Improvements in Walls and in Grooved Bricks therefor.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 4th Mar. 1893-Accepted. 20th May. 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Walls and in Grooved Bricks therefor.
I, JOHN ISAAC WILLIAMS Contractor Pentre Issa Farm Ruabon N. Wales, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The
Improvement in means of preventing damp and in ventilating walls by forming
an hollow around the bricks. In the case of the header brick the hollow is formed
about one and half inches from end of brick and continued around the same.
stretcher brick is hollowed about one & half inches from the face and hollow
continued around it lengthwise so that when the bricks are placed in the wall the
hollows come opposite and form a passage to prevent damp and also can be used as
a means of ventilation by use of the ordinary inlet and outlet, ventilation bricks
which will supply the cavity or channel with air the advantages claimed for this
invention are that a cavity wall is formed without separating or dividing the wall
thereby saving ground space and cost.
Dated this 20th day of February 1893.
JOHN ISAAC WILLIAMS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Walls and in Grooved Bricks therefor.
JOHN ISAAC WILLIAMS Pentre-Issa near Ruabon Denbighshire, Builder and
Contractor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The principal objects of my invention are to form a cavity or channel for
the prevention of damp, for ventilating purposes and also when necessary to fill in
such cavities or channels with cement, asphalte or other suitable substances, I will
explain my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, according to
my said invention I provide a brick indicated on the drawing marked A which
shews the header or bond brick, in which brick I form part of one or more cavities
marked A 1 on drawings which portion of cavity is formed by hollowing the brick
continuously on all four smaller sides, the centre of the hollow being slightly raised
as indicated on drawings marked B by section B 2 and lines marked B 3 which shews
the direction in which the raised portion diminishes. The stretcher brick marked B.
shews the half cavity or channel running lengthways and marked A. 1. with raised
centre as indicated by B2 section and B 3 direction. By placing the bricks as
shewn in section marked the half cavities marked A 1 are brought together and
form the complete cavities or channels marked C 1, which are continuously formed
by the laying of each course of bricks.
The brick marked D. is similar to brick marked B with the exception of having
the centre taken out, so that it forms a square tube or channel when placed one
upon the other.
The purpose of this brick is to convey a greater amount of air,
when required into the grooves of the brickwork marked A 1, the grooves
marked A 1 in brick D are increased for better circulation of air, these bricks
are to be used at intervals in walls, being placed one above the other, not in courses.
Where no great structural strength is required it may be used entirely in the place
of B or for such work as partitions and the like.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the said is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. That by using these bricks, it is possible to build a cavity or channel wall
of 9 inch work, so as to prevent damp and at the same time supply a perfect means
of ventilation, as the cavities or channels are continuous around each brick and
therefore running in all directions, thereby ensuring a complete circulation of air
throughout the walls, while the face of the brickwork is in no way altered.
2. The form of channel with the raised portion in centre of cavity is to prevent
water remaining, as it otherwise would, when condensation takes place.
3. I claim that the brick marked D on drawings, when used, forms a perfect
means of conveying air for circulation through cavities and also for direct ventilation
for such places as w.cs. and other similar plases requiring separate ventilation, also
that it is suitable for partitions, being light and fireproof.
4th. I claim that the bricks marked A and B are capable of forming the strongest
possible work for forts, bridges, embankments lighthouses reservoirs and other
structures where great strength is required; as by filling the cavities or channels
with cement lias lime, asphalte or other suitable materials each brick is bound
together as it were by a continuous baud or rabbit, formed by the cavities being
filled, which makes the brickwork irremovable.
Din 4th der of March 1893
JOHN ISAAC WILLIAMS.