Improvements in Presses, Power Hammers, and similar Apparatus.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Presses, Power Hammers, and similar Apparatus.
I, CASPAR SCHUMACHER, Engineer, of Kalk, near Cologne, in the German Empire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to presses, power hammers, and similar apparatus,
particularly of that class in which pressure, produced by a pump driven by steam or
the like, is accumulated in, and transmitted by, a suitable liquid or fluid (say water)
which actuates the press, hammer or the like.
I shall hereinafter describe the arrangement adopted where steam and water are
used the same principle being applied when other motive power, or an other medium
for accumulating and transmitting pressure is employed.
According to this invention two or more rams are employed to exert the pressure,
three being a convenient number, there are also say three steain cylinders each work-
ing an independent piston or pump to force water into the chambers of the three
rams. The rams are so arranged that each may work the press, hammer, or the like,
or any two or all three may do so simultaneously.
The pumps are so connected with the chambers for the rams that one pump, two,
or all three may force water into any or all of the chambers.
Suitable valves are provided so that one, two, or all of the pumps may force water
into the chamber of any or all the rams.
I am thus enabled to work a single ram (exerting power on part only of the press
etc. if desired) with one, two or all the pumps, to use two rams with part or the whole
of the power, or to work the entire number of rams with part or the whole of the
power available.
By this arrangement the pressure or blow can be graduated to a much greater
extent and with much greater nicety than could heretofore be done and the whole
may be so set as to deliver blows say of different force on different parts of the same
piece.
In any case, however the parts may be set, the power will be used economically
and will be perfectly under control.
I, CASPAR SCHUMACHER, Engineer, of Kalk, near Cologne, in the German Empire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
[Price 8d.]

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to presses, such as, forging and shaping presses, and the
like, in which fluid pressure is produced by a pump worked by steam or other motive
power, and conveyed thence directly to the cylinder or ram of the forging or other
press.
According to the present invention such combined pumping apparatus and forging
presses are so arranged each with two or more operative cylinders, that the power
exercised by the press can be accurately proportioned to the work to be performed, so
that the press can be used with equal advantage both for very light and very heavy
work.
For this purpose the several steam or other pumps are so arranged in connection
with the several press cylinders that on the one hand each of the pumps can be made
to supply a separate press cylinder, which may either all be thus operated simul-
taneously, or only one, two or more may be so operated, the others being thrown
out of action, or, on the other hand, one or more of the pumps may be made to
supply one or more press cylinders, as I will describe with reference to the accom-
panying drawings which shew by way of example a steam hydraulic press constructed
according to my above described invention with three steam pumps and three
hydraulic press cylinders.
Figure 1 shews a front view of the hydraulic press with section through the
hydraulic pressing and lifting cylinders.
Figure 2 shews a front view of the steam pumps for working the press, and
Fig. 3 shews a side view of the pumps.
The press is constructed with a vertically sliding crosshead or platen c, sliding on
pillars e, and having fixed to its upper side three press plungers a a¹ a², working in
cylinders à d¹ d² suitably carried by the press framing.
Between the cylinders d are arranged the two lifting cylinders 6 b¹, whose pistons
are also attached to the cross head and are worked in the known manner for raising
the crosshead after each pressing or forging stroke.
The three cylinders d d d² receive the pressure fluid, such as water, from the three
steam pumps A A¹ A² these being so connected with each other and with the press
cylinders by pipes that all or one or more of the pumps can be made to communicate
with all or one or more of the press cylinders. The pump cylinders all have their
discharge ends put in communication with each other by pipes 8. The pump A2 is
connected by a pipe t to the middle press cylinder d'; the pump A is connected by
the pipe u with the press cylinder d. The pump A¹ is connected by a pipe u¹ with
the press cylinder d². The pipes t, u and u¹ are each provided with a shut-off
valve w w² w³.
It will be seen that by the above described arrangement the following connections
can be made between the pumps A A1 A2 and the press cylinders d d¹ d²:
1, A A¹ A² communicate respectively with the cylinders d d² d¹ by opening the
valves ww2 w³.
2, A A¹ A2 communicate with d and d² only by closing valve w³.
3, A A¹ A2 communicate with a¹ only by closing valves w w².
4, A A² conmunicate with d d d by cutting off steam supply to pump A¹.
5, A A2 with d d² by closing valve w³ and cutting off A¹.
6, A A² with d¹ by closing w w² and cutting off A¹.
7, A¹ with d d¹ d² by cutting off A A².
8, A¹ with d d² by closing w³ and cutting off A A².
9, A¹ with d¹ by closing ww2 and cutting off A A².
Thus the available power can be made to operate in nine different ways upon the
press, according as the whole or a portion of the power is made to act upon the
whole or a portion of the press cylinders.
Taking the above nine modes of connection and assuming that each stroke of
the press cylinders is effected by a single stroke of the numns we shall have ·

page_text: For 1, maximum power (say, 9,000,000 kilo.) operating with normal strok (say
200 m. in.).
For 2: Maximum power operating with greater stroke (say 300 m. m.).
3 Maximum power with maximum stroke (say 600 m. m.).
4: Medium power (6,000,000 k.) with less than normal stroke (133 m. m.).
5 Medium power with normal stroke (200 m. m.).
6 Medium power with greater stroke (400 m. m.).
7: Small power (3,000,000 k.) with ninimum stroke (66 m.in.).
8 Small power with less than normal stroke (100 m. m.).
9 Small power with normal stroke (200 m. in.).
The motor engines of the pumps are arranged in any suitable known manner so
that each one can be worked independently of the others.
The pressures in the cylinders aa² are equalised by means of a communicating
pipe o; the raising cylinders b 6' are supplied with fluid pressure through a pipe p,
and are operated in the manner usual with hydraulic presses. Also, the filling of the
press cylinders with fluid not under pressure when not working is effected in the
known manner, and generally, the construction of the pumps and press éxcept as to
the parts above described, is of any suitable known arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
A press for forging, shaping, bending and the like consisting of two or more press
cylinders, such as d d¹ d², connected to one and the same crosshead and connected
respectively by pipes, such as t, u, u¹, with a corresponding number of forcing pumps,
such as A A¹ A2, each operated by a separate motor engine, the said connecting pipes
being provided with shut-off valves, such as www³, so that either all the force
pumps can be made to work all the press cylinders, or only one or more thereof
can be made to work all the press cylinders, or all or one or more of the pumps can
be made to work one or more of the press cylinders, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
Dated this 10th day of October 1898
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.