CERTAIN IN- PROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bowers Taylor, of Ballymena, in the County
of Antrim, in Ireland, Gentleman, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IN-
PROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 15th September 1859, and dated the 18th March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bowers Taylor
at. the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition;" on
the 18th March 1859.
I, WILLIAM BOWERS TAYLOR, of Ballymena, in the County of Antrim, in
Ireland, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOKS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
It has hitherto been customary to apply the dressing to the warps in a
separate machine, and attempts have been made to apply it when the warp
is in the loom. My Invention consists in an improved combination of
machinery or apparatus for applying the dressing to tho warp when in the
loom. In performing my Invention the dressing is supplied to the warp by
a brush revolving in a trough, which brush delivers it to a roller furnished
with a doctor; the warp passes over this roller and is pressed upon by another
roller covered with flannel or other suitable material, and then through two
stationary brushes. The warp on leaving the warp beam or in any place
between the warp beam and the healds, passes through one or more reeds,

page_text: and it is separated by one or more lease rods to keep each warp thread dis-
tinct from the others. A fan is applied to cause a current of air to act on the
warp threads to dry or partially dry them before they pass through the healds.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Bowers Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BOWERS TAYLOR, of Ballymena, in the County of Antrim, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Bowers Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said
William Bowers Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Bowers Taylor, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Bowers Taylor, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bowers Taylor, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to bo performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of my Invention consists in an improved combination of
machinery or apparatus for applying the dressing to the warp when in the
loom, in order to dispense with the usual dressing machine now generally
used. In performing my Invention, the dressing is supplied to the warp by a

page_text: brush revolving in a trough, which brush delivers it to a roller furnished with
a doctor; the warp passes over this roller, and is pressed upon by another.
roller covered with flannel or other suitable material, and then through two
stationary brushes. The warp on leaving the warp beam, or in any place
between the warp beam and the healds, passes through one or more reeds, and
it is separated by one or more lease rods, to keep each warp thread distinct
from the others. A fan is applied to cause a current of air to act on the warp.
threads to dry or partially dry them before they pass through the healds.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of.
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a side view, and Figure 2 a front view of a loom to which my
improvements are applied; this loom is shewn with the driving apparatus, for
which former Letters Patent were granted to me on the Twenty-seventh day of,
November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven. I wish, however, to
remark, that my present improvements are applicable to looms of the ordinary.
construction, and otherwise worked by hand or power. a is the crank shaft,
which is turned round by the hand wheel b, fixed to the shaft c, to which is
also fixed the bevel pinion d, gearing in the wheel e, connected to the spur
wheelf, which drives the pinion a', fixed to the crank shaft a; g
is the warp
beam supported and weighted in the usual manner. The warp is taken through
the reed h, over the guide roller i, and then between the rollers; and k, tho
latter of which may be weighted and covered with flannel, and the former
is supplied with dressing by the revolving brush 1, which is furnished with
bristles at one place only, so that the dressing, which is contained in the
trough m, may only be supplied in small quantities to the surface of the
rollerj; this roller is furnished with a thin blade of steel, commonly called a
"doctor," by which the quantity of dressing applied to the warp is regulated.
When the dressing has been applied to the warp in passing between the
rollers j and k, it is taken through tho stationary brushes n and o, the action
of which distributes the dressing evenly over each warp thread; the warp is
then divided by lease rods, and it is dried or partially dried before it passes
through the healds p, by the fan q, which is turned rapidly round by the
wheelf, gearing into the pinion q', fixed to the axle of the fan. Tho
fan is partly covered by a tin cover, so as to throw down the current
of air on to the warp. The brush is turned round by a cord 2, passing
over a small pulley on the crank shaft, and a larger pulley fixed on
the axle of the brush. The roller ; is turned slowly round by a spur
pinion on the axle of the brush 7, gearing into another pinion on the axle of

page_text: the roller j. By means of these improvements the dressing is evenly applied
to the warp during the operation of weaving, and the usual separate dressing
machine' is dispensed with. This mode of dressing will be found particularly
useful in the manufacture of linens. The advantage arising from it is the
facility it affords of keeping the warp in that degree of dampness which is
usual with hand loom weavers, and which in a great measure supplies or
makes up for the want of elasticity in linen yarn. The degree of dampness
can also be regulated according to the temperature of the atmosphere, as the
fans are so constructed that one or moro blades can be dispensed with as
required.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to bo understood that I am aware attempts
have been made to apply dressing to the warps when in the loom, I therefore
do not claim the application of dressing to warps when in the loom, in itself;
but what I do claini is, the improved machinery or apparatus described and
shewn in the Drawing, for dressing and drying the warp, when applied to looms
for weaving.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bowers Taylor, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, the Thirteenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Y DOWERS TAVLOD
ETTING DOWERS TAVLOD
WILLIAM
DOW