Improvements in the Construction of Springs suitable for Railway Rolling Stock and other Vehicles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 20th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1896
Improvements in the Construction of Springs suitable for Railway
Rolling Stock and other Vehicles.
I, JOSEPH STRICKLAND, of 32, Wharfe View, Ben Rhydding, near Leeds, in
the County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in springs suitable for railway
and other vehicles, and has for its object, the construction of the same in
such a manner, that greater strength is obtained with a considerable reduction in
weight, thereby effecting a saving in the first cost of the same and also in the
haulage, which is constant when running.
The end cross section of my improved form of spring is of a corrugated,
undulating or wavey form, which may be regular or variable in the pitch of the
corrugations or the like, and formed of parallel plates, or plates tapering or
irregular in thickness and are applicable for buffer springs, and so constructed that,
ou the pressure acting on the buffers of the railway carriage or the like, the spring
will become compressed in a manner that it has two actions, one in the direction of
its depth, compressing the corrugations in cross section, and the other deflecting
them longitudinally.
Springs formed of corrugated, undulating or wavey sectioned material are also
applicable for axle springs, in which case the spring may be firmly secured to the
sole bar of the carriage or the like and the bottom portion of the spring provided
with a shoe, which not only stiffens the bottom of the spring, but its form is such,
as to admit of its entering the ordinary recess in the top of the axle box, thus
preventing the spring getting out of position.
Dated this 17th day of April 1895.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.
Improvements in the Construction of Springs suitable for Railway
Rolling Stock and other Vehicles.
I, JOSEPH STRICKLAND, of 32, Wharfe View, Ben Rhydding, Leeds, in the
County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in springs suitable for railway
and other vehicles, and has for its object the construction of same in such a manner
that greater strength is obtained with a considerable reduction in weight, thereby
effecting a saving in the first cost of the same and also in the .haulage, which is
constant when running.
The end cross section of my improved form of spring is of a corrugated,
TD 071

page_text: undulating or wavey form, which may be regular or variable in the pitch of the
corrugations or the like, and formed of parallel plates or plates tapering or irregular
in thickness.
In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will describe the same in
detail by making reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings.
In all the figures similar letters indicate similar parts where they appear.
Fig. 1 represents a view of my improved form of springs and Fig. 2 is a section
of same through line a. b.
In these figures I have shown the spring applied as a buffer spring.
The buffers operate against the bearings at A. A. the strain or pressure being
supported at B. and B¹. When pressure is acting on the face of the buffers, the
ends A. A. of buffer springs will move in the direction of the arrows; the centre N.
of body of the spring being retained by the draw bar of the vehicle acting in the
direction of arrow 2.
As the pressure acting on the buffers continues to force the ends A. A. in the
direction of said arrows, the spring will become compressed between the points B.
and B. It will therefore be easily understood that this spring has two actions,
that is to say, one in the direction of its depth and another in the direction of its
length, so that the pressure tends to compress the corrugations in cross section and
at the same time to deflect them in longitudinal section, that is, say by the motion of
the ends A. A. in the direction of the arrows.
Fig. 3 represents a view of my improved spring constructed in a similar manner
to the one described in Figs. 1 and 2, but constructed as a bearing spring and is
connected to the sole bar F. in a similar manner to bearing springs at present"
in use.
Fig. 4 is a cross section of same.
Fig. 5 represents a view of a portion of a spring somewhat similar to Figs. 1. 2. 3
and 4. but having the top made straight for receiving a distributed load, the bottom
being supported from the centre in any desired manner. In this case the ends do
not move under the load, so as to obtain any substantial deflection in longitudinal
section.
Fig. 6 is a cross section of same.
Fig. 7 is a view of a very wide spring suitable for heavy distributed load, the
two sides P. P. being made separate and the top and bottom of each section bent
outwards and secured with bolts C. C. to timber or the like D. The two sides P. P.
of springs are connected together at the bottom by a flange plate E. secured thereto
in any convenient manner.
Fig. 8 is a cross section of same.
A great advantage of the form of spring shown in Figs. 5 and 8 and in the
subsequent figures hereinafter mentioned, is that the spring is firmly secured to the
sole bar of the carriage in such wise that the maximum lateral rigidity is obtained,
which keeps the springs securely in the vertical position required for supporting
the loaded carriage upon the wheel axles.
Fig. 9 is a side view of my improved bearing spring secured to a timber sole
bar F. by bolt C. C. To the bottom of the spring I secure in any convenient
manner a shoe G. which not only stiffens the bottom of the spring but its form is
such as to admit of its entering the ordinary recess in the top of the axle box,
thus preventing the spring from getting out of position.
Fig. 10 is a cross section of same.
Fig. 11 shews a modification in which the corrugated spring is continued upwards
outside the sole bars F. so as to give a greater depth of spring than would be
available between the bottom of the sole bar and the axle box.
Fig. 12 is a cross section of same.
Figs. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. shew various modes of securing my improved spring to
different kinds of sole bars.
The before mentioned springs are formed of a single plate of metal of equal
thickness throughout when additional strength is required, I may construct the

page_text: and tensional strain, and at the same time, not unduly increasing the weights of
said springs.
It will be observed that in Figs. 10. 18. 19. 20. and 22 wherein the spring is
secured to the timber sole bar, the configuration of the spring is such immediately
under the sole bar as to relieve the bolts C. C. as much as possible from the shearing
strain to which they would otherwise be subject.
Fig. 24 is a sectional view of an elastic draw bar cradle formed of my improved
spring. The ordinary coiled spring or the like is dispensed with, the draw bars
being connected to the ends J. J. of my improved cradle.
Fig. 25 is an elevation of same, and
Fig. 26 an end view.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1. A spring constructed of a plate or plates with corrugations or undulations
arranged so that the pressure tends to compress the corrugations substantially as
described.
2. A corrugated spring substantially such as is hereinbefore described with
reference to Fig. 1, such that the pressure tends to compress the corrugations in
cross section and to deflect them at the same time in longitudinal section.
3. A corrugated spring substantially such as is hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 3 and 4.
4. A corrugated spring substantially such as is hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
5. A corrugated spring substantially such as is hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 7 to 17.
6. A compound corrugated spring substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 18 and 19.
7. A corrugated spring made out of plates having ribs or corrugations at right
angles to the main corrugations substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 20 to 23.
8. An improved draw bar spring substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 24 to 26.
Dated this 17th day of January 1896.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.