IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRO- DUCING ROTARY MOTION
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the "International
* Patent Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Consulting En-
gineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRO-
DUCING ROTARY MOTION."A communication from abroad by Addison
Goodyear Waterhouse, of San Francisco, California, United States
of America, Gentleman. .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 31st January 1870, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Consulting Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN, APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ROTARY MOTION.", and have petitioned Her
Majesty to grant unto me, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns,
[Price d.]

page_text: Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn
Declaration-that-it-has-been-communicated-to-me-from-abroad_by__
Addison Goodyear Waterhouse, of San Francisco, California, United
States of America, Gentleman.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing forming a
part of this Specification:-
The said Invention relates to a novel system of gearing of very
general application in machinery, which consists primarily and essentially
of three toothed wheels, designated throughout this Specification as
wheel A, wheel B, or the circulating wheel and wheel C, the said wheels
being all situated in the same or parallel planes. Wheels A and C have
a common axis parallel to but not coincident with the axis of B.
Wheel B has ofić pitch circle in contact with the pitch circle of A, and
the same or another pitch circle in contact with the pitch circle of C.
When motion is imparted to the wheels one axis revolves around the
other and the pitch circles roll upon each other, but the points of contact
of the pitch circles will always be found on opposite sides of the axis,
and a straight line connecting the said points of contact will always pass
through both the said parallel axes.
1
The diagram Figure 1 will still more clearly define the constant
relative position of the aforesaid wheels, a representing the pitch circle
of the wheel A, b and c the pitch circles of the circulating wheel, a the
pitch-circle of wheel C, ƒ and g the position of the axis, and this said
constant relative position and motion may be provided for and maintained
by means of suitable shafts, bearings, cranks, eccentrics, pulleys, or
other well known devices, but whatever auxiliary combinations may be
used the three wheels having the aforesaid constant relative position and
motion constitute in themselves the same mechanical movement, and
said mechanical movement forms the primary or most essential part.
of this Invention:
LI
The said Invention further, relates to the combination of an annular
#wheel.-a-centre-wheel-a circulating-wheel; an-eccentric-or crank-and-a-

page_text: parts to form a device which is applicable to winding or other machines
in which a comparatively quick rotary motion is to be reduced to a slow
one with a corresponding concentration of power.
The said Invention further relates to the combination of certain
ratchets, pawls, and friction brakes, and to engaging or shipping gear
with the aforesaid wheels, eccentrics, and shaft, whereby a variety of
motions and different degrees of concentration of power can be obtained
in the same machine.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a diagram shewing the pitch circles of the wheels, the
circle described by the crank or centre of circulating wheel, and the
shaft centre.
Figure 2 is an elevation of a machine embodying the most essential
parts of my Invention.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section shewing those parts of this machine
which are at the left hand of a vertical plane passing through the centre
of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is an elevation of a winding machine or hoist having my.
improvement. This Figure is divided into halves by a horizontal
diametrical line, and the upper half is subdivided by a vertical radial
line, and certain parts are removed for the purpose of more clearly.
showing the details.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the winding machine or hoist
showing those parts of this machine which are on the left hand of a
vertical plane passing through the centre of Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a vertical central section of a capstan having my improve-
ments. Like letters indicate like parts throughout the Drawing.
A represents the outer annular wheel provided with internal teeth in
the ordinary manner; B is the circulating wheel, and may have either
internal and spur teeth with two pitch circles, as in Figures 2 and 3, or.
the two pitch circles may be made to nearly or quite coincide and one
set of teeth be made to answer the purposes required, as shewn in the
Drawing of the hoist and capstan; C is the fulcrum or centre wheel;
D is the excentric wheel, excentric to the shaft but concentric with the
circulating wheel B; when made to revolve it will cause the centre of
the circulating wheel B to describe a circle about the axis of the shaft,

page_text: and is equivalent to a crank connecting the said shaft to the centre of
the wheel B; E is the shaft to which is keyed the spur or fulcrum
wheel C. The wheel A and excentric D revolve fully around the shaft E
and are prevented from moving endwise by suitable collars or projections
on the said shaft. The wheels A and C are concentric with the shaft E
and the teeth of the outer wheel A, and one set of teeth of the cir-
culating wheel B must in every case be in the same plane in order that
they may properly engage each other. One set of teeth of the cir-
culating wheel having to engage the teeth of the fulcrum wheel C must
coincide with each other in a similar manner, but in each of the three
applications of my Invention shown in the Drawing the teeth of all the
wheels are situated as nearly as possible in the same plane.
Figures 2 and 3 the hub of the circulating wheel and consequently the
excentric is placed outside the plane of the teeth, but in the Drawing of
the hoist the plane of the excentric is made to coincide more nearly with
the plane of the said teeth.
In
In every application of my Invention the parts must be so pro-
portioned that the inner pitch circle of the circulating wheel B will
always be kept in contact with the pitch circle of the inner or fulcrum
wheel C, and the outer pitch circle of the circulating wheel B will be
always in contact with the pitch circle of the outer wheel A, but if
necessary the pitch circle of wheel A and the outer pitch circle of
wheel B may be on the opposite side of wheel B to the pitch circle of
wheel C and the inner pitch circle of wheel B. These pitch circles are
all provided with teeth that effectually prevent slipping if power should
be applied to the excentric causing it to revolve, while the fulcrum
wheel C is prevented from turning by a suitable brake acting on the
shaft E, therefore motion would be communicated to the circulating
wheel B and thence to the outer wheel A, causing the pitch circles to
roll upon each other in the same manner as in ordinary toothed gearing.
When rapid motion is desired to be produced in the centre shaft E pro-
pelled by the rotation of the wheel A or wheel C, I prefer a crank
instead of the excentric D. In the Drawing the excentric D is repre-
sented as hollow and revolving around the shaft E, but if necessary the
excentric may be attached rigidly to another shaft (not shown) in the
same line as shaft E, and so arranged with suitable bearings that motion
may be imparted to the combination by applying power to the said
shaft. In order to calculate the relative velocities of the different wheels

page_text: I will refer to the diagram Figure 1, in which f is the centre of the
shaft E; g, the centre of the excentric wheel D, and consequently of
the circulating wheel B; h, the circle described by g when the system is
in motion; a is the circumference of the wheel A; b the circumference
of the outer pitch circle of the wheel B; c is the circumference of the
inner pitch circle of the wheel B, and d the circumference of the pitch
circle of the wheel C.
•
and the
Now it is evident that if the circle d is fixed and g is caused to move
around the center f, c, will roll around on the fixed circle d, and b will
roll on a, and when g has completed its revolution the diagram will still
represent the position of the circles and points as at first, but every
point in c will have advanced a distance equal to c-d, and every point
in 6 will have advanced a distance equal to Ed, and every point in
a will have advanced a distance equal to a b+; and therefore
if K represent the number of revolutions made by the excentric D the
revolutions of the wheel A would be equal to K
revolutions made by wheel B would be equal to K (7). Now if circle a
is fixed and circle d set free and point 9 caused to perform one complete
revolution as before the diagram will continue to correctly represent the
position of the circles and points as at first c, b, and d will have revolved
in a contrary direction to g, and the advance made by every point in b
will be equal to a-b, and the advance made by every point in c will
be equal to, and the advance made by every point in d will be
equal to +c-d, therefore the revolutions of the wheel C will be
and the revolutions of the wheel B will be equal
equal to K
to Kazb
For a further illustration let us apply this calculation to Figures 2
and 3, first supposing the shaft and consequently the wheel C to be fixed
with a brake and the other parts free to revolve. Let K=4 as there is one
similar reasons - =1
more tooth in A than in B, a-b=1, and for
and a=8, therefore the revolutions of wheel A=4 (1+1)=1, and as c=7
A

page_text: the brake from the shaft and apply it to the outer wheel A and let K=3;
c-d-1 =1, d-6 and 6-7, the revolutions of the wheel C and
shaft E-3 + 1, and the revolutions of wheel B= =?.
It will be seen from the foregoing description of the mechanical move-
ment or system of gearing, of which my Invention most essentially
consists that although mention is made in this Specification of only a
few of the applications of which it is susceptible, it is really a device of
extensive utility and adaptability and can be made to serve a very great
number of purposes.
It will be seen that A in the hoist or elevator
represented in Figures 4 and 5 is divided into two parts secured together
by nuts and bolts and forms a casing inclosing B, C, and D, and has one
bearing upon the hub of C and another upon the hub of D. To A are
also secured pawls i that catch in the teeth of a ratchet j that in this
machine forms a part of C, but in another modification of this hoist (not
shown in the Drawing) the object attained by this pawl and ratchet is
effected by an equivalent device attached either at A, B, C, or D. The
object and purpose of the brake K will be understood from what has
been herein-before set forth in the general description of my Invention.
In the capstan represented in Figure 6, is one of the sockets for the
capstan bars; m is a bell crank attached to D and operated by suitable
apparatus for the purpose of controlling a pawl n. In this capstan the
wheel C is divided into two parts C, C'. The part C is free to revolve
upon the shaft and upon C' in one direction, but prevented from
revolving in the other by being keyed to the shaft; the two parts C, C',
are connected and disconnected automatically by means of the pawls
and ratchet P. A in this capstan is provided at its upper extremity with
a ratchet into the teeth of which work the pawls n. The lower part
of A forms the waist or drum upon which the rope or chain is wound.
The foot of the shaft E is keyed to a bed plate not shown; the said bed
plate and the circumference of the foot of A˜are connected with pawls-
and ratchets in the usual manner.
Having thus fully described the nature of the said Invention as com-
municated to me-by my foreign correspondent touether with various.

page_text: apparatus for effecting the desired objects as herein-before set forth and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, 1, the said William Robert Lake, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE. (L.B.)
Witness,
H. J. GEDGE,
Clerk to Messrs. Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
i
.