Year: 1897

page_text: I, FREDERICK LAMPLOUGH, of Glen Ridge, New Jersey, in the United States of
America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to a novel arrangement and combination of parts constituting
a complete motor system.
According to my invention I generate steam by what I term a primary and
secondary generator of tubular construction capable of being taken to pieces at will.
The primary generator preferably is composed of a number of pairs of concentric
tubes, the annular space between them forming the water space; cross water tubes
are fixed to the inner tubes which latter forin the furnaces. The annular water
spaces are connected with the steam space by means of suitable ports in the front and
rear plates of the generator. In the steam space is placed the secondary generator,
made preferably in the form of a coil enclosed in an outer tube forming the said
steam space; two or more of said secondary generators being employed as may be
required.
°
In making my generator I cone the ends of the tubes and provide conical seats in
the generator end plates, I also provide the bolts or stays with conical heads and nuts
which also fit coned holes in the end plates.
The reason for employing this secondary generator is as follows:-Steam is
generated in the primary generator to any determined pressure say, for example 300
to 400 pounds in the ordinary way. Now in the event of steam being drawn from a
primary source, the water would have to be continually replaced, while great risks
would occur from priming and shortness of water, I therefore keep my primary
generator hermetically sealed, utilizing only the heat units stored up in the
steam spaces, and inject water into the secondary generators which is immediately
converted into steam, the steam thus formed passes to the engine or motor and
is used in the usual way, exhausting into a feed water heater and from there
into an air condenser where it is condensed and whence it is pumped back into
the coil or secondary generator and reconverted into steam thus avoiding the
trouble of a constant watch having to be kept upon the generator. The fuel I
propose to use is compressed oil gas stored in suitable cylinders or any available
oil may be used.
The pressure in the primary generator is controlled by its own force acting upon
either a diaphragm or a bent Bourdon gauge tube acting upon a valve to cut off the
supply of gas or oil when the desired pressure is reached, said valve being at other
times kept open by a spring, the pressure in the secondary generator through similar
apparatus controls its water supply from feed pump, diverting it by means of suitable
valves back into the hot well when sufficient steam is generated.
The feature of novelty in my motor consists in the use of a pair of engines each
engine is caused to control its own lap and lead by means of a lever attached to its
cross head, while it controls the opposite engine's cut off and reversing quadrant, by
these means I obtain a ratio of expansion by the movement of a single lever, extending
from the lead to practically 3 of full stroke.

page_text: I construct the condenser of hollow corrugated discs with air spices between them
for the purpose of causing a very rapid condensing action and giving lightness and
strength, it is also fitted with an automatic air relief valve, operated by a sinali
aneroid box in which a volatile fluid has been sealed and as soon as air is exhausted
the temperature of exhaust steam expands the aneroid box and closes valve.
The general arrangement being similar to that of a compound set of ships engines,
with the exception that I discard the use of the air and circulating pumps and use
air in place of circulating water for condensing.
1
1005
Improvements in and connected with Steam motors.
I, FREDERICK LAMPLOUGH, of Glen Ridge, New Jersey, in the United States of
America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
theme is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statt ment :--
The invention relates to a novel arrangement au coion of parts to tituting
a complete motor system specially designed for motor cars and comprising improv
ments in the engine, generator, condenser and method of controlling pressures and
supplies.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a
general view of my improved motor system showing all the parts coupled up, Fig. 2
is an end elevation of the generator, Fig. 3 is an inside view of one of the generator
end plates, Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section of one of the generator end plates and of
one end of one member of the primary generator, Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section,
and Fig. 6 is an end view of one member of the primary generator, Fig. 7 is a
longitudinal section of one member of the secondary generator, Fig. 8 is a plan partly
in section of the gas burners and Fig. 9 is a vertical section of one of the same, Fig. 10
is a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 11 is an end view of one of the oil burners and
Fig. 11 is a sectional view of part of the same to an enlarged scale. Fig. 12 is an
elevation of the motor as fitted in its oil case, Fig. 13 is a plan of the motor; Fig. 14
is a side elevation partly in section of one engine of the motor showing the valve box
and valve gear, Fig. 144 is a side elevation of the other engine showing part of valve
gear, Fig. 15 is an elevation of the motor at right angles to Fig. 14 and partly in
section showing the valve seat of one cylinder, a partial sectional elevation of the
other cylinder and the valve motion connecting rods and crank shaft, Fig. 16 is an
inverted plan showing the cross heads, slides and valve gear, Figs. 17 to 22 are detail
views of some of the parts of the valve gear, Figs. 23 to 28 are detail views of other
parts of the valve gear, Fig. 29 is a side elevation of the condenser partly in section,
Fig. 30 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 31 is an end view of the feed water heater,
Fig. 32 is a vertical section of the feed pump and Fig. 33 is a sectional elevation of
part thereof. Figs. 34 and 34 are longitudinal sections of valves for returning feed
water to the hot well, Figs. 35 and 35A are longitudinal sections of valves for
controlling the supply of oil or gas to the burners. The valves Figs. 34 and 35 are
for use with steam pressures up to about 150lbs. to the square inch whilst valves
Figs. 344 and 354 are more suitable for higher pressures. Fig. 36 is a longitudinal
section, Fig. 37 is a cross section and Figs. 38, 39, 40, 41 and 42 are detail views of a
gas pressure reducing valve and Fig. 43 is a cross section of a pressure regulating gas
receiver.

page_text: In all the figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
According to my invention I generate steam by what, I term a primary and
secondary generator of tubular construction capable of being taken to pieces at will
as represented by Figs. 2 to 7. The primary generator is composed preferably of a
number of pairs of concentric tubes a a¹ with annular water spaces a² between
them; cross water tubes a³ are fixed to the inner tubes a¹ which latter form the
combustion chambers or furnaces.
The annular water spaces a² are connected with the steam space, which is formed
of two or more tubes at, see Fig. 7, by means of ports as in the front and rear
plates a and the water spaces of the primary generator intercommunicate by means
of ports a in such end plates whilst the steam spaces of the secondary generator
intercommunicate by means of ports a³, also in such end plates. Within each of
the steam space tubes a' is placed a secondary generator made preferably in the form
of a coil aº.
In making my improved generator I provide cones on the ends of the
tubes a, a, a, and conical seats a0, a1, a2 in the generator end plates a and I
retain the said tubes and plates together by bolts or stays as having conical heads
and nuts a which latter also fit coned holes a15 in the plates a®.
The reason for employing the secondary generator is as follows:-Steam is
generated in the primary generator to any determined pressure. Now in the event
of steam being drawn from a primary source, the water would have to be continually
replaced while great risks would arise from priming and shortness of water. I
therefore keep my primary generator hermetically sealed, utilizing only the heat
units stored up in the steam "spaces a* and inject water into the secondary
generators a³ which is immediately converted into steam the steam thus formed
passes to the engine or motor and is used in the usual way, exhausting into a feed
water heater b, see Figs. 30 and 31 and from there into a condenser c where it is
condensed, thence returned to the hot well, whence it is pumped back by the pump d,
through the non-return valve d¹, pipes d², feed water heater b, pipes 6' and non-
return valve 6 see Figs. 1, 32, 33, into the secondary generators a and reconverted
into steam or diverted by the valve k through the pipe to the hot well, thus
avoiding the trouble of a constant watch having to be kept upon the generator. By
the above arrangement a very small loss of water takes place, thus avoiding the
necessity for carrying a large reserve of water, which is a great advantage in motor
propulsion.
The fuels I propose to use are compressed oil gas and any available oil, either of
which may be used according to convenience or necessity.
The compressed oil gas is stored in cylinders e provided with a pressure reducing
valve e¹ on the outlet pipe e which latter communicates with a pressure regulating
receiver whose exit is connected by the pipe f" with the burner supply tube g to
which the Bunsen burner tubes g¹ located within the primary generator furnaces are
fixed. The supply of gas from the tube g to the burner tubes g¹ is regulated by
needle valves g² as is well understood.
The pressure reducing valve e¹ see Figs. 36 to 42 is provided with an inlet
passage e communicating with a passage e formed in a fixed piece e³, the open end
of which forms the valve seat; e is the valve which is carried by the frame e fixed
to the spindle e passing loosely through a hole in the valve body.
The spindle is adjustably connected to the outer plate of an expansion box e³,
whose inner plate is fixed to the valve body, the space in the expansion chamber
communicating freely with the interior of the valve; e is the outlet.
Thus as
pressure increases within the valve body and consequently, within the expansion box
the valve e is caused to approach more or less closely to its seat, to shut off or
decrease the quantity of gas passing therethrough.
The pressure regulating receiver f see Fig. 43 has an inlet f¹ provided with a valve
seat and an outlet 2. In connection with such valve seat is a valve f³, operated by a
bell crank lever ft connected by links to an expansion box f which is open to the

page_text: interior of the receiver. Thus if pressure accumulates beyond a certain amount
within the receiver f the upper plate of the box is raised and the valve f³ is moved
towards its seat to cut off or reduce the entry of gas to the receiver f.
By the use of a reducing valve and a pressure regulating receiver I am enabled to
obtain a complete control over the pressure of the gas supply.
The oil burners, see Figs. 1, 10 and 11 are constructed as follows:-g³ is the inlet
tube for oil which latter passes through the pipe g' and when the valve permits, into
the valve tube g³ whence it drops into the retort gⓇ.
The valve tube g³ is surmounted by an expansion box g' communicating with the
interior of the retort and through this expansion box is passed a screw threaded valve 1
spindle provided with a hollow cylindrical valve g at its lower end and with a
inilled head by which it can be rotated to regulate the position of the valve g³.
The valve g³ as seen in Figs. 10 and 11ª is open at its lower end and has passages
formed through its upper end to establish a through communication between the
interior of the retort and the interior of the expansion box.
Axially of the retort is a tube g10 open at one end to the retort and at the other to
a small chamber g" which latter is provided with an opening regulated by a needle
valve g. The chamber gll opens into a tube g¹³ surrounding the retort but leaving
an annular space between them and such tube g¹s is provided with an opening g" at
one end into which air is drawn by the current of vapour issuing from the :
chamber whilst vapour mixed with air issues from the other end and is there
ignitd.
T
a
To start the little methylated him in the emy" and lighted,
the retort g' is thereby heated, the oil valve is opened to
few drops oi
oil thereby allowed to pass through tube g' and valve g³ into the retort 3. The:
retort being heated vaporizes the oil which creates a slight pressure, this rises into
the expansion box g' and by acting thereon raises the valve g and shuts off the oil
supply until the vapour generated has been used. This goes on so long as the supply
⚫of oil lasts.
The oil is stored in a closed vessel with sufficient air pressure pumped in on the
surface to lift the oil to the burners.
When using heavy oils I employ a hood or baffle g1 and a deflector 917 as
shown by dotted lines at Fig. 10 to cause a higher temperature to be given to
the retort g*.
The valve at Fig. 10 is shown closed. I would here remark that the gas is used
in places where it is unadvisable or forbidden to use oil, whilst the oil is used
It will
where gas cannot be obtained or when the supply of gas is exhausted.
be noticed that the furnace tubes a¹ are open at both ends, thereby enabling the
draught to pass in either direction according to whether oil or gas is used.
The pressure in the primary generator is controlled by its own force acting upon a
diaphragm as shown at Fig. 35 or upon a bent Bourdon gauge tube as shown at
Fig. 35 to regulate the supply of gas or oil.
In the arrangement shown at Fig. 35 the steam pressure acts upon the underside
of the diaphragm forming the head of the chamber h and this diaphragm acts on the
stem of the valve h¹ to cut off the supply of gas or oil when the desired pressure is
reached, said valve being at other times kept open by a spring h³ whose strength is
regulated by the screwed pin h³.
In the arrangement shown at Fig. 354 the steam enters a Bourdon gauge
tube h* one end of which is open to the steam pressure whilst the head thereof acts
upon the stem of the valve ¹ to cut off the supply of gas or oil when the desired
pressure is reached, such valve being at other times kept open by the spring h**
A valve such as that shown at Fig. 35 or Fig. 35* is used to regulate the oil supply
as well as the gas supply. The pressure in the secondary generators through
somewhat similar valve apparatus such as that represented at Figs. 34 and 34ª controls
its water supply from the feed pump & diverting it through said valve and through a
pipe back into the hot well when not required, that is to say, when sufficient
j
d
5

page_text: steam is generated, the valve at such time being opened and a passage thereby
formed past such valve and through the pipe l³.
The valve shown at Fig. 34 is constructed similarly to that shown at Fig. 35 except
that the valve k¹ is reversed as compared to valve hand is opened by the diaphragm
at the head of chamber which is acted upon by the steam pressure whilst it is
closed by the spring *.
The arrangement represented at Fig. 34A is constructed similarly to that shown at
Fig. 354 except that valve 1 is reversed as compared with valve h¹ and is opened
by the head of the Bourdon tube k which is acted upon by the steam pressure such
valve being closed by the spring k**.
1, are two pairs of engines to which steam is supplied by the pipes and the
feature of novelty in my engines or motor consists in the use of one or more pairs of
engines in which each engine is caused to control. its own lap and lead movement of
the valve by means of a lever attached to its own crosshead while it controls the
opposite engine's cut off and reversing quadrant. By these means I obtain a steam
adinission by the movement of a single lever, extending from the lead to practically
of full stroke which enables the engine to be worked as an expansion motor without
complication with an ordinary slide valve.
In carrying this part of my invention into effect. I provide each engine with a
combination of parts identical in number of parts and in their mutual action.
This is effected as follows and as represented at Figs. 12 to 28. The crossheads m m¹
have pivotted to projections m2 m³ thereon.links n n jointed at their free ends to
long levers o o¹ which I call the quadrant levers, the angularity of n n' being to
compensate for angularity of connecting rods; shorter levers 02 03 are respectively
jointed to and carried by the quadrant levers o o'. The levers o os have pivotted to
their upper ends radius rods p p¹ and valve connection links q q². The radius
rods are jointed to the blocks or slides which slide on the quadrants ³ ³
Drag links & 8 are also jointed at one end to the blocks r¹ and at their other end to
reversing levers 828 having their axis a mounted in a fixed bearing.
These levers 83, 8° are of crank form connected by pin joint at their outer ends to a
link 8 connected to a rod & operated by the hand lever 87. Thus by moving the
hand lever 87 the parts may be moved so as to vary the direction of motion of the
engines and the cut off and expansion of the steam.
✔
The quadrant levers o o² are keyed on rocking shafts tt which carry the
quadrants,, the shaft t carrying the quadrant and the shaft the quadrant 72.
The rocking shafts & tare mounted in fixed bearings in the frame t² and the blocks
or slides are slotted on their inner sides see Figs. 14, 15 and 16 to permit of their
movement on the quadrants 273.
It will be seen that the extent of motion of the valve of each engine will be
determined by the position of the blocks upon the quadrants and that these
latter are moved simultaneously the quadrant 2 being moved by the lever of and the
quadrant by the lever o. When the blocks rare in the mid position each pair
of levers o, o³, o¹, o³ will move as one so that the movement given to each valve is
simply that of lap and lead.
It will be readily understood that the engines are reversed by shifting the
blocks to one or other side of the mid position and that the position of the blocks
on either side of the mid position determines the extent of the cut off and
expansion.
I construct the condenser of hollow discs or chambers c with air spaces c' between
them for the purpose of causing a very rapid condensing action and obtaining
lightness and strength. These hollow discs or chambers are formed of corrugated
plates provided with circular apertures preferably diametrically opposite to each
other and near their periphery where they are made to intercommunicate by menns
of rings c radially perforated to communicate with the hollow discs and fitting
closely together. These hollow discs c are secured together by two bolts c³ passing
axially through the rings c* and by a central hollow shaft c³ passing axially through

page_text: non-perforated rings c**, said bolts and hollow shaft being provided with screws and
nuts as shown whereby the rings c*, c**, are forced firmly together and the condenser
made steam tight, c' is the exhaust inlet to the condenser and c is the exit and pipe
leading to the hot well j.
By this construction of condenser I obtain an extensive cooling surface together
with facility for taking the condenser to pieces for repair or otherwise.
The condenser is also fitted with an automatic air relief valve cooperated by a small
expansion box c' in which a volatile liquid has been sealed and as soon as air is
exhausted the temperature of the exhaust steam expands the box c and closes
valve cº.
This valve also acts to admit air to the condenser when the motor is temporarily
stopped thereby obviating any danger to the condenser.
u is a safety valve of any approved construction which for convenience is provided
with three branches one of which is connected to the primary generator, the
other two being respectively connected to the valve h and to a suitable pressure
gauge v.
By my improved motor system the attendant has merely to attend to the reversing
lever & all the other arrangements being self regulating.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved motor system consisting in the combination of a hermetically
closed primary generator, ondary generator into a water is pumped from the
hot well, a feed pump, a feed water heater, a motor consisting of a pair of engines in
which each engine controls its own lap and lead by a lever attached to its own crosshead
and controls the opposite engine's cut off and reversing quadrant, a pressure regulating
valve which acts to divert the feed water to the hot well when there is sufficient
pressure in the secondary generator, a cylinder to contain compressed gas, a reducing
valve connected to said cylinder, a gas pressure regulating receiver, gas and oil supply
regulating valves controlled by steam to regulate the supply of gas and oil to the
burners in accordance with the steam pressure, a self regulating oil burner and an air
surface condenser provided with an air relief valve, substantially as herein set
forth.
2. In a motor system a steam generator consisting in the combination of a
hermetically closed primary generator, a secondary generator heated by steam
generated in the primary generator and into which water is pumped from the hot well
as required, substantially as herein set forth.
3. In a motor system having a steam generator comprising a hermetically closed
primary generator and a secondary generator heated by the steam of the primary
generator, the peculiar construction of the generators consisting of the combination
of tubes provided with conical surfaces around their ends, end plates provided with
conical surfaces fitting the conical surfaces of the tubes, passages in the end plates
forming intercommunication between the members of the primary generator, between
the latter and the steam spaces and between the steam spaces, said tubes and plates
being bolted together by bolts having conical heads and nuts fitting corresponding
conical holes in the end plates, and a tubular coil within each of such steam spaces,
substantially as herein set forth.
4. In a motor system a condenser consisting in the combination of a number of
hollow discs formed of corrugated plates connected together in pairs to form alternate
steam spaces and air spaces, perforated connecting rings communicating with said
steam spaces and with each other, bolts and a hollow central shaft for securing all the
parts firmly together, an inlet, an outlet and an air relief valve, substantially as herein
set forth.
5. In a motor system the combination with the feed pump of a valve operated by
the steam pressure to regulate the supply of water to the secondary generator and to
divert it to the hot well when not required substantially as herein set forth.

page_text: 6. In a motor system provided with gas and oil burners, the combination with the
gas and oil supplies of valves operated by the steam pressure to regulate the supply of
gas and oil to the burners, substantially as herein set forth.
Dated December 9th 1897.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.