Improvements in Type Composing Machines.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Mar., 1888
Specification Accepted, 6th Apr., 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Composing Machines.
1, ROBERT WINDER of Bowkers Row Bolton in the County of Lancaster Solicitor
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object is to provide a compact and efficient machine for rapidly and correctly
composing type, that is transferring type in the required order to form parts of
words of and sentences, from a reservoir to a chase.
A type composing machine under my invention has the following elements (1) a
type reservoir (2) apparatus for ejecting types from the reservoir (3) apparatus for
conveying and collecting the ejected types (4) apparatus for placing the types on
edge and in line and (5) apparatus for setting the line of types in column.
The invention consists essentially in combining the said elements in novel manner
and in improved construction of parts thereof.
In order to simplify the construction and obtain a compact machine I place the type
reservoir between and above the type ejecting apparatus and the apparatus for
conveying away and collecting the types. The ejecting apparatus is preferably at
the back and the conveying apparatus at the front of the reservoir.
To reduce the length of the machine and enable the ejection collection and placing
in line of the types to be under the supervision of the justifier I combine the
conveying and collecting apparatus with the apparatus for setting the types on edge
and in line in such manner that the types travel in one direction in front of the
reservoir to be collected and then travel in the reverse direction in front of the
reservoir to the apparatus where the said types are set in column.
In order that my invention may be readily understood I have appended drawings
of a type composing machine constructed in accordance with my invention where
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, fig. 2 a front view, fig. 3, a plan, fig. 4 a section at the
line A A, and fig. 5 a detail view of the foot of the type reservoir-1 frame carried
on any suitable table or stand-2 L shaped lengths of metal having filling pieces 3 at
the bottom on which the types rest and through grooves 4 in which the ejectors work.
The said filling pieces are preferably soldered to the metal lengths 2 and the said
lengths are separated from each other by strips of wood or suitable material 5 so as to

page_text: form type containing grooves. The above parts are clamped together between the
standards 6 so as to constitute a type reservoir. The said reservoir rests on and is
bolted to the frame 1. The bottom of the reservoir may consist of a grooved bar
separate from the main body but this construction does not allow of the ready removal
of a reservoir containing types or of the use of reservoirs for various sizes of types.
The types 7 are piled on their flat sides in the grooves formed by the lengths of
metal 2 and rest on the filling pieces 3. The front lower portions of the lengths of
metal 2 are cut away as shown more particularly at 8 in fig. 5 to allow of the types
being ejected, and the back of the reservoir is made with slots 9 also shown more
particularly in fig. 5 above the grooves in the filling pieces to allow the passage of the
ejectors when typos are to be ejected. The types are filled into the reservoir from
the top and the number of grooves ejectors and keys a few only of which are shown
in the views is usually about 120. 10 carriage free to move to and fro in bearings 11
in the frame 1. 12 ejectors pivotted to the front of the carriage 10 at 13-14 keys
secured to the rear ends of the ejectors 12. 15 springs secured to the back of the
carriage 10 and pressing against the rear ends of the ejectors 12 to maintain them in
a raised or depressed condition. These springs are advantageously made in the form
of a comb and secured to the carriage by set screws. 16 bar for raising depressed
ejectors. The said bar is carried by arms 17 pivotted at 18 to the frame 1. 19 driving
shaft carried in bearings in the frame 1. 20 fast and loose pulleys. 21 cam on the
shaft 19 for giving forward motion to the carriage 10. A spring 22 or a weight is
used to return the carriage to its normal position. 23 cam for raising the bar 16.
The above described parts 10 to 23 constitute the type ejecting apparatus.. 24 strap
or belt onto which the types are ejected. The said strap or belt is carried by the
pulleys 25 on shafts 26 free to revolve in bearings on the frame 1. One shaft 26×
receives motion from the shaft 19 by means of the helical toothed wheels 27, 25. The
driving wheel 27 is five times the diameter of the wheel 28 and is made with circum-
ferential teeth 29 and the driven wheel 28 with a corresponding axial tooth so that a
period of rest is given to the belt or strap during the time that the types are being
ejected other positive action intermittent gear may be used for this purpose. 30 lifter
carried by arms 31 pivotted at 32 to the frame 1. 33 cam on the shaft 19 for raising
the lifter and with it the strap or belt 24 close to the types whilst the said types are
being ejected and the belt or strap is at rest. If the lower side edges of the metal
lengths 2 are cut away the belt or strap 24 may be placed nearer the types and the
lifter dispensed with but in this case types may be sometimes ejected onto the belt or
strap in a crooked position. 34 dead plate. 35 constantly moving strap carried by
the pulleys 36 on shafts 37 free to revolve in bearings in the frame 1. 38 rake
pivotted to an arm 39 and held in position by a spring 40. The arm 39 has a slot 41
at its lower end which fits over a fulcrum pin 42 secured to the frame 1 by a bracket
or to the carrying table or stand in any convenient manner. 43 disc carried by a
shaft in bearings in the frame 1 driven by bevel gear 44 from the shaft 19. The disc
is provided with a pin 45 fitting in a slot 46 in the arm 39. 47 spring connected to
the pin 45 and to the arm 39. The shaft 37 is geared to the driving shaft 48 of the
disc 43 by toothed wheels 49 so proportioned that the strap 35 moves at about half
the speed of the strap 24. 50 stop block. The above parts 24 to 50 constitute the
apparatus for conveying away and collecting the types. 51 push piece attached to
guides 52 free to move to and fro in the block 50. 53 disc wheel carried on a shaft
free to rotate in bearings on the frame 1 and driven by toothed wheels 54 from the
gear 49 so that the pusher acts about ten times during each revolution of the shaft 19.
55 rocking piece pivotted at 56 and actuated by a cam 57 on a shaft froe to revolve in
bearings in the frame 1. The said cam is actuated by the gearing 54 so as to operate
the rocking piece each time the pusher 51 acts. 58 stage on which the type received
by the rocking piece 55 on their flat, are deposited on their edges. 59 presser pivotted
at 60 to the stage 58.
The above parts 51 to 60 constituto the apparatus for setting types on edge and in
line. 61 frame carried by any suitable standards. 62 chase held by adjustable stops,
63. 64 on the frame 61. The chase 62 has a sliding piece 65 adjusted by Screws and

page_text: a top piece attached by Screws to the side pieces which is put on when the chase is
full of type. 66 type holder carried in guides in the frame 61 and held in position
by pawls 67. 68 type adjusting piece hinged to the frame 61 at 69 or arranged to
work in grooves or have a parallel motion. The extent of motion of the piece 68 is
regulated by a groove in the chase frame 62 or by adjustable stops.
It will be evident that the gearing between the shaft 19 and the parts actuated may
be varied so long as the said parts move in unison at the desired times and at the
necessary speeds.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The carriage 10 being at the back of
the frame 1 such keys 14 are depressed as will cause the required types to be ejected
and springs 15 hold the said rear ends depressed. The carriage 10 is moved forward
by the cam 21 and such ejectors as have their rear ends depressed pass through the
slots in the back of the Reservoir and eject types while the remaining ejectors pass
through the grooves 4 between the filling pieces 3. When free from the cam 21 the
carriage 10 is returned by a Spring 22 or weight to its normal position; at this time
the bar 16 is raised by the cam 22 and the rear ends of the depressed ejectors are
restored to their original position. When the types are being ejected the strap 24 is
raised close to the reservoir by the lifter 30 actuated by cam 33 and the said strap is
stationary owing to a tooth 29 being in gear with the wheel 28. As soon as the types
are ejected the lifter 30 is released and the strap 24 begins to move and carry the
types to the dead plate 34. When the types reach the dead plate the rake 38 carries
the types in a body on their flat side over the dead plate on to the constantly moving
strap 35 where they collect against one another and the stop 50. On the return
stroke of the rake the arm 39 is lifted by the pin 45 acting on the arm 39 through the
spring 47 as far as the slot 41 allows and the rake is raised free from the types. The
types collected against the stop 50 are pushed on their flat faces one by one by the
pusher piece 51 on to the rocking piece 55 by which they are turned on their edges
and are transferred to the stage 58 and held by the presser 59 the types push each
other forward down the stage 58 until they reach the chase 62 where they are run into
position by the justifier on the type holder 66. The line of type is now depressed by
the hinged piece 68 and a second line run into position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The combination of parts substantially as herein set forth to constitute a type
composing machine.
Second. The combination in type composing Machines of a Reservoir between and
above type ejecting apparatus and apparatus for conveying away and collecting types
substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination of apparatus for conveying away and collecting types
with apparatus for setting types in edge and line substantially as described.
Fourth. Type reservoirs constructed of lengths of metal and strips of wood or other
material bound together substantially as set forth.
Fifth. Type ejecting apparatus consisting of a carriage pivotted ejectors keys and
retaining springs substantially as set forth.
Sixth. Constructing a chase and holder substantially as set forth for mo with type
composing machines.
Dated the 2nd March 1888
Per pro J. T. KING,
James Johnson,
Agent.