An Improved Spreading Disc for Petroleum and Gas Burners.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Spreading Disc for Petroleum and Gas Burners.
I, ALBERT EPHRAIM, of 55, Kochstrasse Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a spreading disc for petroleum and gas burners.
As is well known, petroleum or gas flames give out a yellowish light if the heat
of combustion is not sufficiently high for heating to incandescence the lighting
materials contained in the combustible gas, more especially the carbon carried
away. Now the heat of the petroleum or gas flames may be increased by spreading
or broadening them in order to afford the air a better access. Moreover, it is well-
known that, as in Auer's incandescent gas light, the illuminating power of the
flames may be considerably increased by the insertion of incandescent bodies
presenting a great power of radiating light. The parts of fabric in Auer's lamp
are however too liable to break to be used in petroleum burners and small gas
lamps. For petroleum round-burners it has therefore been necessary, for obtaining
a whiter light, to use only the well-known discs by which the flame is spread.
Now my invention enables the advantages of the spreading discs to be combined
with those of solid incandescent bodies in the flame, use being made of discs of
asbestos. Discs having parts of metal for instance platinum, as solid incandescent
bodies have already been employed; for this purpose use has heretofore been made
of discs of asbestos saturated with a solution of a platinum salt. Experience has
however shown the impossibility of uniformly distributing the platinum in the
asbestos mill-board, and the incandescent disc made in the manner set forth conse-
quently shows a spotted light. The same defective result is produced in the case
of all the metallic salts that may be employed, which must also possess the property
of liberating the metal in the heat. In contradistinction to this I use in the
preparation of the asbestos mill-board a chemical compound which is not decomposed
in the heat. The disc formed according to the shape and size of the flame, on a
ring of asbestos mill-board or other incombustible material is for this purpose
preferably saturated with a solution of silicate. Water-glass appears to be best
adapted. If then by the action of the heat the mill-board is destroyed a mass as
hard as stone is produced which constitutes an excellent incandescent body.
The plate may also be treated with an additional substance giving colour to the
flame, for instance potassium chloride.
The asbestos plates prepared in the described manner are rendered uniformly
incandescent and radiate a beautiful white light. They are equally adapted for
use in petroleum and gas flames. The plate may be fixed through the medium of
a small brass pin to a tube situated in the centre of the burner.
Dated this 27th day of April 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Spreading Disc for Petroleum and Gas Burners.
I, ALBERT EPHRAIM, of 55 Kochstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to spreaders for lamp and gas burners..

page_text: As is well known petroleum or gas flames give out a yellowish light if the heat
of combustion is not sufficiently high for heating to incandescence the lighting
materials contained in the combustible gas, more especially the carbon carried
away. Now the heat of the petroleum or gas flames may be increased by spreading
or broadening them in order to afford the air a better access. Moreover, it is
well-known that, as in Auer's incandescent gas light, the illuminating power of the
flames may be considerably increased by the insertion of incandescent bodies
presenting a great power of radiating light. The parts of fabric in Auer's lamp
are however too liable to break to be used in petroleum burners and small gas
lamps. For petroleum round-burners it has therefore been necessary for obtaining
a whiter light, to use only the well-known discs by which the flame is spread.
Now my invention enables the advantages of the spreading discs to be combined
with those of solid incandescent bodies in the flame, use being made of discs of
asbestos. Discs possessing parts of metal, for instance platinum, as solid incan-
descent bodies have already been employed, for this purpose and use has heretofore
been made of discs of asbestos saturated with a solution of a platinum salt.
Experience has however demonstrated the impossibility of uniformly distributing
the platinum in the asbestos mill-board, and the incandescent disc made in the
manner set forth subsequently shows a spotty light. The same defective result is
produced in the case of all the metallic salts that may be employed which
also possess the property of liberating the metal in the heat. In contra-
distinction to this I use in the preparation of the asbestos mill-board a chemical
compound which is not liable to be decomposed in the heat. The disc formed
according to the shape and size of the flame, on a ring of asbestos mill-board or
other incombustible material is for this purpose preferably saturated with a solution
of silicate. Water-glass appears to be best adapted. If then by the action of the
heat the mill-board is destroyed a mass as hard as stone is produced which
constitutes an excellent incandescent body.
The plate may also be treated with an additional substance giving colour to the
flame, for instance potassium chloride.
The asbestos plates prepared in the described manner are rendered uniformly
incandescent and radiate a beautiful white light. They. are equally adapted for use
in petroleum and gas flames.
The plate may be fixed through the medium of a small brass pin to a tube
situated in the centre of the burner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In lamp and gas burners the employment of incandescent bodies which serve at
the same time for spreading the flame, and which consist of plates of asbestos or
other incombustible material, treated either with silicates or with silicates and salts
which impart colour to the flames.
Dated this 27th day of January 1892.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.