IMPROVEMENTS IN LIQUID MANURE OR WATER DRILLS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles George Gillyatt, of Wickenby Manor, in
the County of Lincoln, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIQUID
MANURE OR WATER DRILLS."
Sealed the 1st October 1867, and dated the 13th April 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles George Gillyatt at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th April 1867.
I, CHARLES GEORGE GILLYATT, of Wickenby Manor, in the County of
5 Lincoln, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LIQUID MANURE OR WATER DRILLS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of liquid
manure and water drills whereby the following advantages are obtained, viz.,
a perfect mixture of the water and manure, and the prevention of sediment or
deposit in the barrel of the drill; a complete emptying or discharge of the
barrel with a fuel stream or flow to the last; increased lightness and compact-
ness, and facility for depositing the contents of the drill almost immediately
the drill is moved.
According to my said Invention the liquid and manure are enclosed in a
water-tight barrel, which revolves on a bent hollow axle, and is carried in
suitable bearings at each end. To the inside of this barrel at its largest
diameter there is attached a series of cups formed by preference of gutta
percha, which caps as the barrel revolves empty themselves into openings

page_text: formed on the hollow axle at the highest part of the bend, and from thence
the mixed manure flows down through the axle and through flexible tubes in
connection therewith to the coulters, where it is delivered into the drill rows.
A perforated disc of gutta percha or other suitable material is placed across
the interior of the barrel near one end thereof, through which the superphos-
phate of lime or other manure introduced into this end of the barrel through
a covered opening for that purpose has to pass, thereby preventing large
lumps from being taken into the pipes, and ensuring also a more perfect
distribution.
In some cases I make provision for delivering both the manure and seeds in
patches or spots at regular intervals; this is accomplished by means of a series
of projections or cams fixed at regular intervals round the periphery of the
barrel; these cams as the barrel revolves come in contact with an antifriction
wheel carried on the upper end of a vertical lever, the lower end of such lever
being connected by a rod and link with a slide in each of the drop pipes. The
closing of these slides after the manure and seed has been dropped and
the antifriction wheel has passed over the cam is effected by an india-rubber or
other spring. The barrel is provided with two series of cams made to break
joint with each other, so that as the slide in one drop pipe is being opened
that in the other one is closed, and vice versa, the two working alternately,
thus giving a corresponding delivery of the manure and seed (the latter being
supplied from a seed box in the rear) in diagonal rows, whereby more air and
room are given to each plant. This dropping apparatus can be readily
detached or thrown out of action by simply removing the springs or detaching
the rods from the slides.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles George Gillyatt in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th October 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
GEORGE GILLYATT, of Wickenby Manor, in the County of Lincoln, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Charles George Gillyatt, Her special license that I, the said Charles

page_text: George Gillyatt, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Charles George Gillyatt, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LIQUID MANURE OR WATER DRILLS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Charles George Gillyatt, my executors or administra-
tors, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles George Gillyatt, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
liquid manure and water drills whereby the following advantages are obtained,
videlicet, a perfect mixture of the water and manure, and the prevention
of sediment or deposit in the barrel of the drill; a complete emptying or dis-
charge of the barrel with a fuel stream or flow to the last; increased lightness
and compactness, and facility for depositing the contents of the drill almost
immediately the drill is moved.
Figure 1 of the annexed Sheet of Drawings represents a vertical section of
my improved liquid manure or water drill taken along the line 1, 2, in
Figure 2; Figure 2 is a side elevation of the drill with portions broken away
to show the more important parts thereof; and Figure 3 is a section of the
barrel taken along the line 3, 4, in Figure 1. In these Figures the same
parts are indicated by corresponding letters of reference.
According to my said Invention the liquid and manure are enclosed in a
water-tight barrel A, which revolves freely on a bent hollow axle B mounted
on wheels C, C, and is carried in suitable bearings a, a, at each end; to the
inside of this barrel at its largest diameter there is attached a series of
cups D, D, formed by preference of gutta percha, which cups as the barrel
revolves empty themselves into openings formed at b, b, on the hollow axle B
at the highest part of the bend, from thence the mixed manure flows down
through the axle and through the tin tubes E, E, and flexible pipes F, F, in

page_text: connection therewith to the coulters G, G, where it is delivered into the drill
rows; a perforated disc H of gutta percha or other suitable material is placed
across the interior of the barrel A near one end thereof, through which the
superphosphate of lime or other manure introduced into this end of the barrel
through a covered opening I for that purpose has to pass, thereby preventing
large lumps fiom being taken into the pipes, and ensuring also a more perfect
distribution.
In some cases I make provisiou for delivering both the manure and seeds in
patches or spots at regular intervals; this is accomplished by means of a series
of projections or cams K and K¹ fixed at regular intervals round the periphery
of the barrel; these cams as the barrel revolves come in contact with anti-
friction wheels c, c¹, carried on the upper ends of the vertical levers L and L'
respectively, the lower ends of such levers being connected by the rods M, M',
with slides N, N¹³, situate respectively in each of the drop pipes 0, 0¹. The
closing of these slides after the manure and seed has been dropped and the
antifriction wheels have passed over the cams is effected by india-rubber.or
other springs P, P¹. The barrel is provided with two series of cams K, K¹,
made to break joint with each other, that is to act alternately, so that as the
slide in one drop pipe is being opened that in the other one is closed, and
vice versa, the two working alternately, thus giving a corresponding delivery
of the manure and seed (the latter being supplied from a seed box Q in the
rear) in diagonal rows, whereby more air and room are given to each plant.
This dropping apparatus can be readily detached or thrown out of action by
simply removing the springs or detaching the rods from the slides. Motion is
imparted to the liquid manure barrel A and seed distributor in the box Q by
the following arrangement of spur gearing or by any other suitable or well-known
means:- -Upon the inner side of the nave of one of the main supporting
wheels there is secured a spur wheel d, which gears into a smaller spur wheel e
capable of sliding along a feather on the carrier shaft f, supported in suitable
bearings in the main framing of the implement; this shaft carries another
spur wheel g, which gears into a spur wheel h fast on the end of the barrel A,
and imparts a rotatory motion thereto; a third spur wheel i, shown by a dotted
red line in Figure 2, is also carried by the shaft f, and gears into the carrier
wheel k, which transmits motion to the wheel 1 fast on the seed distributor;
R is a clutch handle for throwing the sliding spur wheel e in or out of gear
with the wheel d according as the barrel A and seed distributor are required
to revolve or remain at rest; S is a winch bandle for actuating the windlass T
with a view to raising or lowering the drills, which are suspended by chains m
from the barrel of the windlass.

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First, the general construction and arrangement of liquid manure or water
drills, as herein-before described.
Second, the combination of a revolving barrel and cups, with a bent hollow
perforated axle, substantially as and the purpose herein-before described.
Third, the combination of tappets or cam surfaces, levers, and slides for
the purpose of depositing manure and seeds in patches, substantially as herein-
before described.
Fourth, the use of the perforated disc or partition H situate inside the
liquid manure barrel, for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles George Gillyatt, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, the Tenth day of October, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
CHARLES GEORGE GILLYATT. (L.8.)