Improvements in Filters.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filters.
I, JOHN THOMAS HORNER, of 15, Cardozo Road, Holloway, London, N., Dairy-
mau, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to filters arranged for upward filtration and has for its
object the provision of means whereby I can remove at will during filtration
clogging materials of lighter specific gravity than the liquid carrying them and
which would otherwise serve to clog the filtering sieve or medium in the upward
filtration of such a liquid as milk.
I find that on such a liquid as milk, coagulating and elogging particles which
are always carried on the surface of the milk, tend to choke the under face of any
upward filtering support or medium and that they adhere thereto unless removed
by artificial means.
To carry my invention into effect I introduce into the lower part of any filter
case which receives the liquid such as milk to be filtered for upward filtration, a
funnel or cylindrical pipe rising upwards from an outlet tap to within a small
distance of the under-side of the filtering support or medium."
When there is a collection of clogging material upon the under side of the
filtering sieve or medium, I close a regulating cock in the supply and open the
suid outlet pipe. I thus get a discharge of the unfiltered liquid such as milk
collected from the surface of the unfiltered milk producing a current to the dis-
churge funnel under the surface of the filtering sieve or support and thus clearing
the same of the light clogging particles.
I inny repeat this partial discharge and clearing of the under surface of the
filtering sieve or medium, as often us may be necessary, by alternately closing
and opening the discharge and supply cocks as above described.
I find that this improvement increases the efficiency of an upward filtering
sieve or medium for milk as much as 3 or 4 times.
I have devised a convenient form of filter for milk and such like liquids to
which I adapt my special discharge funnel as above described.
I form the case as an open bowl, with a ledge fitted therein about two thirds
from the bottom over which I fix a disc of gauze. I find that a gauze sieve of 150
te 180 mesh has sufficient filtering effect upon milk, without addition of further
filtering media. I provide the mesh with a handle for conveniently lifting the
same, and I fix it firmly upon the said ledge by a pivotted bar above the howl and
a thumb screw tapped there through pressing upon the said handle bar.
Dated this 17th day of November 1896.
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Ageuts for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Filters.
I JOHN THOMAS HORNER of 15 Cardozo Road, Holloway, London, N., Dairy-
mau, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to filters arranged for upward filtration, and has for its
object the provision of means whereby I can remove at will, during filtration,
clogging materials of lighter specific gravity than the liquid carrying them, and
which would otherwise serve to clog the filtering sieve or medium in the upward
filtration of such a liquid as milk.
I find that in such a liquid as milk coagulating, and elogging particles, which
are always carried on the surface of the milk, tend to choke the under face of any
upward filtering support or medium, so that they adhere thereto, unless removed
by artificial means.
To carry my invention into effect I introduce into the lower part of any filter-
case, which receives the liquid, "such as milk," to be filtered, for upward filtra-
tion, a funnel or cylindrical pipe rising upward from an outlet tap to within a
small distance of the filtering support or medium..
When there is a collection of clogging material upon the under side of the
filtering sieve or medium, I close a regulating cock in the supply, and open th
said outlet pipe. I thus get a discharge of the unfiltered liquid, "such as milk,"
collected from the surface of tho unfiltered milk, producing a current to the dis-
charge funnel under the surface of the filtering sieve or support, and thus clearing
the same of the light clogging particles.
I may repeat this partial discharge and clearing of the under surface of th
filtering sieve or medium, as often as may be necessary, by alternately closing,
and opening the discharge, and supply cocks, as above described. I find that this
improvement increases the efficiency of an upward filtering sieve or medium for
milk as much as 3 to 4 times. I have devised a convenient form of filter for milk,
aud such like liquids, to which I adapt my special discharge funnel as above
described.
I form the case as an open bowl, with a ledge fitted therein about two-thirds
from the bottom over which I fix a disc of gauze--I find that a gauze sieve of 150
to 180 mesh has sufficient filtering effect upon milk without addition of further
filtering media-I provide the mesh with a handle for conveniently lifting the
same, and I fix it firmly upon the said ledge by a pivotted har above the bowl, and
a thumb-screw tapped therethrough pressing upon the said handle-bar.
And in order that my invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same with reference to the drawings hereto annexed, and to the letters
and figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1. is a side sectional elevation of the same.
Fig. 2 is a front outsido elevation of the same.
Fig. 3. is a plan of the same.
The milk or liquid for filtration is supplied by the pipe A controlled by a cock B
to the under chamber C of the filter.
Over this chamber is the filtering cap or medium D which is merely a gauze
sieve of suitable fineness, which I find to he attained by a sieve of 150 to 180 mesh.
This sieve is provided with strong transverse bands E clear above the sieve,
upon the junction of which pressure is applied to hold the sieve-cap down upon
its seating, and to make a joint thereon.
Such pressure is conveniently supplied by a thumb screw F tapped into a trans-

page_text: verse bar & pivotted on the filter frame at H, and engaging under a slotted notch K
at the other side.
The milk or other liquid, rising through the sieve-cap leaves under the said
sieve its impurities, such as heavy foreign matter, which falls by its own gravity
into the lower chamber C, and lighter matter, such as hair scurf, animal matter,
as in the case of milk, passes in a filtered condition to the upper part of the filter
chamber, and thonce by the spout M to any receptacle in a perfectly cleansed
condition.
The accumulation of coagulated matter upon the under side of the filter sieve D
will soon diminish the effective delivery of the Filter until it becomes absolutely
clogged.
To prevent this disadvantage, and to greatly increase the output of the filter, I
apply an internal open funnel N with its open mouth, of trumpet form or of other
conveniently widened aperture, situated close under the gauze sieve D, and connect
such funnel to a waste exit cock and passage P at the bottom of the filter case.
No soon as it is found that the filter is becoming clogged the supply tap B is
shut, and the waste cock P is opened, and the surface of the milk or other liquid in
the filter is allowed to drain off with a scouring action on the under surface of the
sieve D. It is found that the frequent removal of the coagulated matter, and
scouring of the under side of the sieve increases the efficiency of the filtor 3 to 4
times, and with little trouble, or attention to the filtering medium.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. In an upward current filter for milk or other liquids having clogging
impurities of light specific density, the combination with a lower and upper
chamber of the said filter of an interposed gauze sieve, as a filtering medium, and
a scouring waste funnel projecting from bottom of lower chamber with open
mouth, located immediately below the under surface of the gauze sieve, and com-
municating with a waste pipe controlled by a cock, substantially as described.
2nd. In an upward current filter for milk or other liquids, having clogging
impurities of light specific density, means for securing, and easy removal of the
gauze sieve consisting of an overhead swivel bar G, a slotted catch K, and a set
thumb-screw substantially as described.
3rd. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting an upward current
filter, for milk or other liquids having clogging impurities of light specific density,
provided with means for clearing the under surface of the Filter sieve substan-
tially as described and illustrated herewith.
FELL & JAMES,
J, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.