Improvements in Slow Combustion Stoves.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd July, 1889-Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Slow Combustion Stoves.
I, WILLIAM BISHOP, of 13 West Street Road, Boston, in the County of Lincoln,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
My invention has for its object to effect an economy in the consumption of fuel and
also a more perfect combustion in slow combustion stoves, while providing means for
regulating such combustion at will.
For this purpose I conduct air from the outside of the building through a perforated
box, preferably of cast iron, which is let into the wall and is provided with means for
opening same for the purpose of clearing it when requisite. A pipe of suitable
dimensions and material conducts the air to a pan which closely fits the bottom of
the grate so as to prevent the ingress or egress of air to or from the room to be
heated.
Within the pan a perforated cone is arranged so as to prevent the ashes or dust
from the fire from entering the pipes which conduct the outer atmospheric air to the
stove to support combustion.
The bottom of the grate is preferably of cast iron and is provided with minute
perforations which are enlarged in a downward direction, so as to prevent the ashes of
the consumed fuel from blocking or stopping them up.
The bars of the grate are flat and are arranged in a slanting direction so as to
prevent the fuel falling out of the grate and also the ash, thus avoiding the
necessity of an ash pan.
Within the pan fitted to the bottom of the grate I provide an evaporator containing
water. the vapour from which is carried through the fire by the air and absorbs the
carbonic acid gas as it is given off in the course of combustion.
I also provide crocus to absorb the carburetted hydrogen, and common salt to
absorb the sulphurous acid gas, as they are evolved, such substances serving to clear
the fire and secure a free up draught into the chimney.
A valve is provided in the perforated cone and serves to regulate the amount of air
supplied to the burning fuel, whereby the rate of combustion can be regulated as
desired, and by closing the valve entirely the fire can be extinguished when no
longer required.
Dated this 4th day of October 1888.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Slow Combustion Stoves.
I, WILLIAM BISHOP, of 13 West Street Road, Boston, in the County of Lincoln,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object to effect an economy in the consumption of fuel and
also a more perfect combustion in slow combustion stoves, while providing means for
regulating such combustion at will.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 2 a
transverse section illustrating my invention.
I conduct air from the outside of the building (in which the stove
through the box A, which is let into the wall B (as shown in Fig. 1).
inner walls of the box are perforated or slotted at their upper ends as
Price 8d 1
is to be used)
The outer and
shown, and the

page_text: upper part of the outer wall of same is hinged in order to enable the box to be cleaned
out when required. Over the perforated or slotted portion of the outer wall of the
box a slide a is arranged and serves to regulate the passage of air through such box,
the slide being provided with perforations or slots similar to those in the outer wall.
The bottom part of the box A constitutes a receptacle for water, over which the air in
its travel through the box passes, and takes up a certain amount of moisture. The
liquid in the box must be renewed from time to time.
From the inner wall of the box a pipe or conduit C (of any suitable material) leads
to an enclosed space D beneath the hearthstone E of the stove, so that the air admitted
through the box A passes into such closed space D. The hearthstone E has four
openings e pierced through it.
The base of the stove consists of four hollow feet F of which the two back ones
are connected together at top by a tube or passage F, while a similar tube or
passage F2, F2, is arranged at each side and connects the back feet with the front ones.
The space between the feet is closed in (with bricks, firebrick or other suitable
material) except at front. The four openings e provided in the hearthstone E corre-
spond with the hollow feet F, so that when the stove is in position such feet cover the
openings, and air can consequently pass up the feet, and into the passages connecting
same. The inner walls of the passages F1, F2, are perforated or slotted as shown
at f.
Into the space enclosed by the feet F and passages F, F, an ash box G is caused
to slide from the open front of such space, leaving a clear space all round it so as not
to obstruct the openings in the passages F1, F2, such box serving to receive the ashes
from the fuel consumed in the stove. The front of box G is formed to closely fit the
opening between the front feet F, and thereby prevent the ingress of air through
such opening.
Above the passages F1, F2, the bottom H of the grate is arranged, such bottom
being perforated or slotted, and the perforations or slots being preferably larger at the
bottom than at top (as shown) for the purpose of keeping same free by facilitating the
passage of the ashes therethrough, into the box G underneath. The bottom H is
preferably capable of being moved to and fro, so as to enable the ashes to be shaken
therefrom if requisite. The edges of the upper side of the bottom H are bevelled or
slanted down towards the middle, so that when the bottom is shaken to and fro, the
dust thereon has a natural tendency to fall down towards the central perforated or
slotted portion thereof instead of some of same falling over the edges.
The front of the stove consists of any suitable number of bars I, which are
.arranged to slant inwards as shown for the purpose of preventing the fuel or ashes
falling out through the front. These bars preferably slide into sockets or grooves
formed in the sides of the front of the stove.
If desired I may arrange a shelf or tray J beneath each of the bars I, such shelves
being perforated or slotted and their perforations or slots made wider at bottom than
at top, to prevent obstruction by dust. These shelves enable me to arrange the fuel
in two or more layers, and to burn same from the top downwards, for which purpose a
fire will first be lighted in the upper compartment, the lower compartments being
simply filled with fuel. When the fuel in the upper compartment has become
sufficiently ignited, the shelf or tray J upon which it rests may be removed by sliding
it from under the fuel, which will then fall on to the top of that in the compartment
beneath, the lower inner edge of the bar I above such shelf preventing the fuel being
carried outwards with the shelf or tray J.
The burning fuel may thus be caused to pass downwards and ignite the fuel in each
of the campartments in succession as required, by successively removing the shelves
or trays J.
The air admitted through the box A and conduit Centers the space D beneath the
hearthstone E, and will pass by the feet F to passages F1, F2, through the openings f
therein, and upwards through the perforated or slotted bottom H, and thence in suc-
cession through the perforated or slotted shelves or trays J, thus causing the necessary
updraught to the chimney or Aue X, and supplying the requisite amount of air to

page_text: ensure the perfect combustion of the fuel, while greatly economizing same and
ensuring a more perfect combustion of the smoke and gases given off from the burning
fuel.
If found advisable the enclosed space D or the passages F¹, F", or both, may also
be provided with water receptacles to enable the air in its passage therethrough to
take up the requisite amount of moisture to aid combustion and absorb the carbonic
acid gas given off during same.
The perforations of the box A, the passages F¹, F, bottom of grate H and of the
shelves or trays J will be so proportioned as to ensure the requisite draught for
effecting the perfect combustion of the fuel, and the products of combustion there-
from, and a valve or valves may be fitted either in the conduit C or the feet F or
passages F, F, in order to enable such draught to be. regulated as desired or found
necessary, and to extinguish the fire (by closing such valve or valves) when no longer
required.
A suitable tool or tools will be provided to enable the bottom H and the shelves or
trays J to be shaken or removed, and also the bars I to be removed when required,
for which purpose the whole of such parts are provided at their front edge with a
suitable opening to receive such tool.
In order to enable the carburetted hydrogen and the sulphurous acid gas given off
during combustion to be absorbed I preferably sprinkle over or otherwise mix with
the fuel a suitable quantity of crocus and of common salt, such substances ensuring a
clear fire and a free up draught to the chimney.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved stove constructed and operating substantially as specified.
2. A stove having a closed space beneath the hearth, to which space air is
admitted through a suitable opening from the outside of the building, and passages or
openings leading from such closed space to a closed space under the grate whereby
the air is able to pass up through the perforated. or slotted bottom of such grate
directly from the outside of the building, substantially as specified.
3. Forming the perforations or slots in the bottom H of the grate, wider at bottom
than at top, so as to enable the openings to be kept free from dust, and present no
obstacle to the passage of air, substantially as specified.
4. Mounting the bottom H so that it can be moved to and fro to clear the openings
of dust, substantially as specified.
5. Forming the front of the stove with bars slanting from the top downwards
and inwards, to prevent dust or cinders falling out in front of such stove, sub-
stantially as specified.
6. The arrangement of one or more removable perforated or slotted shelves in the
body of the stove, for the purpose of enabling the fuel to be burnt from the top
downwards, substantially as specified.
7. Mounting the bottom H, bars I, and shelves J, so that they can be either
shaken to and fro or removed when required, by means of a suitable tool, substantially
as specified.
8. Providing a water receptacle in the passages through which the air is caused to
pass in its travel from the outside of the building to the stove, substantially as
specified.
D
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.