AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR HARDENING STONES AND PLASTER OF PARIS, AND MAKING. THEM IM- PERVIOUS TO WATER
Year: 1861

page_text: 1 LETTERS PATENT to Jean Baptiste Hulard and Louis Guillaume Poupel,
of Paris, France, Gentlemen, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS
FOR HARDENING STONES AND PLASTER OF PARIS, AND MAKING. THEM IM-
PERVIOUS TO WATER."
Sealed the 20th May 1862, and dated the 25th November 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Baptiste Hulard and
Louis Guillaume Poupel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 25th November 1861.
We, JEAN BAPTISTE HULARD and LOUIS GUILLAUME POUPEL, of Paris,
France, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR HARDENING STONES. AND PLASTER OF PARIS, AND
MAKING THEM IMPERVIOUS TO WATER," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved process for hardening stones and
plaster of Paris, and making them impervious to wet; and the same consists
in providing the said materials with one or more successive coatings of a
liquid composition formed of the following ingredients :-

page_text: The slag, kaolin, white lead, sulphate of alumina, acetate of lead, borax,
and silicate of soda or of potash, are each separately reduced to a finely
pulverized state; the powdered silicate and borax are dissolved by boiling in
the water, the linseed oil and the other ingredients are then mixed therein,
and the entire brought to a homogeneous liquid, of which the stones or plaster
of Paris are to receive successively one or more coatings-or layers according to
the nature of the stones.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Baptiste Hulard and Louis Guillaume Poupel in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th May 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JEAN
BAPTISTE HULARD and LOUIS GUILLAUME POUPEL, of Paris, France, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her. heirs and. successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Jean Baptiste Hulard and Louis Guillaume Poupel, Her special
licence that we, the said Jean Baptiste Hulard and Louis Guillaume Poupel,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Jean
Baptiste Hulard and Louis Guillaume Poupel, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others from time to
time, and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR HARDENING STONES AND PLASTER OF
PARIS, AND MAKING THEM IMPERVIOUS TO WATER," upon the condition (amongst
-others)-that-we,-the-said-Jean-Baptiste-Elulard-and-Louis-Guillaume-Poupel,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said.
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Jean Baptiste Hulard and Louis
Guillaume Peupel, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described.
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our Invention consists in an improved process for hardening or indurating
stones, whether natural or artificial, and plaster of Paris, and making them at
the same time impervious to water. The process consists in providing the
said materials with one or more successive layers or coatings of a liquid, the.
composition of which is as follows:-Although the relative quantities of the:
components of the said liquid may of course vary more or less according to the
nature of the materials to be acted upon. Or the stones or the objects made,
of plaster of Paris may be soaked or immersed in our said indurating liquid,
till after having been removed therefrom and dried they are found to be
sufficiently hardened for the purpose to be obtained. The successive coatings
or thin layers of the liquid may also be applied simply by a brush, sponge, or
any other suitable means.
The composition which we prefer for our indurating liquid is as follows:-
Slag from blast furnaces or
smelting hearths
Borax
White lead
Sulphate of alumina
Acetate of lead -
دو
A voirdupoise:
7 oz. 1 d..
about 200 grammes or
30
or
1 oz.
2 d.
"
"
50
-or
1 oz.
12 d.
"
50
or
1 oz.
12 d.
"
25
or
14 d.
"
Sulphate of zinc
25
or
14 d.
"
""
Silicate of soda or of potash
2000
3
وو
or 4 lb.
6 oz.
9 d.
Kaolin
200
or
7 oz.
1 d.
"
"
Linseed oil
500
"
"
or 1 lb.
1 oz. 10 d.
Water
1000
"
"
or 2 lb.
3 oz. 4 d.
:
The slag, kaolin, and white lead are each separately reduced to an almost
impalpable powder, whilst the borax, the sulphate of alumina, the acetate
of lead, the sulphate of zinc, and the silicate of soda or of potash, are each
separately dissolved in boiling water, then mixed together, after which the
inseed oil and the powdered slag, kaolin, and white lead are incorporated
therein, so as to form the entire into a homogenous liquid, which may either
be used in that state or any suitable quantity of water added thereto, and the
iquid be applied in the warm or in the cold state to the stones or to the objects
n plaster of Paris which are to be hardened, it being understood that each
successive coating is, to take place only after the preceding one has become
sufficiently dry.
We wish it to be understood that we do not intend to restrict or restrain

page_text: ourselves to the precise proportions above; indicated of our indurating or
hardening liquid, as these proportions may, as, has been mentioned already,.
greatly vary according to the nature of the objects or materials to be indurated
or hardened; neither do we intend to restrict ourselves to any particular,
manner of applying the indurating liquid to the objects to be hardened, but
what we consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the
Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters.
Patent is, the combination of the materials of which our indurating liquid is
formed.
j
.In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Guillaume Poupel, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
DREYFOUS,
Eng. Civil.
L. G. POUPEL. (L:S.)