Improvements in Typewriters.
Year: 1892

page_text: DE BUIJUATION.
Improvements in Typewriters.
A conimunication from abroad by THE REMINGTON STANDARD TYPEWRITER
MANUFACTURING COMPANY, of 327, Broadway, New York City, New York,
United States of America, a Corporation organised under the laws of the State
of New York.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL of the firm of Fell and Wilding, of 1, Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates more particularly to that class of machine known as
"Remington type-writers in which the type bars or levers are provided each
with two types, each of said two types striking at a different centre, and in
which there is a movable or shiftable platen, but many of the improvements
hereinafter described may be embodied in machines wherein the platen is not
arranged to shift and wherein the type bars or levers are provided each with
only one type, all of the types being arranged to print at one common centre.
The present machine embraces improvements in the construction of the carriage
and platen-carrier; in the means for shifting the platen for upper case work;
in the means for feeding the paper carriage; in the means for rotating the
platen in line space direction, and feeding the paper; in the means for holding
the paper or other material to be written upon to or against the platen; in the
means for releasing the paper carriage for rapid movements; in the means for
doing column or tabular work; in the means for automatically shifting the ribbon
laterally widthwise; in the construction and arrangement of the ribbon spools
and various other parts of the machine, all as will be hereinafter more fully
described.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1, is a plan view of a type-writing machine embodying the improvements,
the key-board or key-levers being abbreviated for the purpose of obtaining a larger
view than would otherwise be practicable, and the paper-table being omitted to
exhibit various parts which in practice underlie the same.
Figure 2, is an elevation of the same taken at the right hand side of the
machine with the paper-table added and omitting the key-levers and the type-bars.
Figure 3, is a vertical section taken about centrally of Figure 1.
Figure 4, is a detail view to exhibit the turning up of the carriage for inspection
of the work and the means by which the carriage is held in such upturned
position.
'
Figure 5, is a detail view showing the carriage turned up and back to its full
imit and the platen resting upon the paper table, which may serve as a support for
he platen in making erasures.
Figure 6, is a vertical section to show more particularly the means for shifting
he platen for the performance of upper case work or printing.
Figure 7, is a horizontal section taken about midway of the height of the
achine, but omitting many of the key levers and connecting rods.
Figure 8, is a perspective view to show more particularly the carriage releasing
nd column stop mechanisms.
Figure 9, is an elevation at the left hand side of the machine to illustrate the
bbon feeding mechanisms.
Figure 10, is an enlarged horizontal section taken at the line z, z, of Figure 9.
Figure 11, is a vertical section taken at the line y, y, of Figure 12.
Figure 12. is a horizontal enation to
R+

page_text: Figure 13, is a similar section with the parts lifted to cause the ribbon to travel
in a direction the reverse of that it is shown as moving in Figure 12.
Figure 14, is a vertical section taken at the line w, w, of Figure 13 with the top
plate of the machine added.
Figure 15, is a central horizontal section through the spool and case and showing
the spool shaft in elevation.
Figure 16, is an enlarged vertical section taken at the line v, v, of Figure 14.
Figure 17, is a horizontal section taken at the line u, u, of Figure 14.
Figure 18, is an enlarged vertical section taken at the line t, t, of Figure 2
to show more particularly the construction of the line spacing and regulating
means.
Figure 19, is a side elevation of the cam piece or device which regulates the
throw or movement of the driving pawl of the paper platen ratchet-wheel.
Figure 20, is a side view of the holding piece or notched disk with which
engages a spring for holding the cam piece or regulator in any of its several
positions.
Figure 21, is a side elevation of a portion of the paper carriage showing a
modification of the line spacing and regulating devices.
Figure 22, is an enlarged vertical section taken at the lines, s, of Figure 21.
Figure 23, is a detail view of the regulator detached.
Figure 24, is a vertical section, showing more particularly the feed-rollers and
their mode of mounting.
Figure 25, is a rear view of the escapement devices, the ratchet wheel being
partly broken away to show the dogs more clearly.
Figure 26, is a front elevation, with the platen-carrier raised to a vertical
position.
In the various views the same part will be found designated by the same numeral
of reference.
I designates the frame work and 2 the top plate of the machine.
Around the opening in the top plate are arranged, as usual, a number of
hangers 3, in each of which is pivoted a type-bar or lever 4, having at its free end
two types, an upper case or capital letter and a lower case or small letter.
Some type bars, however, have a numeral type and a punctuation type, as
customary.
Attached to the shorter arm of each of the pivoted type-bars or levers is a
connecting rod 5 which at its lower end, by a turn-buckle or screw-coupling 6, and
strap 7, is connected to a key-lever 8, pivoted at the rear of the machine at 9, and
provided at its front end with a finger-piece or button 10, marked as usual to
represent the two types of the bar or lever with which it is connected.
Beneath all of the key levers 8, and extending crosswise of the machine, is a
universal-bar 11, which at each end is connected, by a rod 12, to a cross bar 13,
firmly attached at its centre to the forwardly projecting arm 14 of the spacing-
rocker 15, which, by a pivot 16, at each end, is arranged to vibrate in a bracket or
hanger 17, depending from the top plate 2. The spacing-rocker is provided with
a dog 18, pivoted at 19 and having a spring 20 adapted to throw said dog towards
the left against a stop 21, secured by a screw 22 to the spacing-rocker and bent to
extend forward over to the pivoted dog 18.
The dog 18 is preferably made in two parts, that is to say, it is hinged or
pivoted again at 23, near its upper end, for a purpose which will hereinafter
appear.
A light spring 24 is provided to keep the free end 18", of the dog 18 elevated
and to return the same to its initial position after having been depressed.
The upward movement of the dog portion 18", by the spring 24 is limited by a
stop 25 which engages with the under side of an offset 18b, to which the part 18, is
pivoted.
To the upper end of the spacing-rocker or dog-holder is secured a fixed or rigid
dog 26.

page_text: A volute spring 27, attached to the axis of the spacing rocker at one end and to
the frame work at the other end, operates to move the spacing rocker rearwardly
and to return the universal bar 11 and its intermediate connections to their first
positions after having been actuated.
Normally the flexible or pivoted two-part dog 18" engages with a ratchet
wheel 28 fixed at the outer, rear end of a shaft 29 mounted in a tubular bearing 30
and provided at its inner or front end with a pinion 31 which meshes with the teeth
of a vertically arranged rack-bar 32 connected to the paper carriage 33 as will be
presently explained.
At each side of the top plate 2 of the machine is a standard 34 having a half
round groove on its upper side into which is fitted one end of the carriage guide
rod 35.
The ends of the carriage guide rod are formed each with a conical depression 36
to receive a pin or lug 37 projecting at right angles from the upper end of a
plate 38 which is fastened by a screw 39 to the outer face of the standard 34. By
this means the carriage guide rod is held firmly in place against endwise movement
and is prevented from being raised or elevated from its bearings in the upper ends
of the standards. Furthermore, by this construction, the carriage guide rod may
be rotated or turned so as to bring into use, from time to time when required, a
new wearing surface for the grooved rollers 40 of the carriage 33, which is guided
at its front side by said rod 35.
In rear of the rod 35 and parallel therewith is arranged a shorter, supplementary
carriage guide-rod 41 mounted in brackets 42 rising from the top plate 2.
About centrally of the main portion of the carriage 33, is arranged an arm 43
which extends rearwardly at right angles to the rod 35 over to the rod 41 and
is constructed to embrace the rod 41 so as to be guided thereby and prevent any
tilting or rearward motion of the carriage 33. By arranging the arm 43 centrally
of the carriage, the rod 41 may be made shorter than the rod 35.
The carriage at its ends is provided with downwardly extending portions in which
are journaled the ends of a rock shaft 44.
At or near each end of said rock shaft is a curved arm 45 which passes over the
top of the guide rod 35 and extends down in front of the same. To the free ends
of these curved arms is attached the feed rack 32.
In front of the feed rack and screwed thereto is a bar 46 which extends the
length of the carriage 33 and rests and rides upon an anti-friction roller 47,
mounted on the free, inner end of the shaft 29 in front of the pinion 31.
The curved arms 45 are made integral with a cross bar 48, upon which bears one
end of a coiled spring 49 surrounding the rock-shaft 44, the other end of said
spring being connected to the carriage 33. The rock shaft 44 serves as a hinge or
pivot for the frame composed of the curved arms 45, and cross bar 48, to enable
the feed rack 32 and supporting bar 46 respectively to be lifted or swung up from
the pinion 31 and the anti-friction roller 47, when it may be desired to release the
carriage for rapid movements.
The coiled spring 49 is so mounted that its tension or power operates to keep the
rack 32 in proper engagement with its pinion and the bar 45 in running contact
with its anti-friction roller, and to return said rack and bar to their normal positions
after having been lifted.
The means for raising the rack and hence the supporting bar from their working
positions will be hereinafter described in detail.
To each end of the carriage 33 is a forwardly projecting arm 50 to which is
pivotally connected a rock shaft 51, provided at each end with an upwardly and
forwardly extending arm 52.
To the upper free ends of said arms 52, is pivoted or hinged the rear forked
ends 53 of the side bars 54 and 55 of the platen carrier.
The platen carrier consists of a four-sided frame composed of the side bars 54
and 55, a front bar 56, and a back bar 57.
The front, back and side bars are all preferably cast integral or in one piece.

page_text: The pivot 58 at each end, which connects the forked end of the side bar with the
upwardly and forwardly extending arm 52, is prolonged to extend laterally between
two ears 59 on the upper side of the arm 50 of the carriage. Each of these ears
serves as a stop for said pivot, and each ear is provided with a small screw 60
which in the event of wear of the pivot or of the face of the ear, may be turned
forward to also serve as a stop, it being important that the throw or extent of
movement of the pivot and hence the platen carrier be exact or uniform at all
times.
To the front bar 56 is attached on its under side a bracket or plate 61, provided
with an anti-friction roller 62 and with a downwardly projecting fork or yoke-
block 63, which normally straddles or partially embraces a rail or rod 64. The
anti-friction roller 62 runs or travels upon said rail or rod and it therefore serves
to support the front side of the platen carrier. The said rail or rod 64, in addition
to serving the function of a support, performs the office also of a shift rail for the
platen carrier. This rail is mounted on the upper ends of the vertical arms 65
and 66 of two bell cranks or bent levers 67 and 68, mounted on a rock shaft 69,
supported at its ends in the frame work of the machine and curved or bowed
between its ends to pass around the front row or series of connecting rods 5. To
the horizontal arm 70 of the bell crank 67 at the right, is connected, pivotally, a
rod 71, which by a turn-buckle and strap is connected to a key lever 72 pivoted at
the rear of the machine and provided at its front end with a button or head 73
bearing the words upper case.
66
The horizontal arm 74 of the left hand bell crank 68 has pivotally connected to
its free end a rod 75, which, by a turn-buckle 76 and strap 77, is connected to
another key lever 78 pivoted in a bracket 79 about midway of the machine, on
the left hand side, and provided at its front end with a button or head 80 inscribed
also with the words ".
upper case."
The bell crank 68 is provided with a downwardly and forwardly extending
arm 81, to which is pivoted at 82 a bent lever 83 having a slot 84, which embraces
a screw pin 85, fast on the arm 81, that serves to limit the vibration of said lever.
On the upper end of the bent lever is a stud or pin 86, to which is connected the
upper end of a spiral spring 87, whose lower end is hooked to a toothed, curved,
snail-like adjuster 88, which is connected to a cross rod or shaft 89.
At Figure 6, the spring is partly broken away to show the construction of the
lever 83.
The upper ends of the arms 65 and 66, to which the shift rail 64 is attached,
protrude through slots or openings in the top plate of the machine and have a
limited vibratory motion. Normally the spring 87 operates to hold the shift rail
and the carriage forward in the positions indicated by the full lines at Figures 1
and 6.
In this position of the parts, the pivots 58 at the ends of the platen-carrier rest
against the front ears 59, and the platen or impression roller 90, mounted to turn
in suitable bearings in the side bars 54 and 55 of the platen-carrier, is held
properly in position to receive the lower case or small letters on the type bars.
When it may be desired to use the capital or upper case letters, either of the
key levers 72 or 78 is depressed, the rock shaft 69 oscillated, and the upper arms 65
and 66 of the bell cracks caused to move rearwardly with the shift-rail, and thus
effect the shifting rearwardly of the platen-carrier about its rock shaft 51, as shown
by the dotted lines at Figure 6.
As soon as the finger is released from the shift-key-lever, the platen carrier is
moved back to its normal position by means of the spring 87.
In the normal position of the platen carrier, the arms 52 incline forward beyond
the vertical axis of the rock shaft 50. When the platen is shifted rearwardly
these arms are carried backward on the opposite side of said vertical axis and
inclined to a similar extent, in order that the lower side of the platen may occupy
the same plane or level when the upper case letters are being used as when the
.lower case letters are employed.

page_text: 5
0
Tu snuiting from one position to another, the platen is carried in a slightly curved
path, but inasmuch as the extremes of its motion terminate in the same horizonta
plane, the alignment of the writing will be unaffected when the platen is shifted fo
upper case work
The rearward shifting movement of the platen-carrier is limited by the back
ears 59 on the carriage by reason of the contact therewith of the pivots or pins 58.
Upon turning the bent-lever 83 to the dotted line position shown at Figure 6,
the spring 87 may act to lock or hold the platen in its shifted position, so that the
writing may be done with capital or upper case letters only.
When it may be desired to inspect the work, the platen carrier may be turned
up about its hinges or pivots 58.
On the back bar 57 of the platen carrier and about centrally thereof are formed
two wings or lugs 91 which are adapted to engage with two spring plates 92
fastened by a screw 93 to the arm 43 of the carriage.
These spring plates 92 are so mounted and bent that the lugs or wings 91 may
engage them when the carriage is turned up to about a vertical position and it is
desired merely to inspect the work or writing on the under side of the platen. If
it should be desired to throw the platen further back for the purpose of making
erasures this may be readily accomplished.
Referring to Figure 3 it will be observed that while the platen is down in
working position, the lugs or wings 91 lie in a horizontal plane and pass freely
between the spring plates 92.
Upon turning up the platen for inspection of the work to the position represented
at Figure 4, the wings 91 come in contact with the free ends of the spring plates 92
and the platen-carrier is held in this position by such contact.
Preferably the holding actions of the spring plates upon the wings in the
position of the parts at Figure 4, is made sufficient to support the platen only
lightly.
When a firmer support is desired, as for instance in making erasures, the platen-
carrier is turned back still further, as represented at Figure 5, so that the platen
may rest upon the paper table or shelf 94, which is firmly supported in standards 95
cast on top of the carriage 33.
Pivoted at 96 in ears 97 cast on the back bar 57 of the platen-carrier are twε
rms or levers 98, made hook shaped at their lower ends to receive a shaft or
xle 99 upon which is mounted to rotate, each independently, three rubber-covered
ressure or feed rollers 100. Each arm or lever 98 is provided with a spring 101
aving a tendency to press the rollers against the platen. Each roller section
referably passes through a slot or opening 102 in a curved plate or deflector 103,
stened upon a cross bar 104, which is mounted to rock at its ends in the side bars
f the platen carrier. On said cross bar, at points opposite studs 105 on the
vers 98, are arranged lugs or fingers 106 adapted, when said cross bar is rocked
arwardly by means of a finger-piece or lever 107, to move said arms 98 rearwardly
d carry the divided or sectional pressure roller out of contact with the platen or
e paper thereupon. When the key or lever 107 is released, the pressure roller
turns to its normal position under the influence of the springs 101, and the cross
r is restored to its first position by a spiral spring 108 secured thereto at one end
d bearing at its other end against the back of the deflector.
The return of the cross rod by the spring 108 is limited by an arm 109 secured to
d cross rod and contacting with the under side of the rear forked end of the side
r 55. At the lower end of the deflector is secured a scale bar 110 which is
ferably marked or graduated from left to right.
To the front bar 56 of the platen carrier is secured, by means of arms 111,
ther scale bar 112 likewise preferably graduated or marked from left to right,
in conjunction with this last mentioned scale bar is employed a stationary
ater or index 113, preferably attached to the shift rail and projecting out in
at the scale bar 112.

page_text: On the front bar 56 of the platen carrier are mounted three brackets, 114, 115
and 116, the latter being arranged between the brackets 114 and 115.
These brackets are all constructed alike and are adapted to be adjusted length-
wise upon the said bar for sheets of different widths.
Each one is formed with a horizontal member 117 adapted to rest on top of the
bar, with a vertical depending member or lug 118 having a shoulder 119, which fits
on the under side of the front bar, (the latter being T-shaped in cross section) and
with an upwardly extending vertical member 120 in connection with which is used
a plate or device 121 having a shoulder 122, at its lower end corresponding to the
shoulder 119, adapted also to clasp the under side of the front portion of the bar 56.
At the upper end of the plate 121 is formed a lip 123 which is seated on a
ledge 124 on the member 120.
The latter is provided with a guide pin 125 which extends through a hole in the
plate 121. Below this bole is a larger hole or perforation through which passes
the shank of a clamping screw 126, whose end engages a threaded hole formed in
the horizontal member 117. By means of the screw 126, the bracket and the
plate 121 are drawn towards each other and caused to clamp securely the front
bar 57, the shoulders 119 and 122 preventing the bracket from rising from
said bar.
By turning the screw towards the left, the parts may be loosened and the bracket
slipped along the front bar to any desired place.
The end brackets 114 and 115 are each provided with a small rubber covered
roller 127, which is mounted to turn freely in a fork 128, pivoted at 129 in the
bifurcated lower portion of the vertical depending member or lug 118.
In this lug or member is arranged a headed pin or plunger 130 provided with a
coiled spring 131, having a tendency to press said pin outward or downward.
The upper end of the fork 128, is formed with two flat faces 132 and 133 against
either of which the head of the spring-pressed pin or plunger bears.
When the headed pin bears against the flat face 132 the roller is held against the
pluten and when the said pin bears upon the flat face 133, the roller is held away
from or out of contact with the platen. Normally these small rollers 127 are turned
up away from the platen and are not in use. They are of great utility, however,
when manifold or carbon work is being done, or when it is desired to print upon
envelopes or cards, or when for any reason it is desirable to hold the paper with
more than usual firmness. They are also useful when it may be desired to print to
the bottom edge of the sheet and after the paper has left the control of the sectional
pressure roller.
Upon each of the end brackets 114 and 115 is mounted a sheet metal guide 134,
which is curved to conform to the curvature of the platen and which at its free end
preferably overlaps and presses upon the scale bar 110.
This guide is widened between its ends and is formed with a slot 135, through
which the small roller 127 protrudes when set in working position.
The plate 121 of the left hand bracket 115 has formed with it, preferably, a
handle 136 by which the platen carrier may be lifted for inspection and correction
of the work.
The middle bracket 116 has a shorter curved, plate-like, slotted paper guide 137
which is connected to the pivotally and elastically mounted fork which holds the
small roller, and which extends above the front bar of the platen-carrier, to form a
finger-piece, so that the roller and the lower end of the guide 137 may be moved
away from the platen, when the finger-piece is pushed rearwardly upon the
insertion of a new sheet. This avoids the necessity for raising the platen-carrier
and guiding the leading end of the sheet by hand as heretofore.
At the right hand end of the platen is secured a ratchet wheel 138 with which is
adapted to engage a driving pawl 139, pivoted at 140 upon the vertical upper
arm 141, of a line space lever 142, pivoted at 143 to the forward end of the right
hand side bar 54 of the platen carrier.

page_text: " pant may be said to be a bent lever, since it is provided with
downwardly extending arm 144.
This arm is adapted to be operated upon by a device whose function is to keep
the free operating end of the driving pawl normally out of engagement with the
5 platen ratchet wheel 138, in order that said wheel and the platen may be freely
rotated in either direction.
Two forms of device for effecting this purpose are shown. Referring particularly
to Figures 2, 18, 19, and 20, 145 is a cam having three faces, 146, 147 and 148,
each a different distance from the centre of movement of said cam. The cam is
fixed on the end of a stud or arbor 149, which is provided with a disk 150 at or
near the other end.
This stud or arbor is fitted in open hooks 151 at the upper end of a standard 152
made integral with the right hand side bar 54.
standard is slotted out or cut away to admit the disk 150, which is formed or
Between said open hooks the
provided with three notches or curved faces 153.
A flat spring 154, curved at its free end, is attached to the standard 152, and is
adapted to engage any of the notches or depressions 153 in the disk and not only
hold the same and the cam in place relatively to the hooks, but also hold them in
any position to which they may be adjusted.
The cam is arranged in front of and directly in line with the arm 144 of the
driving pawl.
The cam 145 serves not only to keep the free end of the driving pawl out of
engagement with the ratchet wheel but also to regulate or determine the throw of
said pawl and hence the extent of revolution of the platen. In the position of the
cam at Figure 2, the face 146 is opposed to the arm 144, and being nearer the
arbor 149 than either of the other faces of the cam permits the upper arm 141 of
the line space lever to move outward its greatest distance.
If the handle portion 155 of the line space lever be now raised, the arm 141 will
be thrown rearwardly and the driving pawl will operate to turn the platen a
distance of three teeth on the ratchet wheel. Upon releasing the line space lever, a
spring 156 may be employed to return it to its normal position.
arm 144 strikes against the face 146 of the cam just before the line space lever has
In returning, the
completed its returning movement and by reason of this contact, the free or
operating end of the driving pawl is lifted out of engagement with the ratchet
wheel and is held suspended as illustrated.
If it be desired to have the platen rotated a distance of only two notches, the
cam by its handle or finger piece 157 is turned so as to bring the face 147 in line with
the arm 144. By thus turning the cam, the return or outward movement of the
arm 141 is reduced to an extent corresponding to the distance between two of the
teeth of the ratchet wheel and therefore at each line space operation thereafter, the
driving pawl will turn the platen a correspondingly less distance.
If the face 148 of the cam be turned up in line with the arm 144, the driving
pawl at each movement of the spacing lever will turn the platen a distance of only
one notch of the ratchet wheel.
By means of the notched disk and spring, the cam or line-space-regulator and
pawl-lifter is firmly held in any of the several positions to which it is capable of
being adjusted.
A small roller 158 is mounted on the end of a flat spring 159 attached to the
rear portion of the right hand side bar 54 and bearing upon the ratchet wheel serves
o check or restrain the same and the platen from rotating or turning casually at
he time of writing.
By means of a hand wheel 160 on the right hand end of the platen shaft or axle,
he platen may be rotated freely in either direction, that is backward or forward,
or the insertion or adjustment of the paper without, as heretofore, first removing
he driving pawl from engagement with the ratchet wheel. In this machine, as the
riving pawl normally stands out of engagement with the ratchet wheel and as

page_text: the roller 158 affords but little resistance to the turning of the platen, the latter
may be readily rotated by applying a comparatively small amount of force to the
hand wheel 160, the roller 158 bobbing freely over the teeth of the ratchet wheel
as the same is turned.
Referring now to Figures 21, 22 and 23, a modification of the line-space
regulating and pawl-lifting device will be found.
In this case, in addition to the cam 145, there is another cam 161 made integral
therewith and having also three faces, the latter being employed to stop the return
or outward movement of the arm 141 of the line space lever, while the faces of the
other cam are employed simply to effect the raising of the driving-pawl to keep its
operating end normally out of engagement with the ratchet wheel.
The faces 146, 147 and 148 of the cam 145, extend forward of the corresponding
faces of the cam 161 so that they may act upon the downwardly extending arm 144
to raise the driving pawl just before the arm 141 strikes against and is stopped by
the faces of the cam 161.
These two cams 145 and 161 are preferably made of a single piece of sheet metal
as shown, and mounted upon a common arbor which is supported in the standard 152
and provided with flat faces against which a spring 154 may bear to hold the cams
in any position which they may be set.
At the right hand end of the carriage 33, is a depending arm 162, provided with
a hook 163, to which is attached one end of a strap, band or belt 164, which at its
opposite end is connected to a spring-drum 165 arranged at the left hand side of
the machine and at the rear corner thereof. By means of said spring-drum and
band, the carriage and the platen carrier are propelled or driven from right to left
as heretofore.
The advance of the carriage and platen-carrier in this direction, during the time
of writing, takes place with a step-by-step movement due to the presence of the
escapement mechanism herein before described.
As it is frequently desirable to have the carriage and platen-carrier move from
right to left a considerable distance and quickly, means are provided for releasing
the carriage and platen-carrier from engagement with the escapement mechanism
so that the driving power may propel them rapidly towards the left.
On the right hand side bar of the platen-carrier is pivoted at 166 a release key
lever 167, the rear end of which extends back beneath an arm 168, which may be
either on the feed rack 32 or on the bar 46, and whose front end extends forward to
about opposite the front bar of the platen-carrier and is there fashioned into a
finger piece. By depressing the outer end of this lever against the tension of a
returning spring 169, its rear end operates to lift the bar and the feed rack from
contact or engagement respectively with the anti-friction roller 47 and the pinion 31,
so as to permit the driving power to propel the carriage and platen-carrier rapidly
towards the left.
Upon removing the pressure of the finger from said lever the feed rack and bar
return to their first positions and the carriage and platen-carrier are thereby arrested.
This lever 167 is provided near its front end with an offset 170 which extends
inwardly under the right hand side bar of the platen-carrier to a point beneath
a depending arm 171 formed integral with the arm 141 of the line spacing lever.
The arrangement is such that when the carriage has travelled its full distance to
the left, and it is desired to commence a new line, the operation of the line space lever
to rotate the platen, will simultaneously actuate the release key lever 167 and cause
it to disengage the feed rack from its pinion so that the carriage may be returned
to the right to the starting point without moving the pinion, the ratchet wheel, or
the dogs. It will be understood of course, that if on returning the carriage to the
right for the beginning of a new line, the rack is not lifted from engagement with
its pinion, said pinion and ratchet wheel 28 will be rotated causing thereby needless
wear upon the pinion and rack as well as upon the ratchet wheel and yielding dog.
At the upper end of the arm 171 is a tooth 172, which when the line spacing

page_text: lever is operated, strikes against one of the teeth of the platen ratchet wheel 138
and prevents any overthrow of the platen by momentum in case the line space lever
happens to be violently actuated.
At the left hand side of the machine is pivoted at 173, to the side bar 55,
another release key lever 174, which at its rear end also extends beneath an arm
of the feed rack or bar 46, and which at its front end is provided with a finger piece.
This release key lever is more particularly employed in releasing the carriage
from the escapement mechanism to permit the driving power to move the platen-
carrier rapidly towards the left, and its mode of operation upon the feed rack is
substantially the same as that described of the release key at the right hand side of
the machine.
In making out bills, statements of account and the like, or doing what is known as
column or tabular work, considerable time and labor may be saved by the employ-
ment of what is known as a column stop, that is a device which may be adjusted to
different positions and which will arrest the carriage at each line at any predeter-
mined point without consulting or following with the eye the scales provided on the
machine.
At the left hand front corner of the platen-carrier is pivoted at 175 a lever
frame 176, which may be designated a column stop key and which at its under side
is provided with a dog or projection 177, adapted when said frame key is depressed
by its forwardly projecting finger piece to contact with or abut against a pin or
stop 178, set in a hole or perforation 179 in the shift rail 64.
At the left hand end of the column stop key is a finger 180 which overlaps a pro-
jection 181 on the release key lever 167 in a manner such that when the column
stop key is depressed it in turn actuates said release key.
The holes or perforations 179, in the shift rail are preferably graduated or
divided to correspond with the divisions of the machine scales, but in practice, it
has been found sufficient to provide one hole or perforation for every fifth degree
of the scale. These holes or perforations may be numbered to correspond with the
numbering of the scale. In operation, if it be desired to arrest the carriage
positively at say "40" on the machine scale, a pin 178 is put into one of the
holes 179 marked or representing "40." Let it be assumed that at this point a
column of figures is to be commenced. If a bill or statement of account is being
prepared, the writing of the item or charge may be begun at naught or zero on the
scale and may consume say fifteen or more letter spaces. Now, instead of actuating
the space bar key 182, of the machine and feeding the carriage step-by-step to the
point "40" where the figures are to be written, the column stop key is depressed,
the release key actuated and the carriage and platen-carrier freed from the escape-
ment mechanism. With the hand still upon the column stop key, the driving
mechanism of the machine is permitted to draw or pull the carriage and the platen-
carrier to the left until the tooth or dog 177 strikes against the pin or stop 178
when the movement of the parts ceases.
Upon releasing the pressure on the column stop key, it rises to its normal.
position by reason of the presence of a spring 183, and the dog 177 is free to pass
over the top of the pin or stop 178. Hence the writing of the figures may now be
proceeded with. If desired there may be several such pins 178 arranged at various
points to arrest the platen-carrier as many times as may be necessary. Inasmuch
as the dog 177 in its normal position lies above the plane of the pin 178, the carriage
may be fed step-by-step or may travel rapidly its full distance from one end of the
machine to the other without being arrested by the pin when column or tabular
work is not being performed.
The finger 180 merely resting upon the projection 181 permits of the right hand.
release key lever 167 being operated independently of the column stop key. One
great advantage of this column stop mechanism is that when the carriage and the
platen-carrier are released for rapid movement to a pin or stop 178, the hand of
the operator is upon the column stop key (or the platen-carrier) and hence the latter
B

page_text: in its rapid movement is under the complete control of the operator, who may let it
collide with or abut against the stop pin with a gentle force so as not to shock or
unduly jar the machine.
In a bearing 184 on the arm 43 of the carriage 33 is held by a set screw 185, a
rod 186 provided at its right hand end with a bell trip 187 which is pivoted at 188
and adapted to engage at its lower end with a bell hammer arm 189 extending up
through the top plate and pivoted on the under side of the same.
In the move-
ment of the carriage to the left, the bell trip 187 is adapted to vibrate the bell
hammer arm, to raise its hammer end, and then pass off or beyond the same to
permit the hammer to fall and strike against a bell or gong 190 suitably mounted
in the frame work. In moving to the left, the bell-trip works rigidly, but in moving
to the right, or in returning, it swings about its pivot as it passes over the bell
hammer arm to avoid giving an alarm at this time. By means of the set screw 185,
the bell trip rod 186 may be adjusted end wise in its bearing 184 so that the bell-
trip may actuate the hammer at any desired point in the travel of the carriage.
The bell-trip 187 also serves as a carriage-stop, it being arranged to contact with
the bearing 30 of the shaft 29 and arrest the carriage at any desired locality in its
movements to the left.
On the back rod 41 is arranged a marginal stop 191, which by a retaining
screw 192 may be adjusted to any desired place on said rod to arrest the carriage
on its return movement and thus regulate the amount of margin to be given the
paper being written upon.
The paper being written upon is placed upon the roller by passing it down in
front of the deflector 103 until its foremost edge arrives at the line of contact
between the platen and the sectional pressure roller. The platen is then rotated
by means of its hand wheel, and the paper is fed around the under side of the
platen the desired distance, the side edges of the paper being guided by side
guides 134, and the central portion of the paper being guided by the central
guide 137, all three of said guides operating to cause the paper to conform to
the curvature of the platen. The paper having been properly placed in position,
the writing may be proceeded with.
At the end of a line, the carriage is returned to the right, the line spacing
devices actuated, and the platen turned in the proper direction one or more line
spaces, the sectional pressure roller co-acting with the platen to insure a straight or
even feed or delivery of the paper.
The sheet of paper may be withdrawn from the platen at any time by rapidly
turning the platen in either direction. In case an error has been made, which it is
desired to correct in the machine, the paper may be returned by passing it down
in front of the deflector as before. In this case, however, the portion of the sheet
at which the correction is to be made may be readily brought to the printing
or impression point by employing the key or lever 107 on the rocking bar or
rod 104.
If this key or lever is pushed rearwardly at its upper projecting end, the lugs or
fingers on the cross bar bear against the studs 105 on the levers 98 and all sections
of the divided pressure roller are vibrated away from the paper and the latter is
free to be shifted or adjusted on the platen with the utmost care or facility.
At this time it is to be understood that the small rollers 127 at the ends have
been previously moved out of contact with the platen or the paper as represented
by the dotted lines at Figure 24 at which view is shown in dotted lines the opera-
tion of relieving the platen or the paper thereon from the pressure of the divided
feeding roll.
The deflector and the end and middle paper guides being made of polished metal
offer little or no resistance to the adjustment of the paper with the greatest
freedom when the divided roll has been moved away from the platen to the dotted
position shown. Of course the paper may be adjusted at any time upon the
platen in the above manner whether or not a correction is to be made, but the

page_text: devices just referred to will be found especially useful where it is desired to
reinsert a sheet and bring some particular portion thereof exactly at the printing
point.
As before explained, in writing upon cards, heavy paper or in doing manifold
work where it is necessary that the material being used should be held upon the
platen with greater firmness or pressure, or where the writing is to extend down to
the extreme lower edge of the sheet, the small front rollers 127 may be thrown
back into working position as illustrated by the full lines at Figure 24.
The step-
by-step or normal feed or advance of the carriage during the time of writing will be
understood to be as follows :-
:-
If a finger key or space key be operated and the cross bar 13 be pulled down
through the universal bar 11 and connecting rods 12, the spacing rocker 15 will
be vibrated forward to an extent to carry the free engaging end of the dog 18 out
of the plane of the ratchet wheel 28, and to an extent sufficient to carry the free
end of the dog 26 into the plane of said wheel and in front of the same tooth
thereof that the dog 18 stood previous to its forward movement towards the
operator. Immediately the dog 18 is withdrawn from the ratchet wheel it is
vibrated towards the left on its pivot 19, by reason of the pressure or tension of the
spring 20, and moved a distance such that its free end stands in a vertical plane in
rear of the tooth of the ratchet wheel which is arrested when in its normal position
and which tooth is now being held in front by the dog 26. As soon as the spacing
rocker is released, its spring 27 acts to return it and its appendages to their first
position.
The moment the dog 26 in returning leaves the plane of the ratchet wheel or is
freed from its lowermost tooth the carriage driving spring, which is constantly
acting, being relieved of the resistance offered by the dogs, operates to draw the
carriage towards the left, which in thus moving operates in turn through the
rack 32 and pinion 31, to rotate the shaft 29 and the ratchet wheel 28.
When the dog 26 in returning, leaves the ratchet wheel, the dog 18 is carried
back in front of the next succeeding tooth thereof and is moved thereby as the
ratchet wheel turns, until said dog is arrested by coming in contact with its stop
on the spacing rocker. This stoppage of the dog 18 causes a stoppage also of the
ratchet wheel, its shaft, the pinion, the rack, and hence of the carriage and the
platen carrier.
When the parts have come to rest, the two dogs lie in the same vertical plane
and coincident with the vertical axis of the ratchet wheel shaft.
From the above description of the operation, it will be seen that for one complete
back and forth movement of the spacing rocker and its dogs, the ratchet wheel
will be permitted to turn the distance of one tooth or notch and thus the travel or
movement of the paper carriage will be restricted to a similar extent, which is
usually designated as a letter space distance.
When the carriage has travelled thus step-by-step, to the end of the line, (or
before), it may be returned to the right quickly by a pull in that direction. In
returning, the ratchet wheel is of course rotated in the opposite direction, during
which time its teeth ride freely over the end of the yielding dog, its spring-acting
jointed portion 18 yielding as the inclined backs of the teeth of the ratchet wheel
pass over the inclined or beveled end of the portion 18".
During the step-by-step feed of the carriage and during the return of the carriage
to the right, the pinion and rack remain in gear. Of course if the release key is
actuated during the return of the carriage, the rack and pinion are thrown out of
engagement and the ratchet wheel remains at rest.
By carrying the rack bar in front of the guide rail and to the centre of gravity
or inertia of the carriage and platen-carrier, the latter are arrested in less time and
with less rebound or vibration than if the rack were placed at the rear of the
carriage.
Moreover, by this arrangement of the rack and the consequent stoppage of the
carriage and platen-carrier near the centre of inertia, the tendency of the carriages

page_text: to twist when stopped by the dogs is overcome, and thus the grinding action and
wear upon the guide rail of the carriage by the rollers is greatly diminished. By
making the ratchet wheel larger in diameter than the pinion which engages the
rack and turns the shaft, a leverage is gained and the pressure of the ratchet teeth
upon the dogs is consequently reduced proportionately, thereby lessening the
friction between the teeth and the dogs and reducing the amount of resistance to
be overcome by the finger keys, it being understood that the smaller the amount of
friction between the escapement devices, the lighter will be the tension of the
driving spring and the spring 27, which latter has got to be overcome by the
operator every time a finger key or space key is actuated.
The machine is provided with means for automatically shifting the inking ribbon
laterally or widthwise at the time the travel of the ribbon lengthwise is reversed,
for the purpose of bringing into use a new or fresh portion of the ribbon and
preventing the heedless operator from using any one portion or field of the ribbon
for an undue length of time, to the detriment of the ribbon and the quality of the
work being done.
Axially of the shaft of the driving drum 165 is arranged a beveled wheel 193
which carries a ratchet wheel 194, adapted to be acted upon by a driving pawl 195
pivoted to the spring drum, the construction being such, as heretofore in Remington
machines, that when the carriage travels from right to left the said pawl turns said
ratchet wheel and the beveled gear with the drum, and that when the carriage
travels from left to right, the pawl slips idly or inoperatively over the ratchet
wheel and the latter and beveled gear remain stationary. The beveled gear 193 is
in engagement with a beveled gear 196 sleeved on the main shaft 197 which is
adapted to turn in bearings in the frame work.
At the right hand end of said shaft is secured a beveled gear 198 which is
adapted to mesh with a beveled gear 199 on the right hand spool shaft 200, which
is mounted to rotate in bearings in the frame work. On the shaft 197 is secured
another beveled gear 201 which is adapted to engage with a beveled gear 202 on
the left hand spool shaft 203, which is also mounted to rotate in bearings in the
frame work.
A. ribbon spool 204 is applied to the shaft 200, and a similar spool 205 is applied
to the shaft 203.
A wire frame 206 is bent to form a guide and support for the ribbon. The ends
of the wire frame 206 on the right are riveted to a sliding bar 207, and the ends
of the wire frame on the left are riveted to a sliding bar 208, said frame being
constructed to embrace the spool 205. The said bars are formed with slots 209, for
the passage of supporting screws 210, and said bars are connected together to move
in unison by a transverse rock shaft 211 and rocker arms 212, one at each end
of the rock shaft.
The rearmost slot of the sliding bar 208 is slightly wider than the others and
embraces the depending pin 213 fixed to the top plate 2 and provided with a
shoulder to support said bar.
On said pin is pivoted a support or switch 214 which is held from falling by the
head of a vértical screw 215, whose shank engages a threaded hole in the pin.
The said support or switch is formed with a lateral projection 216 to which is
attached by a screw 217, a bifurcated arm 218, which straddles a circumferential
groove 219 formed in the main shaft 197, and the said support or switch is beveled
or chamfered to provide a nose or projection 220, as shown by dotted lines at
Figure 10, with which co-operates a flat spring 221, attached to the frame-work
at 222 and provided with two corrugations 223 and 224 adapted each to fit over
said nose and hold the support 214 in either of the two positions to which it may
be moved. Upon said support 214 is pivoted at 225 a duplex driving pawl, one
end 226 of which is adapted to co-act with a rack 227, on the slide 208, and the
other end 228 of which is adapted to co-operate with another rack 229 also on said
slide, but with its teeth cut or formed in a direction the reverse of those of the
rack 227.

page_text: The duplex pawl is cut away or notched at its inner edge to form two
shoulders 230 and 231, one on either side of the pivot or centre of motion of
the pawl, and with these shoulders is adapted to engage the upwardly extending
end 232 of a trip-piece or a shifter 233, which is curved to pass around the
pivot pin 213 on one side and which at its inner end is E-shaped or formed with
three fat prongs or forks 234, 235 and 236, the forks 234 and 236 being fitted
loosely in under cuts or grooves 237 and 238, in elevated portions 239 of the support,
and the middle fork 235 being formed with an upturned-end 240 against which
bears the free end of a vertically arranged flat spring 241, secured to the support
by a screw 242.
Between the racks 227 and 229 are formed two shoulders 243 and 244 adapted
to contact alternately with the projection 232 and assist in shifting it from one side
to the other to enable the said trip piece to first hold the pawl end 226 in engage-
ment with its rack and then to hold the pawl end 228 in engagement with its rack,
and so on alternately.
The support is provided with a handle 245, and the main shaft 197 is also pro-
vided with a handle 246, by either of which the longitudinal and transverse move-
ments of the ribbon 247 may be effected.
Engaging with the rack 229 is a spring check 248 to prevent any overthrow of
the slide 208 or any accidental movement thereof.
By the construction described, the slide 208 which is connected to both ribbon
spools, is coupled to the main shaft 197 and in a manner such that when said shaft
is moved endwise to reverse the direction of movement of the ribbon lengthwise or
longitudinally said slide is caused to move at right angles to the axis of said shaft
and through its connections move the ribbon widthwise.
By means of the double pawl and rack, the trip piece and the vibratory support
or switch, the slide is caused to move back and forth and impart a step-by-step
reciprocatory movement to the ribbon widthwise, the longitudinal movement of the
ribbon being effected by the gearing employed heretofore.
From what has been said above the following explanation of the mode of
operation of the ribbon movement may be readily understood.
Referring to Figure 13, the set of mitre gears 201 and 202 are in engagement
and by the rotation of the main shaft 197, the counter spool-shaft 203 is turned
and with it the spool 205 in a direction to wind the ribbon thereupon and from
right to left.
When the ribbon has been thus wholly unwound from the spool 204, it may he
reversed or set to wind back upon the said spool by an endwise push on said
shaft 197 to cause the gears 201 and 202 to disengage and the set of gears 198
and 199 to mesh with each other.
During the said movement of said shaft 197, the support or switch 214 is vibrated
by reason of the connecting arm 218.
In this view (Figure 13), the ribbon is shown at the limit of its forward trans-
verse or side throw, and at the next end wise movement of the shaft 197, (to engage
the gears 198 and 199), the pawl 226 is withdrawn from its rack 227 and the
pawl 228 moved into engagement with its rack. This is accomplished by the
spring actuated trip 233, which on account of the contact of the stop or shoulder 243,
is prevented at this time, from moving bodily with the support or switch 214, and
as the latter is moved in the direction of the arrow, the pivot of the duplex pawl
is carried with it and when the centre of said pivot has moved past the projec-
tion 232, the trip piece 233 is left to be swung over independently by the spring 241
(which moves with the support as indicated) so that its projection 232 may engage
the shoulder 231 of the duplex pawl and vibrate the latter about its pivot so as
to throw the pawl 226 out of engagement and the pawl 228 into engagement, as
shown at Figure 12.
When this has taken place the ribbon is caused to move crosswise or trans-
versely rearwardly at every second reversal of the longitudinal motion of the
ribbon

page_text: In practice thus far, the ribbon has been moved crosswise step-by-step four times,
each way, but of course this number may be varied to suit the desires of the
manufacturer or user, by increasing or diminishing the number of teeth of the
racks 227 and 229 and the distance apart of the stops or shoulders 243 and 244.
Referring to Figure 12 it will be seen that the shaft 197 has been moved endwise
and that the gears 198 and 199 are in engagement to wind the ribbon lengthwise
from the spool 205 to the spool 204, and also that the pawl 228 is in engagement
with the rack 229. When the spool 204 has been filled and it is desired to reverse
the direction of movement of the ribbon, the shaft 197 is moved endwise to diş-
connect the gears 198 and 199 and engage the gears 201 and 202 and at the same
time that the support or switch 214 is vibrated in the direction of the arrow,
the pawl 228 is caused to engage another tooth of its rack, so that when the main
shaft and support or switch are again moved in the reverse direction, the said pawl,
carried by the latter, may push the slide 208 the distance of one tooth and through
the described connections move the inking ribbon a like distance in the same
direction.
The slide 208 by means of the rack 229 and pawl 228 is moved rearwardly
intermittently (say four times), until the stop or shoulder 244 on said slide contacts
with said projection 232, when the vibration of the switch 214 in the direction of
the arrow at Figure 12 will carry the centre of the pawl pivot past the said pro-
jection, and allow the trip piece 233 to be vibrated by its spring to throw the pro-
jection 232 against the shoulder 230, to disengage the pawl 228 and engage the
pawl 226 with the outermost or front tooth of the rack 227.
Then as the shaft 197 is moved back and forth end wise to reverse the ribbon,
longitudinally, the slide 208 is moved forward step-by-step and through its con-
nections, the ribbon is moved in the same direction and to the same extent, say the
distance of four notches.
When the pawl 226 and rack 227 are in engagement the ribbon is moved towards
the front of the machine whenever the main shaft 197 is moved towards the left
and when the pawl 228 and rack 229 are in engagement the ribbon is moved towards
the rear whenever the main shaft is moved towards the right.
The corrugation 223 engages the nose 220 when the switch is in the position
shown at Figure 13, and the corrugation 224 embraces the nose 220 when the switch
is in the position shown at Figure 12, and by this construction the switch and its
accessories are properly held against accidental movement while the writing is
taking place.
Ribbons for type-writing machines vary greatly in quality both as to fabric and
ink or coloring matter employed and for these reasons some ribbons are consider-
ably more efficient and durable than others. The purchaser or user of ribbons is
usually however, unable to judge of the superiority of one ribbon over another
and hence frequently buys a ribbon of inferior quality supposing it to be of the
best make. Numerous dealers in type-writer supplies sell such inferior ribbons as
the ribbons made by the manufacturers of the standard machines especially for
their respective machines, to the detriment of the trade of such manufacturers;
and dealers frequently resort to the practice of removing from a wrapper or
package bearing the name or business card of the manufacturer, a standard or
first quality ribbon and substituting therefor a lower grade or poorer quality of
ribbon.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a check to such
fraudulent and dishonest practices and thus afford protection to the standard
manufacturer and to the consumer who is desirous of purchasing only first class
ribbons.
The ribbon spool at the left hand side of the machine is of the ordinary con-
struction, while that at the right hand side of the machine is specially constructed
and arranged as will now be explained.
This ribbon spool or bobbin 204 is arranged within a case or box having a sub-
stantially cylindrical body 249, and cylindrical heads 250 and 251, all of metal.

page_text: The spool 204 is hollow or provided centrally with an opening 252 to enable
the spool to be fitted upon the shaft 200, and the heads 250 and 251 of the box or
case are provided with holes 253 in line with the central opening in the spool to
permit of the case fitting upon said shaft also, and to afford bearings for journals 254
on the ends of the spool 204 so that the spool may rotate freely in the heads of
the case and be held in proper position within said case when detached from the
machine.
The shaft 200 is formed with a longitudinal groove, and the spool 204 is provided
with a radial pin 255 which enters said groove so that the shaft and the spool
may turn at all times together, while when desired the spool may be moved length-
wise of said shaft.
"
The ribbon is fastened at one end upon the spool 204 and then wound upon the
same. The free end of the ribbon passes out through a slot 256 formed by two
cross pins 257 at the ends of the circular body portion 249.
The slot 256 is just wide enough to permit the passage therethrough of the
ribbon, and the free end of the ribbon is provided with hooks 258 or other devices
incapable of passing through said slot and hence of permitting the free end of the
ribbon to accidentally fall or be wound into the casing or box.
The said hooks 258 are, after adjustment of the spool upon its shaft 200, passed
up over the ribbon support on the right, (which does not embrace the spool box or
case), thence across the machine to the opposite spool 205, and are fastened thereto
or to a piece of tape secured upon said spool.
The ends of the pins 257 are slightly longer than the width of the body
portion 249 and pass through holes in the covers or heads 250 and 251.
The body portion 249 is formed around its edge on each side with a series of pins
or studs 259 to also enter coinciding holes in the covers or heads 250 and 251.
The ends of the pins 257 are prolonged and the pins or studs 259 are provided
for the purpose of enabling the covers or heads to be securely riveted to the body
portion 249 after the placement in position within of the spool 204.
In practice, one head is preferably first riveted or secured, then the spool with
the ribbon thereupon is put into the case, passing the leading end of the ribbon
edgewise laterally into the slot 256, and then the other head or cover is riveted
upon the body portion 249.
When the ribbon has been placed within the case or box it cannot be removed
and another ribbon substituted for it without cutting or filing away the heads of the
pins or studs or otherwise destroying the box and presenting some evidence of the
box having been tampered with.
The head or cover 251 is provided with an arm 260 which is connected to the
right hand slide 207 to enable the box and the ribbon spool 204 to move back and
forth with said slide and the ribbon spool 205.
The arm 260 is provided with an eye 261 which passes in between two depending
plates 262, on the under side of the slide, having perforations 263 in line with the
perforation 261 in the arm 260.
On the under side of the slide is also fixed a depending spring 264 provided with
a conical or spherical pin 265 adapted to pass through the opening in one of the
plates 262 and engage the opening 261 in the arm 260 to lock or hold the same
in position, and effect a connection between the box or case and the right hand
slide.
The spherical or conical pin 265 enables the arm 260 to be pushed into the slot
or housing between the plates 262 and automatically locked and also permits it to
be withdrawn or unlocked therefrom without moving the spring 264 laterally by
hand.
The outer end of the shaft 200 terminates at the dotted line 266, so as to leave
sufficient room between it and the frame of the machine for the slipping on endwise
of the spool 204 and its box or casing.
After the spool and box have been slipped upon the shaft 200, the box is turne:1

page_text: by hand until the eye in the arm 260 is sprung into the space between the two
plates 262 and caught by the conical pin or catch 265.
In the positions of the parts at Figure 13 the shaft 197, by the driving mechanism
of the machine, is rotated in the direction of the arrow thereat and the ribbon is
caused to wind upon the left hand spool 205, the spool 204 and the shaft 200 turning
as the ribbon pays or winds off from the last mentioned spool.
If the shaft 197 be moved longitudinally so that the beveled gears 198 and 199
are thrown into engagement, the shaft 200 will be turned and the ribbon wound
lengthwise in the reverse direction or back upon the spool 204.
When the ribbon through usage has become worn or exhausted a fresh or new
ribbon in another box or casing may be substituted in its place, and by reason of
the employment of the boxes this substitution of ribbons may be more con-
veniently effected and with less liability of soiling the hands than heretofore.
The box or case must be held in or on the machine against turning, so as to keep
the slot 256 in proper position at all times to deliver the ribbon in the proper
direction and the attachment of the box may be made either to some stationary
part of the machine or to some part which has only a lateral movement, such for
instance as the slide.
Instead of making the box or cases of metal and riveting on the head or heads,
the boxes or cases may be made of wood, paste-board, celluloid, or other material
and glued or otherwise permanently put together, so as to prevent change of ribbon
without trouble and detection.
In addition to the advantages above alluded to the employment of the boxes
prevents the drying out of the ribbons easily, and also the accumulation of dust
thereon while the ribbons are in stock or on the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage capable of a sliding
movement only, two parallel rails-for guiding said carriage, a platen-carrier
pivotally connected to said carriage, and means for swinging the platen-carrier
about its pivotal connection, to shift the platen from its lower case position to its
upper case position.
2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage capable of a sliding
movement only, guide-rails for said carriage, a rock-shaft mounted in said carriage,
rocker-arms extending upwardly and forwardly from said rock-shaft, and a platen-
carrier hinged freely at its rear side to the upper ends of said rocker-arms, whereby
the platen may be shifted from one printing position to another by the oscillation
of said rock-shaft, and may be turned up for inspection of the work by reason of
the free hinged connection between its carrier and the rocker-arms.
•
3. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage capable of a sliding
movement only, guide-rails for said carriage, a rock-shaft mounted on said carriage
and in front of its guide-rails, rocker-arms extending upwardly and forwardly from
said rock-shaft, a platen-carrier hinged freely at its rear side to the upper ends of
the rocker-arms, and stops or abutments on the carriage to co-operate with the
platen-carrier to limit its shifting movements.
4. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, composed of the
main portion and rearwardly extending arm, two parallel horizontally-arranged
guide-rails, upon one of which the main portion of the carriage runs and upon the
other of which the rearwardly extending arm runs, a rock-shaft mounted on said
carriage and in front of its guide-rails, rocker-arms extending upwardly and
forwardly from said rock-shaft, and a platen-carrier hinged to said rocker-arms.
5. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a carriage having rollers or
wheels and with standards having notched ends, of a guide-rail having depressions
in its ends, and plates secured to said standards and provided with lugs or pins

page_text: which enter the depressions in said guide-rail, whereby the latter is prevented from
moving up or down or longitudinally while, when desired, it may be turned by hand
to bring into use a fresh wearing surface for the wheels of the carriage.
6. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a spring-actuated driving-drum,
a paper-carriage connected to said drum and having a rack, a vibratory dog-holder,
means for actuating said dog-holder through the key levers, the spring actuated
horizontally-pivoted dog 18, the upper portion 18* of which is independently pivoted
and spring-actuated, a rigid dog 26, a ratchet wheel, with which both said dogs
co-operate, secured at one end of a shaft, and a pinion secured at the other end of
said shaft and meshing with said rack on the paper-carriage; substantially as set
forth.
7. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage and with
suitable feed-dogs, of a rack hinged to the paper-carriage, a pinion on one end of a
shaft to engage with said rack, a ratchet wheel on the other end of said shaft to
co-operate with said dogs, and an arm or lever connected to the paper carriage and
to said rack for the purpose of disengaging the latter from its driving pinion;
substantially as set forth.
8. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carriage and with a
rigid dog and a flexible dog, the latter having a spring-pressed jointed portion at
its upper end, of a rack connected to the paper carriage, a shaft mounted in a fixed
bearing, a pinion attached to the inner end of said shaft to engage with the rack,
and a ratchet wheel attached to the outer end of said shaft to co-operate with said
dogs, substantially as set forth.
9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a power-driven carriage, a
shaft arranged at right angles to the path of movement of the carriage, provided
at one end with a ratchet wheel to be engaged by a suitable spacing-dog and
provided at its other end with a pinion and an anti-friction roller, and a feed-rack
and supporting-bar pivotally connected to the carriage and adapted to co-operate
respectively with said pinion and said anti-friction roller.
10. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a sliding
movement only and provided with a firmly mounted paper table or shelf, and a
platen-carrier hinged to said carriage and adapted to be lifted and turned back so
that its platen may rest upon or be supported by said paper table or shelf, to
facilitate erasures.
11. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a sliding
movement only and provided with a firmly mounted paper shelf or table, a platen
carrier hinged to said carriage and adapted to be raised and swung rearwardly so
that its platen may rest upon said paper shelf or table, and means substantially
such as described for holding said platen-carrier at a point between its working
position and that which it is moved to in order to bring the platen against the
paper table or shelf, when inspection or perusal only of the work or writing is
desired.
12. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a shelf or
table, a platen-carrier hinged thereto, a pair of spring plates attached to the carriage,
and a pair of wings or lugs on the platen-carrier adapted to engage therewith to
hold the platen-carrier in a substantially vertical position, the said spring plates being
adapted to be separated by said wings or lugs, to permit the platen-carrier to be
Bwung rearwardly upon the application thereto of the proper degree of force, so
that the platen may be brought down upon and receive the support of the paper
table or shelf.
13. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a guide-rail
therefor, an arm extending rearwardly from the main portion of the carriage, a
guide-rail for said arm, an adjustable rod arranged parallel with and between said
guide-rails, a depending bell-trip arranged at the right hand end of said rod, a bell
hammer arm, and a bell.
14. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen having a ratchet-
wheel, a platen check, and a line space lever carrying a driving-pawl arranged to

page_text: stand normally out of engagement with said ratchet-wheel but adapted when the
line space lever is actuated to move into contact with said ratchet-wheel and rotate
the platen.
15. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen having a ratchet-
wheel, a platen check, a line space lever carrying a driving pawl, and a cam
adapted to hold said driving pawl normally out of engagement with the ratchet
wheel.
16. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen having a ratchet-
wheel, a platen check, a line-space lever, a driving-pawl pivoted to said lever and
having a downwardly projecting arm, and means substantially as described for
regulating the throw of the line space lever and for holding the driving pawl
normally out of engagement with the ratchet wheel.
17. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen having a ratchet
wheel, a platen check, a line-space lever, á driving-pawl pivoted thereto and
having a downwardly projecting arm, and a cam having a series of flat faces
arranged at different distances from its pivot or arbor, adapted to regulate the
throw of the line space lever and to hold the driving pawl normally out of
engagement with the ratchet wheel.
18. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a series of inde-
pendently rotatable feeding rollers on a common shaft or axis, and a pair of
depending arms supporting said shaft or axis at their lower ends and pivoted or
hinged at their upper ends to the platen-carrier.
19. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a pair of spring-
pressed pivoted or hinged depending arms, a pressure roller supported by said arms,
and a transverse rock-shaft provided with devices by which, when said shaft is
turned, said arms may be vibrated and the pressure roller moved away from the
platen or the paper thereon.
20. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a pair of depending
pivoted arms, carrying at their lower ends a feed or pressure roller, a rock-shaft
provided with projections adapted to engage said arms, and a key or finger piece
for turning said rock-shaft.
21. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a pair of depending
arms carrying a feed or pressure roller made up of independently rotatable sections
having a common shaft or axis, and a deflector provided with slots or openings
opposite said roller sections.
22. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a pair of depending
pivoted arms carrying at their lower ends a pressure or feed roller composed of
independently rotatable sections, mounted on a common shaft or axis, a rock-shaft
provided with means for vibrating said arms and moving the roller sections away
from the platen, and a deflector mounted upon said rock-shaft and provided with
slots or openings opposite said roller sections.
23. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen-carrier, a platen, a
bracket or clamp mounted on the front bar of the platen-carrier and a roller
mounted in a frame pivoted or hinged to said bracket or clamp.
24. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen-carrier, a platen, a
bracket or clamp mounted on the front bar of the platen-carrier and provided with
a paper-guide and a small pressure roller, the paper-guide being formed with a slot
opposite said roller.
25. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen-carrier, a platen, a
bracket or clamp adjustable lengthwise of the front bar of the platen-carrier, a
spring-actuated pin or plunger in said bracket or clamp, and a small pressure
roller mounted in a frame pivoted to said bracket or clamp and formed with two
flat faces, so that the spring-actuated pin or plunger may act either to hold the
pressure roller against the platen or the paper thereon or away therefrom as may
be desired.
26. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen carrier, a platen,
and a guide, for the central portion of the sheet to be written upon, consisting of a

page_text: bracket or clamp, a spring actuated fork pivoted thereto and provided with a small
pressure roller and with a short curved, slotted plate attached to the said pivoted
fork, the construction being such that the roller and the lower end of the plate
may be moved away from the platen when inserting a sheet and without lifting the
platen-carrier.
27. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a platen, the
escapement mechanism, the lifting feed-rack, the platen provided with a ratchet
wheel, a line space lever provided with a driving pawl, a release-key lever, pivoted
to the platen-carrier, having one arm extended rearwardly to raise said feed-rack,
and having its other arm extending forwardly to the front of the platen-carrier
and provided with an offset adapted to be engaged by a depending arm on the line
space lever.
28. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carrier, of one
or more column-stops, and a dog to engage the same connected to the paper
carrier.
29. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carrier and its
releasing mechanism, of one or more column-stops, and a key connected to the
paper carriage and carrying a dog to engage said stop or stops.
30. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carrier and its
releasing mechanism, of one or more column-stops, and a lever connected to the
paper-carrier and carrying a stop-dog.
31. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carrier and its
releasing mechanism, of a column stop key mounted on the paper-carrier and one
or more column stops fixed relatively to the paper-carrier.
32. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carrier and its
releasing mechanism, of one or more column stops, and a column stop key
connected to the paper-carrier and arranged in proximity to the carriage
release key.
33. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a paper-carrier and its
releasing mechanism, of one or more column stops, and a column stop key
connected to the paper-carrier and to the release key so that when the column
stop key is actuated it in turn actuates the release key.
34. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a paper-carrier and its
releasing mechanism, of one or more column stops, and a column stop key connected
to the releasing mechanism, the arrangement being such that the column stop key
when actuated operates upon the releasing mechanism while the releasing mechanism
is capable of operation independently of the column stop key.
35. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a paper-carrier, a rod or
support having one or more column stops, and a depressible column stop key connected
to travel with the paper-carrier.
36. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a paper-carrier, a depressible
column stop key connected at the front of said carriage, and a column stop rod
or support mounted in the machine frame in the plane of travel of the column
stop key.
37. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving-power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding end wise
of the same, an inking ribbon, a pair of slides connected to each other and to the
ribbon spools, and connections, substantially as described between one of said slides
and the main shaft, whereby the endwise movements of said shaft may be
transmitted to said slide and the ribbon moved transversely or in the direction of
its width.
38. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving-power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding end wise
of the same, an inking ribbon, a pair of slides connected to each other and to the

page_text: ribbon spools, a rack on one of said slides, a pawl for engaging said rack, and a
switch carrying said pawl and connected to the main shaft.
39. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a driving power, of a main
shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft, two
ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding endwise of the
same, an inking ribbon, a pair of slides connected to each other and to the ribbon
spools, a duplex rack on one of said slides, a duplex pawl for driving said racks,
and a switch carrying said duplex pawl and connected to the main shaft.
40. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding end wise
of the same, an inking ribbon, a pair of slides connected to each other and to the
ribbon spools, a duplex rack on one of said slides, stops or shoulders on said slide, a
duplex pawl for driving said racks, a switch carrying said duplex pawl and
connected to the main shaft, and a spring-actuated shifter for said duplex pawl.
41. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding endwise of
the same, an inking ribbon, a pair of slides connected to each other and to the-
ribbon spools, two racks on one of said slides, stops or shoulders on said slides, two
pawls for driving said racks, a switch carrying said pawls and connected to the
main shaft, and means, substantially as described, for automatically moving said
pawls alternately into and out of engagement with their racks.
42. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding endwise
of the same, an inking-ribbon, a pair of slides connected to each other and to the
ribbon spools, two racks on one of said slides, stops or shoulders on said slide, two
pawls having a common pivot, and a switch carrying said pawls and also a vibratory
spring actuated shifter, and connected to said main shaft.
43. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding endwise
of the same, an inking ribbon, a pair of slides connected to each other and to the
ribbon spools, two racks on one of said slides, a duplex pawl, a switch having a
nose, a spring having two corrugations, and a coupling between said switch and the
main shaft.
44. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a driving power, of a main
shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft, two
ribbon spools capable of turning with their shafts and also of sliding endwise of the
same, an inking ribbon, a pair of slides, connected to each other and to the ribbon
spools, two racks on one of said slides, a spring check for said slide, a duplex pawl,
and a switch connected to the main shaft.
45. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools, an inking ribbon, a slide connected to the inking ribbon, and
means, substantially as described, connected to the main shaft for imparting to said
slide a step-by-step movement.
46. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the driving power, of a
main shaft, two spool shafts adapted to be alternately driven by said main shaft,
two ribbon spools, an inking ribbon, a slide connected to the inking ribbon, a rack
on said slide, a pawl for driving said rack, and a switch carrying said pawl and
connected to the main shaft.
47. A type-writer ribbon on a spool in a case having a slot.
48. The combination of a type-writer ribbon, a spool, and a slotted case, one end
of the ribbon being connected to the spool and the other end being arranged outside

page_text: of the case and provided with means to prevent the same from falling or being
wound into the case.
49. The combination of a type-writer ribbon provided at one end with fastening
devices, a spool to which the opposite end of the ribbon is connected, and a slotted
case enclosing said spool.
50. The combination with a slotted case incapable of being opened without
partial or complete destruction, a spool within said case, and a type-writer ribbon
connected to said spool and adapted to pass out through the slot of said case.
51. The combination with a slotted case having perforated heads, a hollow spool
within said case having journals fitted to the perforations in said heads, and a
type-writer ribbon connected to said spool.
52. The combination of a type-writer ribbon, a spool, and a slotted case provided
with means to enable its attachment to a type-writing machine.
53. The combination of a type-writer ribbon, a spool, and a slotted case com-
posed of a body portion and sides or heads riveted thereto.
54. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a shaft or axle, a slotted case
fitted thereon, a spool bearing a ribbon arranged within said case and adapted to
slide on said shaft and constructed and arranged to rotate within said case.
55. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a shaft or axle, a slotted case
adapted to slide thereon, a spool bearing a ribbon arranged within said case and
also adapted to slide on and turn with said shaft, and means for preventing rotation
of said case.
56. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a shaft or axle having a
groove, a spool bearing a ribbon within a slotted case and provided with a pin to
engage said groove.
57. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a shaft or axle, a spool
bearing a ribbon, a slotted case enclosing the same, and a catch or fastening to
prevent turning of the case.
58. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a shaft or axle, a spool
bearing a ribbon, a slotted case enclosing the same and provided with an arm, and
means on the machine to engage said arm to hold the case in proper position for
the paying out or taking up of the ribbon.
59. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a shaft or axle, a spool
bearing a ribbon, a slotted case enclosing the same, and a slide connected to
said case.
60. The combination, in a type-writing machine, of a shaft or axle, a spool
bearing a ribbon, a slotted case enclosing the same and provided with a perforated
arm, a slide, a depending perforated plate thereon, and a catch-pin.
Dated this 4th day of January 1892.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.