GLAZING AND ENAMELLING CAST IRON HOLLOW WARE AND OTHER METALLIC SUBSTANCES
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
CLARK and CHARLES CLARK, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford,
Ironfounders and Copartners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, Her especial licence, that we, the said
Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, our exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, our exors, admors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all Her said Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, our Invention for "GLAZING AND ENAMELLING
CAST IRON HOLLOW WARE AND OTHER METALLIC SUBSTANCES;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging us, or one of us, the said
Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, by an instrument in writing under our
or one of our bands and seals, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High

page_text: Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, do hereby describe the nature of our said
Invention to consist in so cleaning and preparing the surface of the inside of
the cast-iron surface to be enamelled, that when the proper enamelling mate-
rial is placed upon it and exposed to a proper heat, the enamel will remain
attached to the metal and become properly glazed, so as to withstand the
ordinary heat to which saucepans and other the like ware are exposed, without
cracking or coming off.
And in further compliance with the said proviso, we, the said Thomas
Clark and Charles Clark, do hereby describe the manner in which our said
Invention is to be performed, by the following statement thereof, with reference
to vessels such as cast-iron saucepans, that is to say:
PREPARATION OF THE VESSELS.
Before the application of the enamel, the vessel of cast iron must be well
cleaned in the following manner:-Mix with sixteen or twenty gallons of
water as much sulphuric acid as will render the water sensibly acid to the
taste; put the vessel in and let it remain three hours, or even more; then
take it out and scour it with sand, wash it twice in clear spring water, and,
lastly, imnierse it for five minutes in boiling water; take it out and wipe it
perfectly dry, and it is then fit for the application of the enamel, which is
composed of two coatings, first, a composition for the body, and secondly, a
composition for the glaze. The first composition is made as follows:-One
hundred pounds of flint, calcined and ground fine, added to fifty pounds of
borax, ground fine; also calcine these together till they are perfectly fused;
let them cool, and then take forty pounds of the above and five pounds of
potters' clay, and grind them in water together, and bring them to such a
consistence as when the vessel is washed with it that a coating of about one-
sixteenth of an inch is left in it, forming the first coating or body to support
the glaze. Let this set, which it will do sufficiently in from five to ten minutes
if kept in a warm room. And then the following or second composition must
be very evenly sifted over it whilst it is yet moist:-One hundred and twenty-
five pounds of white glass (made without lead), twenty-five pounds of borax,
twenty pounds of soda. These must be pounded fine together, and then
perfectly vitrified in a crucible, then cooled and ground very fine in water, and
afterwards dried; then take thereof forty-five pounds, and one pound of soda,

page_text: mix them together well in hot water, stirring them well, then dry them in a
stove, and a fine powder will be produced. When this powder has been very
evenly sifted over the first composition, the vessel must be put in a stove at a
temperature of two hundred and twelve degrees of Fahrenheit, to dry it, after
which the composition is fixed by placing the vessel in a kiln or moufle, such
as the china manufacturers use for firing enamel colors. The kiln is brought
to a sufficient heat to fuse the glaze. The vessel must then be first heated
gradually at the mouth of the kiln, and then put in the full heat till the glaze
is fused; it is then taken out to cool gradually.
Now whereas we claim as our Invention the enamelling and glazing of
cast iron, as herein-before described, so as to enable vessels so enamelled
to bear the heat to which saucepans and such like cooking vessels are
ordinarily subjected, without cracking or splitting off; and such our
Invention being to the best of our knowledge and belief entirely new,
and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her said Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon Tweed, nor in any of Her said Majesty's
Colonies or Plantations abroad, we do hereby declare this to be our Speci-
fication of the same, and that we do verily believe this our said Specifica-
tion doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with
the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained;
wherefore we do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to our
said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-nine
THOMAS (L.S.) CLARK.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1839, the aforesaid Thomas Clark came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifica-
tion aforesaid, and all and everything therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.

page_text: In the Matter of Letters Patent granted to Thomas Clark and.
Charles Clark, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Iron
Founders and Copartners, for an Invention for "GLAZING AND
ENAMELLING CAST IRON HOLLOW WARE AND OTHER METALLIC SUB-
STANCES," bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of
May, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.
DISCLAIMER entered by the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, pursuant
to the provisions of an Act passed in the fifth and sixth years of the
reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, intituled "An
Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for Inventions."
We, the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, do hereby declare that
since the granting of the said Letters Patent, and the inrollment of the
Specification thereof, we have been advised that it is doubtful whether the
said Invention is applicable to other metallic substances than cast iron, and
for this reason we, the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, do hereby
disclaim the words "and other metallic substances" in the said title of the.
said Patent.
In witness whereof. we have hereunto set our hands, this Tenth day
This is to certify, that Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, of Wolver
hampton, in the County of Stafford, Iron Founders and Copartners, have
applied to me for leave to enter with you the Disclaimer written on the other
side hereof, of part of the title of a certain Invention for which Letters
Patent were duly granted to them under the Great Seal, dated the 25th day
of May 1839; and the Specification was duly enrolled. After considering

page_text: the said application, I accordingly hereby grant leave to the said Thomas
Clark and Charles Clark to file their said Disclaimer, pursuant to the Statute
passed in the Sixth year of the reign of His late Majesty entitled "An Act
to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for Inventions."
Dated this Twentieth day of March One thousand eight hundred and
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of April, in the year
of our Lord 1840, the aforesaid Thomas Clark and Charles Clark came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Disclaimer aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and spe-
cified, in form above written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of April, in the year
of our Lord 1840, the aforesaid Thomas Clark and Charles Clark came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the.
Disclaimer aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and spe-
cified, in form above written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Fourth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty.

page_text: MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION in the Specification of the said Letters
Patent, and a further Disclaimer.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wе, TпомAS
CLARK and CHARLES CLARK, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford,
Ironfounders and Copartners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, Her especial licence that we, the said
Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, our exors, admors, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, our exors, admors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad, our Invention for "GLAZING AND ENAMELLING CAST-IRON
HOLLOW WARE AND OTHER METALLIC SUBSTANCES:"
And whereas we, the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, in pursuance
of a proviso in the said in part recited Letters Patent contained, did cause a
particular description of the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery on the
Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-nine:
And whereas we, the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, being desirous,
in pursuance of the Statute in such case made and provided, to enter a

page_text: Disclaimer of part of the title of the said Invention, did afterwards on the
Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
forty, enter with the Clerk of the Patents of England, having first obtained
leave of Her Majesty's then Attorney-General, certified by his fiat and signa-
ture, a Disclaimer of the said part of the title of the said Invention (that is to
say) a Disclamer of the words therein "and other metallic substances," not
being such Disclaimer as should or would extend the exclusive right granted
by the said Letters Patent :
And whereas we, the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, are desirous,
for good and sufficient reasons herein-after mentioned, to enter a memorandum
of a certain alteration in the Specification of the said Letters Patent as herein-
after mentioned, and to enter a further Disclaimer in respect of the said Letters
Patent and the Specification thereof, (that is to say,) a Disclaimer of the part
of the said Specification herein-after mentioned, and have obtained leave of
Her Majesty's Solicitor-General, certified by his fiat and signature, according
to the form of the Statute in such case made and provided:
KNOW YE, THEREFORE, that we, the said Thomas Clark and Charles
Clark, do hereby enter the following Memorandum of Alteration in the said
Specification (that is to say):-We alter the said Specification by substituting
for the words "we, the said Thomas Clarke and Charles Clarke, do
"hereby describe the nature of our said Invention to consist in so cleaning
"and preparing the surface of the inside of the cast-iron surface to be
"enamelled, that when the proper enamelling material is placed upon it and
"exposed to a proper heat, the enamel will remain attached to the metal and
"become properly glazed, so as to withstand the ordinary heat to which
"
GC
66
saucepans and other the like ware are exposed without cracking or coming
off; and in further compliance with the said proviso, we, the said Thomas
"Clark and Charles Clark, do hereby describe the manner in which our said
"Invention is to be performed by the following statement thereof, with refer-
ence to vessels, such as cast-iron saucepans (that is to say) :-Preparation
"of the vessels. Before the application of the enamel the vessel of cast iron
must be well cleaned in the following manner," the words following:-" we,
the said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, do hereby describe the nature of
"the said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, by
"the following statement thereof, with reference to vessels such as cast-iron
saucepans, which when glazed and enamelled according to our Invention
"will withstand the ordinary heat to which saucepans and other the like ware
are exposed without cracking or coming off, (that is to say,) before the
66
66
"

page_text: "application of the enamel the vessel of cast iron must be well cleaned, which
cleaning may be in the following manner, which manner, however, is not
"claimed as a new one or as the only mode."
And also we hereby disclaim in the said Specification the part thereof
claiming or appearing to claim the manner of cleaning therein mentioned as
a new Invention, for or in respect whereof the said Letters Patent were
granted to us either wholly or partially, (that is to say,) we disclaim the words
"before the application of the enamel the vessel of cast iron must be well
"cleaned in the following manner." And we, the said Thomas Clark and
Charles Clark, do also hereby declare that our reasons for making and entering
the said Memorandum of Alteration and Disclaimer are as follows, (that is to
say,) that the said Specification is or may be thought to be indistinctly
expressed, whereby we may be thought or taken to claim the manner or mode
of cleaning or preparing vessels therein mentioned as a new Invention, and as
part of the Invention for or in respect whereof the said Letters Patent were
granted to us, whereas such was not our intention or desire. And we, the
said Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, do hereby further declare that the
alteration, whereof the above is a memorandum, and the said Disclaimer, are
not nor is either of them such Alteration or Disclaimer as will extend the
exclusive right granted by the said Letters Patent.
.
In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands, this Sixth day of
November; in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
forty-four.
Signed by the within-named Thomas Clark and
Charles Clark, in the presence of
THO. BOLTON, Solicitor, Wolverhampton.
To the Clerk of the Patents of England.
CHARLES CLARK.
This is to certify, that Thomas Clark & Charles Clark, of Wolver-
hampton, in the County of Stafford, Iron Founders & Copartners, have
applied to me for leave to enter with you the Alteration & Disclaimer written
on the other side bereof, of part of the Specification of a certain Invention for
which Letters Patent were duly granted to them under the Great Seal, dated
the 25th day of May, 1839, & the Specification was duly enrolled. After
considering the said application, I accordingly hereby grant leave to the said
Thomas Clark & Charles Clark, to file their said Alteration & Disclaimer,

page_text: pursuant to the Statute passed in the 5th & 6th years of the reign of His
late Majesty King William the Fourth, intituled "An Act to amend the Law
touching Letters Patent for Inventions."
Dated the 18th day of November 1844.
FRED. THESIGER.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid Thomas Clark and Charles Clark, came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Disclaimer aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped ac-
cording to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twentieth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.