Improvements in Cultivators.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th July, 1891-Accepted, 21st Nov. 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cultivators.
I, JAMES ANDREW EVERITT of 141 West Washington Street Indianapolis in
the County of Marion and State of Indiana United States of America, Seed and
Implement Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
nanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
n and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in cultivators and especially to that class,
which is operated by being pushed in advance of the workman.
The objects of the invention are: First, to provide means for propelling the
cultivator by the weight of the body of the operator and enabling him to develop
sufficient power for ordinary work without more exertion than is required in walking
and leave both hands free to guide the plow or other implement near the plants:
Second, to provide hinged plow beams having vertical and horizontal movements under
full control of the operator's hands whereby the depth of tillage and proximity of
cultivation to the growing vegetables may be carefully regulated: Third, to provide
a convertible machine. It is well known that for cultivation of plants at certain
times, more especially while they are small, a wheeled cultivator to do good close
and satisfactory work must cultivate both sides of the row at one passage, but for
late tendings of such crops as onions, celery, corn ete. which grow too tall to be
cultivated on both sides at once, also for marking out ground to be planted
and for some other kinds of work, nothing will give satisfaction except an implement
that will work between the rows, and it is one of the chief objects of this invention
to combine, in a single machine, an implement that can be quickly and easily
converted from a two wheeled cultivator adapted to work both sides of a row at
one passage to a single wheeled implement adapted to work between the rows.
I accomplish the foregoing objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accom-
panying drawing, in which:
Figure 1-is a view in perspective of a garden cultivator constructed in
accordance with this invention and represents the machine in the form of a two
wheeled implement for cultivating on both sides of the row at once.
Figure 2-a top view of the cultivator as it appears after it has been converted
into a single wheeled implement for cultivating between rows, the push bar is broken
away in part to show the manner of connecting the handles.
Figure 3-is a detail showing the bolt to which the plow beams are hinged and
which forms the axle for the wheels of the two wheeled cultivator. This figure
shows only the hubs of the wheels, the rims and spokes being removed. It also
shows the plow beams and push bar attached and the washers for properly
spacing the several parts, portions of which are sectioned to better illustrate the
construction.
Figure 4-a detail in perspective view of the wedge for spreading the handles and
the iron block for fastening them to the plow beam.
Figure 5-a detail of the rosette plates for adjusting the pitch of the drag bar
and teeth.
A. is a metallic spindle or shaft on the ends of which is loosely mounted the
driving wheels B B
To the shaft A at a point midway between the wheels B. B' a push bar C. is
secured and upon the upper opposite end of the push bar is a curved yoke D.
adapted to fit against the body of the operator and enable him to propel the
machine. The lower end of the push bar C. is bifurcated for purposes hereinafter
fully explained.

page_text: The push bar C is secured to the axle by passing the latter through holes formed
in each fork.
The bars E. and E' are bent over at one end to form an eye or loop to
encircle the shaft and form a hinged connection between the bars and axle that will
have movement only in a vertical direction. The drag bars or plow beams M. are
pivotally secured to the opposite ends of the bars E. E by a hinge joint that will
allow only of the horizontal movement of the beams. The bars E. and E' are
projected back from the axle toward the operator a suitable distance beyond the
rim of the wheels to allow free side movement of the drag bars without contact
between the drag bars and the wheels.
A handle H. will be connected to each of the drag bars in any suitable manner.
In the construction here shown, a sleeve encircling the bar and having an upwardly
projected arm to which the handle is bolted, is used.
The implement to act on the soil, which may be a shovel, rake, scraper or any
desired tool will be secured to the lower end of the drag bar. The height and
position of the tool on the drag bar may be adjusted by means of a set screw as
shown and to adjust the angle between the tool and standard a rosette plate as
shown in Figure 5 may be used although it is not designed to limit this invention
to the use of such a device.
The double hinged construction of the drag bar as above described allows of free
movement in a vertical and a horizontal direction only, which is all sufficient for the
proper manipulation of the drag bars and avoids the disagreeable instability of a
universal joint movement.
The cultivator as thus far described constitutes the two wheeled implement
adapted to cultivate on both sides of the row at one passage.
To convert this machine into a one wheeled cultivator for plowing between the
rows the shaft A. is removed by screwing off the nut at one end and slipping the
shaft out from the opposite side. One of the wheels will not be needed and will
be laid aside and the other wheel will be placed between the two forks on the lower
end of the push bar C. as previously referred to. The shaft or axle will now be
replaced with bars E. E' in the same position as before on each side of the push
bar. The width of the machine will be narrowed up the width of the two wheels
and if desired a short auxiliary spindle or axle may be used in place of the long
one as shown in Figure 2, or washers may be added to fill out the blank spaces on
the axle formerly occupied by the discarded wheel.
The next step is to remove the plow beams from the bars E. E' and bolt the flat
connecting bar N. to the bars so as to connect the two ends as shown in Figure 2.
One of the plow beams will not be needed and may be laid aside and the other one
connected to the bar N. by inserting the hinge bolt through the hole made for that
purpose midway between the ends of the bar.
To complete the transformation, the plow handle on the discarded beam, or if
preferred, an extra handle kept for that purpose, will be bolted to the remaining
beam as shown in Figure 2 and given proper angle by means of two wedge shaped
picces S. as shown in Figure 4.
By reversing the operation above described, the single wheeled plow may be
reconverted into the two wheeled cultivator.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1In a cultivator propelled by a push bar, a two wheeled machine having two
independent plow beains, with proper implements attached thereto, for cultivating
both sides of a row at one passage, said plow beams being connected directly with
the axle of the cultivator and having compound joints in each whereby both vertical
and horizontal movement of said beams may be secured and said, cultivator being
so constructed throughout its several parts that by the omission and rearrangement of

page_text: some of said parts the cultivator may be converted into a machine to work the soil
between the rows.
2-In a cultivator propelled by a push bar, a two wheeled machine having two
independent pivotally connected plow beams for cultivating both sides of a row
at one passage and adapted to be converted into a one wheeled machine for
cultivating between the rows by the omission of one wheel and one beam and the
rearrangement of the remaining parts substantially as described.
3-In a cultivator having two driving wheels and two independent pivotally
connected plow beams, and adapted to be converted into a single wheeled machine
with but one plow beam, the combination therewith of a bifurcated push bar
adapted to straddle the wheel in the one wheeled modification, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
4-In a cultivator the driving and supporting wheels B. axle A. propelling
bar C. and beams carrying the implement to operate on the soil, said beams having
free vertical adjustment and also adjustment in a horizontal direction and having
the horizontal adjustment at a point sufficiently remote from the periphery of the
wheels to prevent contact with the wheels.
5-The propelling bar C., bearing plate D. shaft A. to which the propelling bar
is connected, and the driving and supporting wheels B. mounted on said shaft, in
combination with the beam carrying the implement to act on the soil and
pivotally connected with the supporting and driving mechanism so as to allow
only vertical and horizontal adjustment of the beam for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 17th day of July 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.