Improvements in or relating to Dyeing.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov.. 1394
Complete Specification Left. 26th Aug.. 1895-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1895
Improvements in or relating to Dyeing.
1, JOSEPH ARNOLD, Chemist, of Schwanden, Canton of Glarus, Switzerland,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
If, in the process of printing on material prepared with ẞ-naphthol one first uses
dianisidin-copperblue by stamping or printing and then passes the material through
diazonitrobenzol, or proceeds in the reverse way, one fails to obtain clear tints, but
only useless, dull shades.
With the great importance of a genuine blue by the side of a genuine red, it
has always been an object to discover a process of producing the two pure and
perfect colours so that the blue can be dyed and the red printed.
I have been successful in attaining this end, by adding to the dye an alumina
salt, printing on material prepared with ẞ-naphthol as usual, and subsequently
passing it through the well-known diazotised dianisidin-solution mixed with
copper, as in the following example;―
Preparation for the material;-
20 grammes ẞ-naphthol
22-5 cubic centimetres of soda-lye 30° Bé.
75 grammes castor-oil soap
65 cubic centimetres acetate of soda 40 per cent. making on the whole 1 litre
Print for red with ;-
100 grammes paranitranilin
53.3 grammes nitrite of soda
1800 grammes water
155 cubic centimetres chlorhydric acid 22° Bé.
2700 cubic centimetres thickening material (starch or gum-tragacanth
with water); and lastly and chiefly
500 grammes sulphate of alumina, finely comminated in with the dye.
In order to obtain orange, for instance, in place of red, metanitranilin must be
used instead of paranitraniliu, aud to the dye must be added, as before an alumina
compound e.g. sulphate of alumina.
After printing, the material must be passed, as usual, through the diazotised
dianisidin-solution, mixed with copper salts, and then washed, and lightly soaped,
in order to get rid of the stiffening matter.
Any dyes, which contain no alumina salt, become very dull, when passed
through the dianisidin-solution; whereas those mixed with the above named salts
preserve their bright pure colour.
I do not bind myself to the above proportions.
Dated this 28th day of November 1894.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Dyeing.
I, JOSEPH ARNOLD, Chemist, of Schwanden, Canton of Glarus, Switzerland,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
If, in the process of printing on material prepared with beta naphthol one first
uses dianisidincopperblue by stamping or printing and then passes the material
through diazonitrobenzene, or proceeds in the reverse way, one fails to obtain clear
tints, but only useless, dull shades are thus obtained.
With the great importance of a genuine blue by the side of a genuine red, it
has always been an object to discover a process of producing the two pure and
perfect colours so that the blue can be dyed and the red printed.
I have been successful in attaining this end, by adding to the dye an alumina
salt printing on material prepared with beta-naphthol as usual, and subsequently
passing it through the well-known diazotised dianisidin-solution mixed with copper,
as in the following example ;-
The material is prepared with a solution obtained by mixing;-
20 grammes beta naphthol
22.5
"
75
65
"
"
soda-lye (30° Bé.)
castor-oil soap,
acctate of soda (40 per cent.)
and adding such a quantity of water that the whole volume is one litre.
The material is carefully dried and then printed with a printing paste obtained
by mixing 12 grammes parauitraniline, 10 grammes water, 6 grammes sodium
nitrite, 50 grammes water, 100 grammes ice, 18 cubic centimetres muriatic acid
of 21 degrees Baun.é; 20 cubic centimetres ice-cold water 270 grammes starch
tragacanth thickening and 60 grammes finely comminuted sulphate of alumina.
If desired cupric chloride can be added to the printing pastes, as in most cases
the addition thereof renders the patterns more beautiful and faster against the
action of light.
The resulting material is then dried and subsequently placed in a solution of
tetrazotised diansidine which may be profitably prepared by mixing
20 grammes dianisidine
31 cubic centimetres muriatic acid (22 degrees Baumé)
320 cubic centimetres water
600 grammes ice
88 cubic centimetres of a sodium nitrite solution (containing 145 grammes
NaNo, dissolved in 1000 gramines water).
55 cubic centimetres of a cupric chloride solution (40 degrees Baumné) and
200 cubic centimetres ice-cold water and subsequently adding such a quantity
of water that the whole volume is two litres.
After wringing the material is at once placed in running water and is then
soaped washed and dried.
In this manner pure red patterns on the dianisidine blue ground are obtained.
In order to obtain in place of red, for instance, orange patterns on dianisidine
blue ground, metanitranilin must be used instead of parauitranilin of the foregoing
example and to the dye must also be added, as before, an alumina compound
e.g. sulphate of alumina.
After printing, the material must be passed, as usual, through the tetrazo
solution of dianisidine, mixed with copper salts, and then soaped washed and dried
as hereinbefore described.
4
Any dyes, which contain no alumina salt, become very dull when passed
through the dianisidine-solution; whereas those mixed with alumina salts preserve 5
their bright pure colour.

page_text: According to this general rule other amido products, for instance, alpha
naphthylamine, amidoazotoluene, amidobenzene azo alpha naphthylamine,
benzidine, metanitro-benzidine, metanitrotolidine, or the like can be used in place
of para or metanitraniline, that is to say, if printing colours containing the diazo
or tetrazo derivatives of these or similar amido products, or mixtures thereof,
together with any alumina salt and, if desirable, with cupric chloride, are printed
on materials treated with betanaphthol and if the materials thus prepared are
allowed to pass through the tetrazo solution of dianisidine, to which solution
cupric chloride is added, insoluble and fast coloured patterns are likewise obtained
on dianitidine blue ground. Alphanaphthylamine yields claret patterns, amido-
azotoluene produces reddish-brown patterns, amidobenzene azo alphanaphthyl-
amine yields black patterns, whilst benzidine produces brown patterns, and dark
red patterns are obtained by means of meta nitrobenzidine and metanitrotolidine.
As a matter of course, I do not bind myself to the proportions above mentioned
and to the particulars herein before given, as these can be varied without altering
thereby the nature of the present invention, which is based on the discovery that
the addition of alumina salts to colours to be printed on materials grounded with
beta naphthol yields pure patterns on further treating these materials in tetrazo
solutions and which in particular relates to the production of insoluble patterns
on dianisidin blue ground by printing the diazo derivatives of amido products or
the tetrazo derivatives of diamido products or mixtures thereof together with
alumina salts and, if desirable, with cupric chloride on materials treated with beta
naphthol and subsequently passing the resulting materials through the tetrazo
solution of dianisidine, to which solution cupric chloride is added.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is ;-
1. In the production of coloured patterns on dianisidine blue ground the use of
alumina salts which are added to the printing pastes containing either the diazo
derivatives of aromatic amido compounds or the tetrazo derivatives of aromatic
diamido compounds or mixtures thereof.
2. The process for producing pure and insoluble patterns on dianisidine blue
ground which process consists in printing diazotised para or metanitraniline or
mixtures thereof together with alumina salts and suitable thickenings or the like
stuffs on materials treated with beta naphthol subsequently passing the resulting
materials through the tetrazo solution obtained from dianisidine and mixed with
cupric chloride and finally washing soaping and drying the material or treating
the same in auy other suitable manner.
3. For producing coloured patterns on dianisidine blue ground the use of alpha-
naphthylamine, amidoazotoluene, amidobenzene azo alphanaphthylamine, benzidine.
metanitrobenzidine, metanitrotolidine, or analogous amido or diamido compounds
capable of yielding diazo or tetrazo derivatives, in place of para or metanitraniline
in the process claimed in the preceding second claim.
4. As new manufactures fabrics printed and dyed in the manner hereinbefore
defined or by any other means affording the same result.
Schwanden, 22nd August 1895.
JOSEPH ARNOLD.