Improvements in Material for Making Wire Fencing, Applicable also to the Manufacture of Telegraphic Wires.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1890-Accepted, 27th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Material for Making Wire Fencing, Applicable also
to the Manufacture of Telegraphic Wires.
I JAMES BERESFORD of 4 Keppel Road, Chorlton-cum-Hardy near Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
:-
My said invention relates to improvements in the wire or material for making wire
fencing and for telegraph wires as is well understood. The wire from which fencing
for example is at present made is of a round or circular form in cross section and is
on that account subject to certain disadvantages which are in my opinion obviated by
the use of wire or material of my improved section. For example where wedges or
drop pieces are used to secure the wire to metallic uprights standards or posts the flat
faces of the said wedges have but little contact with the round wire owing to the
convex surface of the wire against which the wedges press and consequently the.
wedges are easily dislodged. Again the said round wire is of considerable weight and
is not easily seen in situations where it is desirable that it should be as apparent as
possible as for example in the hunting field and in bird preserves. Add to this that
the rounded wire offers facilities for the settlement of snow and the like, the weight of
which frequently causes breakage of telegraph wires. According to my invention I
form wire for the said purposes of triangular cross section and by this form I obtain a
wire which is of considerably lighter section while presenting a wider and more
distinctly apparent surface than is the case with round wire. The triangular wire is
also stronger because the material is better distributed at a greater distance from the
centre than in the round wire and owing to the broad flat faces, I obtain much greater
security and rigidity when the wire is wedged to metallic posts or uprights or when it
is secured to wooden posts by staples or passed through the said posts, as the flat faces
provide extended bases which prevent the wire from turning or canting or becoming
loose or deranged. An additional advantage of the triangular wire is that owing to
its wedge shape at three points in its perimeter less resistance is offered to wind and
weather; snow slides more easily from its sides so that it is less likely to be broken
down all of which considerations are of especial importance in wires which are elevated
and exposed as in the case of telegraph wires. When my improved triangular wire is
used for fencing purposes the sharp edges render such fences less liable to be climbed
or sat or stepped upon or leaned against or otherwise to be subject to wantonly rough
usage from human beings or cattle. As a further safeguard however from such usage
or handling I might serrate the said sharp edges, so as to present points which will
tend to ward off animals without much danger of cutting or tearing. The aforesaid
improved triangular material might be made sufficiently large and strong to be used
in the construction of iron hurdles the material being placed either vertically,
horizontally or crossed.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1889
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Material for Making Wire Fencing, Applicable also
to the Manufacture of Telegraphic Wires.
I, JAMES BERESFORD of 4 Keppel Road, Chorlton-cum-Hardy near Manchester in
the County of Lancaster Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
--
My said invention relates to improvements in the wire or material for making wire
fencing and for telegraph wires as is well understood. The wire from which fencing
for example is at present made is of a round or circular form in cross section and is on
that account subject to certain disadvantages which are in my opinion obviated by
the use of wire or material of my improved section. For example where wedges or
drop pieces are used to secure the wire to metallic uprights, standards or posts, the flat
faces of the said wedges have but little contact with the round wire owing to the
convex surface of the wire against which the wedges press and consequently the
wedges are easily dislodged. Again the said round wire is of considerable weight
and is not easily seen in situations where it is desirable that it should be as apparent
as possible as for example in the hunting field and in bird preserves. Add to this
that the rounded wire offers facilities for the settlement of snow and the like, the
weight of which frequently causes breakage of telegraph wires.
My improved forms of wire are shown in the annexed sheet of drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view to an enlarged scale of a piece of fencing or telegraph
wire of my improved section.
Fig. 2. is a cross section of the wire shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. shows a portion of fencing made of my improved wire.
Fig. 4. is an end view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5. is a view of my improved form of wire with serrated ridge.
Fig. 6. is a cross section of, Fig. 5..
Fig. 7. is a view of a portion of my improved fencing wire twisted into a spiral
form.
According to my invention and as shown in the drawings 1 form wire or material
for the said purposes of triangular cross section as shown particularly in Figs. 1 and 2
and by this formn I obtain a wire which is of considerably lighter section, while
presenting a wider and more distinctly apparent surface than is the case with round
wire.
The triangular wire is also stronger because the material is better distributed at a
greater distance from the centre than in the round wire and owing to the broad flat
faces I obtain much greater security and rigidity, when, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4,
the wire a, is wedged to metallic posts or uprights 6, by means of wedges c, or when it
is secured, to wooden posts by staples or passed through the said posts, as the flat faces.
provide extended bases which prevent the wire from turning or canting or becoming
loose, or deranged. An additional advantage of the triangular wire or material is that
owing to its wedge shape at three points in its perimeter less resistance is offered to
wind and weather; snow slides more easily from its sides, so that it is less likely to be.
broken down, all of which considerations are of especial importance in wires which are
elevated and exposed as in the case of telegraph wires. When my improved triangular
wire is used for, fencing purposes, the sharp edges render such fences less liable to be
climbed, or, sat or stepped upon or leaned against or otherwise to be subject to wantonly
rough usage from human beings or cattle. As a further safeguard however from such
usage or handling I might serrate the said sharp edges or one of them, as shown in
Fig. 5, so as to present points which will tend to ward off animals without much
danger of cutting or tearing. To form a better and sharper tooth in the case of such
serrated wire, I might form the triangular wire with concave sides so as to make the
edges or corners sharper and consequently give a better tooth as clearly shown in
Figs. 5 and 6.

page_text: Fig. 7 illustrates a portion of my improved form of wire drawn or twisted into a
spiral.
The aforesaid improved triangular material although referred to in my specification
generally as "wire" might be made sufficiently large and strong to be used in the
construction of iron hurdles or continuous fencing of a strong make the material being
placed either vertically horizontally or crossed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
--
1) Making wire or material for fencing or telegraphic purposes of a triangular
section as shown and described.
2) In the manufacture of wire or material for fencing purposes serrating all of the
edges or one of the edges as described and as shown in Fig. 5.
3) In the manufacture of serrated wire or material of a triangular section for
fencing purposes forming the sides of the wire concave as described and as shown in
Figs. 5 and 6.
Dated this 30th day of July 1890
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester, Agents.