IMPROVEMENTS IN BORING THROUGH EARTH OR OTHER SOIL BY MEANS OF WATER PRESSURE, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BORING THROUGH EARTH OR OTHER SOIL BY MEANS OF
WATER PRESSURE, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."-A communication from
abroad by Christian Casper Mortensen, of the Well-boring Company,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th March 1872.
I, PETER JENSEN, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBING THROUGH EARTH OR OTHER SOIL BY
MEANS OF WATER PRESSURE, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," (a communication
to me from abroad by Christian Casper Mortensen, of the Well-boring
Company, Aalborg, in the Kingdom of Denmark,) to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to bore through soil for the purpose

page_text: of obtaining water, or for ascertaining the condition of the soil, or for
sinking tube piles for bridges, or for mines, or wells, or other similar
works, also where loose soil is met with at a depth to treat such loose
soil in order to give it the required consistency to enable the boring to
be continued without supporting the soil by means of tubing. The
means employed for boring are water pressure in combination with
certain mechanical appliances, all as hereafter described.
A tube of convenient size for the purpose intended is first driven or
otherwise lowered into the ground. A tube of a somewhat smaller outer
diameter than the inside diameter of the outer tube is then lowered down
into the latter, which guides it vertically. A hose connects the top of
the inner tube with the delivery nozzle of a hydraulic pump. Water
being forced down through this inner tube impinges against the soil at
the bottom of the same and softens it, forcing it up through the space
between the inner and the outer tube, and out through one or more
outlets at the top of the latter. The inner and the outer tube can thus
be easily and gradually lowered by pressure or blow.
When working through very loose soil, after passing through firmer
soil such as freestone, slate, and the like, it is of course impossible to
support such loose soil by means of tubes.
Now according to this Invention the use of such tubing is obviated,
and a suitable firmness or consistency is given to the loose soil by forcing
through the inner tube and together with the water some other material
or materials which when combined with the loose soil and set or hard-
ened would serve to give the latter a sufficient hardness in and about the
boring hole. The material or materials employed must depend upon the
quality of the loose soil, but the following may be named as suitable for
some cases, viz., hydraulic cement, plaster of Paris, or chalk.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on 30
the 14th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer-
and Patent Agent, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Peter Jensen, Her special licence that I,
the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BORING THROUGH
EARTH OR OTHER SOIL BY MEANS OF WATER PRESSURE, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR,'
(a communication to me from abroad by Christian Casper Mortensen, of
the Well-boring Company, Aalborg, in the Kingdom of Denmark,) upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Jensen, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is to bore through soil for the purpose of
obtaining water, or for ascertaining the condition of the soil, or for
sinking tube piles for bridges, or for mines, or wells, or other similar
works, also where loose soil is met with at a depth to treat such loose
soil in order to give it the required consistency to enable the boring to
be continued without supporting the soil by means of tubing. The
means employed for boring are water pressure in combination with
certain mechanical appliances, all as hereafter described.
The first part of this Invention refers to boring by means of hydraulic
pressure, and is illustrated by means of the annexed Sheet of Drawings,

page_text: of which Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of the boring tubes
with pump attached; and Figure 2, a section through the lower part of
the tubes, drawn at an enlarged scale.
A tube A of convenient size for the purpose intended is first driven or
otherwise lowered into the ground. A. tube B of a somewhat smaller
outer diameter than the inside diameter of the outer tube is then lowered
down into the latter, which guides it vertically. A hose C connects the
top of the inner tube with the delivery nozzle of a hydraulic pump D,
the size of which depends upon the power applied, the size of tubes, and
the nature of the soil. Water being forced down through this inner
tube B impinges against the soil at the bottom of the same, and the
earth, sand, gravel, loam, or other soil is thereby softened and mixed
with the water forced up through the space between the inner and the
outer tube, and out through one or more outlets at the top of the latter.
The inner and the outer tube can thus be easily and gradually lowered
by pressure or blow, as the soil under them is in this manner washed

page_text: And Secondly. The mode of lining the bore or treating the walls of
said bore when passing through loose soil, substantially as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
PETER JENSEN. (L.S.)