IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR BLEACHING YARNS AND CLOTH
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abraham Taylor, of Birch Vale, near Stockport,
in the County of Derby, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS USED FOR BLEACHING YARNS AND CLOTH."
Sealed the 10th December 1872, and dated the 24th June 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abraham Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th June 1872.
I, ABRAHAM TAYLOR, of Birch Vale, near Stockport, in the County of
Derby, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR BLEACHING YARNS AND CLOTH," to be as
follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for bleaching yarn or cloth under
pressure, and consists of an arrangement whereby the bleaching liquor is
forced continuously through the yarn or cloth by means of high pressure
steam in a closed kier or vessel.

page_text: The closed kier in which the yarn or cloth to be bleached is supported
by pillars or otherwise, and is provided with two pipes, one at the top
and one connected with the space beneath the false bottom. The upper
pipe is perforated inside the kier, and above the top it is divided into two
branches, one in connection with the steam pipe and the other leading
to the top of a closed receiver placed at rather a lower level than the
kier. This pipe ends in a cone which terminates near the bottom of the
receiver and covers the end of a pipe which leads to the steam pipe. The
bottom pipe is also made with two branches, one leading to near the
bottom of the said receiver, and the other to a blow-off or discharge
cock. There is also a safety valve and a guage for ascertaining when all
the liquor has been blown out, and a supply pipe for the admission of
the bleaching liquor to the kier. All the pipes are provided with taps
or valves.
When the cloth or yarn is placed in the kier, and the latter closed in
tightly, steam is first admitted through the blow valve and upper
perforated pipe, passing through the yarn or cloth and escaping by the
blow-off cock, the other cocks being closed. As soon as all the air has
been driven off the blow valve and blow-off cock are closed and the
liquor admitted, which will pass through the yarn or cloth and through
the bottom pipe into the receiver, steam being now admitted into the
latter will force the liquor up the conical pipe to the top of the kier
again, and thus a constant circulation of the liquor through the goods
under the pressure of steam in a closed vessel is effected.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, a
filed by the said Abraham Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd December 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ABRAHAM
TAYLOR, of Birch Vale, near Stockport, in the County of Derby, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenth-fourth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-

page_text: sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Abraham Taylor, Her special license that I, the
said Abraham Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Abraham Taylor, my exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED FOR BLEACHING YARNS AND
CLOTH," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Abraham
Taylor, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Abraham Taylor, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to apparatus for bleaching yarn or cloth under
pressure, and consists of an arrangement whereby the bleaching liquor is
forced continuously through the yarn or cloth by means of high-pressure
steam in a closed kier or vessel.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention I will now
proceed more in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be
performed or carried into practical effect, and in order that the same
may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings
illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures and letters
of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation
thereof.
The annexed Drawing represents a sectional elevation of my improved
apparatus.
The closed kier a, a, in which the yarn or cloth to be bleached is

page_text: two pipes, one c, c, at the top and one d, d, connected with the space
beneath the false bottom e, e. The upper pipe communicates by a
tapff with the perforated chamber g, g, inside the kier, and above the
top it is divided into two branches, one in connection with the steam
pipe h, h, and the other c* curved and leading to the top of a closed
receiver i, i, placed at rather a lower level than the kier a, a.
This pipe
ends in a cone j, j, which terminates near the bottom of the receiver and
covers the end of a pipe *, *, which leads to the steam pipe h, h. The
bottom pipe d, d, is also made with two branches, one leading to near the
bottom of the said receiver i, i, and the other to a blow-off or discharge
cock k, k. There is also a safety valve 1, 1, and a gauge m, m, for
ascertaining when all the liquor has been blown out, and a supply
pipe n, n, for the admission of the bleaching liquor to the kier. All the
pipes are provided with taps or valves.
When the cloth or yarn is placed in the kier, and the latter closed in
tightly, all the taps excepting the tap k, k, being closed, steam is first
admitted through the blow valve and upper perforated chamber g, 9,
passing through the yarn or cloth and escaping by the blow-off cock k, k,
the other cocks being closed; as soon as all the air has been driven off
the blow valve and blow-off cock are closed and the liquor admitted by
the pipe n, n, which will pass through the yarn or cloth and through the
bottom pipe d, d, into the receiver i, i. Steam being now admitted into
the latter by means of the pipe h* will force the liquor up the conical
pipe j, j, to the top of the kier a, a, again, and thus a constant
circulation of the liquor through the goods under the pressure of steam
in the closed vessel a, a, is effected. o, o, is the waste pipe leading to
the safety valve l, l. It will be seen that is pipe o, o, is provided with
an escape pipe p, p, by which a portion of the steam escapes from the
kier, and hence the pressure in the interior of the kier being always
slightly below that in the steam pipe the circulation is permanently
maintained.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
"Improvements in Apparatus used for Bleaching Yarns and Cloth,"
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed
or carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as
my Invention, the general construction and arrangement of the apparatus
as shown on the annexed Drawing, and herein-before more particularly

page_text: described, or any mere modification or imitation thereof, constructed and
operating in substantially the same or a similar manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abraham Taylor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
Witnessed by
GEORGE DAVIES, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
ABRAHAM TAYLOR. (L.s.)