CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURING OF WOOLLEN CLOTHS
Year: 1830

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
CLISILD DANIELL, of Limpley Stoke, in the Parish of Bradford, in the County
of Wilts, Clothier, send greeting.
WHEREAS His late most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth
did, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Sixth day of February, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty, in the eleventh year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Clisild Daniel His special licence that I, the said Joseph
Clisild Daniel, my exors, admors, and assigns, and such other as I, the said
Joseph Chseld Daniell, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO THE
MANUFACTURING OF WOOLLEN CLOTHS;" in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso that I, the said Joseph Clisild Daniell, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said

page_text: Joseph Clisild Daniell, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described
and ascertained in manner following, that is to say :-
My said improvements in the Machinery applicable to the Manufacturing of
Woollen Cloths consist in the means represented in the two Sheets of Drawings
hereunto annexed (and which are herein-after particularly described, of
causing the teasles (or pointed wire cards or substitutes for teasles), with
which the revolving barrels of the machines called gig mills aro or may be
furnished, to move along and act upon the surface of the cloth at oblique
angles with the direction of the warp threads thereof during the operation of
dressing or raising the pile of the cloth by the gig mills, or during part of that
operation, in order that the teasles or substitutes for teasles may more effectually
raise the pile by acting in such oblique direction, sometimes from the left-hand
selvedge of the cloth to the right-hand selvedge thereof, and at other times
from the right-hand selvedge to the left-hand selvedge, and at other times, if
need be, 'acting in the manner usually practised in gig mills, strait along the
length of the piece of cloth parallel to the direction of its warp threads, the
object of my improvements being to enable the same gig mill to dress or raise
the pile of the cloth with an oblique action from right to left, and then by a
very easy change in the setting of the machinery to dress the piece of cloth
with the usual action straight along the piece if that is required, or by another
easy change in the setting of the machinery to dress the same cloth with an
oblique action from left to right, whereby the action of the teasles or substi-
tutes for teasles can at pleasure be made to operate in different directions on
the cloth during the different successive times that the cloth is submitted to
the action of the gig mill, and those different directions crossing each other
with opposite obliquity will more effectually dress and raise the pile of
the cloth than by an equal continuance of action straight along the cloth from
end to end, as heretofore practised, and obtain the effect of oblique action as
aforesaid by two different means; first, by mounting or suspending the revolving
barrel of the gig mill in a moveable frame, which will enable the said barrel
to be set with its length obliquily across the length of cloth, either with right
hand or left hand obliquily, the driving machinery by which the barrel is
turned round being adapted to communicate that motion to it when set obliquely
in either position; secondly, by fitting those boards on the revolving gig barrel
which support the teasles (or pointed wire cards or substitutes for teasles) to the
rims of the said barrel in such manner that the boards together with the teasles
(or substitutes for teasles) which are fastened to them, can move endways in a
direction parallel to the axis of the barrel without altering their distance from
that axis, and by suitable machinery the.said boards are moved endways either
from right to left or from left to right, as may be required, at the same time

page_text: this means the teasles or substitutes for teasles will be moved obliquely along
the length of the cloth during their action thereon, instead of moving straight
along the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS HEREUNTO ANNEXED.
Figure 1 is an end elevation, and Figure a horizontal plan of a gig mill,
constructed according to the first-mentioned of my improvements. Figures 3,
4, and 5 are detached views of parts thereof. The revolving barrel A, A, is-
mounted in a moveable sliding frame, so that it can, when required, be set
with its length obliquily across the length of the cloth. The barrel A, A, is
not fixed upon a central axis, as usual, but the circular rims on which the
teasle boards are fixed have no arms or centre pieces, being merely hoops, and
the gig barrel is only a hollow cylindrical reel. The horizontal axis B, B, is
supported at each end in bearings fixed to the frame of the machine in the usual
manner of other gig mills, and the axis is turned round in the usual manner
by wheelwork C, at one end of it. The axis B, B, passes through the whole
length of the hollow barrel without being any ways affixed thereto. The
barrel is supported at each of its ends independently of the axis on suitable
bearings of its own, which permit it to be set with its length obliquely across
the length of the cloth, although the axis B, B, stands square across the
same. The revolving motion of the axis B, B, is transmitted to the barrel by
suitable swivel links, which connect the axis to the hollow barrel at the middle
of its length, and within its circular hoops, in such manner as to permit the
hollow barrel to stand obliquely to the axis which passes through the interior
of it. The hollow revolving barrel A, A, is supported at each end upon
circular rings D, D, which enter into the ends of the barrel, and it turns round
upon them with rollers to diminish the friction. The rings D, D, have short
stumps (d, d,) projecting out horizontally from them, to unite to corresponding
stumps projecting out from curved sliding plates e, e, which are fitted down
upon suitable flat surfaces at top of the fixed sides E, E, of the frame of the
gig mill, in such manner as that the curved sliding plates, together with the
rings D, D, which they support, are capable of sliding in directions conform-
able to supposed circles, whereof the imaginary centre is situated in the centre
line of the hollow barrel A, at the middle of the length thereof. The curved
sliding plates e, e, are firmly retained upon the top surfaces of the fixed sides E
by suitable pieces, which are screwed down on those surfaces so as to overlap
the edges of the curved sliding pieces, and form grooves (either dovetailed or
rebated), in which the curved sliding pieces can move freely in the direction

page_text: of the supposed circle aforesaid, but are firmly retained laterally from any
departure from that supposed circle, and also from any departure from the
"plane of that supposed-circle; wherefore the stumps d, d, of two rings D, D,
being bolted to the stumps of the curved sliders e, e, the said rings D, D, will
be firmly supported and enabled to sustain the revolving barrel A, A; and in
all cases every part of the circumference of each of the rings D, D, will
preserve an invariable distance from the supposed central point at the centre
line of the hollow barrel at the middle of the length thereof, which is the
*centre of curvation for the sliding pieces e, e. A groove is formed around the
outer edge of each of the rings D, D, to receive the edges of a number of
small revolving rollers f, f, and corresponding grooves are formed within side
of the circular hoops F, F, at each end of the revolving barrel A, A, see
Figure 3. The interior of those hoops is much larger than the exterior of the
rings D, D, in order to leave room between them for the small rollers f, f, six
or eight of which are distributed around each of the rings D, D, at equal
distances apart; and by the circumferences of those rollers entering into the
grooves around the outside circumferences of the rings D, D, and also into
the grooves within the interior of the hoops F, F, the revolving barrel A, A,
is supported and firmly retained upon the rings, as well endways as in its
circular path, although it is freely at liberty to revolve, and then the rollers
travel round about the rings D, D, with a slower motion than the barrel
revolves. The rollers f, f, are kept at equal distances apart around the
rings D, D, by means of a flat circular ring G, G, at each end of the barrel A,
and six or eight pins are fixed into each ring G to serve as center pins for the
several rollers. The rings G, G, also cover up the spaces between the
rings D, D, and the hoops F, F, at the ends of the barrel, and prevent the
entrance of dirt into the grooves, in which the edges of the revolving rollers f,f,
travel. The rings G, G, are at liberty to turn round as the travelling motion of the
rollers require. The curved sliding plates e, e, which sustain the rings D, D, are
moved at pleasure in their grooves upon the top of the sides E, E, of the main
frames, by means of racks H, H, one connected with each slider, and these racks
are operated upon by two pinions h, h, which are both fixed on one common
axis I, extending nearly horizontally from one end of the machine to the other, and
having a handle on one or both ends, for the persons who attend the machine
to turn it round by, one of the racks H applied above its corresponding
pinions h, and the other rack below its pinion, see Figure 2; consequently
when the two pinions h, h, are turned round both together by the handle
(or handles) on their common axis I, one of the curved sliding plates e, with
its ring D, together with that end of the barrel A, A, which is sustained

page_text: thereby, will be moved backwards, whilst the opposite sliding plate e, its ring
D, and the end of the barrel A, will be moved forwards through an equal
space, so as to place the hollow barrel, A oblique to its axis B, B, as shewn in
Figure 2. Nevertheless the centre line, of the barrel and that of the axis will
always intersect each other at the supposed central point in the middle of their
lengths where the centre of curvation of the sliding plates e, e; is situated.
The connection between the axis B, B, and the hollow barrel a, a, for the
purpose. of turning the latter round, is also at the middle of their lengths. . A.
cross L, L, is fixed fast upon the middle of the axis B, B, see Figure 4, and
the ends of its four arms which radiate from the axis are connected by four
links a, a, with joint pins at four, equal distant. points in the interior of the
circular hoop K, at the middle of the length of the barrel. Note, the four
links a, a, must be jointed to the. ends of the cross L, L, and also to the circular,
hoop K, with joints capable of universal motion in every direction, in order.
that the links may accommodate themselves to any deviation that there may be
between the circular patch in which the leading ends of the link move (viz.,.
those ends which are jointed to the ends of the cross) and the circular patch
in which the following ends of the same links move, viz., those ends which are
jointed to the hoop K,. within the hollow barrel, because whenever the barrel
is set obliquely the planes of those two circulars paths will intersect each other,
at an oblique angle; also the said links should have a little play in their joints
to allow them to shorten a little as they approach the position where the two
circular paths intersect: Or otherwise the said connection may be made by,
an universal joint similar to the gimbals used for suspending a mariner's com
pass, see Figure 5. Two arms L, L, are fixed on the axis B, each terminating
in a cylindrical pin a, a, which is fitted into a suitable bearing or socket. which
are formed at opposite points of a ring X, of less diameter than the hoop K.
of the hollow barrel, so as to be included therein without touching; and two
cylindrical pins r, r; which project, inwards, from that hoop towards, the
centre thereof, are. received into sockets formed in the ring ✗, at two points of
its circumference exactly intermediate between the other. sockets for the pins
a, a, at the ends of the arms L, which are fixed to the axis. The pins should
have a little liberty of and play in their sockets. The remaining parts, of the
gig mill may be constructed in the usual manner, and, having no connection
with my improvements, do not require a minute description. The cloth may
be presented to the action of the teasles (or substitutes for teasles) with which
the revolving barrel is cloathed by passing between horizontal rollers, the ends
of the piece of cloth being fastened together in order that it may circulate
continually through the machine, so as to be dressed again and again from

page_text: end to end until the pile is sufficiently raised. 1 and 2 are the pair rollers
for drawing the cloth slowly forwards over the revolving gig barrel, and 3 is a
pressing roller loaded with a sufficient weight to hold the cloth in close con-
tact with the other rollers 1 and 2, which are turned slowly round by wheel-
work. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 is the guide roller which conducts the cloth to the
revolving gig barrel, and 10 is a small pressing roller which can be set in
different positions in order to bring the cloth more or less round the circle of
the barrel. 11, 12, 13 is an endless cloth, extending under the machine to
carry the loose cloth from the back of the machine to the front. The mill may
be made to wind the cloth around a horizontal roller, and to draw it off there-
from over the gig barrel by winding it up upon another horizontal roller in
the manner usually practised in gig mills, if the clothier prefers that to the
other mode of uniting the ends of the piece together to circulate perpetually.
My improvements are equally applicable to either way of presenting the cloth
to the action of the teasles (or substitutes for teasles), which are applied on the
outside of the revolving barrel in the usual manner, and the operation of
raising the pile is conducted in the usual manner, with no other variation than
that of setting the revolving barrel with its length obliquely across the breadth
of the cloth, instead of square across the same. That setting of the barrel is
done by merely turning the handle or handles of the pinions h, h; and when the
cloth has been sufficiently dressed with oblique action in one direction the
barrel I may (by turning the handles of the pinions h, h,) be set with an opposite
direction of obliquity in order to complete the dressing, or it may be, if
required, be set square across to dress straight along the cloth in the usual
manner without any obliquity of action.
Figure 6 is an end elevation, and Figure 7 a front view, of part of another gig
mill, also constructed according to the first-mentioned of my improvements.
The revolving barrel A, A, is fixed fast upon its horizontal axis B, B, and is
in every respect the same as usual in common gig mills, and in like manner
it is cloathed with teasles (or substitutes for teasles). The axis B, B, is sup-
ported in bearings at each end, but those bearings, instead of being immoveably
fixed to the frames E, E, are formed on curved sliders e, e, which are fitted
into grooves upon the tops of the ends E of the fixed frame, so as to be
capable of moving therein by the aid of two racks H, H, and two pinions fixed
on a common axis I, I, which has a handle at each end to turn the pinion by.
Note, these are not shown in Figures 6 and 7, being the same as those
already described in the former machine, with no other difference except that
the carriages or bearings for the axis B, B, are carried by the curved sliders
e, e, instead of being fixed to the frame; therefore, by turning the handles of

page_text: the axis I, and pinions h, h, the revolving barrel A, A, can be placed obliquely
across the cloth, in the same manner and for the same purposes as before
stated respecting the other machine, with no other difference except that the
axis B, B, is set obliquely as well as the barrel A, A. The barrel A, A, is
turned round by means of the following wheel work. A bevil wheel C is fixed
on one end of the axis B, and is turned by a smaller bevil wheel M, fixed on the
lower end of an inclined axis N, which rises up over the barrel A, A, and has
a bevill wheel o at the upper end of it, which is turned by another bevilled
wheel P, fixed on the lower end of the axis Q, which stands over the centre
of the barrel A, A, at the middle of its length, so that the centre line of the
axis being prolonged downwards would pass through that supposed central
point which is the centre of curvation for the sliders e, e; consequently, when
the barrel is placed obliquely, its horizontal axis B, B, and its bevil wheel C,
will in all cases preserve the same relative position in respect to the axis Q,
and its bevil wheel P. The bearings for the inclined axis N are supported in
an arched frame R, R, which rises up from the curved sliders e, c, over the
gig barrel A, A, the arch rising to a sufficient height above the same to permit
the cloth to pass under it. The top of the arched frame R, R, also supports
the step for the pivot at the lower end of the axis Q. The power of the mill
work to turn the gig mill may be applied in any convenient manner to the
axis Q, or to the bevil wheel P; and that power will be transmitted to the axis
B of the barrel A, when it is placed obliquely as well as when it is placed
square across the length of the cloth. The arched frame R, R, should spread
out with two legs at each end to stride over the bearings for the axis. B, B,
and fasten to the ends of each.of the curved sliders e, (see Figure 6), which
sliders must be of a sufficient length and substance to make a firm base on
which the arched frame R, R, will stand securely, and support the stress of the
wheel work without shaking. Note, if more convenient the bevil wheel work
and the axes M, N, O, P, and Q, and the arched frame R, R, for supporting
it, may be placed beneath the revolving barrel instead of above the same. The
clutch box for disengaging the motion of the barrel A, A, may be applied to
the bevilled wheel P, so as to unite that wheel or disunite it from the axis Q
at pleasure, or otherwise. It may be applied to the bevil wheel C, or to the
bevelled wheel by which motion is given from the millwork to the bevilled
wheel P. The motion for turning the rollers by which the cloth is drawn
forwards over the gig 'barrel may be derived by the bevil wheel P, or by any
other suitable wheel work from the axis Q, and be transmitted therefrom by
means of an inclined axis extending down to the frame of the gig mill at the
end opposite to the end where the wheelwork C, M, N, is placed, and giving

page_text: motion to the wheelwork for turning the rollers by a bevel wheel at the lower
end of that inclined axis. The bearings for that inclined axis must be sup-
ported by the fixed framing of the gig inill, and not by the arched frame R; R,
because that axis is not intended to partake of the obliquity of the axis B; B,
of the barrel, or the motion for turning the rollers may be communicated to
an endless strap from a suitable pulley on the axis Q. For such gig mills as are
usually driven by endless belts or straps without toothed wheels, the axis Q niny
have a large pulley fixed upon it in place of the bevil wheel P; and the endless
strap, after passing round that pulley, may be conducted by two small guide
pulleys supported by the arched frame R, R, to pass round another
large pulley fixed on the end of the horizontal axis B of the gig barrel
A, A, in place of the bevil wheel C, the said small guide pulley's being sup-
ported in such positions by the arched frame R' as will lead both parts of the
strap properly from the horizontal to the vertical direction, and guide it con-
formably to the positions of the two large pulleys at P and at C respectively.
Or a mill gig, constructed according to my improvements, may be 'driven by
an endless strap by using a bevil wheel on the axis B of the barrel at C, to lie
turned by a smaller bevil wheel on the lower end of an upright axis supported
by the arched frame R, R, and at the upper end of that axis' fixing a pulley to
receive the endless strap which works on the pulley at P..
Figure 8, Sheet 2, is a front elevation, and Figure 9 is an end section, of
part of another gig mill constructed according to the second-mentioned of my
improvements, for the boards of the revolving barrel (on which boards the
teasles or substitutes for teasles are fastened) are moved endways in the
direction of their lengths at the same time that they revolve with the barrel,
and thereby the teasles (or substitutes for teasles) are moved obliquely along
the length of the cloth during their action thereon, instead of moving
straight along the cloth. The revolving barrel A, A, with its axis B, B, is
constructed in the usual manner of common gig mills, except that the longi-
tudinal boards x, y, x, y, on which the teasles (or substitutes for teasles) are
to be applied and fastened (by the usual mode of fastening) are not fixed to
the circular rims of the barrel A, A, but are fitted thereto with rollers to act in
the manner of sliders, in order to permit the boards to move freely endways in
the direction of their lengths, but without lateral deviation from that direction.
At one end of the barrel a circular disk D, D, is fixed; and supported im-
moveably by the framing E, E, of the machine. The axis B, B, of the
barrel, passes through the centre of the disk D, D, and has no connection
therewith. The disk D, D, though circular, is not a plane, but two portions
of its circumference are made winding or atwist on the edge, as represented

page_text: in the edge view, Figure 8; that is to say, one fourth part or quadrant of the
circumference which is uppermost, and another fourth or quadrant thereof
which is lowest, are vertical planes standing at right angles to the axis B, B;
but those quadrants are two distinct vertical planes parallel to each other, but
one plane is nearer to the end frame E, E, of the machine 'than the other. The
two intermediate fourths of quadrants of the circumference, viz., those betwéén
the highest and the lowest quadrants, are oblique or inclined planes which,
twist gradually from one of the aforesaid planes' to join the 'other plane with an
easy curvature at their junctures. A groove is formed. all round the circumi-
ference of the disk D, D, in the thickness of its edge. That groove partakes
of the aforesaid obliquity of the' front and back quadrants of the circumferencė
and the deviation thereof from vertical planes, but every part of the groove is
equally distant from the central line of the axis B, B. Sliders are adapted to
travel round in this groove, in order that they may, when passing along the
obliqué portions of the groove, give the necessary endway motion to the longi-
tudinal boards x, x, of the revolving barrel, that endway mótion being trans-
mitted from the sliders to the boards a, a, by means of levers h, h, which are
moveable about centre pins or joints fixed to the axis B, B," which joints form
the fulcrums or centres of motion of the levers h, h, whilst the outer ends thereof
are received into openings in the ends of the boards x, x. The shanks of the
levers are bent so as to reach over the edge of the disk D, D, and a spur or
hooked part of each lever projects over tlie groove around 'the edge of the disk,
and enters into a socket formed in one of the sliders. There is one such lever
and slider for every alternate longitudinal board x, x. To give the endway.
motion thereto, as before mentioned, the other intermediate boards y, y, are
at the same time moved endways in a contrary direction to the boards x, x, by
means of levers H, H, situated behind the longitudinal boards x and y within
the revolving barrel. There is one such lever for each pair of boards x and y:
It is poised by the middle of its length on a centre pin, which is fixed into one
of those longitudinal rails d, which are fastened withinside the rims of the
barrel to unite the rims firmly to each other. One end of the levers His
connected by a linke with the longitudinal board a, and the other end of
the same lever H is connected by a similar link to the adjoining longitudinal
board y.
The effect of thus connecting every two adjoining longitudinal
boards x and y by a lever H, so that they will move endways with equal
motions; but in contrary directions, is to give the teasles (or substitutes for
teasles) a double obliquity of action upon the cloth to what they would have if
all the boards and y were moved endways by sliders in the groove of the
disk D, D; for instance, when a pair of longitudinal boards x and y arrive at

page_text: the upper part of the barrel, the slider belonging to the board x being in the
upper quadrant of the groove round the disk D (see Figure 8) at the part
where that groove is a plane, and at right angles to the axis B, B, then the
board will be quite to the left hand (see Figure 8), whilst the other board. y
is quite to the right hand. But when, by the resolution of the barrel, the
slider of the board has travelled round in the groove, and arrived at that
part thereof when its obliquity commences, the teasles (or substitutes for
teasles) carried by that pair of longitudinal boards will begin to operate on the
cloth, and during all the time of such operation the boards, together with the
teasles or substitutes for teasles carried by them, will move endways in opposite
directions, at the same time that they revolve around the axis B, B; for
instance, the board x is moved from left to right. by its lever h, and slides
travelling round in the oblique part of the groove of the disk D, D, and at the
same time the adjoining longitudinal board y is moved an equal and corre
sponding space from right to left by means of the connecting lever H, and
links e and f. Hence one-half of the teasles (or substitutes for teasles), viz.,
those carried by every 'alternate board x, are acting on the cloth with 'obliquity
to the warp threads thereof in one direction, and the other half of them, which
are carried by the intermediate boards y, are acting with contrary obliquity.
By these opposite actions of the teasles or substitutes for teasles, crossing each
other, the pile of the cloth is quickly and effectually raised. The longitudinal
boards x and y may be fitted to the rims of the revolving barrel in the manner
of dovetailed or rebated sliders, rollers r, r, being interposed between the
adjacent boards to diminish the friction of their endway motion. The rollers r
may turn on pins fixed fast into the rims of the barrel, and pointing to the
centre, the edges of the rollers being grooved to receive straight rulers of metal
which are fixed on the edges of narrow longitudinal boards W. Those boards
are fastened by screws behind the longitudinal boards x, y, which are adapted
in the usual manner to receive the teasles (or substitutes for teasles). As the
adjacent boards always move endways in opposite directions, the rollers 1,
which are interposed between them, are able to retain and support the
boards W, W, that are on the opposite side of their circumferences. The
back boards W, which are applied behind the usual boards x, y, give strength
thereto, and also by their narrow breadth leave sufficient intervals between
their edges to admit the rollers r. Note, the disk D, D, may be fitted loosely
'on a round part of the axis B, and it may be made fast to the frame E, E, by
bolts a, b, (see Figures 8 and 10,) projecting from an upright axis C, fastened
to the frame E. By turning the handle i of the axis C the bolts can be pushed
into holes in the collar of the disk D, so as to fasten it to the fixed framing

page_text: or they can be drawn out, to leave the disk at liberty.
By thus withdrawing
the bolts the disk may be turned half round upon the axis B, and then again
attached to the framing in that new position, whereby its action is reversed; or
otherwise the disk D may be supported and fixed to the frame E, E, of the
machine, by means of a hollow aris or tubular neck projecting out from the
centre of the disk, and entering into a collar or bearing fixed to the frame
E, E. the collar having suitable clamp screws or bolts to grasp and hold the
disk firm by its neck, without connection with the axis B, B, which passes
through the hollow of the said neck. By this means of supporting the disk
D, D, it may be turned round, if required, so as to bring any required part of
its groove opposite to that side or part of the circumference of the barrel over
which the cloth is submitted to the action of the teasles (or substitutes for
teasles); and also, if required, the tubular neck of the disk D, D, may be let
loose in its fixed collar so as to revolve freely therein, and then it will turn
round along with the revolving barrel, and will not give any endway motion to
the longitudinal boards, consequently the teasles or substitutes for teasles will
act on the cloth without obliquity, but will move straight along the length
thereof in the usual manner of common gig mills.
Figure 11 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 12 a transverse section, of part
of the revolving barrel of a gig mill, constructed according to my second im-
provement, but with different mechanism for moving the longitudinal boards x, y,
endways. The barrel itself, with its axis and its longitudinal boards, together
with the rollers, between which they are sustained, are the same as already
described; also the levers and links, by which every alternate board y is moved
endways in a contrary direction to that in which the adjacent board x is moved.
But in lieu of the disk with an oblique groove for moving the boards & endways,
an excentric circle D, Figures 11 and 12, is fixed to the frame E, E, of the
machine, without any connection with the axis B, B, which passes through
the excentric circle D, at a distance from the centre thereof. G, G, is a
circular ring which encompasses the excentric circle D, and turns round about
it along with the revolving barrel. To this ring G a number of radial
links t, t, t, are jointed, and they extend to the ends of as many bell cranks
or elbow levers S, whereof the elbows (which are the fulcrums) are supported
by suitable brackets projecting out from the arms of the end rim F, F; of the
revolving barrel, and the other ends of the elbow levers S are connected by
links I with the longitudinal boards x. When the revolving barrel is turned
round, the ring G, G, moving with it around the fixed excentric circle D,
gives an alternating motion to the bell crauk or elbow levers S, and the
links I transmit that motion to the longitudinal boards a, so that each board

page_text: is moved endways once backwards and forwards again during one turn of the
barrel. The action on the cloth is the same as before described. The ring G
of the excentric is compelled to turn round about the excentric D along with
the barrel by a link W, extending from the end of an arm a, which projects
out from the ring G, and the other end of the link wis jointed to any part of
the revolving barrel. The link w does not confine the ring G in any way,
except to cause it to turn round with the barrel. The joints by which the
links t, t, are united to the ends of the elbow levers S, must be universal joints
capable of moving freely in every direction, and the elbow levers S should
have axles of sufficient length to cause them to move with steadiness without
lateral deviation from the places in which they are situated. The excentric
circle D may be supported by a tubular neck, entering into a stationary socket
fixed to the frame E, which socket can be made grasp the neck, so as to
hold the excentric fast in any required position, or else to allow it to turn
round freely in the same manner, and for the same purposes as before described
of the disk D, Figure 8, or it may be attached by bolts a, b, as shewn in the
Figure 11. The excentric circle D should be so placed and fastened by
holding its neck in the collar, that the longitudinal boards carrying the tensles
(or substitutes for teasles) will arrive at the middle of their course of endways
motion at the time when they are at the middle of that portion of their circular
course during which they act on the cloth by the revolving motion of the barrel.
Figure 3 is an end view of part of a revolving barrel, to explain another
mode of obtaining the necessary endway motion of the longitudinal boards.
According to my second improvement, each of the boards a is moved by a
connecting rod I, from a separate crank situated at one end of the barrel,
those cranks being formed upon as many distinct axes S, S, S, which radiate
from the centre of the barrel, and are all turned round together by connecting
wheelwork T, T, T, G, G, from a dead or immovable wheel D; that is fixed
concentric with the axis of the barrel, the bearings for those axes S, S,
which have the cranks upon them, being supported by the ring and arms of
the circular rim F, F, at one end of the barrel, and going round therewith.
The longitudinal boards and y are fitted to the several rims of the barrel, so
as to be capable of sliding endways parallel to the axis thereof, as before
described; and also every alternate board is made to move endways in a
contrary direction to the adjacent boards by levers and links, as before described.
S, S, S, are the crank axes radiating from the centre of the barrel, one axis and
crank being opposite to each of the longitudinal boards x, a long connecting
rod I, which extends from each crank along the back of the board a, being
jointed thereto. The board is moved endways once backwards and forwards
:

page_text: again for every turn that the crank makes. T, T, T, are bevel wheels, by
which the crank axes S are made to turn each other round. Two of the axes S
are made longer than the others, in order that they may reach nearer to the
axis B, B, of the barrel than the others, and they have bevil wheels G, G, fixed
upon them at the extreme ends next the axis B, B, of the barrel. The teeth of
the two bevel wheels G, G; are engaged by the teeth of the bevil wheel D, of
half the size, which is fixed immoveable, by a tubular neck and hollow socket,
to the frame E of the gig mill. The wheel D is concentric with the
axis B, B, of the revolving barrel, and its plane is at right angles thereto.
When the barrel is turned round, the large wheels G, G, circulate round
about the small fixed wheel D, and the wheels G, G, are thereby turned
round about their own centres, together with their axes S, S, and the cranks
thereon. That motion is transmitted by the wheels T, T, T, to all the other
axes S, S, and cranks, at the same time, and by their, several connecting
rods I, I, they move the longitudinal boards a endways once backwards and
forwards again at every turn that the revolving barrel makes about .its
axis B, B. The wheelwork T, T, T, T, G, G, D, must be so put together
that each crank will carry that longitudinal board a to which it belongs to
the middle of its course of endway motion, at the same time that the same
board has arrived at the middle of that portion of its circular course during
which the teasles (or substitutes for teasles which it carries) act on the cloth
by the revolving motion of the barrel. The dimensions of the several parts of
gig mills which are to be constructed according to my improvements must be
regulated according to the scale usually followed by the makers of such
machines, for no material deviations from the customary dimensions will be
required on account of my improvements being applied, neither will any
alterations be required in the mode of drawing forwards the cloth by rollers to
submit it to the action of the revolving barrel, nor in the mode of applying and
fastening the teasles or wire cords or other substitutes, for teasles to the
longitudinal boards of the revolving barrels. For all those parts any of the
usual modes most approved may be followed, and being no part of my Inven-
tion need not be described herein.
.
And I do hereby declare that what I claim as my Invention is the
means herein-before described of causing the teasles or whatever may be
used in gig mills as substitutes for teasles to move along the cloth obliquely
to the direction of the warp threads thereof, during the action of raising
the pile, or during part of that action, that is to say, by placing the
revolving barrel with its length obliquely across the length of the cloth, with
the means of reversing that obliquity, from right to left, or from left to right

page_text: at pleasure, as herein-before described. The said revolving barrel, being
turned round by a central axis which has no connection with the barrel
except at the middle of its length, and which axis is so connected at that
middle part that the barrel may be set obliquely either way, although the axis
always continues square across the length of the cloth, and yet so connected
that the said central axis will always communicate the power to turn the barrel
round, or otherwise by applying wheelwork or endless belts to transmit
motion to turn the barrel round from an axis placed over or under the middle
of the length of the barrel in such manner as to communicate motion to it,
when it is placed obliquely either way, as herein-before described, or else by
causing the longitudinal boards of the revolving barrel to slide endways in the
direction of their length, or parallel to the axis of the barrel, in order that the
teasles or whatever may be used as substitutes for them may move or be
carried during their action on the cloth towards the edges thereof from right
to left, or from left to right, at the same time that they are carried along the
length of the cloth by the circular motion of the barrel around its axis, so as
by the combination of the two motions to obtain an oblique action on the
cloth. The necessary endway motion of the said longitudinal boards may be
produced either by an oblique or winding, groove round the circumference of
a fixed circular disk, or else by a fixed excentric circle, or else by several
cranks situated at the end of the barrel, and turned by wheelwork from a
fixed wheel, as herein-before fully described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Clisild Daniell, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty.
JOSEPH CLISILD (L.s.) DANIELL.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourth day of August, in the
year of our Lord 1830, the aforesaid Joseph Clisild Daniell came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and thirty.