An Apparatus for Inducing Artificial Respiration.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Apparatus for Inducing Artificial Respiration.
I, EUGENE LOUIS DOYEN, M.D., of 5, Rue Cotta, Reims, (Marne), France, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an apparatus for inducing artificial respiration, and it
consists of a double chambered bellows provided with a rotary distributing valve
which permits the lungs to be inflated with oxygen (from a suitable vessel or
reservoir) or deflated, and the vitiated air ejected therefrom, a flexible tube con-
necting the bellows with the wind-pipe of the patient.
These bellows are divided into two compartments by means of a longitudinal
diaphragm or partition of supple material, and said compartments are provided
with means of communication either with each other, or one with the atmosphere
and the other with the vessel containing oxygen, according as the bellows are being
used for inducing respiration, or as an injector, or as an ejector, of air into, or
from, the lungs.
The valve, actuated by a link or slotted plate hinged to the top board of the
bellows, regulates the flow of the oxygen into one of the compartments, as well as
the emission of vitiated air from the other compartment. Said valve may advan-
tageously consist of two discs, one fixed and provided with ports or openings com-
municating with the chambers, the other movable about a central axis and having
similar ports or openings adapted to communicate severally, or conjointly, with
the openings in the fixed disc. The movable disc is provided with a handle or
lever, working in a slot in the aforesaid link, for reversing the action of the valve.
One of the valve ports is fitted with a tube to which is attached a flexible connec-
tion with the oxygen reservoir. The movable disc is further provided with springs
so arranged as to cause the valve to return always to its central position.
The link for actuating the valve may be made adjustable to enable the stroke
of the bellows to be regulated.
Another valve, preferably of disc form, and adapted to be opened and closed by
hand, establishes, or closes, communication between the chambers in the bellows
when inflating the lungs with oxygen.
The apparatus will be found useful in cases of drowning, or asphyxiation.

page_text: An Apparatus for inducing Artincial Respiration.
I, EUGENE LOUIS DOYEN, M.D., of 5, Rue Cotta, Reims, (Marne), France, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters
and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
This invention relates to an apparatus specially devised for inducing artificial
respiration, but applicable also for inflating or deflating the lungs.
The said apparatus consists of a double chambered bellows provided with a rotary
distributing valve which, by a simple movement of the handles of the bellows,
causes the lungs to become deflated and the vitiated air to be withdrawn there-
from, and oxygen, supplied from a suitable receiver, to be introduced.
And in order that my invention may be readily understood, I will describe the
same fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus.
Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are detail views, in plan, of the distributing valve.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of this valve.
Fig. 6 shews diagrammatically the connections between the three lower orifices
of the valve and the bellows.
Fig. 7 is a detail view of the slotted plate or link for operating the distributing
valve.
The bellows consists essentially of two boards a and b connected together at
front by a suitable hinge c, and at the sides and rear by the usual leather. Said
bellows are divided longitudinally into two compartments by means of a flexible
diaphragm or partition fixed to the boards a and b by means of wooden strips d,
one of which is shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1.
The distributing valve V (hereinafter called distributor) consists mainly of two
superposed brass discs mounted on an axis carried in a bracket fixed to the board b.
The inner disc M (see Fig. 5) is provided with 5 orifices and is mounted loose on
the axis; in front of it and sliding upon it, with slight friction, is the other dise
which is of the same size and is keyed to the axis; it has two channels, as shewn
in dotted lines Fig. 2. The axis carries at its outer end a lever e; two helical springs
are arranged on each side of the upper half circumference of the distributor and
abuts against a pin or stud S at the median point. At right angles to the lever e
is another lever which terminates in a hook T, and, in the position I (Fig. 2) comes
opposite the pin or stud S. If the lever e be moved from this position into that
shewn in Figs. 3 or 4, it will be returned thereto, together with the disc keyed on
its axis, by one or other of the above mentioned helical springs, to its position of
rest opposite the pin or stud S. which stops the two springs simultaneously at the
median point.
It will be seen that in this position of rest (Fig. 2) there is no communication
between the orifices 0, 1, 2, Ex, whereas, by turning the lever through 30° in one
or other direction, one of the positions indicated in Figs. 3 and 4 is obtained.
These changes are arrived at automatically through the simple to and fro move-
ment of the bellows handles, by means of the link f which is fixed, by means of a
hinge, to the board a, and the action of which is clearly shewn in Fig. 7.
The changes of position of the distributor V are effected at the ends of the stroke
of the bellows.
Position II (Fig. 3) of the distributor is brought about by the separation of the
handles, so establishing communication on the one hand between 0 (connection
with the oxygen vessel) and 1 (orifice communicating with compartment 1 of the

page_text: bellows) and, on the other hand, between 2 (orifice communicating through a
channel in the board 6 (Fig. 6) with compartment 2) and P (orifice connected by a
flexible tube in the interior of the compartment 1 with the board a wherein is the
corresponding outer orifice R to which is connected the tube leading to the trachea
of the patient).
Position III (Fig. 4) of the distributor, attained by bringing the handles to-
gether, establishes communication between 1 and P, and between 2 and Ex
(orifice opening into the outer air).
Under these conditions the working of the apparatus is as follows:-
1. The handles being separated, oxygen then enters the compartment 1, while
compartment 2 draws the vitiated air out of the lungs.
2. The handles being drawn together, oxygen is forced into the lungs from
compartment I, whilst the vitiated air is driven out into the atmosphere.
The slotted link f may be formed in two parts, sliding one on the other and
fixed by a set screw so as to be adjustable in length for permitting the stroke of
the bellows to be more or less limited, but any other adjustable device may be
used for the purpose.
A graduated scale on the link findicates the effective
capacity of the receivers, which may vary between and 1 litres.
The apparatus besides being used for effecting complete artificial respira-
tion, can also be employed for inflating the respiratory organs, or for simply ex-
hausting the gases contained in the lungs. To this end, two other openings A and
I, shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1, are provided in the board a, that marked A being
fitted with a suction or inlet valve, and the other with an exhaust valve. They are
covered by a disc h which turns about the axis & and keeps them both closed when
the apparatus is being used as previously described. But when it is to be used
like an ordinary bellows, or as an exhauster, the link f is folded back on its hinge
so as to retain the distributor V in the position I. The disc h is then turned so as
to close the orifice R and open the orifices A and I. During the rotary movement
of the disc h, the portion m of the dividing strip dis displaced so as to allow com-
munication between the compartments 1 and 2. If now it be desired to inflate
the lungs it is only necessary to connect the trachea with the orifice I whereupon
the bellows will take in air at A and deliver it into the lungs through I.
If, however, it be required to withdraw gases from the lungs, or from the pleural
cavity, the suction tube is connected to the orifice A.
The simplicity of this apparatus renders it indispensible for use in life saving
stations for drowned or axphixiated persons.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. An apparatus for inducing artificial respiration, consisting of a bellows having
two independent chambers capable of being brought into communication with
each other, provided with a distributing valve arranged to be operated by a slotted
link, and with a pivoted disc adapted to close certain orifices while opening others,
substantially as described.
2. In apparatus as above claimed, a bellows having a distributing valve formed
by two superposed discs, one fixed, the other movable about an axis common to
both, and springs for keeping the movable disc in its position of rest, and which
disc has two grooves in it, while the fixed disc has five orifices, substantially as
described.
3. In apparatus as above claimed, a bellows having a slotted link for limiting
its stroke, in combination with a lever on the axis of the distributing valve, and
which lever is adapted to effect the change of position of such valve at the ends of
the stroke of the bellows, substantially as described.
4. In apparatus as above claimed, the arrangement of a disc (h) which on being
rotated opens two orifices while closing a third and, at the same time, establishes
communication between the two compartments of the bellows, substantially as
described.

page_text: 5. My improved apparatus for inducing artificial respiration, substantially as
hereinbefore described and shewn in the annexed drawings.
Dated this 18th day of April 1898.
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 5A, Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.