IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF SILICATE COTTON OR SLAG WOOL TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES, AND IN APPLIANCES TUEREFOR."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Henry Dade, of Bermondsey, in the County of
Surrey, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF SILICATE
COTTON OR SLAG WOOL TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES, AND IN APPLIANCES
TUEREFOR."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Henry Dade at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th February 1880.
DANIEL HENRY DADE, of Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE APPLICATION OF SILICATE COTTON OR SLAG WOOL TO VARIOUS USEFUL
PURPOSES, AND IN APPLIANCES THEREFOR."
According to the first part of this Invention I apply or utilize silicate cotton for
the relief or cure of neuralgic and rheumatic affections, and for this purpose I
enclose it in covers, which aro then closed, say, by a string passing through eyelet
holes; the covers may be in the form of thick flat bags, pads, bandages, knec caps,
stockings, sleeves, jackets, or belts; the part of the cover to be worn next the skin
I make of muslin, thin silk, or flannel, or two or more layers of these, or other
textile or porous materials; both sides of the covers may be thus made so as to be
reversible; or I may enclose the silicate cotton in an inner muslin bag. The
silicate cotton thus enclosed retains the heat of the part to which it is applied, and
it may be that its sulphuric and electric properties operate in the direction indicated,
acting on the opened pores of the skin.
According to the next part of my Invention I also retain the heat of steam or
liquids in pipes or vessels by enclosing silicate cotton in covers of textile or other
materials, as hereinafter described. Thus, for protecting pipes which run along
walls, I form a cover of canvas of the required width for enclosing the pipe so as to
leave an intermediate space to be filled with silicate cotton, and I glue a thin
wooden lath along cach edgo of the canvas; tho laths have nail holes for fastening
to the wall; the canvas overlaps the laths at one end, and this overlap is glued on
to the adjoining cover to form a continuous surface. The cover may be conted
with silicate paint or other autihygroscopic conting, or the cover may be made of
wire gauze, or of tin, or zinc, with flanges pierced for nail holes along each edge.

page_text: up, fill
For protecting pipes accessible all round I use a cover made of tin, or zinc, or
wire gauze, which goes all round the pipe, leaving the required space for the
silicate cotton to be filled in, and similarly flanged and pierced along each edge,
and also formed with an overlap; at one end these covers are supported at regular
intervals on bands or rings made of the so called patent woven silicato cotton,
lapped round to the required thickness. To apply these covers I open them
in the slag wool level with the bands or rings aforesaid, and then bring the flanges
together, fasten them together by wires passed through the holes, and turn down
the flanges. To prevent rusting I prefer to paint these wire gauze covers with
silicate paint. This part of my Invention is specially applicable for preventing
the freezing of water in pipes and for preventing the condensation of steam in
pipes.
In order to make silicate cotton adhesive I mix it with plaster of Paris or other
cement, and it can then be applied as a paste when mixed with water, which inay
be combined with liquid glue or other material for binding it and for counteracting
the hygroscopic property of the silicate cotton; or after application I may give it a
coating of silicate or other paint. Sometimes I apply, first, a rough layer of plaster
of Paris, alone or mixed with a little silicate cotton, then a second rough layer of
silicate cotton mixed with a little plaster of Paris, and then an outer coating of
silicate cotton- and plaster of Paris for finishing off and smoothing. The above
cementitious silicate cotton mixture may also be applied for filtering purposes.
I apply silicate cotton to building purposes for making walls or partitions for
preventing radiation of heat and transmission of sound. For this purpose 1 first form
a brick or slab of plaster of Paris or other suitable material with a proportionately
large cavity, or recess, or recesses, which I fill with silicate cotton.
The next part of my Invention refers to the application of slag wool to the
retaining of heat in utensils for containing hot food, such as workmen's dinner
cans, which I form of tin with double walls, the intermediate space being filled with
silicate cotton. I also form soldiers' flasks similarly with double walls and
intermediate silicate cotton layer for keeping the liquid cool.
I also mix silicate cotton with clay, or plaster of Paris, or both, for the
manufacture of fire-balls used in fireplaces and gas stoves for the retention of
heat.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Daniel Henry Dade in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th
August 1880.
DANIEL HENRY DADE, of Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey.
"
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE APPLICATION OF SILICATE COTTON OR SLAG WOOL TO VARIOUS USEFUL
PURPOSES, AND IN APPLIANCES THEREFOR."
According to the first part of this Invention I apply or utilize silicate cotton for
the relief or cure of neuralgic, rheumatic, gouty, bronchial, pleuretic, and pneumonic
affections, and for this purpose I enclose it in covers of different shapes and sizes
suitable for easily applying and fitting them to the different parts of the body
affected.
These covers may be in the form of thick flat bags, pads, hoods, bandages, kneo-
caps, stockings, sleeves, vests, jackets, or belts.
These covers are made on the outer side of cloth, silk, elastic cloth, or any other
porous and strong material, and the inner side which comes next to the skin I make
of flannel, thin silk, muslin, or any other textile or porous material.
In these covers I place silicato cotton, and retain the silicate cotton in place by
quilting or stitching through, or other means of fastening at intervals; I may also
enclose the silicate cotton in an inner bag or pad made of flannel, silk, or muslin, or
other light or porous textile material, so as to be easily taken out of the outer
cover in order to be reversed or refilled,
The outer cover may be closed by a string passing through cyclet holes. The
inner bags or pads are stitched or quilted. I may also place the silicate cotton
between two or more layers of flannel or other similar material, preferably of a
thin texture, and quilt or stitch the whole, tacking or stitching it also all round,
and place it inside the above described covers.
The silicate cotton thus enclosed retains the heat of the part. of the body to
which it is applied to the fullest extent, and produces in a very few minutes
copious perspiration.
The sulphurous, electric, and other properties of the silicate cotton are under the
above circumstances rendered active, and act beneficially on the parts affected by
being as it were inhaled through the dilated pores, the capillary attraction of both
the silicate cotton and of the flannel or other porous textilo material at the samo
timo absorbing moisture which is formed on the skin through the great heat
retained or concentrated in the part covered by the silicate cotton, thereby
preventing the clogging up of the pores, and rendering their respiration of the
sulphurous, electric, and other properties of the silicate cotton continuous and
complete.
Figs. 1 and 2 show the application of this part of my Invention to a lumbago
belt, Figure 1 showing the front and Figure 2 the back of same; Figure 3 shows
it applied to a liver or stomach pad.
The silicate cotton for the above and other appliances may, as an example, be
arranged as shown in Figure 4, which is a section showing two outer layers A and B
and an inner layer C, all of flannel, or the outer one of some other suitable textile
fabric or other porous material, the two intermediate spaces being filled with
silicate cotton and the whole quilted together, thus keeping the silicate cotton in
place; or the intermediate layer C may be omitted.
The liver pad shown in Figure 3 may be made as shown in Figures 5 and 6 of
the pad proper, Figure 5, enclosed in an outer covering D, Figure 6. The pad
proper being removed may be refilled or renewed and the covering B may be
washed.
The chest protector, Figuro 7, the pleuretic and pneumonic pad, shown in
Figuro S, and the throat and chest protector, Figure 9, may be of a similar
construction to that of the liver pad.

page_text: Figure 10 shows a spinal band applied; Figure 11 shows a knee-cap; and
Figure 12 a gout and rheumatic stocking.
In Figure 13 is shown a neuralgic cap. In all the above cases the thickness of
the layer or layers of silicate cotton should be between 1 and 3 of an inch,
according to the requirements of the case.
The silicate cotton should for the above purposes, by preference, be used in a
flaky form or condition and not broken up, and with this object in view the
silicate cotton should as and when produced be packed in boxes or casks and not
in bags. It should also be as free as possible from "shot" or granular parts.
The next part of my Invention refers to the application of slag wool to the
retaining of heat in utensils for containing hot food, such as workmen's dinner
cans, which I form of tin with double walls, the intermediate space being filled
with the silicate cotton.
Figure 14 is a sectional elevation of such a dinner can. Between the inner
walls E and the outer walls F I apply a layer of about 1/2 to 1 inch thickness.
I also form soldiers' flasks similarly with double walls and an intermediato
silicate cotton layer for keeping the liquid cool.
Figure 15 is a sectional view of such a flask; the intermediate layer of slag wool
may in this case be from 1 to 3 inch thick.
The silicate cotton used for the above jackets or intermediate spaces should be
packed firmly, but not so firmly as to unduly break the fibre of the material,
whereby its noncouducting properties would be impaired.
And having thus described the nature of this my Invention, and how the same
is or may be carried into effect, I declare that I claim,-
First. The application of silicate cotton to curative appliances, as set forth.
Second. The application of silicate cotton to outer jackets or between double
walls of vessels containing food or drink for retaining the heat therein or for
excluding the heat therefrom, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, tho said Daniel Henry Dade, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
DANIEL HENRY DADE. (L.S.)