IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CUTTING, SIFTING, SEPARATING, BRUISING, SACKING, AND PREPARING STRAW AND OTHER VEGETABLE FIBROUS SUBSTANCES.TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VARIOUS KINDS OF PAPER, AND ALSO FOR PREPARING FOOD FOR CATTLE
Year: 1865

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cornes and William Simpson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
7th February 1865.
We, JOHN CORNES, of Ilford, in the County of Essex, Engineer, and
WILLIAM SIMPSON, of Chilton House, Rosherville, near Gravesend, in the
County of Kent, Paper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CUTTING, SIFTING, SEPARATING, BRUISING,
SACKING, AND PREPARING STRAW AND OTHER VEGETABLE FIBROUS SUBSTANCES.TO BE
EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VARIOUS KINDS OF PAPER, AND ALSO FOR
PREPARING FOOD FOR CATTLE," to be as follows:
The first part of this Invention relates to an improved machine for cutting
chaff, and consists of the following mechanical arrangements :-The fly wheel
shaft is carried on a wood, cast or wrought iron frame. At the back of the
fly wheel on which are fixed two or more cutting knives there are a pair of
bevil pinions loose on the fly wheel shaft, but with a clutch; on the inside of
a rack a corresponding double-faced clutch is placed between these pinions;
said clutch slides on a feather let into the shaft, and is moved by a lever
placed close to a box and convenient. for a man to feed, the machine. When
this lever is in a vertical position both pinions are out of gear, and by moving

page_text: said lever to either side it fastens one or other of the two pinions on the
fly wheel shaft, one pinion being employed to bring the feed forward and
the other for taking it back. These pinions gear into a bevil wheel of
about three to one; the loose pinions are kept in gear by collars at the back.
The aforesaid bevil wheel is keyed on a shaft placed at right angles to the
fly wheel shaft, but in the same horizontal plane, and supported by two bearings
on the frame. On the outer end of the bevil wheel shaft a spur pinion is
placed, for driving two spur wheels, one on each side thereof; this pinion
and wheels may be varied in size to cut different lengths of chaff. The two
spur wheels aforesaid are keyed on to the shafts of the rollers placed below;
these two rollers have fixed centres. Two connecting wheels are also keyed
on these shafts inside the frame, and gear with two corresponding wheels
placed on the upper roller shaft, the ends nearest the wheels have fixed centres;
and the motion is continued to the box by double universal jointed shafts to
allow for the rising and falling of the upper rollers as the feed may vary.
The principal features of novelty in this machine consist in placing the
two upper rollers at each end of two small beams, one on each side of the
box; a shaft passes through their centres, on which revolves a loose roller.
On the extreme ends of this shaft are placed two vertical bars or links
passing below the box to the double leverage; the weight at the end of the
levers forming the stay between them.. The rollers are of the tooth kind. I
also form the cutting knives of a convex form, and either with knife or
serrated edges as may be thought best. The fly wheel is encased by a
circular wood or iron casing, the front side being loose to allow of knives being
changed or sharpened. On the periphery of the wheel are placed six or more
arms or fan blades, which as the chaff is cut lift the straw into a shoot placed
in the upper part of the casing; this is accomplished partly by the blast
acquired by the revolution of the fan blades, and also by the force of the blow
given to the straw. By these means the separation of the knots or any
grain left in the straw is accomplished. Hoppers are made to receive these
separations, the chaff being delivered into a mill for bruising the straw and
removing the silica from it.
נ' ז'
'
This machine or mill, which forms the second part of these improvements,
consists of two cast-iron discs mounted on suitable framing. These discs
are faced with hardened steel grooved plates; one plate being fixed and
the feed admitted through its centre; the other plate revolves, the axis being
placed excentric to the aforesaid fixed plate. The discharge of the straw
after passing between the disc plates is effected round the outside edges.
The running plate is fitted with an adjustment at the end of its respective

page_text: shaft to set the plates together. Six flyers or fans are placed round the
outer edge of the running plate, the whole being encased in the same way
as the chaff cutter wheel before described. The bruised chaff is forced into
a shoot from the top of said casing, said shoot terminating in a hopper, where
the sacks are placed to receive it.
The above improved machinery is well adapted for cutting, sifting, separa-
ting, bruising, sacking, and preparing straw and other vegetable fibrous
substances suitable to be employed in the manufacture of of paper, and also
for preparing food for cattle.