IMPROVEMENTS IN ADDARATHIS ADDLICABLE TO LOOKS FAR WEAVING FANCY FARRICS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Smith, of Longridge, near Preston, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ADDARATHIS ADDLICABLE TO LOOKS FAR WEAVING FANCY FARRICS"
Sealed the 31st August 1859, and dated the 22nd June 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
22nd June 1859.
I, ROBERT SMITH, of Longridge, near Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING FANCY FABRICS," to
be as follows:-
At each end of the loom, below the warp, I hinge or joint a support having
holes or bearings in which the ends of two bars of wood or other suitable
material are capable of moving or vibrating. The said bars are mounted with
any required number of needles or pins, over which I place a cord or thread,
in such manner that when the bars are partially turned and the needles raised,
the cord or thread is placed in a zig-zag or vandyke position between the warp
at the opening of the shed, so that it may be held or bound by one or more
picks, and afterwards beaten up, thus forming a fancy fabric, the pattern of
which can be varied to an indefinite extent. The two sets of needles are

page_text: raised simultaneously, either by means of handles on the bars, or by pulleys
encircled by cords connected to a lever, the return positions of the bars and
needles being obtained by springs or elastic bands.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st December 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
SMITH, of Longridge, near Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Robert Smith, Her, special licence that I, the said Robert
Smith, my, executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Robert Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING FANCY FABRICS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Smith, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in fixing or jointing a support at each end of the
loom below the warp, each support having holes.or bearings in which the ends
of two bars of wood or other suitable material are capable of moving or
vibrating. The said bars are mounted. with any required number of pins,
which act upon a cord or thread placed between the warps at the opening of

page_text: the shed, so that when the bars are partially turned and the pins .raised, the
cord or thread is placed in a zig-zag or vandyke position, and afterwards
beaten up, thus forming a fancy fabric, which can be, varied to, an, indefinite
extent by employing, a greater or less number of healds, and giving few or
many picks of weft. The two sets of pins are raised simultaneously, either
by means of handles on the bars, or by pulleys, encircled by.cords.connected
to one or more levers, the return position of the bars and pins, being obtained
by springs, elastic bands, or weights.
The manner in which my Invention is to be. performed will be clearly
understood by referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, with the
figures and letters thereon, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of part of an
ordinary hand loom, having my improvements attached; Fig. 2, an end
elevation of the same; and Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, are..detached
views of some of the working parts and modifications thereof.
à represents the framework of the loom; b, the yarn beam; c, the, clotli
beam; d, the healds; e; the warp; and.f, the batten or lathe. Below the
warp are the pins.g, for placing: a cord or thread passed between the open
shed in a zig-zagor vandyke position, as, seen in Fig. 5. The said pins are
attached to the bars h, which work or vibrate in the supports i, so that they
can be vertical, as seen in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8, and inclined downwards, as
seen in Figs. 4 and 6, the supports. being fixed to the framework of the loom,
as seen in Fig. 2, or hinged, as in Fig. 8, so as to be lowered when not in
use, as shewn by the dotted lines. Between the supports there is fixed a rod
or bar k, for the purpose of steadiness. The pins may be raised as. required
by operating upon the bars by a handle, or by connecting to them. pulleys 1,
which are encircled by cords m connected to one or more levers. In Figs. 1
and 2 the cords m are attached to a lever n, which is operated upon by con-
necting it with another cord o to a lever or handle p working on a pin fixed
to the batten or lathe. In Fig. 7 the bars are moved by placing on them
pulleys at both ends, the cords from which are attached to the levers or
treddles q, one at each side of the loom, for the convenience of moving the
pins without the necessity of the operative changing his position. In Fig. 9
the bars and pins are acted upon by means of compound levers. The bars
have pulleys, cords, and an under lever similar to those in Fig. 2, but the
under lever n is connected at the back by the cord r to an upper lever s,
which is again connected by the cord t to a handle or lever u working on a
pivot on the lathe or batten. In Fig. 10 the bars and pins are moved by
simply attaching the cords which encircle the pulleys to a single lever v,
working either on the lathe or batten, or in a support fixed to the framework.

page_text: These are a few of the modes of acting on the bars and pins, but it is
evident that the arrangement can be diversified to a great extent. When the
cord or thread between the warp has been placed as desired, and the operative
removes his hand from the lever or handle, the pins return to their lowest
"position, which movement is caused by means of elastic bands w, seen in
Figs. 5 and 6, one end of each being attached to the support, and the other to
one of the bars; but a similar return movement can be obtained, as shewn in
Fig. 11, by causing weights x or springs to act upon the inner parts of
separate pulleys y fixed to the bars h.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
distinctly. understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein
set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the
principle thereof; but I claim as my Invention, and which, to the best of my
knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm, the employ-
ment of pins working below the warp for placing a cord or thread passed
between the open shed in a zig-zag or vandyke position, and also the levers,
elastic bands, and weights for giving them motion, as such improvements are
herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Robert Smith, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
ROBERT SMITH. (L.S.)

page_text: En the Matter of Letters Patent granted to ROBERT SMITH, of Long-
ridge, near Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
on the Twenty-second day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-nine, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING FANCY FABRICS."
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
entered by the said Robert Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents for Inventions, pursuant to the Statute in that case made and
provided.
WHEREAS since the date of the said Letters Patent, and of the filing of
the Final Specification thereof, I have been advised that a part of my claim
therein is expressed so as to shew that I lay a special claim to the use or
employment of pins for acting upon a cord or thread passed between the open
shed in a zig-zag or vandyke position to form a fancy fabric, which special
claim for the use or employment of pins it was not my intention to. make, as
the body of my said Specification clearly shews; I am therefore desirous of
disclaiming the separate use or employment of such pins, as I know they have
been used before for the same or a similar purpose, but not with my improved
apparatus or arrangement: Now KNOW YE that by and with the licence and
consent of Her Majesty's Attorney-General, and for the reasons aforesaid, I do
hereby disclaim the separate and exclusive use of pins, and I hereby alter the

page_text: said Specification by omitting the parts struck out, and inserting the words
written in red ink in the copy of the same hereunder set forth, so that the said
Specification, when altered by my Disclaimer, shall be in the words, letters,
and figures following, that is to say :-
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
SMITH, of Longridge, near Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Robert Smith, her special licence that I, the said Robert Smith, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, 'from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING FANCY FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Robert Smith, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My Invention consists in fixing or jointing a support at each end of the
loom below the warp, each support having holes or bearings in which the ends
of two bars of wood or other suitable material are capable of moving or
vibrating. The said bars are mounted with any required number of pins,
which act upon a cord or thread placed between the warps at the opening of
the shed, so that when the bars are partially turned, and the pins raised, the
cord or thread is placed in a zig-zag or vandyke position, and afterwards beaten
up, thus forming a fancy fabric, which can be varied to an indefinite extent by
employing a greater or less number of healds, and giving few or many picks
of weft. The two sets of pins are raised simultaneously, either by means of
handles on the bars, or by pulleys encircled by cords connected to one or more

page_text: .
levers, the return position of the bars and pins being obtained by springs,
elastic bands, or weights.
The manner in which my Invention is to be performed will be clearly
understood by referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings with the
figures and letters thereon, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of part of an
ordinary hand loom having my improvements attached; Fig. 2, an end
elevation of the same, and Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, are detached
views of some of the working parts and modifications thereof.
a represents the framework of the loom; b, the yarn beam; c, the cloth
beam; d, the healds; e, the warp; and f, the batten or lathe. Below the warp
are the pins g, for placing a cord or thread passed between the open shed in à
zig-zag or vandyke position, as seen in Fig. 5. The said pins are attached to
the bars h, which work or vibrate in the supports i, so that they can be
vertical, as seen in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8, and inclined downwards, as seen in
Figs. 4 and 6, the supports being fixed to the framework of the loom, as seen
in Fig. 2, or hinged as in Fig. 8, so as to be lowered when not in use, as
shewn by the dotted lines. Between the supports there is fixed a rod or
bar k for the purpose of steadiness. The pins may be raised as required by
operating upon the bars by a handle, or by connecting to them pulleys 1,
which are encircled by cords m connected to one or more levers. In Figs. 1
and 2 the cords m are attached to a lever n, which is operated upon by con-
necting it with another cord o to a lever or handle p, working on a pin fixed
to the batten or lathe. In Fig. 7 the bars are moved by placing on them
pulleys at both ends, the cords from which are attached to the levers or
treddles q, one at each side of the loom for the convenience of moving the
pins without the necessity of the operative changing his position. In Fig. 9
the bars and pins are acted upon by means of compound levers. The bars
have pulleys, cords, and an under lever similar to those in Fig. 2, but the
under lever n is connected at the back by the cord r to an upper levers,
which is again connected by the cord t to a handle or lever u, working on a
pivot on the lathe or batten. In Fig. 10 the bars and pins are moved by
simply attaching the cords which encircle the pulleys to a single lever v,
working either on the lathe or batten, or in a support fixed to the framework.
These are a few of the modes of acting on the bars and pins, but it is
evident that the arrangement can be diversified to a great extent. When the
cord or thread between the warp has been placed as desired, and the operative
removes his hand from the lever or handle, the pins return to their lowest
position, which movement is caused by means of elastic bands w, seen in
Figs. 5 and 6, one end of each being attached to the support, and the other to

page_text: one of the bars; but a similar return movement can be obtained, as shewn in
Fig. 11, by causing weights a or springs to act upon the inner parts of separate
pulleys y, fixed to the bars: h.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I
desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise details herein set forth, as such may be varied-or-modified-without-depart-
ing from the principle-thereof, claim the separate or exclusive use of pins for placing
a cord or thread in a zig-zag or vandyke position in the open shed; but I
claim as my Invention, and which, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
has not been hitherto used within the realm, the use or employment of
levers, elastic bands, weights, or springs for giving motion to bars and pins
working below the warp threads, for placing a cord or thread passed between
the open shed in a zig-zag or vandyke position to produce fancy fabrics, and
also the levers, elastic bands, and weights for giving them motion, as such improve-
ments are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
ROBERT SMITH.
(L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Robert Smith, in
the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
To the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-named Robert Smith to
file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which the same
relates, the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration.
R. BETHELL.