Improvements in or connected with Gas Fired Steam Generators.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1891-Accepted, 4th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Gas Fired Steam Generators.
I, JOHN JACKSON, of Chapel Chambers South, Chapel Street, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference mainly to gas fired steam generators and consists
chiefly of certain combinations with or applications and constructions of gas
producers to horizontal steam generators.
According to one arrangement a gas producer is combined with a tube filled
cylindrical vessel, horizontally disposed, the gas producer being disposed at one
end. The gas producer is placed within an outer shell, both producer and outer
shell being vertical and cylindrical, and the space between them is filled with water.
The outer shell is connected to the tube filled vessel by suitable conduits for causing
the proper circulation of water throughout the structure. The producer and its
outer casing may stand upon suitable brickwork foundation and the gas made in the
producer is led down through the water within such casing by a conduit or conduits
and delivered into a fire brick combustion chamber, whereinto air, suitably heated
by passing through brickwork channels heated by the flames and heat of combustion,
is introduced and used to effect and support combustion of the gases made. The
gases of combustion in some cases will act upon a part of the outside of the shell of
the producer portion before they enter the tubes of the main vessel, into which
they pass from the combustion chamber. The tube filled vessel may be so arranged
that some of the tubes carry the heating gases through one way and the rest convey
them back again or all may be used to convey the gases once through; and suitable
steam vessels may be used in conjunction with the tube filled vessel if desired as
may also circulating vesse's, and mud vessels.
The gas producer or producers are by preference arranged excentrically relatively
with the outer shell surrounding them, and both furnace and shell may have semi-
spherical domes where room is available. For land purposes the producer with its
casing may be partly sunk, that is set within a pit, and fuel may be supplied to it
through a trapped hopper of any known suitable kind.
In applying this invention to steam generators having horizontal or inclined
bottom and upper vessels, said vessels being connected together by upright "water
tubes," such as in the Thornycroft and analogous boilers, the gas producer and its
outer casing are disposed under the upper vessel or vessels and between the lower
ones, and the gas producer's outer shell is connected at the bottom and top to the
lower and upper vessels respectively. The construction of producer which I prefer
to use in this case is that above described.
Another arrangement or combination of gas fired steam generator consists in
combining the gas producer with its outside casing with a water tube steam generator
wherein the water tubes are inclined (the inclination approaching the horizontal
plane), and connected at their opposite ends to water casings, after the "Roots"
type of boiler. In this case the vertical gas producer and outer shell are arranged
below the front water casing and front portion of the tubes, and set partially in a
sunk pit, the outer casing being connected to the end water casings or the other
vessels of the generator at the top and lower part, to provide for the circulation of
water through the space enclosed between the producer and its outer casing. The
gases made in the producer are led by a suitable conduit, pipe or pipes down through
the water outside it, and then burned in the manner above specified.
The generator in this case as in the others would be provided with upper water
and steam cylinders, and lower water and mud vessels.

page_text: When a battery of steam generators with gas producers, according to this inven-
tion, are employed, the fuel may be conveyed to the feed hoppers of the producers
by a horizontal conduit having a worm conveyer therein, with branches to each feed
hopper, provided with suitable valves, by which the supply to each hopper may be
controlled as desired.
It is to be understood that the construction of gas producer herein described may
be applied to other forms of tubular and other steam generators than the ones
particularly mentioned, and that duplex or multiplex arrangements of such producers
may be combined with such steam generators. It is also to be understood the
construction of gas producer as described may be modified in various ways according
to the different applications of it.
Dated this 28th day of August 1890.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Gas Fired Steam Generators.
I, JOHN JACKSON, of Chapel Chambers South, Chapel Street, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference mainly to gas fired steam generators, and consists
chiefly of certain combinations with, or applications and constructions of, gas
producers to horizontal steam generators.
According to one arrangement a gas producer is combined with a tube filled
cylindrical vessel, horizontally disposed, the gas producer being disposed at one
end. The gas producer is placed within an outer shell, both producer and outer
shell being vertical and cylindrical, and the space between them is filled with water.
The outer shell is connected to the tube filled vessel by suitable conduits for
causing the proper circulation of water throughout the structure. The producer
and its outer casing may stand upon a suitable brickwork foundation, and the gas
made in the producer is led down through the water within such casing or (other-
wise) by a conduit or conduits, and delivered into a fire brick combustion chamber,
whereinto air, suitably heated by passing through brickwork channels heated by
the flames and heat of combustion, is introduced and used to effect and support
combustion of the gases made. The gases of combustion in some cases will act
upon a part of the outside of the shell of the producer portion before they enter the
tubes of the main vessel, into which they pass from the combustion chamber. The
tube filled vessel may be so arranged that some of the tubes carry the heating gases
through one way and the rest convey them back again, or all may be used to
convey the gases once through; and suitable steam vessels may be used in
conjunction with the tube filled vessel if desired, as may also circulating vessels,
and mud vessels.
The gas producer or producers may be arranged eccentrically relatively with
the outer shell surrounding them, and both furnace and shell may have semispherical
domes where room is available. For land purposes the producer with its casing
may be partly sunk, that is set within a pit, and fuel may be supplied to it through
a trapped hopper of any known suitable kind.
"water
In applying this invention to steam generators having horizontal or inclined
bottom and upper vessels, said vessels being connected together by upright
tubes," such as in the "Thornycroft" and analogous boilers, the gas producer and
its outside casing are disposed under the upper vessel or vessels and between the
lower ones, and the gas producer's outer shell is connected at the bottom and top
to the lower and upper vessels, respectively. The construction of producer which
I prefer to use in this case is that above specified.

page_text: Another arrangement or combination of gas fired steam generator consists in
combining the gas producer with its outside casing with a water tube steam
generator wherein the water tubes are inclined (the inclination approaching the
horizontal plane), and connected at their opposite ends to water casings, after the
"Roots" or like type of boiler. In this case the vertical gas producer and outer
shell are arranged below the front water casing and front portion of the tubes, and
set partially in a sunk pit, the outer casing being connected to the end water casings
or the other vessels of the generator at the top and lower part, to provide for the
circulation of water through the space enclosed between the producer and its outer
casing. The gases made in the producer are led by a suitable conduit, pipe or
pipes, down through the water outside it (or otherwise) and then burned in the
manner above specified.
The generator in this case, as in some others, would be provided with upper
water and steam cylinder, and lower water and mud vessels.
In the drawings which serve to illustrate my invention,
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 is a plan, of one form of my
improved steam generator.
Figures 3 and 4 are sectional elevation and plan, respectively, of another form
of the invention; and
Figures 5 and 6 are sectional elevation and plan, respectively, of a water tube
steam generator according to the invention.
In these figures, a is the gas producer furnace; is the shell of the vessel within
which the producer a is arranged; e is a conduit by which the gases made in a are
conveyed to the combustion chamber, which is designated d. e designates the
tubulous portion or portions of the steam generator, which is or are subjected to
the heat resulting from the combustion of the gases made in the producer a.
In Figure 1, the portion e consists of a cylindrical vessel having horizontal tubes
running from end to end, and through which, the gases made, pass from the
combustion chamber d. In Figures 3 and 4 this tubular portion consists of two
outer or wing main tubes, and an upper main tube, the upper and wing tubes being.
connected by a number of upright tubes through which the water circulates, and
in which it is heated. This type of steam generator is frequently employed in
torpedo boats, and is generally called a "Thornycroft boiler.'
In Figures 5 and 6 the tubulous portion consists of inclined water tubes, the hot
gases passing outside the tubes.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, particularly, the gases from the gas producer
pass by the conduits c into the gas chamber, through and from which, the gases
pass by apertures into d; and here air enters from the conduit through apertures
in opposite streams, and this air being heated, the gases mix with it, and perfect
combustion results. These gases pass up between the shell and the tube plate
of the portion e, and then through the tubes in e. Communication above the water
line is made between e and b by the pipe i, and water communication between e
and 6 is made by the pipes which lead from the water and mud separating
vessel 1, which is in communication with the lower portion of e.
caused to pass to the lower part of b.
The water is thus
The air delivered to the combustion chamber through the conduit may be
heated before introduction thereto; this may be done by passing it through
passages, such as ', before it enters h, or through other conduits in the brickwork
of the boiler. m is the opper through which the gas producer a is fed with fuel,
and n is the ashpit.
In the arrangement in Figures 3 and 4, two producer furnaces a are arranged
within the shell b, and this shell is entirely filled with water, it being in direct
communication at its upper part with the upper tube of the boiler proper. Its
lower portion is connected to the lower or wing main tubes by connecting
pipes k.
In the steam generator shewn in Figure 5, practically the same arrangement
exists as in Figures 3 and 4, except that in this example, one producer furnace a

page_text: only is provided in the shell b, but any number of producers or producer furnaces
may be used in any case where desired. The shell is, in this example, provided
with water inlet circulating pipes k and outlet pipes i, leading, respectively, from
the lower chamber e' of the tubes e, and to the upper chamber e² of the tubes e.
In all the figures, the same letters are used to designate the same or like parts
wherever they occur, and therefore where particular parts are not particularly
mentioned with reference to the different arrangements, the letters of reference
thereon, are to be taken as explanatory of such parts.
Heretofore where gas producers have been used with horizontal steam generators,
or inclined water tube steam generators, and the like, they have mostly constituted
a separate portion of such steam generator, and they have not been employed to
generate steam as well as make gas to be afterwards burned in the combustion
space of the boiler. By such constructions a large amount of heat is absolutely
lost, and it has been proved, that although gas-fired steam generators of such a
nature should theoretically produce better results than those produced by the
ordinary mode of effecting the combustion of the fuel entirely on the grate itself,
they have not on the whole done so where ordinary boilers have been properly
stoked; but I, by my invention, avoid altogether the said losses of heat, and effect
a large saving in coal, and thereby enable the theoretical superiority of firing the
said types of steam generators by gas to be realized in actual and every day
working, which, as above stated, has been found impossible hitherto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, it. is to be understood that
the invention is not confined to the particular examples given in the drawings, as
it is susceptible of application to other types of steam generators than those, and
of modification, without departing from the controlling features and nature of the
invention; but what I claim in respect of this invention is :--
1. The combination in a horizontal steam generator, or a steam generator such
as shewn, of a gas producer furnace or furnaces set within a shell, and surrounded
by water, the gas produced therein being conveyed by suitable conduits from the
producer furnace or furnaces and directly burned by air suitably introduced, and
the gases of combustion passing over surfaces of the steam generator to be
heated.
2. In combination with a steam generator, a gas producer comprising a furnace
or furnaces such as a, and a shell such as b, the furnace or furnaces being covered
with water, and the gas produced being led from said furnace or furnaces by a
suitable conduit or conduits to an external combustion chamber or space or spaces;
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. The gas producer consisting of a furnace or furnaces a, and shell b, sub-
stantially as set forth with reference to the drawings.
4. The steam generator consisting of the portion e and the gas producer
portions a b, combined, arranged, and adapted to operate as set forth with reference
to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings.
5. The steam generator consisting of the portions e and the gas producer
portions a b, combined, arranged, and adapted to operate as set forth with reference
to Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings.
6. The steam generator consisting of the portions e and the gas producer
portions a b, combined, arranged, and adapted to operate as set forth with reference
to Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings.
Dated this 28th day of May 1891.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.