IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO BOLTS AND REELS FOR DRESSING MEAL AND FLOUR
Year: 1878

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Henry Beaufort Sears, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE
TO BOLTS AND REELS FOR DRESSING MEAL AND FLOUR."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Beaufort Sears at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December 1878.
"IMPROVE-
HENRY BEAUFORT SEARS, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
MENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO BOLTS AND REELS FOR DRESSING MEAL
AND FLOUR."
This Invention relates to improvements on the Invention for which I obtained
Her Majesty's British Letters Patent, No. 2319, of the year 1878, and has for its
object to increase the efficiency of the apparatus described, and illustrated in the
Specification thereto.
In carrying my Invention into practice, I proceed as follows:-
First. I so attach the brush or brushes to the carrying arm or arms by means of
clips, joints, hinges, or the like, that the angle and position at which the brush or
brushes is or are presented to the surface of the reel may be adjusted to any
inequalities or irregularities thereof, thereby ensuring the highest efficiency of action
with the minimum of wear and tear.
Second. I construct the brushes of metal tubes, having any convenient or desired
configuration in cross section, and I secure the bristles or their equivalents thereto
by passing them through holes or slots in the metal tube, and fill the interior thereof
with pitch, resin, cement, or similar compound; or preferably, I fill the interior of
the metal tube with wood or with paper pulp, or similar material, and insert the
bristles into holes or slots in the metal and wood or other material, and secure them
therein in any suitable manner.
The above construction of brushes employed in
combination with my apparatus ensures great rigidity and lightness.

page_text: Third. I provide the shaft carrying the brush or brushes with an arm or its
equivalent, whereby the said brush or brushes may be raised from the surface of the
reel during any 'required portion of a revolution or number of revolutions. If
desired motion may be given to the said arm by means of a cain or equivalent
device, or any other suitable or desirable mechanism may be used for raising the
brushes. By employing apparatus as above described, wear and tear of the surface
of the bolt or reel is prevented.
Fourth. I construct the toe piece or toe pieces in two or more portions, hinged
or connected together in such manner that the acting portion of the toe or toes with
regard to that of the brush or brushes may be varied at pleasure both in a vertical
and horizontal direction. In this way the acting portion of the toe or toes, and
that portion of the brush or brushes which is or are in contact with the surface of
the reel shall be as near as possible in the same horizontal line, thus ensuring that
proper motion is given to the brush or brushes, and that undue pressure on the
surface of the bolt or reel is prevented.
Fifth. I provide my apparatus with disengaging or releasing gear of any suitable
or desired kind, so that should the apparatus get out of order the brushes will be
raised from the surface of the bolt or reel, so as to prevent injury thereto.
Sixth. I so arrange the spring or springs, which causes or cause the brush or
brushes to act on the reel, that the said spring or springs exerts or exert the least
pressure when the said brush or brushes are acting on the reel at the points where
the covering surface is least supported.

page_text: SPECIFICATION In pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Fatent med by
the said Henry Beaufort Sears in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
June 1879.
"IMPROVE-
HENRY BEAUFORT SEARS, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
MENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO BOLTS AND REELS FOR DRESSING MEAL
AND FLOUR."
This Invention relates to improvements on the Invention for which I obtained
Her Majesty's British Letters Patent, No. 2312 of the year 1878, and has for its
object to increase the efficiency of the apparatus described and illustrated in the
Specification thereto.
In carrying my Invention into effect I proceed as follows:-
First. I so attach the brush or brushes to the carrying arm or arms by means of
clips, joints, hinges, or the like, that the angle and position at which the brush or
brushes is or are presented to the surface of the reel may be adjusted to any
inequalities or irregularities thereof, thereby ensuring the highest efficiency of action
with the minimum of wear and tear.
Under the first part of my Invention, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a brush carry-
ing arm and brush, and Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are detail views of the clips and pieces
for connecting the said brushes to the arm; a, arm formed with the serrations b
and b¹ on its upper and lower surface into the serrations b, the block c fits, and the
block & rests in one of the serrations 61; e, clip; f, securing nut; g, brush. The
serration of the arm at top and bottom, together with the blocks c and d fitting
therein, allow of the position of the brush being varied both longitudinally and
angularly, to allow of decreasing or increasing the leverage in such manner as to
permit the position of the brush or brushes being adjusted to any inequalities in
the form or twist of the reel.
Second. I construct the brushes of metal tubes having any convenient or desired
configuration in cross section, and I secure the bristles or their equivalents thereto
by passing them through holes or slots in the metal tube, and fill the interior thereof
with pitch, resin, cement, or similar compound, or I preferably fill the interior of
the metal tube with wood or with paper pulp, or similar material, and insert the
bristles into holes or slots in the metal and wood or other material, and secure them
therein in any suitable manner. The above construction of brushes employed in
combination with my apparatus ensures great regidity and lightness.
Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are views in cross section of brushes constructed under the above
Becond part of my Invention; h is the metal tube; i, the bristles; and j, the filling
or securing agent. In Fig. 6 the metal tube is in one piece, and the bristles are
inserted through holes in the said tube. In Fig. 7 the metal tube is in one piece,
connected together by flanges, which serve to give longitudinal regidity; here the
bristles are also inserted through holes. In Fig. 8 the metal tube is formed with
flanges, which are made to clip the bristles placed in the slot formed by the said
flanges. The filling may be pitch, resin, wood, paper pulp, or other suitable
matter.
Third. I provide the shaft carrying the brush or brushes with an arm or its
equivalent, whereby the said brush or brushes may be raised from the surface of the
reel during any required portion of a revolution or number of revolutions. If
desired motion may be given to the said arm by means of a cam or equivalent device,
or any other suitable or desirable mechanism may be used for raising the brushes.
By employing apparatus as above described, wear and tear of the surface of the bolt
or reel is prevented.
Fig. 9 is a view illustrative of the above third part of my Invention. h is the
shaft carrying the brush or brushes, to which is secured the arm k by means of the
boss and binding screw 1. By means of the said arm the shaft h may be caused to

page_text: rotate; so as to raise the brush or brushes from off the surface of the bolt or reel
when desired.
Fig. 10 is a view of an arm for raising the brushes out of action under the above
third part of my Invention operated by a lever; 1 is the reel, g are the brushes,
m is the lever attached to the arm k by a pin. When the lever is pushed so as to
operate the arm and raise the brushes, the notch n catches on the piece o, and the
brushes remain out of action until the lever is again released.
Fourth. I construct the toe piece or toe pieces in two or more portions hinged or
connected together in such manner that the acting portion of the toe or toes with
regard to that of the brush or brushes may be varied at pleasure both in a vertical
and horizontal direction. In this way the acting portion of the toe or toes, and
that portion of the brush or brushes, which is or are in contact with the surface of
the reel, shall be as near as possible in the same horizontal line, thus ensuring that
proper motion is given to the brush or brushes, and that undue pressure on the
surface of the bolt or reel is prevented.
Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a toe piece constructed under the fourth part of my
Invention. The said toe piece is constructed of two portions p, p', hinged or con-
nected together by the pin q; r, adjusting screw for regulating the angle between
the two portions p, p', of the toe piece. The forming of the said toe piece in two
parts allows of the relative positions of the bottom of the pulley r, which bears on
the form or reel and of the brushes, to be varied at pleasure. In some cases the arm.
may be made adjustable longitudinally, or be made telescopic, as well as be made
adjustable vertically or angularly, as shown. It will be seen that when renewal of
a wheel or of bearings becomes necessary, the simple removal of a pin allows of said
renewal being effected.
Fifth. I provide my apparatus with disengaging or relieving gear of any suitable
or desired kind, so that should the apparatus get out of order the brushes will be
raised from the surface of the bolt or reel, so as to prevent injury thereto.
Fig. 9 is a side elevation, illustrative of the fifth part of my Invention. Here s
is a spring, bolt, or catch, which serves to retain the disengaging piece t, connected
by the rope or cord u to the weight in position. Should any part of the apparatus
get out of order, so as to allow of the brush or brushes having too much motion,
the arm k attached to the shaft h will move so as to release the bolt or catch 8, and
the weight will raise the disengaging piece t. The said piece t will act on the arm
k by means of the lug t¹, and thereby lift the brushes away from the reel.
Sixth. I so arrange the spring or springs, which causes or cause the brush or
brushes to act on the reel that the said spring or springs exerts or exert the least
pressure when the said brush or brushes are acting on the reel at the points where
the covering surface is least supported.
Fig. 12 is an end view, illustrative of the above sixth part of my Invention; h,
shaft; o, reel; w, supporting brackets or flanges; p, toe piece; r, pulley; x, spring.
The spring here shown is attached to the bracket or flange w and to the toe piece p
in such manner that the pressure on the toe piece decreases as the pulley travels
towards the centre of the flat sides of the reel. The brushes are thereby prevented
from injuring the silk.
In Fig. 13 the position of the spring and toe piece is inverted, but the action is
the same.
Figs. 14 and 15 show the method of applying a volute spring for the same
purpose.
Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19, show modified arrangements, with springs similar to those
described in Figs. 12, 13.
It will be obvious that numerous further arrangements and constructions of
springs could be made under the above sixth part.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention in such manner that others will be enabled to carry my improvements
into effect, I claim, -
Under the first part, the brush or brushes g, arm or arms a, clips or equivalents

page_text: c, d, e, f, combined and operating substantially in the manner and for the purposes
set forth.
Under the second part, constructing brushes of metal tubes, bristles, and filling,
and using them in combination with bolts and reels for dressing meal and flour,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Under the third part (I.), in combination with apparatus for brushing bolts or
reels, constructed as herein before described, or as described in the Specification to
British Letters Patent, No. 2132, of the year 1878, an arm or its equivalent for
raising the brush or brushes from the reels for the purpose set forth.
(II.) The apparatus or appliance for giving notion to the brush raising arm or its
equivalent, and retaining it in position, substantially as set forth.
Under the fourth part, constructing toe pieces in two or more portions hinged or
connected together for the purposes set forth.
Under the fifth part, in combination with bolt or reel brushing apparatus or
appliances, constructed as herein described, or as described in the Specification to
British Letters Patent, No. 2132, of the year 1878, disengaging or relieving gear,
for the purpose set forth.
Under the sixth part, arranging springs to act on the toe pieces, substantially in
the manner and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Beaufort Sears, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eleventh day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
זורז-
DA
HENRY DEAUFORT SEARS. (14.3.)