Improvements in Machines for Cleaning and Preparing Land.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 18th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 21st Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cleaning and Preparing Land.
I JOHN BARTON SAINSBURY of Overton Farm, Ross in the county of Hereford,
Farmer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention for improvements in machine for cleaning and preparing land has for
object to provide a single machine which shall not only plough the land to be cleaned
and prepared, but shall also thoroughly break up the lumps and clods and separate
therefrom the scutch weeds and rubbish.
In a machine constructed according to my invention a rotary beater, mounted on
the frame behind two skim shares working at right and left angles respectively and
arranged so as to turn the soil inwards and deliver it to the beater, catches the soil as
it leaves the shares and breaks it up and throws it therefrom; the soil being the
heaviest descends first and the scutch weeds and rubbish fall on the surface of the land
from which they are readily harrowed or gathered.
A cleaning and preparing machine comprises a rotary heater mounted on a frame
behind two skim shares rigidly secured to the frame and serving to pare the soil to the
required depth. These shares work at right and left angles respectively and are
arranged so as to guide the soil directly on to the beater. A small cutting share may
be arranged to run in front of and between the two skim shares. The beater is
rotated by gearing from the travelling wheels of the machine about a horizontal axis
at right angles to the axis of the travelling wheels and is mounted on a shaft on which
is a bevel pinion gearing with one or the other of two bevel wheels fixed on a
horizontal counter shaft parallel to the axle of the machine and driven therefrom
through toothed wheels. The counter shaft is mounted in bearings on the main frame
and can be traversed longitudinally to a limited extent by means of a lever so that
either one or the other of the bevel wheels can be made to gear with the bevel pinion
on the beater shaft. It will thus be seen that the direction of rotation of the beater
can be changed at pleasure and that this machine can work either round the field or
return on the adjacent furrow. The rotary beater consists of an iron disc fixed on the
shaft and in which are placed at regular intervals arms or beaters formed at the ends
into suitable shapes to properly act on the soil; or forks may be secured in the ends
of the said arms and be changed according to the nature of the soil being operated
upon.
The machine is provided with means for varying the depth at which it works,
consisting of a lever by which the height of the pole and whippletrees can be adjusted.
101
Ր T11000
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
156, Strand, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cleaning and Preparing Land.
1 JOHN BARTON SAINSBURY of Overton Farm, Ross in the County of Hereford,
Farmer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention for improvements in machines for cleaning and preparing land has
for object to provide a single machine which shall not only plough the land to be
cleaned and prepared, but shall also thoroughly break up the lumps and clods and
separate therefrom the scutch weeds and rubbish.

page_text: In a machine constructed according to my invention a rotary heater, mounted on
the frame behind two skim shares working at right and left angles respectively and
arranged so as to turn the soil inwards and deliver it to the beater, catches the soil as
it leaves the shares and breaks it up and throws it therefrom; the soil being the
heaviest descends first, and the scutch weeds and rubbish fall on the surface of the
land from which they are readily harrowed or gathered.
A cleaning and preparing machine comprises a rotary beater mounted on a frame
behind two skim shares rigidly secured to the frame and serving to pare the soil to
the required depth. These shares work at right and left angles respectively and are
arranged so as to guide the soil directly on to the beater. A small cutting share may
be arranged to run in front of and between the two skim shares. The beater is
rotated. hy gearing from the travelling wheels of the machine about a horizontal axis
at right angles to the axis of the travelling wheels and is mounted on a shaft on which
is a bevel pinion gearing with one or the other of two bevel wheels fixed on a
horizontal counter shaft parallel to the axle of the machine and driven therefrom
through toothed wheels. The counter shaft is mounted in bearings on the main frame
and can be traversed longitudinally to a limited extent by means of a lever so that
either one or the other of the bevel wheels can be made to gear with the bevel pinion
on the beater shaft. It will thus be seen that the direction of rotation of the beater
can be changed at pleasure and that this machine can work either round the field or
return on the adjacent furrow. The rotary heater consists of an iron disc fixed on the
shaft and in which are placed at regular intervals radial arms or beaters formed at the
ends into suitable shapes to properly act on the soil; or forks may be secured in
the ends of the said arms and be changed according to the nature of the soil being
operated upon. The machine is provided with means for varying the depth at which
it works consisting of a lever by which the height of the pole and whippletrees can be
adjusted.
In the accompanying two sheets of drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine for cleaning and preparing land constructed
according to my invention and
Fig. 2 is a plan.
Fig. 3 a longitudinal section and
Fig. 4 an end elevation of the same.
The main axle 1 having fixed on it the road wheels 2 is mounted in the main
frame 3. On the axle 1 is a toothed wheel 4 gearing with a pinion 5 on a counter-
shaft 6 mounted in bearings 7 on the top of the main frame 3. Two bevel wheels 8
are fixed on the countershaft 6 and between them is a bevel pinion 9 fixed on a shaft 10
arranged at right angles to the countershaft 6 and mounted in bearings 11 on the
main frame 3. The shaft 10 extends towards the back of the machine and carries at
its outer end a beater comprising an iron disc 12 fixed on the shaft 10 and a disc 13
capable of sliding on the shaft and being drawn towards the disc 12 by bolts. The beater
arms 14 are secured between the discs 12 and 13 and to their outer ends are secured
suitably shaped tines or forks which can be varied according to the nature of the soil
being operated upon. The front bearing 11 of the shaft 10 is arranged to slide on the
main frame 3 to a limited extent so that the bevel pinion 9 can be made to gear with
either of the bevel wheels 8 at pleasure. The bearing is fixed to the frame by means
of bolts passing through elongated slots in the main frame and a plate 15 sliding on
the underside of the main frame.
The shaft 10 is slid to one side or the other by means of a lever 17 pivotted to the
main frame at 18. The lever has an shaped slot in it extending to its outside so
that it can be passed on to the shaft and slipped down on it. When the lever is
operated it is retained in one of three positions by means of the catch lever 19 which
takes into one of three slots in an arch piece 20 secured to the main frame. In the
central position of the lever 17 the pinion 9 is not in gear with either of the wheels 8
and in the two extreme positions it is in gear with one or the other of the wheels 8 and
the beater is rotated in the corresponding direction.

page_text: Two skin shares 21 are rigidly secured to the main frame 3 in front of the rotary
beater 14. These shares work at right and left angles respectively and are arranged
so as to turn the soil towards one another and to guide it directly on to the rotary
beater which strikes the ridge so formed at right angles to its length and breaks up
the soil and throws it to one side. The soil being the heaviest descends first and the
scutch, weeds and rubbish fall on the surface of the ploughed land from which they
are readily harrowed or gathered.
It will readily be seen that by means of the lever 17 the direction of rotation of the
beater 14 can be changed at pleasure so that the machine can work either round the
field or by reversing the direction of rotation of the beater can return on the adjacent.
furrow.
In order that the depth to which the shares work may be varied or that the shares
may be completely lifted out of the work a lever 22 is pivotted in a bracket 23 secured
to the main frame 3 and its front end is connected by links to the pole 24. Its back
end terminates in a handle adjacent to the drivers seat 25 and is passed through a
slotted upright 26 provided with pin holes so that the lever can be fixed in any
desired position. The inner end of the pole is secured by bolts to bent arms 27
pivotted at 28 to the main frame. It will readily be seen that by lowering the handle
of the lever 22, the front of the main frame is lowered and consequently the back
with the beater and shares is raised.
Although the heater is described and shewn as working in a vertical plane parallel to
the axis it may be in the form of a drum rotating in a vertical plane at right angles to
the axis so as to deliver the soil backwards, or at other suitable angle. In such cases
it would be driven directly from the main axle without any reversing gear.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. In machines for cleaning and preparing land the arrangement of a rotary beater
mounted on a shaft behind two shares working at right and left angles respectively so
as to turn the soil towards one another and to deliver it to the beater substantially as
described.
2. A land cleaning and preparing machine consisting of a beater mounted on a
horizontal shaft at right angles to the main shaft from which it is driven through a
bevelled reversing gear and of two shares arranged in front of the said beater and so
as to turn the soil towards one another and deliver it to the beater substantially as
described.
3. A machine for cleaning and preparing land constructed substantially as described
with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 18th day of November 1889.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.