Improvements in or connected with Cartridges, more especially Intended for Blasting Purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 19th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 4th Feb., 1899
PROVISIONAL DIECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Cartridges, more especially
Intended for Blasting Purposes.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been com-
municated to me by Actien-Gesellschaft Dynamit Nobel, of 1, Wallfischgasse 11,
Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,) to be as follows:--
The ordinary safety explosives used in cartridges only lead to satisfactory results
in practice when the cases, into which they are inserted, have been prepared so as
to fulfil the following requirements. The explosive must be relieved from any
external pressure; the case must be made waterproof so that the explosive material
contained therein is inaccessible to moisture; and the detonating impulse must be
transmitted from one cartridge to the next as rapidly as possible.
With a view to ensuring compliance with these conditions my foreign corre-
spondents have devised a cartridge case which on being filled with a safety explosive
may be utilized as an ordinary or as a compound cartridge either as a blasting cart-
ridge alone or both as a blasting and detonating cartridge.
The cartridge case according to this invention is preferably constructed of sheet
metal (such as zinc, galvanized or non-galvanized sheet-iron or any other metal)
though it may be made of other similar material and consists of a cylinder case
or tube (which I will refer to as a cylinder) closed at both ends by covers or caps
which, according to the nature of the material used in constructing the case are
either soldered to the cylinder or secured thereto by means of a metal or other ring
or ferrule forming an air and damp proof joint.
Instead of soldering both caps to the cylinder or-where some material other than
metal is used in the construction of the cartridge case-instead of making the said
caps fast on the said cylinder by other means, one only of the two caps may be
securely fixed to such cylinder, while the other cap may be made removeable."
The caps are perforated in their centres, the perforations of both being either
alike or different in size, and serving for the reception of a percussion or other
fuze, for example an electric fuze; and outside the periphery, of the central aperture
there may be provided a number of smaller perforations for ensuring the better
transmission of igniting impulse.
The caps are covered either inside or outside with a damp-proof adhesive sub-
stance or liquid cement, over which is applied a thin sheet of paper or other suit-
able fabric which thus firmly adheres to the cemented surface; and the outer side
of the paper or the like is also coated with a damp-proof adhesive material so that
the explosive contained in the case is thus effectually protected from the effects
of dampness, moisture and air, and its nature or chemical composition will undergo
no change even though it should be kept in store for a considerable period of time
under circumstances which would not otherwise be conducive to its preservation
in an undamaged state.

page_text: The construction of the cartridge case and of the cartridge itself is preferably
carried out in the following manner.
The caps may be soldered to the cylinder or otherwise secured to it for example
by means of a metal ring and suitable adhesive or packing material. To one of
the caps a sheet of material is fixed and this sheet is covered over with a damp-
proof adhesive substance as already described.
The explosive material is then filled in, (with or without the aid of a funnel)
through the central perforation of the cap which is not yet covered with a sheet
of paner or the like; and when this is done, the second cap in its turn has paper or
the like secured to it and is coated with adhesive material in the same manner as
the first cap.
When one cap is removable, the explosive is filled in at the end of the cylinder
which can thus be opened. The removable cap, after the cylinder has been filled,
is screwed in place or secured by means of a bayonet joint or otherwise, and then
protected from external influences by paper or the like and adhesive material as
herein before described.
When the finished cartridge is to be employed for detonating and blasting the
central perforation of the case now filled with explosive is forced open by the inser-
tion of a fuze which owing to lugs or tongues projecting from the edge of the central
aperture into the interior of the case is retained at any desired or predetermined
depth in the cartridge.
In the act of firing the cartridge, the flame finds its way through the paper cover
over the perforations so that. the igniting impulse of the detonating cartridge is
reliably and instantaneously transferred to any blasting cartridges which may have
been placed in the bore-hole in a line with such detonating cartridge, so that the
explosive force evolved is taken advantage of to the fullest extent.
The fulfilment of the condition named above in the first instance is particularly
assisted by the employment of sheet metal which, besides, affords the cartridges
better protection from becoming deformed.
.. 1000
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX.
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in or connected with Cartridges, more especially
Intended for Blasting Purposes.
I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by Actien-Gesellschaft Dynamit Nobel, of 1, Wall-
fischgasse 11, Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,) and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
The ordinary safety explosives used in cartridges only lead to satisfactory resulis
in practice when the cases, into which they are inserted have been prepared so as
to fulfil the following requirements.
The explosive must be relieved from any external pressure; the case must be
made waterproof so that the explosive material contained therein is inaccessible to
moisture; and
The detonating impulse must be transmitted from one cartridge to the next,
as rapidly as possible.

page_text: With a view to ensuring compliance with these conditions my foreign corre-
spondents have devised a cartridge-case which, on being filled with a safety
explosive, may be utilized as an ordinary or as a compound cartridge, either as a
blasting cartridge alone or both as a blasting and detonating cartridge at the same
time
The construction of a cartridge case according to this invention is illustrated
in the accompanying drawings in which, Figure I is an elevation partly in section,
of a case and Figure 2 a plan view. Figure 3 is a plan of the lid and Figure 4 is
a cross section of the same.
The cartridge-case A is preferably constructed of sheet metal (such as zinc,
galvanized or non-galvanized sheet-iron or any other metal), though it may be
made of other similar material.
The said case consists of a cylinder or tube (which I will refer to as a cylinder)
closed at both ends by covers or caps B, which, according to the nature of the
material used in constructing the case, are either soldered to the said cylinder A
(one at each end) or secured thereto by means of a metal or other ring or ferrule
forming an air-tight and damp-proof joint.
Instead of soldering both caps B to the cylinder A or-where some material
other than metal is used in the construction of the cartridge case-instead of making
the said caps fast on the said cylinder A by other means as aforesaid, one only of
the two caps B may be securely fixed to such cylinder, while the other cap may be.
made removable.
The caps are formed with central perforations as shewn at D and may be pro-
vided with lugs or tongues F projecting inwardly from their edges as shewn in
Figures 3 and 4, the said perforations in both caps being either alike or different
in size, and serving for the reception when required of a percussion or other fuze Z
as for example an electric fuze. Outside the periphery of the central aperture there
may be provided a number of smaller perforations d for insuring the better trans-
mission of igniting impulse.
of
The caps are covered either inside or outside or both inside and outside with a
damp-proof adhesive substance or liquid cement, over which is applied a thin sheet
paper or other suitable fabric E, which thus firmly adheres to the cemented sur-
face; and the outer side of the paper, or the like may be also coated with a damp-
proof adhesive material as shewn by dotted lines at e so that the explosive contained
in the case is thus effectually protected from the effects of damp, moisture and air,
and its nature or chemical composition will undergo no change even though it
should be kept in store for a considerable period of time under circumstances which
would not otherwise be conducive to its preservation in an undamaged state.
The construction of the cartridge case and of the cartridge itself is preferably
carried out in the following manner:
The caps B are first soldered to the cylinder A, or otherwise secured to it as for
example by means of a metal ring and suitable adhesive or packing material. To
one of the caps B, a sheet of material is secured and this sheet is covered over with
a damp-proof adhesive substance as already described. The explosive material is
then filled in with or without the aid of a funnel through the central perforation of
the other cap which has not yet been covered with a sheet of paper or the like;
and when this is done, the second cap in its turn has the paper or the like pasted
or otherwise secured to it and is coated with adhesive material in the same manner
as the first cap.
Where one cap is removable, the explosive is filled in at the end of the cylinder A
which can thus be opened. The removable cap, after the cylinder has been filled is
then screwed in place or secured by means of a bayonet joint or otherwise, and
then protected from external influences by paper or the like and adhesive material
as already described.
When the finished cartridge is to be employed for detonating and blasting-the
central perforation D of the case filled with explosive is forced open by the insertion
of the fuze Z which owing to the lugs or tongues F, projecting from the edge of the

page_text: central aperture D into the interior of the case, is retained at any desired or pre-
determined depth in the cartridge.
In the act of firing the cartridge, the flame finds its way through the paper or
the like cover over the perforations D and d, so that the igniting impulse of the
detonating cartridge is reliably and instantaneously transferred to any blasting
cartridges which may have been placed in the bore-hole in a line with such detonat-
ing cartridge, so that the explosive force evolved is taken advantage of to the fullest
extent.
The fulfilment of the condition named above in the first instance is particularly
assisted by the employment of sheet metal, which, besides, affords the cartridges
better protection from becoming deformed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A cartridge case which on being filled with explosive material can be used
either as a blasting cartridge, or as a detonating and blasting cartridge combined,
consisting of a cylinder A of sheet metal or similar material having caps such
as B soldered or otherwise secured one to each end, such caps being provided with
central perforations D with or without small perforations d, the perforations being
covered with a paper or other suitable fabric, and coated with a damp-proof adhesive
substance or liquid cement substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. In a cartridge case having the characteristics set forth in the preceding claim-
ing clause, the use of lugs or tongues such as F projecting into the interior of the
case from the edges of the central apertures 1) for the purpose of retaining in
position a fuze inserted into the cartridge substantially as described.
3. A modification of the cartridge case of the kind described in the first claiming
clause wherein one cap B is rigidly secured to the cylinder A, while the other cap B
is removable therefrom substantially as described.
4. The improved cartridges constructed substantially as hereinbefore described
and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of December 1898.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.