CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Holding, of Wheelton, in the County of Lan-
caster, Overlooker, and Peter Todd, of the same Place, Spinner and
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 10th August 1866, and dated the 14th February 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Holding and Peter
Todd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 14th February 1866.
We, JOSEPH HOLDING, of Wheelton, in the County of Lancaster, Over-
looker, and PETER TODD, of the same Place, Spinner and Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOKS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of increasing the durability of
the "reed dents" employed in looms for weaving. The reed as now
employed is fixed between the slay and "press beam," so that the warp
threads in passing from the warp beam to the cloth roller has a constant
tendency to wear and destroy the "dents" of the reed at their root near
the "slay."

page_text: Our present improvements consist in a novel and peculiar arrangement of
mechanism in connection with the reed that shall give such reed during
the operation of weaving a constant and gradual rise and fall, the effect of
which upon the reed dents will be to make them more lasting and durable
than hitherto, inasmuch that the wearing surface presented to the action or
friction of the warp threads instead of being confined to the root is extended
over a surface equal to their rise and fall.
The improved arrangement of mechanism for effecting the rise and fall of
the "reed" may be thus described:-Secured underneath the slay are two or
more brackets, which support a shaft running parallel with and immediately
underneath the reed; upon one end of this shaft a ratchet is secured, which
is acted upon by a lever pawl secured to the breast beam. The opposite end
of this lever pawl beyond its fulcrum rests upon the periphery of a disc or
wheel secured upon the end of the cloth roller; this disc is supplied with one
or more indentations or recesses on its periphery, into which when revolving
the end of the pawl lever enters, the effect of which is to bring the pawl
into contact with the ratchet wheel secured to the shaft underneath the "slay
sword," which thereby causes with each beat of the "slay" during the time
the pawl is in contact with such ratchet an intermittent revolving motion to
the shaft upon which it is secured. Upon this shaft two eccentrics are
secured, which are connected by clips and projecting fingers with the reed,
thereby communicating to such reed during the revolution of such shaft
the necessary rise and fall as desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Holding and Peter Todd in the Great Seal Patent ?
Office on the 13th August 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
HOLDING, of Wheelton, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker, and PETER
TODD, of the same Place, Spinner and Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 3
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Joseph Holding and Peter Todd, Her special license that we, the said

page_text: Joseph Holding and Peter Todd, our executors, administrators, and assigns;
or such others as we, the said Joseph Holding and Peter Todd, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the terin therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Holding and
Peter Todd, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or
under the band and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Todd, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings:-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of increasing the durability of
the "reed dents" employed in looms for weaving. The reed as now employed
is fixed between the slay and press beam, so that the warp threads in passing
from the warp beam to the cloth roller has a constant tendency to wear and
destroy the dents of the reed at their root over the slay.
Our present improvement consists in a novel and peculiar arrangement of
mechanism in connection with the reed that shall give such reed during the
operation of weaving a constant and gradual rise and fall, the effect of which
upon the reed dents will be to make them more lasting and durable than
hitherto, inasmuch that the wearing surface presented to the action or friction
of the warp threads instead of being confined to the root is extended over a
surface equal to their rise and fall.
The improved arrangement of mechanism for effecting the rise and fall of
the reed may be thus described:-Secured underneath, the slay are two or
more brackets, which support a shaft running parallel with and immediately
underneath the reed; upon one end of this shaft a ratchet wheel is secured,
which is acted upon by a lever pawl secured to the breast beam. The
opposite end of this lever pawl beyond its fulcrum rests upon the periphery
of a disc or wheel secured upon the end of the cloth roller; this disc is
supplied with one or more indentations or recesses on its periphery, into

page_text: which when revolving the end of the pawl lever enters, the effect of which is
to bring the pawl into contact with the ratchet wheel secured to the shaft
underneath the "slay sword," which thereby cause with each beat of the slay
during the time the pawl is in contact with such ratchet an intermittent
revolving motion to the shaft upon which it is secured. Upon this shaft two
excentrics are secured, and are connected by clips and projecting fingers with
the reed, thereby communicating to such reed during the revolution of the
said shaft the necessary rise and fall as desired.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained iu
detail, we bave hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made on a scale of
three inches to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked on all the
figures alike.
Figure 1 represents a detached side sectional view of that portion of a loom
to which our improvements are attached, and in which the arrangement of
mechanism is shown that gives the slow rise and fall to the reed; Figure 2
represents a front elevation of the same.
In Figures 1 and 2, a, a, is the slay of the loom, to which the brackets b, b,
are secured; these brackets support the shaft c, upon which are secured the
two eccentrics d, d; upon one end of this shaft c the ratchet wheel e is keyed;
this ratchet is acted upon when the slay a is in motion by the lever pawl f,
the fulcrum of which is secured by a bracket to the breast beam of the loom ;
the end g of this "lever pawl" is provided with a slight swell g', which is
caused to rest upon the periphery or boss of the cloth roller; that portion
of this boss upon which the lever f bears is provided with one or more
recesses or indentations, into which when revolving the end g¹ of the said lever
enters, the effect of which is to bring the pawlf into contact with the ratchet
wheel e, thereby giving during the time the end of the lever 9 remains in
such recess an intermittent revolving motion to the shaft c and eccentrics d, d.
The reed h being connected to the eccentrics by the fingers and clips i is
caused during the motion of the eccentrics, as described, to give an in-
termittent slow rise and fall to the reed, thus extending the action of the
warp over a portion of the "reed dents," preventing thereby the constant rub
and friction of the warp upon the dents being confined to one place.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be under-
stood that we claim the novel arrangement, construction, and adaptation of
the mechanism as herein-before described, or any slight modification thereof
in connection with the reeds of looms, whereby such "reeds" are caused to
"
.

page_text: give a slow rise and fall during the action of the loom, for the purposes
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Todd, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of August, in the year of our Lord Oue
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
PETER TODD. (L.S.)