Improvements in Mechanism for Forming Bottle Necks..
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1899-Accept ed, 19th Aug., 1899
[Communicated from abroad by HORACE GARFIELD WAITE, of 13, Astor Street,
Chicago, State of Illinois, United States of America, Attorney at Law]
Improvements in Mechanism for Forming Bottle Necks..
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines for forming and sizing the necks of glass
bottles, and it has for its object to provide a simple, economical and efficient
machine for forming bottle necks.
In the art to which this invention relates it has been usual to form the necks
of glass bottles to a great extent by hand. This process of hand forming is very.
expensive and the bottle necks made by such process are not uniform in size or
finish. My invention is designed to overcome these objections and to produce
a machine which is automatic' or semi-automatic in its nature for the purpose of
forming the necks of bottles economically and in a uniform manner.
According to my invention I employ a main spindle or mandrel mounted in
suitable bearings and having a rotary movement only. This spindle carries a
forming plug adapted to enter into the neck of the bottle, hold the same in
position, and form and finish the interior thereof. To form or shape and finish
the exterior of the bottle neck I provide one or more forming
rolls rotatably carried by parallel holding bars preferably mounted in a slotted
disc secured upon the main spindle or mandrel, so that said bars can be moved
inwardly and outwardly independently of the spindle while having a common
rotary motion with the spindle, but will be prevented from longitudinal movement.
In order to move the forming rolls inwardly and outwardly, I provide an
operating sleeve having one or more sets of lugs that are connected with the
parallel holding bars by means of links acting as toggles. As the sleeve is moved
forwardly or toward the forming plug the links are caused to approach a vertical
position and the parallel bars are consequently moved inwardly. When the sleeve
is moved backwardly or toward the frame of the machine, the links are allowed
to approach a horizontal position and permit centrifugal force due to the rotation
of the parts, or other means such as springs, to move the parallel bars with their
forming rolls outwardly and away from the bottle neck.
It sometimes occurs that a piece of hard or cool material such as flint is in the
bottle neck, or that some hard substance may get between the neck and the rolls,.
and in such case the rolls may be damaged or the bottle neck be destroyed. In
order to avoid this I provide for a slight outward movement of the rolls when
necessary, such movement being controlled by a spring. For this purpose each
of the forward links may be provided with a slot, instead of having a cylindrical
perforation, through which passes the pin connecting said link to the lugs. A
spring is provided that tends constantly to maintain the link in such position that

page_text: the said pin is at the outer extremity of the aforesaid slot and the bars are parallel.
When however any obstruction such as above mentioned is met by one of the
rolls, said spring will allow the link to move over the said pin to the extent
of the slot, and thus permit a slight angular movement to the bar, so that the
roll can rise or recede from the bottle neck to pass over the obstruction.
For forming the lip of the bottle I reduce a portion of the rolls to a smaller
diameter.
It is well known that if the bottle were pushed forwardly while in the soft
ductile and heated condition, so as to curl up the front portion and form the
bottle lip, the shoulder of the bottle would be crumpled and probably be destroyed;
and in order to overcome this objection and form the bottle lip I provide what I
term an advancing sleeve which is mounted in the main spindle and surrounds
and forms a bearing for the forming plug. This advancing sleeve may be opera-
tively connected with the aforesaid operating sleeve, the arrangement being such
as to permit the operating sleeve to be moved forwardly and force the forming
rolls into contact with the bottle neck before the advancing sleeve is moved, the
continuation of the forward movement of the operating sleeve then forcing the
advancing sleeve forward so as to curl up the front portion of the bottle neck and
form the lip of the same while the remainder of the bottle neck is being held and
operated upon by the forming rolls. The said operative connection may, for
example, be effected by means of a pin or bolt on the operating sleeve adapted to
enter a slot in the advancing sleeve. After the formation of the bottle neck is
finished the withdrawal of the operating sleeve will first allow the forming rolls
to recede from and release the bottle neck; and will then withdraw the advancing
sleeve.
To move the operating sleeve backwardly and forwardly I may employ any
suitable means; either operated by hand or automatically.
It is highly desirable that, during the operation of forming and finishing the
bottle neck, a supply of pulverized charcoal or similar material be fed to the
forming rolls so as to prevent the forming rolls from taking up any part or portion
of the heated glass. In order to accomplish this result a reservoir is provided pre-
ferably in the shape of a hopper and having a fed device mounted therein. This
device is operated from some moving part of the machine so that the pulverized
charcoal is fed onto the forming rolls in a continuous and uniform manner as long
as the machine is in operation; and at all other times the feed mechanism is
stopped.
DL 1
0011 1
1
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Mechanism for Forming Bottle Necks.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to machines for forming and sizing the necks of glass
bottles, and it has for its object to provide a simple, economical and efficient
machine for forming bottle necks.
In the art to which this invention relates, it has been usual to form the necks
of glass bottles to a great extent by hand. This process of hand forming is very

page_text: expensive, and the bottle necks made by such process are not uniform in size or
finish. My invention is designed to overcome these objections and to produce a
machine which is automatic or semi-automatic in its nature for the purpose of
forming the necks of the bottles economically and in a uniform manner.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect, I will proceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompany-
ing drawings, in which-
Figure 1 is a side elevation;
Figure 2 a detail sectional view; and
Figure 3 a transverse section on the line, x, of Figure 2, illustrating the
machine I prefer to employ.
A is the main spindle or mandrel mounted in bearings a in the head stock B.
This main spindle or mandrel has a rotary movement only, and carries with it
a forming plug C which enters into the neck of the bottle, holds the same in
position, and forms and finishes the interior thereof.
To size and finish the exterior of the bottle neck, I provide one or more forming
rolls D rotatably mounted upon parallel holding bars D. These forming rolls,
with their parallel holding bars, are preferably mounted in a slotted disc
secured upon the main spindle or mandrel A, so that said bars can be moved
inwardly and outwardly independently of the spindle while having a common
rotary motion with the spindle, but will be prevented from longitudinal
movement.
In order to move the forming rolls inwardly and outwardly, I provide a sleeve G
having one or more sets of lugs g, gl. These lugs are connected with the parallel
holding bars by means of the links G1 G2 so that they act as toggles, and as the
sleeve is moved forwardly or toward the forming plug the links are caused to
approach a vertical position, and the parallel bars are consequently moved inwardly.
When the sleeve is moved backwardly or toward the frame of the machine, the
links are allowed to approach a horizontal position and permit centrifugal force
due to the rotation of the parts, or other means, such as springs, to move the
parallel bars with their forming rolls outwardly and away from the bottle neck.
It sometimes occurs that a piece of hard or cool material, such as flint, is in
the bottle neck, or that some hard substance may get between the neck and the
rolls, and in such case the rolls may be damaged or the bottle neck be destroyed.
In order to avoid this, I provide for a slight outward movement of the rolls when
necessary, such movement being controlled by a spring. This part of my inven-
tion is clearly shown in Figure 2. Each of the links G2 is provided with a
slot G³, instead of having a cylindrical perforation, through which passes the pin
connecting said link to the lugs g¹. A spring located in a recess in the extre-
mity of the lug g', bears against the end of the said link and tends constantly to
maintain the link in such position that the said pin is at the outer extremity
of the aforesaid slot and the bars D are parallel. When, however, any obstruc-
tion such as above mentioned is met by one of the rolls, said spring 2 will allow
the link G to move over the said pin to the extent of the slot G³, and thus permit
a slight angular movement to the bar D', so that the roll can rise or recede from
the bottle neck to pass over the obstruction.
An examination of the drawings together with the foregoing description will
show that the forming rolls form or shape the exterior of the bottle; and for
forming the lip of the bottle I reduce a portion of the rolls 1) to a smaller diameter
at d. It is well known that if the bottle were pushed forwardly while in the
soft, ductile and heated condition, so as to curl up the front portion and form the
bottle lip, the shoulder of the bottle would be crumpled and probably be destroyed;
and in order to overcome this objection and form the bottle lip I provide what I
term an advancing sleeve H, which is mounted in the main spindle and surrounds
and forms a bearing for the forming plug C. This advancing sleeve H is
operated by means of the pin or bolt h secured in the operating sleeve G, passing
through slots or openings h¹ in the main spindle or mandrel and entering slots or

page_text: openings in the advancing sleeve H. These latter slots or openings are of such
a length as to permit the operating sleeve to be moved forwardly and force the
forming rolls in contact with the bottle neck before the advancing sleeve is
operated. The continuation of the forward movement of the operating sleeve
forces the advancing sleeve forward so as to curl up the front portion of the bottle 5
neck and form the lip of the same while the remainder of the bottle neck is
being held and operated upon by the forming rolls. After the formation of the
bottle neck is finished, the withdrawal of the sleeve G will first, by allowing the
links G to move toward their horizontal position, allow the rolls D to recede
from and release the bottle neck, and will then withdraw the sleeve H by reason 1
of the pin h abutting against the rear extremity of the slot in such sleeve.
To move the operating sleeve backwardly and forwardly, a bell. crank lever I is
employed and connected to the head stock by means of the spring i. The bell
crank lever may, in turn, be operated by a feed or other operative mechanism
(not shown) with which it may be connected by means of a rod i¹.
It is highly desirable that, during the operation of forming and finishing the
bottle neck, a supply of pulverized charcoal or similar material be fed to the
forming rolls so as to prevent the forming rolls from taking up any part or por-
tion of the heated glass. In order to accomplish this result a reservoir K is
provided, preferably in the shape of a hopper, and having a feed screw k mounted
therein. This feed screw is rotated by means of its shaft k¹ which is connected
to the main spindle of the machine by means of the cord or belt K', and conse-
quently the pulverized charcoal is fed through the spout 2 onto the forming
rolls in a continuous and uniform manner as long as the machine is in operation;
and at all other times the feed mechanism is stopped.
The operation of the invention is as follows:
The spindle having been started, the bottle L is placed in the spring snap or
support M, and, while its neck portion is in a heated condition, is forced on the
forming plug. The operator then moves the bell crank lever and forces the
operating sleeve & forward, so that the forming rolls touch and rotate against
the bottle neck and hold it while the advancing sleeve H moves forward to curl
up the front portion of the neck and form the bottle lip. The continued rotation
of the main spindle sizes and finishes the bottle neck on the exterior and interior.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In niechanism for forming or shaping bottle necks, one or more bars carrying
forming rolls, said bars being capable of being moved inwardly or outwardly
while remaining parallel to the bottle neck, substantially as described.
2. In mechanism of the kind referred to in the preceding claim, an operating
sleeve mounted to slide on the rotating mandrel and carrying lugs to which are
pivoted links connected to the bars on which the rolls are mounted, and a slotted
disc mounted on said mandrel in which said bars are guided radially, substantially
as and for the purposes described.
3. In mechanism of the kind referred to in the preceding claims, a link for
connecting the roll holding bar to the forward lug slotted at that extremity con-
nected to said lug, the pivot pin of the connection passing through said slot, and
a spring bearing upon the extremity of said link, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
4. In mechanism for forming or shaping bottle necks, the combination with
rolls having a shoulder formed by reducing the diameter of a portion thereof, of
an advancing sleeve so mounted and operated as to be pushed against the front
of the neck so as to form the lip thereon after the said rolls have been brought
up to said neck, substantially as described.
5. The combination with mechanism of the kind referred to of a reservoir for
holding pulverized charcoal or similar material, and a feed device in connection

page_text: therewith operated by a moving part of the mechanism so as to feed the charcoal
to the forming rolls only when the mechanism is in operation.
6. Mechanism for forming or shaping bottle necks having its parts arranged
and combined to operate substantially as described with reference to, the accom-
panying drawings.
Dated thie 19th day of June 1899
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.