Improvements in Railway Chairs.
Year: 1894

page_text: PROVISIONAL DIEVITIATION.
Improvements in Railway Chairs.
We, JOHN JAMES HAYMAN, of 4 Holland Road Teignmouth Devonshire,
Stone Mason etc., HENRY WILLIAM PEARSON, of 11 Alexandra Road, Clifton,
Bristol, Civil Engineer, and HENRY KATER CRIPPS, of " Redcliffe," Clifton
Down Road, Clifton, Bristol, Marble Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved construction of railway chairs, which
allows the rail to be securely fitted in place, in a simple and effective manner,
without the use of wedges.
+
The chair is formed with a recess or socket, transverse to the line of the rail and
of semi-circular form, with the usual jaw at one side, which bears against one side
of the rail, when the latter is fitted in place. On the bottom of this socket
is formed a horn or bar, a little to the side opposite to the jaw and sloping towards
the latter.
To fix the rail in place a tumbler is used of peculiar, form, of approximately
quadrant shape, with one side formed to act as the second jaw in gripping the rail.
A recess is formed at this side into which the lower flange of the rail can take, the
rail bearing on the ledge formed by the lower portion of the tumbler, the underside
of which is carved to fit into the socket of the chair. A second recess is formed
on the lower part of the tumbler at the outer side into which the horn or bar above.
mentioned takes. The tumbler thus rocks on this bar. A small projection on the
inner side of the horn at the bottom projects into a notch in the tumbler when the
latter is fitted in position.
To fit the rail in position the tumbler is placed in the socket, with the outer
curved surface resting in the socket. The groove to receive the rail is thus open
and the rail can be placed in it, lying at an angle,
On turning the tumbler over on the rocker bar the inner or under curved surface
will then fit closely into the chair cavity and the rail will be held between the jaws,
the tumbler being the only movable or detachable part. Any pressure which does
not directly tend to lift the rail up will cause the tumbler to grip the rail more
tightly, so that on a train passing, the rail will be held rigidly. The rail can be
immediately removed or replaced when desired.
When released from the weight of the train it is at once freed, thus allowing for
expansion and contraction...
The tumbler may instead of rocking on the bar above mentioned, rock on a
wrought iron axle. A small key may be used if desired for locking the chair.
The metal required for this chair is about the same in quantity as that used in
the present construction.
Dated this 5th day of June 1894.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
i
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page_text: 1
Improvements in Railway Chairs.
.......!
We, JOHN JAMES HAYMAN, of 4, Holland Road, Teignmouth, Devonshire,
Stone Mason, etc., HENRY WILLIAM PEARSON, of 11, Alexandra Road, Clifton,
Bristol, Civil Engineer, and HENRY KATER CRIPPS, of "Redcliffe," Clifton
Down Road, Clifton, Bristol, Marble Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner-the-same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
:
This invention, which relates to railway chairs, consists in improvements therein
whereby the rail is enabled to be deposited in place in the chair and securely retained
therein without the use of the wooden wedges appertaining to chairs as hitherto
constructed.
The chair in which this invention consists has at one side a recess or socket..
At the other side the chair has a fixed jaw of the usual kind:
At the bottom of the said recess or socket and extending across it is a horn or
ridge inclined towards the fixed jaw.
:
Into the recess or socket fits a tumbler which constitutes the inner jaw of the
chair and is, at the bottom, grooved to receive the horn or ridge aforesaid, The
tumbler, which is capable of being tilted on the horn or ridge towards and also away
from the fixed or outer jaw, is formed on its inner face to receive a part of the base
of the rail. The tumbler, when in position for the insertion of the rail, lies tilted
back from the fixed jaw. The rail is placed so that a part of its base bears on a
fedge forming part of the tumbler and is partly contained in a groove provided on
the inner face of the tumbler. The inner face of the rail webs lies on that part of
the tumbler which is above the groove aforesaid. "The tumbler on being tilted
towards the fixed jaw, either by the weight of the rail, or otherwise, carries the rail
with it and the outer face of the rail web is thus brought to bear against the inner
face of the outer or fixed jaw.
The rail is then in proper position for traffic, being gripped between the tumbler
and the fixed jaw.
.1.
Downwardly-acting' pressure exerted on the rail tilts the tumbler further round
on the horn or ridge to bear more tightly against the rail, the grip on which is
accordingly tightened by a train, either passing or stationary.
In the absence of any downward pressure, the parts are free to expand and
contract under varying temperature.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings,
ا
Fig. 1 represents a section through a chair constructed in accordance with this
invention, the tumbler a being shown in elevation and represented as tilted inwards
away from the fixed jaw band towards the other rail of the gauge.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the chair with the tumbler a tilted forward.
Fig. 3 is a plan of Fig. 2 without the rail
Fig. 4 is a side view of the tumbler only:
"
The chair has, at the gauge side, à recess or socket copposite the fixed jaw b
which is of a usual kind. At the bottom of the recess or socket c and extending
across it is a horn or ridge d inclined towards the fixed jaw b. Into the recess or
socket e the tumbler a fits, and constitutes the inner jaw of the chair. The tumbler
is grooved at bottom to receive, the horn or ridge and also to accommodate
projections and formed at the sides of the root of the horn or ridge d. The
tumbler a, which is free to be tilted on the horn or ridge d towards and away from
the jaw b, has a groove g and a ledge & formed on its inner face to receive part of
the base of the rail i. For the purpose of inserting the rail i the tumbler a is tilted
back on the horn or ridge d inwards towards the gauge, as seen at Fig. 1. The rail

page_text: is then placed so that a part of its base bears on the ledge h and is partly contained
in the groove g.
The inner face of the rail web lies on that part of the tumbler a
which is above the groove g. The tumbler, on being tilted on the horn or ridge d,
towards the jaw b, either by the weight of the rail, or otherwise, carries the rail
with it and the outer face of the rail web is brought to bear against the inner face
of the jaw b, as seen at Fig. 2.
Weight acting from above on the rail drives the tumbler a further round on the
horn or ridged towards the rail, so that the grip on the latter is tightened by
a train either passing or stationary.
Movement of the rail known as creeping or driving, ou gradients is prevented.
The tumbler may be locked in the closed position by inserting a key such as k
shown inserted at Fig. 2 and, in front and end views, at Figs. 5 and 6.
In cases where it may be requisite or convenient to place the chair with the
tumbler outside the rail, that is to say, away from the gauge, as, for instance,
in sidings and cross-over lines, the locking key k, or an equivalent thereof, is
indispensable.
A shield fixed on the tumbler, or a cover hinged on the chair, may be provided
to exclude dirt and dust from the recess or socket c.
The tumbler a may, instead of being arranged to work on a horn or ridge,
be fitted to turn in the recess or socket c on a hinge or hinges, or on a suitable
spindle.
At Figs. 7, 8 and 9 is illustrated, in section, end view and plan respectively, the
application of this invention to a guard rail chair. The gauge raili (not shown
at Fig. 9) is carried by and acted upon by the tumbler a in the same manner
as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive. Between the
gauge rail i and the guard rail (not shown at Fig. 9) is a removable block /
which may be secured to the chair either by a bolt m, as shown, or the block may
be dove-tailed at the base and fitted to slide endways into a correspondingly shaped
groove provided in the chair.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
An improved chair, for railway rails, having at one side a recess or socket such
as c in which is fitted a tumbler such as a carrying the rail and capable of rocking
or of partial rotatory motion about a horn or ridge such as d formed or secured to
the chair, or of like motion about a hinge or hinges, in such manner as to be readily
tilted towards or from a fixed jaw between which and the said tumbler the rail, when
in position for traffic, is held and gripped with a force increasing with weight acting
on the rail head, substantially as hereinabove described with reference to the
accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings.
Dated this 5th day of March 1895.
MAA
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Bristol, Chartered Patent Agent.