matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF ROLLING SHEETS FROM PUDDLED STEEL OR STEEL IRON
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Spence at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th August
1858.
I, JAMES SPENCE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Iron Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF ROLLING SHEETS FROM PUDDLED STEEL OR STEEL IRON," to be as
follows:-
In the present mode of rolling thin sheets of iron when the sheet becomes
too thin to bandle singly, it is doubled, strongly reheated, passed frequently
through the rolls, then doubled again, reheated and rolled, and so on till
perfected. Sheets of puddled steel or steel iron cannot be thus produced, as
the welding point of steel is below that of iron, and it cools more rapidly.
Hence the layers, when doubled thus, in part weld or cohere, and in part drag
and tear each other.
My Invention consists in rolling such sheets of puddled steel or steel iron
as follows:- I first anneal the bar either by slow cooling from the rolls, or by
a separate process I roll it until it requires to be doubled. I then pass it into
a chamber or stove, or otherwise so control the heat that it shall be main-
tained greatly below that now used, and always below the welding point of
steel. After doubling, I pass the sheets but once or twice through the rolls
without opening the layers, to oxidise their internal surfaces, and I so treat
them as to maintain the heat of the interior layers nearly equable with that of
the surfaces, and I thus maintain a low equable heat till perfected. If the

page_text: sheets be used for tin plates, they cannot be tempered by the usual methods
without injury to the tin. I pass them tinned from the rack into a chamber,
in which I maintain an extreme degree of artificial cold, and so temper them-
without touching the surfaces.
It will be found, that by these methods sheets of steel or steel iron can be
produced at a cost greatly below that incurred in rolling them, as at present,
singly, and also that tin plates can be made from them possessing any required
degree of elasticity.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CLOSE STOOLS, NIGHT COMMODES, AND WATER-CLOSETS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April
1858.
I, GEORGE SMITH, of 21, Wichampton Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Charcoal Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CLOSE STOOLS, NIGHT COMMODES, AND
WATER-CLOSETS," to be as follows:―
My Invention consist in introducing coarsely powdered vegetable or animal
charcoal placed within a double framework of perforated zinc, wire gauze, or
porous cloth. This framework is of various forms, being applied according to
circumstances to the tops, sides, and bottoms of the before-mentioned close
stools, night commodes, and water-closets. By this arrangement the effluvia,
which would otherwise be given off, are absorbed, and the close stools, night
commodes, and water-closets rendered nearly inodorous.
PREVENTING OR SECURING THE DETECTION OF ALTERATIONS OR ERASURES IN BANKERS' CHEQUES AND OTHER SIMILAR INSTRUMENTS, AND THE CROSSINGS THEREOF
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Stow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th October
1858.
I, MATTHEW STOW, of Leeds, in the County of York, Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "PREVENTING OR SECURING THE
DETECTION OF ALTERATIONS OR ERASURES IN BANKERS' CHEQUES AND OTHER SIMILAR
INSTRUMENTS, AND THE CROSSINGS THEREOF," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in making a series of perforations which shall form
an essential part of the crossing or other part of the cheque or instrument
which it is important to guard against alteration or erasure. In the case of
crossed cheques, the perforations might be so made as to form either a part or
the whole of the crossing of the cheque. The perforations may be made
by any machine or implement suitable for the perforation of paper or similar
substances.
AN IMPROVED ROTATORY CUTTING MACHINE
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Saxby Keith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd March
1858.
I, JOHN SAXBY KEITH, of York Street, Southwark, County of Surrey,
Surgical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED ROTATORY CUTTING MACHINE," to be as follows; and
consists of a solid frame, preferably of iron, in length varying according to the
power of the machine; this frame may be open for some space along its
center, so as to allow of the arrangement of certain cutters and spindles, herein-
after described, and at the same time give weight and strength both above and
below the said cutters. Passing longitudinally through the open part of the
frame, and supported at each end, are two spindles; on the one end of each
of these are fixed two hard metallic circular or disc cutters, and on the other
end is mounted spur, toothed, or other gearing, by which motion is com-
municated to them, and hence to the cutters, which rotate in planes parallel
to each other's face, and generally so that the outer edge of each periphery
nearly touches the other; one or both of these cutters are provided with a
screw or other simple arrangement for elevating and depressing, that is for
bringing the cutting edges near each other or removing them further apart.
The other extremities of the spindles rest upon a bed which projects out from
the central axis of the former, so that one, either, or both of the spindles may

page_text: lie in the central line of the frame or be oblique to it, a screw or rack motion
altering their or its position at any suitable angle with the plane, passing
between the cutters. A table is arranged on which the material to be cut is
laid, and a guide, straight or curved, similar to the form of the article to be
cut, is fixed upon it, and against this guide the material or article is pressed,
so as to guide the direction of the cutters; the said table may be elevated or
depressed, or put in motion if necessary, by any simple means.
A STEAM OR POWER KNEADING APPARATUS
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michel Page at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th June
1858.
I, MICHEL PAGE, of Valdoie, near Belfort,, a Town of France, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A STEAM
OR POWER KNEADING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in, introducing in a horizontal cylinder either the
flour and water required to make dough, or any other materials to be mixed,
and to impart a helical motion to blades fixed at the end of the shaft which
rotates in this cylinder; the said shaft is supported on bearings in such a
manner that. besides rotating in them it can also slide lengthways, as it has a
reciprocating motion.
The annexed 'Drawing is a plan of the apparatus. A, driving pullies;
B and C, bevil wheels to impart a reciprocating motion to the shaft N by means
of the crank M; the shaft N carries several blades at its further end, which
blades work within the cylinder F. The rotating motion is imparted to tho
shaft N by the cog wheels E', E, the first of which E' is.keyed on the driving
shaft L. The flour is introduced through the cylindrical aperture G, whilst the
water and yeast are poured in the cylinder F through the hopper I; a lid J,
opening outwards, is used to take out the dough when thoroughly mixed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUSES FOR RAISING AND LOWERING WEIGHTS AND BODIES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Tétar van Elven at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
April 1858.
I, LOUIS TETAR VAN ELVEN, of Clapham Road, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUSES FOR RAISING AND LOWERING WEIGHTS AND BODIES," to be
as follows:-
My Invention is chiefly intended for the raising of weights from a lower to
a higher level, but is applicable to most purposes of raising and lowering.
I connect to the four corners of a case, box, or other recipient four or more
grooved rollers, which are caused by suitable springs to run in and be pressed
against upright rails or frames of T-iron, or of frames of any other suitable
material; the top of the case is connected to one end of a belt or belts, which
is or are carried over pulleys held by links from a cross bar or otherwise,
while the other end of the belt or belts is connected to counterbalance weights.
The raising or lowering is effected by winding up or winding off a belt or rope
connected to the case.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND STRENGTHENING OF PAPER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Spratt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th November
1858.
I, JAMES SPRATT, of 71, College Street, Camden Town, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND STRENGTHENING OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in combining yarn or threads, or other similar
material, with paper pulp while in the form of a sheet, as it is formed in the
paper-making machine, for the purpose of adding strength to the paper. In
coarse papers, instead of thread or yarn I apply wire thereto at a similar stage,
which is passed through between the rollers with the sheet of paper pulp, and
becomes embedded in and combines therewith, so as to form a smooth uniform
surface. If thread or yarn, or other long fibrous material be used, it is com-
bined with the paper pulp in like manner, and may either be previously sized
or unsized; if previously sized it adheres more firmly to the paper, and imparts
greater strength to it. The wires, threads, or fibres may be disposed simply
in straight lines parallel with the length of the paper, in which case they
would simply be unreeled from suitable reels on to the surface of the paper, so
as to pass under the rollers, as described; cross wires, threads, yarns, or other
fibrous material may also be laid by any suitable machinery, combined with
the sheet of paper, thereby imparting strength to the paper in both directions;
or such material may be disposed on the sheet of paper in a zig-zag or in any

page_text: other form or device suitable for imparting the strength required, and it might
if coloured be rendered ornamental.
I am aware that one or more threads have heretofore been combined with
paper in a state of pulp as a mark, and also that woven fabrics have been
combined with paper to increase the strength; the first, being simply for a
mark, has only been in parts of the paper, and has been inserted for a purpose
foreign to my Invention; while the latter, although affording great strength, is
a woven fabric, and therefore much more expensive than the threaded or wired
paper made according to my Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COATS, LADIES' RIDING HABITS, AND OTHER SIMILAR GARMENTS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Reuben Levy at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th September
1858.
I, REUBEN LEVY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Clothier, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COATS, LADIES' RIDING HABITS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR GARMENTS," to be as follows:-
In over and under coats, jackets, ladies' riding habits, and dresses, I place
under the armpits or other required parts, any suitable number of eyelet holes
or ventilators, in order to remove the excess of heat and prevent excessive
perspiration, thus producing an amount of ease and comfort not to be obtained
by the garments at present in use. The said eyelet holes may be bound by
metal, braid, or other material suitable for the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: www not to procec
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Drake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th April
1858.
I, JOHN DRAKE, jun', of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the employment of a hollow needle for supplying
the under thread to ordinary sewing machines, or a tube. with one end made.
up solid and pointed, the other end having a lid or cap screwed thereto so as
to be capable of being readily removed and reattached. The said needle or
tube is of sufficient interior capacity to hold a small cop of thread, or a
quantity of thread that has been wound on a small pin to form a cop the size
of the interior of the needle, and then stripped off, so that on being placed in
the needle the thread can be taken or drawn out froin the interior of the cop
through a hole in the lid or cover. The said needle is bent, curved, or formed
into a segment of a circle of any convenient proportion. Also, in the employ-
ment of a circular plate or disc, with a circular groove or trench formed in one
side or face near the outer edge, of a proper or suitable size to receive the said
curved needle, or to allow of its being imbedded therein, so as to be capable
of sliding freely or of circulating in the groove or trench. The said disc is
applied or fixed to the under side or bed of the machine in such relative

page_text: position that the vertical needle of the machine will pass close to the outer
circumference or periphery of the circular needle at a point where a notch is
cut in the disc across the groove to receive the vertical needle and the loop
which is formed on the thread by the withdrawal of the vertical needle. The
circular needle is impelled through the loop by means of an arm fixed on a
spindle which passes through the centre of the disc, and caused to rotate
therein by mitre gear wheels or other suitable driving apparatus. The cir-
cular needle is caused to circulate or make one revolution to each stroke or
insertion of the vertical needle, so that the thread supplied by the circulating
needle passes through the loop formed by the vertical needle, one thread
crossing the other at each stitch, consequently producing a stitch on each side
of the fabric alike.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF TRANSFER PRINTING AND ORNAMENTING ON GLASS AND OTHER TRANSPARENT SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Dolby and John Gates at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
4th October 1858.
We, RICHARD DOLBY and JOHN GATES, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Enamellers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF TRANSFER PRINTING AND ORNAMENTING ON GLASS AND
OTHER TRANSPARENT SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
We take a composition of boiled linseed oil and lampblack, or other
colouring ingredient, and transfer it to the glass or other transparent substance,
after which we coat it over with an enamel, cement, or other hardening
material. By this process the figures or characters are better developed, and
they are produced much cheaper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING OR CLOSING JARS AND BOTTLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Augustus Frederick Powell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th October 1858.
I, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS FREDERICK POWELL, of Bristol, in the County of
Somersetshire, Potter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING OR CLOSING JARS AND BOTTLES," to be as
follows:-
I form the stopper with a shoulder on its under side which fits on to
a corresponding seat within the neck of the jar or bottle, an interposed
washer of india-rubber or other suitable elastic material making an air and
water-tight joint when the stopper is pressed home. On the upper surface of
the stopper there are two grooves at right angles to each other for the reception
of a string or wires, which being passed round the neck of the jar or bottle and
tied over the stopper secures it tightly in its place.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF MACHINE-MADE MALLEABLE IRON NAILS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Wright at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March 1858.
-A communication.
I, JAMES WRIGHT, of 10, Alfred Place, Newington Causeway, Southwark,
County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF MACHINE-MADE MALLEABLE
IRON NAILS," a communication, to be as follows:-
Machine-made malleable iron nails as at present made from cold metal
are in many cases of small value, from the want of toughness and flexibility,
as well as the bluntness of their points. In order to obviate these, I propose
immediately after the nail is formed by the machine to point them by the
hand, or by another machine, and then to anneal them. I effect the annealing
process by placing the nails on a plate or oven which is raised to a high
temperature, and then gradually cooled, or by causing it to traverse from a
highly heated part to a cooler one. The nails I then find are equal to the
best hand-made nails.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EMBROIDERING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Madders and John
Waddington at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th December 1858.
We, WILLIAM MADDERS and JOHN WADDINGTON, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Embroiderers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
EMBROIDERING WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
In the ordinary embroidering machines, where stilettoes are used to pierce
the holes in the fabric, the said holes have been heretofore made all of the
same size on account of all the stilettoes having been forced the same
distance through the fabric, instead of which we make the holes of different
sizes according to the required design, which we accomplish by fixing two
or more stops or catches on the frame of the machine or other suitable
arrangement, so as to stop the carriage at any stated point, or to regulate
the distance it must move, and thus also regulate the distance the stilettoes
must pierce the fabric; the said stilettoes being of a conical shape, it is
evident the farther they are forced through the fabric, the larger the holes
will be, and vice versa.
AN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR A CHURN OR FOR A WASHING MACHINE
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Williams at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th August
1858.
I, THOMAS WILLIAMS, of Aberdaron, in the County of Carnarvon, North
Wales, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN APPARATUS TO BE USED FOR A CHURN OR FOR A WASHING MACHINE," to be as
follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention, which has reference to an apparatus which may be employed
either for a churn or a washing machine, consists in the construction and
employment for the above purposes of a cylindrical or conical vessel or
chamber, furnished with a vertical shaft or spindle which is mounted in
suitable bearings, and fitted with open framework beaters or stirrers, to which
a lateral, alternating, or rotatory movement is given by the employment of
a link motion attached horizontally to the said spindle, which is driven direct
from a crank action through the intervention of a connecting rod and fly wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS APPLICABLE TO SIZING, DRESSING, CALENDERING, AND SQUEEZING MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harrison at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th November
1858.
I, JOHN HARRISON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ROLLERS APPLICABLE TO SIZING, DRESSING, CALENDERING, AND SQUEEZING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
In sizing and dressing machines it has hitherto been customary to make the
roller in the size box of copper, wood, or iron. Now, my Invention consists
in making this roller of slate, marble, or stone, thereby rendering it cheaper,
more durable, and easier to keep clean. When my improved rollers are
applied to calendering and squeezing machines, they are used in place of the
rollers hitherto made of brass, wood, or paper.
My Invention may also be modified by covering iron or other rollers with
cement or artificial stone.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LAYING SUBMARINE TELEGRAPHIC CABLES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Samuels at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th July 1858.
I, SAMUEL SAMUELS, of New York, in the United States of America, Master
Mariner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LAYING SUBMARINE TELEGRAPHIC CABLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in laying submarine telegraphic cables
consists in passing the cable from the ship into the water through some
convenient opening made in the ship at or near the centre of the vessel
instead of from over the stern. As the centre of the ship is the point where
there will be the least motion from the pitching or rocking of the vessel, it
will be evident that there will be less strain on the cable if payed out from
a central part than if delivered at the stern or quarter. In carrying out my
Invention I propose to pass the cable from the deck down an inclined metal
or other pipe or way extending from the deck or some other convenient part
of the vessel to a hole or opening made in the bottom near the keel. This
tube or' way is to be 'provided at top and bottom with antifriction rollers or
wheels to prevent the friction from impeding the paying-out of the cable.
Any convenient arrangement of apparatus may be employed for regulating
the paying out. As a modification of the above, the cable might be delivered
through a pipe or other suitable analogous contrivance placed at either side
of the ship near amidships, but I consider that it is preferable to deliver it
through a hole made in the bottom, as above mentioned.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF LEATHER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine François Mennons
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 26th November 1858.-A communication from a French Subject
residing at Civita Vecchia.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British & Foreign Patent
Offices, 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF
LEATHER," a communication, to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention, communicated to me, is, the production of a
semi-transparent leather, susceptible of many of the applications of ivory, horn,
whalebone, and analogous materials. To attain this end, the raw hides are
soaked in a solution of lime, to remove the hair and extraneous matter; they
are afterwards submitted to intense pressure, which, in condensing the pores,
gives to the skin a degree of hardness, transparency, and elasticity, hitherto
unattained by any of the known processes.
A VEHICLE FOR LAMPLIGHTERS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Allnutt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st July.
1858.
I, HENRY ALLNUTT, of the Estates Gazette Office, 77, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A VEHICLE FOR LAMPLIGHTERS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate and expedite the lighting,
extinguishing, and tending of the public lamps, and to dispense with ladders
for such purposes. The Invention consists in constructing a vehicle in such
manner that a person stationed thereon may readily and conveniently get at
the lamps (for the aforesaid purposes), when driven alongside them. The
vehicle consists of a stage, platform, or standing place, mounted at such a
height on a carriage, travelling frame, or support, that a person placed on it
may easily reach the lamps. The carriage, frame, or support is carried on
wheels, and provided with draught arrangements for horse traction. The
stage or platform should be suitably fenced, or have a rail or appliance for
steadying the lamplighter, and should be so fitted as to yield and shift laterally
or project more or less sidewise, as desired. The vehicle may be driven rapidly
along the sides of the thoroughfare, and the lighter expeditiously light,
extinguish, and attend to the lamps.
A NEW METHOD OF FIXING PASTEL PICTURES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jozé Luis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th September
1858. A communication.
I, JOZE LUIS, Patent Agent, of No. 1" Welbeck Street, Cavendish Sqro.,
London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW METHOD OF FIXING PASTEL PICTURES," (a communication
to me from a foreigner residing abroad), to be as follows:-
The pastel picture is executed in the ordinary manner, care being taken
not to use unpasted paper, the thick printing paper for copperplates being
best.
On a smooth marble or wood slab a layer of almost liquid silicate of potash
or natron, about one-fifth of an inch in thickness, is spread in proportion to the
size of the picture.
The back of the pastel picture is then placed upon the silicate surface, so
that the liquid may be absorbed through the back of the paper. When the
picture is well saturated it is held so that the superfluous liquid may run off,
after that the picture must be placed upon a paper to dry.
This operation is repeated & the picture is completely fixed. The above
proceeding can also be applied to paperhanging of rooms & decorations of
churches & theaters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS, TAPS, AND OTHER APPARATUSES FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF FLUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
October 1858. A communication from P. J. Guyet, of Paris.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Editor of the "Mechanics' Magazine," and Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS,
TAPS, AND OTHER APPARATUSES FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF FLUIDS," (a com-
munication from P. J. Guyet, of Paris), to be as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are so to construct cocks, taps, and other
apparatuses for regulating the flow of fluids that their flow may be instanta-
neously permitted or intercepted, that the joints may be always fluid-tight, that
the expansion and contraction of the apparatuses from varying temperatures,
changes of position, &c., may be provided for, and that certain of the parts may
be permitted to incline themselves to each other without injuring the action of
the apparatuses; and the Invention consists of certain methods of applying
india-rubber in the construction of such apparatuses. In fitting, for example, the
feed pipe connections between a tender and a locomotive, I employ two cylin-
drical chambers, in which hollow cylinders of vulcanized india-rubber are placed,
and fixed by means of end collars screwed to the chambers. These collars aro
tapering or conical, to allow for the play in all directions of a connecting piece
of pipe which slides into and is tightly clasped by the hollow india-rubber

page_text: cylinders. The flow of fluid through the pipes is permitted or intercepted at
will by excentric or cam cocks or valves worked by spindles which step in one
side of the chambers and pass through vulcanized india-rubber rings com-
pressed by screwed collars in the other side. A pipe communicating with the
upper part of the boiler passes through one of the india-rubber cylinders, and
then through an india-rubber packing on one side of one of the chambers, in
like manner to the spindles of the cocks or valves.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Thomson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th November
1858.
I, DAVID THOMSON, of Old Brompton, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR RAISING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
I construct a wheel somewhat resembling an over-shot water wheel, but
with each bucket covered over throughout the greater part of its length,
leaving only a mouth open for the entrance and exit of the water. These
buckets descend into the water as the wheel revolves, and come up full of
water or nearly so. At the upper part of the wheel the water is discharged
into a trough which is placed to receive it. Holes or passages may be made
for ventilating the buckets or allowing the air to escape and enter as the water
flows in and out. The wheel may be made to discharge at the circumference,
or at the side, or at both sides, as may be desired. When variations occur in
the level of the liquid to be raised, the wheel is mounted on a shaft, which can
be raised and lowered while still remaining in geer with the driving pinion or
other driving apparatus, and the receiving trough may also be raised and
lowered when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SEWERAGE AND OTHER POLLUTED LIQUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Alexander Manning at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th January 1858.
Ì, JAMES ALEXANDER MANNING, of the Inner Temple, in the County of
Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention. for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SEWERAGE AND OTHER POLLUTED LIQUIDS,"
to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the application and use of the refuse still liquors
obtained in the manufacture of chlorine for the preparation of bleaching
powder, consisting of the chlorides of manganese and iron, and resulting from
the action of muriatic acid upon manganese ores in and for the deodirization
and clarification of sewerage and other polluted liquids. This new application
and use is available either in itself alone, or in combination with other refuse
substances. By means of this Invention, not only is the sewerage matter
clarified and the solid matter therein left available for the purposes of
manure, but the sewerage is in addition rendered unobjectionable and
innocuous in its application to the purposes of irrigation.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING IRON, OR A COMBINATION OF IRON AND OTHER SUBSTANCES TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHURCHES AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander James Beresford
Beresford Hope and William Slater at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th June 1858.
We, ALEXANDER JAMES BERESFORD BERESFORD HOPE, of Arklow House,
Connaught Place, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, and M.P., and
WILLIAM SLATER, of Carlton Chambers, Regent Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING IRON, OR A COMBINATION OF IRON AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHURCHES AND OTHER BUILDINGS,"
to be as follows:-
The first improvement consists of certain modes of constructing the walls
and roofs of churches so as to obtain means of erecting or removing the same
in a simple and expeditious manner, and at a comparatively small expense.
The second improvement consists in the ready and simple means of
increasing the accommodation of the church or other building by the addition
of one or more bays to the length of the same.
The third improvement consists in the small weight of materials used in
the construction, and the consequent facility and cheapness of carriage and
transport by land or sea.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Giesbers at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th Sep-
tember 1858.
I, FREDERICK GIESBERS, of the Great Central Gas Works, Bow Common,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacturo of coke.
For theso purposes peat is employed, which, when dry, is saturated with coal
tar or pitch, or Trinidad pitch. The peat thus saturated is first subjected to
a moderate heat, (say, from 7 to 800° of Fahrenheit,) in suitable retorts or ovens
for some length of time, and then increasing the heat up to a low coking heat,
by which the mass is converted into coke.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SCREW PROPELLER, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO THE RAISING OF FLUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Browne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th March
1858.
I, PATRICK BROWNE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE SCREW PROPELLER, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO THE RAISING OF FLUIDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of the
blades of screw propellers, and to an improved form of bearing for propeller
shafts.
According to this Invention four blades are used, two of which are capable
of being brought in a line with the other two, thus forming two blades only,
or of being separated so as to form four distinct blades, according to the amount
of work to be done. According to one modification, two of the blades are
convex, and the other two are concave and of a coarser pitch, and are attached
to the back of the convex blades by means of a suitable coupling. These
blades are so arranged that they may be worked either at right angles to
each other, or in any other angle desired.
By placing these blades in a horizontal position they will be found to be
admirably adapted to the raising of fluids.
In order to diminish the wear and tear of the propeller shaft, the brass in
the first bearing and pedestal is made to move slightly both vertically and
in a lateral direction by means of a universal joint arrangement; blades

page_text: of different curves will be required to be variously combined to suit different
modifications and shapes of vessels. Several combinations of blades may be
employed, thus convex and concave blades may be coupled together, or convex
blades may be coupled with flat blades, or convex blades with other convex
blades, as found most desirable.
The advantages derived from this Invention are increased speed, reduction
in the wear and tear of the propeller shaft, and a diminution of the loss of
power arising from "slip" by means of flanges fixed at different angles to the
blades, which are to be removed in the raising of fluids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RETORTS FOR GENERATING ILLUMINATING GAS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd November 1858.-A communication.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RETORTS
FOR GENERATING ILLUMINATING GAS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of upright retort, which
presents a very large internal heated surface, so arranged as to cause the fluid
substance from which the gas is to be generated to be received on a portion of
the surface of the retort that is but moderately heated, and to be conveyed
gradually from the coolest to the hottest part of the retort, thereby preventing
the distillation of the gas-making material into volatile oil, and preventing in
a great degree its carbonization on the surface of the retort. For this purpose
the retort is fitted with a helical or screw-like column, having a central tube
in which are lateral openings between the threads of the column; a case or
cover fits closely to and around the peripherical surfaces of these threads,
and combines with the column to make a helical passage. The column is
supported upon feet which rest on the bottom of the retort; and the case or
cover has an opening or openings between it and the bottom of the retort. In
the cover of the retort an opening is made and fitted with a lid, which is sealed

page_text: or luted with fusible alloy, but which can be taken off to admit air to the
retort, to burn out any residuary matters which may be deposited on the
interior surfaces of the retort in the gas-making process, thereby obviating
the necessity of removing the entire head or cover of the retort.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN SHIRT AND OTHER COLLARS
Year: 1858

page_text: rovisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Morris at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th June
1858.
I, GEORGE MORRIS, of Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex, Hosier,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN SHIRT AND OTHER COLLARS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in making the band of the collar longer, so as to
project at both ends beyond the flap or fold, and in cutting or forming a slit
or slits in the direction of the length of the band in each of the projecting
ends of the band. When on the neck these slits come opposite to each
other, and are intended for the reception of a ribbon, tic, scarf or other cravat.
The tie is passed through the slits and made into a bow, knot, or other
fastening, without being passed round the neck.
AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING VALVE FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Day at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th May 1858.
I, GEORGE DAY, of the Parish of Old Saint Pancras, in the County of
Middlesex, Coppersmith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING VALVE FOR REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS," to
be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in the adaptation of the ordinary spindle valve
to the purpose of regulating the flow of water or other liquids, by adding
thereto the common floating ball or an inverted basin.
The spindle valve consists of a pipe or tube, within which is fixed centrally
a short tube to guide the spindle working within it. On the under side of
the seat is attached a connecting piece, and on one side of the pipe a bracket
for affixing the end of the float lever, being the fulcran on which it works,
and on the other side of the pipe is a slotted guide piece to regulate the equal
rising and falling of the lever, and which acts on the seat or valve by its being"
fastened thereto by the connecting piece underneath; the lever may terminate
in the common floating ball, or be in form of a basin, which being inverted
on the liquid is kept floating by the contained air.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF MAKING STRAIGHT OR CIRCULAR COMBS FOR FLAX, WOOL, OR SILK MACHINERY
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Richards Harding at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
August 1858.
I, THOMAS RICHARDS HARDING, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF MAKING STRAIGHT OR CIRCULAR COMBS FOR FLAX, WOOL, OR SILK
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the method of making straight or circular
combs for flax, wool, or silk machinery, consists, in the first place, in using a
description of morticing head, or the drilling spindle and the head itself,
connected with the dividing head or other dividing apparatus in such a
manner that the morticing tool shall exactly coincide with the holes previously
made by the drill and the dividing head, so that by pressure the holes may be
formed of the shape of the pins, which may be flat, or otherwise.
My Invention consists, secondly, in driving such pins into circular or other
combs in such a manner that the combs shall retain their primitive shape.
This I produce by a peculiar driving tool, siniilar in some respects to a
morticing machine, the punch of which is brought on to one or more pins at

page_text: a time, and forces them down into their places. In order to keep the combs
in form, I apply sustaining plates to hold up the combs while the pins are
being driven into their places.. These plates can be varied in their position
so as to counteract any deviation that would be produced in the combs.
AN APPARATUS FOR PRINTING WITH DIFFERENT COLOURS THREAD TO BE APPLIED TO THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st December 1858.-A communication from Adolphe Lequint, residing
at Amiens, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
APPARATUS FOR PRINTING WITH DIFFERENT COLOURS THREAD TO BE APPLIED TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS," a communication from Adolphe
Lequint, residing at Amiens, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
The threads of wool, silk, or cotton to be coloured are rolled upon bobbins,
and a certain number of them is placed upon a bobbin holder, from which the
threads pass through a comb divided according to the number of threads to be
coloured at the same time.
Immediately behind the comb are fixed two rollers, which press upon the
threads and conducts them between two cylinders, one of which, the printing
cylinder, bears the design to be reproduced, and the other serves as printing
table. This last-mentioned cylinder receives its motion by means of a pinion,
mounted upon the shaft of the main pulley of the machine, and communicates
it to the printing cylinder, which in its turn transmits it to two rollers, which
feed the cylinder with colours.
After leaving the cylinders, the threads are conducted upon a reel, the
motion of which is regulated according to the speed of the machine.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF BRIDGES AND GIRDERS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clay at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th August
1858.
I, WILLIAM CLAY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Iron and Steel
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF BRIDGES AND
GIRDERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the construction of certain descriptions
of bridges and girders consists in the application of wrought steel to the con-
struction of girders and bridges of those kinds for which wrought iron has
been hitherto employed. I use plates of steel, either plain or corrugated,
and bars of any suitable section, according to the form of girder or bridge to
be constructed.
From the great strength, rigidity, and tenacity of wrought steel, and also in
consequence of its resistance to compression, great additional strength and
stiffness are obtained, together with a considerable decrease in the weight of
the structure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE OR FURNACE BARS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Tooth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
November 1858.
I, WILLIAM HENRY TOOTH, of Lampeter Street, Islington, County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE OR FURNACE
BARS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My object is to obtain within any given amount of space a greater area
for the admission of air to the fires of ordinary furnaces than can be obtained
with bars as at present constructed. To effect this, I form two or more
longitudinal pieces, similar in shape to an ordinary fire or furnace bar, and
arrange them at suitable distances apart, having between them a number of
cross pieces, so as to form a series of air spaces; the whole is cast in one
piece, and when finished, the upper surface of the bar resembles a grating;
the dimensions vary according as required. Preferably, I form the longi-
tudinal and connecting cross bars so as to be of a wedge section, transversely
tapering towards the bottom, so that the air spaces having a larger area at
bottom than top, will allow the ashes and cinders to fall freely into the ash-pit,
and prevent the formation of "clinker." The partitions or cross pieces
between the longitudinal bars may make any angle with the latter, and by
increasing the number of longitudinal bars, two or more rows of cross pieces
may be introduced, the cross pieces being either in a line, or forming an angle
with each other.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF CONSTRUCTING FURNACES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WROUGHT IRON AND STEEL, AND MANUFACTURING SUCH METALS INTO INGOTS AND OTHER FORMS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hassalwood Carmont
and William Corbett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 16th December 1858.
We, WILLIAM HASSALWOOD CARMONT, of No. 2, Rosamond Place, Upper
Brook Street, Manchester, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Iron Manu-
facturer, and WILLIAM CORBETT, of No. 22, Blantyre Street, Chester Road,
Manchester, aforesaid, Iron Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF CONSTRUCTING FURNACES FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF WROUGHT IRON AND STEEL, AND MANUFACTURING SUCH METALS
INTO INGOTS AND OTHER FORMS," to be as follows:-
The construction of furnaces.-The flues being so constructed as to rise
perpendicular from the grate, carrying off all the deleterious gasses generated
in the process of manufacture, and preventing such deleterious gasses coming in
contact or becoming incorporated with the metals so manufactured, which
furnaces so constructed causes the heat powerfully to reflect and reverborate
upon the metals, at the same time preventing all flame or smoke passing over
or coming in contact with the metals whilst in an heated or smelting state, or
or in a state of fusion.