces of chain
together it is done by casting a short length of chain bar between them, or they
may be joined by means of a welded link.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. The use in combination of the mould A. A¹ Fig. 1 and 2. and the coves B.
Fig. 1. 2 and 3 for the purpose of casting the chain bar Fig. 5.
2ndly. The manufacture of chains by first casting a chain bar Fig. 5 and subse-
quently dividing or seperating it into links by the division of the runners and strips
between the links substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 5th day of December 1891
CHARLES WHILE.