Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Spiral Mouldings.
Year: 1894

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Spiral Mouldings.
I WILLIAM OSMENT of Sanford House Clapton in the County of Middlesex
Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide a simple but extremely efficient
apparatus for producing spiral mouldings on cylindrical or other articles such for
example as balusters with very great rapidity and exactitude and these spiral
mouldings can be extremely simple and small or shallow or elaborate and large or
deep as may be desired and can extend when required along the whole lengths of
the articles or along so much of such lengths as may be necessary or convenient.
To carry out this object I make a table of the desired length and breadth it may
be somewhat similar to that of an ordinary lathe and on the two ends of this table
are fitted the customary chucks or other appliances between and on which the
article to be treated can be secured it may be parallel with the top of the table and
by which such article can be rotated at the desired speed in either direction. On
the top of the table between these two appliances is mounted a suitable slide rest
which can be caused to travel along such table in either direction by a screwed rod
which passes along this table and engages such slide rest. Suitable tooth wheels
or other gearing with fast and loose pulleys are provided through which the head
stock or chuck or other appliance and the screwed rod can be rotated at the desired
speeds in the desired directions by steam or other convenient power.
One of the cutting tools that I use in this apparatus is a fixed tool of the proper
shape to produce the desired moulding which tool is secured in or on the slide rest
in the desired position in respect of the article to be treated at the necessary angle
with the line of such article and opposite thereto is fitted on the slide rest a block
or bearing which can support this article against this cutting tool. Therefore when
this cutting tool is forced transversely in or by the slide rest against and into the
surface of the article to the desired depth and this article is rotated and the slide
rest travels along the table the desired spiral moulding is produced on such
article.
Another of the cutting tools that I use in this apparatus is a revolving tool also
of the proper shape to produce the desired moulding which tool consists of a spindle
with an enlarged conical head one side whereof is cut away and made a flat plane
surface Leing at the desired angle with the line of the article to be treated and on
this flat plane surface the cutting blade is secured. The spindle is mounted in
bearings on the slide rest at right angles or thereabouts to the line of the article
with such pulleys or the like as may be necessary or convenient to cause it to he
rotated from and through a long overhead roller or pulley or in other manner this
spindle can be rotated whatever may be the position of the slide rest on the table.
Any other usual and suitable revolving cutting tool may also be used as may be
convenient. Another block or bearing can conveniently be fitted on the slide rest
opposite to this tool in such manner that it can be pressed down on the article and
hold the same against the cutting tool. Therefore also when this cutting tool is
forced into the surface of the article in similar manner and this tool is rotated as

page_text: also is the article and the slide rest travels along the table the desired spiral
moulding is produced on such article.
Dated this 4th dox of December 1804
HART & Co.,
186, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Spiral Mouldings.
I WILLIAM OSMENT of Sanford House Clapton in the County of Middlesex
Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
The object of this my invention is to provide a very simple but extremely efficient
apparatus for producing and creating spiral mouldings on cylindrical and other
articles such for example as balusters with very great rapidity and exactitude and
these spiral mouldings so produced and created can be extremely simple and small
or shallow or can be as elaborate and large or deep as may in each case be desirable
or expedient and they can extend when required along the whole lengths of the
articles or along so much of such lengths as may in each case be necessary or
convenient.
In order the more clearly to explain this my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I refer to the accompanying drawing wherein I have shewn
very suitable and convenient forms and styles of construction and arrangement of
my apparatus and of the several parts thereof.
Figure 1 is an end elevation Figure 2 is a side elevation and Figure 3 is a plan
of the apparatus according to one style of fitment and Figure 4 is an elevation of
the operating part of the same.
A table A is made of the desired length and breadth and it may be of a style
somewhat similar to that of an ordinary lathe and at or near the two ends of this
table A are fitted the customary chucks B and B or any other ordinary appliances
between and on which the article Z that is to be treated can be held and secured it
may be parallel with the top of the table A and the desired distance off and above
the same and one of these chucks B is so made or is fitted with such ordinary devices
in any usual manner that it can cause such article Z to rotate on its axis with such
chuck B. On the top of the table A between the two chucks B and B and
transversely across the same is mounted in any usual manner a suitable slide re-t C
which can be caused to travel along such table A in either direction by a screwed
rod I mounted by the side of this table A which can be caused in the unal
manner to engage such slide rest C when the same has been duly placed in its
desed position by a pinion acting on a rack D' as is customary. Suitable toothed
wheels E or other ordinary gearing with fast and lou-e pulleys or the like together
with any usual applanes whereby any particular part can be thrown out of gear
are provided through and by means of which the head stork or chuck B and the
screwed rod D can by steam or other convenient power be rotated by a band or
bands or otherwise at the desired speeds and in the desired directions when so
required and can be stopped and held also when so required.
On one end of the slide rest. C at one side of the table A and of the article Z is
erected a suitable standard G and in or by the lower part thereof can be held at the
proper elevation an adjustable lower bearing block F as is shewn in Figure 4 which
supports the article Z and whereon the same can rotate. An upper bearing
blck I can also be provided when necessary which is held by one arm of a rocking
lever K pivoted by a pin in one of a series of holes Ginade therefor in the
stanu G so that it can be adapted to and for articles Z of differing diameters and

page_text: to the other ar n of the rocking lever K can be connected by a cord K' passing
over a pulley at the top of the standard G a weight K2 or by other ordinary devices
the upper bearing block H can when desired be pressed down on the article Z
whereby the same is very securely held and retained between these two bearing
blocks F and II and can truly and properly rotate therein.
On the other end of the slide rest Cat the other side of the table A and of the
article Z is carried the cutting tool by which the desired moulding is produced and
created.
One of the cutting tools that I use in this apparatus is a revoluble tool as
is shewn in these Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
This tool consists of a spindle L whereon may be formed in the customary
manner a conical head one side whereof is cut away and made a flat plane surface
at the desired angle with the line of the spindle and on this flat plane surface is
secured the blade the cutting edge whereof is of the proper shape and contour to
produce and create the desirel moulding or in any other usual and suitable
manner a revoluble cutting tool can be formed by or secured on this spindle L.
The spindle L is mounted in suitable bearings M erected on a platform T which can
slide on the slide rest C transversely to the line of the table A and of the article Z
which platform T can be operated as is customary by a screwed rod V and
a pulley L or pulleys or the like as may be necessary or convenient can be fittel
on the spindle L to cause it to be rotated by a band or bands or otherwise from and
through a long overhead roller or pulley at the desired speed and in the desired
direction or in any other usual and appropriate manner this spindle L can be
rotated whatever may be the position of the slide rest C on the table A or of the
platform T on the slide rest C.
The action of this apparatus and the method of operating and using the same are
as follows.
The article Z that is to be treated is properly secured between and on the two
chucks B and B resting on the bearing block F and the upper bearing block H is
also preferably used and pressed down on the same as the revoluble cutting tool
produces the best results when on a level with the axis of such article Z to treat the
side thereof and the proper cutting tool is used and if so fitted is secured on
the spindle L and then the slide rest C is placed in the proper position in the length
of the table A and engaged on the screwed rod D and the platform T is caused to
slide on the slide rest Cuntil it has forced the cutting tool against and into the
surface of the article Z to the desired depth. The head stock or chuck B the
screwed rod D and the spindle L are then rotated at their several desired speeds
and in their several desired directions whereby the article Z is rotated as also is the
cutting tool while the slide rest C travels along the table A and thus the desired
spiral moulding is produced and created on such article Z to such a length along the
same as may in each particular case be required.
Another of the cutting tools that I use in this apparatus is a fixed tool and
Figure 6 is a rear elevation and Figure 7 is a side elevation of a very suitable and
convenient holder thereof and Figure 8 is a plan of the same with a tool in position
all on an enlarged scale.
A bracket or holder P is secured on the sliding platform T hereinbefore described
instead of the bearings M and on the top of such holder P can be rigidly held by
a plate Q at the desired angle with the line of the article Z that is to be treated a
tool R the cutting elge whereof is of the proper shape and contour to produce and
crea e the desired mouling and in this cast the upper bearing block H herein-
before described is generally not required and is preferably dispensed with as the
fixed cutting tool produces the best results when elevated above the axis of such
article Z to treat the upper part thereof.
Therefore in this case also when in manner as is herein before described the fixed
catting to has been forced against and into the surface of the article that is to
be treated to the desired depth and this article is rotated while the slide rest
travels along the table the desired spiral moulding is produced and created on such

page_text: article to such a length along the same as may in each particular case be
required.
It may frequently be desirable to produce and create two or more threads of and
in this spiral moulding and I shew in the drawing a convenient method of and
means for ensuring that these threads shall be properly spaced and shall be at
the desired distances from each other. The head stock or chuck B is provided with
a flat circular and recessed head B' transverse to the line of such chuck B in the
periphery of which recessed head B is made an hole in any desired position and
in the recess of this head B₁ can be placed a circular disc N whereof Figure 5
shews a front elevation and a side elevation to which disc N can be fitted the
ordinary devices by which the article Z is held and is connected with and can be
rotated with the head stock or chuck B. In the periphery of this disc N are made
a number of holes N¹ corresponding it may be with the number of threads that
are to be produced and created of and in the spiral moulding which holes N¹ are
accurately spaced on such periphery and into one of these holes N¹ a pin N² can
be screwed or otherwise passed through the aforesaid hole in the periphery of the
recessed head B¹ whereby the disc N is securely retained in this position. There-
lore when one spiral thread has been produced and created on the article in manner
as is herein before described and the cutting tool has been retired the pin N2 can
also be retired and the disc N with the article Z can be rotated until the pin N
can enter the next or other desired hole N¹ and then the next or other desired
spiral thread can be similarly produced and created and so on and all these spiral
threads must be and are at the proper distances from each other as are the holes N'.
The holes can likewise when desired be made in the faces of the recessed head B¹
and of the disc N near their peripheries in the same manner and with the same
consequences.
I have thus described and I have shewn in the accompanying drawing as is
herein before stated very suitable and convenient forms and styles of construction
and arrangement of my apparatus and of the several parts thereof but I would
have it clearly understood as indeed is sufficiently obvious that I do in no wise
limit myself exactly and precisely thereto for the table and the chucks thereon
the slide rest and the bearing block or blocks thereon the cutting tool and the
actuating and supporting and holding appliances thereof can be made and fitted
and arranged in any customary manner as may be convenient and desirable in each
particular case and such ordinary actuating and connecting and disconnecting
appliances can be provided as will cause the rotating and moving parts of this
apparatus to rotate and move at the desired speeds and in the desired directions
when so required and will stop and hold the same or any of them in any position or
positions also when so required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In apparatus for producing spiral mouldings the combination with a table A
and two chucks B and B fitted on such table A of a slide rest C mounted on the
table A one or two adjustable bearing blocks F and I fitted on the one end of the
slide rest C and a revoluble cutting tool L adjustably mounted on the other end
of the slide rest C means being provided whereby the chuck B and the cutting
tool can be rotated and the slide rest C caused to travel along the table A
substantially as hereinbefore described and set forth.
2. In apparatus for producing spiral mouldings the combination with a table A
and two chucks B and B2 fitted on such table A of a slide rest C mounted on the
table A an adjustable bearing block F fitted on the one end of the slide rest C and
a fixed cutting tool R adjustably mounted on the other end of the slide rest C
means being provided whereby the chuck B can be rotated and the slide rest C
caused to travel along the table A substantially as hereinbefore described and set
forth.

page_text: 3. The apparatus for producing spiral mouldings substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 29th day of August 1895.
HART & Co.,
168, late 186, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Agents.