IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS AND IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR FILTERING to be as follows:-
Year: 1884

page_text: I WALTER OLDHAM of 96 Clyde Road, Didsbury, Manchester in the County
of Lancaster, Eugineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS AND IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR FILTERING to be as
follows:-
"
My Invention relates in part to a former invention for which Letters Patent
bearing date the sixteenth day of May in this current year and numbered 7831
have been granted to me. In the specification of my said invention I described a
filter consisting of two perforated or gauze cylinders arranged one within the other
and having the annular space between the two cylinders filled with the filtering
material and I mentioned that when providing a cistern with several filtering
apparatus I should provide the bottoms of the filters with conical hollow plugs to
tit into sockets in the bottom of the cistern.
My present invention relates principally to the cases wherein several filters are
arranged to act in concert so as to obtain an apparatus capable of dealing with
large or comparatively large quantities of water or liquid and of being worked
continuously for long periods. I provide the bottom of the filter with a conical or
bell-mouthed socket which fits a conical spigot or hollow plug which is fixed on the
bottom of the cistern or is fixed or formed on or connected with a pipe or a range
of piping which may be in a cistern or in a reservoir of any size. I may turn or
make true the fitting surfaces but to ensure a water tight joint I prefer to apply a
ring of vulcanised caoutchouc or of a suitable packing material in a groove in one
of the parts and preferably on the spigot. The conical formation of the spigot and
faucet might be dispensed with and the joint be made by the resting of the end of
the socket or the lower end of the filter outlet on packing or an elastic ring but
the replacement of the filters would be rendered more difficult. In order that one
of the filters may be removed to be recharged I provide the spigot or faucet with
a valve or stopper of any suitable form which can be passed down the inner tube
or chamber into position so that when the filter is lifted off, the unfiltered water
is prevented from flowing into the passage reserved for filtered water. In arrange-
ments for dealing with large or comparatively large quantities of water I mount
several filters or units upon hollow seatings or spigots or faucets cast or formed
on a pipe or system of pipes or mains or upon seatings in connection therewith
these units being in a single row or in a cluster or in several rows according to

page_text: circumstances. I propose to have each filter open at the top and to arrange for
this open top to stand above the surface of the water when the filter is at work.
I thus dispense with covers and pressing plates but I do not confine myself to
the open top. The upper part may be impervious to a point below the water level.
I provide means for lifting any filter in the series off its seating and out of the
water and for conveying it to a place suitable for emptying out the clogged
filtering material. The empty filter is then re-charged and conveyed back to it's
place or spare, charged filters are kept to replace any removed. I provide a crane
or an overhead traveller running upon rails or in the case of a smaller system
upon a rail to pick up and convey the filters. To facilitate the emptying of the
filter cases I make the outer shell of a conical form so that it can be lifted off or a
part may be movable and another part be fixed or I provide the shell with a hinged
or sliding or removable door or with two or more doors or make the whole of the
shell to open either in the form of doors or by forming the shell in two parts
hinged together. The apparatus is designed principally for use in the filtration of
water for commercial purposes and for the supply of communities and in the
filtration of sewage and other liquids. For some of these purposes sawdust is
suitable but for filtering potable water I prefer to use carbonised sawdust. Any
other suitable filtering medium may be used. In place of a removable valve or
stopper I may use a valve which will close self-actingly when the filter is lifted off
its seat and be re-opened by the act of replacement of the filter. In place of the
rising and falling brush mentioned in my former specification I prefer to use a
brush or brushes or clearers revolving or fitted to be revolved around the filter
especially in the cases wherein the apparatus is designed for use in the filtration of
sewage or of heavily charged or slimy liquids.
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
41, John Dalton Street, Manchester,
Agent.

page_text: "
Improvements in Filters and in Arrangements for Filtering.
I WALTER OLDHAM of 96 Clyde Road, Didsbury, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
'IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS AND IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR FILTERING" and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
-
My Invention relates in part to a former invention for which Letters Patent
bearing date the sixteenth day of May in this current year and numbered 7831
have been granted to me. The improved apparatus constituting my present
invention is designed principally for use in the filtering of water and is particularly
adapted to cases wherein large quantities of filtered water are required as for
example for use in manufactories or for the supply of towns or to cases wherein
large quantities of liquid have to be dealt with as for example in the treatment of
sewage.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same reference being had to the annexed
two sheets of drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
This
In the said drawings Fig. 1 represents a Vertical Section of the filter or of an
unit in a filtering system and Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same. In these Figs.
a is an outer case which in the example is in the form of a cylinder slightly
tapering from end to end to facilitate the discharge of the filtering medium.
Within this case is a tube b. The case and tube are both formed of wire gauze or
of perforated metal or pervious material or they may be covered with such
inaterial. The annular space c between the two parts is filled with filtering
medium which may vary according to the use for which the filter is intended. For
some purposes saw dust is suitable and for others carbonized saw dust is preferable
especially when potable water is required but sponge, asbestos, slag-wool, sand or
any other suitable medium may be used. The case a. and the tube b. are secured
to a bottom plate d. which is formed or provided with a conical socket e.
socket sits upon a hollow plug f. which is formed upon or fixed to a pipe g. which
may be connected with any desired number of plugs each carrying a filter. The
pipe g. may be laid or sustained within a reservoir and extend through the bank of
the same or be connected with a pump or apparatus to lift the filtered liquid say
for example water. A water tight joint between the socket and the plug is
ensured by means of an india-rubber ring h. which is inserted within a groove
on the plug and projects slightly so that the socket bears upon the ring. If not
considered to be necessary this ring may be dispensed with or other elastic
packing may be substituted for it. It is not intended that the case « shall
always be entirely immersed in the water but that a short length shall project
above the surface which is indicated at A in Fig. 1. When so arranged it is not
necessary to close the top of the case but the method of mounting the filter so
as to be readily removable may be adopted in the case of filters designed to be
totally immersed. The upper part of the case a. is provided with trunnions i. i.
whereby the filter can be slung and be lifted out of the water, as will be herein.
L

page_text: after described. Before removing the filter the mouth of the plug f. is closed by
means of a valve or stopper. In the example a turned seating is formed in the
said mouth and a valve k. fits upon the seating. This valve is designed to be
introduced through the pipe b. and to be lowered into position by means of a
hooked rod or by other suitable means or the valve may have a handle long
enough to extend through the tube b. When the filter is removed the valve
prevents the unfiltered water from passing into the pipe g. The case a. and the
pipe b. may be square, polygonal or of suitable forms other than cylindrical and
the valve k. may be a stopper of any suitable form and material. The filter shown
in Fig. 1 is designed to be emptied by inverting it. In Figs. 3 and 4 the case a. is
formed in two parts which are hinged at i. and are connected at the bottom or
each side by means of cottar bolts n. If the filtering medium tightly compacted
so as to render the emptying difficult the bolt n. can be knocked out and the case
be opened the two parts moving in opposite directions upon the fulcra at i. as
indicated by the dotted lines and leaving the filtering medium easily accessible.
Figs. 5 and 6 show another modification in which the case a. is telescopic. The
case a. is made in two parts a and a¹. The part a¹ connected with the bottom
plate d. by means of uprights o. o. The part a. is provided with a flange to
tit on to the plate d. and is secured thereto by means of cottar bolts or other
fastenings. When unfastened the part a can be drawn up so as to expose the
charge of filtering medium. In Fig. 7 the case a. of which only the lower portion
is shown is conical the largest diameter being at the bottom. The case is provided
with a flange which is fastened to the bottom plate as in the last example but in
the case of Fig. 7 the whole of the case a. can be lifted off leaving the charge
surrounding the tube b. and easily removable. Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate another
formation in which the wall of the case a. is divided vertically into three parts a¹ a² a³
each of which is hinged to an upright and can be opened outward (as shown by the
dotted lines) so as to expose the charge. The number of parts so arranged to open
may be varied. Fig. 10 on sheet 2 of the drawings illustrates another form of the
filter unit. In this example the inner tubo b. is bell mouthed at its lower end and
fits upon a conical seating which is made fluid tight by means of an elastic ring.
The said tube is made tapered so that it can be roadily withdrawn after the filter
has been lifted out of the water. The filtering medium can then be readily emptied
out or removed. Figs. 11. and 12. illustrate the method in which the filters may
be combined together. All the filters discharge the filtered water into the pipe g.
which conveys the water out of the tank or reservoir. When the charge in a filter
has become clogged with impurities the filter is slung by means of the trunnions i.
to a traveller m. which is provided with wheels which run upon a rail fixed to the
wall or carried by suitable supports. The traveller is provided with a suitable
purchase whereby the filter is lifted from its seating and raised out of the water as
shown by the dotted lines the valve k. having been previously applied. The filter
can then be transported away from the tank or reservoir to the place where the
filters are emptied. The charge of filtering medium is then washed and replaced
or the filter is re-charged with fresh material. When very large quantities of water
have to be dealt with the filters can be arranged in rows and a traveller carried by
two rails one on each side of the tank or reservoir be employed to transport the
filter's.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I would observe in
conclusion that I make no claim to the parts a and b, in Figs. 1 and 2 by themselves
but what I claim as my Invention is
1. The filter for mounting within a cistern, tank or reservoir, consisting of an
outer pervious case and an inner pervious tube between which is the filtering
medium the lower end of the filter having a conical socket whereby the filter can
be mounted in a vertical position or thereabouts upon a conical plug and the
method of closing the mouth of the latter so that the filter can be lifted out of the

page_text: water or liquid at intervals in order to cleanse or replace the filtering medium
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. The filter consisting of the outer case a. the inner tube b. the filtering
medium o the conical socket e. the plug f. adapted to be closed when desirable by
the valve k. substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. An arrangement of apparatus for filtering consisting of a number of filters of
the construction substantially as described, connected together by means of a pipe
or of a system of pipes the connection of each filter with its pipe being such as
that the passage of unfiltered liquid into the pipe can be stopped and the filter bo
lifted off its seat and transported to a place where the filters are emptied and
refilled with filtering medium substantially as set forth and indicated.
4. The combination with the apparatus included in claim 3. of an overhead
traveller to pick up and convey to and fro any filter in the system substantially as
Bet forth.