IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING LIQUID CEMENT AND PIGMENTS OR PAINTS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bell, of Powell Street, Goswell Street,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING LIQUID CEMENT AND PIGMENTS OR
PAINTS."
Sealed the 11th November 1858, and dated the 11th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Bell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th May 1858.
1, GEORGE BELL, of Powell Street, Goswell Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING LIQUID CEMENT AND PIGMENTS OR
PAINTS to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to combinations of lime and other matters to
produce liquid cement, pigments, and paints, to be used for preserving,
coloring, and beautifying purposes.
A liquid cement for walls and like situations I produce by combining
slacked lime & sal ammoniac, mixing them together in water, and
then grinding them in a suitable mill. Sometimes adding sulphate of

page_text: iron, ocre, or umber, in order to produce the required tint to the
mixture.
When it is required to give a more adhesive character to the mix-
ture I add thereto gum & bees wax.
For a black paint for common purposes I combine slacked lime, gas
tar, and diluted oil of vitrol, mixed together by suitable stirring or
mixing apparatus.
Another combination for a paint or pigment consists of oxide of
zinc, or oxichloride of lead, with spirits of turpentine, dissolved india-
rubber, and linseed oil, and a small quantity of lime.
To obtain the latter combination I first mix the oxide of zinc or
oxichloride of lead with linseed oil by grinding, and then add the other
matters as may be desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Bell in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 11th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
GEORGE BELL, of Powell Street, Goswell Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight.hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Bell, Her special licence that
I, the said George Bell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Bell, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING LIQUID
CEMENT AND PIGMENTS OR PAINTS," upon the condition (amongst others)

page_text: that I, the said George Bell, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of, the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Bell, do hereby de-
clare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
'
My Invention relates to combinations of lime with certain other
matters in the production of liquid coments, pigments, and paints.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will proceed to
explain the means pursued by me.
To produce a liquid cement suitable for outside walls and other like
situations I mix the following matters in proportions of six bushels of
slacked lime, one pound of sulphate of iron or zinc, onc quarter of
a pound of sal ammoniac, ground together with a little water, adding
thereto six pounds or thereabouts of ochre, and six pounds or there-
abouts of umber, to give the required tint to the mixture. If the
mixture when ground is not sufficiently fluid for use, the same may
be rendered so by the admixture therewith of water to the extent
desired.
"
To produce a liquid cement or colour having a moro adhesive cha-
racter, and suitable for inside walls and other situations, I add to the
above six pounds weight of gum arabic, and one and a half pounds of
bees wax, dissolved and mixed with the above.
To produce a black paint for common purposes I combine the
following matters in proportions, by weight, of two pounds of slacked
lime in powder. Two pounds of sulphuric acid, diluted in one gallon of
water, adding thereto ten gallons of gas tar. Mixing them together in
any suitable stirring apparatus, when the same will be fit for use.
An elastic paint, suitable especially for damp walls, but applicable for
other purposes, I produce by combining one hundred weight of oxi-
chloride of lead or oxide of zinc, twenty-eight pounds of slacked lime,

page_text: dry, and one gallon of solution of india-rubber, diluted with one part
of linseed oil and two parts of spirits of turpentine. In obtaining
this latter combination I first mix the oxide of zinc or oxychloride of
lead with linseed oil by grinding, and then add the other matters as
inay be desired.
An oil suitable to be used for thinning the last-mentioned combina-
tion of elastic paint may be obtained by combining one gallon of spirits
of turpentine, half a gallon of turpentine varnish, one pint of linseed
oil, and one pint of rosin oil.
Each of the above combinations may be applied by brushes in the
ordinary manner of applying paint.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Bell, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 10th day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
WILLIAM BROOKES,
78, Chancery Lane.
GEORGE BELL. (L.s.)