Improvements in Methods of Lighting by Electric Arc Lamps.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1395
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Methods of Lighting by Electric Arc Lamps.
I, PAUL HENRY GUÉRIN, of 4, Rue Sedaine, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists substantially in the interposition of a novel device in
electric arc lamps, for the purpose of utilizing the heat produced by the electric arc.
This device consists of an artificial stone formed partly of ingredients capable
of becoming incandescent, and secondly of agglomerating ingredients mixed with
them in proportions which may be varied more or less, and of which the following
are two examples :-
In these compositions, the lime, carbonate of lime, and silica, are intended to
become incandescent, whilst the remaining materials are merely for agglomerating
the composition.
Each ingredient being reduced to powder, they are thoroughly mixed together
and kneaded to a paste, by the addition of water, the paste being dried to a
consistence when it can be properly moulded.
It is then moulded into blocks the shape and size of which may be varied
according to the character of the lamps to which they are to be applied.
For example, when applied to a vertical are lamp, the heat utilizing device is
made preferably in the shape of a vertical cylindrical block, having a central
opening through which the upper carbon passes.
The lower face of the block is somewhat conically hollowed, the centre having
a smaller and more acute conical recess which surrounds the point where the electric
are is formed. The device is fixed to supports above by a crossbar carrying a
collar surrounding the upper end of the block, which is attached to it by screws, or
plain or spring hooks.
Or, if the lamp has horizontal carbons, the block may be moulded in the form
of a short truncated pyramid, the smaller end of which is downward. It is fixed
by a hook or fastening above, and its lower side has two grooves or channels formed
in it at right angles to each other, forming where they intersect a kind of arch
which is immediately above the point where the electric arc is formed, above the
two carbons which fit under the grooves, so that the composition forming the block
becomes incandescent at this part. Any other suitable form of block may be used.
By the improved device, regularity of the light is obtained, which is not
injuriously affected by the movement of the lamp; the light is whiter and of
increased power thau with the simple arc; the consumption of electricity is less,
D

page_text: and the apparatus can be very easily fixed and removed, when applied to any kind
of arc lamp.
Dated this 10th day of December 1895.
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: being suitable to the dimensions or diameter of the carbons 6 which are to be used.
Incandescence is produced at the annular conical part a Figure 1, in the centre
of which the electric arc is formed.
The heat-recuperative device is carried by the standards or frame of the lamp,
the method of fixing being varied to suit the particular form of lamp. Figures 1
and 2 show, by way of example, a collar c fixing the recuperative block d by means
of screws e. The said collar is connected by a cross-bar or bars to the frames of
the lamp (not shown in the drawing).
Figures 3 and 4 show the position of the recuperative device in the case of
horizontal lamps. The device fixed by a hook g or other equivalent fastening,
may be formed of a block d in the shape of a truncated cone (Figure 3) or of a
truncated pyramid (Figure 4). In each case the smaller end is arranged below,
and its lower side has two grooves or channels h crossing in the centre at right
angles, as shown in Figure 4 at a', which is just above the point where the electric
arc is produced, and which will be brought to a state of incandescence by the heat
of the latter. The depth of these grooves will be made variable according to the
diameter of the carbons, not only for the separate sized blocks, but also for the
same blocks.
But my invention, regularity of the light is obtained, which is not injuriously
affected by the movement of the lamp; the light is whiter and of increased power,
as compared with the simple arc; the consumption of electricity is less; and the
apparatus can be very easily fixed, adjusted, and removed, when applied to any
kind of arc lamp.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved devices, applicable to all kinds of arc lamps, prepared in the
manner and of the materials described, of sufficient solidity and infusibility, and
affording an increase of incandescence by the utilization of the heat of the arc,
substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 10th day of Sentember 1896.
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.