Improvements in the Construction of the Open Ends or Mouths of Sacks or Bags, and Modes and Means of Securing these.
Year: 1886

page_text: ..Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 18th Jan., 1887
TIE
Improvements in the Construction of the Open Ends or Mouths of
Sacks or Bags, and Modes and Means of Securing these.
I, DAVID ALEXANDER BRUCE MURRAY,
Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Steam Ship Agent and
of this said invention, to be as follows:-
Junior, of 69 Great Clyde Street,
Broker, do hereby declare the nature
My said invention has reference to a special simple or improved mode of forming
the open ends of sacks or bags, for carrying grain or other loose material in transit or
shipment, with the object that when filled they are more easily, quickly and securely
closed or freely opened, than by any of the modes and means heretofore employed for
this purpose.
My improvements consist as follows:-In forming the open end of each sack or bag
longer than usual and of a wide funnel or hopper shape, or with a filling mouth of this
shape, which when the bag is filled, is simply turned in by the hand as a doubled or
closed flap, down close to one side of the top of the body of the bag, so that the
pressure of the material in the full bag keeps this flap mouth perfectly closed and
prevents the possibility of its opening up or out, except by being turned out again by
hand (as it was turned in) which operations are so simple and easy that they are done
in an instant, far quicker than any kind of tying could be effected. One mode and
means of forming the sack or bag according to my improvements, consist in sewing
and making the bag all as usual, but as much longer than the ordinary bag or sack, as
the new or improved folding in flap funnel is intended to be (as from 6 to 12 inches,
according to the width of the mouth of the bag, which I find sufficient for ordinary
sized bags), and then in cutting down the two thicknesses of the bag, at an angle down-
wards and inwards from the side seams at the mouth, as far as to form the said funnel
mouth on both sides, both these double thicknesses so cut are securely sewed down as
far as cut in the same manner as the side seams to the contracted bottom of the funnel
part, where a short cross seam would be sewn at a slight angle downwards to the side
seams, which cross seams would form the close top end or corners of the bag, and the
angled parts above these cut away from the funnel part would form the strong corner
ears at top for the men moving and lifting the full bag or sack by, so that none of the
sacking canvas, would be cut away, and the whole sack or bag made out of one piece
of canvas or cloth or other material without waste.

page_text: Sacks or Bags, and Modes and Means of Securing these.
I DAVID ALEXANDER BRUCE MURRAY, Junior, of 69, Great Clyde Street, Glasgow,
Lanarkshire, Steam Ship Agent and Broker, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, in writing, reference being had to
the accompanying sheet of drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :-
My said invention has reference to a special simple and improved mode of forming
the open ends of sacks or bags for carrying grain or other loose material in transit or
shipment, with the object that when filled they are more easily, quickly, and securely
closed, or freely opened, than by any of the modes and means heretofore employed for
this purpose.
And in order that the nature and novelty of my said invention, and the manner of
performing or carrying the same into effect or practice may be properly understood,
I have hereunto appended an explanatory sheet or drawings, in which the same
reference letters are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where
shown. Figure 1, is an elevation of a bag A, A¹, manufactured in accordance with the
improvements of my invention, with the bag filled, and its filling mouth A¹ open; and
Figures 2 and 3 are corresponding front and sectional edge views of the said bag A, A',
shown in Figure 1, but with the filling mouth A', shown as doubled inwards and folded
to the left side of the bag, particularly seen in the sectional view Figure 3. This
doubling in being effected by simply drawing the top of the bag over a little to the
right side, and then pushing the doubled flap of the bag A, A', down the left side
where the grain has been released from the side of the bag, but this doubling may be
done to any side most convenient at the moment of handling the full bag. Figure 4
shows a number of said bags A, A' filled with grain, as stowed over each other, with
their filling ends in front to show how they lie without the possibility of the grain
coming out, whether closed by having the folding mouth on the upper or lower
sides.
Referring to these drawings my improvements consist as follows:-In forming the
open end A¹ of each sack or bag A A¹ longer than usual and of a wide funnel or
hopper shape, that is with a filling mouth A¹ of this shape, for facilitating the filling
of the bag, and which when the bag A, A¹, is filled, is simply turned in by the hand
as a doubled or closed flap, down close to one side of the top of the body of the bag
as shown in Figures 2 and 3, all so that the pressure of the material in the full bag
keeps this flap mouth A¹ perfectly closed and prevents the possibility of its opening up
or out, except by being turned out again by hand, (as it was turned in) which opera-
tions are so simple and easy that they are done in an instant, far quicker than any
kind of tying could be effected which gives these great advantages and forms the
main or essential part of this invention. One mode and means of forming the sack
or bag A, A', according to my improvements, consist in sewing and making the bag

page_text: all as usual, but as much longer than the ordinary bag or sack, as the new or improved
folding in flap funnel A is intended to be (as from 6 to 12 inches according to the
width of the mouth of the bag, which I find sufficient for ordinary sized bags), and
then in cutting down the two thicknesses of the top end of the bag A, A', at an angle
downwards and inwards from the upper corners of the side seams A' at the mouth A',
as far as to form the said funnel mouth on both sides, as shown at a'. Both the sides
of these double thicknesses so cut at a² a³ and are securely sewed down as far as cut,
in an equivalent manner to the side seams A' to the contracted bottom a¹, a¹, of the
funnel part A', where a short cross seam at 6 would be sewn at a slight angle down-
wards to the side seams A' which cross seams b would form the close top end or
corners of the bag A, A¹, and the angled parts a above these seams & cut away from
the funnel part A would form the strong corner ears a, a, at top for the men moving
and lifting the full bags or sacks A, A', by, so that none of the sacking canvas would
be cut away, and the whole sack or bag made out of one piece of canvas or cloth or
other material without waste, with seams A³, up both sides, or it might be of double
width cloth with a seam A² only up the one side and along the bottom of the bag.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The making or manufacturing of bags, with a filling mouth longer than the
full bag, for being folded inwards to close the bag and secure the grain or other
material within, all substantially as herein described, in reference to and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Second. In bags for holding grain or other granular material, the making of the
filling mouth A of the bag A, A', of a funnel shape, with corners and ears a, b,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.