IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS POR SIGNALLING BETWEEN CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES OF RAILWAY TRAINS, AND IN MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR CONNECTING THE WIRES OF ADJOINING CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Glanville Newman, Telegraph Super-
intendent to the London and North Western Railway Company,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and Eugene George
Bartholomew, of 13, Cathcart Hill, Upper Holloway, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS
OF AND APPARATUS POR SIGNALLING BETWEEN CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES OF
RAILWAY TRAINS, AND IN MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR CONNECTING THE WIRES
OF ADJOINING CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES."
Sealed the 6th May 1873, and dated the 9th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Glanville
Newman and Eugene George Bartholomew at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th November
1872.
We, GEORGE GLANVILLE NEWMAN, Telegraph Superintendent to the
London and North Western Railway Company, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, and EUGENE GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW, of 13,
Cathcart Hill, Upper Holloway, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING BETWEEN CARRIAGES OR
VEHICLES OF RAILWAY TRAINS, AND IN MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR CONNECTING THE
WIRES OF ADJOINING CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES," to be as follows:-

page_text: This Invention relates to the effecting of communication by electricity
between the several component parts of a train with a view to enabling
passengers, guards, and engine drivers, or others to communicate. The
method of effecting such communication is as follows:-Within the
compartment of a carriage is fixed a handle, by the motion of which an
indicator fixed externally on the carriage is released, by which the
guard or other official is made aware of the point whence the signal
originated, at the same time effecting a contact between two wires which
run from end to end of each carriage and throughout the train, and by
such contact causing alarms to sound in the vans or engine, or both, in
order to attract attention.
This Invention further consists of a peculiar arrangement of hook or
fastening placed in convenient positions upon the carriages, vans, and
engine, whereby in the event of a coupling becoming broken, and any
portion of a train becoming unintentionally separated, the aforesaid
alarms are unavoidably brought into action.
The book or fastening consists of a pivotted lever having two positions
of rest, one in which it retains the coupling wire which connects any
two carriages, thereby completing the continuity of the wire throughout
the train, and the other in which it completes a metallic circuit between
the two wires of the carriage to which it is attached, and by the com-
pletion of which the alarms are brought into action. The hook is so
arranged as that when the coupling wire is pulled taut by the severance
of the adjoining carriage it revolves on its pivot and completes the
aforesaid contact.
The coupling wire can, however, be taken off when required without
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said George Glanville Newman and Eugene George
Bartholomew in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
GLANVILLE NEWMAN, Telegraph Superintendent to the London and
North Western Railway Company, Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, and EUGENE GEORGE BARTHOLOMEW, of 13, Cathcart Hill, Upper
Holloway, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said George Glanville Newman and
Eugene George Bartholomew, Her special licence that we, the said
George Glanville Newman and Eugene George Bartholomew, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
George Glanville Newman and Eugene George Bartholomew, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING BETWEEN CARRIAGES OR
VEHICLES OF RAailway Trains, AND IN MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR CONNECTING THE
WIRES OF ADJOINING CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES,” upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said George Glanville Newman, and Eugene George
Bartholomew, or one of us, our exccutors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Glanville Newman and
Eugene George Bartholomew, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates to the effecting of communication by electricity
between the several component parts of a train, with a view to enabling
passengers, guards, and engine drivers or others to communicate. The
method of effecting such communication is as follows :-Within the
compartment of each carriage is fixed a handle, by the motion of which
an indicator fixed externally on the carriage is released, by which the
guard or other official is made aware of the point whence the signal

page_text: "
originated, at the same time effecting a contact between wires which run
from end to end of each carriage, and throughout the train, and, by such
contact, causing alarums to sound in the vans or engine, or both, in
order to attract attention.
This Invention further consists of a peculiar arrangement of hook or
fastening placed in convenient positions upon the carriages, vans, and
engine, whereby, in the event of a coupling becoming broken, and any
portion of the train becoming unintentionally separated, the aforesaid
alarms are immediately brought into action.
The hook or fastening consists of a pivotted lever having two positions
of rest, one in which it retains the coupling wire which connects any two
carriages, thereby completing the continuity of the wire throughout the
train, and the other in which it completes a metallic circuit between the
two wires of the carriage to which it is attached, and by the completion
of which the alarms are brought into action. The hook is so arranged as
that when the coupling wire is pulled taut by the severance of the
adjoining carriage it moves on its pivot, and completes the aforesaid
contact.
The coupling wire can however be taken off when required without
necessarily effecting the contact whereby the alarms are sounded.
The Invention will be well understood by reference to the annexed
Sheet of Drawings, in the several Figures of which the same letters are
used to indicate the same parts.
Figure 1 represents a view of a portion of train of railway carriages in
or to which our Invention is applied; Figure 2 is a view of the handle a,
with its attachments, composed of a stem b, enclosed within a tubular
case c, as also a helical spring d which embraces it. This stem has an
exterior pin e, and is kept extended outside the tubular case by the
spring, except when the handle is pulled upon by a person within the
compartment of the carriage in which it is fitted, and preferably at the
part indicated in Figure 3, which represents the internal portion of a
carriage. The end of the projecting portion of this pin is rounded off to
facilitate its entry into an aperture fin the casing g and also in a kind of
bolt h, sec Figures 4 and 5, the bolt being partially hollow for holding a
spring h¹ within it, which causes it to spring towards the end i of the casing
when released. The shell of the bolt has a pin or stud j upon it, which
when at the back end of the casing bears against and keeps a flat bent

page_text: piece of steel from contact with a screw pin 1, but when the bolt is
shot home by its spring the pin j travels with it, and the free end of the
steel piece comes into contact with the screw to form metallic contact
for the current of electricity to pass to the sound signals.
The screw
pin being adjustable in a metal tongue m, insulated but forming part
of a plate n, to which one of the wires, of the battery is connected, the
other wire for the circuit being also upon the plate n. The bolt casing
is fitted upon the outside of the carriage, and the circuit wires are
carried under the eaves board of the roof, or some other. part of the
carriage, and protected from injury in any suitable manner, the handle
being upon the inside of the carriage to be withdrawn from the
aperture of the bolt casing by a simple pull; the bolt then shoots to
the end, and covers up the aperture into which the pin e could other-
wise be inserted. We propose to paint the end of the pin with a
suitable colour, or insert a piece of ivory into it, which covering opposite
the aperture would, indicate the point from which the signal originated
from the outside of the carriage.
Other means of indicating the point may be adopted as found con-
venient. In any case a signal is sounded the instant the handle a is
withdrawn, and it cannot be replaced until the bolt is again set by the
guard or other official from the outside, which setting breaks the metallic
contact, and consequently the electrical circuit.
The next part of our Invention applicable for use in conjunction with
the above described appliances is in Figure 1, or alone, is shown detached
in Figures 6 and 7. p is the plate having a pair of lugs q upon it for
carrying a hook in the hollow 8, of which, when in a vertical position,
a metal loop t, Figure 8, is held, the loop being attached to a wire u, the
length of which is rather more than the distance between two adjoining
carriages to allow the wire to hang freely while the train is travelling.
The opposite end of the wire has also a loop for taking over a hook »¹
upon the adjoining carriage. This latter hook is capable of a movement
only sufficient to enable the loop to be adjusted over its end, and it is
kept bearing against its plate by a spring w, as seen in the back view,
Figure 9, but the former hook can be pulled down to a horizontal position
by the pull of the wire should a disconnection of the carriage take place
from any cause, when the tension of its spring x is overcome, and the
hook falls to bring its tail y into contact with a button z projecting
through the plate p. This button is fixed upon a flexible piece of

page_text: metal A, Figure 10, secured to the plate at B, and when the button is
pushed in its flexible piece bears against an overlapping end of another
flexible piece C insulated from the plate p which is in communication
with the wire D of the opposite pole of a battery, and establishes clec-
trical contact to produce the alarm sound.
Each carriage of the train is similarly fitted at each end, the fall-down
hooks being at the opposite corners, so that whichever ends of the
carriages come together in making up a train the respective hooks are at
the proper sides.
5
In Figure 6 we have shown the two hooks upon plates fitted to the 1
same piece of wood, the plates containing the hook 7 being connected by
the wire E with the flexible piece or spring C fitted in the plate con-
taining the hook r.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim, 1
without confining ourselves to the special shape of appliance shown,-
Firstly. The appliances shown in Figures 1, 4, and 5 of the Drawings
annexed, and their method of action, as and for the purposes described.
Secondly. We claim the appliances shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10
of the annexed Drawings, and their method of action, as and for the 2
purposes described.
Thirdly. We claim the combination of the appliances forming the first
and second parts of our Invention, as herein-before described and
represented in Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Glanville Newman and 2
Eugene George Bartholomew, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Ninth day of May One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-three.
GEO. G. NEWMAN.
(L.S.)
E. G. BARTHOLOMEW. (L.S.)