IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS."
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Brotherhood, of Chippenham, in the County of
Wiltshire, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Brotherhood, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
April 1858.
I, PETER BROTHERHOOD, of Chippenham, in the County of Wiltshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the interposition between the fire box or furnace,
and the ordinary flues or tubes of locomotive and other steam boilers of a
combustion chamber, of a cylindrical or other convenient form, connected to
the fire box by one or more tubes surrounded by water. Between the fire box
and this combustion chamber there is an air tube or chamber surrounded by
water, open at both ends for the admission of atmospheric air, and communi-
cating with the combustion chamber through a number of small tubes (also
surrounded by water), by which means the atmospheric air is brought into
contact with the flame and smoke entering the combustion chamber, and effects
the perfect combustion of all the inflammable gases.

page_text: In order to ensure a perfect mixing of the atmospheric air with the inflam-
mable gases, a disc of fire brick (or other suitable material) is placed at a
short distance from the air tubes in the combustion chamber; on striking
against this disc, the flame and inflammable gases are spread over the whole
surface of the air tubes, thereby ensuring the perfect combustion of all the
inflammable gases, preventing the appearance of smoke, increasing the heat,
and economising the fuel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Brotherhood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th October 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
BROTHERHOOD, of Chippenham, in the County of Wiltshire, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Peter Brotherhood, Her special licence that I, the said Peter
Brotherhood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Peter Brotherhood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Brotherhood, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Brotherhood, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement thereof, that is to say :-

page_text: This Invention consists in the interposition between the fire box or furnace,
and the ordinary flues or tubes of locomotive and other steam boilers, of a com-
bustion chamber of a cylindrical or other convenient form, connected to the
fire box by one or more tubes surrounded by water. Between the fire box
and this combustion chamber there is an air tube or chamber surrounded by
water, open at both ends for the admission of atmospheric air, and communi-
cating with the combustion chamber through a number of small tubes (also
surrounded by water) by which means the atmospheric air is brought into
contact with the flame and smoke entering the combustion chamber, and
effects the perfect combustion of all the inflammable gases. In order to
ensure a perfect mixing of the atmospheric air with the inflammable gases, a
disc of fire-brick (or other suitable material) is placed at a short distance from
the air tubes in the combustion chamber; on striking against the disc, the
flame and inflammable gases are spread over the whole surface of the air tubes,
thereby ensuring the perfect combustion of all the inflammable gases, preventing
the appearance of smoke, increasing the heat, and economising the fuel.
And in order that the nature of this my Invention may be more fully under-
stood, reference is had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the following
description thereof, viz. :-Figure 1 is an external end view; and Figure 2 a
side view, of a locomotive or other tubular boiler, constructed agreeably to my
said Invention; Figure 3 is a cross section on the line A, B, of Figure 4,
which is a longitudinal section of the boiler. F is the fire box or furnace; f
the furnace door, and M the man-hole; C is a combustion chamber placed
between the fire box F and the ordinary tubular fire flues of the boiler t, t.
Between the fire box and this combustion chamber, there is an air tube or air
chamber D, surrounded by water, open externally at both ends for the admis-
sion of atmospheric air, and communicating with the combustion chamber
through a number of small tubes e, e, also surrounded by water. The
atmospheric air enters at openings (d, Figure 2) on each side of the fire box,
being drawn in by the draft of the chimney, and passing through the series of
concentric tubes e, e, comes into contact with the flame and gaseous products
of combustion, which enter the combustion chamber through a central opening
G. H is a conical disc of cast-iron (or other suitable material) placed at a
short distance from the air tubes e, e, within the combustion chamber C. The
disc H is mounted upon the inner end of a sliding rod h, which passes
longitudinally through the central tube or flue of the boiler, and over a support
i, for the purpose of adjusting the distance of the disc H, from the air tubes
e, e, as may be required.
On striking against the conical disc II, the flame and heated gases are spread

page_text: over the whole surface of the air tubes e, e, which brings them into immediate
contact, and ensures their intimate admixture with the entering atmospheric
air, by which means perfect combustion of all the inflammable matters takes
place, the formation and issue of smoke from the chimney is prevented, an
increased amount of heat is generated, and the fuel consequently economised.
What I claim as new and constituting my Invention of improvements in
the construction of locomotive and other tubular boilers, is the construction of
such boilers with a combustion chamber placed between the fire box and the
tubular flues, and supplied with atmospheric air, substantially as herein-before
described and shewn in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Brotherhood, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
GAB. GOLDNEY, Sol",
Chippenham, Wilts.
WILLIAM HENRY COLBORNE,
of Chippenham, M.D.
PETER BROTHERHOOD. (L.S.)