An Improved Rotary Motor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Nov., 1890-Accepted, 13th Dec., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Rotary Motor.
We, ERNEST FILTZ, JOSEPH FILTZ and GEORGES FILTZ all of 43, rue Lecourve,
Paris, France, Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to and consists in an improved rotary motor.
The rotary motor which forms the object of our invention is characterised by the
arrangement of the piston which is helicoidal and of the partitions which divide or
subdivide the interior of the cylinder into compartments. In this motor the admission
of the steam or other fluid employed to work the motor and the exhaust" are
controlled by the combined action of the helicoidal piston and of the partitions
which move to and fro as the piston revolves about its axis.
"
Thus without any special mechanical appliance being employed for the purpose
the admission of the steam or other fluid by means of which the motor is actuated
and the exhaust" are controlled by the rotation of the helicoidal piston and the
displacement of the sliding partitions which consist in parts embracing the helicoidal
piston and arranged to be slidden to and fro longitudinally.
In order that the principle, arrangement and working of the motor constructed
according to our invention may be thoroughly understood we shall proceed to describe
such motor with reference to the accompanying drawing which represents by way of
example a motor constructed according to our invention.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section taken as a whole through the axis of the motor but
in part in planes other than the vertical plane passing through the axis of the motor
in order that certain features of the motor may be more clearly shown.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section made on the plane indicated by the line 1, 2 of
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section in which the exterior of the helicoidal piston is shown
and in which the sliding partitions are represented as being in the plane of the
figure although they are actually in planes inclined thereto..
As is illustrated in the accompanying drawing the motor comprises a cylindrical
envelope or cylinder A which is provided with ends or covers F, F which are
formed with recesses, a central shaft C passing through the ends or covers F, F¹ of
the cylindrical envelope or cylinder A a helicoidal piston P in one with the
shaft C and sliding partitions or movable parts 0, 01, 02, 0³ dividing the interior
of the cylindrical envelope or cylinder A into independent compartments.
The cylindrical envelope or cylinder A is formed in one with or secured to a
pedestal S of sufficient size and strength to ensure the stability and the fixing of the
motor. The cylindrical envelope or cylinder A which for convenience we shall
hereinafter refer to as the cylinder A, is provided with hollow ribs a, in the interior
of each of which and arranged so as to be capable of being slidden therein is one
edge or part of one of the sliding partitions 0, 01, 02, 03. Each of the ends or
covers F F of the cylinder A is provided with an annular chamber f, which is
separate from the stuffing box or gland provided upon such end or cover For F
and is put into communication by means of the shaft with the compartments of the
cylinder in order that the escape of the steam or fluid employed to actuate the motor
may take place when required.
For convenience we shall generally refer to the motor constructed according to
our invention as being actuated by steam.
The shaft which is hollowed in the interior serves for the admission of steam
to and the escape of steam from the interior of the cylinder A. For the admission
of steam to the interior of the cylinder A the shaft C is provided with a central
canal or passage e connected by means of any suitable joint with any suitable source
[ Price Bil11

page_text: of steam and the distribution of the steam is effected by the openings p formed in
the piston P. In order that the escape or exhaust of the steam may take place
when required the shaft C has formed in it orifices e' which communicate by means
of canals or passages with the chambers. Between the ends or covers F, F, of
the cylinder A and the adjacent parts of the shaft C suitable packings g or other
suitable appliances are provided in order that steam may not escape from the interior
of the cylinder A into the annular chambers except by means of the orifices c¹ and
canals or passages c². On the shaft is mounted a pulley Q or any other suitable
means by which rotary motion may be transmitted from the shaft C. The ends of
the shaft C may be supported by pedestals B so that the shaft C may not be moved
out of proper position.
The piston P is formed of a helicoidal rib cast with the shaft or secured upon
the said shaft. The said rib is inclined in both directions and may be made of any
suitable length and may be made so that in its revolution it will generate a cylinder
of any suitable diameter.
The sliding partitions 0, 01, 02, 03, have parts of rectangular form placed in the
space between the cylinder A and the shaft. Cand the extremities of the said sliding
partitions passing through the covers or ends F, F¹ pass into sheaths G of corre-
sponding form cast with or secured upon the said covers or ends F, F. In the
middle of each of the sliding partitions O, 01, 02, 03, is formed a notch giving
passage to the helicoidal rib. The said sliding partitions 0, 0, 02, 0³, divide the
interior of the cylinder A into independent compartments in each of which a part of
the helicoidal rib serves the purpose of a piston. Each of the said compartments
communicates by a longitudinal conduit d with the extremity of each of the corre
sponding sheaths G in order that the steam may act on the ends of the sliding
partitions. Between each of the sliding partitions and the shaft Ca packing is
provided and the enlarged or swelling part o' of each of the, sliding partitions O
passes into the corresponding hollow rib a of the cylinder A.
We will now assume that the piston P and the sliding partitions 0, 0, 0, 0³,
are in the position in which they are represented in the accompanying drawing
that is to say when for example the orifice p of the helicoidal piston P nearest to
the cover or end 'F' of the cylinder A ceases to be covered by the sliding
partition O¹ and consider what will happen in the corresponding compartiment
comprised between the partitions O and "O'. It may be remarked first that the
portion of the helicoidal rib of the piston P included in the compartment being con-
sidered is near the end or cover F¹ of the cylinder A that is to say near the end of
its stroke. The steam admitted by the orifice p presses on the piston and tends to
move it forwards but as the said piston is helicoidal and is in one with or fast upon
the shaft C the shaft C receives a rotary movement. The admission of steam to the
said compartment of the cylinder A continues during one quarter of a revolution
of the shaft until under the influence of the rotation of the shaft C the
orifice preaches and passes the partition O. From this time the steam in the said
compartment expands in such manner that as much useful effect as is possible is
obtained. The expansion of the said steam continues during the next quarter of
the said revolution of the shaft C. Then the orifice Copposite to the orifice p by
which steam was admitted to the said compartiment is brought into communication
with such compartment by the revolution of the shaft C and the steam finding an
outlet escapes by this orifice c¹ through the canal or passage and chamber f. The
escape or exhaust of the steam takes place during a quarter of a revolution of the
shaft C. The same effects are produced at the same time in the compartment
diametrically opposite and successively for each of the compartments.
In effect when the motor is at work there are always two compartments into
which steam is being admitted at full pressure, two compartments in which the steam
is expanding, two compartments from which the exhaust or escape of steam is taking
place and two compartments empty of steam. The motor constructed according to
our invention, in virtue of the double inclination of the helicoidal piston is double
acting. The said motor may be made triple or quadruple acting if in place of four

page_text: sliding partitions six or eight are employed. If two sliding partitions only were
employed a single acting motor would be produced. It would however be con-
venient to adapt the piston to the number of partitions employed and to provide
such piston with a suitable number of orifices for the admission and escape of
steam.
In all cases it is to be remarked that when steam is admitted into any of the
compartments of the cylinder steam passes by means of the corresponding conduit d
freely into the corresponding sleeve G where it presses upon the end of the sliding
partition in such sleeve G with the effect of facilitating the longitudinal movement
of the said sliding partition and of reducing as much as possible the effort required
to be exerted by the piston P in moving the said partition. In this manner friction
is reduced and also the sliding partition in "making joint" with the piston P assists
in turning such piston.
It is possible to render the motor constructed according to our invention rever-
sible by providing two sets of orifices p for the admission of steam and two sets of
orifices and passages for the escape of the exhaust steam and also two sets of
conduits d, and by providing means by which one or other of such sets of orifices p,
orifices and passages and conduits d may be closed when required according to
the direction in which the shaft C is to be caused to revolve.
Although we have hitherto in most cases referred to the motor constructed
according to our invention as being worked by steam we would have it understood
that water under pressure may quite as well be employed to produce the rotation of
the shaft C.
The motor, constructed according to our invention may also be employed as a
pump.
Although the accompanying drawing shows certain forms and proportions of the
parts of the motor we reserve to ourselves the right to vary such forms and propor-
tions in practice. The motor constructed according to our invention may be made in
any required size and of any suitable material. As has been stated above we reserve
to ourselves the right to employ any number whatever of sliding partitions and in
like manner we may cause the admission and exhaust or escape of the steam or other
fluid employed, to be effected in any other suitable manner without departing from
the principle of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The rotary motor with helicoidal piston hereinbefore described.
2. In a rotary motor the combination of parts consisting of a helicoidal piston P
provided with a central shaft and of any number of sliding partitions O dividing
the interior of the cylinder A into a number of corresponding compartments and
arranged and operating in conjunction with each other for the purposes and
substantially in the manner herein before described in reference to and indicated in
and by the accompanying drawing.
3. In a rotary motor the arrangement of the orifices for the admission of the
steam or other fluid to actuate the motor and the orifices c¹ for the escape of the
exhaust steam or other fluid; acting in combination with the sliding partitions O
and the conduits d substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described in reference to and indicated in and by the accompanying drawing.
4. The general arrangement of the motor such as the accompanying drawing
represents it with the right of employing any number whatever of sliding partitions
and of utilising as motor fluid, water, steam or other fluid as has been hereinbefore
specified.
Dated this First day of November 1890
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicants.