AN IMPROVED APPAratus FOR EFFECTING MORE COMPLETE COMBUSTION IN FURNACES, ESPECIALLY IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Schallehn, of Brixton, in the County of
of Surrey, Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPAratus
FOR EFFECTING MORE COMPLETE COMBUSTION IN FURNACES, ESPECIALLY IN
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES."-A communication from abroad by Johann
Henrick Gottfried Stamer, of Altona, Holstein, in the Empire of
Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Schallehn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th May 1873.
I, HENRY SCHALLEHN, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING MORE COMPLETE COMBUSTION IN FURNACES, ESPECIALLY
IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to obviate the waste of fuel and com-
bustible substance which are thrown out unburnt in consequence of the
present modes of arrangement adopted in locomotive and other furnaces,
and rendering the combustion more complete; and to effect this I have

page_text: a permanent continuous current of air directed by the apparatus after-
described through and pervading as it were the whole fire-place, this
current of air being intended to cause the combustion of all the waste
gases which in the ordinary arrangements are thrown out by the strong
exhaust draught of the locomotive or the powerful action of a chimney.
•
In the particular case of locomotives I make use of the following
arrangement :-I fix beneath the fire-box a draught catcher which
catches up the draught or current of air caused by the resistance of the
air against the train in motion. This draught catcher consists of a tuyer-
shaped piece extending all the way or partly across the front, and another
across or partly across the back of the fire-place or fire-box, provided
with shutting registers at one end of either or both catchers so as to be
thrown open or kept shut, according to the direction in which the engine
moves. This draught catcher is rather wide mouthed, and of a flat
funnel shape at the bottom, diminishing to a narrow longitudinal
aperture at the delivery end of the tuyer, which stands about half way
up the charge of fuel and inclining towards the centre, but different
mouths for the delivery of air may be distributed so as to act upon the
various strata or layers of fuel in the fire-box. The sectional shape of
the delivery mouth may be either flat or curved either inwards, upwards,
or downwards. The lower end of the draught catcher is provided with
one or more hinged plates or registers, or plates connected thereto in
such a manner as to admit of being closed and opened, which by means
of levers and rods are placed under the control of the engine driver and
serve to regulate or entirely shut off the draught. These plates are
gently curved so as to guide the air, and when lowered into their normal
opening condition divide the entrance of the ash-box into two nearly
equal parts, the upper one of which is subservient to the fanned or other
air catcher, and the lower one to the usual draught through the grate
bars and the cooling of the same and the fanning of the fire. The draught
catcher is secured to the sides of the fire-box by stay bolts, and the
intervenient space filled up with fire-clay or other suitable material.
In the application of this apparatus to furnaces that are stationary,
and therefore do not create a pressure of air upon the air catcher, some
equivalent plan may be adopted for supplying the air to be introduced
into the air catcher by the use of a fanning or draught-creating appliance.

page_text: .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Henry Schallehn in the Great Seal Patent Offico
on the 27th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, HENRY
SCHALLEHN, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry Schallehn, Her
special licence that I, the said Henry Schallehn, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Schallehn,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING MORE COMPLETE COMBUSTION IN FURNACES,
ESPECIALLY IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES," (a communication to me from abroad
by Johann Henrick Gottfried Stamer, of Altona, Holstein, in the Empire
of Germany) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry
Schallehn, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Schallehn, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings here.
unto annexed, that is to say :-
The object of my Invention is to obviate the waste of fuel and com-
bustible substance which are thrown out unburnt in consequence of the
present mode of arrangement adopted in locomotive and other furnaces

page_text: by rendering the combustion more complete. To effect this I introduce
a permanent continuous current of air by means of the improved
apparatus after-described into and through the whole fire-box or place,
this current of air being intended to cause the combustion of all the
waste carbon and gases which in the ordinary arrangements are thrown
out by the strong exhaust draft of the locomotive, or other powerful
action of a chimney.
I fix to the fire-box a draught catcher, as shewn in Drawing, Fig. 1,
cast of iron or other suitable material, which catches up the draught or
current of air caused in the case of locomotive engines by the resistance
of the air to the train in motion and conveys it into the fire-box. This
draught catcher consists of a tuyer or funnel-shaped piece extending all the
way or partly across, but I prefer to extend it the whole way across the
front, and another across or partly across the back of the fire-place or fire-
box, or only across the front or back, as may be deemed advisable,
provided with a shutting register or damper at one end of either or both
catchers so as to be thrown open or kept shut as may be required. This
damper or register is worked by means of a crank and drawing rod, as
shewn in the Drawing, Figs. 1 and 2, f, f. The draught catcher is
rather wide mouthed and of a flat funnel shape at the bottom, diminishing
to a narrow longitudinal aperture at the delivery end, which I prefer to
make in the form of an arch, as shewn in the Drawing, Figure 2. I
prefer to make the apparatus so that the delivery mouth may stand
about half way up the charge of fuel, and inclined or bent inwards
towards the centre of the fire-box; but different mouths for the delivery
of air may be made in the apparatus so as to act upon the various strata
or layers of fuel in the fire-box. The sectional shape of the delivery
mouth may be either flat or curved either inwards, upwards, or down-
wards. I prefer to make the top of the apparatus of such a curve or
arch that in the centre it shall be of the height of 18 inches from the
fire-bars, and at the 2 sides of about 12 inches. The lower end of the
draught catcher is provided with one or more hinged plates, or registers,
or dampers, connected in such a manner as to admit of being closed and
opened, which by means of a crank and drawing rod are placed under the
controul of the engine driver and serve to regulate or entirely shut off the
draught. This damper is gently curved so as to guide the air, and when
lowered into its normal open condition divides the entrance of the ash-
box into 2 nearly equal parts or open spaces (as shewn in Drawing,

page_text: Having now described my Invention I claim, an apparatus sub-
stantially as above described, applied to locomotive or other engines
for the purposes above mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Schallehn, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
HENRY SCHALLEHN. (L.S.)