Improvements in Shears or Clippers for Shearing Sheep, Cutting Human and other Hair and such like purposes, also in Mechanism for Driving same, and in Apparatus for Holding Sheep when being Sheared.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 12th June, 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shears or Clippers for Shearing Sheep, Cutting
Human and other Hair and such like purposes, also in Mechanism
for Driving same, and in Apparatus for Holding Sheep when
being Sheared.
I GEORGE TWIGG of Moseley Road Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to that class of shears or clippers which have a top and
bottom plate with suitable teeth and which are worked by machinery.
One form of my improved clippers consists in having a shaft secured to a bottom
plate the shaft having a screwed ring on its end to screw into a cup; inside this
cup fits a spindle with a she-cam at one end and a square at the other end.
A flat bar is pivotted to this centre shaft the end of the bar fitting into the she-
cam of the spindle so that the turning of the spindle moves this pivotted flat bar
forward a suitable spring bearing against the bar throwing it back. The top
toothed cutter being attached to this flat bar the action of the bar gives the to and
fro movement of the upper toothed cutter over the lower one.
In the centre of
the bottom plate is fixed a T stud and a plate having a T slot is placed over it,
the front edge of the plate bearing on the teeth where the cut is required, and the
back of the plate having an adjusting screw to regulate the pressure as required
with a lock nut to secure it.
Another form consists of having a hollow shaft carrying a round bar with a cam
on one end and a square on the other, the hollow shaft being fixed to the bottom
cutting plate. To the top plate is fixed a bridge having in it a suitable slot in
which the cam works so that the action of the cam causes the top plate to move to
and fro over the bottom plate. A T stud fixed to the bottom plate passes through
a slot in the top plate and through a T slot in an adjusting plate as before
described. The square at the end of the shafts in both these forms of clippers is
for attaching them to rotary machinery for working them.
When constructing these clippers for cutting human hair I place the shaft at an
angle of about 60 degrees to the plane of the teeth plates.
Another part of my invention refers to hand cutting machines and consists in
forming upon one of the handles a disc projecting towards the teeth of the cutting
plates below it. On the projecting portion of the disc is a T stud to receive a
Tslot in an adjusting plate arranged as before described.
My improved mechanism for causing the rotary motion to drive the machines
consists of an arrangement by which two shears or cutters may be worked with one
action this I effect by forming a frame or stand having a centre pillar carrying
suitable brackets to hold a pair of toothed wheels worked by hand or other power,
a shaft on each side the one wheel being connected with the shaft of a cutter.
For driving hair cutters for hair dresses use, a small bracket may be attached to
the wall carrying a wheel to receive the driving band and two toothed wheels
arranged so that the shaft which they rotate may be at the required angle.
My apparatus for holding the sheep when being sheared consists in constructing
a frame of wood or metal by forming four bars arranged so as to fit together and
form a rectangular frame and four bars to fit into the other bars at the four angles
of the frame so as to form legs or supports.
The bars forming the sides of the frame will have holes through their sides.
cord is then attached to the angles of the frame and laced through the holes across
from side to side so as to form a bed upon which to lay the sheep. At each angle
of the frame an end portion of the cord is left so that it can be wound round the

page_text: limb of the sheep and thus keep it, quiet: whilst being sheared. An apparatus
formed as above described can readily be taken to peices and will the occupy very.
little space.
Dated this 9th day, of September 1892.
HENRY E. TALBOT,
7, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicant..
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shears or Clippers for Shearing Sheep, Cutting
Human and other Hair and' such like purposes, also in Mechanism
for Driving same, and in Apparatus for Holding Sheep when
being Sheared.
I, GEORGE TWIGG of Moseley Road, Birmingham in the County of Warwick;
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this, invention and in what manner
the same is: to. be. performed,, to be particularly described; and ascertainedlin.and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings:-
This invention refers to that class of shears or clippers which have a top and
bottom cutting plate and which may be worked by machinery.
The one form of my improved clippers first described in the Provisional
Specification of this my Patent I wish to abandon, for although it is quite
possible to construct a clipper as there described the expense of manufacture and
the increased power required to work the clipper would prevent it being of value
as an invention.
But I wish to adhere to the other-portions of my. invention referred to in the said
Provisional Specification and which I will now more fully describe with the aid of
the accompanying, drawings, upon which drawings the similar letters and' figures
marked thereon refer to similar parts there represented.
Sheet 1 of the drawings illustrates several forms of clippers made according to
my improvements.
Fig. 1 is a top view and Fig. 2 a section of a clipper suitable for shearing
sheep or other animals, and Fig. 3 a view in perspective, witli the adjusting plate
(for regulating the pressure on the teeth) removed so as to expose to view the
working parts.
.
This form of my improved clippers consists in having a hollow shaft (a) carrying
a round bar (6) with a cam (c) on one end, the other end (d). being of a square or
other angular form, the hollow shaft being fixed to the bottom cutting plate (e) by
the screws (c) passing through the blocks (y). To the top plate (7)is fixed, a
bridge (g) having in it a suitable slot (4) in which the cam (c) works, so that, the
action of the round bar (b) turning causes the cam (c) to press against the sides of
slot (4) and move the top plate (1) to and fro over the bottom plate (e). A
Ti-shaped stud () fixed into the bottom plate (e) passes through a slot (W) in.tlie
top plate (f) and through a T-shaped slot (V) in an adjusting plate (i) The
square (d) at the end of the bar (6) is for attaching it to a rotary machine for
working the clippers. (/) is the ordinary outer sheath.
When constructing the clipper for cutting human hair I place shaft at an
angle of about 60 degrees to the plane of the teeth plates as shewn in Fig. 4:
When it is so placed the cam (c) may work into the top- plate (f) instead, of
into the bridge (9), through the slot (1) shewn in the plan Fig. 5' of the teeth
plates.
Another part of my invention refers to hand cutting machines shewn by. Fig. 6:
It consists in forming upon one of the handles (j) a disc (k) projecting towards, the
teeth of the cutting plates which lie below it, as shewn in dotted lines at (k). On
this projecting portion of the disc is a T-shaped stud (Z) passing through a
T-shaped slot (V), in the adjusting plate (i), and resting upon the bottom
plate (e).

page_text: The front edge (i) of the adjusting plate (i) Figs. 12 & 6, bears upon the teeth
where the cut is required and the back of the plate has an adjusting screw (12) for
regulating the pressure as required.
By this arrangement the adjusting is obtained by the use of but one stud.
The groove (m) in the top cutting plate in which the blocks (y) of the frame fit
at (n) enables a perfectly parallel action of the upper teeth plate over the lower
one to be obtained.
My improved mechanism for producing the rotary motion for driving shears or
clippers consists, firstly,, of an arrangement by which two shears or cutters may be
worked by one action.
This effect by forming a frame or stand Fig. 7 Sheet 2, having a centre
pillar (o) carrying a suitable bracket such as (7) Fig. 8, holding a pair of
toothed wheels (7) and (r) worked by hand or other power, shafts (s) (s) on
each side of the wheel (r) being each connected with the rotating shaft of a
cutter, by any suitable means thus working two shears or cutters by one operation.
Secondly, for driving hair cutters for hair-dressers' use, my improvements
consist in a small bracket Fig. 9 which may be attached to the wall, this
bracket carries a wheel (t) to receive a driving band, and two toothed wheels (g¹)
and () the bracket being placed so that the shaft (u) which the wheels rotate
may be at the required angle. To this rotating shaft (u) is attached a suitable
length (A) of wire cord (by preference) with the rotating shaft of the cutter
attached to the other end thereof, so that the rotating motion of the shaft (u) will
be conveyed to the cutter shaft and cause its teeth to work. The same action may
be obtained by simply attaching the wire cord (A) to the end of a rotary shaft
having upon it a pulley wheel worked by a band, and dispensing with the toothed
wheels. For instance, referring to Fig. 8 the wheel (y) may be dispensed with and
a pulley wheel substituted for the toothed wheel (r) and the arrangement applied
to a standard or a bracket.
My apparatus for holding sheep when being sheared consists in constructing a
frame of metal or wood; Fig. 10 is a top view, Fig. 11 a side view and Fig. 12 an
end view. It consists of two side pieces (D) (D) into which are inserted two end
pieces Fig. 14 and four legs Fig. 13. The bars forming the sides (D) (D') are
pierced with holes (E) (E) (E) through which cord (B) is laced across from side
to side to form a bed upon which to lay the sheep. After the cord is tied to secure
it from slipping the ends (F) are left loose near each angle of the frame so that
when the sheep is laid on the bed these ends can be wound round the limbs of the
sheep and thus keep it quiet whilst being sheared.
A frame constructed as above described can readily be taken to pieces and will
then occupy very little space, but I do not wish to confine myself to constructing
the frame as described, my chief object being, to have a frame upon which cord can
be used as a bedding for and mode of securing the sheep.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In that class of shears or clippers which have a top and bottom cutting plate
and which are worked by machinery, actuating these cutting plates by the use of a
rotating bar within a hollow shaft upon one end of which bar is a cam (c) working
in a slot attached to or within the top cutting plate, and having the other end of
the bar of a square or angular form, substantially as illustrated.
2. In that class of shears or clippers which have a top and bottom cutting plate
and which are worked by hand forming upon one of the handles of the machine a
disc (k) (k) for the purposes set forth.
3. Regulating the pressure upon the cutting plates of shears or clippers whether
worked by machinery or by hand by means of a plate bearing upon the teeth and
capable of adjustment as herein described.
4. The apparatus for producing the rotary motion for driving shears or clippers

page_text: consisting of a stand carrying a driving gear substantially as described and illus-
trated by Figs. 7 & 8 or of a bracket carrying driving gear substantially as
described and illustrated by Fig. 9.
5. A stand or frame supported on legs and having cord laced or twisted thereon
for the purpose of holding sheep when being sheared substantially as herein
set forth and illustrated.
Dated this 0th day of June 1893
HENRY F. TALBOT,
7, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicant.