IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRE- PARING FIBROUS MATERIALS TO BE COMBED OR SPUN." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Duriez, Fils, Worsted and Cotton Spinner,
and Sidney Emsley, Manager, of Roubaix, in the Empire of France, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRE-
PARING FIBROUS MATERIALS TO BE COMBED OR SPUN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Duriez and
Sidney Emsley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 23rd February 1861.
We, AUGUSTE DURIEZ, Fils, Worsted and Cotton Spinner, and SIDNEY
EMSLEY, Manager, of Roubaix, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR PREPARING FIBROUS MATERIALS TO BE COMBED OR SPUN," to be as
follows:-
Firstly, in addition to the ordinary fluted pressing rollers, we use a porcupine
roller or comb, the points of which are opposite to those of the gills or fallers,
that is, point towards point, and an endless band or apron which presses
against the porcupine and causes the fibrous material to be drawn in or
through the pins thereof; we also employ brushes, which strip the fibrous
niaterial from the porcupine and force or cause it to penetrate into the gills or
fallers, by means of which we obtain a limited resistance in the drawing of
long fibres instead of an absolute one, thus preventing the fibres being broken.
Secondly, instead of the fallers, or gills being in a direct line, we make them
act in broken lines of different inclines, one of which causes the gradual
penetration of the pins into the fibrous material offered to them by skimming
the feeding apparatus and seizing the floats, thus allowing the short fibres to be

page_text: drawn at the same time into the pins of the porcupine and the gills, and
lengthen them by the draught, which lengthening is generally necessary in
order that the draught which takes place at the delivery may separate and
straighten the short fibres.
Thirdly, we arrange between the gills and fluted rollers an apparatus con-
sisting of a porcupine comb which takes the fibres at the gills with a regular
tension and delivers them to the drawing rollers, and also a triangular bar
with forcing fingers or their blades, which is placed between the gills and the
porcupine comb, so as to force the fibres as they leave, the gills to enter the
pins of the porcupine, the said forcing fingers penetrate between the circular
ranges of pins in the porcupine, so as to force the short tufts of fibres to enter
the comb, and to keep them there until they are seized by the drawing rollers.
Fourthly, we use revolving brushes acting in the broken lines of the gills.
This apparatus is composed of several brushes with stud pins at their ex-
tremities to allow them to revolve freely and present their bristles downwards
and penetrate into the pins, carrying the fibres with them. The brushes in
descending also come in contact with the pins of the feeding porcupine, so as
to keep them constantly clean and prevent the formation of laps.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Auguste Duriez and Sidney Emsley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd August 1861..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, AUGUSTE
DURIEZ, Fils, Worsted and Cotton Spinner, and SIDNEY EMSLEY, Manager, of
Roubaix, in the Empire of France, send greeting.
2
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors; give and grant unto us,
the said Auguste Duriez, Fils, and Sidney Emsley, Her special license that we,
the said Auguste Duriez, Fils, and Sidney Emsley, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such-others as we, the said Auguste Duriez, Fils, and
Sidney Emsley, our 'executors, administrators, and assigns, should 'at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all tinies thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make; use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
'the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS: IN

page_text: MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING FIBROUS MATERIALS TO BE COMBED. OR
SPUN," upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said Auguste Duriez,
Fils, and Sidney Emsley, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said; Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same. to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Auguste Duriez, Fils, and Sidney
Emsley, do hereby declare, the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
Firstly, in addition to the ordinary. fluted pressing rollers, we use a porcupine
roller or comb, the points of which are opposite to those of the gills or fallers,
that is, point towards point, and an endless band or apron which presses against
the porcupine causes the fibrous material to be drawn in or through the pins
thereof; we also employ brushes, which strip the fibrous materials from the
porcupine and force or cause it to penetrate into the gills, or fallers, by means.
of which we obtain a limited resistance in the drawing of long fibres, instead of
an absolute one, thus preventing the fibres being broken.
Secondly, instead of the fallers or gills being in a direct line, we make them
act in broken lines of different inclines, one of which causes' the gradual
penetration of the pins into the fibrous material offered to them by skimming
the feeding apparatus, and seizing the floats or short fibres, thus allowing them
to be drawn at the same time into the pins of the porcupine and the gills, and
to lengthen them by the draught, which lengthening is generally necessary in
order that the draught which takes place at the delivery may separate and
straighten the short fibres..
Thirdly, we arrange between the gills and fluted rollers an apparatus consist-
ing of a porcupine comb, which takes the fibres at the gills with a regular
tension, and delivers them to the drawing rollers, and, also a triangular. bar.
with pressing fingers on thin blades, which is placed between the gills and the
porcupine comb, so. as to force the fibres as they leave the gills to enter the
pins or teeth of the porcupine; the said forcing fingers are arranged to penetrate
between the circular. ranges of pins or teeth in the porcupine, so as to force
the short tufts. of. fibres to enter. the comb and to keep them there until they
are seized by the drawing rollers.
Fourthly, we use revolving brushes acting in the broken lines of gills...
This apparatus is composed of several brushes with stud pins at their. ex-

page_text: tremities to allow them to revolve freely and present their bristles downwards;
and penetrate into the pins carrying the fibres with them. The brushes in
descending also come in contact with the pins of the. feeding porcupine, so as
to keep them constantly clean and prevent the formation of laps.
This Invention will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
:
Fig. 1 is a longitudional or side elevation of the machine or apparatus
commonly called a gill-box, with our improvements applied thereto; and
Fig. 2 is a longitudional section of the same.
A represents the framework; B, the shaft and driving pullies; c, c¹, c², c³,
the gear wheels for transmitting or communicating motion to the various parts
of the machine; D, the feeding apron or endless cloth, for feeding or supplying
the fibrous materials to the fluted or feed rollers D1, D2, in the ordinary
manner; D³ is a porcupine 'comb with its teeth or points turned towards the
points of the gill-combs; D are rollers carrying an endless cloth, which causes
the short tufts to enter the teeth of the porcupine comb. These rollers may
be employed without the endless cloth, but we prefer the cloth thereon; E are
the gill combs or fallers, driven by screws E', E2, in the ordinary manner. E³
is one of the saddles or beds for supporting the fallers, the ends of which slope
or are inclined, forming broken lines, determining the direction of the fallers,
so that the teeth or points thereof will enter and leave the fibrous substances
gradually. The teeth of the fallers skimming or passing in close contact with
the porcupine comb take the fibrous substances therefrom, which moving at a
greater speed than the porcupine produce a strong draught thereon; and, to
prevent any floats or short fibres from being carried back with the porcupine, a
series of brushes F, are suspended on arms F, and caused to revolve about on
a shaft Fs, making the same or equal surface speed as the travel of the fallers,
and which also press the fibrous substances into the teeth of the said fallers in
a nearly vertical direction, and leave in a similar manner after travelling with
them. Sometimes we employ a curved knife or comb F³, instead of the
brushes, to strip the short fibres from the porcupine comb. G is another
porcupine comb placed betwixt the gills and the drawing rollers, which receives
and conducts with a slight draught the fibrous substances from the former to
the latter; G¹ is a bar hinged to the framing and extending the width of the
machine, carrying a series of blades or fingers G³, which enter betwixt the rows
or circular ranges of teeth of the porcupine, and press the short tufts of fibres
into the teeth, and keep them there until seized by the drawing rollers H. Or
we employ a series of circular blades mounted upon a rotary spindle G³, sup-
ported in slide brackets and pressed. by springs or weights, which blades enter

page_text: betwixt the rows of teeth of the porcupine, and press the tufts into the teeth.
Hand H are the ordinary endless cloths for receiving the fibre and forming
the lap, which in finishing gills are substituted by cans, balling-heads, or other
usual means.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be performed or carried into practice, we
would have it understood that we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the
precise details of arrangement of apparatus as herein set forth; but what we
claim as of our Invention, and which we believe to be new within this
realm, is,
Firstly, the application of a porcupine comb for feeding the gills of machinery
for preparing fibrous materials to be spun, in manner substantially as herein
described.
Secondly, the application to such combs of rollers with or without an endless
band or apron, for purposes as explained herein.
Thirdly, the constructing or forming the saddles or beds of the gills or
fallers in broken lines, or with inclines, for purposes as set forth.
Fourthly, the application of a porcupine comb betwixt the gills and drawing
rollers, with pressing fingers or pressing blades entering betwixt the teeth
thereof, as explained.
Fifthly, the construction, arrangement, and application of dabbing brushes
or curved knife to preparing machines, in manner and for purposes as herein
described.
Sixthly, the combination of the several parts or apparatus, substantially as
herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Auguste Duriez, Fils, and Sidney Emsley,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
AUGUSTE DURIEZ, FILS. (L.S.)
SIDNEY EMSLEY.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Auguste Duriez, Fils,
and Sidney Emsley, in the presence
of
W. TASKER, Patent, Agent,
Halifax
(L.S.)