A New or Improved Manufacture of Paper for the Copying Books of Manifold Writers for Making Tracings and for other like purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: •
Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 10th Dec., 1882'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Manufacture of Paper for the Copying Books
of Manifold Writers for Making Tracings and for other like
purposes.
I, FREDERICK THOMAS JEFFERSON of the firm of Kenrick and Jefferson, of
High Street, West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Printers, Publishers and
Stationers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—'
"
The copying paper employed in the manifold writers as ordinarily prepared has
several defects which it is the object of my invention to remedy. The said ordinary
copying paper is made semi-transparent by means of oil. This oil slowly becomes
rancid giving to the paper an offensive odour and the paper becoming darkened by
this change in the oil the legibility of the writing on the said paper is impaired.
Further the said paper owing to its thinness and weakness is frequently torn by the
steel or agate style used in writing especially when more than ordinary pressure is
applied as in making simultaneously several copies.
All the defects enumerated are remedied by my invention which consists in
preparing paper for the copying books of manifold writers and for other purposes
such for example as tracing writings and drawings and the like...
In making copying paper according to my invention I take the paper known in
commerce as vegetable parchment and I subject it to great pressure by rolling it
several times between polished (preferably steel) heated cylindrical rolls. By this
treatment it is compressed and hardened and its surface is made smooth. Its
transparency in consequence of its reduced thickness is increased and from the
smoothness and hardness of its surface the style used in writing passes freely over
it under a pressure which would tear ordinary copying paper. It. is hence excel-
lently fitted for obtaining simultaneously several copies of letters, writings, drawings
and the like.
The writings, drawings and the like, made on paper manufactured according:.to
my invention are exceedingly legible and distinct and owing to the unchangeability
of the paper they are unaffected by time and retain unimpaired the freshness which
they had at the moment of their production.
The inks ordinarily employed in. ruling, paging and otherwise printing upon
copying books do not readily attach themselves to paper made according to my
invention or where they do they injuriously affect the paper by disturbing the perfect
flatness which is one of its peculiar and most advantageous properties; and in ruling
and printing upon copying paper made according to my invention I employ inks.in
which the ordinary vehicles are not employed and instead of them I mix the carbon
or other pigment with methylated spirit of wine or other volatile liquid which
rapidly evaporating causes the ink to dry quickly and without disturbing the
smoothness and flatness of the paper.
Dated the 17th day of February 1892.
3178

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Manufacture of Paper for the Copying Books
of Manifold Writers for Making Tracings and for other like
purposes.
I FREDERICK THOMAS JEFFERSON, of the firm of Kenrick and Jefferson, of
High Street West Bromwich in the County of Stafford Printers, Publishers and
Stationers, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
The copying paper employed in the manifold writers as.ordinarily prepared has
several defects which it is the object of my invention to remedy.
The said ordinary copying paper is made semi-transparent by means of oil. This
oil slowly becomes rancid giving to the paper an offensive odour and the paper
becoming darkened by this change in the oil the legibility of the writing on the
said paper is impaired. Further, the said paper owing to its thinness and
weakness is frequently torn by the steel or agate style used in writing especially
when more than ordinary pressure is applied as in making simultaneously several
copies.
All the defects enumerated are remedied by my invention which consists in
preparing paper for the copying books of manifold writers and for other purposes,
such for example as tracing writings and drawings and the like.
In making copying paper according to my invention I take paper known in
commerce as vegetable parchment and I subject it to great pressure by rolling it
several times between polished (preferably steel) heated cylindrical rolls. By this
* treatment it is compressed reduced in thickness and hardened and its surface is made
smooth. Its transparency in consequence of its reduced thickness is increased and
⚫ from the smoothness and hardness of its surface the style used in writing passes freely
over it under a pressure which would tear ordinary copying paper. It is hence
excellently fitted for obtaining simultaneously several copies of letters writings,
drawings and the like.
The writings, drawings and the like made on paper manufactured according to
my invention are exceedingly legible and distinct and owing to the unchangeability
of the paper they are unaffected by time and retain unimpaired the freshness which
they had at the time of their production.
Although I prefer to employ hollow steel rolls heated with hot water for rolling
the vegetable parchment yet ordinary solid steel rolls used cold have nearly the
same effect.
After the treatment described of the vegetable parchment by the heated or cold
steel rolls, the rolled paper may be further improved and its surface maintained by
passing it between rotating cylindrical rolls of wood or other material covered with
felt and fed with French chalk. The further treatment described increases the
smoothness of the paper and renders it still easier for the style to pass over it.
The inks ordinarily employed in ruling, paging and otherwise printing upon
copying books do not readily attach themselves to paper made according to my
invention or where they do they injuriously affect the paper by disturbing the perfect
flatness which is one of its peculiar and most advantageous properties; and in ruling
and printing upon copying paper made according to my invention I employ inks in
which the ordinary vehicles are not employed and instead of them I mix the carbon
or other pigment with methylated spirit of wine or other volatile liquid which
rapidly evaporating causes the ink to dry quickly without disturbing the smooth-
ness and flatness of the paper.
Although I prefer to employ methylated spirit of wine as the vehicle with which
the carbon or other pigment is mixed for ruling and printing on paper made

page_text: according to my invention, yet spirit of wine alone or methylic alcohol, commonly
called wood naphtha, alone may be employed in place of methylated spirit of wine.
As the inks I employ do not sink into the substance of the paper, but lie on its
surface, a small quantity of adhesive matter must be used in connection with the
vehicles I have indicated. A small quantity of gum arabic or shell-lac or other
adhesive matter soluble in the vehicle employed must be added to the said vehicle.
Fifty grains of gum or shell-lac to a gallon of the ink is sufficient to secure the
required adhesion of the ink to the paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
as my invention :—
The new or improved manufacture of paper for the copying books of manifold
writers, for making tracings and for other like purposes hereinbefore described;
that is to say, taking paper of the kind known in commerce as vegetable parchment.
and subjecting it to great pressure between polished, preferably steel, heated or cold
cylindrical rolls so as to compress and harden it and reduce its thickness and give
a smooth surface to it substantially as described; whether the rolling operation
described be used alone or in conjunction with the second rolling operation herein-
before described.
Deted the 8th day of November 1800