Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 20th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1887.
We THOMAS HENRY CHADWICK, Mill Manager BENJAMIN MARSHALL, Weaving
Manager and WILLIAM TAYLOR Cotton Spinner, all of the Oldham Velvet Manu-
facturing Company Limited, Falcon Mill, Oldham in the County of Lancaster do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that class of looms for weaving wherein oscillating tappets
(or "oscillators") are employed for producing figured fabrics, the object of the
invention being to dispense with the use of the customary long, heavy and costly
pattern chains now employed for oscillating the tappets used for working the healds
in weaving fancy velvets and other cloths.
The invention applies partly to the star wheel motion which actuates the pattern
chain, and partly to the construction of the pattern chain itself.
The star-wheel is ordinarily actuated by a revolving disc or tappet wheel having a
fixed pin projecting from it which at each revolution takes up one tooth of the
star-wheel which actuates the pattern chain and thus moves the chain one bar at a
time.
According to our invention we provide the disc or tappet wheel with two pins which
are movable (one or both) and are worked by a second disc or cam which slides on the
boss of the revolving disc so as to cause either one or both pins to project from the
tappet wheel according to the position or movement given to the second disc or cam,
whereby the star wheel is caused to move either one or two teeth at a time instead of
always one only as in the ordinary way.
This change from one to two teeth at a time will give a corresponding movement to
the pattern chain so as to cause it to change either one or two bars at one revolution
of the tappet wheel and this change is effected automatically by moving the sliding
disc or cam accordingly.
Supposing that we have a cloth to weave consisting of two different patterns
arranged in stripes across the piece, we arrange the bars of the chain alternately so
that the odd numbers will produce one pattern, and the even numbers the other and
we shall then only require as many bars as will produce one
round" of each pattern.
"

page_text: The chain can be kept for any length of time moving two bars to each revolution so
as to weave the required length of one pattern and then withdrawing one pin for one
revolution, the chain will only move one bar which will change it to the other pattern.
If the second pin be now brought forward it will commence again moving two bars at
a time and will keep on weaving the second pattern until the change is again made as
before.
Thus different patterns can be woven in transverse stripes to follow each other
alternately thereby making a varied pattern, as damask check, leno, calico, twill, plain
or fancy velvets or other fabrics, whether the ordinary domestic cloths or weft-floated
cloths intended for cutting to form velvet pile.
The changes are worked by a lever actuated by "nogs," bowls or half circles of iron,
wood or other substance carried by light flat bars of iron or other material, linked
together and arranged to slide the disc or cam in or out of position as circumstances
require to make the pattern of cloth desired.
The same result may be obtained by having four chain barrels and four chains in
place of two as at present (two chains being for one pattern and two for the other)
and working the same alternately in pairs by the same or a similar motion. The two
pairs of barrels are at each end of a lever with a fulcrum in the centre so that the
raising of one pair into position to act upon the " oscillators" will lower the other pair
out of working position, and so on.
The star-wheel in this case will always work one tooth at a time as usual.

page_text: Improvements in Pattern Mechanism for Looms.
We THOMAS HENRY CHADWICK Mill Manager, BENJAMIN MARSHALL Weaving
Overlooker, and WILLIAM TAYLOR Cotton Spinner all of the Oldham Velvet Manu-
facturing Company Limited Falcon Mill Oldham in the County of Lancaster do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that class of looms for weaving wherein oscillating tappets
(or "oscillators") are employed for producing figured fabrics, the object of the
invention being to dispense with the use of the customary long, heavy, and costly
pattern chains now employed for oscillating tappets used for working the healds in
weaving fancy velvets and other cloths.
The invention applies partly to the star wheel motion which actuates the pattern
chain and partly to the construction of the pattern chain itself.
The star-wheel as ordinarily actuated by a revolving disc or tappet wheel having a
fixed pin projecting from it which at each revolution takes up one tooth of the star
wheel which actuates the pattern chain and thus moves the chain one bar at a time.
According to our invention we provide the disc or tappet wheel with two pins which
are movable (one or both) and are worked by a second disc or cam which slides on
the boss of the revolving disc, so as to cause either one or both pins to project from
the tappet wheel according to the position or movement given to the second disc or
cam, whereby the star wheel is caused to move either one or two teeth at a time
instead of always one only as in the ordinary way. This change from one to two
teeth at a time will give a corresponding movement to the pattern chain so as to cause
it to change either one or two bars at one revolution of the tappet wheel and this
change is effected automatically by moving the sliding disc or cam accordingly.
Supposing that we have cloth to weave consisting of two different patterns arranged
in stripes across the piece, we arrange the bars of the chain alternately so that the odd
numbers will produce one pattern and the even numbers the other, and we shall then
only require as many bars as will produce one "round" of each pattern.
The chain can be kept for any length of time moving two bars to each revolution so
as to weave the required length of one pattern and then withdrawing one pin for one
revolution, the chain will only move one bar which will change it to the other
pattern.
If the second pin be now brought forward it will commence again moving two bars
at a time and will keep on weaving the second pattern until the change is again made
as before.
Thus different patterns can be woven in transverse stripes to follow each other
alternately thereby making a varied pattern as damask, check, calico, twill, plain, or
fancy velvets or other fabrics whether the ordinary domestic cloths or weft floated
cloths intended for cutting to form velvet pile.
The changes are worked by a lever actuated by "nogs" bowls or half circles of iron,

page_text: wood or other substance carried by light flat bars of iron or other material linked
together and arranged to slide the disc or cam in or out of position as circumstances
require, to make the pattern of cloth desired.
The same result may be obtained by having four chain barrels and four chains in
place of two as at present (two chains being for one pattern and two for the other)
and working the same alternately in pairs by the same or a similar motion.
The two pairs of barrels are at each end of a lever with a fulcrum in the centre so
that the raising of one pair into position to act upon the "oscillators" will lower the
other pair out of working position and so on.
The star-wheel in this case will always work one tooth at a time as usual.
The manner in which our said invention is to be performed or carried into practical
effect will be readily understood on reference to the two sheets of drawings hereunto
annexed and the following explanation thereof.
On Sheet 1. of the drawings Fig. 1. is a side elevation and Fig. 2. an end view of
so much of the pattern mechanism of a loom as is necessary to illustrate our invention.
Fig. 5 is an elevation, and Fig. 6. a plan view (both being drawn to a larger scale) of
two of the links 1, 1 hereafter described.
On Sheet 2 of the drawings Fig. 3. is a face view of the star wheel (on the opposite
side to Fig. 1.) and Fig. 4 is a section of the same taken through about the line A. B,
in Fig. 3 these Figs. being drawn to a larger scale.
a, a (Figs. 1. and 2) is part of the loom side. b, b is the crankshaft, c, c is a pinion
fastened on the end of the crankshaft; d, d is a carrier wheel gearing into c, and
driving the wheel e, e, sometimes called a peg wheel, which carries the revolving and
sliding disc or tappet s, s (see Figs. 3 and 4), f, f and f¹, f¹ are the star wheels which
carry the chain barrels g, g and g³, g, h, h is a carrier wheel giving motion to the peg
wheel i, i which drives the star wheelj, j, which latter (;) is connected to or forms
part of the chain barrel k, k which carries and drives the endless governing chain l, l.
At one end of the barrel k, k is fastened a chain pulley ¹ which drives, by means
of the chain k³, the chain pulley k³, which is fastened at one end of the chain barrel k*,
and of the same diameter and provided with the same number of teeth as the pulley k
and which consequently takes up the endless governing chain 1, 1 at the same rate as
it is delivered from the barrel k, k thus preventing any tendency of the endless
chain, to become slackened and entangled with the returning portion of the same
which rests upon the guides n¹.
The barrel k, k is held in position endwise by means of the sliding block or
bracket n Fig. 2.
When it is desired to disengage the star wheel j, j from its peg plate i, i, to enable
the barrel to be turned to adjust the chain 1, 1, without working the loom, the block n²
is slided upwards so that its lower end will no longer be between the boss on the
bracket n, n, and the boss of the chain pulley k¹ and thus the barrel k, k can be with-
drawn into the position shewn by the dotted lines when the star wheel; will no
longer engage with the peg wheel i but will be free to be turned as required."
Secured to some of the links of the governing chain are the nogs or tappets m, m
(see also enlarged views Figs. 5 and 6,). n, n is a bracket which carries a number of
the parts connected with the governing arrangements; o, o is a lever mounted on the
stud p, p which is secured to the bracket n, n.
This lever carries the adjustable bracket q, q with its anti-friction bowl 1. which
rests upon the links of the chain 1, 1 at times, and at other times on the nogs m, m.
The end of this lever o, o enters an inclined slot in the upper end of the lever r, r;
the other end of this lever r, which forms a kind of fork engages into a groove formed
in the sliding disc or tappets of the peg wheel e.
This peg
wheel e, e with its
adjuncts is constructed as follows, (see enlarged view of same Figs. 3 and 4).
Secured to the sliding disc or tappet s, s is the peg t, t which at times engages into
the spaces in the star wheels f, f and f¹, f. t, t¹ is a stud secured to the wheel e, e
and acts as a steadying pin only, for the purpose of securing the peg wheel
e, e and
the sliding discs, s in their relative positions, so that one may freely and securely
move on the other as they revolve together.

page_text: Fastened to the disc or tappets, s. is the stud u, u the other end of which is fastened
to a curved plate v, forming a portion of a segment of a circle and constituting a
continuation of the circular flange v¹, v on the peg wheel e, e; the plate v slides
endways with the motion of the disc or tappets s, s of which it forms a part.
w, w is a peg secured to the peg wheel e, e; this peg engages at every revolution
of the wheel e, e with the star wheels f, and f¹, f¹. The oscillating chains ac, æ
and ¹, are constructed as usual but the pattern instead of being arranged con-
secutively from link to link is formed upon alternate links as shown at y¹, y¹ and y³ y².
When the bowls y¹ are operating the "oscillator," the chain moves two links or two
bars at each movement, that is to say. from y¹ to y¹, the intermediate link y' passing
into and out of action at each movement of the chain, without producing any effective
action. The bowls y² making one pattern of cloth and the bowls y' making another
pattern of cloth, so that the pattern of cloth may be instantly changed by causing the
bowls y to go out of operation and bringing into operation the bowls y'. The corre-
sponding links on the chain are marked y¹ and y³. The chain a governs the
"oscillator" alternately with the chain a pick for pick. The spring is connected at
one end with the lever o and at the other end with a nug or stud on the lever r.
The object of the spring is to keep the end of the lever on the links of the chain
after the nug m has passed from under it, and by means of the inclined slot in the
lever furnishes the motive power for returning the peg wheel into a position to act
after it has been withdrawn by one of the nugs m on the chain 1, 1 to change the
sequence of the bowl chain.
The mode of operation is as follows :-
:―
We assume that oscillating tappets and the mode of operation are well known
and therefore we do not propose to describe the peculiarities of these tappets but
only such parts as are necessary to illustrate our Invention.
The endless governing chain 1, 1 at every alternate pick moves one link forward
being driven from the wheel c, c on the crank shaft through the intervention of the
carrier wheel h, h the peg wheel i, i and the star wheel j, j as is well understood and
in the ordinary well known manner.
So long as the links of the chain l, which pass under the bowl 1. are plain links
without the nogs m no change takes place in the governing operations and the sliding
peg t, and the fixed peg w each enter into the spaces of the star wheels / and /¹ and
move them two teeth or spaces forward thereby turning the chain and a¹, two bars
for each revolution of the peg wheel e. When however a link which carries one
of the nogs m passes under the bowl 1. the lever o moves in the direction of the
arrow 2, (Fig. 1) thus causing the lever to move in the direction of the arrow 3,
(Fig. 2) and the lower end of the lever to move in the direction of the arrow 4
(Fig. 2) and with it the sliding disc or tappets s, s and peg t, t; this peg t, t, will
then be in a position in which it can no longer act upon the star wheels f, f and f', ƒ³
as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 4.
As the chain x, x and x¹, x¹ contains two distinct patterns it follows that in weaving
either the bowls y', or y must be controlling the weaving; from this it will be evident
that when the sliding peg t, t is taken out of action the chain will only make a
movement of one bar thus putting out of action one set of bowls and permitting the
next set to come into operation.
Immediately the star wheels fand f¹ have made a movement corresponding to one
bar, one of the nogs m will have passed from under the bowl 1. the lever o will have
moved in the direction opposite to the arrow 2. and following the sequence of the
movement the peg t will be brought into a position in which it again can act upon
the wheels and 1 when the other set of bowls will control the functions of the
weaving until sufficient cloth has been woven of the pattern desired.
The nog m will then come under the bowl 1. and withdraw the peg t, t and then
after the nog m has passed from underneath the bowl 1. the sliding peg will return
into action and the other set of bowls will control the weaving.
These changes can be varied as to the number of picks of each kind of cloth or

page_text: pattern at pleasure by forming the endless governing chain 1, 1 of a sufficient number
of links, and with the proper proportion of links which carry the nogs m.
The chains and only require to be long enough to weave one round of the
particular pattern of cloth required; in some cases when the alternate pattern contains
an odd number it is necessary to make the chain twice the length required to make
the round of the cloth on account of the pattern being worked from the two bowl
chains and a¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
The combination with oscillating tappets (or "oscillators") of pattern mechanism
(substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings annexed)
whereby two different patterns can be woven in transverse stripes to follow each other
alternately and the changes from one to the other can be made automatically at any
required interval.
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester,
Agent for the Applicants.