Apparatus for Protecting the Respiratory Organs in Localities Containing Air Charged with Noxious Gases or Dust.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 15th Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Protecting the Respiratory Organs in Localities
Containing Air Charged with Noxious Gases or Dust.
I, ALEXANDER REISCHEL, of No. 14 Klopstock Strasse, Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
My invention has reference to an apparatus for protecting the respiratory organs
of persons who are obliged to enter localities the air of which is charged with
noxious gases or dust. Such apparatus is so constructed as to purify the air, before
its inhalation, of all the deleterious constituents while at the same time it in no way
hinders the person in the work he may have to perform.
I will proceed to describe the apparatus with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which Fig. 1 shews an apparatus suitable for inhaling air charged with
dust or floating particles; Fig. 2 shews a section at right angles to Fig. 1, Figs. 3
to 5 shew respectively a front view, a side view and a plan partly in section of the
part which is connected to the nose and mouth of the person. Figs. 6 to 11 show a
modified construction of the apparatus suitable for breathing in localities containing
deleterious gases.
The apparatus consists of a receptacle a having attached thereto a loop b to which
a strap passing round the neck is attached, so that the apparatus can be carried on
the chest of the person without inconvenience.
The receptacle a has three openings c d and f of which the first c is provided with
a perforated cover, allowing the entrance of the outer air. This opening dis
provided with a branch tube g to which is connected a flexible tube leading to the
respiratory device..
The opening serves for filling the receptacle with liquid to a certain level.
Below the opening c is attached a short tube i to which is connected by a caoutchouc
union piece ka tube extending downward and expanded laterally at its lower end
so as to form a flat long nozzle m having at bottom a long orifice with notched
edges. The flexible tube / leads to the respiratory device shewn at Figs. 3 to 5.
This consists of two separate parts r and s made of sheet metal or other suitable
material, connected together by a caoutchouc union, of which the lower one r has an
inlet valve o an outlet valve p and a mouthpiece q, while the upper ones has two
springs u fixed on a plate t and which are arranged to press on opposite sides of the
nose so as to hold the apparatus close to the latter. The plate t also carries two
branch tubes von which are fitted the changeable caoutchouc nozzles formed with
air cushions w. The oval shaped tubes v communicate below the plate t with a space
formed by a dished plate y fixed to t and having the branch tubes which is connected
by the union piece n to the lower part r.
When using this apparatus the receptacle a is filled with a liquid through the
opening up to the level A B, and the nozzles are introduced into the nostrils and
the mouth piece into the mouth.
The nozzles & close the nostrils effectually against the entrance of the outer air.
On taking in breath, the air is drawn from the space in the receptacle above the
liquid, so that the external air is caused to enter this space through the tube l m in
bubbling up from the notched edge of m in small uniformly distributed bubbles
through the liquid, by which means the bubbles of air will be effectually freed from
dust.
The flexible connection k of the tube with i, allows the tube to maintain the
same vertical position relative to the liquid level when the receptacle a is canted
over more or less, and thus prevents any portion of the slit of m from being

page_text: uncovered so as to allow the air to pass directly from the tube into the space above
the water.
The drawing-in of the breath can be effected both through the nose and through
the mouth with this arrangement, the outlet valve p being closed during this time,
while the inlet valve o opens; on expelling the breath, the valve o will close, and
P will open so as to allow the breath to pass freely into the surrounding
atmosphere.
In some cases it may be preferred to take in breath only through the nose, in
which case the mouth piece q can be dispensed with, and the outlet valve P can in
that case also be omitted if the person breathes out through the mouth.
The liquid employed may be water, if it is only desired to use the apparatus in
localities in which the air is charged with dust, as this is effectually removed when
the air bubbles pass through water. But if the apparatus is to be used in localities
in which the air is charged with deleterious gases, a liquid is employed which will
absorb or neutralise such gases, and in that case the construction of apparatus is
employed which is shewn at Figs. 6 to 11; these figures indicating sections taken
respectively on the lines a b, c d, ef, gh, Figs. 6 and 7. The apparatus consists of
a vessel which is divided by a horizontal partition B into two compartments, which
communicate with each other by air passages. The air passes at the front in one
corner of the vessel through a sieve into the lower compartment D as soon as the
air is drawn off from the upper compartment E through the branch pipe F and
flexible tube connected thereto.
The air then passes down at the back of the partition G which has its lower edge
notched, and bubbles up under such notched edge through the liquid contained in
the compartment D, the noxious gases contained in the air being by this means
neutralised by the liquid.
The air then passes through the slit J to the space H and over the upper edge of
the partition K into the space between partitions K and L and again issues in
bubbles over the notched lower edge of the latter into the water contained in com-
partment E. In bubbling up through this water the air is washed so as to free it
from any remaining impurities.
It will be readily seen that the construction of the tube I m shewn in Figs. 1 and 2
may also be adapted in place of the fixed passage with notched lower edge, for the
same purpose as described.
T
Դ A
1 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Protecting the Respiratory Organs in Localities
Containing Air Charged with Noxious Gases or Dust.
I, ALEXANDER REISCHEL of No. 14 Klopstock Strasse, Berlin, in the Empire. of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention has reference to an apparatus for protecting the respiratory.organs
of persons who are obliged to enter localities the air of which is charged, with
noxious gases or dust. Such apparatus is so constructed as. to purify the air, before
its inhalation, of all deleterious constituents, while at the same time .it in no. way
hinders the person in the work he may have to perform.
I will proceed to describe the apparatus with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which Fig. 1 shews a section of an apparatus suitable for inhaling
air charged with dust or floating particles. Fig. 2 shews a section at right angles
to Fig. 1.

page_text: Figs. 3 to 5 show respectively a front view, a side view and a plan partly in section
of the part which is connected to the nose and mouth of the person.
Figs. 6 to 8 shew a modified construction of the apparatus suitable for breathing in
localities containing deleterious gases.
The apparatus consists of a receptacle a having attached thereto a loop b.to which
a strap passing round the neck is attached, so that the apparatus can be carried on the
chest of the person without inconvenience.
The receptacle a has three openings c d and f of which
a perforated cover, allowing the entrance of the outer air.
with a branch tube g to which is connected a flexible tube
device.
the first c is provided with
The opening d is provided
leading to the respiratory
The opening serves for filling the receptacle with liquid to a certain level. Below
the opening e is attached a short tube i to which is connected by a long caoutchouc
union or a caoutchouc tube k a vessel m terminating in a broad slot having notched
edges.
The flexible tube h attached to the branch tube g leads to the respiratory. device
shewn at Figs. 3 to 5.
This consists of two separate parts and s made of sheet metal connected
together by a caoutchouc union, of which the lower one r has an inlet valve o an
outlet valve p and a mouthpiece q, while the upper ones has two springs u fixed on
the parts and which are arranged to press on opposite sides of the nose so as to
hold the apparatus close to the latter. On the plate t are secured the changeable
caoutchouc nozzles x formed with air cushions w. The branch tubes which is con-
nected by the union n to the lower part serves to connect the latter with the plate t.
When using this apparatus the receptacle a is filled with a liquid through the
opening up to the level A B, and the nozzles are introduced into the nostrils
and the mouth piece g into the mouth.
The nozzles close the nostrils effectually against the entrance of the outer air.
On taking in breath, the air is drawn from the space in the receptacle above the
liquid, so that the external air is caused to enter this space through the narrow
serrated slot on the lower end of the vessel m in bubbling up in small uniformly
distributed bubbles through the liquid, by which means the bubbles of air will be
effectually freed from dust.
To prevent air from penetrating directly. into the tube h at an inclined. position
of the receptacle, the flexible connection of the vessel m with i is provided, so as
to allow the vessel m to maintain its vertical position relative to the liquid level
so that the slot is always placed horizontally underneath the liquid level.
The drawing in of the breath can be effected both through the nose and through
the mouth with this arrangement, the outlet valve p being closed during this
time, while the inlet valve o. opens; on expelling the breath the valve o will close and
p will open so as to allow the breath to pass freely into the surrounding atmosphere.
In some cases it may be preferred to take in breath only through the nose, in which
case the mouth piece 9 can be dispensed with, and the outlet valve p can in that case
also be omitted, if the person breaths out through the mouth.
The liquid employed may be water if it is only desired to use the apparatus in
localities in which the air is charged with dust, as this is effectually removed when
the air bubbles pass through water. But if the apparatus is to be used in localities,
in which the air is charged with deleterious gases a liquid is employed which will
absorb or neutralise such gases, and in that case the construction of apparatus is
employed which is shewn at Figs. 6 to 8 which shew respectively a longitudinal
section, a cross section and a front view.
The apparatus consists of a vessel which is divided by a partition B into two com-
partments G and J which communicate with each other by an air passage C. The
air passes at the front through a passage E closed by a sieve D, into the case F
suspended like a pendulum in the lower compartment, as soon as the air is drawn off
from the upper compartment G through the flexible tube attached to the branch
nine H

page_text: The air then passes through the longitudinal small slot which has its lower edge
notched into the liquid of the space J, the noxious gases contained in the air being by
this means neutralised by the liquid.
The air then passes through the passage to the vessel K suspended like a
pendulum in the upper space G and through the slot having notched edges into the
liquid contained in the space G.
:
In bubbling up through this water the air is washed so as to free it from any
remaining impurities.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A portable apparatus for protecting the respiratory organs in localities con-
taining air charged with noxious gases or dust, in which the purification of the air.
before its inhalation is effected by leading the air through water or a neutralising
liquid the said apparatus being characterised by the arrangement of a vessel m
suspended like a pendulum on a flexible tube, the cross section of the said vessel
decreasing gradually at its lower end and terminating in a narrow slot provided with
notched edges for the purpose of leading the air in whatever a position the apparatus
may be, in a finely divided condition through the liquid, by which means the bubbles
of air will be effectually freed from all the noxious constituents, substantially as
herein described.
2. The modified construction of the apparatus referred to in claim 1 consisting in
dividing the apparatus into two separate compartments communicating through an
air passage and acting in such a manner that the exterior air passes first through an
air passage to the vessel suspended like a pendulum in the lower part and is caused
to flow in a finely divided state through the liquid (neutralising liquid) where the
noxious gases contained in the air are absorbed, whereupon the purified air is
collected above the liquid and then flows through an air passage to the vessel
suspended like a pendulum in the upper part and is led through the narrow slot
of the vessel in a finely divided state through a liquid (water) from which it is led
after having been completely purified, to the respiratory device, substantially as herein
described.
gr
3. In combination with the apparatus characterised in claims 1 and 2 a respiratory
mechanism consisting of the lower part having an inlet valve o an outlet valve p
and a mouth piece q, and of the upper parts connected with the part in a moveable
manner and having a plate t on which are fitted the changeable caoutchouc nozzles
formed with air cushions so as to close the nostrils effectually against the entrance
of the outer air, the said upper part carrying springs u serving to hold the apparatus,
substantially as herein described.
Dated this 15th day of January 1890
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.