IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Harrowby, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine Maker, Jeremiah Foulds, of the same Place, Overlooker;
and Alfred Harrowby, also of Bradford aforesaid, Machine Maker, for
Sealed the 3rd June 1864, and dated the 8th December 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Harrowby, Jere-
miah Foulds, and Alfred Harrowby at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th December 1863.
We, ROBERT HARROWBY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine
Maker, JEREMIAH FOULDS, of the same Place, Overlooker, and ALFRED
HARROWDY, also of Bradford aforesaid, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to means of working or operating the heddles or
healds, and in such manner as to produce what is known as a double shed,
also an even shed. The improvements consist of a pair of levers with
segment or sector ends applied to each heddle, one end of each lever being
provided with cogs so as to gear end to end in each other, the other end being
grooved to receive a cord, strap, or chain to be attached to the heddle. These

page_text: levers are hinged in or near their middle upon studs fixed to the top rail
of the loom, or to a plate or frame attached thereto. These levers vary or
are adjusted in length of arm from the stud or fulcrum to the end where the
heddles are attached, according to the thickness of heddle or the difference in
distance of the heddles respectively from front to back, or from the opening of
the shed. Motion is communicated to the said levers as and when required
by hooked rods, which are placed in position and caused to take on a lifting
bar by ordinary jacquard or peg-lag cylinder arrangement, and removed out
of contact by springs. A lever is hinged to the loom end, and which has a
to-and-fro motion communicated to it by means of a crank, cam, or tappet
operated by the crank or other suitable shaft. In this lever is a cam slot
hole which works a stud and friction pulley fixed to the lifting-bar lever.
This cam slot hole is so formed as to give intermittent reciprocating motion
to the lifting-bar lever. Or an equivalent motion may be produced by a
suitably formed cam fixed on the crank shaft, or by a cam slot hole or
an inclined wedge (aided by springs), and operated by the crank or other
suitable shaft, and connected by an ordinary rod to the aforesaid lifting-bar
lever.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Harrowby, Jeremiah Foulds, and Alfred Harrowby
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th June 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
HARROWBY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Maker, Jeremiah
FOULDS, of the same Place, Overlooker, and ALFRED HARROWBY, also of
Bradford aforesaid, Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Robert Harrowby, Jeremiah Foulds, and Alfred Harrowby, Her
special licence that we, the said Robert Harrowby, Jeremiah Foulds, and
Alfred Harrowby, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Robert Harrowby, Jeremiah Foulds, and Alfred Harrowby,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,

page_text: within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Robert
Harrowby, Jeremiah Foulds, and Alfred Harrowby, our executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Harrowby, Jeremiah Foulds,
and Alfred Harrowby, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to means of working or operating heddles or healds
in such manner as to produce what is known as a double shed, also an even
shed. The improvements consist of a pair of levers with segment or sector
ends applied to each heddle, one end of each lever being provided with cogs,
so as to gear end to end in each other, the other end being grooved to receive
a cord, strap, or chain to be attached to the heddle. These levers are binged
in or near their middle upon studs fixed to the top rail of the loom, or to a
plate or frame attached thereto, and they vary or are adjusted in length
of arm from the stud or fulcrum to the end where the heddles are attached,
according to the thickness of heddle or the difference in distance of the
beddles respectively from front to back. or from the opening of the shed.
Motion is communicated to the said levers as and when required by hooked
rods or levers, which are placed in position and caused to take on a lifting-bar
by means of ordinary jacquard or peg-lag cylinder arrangement, and removed
out of contact by springs. A lever is hinged to the loom end, and which has
a to-and-fro motion communicated to it by means of a crauk, cam, or
tappet operated by the crank or other suitable shaft. In this lever is a cam
slot hole which works a stud and friction pulley fixed to the lifting-bar lever.
This cam slot hole is so formed as to give intermittent reciprocating motion
to the lifting-bar lever. Or an equivalent motion may be produced by a
suitably formed cam fixed on the crank shaft, or by a cam slot hole or
an inclined wedge (aided by springs), and operated by the crank or other
suitable shaft, and connected by an ordinary rod to the aforesaid lifting-bar
lever.

page_text: In order that this our said Invention may be clearly understood we refer
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, which represent a portion of an
ordinary loom with our improvements applied thereto.
Fig. 1 is part of a front elevation, and Fig. 2 is part of a plan. A, A,
are the end frames, and B the top rail, connecting the same together; C is
the crank shaft, and D the healds or heddles, all of these parts being of usual
construction.
The peculiar means and method of working or operating upon the healds
or heddles having been shewn to constitute the nature of this Invention, we
will now proceed to describe these means and the manner in which the
Invention is performed or put into practical operation.
E and E' are a pair levers with segment or sector ends gearing together at
one end of each by cogs, and which are mounted upon studs F and F', fixed
to a frame attached to the top rail or frame. The other ends are grooved to
receive cords e and e¹ attached to the front heald or heddle at each end. It
will be seen on reference to the Drawings that there are a series of thirteen
pairs of such levers with cords attached to a corresponding number of healds
in a similar manner, and that each pair of these levers vary in length from
front to back of the healds, so as to give suitable variation in the extent of
motion to the healds in order to open or produce an even shed, which peculiar
construction and arrangement of parts will be readily understood by those
conversant with the art of weaving. In like manner any number of pairs of
levers may be employed according to the number of healds used. The levers
E' have each a projecting arm E, to which is hinged a hooked rod or bell-
crank lever G, one arm of which is acted upon by a spiral spring g and the
other is hooked so as to take on to a lifting bar II, which is fixed to the end
of a lever I mounted on a standard J fixed to the top rail. To the other end
of the lever I is attached a friction roller i which fits into a cam slot hole or
cam groove in a lever K hinged to the top rail. A stud L is fixed to this
lever and a universal joint M is fitted thereon and to a connecting rod N, which
is jointed to a strap O fitting on an eccentric P fixed to the crank shaft.
A rod Qis hinged to a projection of the lever I and to one arm of a double
bell-crank lever R. In the other two arms of this lever are rollers r and r¹,
in contact with the levers E¹, which are adjustable by screws. An ordinary
jacquard or peg-lag cylinder S is mounted on a frame T attached to a lever T'
operated by a rod U from an eccentric V fixed on the crank shaft. W are
ordinary catches or hookers for turning the jacquard cylinder, and X is a
frame carrying a series of needles Y which are acted upon by the cards

page_text: or lags on the cylinder to place the hooks of the levers G in position for
contact with the lifting bar H when required.
The action of the apparatus thus described is as follows:-The rotation of
the crank shaft gives motion by the eccentric P and connecting rod N to the
lever K, the cam slot hole in which operates the lever I, giving an inter-
mittent motion to the lifting bar H, the hooked rods or levers G being placed
in position by the indicating apparatus according to the arrangement of the
cards or lags thereon. The lifting bar H lifts the arms E of those levers F
which are thereby connected, and lowers the other ends and also those ends
of the levers E which are geared with them simultaneously, thereby lifting
the two outer ends of those sector levers and also the healds or heddles
attached thereto. At the same time the lever R is operated by the rod Q,
the arms with the rollers r and allowing the remainder of the healds or
heddles to lower so as to form a double shed, or to open the shed on the lower
side of the warp to the same extent as the shed is opened on the upper side.
The changing of the hooks G into and out of position for the action of the
lifting bar by the action of the indicating apparatus will be easily understood.
Instead of the lever K with its cam slot hole, the rod N may be attached
direct to the lever I and actuated in a similar manner by a cam slot hole of
similar form, or by an inclined surface or wedge piece capable of sliding on
guide rails fixed to the frame end and operated by an eccentric and rod from
the crank shaft, the rod being kept in contact with the incline or wedge piece
by springs, or such slot hole or wedge piece may be operated from the tappet
shaft by having the said slot hole or wedge picce formed double to allow for
the difference in speed or number of revolutions thereof as compared with
the crank shaft, but we prefer the means and method herein described and
shewn.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is and may be performed, we would have it
distinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details of
construction and arrangement of the parts or apparatus which we have herein
set forth, as various modifications may be made therein, but what we claim as
of our Invention is,
Firstly, the construction and application of segment or sector levers of
various lengths for working healds or heddles, so as to produce an even shed.
Secondly, the means and method herein described and referred to of
producing intermittent motion to healds or heddles.
Thirdly, the construction, combination, and general arrangement of means

page_text: or apparatus for producing an even and also a double shed, substantially as
herein described and illustrated by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Harrowby, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Robert Harrowby and Jeremiah Foulds, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of June, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Alfred Harrowby,
in the presence of
WM. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax.
ALFRED HARROWBY. (LS.)