IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO TURBINES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
and Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO TURBINES." A communication
from abroad by William F. Jobbins, George E. Raymond, and Isaac Sherck,
all of the City and State of New York United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1881.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO
TURBINES." [A communication from abroad by William F. Jobbins, George E.
Raymond, and Isaac Sherck, all of the City and State of New York, United States
of America.]
This Invention relates to turbines or water-wheels, the objects being to provide
a wheel of this type in which the maximum power of the water may be utilized;
to decrease the water between the gates and wheel case; to allow of the ready
adjustment and bevelling of the gate, and to obviate wear and friction in its
bottom; to provide pivoted gate-wings adapted to be automatically opened and
closed by actuating the gate; to furnish a globe-case in which the water may flow
in a circular path completely around the wheel and in the same direction as that
of the wheel; to provido a casing for the wheel, of such construction that access
to the wheel may be readily had without disturbing or removing the stuffing box
for the wheel or gate spindles; to provide simple and efficient means for securing
the top of the casing to the main portion thereof; to provide means for preventing
any accidental displacement of the gate, and also take any undue strain or wear
off from the worn gearing, by means of which the gate is rotated; and to provide
simple and efficient connections between the gate and its rack.
The said Invention consists in various details of constructions and combinations
of parts, as hereinafter described.

page_text: In carrying the said Invention into practice I provide a globe or penstock case,
having an induction-opening through which water is admitted to the wheel. The
periphery of the case, together with an inwardly projecting fat flange, is made of
a single casting.
The casing of the wheel is constructed with a horizontal flange which rests upon
the aforesaid flat flange of the globe casing and is secured thereto by means of
pivoted lugs which are secured in place by means of screw-bolts.
The said casing
is also provided with a downwardly projecting flange having perforated ears to
which are removably secured the opposite ends of a step-bar by means of screws
extending through the depending perforated ears and through flanges formed on
the ends of the step bar; an adjustable conical step-bearing is inserted through the
centre of the step-bar, the conical end thereof entering a corresponding bearing
in the lower end of the wheel spindle. By raising or lowering the step boaring
the wheel may be secured in any desired vertical adjustment. The wheel casing
is provided with any desired number of vertically adjustable bearings which are
located in the aforesaid horizontal flange and serve to support the lower ring of a
gate. Bearings are adapted to be vertically adjusted by means of a screw, which
latter has pointed or wedge-shaped ends that engage with the undersides of the
bearings whereby the latter may be raised to any desired point. The object of
providing adjustable bearings for the gate is to obviate the wear on the lower gate
ring and the horizontal flange of the wheel casing. Further, the friction between
the gate and casing is materially reduced for the following reason:-When the
gate rests upon the flange of the wheel casing and has a continuous bearing thereon
any sand or abrading substance that may find lodgement between the bottom of
the gate and the supporting flange of the wheel casing will operate to cut and wear
away the gate and casing, and also materially increase the friction between such
parts so that an undue amount of power is necessary to adjust the gate. By
employing vertically adjustable bearings for supporting the gate the weight and
wear is transferred upon said bearings instead of upon the gate and casing, and
when the bearings become unduly worn they may be vertically adjusted to take
up for any such wear. The bearings may be renewed when desired. Should sand
work in between the gate and casing it is enabled to escape without wearing the
parts, as the supporting bearings are adjusted so that the gate will be slightly
raised above the supporting flange of the wheel casing. The top ring of the gate
is provided with radially adjustable wooden bearings (three or more), cach of
which is provided with an elongated slot through which is inserted a screw. Tho
inner ends of their wooden bearings are forced in snug contact and the upper ring
of the wheel case. The purpose of these wooden bearings is to take up any wear
between the gate and wheel case; should any sand find its way between the gato and
wheel case both parts will be worn and considerable friction is the result, but by
employing the wooden bearings the wear and friction are materially lessened. Theso
bearings may be made of any hard wood, and are so constructed that the ends of the
grain of wood will bear against the upper ring of the wheel case. The wheel case is
provided with any desired number of inclined ports, the rear wall of each port is
chambered in order to provide ample clearance and lessen the friction of the water
as it passes through the ports to the wheel. To the horizontal flange are secured
upright pivots equal in number to the number of ports in the wheel case; upon
each upright or vertical pivot is pivoted a gate wing, the latter having cars formed
on its rear side and near its forward end. Each gate wing is of such length that
its rear end will swing around and fit against the rear wall or edge of the adjacent
port in the wheel case, and when in such open position the inner surface of the gate
wing and the inclined wall of the port will be in alignment, thereby forming a
straight chute for the passage of the water to the wheel. Each gato wing is
provided at its forward end and on its lower edge with an arm, which engages
with the outer edge of the lower ring of the gate, said edges having notches or
depressions formed therein. When the gate is wide open the rear end of the gate

page_text: wing will fit against the rear wall or edge of the port in the wheel case and project
slightly beneath the forward edge of the partition of the gate. The arm will
engage with the smooth or circular portion of the edge of the gate ring, and the
gate wing will be securely held against displacement by turning the gate, so as to
contract the openings of the ports; the rear ends of the gate wings are retained
against accidental displacement, and the construction and management of parts
is simple, of small initial cost, not liable to disarrangement, and easy of operation.
In a modified construction the arm instead of being formed of metal consists of
wooden blocks located in a loop formed on a port wicket; a inetal follow block is
seated against the wooden block and a set screw inserted through the loop bears
against the follow block, and thus secures the wooden block in any desired
adjustment; thus the gate wings are furnished with an adjustable wooden bearing
which may be replaced when desired.
At
The upper and lower gate rings are bevelled upwardly from their outer to their
inward edges for the purpose of directing the flow of water upwardly against the
buckets of the wheel, and thus assist in sustaining the weight of the wheel and
lessening its friction on its bearings, and also obviate the tendency of the water
to slip on the buckets. The wheel is provided with buckets, which are secured at
their upper ends to a crown and at their inner edges to a drum. The buckets
extend outward tangentially from the drum, the outer ends thereof being provided
with sides, the forward edges of which are made sharp so as to constitute cutters
and prevent any undue friction of the water as it strikes the sides of the bucket
but deflects the water into the buckets. The lower ends of the buckets are
rearwardly inclined to form an inclined downwards discharge, and thereby causo
the weight of the water to assist in imparting rotary movement to the wheel.
the junction of the vertical and rearwardly inclined portions of the buckets there
is formed a horizontal surface which serves to forin a pocket in the bucket for
holding the water against the vertical portion of the bucket until its reaction force
is utilized, and then allow the weight of the water to act on the rearwardly
inclined portion of the bucket. This particular feature in the form of the buckets
I consider of great value and importance. In the ordinary form of bucket the
vertical and inclined portions are connected by a curved surface, or the bucket
is on a gradual curve from its top to its bottom. But such buckets are objectionable
owing to the fact that the water will slip on the curved portion thereof, and henco
the reaction-force of the water can be only partially utilized. But by providing
a pocket at the lower end of the vertical portion of the bucket the water is
chambered in its concussion and prevented from slipping; thus the maximum force
due to the weight and reactive force of the water is utilized in imparting motion
to the wheel.
The globe or penstock-case is formed on a true circle, thereby ensuring a
continuous circular passage around the gate, and thus allowing the water to enter
the case at right angles to the wheel and flow through the gate and be discharged
into the buckets. Should there be any surplussage of water it will flow around the
wheel in a truc circle and mingle with the supply, and thus prevent any disturbance
of the flow or reaction of the current due to abutments or partitions in the casing
as ordinarily constructed. The globe casing is constructed with a ledge or flange
with which engage hooked ends of screw-bolts which are used to fasten the casing
ring to the top of the case. The hooked bolts are first inserted in the casing ring
and the latter placed in position when the hooked ends of the bolts are turned
beneath a ledge or flange and nuts; these being turned down the casing is firmly
secured in place; the crown plate of the wheel case is secured to the casing ring
by means of screws or bolts inserted through lugs attached to the casing ring, and
n screw inserted through a bracket attached to a frame in which the gate operating
devices are located. The crown plate is provided with a stufling box in which is
located the upper end of the wheel spindle. This construction of casing renders it
an easy matter to gain access to the wheel without removing the crown plate, and
hence not disturbing the stuffing box. It is simply necessary to loosen the hooked

page_text: bolts and screws and lift the casing ring with its gate operating mechanism
attached thereto, and thus render the wheel and gate accessible without necessitating
the removal of the crown plate or disturbing the stuffing box of the wheel shaft or
spindle.
There is a gate rack provided at one end with a segmental rack. This rack is
journalled at its central portion upon the hub or stuffing box of the crown plate;
to the opposite ends of the gate rack are attached the pins which extend downwardly
through elongated slots, the casing ring, and through slide plates located beneath
the elongated slots, the lower ends of said pins entering holes formed in the upper
gate ring; the slide plates are retained in place by means of keepers. Thus it
will be observed that the gate rack engages with the opposite sides of the gate, and
distributes the power equally to the same for adjusting it; the side plate serves
to prevent any escape of water through the elongated slots in the casing ring;
the pins are arranged to enter holes in the upper ring of the gate and allow the
casing to be removed without disturbing the gate or its actuating mechanism;
within the frame nttached to the casing ring is journalled a worm shaft which
engages with a worn wheel mounted on a shaft; n pinion is also rigidly secured
to the said shaft and meshes with a segmental rack, hence the worm shaft being
turned serves to move the gate rack and open or close the gate according to the
direction in which the worm is revolved. To the end of the shaft is secured an
arm having an adjustable counterweight secured thereto, the purpose of which is
as follows:-The tendency of the gate wings is to close, which is due to the pressure
of water against them. To counteract such force and relieve the worm shaft and
gear of undue strain, I employ the said counterweight, the latter operating in
opposition to the force exerted on the gate wings; I may connect the counterweight
with the gate so as to balance it in various positions; as, for instance, it may bo
made separate and distinct from the gate operating mechanism and operate in
connection with a rack attached to the gate.
Any suitable packing is located over the point formed between the wheel case
and gate, and the packing is secured in place by means of clips.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th December 1881.
AND
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
18
"IMPROVEMENTS
Southampton Buildings, London.
RELATING TO
TURBINES." A communication from abroad by William F. Jobbins, George E.
Raymond, and Isaac Sherck, all of the City and State of New York, United States
of America.
This Invention relates to improvements in turbines or turbine water-wheels, and
has for its objects to provide a wheel of this type in which the maximum power
of the water may be utilized; to decrease the water between the gates and the
wheel-case; to permit the ready adjustment and bevelling of the gate, and to
obviate wear and friction in its bottom; to provide pivotted gate-wings adapted
to be automatically opened and closed by actuating the gato; to furnish a globe-
case, in which the water may flow in a circular path completely around the wheel
and in the same direction as the latter; to provide a casing for the wheel of such
construction that access to the said wheel may be readily had without disturbing
or removing the stuffing box for the wheel or gate spindles; to provide simple and
efficient means for securing the top of the casing to the main portion thereof; to
provide means for preventing any accidental displacement of the gate, and also to
take any undue strain or wear off from the worm wheel, by means of which the
gate is rotated, and to provide simple and efficient connections between the said
gate and its rack. With these objects in view the said Invention consists in
various novel details of construction and combinations of parts, as hereinafter
described and as illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a turbine or water-wheel embodying my
Invention, and
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of the wheel proper, and
Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the buckets of the same.
Figure 5 is a side elevation of the wheel-case, and
Figure 6 is a plan of the same partly in horizontal section on a line drawn
through the ports of the said wheel-case.
Figure 7 is a vertical section through the gate and wheel-case showing the
devices employed for adjusting the gate vertically.
Figure 8 is a sectional view representing a portion of the said gate with the
wooden bearing, which serves as a laterally adjustable bearing for the gate.
Figure 9 is a sectional view representing one of the vertically adjustable
bearings, upon which the bottom of the gate-wing rests.
Figure 10 is a sectional view representing one of the pivoted gate-wings in its
open position.
Figure 11 is a similar view showing it in its closed position.
Figure 12 is a perspective view of one of the said pivoted gate-wings.
Figure 13 is a perspective view partly in section representing one of the gate
wings and a portion of a gate ring.
Figure 14 is a sectional detached view showing the manner of attaching the top
of the globe-case to the main portion thereof.
Figure 15 is a plan or top view of the interior of the globe or penstock-case.
Figure 16 is an underside view of the crown-plate and ring connected there-
with

page_text: Figure 17 is a plan or top view of the wheel with the upper portion of the
globe-case removed.
Figure 18 represents in plan a detached view, and
Figure 19 a horizontal section of a modification of the said Invention hereinafter
described.
Some of the above named Figures are drawn to a larger scale than the others.
A represents the globe or penstock-caso provided with an induction opening a,
through which water is admitted to the wheel. The periphery a¹ of the case,
together with the inwardly projecting flat flange a³, are made of a single casting.
B is the casing of the wheel C. This casing B is constructed with a horizontal
flange b, which rests upon the flat flange a² of the globe casing, and is secured
thereto by means of pivotted lugs b', which are secured in place by means of
screw-bolts b. The wheel-casing B is also provided with a downwardly projecting
flange having perforated cars 63, to which are removably secured the opposite ends
of the step-bar by means of screws 6%. These screws extend through the
depending ears 63 and through flanges be formed on the ends of the step-bar b*.
An adjustable conical step bearing c is inserted through the centre of the said step-
bar, its conical end entering a corresponding bearing in the lower end of the
wheel-spindle c¹. By raising or lowering this step-bearing the wheel may be
secured in any desired position vertically. The wheel-casing B is provided with
any desired number of vertically adjustable bearings B', which are located in the
horizontal flange b, and serve to support the lower ring d of the gate D. These
bearings B are adapted to be adjusted vertically by means of screws B2, which
have pointed or wedge-shaped ends that engage with the undersides of the bearings,
whereby the latter may be raised to any desired point. The object of providing
adjustable bearings for the gate is to obviate the wear on the lower gate-ring and
the horizontal flange of the wheel-casing. Furthermore, the friction between the
gate and the casing is materially reduced for the following reason, viz. :-When
the gate rests upon the flange of the wheel-casing, and has a continuous bearing
thereon, nny sand or abrading substance that may find lodgement between the
bottom of the gate and the supporting flango of the wheel casing will operate to
cut and wear away the gate and casing, and also materially increase the friction
between such parts, so that an undue amount of power is necessary to adjust the
gate. By employing vertically adjustable bearings for supporting the gate the
weight and wear are transferred to the said bearings instead of to the gate and
casing, and when the bearings become unduly worn they may be vertically
adjusted to take up for any such wear. The said bearings may be renewed when
desired. Should sand work in between the gate and the casing it is enabled to
escape without causing the wear of the parts, as the supporting bearings are so
adjusted that the gate will be slightly raised above the supporting flange of the
wheel-casing.
The top-ring of the gate D is provided with radially adjustable wooden
bearings D (three or more), each of which is provided with an elongated slot a³
through which is inserted a screw d. The inner ends of these wooden bearings
are forced into snug contact with the upper-ring d' of the wheel-case. The purpose
of these wooden bearings is to take up any wear between the gate and the wheel-
case should any sand find its way between the said gate and wheel-case both parts
will bo worn, and considerable friction is the result; but by employing the said
wooden bearings the wear and friction are materially lessened. These bearings may
be made of any hard wood, and are so constructed that the ends of the grain of the
wood will bear against the upper ring of the wheel-case. The said wheel-case is
provided with any desired number of inclined ports E; the rear wall e of each of
these posts is chambered as at el in order to provide ample clearance and lessen the
friction of the water as it passes through the ports to the wheel. To the horizontal
flange are secured upright pivots c³, equal in number to the number of ports in the
wheel-case. Upon each of these upright or vertical pivots e is pivoted a gate-
wing F, having ears formed on its rear side, and near its forward end each gate-

page_text: wing F is of such length that its rear end will swing around and fit against the
rear wall or edge f of the adjacent port in the wheel-case; and when in such open
position the inner surface of the gate-wing and the inclined wall of the port will
be in alignment, thereby forming a straight chute for the passage of the water to
the wheel. Each gate-wing is provided at its forward end and on its lower edge
with an arm F' which engages with the outer edge of the lower ring of the gate,
the said edge having notches or depressions F formed therein, as shown in
Figures 10 and 13. When the gate is wide open the rear end of the gate-wing
will fit against the rear wall or edge of the port in the wheel-case, and project
slightly beneath the forward edge f¹ of the partition Fs of the gate. When the
parts are in this position the arm F engages with the smooth or circular portion ƒ³
of the edge of the gate-ring, and the gate-wing will be securely held against
displacement by turning the gate so as to contract the openings of the ports. The
rear ends of the gate-wings are retained against accidental displacement, and the
construction and management of the parts are simple, and the machine is of small
initial cost, not liable to disarrangement and easy of operation.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 18 and 19, the arm F' instead of being
formed of metal, consists of a wooden block Z located in a loop Z' formed on the
port-wicket; a metal follow-block or gib is seated against the said wooden block
and a set-screw inserted through the loop Z¹ bears against the said follow
block 3, and thus secures the wooden block in any desired position. Thus it will
be observed that the gate-wings are furnished with an adjustable wooden bearing
which may be replaced when desired.
The upper and lower gate-rings are bevelled upwardly from their outer to their
inner edges, so as to direct the flow of water upwardly against the buckets G of
the wheel C, and thus assist in sustaining the weight of the said wheel and loosening
its friction on its bearings, and also obviate the tendency of the water to slip on
the buckets. These buckets G are secured at their upper ends to the crown G¹,
and at their inner edges to the drum G2, and extend outward tangentially from
the latter, their outer ends being provided with sides g, whose forward edges are
made sharp so as to constitute cutters, and prevent any undue friction of the water
as it strikes the sides of the bucket, but deflect the water into the buckets. The
lower ends g of the said buckets are rearwardly inclined to form an inclined
downward discharge, and thereby cause the weight of the water to assist in
imparting rotary movement to the wheel. At the junction of the vertical and
rearwardly-inclined portions of the buckets there is formed a horizontal surface H
which serves to form a pocket in the bucket for holding the water against the
vertical portion of the bucket until its reactive force is utilized, and then allow the
weight of the water to act on the rearwardly inclined portion of the bucket.
This particular feature in the form of the buckets is of great value and importance.
In the ordinary form of bucket the vertical and inclined portions are connected by
a curved surface, or the bucket is on a gradual curve from its top to its bottom.
But such buckets are objectionable, owing to the fact that the water will slip on
the curved portion thereof, and hence the reactive force of the water can be only
partially utilized. But by providing a pocket at the lower end of the vertical
portion of the bucket the water is chambered in its concussion, and prevented from
slipping, so that the maximum force due to the weight and reactive force of the
water is utilized in imparting motion to the wheel.
The globe or penstock-case is formed on a true circle, thereby insuring a
continuous circular passage around the gate, and thus allowing the water to enter
the case at right angles to the wheel and flow through the gate and be discharged
into the buckets. Should there be any surplusage of water it will Blow around the
wheel in a true circle and mingle with the supply, thus preventing any disturbance
of the flow or reaction of the current due to abutments or partitions in the cusing
as ordinarily constructed. The globe-casing is constructed with a ledge or flange H¹,
with which engage the hooked ends of the screw-holts I that are employed to
fasten the casing ring J to the top of the case. These hooked bolts are first inserted

page_text: in the casing ring J, and the latter placed in position when the hooked ends of the
bolts are turned beneath the said ledge or flange H. On the nuts H being then
turned down the casing is firmly secured in place.
K is the crown-plate of the wheel-case, and is secured to the casing-ring by
means of screws or bolts inserted through the lugs K' attached to the casing-ring J,
and the screw K inserted through a bracket Ks attached to the frame K in which
the gate operating devices are located. The said crown-plate K is provided with
a stuffing-box Lin which is located the upper end of the wheel-spindle. This
construction of the casing renders it an easy matter to gain access to the wheel
without removing the crown-plate K, and hence without disturbing the stuffing
box of the wheel shaft or spindle, as it is simply necessary to loosen the hooked
bolts I and screws K1, K2, and lift the casing-ring J with the gate operating
mechanisin attached thereto in order to render the said wheel and gate accessible.
M is a gate-rack provided at one end with a segmental rack m, and journalled
at its central portion upon the hub or stuffing box of the crown-plate; to the
opposite ends of this gate-rack are attached the pins N, N¹, which extend down-
wardly through elongated slots at n in the casing-ring, and through the slide
plates 0, 0, located beneath the said elongated slots; the lower ends of the said
pins enter holes formed in the upper gate-ring. The slide-plates O, O', are retained
in place by means of keepers P, P. Thus it will be observed that the gate-rack
engages with the opposite sides of the gate and distributes the power equally to
the same for adjusting it. The slide-plate serves to prevent any escape of water
through the elongated slots n in the casing-ring. The pins N, N', enter holes in
the upper ring of the gate, as above stated, and allow the casing-ring to be
removed without disturbing the gate or its actuating mechanism.
Within the frame K* attached to the casing ring is journalled a worm shaft Q
which engages with a worm-wheel Q' mounted upon a shaft q. A pinion Q² is
also rigidly secured to the said shaft and gears with the segmental rack m.
Hence
the worm shaft being turned serves to move the gate-rack and to open or close
the gate according to the direction in which the worin is revolved. To the end of
the shaft q is secured an arm R having an adjustable counterweight S secured
thereto. The purpose of this counterweight is as follows, that is to say :-The
tendency of the gate-wings is to close by reason of the pressure of water against
them. To counteract such pressure or force and relieve the worin shaft and worm
wheel of undue strain I employ the said counterweight S, the latter operating in
opposition to the force exerted on the gate-wings. I may connect the counter-
weight with the gate so as to balance it in various positions other than that
shown; as, for instance, it may be made separate and distinct from the gate
operating mechanism and operate in connection with a rack attached to the gate.
Any suitablo packing is located over the joint formed between the wheel case and
the gate, such packing being secured in place by means of suitable clips.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. In a turbine water-wheel the buckets having pockets located at the
juncture of their vertical and rearwardly inclined portions whereby the water is
chambered in its concussion, substantially as above set forth.
Second. The combination with the wheel-case and the gate-ring of the wooden
bearings attached to the latter and adapted to bear against the upper ring of the
said wheel-case, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Third. The combination with the wheel-case and the gate of vertically adjustable
bearings located in the horizontal flange of the wheel-case and adapted to support
the gate, substantially as above set forth.
Fourth. The combination with the wheel-case and the gate-ring, of gate-wings
pivotted to upright pivots attached to the said wheel-case, the said gate-wings being
provided with a bearing at one end on the periphery of the wheel-case and at
their opposite end on the edge of the gate-ring, substantially as above set forth,

page_text: Fifth. The combination with the wheel-case and the gate, the latter having
notches or depressions in the edge of its lower ring of the pivotted gate-wings, each
provided with an arm that engages with the notched edge of the said gate-ring,
substantially as above set forth.
Sixth. The combination with the gate having upwardly bevelled upper and
lower rings of the gate-wings pivotted to the wheel-case, and adapted to bo
automatically opened and closed, substantially as above set forth.
Seventh. A turbine water-wheel provided with a globe-case constructed to form
a continuous circular passage completely around the wheel, substantially as above
set forth.
Eighth. In a turbine water-wheel, the wheel case having chambers formed at the
entrance of the ports, substantially as above set forth.
Ninth. In a turbine the combination with the globe-case having a flat flange
on its underside of the wheel-case provided with a horizontal flange and pivoted
lugs for securing the said wheel-case in place, substantially as above set forth.
Tenth. In a turbine the combination with the globe-case having a ledge or flange
on its upper side of a casing-ring and hooked bolts for securing the said casing-
ring to the case, substantially as above set forth.
Eleventh. In a turbine the combination with the globe-case having the casing-
ring secured thereto of a crown plate removably secured to the said casing ring,
substantially as above set forth.
Twelfth. In a turbine the combination with the casing-ring of the crown-plate,
the perforated lugs attached to the ring and overlapping the plate and screws for
securing the parts together, substantially as above set forth.
Thirteenth. In a turbine the combination with the gate of a gate-rack provided
with pins which extend through elongated slots in the casing and enter holes in
the gate-ring and sliding plates located beneath the said elongated slots, substantially
as above set forth.
-
Fourteenth. In a turbine the combination with the gate-rack, the downwardly
projecting pins or lugs, and the slides of keepers attached to the underside of the
casing-ring and adapted to retain the slides in placo, substantially as above set
forth.
Fifteenth. The combination with the gate of a counterweight connected thero-
with and serving to prevent the accidental closing of the same, substantially as
above set forth.
Sixteenth. The combination with the gato-rack of the worm shaft, worm wheel,
pinion, and counterweight lever, substantially as above set forth.
Seventeenth. The combination with the gate-wings of the adjustable wooden
blocks, substantially as above set forth.
Eighteenth. The improved turbine consisting of the parts constructed and
combined, substantially as shewn in Figures 1 to 17 of the Drawing and operating
as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Seventh day of December, in the year of our Lord One
W. ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)