AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE FINISHING OF PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Morris, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Printer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE FINISHING OF PRINTED SHEETS OF
PAPER."
Sealed the 24th November 1868, and dated the 27th May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Morris at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th May 1868.
I, JAMES MORRIS, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Printer,
5 do, hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF AND, APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE FINISHING OF PRINTED SHEETS
OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
'
My improved method of finishing printed sheets of paper, whether
such sheets are of ordinary sizes or in the lengths known as webs, consists
in passing them immediately after they leave the printing machine, or

page_text: as soon thereafter as may be convenient, through, between, and in direct
contact with rotating or rocking rolls heated or otherwise, such rolls
being kept clean by direct application to the surfaces thereof of whiting
or other powdery substance, and rubbing or friction.
In carrying my Invention into practical operation, when one modifica-
tion of a pair of rotating smooth rolls are employed, I support the rolls.
in a strong frame and gear them by toothed wheels, tightening screws,
springs, or other means being employed to bring and keep them close
together. When required steam is supplied through the axis of one or of
both to heat them, or other means for heating may be adopted. A frame
containing the whiting or other powder is placed alongside one or both of
the said rolls, so that the damp impression left from the printed sheet
or any moist deposit shall be coated automatically all over with the
said powder. Beyond the powder frame, and also in contact with the
rolls, I place intercepting or friction means or mechanism to rub or
wipe off the pulverulent matter composed of the ink and powder
adhering thereto. The said intercepting or friction means or mechanism
consists of stationary pads, or pads to which a lateral or other rubbing
motion is given, or rotating buffing wheels or other suitable means or.
mechanism.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Morris in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
MORRIS, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Printer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Morris, Her special license that I, the
said James Morris, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Morris, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and

page_text: lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
FACILITATING THE FINISHING OF PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Morris, my executors and adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Morris, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My improved method of finishing printed sheets of paper, whether
such sheets are of ordinary sizes or in the lengths known as webs, or in
the form of cards or slips, consists in passing them immediately after
they leave the printing machine, or as soon thereafter as may be con-
venient, through, between, and in direct contact with rotating or rocking
rolls heated or otherwise, such rolls being kept clean by direct applica-
tion to the surfaces thereof of whiting or other powdery substance, and
rubbing or friction.
In carrying my Invention into practical operation, when one modifica-
tion of a pair of rotating smooth rolls are employed, I support the rolls
in a strong frame and gear them by toothed wheels, tightening screws,
springs, or other means being employed to bring and keep them close
together. When required steam is supplied through the axis of one or
of both to heat them, or other means for heating may be adopted.
A frame containing the whiting or other powder is placed alongside one
or both of the said rolls, so that the damp impression left from the
printed sheet or any moist deposit shall be coated automatically all over
with the said powder. Beyond the powder frame, and also in contact
with the rolls, I place intercepting or friction means or mechanism to
rub or wipe off the pulverulent matter composed of the ink and powder
adhering thereto. The said intercepting or friction means or mechanism
consists of stationary pads, or pads to which a lateral or other rubbing

page_text: motion is given, or rotating buffing wheels or other suitable means or
mechanism.
4.4.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, which I have attached that
one modification of apparatus suitable for finishing paper of different
thicknesses may be clearly seen and understood, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal
elevation, and Fig. 2 a transverse section. In both of these views like
letters denote the same parts.
a is 'the supporting frame; b, the finishing rolls geared together by
toothed wheels c, driven from any convenient or available power; d,"
spring adjustable by the screw e for giving more or less pressure to the
paper or pasteboard cards fed to such rolls from the feed board f;
9, boxes containing whiting, French chalk, or other powdery, preferably
finely divided, substance; h, stationary pads for intercepting the powder
coated ink impressions; i, knives for cleaning off any adhering matter.
not removed by h; j, rubbing pads; these are made to partake of a
lateral movement by the cams k, the ends of j being fitted with studs
and bowls.
It will be obvious that in practice the rolls may be made to rotate
continuously or only to rock, and that the surfaces of the rolls, although
they would ordinarily require to be perfectly smooth, may be fluted or
otherwise formed the one to fit into the other, so that thereby any
desired embossed pattern may be given to the paper.
The spring d, shewn on the Drawings, is more particularly suitabe in
machines for ordinary jobbing work where cards as well as paper have
to be finished. When, however, sheets or webs of paper of ordinary
trade sizes have to be finished it is preferable to employ two adjusting
screws acting directly on the bearings of the rolls.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and par-
ticularized the same by practicable details, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the exact mechanism herein-before
described and shewn on the Drawings, as many modifications may be
made, as an instance, I may repeat that rotating pads or rolls, or rolls or
pads with any desired motion could be used; what I claim is,―
First. Finishing printed sheets of paper by passing them between
rotating or moving rolls, the surfaces of which move in contact with

page_text: whiting or other powdery substance, and are cleaned by stationary or
movable pads.
And, second. The mechanism herein described and shewn on the
Drawings, or any equivalent therefor, for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Morris, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
In the presence of
JOHN T. KING,
Patent Agent,
Liverpool.
JAMES MORRIS. (L.S.)