Improvements in and relating to Multitubular Steam Generators.
Year: 1890

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Multitubular Steam Generators.
I, JAMES NOAH PAXMAN, of the Standard Iron Works, Colchester, in the
County of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to a multitubular boiler and it consists in certain improve-
ments whereby I obtain increased efficiency.
My improved boiler is constructed in the following manner;-Enclosed within a
suitable frame lined with fire, or other, bricks are three or more groups of tubes
connected in series by suitable collectors which will hereinafter be more particularly
described. The lowest group of tubes-immediately over the fire-box or furnace
are steaming tubes and they are arranged to slope upwards from the back of the
boiler to the front thereof, the next group are also steaming tubes and are arranged
to slope in the opposite direction, while the third group are steam drying tubes and
are arranged to slope upwards from the back to the front of the boiler. Each group
of tubes may consist of any number of tubes placed in rows parallel with each other
both horizontally and vertically. The lower group of steaming tubes are independent
and removable with free expansion. These tubes are coned at their ends to adapt
them to fit in taper holes in the first series of collectors-situated at the front end
of the boiler-and in similar holes in junction boxes at the rear end thereof. These
These stay
tubes are kept in place by stay tubes running through them.
tubes are open at both ends and act as circulating tubes carrying the water to
the back ends of the steaming tubes, to facilitate which they are provided with
longitudinal openings near their back ends. The first series of collectors are cach
divided into two chambers by a suitable partition. The forward ends of the stay
tubes pass through these partitions and collars formed or screwed thereon bear
against the partitions, when the tubes are drawn up tight by means of nuts on their
other ends. The steaming tubes in each horizontal plane are coupled up at the
rear by junction boxes which are tightened down by suitable bridges, and hose in
each vertical plane at the extreme ends are also coupled by means of vertical
junction boxes in a similar manner. The bottom of each of these vertical junction
boxes is fitted with a blow-off cock and pipe. In generators of large size extra
vertical junction boxes with blow-off cocks may be used to obtain a more effective
and complete blowing off.
The second group of steaming tubes is arranged in a manner similar to the lower
group, but the tubes are simply expanded into holes in the backs of the first series
of collectors and into holes in the front of a second series of collectors at the rear
end of the boiler. This second series of collectors is a double one, being one series
of collectors placed over the other, and each connected by a suitable joint. The
steam drying tubes forming the top group are expanded into holes in the front of
the top part of the second series of collectors and into the back of a third series of
Between
collectors at the front end of the boiler over the first series of collectors.
the first and third series of collectors, i.e.;-between the front ends of the second
and third groups of tubes, is placed a cylindrical receiver, which is in communication

page_text: with the front chambers of the first series of collectors and with the third series of
collectors by means of nipples with suitable coned joints. These nipples may be
fitted at the bottom with small valves adapted to shut automatically if the water in
the receiver should rise and have a tendency to prime.
.
The partitions in the first series of collectors are provided-with suitable holes
opposite to the steaming tubes. Those opposite to the lower group of steaming
tubes are closed by the stay tubes, and those opposite to the second group
of steam tubes are closed by suitable discs fitting into the said holes and capable of
easy removal for the inspection and cleansing of the steaming tubes. It will thus
be seen that communication between the two chambers of this collector can only be
effected through the steaming tubes and the circulating stay tubes.
All the collectors are provided with suitable external openings fitted with any
suitable covers.
Above the top group of tubes is placed a steam collecting tube which is connected
with each of the collectors of the said group by a small pipe. These pipes where
they fit into the collectors are reduced in diameter to regulate the flow of steam and
One end of the steam
get rid of the water which may be carried by the steam.
collecting tube is fitted with a suitable stop valve.
Between each pair of tubes in the top row of each group is placed an angle iron,
or its equivalent, adapted to close the space between the said tubes for about half
their length the said angle irons, or their equivalents, being placed alternately back
and front in each group, so as to break up the gases and products of combustion
from the furnace, in the most effective manner. Between the lower and second
groups of steaming tubes at the rear ends thereof is a partition of plates or bricks
to confine the gases etc., and make them circulate around and through the group
of tubes.
Suitable regulators are fitted on the furnace or smoke box door to regulate the
admission of air to the furnace.
The receiver is lagged with any suitable incombustible material, and is fitted with
all the necessary controlling and feeding apparatus.
Ano of Tune 1890
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
Courts Chambers, 70-72, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Multitubular Steam Generators.
1, JAMES NOAH PAXMAX, of the Standard Iron Works, Colchester, in the
County of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a multitubular boiler, and it consists in certain improve.
ments whereby I obtain increased efficiency.
My improved boiler is constructed in the following manner;-Enclosed within a
suitable frame lined with fire or other bricks, are three or more groups of tubes
connected in series by suitable collectors which will hereafter be more particularly
described. The lowest group of tubes-immediately over the fire-box or furnace-
are steaming tubes and they are arranged to slope upwards from the back of the
boiler to the front thereof, the next group are also steaming tubes and are arranged
to slope in the opposite direction, whilst the third group are steam drying tubes and
are arranged to slope upwards from the back to the front of the boiler. Each group
of tubes may consist of any number of tubes placed in rows parallel with each other
both horizontally and vertically. The lower group of steaming tubes are

page_text: independent and removeable with free expansion. These tubes are coned at their
ends to adapt them to fit in taper holes in the first series of collectors-situated at
the front end of the boiler-and in similar holes in junction boxes at the rear
end thereof. These tubes are kept in place by stay tubes running through them.
These stay tubes are open at both ends and act as circulating tubes carrying
the water to the back ends of the steaming tubes, to facilitate which they are
provided with longitudinal openings near their back ends. The first series of
collectors are each divided into two chambers by a suitable partition. The forward
ends of the stay tubes pass through these partitions and collars formed or screwed
thereon bear against the partitions when the tubes are drawn up tight by means
of nuts on their other ends. The steaming tubes in each horizontal plane are
coupled up at the rear by junction boxes which are tightened down by suitable
bridges, and those in each vertical plane at the extreme ends are also coupled
by means of vertical junction boxes in a similar manner. The bottom of each
of these vertical junction boxes is fitted with a blow-off cock and pipe. In
generators of large size extra vertical junction boxes with blow-off cocks may be
used to obtain a more effective and complete blowing off.
The second group of steaming tubes is arranged in a manner similar to the
lower group but the tubes are simply expanded into holes in the backs of the
first series of collectors, and into holes in the front of a second series of collectors
at the rear end of the boiler. This second series of collectors is a double one,
being one series of collectors placed over the other, and each connected by a
suitable joint. The steam drying tubes forming the top group are expanded into
holes in the front of the top part of the second series of collectors and into the back
of a third series of collectors at the front end of the boiler over the first series
of collectors. Between the first and third series of collectors, ..;-between the
front ends of the second and third groups of tubes is placed a cylindrical
receiver, which is in communication with the front chambers of the first series of
collectors and with the third series of collectors by means of nipples with suitable
coned joints. These nipples may be fitted at the bottom with small valves adapted
to shut automatically if the water in the receiver should rise and have a tendency to
prime.
The partitions in the first series of collectors are provided with suitable holes
opposite to the steaming tubes. Those opposite to the lower group of steaming
tubes are closed by the stay tubes, and those opposite to the second group of steam
tubes are closed by suitable discs fitting into the said holes and capable of easy
removal for the inspection and cleansing of the steaming tubes. It will thus be seen
that communicating between the two chambers of this collector can only be effected
through the steaming tubes and the circulation stay tubes.
All the collectors are provided with suitable external openings fitted with any
suitable covers.
Above the top group of tubes is placed a steam collecting tube which is connected
with each of the collectors of the said group by a small pipe. These pipes where
they fit into the collectors are reduced in diameter to regulate the flow of steam and
get rid of the water which may be carried by the steam.
One end of the steam
collecting tube is fitted with a suitable stop valve.
Between each pair of tubes in the top row of each group is placed an angle iron,
or its equivalent, adapted to close the space between the said tubes for about half
their length the said angle irons, or their equivalent being placed alternately back
and front in each group, so as to break up the gases and products of combustion
from the furnace, in the most effective manner. Between the lower and second
groups of steaming tubes at the rear ends thereof is a partition of plates or bricks to
confine the gasses etc. and make them circulate around and through the groups
of tubes.
.
Suitable regulators are fitted on the furnace or snoke box to regulate the
admission of air to the furnace.

page_text: The receiver is lagged with any suitable incombustible material, and is fitted with
all the necessary controlling and feeding apparatus.
In order that my invention may be fully understood I will more particularly
describe it making reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1
Sheet No. 1 is a view in sectional side elevation of a multitubular boiler embodying
my improvements. Figure 2 Sheet No. 1 is a view in elevation of the front end
of the said boiler, and Figure 3 Sheet No. 2 is a view in elevation of the back end
of the said boiler.
Throughout the several views similar parts are marked with like letters of
reference.
In the
In my improved multitubular boiler I use three or more groups of tubes.
boiler illustrated in the accompanying drawings three groups of tubes are used, the
said groups being marked A. B. and C respectively. Each group may consist of
any desired number of elements. In the boiler illustrated by the accompanying
drawings there are 24 tubes in each group arranged in three rows, having four
elements of two tubes each.
The lower group of tubes A are steaming tubes, each independent and removeable
and having free expansion. The intermediate group of tubes B are simple steaming
tubes and the upper group of tubes C are steam drying tubes.
The tubes of the group A are turned conically at both ends, the forward ends of
the said tubes fitting into collectors D, D, etc. at the front end of the boiler, and
into junction boxes at the rear end thereof, and they are kept in position by stay
tubes E, E, etc. which are also circulating tubes open at both ends and having
longitudinal opening or slots e. e etc. near their back ends.
The steaming tubes A are connected at the back of the boiler in pairs by
longitudinal junction boxes, 3, etc. forming eight elements, and the adjacent
tubes of each element are in communication with each other by biconical joint
boxes b', b, etc. the said boxes being tightened down by a suitable bridge
on which is tightened a nut adapted to screw on a stud on each of the boxes,
12, 1³, etc.
The group of boxes, and and the group boxes ^, 68 and 12 are connected
by vertical boxes and 6, the said boxes having suitable biconical joints and are
each fitted with a suitable blow off cocks and pipes.
If each group of tubes consists of more than eight elements some of the horizontal
boxes etc. or replaced by treble vertical boxes such as 6 and *.
The collectors D, D, etc. are cach divided into two chambers and d², the
former being the front ones-are in direct communication with the bottom of the
steam receiver F by nipples with conical joints tightened by nuts similar to those
used on the stay tubes."
The back compartments d² communicate with the front ones d' only through the
steaming tubes A and the circulating tubes E, suitable openings being formed in
the partitions between the two chambers d' and 2 for the forward ends of the
circulating tubes. Suitable openings are also made in the partition between the two
chambers and 2 opposite to each of the steaming tubes of the group B, the said
openings being closed by discs D*, D*, et. each having an arm d*, adapted to bear
against the outer wall of the chamber d', and lugs ** adapted to bear against the
face of the partition between the two chambers, so that they are easily removed,
cannot become displaced, and allow the easy inspection and cleaning of all the
steaming tubes.
Under the collectors D are placed wedges d which are adapted to support them,
and which on being displaced allow of the removal of the collectors.
The steaming tubes B are expanded at both ends on the back faces of the
collectors D, Dete. 'and on the front faces of collectors D', D', etc. at the rear end of
the boiler.
The steam drying tubes C are also similarly fitted to the collectors D2, D2, etc.
at the rear end of the boiler, and to the collectors D³, D³, etc. at the front end thereof.

page_text: The two groups of collectors D', D', etc. and D2, D3, etc. are alike and are connected
by suitable joints easily removable.
The collectors D³, D³, etc. communicate with the top of the steam receiver F, by
suitable nipples with conical joints as already described for the collectors D', D', etc.
In some cases these nipples can be fitted at the bottom with small valves adapted
to shut automatically if on account of a sudden a considerable consumption of steam,.
the water in the receiver should rise and have a tendency to prinie.
All the groups of collectors D, D1, D2, and D³ have external openings adapted to
be closed by covers tightened by any of the well known devices.
The steam collecting tube G placed above the group of tubes C and slightly to
the rear of the collectors D³, D³, etc., receives the steam formed in each collector
through small pipes g,, etc. fitted on the top of collectors D2 D³ etc. These
pipes are of a small diameter and their ends fitted into the collectors are reduced to.
a minimum in order to regulate the flow of steam in each element, and get rid of the
water which might be carried by steam. At one of the ends of the steam collecting
tube G is fitted the stop valve H.
Each of the group of tubes A, B and C is partly covered by angle irons J. J etc.
JJ and Jetc. adapted to lie on the top row of tubes, and arranged as shown
in the accompanying drawing so as to direct the passage of the gases or production
of combustion, and force them to escape along the heating surfaces in the most
efficient manner.
A partition K of plates or bricks, is made between the rear ends of the groups A
and B, and with the boxes 123 etc., and the collectors D' and D' forms a wall
which cannot be transversed by the gases or products of combustion, which are
therefore constrained to the direction shown by the arrows in the accompanying
drawings.
Suitable regulators are fitted on the front door, to admit the necessary quantity
of air for assuring a perfect and smokeless combustion.
The cylindrical receiver F placed between the series of collectors D and D³ has
conical openings for receiving the taper nipples of these collectors, and is fitted with
the necessary openings for making these joints and cleaning it. This receiver is.
fitted also with all the necessary controlling and feeding apparatus. This receiver
is not exposed to the action of the flames, being protected by an incombustible
lagging and by the angle irons J, J, etc. which carry the flames away from its
frame.
The receiver may if desired be made in several parts to facilitate carriage or
transport.
The frame of the boiler may be of any suitable shape, size, or arrangement
according to the nature of the application of the boiler.
Those parts to which no specific reference has been made, or which are not.
illustrated by the accompanying drawings, present no novel features and may
therefore be of the usual type and construction.
I wish it to be particularly understood that I do not limit myself to the precise
details of construction hereinbefore described and shown by the accompanying
drawings, by hold myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly
fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what [
claim is
1st. In the construction of tubular boilers, the arrangement of the tubes disposed
in three groups inclined in opposed directions in the horizontal plane, and connected
and working as and for the purpose herein described, and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
2nd. In the construction of tubular boilers, the arrangement of the three groups
of tubes A, B and C, the bottom group A being formed of independent and

page_text: removable tubes with enclosed stay tubes, and the groups B and C being formed
each of several tubes, as herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
3rd. In the construction of tubular boilers, the use of stay tubes open at both
ends and fitted with longitudinal openings in order to facilitate the circulation and
assure a complete blow off of the elements, as herein described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
4th. In the construction of tubular boilers having groups of tubes inclined in
opposed directions, the arrangement of the steam reservoir under the group of steam
drying tubes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5th. In the construction of tubular boilers the double collectors D1, D2, which can
be parted and on which are expanded the tubes of the groups of tubes B and C, as
set forth.
6th. In the construction of tubular boilers, the arrangement of the junction boxes
of the group A of tubes, allowing the complete blowing off of the boiler, as set
forth.
7th. In the construction of tubular boilers, the method of closing the openings in
the partition between the two chambers and 2 by means of discs, as herein set
forth and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Sth. The improved multitubular boiler constructed, arranged, and operating as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
اليد
FOL
ky
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E., ETC.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.