Improvements in Pile Wires for Looms.
Year: 1893

page_text: United States of America).
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 6th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb., 1893—Accepted, 25th Mar., 1893
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 6th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb., 1893—Accepted, 25th Mar., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pile Wires for Looms.
1, CHARLES FORD, of Lowell, in the County of Middlesex, and State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, Manufacturer's Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to " pile-wires," so called, about which the pile forming
warp-threads are looped in the process of making pile fabric.
My invention consists in an improvement in the manner of constructing or
forming that end of the pile-wire which is furnished with a knife or blade.
The object of the invention is not only to enable the knife to be readily attached
to or detached from the pile wire, but permits the knife to be easily sharpened
without removing or separating it from the wire.
My improvements further relate to the formation of the knife as adapted to be
affixed to a pile wire containing my invention.
The drawings represent in Figure 1 a side elevation of a pile wire embodying my
invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of that end of the pile wire to which the
knife is. fastened, the section being taken longitudinally through the knife slot.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the knife detached from the pile wire.
Fig. 4 is a cross section at y y.
In the accompanying drawings, 2 represents a pile wire, (shown as a thin piece
of steel,) at one end of which is attached a removable plate 3, termed the "head,"
and, as usual, formed with a circular hole to receive mechanism (not shown) by
which the pile wire is drawn across the fabric in order to sever the loops of the
warp-threads by means of a knife 4, removably secured at the opposite extremity,
termed the "knife-end."
As before premised, the object of my invention is primarily to enable the Knife
to be removed and a new one substituted, and at the same time to contrive a quick
and inexpensive method for so doing; moreover, to change the form of the knife
to the new existing circumstances, and thereby secure longer life for said knife,
while providing greater facilities for sharpening it without detaching it from the
wire. With these objects in view I have made the pile wire as a straight length
of steel, attaching the head at one extremity, while the knife eud, in lieu of curving
upwardly and over upon the knife or expanding into a blade integral with the wire,
as hitherto practised, is straight. At the same time I have removed a portion of
the wire and created an elongated notch or recess 5, (see Fig. 2), at the same time
In many
providing the slit or longitudinal opening 6 in which to fit the knife.
instances as before alluded to, the blade was formed as an integral part of the wire,
which was flattened out. Hence when the blade was broken or worn out it
necessitated an entirely new pile wire. By removal of the metal of the pile wire
at this point I have exposed the side surfaces of the knife and lowered the top edge
Hence
of the pile wire along this recess an amount equal to the depth of the cut.

page_text: I am enabled to braze or solder the knife to the pile wire very readily and keep
the cutting edge entirely clear and raised above such solder. The black portions
in Fig. 4 indicate solder. The recess 5, as will be seen, does not extend entirely
to the end of the pile wire, but a portion 7 of the latter is left intact to afford a
better support at this point of the knife. In some instances a pin 8 may be
inserted.
The knife or blade shown in Fig. 3 consists of a flat piece of metal tapering in
vertical longitudinal section from its heel to its point, which is adapted to enter
the slot in the main body of the pile wire. The lower part of the heel is formed
with a shoulder 9 to abut against the end of the pile wire and assist in giving a
firm positive bearing. The knife is made of the form and shape shown, in order
that when the metal composing the same is properly adjusted and fastened, with
the straight portion 10 resting in the slot, an oblique cutting edge shall be presented
__ to the loops of the warp-threads, and so create a shearing-stroke as the pile wire is
drawn across the fabric in process.
An important advantage in affixing the blade or knife to the wire under my
method consists in giving said blade a positive central position longitudinally of
the pile wire. By this means the loops are cut correctly at the centre, whereas in
the old way of forming the blade from the metal of the pile wire the latter was
liable to have a twist or deviation from a straight line, due to unequal contraction
or expansion when the blade was formed. Thus the loops will be cut unevenly and
lines will show on the face of the fabric.
I do not desire to be limited to the precise form of the knife, nor to the exact
form of that part of the pile wire which is removed in order to create the recess 5,
as shown in the drawings, since I consider my invention is embodied in the idea of
lowering the upper edge of the pile wire along that portion which is contiguous to
that of the knife, whereby the union or junction of said parts is made at a point
somewhat below the normal upper edge of the pile wire. By such means the life
of the knife is prolonged, while it is more easily sharpened without removal. To
detach the blade, a hot iron may be passed along over the solder, which is allowed
to drop off, and the knife is then easily withdrawn from the slot, a few minutes
being sufficient in which to perform this operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. As a new article of manufacture, a pile wire longitudinally slit in part at one
end to receive a knife and formed with a transverse notch or recess adapted to
bring the upper edge of the pile wire at this portion below the corresponding edge
of the body of the pile wire and create a shoulder upon each side of the knife,
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. In a pile wire, the combination, with a metallic bar having a straight knife
end with a longitudinal slit therein and a notch extending to within a short distance
of the extremity of said wire, but transversely of said slit, of a removable knife
adapted to enter said slit and be secured therein and a removable perforated head
at the opposite end of said bar, substantially as stated.
3. The combination, with a straight bar, as a pile wire, of a perforated head at
one end and a removable shouldered knife at the opposite end, said bar being pro-
vided with a longitudinal slit to receive the knife, and a transverse notch upon the
upper part of the pile wire in order to create ledges laterally of the knife in which
to insert solder, substantially as described and set forth.
This 1
1000
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.