IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ENGINE TURNING OR ENGRAVING METALLIC OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernest Hill, of Nether Edge, Sheffield, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR ENGINE TURNING OR ENGRAVING METALLIC OR OTHER SURFACES."-A
communication from abroad by Eugine Darier, residing at Geneva.
Scaled the 16th August 1870, and dated the 19th February 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernest Hill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th February 1870.
I, ERNEST HILL, of Nether Edge, Sheffield, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR ENGINE TURNING OR ENGRAVING METALLIC OR OTHER SURFACES,"
to be as follows :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
engine turning or engraving metallic or other surfaces.
In order to engine turn or engrave a cup or other article of a circular
section I mount it on an axis, which is caused to rotate by gearing it

page_text: with a second axis turned by hand or otherwise; this second axis
revolves several times for cach rotation of the first axis. A cylinder
with a raised pattern upon it is mounted on the second axis. This
pattern is by means of the machine copied on to the cup or other
article, and it is repeated in the circumference of the article as many
times as the second axis revolves faster than the first. On the pattern
a tracer carried by a lever bears, and the movements so communicated
to the lever arc by means of a chain conveyed to a cutting tool operating
on the surface of the cup or other article in such manner that the raised
parts of the pattern lift the tool away from the work, whilst the
depressions allow it to come in contact therewith. When onc line
-around-the-circumference_of_the_article has been traced with such
intervals or breaks as the pattern requires the tracer and the tool are
both shifted a distance sideways, and the next line is then traced in a
similar manner. The lever with the tracer upon it is mounted on a
slide, which by means of a screw is capable of being moved measured
distances along a guide parallel to the axis of the pattern cylinder. The
tool or tracing point is mounted in a tool holder, which is able to slide
upon a saddle or carriage to and from the work, and it is by the move-
ment of the tool holder in suitable guides on this saddle or carriage
that the tool is moved to and from its work as the operation of engine
turning or engraving is in progress. The saddle or carriage is itself
mounted on a guide, along which it can be traversed by a screw to carry
the tool sideways measured distances to produce the intervals between
the lines of the pattern. This screw is turned a suitable small distance
at the same time as the tracer is moved from one line of the pattern to
another by means of its screw. The whole of this apparatus, the guide
and screw with the saddle and tool holder upon it, is adjustable in
position, and the guide can be clamped at any desired inclination to the
first axis in order that the movements of the tool in and out may be in
a line perpendicular to the surface which the tool is cutting. With
the same object and to obtain greater facility of adjustment the saddle
or carriage has a quadrant upon it, on which are the guides for the tool
holder. The tool is pressed up to the work by a spring, and when it
is drawn back by the chain passing from the tracing lever this spring is
compressed. The saddle or carriage in which the tool holder slides also
carries a second slide with an adjustable guard upon it which bears
upon the surface of the work and regulates the depth to which the tool
can penetrate.

page_text: For some sorts of work in place of using a pattern cylinder, as above
described, a disc with pins upon it may be employed. The pin disc is
mounted on the same axis as the pattern cylinder, and the pins act on
a lever, which in turn gives motion by the chain to the tool. When
one line of the pattern has been traced the pins are shifted to the
positions suitable for tracing the next line, and so on.
Articles which are not circular in section may be similarly engine
turned or engraved; thus eccentric motions may be given to the axis
carrying the work, or for flat work the work may be mounted on a
slide taking its motion from the axis on which the pattern cylinder is
carried.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ernest Hill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th August 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ERNEST
HILL, of Nether Edge, Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Ernest Hill, Her special licence
that I, the said Ernest Hill, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Ernest Hill, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
POR ENGINE TURNING OR ENGRAVING METALLIC OR OTHER SURFACES," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Eugine Darier, a person resident
at Geneva, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Ernest
Hill, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ernest Hill, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
engine turning or engraving metallic or other surfaces..
In order to engine turn or engrave a cup or other article of a circular
section I mount it on an axis, which is caused to rotate by gearing it with
_a_second_axis turned by hand or otherwise. This second axis revolves
several times for cach rotation of the first axis. A cylinder with a raised
pattern upon it is mounted on the second axis. This pattern is by means of
the machine copied on to the cup or other article, and it is repeated in the
circumference of the article as many times as the second axis revolves
faster than the first. On the pattern a tracer carried by a lever bears, and
the movements so communicated to the lever are by means of a chain
conveyed to a cutting tool operating on the surface of the cup or other
article in such manner that the raised parts of the pattern lift the tool
away from the work whilst the depressions allow it to come in contact
therewith. When one line around the circumference of the article has
been traced with such intervals or breaks as the pattern requires the
tracer and the tool are both shifted a distance sideways and the next line
is then traced in a similar manner. The lever with the tracer upon it is
mounted on a slide, which by means of a screw is capable of being moved
measured distances along a guide parallel to the axis of the pattern
cylinder. The tool or tracing point is mounted in a tool holder, which is
able to slide upon a saddle or carriage to and from the work, and it is by
the movement of the tool holder in suitable guides on this saddle or
carriage that the tool is moved to and from its work as the operation of
engine turning or engraving is in progress. The saddle or carriage is
itself mounted on a guide, along which it can be traversed by a screw to
carry the tool sideways measured distances to produce the intervals
between the lines of the pattern. This screw is turned a suitable small
distance at the same time as the tracer is moved from one line of
the pattern to another by means of its screw. The whole of this
apparatus, the guide and screw with the saddle and tool holder upon it, is
adjustable in position, and the guide can be clamped at any desired

page_text: Figure 1 is a plan of a machine constructed according to the invention,
and Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same.
a represents the article to be engine turned or engraved; it is mounted.
on the axis b, and receives a rotary motion from it, or in place of
mounting the article. directly on the axis b it may receive motion from,
an eccentric, rectilinear, or other chuck driven by the axis b; c is
another axis rotated by hand or otherwise; it is geared with the axis b
by means of the shaft d and the bevilled wheels cand d³, and by the:
worm and worm wheel d² and b'. The wheels c¹ and d³ can be changed.
for others of different sizes so that the axis c may be set to make any
desired number of revolutions for cach revolution of the axis b; e is a.

page_text: I
pattern surface with a pattern in relief upon it, and fis a lever carrying
a finger f¹ which bears upon this surface. The lever f is jointed to a
slide and can be traversed in a direction parallel to the axis c by the
hand screw f³. The motion which the lever freceives is transmitted by
the chain passing over guide pulleys, as is shown, to the tool holder h
in which an engraving tool is held. This tool is pressed forward by the
coiled spring, which when free causes its point to project slightly
beyond the end of the guard i, which is set so as to bear upon the surface
of the work. The distance the point of the tool is allowed to project
beyond the end of the guard is adjusted according to the depth of work
required. The chain draws the tool back out of work, when the raised
pattern is passing-under-the-finger f¹. The tool holder is carried by a
slide rest, which is shown partly in section at Figure 3. It is clamped to
the bed of the machine in any position required, and it has a head the
height of which is adjustable; this head forms a guide on which a saddle j
slides, it is worked by the screw j¹. As each circle or line of engraving
is completed this screw is turned by hand a part of a revolution, and
at the same time the screw f³ which moves the slide of the lever fis turned
a corresponding distance. The quadrant & by which the inclination of
the tool to the work can be adjusted is mounted on the saddle, and
can be clamped by a screw at any inclination required. On the quadrant
again is a slide carrying the tool holder and guard, and which is adjust-
able by a screw so as to set the guard up to and in contact with the surface:
of the work. The chain g it will be seen passes around a pulley upon the
tool holder, and the end of the chain is wound on a small capstan barrel
on the slide in which the guides for the tool holder are formed. Some-
times in place of the pattern surface e I employ a pattern surface con-
sisting of pins set in the disc c on the axis c; these pins as the disc
revolves give motion to a lever m which by a chain g¹ works the tool as
already described. Each pin acts upon the lever so as to draw back the
tool from the work, and wherever a pin is omitted from the circle the tool
engraves a line upon the surface. When a line of the engraving is
completed the pins are re-arranged for the next line.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what
I claim is, the construction of machinery for engine turning or engraving
metallic or other surfaces in such manner that the surface to be engraved
and a pattern surface are geared together so that their movements

page_text: may correspond, such pattern surface rotating on an axis, and giving
motion to a lever or instrument which by a chain or such like flexible
connection actuates the engraving tool, allowing it to act and with-
drawing it out of action in accordance with the arrangement of the
pattern surface.
I also claim the construction of machinery for engine turning or
engraving metallic or other surfaces, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernest Hill, have hereunto sct
band and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
my
TTTT
ERNEST HILL. (L.S.)