CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF BALLING AND BLOOMING IRON
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, GEORGE
ALLARTON, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Surgeon, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal.
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eleventh day of November, in the fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
George Allarton, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said George Allarton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said George Allarton, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF BALLING AND BLOOMING IRON;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso, obliging me, the said George Allarton, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Allarton, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
The
My Improvements in Blooming Iron will be fully understood by the follow-
ing explanation According to the ordinary mode. or inethod of making iron,
as soon as the puddled balls or ball furnace piles are taken from their respective
furnaces, they are subjected to the operation of hammering or squeezing, by
which they are freed from cinder and reduced-to-blooms-slabs as desired.
squeezers generally employed for this purpose consist of a lever worked by a 1
crank or cam attached to-the-machinery. The bedding or, foundation of these
squeezers is effectually secured from lifting up or moving, by various contriv-
ances (which are not essential--for me tor describe), so that in the event of
great resistance, from the iron becoming too cold, or from any other cause
some portion of the machinery must inevitably break occasioning expence and 1
delay. From this liability to breakage the utility of the squeezer is much
lessened, as a sufficient power cannot be obtained without risk....Now' to
remedy this defect, my Invention provides a relief, which enables the machine,
to be so adjusted as to exert any given or required amount of pressure (say
from one hundred to one thousand tons), with perfect Safety and in the. 2
event of a greater resistance occurring than that to which it is adjusted, the
whole machine lifts up from a joint or hinge at the extremity of the bed plate,
and thus prevents any breakage. ༼པཱག,, བཀན། བསཿ ཤ ཏཾ, f;"p*vcke
The advantages to be derived from the Patent Squeezer are these: It
is applicable to all purposes for which the hammer or squeezer is employed; 2
there is great saving of expence in wages and, breakages; the extended length
of lever employed effects a considerable economization of power to the engine,
and it more effectually frees the iron from cinder than any other machine yet
employed. In consequence of the great pressure required, the, motion--is
necessarily slow, which gives an advantage to the workman in turning about his 3
bloom or slab. Tools so constructed as to prevent the iron éluding the grasp
of the squeezer can be used, by which the bloom is sooner. completed, and the
iron may be rolled whilst quite hot.
.
Having thus stated the object and some of the advantages of my Patent, I
shall proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed; which represents side. 3
views in two positions of the machine as now at work, the same letters referring
to the same parts of the machine in both Figures. a is the cast-iron bed plate,"
with a long slot or forked opening in its hinder part, to allow the tail of the
lever b to work up and down through it. Upon this bed plate are fixed two
tandards c, one of which can only be seen in the side elevation. Through 4

page_text: eyes in these, standards a very strong wrought-iron pin-d is "passed, which
-constitutes the-axle or fulcrum-of the lever b. On the bed plate is placed a
carriage or bearing e, for the anvil f to rest upon, and several (say four)
enormous cast-iron-weights 9, 9, of at least five tons each; are also placed to
press the bed down.. At the front part of the bed plate, on each side, there
extends a gudgeon or pin h, held down to the foundation by strong wrought-
iron loops i, bolted to the masonry. These gudgeons h, h, constitute a fulcrum
or hinge joint, on which 'the bed plate may rise as a lever, but do not admit of
its being displaced laterally. In Figure 1 there are represented two pieces of
hot iron or blooms of compressible iron under the jaw of the squeezing lever b,
which lever will, when worked up and down upon its fulcrum piu, compress the
blooms of iron upon the anvil finto the required shape. But when the iron is
in a cold state, as the piece represented under the jaw of the lever b, in Fig. 2,
the incompressibility of the iron in that state prevents the jaws from coming
down upon the anvil. In this case the certain and uniform force applied to and
acting against the tail of the lever, in the ordinary mode of working it, would,
from the resistance of the incompressible piece of iron, cause some part of the
machine to give way or break; but that by the bed itself being permitted,
under this extreme force, to rise, as shewn in Fig. 2, the strain upon the
machine is relieved, and no fracture is likely to take place. I should here
observe that, although I have described the particular machine now at work,
and which has been at work for some months, and has bloomed iron for weeks
in succession at the rate of about one hundred and fifty tons per week, without
the slightest accident or breakage, and without any additional expence to its
original cost, yet I do not intend to restrict myself to the particular form of
lever and its appendages shewn in the Drawing, as that might be varied
without deviation from the principal feature of novelty which constitutes my
Invention; nor do I limit myself to any precise mode of actuating the
compressing lever, either by cam, tappet, or crank, nor to the precise mode or
method of counterbalancing and regulating by weights the amount of pressure
at which the relief shall come into operation; nor to the particular form of
joint or hinge employed to raise the bed upon, provided the object of my
Invention be effected. But that which I do claim as the principle of my
Invention is the means of adapting such machinery to sustain any required
amount of pressure (however great) with perfect safety.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Allarton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-two.
GEORGE (L.S.) ALLARTON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Ninth day of May, in the
year above mentioned, the aforesaid George Allarton came before our Lady the
Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all
and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute in
that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Eleventh day of May, in the year above written.

page_text: En the Matter of a Patent granted to EORGI ALLAKTON, OI
Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Surgeon, for his Invention of
"Certain Improvements in the Method of Balling and Blooming
Iron," bearing date at Westminster, the Eleventh day of November,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-one.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION entered by the
said George Allarton with the Clerk of the Patents of England, pursuant to an
Act passed in the fifth and sixth years of His late Majesty's reign, intituled
"An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for Inventions."
I, the said George Allarton, do hereby declare that since the grant of the
said Letters Patent, upon making further experiments for the purpose of
enabling me more fully to carry my Invention into effect, I have discovered
that my said Improvements are not applicable to balling iron; and I have
accordingly been advised to amend the Title of my said Patent, in order to
render the same valid in law, and consistent with what my Specification will
describe my said Invention to be.
And for the reasons aforesaid, I, the said George Allarton, do hereby disclaim
and omit such part of the Title of my said Patent as relates to the application
of my said Improvements to balling iron (that is to say): I, the said George
Allarton, do hereby make the following Disclaimer and Memorandum of Altera-
tion of part of the Title of my said Patent, and for this reason, viz, in order
to make the same, when such Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration as
aforesaid shall have been entered as aforesaid, consistent with what my Speci-
fication will describe my said Invention to be (that is to say): I disclaim the
words "Balling and," in order that the said Title, when so altered, may
as follows: "Certain Improvements in the Method of Blooming Iron."
read
In witness whereof, I, the said George Allarton, have hereunto set my
hand, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-two.

page_text: To the Clerk of the Patents of England.
This is to certify that George Allarton has applied to me for leave to enter
the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration of part of the
Title of a certain Invention for which Letters Patent were duly granted, under
the Great Seal of England, bearing date at Westminster, the Eleventh day of
November now last past. And on considering of the said application, and no
objection having been made thereto, I have accordingly granted leave to the
said George Allarton to file his said Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration,
'pursuant to the Statute passed in the sixth year of the reign of His late
Majesty, intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for
Inventions."
W. W. FOLLETT.
Inrolled the same Eleventh day of May, in the year above written.