Method of and Apparatus for Effecting the Thawing of the Refrigerating Pipes of Air Refrigerators.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 12th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Method of and Apparatus for Effecting the Thawing of the
Refrigerating Pipes of Air Refrigerators.
I, CARL LINDE of Wiesbaden in the German Empire, Professor, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The system of air-refrigeration nost frequently used consists in bringing the air to
be cooled either by means of natural or artificial circulation into contact with pipe
systems through which a refrigerated liquid is circulated, or inside which the volatile
liquid such as ammonia or carbonic acid, is evaporated. The method and the
apparatus here described refer to the latter case mentioned. It is known that the
moisture contained in the air to be cooled is deposited in the form of rime, and that
it is necessary, for the purpose of preventing too great a reduction of the heat
transmitted between the air and the refrigerating liquid to liberate the pipe-systems
either simultaneously or alternately from the rime by shutting off the supply of the
refrigerating liquid to the pipes, so that the air surrounding the exterior of the tubes
will cause the rime-deposit to melt, and thus effect the thawing of the pipes.
The present process consists in introducing the heat necessary for the thawing to
the interior of the tubes for the purpose of accellerating the thawing and of enabling
the thawing-operation to take place in an atinosphere possessing a temperature
lower than freezing-point; this is effected by introducing the compressed vapours
coming from the compressing pump of the refrigerating machine at the condensing
pressure into the pipes and causing them there to be liquefied.
The air refrigerator will thus act as a condenser for the refrigerating inachine
and the heat given out by the condensation of the volatile liquid will cause the deposit
of rime to melt.
The annexed drawing represents by way of example a diagram of one arrangement
of the apparatus for carrying out this process. P is the compressing pump of the
refrigerating inchine; C the condenser; L1, 12, 13 the air refrigerators, being
simultaneously the vaporizers of the volatile liquid. Through the delivery-conduit D
the compressed vapours pass into C; the liquid flows through the conduit vandthe
regulating valve K into the air-refrigerators L1, L2, L³, (the cocks a¹ a² a³ being
open, and the cocks c¹ c² c³ being closed) where it evaporates, and then the vapours
are drawn into the compressing-pump through the conduit S, the cocks ci c² c³
being open. Now if, for example, the coil L² is required to be thawed only the
cocks a and c² have to be closed, and 62 and d² to be opened, a manipulation that
can be effected by one movement of the hand. By this means the system L is, on
the one hand, connected with the delivery-conduit from the compression pump through
the cock d² for the entrance of the compressed vapours, and on the other hand
through cock a with the conduit F of the liquid into which latter the condensed
liquid will flow. After the pipe-system has been thawed, the cocks are set into their
former position again.
Dated this 6th day of July 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Method of and Apparatus for Effecting the Thawing of the
Refrigerating Pipes of Air Refrigerators.
1, CARL LINDE, of Wiesbaden, in the German Empire, Professor, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
Price 811

page_text: performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The system of air refrigeration most frequently used consists in bringing the air
to be cooled either by means of natural or artificial circulation into contact with
pipe systems through which a refrigerated liquid is circulated, or inside which the
volatile liquid such as ammonia or carbonic acid is evaporated. The method and the
apparatus here described refer to the latter case mentioned. It is known that
the moisture contained in the air to be cooled is deposited in the form of rime, and
that it is necessary for the purpose of preventing too great a reduction of the heat
transmited between the air and the refrigerating liquid to liberate the pipe systems
either simultaneously or alternately from the rime by shutting off the supply of the
refrigerating liquid to the pipes, so that the air surrounding the exterior of the tubes
will cause the rime deposit to melt, and thus effect the thawing of the pipes.
The present process consists in introducing the heat necessary for the thawing
to the interior of the tubes for the purpose of accellerating the thawing and of
enabling the thawing operation to take place in an atmosphere possessing a temperature
lower than freezing point; this is effected by introducing the compressed vapours
coming from the compressing pump of the refrigerating machine at the condensing
pressure into the pipes and causing them there to be liquefied.
The air refrigerator will thus act as a condenser for the refrigerating machine,
and the heat given out by the condensation of the volatile liquid will cause the deposit
of rime to melt.
The drawing accompanying my provisional specification represents by way of
example a diagram of one arrangement of the apparatus for carrying out this
process.
P is the compressing pump of the refrigerating machine, C the condenser,
LL2 L³ the air refrigerators, being simultaneously the vaporizers of the volatile
liquid.
Through the delivery conduit D the compressed vapours pass into C; the liquid
flows through the conduit v and the regulating valve K into the air refrigerators ILAL³
(the cocks a¹ a³ ³ being open, and the cocks c c c being closed) where it evaporates,
and then the vapours are drawn into the compressing pump through the conduit S,
the cocks c c c being open. Now if, for example, the coil Le is required to bo
thawed, only the cocks a² and have to be closed, and 6 and d² to be opened, a
manipulation that can be effected by one movement of the hand. By this means the
systein Lis,on the one hand, connected with the delivery conduit from the compression
pump through the cock d² for the entrance of the compressed vapours, and on the
other hand through cock a² with the conduit F of the liquid into which latter the
condensed liquid will flow. After the pipe system has been thawed, the cocks are set
into their former position again.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of effecting the thawing of the rine from the air refrigerating pipes
which at the same time serve for the vaporisation of the refrigerating liquid, by
causing them to act as condensers of the volatile liquid at the time when such thawing
is required, substantially as herein described.
2. For effecting the thawing of the rime from the air refrigerating pipes, the
combination of such pipes with the condenser, and compresser by means of connections
and cocks or valves arranged and operating substantially as herein described with
reference to the drawings.
Dated this 10tL
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.