Improvements in Apparatus for Carbonating Liquids.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 29th Dec., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Carbonating Liquids.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C. London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention a communication to me from abroad by The Ferry
Manufacturing Company of 146, Centre Street, New York City, United States of
America, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an apparatus for carbonating liquids for use with soda
water dispensing apparatus and for bottling mineral waters and other liquids and
has for its object certain improvements which will be fully disclosed in the following
Specification and claims.
Soda water dispensing apparatus as heretofore constructed have required the use
of fountains to contain the liquids to be dispensed, and these fountains have been
placed in the cell and connected to the dispensing apparatus by pipes. The object
of this invention is to dispense with the fountains and place the carbonator within
the marble walls of the dispensing apparatus and draw water or other liquid direct
from a house service-pipe or other supply and carbonate the liquid in its passages
through the dispensing apparatus.
In the accompanying drawings which form part of this Specification,
Figure represents a top plan of a soda water dispensing apparatus with the
cover removed. Figure 2 a vertical transverse section. Figure 3 is a vertical
longitudinal section.
Figure 4 a vertical longitudinal section of the primary mixer on an enlarged
scale.
Figure 5 a vertical section partly in side elevation of the carbonating vessels on
an enlarged scale, and
Figure 6 a vertical section of a modification of the carbonating vessels.
Reference being had to the drawings and letters thereon, A indicates a soda
water dispensing apparatus of any preferred form provided with the usual cooling
pipes a, and syrup jars b, and on one side of the cooling pipes is the carbonating
apparatus which consists of a primary mixing chamber B which is preferably
in the form of an elongated cylindrical vessel having at one end a liquid supply
pipe and at the opposite end a discharge pipe d, and the supply pipe is provided
with a valve e to regulate the flow of liquid to the mixing chamber; the liquid
being supplied from a house service-pipe or any other suitable supply to which
the pipe c may be connected. In the use of tanks or reservoirs for holding the
supply liquid, a small hand or power pump may be used to force the liquid into
the mixing chamber, from which it is forced through the carbonator and the cooler
and discharged from the dispensing faucet under pressure of the carbonic-acid
gas admitted to the mixing chamber by pipe provided with a valve 9 and
with a reduced horizontal discharge nozzle having a contracted end i and the
discharge nozzle being directed towards the discharge or outlet pipe d of the
mixing chamber and extending beyond the longitudinal centre.
The gas is preferably supplied from a reservoir of liquefied carbonic-acid gas
or from a gas generator (not shown) and in its discharge in the mixing chamber
under high pressure produces a violent agitation of the liquid and causes it to
rebound from the discharge end of the chamber back toward the centre of the
chamber, which is due to the difference in the cross sectional area of the chamber B
and its discharge pipe d. It will be observed that the nozzle is beyond the

page_text: longitudinal centre of the chamber B, which causes the gas to drive the water at
the discharge end of the chamber against the end wall with great force.
C indicates the carbonator which is supplemental to the mixing chamber B,
and is connected thereto br a pipe and consists of a plurality of cylindrical
vessels having their ends m soldered thereon and rest on a base n supported
on the bottom of the dispensing apparatus as shown in Figures 2 and 3 of the
drawings, and at their top or upper ends the vessels are secured together by &
plate o having cylindrical pockets p on its under side which extend down over the
vessels. The base n is provided with like cylindrical pockets q in which the
vessels set.
The cooling coil is of ordinary construction, as are the syrup jars and the
dispensing faucet D.
The vessels are provided with a central supply pipe r upon which are conical
or funnel-shaped vessels s, t, in alternation, the former are provided with fine
perforations above the centre and around the vessel and directly below the
perforations is a skirt v upon which the liquid passing through the perforations in
fine streams forms into a thin sheet or film and falls into the next vessel below in
said sheet and while falling the gas rising from the liquid in the vessel t permeates
the liquid and is absorbed thereby, and the overflowing liquid in the vessel t flows
in thin sheets down the outside surface of the vessel into the vessels & and is
permeated by the gas rising therefrom. The skirts in their position on the
vessels are of less diameter than the vessels t and cause the liquid passing
through their perforations and down over the skirt to fall within the perimeter
of the vessels t. Each vessel is provided at its bottom with a drip hole w to
allow the liquid to flow out of the vessels slowly and thus cause a change of
the liquid in the vessels and to discharge the liquid from the vessels when the
carbonator is not in operation.
The gas charged liquid in one of the vessels is discharged into another
vessel through a pipe y and is conducted through the vessels s, t, of each successive
vessel until it reaches the last of the series, from which it is conducted through
pipe z to the cooler a, from thence the liquid is conducted through pipe a¹ to the
dispensing faucet D.
For carbonating mineral water for bottling, the form of carbonator shown in
Figure 6 is preferred. In this construction the liquid is supplied through
pipe and the gas through pipe c' which surrounds pipe 6¹ and forms an annular
gas chamber d₁ closed at the top, and from the pipe c¹ a pipe el extends down
into each vessel t near the bottom thereof and supplies gas to the liquid in said
vessels, from which liquid the gas rises and permeates the liquid falling down
in a sheet from vessels s, into t, as in the construction shown in Figure 5.
The liquid supplied to either of the vessels impinges against a spreader fl
in the upper end of the vessels and falls in a sheet into the upper vessel s.
The number of vessels to form the carbonator may be varied to suit the
requirements of the liquid being carbonated.
It will be observed that the carbonating apparatus is connected to the cooling
coil and that the gas and the water are subject to the low temperature of the
cooling medium from the time the gas and water enter the primary carbonator,
thereby effecting saving of gas and thoroughly carbonating and cooling the liquid
while in transit through the enclosing casing of the dispensing apparatus.
The ice used for cooling the liquid passing through the coil a rests upon the
coil and fills the space between the front of the casing of the dispensing apparatus
and the carbonator C and covers the primary mixing chamber B, so that the
carbonating of the liquid is effected under a uniformly low temperature.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;-
1. The combination of a dispensing apparatus, a carbonator consisting of one or

page_text: more connected vessels provided with means for separating the liquid into sheets or
films and a cooler connected to the carbonator and supported within said apparatus
and exposed to the cooling medium.
2. The combination of a dispensing apparatus, a carbonator consisting of a
primary horizontal mixing chamber and a plurality of supplemental vertical
carbonating vessels and a cooler connected to the carbonators and contained within
said apparatus.
3. A carbonating vessel provided with a plurality of conical vessels, each
alternate vessel having circumferential perforations and a vertical skirt below said
perforations near the vertical median line of the vessels.
4. A carbonating vessel provided with a plurality of conical vessels part of
which vessels are provided with circumferential perforations, a vertical skirt below
said perforations near the vertical median line of the vessels and leak holes in the
bottom of the vessels.
5. A carbonating vessel provided with a central liquid supply pipe, a concentric
gas supply pipe, a series of conical vessels and branch gas pipes extending into
said vessels.
.
.
1004
H. J. HADDAN.