CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO LAMPS OF DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIONS
Year: 1811

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
SMETHURST, of New Bond Street, in the Parish of Saint George, Hanover
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Lamp Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, in and by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eleventh day of March now last past, for Himself, His
heirs, and successors, did give and grant unto me, the said James Smethurst,
His especial license, full power, sole privilege, and authority, that I, the said
James Smethurst, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said James Smethurst, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO LAMPS OF
DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIONS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso, obliging me, the said James Smethurst, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to
cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited

page_text: Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereto had, will more
fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Smethurst, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said
improvements, and the manner in which the same is. to be performed, by the
Plans or Drawings hereunto annexed, and as follows, that is to say:-
My improvements on the oleum-pneumatic moon lamp are as follows, that
is to say: I attach my former patent spiral burner with a screw valve, as
therein described, with a new method of refixing the burner always in the
same direction after being taken off to clean, &c. as in Drawing, No. 2,
by a pin in the seat 3, and an hole in the collar 2, and screwed down by the
ring 1.
Drawing No. 1 is a longer tube F, to prevent the foul oil coming out of
chamber I, when reversed to trim, which foul decomposed oil, if mixed with
the oil intended to be burnt, injures both the cotton and the oil, and causes
the lamp not to burn well. I let the foul oil run out of chamber I through
the cock at the side Y; my method to prevent the oil running out of tube C
into K, and conveying it into Q by a conical or any other form of conductor
into O, which prevents the oil running out of chamber G on returning the
lamp on its foot, and has an aperture N in it for the ingress and egress of oil,
and I attach Q with the conductor O, together or separate, to the top or the
side or bottom of K.
No. 2, a method of filling the lamp at the bottom by having flat valves, or
cones, or other shaped valves, on E and D, which, when the lamp is inverted,
shut E and D to prevent the oil running out at E and D while filling at the
plug and seat A, and the valves L, L, open by their own gravity or may be
made to open with greater certainty by levers and weights, as at M, M, when
the lamp is turned upon its foot. The place where the lamp is filled is at the
plug and seat A, which opens a communication G by the tube U, and the
tube U is surrounded by another tube W, that communicates by one or more
holes in the side of the seat 1 to the chamber H, and I take the foul air out of
chamber I by the tube V and plug and seat and screw cap X.
No. 3, another method of filling the lamp at the bottom by two separate
tubes U and W, and plugs and seats A, A, that when the plugs or stoppers A, A,
are taken out, the two spring stoppers L, L, shuts the tubes E and D, and
when the stoppers A, A, are replaced, they press upon wires which pass through
the tubes U and W, and open the tubes E and D.
No. 4. To fill the lamp at the bottom, take out the plugg A, which opens a

page_text: communication to the chamber G through the tube U, and the tube U is
surrounded by another tube W, and has a space between U and W, that
communicates by.one or more holes thro uh the side of the seat 1 and through
the tube W to the chamber H; and I stop the tubes E and D with the cock Z;
which prevents the oil running out of E and D when filling the lamp, the
cock Z.having a separate aperture for each tube E and D. There are many
advantages in this lamp which gives it a superiority over all others.
First, by putting the oil in at the bottom, the good oil cannot get into
chamber I, and mix with the foul decomposed oil, as is always the case in the
lamps that fill at the top, the old lamps not having so long a tube F in the
chamber I nor the valve Y. Nota bene.-A plugg and scat may be sub-
stituted for a cock, or a cock for a plugg and scat or valve.
:
Secondly, when the lamp is trimmed for use, the chamber G and I being
full of oil, it may be carried or placed in any direction, even if inverted no oil
I can escape, and may remain a considerable time in the lamp without any
injury to either, and when wanted to be used open the cock Z. I make one
or more apertures, and cover them in the side of each chamber G, II, I, and K,
which covers may be conveniently taken off to repair or clean the lamp if
required. The new invented cock Y, I describe as follows:-The plugg and
lever T turning in. the seat S, when turned as it is in the Drawing, the
aperture in the plugg T is open to the aperture on the lower side of S, and if
any oil is in the chamber it will run down the curved channel T, the scat S
is fixed in an angle with the side of the lamp, so that when T is turned up
to R, it will be within the perpendicular of the side of the lamp, and is then
stopped.
Drawing, No. 5, is my improved domestic lamp, which may be carried
about without injury to the light, and burns with a brighter flame than
common lamps. The glass chimney A is a cylinder or other form fixed in a
metal glass holder, or supported by wires or other material. The glass holder B
has holes perforated in the side C, and has a circular, flatt, or curved plate D,
with holes perforated within the inner part of the glass chimney A and a hole
at E, which admits a space around the burner tube E, Figure 2, for the free
admission of air to the flame. The burner screw G, Figure 3, with round or
flat tubes, either connected or separate. The reservoir for oil is at F. The
metal plate D, Figure 3, may be attached to the burner screw G by wires, as
represented at H, or by any other means so as to admit the necessary current
of air. Figure 4 is the female screw for the burner E. Figure 5 is the
domestic lamp compleat, with my new invented glass chimney A.

page_text: The Drawing No. 6 is an improved apparatus with double cone globe, or
as at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or other form for the increase of light in lamps burning
with an inner current of air. The double cone A, Figure 1 and 2, I prefer,
and is fixed to the rod or wire B, which is attached to the tube C, and slides
into the middle tube of the burner E, Figure 2. When slided up the burner
tube to the stop F, the double cone will be at its proper place; D, a knob or
handle, to slide the cone down to clean or trim the burner.
:
Also I do apply to my improved oleum-pneumatic moon lamp any number
of my patent spiral burners or common burners, or burners similar to my
improved burners and apparatus described in Drawing No. 5 of my improved
domestic lamp, and when so applied I call it my economical oleum-pneumatic
lamp, either when the said burners are attached to the body of the lamp or
projected from it by straight or curved tubes or arms G, as in Drawing No. 7,
to any required distance, and these lamps can be made of various sizes and
forms. The interior of the vase or body I is similar to the Drawing No. 4;
the burner tube K, as represented at D in No. 4, is attached to a stop-
cock M, which is represented open. A stem N projects from the plug of the
cock with a square end to it, and a square hole in the ornament O, and by
turning the ornament O, or by any other means, the cock is shut or opened.
When the lamp is to be filled with oil, the cock M must be shut, which
prevents the oil running out of R, when the burner or burners are taken off
at L by a screw coupling valve, as represented at 1, 2, 3, in Drawing No. 2.
An improved glass chimney A, the inside of which may be a cylinder or the
frustum of a cone whose base is at B. The outside may be curved or the
frustum of a cone whose inverted base is at P. By this construction the rays
of light are more or less refracted downwards in proportion as the curvature
or cone is greater or less. And I use these or any other form of glass chimney
to all sorts of lamps, and I take off the polish from the inside, which renders
the light pleasant to the eye, and refracts a greater quantity of light than when
.the polish is taken off the outside as before used. I use them also with the
polish on. The thick part of the glass chimney P may be nearer to or farther
from the burner E, when the light is required to be refracted nearer or
farther.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Smethurst, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eleven.
JAMES SMETHURST. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Tenth day of September,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid James Smethurst came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And
also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Tenth day of September, in the year above written.