Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1886
Complete Left, 14th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 14th Oct. 1887
I, JOHANN CONRAD OSTERWALDER, Mechanical Engineer, of Bienne, in Switzer-
land do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
( )
The mixing and kneading machines hitherto known are emptied either by tilting
the mixing trough or by means of an aperture in the bottom of the said trough.
The distinctive feature of my machine, on the contrary, consists in the fact, that the
mixing organ is rendered completely accessible or laid open by shifting the mixing
trough in the direction of its axis, and therefore also in the direction of the axis of
the inixing organ or organs.
A machine constructed on this principle is represented by Figs. 1 to 5 and
Figs. 6 to 9 of the accompanying drawings, the mixing trough in this example being
completely cylindrical.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine showing the cylindrical mixing trough E
in the position which corresponds to the mixing process. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal
section showing the mixing trough partly drawn out. Fig. 3 is an end elevation
taken from the side towards which the trough is drawn out. Fig. 4 is a detail view
of the rack and pinion driving gear. Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the machine taken
from the side. where the mixer is set in motion.
Figs. 6 to 9 illustrate by end elevation, side elevation, vertical section and plan;
(partly in, section) a duplex machine constructed on the same principle.
The machine represented by Figs. 1 to 5 is supported at one end by the main
standard A and at the other end by a shorter standard B, which are connected with
each other by ordinary stays (and the two stays D shown cylindrical in the drawing:

page_text: The stays D support the mixing trough E open at both ends, and shown cylindrical
in the drawing. At the top this cylinder has a feed opening for flour, water &c.
which may be closed by a lid E' provided with handles. The front end of the
cylinder fits exactly into a groove A' of the main standard A, with or without the use
of a packing such as a ring of india rubber. The rear end of the cylinder is closed
by a bottom G¹ fitting exactly to the interior of the cylinder. The cylinder E rests
on the stays D by means of two closed bearings screwed to the cylinder, and also on
the rims I, I, of the toothed pinion I by means of the contact surfaces or facings M' M².
The pinion I gears into the rack M screwed on to the cylinder, and is mounted on a
shaft L provided with a crank K. Consequently, by turning the crank K, the
cylinder may be moved forward and backward, so as to slide over the bottom G¹;
the latter being connected in the direction of the cylinder axis with the main standard
A by the kneading and mixing appliance N. To the standard B, is bolted a bracket
O, carrying a supporting roller P provided with guide-rims Pl. In drawing out the
cylinder, the facings M come in contact with the flanges P1 of the said guide roller,
so that the cylinder is supported at the level of the rack M. The cylinder may,
however, be shifted by other mechanism instead of a rack and pinion, for instance by
worm-gearing or equivalent devices.
The dough-mixer, or the kneading and mixing organ, may be made of cast iron or
any other suitable material. The two side pieces N are triangular in cross section and
are connected with the journals N³ of the mixer N. The two cross pieces N are the
real mixing organs and may be twisted to a certain degree; (in Fig. 3 the angle of
twist is about 45°).
To the dough-mixer N, (and more especially to its side pieces), is secured a
scraper N which prevents lumps of dough from adhering to the cylinder wall which
would render the drawing out of the cylinder more difficult.
The kneading and mixing machine shown in the drawing is driven by hand by
means of a flywheel R¹ mounted on the same axle as the toothed pinion R. The
pinion R gears into the spur wheel Q mounted on the journal N³ of the mixer N, and
imparts a rotary motion to the latter.
The machine may, however, be adapted for belt driving or for any other convenient
method of driving. The mixing trough may have any other convenient shape,
instead of being cylindrical, and it may contain more than one mixing organ.
The sketches Figs. 6 to 9 show an example of duplex mixing machine constructed
on the principles described above; the mixing trough E having the shape of a double
cylinder and carrying a mixing organ N in each of its axle bearings. In this instance,
also, the mixing trough may have a lid E¹; the two mixing organs revolve with the
same or with different velocities, and the partition between the two cylindrical
compartments of the mixing trough may be perforated at E" to increase the mixing
capacity.
For working with my machine, the cylinder (for instance that of the machine
represented by Figs. 1 to 5) is opened by removing the lid E' and the raw materials
such as flour, salt, water, and yeast are introduced; the cylinder may remain open.
Now the dough mixer is turned by means of the flywheel and the mixing performed
as rapidly as possible, thereby converting the contents of the cylinders into a good
and uniform dough. For emptying the cylinder and filling the dough into a trough
the latter is placed under the cylinder in a convenient manner, the workman with-
draws the moveable cylinder by means of the crank K, and as the end wall G¹
remains stationary, while the cylinder slides over the same, practically the whole of
the pasty mass falls into the trough without any further manual assistance. Any
particles of dough still adhering to the dough mixer N may be easily discharged into
the trough by means of a scraper. The process of emptying is therefore very rapid
and advantageous. If the process of kneading is to be resumed, the cylinder E is
again pushed forward, and the work begins again as before. As the dough mixer
is completely accessible when it must be cleaned, and the cylinder is also completely
open and accessible from the rear, even the most careful cleaning will not absorb
much time,

page_text: For putting the dough into an ordinary trough, two angle irons Care secured to
the stays C near the ends of the same, and the trough is simply placed between the
angle irons, which serve as guides, so that the trough will always occupy the correct
position for the whole of the dough to fall exactly into the trough. If the trough is
mounted on wheels one of the two stays C is omitted, namely on that side from which
the trough is to be introduced and removed. The floor may be provided with guides
for the wheels of the trough in order to assure the correct position of the latter.
This machine is applicable for mixing granular or pulverulent substances, as well as
for mixing and kneading pulverulent substances with liquids.
Dated this 17th dox of December 1886
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, JOHANN CONRAD OSTERWALDER, Mechanical Engineer, of Bienne, in Switzer-
land, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The mixing and kneading machines hitherto known are emptied either by tilting
the mixing trough or by means of an aperture in the bottom of the said trough.
The distinctive feature of my machine, on the contrary, consists in the fact that the
mixing organ is rendered completely accessible, or laid open, by shifting the mixing
trough in the direction of the axis of the mixing organ or organs.
A machine constructed on this principle is illustrated by Figs. 1 to 5, the mixing
trough in this case forming a single cylinder. Figs. 6 to 10 represent modifications
adapted for two mixing organs.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine showing the cylindrical mixing trough E
in the position which corresponds to the mixing process. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal
section showing the mixing trough partly drawn out. Fig. 3 is an end elevation
taken from the side towards which the trough is drawn out. Fig. 4 is a detail view
of the rack and pinion driving gear. Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the machine,
taken from the side where the mixer is set in motion.
Figs. 6 to 9 illustrate by end elevation, side elevation, vertical section and plan,
(partly in section), a duplex machine constructed on the same principle. Fig. 10 is a cross
section (corresponding to Fig. 8) of a duplex machine, in which the mixing trough is
made of two parts, and the axes of the two mixing organs are placed nearer together.
The machine represented by Figs. 1 to 5 is supported at one end by the main
standard A and at the other end by a shorter standard B, which are connected with
each other by ordinary stays C and the two stays D, shown cylindrical in the
drawings.
The stays D support the mixing trough E open at both ends, and shown cylindrical
in the drawing. At the top this cylinder has a feed opening for four, water, &c.
which may be closed by a lid E provided with handles. The front end of the
cylinder fits exactly into a groove A¹ of the main standard A, with or without the use
of a packing such as a ring of india rubber. The rear end of the cylinder is closed by
a bottom G fitting exactly to the interior of the cylinder. The cylinder E rests on
the stays D by means of two closed bearings screwed to the cylinder, and also on the
rims I, of the toothed pinion I by means of the contact surfaces or facings M, M³.
The pinion I gears into the rack M screwed on to the cylinder, and is mounted on a
shaft L provided with a crank K. Consequently, by turning the crank K, the
cylinder may be moved forward and backward, so as to slide over the bottom G;
the latter being connected in the direction of the cylinder axis with the main

page_text: standard A by the kneading and mixing appliance N. To the standard B is bolted a
bracket O, carrying a supporting roller P provided with guide rims P₁. In drawing
out the cylinder, the facings M' come in contact with the flanges P' of the said guide
roller, so that the cylinder is supported at the level of the rack M. The cylinder may,
however, be shifted by other mechanism instead of a rack and pinion; for instance by
worm-gearing or equivalent devices.
The dough-mixer, or the kneading and mixing organ, may be made of cast iron or
any other suitable material. The two side pieces N' are triangular in cross section, and
are connected with the journals N³ of the mixer N. The two cross pieces N are the
real mixing organs, and they may be twisted to a certain degree.
To the dough-mixer N, (and more especially to its side pieces), is secured a scraper
N' which prevents lumps of dough from adhering to the cylinder wall which would
render the drawing out of the cylinder more difficult.
The kneading and mixing machine shown in the drawing is driven by hand by
means of a fly wheel R mounted on the same axle as the toothed pinion R. The
pinion R gears into the spur wheel Q mounted on the journal N* of the mixer N, and
imparts a rotary motion to the latter. The machine may, however, be adapted for
belt driving, or for any other mode that is convenient. The mixing trough may have
any other convenient shape, instead of being cylindrical; and it may contain more
than one nixing organ.
The sketches Figs. 6 to 9 show an example of a duplex mixing machine constructed
on the principles described above: the mixing trough E having the shape of a double
cylinder and carrying a mixing organ N in each of its axle bearings. In this
instance, also, the mixing trough may have a lid E'; the two mixing organs revolve
with the same or with different velocities, and the partition between the two cylindrical
compartments of the mixing trough may be perforated at E" to increase the mixing
capacity.
Fig. 10, like Fig. 8, is a cross section of a machine with two mixing organs, but
the distance between the axes has been shortened, and is equal to or less than the
inner diameter of a single trough or cylindrical chamber. The mixing organs must,
of course, be arranged in such a manner that they do not touch each other.
For working with my machine, the cylinder (for instance, that of the machine
represented by Figs. 1 to 5,) is opened by removing the lid E¹ and the raw materials
such as flour, salt, water, and yeast, are introduced; the cylinder may remain open.
Now the dough mixer is turned by means of the fly wheel, and the mixing perforined
as rapidly as possible; thereby converting the contents of the cylinders into a good
and uniform dough. For emptying the cylinder and filling the dough into a trough,
the latter is placed under the cylinder in a convenient manner, the workman withdraws
the movable cylinder by means of the crank K, and as the end wall G remains
stationary while the cylinder slides over the same, practically the whole of the pasty
nass falls into the trough without any further manual assistance. Any particles of
dough still adhering to the dough mixer N may be easily discharged into the trough
by means of a scraper. The process of emptying is therefore very rapid and
advantageous. If the process of kneading is to be resumed, the cylinder E is again
pushed forward, and the work begins again, as before. As the dough mixer is
completely accessible when it must be cleaned, and the cylinder is also completely
open and accessible from the rear, even the most careful cleaning will not absorb
much time.
For putting the dough into an ordinary trough, two angle irons C₁ are secured to
the stays C near the ends of the same, and the trough is simply placed between the
angle irons, which serve as guides, so that the trough will always occupy the correct
position for the whole of the dough to fall exactly into the trough. If the trough is
mounted on wheels, one of the two stays C is omitted, namely, on that side from
which the trough is to be introduced and removed. The floor may be provided with
guides for the wheels of the trough in order to assure the correct position of the latter.
This machine is applicable for mixing granular or pulverulent substances, as well
as for mixing and kneading pulverulent substances with liquids.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention;.
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
1. In mixing or kneading machines, a mixing trough, movable forward and back-
ward along the axis of the mixing organ, and having at the top an inlet for material,
the said trough being open at both ends and abutting against a side wall when in its
working position; and sliding over another side wall secured to the mixing organ,
when the trough is being withdrawn for the purpose of emptying it.
2. The combination of a frame A, B, with a mixing organ N, end wall G, mixing
trough E and means for imparting to the mixing trough an axial to and fro motion.
3. A kneading machine having a mixing trough E as specified under claim 1, said
trough being guided by stays or beams D, as well as by guide rollers P, Pi and the
flanges of a pinion I adapted to shift the mixing trough E, said machine having
also sufficient space for placing an ordinary trough or dough receptacle under the
mixing organs N rendered accessible by the withdrawal of the trough E for receiving
the mixed or kneaded product which falls simultaneously with the withdrawal of
the trough.
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