Improvements in Lamps or Apparatus for Burning Hydro- carbon Oils.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th May, 1990-Accepted, 28th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps or Apparatus for Burning Hydro-
carbon Oils.
I, ROBERT LAVENDER of 271 Victoria Park Road, South Hackney, London,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
°
My improvements have reference to a new construction of burner, and in connection
therewith, to certain improved methods of constructing lamps and other appliances for
burning hydro-carbon oils.
My improved burner is in part an adaptation of what are called the "Argand" and
the "Bunsen" burners in combination with certain improvements of my own: the
effect of which is that currents of air are brought so thoroughly into contact with the
oil vapours or hydro-carbon particles that a practically complete combustion is
effected.
«
"
"
The method of carrying this out is as follows:-I take an annular or Argand
gas burner, over which I place a cap, (which is an adaptation of the "Bunsen
burner), having a central orifice so adjusted as to size in relation to size of the air
passages of the burner, that before the flame generated by the burner can pass
through the orifice it is completely intermixed with and impregnated by air currents
coming through the central tube and the annular channel which surrounds the wick
chamber of the burner; with the result that a flame is caused in the centre and
another on the outside of the wick, and owing to the contracted orifice in the cap,
these flames there unite and are concentrated, so that the flame issuing from the
orifice is pure and brilliant.
In some cases, and particularly for lamps requiring great lighting and heating
power, I may have more than one annular air passage in my improved burner.
In adapting my invention to moveable or table lamps, I dispose my burner at the
end of a horizontal arm, or in any convenient series of arms, and in such a relative
position that the oil supply reservoir is nearly on the same level as the burners; by
which means the wick is kept cool and practically free from charring; thereby
saving the continuous trimming incident to ordinary lamps. This oil supply reservoir,
being away from the burner and only connected therewith by a tube and an admission
tap, renders my lamps free from any danger of explosion. I also adapt my lamps so
that the arm or arms carrying the burners and the reservoir, can be elevated or
lowered upon the principle of a telescopic slide or otherwise.
My improved burners, being in all cases away from the supply reservoir, can be
fitted to the ends of pipes or tubes in the same manuer as gas burners.
In such cases
the supply reservoir can be placed in any convenient part of a building, or outside
such building.
Dated thin 20th day of Avant 1080
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps or Apparatus for Burning Hydro-
carbon Oils.
ROBERT LAVENDER of 271 Victoria Park Road, South Hackney, London Manu-
facturing Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My improvements have reference to a new construction of burner and in connection
therewith to certain improved methods of constructing lamps and other appliances for
burning hydro-carbon oila

page_text: "
My improved burner is in part an adaptation of the "Argand" and "Bunsen
burners in combination with certain improvements of my own, the effect of which is
that currents of air are brought thoroughly into contact with the oil vapours or hydro-
carbon particles.
To show clearly how my invention is carried out I furnish drawings in which
corresponding parts are represented by the same letters.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of my improved burner.
A is central air cylinder of Argand burner.
C is spiral groove on outside of A.
D is cylinder carrying the wick F and by means of pin B through slot of
cylinder G can be moved up and down in the way usually employed. E is a spiral
thread on inside of D. The cylinder D rests in its lowest position on inner flange T
of cylinder G which is placed in the oil well formed by outer cylinder H. Oil flows
.to the wick through slot in G. Two notches R, R are made on top of cylinder Gas
shown in Fig. 2. In these notches are placed L, L, pins attached to K a perforated
support for cap M, which cap has a central orifice N. P, P, are perforations in
support K and S is a perforated plate which however is not always absolutely
necessary, and can if desired be placed in the cap. O is chimney.
:
Fig. 2 is plan of top of cylinders D & G and wick F, showing notches R, R. The
spiral thread E on D need not be more than a quarter of a revolution.
When K is turned the tubes G and D also are turned and the spiral E moving on
spiral C causes the tube D with wick F to ascend or descend. This contrivance
however is no part of my invention and any method now in use may be adopted for
raising and lowering the wick.
The air passes through the perforations and is deflected by the cap M on to the
exterior of the flame, and owing to the contracted orifice N the flame is concentrated
so that issuing from the orifice it is very pure and brilliant.
More than one annular air passage can be employed in my improved burner.
The reservoir communicating to burner by pipe J may be placed in any convenient
position near to or remote from the burner provided that it is not at a lower level than
the junction of pipe J with the burner.
I do not limit myself to the forms here shown of the cap M and support K. The
cap and its support can if necessary be in one piece. It is essential to my invention
that air from without shall come into contact with every part of the outside of the
flame & that the orifice N in the cap should be constricted so as to concentrate the
inner and outer flames.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a lighting apparatus for the combustion of mineral or other oils the use and
manufacture of one or more burners in which the parts thereof are so constructed
and arranged as to provide for the air being conducted to the inner part of the flame
through a channel as in the "Argand" burner and to the outer portion of the flame
through a channel or into a chamber formed by a cap surrounding the wick and
extending above the same, so as to ensure the complete mixture of the air with
the volatilized oil below the upper surface or flame orifice of the cap.
2. In a lighting apparatus for the combustion of mineral or other oils the use and
manufacture of a cap extending above the surface of the burners or wick with the
flame orifice of such cap having dimensions so as to restrict in diameter the outer
surface of a flame which is supplied with air substantially as set forth in the preceding
claim.
3. The construction and use of a burner for the combustion of mineral or other oils
such as described in one or more of the preceding claims provided with a series of
inlets or one or more perforated plates or the equivalent thereof at the entrance of or
in the channel or channels for the air to the inner or outer or both the inner and

page_text: outer portions of the volatilizing and admixing chambers of the burner and to the
inner and outer portions of the flame.
4. In a lighting apparatus for the combustion of mineral or other oils the com-
bination of my improved burner with a reservoir placed at any convenient position
5 near to or remote from the burner at or slightly below the level of the burner.
Dated this 14th day of May 1890
W. H. MUNNS,
Agent for Applicant.