Improvements in Heat Radiating Coils, Pipes, and other Radiating Surfaces.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1889-Accepted, 27th July, 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heat Radiating Coils, Pipes, and other Radiating
Surfaces.
"
I WILLIAM RICHARDSON of Saint John's Street, Mansfield in the county of
Nottingham, Managing Director of the "Meadow Foundry Company Limited
Mansfield do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My Invention relates to an improved form and construction of pipes or tubes and
also of hollow slabs or chests of cast Iron or other material used either in the
construction of steam or hot water radiators or coils for warming the interior of
buildings or other uses either by radiation alone or in conjunction with a constant
supply of warmed fresh air and for ventilating purposes or for supply main or
continuous runs of pipes having for its object to provide a larger amount of heat
radiating surface than is obtained in the forms of pipes generally in use with a smaller
volume of water and a consequent saving in fuel and by the system of interlapping
the corrugations or like forms to considerably reduce the space generally occupied
by other Radiators.
I construct the pipes or tubes with annular corrugations as shewn in Figures 1
and 2, or of the shapes shewn in Figures 3 and 4 or any other similar shape having
the like object, I also construct the hollow slabs or chests with the corrugations as
shewn in Figure 5 or of the shapes shewn in Figures 3 and 4 or other shape as
before stated and which may run in any other direction than shown or the corrugations
or other shape may be on one side only and the other side flat or any other plain
surface the inside of such pipes or tubes and hollow plates or chests being of a similar
shape to the outside full waterway or steam space proportioned to the corrugations or
other shape is thereby provided as shewn.
The said pipes or tubes are made by preference of a circular section for minimising
the cost but may be made of any other suitable section.
To connect a series of the Radiating pipes or Tubes I use a top and bottom box
having a water or steam space as shewn A and B Figures 1 and 2 the pipes or
tubes having the ends accurately turned and faced to exactly equal lengths fit into
Sockets C formed in the boxes the joints being made with Vulcanized India Rubber
or other suitable packing and the whole secured together by a sufficient number of
bolts and nuts or instead of bolts and nuts hollow wrought Iron tubes and nuts may
be used as shewn Figures 1 and 2 which pass through the boxes and the pipes or tubes
by which the whole of the joints are securely and soundly made easily and cheaply.
They may be made any convenient height or number of pipes or tubes and either
of a single row in lengths or number of rows in width thereby preventing the
necessity of inconvenient and unsightly lengths of Radiators.
The corrugations in the pipes or tubes by alternating their position I make to
interlap each other by which no more space on plan is required than is used for a
plain pipe of the same size as the narrowest part of my corrugated pipes.
It will of course be understood that these Radiators may be plain or ornamented.
Figures 1 and 2 shew my invention as a Radiator combined with provision for
supplying warmed fresh air which is collected from an ordinary supply channel in the
bottom air chamber E and passing through the internal tubes D is again collected
in the chamber formed in the top box F and the cover G which having a grated top
allows a continuous current of warmed fresh air in a distributed manner."
The supply of cold air to the chamber E being regulated by any simple valve.
When required to use my invention as a heat Radiator only, the chambers E and F
are dispensed with and ordinary bolts and nuts are substituted for the wrought Iron
tubes D.

page_text: The mode of constructing the Radiators with the hollow slabs or chests is generally
as before described or they may be used alone without the top and bottom boxes.
By my Invention the following advantages are obtained.
1. By the system of corrugations or other like shapes I obtain a much larger
Radiating surface than that resulting from pipes of ordinary construction, the heating
surface being more than that of a 4 inch pipe although only occupying the same space
on plan as a 2 inch pipe and in like proportion for other sizes.
2. The Radiation is equally distributed in every direction, thus securing a most
perfect Radiation to every part of the floor and preventing cold draughts.
3. By the system of interlapping of the corrugations and other forms referred to
the heating power is more than double to the proportion of the volume of water
ordinarily required.
4. By the provision for the supply of warmed fresh air in addition to the radiation
of heat 1 provide a means of ventilation during hot weather or overheated rooms by
the admission of cold air through the tubes in a very distributed manner.
I also use the corrugated or like form of pipes or tubes for supply or circulating
mains or runs of pipes in conjunction with or independently of the Radiators or
Coils.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The employment of annular corrugated or other forms of pipes or tubes as
shewn, although I do not confine myself to the particular forms shown other shapes
may be used having a like object and which may be fixed in the boxes vertically
as shewn in the drawings or in any other suitable position or direction or for supply
mains or other runs of pipes with or without the Radiators or Coils substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
2. The corrugated or like form of hollow slabs or chests as shewn in the Drawing
which may be fixed in any position substantially as described and for the purpose sot
forth.
Dated thin 07th dan of Tune 1000
W. RICHARDSON.