Improvements in the Manufacture of Cellulose.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 29th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cellulose.
I, CARL KELLNER, of Wasagasse 39, Vienna I, Austria, Doctor of Philosophy,
General Manager of the Kellner Partington Paper Pulp Company Ltd., do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
As is well known, when wood is boiled under high pressure, the resulting
cellulose is capable of being well bleached, but only possesses slight strength. On
the other hand, when boiled under low pressure the resulting cellulose has
considerable tenacity and strength but cannot be bleached with ease.
In each case
therefore, the resulting product is deficient in one of the forenamed qualities and
thereby rendered less suitable for the production of the material (for example
paper) desired. As a result of these defects it has been necessary hitherto to
modify the treatment of the wood in such a manner as to obtain a product in
which the quality most needed predominates, the combined properties of good
bleaching quality with tenacity and strength having been hitherto unattainable.
The object of my invention is to obviate the aforesaid disadvantages and, by the
aid of apparatus known in the cellulose-manufacture, to produce cellulose having
strength and tenacity and which also admits of being readily bleached.
For this purpose the wood is boiled under high pressure in the cellulose-apparatus
and the resulting cellulose which is therefore capable of being easily bleached, is
diluted in any known or convenient manner with a suitable amount of water and
treated in apparatus such as a rag engine, opening machine, or separator in order
to detach the fibres from each other and cause them to become intermingled. The
fibres as thus prepared are then freed from knots or small protuberances and impurities
in a pulp-strainer. Hitherto they have then been conducted direct to the paper-
making machine where they are formed into a fibrous felt, but according to my
invention the fibrous mass is first inspissated into a pulpy mass by removing surplus
water and afterwards subjected to the action of a beating apparatus such as that of
a mill-course, or of a ball-mill.
The combined rubbing, kneading, and pressing action of such apparatus produces
a mass, which when thinned with water, is suitable for the purpose of further
treatment in the paper-machine, and which besides being tenacious and strong is
also capable of being easily bleached, and therefore possessing the properties
requisite for the manufacture of stout papers and such as usually contain much
wood-pulp and also for white and fine qualities of paper.
Dated this 16th day of December 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cellulose.
1, CARL KELLNER, of Wasagasse 39, Vienna I, Austria, Doctor of Philosophy,
General Manager of the Kellner Partington Paper Pulp Company Ltd., do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
'As is well known, when wood is boiled under high pressure and consequently

page_text: with considerable rapidity, the resulting cellulose is capable of being well bleached,
but it only possesses slight strength. On the other hand, when wood is boiled
under low pressure the resulting cellulose has considerable tenacity and strength
but cannot be bleached with ease. In each case therefore, the resulting product is
deficient in one of the aforesaid qualities and thereby rendered less suitable for a
the production of the material (for example paper) desired.
As a result of these defects it has been necessary hitherto to modify the
treatment of the wood in such a manner as to obtain according to the different
applications for which the cellulose is intended, different kinds of cellulose, in
each of which the quality most needed predominates, the combined properties ||
of good bleaching quality with tenacity or strength having been hitherto
unattainable.
The object of my invention is to obviate the aforesaid disadvantages and, by the
aid of apparatus known in the cellulose-manufacture, to produce cellulose having
considerable strength or tenacity and which also admits of being readily bleached.
For this purpose the wood is boiled under high pressure in the cellulose-apparatus
and the resulting cellulose which is therefore capable of being easily bleached, is
diluted in any known or convenient manner with a suitable amount of water and
treated in apparatus such as a rag-engine, opening-machine, or separator in order to
detach the fibres from each other and cause them to become intermingled. The
fibres as thus prepared are then freed from knots or small protuberances and
impurities in a pulp-strainer. Hitherto they have then been conducted direct to
the paper making machine where they are formed into a fibrous felt, but according
to my invention the fibrous mass is first inspissated or thickened into a pulpy mass
by removing surplus water therefrom and afterwards subjected to the action of a
beating-apparatus such as that of a mill-course, or of a ball-mill.
The combined rubbing, kneading, and pressing action of such apparatus produces
a mass, which when thinned with water, is suitable, for the purpose of further
treatment in the paper-machine, and which besides being tenacious and strong is
also capable of being easily bleached, and therefore possessing the properties
requisite for the manufacture of stout papers and such as usually contain much
wood-pulp and also for white and fine qualities of paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
The herein described manufacture of a strong, tenacious wood cellulose the
fibres composing which are thoroughly intermingled and are capable of being
easily bleached, according to which the material obtained by boiling wood cellular
tissue under high pressure, afterwards working it in a known manner as in a rag-
engine, opening-machine or separator, and passing the product through a pulp-
strainer, is transformed into a thick pulp by the withdrawal of water therefrom,
and is then subjected to a beating action in a suitable beating-machine, mill course
or ball-mill, substantially as herein described.
. Dated this 29th day of January 1894.