The Manufacture of a New Alloy.
Year: 1898

page_text: The Manufacture of a New Alloy.
I, REINHARD ISIDORE ROMAN, of 31, Lombard Street, in the City of London,
Metallurgical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows;-
-
This invention relates to the manufacture of a new alloy consisting of copper,
nickel, wolfram and aluminium. Various alloys have been made in which some
of these metals have been used; in some aluminium has formed the chief con-
stituent and the other substances have been introduced in small proportions;
whilst in other alloys the copper has been the chief constituent having a small
percentage of aluminium or other metal. According to my invention the amount
of copper preponderates in relating to the other metals but at the same time the
foreign metals introduced into the copper form a comparatively large part of the
alloy. In carrying out my invention take from about 75 to 90 parts of copper
and incorporate therewith the desired amount of nickel, wolfram and aluminium.
The amount of nickel may vary from 3 to as much as 5 per cent., the wolfram
As an example
from 1 to 10 per cent., and the aluminium from 5.5 to 10 per cent.
of my improved alloy I may combine the four metals in the proportions following:-
86 parts by weight.
3 parts by weight
1 part by weight.
10 parts by weight.
Copper
Nickel
Wolfram
Aluminium
-
The copper and the nickel are first melted together in a crucible under a cover
of powdered cryolite. When the bath is entirely liquid the wolfram metal
wrapped up in aluminium cartridges is introduced into the heat and pushed under
the surface of the molten metal. A considerable reaction takes place which raises
the heat considerably so that the metal begins to boil. As soon as this boiling is
over the metal is stirred up and skimmed and then shot into cold water. The shot
is dried and then remelted with a flux composed of one per cent. of pulverised borax
and one and a half per cent. of pulverised fluor calcium. When the bath is entirely
liquid, well stirred up and skimmed, the crucible is taken out of the fire and the
required quantity of aluminium added, then it is stirred and skimmed again and
poured out into chill ingot moulds. These ingots are re-melted and finally cast
The metal so made is yellow
in the required forms either sand or chill moulds.
or golden in colour and can easily be forged, rolled and stamped, at a bright red
heat. It has a high tensile strength. The alloy is not liable to rust or corrode
When the metal
and will be found particularly useful as an anti-friction metal.
is cast in chills, forged and drawn the tensile strength is higher and according to
the work on them reaches 108 tons per square inch, having still as elongation of
11-12% in 4 inches.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.

page_text: 1, REINHARD ISIDORE ROMAN, of 31, Lombard Street, in the City of London,
Metallurgical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to the manufacture of a new alloy consisting of copper,
nickel, wolfram and aluminium. Various alloys have been made in which some
of these metals have been used; in some aluminium has formed the chief con-
stituent and the other substances have been introduced in small proportions;
whilst in other alloys the copper has been the chief constituent, having a small
percentage of aluminium or other metal. According to my invention the amount
of copper preponderates in relation to the other metals, but at the same time the
foreign metals introduced into the copper form a comparatively large part of the
alloy. In carrying out my invention, I take from about 75 to 90 parts of copper
and incorporate therewith the desired amount of nickel, wolfram and aluminium.
The amount of nickel may vary from 3 to as much as 5 per cent., the wolfram
from 1 to 10 per cent., and the aluminium from 5.5 to 10 per cent. As an example
of my improved alloy I may combine the four metals in the proportions following:-
86 parts by weight.
3 parts by weight.
1 part by weight.
10 parts by weight.
Copper
Nickel
Wolfram
Aluminium
-
The copper and the nickel are first melted together in a crucible under a cover
of powdered cryolite. When the bath is entirely liquid the wolfram metal
wrapped in aluminium cartridges may be introduced into the heat and pushed
under the surface of the molten metal. A considerable reaction takes place which
raises the heat considerably so that the metal begins to boil. As soon as this
boiling is over the metal is stirred up and skimmed and then shot into cold water.
The shot is dried and then remelted with a ilux composed of one per cent. of pul-
verised borax and 1 per cent. of pulverised fluor calcium. When the bath is
entirely liquid, well stirred up and skimmed, the crucible is taken out of the fire
and the required quantity of aluminium added, then it is stirred and skimmed
again and poured out into chill ingot moulds. These ingots are remelted and
finally cast in the required forms, either in sand or chill moulds.
In practice 1 prefer, after first producing the alloy of copper and nickel, to
remelt this alloy and then add the aluminium, to again remelt and finally add the
wolfram metal. All the separate melts should be cast into ingots and the different
metals must be well alloyed in order to produce a good result.
The principal condition to be observed in order to ensure success is to avoid
overheating the metal. The heat must be kept throughout from beginning to end
at an even temperature.
I prefer to employ graphite crucibles lined with magnesia or alumina, but
plumbago crucibles can be used without seriously injuring the metal, provided
that the melt is not overheated.
The metal produced according to this invention is yellow or golden in color and
can be easily forged, rolled and stamped, at a bright red heat. It has a high tensile
strength. The alloy is not liable to rust or corrode and will be found particularly
useful as an antifriction metal. When the metal is cast in chills, forged and
drawn, the tensile strength is higher and according to the work on them can reach
108 tons per square inch, having still an elongation of 11-12% in four inches.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
The improved alloy of copper, nickel, wolfram and aluminium, produced by
combining the said metals substantially in the proportions and in the manner
hereinbefore described.
Toted thin 10th dow of December 1898
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.