Improvements relating to Welding, Soldering, and otherwise Working Metals by Electricity.
Year: 1890

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 30th June, 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Welding, Soldering, and otherwise Working
Metals by Electricity.
I, MARK WESLEY DEWEY, of 150 North Salina Street in the City of Syracuse,
in the County of Onondaga, in the State of New York, Electrician, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to the application of heat to bars or blanks of metal or other
material to be welded, worked or treated; and it consists, essentially, in exposing or
subjecting the work or the part of the same to be heated and operated upon to the.
influence or action of a magnetic field of rapidly-changing strength or polarity and
suitable density until said work is sufficiently heated or softened and then performing
the desired operation upon the same, which may be welding, bending, or treating
the work in any manner.
My invention consists, further, in suitably enveloping the part of the blank to be
heated and operated upon to prevent radiation of heat therefrom, and certain. other
features, hereinafter referred to.
This invention is designed to be utilized for effecting all manner of welding,
soldering, brazing, working, and treating operations of metals and other materials.
Some of the advantages derived from my method are; bars or blanks of different
sizes and conductivities can be heated without varying the volume of the current,
the electric current to be employed may be generated by any suitable and convenient
and transformation of the current is unnecessary in many cases or at least to
the great extent usually required.
means,
In the accompanying drawings,
Figures 1 and 2 are respectively side and sectional elevations of an apparatus
adapted for accomplishing my method of working metals, &c.
Fig. 3 is another form of apparatus having an inclosure to prevent radiation.
Fig. 4 shows a simple form of apparatus in which but one pole of the magnet is in
proximity to the bar, and
Fig. 5 shows insulating material interposed between the poles and the bar to be
heated.
Referring specifically to the drawings, A in the figures represents the bar or bars
to be heated and worked or welded, supported upon two supports B and B' and secured
thereto by clamps 6 and 6'. Support B is stationary, and B¹ is movable toward and
from the other support, so that by moving, by means of screw G, the support B', the
bar or bars held by said supports can be subjected either to compression endwise or
to tension or drawing out lengthwise, as may be desired.
C is an electro-magnet located between the aforesaid supports at the part or point
of the bar or blank A to be heated and operated upon, and is supported by a standard
or base C mounted upon the table a of the apparatus, but is insulated from said base
by insulation d. The magnet C and its support C may be moved to any position or
location between the supports B and B¹ to effect the heating of any desired part of
the bar between the latter supports, and there fastened by means of the clamp e.
The coil c of insulated wire of the electro-magnet C is included in circuit with a

page_text: suitable source of irregular or alternating electric current D and a suitable current-
regulator, (represented in the drawings by an adjustable resistance D¹).
In some cases, or when the source of electricity produces currents of too high
tension, the currents should be transformed by suitable means—for instance, as
described in my prior United States Patents in Metal Working; No. 402,416, dated
April 30, 1889, and No. 408,875, dated August 13, 1889, for the reason that better
results are obtained when the coil is of comparatively low resistance. The core c¹,
located within the coil, is preferably formed of iron wires, rods, or plates, and
laminated so that the core will not become greatly heated, but in some cases the
core may be solid or in one piece. One of the poles or both are arranged so that
the work may be placed and held in contact with or in proximity to said pole or
poles. Rapid alternating currents are preferably passed through the coil, which, by
means of the iron core, produce a dense but rapidly-changing magnetic field about
the poles and work, thereby inducting alternating eddy-currents of great volume.in
the work, which rapidly raises the temperature of the same to a high degree, or to the
required extent necessary for welding or working it.
The core. C¹ (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) is ring shaped, has its poles somewhat
shaped to correspond to the form of the bar, and is in two parts, so that the upper
part can be readily applied to the bar to be heated, and removed from said bar, if
desired, after the temperature of the bar has been raised to the required extent. The
upper part of the core c¹ is hinged to the lower part above the coil c by the hinge E;
and by means of the screw connecting the lugs i and on the parts of the core,
the upper part of said core can be easily lifted from the lower part either for the
purpose of removing the blank A or of regulating the heat or strength of the
magnetic field.
To prevent waste of heat by radiation, the work or both the work and the poles of
the core may be enveloped or inclosed by a receptacle or envelope F of suitable
material, as shown in Fig. 3. The latter figure shows both poles of the magnet
located adjacent to and on one side of the bar to be heated, and inclosed with the part
of the bar A to be heated, in a non-heat conducting box F.
The simple form of apparatus shown in Fig. 4 is adapted for heating wires or
small bars or plates of metal, for soldering and brazing purposes, or metal working
not requiring a very great amount of heat.
The insulating material f upon the poles of the magnet in Fig. 5 may be of
clay, asbestos, or other suitable material, and serves to hold the bar firmly at a
certain distance from the poles, and also partly retains or confines the heat in
the bar.
It will be obvious that the apparatus may be greatly modified without departing
from the spirit of my invention, as its scope is not confined to the specific forms or
arrangements of apparatus shown and described herein.
Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by
Letters Patent, is:-
1.The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in subjecting the work to the influence of a magnetic field, rapidly changing the
strength or polarity of the field, thereby raising the temperature of the work to the
required extent and then performing the desired operation upon the same.
2. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in subjecting the work to the influence of a magnetic field, rapidly changing the
strength or polarity of the field, partly or wholly surrounding the work with suitable
material to prevent radiation of heat, thereby raising the temperature of the work to
the required extent, and then performing the desired operation upon the same.
3. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in subjecting or exposing the work at a point to be heated to the influence of a
magnetic field, rapidly changing the strength or polarity of the field, thereby raising
the temperature of the work to the required. extent, and then performing the desired
operation upon the same
L

page_text: 4. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in generating an irregular electric current in a conductor including a coil of insulated
wire, locating an iron core within the coil, placing the work in proximity to one or
both poles of the core, exposing said work to the magnetic action until sufficiently
heated, and then performing the desired operation upon the same.
5. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in generating an irregular electric current in a conductor including a coil of
insulated wire, locating a laminated iron core within the coil, placing the work
in proximity to one or both poles of the core, exposing said work to the magnetic
action until sufficiently heated, and then performing the desired operation upon the
same.
6. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in generating an alternating electric current in a conductor including a coil of
insulated wire, locating a laminated iron core within the coil, placing the work
in proximity to one or both poles of the core, exposing said work to the magnetic
action until sufficiently heated, and then performing the desired operation upon the
same.
7. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in generating an alternating electric current in a conductor including a coil of
insulated wire, locating a laminate iron core within the coil, placing the work in
proximity to and between both poles of the core, exposing said work to the magnetic
action until sufficiently heated, and then performing the desired operation upon the
same.
8. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in generating an alternating electric current in a conductor including a coil of
insulated wire, locating a laminated iron core within the coil, placing the work in
proximity to one or both poles of the core, partly or wholly inclosing the work and the
one or both poles in proximity thereto with suitable material to prevent radiation of
heat, exposing said work to the magnetic action until sufficiently heated, and then
performing the desired operation upon the same.
9. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in subjecting the work to the influence of a magnetic field, rapidly changing the
strength or polarity of the field, thereby raising the temperature of the work to the
required extent, controlling the temperature by varying the strength of the field, and
then performing the desired operation upon the same.
10. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal-working, consisting
in generating an irregular electric current in a conductor including a coil of
insulated wire, locating an iron core within the coil, placing the work in proximity
to one or both poles of the core, exposing said work to the magnetic action until
sufficiently heated, controlling the beat by varying the distance between the pole or
poles and the work, and then performing the desired operation upon the same.
11. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in subjecting the work to the influence of a magnetic field, suitably holding or sup-
porting the work, rapidly changing the strength or polarity of the field, thereby
raising the temperature of the work to the required extent, and then performing the
desired operation upon the same.
12. The herein-described method of electric welding or metal working, consisting
in generating an irregular electric current in a conductor, including a coil of
insulated wire, locating an iron core within the coil, placing the work in proximity to
one or both of the poles of the core, suitably holding or supporting the work, exposing
said work to the magnetic action until sufficiently heated, and then performing the
desired operation upon the same.
Dated
MARK WESLEY DEWEY.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.