Improvements in connection with Copy-books for Use in Teaching Writing.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with Copy-books for Use in Teaching
Writing.
I, GEORGE LINDSAY HODGES, of 47, Paternoster Row, London, E.C., Commercial
Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in connection with school copy books
used for teaching writing and has for its object to facilitate the correct copying
of the head-lines at the top of the pages.
For this purpose the head-lines are printed upon separate or loose strips
or slips of paper bound or connected together by means of a wire or other
suitable material attached to the back of the copy book and extending along
the entire width of the same in such a manner that the strips or slips may be
shifted along the said wire so as to cover the line that has been last written
and form a copy for the next line.
The pages are preferably cut away at the top or shortened in height so as to
leave a space in which the strips lie when the book is folded or closed.
The wire attachment may also be fitted to any cases or covers in which the
paper for writing upon may be bound or loosely held for refilling.
The wire extends across the upper surface of the page to be written upon and
when a fresh page is required the page already written upon or finished with
is pushed back underneath the wire and turned over on to the opposite page.
The page turned over can then be written upon its opposite side as well as the
page on the other side, the strips being likewise turned over to form fresh head-
lines for each.
Various methods may be employed for securing the wire to the back or binding
of the book, for instance it may be doubled over and the ends passed through
holes in the back of the book and turned up or clamped to the same. Or the
wire may be made in the form of a long loop on one side of which passes through
or is encased in a sheath of paper or other material secured to the inside fold
or binding of the book. The strips may also be attached to the wire by any
suitable means permitting of their sliding thereon.
One method of accomplishing this is by means of small metal rings or eyelets
passed through holes in the strips and around the back of the same which are
folded round the wire.
Or instead of the said rings or eylets ordinary wire binding clamps may be
used.
And in order to clearly understand the invention reference is made to the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which Fig. 1 is a plan of a copy-book in its
open position.
Fig. 2 is a side or edge view thereof and Fig. 3 is a back end view of the book
closed.
are the covers, and 6 the leaves bound thereto in the ordinary manner. c is
the wire or other suitable material which extends across the page and is doubled

page_text: back at the top and bottom to permit of its ends being passed through holes in
the back of the book where they are turned up as at e to clamp the wire to the
said back. are the strips or slips upon which the head-lines are printed, and
which as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 are folded around the wire c and connected thereto
by the rings or eyelets e, shown clearly to a larger scale in Fig. 4, so that they
can be slid easily along the wire when required.
Figs. 5 and 6 show another method of attaching the strips to the wire, that is
by means of the bent wires or staples f passing through them and clamping
them together as in ordinary binding, the central portion of the strips forming a
loop through which the wire passes and by which they may be easily shifted.
By means of the said strips or slips the writer may always have the head-line
to copy from before him without having to look to the top of the page for the
the strips being shifted so as to cover the line last written and preventing
the possibility of the writer copying his own writing.
same,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
(1) The improvements in connection with copy-books for teaching writing
comprising loose strips, or slips, containing the head-lines which are attached or
clamped to a wire or other suitable material fixed to the back or fold of the book,
in such a manner that they can be shifted along the said wire and caused to cover
each separate line of writing as required, substantially as described and for the
purpose specified.
(2) In copy books for teaching writing the combination with the covers a,
and leaves b of the book, of the wire or other suitable material e fixed to the back
or fold of the book and the head-line strips or slips & attached by rings e, or
wires or staples f, or other fastenings to the said wire c, substantially as described
and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 25th day of October 1899.
J. B. FLEURET,
5, Hatton Garden, London, Agent for the Applicant.