AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROTECTING PERSONS AND PROPERTY PROM ACCIDENT IN CARRIAGES
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISIDORE
BERTRAND, residing at St. Jean d'Angely, in France, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Thirtieth day of August,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine; in the thirteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and, successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Isidore Bertrand, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Isidore Bertrand, my
exors, adñiors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Isidore Bertrand,
my exors, adors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Guernsey,
Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROTECTING
PERSONS AND PROPERTY PROM ACCIDENT IN CARRIAGES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Isidore Bertrand, shall cause
a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Isidore Bertrand, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement. thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in certain mechanical arrangements adapted to the
axletrees of wheels for vehicles, by which the wheels and horse or horses can
be stopped at will, and thereby entirely preventing accidents from horses
running away.
:
Figure 1 represents a front view of the axletree of a vehicle. . A is the
body of the axle. N, N', the barrels. D, D', the shoulders, over which the
pulley B, as well as the break B₁, slide. o, o', are the head pieces or cover-
ings by which the break and the pulley are concealed. "E; E', are two racks
catching at one of their extremities with the cogs F, F, and at the other
extremity with the pulley 'B and break B', as it is seen in Figure 2, which is
a longitudinal section drawn through the middle of Figure 1. M, M', are
two crank arms causing the catchings F, F', to move.
The Figures 3 and 4 répresent a plan and section of the pulley B. In that
Figure g is a groove, in which is set the top of the rack E, E. a, b, c, d,
are four cogs. h, i, j, k, are four click teeth. P. is a strap or string made of
any suitable and solid substance..
The Figures 6 and 7 represent the plan and section of the break B'. Qis
a circle set between the two parts composing the break, and pressed by means
of the four screws n,o, p, q. g is a groove, into which is placed the racks E.
When I cause the crank arm M.to rise relatively to the catching F, the pulley.
will perform a revolution from right to left, which will compel the teeth
a, b, c, d, to enter in the nave, and the pulley.will turn with the strap P.
Before giving the' above motion, I pass the strap P. in, the musrol of the
bridle, and afterwards in the ring of the collar, to be finally attached to the
musrol. The strap will be wound up on the pulley B, and will cause the
horse to stop. The catch e, and the four cogs h, i, j, k, serve to prevent the
wheel from turning, backward: if the horse were. endeavoring to draw back.
The manner of working the break B' is exactly the same as that of the
pulley B. It replaces the locking of the wheel. when going-down-a-hill,-and
prevents the horse drawing back. The Figure 2 shews that the system herein-
before described is equally applicable to the elbowed. axletree. The same
letters of reference in the two Figures represent parts which are similar. The
letter A, however, in Figure 2, represents the lever which replaces the catch-
ing F, seen in Figure 1. I can also, by means of a crank similar to that of a
bell, and by using rods instead of wires, communicate an alternate motion to

page_text: the spindle L, Figure 1. That apparatus can easily be concealed within the
vehicle by setting it between the pannels and the trimmings. The shape of
the elbowed axletree has suggested to me the following alteration in the
herein-before described improvement :-Instead of the catchings F, F', and
their gearing, I use two elbowed levers, and I place a small spring behind the
rack E, to maintain the pulley B on the catch c, without rotating with the
wheel. When the pulley has made a certain number of rotations, the horse
is pulled up, and if allowed to run in that position without any more restraint
the pulley is unhooked without pressing on the lock. The spring will maine
tain the pulley on the catch, and the strap being prevented from unrolling the
horse will remain in the same position. When it is required to set it free I
press an instant on the break, so as to weigh lightly on the spring, by which
means the pulley becomes free, and the strap is unrolled. For a straight axle
all the pieces are exactly similar, but the pieces E, E', are placed in an
inverted position.
And having now described my Invention, and the manner of performing the
same, I declare that I do not claim as any part of my Invention the various
separate parts of the machinery herein-before described, taken separately and'
singly, nor do I confine myself to the precise details of the several parts or
organs of the apparatus as laid down in the description herein-before given for
carrying my Invention into execution, provided the general features and effects
be similar to those herein-before described; but what I claim as my Inven-
tion, and intended to be protected by the aforesaid Letters Patent, is the
mechanical arrangements for stopping wheels of vehicles, and the horse or
horses, by a break set on their axletree, as herein-before described, reference
being had to the several Figures of the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isidore Bertrand, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty:
Taken and acknowledged by Isidore
Bertrand (party hereto) at Charente,
in France, this 25th day of February,
1850, before me,
ISIDORE (L.s.) BERTRAND.
J. CLOSE,

page_text: This is the Specification referred to in the Affidavit of William Armand
Gilbee, sworn before me, this 28th day of February 1850,
R. CROSBY.
Willian Armand Gilbee, of No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, maketh oath and saith, That he is acquainted with
the manner and character of the handwriting of D'Abbadie, Deputy of John
Close, Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Charente in France; and this Depo-
nent further saith, that the signature "D'Abbadie," set, subscribed, or written
in the margin of the Specification hereunto annexed marked A, and dated the
Twenty-fifth day of February instant, and purporting to be executed by Isidore
Bertrand of St. Jean d'Angely, in the Republic of France, whereby it is stated
that the Specification was acknowledged by him, the said 'Isidoro Bertrand,
before the said D'Abbadie, Deputy of the said John Close, on the Twenty-
fifth day of February, at Charente aforesaid, is of the proper handwriting of
the said D'Abbadic.
Enrolled the Twenty-eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty.