IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
POOLE, of Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of August, in the eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Moses Poole, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make;
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," communicated to me
by a certain Foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that I, the said Moses Poole, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Moses Poole, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described

page_text: and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:
The Invention of "Improvements in Pumps" consists in a peculiar arrange-
ment of valves, and also placing the valves in a case or chamber separate from
the body of the pump. It is generally found that when a pump gets out of
order it arises from some defects in the valves, and with the ordinary construc-
tion of pumps it is necessary to take them to pieces in order to remedy a
defect in the valves. Now by this Invention that difficulty will be got rid of,
and the condition of the valves may be at all times known. But in order that
the Invention may be more fully understood, I will proceed to describe the
Drawing hereunto annexed, in which the same letters indicate the same
parts wherever they occur.
Figure 1 is a side view in section, and Figure 2 a plan of a pump having
the improvement applied thereto.
Figure 3 is a section, and Figure 4 plan, of a pump to be used as a fire
engine.
Figure 5 is a lateral elevation in section of an exhausting pump.
Figure 6 is a lateral elevation in section of a steam-engine pump. These
different pumps have all the new arrangements of valves applied thereto.
A, is the body of the pump, having the tubes and places for the valves formed
in one piece. B is the piston, & B' at Figure 6 is a plunger acting as a
piston. C is the piston rod. D is the stuffing box screwed into the cross
piece E at the upper part of the body of the pump. F is a plate adjusted
with screws to the lower part of the body of the pump. G are projections by
which the body of the pump may be fixed to the wall or to any place where
it may be required to be fixed. I is the place for the valves, so arranged
that their working may be readily seen through a glass K placed at the side
of the valve chamber, and fixed by a bolt L, which may be readily removed
without interfering with any other part of the pumps at any time when the
valves are out of order. M are partitions upon which the valves rest. N
are the valves, the guides of which are adjusted in grooves so as to be readily
removed when the glass is removed. These valves rest upon projections a
to prevent the passage of dirt. O is the air chamber. P is a piece to which
a pipe may be attached when the pump is to be used as a fire-engine. Q is
the pipe through which the water is raised from below. R, shewn at Figure 3,
is a two-holed tap fixed at the junction of the tubes H, in order that they may
pass the one against the other. In Figure 5, S represents hinged valves
through which the water passes from the body of the pump A into th

page_text: chamber T. The valves X, shewn in Figure 6, differ from the others as they
are made to slide, as will be more clearly understood by examining the Drawing
Figure 10, instead of moving on pins. V, at Figure 6, is a bell crank, by
which these valves are opened and shut. The movement is communicated to the
valves by a rod Z, having a projection at its lower end, as shewn at Figure 11,
which is moved by the falling of the plunger or piston B', which presses
against it, and closing the upper valve opens the lower one, and in ascending
it opens the upper one and closes the lower one.
Figures 7, 8, and 9 shew an arrangement of stuffing box consisting of
pieces y, y, acted upon by the springs x, x. These pieces, it will be seeni,
lie across each other, two upper and two lower ones, and are closed in propor-
tion to the pressure applied to them (they are shown applied at Figure 6).
These pieces y will be found applicable to all descriptions of pumps requiring
stuffing boxes, and may be employed in place of the ordinary stuffing box.
By this new arrangement of pumps the action is continuous as follows:-
Suppose the piston B placed as shewn at Figure 1, in descending the left-hand
upper valve is closed, and the vacuum established in the upper part of the
tube H, the water will rise through the tube Q and open the left-hand lower
valve, and pass into the upper part of the tube II, and of the body of the
pump; but when the piston is raised the water brought up will press down
the lower left-hand valve and open the upper one and pass into the chamber O;
during the time the upper right-hand valve is closed the lower one is open,
and the lower part of the tube H and the body of the pump is filled with
water, which will be forced into the chamber O when the piston descends, and
in this manner the action of the valves is alternative. Thus when the lower
right and the upper left ones are open, the upper left and the lower right are
shut, and vice versa, by which means the pump is always supplied, and the
least movement of the piston produces the desired effects.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the precise details herein described, so long as the character of the
Invention be retained; but what I claim is, the mode of arranging the valves
of pumps and the arrangements for placing them in a chamber separate from
the body of the pump.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
MOSES (L.S.) POOLE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of February,
in the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Moses Poole came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.