CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES, MA- CHINERY, OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, DRAWING, OR FORCING BEER, ALE, OR OTHER LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
WARNE, of Blackfriars Road, in the County of Surrey, Pewterer and Beer
Engine Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Thirtieth day of July, in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas
Warne, Her especial license that I, the said Thomas Warne, my exors,
adiñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Warne, my exors,
adiiors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and as others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, and also in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney,
Sark, and Man, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES, MA-
CHINERY, OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING, DRAWING, OR FORCING BEER, ALE, OR OTHER
LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said Thomas Warne, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within

page_text: six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Warne, do hereby declare that my Invention of "Certain Improve-
ments in Engines, Machinery, or Apparatus for Raising, Drawing, or Forcing
Beer, Ale, or other Liquids or Fluids, relates to such engines as are usually
called beer and spirit machines, and that the nature of my Invention consists
in giving a more steady bearing than it has heretofore had for the fulcrum of
the crank handle of the machine, by mounting it on a separate and wholly
independent standard, such standard not deriving its support from any other
part of the machine. And also in giving to the piston a more steady motion,
and preserving its parallelism with the barrel in which it works by certain
guides connected with the said standard and the piston rod, by which guidance
friction from uneven working of the piston and piston rod is greatly diminished,
and the labor of working such pumps is reduced, while pumps so constructed
will keep much longer in repair, both objects of great importance in the bar
rooms of public-houses where business must be partially suspended during
repairs to the pumps. And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said Thomas Warnie, do hereby describe the manner in which my said Inven-
tion is to be performed by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawing annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
similar letters being used to denote similar parts in all the Figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
...Figure 1 is a side view of an engine or pump for elevating beer, spirits, or
other liquids usually drawn by such machines. Part of the barrel B is shown
in section, and gives a view of the piston H. The piston rod is marked R.
The stuffing box m is covered by a cap n, which is kept down upon the
counter by the nut or top of the stuffing box / screwing down upon it. p is
the supply pipe (usually called the suction pipe). D is the delivery or exit
pipe. L shows the lever or levers, which the piston rod R is either raised
or depressed. q, slings or lifts, connecting the piston rod with the lever L, in
order to assist in securing a parallel motion. S is a standard or pedestal,
quite independent of either the barrel B or the exit or delivery passage D, and
not deriving its support from any other portion of the machine, but solely in
this case from the counter. On this standard S. is fixed a guide G, through
which the piston rod R works, and consequently it, with its piston, aided by
the slings, is at all times maintained in a direct or vertical position, or in a

page_text: position of parallelism with the cylinder or barrel B. f is the fulcrum upon
this standard S, on which the lever L works or is worked.
:
Figure 2 is a back view of part of Figure 1, or taken on the side (A) of
Fig. 1, therefore the delivery pipe is not seen, as it is hid by the standard or
pedestal S; but it more clearly shews the connection of the piston rod R with
the lever L, by means of the slings 7:
Figure 3 is a sectional plan, showing the passage P leading from the
barrel B to the delivery pipe D, colored blue in the liquor ways, to make the
distinction complete between the delivery pipe D and the base of the separate
standard S, which is colored pink.
Figure 4 differs only from Figure 3 in having a double passage P, P.,
Figure 5 is a plan of Figure 4, but only the delivery pipe D and standard
or pedestal S are shewn in section and colored.
i
Figure 6 shows the standard or pedestal S secured to the counter by screws
or bolts and nuts, quite independent of anything else, excepting that portion
of the lever L, with its axis or fulcrum f, which it supports.
:
Figure 7 shews a pair of columns, or what may be termed a double
standard, with an arch connecting them at top, on which is the axis or
fulcrum f, as before. These columns or double standards are marked S. On
the piston rod R is fixed a cross head X, which slides freely up and down the
standards S, S, so as to keep up the parallelism of the piston rod, which is
intended to be attached to the lever L, as in Figure 1.
Figure 8 is different from Figure 1, in having the standard S at the back
of the piston, and instead of in front. This Figure shews low liquor may be
elevated by the action of the foot instead of the hand, by pressing the foot. on
the treadle t, communicating with the lever by the rod or bar r, the piston
being returned by the spring d on withdrawing the foot, this spring having
been depressed during the operation of pumping.
Figure 9 merely shews the front of the bow spring d, but which may be of
a spiral or any other form.
Figure 10, shown in pink lines, exhibits a method of clevating and returning
the piston by hand, but under the counter, the pin g being fixed. The
handle h may be raised and depressed in a vertical direction to work the
piston.
Figure 11 is a side, and Figure 12 a front view, in which two columns or
standards S are shown, which are adapted to keep up parallelism of the piston
rod, by means of guides formed by the standards S, up and down each of
which a roller or sheave & runs, and which rollers are connected with the piston

page_text: rod by the cross head A. 2, two bars or distance pieces to keep the
standards S together.
Figure 13 differs from Figure 6 only in the standard S being secured to
the counter by one bolt and nut only; or it may be screwed down upon the
counter, or otherwise secured to it.
Figure 14 shows the piston rod worked by a crank w, connected with the
piston rod by the rod a, the handle h giving a revolving motion to the winch c,
or it may be semi or partially revolving, as shown at Figures or Diagrams
15, 16, and 17, where the letters y to and y to show its alteration.
Figure 18 shows a pair of standards, somewhat similar to Figures
11 and 12; but the motion is altered from Figures 14, 15, 16, and 17, by
being a direct reciprocating motion, by putting forwards and pushing back
again the handle h, which is guided in its direction by the cross head X,
traversing in the grove or slot b. This form requires no crank.
Figure 19, W, represents a portable beer-engine case, containing the
barrel and suction, either singly or in any convenient number which may be
required for home use or transmission to the Colonies, or other parts herein-
before named, so that it would in this form be an entire apparatus. The top
of this Figure is shown flat, the form which I think best adapted to receive and
support the separate standard S.
Figure 20 shows the motion from the lever L taken direct to the piston
rcd R; the junction is shown at u, therefore differing from Figures 1 and 2
in not having the slings or lifts g, the guidance in this case being by the
guide rods E, which work through the compound guide G, fixed upon the
standard S, and thus a parallelism of the piston rod is maintained, because
these guide rods are attached to the piston rod by the bar 1, or they and the
guide rods E, the cross piece e, and the piston rod R, might be in one casting
or entire piece.
Figure 21 is a plan or horizontal view of a portion of Figure 20, and
distinctly shows how the arms of the guides G are brought from the separate
standard S for the rods E to work up and down through them. Only one
guide rod E would answer, but not so well as two, as here shown.
And I hereby claim as my Invention,―
First, placing the axis of motion or fulcrum of the leverage, by which
motion is communicated for working the pump of the machine, upon a separate
and independent standard, deriving no support from any other part of the
machine, but having an independent bearing on the top of the counter, the top
of the machine case, or other independent situation, either in the manner

page_text: herein-before shown, or in any other independent way which may be found
more advantageous, such standars being either solid, hollow, or framed
together, and of any suitable material; and by which separate standards I
have the means of applying guides which assist in maintaining a correct
central or parallel motion of the bucket, piston, or plunger, in the barrel of
the pump during the operation of pumping, and of passing the piston rod
through such guides, as before explained, such standards being in all cases
separate, and deriving no support from and wholly independent of the barrel
of the pump, as well as the delivery or outlet pipe, and every other part of the
machine, whereby a steadiness of motion is obtained which has not yet been
accomplished in pumps used for the purposes I have described.
Secondly, I claim guides on the said standards herein-before described,
keeping in a right direction the piston rods of such machines as aforesaid,
aided by the various parallel motions dependent on the said guides for their
correct action.
Thirdly, I claim the obtaining of motion to work the pump of such
machines as aforesaid by means of a treadle under the counter or below the
pumps, as herein-before set forth, by means of a rod or rods, having the axis
or fulcrum of motion upon a separate standard aforesaid, and either with or
without the parallel motion which I have herein-before described. And,
Lastly, I claim the application of the crank to such standards as aforesaid,
as shown at Figure 14.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Warne, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of January, One thousand