IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINOUS SUBSTANCES AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREIN
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; I, GEORGE
PHILBRICK SWINBORNE, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-fourth day of
November, (One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven), in the eleventh
year of Her reign did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said George Philbrick Swinborne, my exors, .admors, and
assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said George Philbrick Swinborne, my exors, admors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Philbrick Swinborne, my exors, admors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no other's, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully.
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, "Sark,'
and Man, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my.
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINOUS SUBSTANCES
AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREIN;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso, that I, the said George Philbrick Swinborne, shall cause
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in "what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Philbrick Swinborne, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say :-
Hertofore in manufacturing gelatine it has been usual, with one exception,
to act on what may be called large pieces of hides or skins, and to employ
acids or alkalies together with mechanical and other processes, which not
only take up a considerable time but are also costly; and in the excépted case
above referred to, it has been the practise to reduce the portions of hides used
into the state of pulp in a paper machine and then to employ blood to purify
the product obtained. Now my improvements consist of a much more simple
mode of manufacturing gelatine than any heretofore practised, and in order that
my Invention may be more fully understood and readily carried into effect I
will now proceed to describe the means pursued by me :-
I takes hides or skins or parts of hides or skins, such as are usually called
"glue pieces," free from hair, as fresh and as sweet as possible, and my process
commences by reducing the whole into shavings or thin slices or films by any
suitable instrument. The instrument I have used has been an ordinary carpen-
ter's plane, the shaving being cut from the edges of the hide or skin or piece of
hide or skin, but it will be obvious that other apparatus may be employed for
that purpose, or that the pieces may be reduced into a thin film by rollers.
This reduction into shavings or thin films enables me by successive operations of
soaking in pure water, together with other processes hereafter explained, to
obtain the gelatine in a highly pure and concentrated state without the use of
acids,
or alkalies, or blood. The shavings or films are to be soaked for about
five or six hours in cold water, at the end of that time the water is to be
changed, and such changing of the water is to be repeated two or three times
each day until no smell or taste is to be detected either in the water or in
the shavings; the shavings are then to be removed from the water by the hands
or otherwise. If it be intended for soup, this product should be dried on nets or
other convenient means, and the same will be ready for the market. If gelatine
is to be extracted, the shavings, after the soaking just described, are to be sub-
jected to heat with a quantity of water sufficient to cover them when pressed

page_text: down in any suitable vessel, taking care that the heat applied should not exceed
that of boiling water. The gelatine when thus dissolved is to be strained
through linen or other fabric subjected to slight pressure by the hands or
otherwise, or the solution may be suffered to run off from the vessel without
straining, by which much of the gelatine will be separated from the fibrous mat-
ters, and this is the best product of gelatine, and will be found of great purity
and strength, and very nearly if not entirely free from color. The product of
gelatine thus obtained is to be run in thin films on to a smooth surface of slate
or other proper material to set, and then to be removed on to nets to dry, as
heretofore practised; and the dry gelatine is then to be cut up by an isinglass
cutter or other suitable apparatus; the gelatine will then be fit for the market,
and to be used for like purposes to those for which gelatine is now usually
employed, and for many purposes for which isinglass has heretofore been used.
The residue, dried or not, may be employed for thickening soup and other
culinary purposes.
Another manufacture of gelatinous substances according to my Invention is
produced from cod sounds or other fishy matters capable of yielding gelatine.
For this purpose I take such matters and reduce the same into shavings or
thin films and then treat the same by soaking in water and by heat, and extract
the gelatine and strain or run off the gelatine in the same manner as above
described; and I obtain a first, second, and third product of gelatine which
I form into sheets, which when dry are cut up with an isinglass cutter. This
manufacture of gelatine will be found highly useful as a cheap substitute for
isinglass for clarifying liquids.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be perforined, I would have it understood. that I do not confine
myself to the exact details so long as the peculiar character of my Invention
be retained; but what I claim is, the manufacturing gelatinous substances by
reducing the matters herein referred to into shavings or thin slices or films and
treating them as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Philbrick Swinborne have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of May, One
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight
G. P. (L.s.) SWINBORNE.

page_text: hereby grant leave to the said George
brick Swinborne
Disclaimer, pursuant to the Statute passed in the fifth and sixth years of the
reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, entituled an "Act to
amend the Law touching Letters Patent for Inventions."
Lincoln's Inn, May 24th, 1848.
Entered with and filed by the Clerk. of
the Patents of England, this 24th day
of May, 1848.
JOHN ROMILLY.
Seal
of the
Patent
Office.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fourth day of May, in
the year of our Lord 1848, the aforesaid George Philbrick Swinborne came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-fourth day of. May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight..

page_text: 'SWINBORNE, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINOUS SUBSTANCES, AND
IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREIN," bearing date at Westminster,
the Twenty-fourth day of November One thousand eight hundred
and forty-seven.
DISCLAIMER entered with the Clerk of the Patents of England.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
PHILBRICK SWINBORNE, late of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, and now
of Coggeshall in the County of Essex, Gentleman, and RICHARD ARCHER
WALLINGTON, of Leamington, in the County of Warwick, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date and sealed at Westminster the
Twenty-fourth day of November One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven,
were granted to me the said George Philbrick Swinborne, for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GELATINOUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED
THEREIN : " And whereas by indenture bearing date the Twelfth day of February
One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, the said Letters Patent were
assigned by me, the said George Philbrick Swinborne, to me, the said Richard
Archer Wallington, subject nevertheless to certain payments and royalties
therein reserved and made payable to me, the said George Philbrick Swinborne,
by me, the said Richard Archer Wallington: And whereas after the making
of the said indenture, I, the said George Philbrick Swinborne, by Disclaimer,
bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of May One thousand eight hundred and
forty-eight, and duly certified by the fiat and signature of Sir John Romilly,
Knight, Her Majesty's Solicitor General, and entered with the Clerk of the
Patents, and enrolled with the Specification, did declare that since I had
obtained the said Letters Patent I had discovered the Invention which was
intended to have been described under that part of the title which was
contained in the words of the title "and in the apparatus to be used therein,"

page_text: not to be of such practical utility as to make it desirable to retain it in the said
Patent, for which reason I was desirous to, and did thereby, disclaim all that
part of the title which is contained in the words "and in the apparatus to be
used therein: " And whereas since the filing and enrolment of the said Dis-
claimer as aforesaid, doubts have arisen as to whether the said George Phil-
brick Swinborne had sufficient authority after the making of the said indenture
to make such Disclaimer: And whereas I, the said George Philbrick Swin-
borne, am desirous for the reasons above stated in the said Disclaimer, that
such part of the said title should be disclaimed, and also that all doubts as to
the validy of such Disclaimer should be removed: And whereas I, the said
Richard Archer Wallington, for the reason stated in the said Disclaimer, am
desirous that the said part of the title should be disclaimed, and also that all
doubts as to the validity of the Disclaimer of such part of the title of the said
Invention should be removed: And whereas the said George Philbrick
Swinborne, and Richard Archer Wallington, and each of us, are desirous for
the reasons aforesaid to enter a Disclaimer, and have obtained leave of Sir
William Page Wood, Knight, Her Majesty's Solicitor General, certified by his
fiat and signature, to make such Disclaimer:
NOW KNOW YE that for the reason aforesaid, I, the said George Philbrick
Swinborne, and I, the said Richard Archer Wallington, and we, the said
George Philbrick Swinborne, and Richard Archer Wallington, by and with
the leave of the said Sir William Page Wood, do hereby disclaim the words
"and in the apparatus to be used therein" in the title of the said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Philbrick Swinborne, and I, the
said Richard Archer Wallington, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifton

page_text: Wallington to file their said Disclaimer pursuant to the Statute passed in the
fifth & sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty King William the
Fourth, entituled, "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for
T
"