Improvements in Flexible Hose Intended to Resist High Fluid Pressure.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 16th Jan.. 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Flexible Hose Intended to Resist High Fluid
Pressure.
1 FRANK REDDAWAY, Managing Director of the Firm of F. Reddaway & Co.
Limited, of Cheltenham Street, Pendleton, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturers of Woven Machine Belting and Hose, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to improvements in flexible hose intended to resist
high fluid pressure and is particularly applicable to hose used in connection with
hydraulic apparatus. In armoured hose used for such a purpose, it has been found
that the hose is apt to become extended by the extreme pressure, parting the wire
coils and exposing the hose to the danger of rupture at the unsupported points.
The object of my present invention is to obviate this defect by applying a strong
metallic covering or armour thereto in such a manner that separation and exposure
of the hose is prevented while the flexibility of the hose is preserved.
In carrying my invention into effect I cover the hose with an envelope or casing
of plaited wire the wires or wire strands crossing each other and forming a flexible
When hose covered
jacket which completely envelopes and encloses the hose.
with this plaited wire envelope is subject to pressure, the longitudinal extension of
the hose has a tendency to reduce the circumference, but this tendency is corrected
or minimised by the circumferential expansion of the hose due to the internal
pressure. Thus the two forces correct and tend to balance each other. At all
events there is no withdrawal or separation of the outer metallic casing, and the
bose being fully supported at all points is not so easily ruptured as heretofore.
In plaiting the said wire covering upon the hose I might use single wires or
several wires side by side, or formed into strands and 1 might plait one covering
over another. The plaiting might be of any pattern or design, and is performed
by suitable plaiting mechanism.
In some cases to improve the appearance of the hose or to strengthen it, I might
apply an outer covering of wire coils to the plaited envelope, the said wire coils
being applied on the now well known Sphincter Grip principle.
Improvements in Flexible Hose Intended to Resist High Fluid
Pressure.
I FRANK REDDAWAY, Managing Director of the Firm of F. Reddaway & Co.
Limited, of Cheltenham Street, Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturers of Woven Machine Belting and Hose, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly

page_text: described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:-
My said invention relates to improvements in flexible hose intended to resist
high fluid pressure and is particularly applicable to hose used in connection with
hydraulic apparatus. In armoured hose used for such a purpose, it has been found
that the hose becomes extended by the extreme pressure and by its decrease of
diameter either shrinks inward from the wire coils or otherwise draws the wire
coils apart longitudinally and exposes the hose to the danger of rupture at the
unsupported points. The object of my present invention is to obviate these defects
by applying a strong metallic covering or armour thereto in such a manner that
separation and exposure of the hose is prevented while the flexibility of the hose is
preserved.
To illustrate my invention I have annexed hereto a sheet of drawings to which
I will now refer.
Fig. 1 is an external view of a portion of my improved hose.
Figs. 2 and 3 show the wire envelope under distending and elongating forces.
Fig. 4 shows the hose with wire netting inserted in the walls.
Fig. 5 shows my improved hose with a separate "sphincter-grip" covering.
In carrying my invention into effect I cover the hose a with an envelope or
casing b of plaited wire, the wires or wire strands crossing each other and forming
a flexible net work jacket which completely envelopes and encloses the hose, as
plainly shown in Fig. 1.
The said metallic netting or jacket bis so flexible both circumferentially and
longitudinally that it follows and closely embraces the hose a no matter what
changes of relative proportions the latter may assume under pressure. For
instance if the hose should be stretched and extended longitudinally by the
pressure, the plaited metallic jacket will also draw out longitudinally as shown in
Fig. 3 and maintain its supporting contact with the hose. On the other hand
should the hose expand circumferentially under pressure and tend to contract in
length, as might happen, the said plaited metallic jacket is equally ready for the
emergency as it also is capable of expanding circumferentially and contracting
longitudinally as indicated in Fig. 2 owing to its universal flexible properties,
which enable it to adapt itself to all conditions of the hose without relaxing its
support and protection.
The said flexible plaited wire jacketing instead of being applied to the exterior
of the hose as set forth, might as shown in Fig. 4 be inserted or embedded in the
thickness or wall of the hose a, with suitable foundations or wrappings of canvas
to separate the wire from the rubber. In such a case I might as indicated in
Fig. 4 apply several concentric insertions or reticulations of plaited wire in the
wall of the hose each insertion or layer being separated by concentric thicknesses
of rubber and canvas the united pressure resisting powers of the said insertions
conferring great strength upon the hose.
In plaiting the said wire covering upon the hose I might use single wires or
several wires side by side, or formed into strands and I might plait one covering
over another. The plaiting might be of any pattern or design, and is performed
by suitable plaiting mechanism, the apparatus which I at present use being merely
a modified form of an ordinary yarn or cord plaiting machine.
In some cases to improve the appearance of the hose or to strengthen it, I might
as shown in Fig. 5 apply an outer covering of wire coils c to the plaited envelope,
the said wire coils being applied on the now well known "sphincter grip
principle.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is.

page_text: with a flexible jacket of plaited or netted wire, substantially as hereinbefore set
forth and as illustrated.
2. Flexible hose intended to resist high fluid pressures and having inserted or
embedded in its thickness or wall, one or more concentric plaited wire strengthening
jackets or reticulations substantially as set forth and as illustrated.
3. The improved wire jacketed or reticulated flexible hose as set forth and as
referred to in Claims 1 and 2 in combination with an outer covering of wire coils
applied on the Sphincter Grip principle as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Dated this 27th day of October 1896.
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents.