Improvements relating to the Grinding and Polishing of Metallic Rollers or Cylinders for Use in the Manufacture of Paper and for other Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1887
Complete Left, 1st Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1888
Improvements relating to the Grinding and Polishing of Metallic
Rollers or Cylinders for Use in the Manufacture of Paper and
for other Purposes.
We, IGNAZ GALLOWITSCH, of 25 Spengergasse, Vienna, Austria, and WILLIAM
SEEL, of 5 Mazowiecka Warsaw, Empire of Russia, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention comprises an improved process of grinding and polishing metallic
rollers or cylinders having straight, convex or concave surfaces for use in paper mills
and for other purposes.
According to our said invention the cylinders are rotated in their frames in the
same direction and in contact with each other but at different circumferential velocities
by means of appropriate mechanism, emery and oil or other material suitable for
grinding or polishing being applied thereto.
Our invention may be applied to any ordinary rolling mill having two cylinders to
which the aforesaid mechanism is adapted. The latter comprises in this case a shaft carry-
ing two pulleys of different diameters one at each end and two other pulleys of equal
diameter, keyed upon the ends of the opposite journals of the cylinders, the one being
secured to the right hand top journal while the other is fixed on the left hand bottom
journal or vice versa. The said shaft is supported in suitable bearings mounted upon
pieces of wood fastened to the two frames by bolts. The pulley on the journal
of the bottom roller is connected with one of the pulleys on the shaft while the pulley
on the journal of the top roller is connected with the other pulley on said shaft by
means of belts. Now, if under these conditions the bottom cylinder is set in rotation
by its ordinary driving mechanism its rotation will be transmitted to the pulley fixed
thereto and consequently to the shaft and the latter through the medium of the second
pulley turns the top cylinder by means of pulleys, the direction of the rotation of two
cylinders being the same, whilst their circumferential velocity is different.
The mode of imparting the desired motion to the cylinders can however be changed.
If there is for example near the roller a suitable transmitting shaft, two pulleys for driving
the pulleys attached to the rollers can be mounted thereon. Or upon the frames are

page_text: arranged pinions which communicate the motion of one cylinder to the other, a shaft
carrying a toothed wheel being arranged to gear with the driving pinion and with
pinions of different diameters on the roller shaft thus dispensing with the reciprocal
gearing of the latter by a displacement towards the top of the bearings for the shaft
of the upper pinion. The changing of one pinion, can be obviated but, considering
that the two cylinders would then move with the same velocity, it is necessary in this case
from time to time to turn one cylinder a little relatively to the other, in order that the
lines of contact of the cylinders shall be changed.
When it is desired to equalize the cylinders in such a manner as to give a perfectly
cylindrical surface, care must be taken that their axes shall be parallel during the
operation described. It may however happen that surfaces are required which are
either a little bulged or concaved in the axial direction. In the former case one end
is first lifted and then the other of one of the cylinders by placing a key below one of
its bearings. In the second case the cylinders are adjusted so that their axes cross
each other in the horizontal projection. This is obtained in the simplest manner by
curved strips of copper inserted at the opposite sides between the journals of one
cylinder and their bearings, these strips being bent at their ends so as not to be
carried away by the journals.
Dated this 15th day of June 1887.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements relating to the Grinding and Polishing of Metallic
Rollers or Cylinders for Use in the Manufacture of Paper and
for other Purposes.
We, IGNAZ GALLOWITSCH of 25 Spengergasse, Vienna, Austria, and WILLIAM
SEEL, of 5 Mazowiecka, Warsaw, Empire of Russia, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to the grinding and polishing of metallic rollers or cylinders
having an even, i.e. ungrooved, surface, such as are used in rolling-mills for the
manufacture of metal plates, in paper-mills, and for other purposes, and it consists in
an improved process for grinding and polishing such rollers or cylinders either truly
cylindrical, or convex, or concave in their longitudinal direction.
According to our said invention the rollers are put in rotation in their frames in the
same direction, but with different circumferential velocities, by means of appropriate
mechanism, they are brought in contact together, and emery with oil, or other
material suitable for grinding or polishing, is applied thereto. If the rollers are to
become truly cylindrical, they are arranged with their axes parallel to each other; if
a convex or bulged form is required, the axes have to be inclined to each other in the
same plane, first one way and then the other, and if they are to be ground concave,
one roller is adjusted in an oblique or skew position, i.e. so that the two axes will
intersect one another in their projection upon the plane of contact of the rollers.
On the annexed sheet of drawings is represented a plate-rolling-mill having two
rollers a a' of equal diameter, and provided with a mechanism for rotating the latter
in the manner stated. Fig. 1 is a front elevation thereof and Fig. 2 an end-view.
The said mechanism consists in a shaft c, carrying two pulleys d and d¹ of different
diameters, one at each end, and in two pulleys and fof equal diameter keyed upon
the ends of the opposite journals of the rollers, the one, f, being secured to the left-
hand bottom journal, while the other, f, is fixed to the right hand top journal (in
Fig. 1 the pulley is hidden behind the pulley d¹), or vice-versa. The shaft c is
suppprted in the hearings g mounted upon pieces of wood h, which are fastened to the
two frames by bolts. The pulley f is connected with the pulley d by the belt i, and
the pulley f with the pulley d by the belt k. Now, if under these conditions the
roller a is set in rotation by its ordinary driving-mechanism, a portion 1 whereof is
shown in Fig. 1, its rotation will be transmitted by the pulleys and d and the belt i
to the shaft c, which in its turn causes the roller a¹ to rotate through the medium of
the pulleys d and fl and the belt k, the direction of rotation of both rollers being
the same, whilst their circumferential velocity is different.
If there is near the rollers a suitable line of shafting, the two pulleys d and d' may
be mounted thereon instead of being keyed on the shaft ce, and both rollers may be
driven from the said line. Another mode of causing the rollers to operate as required,
consists in utilizing the wheel-gear by which, during the ordinary working of the

page_text: mill, motion is conveyed from one roller to the other. For this purpose one of the
pinions belonging to the said gear is exchanged for another one of different diameter,
the latter is brought far enough apart from the other pinion, so as not to gear
therewith, by raising the bearings of the shaft of the upper pinion, and on the side of
the frames in which the pinions rotate, is mounted a shaft carrying a toothed wheel
that gears with both pinions. The exchange of one pinion may, however, be dispensed
with, provided that, as the rollers will then move with the same velocity, one roller be
turned a little from time to time relatively to the other one, in order to change their
lines of contact.
Instead of making use of the ordinary driving gear for the required transmission
of motion from one roller to the other, special pinions keyed on the ends of the
roller-journals and running clear of each other, may be employed in combination with
a toothed wheel gearing with both pinions; but in this manner the object in view is
not attained as advantageously. Moreover, the rollers may be connected together by
chain-gear. The particular construction of the mechanism for conveying motion from
one roller to the other does not, however, in itself form any part of our invention and
may be varied in any suitable manner.
In case it is desired to impart to the rollers by the grinding process a somewhat
convex or bulged form, the upper roller is raised a little, first at one end and
subsequently at the other, by placing a piece of metal of suitable thickness under one
of its bearings. The angular portion which, under these conditions, is produced by
the grinding operation in the middle of the rollers, is finally removed by causing these
to run upon each other for some time with their axes in parallel position.
If, for obtaining concave surfaces, one roller has to be placed obliquely or askew to
the other one, this is attained in the simplest manner by means of curved strips of
copper inserted at the opposite sides between the journals of one roller and their
bearings, these strips being bent at their ends so that they may not be carried around
by the journals.
After the rollers have been adjusted as required and put in motion, emery or other
grinding powder of suitable grain, mixed with a liquid, for instance with oil, is
applied to them and uniformly distributed, and the rollers are kept in contact together
with the necessary pressure, which with heavy rollers is obtained in sufficient measure
by the weight of the upper one. Subsequent to the grinding the rollers are or may
be polished by means of polishing powder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :
The process of grinding and polishing metallic rollers either truly cylindrical, or in
bulged or hollow form, which consists in putting the rollers in rotation in their frames in
the same direction, but with different circumferential speed, and in applying thereto
a grinding or polishing material, the rollers being adjusted with their axes either in
parallel position, or at an angle in the saine plane, or obliquely (askew) to each other,
substantially as herein before described.
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