IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AND LOCALIZING ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRIC SIGNALS AND MESSAGES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Luis Marie de Bejar y O'Lawlor, of West Kensington,
Park, in the County of Middlesex, for, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AND LOCALIZING ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR
THE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRIC SIGNALS AND MESSAGES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Luis Marie de Bejar y
O'Lawlor at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May
1881.
LUIS MARIE DE BEJAR Y O'LAWLOR, of West Kensington Park, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AND
LOCALIZING ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRIC SIGNALS
AND MESSAGES."
The Invention relates partly to improvements in apparatus of the kind described
in the Specification of a Patent granted to me bearing date the 31st day of
January, A.D. 1878, and numbered 408, and partly to what is known as auto-
quinetic signalling apparatus, and has for object the simplifaction of such
apparatuses and the extension of the utility thereof.
In the apparatus described in the said Patent, No. 408, certain arrangements of
wires and apparatus form electric telegraph systems or circuits in which a central
or principal station is in electric (communication with a number of other stations,
houses, or places, and the arrangements are such that communications may be sent
from any one of the said stations, houses, or places to the central or principal station,
or vice versa, or from anyone of the said stations, houses, or places to any other of the
said stations, houses, or places in the same system or circuit without such communi-
cations being audible, or visible, or otherwise indicated at any station, house, or
place other than that for which it is intended, nor can any station except the
central or principal one interrupt a message that is being sent between two other
stations, houses, or places.
The principal features of the said apparatus described in the aforesaid Speci-
fication of Patent, No. 408 consist, firstly, of a modification of the aforesaid
autoquinetic system of line_wires and blocking and preparing apparatus connected
Price 871

page_text: -
therewith; secondly, of apparatus at the central or principal station for controlling
and localizing the communications between the subordinate stations, houses, or
places themselves and between them and the central station; and, thirdly, of
apparatus at the subordinate stations, houses, or places for effecting the necessary
connexions in accordance with the controlling or localizing mechanism at the
station. The first part of the present Invention consists of certain improvements
in the apparatuses under the second. and third heads above named, and in their
connexion with the "auto-quinetic" arrangements referred to under the first
head.
In the following description of the nature of the said first part of the present
Invention, for the sake of brevity and distinction, the central or principal station
will be called the station," and the subordinate stations, houses, or places con-
nected with it "the houses" or "the house," as the case may be.
"
""
Any number of these "stations" with their associated "houses
may be
connected together electrically, so as to constitute a series of telegraph centres so
connected to one another that any "house" belonging to one centre can be put
into electric communication with any "house" belonging to another centre through
what may be called a main central station.
The improved apparatus at the "stations" consists in certain arrangements of
mechanism, whereby the electro magnets and what is called the "feeder" in the
aforesaid controlling and localizing apparatus, shown in Figures 1, 1a, 8, and 9 of
the Drawings annexed to the said Specification, No. 408 are dispensed with, and
for this purpose I employ an insulated metallic ring capable of turning on a centre;
this ring is divided into a number of equal parts corresponding to the number of
"houses
with which the "station" is or may be connected, plus one. On the axis
of the said ring and insulated therefrom is fixed a star wheel, divided into as
many teeth as there are equal parts in the ring. This ring and its attendant star
wheel are caused to turn by means of clockwork when liberated by the depression
of a key or other detent. The, ring is pierced at each of its equal divisions with
a hole adapted to receive a metallic plug. Each of the aforesaid holes corresponds
to one of the "houses" on the line connected to the particular "station."
When
"
$1
.
રી house" calls the "station" through what is known as the signalling wire of the
auto-quinetic lines the attention bells at the "station" are rung and the attendant at
the "station" receives by the telephone or other signalling instrument employed the
message from the "house" that called requesting to be placed in communication with
another "house" on the same line, or with one on another line belonging to another
"station "with which its own " station " can communicate. If the "house"
required to be communicated with is on the same line as that on which the
house" that called is situated the attendant at the "station "places the before-
mentioned plug in the hole of the ring, which corresponds with the "house" to be
called and releases the ring, which, at once begins to turn together with the star
wheel on its axis. As each tooth of this star wheel passes a pair of contact springs
a current is sent into what is called the "starting" wire of the auto-quinetic lines;
this current acts apon the instruments at each "house" in a manner to be hereafter
described; the number of currents so passed into the starting wire depends upon
the position of the "house" that called on the line, for example, if that "house"
be the sixth from the "station" six currents will pass, because six teeth of the star
wheel will pass the contact springs before the plug which has been placed in the
ring arrives at a position where it operates upon another spring contact maker, so
as to break the connection with the starting wire. When telephones are used at
the "stations" and "houses" I prefer to hang them when not in use upon the
hooked ends of levers, so arranged that when the said telephones are hanging on
them one or other branch of such levers shall keep closed the electric connection
in readiness to conduct a current to the attention, bells when a signal shall be sent.
When on the other hand the telephone is removed from its hook the lever opens
the connection with the bell and closes that with the "house" or "station," as the
case may be.
3

page_text: "
"
The improved apparatus at the "houses consists of certain arrangements of
mechanism whereby the rotating commutators, shown in Figure 2, and the rings
and feeler, shown in Figures 10 to 14 of the Drawing annexed to the aforesaid
Specification, No. 408, are dispensed with, and for this purpose I employ at each
house" an electro magnet, the armature of which carries a click adapted to mově
a ratchet wheel tooth by tooth as the said armature is attracted or repelled; this
ratchet wheel is connected with and turns an insulated disc carrying a metallic
ring, in which are formed. two notches; the disc also carries two springs, one of
which is connected with the metallic ring, the other with the axis of the disc: On
a second axis is mounted a lever with a cross arm near its outer end; on the two
ends of this cross arm are springs which pass in between two sets of segmental
contact plates, and also near the end of the aforesaid lever is placed a kind of knife
edge which when the lever is in its normal position comes between the two springs
on the aforesaid disc and closes the circuit, when the disc is turned by the action
of the electro magnet and click on the ratchet wheel: The lever carries a stop
which takes under a projecting part of the metallic ring surrounding the insulated
disc, so that the lever can only be raised when one or other of the: beforementioned
notches in the said ring coincides with the stop on the lever. The positions of the
springs on the disc and of the notches in the disc ring are dependant upon the
relative position of the "house" in the district with regard to the station." The
arrangements and electric connections are such that each electric current allowed
to pass by the star wheel and contact spring of the controlling or localizing
apparatus at the "station," as herein before described, causes the electro magnet in
each of the "houses" to attract its armature, and to move its ratchet wheel one
tooth. As the number of these electric currents is dependant upon the number in
the series of the "house" to be called, and the position of the springs and notches
on the disc and ring in each "House" corresponds to the same condition, it follows
that when the number of currents corresponding to any particular "house" has
been sent by the controlling and localizing instrument at the "station," and the
plug in the ring at the "station" has broken the connection, the springs on the
disc at the "house" will have arrived at the knife edge of the lever, and that
particular "house" will be called, and the lever at that "house "will be liberated
and can be moved so as to make the proper contacts through the beforementioned
segment contact plates for speaking either with the "station" or with another
"house," as the case may be.
"
When it is desired to signal or speak from a
house" in one district to a
"house" in another district, the operators at the main central and other "stations"
involved have under their control suitable commutators whereby the wires of the
various districts can be connected, as may be required.
If desired there may be several sets of line wires so connected with the
apparatuses that any two "houses" may be connected by one of them, any other
two by a second, another two by a third, and so on, the whole being commanded
from the "station," as in the case of one set of wires above described.
It will be understood that any suitable signalling apparatus may be employed
with these arrangements as may be preferred, such as, for example, the "Morse"
instrument, the needle instrument, the telephone, or other.
The second part of the present Invention consists of an improved and simplified
arrangement of the mechanism employed in autoquinetic apparatus adapted for
signalling from a series of "houses" or "stations" to a central "station," as in the
case of fire or thief alarms, or such like.
In this arrangement the "starting" and "signalling" line wires and commutator
at the centralstation" usually employed in the auto-quinetic system are retained.
The continuity of the "starting" wire in passing through the instruments at the
"houses" is completed or broken by means of a contact lever so arranged that
when these instruments are in their normal condition the continuity of the
"starting" wire is completed through them by the said levers, but when any one
of these levers is turned into a certain position, that part of the "starting" wire

page_text: extending from the central "station" to the instrument in which the lever has
been moved is put to earth through the coil of an electro-magnet. As soon as a
battery or other current is allowed to pass by the commutator at the "station,"
the said electro-magnet attracts its armature, and when the said current is cut. off
by the said commutator the said armature is drawn back by a spring or weight;
the movement of the armature causes a ratchet or escape wheel, and thereby a
star wheel to turn on their axis to a certain extent, which has the effect of closing
two spring contact makers, putting a telephone or other signalling instrument at
the "house" in circuit by the "signalling" wire with the telephone or other
signalling instrument at the station, at the same time liberating the aforesaid
contact lever, allowing it to return into its normal position, restoring the continuity
of the "starting" wire. The proper action of each part of the mechanism may be
indicated to the operator by means of tell-tale discs brought opposite to certain
openings in the case of the instrument or otherwise. Registering apparatus may
also be applied to indicate the number of times the alarm apparatus has been used.
This registering apparatus may consist of a strip of paper which is moved forward
and punctured or otherwise marked each time the instrument is used.
"

page_text: «
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Luis Marie de Bejar y O'Lawlor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 10th November 1881.
LUIS MARIE DE BEJAR Y O'LAWLOR, of West Kensington Park, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING AND
LOCALIZING ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRIC SIGNALS
AND MESSAGES."
The Invention relates partly to improvements in apparatus of the kind described
in the Specification of a Patent granted to me, bearing date the 31st day of
January A.D. 1878, and numbered 40S, and partly to what is known as auto-
quinetic signalling apparatus, and has for object the simplification of such
apparatuses, and the extension of the utility thereof.
In the apparatus described in the Specification of the said Patent, No. 408,
A.D. 1878, certain arrangements of line wires and apparatus form electric telegraph
systems or circuits in which a central or principal station is in electric communi-
cation with a number of other stations, houses, or places, and the arrangements are
such that communications may be sent from any one of the said stations, houses, or
places to the central or principal station, or vice versa, or from any one of the said
stations, houses, or places, to any other of the said stations, houses, or places in the
same system or circuit without such communications being audible or visible, or
otherwise indicated at any station, house, or place other than that for which it is
intended, nor can any station except the central or principal one interrupt a
message that is being sent between. two other stations, houses, or places.
The principal features of the said apparatus described in the aforesaid Specification
of Patent, No. 408, A.D. 1878, consist, firstly, of a modification of the aforesaid
auto-quinetic system of line wires and blocking, and preparing apparatus connected
therewith; secondly, of apparatus at the central or principal station for controlling
and localizing the communications between the subordinate stations, houses, or
places themselves, and between them and the central station; and, thirdly, of
apparatus at the subordinate stations, houses, or places for effecting the necessary
connections in accordance with the controlling or localizing mechanism at the
station.
The first part of the present Invention consists of certain improvements in the
apparatuses under the second and third heads above named, and in their connection
with the auto-quinetic arrangements referred to under the first head.
In the following description of the nature of the present Invention, for the sake
of brevity and distinction, the central or principal station will be called the
station," and the subordinate stations, bouses, or places connected therewith, the
""
'houses or the "house," as the case may be.
"
"
Any number of these stations with their associated " houses" may be con-
nected together electrically, so as to constitute a series of centres so connected to
one another, that any "house" belonging to one centre can be put into electric
communication with any "house" belonging to another centre.
In the Drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 represents an elevation partly in
diagram of the controlling apparatus placed at the "station;" Figure 2, an
elevation of the apparatus used at each of the "houses;" Figure 3, a plan of part
of the apparatus shown in Figure 2 removed from its case, in order to show more
clearly certain of the parts, and their relation to and connection with one another
station," such as
Figure 4 represents diagramatically a controlling apparatus at a
that shown at Figure 1 connected with four apparatuses marked respectively
No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4, each of which is similar to that illustrated in
2
;

page_text: "
Figures 2 and 3, and supposed to be placed in separate "houses on the line, the
whole diagram showing the positions of the parts, and the electric connections
established when the "house" No. 4 having called to the station has been put in
communication with "house" No. 2; Figure 5 shows a similar set of apparatus,
but with the various parts in their normal positions ready for action. The set of
apparatus shown in Figure 5 may be considered as representing another "station"
and series of "houses" distinct from that shown in Figure 4, but with the two
"stations" shown connected together by the wire M'; Figure 6 shows a part
section of the commutator at the "station."
Similar letters and figures of reference relate to like parts in all the Figures
from 1 to 6 inclusive.
The controlling apparatus at the "station ""(see Figures 1, 4, 5, and 6), consist of
certain arrangements of mechanism, whereby the electro magnets and what is
called the "fecler" in the aforesaid controlling and localizing apparatus shown in
Figures 1, 1ª, 8 and 9 of the Drawings annexed to the said Specification of Patent,
No. 408, A.D. 1878, are dispensed with.
"
A is an insulated metallic ring, secured upon and turning with a central axis A¹;
this ring is divided into a number of equal parts corresponding to the number of:
" houses
with which the "station" is or may be connected, plus one. On the
axis A' of the said ring A and insulated therefrom, is fixed a star wheel B, divided
into as many teeth as there are equal parts and holes in the ring A.
This ring A and its attendant star wheel B are caused to turn at certain times
by means of an ordinary clock work train contained in the case C (or by other
suitable motive power) acting on the axis A', when the tooth or catch D¹ is
liberated from the notches A2 and A³ in the disc A (also fixed on the axis A') by
the depression of the key D against the action of the spring D². The ring A is
pierced at each of its aforesaid equal divisions (except at the zero point, which
may or may not be so pierced), with a hole No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, etcetera, adapted
to receive a metallic plug F, which is sometimes placed therein and sometimes left
were shown in Figure 1. Each of the said holes, corresponds to one of the
"houses" on the line connected to the particular "station." In the Drawings the
ring A is shown with twelve holes, and is therefore adapted for a line with eleven
or a less number of "houses" in the circuit. G and L represent the two line wires
which connect the apparatus under description with the apparatuses at the
'houses," and these latter with one another; H is an attention bell, one end of the
bobbin wire of which goes to the contact spring r, the other end through
terminals to the metallic plate t, which is separated a short distance from the
plate, the plug F serving to complete the electrical connection between the two
at certain times; from the plate u a wire goes to terminal v, thence to one end of
the battery w, the other end of which is connected to earth at E¹.
"
K and K are contact springs so adjusted that when the projection K² on the
spring K is between two adjacent teeth. of the star wheel B the two contact
springs K and K' are separated, but when one of the teeth of the star wheel B
raises the spring K. by the projection K2 the two springs are pressed together so as
to form electrical contact. The spring K is connected by a wire to the contact
maker Y, and the spring K¹ by another wire to the key D. M is a contact spring,
the end of which when the apparatus is in its normal position makes electrical
contact with the contact maker y. 10 is a projection on the contact spring M, so
adapted that when the plug F is placed in one of the holes of the plate A, and has
been brought round by the clock work so as to bear against it, the said
projection 10 stops the further motion of the plate A, and the contact M, y, is
opened. The contact spring M is connected by the wire to the wire connecting
plate u, with terminal v; is a spring so adapted that when the key D is pressed
up and its tooth D₁ engages in one of the notches A2 or A³, the said spring does
not bear against the said key D, but when the said key D is pressed down so as to
liberate the tooth D¹ from the notches A2, A3, it comes in contact with the
spring which is connected electrically with the terminal G³, and thereby with

page_text: the line wire G; 11 is a spring which bears against the ring A and is connected
electrically with the plate t. J and J¹ are two telephones, one for transmitting
the other for receiving messages; J2 is a metallic lever with a hook at one end to
which is suspended the telephone J when the apparatus is in its normal position
ready for action; the weight of the telephone J keeps the other and weighted end
of the lever J2 in contact with the spring r, but when the telephone J is removed
from the hook of the lever for use, the weighted end of the latter falls against the
spring, or other contact maker which is connected electrically with one end of
the bobbin wire of the telephone J; the other end of the bobbin wire of the
telephone J connects with one end of the bobbin wire of the telephone J¹, the other
end of which bobbin wire goes to earth at E. The spring is connected, as before
explained, with the alarm bell H. The axis of the lever J2 is connected electrically
by the wire q to the terminal p, of the commutator l.
The commutator consists of the following arrangements:-k is a terminal to
which line wire L is connected; this terminal k is connected to the metallic plate n;
m is a metallic pin fitting into a hole in plate n, and connected by a metallic
chain o with terminal p; k', n', m³, o', and p', are also another terminal, metallic
plate, metallic pin, metallic chain, and terminal, respectively connecting another
line and telephone wire belonging to another circuit or set of "houses." Any
number of circuits or sets of "houses" may be connected in a similar way. I* and
I are terminals to which are connected the ends of line wires M', M, which
connect the "station" apparatus under description with other two central
"statious," such as D with E and F, for example, in Figure 7; or these wires or
any number of such wires may be arranged to connect any two "stations"
together, such as the stations, Figures 4 and 5, as shewn in those Figures. These
terminals I* and I are furnished with pins 12, 13, and chains I and 1" by which
they may be connected at will with the metallic plate I°; they are also connected
electrically to the spring buttons 17 and Iº. The plate I is connected to one end
of the bobbin wire of the bell I, the other end of which bobbin wire is connected
to the spring button 1³, see also Figure 6. All the contact makers under the
buttons 17, 18, and 1º, are connected by the wire 110 with the wire of battery w, the
other end of which is connected to earth at E', as before explained. Figure 6
shows the connection of the button 18 by its spring with the wire leading to the
bell I, and that when in its normal position it puts the bell I in communication
with earth E by the contact maker 1"; the other spring buttons 17 and I are
similarly arranged, but without contact makers similar to I"; Js and J are tele-
phones connecting the "station," Figure 4, with those at the "station," Figure 5,
by the wire M or M², as the case may be. The telephones J' are hung to hooked
levers J3 (see Figure 6) similar to J2, already. described, so arranged that when the
telephones are hanging to them, the said levers touch the contact springs J14 which
are connected to bell I. When the telephones are removed from their levers, the
weighted ends of the latter fall into contact with springs J7, which are connected
to telephones J³, these with telephones J, and these latter by wire J8 with
plate 16
"
Figure 7 illustrates how various "stations" with their associated districts or
circuits may be connected together, so that any "house" in any district may be put
in communication with any other "house" in any other district. The "station D,
for example, may be supposed to represent the "station" in Figure 4; E, the
station in Figure 5; M', the wire connecting those two "stations;" B, the "house"
corresponding to No. 3 in Figure 4; and C, the "house" corresponding to No. 2 in
Figure 5; m, m, m, in each case representing separate districts or circuits connected
to one "station;" M² and M³, connecting wires similar to M, shown connected to
commutator in Figures 1, 4, and 5.
"
The improved apparatus at the houses" consists of certain arrangements of
mechanism whereby the rotating commutators shown in Figure 2 and the rings
and "feeler" shown in Figures 10 to 14 of the Drawings annexed to the aforesaid
Specification, No. 408, A.D. 1878, are dispensed with. These improved arrange-

page_text: 66
ments are shown in Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings, in which at each
house" is placed an electro-magnet and bobbin N, the armature N' of which
carries a click N2 adapted to move a ratchet wheel R tooth by tooth as the said
armature N is attracted or repelled. This, ratchet wheel R is mounted on and
turns with the axis O, and on the same axis, also turning therewith, is an insulated
disc P carrying a metallic ring P' on its periphery. This disc also carries two
springs QQ, one of which is connected electrically with the metallic ring P',
and the other Q with the axis O. A contact spring i bears against the metallic
ring P¹ and is connected electrically with the part 13 of plate V'. On the same
axis is mounted and turns therewith another disc a of non conducting material,
which is flanged at its periphery, as shown in Figure 3. In this flange there are
formed two notches b, b'. On a second axis S is mounted a metallic lever T with
a cross arm T¹ near its outer end; on the two ends of this cross arm, but insulated
therefrom, are secured two springs Y and Z. These springs pass in between two
sets of segmental contact plates V, V₁, and W, W₁, the opposing edges of which
may be scolloped, as shown, in such manner that when either of the said springs
comes between a pair of projecting scollops of either pair of plates, it completes
electric communication between that pair of plates. There is also fixed on the cross
arm a kind of knife edge U, the side of which that comes next the spring Q¹ is
metallic, and is connected electrically with the lever T; the other side that comes
next the spring Q is of insulating material. The lever T carries a spring hinged
stop X, so arranged that it turns upward to allow the lever T to drop past the
flange of the disc a, and when the lever T. is down the said stop takes under the
flange of the disc, so that the lever T can only be raised when one or other of the two
notches b, b¹, coincides with the stop X on the lever T. The positions of the notch
b in the flange of the disc a is such that when the ratchet wheel R has been moved
one tooth from its normal position, the stop X on the lever T can be passed through
such notch b, but the position of the notch bis dependant upon the relative
position of the "house" in the district with regard to the "station." There is also
fixed in the apparatus at each "house" another knife edge U', which is placed
circumferentially in relation to the disc P according to the position of the "house"
on the line; it is similar to the knife edge U and is placed so as to pass between
the springs QQ, if they revolve far enough to meet it. A hinged spring detent
c with notches or teeth adapted to hold the lever T in its various positions has a
pusher button & projecting through the face of the instrument by which the lever
T can be released by hand when required; the said detent is also actuated
automatically when it is desired to restore all the apparatuses to their normal
position by means of a tooth or tappet e on the disc P, acting on the arm f. The
contact plates V, V, W and W' are arranged as follows, see Figures 4, 5, and 8:-V is
composed of two parts 8 and 12 insulated from each other; the part 8 is connected
to a terminal j, and thence to the part of the line wire L which goes towards the
station; the part 12 is connected to part 14 of plate W, and to the axis O. Vis
composed of two parts, 7 and 13, insulated from each other; the part 7 is connected
to terminal 6, thence through bobbin of telephone J5, to terminals 16-17, thence
through bobbin of telephone Jo to terminal 5, and thence to plate W; W is
composed of three parts, a part 3 connected to earth at E³, a part 14 connected to
part 12 of plate V, as before explained, and a part 15 connected to part 3 of the
same plate, part 14 being insulated from both the parts 3 and 15. W is composed
of a single plate only, connected to the terminal 5, as- before explained. his the
alarm bell at each of the "houses;" one end of its bobbin wire is connected to earth
at E3, the other end with axis S of lever T.

page_text: the contact spring KK¹ separated, the telephone J hanging on the hook of lever J2,
the pin m in hole of plate n, and the lever T supported by the detent c in the
position shown in apparatus marked No. 1 in Figure 4, that is in the position S-21 of
the diagram, Figure 8; and that an operator at, say, "house" No. 4, wishes to be put
into communication with, say, "house" No. 2 on the same line or circuit; the operator
at the "house" No. 4 pushes in button d, which disengages detent c from lever T,
which then falls into position S-20, Figure 8, so that its knife edge U passes in
between springs Q' and Q2 of disc P, and the spring Y on cross arm T¹ of lever T
connects plates 8 and 13; this puts the line wire L to earth at "house" No. 4, and
current passes thus (beginning at No. 4 "house")-E³, g, bell h, axis S, lever T,
knife edge U, spring Q', ring P', spring i, plate 13, spring Y, plate 8, terminal ;,
line wire L, to terminal 18 in No. 3 "house;" thence to axis O, springs Q2, Q1, ring
P¹, spring i, plate 13, spring Y, plate 8, terminal j, line wire L, to terminal 18 in
No. 2 "house;" through No. 2 "house" in the same way as through No. 3, then
through No. 1 in the same way as through No 2, leaving No. 1 "house" by line
wire L, entering terminal k in commutator at station, thence to plate n, pin m,
chain o, terminal p, wire q, axis of lever J₁, spring r, bell H, terminals, plate t,
plug F, plate u, terminal v, battery w, and to earth again at E' at the "station."
The passage of this current rings the bell H at the "station" to draw the attention
of the operator at the "station;" it also rings the bell hat the house No. 4 in
order to indicate to the operator there that the current has been passed through
the apparatus at the "station." When the operator at the "station " hears the
bell Hring, he depresses the key D for a movement so as to make contact with springs,
and to withdraw the tooth or catch D' from the notch A2, thus liberating the clock
work in C, which turns the ring A, disc A' and star wheel B until the catch D¹
takes into the notch A³, and the further revolution is stopped; this partial revolution
causes one of the teeth of the star wheel B to press the contact spring K up against
the spring K¹ for a moment, but long enough to make a good electrical contact. A
current now passes as follows (beginning at the "station"):-Earth at E¹, battery w,
v, x, M, y, K, K', D, z, line wire L, to terminal 1 in No. 1 "house; thence to bobbin N,
terminal 2, starting wire G, to terminal 1 in No. 2 "house;" through bobbin N
in No. 2 "house" to terminal 2; thence by starting wire G to terminal 1 in No. 3
"house;" and so on through all the "houses." on the circuit, until it reaches the
last one, where it goes to earth. When this current passes through the bobbin N
in each of the "houses" it causes the electromagnet contained in it to attract its
armature N¹ (see Fig. 2), and the click Nº passes one tooth of the ratchet wheel R
and causes the disc P to turn a little, the effect of which in "house" No. 4 is to
move the two springs Q1, Q2, clear of the knife edge U, which had separated and
isolated them; this breaks the electric continuity of the line L, and the bells H at
the "station," and h at No. 4 "house" cease to ring. This stoppage of the bell in
house" No. 4 indicates to the operator there that his signal to the "station" has
been heard. The operator at "house" No. 4 can now turn the lever T by the handle
on its axis into the position S-22 (see Figure 8), because the notch b in the flange of
the disc a (see Figure 3) has been brought opposite the stop X so as to allow the
latter to pass through it. A current now passes. in the following manner :-
:-Earth
at E3 in No. 4 "house," plate 3, spring Z on arm T', plate W₁ to terminal 5,
telephone Jo, terminals 17, 16, telephone J, terminal 6, plate 7, spring Y, plate 8,
terminal j, thence by line wire L to terminal 18 "house," No. 3; thence to axis O,
springs Q, Q, ring P1, spring i, plate 13, spring Y, plate 8, terminal j, line wire L, to
terminal 18 at "house" No. 2; thence through "house" No. 2 in the same way to
terminal 18 in "house" No. 1; through "house" No. 1 in the same way, and by
line. wire L to "station," where it enters the commutator at k as before, passes
by m, n, o, p, q, J², r; H, s, t, F, u, v, w, and back to earth at E. This rings the
bell H at the "station" indicating to the operator there that the operator at the
"house" calling has placed his lever T in the position S-22 so as to put his apparatus
in circuit; the vibrations of bell H are heard through the telephone J5 or Jo at
No. 4 "house," which indicates to the operator there that the signal is given to
1

page_text: "
the station. The operator at the "station" now unhooks his telephone J from the
lever J2, and the weighted end of the latter falls into contact with the spring p';
this, disconnects bell H, and puts the line to earth at E2 through the telephone J¹.
The telephones J, J, at the " station" are now in communication by the line wire L
with the telephones J and J at "house" No. 4, without the possibility of any
other "house" on the circuit interrupting the communication. The operator at the
" station
now enquires by the telephone J or J¹, which "house" has called, and
what is required, and having received the answer that No. 4 called, and that he
wishes to be put into communication with "house" No. 2, the operator replaces his
telephone J on its 'hook, reclosing J2 and r, he takes the plug F from between the
plates t and u and places it in the hole, No. 2 of the ring A corresponding to the
number of the "house" he has to call; he then presses down the key D, liberating
the catch D¹ on it from the notch A³. The ring A now continues its rotation in
the direction of the arrow by the action of the clock work in C, and the edge of the
disc A rubs on the catch Di of the key K, keeping the latter in contact with the
spring. Each time a tooth of the star wheel B passes K² it closes the contact
springs K, K, and sends a current into the "starting" wire G in the manner
already described. This current goes through all the "houses "in that circuit,
causing actions of the electromagnets N and corresponding movements of the ratchet
wheels R in all of them, similar to those already described. One current has
already been sent through the "starting" wire G for the purpose of stopping the
bells and h, and each of the ratchet wheels R has been already moved one
tooth, and as the "house" it is now desired to call is the second from the "station," it
it is necessary to send two other currents, or three in all, in order to bring the springs
Q, Q, on the disc P in that "house" to coincide with the fixed knife edge U¹
(shewn in connection with "house" No. 2 of Figure 4, but omitted to avoid confusion
in the other "houses" of Figure 4, and in all the "houses" in Figure 5, being clearly
seen in Figure 2). This fixed knife edge U¹ is placed at an angular distance in front
of the normal position of those springs corresponding to three ratchet wheel teeth.
The position of the plug F in the ring A defines the number of currents sent in the
following manner-When by the partial revolution of the ring A and star
wheel B the two extra currents have been sent, the springs Q', Q2, in "house" No. 2
are brought to the said fixed knife edge U₁, and are separated thereby, and at the
same moment the plug F, which had been put into hole No. 2 of ring A, comes
against the stop 10, and the upper surface of spring M stopping the further revo-
lution of the ring A, and pressing down the spring M, so as to separate contacts M, y.
A current then passes as follows:-Earth at "station" at E¹³, w, v, x, M 10.-
plug F, in hole No. 2, ring A, spring 11, plate t, terminals, bell H, r, J², q, P,
o, n, m, k, line L to terminal j in "house" .No. 1; it then goes by plate 8,
spring Y, plate 13, spring i, ring P 1, springs Q1, Q2, axis O to terminal 18;
thence by line wire L to terminal ; in "house" No. 2, where it goes by 8, Y, 13,
i, P, Q, to the metallic side of the fixed knife edge U₁, by which the two
springs Q1, Q2, have been separated and insulated from each other, and from thence
to earth at E³ through the bell h. This current causes the bells H at the
"station" and h at No. 2 "house" to ring. The attention of the operator at
No. 2 "house" being thus called he moves the lever T in his apparatus by its
handle into the position S-22 (Fig. 8). He is enabled to do this because the
notch bin the flange of disc a (see Fig. 3) has been brought by the three move-
ments of the axis-O opposite the stop X on the lever T. (This cannot be done in
any other "house" at that time, because the notches in them are placed in other
positions in the peripheries of their respective discs a so as not to be opposite the
corresponding stops ✗ on their respective levers T at that time.) The two bells
now cease to ring, because the connection between 8 and 13 is broken. The
operator at the "station" having learnt by this cessation of ringing that "house"
No. 2 is called takes his telephone from its hooked lever, and the operator at
house" No. 2 also takes one of his telephones J5 or Je and asks who called him
communication being at that time established thus:-Earth at E² at "station
"
"
J

page_text: "
"
'
"
33
"
as
J, , J, q, p, o, m, n, k, L, j, in No. 1 "house; " 8, Y, 13, i, P¹, Q¹, Q², O, 18, L,
to j, in No. 2 "house;" 8, Y, 7, 6, J³, 16, 17, J, 5, W1, Z, 3, to earth at E³,
No. 2 house. The operator at "station answers that No. 4 wishes to speak to
him, and he then returns. his telephone J to its position on the hooked lever J²,
which is thereby again brought into contact with spring r. The operator at
house" No. 2 now places his lever Tin position S-23 (Figure 8), and the battery
current is established from E' at "station" through line L and No. 1 "house
before to terminalj, No. 2 "house"; thence by 8, Y, 7, 6, J5, 16, 17, J6, 5, W¹, Z, 14,
12, 0, 18, L, to terminal j in No. 3 "house;" thence by 8, Y, 13, i, P¹, Q1, Q². O,
18, L, to terminal ; in No. 4 "house;" thence by 8, Y, 7 (the lever T having been
already placed in position S-22 (Figure 8), as above explained), 6, J³, 16, 17, Jº, 5,
W, Z, 3, to earth at Es in No. 4 "house." The bell at the "station now rings,
and makes a noise in the telephones of both "houses," No. 2 and No. 4. The
operator at No. 2 thus knows that No. 4 is in communication with him, and he
will then raise his lever T into position S-24 (Figure 8), communication being
thereby established as follows:- Earth at E³, No. 2 "house;" 3, 15, Z, W¹, 5, J6,
17, 16, J5, 6, 7, Y, 12, 0, 18, L, to j, No. 3 "house; " 8, Y, 13, i, P¹, Q1, Q2, 0, 18,
L, to j, in No. 4 "house;" thence to 8, Y, 7, 6, J³, 16, 17, J, 5, W¹, Z, 3, to earth
at Es in No. 4 " house." The telephones J, Jo, in No. 2 "house are thus in
direct communication with the telephones J, J6, in No. 4 "house," and a con-
versation can be carried on between the two without interruption from any of
the other houses," the "station" being also out of the line." When the two
"houses" have finished their conversation, "house" No. 2, that is, the one nearest
the "station," places his lever T in position S-22 (Figure 8), which gives current as
follows: Earth at E³, No. 2 "house," 3, Z, W¹, 5, J6, 17, 16, J³, 6, 7, Y, 8, j, L,
to 18 in No. 1 "house;" thence by O, Q2; Q', P', i, 13, Y, 8, j, L, to l, m, n, o, p,
q, r, H, s, t, 11, A, F, (which has remained in hole 2 of A until now) 10, x, v, w, to
earth at E' at "station." The bell H at "station" now rings, and the operator
there takes out plug F from hole No. 2 in ring A, and the latter finishes its
revolution, during which each of the teeth of the star wheel B will close K, K',
causing currents to pass each time into all the "houses" by the starting wire G,
and the discs P and a will all be returned into their normal positions. The
turning of the discs a in "houses" No. 2 and 4 causes their tappets e (Figure 3) to
push back the detents c, thereby liberating the corresponding levers T, which then
fall into the normal position S-21 (Figure 8), the lowest tooth but one on the
detent c being longer to prevent the lever T from falling into position S-20 till
liberated by the pushing back of the button d by hand. The hinged stops X turn
on their centres to pass the flanges of the discs a when the levers T fall. At the
"station" when the ring A has completed its revolution the catch D' on key D
rises by the action of spring D2 into the first notch A², the key D then breaking
contact with the spring . The operator then replaces plug F between the
plates t and u, and the apparatuses at the "station" and in all the "houses" are
<
restored to their normal conditions.
If instead of it being required to communicate from a "house" further removed
from the "station to one nearer to the "station," as in the case above illustrated,
it be required to communicate from a "house" nearer to the "station" to one
further removed, as, for example, from No. 2 to No. 4, the operation of calling to
the "station," and the putting of the telephones at the station in circuit with
"house" calling, is the same as that above described, but as soon as the station is
so in circuit the operator there tells the operator at No. 2 "house" to place his
lever T in position S-23 (Figure 8), and to wait till he hears a noise in his telephone,
or the operator at the "house" No. 2 will otherwise know that he is to do so as
soon as the circuit is established, when he wishes to communicate to a "house
further removed from the "station "than he is himself. The operator at the
"station" then places the plug F in the hole No. 4 of the ring A, presses down
key D; the ring A revolves till stopped by the plug F coming against stop 10, and
"

page_text: the "house" No. 4 is called in the same way, as already described in reference to
calling No. 2 "house," the bells H at the "station," and at No. 4 "house"
ringing as before. The operator at No. 4 "house" hearing bis bell ring, places his
lever I in position S-22 (Figure 8), thereby stopping the bells. The operator in
No. 2 "house" knows by the stoppage of the noise made in his telephones by the
ringing of these bells that No. 4 has placed his lever in position S-22, and he then
places his own lever T into position S-24, by which communication is established
between the telephones J, Jo, in No. 2 "house," and J5, Jo, in No. 4 "house" as
before. When the operators in these "houses" have finished their communication
all the apparatuses are returned to their normal conditions by operations similar to
those before described.
If the operator at the "station " desires to stop communication between two
"houses "at any time, it is only necessary for him to take out the plug F from the
hole in the ring A, which then completes its revolution, and everything is restored
to its normal condition automatically.
"
When it is desired to communicate from a "house" in one district to a "house
in another district, the operators at the "stations" involved have under their
control the commutators L, Figures 1, 4, and 5, whereby the line wires of the
various districts can be connected at pleasure.
--
33
Suppose, for example, the operator in "house" No. 3 in the district represented
by Figure 4 wishes to be placed in communication with "house" No. 2 in the district
represented by Figure 5, he calls to the "station" by touching button d, as already
described, he is in due course placed in communication with the "station," Figure 4,
and informs the operator there with whom and for how long he wishes to com-
municate. The operator at the "station," Figure 4, then touches the button Is of
commutator 7, and a circuit is closed through the battery, thus:- Earth at E', w,
contact maker 112 (Figure 6), button 1º, bell I, plate 1º, pin I², chain I*, terminal 1*,
to line M, which goes to terminal I* at "station," Figure 5, thence by I*, 12, 1º, I, I³,
to earth at E (see Figure 6), which causes the two bells I, I, at the two "stations
to ring. The operators at the two stations take their respective telephones J³, J4,
from their hooks. The two telephones J³, J, Figure 4, are thus put into communi-
cation with the two telephones J³, J, Figure 5, thus -Earth at E (see Figure 6), at
the "station "Figure 4, 111, 18, 113, Jis, J7, J³, JA, J8, 16, 12, 14, I*, M', to I* (Figure 5),
thence by I, 12, 16, J³, J¹, J³, J³, J¹³ (Figure 6) 113, 1, 111, to earth at E at the
"station," Figure 5. The operator at "station," Figure 4, will now tell operator at
"station," Figure 5, to call "house" No. 2 on his line; the two "station" operators then
replace their telephones on their respective hooks, and operate at " station," Figure 5,
calls "house" No. 2 on his line. When "house" No. 2 has been called, and has
replied, the operators at "stations," Figure 4 and 5, take their respective pins m out
of their plates n, and insert the pins 12 therein, whereby they each cut off com-
munication with their own respective series of "houses," and place the "house,”
No. 3, Figure 4, in communication by wire M¹ with "house" No. 2, Figure 5. When
the prescribed time has elapsed, or the operator at either of the stations desires for
any other reason to interrupt the communication between the two "houses," he
presses down button 17; this sends a current from the battery w into the wire M¹,
which goes to carth at the telephones at the "houses," and produces a noise in
them, which is the signal that the communication is to be broken, and the
apparatus is then to be restored to its normal position.
When the pin 12 is placed. in the plate n, the pin 13 is placed in the plate 18.
There must be ás many plates n and pins m on the commutators as there are
districts in communication with that particular "station," and each direct wire
connecting one "station" with another must have a pin at each end similar to I
or 13, and these pins will be placed in rotation in the plates I as each of the wires
is used in succession.
If desired there may be several line wires so connected with the apparatuses that
any two "houses "may be connected by one of them, any other two by a second,

page_text: another two by a third, and so on, the whole being commanded from the "station
as in the case of one set of wires above described.
Figures 9 and 10 illustrate how this may be accomplished.
"
In Figure 9 G and L represent the starting and signalling wires, and N, j, and 18
respectively bobbins and terminals corresponding to those marked with similar
letters and figures in Figures 4 and 5. 12, 8, 7, 13, 15, 14, 3, and W¹, are contact
plates which may be straight or curved, but similar in other respects to those
shown in Figures 4 and 5, except that the plates 7, 15, and W' are made longer, so
that they will range with the additional plates 25, 26, connected respectively with
the additional signalling wires 27 and 28, which additional plates and wires may
be arranged in any required number, as above stated. It will now be understood
that if the levers T of any two "houses" in the circuit be placed over plates 25, 7,
15, and W, the line 27 will connect those "houses;" if the levers T of any other
two "houses" be placed over 26, 7, 15, and W₁, the line 28 will connect these
latter "houses," and so on, the operator at this "station" giving instructions to the
"houses as to the positions in which their levers T are to be placed. The lever T
is held in either of the new positions by the teeth 29, 30, on the armature 31 of
the signal bell, so that when the operator at the "station wishes to cut off
communication through these wires, he passes a battery current through the
signalling wire L, the electromagnet 32 attracts the armature 31, the levers T are
released, and the apparatuses may be restored to normal positions.
33
It will be understood that any suitable signalling apparatus other than telephones
may be employed with these arrangements, as may be preferred, such as for
example the "Morse," the "needle," the "sounder," or other.
The second part of the present Invention consists of an improved and simplified
arrangement of the mechanism employed in auto-quinetic apparatus adapted for
signalling from a series of "houses" or "stations" to a central "station," as in the
case of fire or thief alarms, or such like.
These improvements, are illustrated in Figures 11 and 12, in which Figure 11
represents the external appearance of the case containing the instrument at the
houses," and Figure 12 the apparatus contained in the said case, but somewhat
diagramatically, in order to shew the action more clearly.
tr
In this arrangement the "starting" and "signalling" line wires and the com-
mutator at the central "station" usually employed in the auto-quinetic system are
retained. In Figure 11 F represents the handle of the lever or arm g, shown in
Figure 12; H and H2 are openings in the case through which the coloured disc H
on the lever or arm g is visible or not, according to whether it is down in its
normal position or raised for calling the "station." C is another opening in the
case through which one or other of the coloured discs D on the plate I become visible
as said plate I is turned round. The continuity of the starting wire G in passing
through the instruments at the "houses" when they are in their normal position is
completed by means of the contact lever or arm and the contact spring u, but
when any one of these levers is turned into the position shown in dotted lines in
Figure 12, that part of the starting wire extending from the central "station " to the
instrument in which the lever or arm g has been moved is put to earth through the
coil A of an electro magnet A¹, thus -Starting wire G (coming from the direction of
the "station" to fulcrum of lever or arm g), arm g, spring K, coil A, to earth at E.
The lever or arm g is suspended in the position shown in dotted lines by the hook
lever f, turning on the centre o; as soon as a battery or other current is allowed to
pass by the commutator at the "station," the electromagnet A¹ attracts its
armature B, and when the said current is cut off by the said commutator the said
armature is drawn back by a spring M or by a weight; the backward movement of
the armature causes the pawl to move a ratchet wheel c one tooth, and thereby
to turn a "star" wheel e, mounted on the same axis d as the plate I, so that one
of its teeth closes the spring contact makers n, m, putting the telephone / or other
signalling instrument at the "house" in circuit by the signalling wire L with the

page_text: telephone at " station," thus-Earth at E, coil A, wire N, telephone h, wire P,
spring m, spring n, signalling wire L to "station." At the same time that the
star wheel e closes spring contact makers n, m, one of the coloured discs D¸on
plate I comes opposite to opening C in case, showing that the telephone or other
signalling instrument his connected to line wire L; at the same time the star
wheel e presses down one end of lever f, liberating lever or arm g, which then falls
into its normal position, restoring the continuity of the starting wire G. There
must be an arrangement at the station whereby a current can be sent into the
signalling wire L, in order to cause the electromagnet A¹ to act upon its armature
again to turn the ratchet wheel c another tooth, so as to return the star wheel e
into the position shewn in Figure 12, whereby the spring contacts n, m, will be
separated, and the coloured disc D on plate I reinoved from opposite opening C.
The proper action of the instrument may be indicated by devices other than the
coloured discs above described: Registering apparatus may also be applied to
indicate the number of times the alarm apparatus has been used. This registering
apparatus may consist of a strip of paper which is moved forward and punctured
or otherwise marked each time the instrument is used.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the manner in
which the same is to or may be carried into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,-
Firstly. The controlling and localizing apparatus at the "station" consisting of
the rotating ring A, star wheel B, key D, and plug F, with the various contact
makers, electric connections, starting and stopping devices, and the telephones J,
and J¹ or other signalling instruments, the whole arranged, constructed, combined,
and operating in connection with the starting and signalling wires G and L,
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 4, and 5, of the
Drawings hereto annexed.
Secondly. The apparatus at each of the "houses" consisting of the ratchet
I wheel R, moved by the electromagnet N, the disc P, with its ring P¹, and
springs QQ, the disc a, with its notches b, and 61, the lever T with its cross arm,
springs Y and Z, knife edge U, and hinged stop. X, the contact plates V, V¹, W,
and W', the fixed knife edge U¹, and the telephones J" and Jo, or other signalling
instruments, the whole arranged, constructed, combined, and operating, in
connection with the starting and signalling wires G and L, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Thirdly. The combination of the apparatus at the "station" with the apparatuses
at the "houses" by means of the starting and signalling wires G and L, comprising
a complete system, whereby any "house" on the line or district can call to the
"station" or be called therefrom, and be put into direct communication with any
other "house on the line or district, as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 4 and 5 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
و"
Fourthly. The commutators at the "stations" with the contact button Is for
calling attention, and with or without one or more interrupting buttons 17, 1º, with
.telephones or other signalling instruments J³ and J, such commutators being
combined together by one or more 'wires M', M², and connected with the attention
bells I, the whole arranged, combined, applied, and operating, as herein before
-described and illustrated in Figures 4, 5, and 6 of the Drawings hereto annexed,
and for the purposes set forth."
"
Fifthly. The arrangement whereby several line or signalling wires may be so
connected with the aforesaid apparatuses at the "houses," that several pairs of
"houses on the same line or district can be placed in direct communication with
each other by separate wires at the same time, as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Sixthly. In auto-quinetic apparatus for signalling an alarm of fire or for other
similar purpose, the employment of the lever or arm g, the eléctromagnet A', hook

page_text: lever f, ratchet wheel c, star wheel e, and telephone or other signalling instrument h,
arranged, combined, and operating in connection with the starting and signalling
wires G and L, as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 11 and 12 of
the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Luis Marie de Bejar y O'Lawlor, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
LOUIS M. DE BEJAR Y O'LAWLOR. (L.S.)
. Patentee.