IMPROVEMENTS IN FILE CUTTING MACHINERY
Year: 1884

page_text: I ALFRED WEED of Philadelphia in the State of Pennsylvania one of the
United States of America, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN FILE CUTTING MACHINERY to be as follows:-
The object of the improvements is to provide apparatus adapted to cut files more
economically expeditiously and of a better quality than has heretofore been effected
by machinery.
The invention relates first to the construction and arrangement of the bed piece
of the machine which is constructed so as to be maintained in a horizontal position
on the framing whilst the chisel for cutting the files and its carrier are capable of
being swung in order to deliver a blow of the degree of obliquity desired.
This chisel is actuated by a cam applied upon a suitable axis, the axial line of
which coincides with the axis of oscillation of the carrier and thereby, whatever
may be the angle at which the carrier is placed its position relatively to its
actuating means will remain unchanged.
'
Another part of my invention has reference to the means of supporting the
sliding bed piece of the machine so as to afford to it the greatest firmness under
the blow of the chisel.
I cast the base plate by preference, in one with the standard or support of the
machine. This base plate is provided with bearings for the shaft of the main
driving pulley. This pulley is formed with a hand rim and with a groove adapted
to receive a band for driving the feed mechanism at one rate of speed and with
another or other grooves adapted by this band being shifted thereto to give
a different rate of speed. A tension pulley carried by an adjustable sliding or
Bwinging or other support from the framing, engages the driving band fro:n the
main pulley to the feed mechanism so as to enable the proper tension to be
continuously maintained.
This feed pulley is carried by an axis supported on the base plate and this axis
is provided with a toothed wheel which operates another toothed wheel on another
axis or shaft similarly carried by the base plate and which shaft is screwed so as
to enable it to engage with a half nut or equivalent device carried by the file
carrier. This feed pulley is constructed by preference of two discs of wood and
these discs are held together by two metal flanges, one flange being affixed to the
shaft and the other one being removable and adjustable for convenience of removal
and replacement of those wooden portions as they become worn or otherwise.

page_text: The V shaped thread of the feed screw is so formed by inclining the one side of
that thread that the half nut is prevented disengaging itself and rising out of place
in operation. The file blank during cutting is held on a moveable piece and
retained in position by ordinary means operated by the presser foot.
The shatt of the main pulley after passing through a sleeve or bearing is provided
with an eccentric double cam which cam is suspended upon and revolves around
the end of that bearing and engages the plunger supporting the chisel through the
intervention of a tappet. This plunger slides in a correspondingly shaped guide-
way in a head which is capable of being oscillated on the axis of the driving pulley
and of being adjusted and fixed from time to time in any desired position.
The holder for the chisel is carried by the plunger either by being formed with
capability of rotating on a pin or stud and of being held by a set screw to the
desired angle of cut to be given to the chisel held thereby or this holder may be
loosely attached to the chisel it carries so as to enable the chisel to adapt itself to
the inequalities of the file blank by means of a pin provided with a retaining head
passing through the chisel into the holder.
The blow to the chisel is obtained by means of an India rubber spring applied
over the chisel carrier or plunger which spring is compressed by the operation of
the cam and the plunger being then and intermittently released the expansion
of this spring accelerates the striking blow.

page_text: "
"
I ALFRED WEED of Philadelphia in the State of Pennsylvania one of the United
States of America Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FILE CUTTING MACHINERY and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object of the invention is to provide improved apparatus adapted to cut files
more economically and more expeditiously as well as of a better quality, than has
heretofore been effected by file cutting machinery.
The improvements relate first to the construction and arrangement of the bed
piece of the machine which is constructed so as to be maintained in a horizontal
position on the framing whilst the chisel for cutting the files and its carrier are so
arranged as to be capable of being swung in order to deliver a blow of the degree
of obliquity desired.
Another part of my invention has reference to the means of supporting the
sliding bed piece of the machine so as to afford to it the greatest firmness under
the blow of the chisel and for operating and controlling the file cutting parts. In
the accompanying drawings Figure 1 shews by a vertical horizontal section
Figure 2 by a vertical transverse central section Figure 3 by a rear view. Figure 4
by a side elevation apparatus for cutting files arranged according to my invention.
Figure 5 a sectional plan of the machine taken on the line x x of Figure 1.
The like letters indicate like parts throughout the figures.
A indicates the bed piece of the machine of V section maintainable horizontally
on the framing whilst the chisel d for cutting the files and its carrier fare capable
of being swung in order to deliver a blow upon the file at d¹ of the degree of
obliquity desired.
The chisel d in its plunger f is actuated for its to and fro motion for striking
the file by means of a cam g carried upon an axis glor other suitable axis engaging
with a projection f¹ therefrom; and the axial line of this shaft g¹ coincides with
the axis of oscillation of the chisel carrier f and its adjuncts and thereby whatever
may be the angle at which the carrier f is placed, its position relatively to its
actuating means will remain unchanged.
The base plate A' is cast by preference in one with the standard or support of
the machine B. This base plate A¹ is provided with bearings for the shaft g
which is in the present arrangement also the axis of the main driving pulley h
¹ being the loose pulley into which the driving band may at will, be transferred
from by means of the loop i operated by its lever and the handle lever j
centred at j' to the part B. The pulley h is at ³ formed as a hand wheel, or with
a hand rim, and with a groove or part 3 adapted to receive a band k for driving
the feed mechanism at one rate of speed and it may be provided with another
groove or part, or other grooves or parts of different diameters adapted for the
band or its equivalent, to be shifted thereto, so as to give a different rate of
speed when desired. A tension pulley m, carried by an adjustable sliding
support m² or it may be a swinging or other support thereto, from the framing or

page_text: bearing part B engages the driving band k in its course from around the main
driving pulley ha to around the pulley n of the feed mechanism so as to enable the
proper tension to the band to be continuously maintained in operation, > is a
band driving the pulley h.
This pulley n of the feed mechanism is carried by an axis o supported from the
base plate A' by bearings o¹ in an arm o² and this axis o is provided with a tooth
wheel which engages with another toothed wheel on the axis which forms
the feed shaft. This shaft p is also carried in bearings på p³ from the base plate A¹
and this feed shaft p is screwed at p so as to enable it to engage with a half nut q,
or equivalent device, carried by the file carrier r, and this half nut q, or its
equivalent, for disconnecting the feed screw p' and the feed carrier r may be turned
up as indicated by the dotted lines. The feed pulley n is constructed by
preference of two discs of wood, held together by metal flanges, one flange being
affixed to the shaft o and the other flange being removable and adjustable by
means of removable and adjustable connections, for convenience of removal,
replacement or renewal of the wooden portions as they may become worn or
otherwise The V shaped thread of the feed screw p is so formed by the one
side of its thread being inclined that the half nut or piece q is prevented from
disengaging itself and rising out of place in operation from its engagement with
the feed screw 2. The file blank s during the time it is being cut or operated is
held on a moveable piece t "as a leveller and retained thereon in position by
ordinary means operated by the presser foot.
The operating of the driving means to the chisel d is as follows-the shaft g¹ of
the main pulley h after passing through a sleeve or bearing in B carries a double
excentric cam g which cam is suspended at and revolves around the end of that
bearing and engages the plunger or carrier f directly by a projection f¹ or through
the intervention of a tappet or similar means. This plunger or carrier slide f
slides in the correspondingly formed guide way f² in the head f³ which head is
capable with the plunger f and parts carried by it of being oscillated on the same
centre of motion or axis as that of the driving pulley h, being borne by the sleeve
or bearing at B and this head f³ may be adjusted and fixed at will from time to
time in any desired angle or position by means of nuts and screws f* to the
bearing standard B in opening f³.
The holder e for the chisel d is carried by the plunger f either by being formed
with capability of rotating on a pin or stud e¹ and of being held by a set screw to
the desired angle of cut to be given to the chisel held thereby or this holder e may
be loosely attached to the chisel d it carries so as to enable the chisel d to adapt
itself to the inequalities of the file blank by means of a pin provided with a
retaining head passing through the chisel into the holder of it or by a screw pin e¹
passing through the side of the holder e and pressing on the chisel d.
The blow to the chisel d is obtained by means of the pressure of an india rubber
spring applied over the chisel carrier plunger f which spring v is by the operation
of the cam g lifting the plunger f compressed in contact with the plate v held
down by the screw stem so applied in the head f³ as to be adjustable by turning
the part and the further rotation of the cam g intermittently releases the
plunger and this impelled by the spring v has its blow for striking accelerated
and the chisel d partakes thereof.
w is an arın carried by the head f2 carried down and provided with an
adjustable end piece of curved form w¹ adapted to bear on the blank in proximity
to the chisel end d and this arm also by a projection w' engages a slot in the lever x
centred at x and connected by weighted link or rod x to the presser foot for
effecting the lifting of the part w of the head f³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction and arrangement of file cutting machinery with its bed
piece arranged with capability of being maintained in a horizontal position on the

page_text: framing whilst the chisel and its carrier can be swung on a centre so as to deliver a
blow of the desired degree of obliquity substantially as set forth.
2. The construction and arrangement of means of supporting the sliding bed
piece of a machine for cutting files substantially as set forth.
3. The arrangement or combination of parts forming the means for operating
adjusting and regulating the chisel or cutter of a file cutting machine substantially
as set forth.
4. The general combination and arrangement of parts of file cutting machinery
as set forth.