Improvements in Grinding and Dressing Machines, chiefly designed for Finishing the Cups or Boxes for Cycle Ball Bearings.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 27th Aug.,
1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Grinding and Dressing Machines, chiefly designed
for Finishing the Cups or Boxes for Cycle Ball Bearings.
We, LEWIS EDWARD HARPER, of No. 31, Vernon Street, and RICILARD FRANCIS
Dow, of No. 79, Jefferson Street, both of the City of Hartford, County of Hartford
and State of Connecticut, United States of America, Machinists, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to machines for grinding or dressing metal, the object
being to provide an improved and efficient machine of this character for grinding.
or dressing articles of various shapes with uniform accuracy and finish, said
machine being particularly adapted for finishing inside work of irregular form-
such as the metallic cups or boxes for bicycle bearing-balls.
In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1
is a plan view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the tool mechanism, a portion being in transverse central
section. Fig. 4 is a similar view with the head or table removed, to show the
two auxiliary slides. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view, in plan, of a portion of the
mechanism with the two auxiliary slides removed. Figs. 6 and 7 are perspective
views of the auxiliary slides. Fig. 8 is a bottom plan view of the upper section
of one of the main slides, showing the mechanism contained therein. Fig. 9
is a plan view of the lower portion of the mechanism, showing other parts of the
means for actuating the tool. Fig. 10 is a cross-section taken in the line a―a,
Fig. 3. Fig. 11 is a similar view, the section being taken in the line b-b, Fig. 3.
Figs 12 and 13 are details, in plan and elevation, respectively, of one of the
elements of the tool-actuating mechanism. Figs. 14, 15, 16, and 17 are sectional
elevations showing the work in a chuck and the action of the tool in traversing
a rectangular path. Fig. 18 is a plan view of a pattern or form for causing the
tool to accomplish the work shown in Figs. 14 to 17, inclusive, said views also
illustrating, in transverse section, a guide-pin. Fig. 19 is a side elevation of
said pattern or form with the guide-pin extending therethrough. Fig. 20 is a
sectional elevation of the work and the tool, the latter being in the act of finishing
a curved surface. Fig. 21 is a plan view of the pattern or form for causing the
tool to accomplish the work shown in Fig. 20; and Fig. 22 is a similar view of
a pattern or form to be used for a different kind of work.
Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.
The framework for sustaining the various parts of the machine may be of any
suitable character, it consisting in the present case of the base 2, the standard 3,
rising therefrom, and the longitudinal bed 4, secured to said standard and
supporting the tool and chuck mechanism.
The tool mechanism comprehends, preferably as a part thereof, two adjustable
main slides reciprocatory in transverse planes, the tool being mounted on one of
said slides so that an attendant may move the same toward and from the work.
The two main slides are designated, respectively, by 5 and 6, the slide 6 being

page_text: carried by the slide 5, and the slide 5 being adjustably mounted on the bed 4.
The lower main slide 5 is longitudinally grooved on its under side, as at 7, to
receive the guide or tongue 8, formed on a third slide 9, directly carried by the
bed 4. The slide 9 has a preferably dovetailed groove or slideway 10 to receive
the head 12 of the holding-and-adjusting bolt 13, said bolt passing through an
elongated slot 14 in the bed 4 and being furnished at its lower end with a thumb-
nut 15, whereby, when said thumb-nut is loosened, the entire device can be
simultaneously moved longitudinally of, and maintained in a predetermined
position on the bed 4 by tightening, said thumb-nut 15. The upper portion of
the dovetailed groove 10 is adapted to receive the block 16 with which the screw 17
is in threaded engagement, said screw passing through the plate 18, which is
parily disposed in the guideway 10. By loosening the screw 15 the slide 9 can
be moved crosswise of the bed 4 and can be held in the desired position by
tightening said screw, it being understood that the stop-plate 18 Bears against
the bed 4, as shown in Fig. 11, the adjacent bearing-faces of these two parts being
obliquely formed to fit against each other.
The lower main slide 5 has the usual adjusting-screw 20, suitably secured
thereto, the thread of which is adapted to engage an internal thread formed in
the slide 9, said adjusting-screw being furnished with the customary handle 21
at its outer end, by which it can be rotated to adjust said slide 5 relatively to
the slide 9.
The main slide 6, which is suitably guided upon the slide 5 for lateral move-
ment, is furnished with the adjusting-screw 22, suitably secured thereto, the
threaded portion of which is adapted to work in a correspondingly-threaded bore
in the lower main slide 5, said screw being equipped at its outer end with the
operating-handle 23, of ordinary construction, by which the screw can be turned
in and out of its bore to admit of the movement of the upper slide 6.
As herein before stated the tool mechanism proper will be mounted on one of
the main slides, and in the present case the upper main slide 6 constitutes a
support for this purpose, said slide being made preferably in two sections or parts
to incase or house the mechanism for reciprocating the tool.
It is to be understood that dressing-tools of various kinds may be employed
to accomplish various classes of work, either interior or exterior, the tool in the
present case consisting of a grinder adapted to finish off inside work.
The tool is illustrated in the form of a beveled grinding-disk G, suitably
secured to a spindle or shaft 30, mounted on the head or table of the machine
and preferably detachably held in position, whereby it can be readily removed,
if desired, to substitute another in its place, although a milling or other kind of
dressing or polishing tool may be substituted therefor to suit the character of
work being operated upon.
Any suitable means may be employed for securing the tool to its spindle or shaft,
a screw 31 being shown for this purpose, said screw passing through a central
aperture in the tool, and its thread (not shown) being adapted to engage a co-
operating internal thread formed at the working end of the spindle, the head
of the screw being designed to bind firmly against the outer face of the tool, and
the rear face of the latter fitting against a shoulder 32 on the spindle, whereby
it will be held firmly in place. To substitute a different tool for that illustrated,
it is simply necessary to remove the binding-screw 31, when this operation can
be quickly accomplished.
The spindle 30 is preferably mounted upon the table or head T, said table being
furnished at suitable points thereon with hubs or bearings 33 and 34, respectively,
in which the spindle or shaft is designed to turn, said bearings being formed at
the upper ends of the vertical supports 35 and 36, suitably secured to the table
or carriage T, the latter being preferably supported for movement in an irregular
path, either transverse or curvilinear, whereby the tool G, which is mounted
thereon, is caused to travel in a coinciding direction.
The spindle or shaft 30 is encircled by the collar 37, which can be driven into

page_text: the bore of the bearing or hub 33, the outer end of the bearing-collar 37 being
shouldered, as at 38, said shoulder fitting against the outside face of said bearing 33,
the spindle being provided with an annular bulge 39, fitting against said
shoulder 38. The opposite or reduced end of the spindle is arranged in the bear-
ing-collar 40, shouldered. at 41 at its outer end, said shoulder being designed to
fit against a shoulder 42 on the bushing 43, which can be driven into the bore of
the bearing 34, the opposite ends of the bushing 43 and the bearing-collar 37 being
embraced by removable rings, as 44. The spindle or shaft 30 is preferably held
against longitudinal or endwise movement in its bearings by the check-collar or
nut 45, which is adapted to engage the externally-threaded end of the spindle
and to bind against the shoulder 41 of the collar 40.
It will be understood that in the present instance, and as hereinbefore set forth,
the tool G is rotary, and any suitable mechanism may be provided for obtaining
this motion.
The driver for rotating the tool consists, in the present case, of a pulley D,
which is secured to the spindle or shaft 30. In practice the driver or pulley will
be rotated by a cross-belt, such as 47, passed around said pulley and also around
a power-transmitting pulley or drum. (Not shown.)
The upper main slide 6, in which the tool-reciprocating mechanism is situated,
preferably consists of two parts or sections 50 and 51, held together by suitable
fastening means, as the screws 52, the upper section or plate 51 constituting a
suitable cover for the other plate or section, and the slide-plate 51 preferably
supporting, for reciprocation, the table or carriage T.
The plate 51 on its upper side, near one end thereof, is provided with the
segmental flanges or tracks 53 and 54, constituting a convenient means for shift-
ably supporting the table T, and is secured to the plate 50 in some suitable
manner such as by means of the screws 52, the upper faces of the two flanges
being flat or level and serving as a bearing-surface on which the flat under face
of the table T is adapted to rest.
In connection with the tool G and its table or carriage T a plurality of trans-
versely reciprocatory auxiliary slides are provided, one of said slides being carried
by the other and both being mounted in the space between the segmental tracks 53
and 54, respectively, means being provided for successively operating the two
slides, and a similar motion being simultaneously imparted to the table T, and
consequently to the tool mounted thereon. The two auxiliary slides are designated,
respectively, by 55 and 56, each being apertured to receive a suitable guide-pin
preferably carried by the tool-carriage, the aperture for the slide 55 being of
rectangular shape and designated by 57, and the aperture for the slide 56 being
designated by 58.
The slide 55 has at a point intermediate its ends the cross-piece 59, to the
opposite sides of which are removably secured the gibs 60 and 61, said gibs being
beveled on their inner faces to form, in connection with the cross-piece 59, a
slideway for receiving the auxiliary slide 56.
The slide 56 is suitably secured to the under side of the table or carriage T,
the screws 62 and 63 being shown for this purpose.
A pair of recessed lugs or extensions are shown at 65 and 66 having squared
ends 67 and 68 which are situated in the spaces between the adjacent edges of
the two segmental tracks 53 and 54, respectively, suitable means being provided
to hold said squared extensions in place, and the recesses of the lugs forming
slideways for receiving the opposite ends of the auxiliary slide 55.
The tool table or carriage is preferably equipped with a guide, such as the
depending pin or lug 70, suitably fixed centrally thereto, and driving mechanism
is employed to reciprocate the carriage, and consequently the tool, a pattern of
desired shape being used to co-operate with the guide to effect a movement of
the table and the tool thereon through a path corresponding with the shape of
the pattern.
The means in the present case for operating the table consists of a driver for

page_text: the guide-pin 70, said driver being designated by D₁ and comprising an oscillatory
gear and an actuator 71, in the form of a cap, suitably secured to the upper face
thereof, said actuator 71 having a radial slot 72 to receive the lower end of the
guide-pin 70.
The oscillatory driver or gear D₁ is pivoted at 73 to the lower section 50 of
the main slide 6, and can be operated in any suitable manner.
It will be evident that the lower end of the pin 70 being in the slot, and the
gear D being suitably oscillated, the actuator 71 will move the table T on its
support and when a suitable pattern is placed between the driver D' and the
table T the table will be caused to move in a path corresponding with the shape
of the pattern.
In Figs. 4, 5, and 8 a pattern is illustrated for causing the traverse of the
carriage T in a rectangular path, the pattern consisting in the present case of
a disk removably secured in place in the upper section 51 of the main slide 6. The
pattern or form is designated by 75, and consists in the present instance of
a disk which is seated in a recess 76, formed in the under side of the plate 51,
said pattern or disk having a guide-slot 77 to receive the squared portion 78 of
the guide-pin 70, the guide-slot 77 being shown in Figs. 4, 5, 8, and 18 of
rectanguar shape, although it is apparent from an inspection of Figs. 21 and 22
that it may be of other shape.
On reference to Figs. 10 and 11 it will be observed that the guide-pin 70 is of a
length to pass through the apertures 57 and 58 of the auxiliary slides 55 and 56,
the openings 79 in the plate 51, and the guide-slot 77, and partially through the
radial slot 72 of the actuator 71.
At the commencement of the operation the guide-pin 70 is in the guide-slot 77
of the portion 75 at the point x (see Fig. 5) and also in the slot 77 of the driver D¹,
so that on the movement of said driver the guide-pin 70 will be caused to travel
along the portion y of the guide-slot and to turn, when it reaches the angle of
the slot, into the portion z thereof until the driver D₁ has reached the end of its
movement, at which time the operation just described will be reversed, and the
alternate advance and retraction of the guide-pin 70 and table T will follow so
long as the driver D is in motion.
It will be evident that on the action of the pin in the manner just alluded to
the table T will be first moved in a direction corresponding with the arrow a¹ and,
subsequently, in a direction corresponding with the arrow z and back again
through the same path, the plates 56 and 55, by reason of their connection with
the table, being caused to move successively in transverse planes corresponding
with the movement of the table and the guide-pin secured thereto.
For the purpose of reciprocating the driver D, and consequently the other parts
of the machine depending on the driver for their action, any suitable means may
be employed, the rack 80, suitably driven, being provided for the purpose, the
teeth 81 of the rack meshing with the teeth 82 of the driving-gear. The rack 80
is removably secured to the block 84 by a mortise-and-tenon joint, and said
block is suitably fastened to the reciprocatory slide, as by ordinary screws, the
block being mounted in the way or groove 86, formed in the under plate 50 of
the main slide 6, the slide 85 being oppositely beveled along its opposite edges
to prevent its displacement.
For the purpose of reciprocating the slide 85 the power-transmitting member
or worm-gear 87 is shown, said gear being pivotally mounted, as at 871, and
provided with a suitable crank adapted to enter the longitudinal slot 881 of the
block 84, whereby, on the rotation of the gear 87, the block 84, slide 85, rack 80,
and driver D¹ will be operated.
The crank for the gear 87 is designated by 88, it being removably held in
position, and is secured to the webs 89 and 90, formed at opposite sides of the
eccentrically-located aperture or opening 91 in the worm-gear 87. The head of
the crank 88 is provided with flat sides and is adapted to fit between the opposite
webs 89 and 90, and said crank is maintained in a fixed position by a screw in
threaded engagement therewith.

page_text: By loosening the screw 92 the crank-pin 88 may be moved toward or from
the center of rotation of the gear 87 to vary the stroke of the several parts deriving
their motion therefrom to adapt the machine to different styles of work, the
screw 92 being adapted to bind against the upper sides of the two webs 89 and 90
to hold the crank in a fixed position.
The worm for rotating the gear 87 is designated by 95, it being formed on the
inner end of the shaft 96, suitably journaled in the upper plate 51 of the main
slide 6, and said worm-shaft 96 may be continuously rotated in any suitable
manner, as by the band-pulley 97, secured to the shaft, said pulley being connected
with a suitable motor (not shown) by a belt 98.
Any suitable means may be employed for holding the work to be operated upon,
an ordinary chuck, as C, being shown for this purpose.
As hereinbefore stated my present machine is capable of efficiently performing
a variety of work, either inside or outside, but for the purpose of illustrating the
operation thereof I have shown a cup or section of a box, generally employed for
containing bicycle bearing-balls, as held within the chuck C to be interiorly
finished, said cup or box being designated by C¹.
The chuck is secured to its spindle 99, supported in suitable bearings or
posts, as 100 and 101, respectively, rising from the bed 4, the chuck-spindle 99
being furnished with the usual cone-pulley 102, said cone-pulley being connected
by a belt or band 1021 with a similar pulley. (Not shown.)
In connection with the tool G means are provided for holding the same firmly
against the work, such means in the present case consisting of the spring-pressed
block 103, situated in the radial slot 72 of the actuator 71, said block being
adapted to act against the guide-pin 70, whereby the same is held against the
outside wall of the pattern-slot.
The spring which acts against one end of the block 103 is designated by 104,
it being an extensile-spring of substantially Z shape and seated within the
recess 105 in the driver-cam 71, so that when the pin leaves one branch of the
slot it is made to promptly enter the other branch of said slot and thereby cause
the tool to act upon the other portion of the work.
The
In operation the attendant will manipulate the several hand-slides to carry
the tool G to, and in contact with, the outside edge of the inner surface of the
cup C, it being understood that at this time the several shafts are at rest.
several belts then being shipped to tight pulleys on a line-shaft (not shown) the
spindle and other shafts of the machine will be rotated so that the pattern or
form 75, being in proper position, the tool G, in the manner herein before described,
will be caused to traverse a reciprocatory path corresponding with the pattern
to dress out the cup C¹.
For the purpose of permitting the tool G to operate evenly and throughout the
entire surface of the inside of the cup the axis of rotation of the tool-spindle is
disposed obliquely to the axis of rotation of the chuck-spindle 99, and conse-
quently to the work held in the chuck, the tool and the chuck spindles being
oppositely rotative to secure a more efficient action, this last stated operation being
obtained by the crossed belt 47.
In Fig. 21 the pattern 75 is shown having a guide-slot 77 of curved form,
whereby curvilinear work, as represented in Fig. 20, can be performed, the
periphery of the tool in Fig. 20 being rounded to adapt it to the different kind
of work.
In Fig. 22 another style of pattern is illustrated, wherein the guide-slot is of
compound curvature.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The combination, with a dressing-tool and its table, of a guide; a pattern
having an irregular slot to receive the guide; and means for engaging the guide
to carry it successively into different portions of the slot and then to return it.

page_text: 2. The combination, with a dressing-tool and its table, of a guide, a pattern
having an irregular slot to receive the guide; a device for engaging the guide
to carry it successively into different portions of the slot and then to return it;
and means for varying the movement of said guide.
3. The combination, with a dressing-tool and its table mounted for movement
in an irregular path, of a guide secured to the table; a pattern; and a driver, the
pattern and the driver being slotted to receive the guide.
4. The combination, with a support, of a plurality of slides mounted for recipro-
catory movement in transverse planes, one of them being carried by the other,
the carrying-slide being mounted for movement on said support; a track on
said support; a table on the track, having a guide passing through apertures of
said slides, said table being secured to one of the guides; a pattern; and means
for operating the table.
5. The combination, with a support, of a table on the support; a guide; a
pattern having a slot to receive the guide; a pair of slides mounted for movement
in transverse planes and one of them being carried by the other and secured to
the table; and table-operating means
6. The combination, with a dressing-tool and its table, of a co-operating guide
and pattern one of which is connected with the table; a driver for the table;
and means for varying the movement of said driver.
Dated this 4th day of January 1898.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.