Improvements in the Construction of Collars for Horses and other Animals.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th. Nov., 1888.
Complete Specification Left, 10th Jan., 1889-Accepted, 13th Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Collars for Horses and other
Animals.
I HENRY. EPTON KING of 8 Bishops Road Paddington in the County of Middlesex
Harness Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of collars for horses and
other draught animals and has for its object to produce a cheaper and more durable
collar than heretofore.
For this purpose I construct my improved collar as follows:-
1 form both the parts known as the "fore whale" and "after whale" of the collar
of suitable sheet metal (such as sheet iron) either formed of one entire piece or of
two or more pieces joined or secured together and such sheet metal having been
formed into the desired shape the inside thereof is lined and and paddied in any suitable
or desired manner, but advantageously with an air bag or cushion hereinafter
described or of any suitable construction, and provision is made for securing such
padding by either forming the edges of the aforesaid sheet metal shell with numerous
small holes for sewing or rivetting through or by turning over the edges thereof or in
any other desired manner.
The air bag or cushion which I have found advantageous is constructed of an
inner lining of rubber to make it air tight and an outer covering of canvas to resist
the wear with a suitable valve for blowing out same.
Dated this 13th day of November 1888.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Collars for Horses and other
Animals.
I HENRY EPTON KING of 8 Bishop's Road, Paddington in the County of Middlesex,
Harness Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The Invention consists in the improved construction of a Collar for horses and
other draught animals by which I produce a Collar which is stronger, lighter, more
easy wearing, more durable, less liable to chafe the skin and cheaper than such collars
as hitherto made.
"
In making my Improved Collar 1 form both the parts known as the "fore whale" and
the "after whale of the Collar of suitable metal, I can use sheet metal, such as sheet
iron, or the like, and either make the said parts in one entire piece or in two or more
pieces joined together by rivets, solder, or other suitable means; or I can cast the
whole metal frame of the Collar in one piece. I cast or punch, small holes all round
the inner and outer edge of the "after whale" for the purpose of securing the
cushion of the Collar as hereinafter described and as illustrated. I then construct a
suitable inner cushion, and I propose using an air bag or cushion of a suitable shape
to fit upon the neck and shoulders of the horse or other animal. This is made pre-
ferably of an inner skin or lining of rubber for the sake of lightness, and to make it
air tight; with an outer covering of canvas, preferably made waterproof, to render it
durable, and able to resist the wear and tear. I fit a suitable valve hole and pro-
tecting covering; for blowing out the same with air, all as hereinafter described
1

page_text: with reference to the Drawings. Having made the metal framework of the Collar in
either way, as above described, and having constructed an air cushion, or a cushion
of any suitable material; I place this cushion upon and against the inner side of
the metal framework, and I then cover it with leather, and fasten the whole by
stitching the leather through the holes in the edges of the same, or by rivetting it
through, or by turning over the edges of the metal frame upon the leather, or in any
other desirable manner.
And in order that my Invention may be well understood I will now describe the
accompanying Drawings which shew collars made in accordance with my Invention.
Figure 1 is a front view and Figures 2 and 3 are cross sections (drawn to a larger
scale) of a metal collar made according to my Invention. Figure 2 being on the
line 1-2 and Figure 3 on the line 3, 4; Figures 4 and 5 are views of a metal collar
the difference being in the material of the cushion. In Figures 1, 2 and 3 the said
cushion is of metal and in Figures 4 and 5 it is of India rubber, canvas and leather.
Figure 5 is a section (on a larger scale), on the line 5, 6 Figure 4. Figure 1 shews
the collar as being of the class made of two parts hinged together whilst Figure 4
shews one not hinged. In Figures 1 to 5 the corresponding parts are marked with
the same letters of reference.
A is the "fore-whale" and A2 the "after-whale" both being of metal as herein-
before described bent as shewn in the cross sections. B is the cushion which encloses
a space between itself and the metal front of the collar. In Figures 1, 2 and 3 the
cushion is made of sheet metal (iron or zinc for instance) bent as shewn in the cross
sections so as to be joined at one edge to the front metal part but free at the other
edge to allow it to yield as a cushion. In Figures 4 and 5 this cushion is made of
vulcanized rubber and canvas and leather or the like the rubber constituting an air
bag provided with a valve for filling and emptying it the said valve being capable
of being protruded through an opening in the metal which is normally (when the
valve is not protruded) covered by a flap a. The rubber air bag ³ is secured freely
in canvas or the like to resist the wear and take the strain. The said covered
cushion is then secured in place by means of a leather or other "lining" C sewn or
wired through the holes a² to the metal or by turning down the metal to clip the
leather or like covering. The canvas covered rubber air cushion is not attached to
the metal or to the lining C. The canvas cover is shaped to the necessary form for
the collar pad and the India rubber bag is inflated to fill it. The bag is then placed
in the metal front and the lining C is then drawn over and marked where it is to be
secured to the iron and then the air is discharged from the said bag and the lining C
can be then very readily fastened on and afterwards the bag B be re-inflated. Owing
to the bag B being free in the canvas container the latter takes the strain of pressure
put on the cushion and prevents rupture of the India rubber. The other parts shewn
in the Drawings are the hinge protecting plate w spring snick fastening a rein
rings y and trace eyes z.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
is :-
(1) The construction of the framework of a collar for horses or other draught
animals, of metal, such as sheet iron, with an inner padding or cushion of any suitable
material or construction substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
(2) The construction of such a Collar with a metal frame and air cushion combined
substantially as above described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, but I
do not claim the use of an air cushion for this purpose as a novelty, except in com-
bination with a metal framework.
Date : 100 1
1000