AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CONDUCTING AND CONTAINING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS, AND PRESERVING THE SAME FROM THE EFFECTS OF FROST
Year: 1825

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MAGBATH, of Dublin, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eleventh day of January, in the fifth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Magrath, His especial licence that I; the said Thomas Magrath, my
exors, adñññors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Magrath,
my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales; and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in His said Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR CONDUCTING AND CONTAINING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS, AND PRESERVING
THE SAME FROM THE EFFECTS OF FROST;" in which said Letters Patent there
is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Thomas Magrath, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and: seal, particularly to-describe and
ascertain the nature of my.said. Invention, and in what- manner. the same
is to be performed, and to cause the same to be. inrolled in His Majesty's
High. Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent (as in and by the
same); reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Magrath, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in the following description thereof (that is to
say):
My improved apparatus for conducting and containing waters and other
fluids and preserving the same from the effects of frost, consists of a double
pipe or tube of metal, the one enclosed with the other; the inner pipe or
tube is to contain the water or other fluid and to conduct it. Between the two
pipes or tubes I introduce charcoal, cork, wool, or any other material that
is a bad or imperfect conductor of caloric. Under some circumstances I
should use three or more pipes or tubes one within the other, and between
each of these pipes I should introduce charcoal, cork, or other imperfect
conductor of caloric. Though I have described pipes or tubes one within the
other as the mode for constructing my apparatus, yet it is to be understood
that I only mention this as a convenient method for making the same, and
one I should generally adopt: but the same may be applied in an upper ratus
of another form; for instance, when the vessel containing or conducting water
or other fluid should be spherical, square, or any other form, I should make
such vessel with a jacket or outer case, and fill the space between the two
with charcoal or other imperfect conductor of caloric. Under some circum-
stances I should dispense with the outer jacket or covering of metal, and adopt
one of wood or other convenient material.
Having thus described several modes of constructing my apparatus for
preventing the freezing of water or other fluids contained therein, I must add,
in conclusion, that my said improved apparatus may be varied in several
other ways; and that as my Invention consists in adapting a coating of any
material which is a bad or imperfect conductor of caloric to the outer surface
of vessels of all kinds containing fluids, that every manner in which the same
may be adapted to effect the said object, (viz'), preventing the freezing of
fluids contained or passing through the said vessels, I consider to fall within
the principles and meaning of my Patent right. I therefore claim the same
accordingly.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Magrath, hath hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.
THOMAS (L.S.) MAGRATH.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord 1825, the aforesaid Thomas Magrath came before our said Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.