Improvements in connection with Turbines or Water Motors.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Apr., 1893—Accepted, 2nd June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with Turbines or Water Motors.
I, FRANCIS GOULD MORONY STONEY, of Waterside Iron Works, Ipswich, in
the County of Suffolk, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention relates to turbines or water motors, driven, singly or in sets,
by a stream the water in which is subject to considerable variations in quantity at
different times; and my object is to make improved arrangements for the disposal
of surplus water when in excess of the maximum for which the turbine or set of
turbines is constructed; the arrangements being such as to utilise the excess water
to some extent in increasing the power developed by the turbine or turbines.
In carrying out my invention in the case, for example, in which a row of turbines
is arranged across a stream, I construct piers in the spaces between which the
turbines are carried in bridges supported on the piers, the tail water which has
passed down through the turbines passing onwards from between the piers.
Above the turbines there is constructed a breast work or weir which is built up
to such a height that the water will pass over it, only in the event of there being
a very unusual flood. At other times when there is a moderate flood or excess
of water beyond the normal, as much of the water as is considered desirable is
allowed to pass into the tail races beneath the turbines, through sluices arranged
at the backs or inner ends of the spaces between the piers. These sluices are
constructed and fitted according to my well known roller system, as described
in my Patent Specification No. 3103 of 1874.
When excess water is allowed to pass as described under the turbines it induces
an increased velocity in the tail water from the turbines; and the water passing
through the turbines has consequently an increased velocity, and operates in the
turbines as if it had an increased head and yields a correspondingly increased
power.
Dated this Thirteenth day of January 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with Turbines or Water Motors.
I, FRANCIS GOULD MORONY STONEY, of Waterside Iron Works, Ipswich, in
the County of Suffolk, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My said invention relates to turbines, or water motors, driven singly or in sets
by a stream the water in which is subject to considerable variations in quantity at
different times and my object is to make improved arrangements for the disposal of
surplus water when in excess of the maximum for which the turbine or set of
turbines is constructed, the arrangements being such as to utilise the excess water.
to some extent in increasing the power developed by the turbine or turbines.
In carrying out my invention arrangements are made so as to cause the surplus
water or as much of it as may be considered desirable to pass under the turbines in
a manner to increase the velocity of the water passing through the turbines and
thereby cause them to yield a correspondingly increased power.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may
D

page_text: be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings to be
hereinafter referred to and showing my improvements.
Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1, is a vertical section showing one turbine and parts for
directing the flow of the water; Figure, 2, on Sheet, 2, being a horizontal section
of these parts as arranged for a set of turbines.
Figure, 3, is also a horizontal section to an enlarged scale showing details to be
hereinafter referred to.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
In the case, for example, in which a row of turbines, A., is arranged across a
stream, the turbines (which may be of any desired construction) are arranged so that
their shafts, B, are carried in suitable bearings, at their bottom ends in blocks, C,
on the sole of the building, and at their upper ends in bridges, D, supported on
piers, E, in the spaces between which the turbines, A, are carried. The tail water
which has passed down through the turbines passes onwards from between the
piers, E, in the direction of the arrows. Above the turbines, A, there is con-
structed a breastwork or weir, F, which is built up to such a height that the water
will pass over it, only in the event of their being a very unusual flood. At other
times when there is a moderate flood or excess of water beyond the normal, as much
of the water as is considered desirable is allowed to pass into the tail races, G,
beneath the turbines, A, through sluices, H, arranged at the backs or inner ends of
the spaces between the piers, E. These sluices are constructed and fitted according
to my well known roller system, as described in my Patent Specification No. 3103
of 1874.
As represented the ends of each sluice, H, extend into recesses, J, formed in the
piers, E, and have formed on them (hollow) vertical bars, K, which bear on free
rollers, L. These rollers, L, bear on stationary vertical bars or rails, M, fixed in
-the recesses, J, within which the ends of the sluice, H, work. The rollers, L, of
each set are on spindles fixed in a frame, N, and each frame is suspended by a
chain, P, passing round a pulley at the top of the frame, 'N, and having one end
secured to a fixed point, Q, above whilst the other end is fixed at, R, to the bar, K,
of the sluice, H. With this arrangement, now well understood, each roller frame, N,
moves up or down half as much as the sluice, in agreement with the proper move-
ments of the rollers, L. Wire ropes, S, attached to each sluice, H, pass up to and
over pulleys, T, on the bridges, D, and thence down to counterweights, U. The
pulleys, T, are turned for lifting or lowering the sluice, H, by means of gearing on
the bridge, D, constructed for being easily turned by means of a crank handle.
Curtain plates, V, formed in a piece with the fixed vertical bars, M, close the pier
recesses, J, excepting a narrow part in each case through which the end of the
sluice, H, extends into the recess. The sluice end does not however fit at all
tightly in the opening but any appreciable quantity of water is prevented from
passing through the recess, J, by a round vertical bar, W, held loosely in a kind of
pocket formed by an angle piece, X, the outer face plate, Y, of the sluice; and the
outer surface of the curtain plate, V. The pressure of any water escaping past the
edge of the curtain plate, V, will cause the bar, W, to lie closely in, and close
the opening between the end of the plate, Y, and the surface of the curtain
plate, V.
When excess water is allowed to pass as described under the turbines, A, it
induces an increased velocity in the tail water from the turbines; and the water
passing through the turbines has consequently an increased velocity, and operates
in the turbines as if it had an increased head and yields a correspondingly increased
power.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In connection with turbines or water motors the combination and arrangement of

page_text: piers in the spaces between which the turbines are placed; a weir constructed above
the turbines; and sluices arranged and working at the backs or inner ends of the
spaces between the piers and controlling the passage of water under the turbines.
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this Nineteenth day of April 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.