IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING OR REDUCING TO IMPALPABLE POWDER BARYTAS, COCOAS, REFINED SUGAR, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, BOTH VEGETABLE AND MINERAL
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Cole, of No. 24, Victoria Park Road,
South Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
**IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING OR REDUCING TO IMPALPABLE
POWDER BARYTAS, COCOAS, REFINED SUGAR, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, BOTH
VEGETABLE AND MINERAL.”
Scaled the 6th July 1875, and dated the 12th January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Cole at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th January 1875.
I, FREDERICK COLE, of No. 24, Victoria Park Road, South Hackney,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
· Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING OR REDUCING TO
IMPALPABLE POWDER BARYTAS, Cocoas, REFINED SUGAR, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES,
BOTH VEGETABLE AND MINERAL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery for crushing or
reducing to impalpable powder, barytas, cocoas, refined sugar, and
similar substances, both vegetable and mineral, and consists of a machine

page_text: in which I use iron or other rollers revolving in an iron frame furnished
with scrapers to clean each roller as it revolves, also with knives and
sometimes with combs to clean the iron bed, the rollers passing over it
and crushing the substance placed thercon. When this is sufficiently
crushed a shovel is lowered mechanically by the action of the apparatus, 5
and is capable of being set by a screw to remove the substance from the
bed, the shovel removing the substance on to a sieve to sift it before
the packing operation. This appliance is attached to the iron frame
which the rollers pass over in order that the bed may be ready to receive
a fresh supply. This frame is worked backwards and forwards by chains 1
or other means by the aid of a hand wheel placed at the end of another
iron frame arranged adjacent thereto over which the chain frame
travels.
The frame may be provided with shifting gear so as to use steam or
water power if necessary for working the same.
The iron bed lays level on either a wooden bed or on masonry, and
weights can be used for increasing the crushing power of the rollers,
those being placed over the said rollers and carried in a box over the
first-mentioned frame.
The rollers used in this machine being furnished with scrapers, combs, 1
and knives will prevent any clogging, a desidoratum, especially for
cocoa and sugar, not hitherto obtained.
The substance operated upon is completely reduced to impalpable
powder and sifted if necessary ready for use.
]
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patont, 28
filed by the said Frederick Cole in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
COLE, of 24, Victoria Park Road, South Hackney, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-five, in
80

page_text: 〃
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Frederick Cole, Her
special licence, that I, the said Frederick Cole, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick Cole,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might mako, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING OR REDUCING TO IMPALPABLE
POWDER BARYTAS, COCOAS, REFINED SUGAR, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, BOTH
VEGETABLE AND MINERAL," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Frederick Cole, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
3 particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six.
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Cole, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery for crushing or
reducing to impalpable powder barytas, cocoas, refined sugar, and
similar substances, both vegetable and mineral, and consists of a machine
in which I use iron or other rollers revolving in an iron frame furnished
with scrapers to clean each roller as it revolves; also with knives and
sometimes with combs to clean the iron bed, the rollers passing over and:
crushing the substance placed thereon. When this is sufficiently
crushed, a shovel is lowered mechanically and set by a screw to remove
the substance from the bed, the shovel removing the substance on to a
sieve to sift it before the packing operation. This appliance is attached
to the iron frame which the rollers pass over in order that the bed may
be ready to receive a fresh supply. This frame is worked backwards and
forwards by chains or other means by the aid of a hand wheel placed at
the end of the same, or another iron frame arranged adjacent thereto
over which the chain frame travels,

page_text: The frame may be provided with shifting gear so as to uso steam and
water power if necessary for working the same.
The iron bed lays level on either a wooden bed or on masonry, and
weights can be used for increasing the crushing power of the rollers,
these being placed over the said rollers and carried in a box over the 5
first-mentioned frame.
water power if necessary for working the same.
The iron bed lays level on either a wooden bed or on masonry, and
weights can be used for increasing the crushing power of the rollers,
these being placed over the said rollers and carried in a box over the 5
first-mentioned frame.
The rollers used in this machine being furnished with scrapers, combs,
and knives will prevent any clogging, a desideratum, especially for
cocoa and sugar, not hitherto obtained.
The substance operated upon is reduced to impalpable powder and 1
sifted if necessary ready for use.
My Invention is clearly shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 is a side view or elevation, Figure 2 a partial section trans-
versely, and Figure 3 a plan, in which A is the frame supporting a bed
plate B with raised side edges, between which rollers C, C, of a travelling 1
reciprocating frame D are free to move and be guided in. The crushing
rollers are capable of being, with the frame, drawn to and fro on the bed
plate by chains E, E, attached to the frame D and to an end pulley or
drum F, one chain giving off while the other is being wound on
alternately when the crank handle G is turned round, which it may bo i
by hand, the motion being accelerated by the fly wheel H.
The material to be crushed or reduced to powder is placed upon the
bed plato and the rollers travel over it to perform the crushing operation,
which they can do to the greatest degree of division, according to the
number of times their frame is moved to and fro, the operation being
assisted by weights placed upon the frame if necessary.
In the Drawing I have shown a box I upon the frame D in which
stones, heavy pieces of iron, or other suitable body can be placed.
J, Figure 4, is a detached view of a comb plate, a series of which I
hang on the frame D, as in Figure 1, for loosening the material, the
comb teeth passing through the substance by a scraping operation
without altering the level or moving the material to either end of the
bed plate, the comb being drawn over the substance or material on the
reverse motion of the rollers' frame taking place.

page_text: Instead of the combs I fit or hang knife blades M, M, one of which
is shown. separately in Figure 5, on the travelling frame D, which knife,
blade can be caused to scrape the bed plate and to underrun the ground;
or crushed substance.
The sieve N is fitted at one end of the main frame A, by which the,
crushed substance becomes sifted into a receptacle beneath. from an
agitation or vibration given to it by the machine while at work, the
larger particles. not passing through the meshes of the sieve being
afterwards returned to the bed plate for a further crushing operation.
The sieve may be detached by hand and be shaken to cause the fine
particles to pass through the meshes, the larger particles being returned
to the table and the sieve refitted.
A shovel blade Q is attached to the travelling frame, and the
pressure of a threaded' rod K will cause the shovel blade to press
upon the table and scrape the crushed substance along it and on to the
sieve.
.
The machine constructed and arranged as described and as shown, is
particularly applicable for crushing and reducing minerals, grains, nuts,
berries, and other hard substances, both mineral and vegetable; also soft
substances such as sugar; it is also applicable for mixing during a crush-
ing or reducing operation of different substances that may be placed
upon the table for the purpose.
I prevent the crushing rollers becoming clogged by scrapers P, one of
which is shown detached in Figure 6, these being arranged in the
frame D to press by their own weight or aided by springs or screws.
The substance or substances when sufficiently ground or crushed can
be removed by a shovel or scoop by hand to be sifted before being
packed.
The travelling box with its rollers and appliances can be caused to
reciprocate on the bed plate by the action of steam, water, or other
power, suitable reversing gear being fitted thereto.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my
improvements in machinery for crushing or reducing to impalpable
3 powder barytas, cocoas, refined sugar, and similar substances, both
vegetable and mineral,-

page_text: The machine herein-before described and shown and its operation, as
and for the purposes set forth, also the modified methods of moving the
travelling box and appliances.
Secondly. I claim the crushing or reducing of hard or soft substances
capable of being reduced to impalpable powder by weighted rollers
having a reciprocating action imparted to them on a square or rectangular
table or bed plate in the manner described and shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Cole, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-five.
F COLE (18)