IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OF HEATING WATER AND PURIFYING THE SAME FOR USE IN STEAM BOILERS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES FOR WHICH PUPE WATER MAY BE REQUIRED
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
OF HEATING WATER AND PURIFYING THE SAME FOR USE IN STEAM BOILERS,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES FOR WHICH PUPE WATER MAY BE REQUIRED."-
A communication from abroad by Edwin Ruthven Stilwell, of
Dayton, in the State of Ohio, United States of America.
Sealed the 18th February 1870, and dated the 24th December 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 24th December 1869.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF
HEATING WATER AND PURIFYING THE SAME FOR USE IN STEAM BOILERS, AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES FOR WHICH PURE WATER MAY BE REQUIRED," to be as
follows:-

page_text: chest the water to be heated and purified and also the steam for heating
and purifying the same in such manner that the steam is directed
through and across a thin inflowing sheet of the water, and the latter is
thereby dashed into a fine spray, in which condition the water will be
readily heated. It also consists in causing the water (after it has been
submitted to the action of steam as above stated) to flow in a thin sheet
over a series of plain or corrugated metallic shelves arranged so as to
present a large amount of surface in a comparatively small space,
between which shelves steam is admitted at one or more apertures, and
is conducted in an opposite direction to the current of water, thus
imparting to the water an additional amount of heat, and causing it to
deposit large quantities of its crystallizable matters upon the shelves.
It also consists in arranging a filtering medium in combination with the
shelves above referred to, so that the water is conducted through it
before leaving the main outlet, and is thereby deprived of the more solid
and less soluble particles which may be found floating in it.
:
The second part of the Invention consists, first, in providing the induc-
tion water pipe of a water heater and purifier with a distributing disc
for the purpose of spreading the water in a thin sheet to steam to act
upon the water to the best advantage; second, in the employment of
a series of orifices for the introduction of steam at different levels, so
as to bring it simultaneously in contact with the water in all parts
of the heater.
The third part of the Invention consists, first; in a series of corrugated
or plain shelves arranged within a shen and constructed with removable
sections, which will allow convenient access to be had to the interior of
the shell; second, in securing the man-hole door to the shell by the
employment of adjustable rabbeted bars, which will allow the door to be
removed or replaced without detaching the bars from the shell; third,
in a filtering chamber arranged below a series of alternating shelves so
that the water will be filtered by causing it to flow upwardly through
the filtering medium instead of downwardly through such medium;
fourth, in a mud receptacle arranged beneath a feed water heating and
filtering apparatus.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th June 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lanc, in the.
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Wiliam Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In,
PROVED APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF HEATING WATER AND PURIFYING THE
SAME FOR USE IN STEAM BOILERS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES FOR WHICH PURE
WATER MAY BE REQUIRED." being a communication to me from abroad by
Edwin Ruthven Stilwell, of Dayton, in the State of Ohio, United States
of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that the said
William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
ود
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):-
The first part of this Invention consists in introducing into a suitable

page_text: chest the water to be heated and purified and also the steam for heating
and purifying the same in such manner that the steam is directed through
and across a thin inflowing sheet of the water, and the latter is thereby
dashed into a fine spray, in which condition the water will be readily
heated. It also consists in causing the water (after it has been sub-
mitted to the action of steam as above stated) to flow in a thin sheet
over a series of plain or corrugated metallic shelves arranged so as to
present a large amount of surface within a comparatively small space,
between which shelves steam is admitted at one or more apertures,
and is conducted in an opposite direction to the current of water, thus
imparting to the water an additional amount of heat and causing it to
deposit large quantities of its crystallizable matters upon the shelves.
It also consists in so arranging a filtering medium in combination wil
the shelves above referred to, that the water will be conducted through
it before leaving the main outlet, and will thereby be deprived of
the more solid and less soluble particles which may be found floating

page_text: pipe may communicate with the exhaust of a steam engine, or it may
communicate with any other steam source. The grating or perforated
plate & serves to support the filtering material F above the outlet pass-
age 1. From the above description it will be seen that after the
impure water leaves the pipe f', it will fall upon the upper plate a of
the series of plates and thence flow in a zig-zag course over the several
plates a, a, and finally fall upon and pass through the filtering material F
and escape through the pipe ". It will also be seen that the water
will be subjected to the direct action of steam entering at m and n and
that the steam which enters at n will fill the chamber below the plates
a and then take an upward zig-zag course between these plates (as
indicated by the dotted arrows in Fig. 1) on its way to the escape pipe
E'.
By this arrangement the water as it falls from the pipe f', will
be met by the inflowing steam at the orifice m, and as the water passes
over the shelves in a thin sheet it will be subjected to the action of
steam which is passing in the opposite direction through the spaces
between the shelves or plates a, a. In this way the crystallizable matters
in the water will be deposited upon the plates a, a, and the water will be
considerably heated. After being thus treated the water will be deprived
of its less soluble particles by the filtering material F through which it is
conducted on its way to the escape pipe 7. Any suitable filtering mate-
rial may be employed for separating the solid matters from the hot
water, and this material should be arranged between the last or lowest
one of the series of plates a and the orifice for the escape of the pure
water. If it be not desired to introduce steam through the orifice m this
orifice may be dispensed with and the water inlet pipe and steam out-
let pipe may be arranged as indicated by the dotted lines f and E. It
is obvious that the different parts of the apparatus may be changed in
form and location without departing from the principle of the Inven-
tion or the elements constituting its novelty.
The second part of the Invention consists, first, in providing the induc-
tion water pipe of a water heater and purifyer, with a distributing
disc for the purpose of spreading the water in a thin sheet to allow.
steam to act upon the water to the best advantage; second, in the
employment of a series of orifices for the introduction of steam at
different levels so as to bring it simultaneously in contact with the water
in all parts of the heater.

page_text: Fig 3 is a perspective view of the improved feed water heater and
purifier; Fig. 4 is a sectional view shewing one half of the interior s
it appears when the heater is opened for the purpose of removing the
lime and other impurities that have been deposited on the shelves;
Fig. 5 is a top view of one of the shelves, and Fig. 6 is a perspective
view of the steam inlet pipe showing the openings in the depositing
shelves and the steam pipe and dripping troughs.
A represents the outer case of the feed water heater, which is of
cylindrical form, but may be made of any figure with curved or plane
surfaces; E is the induction steam pipe connected with the exhaust
valves of an engine and receiving its steam from them; D is the
educon steam pipe; C is the induction water pipe through which the
water to be heated and purified enters the case A; it is provided with
a valve x, which is so operated as to admit water only at each exhaust
of steam from the engine so that the water may enter the case A at
intervals simultaneously with the steam; K. is the eduction water pipe
for conveying the heated and cleansed water to the boilers. The case A
may be made in two parts hinged together, as shewn in the Drawing,
and further secured by bolts, or it may be connected by bolts only.
The water upon entering the heater or case A through the pipe C is
discharged within and near the bottom of the overflow box F, it fills
this box and flows out upon the distributing disk G from which it
would fall in a thin sheet upon the upper shelf I' if it were not met
by a current of steam from the top of the steam pipe H which dashes
it into spray and throws it outward toward the walls of the case. The
water then falls upon the shelf I' and flows inwards toward the opening
i near the pipe H. Descending through this opening the water falls
towards the second shelf I, but in passing the orifice j in the steam
pipe it is met by a current of steam and is again dashed into spray and
is thrown towards the circumference of the shelf. If desired and to
prevent all possibility of the water entering the orifices of the steam
pipe and to check a too rapid descent of the falling water drippr
troughs or supplementary shelves h, h, may be attached to the steam pipe
just below the opening in each shelf and just above the orifice in the
steam pipe, projecting towards the case A far enough to throw the water
beyond the outer edge of the opening in the shelf below. These shields
or dripping troughs however are not essential.
water having
The

page_text: descended as described to the second shelf continues to fall from shelf
to shelf in the same manner meeting as it passes through each opening
with a fresh current of steam which separates it into spray, greatly
agitates it, heats it, and cleanses it from lime and other impurities which
are deposited on the shelves. In this way it will be seen that several
steam currents are in simultaneous action below the shelves and act
upon each fall of water, which is thus thoroughly heated and purified.
The third part of the Invention consists, first, in the use of a series of
corrugated or plain shelves arranged within a shell and constructed with
removable sections which will allow convenient access to be had to the
interior of the shell; second, in a novel mode of securing the man-hole
door to the shell by the employment of adjustable rabbetted bars which
will allow the door to be removed or replaced without detaching the bars
from the shell; third, in a filtering chamber arranged below a series of
alternating shelves, and so constructed that the water will be filtered Ly
causing it to flow upwardly through the filtering medium instead of
downwardly through such medium; fourth, in the adaptation of a mud
receptacle beneath a feed water, heating, and filtering apparatus.
Fig. 7, Sheet II., is a section taken diametrically through the
apparatus; Fig. 8 is a front view of the apparatus; Fig. 9 is a horizontal
section taken through Fig. 7 in the horizontal plane indicated by line
x, x, looking upward; Fig. 10 is a section through Fig. 7 taken in the
horizontal plane indicated by line y, y, looking downward; Fig. 10° is a
top view of one of the shelves with its removable section.
A represent the shell of the heater and filter, which may be con-
structed of a cylindrical, elliptical, rectangular, or of any other form, and
may be made of iron or of other suitable material; B represents the
induction water pipe leading into the case A through its top and termi-
nating at its inner end in an overflow box B'. The shelves C over
which the water is caused to flow are arranged one above another
at proper distances apart and have openings at their ends through
which the water passes from one shelf to another. Each shelf consists
of a central removable section a and two segmental or side sections
a², a³, as clearly shewn in Figures 9 and 10°. The side sections a¹, a',
are permanently attached to the shell A, but the intermediate section a
is made so that it can be removed or replaced at pleasure. The object
of having a portion a of each shelf removable is that free access may

page_text: be obtained to the interior of the shell A when the door A' is removed.
The sections a may each be secured in place by means of pivotted bars b
to which a rod b' is pivotted for working these bars. The sections a are
made wide enough to lap over the fixed sections, so that when the
pivotted bars b, b, are turned, as shewn in Fig. 9, their ends will pass
beneath the edges of the fixed sections, and thus hold the movable
sections in place. It is preferred to corrugate the shelves, as shewn in
Fig. 7, for the purpose of causing them to present a very large amount
of surface with a comparatively small superficial area. The door A'
which is applied to the shell A for the purpose of closing the opening
therein is held securely in place by means of rabbetted bars c, c, c, c,
which are secured to the shell by means of bolts and nuts. The bolts
pass through oblong holes made through the bars, so that by loosening
the nuts the bars can be moved back far enough to free the edges of the
door A', thereby allowing this door to be removed. Beneath the bottom
shelf C of the series is a chamber D, which will in practice contain any
suitable material adapted for filtering and purifying water, This
chamber is formed by the vertical division plate E and a perforated
bottom plate F and the bottom shelf C, as shewn in Fig. 7, and has a
passage d leading from it for conducting off the purified water, which
passage may have a strainer e adapted to it, as shewn in Figures 7 and 10.
Below the filtering chamber D is a strainer G, and below this strainer
the shell A terminates in a funnel or downwardly tapering portion G',
which forms a mud well, and from the lower end of which sediment car
be drawn off. H is a chamber into which steam is introduced at h, and
from which the steam enters the interior of the shell at i, i. The upper
orifice i is arranged so that the inflowing steam strikes the stream or sheet
of water as it falls from the overflowing vessel B' upon the first shelf C
of the series of shelves. The lower orifice i is so arranged that the inflow-
ing steam will strike the stream of water as it falls from the last shelf
of the series. The steam which enters the shell A through the lower
orifice ascends in a serpentine course between the series of shelves C
and is condensed. The steam which enters the shell at the upper orifice
¹ is more or less condensed, and that which is not condensed eseapes
through an orifice j at the top of the shell A.

page_text: shelf C, and passes to and fro over the shelves successively in the manner
indicated by the arrows in Fig. 7. The steam is admitted through the
pipe h into the chamber H, and enters the shell A at the two points i, i.
That portion of steam which enters at the lower point i passes up
between the shelves in the direction opposite to the flow of water. The
descending water as it flows over and falls from one shelf to another is
met by the ascending steam and is heated, and is thus deprived of its
foreign crystallizable matters, which will be deposited on the shelves
C, C, C. That portion of the steam which is not condensed escapes
from the shell at j. After the heater water flows over the lower shelf it
descends, passes under the strainer F, and thence flous upwardly through
the filtering chamber D, and through the filtering material therein,
which deprives the water of the foreign matters which are floating in it.
The purified water is then drawn off through the orifice d.
In Figures 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 is shewn an arrangement of
apparatus adapted for live steam; Figures 12 and 13 are top views of
two shelves so constructed that when arranged one above the other the
sections overlap; Fig. 14 is a top view of one section removed; Fig. 15
is an edge view of the same. Fig. 16 is an edge view of Fig. 13. The
operation is shewn in Fig. 11. Water falls from the cup A and flows
into the boiler at c; B is a filtering chamber. The sections are removed
through man-holes at the side. The shelves being divided into sections
are easily removed through the man-hole provided for the purpose. The
openings of course allow of a very free passage or flow of water, but is
compensated for by its passage in very thin sheets or spray at each
opening, thus offering the best condition for the action of the steam upon
the water. The heater, sustains the same pressure as the boiler with
which it communicates.
Fig. 17 is a sectional view of a heater and purifier, which differs from
Fig. 11 only in the arrangement of the filtering material. In Fig. 17
the filtering material is applied within a chest N which is outside of
the heater and is in communication therewith by means of a bent pipe a.
The pipe a conducts the water from the main heater into the chest N
beneath the filtering material J therein. The water rises through this
filtering material and escapes from the chest at c.
the chest N is drawn off through an opening d.
device may be employed for water containing a
foreign sediment.
The mud collected in
This outside filtering
very large amount of

page_text: Having now described the Invention which has been communicated to
me, by my foreign correspondent as aforesaid, and having explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,-
First. The overflow box b, the pipe f¹ arranged with reference to the
vessel A as herein set forth.
Second. The adaptation of the steam inlet m to the overflow box b
for the purposes set forth.
.
Third. The use of the filtering material F between a series of shelves
and an outlet r as described.
Fourth. The arrangement of the steam inlet n, shelves a, a, filtering
material F, and outlet r in the vessel A, as herein set forth.
Fifth. The application of the depositing plates a, a, a, as described.
Sixth. The arrangement of the steam pipes m and n with reference to
the plates a, as described.
Seventh. The combination of the vessel A, the plates a, the plate d,
the steam pipes m, n, and E, and water pipes f¹ and r, as described.
Eighth. The use of a distributing disc located above the series of
shelves to receive and distribute the water from the induction pipe, as
described.
Ninth. The employment of a series of shelves to check the flow and
receive the impurities of the water in combination with a steam pipe or
pipes arranged as described and provided with a series of orifices for
introducing the steam at different levels so as to bring several currents of
steam into fresh and simultaneous action upon the water, as herein set
forth.
Tenth. The induction steam pipe H entering below the series of
shelves and provided with a series of openings for the escape of steam, as
described.
Eleventh. The dripping troughs h, h, arranged as and for the purpose
described.
Twelfth. The use of the corrugated or plain faced shelves C, as
described.
Thirteenth. The door A¹ applied to a shell A by means of the
adjustable bars c, c, and bolts and nuts, as herein set forth.

page_text: Fourteenth. The use of the filtering chamber D constructed and
arranged as described.
Fifteenth. The application of the mud well G¹ below a filtering
chamber D in combination with the shelves and steam inlets as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.