Obtain Sulphur and in Apparatus Employed therein.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 1st June, 1889
Obtain Sulphur and in Apparatus Employed therein.
I JOHN HARGREAVES of Ditton in the County of Lancaster Chemist do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to treat sulphuretted hydrogen to obtain free
sulphur therefrom, by partially burning sulphuretted hydrogen with air; to diminish
the amount of sulphur acids formed and when formed to recover the sulphur therein
contained as solid sulphur. It also relates to apparatus employed therein.
Before and also during burning I intimately mix sulphuretted hydrogen and air
and as far as practicable bring the two gases atom to atoin by the following means:-
1 aspirate and measure in proper proportions the said gases by means of suitable
aspirators such as blowers or pumps. From the said aspirators the gases are passed
into a chamber where they are mixed mechanically or by agitation, thence through
one or more blocks, preferably formed of spiral shaped pieces of earthenware or
metal; the passages
in the spirals forming the said block or blocks are intersected
so as to cross each other, and to intermingle the gases in passage therethrough.
I prefer to employ several blocks placed one behind the other in a closed chamber,
leaving a space between each block in which space is placed suitable gauze like
material to prevent return of the ignited gases.
After being intimately mixed the gases are injected, preferably under pressure, and
at a tangent, into a circular combustion chamber in which the gases are further
intermingled by being caused to revolve in the said combustion chamber.
revolving motion is given by impact of the gases entering the chamber.
The
The combustion chamber is of long and tubular form, through which the revolving
burning gases are conducted. The temperature of the gases is gradually reduced as
they approach the end of the chamber, and sudden cooling avoided before decom-
position of the sulphuretted hydrogen is completed.

page_text: The vessels containing the mixed gases before burning have openings into the air
covered with sheet india rubber or like material capable of easy rupture in case of
explosion.
I recover as free sulphur the combined sulphur remaining in residual acid gases
obtained by partially burning sulphuretted hydrogen, by passing the said residual acid
gases when reduced to suitable temperature and after separation of free sulphur,
through or amongst a solution of chloride of magnesium or other suitable chloride.
Or I condense and concentrate the said acid gases and inject into and mix with the
burning gases at the hot end of the combustion chamber.

page_text: LUMI LUID
Improvements in the Treatment of Sulphuretted Hydrogen to
Obtain Sulphur and in Apparatus Employed therein.
I JOHN HARGREAVES of Ditton in the County of Lancaster Chemist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to treat sulphuretted hydrogen to obtain sulphur
therefrom, by partially burning sulphuretted hydrogen with air; that is to burn the
hydrogen and leave the sulphur in the free state, to diminish the amount of sulphur
acids formed, and when formed to recover in the free state the combined sulphur
therein contained. It also relates to apparatus employed therein.
Before and also during burning the sulphuretted hydrogen is intimately mixed with
air sufficient to burn the hydrogen, and as far as practicable bring the two gases atom
to atom by the means now to be described.
The sulphuretted hydrogen and air are separately aspirated and measured in the
proportions well known by means of suitable fans or pumps. From the aspirators the
gases are passed into a chamber where they are mixed mechanically or by agitation,
preferably by means of a shaft or shafts passing through the mixing chamber having
affixed to the shaft suitable arms or propellers which are caused to revolve rapidly, or
the gases are agitated and mixed by injecting them under sufficient pressure at a
tangent into a circular mixing chamber, by such injection the gas and air are caused
to mix by the rotary motion.
From the mixing chamber the gases are passed through one or more perforated
blocks, preferably built up of spiral shaped pieces of earthenware or metal, similar to
those employed in the regenerator of the well known Hargreaves Thermo-motor.
The passages between the spirals or their equivalents forming the said block or blocks
are preferably intersected so as to cross each other and to assist in completing the
mixture of gas and air.
It is preferable to employ several blocks placed one behind the other in a closed
chamber, leaving a space between each block in which space is placed suitable gauze-
like material to prevent return of the ignited gases. Said return may be further
prevented by having one of the perforated blocks inade of metal which is kept cool by
circulation of water.
After being intimately mixed the gases are injected, preferably under pressure, at
a tangent into a circular combustion chamber usually formed of brick or earthenware
in which the gases are further intermingled and more complete mixture obtained,
during combustion by being caused to tangentially revolve in the said combustion
chamber.
The combustion chamber is made long and tubular; through it the revolving
burning gases are conducted. The temperature of the gases is gradually reduced as
they approach the end of the chamber and sudden cooling avoided before decom-
position of the sulphuretted hydrogen is completed. Perfect mixing and the avoidance
of rapid cooling before the reactions are complete are essentials under my invention.

page_text: The vessels containing the mixed gases before burning have openings into the air
covered with sheet indiarubber or like material capable of easy rupture in case of
explosion.
To recover as free sulphur the combined sulphur contained in the residual acid
gases obtained by partially burning sulphuretted hydrogen the said residual sulphur
acid gases are passed through or amongst a solution of chloride of magnesium or
other suitable chloride. Or I cool and condense the sulphur acid gases by any of the
well known methods for condensing sulphur acids. After concentrating the sulphur
acids, they are injected in liquid or gaseous state into and mixed with the burning
gases at the hot end of the combustion chamber in which the sulphur acids are
decomposed and free sulphur liberated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
•
First. Intimately mixing sulphuretted hydrogen and air in a mixing chamber by
tangential movement (or the equivalent of such movement) previous to burning the
hydrogen of the sulphuretted hydrogen in a suitable furnace or chamber for the
purpose of obtaining free sulphur.
Second. Passing a mixture of sulphuretted hydrogen and air through perforated or
built up blocks inserted in a close chamber between the mixing chamber and com-
bustion chamber for the purpose of further mixing and preventing explosions
substantially as-described.
Third. Passing a mixture of sulphuretted hydrogen and air through gauze-like
material inserted between the perforated or built up blocks and the combustion
chamber to prevent return of ignited gases.
Fourth. A combustion chamber into which the mixture of sulphuretted hydrogen
and air are injected under pressure giving to the gases gyratory motion during
combustion for the purpose described.
Fifth. Obtaining sulphur in the free state from condensed sulphur acid gases by
returning said acid gases to the combustion chamber substantially as described.
D
11000
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.