Improvements in Springs.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Springs.
We, WILLIAM CORTEEN of 33 Dudley Road Walsall in the County of
Stafford Coach Body Builder ARTHUR HUGH ADCOCK of Temple Row
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Solicitor and JOSEPH BIRCH of Stafford
Street Walsall aforesaid Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of our
said invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object improvements in springs which are suitable for
carriages and vehicles generally and other such like purposes which are easily made
and are practically noiseless in their action besides being less liable to derangement
and wear than those now used.
In making our new spring in its simplest form we take a length or strip of steel
shaped to the necessary thickness at its various parts to suit the desired purpose
required and we then bend it at the middle of its length into a bow or gentle curve
the sides passing outwards towards the ends with a double O. G. curve and at each
end with an outward or inward curl to form an eye of sufficient size to receive and
embrace a disc of india rubber with a hole through its centre and this rubber disc
or tube is sufficiently.long to project a little beyond the width of the spring. The
two ends are held flexibly together by two links and two bolts but the india rubber
prevents metal coming in contact with metal when the bolts are screwed up.
Wood or other packing pieces are used between the body of the vehicle or other
article for the connection and also above the axle or axle bearing. A stronger or
duplex spring may be made by carrying round an internal strip of metal in a
similar shape but a distance from the outer one with a bow at each end the junction
of the strip being made with a dovetail or tongue or link and wood or other.
packing is interposed between the top and bottom to keep the two portions apart
and to unite the parts into sympathetic connection with each other. For single
end or half springs the one piece or strip may end at the wider portion of the
spring and be united by a thinner or lighter portion bending over or inside the
ends and projecting internally along the length and turning into a bow a rivet
or rivets or bolt or bolts passing through the ends to secure them together.
These may be united to the vehicles or other articles by pads of wood or other
material.
Dated this 01st day of Santambar 1806
GEORGE BARKER,
77 Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.
Improvements in Springs.
We, WILLIAM CORTEEN of 33 Dudley Road, Walsall, in the County of
Stafford Coach Body Builder and ARTHUR HUGH ADCOCK of Temple Row,
Birmingham in the County of Warwick,! Solicitor and JoOSEPH BIRCH of

page_text: Stafford Street Walsall, aforsaid, Carriage Builder do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention has for its object improvements in springs which are suitable for
carriages and vehicles generally and other such like purposes which are easily made
and are practically noiseless in their action besides being less liable to derangment
and wear than those now used.
In making our new spring in its simplest form we take a length or strip of steel
shaped to the necessary thickness at its various parts to suit the desired purpose
required and we then hend it at the middle of its length into a bow or gentle curve
the sides passing onwards towards the ends with a double O. G curve and terminating
at each end with an outward or inward curl to form an eye of sufficient size to
receive and embrace a disc of india-rubber with a hole through its centre and this
rubber disc or tube is sufficiently long to project a little beyond the width of the
spring. The two ends are held flexibly together by two links and two bolts but
the india-rubber prevents metal coming in contact with metal when the bolts are
serewed up. Wood or other packing pieces are used between the body of the
vehicle or other article for the connection and also above the axle or axle bearing.
A stronger or duplex spring may be made by curving round an internal strip of
metal in a similar shape but a distance from the outer one with a bow at each end
the junction of the strip being made with a dovetail or tongue or link and wood or
other packing is interposed between the top and bottom to keep the two portions
apart and to unite the parts into sympathetic connection with each other. For
single end or half springs the one piece or strip may end at the wider portion of
the spring and be united by a thiner or lighter portion bending over or inside the
ends and projecting internally along the length and turning into a bow or rivet or
rivets or bolt or bolts passing through the ends to secure them together. These
may be united to the vehicles or other articles by pads of wood or other
material.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practical effect we have appended hereunto a double sized sheet of drawings
upon which we have illustrated several examples of our springs which will be
sufficient to enable others to apply the invention to the various vehicles whether
light or heavy that may be met with in practice.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a spring made according to our invention from
one strip or piece of metal.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of a double spring made from two strips or pieces of
metal at any rate as regards the spring or active portions.
Figure 3 is an elevation of a one ended spring suitable for various parts in the
building of vehicles.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of a similar one ended spring to Figure 3 but
giving an example of one of the many variations possible in the general curves and
configuration with similar effect.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are all broken-off plans of some of the modes of abutting the
ends of the strip B together.
In making our springs in the simplest form such as is seen at Figure 1 we take
a strip of metal such as spring steel A which may be rolled or forged thicker at
the centre parts as shown or it may be of equal thickness throughout in some cases
and we bend it into a circle at a¹ and a hollowing inwards at a², a³ and outwards
to a, a and inwards again at a', a finishing at the middle with a convenient
bow at a. In the ends we generally insert the rubber pads R having the holes
and the ends are connected by the link L by bolts or rivets passing through the
holes and r². The rubber pads we prefer to be a little thicker or longer than the
width of the spring so that the link or links L may not come in actual contact with
the metal of the spring.
The double spring shown by Figure 2 has the supplemental or inner part B

page_text: which is bent round into a such like form as there seen the two ends meeting at the-
top or bottom at 6' the junction being made in a such like manner as shown by
Figures 5, 6, and 7 at 62, 63 or 6' which in each case has the effect of keeping the
two ends flush with each other and prevents side movement. The wood or other
pads W may be introduced between the outer spring A and the inner one B as well
as the plate P at the junction of the ends or the plate P may be in the form of a
link Las seen at Figure 6 and the heads of the bolts K which hold the two springs
together may be covered by pads of wood or other material W as a junction.
between the body or other part and the springs as will be well understood by
carriage builders.
The simple ended springs shown by Figures 3 and 4 are both made from two
pieces of spring steel or other metal the outer portion E being bent into a bow e¹
at the centre of its length and terminating at the ends e³, e. The inner portion F
is also bent into a bow f' at the centre of its length terminating at each end ƒ³
and forming the end bows f, f and the inner spring F is united to the inner
spring E by rivets or bolts K as shown. The difference between the example
Fig. 4 & Fig. 3 is not very marked but serves to show how these springs may be
rendered more or less flexible by the variation in configuration without departing
from the principle of the invention.
It will he observed that springs made according to our invention may be
cleaned in all their parts without difficulty and that water could not easily lodge
on or about or between them as is the case with the carriage springs now in use
and which deteriorate by rust very rapidly. The simplicity of the construction of
our new springs will also be observed as well as the uncomplicated nature of
them and consequent cheapness besides their compactness and adaptability to almost
any requirement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. The improvements in springs for carriages and other vehicles substantially
as herein set forth and as shown upon the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Second. The vehicle spring shown by Figure 1 made from one strip or piece A
of metal and united by links L or their equivalent and as set forth.
Third. The vehicle spring shown by Figure 2 consisting of the outer part A and
the inner part B in combination with such like fittings as shown and explained in
regard to Figures 2, 5, 6 and 7.
Fourth. The one ended springs shown by Figures 3 and 4 consisting of the outer-
part E and the inner part F substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1896.
GEORGE BARKER,
77 Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.