AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SECURING AND MEASURING LIQUIDS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nicholas Murphy, of Norwood, Queenstown,
Ireland, Distiller, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR SECURING AND MEASURING LIQUIDS."
Scaled the 8th October 1870, and dated the 16th April 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nicholas Murphy at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th April 1870.
I, NICHOLAS MURPHY, of Norwood, Queenstown, Ireland, Distiller,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SECURING AND MEASURING LIQUIDS," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to combine by a simple, practical, and
effective contrivance the requirements enforced in the 20th section of
the Spirits Act, 23 & 21 Vict. c. 114. with a reliable check in bulk
gallons and strength upon all spirits brought to charge at the spirit

page_text: receiver. Hence, in whatever distillery the improved machine herein-
after described may be employed and properly adjusted or affixed to the
spirit receiver it will be found impossible in effect for the supply pipe
and the discharge cock thereof both to be open at the same time, whilst
under no circumstances will it be practicable to remove any spirits
therefrom to the spirit store until a graduated glass tube (forming a part
of the machine or apparatus) shall have been supplied with a well mixed
and sufficient sample of the spirits about to be brought to charge, and
which sample, when examined, shall truthfully indicate the bulk gallons
and strength of same, and shall be held available for testing for as long
a period after the particulars of the charge shall have been taken by the
officer as may be deemed necessary for the purpose of securing a perfect
check..
The principle of the Invention consists in the employment of an
agitator furnished with a vertical screw shaft permanently fixed in the
centre of the receiver, and in having the man-door and discharge cock
as well as the charging cock so dependent upon the operations of
the machine that neither the man-door or the discharge cock can be
opened for the purpose of taking the strength of or removing the spirits
to the spirit store until the agitator has sufficiently mixed the spirits,
and the machine shall have secured in one of its graduated glass tubes
a perfect counterpart or equivalent of same, whilst the charging cock
is kept rigidly closed until the spirits so checked are removed from the
spirit receiver to the spirit store cask.
These two
The component parts of the machine consist principally of three cocks,
two of which are furnished with spindles (penetrating the cover of the
machine), which are squared at their outer ends so as to be capable of
being manipulated or turned by a wrench when necessary.
spindles are each perforated with holes, through which pass horizontal bars
(which firmly lock when required) permanently fixed and used for securing
different parts of the spirit receiver. Attached to one of the spindles in
an indicator with ratchet work, which will faithfully record the number
of times spirits shall have been removed from the receiver to the spirit
store.
The close safe which forms a portion of the machine need not necessarily
supersede any one previously in use; and its abandonment, wherever such
may appear expedient, will in no manner of way affect or impair the

page_text: efficient working of the apparatus. The whole of the apparatus is enclosed
in a secure box connected with the spirit receiver, the operations of
which can be witnessed through a glass door, but cannot in anywise be
counteracted or controlled.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Nicholas Murphy in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 15th October 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NICHOLAS
MURPHY, of Norwood, Queenstown, Ircland, Distiller, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Nicholas Murphy, Her special licence, that
I, the said Nicholas Murphy, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Nicholas Murphy, my exccutors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the
Channel Islands; and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SECURING AND MEASURING LIQUIDS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Nicholas Murphy, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nicholas Murphy, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, that is to say :—

page_text: The object of this Invention is to combine by a simple, practical, and
effective contrivance the requirements enforced in the 20th section of
the Spirits Act, 23 and 24 Vict. c. 114, with a reliable check in bulk
gallons and strength upon all spirits brought to charge at the spirit.
receiver. Hence, in whatever distillery the improved machine or
apparatus herein-after described may be employed and properly adjusted
or affixed to the spirit receiver it will be found impossible in effect for
the supply cock and pipe and the discharge cock thereof both to be open
at the same time, whilst under no circumstances whatever will it be
practicable to remove any spirits therefrom to the spirit store until a
graduated glass tube (forming a part of the machine or apparatus) shall
have been supplied with a well mixed and sufficient sample of the spirits
about to be brought to charge, and which sample when examined shall
truthfully indicate the bulk gallons and strength of the same, and
shall be held available for testing for as long a period after the particulars
of the charge shall have been taken by the officer as may be deemed
necessary for the purpose of securing a perfect check.
'
The principle of the Invention consists in the employment of an
agitator furnished with a vertical screw shaft permanently placed or
fixed in the centre of the receiver, and in having the sampling trapdoor
and discharge cock as well as the charging cock so dependent upon the
operations of the machine that neither the sampling trapdoor nor the
discharge cock can be, opened for the purposes of taking the strength of
or removing the spirits to the spirit store until the agitator has sufficiently
mixed the spirits, and the apparatus shall have secured in one of its
graduated glass tubes a perfect counterpart or equivalent of the same,
whilst the charging cock is kept rigidly closed until the spirits thus
checked are removed from the spirit receiver to the spirit store cask.
The component parts of the machine consist principally of three cocks,
two of which are furnished with spindles (penetrating the cover of the
machine or apparatus); these are squared at their ends so as to be
capable of being manipulated or turned by a wrench when necessary.
These two spindles are each perforated with holes, through which pass
horizontal bars which firmly lock the spindles when required. These
bars are permanently fixed or supported at the upper part of the
apparatus, and are used for securing different parts of the spirit receiver.
Attached to one of the spindles (that of the check gauge cock) is an

page_text: indicator which will faithfully record the number of times any spirits
shall have been removed from the receiver to the spirit store. This
spindle is furnished with ratchet work, which will effectually prevent its
operations from being reversed. The indicator can be detached from the
check gauge cock underneath the lower hole through which the bar of
the discharge cock is enabled to pass, but only when the door of the
box is opened. Thus the pointer can be lowered when required, and
the strengths of all the samples in the box be checked simultaneously
without intercepting the flow of spirits into the receiver.´
The close safe, which forms a portion of the machine, need not
necessarily supersede any one previously in use, and its abandonment,
whenever such may appear necessary or expedient, will in no manner of
way affect or impair the efficient working of the apparatus. The whole
of the apparatus is enclosed in a secured box connected with the spirit
receiver, and the operations can be witnessed through a glass door, but
cannot in anywise be counteracted or controlled.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "An
Improved Method of and Apparatus for Securing and Measuring
Liquids," I will now proceed to describe more in detail the manner in
which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect; and in order that the same may be distinctly understood I have
annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have
marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding
with those in the following explanation thereof, that is to say :-
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 represents a front
view of the improved apparatus having its glass door removed, and
exhibiting the said machine or apparatus in the position in which it is
when the spirits are flowing from the still into the receiver; Figure 2
is a sectional plan view of same through the line y-y, and a plan of
the receiver showing the positions in which are the various details
(the uses of which are herein-after described) at the time the check
gauge machine is in the position shown in Figures 1 and 2. 1 is the
trader's charging cock, which communicates by pipe 1" with the
revenue charging cock 2; 3 is a pipe communicating from revenue
charging cock 2 to the receiver 4; 5 and 11 are padlocks which control
the working of the restraining bolt 6 of the sampling trapdoor 12;
7 and 10 are two holes in the curved har 8 through which the restraining

page_text: bolt 6 passes, and controls the opening and closing of trader's charging
cock 1 by the restraining bolt 9 entering the square of its key or plug;
13 is a sliding bar or rod entering and locking the square head of the
agitator 15; 14 is the restraining bolt of the check gauge cock 25,
and locks the same by entering a hole 28 in spindle 29; it also partly
controls the movement of the sliding rod 13; 16 is the restraining bolt
of revenue charging cock 2, which it locks by entering spindle 18
through the hole 17 in same; it also locks the "agitator" after the same
has been wound up. 19 is a wheel on said spindle in gear with wheel 20
on spindle 21, which is connected to plug 22 of throttle cock 23; 24 is
a pipe communicating from receiver 4 to throttle cock 23, and thence to
clicck gauge cock 25; it has a slight fall in its descent from the latter,
so that-any-spirits- left in the check gauge cock_might drain back into
the receiver. 26 is a regulating bolt used for restraining the spindles 29
and 18; 27 and 27' are thumbscrews for working bolt 20; 28 is a hole
in the spindle 29, through which pass at different times the bolts 14
and 26; 30 is a spanner or wrench for turning the spindles 18 and 29;
31 is a scale for indicating the number of times spirits have passed from
the spirit receiver to the spirit store cask; 32 is a screw formed on the
spindle 29, which works nut and pointer 34 up and down the scale 31;
33 are the supports of the regulating bolt 26; 34' is the plug of the
check gauge cock 25; 35 is a hole in spindle 29; 36 is a rod or bent
bar for locking the revenue charging cock 2 by passing through hole 37,
and for locking the spindle 29 by passing through hole 35; 38, Figure 2,
is a wheel, half of which is cogged or starred, and works by means of
the wheels 39 and 46 the check gauge discharge cocks 40 and 47; 41 is
a close vertical cylinder in connection with the graduated glass tube c;
and 45 is a close vertical cylinder in connection with the graduated glass
tube b; each of these is capable of holding about one pint of spirits.
The manner in which they are supported and connected to their
respective tubes is not shown. g is the tube through which the check
gauge cock 25 supplies cylinder 41 and glass c, and f the one that
supplies the cylinder 45 and glass b with the samples of spirits from the
receiver; 43 is the discharge pipe of the cylinder 45 and glass b, and 43'
the discharge pipe of cylinder 41 and glass c; and 43 is the discharge
pipe common to both discharge cocks 40 and 47; 48 is the handle of
bar 36; 49 is the restraining bolt of the trader's discharge cock 50;
51 is a pipe admitting spirits from receiver 4 to the cock 50; 52 is the
.

page_text: pipe from the cock 50 to the spirit store cask; 53 is the handle of bar 8;
51, the usual dipping rod or inch measure for ascertaining the depth of
the spirits in receiver 4, and consequently the quantity (in bulk gallons);
55 is a padlock securing trader's discharge cock when closed; 56 is a
catch to stop the motion of bar 13.
The operation or mode of working the apparatus so as to check the
bulk gallons and strength of any spirits brought to charge and removed -
from the spirit receiver is as follows, but it must be borne in mind that
the apparatus is represented in black lines on the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings in the position it occupics when the spirits are flowing
from the still into the receiver 4 through the trader's charging cock 1,
pipe 1', revenue charging cock 2, and pipe 3.
The first operation is to unlock padlock 5 and take it away from rod 6;
slip this so that its inner end is drawn out of small hole 7 in the curved
bar 8 (as partly shown in red); slip bar S by means of the handle 53
(Figure 2) so that the small part of the outer end of rod 9 is pulled out
of the small hole in the square of the plug of trader's charging cock 1
(as shown in red); turn the plug of trader's charging cock 1 a quarter
revolution, and the spirits will be then shut off from the still; pull the
bar 8 back by means of the handle 53, so that the larger diameter of
the bar 9 passes through the large hole of the plug of trader's charging
cock 1 (as shown in blue), this securely locks the same. The operation
of pulling bar 8 back to this position brings the large hole 10 of the
same immediately in front of the larger diameter of the inner end of
restraining bolt 6. Unlock and remove padlock 11, which leaves bolt 6
entirely free and allows it to be pushed (into position indicated in blue)
so that its inner end and large part projects inside the revenue box and
through the hole 10 of bar 8, thereby locking the same and preventing
the trader's charging cock 1 being again opened. By this means the
outer end of restraining bolt 6 is brought out of the way of the sampling
trapdoor 12, but this is not yet entirely freed. Slip the bar 13 (through
which restraining bolt 6 passed, as shown in red, so that one of its ends
rests against the bolt 14; this action frees the agitator 15, which was
held by bar 13. This is then slowly wound up. The upper part of the
agitator shaft 15 below the square head of the same is screwed, and its
lower part has fixed thereto a series of "agitators" (which are bent bars
screwed to each other and to the shaft), and these as the agitator shaft

page_text: is screwed up are caused to revolve with it, and by this means effectually
to mix the spirits. Small metallic brushes are fixed to one or more of
the radial arms of the agitator, which in every revolution thereof will
remove any sediment from the orifice of check gauge sampling pipe
that may perchance accumulate thereon, and when the agitator has
reached its greatest attainable height in spirit receiver, one of the said
radial arms will be found to protect, by means of a guard attached to it,
the pipe in question, thereby frustrating any attempt to tamper with it
whilst the sampling trapdoor remains open.
The operation of "winding up" the agitator shaft above mentioned
continues until a hole in the screwed part of the same comes opposite
the outer end of restraining bolt 16 of the revenue charging cock; push
bolt 16 into this hole (as shewn in red) and the agitator will be locked.
This operation likewise withdraws the inner end of bolt 10 from the
hole 17 in the vertical spindle 18 of wheel 19, and frees the same.
Turn spindle 18 one quarter of a revolution by means of the spanner
or wrench 30, which shuts off the supply of spirits beyond the revenue
charging cock 2 into receiver 4, and brings the hole 17 so as to form a
through way for regulating bolt 26 and the hole 37 for the rod or bent
bar 36. This quarter turn also gives to wheel 20 and vertical-spindle 21
a quarter revolution, and the plug 22 of cock 23 being fixed to the
lower end of spindle 21 is likewise turned, so that this operation
establishes a communication as herein-after described) between the
receiver 4 and one of the graduated glasses b or c (say the glass b for
example). The regulating bolt 26 is then pushed by thumbscrew 27
out of the hole 28 in spindle-29 and into hole 17 of spindle 18 (as shown
in red), thereby locking the revenue charging cock 2. The thumbscrews
27 × 27' are so shaped on the inside of box as to prevent them from
being brought out thereof. The thumbscrew 27 is then withdrawn from
the hole 28, and this allows the spindle 29 of check gauge cock to be
turned by the wrench or spanner 30 one quarter of a revolution. This
operation is recorded on the scale 31 by means of the nut and pointer 31
on the screwed part 32 of the spindle 29, and it locks the spirit which
was flowing into the graduated glass band cylinder 45 after it has
attained its required elevation in the glass and stops all communication
between either one of the glasses 6 or c and the receiver 4, and at the
same time opens discharge cock 10 of glass c and cylinder 41, as hercin-
:

page_text: after described. The quarter revolution given to spindle 29 imparts
by means of the partially toothed wheel 38 a quarter revolution to
toothed wheel 39, the axis of which is connected to the plug of the
check gauge discharge cock 40 of glass c and cylinder 41. This plug
has a through communication. The vertical cylinder 41 communicates
with the cock 40 by means of the pipe 13. The hole of the plug is
caused by this imparted motion to come opposite the discharge pipe 43'
of the vertical cylinder 41 and glass c, and the spirits which were in the
same (those retained in a previous operation) flow out through the dis-
charge pipe at the bottom of the vertical cylinder 41 and through the
cock 40 into the discharge pipe 43, and so out of the box; it is thero
conveyed or drawn-off into a suitable vessel and the strength is taken
and registered. At the bottom of the spindle 29 is the check gauge
cock 25 (Figure 3). The description of the same and its plug is as
follows: The cock is provided with one lower or inlet hole 50' com-
municating with receiver 4 by pipe 24 (when throttle cock 23 is opened)
and two upper or outlet holes, each of which communicates with one or
other of the glasses or c by means of the short pipes f, g. The plug
has one inlet hole fixed in the centre of its base, which is always in direct
communication with the throttle cock, and it has one upper or outlet
hole placed about midway between top and bottom of the said plug,
so that cach time the spindle 29 receives 2 quarter turns the outlet
hole of the plug is in communication with one of the outlet holes
of the cock, whence the spirits flow by means of one of the pipes f
org to one or other of the graduated glasses or c and its respective
cylinder. Each alternate quarter revolution of the plug stops all
communication between the check gauge cock and the graduated
glass tubes. Supposing the graduated glass is about to be filled,
the mode of operation would be as follows (see Figures 2 and 3) :—
The spirit first enters from receiver 4 through cock 23 (which was opened
by the quarter revolution imparted to spindle 21 by spindle 18 and
wheels 19 and 20) and pipe 21 into and through the inlet holes of the
cock 25 and the plug into inside of same, thence through the outlet hold
of plug and the outlet hole of cock (communicating with glass 6) through
pipe finto vertical cylinder 45, and after filling the same continues to
rise in graduated glass tube to height attained in the receiver, and
so checks the quantity (in bulk gallons) of the same, as herein-after
explained, and retains sufficient quantity for purposes of testing.

page_text: .
The operation of filling the graduated glass tube c and its cylinder is
exactly the same in the mode of operation, but dissimilar in other respects,
herein-after immediately explained. The spirits from receiver 4 after
arriving at cock 25 in exactly the same manner as before would then pass
through the hole communicating with the pipe g, and through the latter
into the vertical cylinder 41, after filling which it would continue to rise
in the graduated glass tube c to the height attained in the receiver 4. Any
convenient number of vertical cylinders and graduated glass tubes may be
employed, but, for example, when four are used the check gauge cock 25
and plug would be of the following description:-The cock would have
four top and outlet holes and one bottom and inlet hole, and the plug
would have one top and outlet hole and one bottom or inlet hole. Every
alternate eighth revolution of spindle 29 would stop all communication
between the holes, and every other eighth revolution would admit spirits
to one of the four glasses; the wheel on the spindle 29 would have cogs
on only one-fourth of its circumference, consequently the discharge cock
of one of the four sample tubes would be opened and shut each quarter
revolution. On the spindle 29 two octagons would be fixed pierced with
holes at alternate sides, thus one would have sides 1, 3, 5, and 7 pierced
and be controlled by the working of the regulating bolt 26 alone, whilst
the other would have sides 2, 4, 6, and. 8, and this would be controlled
by the working of the bolts 14 and 36. Thus where four glasses are used
the bolt 14 is made only to partially enter the lower octagon so as to
allow the bent bar 36 to pass through at the same time, by this means
letting the sampling trapdoor 12 and the trader's discharging cock 50
both to be open at the same time.. Also when there are 4 cylinders &
glasses the discharge pipes thereof may empty their respective con-
tents into a shallow dish underneath the check gauge cock, a pipe
from the bottom of which conveys the spirits out of the box; this is also
applicable when only two glasses & cylinders are used, and in some
instances this adoption is preferable. The glasses b and c afford a check
on the quantity of spirits measured by the inch rule or dipping rod 54 in
the following manner:-If the bottom of the glasses are placed, say,
six inches above the bottom of the receiver 4 and there are sixteen
inches in the glasses (indicating twenty-two inches in the receiver) it
will then be a check on the height of spirits in receiver and prevent the
same being fraudulently rendered; the quantity of the spirits (after the
height in the receiver is known and checked) is then arrived at by com-

page_text: putation. To return, the quarter revolution of spindle 29 also brings
the hole 28 to position (shewn in red), and the hole 35 of shaft 29
so as to form a passage for part of rod 36. The holes 35 and 37
being now opposite the projecting ends of bar or rod 30 (supported
in a bearing 36) by means of the quarter revolution imparted to cach
of the spindles 18 and 29, the ends of the bar 36 are pushed into
the same by means of the handle 48 (and into the position shown
in red), and this prevents the said spindles from being fraudulently
turned. This operation at the same time withdraws the restraining
bolt 40 from the plug of the trader's discharge cock 50, as shown in
red (the padlock 55 being first removed), and allows the same to be
turned. This puts the trader's discharge cock 50 into communication by
means of the pipe 51 with receiver 4, and the spirits (after a perfect
counterpart or equivalent of the contents of the receiver has been duly
held in one of the graduated glass tubes and its cylinder for subsequent
testing) flow thence through the pipe 51, trader's discharging cock 50,
and pipe 52, to spirit store cask. Simultaneously with, before, or after
this operation (of slipping rod 36), but not until the quarter revolution
has been given to the spindle 29 so as to secure the sample of spirits
in the graduated glass b, the inner end of the bolt 14 is slipped into the
hole 28 (as shown in red), and this brings its outer projecting end out
of the way of the bar 13, and allows the same to be slipped until it is
stopped by the catch 56, and out of the way of sampling trapdoor 12,
which can then be opened, and samples of the spirits can be taken
as usual. The operation of again locking all the apparatus so as to
admit fresh spirits from the still to the receiver is exactly the reverse to
the operations herein-before described, namely:-The small trapdoor 12
would first be shut, the bar 13 slipped over, bolt 14 would be slipped
out of hole 28 in spindle 29, which would receive another quarter
revolution after the bar 36 has evacuated holes 35 and 37, as hercin-
after described; this opens a communication between the cylinder 41
and the cock 25 ready for the next operation, and shuts the discharge
cock 40 of cylinder 45 by the wheel 38 giving another quarter turn
to wheel 39; the rod 36 would then be withdrawn from holes 35.
and 37 by the handle 48, and then the spindle 29 could be turned,
which would lock trader's discharge cock 50 previously turned off,
then replace padlock 55; regulating bolt 20 is then pushed by thumb-
screw 27' out of the hole 17 in spindle 1S, and through the hole 28

page_text: in spindle 29, thereby locking the latter; screw 27' is then withdrawn;
spindle 18 and wheel 19 have then another quarter revolution given
to them, which turns the wheel 20 and stops any supply of spirits from
the receiver 4 to check gauge cock 25 by closing the throttle cock 23;
the inner end of bolt 16 is then slipped into the hole 17 of spindle 18,
locking the revenue charging cock 2 open and permitting the flow of
spirits into the receiver, but not until the trader's charging cock 1 shall
have been turned so as to be opened; the agitator 15 (just freed) is
then screwed down in the now empty receiver, and when the square head
of same comes against the top surface of the receiver the bar 13 is
slipped into a notch in the head, and thereby holds the same; bolt 6 is
then partly passed through bar 13 and padlock 11 is put on and fastened
so as to lock and secure the agitator. This operation (of moving bolt 6)
releases the bar 8, and allows it to be pushed by handle 53 so as to
remove the restraining bolt 9 from the large hole in the square of trader's
charging cock plug, which is then turned (opening supply of spirits
to the receiver); this brings the small hole of the same opposite the
small part of end of restraining bolt 9, which is then slipped into the
same and locks trader's charging cock 1 open; the thin inner end of
bolt 6 is slipped into small hole 7 of bar 8, and padlock 5 is put on
and locked, which completes the operation, and does not allow of the
apparatus being meddled with, as every part is securely locked until
the operation is again begun as first described, the apparatus being in
exactly the same position as when first described, and as shewn in black
lines on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, with the exception of the
half turns (two quarters) that were given to the various spindles, wheels,
and plugs of taps. In the next operation of the machine the glass c
would secure the sample of spirits. An ordinary man-door is situated
at any part of the top of receiver 4 so as to give access to inside of same to
clean and repair when necessary when the still house is not at work.
The "close safe," which may or may not be used in combination with
the apparatus herein-before mentioned, consists of a small tank placed
on legs and immediately under the revenue charging cock 2; the spirits
flow thence into the tank or "close safe" and through a pipe com-
municating with the pipe 3, and into receiver 4. This close safe when
used is for the purpose of letting the trader know whether the spirits
he is running into the receiver are pure or not.

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
"An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Securing and Measuring
Liquids," together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, I would remark in con-
clusion that I claim as my Invention, the general construction, com-
bination, and arrangement of apparatus substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings for the
purposes herein-before specified, or any mere modification or imitation
thereof or of the details acting in the same or an analogous manner and
for the same or similar purposes, and I would here remark that I do not
confine myself to the precise size, position, and shape of the various
details herein-before enumerated, as the same may obviously be altered or
varied as necessity may require without departing in the least from the
principle of my Invention as herein-before distinctly set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nicholas Murphy, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Eighth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
NICHOLAS MURPHY. (L.S.)