CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS I PRESSES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO RAISING HEAVY BODIDE
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Taylor Lingard, of Manchester, in the County.
of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS I
PRESSES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO RAISING HEAVY
BODIDE"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Taylor Lingard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th May 1855.
I, THOMAS TAYLOR LINGARD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN PRESSES. WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO RAISING
HEAVY BODIES," to be as follows:-
The first arrangement of my Invention is a table with incline planes under-
neath, so placed that two or more wedges or rollers moved horizontally below
the incline planes shall tend to force up the table vertically. The movement
of the wedges or rollers is effected by connecting them with nuts working into
a right and left hand screw, which being turned causes the wedges or rollers
to advance towards or recede from each other and along the incline planes
underneath the table, thus causing the table to rise. effect the pressure, or lift
the weight, as required.
The second arrangement is identical in principle, but is a modification of
Price 8dd

page_text: the above. Instead of using a right and left hand screw, the screw may be
either one or the other, and must be connected with one set of the wedges or
rollers, so as to be free to revolve, but having its lateral motion so fixed as to
move the set of wedges or rollers along with it. The other set of wedges
or rollers are connected by means of a nut with the screw, as in the former
case, and by turning the screw the wedges or rollers are advanced towards
or moved from each other and along the incline upon the table, as in the
former case.
The third arrangement consists in connecting the wedges or rollers by means
of connecting rods with eccentrics, cranks, or levers so placed upon a shaft,
that by turning it by means of a worm and wheel. or other contrivance, the
wedges or rollers are advanced towards or moved from each other. as before.
For lifting weights, &c.. the article to be raised is placed upon the table, and
the wedges or rollers moved by the means described. causing the table to
ascend. In presses, a top is placed over the table, and the article is compressed
between the ascending table and the top. Although this description has been
confined to vertical pressure, the same improvements are also applicable to
lateral pressure, and to presses for all purposes. and also to the lifting tables
or rollers of printing machines, and others in which, pressure is required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Taylor Lingard in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th November 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
TAYLOR LINGARD, of Manchester. in the County of Lancaster. Engineer. send
greeting.
WIRE13 Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Taylor Lingard. Her especial licence that T, the said Thomas
Taylor Lingard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Thomas Taylor Lingard, my executors. administrators, and assigns.
should at any time agree with. and no others. from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully

page_text: might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE
TO RAISING HEAVY BODIES." upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Thomas Taylor Lingard, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Taylor Lingard, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
My Invention for "Certain Improvements in Presses, which Improvements
are also applicable to Raising Heavy Bodies." consists of arrangements in which
two or more inclined planes are placed underneath a table in such a manner,
that by moving two or more wedges or rollers in the direction of the length
of the incline planes the table will be forced upwards. In order, however,
that my Invention may be more readily and fully understood. I will proceed
to describe it by the aid of the accompanying Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a press. such as is used for copying letters, &c.:
Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same; Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the
wedges, showing one of the means adopted for working them, namely, a right
and left hand screw: Fig. 4 shows another method of working with either
a right or left hand screw only; Fig. 5 shows another method of working by
means of eccentrics. In this Figure, instead of wedges being used. rollers are
substituted. In proceeding to describe my Invention. I will commence with
the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the same letters referring to the
same parts in both cases.
A is the main frame of the press; B. the table. having two or more inclines
b. b, placed underneath it; C. C, are two wedges. which run under the inclines
upon bars a, a, of the frame A. and which when drawn together cause the
table B to ascend. These wedges are moved by means of the right and
left hand screw D, which is turned by the handle E. or other convenient
apparatus, so that when worked in either direction it causes the wedges C, C,
to advance towards or recede from each other horizontally, and at the same
time to move along the incline plane, thus forcing up the table, and effecting
the pressure between the top of the frame and the moving table. Fig. 3
shows the wedges and the right and left hand screw; C, C, being the wedges;

page_text: and D, part of a screw, having the end a cut into a right and the end b into a
left hand screw.
Fig. 4 is another method of attaining the same end by means of a single
screw, as shown; A and B are the two wedges; C is a screw, having a collar D
upon it. The screw C is free to revolve in the wedge A, but is prevented from
moving longitudinally by the collar D and the cap E. so that when the screw
is drawn along. the wedge A must move with it. The other wedge B is formed
into a nut, in which the screw C works. In this arrangement. the screw C is
turned round as before, and working in the nut B draws the wedges together
or pushes them apart by the collar D. causing the table to ascend or fall,
according to the direction in which the wedges are moved. This method has
double the power of the one first described, but as the screw has a movement
in the direction of its length it is not in all cases so convenient. Rollers may
in every instance be used instead of wedges, and therefore to show the appli-
cation they have been substituted in Fig. 5, which also at the same time shows
another method of causing them to advance and recede by means of eccentrics.
In Fig. 5. A is a shaft, upon which are two eccentrics B and C. These
eccentrics are clipped by connecting rods D. E. which have their other ends
attached to the pieces F. G, so that when the shaft A is turned round, the
eccentrics B and C and the connecting rods D and E cause the pieces F and
G to advance towards or recede from each other. The pieces F and G have
pins H and I. upon which are the rollers K. L. These rollers may be made
double, that is, one to run upon the horizontal surface shown by the dotted
lincs M, and the other upon the inclined surface shown by the dotted lines N.
Although this Drawing only shows the rollers or wedges actuated by eccen-
tries, my Invention also includes working them by means of cranks or levers
in the same manner.
Having now described the manner in which the pressure is effected between
the top of the press and the table. I would have it understood that its appli-
cation is not limited to vertical pressure, as it may be applied to horizontal
pressure, or pressure in any direction, by drawing the table back by springs or
other means, when the weight of the table itself cannot be used for that
purpose and also that the inclines of the table may be put in the opposite
direction if required. that is, so as to force up the table when the wedges or
rollers are pushed assunder. For raising heavy bodies, the same means of
moving the table are adopted. but the top of the press, as shown in the
Drawing, not necessary.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not mean

page_text: or intend to confine myself to the precise form and arrangement of all the parts
herein described and represented; neither do I claim as of my Invention any
of the foregoing mechanism otherwise than for the purpose described; but
what I do claim as of my Invention is,―
First, the general construction and combination of the inclined planes and
wedges actuated by a right and left hand screw, as shown in Fig. 3 of the
Drawing, for the purpose of effecting pressure or raising heavy bodies.
Second, the construction and combination of the inclined planes and wedges
actuated by a common screw, as shown in Fig. 4, for the same purpose.
Third, the construction and combination of the inclined planes and wedges,
actuated by eccentrics, cranks, or levers, as shown in Fig. 5 of the Drawing,
for the same purpose.
In witness whereof, L, the said Thomas Taylor Lingard, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
THOMAS TAYLOR LINGARD. (L.S.)