Improvements in the Construction of Wheels and Tyres for Carriages, Bicycles, Tricycles, and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 25th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 25th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Wheels and Tyres for
Carriages, Bicycles, Tricycles, and other Road Vehicles.
We, WALTER SWAIN and WILLIAM PHILIPSON of Hillfold Mill, Astley Bridge
near Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Pneumatic Tyre Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of wheels and tyres
for carriages, bicycles, tricycles, and other road vehicles and consists in making
the rim of the wheel of metal, wood, or other suitable material of or other forms
on the outer periphery of which is mounted a pneumatic or other tyre inflated by
means of air, gas, or liquids under pressure. On each side of the outer periphery
of the rim of the wheel is disposed a bed of india-rubber or other pliable or
yielding substance on which the pneumatic or other tyre sits, thereby preventing
or minimising the bulging of the said tyre sideways. The pneumatic or inflated
tube is enclosed in a canvas tube lined with rubber or its equivalent and covered
externally with a steel or other metallic shield in the form of a tape or band
wrapped in a spiral form. The whole are enclosed with a sole or covering of
india-rubber or its equivalent and canvas; the ends of the latter extending to and
lapping over each other on the inner periphery of the rim of the wheel, at which
point they are secured. To prevent the said tyres being useless in case a burst
takes place we fill, or thereabouts, the pressure tube, when deflated, with cork or
other pliable material to form a support for the said tube, thereby preventing the
destruction of the same when not under pressure. When the pressure tube is
inflated the cork or other pliable material is free to move. The spokes of the said
wheels are secured to the metallic or other rim by means of clips made in halves
and formed to fit the inner periphery of the rim, being jointed together on the
spokes by screws or their equivalents. The inner periphery of the wheel rim is
recessed or provided with a projection to receive the end of each spoke to prevent
slipping. The clips are constructed externally to the outer form of the spokes by
which neatness and lightness are maintained.
Dated the 20th Mar 1899
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Wheels and Tyres for
Carriages, Bicycles, Tricycles, and other Road Vehicles.
We, WALTER SWAIN and WILLIAM PHILIPSON of Hillfold Mill, Astley
Bridge near Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Pneumatic Tyre Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of wheels and tyres
for carriages, bicycles, tricycles, and other road vehicles and consists in making
the rim of the wheel of metal, wood, or other suitable material of ☐ or other forms
on the outer periphery of which is mounted a pneumatic or other tyre inflated by
means of air, gas, or liquids under pressure. On each side of the outer periphery
of the rim of the wheel is disposed a bed of india-rubber or other pliable or yielding
substance on which the pneumatic or other tyre sits, thereby preventing or

page_text: minimising the bulging of the said tyre sideways. The pneumatic or inflated tube
is enclosed in a canvas tube lined with rubber or its equivalent and covered exter-
nally with a steel or other metallic shield in the form of a tape or band wrapped
in a spiral form. The whole are enclosed with a sole or covering of india-rubber
or its equivalent and canvas; the ends of the latter extending to and lapping over
each other on the inner periphery of the rim of the wheel, at which point they are
secured. To prevent the said tyres being useless in case a burst takes place we fill,
or thereabouts, the pressure tube, when deflated, with cork or other pliable material
to form a support for the said tube, thereby preventing the destruction of the same
when not under pressure.
When the pressure tube is inflated the cork or other
pliable material is free to move. The spokes of the said wheels are secured to the
metallic or other rim by means of clips made in halves and formed to fit the inner
periphery of the rim, being jointed together on the spokes by screws or their
equivalents. The inner periphery of the wheel rim is recessed or provided with a
projection to. receive the end of each spoke to prevent slipping. The clips are
constructed externally to the outer form of the spokes by which meatness and
lightness are maintained.
f
Fig. 1 is a part sectional elevation of our improvements in the construction of
wheels and pneumatic tyres for carriages, bicycles, tricycles, and other road
vehicles.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section through line A B.
Fig. 3 is a part transverse section through line CD.
Fig. 4 is
side elevation of top end of spoke in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation of another method of securing spokes circumferentially
with rim of wheel.
Fig. 6 is a transverse section through line E F in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a plan of underside of clips for securing spokes to rim of wheel, and
Fig. 8 is a plan of upper side of same.
The rim G of the wheel may be of metal, wood, or other suitable material of the
form or section shown in Fig. 2, and is covered with the canvas H, the latter being
secured thereto by cement, or other like substance or solution. On the outer
periphery of the rim G is mounted the pneumatic or other tyre consisting of the
inflatable india-rubber or other tube I and the canvas cover K. If desired the tube ]
and canvas K may be protected by means of the metallic tapes L and M wrapped
round same in a spiral form to break joint as shown in Fig. 1. On each side of the
outer periphery of the rim G of the wheel we dispose the seat or bed N of india-
rubber or other pliable or yielding substance on which the pneumatic or other
tyre sits, thereby preventing or minimising the bulging of the said tyre sideways.
The seat or bed N may be secured to the canvas H on the rim G by india-rubber
or other solution. The pneumatic or other tyre is secured in position on the rim G
of the wheel by means of the sole or covering O of india-rubber or other like
substance of unequal thickness and of the form or section shown in the drawings,
and is provided with a flat bearing surface of the width it is intended to present
to the road; the whole being mounted on the canvas P and extends down to
the inner periphery of the rim G of the wheel, at which point one end overlaps
the other, being secured by cement, solution, or other means. To further secure the
sole or covering O to the rim G of the wheel and protect the overlapping joint
from damp and make a respectable and neat finish to the same we provide the
"patent
or polished leather cover R secured thereon by cement or other
To prevent the said pneumatic or other tyre being useless in case the inflated
tube I bursts or is cut by coming in contact with tacks, nails, or other sharp instru-
ments met with when travelling over rough and other roads we fill, or thereabouts,
the inflatable tube I, when deflated, with the blocks S composed of cork, or other
pliable material, such as, india-rubber, gutta-percha, and the like, to form a support
for the said tube I, thereby preventing the destruction of the same when not
under pressure. When the pressure tube I is inflated as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the
solution.
"

page_text: cork or other pliable material S is free to move. The blocks S are of such a size
as to prevent them riding on or passing each other.
In adapting this improved pneumatic tyre for carriage or other road vehicle
wheels the ordinary wood spokes may be employed, being secured to the rim G of
the wheel as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. To effect this the inner periphery of the
rim G may be provided with the metallic projections T at the point where the
centre of each spoke V is intended to fit. The upper end of the spoke V is
provided with the slot W shown in Fig. 4, which fits on the projection T and secures
the same in position circumferentially. In lieu of the projections T the inner
periphery of the rim G may be flattened or recessed the width of the upper end of
the spoke V as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. After the spokes V have been fixed in
position on the projections or in the recesses T they are secured laterally by means
of the metallic clips X made in halves and formed to fit the inner periphery of the
rim G, being jointed together on the end of the spokes V by the screws Z. The
clips X are held in position vertically by being mounted on the shoulder Y
produced by turning or reducing the end of the spokes V on which they fit or clip.
The clips X are constructed externally to the outer form of the spokes V as shown
in Fig. 7, by which neatness and lightness will be maintained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A pneumatic tyre, for wheels of carriages, bicycles, tricycles, and other road
vehicles, composed of an india-rubber or other elastic pressure tube, a canvas or
other covering, a steel or other metallic shield in the form of a tape or tapes
wrapped round same in a spiral form to break joint, a canvas or other covering,
mounted on a rim of metal, wood, or other suitable material covered or coated with
canvas, and provided with elastic side seats, the whole being enclosed in an india-
rubber or other elastic sole with a flat rolling surface of unequal thickness, and
secured to the inner periphery of the wheel rim, substantially as described.
2. In combination with the india-rubber or other elastic pressure tube of a
pneumatic tyre the use of blocks of cork or other pliable material for the purpose
specified, substantially as described.
3. In combination with the rim of pneumatic tyres of wheels for carriages and
other road vehicles, the use of metallic clips in halves, and projections on the inner
periphery of the rim or recesses formed therein to receive upper end of spokes, the
whole being secured together by screws or their equivalents for the purpose specified,
substantially as described.
Dated the 18th January 1893.
EDMUND CHADWICK, F.I.C.P.A.,
Agent.