IMPROVEMENTS IN STRAINER ÅDDARATHS TO BE HERD IN MUD MANTRA O Dino APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Watson, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the
County of Newcastle-on-Tyne, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STRAINER ÅDDARATHS TO BE HERD IN MUD MANTRA O Dino "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Watson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th December 1875.
I, HENRY WATSON, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of New-
castle-on-Tyne, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STRAINER APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates to improvements in revolving knotter apparatus
used for straining pulp in the manufacture of paper.
At the present time, in order to produce the suction necessary to draw
pulp through the slits of the knotter plates from the exterior to the
interior of the revolving knotter or strainer elastic vessels composed

page_text: partly of india-rubber, and mounted within the revolving knotter are
caused alternately to contract and expand, and this is effected by means
of a shaft passed through the axes of the strainer, and moved to and fro
with a very short quick stroke. This rapid backward and forward
motion requires a considerable expenditure of power, and causes great
wear and tear.
My Invention has partly for its object to construct the apparatus in
such manner that it may be worked with less power and with less wear
and tear, so as to render the apparatus more durable, and at the same
time more efficient.
I propose to use metallic cylinders carried in the interior of the
revolving knotter together with pistons (either with or without packing)
fixed on a hollow shaft extending the full length of the strainer, or it
might be of less length if desired. I perforate the shaft at its end, and
also on the inside of the several cylinders to allow ingress and egress of
air as the pistons move backwards and forwards; thus a longer stroke
may readily be obtained.
I also in some cases make the return or back stroke quicker than the
forward stroke, and thus obtain a slower and more prolonged sucking
action, together with a quick back stroke to drive back the knots and
clear the slits of the knotter plates.
The motion of the shaft may also be slow or rapid, or regular or
irrecular as desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Watson in the Great Seal Patent Office 2
on the 9th June 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
WATSON, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of Newcastle-on-Tyne,
send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Hér 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-

page_text: cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry. Watson, Her special
license that I, the said Henry Watson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Watson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STRAINER APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry
Watson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Watson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to improvements in revolving knotter apparatus
used for straining pulp in the manufacture of paper.
At the present time in order to produce the suction necessary to draw
pulp through the slits of the knotter plates from the exterior to the
6 interior of a revolving knotter or strainer, elastic vessels composed
partly of india-rubber and mounted within the revolving knotter are
caused alternately to contract and expand, and this is effected by means
of a shaft passed through the axes of the strainer, and moved to and
fro with a very short quick stroke. This rapid backward and forward
motion requires a considerable expenditure of power, and causes great
wear and tear.
My Invention has partly for its object to construct the apparatus
in such manner that it may be worked with less power and with less
wear and tear, so as to render the apparatus more durable, and at the
5 same time more efficient. For this purpose I use metallic cylinders
carried in the interior of the revolving knotter, together with pistons
(either with or without packing) fixed on a hollow shaft extending the

page_text: full length of the strainer, or it might be of less length if desired. I
perforate the shaft at its end, and also on the inside of the several
cylinders to allow ingress and egress of air as the pistons move back-
wards and forwards; thus a longer stroke may readily be obtained.
The accompanying Drawing shews a strainer 'apparatus constructed
according to my Invention.
Figure 1 is a sectional plan showing the suction apparatus.
Figure 2 is an outside elevation showing the vat and driving gear,
and Figure 3 is a front elevation showing the vat and driving gear.
The arrangement shewn in the Drawings of the vat A, standards B,
driving gear C, and brass frame D is the same as now commonly used
in the ordinary revolving strainer or knotter. The cylinders E, as
shewn in Figure 1, are fixed to the brass frame D. The pistons F are
fixed to the hollow shaft G, composed for convenience of several pieces
connected together by means of the coupling nuts H, or may be made
in one piece. This shaft is continued to the outside of the receiving
box K on the end of the knotter, and is perforated with holes inside the
cylinders for the admission of air to relieve the pistons when working.
The end of the shaft G is connected to the rod I, which is attached to
the connecting rod J by means of a swivel or universal joint.
It will thus be seen from the above description that when motion is
communicated by the connecting rod J to the shaft G that the pistons F
will reciprocate within the cylinders E, producing the action requisite
for the efficiency of the straining apparatus.
For packing the pistons a packing of india-rubber, hemp, or other
suitable material may be used, but I prefer to use for packing a soft
round india-rubber ring, as shewn at Figure 1, which having a rolling
motion in a groove in the piston reduces the friction to a minimum.
The stroke of the piston can be adjusted by varying the throw of the
driving crank.
It will be seen that by the arrangement above described I am enabled
to obtain a very strong sucking action without driving at a high speed,
or materially affecting the packing of the pistons.
If desired the return or back stroke of the pistons may be made
quicker than the forward stroke; and thus obtain a slower and more

page_text: prolonged sucking action, together with a quick back stroke to drive
back the knots and clear the slits of the knotter plates.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Watson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.