IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE MANGERS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Richard Cottam, of 20, Argyle Square, King's
Cross, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE MANGERS."
Sealed the 12th December 1854, and dated the 7th July 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Richard Cottam
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th July 1854.
I, HENRY RICHARD COTTAM, of 20, Argyle Square, King's Cross, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE MANGERS" to
be as follows:-
It is usual, in attaching a horse to a manger, to have a halter which is
weighted at one end, so that as the horse recedes from the manger the weight
is lifted, and it descends when the horse approaches the manger, the weight
keeping the halter tight at all times. Now, my improvements consist of
employing a guide for the weight, in place of allowing the weight to hang free
and swing. I cause the halter to pass between rollers, either grooved or plain;
and the guide for the weight may be either vertical or inclined.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Richard Cottam in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
RICHARD COTTAM, of 20, Argyle Square, King's Cross, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henry Richard Cottam, Her special licence that I, the said Henry
Richard Cottam, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Henry Richard Cottam, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HORSE MANGERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Henry Richard Cottam, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Richard Cottam, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say):-
It is usual, in attaching a horse to a manger, to have a balter which is
weighted at one end, so that as the horse recedes from the manger the
weight is lifted, and it descends when the horse approaches the manger, the
weight keeping the halter tight at all times. Now, my improvements consist
of employing a guide for the weight, in place of allowing the weight to hang
free and swing. I cause the halter to pass between rollers, either grooved
or plain; and the guide for the weight may be either vertical or inclined.
Having thus stated the nature of the Invention, I will now proceed to
describe the same.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, Sheet No. 1, A is a flat wrought-iron bar, with fork straps or frame,
to contain a roller of brass or iron, over which the collar rein C passes, and
attached to the weight B. The guide bar may be square, oval, or any other
shape, and can be fixed to the manger plate or stall diagonal or vertical. B is
a weight with two holes, one for the collar rein, the other to admit the guide
bar, on which it slides up or down, the internal piece covered with leather
or gutta percha. C is a collar rein, and may be a leather strap, chain, gutta
percha, caouchouc, or any other material. Figure 2, Sheet No. 2, represents
the guide bar, with a rounded hole, and may be bushed with brass, to admit
the collar rein to pass through. Figure 3, Sheet No. 2, represents the guide
bar, fitted with rollers, to form a circular opening for a chain or round collar
rein. Figure 3, A, a similar guide bar, fitted with flat rollers for a strap.
Figure 4, Sheet No. 2, represents a manger, with a curved guide bar A at-
tached to the plate, to prevent the rein or strap from hanging down loose; or
the bar may be attached diagonally to the manger, as shown by the dotted line.
Figure 5, Sheet No. 2, represents the weight working in a cast or wrought
iron case G, which may be either curved or straight, and fixed diagonally or
upright. H, front view of case; J, end view of case; I, the halter weight;
D, D, eyes fixed to manger plate, to support collar rein, and allow it work
through; or the eyes D, D, may be fixed on the most convenient place to
guide the rein; or a common ring may be attached to the front or back of
the plate, or to the back only, for that purpose.
The advantages of this arrangement are,―
Firstly, the taking away of the halter weight from the front of the manger,
and conveying it steadily and noiselessly up and down when attached to the
collar rein.
Secondly, the guide bar, when fixed curved or diagonally, allows the longest
length of rein that may be required.
Thirdly, it can be conveniently introduced into any description of stall and
mangers that may be in use.
Fourthly, rollers may be fixed to the front and back of the manger plate, to
answer the same purpose.
I likewise claim the casting in one piece of corner manger plates, to which
may be attached the manger, rack, and water trough, or manger and rack only.
No. 3, Figure A is a top view of a plate in one piece, with manger, rack, and

page_text: water trough, or a manger and rack only may be attached. Figure B is a
front view of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Richard Cottam, have hereunto set
my, hand and seal, this Thirtieth, day of December, in the year of. our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness.
S. CARPMAEL.
HENRY RICHARD COTTAM. (L.S.).