An Improved Machine for Punching, Drawing, or Compressing Metals and other Substances, in which aren to the Operating Parts, and Intense Pressure Brought to Bear upon the Substances Operated upon.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 27th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Punching, Drawing, or Compressing
Metals and other Substances, in which Long Range and Rapidity
of Movement are Given to the Operating Parts, and Intense
Pressure Brought to Bear upon the Substances Operated upon.
I, JOSEPH RICHARD HILL, of Lye, near Stourbridge, in the County of
Worcester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
о
My invention relates to the improved construction of machines for punching,
drawing or compressing metals and other various substances, by the application
of improved mechanism for securing long range and rapidity of movement of the
operating tool or die, and for bringing intense pressure to bear upon the substances
operated upon.
The framework of the improved machine is in its general structure similar to
that of ordinary presses, and consists of three main portions, namely, the head
which supports the operating mechanism; the base or bed which contains the dies
in which the substances operated upon are punched, shaped or compressed; and
the single or double arm which connects the head and base together, and to which
are fixed guides for the lower portion of the operating mechanism to slide in.
The operating mechanisin has its upper portion arranged to slide vertically in
guides fitted to the head of the machine; its lower portion is similarly arranged in
guides fitted to the arm, as herein before described; and the two portions are
connected together by double toggle links, which are held in position and actuated
by a left and right hand screw.
When the machine is in its normal position, the operating tool or die is held
well up above the work to be operated upon, so as to give the operator ample room
to place the work properly upon the lower die. By means of an eccentric or cam
working in the head of the machine and actuated by a lever, the operating
mechanism is instantly brought down, so that the operating tool comes into close
proximity to the work to be dealt with, but without coming into actual contact
with it. The toggle links are then brought into play by means of the screw
before mentioned, and intense pressure is thus exerted upon the operating tool,
which is thereby forced down to the position necessary for punching or giving
the requisite shape to the substance placed beneath it. During this latter movement
the upper portion of the operating mechanism is held securely in position by the
eccentric or cam before mentioned, so that it cannot be forced back by the action
of the toggle links. When the operating tool has done its work, it is withdrawn
by the toggle links; after which the whole of the operating mechanism is
immediately brought up to its normal position by means of a spring operating upon
the eccentric or cam; and in order to facilitate this return movement the operating
mechanism is balanced by an adjustable spring or weight placed at the back of
the machine.
An adjustable bearing may be provided for the eccentric or cam in the upper
portion of the operating mechanism; by means of a set screw or other suitable
arrangement, in order that the operating tool may be regulated in the first
part of its movement, without necessarily interfering with the position of the
toggle links.
Dated this 27th day of April 1893.
JOSEPH RICHARD HILL,
Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Punching, Drawing, or Compressing
Metals and other Substances, in which Long Range and Rapidity
of Movement are Given to the Operating Parts, and Intense
Pressure Brought to Bear upon the Substances Operated upon.
I, JOSEPH RICHARD HILL, of Lye, near. Stourbridge, in the County of
Worcester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the improved construction of machines for punching,
drawing or compressing metals and other various substances, by the application of
improved mechanism for securing long range and rapidity of movement of the
operating tool or die, and for bringing intense pressure to bear upon the substances
operated upon.
In order to describe the invention I shall make use of the accompanying
drawings, in which the same letters of reference are put to denote the same parts
throughout.
Fig. 1 represents the front elevation of the improved machine, and Fig. 2 the
side elevation of the same.
In its general structure the framework of the machine is somewhat similar to
that of ordinary presses, and consists of three main portions, viz., the head A, which
carries the whole of the operating mechanism; the base or bed B, which contains
the dies in which the substances to be operated upon are punched, shaped or
compressed; and the single or double arm C, which unites the head and base
together, and to which are fixed guides D¹ and D' for the lower portion of the
operating mechanism to slide in.
The operating mechanism has its upper portion E arranged to slide vertically
in guides F and F fitted to the head of the machine; its lower portion G is
similarly arranged in the guides D¹ and I)' fitted to the arm C, as hereinbefore
described; and the two portions are connected together by double toggle links J,
which are actuated and maintained in any desired relative position by a left and
right hand screw K.
When the machine is in its normal position the operating tool or die L is held
well up above the work to be operated upon, so as to give the operator ample
room to place the work properly upon the lower die M. By means of an eccentric
or cam N working in the head of the machine, and actuated by a lever P, the
operating mechanism is instantly brought down so that the operating tool L comes
into close proximity to the work to be dealt with, but without coming into actual
contact with it. The toggle links are then brought into play by means of the
screw K, and intense pressure is thus exerted upon the operating tool, which is
thereby forced down to the position necessary for punching or giving the requisite
shape to the substance placed beneath it. During this latter movement the upper
portion E of the operating mechanism is held securely in position by the eccentric
or cam N, so that it cannot be forced back by the action of the toggle links.
When the operating tool has done its work it is withdrawn by the reverse
movement of the toggle links, after which the whole of the operating mechanism is
immediately brought up to its normal position by means of a spring operating upon
the eccentric or cam N, and in order to accelerate this, return movement the
operating mechanism is balanced by an adjustable spring or weight S placed at
the back of the machine.
In order to give the operating mechanism sufficient means of support under the
great strain to which it is exposed, I usually prefer to arrange therein two eccentrics
or cams, one on either side of the head of the machine. These eccentrics or cams

page_text: are rigidly attached to a strong axle passing through the head of the machine and
taking its bearing therein, and to the same axle is attached the lever P, which
may be either single or double, as circumstances require. The operating
mechanism at F' and F' has suitable cavities provided for the eccentrics or cams
to work in, each cavity, when the eccentric is used, being simply an oblong
opening made to receive a square block in which the eccentric turns, and to permit
it to slide horizontally to and fro. The operating mechanism can thus be raised or
lowered by turning the eccentrics in either direction. When the cam is used
(which is preferable) the shape of each cavity is somewhat like that of the
letter L, as represented in Fig. 2. Here the cam N, when the machine is in its
normal position, rests horizontally in the lower portion of the cavity, and by
turning the lever Pa quarter of a revolution downwards the cam is made to occupy
the vertical portion of the cavity. By this movement, which is effected either by
hand or foot, the whole of the operating mechanism is brought to a lower level, and
held there rigidly as long as the lever P is kept down. The reverse movement of
the cam, as herein before mentioned, is effected by means of a spring operating upon
the lever P, which brings up the latter to its former position, and thereby
restores the cam N to its horizontal position in the cavity. The spring or
weight S materially assists this return movement, as herein before described.
If necessary, an adjustable bearing may be provided for the eccentric or cam N
in the upper portion of the operating mechanism, by means of a set screw or other
suitable arrangement, in order that the operating tool may be regulated in the
first part of its movement without necessarily interfering with the relative position
of the toggle links.
The accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate the main principles upon
which the machine is constructed; but I do not bind myself to any precise details,
relative proportions or dimensions represented therein, as the same may be
considerably varied without departing from the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) The improved arrangement by means of which long range and rapidity of
movement are given to the operating mechanism, and whereby the toggle links are
brought into the most favourable position for applying extreme pressure to the
substances placed beneath, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings at N and P.
(2.) The improved construction of the operating mechanism, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings at E, G, J
and K.
(3.) The improved method of balancing the operating mechanism by means of a
spring or weight, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
portion marked S of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 26th day of January 1894.
JOSEPH RICHARD HILL,
Applicant.