AN IMPROVEMENT ON A MACHINE NOW IN USE FOR PRINTING SILKS, LINNENS, CALICOS, WOOLLENS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS, BY MEANS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENT SHAWLS AND HANDKERCHIEFS CAN BE PRINTED WITH ONE OR MORE COLOUR OR COLOURS, AND WHEREBY LINENS, CALICOS, SILKS, WOOLLENS, AND OTHER FABRICS OF THE LIKE NATURE INTENDED FOR GARMENTS CAN BE PRINTED WITH TWO OR MORE COLOURS
Year: 1820

page_text: BUSH, of Battersea Fields, Surrey, Calico Printer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I did, by Petition, humbly represent to His present King
George the Fourth that I had invented "AN IMPROVEMENT ON A MACHINE NOW
IN USE FOR PRINTING SILKS, LINNENS, CALICOS, WOOLLENS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
FABRICS, BY MEANS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENT SHAWLS AND HANDKERCHIEFS CAN BE
PRINTED WITH ONE OR MORE COLOUR OR COLOURS, AND WHEREBY LINENS, CALICOS,
SILKS, WOOLLENS, AND OTHER FABRICS OF THE LIKE NATURE INTENDED FOR GARMENTS
CAN BE PRINTED WITH TWO OR MORE COLOURS ;" His Majesty was pleased to issue
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twentieth day of July, in the first year of His reign,
which Letters Patent do give and grant unto me, the said Matthew Bush,
and to my executors, administrators, and assigns, or to my and their servants
or agents, His said Majesty's especial licence to make, use, exercise, and
vend my said Invention, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and to have and enjoy the whole profit and advantage arising
by reason of the said Invention, during the term of fourteen years from the
date of the said Letters Patent; by which His Majesty also requires and
strictly commands all His subjects whatever, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, that, during the continuance of the said term
of fourteen years, they shall not, either directly or indirectly, make, use, or put
in practice my said Invention, or any part of it, or anyways counterfeit,
imitate, or resemble the same; the said Letters Patent also contain a proviso

page_text: obliging me, the said Mathew Bush, to particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause
the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that my improvement is applicable to the common
copper-plate printing press now in use for printing silks, linens, calicos,
woollens, and other similar fabrics. By means of my improvement shawls
and handkerchiefs with borders can be printed in the said machine with great
rapidity, by taking successive impression from two narrow copper plates, which
are attached to the same moving carriage or rails of the press in an improved
manner, as herein-after described, one of which plates is engraved to print
the cross borders of the shawl or handkerchief, and the other to print (at
successive impressions) all the middle part or filling, and the side borders
thereof. The shawl or handkerchief may, if required, be immediately printed
or grounded with a second colour from two flat blocks cut in relief, which are
worked in the same press in an improved manner, to be herein-after described,
one of which 'blocks is adapted to print or ground the central part of the
shawl or handkerchief and its side borders, and the other is adapted to print
or ground the cross borders thereof. For printing garment pieces in such
improved copper-plate press, one colour will be printed from the engraved
copper plate, fixed on the carriage of the press in the usual manner, and the
piece will also be immediately printed or grounded with two or even three
other colours from flat blocks cut in relief, which are worked in the same
press in an improved manner, to be herein-after described. A Patent was
granted to me on the Fifteenth day of January, One thousand eight hundred
and thirteen, for "Improvements on a Machine for Printing Calico," by which
improement the same sort of garment work could be produced as by my present
improvement, but it was then necessary to employ blocks cut in relief upon
curved or cylindrical surfaces; but by my present improvement I can employ
flat blocks cut in relief to print the second or third colours, as before men-
tioned, and they print with much greater precision than by my former improve-
ment. To render this Specification clear, I shall first briefly describe the
copper-plate press which is in common use, the parts of which are referred to
in the four Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed by numeral figures; whereas
the additional parts which constitute my improvement are denoted by the
letters of the alphabet.
1, see Sheets II. and III., is the bottom or D roller, with part of its circum-
ference cut away to a smaller radius; the power to work the press is commu-

page_text: nicated to this roller by a large spur wheel 2 fixed in the extrimity of its
axis, and a pinion fixed on the axis of a fly wheel 8, which one of the workmen
turns by a handle, and thus gives a slo motion to the D roller in the direction
shewn by the arrow, Sheet II. It makes one complete revolution for each
impression. 4 is the top roller, which is cylindrical, and turns round in the
direction shewn by the arrow, but it only makes of a revolution for each
impression. The piece of calico 5, or other fabric which is to be printed, is
conducted over different rollers, as shewn in Sheet II., and carried beneath the
top roller 4, so as almost to incompass the roller, that side of the calico which is
to receive the impression being downwards. 6 is an endless felt, which is also
conducted over propper rollers, and carried between the top roller and the calico,
in order to make a yielding surface behind the calicoe, and give a better
impression. 7; 7; Sheet II., is the moveable carriage of the press, which is
supported upon four wheels 8, 8, at each side. of the press, so as to run freely
backwards or forwards in a horizontal direction. 9 is the plank upon which
the engraved copper plate 10 is fastened, the engraved surface being upwards,
and adopted to apply itself to the calicoe at the under side of the top roller in
order to print the same. Note, so long as the reduced part of the D roller
presents itself opposite to the top roller, the carriage 7 will bear upon its
wheels 8, and the under side of the plank 9 will not touch the D roller;
also the plate 10 will run beneath the. calicoe and the top roller without
touching the same, but when the cylindrical part of the D roller is brought
upwards it bears up the under side of the plank 9 so as to raise the carriage 7
a little off from its wheels 8, and press the plate 10 up into close contact with
the calicoe in order to print the same. 11 (see the dotted lines in Sheet II.)
is the trough which contains the colour, and from which the printer takes it
up by a brush, and when the carriage is run out so as to bring the plate quite
in front of the press, he spreads or furnishes the colour over the whole surface
of the plate. The plate is pushed in between the rollers from front to back
without printing. This motion is given to the carriage by the workman who
stands in front of the machine to furnish the colour, but the plate makes the
impression in returning between the rollers from back to front, which motion
is produced by the workman who turns the fly wheel. The carriage being
thus come out again, the workman in front applies fresh colour to the plate,
and runs it in again ready to print. 12, Sheet II., is the steel blade or scraper,
called the doctor, which is adapted to scrape off the superfluous colour from
the smooth surface of the plate,. and only leave that colour which is contained
in the engraved lines. The doctor is screwed fast between two wooden bars
which extend horizontally across the press (and a little obliquely), and are

page_text: supported at each end on pivots in such manner that they can be turned over
80 as to bring the edge of the doctor upwards into the position shewn by the
Figure in order to wipe or cleanse the colour from it, and it can be instantly
turned down again on it's pivots; and when the carriage and plate are run in
horizontally beneath it the edge of the doctor will apply to the surface of the
plate and scrape it clean. The rollers stand still with the reduced part of the
D roller upwards whilst the carriage is run in, as before mentioned, for the
double purpose of scraping the plate clean by the doctor, and off conveying
the plate to the proper situation for printing. 13 are stops fixed to the under
side of the plank of the carriage, in order to catch against the edge or com-
mencement of the cylindrical or enlarged part of the D roller when the
carriage is pushed in. It is by these stops that the motion of the D roller
is communicated to the plank and carriage when the carriage is to be
brought out again. 14, Sheet II., are adjustable stops fixed to the
upper side of the plank of the carriage, in order to catch certain teeth 15,
which are formed at each end of the top roller. Note, when the rollers
are standing still for the carriage to be run in, the teeth of the top roller are
in such position that the stops 14 cannot catch them until the top roller is
turned a little backwards and the plate is raised by the D roller into contact
with the calicoe; the stops 14 then catch the teeth 15 and push the teeth
before them when the D roller is turned, which obliges the top roller to turn
round, so that its surface, together with the felt and the calicoe, shall accom-
pany the plate in it's motion whilst printing. The position of the stops 14 in
the carriage is to regulated in respect to the plate that they will sieze the
teeth of the top roller at the proper place for the plate to give its impression
to the calico, and join exactly to the last impression.
The Section, Sheet II., shews the position of the press when it is just ready
to begin the impression. There are six teeth at each end of the top roller, and
the breadth of the engraving upon the plate must be exactly equal to one sixth
part of the circumference of the top roller, because in six impressions it must
have made a whole revolution. These teeth 15, and the stops 14, are the
only provisions for moving the top roller, except that movement which turns
it a little backwards previous to beginning each impression, as before mentioned,
in order to make the stops 14 catch the teeth 15, and also to restore the calicoe
to the proper position for beginning a succeeding impression. This retrograde
motion is required, because the calicoe and top roller move a little beyond the
point where the engraved part of the plate completes it impression, vizt, whilst
the smooth margin of the plate beyond the engraved part comes out from
between the rollers; but as soon as the plank is come through, the carriage

page_text: drops down upon it's wheels 8, 8, and the motion of the top roller ceases. The
D rollor continues to turn until it has completed its revolution, and is stopped
when the reduced part is come again to the upper side in the proper position
for the plank and carriage to be run in. When this is done the machine is
put in motion again, and the edge of the enlarged part of the D roller
advances to catch the stops 13 of the plank, ready to put the plank and plate
in motion; but before the contact takes place to produce the impression, the
top roller and the calicoe are turned backwards to the proper position by.
means of a circular plate 16, Sheet I., fixed on the extreme end of the axis of
the top roller. On the face of the plate are six curved radii, which project, and.
a lever 17 is so disposed as so catch under these curves and push the roller.
round when the lever is raised up. This is done by the pin 18 of a crank 19,
which is fixed on the extreme end of the pivot of the D roller.
In the very
first motion of the D roller, after the carriage and plate are run in between
the rollers, this crank pin raises up the lever 17, so that it presses beneath the
under side of one of the curves on the plate 16, and turns back the top roller
and calicoe as much as necessary for its teeth 15 to be caught by the stops 14,
and make it take the succeeding impressions properly. When the carriage is
pushed in ready for printing, the end of the moving rails 77 are intercepted by
stops 24, fixed to the frame, and which prevent the plank going beyond its
proper position for the stops 13 to be taken by the D roller. The wheel 2 has
some mark on it to shew where to stop the D roller. The piece of calicoe
which is to be printed is wound round a roller 20, Sheet II., from which it is
conducted over some rollers to the top roller 4, as shewn by the red line 5.
After it is printed it is carried over several other rollers to extend it and dry
the colours, and finally it is wound up round a roller 21, situated very near to
the first roller 20. A pulley is fixed at the end of each of these rollers, and
the two ends of the same cord 22 is wound about both pullies in the opposite
directions to what the calico winds about each roller. The cord 22 is carried
upwards over pullies, and from the middle part (which looks down) a loaded
pulley 23 is suspended, which draws the cord to make the roller 17 turn round
and gather up the calicoe, and also to make the requisite resistance to the
motion of the roller 20 to extend the calico properly.
The first part of my Invention consists in the following manner of applying
two narrow copper plates to the same carriage of the press, in order to print
shawls and handkerchiefs with borders. The length of the said narrow
copper plates must be equal to the width of the piece of calico or other fabric
on which the handkerchief is to be printed, but the breadth of each plate need
not be more than one sixth or one seventh of the dimensions of the handker-

page_text: chief, measured in the direction of the length of the piece. One of these
plates must be engraved, in order to print what I call the cross borders, viz,
those borders or margins of the handkerchiefs which run across the breadth of
the piece (see A, Sheet. IV), and therefore I call it the border plate. The other
plate 10 must be engraved;, in order to print one fourth or one fifth of the
middle part of the handkerchief, or that part which is comprised between the
two cross borders, and therefore I call it the middle plate. This plate must
also have a portion of each of the other borders (which, for distinction, I call the
side borders) engraved upon it; but such portions are at each end of the plate,
and run across the breadth thereof, whereas the cross border, which is engraved
upon the border plate A, runs lengthways of the plate, and terminates at each
end with the angle or junctions of the side and cross borders. Note, all the
handkerchiefs which are printed by this method must consist of repititions of
the same subject or device, because the middle part of the handkerchief is
formed by successive impressions printed from the same plate side by side, so
as to join one to the other. The width of engraving on this middle plate
must be regulated by the nature of the pattern, whereas for some subjects it
must be half the width of the handkerchief between the borders, and for others
only one third; or one fourth, or one fifth, according to the subject, but in all
cases the smallest quantity of engraving is to be preferred, as least expensive.
These two narrow copper plates are fastened down upon the bed or moving
carriage of the press in the situations shewn in the horizontal plan of such bed
or moving carriage Sheet IV., and also in Sheet III. The middle plate 10 is
fastened down upon the plank 9 in the usual manner of the narrow plates for
printing garment pieces, but the border plate A is fixed on another plank D
further back in the carriage, and in such manner that it can be turned about
horizontally to reverse it end for end, in order to print both the cross borders
of the handkerchief from the same engraving. For this purpose the border
plate is fastened upon a flat bed plate of cast iron C, which lies upon another
flat plate of cast iron or plank D. The bed plate C is moveable upon the
plank D, being united thereto by a centre pin or upright bolt B, which passes
through both, but allows the bed C and the copper border plate to be turned
about, as upon a centre of motion (see the dotted lines in the Plan, Sheet IV.),
in order to reverse the plate end for end at pleasure. The border plate A
must be fastened on the bed C in such position that the two extremities of the
engraved border will be exactly equidistant from the centre of motion B; and
also that the outside margin of the engraved border will be about one fourth
of an inch nearer to the said centre of motion than the opposite edge of the
engraving, viz, that edge which is to join to the middle part of the handker-

page_text: chief. The ends of the bed plate c are arches of a circle described from the
centre. B and E are pieces screwed down to the plank which catch the ends
of the bed to keep it down, and at each end of the bed plate is a notch to
receive a tooth at one end of a dovetailed slider or bolt F, attached to the
plank. His a spring which presses the bolt, so that its tooth will enter into
the notch, and thereby fix the plate A in the true position for printing.
Note, when the carriage comes out, to bring the plate A into the. proper
position for furnishing the colour, a stop L, which is fixed to the frame of the
press, intercepts the tail of a lever G, and withdraws the bolt F, so as to
release the bed C, and allow the plate A to be reversed; but when the carriage
is pushed in again, the spring H forces the bolt into the notch at the end or
the bed C, and locks it fast ready for printing. I are stop pieces attached to the
fixed frame of the press in order to catch stops k, on the upper sides of the rails
7, 7, of the moving carriage, and thereby stop the carriage when it is.run-into
the place where the border plate is ready for printing. The stop pieces I can
be turned aside (as shewn in the dotted position in the Plan, Sheet IV., and also
in Sheets I. and II.) when the carriage is be run further in to print the middle
plate; they are therefore fixed at the tops of perpendicular axes, and to their
tails cords are applied, which pass over pullies, and have weights to withdraw
them. The two stops I, I, at the opposite sides of the press, are made to
withdraw together by bevelled wheels at the lower ends of the perpendicular
axes, and these are connected with other bevelled wheels on a horizontal axis,
which extends across at the lower part of the press,. and each stop piece is
provided with a latch, which prevents them from withdrawing by the action of
their weights until these latches are released by the workman. Both latches
are connected together by descending rods and levers across the bottom of the
frame (see the elevation, Sheet IV.), so that if either latch is pressed down the
other will descend also. Note, the second plank D is provided with stops
marked 13 and 14, Sheet II., which answer the same purposes as the stops 13
and 14 of the first-mentioned plank 9. The manner of printing handkerchiefs
or shawls with borders by this improvement is as follows:-The carriage is
drawn quite forwards, and is turned with it's margin backwards (that is, the
reverse of what it is shewn in Sheet IV.); then the border plate is furnished
with colour, and the stops, I, I, placed as in the. Plan; the carriage being then
pushed in as far as these stops allow, a first impression is taken for a cross
border to the first handkerchief. The stops I are next turned aside, and the
carriage is run further in for the middle plate 10 to be furnished, and then
that plate is printed; this second impression joins to the first one, and
makes part of the filling of the handkerchief. Five successive impressions are

page_text: thus taken from the middle plate 10, just in the usual manner of printing
garment work, and thereby the whole filling of the handkerchief is com-
pleted. Then to print the other cross borders the carriage is drawn quite
forwards, and the border plate A turned end for end (viz, into the position
shewn in Sheet IV.), and it is furnished with colour. The stopps I, I, are then
turned as in the Plan; and the carriage being run in as far as they will allow,
another impression of the cross border is taken, which completes the first
handkerchief. The border plate is now reversed again, and another impression
taken, which is the cross border for a second handkerchief. The stops I are
next removed and the carriage run in to print the middle plate five times over,
as before described, and then the border is printed again, and so on to the end
of the piece of calico. Note, if the border plate is fixed down as before
directed, so that the border margin of the engraving is one fourth of an inch
nearer to the centre of motion than the other margin, then there will be half
an inch space left between the borders of each handkerchief to cut them apart;
also, the width of the engraved part of the cross border plate must be the
fourth of an inch less than the one sixth part of the circumference of the
top roller.
The second part of my Invention consists in the following manner of
applying a flat bock to the same press, in order to print or ground a second
colour to the calico, immediately after it has been printed as aforesaid with
one colour by the copper plate. This block a, Sheets I. and III., is fixed to a
plank b, which extends across the press in front of the top roller 4, and is
received at the two ends in inclined grooves c, which are fixed inside of the
checks of the press. The plank and block can slide in these grooves, in order
that the bock may follow the motion of the calico when it gives its impression
thereto. d is a horizontal axis, which extents across the press, to carry a
segment of a cylinder e, which operates at the back of the plank b, in the
manner of a D roller to press the face of the block a against the calico, and
print the same. To turn the axis d, a cog wheel f, Sheets I. and III., is fixed
at one end of it, and an intermediate cog wheel g is fitted on a stud pin, to
work in a cog wheel h, fixed on the end of the axis of the D roller 1. As
these three wheels are all equal, the segmente will make its revolution in
the same ime as the D roller.. Two stops are fixed to the plank b, for the
edge of the segment e to take hold of, as shewn in Sheet II., in order to give
motion to the plank, the same as the stops 13, for the plank 9, as before
described. There are also two other stops to the plank b, answering to the
stops 14 before described, to catch the teeth 15 of the top roller at the
same time that the copper plate 10, and its plank 9, are brought forwards

page_text: between the D roller and top roller to print the first colour, as before described.
The block a, and its plank b, are taken between the segment e and the top
roller, and raised up in the inclined grooves c, to print the ground in another
colour. After this impression is made the segment and quits the plank b, which
then slides down again in the inclined grooves c by its own weight, but in
sliding down it is borne away from the calico, so as not to touch it, by springs
which are fixed to the plank b at each end, and apply to the inclined grooves.
Note, when the segment e pressed the block in contact with the calico to
print, these springs yielded, but as soon as the segment has passed by, the
springs raise the plank and block away from the calico. Immediately after
the impression is thus made, the block a is furnished with colour for a second
impression in the following manner:-It is raised into a horizontal position
with the face or carved surface downwards, as shewn by the detached Figure
in Sheet II., and a small furnishing roller i is rolled horizontally beneath the
block, and then brought back again, whereby it gives colour to the face of the
block. The motion to raise the plank to the horizontal position is derived
from the spur wheel 2. Thus two cords k, Sheets II. and III., are attached to
the plank 6 at each end, and are conducted round certain pullies, down to
two levers 7, on a horizontal axis at the lower part of the machine. On the
end of the same axis is another lever m, situated close to the side of the spur
wheel 2, see Sheet III., so that a pin which is fixed in one of the arms of that
wheel will depress the end of the lever m as that wheel turns, and the
levers 1, by drawing the cords k, will raise the plank 6 to it's horizontal
position, and then the points of the two screws x, which press through the
corners of the plank, are caught by two spring catches n, and thereby the
plank is retained in that position whilst the block is furnished. Note, at
the other two corners of the plank are two other screws y, which, when the
plank is raised up to the horizontal, come down to bear on the tops of two
upright spring pieces z, as shewn in the detached Figure, Sheet II. The colour
is contained in a colour trough, placed across the press, and a colour roller O
works in the colour. It is continually turned round by a pinion p, Sheet I. and
III., on one end of it's axis, which works in the teeth of the intermediate cog
wheel g.
The furnishing roller lies horizontally across the press, see
Sheet III.; it is supported on pivots at the end of its axis, which pivots rest
upon the edges of two horizontal rails q, Sheet II. Upon the extreme end of
each pivot a ring or collar is fitted, and to each collar two cords and r are
fastened. The cord v, Sheet II., is conducted over pullies, and has the weight v
suspended to it, which always tends to draw the furnishing roller forwards on it's

page_text: rails 9, and press it against the colour roller O, whereby it receives part of the
colour which that roller brings up by constantly turning round in the colour
trough. The furnishing roller i has a cog wheel &, Sheet III., at each end of
it's axis, and the colour roller has a similar cog wheel at one end of its axis,
which works in the teeth of one of the wheels & of the furnishing roller
to give it motion. When the furnishing roller is thus in contact with
the colour roller, see Sheet II., its pivots are drawn by the action of the
weight into two sockets, situated at the front ends of the horizontal rails q,
which bear the pivots of the furnishing roller. These sockets are adjustable
by screws, Sheet III., which limit the pressure of the furnishing roller against
the colour roller when it receives its colour. To communicate this colour
to the face of the block the furnishing roller is drawn beneath the same by
two cords r, which are attached to the before-mentioned collars at each end
of the pivots of the furnishing roller. These cords are conducted by pullies
down to two lever's on a horizontal axis, which extends across the press, and
on the end of the same axis is a lever t, which is cose to the spur wheel 2.
The end of it is operated upon by another pin, fixed in one of the arms of
the wheel 2, in a similar manner to the lever m before described, except that
this pin elevates the levert.; the other levers s then draw the cords r, and
pull the furnishing roller backwards on its rails q. See the detached Section,
Sheet II. In this motion the two cog wheels &, &, on the axis of the furnish-
ing roller, engage in the teeth of the two racks, which are fixed across the
ends of the plank 6, and thereby the upper side of the furnishing roller is
made to apply beneath the face of the block with a rolling motion, in order
to give the colour thereto. The pivots of the furnishing roller rest all the
When the
while upon the horizontal rulers q, to keep it up to the blocks.
furnishing roller has thus passed across. the face of the block, the pin in
the wheel 2 begins to retreat from the lever.t, and then, the weight returns
the roller, and in rolling back again with a similar motion it furnishes more
colour to the block, and then returns-as in the Section, Sheet II., to rest in, its
sockets at the end of the horizontal rails q, and to bear against the colour
roller, to receive a fresh 'supply, as before mentioned. When the block is
in its horizontal position, it rests on the points of the four screws x, y, as
before stated. These screws must be regulated to place the block exactly level,
or so that the furnishing roller will apply fairly beneath it, and furnish the
colour equally. As soon as the block is furnished in this manner, two small
projecting teeth, at the ends of tho. axis D of the segment, press the tails of
the catches n, and release them, whereupon the plank and block turn down

page_text: by their own weight into the position of the Section, Sheet II., ready to print.
Note, the upright spring pieces z, which as before mentioned sustained the
plank when it was horizontal, are bent backwards out of the way by its
weight as soon as it comes into the inclined position. When the segment e
comes round into the position of the Section, Sheet II., it takes the stops of the
plank b, at the same time that the D roller takes the stops.13 of the plank 9,
so that the copper plate and the block are both printed on the calico at one
operation. When garment pieces are printed in this press, the copper plate 10
prints the first colour in the usual manner, and my improved block prints the
second or grounding colour in the manner above described. When hand-
kerchiefs and shawls with borders are printed in this press with my improved
border plate A, my improved block 6 will only print the grounding color
on the middle or filling part of the handkerchief, but not on the cross-borders;
therefore, after the border plate A has printed one of its impressions, as before
described, the mechanism of my improved block 6 must be put out of action.
For this purpose one of the cog wheels for h must be fitted upon a round.part
of its axis, and be provided with a clutch box, by which, it can be engaged or
disengaged from the axis at pleasure, so that the workman can leave the segment
e motionless during two successive impressions, when the two cross borders
which have been printed on the calico by my border plate pass by the block b.
To print the grounding color for these cross borders another block is applied
to the press, to be worked by a boy who is seated upon a stage over
the .press.
This block is affixed with its face downwards to a plank N, which is attached
by iron arms o to a orizontal axis P, extended across the top of, the jambs of
the press. The plank N is provided with long iron handles. Q, which arise
upwards and terminate in a cross handle R, by which the boy can raise up the
plank and block into a horizontal position, as shewn in Sheet II., in order to
furnish colour to the face of the block, and then he can put it down into the
inclined position shewn by the dotted lines, and press it upon the calico. In
order to print the same, S is an inclined plank or table fixed between the
jambs of the press, behind the blanket and calico, to react against the pressure
of the block. The color is furnished to the block M from a color seive of
that kind commonly used for block printing, which floats on a fluid contained
in a shallow tray T, mounted upon four wheels, to run up orizontal rails V
fixed to the top of the jambs of the press. When the boy lifts up the plank
by its handle R, as in Sheet II., the tray T is run beneath the block M, and
by pressing the block down upon the seive contained in the tray, the color
is furnished to the block; when the block is lifted up the tray is wheeled

page_text: away from beneath it, to allow the block to be put down to print on calico.
The pivots at each end of the axis P are supported in sockets, which are so
fitted in grooves as to be capable of adjustment, in order to make the im-
pression of the block M fall correctly on the calico, and there are guide
pieces X fixed to the insides of the jambs of the press to guide the plank
sideways. The block M is pressed down to print when the calico is standing
still after the impression of the copper plate and the block a have been taken
as before described, and whilst the colour is furnished to that plate and block.
Note, as the calico and top roller are not always certain to stop at the exact
places where the impressions are required, a second crank W, Sheets I. and
III., is applied to the end of the axis of the D roller; it is formed in the same
piece with the crank 18, 19, before described, and acts in a similar manner
beneath the lever 17 to raise it, and by the plate 16 to push the top roller and
calico a little backwards. This second crank W comes into action immediately
after the copper plate and block a have printed, and then it pushes the calico
back so
as to place it exactly right for receiving the impressions of the
block M. The piu of the crank W is nearer to the centre of the D roller
than the pin 18 of the other crank 19, and therefore it does not push the
roller so far back as to bring its teeth 15 into the way of the stops 14 of the
carriage, but leaves the carriage at liberty to be run in, as already described.
When garment pieces are printed in this press, the last-mentioned block M
may be used to print a third grounding colour; but if the press is used for
printing handkerchiefs with borders, then the block M must be attached to
its plank N by means of a moveable bed of the same nature as that to which
the border place A is attached, as before described; whereby the block may be
turned end for end to reverse it. The construction of the moveable bed, being
the same as already described, needs no farther explanation, except that as the
block and moveable bed is at the under side of the plank, instead of being at the
upper side thereof, the centre of motion on which the moveable bed turns round
(in order to reverse it) is an axis Z, Sheet II., which passes through a socket in
the plank, and has a cross handle Y fixed upon the upper end of it, for the
boy to turn it by, in order to reverse the block. For printing some sorts of
shawls or handkerchiefs, it may be found adviseable, instead of employing my
improved border plate A, to use a narrow copper plate, on which two cross
borders are engraved, reversed to each other, leaving the necessary space
between the two, and this will at one impression print the adjacient borders of
two handkerchiefs. Attempts have been already made to print handkerchiefs
with borders by this mode; but if such a border plate should be applied to a

page_text: press containing my improvement for printing the grounding colors by flat block
at a and M as before described, then the moveable bed for the block M need
not be reversed, but instead thereof the said block must be cut so as to print
two borders reversed to each other, corresponding with impression of the said
border plate.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Bush, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and twenty and
MATTE
(L.8.) BUSH.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twentieth day of January,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Matthew Bush came before
our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Twentieth day of January, in the year above written.