Improvements in Machines and Appliances for Rolling and Swaging Metal Rods.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 24th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines and Appliances for Rolling and Swaging
Metal Rods.
We, GEORGE DENIS ROLAND BUNTING, and ALEXANDER ROBERT BUNTING,
both of County Steel Works, Arundel Lane, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to the manner in which we construct and arrange
machines and appliances for rolling and swaging metal rods, whereby we are enabled
to reduce the diameter of the rod in the centre and to extend it in length without
decreasing the diameter of the ends when so desired, while we roll or swage down
the rods from one diameter to another operating upon the whole length of the wire
or rod at the same time.
In carrying our invention into effect when arranging a mill or machine in one
convenient manner for swaging or rolling down rods in the centre, while preserving
the ends of the original diameter of the rods, such rods being suitable for spokes
and for other purposes, we mount a hollow roll having gudgeons within suitable
bearings, and we give motion to this roll preferably by means of teeth arranged
upon the outer surface of the central portion of the roll, and into which works a
pinion driven from a motion shaft by gearing or belting. We arrange within this
hollow roll another plain cylindrical or solid roll, of a diameter less than that of
the hollow roll through which it passes, and we provide the bearings upon each
framework of the mill or machine in such form, preferably adjustable, as will
enable the solid roll to be in the position of an eccentric when within the inner
annular roll. We cause the position of this solid roll to be such in its mountings
that at one side there shall be a space between the two rolled surfaces sufficient to
enable the full diameter of the rod to be operated upon to pass through without
being touched by either roll, while at the other side we so place our rolls that the
rod shall be reduced in diameter when passing at the narrowest point, to a degree
determined in accordance with the particular requirements or purposes for which
the rod is to be used. The swaging or rolling out process is performed gradually
from the greater distance position to the lesser distance position, and from the lesser
position the rod will be carried round and may be withdrawn at the open or
entrance position again. We may also if desired form our outer roll in segments
so placed as to act as levers or swages to give a similar action to that produced by
the outer or annular roll before described.
We prefer to mount upon the main spindle or shaft carrying the solid roll, a
gauge plate, or separating bar, in the form of a table or circular disc plate which
revolves with the roll or is stationary and fastened by a set screw or other fastening
fixed to a loose collar on a shaft, this plate serving the purpose of a support for
the rod and also a gauge for determining the amount of enlarged end which is to be
maintained. We give motion to the outer roll or hollow annular roll by the medium
of gearing driven from ordinary fast and loose pulleys, or by means of a clutch or
other well known disengaging device for enabling motion to be transmitted from a
revolving shaft; and we convey the motion from the pinion shaft which drives the
annular roll to give motion to the inner or solid roll, arranging suitable bearings
and supports together with the proportionate wheels for enabling the shaft with its
solid roll to travel at any desired speed, either in the same direction or in the
opposite direction to that of the outer annular roll.
Driving gears by belting may be used instead. of.gear wheels if it be desired to
use belts.

page_text: In another form of machine which we sometimes construct, we adopt the same
essential feature of a revolving inner roll mounted eccentrically with an outer or
annular ring, but we keep this ring stationary allowing only the solid roll to
revolve; or when so desired we make the ring alone the revolving wheel, the solid
shaft remaining stationary. We employ sliding bearings or adjustable screw
supports for carrying our roll or rolls within the framework of our machine or mill
for permitting any variation in the extent or nature of the swaging to be provided
for.
We construct a simple form of swaging mill or roll in another manner by
mounting a revolving solid roll between bearings, having its motion conveyed to it
any ordinary manner and having adjustable bearings provided within the frame-
-work or housings of the mill, while a stationary block is mounted in which an
eccentrically formed bed is provided for the revolving roll to pass through, this bed
being arranged in such a manner that at the upper portion where the wire rod
enters through a suitable feeding slide hopper or guide, the distance between the
surfaces of the revolving roll and the mouth of the fixed swaging bed is sufficient
for the full diameter of the rod to freely enter, while as the rod is carried in a
gradually diminishing space it is swaged or rolled out up to the point at which it
is delivered at the opposite side on to a ledge where it automatically falls away.
This block we mount upon a bed plate and provide it with adjustable holding down
bolts, or screws, working through a fixed headstock so as to enable the block to be
drawn in or out to suit any desired extent of swaging which is to be produced upon
the rod.
Sometimes we arrange our fixed block in the form of a nest of rollers which are
free to revolve when the rod is carried through by the action of the revolving solid
roll these rollers being mounted in suitable end bearings provided with the necessary
caps and keeps for securing them in position.
We swage our rods down in a simple manner by sometimes forming rolls of a
peculiar shape, the one edge being parallel while the other opposite edge or surface
is in the form of an obtuse angled cone, and we cause this peculiarly shaped roll to
revolve in conjunction with a similarly shaped companion roll, so that the wire or
rod will be gripped and rolled out by the ever decreasing space between the two
rolls, which are mounted and geared in such a manner as to ensure that the two
extremes shall meet together.
Instead of employing a circular roll to work in conjunction with a decreasing
path which may be either of a fixed or revolving character, we sometimes make a
reciprocating rolling or swaging machine in the form of a pair of plates, one plate
being arranged at an inclination to the other so that at one end of the plate the full
diameter of the rod may freely enter, but at the other it will be delivered,
rolled out, or swaged down, owing to its having been forced through the
diminishing space between the two surfaces. We give motion to one plate by
means of a connecting rod and link, or by means of an eccentric and rod worked
from any convenient motion shaft, and we provide for the moving roller plate
suitable guides or slide frames for enabling the same to properly work. The
bottom or stationary or moving table plate we make adjustable so as to vary
the degree of rolling or swaging to suit any particular requirement. The bottom
table may also be moveable in an opposite direction to the top table if required.
We do not limit the application of our improvements hereinbefore described
for swaging or 'rolling down any particular rod or metal, neither do we limit
the construction of the machine and apparatus to any particular type or
entablature, or framing, which may contain the rollers or the blocks, but we
modify the method of operating and mounting the same to suit any particular
requirement.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1892

page_text: Improvements in Machines and Appliances for Rolling and Swaging
Metal Rods.
We, GEORGE DENIS ROLAND BUNTING and ALEXANDER ROBERT BUNTING,
both of County Steel Works, Arundel Lane, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has reference to the manner in which we construct and arrange
machines and appliances for rolling and swaging metal rods, whereby we are enabled
to reduce the diameter of the rod in the centre and to extend it in length without
decreasing the diameter of the ends when so desired, while we roll or swage down
the rods from one diameter to another operating when so desired upon the whole
length of the wire or rod at the same time.
In the three accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of one form of our machine, and Figure 2 is a detail
plan of our rolls when the hollow roll is stationary upon the machine.
In carrying our invention into effect when arranging a mill or machine in one
convenient manner for swaging or rolling down rods in the centre, while preserving
the ends of the original diameter of the rods, such rods being suitable for
spokes and for other purposes, we mount a stationary hollow roll A Fig. 2 having
gudgeons or carriers a a held within suitable bearings, or mounted upon supports.
We arrange within this hollow roll another plain cylindrical or solid roll C,
of a diameter less than that of the hollow roll A through which it passes, and
we provide the bearings upon each framework of the mill or machine in such
form, preferably adjustable, as will enable the solid roll C to be in the position.
of an eccentric when within the inner annular roll A. We cause the position
of this solid roll to be such in its mountings that at one side there shall be a
space between the two roll surfaces sufficient to enable the full diameter of
the rod to be operated upon to pass through without being touched by either
roll, while at the other side C2 we. so place our rolls that the rod shall be
reduced in diameter when passing at the narrowest point, to a degree determined
in accordance with the particular requirements or purposes for which the rod is
to be used. The swaging or rolling out process is performed gradually from the
greater distance position C' to the lesser distance position C3, and from the lesser
position the rod will be carried round and may be withdrawn at the open or
entrance position again. We may also if desired form our outer roll in
segments so placed as to act as levers or swages to give a similar action to that
produced by the outer or annular roll.
When arranging our machine with both rolls to revolve as in Fig. 1 we prefer
to mount upon the main spindle or shaft O carrying the solid roll, a gauge
plate O, or distance separating bar, in the form of a table or circular disc
plate which revolves with the roll or is stationary and fastened by a set screw
or other fastening fixed to a loose collar on a shaft, this plate serving the purpose
of a support for the rod and also a gauge for determining the amount of
enlarged end which is to be maintained. We give motion to the outer roll or
hollow annular roll A by the medium of gearing A' B driven from ordinary
pulley G or from fast and loose pulleys, or by means of a clutch or other well-
known disengaging device for enabling motion to be transmitted from a revolving
shaft; and we convey the motion from the pinion shaft H by gearing K K' L L' M
to give motion to the inner or solid roll, arranging suitable bearings and supports N
together with the proportionate wheels for enabling the shaft O with its solid roll C

page_text: to travel at any desired speed, either in the same direction or in the opposite
direction to that of the outer annular roll A.
Driving gears by belting may be used instead of gear wheels if it be desired to
use belts.
In another form of machine which we sometimes construct, we adopt the same
essential feature of a revolving inner roll mounted eccentrically with an outer or
annular ring, but we keep this ring stationary allowing only the solid roll to
revolve; or when so desired we make the ring alone the revolving wheel, the solid
shaft remaining stationary. We employ sliding bearings or adjustable screw
supports for carrying our roll or rolls within the framework of our machine or mill
for permitting any variation in the extent or nature of the swaging to be provided
for.
We construct a simple form of swaging mill or roll in another manner as shown
in Figures 3 and 4 by mounting a revolving solid roll between bearings $ S',
having its motion conveyed to it in any ordinary manner and having adjustable
bearings provided within the framework or housings of the mill, while a stationary
block A³ is mounted in which an eccentrically formed bed AA is provided for
the revolving roll to pass through, this bed being arranged in such a manner that
at the upper portion A where the wire rod enters, sometimes through a suitable
feeding slide hopper or guide, the distance A' between the surfaces of the revolving
roll C and the mouth of the fixed swaging bed A³ is sufficient for the full diameter
of the rod to freely enter, while as the rod is carried in a gradually diminishing
space it is swaged or rolled out up to the point A at which it is delivered at the
opposite side on to. a ledge projection or table where it automatically falls away.
This block A we mount upon a bed plate P and provide it with adjustable holding
down_bolts, or screws R, working through a fixed headstock or bracket bosses or
nuts U so as to enable the block P to be drawn in or out to suit any desired extent
of swaging which is to be produced upon the rod.
Sometimes we arrange our fixed block in the form of a nest of rollers which are
free to revolve when the rod is carried through by the action of the revolving solid
roll these rollers being mounted in suitable end bearings provided with the necessary
caps and keeps for securing them in position.
Instead of employing a circular roll to work in conjunction with a decreasing
path which may be either of a fixed or revolving character, we sometimes make a
reciprocating rolling or swaging machine as shown in Figures 5 and 6, in the form
of a pair of plates, one plate V being arranged at an inclination to the other so
that at one end V2 of the plate the full diameter of the rod may freely enter, but
at the other V it will be delivered, rolled out, or swaged down, owing to its having
been forced through the diminishing space between the two surfaces.
We give
motion to one plate by means of a connecting rod W and link, or by means of an
eccentric and rod worked from any convenient motion shaft X, and we provide for
the, moving roller plate V' suitable guides Y Y' or slide frames for enabling the
same to properly work. We make one or both of the plates adjustable so as to
vary the degree of rolling or swaging to suit any particular requirement. The
bottom table may also be movable in an opposite direction to the top table if
required.
We do not limit the application of our improvements hereinbefore described for
swaging or rolling down any particular rod or metal, neither do we limit the
construction of the machine and apparatus to any particular type or entablature,
or framing, which may contain the rollers or the blocks, but we modify the method
of operating and mounting the same to suit any particular requirement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The construction and arrangement of swaging or rolling out machines and
appliances for reducing metal rods in the central portions while allowing the ends

page_text: of such rods to remain of the original diameter, substantially as bereinbefore
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a swaging or rolling mill or machine for operating upon metal rods so as
to leave the ends of their original size and diameter, the arrangement of an internal
or hollow roll with a solid or plain roll working within it of a less diameter,
substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3. In a swaging machine or mill for reducing the central portions of metal rods
while their ends are left unaffected, the combination of a travelling plate or table
with a fixed plate or table having a varying space between their rolling surfaces,
substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
4. In a swaging machine or mill for reducing the central portions of metal rods
while leaving the ends free and of the original diameter, the fixed block having a
circular path formed within it eccentrically to the roll which passes through it,
substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
D
1 1
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.