IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS, IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE WASTE HEAT THEREFROM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF REFINED' SALT, AND IN THE APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS, IN THE UTILIZATION
OF THE WASTE HEAT THEREFROM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF REFINED' SALT,
AND IN THE APPARATUS THEREFOR." -A communication from abroad
by Julius Erichsen and Jörgen' Georg Maardt, both of Copenhagen,
in the Kingdom of Denmark.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th April 1872.
I, PETER JENSEN, of 89,. Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS, IN THE
UTILIZATION OF THE WASTE HEAT THEREFROM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF REFINED
SALT, AND IN THE APPARATUS THEREFOR," (a communication to me from

page_text: abroad by Julius Erichsen and Jörgen Georg Maardt, both of Copen-
hagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark,) to be as follows:-
The coke ovens are arranged in a row side by side. The oven bed
which receives the charge of coals consists of fire-bricks placed edgeways
on an iron plate and held together by an iron hoop fastened to the plate, t
at the back the oven bed hangs in hinges, the front being held up by
a chain or chains attached to a winch, and furthermore resting on a
removable iron prop or pillar if required. The front and back walls of
the oven chamber over the bed rest on strong iron cross bars which are
carried in and by the side walls of the lower part of the oven, the 1
hindmost cross bar carries the hinges in which the oven bed hangs.
The front wall contains one or more small vent holes and one or more
charging holes for each oven. The coals being converted into coke the
oven beds are lowered by the winch and chains, a cart with. its body
suitably projecting in front boing placed underneath to receive the caked 1
block of coke, lowering the bed as required till it rests on a brick
slope in the open space under the oven bed and below ground, which
allows space for lowering the oven bed and also serves to keep the
oven bed plate from overheating. The rest of the coke is then broken
up and removed, the chain rc-hooked to the oven bed, the latter 2
hoisted up and propped up if required, and a fresh charge put on the
red hot bed.
the
The waste heat from the coke oven is utilized in the following
manner :-One end or side of the salt pan rests on the top of the oven
walls, the bottom of the pan there being exposed to the direct heat. 2
A flue or passage through the pan transversely to and over the front
part of the ovens receives the products of combustion by a separate
communicating flue from each oven. One or more flues lead through
pan from the transverse flue to the other end of the pan and thence
to the chimney. Soot doors are provided everywhere as required. 3
When the pan is filled with brine the coke ovens are simultaneously
charged with coals and lighted, the coking being accomplished in from,
say, 12 to 18 hours. The heated products of combustion pass through
the separate flue from each oven into the common transverse fluc, and
thence by one or more longitudinal flues through the pan to the chimney. 3
The salt settles and crystallizes in the pan.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th October 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer
and Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Peter Jensen, Her special licence that
I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COKE
OVENS, IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE WASTE HEAT THEREFROK FOR THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF REFINED SALT, AND IN THE APPARATUS THEREFOR,” (a communication
to me from abroad by Julius Erichsen and Jörgen Georg Maardt, both
of Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors or admi.
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say :-
In order that the said Invention may be more fully understood, I
shall proceed to describe the samo with reference to the accompanying

page_text: Sheet of Drawings, of which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a row of five
ovens, the centre one being shewn in the position of being emptied
into a cart placed beneath the oven bed; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal
section through one of the ovens and the salt pan; Fig. 3 is a similar
but partial view only with the oven bed e let down; Fig. 4 is a half
horizontal section through the line A, B, Fig. 2, and half a plan showing
the flues in the salt pan in dotted lines. The coke ovens are arranged
in a row side by side. They may be in a straight row, as shewn on the
Drawings, which illustrate the Invention as applied to a salt evaporating
pan a, which is heated by the waste heat from the coko ovens, the front 1
part of the salt pan forming the roof of the ovens. The oven bed e
which receives the charge of coals consists of fire-bricks placed edgeways
(or if it is desired to save weight they may be placed on their flat sides)
on an iron plate 1, and held together by an iron hoop m fastened to the
plate ; at the back the oven bed hangs in hinges as shewn, the front
being held up by a chain or chains attached to the barrel of a winch,
and furthermore resting on a removable iron prop or pillar j if required.
The front and back walls of the oven chamber over the bed rest on
strong iron cross bars k¹ and k, which are carried in and by the side walls
of the lower part of the oven; the back cross bars & carries the binges
in which the oven bed hangs. The front wall contains one or more
small vent holes d and one or more charging holes D for each oven.
The coals being converted into cokes the oven beds are lowered by the
winch and chains, a card f with its body suitably projecting in front,
as shewn on Fig. 4, being placed underneath to receive the caked block
of coke lowering the bed as required till it rests on a brick slope h in the
open space g under the oven bed (and below ground if desired), which
allows space for lowering the oven bed and also serves to keep the oven
bed plate from overheating. By this arrangement great height is
saved under the oven bed and the cokes or part of them are conveniently
raked on to a cart and conveyed away. When the oven bed has been
cleared the chains are rehooked to the oven bed, the latter hoisted up
by means of the winch and propped up when required, as shown at
Fig. 2. A fresh charge of coals may then be put on the red hot bed.
The holes in the front wall are closed up when the ovens are fully at
work, but sufficient leakage is allowed in order to supply the necessary
air for supporting the combustion in the ovens and for burning the
gases evolved from the fuel.

page_text: The waste heat from the coke ovens is utilized in the following
manner:-One end or side of the salt pan a rests on the top of the oven
walls, as shewn, the bottom of the pan there being exposed to the
direct heat. A flue or passage 6 through the pan transversely to and
over the front part of the ovens receives the products of combustion by
a separate communicating flue n from each coke oven. One or more
longitudinal flues o pass from the transverse flue 6 through the salt
pan to the chimney flue p; there is only shewn one flue o here. Soot
doors are provided wherever required. When the pan is charged with
brine the coke ovens are simultaneously charged with coals and lighted,
the coking being accomplished from, say, 12 to 13 hours. The salt
settles and crystallizes in the pan. When the operations have thus
been completed the coke ovens and the pan are emptied. It is evident
that in this manner a continuous production of cokes and of crystallized
salt is or may be carried on.
And having thus fully described the nature of this Invention, I have
to state that I am aware that coke ovens have heretofore been made
with hinged beds or bottoms; but what I claim as the Invention herein-
before set forth is,―
Firstly. A hinged coke oven bed or bottom constructed, carried, and
supported while at work and while being discharged, all substantially
as described.
Secondly. The construction of coke carts in combination with the
hinged oven bed, substantially as described.
Thirdly. The mode of discharging the coke, as shewn and described.
And, Fourthly. The construction of coke ovens substantially as
described, and the application of a series or row of such comparatively
small coke ovens to and in combination with a salt pan, all substantially
-as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
my
TAMEn TTAYA