Improvements in Treating Crude Cotton-seed Oil, and Oils Con- taining Resinous Matter and Free Fatty Acids, to Obtain Oil, Soap, and Resinous Colouring Matter.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 4th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Treating Crude Cotton-seed Oil, and Oils Con-
taining Resinous Matter and Free Fatty Acids, to Obtain Oil,
Soap, and Resinous Colouring Matter.
I RICHARD HUNT of 19 Old Hall Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the invention is to treat cotton seed and like oils in a simple and
efficient manner so as to obtain practically all the oil in a clear sweet condition free
from resinous matter fatty acids and other impurities, and also to obtain the fatty
acids in the form of light coloured soap requiring little or no bleaching, and the
resinous matter in a condition readily available for use as a pigment or otherwise.
Under my invention I first intimately and forcibly mix together crude oil and
water at a temperature of 60° to 90° F. I find it is advantageous to use two parts of
oil to one of water, and that the mixing is thoroughly effected by running the water
and oil in two streams into a very rapidly revolving basin contained within a vessel,
and having a narrow annular or horizontal slit or way through which the oil and
water are forcibly projected in thin films against the surface of the vessel.
Second. I add to the emulsive mixture of oil and water one half to one per cent. of caustic
soda, and about one per cent. of common salt, and I agitate the mixture and raise the
temperature to about 110° F. The mixture is then left to settle, after which the said
oil is separated by decantation or otherwise from the chemical and precipitate.
Third. The oil is then mixed in the manner set forth under the first part with
about half its bulk of a caustic solution of 4° to 5° T. containing from one half to one
per cent. of common salt at a temperature of about 110° F. The mixture is then
allowed to settle, and the oil which rises to the top is decanted or otherwiso
removed from the chemical and precipitate. The said oil may be washed if
desired.
Fourth. From the chemical and precipitate under the second and third parts the
soap is extracted by centrifugal action, and the residue contains the resinous colouring
matter.
Dated this Eighth day of November 1889.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Treating Crude Cotton-seed Oil, and Oils Con-
taining Resinous Matter and Free Fatty Acids, to Obtain Oil,
Soap, and Resinous Colouring Matter.
I RICHARD HUNT of 19 Old Hall Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of the invention is to treat cotton seed, and like oils, in a simple
and efficient manner so as to obtain practically all the oil in a clear sweet
condition, free from resinous matter, free fatty acids and other impurities; and also
to obtain the said fatty acids in the form of soap requiring little or no bleaching,
and the resinous matter in a condition readily available for use as a pigment, dye, or
colouring matter.
Under my invention I first intimately and forcibly mix together crude oil and

page_text: water at a temperature from 60° to 160° F. I find it is advantageous to use two
parts of oil to one of water, and that the action required, and the mixing are
thoroughly effected by running the water and oil in two streams into a very rapidly
revolving basin contained within a vessel and having a narrow annular or horizontal
slit or way through which the oil and water are forcibly projected in thin films against
the surface of the vessel; other suitable forms of centrifugal machines may be used.
When the oil and water are in about the proportions above stated, or when the water
is in a greater ratio I find it advantageous to allow the emulsive mixture to stand for
soine hours, say 12 or upwards, and to drain off some of the water before treatment
under the second part.
Second. I add to the emulsive mixture of oil and water from one-half of one per
cent. to one and a half per cent. of caustic soda, and about one per cent. of common
salt say from one half to two and a half per cent., and I agitato the mixture, and raise
the temperature to about 110° F., say not exceeding 160° F. or the temperature may
be raised before the caustic soda and salt is added.
The mixture is then left to settle, after which the said oil is separated by decantation
or otherwise from the chemical and precipitate.
Third. The oil is then mixed in the manner set forth under the first part with about
half of its bulk, preferably with about one third of its bulk, of a caustic soda solution
of from 4° to 5° T. containing from one half of one per cent. to one per cent. of
common salt at a temperature of about 110° F. to 125° F. and is afterwards raised in
temperature to say from 130° F. to 160° F.
The mixture is then allowed to settle, and the oil which rises to the top is
decanted or otherwise removed from the chemical and precipitate. The said oil inay
be washed if desired.
Fourth. From the chemical and precipitate under the second and third parts the
soap is extracted by centrifugal action or by allowing the soap to rise to the top.
After the soap has been removed the residue contains the resinous colouring matter.
Instead of caustic soda, caustic potash, or carbonates of soda and potash may be
used in corresponding proportions to those above given.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. Treating crude cotton seed and like oils by intimately mixing the same with
water, adding to the mixture caustic soda, common salt, agitating the mixture, raising
the temperature, and separating substantially as set forth.
Second. Treating the oil obtained from crude cotton seed, or like oil, substantially
as set forth under the first and second parts by mixing the said oil with a caustic soda
solution containing common salt, raising the temperature, and separating substantially
as set forth under the third part.
Third. Separating soap from colouring matter contained in the residual solutions
under the second and third parts substantially as set forth under the fourth part.
Dated this Sixth day of August 1890.
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