IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOWS, DOORS, LIDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES.
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Pinder, of The Crescent, Stamford Hill;
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOWS, DOORS, LIDS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES.'
"
Scaled the 15th December 1871, and dated the 23rd September 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Pinder at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd September 1871.
9. 1
I, JOHN PINDER, of The Crescent, Stamford Hill, in the County of
5. Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOWS, DOORS,
LIDS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:

page_text: Secondly. To apparatus for securing the sashes of window frames,
which apparatus is applicable for doors, lids or covers of articles of
furniture, and can be used in conjunction with ordinary locks or other
fasteners or alone, as desired.
The first-mentioned apparatus consists of a spring or other bolt or
catch arranged under the front plate of say a lever sash fastener, which
bolt or catch passes through a hole slotted or not in the plate, and‐
takes into or against the under side of the lever. The bolt or catch
may be part of or attached to a projecting stud or finger piece, and it is
acted upon by a flat, a coiled, or other spring. The bolt or catch
which enters the lever prevents it being acted upon from the outside of
the sash, and at the same time holds it secure.
The second-mentioned apparatus consists of a bolt or catch formed
with notches, recesses, or grooves, and with a catch claw, which bolt
when turned in one direction can be drawn out a fixed distance to clear
the back sash, or the fixed portion of the article of furniture, to permit
of the same being opened. A portion of the stem is heart shaped or
tapered to allow of the bolt being kept in position, whether pushed in
or drawn out, the heart or taper shaped portion working in a corres-
ponding aperture in a face plate. Other plates are arranged or fitted
in the sashes or other articles to be fastened for the projecting portions
of the bolt to take against, and the face of the bolt is arranged with a
knob or with a slit for a key to turn it by.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Pinder in the Great Seal Patent Office 2
on the 23rd March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
PINDER, of The Crescent, Stamford Hill, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said 'John Pinder, Her special licence that

page_text: Firstly. To apparatus to be used in connection with ordinary sash
fasteners of window frames by which the levers can be held secure.
Secondly. To apparatus for securing the sashes of window frames,
which apparatus is applicable for doors, lids, or covers of articles of
furniture, and can be used in conjunction with ordinary locks or other
fasteners or alone, as desired.
The first-mentioned apparatus consists of a spring or other bolt or
catch arranged under the front plate of say a lever sash fastener, which.
bolt or catch passes through a 'hole, slotted or not, in the plate and
takes into or against the under side of the lever. The bolt or catch
may be part of or attached to a projecting stud or finger piece, and it is
acted upon by a flat, a coiled, or other spring. The bolt or catch which
enters the lever prevents it being acted upon from the outside of the
sash, and at the same time holds it secure.

page_text: .
This part of my Invention is clearly exemplified in the annexed
Sheet of Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a detached view of the
apparatus, a being the bolt with a chamfered top edge for causing the
catch of the sash fastener to depress it when it passes over it to be
secured. The bolt is in this view partly enclosed. in a short tube or
-barrel b, and bears upon a coiled spring c which returns it to its normal
position after each depression. The bolt stem is slotted to receive one
end d of a bent lever e which is pivotted at f, so that when the end e
is drawn outwards or away from the sash it turns upon the. pivotting
.pin and its opposite end d is forced downwards, taking the bolt with it,
and at the same time compressing the spring. The sash fastener lever
This will
can then be drawn or pushed round to release the fastening.
be understood by referring to Figure 2, sectional view, where the safety
bolt is shown in connection with an ordinary lever sash fastener, its
bolt being in the recess left in the casting in the under side thereof.
To enable the bolt to be easily acted upon to be released I provide a
small (preferably) split ring 9 at the free end of the bent lever d, this
being the most convenient mode of arranging the front to offer the
last projection that would tend to interfere with the Venetian or other
blinds with which the window may be fitted. The ring may be dis-
pensed with and a small detachable key, Figure 2*, used if desired.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 show a different form of lever to act upon the
spring bolt, this being lifted by the finger to depress the bolt when it
has to be released.
Figure 6 is a similarly shaped lever, but in licu of this being drawn
to the front or lifted it has to be depressed by reason of its fulcrum or
pivotting pin being at its end instead of at the bend or at about its centre.
This last method is shown with a flat plate spring, but any form of
spring can be used.
The importance of this Invention is that it prevents the ordinary
lever fastener being acted upon from the outside, because no studs or
projections are seen which could be acted upon by a tool or instrument
inserted between the meeting rails. The barrel containing the spring
and bolt and the bent or other lever are enclosed in the woodwork, there
being nothing but the ring or the lip upon which the finger can act
exposed to view.
Figures 7, 8, and 9 show how the spring bolt can be applied to

page_text: casement sashes, where the meeting rails are in a vertical position;
h, h, are the meeting rails, one of which has a claw plate i, and the
other a drop over lever plate j, the lever of which can be thrown over on
its fulcrum pin k by the knob 1, and caused to take behind the claw m,
its fall depressing the bolt and spring for the time, and then returning
to secure the lever.
It will be seen by the foregoing that this spring bolt is applicable to
all kinds of lever fasteners, it being only necessary to arrange its lever
at the front side over or under the catch or claw plate according to
circumstances, the lever being fixable upon lugs on the barrel, or upon
the face plate as in Figure 10.
:
The second-mentioned apparatus consists of a bolt or catch formed
with notches, recesses, or grooves, and with a catch claw, which bolt,
when turned in one direction, can be drawn out a fixed distance to clear
the back sash or the fixed portion of the article of furniture to permit
of the same being opened. A portion of the stem is heart shaped or.
tapered to allow of the bolt being kept in position, whether pushed in
or drawn out, the heart or taper shaped portion working in a corres-
ponding aperture in a face plate. Other plates are arranged or fitted
in the sashes or other articles to be fastened for the projecting portions
of the bolt to take against, and the face of the bolt is arranged with a
knob or with a slit for a key to turn it by.
The application of this apparatus to sash frames will be understood by
reference to Figures 11 and 12. Here the meeting rails of the sash
frames have holes formed in them to receive tubes or barrels n, which
may or may not have face plates p attached to them. These face plates
form the means of holding the bolt q in any position.
The bolt on one.
or more parts of it is shaped with an incline or tooth, the end of which
is cut away to permit of the bolt being turned, say a quarter round,
to bring the tooth opposite the corresponding notch in the face plate,
through which it is then free to pass when drawn out or pushed in as
the case may be.
Figures 13 and 14 show detached views of the bolt and face plate,
the bolt being formed with two heart shaped or inclined teeth r, r, in
the same direction, and with the recesses or cut-away portions at the
ends, so that it can be turned to bring the teeth behind the solid portion
of the face plates when two are used, as in Figure 12. It is not essential

page_text: that this bolt should be fixed at or near the sash fastener as it can be
arranged at the side rails or other part of the sashes, and the teeth may
be in the reverse direction, that. being dependent upon the direction in
which the correspondingly shaped apertures in the face plate, or plates
are made.
Figure 15 shows a double-toothed bolt in which the teeth are cut in
the opposite direction, while that shown in Figure 16 has only one tooth,
and that one near the shoulder s, to which a ring t or other appliance can
be fitted to facilitate the operation of fastening or unfastening. This
bolt is capable of being applied to all articles of furniture, such as
doors, lids, flaps, and drawers, whether they slide in or out, lift up, push
or fall down, or move upon hinges; and in order that this may be
clearly understood I have in the Drawings shown several adaptations.
Figure 17. represents a bolt with. two teeth enclosed in a barrel, and
in position for holding the two pieces A, B, in a secure manner by
reason of the teeth taking behind the face plates. Figure 18 showing
the same bolt turned and drawn outwards by the knob or button u, and
the piece B released so that it or the piece A can be separated.
Figures 19, 20, and 21 show its adaptation, to say, the two half doors
of a cupboard or bookcase, the shelf or a rail C having a metal plate,
which answers the same purpose as one of the face plates, through the
aperture of which the tooth r can pass, and then be turned partially
round to become secured.
Figure 22 is a perspective view of a chest of drawers, in one side of
which my improved bolt is fitted to engage behind a barrel or face:
plate to prevent the drawers being drawn out notwithstanding the
ordinary locks being unfastened. The bolts in this case need not have
button heads, as they can be so shaped as to be recessed into the
exterior wood, and lie flush, there being only a space left into which
either a ring or a key can be lodged to work the bolt.
Figure 23 is a view of the toothed bolt, with its end inserted into a
hole formed in the ordinary shoot bolt of a lock or latch to prevent the
key turning the shoot bolt in either direction. The toothed bolt in
this case can be arranged in the inside of the door or on the outside,
as desired; Fig. 24 is a view of one of my toothed bolts fitted as
an ordinary door bolt.

page_text: And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I
claim,―
Firstly. The apparatus for securing windows, doors, lids, and other
similar articles as described and shown.
Secondly. I claim the construction and employment of a spring
bolt in combination with a bent or other lever for securing the levers of
ordinary sash fasteners, as described and shown in Figures 1 & 2 of
the annexed Drawings.
Thirdly. I claim the modified mode of operating the bolt, by
which the levers of sash fasteners can be secured as described and
shown.
Fourthly. I claim the construction and employment of a toothed bolt
for securing sash and other frames, doors, lids, and other similar articles,
as described and shown in Figures 11 to 24 of the annexed Drawings,
whether such toothed bolts be used in combination with other fasteners
or alone, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Pinder, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 20d day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-two.
Witness,
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street,
London.
JOHN PINDER. (L.s:)