Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics and in Machinery used therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 27th Dec., 189C-Accepted, 31st Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics and in Machinery
used therefor.
We, José REIXACH, Managing Director, and ROBINSON BRACEWELL,
Foreman, both of Manningham Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce in a single shuttle loom a velvet woven
double face to face with fast selvage edges to each cloth and with what is called
twilled back and loose pile such as shewn by diagram A.
Such a fabric could be woven in a single shuttle loom by throwing first one pick
into the top piece then a pick into the lower piece and so on continuously.
In doing so the weft passing from one piece to the other would at the selvages
leave loops for the temples (commonly used in looms for weaving double pile fabrics
for holding the fabrics distended sidewise) to hold by.
But when these loops as they pass over the temples are ultimately cut by them
the threads of the selvages become loose which is a great disadvantage.
When weaving taffeta velvet with fast pile we have woven it by throwing first
3 picks in the top piece and then 3 picks in the bottom piece and so on and in this
way fast selvage edges are obtained on both pieces as well as loops for the temples
but this method cannot conveniently be used when weaving a twilled back loose
pile velvet such as shewn by the diagram.
According to our invention we in weaving the fabric cause first four picks to be.
thrown into the top piece then four into the bottom piece and so on continuously.
In this way the edges of the two pieces will along one side be made with fast
selvages and also with connecting threads or loops for the temples-but along the
opposite side fast selvages only are made and no connecting threads for the temples.
In order to provide loops for the temples along this side we employ a binding
thread to link or loop together the selvages of the two pieces as described in the
Specification of a former Patent No. 3327 of 1878. In this Specification such
binding thread was used for looping together the selvages of the two cloths when
woven in a loom with two shuttles thrown simultaneously.
For weaving a fabric such as shewn by diagram A. with four picks thrown
consecutively into one cloth and then 4 picks into the other we use a set of cams or
tappets constructed as shewn in Figures 1 to 7. Cams 1 and 2 are for controlling
the raising and lowering of the ground warps for the top cloth. Cams 3 and 4 for
the ground warps for the bottom cloth. Cams 5 and 6 are for the pile warps.
Cam 7 for the warp binding thread used on one side for making loops for the
temples and which has to be tied first into one cloth and then into the other as
described in the Specification before mentioned.
In diagram A the dots represent weft threads the figures against them indicate
the order in which they are thrown.
The lines 1 and 2 are the ground warps of the top cloth. The lines 3 and 4 are
the ground warps of the bottom cloth and the lines 5 and 6 are the pile warps.
In place of constructing the cams or tappets to allow of 4 picks being thrown
into one cloth and then into the other as above described we may construct them
in such manner that the picks may be thrown in the order shewn by diagram B.
The first pick thrown into the top cloth-the 2nd into the bottom cloth 3rd top-
4th 5th and 6th bottom- 7th 8th 9th and 10th top-11th 12th 13th and 14th bottom
-15th and 16th top and so on continuously.
Figures 1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A shew cams suitably formed for allowing the picks to
be thrown into the cloths in the above order.

page_text: By this combination we not only make fast selvages at each side but also loop
for both temples, so that the binding thread used in the combination first described
is not required.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics and in Machinery
used therefor.
We, JOSÉ REIXACH, Managing Director, and ROBINSON BRACEWELL,
Foreman, both of Manningham Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :--
The object of this invention is to produce in a single shuttle loom a velvet woven
double face to face with fast selvage edges to each cloth and with what is called
twilled back and loose pile such as shewn by diagram A.
Such a pile fabric could be woven in a single shuttle loom by throwing first one
pick into the top piece then a pick into the lower piece and so on continuously.
In doing so the weft passing from one piece to the other would at the selvages
leave loops for the temples (commonly used in looms for weaving double pile fabrics
for holding the fabrics distended sidewise) to hold by.
But when these loops as they pass over the temples are ultimately cut by them
the threads of the selvages become loose which is a great disadvantage.
When weaving taffeta velvet with fast pile we have woven it by throwing first
3 picks in the top piece and then 3 picks in the bottom piece and so on and in this
way fast selvage edges are obtained on both pieces as well as loops for the temples
but this method cannot conveniently be used when weaving a twilled back loose pile
velvet such as shewn by the diagram.
According to our invention we in weaving the fabric cause first four picks to be
thrown into the top piece then four into the bottom piece and so on continuously.
In this way the edges of the two pieces will along one side be made with fast
selvages and also with connecting threads or loops for the temples-but along the
opposite side fast selvages only are made and no connecting threads for the temples.
In order to provide loops for the temples along this side we employ a binding thread
to link or loop together the selvages of the two pieces as described in the Specifi-
cation of a former Patent No. 3327 of 1878. In this Specification such binding
thread was used for looping together the selvages of the two cloths when woven in
a loom with two shuttles thrown simultaneously.
For weaving a fabric such as shewn by diagram A left with our Provisional
Specification with four picks thrown consecutively into one cloth and then 4 picks
into the other we use a set of cams or tappets constructed as shewn in Figures 1 to 7.
Cams 1 and 2 are for controlling the raising and lowering of the ground warps for
the top cloth. Cams 3 and 4 for the ground warps for the bottom cloth. Cams 5
and 6 are for the pile warps. Cam 7 for the warp binding thread used on one side
for making loops for the temples and which has to be tied first into one cloth and
then into the other as described in the Specification before mentioned.
In diagram A the dots represent weft threads the figures against them indicate
the order in which they are thrown.
The lines 1 and 2 are the ground warps of the top cloth. The lines 3 and 4 are
the ground warps of the bottom cloth and the lines 5 and 6 are the pile warps.
In place of constructing the cams or tappets to allow of 4 picks being thrown
into one cloth and then four picks into the other as above described we may con-
struct them in such manner that the picks may be thrown in the order shewn by
diagram B. The first pick thrown into the top cloth-the 2nd into the bottom

page_text: cloth-3rd top--4th, 5th and 6th bottom-7th, 8th, 9th and 10th top-11th, 12th,
13th and 14th bottom-15th and 16th top and so on continuously.
Figures 14, 24, 34, 44, 54, 64, shew cams suitably formed for allowing the picks
to be thrown into the cloths in the above order.
By this combination we not only make fast selvages at each side but also loops
for both temples, so that the binding thread used in the combination first described
is not required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1. In the manufacture of pile fabrics the weaving of a double pile fabric with
the selvages of the two cloths held together at their edges on one side by the weft
passing at intervals from the one cloth to the other and on the opposite side by a
warp thread passing to and fro from one to the other substantially as described.
2. In single shuttle looms for weaving double pile fabrics in which the pile loops
are held by a single pick of weft only the employment of cams formed as described
with reference to Figures 1 to 7 for raising and lowering the warps so that the
weft is laid four times in succession into one cloth and then four times in succession
into the other and the selvages on one side are held together by a warp passing to
and fro from one to the other.
3. In single shuttle looms for weaving double pile fabrics in which the pile loops
are held by a single pick of weft only the employment of cams formed as described
with reference to Figures 14 to 64 for raising and lowering the warps so that the
weft is laid once into each cloth then 4 times in succession into one and three into
the other and afterwards three into the one which had 4 picks of weft laid into it
and 4 into the one that had three.
Dated this 27th day of December 1890
J. REIXACH.
R. BRACEWELL.