IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING MILLS OR MACHINERY FOR ROLLING IRON AND STEEL WIRE OR OTHER LIGHT SECTIONS OF ROLLED IRON OR STEEL
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nehemiah Stanford, of North Woolwich, in the
County of Kent, Millwright, and George Bott, of Masbrough, near
Rotherham, in the County of York, Furnace Builder, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING MILLS OR MACHINERY FOR
ROLLING IRON AND STEEL WIRE OR OTHER LIGHT SECTIONS OF ROLLED IRON
OR STEEL."
Sealed the 21st August 1874, and dated the 20th June 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nehemiah Stanford and
George Bott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 20th June 1874.
We, NEHEMIAH STANFORD, of North Woolwich, in the County of
Kent, Millwright, and GEORGE BOTT, of Masbrough, near Rotherham,
in the County of York, Furnace Builder, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING MILLS OR MACHINERY
FOR ROLLING IRON AND STEEL WIRE OR OTHER LIGHT SECTIONS OF ROLLED IRON OR
STEEL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in rolling mills, or machinery
for rolling iron and steel wire, or other light sections of rolled iron or
steel. For this purpose a wrought-iron carrying bar is arranged below

page_text: the rolls so as to work in a slide with brass bearings to carry the bottom
loose spindle, which rises and falls to suit any diameter of rolls, and can
casily be adjusted as the brasses wear thinner until the brasses are worn
through, thus effecting a great saving in the brass bearings.
The chucks and brasses for the necks of the rolls are about half the
usual size, the brasses being held in the chucks by dovetails which are
cast solid on to the back of the brass bearings. The chucks and brasses
are made so that one brass will fit any of the chucks.
A brass is pressed down on the neck of the bottom roll by a spring,
which also presses the chuck and brass up against the neck of the top
roll, thus preventing the rolls from breaking by striking each other,
keeping the rolls in their proper position, and also preventing the rolls
working loose and marking the wire or rods passed between the rolls,
regularity in size of the wire or rods being rolled is thus ensured.
The points of the guides are kept in their proper place by set pins or
studs which work through a peculiarly formed nut; the guides are also
held firm by studs and wedges. The guide box is held firm in its
position by bolts and bearers secured in the standards.
Springs are arranged under the glands of the standards to keep the
glands perfectly steady. The glands are screwed down so as to put
a constant weight or pressure on the necks of the rolls, thus keeping the
rolling mill so steady whilst running that it can scarcely be heard when
the rolling is going on. The constant pressure on the necks of the rolls
and the steadiness of the rolls whilst working prevents the rolling mill
pinions from breaking by "back lash," thereby effecting a very great
saving in wear and tear of the mill and machinery. The whole is mounted
on a suitable frame and bed plate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Nehemiah Stanford and George Bott in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 28th October 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, NEHEMIAH
STANFORD, of North Woolwich, in the County of Kent, Millwright, and
GEORGE BOTT, of Masbrough, near Rotherham, in the County of York,
Furnace Builder, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Nehemiah Stanford and George Bott, Her
special license, that we, the said Nehemiah Stanford and George Bott,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Nehemiah Stanford and George Bott, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING
MILLS, OR MACHINERY FOR ROLLING IRON AND STEEL WIRE OR OTHER LIGHT
SECTIONS OF ROLLED IRON OR STEEL," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Nehemiah Stanford and George Bott, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and scals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Nehemiah Stanford and George
Bott, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improvements in rolling mills, or machinery
for rolling iron and steel wire and other light sections of rolled iron or
steel.
And in order that our said Invention may be clearly understood and
readily carried into practice we will proceed to describe the Drawings
Figure 1 is an end elevation; Figure 2, a transverse section; Figure 3
35 is a plan; and Figure 4, a side view of a pair of rollers mounted and
arranged in accordance with our improvements.

page_text: A is a wrought-iron carrying bar mounted below the rolls a, b, so
as to be capable of adjustment, according to our improvements, in
slides B, B, fixed by bolts to the bottom frame A* upon which each
alternate pair of housings or standards K are mounted. The outer end
of the spindle A² is coupled with the bottom roller b in the adjoining
pair of housings, the top roller a in Figure 2 of that pair being coupled
to a spindle A2*, as shewn in Figure 5, for transmitting the motion to
the top roller a of the next adjoining pair of housings, which corresponds
with the arrangement shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. Thus it will be
seen that the motion is transmitted to the rolls by the shafts A2 and A²*,
which can be adjusted from time to time, according to our improve-
ments, as the brasses of the rolls a and b become worn or otherwise.
A', A', are brass bearings to carry the bottom spindle A2, which can be
raised or lowered and fixed in position by bolts, as shown, to suit any
diameter of rolls, and can casily be adjusted, as the brasses wear thinner,
until the brasses are worn through, thus effecting a great saving in the
brass bearings. The red lines in Figures 1 and 2 show the correct
position of the spindle A² for working with the rollers a and b, as shown
in the Drawings.
The chucks and brasses a¹, 61, for the necks of the rolls a, b, are about
half the usual size, the brasses being held in the chucks by dovetails
which are cast solid on to the back of the brass bearing. The chucks
and brasses are made so that one brass will fit any of the chucks.
The top brass b¹ is pressed down on the neck of the bottom roll 6 by a
spring D, which also presses the chuck and brass a¹ up against the neck
of the top roll a, thus preventing the rolls from breaking by striking
cach other, keeping the rolls a, b, in their proper position, and also pre-
venting the rolls working loose and marking the wire or rods passed
between the rolls, regularity in size of the wire or rods being rolled is
thus ensured.
The points of the guides F are kept in their proper place by set pins
or studs F which work through a peculiarly formed nut F2, the guides F
are also held firm by studs G and wedges H. The guide box I is held
firm in its position by bolts I' and bearers J secured in the standards K.
Springs K² are arranged under the glands K₁ of the standards K to
keep the glands perfectly steady. The glands K' are screwed down so
as to put a constant weight or pressure on the necks of the rolls a, b,

page_text: thus keeping the rolling mill so steady whilst running that it can
scarcely be heard when the rolling is going on. The constant pressure
on the necks of the rolls and the steadiness of the rolls whilst working
prevents the rolling mill pinions from breaking by "back lash," thereby
effecting a very great saving in wear and tear of the rolling mill and
machinery connected therewith. The whole is mounted on a suitable
frame and bed plate.
Having thus described the nature of our improvements and the
manner of carrying the same into practice, we would remark that we do
not limit our claim to the precise arrangement of parts represented in
the Drawings so long as the main features of our Invention are retained;
but what we claim is the improved arrangement and construction of
rolling mills, and machinery for rolling iron or steel wire, or other light
sections of rolled iron or steel, substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein-before described and represented in the Drawings here-
unto annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said Nehemiah Stanford and George
Bott, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day of
October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred