IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OR RASPING DYE WOODS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clissold, of Dudbridge, in the County of
Gloucester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
CUTTING OR RASPING DYE WOODS."
Sealed the 7th January 1859, and dated the 7th July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clissold at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th July 1858.
I, WILLIAM CLISSOLD, of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY
FOR CUTTING OR RASPING DYE WOODS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of machine, by the use of
which dye woods may be reduced with great expedition to fine particles, and
thereby made to yield up more readily than heretofore their coloring matter.
The block of dye wood to be reduced I set up in a conical or trumpet mouth
case, through which project one, two, or more rotary saws or rasping surfaces,
slots being for that purpose made in the conical case. Above the case I pro-
vide a follower for feeding the wood to the saws, and giving it at the same time
a slow axial motion; the saws being caused to run with rapidity will rasp off
the surface of wood brought under their action, and a constantly changing
surface being presented to the saw teeth, the end of the block of wood will be
quickly reduced to a conical point, which will continue to be maintained until

page_text: the whole of the block is rasped away. The pulverized material as it is
produced will fall through the case into a proper receptacle. In order to
maintain the saws at the same diameter, they may be made of segment pieces
attached to a slotted plate and capable of shifting outwards to compensate for
their wear.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clissold in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th January 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLISSOLD, of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord. One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Clissold, Her special license that I, the said William Clissold,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Clissold, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY
FOR CUTTING OR RASPING DYE WOODS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Clissold, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said L'etters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE,; that I, the said 'William' Clissold, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
In the reduction of dye woods to powder in order to obtain the extract
therefrom, it has hitherto been difficult to prevent the formation of chips which
fall with detached fibres and mix with the dye wood dust. To avoid the waste
of material arising from this cause, and also to facilitate the reduction of dye

page_text: woods to fine particles, is the object of the present Invention, which relates to
a novel construction of rasping machine, wherein the block or log to be reduced
to fine particles is caused to rotate while under the action of the cutting edges,
and thereby to present a constantly varying surface to the action of the rasping
or cutting edges.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shews the improved machine in front
elevation, and Fig. 2 shews the same in side elevation. a, a, is the main
framing, upon which are mounted two circular saws b, b. These saws I prefer
to form of radial segment pieces which are capable of being set forward (as
they are worn away by sharpening) in order to maintain them at the same
diameter. These saws are set in different planes and slightly overlap each
other for the purpose to be presently explained, and their teeth or rasping
surfaces project through slots formed for that purpose in a conical or trumpet
mouthed case c, provided in the centre of the machine to receive and sustain
the log d. This case is itself supported by being firmly attached to the
framing a. Bolted to the upper part of the framing a are standards e, e, over
the face of which moves a follower for feeding the wood to the saws, and giving
it at the same time a slow axial motion while the saws are running with
rapidity in contact with the wood brought under their action. Rotation is
given to the saws b, b, by bevel wheels 6', keyed to their shafts gearing into
bevel wheels on the main driving shaft f, which turns in bracket bearings at
the back of the machine, it being driven by a strap from any first mover passing
round the fixed pulley on the driving shaft f. The frame g of the follower is
supported by a rope h, which passes over a guide pulley at the top of the
standards and down to a barrel i, which is provided with a winch handle for
raising and lowering the follower as required. A click and a ratchet (not
shown) on the barrel axle or other analogous contrivance will serve to prevent
the follower from running down (in the absence of a log) by its own weight.
The face of the standards form a guide for the vertical movements of the
frame g.
In the front of this frame a vertical shaft k is mounted, and on it is
keyed a worm wheel l, into which gears a worm m on a horizontal shaft n,
also carried by the frame g. To this shaft n is keyed a band pulley o, round
which is lapped an endless band p, which passes round a band pulley 2 on the
main driving shaft, and over a guide pulley at the top of the standards. By
this arrangement a slow rotary motion is communicated from the driving shaft
f to the vertical shaft k, which is provided with a forked extension for entering
the end of the log and turning the log slowly round on its own axis. The log
having been set up vertically in the conical or trumpet-mouthed case, and the
follower lower down upon it, as shown in the Drawing, rotary motion is im-

page_text: parted to the machine, and the circular cutters or rasps are thus set into rapid
action; the log slowly revolving at the same time, its lower end will be quickly
reduced to a conical point, which will continue to be maintained until the
whole or nearly the whole of the block is rasped away. The follower is then
to be raised by turning the winch handle, and another block inserted in the
case; the operation may then be proceeded with as before. The pulverized
material will as it is produced fall through the slotted case c into a proper
receptacle, and if the whole of a block is not reduced when pressed down to
the furthest extent by the follower, the next succeeding block will by its descent
force the unrasped fragment into contact with the cutting edges and ensure its
complete reduction. By this mode of treating dye woods they will be found
to yield up more readily and in greater quantity than heretofore, the coloring
matter they contain, the material being reduced to a fine powder of uniform
quality.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improved Machinery
for Cutting or Rasping Dye Woods," and explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part
recited Letters Patent, I claim the combination of parts herein described,
whereby a rotating log or block may be brought under the action of one or
more rotating saws or rasps, and rapidly reduced to fine particles.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clissold, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
WILLIAM CLISSOLD. (L.S.)