A Pneumatic Sprayer.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 31st July, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Pneumatic Sprayer.
I, JOHN BLACK, of the City of Nelson, in the Colony of New Zealand, Draper, do
hereby declare, the nature of my invention for a "Pneumatic Sprayer," and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for diffusing upon plants
and trees liquid, either in the form of water or other compounds in liquid form.
With this object I employ a tank or vessel of any convenient shape, in which are
two pipes one of which is connected with an air pump, and through which air is forced
into the tank, and the other is an outlet pipe.connected with a nozzle or spray pipe
for discharging and distributing the contents of the tank or vessel. The tank or
vessel may be of any size and fitted on wheels, or it can be made in the knapsack
form as shown in Figure 5 of drawings herewith, with a yoke or carrier attached.
I also provide an air pump, as shewn in drawing filling screw with safety valve and
escape tube with director and nozzle.
When the tank is filled with water or liquid compound, air is pumped into it, and
forced to the bottom through a tube, from whence it bubbles up through the spraying
liquid, and in doing so acts as an agitator. The pressure of the air forces the liquid
up through the escape tube of the tank, which passes up through and extends a little
beyond the elbow or bent piece of tubing of larger size, screwed into head of union
which secures it to top of tank. The escape tube reaches nearly to the bottom of the
tank, or may touch it on a bevel. Flexible rubber tubes connect these with
corresponding tubes, forming the director, which branches near the nozzle. Taps are
fitted in the branches, and control the flow of liquid and air. Towards the nozzle the
tubes converge; the air tube taking a central position, with the outlet for the liquid
to one side. The nozzle is in two parts, an inner, and an outer or covering. The
inner nozzle covers both outlets, and the outer screwing on to the branches,
securely fastens the inner in its place. A central orifice in the inner nozzle permits
the air to escape, and a circular gutter (corresponding with outlet for liquid) with
perforations, permits the liquid to escape, between the inner nozzle and the covering.
Arriving at the extreme point of the nozzle, air and liquid escape together, the
proportion of each being regulated by the taps to suit the work on hand. By shutting off
the air, a jet can be thrown to some distance before breaking up, and will continue to flow
for a considerable time, without further pumping, with but a slowly diminished force.
By permitting the air to escape, the jet becomes broken up, so that without change of
nozzle anything from a jet to a fine vapour spray may be produced. The cut-off is
instantaneous, and consequently a great convenience and saving. The safety valve is
contained in the head of the filling screw, which is interchangeable with the escape
tubes for right and left hand work. A clamping ring on the pump on being loosened,
permits the lever to swing round for the same purpose.
In order that my invention may be more easily understood, reference is made to
the accompanying drawings in which in Fig 1 (A) is the escape tube for liquid;
(B) the air tube or escape; (C) the rubber tube for air; (D) the rubber tube for liquid;
(E) the nut to tighten nozzle; (F) the nozzle; (G) the inner nozzle; (H) the
regulating taps; (I) the clamping ring; (K) the filling screw and safety valve. Fig. 2

page_text: shews the nozzle; Figs. 3 and 4 the inner nozzle; Fig. 5 shows yoke or carrier with
tank affixed thereto.
In the above illustrations similar letters indicate corresponding parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus substantially as described and specified, comprising a tank or
vessel with an air pump, filling screw with safety valve, escape tube, director and
nozzle, with arrangements for causing liquid under pressure to pass from such tank or
vessel in the form of spray or denser volume, regulated as described.
2. An apparatus substantially as described and specified for the purposes mentioned,
with right and left hand arrangements as described.
3. In an apparatus substantially as described and specified, for the purposes
mentioned, the arrangement of escape and air tubes leading into a nozzle, substantially
as specified.
4. The combination of air pump, filling screw, safety valve, escape tube, director,
nozzle, regulator, clamping ring, central orifice, circular gutter, and other parts,
substantially as described and specified.
5. The yoke or carrier as applied to the tank of a knapsack form, substantially as
described and specified.
Dated this 5th day of November 1896.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.