IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING, SHAPING, AND FORGING METALS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Dodge, of Waterford, Saratoga County,
State of New York, United States of America, Engineer, at present
residing at Manchester; in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING, SHAPING,
AND FORGING METALS."
Sealed the 16th September 1864, and dated the 9th April 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Dodge at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th April 1864.
I, JAMES DODGE, of Waterford, Saratoga County, State of New York,
United States of America, Engineer, at present residing at Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING, SHAPING,
AND FORGING METALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the machinery or appa-
ratus for rolling, shaping, and forging metals, described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to me the 13th day of October 1863, No. (2506)
whereby such machinery is rendered automatic or self-acting.
According to this Invention I propose to drive or actuate the cam or pattern
surfaces by means of gearing and self-acting clutches, in lieu of by friction;
worked either from the axis of one of the rolls of the machine or from any
other convenient part of the apparatus. The clutches are thrown out of gear

page_text: by the action of the machinė itself, and are thrown into gear by the act of
introducing between the rolls the article to be rolled, an adjustable stop or
guage being used for that purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Dodge in the Great, Seal Patent Office on the
8th October 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
DODGE, of Waterford, Saratoga County, State of New York, United States of
America, Engineer, at present residing at Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Dodge, Her special license that I, the said
James Dodge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said James Dodge, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING, SHAPING, AND
FORGING METALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
James Dodge, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Dodge do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to certain improvements in the machinery
or apparatus for rolling, shaping, and forging metals, described in th
the

page_text: Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on or about the 13th day of
October, 1868, No. 2506, whereby such machinery is rendered automatic or
self-acting.
According to this Invention, I propose to drive or actuate the cam or
pattern surfaces by means of gearing and self-acting clutches, in lieu of by
friction, worked either from the axis of one of the rolls of the machine or from
any other convenient part of the apparatus. The clutches are thrown out
gear by the action of the machine itself, and are thrown into gear by the
act of introducing between the rolls the article to be rolled, an adjustable stop
or guage being used for that purpose.
of
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
Figures.
Fig. 1 of my Drawings represents a side elevation of my improved machine
for rolling, shaping, and forging metals, constructed according to my present
Invention; Fig. 2 is a corresponding front elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is
a back elevation thereof; Fig. 4 is a sectional plan of the machine, corre-
sponding to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 is a plan of the top part thereof only.
A is the bed plate, or main support of the machine, upon which are bolted
the two upright standards B, B, and the plummer blocks C, C, for carrying
the bearings for the main driving shaft D. This shaft is provided with the
ordinary fast and loose driving pullies E, E¹, and fly wheel F, and has also
keyed on to it the small spur pinion G, which gears into the large spur wheel
H fast on the axis of the lower roll I. Rotatory motion is thus imparted
directly to the lower roll from the main driving shaft, and this rotatory motion
is transmitted to the upper roll I', by means of the pinion K, keyed on to the
opposite end of the axis of the lower roll, which pinion gears into a corre-
sponding pinion K¹, fast on the axis of the upper roll 1. The lower roll is
supported in stationary bearings fitted in the standards B, B, whilst the
bearings of the upper roll I' are free to rise and fall in the standards, a
vertical slot being provided in each standard for that purpose. In order to
allow of this vertical movement of the upper roll, without interfering with the
ction of the gearing K¹, K', the teeth of these pinions are made of extra
ength, so that they may not be ungeared by the rising of the roll I'. This
oll I' is elevated, when the file blank or other article to be rolled or forged
s to be introduced between the rolls by means of the double or forked lever L
vorking on fulcra at M, and connected by the link N, with the foot lever

page_text: or treadle O. Each arm of the forked lever L passes under one of the
bearings of the upper roll, so that on depressing the treadle with the foot
the upper roll will be raised sufficiently to admit of the piece of metal to be
rolled being introduced between the two rolls. In conjunction with these
rolls work one, two, or more cam or pattern surfaces P, P¹, the object of
which has been described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
me on or about the 18th day of October 1863, No. 2506. These cam or
pattern surfaces I now propose to work by special gearing, in place of by their
mere frictional contact with the upper roll, as described in the said Speci-
fication. Qis the centre or pivot upon which the cam or pattern surfaces
reciprocate it being recessed into the standards B of the machine. To each
pattern surface there is bolted or otherwise secured a quadrant rack, R, R¹,
which racks gear respectively with the spur pinions S, S', running loose upon
the shaft T, which works in bearings U, U, in the upper part of the standards
B, as shown more clearly in Fig. 5. A clutch V, V, is formed on the boss
of each pinion, and corresponding sliding clutches W, W¹, work on feathers in
the shaft T. A continuous rotatory motion is imparted to the shaft T by the
spur wheel H, which gears into an equal sized spur wheel X, keyed on to the
shaft T. One or other of the sliding clutches, W, W', as the case may be, is
thrown into gear with its corresponding pinion S or S¹ by the act of inserting
the file blank or other article to be rolled between the two rolls. This is
accomplished by the mechanism which I shall now proceed to describe.
Each of the clutches W, W, is governed by a short clutch lever Y, Y,
working horizontally on the centres Z, Z, (Fig. 5). The free ends of these
levers are respectively jointed to the upper ends of two vertical levers a, a,
working on stud centres b, 61, fixed to the standards B. c, c¹³, are two vertical
slides which work through the guides d, d, bolted to the standards B, and aro
situate immediately behind the vertical levers a, a¹. These slides are slotted
to allow of the stud centres of the levers a, a¹, passing through them into
the standards; they are further provided with oblique or inclined slots at e, e¹
into which slots enter the pins f,f, respectively fixed to the lower or free ends
of the vertical levers a, a¹, It will thus be obvious that on raising or lowering
either of the slides c, c¹, the inclined slot therein will cause the vertical lever to
turn slightly on its fulcrum 6 or 61, and so actuate the clutch lever Y or Y
and throw into or out of gear, as the case may be, the corresponding sliding
clutch W or W¹. This raising and lowering of the slides c, c', is effected
by the following contrivance. The lower end of each slide is bent outwards
at a right angle, as shown at c¹¹ and c", which portions are turned up a
their outer ends, to receive the ends of the two sliding rods 9, 9', respectively

page_text: the, inner ends of such rods passing each through a hole in the guides d, d¹,
and corresponding slide c and c', and entering a notch or recess in, the
standard, where they are held by the pressure of the blade springs h, h¹, against
their outer or opposite ends, and, consequently serve as bolts for holding the
slides c, c', stationary in their places, when such slides are in their highest
position. On to each of the rods g, g', is fitted a metal stop piece, i, i, secured.
by set screws,, and capable of adjustment along the rods nearer to or farther
from the rolls, to suit articles of different lengths. In this machine the rolling
is effected towards, the workman, the piece of metal to be rolled being pushed
home between the rolls until its front ends comes in contact with one or, other
of the stops i, ', according to the part of the rolls at which it is inserted. As
the end of the piece of metal pushes back, the stop with its corresponding
rod 9 or 9 on, being introduced into the machine, the corresponding vertical
slide c or c¹ will be released, and, will descend by its own gravity, or, if desired,
by the action of a spring or additional weight, such descent of the slide causing
the corresponding clutch W or W₁ to be thrown into gear with its pinion
S or S', through the intervention of the vertical levers a or a¹, and the clutch
levers Y or Y', in the manner herein-before described, and consequently the
corresponding cam or pattern surface P or P¹ will receive a positive motion
of the same speed as and simultaneous with the motion of the rolls, in lieu of
moving solely by their frictional contact with the upper roll. By the time
the piece of metal has passed from between the rolls a stop k secured to each
of the cam or pattern surfaces comes in contact with a projecting lug or arm
on the upper end of each of the slides c, c, and lifts the slide again to its
original position, the rod 9 or 9', as the case may be, slipping into the retaining
notch again, and holding the slide elevated: till. again released as herein-before
described. This elevating of the slide produces a reverse motion of the levers
a and Y,.and consequently throws out of gear the clutch W, when the cam or
pattern surface, being released, drops again, to its former position in readiness
for the next piece of metal to be rolled,. the rolling portion of. the cam or
pattern surface being heavier than the quadrant rack. If desired the starting
of the machine may be accomplished by means of a lever worked by the hand
or foot of the attendant, in lieu of by the introduction of the work. In order
to prevent any sudden shock or jarring, when the cam or pattern surfaces are
released, an india-rubber buffer m may be fitted to the upper part of the
standards for the pattern surfaces to strike against.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried

page_text: into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First, the general construction and arrangement of self-acting machinery,
or apparatus for rolling or shaping metals, substantially as herein-before
described.
Second, the application and use to and in machinery for rolling and
shaping metals, of cams, or pattern surfaces, which are driven by a positive
motion, and thrown into gear by the introduction of the work, and out of
gear by the action of the machine itself, substantially as herein-before
described.
Third, the application and use to and in machinery for rolling and shaping
metals of cams or pattern surfaces, which are driven by a positive motion, and
thrown out of gear by the action of the machine itself, substantially as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Dodge, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of October, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-four.
Declared at the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, by
the above-named James Dodge,
this Sixth day of October, 1864,
Before me,
J. ELTOFT,
JAMES DODGE. (LS.)