Improvements in the Means of Determining the Percentage of Fat in Milk.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 14th Sept.,
1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of Determining the Percentage of Fat
in Milk.
I, NILS GUSTAF KNUT HUSBERG, Civil Engineer, of Arboza, in the Kingdom of
Sweden, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
To determine accurately and by simple means the quantity of fat in a milk mixture,
I force the fat, (after it has been brought in a fluid state to the surface of the
said mixture), into a narrow tube or vessel, where it can be easily measured. It is
advisable to separate and measure the fat in one and the same vessel and to make
the said vessel in the form of a syringe. The fat brought to the top of the fluids
in the wider part of the syringe, will thence be forced by the piston into the other
more narrow tube, which may be graduated. Even the wider tube of the syringe
may be graduated or have some marks up to which the milk and chemicals can be
drawn and thus directly measured.
The entrance from the wider to the more narrow tube of the syringe should be
closed by a stopper, which will be removed soon as the fat is to be measured.
Dated this 14th day of November 1888.
NILS GUSTAF KNUT HUSBERG.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of Determining the Percentage of Fat
in Milk.
I, NILS GUSTAF KNUT HUSBERG, of Arboza, Sweden, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The apparatus for determining the quantity of fat in milk consists in a syringe-
shaped instrument in which the milk and the chemicals are mixed and the fat separated.
The syringe is firmly, or detachably connected with a fine tube into which the
separated fat is to be forced by the piston and meassured.
Fig. 1 on the accompanying drawing is a central longitudinal section of the
apparatus, which is shown slightly modified in Fig. 2.
1 represents that part of the instrument in which the milk and the chemicals are
mixed and the butter fat separated and 2 the meassuring tube into which the separated
fat is to be forced by means of the piston 3. The required volumes of the aforesaid
fluids may be drawn up by the piston to corresponding lines a, b and c, engraved on
the vessel 1, when this is of glass; but it is better to provide the piston-rod with a
stop 5, which at a certain position of the piston (when the needed part of the fluid has
been drawn in) comes in contact with the inner side of the detachable cover b, or with
some other hinderance on the vessel 1. The handle 7, or some other outher projecting
part, will be so adjusted, that it touches the cover 6 when the space between the free
entrance opening of 2 and the inner end face of the piston 3 meassures exactly the
required volume of the first kind of fluid to be drawn into the instrument.
fluid may be ether, and the next in order to be taken in, alcohol.
required volume of the latter also has been drawn in by the piston, then will the
stop 5 nearest to the handle come in contact with the cover 6 on its inner side.
The instrument is then to be removed to the milk, which will be transferred into
it same way as was the alcohol. There is an opening, or slot 8, in the cover 6 for
the stops 5 to pass through, when same have been turned into a corresponding position.
Paine d
This
When the

page_text: The narrow entrance opening of the wider vessel 1 will, when the aforesaid fluids
have all been transferred into it, be closed by a stopper 9, that by means of the
wire 10 is connected with the handle 11. The enclosed fluids will then be
throuroughly shaken and otherwise treated as if enclosed in a Marschand's lacto-
butyrometer. The innermost of the stops 5 prevents the piston being pushed too
far out while the mixture is being shaken or warmed.
When the fat, or fut solution, has been brought to the top of the fluids it will be
meassured. The stopper must to this end be removed and the piston pushed inwards
until all the separated fat has entered into the meassuring tube 2. This tube may be
graduated; but it is easier to meassure the fat column by a loose scale.
The vessels 1 and 2 can also be made in parts. The larger one of them may be,
and is by preference in such cases, so constructed, that the required volumes of milk
and chemicals will have to be emptied into it from a separate meassuring instrument.
The easiest way of connecting 1 and 2, for the purpose of transferring the fat from the
former to the latter, will be by widening the meassuring tube at one end sufficiently
to admit of the narrowed, with a rubber ring surrounded, upper end of 1 to be entered
into it, as represented in Fig. 2. The two parts may even be ground to fit closely
when the one is entered into the other. The fat can in either case be forced by the
piston into the tube 2, same as if were the two vessels made in one piece.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
An apparatus for determining the percentage of fat in milk consisting in a
syringe-shaped instrument, in combination with a tube and corresponding scale, or
a graduated tube, for meassuring the fat, same being transferred into it after first
having been brought to the surface of the fluids in the mixing vessel.
Dated this 10th day of August 1889.
N. G. K. HUSBERG.