Improvements in or connected with Water Waste Preventers for Flushing Purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Water Waste Preventers for
Flushing Purposes.
I, ALFRED EDMUND PARNACOTT, of 33, Finck Street, Upper Marsh, Westminster
Bridge Road, Lambeth, in the County of London, Builder, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention refers to improvements in or connected with water waste pre-
venters for flushing purposes, wherein a body of air compressed by the head of
water entering a closed cistern or container, is utilized to increase the flushing
power of the outflow, the principal objects of the invention being to simplify
the mechanism of such apparatus.
According to my invention I provide a closed and air tight cistern or container,
wherein the exit aperture (to which the down pipe may be attached) is located
at the base of same, and the said exit passage or down pipe formed with or
attached thereto, bends away laterally for a distance. Through one part of the
wall of the exit passage or pipe and fixed thereto, there passes a vertical tube
extending centrally or thereabouts through the exit aperture and for a required
distance into the container.
Capable of loosely sliding upon this fixed tube I provide a valve, which when
in its normal position closes the exit aperture, and from the upper surface of
the valve there extends a closed hollow casing of suitable shape, while within the
casing, and upon the upper surface of the valve, there may be a continuous
bearing surface generally somewhat raised from the said upper surface of the
valve. When the valve is raised this bearing surface comes against a (generally
elastic) bearing facing, formed upon the under side of an annular part or shoulder
fixed or formed on the fixed tube at a proper distance from the valve seating of
the exit passage, and from the top of the tube.
outer
of
Passing loosely through the fixed tube there is an actuating rod, the
lower end of which, projecting through the
and lower end
the fixed tube, is capable of being raised by operating a lever in connection
therewith, the rod and lever being arranged to automatically return to their
original positions when released.
Upon the actuating rod being raised, its length is such, that it strikes against
the interior of the valve casing or chamber, and raises both the said chamber
and the valve, the bearing surface on the top of the valve, being brought into
contact with the fixed elastic facing. In the meantime the flushing water rushes
down the "down pipe" or passage, accelerated by the expansion of the com-
pressed air within the cistern, and the valve is held up, by reason that the air
within the valve casing is at atmospheric pressure, it being in communication
with the atmosphere by the fixed tube, and closed from communication with the
interior of the cistern. "The valve is thus supported by the difference of pressures.
When the flushing water has been driven out from the cistern the valve will

page_text: fall, and another supply of water will enter by the supply pipe, without the inter-
vention of any controlling cock or valve, and the cistern will be supplied until
the pressure of the air within the cistern, equals the pressure of the main supply.
Dated this 16th day of November 1897.
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or connected with Water Waste Preventers for
Flushing Purposes.
I, ALFRED EDMUND PARNACOTT, of 33, Finck Street, Upper Marsh, Westminster
Bridge Road, Lambeth, in the County of London, Builder, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
This invention refers to improvements in, or connected with, water waste pre-
venters for flushing purposes of that type which is brought into action by
mechanical means, arranged externally of the apparatus, and wherein a body of
air, compressed by the head of water entering a closed cistern or container, is
utilized to increase the flushing power of the outflow, the principal objects of the
invention being to simplify the mechanism of such apparatus, to ensure an
effective flushing power with proper continuous working, to obviate the employ-
ment of packed joints to the moving parts, to simplify the connection of the
discharge pipe with the container, and generally improve the efficiency and action
of the apparatus.
In order that my invention may be readily understood, I will describe same
with reference to the accompanying drawing, whereon is shewn an example of
a water waste preventer, constructed according to my said invention, the apparatus
being shewn in vertical section.
According to my invention I provide a closed and airtight cistern or con-
tainer A, the exit aperture being located at the base of same. To the exit aperture
of the container I fit an outlet pipe B there being a valve seating at or near such
exit aperture, and although the outlet pipe B may be fixed by many forms of
jointing of common knowledge, yet I have found the following to present increased
advantages. The exit aperture of the container A is formed with a neck A¹,
exteriorally flanged, or with external projections at A2, and having an internal
shoulder at A3, while the outlet pipe or passage B is formed to enter the neck A',
and bear against a valve seating ring C, which latter is placed between the end of
the exit pipe B and the shoulder A³. The valve seating thus not only constitutes
packing ring between the outlet pipe and the container, but is itself secured
in position, being supported on its under surface by an inner bead B of the
exit pipe, and by this arrangement the valve seating, even when composed of
india rubber, is not detrimentally affected by the varying pressures. On the
exterior surfaces of the exit pipe B, I provide a flange or external projections B2,
and bolts ) are fitted to hold the exit pipe to the seat of the container, so
that by the construction of this joint, not only is the valve ring C held in place,
but the airtight closure of the joint is assured.
a
The exit pipe B is generally made to bend away laterally for a short distance
and its lower end is fixed or jointed to either the entrance of the water closet
flush ring, or to the drain, or other place to be flushed, and it is frequently con-
venient to form the end of the exit pipe B with annular parting grooves such
as B3. It should be particularly observed that the outlet pipe B is reduced in

page_text: area towards the lower end in order to stop any
tail race action, that is
to say suction which would produce a vortex and causes the air to be extracted
from the container, for I have found that unless the supply water is caused to
enter the container quietly as hereafter mentioned, and is checked in the outgo
by the reduced size of the outlet pipe B, substantially as shewn, the working of
the apparatus is detrimentally affected.
Passing centrally and vertical through the aperture of the valve seating C, I
provide an open ended tube E, the upper end entering the container A, while
the lower end is fixed into and passes through the wall of the exit pipe B.
Capable of loosely sliding upon this fixed tube there is a valve F, resting on the
valve seat C, and normally closing the exit aperture, the valve F being composed
of a hollow casing having a central tubular lower extension F¹ open at its lower
end, and taking over the upper end of the guide tube E, the hollow valve body
being entirely closed except at that part where the said guide tube E enters the
tubular extension F¹. Passing loosely through the fixed tube E, and without
any packed joint, there is an actuating rod G.
The actuating rod G is capable of being raised by any suitable and convenient
means, not necessary to be shewn on the drawing, such for example as a lever
operated by hand or foot; the throw of the operating lever, and consequently the
travel of the operating rod, G. should be limited, and be arranged to automati-
cally return to their original positions when released.
That part of the guide tube E which is immediately within the lower tubular
extension F1 of the valve F, when closed, is reduced externally so as to leave a
free clearance, which allows ready escape of water which may have entered the
body of the valve F, and moreover the reduction in the diameter of the tube E at
this part allows the valve F to seat fairly and not to absolutely depend for its
proper working upon absolutely accurate adjustment of the parts. The increase
in diameter at the upper end of the guide tube E reduces the leakage of water
into the hollow of the valve when the latter is raised, although it is not particu-
larly desired to absolutely exclude the entry, as the presence of a small quantity
of water facilitates the closing of the valve; by its construction, the valve is
adapted to receive the leakage, and whereby the leakage water is prevented from
passing down the guide tube E. The container A is supplied with water through
an entrance aperture H direct from the main supply, and without the necessary
employment of any intervening cock or valve, the employment of ball float valves
with my invention being dispensed with. In some cases, although not shown in
the drawing I may provide a check valve of any suitable character, such as a ball
valve, should it be desired to ensure that no water or air should pass back through
the supply passage H.
When fitted in position, the container A becomes supplied with water through
the entrance aperture H, until the pressure of air within the container equals
the pressure of the main supply, and I have found it necessary to the proper
working of the apparatus to so arrange the passage H that the supply enters the
container A smoothly and with little disturbance of the water."
actuating rod G being raised, it comes into contact with the interior of the hollow
valve F, and lifts same from the seating, the throw of the actuating rod G being
sufficient to raise the valve above the influence of the suction caused by the rush
of water through the outlet.
Upon the
Immediately the valve F is opened, the water is forced through the outlet B,
by the air pressure in the container, while the valve is held up by flotation, and
the valve again closed as the container becomes emptied, the closure being accele-
rated by a small quantity of water which becomes forced into the hollow valve F,
and which water rapidly escapes upon the valve F regaining its seating, by reason
of the tubular stem F of the valve then coming over the reduced part of the
tube E. Upon the valve regaining its seating the container becomes again
charged.
Apparatus constructed according to my invention is applied without a tail race

page_text: and can be conveniently connected directly to the pan of the water closet, or to
the drain, or place to be flushed, and may be located on the back of the seat of
a water closet, or the main container A may be constructed to be placed at a
distance, with the valve chamber located near the water closet or drain.
In order to check the rush of water through the valve opening, and when it is
desired to reduce the flush, I may fit a reducing ring, such as K, by driving same
into the end of the exit pipe B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
-
1. In waste water preventers for flushing, purposes, which are brought into action
by mechanical means arranged exteriorally of the apparatus; a closed container in
direct connection with the main water supply, and wherein the water supply
is caused to enter without violence and compresses the air above it as the water
rises in the container, an outlet at the base of the container connected to the water
closet, drain, or place to be flushed, and a valve seating at the outlet, in combina-
tion with a hollow buoyant valve, normally resting on the seating to close the
outlet, the sectional area of the outlet pipe diminishing below the valve seat,
the valve having a lower tubular extension open at the base thereof and com-
municating with the interior of the valve, a tubular guide extending into the
interior of the valve, passing through the outlet passage, and having one end
fixed to the outer wall of same, the guide tube forming an open passage through
to the interior of the valve, the tubular extension of the valve loosely sliding on
the guide tube, and an actuating rod passing freely through the guide tube to
lift the valve when required, substantially as set forth.
2. In waste water preventers for flushing purposes, which are brought into
action by mechanical means arranged exteriorally of the apparatus; a closed con-
tainer in direct communication with the main water supply, the supply being
admitted without violence, an outlet at the base of the container connected to the
place to be flushed, such outlet consisting of a tubular part, the upper end being
adapted to receive a valve seating, the tubular part entering an internally
shouldered extension at the base of the container, the two parts being held
together by bolts connecting lugs on the parts, and gripping the valve seat
between the internal shoulder of one part and the end of the other, the outlet
becoming smaller in sectional area below the valve seat, in combination with a
hollow buoyant valve having an open tubular extension, a tubular fixed guide
extending into the interior of the valve and on which the latter freely slides, the
guide tube being reduced at one part to allow free escape of water from the valve,
when the latter is closed, and an actuating rod passing from the exterior through
the guide tube to the valve to operate same, substantially as described.
3. The general arrangement, and combination of parts, composing my improved
waste water preventer for flushing purposes, all constructed and acting substan-
tally as and for the purposes described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
Dated this 13th day of September 1898.
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicant.