IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING BONES AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Burns and Joshua Rea, both of Liverpool,
in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Engineers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING BONES AND OTHER HARD
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 21st December 1858, and dated the 14th July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Burns and Joshua
Rea at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 14th July 1858.
We, ROBERT BURNS and JOSHUA REA, both of Liverpool, in the County
Palatine of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING BONES AND OTHER
HARD SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our said improvements refer to further improvements on an Invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to the said Robert Burns, dated the
17th day of September 1856, for "Improvements in Bone Mills," and consist
in a moveable cutting bar in the cutting bed of the mill, which bar is made
moveable by means of levers with springs or weights, and is adjusted to sustain
a pressure sufficient for cutting bones and other suitable substances, but to
give way so as to pass metal, stone, or like foreign materials injurious to the
mill. Our improvements also embrace a mode of raising and keeping up the

page_text: knives in the cutting cylinder by means of an inclined plane made to act upon
the knives by moveable pieces fitted in the knife slot. We do not confine
ourselves to the precise arrangement or mode of regulating the cutting
bar, or to the form, dimensions, or materials of the several parts of our said
Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Burns and Joshua Rea in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th January 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, ROBERT
BURNS and JOSHUA REA, both of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of
Lancaster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Robert Burns and Joshua Rea, Her special licence that we, the said
Robert Burns and Joshua Rea, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Robert Burns and Joshua Rea, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING
BONES AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Robert Burns and Joshua Rea, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Burns and Joshua Rea, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Our said improvements refer to further improvements on an Invention for

page_text: Site Clevation,
a bone or other like
mill with our improvements applied; Figure 3 is a transverse section, and
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of our improved cutting cylinder, enlarged to
show details of construction.
A is the cutting bar; B, the levers; C, the snugs cast on the cutting bed I;
E, the fulcrum bolt; F, F, the socket and stay for keeping levers apart;
G the weights; H, H, H, forms the slide for the cutting bar; I, I, is the
framework; and J, J, is the previously patented cast-iron cutting bed; K is
the cutting cylinder; L, rasp knives; M, fixing blocks; a, set screws; N,
raising screws and pins.
It will thus be observed that our said improvements mainly consist in the
application of a moveable cutting bar in the cutting bed of the bone or other like
mill, the same being made moveable by means of levers with springs or weights,
and adjusted to sustain a pressure sufficient for the operation of cutting or
rasping bones and other suitable substances, but to give way by a self-adjusting
action, so as to pass metal, stone, or like foreign materials injurious to the
mill. Also it will be seen that our said improvements embrace a mode of
raising and keeping up the knives in the cutting cylinder by means of an
inclined plane made to act upon the knives by means of moveable pieces
fitted into the knife. slot.
But as our said Invention is capable of modification, we desire it to be
particularly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise arrange-
ment or mode of regulating the cutting bar, or restrict ourselves to the form,
dimensions, or materials of the several parts of our said Invention, so long as
the principle of the same is substantially maintained in any modification of our

page_text: said improved machinery. And we do declare that what we claim as our said
improvements are, namely:
Firstly, the construction and application of a moveable cutting bar.
And, secondly, the peculiar mode of raising the knives in the cutting
cylinders of bone mills and other like mills or machines, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Rea, on behalf of myself and the
said Robert Burns, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth
day of January, in the year of our Lord 1859.