Improvements in and connected with Electric Motors partly applicable to Dynamos.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 14th June, 1899-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Electric Motors partly
applicable to Dynamos.
We, SAMUEL WILLIAM MAQUAY, of 1, Whittingstall Road, Fulham, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, and PAUL EDWARD VANDERPUMP, of 5, Philpot
Lane, in the City of London, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in electric motors part of
which are applicable also to dynamos.
In an electric motor constructed according to this invention there is provided
a speed reducing (or increasing) gear by mounting the armature upon a sleeve
carrying a pinion or the like such sleeve being provided with suitable anti-
friction bearings such as balls, cones, or the like, to enable it to run freely upon
a central spindle. The bearings are adjustable from the ends to enable wear
to be taken up. The spindle is suitably arranged to drive (preferably directly)
the apparatus, vessel, or machine to which the motor is applied and receives
the power from a pinion or the like secured thereon such pinion being driven
by suitable gear or the like from the pinion or the like on the armature sleeve.
The gear may be carried in a separate frame which is readily removeable for
the purpose of substituting other gears.
The armature brushes are arranged opposite each other and in the same plane
being preferably carried by arms on a ring surrounding the sleeve which ring
The brushes are
is divided and insulated so that the brushes are separated.
preferably carbon blocks carried by the arms or parts connecting same and are
pressed on the segment by springs. The ring carries plugs or contact making
blocks which are preferably pressed by springs against a disc to which the
current is supplied through suitable terminals, the disc having metal segments
so connected and insulated that as the brushes are put over the current through
the motor is reversed. The brushes are preferably directly operated from a
lever or suitable means so that advantage may be taken of the small movement
which is required to effect the reversal (a quarter turn being sufficient in one
form of my invention) such lever serving for stopping starting and reversing.
The brushes or one of them or a part connected thereto may move means
(when the motor is run from a primary battery) for raising the zincs out of the
battery solution when the brushes are set so that the current is off the motor
or for separting the electrodes in the cells so that an increased resistance in the
battery and a reduction of the current at the same time is obtained. In this
way no waste will take place in the battery when it is not in use the current is
only consumed according to the power required and no resistances are necessary
in connection with the motor.
One means of effecting this is by causing one of the brushes or an insulated

page_text: arm attached to same to be operated by a toothed segment from a pinion which
through a second pinion and segment or directly is connected to the controlling
handle or lever.
A separate battery or source of power for the field magnets and for the arma-
ture may be employed if desired and when doing so the brushes may carry a
pin or arm which operates in the movement of the brushes a disc or a switch
of some suitable form so that the direction of the current may be changed to pass
it through the field magnet in the same direction as through the armature.
Dated this 14th day of September 1898.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicants.
Improvements in and connected with Electric Motors partly
applicable to Dynamos.
We, SAMUEL WILLIAM MAQUAY, of 1, Whittingstall Road, Fulham, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, and PAUL EDWARD VANDERPUMP, of 5, Philpot
Lane, in the City of London, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in electric motors part of
which are applicable also to dynamos.
In an electric motor constructed according to this invention there is provided
a speed reducing (or increasing) gear by mounting the armature upon a sleeve
carrying a pinion or the like such sleeve being provided with suitable anti-
friction bearings such as balls, cones, or the like, to enable it to run freely upon
a central spindle. The bearings are adjustable from the ends to enable wear
to be taken up. The spindle is suitably arranged to drive (preferably directly)
the apparatus, vessel, or machine to which the motor is applied and receives
the power from a pinion or the like secured thereon such pinion being driven
by suitable gear or the like from the pinion or the like on the armature sleeve.
The gear may be carried in a separate frame which is readily removable for the
purpose of substituting other gears, or they may be otherwise removeable.
The armature brushes are arranged opposite each other and in the same plane
being preferably carried by arms on a ring which ring is divided and insulated
so that the brushes are separated. The brushes are preferably carbon blocks
carried by the arms or parts connecting same and are pressed on the commu-
tator by springs. The ring carries plugs or compact making blocks which are
preferably pressed by springs against segments on an insulated dise to which
segments the current is supplied through suitable terminals. These segments
may be arranged so that as the brushes are put over the current through the
motor is reversed or a suitable switch may be employed. The brushes are pre-
ferably operated from a lever or suitable means, such lever serving for stopping,
starting and reversing.
One means of effecting this is by causing one of the brushes or an insulated
arm attached to same to be operated by a toothed segment from a pinion which
through a second pinion and segment or directly is connected to the controlling
handle or lever.

page_text: One manner of carrying out my invention is shewn in the accompanying
drawing in which—
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a motor shewing my improvements
applied thereto, and
Fig. 2 is a section on line - of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow.
The armature a is secured on the sleeve b carrying a further sleeve bon
which is a pinion c, the sleeve 6 having feathered to it tapered rings d d pro-
vided with grooves forming a part of a race for anti-friction balls. Inside the
sleeve is the spindle e which also has keyed to it tapered rings f f having like
grooves forming the other part of the race. These grooves are wider longitu-
dinally in the direction of the length of the spindle than the balls in order
that one of them may be moved to take up the wear and yet leave a groove
sufficiently wide for the balls. The rings which are adjustable to take up wear
are those carried by the sleeve and such adjustment may be effected by means
of the screwed and Hanged collars g g. The spindle may drive from the point
the apparatus, propellor, or the like to which the motor is applied and receives
power from a pinion secured thereon which is driven by gears jj from the
pinion c. These gears run in a casing k which may be formed to act as an oil
bath and the gears jj are so arranged that they can be readily changed on
opening the case (such as by lifting them from their bearings m m) so as to
alter the power.
By this method of driving from a sleeve onto an internal spindle it will be
seen that if both run in the same direction the reduction of speed through the.
gears at the spindle will result in a reduction of the number of revolutions on
the internal bearings of the sleeves.
The brushes are arranged opposite to each other and in the same plane. They
consist of shaped carbon blocks n each held in dovetail grooves in a holder
of an arm o such blocks being pressed upon the commutator by a spring 1
which may be arranged around a guiding rod q' of a plate 12 against which the
carbon seats.
The arm is bolted on the fork of an arm so as to be adjustable radially
and such arms are formed as shewn in Fig. 2 so that each forms a part of a ring
the two parts being separated by insulating pieces at the points where
they are bolted together on a ring of insulating material s.
Each arm carries plugs or contact making blocks t having guide rods t¹ and
outwardly pressed by springs 12 against metal rings or segments uv carried by
a disc w of insulating material secured to a part surrounding the spindle and
formed as a casting with the framing. One of the blocks t bears against seg-
ment and the other against segment and the two segments are connected at
some suitable point to the current supply as shown in Fig. 2. To effect a
reversal of the current in the present case one of the arms carries a pin o¹ so
that when the arms are moved to bring the brushes sufficiently far round the
pin may by its movement alter the position of a switch which will reverse the
current through the motor. The brushes are operated from a lever y pivoted
by means of a pin in a suitable bearing and carrying a segment y which
operates a pinion y on a shaft which through another pinion y operates a seg-
ment attached to the lower arm r so that the movement of the handle is
transmitted to the arms r which can thus move the brushes around the com-
mutator so that they may be moved to and from the vertical plane in which
the field magnets lie with the results of varying the speed while a further
movement will enable the switch referred to, to be moved by the pin o¹ to such
a point that it will come into operation to reverse the current through the
motor.
The lever y may move means (when the motor is run from a primary battery)
for raising the zincs out of the battery solution when the brushes are set so
that the current is off the motor or for separating the electrodes in the cells so
that an inreased resistance in the battery and a reduction of the current at the

page_text: same time is obtained. In this way no waste will take place in the battery
when it is not in use the current is only consumed according to the power
required and no resistances are necessary in connection with the motor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In an electric motor or the like, the arrangement of the spindle, sleeve
surrounding the same and carrying the armature and adjustable bearings,
substantially as described.
2. In an electric motor, the arrangement of the spindle, sleeve surrounding
same and carrying the armature, gears driven from said sleeve and spindle
driven by said gears, substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. In an electric motor or the like, the arrangement of insulated arms oppo-
site each other, insulated ring, adjustable brushes and contact making plugs
carried by the arms, substantially as and for the purpose described.
4. In an electric motor or the like, the arrangement of insulated disc, metallic
rings or segments, spring pressed contact blocks and arms carrying said blocks
and the brushes, substantially as and for the purpose described.
5. In an electric motor or the like, the arrangement of arms carrying the
brushes, a segment carried by one of said arms, a pinion for operating said
segment and a handle for operating said pinion and thereby moving the brushes
in respect to the commutator, substantially as and for the purpose described.
6. The improved motor substantially as described and illustrated.
1
ቦ Τ'
1000
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicants.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicants.