Improvements in Axles and Axle Boxes for Road Vehicles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 19th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Axles and Axle Boxes for Road Vehicles.
I, JOSEPH HENRY DWYER, of Castle Street, Castlebar, County Mayo, Ireland,
Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to,
1. A novel construction of axle for road vehicles, the object being to obtain increased
strength at the part most liable to fracture.
2. To forming two distinct cones near the shoulder end.
3. To leave room at about the centre for the free distribution of the lubricant, the
centre proper having a swell, or increased in diameter to force the lubricant equally
to both ends of the axle arm.
4. To make two flats on the neck for a reversible collet.
5. To form cotter or other pin holes in the nut at different distances from its
shoulder to allow of the nut and collet being adjusted for wear.
The second part of the invention relates to axle boxes of road vehicles and specially
designed for tlie above named axles.
The back end of the box is provided with two distinct conical surfaces corresponding
to the two cones at the shoulder end of the axle.
The box has then a parallel surface corresponding to a parallel exterior of the
above mentioned axle. Between this parallel and another parallel near the outer
end of the box a kind of well or reservoir for lubricant is formed provided with
longitudinal grooves. The outer edge of the second paralleled portion is cone
shaped and corresponds to a cone on the collet body, there being another cone
rising from this which determines the diameter of the collet rim, said axle box being
shaped to correspond. This collet has two flats on its interior corresponding to
two flats on the axle, the two flats being alike, so that the collet can be turned
either side up.
The next improvement is in the nut by which the collet is adjusted. For this
purpose, I make circular or rectangular shaped holes through the walls of the nut at
different distances from its shoulder, through which a pin of the desired shape,
(split cottar or other) can be passed and also through the axle to lock the nut when
the adjustment has been effected.
With the usual forms of axles known as the Collinge, two nuts are employed of
different diameters on the axle end and right and left hand threaded respectively but
I purpose using only one threaded portion and consequently only one nut.
These axle boxes may be made plain with feathers or lugs for fixing them in the
hub of the wheel, or they may be made with spoke sockets in a single casting, in
which case I purpose forming a hole between the spoke sockets to enable the
central chamber to be charged with oil, said hole being closable by a screw or
other plug.
Dated this 21st day of January 1889.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Axles and Axle Boxes for Road Vehicles.
I, JOSEPH HENRY DWYER of Castle. Street, Castlebar, County Mayo, Ireland,
Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the. same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The first part of this invention relates to
1. A novel construction of Axle for Road Vehicles, the object being to obtain
increased strength at the part most liable to fracture.
12. To forming two distinct cones near the shoulder end.
3. To leave room at about the centre for the free distribution of the lubricant, the
centro proper having a swell, or increased in diameter to force the lubricant equally
to both ends of the axle arm.
4. To make two flats on the neck for a reversible collet.
The second part of the invention relates to axle boxes of Road Vehicles specially
designed for the above named axles.
The back end of the box is provided with two distinct conical surfaces corre-
sponding to the two cones at the shoulder end of the axle. The box has then a
parallel surface corresponding to a parallel exterior of the above mentioned axle.
Between this parallel and another parallel near the outer end of the box, a kind of
well or reservoir for lubricant is formed provided with longitudinal grooves. The
outer edge of the second paralleled portion is cone shaped and corresponds to a cone
on the collet body, there being another cone rising from this which determines the
diameter of the collet rim, said axle box being shaped to correspond. This collet has
two flats on its interior corresponding to two flats on the axle, the two flats being
alike, so that the collet can he turned either side
up.
The next improvement is in the nut by which the collet is adjusted. For this
purpose I make circular or rectangular shaped holes through the walls of the nut,
through which hole a pin of the desired shape, (split cottar or other) can be passed
and also through the axle to lock the nut when the adjustment has been effected.
With the usual forms of axles known as "The Collinge," two nuts are employed
of different diameters on the axle end, and right and left hand threaded respectively,
but I purposo using only one threaded portion and consequently only one nut.
These axle boxes may be made plain with feathers or lugs for fixing them in the
hub of the wheel, or they may be made with spoke sockets in a single casting in
which case I purpose forming a hole at the front or back of the spoke sockets to
enable the central chamber to be charged with oil, said hole being closable by a screw
or other plug.
My invention will be understood by the annexed drawings the first part being
shown at Figure 1 which is a section of an axle box A, the axle B being in position.
This box A is wedged into the wooden hub of a wheel in the usual manner.
The part C, D, of the axle termed the shoulder is of increased diameter and
formed with two distinct inclines to bear against corresponding inclines of the box A,
the inner end of which rides in a groove of the fixed collar E, preferably having a
washer as is usual.
The centre part F of the axle box A is hollowed and has ribs or fillets therein for
containing lubricant, this being fairly distributed to both ends of the axle_and_box
by a swell G which occupies a position between two parallel portions H, H, of
the axle.
The collet portion of the axle is provided with two flat surfaces at I, I, for the
reception of the collet J of corresponding shape as seen at Figure 2, the outer face
of which has also two angles J, K, which as the leather or other washer in the fixed
collar E wears, permit of the collet J keeping in contact when forced forward by the
screw nut L, said nut being shown at Figures 3 and 4 and having holes for a pin,

page_text: such as I show at Figure 5 which may be a split cottar, or other to pass through,
said pin also passing through a rectangular hole N in the axle end when the nut L
is adjusted.
Pis the usual shape of cap for enclosing the nut and axle end.
Figures 6 and 7 represent how I construct a metal hub and axle box in a single
casting for the reception of the axle, the inner portion of the axle box as hereinbefore
described being made to correspond Figure 6 being a view of Figure 7 from the back
of the box and with the ring T removed. This hub is cast with a series of wings Q, Q,
of V shape, which terminate about mid distance between the bottom of a socket and
the outer edge for the reception of the ends of spokes R, a portion of which is of
square shape to fit the spaces of the sockets S between the wings into which they
are driven, the extreme inner end of each spoke being chamfered to rest against each
other to obtain a greater degree of firmness when located. The sockets S and webs Q
on one side of the hub are in a piece but at the opposite side the wings are
exposed and covered by a ring T as seen at Figure 7, said ring having holes
corresponding to holes made in the spokes and the opposite side of the socket for
the reception of screw pins U, U, which further fasten the spokes in place, so
that in case of repairs the ring T can be taken off and a new spoke put in
position and the ring replaced to clamp the whole together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The two inclines C, D, of an axle shoulder arranged as shown in the drawings
and as and for the purposes described.
2. Making an axle box with two inclines corresponding to C, D, of the axle and an
oil chamber at the centre, as at F, F, of the annexed drawings.
3. Making a collet with two inclines and with two flat surfaces, the inclines
corresponding to those in an axle box and the flat surfaces with those on an axle, as
described.
4. The construction of wheel hub and axle box in one casting, this having
wings Q, Q, of the shape shown at Figure 6 and with sockets between for the
reception of spokes, the inner ends of which are exposed and of tapered form for
binding against each other, said spokes being further secured by a ring T and screw
nut U, as set forth.
10il . ת
1
_ 1000
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London, Agent for the said J. H. Dwyer.