IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPLACES AND FLUES AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Welch, Architect, of Penge, in the County
of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPLACES AND FLUES
AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 13th November 1857, and dated the 27th May 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Welch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th May 1857.
I, EDWARD WELCH, Architect, of Penge, in the County of Surrey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPLACES
& FLUES, AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
1st. AN IMPROVED KITCHEN RANGE THAT COMBINES IN ONE (A COOKING,
RANGE AND A HOT AIR STOVE).
Description. I enclose the fire, boiler, & oven in a metal case, which
becomes heated from the flues within it. On its top or side I fix an iron
chimney communicating with the brick flue.
I place the whole apparatus
and iron chimney within a large air chamber formed in the chimney breast.
I admit the cold air into this chamber, warm it by passing it over the said
apparatus, & then convey it into any adjoining or upper rooms.
Pin Q17

page_text: 2nd: AN IMPROVED REGISTER STOVE. (COMBINING THE ORDINARY REGISTER
STOVE WITH INCREASED RADIATING POWER, AND A HOT AIR STOVE, HAVING
AN OVEN & BOILER THERETO, IF DESIRED.
Description. I screw the top plate of an ordinary register stove to the
cheeks, making the joint air-tight, and fix a sheet or cast iron or copper pipe
or chimney upon it, communicating with the brick flue. I fix the stove and
flue pipe within a large chamber formed in the chimney breast, and admit
the cold air into the said chamber, and warm it by passing it over the stove
and flue pipe, and then convey it to adjoining or upper rooms. I place an
oven under the fire and a boiler against its cheeks, when desired, thereby
making the stove into a cooking apparatus as well as a register stove.
3rd. A NEW COTTAGE FIRE GRATE & PORTABLE OVEN.
Description. The grate is formed by a cylindrical iron box, the outside
case of which forms the boiler and the inside a fire box. The grate stands
upon the hearth without brickwork, & gives out heat all around it.
The oven is formed by turning down a rim around an ordinary saucepan,
having holes on the top of the rim to pass the heat through. The rim
keeps the heat from the fire against the sides of the saucepan, making the
heat uniform, and qualifying the oven for baking over the fire.
4th. AN IMPROVED HOT AIR STOVE FOR HALLS, OFFICES, & SHOPS.
Description. The fireplace is a cylindrical pot surrounded by a hollow
ring or hoop. The heat from the cylindrical pot is led into and through
the hollow hoop, producing a large warming surface.
5th. A NEW MODE OF VENTILATING ROOMS BY MEANS OF THE COMMON FLUES.
Description. I cut a hole in the chimney breast, near the ceiling, under
the hearthstone of the room above, and cut a hole through the said hearth-
stone, and lead the foul air up the chimney of the upper room.
'
6st. AN IMPROVED WINDGUARD FOR SMOKY CHIMNIES.
Description. This consists of an iron base to slip within the top of an
ordinary flue, and a new top to prevent the wind blowing down the chimney.
7th. IMPROVEMENT IN THE FORM & APPLICATION OF BRICKS FOR CIRCULAR
FLUES, AND A CHEAPER MODE OF MAKING THE SAME.
Description. The improved form consists of one large hollow brick, four
of which forms a perfect circular flue, and one small brick of hollow trian-

page_text: gular shape, which enables the large brick to be applied to a series of flues
without enlarging the with or partition between the flues beyond the
ordinary size. The improved mode of making them cheaper consists in
burning them in a kiln sunk underground for the purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Welch in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
WELCH, Architect, of Penge, in the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the 27th day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Welch, Her special licence that I, the said Edward Welch, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Welch, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIREPLACES AND
FLUES, AND, APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Welch, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under his, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, aud in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Welch, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
First. AN IMPROVED KITCHEN RANGE, THAT COMBINES A COOKING RANGE AND
A STOVE FOR WARMING COLD AIR FOR THE USE OF ADJOINING APARTMENTS.
I enclose the fire, the boiler, and the oven in a metal case or box, which
becomes heated from the fire and flues within it, and. I fix an iron chimney

page_text: or pipe on its top communicating with the brick flue. I place the whole
apparatus so constructed in an air chamber formed in the chimney breast
of any convenient size; I then admit the cold air into the bottom of the
chamber, and warm it by passing it over the apparatus, and then convey
it into adjoining or upper rooms.
I claim the application of such a cooking apparatus within an air
chamber formed in the chimney breast for the purpose of warming air for
adjoining rooms. See the Drawing No. 1.
Second. AN IMPROVED REGISTER STOVE, HAVING INCREASED RADIATING
POWER, AND FORMING ALSO A STOVE. FOR WARMING COLD AIR FOR THE
USE OF THE ROOM IN WHICH IT IS PLACED, AND FOR THE USE OF ADJOINING
OR UPPER APARTMENTS.
I form the cheeks or sides of my stove in two pieces, screwed together at
the back. I screw a top plate, commonly called. a register, to the cheeks,
making the joint air-tight, the plate to incline upwards towards the back to
facilitate the draught of the chimney. On this plate I fix a hollow metalic
pipe of any convenient length, and large enough to convey the smoke from
'the fire to the brick flue. I then place the stove so formed within a hollow
chamber formed in the chimney-breast of the room in which it is placed,
and I convey the cold air to the bottom of the said chamber, and pass it
over the said stove, and then into adjoining or upper rooms.
I form a front to this stove or to other stoves that combines a stove
front and a chimney piece for the room. See the Drawing No. 2 & No. 3.
I claim the construction of a stove so formed, and the application of the
principle to stoves of any other form, and their application in an air
chamber formed in the chimney breast for the purpose of warming air for
the room in which it is placed or for adjoining rooms; and I claim the
combination of the front of the stove and chimney piece into one.
.
Third. A NEW COTTAGE FIREPLACE OR GRATE AND PORTABLE OVENS.
The grate is formed by a cylindrical or square box, the outer case of
which forms the boiler; and is to stand on the hearth without brickwork,
so as to give out warmth all round it. See the Drawing No. 4.
I form an oven out of an ordinary iron pot, to place over the fire by
fixing to such pot a rim pierced with holes round the top, and bending
. downwards all round the pot (according to the adjoining section), to keep
the heat of the fire against the sides of the pot when placed over the fire.
See the Drawing No. 5.

page_text: I form another oven of iron, or tin, or of earthenware, to place before the.
fire, like a common American or Dutch oven, and I enclose the front next the
fire with a sheet of thin iron, either straight or in a concave form, and place
it before the fire, as a Dutch oven is usually placed, and I cover the parts of
the oven not exposed to the fire with felt or other non-conducting substances.
The heat passes through the said sheet-iron front into the oven, producing
a baking power. See the Drawing No. 6.
I claim the application of the grate so described upon an, open hearth,
and the construction and application of such ovens for the top and before
the fire, as above described.
Fourth. IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE FORMATION OF CIRCULAR FLUES.
I form a brick of the shape annexed a, a, and apply two of them, in
conjunction with common bricks, to form a round flue. See the Drawing
No. 7..
I claim the application of such bricks with common bricks to form the
round flue.
Fifth. AN IMPROVEMENT IN CHIMNEY POTS, AND WINDGUARDS FOR SMOKY
CHIMNIES.
'This consists of an iron base at the bottom of the chimney pot to slip
into the brick flue, and to dispense with the trouble and expense usually
incurred in fixing chimney pots, as shewn on the Section or Drawing
No. 8; and of a new chimney pot made at the top to the following section,
the object being that every current of wind shall drive through the cap.
See the Drawing No. 9.
I claim the construction and application of the said base and chimney pot.