Machinery or Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 25th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 31st Aug., 1888
Machinery or Apparatus therefor.
I CHARLES HENRY LAY of 30 Gilbraith Street, Cubitts Town in the County of
Middlesex Foreman of "Yarn" Spinning Mills do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of Ropes and Cords and
in the Machinery or Apparatus therefor whereby I am enabled to effect considerable
economy in the cost of labour and also simplify and cheapen the process of
manufacture.
My improvements are intended to take the place of the Bobbin Frame now in use
and also to do away with the now well known" Automatic" or other spinning frames
which are costly and intricate and will also save the cost of the bobbins now used.
For these purposes I construct a machine or apparatus which works directly in
connection and in conjunction with the strand and rope twisting machines of any well
known or suitable construction the object being to make a finished rope in one
continuous operation direct from the "sliver."
The Machine or apparatus is constructed as follows:-
Two fixed metal standards advantageously of disc form are mounted opposito to
each other and in these a toothed revolving ring of special construction is mounted
and inside of this a second similar toothed ring, each of these revolving rings having
a projecting flange or bearing on each face which runs in a corresponding circular
groove formed in the opposite faces of the fixed standards.
The larger ring is toothed on one side of its periphery by which teeth it is driven
by a toothed wheel on the driving shaft and has also on its periphery a second set of
teeth which gear with and drive a series of small intermediate toothed wheels which
again each drive four spindles (or it may be more or less if found practicable) while
a third set of teeth are formed on the inner circumference (in the same relative
position as the second set of teeth above described) and drive a number of spindles
direct.

page_text: The second revolving ring is arranged and constructed to act in a precisely similar
manner and is mounted within the previously described larger ring with the exception
of its being driven by a train of wheels geared with the before mentioned toothed
wheel on the driving shaft, an intermediate stud or regulating wheel being introduced
into this train of wheels by which the speed of the inner ring and spindles driven
therefrom can be regulated as required, and the same speed obtained for all the spindles
or varied as desired.
The spindles in a machine may vary in size and also in number from say 50 to 500
or more and are mounted horizontally in and have their bearings in the two standards
and are so arranged that they can be moved backwards in a longitudinal direction and
so throw their teeth out of gear with the driving teeth and thus stop their revolution
individually as required without affecting the rest of the machine.
The spindle" is formed hollow and has a short stationary tube (which is fixed to
the sliver conductor or otherwise secured) inserted in its back end and through this
the sliver is passed and then comes out through a hole in the spindle to the flyers and
after passing round a worm or screw formed on the end of the spindle the thread is
drawn off and passes through a guiding plate mounted at a suitable distance from the
spindles and thence the threads or yarns" are conducted directly into the strand
twisting machine and rope twisting machine and the finished rope is thus produced in
one operation.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Machinery or Apparatus therefor.
I. CHARLES HENRY LAY of 115 Eastferry Road Cubitts Town in the County of
Middlesex Foreman of "Yarn" Spinning Mills do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of ropes and cords and
in the machinery or apparatus therefor whereby I am enabled to effect considerable
economy in space and also in the cost of labour and also simplify and cheapen the
process of manufacture.
My improvements are intended to take the place of the yarn bobbin frame now in
general use and also to do away with the now well known "automatic"
or other
spinning frames which are costly and intricate, and will also save the cost of either
the sliver cans or bobbins now used.
For these purposes I construct a machine or apparatus which works directly in
connection and in conjunction with the strand and rope twisting machines of any
well known or suitable construction the main object being to make a finished rope in
one continuous operation direct from the "sliver."
And in order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
practice 1 will proceed to describe the drawings hereto annexed Figures 1 and 2 of
which show a front elevation and part side view and section of machinery and
apparatus arranged and constructed in accordance with my invention.
The machine or apparatus is constructed as follows:-
Two fixed metal standards A A advantageously of disc form are mounted opposite
to each other and in these a toothed revolving ring B of special construction is mounted
and inside of this a second similar toothed ring C each of these revolving rings
having a projecting flange B¹ C¹ or bearing on each face which runs in a corresponding
circular groove formed in the opposite faces of the fixed standards A A.
The larger ring B is toothed on one part Bx of its periphery by which teeth it is
driven by a toothed wheel D¹ on the driving shaft D and has also on the smaller part
of its periphery a second set of teeth which gear with and drive a series of small
intermediate toothed wheels E E which again each drive a number of spindles F.F
(the number being more or less as may be found practicable) while a third set of teeth
are formed on the inner circumference of the rings B and C (in the same relative
position as the second set of teeth above described) and drive a number of spindles
direct.
The second revolving ring C is arranged and constructed to act in a precisely
similar manner and is mounted within the previously described larger ring B with the
exception of its being driven by a train of wheels (not shown in the drawings) geared
with the shaft D of the before mentioned toothed wheel D' on the driving shaft D sc
as to gear up the inner ring and thus drive the inner ring spindles at the samo
approximate speed as the outer ring spindles.

page_text: An intermediate stud wheel (not shown) may be introduced into the train of wheels
by which the speed of the inner ring C and spindles F driven therefrom can also be
regulated as required and the same approximate direction and speed obtained for all
the spindles or varied as desired.
The spindles F in a machine may vary in size and also in number from say 50 to 500
or more and are mounted horizontally in and have their bearings in the two standards
and are so arranged that they can be moved backwards in a longitudinal direction and
so throw their teeth out of gear with the driving teeth and thus stop their revolution
individually as required without affecting the rest of the machine.
The "spindle is formed hollow and has a short stationary tube (which is fixed to
the "sliver "conductor or otherwise secured) inserted in its back end and through
this the "sliver" is passed and then comes out through a hole in the spindle to the
flyers and after passing round a worm or screw formed on the end of the spindle the
thread is then drawn off; or in place of such hollow spindle and worm another
arrangement of apparatus as shown in Figure 3 may be used.
Figure 3 shows one of these altered spindles F on a larger scale. A is the spindle
shaft, B the pinion by which it is driven, C the spindle or flyer, 1) the bobbin of
sliver, EE conducting rollers for sliver, F nipper to smooth the thread, G thread
leaving the nipper, H elastic band to regulate the grip of the nipper, I spring friction
break to check the revolution of the bobbin. (The sliver is compressed by means of
a sliver conductor such as is used on ordinary hemp drawing machines and in front of
the drawing machine I apply suitable apparatus which works in connection with the
rollers of the drawing machine before mentioned and thus the bobbins are filled with
the compressed sliver which can be taken out separately as required.) These bobbins
of sliver are placed in the flyer or spindle Figure 3 and thus the thread is twisted
by the said machine which thread will bear more strain than threads spun on machines
now in use.
In the case of either spindle the action of the machine is similar and for the same
purpose.
"
23
The thread when drawn off passes through a guiding plate mounted at a suitable
distance from the spindles and thence the threads or yarns are conducted by means
of a tube directly into well known strand twisting machinery and thence into well
known rope twisting machinery and the finished rope is thus produced in one
operation.
Figures 4 and 5 show a section and part elevation of a similar machine to that
previously described but somewhat differently arranged and adapted to the construc-
tion of larger machines. This modified arrangement will be found desirable when
larger machines are required as it facilitates the construction and brings the machine
more under control.
The large ring B is placed outside the plates A A and is made in the shape of a
flanged wheel having teeth on its inner and outer peripheries as in the arrangement
previously described but instead of being driven by a second row of teeth on its outer
periphery it is mounted on a hollow shaft D (running in bearings fixed to a suitable
frame or standards A* A*) which is driven by the toothed wheel D'.
The ring C is made similar to the ring B and is mounted between the two plates A A
on a shaft Cx which passes through the hollow shaft D of the ring B and is driven
by suitable gearing from the toothed wheel D' on the shaft D.
Another and smaller plate A¹ similar to the plate A A is mounted on the front
plate A to take the bearing of the spindles F gearing with the inner teeth of the
ring C. The action and operation of the machine is in all other respects the same as
that shown and described with reference to Figures 1. 2. and 3. of the drawings. For
some purposes the yarns or threads produced by my improved apparatus may be
wound onto bobbins instead of being closed directly into strands and thence
into ropes.
It will be obvious that if desired one driving ring or wheel only (either B or C)
may be used alone for small rope making machines and also if desired the spindles
may be driven from the periphery only or off the inner circumference only as in the

page_text: arrangements previously described I have shown the method of driving a very largo
number or even the maximum number of spindles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The use and application of the large ring or wheel B toothed both on its
periphery and its inner circumference for driving a series of spindles of suitable
construction either directly or indirectly and arranged to act substantially in the
manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2,
4 and 5 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. The use and application of the smaller ring or wheel C toothed both on its
periphery and its inner circumference for driving a series of spindles of suitable
construction either directly or indirectly and arranged to act substantially in the
manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1. 2.
4 and 5 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
3. The arrangement construction and combination of the two rings or wheels B
and C acting in conjunction with one another and with suitable spindles substan-
tially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated by
the drawings hereunto annexed.
4. In the manufacture of ropes and cords the arrangement and construction of
apparatus or machinery hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings annexed
acting in conjunction and connection with suitable strand twisting and rope
twisting machinery substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.
5. The improved process of manufacturing ropes and cords directly from the sliver
by spinning the thread or yarn on my improved apparatus or machine and then
twisting such thread or yarn into strands and such strands into rope in one continuous
operation substantially as set forth.
6. The improved arrangement and construction of apparatus or machinery for
manufacturing ropes and cords substantially in the manner and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and represented in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 25th day of July 1888.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.