Improvements in Machinery for Dyeing, Sizeing, Finishing or similarly treating Yarn or the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Dyeing, Sizeing, Finishing or
similarly treating Yarn or the like.
We, JOSEPH DEAN, Draughtsman, JOHN WILLIAM KNOWLES, and HERBERT
BARKER, Machine Makers, all of Globe Foundry, Manningham, near Bradford,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in machinery for dyeing, sizeing,
finishing or similarly treating yarn or the like, and relates more particularly to
machines used in connection with mercerising yarn. Hitherto the top and bottom
rollers upon which the hanks of yarn or the like are placed for the purpose of
passing them through the liquor during the process of mercerising, have been
moved towards or away from each other in order to decrease or increase the dis-
tance between them for the purpose of putting tension on the yarn, by means of
one or more rotating screws or similar appliances. Such method is objectionable
as the tension cannot be regulated to any degree of nicety, and further the hanks
of yarn or the like on the various rollers do not all receive the same amount of
tensile strain.
The object of our invention is to obviate these defects, and consists in supporting
the top rollers by a suitable frame, secured to one or more rams working in a
cylinder or cylinders, operated by hydraulic pressure supplied by a pump or in any
convenient manner, whereby the amount of tensile strain to be put upon the
yarn and the desired length to which the yarn is to be stretched may be regulated
to any degree and the apparatus arranged so that when the necessary strain has
been applied the ram will automatically stop.
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In order to assist in the more effectual mercerising of the yarn we mount in a
suitable frame in any convenient manner above the top rollers, a like number of
nip" rollers in such a manner that as the yarn or the like is travelling out of the
mercerising bath and before entering the same again, all the liquid is squeezed
from the fibre, thus producing a better result in the mercerising process.
The nip" rollers are raised away from or lowered on to the top rollers at
one and the same time for the purpose of removing the yarn from the machine,
by means of levers operated by a rotatable screw and in order to allow for any
variation in thickness of yarn on the various rollers, we mount in connection with
each bearing of the "nip" rollers a spiral spring or the like whereby the said
rollers adjust themselves to the varying thicknesses of the yarn.
In order to ensure the thorough washing off of the liquor from the yarn or the
like, we find it desirable to keep the water in the bath agitated and accomplish our
object by mounting and driving in any convenient manner a plunger or agitator;
such arrangement may also be used along with the mercerising liquid, thereby

page_text: proventing any of the component parts of the liquid settling to the bottom of the
bath, thus producing more efficient results.
Dated this 00d dr. of N ben 1907
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.
Improvements in Machinery for Dyeing, Sizeing, Finishing or
similarly treating Yarn or the like,
We, JOSEPH DEAN, Draughtsman, JOHN WILLIAM KNOWLES, and' HERBERT
BARKER, Machine Makers, all of Globe Foundry, Manningham, near Bradford,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to certain improvements in machinery for dyeing, sizing,
finishing or similarly treating yarn or the like, and relates more particularly to
machines in connection with the mercerising of yarn.
In machines as hitherto constructed, the top and bottom rollers upon which the
hanks of yarn or the like are placed for the purpose of passing them through the
liquor during the process of dyeing, mercerising or the like, have been moved
towards or away from each other for the purpose of liberating or putting tension
on the yarn by means of rotating screws or the like. Such methods are found
objectionable, as the tension so put upon the hanks cannot be either even or
regulated to any degree of nicity.
The object of our invention is to obviate these defects, and in describing our
invention in detail, reference is made to the accompanying sheet of drawings, in
which Fig. 1 represents an end elevation partly in section of a machine con-
structed in accordance with our invention, and
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine, the front plate of the liquor tank
being removed in order to show more clearly the rollers and hydraulic cylinder
placed in the interior of the tank.
The top stretching rollers A are mounted on a suitable frame B secured to and
supported by one or more rams C, each working in a cylinder D. In the drawings
only one ram and cylinder are shown, but it will be obvious to persons skilled in
dyeing machinery that two or more rams may be utilized in long machines, pro-
vision being made for coupling the interiors of the cylinders together by suitable
pipe connections in order that, in the case of two or more rams, they are all
subjected to one and the same pressure, thus securing even stretching of the hanks.
Mounted near the bottom portion of the tank E, upon a frame B with suitable
bearings, are a corresponding number of rollers F called the bottom rollers: upon the
rollers and the top rollers A the yarn to be dyed, mercerised or the like is placed;
the necessary amount of tension is obtained by raising the ram C in the cylinder D
by hydraulic pressure applied to the underside of the ram C through the open-
ing G by a suitable ram pump of the ordinary description, but fitted with a safety
valve for allowing the pressure to automaticly escape, when the necessary amount
of tension on the yarn has been obtained. Or the automatic stoppage of the move-
ment of the ram or rams C may be accomplished by connecting in any convenient
manner some portion of the frame B with the handle of a tap placed in the pipe
connecting the ram pump to the hydraulic cylinder D, so that when the frame B
and rollers A have been raised to the height required, the tap handle will have
been moved the necessary distance for the tap to be closed.

page_text: Motion to the top stretching rollers A is transmitted from the main shaft J
of the machine which is supported by brackets K attached to the frame B, and
upon the said shaft are secured a series of worms L, which gear into a correspond-
ing number of worm wheels M secured on the rollers A, the bottom rollers F are
rotated by the stretched yarn.
In order to assist in the more effectual dyeing, sizing, finishing or mercurising of
the yarn, we mount above the top stretching rollers A a like number of nip
rollers N supported by frame 0, which is suspended by the arms P' pivotted to
the frame O, and to the respective cross bars Q, the said arms being jointed to
nuts R, with which engages a screw S having a right and left hand threaded screw
cut thereon. By the rotation of this screw, the nip rollers N are moved towards
or away from the top stretching rollers A.
The axles of the nip rollers N are mounted in sliding block journals W between
each of which and the top of the recesses T a spiral spring U is placed, in order
to allow for any variation in the thickness of the hanks of yarn or the like on the
various stretching rollers, the springs allowing the nip rollers N to adjust them-
selves to suit the varying conditions
The dyeing, mercerising or other liquid is placed in the tank E, and the yarn
upon the rollers A and F, passes through the liquid in the said tank, and when the
yarn is stretched on the rotating rollers A and F, to about the required length,
the nip rollers N are brought into contact with the yarn travelling over the top
stratching rollers A, by the operation of the screw S, thus by the rollers N, pressing
the saturated yarn, the major portion of the liquid is squeezed from the yarn before
it again enters the bath in tank E, where it again takes in the liquid, thus pro-
ducing a better result in the mercerising process.
For the purpose of keeping the dye, mercerising or other liquid agitated in the
tank E, a plunger or other well known appliance is operated in any convenient
manner. The yarn or the like when "washed off" is removed from the stretching
rollers A and F, on raising the nip rollers N, and releasing the pressure under the
ram or rams C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A dyeing or mercerising machine in which are combined a series of
rollers A and F upon which the yarn or the like is placed and stretched by the
operation of the hydraulic ram or rams C, in such a manner as to insure not only
the even tension of the complete series of rollers A and F, but also the certainty
of the horizontal centre line through rollers A, being constantly paralled with the
horizontal centre line through rollers F, the whole arranged and operated sub-
stantially in the manner as shown and described.
2. A dyeing and mercerising machine provided with a series of rotating stretch-
ing rollers A and F, operated in series, combined with the nip rollers N actuated
substantially in the manner and for the purpose as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1898.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent, Sunbridge Chambers, Bradford.