A Machine for Mixing, Working, Amalgamating, or Agglomerating and Compressing Plastic Materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Dec., 1892-Accepted, 4th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Machine for Mixing, Working, Amalgamating, or Agglomerating
and Compressing Plastic Materials.
1, AUGUSTE DESGoffe of Lille, France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a machine for mixing, working, amalgamating,
agglomerating and compressing plastic materials. The machine is applicable
among other purposes to the mixing or working and delivering in a more or less
compressed state and in a continuous stream, of clay for the manufacture of
bricks, pipes or other like goods, of peat mixed or not with other ingredients, of
coal dust mixed with pitch or the like for making fuel blocks, of cement mixed
with other materials for making artificial stone, and of dough or paste for making
bread, vermicelli or other like goods.
My machine is composed of an open spiral of one or more threads projecting both
externally and internally so as to constitute both an external and an internal screw.
The turns of the spiral are connected together by longitudinal bars or partitions
which not only strengthen them but also assist in acting upon the material which is
passing through the machine. This spiral is caused to rotate in a cylindrical casing
on whose inner face is a screw or spiral which is concentric with but the reverse of
the external screw of the rotating spiral. Within the rotating spiral is a fixed rod
carrying another concentric screw or spiral which is the reverse of the internal
screw of the rotating spiral. Above one end of the casing is a feed hopper provided
if necessary with fluted or plain feed rollers. The material or materials supplied to
the hopper are delivered to the casing and pass between the openings formed by the
bars that connect the turns of the rotating spiral. The rotation of this spiral causes
the materials to pass gradually to the opposite end of the casing and in this passage
they become well mixed, worked up, amalgamated or agglomerated by the action of
the reverse screws and the connecting bars and they reach the mouth or die of the
machine in a state which will be more or less compressed according to the size of
the said mouth or die as compared with the passage way between the screws.
The material issues from the machine in a continuous stream the form or section
of which will depend upon the form of the mouth or die. If pipes or other tubular
articles are to be produced the hollow can be produced by prolonging the rod of
the central screw through the mouth.
Instead of the double or intermediate spiral being made to rotate and the casing
and central screw being fixtures as above described the casing and central screw can
be made to rotate and the intermediate spiral be either a fixture or made to rotate
in the opposite direction to the casing and central screw.
In some cases more particularly for mixing or working coal dust or other material
with pitch or like material I heat the casing, the central screw and the die so as to
keep the pitch in a more or less liquid state; this can be conveniently effected by
steam jacketting the casing and die and making the rod of the central screw hollow
so as to receive steam.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Machine for Mixing, Working, Amalgamating, or Agglomerating
and Compressing Plastic Materials.
I, AUGUSTE DESGOFFE of Lille, France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,' to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of a machine for mixing, working, amalgamating or
agglomerating and compressing plastic materials. The machine is applicable among
other purposes to the mixing or working and delivering in a more or less compressed
state and in a continuous stream of clay for the manufacture of bricks, pipes or
other like goods, of peat mixed or not with other ingredients, of coal dust mixed
with pitch or the like for making fuel blocks, of cement mixed with other materials
for making artificial stone and of dough or paste for making bread, vermicelli or
other like goods.
My machine is composed of an open spiral of one or more threads projecting
both externally and internally so as to constitute both an external and an internal
screw. The turns of the spiral are connected together by longitudinal bars or
partitions which not only strengthen them but also assist in acting upon the material
which is passing through the machine. This spiral is caused to rotate in a
cylindrical casing on whose inner face is a screw or spiral which is concentric with
but the reverse of the external screw of the rotating spiral. Within the rotating
spiral is a fixed rod carrying another concentric screw or spiral which is the reverse
of the internal screw of the rotating spiral. Above one end of the casing is a feed
hopper provided if necessary with fluted or plain feed rollers. The material or
materials supplied to the hopper are delivered to the casing and pass between the
openings formed by the bars that connect the turns of the rotating spiral. The
rotation of this spiral causes the materials to pass gradually to the opposite end of
the casing and in this passage they become well mixed, worked up, amalgamated or
agglomerated by the action of the reverse screws and the connecting bars and they
reach the mouth or die of the machine in a state which will be more or less com-
pressed according to the size of the said mouth or die as compared with the passage
way between the screws.
The material issues from the machine in a continuous stream, the form or section
of which will depend upon the form of the mouth or die. If pipes or other tubular
articles are to be produced the hollow can be produced by prolonging the rod of the
central screw through the mouth.
Instead of the double or intermediate spiral being made to rotate and the casing
and central screw being fixtures as above described the casing and central screw
can be made to rotate and the intermediate spiral be either a fixture or made to
rotate in the opposite direction to the casing and central screw.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a longitudinal vertical section of a
machine constructed according to my invention.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the open spiral herein before described.
a is the open spiral; its thread projects both externally and internally so as to
constitute both an external and an internal screw. bbare the longitudinal bars or
partitions which connect the turns of the spiral together and not only serve to
strengthen them but also to assist in acting upon the material which is passing through
the machine. The spiral is connected at one end to a cap or boss c which is free to turn
upon the end of the rod i and in a bearing in the end of the casing d. This cap or boss
fits the square end of the shaft e to which, and therefore to the spiral a rotation is
imparted by the mechanism shown or by any other suitable means.
shafte has keyed thereon a toothed wheel which gears with a pinion (not seen)
on the shaft of the driving pulleys gg. d is the cylindrical casing within which
the spiral a rotates. This casing has on its inner face a screw or spiral which is
As shown the

page_text: concentric with but the reverse of the external screw of the rotating spiral a.
i is the fixed rod within the rotating spiral a and formed with another concentric
screw or spiral which is the reverse of the internal screw of the spiral a. The
rod i has a journal or bearing at one end which enters a central aperture in the
rotating boss c and at the other end it is prolonged in the form of a rod m that
passes through a ring n carried by a cross bar or frame p; the rod or prolongation m
is, however, not required unless pipes or other tubular articles have to be produced.
The form of the outside of the moulded articles will be determined by the form
of the outside die or mould 7. is the feed hopper above one end of the casing d
which has an openings to allow the material to enter. In the lower part of the
hopper are one or more fluted or plain feed rollers.
t represents a feed roller thus
situated; it is driven by gearing uu from the shaft e.
In some cases, more particularly for mixing or working coal dust or other material
with pitch or like material, 1 heat the casing d, the rod i of the central screw, and
the die y so as to keep the pitch in a more or less liquid state; this can be con-
veniently effected by steam jacketting the casing d and die q and making the rod i
hollow so as to receive steam, as will be well understood.
The number, depth and thickness of the threads of the spirals should be
determined according to the particular material to be operated upon and the desired
result as will be well understood. The number of threads may be the same in all
the spirals as in the machine shown or the number may differ; for example the
spiral on the casing may have three threads while the spirals a and k may have
two threads. The inclination of the threads is preferably 17° 46'.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine for mixing, working amalgamating or agglomerating and com-
pressing plastic materials, an open spiral projecting both externally and internally
so as to constitute both an external and an internal screw, and having longitudinal
bars or partitions connecting the turns of the spiral in combination with a concentric
casing having an internal screw or spiral the reverse of the open spiral, an internal
rod having an external screw or spiral also the reverse of the open spiral, a feed
opening or inlet at one end of the casing and a mouth or die at the other end of
same, either the open spiral or the casing and internal rod being caused to rotate,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The combination or combinations of parts substantially as hereinbefore
described forming a machine for mixing, working, amalgamating or agglomerating
and compressing plastic materials.
Dated this 23rd day of December 1892.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.