Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 24th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1895
1, WILHELM POLATSIKH, of Klausenburg, in the Empire of Hungary, Railway
Employé do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
The hoeing and ridging-plough, for plantations, which forms the subject of this
invention, is characterised by an adjustable fitting of the utmost practicable
lightness and simplicity, notwithstanding the considerable number of working parts
possessed by it in view of its accomplishment of perfect work.
The fundamental constructive characteristic of the plough is a central longitudinal
bar or beam to the posterior portion of which the landles or steering-guides aro
fixed.
In front of these latter is pivoted to the bar or beam a jointed frame formed of
two cross-bais joined together on each side of two cranked longitudinal bars, the
pivots pass through the central beam and the middle of the cross-bais.
The cranks or elbows of the longitudinal bais are less pronounced interiorly
than exteriorly, and to each of them is attached, in alternative positions, a hoer or
weeding tool or blade, so that the two hoes or blades which are fixed on the front
and inside parts of the elbows are nearer together than the other two which are
attached to the outward arms in the rear, and, in consequence of this arrangement
the course followed by the slaut-cutting edges of the front boes, is, in part only,
followed or gone over by the rear hoes. At the centre of the crank or elbow, and
on its outer side, is fixed a console or bracket, in which is vertically guided an
upright rod or stem carrying at its lower extremity a rotary disc or 1oller, intended
to cut the soil at the extreme width of the furrow, and whose movement up and
down is elastically controlled by a spring coiled around it, between two cheeks of
the bracket, in case the cutting-disc should encounter a stone.
Behind the jointed frame, two other hoes or weeders are secured on a common
vertical stem, which is inserted in such a manner as to be movable in a suitablo
hollow in the central beam, and their slant cutting edges are turned outwards
contrary to each other to such a distance that their course falls partially within
that of the front pair of hoes situated on the jointed' frame.
These two hoes may be replaced by one or more ridging tools formed of a share
and two fixed divergent vanes or breasts secured to the stem, adjustable in the
central beam.
In front of the jointed frame, the central beam is bent upwards and horizontally
again forwards, containing a slot which recoives, so as to be therein adjustable, a
bar forked at its lower end to receive, on a suitable pin, a guide-wheel; and,
finally, the beam terminates forwards, in the draught-ring to which is harnessed a
single-horse, sufficing for the traction of this improved horse-hoe
If the fuirow to be hoed, between 2 rows of plants, were too narrow for the
machine to be worked with the full width of opening allowed by the jointed
frame, .e. of the hoes aud rotary knives, the frame must be reduced to its minimum
size, or adjusted to the particular width of the furrow under treatment, by a simple
pivoting of the cross-bars, readily effected with the aid of an elbowed link or
connecting-rod secured to the rear cross-bar and jointed at its other end to the
lower extremity of a vertical lever-aim, pivoting vertically on a cross branch or
side-arm of the central beam which is provided with a suitable square toothed

page_text: quadrant or sector determining the position of the hand-lever and consequently the
distance apart of the cutting organs by a small catch and auxiliary handle engaging
with the sector-openings.
>
The working of the plough or house-hoc follows easily from the foregoing
Being adjusted to the width of the furrow to be worked, the cutting discs, while
grinding the plough so to say automatically, skim and break up the surface in
such manner as to prevent the plants or their roots from being dennded of soil,
and the weeding is effected on the whole width by the working of the hoes on each
side one after the other, in such manner that not the smallest particle of the
covering soil can escape being skimmed, owing to the tracks or courses of the
blades overlapping each other.
If it is desired at the same time to ridge the soil by heaping it up against the
plants, the idging implement must be substituted for the two rear hoes, its share
doing the skimming or hoeing work (after the hoes on the adjustable jointed
frame) and the earth being thrown up against the plants by the diverging
breasts.
It will be readily be seen that, with the aid of this improved agricultural implement
a large amount of useful work can be executed within a very short time. and in an
irreproachable manner, by a single man taking in his hands the handles, wherewith
to direct and guide the machine, and with the assistance of a single house, whose
task is a light one, thanks to the easy working of the implement
Dated this 24th day of December 1894.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
-
"
An improved noting and
1, WILHELM POLATSIKH, of Klausenburg, in the Empire of Hungary, Railway
Employe do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The hoeing and ridging-plough, for plantations, which forms the subject of this
invention, is characterised by an adjustable fitting of the utmost practicable
lightness and simplicity, notwithstanding the considerable number of working
parts possessed by it in view of its accomplishment of perfect work.
This new plough is shown on the accompanying drawings, in which,
Fig. 1 shows a side elevation,
Fig. 2 a cross section;
Fig. 3 a plan showing the position of the greatest width of work effected by the
plough,
Fig. 4 the same, with the width of the work reduced to its-minimum ; and
Figs. 5 and 6 show an elevation and plan respectively of an exchangeable
ridger.
The fundamental constructive characteristic of the plough is a central longitudinal
bat or beam B, to the posterior portion of which the handles or steering-guides M
are fixed.
In front of these latter is pivoted to the bar or beam B, a jointed frame formed
of two cross-bars T joined together on each side by two cranked longitudinal
bars L; the pivots p pass through the central beam B and the middle of the cross-
bars T.
1
To each of the cranks or elbows of the longitudinal bars L is attached,' in
alternative positions, a hoer or weeding tool or blade S, so that the two hoes or
blades which are fixed on the front and inside parts of the elbows aro nearer
i

page_text: together than the other two which are attached to the outward arms in the rear,
as shown in Figures 3 and 4, and, in consequence of this arrangement, the course
followed by the slant-cutting edges of the front hoes is only in part, followed or
gone over by the rear hoes. At the centre of each bar L and on its outer side is
fixed a bracket C, in which is vertically guided an upright 1od or stemt carrying
at its lower extremity a rotary disc or roller D, intended to cut the soil at the
extreme width of the furiow, and whose movement up and down is elastically
controlled by a spring coiled around it between two cheeks of the bracket, in
case the cutting-disc D should encounter a stone.
Behind the jointed frame, two other hoes or weeders S₁ are secured on a common
vertical stem B', which is inserted (in such a manner as to be movable) in a suitable
hollow in the central beam B. and their slant-cutting edges are turned outwards,
contrary to each other to such a distance that their course falls partially within
that of the front pair of hoes S situated on the jointed frame.
These two hoes S₁ may be replaced by one or more ridging tools (Figures 5
and 6) formed of a special share O and two fixed divergent vanes or breasts V V¹
secured to the stem B3, adjustable in the central beam B.
In front of the jointed frame, the central boam B is bent upwards and
horizontally again forwards, and coutaius a slot which receives, an adjustable bar F,
forked at its lower end to receive, on a suitable pin, a guide-wheel K; and, finally,
the beam terminates, forwards, in the draught-ring A, to which is harnessed a
Bingle horse, sufficing for the traction of this improved horse-hoe.
If the furrow to be hoed, between two rows of plants, wore too narrow for the
machine to be worked with the full width of opening allowed by the jointed
frame, .e. of the hoes S and rotary knives D, the frame must be reduced to its
minimum size, or adjusted to the particular width of the furrow under treatment,
by a simple pivoting of the cross-bars T, readily effected with the aid of an
elbowed link or connecting-rod H secured to the rear cross-bar and jointed at its
other end to the lower extremity of a vertical lever-arm N, pivoting vertically on
a cross branch or side-arm K of the central beam B, which is provided with a
suitable square-toothed quadrant or sector Q determining the position of the band-
lever N and consequently the distance apart of the cutting orgaus S and D by a
small catch and auxiliary handle I engaging with the sector-openings
The working of the plough or horse-hoe follows casily from the foregoing.
Being adjusted to the width of the furrow to be worked, the cutting-discs D,
while guiding the plough so to say automatically between two rows of plants will
skim and break up the surface in such manner as to prevent the plauts or their
roots from being denuded of soil and the weeding 18 effected on the whole width
by the working of the hoes on each side one after the other, in such manner that
not the smallest particle of the covering soil can escape being skimmed, owing to
the tracks or courses of the blades overlapping each other.
If it is desired to 1idge the soil by heaping it up against the plants, the ridging
implement OV must be substituted, for the two rear hoes S', its share O doing
the skimming or hoeing work (after the hoes on the adjustable jointed frame) and
the earth being thrown up against the plants by the diverging breasts, V VI.
It will readily be seen that, with the aid of this improved agricultural implement
a large amount of useful work can be executed within a very short time, and in an
irreproachable manner, by a single man taking in his hands the liandles M,
wherewith to direct and guide the machine, and with the assistance of a single
horse, whose task is a light one, thanks to the easy working of the implement.
As the maximum width of the machine when used for tobacco cultivation 1B
practically fixed I find it convenient to arrange in combination with the lover N
a fixed stop to enable it to be rapidly set with accuracy to put the tools S at the
desired distance apart.
▲ convenient mode of doing this would be to pivot the lever N in between the
two handles M of the plough so as to make the cross-stay M' between these
handles serve as the stop.

page_text: I am aware that ploughs have been employed wherein the ploughshares or blades
have been adjustable by unfixing and re-fixing them in more or less troublesome
and inconvenient fashions, as for instance by unscrewing bolts which have to be
taken out, re-inserted and screwed up again, but I am not aware that any plough
has been constructed in the manner hereinbefore exemplified, that is to say, in a
manner to permit of the ready adjustment, in a moment, of mechanism operatively
connected with a series of blades or ploughing tools.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same 18 to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. A hoeing and ridging plough characterised by a fundamental construction
founded on the combination of a central beam or bar and a single jointed frame,
carrying all the organs or working parts for the use and guidance of the
implement.
2. In a hoeing and ridging plough such as described in Claim 1 the combination
with the central beam carrying in its rear portion the median hoes or ridgers and
on its forward portion the organs of traction of a jointed fiame cousisting of two
cross-bars and two longitudinal-pieces.
3. In a plough such as described the employment of a rotary cutter or cutting
disc such as D whereby the disturbance of the rout soil of the plants in the ridges
is avoided.
4. In a hocing and ridging-plough such as described in Claims 1 and 2 in
combination with the link frame two vertical spring-controlled kuife-discs cutting
exactly the width of the furrow and preventing the loosening of the soil too close
to the adjacent plants or their roots.
5. In a hocing and ridging-plough such as above described the combination
of a frame or linkwork and menus for adjusting and fixing it in any desired
position.
6. The combination with a plough such as described capable of various adjust-
ments of a fixed stop so arranged that when the adjustable portion of the plough
is arrested thereby the operative portions are correctly set for a particular
requirement.
7. A plough so constructed and arranged that while capable of adjustment and
use for various ridging and hoeing purposes it can by a single movement of the
controlling lever or equivalent be set to the proper width and adjustment for
ridging tobacco plants.
8. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting a complete hoeing
and ridging plough substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 24th day of September 1895.
WILHELM POLATSIKH.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.