Improvements in Nailing or Slugging Machines for Shoes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd July, 1894-Accepted, 4th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nailing or Slugging Machines for Shoes.
I WILLIAM HENRY DORMAN, of The Hawthorns, Newport Road, Stafford, in
the County of Stafford, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My improvements are applicable to machiues for which Letters Patent have been
granted to G. F. Redfern for "Improvements in boot-nailing machines, No. 21936"
A.D. 1891.
In a machine constructed according to my present invention a continuous wire is
used from which the nails or slugs, to be driven into the shoe, are cut off.
The machine is provided with a base and pillar supporting a head frame in
which is carried the driving shaft to which motion communicated by means of a
pulley and friction cones which are actuated by means of a wedge movement
controlled by a cam so that the machine is caused to stop always in one position.
Mechanism is provided by which the wedge movement can easily be thrown out of
action when it is desired to turn the machine by hand.
The wedge movement is actuated by means of a treadle which also controls a
friction brake used to cause the machine to stop promptly.
The driving shaft is provided with cams by one of which is actuated a horizontal
slide upon which is carried a vertical slide to the lower end of which the awl
holder is attached.
The awl holder is made adjustable so that the position of the awl can be
adjusted to that of the driver.
The vertical awl holder slide is moved up and down by means of a cam so as to
cause the awl to enter the work.
The work is fed forward by the awl by means of the movement of the horizontal
slide and the amount of feed is regulated by a screw adjustment.
The nail driver is cramped fast in a vertical driver bar which slides up and
down in the horizontal slide.
The driver bar is lifted by a cam on the main shaft and driven down by means
of a lever actuated by a coiled spring.
The force of the spring is regulated by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl.
Adjusting nuts with leather washers regulate the distance to which the driver is
allowed to descend.
The work is placed upon a horn or a stump mounted on a vertical post and
carried upon a spring.
The post slides vertically in bearings and is held up by a spring and adjusting
collar. The lower bearing is formed with trunnions and the upper bearing made
moveable so as to allow the horn to be inclined outwards to facilitate putting on
and taking off the work. A clamp is provided and an adjustable stop for
regulating the position of the horn.
The work when in the machine is compressed between the horn and the
underplate, carried by the head of the machine, and in order to feed the work
forward it needs to be relieved of this pressure: for this purpose the horn is
depressed, during the feeding of the work, by means of a cam and lever
connections and a rack and pawl arrangement, all so contrived that the depression
of the horn is constant although the thickness of the work may vary. A treadle
is provided for depressing the horn at will.
The coil of wire is carried on a tension wheel so constructed that the coil can be
easily put on.

page_text: The wire is fed in by feed rolls, geared together when necessary and actuated
by a ratchet and pawls worked from a cam on the shaft. A spring, exercising an
adjustable pressure, presses the rolls against the wire.
The length of wire fed down is regulated by a cam adjusted by a handle and
spring catch and is indicated on a dial.
The slug or nail is cut off the wire, after it is fed down into the throat or nose
piece, by two cutters one of which is fixed to the horizontal slide and the other is
carried on a slide moving horizontally in the horizontal slide and actuated by a
lever also carried on the horizontal slide-one end of which takes upon a wedge
sliding on the machine frame and actuated by a cam. The other end of the lever
takes on the cutter slide. The movement of the horizontal slide is utilized to cut
off the wire, the purpose of the wedge being to allow of the return of the cutter
after the wire is cut off.
One of the cutters has a flat edge and the other a sharp edge so that the cutting
is done all from one side.
The nose piece is fixed just beneath the cutters, the wire being fed down into it
before it is cut off. The nail driver enters the nose piece and drives the nail or
slug out into the work and the nose-piece is made long enough to reach through
the slot in the under plate almost to the surface of the work.
Between the nose-piece and the wire feed rolls a swinging race is provided
through which the wire is fed down. It is actuated by suitable mechanism so
timed as to place the wire immediately over the nose-piece in order to its being
fed down into it, and after the wire nail-or slug-is cut off the race and wire
are withdrawn so as to allow the nail driver to descend.
An underplate to press upon the work and an adjustable gauge to regulate the
distance of the nailing from the edge are provided.
In order to enable the nails to be driven as close as possible together the
horizontal slide has a subsidiary movement so arranged as to permit this to be
accomplished notwithstanding the distance apart of the awl and the nose piece
necessitated by the requisite thickness of material.
Dated this 30th day of September 1893.
W. H. DORMAN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nailing or Slugging Machines for Shoes.
I WILLIAM HENRY DORMAN, of The Hawthorns, Newport Road, Stafford, in
the County of Stafford Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
My improvements are applicable to machines for which Letters Patent have
been granted to G. F. Redfern for " 'Improvements in boot-nailing machines
No. 21936 A.D. 1891, and may be combined with machines for which Letters
Patent have been granted to me for "Improvements in boot nailing, screwing and
pegging and like machines," No. 13678, A.D. 1893.
In a machine constructed according to my present invention a continuous wire is
used from which the nails or slugs, to be driven into the shoe, are cut off.
The machine is provided with a base and pillar supporting a head frame in which
is carried the driving shaft to which motion is communicated by means of a pulley
and friction cones which are actuated by means of a wedge movement controlled
by a cam so that the machine is caused to stop always in one position. Mechanism
is provided by which the wedge movement can easily be thrown out of action when
it is desired to turn the machine by hand.
The wedge movement is actuated by means of a treadle which also controls a
friction brake used to cause the machine to stop promptly.

page_text: The driving shaft is provided with cams by one of which is actuated a horizontal
Blide upon which is carried a vertical slide, to the lower end of which the awl
holder is attached.
The awl holder is made adjustable so that the position of the awl can be adjusted
to that of the driver.
The vertical awl holder slide is moved up and down by means of a cam so as to
cause the awl to enter the work.
The work is fed forward by the awl by means of the movement of the horizontal
slide and the amount of feed is regulated by a screw adjustment.
The nail driver is cramped fast in a vertical driver bar which slides up and
down in the horizontal slide.
The driver bar is lifted by a cam on the main shaft, and driven down by means
of a lever actuated by a coiled spring.
The force of the spring is regulated by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl.
Adjusting nuts with leather washers regulate the distance to which the driver is
allowed to descend.
The work is placed upon a horn or a stump mounted on a vertical post and
carried upon a spring.
The post slides vertically in bearings, and is held up by a spring and adjusting
collar. The lower bearing is formed with trunnions, and the upper bearing made
moveable so as to allow the horn to be inclined outwards to facilitate putting on
and taking off the work. A clamp is provided and an adjustable stop for regulating
the position of the horn.
The work when in the machine is compressed between the horn and the under-
plate, carried by the head of the machine, and in order to feed the work forward,
it needs to be relieved of this pressure: for this purpose the horn is depressed,
during the feeding of the work, by means of a cam and lever connections and a
rack and pawl arrangement, all so contrived that the depression of the horn is
constant although the thickness of the work may vary. A treadle is provided for
depressing the horn at will.
The coil of wire is carried on a tension reel so constructed that the coil can be
easily put on.
The wire is fed by feed rolls, geared together when necessary and actuated by a
ratchet and pawls worked from a cam on the shaft. A spring, exercising an
adjustable pressure, presses the rolls against the wire.
The length of wire fed down is regulated by a cam adjusted by a handle and
spring catch and is indicated on a dial.
The slug or nail is cut off the wire, after it is fed down into the throat or nose
piere, by two cutters one of which is fixed to the horizontal slide and the other is
carried on a slide moving horizontally in the horizontal slide and actuated by a
lever also carried on the horizontal slide-one end of which takes upon a wedge
The other end of the lever
sliding on the machine frame and actuated by a cam.
takes on the cutter slide. The movement of the horizontal slide is utilized to cut
off the wire, the purpose of the wedge being to allow of the return of the cutter
after the wire is cut off.
One of the cutters has a flat edge and the other a sharp edge so that the cutting
is done all from one side.
The nose piece is fixed just beneath the cutters, the wire being fed down into it
before it is cut off. The nail driver enters the nose piece and drives the nail or
slug out into the work and the nose piece is made long enough to reach through
the slot in the underplate almost to the surface of the work.
Between the nose-piece and the wire feed rolls a swinging race is provided
through which the wire is fed down. It is actuated by suitable mechanisin 80
timed as to place the wire immediately over the nose-piece in order to its being fed
down into it, and after the wire nail or slug is cut off the race and wire are
withdrawn so as to allow the nail driver to descend.

page_text: °
An underplate to press upon the work and an adjustable gauge to regulate the
distance of the nailing from the edge is provided.
In order to enable the nails to be driven as close as possible together the
horizontal slide has a subsidiary movement so arranged as to permit this to be
accomplished notwithstanding the distance apart of the awl and the nose piece
necessitated by the requisite thickness of material.
My invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which,
Fig. 1 is a right hand side view of the machine.
Fig. 2 is a front view.
Fig. 3 is a left hand side view.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged horizontal section of the head on the line G. H.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged front view of the head.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section of the front part of the head.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged rear view of the wire feeding arrangement.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional plan of the same.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged front view of the head partly in section.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged horizontal section of the same.
Figs. 11 and 12 are enlarged views of the starting wedge.
Figs. 13 and 14 are enlarged views of the feed cam and spring.
Fig. 15 is an enlarged view shewing the driver when raised.
Figs. 16 to 21 are enlarged views of the cutters.
A (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) is the base B the pillar and C the head frame of the
machine. D is the driving shaft which is carried in the bearings E. F. and driven
in the same manner as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
C. F. Gardner numbered 2591 and dated A.D. 1885, and a brake is provided
similar to that described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me
numbered 19313 and dated A.D. 1890.
So that the machine when stopped shall always come to rest in one and the
same place an arrangement is made for holding the wedge a (see Figs. 4, 11 and 12)
in gear until the machine has revolved to the desired stopping position thus :-
Upon the wedge a. is mounted a roll a' which engages a circular groove a
formed in the disc a mounted on the driving shaft D. At one part of this groove
a recess a is formed and it is only when this recess is opposite the roll a' that the
wedge a can be released from engagement. The machine therefore having been
started sufficiently for the circular part of the groove a² to engage the roll a' will
always complete its revolution and will only stop when the recess at is opposite the
roll a' notwithstanding that the foot of the operator may have been previously
removed from the starting treadle a'. Of course if the operator retain his foot
upon the treadle a' the machine will continue to run.
As it is sometimes necessary to turn the machine by hand without the inconve-
nience of shifting the driving belt I improve the construction of the wedge a
aforesaid and make it so that it can easily be rendered inoperative in the following
manner :-
Instead of mounting the roll a' directly upon the wedge a I mount it upon a
block upon which the wedge a is capable of being adjusted vertically by means of a
handle and shaft 2 which is carried in a bearing & formed on the wedge a, and
has a crank or eccentric end 64 which operates a die & so as to move the wedge a
upon the block b. To prevent the shaft b from moving cut of the position in which
it may be set the bearing 63 is split and is provided with a cramping screw 6. If
the handle b¹ be turned so as to place the wedge a in its lowest position the
machine may be turned by hand without bringing the wedge a into operation as
although the roll a' will be raised by the inclined side a of the recess at the
wedge a is now set so low as not to force the cone surfaces a' and a³ into
engagement.
will now proceed to describe other improvements which I make in the
construction of the machine :-
The awl c (Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 9) is held by a clamp c' and screw c² fast to an awl

page_text: holder c³ which is clamped by a screw c² to an awl slide co. The holder c³ is capable
of adjustment, so that the position of the awl c may be accurately set, by means of
set screws and c7 (Fig. 5) and a slotted hole is provided for the screw c'. The
awl cam c (Figs. 6 and 10) is secured upon the front end of the driving shaft D
by means of a screw co and feather c". It operates the awl slide c³ up and down
in a vertical direction by engaging a roll c" which is mounted on the slide c³. The
cover plate retains the slide c³ in place and is provided with a slotted hole c¹4
through which the cam roll e" and stud c¹ project.
The feed movement of the awl c which feeds forward the work is derived by
imparting a to and fro horizontal movement to a feed slide d which carries the
awl slide and upon which the cover plate c¹³ is secured by screws c. The feed
cam dis mounted upon the driving shaft D and acts upon a roll d' which is
mounted in the slide d, the contour of the cam d₁ being such as to impart the
desired movement to the slide d. The contact of the roll d² with the cam dis
ensured by providing a spring d' one end of which bears upon a block d' carried on
the slide d and the other end upon nuts d³ on a stud do secured in the frame C.
The feed movement is regulated in amount by means of a set screw d7 (Figs. 13
and 14) carried in the block d. It will be observed that the feeding movement of
the work is to the left (see Fig. 2) and is performed by the spring & and the return
movement of the awl is to the right and is performed by the cam d².
The throat e (Figs. 5, 6, 9, and 15) is secured by a screw e¹ to its carrier e³ which
is mounted in an adjustable manner upon the feed slide d and secured by a
cramping screw e
The wire is fed down into the throat e by means of feed rolls f' f' through a
race the lower portion of which is hinged on a pin f³ and operated as will
be hereinafter explained.
The wire feed roll f' is mounted on a shaft f (Figs. 7 and 8) which is carried
in a bearing f' provided on the slide d and has at its rear end a ratchet wheel f³,
operated by pawls ƒ ƒ ƒ" and a lever 12 in combination with another lever f
by means of a cam f mounted on the driving shaft D and engaging a cam roll f1
in the lever f". The roll f1 is kept in contact with the cam f by a spring f" and
the lever is mounted upon a pivot in the slide d.. The connection between
the levers and f" being maintained by a die f18 mounted on a pin f" in the
lever f and engaging a slot 20 provided in the lever f¹³.
To ensure that the feed rolls f¹f shall grip the wire fa spring f" is provided
upon a stem 2 which stem carries the roll. This spring is carried in a box f 23
upon the slide d and is capable of being set up by means of a thumb screw f".
The wire is cut off at the proper times into nails by means of cutters g g¹ placed
one on either side and immediately above the throat e which then retains the cut off
nail g² (Fig. 15). The cutter g is held by a clamp g³ (Fig. 5) and a screw g* fast
to the slide d and the cutter g' is held by another clamp g' and screws g g' fast to a
cutting off slide 8 which is mounted in the slide d. and operated horizontally by a
cutting off lever 9. The cutting off of the wire is effected by the feed cam d'in
the return feeding movement i.e. the movement to the right (see Figs. 2, 4, 5,
9 and 10) of the feed slide d in the following manner :-The lever g (Fig. 4) is
mounted on a pivot 910 carried in the feed slide d. Its forward end 9" takes upon
the end of the slide 98 and its rear end g¹ as the lever is borne to the right along
with the slide d, comes into contact with a wedge or fulcrum g¹³ hereinafter further
referred to, which at the time of cutting off is moved by the machine into the
requisite position, so as to arrest the end g¹. The pivot go however still moving
onward with the slide d causes the forward end g of the lever g° to move at an
increased rate (according as the lever is proportioned) pressing forward the
slide and severing the wire between the cutters g and g¹ (see Fig. 15). The
cut off slide 8 is returned by a spring ".
It is necessary that the cutter g' should be moved away from over the throat e while
the feed slide d remains over to the right as in this position of the slide d the driver h

page_text: and nail g (see Fig. 15) are over the hole pierced by the awl in the work. For this
purpose of moving the cutter g' a cam i (Fig. 4) is mounted on the driving shaft D
which engages a roll on the lever i which is mounted on a pivot in the frame C
and provided at its free end with another roll . The roll engages a slide
which is mounted in the frame C and carries the wedge or fulcrum g" previously
mentioned. As soon as the cutting off of the wire has been accomplished the
cami withdraws this wedge g13 so as to free the lever o and the spring 9" returns
the cutter g¹ out of the way of the driver h.
The above described cutters are of a special shape as shewn in Figs. 16 to 21.
The one g on the right is cramped fast and does not move relatively to the throat e.
It has not a sharp cutting edge but is ground so as to present a surface g¹³ instead
-of an edge to the wire f. This surface g is in the plan (Fig. 16) at right angles to
the sides g1 and 9" of the cutter but is not at right angles in the elevation
(Fig. 17) to the base 18 of the cutter but is slightly more forward at its upper
-edge g than at its lower edge 950.
The other cutter g' moves to and fro relatively to the throat e and has a sharp
cutting edge (Fig. 19) ground slightly rounding above and below so as
to give the edge stiffness and the edge g" is square to the sides 92 923 in plan
(Fig. 20).
The cutters g and glare set in the machine with the cutting edge g" of the
-cutter g either level or just perceptibly above the upper edge of the
cutter and the edges 921 and g₁ should not quite come together in working
(Figs. 17 and 19).
The object of grinding and shaping these cutters as herein described and
illustrated is that the wire shall be cut off square across so as to present an even
level surface when driven into the work.
The wire is moved inwards over the throat e so that it may be fed down into the
same, and outwards away from the throat. after the feeding and cutting off
movements have been accomplished and so make room for the driver to descend in
the following manner :-
The portion of the race, which as has been previously stated, is hinged, is
connected by a rodj (Fig. 5) and an eye j¹ to the slide 98 so that it partakes of the
:movement of the slide and carries the wire f forward over the throat e previously to
the feeding down of the wire and withdraws the wire f from over the throat e as
soon as the nail g² is cut off.
The cutting off part of the movement of the cutter g' is made after the wire f
has been fed down into the throat e. A spring is therefore provided which yields
when the wire f comes in contact with the cutter g and allows the other cutter g' to
complete its movement and cut off the wire. When the wire f is thin it is liable to
be bent by the pressure of the spring, a stop j³ is therefore provided to relieve the
wire of this pressure. A guide is also provided to enter the wire above the feed
rolls f¹ and f¹.
It may be as well at this point, to more particularly describe the cam d', and for
this purpose a front view of the cam with an arrow to shew its direction of
revolution is given in Fig. 13. The cam d'acts both as a feed cam to feed forward
the work and as a cut off cam to sever the nail or slug g from the wire f. It also
has provision for allowing of close nailing or slugging to he performed, that is of
driving nails or slugs so close together that they almost or quite touch one
.another.
The cam acts as has been already stated upon the roll d which is mounted in the
slide d and this roll is kept up to the cam by the spring d³ (Fig. 14) acting on the
slide d. The incline or rise of the cam therefore from do to d" acts against
the spring and moves the slide d to the right so as to cut off the wire f and also
brings the driver h, throat e and nail g' over the holes pierced by the awl in the
work while the declines or falls in the cam allow the spring d³ to move the slide d
to the left and effect the one d¼ to d the feeding of the work and the
-other d¹ to dis allows of the close slugging.

page_text: The awl c pierces the work at the time when the circular portion or rest ¹³ to dis
engages the roll d after which the decline d to d allows the feed to take place..
The awl c rises and the wire is fed down while the rest d to do engages the
roll d and the incline do to then effects the cutting off of the wire, the return
of the feed, and also brings the driver h, the throat e and the cut off nail g³ over the:
hole in the work just vacated by the risen awl.
It will be observed that the radius of the circular part or rest d" to d¹² where
the driver is over the hole in the work and drives the nail is greater than the
radius of the circular part or rest d³ to d" where the awl c pierces the work and.
this difference or decline ¹ to d¹³ is to allow the awl c to move in (or to the left),
after the nail is driven and pierce the work for the next nail closer to the last
driven nail than the necessary thickness of the metal e¹ of the throat e betwee i the
awl c and the driver h would otherwise allow even when the awl c is set as closely
as possible to the driver h.
The awl requires to be set by means of the screw to suit the different.
spacings of the nails or amounts of feed given to the work by the adjusting of the
feed screw and when any but the longest feed is employed the feed movement is.
arrested by the end of the screw d striking the frame C without allowing the roll**
to touch the circular rest 1 to d10 of the cam d¹.
So that the length of the nail cut off may be instantly varied and to great nicety,.
the following arrangement is made:-
10
The lever previously referred to, is provided with an arm k (Fig. 7.) which
on the return movement of the pawls ƒ ƒ ƒ" (Fig. 8) takes against a cam k¹
which has an increasing radius of curvature or volute contour and accordingly as
this cam is set so as to present a less or greater radius to the arm k so will the
return movement of the arm and of the pawls ff10 f1 be increased or decreased
and consequently the amount of feed given to the wire varied. A handle k³ serves.
to set the cam k and notches k³ are provided in the edge of a dial k which engage
a catch pressed forward by a spring k so as to retain the handle ** in any
position in which it may be placed.
The nail is driven and the spool or reel of wire supplied to the machine in a
similar manner to that described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to-
G. F. Redfern numbered 21936 and dated A.D. 1891 only that the nail driver
lifter (see Fig. 13) has a long rest or circular portion h2 which holds up the
driver / in its highest position for a longer period to suit the variations in the
construction of the present machine.
The guard and the edge gauge for regulating the distance in of the nails from.
the edge of the sole is also similar to that described in aforesaid Specification
No. 21936 A.D. 1891.
The work support or horn which carries the boot may be of the same construc-.
tion and the method of operating the same as that described in the already
mentioned Specification No. 21936 A.D. 1891 or the construction and method of
operating may be similar to that described in the Specification of Letters Patent.
granted to me numbered 13678 and dated A.D. 1893 being therein illustrated in
Figs. 1 and 2.
The method of drawing down the horn or work support while the feed movement
is taking place is also described in Specification No. 2591, A.D. 1885 previously
referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In a nailing machine,
1. The combination of the
eccentric 64, die and screw 6
roll a', groove a², block b, handle b¹, shaft b³,
with the wedge a for the purpose specified.
· So constructing the cut off mechanism that the returning
movement of the

page_text: 3. The use in a cut off mechanism of a lever of the third order, in which one end
actuates the cut off tool and the other takes against a stop or fulcrum.
4. The use in a cut off mechanism of a lever one end of which takes on a
moveable fulcrum so made and actuated that an extra movement is imparted to the
cut off lever and the wire race in order to make room for the driver to descend in
the manner described.
5. A feed mechanism so constructed that, after the nail is driven the driver
throat is moved forward in the direction of the feed of the work so as to permit the
awl to space the slugs very near to each other, the thickness of the throat
notwithstanding, substantially as described.
6. The use in a wire feeding mechanism of the arm k, cam k', handle,
notches, dial **, catch and spring ke as described and for the purpose
specified.
7. Forming the lower portion of the race down which the wire travels with a
joint or hinge as and for the purpose described.
8. Forming the cutters g and g' in the manner and for the purpose specified.
9. The improved machine consisting of the parts constructed and combined as
described with reference to the drawings and operating as and for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 30th day of Tuna 1001