Improvements relating to Water Flushing and like Cisterns.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 18th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Water Flushing and like Cisterns.
We, EDMUND HOWL, of The Quarries, near Dudley, Engineer, and WILLIAM
JOHN SINGLETON, of 4 Brook Road, Woodsetton, near Dudley, Mechanic, both
in the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in water flushing and like cisterns, our
object being to provide a simple and effective method of starting and regulating
the discharge of water or other contained liquid, and in such a manner as to
effectually prevent any waste of the same.
In applying our invention to an ordinary cast iron or other cistern for a water
closet, having the ordinary ball cock or other usual fittings and attachments, to
regulate the admission of the water, we employ a bell shaped hood or cover for
the purpose of covering the upper end of the fall or discharge pipe, which projects
from the bottom of the cistern. The mouth or inlet end of the fall or discharge
pipe is carried slightly above the top of the cistern, and at the lower end of the
pipe, within the cistern, we form or attach a core or projecting piece which nearly
fills the interior of the lower end of the bell shaped hood or cover passing over it.
The hood or cover is of such length that its upper or closed end is above the mouth
of the fall or discharge pipe when the feet of the hood are resting on the bottom
of the cistern.
We mount the hood or cover upon one end of a lever suitably pivotted to the
cistern, the other end of the lever projecting from the cistern and having the pull
chain, cord, or rod, attached thereto. The weight of the inner arm of the lever
with the attached hood or cover, is sufficient to over-balance the outer arm, and
the hood is thus normally at rest on the bottom of the cistern. But when the
outer arm of the lever is depressed by means of the pull chain, cord, or rod, the
hood is raised, and the air contained between the level of the water and the upper
or closed end of the cover becoming rarefied owing to the increase of volume, the
atmosphere pressure causes the water to rise within the hood above the level of
the main body of water in the cistern. On the release of the pull chain, cord, or
rod, the inner arm of the lever falls, and the displacement of water by the
descending hood, produces a flow from the interior of the hood into the fall or
discharge pipe. A syphon action is thus set up, and the water will rapidly flow
from the cistern under the bottom of the hood and up to and through the discharge
pipe until the level of water in the cistern is brought below the level of the bottom
of the hood, when the action of the syphon will be destroyed by the admission of
the air. The cistern will then fill with water coming through the ball cock or
other connection, but no further discharge will take place until the hood is again
raised and lowered.
The application of our invention to other cisterns or tanks differs in no essential
particular from its application to a water closet flushing cistern as herein before
described.
...
1
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements relating to Water Flushing and like Cisterns.
We, EDMUND HOWL, of The Quarries, near Dudley, Engineer, and WILLIAM
JOHN SINGLETON, of 4 Brook Road, Woodsetton, near Dudley, Mechanic, both
in the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in water flushing and like cisterns, our
object being to provide a simple and efficient method of starting and regulating
the discharge of water or other contained liquid, without the use of valves, and
in such a manner as to effectually prevent any waste of the liquid.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter referred
to :-
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation, and Figure 2 a part sectional end elevation
representing one form of our improved flushing cistern.
Figure 3 is a part sectional side elevation showing the displacing hood in its top.
position.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate two modified arrangements of the interior of the
displacing hood.
The same reference letters in the different views indicate the same parts.
In applying our invention to an ordinary cast iron or other cistern such as A for
a water closet, having a ball cock B and other usual fittings and attachments to
regulate the admission of water, we employ a bell shaped displacing hood C which
covers the upper end of the fall or discharge pipe D projecting from the bottom of
the cistern. The mouth or inlet end of the fall or discharge pipe D is carried
slightly above the top of the cistern or the highest water level in the same and at
the lower end of the pipe within the cistern we form a core or projecting piece D'
which nearly fills the interior of the lower end of the bell shaped hood or cover C
passing over it. The hood or cover is of such length that its upper or closed end
is above the mouth of the fall or discharge pipe when the feet of the hood are
resting on the bottom of the cistern.
We mount the hood or cover upon one end or arm of a lever E suitably pivotted
to the cistern, the other end of the lever projecting from the cistern, and having
the pull chain, cord, or rod, attached thereto. The weight of the inner arm of the
lever with the attached hood or cover is sufficient to over-balance the outer arm,
'and the hood is thus normally at rest on the bottom of the cistern as shown in
Figures 1 and 2. But when the outer arm of the lever is depressed by means of
the pull chain, cord or rod, the hood is raised to the position shown by the full
lines at Figure 3. On the release of the pull chain, cord or rod, the inner arm of
the lever falls, and the displacement by the descending hood sets up a flow from
the interior of the hood into the fall or discharge pipe, as indicated by the arrows
at Figure 3. A syphon action being thus produced the water will rapidly flow
from the cistern under the bottom of the hood and up to and through the discharge
pipe until the level of water in the cistern is brought below the level of the bottom
of the hood, when the action of the syphon will be destroyed by the admission of
air. The cistern will then fill with water coming through the ball cock or other
connection, but no further discharge will take place until the displacing hood is
again raised and lowered.
Instead of forming the core or projection D' upon the discharge pipe D as
herein before described, we sometimes employ an independent cylindrical core such
as D' Figure 4 fitting its lower end over an annular lug or projection G formed
with the bottom of the cistern. In another modification we employ a cup shaped

page_text: core or projection such as D³ which is clamped or secured in position preferably in
the manner illustrated at Figure 5.
The application of our invention to other cisterns or tanks differs in no essential
particular from its application to a water closet flushing cistera as herein before
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. In water flushing and like cisterns the use of a displacing hood such as C in
combination with a discharge. pipe D and a core or projection substantially as
and for the purposes hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. The improved general combination and arrangement of a water flushing or
like cistern substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 17th day of January 1808
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.