matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by Benjamin Crispin Simpson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1882.
BENJAMIN CRISPIN SIMPSON of Victoria Street in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS,
This invention consists of new and improved appliances whereby the globe or
shade, and chimney of any lamp can be raised so as to facilitate the lighting of
the lamp without the removal by hand as at present of the globe or shade,
and chimney.
Also of a slide or other opening in a diaphragm in the lamp through which the
oil or spirit can be put into the lamp. The invention may be performed by
supporting the gallery of the globe or shade and the holder of the chimney each on
a telescopic cylinder in which their shall be apertures for the convenience of lighting,
or by slide posts working in grooves, said cylinder or slide posts supporting the
globe or shade, and those supporting the chimney being hereinafter designated the
outside and inside slides. An interior, horizontal and annular projection of the
outside slide overlaps and rests upon an interior, horizontal and annular projection
of the inside slide so that the raising of the inside slide shall also lift the outside
slide, but the lowering of the inside slide shall not affect the position of the outside
slide. Attached to the inside slide there may be a ratchet, which shall be actuated
by a cog-wheel and pinion, the said pinion extending to an actuating button outside
the lamp.
To light the lamp both slides and their respective chimney and globe are raised by
the rotation of the actuating button so that the wick or wicks can be conveniently
lighted when by the reverse rotation of the actuating button the chimney supported
by the inside slide can be lowered. The light having been regulated the outside
slide is lowered by pressure upon the globe or shade or otherwise lowered by
mechanical means.
The lamp is filled through a slide opening in a horizontal diaphragm which closes
the interior of the cylindrical case in which the slides work, through said opening
the oil or spirit can be poured into the reservoir of the lamp when both slides are
raised by the actuating button.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR, CONNECTED WITH VALVES FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF STEAM AND FOR a communication to SEPARATING STEAM FROM WATER AND OTHER ADMIXTURES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jasper Wetter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by Jules Jean Godet, of Paris, France.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
OR
JASPER WETTER, of New Wandsworth, Surrey,
CONNECTED WITH VALVES FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF STEAM AND FOR
a communication to
SEPARATING STEAM FROM WATER AND OTHER ADMIXTURES
me from abroad by Jules Jean Godet, of Paris, France,
33
This invention has for its object to separate impurities or water from steam, but
may also be applied to valves for maintaining a constant pressure in steam pipes.
It consists in placing in front of the inlet opening (and inside the valve box) a
screen, and forming at the side of the valve seat a deep pocket, so that the arriving
fluid does not flow immediately towards the valve seat, but is deflected and deposits
Also in
its impurities in the valve-box before passing through the valve opening.
attaching to the top of the valve an expansible receptacle preferably made of sheet
metal, and containing water or other suitable fluid, the top of the said receptacle
being attached to a hollow screw spindle passing through the cover of the valve-
box, and communicating with the interior of the receptacle through a perforation
in the top of the latter. The receptacle is preferably made in the shape of bellows,
so as to have a large heating and cooling surface. If the valve-box contains chiefly
water, the temperature is lowered and the receptacle contracts, thereby lifting the
valve from its seat and allowing the water and air to escape; if steam arrives, the
temperature rises, the receptacle expands and closes the valve. For regulating
steam-pressures, double-beat valves are preferably used, and the steam enters from
below the valve, the receptacle being placed in the chamber of reduced pressure.
The position of the valve can be regulated by means of the spindle screwed through
the valve-box cover and closed at the top by a washer and screw.
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKUP STANDS FOR BOTTLES AND OTHER SIMILAR RECEPTACLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Ridge at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1882.
JOSEPH RIDGE of Sheffield in the County of York Manufacturer
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKUP STANDS FOR BOTTLES AND OTHER
SIMILAR RECEPTACLES"
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction of lockup stands for
bottles and other similar receptacles, the object beng to construct a stand that shall
effectually secure the bottles from being removed, and the contents from being
abstracted, when the stand is closed, and that when opened shall leave the bottles
free from obstruction, and so that they will not have to be inclined sideways or
otherwise canted to withdraw them from the stand.
In carrying out my Invention, I construct the stand with the usual base for the
bottles to rest on, but instead of close fitting sockets which are generally used to
receive the bottom of the bottles, I prefer to pass the bottles through rings
corresponding to the shape of the bottles, and supported at a suitable height by a
frame work.
At each end of the stand, and forming a portion of the frame work is a short
upright standing above the beforementioned rings-and attached to the said uprights
are two fall down bars which move upon annular hinges of novel construction
forming a joint without either a pivot or pin.
The advantage of this annular hinge over a pin joint is its large bearing and
wearing surfaces, ensuring a steady and safe movement of the fall down bars, which
in the case of a pinjoint would be difficult to attain, and after a little wear would
be almost impossible to keep tight-It also forms a very convenient ring to carry
and move the frame by. When the fall bars are raised to a vertical position they
form a bridge over the tops of the stoppers of the bottles and can be locked in that
position. When unlocked they can be pressed down till they leave the bottles free
to be withdrawn.
The advantage of the bottles being held in the beforementioned rings over the
close fitting sockets is that the whole of the bottles (which are generally of richly
cut glass) are exposed to view.
A suitable handle is provided to carry the frame when closed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUND MARINE STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wigham Richardson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th April 1882.
JOHN WIGHAM RICHARDSON, of Neptune Works, Near Newcastle upon Tyne, in
the County of Northumberland IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUND MARINE STEAM
ENGINES
This Invention has for its object to improve the general construction or the mode
of arranging or combining together the steam cylinders and other parts of marine
steam engines working on the well known compound system; and in carrying out
the Invention the engines are arranged for expanding the steam three times or in
other words for working it through three stages or with triple expansion, there
being two cylinders for the third or final stage so that such cylinders may be of
moderate size.
In one modification of the improved engines which is suitable for driving the
screw propeller, inverted vertical cylinders are employed and their piston rods are
connected to two cranks on the shaft beneath them. The high-pressure cylinder,
alone, is connected to one crank, and the intermediate cylinder is placed above the
other crank and has the two low-pressure cylinders placed one on each side of it.
The piston rod of the intermediate cylinder and the piston rods of the two low-
pressure cylinders are all three fixed to one crosshead from which a single connecting
rod extends to the crank shaft.
In a second modification the two low-pressure cylinders are placed one on each
side of the high-pressure cylinder.
In other modifications the cylinders may be placed horizontally or in inclined
positions, the two low-pressure cylinders being always one on each side of either
the high-pressure or the intermediate cylinder.
In ail the modifications the valve details and other parts are simplified as compared
with existing "triple expansion" arrangements, only two slide valves being required
when slide valves are used, or proportionately fewer piston valves when such valves
are employed. The various parts are very accessible; and the actions on the two
cranks are rendered more nearly equal than heretofore; and in addition to other
advantages it may be mentioned that in the event of the high-pressure cylinder or
other part getting accidentally deranged, the other cylinders can be made to operate
by themselves in a very satisfactory manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR FASTENINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Wildes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th March 1882.
GEORGE HENRY WILDES of Bryanston Square, in the county of Middlesex,
Captain in the 3rd Battalion Cheshire Regiment "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR
FASTENINGS."
This invention relates to an improved construction of spring lock or fastening,
the object of the improvements being to provide a spring lock or fastening which
can be opened by simply pressing on a stud or button which may be placed
in the knob or handle of the drawer, door or the like on which the lock or fastening
is placed.
In carrying out my invention I employ a lock case with spring bolt or catch of
the ordinary construction; in the bolt or catch I form a slot, through which slot
passes a wedge or inclined piece fixed on the end of a rod which passes through
the centre of the knob or handle; the said rod is provided at its outer end with a
button or stud which fits and works in a recess in the knob or handle; the inner
end of the knob or handle passes through the door or drawer and a small plate
is screwed to the end of the knob or handle from the inside of the drawer or
door which will allow the knob or handle to turn freely but will prevent it being
withdrawn.
A door or drawer being provided with a lock or fastening of this construction
is closed in the usual manner, but to open it, instead of turning or sliding the
knob or handle as hitherto, it is merely necessary to press the hereinbefore described
button or stud and thereby move the wedge or inclined piece through the herein-
before described slot and thus depress or withdraw the bolt so as to allow the
drawer or door to be opened.
Any suitable arrangement to be operated by a key or otherwise may be provided
to lock the bolt or fastening and to allow (in the case of doors) of the door being
opened from the outside.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE BOXES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Raphael Hunter Brandon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th February 1882. A communication
from Paul August Nepilly Engineer of the Royal Prussian State Railway in
Saarbrücken Germany.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of No. 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of
France, Engineer and Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE BOXES."
A com-
munication from Paul August Nepilly Engineer of the Royal Prussian State Railway
in Saarbrücken Germany.
In locomotive furnaces, as at present constructed, the lighter part of the fuel or
coal dust is carried away from the furnace into the flues and chimney under the
action of the draft of air, whereby it leaves the furnace before it has produced its
useful effect; besides it clogs the flues of the boiler which require frequent cleaning.
Moreover the walls of the furnace are thereby heated to a considerable extent and
cause damage which may put the locomotive out of working order.
I have devised a construction of furnaces which, while obviating the above
mentioned inconveniences, will allow of a more powerful draft by a greater admission
of air, producing a more complete combustion of the fuel and tending at the same
time to increase the amount of heat emitted in the furnace.
The first improvement consists in the construction and arrangement of the fire
screen. The fire screen is made of fire-brick or other fire proof material, and placed
in an inclined position above a common fire grate. The said fire screen has rounded
cross ribs at its under surface and may be composed of one or more parts assembled
together in any convenient way, at the back of the fire box there is a vertical grato
for the inlet of air for securing an efficient draft and a good combustion.-Below
the said screen is also a fire-grate which may be operated by the driver for the
removal of clinkers.
The second improvement consists in a modification of the shape and arrangement
of the fire screen. The same is composed of a number of rollers made of fire proof
material and inclined as in the first instance; but instead of being wedged between
the walls of the fire box they rest at their upper part upon a transverse pipe which
is secured watertight in the sides of the fire box this pipe is made of a heat resisting
metal and communicates with the water of the boiler so that the latter is caused to
circulate through this pipe, thus affording a relatively larger increase of surface for
the heating of the water and they rest at their lower part on a transverse bearing
bar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BUFFING STRAPS FOR LOOMS APPLICABLE ALSO TO STRAPS OR BELTS FOR OTHER USES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hampson Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1882.
THOMAS HAMPSON BROWN of the City of Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Mill-Furnisher "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BUFFING STRAPS
FOR LOOMS APPLICABLE ALSO TO STRAPS OR BELTS FOR OTHER USES "
My Invention relates principally to loom buffing straps. The said straps are
slotted at one end and the sbank of the buffer passes through the slot in the strap.
The parts being subjected to very hard usage owing to the heavy blows of the
picker upon the buffer the slot in the strap rapidly loses its' form and the strap
breaks after being in use for a comparatively short time. To remedy this defect
I strengthen the strap by means of a metal plate cast in malleable iron and formed
with a slot to suit the shank of the buffer. This plate is cast with a number of
pins which project from one side of the plate so that it is only necessary to force
the pins into the strap and to hammer' down their points if they project from the
other side in order to firmly secure the plate to the strap. When so strengthened
the strap will last a long time. Similar plates may be applied to picking bands
and other slotted straps.
MENTS IN SELFACTING WINDOW BLIND APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Samuel Laycock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1882.
WILLIAM SAMUEL LAYCOCK of Sheffield in the County of York.
MENTS IN SELFACTING WINDOW BLIND APPARATUS."
"IMPROVE-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of selfacting Window
blind apparatus and is especially adapted for the blinds of Railway Carriages, the
object being to obtain greater certainty of action, and increased durability of the
working parts than is usual in the selfacting blind apparatus as now used.
In carrying out my invention I employ a blind roller proper which is made to
rotate by a spring or weight applied in any convenient manner, and provided at
one or both ends with a ratchet wheel, or break, a second roller (or bar) over
which the blind is passed and from which it depends, is carried at each end by a
rocking bar working on a fulcrum, and provided with a catch or pawl to engage
with the teeth of the ratchet wheel, (or a break may be used if preferred).
The loose end of the blind is weighted sufficiently to keep the roller end of the
roking bar down and the catch or pawl in gear with the Ratchet wheel, and thus
prevent the blind from being rolled up.
When the weight of the blind is taken off the second roller and one end of the
rocking bar by placing the hand underneath it, the catch or pawl is raised out
of the teeth of the ratchet wheel, by the action of a small spring, the roller proper
revolves and the blind is immediately wound up.
Directly the blind with attached weight is allowed to bear upon the second roller
the catch or pawl is brought into gear with the Ratchet Wheel and the winding up
action is stopped.
IMPROVEMENTS APPERTAINING TO GALLERIES OR BRACKETS FOR HOLDING GLOBES OR LAMP-BOWLS (FOR ELECTRIC GAS OR OIL LAMPS) OR OTHER FRAGILE ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cæsar Ferranti at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October 1882.
CÆSAR FERRANTI of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
IN OR
"IMPROVEMENTS
APPERTAINING TO GALLERIES OR BRACKETS FOR HOLDING GLOBES OR
LAMP-BOWLS (FOR ELECTRIC GAS OR OIL LAMPS) OR OTHER FRAGILE ARTICLES."
This invention of "Improvements in Galleries or brackets, relates
Firstly to the production of a Gallery which shall be so constructed as to hold
the globe, it is intended to carry and protect from breakage, in a thoroughly safe
manner.
Secondly to so adapting the said improved Gallery that it shall be capable of
holding a globe safely and also protect effectively from all interference the burner
of whatever nature the luminary may be, a point specially desirable in the case of
Incandescent Electric Lamps when used in brackets or fixed in exposed public places
and when subject to possible abuse.
Thirdly to producing a complete gallery which when adapted to any of the
above nained uses shall realise the utmost safety and economy combined with
simplicity-the saving to be in globes preserved from breakage and time required
in firing the same in gallery.
The before going results to which this invention relates are obtained in the first
place by so contriving the gallery that one part only shall be rigidly connected with
the burner support, the other part being moveable and hinged to the fixed part-
the joint can be made merely as a spring catch or be a spring lock in either case
to be opened with or without a key.
The gallery is so constructed that it supports and easily admits of the introduction
of the globe within its upper curvature and base fitting loosely.
In the application to this interior portion of Gallery of one or more easily
yielding springs fitting round the lower indented portion of the globe a perfect
grasp is produced which, while pressing on the globe finds its support on the
outward portion of the interior of gallery so that when the latter is closed no
amount of shaking, pulling, or vibration can displace or break the globe while
full allowance is made for expansion of globe and free working of the springs.
As already stated this invention is applicable not merely for electric lamps, gas
lights or oil lamps but also for other kindred appliances intended for the safe
maintenance of objects in a given position under trying conditions of motion or
vibration, as more especially noticed on board vessels of every description.
IMPROVEMENTS IN NICKEL PLATING AFTER ENGRAVING ON ROLLERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Appleton and George William
Horsfield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December
1882.
DAVID APPLETON of Manchester in the county of Lancaster Metal plater, and
GEORGE WILLIAM HORSFIELD of the same place, [Likewise] Metal Plater
"IMPROVEMENTS IN NICKEL PLATING AFTER ENGRAVING ON ROLLERS."
Our Invention relates to the depositing of Nickel Metal upon copper and other
metal rollers after they have been engraved, thereby making the engraved portion
in such rollers as well as the plain surface, more durable and not so easily scratched
or injured by particles of foreign matter accidentally present in colors.
The solution we use for deposition on metal rollers when engraved is made up
of the following ingredients; We take three parts Nitric acid, One of Sulphuric
acid, and four of water, place the whole in a large earthenware vessel sufficiently
large that with the above ingredients it will be half full, add thereto two pounds
of grain Nickel, to each gallon of the above liquid: heat it very gently and if the
Nickel should disolve too quickly add a little water now and then until the fumes
cease. This then is Sulphate of Nickel. We, now prepare a solution of Sulphate of
Ammonia, Salamoniac or Ammonia, in bot water; and then by adding this to the
above we make it double Sulphate of Nickel and Ammonia; Thus then is the bath
prepared, into which we immerse the rollers.-We suspend in any convenient
positions in such bath solid Nickel plates in sufficient number to accord with their
several requirements.
Any description of rollers engraved for printing and embossing cotton woolen,
silk, or other woven fabrics Paper-or Leather,-
It is well known to us that the outer surface of rollers for these purposes has
been before plated--(before engraved) But not after-Our Invention is for rendering
more durable the engraved, as well as the outer surface of rollers for printing, all
chemical action between the metals and colors is prevented, and the rollers will do
fifty times more work before worn out-more perfectly.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-ACTING TEMPLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wrigley at the Office of the.
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1882.
.
JOSEPH WRIGLEY, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-ACTING TEMPLES."
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
"
This invention relates to the construction of the revolving "self-acting temples'
used in looms for weaving to keep the cloth to one uniform width, the object of
the said invention being to allow of the cloth being slackened at any time if
required by moving the "temple" inwards, and to ensure its always being drawn.
out to the same exact width when the "temple" is again moved outwards; at the
same time that the temple itself can be adjusted to various widths of cloth.
The bracket which carries the temple is capable of sliding on the rod which
supports it, and on this rod is fixed by a set screw a second bracket provided with
a short bar or stud of a rectangular or other section lying parallel to the temple
rod and passing through a hole in a prolongation of the bracket which carries the
temple.' This short bar or stud is provided with a spring which when
compressed can also pass through the hole with the short bar or stud so that on
compressing the spring the temple bracket can be moved inwards to slacken the
cloth or to adjust the selvage but whenever the temple bracket is moved outwards
again so as to stretch the cloth, the prolongation of the bracket passes over the end
of the spring which being released flies out and holds the temple bracket in the
extended position at the same time that the fixed bracket forms a stop and prevents
the "temple" from being moved any further outwards.
The width between the "temples" is adjusted by slackening the set screw and
sliding the bracket which carries the short bar or stud to the required position, in
which it is then fixed by tightening the set screw.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR CLOSING OR STOPPERING BOTTLES OR OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Airey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1882.
JOSEPH AIREY of the Commercial Chambers High Row Darlington in the County
of Durham Chartered Accountant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR CLOSING OR
STOPPERING BOTTLES OR OTHER VESSELS."
In the closing or stoppering of Bottles and other vessels I employ as a substitute
for corks or other stoppers, sheet india-rubber moulded or otherwise formed to the
shape desired to close the opening of the bottle or vessel by preference the shape
of a bag with a flattened end and a ring or thicker part at the mouth thereof, or a
capsule answers well. This ring or thickened part serves to facilitate the passing
of the cylindrical portion of the india-rubber cover over the mouth or neck of the
bottle or vessel and its being held securely to the neck of the bottle or vessel, as
well as to assist in the removal of the cover for access to, to fill, or for withdrawing
the contents of the bottle or vessel and to insure close fitting.
The india-rubber may be lined with gelatine or suitable coating to prevent the
injurious action thereon of liquids calculated to injure or be injured by the india-
rubber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Brooks and Thomas
Tweedale at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December
1882.
Crawshawbooth
THOMAS BROOKS and THOMAS TWEEDALE both of
Rawtenstall in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES."
near
The object of this invention is to improve the construction of the peg or tongue
of the shuttle and to form it so that the cop or spool may easily be placed on it
when raised and held more securely when pressed down into the shuttle.
The shuttle peg is or may be made as usual of one or more pieces. We make in
the base of the peg an opening, hole or slot and the top spring of the peg is
extended and bent so that its end passes through this slot or opening and bears or
presses when shut or closed against the spring or bottom plate at the base of the
shuttle peg. By the action of raising the peg the end of the top spring is moved
away from the spring or bottom plate and thus allows the top spring to close on
the peg and facilitates putting on a new cop.
The extended end of the top spring
may press against any convenient projection or object in place of pressing on the
spring or bottom plate.
When the peg is raised the top spring rests against the peg near the base and the
peg at this point is reduced in size in order to more securely hold the cop in
position.
By this means we make a simple shuttle peg in which the top spring is brought
close to the peg when raised or open and when closed the extended end of the top
spring bears against the spring or bottom plate or other projection and presses
against the interior of the cop thus holding it more tightly.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMP- GLASSES OR GLOBES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th October 1882. A communi-
cation to him from abroad by Stelzig, Kittel and Company, of Steinschönau,
Austria Hungary..
HERBERT JOHN. HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMP-
GLASSES OR GLOBES," a communication to me from abroad by. Stelzig, Kittel and
Company of Steinschönau, Austria Hungary
This invention relates to the production of lamp-globes from opaque white or
bone-glass. on which the continents and oceans are represented in transparent
vitrifiable colours in their natural proximity so as to represent the globe
Such lamp-globes may be produced by different processes.
The following
process has been the most successful.
The globe is first blown from a brass form in bone-glass then ground and bored
out. The lines representing the contours of the continents or rivers are applied by
using strips of thin paper each of which represents a projection of a spherical
figure comprised between two meridians of the earth in reverse image (mirror) The
strips are printed by lithography and the paper thus used must first be brushed
over with a mixture of 4 parts of paste 2 parts of gum-arabic and 1 part of milk.
and then dryed.
For transfering the projections of the spherical figures to the lamp-globe the
latter is brushed over with a mixture of 2 parts of Dammar-lack, and 1 part of
Kopal-lack and this coating allowed to dry as far as to retain some of its
adhesiveness.
The printed strips are then pressed in their respective order on the globe. The
colour of the print combines with the lack in a short time, whereon the globe is
immersed in water to allow the strips to be removed. The well dried globe is
then exposed to a suitable degree of heat in a muffle which causes the printing
colours to combine with the glass mass. The political frontiers of the countries
are then painted on by means of a pen brush and to fix these colours the globe is
subjected to a second burning.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW OR OBLIQUE-BLADED PROPELLERS
Year: 1882

page_text: [
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Glass Wrench at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1882.
WILLIAM GLASS WRENCH, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW OR OBLIQUE-BLADED PROPELLERS."
"
This Invention has for its object to improve the form of the blades of screw or
oblique-bladed propellers with the view of obtaining increased efficiency.
The Invention consists principally in making the acting surface of the blade so
that at each distance from the centre there is a diminishing pitch from the entering
to the rear edge whilst at the corresponding part of the back or non-acting surface
the pitch is made uniform or nearly so. The variation of pitch on the acting face
whilst diminishing from the entering to the rear edge is made such as to combine
with the uniform pitch of the other side to give a suitable section of blade for
strength the part at or near the middle being the thickest and the thickness varying
with a curved taper towards the edges.
The purpose of this improved shape is to cause the water due to displacement or
which has to be displaced to allow of the bulk or substance of the blade to pass to
be pushed towards the after or propelling side of the blade instead of towards the
front or non-propelling side as is the case with ordinary screw propellers. In
comparing the improved propeller with one of the ordinary kind for a given power
and ship the pitch at and near the outer part of the after edge of the former should
be made of about the main pitch of the latter so that the pitch at and near the
entering edge will be greater than ordinary for similar cases.
The blades of the improved propellers may be of various forms as regards contour
or outline and with their middle lines straight or curved and in a plane at right
angles to the shaft or in a conoidal surface with the outer parts aft of the central
parts.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WASHING CLOTHES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Edward Wearden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th March 1882.
RICHARD EDWARD WEARDEN, of Manchester in the County of Lancaster AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WASHING CLOTHES
This invention is intended to be used as a substitute for the transversely
corrugated washing-boards hitherto frequently employed for that purpose.
The invention consists of an open frame in which are mounted a series of
transverse rollers such rollers being mounted so as to be capable of revolving and
having their surfaces in contact or nearly so, these rollers. thus presenting a
transversely corrugated surface against which the clothes are to be rubbed, but as
they revolve they are not so liable to wear the clothes as the fixed corrugations are.
The axes of the rollers revolve in grooves formed on the inside of the uprights
of the frame, blocks being provided and furnished with screws by which more or
less play can be given to the rollers.
There is an opening at the upper end of one or both of these grooves whereby
on withdrawing the blocks by means of the screws the rollers can be removed and
replaced when desired.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING THE SHUTTLES FROM SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Beck at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th July 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by Désiré Philippe Contamine, Clock Maker and Jeweller
chez Messieurs Blétry frères 2 Boulevard de Strasbourg Paris in the Republic
of France.
WILLIAM HENRY BECK of 139 Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
EXTRACTING THE SHUTTLES FROM SEWING MACHINES," [Communicated to him from
abroad by Désiré Philippe Contamine, Clock Maker and Jeweller chez Messieurs
Blétry frères 2 Boulevard de Strasbourg Paris in the Republic of France.]
The extraction of the shuttles of sewing machines from their slides is an
operation which, according to present arrangements requires considerable time and
some skill. The object of this invention is to enable that operation (which is of
rather frequent recurrence) to be more easily and promptly effected, and in a more
mechanical way. For this purpose the following arrangements are employed :—
Under the needle plate of the machine is fixed by four screws, or otherwise, a
foot or carriage which is adapted to carry between two cheeks the axis of
oscillation of a bell crank lever. The pendant arm of this lever, which may be of
any suitable form and dimensions, is intended to hold by its superior weight the
acting arm of the lever in its more or less horizontal position of rest. This latter
arm works in a suitable mortice in the needle plate and presents its end (which is
turned upwards) perpendicularly to the shuttle, when the latter is at the end of its
stroke. By oscillating the pendant arm of the lever in the appropriate direction,
the horizontal arm enters between the slides of the shuttle and striking beneath
the latter raises it sufficiently to enable it to be taken hold of by the fingers.
Having extracted the shuttle the lever left to itself is returned to the position of
rest by its weighted pendant arm, a spring, or any other suitable mechanical
means or arrangement. The apparatus is applicable to all kinds of sewing machines
in which shuttles are employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NITRO SULPHURIC ACID
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Brookes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1882. A communication from
abroad by Thomas Holliday of the firm of Read Holliday and Sons of
Huddersfield in the County of York Manufacturing Chemists at present
residing at Barcelona in the Kingdom of Spain.
WILLIAM BROOKES of 59 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent
and Registration Agent IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NITRO
SULPHURIC ACID a communication from abroad by Thomas Holliday of the firm
of Read Holliday and Sons of Huddersfield in the County of York Manufacturing
Chemists at present residing at Barcelona in the Kingdom of Spain.
This improvement in the manufacture of Nitro Sulphuric acid consists in
condensing Nitric Acid in Iron vessels in which concentrated Sulphuric acid is
previously placed, the sides of the vessels being protected against the action of the
gases by a lining of stone, tiles or other acid gas resisting material and the covers
of the vessels being composed of similar materials.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF INDICATING THE LEVEL OF THE WATER. IN A STEAM BOILER OR GENERATOR AND ALSO [FOR] GIVING AN ALARM WHEN THE SAID WATER IS TOO HIGH OR TOO LOW, AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR[E], THE SAID INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER USEFUL AND LIKE PURPOSE[S]
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustav Binswanger at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1882.
<<
GUSTAV BINSWANGER of 33 Aldermanbury in the City of London. AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF INDICATING THE LEVEL OF THE WATER.
IN A STEAM
BOILER OR GENERATOR AND ALSO [FOR] GIVING AN ALARM WHEN THE SAID
WATER IS TOO HIGH OR TOO LOW, AND IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED THEREFOR[E],
THE SAID INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER USEFUL AND LIKE
PURPOSE[S]."
The object of this invention is providing a means whereby the height of the
water or other liquid in a Steam Boiler or other closed receptacle or vessel can be
ascertained and an alarm given by means of an electric bell or other alarm through
the medium of a float or its equivalent in the Boiler or vessel the rise and fall of
which will give motion through suitable connection to a metallic contact maker
which will in its highest or lowest position make electric contact with terminal
arrangements in connection with a battery and electric bell or other electric alarm.
When carrying my invention into practice I employ by preference a stone or
wooden float which will rise or fall with the water in the Boiler or vessel, A rope
cord or rod attached to this float will pass (in case of a boiler) through a steam
tight gland or (in case of other vessel) through a suitable opening carried over
guide pullies where it is connected to and actuates an indicating finger.
The indicator over the surface of which the indicating finger moves is provided
with metallic adjustable projections to which are attached the ends of the wires in
connection with an Electric Bell, and battery the said wires are in close proximity
but not in actual contact with the indicating finger electric contact therewith being
effected by the moving weight or finger of the indicator.
The said metallic projections can be adjusted along the scale in order to arrange
before band the precise point at which the alarm shall be given.
The said electric bell or aların may be placed in any suitable position for instance
in the private office of the manager or proprietor of the works or other place where
electric connection can be made.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Dredge and
William James Cordner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 14th February 1882.
WILLIAM CHARLES DREDGE and WILLIAM JAMES CORDNER both of 67 Strand
in the City of Westminster, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING ON
RAILWAYS,"
This Invention relates more particularly to fog signals on railways, and consists
in providing the tender, guards van, or any other convenient vehicle of a train with
a lantern signal or a whistle connected with a contact piece between or near the
rails so as to be operated by a movable block, if the latter is placed in the required
position by its connection with the ordinary signalling post. This connection may
be made by means of a wire passing over guide pulleys and under the rails to the
movable block so as to draw the latter in a direction perpendicular to the rails
until it can be reached by the contact pieces of the vehicles when they pass over the
block, the latter being automatically placed in this position whenever the main
signal is placed at "danger " or at "caution." The colour and position of the optical
fog signal on the vehicle corresponds exactly with that of the main signal, and
the distinction between the two signals "caution" and "danger" is preferably
produced by making the contact piece of two parallel levers the first of which
strikes the block, if the latter is in its middle position, while the second lever
strikes the block, if the latter is in its extreme position, the return motion of the
block being accomplished by means of a weight, when the connection with the
main signal allows it. When operated by the first contact lever the whistle is
made to sound once, and twice when operated by the second contact lever.
Instead of a whistle, detonators or any other suitable sounding device may be
adopted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF SECURING OR LOCKING NUTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hermann Kemmler at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1882.
HERMANN KEMMLER of Ebingen Wurtemburg, but at present of 28 Finsbury
Square London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF SECURING OR LOCKING
NUTS
My Invention relates to securing or locking nuts upon their bolts or screws.
For this purpose I form the bolt or screw or the outer portion thereof triangular,
square, polygonal, oval, round with one or more flat sides, or of other form than
circular. I make the outer face of the nut with holes or indentations into which
fit pins, teeth or prominences on the inner face of a lock nut or collar; this lock
nut or collar is not threaded and it is shaped to correspond with the triangular or
other form of the bolt or screw as above described. Instead of the holes or
indentations being in the nut and the pins, teeth or prominences on the lock nut
or collar the arrangement may be reversed; and instead of these parts being in the
faces of the nut and lock nut or collar respectively, they may be on the periphery
or circumference of the same. Against the lock nut or collar I screw a top or
outer screw or nut which takes in or on to a corresponding screw thread of the
bolt. This outer screw or nut serves to keep the lock nut or collar in place
against the nut proper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR-LOCKS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1882. A communi-
cation to him from abroad by O. Belger and F. Preller, both of Hanover,
Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DOOR-LOCKS," a communication to me from abroad by O. Belger and F. Preller,
both of Hanover, Germany,
The improvements consist chiefly in the combination of a latch with one or two
operating levers fixed to a tube which projects on both sides of the lock and
carries the door handles, a locking lever mounted on a shaft which passes through
the said tube and fits in its locking position into a recess of the latch, means for
transmitting the turning motion of the tube on the latch, preferably a spring and
a key, for turning the inner shaft. There are preferably two parallel operating
levers connected by a pin and allowing the locking lever to pass between them, the
tube being made of two halves to each of which one of the operating levers is
cast. The turning of the inner shaft and thereby the locking or unlocking of the
latch is effected by a key inserted into a groove at the extremity of the shaft, and
the locking lever is maintained in its open position by a spring attached to a
bracket of the lock plate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRT FRONTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Frost at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1882.
JOHN WILLIAM FROST of Aldermanbury in the City of London IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRT FRONTS
The object of this invention is to enable the front of a shirt to be readily reversed
when soiled thus affording great convenience to the wearer
In order to carry out my invention I take five pieces or thicknesses of linen or
other suitable material all of equal size and having laid them one upon the other
shape them in the form of a shirt front. I then remove one of such thicknesses and
divide it exactly in half lengthwise to be used as presently described after which I
cut the requisite number of button holes through the centre of the remaining four
thicknesses before disturbing them
"
I then remove the two middle thicknesses and having folded them in half
length wise replace them between the other two thicknesses putting them either
on the right or left side as most convenient and thus forming six thicknesses on
the side on which they are placed while only the two thicknesses forming the upper
and lower thicknesses of the front are left on the other side
Having tacked the four thicknesses together in the centre I then divide the six
thicknesses on the one side into two folds each consisting of three thicknesses and
stitch them together
The lower of such folds forms one half of the front which is stitched into the body
while the upper fold forms a semi-fly-front which can be reversed by the wearer at
will
As already observed the other half of the front consists only of the two thicknesses
forming the upper and lower thicknesses of the front
In order to take this half of a corresponding substance with the other half and
also with the semi-fly-front both of which are threefold in thickness as already
described I take that one of the two halves of the thickness which has been divided
lengthwise which corresponds to the side of the front on which it is to be placed
and having placed it between the upper and lower thicknesses I stitch them together
thus making this half of the front of a triple thickness also and so making the front
of a uniform substance throughout

page_text: When the front has been sewn into the body of the shirt in the ordinary way
the semi-fly-front is left free to be turned either backwards or forwards as may be
desired
The button holes are worked on three sides being worked on two sides on the
face of the semi-fly-front and on one side only on its under surface
The shit body is made to open at the back-In order to prevent waste the
remaining half of the divided thickness is used up in the manufacture of another
front
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STRAINING PULP
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Brodie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December 1882.
ROBERT BRODIE, of Leith, in the County of Mid-Lothian, North Britain, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STRAINING PULP."
This Invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
apparatus for straining pulp.
In one modification of the improved apparatus the straining vat is of an oblong
rectangular form in plan and of moderate depth. The vat may be stationary but
it is by preference mounted on trunnions which are at the ends and it has a
rocking motion imparted to it by means of a rotating eccentric or in any other
convenient way. The strainer plate (or set of plates) is fixed in the vat so as to
form a diaphragm a short distance above the bottom and the outlet for the strained
pulp is at one end between the strainer plate and the bottom, the pulp to be
strained being supplied above the strainer plate. Or the pulp may be introduced
below with a small head of pressure and be discharged from above the strainer
plate. The palpitating action by means of which the straining operation is effected
is imparted to the pulp by a plate situated upon or slightly above the bottom and
connected to the sides and ends of the vat by thin elastic sheet metal or other
suitable slightly flexible material. The plate is made to pulsate by an intermittent
introduction of steam or compressed air or gas between it and the bottom, springs
being applied to the plate to cause its quick return downwards after each lifting
movement. The steam or compressed air or gas may be admitted and controlled
by any suitable valve; but one modification comprises a hollow rotating plug
formed with ports at the side communicating with the supply pipe and with the
inlet into the straining apparatus, whilst the exhaust takes place through the hollow
plug. Water or other liquid under pressure may be substituted for the steam or
compressed air or gas but its action would probably be not quite so advantageous,
whilst the warming action of steam will be beneficial. The rocking motion
herein before mentioned is for the purpose of producing a washing action across the
top of the strainer plate or plates; and in addition one of the sides of the vat may
be arranged to open periodically or otherwise to discharge portions of the pulp
which will not go easily through the strainer plates. The strainer plate may be
arranged to rock within a stationary vat instead of the vat itself rocking.
Some of the improvements hereinbefore described are obviously applicable and
can be easily adapted to rotating pulp straining machines.