Improvements in Maximum Traction Car Trucks.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Loft 5th June 1899 Accented 6th Oct: 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
1. Improvements in Maximum Traction Car Trucks.
I, EDGAR PECKHAM, of No. 26, Cortlandt Street, Borough of Manhattan, City
and County of New York, State of New York, United States of America, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for improvements in
maximum traction trucks, to be as follows:
This invention relates to swivel car trucks of the maximum traction type,
used in pairs under a car body and adapted to be propelled by electric motore.
The object of the invention is to devise a swivel truck to meet the requirements
for a double truck capable of handling cars on heavy grades when each truck
is equipped with one electric motor only. A further object is to reduce the
height of the car body from the track, as low as the motors will allow, without
increasing the width of the car body. A further object is to relieve the truck
wheels and car body from side thrusts when rounding curves, and to obviate
the necessity of adding weight to the pilot wheels to prevent them from jumping
the track. Further objects are to devise an improved brake mechanism to pre-
vent the sliding of the truck wheels, and to provide an electric plough support
operating between the axles of a swivel truck.
Trucks of this type have been heretofore constructed with side bearings but
have been found objectionable because of the tendency of the small wheels to
jump the track, and the excessive cost of maintenance. My present improve-
ments overcome these objections and embody among other features a centre
bearing swing bolster and a slide attached to the car body and the truck and
arranged to guide the swing of the truck under the car body and to bring the
pivotal bearing of the truck in close proximity to the axle of the driving wheels.
To reduce the height of the car body and bring it as near the track as is desir-
able when the car is mounted on double trucks, it is essential to provide a con-
struction which will permit the truck wheels to swing between the car sills;
but this is not possible of accomplishment with a car body of the ordinary width
mounted on trucks having all the wheels of the same diameter. I therefore
make use of wheels of two sizes, the driving wheels being of sufficient diameter
(30 or 33 inches as desired) to give the necessary clearance between the track
and the motor, and the small or idle wheels of sufficient diameter (18 or 20 inches
as desired) to enable them to swivel beneath the car sills.
Two important objects are attained by the employment in this truck of a
centre bearing swing bolster. By its use the truck wheels and car body are
relieved from side thrusts when rounding curves and the necessity of adding
weight to the small wheels to prevent them from jumping the track is obviated,
the usual practice of adding weight to the small wheels being a disadvantage
since it reduces the traction on the driving wheels. The centre bearing swing
bolster is arranged as near the driving wheels as practicable and is supported,
upon suitable springs, between transverse transom bars secured in pockets in
the side frames of the truck. These transom bars act as a guide for the bolster

page_text: preventing it from moving longitudinally with the car. The springs which sup-
port the bolster are in turn supported on a spring plank which is suspended by
links from the transom bars and in such a manner as to permit that side of the
car body toward which the bolster moves to rise when the car enters a curve.
The springs which support the bolster near its ends impart a slight rocking
motion to the bolster thus adding greatly to the easy riding of the car as it
permits the wheels on one side of the truck to rise independently of the car body.
The pivotal bearing of the truck is such as to give a short swing to the driv-
ing wheels, thus permitting them to swing between the sills of narrow cars.
This bearing is so located as to bring the centre upon which the car swings
near the centre of the driving axle. I accomplish this, while at the same time
providing a fixed centre, by a suitable slide attached to the truck, and preferably
to the bolster located as explained, and having a swing arm extending toward
and near, or even over, the driving axle, said slide co-operating with a companion
slide secured to the body bolster. The two slides may be connected together
by a king pin which serves to fix the centre of the swing. The point of the
swing may be adjusted and altered as desired to make the swing more or less.
These slides secured as described to the Eody and truck bolsters preferably fit
one within the other so that without the addition of a king pin the truck would
swing to the correct centre.
The electric motor is arranged outside of the driving axle and the weight of
the car body is upon the swing bolster near the driving wheels. By this arrange-
ment there is obtained a larger percentage of traction on the driving wheels
than can be obtained by any other arrangement, without danger of derailment.
The application of the weight of the car body and load is such that the usual
spring pressure is not required over the small wheels to keep them on the track,
thereby increasing the traction on the driving wheels.
The brake mechanism is specially adapted for a maximum traction truck.
The brake beams are carried in gravity slides instead of by links or other
movable elements, thereby materially reducing the wearing parts of the brake
rigging. The operation of the brake connections is such that the pressure of the
shoes can be applied to the large or driving wheels and to the small or pilot wheels
in proportion to the weight they carry, thus preventing the wheels from sliding
and flattening.
This swivel truck will be employed more especially for underground electric
railways and I have therefore combined with the truck structure a novel means
whereby the current collecting device or plough may be supported between the
axles.
Improvements in Maximum Traction Car Trucks.
I, EDGAR PECKILAM, Manufacturer, of No. 26, Cortlandt Street Borough of
Manhattan, City of New York, County and State of New York, United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to swivel car trucks of the maximum traction type,
used in pairs under a car body and adapted to be propelled by electric motors.

page_text: The object of my invention is to devise a swivel truck to meet the requirements
for a double truck capable of handling cars on heavy grades when each truck
is equipped with one electric motor only. A further object is to reduce the
height of the car body from the track, as low as the motors will allow, without
increasing the width of the car body. A further object is to relieve the truck
wheels and car body from side thrusts when rounding curves, and to obviate
the necessity of adding weight to the pilot wheels to prevent them from jumping
the track. Further objects are to devise an improved brake mechanism to pre-
vent the sliding of the truck wheels, and to provide an electric plough support
operating between the axles of a swivel truck.
Trucks of this type have been heretofore constructed with side bearings but
have been found objectionable because of the tendency of the small wheels to
jump the track, and the excessive cost of maintenance. My present improve-
ments overcome these objections and embody among other features a center
bearing swing bolster, and a slide attached to the car body and the truck and
arranged to guide the swing of the truck under the car body and to bring the
pivotal center of the truck in close proximity to the axle of the driving wheels.
To reduce the height of the car body and bring it as near the track as is desir-
able when the car is mounted on double trucks, it is essential to provide a con-
struction which will permit the truck wheels to swing between the car sills;
but this is not possible of accomplishment with a car body of the ordinary width
mounted on trucks having all the wheels of the same diameter. I therefore
make use of wheels of two sizes, the driving wheels being of sufficient diameter
(30 or 33 inches as desired) to give the necessary clearance between the track
and the motor, and the small or idle wheels of sufficient diameter (18 or 20 inches
as desired) to enable them to swivel under the car sills.
Two important objects are attained by the employment in this truck of a
center bearing swing bolster. By its use the truck wheels and car body are
relieved from side thrusts when rounding curves and the necessity of adding
weight to the small wheels to prevent them from jumping the track is obviated,
the usual practice of adding weight to the small wheels being a disadvantage
since it reduces the traction on the driving wheels. The center bearing swing
bolster is arranged as near the driving wheels as practicable and is supported,
upon suitable springs, between transverse transom bars secured in pockets in
the side frames of the truck. These transom bars act as a guide for the bolster
preventing it from moving longitudinally of the car. The springs which sup-
port the holster are in turn supported on a spring plank which is suspended by
links from the transom bars and in such a manner as to permit that side of the
car body toward which the bolster moves to rise when the car enters a curve.
The springs which support the bolster near its ends permit a slight rocking
motion of the bolster thus adding greatly to the easy riding of the car as it
permits the wheels on one side of the truck to rise independently of the car body.
The pivotal bearing of the truck is such as to give a short swing to the driv-
ing wheels, thus permitting them to swing between the sills of narrow cars.
This bearing is so located as to bring the center upon which the car swings
near the centre of the driving axle. I accomplish this, while at the same time
providing a fixed center, by a suitable slide attached to the truck, and preferably
to the bolster located as explained, and having a swing arm extending toward
and near, or even over, the driving axle, said slide co-operating with a companion
slide secured to the body bolster. The two slides may be connected together
by a king pin which serves to fix the centre of the swing. The point of the
swing may be adjusted and altered as desired to make the swing more or less.
These slides secured as described to the body and truck bolsters preferably fit
one within the other so that without the addition of a king pin the truck would
swing to the correct center.
The electric motor is arranged outside of the driving axle and the weight of
the car body is upon the swing bolster near the driving wheels. By this arrange-

page_text: ment there is obtained a larger percentage of traction on the driving wheels
than can be obtained by any other arrangement, without danger of derailment.
The application of the weight of the car body and load is such that the usual
spring pressure is not required over the small wheels to keep them on the track,
thereby increasing the traction on the driving wheels.
The brake mechanism herein shown and described is specially adapted for a
maximum traction truck. The brake beams are carried in gravity slides. instead
of by links or other movable elements, thereby materially reducing the wearing
parts of the brake rigging. The operation of the brake connections is such that
the pressures of the shoes can be applied to the large or driving wheels and to
the small or pilot wheels in proportion to the weight they carry, thus preventing
the wheels from sliding and flattening.
When this truck is used for conduit railways I combine with the truck struc-
ture a novel means whereby the current collecting device or plough may be sup-
ported between the axles.
In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, Figure 1
is a plan view of a maximum traction truck embodying my improvements.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3
of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a cross section on the line 4-4 of Figure 1, and
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section on the line 5-5 of Figure 1, somewhat
enlarged. In the several views corresponding parts are represented by the same
numerals of reference.
Referring to the drawings, 6 6 indicate the side frames each consisting of a
casting comprising the pedestal 6 for the journal box of the driving axle and
the pedestal Gb for the journal box of the pilot axle. These side frames are
made of solid steel castings and are supported upon springs bearing upon the
journal boxes in the pedestals. These springs are sufficiently strong to carry
the weight of the truck and also the car body. In the pedestal 6 its pocket
over the journal box is provided with a spiral spring, 7, while in the pedestal Gb
spiral springs 7 are arranged by the sides and not over the journal box, and this
arrangement is preferable. It is to be understood that the side frames 6 are so
constructed and proportioned that they will be sufficiently low to swing under
the run boards of open cars when the trucks are turning a curve. The side
frames are joined together and braced transversely at the pilot wheel end of
the truck by the beam 8 whose ends are turned parallel with the side frames
and bolted thereto as at 8". At the driving wheel end of the truck the side
frames are connected together and braced by the flat bar 9 set on edge at its
central portion and at its ends twisted one-quarter around to bring the width
of the bar at its ends parallel with the top edges of the side frames which are
provided with horizontal slots into which the flat ends 9 of the bar 9 are seated
and secured. This mode of connecting the side frames at the, motor end of the
truck is novel and it furnishes a rigid and strong support for the appliances
which hold up the outside or nose of the motor.
To provide a support of the proper elevation on the side frames 6 for the
transom bars 11 which are arranged transversely of the truck near the driving
wheels and which support the swing bolster and also the inner ends of the longi-
tudinal bars of the electric plough support, there are employed castings 10 which
straddle the side frames and are secured thereto by the bolts 10 passing through
said castings beneath the lower edge of the side frames. This construction does
not weaken the side frames as no bolt holes are made in the latter when securing
castings 10 in position. The top edges of the castings 10 are provided with
pockets 10b which receive the ends of the transom bars. Il and which are secured
in said pockets by bolts as shown... It will be obvious that the transom bars 11
in addition to their particular functions above indicated serve to brace the truck
frame transversely between its ends.
r
The axles of the truck are indicated by 12, 12ª the former carrying the driving
wheels 13 which should be sufficiently large (30 or 33 inches in diameter as

page_text: desired) to give the necessary clearance between the track and the motor, and
the latter carrying the small or pilot wheels 14 whose diameter should be suffi-
ciently small, say 18 or 20 inches, to permit them to swivel beneath the sills
of the car. The journal boxes in the pedestals are indicated by 15, 15.
the bottoms of the pedestals there are detachable pieces 16 to permit the truck
frame to be lifted from the running gear when desired.
At
This truck is designed for carrying a single electric motor and this is arranged
outside of the driving wheels 13, being supported on the axle 12 with its outside
or nose elastically suspended on the end beam 9. The weight of the motor 17
increases the traction on the large or driving wheels as is obvious. The means
for supporting the nose of the motor consists of the bar 18 set on edge and pro-
vided with the required opening or openings to receive the projection or pro-
jections on the motor, the ends of said bar being twisted so as to bring the width
of the bar at its ends at right angles to its main portion. This motor supporting
bar 18 is mounted on the brackets 18 which are bolted to the end bar 9 and
which are equipped with spiral springs through which pass bolts 18b.
The
perforated ends of the motor supporting bar are slipped over the bolts 18 and
the several parts held together by nuts at top and bottom all as shown in Figure 3,
for example. The requisite elastic support for the motor 17 is thus provided.
To obtain a sufficiently short swing to the driving wheels when rounding a
curve, in order to permit such wheels to operate between the sills of a car of
the usual width brought as near the track as the motor will allow, it is essential
that the pivotal bearing of the truck should be near the center of the driving
axle. In carrying this feature of my invention into practice, while at the same
time providing a fixed center upon which the car swings, I make use of a two
part segmental slide one part attached to the truck and the other to the car body
and so arranged and adjusted as to guide the swing of the truck under the car
body. In this embodiment of my invention one part of the segmental slide is
secured to the center bearing swing bolster.
of the car.
The bolster is indicated at 19 and is arranged to operate between the transom
bars 11 which serve as a guide for it, preventing it from moving longitudinally
The bolster 19 is located as near the driving wheels of the truck as
possible so as to place a greater proportion of the load on the driving wheels
than on the pilot wheels. The bolster is supported centrally on the half elliptic
spring 20 which is connected thereto by the strap 21, the ends of said half elliptic
spring fitting in sockets 22 on the spring plank 23 which is suspended from the
transoms 11 by a series of links 24. These links 24-four being preferably
made use of, as shown-are normally slightly inclined outwardly from the point
of suspension on the transoms so as to raise that side of the car body toward
which the bolster moves when the truck runs into a curve. At each side of the
half elliptic spring 20 the spring plank is provided with pockets which receive
spiral springs 25 extending between the spring plank and the bolster 19 and
having their upper ends confined in pockets on the under side of the bolster.
The location of the spiral springs 25 with relation to the bolster which they assist
in elastically supporting is such that there is permitted to the bolster a slight
rocking motion which, as it permits the wheels on one side of the truck to rise
independently of the car body, adds greatly to the easy riding of the car.
the pockets on the spring plank which receive the spiral springs 25 I may place
shims 26 when desiring to increase the tension of the springs 25. The employ-
ment of the described bolster serves to relieve the truck wheels and car body
from side thrusts when rounding curves. It also avoids the necessity for adding
weight to the small wheels (whch reduces the traction on the large or driving
wheels) to prevent said wheels from jumping the track.
.
In
The slide before referred to will be constructed preferably as shown in the
drawings. It is shown as composed of male and female parts attached respec-
tively to the truck and car body bolsters and provided with swing arms extend-
ing toward the axle of the driving wheels.

page_text: The lower slide plate is indicated at 27, and its arm at 29, and the upper slide
plate at 28 and its arm at 29", the said arms extending near to the center of the
driving axle 12. The slide plates are made with male and female connections
as shown (Figure 3) and as they wholly cover each other except when the truck
is rounding a curve, their working surfaces are protected from dust and grit.
The under plate 27 may be provided with an oil well for lubricating the parts.
The upper slide plate 28 is attached to the car body or to its bolster by the bolts
shown while the lower plate 27 is attached to the truck near the driving axle 12,
and in the present instance to the swing bolster to which it is hinged, as shown
at 31, one portion of the hinged connection being secured to the bolster 19 and
the other portion to the slide plate 27 as seen in the drawings. While this hinged
connection between the slide and the bolster, or truck, is not absolutely essential,
it is desirable since it makes the connection less rigid. The arms 29, 29 are
perforated at 30 to receive the king pin 30 by which a suitable connection
between the parts is provided and the center of swing is fixed. The arms of
the slide are shown extending near to the center of the driving axle, but they
may extend sufficiently to bring the center upon which the car swings immedi
ately over the driving axle. The fixed pivotal bearing of the truck being thus
brought in close proximity to the center of the driving axle, the swing of the
driving wheels 13 is comparatively short, sufficiently so to enable them to
swing between the sills of cars of the usual width. The car bodies may thus be
brought as near the track as the motors will allow.
The slide 27 may carry the weight of the car body or not, according to the
manner in which it is connected to the truck. The swing arms may also be
made separate from the slide and secured thereto in any suitable way; and a
plain side, as distinguished from one that is grooved, may be employed with a
projecting arm to receive the king pin, though a grooved slide is the preferable
form. Furthermore, when a two-part slide is made use of with male and female
connections, the truck would swing to the correct center without the use of a
king pin. While in this embodiment of my invention the slide 27 is combined
with a swing bolster, which construction is the desirable one, it may be com-
bined with a center bearing bolster that is not a swing bolster, or with a side
bearing bolster, as well. In any case the slide would be located near the driv
ing axle and arranged to bring the center upon which the car swings near the
center of said axle.
The appliances for supporting the electric plough are so combined with this
swivel truck that they carry the plough between the axles of the truck and not
at its end. The support comprises the parallel bars 32 secured at their outer
ends to end beam 8 by suitable brackets 32 bolted to said beam (Figure 1),
and at their inner ends to the depending stirrups 34 riveted to the transom
bars 11 (Figure 3). To the bars 32 are bolted in suitable brackets 33 the
parallel rods 33 which carry the electric plough support 36 between the axles of
the truck. The rods 33 are arranged the proper distance apart. To the sliding
coupling 35 on one of the rods 33 is pivoted the inner end of the support 36,
such end being adapted to swivel on its coupling, the latter being capable of
sliding on the rod 33. The forked opposite end of the plough support 36 is
provided with elongated slots 36 which receive the studs 35b at the top and
bottom of the sliding coupling 35. By this construction the plough support 36
is adapted to accommodate itself to the movements of the truck and to the
various relations assumed by the truck with reference to the slot in the track
in which the current collector operates.
The brake mechanism illustrated is particularly adapted for the truck herein
shown and described, in which are employed driving wheels of one size and pilot
or idle wheels of a smaller size. The brake rigging is of the usual upright lever
type, my improvements residing, however, in the means whereby pressure is
applied to the brake shoes in proportion to the weight carried by their respec-

page_text: tive pairs of wheels. The enlarged sectional view, Figure 5, shows the brake
mechanism and its application to the truck.
The brake beam is indicated at 37. It is suspended beneath the end beam 9
at the motor end of the truck, its ends being suitably curved to bring them in
proper relation to the side frames to which are bolted the gravity-slide sup-
ports 39 within the inclined grooves of which the brake beam operates. To
near the ends of the brake beam are bolted the brake shoes 38 and also the
brackets 37 through which the brake rod 40 passes and by means of which rod
the brake shoes 38 are applied to the driving wheels. By means of the nuts
on rod 40 on each side of the bracket 37" the proper relation of the brake shoes 38
to the wheels 13 is determined. By carrying the brake beam in gravity slides
instead of supporting it by links the wearing parts of the rigging are reduced
to few in number and no releasing springs are required. The rattling and
kicking incident to link-hung brakes are also avoided.
The inner end of rod 40 is connected to the yoke 41 (the construction being
the same on both sides of the truck), which is connected to the upright lever 47
by the pin 47b, the said lever being supported by the bracket 39b bolted to the
side frame of the truck and depending downward. The upright lever 47 is
fulerumed in the lower portion of bracket 39b beneath the yoke 41 and passes
through said yoke and is pivotally connected thereto. It will be seen that the
upper ends of the levers 47 are normally near the longitudinal center of the
truck and near the bolster. The floater 48 attached to the upper ends of said
levers is therefore near such center and near the bolster. By this arrangement
the attachment of rod 49, (which extends to the sway-bar at the center of the
car) to the floater is so near the center on which the truck swings that no pro-
vision is necessary for compensating for such swing. The rod 49 can accordingly
be connected directly to the center of the floater 48, as shown in the drawing
(Figure 1). Depending from the yoke 41 between its point of attachment to
the rod 40 and its pivotal connection to the lever 47, is the bracket 41". This
bracket is an integral part of the yoke and it is perforated at its end to permit
the passage therethrough of the screw-threaded rod 42 to one end of which is
secured the pilot wheel brake shoe 44. The brake shoe 44 is suspended in proper
relation to the wheel 14 by the link 45 hinged to the bracket 46 which is bolted
to the side frame of the truck. On the screw-threaded rod 42 between bracket 41"
and the shoe 44 is arranged the spring 43 between the washers 433 and 43b.
The tension of spring 43 is regulated by means of the nut 43 working against
the washer 43°. On the end of the rod 42, in front of bracket 41ª, are nuts 42,
(one of which is a jam nut) by means of which the relation of the brake shoe 44
to the wheel 14 is adjusted to determine the initial pressure of the brake on the
pilot wheels. It will be noticed that the brake shoes for the larger wheels are
on the outside or at the motor end of the truck, and that the brake shoes for the
pilot wheels are on the inside. A pull upon the rod 49 will advance lever 47,
fulcrumed below its pivotal connection with the yoke 41, and thus, moving the
yoke toward the pilot wheels, the brake shoes 38 will be applied to the larger
wheels 13 with normal pressure. The bracket 41ª depending from the yoke 41
moving with the yoke against the washer 43b will compress the spring 43 simul-
taneously with the application of the brake shoes to the driving wheels and
hence apply the brake shoes 44 to the pilot wheels with an initial pressure regu-
lated by the tension of the spring 43 and less than the pressure with which the
brake shoes are applied to the driving wheels, the pressure of the brake shoes
on the pilot wheels being increased with the compression of the spring 43. By
this means the wheels carrying the lighter load are prevented from sliding and
consequently flattening.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
1. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames connected together

page_text: by transverse end beams, of separate castings straddling the side frames and
provided with pockets at the top and secured in position by bolts passing through
the castings beneath the lower edges of the side frames, and transverse transom
bars secured in the pockets of said castings.
2. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames provided in their
top edges at the motor end of the truck with horizontal slots, of a flat bar set
on edge and twisted quarter round to bring the width of the same at its ends
parallel with said slots in which slots the ends of the bar are seated and secured.
3. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames each comprising two
pedestals and provided with horizontal slots in their top edges at the motor
end of the truck, of a flat bar set on edge and twisted quarter round to bring
the width of the same at its ends parallel with said slots in which slots the ends
of the bar are secured, the said frames connected together at the opposite end
of the truck by a beam whose ends are turned parallel with the sides of the
frames and bolted thereto.
4. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames comprising pedestals,
the axles, axle-boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving
wheels, of a transverse bolster located nearer to the driving wheels than to the
other wheels and adapted to carry the weight of the car body, and a slide attached
to the truck between the side frames and between the sets of wheels, and a part
attached to the car body near the driving axle and adapted to bring the center
upon which the car swings nearer to the center of the driving axle, than is said
bolster.
5. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames comprising pedestals,
the axles, axle-boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving
wheels, of a transverse bolster located nearer to the driving wheels than to the
other wheels adapted to carry the weight of the car body at its center, a slide
attached to the truck and car body near the driving axle and provided with
arms extending toward and nearer the driving axle than is said bolster, and a
king pin connecting the ends of said arms together, whereby the center upon
which the car swings is brought near the center of the driving axle, the slides
being wholly between the axles.
6. The combination, in a truck, of a bolster, a slide having a bearing surface
and a part extending therefrom to near the middle of one of the truck axles,
said slide being connected to the truck by a hinge connecting it to said bolster,
and a co-operating slide adapted to be connected to a car body.
7. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames comprising pedestals,
the axles, axle-boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels,
of a transverse bolster located nearer the driving wheels than to the other wheels
and adapted to carry the weight of the car body at its center, a two-part slide
one part of which is attached to the truck and the other part of which is attached
to the car body near the driving axle, and the parts being provided with arms
nearest the driving axle extending toward the axle and nearer to the axle than
said bolster, and a king pin connecting the ends of said arms together, whereby
the centre upon which the car swings is brought near the center of the driving
axle, one member of said slide provided with a groove and the other member
with a projection operating in said groove.
8. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames comprising pedestals,
the axles, axle-boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving
wheels, and an electric motor supported on the truck frame outside the driving
wheels, of a transverse bolster located between the axles and near the driving
axle and adapted to carry the weight of the car body at its center, and a two-
part segmental slide attached to the truck and car body the center of the seg-
ments being nearer the center of the driving axle than the bolster and adapted
to bring the center upon which the car swing's near the center of the driving axle.
9. In a car truck, the combination of a center bearing bolster, a male and
female two part slide one part adapted to be connected to a car body, the said

page_text: parts of the slide forming segments of a circle whose center is at one side of
the bolster and nearer the center of the driving axle than the bolster bearing.
10. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, the axles, axle-
boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels, and an
electric motor supported on the truck frame outside the driving wheels, of a
transverse bolster located near the driving wheels and adapted to carry the
weight of the car body, and a slide attached to the truck and car body near
the driving axle and provided with swing arms extending toward and nearer
the driving axle than the bolster, and a king pin connecting the said arms at
their outer ends to fix the center upon which the car swings near the center of
the driving axle.
11. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, the axles, axle-
boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels, of a trans-
verse bolster located near the driving wheels and adapted to support the car body,
and a two part slide one part being attached to the car body and the other part
being attached to the bolster by a hinged connection, near the driving axle,
and provided with swing arms extending toward and nearer the driving axle
than said bolster and a king pin connecting the said arms at their outer ends
to fix the center upon which the car swings near the center of the driving axle.
12. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, the axle, axle-boxes
and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels, of a transverse
swing bolster suspended from the side frames near the driving axle and adapted
to support the weight of the car body at its center, and a slide attached to said
bolster and car body near the driving axle and provided with arms extending
toward and near the driving axle and a king pin connecting the said arms at
their outer ends to fix the center upon which the car swings near the center of
the driving axle.
13. In. a car truck, the combination with the side frames, the axles, the axle-.
boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels, of a trans-
verse swing bolster suspended from the side frames near the driving wheels and
a segmental slide attached to said bolster and to the car body near the driving
axle, one part of said slide being grooved and the other part provided with a
projection fitting said groove.
14. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, the axles, axle-
boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels, of a swing
bolster suspended from the side frames near the driving axle and adapted to
support the weight of the car body, and a segmental slide attached to said
swing bolster and to the car body and provided with arms extending toward
and near the driving axle and a king pin connecting said arms at their outer
ends, one part of said slide provided with a groove and the other part with a
projection fitting said groove.
15. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, the axles, axle-
boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels, of a trans-
verse swing bolster supported by the truck frame near the driving axle, and an
electric motor supported on the truck frame outside the driving axle, of a slide
connected to said bolster and to the car body and provided with arms extending
toward and near the driving axle and a king pin connecting s arms together
at their outer ends.
16. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, the axles, axle-,
boxes and wheels, one set of such wheels being the driving wheels, of a trans-
verse swing bolster suspended from the truck frame near the driving axle and
supporting the weight of the car body, an electric motor supported by the truck
outside the driving axle, and a slide attached to the swing bolster and car body
and provided with arms extending toward and near the driving axle, and a king
pin connecting said arms together at their outer ends, one part of said slide
provided with a groove and the other part with a projection operating in said
groove.

page_text: 17. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, a pair of driving
wheels and their axle and a pair of pilot wheels and their axle, the pilot wheels
being of less diameter than the driving wheels, of a transverse bolster sus-
pended from the truck frame near the driving axle, an electric motor sleeved to
the axle of the driving wheels and its opposite side supported on the end beam
of the truck frame outside the driving wheels, and a slide attached to the bolster
and car body and provided with arms extending toward the driving axle and a
king pin connecting said arms together.
18. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, a pair of driving
wheels and their axle and a pair of pilot wheels and their axle, the pilot wheels
being of less diameter than the driving wheels, of a transverse bolster suspended
from the. truck frame near the driving axle, an electric motor sleeved to the
axle of the driving wheels with its opposite side supported on the end beam of
the truck frame outside the driving wheels, and a slide attached to the bolster
and car body and provided with arms extending toward and near the driving
axle, one part of said slide provided with a groove and the other part with a
projection operating in said groove.
19. In a car truck, the combination with side frames, a pair of driving
wheels and their axle, and a pair of pilot wheels and their axle, the pilot
wheels being of less diameter than the driving wheels, a pair of transom bars
supported on the side frames near the driving axle, a spring plank suspended
from said transom by pairs of links and equipped with a system of springs, and
a bolster supported on said springs between the transoms, of a slide attached to
said bolster and adapted to be connected to the car body and provided with
arms connected together by a king pin, whereby the center upon which the car
swings is brought near the center of the driving axle and the necessary traction
on the driving wheels is obtained.
20. In a car truck, the combination with side frames, a pair of driving wheels
and their axle, and a pair of pilot wheels and their axle, the pilot wheels being
of less diameter than the driving wheels, a pair of transom bars supported on
the side frames near the driving axle, a spring plank suspended from said tran-
soms of pairs of links and equipped with a system of springs, and a bolster
supported on said springs between the transoms, of a slide attached to said bolster
and adapted to be connected to the car body and provided with arms connected
together by a king pin, whereby the center upon which the car swings is brought
near the center of the driving axle, one part of said slide provided with a groove
and the other part with a projection operating in said groove.
21. In a car truck, the combination with the side frames, a pair of driving
wheels and their axle, and a pair of pilot wheels and their axle, the pilot wheels
being of less diameter than the driving wheels, a pair of transom bars sup-
ported on the side frames near the driving axle, a spring plank suspended from
said transom bars by links having normally a slight outward inclination, a half
elliptic spring mounted centrally on the spring plank, spiral springs arranged"
on the spring plank near the ends of the same, a bolster supported on said
springs, and an electric motor sleeved to the axle of the driving wheels with its
opposite end supported on the end beam of the truck frame outside the driving
wheels, of a slide connected to the bolster and adapted to be connected to the
car body, whereby the center upon which the car swings is brought near the
center of the driving axle and the necessary traction on the driving wheels is
obtained.
22. The combination with the swivel truck herein before described, of an electric
plough support carried by suitable appliances suspended from the truck between
its axles, whereby the plough support is adapted to operate within the space.
between such axles.
23. The combination with the truck frame herein before described, of an electric
plough support adapted to carry the plough between the axles of the truck,
the same consisting of a pair of parallel bars secured longitudinally beneath the

page_text: truck frame, and a pair of parallel rods mounted on said bars transversely of
the truck frame and provided with sliding brackets and a suitable plough support
pivotally connected to said brackets, the connection to one of them being made
by elongated slots formed in the end of the plough support, whereby the plough
support may accommodate itself to the movements of the truck and to the various
relations assumed by the truck with reference to the slot in the track.
24. The combination with the truck frame herein before described, of parallel
bars 32 secured at their outer ends to the end beam of the truck and at their
inner ends to stirrups depending from a transverse member of the truck frame,
parallel rods 33 secured to said bars 32 between the axles of the truck, sliding
couplings on said rods and an electric plough support having one end con-
nected to one of said couplings to swivel thereon and its opposite end provided
with elongated slots which receive studs on the coupling, whereby the plough
support may lengthen between the rods 33 as it is carried to one side or the
other of the truck.
25. In a car truck, provided with driving wheels and with pilot wheels carry-
ing a lighter load than the driving wheels, the combination with a brake beam
suitably supported in gravity slides on the outside of the driving wheels and
provided with brake shoes, and brake operating rods extending to near the inside
of the pilot wheels, of brake shoes for the pilot wheels, suspended from the
truck frame inside the pilot wheels, yoke connections between said brake rods
and the brake shoes of the pilot wheels and suitably supported on brackets bolted
to the truck frame, upright levers pivoted in said yoke connections and ful-
crumed, below the pivots, springs between the said yokes and the pilot wheel
brake shoes and means for fixing the relation of said shoes to the pilot wheels
and for adjusting the tension of said springs.
26. The combination with brake shoes for the driving wheels and the brake
rods, of the yokes 41 provided with brackets 41ª, brackets 39b bolted to the truck
frame and supporting said yokes, upright levers 47 fulcrumed in the brackets 39b
and pivoted in said yokes, pilot wheel brake shoes 44 provided with screw-
threaded rods 42 extending through the brackets 41a, springs 43 on rods 42 and
washers and nuts on rods 42, substantially as set forth.
1000
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.