Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1888
Specification Accepted, 17th Feb., 1888
I HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for generating electricity, hereinafter described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a vertical section.
Figure 2 is a bottom plan and
Figure 3 a top plan of a box or case consisting mainly of six permanent magnets,
the magnets being bolted together in threes, each set forming a semi-cylindrical
portion so that when the two sets are secured together they will form a compound
inagnet in the form of a cylindrical box or case; the two sets of magnets being
connected by a hoop.
Figure 4 is a vertical section.
Figure 5 is a bottom plan, and
Figure 6 is a top plan of a box or case formed mainly of a pair of magnets held
together by hoops.
Figures 7;, 8 and 9 shows a compound magnet consisting of six seis of permanent
magnets arranged to form a box or case with three compartments.

page_text: Figure 14 is a section on line y, y, of Figure 12.
Figure 15 and 16 are elevations of the end pieces.
Figures 17 and 18 illustrate a modification and
Figure 19 is a similar view to Figure 14.
Figure 20 is a plan and
Figure 21 a section of one of my generators.
Figure 22 is a bottom plan, and
Figure 23 a section similar to that shown in Figures 20 and 21.
Figure 24 illustrates the construction of an arm for closing a circuit.
Figures 25 and 26 illustrate the construction of the pole pieces.
Figures 27 and 28 show a modification; and
Figure 29 is a detail in perspective.
One part of the said invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 10 comprises a compound
permanent magnet, the elements of which are in the form of a case with the opposite
poles on opposite sides or ends of the casings; that is to say, a compound magnet
composed of at least two permanent magnets with like pole to like pole, and secured
together in that position to form four walls of a box, so that by adding a top and
bottom or end pieces, a complete box or case is made.
A. A A2 A3 represent single permanent magnets, each so shaped that it will form
a portion of the walls of a box or case. The magnets shown are preferably formed of
cast iron, for the reason that I can readily give the desired shape to each magnet ;
but the magnets may be made in the usual way except that great care is required in
the manufacture of permanent magnets from steel, in order to make them fit for use
in the manufacture of my compound magnets.
The said invention also comprises a compound magnet whose elements are secured
together by a hoop or band. In Figure 1, a single band B of metal is shown; in
Figure 2 two bands B B¹; in Figures 7 and 9, a single band B and in Figure 10,
three bands. In Figure 1, the magnets A, A³, which together constitute a circular
frame or case, are first inserted in the hoop B; then the magnets A¹ and A* (the
latter are not shown but are similar to A¹ in shape and size) and then the magnets A
and A; all the magnets are then firmly connected together by the bolts d, d, and
clamping plates ff; G is a cover.
In Figure 2, the magnets A A' are held together by the hoops B B¹. In
Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10, the magnets are held together substantially as in Figure 1.
In all the above mentioned figures the exterior of the compound magnet forms the
exterior of the box or case and is made ornamental by mouldings a showing a carved
surface, or other design; and this is an important feature of my invention as it
enables me to make the case of greater commercial value, and also adds to the
magnetic strength; besides stiffening and strengthening the separate magnets of
which the case is built, when the magnets are made thin to form a shell.
Figure 9 is a central lengthwise section through Figure 7.
Figure 8 is a top view of the upper magnets A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 and A°; and Figure 7
is a top view of the base magnets A³ to A13; that is, this figure shows the compound
magnet which is shown in section in Figure 9, with the magnets A¹ to A' inclusive
removed; there being twelve intermediate magnets each like all the others and
marked A. The figures above referred to illustrate somewhat, the scope of this
feature of my invention; a compound permanent magnet which not only furnishes
the magnetism required but is also a box or case and which obviously may therefore
be made in almost an endless number of forms; for my compound magnet is
applicable for all instruments in which a permanent magnet in a box or case has
heretofore been used. The several permanent magnets of which my magnetic box

page_text: or case is built up may be cemented together and may be recessed to receive the
top and bottom or end pieces.
In Figure 1 the end pieces f, f, are held in recesses in the compound magnet by
means of the screws d, d; In Figure 2 the recesses in the compound magnet are
so formed as to hold the end pieces f, f, in place. In Figure 9 the lower end piece
may obviously, in some cases be dispensed with and the screw d be screwed into
the back board which will then be the lower end of the piece. My magnetic box
or case is mainly useful as a receptacle to contain the armature and the means for
operating it, for a magneto machine, but is also applicable to other purposes.
Another feature of my invention is an armature which is illustrated in figures 11
to 19 and which consists of two pole pieces u, a¹, and a cross piece, or core a², and
the coil (not shown) wound upon the core a², thus making an armature of the Siemens
type; but in this armature the end pieces b, b, which carry the shaft or trunnions
upon which the armature is revolved or operated, are supported in recesses a³ in the
pole pieces a, a, as clearly shown in figure 11. This feature constitutes an
important part of my invention. These end pieces are held in place by the screw
rods d, d', which constitutes another feature of my invention; that is to say, the
feature of my invention just above referred to consists in attaching the end
pieces bor by means of a recess a³ in the end of the armature; and the next feature
of my invention consists in holding the end pieces together by means of screw
rods d, d. It will be obvious that while both these features are preferably used
together, yet either may be used separately for the advantages of one may be obtained
to some extent without using the other, although when used together certain additional
advantages are obtained. For example the end pieces by being recessed into the
armature are more readily fitted and are more firmly held than in any other way but
may obviously be secured in their recesses in a variety of ways other than by the
screw rods d, d; and in like manner the said screw rods d, d will hold end pieces in
place which are not recessed into the armature; but when the end pieces b¹ are not
only recessed as shown but are also clamped together and each clamped in its recess
by the rods as shown, the shearing off of the screw rods by the end pieces is wholly
prevented by the recesses, each aiding the other, the durability of the armature is
thereby greatly increased while the cost of construction is much reduced.
It will be obvious that the recess may be formed in the end pieces and a corre-
sponding projection on the end of the armature; but this is manifestly an equivalent
construction.
I prefer to place the screw rods d, d each in a groove in the face of the poles a, a¹
as shown, as I can thereby lighten the armature without affecting its magnetic
qualities. In Figure 17 I have shown an end view of an armature adapted to receive
the end piece b shown in Figure 18; the four projections at forming in substance the
recess as which is filled by the end piece 1, Figure 18. In this modification four
rods d are used, two of which are in grooves while the other two lie midway between
the pole pieces. Of course either pair of these rods may be dispensed with, but in a
large sized armature the four are desirable.
Another feature of my invention consists in a flattened core or cross-piece a² the
plane of which is at right angles with the axis of the armature instead of parallel with
that axis as heretofore. The main advantage of this construction is that I can make
the armature shorter without diminishing the number of coils or the cross section of
the core, which is impossible in the old construction; and although I must of course
in my improved armature increase the diameter, yet for certain practical purposes
such as magnetic bells, indicators and small generators or motors generally it is of
great practical importance to make the armature as short as possible.
Another feature of my invention consists in a press knob generator which is fully
illustrated in Figures 20 to 29 in which A represents a permanent magnet which may
be of the usual construction, but, as shown is substantially like that illustrated in
Figures 1 to 10.
B is a revolving armature upon one end of which is the pawl b
which engages with the ratchet b¹, and this ratchet is fast to the same hub to which
pinion is fast, the shaft of the armature passing through this hub so that the

page_text: is hold
pinion may revolve in one direction without moving the armature, or the armature
may revolve in one direction independently of the pinion. The pinion 62 is revolved
by the sector D fast to the rock shaft d. Another arm of rock shaft d is jointed
to the push pin d² so that when the push pin is thrust inwards the sector D causes the
pinion to revolve rapidly and as the pinion 63 is then connected by the pawl b and
ratchet to armature B, that armature is rapidly revolved when the push pin is
forced in, thus generating currents for signalling and other purposes. When the push
pin d is inserted through the side of the case, as in Figures 20 and 23, it may be
jointed directly to the arm d' of the rock shaft; but when the push pin is not
cross-wise of the rock shaft some intermediate connection must be used, as in
Figures 27 and 28. This combination of the push pin with the armature and its
pinion by means of a rock shaft and sector gear constitutes one feature of my inven-
tion. Another feature of my invention is a spring arm for closing the circuits.
This arm is a rod of metal, one part of which extends into the coiled spring, one
end of the coil being fast to it and the other end being fast to the insulating block 2
at the screw cup by which the coil is connected to the circuit. The arm
normally out of contact with the pintle 3 on the armature shaft by the insulator in
the end of arm of rock shaft d but when the rock shaft d is moved on its axis to
revolve the armature its arm f is moved away from armi f, and arm f is pressed
against pintle, and as one end of the armature coil is in metallic contact with the
shaft of the armature in the usual way, the currents generated in the coil go to line
through pintle f³, arm and coil spring f¹. This is an important feature of my
invention for the reason that when a number of press knob generators are connected
to the same pair of conductors, each must be in open circuit with the bell or other
signal as otherwise the current would be divided among them all and that portion of
it which went to the signal would be too weak. But when there is but one generator
in circuit with the bell no such division takes place, but the full force of the current is
properly applied. Another feature of my invention, is the combination of the pole
pieces g g by means of two clamping discs g¹¹ held together by screws or nuts g² g²
and recessed in the pole pieces; that is, each pole piece is formed with a recess at each
end so that when the discs g¹ of non-magnetic metal are clamped together with the
pole pieces between them, the pole pieces are not only firmly held but also centered, so
that the armature may run close to the inner surface of the pole pieces without danger
of binding. The discs g¹ g¹ not only serve as bearings for the armature shaft but
also serve as a frame for the rock shaft d and its connections and the insulating
block f.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
First. In combination a series of permament magnets with their poles together
arranged to form the main walls of a receptacle as set forth.
Second. A receptacle built up of permanent magnets, two or more of which are
formed of mouldings a a of magnetic material, as set forthi.
Third. In combination, a series of permanent magnets arranged to form the main
walls of a box or case with non-magnetic end pieces attached to the compound magnet
to form a complete box, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. An armature consisting of the pole pieces a a' and a cross piece or core a²
having its end pieces b or b'inserted in a recess in the end of the armature substantially
as described.
Fifth. An armature consisting of the pole pieces a a¹ and a cross piece a² having its
end pieces b¹ clamped together and held on the ends of the armature by the rods d d',
substantially as shown.
Sixth. In combination the armature, its pawl b, ratchet b', pinion b² sector D, rock
shaft d and press knob substantially as described.
Seventh. The arm, its spring and insulator block in combination with

page_text: the arm of rock shaft d and with the armature and its shaft, substantially as
described.
Eighth. The pole pieces g g recessed as described in combination with the clamping
dises gg, as set forth.
Ninth. The armature, its pinion, the sector gear, and its rock shaft, in combination
with arm and arm and its spring, substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1888.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.