IMPROVEMENTS IN PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Chadwick, junior, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Rope Manufacturer, and Gustav Albrecht Carl
Bremme, also of Liverpool, Engineer, formerly of Unna, Westphalia,
in the Kingdom of Prussia, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Chadwick and
Gustav Albrecht Carl Bremme at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 7th May 1866.
We, DANIEL CHADWICK, junior, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Rope Manufacturer, and GUSTAV ALBRECHT CARL BREMME, also of Liverpool,
Engineer, formerly of Unna, Westphalia, in the Kingdom of Prussia, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR DRESSING FIBRES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the construction of a heckle disc, that is to say,
a disc carrying heckle pins on its face, and in the combination therewith of a
clearer or clearing disc set at such an angle with the heckle disc that while it
is in contact therewith, and the heckle pins pass through it at one part, it is so
far separated from it at the part diametrically opposite that the heckle pins.
are clear of it at that part. The fibres to be operated upon are fed to the
heckle pins at that part of their revolution where they pass through the
clearer, and as the disc revolves the pins are drawn out of the clearer and

page_text: the fibres held by them being prevented passing through the clearer fall on
to a table or otherwise,
Our machinery is by preference arranged as follows:-Upon a bed plate
standards are bolted which support in bearings a shaft, on which are keyed
fast and loose pulleys and a metal disc. To this disc segmental pieces of wood
are secured; they carry heckle combs or pins. Other standards support in
bearings a second shaft set at an angle with the first-named shaft, This shaft
has keyed thereon a clearer or clearing disc composed of a frame with
segmental openings corresponding to the segmental pieces of wood, and of
coverings to the openings with holes or slots therein for the heckle combs or
pins to work through; or these coverings may consist of bars to fit between
the rows of pins. The feeding rollers are held in brackets bolted to rails
which are secured to the standards before named; these brackets also support
a shaft, on which is a screw or worm which gears into a wheel on the lower
feed roller. This shaft carries a pulley actuated from a pulley on the shaft
of the clearer. The shafts of the heckle disc and of the clearer revolve
together and simultaneously, One of the discs carries near its periphery at
intervals projections or arms which fit into corresponding recesses in the other
disc. Sometimes we mount the discs on the same shaft, and connect them
to each other by a ball-and-socket joint, or otherwise in such manner that
one of the discs is rigid with the shaft, and the other disc is kept at an angle
with the same by lateral pressure produced by a roller or otherwise, while the
discs rotate simultaneously. The heckle disc may be placed vertically, or
horizontally, or inclined, and it may be circular, or of other convenient shape.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Daniel Chadwick
and Gustav Albrecht Carl Bremme in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th December 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DANIEL
CHADWICK, junior, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Rope Manu- s
facturer, and GUSTAV ALBRECHT CARL BREMME, also of Liverpool, Engineer,
formerly of Unna, Westphalia, in the Kingdom of Prussia, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her 3
reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,

page_text: the said Daniel Chadwick and Gustav Albrecht Carl Bremme, Her special
licence that we, the said Daniel Chadwick and Gustav Albrecht Carl
Bremme, our executors; administrators, and assigns, or such others as wė,
the said Daniel Chadwick and Gustav Albrecht Carl Bremme, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others;
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRESSING
FIBRES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Daniel Chadwick
and Gustav Albrecht Carl Bremme, or one of us, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within seven calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we; the said Daniel Chadwick and Gustav
Albrecht Carl Bremme, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention;
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
Our Invention consists in the construction of a heckle disc, that is to say, a
disc carrying heckle teeth or pins on its face; and in the combination therewith
of a clearer or clearing disc set at such an angle with the heckle disc that
while it is in contact therewith, and the heckle pins pass through it at one
part, it is so far separated from it at the part diametrically opposite that the
beckle pins are clear of it at that part. The fibres to be operated upon are
fed to the heckle pins at that part of their revolution where they pass through
the clearer; and as the disc revolves the pins are drawn out of the clearer, and
the fibres held by them are prevented passing through the clearer.
A distinguishing feature in our Invention is that the heckle teeth or pins
revolve in a plane parallel or nearly so with the axes of the feeding rollers, while
in former machinery for dressing fibres the heckle teeth or pins have been
made to revolve in planes at right angles or nearly so with the axes of the
feeding rollers,. that is to say, that the shaft round which the heckle teeth or
pins in our machinery revolve is at right angles or nearly so with the axes of
the feeding rollers instead of being parallel or nearly so therewith, as in former
machinery.

page_text: Our machinery is, by preference, arranged as follows:-Upon a bed plate
standards are bolted which support in hearings a shaft on which are keyed
fast and loose pulleys and a metal disc; to this disc segmental pieces of wood
are secured; they carry heckle combs or pins. Other standards support in
bearings a second shaft set at an angle with the first-named shaft; this shaft
has keyed thereon a clearer or clearing disc composed of a frame with seg-
mental openings corresponding to the segmental pieces of wood and of coverings
to the openings with holes or slots therein for the heckle combs or pins to
work through, or these coverings may consist of bars to fit between the rows.
of pins. The feeding rollers are held in brackets bolted to rails which are
secured to the standards before named; these brackets also support a shaft on.
which is a screw or worm wheel which gears into a wheel on the lower feed
roller; this shaft carries a pulley actuated from a pulley on the shaft of the
clearer. The shafts of the heckle disc and of the clearer revolve together
and simultaneously; one of the discs carries near its periphery at intervals
projections or arms which fit into corresponding recesses in the other disc.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a plan, partly in section, of a
machine constructed according to the arrangement just described; Figures 2
and 3 are sections through the lines A, B, and C, D, respectively of Figure 1.
a is a bed plate, and 6 standards bolted thereon; these standards carry
bearings supporting a shaft c, on which fast and loose pulleys d, e, are keyed;
f is a metal disc also keyed on the shaft c; 9, 9, are segmental pieces of
wood secured to the disc f; these pieces 9 carry heckle combs or teeth h;
i, i, are other standards which support in bearings a second shaft j set at an
angle, as shown, with the shaft c. The shaft j has keyed thereon a clearer or
clearing disc composed of a frame, as seen in Figure 3, with segmental
openings 1, 1, corresponding to the segmental pieces 9, 9, and of coverings to
the openings 1, 1, with holes therein, as shewn at m, or slots as shown at n,
for the heckle combs or teeth h to work through; o, o, are the feeding rollers
held in brackets p bolted to rails 9 which are secured to the standards i, i;
the brackets p also support a shaft r, on which is a worm in gear with a worm
wheels on the lower feed roller o. The shaft r carries a pulley t driven from
a pulley u on the shaft j. The shafts c and j revolve together and simul-
taneously, and the clearing disc k carries near it periphery at intervals pro-
jections or arms which take into corresponding recesses in the disc f.
Owing to the heckle disc f and the clearing disc k being set at an angle to.
ench other the heckle teeth pass through the disck when they come opposite,
that is to say, facing the feeding rollers o, o, and operate upon the fibre fed to
them; and when the teeth reach the part of their revolution diametrically
'

page_text: opposite the feeding rollers they are drawn out of the clearing disc and the
fibre held by them is prevented passing through the clearing disc. The heckle
disc may be placed vertically, or horizontally, or inclined, and it may be
circular or of other convenient shape. Sometimes we mount the disc on the
same shaft and connect them to each other by a ball-and-socket joint or
otherwise in such manner that one of the discs is rigid with the shaft and the
other disc is kept at an angle with the same by lateral pressure or otherwise
while the discs rotate simultaneously.
.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section showing the arrangement with ball-and-
socket joint. a is the heckle disc and 6 the clearing disc mounted on the
same shaft c, and connected to the disc a by a ball-and-socket joint d; the
disc a is rigid with the shaft, and the disc 6 is kept at an angle therewith by
means of lateral pressure applied thereto at one point of the revolution of the
disc 6 by a roller e. The action is the same as before; the heckle teeth pass
through the disc 6 when they face the feeding rollers, and. are withdrawn and
thereby cleared from the fibre when they reach the part of their revolution
diametrically opposite the feeding rollers.
A modification of our Invention consists in mounting the segmental pieces
carrying the teeth or combs on the ends of links, the opposite ends of which
are connected to a disc or ring; this disc or ring is mounted on the same
shaft as the clearing disc which in this case is rigid with the shaft, while the'
disc or ring of the combs or teeth is kept at the desired angle with the clear**
ing disc by lateral pressure applied by a fixed ring or. disc_having an inclined
surface.
This modification is represented in horizontal section in Figure 5. a, a,
are standards carrying bearings in which a shaft b revolves; this shaft carries
fast and loose pulleys c, d, and a shaft e free to swivel according to the motion
given by the inclined surface of a ring or disc f fixed to the back standard a, and
against which a disc or ring 9 carried by the shaft e bears. The disc or ring g
has connected thereto by ball-and-socket or other joints links h, the opposite
ends of which carry segmental pieces i, to which are attached combs or
teeth j. The segmental pieces i are connected to the links by ball-and-
socket or other joints; k is the clearing disc keyed on the shaft a, and
having segmental openings corresponding to the pieces i, which openings
have coverings m formed with holes for the heckle combs or teeth to work
through; n, n, are the feeding rollers.
Figure 6 is a back view of the disc k and segmental pieces i; the action is
the same as in the arrangements previously described. As the shaft a
revolves the heckle teeth pass through the clearing disc k when they face the

page_text: feeding rollers, and are withdrawn and cleared of the fibre when they reach
the part of their revolution diametrically opposite the feeding rollers.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we do not limit our-
selves to the precise arrangements or to the particular shape of the parts of
machinery herein before described and represented in the annexed Drawings,
as the same may be variously modified without departing from our Invention ;
but we claim as our "Improvements in Machinery for Dressing Fibres,"―
First, the employment of a disc carrying heckle teeth or pins, and the
combination therewith of a clearer or clearing disc set at such an angle there-
with that while the heckle teeth or pins pass through it at one part they are
clear of it at the part diametrically opposite, substantially in the manner and
for the purpose herein-before described.
Second, the arrangement of machinery, substantially as herein-before
described and represented in Figures 1, 2, and 8 of the accompanying
Drawings, acting in manner and for the purpose described.
Third, the arrangement of machinery, substantially as herein-before described
and represented in Figure 4 of the accompanying Drawings, acting in the
manner and for the purpose described.
Fourth, the arrangement of machinery, substantially as herein-before
described and represented in Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying Drawings,
acting in manner and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Chadwick, for myself and on
behalf of the said Gustav Albrecht Carl Bremme, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-six.
DANIEL CHADWICK, JUN³. (LS.)