Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 19th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 19th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 20th May, 1887.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 115 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Consulting
Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates firstly to mechanical devices for the continuous manufacture
of the paper tubes which are not pasted; the filling of such tubes with tobacco and
the storing of the manufactured cigarettes and secondly to the grouping and corre-
lation of these various mechanical devices from which there results a machine which
is, so far as I am aware, novel as to its action and arrangement, and a product of
cigarettes remarkable both for their uniformity and quantity.
According to this invention the paper arranged in the form of a bobbin, is trans-
formed into a closed tube by the internal interlocking of the longitudinal edges of the
endless paper; then scissors cut up this formed tube into definite lengths which fall
successively on to a pair of spindles which receive alternately rotary motions of a
quarter of a turn, producing by reason of the inclined position of the said spindles the
transfer of the tubes to the ramming or filling apparatuses. Here the tubes are
driven and pinched on to the end of a funnel from which issues the plug of filling
tobacco which is driven out by a ramming spindle operating in correlation with the
distributing and compressing mechanism of the tobacco. Finally the cigarettes thus
obtained are placed in boxes in the usual way.
The general arrangement of the machine is as follows :-
A foot which is fixed to or simply rests on the ground receives a cast iron table on
which are arranged the component parts of the machine. A shaft, placed above in
two bearings bolted to the said table, carries a ramming or filling cam; a cam for
actuating the tobacco mould, compressor; a cam for actuating the pincers; a cam
for operating the tube carriers; a cam which feeds forward the paper and is in one

page_text: picce with another cam which pushes the tube on to the ramming funnel; a cam
which operates the scissors; and finally a stamping cam.
Beneath the said table a second shaft carries the cam of the device for placing the
cigarettes in the box; the cam of the compressor carriage and distributor, and the
cam of the tobacco feed; also a toothed wheel which transmits motion to the tobacco
distributing chains.
These two shafts are driven by an intermediate shaft which is provided with two
pulleys, a fly wheel, and a spur wheel gearing direct with two equal spur wheels on
the two first mentioned shafts.
At the side opposite to that of the driving gear are placed, on a bracket bolted to
the table, the arrangements for manufacturing the paper tubes.
The paper, rolled up on a bobbin mounted loosely on the axis of a forked headstock,
is led to a first roller, then to a second roller which belongs to a spring stretcher, and
to other intermediate rollers and passes finally to a last roller which immediately
precedes the formation of the tube.
The paper bobbin which is loose on its axis, is subjected to the action of a brake
bearing at its free end on a metallic ring which forms the boss of the bobbin, and
exerting more or less friction according as a screw is made to produce a greater or
less pressure on the said brake.
From the last of the said guide rollers the paper is conducted into a shaper in
which shaper is suspended the end of a cylindrical spindle. The paper taking the
cylindrical section has its edges curved towards the connecting piece of the spindle
which is suspended in the shaper and a screw tapped into a cap of the shaper bears
upon a prolongation of the said spindle.
Beyond the shaper the paper encloses or surrounds the said spindle, which preserves
its cylindrical section; but at the top the said spindle is hollowed out into a longi-
tudinal groove into which the edges of the paper are pressed down by the presser
device having a special acting surface. The presser is suspended at the end of a
spring and a screw enables the pressure thereof to be regulated at pleasure and
consequently the pressure on the paper.
At the end of the groove in the spindle the paper surrounds the folding device
which is let into the spindle. The folder is a piece of strong fine grained metal
pierced with a conical hole having a tolerably large entrance and a very small outlet ;
a slit widened out and then progressively reduced causes this hole to open at the
upper face of the piece. The pressed down edges of the paper follow the said slit and
are rolled or folded one in the other, as they advance, by the decreasing sections of
the folder.
Immediately the closed tube issues from this folder piece, it engages in a last
shaper concentric with the spindle, which flattens the fold of the joint; then it enters
between a milled roller let into the said spindle, and a feed roller situated directly
over it. The milled roller and the feed roller exert upon the paper, which they draw
forward, a pressure, with or without creasing which completes the closing of the
preceding fold by incorporating the one within the other, the various thicknesses of
paper which the action of the folder has brought together.
The paper receives the required motion of translation by means of a rack which is
raised and lowered alternately by the beforementioned cam which gives intermittent
rotary motion to the feed roller through the medium of ratchet and pawl gear, but
always in the same direction. The feed roller may be rotated sufficiently by a single
movement to produce a feed of the paper equal to the length of the cigarette tube, or
may be rotated so as to correspond to the feeding of half a length only as may be
arranged. In the latter case the feeding forward of a length of tube is effected at
two operations.
it
When the tube quits the closing devices, it is completely closed with the edges of
the paper incorporated with one another and disposed in the interior of the tube. It
can be thus produced in any lengths and even in a single length equal to the total
length of the paper on the bobbin. For cutting up into tubes of lengths equal to
those which the cigarettes are intended to have, there are placed near the closing

page_text: devices and immediately after the, front end of the spindle (which is in the form of
the spring bolt of a lock) two jointed branches the rear ends of which are subjected
to the traction of a spring and to the opening action of a cam which makes a half turn
between the said branches. The movement of this cam takes place after each feed of
a length of tube by means of one of the cams on the beforementioned upper shaft.
The front ends of the said branches are furnished with blades which can be easily and
quickly mounted and dismounted for sharpening or replacement. Two teeth con-
stantly in contact assure the correctness of the movements of the branches whilst
leaving them a certain amount of play, similar to that of the blades of ordinary
scissors.
The feed roller rests by the ends of its axis in bearings provided with hinged caps
having locking springs. This arrangement allows of the feed wheel being quickly
removed when inspection of the folder becomes necessary.
The paper receives, between the beforementioned guide rollers, the imprint of a
mark or stamp.
The front end of the spindle may be raised more or less by means of a screw that
is to say the roller in the said spindle is pressed more or less towards the feed roller.
This is a simple and certain means of regulating the pressure, with or without
creasing, of the fold forming the longitudinal joint of the paper tube.
When the tubes are cut off by the beforementioned scissors, they are presented a
few millimetres above two inclined spindles or rods armed with equidistant pins
placed at right angles in two distinct and alternate series.
The spindles or rods are connected by two equal toothed sectors with two
wheels toothed for a part of their circumferences, and thereby receive from the
beforementioned tube carrier cam an alternating rotary motion of 90 degrees for
cach revolution of the shaft. So that the cut off tube falls on to the said rods
and is stopped by the first pair of pins; it then descends to the second pair of
pins at the next quarter revolution of the rods, and so on from one pair of pins
to the next as each successive tube is cut off, and consequently at each movement
of the rods whichever direction they turn in. Finally, each of the tubes arrives
in succession opposite to a false funnel.
In this position a lever actuated by another cam on the said upper shaft moves
forward a slide which pushes the tube into the said false funnel and thence on
to another funnel on which it is held by the following mechanism. One of the
before mentioned cams on the upper shaft operates a lever which acts on the ends
of two jaw pieces or levers turning on fulcra fixed on the framework of the
machine so as to move the said jaw pieces away from the said funnel. This is
effected before the tube is pushed on to the funnel; wheu the tube is in place
the reverse effect is produced by a spring that is to say the jaw pieces are
closed on to the tube and hold it on the funnel, then when the tube is filled
with tobacco, and has to be expelled, the jaw pieces release the tube and the
cigarette is expelled by the rammer as will be hereafter explained.
The distribution and compression of the tobacco is effected by known means.
The compound movements of elevation descent, advance and retreat are transmitted
by suitable cams, to the compressing carriage as in other machines of the
inventor's manufacture; a cam effects the feed forward of the tobacco, and a
toothed wheel transmits motion by endless chain and gearing to endless feed
aprons and equalizers of the tobacco.
On the presentation of each tube to the
distributing and compressing devices form a
forces into the tube.
beforementioned funnel the tobacco
plug of tobacco which the spindle
The ramming or filling cam imparts to a spindle intermittent, alternating,
rectilinear motions required for the ramming of the plug of tobacco out of the
compressor and into the tube held on the funnel. When the ramming is effected
the ramming spindle stops to allow the jaws to open, then it continues its forward
motion for about a centimetre for the purpose of driving the cigarette off the

page_text: funnel and the said ramming spindle then returns to its backward position ready
for another ramming operation.
The cigarette thus manufactured descends at the next movement of the pin rods
and falls into a channel which conducts it to a box charger.
The cigarettes as they arrivo are pushed as usual into a receiving box by
means of a slide operated by the cam through the medium of a lever.
The action of the machine is such that the various operations above described
are effected in regular order, so that each revolution of the upper and lower
shafts gives a manufactured cigarette.
Whilst the unpasted tube is being made the tobacco distributing and compressing
mechanism prepares the plug of tobacco necessary for filling the tube, so that as
each tube is delivered at the top of the transfer apparatus a cigarette is pushed
off the filling funnel, and one is placed in the receiving box, in short all the
parts, and the mechanism they form have movements so combined that the manu-
facture of the tubes and their transport are in mathematical correlation with the
formation of the tobacco into plugs and the introduction of the latter into the
tubes as they are presented.
The machinery above described may be applied to the manufacture of all kinds of
cigarettes whether closed at one or both ends or left open at both ends and may
have added thereto other supplementary arrangements as may be required.

page_text: New or Improved Machine for the Manufacture of Cigarettes.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 115 Cannon Street, in the City of London, Consulting
Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying three
sheets of Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
This invention relates, firstly, to mechanical devices for the continuous manufacture
of the paper tubes which are not pasted, the filling of such tubes with tobacco and
the storing of the manufactured cigarettes; and secondly, to the grouping and
correlation of these various mechanical devices from which there results a machino
which is, so far as I am aware, novel as to its action and arrangement, and a product
of cigarettes remarkable both for their uniformity and quantity.
According to this invention, the paper arranged in the form of a bobbin, is
transformed into a closed tube by the internal interlocking of the longitudinal edges
of the endless paper; then scissors cut up this formed tube into definite lengths
which fall successively on to a pair of spindles which receive alternating rotary
motions of a quarter of a turn, producing by reason of the inclined position of the
said spindles the transfer of the tubes to the ramming or filling apparatuses. Here
the tubes are driven and pinched on to the end of a funnel from which issues the plug
of filling tobacco which is driven out by a ramming spindle operating in correlation
with the distributing and compressing mechanism of the tobacco. Finally the
cigarettes thus obtained are placed in boxes in the usual way.
In the Drawings hereto annexed, Figures and 2 show respectively an elevation
and a plan of the general arrangement of the machine, Figures 3 and 4 are
respectively transverse sections on the lines 1-2 and 3-4 of Figure 1, and Figures 5
to 17 are detail views.
Similar letters of reference relate to like parts in all the Figures of the Drawings.
The general arrangement of the machine is as follows
A foot which is fixed to, or simply rests on, the ground, receives a cast iron table a
on which are arranged the component parts of the machine. is a shaft placed in
two bearings 662 bolted to the upper side of the table. This shaft carries a ramming
or filling cam c; a cam d for actuating the tobacco mould compressor; a cam e for
actuating the pincers; a cam f for operating the tube carriers; a cam g which feeds
forward the paper and is in one piece with another cam h which pushes the tube on
to the ramming funnel; a cam which operates the scissors; and finally a stamping
cam j.
Beneath the said table a second shaft k turning in the bearings ¹ k² carries the
cam 7 of the device for placing the cigarettes in the box; the cam m of the compressor
carriage and distributor, and the cam m¹ of the tobacco feed ; also a toothed wheel n
which transmits motion to the tobacco distributing chains.
These two shafts band k are driven by an intermediate shaft o which is provided
with two pulleys ol o², a fly wheel o* and a spur wheel of gearing direct with two equal
spur wheels 63 and k³ on the two first mentioned shafts and k
1

page_text: At the side, opposite to that of the driving gear, are placed on a bracket Po bolted
to the table a, the arrangements for manufacturing the paper tubes.
The paper P, rolled up on a bobbin p¹ mounted loosely on the axis of a forked
headstock p², is led to a first roller p³, then to a second roller p² carried by a spring
stretcher p, and to other intermediate rollers p, p, p8 and passes finally to a last
roller p which immediately precedes the formation of the tube.
The paper bobbin p' which is loose on its axis, is subjected to the action of a brake p*
bearing at its free end on a metallic ring which forms the boss of the bobbin, and
exerting more or less friction according as a screw p³ is made to produce a greater or
lesser pressure on the said brake p³.
From the last of the said guide rollers p³ the paper p is conducted into a
shaper (see Figures 1, 2, 9 and 10 in which Figure 10 is a section at line 5-6
of Figure 9) in which shaper is suspended the end of a cylindrical spindle ». (Figures 5,
6, 7 and 8). The paper taking the cylindrical section has its edges curved towards
the connecting piece of the spindle as shown in detail by Figures 5, 6 and 8.
This spindle is suspended in the shaper q (Figures 1, 2, 9 and 10) and is adjusted
by a screw q tapped into a part of the shaper and bearing upon a prolongation of the
said spindle.
Beyond the shaper 9 the paper encloses or surrounds the spindle r, which preserves
its cylindrical section; but at the top the said spindle is hollowed out into a
longitudinal groove into which the edges of the paper are pressed down by the
pressers (Figure 8 which is a section at line 7-8 of Figure 1) having a special
acting surface. The presser is suspended at the end of a spring s¹ which takes its
bearing on the support q and a screw s² enables the pressure of the springs to be
regulated at pleasure, and consequently the pressure of the pressers on the paper.
At the end of the groove in the spindle the paper surrounds the folding device t
which is let into the spindle. The folder t (Figures 5, 6 and 7) is a piece of strong
fine grained metal pierced with a conical hole having a tolerably large entrance and a
very small outlet; a slit t¹ widened out and then progressively reduced causes this
hole to open at the upper face of the piece. The pressed down edges of the paper
follow the slit t¹ and are rolled or folded one in the other, as they advance, by the
decreasing sections of the folder t.
Just before the tube reaches this folder t, it engages in a shaper u concentric with
the spindle, which shaper prepares the fold of the joint; then after leaving the folder
it enters between a milled roller 73, let into the spindle r, and a feed roller v situated
directly over it (Figures 1, 2 and 11). The milled roller 3 and the feed roller v
exert upon the paper, which they draw forward, a pressure, with or without creasing
which completes the closing of the preceding fold by incorporating the one within
the other, the various thicknesses of paper which the action of the folder t has brought
together.
The paper receives the required motion of translation by means of a rack which
is raised and lowered alternately by the cam g. These movements of the rack r are
tranformed into an intermittent rotary motion in one direction of the feed roller v
through the medium of ratchet and pawl gear. The feed roller v may be rotated
sufficiently by a single movement to produce a feed of the paper equal to the length
of the cigarette tube, or it may be rotated so as to correspond to the feeding of half a
length only as may be arranged. In the latter case the feeding forward of a length
of tube is effected at two operations.
When the tube quits the closing devices and v, it is completely closed with the
edges of the paper incorporated with one another and disposed in the interior of the
tube. It can be thus produced in any lengths and even in a single length equal to
the total length of the paper on the bobbin. For cutting up into tubes of lengths
equal to those which the cigarettes are intended to have, there are placed near the
closing devices and immediately after the front end of the spindler (which is in
the form of the spring bolt of a lock) two branches jointed together at 23
(Figure 4) the rear ends of these branches are subjected to the traction of a spring i
and to the opening action of a cam which makes a half turn between the said
น

page_text: branches. The movement of this cam is effected after each feed of a length of tube,
by means of the cam i, the lever i, the connecting rod and the lever . The front
ends of the branches are furnished with blades which can be easily and
quickly mounted and dismounted for sharpening or replacement. Two teeth
constantly in contact assure the correctness of the movements of the branches whilst
leaving them a certain amount of play, similar to that of the blades of ordinary
scissors.
The feed roller v rests by the ends of its axis in the bearings v v² provided with
hinged caps having locking springs 3. This arrangement allows of the feed wheel
being quickly removed when inspection of the folder becomes necessary.
The paper receives, between the beforementioned guide rollers p' ps (Figure 1) the
imprint of a mark or stamp j¹ arranged on the post 3 with its counterpart. The
imprint has time to dry while the paper is passing from p³ to pa.
By tightening the screw q, the front end of the spindle may be raised more or
less, that is to say, the roller ³ in the said spindle is pressed more or less towards the
feed roller v. This is a simple and certain means of regulating the pressure, with or
without creasing, of the fold forming the longitudinal joint of the paper tube.
When the tubes are cut off by the scissors 2 they are presented a few millimetres
above two inclined spindles or rods f¹f armed with equidistant pins placed at right
angles in two distinct and alternate series.
These spindles or rods f¹ƒ2 (Figures 1, 2 and 4) are connected by two equal
toothed sectors f³f with two wheels ff toothed for a part of their circumferences,
and thereby receive from the cam fan alternating rotary motion of 90° for each
revolution of the shaft b. So that the cut off tube falls on to the rods f1f2 and is
stopped by the first pair of pins; it then descends to the second pair of pins at the
next quarter revolution of the rods, and so on from one pair of pins to the next as
cach successive tube is cut off, and consequently at each movement of the rods f1f*
whichever direction they turn in. Finally, each of the tubes arrives in succession
opposite to a false funnel w which precedes the funnel or adjustage w¹ (see Figure 13)
forming a continuation of the tobacco compresser.
In this position a lever h¹ actuated by the cam h moves forward a slide 2 which
pushes the tube into the false funnel w and thence on to the funnel w¹.
The holding and pinching of the tube on the funnel w¹ is effected by the mechanism
shown in Figures 12 and 13. The cam e operates a lever e¹ which acts on the ends
of two jaw pieces or levers e² e³ turning on fulera fixed on the framework of tho
machine at et e, so as to move the said jaw pieces e² e³ away from the said funnel w¹.
This is effected before the tube is pushed on to the funnel; and when the tube is in
place the reverse effect is produced by a spring e, that is to say, the jaw pieces are
closed on to the tube and hold it on the funnel, then when the tube is filled with
tobacco, and has to be expelled, the jaw pieces release the tube and the cigarette is
expelled by the rammer as will be hereafter explained.
The distribution and compression of the tobacco is effected by known means. The
cam m transmits to the compressing carriage m² the compound movements of eleva-
tion descent, advance and retreat as in other machines of the inventor's manufacture;
a cam m¹ effects the feed forward of the tobacco, and a toothed wheel u transmits
motion by endless chain and gearing to the endless feed apron n' and tobacco
regulator n².
On the presentation of each tube to the funnel w¹, the above mentioned tobacco
distributing and compressing devices form a plug of tobacco which the spindle c¹
forces into the tube.
The ramming or filling cam e imparts to the spindle c¹ by means of the lever c²,
the intermittent, alternating, rectilinear motions required for the ramming of the
plug of tobacco out of the compressor and into the tube held on the funnel w².
When the ramming is effected, the ramming spindle c¹ stops to allow the jaws to open,
then it continues its forward motion for about a centimetre for the purpose of driving
the cigarette off the funnel w¹ and then returns to its backward position ready for
another ramming operation.

page_text: The cigarette thus manufactured descends at the next movement of the pin
rods ff and falls into a channel which conducts it to a box charger l.
The cigarettes as they arrive at 1 are pushed as usual into the receiving box 12 by
means of a slide operated by the cam 7 through the medium of a lever.
The action of the machine is such that the various operations above described are 5
effected in regular order, so that a cigarette is manufactured at each revolution of the
shafts band k.
Whilst the unpasted tube is being made, the tobacco distributing and compressing
mechanism prepares the plug of tobacco necessary for filling the tube, so that as each
tube is delivered at the top of the transfer apparatus, a cigarette is pushed off the 1
filling funnel, and one is placed in the receiving box. In short, all the parts and the
mechanism they form have movements so combined that the manufacture of the tubes
and their transport are in mathematical correlation with the formation of the tobacco
into plugs and the introduction of the latter into the tubes as they are presented.
Figures 14 and 15 show a cigarette made in the manner above described.
The machinery above described may be applied to the manufacture of all kinds of
may have
cigarettes whether closed at one or both ends or left open at both ends and
have added thereto other supplementary arrangements as may be required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First The mechanism for manufacturing paper tubes by shaping a continuous strip
of paper rolled on a bobbin into a continuous tube the longitudinal joint of which is
formed without pasting by the internal interlocking and incorporation one in the other
of the folded edges of the paper, the said mechanism consisting of the brake p* acting
on the paper bobbin, the stretcher po, the guide rollers p³ pt p² p² p² and p³,
stamp j, the spindler and its adjusting devices, the shapers q and u, the presser s, the
folding device t let into the spindler, the milled roller, the feed roller v, and
the scissors, constructed, combined and operating as hereinbefore described, and
illustrated in the Drawings hereto annexed.
the
Second-The mechanism for transporting the paper tubes combined with the
mechanism for manufacturing the said tubes forming the subject of the first claim
clause hereof as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the Drawings hereto
annexed.
Third-The general arrangement and combination of mechanism for manufacturing
paper cigarette tubes the longitudinal joints of which are formed by the internal inter-
locking and incorporation one in the other of the folded edges of the paper, for
cutting off and transporting the manufactured tubes; and for the distribution,
compression and insertion of the tobacco, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in
the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fourth-The mechanism for the manufacture of paper cigarette tubes without
pasting, constructed as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the Drawings hereto
annexed.
and k co-
Fifth The construction and arrangement of the two cam shafts
operating together to impart the required movements to the various parts of the
mechanism, as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Sixth-The pin rods f¹f2 for transporting the tubes, constructed and operating
as hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the Drawings hereto annexed.