Improvements in Waterproof Garments to Facilitate Ventilation.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1889.
Complete Specification Left, 14th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 20th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Waterproof Garments to Facilitate Ventilation.
I BERNARD BIRNBAUM of 33 London Wall, in the City of London, Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention has reference to the better ventilation of waterproof garments and is
designed to render such garments more conducive to health and comfort when
worn.
Many and various plans have been proposed or adopted for securing free circulation
of air under the surface of waterproof garments which also are airproof, so as to
enable perspiration produced by the wearer being carried off and its accumulation and
corresponding discomfort prevented.
My invention relates to improvements on that kind of waterproof garment in which
netting or knotted cords or string have been employed so as to form a reticulate part of
the garment within the waterproof coating at the back, front, sides or other suitable
parts or beneath the arms thereof, where suitable openings through the water and air-
proof material are usually left or provided.
This netting or openwork part formed with knots or projections where the cords or
lines cross of sufficient size to preserve clear way air passage for air currents between
the ordinary clothes of the wearer and the inner side of the waterproof garment is
found extremely useful in practice and is very useful when formed of knotted cotton,
yarn or thread, but such utility I greatly increase by lining the netting on the sides
next the waterproof outer fabric with soft flannel, woollen fabric, silk material or
other readily absorbent material; or by forming the netting with stripes, bars or
other portions of such soft absorbent material or by binding the cords or some.
portions of them or interweaving or intermixing before weaving, knitting or netting
the threads with softer more absorbent material than the main portion of the netting,
whereby I provide for a more thorough absorption of the perspiration and its retention
from being deposited in condensed form on the under clothes of the wearer and enabling
the air to better circulate and carry it off through openings in the outer airproof fabric.
This soft wool, silken or other additional absorbent material may be applied to the
netting in ornamental designs so as to add to the pleasing appearance of the garment
on its inner side.
Dated the 15th day of November 1889.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Waterproof Garments to Facilitate Ventilation.
I BERNARD BIRNBAUM of 33 London Wall in the City of London, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention has reference to the better ventilation of waterproof garments and is
designed to render such garments more conducive to health and comfort when
worn.
Many and various plans have been proposed or adopted for securing free circulation
of air under the surface of waterproof garments which also are airproof, so as to enable
perspiration produced by the wearer being carried off and its accumulation and
corresponding discomfort prevented.

page_text: My invention relates to improvements on that kind of waterproof garment in which
netting or knotted cords or string have been employed so as to form a reticulate part
of the garment within the waterproof coating at the back, front, sides or other suitable
parts or beneath the arms thereof, where suitable openings through the water and
airproof material are usually left or provided.
This netting or openwork part formed with knots or projections where the cords er
lines cross of sufficient size to preserve clear way air passage for air currents between
the ordinary clothes of the wearer and the inner side of the waterproof garment is
found extremely useful in practice and is very useful when formed of knotted cotton,
yarn or thread, and I make no claim to such a fabric so applied but according to my
invention such utility I greatly increase by lining the netting on the sides next the
waterproof outer fabric with soft flannel, woollen fabric, silk material or other readily
absorbent material; or by forming the netting with stripes, bars or other portions of
such soft absorbent material or by binding the cords or some portions of them or
interweaving or intermixing before weaving, knitting or netting the threads with
softer more absorbent material than the main portion of the netting, whereby I
provide for a more thorough absorption of the perspiration and its retention from
being deposited in condensed form on the under clothes of the wearer and enabling the
air to better circulate and carry it off through openings in the outer airproof fabric.
This soft wool, silken or other additional absorbent inaterial may be applied to the
netting in ornamental designs so as to add to the pleasing appearance of the garment
on its inner side.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a portion of the back of a waterproof garment with portions of the
inner layers of material, as it would appear resting on the wearer.
Fig. 2 is a view of the same as it would appear looking from the inside outwards.
Fig. 3 shews a modification, by a view looking from the inside, outwards, the
absorbent material being interwoven with the distending knotted material to keep it
in place.
Fig. 4 is a section of the same taken transversely of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shews by a view looking from the inside, outwards a modification in which
the absorbent material is applied in strips drawn in between the threads of the
distending knotted material.
Fig. 6 is a section of the same taken transversely of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 shows a detail, and being a face view of the combined distending fabric and
absorbent strips with the edge binding material.
Fig. 8 shews by an inside view looking outwards a modification in which strips of
the absorbent material are sewn to the face of the distending knotted fabric away-from
the back of the wearer and between the distending material and the inside surface of
the waterproof garment.
Fig. 9 shews the absorbent strips and the distending material together with the
binding strip separately from the garment.
a indicates the back of the garment to be raised off the back of the wearer by the
knotted openwork fabric b, whilst c indicates in Figures 1 and 2 a sheet of soft
absorbent fabric which may be sewn, or otherwise, secured in flutings, corrugations or
ridges if desired and secured between the distending net and the garment. d is a
binding material for the ventilating device which may be of waterproof, or other
material and the whole may be secured to the garment by cemented wafers, or
pieces e..
f(Figs. 3 and 4) indicate soft, absorbent wool, silk or like threads of (preferably)
greater bulk than the distending net threads interwoven with or connected to the
distending net in the knitting, or otherwise, and lying between such net and the outer
garment to absorb the perspiration.
g (Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9) are strips of soft absorbent flannel, silk or other like
material interlaced or interposed between the bars of the distending net or sewn to the.
side thereof next the outer garment (Fig. 8).

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In waterproof garments to facilitate ventilation the intervention of soft flannel,
woollen fabric, silk material or other material readily absorbent of perspiration
between the distending net or fabric and the outer garment substantially as and for
the purpose herein before set forth.
NIT. . .
1000
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.