matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INJECTING LIQUIDS AND APPLYING. LIQUIDS EXTERNALLY
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Joseph Francis Hubert
Foveaux at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 28th March 1866..
I, HENRY JOSEPH FRANCIS: HUBERT FOVEAUX, of 62, Strand, in the City of
Westminster, Manufacturer of Surgical Instruments,. do hereby declare the
naturo of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INJECTING
LIQUIDS AND APPLYING. LIQUIDS EXTERNALLY," to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists of two boards or plates hinged together at one end
and of a waterproof bag, by preference of wedge shape, fitted between the
boards near the hinges. A tube is carried from the bag through openings. in
the boards or otherwise, and terminates in a funnel, by which the bag is filled
with liquid; the tube is also furnished with a cock. The apparatus is
employed as follows After the bag has been filled with the liquid the cock
is closed and an injecting tube or pipe is attached to the funnel. The patient
then sits upon the upper board, and the weight by forcing this board upon the
lower board compresses the bag and injects the fluid through the pipe. The
lower board may be placed upon a bidet or upon the seat of a watercloset,
and the injecting pipe may be applied to the rectum or other part required;
or the pipe may be caused to apply the liquid externally.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR LUBRICATING PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left. by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th January,
1866. A communication from abroad by Arthur Lewis Le Gallo, of
Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR LUBRICATING PURPOSES," a communication
to me from abroad by Arthur Lewis Le Gallo, of Paris,. in the Empire of
France, to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to an improved construction of apparatus for the
lubrication of such portions of machinery and of other constructions as require
to have their revolving or motive parts lubricated, and consists in the employ-
ment of a helical spring in combination with a diaphragm or piston constructed.
in such a manner as that the exit or flow of the lubricating material from
the reservoir shall be effected and regulated by the expansion or contraction
of the spring.
One modification of this Invention consists in so arranging on the exterior
of the apparatus a helical spring which after being expanded shall act by
contraction and consequent depression upon the piston contained in the
reservoir, and shall thus cause the flow or exit of the lubricating material

page_text: through the inferior or lower portion of the vessel to such parts as require
lubrication.
Another modification of this Invention consists in so arranging a contracted
helical spring within the reservoir and above the diaphragm or piston as that
by its expansion the diaphragm or piston shall be depressed upon the surface
of the lubricating material, and the flow or exit of the same be effected. In
order to regulate the pressure or force to be applied to the piston or diaphragm
I apply according to the first modification herein mentioned a moveable or
screwed nut to the upper portion of the piston rod and upon and in connection
with the upper end of a helical spring, the lower end of the spring being
connected to the upper portion or cover of the reservoir, the regulation of
pressure being effected by the elevation or depression of the screwed nut.
According to the second modification of this Invention the helical spring,
which is contained within the reservoir or vessel and placed above the diaphragm
or piston, is actuated upon by means of a screwed spindle working through a
screwed socket or collar formed in the moveable lid or upper portion of the
vessel, such moveable upper portion being directed and held by means of guide
rods. The screwed spindle is held in such a manner as that it may be made
to rotate without undergoing either elevation or depression, and thus regulate
the contraction or expansion of the spring, the regulation of the flow or exit
of the lubricating material being thus effected.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOW CARDS, BILLS, OR TABLETS FOR ADVERTISING PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin George George at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
October '1866.
I, BENJAMIN GEORGE GEORGE, of Hatton Garden, in the City of London,
Lithographer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOW CARDS, BILLS, OR TABLETS FOR
ADVERTISING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to the application of letters and ornaments in
relief for producing tablets, show cards, bills, and other announcements used
for advertising or other similar purposes, such letters or ornaments according
to this part of my improvements being made of glass, earthenware, china,
wood, gelatine, metal, or papier machè, or they may be made of combinations
of the said materials and employed if desired in combination with plastic
materials. I carry my Invention into effect by attaching letters or ornaments
such as above described to wood, paper, cloth, metal, or other surfaces
employed in the manufacture of show cards, bills, or tablets by means of cement*
or metal or other fastenings, and such letters may be employed either alone
or in combination with tablets and show bills made up and mounted as
described in the Specifications of Patents granted to me, dated respectively
7th December 1860, No. 3004; 30th September 1861, No. 2434; and
the 5th October 1863 No 9486

page_text: In some cases according to my present improvements the design of the
show card, bill, or tablet may be first printed either plain or in colors, and
upon the printed work I affix glass, gélatine, or other transparent material,
plain, colored, or ornamented, of corresponding or other suitable forms upon
such parts as may be desired, thus producing a sparkling effect, and imparting
great brilliancy to the tablet so made up. Upon the plain surfaces of the
embossed metal plaster casts or other ornaments mounted on show bills or
cards according to this part of my Invention I-mount or apply printed matter
or other devices or designs (descriptive or otherwise) as may be required.
According to another part of my improvements I use letters or ornaments
(such as previously described) in combination-with printed matter and designs
previously printed upon the surfaces to which such letters or ornaments are
to be applied, and in some cases I gild or paint the letters or ornaments.
Another part of my improvements consists in framing and glazing tablets,
show cards and bills manufactured and mounted as above described to protect
them from the injurious effects of dust and moisture. By the means previously
described show bills, cards, and tablets may be produced with great facility
and of very varied character.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Collins Newell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th October 1866.
I, BENJAMIN COLLINS NEWELL, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester,
Pianoforte Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, first, to the application of an improved bearing or
bearings for the strings of a piano, whereby the tone of the instrument is much
improved, and consists in the application of mother-of-pearl to the belly
bridge throughout the surface on which the strings rest, which may be in the
form of a veneer or other suitable thickness glued or otherwise secured to the
wood of the bridge. Instead of mother-of-pearl I sometimes use ivory, but
this is attended with some little depreciation of the tone of the instrument.
I sometimes also apply a bearing surface of mother-of-pearl to the bridge or
the wrest plank, the effect of which is to enhance the quality of the tone,
producing clearness and great brilliancy, and at the same time avoiding the
harsh or metallic sound resulting from the use of metallic bridges.
A further improvement consists in applying pressure on the strings of an
instrument between the belly bridge and the string plate or bent side, as also
between the wrest plank, bridge, and the tuning pins, in order to stop the
vibration of the strings at those points; this has the effect of concentrating
the vibration of the strings between the bridges and producing a clearer and
better tone from them. I effect this between the belly bridge and bent side

page_text: by the application of a piece or pieces of wood throughout the extent of the
strings; it may be faced with zinc or other material. I dispose screws or bolts
at suitable intervals, passing them through the piece or pieces of wood through
the sounding board (passing freely through it), and into or through the braces
of the instrument; I apply and regulate the pressure of these pieces by the
screws so as to bear as equally as possible on all the strings, and so as to press
them down on the bridge, that is to say, toward the sounding board. I also
apply similar pressing pieces between the wrest plank, bridge, and the tuning
pins, screwing them down by bolts or screws entering the wrest plank or
otherwise, giving considerable pressure on and deflection to the strings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS FOR DOORS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Jones and John Upton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
22nd January 1866.
We, DAVID JONES, Engineer, and JOHN UPTON, both of Commercial Road,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS FOR DOORS AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in bolts for fastening doors or for
other purposes, whereby greater security is afforded than by the ordinary bolt.
We propose to apply to the head of the bolt a flat curvilinear handle furnished
with a knob on its upper surface, the under surface being provided with a
slotted projection or hasp; the plate or foundation of the bolt containing the
tubes or rings in which the bolt slides has a lock fitted therein, the catch of
which gears with the slotted projection under the handle; thus when the bolt
is driven home and the handle pressed down the lock fastens the bolt, which
cannot be again raised without the application of a key, as it is constructed on
the ordinary principle of the street-door lock.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING COPPER AND OTHER METALS FROM THEIR ORES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Weightman Harrison at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
May 1866.
I, CHARLES WEIGHTMAN HARRISON, of Oberstein Road, Clapham Junction,
in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING COPPER AND OTHER METALS FROM
THEIR ORES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to convert the metallic ore into a soluble
salt of the metal, and then by means of carbon or carburet of iron and
electricity to precipitate the metal from its solution. In the treatment of
ores of the various sulphides of copper they are first broken small and then
exposed in a proper furnace to a low red heat for several hours, by which the
sulphurous acid gas given off becomes for the most part converted into
sulphuric acid, which combining with the oxide of copper forms the sulphate
of that metal; the mass is then while in a heated state plunged into tanks
of water or of a saline solution by which the sulphate of copper is dissolved.
The solution is drawn off into other tanks filled or partially filled with pul-
verized carbon or carburet of iron, and then electric currents are passed into
the mixture, so as to spread over the entire mass of carbon, by which the
copper is deposited in a pure metallic state. The metal is easily separated
from the carbon by washing or by heat in a close furnace, and the carbon is
ready for use. Ores of other metals may be treated in a like manner and
the pure metal obtained therefrom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAVELLING OR FITTED DRESSING BAGS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Mitchell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd February
1866.
I, HENRY MITCHELL, of Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAVELLING OR FITTED DRESSING BAGS," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to construct travelling or fitted dressing bags
in such manner that the flap carrying the fittings may be more readily taken
out of the bag, opened out, and stood upon a table. My Invention consists
in fitting one or more hinges to the bottom of the bag, to or from which
hinge or hinges the flap can be secured or released as required. For the
purpose of securing the flap to the hinges I prefer to form that half of each
hinge to which the flap is attached with a slot having a circular part in
the middle, and I fit to the inside of one half of the flap a turn button,
the head of which when the flap is in the bag passes through a slot
in the other half of the flap and through the slot in the hinge; I then
give this button a partial revolution, and its head is thereby prevented
returning through the slots until again turned to bring the head in a line with
the slots.
My Invention chiefly applies to those bags known as "soufflet" bags.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR TREATING AND PRESERVING BEER AND OTHER FERMENTED LIQUORS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
August 1866. A communication from abroad by Eugene Velten, of
Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR TREATING AND
PRESERVING BEER AND OTHER FERMENTED LIQUORS," to be as follows:-
The Inventor of the improved process for treating and preserving beer and
other fermented liquors has discovered that by raising fermented liquors
to a temperature above 45° cent., any tendency to fermentation is greatly
diminished, and the time when the beer or other liquor is likely to spoil will
be considerably deferred.
The object of the present Invention is therefore to preserve fermented liquors,
more especially beer, by the application thereto of a regulated temperature when
under certain conditions. The improved process as applied to beer consists in
heating the beer rapidly in a close vessel, and then as suddenly cooling it; the
beer should remain as short a time as possible at any temperature between 25°
and 42° cent., because any temperature within these limits will be found
most favourable for setting up the fermentation. By the improved process the
liquid is to be maintained for from 20 minutes to an hour at a temperature
of from 48° to 50° cent. A bigher temperature will increase the keeping
quality of the beer, but it will modify and injure the taste; the liquor in a

page_text: close vessel, whether in bottles, casks, or metallic vessels constructed for the
purpose must be heated by means of a water bath, or by a current of steam.
The calorific power of air acts too slowly for practical purposes, but it might
.be used. It is best to operate on the beer in vessels constructed for the
purpose either of wood or metal, in which an agitator may be made to act so
as to bring all the liquor in contact with. the heated sides of the vessel. It
will be found best to use a metallic vessel in which an arrangement of
tubes to transmit the heat of steam or hot water to the liquor is employed.
When the beer or other liquor has been heated by the improved process, it
may be transferred from the apparatus into casks which are charged with
carbonic acid. By this arrangement the beer will not be exposed to the action
of the air, and will therefore be better preserved. The process above described
is as applicable to the preservation of cider, perry, and other fermented liquors
as to beer.
Ax IMPROVED COMBINATION OF APPARATUS FITTING WITHIN EVERY SORT OF CHIMNEY AND PREVENTING ANY SMOKE BEING DRIVEN BACK INTO APARTMENTS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th.
May 1866. A communication from abroad by Louis Charlemagne
Bricoteaux and Louis Jules Bricoteaux (father and son), of 15, Passage
des Petites Ecuries, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of No.
23, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ax
IMPROVED COMBINATION OF APPARATUS FITTING WITHIN EVERY SORT OF CHIMNEY
AND PREVENTING ANY SMOKE BEING DRIVEN BACK INTO APARTMENTS," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Louis Charlemagne Bricoteaux and Louis
Jules Bricoteaux (father and son), of 15, Passage des Petites Ecuries, Paris,
France, to be as follows:-
Two uprights are formed (rising from the hearth of the fire-place) with
brickwork, these uprights are to be about sixteen inches apart and rising
uniformly to a height of about three feet, and producing a depth of from 5
to 6 inches. These uprights will be built against and keyed in the thick
back wall of the chimney and occupy the whole width of the chimney, except
the width left between them and run up to the jamb of the chimney; then
starting from the above-mentioned height (one yard) the same uprights are

page_text: continued in the chimney with the addition of the brickwork in front, so as
to form in the body of the chimney a conduit pipe; then fill in with brick,
-stone, or sheet iron all the space of the original chimney, starting from the
height of the shelf; one of the sides will however be left a small trap,
which is raised at will to allow of the sweeping. The opening above!
mentioned having a height of some three feet is destined to receive a sheet-
iron apron or flap divided into three equal parts; a special groove must be made
for each of these three parts, and a small wrought iron or brass framing is to
be applied against the opening. The flap or apron is to be raised by means
of a chain attached to a stud or ring on the lower part of the flap or apron,
another stud or stop is placed at the base of the framing. The chain
will pass behind the apron and raise the framing by means of two pullics
fixed in the top of the framing which it will raise one part after the other
to create a draught. The framing will be maintained in position by a
counterweight on the other end of the chain. The dimensions of all the parts
named will be regulated by the size or capacity of the interior of the original
chimney.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AUTHENTICATING OR CONFIRMING TELEGRAPHIC DISPATCHES, AND FOR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward John Payne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th November
1866. A communication from abroad by John Haffenden, of Manila,
Gentleman.
I, EDWARD JOHN PAYNE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MODE OF AUTHENTICATING OR CONFIRMING TELEGRAPHIC DISPATCHES, AND FOR
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a method of authenticating telegrams by the
addition of certain letters, by preference three, to each telegram. These
letters are so arranged as to give a different combination for every day in a
period of six months; attached to each combination is a number, ranging
from 1 to 183, which numbers are arranged in any desired order opposite to
the days of the month, confidential agents supplied with this table are enabled
at once to ascertain whether the telegrams they receive are forwarded by the
correspondent in possession of the counterpart table or key. The apparatus
adopted for this purpose consists of a tablet of wood or other suitable material
containing thirty-one transverse grooves corresponding to the number of days
in the longest month; upon the face of the tablet is hinged a lid or cover
containing six columns of slots arranged vertically, so that when closed the

page_text: slots are immediately over the grooves in the face of the tablet. Each
combination of letters with its corresponding number is cast in a separate
block of metal, or may be printed on paper and attached to blocks of any
suitable material, which when inserted in the grooves in accordance with a
previously determined key will be seen through the slots in the face plate or
The choice of three letters to be added to each dispatch arises from
the fact that this number is sufficient to form an entirely different combination
for each day of the six months, and they are so combined that any two of the
letters in case of the omission or erroneous transposition of the third will
still suffice to form a combination not to be found elsewhere in the tablet.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SIFTING SUGAR OR FLOUR OR OTHER MEALS, OR SEPARATING THE SMALLER FROM THE GROSSER PARTICLES IN SAUCES AND CONDIMENTS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Morris Myers at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th March
1866.
I, MORRIS MYERS, of Saint Pancras, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR SIFTING SUGAR OR FLOUR OR OTHER MEALS, OR SEPARATING
THE SMALLER FROM THE GROSSER PARTICLES IN SAUCES AND CONDIMENTS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of an upright spindle made to revolve in a supporting
socket. The supporting socket is fitted with arms to press against the sides
of the vessel in which the operation of sifting or separating is to be carried on,
in order to strengthen and support the apparatus. On the bottom of the
spindle are three or more arms, each of which carries a metal scraper which
presses against the sieve or sifter below, and urges the material to be sifted
through the meshes of the sieve. Pressing against each scraper is a small
spring, which allows of the scraper passing over any lump or accumulation
of material, should the sieve become choked. The sieve may be of wire cloth
or hair cloth, canvass, or other suitable or usual material. In some cases.
instead of the metal scrapers I use brushes inserted in the arms, which answer.
the same purpose as the metal scrapers where the material composing the
sieve is soft or more easily worn, as hair cloth or canvass..
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PUMP BUCKETS FOR LIFTING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Goodfellow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd February
1866.
I, JACOB GOODFELLOW, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMP BUCKETS FOR LIFTING WATER, AIR, OR OTHER FLUIDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved arrangement of the buckets of
pumps for the purpose of dispensing with the ordinary valves or clacks on
the top of the bucket. Instead of making the bottom of the bucket open
aš at present I make it closed, and form a number of perforations in the
flange below the packing, and just above the bottom flange I make a
number of perforations in the body of the shell leading to the interior of
the bucket. Also instead of making the packing fill up the space between
the top and bottom flanges I make the packing of less depth than the
space, so that it can move up and down between the flanges. When the
bucket is pushed down in the barrel of the pump the packing by its friction
riscs and allows the air or liquid to pass through the bottom and side holes
to the interior of the bucket, and then through the open top of the bucket
to the barrel, and when the bucket is lifted the packing is depressed so as
to cover the holes and enable the bucket to lift the air or liquid out of the
barrel.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO STEAK BOILERS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Marshall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th April
1866.
I, THOMAS MARSHALL, of Dunstable, in the County of Bedford, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
SUPPLYING WATER TO STEAK BOILERS," to be as follows:-
In carrying out my Invention I have a tank or other receptacle which
contains water, from which the supply for the boiler is to be drawn, and
which may be heated if desired by several means already known to the public
and employed in this branch of trade. Between the tank, cistern, or other
receptacle above named and the boiler I have a small reservoir or cistern'
which communicates with the tank and the boiler by pipes furnished with
proper cocks or taps. One pipe leads the water from the tank into the
reservoir or cistern, and by this it is filled, or nearly so. Another pipe leads
from the steam in the boiler to the upper part of said cistern, and by this
means the pressure of such steam is brought on to the upper surface of the
water and expels it through a third pipe from the bottom of the cistern into
the water space of the boiler. If preferred I can have a piston in the inter-
mediate cistern, and this arrangement also prevents condensation. In this
case it would be advisable to have another pipe, in addition to those named.

page_text: above, reaching from the steam space of the boiler to the bottom of the
cistern. By this means the piston could be returned to the top of the cistern
by the pressure of the steam. This might however be accomplished by a
lever, or by other means. A blow-off cock, water gauge, steam guage, or
safety valve, may be applied to the intermediate cistern, if found necessary or
advisable.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF POCKET FOR MALE AND FEMALE ATTIRE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Robinson Towers, Thomas
Clutterbuck, and John Bell Muschamp at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd May 1866.
We, JOSEPH ROBINSON TOWERS, of 47, Worcester Street, Wolverhampton,
in the County of Staffordshire, Gentleman, THOMAS CLUTTERBUCK, of 2,
Coleman Street, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Commercial Traveller,
and JOHN BELL MUSCHAMP, of Pembroke Road, Kensington, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF POCKET FOR MALE AND FEMALE ATTIRE,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of a new safety pocket, which being constructed of
the ordinary materials and according to the most approved external configura-
tion, and secured to the garment in the usual manner, has at its upper part
in front, or the direction a hand would most readily follow, an outer covering
or case through which the hand would pass; but beneath this and at an angle
with the opening from the garment we fix a flap which must be turned back
before arriving at the entrance to the pocket, which entrance is placed at the
back or under side; to accomplish this a piece corresponding in form with the
outer covering or case upon the front herein-before described is stitched or
worked over below the actual entrance to the pocket.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND TREATING WOOD AND WOOD PULP FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th January
1866. A communication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Neyret,
Zéphirin Gaspard Alexandre Nathan Petrone Orioli, and Amable
Alfred Fredet, Manufacturers of Paper Pulp, all of 29, Boulevart St.
Martin, Paris.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND TREATING WOOD AND WOOD
PULP FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
Pulp used in the manufacture of paper prepared from wood by mecha-
nical processes generally assumes a more or less brown tint when exposed
to the air, which result is due to the presence of a certain proportion of
alkali contained in the sap and which may be readily ascertained by means
of suitable reagents. It is well known that alkalies generally are powerful
auxiliaries in the oxidation of organic matters, and in this particular instance
it is of importance that their influence should be set forth. In order to
produce a white pulp from wood it is necessary on the one hand to bleach
that portion of the coloring matter already become brown, and on the other
hand to prevent it from changing color subsequently by neutralizing the
alkali; this I readily effect by pouring on the pulp a mixture of chloride
of lime and a suitable acid, hydrochloric acid for example, both dissolved

page_text: in a suitable proportion of water. The greatest care should be taken to
employ an excess of the two reagents, otherwise they will instead of bleach-
ing the pulp render it of a yellow tint. Generally speaking one part of
chloride of lime and one part of bydrochloric acid is sufficient to bleach a
hundred parts of the pulp.
According to a further improvement where large supplies of wood are
laid in, and in order to prevent its turning brown as it becomes older,
especially in summer, immediately after the wood is felled acidulated water
is injected therein either by immersion or otherwise. This acidulated
water should be prepared with any suitable acid, but preferably with hydro-
chloric acid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF Locks
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Cooper at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th April
1866.
I, THOMAS COOPER, the younger, of Wolverhampton, in the County of
Stafford, Lock Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF Locks," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of a simple and very
cheap lock for bags and portmanteaus. The annexed Drawings represent the
interior of two locks, (Figure 1) being a double-action vertical bolt lock
adapted for bags, and (Figure 2) a single-action horizontal bolt adapted for
bags or portmanteaus. In (Figure 1) a is the lock plate; (b) the spring
bolt; (c), the feather spring; (d), the drill pin; (6), the tumbler bolt; (f),
the tumbler; (g), the tumbler spring; (h), the stump working both bolt and
tumbler. (In Figure 2) (a) is the lock plate; (b) is the tumbler bolt; (c),
the tumbler; (d), the drill pin; (e), the tumbler spring, and (f) the stump
working as in (Figure 1) both bolt and tumbler.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING INJURY TO PERSONS IN RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Manby at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th October
1866. A communication from abroad by the Baron Von Roesgen Von
Floss, of the Hague, in the Kingdom of Holland.
I, WILLIAM MANBY, of Wolverhamptom, in the County of Stafford,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING INJURY TO PERSONS IN RAILWAY TRAINS,"
a communication to me from abroad by the Baron Von Roesgen Von Floss,
of the Hague, in the Kingdom of Holland, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar arrangement and construction of buffers
to be fitted to the front and rear of a railway train with a view to preventing
injury to passengers in case of a collision.
According to this Invention it is proposed to construct buffers of about from
four to five feet in length when extended, such buffers being composed of
several portions sliding one within the other after the manner of the joints of
a telescope. In the interior of each joint there is fitted a block of vulcanized
india-rubber, as well as a helical metal spring, the latter serving to extend the
buffer again after it has been forced in, whilst the former serve as cushions
for deadening the shock of collision. As these buffers by reason of their
great length and the number of parts. or sliding joints they contain will require
supporting in order to maintain them in a horizontal position, it is proposed to
couple the two buffers of each pair by a horizontal tie bar, and to suspend the
outer ends of such buffers by a cord or chain acted on by a weight or spring,

page_text: and passing either through curved overhanging brackets fitted to the upper end
of upright supports secured to the buffer bar or passing directly over a pulley
in the head of such uprights without the intervention of the curved brackets
or arms, which when used should be made to bend or fold up under com-
pression; or a roller may be carried on the under side of the extreme end
of each of the buffers and running along a supporting rail or bar; or a long
straight bar or rack may be secured at its outer end to the under side of the
buffer head and caused to work or slide through suitable guides in the engine
framing, a toothed wheel carried by the framing and acted on by a blade
spring gearing into such rack.
NEW FORM OF PARTIAL OR TOTAL BATHS FOR MAN OR ANIMALS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Vital de Tivoli at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th May 1866.
-A communication from abroad by Major-General Angelini, residing at
Florence, in Italy.
I, VITAL DE TIVOLI, of 50, Claverton Street, Pimlico, London, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for a "NEW FORM OF PARTIAL OR TOTAL BATHS FOR MAN OR ANIMALS," com-
municated to me by Major-General Angelini, residing at Florence, in Italy, to
be as follows:
In consists in manufacturing with materials impervious to air and water,
such as cloth prepared with tar, india-rubber, or other fit substance, a bag or
bags into which a limb or limbs or the whole body may be introduced, and
then any required quantity of hot or cold water or any other liquid, either
simple or medicated, as the case may be. The bags should be differently
shaped according to the different part or body for which they are intended.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES OR CLEANERS FOR CLEANING GUN BARRELS AND OTHER TUBULAR ARTICLES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bayliss at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st February
1866.
I, HENRY BAYLISS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun
Implement Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES OR CLEANERS FOR CLEANING GUN BARRELS
AND OTHER TUBULAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in brushes
or cleaners for cleaning gun barrels and other tubular articles, by which
improvements the brush or cleaner more effectually cleans and removes rust,
or lead, or other matter from the surface of the barrel or other article than
brushes or cleaners of the ordinary kind.
I. will describe my Invention with reference to a brush or cleaner for
cleaning gun barrels. Brushes or cleaners for cleaning other tubular articles,
such, for example, as the tubes of steam boilers, differ only in size from those
made for cleaning gun barrels.
In making a gun barrel brush or cleaner according to my Invention I take
a flat ring of brass or other metal of about one-half the diameter externally
which the finished cleaner is intended to have. I take a series of short lengths
of fine wire (the wires being somewhat longer than the diameter of the finished
cleaner), and arrange them in the ring in a tubular form. I bend the wires
outwards on both sides of the ring, thus making one-half of each wire lie
against one of the flat sides of the ring, and the other half of the wire against

page_text: the other flat side of the ring. The doubled wires are thus made to lie radially
on either side of the ring in the position of the bristles of a rotary brush.
The ring of wires may be fixed to a cylindrical holder by a screw passed
through the ring and taking into the end of the holder, the ring being held
between the head of the screw and the end of the holder. Any required
number of the rings of wire may be strung upon a screw of sufficient length,
and bound together by the screw taking into the holder. I prefer to put
metal washers between the different rings of wire in order to keep them a
short distance apart. By combining together a series of the rings of wire a
cylindrical cleaner of any desired length may be made. I employ either steel,
iron, brass, or german silver, or othe wire.
Cleaners made according to my Invention are not only more efficient than
ordinary cleaners, but are also more lasting.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Moore and Thomas
Richmond at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 9th January 1866.
We, HENRY MOORE and THOMAS RICHMOND, of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to strike up the weft after two or more picks
are made, and after two or more motions of the healds instead of after each
pick as usually done, which we accomplish by placing the picking tappets and
the heald tappets on the crank shaft, thus dispensing entirely with the tappet
shaft and the wheels which drive it. The reed will thus drive up two or more
picks at each stroke of the slay according to the arrangement of the tappets.
The loom will be thus very much simplified, and be worked at a greater speed
and with less power for the same kind of work.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF CONNECTING METALLIC WIRES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
May 1866. A communication from abroad by Nathan Bloch, of Rue
St. Sebastien, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancey Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF CONNECTING METALLIC WIRES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel mode of connecting wires.
It may be
advantageously employed for uniting wires of any thickness, whatever may be
the purpose for which they are intended to be employed, for instance for
wire fencing, telegraphic wires, supports for plants, or other purposes where
the ends of wires may be required to be connected. For this purpose two
half round pieces of metal of a double tapering form are employed which are
made hollow inside for the reception of the wire, and are screwed at their
ends for the reception of screw nuts. One of these half round pieces
is provided at its middle with an oblong slot for the reception of the
turned-up ends of the wires. When the junction of the wires is required to
be effected their ends are bent at right angles to the length of wire, and being
brought together are passed through the oblong slut in one of the half round
sockets, the other half round piece of the socket is then applied at the other
side of the wire and the screw nuts are slipped on and screwed up tight, by
which means the wires are held firmly in position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SLIDE VALVES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles William Dixon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
November 1866.
I, CHARLES WILLIAM DIXON, of Wickham Market, in the County of
Suffolk, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SLIDE VALVES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a rotating slide valve. The exhaust port may or
may not be cast in one piece with the cylinder; as is usual in ordinary engines.
The exhaust port is brought to the surface of a circular plane or convex face
along with the steam ports, but is placed in the centre and made of a circular
form. The two steam ports are placed on opposite sides of it, leaving space
for a rib of metal between them.
The two steam ports are made of the following shape, but their size to be
regulated by the ordinary rules for finding the areas of steam and exhaust
ports
(●))), and also having their outer and inner sides arcs of two
concentric circles, and their ends parts of radius lines from the same centre.
The valve is to have a circular face of the same size and to cover the face. on
which the steam and exhaust ports are placed, and is to have two openings in
it bounded by the same arcs as the steam ports are, but the other dimensions
are to be regulated by the engineer so as to give whatever cut-off of steam or
exhaust he thinks proper. One of these two orifices opens directly into

page_text: the steam chest through the back of the valve, but the other opening is con-
nected by a covered passage on the back of the valve with the exhaust port in
the centre, so that when the steam is entering at one port it is exhausting at
the other. The back of the valve is made cylindrical and brought through a
stuffing box at the back of the steam chest, and made of the same diameter as
the exhaust port; or if liked smaller, or if expansion is used in the cylinder,
it would be an advantage to be made larger. The valve may be worked by
eccentrics from the crank shaft or direct from the piston rod by a small-
connecting rod turned backwards or in any other way at the option of the
engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND CLEANING FLAX, TOW, HEMP, COTTON, SHODDY, AND OTHER MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN TEXTILE MANUFACTURES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rowan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd May
1866.
I, WILLIAM ROWAN, of the Firm of John Rowan and Sons, of Belfast, in
the County of Antrim, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND CLEANING
FLAX, TOW, HEMP, COTTON, SHODDY, AND OTHER MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN TEXTILE
MANUFACTURES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in the employment in lieu of the ordinary
pointed needles or pins used in carding engines, devils, dust separating
machines, and other machines for preparing fibres of pins with round heads
similar to knitting pin heads, and also of centrifugal pins attached to the
revolving cylinder; these pin heads and pins enter the fibre under treatment,
and act upon it in a more efficient manner than the ordinary pointed pins or
needles.
My Invention consists, secondly, in fitting fan blades to the arms of the
revolving cylinder which carries the pins or other appliances to act upon the
fibres; these blades revolve with the cylinder and produce a blast which
cleans the fibres of dust and other loose matters; the cylinder is perforated
or of a skeleton form to allow the blast to pass through it.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING THE JUICES OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
November 1866.-A communication from abroad by Jean Louis Lompret
Dumont, of 39, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of
No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING THE JUICES OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Jean Louis Lompret Dumont, of 39, Faubourg
St. Martin, Paris, France, to be as follows:-
Figures 1 and 2, Sheets 1 and 2, of the accompanying Sheets of Drawing
forming part of this Provisional Specification, shew this improved apparatus
in plan and in section. It is composed of four separate compartments A with
waste pipe B and worm C. B, waste pipe for the introduction into the com-
partments A of the juices coming from the drying boilers or other apparatus ;
D, steam pipe coming from the generators into the worms C for the evaporation
of the juices; E, pipe with cock for returning the steam directly from the
worms C to the generators; F, flue with holes G for escape of the steam
coming from the evaporated juices; H, continuous pipe by which the
evaporated juices issue from the compartments to go into a tank or vat by a
pipe I; J, pipe with cock for withdrawal of the evaporated juices which are in the
compartments; K, glass indicating tube with cock L to indicate the height of
the juice in the compartments; M, pipe for the escape of the condensed steami
from the worms C.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF COLOURING MATTERS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Heinrich Caro at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd August 1866.
I, HEINRICH CARO, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF COLOURING MATTERS," to be as follows:-
I obtain purple and blue colouring matters from rosaniline, aniline reds
and violets, by first treating cold and acid solutions thereof with nitrous acid,
and afterwards submitting the azo-compounds thus obtained to the action of
stannous chloride or other suitable reducing agents. The red solution thus
obtained is neutralized with an alkali or alkaline salt, and the resulting
precipitate, when treated with acetic or other acids, yields purple and blue
colouring matters soluble in alcohol, and possessing tinctorial properties
similar to the ordinary aniline purples and blues.
AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR BALING BANDS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Wilson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th December
1866.'
I, SAMUEL WILSON, of Manchester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED FASTENING FOR BALING BANDS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention refers to a novel kind of fastening for coupling together the
ends of the hoops or bands used in packing bales, and may be described as
follows:-I bend back both ends of each band or hoop flatwise in such a
manner as to form a loop at the end having an enlarged eye and a narrow
neck, and so that the band may then be rather too short to stretch entirely
round the bale. while under pressure; between these ends I introduce a
coupling of a peculiar form, which I prefer to make of cast iron; this coupling
has recesses or eyes formed in it corresponding in shape to the loops formed
at the ends of the hoops or bands by bending them back, that is, having
enlarged eyes and narrow necks or openings, but the recesses in the coupling
are slightly larger than the outside of the loops so that the loops may be
slipped into the recesses sideways, the ends of the bands or hoops are thus
coupled, and the tendancy of the bale to expand on being released from the
pressure exerts a strain on the bands which holds the loops tight in the
recesses by wedging the enlarged eyes against the narrow openings. To prevent

page_text: the strain flatening the loops and drawing them through the narrow openings
of the recesses in the couplings I use pins formed in these recesses so that
the pins may fit into the interior of the eye of the loop on the band or hoop;
the pin thus forms a support to the loop in the inside, and prevents it being
flattened, so as to be drawn through the narrow opening; these pins may also
be formed separate from the coupling; the weakening effect of rivetting the
bands is thus avoided, and narrower bands fastened on this principle will have
as great a strength as broader bands which are revetted.