Improvements in Cased Tubing and Rods for Various Purposes, and in other Cased Metal Articles, also in the Method of Producing the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 25th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 9th Dec.. 1899
Improvements in Cased Tubing and Rods for Various Purposes, and in
other Cased Metal Articles, also in the Method of Producing
the same.
I, CHARLES HARVEY, of The Swifts, South Yardley, near the City of Birming-
ham, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to cased tubing and cased rods for various purposes,
such as stair-rods; curtain rods; cornice poles; fender rods and tubes; rails,
rods, pillars and other bedstead work; picture rods and the like; also to cased
hinges and other cased articles; and also to the manufacture or production of
such cased articles.
The principal object of my invention is to admit of the employment of very
thin casing metal and thereby incidentally to reduce the cost of manufacture,
and another object is to produce sharpness of the edges of angular-sectioned
lengths or clearly defined patterns or sections in the case of corrugated, reeded
and like ornamental lengths.
In ordinary cased tubes and rods, the casing metal is applied directly onto a
naked iron or other hard metal foundation, in consequence of which, the said
casing metal has to be of some considerable thickness in order to admit of the
production of sharp or clearly defined edges or patterns of or upon them, and to
prevent searing or bursting during the process of covering.
According to my invention, I interpose between the casing metal, which is
made of thin sheet brass or other ductile metal or alloy, and the hard foundation,
a body or thickness of soft metal or alloy constituting a bed or force which flows
easily in conforming or lending itself to the figure imparted to the ductile casing
metal.
In carrying out one form of my invention in connection with a length of brass
cased tubing, I first take a foundation in the form of a length of iron or other
hard metal tubing, and pull over the same a sheath or cover of soft metal, such
as compo," lead, terne metal, or the like. The soft metal sheath is tightened
onto the foundation by a drawing process and over the composite tube thereby
obtained a thin sheet brass or other ductile metal casing is pulled and subse-
quently closed or drawn down upon it through a die, which may impart the
desired cross section to the whole, although the sectional shape may be given
to the composite rod length in stages or by a succession of processes.
The interposed soft metal, instead of being closed over the hard foundation,
may be made to form a lining to the casing tube and instead of employing soft
metal as the interposed medium, I may use paper, paper or wood pulp, papier-
mache, pitch or like resinous substances or other material that will conform
to the figure imparted to the thin casing metal.
The interposed bed of soft metal or conformable material may be applied by
linning process For instance, when lead or
is employed, the rod
<
"
compo

page_text: or tube is immersed in a bath of molten metal, or the inside of the casing may
be lined by running the "compo or lead through it in a molten state.
"
When a reeded or corrugated pattern is to be produced, then I may make
the foundation tube round in cross section, serve the outer surface with a thick
body or coating of soft material and then pass a round or other suitable casing
tube over the latter, and by one or more stages of drawing-through, I then impart
the desired fluted section to the casing and its lining. The ribs or reedings
of the pattern thereby obtained are fetched up sharp or are clearly defined in
figure.
In applying my invention to large pillars for bedsteads and the like, I may
make an inner loading of wood whose outer surface is coated with lead, upon
which the thin coating metal is first pulled and subsequently drawn down.
By having an interposed body or bedding of soft material between the casing
metal and the hard foundation, the outer surface may be readily embossed,
patterned or otherwise ornamented by roller dies or by stamping.
The application of my invention to rods, also to brass-cased hinges and other
articles, differs in no essential respect from its application to cased tubes as
herein described.
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1000
Improvements in Cased Tubing and Rods for Various Purposes, and in
other Cased Metal Articles, also in the Method of Producing
the same.
I, CHARLES HARVEY, of The Swifts, South Yardley, near the City of Birming-
ham, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to cased tubing and cased rods for various purposes,
such as stair-rods: curtain rods; cornice poles, fender rods and tubes, rails, rods,
pillars and other bedstead work: picture rods and the like: also to cased hinges
and other cased articles; and also to the manufacture or production of such
cased articles.
The principal object of my invention is to admit of the employment of very
thin casing metal and thereby incidentally to reduce the cost of manufacture.
and another object is to produce sharpness in the edges of angular-sectioned
lengths, and clearly defined patterns or sections in the case of corrugated, reeded,
and like ornamented lengths.
In ordinary cased tubes and rods, the casing metal is applied directly onto a
naked iron or other hard metal foundation, in consequence of which, the said
casing metal has to be of some considerable thickness in order to admit of the
production of sharp or clearly defined edges or patterns of or upon them, and
to prevent searing or bursting during the process of covering.
According to my invention, I interpose between the casing metal which is made
of thin sheet brass or other ductile metal or alloy, and the hard foundation, a
body or thickness of soft material or intervening medium of such a nature as
to constitute a bed or force which flows easily in conforming or lending itself
to the figure imparted to the ductile casing metal, and admits of cased articles

page_text: f various complex cross sections being produced with the employment
ound or flat cores or foundation tubes or rods.
wwwwww
The soft
Thus, according to my invention as applied to the production of a length of
rass cased tubing, I first take a foundation in the form of a length of iron or
ther hard metal tubing, and encase the same in a sheath or cover of soft
material, preferably paper, paper-pulp or the like, which is wrapped, served
or otherwise applied to the said foundation in any suitable manner.
paper sheathing is tightened onto the foundation by drying, or by a drawing
process or in any suitable manner and over the composite tube thereby obtained
thin sheet brass or other ductile metal casing is pulled and subsequently closed
or drawn down upon it through a die, which may impart the desired cross section
to the tube, the said cross sectional figure being only imparted by the tools to
the outer casing and interposed paper, which latter readily conforms to the
action of the tools and takes the inside shape of the casing to which it forms a
rigid internal support whilst the core or foundation metal remains intact or is
not affected by the shaping process.
My invention is particularly applicable to the production of lengths of a
reeded or corrugated pattern, in the formation of which, the foundation_tube
may be round in cross section, and its outer surface is served with a body or
coating of paper or soft material of a thickness according to the depth of the
corrugations desired. Then by passing a round or other suitable casing tube over
the latter, and by one or more stages of drawing-through, I impart the desired
fluted section to the casing and its lining. The ribs or reedings of the pattern
thereby obtained are fetched up sharp or are clearly defined in figure and thin
casing metal may be used without any fear of the same searing or bursting in
the shaping process.
By the employment of paper or paper-pulp, cardboard or similar substance as
the interposed conformable medium for internally supporting the shaped casing
metal, the finished tube is not materially increased in weight, and after the
paper has been compacted by the drawing process, it becomes almost as hard
and rigid as metal and is quite capable of resisting indentation..
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents, partly in elevation and
partly in longitudinal section, a length of square-section brass-cased composite
tubing made in accordance with my invention.
Figure 2 is a cross section of the same.
Figure 3 represents the brass casing part of the tube separate and partially
in elevating and partially in longitudinal section whilst Figure 4 is a
section.
cross
Figures 5 and 6 show like views, of the intermediate paper part of the said
tube, separately and Figures 7 and 8 represent the core or foundation tube
separately.
In this form of tube, the foundation a, is made of a stout square section iron
tube and the paper medium b is wrapped around or suitably served thereon, or
it may be formed separately and slipped into position, after which the casing
5 metal c, which is made of thin ductile brass, is applied and the whole subjected
to one or more passes through suitable dies which close or compact the inter-
mediate paper medium and give the desired figure to the casing metal, the
whole of the which, being internally supported by the paper bedding, are fetched
up sharp and clear without the metal being seared or broken by the dies.
0
Figure 9 shows a front elevation of a length of triangular cased tubing of
which the front side only is longitudinally reeded or corrugated, so that a
conformable medium is interposed between the casing metal and the foundation
tube at and adjacent to the said front side.
Figure 10 is a cross section of this tube showing the disposition of the inter-
55 posed paper.
Figure 11 represents partly in front elevation and partly in longitudinal sec
tion, the casing of this composite fube and Figure 12 is a cross section thereof

page_text: Figures 13 and 14 shows an elevation and a cross section of the paper strip
which is interposed between the casing and foundation along the front side,
whilst Figures 15 and 16 show the iron foundation tube.
a is the foundation of the composite front-corrugated length, which is designed
for use as a stair rod or the like. is the paper beading which is applied or
secured to the front side a¹, of the core tube before the application of the casing
metale, thereto. The said casing is then slipped into position and by suitable
tools, the front side e', thereof is longitudinally corrugated and at the same
time, its paper backing is made to conform to the figure imparted to the said
casing and at the same time hardened or compacted, whilst, by virtue of the said
paper acting as conformable support to the portion of the metal to be shaped,
the corrugated figure of the same is clearly defined and the searing or bursting
of the same prevented.
Figure 1 represents an elevation of a composite cased tube of corrugated
cross section, built up in accordance with my invention upon a round foundation
tube and Figure 18 is a cross section thereof.
a is the round iron foundation tube the paper medium, which is preferably
wrapped in an even thickness around the core and e is the thin casing metal.
which is placed over the paper bedding and then the whole drawn through dies,
which impart the desired section to the casing and at the same time displace
the intervening paper so as to afford an internal support to the raised parts of
the reedings or corrugations.
My invention is also applicable to cased tubes and rods in which the casing
metal is embossed or impressed with a series of patterns or ornaments formed
by passing the tube through patterning rolls or the like. In such articles, the
paper interposed between the casing metal and the foundation constitutes a
conformable or soft backing or internal support to the former and admits of the
impressed patterns being fetched up sharp and clearly defined.
Such an ornamented cased tube is shown in Figure 19 in elevation and longi-
tudinal section and in Figure 20 in cross section, a being the foundation tube
and the intervening paper backing to the casing c, which is preferably first
drawn down onto the said backing in order to compact or densify the same and
then subjected to the action of rollers or tools for producing the patterns ².
Figures 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27 represent, in cross section, various
patterns of cased tubing which can-by my invention-be produced from very
thin casing metal, such for instance, as 6 gauge brass, whereas in ordinary cased
work, the brass or other metal employed has to be at least 14 to 16 gauge in
thickness in order to prevent it searing or cracking during the drawing and
shaping processes. Further, the edges in tubes of angular sections. are sharp
and well fetched up (see Figures 21, 22 and 27) and in corrugated or reeded
sections, such as those represented in Figures 23, 24, 25 and 26, the pattern
is clearly defined, whilst the conformable paper backing or bed behind the
casing, after being compacted by the drawing process, forms an internal support
of such a hard nature as to be able to resist indentation or bruising of the edgings
Figure 28 is a sectional view showing how the paper medium b, may be
wrapped around the foundation tube a, and be glued or cemented, if necessary,
as the wrapping proceeds in order that the same shall be hard when dried.
The whole of the forms and sections shown in the several drawings may be
also applied to cased rods (see Figure 29) in which case a solid core a, would
be substituted for the hollow foundation tube, whilst as applied to light tubes.
the core or foundation tube may be a thin one, in which case, a plug or mandril
is used to support the same internally during the drawing processes.
The invention is also applicable in like manner to cased mouldings for fender
and like work (see Figure 30) and to cased pillars for bedstead work, and various
other cased metal articles.
Instead of using paper or its equivalent in the form of paper pulp, papier-
mache, cardboard or the like as the intervening medium between the casing and

page_text: the foundation, I may use soft wood or wood pulp, or other suitable non-metallic
substance, such as felt, glued canvas, leather, pitch (either alone or combined
with hair) or any other suitable material that will internally support the casing
metal and yet readily conform to the shape imparted to it by the drawing or
ornamenting process.
Where paper, cardboard or wood is used, the same may be softened by steam
or water prior to the application and drawing on of the casing metal.
"
As a further form of my invention, I may use a soft metal or alloy as the
interposed medium, such for instance as lead, tin, compo' or the like. This
soft metal may be applied by drawing or closing the same onto the foundation
tube, or drawing the casing and backing onto the core together, or by a dipping
process, in which case, the foundation rod or tube is immersed in a bath of molten
metal, or the inside of the casing may be lined by running the compo or
lead through it in a molten state.
دو
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First:—In cased-tubing, interposing between the casing metal, or a portion
of the casing metal, (which is made of thin sheet brass or other ductile metal
or alloy) and the hard iron or like foundation tube, a body or thickness of soft
material, constituting an intervening bed or force which flows easily in conform-
ing or lending itself to the figure to be imparted to the ductile casing metal,
thereby admitting the employment of very thin casing metal without liability
to searing, and ensuring the production of sharp edges and well-defined patterns
or sections in the drawn or ornamented lengths produced.
Secondly: In cased tubing of the kind covered by the preceding claim, the
employment between the thin ductile casing metal to be shaped (on a part
thereof) and the hard iron or like foundation tube, of an interposed medium
consisting of paper, paper pulp, cardboard or the like, thereby forming a compo-
site cased tube, substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth.
Thirdly: In cased rods or cased ornamented rods, the employment between
the thin ductile casing metal, and the internal core or hard metal foundation,
of an interposed medium constituting a conformable bed or force which flows
easily in lending itself to the figure imparted to, or the ornaments produced
upon, the ductile casing metal employed, substantially as and for the purpose
described and set forth.
Fourthly: In the manufacture of sheet metal cased tubings and rods and
other cased articles; the process hereindescribed of drawing the thin ductile
casing metal onto a soft intermediate material, surrounding, or applied to, the
iron or like foundation or core, which said material readily lends itself or con-
forms to the section imparted to, or the patterns impressed upon, the said casing
metal substantially as described and set forth.
D 11
1000