IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Storey, of the Phenix Foundry,
Lancaster, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Storey
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 5th December 1853.
1, THOMAS STOREY, of the Phoenix Foundry, Lancaster, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGE-
MENT OF APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH SEWERS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved man-hole cover and trap for
sewers, and consists in the employment of a cast iron or other metallic
man-hole cover of any suitable shapedivided into compartments, into
each of which compartiments blocks of wood, stone, or any other
material suitable for paving, such as gravel, asphalte, &c., may be
inserted for the purpose of formning in combination with the metal
Price 8d 1

page_text: casing a safe wearing surface for horses, carriages, &c. to pass over.
The centre portion of this cover is perforated, the spaces opening from
above and expanding into the chamber beneath to allow of the exit of
foul air or gases, and a central space is adapted to admit of an elevating
key. The gulley is composed of cast iron or other metal, and is
arranged soas to provide a receptacle for any solid particles which may
pass the channel grate, to effectually trap the sewer, and prevent any
solid body from passing, other than will easily pass through the drain,
and to afford a ready means of cleaning the gulley drain, and sewer
or drain with which it is connected. It consists of a rectangular
or other shaped receptacle for the street drainage, the solid matters
resting at the bottom. A lip dips into this receptacle so as to form a
complete and effective stench trap.
In connection with the receptacle before mentioned isa pipe leading
down to the sewer, the receptacle and pipe being fitted respectively
with grating and closed lid, by which means the pipe and sewer may
be easily flushed by a hose when required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Thomas Storey in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th June 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I
THOMAS STOREY, of the Phoenix Foundry, Lancaster, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Storey, Her special
license that 1, the said Thomas Storey, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as 1, the said Thomas Storey, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term

page_text: therein expressed,should and lawfully might make,, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
CONNECTION WITH SEWERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Thomas Storey, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office.!
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date ot the
said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I,the said Thomas Storey,do, hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying.
Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say.:.
My said. Invention relates to an improved man-hole cover and trap
for sewers, and consists in, the employment of a cast iron or other
metallic man-hole cover of any suitable shape divided into compart-
ments,into, each of which compartments blocks of wood, stone, or any
other material suitable for paving,such as gravel;asphalte,&c., may be
inserted, for the purpose of forming in combination with the metal
casing a safe wearing, surface for horses, carriages, &c., to pass over...
The centre portion of this cover is perforated, the spaces opening from
aboveand expanding into the chamber beneath, to allow of the exit of
foul air or gases, and a central space is adapted to admit ofan elevating
key. The gully is composed of cast iron or other metal, and is arranged
so as to provide a receptacle for any solid particles which may pass the
channel grate, to effectually trap the sewer,aud prevent any solid body
from passing,other than will easilypass through the drain, and to afford
a ready means of cleaning the gullydrain,and sewer ordrain with which
it is connected. It consists of a rectangular or other shaped receptacle
for the street drainage, the solid matters resting on the bottom. A lip
dips into this receptacle so as to form a complete and effective stench
trap. In connection with the, receptacle before mentioned is a pipe

page_text: leading down to the sewer. the receptacle and pipe being fitted respec-
ively with grating and closed lid, or one lid may be made to cover
both, by which means the pipe and sewer may be easily flushed by a
hose when required.
Figure 1, on Sheet 1 of my Drawings, represents a side elevation of
my improved man-hole cover for sewers; Figure 2, is a corresponding
plan of the same: Figure 3, represents a longitudinal vertical section
of the cover, taken along the line c, d, in Figure 2; and Figure 4, a
horizontal section ofthe same, taken along the linea and b,in Figure1
The cover A, is composed of cast iron or other suitable metal, and is
divided into a number of compartments B, by the divisions C, which
are cast therein. A square aperture D, is left in the centre of the
cover, the top E of which is perforated at F, F, to ventilate the sewer
and to serve for the admission of the elevating key. The compart-
ments B, are shewn in the Drawing, Figures 1 and 2, as being fitted
with blocks of wood; but I do not confine myself to any particular
material, as that will depend entirely upon the nature of the road or
street in which the man-hole is situated. The man-hole cover is made
slightly conical, being smaller at the bottom than at the top, and fits into
the correspondingly tapered aperture in the cast iron frame G, which is
embedded in the pavement up to the level of the top of the rim H.
The bolt holes I, at each corner of the base plate are for the purpose
of securing it on to the top of the shaft which leads down to the sewer.
J, J, are other bolt holes, one in each chamber B, for securing the
blocks of wood or stone therein.
Figure 1, on Sheet 2 of my Drawings, represents a side elevation of
my improved gully trap; Figure 2, is a corresponding plan of the
same; Figure 3, is a vertical section of the gulley, taken through
the centre thereof; and Figure 4, represents a horizontal section of the
same, taken at the water level. A,is a receptacle for any solid matter
which may pass through the channel grating B,which is hinged at C,
to the body of the gully, and is secured by a hasp or otherfastening
at D, which is turned when it is required to open or closethe grating
for cleansing the receptacle A,by means of a suitable key fitting on to
the square sunk head E of the fastening. A lip F, cast in one piece

page_text: with the gully, dips into the receptacle to form a stench-trap, and
behind, this lip and on one side of the receptacle is cast also a
descending pipe G, leading down to the sewer. This pipe is fitted
with a close lid or cover H, opening by a hinge joint at I, and secured.
by a fastening J, similar to the grating of the gulley. This arrange.
ment affords facility for the introduction of a hose or pipe for flushing:
the sewer.
'
.
Figure 1,on Sheet 3 of the Drawings, represents a side elevation of
a modification of the gully last described; Figure 2, isa vertical section
of the same, taken through the centre thereof; Figure 3, is a plan of
the gully, with a portion of thegrating broken away to shew the interior
of the receptacle; aud Figure 4, is a partial front elevation and trans-
verse section of the same.
The principle of this gully is exactly similar to the gully ins
described, but in place of having a separate and untrapped cover for
the drain pipe, this cover is dispensed with, thereby rendering the exit
of any effluvia from the sewer an impossibility. The cover or grating
of the receptacle A, is secured in the same manner as the grating in
the last described arrangement, but in place of casting the lip B in
one piece with the body of the gully, it is made moveable, and rests
on supporting ledges. C, in the sides of the receptacle. Rivetted on
to the under side of the lip is a strip of india-rubber, leather, or other
suitable material C', which is pressed against the two brackets or
ledges C, and the front of the gully just above the opening by means
of a cam or cams D, cast on the under side of the hinge of the grate
and so making the joint perfectly air-tight and trapping the sewer
effectually. This lip, which is composed of wrought iron, is removed
when the sewer requires flushing, to admit of the introduction of a
hose into the pipe D', and is again replaced after the operation of
flushing is completed.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine
or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I
have had occasion to describe or refer to, as many variations may be

page_text: made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features
of my said Invention. But what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the peculiar arrangements and construction of covers for
sewers, as herein-before described.
Second, the peculiar arrangements and construction of gullies and
stench traps, combined as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, 1. the said Thomas Storey, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Second day of June, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
THOMAS STOREY. (LS.)