AN IMPROVED HORIZONTAL WIND MOTOR OR WIND MITT
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Adolph Purper, Negociant, of 45, Rue Turbigo,
Paris, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED HORIZONTAL WIND MOTOR OR
WIND MITT."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Adolph Purper at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1881.
"
LOUIS ADOLPH PURPER, Negociant, of 45, Rue Turbigo, Paris. 'AN IMPROVED
HORIZONTAL WIND MOTOR OR WIND MILL."
The Invention relates to the construction of a wind motor or wind mill which
utilizes the whole power of the wind whatever may be its direction.
The apparatus is based on the fact that winds or currents of air move
simultaneously from south to north or north to south, also from east to west or
west to east, but in the lower regions of the atmosphere they blow with various
intensities.
These currents cross each other, each of them having its more or less equally
perceptible opposing current, so that in principle they blow in four cross directions
at once and independent of the immediate currents.
In the above mentioned apparatus the principal as well as the opposite currents
contribute with their full power to the movement of the motor.
The apparatus consists of the following arrangements:-An upright shaft carries
four or more pallets and is supported in a footstep at the bottom of a frame which
may be made of wood or iron; this frame may consist of uprights connected
together with cross pieces, so that the whole forms a four sided box.
Each side surface of the frame is divided into two equal parts by uprights; one
of these parts is closed by a wall or partition, and the other is furnished with two
plates which form conductors for the entrance of the air to the acting pallets.
The direction of rotation for the above described arrangement may be altered at
will for the same direction of the wind by reversing the relative positions of the
conducting plates and of the wall or partition.
The shaft carries at its upper end a pulley or other suitable means for the
transmission of the power produced by the action of the wind on the driving wings
or pallets.

page_text: There may also be secured on the shaft over the cross pieces a number of small
wings of any suitable form, which are put in motion direct by the wind and which
increase the power of the machine.
The frame of the apparatus is closed above by a cover in which are openings
which allow the currents of wind blowing more or less obliquely downwards to
enter the frame.
Instead of fixing the apparatus it may be placed on a circular track so as to
follow the direction of the wind in its diverse variations and oscillations.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Louis Adolph Purper in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th August 1881.
LOUIS ADOLPH PURPER, Negociant, of 45, Rue Turbigo, à Paris. "AN IMPROVED
HORIZONTAL WIND MOTOR OR WIND MILL."
The Invention relates to the construction of a wind motor or windmill intended
to utilize as much as possible the power of the wind whatever may be its direction.
The apparatus is based on the fact. that winds or currents of air blow simul-
taneously in various directions, and in the lower regions of the atmosphere with
various intensities.
According to the observations of the inventor eight principal currents may be
distinguished, which form a regular star, and are more or less inclined to one
another.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings are shown two examples of the apparatus
both based on the same principle, that is to say, in both constructions the currents
of air moving in a direction opposite to that of the rotation of the motor are
deflected or diverted, and only those suitable for actuating the motor are allowed
to act upon. the pallet or paddle wheel. Fig. 1 of the Drawings is an elevation of
one arrangement of the machine; Fig. 2, a plan of the same; and Fig. 3, a section
on the same line .1—2, Fig. 2.
In these Figs. similar letters of reference indicate similar parts. The apparatus
consists of the following arrangements:-An upright shaft a carries four or more
wind boards or pallets b, and is supported on a foot-step c at the bottom of a box
like frame, shell; or case d, which may be made of wood or iron.
Each side surface of the frame, shell, or case is divided into two equal parts by
uprights h; one of these parts is closed by a wall or partition i, and the other is
furnished with two plates k, which form what may be called turbine like con-
ductors for the entrance of the currents of air to the acting wings or pallets of the
pallet or paddle wheel. The arrow indicates the direction of the entering wind.
In the Drawings the direction of rotation for the afore described arrangement
is shown by the arrow, but the direction of motion may be altered at will for the
same direction of the wind by reversing the relative positions of the closed sides i

page_text: and of the open ones o, whereby the wings or pallets b may be caused to turn to
the right instead of to the left, as shown in the Drawings.
"
The shaft a carries at its upper ond a pulley or other suitable means' for the
transmission of the power produced by the action of the wind on the driving wings
or pallets b. The frame of the apparatus is closed above by a cover m, in which
are openings in which allow the currents of wind blowing more or less obliquely
'downwards to enter the. frame, shell, or case.
Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 show another arrangement of the motor.
Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the frame without the
wind conducting boards or pallets and wing fly or paddle wheel.
Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the complete machine.
Fig. 8 à section on line x, x, of Fig. 9, and Fig. 9 a horizontal section through
the frame or case, and a view of the wings, pallets, or paddles from above.
In these Figs. similar letters of reference indicate similar parts.
An eight sided prism formed of eight uprights a and two octagonal frames b
and c serves as the frame, shell, or case of the apparatus, the flat sides of the prism
being open. Instead of forming the frame, shell, or case of an eight sided prism
it may be constructed of a cylindrical form and in iron, the frames b and c then
becoming rings.
d
In the centre of the frame, shell, or case is an upright shaft e furnished with six
wings or pallets d. This shaft works at its upper end in a collar bearing ƒ and
below in a footstep g. The wings or pallets d are of sheet iron or canvas, and aro
fastened to the shaft e by means of two bosses h and h¹. The number of wings or
pallets & may be varied as required. The collar bearing f is formed in the nave
or boss cast in one piece with the arms i, i, which form a cross; j, j, are separate
arms or bearers which are fastened at one end to the cross i and rest at the other
end on the frame b. The eight armed star thus formed serves for the reception of
conducting boards or pallets & inclined at an angle of about 45° with the horizontal.
These conducting pallets / are for the purpose of conducting the vertical or oblique
currents of air to the wings or pallets d. For the horizontal currents vertical
conducting boards or pallets b are arranged, which project above and below the
frame, shell, or case, and are so placed that they make with the sides of the
octagonal frame an angle of 671°, that is to say, according as the direction of
revolution of the motor is to the left or right of the adjacent parallel diagonal of
the octagonal prism. The breadth of the boards, pallets, or wind guards must not
be less than the half diagonal of the octagon, otherwise the currents of air opposed
to the motion of tho wing or paddle wheel would enter the frame, shell, or case.
The boards or pallets are moveable on hinges fixed to the uprights a and are
hold in the desired position by iron rods m. Each two conducting boards or
pallets form a passage which allows the wind to enter into the shell or case, and
to act on the wings in the proper direction; thus all the eight surfaces of the
prismatic or cylindrical fraine, shell, or case remain open, and more or less powerful
currents of air can enter the openings at the same time, which collectively effect
the movement of the wings or pallets. The direction of rotation of the machine
can be easily changed by placing the whole of the conducting pallets in
symmetrically opposite positions. If the whole apparatus be placed on a high
post so that wind can also enter the frame, shell, or case from below, boards or
pallets are applied to the under side similar to those on the upper side. By
conducting wind to the wings or pallets in three different directions a kind of
vortex is produced, the moving resultant of which actuates the said wings or
pallets. The wind passages by their contracted breadth affect an acceleration of
the air currents, and at the same time a cooling of the air, so that the frame,
shell, or case of the apparatus when used without its shaft and wing or pallet
wheel may serve for the preservation of meat, fish, fruit, and so forth, as the air
passages produce a continual change inside the said frame, shell, or case.
Instead of fixing the apparatus it may be placed on a circular track so as to
follow the direction of the wind in its variations and oscilations.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into effect, I would have it understood that what
I claim is,-
The horizontal wind motor or windmill, consisting essentially of a four or more
sided or round frame, shell, or case containing a wing, fly, or pallet wheel fixed on
a rotating upright shaft, the wind being conducted into such frame, shell, or case,
so as to act on the said wing, fly, or pallet wheel in the direction of its revolution,
only the opposing currents being diverted or excluded from the said frame, shell,
or case, either by means of the special closing parts i, as in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 (the
parts O only being left open for the admission of the wind), or by means of the
conducting boards or pallets k, as in Figs. 4 to 9, the whole constructed, arranged,
and operating substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Adolph Purper, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.