Improvements in Cooking Stoves or Ranges.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 8th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cooking Stoves or Ranges.
1 JOHN EYRE RUSSELL, Ironfounder, of Peel Foundry, Derby in the County
of Derby, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to ensure the complete and effective heating of
the ovens of closed cooking stoves or ranges, more particularly of those known as
the Yorkshire and Lancashire ranges, but the invention is equally applicable to the
ovens of any other type of closed kitchener.
The hot gases in the type named, usually pass from the fire directly under the
oven, up a side flue formed by oue side of the oven and the setting, and then across
the top to the chimney.
When passing over the top, the hot gases strike the hot plate rather than the
top of the oven, the result being, that the temperature of the upper part of the
oven is not raised to the proper degree, and the oven is thus heated unevenly.
Now, according to this invention, I enlarge the oven sufficiently to permit of
the same, and I arrange the flues for the passage of the hot gases inside the oven,
leaving an air space between the flues and the side walls, so that the air may
circulate round the flues, and thus become heated.
In this way, the oven becomes equally heated in all parts, and the heating
of the oven is effected more quickly than heretofore, as the heat of the hot gases
is confined within the oven, instead of being imparted to the hot plate or the walls
of the setting.
In some cases I may pass the internal flue across the top of the oven only, the
side flue being arranged in the usual way.
The top flue will of course be suitably connected with the chimney, or with
chimney flue, which may be arranged immediately above the oven, and provided
with a damper, as usual..
Dated this 12th day of Anril 1893
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cooking Stoves or Ranges.
I, JOHN EYRE RUSSELL, Ironfounder, of Peel Foundry, Derby in the County
of Derby, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what' manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to ensure the complete and effective heating of
the ovens of cooking stoves or ranges, more particularly of those known as the
Yorkshire and Lancashire ranges, but the invention is equally applicable to the
ovens of any other type of closed kitchener.
The hot gases in the type named usually pass from the fire directly under the
oven, up a side flue formed by the outer side of the oven and the setting, and then
over the top of the oven to the chimney.
While passing over the top, the hot gases strike the hot plate, rather than the
top of the oven, the result being, that the temperature of the upper part of
the oven is not raised to the proper degree, and the oven is thus heated unevenly.
Price R1

page_text: Now, according to this invention, 1 arrange one or more of the flues for the
passage of the hot gases inside the oven, and connect the same with the ordinary
exit flue, extending the oven. to provide a space for the flue or flues, without
contracting the working capacity of the oven.
In the accompanying drawings, I have shewn three variations of the manner of
carrying out my invention, so as to ensure an even and efficient heating of the ovens
of kitchen ranges.
Fig. 1 shows in front elevation the kind of open-fire cooking stove or range
known as the Yorkshire or Lancashire range, to which my invention applies.
Fig. 2 shews in sectional elevation. the oven end of the range, as fitted in place,
the section being taken in the line 1. 2 of Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 3 is a cross section of the range, taken in the line 3, 4 of Figs. 1 and 2, and
looking towards the right hand.
Fig. 4 is a cross section taken in the line 5. 6 of Fig. 1, shewing the opening
which connects the grate with the bottom flue of the oven; also the damper in the
exit flue for regulating the draught.
: In these figures, A. is the oven, so set or constructed as to have below it a
horizontal flue a and a vertical flue b, as usual in Yorkshire ranges.
The flue 6 is closed at top by the hot plate B.
Fitted within the oven, at a short distance below the top of the same, which is.
extended upwards to the hot plate, is a horizontal flue C, opening at one end into.
the external flue b, and connected at its opposite end with the vertical flue D, which
extends downwards through the hot plate, and through the top of the oven, to reach.
the flue C.
The breadth of this flue C is such as to allow of free space between it and the
back and front of the oven, for the circulation of the hot air around it, as is clearly
shewn in Fig. 3.
.
E is a damper fitted to the flue D, and serving to regulate the draught of hot
gases from the grate through the flues a, b, C, and D, on their passage to. the
chimney.
In the above mentioned figures, I have shewn the invention as applied to what is.
known as the Yorkshire or Lancashire range, but it will be obvious that one or
more internal flues may be readily adapted to the ovens of open or closed ranges
generally.
Fig. 5 shews in front sectional view an oven with an internal vertical, as well as
a horizontal flue.
The flue, a is external of the oven, and is formed, as in the first described
arrangement, by the setting, and there are air spaces closed at top, at the fire side
of the oven, and at the back of the oven, in direct communication with the
Alue a.
Instead of the flue 6 of Fig. 2 formed outside the oven by the side wall, the flue
is in this case placed within the oven, and leads from the flue, a to the horizontal
flue C, with which it connects at right angles thereto.
The flue C, in this case, passes through the fire side of the oven, and' serves
to close, at top, the air space between the oven and the check of the fire place.
D is the uptake flue, connecting the flue C with the chimney.
In this arrangement, it will be understood that the air in the oven circulates
around both the flues 6 and C, and that to compensate for the space occupied by
the internal flue b, the oven is extended laterally to the side wall.
Fig. 6 shews, in front section, a close-fire-range oven arranged according to my
invention; and
Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical section of the same.
In this case, three internal flues are used, around which the air in the oven-is
free to circulate. The heated gases enter the external flue a, formed by the top of
the oven and the hot plate, and pass down an internal flue 6 to the horizontal
flue. C of Fig. 2, but now situate near the bottom of the oven.

page_text: In connection with this flue C, is a vertical flue C*, also situate within the oven,
and extending upwards to the flue D, which leads to the chimney.
The capacity of the oven in this case is maintained by increasing its depth to an
extent corresponding to the space occupied by the third internal flue C*.
From the foregoing explanation it will be understood, that the temperature of
the heated oven will be practically uniform in all its parts, and thus, there being a
free circulation of the air in the oven around the flue or flues, the defect hitherto
experienced, when baking in either open or closed ranges, is avoided. Moreover,
the heating of the oven is effected more quickly than heretofore, as the heat of the
hot gases is confined within the oven, instead of being diffused through the walls of
the setting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
The application to the ovens of open and closed cooking stoves or ranges, of an
internal flue or flues in the manner and for the purpose above set forth.
Dated this 8th day of January 1894.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.