Improvements in Sand Blast Machines for Cleaning Castings and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct.,. 1898-Accepted, 23rd. Dec., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sand Blast Machines for Cleaning Castings and
the like.
We, ALBRECHT SCHOENEWEISS, of Iserlohn, and Hermann Rochling, of Kabel,
Province of Westphalia, both in the German Empire, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described; and ascertained in and, by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to a sand blast machine for the cleaning and similar treat-
ment of small castings, stamped iron and other metallic articles, needles and the
like. This machine has a rotary cleaning drum running on rollers, toward the
inner, surface of which drum are directed one or more blasts of sand or similar
material escaping from nozzles, constructed in such a manner that the distance
between the nozzle or nozzles and the inner surface of the drum remains always the
same.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon: Like letters refer to like parts in the various
figures.
Figure 1 shows a vertical section through a sand blast apparatus, the blast.
tube of which is adapted to be moved horizontally by a rack and pinion.
Figures 2 and 3 show vertical sections through modified sand blast apparatus,
the blast tubes of which are adapted to be moved horizontally by suitable levers:
and connecting rods.
Figures 4 and 5 show details of the hinge devices by which the pipe D. is
pivotally carried upon its oscillating arms.
In sand blast machines as constructed at present, which are used for similar
purposes and which have rotary cleaning drums designed to receive the articles to
be cleaned; there are no arrangements whereby the sand blast can be made to
spread evenly towards each part of the inner face of the drum. The articles are
cleaned in such machines by one or two blast nozzles introduced through the centre or
centres ofthe side or sides of the drumwhich are fixed therein and are directedobliquely
downwards. Alternatively the nozzles are introduced in a similar manner but are
adapted to swing around a fixed pivot. All such, apparatus has the disadvantage
that the articles to be cleaned are exposed irregularly to the sand blast and are not,
therefore, cleaned evenly. The main cause of this defect is that the distance
between the articles and the nozzle or nozzles varies and that the articles are
exposed to the sand blast for varying periods.
This invention is designed to remedy this defect in a simple and efficacious
manner by the introduction of a blast tube through the centre of the rotary drum
in such a manner that it is reciprocated horizontally, the blast nozzles being
arranged on the tube at right angles thereto in the interior of the drum, through
which the sand is thrown against the articles to be cleaned in a regular manner.
The tube or tubes may be reciprocated in various ways two methods being illustrated
in the drawings.
The cleaning drum T is constructed of a perforated metal shell B and end pieces
or sides A which latter rest on rollers R rotated in any suitable manner which

page_text: transmit their rotation to the sides of the drum. A blast tube D introduced
through a central aperture in the end pieces A, carries any desired number of
nozzles S, preferably perpendicular to the tube D. As shown in Figure 1 it is
provided on its periphery with a rack a which engages with a toothed segment b
oscillated by means of a crank and rods, p, o,. q. This device reciprocates the
tube D, as will be clearly understood from the drawings, when the axle is rotated.
The drum Truns preferably in a box or casing to prevent the escape of dust which
is drawn off by an exhausting device E. The operating force, conveniently steam
or air, is admitted through a pipe L through which the sand may also be fed. Or,
the sand may be fed to the nozzles through special sand pipes, the nozzles being
adapted to suck the same.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3 the tube. D may be reciprocated by the crank p
connecting-rod o and the bell crank lever n m.
By the rotation of the drum T the articles to be cleaned are somewhat raised on
the shell of the drum, so that the nozzle or nozzles s may be arranged at a con-
venient angle, say about 45° to the normal.
1
:
For treating very small articles, such as needles, which are to be cleaned after
hardening, conical pins are arranged on the inner surface of the shell, which cause.
the movements of the articles necessary for the proper effect of the blast. These
pins also prevent the formation of blocks of needles and the breakage consequent
therefrom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
calim is
1st. A sand blast machine for the cleaning and similar treatment of castings and
other articles, such as stamped iron and other metallic articles, needles and the
like, consisting of a rotary drum, a blast tube or tubes D carrying one or more
nozzles S, and adapted to be reciprocated in the drum in the direction of its axis,
in order to effect an even treatment of the articles in the drum, substantially as
described.
2nd. In such a sand blast cleaning machine as claimed in Claim 1, the arrange-
ment of conical pins on the inner surface of the drum to prevent the formation of
blocks of small articles, substantially as described.
3rd. The arrangement and construction of a sand blast cleaning machine sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in and by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 26th day of October 1898.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicants.