IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hardcastle, of Bradshaw Works, near
Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Bleacher, Dyer, and Calico
Printer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
Sealed the 9th October 1868, and dated the 23rd April 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hardcastle at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd April 1868.
I, THOMAS HARDCASTLE, of Bradshaw Works, near Bolton, in the
County of Lancaster, Bleacher, Dyer, and Calico Printer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF BOWLS FOR MANGLES, WASHING MACHINES, AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing bowls for mangles, washing
machines, and other purposes of cocoa-nut fibre, or coire or other fibres
of palm trees.
In making these bowls the fibres are first made into cakes or discs of
the requisite thickness and diameter in a mould and then slightly pressed.

page_text: These cakes are then placed on an iron centre and compressed in a
powerful hydraulic press, the ends of the bowl being secured by iron
washers as in cotton or paper bowls. The surface of the bowl is then
turned up in a lathe and polished.
These bowls are found exceedingly hard and durable, and not liable 5
to injury by moisture.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Hardcastle in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd October 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
HARDCASTLE, of the Bradshaw Works, near Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Bleacher, Dyer, and Calico Printer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Hardcastle, Her special license
that I, the said Thomas Hardcastle, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Hardcastle, my exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BOWLS FOR MANGLES, WASHING MACHINES, AND OTHER
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Thomas Hardcastle, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE. that I. the said Thomas Hardcastle, do berchy declare

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):
The nature of my Invention consists in manufacturing bowls for
starching and other mangles, washing machines, squeezers, calenders
and other purposes of cocoa-nut fibre, or coir or other fibres of palm
trees.
In performing my Invention the fibres are first made into cakes or
discs of the requisite thickness and diameter in a mould, during which
operation it is found desirable to moisten or damp the fibres, and then
slightly pressed in a screw or other press of the usual construction.
These cakes or discs are then placed on an iron centre and compressed in
a powerful hydraulic press, the ends of the bowl being secured by iron
washers as now customary in making cotton or paper bowls. The
surface of the bowl is then turned up in a lathe and polished.
These bowls are found exceedingly hard and durable, and they are
not liable to injury by moisture.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim the application
of cocoa-nut fibre, or coir or other fibres of palm trees to the manufacture
of bowls for starching and other mangles, washing machines, squeezers,
calenders, and other purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hardcastle, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of October, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
THOMAS HARDCASTLE.
(L.S.)