IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING DESIGNS UPON PAPER
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Bentley Woodbury, of Rusholme, in the
County of Lancaster, and Robert Howe Ashton, of Ashton-upon-Mersey,
in the County of Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS OF
PRODUCING DESIGNS UPON PAPER."
Sealed the 24th September 1867, and dated the 30th March 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Bentley Woodbury
and Robert Howe Ashton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 30th March 1867.
We, WALFER BENTLEY WOODBURY, of Rusholme, in the County of Lan-
caster, and ROBERT HOWE ASHTON, of Ashton-upon-Mersey, in the County
of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS OF PRODUCING DESIGNS UPON PAPER," to be as follows :-
This Invention is designed for the production by pressure from reliefs or
intaglios obtained by the aid of photography of transparent designs upon paper
as pictures, or for trade-mark purposes, or as a water-mark on paper (for bank

page_text: notes, cheques, and other purposes), which cannot be counterfeited, and also
by the same means, with the interposition of thin paper charged with a greasy
substance, to produce a design which may be transferred to stone for printing
by the ordinary lithographic process.
In carrying out our Invention a relief is first obtained in gelatine by the
process described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Walter
Bentley Woodbury, and dated 23rd September 1864, No. 2338, or by any other
analogous means. This relief is mounted or laid on a plate of hard metal,
and the paper to be impressed is rolled or passed through a press in contact
therewith, by which means the paper will be rendered transparent at those
parts where it has been pressed in contact with the relief parts of the design.
On looking at the paper by reflected light a positive picture will be seen (the
transparent parts appearing darker than the surface), but upon viewing the
same by transmitted light it will appear as a negative; if the reverse effect be
desired it will be necessary to replace the ordinary negative by a transparent
positive in the production of the gelatine relief; or a metal relief or intaglio
may be obtained from the gelatine (by pressure or by the electrotype process)
and used with the ordinary paper machinery for producing the water-mark.
Either line subjects or those bearing half tints may be thus impressed on the
paper; in the latter case the different amounts of pressure given to the paper
by the varying heights of the relief will produce the effect of the middle tints
as well as the extremes of light and shade. It will be evident that if (while
the paper is undergoing pressure in contact with the gelatine relief) a piece of
fine paper charged with a colored greasy material similar to the carbonized
paper used for copying letters is interposed between the relief and the paper,
a design bearing half tones will be impressed upon the latter, which may
be transferred to stone, and used to print lithographic impressions in the
ordinary manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Walter Bentley Woodbury and Robert Howe Ashton in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th September 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WALTER
BENTLEY WOODBURY, of Rusholme, in the County of Lancaster, and ROBERT
HOWE ASHTON, of Ashton-upon-Mersey, in the County of Chester, send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Walter
Bentley Woodbury and Robert Howe Ashton, Her special licence that we,
the said Walter Bentley Woodbury and Robert Howe Ashton, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Walter Bentley
Woodbury and Robert Howe Ashton, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING DESIGNS UPON PAPER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Walter Bentley Woodbury
and Robert Howe Ashton, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Walter Bentley Woodbury and Robert
Howe Ashton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, that is
to say:-
This Invention is designed for the production by pressure from reliefs or
intaglios obtained by the aid of photography of transparent designs upon paper
as pictures, or for trade-mark purposes, or as a water-mark on paper (for bauk
notes, cheques, or other purposes), which cannot be counterfeited, and also by
the same means, with the interposition of thin paper charged with a greasy
substance, to produce a design which may be transferred to stone for printing
by the ordinary lithographic process.
66
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention for Improved
Means of Producing Designs upon Paper," we will now proceed to describe
more in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect.
In carrying out our Invention a relief is first obtained in gelatine by the
process described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Walter

page_text: Bentley Woodbury, and dated Twenty-third September One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-four, No. 2338, or by any other analogous means.
This relief is mounted or laid on a plate of hard metal, and the paper
to be impressed is rolled or passed through a press in contact therewith,
by which means the paper will be rendered transparent at those parts where
it has been pressed in contact with the relief parts of the design.
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looking at the paper by reflected light a positive picture will be seen (the
transparent parts appearing darker than the surface), but upon viewing the
same by transmitted light it will appear as a negative; if the reverse effect be
desired it will be necessary to replace the ordinary negative by a transparent
positive in the production of the gelatine relief; or a metal relief or intaglio
may be obtained from the gelatine (by pressure or by the electrotype process)
and used with the ordinary paper machinery for producing the water-mark.
Either line subjects or those bearing balf-tints may be thus impressed on the
paper; in the latter case the different amounts of pressure given to the paper
by the varying heights of the relief will produce the effect of the middle tints
as well as the extremes of light and shade. In place of using the relief direct
as obtained to produce the water-mark in the paper, a reverse of this relief
may be obtained by means already known, and a number of casts of it may be
made in gelatine on the surface of a steel or zinc plate, and when dry these
plates may be used for pressing the paper, or a sheet of highly pressed paper
may take the place of the steel or zinc plates. Where the reliefs obtained by
light are used, having for their support collodion, these may be cut to any
shape, and mounted on the zinc or copper plate by means of india-rubber or
other varnish or cement. It will be evident that if (while the paper is under-
going pressure in contact with the gelatine relief) a piece of fine paper charged
with a colored greasy material similar to the carbonized paper used for
copying letters is interposed between the relief and the sheet of unsized paper,
a design bearing half tones, according to the variations of the relief, will be
impressed upon the latter, which may be transferred to stone, and used to
print lithographic impressions in the ordinary manner, or the image may by
the same means be impressed at once on to the stone without transferring.
66
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention for
Improved Means of Producing Designs upon Paper," together with the
manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, we would remark in conclusion that we claim as our Invention the peculiar
method herein-before described of producing transparent designs or water-
marks upon paper from reliefs or intaglios obtained by the aid of photography,

page_text: and also of producing by the same means (with the interposition of paper
charged with a greasy substance) of designs either directly upon stone or
which may be transferred on to stone for printing by the ordinary lithographic
process.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Bentley Woodbury, on behalf
of myself and Robert Howe Ashton, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-third day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
WALTER BENTLEY WOODBURY. (L.s.)
Witness,
GEORGE DAVIES,
Patent Agent,
1, Serle St., Lincoln's Inn.