IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPARATUS FOR SIZING COTTON WARPS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Lake, junior, of the Irwell Sizing Works, in
the City of Manchester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
APPARATUS FOR SIZING COTTON WARPS."
Sealed the 5th April 1867, and dated the 15th October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th October
1866.
I, GEORGE LAKE, junior, of the Irwell Sizing Works, in the City of
Manchester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN AND APPARATUS FOR SIZING COTTON WARPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in sizing cotton warps and
in the apparatus or machinery employed for such sizing operations.
The present mode of sizing cotton warps is to pass them through a trough
containing a sizing liquid or mixture consisting of size and grease, kept at a
boiling temperature, from which trough they pass through squeezing or
pressure rollers, by which means the superabundant liquid is pressed out of
them, and thence they pass over the ordinary drying cylinders.
Now I have found by careful experiment that cotton warps are much
improved in quality, and are considered of more value in the market, when.

page_text: the sizing and greasing operations are performed separately; and my Invention
consists in passing the cotton warps first through the size trough, containing
size only, at the boiling temperature, from which trough they pass through
pressing rollers, and are thence immediately conducted through a second trough,
containing grease only, also at the boiling temperature, they are then passed
through a second series of pressing rollers to squeeze out the superfluous
grease, and are then dried by being passed over the ordinary drying cylinders.
It will thus be apparent that by this Invention the sizing of cotton warps is
effected as speedily as heretofore, seeing that it is performed by one continuous
operation, and by such means the cotton warps are rendered less hard and
brittle and not so liable to matt together, and it is moreover found in practise
that cotton warps are sized more economically than has hitherto been the
case..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
⚫ April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LAKE, junior, of the Irwell Sizing Works; in the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Lake, junior, Her special license that I, the said George
Lake, junior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said George Lake, junior, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times. thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise; and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel. Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for. "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN AND APPARATUS FOR SIZING COTTON WARPS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said George Lake, junior, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Lake, junior, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement*:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in sizing cotton warps, and
in the apparatus or machinery employed for such sizing operations.
The present mode of sizing cotton warps is to pass them through a trough
containing a sizing liquid or mixture consisting of size and grease, kept at a
boiling temperature, from which trough they pass through squeezing or
pressure rollers, by which means the superabundant liquid is pressed out of
them, and thence they pass over the ordinary drying cylinders.
Now I have found by.careful experiment that cotton warps are much
improved in quality, and are considered of more value in the market, when the
sizing and greasing operations are performed separately.; and my Invention
consists in passing the cotton warps first through the size trough, containing
size only, at the boiling temperature, from which trough they pass through
pressing rollers, and are thence immediately conducted through a second
trough containing grease only, also at the boiling temperature; they are then
passed through a second series of pressing rollers to squeeze out the super-
fluous grease, and are then dried by being passed over the ordinary drying
cylinders.
My improvements in apparatus or machinery for sizing cotton warps consist
in the use and application of two separate troughs or vessels, one for con-
taining the size only, through which the cotton warps are first passed, the
other trough being situated between the sizing trough and the drying cylinders,
which other trough contains the grease, oil, or other lubricating agent, kept at
the boiling temperature, and through the contents of which the cotton warps
are caused to pass in their course from the sizing trough to the drying
cylinders, by which means it will be found that such cotton warps are rendered
less hard and brittle, and not so liable to matt together as when passed
through a mixture of size and grease contained in one trough, as has hitherto
been the practise. By gearing the pressing rollers of the sizing trough and
the greasing trough together, so as to run at the same speed, the sizing of
cotton warps may be effected as speedily as heretofore, seeing that it would
thus be performed by one continuous operation.
Besides the cotton warps being much improved in quality when sized
according to this Invention I find in practise that they are sized more
economically by passing them through the sizing and greasing troughs.
separately, as herein-before described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my
said Invention, together with the best methods with which I am acquainted
for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly under-
stood that what I claim is, the use and application to sizing machinery of
two troughs or vessels, one for containing the sizing liquid separately and
alone, through which the cotton warps are first passed, the other trough con-
taining the grease, oil, or other lubricating agent; through which the cotton
warps.are, passed after being sized or immersed. in a sizing liquid only; and
I further. claim the sizing and greasing or lubricating of cotton warps
separately, and by one continuous operation, in the manner and for the purpose 1
herein-before described, or any mere modification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Lake, junior, have hereunto set
my hand and, affixed my seal, this Thirteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.