IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER ENGINES
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, TIMOTHY
HACKWORTH and JOHN WESLEY HACKWORTH, of the Soho Works, Shildon, in
the County of Durham, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of
December, One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the thirteeenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the Timothy Hackworth and John Wesley Hackworth, our exors, adññors,
and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that we, the said Timothy Hackworth and John Wesley Hackworth, our
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Timothy Hack-
worth and John Wesley Hackworth, our exors, admors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER
ENGINES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the
said Timothy Hackworth and John Wesley Hackworth, or one of us, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, to be inrolled
in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as

page_text: in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Timothy Hackworth and John Wesley Hackworth, do hereby declare that
the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is
to be performed, are fully described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the figures and letters marked. thereon (that is to say):—
Our Invention consists:-First, of improvements in the gearing of loco-
motive and other steam engines, whereby the lead and traverse of the slide
of each engine may be varied, the one motion independent of the other, and
from time to time, at the will of the engine man; and this part of our Inven-
tion also consists of an improved pass-over valve:
י
Secondly, our Invention consists of applying a short motion of the piston of
the engines to levers to obtain longer motions to the cranks of locomotive
engines, when motion is communicated to the outside of the wheels.
.
And, thirdly, our Invention consists of improvements in the boilers of
locomotive engines.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The hand gear shewn in the Drawings for working the slide valves of
steam engines is so arranged that, by two motions, the lead of the valve and
the traverse of the valve of cach engine may be varied, the one motion
independent of the other, and either motion, or both motions, may be varied
from time to time at the will of the engineer. Figure 1 is a side elevation,
Figure 2 a plan, of hand gearing arranged suitably for carrying out our
Invention, and, for the sake of distinction, the gearing for working the right-
hand engine is shewn in black, that for the left-hand engine is in blue
lines. The apparatus for reversing the weigh bar, spanners, and rod are shewn
in red lines, and the arrangement of parts for varrying the lead are shown in
green lines. There are four slotted links, two of them marked t, l, for
working the traverse with a reverse motion, and two of them marked 1; 1,
for working the lead respectively on the right and left hand sides of the engine.
This adaptation is for working the traverse and lead with a variable motion,
independently of each other, and so that we can not only vary the lead and
traverse together, but also separately from. each other. The action in this

page_text: Drawing is shewn as taken from the cross head c, h, and communicated to the
levers p and q by the connecting links o; o; p being on the left, and q on
the right hand side. The weigh-bars A and B are called the link weigh
bars, each having a T-ended spanner k at one end, with two pins g, g, by
which, the traverse links t, l, are secured to them, the levers. p and q being
on the opposite end. The lead links are each: mounted.on pins formed on the
levers P and 9, which will be more clearly seen in Figure 3, m being one of
those pins; and, l, the lead links. It is desirable to remark that whilst each
cylinder works the lead of its own slide valve, its traverse is worked by the
other cylinder in a double engine; but in single engines. we can also apply
this gearing by the aid of the crank and the single cylinder. On each of the
lead links, l, there is a pin c which connects them by the traverse rod t, r, to
their respective traverse links t, l, the traverse is then communicated through the
lead link, l, thence by the slide rods s, r, to the valves. The reverse motion
is effected by changing the rods t, r, above and below the centre of the slot
links t,, by means of the weigh bar r, w, b, which has a bell crank s, s, on
one end, and. single spanner h, on. the opposite. One spanner of the bell
crank s, s, and the single spanner h being connected to the traverse rods t, r,
by the pins n, n, (which rods have a loop or slot y, y, to allow for the motion
of the valves without disturbing the reversing pins,) the other spanner u of
the bell crank being connected to the. reversing lever. The variation in the
lead is effected in a similar manner, by changing the position of the slide
rods s,,, in the lead links 1, 1, by the weigh bar l, wo, which, has a bell crank
on the right-hand. side, one spanner d being connected to the slide rods, r,
and the other spanner to the reversing lever. On the opposite end of the
weigh bar, w, is a single spanner e connected to a bell crank e,. e, for varying
the left hand slide rods, r,, in like manner, each rod having a loop in it to
allow the slide to traverse without affecting the reversing pins.
:
Figure 4 shews a section, on an enlarged scale, of an improved pass-over
slide valve, which we prefer to use, which will be seen to consist of two exhaust
ports in the cylinder face, with two bars on the slide valve; but more than two
exhaust ports, to the .cylinder, and two bars to the valve, may be employed.
We would remark that we do not confine ourselves, to the arrangement of
hand gearing described in respect to Figures 1, 2, and 3, as; the same may
be modified, so long as the peculiarity, of the Invention be retained, and we
have shewn a.modification which we have. made, at Figures-5, 6, and 7; but
other. modifications may be made; and yet retain.the principle of the first part
of our Invention.
Figure 5 shews aplan; Figure 6, a side view; and Figure 7, two, end

page_text: views of parts, the coloring of the parts being as before mentioned. The
action is in this arrangement taken from the cross heads c, h, and is imparted
to the levers p and q as before; the points of difference being, that the two
traverse links t, l, and the lead links 1, 1, are placed directly opposite each
other, this being effected by bringing the two weigh bars A and B together,
and cranking them in the manner shewn. The lead links 1, 1, are carried by
the two pins b, b, seen in Figure 7, and derive their motion from the
pins m, m, on the levers p and q, through the rods l, r. The weigh bar A
could have the straight end at one side of the crank hollow, and B keyed into
it, and the opposite end of B hollow, and A keyed into it, or vice versa.
The lead links might be dispensed with, and the lead worked by the traverse
links t, l, provided the weigh bars A and B were carried on sliding instead of
being fixed journals, or on other weigh bars, the traverse of which would have
to be sufficient to move the valves, the lead, and lap. We have men-
tioned these variations for the aid of the engineer; and others might be made,
such as using two cranks or excentrics in place of taking the motions from
the piston rods, as shewn; but these and other variations of the Invention
will readily suggest themselves to an engineer.
We will now describe the second part of our Invention.
Figure 8 shews a longitudinal section, and Figure 9 a transverse section of
so much of a locomotive engine as will enable us to describe this part of our
Invention, which consists of employing a lever acting from a short stroke
cylinder to a comparatively long crank, where the motion is applied outside of
the wheels; the arm e, e, is connected to the cross head, and by links to the
lever w, the lever w being connected to a crank pin on the outside
of the wheel. In the longitudinal section two of the wheels are shewn
coupled; but this may be dispensed with, as the Invention is applicable in
either way.
We will now describe the third part of our Invention, which is shewn in
Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section, shewing the boiler and inner and outer
cases of the fire box b and c, 7 shewing the fire bars, and a the passage for
clearing away the ashes. Figure 9 is a cross section of the boiler at 'm, in
Figure 8, shewing the tubular heating surface. Figure 10, an external end
view of the fire-box, shewing the fire door n, and outlet for the ashes a.
Figure 11, a cross section of the external and internal cases of fire box b and c,
which are circular, and flattened at top; r, r, is the water tank, which
is carried on the engine, there being a space between it and the boiler, and
the exhaust steam is passed along a chamber p, p, at the bottom for heating

page_text: the water; the condensed steam from the chamber p, p, is to be pumped
into the boiler. The flat top of the outer case of the fire-box, together with
the top of the water tank, being intended to carry coke, the lines q, q, shew
a hand rail, and sheet iron cover, or wire gauze, to keep it on.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, we would have it under-
stood that we make no claim to the separate mechanical parts. But what we
claim is:-
First, the improvements in hand gearing and passoever valves of locomotive
engines herein described.
Secondly, we claim the communicating motion from short stroked engines
by levers, to comparatively long crank motions outside the wheels of
locomotive engines.
And, thirdly, we claim the circular form of the outer and inner cases of the
fire-box. And also the mode of heating the water in tanks, and supplying the
condensed water to the boiler, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Wesley Hackworth, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.