IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Brown, of 5, Townsend Street, Old Kent Road, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES.”
1 3119th Anvil 1878 and dated the 9th February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Brown at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1878..
JAMES BROWN, of 5, Townsend Street, Old Kent Road.
COCKS OR VALVES."
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention has for its object improvements in cocks or valves.
In constructing cocks or valves for steam, water, gas, and other fluids I form in
the shell or body of the cock a diaphragm, separating the inlet from the outlet side,
and in the centre of this diaphragm I form a socket or bearing for the end of a valve
spindle. The valve spindle also passes through a bush which is screwed into a
cover, closing the body of the cock on the exit side of the diaphragm. When
necessary I also apply a cap over the bush and a packing to form a fluid-tight joint
around the spindle. On the outer end of the valve spindle there is a handle by
which it can be turned partly round. On the face of the diaphragin there are two
or other number of bosses or elevations, and through each there is a hole with a
facing upon the boss around it.
The valve spindle has a disc valve formed upon it, and by means of the bush
through which the spindle passes this disc can be set down into fluid-tight contact
with the faces formed upon the bosses on the diaphragm. There are holes formed
through the disc valve corresponding to those through. the diaphragm, and by
turning the valve spindle and valve the holes can be brought together when the
fluid passes freely.
An alternative arrangement is to form a screw thread upon the valve spindle
and bush, so that by turning the spindle the valve is lifted from its seat.
When I wish to use a single cock for both hot and cold water I employ a similar
construction to that first described; I form two holes in the diaphragm and cause
them to communicate separately with the two supplies.

page_text: The disc valve revolves in front of the diaphragm and so closes the holes, but it
has a perforation through it which can be brought to correspond with either of the
holes in the diaphragm when it is desired that the water should flow.
I apply the arrangement of a disc valve with holes through it, to the suction and
delivery pieces of syringes, in such manner that the valve may be made at pleasure
to determine the delivery of the water either through a central orifice and nozzle or
through a number of fine perforations, forming a rose around this nozzle. At the
inner end of the suction and delivery piece within the barrel of the syringe there
are two passages, one of which leads to the central orifice, and the other to the
cavity around it from which the rose perforations form the outlets. At their inner
ends these passages are covered by a disc valve, it is mounted upon a stem or axis
which passes through to the front where the delivery nozzle is screwed upon it.
By turning the outer milled edge of the valve piece the holes formed in the dise
valve can be brought to correspond either with one or the other of the two passages.
The same disc also serves as a suction valve, and opens both the passages for the
admission of water to the barrel. For this purpose it is free to play for a short
distance along a square formed upon the spindle, so that the valve leaves it seat
when the pressure is inwards.
•
The arrangement is also applicable to other delivery nozzles in which a valve is
employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th August
1878.
JAMES BROWN, of 5, Townsend Street, Old Kent Road.
COCKS OR VALVES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention has for its object improvements in cocks or valves.
In constructing cocks or valves for steam, water, gas, and other fluids I form in
the shell or body of the cock a diaphragm, separating the inlet from the outlet side,
and in the centre of this diaphragm I form a socket or bearing for the end of a valve
spindle. The valve spindle also passes through a bush which is screwed into a
cover, closing the body of the cock on the exit side of the diaphragm. When
necessary I also apply a cap over the bush, and a packing to form a fluid-tight joint
around the spindle. On the outer end of the valve spindle there is a handle by
which it can be turned partly round. On the face of the diaphragm there are two
or other number of bosses or elevations, and through each there is a hole with a
facing upon the boss around it.
The valve spindle has a disc valve formed upon it, and by means of the bush
through which the spindle passes this disc can be set down into fluid-tight contact
with the faces formed upon the bosses on the diaphragm. There are holes formed
through the disc valve corresponding to those through the diaphragm, and by

page_text: turning the valve spindle and valve the holes can be brought together when the fluid
passes freely.
An alternative arrangement is to form a screw thread upon the valve spindle and
bush, so that by turning the spindle the valve is lifted from its seat.
When I wish to use a single cock for both hot and cold water I employ a similar
construction to that first described, I form two holes in the diaphragm and cause
them to communicate separately with the two supplies.
The disc valve revolves in front of the diaphragm and so closes the holes, but it
has a perforation through it which can be brought to correspond with either of the
holes in the diaphragm when it is desired that the water should flow.
}
I apply the arrangement of a disc valve with holes through it to the suction and
delivery pieces of syringes in such manner that the valve may be made at pleasure
to determine the delivery of the water, either through a central orifice and nozzle or
through a number of fine perforations, forming a rose around this nozzle. At the
inner end of the suction and delivery piece within the barrel of the syringe there.
are two passages, one of which leads to the central orifice, and the other to the
cavity around it from which the rose perforations form the outlets. At their inner
ends these passages are covered by a disc valve; it is mounted upon a stem or axis
which passes through to the front where the delivery nozzle is screwed upon it.
By turning the outer milled edge of the valve piece the holes formed in the disc
valve can be brought to correspond either with one or the other of the two passages.
The same disc also serves as a suction valve and opens both the passages for the
admission of water to the barrel. For this purpose it is free to play for a short
distance along a square formed upon the spindle, so that the valve leaves its seat
when the pressure is inwards.
The arrangement is also applicable to other delivery nozzles in which a valve is
employed.
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed shews a longitudinal section of a cock:
constructed as herein-before first described; Figure 2 is a plan view of the valve.
face of the same.
.
A is the shell or body with a diaphragm or partition B, separating the inlet from
the outlet side; through this diaphragm are two openings C, C, as shewn at
Figure 2, and there is a small raised rim around each of these openings; D is the
disc valve with holes formed through it, corresponding to those through the
diaphragm; E is the spindle by which the disc D is carried; its lower end enters a
bearing formed for it at the centre of the diaphragm; its upper end passes through a
bush F, which is screwed into the cover G by which the body of the cock is closed; ;
and on the top of the spindle is a handle by which it can be turned. The lower end
of the bush F bears against a collar on the spindle, and by screwing in this bush,
more or less, the disc can be set down into fluid-tight contact with the faces formed
upon the rims; around the holes in the diaphragm K is a cap screwed on to the
exterior of the upper part of the bush, it serves to cover over the bush, and also acts
as a lock nut to prevent the bush from becoming unscrewed.
In Figure 1 the cock is shewn closed; if however a quarter turn is given to the
valve spindle the holes in the disc valve will be brought over the holes in the
diaphragm and fluid will pass freely.
Figure 3 shews a section of a similar construction of cock adapted for supplying
either hot or cold water, or both simultaneously; Figure 4 is a plan view of the
valve face of the same. In this Figure the ports or holes formed through the disc
valve are shewn by dotted lines.
One of the holes through the diaphragm communicates with a water supply
pipe H which may be for cold water, the other with a supply pipe I for hot
water.
When the disc valve is in the position shewn at Figure 4 the cock is closed; by
giving it a partial turn either to the right or to the left one or other of the holes
through the disc valve can be brought over one or other of the holes through the
diaphragm, and either hot or cold water be so allowed to flow from the cock.

page_text: By giving the valve a further turn the two holes through the disc valve can be
brought over the two holes through the diaphragm, and so cause both hot and cold
water to be supplied simultaneously.
Figure 5 shews a longitudinal section of the end of a garden syringe, having a
similar construction of cock applied to it to determine the delivery of water, either
through a jet nozzle, or through perforations in a rose surrounding this nozzle.
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 shew views of parts of this cock; A is the body of the cock
screwed into the end of the barrel of the syringe. Across the interior of the body A
is a diaphragm B with two passages formed through it, one marked L leading to the
central jet nozzle, the other marked M to a perforated rose surrounding this nozzle ;
D is the disc valve with two holes formed through it; it is free to slide to and fro
along the square end of the spindle E, which passes through the centre of the body A.
Its front end is hollow and communicates by a side opening with the passage L;
it has also screwed on to it the jet nozzle N; O is a perforated disc forming the rose
jet; it is formed with a square hole at its centre to fit over a square on the spindle E,
and at its periphery rests against the end of the body A and closes it. The disc O
has a milled edge to allow of its being turned freely by hand. When the disc is
turned it carries round with it the disc valve D. If a partial turn is given to the
disc in one direction it brings one of the holes in the disc valve over the end of the
passage M, whilst if a partial turn is given to it in the opposite direction it brings
the other hole in the disc valve over the end of the passage L; the extent to which
the disc valve can be turned in either direction is limited by a pin P, which enters a
recess Qin its edge.
It will be seen that as the disc valve can slide a distance to and fro along its
spindle, it in addition to controlling the delivery also serves as a suction valve to
give a free admission of water to the barrel of the syringe; R, R, are packing rings
around the valve spindle, one to make a joint between the back of the body A and
a collar on the valve spindle, and the other to make a joint between the front of the
body A and the disc O.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The construction of cocks or valves, substantially as herein-before
described.
Second. The construction of cock or valve, substantially as shewn at Figures 1
and 2.
Third. The construction of cock or valve, substantially as shewn at Figures
and 4.
Fourth. The construction of cock or valve for the delivery end of a syringe,
substantially as shewn at Figure 5.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Brown, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JAMES BROWN (LS)
'
JAMES BROWN
(LS)