Improvements in the Treatment of Benzoyl-sulphonic Imide (Commonly known as "Saccharine").
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in the Treatment of Benzoyl-sulphonic Imide
(Commonly known as "Saccharine").
I ALFRED GORDON SALAMON Analytical Chemist of 1 Fenchurch Avenue in
the City of London do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
In the use for domestic purposes of Saccharine, which forms the subject of a patent
dated A.D. 1885, 1st June No. 6626, it is found necessary, in order to dissolve the
saccharine, to employ a certain percentage of alkali. This is found inconvenient,
as inexactness of proportion tends to destroy the flavour of the substance to be
sweetened.
.
In order to avoid this inconvenience, and to facilitate the use of Saccharine, I now
propose to produce an alkaline compound of this material, which will readily dissolve
in water and other liquids.
To prepare this compound, I dissolve the "Saccharine" in water, with the addition
of about ths its weight of bi-carbonate of soda, and evaporate to dryness. The residuum
I then reduce to powder, which is virtually a soluble neutral salt of Saccharine, and
ready for use.
In some cases it will be preferable to produce the substance in a granular form.
This I do by mixing the Saccharine and bicarbonate of soda dry, and adding sufficient.
water, in the presence of heat, to cause the particles to aggregate. The advantage of
this granular form is, that it is not liable to cake, and is therefore more convenient
for use.
I propose when desirable to granulate the mixture with spirit of wine or other fluid,
in which the ingredients are only partially soluble and I thus obtain a granular
preparation which will dissolve and effervesce when thrown into water.
I would remark that in place of bicarbonate of soda I may use the mono-carbonate
or other soda salts or other alkalis such as salts of potash and ammonia and the alkaline
earths or the hydrates thereof in such cases preferably adjusting the quantity of alkali
so as to obtain a neutral solution when the powder or granule above mentioned is
dissolved.

page_text: Improvements in the Treatment of Benzoyl Sulphonic Imide
(Commonly known as
Saccharine").
--I ALFRED GORON SALAMON, Analytical Chemist, of 1 Fenchurch Avenue in
the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner, the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—-
"
In the use, for domestic and technical purposes, of coal tar "saccharine" (i.e., the
substance discovered by Dr. Fahlberg to be possessed of sweetening properties, named
by him "Saccharine," and known to chemists as benzoyl sulphonic imide), it has been
found necessary, in order to dissolve it, to employ a certain percentage 'of alkali,
generally of carbonate of potash or soda, as "saccharine" itself is very slightly
soluble in water. Its alkaline compounds, however, are soluble to a very considerable
extent, and hence the object of the above mentioned addition.
It has hitherto been usual to mix the saccharine with about half its weight of the
dry carbonate of an alkali, and to apply this mixture to domestic and technical
purposes. This method of procedure involves serious inconveniences. Thus, the
dissolving of the "saccharine" is always attended by effervescence; the amount of
alkali introduced into the solution is likely to be in excess and to destroy the flavour
of the substance to be sweetened; and the sale of the "saccharine," in this form, opens
the door to adulteration at the hands of retailers. In order to overcome these objections
and to facilitate the public use of "saccharine," I now propose to produce a marketable
soluble compound of this material, which, containing but a small percentage of alkali,
will, when dissolved, be practically neutral to test paper.
":
To prepare this compound, I dissolve the saccharine in water with the addition of
about ths of its weight of bicarbonate of soda, and after effervescence, evaporate to
dryness. The residuum I reduce to powder, when it is ready for use.
This
The actual quantities which I preferably employ are in the following proportions:
Saccharine, 25 lbs. avoirdupois (English); sodic bicarbonate 10 lbs. 3 ozs.
dissolved in a suitable proportion of water will, after effervescence and evaporation,
yield a product weighing 28 lbs. 3 ozs. By this mode of treatment, a product con-
taining more than 90% of saccharine readily soluble in water or other liquid is
obtained. It is moreover soluble to about 20% of its weight in cold water, and this is
ample limit of solubility for all practical purposes.-In some cases it will be preferable
to produce the substance in a granular form. This I do by mixing the "saccharine"
and the bicarbonate of soda dry, and adding sufficient water in the presence of heat to
cause the particles to aggregate. The advantage. of this granular form, which I
prefer, is that it is not liable to cake, and is therefore more convenient for use.-I
would remark that, in place of bicarbonate of soda, I may use the monocarbonate or
other soda salts, or the hydrate of soda or other alkalis, such as potash or lithia or

page_text: ammonium, and the alkaline earths, or the hydrates thereof, in such cases preferably
adjusting the quantity of alkali so as to obtain a neutral solution when the powder or
granules above mentioned are dissolved.--Thus I can, in practice, by combining
100 parts of saccharine by weight with the necessary amount of potash, obtain
116 parts of the soluble compound; with lithium, 104 parts; or with magnesium,
115 parts by weight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
The production of a soluble preparation of the compound known as saccharine in
the manner and for the purposes above set forth.

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct, 1887
Complete Left, 4th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 9th Mar., 1888
Improvements in the Treatment of Benzoyl-sulphonic Imide
(Commonly known as "Saccharine”).
―
I ALFRED GORDON SALAMON Analytical Chemist of 1 Fenchurch Avenue in
the City of London do hereby, declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the use for domestic purposes of Saccharine, which forms the subject of a patent
dated A.D. 1885, 1st June No. 6626, it is found necessary, in order to dissolve the
saccharine, to employ a certain percentage of alkali. This is found inconvenient,
as inexactness of proportion tends to destroy the flavour of the substance to be
sweetened...
In order to avoid this inconvenience, and to facilitate the use of Saccharine, I now
propose to produce an alkaline compound of this material, which will readily dissolve
in water and other liquids.
To prepare this compound, I dissolve the "Saccharine" in water, with the addition
of about ths its weight of bi-carbonate of soda, and evaporate to dryness.-The residuum
I then reduce to powder, which is virtually a soluble neutral salt of Saccharine, and
ready for use.
In some cases it will be preferable to produce the substance in a granular form.
This I do by mixing the Saccharine and bicarbonate of soda dry, and adding sufficient
water, in the presence of heat, to cause the particles to aggregate. The advantage of
this granular form is, that it is not liable to cake, and is therefore more convenient
for use.
I propose when desirable to granulate the mixture with spirit of wine or other fluid,
in which the ingredients are only partially soluble and 1 thus obtain a granular
preparation which will dissolve and effervesce when thrown into water.
I would remark that in place of bicarbonate of soda I may use the mono-carbonate
or other soda salts or other alkalis such as salts of potash and ammonia and the alkaline
earths or the hydrates thereof in such cases preferably adjusting the quantity of alkali
so as to obtain a neutral solution when the powder or granule above mentioned is
dissolved.
Dated th: 10th 1
1007

page_text: Improvements in the Treatment of Benzoyl Sulphonic Imide
(Commonly known as "Saccharine").
I ALFRED GORDON SALAMON, Analytical Chemist, of 1 Fenchurch Avenue in
the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
In the use, for domestic and technical purposes, of coal tar "saccharine" (i.e., the
substance discovered by Dr. Fahlberg to be possessed of sweetening properties, named
by him "Saccharine," and known to chemists as benzoyl sulphonic imide), it has been
found necessary, in order to dissolve it, to employ a certain percentage of alkali,
generally of carbonate of potash or soda, as "saccharine itself is very slightly
soluble in water. Its alkaline compounds, however, are soluble to a very considerable
extent, and hence the object of the above mentioned addition.
"
It has hitherto been usual to mix the saccharine with about half its weight of the
dry carbonato of an alkali, and to apply this mixture to domestic and technical
purposes. This method of procedure involves serious inconveniences. Thus, the
dissolving of the "saccharine" is always attended by effervescence; the amount of
alkali introduced into the solution is likely to be in excess and to destroy the flavour
of the substance to be sweetened; and the sale of the "saccharine," in this form, opens
the door to adulteration at the hands of retailers. In order to overcome these objections
and to facilitate the public use of "saccharine," I now propose to produce a marketable
soluble compound of this material, which, containing but a small percentage of alkali,
will, when dissolved, he practically neutral to test paper.
To prepare this compound, I dissolve the saccharine in water with the addition of
about ths of its weight of bicarbonate of soda, and after effervescence, evaporate to
dryness. The residuum I reduce to powder, when it is ready for use.
This
The actual quantities which I preferably employ are in the following proportions:
Saccharine, 25 lbs. avoirdupois (English); sodic bicarbonate 10 lbs. 3 ozs.
dissolved in a suitable proportion of water will, after effervescence and evaporation,
yield a product weighing 28 lbs. 3 ozs. By this mode of treatment, a product con-
taining more than 90% of saccharine readily soluble in water or other liquid is
obtained. It is moreover soluble to about 20% of its weight in cold water, and this is
ample limit of solubility for all practical purposes.-In some cases it will be preferable
to produce the substance in a granular form. This I do by mixing the "saccharine "
and the bicarbonate of soda dry, and adding sufficient water in the presence of heat to
cause the particles to aggregate. The advantage of this granular form, which 1
prefer, is that it is not liable to cake, and is therefore more convenient for use.-I
would remark that, in place of bicarbonate of soda, I may use the monocarbonate or
other soda salts, or the hydrate of soda or other alkalis, such as potash or lithia or

page_text: ammonium, and the alkaline earths, or the hydrates thereof, in such cases preferably
adjusting the quantity of alkali so as to obtain a neutral solution when the powder or
granules above mentioned are dissolved. Thus 1 can, in practice, by combining
100 parts of saccharine by weight with the necessary amount of potash, obtain
116 parts of the soluble compound; with lithium, 104 parts; or with magnesium,
115 parts by weight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The production of a soluble preparation of the compound known as saccharine in
the manner and for the purposes above set forth.
Did th: 911
TI
1000