Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 4th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 26th Aug., 1887.
I THOMAS GALLOWAY of the firm of W. Galloway and Company of Gateshead on
Tyne in the County of Durham Nail Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of
this Invention to be as follows :-
:-
My present Invention relates principally to improvements upon the Invention for
which Letters Patent No. 4730 dated 28th October 1881 were granted to me.
According to my present Invention I make on the tumbler or follower which is
operated by the spindle and handle a projection which bears on the rocking lever
which is pressed forward by a spring to project the sneck bolt to its normal position
as a latch. As the latch bolt cannot protrude further without the projection on the
tumbler moving the rocking lever and compressing the spring, the spring therefore
serves as a check spring which whilst preventing the sneck bolt being carried out too
far by its own impetus still allows of its being moved further out by the operation of
the handle or handles of the lock.
In order to allow the bolt to be overshot from either side of the door but only to be
releasable from one side, I provide different spindles for the two handles the one
operating the ordinary tumbler and the other operating another tumbler connected by
a link to the bolt so that either handle will over shoot the bolt. When the bolt is
overshot, however the link connecting the second tumbler to the bolt takes such a
position that it acts as a strut to prevent the return of the bolt by operating the handle
on the ordinary tumbler and the opening of the door from the side on which this
handle is situated. By means of a suitable device such as a small additional lock or
bolt or lifter can be operated by a key from this side of the door to remove the afore-
said link from its obstructing position. When it is desired that the bolt shall not be
capable of being withdrawn by the operation of the handle at either side of the door
but only by means of a key or instrument by which is operated the bolt or lifter which
acts on the link which operates as a strut as aforesaid, I make a projection
on the link which engages behind a projection in the lock case when the bolt

page_text: s overshot so as to retain the link in its position as a strut from which it
can only be removed by the key or instrument which operates the bolt or lifter
to remove the link from its position as a strut. The said bolt or lifter may itself
form the projection behind which the projection on the link engages. In this
case the said bolt or lifter will first have to be operated to raise the link and then be
withdrawn again. It will be understood if the bolt or lifter is only accessible from
one side the door after being secured can only be released from that side and that if I
use a double link and two bolts or lifters one for acting on one part of the link and the
other for acting on the other part of the link and that each said bolt or lifter can only
be operated the one from one side of the door and the other from the other side that
I provide a lock which when the latch bolt is overshot and locked in that position on
one side can only be released from the side on which it was locked. In order to
indicate when the latch bolt is merely "on the latch" and when it is overshot I attach
to the spindle or spindles by which the bolt is actuated a lever which by a chain cord
or other attachment is connected with a flap or indicator in such manner that when
the bolt is "on the latch" the flap hangs down or the indicator otherwise shews that
this is the case but when the spindle is turned to overshoot the bolt the flap is raised
or the indicator operated to indicate that the bolt is in its overshot position. To prevent
tampering the chain cord or connection may be led to the flap or indicator behind a
finger plate or in a beading. When a flap is used the face which is presented when
the door is "
on the latch" may bear a mark to indicate this whilst it may be so
arranged that it is brought into a horizontal position when the bolt is overshot and its
edge may be V shaped and be marked on both parts with an indication that the door
is locked which can be seen from all directions. Inside the door may be a pointer
attached to the spindle which comes opposite marks to indicate the latched or locked
positions of the bolt. The indicating device may take various forms in place of that
of a flap actuated by a cord or chain as hereinbefore described for example the lever
on the spindle of the handle may have a pin on it engaging in an inclined groove on
an indicating cylinder which is turned as the spindle is moved and a face or portion
brought into view indicating the position of the spindle and therefore of the bolt. Or
the spindle may carry an arm having a plate on it which as it is moved in front of a
plate or behind apertures brings into view or obstructs the view of an indication of the
position of the bolt. The hereinbefore described link acting as a securing strut may
be applied to safe locks wherein one spindle is used to operate two or more bolts such
for example as by a toothed wheel on the spindle engaging with racks on the bolts.
This will be effected by connecting the link at one end to a projection from the main
bolt and at the other end by a short tumbler or link turning loosely on the operating
spindle or on any other suitable centre-A lifter or bolt of a small additional lock may
be provided for removing the link from its position as a locking strut and in this or
the preceding cases a stop (which may be removeable) may be provided so that the
key or instrument which operates this lifter or bolt cannot be turned completely round
and can only be withdrawn by being turned back again so that there is no danger
of the link not being left in its locking position as a strut-To retain bolts in position
so that there is no danger of their falling either out or in or being accidentally shot out
or withdrawn, when used in a vertical position I fix on the spindle of the operating
handle a tumbler or arm which is connected by a link to the bolt. This tumbler or
arm being (when the bolt is in the withdrawn position) on the side of the spindle
opposite to that at which the bolt is situated is curved or formed to pass clear of the
spindle and tumbler boss. The tumbler when the bolt is shot comes against a stop and
when the bolt is withdrawn the link rests against the tumbler and in either case the
centre by which the tumbler is attached to the link lies out of the line of the bolt and
spindle so as to prevent the bolt being moved by action applied in a right line or
otherwise than by the operation of turning the handle on the spindle. There may be
another arm on the tumbler which when the bolt is locked may come against the loop
of a padlock inserted through a hole in the bolt casing so as to prevent the bolt being
withdrawn I may use in connection with the bolt a spring which bears on the before
mentioned tumbler so as to normally cause the bolt to project as a sneck bolt-The bolt

page_text: cannot be carried beyond the position by the spring because the second arm on the
tumbler comes against the spring to prevent its further movement. To prevent the
bolt being withdrawn there may be a second tumbler with a projection on it which can
be caused to engage with a notch on the first named tumbler when the second tumbler
is turned by a suitable key or instrument or a small lock may be used in place of the
second tumbler or the said second tumbler may be caused to raise the connecting link
from its position as a strut substantially as hereinbefore described with regard to latch
bolts. The link may have a projection on it which will prevent the bolt being with-
drawn until the locking bolt or tumbler which removes the link from its position as a
strut is returned to its normal position substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated 4th September 1886.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent for Thos. Galloway.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks, Latches, and Bolts, and Indicators
Connected therewith.
I THOMAS GALLOWAY of the Firm of W. Galloway and Company of Gateshead on
Tyne in the County of Durham Nail Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My present Invention which I will describe with reference to the accompanying
Drawings relates principally to improvements upon the Invention for which Letters
Patent No. 4730 dated 28 October 1881 were granted to me. Figures 1 and 2 of
the Drawings represent a lock constructed according to my present Invention the
parts being shewn in their unlocked position in Figure 1 whilst Figure 2 shews the
position the parts occupy when locked. The rest of the figures, represent modifications
and details hereinafter referred to.
On the ordinary tumbler A I provide a projection B to bear on the rocking lever (
which is pressed forward by a spring D to project the bolt E to its normal position as
a latch as shewn in figure 1. The bolt E however cannot protrude further without
the projection B on the tumbler A moving the rocking lever and compressing the
spring D, therefore the spring serves as a check which whilst preventing the bolt E
being carried out too far by its own impetus, still allows of its being moved further
out by the operation of the handle or handles of the lock.
In order to allow the bolt to be overshot from either side of the door but only to

page_text: be releasable from one side I provide two separate spindles one for each of the
two handles, the one spindle F operating the ordinary tumbler by means of a
handle from one sids of the door and the other spindle G operating another tumbler H
which is connected by a link I to the bolt E, the handle on the spindle G being on
the other side of the door, so that either of the handles may be employed to overshoot
the bolt. When the bolt is overshot the link I connecting the tumbler H to the
bolt E takes such a position (as shewn in Figure 2) that it acts as a strut to prevent
the return of the bolt by means of the handle on the spindle F of the ordinary
tumbler A, and the opening of the door from the side thereof on which the handle on
this spindle F is situated. The bolt however may be readily returned by means of
the handle on the spindle G, by turning which spindle slightly in the required
direction the link I will be raised into the position shewn by dotted lines in figure 2
and then by a further rotation of the spindle the bolt may be returned into the box
and the door opened. By means of a suitable device such for example as a small
additional lock as shewn at K a bolt or lifter can be operated by a key, from the side
of the door on which the handle on the spindle F is situated, so as to remove the
aforesaid link I from its obstructing position shewn by full lines in Figure 2, to
that shewn by the dotted lines in the said Figure 2, and then by turning the
spindle F by means of the handle thereon, the bolt E may be returned so as to
open the door.
Figure 3 illustrates an arrangement in which the bolt E is not capable of being
withdrawn by the operation of the handle at either side of the door except by means
of a key or like instrument by which the lifter or bolt of the small lock is caused to
act on the link I as aforesaid. In the arrangement the link I has a projection i which
engages, when the bolt E is overshot, behind a projection in the lock case which
projection may be the bolt k of the small lock K as shewn, so as to retain the link I
in its position as a strut as shewn by full lines and from which position it can only be
removed by the key or instrument which operates the bolt or lifter K into that shewn
by dotted lines. In this case the said bolt or lifter will first have to be operated to
raise the link and then be withdrawn again the link being retained in its elevated
position by holding one of the handles on the spindle G or F, and then by rotating
the said handle in the required direction the bolt E may be withdrawn. The key of
the small lock K may be used on either side of the door so as to raise the link into
the position for enabling the bolt E to be withdrawn by means of either of the handles
of the main lock,
Figures 4, 5. 6 illustrate an arrangement in which a double link and two small
locks K, K¹, with lifters kk', are employed one for acting on one part of the link I
from one side of the door and the other for acting on the other part of the link from
the opposite side of the door.
A key of a different pattern may be employed to act upon the separate lifters so
that the one used for operating from one side of the door cannot be employed for
operating from the opposite side thereof, and so that when the bolt E is overshot, and
locked in that position, on one side of the door it can only be released from the side of
the door on which it was locked. Let it be assumed for example that the door is
closed and the bolt E overshot, and it be desired to prevent it from being opened from
the outside. The lifter k is elevated by means of the key L on the inside of the door
so as to raise the link I from the position shewn in Figure 6 to that shewn in Figure 5.
The said lifter k by engaging the projection i on the link I will prevent the bolt E
being moved or returned into the lock and as the link I cannot be released from the
lifter by means of the lifter k¹ on the outside of the door the door will remain
fastened and cannot be opened until the lifter k is lowered by means of the key L from
the inside of the door.
In like manner the door may be locked from the outside by means of the key L
raising the lifter k¹ which will engage with the projection on the link I (in a
similar manner as described with reference to the lifter k) and so prevent the door
from being opened from the inside until the lifter k¹ is lowered by means of the key L'
on the outside of the door.

page_text: If desired the projection on the portion of the link I which is acted upon by one
of the lifters k, k from the one side of the door may be dispensed with so as to prevent
the door being locked from that side and enable the door to be opened by the proper
key from the other side of the door.
Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a mode of indicating when the latch bolt is merely "on
the latch" and when it is overshot. To one of the spindles, for example the spindle F,
upon which the handle is fixed by which the bolt is actuated from outside the door I
fit a lever M, which lever is connected by a chain or cord N or other attachment with
a flap or indicator O in such manner that when the bolt is on the latch the flap hangs
down as shewn in Figure 7 so as to expose to view the word "vacant" marked
thereon, but which flap when the spindle is turned so as to overshoot the bolt, is raised
into the position shewn in Figure 8 so as to expose to view the word "engaged," or
other mark or inscription to indicate that the bolt is in its overshot position. To
prevent tampering with the indicator the chain cord or connection N is concealed
behind a finger plate preferably provided with a hollow beading through a hole in
which the chain or other connection N passes to the indicator flap. The edge of the
indicating flap may be V shaped as shewn and be marked on both parts with an
indication so that when it is brought into the horizontal position as shewn in Figure 8,
to indicate that the door is locked such indication may be seen from all directions.
Inside the door I also provide a pointer P figure 9 attached to the operating
spindle G so that when the bolt is overshot the pointer comes opposite the word
"locked," marked on the door or lock case, but which pointer when the bolt is simply
latched comes opposite the word "open." The indicating device may take various
forms in place of that of a flap actuated by a cord or chain as hereinbefore described
for example in cases where the indicator is not required to be situated above the
lock the arrangement illustrated by Figures 10 and 11 may be employed in which
the operating spindle F of the lock is fitted with an arm M provided with a plate O
in front of which is fixed on the door or plate Q having two perforations R therein
and on the door facing these two openings are respectively the words "engaged'
and "disengaged." When the bolt E of the lock is only latched the plate is
in the position to obstruct from view the word engaged as shewn in Figure 10 but
when the spindle F is turned so as to cause the bolt E to be overshot, the plate O
is also moved so as to expose the word "engaged" and to obstruct from view the
word disengaged as shewn by Figure 11.
According to another arrangement illustrated by Figures 12, 13 and 14 the lever or
arm M on the spindle F of the lock is provided with a pin or projection m engaging
in a spiral or inclined groove S in the indicator O which indicator consists of a
partial cylinder and two flat surfaces ab the two flat surfaces having marked thereon
respectively the words "locked" and "open or other desired indications.
When the bolt of the lock is in its latched position the indicator will be in the
position shewn in Figures 12 and 13 to expose to view the face b with the word open
thereon. When however the spindle of the lock is turned so as to overshoot the
bolt to lock the door the lever M will be turned in the direction of the arrows
Figures 12 and 14 whereupon the pin m sliding in the groove S will cause the
indicator O to rotate on its pivots and bring the face a having the word locked into
view as shown in Figure 14 and thus indicate that the door is locked.
Figure 15 illustrates the hereinbefore described link I (acting as a securing strut)
as applied to safe locks wherein one spindle and one tumbler is used to operate two
or more bolts. The tumbler A is mounted loosely on the spindle F so as to be free
to turn thereon and its opposite end is jointed to one end of the link I the opposite
end of which link is similarly jointed to a projection E' on the main bolt E. On
the spindle F is keyed a toothed wheel or segment U in gear with a rack V on
the bolt E.
k is a lifter or bolt of a small additional lock K provided for the purpose of
removing the link from its position as a locking strut, and c is a stop (which may
also be used in the previously described arrangements) to prevent the key or instrument

page_text: employed to operate this lifter or bolt k from being turned completely round and to
ensure it being turned back again in order to withdraw it from the lock so that
there is no danger of the link I not being left in its position as a strut. The
toothed segment or wheel U is turned by means of the handle W fast on the
spindle F and when turned so as to move the main bolt E to its required position
to lock the door, the link I and tumbler A will fall into the position shewn by the full
lines past the line of centres and thereby prevent the bolt being moved. To unlock
the door the link I must be first raised by means of the lifter k into the
position shewn by dotted lines and then the main bolt E may be withdrawn
by turning the handle W in the reverse direction to that for locking_the_door
It is evident that instead of connecting the tumbler to the spindle F as
shewn it may be fitted to turn on a pin suitably situated to admit of the link I falling
slightly out of the line of centres as hereinbefore described. To retain bolts, which
are arranged to work vertically, in position so that there is no danger of their falling
either out or in or of being accidentally shot out or withdrawn, I fix on the spindle F
of the operating handle or tumbler or arm A (see Figures 16 and 17) which
connected by a link I to the bolt E. Figure 16 shews the bolt in its withdrawn
position the tumbler or arm A being above the spindle F or on the side thereof
opposite to that at which the bolt is situated. The link L. is curved or suitably formed
so as to pass clear of the spindle F and tumbler boss. When the bolt is protruded as
shown in Figure 17 the tumbler comes against a stop a the centre of the connection of
the tumbler with the link I being out of line with the centre of the connection of the
link I with the bolt E and the centre on which the tumbler turns the link when in
this position acting as a strut, to prevent the bolt being withdrawn. To protrude the
bolt E, the spindle is turned in the direction of the arrow in Figure 16, to bring the
parts into the position shewn in Figure 17. When the bolt is withdrawn the link I
rests against the boss of the tumbler A and in whichever position the bolt is in the
centre by which the tumbler is attached to the link lies out of the line of the bolt
and spindle so as to prevent the bolt being moved by action applied in a right line
or otherwise than by the operation of turning the spindle F. The tumbler A may be
provided with a projection as shewn at A2 which when the bolt is locked comes against
the loop of a padlock or other obstruction inserted through a hole in the bolt so as to
prevent the bolt being withdrawn without first removing the said padlock or other
obstruction.
Figures 18, 19 and 20 illustrate a modification in which a spring Z is provided
which bears on the tumbler A so as to normally cause the bolt to project as a sneck
bolt as shewn in Figure 18. The bolt is prevented from being accidentally carried
beyond this position by the spring Z pressing upon the arm A² on the tumbler. The
bolt however may be fully protruded into the position shewn in Figures 19 and 20
by turning the spindle F by means of the handle U. To prevent the bolt being with-
drawn when fully protruded I provide a second tumbler H having a projection h
which can be caused to engage with a notch a in the boss of the tumbler A. The
tumbler H is turned by a key or other suitable instrument so as to engage and
disengage the projection h with the said notch a. Or instead of the projection h and
the notch a a small lock such as hereinbefore described may be provided for forcing
the link into position to enable the bolt to be withdrawn by rotating the handle.
Or the second tumbler H may be provided with a projection as shewn at H² Figures 21
and 22 which may be turned by a key or other like instrument so as to move the
connecting link I from its position as a strut substantially as hereinbefore described
with regard to latch bolts, and the link I may have a projection on it as shewn at i
which will prevent the bolt being withdrawn until the locking bolt or tumbler which
removes the link from its position as a strut is returned to its normal position
substantially as hereinbefore described. In cases where the bolt is situated at such
a height or in such a position where it would be difficult to reach, the operating
tumbler may be connected to chains or the like within easy reach by pulling which,
the tumbler may be rotated to operate the bolt.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention and
illustrated several modes or means by which the same may be carried into effect I
wish it to be understood that I do not restrict myself to the particular arrangements
shewn and described as it is obvious that various other arrangements may be adopted
without departing from the nature of my Invention but what I claim is :-
First Lock bolts or latches, and bolts having the sliding part or bolt proper
connected by a link to the operating tumbler so that when the bolt is protruded or
is in its locked position the said link acts as a strut to prevent the bolt being with-
drawn until the connecting link is moved from its position as a strut substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Second-In locks the operating tumbler provided with a projection to bear
against the rocking arm or lever which is acted upon by a spring to project the bolt
of the lock to its normal position as a latch, the said projection acting as a check to
prevent the bolt being projected too far by its own impetus or by the action of the
spring, but which will admit of the bolt being protruded to its locked position by
operating the handle of the lock substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Third A lock having the bolt connected to two separate tumblers each carried
on a separate spindle and each operated by a separate handle on opposite sides of the
door as that the bolt of the lock can be protruded to its locked position by either of
the handles but which bolt can only be withdrawn from its locked position by one
of the said handles substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1
and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Fourth-The combination with the subject matter of the last preceding claiming
clause of means such for example as a small additional lock, by which the connecting
link may be moved into position to admit of the bolt being withdrawn from its locked
position by either of the handles substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Fifth -A notch or projection on the link which connects the bolt of the lock to
one of the tumblers in combination with a moveable engaging piece (such for example
as the bolt of a small lock) by means of which the main bolt of the lock may be
prevented from being withdrawn by the handles on either side of the door until the
moveable piece is disengaged from the notch or projection on the link by means of a
special key or instrument substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Sixth The combination with the connecting link I having a notch or projection,
or notches or projections, of two separate small locks or lifters each operated from
opposite sides of the door substantially as and for the purpose herein before described
with reference to Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Seventh-The combination with the subject matter of either of the previous
claiming clauses of means for indicating when the bolt of the lock is merely latched
and when it is overshot or in its locked position substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figures 8 to 14 of the accompanying drawings.
:-
Eighth In locks for safes wherein one spindle and one tumbler is used for
operating the bolt or bolts of the lock. A toothed wheel or segment gearing into
teeth on the locking bolt, in combination with a link acting as a secuing strut to prevent
the bolt being moved from its locked position until the link is moved from its position
as a strut by means of a special key or instrument operating the bolt of a small lock
or lifter substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 15 of the
accompanying drawings.
Ninth In bolts for doors and the like the combination with the sliding portion E
or bolt proper, of the link I and tumbler A constructed and, arranged to operate
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 16
and 17 of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: Tenth :—The combination with the bolt E link I and tumbler A of the projection A³
and stop a substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated
by Figures 16 and 17 of the accompanying drawings.
Eleventh In bolts for doors and the like the combination with the sliding
portion E or bolt proper the link I and tumbler A with projection A² of the spring
for retaining the bolt in its normal position as a sneck bolt, but which will admit of
the bolt being protruded to its full extent substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by Figures 18, 19 and 20 of the accompanying drawings.
Twelfth The combination with the subject matter of the last preceding claiming
clause of an additional tumbler H provided with a projection h and operated by a
special key or instrument to cause the projection to engage with and disengage
from a notch in the tumbler A to retain the bolt in its protruded position and for
releasing the same to enable the bolt to be withdrawn substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by Figures 18, 19 and 20 of the accompanying drawings.
Thirteenth. In bolts for door and the like in which the bolt proper is connected to
an operating tumbler by a link which acts as a strut to prevent the bolt being moved
from its protruded position the combination with a projection on the connecting link
of a separate tumbler actuated by a special key or instrument substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described with reference to Figures 21 and 22 of the
accompanying drawings.
411 1
CT11007