Year: 1885

page_text: We, HERBERT CYRIL HEARD, of. Bute Villa, Cardiff, and ALFRED GARDNER, of
26, Loftus Street, Canton, Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
f
The object of our invention is the manufacture of an improved packing for the
glands, pistons, valves, stuffing boxes or other similar portions of steam, hydraulic,
gas, air, and other engines.
This invention may also be applied to all kinds of pumps, plungers, buckets,
cams, glands, and stuffing boxes, as generally used in hydraulic and pumping
machinery.
"
Or it may be used in the packing of the stuffing boxes of machinery where acids
or other similar fluids are being pumped.
It is also applicable to the rods of air pumping appliances.
We preferably make this packing from animal hair pressed, plaited, twisted, or
woven, into sheets, plaits, ropes or strips, of suitable size, as found most convenient.
We prefer using cow-hair but do not confine ourselves' to the use of the hair of
any particular animal..
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page_text: We, HERBERT CYRIL HEARD, of Bute Villa, Cardiff, and ALFRED GARDNER, of
26, Loftus Street, Canton, Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of our invention is the manufacture of an improved packing for the
glands, pistons, valves, stuffing boxes, or other similar portions of steam, hydraulic,
gas, air, and other engines, and machinery generally, and the invention consists in
using animal hair, or wool, which, for the purpose of this invention, is worked up
in a particular way.
The raw material of the invention may be either spun, woven, or compressed
into the desired form, or shape, best adapted for any particular case to which the
invention is to be applied.
We find that compression is a very effective means of approximating the
individual hairs, or fibres, although we do not confine ourselves to this method.
The raw material is combed, or otherwise treated, prior to compression, in order
to make the major portion of the fibres lie in one direction. The sheets of com-
pressed material are cut up across the direction of the fibre into strips of the
necessary width, so that the major portion of the fibres will lie in the strips at
right angles with the cut edges thereof.
The strips may then be netted over with a casing of wool or other similar
material, and sewn through and through for the purpose of keeping the fibres of
the strips in position.
We may dispense with the cutting into strips above described, and prepare thin
sheets of material, which are then rolled up into ropes of any desired section, and
netted over or not.
A core of indiarubber may be used if desired.
Our packing may be made self-lubricating by soaking it in tallow or similar
lubricant. Dry lubricants such as French chalk, China clay, plumbago, fire clay,
asbestos are conveniently added by dusting them into the material before com-
pression, or whatever process is used for approximating the fibres.
The packing is to be placed in the stuffing box with the ends of the hair
bearing against the rod or other wearing part, the several fibres, therefore, lying
radially as to the rod.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is;
1. Packing, for the stuffing boxes of engines and machinery made of animal hair,
or wool
2. In a packing for the stuffing boxes of engines and machinery made of the hair
or wool of animals, combing or otherwise arranging the direction of the fibres of
the material that they, or the major portion of them, shall be at right angles to the
length of the strip or rope of packing as and for the purpose described.
3. Encasing lengths of packing made of animal hair, or wool, with a netting of
wool or similar material.