IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES FOR TURNING
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Bradley Ardrey, Samuel Beckett, and
Walton Smith, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES FOR TURNING."
Sealed the 21st June 1864, and dated the 23rd December 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Bradley Ardrey,
Samuel Beckett and Walton Smith at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 23rd December 1863.
We, SAMUEL BRADLEY ARDREY, SAMUEL BECKETT, and WALTON SMITH, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES FOR TURNING,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, in an arrangement which may be adapted to
radial chucks or otherwise employed to centre the article to be turned. For
this purpose we use a bush mounted so as to be capable of sliding upon
the lathe spindle and of giving motion to a rod situate within the said
spindle.
In applying this part of our Invention to a radial chuck the rod imparts a
sliding motion to a second external bush which carries levers acting upon the
radial slides, and we cause it when slidden forward to discharge the turned
article.
As another example of applying the above-mentioned sliding bush and
internal rod we cause the latter to constitute a mandril or centre for the article
to be turned.

page_text: Another part of our Invention consists in the employment of a slide rest on
cach side of the article to be turned, which slide rests are caused to advance
by the rotation of a disc carrying two excentric pins.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Bradley Ardrey, Samuel Beckett, and Walton Smith
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd June 1864.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
BRADLEY ARDREY, SAMUEL BECKETT, and WALTON SMITH, of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said Samuel Bradley Ardrey, Samuel Beckett, and Walton
Smith, Her special license that we, the said Samuel Bradley Ardrey, Samuel
Beckett, and Walton Smith, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Samuel Bradley Ardrey, Samuel Beckett, and
Walton Smith, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LATHES FOR TURNING," upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said
Samuel Bradley Ardrey, Samuel Beckett, and Walton Smith, by an instru-
ment in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said .Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Beckett, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to an arrangement which may be adapted to
radial chucks or otherwise employed to centre the article to be turned, and is

page_text: shewn at Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawing, the former being a
front elevation and the latter an end view.
The lathe spindle is shewn at a, upon which is mounted loosely a bush v, so'
as to be capable of sliding thereon; one end of this bush is provided with a
boss c having an annular recess within which is situate pins projecting from a
fork d, which fork is a portion of a lever c capable of being turned upon a
centre at f. The bush 6 carries a pin g which passes through a longitudinal
slot formed in the lathe spindle a and through a rod h with which it is fast;
upon the lathe spindle is also a second bush i, which carries a pin k passing
through a slot in the said spindle and through the rod h with which it is fast.
To the bush i are connected links 2 jointed at their other ends to levers m
which are capable of turning upon centres n carried by the chuck o. There
are three of the levers m, corresponding to the three radial sliding pieces p,
adapted to the chuck, and the ends 9 of these levers pass through blocks r
mounted within the radial sliding pieces p, as seen in Fig. 2. On each side
of the blocks r are filling pieces s, t, pressed downward by set screws u, and
the use of which will hereafter be alluded to. The article to be turned on
its face, a wharve of spinning machinery for instance, is placed against a ring v
projecting from the body of the chuck, and the lever e is then turned so as to
cause the bush b to slide upon the lathe spindle. This sliding of the said bush
will, through the medium of the pin g, have caused the rod h also to slide in
the same direction, carrying with it by means of the pin k the second bush i,
and thus the links will force upward the ends of the levers m, which by
turning upon their centres n will cause the ends 9 to move downward carrying
5 with them the radial pieces p and closing them upon the article to be turned:
This is the position of the parts shewn in the Drawing. The turning having
been effected the lever e is turned so as to cause the bush b to slide in the
opposite direction, by which means the other bush i will also be caused to
slide, pulling down the levers m through the medium of the links and causing
o the ends q to turn upward so as to draw the radial pieces p from the article
which has been operated upon. The above-described sliding of the bush b,
and consequently similar movement of the rod h, will have caused the end of
the said rod to project through the ring and the turned article will thus bė
thrust forward and will fall down so as to permit another to be adapted. The
5 filling pieces s, t, above alluded to are adapted for the purpose of suiting the
chuck to articles of different diameters. It is evident that by changing these
-filling pieces the radial holders p may be made to act at different distances
from the centre of motion.
Another part. of our Invention, and in which we use a sliding internal rod

page_text: with sliding bush, is shewn at Figs. 3 and 4, the object in this case being that
the said internal rod shall constitute a mandril or centre for the article to be
turned. At 6 is the bush, which is in this instance caused to slide by means
of a lever w, against which the workman may place his foot so as to cause it
to turn upon a centre at x.
The axis of this lever carries a bevil pinion y
taking into another mounted upon the axis 1 of a fork 2, which fork is
connected to the bush b, which may thus be caused to slide on the lathe
spindle. The internal rod is shewn at 3 mounted within the lathe spindle 4
and connected as before to the bush by a pin 5. At 6 is a fixed centre upon
which is mounted a collar 7 capable of being slidden forward by a lever 8,.
which is mounted so as to turn upon a centre 9, the said lever being connected
to the collar 7,by a pin 10. When an article is to be turned (the Drawing shews.
a wharve) the bush 6 is caused to slide upon the lathe spindle 4, by which
means the internal rod 8 will be withdrawn, the article is then placed on the
centre 6, and the lever w on being liberated will be caused to turn by a
spring 11 so as to slide the bush 6 and internal rod 3 forward, the end of which
rod is formed so as to pass into the article to be turned, it being supposed that
it has previously been bored. This sliding of the rod 3 is assisted by a spring 3*
placed within the lathe spindle. This movement will have brought the end of
the said sliding rod against the fixed centre 6, by which means it becomes
steadied, after which the lever 8 is turned so as to force forward the collar 7,
thereby driving the article securely on to the end of the rod 3, and the turning
may then be effected. For the removal of the turned article it will merely
be necessary to turn the lever w so as to slide the bush and consequently
rod 3 backward, when it will fall from the withdrawn end of the rod 3.
Another part of our Invention consists in the employment of a slide rest at
each side of the article to be turned, which slide rests are caused to advance by
the rotation of a disc carrying two excentric pins. This improvement is shewn
at Figs. 3 and 4 before referred to, the article to be turned being supposed as
before a wharve. At 20, 21, are two slide rest carrying the tools 22, which
slide rests, however, may at present be considered as simple blocks and mounted
upon two other slide rests 23, which are those used for advancing the tools
during the operation of turning. To each of the slide rests 23 are connected
links 24, which at their other ends are connected to a disc 25 mounted upon a
shaft 26. This shaft carries at its lower end a bevil pinion 27 taking into
another pinion 28 mounted upon a horizontal shaft, which shaft is provided
with a lever 29; by turning this lever, therefore, the disc 25 is caused to revolve
in the one direction or the other, and thus through the medium of the links 24
the cutters are caused to advance towards or are drawn from the article under

page_text: operation. It has been stated that the tools are carried immediately by upper
slide rests 20, 21, the object of which is that when a new tool is adapted or
an old one ground an adjustment may be effected by the said upper slide
rests, after which the lower pair shewn at 23 are used during the operation" of
turning. By the above-described improvements the lathes may be kept
running during the consecutive turning of a number of separate articles.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same, is to be performed, we desire it to be
understood that we claim, as secured to us under the above in part recited
Letters Patent,
Firstly, the use of the external bush mounted upon the lathe spindle and
the sliding rod mounted within the same, for the purposes of bringing
together and separating a radial chuck and also for discharging the finished
article.
Secondly, the use of the external bush connected to an internal sliding rod
which acts as a centre.
Thirdly, the use of a slide rest on each side of the lathe, caused to advance
or withdraw the tools by the rotation of excentric pins.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Beckett, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
SAMITEL BECKETT