without Nails or Screws.
Year: 1886

page_text: without Nails or Screws.
3
We CHARLES EDWARD OLIVER of Forest Hall in the county of Northumberland,
Architect, JOHN GEORGE BURRELL of Western Hill Durham City in the county of
Durham, Architect and JAMES LORIMER OLIVER of 162 Rye Hill in the city and
county of Newcastle upon Tyne, Chartered Accountant, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
The invention is applicable to all floors or decking laid upon wood joists and
consists in securing the floor to the joists, without nails or screws, by means of
implements acting in the manner of "dogs" and "dowels" combined, shaped like
a single "flue" anchor, the vertical arm or "shank" having a point projecting from
it at a right angle to the top cross bar or
"stock These anchor "dogs" may be
made of iron (galvanized or not) or of any other metal by forging pressing stamping
or casting and may be formed in one piece, or the cross bar or "stock
may be a
separate piece-The cross bar or "stock" is inserted in the manner of a dowel"
into holes provided along the edges of the flooring boards, the shank (which is made
flat) projecting downward on the face of the joist against which its point rests―
The boards being "clamped" in the usual manner the flat shank of the dog is
pressed into the wood, or a recess may be provided in hard wood boards, thus
forming a close joint.
The workman now with his hammer drives the points of dogs home into the
joists along the whole length of the board and the next adjacent board being laid,
with the dogs fitted, they are driven home in the same manner till the whole floor
is completed. A floor laid upon this plan can be lifted up-if required-and relaid
without injury provision being made for raising one board in the first instance by
fixing it with screws.
The accompanying drawings fully illustrate the mode in which we propose to
carry out our invention practically.
Figure 1 is a section in line of joist, the flooring boards being shewn on one
portion "half-lapped" and on another portion "tongued-and-grooved."
Figure 2 is a section through the joists both being to full size scale.
A, A, are the anchor "dogs," the cross-bars or stocks B of which are inserte.l
iuto holes, provided in edges of flooring boards at the side of each joist, the flat

page_text: shanks projecting downward with the sharp points resting against the joist, as
shewn by dotted lines on figure 2, until ready for fixing when the workman from
the floor goes from joist to joist and with his hammer drives each point home into
the joist Another board being now laid this is repeated till the whole floor is laid
-If one board is secured with screws it will be seen that, by removing it, each of
the other boards can be successively drawn clear of each series of cross bar dowels B
when the "dogs" of that series may be removed and the next board released.
The anchor "dogs may be used between every board of the floor or between
alternate boards or at such intervals as the nature of the floor may require and
the "dogs" may be in some cases applied on both sides of each joist or of alternate
joista.
"
.
"
Figures 3 and 4 shew the "dogs" made in 2 different ways in one of which the
"stock B is formed in one piece with the "shank" and in the other it is made a
separate piece passing through a hole in top of "shank."-The point of the "dog
is preferably made of the shape shewn to enable it to tend to draw the board into
close contact with top of joist when driven home by the hammer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is,
The use of implements, acting as "dowels" and "dogs" combined, to secure the
flooring boards to the joists in wood floors without nails or screws substantially as
described and shown.
Dated the 21st day of July 1886.
CHAS. E. OLIVER.
JOHN G. BURRELL.
JAMES L. OLIVER.
Witness
T. J. DANSON, F. Inst. P.A.,
Consulting Engineer & Patent Agent,
Newcastle upon Tyne.