Improvements in or applicable to Paper Making.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 9th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 8th June, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Paper Making.
We JOHN HARGREAVES of Collyhurst Paper Mills Manchester in the County
of Lancaster, Paper Maker, and THOMAS RICHARD HEWLETT of 5 Gainsborough
Street Plymouth Grove Manchester, in the said county, Commercial Traveller,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to improve the method of staining or coloring
and sizing the pulp in the making of paper and at the same time to purify the
water employed therein so as to obtain a clear and innocuous effluent.
For the purposes of our invention we prefer to employ an artificial ochre which
is composed of a mixture of about equal parts of sulphate of iron and slaked lime
either ground or otherwise dissolved in a sufficient quantity of water to bring it to
a milky consistency; or other suitable coloring compounds may be used.
This we add preferably to the "stuff" in the rag engine or it may be added to
the pulp in a more advanced stage of its manufacture. The effect of this addition
is not only to stain or color and size the pulp of which the paper is made but it
will be found also to clean both the fibres of the pulp and the water so that the
effluent is perfectly clear and pure.
This effect is greatly facilitated by the addition of a small quantity of starch,
flour, or other farinaceous matter (say) from about two per cent. upwards to the
stuff or pulp.
We do not wish to confine ourselves to the proportions above given nor yet to
the exact ingredients, for example instead of slaked lime we may use other suitable
alkalies, and instead of sulphate of iron alone, we may employ a mixture of
sulphate of iron and sulphate of copper to produce a modified shade, the main
object being to produce an artificial ochre in the form of a neutral combination
for coloring and sizing the pulp.
Dan 1
T...
1004
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.
We JOHN HARGREAVES of Collyhurst Paper Mills, Manchester in the County
of Lancaster, Paper Maker and THOMAS RICHARD HEWLETT of 5 Gainsborough
Street Plymouth Grove Manchester, in the said county, Commercial Traveller,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The objects of this invention are to improve the method of staining or coloring
and sizing the pulp in the manufacture of paper, and at the same time to purify
the water employed therein. The use of the invention also enables paper
manufacturers in some cases to dispense with the boiling or washing of the raw
[P17

page_text: materials employed (including woollens) thus obtaining a clear and innocuous
effluent and preventing the pollutions of rivers and streams thereby.
For the purposes of our invention we employ an artificial ochre which is
composed of a mixture of about equal parts of sulphate of iron and slaked lime or
chloride or sulphate of lime, either ground or otherwise, and dissolved in a
sufficient quantity of water to bring it to a milky consistency; or instead of using
sulphate of iron in crystals, we may employ the "mother liquor" resulting from
the process of manufacturing sulphate of iron, or other solutions containing
sulphate of iron, to mix with the lime so as to produce the coloring compound or
artificial ochre.
The coloring compound thus formed we add preferably to the "stuff" in the
rag engine, or it may be added to the same in other stages of its manufacture.
The effect of this addition is not only to stain or color the pulp of which the paper
is made, but it will also be found to answer the purpose of sizing so that the latter
process may in some cases be dispensed with, and it will also clean both the fibres
of the pulp and the water so that the effluent will be considerably purer than
heretofore.
This effect is greatly facilitated by the addition of a small quantity of starch,
flour, or other farinaceous matter (say from about two per cent. upwards) to the
stuff or pulp.
We do not wish to confine ourselves to the proportions above given nor yet to
the exact ingredients, for example instead of sulphate of iron alone or in crystals
we may use the "mother liquor as above described, and we may combine there-
with small quantities of salts of copper or of zinc (or both) or manganese so as to
produce a modified shade of color, the main object being to produce an artificial
ochre or coloring composition in the form of a neutral combination suitable for the
purposes above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The manufacture (and use in paper making) of an artificial ochre or coloring
composition, by the combination of sulphate of iron (either by itself or in
combination with salts of copper, zinc, or manganese, or any two or more of them)
with slaked lime or chloride or sulphate of lime so as to produce a neutral
combination substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set
forth.
Dated this 8th dox of March 1895.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.