Improvements in Tools Secured to Wood Shafts or Handles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools Secured to Wood Shafts or Handles.
WALTER CASSELL Tool Maker 129 Conybere Street, Highgate Birmingham
in the County of Warwickshire do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to hammers, picks, axes, sweeping-brooms, and all other
kinds of tools secured to wood shafts or handles.
In order that this invention may be clearly understood reference will be made to
the drawings herewith in which
Figure 1 is an elevation of a hammer constructed according to one method.
Figure 2 a plan.
Figure 3 an elevation of a second method.
Figure 4 a plan of the same.
Figure 5 is an elevation of a modification of the central wedge.
Figure 6 a plan of the central wedge.
Figure 7 an elevation of the wedge employed without the ferrul or collar, and
Figure 8 a plan of the same.
The heads, A, of the tools are of the usual types, such as hammers, picks,
axes, brooms, and the like; the shaft or handle, B, can be made of any shape and
length, as ordinarily made for the class and type it is intended for. The head is
secured to the shaft or handle by means of a wedge, C, the said wedge being
provided with a head larger than the end of the shaft or handle, driven tight into
the end of the shaft or handle, and secured in various ways. The first method,
shown in Figures 1 and 2, consists in placing a ferrul or collar, D, on the shaft or
handle in the front of the head and the wedge, C, secured to it by means of a small
rivet E. At other times a screw, F, is used, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the
latter being screwed either into the wood shaft or handle, B, or into the ferrul.
Again at other times the ferrul or collar, D, is made slightly taper and driven on
to the shaft or handle, B, and the wedge, C, is jagged or ragged on the sides, as
shown in Figures 5 and 6, and driven tight in, this holds the wedge, C, fast in the
end of the shaft or handle, B, and expands the wood in the ferrul or collar, D,
keeping it up to the head of the tool, and prevents the wood from splitting. The
last arrangement is shown in Figures 8 and 9. In this case the ferrul is dispensed
with, the wedge, C, being secured simply by means of a pin or rivet, E, passed
through the shaft or handle close behind the tool head. Sometimes a wood screw
is used instead of the rivet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. Tools of any description in which the head is secured to the shaft or handle
by means of a wedge furnished with a large head and driven into the end of the
shaft or handle.
2nd. Securing the said wedge to the shaft or handle by means of a ferrul or
collar, placed on the shaft or handle before the tool head is put on, and a rivet.
3rd. Securing the said wedge to the ferrul by means of a screw, screwed into
the wood shaft or handle.

page_text: 4th. Securing the said wedge to the ferrul by means of a screw, screwed into
the ferrul and passing through the shaft or handle into the other side of the ferrul.
5th. The use of a jagged or ragged wedge driven into the end of the shaft or
handle, the ferrul in this case being only used to prevent the tool head from
working up the shaft or handle, and preventing the wood shaft or handle from
being split when the wedge is driven into it, the ferrul also strengthening the
shaft in the part that usually breaks first.
.
6th. Securing the said wedge, without the ferrul, by simply driving a pin
tightly behind the tool head or using a wood screw screwed into the shaft or
handle.