Improvements in Lamps for Destroying Sewage Gas and Noxious Vapours.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 19th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Destroying Sewage Gas and Noxious
Vapours.
I, GEORGE WILLIAM BREMNER, of Leadenhall Buildings, in the City of London,
Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a novel construction or arrangement of a lamp capable of
withdrawing gas and noxious vapours from sewers and other places, such as Hospital
Wards, Asylums, Prisons, and Barracks, and for destroying their poisonous elements
therein, thus obviating the contamination of the atmosphere in crowded neighbour-
hoods or places as at present.
For the purpose of my invention, I take an ordinary lamp post and fit a globe or
lantern of metal on it. The shell of this lantern is composed of a lower half and an
upper half, this having a deflecting hood over a portion of it to check the too rapid
outflow of the vapour arising from combustion and to protect the inner part of the
lamp from wet entering through the perforations.
The lower half of the globe is of plain metal except as to rings at invervals around
its bulged portion of glass panels or discs and a grooved rim round its upper edge
packed with asbestos but the upper half is partly perforated and covered by the hood
before mentioned and having an edge rim to fit into the groove of the lower part
when the two parts are brought together.
The upper half is hinged to the lower, and at the meeting edge of the lower half, I
fit a plain or fluted metallic partition having a perforated plate or cheese placed over
a hole at its central part, above which I arrange a perforated cylinder of metal or
fine wire gauze, preferably closed at top.
Within this cylinder and dipping down into the body portion of the lower half
globe is a pipe fixed by a screw thread at the head of the dome, the lower end of
which is in contact or nearly so with the gas flame, so as to be heated thereby and
serve for attracting the lighter vapour and gaseous body towards it, for natural
combustion in the hottest part of the lamp, the outflow through the perforations of
the central plate being sensibly retarded by the dimensions of said perforations in
order to ensure complete combustion. The gas flame can be protected from being
blown out by a rush of foul air by a tulip fixed on the head of the gas tube, and
slightly larger at the lower end or for any desired length.
The pipe heat under the plate is nearly "cherry red," and as the lower part of the
pipe is open, it forms a flue, up which great heat passes into the combustion chamber
above, the heat passing from the pipe through perforations at its upper end for the
purpose of distribution in said combustion chamber, so that little else than what might
be termed purified air or products of combustion escapes from the upper half globe
from under the hood or cap, the said pipe can have a steadying screw nut or worm
under the metallic partition in order to keep from rocking when hot and to steady the
pipe and keep the whole structure firm.
If it be necessary to concentrate the gaseous impurities from the lamp post to the
gas flame, an egg or other shaped chimney can be arranged in the lamp, at which
Chimney top, if the gas be very foul, it will become sufficiently heated for burning in
combination with the gas flame.
For general purposes of crowded buildings, the lamp must be open at the base to
nduce passage of vitiated air into the lamp, the heat at the upper part attracting the
oul gases which will enter and be decomposed.
Dated this 17th day of October 1980

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Destroying Sewage Gas and Noxious
Vapours.
1, GEORGE WILLIAM BREMNER, of Leadenhall Buildings, in the City of London,
Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a novel construction or arrangement of a lamp capable of
withdrawing gas and noxious vapours from sewers and other places, such as Hospital
Wards, Asylums, Prisons and Barracks, and for destroying their poisonous elements
therein, thus obviating the contamination of the atmosphere in crowded neighbour-
hoods or places as at present.
For the purpose of my invention which I show in the annexed drawings, Figures 1,
2 and 3, I take an ordinary lamp post, as at A, or bracket or pillar, and fit a globe or
lantern B of metal on it. The shell of this lantern is composed of a lower half and
an upper half C, this having a deflecting enamelled hood D over a portion of it to
check the too rapid outflow of the vapour arising from combustion and to protect the
inner part of the lamp from wet entering through the perforations C.
The lower half B of the globe is of plain metal, except as to rings E at intervals
around its bulged portion of glass panels or discs and a grooved rim F round its
upper edge packed with asbestos but the upper half C is partly perforated and covered
by the hood D before mentioned and having an edge rim to fit into the groove of
the lower part B when the two parts are brought together.
The upper half is hinged to the lower B and at the meeting edge of the lower
half B, I fit a plain or fluted metallic partition G having a perforated plate or cheese H
placed over a hole at its central part, above which I arrange a perforated cylinder I
of metal or fine wire gauze, preferably closed at top.
Within this cylinder I and dipping down into the body portion of the lower half
globe is a pipe J fixed by a screw thread at the head of the dome G, the lower end
of which pipe is in contact or nearly so with the gas flame issuing from the burner K,
so as to be heated thereby and serve for attracting the lighter vapour and gaseous
body drawn up the pillar A, if fitted to a pillar, towards it for natural combustion in
the hottest part of the lamp, the outflow through the perforations of the central
plate H being sensibly retarded by the dimensions of said perforations in order to
ensure complete combustion. The gas or other flame can be protected from being
blown out by a rush of foul air by a tulip or screen L, fixed on the head of the gas
tube.
The heat of the pipe under the plate J is nearly "cherry red," and as the lower
part of the pipe is open, it forms a flue, up which great heat passes into the combustion
chamber of the cylinder I above, the heat passing from the pipe through perforations
at its upper end for the purpose of distribution in said combustion chamber, so that
little else than what might be termed purified air or products of combustion escapes
from the upper half globe from under the hood or cap D.
If it be necessary to concentrate the gaseous impurities from the lamp post to the
gas flame, an egg or other shaped chimney, as at M, Figure 3, can be arranged in the
lamp, at which chimney top, if the gas be very foul it will become sufficiently heated
for burning in combination with the gas flame.
For general purposes of crowded buildings, the lamp must be open at the base to
induce passage of vitiated air into the lamp, the heat at the upper part attracting the
foul gases which will enter and become decomposed, and can pass away through a
ventilation leading outside the building, so as not to return the heated atmosphere
inside.
The example shown in the drawing is for a street lamp and be in connection with a
sewer or drain pipe for drawing the impure gases therefrom.
I have described the application of gas to the lamp and any kind of burner can be

page_text: used with open flame or a Bunsen burner and in some cases an oil lamp having an
open flame can be placed in the lantern particularly in districts or positions where gas
is not available.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The particular construction of lantern shown at Figures 1, 2, and 3 as and for
the purpose set forth.
2. Placing within a lamp, a partition supporting a cylinder I and pipe J, the lower
part of which is open at the end only and the upper part perforated for distribution of
heat which act in conjunction with the heat passing through the perforated plate H
for destroying Sewage Gas and noxious vapours within said cylinder I and within the
chamber of the upper half of the lantern C, as set forth.
mi
1001
1000
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London, Agent for the said George William Bremner.