IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING LUBRICATING MATTERS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Jackson, of 130, Powis Street, Woolwich,
in the County of Kent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING
LUBRICATING MATTERS."
Sealed the 25th January 1859, and dated the 26th July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th July 1858.
I, HENRY JACKSON, of 130, Powis Street, Woolwich, in the County of
Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PREPARING LUBRICATING MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in preparing lubricating
matters. For this purpose tallow is taken and prepared in the following
manner: It is broken into small pieces and placed in a vessel, which is then
closed with an air-tight cover and the air is exhausted from the vessel by an
air pump; afterwards connection is made between the vessel and a retort in
which oxygen is generated; when the oxygen in the vessel has arrived at a
considerable pressure it is allowed to escape by a weighted valve. The tallow,
when it has been kept in contact with oxygen under pressure for some time, is
removed from the vessel and ground with an amalgam of mercury and tin,
which in consequence of the preparation which the tallow has undergone will

page_text: be taken up very readily by it. In addition to these substances plumbago
ground with olive oil, and also a small quantity of prussiate of potash, may with
advantage be added.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Jackson, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th January 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, HENRY
JACKSON, of 130, Powis Street, Woolwich, in the County of Kent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Jackson, Her special licence that I, the said Henry
Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Henry Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PREPARING LUBRICATING MATTERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Henry Jackson, my executors or administrators, by
an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Jackson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in preparing lubricating
matters. For this purpose tallow is taken and prepared in the following
manner: It is broken into small pieces and placed in a vessel, which is then
closed with an air-tight cover, and the air is exhausted from the vessel by an
air pump; afterwards connection is made between the vessel and a retort

page_text: in which oxygen is generated; when the oxygen in the vessel has arrived at a
considerable pressure it is allowed to escape by a weighted valve. The tallow
when it has been kept in contact with oxygen under pressure for some time is
removed from the vessel and ground with an amalgam of mercury and tin,
which, in consequence of the preparation which the tallow has undergone, will
be taken up very readily by it. In addition to these substances plumbago
ground with olive oil and also a small quantity of prussiate of potash may
with advantage be added.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed more fully
to describe the manner of performing the same.
The tallow to be used is first subjected to the action of oxygen gas in a
closed vessel, in order to oxidize the same as much as possible. For this
purpose tallow is broken into small pieces and introduced into the vessel,
which is then closed air-tight, and the air is withdrawn by an air pump or
otherwise, in order to obtain a vacuum equal, by preference, to 10 lbs. to 13 lbs.
on the square inch; a communication is then opened between the vessel con-
taining the tallow or fatty matter and a retort or apparatus wherein oxygen.
gas is evolved, and by preference from black oxide of manganese, as is well
understood, and so soon as the fatty matter has been fully saturated by oxygen
gas it is allowed to cool down. In practice I have found that the oxygen gas
obtained from 1 lb. of black oxide of manganese is suitable for preparing
100 lbs. of tallow; I would, however, state that oxygen gas may be obtained
from other sources if preferred, I, however, make no claim to any process for
obtaining oxygen gas. The process of subjecting tallow to the action of
oxygen gas lasts for about twenty minutes, and the tallow is allowed to cool
down for about one hour. I prepare an amalgam of mercury and tin by
pouring about four parts by weight of mercury (heated to the temperature
of about 310 degrees of Farenheit) upon about two parts by weight of melted
tin. The compound which I prefer is as follows:-
Thirty-one parts by weight of tallow, four parts by weight of mercury, two
parts by weight of tin, two parts by weight of plumbago, one part by weight
of prussiate of potash. The amalgams of tin and mercury are worked into
the prepared tallow by trituration till all globules disappear, the combined
matters are then mixed with the plumbago and prussiate of potash and they
are well ground together.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I am aware that
mercury has before been combined with fatty matters in the manufacture of
lubricating compounds, and such is the case also in respect to plumbago. I

page_text: do not therefore claim the same separately, nor do I confine myself to the
quantities named; but what I claim is, the preparing fatty matters and
combining therewith an amalgam of mercury and tin with or without the
other matters, as herein described.
In. witness whereof, I, the said Henry Jackson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
HENRY JACKSON. (L.S.)