A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINATION OF SUBSTANCES FOR MAKING A ČOMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Leonard Blackburn, of 135, Salisbury Square, in the
City of London, Mining Engineer, for an Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Leonard Blackburn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1880.
LEONARD BLACKBURN, of 135, Salisbury Square, in the City of London, Mining
Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINATION OF SUBSTANCES FOR MAKING
A ČOMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL."
My Invention is the producing of a material that shall be combustible in a very
high degree, and at the same time create an immense amount of heat. With this
object I use anthracite or other coal, shale, and charcoal. I mix these in any
proportions I may deem expedient, and in either a dry or wet state, and either
pulverized or not, as I may determine. To this mixture I add whatever proportion
of resin and oil, or either of them I may require, to give the mass cohesion. I then
under pressure, either in a machine or in any other way, form this into bricks or
any other form I may require, and my fuel is ready for use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Leonard Blackburn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
November 1880.
"
LEONARD BLACKBURN, of 135, Salisbury Square, in the City of London, Mining
Engineer. A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINATION OF SUBSTANCES FOR MAKING
A COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL."
The object of my Invention is to produce a material that shall be combustible
in a very high degree, and at the same time create an immense amount of heat.

page_text: With this object I use anthracite or other coal, charcoal, and shale. I mix these
in any proportions I may deem expedient, and in either a dry or wet state, and
either pulverized or not, as I may determine. To this mixture I add whatever
proportion of resin and oil, or either of them, or such analogous substances as I
inay require, to give the mass cohesion. I then under pressure, in a machine or
in any other way, form this into bricks, or any other form I may require, and iny
fuel is ready for use. In carrying my Invention into effect I have found it
preferable to. make use of animal shule, that is to say, shale formed by the
decomposition of animal matter, to the other kinds of shale, and to the other
constituents mentioned above to add a small proportion of common soda, which has
the effect of preventing the mass of fuel agglomerated as above from crumbling
away when subjected to very great heat, as of course it would have a tendency to
do. For the same purpose I may occasionally use a small proportion of acetic acid,
either in addition to or in substitution of the common soda mentioned above,
In practice I have found the following proportions to give good results, but I in
no wise limit myself thereto, but I give them by way of example :-Pulverized or
crushed anthracite conl eighty eight parts, pulverized or crushed animal shale six
parts, resin or oil or other agglutinous substances three parts, tar two parts, soda
one part, total one hundred parts. It is obvious that the above proportions will
be changed according to the various qualities of coal and shalo respectively, and of
the other materials employed, and also according to the purpose for which the fuel
is intended to be consumed. The above composition having been prepared in the
proportions above or in some other proportions which may be found convenient
I then form it into bricks, or into any other shape or shapes convenient for use by
means of pressure applied in any convenient manner, and the fuel is ready for use.
It must be understood that I do not limit myself to the above described method of
preparing my fuel, as 1 may use any other convenient method or methods of doing
so, always preserving the combination of coal and shale, preferably animal shale,
together with an agglomerating material in about the proportions given above.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my new or improved
combination of substances for making a combustible material, the combining or
mingling of coal with shale, preferably animal shale, by means of an agglomerating
material, in about the proportions, in the manner, and by the means substantially
as hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Leonard Blackburn, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the said Leonard Blackburn,
in the presence of
J. HART DAVIES,
26, Budge Row, E.C.
LEONARD BLACK BURN. (L.S.)