Improvements in Apparatus for Operating the Rising and Falling Shuttle-boxes of Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 15th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Operating the Rising and Falling
Shuttle-boxes of Looms for Weaving.
I HOWARD CHEETHAM of Carlton Chambers, 18 Saint Ann's Street,
Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention which has been communicated to me from abroad by Ferdinand
Rosskothen of Dresden Germany, Engineer relates to apparatus for operating the
rising and falling shuttle-boxes of looms for weaving and consists in arrangements
of apparatus which are simpler and more convenient in operation than the
arrangements of apparatus hitherto ordinarily employed.
In order that this may be obtained the shuttle-boxes are mounted by means of a
connecting rod on a lever in the usual way.
The manner in which this lever is moved and arranged is a characteristic part of
this invention.
This lever, which carries the shuttle-boxes, is mounted on two centres and is
arranged so as to be capable of being oscillated or vibrated on either of these
centres each of which may be moved into different positions in order that the
shuttle-boxes may be moved.
The number of positions into which each of the two centres may be put
determines the number of the different positions of the lever and of the shuttle-
boxes which are carried by it. The advantage of arranging the lever on two
centres consists in this :-If properly arranged the different relative positions of
the centres result in different positions of the lever and the shuttle-boxes but the
number of the different positions of the shuttle-boxes is not equal to the sum of
the number of different positions of one centre and the number of different positions
of the other centre but is equal to the product of these numbers.
Thus two different positions of each of the two centres result in four, two positions
of one and three positions of the other, result in six, three positions of the one and
four of the other result in twelve, different positions of the lever and of the shuttle-
boxes and so forth.
Levers pivoted on two centres have been used before, for moving shuttle-boxes,
but the manner in which the lever and the centres are arranged according to this
invention is simpler and more effective than in other arrangements known up
to now.
This invention consists in arrangements of apparatus by means of which the
operation of the rising and falling shuttle-boxes of looms in which the shuttle-boxes
are connected to a lever mounted so as to be capable of being oscillated or vibrated
about one or other or both of two centres in the manner above described may be
very readily and conveniently effected. In order that this object may be readily
and conveniently accomplished the lever to which the shuttle-boxes are connected
is mounted upon excentrics or crank-pins supported in any suitable manner the
number and excentricity of the excentrics or crank-pins being adapted to the
number and size of the shuttle-boxes and to the manner in which it may be
preferred to operate the shuttle-boxes.
When four shuttle-boxes are to be operated the movements of the shuttle-boxes
may be accomplished by the employment of two excentrics or crank-pins so
arranged that by one half revolution of one of such excentrics or crank-pins the
shuttle-boxes will be moved through a space corresponding to two boxes and by a
half revolution of the other of such excentrics or crank-pins the shuttle-boxes will

page_text: be moved through a space corresponding to one shuttle-box. By the various
separate and combined movements of two excentrics or crank-pins all the required
movements of the shuttle-boxes may be brought about.
When more than four shuttle-boxes are to be operated it is necessary that one or
both of the centres about which the lever to which the shuttle-boxes are connected
shall be capable of being placed into more than two positions and this may be
accomplished in different ways but it is preferable that the lever to which the
shuttle-boxes are connected shall be mounted upon two excentrics or crank-pins one
or both of which is or are compound that is to say in turn mounted upon an
excentric or crank-pin or excentrics or crank-pins which may be mounted upon an
excentric or crank-pin or excentrics or crank-pins in a manner somewhat similar to
that in which the excentrics employed in certain arrangements of apparatus now
in use for operating the rising and falling shuttle-boxes of looms for weaving are
mounted. When six shuttle-boxes are to be operated it is necessary that one of the
centres about which the lever to which the shuttle-boxes are connected is capable
of being oscillated shall be capable of being put into two positions and the other of
such centres shall be capable of being put into three positions and when nine
shuttle-boxes are to be operated it is necessary that the lever to which the shuttle-
boxes are connected shall be mounted upon two centres each of which is capable of
being placed in three different positions. When twelve shuttle-boxes are to be
operated it is necessary that one of the centres upon which the lever to which the
shuttle-boxes are connected is capable of being oscillated shall be capable of being
placed in three positions while the other of such centres is capable of being placed
into four different positions. By a suitable number of excentrics or crank-pins of
suitable form being employed it is possible to arrange for the requisite movements
of any desired number of shuttle-boxes.
It will be seen that the excentrics or crank-pins which cause the different
positions of the shuttle-boxes are acting directly on the lever without connecting
rods or similar mechanism. It is to be preferred that the excentrics or crank-pins
on which the lever carrying the shuttle-boxes is mounted, shall be put on stationary
shafts or studs or centres. One of the excentrics or crank-pins may be totally
encircled by the lever which carries the shuttle-boxes but the other excentric or
crank-pin works in a slot in the lever in order to allow each excentric or crank-pin
to move independently of the other.
This invention further consists in arrangements of apparatus by means of which
excentrics or cranks employed according to this invention in the manner above
described may be readily turned in order that the lever mounted upon them may be
moved in the manner required in order that the shuttle-boxes connected to such
lever may be brought into the various positions necessary. For convenience of
description this part of the invention will be described as applied to a loom having
four shuttle-boxes. A knife or part or knives or parts receiving a reciprocating
motion from any suitable part of the loom is or are provided. Hooks or equivalent
parts are also provided and by being acted upon or left unacted upon by a pattern-
chain of any suitable character mounted and operated in any suitable manner the
said hooks or equivalent parts are caused or allowed to pass into or out of engage-
ment with the said knife or part or knives or parts. To each of the said hooks or
equivalent parts is connected a rack or equivalent device which by means of gearing
or devices of any suitable kind and arrangement transmits the motion which it receives
to one of the excentrics or cranks upon which is mounted the lever to which the
shuttle-boxes are connected. Each excentric or crank is arranged so as to be
turned in one direction by the action of one of the hooks or equivalent devices
above mentioned and turned in the opposite direction by incans of another of the
said hooks or equivalent devices in order that the action of the said excentrics or cranks
upon the shuttle-boxes shall be a positive action both in the raising and lowering
of such shuttle-boxes. For each excentric or crank-pin two hooks or equivalent
arts with attendant mechanism are used one for turning the excentric or crank-
pin in one direction and the other for turning it in the opposite direction. The

page_text: In
hooks or equivalent parts and attendant mechanism belonging to the same excentric
or crank-pin are made to balance by the hooks being put on opposite sides of a
wheel which transmits motion to the excentric or crank-pin. As described before
there are always two hooks or equivalent parts with attendant mechanism belonging to
each excentric or crauk-pin. These two hooks or equivalent parts belonging to the
same excentric or crank-pin move always in opposite directions. The card motion
selecting the hooks or equivalent parts which are to be raised may be arranged in
such a manner that both hooks or equivalent parts belonging to the same excentric
or crank-pin may be governed by one and the same selecting pin or needle.
order that when by the action of the apparatus above described the shuttle-boxes
have been brought into any position the cessation of the action on such apparatus
of the pattern-chain employed therewith may not cause or permit any change of
the position of the shuttle-boxes a suitable catch or stop or suitable catches or
stops to act upon any suitable part or parts of the apparatus, for instance upon one
or more of the hooks or equivalent devices above mentioned may be provided and
may be acted upon by the pattern chain in order that the parts may be released
and permitted to move when requisite for a change in the position of the shuttle-boxes
to be brought about. One very great advantage resulting from the employment of
the arrangements of apparatus above described is that each card of the pattern-
chain which is of one character always causes one shuttle-box and that shuttle-box
only to be brought into or kept in position to deliver or receive a shuttle. The
requisite turning of the excentrics or cranks employed when more than four
shuttle-boxes are to be operated may be effected in a manner similar to that above
described, suitable allowance being made for the larger number of excentrics or
cranks to be turned.
The arrangements of apparatus constructed according to this invention may be
caused to form parts of the looms to which they are to be applied or they may
be embodied in or form what may be termed "self contained" machines or
arrangements of apparatus to be applied to looms.
Dated this Thirteenth day of March 1893.
HOWARD CHEETHAM.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Operating the Rising and Falling
Shuttle-boxes of Looms for Weaving.
I, HOWARD CHEETHAM, of Carlton Chambers, 18 Saint Ann's Street,
Manchester in the County of Lancaster Patent Agent do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention which has been communicated to me from abroad by Ferdinand
Rosskothen of Dresden Germany, Engineer, relates to apparatus for operating the
rising and falling shuttle-boxes of looms for weaving and consists in arrangements
of apparatus which are simpler and more convenient in operation than the
arrangements of apparatus hitherto ordinarily employed.
In order that this may be obtained the shuttle boxes are mounted by means of a
connecting rod on a lever in the usual way.
The manner in which this lever is moved and arranged is a characteristic part of
this invention.
This lever which carries the shuttle boxes, is mounted on two centres and is
arranged so as to be capable of being oscillated or vibrated on either of these
centres each of which may be moved into different positions in order that the shuttle
boxes may be moved.
The number of positions into which cach of the two centres may be put determines
the number of the different positions of the lever and of the shuttle-boxes which are

page_text: carried by it. The advantage of arranging the lever on two centres consists in
this: If properly arranged the different relative positions of the centres result in
different positions of the lever and the shuttle-boxes but the number of the different
positions of the shuttle boxes is not equal to the sum of the number of different
positions of one centre and the number of different positions of the other centre but
is equal to the product of these numbers.
Thus two different positions of each of the two centres result in four, two positions
of one and three positions of the other result in six, three positions of the one and
four of the other result in twelve, different positions of the lever and of the shuttle
boxes and so forth.
Figs. 1, 2, 3, are diagrams illustrating the principle on which this invention is
founded and serving to facilitate the description of this invention and the manner of
carrying it into effect. Fig. 1 illustrates the manner in which the placing into one
or other of two positions as required of each of the two centres upon which a lever
is mounted enables the free end of such lever to be brought into any one of four
positions marked (p¹) (p²) (p³) and (p) respectively, the lever being represented in
its several positions by the straight lines (a¹) (a²) (a) and (a), the two positions of
the one centre being marked (c¹) and (c) respectively and the two positions of the
other centre being marked (d¹) (d) respectively.
Fig. 2 illustrates the manner in which the placing of one of the two centres upon
which a lever is mounted into one or other of three positions as may be necessary
enables the free end of such lever to be brought into any one of six positions
marked (p) (p2) (p³) (p³) (p³) (p") respectively, the lever being represented in its
several positions by the straight lines (a') (a²) (a³) (a) (a) (a) the three positions
of the one centre being marked (c) (c) (c) respectively, and the two positions of.
the other centre being marked (d¹) (d²) respectively.
Fig. 3 illustrates the manner in which the placing of one of the two centres upon
which a lever is mounted into one or other of four positions, and the placing of the
other of such centres into one or other of two positions as may be necessary enables
the free end of such lever to be brought into any one of eight positions
marked (p) (p) (p³) (p¹) (p³) (p³) (p') (p") respectively, the lever being represented
in its several positions by the straight lines (a) (a) (a³) (a¹) (a³) (aº) (a) (a) the
four positions of the one centre being marked (e) (2) (3) (c) respectively, and the
two positions of the other centre being marked (d) (d) respectively. The lever
may thus be placed into any required number of positions, but as for practical
purposes it is rarely necessary to use more than six or eight rising and falling
shuttle-boxes a detailed description of the mode of operating more than eight rising
and falling shuttle boxes is unnecessary.
The diagrams, Figs. 1, 2 and 3 clearly indicate the manner in which the different
relative positions of the centres upon which the lever represented by the straight
lines in such figures is mounted, should be arranged in order that the different
relative positions of such centres shall result in different positions of such
lever, and such diagrams also indicate that the number of the different positions of
the free end of the lever mounted upon such centres is not equal to the sum of the
number of different positions of one centre and the number of different positions
of the other centre but is equal to the product of these numbers.
Levers pivoted on two centres have been used before, for moving shuttle boxes,
but the manner in which the lever and the centres are arranged according to this
invention is simpler and more effective than in other arrangements known up
to now.
This invention consists in arrangements of apparatus by means of which the
operation of the rising and falling shuttle-boxes of looms in which the shuttle-boxes
are connected to a lever mounted so as to be capable of being oscillated or vibratel
about one or other or both of two centres in the manner above described may he
very readily and conveniently effected. In order that this object may be readily
and conveniently accomplished the lever to which the shuttle-boxes are connected
is mounted upon excentrics or crank pins supported in any suitable manner the

page_text: number and excentricity of the excentrics or crank pins being adapted to the
number and size of the shuttle-boxes and to the length of, and the proportion
between, the arms of such lever.
When four shuttle-boxes are to be operated the movements of the shuttle-boxes
may be accomplished by the employment of two excentrics or crank pins so arranged
that by one half revolution of one of such excentrics or crank pins the shuttle-
boxes will be moved through a space corresponding to two boxes and by a half
revolution of the other of such excentrics or crank pins the shuttle-boxes will be
moved through a space corresponding to one shuttle-box. By the various separate
and combined movements of two excentrics or crank pins all the required
movements of the shuttle-boxes may be brought about.
From this it will be evident that it is not necessary to place one excentric or
crank pin in the middle of the lever to which the shuttle boxes are connected
while the other is placed near the end of such lever. If the relative positions of
the excentrics or cranks be changed their excentricities or radii must be altered
accordingly. All that is necessary is that the one excentric or crank pin when
turned through a half revolution shall move the shuttle-boxes through a distance
corresponding to two shuttle-boxes and the other excentric or crank pin when
turned through a half revolution shall move the shuttle-boxes through a distance
corresponding to one shuttle-box.
When more than four shuttle-boxes are to be operated it is necessary that one
or both of the centres about which the lever to which the shuttle-boxes are
connected is moved shall be capable of being placed into more than two positions
and this may be accomplished in different ways but it is preferable that the lever
to which the shuttle-boxes are connected shall be mounted upon two excentrics or
crank-pins one or both of which is or are compound that is to say in turn mounted
upon an excentric or crank pin or excentrics or crank pins which may be mounted
in a manner somewhat similar to that in which the excentrics employed in certain
arrangements of apparatus now in use for operating the rising and falling shuttle-
boxes of looms for weaving are mounted. When six shuttle-boxes are to be
operated it is necessary that one of the centres about which the lever to which the
shuttle-boxes are connected is capable of being oscillated shall be capable of being
put into two positions and the other of such centres shall be capable of being put
into three positions and when nine shuttle-boxes are to be operated it is necessary
that the lever to which the shuttle-boxes connected shall be mounted upon two
centres each of which is capable of being placed in three different positions. When
twelve shuttle-boxes are to be operated it is necessary that one of the centres up on
which the lever to which the shuttle-boxes are connected is capable of being
oscillated shall be capable of being placed in three positions while the other of
such centres is capable of being placed into four different positions. By a suitable
number of excentrics or crank pins of suitable form being employed it is possible
to arrange for the requisite movements of any desired number of shuttle-boxes, but
as has hereinbefore been stated more than eight shuttle boxes will hardly ever be
required for practical purposes.
It will be seen that the excentrics or crank pius which cause the different
positions of the shuttle-boxes are acting directly on the lever without connecting rods
or similar mechanism. It is to be preferred that when it can conveniently be done
the excentrics or crank pins on which the lever carrying the shuttle-boxe- is
mounted shall be put ou stationary shafts or studs or centres. One of the
excentrics or crank pins may be totally encircled by the lever which carries the
shuttle-boxes, but the other excentric or crank pin works in a slot in the lever in
order to allow each excentric or crank pin to move independently of the other.
This part of this invention is illustrated by Figs. 4 and 5 of the accompanying
drawings. Fig. 5 being a side view partly in section and Fig. 4 a plan also partly
in section illustrating the manner of applying this part of this invention in the
working of four shuttle-boxes. The same letters of reference are applied to
similar parts in Figs. 4 and 5 and in order to enable each of several similar parts

page_text: to be distinguished from the others, each of such parts has an additional reference
letter applied to it.
(a) is the lever which is connected by the connecting rod (b) to the framework
of the shuttle-boxes (¹) (2) (3) (4). The lever (a) is pivoted on the excentrics (c)
and (d) which are mounted loose upon shafts (h) and (i) respectively which are
fixed in the framing (j) of the apparatus which may be secured to the floor or to
the loom to which the apparatus is applied. The lever (a) fits closely upon the
excentric (c) and the excentric (c) may be provided with flanges (*) one of which
is removable and secured to the excentric (c) by bolts or in any other suitable
manner, so that the lever (a) may be kept in position upon such excentric (c). The
lever (a) is formed with a slot (a") of a width equal to the diameter of the
excentric (d) which may be provided with flanges (d") one of which is removable
and secured to the excentric (d) by bolts or in any suitable manner, so that the
lever (a) may be kept in position upon such excentric (d).
The slot (a) is made of such length as to permit each of the excentrics (c)
and (d) to be turned either simultaneously with or independently of the other.
Mechanism which will be further described in reference to a further part of this
invention is provided for the purpose of causing each of the excentrics (c) and (d)
to be turned either into its highest position or into its lowest position as may be
requisite. The excentrics (c) (d) are equal in excentricity and if the axis of the
excentric (c) is placed midway between the stud (65) and the centre of the shaft (i)
the excentricity of each is equal to the distance between the centres of two adjacent
shuttle-boxes.
In Fig. 5 the excentrics (c) and (d) are both indicated in their highest positions
in which positions they cause the lever (a) to hold the shuttle-box (62) in position
to deliver or receive a shuttle. If while the excentric (c) is allowed to remain in
the position in which it is indicated in Fig. 5, and the excentric (d) is moved to its
lowest position the shuttle boxes will be raised so that the shuttle box (61) will be
brought into position to deliver or receive a shuttle.
If while the excentric (d) is in its highest position the excentric (c) be turned
to its lowest position the shuttle boxes will be lowered so that the shuttle box (6)
If both of the
will be brought into position to deliver or receive a shuttle.
excentrics (c) and (d) be turned into their lowest positions the shuttle box (6) will
be brought into position to deliver or receive a shuttle. The movement of onc
or other or both of the excentrics (c) (d) as may be required from time to time
into its or their highest or lowest position or positions thus enables each of the
shuttle boxes (A) (6) (12) (62) to be brought as may be necessary into position to
deliver or receive a shuttle.
The application of this part of the invention in the working of six shuttle boxes is
illustrated in Fig. 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings, Fig. 6 being a side
elevation and Fig. 7 a horizontal section of the excentrics employed and so much
of the mechanism employed in conjunction therewith as is necessary for the
illustration of this application of this part of the invention. To the parts shown
in Figs. 6 and 7 which correspond to parts illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 are applied
the same letters of reference as are applied to corresponding parts shown in
Figs. 4 and 5. (a) is the lever which is connected by the connecting rod (6) to
the framework of the shuttle boxes which are not shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The
excentric (d) is mounted loose upon the shaft (i) which is fixed in the framing (1)
of the apparatus which may be secured to the floor. The excentric (c) is compound
that is to say formed of two excentrics (A) and (c B). The excentric (CA) in
mounted so as to be capable of being turned upon the shaft (h) which is fixed in
the framing () of the apparatus and the excentric (B) is mounted so as to be
capable of being revolved upon the excentric (A). The lever (a) is pivoted on
the excentrics (d) and (e B). The lever (a) fit- closely upon the excentric (B)
and the excentric (B) may be provided with flauges one of which may
be removable and secured to the excentric (B) by bolts or in any other
suitable manner so that the lever (a) may be kept in position upon such

page_text: excentric. The excentrics (cA) (c B) are kept in proper position by fanges or
any other suitable means. The lever (a) is formed with a slot (a*) of a width
equal to the diameter of the excentric (d) which may be provided with flanges (*)
one of which may be removable and secured to the excentric (d) by bolts or in
any other suitable manner so that the lever (a) may be kept in position upon such
excentric (d). The slot (d*) is made of such length as to permit of each of the
excentrics (d) (e A) (c B) being moved simultaneously with or independently of
the others. Mechanism which is generally similar to that illustrated in Figs. 4
and 5 and will be hereinafter further referred to is provided for the purpose of
causing each of the excentrics (d) (cA) (r B) to be turned either into its highest
position or into its lowest position as may he requisite. In Figs. 6 and 7 the
excentrics (d) (A) (B) are all represented in a position intermediate between
their highest positions and lowest positions and are represented in this position for
convenience of illustration. In the six shuttle motion the excentrics (d) (e A) (c B).
are equal in excentricity and the excentricity of each is equal to the distance
between the centres of two adjacent shuttle boxes and the axis of the shaft (h)
about which the excentric (CA) is turned is midway between the axis of the
shaft () and the axis of the stud (6) by which the connecting rod (6) is connected
to the lever (a). If the axis of the shaft (h) is not placed midway between the
stud (b) and the shaft (i) the excentricities of the excentrics will need to be made
to correspond with the proportion between the lengths of the arms of the lever (a).
If while the excentric (d) is in its highest position the excentrics (A) (c B) be
both turned into their lowest position the highest shuttle box (b) connected to the
connecting rod will be brought into position to deliver or receive a shuttle. If
while the excentric (d) is allowed to remain in its highest position either of the
excentrics (cA) (B) the excentric (c B) for instance be turned into its highest
position the shuttle boxes will be raised through a distance corresponding to two
shuttle boxes and if while the excentrics (d) (c B) are allowed to remain in their
highest position the excentric (A) be turned into its highest position the shuttle
boxes will be again raised through a distance corresponding to two shuttle boxes.
If while the excentrics (cA) (c B) are allowed to remain stationary in any position
the excentric (d) be turned from its highest to its lowest position or from its lowest to
its highest position the shuttle boxes will be raised or lowered through a distance
corresponding to one shuttle box. From this and a reference to the diagram Fig. 2
it is obvious that by the movement of one or other or all of the excentrics (d) (cA)
(c B) as may be requisite any one of the six shuttle boxes to which the connecting
rod (6) is connected may be brought into position to deliver or receive a shuttle.
As the excentrics (CA) (c B) are equal in excentricity it follows that as is indicated
in Fig. 8 which is a diagram illustrating the result of the various changes in the
relative positions of the excentrics (CA) and (c B) the four possible relative
positions of the excentrics (A) (c B) only produce three changes in the position of
the portion of the lever (a) which encircles the excentric (e B) as when one of the
excentrics (A) (B) is in its highest position and the other is in its lowest
position the excentricities of such excentrics compensate for one another so that
the portion of the lever (a) which encircles the excentric (c B) will be in the same
position whether it be the excentric (cA) or the excentric (c B) which is in its
highest position.
This part of my invention may be applied to the working of eight shuttle boxes
in a manner similar to that in which it is applied to the working of six shuttle
boxes as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings but in the
application of this part of my invention to the working of eight shuttle boxes the
excentricity of one of the two excentrics (CA) (B) forming the compound
excentric (e) must be twice as great as the excentricity of the other of such two
excentrics (A) (B) as illustrated in the diagram Fig. 9, which illustrates the
various relative positions in which two excentrics (e A) (B) are required to be
plac in the working of eight shuttle boxes according to this part of my invention.
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page_text: the excentric (CA) of smaller excentricity is equal to the distance between
the centres of two adjacent shuttle boxes if the axis of the shaft (h) is midway
between the axis of the stud (65) and the axis of the shaft (i). If while the
excentrics (cA) (d) are allowed to remain stationary the excentric (B) be
moved from its highest position to its lowest position or from its lowest position
to its highest position the shuttle boxes connected to the connecting rod (b) will
be raised or lowered through a distance corresponding to four shuttle boxes. If
while the excentrics (B) and (d) are allowed to remain stationary the
excentric (cA) be moved from its highest position to its lowest position or from
its lowest position to its highest position the shuttle boxes connected to the
connecting rod (6) will be raised or lowered through a distance corresponding to
two shuttle boxes. If while the excentrics (B) (CA) are allowed to remain
stationary the excentric (d) be moved from its highest position to its lowest
position or from its lowest position to its highest position the shuttle boxes
connected with the connecting rod (6) will be lowered or raised through a distance
corresponding to one shuttle box. The description above given of the working of
six shuttle boxes and the diagrams Figs. 3 and 9 suffice without further description
to indicate the manner in which the excentrics (cA) (c B) (d) are operated in the
working of eight shuttle boxes according to this part of this invention.
It is obvious that the excentric (c A) instead of the outer one (c B) might be the
one the excentricity of which is twice that of the other.
It is not necessary that the axis of the excentric (c) shall be placed midway
between the axis of the stud (65) and the axis of the shaft (i) but it may be placed in
any other suitable position, so long as the excentricities of the excentrics are
adapted to the relation between the lengths of the arms of the lever (a).
By the employment of the arrangement of simple or compound excentrics (r)
and (d) and the lever (a) in the manner above described the operation of the
rising and falling shuttle boxes is very readily and conveniently effected and there
being no intermediate connections between the simple or compound excentrics (c) (i)
and the lever (a) mounted upon them the effect of the movements of the said
excentries (c) (d) on the position of the shuttle boxes is not readily interfered with
by the wear of the parts.
This invention further consists in arrangements of apparatus by means of which
excentries or cranks employed according to this invention in the manner above
described may be readily turned in order that the lever mounted upon them may
be moved in the manner required in order that the shuttle boxes connected to
such lever may be brought into the various positions necessary. For convenience
of description this part of the invention will be described as applied to a loom
having four shuttle boxes. A knife or part or knives or parts receiving a
reciprocating motion from any suitable part of the loom is or are provided.
Hooks are also provided and by being acted upon or left unacted upon by a
pattern chain of any suitable character mounted and operated in any suitable
manner the said hooks are caused or allowed to pass into or out of engagement
with the said knife or part or knives or parts. To each of the said hooks is
connected a rack which by means of gearing transmits the motion which it receives
to one of the excentrics or cranks upon which is mounted the lever to which the
shuttle boxes are connected. Each excentric or crank is arranged so as to be
turned in one direction by the action of one of the hooks above mentioned and
turned in the opposite direction by means of another of the said hooks in order
that the action of the said excentrics or cranks upon the shuttle boxes shall be
a positive action both in the raising and lowering of such shuttle boxes. For each
excentric or crank pin two hooks with attendant mechanism are used one for
turning the excentre or crank pin in one direction and the other for turning it in
the site direction. The hooks and attendant mechanisa Lelonging to the
Summe excentric or crank pin are made to balance by the hooks being put
symctrically on opposite sides of a wheel which transmits motion to the
excentric or crank pin. As described before there are always two hooks with
attendant mechanism belonging to each excentric or crank pin. These two hooks

page_text: belonging to the same excentric or crank pin move always in opposite directions.
The card motion selecting the hooks which are to be raised is arranged in such a
manner that both hooks belonging to the same excentric or crank pin may be
governed by one and the same selecting pin or needle. In order that when by the
action of the apparatus above described the shuttle boxes have been brought into
any position the cessation of the action on such apparatus of the pattern chain
employed therewith may not cause or permit any change of the position of the
shuttle boxes a suitable catch or stop or suitable catches or stops to act upon any
suitable part or parts of the apparatus, for instance upon the hooks above
mentioned may be provided and may be acted upon by the pattern chain in order
that the parts may be released and permitted to move when requisite for a change
in the position of the shuttle boxes to be brought about. One verygreat advantage
resulting from the employment of the arrangements of apparatus above described
is that each card of the pattern chain which is of one character, always causes
one shuttle box and that shuttle box only to be brought into or kept in position to
deliver or receive a shuttle. The requisite turning of the excentrics or cranks
employed when more than four shuttle boxes are to be operated may be effected in
a manner similar to that above described, suitable allowance being made for the
larger number of excentrics or cranks to be turned.
In the accompanying drawings, Figs. 4 and 5 which have been hereinbefore
referred to are respectively a plan partly in section and a side elevation also partly
in section of so much of the mechanism employed as is necessary to illustrate this
part of my invention and the manner in which it may be carried into effect in
connection with excentrics arranged for the working of four shuttle boxes and
Figs. 10 and 11 are plans showing certain parts.
(u) is a knife or part mounted fast upon a rod (v) which is capable of being
moved vertically in brackets (w) secured to one of the side frames of the loom to
which the mechanism is applied which side frame is not shown in the accompanying
drawings. A vertical reciprocating motion is imparted to the rod (v) by means of
the crank (y) and connecting rod (a) the crank (y) being mounted upon a shaft (20)
which receives rotary motion from any suitable shaft of the loom. The rod (v)
may be moved by any other suitable mechanism such as a cam or excentric or other
suitable means.
In conjunction with the knife or part (u) are provided four hooks (n) of which
only two are shown in Fig. 5. In order to simplify the description of the hooks (n)
and the other parts employed therewith the same letters of reference are applied to
similar parts and in order to render it more easy to distinguish whenever it may be
necessary to do so between similar parts there is added to the reference letter
applied to each part the reference letter applied to the excentric in conjunction
with which such part is employed and to the reference letter applied to the
hook (n) which is employed to turn the excentric in conjunction with which it is
employed into its lowest position is also applied the number (1). To each hook is
connected a rack (r) the teeth of which gear into or engage with the teeth of a
toothed wheel (m) capable of revolving upon a shaft (f) upon which is mounted a
toothed wheel (k) the teeth of which toothed wheel (k) gear into the teeth of
a toothed wheel (9) secured to the excentric in connection with which the said
hook (n) and rack (r) are employed. Each of the racks (r) may be formed with a
slot (*) through which pass studs (s) secured to one or other of the side frames (j)
and each provided with a nut (*). The side frame (j) studs (s) and nuts (**)
serve to guide the racks (r) while being moved in the manner which will be
hereinafter described. The racks (7) may be guided by any suitable means.
most cases a small guide roller placed at the back of the rack (r) to be guided
thereby and keeping such rack (r) in engagement with the wheel (m) in conjunction
with which it is used will be found sufficient. (21) is a pattern chain barrel which
is mounted in a lever or frame (2) and caused to move backwards and forwards at
a suitable speed at suitable times in the direction indicated by the arrow (A) and
in the contrary direction by any suitable means as will be understood by persons
B
In

page_text: conversant with looms provided with rising and falling shuttle-boxes and pattern-
card-chains. The pattern-card-chain (22) which passes around the pattern chain-
barrel () is composed of cards such as are illustrated in Fig. 1.
Two pattern plates or needles (o) are employed in conjunction with the pattern-
card-chain (22) which is for convenience only indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 5.
Each pattern plate or needle (o) is provided with two holes through each of which
is passed one of the hooks (n) which is capable of being slidden freely vertically
but practically incapable of moving laterally in the hole in the plate or needle (o)
through which it passes. The pattern plates or needles (o) are mounted and
capable of being slidden end wise in a bracket (q) secured to the side frame of the
loom and in a bar (9) secured to such bracket. A spring (t) bearing at one end
against the bar (9) and at the other end against a collar (0*) is employed in
conjunction with each pattern plate or needle (o). The springs (t) tend to force
the pattern plates or needles (o) with which they are respectively employed in the
direction indicated by the arrow (B) so as to move the hooks (n') clear of the knife
or part (u) and bring the hooks (n) into a position in which they would be acted
upon by the knife or part (u) were such knife or part (u) to be raised. The
pattern-chain-barrel (21) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (A)
in such manner that after the card which it presents to the needles or pattern
plates (o) at each movement in the said direction has acted upon a stud (23) which
will be hereinafter mentioned such card will have placed the hooks (n) in the
required positions in relation to the knife or part (u) as will be further described;
when the knife or part (u) is in the position in. which it is represented by the
dotted lines (C). If when the pattern-chain-barrel (21) is moved in the direction
indicated by the arrow (A) the card of the pattern-card-chain (22) which is
presented to the needles or pattern plates (o) has a hole opposite to the needle or
pattern-plate (o C) such needle or pattern plate (o C) will not be pressed back
when the pattern-chain-barrel (21) is moved in the direction indicated by the
arrow (A) and consequently when the knife or part (u) is raised it will act upon
the hook (nC) and raise it and by means of the rack (r C) and the toothed
wheels (mC) (C) and (C) turn the excentric (C) in the direction indicated by
the arrow (D) into its highest position. While the rack (rc) is being raised the
hook (nc) and rack (c) will descend the hook (nc) not being in position to be
acted upon by the knife or part (u) when such knife or part (") is raised. In a
similar manner if there is a hole opposite to the needle or pattern plate (od) in
the card which is presented to the needles or pattern plates (o) when the pattern-
chain-barrel (21) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (A) such
movement of the pattern-chain-barrel (21) will not cause the needle or pattern
plate (od) to be moved in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow (B)
and consequently when the knife or part (u) is raised it will act upon the hook (nd)
and raise it and by means of the rack (rd) and the wheels (md) (d) (gd) turn
the excentric (d) in the direction indicated by the arrow (E) into its highest
position. While the rack (rd) is being raised the hook (n'd) and rack (rd) will
descend, the hook (n'd) not being in position to be acted upon by the knife or
part (u) when such knife or part (u) is raised. If when the pattern chain
barrel (21) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (A) there is no hole
in the part of the pattern card which is presented to the needle or pattern
plate (oc) the needle or pattern plate (oc) will be moved in the direction opposite
to that indicated by the arrow (B) and move the hook (nc) into such position
that when the knife or part (u) is raised it will act upon the hook (n'c) and raise
it and by means of the rack (rc) and the toothed wheels (me) (kc) (gc) turn the
excentric (c) in the direction contrary to that indicated by the arrow (D) into its
lowest position. While the rack (n'c) is being raised the hook (nc) and rack (rc)
will descend the hook (c) not being in position to be acted upon by the knife or
part () when such knife or part (v) is raised. In a similar manner if when the
pattern-chain-barrel (21) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (A)
there is no hole in the part of the pattern card which is presented to the needle or

page_text: pattern plate (od) the needle or pattern plate (od) will be moved in the direction
opposite to that indicated by the arrow (B), and move the hook (n'd) into such
position that when the knife or part (u) is raised it will act upon the hook (n'd)
and raise it and by means of the rack (rd) and the toothed wheels (md) (kd) (gd)
turn the excentric (d) in the direction contrary to that indicated by the arrow (E)
into its lowest position. While the rack (r'd) is being raised the hook (nd) and
rack (rd) will descend the hook (nd) not being in a position to be acted upon by
the knife or part (u) when such knife or part (") is raised.
If it should happen
that any of the hooks (nd) be already in its highest position when the knife or
part (u) is raised the raising of the knife or part (u) will necessarily produce no
effect upon it. From the foregoing description it will be obvious that the extent
of the upward motion of the knife or part (u) and the relative proportions of the
toothed wheels (m) (k) (g) must be such that the action of the knife or part (u)
upon each of the hooks (n) shall cause the excentric in conjunction with which
such hook (n) is employed to be turned through one half of a revolution or
nearly so.
From the foregoing description it is evident that if there is a hole in the portion
of the pattern card presented to either of the needles or pattern plates (o) when
the pattern-chain-barrel (21) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (A)
the excentric in conjunction with which such needle or pattern plate (o) is employed
will be turned into or remain in its highest position and it is also evident that if
there is no hole in the portion of the pattern card presented to either of the needles
or pattern plates (o) when the pattern-chain-barrel (21) is moved in the direction
indicated by the arrow (A) the excentric in conjunction with which such needle or
pattern plate (o) is employed will be turned into or remain in its lowest position.
Consequently it is evident that a pattern card of one character will whenever
presented to the needles or pattern plates (o) always bring about the same result
in the position of the excentrics (c) (d) and thus always bring the same shuttle box
into position to deliver or receive a shuttle. In the diagram Fig. 1 are illustrated
the pattern cards which are necessary for the working of four shuttle boxes in the
manner and by the means above described. The letters (c) and (d) applied to the
cards illustrated in Fig. 1 indicate the part of each of such cards which it is
necessary to present to the needle or pattern plate (o) by means of which is con-
trolled the turning of the excentric which bears the corresponding reference letter
in order that the several cards when presented to the needles or pattern plates
shall cause the lever (a) to occupy the several positions indicated by the several
lines (a) (a) (a³) (a) in Fig. 1. which bear numbers corresponding to those
applied to the pattern cards shown in such figure.
In order that unnecessary changes in the position of the shuttle boxes may not
be allowed to take place there is provided in conjunction with each of the
hooks (nc) (nd) a catch or detent (24). In the accompanying drawings only the
catch or detent (24) employed in conjunction with the hook (nd) is illustrated.
The catch or detent (24) consists of a pin (25) connected by means of a stud to
one arm of a lever (26) mounted upon a stud (27) secured in a projection provided
upon the bar (q*). In the other arm of the lever (26) which is formed with an
enlarged portion (26*) is secured a stud (23) which at one end projects towards
the pattern-chain-barrel (21) and at the other end passes through a hole formed in
the bar (*). Around the stud (23) and between the bar (9") and the enlarged
portion (26) formed upon the lever (26) is placed a spiral spring (28) which tends
to turn the lever (26) in the direction indicated by the arrow (F) and so to force
the pin (25) in the direction indicated by the arrow (G). In the hook (nd)
are formed notches (29) (30), the notches (29) (30) being formed in such
positions that when the hook (nd) is in its highest position the notch (29)
will be opposite to the pin (25) and when such hook (nd) is in its lowest
position the notch (30) will be opposite to the said pin (25). The stud (23)
projects so far towards the pattern-chaiu-barrel (21) that when the pattern-chain-
barrel (21) is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (A) in order to

page_text: present a card to the needles or pattern plates (o), the said card will also press
upon the stud (23) so as to turn the lever (26) in the direction opposite to that
indicated by the arrow (F). When the hook (nd) has been moved into its
highest or lowest position by the action of the knife or part (u) and the pattern
card which by acting or failing to act on the pattern plate or needle (o d) permitted
or brought about the raising or lowering of the hook (nd) allows the spring (28)
to turn the lever (26) in the direction indicated by the arrow (F) the stud (25)
will pass into the notch (29) or the notch (30) as the case may be and retain the
hook (nd) and consequently the rack (rd) and the excentric (d) in the position in
which it is left by the knife or part (u) when at the highest point of its stroke
until at the time when another pattern card being brought towards the pattern
plates or needles (o) the stud (23) is pressed upon so that the lever (26) is turned
in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow (F) so as to remove the
pin (25) from the notch (29) or (30) as the case may be so as to release the
hook (nd). The catch or detent employed in conjunction with the hook (nc) is
similar in construction arrangement and operation to that employed in conjunction
with the hook (nd). If at each of several successive movements of the pattern-
chain-barrel (21) in the direction indicated by the arrow (A) a similar pattern card
should be presented to the needles or pattern plates (o) the hooks (n) and racks (r)
will not be moved but will remain in the position into which they were moved
when the first of the series of similar cards was caused to act upon the needles or
pattern plates (o) and thus all unnecessary movements of the hooks (n) racks (r)
excentrics (c) (d) and shuttle boxes are avoided, which is an advantageous feature
of this part of this invention.
The mechanism by which the turning of the three excentrics employed in the
working of six shuttle boxes in the manner above described is effected is as is
indicated in Figs. 6 and 7 largely similar to that illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 and
herein before described. In the case of mechanism for operating six shuttle boxes
three pairs of hooks (n) and racks (r) are provided.
In Fig. 7 the letters of reference are applied to the various parts in a manner
similar to that above described so that while each similar part bears the same letter
of reference the parts employed in conjunction with each of the excentrics bear
also the letter of reference applied to such excentric and in the case of the
racks (r), the affix (1) applied to the reference letter indicates the rack by means of
which the excentric with which each rack is used, is turned into its lowest position.
In so far as the turning and holding in position of the excentrics (A) (d) is
concerned the arrangement of mechanism illustrated in Fig. 7 is similar to that
illustrated in and hereinbefore described in reference to Figs. 4 and 5 but the
toothed wheel (ge B) which receiving motion from the racks (re B) and (c B)
transmits it to the excentric (e B) can obviously not be secured directly to or
formed in one piece with the said excentric (r B). The said toothed wheel (ge B)
is therefore mounted so as to be capable of being revolved upon the shaft (h) and
is formed with a radial slot or groove (30) into which projects a stud (31) formed
upon the excentric (c B). When the toothed wheel (gc B) is caused to turn in
one direction or the other motion will be transmitted by the sides of the slot or
groove (30) to the stud (31) and so to the excentric (c B). The cards which
it is requisite to employ in the pattern chain to be employed in conjunction
with the pattern plates or needles by which the engagement of the hooks con-
nected to the racks (rcA), (reB), (rd), (r¹ cA) (B) ('d) are illustrated
in Fig. 2 and as in the case of the cards illustrated in Fig. I the letters (cA)
(B) (d) applied to the cards indicate the part of each of such cards which
it is necessary to present to the needle or pattern plate (o) by means of
which is controlled the turning of the excentric which bears the corresponding
reference letter in order that the several cards when presented to the needles or
pattern plates (o) shall cause the lever (a) to occupy the several positions indicated
by the several lines (a¹) (a³) (a³) (a¹) (a³) (aª) in Fig. 2 which bear numbers
corresponding to those applied to the pattern cards shown in the said figure.

page_text: The mechanism by which the turning of the three excentrics employed in the
working of eight shuttle-boxes in the manner above described is effected is similar
to that employed in the working of six shuttle-boxes but eight pattern cards are
required. In Fig. 3 are shown the eight pattern cards required and as in the case
of Fig. 2, the letters (cA) (c B) and (d) applied to the cards indicate the part of
each of such cards which it is necessary to present to the needle or pattern plate (o)
by means of which is controlled the turning of the excentric which bears the corre
sponding reference letter in order that the several cards when presented to the
needles or pattern-plates (o) shall cause the lever (a) to occupy the several
positions indicated by the several lines (a¹) (a²) (a³) (aª) (aº) (aª) (a) (a) in Fig. 3
which bear numbers corresponding to those applied to the pattern cards. It would
be easy to show also the pattern cards for a twelve or sixteen shuttle motion but as
these are scarcely ever used it will be sufficient to say that in any case in which
more than eight shuttle-boxes are to be operated the excentric (d) above described
is made into a compound excentric in the manner herein before described in reference
to the excentric (c).
In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, and Figs. 6 and 7 both of the
hooks (n) which are employed in conjunction with each excentric are operated by
one pattern plate or needle and the racks (r) connected to such hooks being
arranged to engage with opposite sides of the same toothed wheel balance each
other and thus greatly tend to ease and simplicity in the working of the apparatus.
It is obvious that in cases in which single excentrics can be employed
crank pins may be employed instead of excentrics but even compound excen-
trics may be substituted by compound crank pins. The employment of
crank pins instead of excentrics is illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13, Fig. 12
being a side view partly in section, and Fig. 13 a plan also partly in section.
The crank pin (d) works in the slot (a*) in the lever (a) in exactly the
same manner as the excentrics (d) hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7. The crank pin (cA) shown in Figs. 12 and 13 is employed
instead of the excentric (cA) illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 and hereinbefore described
and has mounted upon it an excentric (c B) which is employed and operates in
exactly the same way as the excentric (c B) herein before described in reference to
and shown by Figs. 6 and 7. This substitution of a crank pin for the inner
excentric of a compound excentric is preferable to the substitution of a crank pin
for each of the excentrics forming a compound excentric. For convenience of
illustration the crank pin (d) erauk pin (cA) and excentric (c B) shown in Figs. 12
and 13 are shown in positions intermediate between their highest and lowest
positions but it will be obvious that they are moved when in use in a manner exactly
similar to the corresponding parts illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7.
It has been hereinbefore mentioned that the number and excentricity of the
excentrics or crank pins requires to be adapted to the number and size of the
shuttle-boxes. In the case of the arrangements illustrated in and described in
reference to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, one excentric is placed midway between the other and
the end of the lever (a), to which the shuttle boxes are connected and therefore it
is necessary that the excentricity of each excentric shall be equal to the distance
between the centres of two adjacent shuttle boxes in the case of the arrangements
in which two or three positions of one or both of the centres upon which the
lever (a) connected to the shuttle boxes are required to be arranged for and that in
the case of the arrangements in which four positions of one or both of the centres
upen which the lever (a) connected to the shuttle boxes is mounted are required to
be arranged for, it is necessary that the excentricity of one of the excentrics in each
compound excentric shall be equal to double the distance between the centres of
two adjacent shuttle boxes. In cases in which it is desired that the relation
between the distances between the two centres upon which the lever (a) connecte
to the shuttle boxes is mounted and the distances from such centres to the part of
the lever (a) at which is connected the rod (6) by which the shuttle boxes are

page_text: connected to such lever (a) shall be different from that illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7
the relative excentricities will be different from the relative excentricities of the
excentrics illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 and will depend upon the proportions
between the lengths of the arms of the lever (a) but from the description above
given and the diagrams in the accompanying drawings the method of arranging
the relative excentricities of the excentrics or crank pins and the relation between
the length of the lever (a) and the parts of such lever (a) between the centres
upon which such lever (a) is mounted will be obvious to persons conversant with
the construction of looms for weaving.
In the apparatus arranged according to this part of this invention and illustrated
in and described in reference to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings
the wheels (y) and the excentrics or cranks with which they are employed are turned
or moved positively in both directions by means of the racks (r) employed in con-
junction therewith and consequently the shuttle boxes may be moved with accuracy
into the required positions at any speed which may be desirable.
The arrangements of apparatus constructed according to this invention may be
caused to form parts of the looms to which they are to be applied or they may be
embodied in or form what may be termed "self contained " machines or arrange-
ments of apparatus to be applied to looms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. For operating the rising and falling shuttle boxes of looms for weaving the
herein before described arrangement of parts all arranged, employed and operating
for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore described in reference
to Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus for operating the rising and falling shuttle boxes of looms for
weaving, the hereinbefore described combination of parts arranged employed
and operating for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described in reference to Figs. 6 and 7, and Figs. 12 and 13 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. In apparatus for operating the rising and falling shuttle boxes of looms
for weaving the hereinbefore described combination of parts arranged employed
and operating for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described in reference to Figs. 4, 5, 10, and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In apparatus for operating the rising and falling shuttle boxes of looms for
weaving, a lever such as (a) mounted upon two excentrics or cranks either or both
of which may be simple or compound as hereinbefore described, so that such lever
is supported by the said excentrics or crank pins directly and without intermediate
parts, for the purposes and substantially in the manner herein before described in
reference to and illustrated in and by the accompanying drawings.
5. In apparatus for operating the rising and falling shuttle boxes of looms for
weaving the combination with excentrics or cranks arranged and employed in the
manner herein before described of hooks (n) and racks (r) and pattern plates (o) by
which either of the hooks (n) employed in conjunction with any of the excentrics
or cranks may be caused to be raised by the reciprocating knife or part (u) all
arranged, employed and operating for the purposes and substantially in the manner
hereinbefore described in reference to and illustrated in and by the accompanying
drawings.
6. In apparatus for operating the rising and falling shuttle boxes of looms for
weaving the combination of a lever such as (a) mounted directly on two excentrics
or cranks either or both of which may be simple or compound which form centres
or fulcrums for such lever and the arrangement of parts consisting of toothed
wheels such as (y) (k) (m), racks such as (7) and books (n) arranged symmetrically
in relation to the shaft (f), all arranged, employed and operating for the purposes

page_text: and substantially in the manner hereinbefore described in reference to the accom-
panying drawings and so that each of such excentrics is turned positively in both
directions by means of the hooks or racks (r) and wheels (g) (k) (m) employed in
conjunction with it.
Dated this Thirteenth day of January 1894.
HOWARD CHEETHAM.