IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING
Year: 1846

page_text: SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM. THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MCBRIDE, of the Firm of M Bride and Company, Cotton Spinners änd
Power Loom Cloth Manufacturers, Albyn Works, Glasgow, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal etters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth day of
November, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six, in the tenth year
of Her reign; did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give-and-grant
unto me, the said John McBride, my exors, adfňors, and assigns, Her especial
liceure, full power; sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John
McBride, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said
John McBride, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agrée
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
ut years thorein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said John McBride, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seul, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Ohancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
[Price 8d1

page_text: recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John M.Bride, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention relates,-
First, to the construction of pattern surfaces.
Secondly, my Invention relates to modes of working pattern surfaces.
Thirdly, my Invention relates to a mode of applying two sets of pattern
surfaces to act upon two sets of leaves of heddles.
Fourthly, my Invention relates to applying Jacquard apparatus to the side
of a loom for weaving with harness.
Fifthly, my Invention relates to the working of colored tweels.
Sixthly, my Invention relates to a mode of effecting the take-up in looms for
weaving.
Seventhly, my Invention relates to working shuttle boxes, And,
Eighthly, my Invention relates to a mode of constructing and applying a
break to the driving of a power loom.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The Drawings show only such parts of power looms as are necessary to shew
the application of my improvements.
Figure I. shews a plan of the parts forming the pattern surfaces, arranged
according to the first
Invention.
of
part
my
"
Figure II. is another view of the same, and Figure III. shews the end view
of parts of a power loom, with the novel arrangement of pattern surfaces
applied. In each of these Figures the same letters are used to indicate the same
parts. A is an axis with circular plates C, C, fixed thereon. Near to the peri-
phery of the plates C, C, and revolving therein, are placed other axes !),D; and
B, B, are smaller plates fixed on the axis D, D, D, carrying shafts E, E, E,
which form the axis of the rollers L, L. These rollers L, L, according to this
arrangement, serve to produce the variable pattern surface. M, M, is a squaring
end, one of which is affixed on to each of the axes D, and by the aid of which
the axis D, D, D, and the particular rollers Lare kept for the time being in
a proper relative position. One of the squaring ends M is seen separately at
the side view, Figure I, with its squaring spring N, which is fixed on one o

page_text: the plates C, and presses against the squaring end M to keep the pattern
surfaces L, which, for the time being, are to effect the pattern, in their proper
position for coming into action with the treddles O, O, for raising the
warp
threads. Q is the axis on which the treddles O, O, work. P is a guide at the
other end of the treddles for keeping the treddles in their proper position.
It will be seen, that each of the shafts E has several rollers or pattern
surfaces 1. upon it, and these, according to the arrangement shewn, will
be used when particular warp threads are to be raised, and omitted to be
used when the treddles and consequently the warp threads are to remain at
rest. The shafts E have washers (not shewn in the Drawings) between the
rollers or pattern surfaces L, to keep them in their proper position. The
rollers or pattern surface L are those which, for the time being, are supposed
to be in action with the treddles O, while the others are, for the time being, out
of action. a is a pinion on the wyper shaft of the loom for driving the axle A.
This pinion is placed in gear with the toothed wheel b, which is fixed on
the shaft A (these wheels are shewn by red lines in Figure III.). The axis A
of the pattern surface is shewn arranged to make one revolution for five
picks of the shuttle, and as the axis A revolves it brings the pullies L, used as
pattern surfaces, and for the time being farthest from the centre of the axis A
upon the treddles O, to actuate the heddles (or harness, as the case may be).
there being connecting cords R, R, which are connected to the marches d, d,
for raising the warp threads, and so long as the same pattern surfaces or
rollers L are to be kept in action, the catch Z moving on a stud f, carried
by the framing of the loom, is kept raised by means of the more prominent
parts on the cam wheel W, upon which the trunk of the lever Z rests.
This wheel W is fixed to the ratchet wheel x, and is moved a space of
one tooth of the ratchet wheel, each revolution of the axis A, by means of
the pin y, fixed on the outer surface of one of the plates C, such pin y
taking into one of the teeth on the wheel a, and driving it each revolution
a distance of one tooth; but when any of the series of pattern surfaces on any
one of the axes D is required to be changed the catch Z is allowed to fall by
the cam wheel W, and it takes hold by the hooked point g of one of the
pins h of the squaring ends M, and causes the shaft D to be turned round
rather more than one sixth of a revolution, the spring N taking it the
remainder, so that it moves one third of a revolution each time to bring &
fresh set of rollers or pattern surfaces into action as the axis A revolves in the
direction of the arrow.
I will now describe the second part of my Invention. Figures IV., V., VI.,
show a mode of arranging parts of looms so that the treddles being arranged

page_text: to be acted upon by tappets to produce any particular pattern of tweel
weaving, may have the order of working of such tweel into a fabric governed
by Jacquard or other suitable pattern surface acting upon the connections
between the warp threads and the treddles. S, S, is the framing of a power
loom. jj, are wypers or tappets arranged in this case for working a five-
leaf tweel. These are affixed to the shaft i, and by the revolution of the shaft i
they move the treddles m, m, m. These treddles move upon the axis p
(Figure IV.) n, n, are plates fixed upon the side of the treddles for
catching hold of the lower ends of the wires o, o, o, which have each a hook at
the bottom. These wires are connected at the top to the cords R, R,'R, and
when kept in connection with the treddles they would, in the revolution
of the shaft i, raise four fifths of any of the three divisions of warp threads.
In order to describe the arrangement of cording for working, when one fifth
of the warp threads only is to be raised, and four fifths sunk, I will suppose
the treddle m" for the moment to be in action; it is constantly connected by
cords R, R, R, to marches d³, ds, du; this treddle in its downward motion
would raise the first leaf of each of the three divisions. The treddle in being
connected to march d', d, d, would raise the second leaf of each division.
The treddle m is constantly connected to march d³, de, ds, and raises the
third leaf of each division. The treddlem is constantly connected to the march
d,d, d, and raises the fourth leaf of each division; the treddlemis constantly
connected to marches do, do, d. This working would produce a plain five-leaf
tweel; but supposing fourth fifths of the warpofthe first division to be raised, the
bar 28 (Figure VI., governing the wires o, will allow all the wires in that bar
or division to fall in gear with treddles m, m, m, m2, and m; (tiguro V.)
Supposing the treddles m to be in action, it will take down the first wire of
that division. This wire has a cord R attached to it and is jointed at 8
(Figure IV.) to three marches d", d', d, which will raise the warp threads
'connected to these marches, and raise the three fifths of that division, and
also the cords R which are constantly attached to the treddle m", which will
raise one fifth, making in all four fifths of that division of warp threads. The
treddle'm is next in action, and takes down the second wire o" of the same
division, which wire being attached by cords to marches d', 'd', do, it raises the
warp threads connected to such marches. (The connections are not shewn in
the Drawing, excepting those connected to the treddle m.) And the
marches d, d, d", being constantly connected to the treddle m¹, will raise
one fifth, making in all four fifths of that division of warp threads: The
treddle is next in action, and takes down the third wire of the same
division; being attached to marches d³, d, and , it raises three fifths of the

page_text: same division of warp threads, and the marches d³,d,and d¹³,being constantly
attached to this treddle (m³), will raise one fifth, making in all four fifths of
that division of warp threads. The treddle m20 is next in action, and takes
down the fourth wire of the same division, and being attached to marches
d', d, d³, it raises three fifths, and the marches d, do, d¹, being constantly
attached to this treddle mo, raises one fifth, making in all four fifths of the
same division of warp threads. The treddle m21 is next in action, and takes
down the fifth wire, and being connected to the marches d,d³, d,raises three
fifths, and the marches ds,do,ds, being constantly connected to this treddle, it
will raise one fifth, making in all four fifths.
The second and third divisions of wires 23 and 24 (Figure VI.) are
governed by the bars 29 and 30,and cause thewarp threads of these divisions to
be operated upon in the same wayas described with respect to the first division.
The wires in these two bars 29 and 30 are connected with the marches of the
middle and back divisions in the same manner as has been described with
respect to the first or front division. It will be seen by Figure VI. that the
wires o, o, pass through the bars 28, 29, and 50. The bars 28, 29, and 30
are constantly acted upon by springs to cause them to be in contact with the
pins a, b, c, acted upon by the Jacquard pattern surface, and when the
bars 28, 29, and 30, are so pressed, they will cause the wires o, o, to be in a
position to be acted upon by the treddle, if it were caused to descend. 7,7,7,
are cross bars placed at right angles to the working bars 28, 29, 30. Against
these bars 7 the wires o rest; the bars 7, 7, acting as fulcra to the wires, so
that when the bars 28, 29, and 30, are acted upon by the Jacquard, the wires
o, are pressed out at the lower ends from the treddles so as to be missed by
them as they descend. The pins a¹0, 60, c10, (Figure VI.) move through
holes in the case 31 to act upon the bars 28, 29, and 30, respectively, and are
operated upon by the Jacquard or other suitable pattern surface, as is well
understood. The Jacquard in this arrangement for a five-leaf tweel only
moves once every fifth shot. a is the wyper or tappet shaft of the loom with
apinion v fixed upon it for driving the toothed wheel W fixed on thetweeling
shaft .,, are standards for carrying the axis of the tappets j. K is a
wyper or cam for working the Jacquard, there being a rod s with pulley r
working in the bottom of it. This rod s is jointed at 13 to the bell crank (33)
which works upon the stud (12) carried by the framing, and it is connected to
the rod (33) of the Jacquard barrel 3. The rod (33) is jointed to the Jacquard
swinging leg (9) at the stud (5); thus when the rod (s) is moved up by the
wyper K, the Jacquard barrel (3) will be forced from the pins a 10, 610, c², and
the spiral spring (11) (fixed at the one end to the frame and at the other
o

page_text: end to the bell crank 32), will bring the Jacquard barrel and cards forward
upon the pins a 10, 610, c10, when the projecting surface of the wyper or cam K
passes from under the rod s. The Jacquard barrel is turned by a catch 1,
and it has a squaring end (2) made in the usual way. t is a stud, upon
which the swinging leg of the Jacquard turns. In Figure VI. it will be
seen that the wire o of the bar 28, which is placed nearest to the spiral
spring 28, has a spring 27 pressing against it; this spring is secured to the
bar 28 and 25,and is for the purpose of keeping that particular wire o steady
when the change of the bars 28, 29, and 30, is taking place. A like arrange-
ment is made in respect to one of the wires o of each of the bars 29 and 30.
The object of this is, that as the acting on the bars 28, 29, and 30, by the
Jacquard takes place whilst the treddle is down, and as the wires o
nearest the springs 26 work in connection with the treddle m", they would be
liable to injury if no provision were made, the springs 27 give way, and the
wires o slide in the slots, in the bars 28, 29, 30, and when the treddle m" is
raised, those rods o will be released.
Fig. IX. shews a mode of using pattern surfaces to act up on two or
more sets of harness cords, the object being by dividing the number of strings
to make the angle of the harness cords less than when the harness cords are
attached to one Jacquard placed at the top of the loom. S, S, is part of the
framing of the loom; the Jacquard barrel 67 is wronght in the usual way by
means of the lever 70 and the rod 71 connected to a wyper or crank in the
loom. 68 are wires for governing the two divisions of harness cords (60).
It will be seen that the Jacquard barrel 67 is placed at one end, and governs
the wires 68, which extend and govern both divisions of harness cords.
69, 69, are the lifting boards for shedding or dividing the warp threads; these
boards are raised by means of the levers 70, 70, and rods 71, in the usual
way, where one board is used.
I will now describe the third part of my Invention. Figure VII. shows
a side view of part of a loom, with two sets of leaves of heddles, each
capable of working separately upon the same warp, and each set having a
separate pattern surface applied, by which means a much larger extent of
pattern may be produced than when the same number of leaves of heddles are
used as a single set. As shown, the front set of leaves is used for making the
ground or tweel, and the other set for figuring. S shows part of the framing
of a power loom. B is the breast beam. 49 is the axis of the tweeling
shaft, on which is fixed a toothed wheel (46) (shown by dotted lines) driven
by a pinion on the wyper or tappet shaft of the loom. The tweeling shaft is
arranged in this case to work a five-leaf tweel. 47, 47, 47, are tappets which

page_text: work five treddles 51, 51, 51 (only three of which are visible in the
Drawing). 50 are small pulleys fixed on each treddle on which the tappets
47 act. 52 is the heel pin of the treddles; 53 the heck or guide for guiding
the treddles. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, are the bottom heddle shafts, attached by
cords to the treddles 51, 51. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, are the upper heddle shafts.
43, 48, 43, are the eyes of the heddles, which are made about two and a half
inches long to allow a shed being formed through them by the heddles
54, 54, 54, which are wrought by other suitable pattern surface; each of the
eyes 55 of the back set of leaves of heddles 54 have five threads of the warp
56 passing through it, one of the five threads being drawn through one eye
of the first leaf of the front set of leaves, one through the second, one through
the third, one through the fourth, and one through the fifth. The front set of
tweeling leaves are placed at the back of the slay, as is done in the common
way. In working one of the front leaves treads down all the yarn that passes
through its eyes (by the top of the eye pressing upon the yarn), and bringing
the warp level with the race of the slay, and during the same shot of the
loom one of the front leaves in a similar manner treads up, taking along with
it all the warp passing through its eyes. This order is continued, going over
all the front or tweeling leaves the same as if the loom were arranged for
making only the tweel in the ordinary way. And when the whole of the five
front leaves have gone through their motions the back set of leaves of heddles
(54) for figuring the cloth are made to operate and make a shade of the
warp, by the pattern surface applied to them making the leaves of 'heddles
that are to be up for the next five shots to be raised, and those that are to be
down to be at rest, with their warps resting on the race of the slay. The
Jacquard for working the back set of leaves of heddles, as shewn in Figure
VIII., is one I prefer, being similar to that described in the Specification of
my former Patent, dated the Fifteenth day of July, in the year Eighteen
hundred and forty-four, with this exception, that the Jacquard barrel is only
made to operate once in five shots of the loom. Any of the other known
methods of working leaves of heddles may be applied to either of the two sets.
(84) is a bracket fixed to the top rail of the loom, and carrying the heddle
rollers 35, 38, 41, and 42. 37 is the journal or axis of the top rollers or
pullies 85), on to which is fixed a smail pulley (36), carrying by a strap
fastened to it the roller (38) by the journal (40). The roller 38 has fixed
on it a pulley 39, to which a strap is affixed carrying the roller 42, which las
a strap passing over it suspending the leaves of heddles 1 and 2. The
roller 38 is double the diameter of the pulley 39. The roller (38) has a
strap attached to it carrying the leaf (3). The roller 41, carrying the leaves

page_text: 4 and 5, is suspended from roller 35. The pulley 36 is one half the
diameter of roller 35. The pulleys 41 and 42 are made about an inch in
diameter.
I will now describe the fourth part of my Invention, Figure VIII., shows.
a front view of the framing of a power loom, showing my improvements in
applying Jacquard apparatus to the side of the loom when weaving by harness,
by which the Jacquard and its apparatus is placed within reach of the
worker; and the harness cords are also wrought in two (or it may be more
than two) divisions, to make the strive or angle of the harness less, as before
described at Figure IX. This arrangement of Jacquard machinery and levers
(58) and (59), is the same as described in the Specification of my said former
Patent, with this difference, that to the cords (61), (61), I suspend harness
cords in place of leaves of heddles, to govern the warp threads. But I do not
confine myself to this arrangement, so long as suitable Jacquard apparatus is
placed at the side of the loom to act upon harness in place of leaves of
heddles, as described. 62 is the hole board. The harness cords 60 have
mails 63 and leads 64 attached to them in the usual way.
prac-
I will now describe the fifth part of my Invention. Figure X. shows. my
improvements in working colored tweels; and it consists in the application of
flushing leaves of heddles in power looms when weaving tweeled fabrics with
colored warps. The arrangement here shewn is for a three-leaf tweel, but
this may be varied. The heddles 3, 4, and 5, are wrought by means of wypers
or tappets 85 and treddles 84 in the usual way of working a three-leaf tweel.
The flushing leaves 1 and 2 are wrought by wypers or tappets 86, the wypers
being formed and arranged for causing each leaf to remain three shots up and
three shots down. Various other arrangements may be adopted by the
tical weaver for working the flushing leaves and adding to their number, and
also the time of remaining up or down of the shots may be varied. Different
varieties of tweeled or diaper tweeled cloth may be used with the flushing
leaves. The brackets 73 and 74 are fixed to the top rail of the loom, and
carries the heddle rollers 75 and 78. The roller 81 is attached by a strap to
roller 76, and carries the leaves 3 and 4. The leaf 5 is attached by a strap
to roller 75, this roller 75 being double the diameter of the roller 76, and
both rollers are fixed together on the same axis 77. S, S, part of the frame
of loom; B is the breast beam. The wypers or tappets 85 for tweeling are
wrought in the usual way; and the wypers 86 for flushing are wrought by
wheels, as is usually the case in power-loom weaving, when flushing leaves
are used to produce flushing in plain colored woven fabrics (in contra-
distinction to tweel weaving) with colored warps.

page_text: I will now describe the sixth part of my Invention. Upon the parts of
the loom shown at Figure XIII. are shown one of my improved methods of
taking up the cloth in looms. It consists of a mode of using a tension band.
This method is also shewn detached from the loom at Figure XI. The cloth
is shown by the dotted line at 100 (Figure XIII., as it passes from the breast
beam B to the cloth beam 87. The cloth beam is driven by wheel and pinion
at a uniform speed, and it has temple teeth placed on its surface so as to
make the cloth move at the same speed as the surface of the beam; but
other means for the purpose may be adopted. The cloth passes from this
beam on to the upper roller 88. The roller 88 is driven by the endless band
89, which passes round the cloth beam 87 and roller 88, and is crossed
between them, a groove being turned in each to keep the band in its proper
place. To the under part of the band is suspended the weight 96, connected
by the link 99 to the small pulley 98, which rests upon the band and gives a
degree of tension sufficient to keep the band tight. The diameter of the
beam 87 being much larger than 88 will tend to drive the roller 88 quicker
than is necessary to take up the cloth. The band will thus be slipping a little,
but it will wind up the cloth always tightly and uniformly. Figure XII.
shows a modification of the same plan for taking up the cloth, the slack of tho
cloth being taken up by a lever with a driver taking into a ratchet wheel
The cloth (100) passes from the breast beam under the cloth beam 87, which
has temple teeth (or other suitable holding surface) placed on its surface, and
is driven in the same way as that described in respect to Figure XIII.; the
cloth then passes on to a roller 88. Into the slay sword of the loom is placed
a stud 95, which moves the lever 93 as the slay moves forward, turning the
lever on the stud 94 and bringing back the catch 92, which allows it to take
a new tooth of the ratchet wheel 90 whenever a sufficient length of clotir is
given off by the cloth beam 87. The pall 91 turns upon a stud fixed on the
side of the loom, and it keeps the ratchet wheel and consequently the roller
from going back when the driver 92 is taking a fresh tooth. The weight 96
is suspended by the wire 97 from the other end of the lever 93, and as the
slay sword with stud 95 moves back, the weight 96 brings the lever 93 to its
former position, and the catch 92 turns the ratchet wheel 90; this ratchet
wheel 90 is fixed on the cloth roller 88, and thus is the cloth taken up.
I will now describe the seventh part of my Invention, which is shown
applied at Figures XIII. and XIV. S,S,is the framing of loom. B is the breast
beam. D, the slay. 101, is the wyper or tappet shaft on which is affixed an
excentric. 102, 103, is a truck on the end of the lever 104, and resting on
the eccentric 102. The lever 104 turns on a stud 105 fixed on the frame of

page_text: the loom, and at its upper end (106) it carries a driver 107, which takes into
and drives a ratchet wheel 108. 110 is a cam fixed on the boss of the ratchet
wheel 108, so as to turn with it on the projecting stud 109. 112 is a lever
turning on a stud 113, and having a truck 111 fixed on it, which rests on the
cam 110. The end 116 of the lever 112 is forked to embrace the upright
picker shaft 147, under the enlarged part 148, formed by the boss of the
picking arm 117. The upper limb 117* of the picking arm 117 is capable
of acting upon either of the picking sticks 118 or 119, and is shown as
in action with the under picking stick 118, the lever 112 for the time
resting in the hollow part of the cam 110; and so long as the pulley 111, on
the lever 112, rests in the hollow part of the cam 110, the under picking
stick 118 will continue to work its shuttle. Supposing the upper picking
stick be required next to be in action, the ratchet wheel 108, and conse-
quently, the cam 110, will be caused to move one tooth, by which the
lever 112 will be raised by the pulley 111 coming on to one of the enlarged
parts of the cam 110, and the lever 112 being elevated, it will raise the
picking shaft (which works in journals affixed to the frame 250) by means of
its forked end 116, and thereby the picking arm 117* will be placed in action
with the upper picking stick 119, and work the other shuttle. 149 is a
bracket bolted to the frame of the loom and carrying a stud or bolt 150, upon
which the picking sticks work. 114 is a spring fixed at one end to the
bracket 115 on the frame of the loom, and at the other end to the lever 112,
to ease the movement of the lever 112. The ratchet wheel would be moved
one tooth at every revolution of the wyper shaft 101 by the driver 107,
carried by the lever 104, thereby causing the picker sticks 118 and 119 to
be alternately worked. But by the apparatus which I will now proceed
to describe the ratchet wheel is caused to move only when desired,
according to the pattern to be produced in the fabric, the driver 107 being
thrown out of action with the ratchet wheel 108 when the same picker stick
is togo on working. 120 is a connecting rod formed in two parts, one part
being hollow to receive part of the other; and there is a spring 121 to keep
the parts together, at the same time that it allows of a yielding in the event
of any derangement in the action of the Jacquard barrel. (252) is a bearing
or rest for the picking sticks. 251,251, are springs for recovering the picking
sticks. The rod 120 is for working the Jacquard barrel (125) in a similar
way to what is described in the Specification of my said former Patent for
weaving when shuttle boxes are governed by Jacquard cards. The cards on
the Jacquard barrel 125 have blanks when the same picking stick is to con-
'tinue working, and perforations when the other is to work. As the Jacquard

page_text: barrel 125 moves with the cards, with the blank against the pin 126, it will
press the pin against the small lever 127, which turns on the stud 128 affixed
to the framing. This lever being connected at 131 to the horizontal rod 132,
it will, when acted upon, move forward the rod 132, which has a projection
at 152 resting against the bell crank lever 133, which turns upon the stud 106,
and at the other end of which forms the driver 107, for giving motion to the
ratchet wheel 108; the horizontal rod 132 being moved against the bottom
end of the lever 133, will elevate the driver end 107 out of gear of the
ratchet wheel, at the same time the eccentric 102 (making one revolution
every two shots of the loom) will raise the pulley 103, and, by the connection
already described, will work the ratchet wheel one tooth, except when the
catch 107 is elevated by the Jacquard apparatus, as above described. 129 is
a spiral spring for keeping the lever 127 against the pin 126. 151 is the
catch for turning the Jacquard barrel. (153) is a bracket carrying the
Jacquard arm (23). The back shuttle moves along close to the reed, as in
the ordinary loom, working with one shuttle, and the other shuttle is guided
by needles 141, which are caused to rise up through perforations in the rac₁
of the slay. 134 is a lever for throwing up the needles 141 when the top
picking stick or front shuttle is working. The lever 134 moves on a stud 136,
the one end of the lever 134 embracing the picking shaft 147 below the
enlargement 135; and there is an incline 137 at the other end of the lever 134
to receive a pulley 138 fastened on the spindle 139 of a moveable frame
placed in the slay, and carrying the needles for guiding the front shuttle.
When the under picking stick is in action, as is represented in the Drawing,
the enlargement 185 keeps down the one end of the lever 134, elevating the
incline 137 above the pulley 138, so tha: the incline may not raise the needle
frame; but when the picking shaft 147 is raised to govern the upper picking
stick, the enlargement 135 being raised, allows the incline 137 at the other
end to be lowered, and the point of it to be brought under the pulley 138;
and as the slay moves backwards the pulley will run up the incline and raise
the needle frame; the needle frame drops down as soon as the slay moves
forward and leaves the incline. 143, 143, are levers resting against the shuttle
boxes for protecting in the beat up, as is well understood in power looms.
144 are the drivers for picking the shuttle. At the other end of the loom
there is but one picking stick which works both drivers at one time.
Figure XIV. shows a plan of the slay. 146 is the division between the
two shuttle boxes. 145, 145, the driver spindles.
Figure XIV*. shews a mode of shifting the case with pin 126, so that it.
may be opposite another row of holes in the Jacquard cards of the barrel (125).

page_text: The pin 126 passes through a hole in a sliding piece or case, to which is con-
nected a stem 128*, worked by the lever 126**.
Figures XV. and XVI. shew a mode of shifting the shuttle boxes in a
loom for weaving, where two or more shuttles are used in combination with a
reed, which is so arranged that it may give way when the shuttle is retained
in the shed, and be the means of stopping the loom. S, S, the framing of the
loom. B is the breast beam. D is the slay. 101 is the wyper or tappet shaft,
which works the Jacquard barrel 125 in a similar manner to those shewn and
described in Figure XIII., and described in my said Patent for governing
shuttle boxes. The wyper shaft 101 has a flange 146, into which the stud 120
is fixed for driving the Jacquard by means of the rod 121, connected to the
stud 122 on the arm of the Jacquard barrel. The Jacquard barrel and cards
operate upon the pin 126, which lays against the spring 161, seen better
at the detached side view Figure XV*. This spring, which is bolted to the
case 167, when not moved by the pin (126), keeps the catch 107 out of gear
of the ratchet wheel 108, working on a pin projecting from the sword of
slay 189. The catch 107, at 166, has a projecting part which lays round
behind the limb of the spring 161, and so long as the Jacquard cards have.
perforations, the pin 126 remains at rest with the catch 107 out of gear; but
when a change of the shuttle boxes is required, the card has a blank and
presses against the pin 126, allowing the catch 107 to fall in gear with the
ratchet wheel 108, and to turn it one tooth, and at the same time to move the
cam 110, connected to the ratchet wheel 108, as the slay moves forward.
The shifting boxes 157, 157, are placed on a projection from the lever 156,
which turns on a stud 154, and moves backward and forward, throwing either
of the shuttle boxes as desired into its proper position for working the shuttle.
The lever 156 has an arm projecting with the stud 113 fixed in it; working
on this stud is a lever 112, the pulley 111 of which rests upon the cam 110.
The two levers 156 and 112 are united by the spring 155. This spring is
fixed to the projecting arm of the lever 156 at 169, and presses against the
upper part of the lever 112, the under part of the lever 112 resting on the
boss of the lever 156. Both levers being thus united by the spring 155, and
acting as one bell crank, will shift the boxes by the movement of the cam 110,
the spring 155 allowing of yielding should any obstruction occur to the
shifting of the boxes. There is a flat spring 173 fixed horizontally on the
sword of the slay, and connected by the wire 174 at 175 to the lever 112, in
order to keep the pulley 111 close to the cam 110. The slay is separated
from the shifting boxes at 170 (see Figure XVI.) 163 is the driver spindle,
only one being used for the shifting boxes. 171, the driver, which is

page_text: recovered and taken out of the way of the shuttle boxes by a spring 176 and
lever 17.7 working on a stud 178. 158, 158, are the back parts of the two
shuttle boxes; these back parts move on studs 180. 164 is a spring resting
against one of them (and they are both kept together by a pin) to keep thein
in their proper position. 165 is a finger for operating upon the shuttle
and saving the yarn when the shuttle does not fully enter the box. 159
and 160 (Figure XV.) are adjusting stops for regulating the different positions
of the boxes for shuttling. a, a, is the reed, which is suspended at the
upper part in the ordinary way, but with a capability of turning upon the
upper rib a', the lower part being held in its place by a bar 6 carried on
levers c, c, one at each end of the loom. These levers c, c, are affixed to a
spindle and turning in bearings from the under side of the slay, and these
levers are continued towards the front of the loom. When the beat up has
taken place and the shuttle has been properly thrown into the box, the end c'
of each of the levers c passes under rollers e (carried by arms from the
framing), by which the bar 6 will be held against the reed a to retain it in
its place during the beat up; but in the event of the shuttle sticking in the
shed the shuttle will force out the lower part of the reed, as shewn by dotted
lines in the detached view, Figure A, and the bar b being forced backwards
will cause the ends c' of the lever c to pass over the rollers e, where an arm f
on the spindle d, Figure A, similar to the one end of the levers e¹, but outside
the loom, will come in contact with an enlargement on the belt lever handle,
so as to throw the strap off the driving pulley (or act on other means of
stopping the loom), as is now done by the ordinary stop rod. I am aware
that reeds have been similarly suspended in looms for weaving plain fabrics
and looms have been made with shifting shuttle boxes such as above and
hereafter described. I do not, therefore, claim either of these arrangements
separately, as this part of the Invention consists in combining arrangementsof
apparatus for carrying into action the conjoined properties of suchtwo arrange-
ments of parts.
Figures XIX. and XX. shew another mode of shifting shuttle boxes when
an arrangement of receding reed is used, as above described. These box s
nove up and down with compartments for three or more shuttles (three are
shewn in the Drawings). 180 is the sword of the slay carrying the cam 110
and shuttle boxes 181. The lever 187 has a pulley 111 fixed on it, which
rests on the undulatory cam surface 110, for raising or lowering the boxes
according to the pattern desired; the lever 187 receives a stud 186 on the
connecting rod 185. This connecting rod is composed of two parts joined
together by the spiral spring O for the purpose of yielding in case of an

page_text: obstruction to the movement of the boxes. The connecting rod185 is connected
at 184 to the spindle 183 for lifting the boxes, and by this connection the
shuttle boxes are moved up and down according to the surface of the arm 110.
The cam is shewn capable of moving the boxes into the three different posi-
tions for shuttling; but if other number of boxes are used the cam must be
arranged accordingly. 190 is an eye fixed on the shuttle box (181), and
sliding on a flat upright bar 191, in order to keep the box square to the race
of the slay. B is the breast beam of the loom D. The slay 181 is the back
of the box. 172 is a spring laying one into each of the boxes, with a swell upon
it for easing the stop of the shuttles. 184 is the hinged side of shuttle box,
which moves into the dotted position 188, when the shuttle does not fairly
enter the box. 164 is a spring pressing against the hinged side of the shuttle
box, in order to keep it closed. 182 is the driver spindle. 171, the driver
for moving the shuttle. 181× is a spring carried by part of the framing, with
recesses, according to the number of boxes used, one to each, to receive a pro-
jection 190x, by which they will be steadied when the slay is in the front, and
the shifting of the boxes has just taken place. 104 is a lever turning upon an
axis at 104x, carried by the framing of the loom. This lever 104 has an
arm, which is placed so as to come in the way of the ratchet wheel 108 and
give motion thereto when the slay comes forward unless it is raised out of the
waybythe excentricon the wyper or tappet shaft 102 acting upon the truck on
the end of the lever 104. In this case Jacquard apparatus may be applied
to act upon the projecting arm 102×, as described in respect to Figure XV.
The arrangement of receding reed to be used in connection with this mode of
shifting shuttle boxes is similar to that described with respect to Figures
XV., XVI., and Figure A, and the same letters of reference are used in the
present Figure. These arrangements of shifting shuttle boxes are chiefly
shown in order to indicate that I do not confine myself to the way in which
the boxes are shifted, so long as they are combined with a receding reed and
apparatus, such as is herein described, and so long as they are combined with
a spring 181+, such as is herein described, for steadying the boxes.
I will now describe the eighth part of my Invention, which is shown at
Figures XVII. and XVIII., and by which the stopping and starting of a
loom may be instantly and completely accomplished without shifting the belt
off the driving pulley, and by which the driving of two looms with one belt
and one pulley may be accomplished. The driving pulley 193, on which the
driving belt is constantly working, is keyed on the shaft 194 between the two
looms. This shaft extends on each side to the dotted lines 203 in the bosses
⚫of the break pullies 195, and it is fixed to them by means of pinching screws

page_text: 204. 192 are the driving shafts of the looms; these shafts 192 extend into
the bosses of the break pullies 208, aud they form a bearing for the break
pullies and the driving pulley on the shaft 194. On to each of the driving
shafts 192 of the looms is keyed an arm 209 in a groove in which the
crutch 196 moves, and it has a projection 197, upon which the spring 202
acts, to press the crutch against the interior surface of the break pulley 195,
which pulley being put in motion carries round the break and the arm 209
into which it slides, and thus the driving shaft 192 of the looms are turned.
The spring 202 rests on the point of the set screws 201, which pass through
the projections 211 of the arm 209. When either of the looms is to be
stopped, either by the attendant or the usual self-acting apparatus for stopping
the loom, the lever 205 turning on a stud 206 carried by the framing of the
loom is moved in the same way as the belt lever in the common loom, but in
place of moving the belt it presses in the lever 198 with the incline 199
against a small pulley 200 placed on the end of the break 196, and moving
the break towards the centre it relieves the break from the break pulley,
allowing the loom to stand still while the break pulley continues to revolve.
Only one of the break pullies is shown as fitted up with the break, but the
other would be similarly arranged. I cover the top of the crutch with
leather, in order to increase the adhesion of the crutch head of the break to
the interior of the break pulley.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be perforined, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the details so long as the peculiar character of any part of my
Invention be retained. But what I claim is,--
First, the combining the parts B, E, L, on an axis A, for obtaining a
changeable pattern surface for weaving.
Secondly, 1 claim the so arranging of looms working by tappets and treddles
to produce tweels, that by introducing a Jacquard (or other pattern surface)
to art on the connections intermediate of the treddles and the warp, the
patteru surface shall govern the order in which the tweel is made.
And I also claim the dividing the harness of Jacquard looms into parts, and
giving motion to the parts by one .Jacquard barrel.
Thirdly, I claim the applying of Jacquard or other pattern surface to leaves
of heddles arranged to work the pattern of the fabric in power looms, whilst
the ground or tweel composed of the same warp is produced by leaves of
heddles actuated by tappets and treddles, or other means.
Fourthly, I claim the adaptation of a Jacquard barrel placed at the side of
the loom with apparatus to work the harness, of a Jacquard loom.

page_text: Fifthly, I claim theapplication offlushing leaves of heddles to power looms
when manufacturing tweeled fabrics with colored warp.
Sixthly, I claim the modes of taking up the cloth in looms for weaving, as
described in respect to Figures XI., XII., and XIII,
Seventhly, I claim the so arranging shuttle boxes and parts connected there-
with, that either of two shuttles working therein may be selected and thrown
across the fabric, both shuttle boxes being fixed.
And I also claim the so arranging shifting shuttle boxes of a loom that
they may work with a receding reed acting upon apparatus to stop. the
looms.
And also I claim the application of the spring 181* in combination with
shifting shuttle boxes, as described in respect to Figure XX.
Eighthly, I claim the mode of applying a break or friction surface to the
driving of a power loom, as described in respect to Figures XVII. and
XVIII.
In witness whereof, I, the said John McBride, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
Fifthly, I claim theapplication offlushing leaves of heddles to power looms
when manufacturing tweeled fabrics with colored warp.
Sixthly, I claim the modes of taking up the cloth in looms for weaving, as
described in respect to Figures XI., XII., and XIII.
Seventhly, I claim the so arranging shuttle boxes and parts connected there-
with, that either of two shuttles working therein may be selected and thrown
across the fabric, both shuttle boxes being fixed.
And I also claim the so arranging shifting shuttle boxes of a loom that
they may work with a receding reed acting upon apparatus to stop the
looms.
And also I claim the application of the spring 181+ in combination with
shifting shuttle boxes, as described in respect to Figure XX.
Eighthly, I claim the mode of applying a break or friction surface to the
driving of a power loom, as described in respect to Figures XVII. and
XVIII.
In witness whereof, I, the said John McBride, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
Thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
JOHN MC (L.) BRIDE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid John McBride came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-sevon.

page_text: .
In the Matter of a Patent granted to John M'Bride, of the Firm of
M*Bride and Company, Cotton Spinners and Power Loom Cloth
Manufacturers, Albyn Works, Glasgow, for his Invention of "In-
PROVEMENTS IN WEAVING," bearing date at Westminster, the Twelfth
day of November, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six,in the
tenth year of the reign of Her present Majesty Queen Victoria, to
which Letters Patent a Specification has been duly inrolled.
DISCLAIMER proposed to be entered by the said Patentee with the Clerk
of the Patents of England, pursuant to an Act passed in the fifth and
sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth,
intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for
Inventions."
I, the said John M Bride, in my said Specification, did describe my said
Invention to consist of eight parts, and since the enrolment of the said
Specification several of the parts of the said Invention have come into
extensive public use, whilst other parts thereof have come but little into
public use, and some of the parts I have since ascertained were not new at
the time of granting the said Letters Patent, I do therefore wish to disclaim
and I do hereby disclaim as much of the said Specification as describes and
claims the fourth and sixth parts of the Invention, and my reason for so doing
is, that such parts of the Invention have not come into that extent of public
use as to make it desirable to retain the same as parts of my Invention. And
I do also wish to disclaim and 1 do hereby disclaim so much of the said
Specification as describes and claims the second and fifth parts of the Invention,
and my reason for so doing is, that such parts were not new at the time of
granting the said Letters Patent.
In witness whereof, I, the said John M'Bride, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.
JOHN M.BRIDE. (LS.)

page_text: To the Clerk of the Patents of England.
This is to certify that John M Bride, of the Firm of M.Bride and Company,
Cotton Spinners and Power Loom Cloth Manufacturers, Albyn Works,
Glasgow, has applied to me for leave to enter with you the above-written
Disclaimer of parts of a certain Invention, for which Letters Patent were
granted to him under the Great Seal, dated the 12th day of November, 1846,
and of the Specification which was duly enrolled. And on considering the
said application, and no objection having been made to the same, I have
accordingly granted leave to the said John M'Bride to tile his said Disclaimer
pursuant to the Statute passed in the 5th & 6th years of the reign of His late
Majesty, entitled An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for
Inventions.
SALMOND, Extra.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourth day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1850, the aforesaid John M Bride came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Disclaimer
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.