Improvements in the Manufacture of Scissors and in the Tools used therein.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Sept., 1892-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Scissors and in the Tools
used therein.
We, WILLIAM BARKER HATFIELD, of Livingstone Road Sheffield in the
County of York, Manager and WILLIAM HENRY FURNISS, Upper Myrtle
Road Sheffield aforesaid Forge Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates more particularly to the production of the blanks of
scissors, and to the first operations performed upon such blanks, the object being
chiefly to minimise the waste of material to the greatest extent, and thus to enable
superior steel to be used without materially increasing the first cost.
We propose to cut out of plate steel of suitable width and thickness the first
form of blank, being a mere tapering strip of steel, and we form the wider end or
butt into the shank and bow in the following manner.
The blank in its taper form is then placed edgeways between a pair of top and
bottom tools, the bottom die having a recess to receive sufficient of the butt end
from which the bow is to be performed, and a shoulder of suitable configuration, to
set down the blank so as to produce a rough outline of the shank when operated
upon by the top tool, which is also suitably shaped for the purpose. The blank so
formed to a first shape is then passed to a matrix or counterpart of the bow, shank,
and blade, either formed in the same pair of tools or in a separate pair, and so
constructed that when the faces of the two tools are close together there is just
sufficient material in the matrix to form the bow and shank and blade leaving a
thin web across the interior of the bow. The matrix or recess is so formed that
any excess of material in the butt or bow end of the blank will during the operation
be forced to flow forward into the shank and thus elongate the blank instead of
forming a side fash round the bow.
Many scissors are required with very light bows, and the operation of cutting
out the centre portion is consequently a delicate one; in order to accomplish this
we construct a punching tool as follows; it consists of a bed, a punch, and an inter-
mediately placed holder and guide plate.
The bed is prepared with a sunk recess to receive the bow and shank as already
formed, and a hole corresponding with the opening in the bow, the holder and
guide plate is fitted upon vertical guide pins upon which it can slide, and has also
a sunk recess to receive the upper portion of the bow and shank, and a hole to
receive aud guide the punch.
The
The said plate is held raised from the face of the bed by one or more springs, so
that the scissor blank can be inserted between the two without trouble.
punch is held in the nozzle of a suitable machine capable of imparting a vertical
movement to it, and between the head of the punch or some equivalent position, and
the guide plate a strong spring is placed, which does not act upon the plate when
the punch is raised. When however the blank is placed in position and the punch
is made to descend, the spring before mentioned forces down the said plate upon
the blank and holds it firinly in position, enclosed between the holder and the bed
in the recesses before mentioned while the punch follows down and passes through
the blank.
On the return of the punch, the pressure of the spring is relaxed, and the reaction
of the springs under the plate raise it to its normal position.
Deted the 30th day of November 1891
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Scissors and in the Tools
used therein.
We WILLIAM Barker Hatfield, of Livingstone Road, Sheffield in the
County of York, Manager, and WILLIAM HENRY FURNISS, Upper Myrtle
Road, Sheffield aforesaid, Forge Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates more particularly to the production of the blanks of
scissors, and to the first operations performed upon such blanks, the object being
chiefly to minimise the waste of material to the utmost, and thus to permit superior
steel to be used, without materially increasing the prime cost.
To render the Specification clear, we have annexed a sheet of drawings to which
we shall from time to time refer; similar letters of reference refer to similar parts,
in any of the figures.
Fig. 1, the strip of steel from which the blank is made.
Fig. 2, face of bottom tool or dic.
Fig. 3, section through the line a, a.
Fig. 4, section through the line b, b.
Fig. 5, vertical section of punching tool.
Fig. 6, face of bottom punching tool.
We first cut out of plate steel of suitable width and thickness the first form or
strip, shown in Fig. 1, being a mere tapering piece of steel.
This strip of steel is then heated and placed edgeways between a pair of top and
bottom tools, the face of the bottom tool being shown in Fig. 2, and the vertical
section of the tools showing the strip after the first operation, being shown in
Fig. 4.
The bottom tool is made with a recess A, to receive sufficient of the butt end
of the strip S, to make the bow, and a shoulder B, of suitable configuration to set
down the strip so as to produce a rough outline of the shank when operated upon
by the top tool or hammer face, which is rounded off at C, for this purpose.
The blank so partly formed is then passed to a matrix D, shown in Fig. 2, being
a counterpart of the bow, shank, and blade, although these are shown on the same
die as the recess A, they may be made on separate dies or tools.
The matrix is so constructed that when the faces of the tools are close together as
in Fig. 4, there is just sufficient material in the matrix to form the bow, shank, and
blade, leaving a thin web of material across the inside of bow.
The part E, is made convex, the crown being just below the face of the tool, and
this shape forces the metal in the butt end of the first form of blank, to spread
outwards and fill the annular recess e, which constitutes the bow.
The matrix is made with vertical sides at the bow end, so that any excess of
metal in the butt end of the blank, will be forced to flow forwards into the shank
when operated upon by the top tool, and will thus elongate the blank instead of
forming a fash round the bow, and thus the strip of steel can be made shorter than
usual, and waste of metal is prevented.
The blank so formed is flat on one side but has the required formation with the
various bevils, shoulders and the like upon the other side, and to further perfect
the form of the blank we now pass it between a pair of similar tools to those already
described but having a counterpart recess sunk in the top tool also, so as to produce
a perfect shank and bow on both sides, but still with the web of metal in the bow,
and possibly a surrounding fash which is removed by ordinary fashing tools, these
tools are not new, and do not form part of the invention.
Many scissors are required with very light bows, and the operation of cutting
out the centre web is consequently a delicate one, and in all cases it requires great

page_text: care so as not to damage the bow, and in order to accomplish this work we construct
a special punching tool, shown in Figs. 5 and 6, consisting of a punch F, a bed G,
and a guide plate and holder H.
The face of the bed is prepared with a sunk recess I, corresponding with the
bow and shank of the scissor, which when placed in position will project a little
above the face of the bed G. J, is the hole for the punch F. to pass into, and
K, denotes the guide pins on which the punch-guide and holder H slides.
We prefer to make the holder H, with a recess corresponding with that on the
face of the bed so that the scissor blank may not be damaged by the pressure of the
holder.
Springs L, (but not necessarily of spiral form) return (and retain) the holder to
its highest and normal position, allowing room for the ready insertion of the
scissor blank.
The nose of the punch when raised does not leave the guide plate or holder, and
between the holder and the head of punch we place a strong spring M.
When the punch F, which is carried by the slide of any suitable machine,
descends, the spring M, overcomes the springs L, and presses down the holder upon
the scissor blank, and holds it firmly, and well supported round the bow while the
punch passes through it, cutting out the web.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1 The improvements in the manufacture of scissors herein before described
namely, the construction of the blank of the blade shank and bow from a tapered
strip of steel, by the consecutive processes of bending, stamping and punching
the bow, in the tools described and shown.
2-For the manufacture of scissors, a bottom tool having a recess A, with a
shoulder B, for bending and roughly forming the bow and shank, substantially as
hereinbefore described and with reference to Figs. 2 and 4.
3-For the manufacture of scissors, a bottom die having a sunk matrix of a
scissor blade shank and bow, the inside of the bow part being convexed so as to
cause the metal to spread to the sides, substantially as hereinbefore described and
with reference to Figs. 2 and 3.
4-In the manufacture of scissors, and for the purpose of punching out the
interior of the bow, a bed and punch with a guide plate and holder H, raising
springs L, and holding down spring M, the face of the bed provided with a recess
to receive and support the bow while being punched, substantially as hereinbefore
described and with reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
Dated the 1st day of September 1892.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicants.