Improvements in Carburetters.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1899-Accepted, 22nd July, 1899
Improvements in Carburetters.
We, Count GEORGES DE ROUSSY DE SALES, and LOUIS BRALY, Gentleman, both
of 41, Rue Taitbout, Paris, France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement;
-
This invention relates to a carburetter for producing the explosive mixture
used in liquid hydrocarbon motors such as petroleum or gasoline motors.
It differs from similar apparatus:-
1. By the method of carburetting the air, which is based upon the following
principle:-
-
If air be made to traverse fabrics impregnated with hydrocarbons in such a man-
ner as to create a sufficient resistance to the passage of the former, air saturated
to a regular standard is produced which behaves as a gas (that is to say there will
be no subsequent condensation) and may be treated as such especially when mixed
with fresh air for the purpose of obtaining the explosions which cause the motors
to run. This process in particular prevents the constant irregularity, due to varia-
tions in the outside temperature, to which similar apparatus are subject to.
2. By the arrangement which allows of there being admitted simultaneously
and in the ratio required to produce the explosive mixture, the quantity of hydro-
carbon necessary for carburisation and the quantity of fresh air necessary for the
explosion in order to avoid residue and loss of hydrocarbon.
And in order that our invention may be fully understood we will now describ
the apparatus with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First. The saturator. The apparatus consists of a box 1 of any shape or size
divided into two compartments 2 and 3 by means of a partition 4.
The compartment 2 has inlets for the hydrocarbon which flows from any closed
reservoir in a state of rest past an obturator 6 (needle valve or the like) which
may be opened by a set of suitable levers 7 against a spring 8.
This lever is actuated by the rod 9 of a piston 10 which moves by atmospheric
pressure in consequence of the vacuum formed in the box 1 by the suction of the
motor.
The compartment 3 contains the piston 10 before mentioned which slides with
small friction in a cylinder 11 having openings 12 closed by the piston when at
rest and uncovered when it is raised by the atmospheric pressure. The air sucked
in penetrates into a cylinder 13 pierced with holes 14. The upper portion of this
cylinder is provided with alternate layers of metal gauze and spongy fabric (felt,
linen, asbestos, spun glass, and the like) 15, 16. The metal gauze or perforated
sheets have for their object to prevent subsidence which would cause the resistance
to alter by usc. The whole forms a cushion to which the density required for
obtaining the desired degree of carburation is given.
The chamber 2 communicates by an opening 20 with a pipe 21 to which fresh
air is admitted through a valve, the openings 23 of which determine the amount
of obstruction or regulation by the movement of a button or of a lever 24.

page_text: The fresh and the saturated air are mixed together by any of the various
methods in use.
The apparatus works as follows:
The suction of the motor causes a partial vacuum in the box 1, atmospheric
pressure raises the piston 10, air passes in by the holes 12 into the compartment 3,
penetrates by the openings 14 into the box 13, traverses the fabric 16 impregnated
with hydrocarbon, becomes saturated and passes into the pipe 21 where it becomes
mixed with the required quantity of fresh air the latter being admitted through
the holes 23 in the valve.
The piston 10 on rising actuates the lever 7 through the rod 9, which allows
a dose of hydrocarbon to escape past the needle 6 and flow into the fabric 16 which
is thus at each aspiration impregnated with the quantity of hydro-carbon neces-
sary to carburet the air.
The advantages of this apparatus are as follows:-
1. It carburets the air to saturation in such a manner as to prepare a homo-
geneous mixture which may be treated as a gas.
2. The explosive mixture is formed outside the cylinder in a very restricted
space only,
3. The admission of the hydrocarbon is regulated by the requirements of the
motor itself by doses determined in such a manner as to completely utilize it to
the last drop thus preventing waste.
4. Regulation is reduced, to the introduction of fresh air that is to say, to the
movement of the lever 24.
5. The delivery of the hydrocarbon is proportional to the quantity of air to be
carburetted, by the simultaneous action of the piston and the needle.
6. The standard of the hydrocarbon remains constant for it is not vaporized
in proportion to its entrance into the apparatus.
This great advantage, avoiding repeated regulation other than those resulting
from variation of temperature, is obtained for the first time.
7. It is to be remarked that the mixture thus obtained, perfectly homogeneous
and dosed, has for effect to considerably increase the power regularity and output
of the motors.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The arrangement which consists in causing air to traverse a cushion, oppos-
ing a calculated resistance and formed of alternate layers of asbestos or any spongy
fabric and of metal gauze impregnated with hydrocarbon in such a manner as to
obtain complete and methodic saturation.
2. The above described arrangement by which an explosive mixture is produced
in two distinct operations; the first consisting in saturating the air by means of
a piston raised by the suction of the motor, the movement of which is utilized
to distribute in the required proportions the air to be carburetted and the hydro-
carbon the second consisting in introducing the secondary air into this standard
gas in such a manner as to diminish the regulation required for this second supply.
3. The grouping and combination of the two arrangements forming the subject
of Claims 1 and 2 for the purpose of obtaining a carburetter working automati-
cally by the action of the motor on which it is dependent.
Dated this 20th day of June 1899