IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE OF RADIATORS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lewis Walker Leeds of Old Jewry in the City of London
Heating and Ventilating Engineer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE OF RADIATORS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lewis Walker Leeds at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th January 1883.
LEWIS WALKER LEEDS of Old Jewry in the City of London, Heating and
Ventilating Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE
OF RADIATORS FOR HEATING PURPOSES.
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with the manufacture
of radiators for the heating of rooms or other premises The invention consists in
the details hereinafter described whereby certain improvements are effected on the
usual systems of heating and also in the method of manufacturing heating
radiators The ordinary radiators now in use are made by fixing upright or
vertical pipes into a general base pipe, said basepipe forming the necessary means
of communication for the heating medium
According to the first part of my present invention I provide an additional
communicating channel at the top of the radiator so that the heating medium can
be made to circulate either at the top or bottom or through both The second part
of my present invention relates to the construction and manufacture of radiators,
by which the cost of their production is greatly reduced In the ordinary radiator
by a double tube much care is required in the casting which adds considerably to
the cost of the apparatus produced This objectionable feature is almost entirely
obviated according to my present invention by uniting the two pipes as one with
frequent connecting portions or braces where additional strength is required thus
permitting a larger and stronger core being used when casting, said core may
even be of green sand instead of requiring the dry sand cores now generally
necessary As only that portion of the radiator pipe which is exposed toward
the room is of value for direct radiation I make the pipes so as to expose a
truncated conical surface toward the room and but a comparatively small surface
at the back where the radiation is of little value, if not an objection The back
may be slightly curved in order to secure additional strength if desired In the

page_text: manufacture of radiators in accordance with this principle which I deem of
considerable value I prefer to make special right and left castings for either end
and to so model them that any number of interchangeable sections of one, two, or
more pipes may be inserted between said end sectious and thus form a radiator of
the desired length The universal or connecting top chamber may be formed in
the castings themselves or by means of the pipe by which the several sections are
secured together By this system of vertical pipes with communicating chambers
at top and bottom a most efficient control of the circulating medium is obtained as
it may enter at the bottom through a portion or the whole of the pipes and ascend
to the top passing through the universal connection chamber or pipe and sub-
sequently be discharged either at the top or bottom, or the process may be reversed
and the feed take place at the top. A water or other suitable trap may be located
at the bottom of the pipe in which the air vent is placed so as to allow the escape
of air and the retention of the heating medium In certain cases it is desirable
that the radiator should be partially protected from direct exposure and to
accomplish this without detracting materially from the effect of direct radiation
while leaving the radiator freely exposed for cleaning I place on the most
projecting portions, thin metallic shields which may be either plain or ornamental
as deemed most preferable

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Lewis Walker Leeds in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th July 1883.
LEWIS WALKER LEEDS of Old Jewry in the City of London, Heating and
Ventilating Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE
OF RADIATORS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
This Invention relates to improvements in and connected with the manufacture
of radiators for the heating of rooms or other premises. The invention consists in
the details hereinafter described whereby certain improvements are effected on the
usual systems of heating and also in the method of manufacturing heating radiators
To clearly explain my present invention reference is made to the accompanying
drawings in which Figs 1. 2 and 3 represent elevations of the forms of radiators
which are shown in section and plan in Figs 4. 5. 6 & 7 in Figs 8. 9 & 10 and in
Figs 11. 12 & 13 respectively while Fig 14 represents in sectional elevation the top
of a modified form of the radiator shown in Figs 8. 9 & 10 In all the figures, like
letters of reference refer to corresponding parts of the apparatus. The ordinary
radiators now in use are made by fixing upright or vertical pipes into a general
basepipe said basepipe forming the necessary means of communication for the
heating medium. According to the first part of my present invention I provide an
additional communicating channel A at the top of the radiator so that the heating
medium can be made to circulate either at the top A. or bottom B or through
both The second part of my present invention relates to the construction and
manufacture of radiators by which the cost of their production is greatly reduced
In the ordinary radiator with a double tube much care is required in the casting
which adds considerably to the cost of the apparatus produced This objectionable
feature is almost entirely obviated according to my present invention by uniting
the two pipes C as one with frequent connecting portions or braces d where
additional strength is required thus permitting a larger and stronger core being
used when casting, said core may even be of green sand instead of requiring the
dry sand cores now generally necessary As only that portion of the radiator pipe C
which is exposed toward the room is of value for direct radiation I make the pipes
so as to expose a truncated wedge shaped surface toward the room as shown in the
drawings and but a comparatively small surface at the back where the radiation is
of little value if not an objection The back may be slightly curved as also shown
in the drawings in order to secure additional strength if desired In the manu-
facture of radiators in accordance with this principle which I deem of considerable
value I prefer to make special right and left castings E & F for either end and to
so model them that any number of interchangeable sections G of one, two, or more
pipes may be inserted between said end sections and thus form a radiator of the
desired length The universal or connecting top chamber A may be formed in the
castings themselves as shown in Figs 4. 5. 11 & 12 or by means of the pipe as
shown in Figs 8. 9 & 10 by which the several sections are secured together The
pipes being plugged at the ends and tapped to receive nuts e. e or otherwise
adapted to hold the sections together By this system of vertical pipes with
communicating chambers at top and bottom a most efficient control of the
circulating medium is obtained as it may enter at the bottom through a portion or
the whole of the pipes, and ascend to the top passing through the universal
connection chamber or pipe and subsequently be discharged either at the top or
bottom or the process may at any time be reversed and the feed take place at the
top A water or other suitable trap H may be located at the bottom of the pipe in

page_text: which the air vent h. is placed so as to allow the escape of air and the retention of
the heating medium In certain cases it is desirable that the radiator should be
partially protected from direct exposure and to accomplish this without detracting
materially from the effect of direct radiation while leaving the radiator freely
exposed for cleaning I place on the most projecting portions, thin metallic
shields ff which may be either plain or ornamental as deemed most preferable In
the form of radiator represented in Figs 1. 4. 5. 6 & 7 the sections are secured
together at the top and bottom by bolts g. g In Figs 8. 9 & 10 in which the
upright pipes are separate pieces from the top and bottom chambers, they are
represented as being held together at the top by means of the chamber or pipe A
while at the bottom they are secured to the base casting by screwing or being
driven thereinto In Figs 11 and 12 the top chamber is represented as being a
separate casting from the body of radiator, the latter being closed at the base to
form the lower chamber by means of a plate or strip i which may run the whole
length of the base or said base may be partially closed by the casting the object
being to leave ample room for the removal of the core. In this form the radiator
is held together by means of the overlapping portions of the casting and by bolts or
by tie rods II In Fig 14 instead of the pipe or chamber A passing through
pipes C it is connected to said pipes by small connections a. a which may be made
of soft metal with a double taper so that said connections may be driven in and a
tight joint thus secured It will be understood that all the radiators are provided
with the usual suitable inlet, regulating and discharge valves as also with the
requisite drip cocks and also that suitable packing is placed between the joints
which come in contact with the heating medium
Having now described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is
1st A radiator manufactured and constructed substantially in the manner and
for the purposes described in the foregoing specification
2nd The improvements in the manufacture and construction of radiators
substantially as described in the foregoing specification and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings
In Witness whereof I the said Lewis Walker Leeds have hereunto set my hand
and seal this thirtieth day of July in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three
Signed, sealed and delivered
in the presence of

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