Improvements in the Construction and Working of Oil-cake Presses.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction and Working of Oil-cake
Presses.
1 HERBERT LAMBERT of 65 Albion Street, Leeds, in the County of York,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of oil-cake presses,
whereby the heated meal is compressed into cakes with greater expedition than
heretofore.
In carrying out my invention, I have embodied several features common to oil-
cake presses, but these I have combined in such a manner as to obtain automatic
action in mechanism for supplying and measuring the meal, for filling the meal
boxes preparatory to the compression of the meal into cakes, and in the discharge
of the moulded cakes from the meal boxes simultaneously with the supply of fresh
quantities of measured meal, to take the place of the discharged cakes. Thus,
I provide a table to carry the measuring chambers which are to receive the meal
from the kettle.
This table will carry, say, 4 meal chambers, which, by the rotation of the table
by hand, as heretofore, will be passed under the mouth piece of a meal supply
kettle provided with cut-off slides. These cut-off slides actuate by hydraulic
mechanism. Into the meal chambers, before passing round to the kettle, a plate
is dropped, forming a loose bottom to the chamber, and this bottom is covered as
usual with a cloth. Each chamber, as it arrives at a position to receive a charge
of meal, rests above the plunger of an bydraulic cylinder, which plunger, entering
the chamber, will lift the loose plate to the required extent for gauging the
amount of meal to be received into the chambers, and will then retire to its
quiescent position, the cut-off slides meanwhile automatically stopping the supply.
For receiving the measured quantities of meal to form cakes, and for submitting
the same to the presses, I provide three meal boxes, which are in turn brought into
line with a filling plunger, rising from an hydraulic cylinder situate intermediate
between a pair of hydraulic presses.
By means of a valve which regulates a supply of water under pressure to the
hydraulic cylinders connected respectively with the cut-off slides of the kettle, the
plunger of the measuring chambers, and the filling plunger, these separate
operating parts are caused to act automatically by the revolution of cam projec-
tions formed on the underside of the table, which cam projections serve to depress
the valve at each movement of the table.
The meal boxes are temporarily attached to, and carried by, one of two swinging
carriages, pivotted respectively on a column of the pair of presses.
Each carriage
alternately carries two meal boxes, one of which is brought into line with the
plunger of the compressing cylinder, and immediately over a chamber charged with
ineal, while the other meal box, attached to the opposite end of the same carriage,
stands immediately over the plunger of one of the pair of hydraulic presses. The
object of thus mounting the meal boxes on two separate swinging carriages (to and
from which they are to be in succession transferred) is to give them a continuous

page_text: cycle of movements for filling them, and compressing the meal charged into them
from below by the filling plunger, and discharging therefrom the compressed cakes
while the filling is taking place.
As the filling plunger is required to impart considerable pressure to the cakes,
in order properly to fill the meal boxes, it is necessary to close these boxes with a
cover, which will provide the requisite resistance to the upward pressure of that
plunger. This cover may be conveniently hinged to a fixed part of the framing,
and locked in its acting position during the filling operation.
As a modification of my improved automatically working oil press, I propose, in
some cases, to use one pressing cylinder instead of a pair, and to construct the meal
box cover and adjacent parts sufficiently strong to resist the pressure of the
feeding plunger when used, as I may use it, for compressing the meal in the boxes,
and causing a portion of the oil to exude therefrom.
With this simplified arrangement of press, I use two meal boxes only in place of
the three above mentioned as moving in a cycle. These two meal boxes I mount
in a swinging carriage, which moves them alternately over the filling plunger to
be charged with cakes of meal, and over the plunger of the press, to receive the
final pressure for discharging the oil from the cakes.
To provide for the preliminary oil extracting pressure in the meal boxes, I use
a cover for closing the meal boxes and resisting the upward pressure of the filling
plunger, similar to that used in the first described arrangement, but suited to resist
considerably greater pressure than is employed in moulding the cakes.
The meal box carriage swings, as before, on a pillar of the press, and is so
arranged as to place its meal boxes in coincidence with the plungers, which
simultaneously come into action on the contents of the respective meal boxes.
Thus, while the process of extracting the oil by means of the press is taking place,
a preliminary extracting pressure will be iniparted to the cakes by the filling
plunger.
Dated this 10th day of July 1895.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Construction and Working of Oil-cake
Presses.
I HERBERT LAMBERT of 65 Albion Street, Leeds, in the County of York,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction and working of oil-
cake presses, whereby the heated meal is compressed into cakes with greater
expedition than heretofore.
In carrying out my invention, I have embodied several features common to oil-
cake presses, but these I have combined in such a manner as to obtain automatic
action in mechanism for supplying and measuring the meal, for filling the meal
boxes preparatory to the compression of the meal into cakes, for effecting a partial
discharge of the oil while the cakes are under the action of the filling plunger,
and for discharging the moulded and finished cakes from the meal boxes
simultaneously with the supply of fresh quantities of measured meal to the meal
boxes, to take the place of the discharged cakes. By putting pressure on the
meal whilst over the filling plunger, to an extent sufficient for effecting a partial
discharging of the oil, an important practical advantage is obtained, as will be
more particularly referred to hereafter.

page_text: In carrying out my invention in its most perfect form, I provide a table to
carry the measuring chambers which are to receive the meal from the kettle.
This table will carry, say, 4 meal chambers, which, by the rotation of the table by
hand, as heretofore, will be passed under the mouthpiece of a meal-supply kettle
provided with cut-off slides. These cut-off slides I actuate by hydraulic mechanism.
Into the meal chambers, before passing round to the kettle, a plate is dropped,
forming a loose bottom to the chamber, and this bottom is covered, as usual, with
a cloth. Each chamber, as it arrives at a position to receive a charge of meal,
rests above the plunger of an hydraulic cylinder, which plunger, entering the
chamber, will lift the loose plate to the required extent for gauging the amount of
meal to be received into the chambers, and will then retire to its quiescent position,
the cut-off slides meanwhile automatically stopping the supply. For receiving the
measured quantities of meal to form cakes, and for submitting the same to the
presses, I provide three meal boxes, which are in turn brought into line with a
filling plunger rising from an hydraulic cylinder situate intermediate between a
pair of hydraulic presses.
By means of a valve which regulates a supply of water under pressure to the
hydraulic cylinders, the cut-off slides of the kettle, the plunger of the measuring
chambers, and the filling plunger, are caused to act automatically by the revolution
of cam projections formed on the underside of the table, which cam projections
serve to depress the valve at each movement of the table.
The meal boxes are temporarily attached to, and carried by, one of two swinging
carriages pivotted respectively on a column of the pair of presses.
Each carriage
alternately carries two meal boxes, one of which is brought into line with the
plunger of the compressing cylinder, and immediately over a chamber charged
with meal, while the other meal box, attached to the opposite end of the same
carriage, stands immediately over the plunger of one of the pair of hydraulic
presses. The object of thus mounting the meal boxes on two separate swinging
carriages (to and from which they are to be in succession transferred), is to give
them a continuous cycle of movements for filling them, and compressing the meal
charged into them from below by the filling plunger, and discharging therefrom
the compressed cakes, while the filling is taking place.
In the accompanying drawings
:-
Fig. 1 shews in elevation (partly in section) so much of the oil cake press as
illustrates the mounting of the meal boxes in relation to the hydraulic presses and
to the filling plunger.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of so much of the press as will serve to illustrate the
construction of the parts for carrying and shifting the meal boxes.
Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, of so much of the apparatus as will
serve to show the connection of the parts which are set in action by hydraulic
pressure.
Figs. 4 shew, in sectional elevation and plan view, a detail designed to close the
meal boxes when the filling plunger is used for moulding the meal and discharging
oil therefrom.
Fig. 5 shews, in elevation, the filling plunger, and its connection with water
supply valve mechanism.
Figs. 6, 7, and 8, are detail views of the valve and valve box, and the means for
operating the valve.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent, in detail, the construction of the meal boxes.
Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate alternative plans of constructing the catches which
serve to support the plate forced up into the metal box.
Fig. 13 shews, in horizontal section, the means for retaining the ☐ valve in its
depressed position.
Fig. 14 shews, in sectional elevation, the mechanism employed for measuring
the meal.

page_text: Fig. 15 is a partial plan view of the hydraulic mechanism for operating the
off slides; and
Fig. 16 shows the means for fixing the table in position for working.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A is a rotating table, consisting mainly of
4 radial arms carried by a central pivot which is supported in a sleeve socket
forming part of the main frame B. This rotary table is formed, as usual, with
measuring chambers a, one near the extremity of each arm, the chambers being so
formed as to receive and support in position a loose plate which forms the bottom
of the measuring chamber. C is the mouth of the kettle C', which is carried by
standards B. This mouth C stands immediately above the plane of motion of the
rotary table, and serves to discharge a measured quantity of meal into each of the
chambers a, as they are brought into coincidence with it. The table carries, on its
underside, 4 inclined projections a', formed with a bolt-hole to receive a bolt a²
fitted to the main framing, and capable of being drawn back out of action by a
hand lever a³. The use of this bolt is to lock the table when its measuring
chambers have arrived at the position to receive the meal from the kettle. Situate
below the kettle mouth, is the plunger D of a hydraulic cylinder D'. The head
of this plunger, when the table has been brought round in the position to be locked,
is in line with the measuring chamber a and the mouth piece C.
In order to determine the amount of meal to be delivered to the chamber the
position of the loose plate which forms the bottom of the chamber is adjusted by
means of the plunger D, which is caused to enter the chamber for that purpose
(as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 14), and lift the plate to the desired position
for receiving the. meal. This rise of the plunger is effected automatically by the
admission of water to its hydraulic cylinder D', through the movement of a
D-valve contained in a valve box D².
a,
E, Fig. 5, is a D-valve contained in a valve box E', which is in communication
with the hydraulic cylinders F¹ and G' through which the slides for cutting off the
supply of meal, and the plunger for supplying the charges of meal to the meal
boxes, are respectively actuated.
The face of the seat of the valve E is clearly shewn at Fig. 7, and the valve E
is shewn in cross section at Fig. 8. In Fig. 7, 1, 2, 3, and 4, are four ports, the
port 1 being the supply port, and the port 2 the exhaust port; the port 3 leads by
a pipe F2 to the hydraulic cylinder F¹ of the cut-off slides of the kettle mouth-
piece the port 4, by a pipe G2, to the feeding plunger cylinder G.
The underside of the table A is provided with four cans or projections a¹ (Fig. 6),
which, as the table is moved round by hand, severally strike the stem of the
valve E, and depress it, thereby causing it to admit water to the hydraulic
cylinders F and G. The plunger D (Figs. 3 and 14) projects through the
bottom of its cylinder, and carries check nuts d, which determine the amount
of its upward motion.
The supply of water to the cylinder D' is controlled by the movement of one of
the cut-off slides of the kettle, the lever which operates the slide being extended
to bear, by means of an adjusting screw, on the stem of the valve, and keep it
closed, so long as the cut-off slides are closed, and release it for the admission of
water, as the slides are opened.
On water being admitted to the cylinder D', the plunger will carry up the plate
in the chamber a to the limited distance required, and it will thus virtually contract
the capacity of the chamber for receiving the meal. At the same time, the
charge of meal to the chamber a will be delivered by the opening of the slides c
mounted horizontally in the mouth of the kettle. These slides will then close on
one another, and prevent the further passage downward of meal from the kettle.
The movement of the slides c, to cut off the supply, is effected by a pair of
pistons FF, which face each other (see Figs. 2 and 15), working in the horizontal
hydraulic cylinder F¹. The cylinder F1 is connected, at the middle of its length,
by a pipe F2, to the valve box E', for the purpose of admitting water to the

page_text: pistons. These pistons F are severally connected, by means of fulcrummed
levers c', to the slides c. As, therefore, water is admitted by the pipe F³ to the
cylinder (between the pistons), they will be forced out in opposite directions, and
caused to part the slides, as explained, at the same time opening the valve for the
admission of water to the back of the plunger D.
On the shifting of the valve E, the exhaust port 2 in the valve chest will be
opened, and the reverse movement of the pistons F F will take place, to effect the
closing of the slides. For this purpose, the hydraulic cylinder F¹ is connected
with a water-pressure reservoir, which supplies water to the back of the pistons,
and on the counter pressure of the water from the pipe F2 ceasing, the pistons will
be forced from the dotted position of Fig. 15 to the drawn position, and thereby
close the slides..
So soon as the supply of meal to the chamber a is effected, a quarter turn will
be given by hand to the table A, and the attendant having previously inserted
a plate and cloth in the open chamber, preparatory to its being charged with meal,
now lays a second cloth in the chamber on the top of the meal. Meanwhile
another chamber is being filled with meal from the kettle as above described. The
charged chamber a is next advanced to a position immediately above the plunger G,
and under one of a set of cylindrical boxes H placed to receive the meal, which is
now to be forced ont of the chamber a into the box H. Of these boxes H, three
are shown in the drawings, that being a number sufficing for supplying a pair of
presses with cakes of meal which are to be condensed by hydraulic pressure.
II are the presses, intermediate of which the cylinder G₁ is situate. The meal
boxes H and H are attached to opposite ends of a carriage K, which is one of a
pair of swinging carriages K K' mounted respectively on one of the columns of the
presses 11 H2 is a meal box attached to the carriage K', mounted on the
column of the press I¹. These meal boxes interlock at top and bottom with their
swinging carriages, segment-shaped ribs being formed on the bottom side of the
heads of the boxes, to enter segment-shaped slots (see Fig. 24) formed in the ends
of the carriage. Each carriage, Fig. 1, is composed of two parallel castings
connected together by a sleeve, which surrounds its press column, and is supported
on ball bearings. The ends of these castings are shaped to receive the cylindrical
meal boxes, and the meal boxes are secured in position by means of bolts k k³,
which are formed with right and left handed screws fitted into the threaded bosses
of the spur pinions k*k*. These pinions are mounted in lugs projecting from the
sleeve connection of the carriage, and mounted loosely upon each sleeve is a spur
wheel K, which wheels take into the pinions k*, for the purpose of imparting
rotation thereto. Handles are fitted to the spur wheels for rotating the same, and,
when rotated, they will cause the pinions k* to project the bolts k, k¹ on opposite
sides of the carriage, and lock the meal boxes thereto, or withdraw the bolts, and
release them from connection therewith. This mode of attaching and detaching
the meal boxes facilitates their transfer from one carriage to the other. Thus,
when the meal box H is detached from its carriage K in the manner just
described, it will be in a position to be attached to the carriage K', such
attachment being effected by turning the spur wheel of the press 1' and projecting
the bolts of the carriage K
The meal boxes are fitted, near their bottom with spring or equivalent catches,
as shown at Figs. 9, 11, and 12, for the purpose of supporting the loose plates of
the measuring chambers, as they are pushed up into the measuring boxes, for
which purpose the catches are caused to yield to the upward pressure put upon the
plate, to allow it to pass, and then returned to their normal position.
Supposing now a charged chamber to have been brought round to, and
immediately over, the plunger G, this movement of the table will cause the
D-valve to admit water to the cylinder G¹; the plunger G will then rise, and
thrust up the plate, together with the charge of meal, into the overlying meal box.
The plunger will now retire by reason of the cam at on the table being moved
clear of the valve spindle, as the table is bringing around another measuring

page_text: chamber to the kettle to be filled, and thereby allowing the water to escape from
the cylinder G. Before however this takes place, it is necessary to release the
valve, which has been locked in its depressed position, to ensure the maintenance
of the supply of water to the cylinders to the extent needed. This locking of the
valve stem is effected by a spring catch g (see Figs. 5 and 13), which takes into a
notch on the valve stem. This spring catch may be described as a horizontal
slotted sliding bar, through which the stem of the valve passes upward, when its
notch is disengaged from the spring catch.
A tappet g*, following the upward movement of the plunger G, serves to drive
back the spring catch, and release the valve stem. The tappet is conveniently
carried by a rod g', which constitutes the plunger of a small hydraulic cylinder g³,
situate adjacent to the plunger G, and actuated by a permanent water pressure.
The rod g, being forced into contact with the head of the plunger G, will follow
its movements, and thus the tappet will be timed to act as desired, allowing the
valve E to rise under the pressure of the water in the valve box, and open the
ports 3 and 4 to the exhaust port 2, thus closing the slides c, and lowering
the plunger G simultaneously.
Immediately following these movements, the valve will open to its exhaust, and
thereby ensure the descent of the plunger G to the position shown in Fig. 3. The
next quarter turn of the table will effect a repetition of the charging of a measuring
chamber from the kettle. Thus, the descent of the meal into the chamber just
advanced, and the presentation of the charged chamber to the plunger G, will be
simultaneous, and the plunger G, rising as before, will thrust up the plate with the
meal upon it into the meal box, causing that plate with its meal to thrust upwards
the plate last admitted to the meal box, and take its place. A sufficient number
of repetitions of these movements will fill the meal box, but before presenting the
meal-box to the action of the press, it will be necessary to compress somewhat the
charges received into the box.
For this purpose, means is provided for closing the box, and resisting the
upward movement of the charges of meal, so that such a pressure will be imparted
thereto, as will force it to yield up some 15 to 40 per cent. of the oil contained in
the meal.
Bolted to the heads of the presses I I¹, is a cross head L, to which is adjustably
pivotted a triangular block L', (see Figs. 4).
Attached to the lower surface of this block is a piston L2, which is designed
to fit loosely the meal boxes H, as they are severally brought into coincidence
therewith.
The under face of this block L₁ also carries two stops, which are designed to
hold down the meal boxes at the time of the delivery of the moulded cakes.
When the meal box has been sufficiently charged with meal, as above explained,
by the plunger G, a plate which fits the box loosely is laid on the top of the meal,
and the piston L2 is brought by hand into coincidence with the meal box. The
plunger G is then caused to rise, and impart, with the aid of the resisting
piston L2, such pressure for a given time to the meal, as will ensure the discharge
of oil through the longitudinal spaces in the perimeter of the box, whereby the
moulded cakes are brought into a suitable state for receiving the severe pressure
of the finishing presses I or 1. The sustained pressure of the ram G is secured by
the supplementary action upon the ram, of water of a higher pressure, admitted
thereto by the attendant turning on the cock G³.
When the pressure of the ram G has been maintained sufficiently long, the duty
of the attendant will be to lower the ram G, and thereby drop the meal box (if it
has been carried up by friction of contact) clear of the piston L².
The attendant's next duty will be to disengage the meal box from its carriage,
say K, by withdrawing the bolts k k', and locking the box to the carriage K¹ by
means of the bolts kk of that carriage. The charged box II is next swung round
to the position of H2, Figs. 1 and 2, and locked in place in the hydraulic press by
a vertical sliding bar k³, actuated by a hand lever k*. The carriage K¹ will, by

page_text: this movement, have brought the meal box H2 into the position for filling, but.
supposing this box to contain already compressed cakes from which the oil has
been exhausted, it will, when brought over the ram or plunger G, be ready to.
receive a further supply of meal.
Before this operation has commenced, the attendant will swing round the
block L', to bring the stops into coincidence with the top edge of the meal box,
the ascent of which, under the pressure of the ram G, will be arrested, leaving a
sufficient space between the block L' and the box, for the discharge of the finished.
cakes. Thus, as the box is, by the repeated ascent of the plunger G, charged
from the bottom with measured quantities of meal, as already explained, it will be-
caused, by the upward pressure of the plunger G, to deliver the moulded cakes at
the top, which will be removed by the attendant until the whole of the finished
cakes are discharged. When this box is fully charged in the manner described.
with reference to the box H, and the meal contained therein properly compressed,.
as above described, it is unlocked from the carriage K', and again locked to the
carriage K.
The box is then shifted by the attendant swinging round the carriage K into..
the press I, and the box, thereby removed from that press, will be brought over
the plunger G, to be filled or refilled in its turn.
The meal boxes used in this apparatus are constructed in some respects like-
those in common use, that is to say, they are composed of a series of metal laths.
bound together in such a way as to provide for the free escape of the oil exuding
from the meal while under the action of the hydraulic press. They are however
open at both ends, for the purpose of admitting the meal at the bottom, and
discharging it in the form of compressed cakes at the top. The temporary bottom.
of the meal box consists, as already explained, of a loose plate thrust up from the
measuring chambers a, and held in place by the catches carried by the bottom
head of the mould box. Of these catches, I have shown at Figs. 9, 11, and 12,.
three forms; that illustrated by Fig. 9 is one of three sliding pins /², which are
chamfered at their outer end, to receive the bevilled surface of an overlying
weight, surrounding the meal box. The pressure of this weight gives the
catches a tendency inwards; the pins are also chamfered at the underside of their
inner ends, to facilitate their yielding to the upward pressure put upon the meal
plate by the plunger G.
In Fig. 11, the catch 2 is also a sliding pin, the outer end of which is pressed.
upon by a weighted bell-crank lever h³.
In Fig. 12, the catch is a sliding pin pressed inwards by a coiled spring, which
yields to the end way pressure put upon the catch by the ascending meal plate,.
and thrusts the catch inwards as soon as the plate has passed up.
As a modification of my improved oil press, I propose, in some cases, to use:
one pressing cylinder instead of a pair.
With this simplified arrangement of press, I use two meal boxes only, in place-
of the three above mentioned as moving in a cycle. These two meal boxes.
I mount in a swinging carriage, which moves them alternately over the filling
plunger to be charged with meal, and over the plunger of the press, to receive the
final pressure for discharging the oil from the cakes.
The meal box carriage swings, as before, on a pillar of the press, and I provide,
in lieu of the rotary table A of the first arrangement, a similar contrivance for
transmitting the meal from the measuring chamber to the meal boxes. This.
swinging transmitter carries, at its opposite ends, receptacles of sufficient depth to
receive some 6 or 8 charges of meal, which may be simultaneously brought under
the meal box, to be filled by the ascent of the filling plunger.
Fig. 17 shows, in side elevation, the modified arrangement of oil press; and
Fig. 18 is a plan view of the same.
In these figures, A is the kettle mounted on standards B. C is a measuring
chamber. This chamber is formed slightly taper, and of the capacity to receive !
a charge of meal sufficient to form a moulded cake. This chamber slides on a

page_text: plate D, and is moved to and fro by hand under the opening in the kettle. The
plate D, which has an opening in it, is supported by one of the columns of a
press E, on which column is also pivotted the swinging transmitter F, fitted at its
opposite ends with loose receptacles ff, the internal diameter of which corresponds
with that of the opening in the fixed plate D.
These receptacles fare formed with an internal rim, intended to carry a loose
bottom, and to receive alternately charges of meal from the measuring chamber,
which is slidden to and fro under the kettle by hand, and caused to discharge the
meal into the receptacles, each charge being received by a loose plate and cloth,
as in the above described machine.
The swinging frame F is so situate with regard to the filling press and plate D,
that, when one receptaclef is in position to receive a charge, the other receptacle f
will be immediately over the filling plunger G, which is designed, as in the former
arrangement, to fill the meal boxes H carried by the swinging frame K, mounted
on a column of the press E. In this instance, however, some 6 or 8 cakes will
he thrust into the meal box at a time, or at one rise of the plunger, thereby
quickening the operation of the press.
To enable the meal boxes to resist the extracting pressure of the ram or filling
plunger G, the same means is provided as that described with reference to the
first arrangement, and the shifting of the meal boxes from the filling plunger to
the finishing press, and vice versa, will be, as before, effected by swinging the
carriage K, by hand, half a turn, stops being provided to prevent an excess of
movement.
From the foregoing it will be understood, that while the process of extracting
the oil by means of the press E is taking place, a preliminary extracting pressure
will be imparted to the cakes by the filling plunger G, and the cakes will be
thereby better prepared to receive the more energetic pressure of the finishing
press.
To ensure a close fit between the receptacles fand the meal boxes H, the latter
are, at their lower end, slightly coned outwards, and the top edge of the
receptacles is chamfered to an edge to fit the boxes, as shown at Fig. 19.
On either side of the filling plunger are two small hydraulic rams f¹, which are
intended to lift the receptacles f, as they are severally brought round to fill the
meal boxes H, and hold the receptacle presented to the meal box in close contact
therewith.
It may be remarked, that although I have described the two-press arrangement
as furnished with the automatic meal-supplying mechanism, and the single-press
arrangement as furnished with hand meal-supplying mechanism, both arrangements
may be fitted with either the automatic or the hand mechanism, as may be
desired.
I would also remark, that although I have described my improvements in
presses as used for the moulding of oil cakes only, they are equally applicable to
the moulding of cakes composed of, for example, rice husks, ground maize, ground
locust beans, damaged wheat, and to the moulding of compound feeding cakes,
consisting mainly of ground rape seed or ground cotton seed, combined with other
nutritious materials.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the construction of oil-cake presses, the use of the hydraulic apparatus
above described, which provides for the automatic action of the meal measurer and
the meal-box filling plunger, on axial motion being imparted to the table which
carries the meal measuring chambers.
2. The arrangement of mechanism for bringing the meal boxes over the filling
plunger, and transferring them, by a cycle of movements, to the hydraulic presses,
as and for the purpose above described.

page_text: 3. In the working of oil presses, the partial extraction of the oil from the
meal by the action of the plunger which fills the meal boxes and discharges the
finished cakes therefrom, as and for the purpose above set forth.
Dated this 10th day of April 1896.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.