Improvements in and relating to Machines for Compressing Coal- dust and the like Mixture into Fuel-cakes.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Machines for Compressing Coal-
dust and the like Mixture into Fuel-cakes.
I, JULES CHAGOT, Engineer of Montceau-les-Mines, Seine and Loire, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention enables me to double the production without increasing the size
of the articles produced, by forming two cakes simultaneously, each of which
receives independently the amount of pressure deemed necessary irrespective of the
quantity of material introduced into the two moulds.
My system applied to an agglomerating press comprises:
A double stroke of two beams between which moves the platform carrying the
moulds.
The two lower beams rest with their foot on the forepart of the frame; the head
of each of them receives two vertical cheeks having on top of them a hydraulic
pressing pot.
The two upper beams have as their common joint, on their front foot, a cross
beam worked by two connecting rods.
Each of their heads bears a piston, moving in the hydraulic press-pot which
corresponds to it, carried by the two cheeks.
Four joints, or articulations bear the four pistons facing in pairs, between which
the compression is effected.
Two joints, or articulations, bear the pistons for lifting out of the mould
The cross-beam and consequently the foot of the two upper beams rise and fall
with uniform action. The lower pistons are almost always in the same position
but it is otherwise with the two upper pistons; the latter begin by descending
together, the beam heads resting on the cheeks where the joint, or articulation, is
made.
The two upper pistons arrive simultaneously on the mixture; at the same
moment, the water filling the press pot resists the rising of the head, and the
mixture begins to be compressed.
If the quantity of the mixture were the same in the two moulds, the pressure
limit provided for by the loading of two valves would be simultaneously reached
and the pistons, stopping at the same time, to become fixed points, would give two
identical bricks or cakes.
But, practically, that never happens; one of the moulds always receives a greater
quantity of the mixture than the other, and the corresponding stamping piston is
topped the first, whilst its hydraulic piston plunges into its press pot, driving the
water out of it by the safety valve.
During this time, the stamping, or pressing, piston of the mould, which contains
the least, continues to descend until the pressure limit is reached.
The two bricks or cakes, although acted upon by the same cross-beam and
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page_text: compressed at the same time, may have different thicknesses-one may be
155 millimetres whilst the other may be ouly 100 millimetres thick, but they will
both have the same density and the same degree of cohesion, having been submitted
to the same pressure.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1895.
les mines, (andre), France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My agglomerating press is represented in the drawings hereto annexed.
Fig. 1 is a plan view.
Fig. 2 an elevation.
Fig. 3 a transverse section.
Fig. 4 a vertical section through the cheeks C,
Fig. 5 a horizontal section through the head of the lower beams; and
Fig. 6 an enlarged view of the drum P.
These drawings show the arrangement of which I claim the ownership, an
arrangement which enables me to double the production without increasing the
size of the articles produced, by forming two cakes simultaneously, each of which
receives independently the amount of pressure deemed necessary, irrespective of
the quantity of material introduced into the two moulds.
Our system applied to an agglomerating press comprises
:-
A double stroke of two beams between which moves the platform carrying the
moulds.
The two lower beams (A, A') rest with their foot on the fore part of the frame
to which they are held by a rod d, jointed at one end to the frame and at the
other to the beam. The head of each lower beam carrios two lateral extensions 1, 2,
cast along with it and turned. These extensions revolve around the axle e which
rests on the frame. The collars 3 of the cheeks C engage on these extensions with
an intermediate hard brass ring 4 and can oscillate upon them.
The axle e is maintained on the frame by means of a buffer device f, the rod g
of which passes freely through the axle and is fixed in the foot of the frame by a
rod g. The spring /' of the buffer rests on the part f" of the beam.
1
The cheeks C carry at their upper part a hydraulic press cylinder G in which a
piston g¹ works, jointed at / to the head of the upper beams B, B¹. These latter
rest, by means of the axle h, with their head in a trunnion bracket secured in the
cheeks C. At the points a & b, the beams: carry a jointed piston k, the end of
which is of the same shape as the moulds in which they move and this piston
carries a plate with the design that is to be imprinted ou the fuel cakes.
These pistons are placed, opposite each other, two and two, and simultaneously.
effect the compression in two adjoining moulds of the mould platform.
At the point m the upper beams carry a second piston 1, the end of which is
also of the shape of the mould and which is intended to remove the fuel-cakes by
pushing then through the mould and through a corresponding opening in the fixed
plate of the mould platform.

page_text: At the opposite end of the same diameter of this plate are also two openings to
allow the lower pistons k to pass through.
The two upper beams B, B¹ have as a common joint, a cross-beam t, on their front
or forward foot, this cross-beam being actuated by two connecting-rods n, excen-
trically joined to two wheels o, o' keyed on the end of the shafts p, p' and turning
in contrary directions, by means of the toothed wheels 7, 7'. The wheel 71 engages
with the wheel r, keyed on the shaft r which is the driving or main shaft, and
which actuates the bevel wheel. The latter actuates a bevel wheel v, which
carries a right wheel ' engaging with the wheel w, which works the axle carrying
the pallets a of the distributor y.
This distributor is composed of a cylindrical case partly covering the mould
platform and the bottom of which has a hole in that part which covers the mould,
in such a manner that two of the latter and also a part of the preceding and the
following one are visible through the bottom of the distributor.
The pallets a, by their circular movement, load the moulds in the order of their
presentation by the rotatory movement of the platform. The loaded moulds pass
between the compressing pistons, and then continue their progress as far as the
removing pistons, to return afterwards to the distributor.
The hydraulic-press cylinder G is divided into two compartments by a
partition H.
The lower compartment is entirely filled with water. In the partition are
pierced two openings each of which is provided with a valve piston maintained by
a spiral spring. The piston S has its valves pressed against the upper face of the
partition while the piston S' has its valve s¹ pressed against the lower face of the
partition.
The top wall of the cylinder is provided with an opening S" to prevent the
breaking of the cylinder.
The mould platform is composed of a fixed central ring, J, on the lower face
of which is secured a plate of sheet-iron, K, and resting on the central part of the
frame.
Around the fixed ring a moveable ring, L, is disposed in which the moulds, M,
are arranged in a circle. The moulds are of suitable shape without either bottom
nor top.
On the periphery of the lower face of the moveable ring, rolls, N, of conical
shape are secured, turning on a vertical axis and provided inwardly with a little
piston N¹.
These little rolls N actuate the moveable ring L by means of a drum P keyed
on the shaft p.
The drum is provided with a groove, R starting from one of the edges of its
curved surface to terminate in the opposite edge, after having traversed about
three quarters of its curved surface perpendicularly to the axis.
The little piston N' serves to lubricate the little rolls N, during the passage of
the latter in the groove of the drum, driving in, by means of channels N³, a small
quantity of oil, which is present above the said pistons, between the vertical
axis and the inside surface of the rolls, just as is usual in ordinary lubricating.
devices.
The cross-beam t and consequently the foot of the two beams B, B¹ rise and.
fall with uniform action. The lower pistons k are almost always in the same
position, but it is otherwise with the two upper pistons k, the latter begin by
descending together, the beam heads resting on the cheeks where the joint, or
articulation, is made.
The two upper pistons k arrive simultaneously on the mixture; at the same
moment, the water filling the lower compartment of the bydraulic press cylinder
'

page_text: resists the rising of the head of the upper beams B, B1 and the mixture begins to
be compressed.
If the quantity of the mixture were the same in the two moulds, the pressure
limit provided for by the loading of the valves s, s' of the hydraulic press cylinder,
would be simultaneously reached and the pistons, stopping at the same time, to
become fixed points, would give two identical bricks or cakes.
But, practically, that never happens; one of the moulds always receives a greater
quantity of the mixture than the other, and the corresponding stamping piston is
stopped the first, whilst its hydraulic piston plunges into its cylinder, driving
the water out of the lower compartment of the cylinder into the upper one by the
valve s.
When the hydraulic piston descends the water flows from the upper compartment
into the lower one by the valve s¹.
During this time, the stamping, or pressing, piston of the mould which contains
the least, continues to descend until the pressure limit is reached.
The two bricks or cakes although acted upon by the same cross-beam and
compressed at the same time, may have different thicknesses, one may be
135 millimeters, whilst the other may be only 100 millimeters thick, but they will
both have the same density and the same degree of cohesion having been submitted
to the same pressure.
The complete working of the beams includes 2 periods.
The first period is that in which only the upper beams are in motion. They
start from their maximum inclination corresponding to the upper dead points of
the crank plates or wheels o, o¹. At this moment, the upper beams rest with their
head upon the cheeks; the forcing pistons are all outside of the moulds of the
platform which then operates the rotation. The two lower beams, jointed at d
rest on the feet of the frame. Two rods g fixed to the frame pass loosely through
the axles e of the lower beams and carry two strong springs by means of which the
ascending stroke of the lower beams is regulated.
The upper beams commence their descending stroke without resistance until the
compressing piston meet the mixture that is to be compressed; they_push this
substance and press it against the lower and motionless pistons. The water
contained in each cylinder G prevents the head of the upper beams from rising :
the latter operate then as levers of the second kind.
As soon as the resistance of the substance reaches pressure limit the safety
valve of the cylinder G operates and the upper beamis become levers of the
first kind.
The second period is that in which the lower beams come into action.
As soon as the safety-valves operate, the cake under compression becomes a
fulcrum, the feet of the upper beams continue to descend, the hydraulic piston
ascends, maintaining the same pressure on the two corresponding cheeks.
head of each lower beam is then drawn up.
The
These beams then act as levers of the second kind and the lower pistons will
rise until the friction of the cake in the mould added to the resistance caused by
the buffer device, restores the equilibrium. This lower movement constitutes the
double compression.
The line of direction, taken by the groove in the drum, is such that the mould
plate turns for a quarter of the revolution of the drum and is motionless during the
three quarters of the revolution.
It is during this latter period that the pressure of 2 cakes as well as the lifting
of two others is effected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
An agglomerating press, characterised by a double stroke of two beams, between