IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING STONES AND OTHER HARD AND BRITTLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dalton, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engi-
neer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
BREAKING OR REDUCING STONES AND OTHER HARD AND BRITTLE SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 16th March 1877, and dated the 23rd January 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dalton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd January 1877.
GEORGE DALTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING STONES AND OTHER
HARD AND BRITTLE SUBSTANCES."
My Invention relates to that description of machinery or apparatus for breaking
or reducing stones and other hard and brittle substances in which the substances
under treatinent are operated upon between a stationary jaw and a moveable jaw,
and it consists,-
1st. In the employment for transmitting the motion from the rocking lever or
pitinan to the movable jaw of toggles, the length of which is capable of being varied
as required for the purpose of adjusting the space or distance between the stationary
jaw and the moveable jaw.
2ndly. In utilizing the toggles for drawing back as well as for advancing the
moveable jaw in order to admit of springs and other additional retractive devices
being dispensed with.
3rd. In fitting the toggle heads with detachable wearing parts capable when worn
of being removed and replaced by others.
According to one mode of carrying out the first part of my Invention, I make each
toggle in two or more lengths, and I employ a screw which is operated by a worm
and worm wheel with or without the aid of additional gearing, all carried by the
toggle in such a manner that under the action of the screw the lengths of which the
compound toggle is composed shall be forced apart to a greater or less distance, or
drawn into more or less close proximity, in order to vary the acting length of the
toggle as required.
According to another mode of carrying out the first part of my Invention, I con-
struct each toggle of two sets of links, the links of each set being connected together
at one end so as to form the toggle head, whilst their diverging ends are attached
respectively to two nuts fitted with a screw having right and left hand threads, by

page_text: operating which screw when it is required to adjust the length of the toggle, the
nuts are caused to approach or recede from each other, as the case may be, according
to the direction in which the screw is turned, and the acting length of the toggle
thereby increased or diminished as required.
According to a further mode of carrying out this part of my Invention, I employ
a conical or taper block arranged between the two lengths of the compound toggle,
so that by adjusting its position the lengths may be moved further apart from or
brought into closer proximity to each other. The two lengths are fitted so as to be
capable of sliding upon a connecting pin, and carry projections upon which rests a
bridge piece forming a bearing for a set or tightening nut.
In carrying out the second part of my Invention, I connect the heads of the
toggles to the movable jaw and to the rocking lever or pitman respectively by
means of cap pieces extending across and attached by screws or otherwise to the
same, so as to cause the toggles to draw back the moveable jaw, whilst at the same
time admitting of the heads of the toggles turning freely in their sockets. By
means of this arrangement I am enabled to dispense with the springs or other
additional contrivances ordinarily employed for the purpose, the toggles being
alone utilized as the medium for transmitting motion to the moveable jaw in both
directions.
In carrying out the third part of my Invention I make the body of the toggles of
ordinary cast iron, and form the acting portions of the heads of white cast iron,
steel, or other suitable hard material, and attach them to the body by dovetailing or
otherwise. The portions of the toggles which are exposed to wear are thus rendered
more durable, whilst at the same time facility is afforded for renewing those portions
when deteriorated without sacrificing the whole of the toggle.
If desired, removable wearing faces may also be inserted in the jaw, frame, and
rocking lever or pitman for the reception of the heads of the toggles.
It is obvious that the details of the various parts of the Invention may be modified
whilst still retaining the essential features herein-before described.
The Invention is also applicable to machines in which two movable jaws are
employed in lieu of one moveable jaw and one fixed jaw.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Dalton in [the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th July
1877.
GEORGE DALTON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING STONES AND OTHER
HARD AND BRITTLE SUBSTANCES."
My said Invention relates to that description of machinery or apparatus for
breaking or reducing stones and other hard and brittle substances in which the sub-
stances under treatment are operated upon between a stationary jaw and a movable
jaw, and it consists,-.
1st. In the employment for transmitting motion from the rocking lever or pit-
man to the movable jaw of togglés, the length of which is capable of being varied
as required for the purpose of adjusting the space or distance between the stationary
jaw and the movable jaw.
2ndly. In utilizing the toggles for drawing back as well as for advancing the
movable jaw in order to admit of springs and other additional retractive devices
being dispensed with.
3rd. In fitting the toggle heads and also the jaw, frame, and rocking lever or pit-
man at the parts where the toggle heads are situate, with detachable wearing parts
or facés capable when worn of being removed and replaced by others.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now pro-

page_text: ceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the
several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a sectional elevation of a machine having
some of the improvements which form the subject of my said Invention applied
thereto.
Figure 2 represents in detail on a larger scale a longitudinal section of a toggle
constructed according to one modification, and illustrating various parts of my said
Invention.
Figure 3 represents an elevation of a toggle constructed according to another
modification.
Figures 4 and 5 are sectional elevations taken respectively at right angles to each
other, and illustrating a further modification.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in which is illustrated one mode of carrying out the
first part of my said Invention, the toggle A is made in two or more (say two)
lengths a, b, and a screw c is employed which is operated by a worm d and worin
wheel e, with or without the aid of additional gearing f, all carried by the toggle in
such a manner that under the action of the screw the lengths a, b, of which the
compound toggle is composed, shall be forced apart to a greater or less distance, or
drawn into more or less close proximity, in order to vary the acting length of the
toggle as required, the screw c being prevented from turning by means of a key g
passing through it and the length a of the toggle. The space or distance between
the stationary jaw B and the movable jaw C may thus be varied as required by
varying the length of the toggle.
The toggle A may either be constructed in a similar manner or made in one piece,
as shewn.
Another mode of carrying out the 1st part of my said Invention is illustrated in
detail in Figure 3. According to this arrangement the toggle consists of two sets of
links a, b, the links of each set being connected together at one end so as to form the
toggle head h, whilst their diverging ends at i are attached respectively to two nuts k, k,
fitted with a screw 7 having right and left hand threads, by operating which screw
when it is required to adjust the length of the toggle, the nuts k, k, are caused to
approach or recede from each other, as the case may be, according to the direction in
which the screw is turned, and the acting length of the toggle thereby increased or
diminished as required.
According to a further mode of carrying out this part of my said Invention, which
is illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, I employ a conical or taper block c¹ arranged
between the two lengths a, b, of the compound toggle, so that by adjusting its posi-
tion the lengths may be moved further apart from or brought into closer proximity
to each other. The two lengths are fitted so as to be capable of sliding upon con-
necting pins m, m, and carry projections n, m, upon which rests a bridge piece o, the
latter forming a bearing for a set or tightening nut p, which works upon a screw q
forming one with the block c¹.
In carrying out the 2nd part of my said Invention I connect the heads h, h,
Figure 1, of the toggle A, to the movable jaw C and to the rocking lever or pit-
man D respectively by means of cap pieces extending across and attached by
screws 8 or otherwise to the same, so as to cause the toggles to draw back the
movable jaw, whilst at the same time admitting of the heads of the toggles turning
freely in their sockets. By means of this arrangement I am enabled to dispense
with the springs or other additional contrivances ordinarily employed for the pur.
pose, the toggles being alone utilized as the medium for transmitting motion to the
movable jaw in both directions. The heads h, h, of the toggle A¹ may also, if
desired, be connected to the rocking lever or pitman D and the frame E by cap
pieces and screws 8, as shewn.
In carrying out the 3rd part of my said Invention, which is illustrated in Figures
1, 2, and 4, I make the body of the toggles of ordinary cast iron, and form the acting
portions of the heads h, h, of white cast iron, steel, or other suitable hard material,
'

page_text: and attach them to the body either by dovetailing, as shewn in Figures 2 and 4, or
otherwise. The portions of the toggles which are exposed to wear are thus rendered
more durable, whilst at the same time facility is afforded for renewing those portions
when deteriorated without sacrificing the whole of the toggle.
If desired, removeable wearing faces may also be inserted in the jaw C, frame E,
and rocking lever or pitman D, as shewn at h¹, h¹, Figure 1, for the reception of the
heads h, h, of the toggles.
It is obvious that the details of the various parts of my said Invention may be
modified whilst still retaining the essential features herein-before described.
My said Invention is also applicable to machines in which the movable jaw is
operated from the actuating shaft through the intervention of a crank and con-
necting rod in lieu of directly by means of an eccentric, as shewn in the Drawing,
Figure 1; and also to machines in which two movable jaws are employed in sub-
stitution for one movable jaw and one fixed jaw if required.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I
would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
First. The employment for transmitting motion from the rocking lever or pitman
to the movable jaw of a toggle or toggles, the length of which is capable of being
varied as required, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
Secondly. Drawing back the movable jaw by means of the rocking lever or pit-
man through the intervention of the toggle or toggles employed for transmitting the
advancing motion to such jaw, substantially as herein-before described.
Thirdly. Fitting the toggle heads and those portions of the jaw, frame, and
rocking lever or pitman against which they act with detachable or renewable
wearing parts or faces, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Dalton, have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the said George Dalton in the
presence of
THO³. DALTON,
Solicitor,
GEORGE DALTON. (L.S.)
Leeds,