IMPROVED ROLLING MACHINERY FOR ROLLING IRON AND OTHER METALS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles While, of Pontypridd, in the County of
Glamorgan, Engineer and Roll Turner, for the "Invention of "IMPROVED
ROLLING MACHINERY FOR ROLLING IRON AND OTHER METALS."
Sealed the 16th July 1861, and dated the 9th February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles While at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
February 1861.
I, CHARLES WHILE, of Pontypridd, in the County of Glamorgan, Engi-
neer and Roll Turner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED ROLLING MACHINERY FOR ROLLING IRON AND OTHER METALS," to be as
follows:-
To avoid the loss of time and other disadvantages attending rolling as
hitherto practised, viz., the shifting the bar from one groove to the other, and
turning it sideways for edging, and so forth, I place rolls in a vertical position,
or at an angle in the midst of a series of horizontal rolls with one or more
grooves in them, and if required, at such a distance that the iron or metal is
enabled to enter one pair before leaving the other pair. The vertical rolls are
for the purpose of edging the iron or metal, or drawing it narrower, so that
passing through the first pair flatways, it then enters the second pair edge-
ways, or vice versa. The vertical rolls can be placed wheresoever desired, and
as many pairs of them as may be found convenient for reducing the iron or

page_text: metal to the size required. They can be driven by bevil gearing or any
mechanical motion known. The above is a description of the nature of this
Invention, the mere details whereof may probably admit of some variation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charle While in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
WHILE, of Pontypridd, in the County of Glamorgan, Engineer and Roll
Turner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Charles While, Her special licence that I, the said Charles While, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
While, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED ROLLING MACHINERY
FOR ROLLING IRON AND OTHER METALS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Charles While, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, of one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to s
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles While, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
(I.) Instead of rolls with grooves decreasing in size on the length of the
rolls, in using which rolls the bar or bloom must be entirely free from one
groove before it can be inserted in the next, and much time is necessarily
occupied by taking the bar or bloom over the rolls with large levers and tongs, 3
and turning it sideways for the purpose of edging and so forth, (the object

page_text: of my Invention being to do away entirely with this laborious work, and to
work the iron or other metals while in a welding state). For this purpose I
place rolls in a vertical or approximatively vertical position, or at an angle in
the midst of, or conjoined with a series of horizontal rolls with one or more
grooves in them, and at such a distance that the iron or metal may be enabled
to enter one pair of rolls before leaving the other pair. The vertical rolls
being for the purpose of "edging" the iron or metal, or drawing it narrower,
so that, passing through one pair flatwise, it may enter the second pair
edgewise, or vice versa. The vertical and the horizontal rolls can be placed
wherever desired, and as many pairs of them as may be found convenient for
reducing the iron or metal to the size required. The vertical rolls can be
driven by bevil gearing, or any known mechanical motion. This Invention is
more particularly applicable for blooming, roughing, or slabing rolls, yet in
many instances it can be applied to finishing rolls. The iron is brought from
the furnace on a carriage, and is thrown between the first pair of rolls, and
then passes through the whole series of them without any stoppage, and with-
out manual labour, consequently the iron will be more properly welded, which
is of the greatest importance in rail making.
(II.) DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The accompanying Drawings shew the arrangements for blooming iron.
Fig. 1, a plan; Fig. 2, an elevation; Fig. 3, one of the vertical rolls with
nut on for receiving motion from the other vertical roll with mitre or bevil
wheel on top.
A, A, are the horizontal rolls; B, B, vertical rolls; C, C, nut for horizontal
rolls; D, D, bevil or mitre wheels for communicating motion to vertical rolls;
E, E, coupling boxes; F, F, wheel for driving horizontal rolls; G, wheel on
main shaft, which receives motion from any prime mover; H, standard for
vertical rolls; I, I, standards for horizontal rolls; J, J, standard for wheels;
K, bed plate; L shews pile or bloom partly passed through first pair of rolls,
and will travel in the direction of the dotted lines to the next pair, and so on
through the whole series; M, bloom when finished, which is intended to come
out of the rolls on to the carriage to be conveyed to second heating furnaces;
N, N, are guides for preventing the pile going between the collars of the
rolls. There are guide boxes between each pair of rolls, fitting nearly close to
the rolls to receive the bar or bloom, and four inches from them, where they
deliver it for the cinders, scale, and the like, so as to fall underneath.
(III.) Having now-described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself to

page_text: any number of rolls to be employed, nor to the position of them, as long as
the distinctive features of the Invention as set forth in the outset (part
marked I) in this my Specification thereof be retained. For instance, the
vertical rolls may be the first, second, or third pair; and I wish it to be
understood that I claim, the placing of vertical or approximatively vertical
rolls in the midst of, or conjoined with a series of horizontal rolls with one or
more grooves in them, and at such a distance that the iron or metal to be
rolled after entering the first pair of rolls, shall pass through the whole
series of them without manual labour, either by catching the pair of rolls in
front before leaving the other, or conveying it by small rollers, in other
any
suitable manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles While, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
CHARLES WHILE. (L.8.)