CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING OR PRODUCING FIGURED OR ORNAMENTED FABRICS IN WARP AND BOBBIN-NET LACE MACHINES
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
Boor, of Quordon, in the County of Leicester, Lace Glove Manufacturer,
and JOHN KING, of Henor, in the County of Derby, Lace Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourth day of September, in the fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Boot and John King, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that we, the said John Boot and John King, our exors, admors, and
assigns, and such others as we, the said John Boot and John King, our
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING OR
PRODUCING FIGURED OR ORNAMENTED FABRICS IN WARP AND BOBBIN-NET LACE
MACHINES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging us,
the said John Boot and John King, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited, Letters Patent, as in and

page_text: by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John King, on behalf of myself and of the said John Boot, do hereby declare
that the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to
be performed, is particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
description thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
Our Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Manufacturing or
Producing Figured or Ornamented Fabrics in Warp and Bobbin-net Lace
Machines consist in the construction and adaptation of certain novel parts to
be appended to machinery for manufacturing ornamental fabrics of the warp
and bobbin net kinds in connection with the well-known agent commonly
called the Jacquard, or any modification of the principles of that agent. As
our improvements do not comprehend any features of novelty in the internal
constructions or arrangements of the operative parts of the warp or bobbin-
net machines usually employed for the manufacture of ornamental lace, we
shall not describe those machines further than may be necessary to point out
and explain the manner in which the improved apparatus applies thereto, our
Invention being designed solely for the purpose of adjusting and governing
the movements of the guide bars (or such other bars as may be required to
be-slidden or traversed longitudinally in the machine) under the direction of
the Jacquard or other equivalent agent.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 represents a horizontal view, as
seen from above, of our improved apparatus in connection with the warp
machine, the latter being only partially shewn, and may be of any breadth
required, which is not determined in the Drawing. Figure 2 is an elevation
of the same taken in front. Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the improved
apparatus (taken in the situation of the dotted line A, B, in Figure 1) in
connection with the warp machine, a partial end view of which is seen beyond.
Figure 4 is also a sectional elevation of the improved apparatus taken in the
opposite direction of the preceding Figure, in the position of the dotted line
C, D, in Figure 1, similar letters of reference pointing out the same parts of
the mechanism in all these. Figures. A, A, A, 'is the framework of the warp
machine; B, B, the rotary crank shaft by which motion is given to the
working parts through bevel gear, and a lateral shaft C connected to the cam
shaft D. The cams upon this shaft D work the levers, sliders, &c. by which
the several evolutions of the mechanism are produced, as in the ordinary
operations of a rotary warp machine. E, E, is the needle bar fixed to the

page_text: framework. F, F, are a series of guides bars, which are capable of being
slidden to and fro' in longitudinal directions. They are supported and guided
in racks cut in the upper edges of bracket arms G, G, affixed to the front bar
H, H, technically called the machine bar. The new apparatus is mounted
upon a longitudinal bar a, a, a, affixed at one end of the warp machine to the
front bar H. Slight bars, rods (or as they might be technically called), bolts
b, b, b (to be acted upon by stops hereafter described), are severally attached
to the bars F, F, as shewn in different positions in the several detached
Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, and slide upon a plate z, z, affixed to the bar a, a,
and through guides y, y, shewn in the end view, Figure 9. The ends of these
bars b, b, b, are connected to springs c, c, c, as shewn in Figure 1, which draw
them and the bars F, F, toward the right hand; and the levers I and J at the
opposite end of the machine, when acted upon by rotary cams K, K, in the shaft
D, draw those bars toward the left hand, which sliding movements are called
shogging the bars. Two bracket arms d, d, screwed to the bar a, a, supports
the rail e, e, on which the staples of the fulcrum pin f, f, are fixed. To
the extremities of this fulcrum pin the lever arms g, 9, are appended, which,
at their other ends, carry the axle of the Jacquard box or tumbler L, L,
Upon the same fulcrum pin a series of jacks, h, h, h, are also mounted, each
having inserted into its under side, near its end, a series of pins i, i, i, of different
lengths. These pins i, i, i, are intended to be acted upon by the cards of the
Jacquard when the box L rises, in order that they may lift the jacks h, h,
severally to their required altitudes. One of the jacks his shewn detached
in two positions at Figures 10 and 11, to each of which a forked pendant
arm or sinker k is attached by a joint. The fork at the bottom of each
of these sinkers bestrides one of the bars b, and is intended to act as a stop
to arrest the sliding or shogging movement of the combined bar b, F, when
one of the steps of the elevated part of the bar b, as shewn at 1, comes against
the top of the fork or strut of the sinker k. The several steps on the piece l,
are made to correspond in breadth to the shogging of the bar, one, two, or
more gates, so that the altitude of the forked sinker k will determine which of
the steps of the piece 7 shall be acted upon by the strut of the fork k, and
consequently how many gates the bar b, F, shall be permitted to shog or slide.
The altitude of the jack h and sinker k depends upon which of the pins i, i, i,
of the jack is acted upon by the upper card of the Jacquard series, the several
cards of the series being pierced with holes corresponding to the pins i, i, i,
of all the jacks. If the particular part of a card which corresponds to any
individual jack has no holes pierced in it, then the end of the outer or longest
pin i will be struck by the surface of the card on the rising of the box L, which

page_text: will raise the jack h to its greatest altitude, and thereby lift the sinker k, so that
as the bar b slides through its fork, the highest step of the piece I will come in
contact with and be stopped by the strut of the fork, thereby allowing the
bars b, F, to be slidden or shogged to the greatest distance; but if the card be
pierced in that part with one, two, or more holes, say three holes, then the
three outer pins i, i, i, will, on the rising of the box L, protrude through those
holes, and the end of the fourth pin i will be arrested by the plain part of the
card, thereby causing the sinker k to descend to such a position as shall bring
the strut of the fork opposite to the fourth step of the piece 7, which, when the
bar b, F, is slidden, will prevent its shogging to a greater distance than one.
gate. Thus the pins i, i, i, being variously acted upon by the successive cards
of the Jacquard series, will accordingly raise the jacks to different altitudes,
and thereby bring the sinkers to such situations as shall cause them to stop
the bars at any required step of the pieces 1, and hence to determine the
shogging of the bars to such distances as the desired pattern or device to be
made in the work may require.
We now proceed to describe the means by which it has been found
convenient to actuate this improved apparatus, but without intending to
confine ourselves to such particular arrangement, knowing that other modes
of working the operative parts above described may be employed, and
perhaps with equal effect. Let it be supposed that by the rotary action of
the cam K on the shaft D, the levers I and J have brought the bars F, b,
toward the left hand in Figure 1, then a cam M on the shaft D acting upon
a lever m (see Figures 3 and 4), depresses one end of that lever, and con-
sequently raises the other end of the same, by which the upright rod n,
attached to one arm of the lever frame g, is made to lift that frame into the
situation shewn by dots in Figure 3, and these arms 9, 9, carrying the axle of
the Jacquard box l, as before described, bring up the box with the card upon
its upper face, and cause it to strike against the pins i, i, i, of the jacks.
According to the perforations in the cards, as before said, so will the several
jacks be raised to different altitudes, and with them the several sinkers, bringing
up the struts of the forks k opposite to such of the steps of the piece / on the
bars b, as may be required to determine the situations at which the bars shall
be severally stopped, as already explained. The cam K now allows the
levers I and J to release the bars F, b, which are severally drawn up by the
power of the springs c, bringing the steps of the pieces into contact with the
struts of the forked sinkers k, where they are stopped and the bars held in
the required positions. The further rotation of the cam M at this time per-
mits the Jacquard box L to fall again into its former position, leaving. the

page_text: jacks and sinkers in the situations described, and in falling, the box L is
turned one quarter over upon its axle, by means of two pendant hook levers p
and q catching against studs set in the ends of the box, which brings another
card of the Jacquard series uppermost, ready for operating upon the jacks
again, as before, after a course of work has been performed by the ordinary
evolutions of the warp machine.
In adapting these improvements to bobbin-net machinery, some other
arrangements of the parts will be required, which are represented in the
following Figures, this apparatus being suited to an ordinary construction of
bobbin-net machine, on the principle commonly called the Lever's machine,
but shewn detached :-Figure 12 is a horizontal view of the apparatus, as it
would appear if seen from above; Figure 13 is an end elevation of the
same, taken in front of the Jacquard; Figure 14 is a longitudinal elevation
of the same, taken on that side which corresponds with the back of the Lever's
machine; and Figure 15 is a section taken longitudinally through about the
middle of the apparatus behind the last-mentioned Figure, and parallel to it.
A, A, represents the end standard of a rotary Lever's machine of the ordinary
kind. a is the transverse shaft which carries the cams for working the
improved apparatus. This shaft a is mounted in brackets b, b, affixed to the
end standards, and is driven by bevel gear c, connected to the main shaft of the
rotary Lever's machine. By the rotary movement of the main shaft, this
transverse shaft a being made to revolve, it carries round cams d, d, which
act against levers e, e (seen best in Figure 14). These levers e, e, hang upon
fulcrum pins f, set in the horizontal frame bars g, g, which frame bars are
firmly secured by bolts or screws to the standards a, a.
The levers e, e, are
connected by links h, h, to the movable arms k, k, of jointed pieces or
hinges m, m, affixed to the horizontal frame bars; and upon the faces of these
movable arms k, k, there are firmly secured by screws transverse bars n, n.
As the arms k, k (actuated by the cam and levers d, e, and h), move inwards,
the hinges close on one side, and open on the other, and cause the trans-
verse bars n, n, to approach each other, by which means they are made to
press up against the backs of the sinkers p, p, and cause them to lock the
longitudinal sliding bar q firmly in its position. The sliding bars, of
which there are a series, lying parallel and coincident with each other (as
5 seen in Figure 16), which represents a partial horizontal section of the
apparatus, on the level of the frame g) are severally connected to the
guide bars of the old Lever's machine by means of arms j, j, j (see
Figures 13 and 15), extending downwards from the bars q. The sinkers p, p,
are pendant from the jacks r, r, which jacks vibrate upon a fulcrum rod

page_text: set in the transverse rail of two upright brackets s, s. The ends of the
jacks have pins of different lengths i, i, i, set in them, as before described
in reference to Figures 3, 4, and 11 of the former machine, and they are
acted upon by the successive cards of the Jacquard series every time that the
Jacquard box L rises, as in the former instance. Instead of step pieces 1
being formed upon the sliding bars q in this machine, as they are upon
the bars in the former instance, the said step piece or equivalent pieces
are formed upon the lower part of each of the sinkers p, p, as shewn at 1, 1,
in Figure 15, and which will be more clearly seen in the detached view,
Figure 17, which represents one of the bars q, with the two corresponding
sinkers p, p, intended to govern its sliding movements, and the jack r, from
which the sinkers are pendant, drawn upon an enlarged scale.
The Jacquard
box or barrel L. turns upon its axle in brackets pendant from a vibrating
frame t, which frame vibrates on the same fulcrum rods as the jacks (see
Figure 14). Upon the axle of the box or barrel L a loose wheel u is
mounted, the teeth of which wheel take into an upright rack v, held in its
position by a jointed arm w. Vibratory action is given to the frame t by a
lever and rod x, x, the former of which is acted upon by the cam d as it revolves
(see Figure 14); and the latter, being connected at its end to the tail end of
the frame t, gives to the frame its vibrating movement just before the larger
diameter of the cam acts upon the lever e. By the descent of the front part of
the frame t the teeth of the wheel u, taking into the rack v, will cause the wheel
to revolve, and a small spring catch z, in the end of the barrel L, being struck
by one of the arms of the wheel u, will cause the wheel to turn the barrel one
quarter round, which shifts the upper card of the pendant series, and brings
the next card in succession into the same situation. On the rising of the
frame t the arms of the wheel u slide over the spring catch z, and a pendant
hook holds the Jacquard barrel steady whilst it strikes upwards with its card
against the pins i, i, i, of the jacks r, which places the sinkers p with their
steps. 1, as before described, against the ends of the bars q for the purpose of
stopping and determining their positions, and those of the guide bars, or other
bars of the old machine, connected to them in order to produce the required
patterns in the manufacture of the fabric. In order to give more minute
adjustments to the bars than the above-described sinkers might alone be
capable of effecting, we sometimes introduce additional or auxiliary sinkers, as
shewn at y, y, in Figure 15, having small step pieces at their back, intended
to act between the former sinkers p and the locking bars n, n. These
*, when by their means the
auxiliary sinkers y are pendant from extra jacks
bars may be stopped at distances corresponding to half or quarter gates, or

page_text: any other spaces that may be required. Detached views of the step parts of
the sinkers are shewn in different positions at Figures 18, 19, and 20.
Another modification as to the arrangement of the parts of the improved
apparatus is shewn in elevation at Figure 21, as appended to the end of a
bobbin-net machine, the construction and operations of the parts are, however,
so nearly like those which have preceeded that it will not be necessary to
describe its details with any degree of minutia. The axle of the transverse
shaft, as before, is shewn at a carrying the cams for working the jacks and the
locking bars. The Jacquard box or barrel L turns with its axle bearing in a
stationary bracket B. The jacks are raised up from the barrel by a spring C
attached to the tail of the vibrating frame D. The barrel of the Jacquard
is turned round by the rack v, and spring catch z, as before, the rack being
worked by a cam acting upon the lever E. The jacks rare allowed to fall
with their points i, i, i, upon the upper card by the descent of the frame D,
caused by a cam F and lever G lifting the hinder part of the frame D. The
same cam has an extra elevation at *, which further depresses the front of the
frame D, and cause the rod H to push down a catch lever I, which sets a
locking bar K at liberty. The sinkers p, p, with their stop pieces, having
been thus allowed to descend, are so placed by the points i, i, i, as to stop the
bars in the way before described, when the locking bars n and K are brought
up to lock the bars g firmly by means of cams on the shaft a acting upon
levers M, which has a link N connected to lateral slide bars that bring up
the catch I and the locking bars K and n.
Figs. 22 and 23 represent a mode of adapting stops formed by stop pieces 1,
attached to the ends of jacks, to be raised or lowered behind the ends of the
bars by the operation of a perforated endless card on the barrel L.
Having now described our improvenients in or applicable to lace-making
machinery, we desire it to be understood that the do not intend to limit the
adaptation of our improvements solely to the modes which we have shewn in
the accompanying Drawings, as we consider that the leading features of our
Invention may be variously adapted to lace-making machinery, depending in
some measure upon the construction or principle of that machinery. But the
particular parts which we intend to claim as new and our Invention, however
they may be adapted and varied, are,-
First, the pins, or equivalent elevated pieces of different lengths, set into tho
jacks to be operated upon by the Jacquard cards, or other such apparatus.
Second, the employment of sinkers attached to the jacks, having step pieces
upon their edges, intended to act upon the ends of shogging bolts, bars, or
other contrivances connected with the old shogging bars of the machine; and,

page_text: Third, the adaptation of such step pieces upon the bolts or shogging bars to
be acted upon by stops worked by the Jacquard.
In witness whereof, I, the said John King, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-two.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fourth day of March, in
the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John King came before our Lady the
Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also 1
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.
Cramo umo