CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SLUBBING, AND ROVING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1844

page_text: PRESENT
SHALL COME,1, JOHN
GROOM, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Seventh day of November, in the eighth year of Her reign, and
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Groom, Her especial licence, full power, sole sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said John Groom, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and
such others as I, the said John Groom, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SLUBBING, AND ROVING COTTON, WOOL, AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a pro-
viso that I, the said John Groom, shall cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully,
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Groom, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof (that is to say) :-
These improvements apply to the ordinary machinery used for the above
purposes, and particularly to that part of the same called the "flyer." It is
well known that the flyer employed for winding the sliver or cotton, &c. on to
the bobbin in slubbing and roving machines have been varied in their con-
struction, and that those in most general use are denominated the " presser
flyer," so called in consequence of one arm of the flyer being provided with
a small presser lever or guide, for the purpose of laying the sliver in a firm
and compact state upon the bobbin. In machinery of this description it is
a most desirable object to cause the spindle to revolve with a regular steadi-
ness throughout the entire formation of the bobbin of rovings, but with the
common presser flyer this is not attainable, for, as the roving accumulates on
the bobbin as its diameter increases, the equilibrium of the spindle and flyer
becomes destroyed, and the greater the expansion of the "presser lever" the
more unsteady the spindle becomes, this great defect arising simply from the
presser lever being in connection with one arm of the flyer only. Now, these
improvements consist in connecting the action of the presser lever with both
arms of the flyer, in such a manner as to effect the following advantages:-
First, the required steadiness of the spindle and flyer throughout the entire
formation of the bobbin of roving or slubbing.
Second, an equality of pressure during the complete formation of the same,
and not being slightly wound at the commencement and tightly compressed
at the completion of the bobbin, as in former "
presser frames."
"
And third, a facility of ".
"doffing or removing the bobbin when full, or
for "piecing up," which has not hitherto been obtained.
These improvements will be readily understood by reference to the accom-
panying Drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a side, and Fig. 2 a front, elevation of
this improved spindle and flyer drawn complete, and of the real size, as
employed in roving frames for cotton; and Fig. 3 is a plan or horizontal view
of the flyer, &c., as seen from above. a is the spindle; b, b, the flyer, one
arm formed solid, and the other tubular, for the passage of the rovings; and
c is the common "presser lever or guide, for winding the roving on to the
bobbin d compactly. It will be seen that this Invention consists simply of
giving the pressure to the " pressure lever" or guide c, by means of the
semicircular or bow spring e, ex, instead of the straight spring commonly
attached to one arm of the flyer, and also that this pressure is given in a
much more effective manner by the bow spring, in consequence of one end e*

page_text: of it being made fast to the one arm of the flyer, whilst the other end e is
acting or exerting its elastic force or pressure on the tail or end f of the
presser lever" which swivels or turns upon the circular lower part of the
arm of the flyer, the "presser lever" being provided with a short tube or
bearing g for this purpose. When it is required to "doff" or remove a full
bobbin, or to "piece up" or repair it in any way, the "presser lever" c has
only to be turned back out of the way, as shewn by dots in Fig. 3, where
it will be held also by the action of the bow spring c.
A second part of my improvements consists in combining the spring (of
whatever form) with the "presser lever," that is, forming them of one piece
only, as represented in Fig. 4, similar letters being placed upon corresponding
parts with Fig. 3.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood, that I
claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the application, employment, and use of a semicircular or bow
spring to the ordinary "presser flyer" used in machinery or apparatus for pre-
paring, slubbing, and roving cotton, wool, and other fibrous materials, one
end of the said spring being attached to the one arm of the flyer, and the
other end to the tail or shorter end of the "presser lever," as shewn in full
size in the Drawing attached.
And, secondly, the "presser lever," and its actuating spring, being made or
formed of one piece only.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Groom, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thou-
Inrolled the Seventh day of May, in the year above written.