Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar,
1806
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Aug., 1896-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1996
Date of
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Aug., 1896-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1996
Improvements in Typewriting Machines.
A communication from abroad by WYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, of
327 Broadway, New York City, New York, United States of America,
a corporation organized under the laws of the State of New York.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell & James, of 1 Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Chartered Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
ature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present improvements relate more particularly to the typewriting machines
made the subject-matter of my former British Patent No. 25,155 dated Dec. 27,
1894, though some of the improvements may be employed equally well in connection
with machines of different general construction.
The present improvements relate more particularly to means for arresting the
paper carriage and locking the escapement and printing mechanisms at the end of
a line; to means for releasing the paper carriage and the escapement and printing
mechanisms to enable printing to be done beyond the line, after the carriage has
once been stopped and the escapement mechanism and the printing mechanism have
once been locked; to bell or alarm mechanism; to means for arresting the return
movement of the paper carriage at a predetermined margin; to means for enabling
the carriage to pass beyond the predetermined margin in a right hand direction, to
print within the margin and to enable the carriage in its forward movement to
automatically pass by the marginal stop; to an improved construction of margin
stop and line stop and supporting rod or bar therefor; to meane for automatically
moving the inking ribbon crosswise or in the direction of its width; and to means
for automatically reversing the longitudinal travel of the ribbon when the paying
out spool, reel or support becomes exhausted.
The general construction of the typewriting machine, in all respects excepting
those parts to which the improvements made the subject-matter of this application
relate, is or may be substantially similar to that shown and described in my aforesaid
Patent No. 25,155 of 1894.
At the rear side of the machine is a bar or rod preferably rectangular in cross
section and pivotally supported at its ends in uprights or standards on the top
plate, one at the right and the other at the left hand side thereof. This bar is
formed at its rear side with a series of teeth and intermediate notches which may
be equal in number to the teeth of the carriage feed rack and the number of
letter-spaces to which the carriage is susceptible. This bar is preferably graduated
on its upper face or marked with numerals and lines to correspond with the number
of notches or teeth thereon to facilitate the adjustment of the bell actuator liue stop
and line locking device and also the marginal stop device, as well as the extreme
carriage stop at the right hand side, considered from the front of the machine.
This bar has a slight end wise movement upon its pivots or centers for the purpose
of locking the escapement mechanism and through it the printing mechanism at a
predetermined time as will be presently referred to.
Projecting downwardly from said rocking bar is an arm which has a rearwardly
projecting slotted portion which engages with an upright projection which slides in
a slot in the top plate, the said projection being at the rear end of a push-rod which
is suitably supported under the top plate at the left hand side and projects slightly
beyond the front edge of said top plate, where it is provided with a head or button.

page_text: Surrounding said rod is a coiled spring for returning it and the rocking bar which
is connected thereto, as above explained.
The device which is provided to arrest the forward movement of the carriage
and at the same time by the power of the carriage driving spring to communicate
end wise movement to the rocking bar, to lock the escapement mechanism, performs
also a function in the alarm or bell mechanism which will hereinafter be referred
to. I shall describe at this time more particularly the carriage arresting and line
locking functions of the device, which generally is an oblong box-like structure
surrounding or embracing the rocking bar and provided with a spring tooth or dog
adapted to engage any of the notches on said bar. A cam, eccentric, or the like
having a handle portion is pivoted on or in said device to enable the dog or detent
to be withdrawn from the notch by either right or left hand movement of the hand
piece or lever, in order that the locking device, box, collar or slide, may be adjusted
to any desired point on said bar. On the inner side preferably of said sliding box
or device is mounted an index or pointer which co-operates with the scale or series
of graduations on the upper side of said bar to facilitate the adjustments of the
device. At the locality of the said pointer and on the right hand side thereof,
preferably, is a lug or abutment which is adapted to receive a projection at the
lower free end of a pendent arm or plate secured on the rear end of a long pivot
or rock shaft, arranged on the carriage at right angles to the rocking bar and.
provided with a weighted arm, which tends to maintain the said pendent plate or
arin in a substantially vertical position. Surrounding said pivot or rock shaft is a
small coiled spring attached at one end to a collar on said shaft and at its other
end to another collar on said shaft, and the spring at this end is prolonged and
made straight so that in the normal position of the pendent plate or. arm the
straight extremity of the spring bears against a portion of the carriage. This
spring acts against the weighted arm to move the pendent projection slightly.
forward when the carriage arresting and line locking mechanism is released.
On the underside of the rocking bar at a point slightly on the right of the
escapement mechanism is a downwardly projecting pin which rests in contact with:
a forwardly extending pin or projection on a rocker arm which has a pivot mounted
or fixed in a suitable bearing on the top plate, and extending transversely under
the rocking bar.
There is also mounted on said fixed pivot, at its rearmost cud, an arm which
projects towards the left, and which by an integral member or bar is connected to
the aforesaid rocker arm. The said rear arm which projects towards the left is
adapted to enter a notch in the dog holder or rocker and thereby prevent the
latter from oscillating and the printing mechanism or type bars connected thereto.
(through the universal bar and key levers as customary) from printing or being.
lifted to an extent sufficient to enable the impression of the type to be made on the
paper, in case the key levers be struck after the arm has entered the notch in the
dog holder or rocker. This locking is effected in the following manner: When;
the projection on the pendent arm or plate strikes the lug or abutment on the box or
collar on the rocking bar the said bar is caused to move end wise towards the left:
for a short distance as above explained, and in moving in this direction the pin
on the under side of said bar bearing against the pin on the rocker arm on the.
framework operates to rock said arm and cause the rear horizontally-arranged
leftward projecting arm to descend far enough to enable its free end to engage.
with the notch in the dog rocker. A small spiral or other spring is employed to
restore the rocker arm and the arm which locks the dog rocker (or the frame
comprising these two devices) when the line locking projections or lugs are-
separated and the rocking bar is permitted to slide. back to its normal position,
which it does under the influence of the same spring which restores the rocker arm
and locking arm to their normal positions.
From what has been said above it will, of course be understood that when the.
carriage has been arrested and the dog rocker locked the carriage may either be
returned for the beginning of a new line or the rocking bar may be tilted to enable.

page_text: the pendent projection to step over the lug on the rocking bar to permit several
more characters to be printed on the line. The locking of the dog rocker may be
effected at or during the first half of the letter space movement, the remaining half
of the letter space movement being permitted by reason of the capacity of the
pendent projection to yield under the superior power of the carriage driving spring.
On releasing the dog rocker by tilting the rocking bar the latter is moved back
towards the right and the pendent projection is vibrated slightly towards the left
by its coiled spring, thereby insuring the pendent projection riding over the top of
the lug of abutment on the rocking bar and hence preventing any re-engagement
or relocking of these devices which would interfere with the further progress of
the carriage.
The pendent projection is made to yield towards the right for a further reason,
namely; to enable the carriage to be run swiftly from one end of its travel to the
other if desired when the release key is pressed upon and the parts of the escapement
mechanism of the carriage are separated or disengaged. If the said pendent
projection were not adapted to yielding this way when it should strike the lug on
the rocking bar it would arrest the carriage suddenly
or strain some of the parts, if the carriage were permitted to run down swiftly
or violently and would break
under the unrestrained influence of the carriage driving spring. In other words,
if this pendent projection were made rigid instead of yielding during a swift
movement of the carriage and a sudden arrest thereof, the dog rocker locking
devices which are small and delicate, would be severely strained if not injured at
the time of the sudden stoppage of the carriage, if at that moment the dog rocker
were in a forward position and the locking arm were brought down upon the top
of the dog rocker instead of into the notch thereof. By making the pendent
projection yielding when it strikes the lug on the rocker bar, during
continuous movement of the carriage it is tilted thereby against the tension of its
a swift
coiled spring and it creeps up and rides over the top of said lug and passes by the
same, after which the spring restores it to normal position. When the pendent
projection has passed by the lug on the rocker bar in any case and the carriage is
returned, the right hand side of the pendent projection strikes against the left hand
side of the lug on the rocker bar and the pendent projection is tilted in the reverse
direction to enable it to pass by said lug, whereupon the weight attached to said
projection restores it to its normal position.
I shall now describe the action of the pendent projection with reference to the
bell mechanism. On the slide or collar which bears the locking lug and in
advance of the same or on the right hand side thereof but in the same vertical
plane is formed or provided an extension or ledge which is inclined or beveled
downwardly slightly from its left hand edge. When the pendent projection arrives
at this inclined ledge it operates to gradually depress the same and thereby tilt
the rocking bar and raise the bell hammer arm which is fastened on the underside
of said bar. By the time the carriage has made about seven letter space movements
while the pendent projection is in contact with the ledge the projection has tilted
he rocking bar to the required extent, and it then passes out of contact with the
edge, thereby releasing the rocking bar and enabling it to return to its normal
position under the action of its restoring spring, during which movement the free
nd of the bell hammer arm strikes the bell, which is preferably located on the
xis of the spring driving drum, and may constitute a handle or knob whereby the
arriage driving spring is tightened or increased in teusion. After the tripping of
he rocking bar and the ringing of the bell the pendent projection may pass on to
he rocking lug or abutment aforesaid, and preferably said lug is located a
istance of about six letter spaces from the left hand end of the inclined ledge.
During the return movement of the carriage for the beginning of a new line the
endent projection first strikes the vertical end of the inclined ledge and is tilted
hereby to enable the proper recession of the carriage. On passing off the ledge
the return movement the pendent projection is restored to its normal vertical
sition by the weight aforesaid.

page_text: I shall now describe the marginal devices. The adjustable margin stop collar or
device is substantially the same in construction as the line locking contact device
before described. It is provided with a pointer or index, to facilitate the setting
or adjustment of the collar or stop, and with a spring actuated detent and cam
releasing lever. It is also provided with an upright projection or horn which is
adapted to stop the return movement of the carriage. Any suitable part of the
carriage may be arranged to contact with said projection but preferably I have
arranged to have the arm which extends rearwardly from the feed rack come in
contact with said upright born to arrest the carriage and in substantially the
manner set forth in my aforesaid patent. The said horn being mounted upon the
rocker bar by means of the sliding collar and being arranged on the front side of
said bar is adapted to be depressed by the tilting of said bar to a plane below that
in which the arm on the carriage travels, so that after the carriage has been arrested
on its return movement at the predetermined marginal point the carriage may be
moved still farther in the same direction for printing within the margin, assuming,
of course, that the marginal stop or horn is not set in its extreme right hand
position. On the forward movement of the carriage during the process of writing
the said upright projection or horn is automatically depressed again to enable the
arm projecting from the feed rack to pass by it; which may be accomplished in
several ways, but preferably I provide a notch or groove in the carriage arm which
extends back to the rear guide rail and also bevel or incline the upper free end of
the said upright projection or horn from left to right.
The said carriage arm being in advance of the feed rack arm, when the notch
or groove in the form comes in to register with the beveled end of the projection
or horn it works along in contact therewith and gradually forces it down to a
plane or position below that of the feed rack arm, so that the latter may pass by
said horn or projection. The feed rack arm is preferably located nearly a quarter of
an inch to the right of the carriage arm, but the horn or projection is of a slightly
greater width and the distance between these two parts so that when it is released
by the carriage arm-it at once strikes the feed rack arm on its lower edge, which
is beveled preferably, and hence the said projection or horn is prevented from
going back to its first or normal position until the feed rack arm has likewise
passed beyond it or to the left.
In addition to the adjustable margin stop with the horn just above described,
there, is provided also a final marginal or carriage stop which is also adjustable
upon the rocker bar. This stop is provided with a pin which is adapted to abut
against the right hand top plate standard and it is also provided on its left hand
side with an arm or projection against the vertical face of which the feed rack arm
may contact to stop the carriage if the carriage be returned past the first marginal
stop. This arm or projection on the final stop is arranged at such an elevation so
that the root of the horn projection on the first marginal stop may pass thereunder,
so that the vertical edges of both marginal stops may be brought in the same
vertical plane at right angles to the rocker bar, in order that the machine may be
used if desired, as if there were only one marginal stop.
1 shall now describe the ribbon moving mechanism. The ribbon is moved
lengthwise or from one spool to another by substantially the same means and in
substantially the same manner as in the usual Remington machine, and substantially
as in my former patent. In the present ease, however, novel means are provided
for moving the ribbon crosswise or widthwise, and novel means are also
provided for automatically reversing the longitudinal travel of the ribbon.
Upon the fixed pivot or stud of the spring drum is mounted a beveled gear and
ratchet wheel which are united to turn together. A pawl, pivoted on the spring drum
takes into said ratchet wheel and turns it and the beveled gear during the forward
movement of the carriage, but slips idly over said ratchet wheel during the return
movement of the carriage. The said beveled gear meshes with another beveled
or miter gear fixed upon a sleeve which has a bearing in a hanger or support
depending from the top plate and which sleeve at its opposite end is provided with

page_text: a crank arm that has a pin projecting towards the right. This pin enters a hole
in another crank arm, which by means of a collar and set screw is made fast to a
long power shaft arranged at the rear of the machine and extending transversely
thereof. This shaft passes through the said sleeve and through the beveled gear
thereon and takes a bearing in said sleeve and in other supports or hangers, and by
means of the crank arms and connecting pin, which is elongated, the rotation of
the beveled gear on the sleeve is transmitted to the said long power shaft, while at
the same time the said shaft is capable of longitudinal or end wise sliding movements
without losing its connection with the driving, beveled gear on the sleeve. At the
near right-hand end of the said long shaft is a beveled pinion which is adaptei to
engage with and disengage from a larger beveled gear on the right hand ribbon
spool shaft, and at near the left hand end of said long shaft is a like beveled
pinion adapted to engage with and disengage from a like larger beveled gear on
the left hand ribbon spool shaft. By means of these two pairs of beveled wheels
either ribbon spool shaft may be rotated by the power transmitted from the spring
driving drum and hence the ribbon may be moved longitudinally by winding on
either spool in one direction or another according to which pair of gears is in
engagement. Each ribbon spool shaft is adapted to tura in suitable haugers or
supports depending from the top plate, and on each shaft is mounted to rotate there
with a ribbon spool or reel.
I shall now describe the menus whereby the ribbon is automatically reversed..
Each spool body is formed with a longitudinal slot and the rear head or dange
of each spool is formed with an opening or cutaway in line with said alot. A
collar is secured to the spool-shaft at or near the back rear bearing thereof.
On this collar is pivotally secured a lever or arm which is heavy or weighted and
which extends through the opening, or cutaway in the flange and into the longi-
tudinal slot in the spool, which slot is parallel with the spool axle and is of a depth
sufficient to accommodate the said weighted arm. A hole is formed centrally in
the rear portion of the spool shaft which is connected with a slot or cutaway in the
shaft. In this hole works a pin having one end bent outwardly or laterally to
engage with an aperture in the weighted arm or lever. That portion of the pin
which is arranged within the hole at the center of the shaft extends rearwardly
to about the end of the shaft, when the weighted arm or lever is within the slot
in the spool. Opposite the end of the spool shaft and on the long power shaft is
secured a collar provided with a worm adapted to co-act with the pin in the spool
shaft, as will presently be described. As before explained, the long power shaft
is adapted to play end wise a limited distance. This distance is governed by a spring
controlled arm at the left hand end of the shaft which is preferably provided with
a handle. The spring-controlled arm works on a vertical pivot on the frame-work
and is extended forwardly and provided at its free end with a downwardly
extending portion or finger which engages a circumferential groove in the long
power shaft. In the rear of this finger the said arm carries a small anti-friction
roller mounted to turn on a vertical pivot and adapted to be seated in either of
two V-shaped notches formed at the forward end of a T-shaped pin adapted to
slide in a bearing in the frame-work and provided with a spring having a tendency
to keep the T-shaped pin pressed forward and its head pressed against the anti-
friction ruller on the vibratory arm which connects with the power shaft, whereby
the power shaft is adapted to be held in either of its two end wise positions and
whereby it is adapted to be automatically moved end wise in either direction by
means of the pins and the worms hereinbefore referred to..
The action or mode of operation of the reversing mechanism is as follows:
When. the ribbon has been entirely unwound from either spool and the slot
therein is turned to or comes on the underside of the spool shaft the weighted
arm or lever falls out of said slot, and. the motion of said lever is communicated
to the sliding pin at the center of the spool shaft and the rear free end of said pin,
which normally stands about flush with the end of the spool shaft, is projected
slightly beyond the same and into engagement with its associated worm on the

page_text: power shaft, which is constantly rotating during the forward movements of the
paper carriage. By the said engagement of the pin and worm the shaft is caused
to move endwise the required distance to disengage one set of the spool driving
gears and engage the other set; in other words, the two gears which were
operating together to wind the ribbon upon their associated spool are separated and
the other two gears which were out of engagement at this time are automatically
brought into mesh, so as to thereafter cause their associated spool to beco:ne the
winding spool, and thus the longitudinal movement of travel of the ribbon is
automatically reversed. This automatic reversal takes place every time either
paying out spool becomes exhausted and when the weighted arin or lever thereof
may drop or descend to move its worm-engaging pin. It will, of course, be
understood that immediately the reversing action has taken place and the ribbon
commences to wind upon the empty spool, the weighted arm or lever, being
attached to the ribbon spool shaft, gradually ascends, as said shaft and its spool
are rotated, and when the weight has been carried up past the horizontal center
of said shaft it falls by gravity into the slot in the spool, and before the said lever
can travel around on the opposite side of said shaft to a position where it might
again fall out of said slot, the first coil of the ribbon passes over said slot and thus
holds the lever therein. Hence by the wrapping of the ribbon over the slot the
lever is retained securely in the slot and out of operative position during the
charging or rewinding of its spool.
While I prefer the weighted arin or lever or an arm or lever of such weight as
will enable it to readily and quickly drop out of and into the slot in the spool as
required it will be understood that a non-weighted or like lever or arm provided
with a spring for throwing the arm or lever out of the slot may be employed
instead, but in this case the arm or lever would be returned to the slot not by
gravity or by the spring, but by the first coil or fold of the ribbon whose tension
or strain would be sufficient to overcome the light spring required.
The spring-controlled arm employed in connection with the longitudinal shifting
power shaft is so arranged and operated as that said shaft may be moved endwise
through the pins and worms before described with very little friction and under
an exceedingly slight force. Between the two notches in which the anti-friction
roller is adapted to seat are two oppositely beveled or inclined surfaces which the
anti-friction roller is adapted to ride upon and easily wedge or force the spring
actuated T-shaped pin backwardly to permit the arm carrying the power shaft to
vibrate, and when the center of the said anti-friction roller has passed over the
top of the inclined surface the coiled spring on the T-shaped pin forces the pin
outwardly and the other or oppositely inclined surface forces or wedges the said
roller down its incline and thus completes the shifting or endwise movement of the
shaft and holds the anti-friction roller at the bottom of the notch.
I shall now describe a modification of the means employed for automatically
reversing the longitudinal travel of the ribbon. In this case the beveled gears
which drive the ribbon spool shafts alternately are shifted end wise without at the
same time shifting the power shaft end wise as before, the power shaft in this case
having simply a rotary movement. In this movement the bevel pinion on the
right hand side of the machine is formed integral with a hub on its inner side and
with a sleeve on its outer side and the power shaft passes through the said
beveled pinion and hub and sleeve. The sleeve carries the right hand worm and
the hub is slotted longitudinally on diametrically opposite sides to receive two
forks or projections extending outwardly from a collar which is fixed upon the
power shaft. The power shaft is slotted or grooved longitudinally for nearly its
entire length and in said groove for a portion of its length lies a slender wire rod
which at its right hand end is bent laterally or radially and connects with the
hub of the beveled pinion just referred to, while at its left hand end the said wire
rod is likewise provided with a radial bend which engages with the hub of the
left hand beveled pinion, which is likewise formed integral with said hub and with
a sleeve bearing a worm, the said hub being also slotted on opposite sides to

page_text: co-operate with similar arms or projections extending outwardly from a collar-
secured by a set screw to the power shaft. The left hand combined pinion, sleeve.
and worm is formed or provided at its outer end with two circular notches and
two intermediate oppositely inclined surfaces. Beyond sail sleeve and nearer the
left hand end of the power shaft and attached to the latter by a set screw, is a
collar which is provided with two spring-actuated arms or levers arranged.
diametrically opposite each other, and at the inner free ends of each said levers.
is mounted a small anti-friction roller adapted to the circular notches referred to.
Outside of the collar bearing the roller-arms is still another collar which is
loosely mounted upon the power shaft and said collar is connected by a wire, such
as before described, to the left hand sleeve bearing the pinion, worm and double-
inclined portions. All of the parts mounted upon the shaft for longitudinal move-
ment turn always with the shaft. Assuming that the right hand pinion is in
engagement with its spool shaft gear to turn the right hand ribbon spool and.
wind the ribbon thereupon, when the left hand spool has discharged all of its
ribbon the weighted arm or lever causes its sliding pin to engage with the left"
hand worm and by such engagement the worm is moved towards the left, thereby
forcing its sleeve pinion and double incline in the same direction, and owing to
the connection between the left hand sleeve and the right hand sleeve the latter
is simultaneously moved in the same direction and the engagement of the pinions
is reversed. During this shifting movement of the parts, the spring-pressed
rollers, which remain relatively stationary, are forced apart by the outermost
incline and after the centers of the rollers have passed by the highest portion of
the incline, they cause the sleeves and their adjuncts to move farther towards the
left and sufficiently to complete the shifting movement and bring the left hand
pinion positively and fully into engagement with the gear on its associated ribbon
spool shaft, so that the left hand spool may thereafter become the winding spool.
When this spool is full the reverse action again takes place. The loose collar, on.
the left hand end of the power shaft, which is connected to the left hand sleeve is
provided more especially to enable the shifting movements to be effected by hand
instead of automatically, if desired; which hand shift, it will be understood may
also be readily effected by moving the shaft itself end wise in the construction first
above described.
I shall now describe the means whereby the inking ribbon is fed crosswise.
On the ratchet wheel which is driven by the pawl on the spring drum is a pin
which nets to lift the end of a lever carrying a pawl adapted to net on a ratchet
wheel fixed on a horizontal shaft which carries a worm that is in engagement with
a worm wheel on a vertical shaft. At the upper end of the vertical worm wheel.
shaft is secured a heart-shaped cam having one half smooth or of uniform rise, and
the other half formed with a series of six more or less descending steps. But if
desired a cam smooth and of uniform rise on both sides may be employed instead.
The said heart-shaped cam acts on the short arm of a bell-crank or lever which
may be provided with an anti-friction roller. The said lever has a vertical pivot,
depending from the top plate and the inner end of the longer arm of said lever is
pivotally attached to the rear end of a ribbon frame or ribbon spool carrier. To'
the opposite end of said ribbon spool carrier is pivotally attached the inner end of
another link or lever, which at its outer end is pivoted upon a depending screw
from the top plate. This link or lever is provided with a spring which acts to
move the ribbon carrier or frame rearwardly, or in other words, said spring acts
against the cam. The ribbon carrier or frame is provided with depending arms
which embrace the heads of the spool on the left hand side of the machine, so that
when the ribbon carrier is moved in one direction by the cam and in the other
direction by the spring the ribbon spool and ribbon are caused to move in unison
therewith. Attached to the upper end of this ribbon spool carrer is a ribbon
guide, plate, or arm quite similar to that shown in my aforesaid patent, and its
right hand end is provided with two downwardly extending fingers to embrace the
beads or flanges of the right hand spool.

page_text: In operation, when the pin on the ratchet wheel raises the pawl-carrying lever,
the pawl is vibrated to turn the ratchet wheel and worm, worm wheel and heart-
shaped cam and the latter acting on the bell-crank lever or link, the ribbon
carriers, ribbon spools, and ribbon are moved forward or towards the operator, but
very slowly. When the ribbon has been moved substantially its whole width in a
forward direction it then travels rearwardly under the action of the spring
described. The cam movement is intermittent, and the movements take place at
comparatively long intervals apart, and these cam movements when effected are so
exceedingly small that the ribbon movement effected thereby is likewise extremely
slight.
In lieu of moving the ribbon carrier on the left hand side by means of the levers
or links it may be moved by a sliding rod bearing a pin for the cam to work
against in one direction, and a spring to work the rod against the cam in the other
direction. Connected to or formed integral with said rod is a parallel rod or bar
to which the ribbon carrier may be attached.
Dated this 30th day of March 1896.
TAVIAN
FELL & JAMES
Agents for the Applicant.
A communication from abroad by WYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, of
No. 327 Broadway, New York City, New York, in the United States of
America, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of New
York.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell & James, of No. 1 Queen
Victoria Street, in the City of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The present improvements relate more particularly to the typewriting machines
made the subject-matter of our former British Patent No. 25,155, dated Dec. 27,
1894, although some of the improvements may be employed equally well in
connection with machines of different general construction.
The present improvements have reference more particularly to
arresting the paper carriage and locking the escapement and printing mechanisms
at the end of a line; to means for releasing the paper carriage and the escapement
and printing mechanisms to enable printing to be done beyond the line after the
carriage has once been stopped and the escapement and printing mechanisms have
once been locked; to bell or alarm mechanism; to means for arresting the return
movement of the paper carriage at a predetermined margin; to meaus for enabling
the carriage to pass beyond predetermined margins in a right hand direction, so
that printing may be done within the margin and for enabling the carriage in its
forward movement to automatically pass by the margin stop; to an improved
construction of margin stop and line stop and supporting rod or bar therefor; to
means for automatically moving the inking ribbon crosswise or in the direction of
its width; and to means for automatically reversing the longitudinal travel of the
ribbon when the paying out spool, reel, or support becomes exhausted.
The general construction of the typewriting machine, in all respects excepting
those parts to which the improvements made the subject-matter of this application
relate, is or may be substantially similar to that shown and described in the
aforesaid Patent No. 25,155 of 1894.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machine showing particularly the means for
arresting the paper carriage and locking the printing and escapement mechanisms
at the end of a predetermined line, also the means for releasing the paper carriage
and the escapement and printing mechanisms to enable printing to be done beyond
the line; also the bell or alarm mechanism; also the means for arresting the
return movement of the paper carriage at a predetermined margin; and also the
means for enabling the paper carriage to pass beyond the said arresting point so that
printing may be done within the margin, etc.
Figure 2 is a rear view of the machine as shown at Figure 1, the type bars, key-
levers, etc. being omitted to avoid complication and enable the parts to be exhibited
on a larger scale.
Figure 3 is a left-hand end view of the said machine.
Figure 4 is a detail sectional end view to illustrate more especially the bell
mechanism.
Figure 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the rocking rod or bar with its
marginal stops, bell hammer, etc., and showing also a part of the escapement
mechanism.
Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional plan view of the left-hand adjustable collar or
slide.
Figure 7 is a vertical section on the line z, z, of Figures 1 and 2, but with
the sliding push rod which is connected to the rocking bar added in dotted lines.
Figure 8 is a vertical section on the line y, y, of Figure 5.
Figure 9 is an enlarged front sectional elevation in the plane a, a, of Figure 3.
Figure 10 is an enlarged detail view of a rocking bar, its slide or collar, and
swinging plate or actuator.
Figure 11 is an enlarged perspective view showing the mode of constructing and
mounting the actuating plate.
Figure 12 is a top plan view showing particularly the ribbon moving and
reversing mechanisms.
Figure 13 is a top plan detail view of the frame or device for moving the left-
hand ribbon spool on its shaft.
Figure 14 is an elevation taken from the left-hand side of the machine, and with
the top plate broken away to more particularly disclose the ribbon moving
mechanism.
Figure 15 is a vertical section taken at the line w, w, of Figures 12 and 14,
to shown more particularly devices employed in the mechanism for moving the
ribbon transversely.
Figure 16 is a detail plan view of the cam forming a part of the last mentioned
mechanism.
Figure 17 is an enlarged vertical view taken at the line v. v, of Figure 14.
Figure 18 is a top plan view showing more particularly the ribbon moving
and reversing mechanisms carried out under a modification of some of the
devices.
Figure 19 is a detail plan view of the slide for moving the left-hand ribbon spool,
employed in the construction shown in Figure 18.
Figure 20 is a vertical section taken at the line u, u, of Figure 18.
Figure 21 is a like section taken at the line t, t, of Figure 18.
Figure 22 is a perspective view showing the left-hand ribbon spool fork or
moving device, and showing also the left-hand end of the ribbon plate which is
separably attached to a bar forming a part of said fork.
Figure 23 is a vertical section taken at the line 8, 8, of Figure 20:
Figure 24 is a left-hand elevation partly in section of the machine illustrated at
Figure 18.
.
Figure 25 is a horizontal section taken at the line r, r, of Figure 24.
Figure 26 is a vertical section of the ribbon moving and reversing mechanisms.
Figure 27 is a perspective view of the reversing lever and its pin.

page_text: Figure 28 is a detail perspective view of the T-shaped holding.or
or device, shown also at Figure 25.
latching pin
Figure 29 is a. sectional rear elevation of a modification of the means for
reversing the spool driving gears.
Figure 30 is a cross section on the line q, q, of Figure 29.
Figure 31 is a cross section on the line p, p, of Figure 29.
In the various views the same parts will be found designated by the same
numerals of reference.
At the rear side of the machine is a bar or rod 1, preferably rectangular in cross
section and pivotally supported at its ends in uprights or standards 2 on the top-
plate 3, one at the right and the other at the left-hand side thereof. The pivots of
the bars are made in the form of screws 4, having plain or unthreaded ends 5 which
enter plain holes in the ends of the bar or rod 1, the threaded. portions screwing
into threaded holes in the standards. This bar is formed at its rear side with a
series of teeth 6, forming a series of intermediate notches which may be equal in
number to the teeth, and notches of the carriage feed rack 7, and the number of
letter spaces to which the carriage 8 is susceptible. The said bar is preferably
graduated on its upper face or marked with numerals and lines to correspond with
the number of rotches or teeth thereon to facilitate the adjustment of the various
devices movably mounted thereupon.
The said bar has a slight end wise movement upon its pivots or centers for the
purpose of locking the escapement mechanism and through it the printing
mechanism at a predetermined time, as will be presently referred to.
Projecting downwardly from said rocking and end wise moving bar is an arm 9
which has a rearwardly extended portion 10 which is slotted at and which engages
with an upright projection 11 that slides in a slot in the top-plate, the said
projection being at the rear end of a push rod 12, which is suitably supported by
-bearings 13 under the top-plate at the left-hand side and projects slightly beyond
the front edge of said top-plate where it is provided with a head or button 14.
Surrounding said push rod is a coiled spring 15, for returning it and the rocking
bar 1 which is connected thereto as above explained.
The device which is provided to arrest the forward movement of the carriage,
and at the same time by the power of the carriage driving spring in the drum or
holder 16, to communicate endwise movement to the rocking bar 1 to lock the
escapement mechanism, performs also a function in the alarm or bell mechanism
which will hereinafter be referred to.
We shall describe at this time more particularly the carriage arresting and line
locking functions of the device, which generally is an oblong box-like structure 17
surrounding or embracing the rocking bar and provided with a spring tooth or
dog 18 adapted to engage any of the notches on said bar. The said dog is formed
at one end of a lever 19 pivoted at 20.within the box and provided at its opposite
end with a coiled spring 21 adapted to maintain the dog in engagement with a
notch on the rocking bar.
A cam, eccentric, or the like 22 having a handle portion 23 is pivoted on or in
said device 17 to enable the dog or detent to be withdrawn froin, the, notch by
either a right or left-hand movement of, the hand-piece or lever, in order that. the
locking device, box, collar or slide 17 may be adjusted or moved to any desired
point on said bar. The cam. or the like may, as shown at Figure 6, consist of a
vertical pivot having one flat side to co-act with the lever 19. From this
construction it will be seen that when the handle 23 is turned in either
direction the lever 19 is forced outwardly and the dog is withdrawn from, the
notch. When the handle is released the spring 21 forces the dog into
re-engagement with the rocking bar.
By reason of the stops or shoulders 24 formed by the notch or cut in the top of
the block or slide the lever has a limited notion in each direction and hence
caunot be moved to such an extent that the dog may be permanently locked out of
engaging action.

page_text: On the inner side preferably of said sliding box or device is mounted an index
or pointer 25 which co-operates with the scale or graduations on the upper side of
said bar to facilitate the adjustments of the device. At the locality of said pointer
and on the right-hand side thereof preferably is a lug or abutment 26, which is
adapted to receive a projection 27 at the lower free end of a pendent arm or
plate 28, secured on the rear end of a long pivot or rock shaft 29, arranged on the
carriage at right angles to the rocking bar and provided with an arm 30 to which
is attached an adjustable weight 31, which tends to maintain the said pendent
plate or arm in a substantially vertical position. The said rock shaft 29 is
supported at its outer or rearmost end in a lug 32 on the left-hand side of the
rearwardly projecting carriage arm 33, which is forked at its extremity to embrace
a collar 34 that slides on a guide rod 35, and the inner or forward end of said rock
shaft takes a bearing in the carriage 8. Surrounding said pivot or rock shaft is a
small coiled spring 36 attached at one end to a collar 37 on said shaft, and at its
other end to another collar 38 also on said shaft, and the spring at its latter end is
prolonged and made straight as at 39, so that in the normal position of the pendent
arm or plate 28 the extremity of the straight part of the spring bears against the
side of the carriage arm 33. This spring acts against the weighted arm to move
the pendent projection slightly forward when the carriage arresting and line-locking
mechanism is released.
On the underside of the rocking bar 1 at a point slightly on the right of the
escapement mechanism is a downwardly projecting pin 40 which resta in contact
with a forwardly extending pin or projection 41 on a rocker arm 42 which has a
pivot 43 mounted or fixed in a suitable bearing 44 on the top-plate 3. There is
also mounted on said fixed pivot 43 at its rearmost end an arm 45 which projects
towards the left (viewed from the front of the machine) and which by an integral
member or bar 46 is connected to the aforesaid rocker arm 42. The said arm 45
is adapted to enter a notch in the dog-holder or rocker, and thereby prevent the
Intter from oscillating and the printing mechanism or type bars connected thereto
(through the universal bar and the key levers as customary) from being printed or
being lifted to an extent sufficient to enable the impression of the type to be made
on the paper, in case the key levers are struck after the arm has entered the notch
in the dog-holder or rocker. This notch is formed by providing a flange or
projection 47 at the rear edge of the rigid escapement dog 48, which is attached to
and forms a part of the usual rocker arm 49, and which rocker also carries the
pivoted or yielding escapement dog 50.
The lucking of the escapement is effected in the following manner :-
When the projection 27 on the pendent arm or plate 28 strikes the lug 26 on the
box or collar on the locking bar, the said bar is caused to move end wise towards
the left for a short distance as above explained, and in moving in this direction the
pin 40 on the under side of said bar bearing against the pin 41 on the rocker
arm 42 on the frame-work, operates to rock said arm 42 and cause the rear
horizontally-arranged leftward projecting arm 45 to descend far enough to enable
its free end to engage with the notch in the dog-rocker, or in other words, come
down in front of the flange or projection 47 thereof and thus prevent the dog-
holder or rocker from vibrating forwardly. (See Fig. 9.) A small spiral or coil
spring 51 is employed to restore the rocker arm 42 and the arm 45 which locks the
dog rocker, (or the frame comprising these two devices) when the line locking
projections or lugs 26 and 27 are separated and the rocking, bar I is permitted to
slide back to its normal position, which it does under the influence of the same
spring 51 which restores the rocker arm 42 and the locking arm 45 to their normal
positions.
From what has been said above it will of course be understood that when the
carriage has been arrested and the dog-rocker locked the carriage may either be
returned for the beginning of a new line or the rocking bar may be tilted to enable
the pendent projection 27 to step over the lug 26 on the rocker bar to permit
several more characters to be printed on the line. The locking of the dog-rocker

page_text: may be effected at or during the first half of the letter space movement, the
remaining half of the letter space movement being permitted by reason of the
capacity of the pendent projection 27 to yield under the superior power of
the carriage driving spring. On releasing the dog-rocker 49 by tilting the rocking
bar 1 the latter is moved back towards the right by the spring 51 and the pendent
projection is vibrated slightly towards the left by its coiled spring 36, thereby
insuring the pendent projection riding over the top of the lug or abutment 26 on
the collar mounted on the rocking bar, (see Fig. 10) and hence preventing any
re-engagement or relocking of these devices which would interfere with the further
progress of the carriage.
The pendent projection 27 is made to yield towards the right (viewed from the
front of the machine) for the purpose of enabling the carriage to be run swiftly
from one end of its travel to the other or swiftly over a number of spaces from
right to left if desired when the release key 52 is pressed upon and the parts of the
escapement mechanism of the carriage are separated or disengaged. If the said
pendent projection 27 were not adapted to yield in this way when it should strike
the lug 26 on the rocking bar, it would arrest the carriage suddenly or violently
and would break or strain some of the parts. In other words, if this pendent
projection were made rigid instead of yielding, during a swift movement of the
carriage or a sudden stoppage thereof the dog-rocker or rocking devices, which are
small and delicate, would be severely strained or injured if not broken at the time
of the sudden stoppage of the carriage, if at that moment the dog-rocker were in a
forward position 'and the locking arm were brought down on top of the dog-rocker
instead of into the notch thereof. By making the pendent projection yielding
when it strikes the lug on the rocker bar, during a swift continuous movement of
the carriage under the unrestrained influence of the carriage driving spring, it is
tilted by the lug against the tension of its coiled spring and creeps up and rides
-over the top of said lug and passes by the same, after which the spring returns it
to normal position. When the pendent projection has passed by the lug
rocker bar in any case and when the carriage is returned, the right-hand side of
the pendent projection strikes against the left-hand side of the lug on the rocker
bar and the pendent projection is tilted in a reverse direction to enable it to pass
by said lug, whereupon the weight attached to said projection restores it to its
normal position.
on the
We will now describe the action of the pendent projection with reference to the
bell mechanism.
On the slide or collar which bears the locking lug 26 and in advance of the
same or on the right-hand side thereof but in the same vertical plane, is formed or
provided an extension or ledge 53 which is inclined or beveled downwardly
slightly from its left-hand edge as shown clearly at Figures 5, 9 and 10. When
the pendent projection 27 arrives at this inclined ledge it operates to gradually
depress the same and thereby tilt the rocking bar and raise the bell hammer
arm 54, which is fastened to the under side of said bar. By the time the carriage
has made about seven letter space movements, while the pendent projection is in
contact with the ledge the projection bas tilted the rocking bar to the required
extent and it then passes out of contact with the ledge, thereby releasing the
rocking bar and enabling it to return to its normal position under the action of its
restoring spring, during which movement the free end of the bell hammer arm
strikes the bell 55, which is preferably located on the axis of the spring driving
drum and may constitute a handle or knob whereby the carriage driving spring
may be tightened or increased in tension.
After the tilting of the rocking bar and the ringing of the bell, the pendent
projection 27 may pass on to the locking lug or abutment 26 aforesaid, and
preferably said lug is located a distance equal to about six letter spaces from the
left-hand end of the inclined ledge.
During the return movement of the carriage for the beginning of a new line the
.pendent projection first strikes the vertical end of the inclined ledge and is tilted

page_text: thereby to enable the proper recession of the carriage. On passing off the ledge
on the return movement of the carriage the pendent projection is restored to its
normal vertical position by the weight aforesaid.
We will now describe the marginal devices :
The adjustable margin stop collar or device 56 at the right-hand side of the
machine is substantially the same in construction as the line locking contact
device 17 at the left-hand side of the machine and before described. It is provided
with a pointer or index 57 to facilitate the setting or adjustment of the collar or
stop, and with a spring-actuated detent and cam releasing lever 58. It is also
provided with an upright projection or horn 59 which is adapted to stop the return
movement of the carriage. Any suitable part of the carriage may be arranged
to contact with the said projection or horn, but it is preferable to have the arm 60
which extends rearwardly from the feed rack or its support 61 pivoted on the
carriage 8, come in contact with said upright horn 59 to arrest the carriage in
substantially the manner set forth in the aforesaid patent.
The said born being mounted upon the rocker bar by means of the sliding collar
and being arranged on the front of said bar, it is adapted to be depressed by the
tilting of said bar to a plane below that in which the arm 60 on the carriage
travels, shown by the dotted line at Figure 7, so that after the carriage has been
arrested on its return movement at a predetermined or desired marginal point the
carriage may be moved still farther in the same direction for printing within the
margin, assuming of course that the marginal stop or horn 59 is not set at its
extreme right-hand position.
On the forward movement of the carriage during the process of writing said
upright projection or horn 59 is automatically depressed again to enable the
arm 60 to pass by it, which may be accomplished in several ways, but preferably
by providing a notch or groove 62 in the carriage arm 33, and also by beveling or
inclining downwardly from left to right the upper free edge of the said upright
projection or horn 59. The said carriage arm 33 being in advance of the feed rack
arm 60 the notch or groove 62 comes into register with the beveled portion of the
horn 59 and works along in contact therewith and gradually forces it down to a
plane or position below that of the feed rack arm 60, so that the latter may pass
by said horn or projection as the carriage moves towards the left. The feed rack
arm 60 is preferably located nearly a quarter of an inch to the right of the
carriage arm 33, but the horn or projection is of a slightly greater width
than the distance between these two parts, so that when it is released by the
carriage arm it at once strikes the feed rack arm on its lower edge, and hence
said projection or horn is prevented from rocking back to its first or normal
position until the feed rack arm 60 has likewise passed beyond or to the left of it.
In addition to the adjustable margin stop having the horn just above described
there is provided also a final marginal or carriage stop 63 which is also adjustable
upen the rocker bar by means of a tooth at the end of a spring-pressed stem as
shown at Fig. 8. This stop is provided with a pin 64 which is adapted to abut
against the right-haud top plate standard 2. and it is also provided on its left-hand
side with an arm or projection 65 against the vertical face of which the feed rack
arm 60 may contact to stop the carriage if the carriage be returned past the first
marginal stop 56. This arm or projection 65 on the final stop 63 is arranged at
such an elevation as that the curved root of the born 59 on the first marginal
stop may pass thereunder, so that the vertical edged or faces of both marginal
stops may be brought in the same vertical plane at right angles to the direction of
the rocker bar, in order if desired, that the machine may be used as if there were
only one marginal stop.
The ribbon moving mechanism will now be described:
The inking ribbon 66 is moved lengthwise or from one spool 67 to the other by
substantially the same means and in substantially the same manner as in the usual
Remington machine and substantially as in the patent herein before alluded to.
In

page_text: the present case however, novel means are provided for moving the ribbon cross-
wise or widthwise, and novel means are also provided for automatically reversing
the longitudinal travel of the ribbon. Upon the fixed pivot or stud of the spring
drum 16 is mounted a beveled gear 68 and a ratchet wheel 69 which are united to
turn together. A pawl 70 pivoted on the spring drum takes into the said ratchet
wheel and turns it and the beveled gear during the forward movement of the
carriage, but slips idly over said gear during the return movement of the carriage.
The said beveled gear meshes with another beveled or miter gear 71 fixed upon a
sleeve 72, which has a bearing in a hanger or support 73 depending from the top
plate 3, and which sleeve at its opposite end is provided with a crank arm 74
that has a pin 75 projecting towards the right. This pin enters a hole in another
crank arm 76, which by means of a cellar and set screw is made fast on a long
power shaft 77 arranged at the rear of the machine and extending transversely
thereof. This shaft passes through said sleeve and through the beveled gear
thereen and takes a bearing in said sleeve and in other suitable supports or
hangers, and by means of the crank arms and connecting pin which is elongated,
the rotation of the beveled gear 71 on the sleeve is transmitted to the said long
power shaft 77, while at the same time the said shaft is capable of longitudinal or
end wise sliding movements without losing its connection with the driving beveled
gear on the sleeve. At near the right-hand end of said long shaft is a beveled
pinion 78 which is adapted to engage with and disengage from a larger
beveled gear 79 on the right-hand ribbon spool shaft 80, and at near the left-
hand end of said long shaft 77 is a like beveled pinion 81 adapted to engage with
and disengage from a like larger beveled gear 82 on the left-hand ribbon spool
shaft 83. By means of these two pairs of beveled gears either ribbon spool shaft
may be rotated by the power transmitted by the spring driving, drum, and hence
the ribbon may be moved longitudinally by winding on either spool in one
direction or another according to which pair of gears is in engagement. Each
ribbon spool shaft is adapted to turn in suitable bearings or supports 84 depending
from the top plate and on each shaft is mounted to rotate therewith a ribbon spool
or reel 67.
The following is a description of the means whereby the ribbon is automatically
reversed:
Each spool body is formed with a longitudinal slot 85, and the rear head or
fange of each spool is formed with an opening or cut-away 86 in line with said
slot, as shown more particularly at Figures 17 and 26. A collar 87 is secured by
a set screw to the spool shaft at or near the rear bearing 84 thereof, and on this
collar is pivoted at 88 a lever or arm 89 which is heavy or weighted at 90 and
which extends through the opening 86 in the flange and into the longitudinal
slot 85 in the body of the spool, which slot is parallel with the spool axle and is of
a depth sufficient to accommodate the said weighted arm. A hole or perforation 91
is formed centrally in the rear portion of the spool shaft which communicates with
a slot or cut-away 92 in the spool shaft. In this hole 91 works a pin 93 having
one end 94 bent outwardly or laterally to engage with an aperture in the weighted
arın or lever 89. That portion of the pin which is arranged within the hole at the
center of the shaft extends rearwardly to about the end of the shaft, when the
weighted arm or lever is within the slot in the spool. Opposite the end of
the spool shaft and on the long power shaft 77 is secured a collar which is formed
or provided with a worm 95, adapted to co-act with the pin 93 in the spool shaft
as will be presently described. As before explained, the long power shaft is
adapted to play endwise a limited distance. This distance is governed by a spring-
controlled arm 96 on the left-hand end of the shaft 77, which is preferably provided
with a bandle 78. The spring-controlled arm works on a vertical pivot 97 on the
frame-work, and is extended forwardly and provided at its free end with a
downwardly extending portion or finger 98 which engages a circumferential
groove 99 in the said shaft. In the rear of this finger 98 the said arm carries a

page_text: small anti-friction roller 100, mounted to turn on a vertical pivot and adapted to-
be seated in either of two V-shaped notches 101 formed at the forward end of a
T-shaped pin 102 adapted to slide in a bearing in the frame-work, and provided
with a spring,103 having a tendency to keep the T-shaped pin pressed forward
and its head pressed against the anti-friction roller ou .the vibratory arm 96, which
is connected with the power shaft, whereby the power shaft is adapted to be held in
either of its two end wise positions and whereby it is adapted to be automatically
moved endwise in either direction by means of the pins 93 and the worms 95.
hereinbefore referred to.
The action or mode of operation of the reversing mechanism is as follows:-
When the ribbon has been entirely unwound from either spool and the slot 85
therein is turned to or comes. on the under side of the spool shaft, the weighted
arm or lever 89 falls out of said slot and the motion of said lever is communicated
to the sliding pin 93, which normally stands about flush with the end of the spool
shaft, and said pin is projected slightly beyond the same and into engagement with
its associated worm 95 on the power shaft, which is constantly rotated during the
forward movements of the paper carriage. By the said engagement of the pin and
worm the shaft 77 is caused to move endwise the required distance to disengage
one set of the spool driving geare, as for instance 78 and 79, and engage the other
set, as for example 81 and 82; in other words, the two gears which were operating
together to wind the ribbon upon their associated spool are separated and the other
two gears which were out of engagement at this time are automatically brought
into mesh by the end wise sliding of said shaft 77, due to the co-operation of the
pin and the worm, so as to thereafter cause their associated spool to become the
winding spool. Thus the longitudinal movement or travel of the ribbon is auto-
matically reversed. This automatic reversal takes place every time either paying
out spool becomes exhausted and when the weighted arm or lever thereof may
drop or descend and communicate its motion to the worm engaging pin. It will of
course be understood that immediately the reversing action has taken place and
the ribbon commences to wind upon the empty spool, the weighted arm or lever,
being attached to the ribbon spool shaft, ascends as said shaft and its spool are
rotated, and when the weight has been carried up past the horizontal center of
said shalt it falls by gravity into the slot 85 in the spool, and before the said lever
enn. travel around on the opposite side of said shaft to a position where it might
again fall out of said slot, the first coil or fold of the ribbon passes over said slot
and thus holds the lever therein. Hence by the wrapping of the ribbon over the
slot the lever is retained securely in the alot and out of operative position during
the charging or rewinding of its spool.
While the weighted arm or lever is preferred, or an arm or lever of such weight
As will enable it to readily and quickly drop out of and into the slot in the spool
as required, it will be understood that a non-weighted arm or lever provided with
& spring for drawing the arm or lever out of the slot may be employed instead, but
in this case the arm or lever will be returned to the slot not by gravity or by the
spring, but by the first coil or fold of the ribbon whose tension or strain would be
sufficient to overcome the light spring required.
The arm 96 employed in connection with the longitudinal shifting power shaft 77
is so arranged and operated as that said shaft may be moved endwise by means of
the pins and worms before described with very little friction and under an
exceedingly elight force. Between the two notches 101 in which the anti-friction
roller 100 is adapted to seat are two oppositely inclined or beveled surfaces 104
which the anti-friction roller is adapted to ride upon or against and easily wedge
or force the spring-actuated T-shaped pin 102 backwardly to permit the arm 96 to.
vibrate, and when the center of the said anti-friction roller has passed over the
top of the inclined surface 104 the coiled spring on the T-shaped pin forces the
pin outwardly, and the other or opposite incline 104 forces or wedges the said
roller down its surface and thus completes the shifting or end wise movement of the
shalt 77 and holds the anti-friction roller at the bottom of the notch.

page_text: A modification will now be described of the means employed for automatically
reversing the longitudinal travel of the ribbon :
Referring now particularly to Figures 29, 30 and 31, the beveled gears which
drive the ribbon spool shafts alternately are shifted end wise without at the same
time shifting the power shaft 77 endwise as in the previously described mechanism,
the power shaft in this case having simply a rotatory movement.
In Figure 29 (which it will be remembered is a back view) the beveled pinion 81
is formed integral with a hub 105 on its inner side and with a sleeve 106 on its
outer side and the power shaft passes through said beveled pinion and hub and
sleeve. The sleeve carries the left-hand worm 95, (but shown on the right-hand
side in the drawing because the view is taken from the rear of the machine) and
the hub is slotted longitudinally at 107 on diametrically opposite sides to receive
two forks or projections 108 extending outwardly from a collar 109 which is fixed
upon the power shaft. The power shaft is slotted or grooved longitudinally for
nearly its entire length and in said groove for a portion of its length runs a slender
wire rod 110, which at its left-hand end is bent laterally or radially and connects
with the hub 105, while at the right-hand end the said wire rod is likewise provided
with a radial bend which engages with the hub 111 of the right-hand beveled
pinion 78, which is likewise formed integral with said hub and with a sleeve 112
bearing a worm 95, the said bub 111 being also slotted on opposite sides like the
slots 107 of the hub 105, to co-operate with similar forks or projections 113
extending outwardly from the collar 114, secured by a set screw to the power
shaft. The left-hand combined pinion, sleeve and worm is formed or provided at
its outer end with two circular notches or grooves 115 and 116 and two intermediate
adjacent oppositely inclined surfaces 117 and 118. Beyond said sleeve and nearer
the left-hand end of the power shaft and attached to the latter by a set screw 119
is a collar 120 which is provided with two spring-actuated pivoted arms or
levers 121 arranged diametrically opposite each other, and at the inner free ends
of each of said levers is mounted a small anti-friction roller 122 adapted to the
circular notches or grooves 115 and 116 referred to.
Outside of the collar bearing the roller arms is still another collar 123 which is
loosely mounted upon the power shaft and said collar is connected by a wire 124
to the left-hand sleeve 106. All of the parts mounted upon the shaft 77 for
longitudinal movement turn always with the shaft. Assuming that the pinion 78
is in engagement with its speol shaft gear (as 82, Fig. 12) to turn its associated
ribbon spool and wind the ribbon thereupon, when the opposite spool has
discharged all of its ribbon the weighted arm or lever 89, (Fig. 26) causes its
aliding pin 91 to engage with the left-hand worm 95, and by such engagement
the said worm is moved towards the left, thereby forcing its sleeve 106 and
pinion 81 and double incline in the same direction, and owing to the connection
between the left-hand sleeve 106 and the right-hand sleeve 112 by the wire 110,
the beveled gear 78 is simultaneously moved in the same direction and the
engagement of the pinions is reversed. During this shifting movement of the
parts the spring-pressed rollers 122, which remain relatively stationary, are forced
apart by the outermost incline 118, and after the centers of the rollers have passed
by the highest portion of the incline, they cause the sleeves and their adjuncts or
connections to move farther towards the left, and sufficiently to complete the
shifting movement and bring the left-hand pinion 81 positively and fully into
engagement with the gear on its associated ribbon spool shaft, so that the left-
hand spool may thereafter become the winding spool. When this spool is full the
reverse action automatically takes place again. The loose collar 123, which is
connected to the sleeve 112 by the wire 124, is provided more especially to enable
the shifting movements to be effected by hand instead of automatically if desired;
which hand shift it will be understood may also be readily effected by moving
the shaft itself endwise in the construction first above described. In Fig. 29
the shaft 77 cannot be slid end wise because the beveled gear 71 which is
driven by the beveled gear on the spring drum is formed on a sleeve. which is

page_text: ast on the shaft 77 and which fills the space between the forked hanger or
bracket 73.
The means for moving the inking ribbon crosswise or transversely will now be
described:
On the ratchet wheel 69 which is driven by the pawl 70 on the spring drum is
secured a pin or lug 125 which acts to lift the free end of a lever 126 carrying
a pivoted pawl 127 adapted to act on a ratchet wheel 128 fixed on a horizontal
shaft 129 which carries or is formed with a worm 130 that is in engagement with
a worm wheel 131 on a vertical shaft 132. At the upper end of the vertical worm
wheel shaft 132 is secured a eam 133 having, as shown at Figure 16, one-half its
edge smooth or of uniform rise and the other half formed with a series of
steps 134, six steps being shown. But this number may be varied, and if desired
a cam smooth and of uniform rise on both sides may be employed instead, as shown
at Figures 18, 20, and 24.
Referring particularly to Figures 12 to 17 inclusive, the cam 133 acts on the
short arm 135 of the bell crank or two-armed lever 136. The arm 135 is provided
at its free end with an anti-friction roller for the edge of the cam to work against.
The said lever 136 has a vertical pivot 137 depending from the top plate, and
the inner end of the longer arm of said lever is pivotally attached at 138 to the
rear end of a ribbon frame or ribbon spool carrier 139. To the opposite end of
said ribbon spool carrier or frame is pivotally attached at 140 the inner end of
another link or lever 141, which at its outer end is pivoted on a screw 142
depending from the top plate. This link or lever 141 is provided with a spring 143
which acts to move the ribbon carrier or frame rearwardly; or in other words,
said spring sets against the said cam 133. The ribbon carrier or frame shown
in plan view at Figure 13 is provided with depending arms 144 which embrace
the heads of the spool on the left-hand side of the machine, so that when the
ribbon carrier is moved in one direction by the cam 133 and in the other direction
by the spring 143 the ribbon spool and ribbon are caused to move in unison
therewith. Removably attached to the ribbon spool carrier 139 is a ribbon guide
plate or arm 145 quite similar to that shown in the aforesaid patent and its right-
hand end is provided with two downwardly extending fingers or arms 146 which
embrace the heads or flanges of the right-hand spool which slides freely on its
shaft and in unison with the left-hand spool.
The ribbon guide plate which extends across from one spool to the other is
provided with a hook or bent portion 147 which clasps or embraces a bar or
pin 148 mounted to turn in ears or lugs 149 at the upper portion of the ribbon
spool carrier 139, the said bar or pin being preferably flattened on one side, and
the said hook-like part is preferably formed with a spring tongue 150 which acts
as a spring catch. The bar or rod 148 being adapted to turn in its bearings the
ribbon guide ar plate is adapted to be swung upwardly as indicated by the dotted
lines at Figure 17, in order that the types may be cleaned, and repairs made, etc.
The rear end of the bar or hinge pin 148 is formed with two notches or cut-
aways 151 against which bears a flat spring 152, said spring operating to hold
the hinge pin and the ribbon guide or plate firmly in either of its two positions,
that is, in its turned down or working position and in its upturned or non-working
position.
A modification of this construction is shown at Figures 21 and 22 and will be
hereinafter referred to.
The operation of the mechanism for moving the ribbon crosswise as illustrated
at Figures 12 to 17 inclusive; is as follows:
When the pin or lug 125 on the ratchet wheel 69 raises the pawl-carrying
lever 126 the pawl 127 is vibrated to turn the ratchet wheel 128 and worm 130,
worm wheel 131 and cam 133, and the latter acting on the bell crank lever or
link 136, the ribbon carrier 139, the ribbon spool, ribbon guide or plate, and
right-hand ribbon spool are all moved forward or towards the operator, but very
slightly. When the ribbon has been moved substantially its whole width in a forward
с

page_text: direction it then travels rearwardly under the action of the spring 143, following
the recession of the cam. The cam movement is intermittent and the movements.
take place at comparatively long intervals apart, and these cam movements when
effected are so extremely small that the ribbon movement effected thereby is
likewise extremely slight. Hence the ribbon moves crosswise very slowly and in
such minute spaces as that practically the entire surface of the ribbon is utilized.
The ribbon is moved forward, when the smooth portion of the cam is in contact
with the roller on the arm 135, and is moved backward when the step portion of
the cam is working in contact with said. roller. The object of stepping this
portion of the cam is to cause the ribbon to step or move quickly sidewise a distance
equal to about a type-face, thus using the ribbon in lines parallel to its length on the
return or backward movement of the ribbon.
The object of using the oscillating links 136 and 141 is to greatly reduce the
friction of the ribbon carriers. As far as the main feature of the ribbon moving
mechanism is concerned the cam may have smooth or continuous edges on both
sides and the ribbon spool may slide in bearings as shown at Figure 18, although
the construction shown at Figure 12 is preferred.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 18 to 24 inclusive, a smooth edge
heart-shaped cam is shown which acts against a pin 153 on the underside of a
rod 154 adapted to slide in bearings 155,-the said rod being provided with a coil
spring 156 which acts against said cam and operates to move the device rear-
wardly. Connected to or formed integral with the rod 154 is a bar 157 to which
the ribbon spool carrier is attached. The said ribbon spool carrier differs slightly
-in-its construction from that shown at Figure 13, but it is provided with arms
as 144 to embrace the heads of the spool and with a bearing or hinge pin as 148
for the left-hand end of the ribbon guide plate 145. The said hinge pin or bar
instead of having two notches 151 as in Figure .17 has a depending crank arm 158
and lateral pin 159 adapted to a flat spring 160 whereby the ribbon guide plate is
held in either of its two positions. The bar 157 slides in an eye or bearing 161 at
that portion which is parallel with the bar or rod 154.
The pawl-carrying lever, 136 at Figure 20 is differently shaped..and mounted
from the pawl-carrying lever shown at Figure 15, the latter being pivoted or
hung on the worm shaft 129, and the former being pivoted on a portion of the
frame-work.
The rotating driving pawls 127 are likewise differently shaped and mounted,
but, these differences are immaterial as are also the shown differences in number of
teeth on the, ratchet wheels 128 and worm wheels 131. The greater the number of
teeth on these wheels the slower will be the feed of the ribbon. The mode
of operation of the construction shown at Figure 18 is substantially...the same. as
that shown at Figure 12 in all essential respects, excepting the return or backward
movement of the ribbon, which in one case takes place in steps or jumps. while in
the other it does not.
"Haying now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, an escapement
mechanism therefor. operated by key levers, a sliding bar or rod having a contact
device to be engaged by a contact device on the carriage, and an escapement
locking device adapted to be operated by said sliding bar or rod; the construction
and arrangement being such that when engagement between said contact device is
effected said rod or bar is slid end wise and the escapement mechanism, is locked.
2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement
mechanism therefor operated by key levers, a sliding bar or rod having an adjustable
contact device adapted to a contact device on the carriage, and a locking mechanism
operated by said sliding bar, whereby when said bar is slid endwise the escapement
mechanism is locked.

page_text: 3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement
nechanism therefor operated by key levers, a rocking bar or rod adapted also to
lide endwise and having an adjustable contact device adapted to a contact device
n the carriage, and an escapement locking device adapted to be put into action
when the said bar or rod is slid, and to he put out of action when the said bar or
od is rocked.
carriage, an escapement
4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a
mechanism therefor operated by key levers, a rocking bar or rod adapted also to
lide endwise and having an adjustable contact device adapted to a contact device
on the carriage, an escapement locking device adapted to be operated by the
sliding of said bar or rod, and a key or device for rocking said rod to effect the
unlocking of the escapement mechanism and permit of further movement of
the carriage.
5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage provided with
a contact device, an escapement mechanism, a locking device therefor, and a
sliding rod provided with a contact device and arranged to actuate the escapement
locking device.
6. In a typewriting machine, as a means for locking and unlocking the printing
mechanism, the combination of a locking device connected with the printing
mechanism, a rod adapted to slide one way to actuate said locking device to cause
the locking of the printing mechanism and adapted to slide in the opposite direction
to cause an unlocking of said printing mechanism, a contact device on said rod
adapted to be engaged by a contact device on the carriage whereby the said rod
is moved automatically in its locking direction, and means for rocking said rod to
effect a separation of said contact devices and enable the said rod to return to its
normal position and effect the unlocking of the printing mechanism, and to also
enable the carriage contact device to advance beyond the contact device on the
sliding and rocking rod.
7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of means for locking the printing
mechanism, a sliding and rocking rod carrying a bell hammer, an adjustable slide
on said rod baving an inclined track or way and a contact device, and a paper
carriage having a contact device adapted to first travel in engagement with said
inclined track or way and rock said rod and raise said bell hammer, and then as
the carriage advances to pass out of engagement with said inclinel track or way
and release said rocking rod to enable it to rock back to its first position and cause
the bell hammer to strike the bell, and then as the carriage further advances to
engage with the contact device on said rod and cause the said rod to move endwise
and effect the locking of the printing mechanism.
8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of meaus for locking the printing
mechanism, a rod adapted to both rock and slide and carrying an adjustable slide
baving a bell hammer arm, an inclined track or way and a contact device, a
carriage provided with a contact device adapted to be engaged with said track or
way to first rock said rod and cause the alarm to be given, and then to slide said
rod to cause the printing mechanism to be locked, and a key mechanism for again
rocking said rod and separating said contact devices, whereby the printing
mechanism is caused to be unlocked and the carriage is simultaneously freed for
further advancement.
9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a dog-holder, an arm adapted
to prevent movement of said dog-holder and thereby lock the printing mechanism
a rod adapted to slide end wise and actuate said locking arm, a contact device on
said rod adapted to be engaged by a contact device on the carriage to effect such
end wise locking movement, and a key or finger mechanism connected to said rod to
rock or oscillate the same and thereby effect a separation of said contact devices,
an unlocking of said printing mechanism, and at the same time free the carriage
3 for further advancement.
10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a
rocking dog-holder, a

page_text: pivoted arin adapted to prevent the rocking of said dog-holder, a rocking and
sliding rod adapted to actuate said locking arm in one direction when said rod is
slid towards the left by the engagement with a contact device thereon by a contact
device on the carriage, means for separating said contact devices by a rocking
action of said rod, and a spring for sliding said rod back to its normal position
and for restoring the locking arm to its normal position.
11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a rocking dog-holder having
a flange or projection, a locking arm, a rocker arm connected thereto and provided
with a projection, a sliding and rocking rod having a projection and also au
adjustable contact device, a paper carriage having a contact device, means for
rocking said rod, and a spring for returning said rod.
12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a rocking dog-holder having
a flange or projection, a locking arm adapted to be moved into the path of
vibration of said dog-holder, and a sliding rod adapted to be carried end wise by
means of the paper carriage and cause the said locking arm to be moved to a
position to prevent vibration of said dog-holder.
13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a rocking dog-holder having
a flange or projection, a pivoted, locking device consisting of an arresting arm, a
cross-bar and rocker arm provided with a projection, a spring acting on said locking
contrivance, and a sliding rod having a projection to move said locking contrivance
against the action of said spring, and having also a contact device to be engaged
by a contact device on the paper carriage.
14. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the printing mechanism, or
a locking device, a toothed and graduated rod pivoted at its ends and adapted to
slide longitudinally, an adjustable contact device thereon, a contact device on the
paper carriage adapted thereto so as to move the said rod endwise, a spring for
returning said rod, and a spring-actuated key mechanism for rocking and restoring
said rod.
15. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the printing mechanismi, of
a locking device, a pivoted and sliding rod adapted to actuate said device, and a
rocking mechanism connected to said rod and consisting essentially of a spring-
pressed push rod provided with a finger-piece.
16. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the printing mechanism, of
a locking device, a pivoted and sliding red having an adjustable contact device
adapted to a contact device on the carriage and having a depending arm, and a
spring-pressed push rod connected at its inner end to said depending arm.
17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a rocking rod, an adjustable
slide thereon having a trip device, a contact device therefor on the carriage, a bell
hammer arm attached to said rocking rod, and a bell on the frame-work.
18. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the printing mechanism, of a
line locking device, a pivoted and sliding rod adapted to actuate the same, a bell, a
bell-hammer, a trip, and a contact on said rod, and a contact therefor on the
carriage, the carriage contact consisting of a pivoted pendent projection adapted to
yield in both directions from its central or working position.
19. In a typewriting machine and in a line locking mechanisin, a pivoted contact
or actuating device n the carriage mounted to yield towards the right during a
swift unrestrained movement of the carriage and when the said contact device
strikes against a stop or projection.
20. In a typewriting machine and in a mechanism for locking the printing
mechanism, a contact device connected with the locking mechanism, and a contact
device connected with the carriage, the last mentioned contact device being
mounted to yield both to the right and to the left, so that when the paper carriage
release key is actuated and the carriage is permitted to run swiftly towards the
left the said carriage contact device under the superior force of the carriage
driving spring is caused to yield towards the right when it strikes the said locking
contact device and is thereby adapted to pass by the latter, and so that when the

page_text: arriage is returned towards the right by the hand of the operator the said
arriage contact device when it meets the said line locking device is caused to
ield towards the left and to pass freely over the same.
21. In a typewriting machine and in a line locking mechanism, a pair of contacts,
ne on the carriage and the other connected with the line locking mechanism, and
ne of said contacts being mounted so as to yield and permit the carriage contact
levice to pass by when the carriage is disengaged from the escapement mechanism
ud is permitted to run swiftly towards the left.
22. In a typewriting machine and in a line locking mechanism, the combination
of a sliding rod having an adjustable contact device, a pivoted pendent contact
levice on the carriage having a spring and a weight and operating in substantially
the manner set forth.
23. In a typewriting machine, and in a bell mechanism and line locking
mechanism, a sliding and rocking rod having an adjustable slide provided with a
ledge and a contact device, a contact device on the carriage having a shaft or
pivot, a spring, and a weight and operating substantially as described.
24. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a bell on the frame-work, a
rocking-rod, a bell bammer attached to said rod, an adjustable slide on said rod
having an inclined ledge, and a pivoted contact device on the carriage.
25. In a typewriting machine, the contact contrivance on the carriage consisting
of the pendent projection 27, the pendent arm or plate 28, the shaft or pivot
pin 29, the weight 31, and the spring 36.
26. In a typewriting machine, the slide or collar 17 adapted to a notched bar
and comprising a spring-pressed lever having a detent, and a cam or eccentric
having a handle for disengaging said detent by a movement in either direction of
said bandle.
27. In a typewriting machine, the slide or collar 17 adapted to a notched bar and
comprising a spring-pressed lever having a detent, a cam or eccentric having a
handle, a ledge, and a contact device.
28. In a typewriting machine, the slide or collar 17 adapted to a notched bar and
comprising a lever having a spring at one end and a detent at the other, a cam or
eccentric between said detent and the pivot of the lever, and provided with a
bandle, a pointer or index, a contact or stop, and an inclined ledge.
29. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a slide or collar 56 having a
horn 59 and mounted on a rocking bar, and a carriage having a contact device
adapted to strike against said horn on the return movement of the carriage and to
also pass over said born when the rocking bar is tilted, so as to print within the
margin, and to automatically pass over said horn during the next forward
movement of the carriage.
30. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a slide or collar 56 having a
horn 59 and mounted on a rocking bar, a carriage having a contact arm 60, and a
carriage arm 33 having a groove 62.
31. In a typewriting machine, the combination of the adjustable margin stop 56
having a horn 59, the final margin stop 63 having an arm 65, and the carriage
5 having a contact device.
32. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, a line-locking
mechanism, and a bell mechanism, of a sliding and rocking rod having a line
locking stop, a bell trip, an adjustable margin stop, and a final margin stop.
33. In a typewriting machine baving a carriage and a bell mechanism, a rocking
0 rod, having at one end au adjustable bell trip, and at the other end an adjustable
margin stop, the rocking of the rod at one time operating the bell hammer and at
another time enabling the carriage to pass by the margin stop for printing within
the margin.
34. In a typewriting machine; the combination of a carriage, a bell on the
6 frame-work, a rocking rod having a fixed bell hammer arm, and an adjustable bel
trip or actuator on said rod.
35. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a bell mechanism

page_text: and a rocking rod, the carriage operating to automatically rock the rod and thereby
'cause the bell to be rung.
36. In a typewriting machine and in a ribbon reversing mechanism, the com-
bination of a power shaft carrying gears and worms, spool shafts carrying gears
and spools, and pins adapted when the ribbon is unwound to be projected into
engagement with said worms and cause a shifting of the power shaft gears whereby
the ribbon is caused to be run in the reverse direction.
37. In a typewriting machine and in a ribbon reversing mechanism, a ribbon, a
pair of ribbon spools, a pair of ribbon spool shafts, a power shaft, two pairs of
gears by which said spools are alternately driven, a worm arranged opposite
each spool shaft, and a pin or device carried by each said spool shaft adapted to
engage with its associated worm to cause the gears on the power 'shaft to shift
so as to reverse the longitudinal travel of the ribbon.
38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon, a pair of ribbon
spools, a pair of ribbon spool shafts, a power shaft, two pairs of gears adapted to
alternately drive said spools, a worm opposite, each spool shaft, a 'pin or device
connected to slide endwise of said shaft and engage with said worm, means
connected with said pin and controlled by the folds of the ribbon for moving said
pin when the ribbon has been discharged from its spool.
39. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon spool, a'
ribbon spool shaft, a power shaft, gears for turning said ribbon spool shaft, a worm
on the power shaft, a pin on the ribbon spool shaft, and a lever or arm connected
to said pin and controlled by the folds or coils of the ribbon in such a manner that
the said pin is normally held out of engagement with said worm, and in such a
manner that when the said arm or lever escapes from the control of said ribbon it
operates to move the said pin into engagement with said worm and cause a
reversal of the gearing and a reversal of the direction of travel of the ribbon.
40. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon spool
having a slot, a ribbon spool shaft having a perforation, a pin adapted to slide
therein, a lever pivoted on said shaft and connected to said pin, and also adapted
to enter said slot in the spool and be held therein by the ribbon, a gear on said
spool shaft, a sliding gear adapted to engage with and be disengaged from 'the
gear on the spool shaft and a worm connected to said sliding gear and adapted to
be engaged by said pin when the ribbon has been unwound from the spool, whereby
the said gears are brought into engagement and the ribbon is reversed.
41. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a switch mechanism, a ribbon,
a ribbon spool having a slot, a ribbon spool shaft having a longitudinal sliding pin,
a lever connected to said sliding pin and adapted to the slot in the spool, the said
pin being actuated by the release of the lever, when the spool is discharged of its
ribbon, and moved to operate on the switch mechanism and cause à reversal of the
longitudinal travel of the ribbon.
42. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a switch mechanism, a ribbon,
a ribbon spool, a lever adapted to turn with the spool and both fall away from and
towards the axis thereof and to be held towards the axis of the folds of the ribbon,
and a pin or device connected to said lever and adapted to be moved into and out
of engagement with the switch mechanism by the action of said lever.
43. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a shifting mechanism, a
ribbon, a ribbon spool having a slot in its body and an opening in its head, a spool
shaft having a gear and an axial perforation, a pin adapted to slide in the latter, a
collar attached to said shaft, and a lever pivoted to said collar and connected with
said pin.
44. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a power shaft having a pair
of spool driving gears and a pair of worms, and means controlled by the ribbon
for alternately engaging said worms and reversing the gearing and the direction of
travel of the ribbon.
45. In a typewriting machine and in a ribbon shifting mechanism, the com-
bination with the shifting driving gears, a lever connected thereto and having a

page_text: in or anti-friction roller, a spring, and a device adapted to work in conjunction
with said pin or anti-friction roller and comprising essentially two notches or seats
and two oppositely inclined surfaces intermediate said notches or seats.
46. In a typewriting machine and in a ribbon shifting mechanism, means for
completing the switching action consisting of oppositely acting inclined faces,
a pivoted arm or lever having a roller, and a spring to cause pressure between said
faces and said roller.
47. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the mechanism for moving.
the ribbon longitudinally in either direction, and a shifting mechanism, of a
contrivance consisting of oppositely acting inclined faces, an anti-friction roller to
act on said faces, and a spring to cause the roller to press against the faces to
complete the shifting action.
-48. In a typewriting machine, the combination with mechanism adapted to move
the ribbon longitudinally in either direction, a shifting mechanism between the
ribbon spools and the driving power, means adapted to automatically co-act with
the shifting device for the purpose of performing the first part of the shifting
action, and a contrivance consisting of oppositely acting inclined faces, a lever, an
anti-friction roller to act on said faces, and a spring to cause pressure between the
faces and the roller for the purpose of completing the shifting action and reversing
the ribbon travel.
49. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a power shaft having a pair
of spool driving gears and a pair of worms adapted to slide end wise, a pair of
ribbon spools, gears connected to said spools to be driven by the gears on the
power shaft, a pair of pins adapted to said worms and controlled by the inking
ribbon, oppositely acting inclined faces, a lever connected to the power shaft and
having an anti-friction roller to act in conjunction with said faces, and a spring to.
cause pressure between the faces and the roller.
50. In a typewriting machine and in a shifting mechanisin, the combination with
the shifting power shaft, of a lever having a roller, and a spring-pressed device-
having oppositely acting inclined faces to operate in conjunction with said
roller.
51. In a typewriting machine and in a ribbon shifting mechanism, the com-
bination with means for moving the ribbon lengthwise in either direction, worms
and pins for shifting the means for moving the ribbon longitudinally, and spring-
acted wedging means for completing the shifting movement.
2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, ribbon
spools, ribbon spool shafts provided with gears and with worms, pins in said spool
shafts adapted to said worms, a spring drum carrying a gear adapted to engage
with a companion gear loose on the power shaft, a crank arm attached to the last
mentioned gear, and a second crank arm attached to the power shaft and connected
to the first mentioned crank arm.
53. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a spring drum having a gear,
a power shalt adapted to slide end wise, a gear sleeved on said power shaft and
carrying a crank arm, a second crank arm attached to said power shaft, and an
elongated piu connecting said crank arms.
54. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon, a ribbon spool, a
ribbon spool shaft, a ribbon spool carrier, a pair of pivoted arms or links pivotally
connected to said ribbon spool carrier, and means for moving the ribbon spool
carrier end wise.
55. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools, a pair of ribbon spool shafts, a ribbon spool carrier for one of said
ribbon spools, a ribbon plate attached to said carrier at one end and connected at
its opposite end to the other ribbon spool, a pair of pivoted arms or links pivotally
attached to said ribbon spool carrier, a cani acting on one of said arms or links,
5 and means for turning said cam connected to the carriage driving power.
56. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools, a pair of ribbon spool shafts, a ribbon spool carrier for one of said

page_text: ribbon spools, a connecting plate between said spools, a cam for moving said ribbon
spool carrier, a worm and worm wheel for turning said cam, and a pawl-and-ratchet
mechanism for turning said worm.
57. In a typewriting machine and in a mechanism for moving the ribbon
transversely, the combination of a cam, a worm wheel, a worm, and a pawl-and-
ratchet mechanism for turning said worm.
58. In a typewriting machine and in a mechanism for moving the inking ribbon
transversely, a cam, a worm wheel, a worm, a ratchet wheel connected to the worm
shaft, a lever carrying a pawl adapted to said ratchet wheel, and a device
connected with the carriage driving drum for periodically vibrating said pawl-
carrying lever.
59. In a typewriting machine and in a mechanism for moving the ribbon
transversely, the combination of a carriage driving drum carrying a lug or pro-
jection, a lever carrying a pawl, a worm shaft carrying a ratchet wheel adapted to
be turned by said pawl, a worm wheel in engagement with said worm shaft, and a
cam having one part of its periphery smooth and the other part formed with a
series of steps.
60. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools connected together, a pair of ribbon spool shafts, a ribbon spool
carrier, a cam adapted to act on said carrier, a worm wheel and worm for turning
said cam, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism connected to the driving power for
turning said worm.
61. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an inking ribbon, a pair of
ribbon spools connected together, a pair of ribbon spool shafts, and a ribbon spool
carrying a pair of pivoted arms or links pivotally attached to said ribbon spool
carrier, an anti-friction roller on one of said pivoted arms or links, a cam having a
smooth edge and a stepped edge adapted to said roller, a worn wheel and worm
for turning said cam, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanisin for turning said worm.
62. In a typewriting machine, and in a mechanism for moving the ribbon
transversely in both directions, the combination of a pair of connected ribbon
spools, a ribbon spool carrier, a spring for moving said carrier in one direction,
and a mechanisin for moving the ribbon in the other direction, consisting of a cam,
a worm wheel, a worm shaft, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism.
63. In a typewriting machine, and in a mechanism for moving the inking ribbon
transversely in both directions, the combination of a pair of ribbon spools
connected together, a ribbon spool carrier, a spring for moving said carrier in one
direction, a pair of pivoted arms or links pivotally attached to said carrier, and a
mechanism for moving the ribbon in the opposite direction consisting of a cam,
a worm wheel, a worm, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1896.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.