IMPROVEMENTS IN. APPARATUS FOR CLEARING SLIVERS, YARNS, OR THREADS OF COTTON AND. OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL OF KNOTS AND ROUGHNESS OR LOOSE FIBRE
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Oliver and Henry Birkby Arundel, both of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN. APPARATUS FOR CLEARING SLIVERS, YARNS, OR THREADS
OF COTTON AND. OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL OF KNOTS AND ROUGHNESS OR
LOOSE FIBRE,"
Sealed the 24th January 1879, and dated the 25th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Oliver and Henry
Birkby Arundel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th
November 1878.
JOHN OLIVER and HENRY BIRKBY ARUNDEL, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEARING
SLIVERS, YARNS, OR THREADS OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL OF
KNOTS AND ROUGHNESS OR LOOSE FIBRE."
The present improvements relate to apparatus for removing knots or lumps and
roughnesses or loose fibre from slivers, yarns, or threads, either by breaking the yarn
where the knots or lumps occur, or by singing or "gassing." In the Specification
to Oliver's Patent, No. 3752, of 1875, were described various arrangements, wherein
the sliver, yarn, or thread was caused to pass between or over surfaces, one part of
which was moved by the passage of a knot or roughness, so as to constitute a clamp
by which such portion was held and the yarn thus broken.
According to one of the present improvements two pairs of jaws are placed one
behind the other; the one jaw of the front pair and the opposite jaw of the back
pair are connected together and mounted on a pivot, while the other two jaws are
stationary, so that as the loose jaw of the front pair is moved away from the
stationary jaw by the passage of a knot or lump, the loose jaw of the back pair is
thereby moved against its stationary jaw, and so nips the thread and causes it to be
broken by the pull put upon it. Both the stationary jaws and the loose jaws may
be adjustible to and from each other to suit yarns or threads of different fineness.
[Price 6d.1

page_text: Instead of fixing the loose jaws together and mounting them on one and the same
pivot, they may be separate and mounted on pivots attached to the contiguous
stationary jaw, the loose jaws being so connected that the movement of the one
causes the movement of the other jaw in the same manner as though they were
fixed together.
The pivot on which the loose jaws turn may either be horizontal above or below
the jaws, or it may be vertical in front or behind the same, the jaws being in that
case carried by a horizontal arm mounted on the pivot.
According to another arrangement there is only one pair of jaws, one of which is
fixed and the other moveable. For this purpose the axis on which the loose jaw is
mounted is so arranged out of line with the acting surface of the jaw that on being
turned on such axis by a passing knot or lump, the jaw will move towards the fixed
jaw and nip the thread. The axis may for this purpose be arranged either in a
horizontal or a vertical position..
Instead of the one jaw being fixed, both may be moveable as described, and they
may be connected by a pivot to insure both moving together. The acting surfaces
may be serrated if necessary; stops or fixed jaws may be provided for limiting the
motion of the moveable jaws.
According to another arrangement of clearing apparatus, a plate having a slot
through which the thread passes, and which may be adjustible, is mounted on a
pivot, and is so connected to a second plate that on being moved by a knot or lump
striking against it, it moves the second plate so as to bring the thread within a
gradually narrowing slit thereof, so that the thread being wedged in has its motion
arrested. The two plates are so balanced that when no knots are passing the first
named plate keeps the second one clear of the thread.
"
י
In removing roughnesses or loose fibre by "singing or "gassing," the yarn or
thread is made to travel over two grooved pullies or bowls at a distance apart, the
thread being acted upon by a gas flame between the two. The present improve-
ments relate to arrangements for mounting the said bowls, so that the thread shall
be readily guided into the grooves of the bowl, and that the bowl shall be capable
of rapid removal from its bracket.
For these purposes, according to one improvement, a recessed shield is provided
on the bracket carrying the bowl, into the recess of which shield the inner edge of
the bowl fits, so that the thread is readily guided by the projecting rim of the
shield into the groove of the bowl, and is also prevented from slipping off the rim
of the latter. The pin or axis of the bowl may be either on the shield or on the
bracket.
For readily removing the bowl we place the pin or axis on which it is mounted
either at an angle to the horizontal plane, so that the bowl will be kept securely on
the pin without any head or button being provided on the latter, and can therefore
be readily drawn off the pin when required. Or the axes of the two bowls may be
made to form a slight horizontal angle with each other, so that while the thread is
passing round the bowls they are kept securely on their axes.
According to another arrangement the axis of the bowl is fixed or formed on the
bowl itself, and is mounted in an inclined socket on the bracket, or on the before-
mentioned shield, which arrangement offers the further advantage that the oiling
of the axis can be effected from behind the bracket, and thus all oil on the front
face of the bowl is avoided.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Oliver and Henry Birkby Arundel in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd May 1879.
"
JOHN OLIVER and HENRY BIRKBY ARUNDEL, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Machine Makers. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEARING
SLIVERS, YARNS, OR THREADS OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL OF
KNOTS AND ROUGHNESS OR LOOSE FIBRE."
The present improvements relate to apparatus for removing knots or lumps and
roughnesses or loose fibre from slivers, yarns, or threads, either by breaking the
yarn where the knots or lumps occur, or by singing or "gassing." In the Specifica-
tion to Oliver's Patent, No. 3752, of 1875, were described various arrangements,
wherein the. sliver, yarn, or thread was caused to pass between or over surfaces, one
part of which was moved by the passage of a knot or roughness, so as to constitute
a clamp by which such portion was held and the yarn thus broken. According to
one of the present improvements two pairs of jaws are placed one behind the other;
the one jaw of the front pair and the opposite jaw of the back pair are connected
together and mounted on a pivot, while the other two jaws are stationary, so that
as the loose jaw of the front pair is moved away from the stationary jaw by the
passage of a knot or lump, the loose jaw of the back pair is thereby moved against
its stationary jaw, and so nips the thread and causes it to be broken by the pull
upon it.
Both the stationary jaws and the loose jaws may be adjustible to and
from each other to suit yarns or threads of different fineness. Instead of fixing the
loose jaws together and mounting them on one and the same pivot, they may be
separate and mounted on pivots attached to the contiguous stationary jaw, the loose
jaws being so connected that the movement of the one causes the movement of the
other jaw in the same manner as though they were fixed together.
The pivot on which the loose jaws turn may either be horizontal above or below
the jaws, or it may be vertical in front or behind the same, the jaws being in that
case carried by a horizontal arın mounted on the pivot.
According to another arrangement there is only one pair of jaws, one of which is
fixed and the other moveable. For this purpose, the axis on which the loose jaw is
mounted is so arranged out of line with the acting surface of the jaw that on being
turned on such axis by a passing knot or lump, the jaw will move towards the fixed
jaw and nip the thread. The axis may for this purpose be arranged either in a
horizontal or a vertical position.
Instead of the one jaw being fixed, both may be moveable as described, and they
may be connected by a pivot to insure both moving together. The acting surfaces
may be serrated if necessary; stops or fixed jaws may be provided for limiting the
motion of the moveable jaws.
According to another arrangement of clearing apparatus, a plate having a slot
through which the thread passes and which may be adjustible, is mounted on a pivot
and is so connected to a second plate that on being moved by a knot or lump striking
against it, it moves the second plate so as to bring the thread within a gradually
narrowing slit thereof, so that the thread being wedged in has its motion arrested;
the two plates are so balanced that when no knots are passing the first named plate
keeps the second one clear of the thread.
In removing roughnesses or loose fibre by " singing" or "gassing," the yarn or
thread is made to travel over two grooved pullies or bowls at a distance apart, the
thread being acted upon by a gas flame between the two. The present improve-
ments relate to arrangements for mounting the said bowls so that the thread shall
be readily guided into the grooves of the bowl, and that the bowl shall be capable
of rapid removal from its bracket.
For these purposes, according to one improvement, a recessed shield is provided.
on the bracket carrying the bowl, into the recess of which shield the inner edge of

page_text: the bowl fits, so that the thread is readily guided by the projecting rim of the shield
into the groove of the bowl, and is also prevented from slipping off the rim of
the latter. The pin or axis of the bowl may be either on the shield or on the
bracket.
For readily removing the bowl we place the pin or axis on which it is mounted
either at an angle to the horizontal plane so that the bowl will be kept securely on
the pin without any head or button being provided on the latter, and can therefore
be readily drawn off the pin when required. Or the axes of the two bowls may be
made to form a slight horizontal angle with each other, so that while the thread is
passing round the bowls they are kept securely on their axes.
According to another arrangement the axis of the bowl is fixed or formed on the
bowl itself, and is mounted in an inclined socket on the bracket or on the before
mentioned shield, which arrangement offers the further advantage that the oiling of
the axis can be effected from behind the bracket, and thus all oil on the front face
of the bowl is avoided.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a front view; Fig. 1a, an end view; and Fig. 1b, a plan of one
form of nipping jaws according to our Invention. The right hand front jaw A. and
the left hand back jaw B are stationary; the other jaws, namely, the left front C
and the right back D are joined together and mounted on an axis E. In order to
adjust the space between the jaws to suit different thicknesses of yarn, the jaw A
has a fillet à fitted, to slide in a groove b formed in B, the jaws being set so as to
allow the proper thickness of yarn to pass. When a knot or thick part enters
between A and C it pushes C aside, and D being thus brought closer to B the yarn
is nipped so as to prevent passage of the knot or lump. The jaws when set are
secured by a screw t, and it is of advantage to provide a shield or bent plate T
covering the whole range of screws t; this shield being under lock and key prevent
the screws from being tampered with so as to alter the adjustment of the jaws.
Figs. 2, 2, and 2b shew respectively by front view, end view, and plan a modified
arrangement in which the axis E is situated above the jaws. In this case the jaws A
and B are adjustible by sliding the fillet a in the groove b and fixing by the screw t,
also the jaws C and D are similarly adjustible by sliding a fillet d projecting from D
in a groove c formed in C, and fixing by a screw t'. Figs. 3, 3, and 3b are corres-
ponding views of an arrangement in which the axis E is vertical and situated behind
the jaws. Figs. 4, 40, and 4b are corresponding views of an arrangement in which the
jaw C works on an axis E' attached to B, the jaw D on an axis E2 attached to A,
and each of those jaws has a tail piece projecting downwards. A setting screw F at
their lower ends serves to adjust the width of passage between the jaws which may
be varied as desired, their edges being nevertheless set parallel to one another.
the arrangement shown in front view at Fig. 5, in side view at 50, and in plan at
Fig. 5b, there is on the one side a stationary jaw L, and on the other side there is a
moveable jaw L¹ mounted on a vertical axis H which is behind the plane of the face
where the yarn enters between the jaws, so that when a knot or swell on the yarn
in trying to enter tends to move the jaw backwards its front edge having to move
in a circular arc round H pinches the yarn between it and the fixed jaw. According
to the arrangement shewn in front view at Fig. 5c, in end view at Fig. 5d, and in
plan at Fig. 5e, the jaws L are serrated at the edges, and are pivotted on horizontal
axes H in a frame which is placed obliquely to the direction of the yarns indicated
by the dotted lines Y, Y. The jaws are made with heavy tail pieces W, which keep
them in an upright position unless when a knot or lump on the yarn in trying to
enter cants the jaw so as to make it pinch the yarn. In the arrangement shewn in
front view at Fig. 6, in side view at Fig. 6a, and in plan at Fig. 6b, there are two
stationary front jaws G, G, behind which are two moveable jaws L, L, mounted on
vertical axes which are behind the plan of their faces, so that when a knot or swell
on the yarn comes against L, L, tending to move them backwards, their front edges
having to move in circular ares round H, H, pinch the yarn between them.
In
The
I

page_text: frame containing the jaws, though shewn in an upright position in Fig. 6a, should
be inclined a little forwards so that the weight of the jaws L, L, tends to keep them
against G, G, as shewn in Fig. 6b, unless when an inequality on the yarn moves
them backwards. The jaws L, L, may be set forward and serrated as shewn in the
plan, Fig. 6c. Also to ensure both jaws moving together one of them, as shewn in
Fig. 6d, has a stud S projecting into a hole in the edge of the other. Fig. 7 represents
a front view; Fig. 7, an end view, and Fig. 7b, a plan of two sets of jaws L, L,
which hang from axes H placed obliquely so that when knots or swells on the yarn
acting against the mouths of the jaws tend to press them backwards they are at the
same time, owing to the obliquity of their axes, closed together and pinch the yarn
between them.
The various forms of jaws above described may be made in sets so that several
may be adjusted at once, and the screws securing them in their adjusted position
may be under locked shields, as described with reference to Figs. 1, 1ª, and 1b, so
that the adjustment cannot be tampered with.
Fig. 8 represents a side view, and Fig. 8a a front view of an arrangement of two
pairs of jaws, the front pair M. and the back pair N formed in one piece mounted
on the axis H. The front jaws M have a tapering slit wide enough in its upper
part for free-passage of the yarn Y in its straight course to the guide rod R, but
narrowing towards its lower part so that when a knot or swell coming against N
causes the jaws to be canted is indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 8, the narrowing
slit of the front jaw M is brought across the path of the yarn which becomes wedged
thereon and is stopped. The jaws may be partly counterbalanced, as shewn in
Fig. 8b, by a weight I or J. For adjusting the width of the slit in N a picce n is
fitted to slide obliquely on the face of the jaw, being secured in position by a screw.
A similar adjustment may be applied to the jaws described in reference to Figs. 1, 1ª,
and 1b, 2, 2ª, and 2, 3, 3ª, and 3b. Fig. 9 is a vertical section shewing our improved
mode of mounting the grooved pulley or bowl O employed in the process of singeing
or gassing in front of a recessed shield P, the projecting rim of which serves as a
guide to the yarn, preventing it from leaving the inner groove. The axis Qon
which the pulley runs is inclined a little upwards so that the pulley while revolving
tends to keep in its place, but it can be readily taken off by hand when desired.
The shield P, instead of being fixed on the bracket by the saine nut as secures the
axis of the pulley may be cast or independently secured on the bracket, and it may
have a slotted hole through it for passage of the axis Q, so that the pulley can be
adjusted higher or lower. In this case the shield may be of elliptical form in front
view, or its projecting rim may consist of two semicircular arcs joined by straight
sides. According to the modification shewn by the vertical section, Fig. 10, the
pulley O is fixed on the axis Q which revolves in a slightly inclined hole in the boss
of the shield P. This arrangement gives convenience for lubricating the rubbing
surfaces by oil admitted by an inclined oil hole S. Although in Figs. 9 and 10 we
have shewn the axis of the pulley inclined as a convenient arrangement for taking
off and replacing the pulley, it may be readily understood that the shield which
we have described is applicable to pullies having their axes horizontal.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, we claim in respect of apparatus for clearing slivers, yarns, or
threads of knots, roughness, and loose fibre,-
First. The use of two pairs of jaws, one of the front pair and the opposite one
of the back pair being connected and mounted so that when the space between the
front pair is widened by the entrance of a knot or swell on a passing thread the
space between the back pair is narrowed so as to pinch the thread and prevent
the passage of the knot or swell, substantially as herein described.
Second. The use of a single pair of jaws, either or both so pivotted that the
passage of a knot or swell causes their lips to approach so as to pinch the thread
5 and prevent passage of the knot or swell, substantially as herein described.
Third. The use of a pair of plates presenting slits for passage of the thread, and
so mounted together that the passage of a knot or swell cants them to a position

page_text: such that the thread is nipped in a narrowed part of the one slit, thus preventing
passage of the knot or swell, substantially as herein described.
Fourth. Mounting the grooved pulley or bowl employed in singeing or gassing
apparatus in face of a recessed shield having a projecting rim to guide the thread,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Fifth. Mounting the pulley or bowl referred to in the preceding claim with its
axis revolving in an inclined hole in the shield for convenience of lubrication, sub-
stantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Oliver and Henry Birkby Arundel,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
LIV.
(L.S.)
HENRY BIRKBY ARUNDEL. (L.S.)