IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER FOR ROLLING UP WITH WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER FOR ROLLING UP WITH
WOVEN FABRICS." A communication from abroad by Madame veuve Joachim
Chavent, neé Marie Chavent, of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th July 1880.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER
FOR ROLLING UP WITH WOVEN FABRICS." [A communication from abroad by
Madame veuve Joachim Chavent, neé Marie Chevant, of Paris, France.]
Many attempts have been made to employ paper in the roll or continuous web
for rolling up with woven fabrics, but hitherto without success, owing to the
impossibility of rolling up the paper evenly with the edges of all the coils in the
same plane, in consequence either of its unequal thickness or of the undulations
produced by unequal tension both longitudinal and transverse. The impossibility
of rolling it up regularly is more especially apparent in the case of a fabric whose
tension is uniform at all points, as the paper runs to the one end of the roll or the
other, and escapes from between the fabric notwithstanding every effort to retain
it in place.
This Invention has for its object to subject the paper to a preliminary operation,
whereby it is so prepared as to be capable of being wound up with fabrics in a
perfectly smooth and even manner without the use of any apparatus for the purpose,
the improvement being based on the well known fact that paper after being coiled
on a roller and subjected to a uniform tension retains a tendency to coil itself up
again in the same form when removed from the roller.
The Invention consists in a process of straightening and preparing paper in the
roll for the above purpose by forcibly winding it upon a cylinder in a suitable
apparatus together with a fabric subjected to a powerful and uniform tension.

page_text: The paper being thus forcibly stretched and wound up may, after remaining a
certain time, be rolled up with any kind of fabric without the use for this second
winding of any special apparatus, as it will coil up with the fabric without running
to one side or the other or forming folds or creases.
The preparatory winding or stretching of the paper may be effected in an
apparatus such as that represented in Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings by
way of example. a is the frame of machine; b is a roller upon which the paper to
be stretched is wound; d is a beam upon which is wound a fabric of sufficient
strength to sustain a powerful tension produced by levers f and weights g. It is
essential that the fabric should be in considerable tension in order that it may
fashion, so to speak, the paper which winds up with it upon a roller h after
passing beneath a roller placed in close proximity to ensure the paper passing
smoothly onto said roller h. Thus both the fabric and paper are wound together
and kept at the highest possible tension, and when the whole has been wound up
the paper, whose tension was unequal before the stretching, but is now rendered
uniform, has not its edges which form the ends of the roll in the same plane, and
the ends are accordingly trimmed off. In order therefore to obtain a given
width of stretched or prepared paper, it is necessary that the paper should originally
exceed the width required by about four inches.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th January 1881.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. “IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER
FOR ROLLING UP WITH WOVEN FABRICS." A communication from abroad by
Madame veuve Joachim Chavent, neé Marie Chavent, of Paris, France.
Many attempts have been made to employ paper in the roll or continuous web
for rolling up with or "papering" fabrics, but hitherto without success, owing to the
impossibility of rolling up the paper evenly with the edges of all the coils in the
same plane, in consequence either of its unequal thickness or of the undulations or
cockles produced in the paper by unequal tension, longitudinally and transversely.
The impossibility of rolling it up regularly is more especially apparent in the case
of a fabric whose tension is uniform at all points, as the paper runs to the one end
of the roll or the other, and escapes from between the fabric notwithstanding every
effort to retain it in place.
This Invention has for its object to subject the paper to a preliminary treatment,
whereby it is rendered capable of being wound up with fabrics in a perfectly
smooth and even manner without the use of any apparatus for the purpose, the
improvement being based on the well known fact that paper after being coiled on a
roller and subjected to a uniform tension retains a tendency to coil itself up again
in the same form when removed from the roller.
The Invention consists in a process of straightening or smoothing out and
preparing paper in the roll for the above purpose by forcibly winding it upon a
cylinder together with a fabric subjected to a powerful and uniform tension. The
paper being thus forcibly stretched, straightened, or smoothed out and wound up
may, after remaining a certain time, be rolled up with any kind of fabric without
the use for this second winding of any special apparatus, as it will coil up with the
fabric without running to one side or the other and without cockling or forming
folds or creases.
The preparatory winding for stretching, straightening, or smoothing out the paper
may be effected in an apparatus such as that represented by way of example in
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings. a is the frame of the machine; b is a
roller upon which the paper to be stretched is wound; d is a beam upon which is
wound a fabric e, of sufficient strength to sustain a powerful tension produced by
levers fand weights g. It is essential that the fabric should be in considerable
tension in order that it may forcibly fashion, so to speak, the paper which is
wound up with it upon a roller h after passing beneath a roller i placed in close
proximity to ensure the paper passing smoothly onto said roller . Thus both the
fabric and paper are wound together whilst under the highest possible tension.
When the whole has been wound up the paper, which was in unequal or irregular
tension before the stretching or straightening, is now equalized or rendered uniform
in tension, but its edges which form the ends of the roll do not coincide in
the different coils so as to form planes perpendicular to the roll, and the ends
are accordingly trimmed off. In order therefore to obtain the proper width of
stretched or prepared paper it is necessary that the paper should originally exceed
the width required by about four inches. As stretched or prepared paper on being
wound up with the fabric is exactly equal in length thereto, it may be made to
indicate the length of fabric wound on the roll by printing either along the edges,
as in Figures 2 and 4, or in the middle, as in Figure 3 (or in other position on the
paper strip) a metrical or other scale which may be applied either on one or on
both sides or surfaces of the paper, as in Figure 4.

page_text: Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. The herein described process of stretching or straightening out and pre-
paring paper in the roll, consisting in winding it up with a fabric under tension,
whereby the paper is equalised in thickness and tension, and is endowed with a
tendency to roll up evenly with the woven fabric to be "papered."
2nd. An apparatus for stretching or straightening out and preparing paper in
the roll, consisting of a fabric e wound on a beam d and put in tension by levers f
and weights g, in combination with a guide roller i and roller h, upon which the
paper cand fabric e are wound together, the whole arranged and operating
substantially as described with reference to Figure 1 of the Drawings for the
purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty eighth day of January, A.D. 1881.
M CITA DI
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