matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Standring Hall and
James Hobson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 20th August 1875.
We, SAMUEL STANDRING HALL, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, and JAMES HOBSON, of the same Place, Mechanic, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved picking motion. On each end
of the crank shaft and within the loom sides is a double-grooved cam,
in which a tumbler works. The pivot of each tumbler fits in the end
of a lever and as the double cams revolve they impart a vibrating
motion to the levers. Each lever is keyed on a short shaft, to which is
also fixed a bent lever, through which the ordinary finger on the picking
shaft passes. When the tumbler is in one of the grooves of the double
cam the finger is down, and the snug on the fly wheel in revolving then
comes against the finger and imparts the requisite motion to the picking
shaft, and by it to the shuttle. As soon as the tumbler has traversed

page_text: into the other groove in the cam the bent lever lifts the finger beyond
reach of the snug on the fly wheel, and then no motion is imparted to
the picking shaft.
The cams are set so as to act alternately on each side of the loom,
thereby picking the shuttle to and frò.
AN IMPROVED DOOR FASTENER AND ALARK AND TABLE BELL COMBINED
Year: 1875

page_text: · PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ellery Channing Bacon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd June 1875.
I, ELLERY CHANNING BACON, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States
of America, but temporarily of 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED DOOR FASTENER AND ALARK AND TABLE BELL
COMBINED," to be as follows, that is to say:—
This Invention consists in the arrangement and combination of a door
fastener of peculiar construction with an alarm, whereby such door
fastener and alarm may also be used as a table or call bell.
The door fastener is constructed of two rectangular shaped metal
plates hinged together, so as to allow of their being folded one on the
other, or partly opened so as to form a wedge. In the upper plate is a
number of spikes for fixing the fastener to the floor, corresponding holes
being formed in the lower plate to allow of the passage of the said
spikes, the lower plate being also provided with two or more small spikes
on its under side, The end of the lower plate is jointed to a suitably

page_text: constructed stand carrying an ordinary spring alarm in such a manner
that when the apparatus is to be used as a table or call bell the said
fastener may be folded underneath the stand of the apparatus, and be
held in that position by a stud or screw. Over the alarm I fix a table or
call bell. For operating this alarm I employ a cranked spring lever
pivotting on a joint at the side of the stand of the apparatus. The outer
end of this lever is preferably of a curved form, and projects some
distance from the side of the apparatus; the inner end of the lever is
formed with two notches, into which take a stud fixed to the lever of the
hammer or striker of the alarm.
When the apparatus is to be employed as a door fastener and alarm
the under side of the free end of the upper plate of the fastener is placed
over the projecting end of the herein-before described lever, and the
thin end of the wedge thus formed is placed under the bottom of the
door to be fastened, the said spikes holding it in position. If an attempt
be now made to open the door the upper plate of the fastener will be
pressed downwards, and will move with it the said lever, whereby the
hammer of the alarm will be released, and the bell will be rung.
To use the apparatus as a call bell it is merely necessary to fold the
fastener underneath the stand, and when required to ring the bell to
press down the said lever by the finger.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' DRESS SUSPENDERS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Leslie Fyfe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th October 1875.
I, ALEXANDER LESLIE FYFE, of Aldersgate Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' DRESS SUSPENDERS," to be as follows:-
•
-
My Invention relates to ladies' dress suspenders. The improved
suspender consists of a metal chain composed of links of any ornamental
character provided with a hook for attachment to the waist band, and
terminating in a spring clip having skeleton bows for grasping the dress
between them, and somewhat resembling a pair of forceps. The clip
is provided with a sliding collar by which to compress the jaws of the
clip, and hold them firmly in the closed position. To retain this sliding
ring or collar in any position in which it may be placed on the jaws for
the purpose of holding the dress, I provide a number of notchics stamped
or otherwise formed on the surface of the jaws, with which notches the
collar engages, and is thereby held securely.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHATES OF Soda and Fotassa
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Robinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
September 1875.
I, THOMAS ROBINSON, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster,
Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF SULPHATES OF Soda and Fotassa," to be as follows :—
The object of the said Invention is to provide means whereby chloride
in the powdery state shall be economically dried, caked, and broken into
pieces of suitable size and porosity for use in the converting chambers
of direct-action sulphate plant.
In carrying my Invention into practice I support an annular hori-
zontal plate on a tramway on rollers or otherwise, and cause such
annular plate to revolve. A furnace or furnaces and flue or flues is or
are constructed beneath or around or both beneath and around a
portion of the said annular horizontal plate; steam or heated air or
gases may be employed to heat the said plato; the chloride is by
preference fed to the said annular plate in two streams, the one in direct

page_text: contact with the plate being dry and the other over it being damp;
damp chloride when applied direct to the annular plate is apt to adhere
thereto. It will be obvious however that the chloride may be fed to the
annular plate in various ways. The chloride during the revolution of
the annular plate is acted upon by cutters so as to be divided into
convenient sized cakes or pieces. The irregular sized pieces are removed
from the annular plate by means of a plough or interceptor; other
means may be used. In most cases it is necessary to further break the
pieces before placing them in the converters; for that purpose crushing
rollers are employed, preferably placed within the space enclosed by the
annulos plato
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF APPLIANCES FOR PROTECTING SHIPS' PROPELLERS AND INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SAME WHILE AT WORK
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Whettem and
Edmund Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd February 1875.
We, WILLIAM HENRY WHETTEM, of Gateshead, in the County of
Durham, and EDMUND WALKER, of Leadenhall Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
ARRANGEMENT OF APPLIANCES FOR PROTECTING SHIPS' PROPELLERS AND
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SAME WHILE AT WORK," to be as follows:-
FOR
-
This Invention relates to improved arrangement of appliances for
protecting ships' propellers and for increasing the efficiency of the same
while at work, such appliances being applicable with certain modifications
to single screw ships, and also to what are termed twin or double screw
ships.
The appliances consist mainly of a parallel, a tapered, or cone shaped
open ended ring or drum casing with the meeting ends abutting over,
which butt straps are arranged to secure the ends by flush bolts or rivets.
To the butt straps stays or tie bars are fitted with their other ends
attached to the vessel's hull to hold the drum casing in position.

page_text: The length of the tubular or ring casing according to our Invention is
such that to cover the old or original plan of archimedian screw it
should be equal to one and a quarter the length of the screw, but to
decrease in breadth according to the form of screw until it becomes one-
twelfth less than the length of the screw. The inside diameter of the ring
casing being equal to the diameter of the screw multiplied by 1.035.
It is important that the tubular casing be nearly even or flush with
the old or original plan of archimedian screw at the fore side, but to be
fitted in other cases to suit the form of screw.
In some cases we fit T or angled irons at intervals along the inner
face of the tubular casing, so that they project from the same to offer an
opposite resistance to any water being carried round by the blades, also
in some cases we fit or arrange ring ribs upon the exterior of the ring
casing. The advantage of thus fitting a ring casing round the screw is
the water is the better conducted out of the same, and instead of being
spun round the tubular casing by the action of the screw blades is
directed out of it direct and more in a line with the shaft.
In the case of twin or double screw ships in which our Invention is
also applicable we fit curved bars springing from the hull to the rings,
and from these round to the stern post or near to it, the curved bars
serving to prevent the screws becoming fouled by ropes or other bodies.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND MACHINERY EMPLOYED FOR STIFFENING AND STAINING WOOLLEN OR OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Laycock, of Leeds, in the County of York,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND MACHINERY
EMPLOYED FOR STIFFENING AND STAINING WOOLLEN OR OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED
FABRICS,"
Sealed the 30th April 1875, and dated the 17th February 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Laycock at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th February 1875.
I, PETER LAYCOCK, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
5 the nature of the said Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND
MACHINERY EMPLOYED FOR STIFFENING AND STAINING WOOLLEN OR OTHER WOVEN OR
FELTED FABRICS," to be as follows: -

page_text: stiffness, also any required colour, and in the machinery employed
therefor.
For the purpose of stiffening the material I employ flour; this may
either be thrown on to the material in its dry state or after being mixed
with a suitable quantity of water. For this operation I employ a milling
machine of ordinary construction.
The material, when undergoing the operation, is by preference in the
same state of moisture as when being operated upon for the ordinary
milling process. By employing the milling machine for this purpose
the stiffening substance is evenly distributed throughout the material.
When the staining process is required I employ ingredients which
vary in accordance with the colour required; these may be as follows:―
Logwood, chrome, soda ash, bichrome, and aniline dyes of any suitable
colour; also cudbear (brown) and Humbolt blue; borax is also employed
for deepening the colours. These ingredients are placed on the material
during the milling operation or immediately before, and varying in
accordance with the shade or colour required.
For the purpose of applying the staining ingredients, and evenly or
equally distributing them throughout the piece, I employ a milling
machine which has the effect of thoroughly working the colouring
ingredients into the material and fixing them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING PLAITS OR FOLDS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lloyd Wise at the.
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th September 1875.-A communication from abroad by Oscar
Bauer, Manufacturer, of Johann-Georgenstadt, in the Kingdom of
Saxony, German Empire.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of Chandos Chambers, Adelphi, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention'
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING PLAITS OR FOLDS,"
(a communication to me from abroad by Oscar Bauer, Manufacturer, of
Johann-Georgenstadt, in the Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire,) to
be as follows:
-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or
apparatus for making. plaits or folds, and consists in a novel arrange-
ment and construction of mechanism to be used in. combination with a.
sewing machine for forming single plaits or folds.

page_text: Guide rails, discs, and gauges are provided for properly guiding each
width of strip to be plaited, gauges are also provided for guiding the.
plaited strip to the needle.
No winding or spooling or special preparation of the material is
3 necessary for this machine.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR CEMENT FOR DENTISTRY
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marie Theodore Labbé at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th April 1875.
I, MARIE THEODORE LABBÉ, of Paris, Boulevard de Strasbourg,
No. 33, Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION OR CEMENT FOR DENTISTRY," to be as follows :—
My improved composition or cement is employed in a plastic state,
and when placed in or on the teeth, rapidly attains a power of resistance
equal to that of the hardest bodies; it is made of various shades in
perfect imitation of the color of the teeth with which it has to form one
and the same insoluble substance, and will deceive the keenest eye.
My composition comprises two special preparations, one of them solid
and in a pulverulent state, and the other a liquid which agglutinates the
powder at the time of its application.
The solid preparation may be made either of a grayish white or of a

page_text: For a grayish white color or shade I take oxide of zinc, black oxide of
iron, and pure calcined silica, in the following proportions :—
Oxide of zinc
•
Oxide of iron
-
Pura calcined silica
-
-
2,200 parts.
7
$1.000
33
Pura calcined silica
1,000
I triturate and pulverize these three substances carefully and put them
in a bottle or other vessel.
For a yellowish white color or shade I take the same substances,
and add to them 60 parts of chromate of zinc finely pulverized and
sifted.
1
The liquid preparation is composed of chloride of zinc and hydrochloric
acid, in the proportion of 35 parts of chloride of zinc to 70 parts of the
acid. I mix these two substances, and when the reaction is finished I
boil the liquid mixture in the presence of an excess of zinc and oxide of
zinc. I thus obtain a milky white liquid streaked with yellow due to 1
the precipitation of the iron, and I stop the boiling when the liquid
marks from 45° to 50° Beaumé. I allow it to settle and draw it clear
by filtering. I then put it in a bottle or other vessel.
Having thus obtained the two preparations from which my dental
composition or cement is made, I employ them as follows:-I take a 2
pinch or small quantity of the solid preparation or powder, and I
agglutinate it with a sufficient quantity of the liquid preparation. I thus
form a paste which is applied to the tooth to be stopped. This paste
which has the property of hardening quickly like hydraulic cement,
becomes united or consolidated with the tooth, forming with it one and 2
the same insoluble body.
This cement or composition has the great advantage over metals
amalgamated with mercury, that it is harmless, and it is superior to
cements and powders hitherto used as stopping for teeth, by its hardness
and its exact assimilation to the colors or shades of the teeth.
The proportions before given may be varied as required.
8
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR PROPELLING AND STEERING BALLOONS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Sebastien Anacharsis
Ménier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 6th May 1875.
I, JEAN SEBASTIEN ANACHARSIS MÉNIER, of 14, Southampton
Buildings, and of Victoria Park, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR PROPELLING AND STEERING BALLOONS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar combination and arrangement of
apparatus or means to be adapted to balloons for the purpose of propelling
and steering them, by the combination of the power of ascent and
descent with the resistance offered by the atmosphere.
In carrying out this Invention I employ aeroplanes or accessory
surfaces attached at any angle required to the body of the balloon itself.
The said surfaces may be made adjustable to any angle required, thereby
varying the angle of ascent or descent.

page_text: In conjunction with the said accessory inclined surfaces there is
provided a rudder which is also attached to the body of the balloon, and
is manoevred from the car as is also the angle of the aeroplanes by
suitable guide ropes. The said car is so disposed as to be capable of
adjustment with the view to varying the position of the centre of gravity,
as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Fletcher at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
August 1875.
I, THOMAS FLETCHER, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GAS AND OTHER FURNACES," to be as follows:―
The object of this Invention is to construct a furnace in which the
flame will be baffled, the smoke consumed, and the heat utilized without
the loose internal casings employed in gas furnaces as hitherto practised,
and consists in constructing such furnaces of fire-clay or other suitable
material with a series of tubes or passages surrounding the internal
recess in which the crucible or substance to be heated is placed, such
tubes or passages being open to the central recess at one end, and
communicating at the other end with one common passage which leads
to the chimney. In this construction, (which is applicable to gas and
other) furnaces, the flame of gas or other fuel is admitted by preference
to the central recess near the top thereof, and is thus compelled to be
deflected downwards in order to enter the upright tubes in escaping
towards the chimney.,
1
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING BUTTON HOLES IN LINEN OR ANY LIGHT MATERIAL, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR, BY THE AID OF A MACHINE OF SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Thomas Patterson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th August 1875.
I, WALTER THOMAS PATTERSON, of 565, Old Kent Road, in the
County of Surrey, Sewing Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING BUTTON HOLES IN LINEN
OR ANY LIGHT MATERIAL, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR, BY THE AID OF A MACHINE
OF SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION," to be as follows:
-
This Invention relates to a sewing machine specially adapted for
making button holes in linen or any light material without removing or
turning the work to finish the button hole.
I adopt the ordinary principle of a Thomas's No. 1 machine, with
additional modifications to cause the machine to make the button hole
stitch and to operate in a plain easy way. The total absence of all springs
and direct motion to all the parts insures correctness of action, and forms
a particular part of the Invention.
The additions made to the ordinary Thomas's machine is a double cloth
plate and clamp for holding the work while being stitched.

page_text: with a clutch box on the shaft of the machine.
5thly. A hand lever which operates the slotted movement and the
clutch box.
The operation is as follows:-The work is first placed between the
clamp and cloth plate, the hand lever turned to the desired direction,
´and the machine set in motion. The pinion on a shaft turns the cam,
the cam actuates a lever which drives the rod and works the slotted
movement the requisite distance. The stitch screw is now turned
by the clutch on shaft, gearing into the teeth of pinion fixed on a
screw, and so on until the requisite length of stitching is made for one
side of the button hole; the hand lever is now pushed forward and
disconnects the feed and allows the slotted movement to take another
position for making the bar; the hand lever is again pushed forward,
which reverses the feed and causes the plate to travel back to its original
position; the bar is again made and the button hole is finished.
To prevent the breaking of needles by the tension of the upper thread
drawing or springing the needle into the shuttle box, I drill' the needle
hole from the top of the box, and then open the hole from the inside
sufficiently for the cotton to form the loop, but not large enough for the
needle to enter the box.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th December 1875.-A communication from abroad by Jacob
Wolf and Joseph Wolf, both of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United
States of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND PARTS
CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR STEAM ENGINES," a communication, to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a valve by which steam may be admitted to
the valve of the piston in both directions without the employment of
links or other reversing mechanism. It also relates to the valve of the
generator and valve of the piston communicating by means of pipes,
which are successively employed for live steam and the exhaust steam.
It also relates to valves which are so constructed that the extent thereof
is shortened and the stroke is lessened. On the steam generator is
mounted a valve seat, one port of which communicates with the
generator or dome thereof. In the seat are arranged next to the said

page_text: port two other ports end to end, and at a point opposite to the first port
two other ports end to end, and between the two sets of ports an
exhaust port; the two sets of ports communicating with two sets of
pipes, which lead to and from the steam chest.
The slide or valve face of the seat is formed with a live steam port {
and two exhaust cavities. The valve seat of the steam chest has in it
ports leading to the piston, a port between said ports, and another port
extending at a right angle to the above-named ports, the last described
ports communicating with the said sets of pipes.
The slide or valve face of the seat has three ports and an exhaust 1
cavity; one port entends at a right angle to the other ports and the
cavity, and communicates with the said ports by a passage over the wall
of the said cavity, the latter being located between the said ports, but
the said passage may be dispensed with, and a slide similar to the
above-named slide may be employed in lieu of this slide or valve face.
It will be seen that I avoid links and other separate reversing
mechanism. When the steam is to be cut off it will be accomplished by
drawing out the first named slide, so that the first lap or bar thereof
will cover the port, whereby steam cannot pass from the generator.
The arrangement of certain ports at a right angle to other ports 2
shortens the valves or slides and valve seat, and lessens the extent of the
stroke of the valves.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA- BATUS FOR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Walker Tattersfield at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th November 1875.
I, JAMES WALKER TATTERSFIELD, of the Firm of George Tattersfield
and Co., of Dewsbury, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
BATUS FOR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
"
My Invention relates to the production of what is known as the
wave finish" of cloth, and has for its object the substitution of
mechanical means of effecting this for the hand process ordinarily
employed.
In carrying out my Invention I employ a rubber or a series of
rubbers consisting of strips of wood or other suitable material covered
with india-rubber or other material adapted for the purpose, and sus-
pended by a connecting rod or rods from a centre or centres carried on
suitable uprights or supports. These rubbers, when more than one are
employed, are arranged at suitable intervals apart, but connected
together so as to form a frame, to which a to-and-fro motion is im-

page_text: parted by means of a crank and connecting rod and belts and pullies, or
otherwise, from any suitable prime mover, so that the rubbers are caused
not only to perform a to-and-fro longitudinal traverse, but at the same
time to oscillate on their fixed centres. The cloth to be operated upon
is drawn across the machine over suitable rollers beneath and in contact
with the rubbers, without the employment of any supporting bed or
table for the cloth, and the rubbers being set in motion the required
66 wave finish" is thus obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPSULING BOTTLES AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Brown Campbell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th October 1875.
I, JAMES BROWN CAMPBELL, of the City of Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CAPSULING BOTTLES AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention consists of a simple construction and arrangement of
the parts of a machine or mechanism for capsuling bottles, that is, for
compressing the thin metallic capsule close round the head and neck of
the bottle, and which will effect considerable economy in the first cost of
the machine, as well as in the time and labour in the work or operation
of capsuling. And the nature and novelty of this machine or mechan
consists in a form of compressing boss or fixed chuck with a ring
oscillating on its periphery between two discs, the inner boss and outer
discs being fixed by four or more bolts to the face of a short standard or
bracket secured to any table or frame at a suitable height for the
insertion of the head and neck of the bottle into a recess formed through

page_text: the front or outer ring and the fixed inner boss, and made large enough
for the insertion of a short piece of vulcanised india-rubber tubing held in
position by a conical bush screwed into the front disc, which also guides
or conducts the head of the bottle with its capsule first placed on it into
the india-rubber tube or ferrule which compresses the capsule tight
against the bottle by the action of four segmental compressing slide
blocks reciprocating radially in slots formed in the fixed central boss,
through short links jointed one to each of them, and having their outer
ends jointed to the inside of the oscillating ring. An angled part is cut
away on one side of the slot in which the compressing block and links
reciprocate, to allow the links to oscillate angularly on their inner joints
as the ring is turned in one direction by a lateral block and stud secured
to one side of its periphery, and thus draw out the compressing blocks
to allow the india-rubber to expand to its full size for the insertion of
the head of the bottle with its capsule on, when the turning of the ring
back in the other direction brings the links round towards their radial
position, which compress the blocks with such power against the india-
rubber as to completely press the capsule with a direct action to the
shape of and close to the head and neck of the bottle, however irregular
these may be. The said to-and-fro action of the oscillating ring is
effected by a link jointed to its lateral pin above, and to the free end of
a bell-crank lever actuated by a foot lever or treadle below, which lever
and links may be raised by the power of a spring overcome by the
pressure of the foot, which overcomes it and gives the pressing action to
the compressing blocks.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES FOR RAILWAY CARS AND CARRIAGES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Lewis Harrison, of San Francisco, in the
County of San Francisco, and State of California, one of the United
States of America, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AXLES FOR RAILWAY CARS AND CARRIAGES.”
· COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Samuel Lewis Harrison
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 6th February 1875, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
LEWIS HARRISON, of San Francisco, in the County of San Francisco,
and State of California, one of the United States of America, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AXLES FOR RAILWAY CARS AND CARRIAGES," and have petitioned Her Majesty
to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal

page_text: substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth and
specified.
In witness whereof, I, tho said Samuel Lewis Harrison, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
IMPROVEMENTS IN Locks
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clark and Edward Hales
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 29th November 1875.
We, JOHN CLARK, of Wandsworth, in the County of Surrey, and
EDWARD HALES, of Lancaster Street, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Locks," to be as follows:-
The improvements have reference to locks called "slam," and consist
in constructing them so that the catch and its plate, the latch and its
spring and their plate may be fixed and made to work wholly outside
doors or gates without morticing or letting in the plates or other part of
the lock into the door. Also in so constructing and fixing the latch
spring that under no possible circumstances can it on being moved
when the. handle of the latch is turned be bent too far back, and so
broken or rendered useless.
The improvements can be used for many purposes, but are chiefly
intended for application to railway carriage doors, cab, omnibus, and
tram doors.

page_text: The improvements may be performed by making the various parts of
metal, the different plates having holes made in them for receiving
countersunk screws or bolts for holding them to the door or gate; the
spring is to be so made and fixed to the latch that only a small
movement of it will take place on the latch being lifted by turning the
handle or on shutting the door; the catch can be finished off to any
angle desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Theopilus Mabane and Edward
English at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th August 1875.
WC, THEOPILUS MABANE and EDWARD ENGLISH, both of Leeds, in
the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as
follows:-
"
This Invention has reference to the mode of constructing the "uppers'
of boots or shoes having elastic sides, whereby they are constructed in
much less time, with greater certainty of fitting, neater and cleaner
work, and more comfortable to the wearer.
uppers "of boots and
In the ordinary style of constructing the "
shoes the lining or foundation is pasted to the "upper" with the elastic
sides or springs along those parts that have to be afterwards sewn
together. In this operation even the most experienced hands cannot
prevent the pasted work moving out of position; consequently the
upper, however well it may be cut out is generally found when sewn
that the two sides of the " upper" with the lining and elastic sewn
thereto are not correctly put together in consequence of the slipping out

page_text: of position during the pasting operation; also the lining presents a great
amount of irregularity and unevenness round the parts where it is
attached to the elastic on the " 'upper' "which renders them very
frequently uncomfortable to the wearer.
7.
In our arrangement we dispense with the use of paste almost entirely,
it being only used to temporarily fasten the upper quarters and the
elastic together, and by preference we also secure the elastic, the upper
quarters and lining of each side of the boot or shoe separately, which
enables us more readily to get to the parts. After the two quarters and
elastic of one side have been pasted together in position we lay the
lining or foundation which has been previously cut into shape on the
side of the. "upper," reversing it so that round the openings therein it
can be sewn to the "upper" and elastic. Afterwards the lining is turned
back again into its proper position, covering the stitches made, and
presenting a perfectly even surface all round the opening, having no
projecting parts to hurt the wearer, at the same time presenting a much
cleaner piece of work, and producing a certain fit; also the work is
completed in much less time. After this operation has been performed
on both sides they can be fastened together in the usual manner.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAINS, BY WHICH THEY ARE RENDERED APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES TO WHICH THEY HAVE NOT HITHERTO BEEN APPLIED
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Owen and Thomas Simon
Binns at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th April 1875.
WC, JOHN OWEN, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Manager,
and THOMAS SIMON BINNS, also of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAINS, BY WHICH THEY
ARE RENDERED APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES TO WHICH THEY HAVE NOT
HITHERTO BEEN APPLIED," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to peculiar constructions of chains, by which
their usual properties of coiling and folding round rollers or drums, are
as far as necessary, retained, but when uncoiled or run out are capable of
being used for temporary or other purposes, as beams to support weights
or otherwise. It consists in forming the links in such a manner
that whilst the chain retains its flexibility in one direction in the
opposite direction it presents a firm and rigid resistance to anything that
may be placed upon it. For this purpose cach link is furnished with
projections on one or both sides, in such a manner that when a number

page_text: of links are put together to form a chain the projections on the links
overlap each other and fall into notches or recesses provided for the
purpose, that is, when the chain is stretched out in a position to form a
beam. As to strength and other properties the chain will require to be
adapted generally to the purpose for which it is designed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BINDING THE EDGES OF HAT AND BONNET SHAPES OR FOUNDATIONS AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Leber at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
December 1875.
I, JOHN LEBER, of Goswell Road, in the County of Middlesex, do.
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR BINDING THE EDGES OF HAT AND BONNET SHAPES OR FOUNDATIONS
AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction and arrangement of certain
apparatus whereby the edges of hat and bonnet shapes or foundations
and other articles can be bound with wire and tape or ribbon with great
rapidity and in a more simple and effectual manner than by the machines
previously employed for such purposes. A wheel feed block having a
roughened periphery is mounted on a horizontal shaft, which latter
rotates in bearings supported by a suitable frame, such rotation being
effected by means of any suitable motive power. Above the feed wheel
is placed a metallic plate of a shoe-like form, the edge of which is
formed with a groove therein capable of receiving the wire and tape or
ribbon with which the article is to be bound. The said plate is pivoted
at the upper part of the wider end thereof to the lower end of a vertical

page_text: bar, to the upper part of which is attached or has connected therewith a
spring by means of which the shoe-like plate is allowed to rise or fall by
the use of a lever attached to the latter as may be desired. The tape or
ribbon is wound on a suitable roller, from which it passes over carrying
rollers (being moistened and rendered adhesive in its progress by any
convenient and suitable means) to a wheel having a narrow periphery, in
passing over which the tape or ribbon acquires the necessary degree of
folding.
ト
The hat or bonnet shape, or foundation, or other article is placed on the
before-mentioned roughened feed wheel; which is caused to rotate, and
the wire passes through the groove in the shoe-like plate, thus escaping the
pressure imparted to the plate by the before-mentioned spring, whilst
the tape or ribbon is supplied simultaneously and is compressed upon
the edge of the article between the lower surface of the plate and the
periphery of the feed wheel. By actuating the lever attached to the
shoe-like plate the latter is partially rotated on its pivot, raising the
vertical bar and compressing the spring, and thereby the toe or smaller
end of the plate can be brought to bear upon any portion of the edge of
the article which presents irregularities or sharp curves or angles. A
guage plate which slides on a suitable horizontal bar in the frame of the
machine is provided for the purpose of keeping the edge of the article in
its proper position during the revolution of the feed wheel, or, by
preference a flange is attached to or formed on one side of the lower
portion of the shoe-like plate for effecting the like purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF RAISING SHIPS OR OTHER SUNKEN VESSELS OR PROPERTY FROM UNDER WATER, AND FOR MAKING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS AIR AND WATER-TIGHT, AND PREVENTING THEM BEING CONSUMED FIRE OR SINKING IN THE WATER AFTER BEING WRECKED
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Mortimer Job at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th October 1875.
I, ALFRED MORTIMER JOB, of Number 46, Cannon Street, in the City
of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF RAISING SHIPS OR OTHER SUNKEN
VESSELS OR PROPERTY FROM UNDER WATER, AND FOR MAKING SHIPS AND OTHER
VESSELS AIR AND WATER-TIGHT, AND PREVENTING THEM BEING CONSUMED
FIRE OR SINKING IN THE WATER AFTER BEING WRECKED," to be as follows:-
BY
My Invention relates principally to the mode of raising or assisting
in raising sunken ships or other sunken property, or raising in water
weights from under water by means of air bags to be taken under water
empty of air and placed inside or outside any sunken vessel or other
property of weight to be raised, and the so sunken bags to be filled
with air from outside the water by means of air-tight tubing or piping;
the bags outside the article to be raised to be secured to such article
by means of netting or otherwise as I may find most convenient for my
purpose.

page_text: I also secure to myself the method of covering ships outside in
whole or part with india-rubber sheeting for the purpose of closing of
any aperture caused by collision or otherwise, and so preventing the
heavy rush of water therein.
I also secure to myself the Invention so far as applicable to my
Invention or method of preventing ships or other vessels sinking under
water, after being wrecked, or being consumed by fire after taking fire,
by means of air-tight and water-tight compartments, and compartments
independant of each other.
I, by means of double boarding with tarpauling or other waterproof
substance inserted between such double boarding for dividing the com-
partments, make each compartment water and air tight independent of
each other; also double boarded deck made water-tight and air-tight by
same means, and board the inner ceilings under the rafters or deck, so
that the deck may not be subject to the air pressure.
To each compartment I have a separate entrance from the deck, such
entrance to be so arranged and fitted with an air-tight cover to be placed
on the deck entrance and fitted with studs for locking it air-tight at a
moment's notice, such cover to have fitted an air tap to case the air while
putting it on.
All hand rails, &c. to deck entrances to be made moveable at a
minute's notice, so as to bring the air-tight cover into use immediately
when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRICKET BATE
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by The Honourable Lincoln Edwin
Stanhope at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 18th May 1875.
I, The Honourable LINCOLN EDWIN STANHOPE, of Harrington House,
3 Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CRICKET
BATE," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the construction of cricket bats in
such a manner as to increase the driving power of the bat, and diminish
the tendency to jar in the hand on striking a ball. For this purpose the
blade of the bat is made in the usual manner, except that in the central
and driving portion of it there is formed a dovetail recess, in which is
inserted an elastic substance, such as may be produced by a mixture or
mixed use of gutta percha and india-rubber or other suitable material of
the requisite hardness and elasticity. This substance or these substances
is or are to ho inserted and secured in the said recess by melting and cool-
ing or otherwise, so long as the whole is made to fit therein and fill up the

page_text: same completely thereby, forming a part of the blade of the bat itself,
but with more elasticity than is usual in that part thereof. By this
means the spring of the handle of the bat will be relieved, thereby
diminishing the liability of the handle to break and also preventing jar
to the hand on striking the ball.
IMPROVED MEANS OF STOPPING OR CLOSING BOTTLES TO FACILITATE THE DRAWING OFF OF THEIR CONTENTS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Chaim Groubman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
August 1875.
I, CHAIM GROUBMAN, of Odessa, in the Empire of Russia, and
temporarily of Great Portland Street, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS
OF STOPPING OR CLOSING BOTTLES TO FACILITATE THE DRAWING OFF OF THEIR
CONTENTS," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention has for its object to facilitate drawing off the contents
or a part of the contents of a bottle.
In carrying out of my Invention the bottle is closed by an internal
valve pressed by a spring against the end of a short tube fitted in the
mouth of the bottle. This valve is fitted on a stem which traverses the
bottle from mouth to bottom, and passes out through a hole in the latter
and terminates in a knob, by which the stem may be drawn back to
open the valve. This knob or head being generally located within the
recess or "kick" in the bottom of the bottle, the valve is not liable to
be opened accidentally. The hole through which the stem passes is

page_text: bushed to prevent the escape of the contents, and the stem and spring are
enclosed in a glass tube fixed at one end in a socket in the bottom of the
bottle, and connected at the other end to the valve by a short tube of
india-rubber to allow of the movements of the valve, and prevent any
contact of the liquid with the stem and spring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING SEATS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Beard Whitford at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd November 1875.
I, GEORGE BEARD WHITFORD, of 31, Panton Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturing Jeweler, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING SEATS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of a framework of wood, iron, or other suitable
material fastened together with cross bars, and covered on the top with
strips of webbing, or any other suitable material for the purpose of forming.
the seat. The said framework consists of strong pieces of wood or any other
suitable material placed in opposite positions, and fastened at the top by
means of a bolt, and at the centre and bottom with cross bars passing from
side to side, for the purpose of giving strength when the seat is extended
ready for use. The inner side pieces of the framework are made slightly
shorter, so as to allow the top cross bars, which are fixed to the inner
side of the framework, to rest on the tops of such pieces, so that the
material used for the seat can be fastened on the top of the said cross

page_text: pieces, so as to allow the covering material to cover the whole of the
top of the seat.
If required a back can be formed to the seat by hinging on to the
outside of each of the outside pieces of the framework uprights any
length required, and fastening on to or running through holes in such
uprights cords or pieces of webbing, or fixing any other material for the
purpose of forming the back.
Arms can also be applied if necessary by means of a bar fastened on
to the upright of the back working on a pivot, and another bar slanting
upwards from the seat, to which it is fastening by means of a hinge, and
working in a groove on the under side of the upper bar, so as to be
capable of being folded up level with the back when out of use.
The seat may be made any length so as to accommodate a greater or.
AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR PIERCING CIGARS
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eugenio de Zuccato at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1875.
I, EUGENIO DE ZUCCATO, of Bloomsbury Street, London, W.C., do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
INSTRUMENT FOR PIERCING CIGARS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of an improved instrument for piercing cigars consists
of a small hollow cylinder or tube of about the circumference of a
cigar in which are placed three or more small knives or blades.
Instead of biting off the end of the cigar as is usually done before
smoking or piercing it with a penknife, the user inserts the proper end
of the cigar into this tube, and it is immediately pierced in such a
manner as to cause it to draw well in smoking; the exterior of the
instrument may be made to resemble a mortar or cannon.