Improvements in Incandescence-Lamps for use with Petroleum and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 14th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 8th Jan., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescence-Lamps for use with Petroleum
and the like.
I, ADOLF GRAETZ, of C Claudius Strasse, of Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German
Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention refers to petroleum-lamps of the kind in which the flame
produced is a non-luminous one, and in which this flame is employed for heating
an incandescence-body such as known with incandescence gas-lamps.
My improvements in petroleum-lamps of said kind relate to certain combinations
and arrangements of parts as are fully described hereinafter and the purpose of
my improvements is to render the ignition of the lamp more easy and to make
the various parts of the burner accessible without necessitating a removal of the
incandescence-body from the chimney, or from the gallery of the burner
respectively.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing,
in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different views, and
in which:-
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the improved burner,
Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken on line 8-9 of Figure 1,
Figure 3 is also a horizontal section (or, more precisely, represents two such
sections) taken on line 10-11 of Figure 1,
Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1, but showing the lamp combined with a
mechanism for raising the gallery and other parts,
Figure 5 shows the gallery raised by the mechanism afore mentioned,
Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5. but showing the gallery separated from
said mechanism, and
Figure 7 is a plan of the burner and gallery employed in the form of construc-
tion shown in Figures 4-6, the chimney, the incandescence-body and the flame-
disk of the burner being removed.
My improved burner is constructed as follows:
The wick a (Figure 1), or the two concentric tubes a a² enclosing said wick
respectively, is or are encompassed by two concentric caps e e¹ that form two
annular channels or flúes, the inner channel being formed by or between the cape
and the upper end of the wick-tube a, and the outer channel being formed by
or between said two caps e e¹. A particular feature of these caps resides in their
having a uniform height, so that the draught produced within the two channels or
flues is of the same strength. There is, of course, an annular space between the
upper ends of the caps e e, and there are apertures in the lower portion of
the cap e, and apertures in the lower portion of the cap el. Therefore, the air
passing through the apertures escapes partly through the outer annular flue
and partly through the apertures c³. This second portion of the air flows up-
wards between the chimney and the incandescence-body which latter is sus-
pended from an annular rod o' fixed in position by means of a screw o². The

page_text: incandescence-body o takes with its lower end over the upper end of the cap e¹,
and is, in fact, supported not by said rod o¹ only but by the cap e¹, too.
Besides the two caps e e¹ afore mentioned there is provided a third cap which
extends upwards from the inner wick-tube a² and is supported by this tube. The
cap u carries the flame-disk which is situated between the (closed) top of
the cap in question, and the plane of the upper ends of the caps e el. The mantle-
portion of the cap u is provided with apertures ² that are situated not only below
the flame-disk u but also above the same.. The diameter of the cap is smaller
than that of the wick-tube a², or, in other words, that cap is contracted at u³, this
place being situated in close neighbourhood to the upper end of said wick-
tube. The (burning) gas issuing from the wick receives thus air through the
inner annular flue (formed by or between the upper end of the wick-tube a¹,
and the cap e) and through the lower apertures of the cap u, i.e. through those
apertures which are situated below the flame-disk ¹. The non-luminous flame thus
produced passes through the annular space between the edge of the flame-
disk u and the opposite edge of the cap e¹, and when leaving said space the flame
receives a second supply of air, this second supply taking place through the
outer annular flue (formed by or between the caps e and e¹) and through the
upper apertures of the cap u, i.e. through those apertures which are situated above
the flame-disk. This twofold supply of air is a characteristic feature of my
invention and I wish it to be understood that said twofold supply of air is to
take place in any case not from the outer side only but from the inner side too,
i.e. from the caps e e¹ as well as from the cap u. The particles of gas that are still
unburnt on passing through the annular space between the edges of the cape and the
flame-disk are completely burnt on getting mixed with the hot air issuing
from the outer annular flue and from the uppermost apertures of the cap u and
there results an extremely hot flame which is practically colorless and which
causes the incandescence-body to glow with an extreme brilliancy.
In order to facilitate the cleaning of the wick and the ignition of the same,
or of the lamp respectively, I prefer to combine the arrangements afore described
with a device for raising the gallery of the lamp (together with the chimney,
the incandescence-body and the caps e e¹) up to such a height that the cap u may
be drawn out of the inner wick-tube and removed from the burner. And I
further prefer to effect the connection between said lifting-device and the gallery
in such a way, that the gallery may be easily disconnected from, and as casily
connected with, said device, as is all fully described hereinafter.
Two
Referring to Figures 4, 5 & 6, the lower or main-portion of the burner-
casing is provided with two bearings r, Figure 6, holding a shaft 2.
curved levers s having each a slot s¹, Figure 5, are fixed to said shaft, and said
slots take over pins a, Figure 6, secured to vertical rods. The latter may be
displaced in guides 2, Figure 6, and are displaced by turning the shaft 2 in one
or the other direction, when the levers s, or the slots s¹ of the same respectively,
will take the pins a with them and will thus cause the vertical movement of the
rods a¹. The latter support, and are connected by, a ring z, Figure 6, provided
with hooks z¹.
The bottom at, of the gallery is provided with apertures a Figures 6 & 7, for
letting pass the hooks 1 afore mentioned; said apertures terminate into slits a.
After the gallery is placed upon the lifting-device, or, more precisely, after the
bottom at of the gallery is put upon the ring z of said device (in such a manner
that the hooks z¹ of said ring take through the apertures of said bottom) the
gallery is turned in such a direction, that the slits take below the hooks as
shown in Figure 7. The gallery is then securely connected with the lifting-
device and may, if desired, be easily disconnected and removed from the same
by being turned in the other direction as will be without any further explanation.
I am well aware that the connecting and disconnecting means just described
are known and I do not claim them per se but in combination only with an
incandescence-petroleum-lamp, because in such a combination said means have

page_text: not been made use of up to now, and because further said means are of far more
use in a lamp of the kind in question than in any other one.
T 1
1007
ADOLF
GRAETZ.
By Cassell & Co.,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Incandescence-Lamps for use with Petroleum
and the like.
I, ADOLF GRAETZ, of 6, Claudius-Strasse, of Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German
Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:--
This invention refers to petroleum-lamps of the kind in which the flame
produced is a non-luminous one, and in which this flame is employed for heating
an incandescent-body such as known and employed in the manufacture of incan-
descent gas-lamps.
My improvements in petroleum-lamps of said kind relate to certain combinations
and arrangements of parts as are fully described hereinafter and the purpose of
my improvements is to render the ignition of the lamp more easy and to make
the various parts of the burner accessible without necessitating a removal of the
incandescent-body from the chimney, or from the gallery of the burner
respectively.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the drawing left with
provisional specification, in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout
the different views, and in which: --
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the improved burner,
Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken on line 8-9 of Figure 1,
Figure is also a horizontal section (or, more precisely, represents two such
sections) taken on line 10-11 of Figure 1,
Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1, but showing the lamp combined with a
mechanism for raising the gallery and other parts,
Figure 5 shows the gallery raised by the mechanism afore mentioned,
Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, but showing the gallery separated from
said mechanism, and
Figure 7 is a plan of the burner and gallery employed in the form of construc-
tion shown in Figures 4-6, the chimney, the incandescent body and the flame-
disc of the burner being removed.
My improved burner is constructed as follows:
cape
The wick a (Figure 1), or the two concentric tubes a¹ a² enclosing said wick
respectively, is or are encompassed by two concentric caps e e¹ that form two
annular channels or flues, the inner channel being formed by or between the
and the upper end of the wick-tube a, and the outer channel being formed by
or between said two caps e el. A particular feature of these caps resides in their
having a uniform height, so that the draught produced within the two channels or
flues is of the same strength. There is, of course, an annular space between the
upper ends of the caps e el, and there are apertures e in the lower portion of
the cap e, and apertures e³ in the lower portion of the cap e¹. Therefore, the air

page_text: passing through the apertures e escapes partly through the outer annular flue
and partly through the apertures 3. The second portion of the air flows up-
wards between the chimney i and the incandescent-body which latter is sus-
pended from an annular rod of fixed in position by means of a screw ². The
incandescent-body takes with its lower end over the upper end of the cap e¹,
and is, in fact, supported not by said rod of only but also by the cap e¹..
a
Besides the two caps e el afore mentioned a third cap is provided which
extends upwards from the inner wick-tube a² and is supported by this tube. The
cap carries the flame-disk which is situated between the (closed) top of
the cap in question, and the plane of the upper ends of the caps e e. The mantle-
portion of the cap is provided with apertures that are situated not only below
the flame-disk u but also above the same. The diameter of the cap is smaller
than that of the wick-tube 2, or, in other words, the cap is contracted at 3, this
place being situated close to the upper end of. said wick-tube. The
(burning) gas issuing from the wick thus receives air through the
inner annular flue (formed by or between the upper end of the wick-tube a',
and the cap e) and through the lower apertures of the cap u, i.e. through those
apertures which are situated below the flame-disk u¹. The non-luminous flame thus
produced passes through the annular space between the edge of the flame-
disk u and the opposite edge of the cap e, and when leaving said space the flame
receives a second supply of air, this second supply taking place through the
outer annular flue (formed by or between the caps e and e) and through the
upper apertures of the cap u, i.e. through those apertures situated above
the flame-disk u'. This twofold supply of air is a characteristic feature of my
invention and I wish it to be understood that said twofold supply of air should
take place in any case not from the outer side only but also from the inner side,
i.e. from the caps e e¹ as well as from the cap u. The particles of gas still unburnt
on passing through the annular space between the edges of the cap e and the
flanie-disk are completely ignited as soon as the same become mixed with
the hot air issuing from the outer annular flue and from the highest apertures
of the cap and thus an extremely hot flame is produced which is practically
colorless and which causes the incandescent-body to glow with extreme brilliancy.
In order to facilitate the cleaning of the wick and the ignition of the same,
I prefer to combine the arrangements afore described with a device for raising
the gallery of the lamp (together with the chimney, the incandescent-body and
the caps e e) up to such height that the cap a may be drawn out of the inner
wick-tube and removed from the burner. And I further prefer to effect the con-
nection between said lifting-device and the gallery in such manner, that the
gallery may be easily disconnected from, and as easily connected with, said device, as
is described hereinafter.
Referring to Figures 4, 5 & 6, the lower or main-portion a³ of the burner-
casing is provided with two bearings, Figure 6, holding a shaft ². Two
curved levers s having each a slots, Figure 5, are fixed to said shaft, and said
slots take over pins a, Figure 6, secured to vertical rods. The latter may be
displaced in guides ³, Figure 6, and are displaced by turning the shaft 2 in one
or the other direction, when the levers s, or the slots of the same respectively,
will take the pins a with them and will thus cause the vertical movement of the
rods. The latter support, and are connected by, a ring z, Figure 6, provided
with hooks z¹.
The bottom at of the gallery is provided with apertures a, Figures 6 and 7,
to allow the hooks 2¹ to pass as before mentioned; said apertures terminate in
slits. After the gallery is placed upon the lifting-device, or, more precisely,
after the bottom of the gallery is put upon the ring of said. device (in such
manner that the hooks of said ring take through the apertures as of said
bottom) the gallery is turned in such direction, that the slits a take below the
hooks as shown in Figure 7. The gallery is then securely connected with the
lifting-device and may, if so desired, be easily disconnected and removed from

page_text: the same by being turned in the other direction as is clear without further
elucidation.
I am well aware that the connecting and disconnecting means just described
are known and I do not claim them per se but in combination only with an
incandescent-petroleum-lamp, because in such a combination said means have
not been thus employed up to now, and because further said means are more
practical in a lamp of the kind in question than in any other one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In an incandescent-lamp for the use with petroleum and the like, the
combination with the guide-tubes for a circular wick, of two concentric caps
encompassing said tubes, and forming two annular fiues of about the same height;
a third cap extending upwards from the inner wick-tube and having a smaller
diameter than this latter and a flame-disc held by said third cap, the latter
being closed at its top and provided with perforations in its mantle, for the pur-
pose as described.
2. In an incandescent lamp for the use with petroleum and the like, the com-
bination with the guide-tubes for a circular wick, of two concentric caps encom-
passing said tubes, and forming two annular flues of about the same height; a
third cap extending upwards from the inner wick-tube and having a smaller
diameter than the same; and a flame-disc held by said third cap, the latter being
closed at its top and provided with perforations in its mantle, said perforations
being situated partly below and partly above said flame-disc, for the purpose as
described.
3. In an incandescent lamp for the use with petroleum and the like, the
combination with the guide-tube for a circular wick, of two concentric caps
encompassing said tubes, and forming two annular flues of about the same height,
and extending over the plane of the upper ends of the wick-tubes; a third cap
extending upwards from the inner wick-tube over the plane of the upper ends of
said former two caps, and a flame-disc held by said third cap, and being arranged
between the top of the latter and the other caps, the third cap having a smaller
diameter than the inner wick-tube, and being provided with perforations below the
said flame-disc, as well as above the same, for the purpose as described.
4. In an incandescent body for the use with petroleum and the like, the
combination with the guide-tubes for a circular wick, of two concentric caps
encompassing said tubes, and forming two annular flues of about the same height;
a third cap extending upwards from the inner wick-tube and having a smaller
diameter than the same, and a flame-disc held by said third cap, the latter having
perforations situated below said flame dise as well as above the same, and
the other two caps being connected by a bottom having slits; hooks secured to
the support of said bottom and adapted to take through said slits, and means
for raising said support together with the gallery, the chimney, the other two
caps and the incandescent body of the lamp, and for maintaining these parts in
their raised position, for the purpose as described.
5. In an incandescent body for the use with petroleum and the like, the
combination with the guide-tubes for a circular wick, of two concentric caps
encompassing said tubes, and forming two annular flues of about the same height;
a third cap extending upwards from the inner wick-tube and having a smaller
diameter than the same, and a flame-disc held by said third cap, the latter having
perforations situated below said flame-disc as well as above the same, and the
other two caps being connected by a bottom having slits; hooks adapted to take
through said slits and secured to a ring forming a support for said bottom:
vertical rods having said ring attached to them and being adapted to be displaced
in guides; pins fixed to said rods; slotted levers taking over said pins, and a

page_text: shaft holding said levers, the slots of the latter being widened at their ends, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose as described.
Dated this 14th day of October 1897.
ADOLF GRAETZ,
By Cassell & Co.,
22 Glasshouse Street, Regent Street, London,
Agents for the Applicant.