Year: 1886

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67 Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me
from abroad by William Raymond Baird, Patent Solicitor of 243 Broadway, New
York, United States and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to vises and consists of an arrangement of parts, whereby
a quick engaging tool is obtained, which is cheap, simple and efficient. Each jaw
indirectly supports a rack. When the racks are engaged, the jaws are securely
held in place and hold firmly any object placed between them.
The engage-
ment of the racks is controlled by a guard-bar which is pivoted upon the shank of
the movable jaw, and is actuated through an eccentric cam or link connection, by
the same operating lever, by means of which the movable jaw is slid in and out
of position. The operating lever moves in a vertical plane corresponding to the
traverse of the jaw. When it is raised, one of the jaws may be moved, when it is
lowered, they are rigidly held in position by the engagement of the racks. The
connections are direct, wear is taken up by a coiled spring, the pieces are few and
may be struck out by a die, and by an adjustment of the cams or the eccentricity
of the operating lever, any desired degree of delicacy may be obtained.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section showing the ratchet disengaged. Fig. 2
is a bottom plan view with the base removed. Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to
Fig. 1 with the ratchet engaged. Fig. 4 is a vertical section and partial elevation.
Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1 showing the substitution, in place of the
double cam, of a link pivoted eccentrically to the axis of the operating lever, and
Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail showing the action of the double cam.
Referring to the drawings, A designates the base and A¹ the stationary jaw of a
vise. The shank B of the movable jaw B¹ is slotted longitudinally at b and has
a cross support f for the shank d of the rack bar D. A spring C and nut d' serve
to keep the rack bar and cam lever in constant contact with their bearings. The
rack bar D is provided at its forward end with a cross head D¹ constructed to form
a segmental bearing d³ upon either side of the bar (this bearing is against the cam
[Prue sà

page_text: lever as will be more fully hereinafter described) and it is provided with pins e
cast upon and made integral with it, which working in double planed slots e¹ in
the guard bars E serve to cover and disclose the teeth d³ upon the rack bar,
according as said pins occupy the upper or lower planes in said slots e¹. The rack
bar has teeth d³, which extend entirely across its lower face, and these teeth are
adapted to engage the teeth of a pawl at located in a recess a, formed in the
base A and held upward by the constant force of a spring a². The toothed face of
the pawl a¹ is considerably wider than that of the rack bar, and the guard bars E,
when the pins e are in the upper planes of the slots e¹, press upon it at a³ (see
Fig. 4) and serve to force it down and out of engagement with the teeth d³.
When the pins e occupy the lower planes of said slots, the guard bars disclose the
teeth d³ and the spring a forces the pawl a¹ to rise and engage with the rack bar.
G designates the operating lever having a forked head G', each arm of which
carries a double cam g g¹ projecting inward. The cams g and g¹ are arranged
opposite each other (Fig. 6), one cam g of each pair bearing against the concave d
of the cross head D₁ of the rack bar D. Pins h extending inwardly from the
inner faces of the forked head G₁ and preferably made integral therewith, serve
to engage the vertical slots e³ of the guard bar E. These pins are eccentric
to the axis of motion of the lever G so that the position of the lever determines the
position of the guard bars and the engagement of the rack bar with the pawl a¹.
When the cam lever is in the position shewn in Fig. 1, the narrowest diameter
of the cam heads lie between the bearing point on the rack bar cross head and the
face 2 of the movable jaw. The guard bars E by reason of their movement
against the pins h have been forced toward the front of the vise until the pins e of
the rack bar occupy the highest plane of the slots e¹. This action has depressed the
pawl a¹ until its teeth are out of engagement with those of the rack bar D and
the movable jaw may be drawn out as far as necessary to admit of the introduction
of the work. The cam lever being still kept raised, the movable jaw is then forced
inward as far as the work will permit. The lever G is then depressed, its first
action is to move the guard bars. As soon as the pins e ride down the incline
of the slots e¹, the guard bars rise, the spring forces the pawl a¹ upward and its
teeth engage with those of the rack, while the cams working against both the
exterior face of the movable jaw and the concave bearing of the rack bar cross
head have forced the movable jaw B¹ hard against the work. In order to support
the rack bar and guard bars at the front end of the movable jaws, I make a
transverse dovetail recess in its lower face and fit snugly therein a cross piece I
having on its face a bearing projection i¹ which serves to support the rack bar,
space being left on each side to admit of the vertical movement of the guard bars E.
For some purposes I substitute for the double cam lever the device shown in Fig. 5
(The lettering is different from that in the other figures) This consists of a link H¹,
which is pivoted to the guard bar at d¹ and to the operating lever at h, the point h
being eccentric to the axis of the cam lever G. When the lever is depressed, the
link H¹ draws the guard bar away from the pawl in the same manner as when the
double cam lever is used.
It will be noticed that the teeth on the rack bar can be so set as to engage with
the teeth on the pawl when the rack bar is moved a shorter distance, than that
between the teeth of either set. This permits of a very nice adjustment and the
proportions may be varied to suit different classes of work. The cam lever is
readily removable and more magnified cams may be used. I attach importance to
the fact that the operating lever acts directly upon the guard bar and not through
intermediate toggles, to the fact that the double cam permits a comparatively long
throw of the jaw with a relatively small motion of the lever and to the fact that
the operator stands facing the work and need use but one hand to operate the vise.
No bolts or screws are employed, the pins and pivots are made integral with the
pieces of which they form a part, light springs easily replaced take up the wear,
the pieces are simple and cheaply made and the vise has proved singularly efficient
in practice.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that, what
I claim, is:
1.) In a vise, the combination with a stationary jaw and rack, of a movable jaw
and rack, a guard bar for throwing the racks out of engagement and an operating
lever working in a plane corresponding to the traverse of the movable jaw and
provided with a cam, operating directly upon such jaws, as set forth.
2.) In a vise, the combination with the movable and stationary jaws, of an
operating lever having oppositely arranged cams, and connections, whereby both
cams are brought into operation with a single stroke of the said lever.
3.) In a vise, the combination with a rack bar and pawl, of guard bars arranged
one on each side of said rack bar and a cam lever connected directly with said
guard bars whereby the action of the lever will prevent and permit the engagement
of the rack bar with the pawl.
4.) In a vise as described, the combination with the stationary and movable
jaws, of an operating lever, a rack bar, the spring pawl a' extending beyond the
plane of the rack bar on either side, the guard bars connected with the operating
lever and arranged to depress the extended portion of said spring pawl.
5.) The combination with the movable and stationary jaws of a vise of an
operating lever having oppositely arranged cams.
6.) In a vise as described, the combination with the movable rack D and its
operating connections, of a stationary rack as a¹ having teeth arranged differentially
with those of the engaging rack as and for the purposes set forth.
7.) In a vise as described, the combination with the stationary and movable
jaws and racks and the operating lever, of the double cams held in place by a
spring C, which takes up the wear as fast as it occurs.
Dated this 7th day of Santambor 1000