IM- PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Lomax, of Darwen, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, and George Francis Bradbury, of Crumpsall House, near Manchester,
in the County aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 8th August 1879, and dated the 10th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Lomax and George
Francis Bradbury at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th
February 1879.
HENRY LOMAX, of Darwen, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and GEORGE
FRANCIS BRADBURY, of Crumpsall House, near Manchester, in the County afore-
said, Mechanical Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"
Firstly. The object of this Invention is to prevent the cloth or the warp being
"taken up
or the warp being “let off" when the weft through breakage or other
cause is absent.
Secondly. To improve apparatus for transmitting any excess of pressure or weight
upon the back bearer" to the weighting motion of the warp beam.
Thirdly. To improved collars or clips for the necks or "ruffles" of the warp
beam.
Fourthly. To improved combination and arrangement of apparatus for weighting
and for self actingly adjusting the weighting of the warp beam.
In order to prevent the cloth or the warp being taken up when the weft is not
present, we employ a device similar to the "weft fork." When from any cause the
weft is absent the device falls or moves and interposes a finger so as to prevent the
pawl or catch entering the teeth of and operating the take up wheel, thereby main-
taining the warp and piece in position, so that the shot of weft may be inserted
before the "take up" again acts, and so faulty and defective weaving is avoided, or
in case there be such special construction of loom as may require a letting off motion
to be acted upon, either separately or in conjunction with a "take up," then both
taking up" and "letting off," or either separately, may be acted upon through
the agency of the device referred to and the necessary connections.
"
The back bearer is carried by or attached to the ends of two arms; the other

page_text: ends of the said arms are attached to the frames of the loom by studs or centres,
and on which the arms and back bearer are free to move. Secured to or forming
part of the back bearer or of its supporting arms are pendent arms, the lower ends
of which rest upon a limb of the weighting lever or other weighting device, so that
whenever undue strain is put upon the warp, the extra-pressure_on_the_back_bearer
is transmitted to the counterpart of the weighting motion, which latter is thereby
proportionately_eased.
Or the back bearer may be carried by the-upper arm of a L or cranked lever, the
lower arm of which is by a link connected to the lever of-the-weighting-notion, so
-that-any-undue-or-extra-strain upon the warp tends to move the lever on its
fulcrum and the lower limb by means of the link, exerts a lifting-force-upon-the
woighting lever equal to the extra strain put upon the warp, thereby easing the
weighting motion-proportionately.
The collars or clips for the necks or ruffles of the warp beam we construct of
strips of wood, preferably box wood; these, by wires or otherwise, are strung or
attached so as to form a lattice on and around which the weighting motion chain
or rope is passed, and for which lattice a secure grip is obtained. Other woods in
bars, strips of leather, gutta percha, and like substances may be employed in the
construction of the collars or clips as aforesaid.
The weighting motion comprises a lever (at each side of the loom), extending to
about the outer diameter of the flange of the beam, the fulcrum of the lever is
below the axis of the beam, and one end of the weighting chain or rope is attached
to a stud in the said lever, the other end of the chain or rope being secured to a
spring or stud as usual. An arm or lever hinged at one end and carrying a weight
is at its other end attached to a rod extending across the back of the loom, and to
which said rod the boss of a radial arm is secured, and on the upper end of the
radial arm is a runner or antifriction bowl, which rests upon the lever first referred
to, and to the cross rod is also affixed an arm terminating in a feeler or runner, which
rests upon and bears against the warp upon the beam, so that the radial arms aro
permitted to approach the axis of the beam and lever's fulcrum, thereby regulating
the weighting just as the warp is let off and beam is decreasing in diameter.
Another arrangement for a like object comprises a weighting lover (having
fulcrum about midway its length), and to which both ends of the weighting chain
or rope is attached on opposite sides of its fulcrum. The lever is enclined and has
a traversing or running weight, a feeler resting upon the yarn on the beam, and
also a controlling spring, the latter being so adjusted that its greatest resisting force
is exerted when the beam is full, its weakest power when beam is running down to
its smallest diameter.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Lomax and George Francis Bradbury in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th August 1879.
HENRY LOMAX, of Darwen, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and GEORGE
FRANCIS BRADBURY, of Crumpsall House, near Manchester, in the County aforesaid,
Mechanical Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Firstly. The object of this Invention is to prevent the cloth or the warp being
"taken up," or the warp being "let off" when the weft through breakage or other
cause is absent.
Secondly. To improved apparatus for transmitting any excess of pressure or
weight upon the "back bearer" to the weighting motion of the warp beam.
Thirdly. To improved combination and arrangement of apparatus for weighting
and for self-actingly adjusting the weighting of the warp beam.
In order to prevent the cloth or the warp being taken up when the weft is not
present, we employ a device similar to a "weft fork." When from any cause the
weft is absent, the device falls or moves on its fulcrum and interposes its end so as
to prevent the pawl or catch entering the teeth of and operating the take up wheel,
thereby maintaining the warp and piece until the shot of weft is inserted before
the take up again acts, and so prevents faulty and defective weaving; or in case
there be such special construction of loom as may require a letting off motion to be
acted upon, either separately or in conjunction with a take up; then both "taking
up " and "letting off," or either separately, may be acted upon through the agency
of the device referred to and the necessary connections.
The vibrating back bearer is provided with arms, one of which carries a weight,
The end of the other arm rests upon an extended limb of the beam weighting lever,
so that whenever any extra strain upon the warp and bearer takes place, the weight
of such extra strain is at once transmitted to the beam weighting lever, which is in
part thereby counter-balanced so as to ease the beam and relieve the warp from
undue strain.
The weighting motion comprises a lever (at each side of the loom) extending to
about the outer diameter of the flange of the beam, the fulcrum of the lever is
below the axis of the beam and one end of the weighting chain or rope is attached
to a stud in the said lever, the other end of the chain or rope being secured to a
spring or stud as usual.
An arm or lever hinged at one end and carrying a weight, is at its other end
attached to a rod extending across the back of the loom, and to which rod the boss
of a radial arm is secured, and on the upper end of the radial arm is a runner or
antifriction bowl, which rests upon the lever, and to the cross rod is also affixed
an arm terminating in a feeler or runner, which rests upon and bears against the
warp on the beam, so that the radial arms are permitted to approach the axis of
the beam and lever's fulcrum, thereby regulating the weighting just as the warp is
"let off" and beam is decreasing in diameter.
Another arrangement for a like object comprises a weighting lever (having
fulcrum about midway its length), and to which both ends of the weighting chain
or rope are attached on opposite sides of its fulcrum. The lever is inclined and has
a traversing or running weight, a feeler resting upon the yarn on the beain, and
also a controlling spring, the latter being so adjusted that its greatest force is
exerted when the beam is full, its weakest power when beam is running down to
its smallest diameter,
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will now describe
the same in detail, and in order that the particulars may be fully understood, have
hereunto annexed two Sheets of Drawings..

page_text: Referring now to the Drawings (see Fig. 1).
In order to prevent the cloth or the warp being taken up when the weft is not
present, we employ a device 1, similar to a "weft fork." When from any cause the
weft is absent, the device 1 falls or moves on its fulcrum 2 and interposes its end 3.
-so-as-to-prevent the pawl or catch 4 entering the teeth of and operating the take a
up wheel 5, thereby maintaining the warp-and-piece-until-the-shot_of_weft is
inserted before the take up again acts, and so prevents faulty and defective weaving;
or in case there be such special construction of loom as may' require a letting off
motion to be acted upon, either separately or in conjunction with a take up, then
both "taking up" and "letting off," or either separately, may be acted upon-through.
the agency of the-device-referred_to_and_the necessary connections.
For transmitting excess of pressure or weight on the back bearer to the weighting
motion of the warp-beam-(see Fig. 3), in which the weight rope 1 is attached to
the spring as usual, thence round the neck or ruffle of the beam the weight lever 2
is connected by link 3 and L or cranked lever 4 carried by bracket 5, on the upper. 1
end of which is the yarn bearing roller 6. At Fig. 4 is shown a modification of
Fig. 3; 1 is a rope or chain attached to spring 2, its other end being secured to.
the hook 3 of the weighting lever 4. The latter supports at one end the weight 5;
at its other end the link 6 connects the weighting lever and arm 7, the latter being
free to work on its stud or fulcrum 8. It will be seen that any excess of strain on 5
the yarn 9 acts upon the bearing roller 10 and arm 7; the pressure being by the
link 6 transmitted to the lever 4, tends to depress the end thereof, raising its other,
or weighted end and so eases the yarn and beam. At Fig. 5 the spring is attached
to the arm of the lever 4.
The weighting motion (see Figs. 1 and 2) comprises a lever 6 (at each side of the s
loom), extending to about the outer diameter of the flange 7 of the beam. The
fulcrum 8 of the lever is below the axis 9 of the beam, and one end of the weighting
chain or rope is attached to a stud 10 in the said lever, the other end of the chain
or rope being secured to a spring or stud 11, as usual. An arm or lever 12 hinged.
at one end 13 and carrying a weight 14 is at its other end 15 attached to a rod 16,
extending across the back of the loom, and to which rod 16 the boss of a radial
arm 17 is secured, and on the upper end of the radial arm is a runner or antifriction
bowl 18, which rests upon the lever 6, and to the cross rod 16 is also affixed an
arm 19 terminating in a feeler.or runner 20, which rests upon and bears against the
warp on the beam, so that the radial arms are permitted to approach the axis of the
beam and lever's fulcrum, thereby regulating the weighting just as the warp is
"let off" and beam is decreasing in diameter.
Another arrangement (see Figs. 6, 7, and details 8, 9, 10, and 11), in which we
suspend by bolt or pin and lug 1, the frame 2, to which the weight rope or chain is
attached. Within the frame is a slide piece 3 having. runner 4; the feeler arm 5.
is also connected with the slide 3, its upper end bearing on and against the yarn.
As the beam decreases in diameter the slide and runner move in the direction of
the axis of the beam; there is a spring 6 attached to the slide 3. The pin 7 rests
-upon-the-spring, and as the slide is moved outward under the pin 7, the gradual
decrease of the beam brings the more pliable part of the spring-under-the-pin,-and-
so the necessary increased vibration for the smaller diameter of beam is permitted.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into
practical effect, we would have it understood that what we claim as our Inven-
tion is,―
Firstly. The combination and use of the device 1, 2, 3, for acting on the taking
up catch for preventing the taking up of the cloth when the weft has not been'
supplied, as illustrated at Fig. 1, and fully described.
Secondly. The combination of back bearer and devices for transmitting excess of
pressure on the back bearer to the weighting motion, so as to relieve the yarn from
unnecessary strain, as illustrated by Figs. 4, 5, and herein fully described.

page_text: Thirdly. The combination of apparatus for weighting the yarn beam, and for
self actingly adjusting the weighting, as illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
and 11, and herein fully described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Lomax, for and on behalf of myself and
the said George Francis Bradbury, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
HENRY LOMAX. (L.S.)