Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Dec., 1894-Accepted, 2nd Feb., 1895
I, WILLIAM FORSTER, of Thorncliffe Ironworks, near Sheffield, in the County
of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to hot water boilers used for heating buildings, and it has
for its object a novel method of construction by which combustion is more
perfectly effected and greater economy obtained than has heretofore ordinarily
been the case.
In order to put my invention in operation I use a saddle boiler, preferably of
wrought iron welded in the manner ordinarily well-known and practised. At the
bottom of the boiler is arranged a firegrate provided with a door in front and
having below an ash-pan with a door of the ordinary kind, and at a sufficient
height above the firegrate I make a transverse horizontal or nearly horizontal
water space the sides of which communicate with the water spaces which form the
sides of the boiler, the said water space however not communicating with the
vertical water space which forms the back of the boiler but leaving a sufficient
opening or space through which the flame and products of combustion from the
fire rise. At a sufficient distance above the transverse water space described,
I arrange a second similar transverse water space the back end of which communi-
cates with the vertical water space forming the back of the boiler, but which does
not reach the front of the boiler, an opening or space being left through which the
flame and products of combustion rising through the opening first described and
passing along between the two water spaces to the front of the boiler can rise.
At a sufficient distance above the upper one of the two horizontal water spaces
described I form a third water space similar to the lower one first described, its
front end reaching to the front of the boiler, whilst its back end does not extend
to the vertical water space forming the back of the boiler, but leaves a space or
opening through which the products of combustion passing back between the
second and third water spaces described rise and again pass forward between the
upper water space and the water space which forms the top of the boiler, and
finally rise through an opening in the front of the latter which communicates with
a chimney. In the front of the boiler a moveable door is fitted through which
access can be bad for cleaning the spaces forming flues between the middle water
space and the lower and upper ones, and another similar door is fitted above in the
upper part of the front of the boiler, for the purpose of cleaning the space or flue
between the upper water space and the top of the boiler.
An essential part of my invention consists in fixing one or more horizontal
tubes in the space between the lower and middle transverse water spaces.
These tubes are open at both ends, their front ends opening through (and being
preferably fixed in) the door by which the corresponding part of the front of the
boiler is closed, as already described, whilst their back ends extend as far as
the back end of the lowest transverse water space. The flame and products of
combustion passing up through the opening or space at the back end of the lowest
water space meet currents of air passing in through the tubes described, and
perfect combustion, absence of smoke, and economy of fuel, are in this way
obtained

page_text: The boiler is provided with suitable connections for the hot water pipes through
which the water is made to circulate, and with dampers and regulators where
necessary, and the front open ends of the air tubes may, if desired, be provided
with regulators or valves.
Dated this 22nd day of March 1894
Improvements in Hot Water Boilers.
I, WILLIAM FORSTER, of Thorncliffe Ironworks, near Sheffield, in the County
of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, and accompanying drawing, that is to say :-
My invention relates to hot water boilers used for heating buildings, and it has
for its object a novel method of construction by which combustion is more
perfectly effected and greater economy obtained than has heretofore ordinarily
been the case.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of my invention, Figure 1 being a
vertical transverse section through a boiler; Figure 2 a longitudinal section ;
Figure 3 an elevation; and Figure 4 a plan.
In order to put my invention in operation I use a saddle boiler a, preferably of
wrought iron welded in the manner ordinarily well-known and practised. At the
bottom of the boiler a is arranged a firegrate 6 provided with a door c in front and
having below an ashpan or space, with a door d of the ordinary kind, and at a
sufficient height above the firegrate b, make a transverse horizontal or nearly
horizontal water space e, the sides of which communicate with the water
spaces f, g, which form the sides of the boiler, the said water space e however
not communicating with the vertical water space h, which forms the back of
the boiler, but leaving a sufficient opening or space i through which the flame
and products of combustion from the fire rise. At a sufficient distance above
the transverse water space e described, I arrange a second similar transverse
water space k the back end of which communicates with the vertical water
space forming the back of the boiler, but which does not reach the front
of the boiler, an opening or space being left, through which the flame and
products of combustion rising through the opening i first described and passing
along between the two water spaces e and k to the front of the boiler, can rise.
At a sufficient distance above the upper one of the two horizontal water spaces,
described I form a third water space m similar to the lower one e first described
its front end reaching to the front of the boiler, whilst its back end does not extend
to the vertical water space h forming the back of the boiler, but leaves a space or
opening n through which the products of combustion passing back between the
second and third water spaces k and m, described rise and again pass forward
between the upper water space m and the water space o which forms the top of the
boiler, and finally rise through an opening p in the front of the latter which
communicates with a chimney. In the front of the boiler a moveable door, is
fitted through which access can be had for cleaning the spaces forming flues
between the middle water space k and the lower and upper ones e and m, and
another similar door s is fitted above in the upper part of the front of the boiler,
for the purpose of cleaning the space or flue between the upper water space m
and the top o of the boiler.
An essential part of my invention consists in fixing one or more horizontal

page_text: tubes t, t, in the space between the lower and middle transverse water spaces e
and k.
These tubes t are open at both ends, their front ends opening through (and being
preferably fixed in) the door r by which the corresponding part of the front of
the boiler is closed, as already described, whilst their back ends extend as far as
the back end of the lowest transverse water space e. The flame and products of
combustion passing up through the opening or space i ai the back end of the lowest
water space e, meet currents of air passing in through the tubes t, t described, and
perfect combustion, absence of smoke, and economy of fuel, are in this way
obtained.
The boiler is provided with suitable connections u and v for the hot water pipes
through which the water is made to circulate, and with dampers and regulators
where necessary, and the front open ends of the air tubes t, t, may, if desired, be
provided with regulators or valves.
The improved boiler is shewn as an independent one, standing upon a cast iron
stand, which carries it and the grated bars. It can also be used as a boiler to be
fixed in masoury setting, thus enabling the outside heating surface of the boiler
to be utilized.
Further, the boiler may be made with a cast iron or other flue on the top, to
enable the chimney to be fixed at the back of the boiler instead of at the front.
I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction and arrangement,
which may be varied more or less to suit different circumstances. For instance,
instead of three transverse water spaces, any other suitable number may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
1. In hot water boilers, the combination with the boiler of the transverse water
spaces leaving openings at each end alternately for the passage of the flame and
products of combustion, substantially as described and illustrated.
2. In combination with the boiler having transverse water spaces as described
and claimed in Claim 1, the air tubes t, arranged and operating substantially as
and for the purpose described and illustrated.
Dated this 20th day of December 1894.
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.