An Improved System of and Apparatus for Telegraphy.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 8th July, 1890-Accepted, 30th Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved System of and Apparatus for Telegraphy.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the firm of Fell and Wilding, of 1 Queen Victoria Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
(a communication to me from abroad by Samuel Vyle, of Georgetown, Demerara,
British Guiana, Electrician) to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved system of telegraphy whereby the apparatus
employed is considerably simplified and reduced in its number of parts.
It is a well known fact that a dynamo electric machine when actuated by energy
generates current and when energised by a current it acts as a motor giving off
energy.
This fact I take advantage of in carrying out my invention whereby I am able to
produce a novel, cheap and dual working apparatus without any galvanic battery that
is only one instrument is required at either end to transmit and receive messages
whereas in magneto-electric systems a separate instrument has before been required
for each of these objects.
I carry out my system as follows:-
In the line of circuit I employ two or more small electro-magnetic generators
of the ordinary type with any suitable mechanism for revolving the armatures of
the same.
Upon the spindle of the armature I may arrange an indicating needle of the
ordinary type working between stops and a drop handle which will bring the armature
to a position of equilibrium. Or this may be effected by an arm projecting from the
spindle of the armature and spring pressed from each side so that immediately the
armature is moved through a portion of a revolution by the current, upon the cessation
of the current the armature and indicating needle will return to the normal or central
position.
Now it is obvious that upon actuating the armature of one electro magnetic
generator in one direction the current will be produced in one direction and this
current will in turn actuate the armature of the instrument at the other end of the
circuit in the same direction; a reversal of the direction of rotation in the transmitting
instrument gives a current, travelling in the opposite direction, which consequently
operates the armature of the receiving instrument in an opposite direction to the
former.
I may arrange upon the spindle of the armature an arm carrying a hammer which
can be arranged to strike upon a gong or bell on each side of the hammer so that the
telegraphic indications are recorded by the rings on the gongs or bells instead of by
the deflections of the needle.
Where this apparatus is used for other working than that of single stations
i.e. where there are a number of stations on one wire it has been found very advanta-
geous to wind an additional quantity of wire on the armature, which wire is auto-
matically shunted when the apparatus is not used for transmitting but as a receiving
instrument.
As a convenient method of producing the rotative movement of the armature,
a push is provided which engages with a lever connected to the armature at right
angles.
Dated this 9th day of Sentember 1980

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved System of and Apparatus for Telegraphy.
I, JOHN CORY FELL, of the firm of Fell & Wilding, of 1 Queen Victoria Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
(a communication to me from abroad by Samuel Vyle, of Georgetown, Demerara,
British Guiana, Electrician) and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved system of telegraphy whereby the apparatus
employed is considerably simplified and reduced in its number of parts. It is a well-
known fact that a dynamo-electric machine when actuated by energy generates
current, and when energised by a current it acts as a motor giving off energy.
This fact I take advantage of in carrying out my invention, whereby I am able to
produce a novel, cheap, and dual-working apparatus without any galvanic battery,
that is only one instrument is required at either end to transmit and receive messages;
whereas in magneto electric systems a separate instrument has before been required for
each of these objects.
In order that my invention may the better understood I now proceed to describe
the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed reference being had to the
letters and figures marked thereon. Like letters refer to like parts in the various
figures.
Figure 1 is an external elevation of my apparatus operated by a drop handle and
with an indicating finger.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of my apparatus operated by a spring recoil
pusher.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the same combined with the bell and hammers
on the oscillating armature by which audible sound signals may be given.
Fig. 4 is a view of the automatic switch showing the connections diagramatically.
1 carry out my system as follows:-
In the line of circuit I employ two or more small electro-magnetic generators of
any ordinary type with any suitable mechanism for oscillating the armature of the
same by hand.
Now it is obvious that upon actuating the armature of one electro-magnetic
generator in one direction in the said circuit, a current will be produced in a given
direction. This current will in turn actuate the armature of any other instrument in
the said circuit in the same direction, operating as a motor. The reversal of the
direction of rotation in the transmitting instrument gives a reverse current operating
the armatures of other instruments in the circuit in a opposite direction to that pro-
duced by the former current.
In figure 1 A is an armature mounted on a bearing spindle, which is free to
rotate through a small angular distance regulated by stops in any convenient way.
This spindle is fitted with a drop handle B, by which the desired angular motion may
be given to the said armature as a transmitter.
The armature is wound with the line circuit in the usual way, and as the angular
movement of the armature is small, the terminals of the wire C. C. may be coiled
sufficiently to allow of the small movement of the armature whilst connected direct to
the binding screws D. D. The field magnets F F may be most conveniently
permanent magnets, or electro-magnets shunt or series wound in the circuit. No
commutator, or bushing, or insulating of the armature coil is necessary owing to the
small play of the armature, and the direct elastic connection of the wire terminals to
the binding screws as before described.
The drop handle, or other part of the armature or spindle is pressed by two
springs E E so as to produce a convenient position of normal equilibrium, should the
weight of the vertical drop handle not be sufficient for this purpose. A similar
instrument as that described being also situated in the main circuit. will receive the
impulse current from the transmitter in such a way that the armature of the said

page_text: receiving instrument will deflect in the same direction, and to the same extent as that
of the transmitting instrument.
As a convenient modification of the first described instrument, in figure 2 I show a
spring-push G which, operating by its inclined face H against a small inclined arm
projecting from the armature A, will serve to produce a desired angular movement of
the armature; a recoil spring I may be applied in any convenient position to
produce the necessary recoil of the armature, when the pressure on the button G is
removed.
Similarly in figure 3 a bell M is shown in connection with the instrument as described
in figure 2, and bell hammers N N are employed to produce audible sounds, corre-
sponding to the oscillating movement of the armature.
Where this apparatus is used for other working than that of single stations, that is,
where there are a number of stations on one wire, it has been found very advantageous
to wind an additional quantity of wire on the armature which wire is automatically
shunted when the apparatus is not used for transmitting, but as a receiving instrument
the object being to produce a stronger current in the circuit by utilising some of the
spare energy in the operators hand.
The said additional quantity of wire may be normally shunted by a self-acting
switch as shown in fig. 4, so that the machine is always in proper form for receiving.
When used for transmission the extra wire may be thrown in by a spring secondary
lever on the handle by the grasp of the hand upon the transmitting handle, the
connections being shewn diagramatically a being the main coil on the armature
and b the secondary coil.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is:-
1st. A system for the dual-working of telegraphic transmitting or other recording
electrical instruments by a single coil and circuit, in which currents are generated
when the instrument is energised by hand for transmission, the said instrument also
acting as a recording motor or receiver when receiving such transmitted current.
2nd. The construction of a telegraphic transmitting or recording instrument, in
which the terminals from an oscillating armature are connected elastically direct to
binding screws, thus dispensing with insulation, or bushing of the spindle, or the use
of brushes and commutators.
3rd. The construction of telegraphic, transmitting, or other recording instruments,
substantially as described and illustrated in the drawings annexed hereto.
Dated this 7th day of July 1890.
FELL & WILDING.
1, Queen Victoria Street, Agents for the Applicant.