IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING NUTS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ambler Pulman, of Halifax, in the County of York, Nut
and Bolt Manufacturer, and Charles Barraclough, of Halifax aforesaid,
Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR MAKING NUTS."
Sealed the 4th June 1878, and dated the 6th December 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ambler Pulman and Charles
Barraclough at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December
1877.
AMBLER PULMAN, of Halifax, in the County of York, Nut and Bolt Manu-
"IMPROVE-
facturer, and CHARLES BARRACLOUGH, of Halifax aforesaid, Mechanic.
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING NUTS."
The object of this Invention is to make hexagon or six-sided nuts from a flat bar
of iron, and the improvement consists in the arrangement and construction of self-
acting mechanism, whereby hexagon nuts may be expeditiously made.
The apparatus consists of a suitable bed or framework having a groove or recess
formed therein for the introduction of a bar of iron, a portion of which is cut off
by a pair of horizontal cutters; the cutters are V shaped, so that the portion of
iron cut off is formed with six sides, the bar of iron used being the width of the
nut required, and therefore forming two sides thereof. After the cutting operation
a vertical lifting rod lifts the piece that has been cut off out of the way of the
cutting bars, when it is forced against a stationary die (forming one half of a nut)
by means of a horizontal die forming the other half of a nut, by which means the
six sides of the nut are pressed or moulded into a more finished shape. The
vertical lifting rod then lifts up the nut underneath a punch or hammer, which
"snaps" or rounds the top part of the nut, when it is then taken hold of by a
pair of fingers, and pushed underneath a punch, and on these fingers releasing
their hold another pair of fingers or dies take hold of the nut, squeezing it into a
still more finished shape, and holds it in position under the punch until the hole

page_text: has been punched therein, when it is brought underneath another hammer to be
slightly flattened or finished off, after which it is pushed forward again and drops
on to the floor or into a suitable receptacle placed to receive it.
The various motions of the machine are arrived at by suitably formed cams and
eccentrics aided by spiral springs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Ambler Pulman and Charles Barraclough in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th June 1878.
AMBLER PULMAN, of Halifax, in the County of York, Nut and Bolt Manufacturer,
and CHARLES BARRACLOUGH, of Halifax aforesaid, Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING NUTS."
The object of this Invention is to make hexagon or six-sided nuts from a flat bar
of heated iron or other metal, and the improvements consist in the arrangement
and construction of self-acting mechanism whereby hexagon nuts may be expe-
ditiously made.
In order that our Invention may be more fully understood we have hereto
annexed three Sheets of Drawings illustrative thereof.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine; Fig. 2 is a plan view of same;
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation, and Figs. 4 and 5 ate details of parts detached.
The same letters indicate the same parts in all the Figures.
The apparatus consists of a suitable bed or framework, having a groove or
recess formed therein for the introduction of a bar of iron, a portion of which is cut
off by a pair of horizontal cutters; these cutters are wedge shaped, so that the
portion of iron cut off is formed with six sides, the bar of iron used being the
width of the nut required, so that the sides of the iron bar form two opposite sides
of the nut.
A reprosents the framework and B the groove for the reception of a bar of
heated iron C, which previous to its first introduction must be shaped at one end
in the manner shewn at a in Fig. 5. This bar is inserted into the groove B until
it reaches the fixed die E, and a portion sufficient to form a nut c is then indented
or cut off by the horizontal cutters F, which in the act of cutting form the
remaining sides of the nut, and also leave the end of the bar in the same shape as
at first, that is, with two sides of the succeeding nut ready formed. The cutters F
receive their motion from the cam 1 fixed on the main driving shaft 2 of the
machine. After the cutting operation a vertical lifting rod lifts the piece that has
been cut off out of the way of the cutting bars, when it is forced against the
stationary die which forms one half the nut by means of a horizontal die forming
the other half of the nut, by which means the six sides of the nut are pressed or
moulded into a more finished shape. G is the vertical lifting rod, which receives its
upward motion from cam 3 acting on lever 4, the end 5 of which enters a slot in
the lower part of the lifting rod. The descent of the lifting rod is effected by

page_text: spiral spring 6 and lever 7 operated by cam 8 (see Fig. 1). The lifting rod having
raised the nut sufficiently the horizontal die H on the end of the lever 9 presses
the nut against the stationary die, and reduces it to a more finished state. The
lever 9 is mounted on fulcrum 10, and the pressing or squeezing motion is derived
from cam 11, a spiral spring 12 acting thereon in the opposite direction produces its
return. The vertical lifting rod which has another lifting motion imparted to it by
the swell 13 on the cam 3 then lifts up the nut underneath a punch or die J,
which "snaps" or rounds the top part of the nut, when it is then taken hold of by
a pair of fingers K and K' and pushed underneath a punch L, which punches the
hole through the centre. The nut c is steadied and kept in position on the top of
the vertical lifting rod by a rod d, which by means of cam e and leverf is caused
to descend on to the nut and rise again in accordance with the movement of the
lifting rod. The punch L is operated by cam 16 acting on bowl w on the lever W.
The punch or die J is elongated at g, and has a slight downward movement given
to it so as to keep the nut in position during the withdrawal of the punch L.
The motion is obtained by means of a lever operated by the cam ; and spiral
spring 17. The finger K receives its forward motion by means of cam M acting on
bowl m of the lever N, the spring n acting on the lever N in the other direction.
The finger K¹ receives its forward and backward motion by means of a cam
groove formed in the face of the flange O operating the lever P attached to the
finger K. After placing the nut under the punch L the fingors K and K' release
their hold of the nut, and another pair of horizontal fingers or dies Q take hold of
and squeeze the nut into a still more finished shape and hold it until it is punched;
they then carry it under a haminer R, which descends and slightly flattens or
fiuishes it off, when the fingers Q carries the nut from underneath the hammer R to
an opening made in the framing, where it drops either on to the floor or into &
suitable receptacle placed to receive it.
The horizontal fingers or dies Q receive their opening, closing, and carrying
motions from cams 14, and hammer R is caused to descend by the lever S actuated
by the cam 15, the lever S striking the top part of the vertical rod 8, which slides
in a groove formed in the punch L; the upward movement of the hammer R is
obtained by spiral spring T.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The flat bar of heated iron C is
inserted into the opening or groove B, and is pushed up against the stationary
die E, when the cutters Findent or cut off a piece the size and shape of a nut,
having six equal sides. After the piece is indented or cut off the vertical lifting
rod G is caused to ascend and lifts the nut until it is opposite the horizontal die H,
where it is pressed or squeezed into a more finished state. The vertical lifting rod,
which we would have understood has another lifting motion, raises the nut quickly
and with force underneath the punch or die J, where it is "snapped" or rounded
off, after which the fingers K, and K¹ take hold and place the nut underneath
the panch L, which pierces or punches a hole through the nut, when the horizontal
fingers or dies Q take hold of the nut, pressing or squeezing it into a still more
finished shape, and removes it under the hammer R, where it receives a slight
flattening or finishing stroke, after which the nut is removed by the fingers Q
from underneath the last-named hammer, and drops on the floor or into a
receiver.
Having now described the nature and particulars of this our Invention for " Im-
provements in Machinery for Making Hexagon Nuts," we would have it understood
that we do not confine ourselves to the exact details in the mechanism herein shewn
and described, as many of the parts may be varied or modified without departing
from the main features of the Invention, but what we claim and believe to be new
within the realm is,―
Firstly. The use and employment of the horizontal cutters F, substantially as
herein shewn and described.
Secondly. The use and employment of the vertical lifting and snapping

page_text: rod G, having two separate lifts or rises, substantially as herein shewn and
described.
Thirdly In combination with cutters F and lifting and snapping rod G, the
general construction and arrangement of the parts herein shewn and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Ambler Pulman and Charlcs Barraclough,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
AMBLER PULMAM.
(L.S.)
CHARLES BARRACLOUGH. (L.S.)