Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Effecting Illumination Partly by Flame and Partly by Incandescence.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 8th May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Effecting
Illumination Partly by Flame and Partly by Incandescence.
J
I, JOSEPH BLASCO DE LÉRY of 58 Pine Street, New York, in the County
and State of New York, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to gas lighting, the object being to utilize that portion of
the heat from the gas flame which is now wasted, to increase the illuminating power
of the flame. A further object is to produce an ornamental and beautiful effect.
In carrying out my invention I combine ordinary gas lighting with gas lighting by
incandescence, which is accomplished by locating a web or net work of incandescing
material at such a point adjacent to the gas burner that the flame projecting from
the latter will impinge at its outer tip against the incandescent web or net.
arrangement permits of the diffusion of all the light rays from the flame itself, and
creates additional light rays from the incandescing body. The preferred form in
which my burner is embodied is shewn in the drawing and described in the
specification which follows.
Referring to the drawing,
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the burner,
Fig. 2 is a plan at line x. x, of Fig. 1:
Fig. 3 is a plan of one of the segments of the incandescing web.
This
a is a gas pipe upon the end of which is supported a cylindrical box or drum b,
having considerable capacity in order to form a heating chamber for the gas
immediately before it is consumed. Around the upper edge of the cylinder a
groove 6 is formed in an inclined surface 2. In the bottom of this groove is
formed a series of gas openings or outlets 63 extending around the cylinder. The
openings are placed a short distance apart and the series of flames emanating
therefrom have a crown shape, as illustrated in Fig. 1.
Projecting centrally from the upper side of the drum is a standard c upon the
upper end of which is fixed a horizontal circular frame d, concentric with the drum.
This frame consists mainly of two rings dd2 and a set of spokes d³. The two
rings are separated to form an annular space, across which is placed a webbing or
net-work of refractory material e, forming part of a disc and capable of becoming
incandescent from the heat of the gas flame. This incandescing web is preferably
made in segments one of which is shewn in Fig. 3, so that in case of the destruction.
or disablement of a portion of the web, it does not necessitate the loss of the
entire web. These incandescing elements being very fragile and expensive, this
construction in segments, becomes a valuable feature of my invention. In case one
of the segments becomes destroyed, it is only necessary to remove and replace the
injured member, which may be done by simply lifting the member out of the
frame and dropping a new one into place.
The frame d is located in the same plane with the very tips of the flames
emanating from the burner b, at which point the incandescing material is subjected
to a very high heat. Thus when the burner is in operation light is shed from the
flames themselves, to the same extent as would be the case if the incandescing web
were not present. But with the web heated to a state of incandescence, from the
heretofore wasted heat of the flame, an additional illumination is obtained.

page_text: Besides the additional illumination, the source of light, taken as a whole, is
"beautiful because in addition to the jets of the flame forming the crown, each jet
terminates in a bright spot of light which may be likened to the jewels of the
"crown.
It is obvious that a single conical flame projecting from the burner and impinging
at its upper edge annularly against the incandescing web would serve my purpose
to some extent, but this is not a preferred arrangement because the heat obtained
is not so great and the flame would smoke to some extent. The division of the
flame into jets offers an opportunity for closer mixture with air and thus promotes
combustion and increases the heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
-claim is :-
1. The combination with a gas burner adapted to throw a series of flames into
the form of a crown, of a circular or disc-like web or netting of incandescing
material arranged above the crown of flame in a horizontal plane, at such a level
as to be struck by the tips of the flames, substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for producing illumination partly by flame and partly by
incandescence, constructed arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 26th der of March AD 1807