IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE WARMING APPARATUS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Hattersley, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer and Machinist, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE WARMING APPARATUS."
Sealed the 21st March 1865, and dated the 24th September 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Hattersley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with. his Petition, on the 24th
September 1864.
I, ROBERT HATTERSLEY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer and Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE WARMING APPARATUS," to be as
follows:-
My improvements relate to a cheap, portable, safe, and effective warming
apparatus, suitable for warming the feet of travellers and for other heating
or warming purposes; and my Invention consists in arranging one or more
burners or wicks supplied from a vessel containing common lamp oil or other
oil or spirit under a metal plate or other suitable surface, so that the flame of
the burners or wicks will give their heat directly to the said plate, the space
between the wicks or burners and the plate being so regulated as to allow of
perfect combustion, and thus prevent the deposit of soot upon the plate and
the generation of smoke by the flames.
The apparatus by which my Invention is carried into effect consists of a.
case or box provided with a hinged lid or cover, with partially opened sides to

page_text: admit air. In this box or case a vessel is fitted to contain the oil or spirits,
and in the vessel the burners or wicks are placed, so that when lighted the
beat of the flames will impinge upon the inside of the lid or cover of the box
Instead of a detached vessel for oil or spirits, the bottom of the box
or case may be made to hold the oil or spirits and wicks or burners. The
sides of the box or case may be covered with wire gauze or perforated metal
plate to prevent with greater certainty the flames from coming in contact with
any combustible material. upon the exterior of the casing. If the apparatus
is used as a foot warmer, the heated plate may be covered with carpet or other
material. The apparatus is supplied with suitable handles and means for
securing the cover or lid and for preventing the escape of oil, so as to render
it portable and yet readily prepared for use. For heating purposes the
metallic plate acted upon by the flames may be perforated, leaving blank those
parts immediately over the flames. If desired, a hoop may be arranged round
the casing, so as to slide up and down, which can be made to cover the air
passages when the apparatus is not in use; and, when required; a vessel may
be fitted upon the metallic plate, to contain oil, water, or other suitable liquid,
so that such liquid may be heated, these vessels being removeable, and
applicable to heating purposes.
SPECIFICATION' in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Hattersley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd March 1865...
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
HATTERSLEY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer
and Machinist, send greeting.
IL.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,. by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of September, in the year of our;
Lord One thousand eight hundred. and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year
of Her.reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Robert Hattersley, Her special license that. I, the said Robert
Hattersley, my executors, administrators, and assigns; or such others as. I,. the
said Robert Hattersley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times.thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the. Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE

page_text: MENTS IN PORTABLE WARMING APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst others).
that I, the said Robert Hattersley, by an instrument in writing under my.
hand and seal, should particularly describe and' ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
: NOW KNOW YE, that I,: the said Robert Hattersley; do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-'
My improvements relate to a cheap, portable, safe, and effective warming
apparatus suitable for warming the feet of travellers, and for other heating
purposes; and my Invention consists in arranging one or more burners or
wicks, supplied from a vessel containing common lamp oil or other oil or spirit
under a metal plate or other suitable surface, so that the flame of the burners
or wicks will give their heat directly to the said plate, the space between the
wicks or burners and the plate being so regulated as to allow. of perfect com-
bustion, and thus prevent the deposit of soot upon the plate and the generation
of smoke by the flames.
.
or case.
The apparatus by which my Invention is carried into effect consists of a
case or box provided with a hinged lid or cover, with partially open sides to
almit air. In this box or case a vessel is fitted to contain the oil or spirits,
and in the vessel the burners or wicks are placed, so that when lighted the
heat of the flames will impinge upon the inside of the lid or cover of the box
Instead of a 'detached vessel for oil or spirits, the bottom of the box
or case may be made to hold the oil or spirits and wicks or burners. The
sides of the box or case may be covered with wire gauze or perforated metal
plate to prevent with greater certainty the flames from coming in contact with
any combustible material upon the exterior of the casing. If the apparatus
is used as a foot warmer, the heated plate may be covered with carpet or other
material. The apparatus is supplied with suitable handles and means for
securing the cover or lid and for preventing the escape of oil or other com-
bustible liquid, so as to render it portable, and yet readily prepared for use.
For heating purposes the metallic plate acted upon by the flames may be
perforated, leaving blank those parts immediately over the flames. If desired,
a hoop may be arranged round the casing so as to slide up and down, which
can be made to cover the air passages when the apparatus is not in use, and
when required a vessel may be fitted upon or in place of the metallic plate,
upon which the flames act to contain oil, water, or other liquid, so that such

page_text: liquid may be heated, these vessels being removable and applicable to heating
purposes.
The accompanying Drawing illustrates several modes of carrying my
Invention into effect:. .
: %
Fig. 1 is a plan view, with the lid open, of a portable warming apparatus
suitable for warming the feet of travellers; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section:
through the line 1, 2, Fig. 1, with the lid shut; and Fig. 3 is a cross section
upon the line 3, 4, Fig. 1, also with the lid shut.
a is the box. or case, having a lid or cover (6) hinged to it, as shown. This
lid is provided with pins (b) which support it by resting upon the edges of
the case (a) when the lid is shut, and leave-space (e)-upon-each-side-of-the
case (a) for admission of air to support combustion. These openings.may be
covered with. wire gauze or perforated plate if required. The lid (b) has a
spring latch or catch (?) attached to it, by which it is held sécure when shut.
If required, the lid.may be covered. with carpet upon its outside: The case (a)
is provided with a handle (a¹), by which it can be easily carried.about. In
the interior of the case a metal vessel (d) is secured, and one part of it is
made liigher than the other, forming an air chamber, and in this high part of
air chamber a hole is formed, through which the oil, spirit, or combustible
liquid may be supplied, and this hole has a bush (e) fitted into it, having a
slide (e) arranged as shown, and it is by means of this slidė.that the hole.in
this bush (which acts as an air hole) can be covered or uncovered. In this
vessel (d) are also fitted three separate bushes (f) having. slides (f) for the
wicks or burners, which bushes and slides are similar to that (e and e¹) for the
air hole, except that the under-side of each slide (¹) is grooved for a part of
its length, to give space for the wick when the slide is forced inwards. By
pushing these slides (¹) inwards the flames are extinguished, each wick being
at the same time forced down and pressed tight, so that the oil, spirit, or
other combustible liquid cannot escape: One of the slides (¹) is shown shut
in Fig. 2, and the other two are open; same as when the wicks are burning
and in use. When the wicks are burning the air hole slide (e¹).is withdrawn,
so as to leave the hole open, and and when the apparatus is. not in use, and is
to be carried about, the slides are all forced inwards to prevent the escape of
the combustible liquid from the vessel (d). The bushes for the air hole and
the wicks are forced. firmly into the holes prepared for them in the vessel (d),
but to prevent them from shaking loose a piece (9) is shown in Fig. (1),
having elasticity, which is screwed down by a screw (g¹) entering a part
'secured to the outside of the vessel (d), so as to press against all the bushes
at. the same time with sufficient force to keep them in their places. It has

page_text: been already mentioned that the apparatus shown by Figs. 1, 2, and 3 is'
intended as a foot warmer for travellers, and as such it has been designed and
arranged, so that it will not be affected when in use either by being placed in:
an unlevel position or by changes in level produced by oscillations or motion>
in the vehicle. With this object the air chamber is formed, and the air:
valve (e) is placed so as to be above and in communication with the highest>
level of the oil in every change of level likely. to be produced by a vebicle.in
the ordinary course of travelling, and to obtain this result with an air chamber:
of small depth, the vessel (d) is made so as..not to extend. much past thei
outside wicks or burners, as shown in the Drawings... To provide still further,
against changes of level which might cause the oil to pass entirely to one side:
of the vessel, so as to leave one or more of. the. wicks or burners unsupplied,
I employ divisions (d!) in the vessel (d), which extend to, within a short.
distance of the top of the vessel, as shown (in Figs. 2 and 3,) so that each
wick or burner will retain a proper supply of oil 'under these circumstances...
Or the vessel (d) may be divided into separate and distinct compartments, one,
for each wick or burner with a separate air valve to each. It will be seen
that the wicks or burners are placed to one side of the vessel (d), so that!
when the apparatus .is .carried by the handle (a) the combustible liquid will
descend into that part of the vessel (d.) below the level of the wicks or
burners;. by this arrangement, there can be no escape of liquid as there would
be if the liquid extended above the wicks or burners and the valves and:
bushes were not. tight, this being a provision, rendering, it, unnecessary..to
depend entirely upon the tightness, of the valves and bushes.. When the
vessel (d) is replenished with oil care should be taken not to fill it above the
level of the under side of; the top of the vessel (d) at the wicks or burners,
and in-trimming the wicks to prevent the generation of smoke or deposit.of
soot the length above each orifice should be such that, the flame will, not
touch the under side of the plate (6), the length of the flame depending upon
the length of the wick above the orifice...
:
:
Fig. 4 is an edge, sectional view, and. Fig. 5 is a plan view of another.
modification of my improved portable warming or heating apparatus, but which
is not expressly intended for travellers: The vessel (d) for the combustible.
liquid is secured to, the bottom of the case (a); the lid (b) rests upon pro..
jections (6) from the corners of the case (as shown), and the air to support
combustion is admitted through the spaces (c) left between the lid (6) and
side of the case (a).
Fig. 6 is a sectional view, and Fig. 7 a plan view, with part of the top of
the cover broken away, of another modification according to my Invention.

page_text: The oil vessel (d) is secured to a bottom plate (a*), and the plate (b) upon
which the flames impinge, and the sides are formed in one-piece, and fit upon
the bottom plate (a*), being kept in position by projections (a²) from the;
corners of the bottom plate, as shown. The air for combustion is admitted at
the spaces cleft between the edge of the bottom plate and the sides of the
casing (b).
Fig. 8 is a section, and Fig. 9 a plan of a round apparatus forming another
modification according to my Invention. The oil vessel (d) is formed in the
bottom of the box (a), and the air hole (e) is placed at the centre, and air for
combustion. is supplied when the lid (b) is on through slits (61) at the upper
edge of the sides of the box (a), corresponding slits being formed in the sides
of the lid, and by turning the lid partly. round, these. slits can be brought
opposite each other, or the lid may be turned so that the slits will come
opposite. blank spaces, and thus shut off the air for combustion.. In place of
slide covers or valves (f, e¹,) for the wicks and air holes (e), screw caps (*)
or tight-fitting lids or caps (f³) may be used, as shown in Fig. 10.
Fig. 11 is a plan, and Fig. 12 an end view of a.hollow vessel (y) suitable
for containing liquid to. be heated by the apparatus. It has a screw plug (a)
to close the hole through which the liquid is introduced. When adapted to
the apparatus, shown by Figs. 4 and 5 it may be either placed upon the
lid (b) or the lid may be removed, and the corners of the vessel may be
allowed to rest upon the projection (61) for carrying the lid.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention, and the mode
of carrying the same into effect, and claim as my. Invention. heating or
warming apparatus arranged and combined so as to be portable, and having
one or more wicks or burners therein adapted to produce heat by the com-
bustion of oil, spirit, or other suitable liquid, substantially as herein-before
described, and.shown in the accompanying Drawings.
.. I also claim in portable heaters or warmers the forming of the vessels for
the combustible liquid with an air chamber and air hole above the level of
the wick's or burners, and also the use of the divisions (d') and separate
vessels for each wick or burner, substantially as herein-before- described;
also the mode of constructing the bushes or burners for the wicks and for the
air holes (e) with slide valves (e and f), as herein-before described, and shown
in the Drawings; and also the use of screw or. tight-fitting caps, substantially
as shown in Fig. 10; also the mode of securing several bushes for wicks or
burners, and a bush for an air hole, by an elastic fixing (9), as shown in
Fig. 1 of the Drawing.
'
.. And, lastly, I claim the general combination of parts of the several modifi-
.

page_text: cations forming portable warming or heating apparatus, as shown by the
Drawings, and herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Hattersley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five..
ROBERT HATTERSLEY. (L.S.)