Year: 1887

page_text: I, SIGVART HANSEN of Böhn near Christiania, Norway, Engine Fitter do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in improvements in the horse shoe nail-machinery hitherto
used, the main object of the invention being to provide means for an automatic feed-
motion, by which the iron, whereof the nails are forged, is constantly moved forwards
to the anvil, and also a continual heating of the same; the invention also relates to
the construction of the hammers differing from machines commonly used therein,
that the edgehammering is performed by means of two hammers instead of one,
and finally the arrangement of the cutter has been improved.
This improved horse shoe nail-machine is shewn in the annexed drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine.
Figure 2 a plan.
Figure 3 a cross section shewing the cutter.
Figure 4 also a cross section, shewing the hammer arrangement.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section and
Figure 6 a section through one of the hammers.
The hammer mechanisms get their motion directly from the main shaft A of the
machine, which shaft is connected with the shaft B by gear-wheels; this latter shaft
moving the cutter and the feed-action.
On the main shaft A is bolted the hammer roller 1 Figures 4 and 5 which, as is
usual performs the flat hammering of the nail; at both sides of this roller, near the
journals are the ball-shaped cranks or eccentrics 2 and 4 Figure 4 which by the
connecting rods 3 and 5 are connected to the hammers 6 and 7. These latter which
are both of similar construction, swing on the tapered, adjustable pins 8, 8 and consist
of a solid piece to which the hammer heads 10 10 are bolted by the clamp-shaped
bolts 9, 9 in such a way that they may be adjusted to the different widths of the nails
to be forged. The clamps 9, 9 also secure the lugs or pins 11 which rest in bearings
in the connecting rods 3 and 5 with their ball shaped heads.
The anvil 13 is secured to the frame of the machine by the bolt 14 see Figure 5.

page_text: To the hammer mechanism also belongs the mouth piece 19 which in the nail machines
as hitherto used has a horizontal rocking movement, but in this improved machine has
been given a vertical rocking movement, so that the iron X of which the nails are to be
forged, is lifted up from the anvil, when it is hit by the edge-hammers, and is allowed
to rest, freely on the anvil when flat-hammered by the roll. Through this arrangement
is gained, that the nail never will get crooked by the flat-hammering and will not be
so liable to get burred at the edges while being edge hammered. This vertical
movement of the mouth piece is imparted to the same from one of the hammers, the
former being connected with the same by means of the rod 17 sliding in the guide
piece 18 and at its lower end connected to the rod 16 secured to the pin 15 on the
hammer 7 see Figures 3, 4 and 5.
The cutting-mechanism consists of an arm 20 pivoted at 21 and secured from side
movements by means of a guide 22 as seen with reference to Figure 3. Said arm is
held up by the spring 23, and is drawn downwards each time the cutter is to work, by
the rod 24, connected to the lever 25, see also Figure 1 which is pivoted at 26, and
with its other end rests against the cam 27, Figures 1, 2, and 3 keyed on the
shaft B, so that on each revolution of the latter the cutter 28 is pressed down and thus
does its work. The cutter 28 Figure 3 is a piece of steel secured in the slot 30 by the
screw bolt 29, said cutter acting against the two block pieces 31 and 32 Figures 2,
and 5 as a pair of shears, being just wide enough to pass between the same.
3
The automatic feed-motion is composed of two shafts &c. systems of carriages with
levers, rods completely independent of each other, but similar in construction. The
two carriages are E and F see Figures 1, 2 and 5. The carriage E holds the iron-
rod X while a nail is being forged, and carries the same to and fro between the anvil
and the cutter. The rear carriage F pushes the rod forwards through the other
carriage, as much as the length of a nail, for each nail, which is cut off, both of the
carriages slide in the guides 33 on top of the frame C of the machine and are of like
construction, consisting of plates 34 34 provided with the standards 35, 35 and the
lugs 36, 36, see Figures 1, 2 and 5.
The iron rod is held in the carriages by springs 41, 41, which by the rods 40, 40,
the levers 39, 39, the shaft 37, 37 and the claws 38 38, impart their pressure to the
rod which rests on blocks in the carriages see Figures 1, 2 and 5. When one of the
carriages is to let the rod loose, so as to give the other one opportunity to move it one
way or the other, this is attained by levers 42, 42, pivoted somewhere between their
ends and being at one end in connection with the above-mentioned rods 40, 40 and at
their other end in contact with the cams 43, 43, mounted on the shaft B; said cams
forcing the ends of said levers downwards at fixed intervals whereby the springs 41 41
are compressed and the rods 40, 40 are loosened.
The mechanisms, by which the two carriages E and F are moved, are somewhat
different in their details. The carriage E, Figures 1, 2 and 5 has mounted on its
downwardly projecting lug 36 a rod 45 connected at its forked ends to arms 46, 46 on
the shaft 47. This shaft has an arm 48, which bears against the cam 49, on the
shaft B and is moved by the same at fixed intervals in one or the other direction, the
said arm being always held against the cam by means of a spring 50 connected to the
shaft 47 by the rod 51 and arm 52.
Motion is imparted to the other carriage F in a similar way. A small connecting
rod 53 connects the lug 36 of the carriage F to the lever 54. The lever 54 is mounted
on the shaft 55 which by a lever arm 56 and a connecting rod 57 is connected with a
lever 58, the other end of which rests against the cam 59 on the shaft B being pressed
against the same by means of a spring 60, a rod 61 and a lever 62 on the shaft 55.
In order to make the travel of the carriage F adjustable thereby adjusting the length
of the nails, the said connecting rod 57 is not connected directly to the lever 58, but
has a fork-shaped end which embraces a nut 63 that fits into a slot 64 in the lever 58
and can be moved in the said slot by means of a hand-screw 65, thereby changing the
throw of the lever 58 and accordingly the travel of the carriage F. In order further
to adjust this travel of the carriage, the effective length of the arm 56 can be changed
by means of the row of bolt holes in the same,

page_text: In the drawing Figure 1 is also shown a gas-heating apparatus G, whereby the
iron to be used for the nails may always be kept warm. Other fuel, oil or cokes for
instance, may also be used; gas, however, has given the best results.
The machine works in the following manner :-
When the rod X is hot enough, it is placed in its right position, on the anvil, and
the machine is put in motion by a belt over the pulley D on the main shaft. The
roll 1 and the hammer will then alternately give the rod a number of strokes (for
instance 9); when the main shaft has made these nine revolutions, the shaft B will
have done only half a revolution, and the cam belonging to the carriage E will make
the same go backwards so as to carry the newly forged nail right below the cutter
whereupon the cutter will be pressed down by its cam and thus perform its work.
Now the carriage F will take hold of the rod X and will push it forward the length
of a nail while the other carriage E lets go its hold. The carriage E then catches the
rod, while the carriage F returns to its normal position, and carries it to the anvil.
The process will then go on again as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:-
1st. In a horse-shoe-nail machine, obtaining automatic feed notion by means of
two carriages, one of which carries the rod, whereof the nail is to be forged, to and
fro between the anvil and the cutter and the other pushes said rod forward the length
of a nail once for each finished nail substantially as shown and set forth.
2nd. In a horse-shoe-nail machine as described, the application of a heating
apparatus between the feed motion and the anvil of the machine substantially as shown
and set forth.
3rd. In a horse-shoe-nail machine as described the application of two hammers for
edge-hammering the nail and of a vertical moving mouth piece substantially as shown
and set forth.
4th. In a horse-shoe-nail machine as described the application of a cutter
immediately in front of the anvil substantially as described and shown.
5th. The machine for making horse-shoe-nails substantially as described and
shown.
Dated this 13th day of July 1887.
SIGVART HANSEN.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.