IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING SOLUBLE BLUE, VIOLET, AND RED COLORS IN CRYSTALS DERIVED FROM ANILINE, TOLUIDINE, NAPHTHALINE, NAPHTHYLAMINE, AND PHENIC ACID
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on the
30th September 1864.-A communication from abroad by Alcide François
Poirrier, of Montmorency, France.
J, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING SOLUBLE BLUE, VIOLET, AND RED COLORS IN
CRYSTALS DERIVED FROM ANILINE, TOLUIDINE, NAPHTHALINE, NAPHTHYLAMINE, AND
PHENIC ACID," to be as follows:-
Hitherto the colors derived from aniline, toluidine, naphthaline, naphthy-
lamine, phenic acid, and specially violets in crystals called imperial violet
blues, known as Lyons blue, "lumière blue, azuline, could only be used in
dyeing and printing when dissolved in alcohol or wood spirit. Large quan
tities of alcohol are used to completely dissolve these violets and blues, as
from 40 to 100 parts of alcohol or methyline are necessary to one part of the
color.
Sulphuric acid has been used to render these colors soluble, but the pro
ducts yield such bad results that their use has been abandoned. In the dye
bath they precipitate dye badly and are not fixed.
Now this Invention consists in rendering soluble in water the violets and
blues above referred to by subjecting them to the action of saponine or
bodies or extracts containing saponine. I obtain soluble violets and blues
very much cheaper than the commercial products; which can only be used in

page_text: an alcoholic solution. My products are free from the defect pertaining to the
violets and blues rendered soluble by sulphuric acid.
The process is as follows:-I take on the one hand, say, two pounds of
blue or violet crystals, and on the other hand from two to eight pounds of dry
extract of soap wort (saponaire) (which contains the saponine), and dissolve
in from twelve to twenty pounds of cold water. I add the crystals, previously
pulverized, to this solution, and boil until the product is soluble in water,
which can be tested by putting a small quantity of it into water. The
product thus rendered soluble may be used either. in a state of carmine
(carmin), to which a small quantity of acetic acid is added, or in a solid
state, and then before using it it must be digested in an equal weight of
acetic acid or of water to which a few drops of alcohol are added.
For red violets, two pounds of dry extract of soap wort (saponaire) will
suffice, but for green blues and for lumière blues, as much as from seven to
eight pounds are required.
I attain the same result by first dissolving the blue or violet in alcohol,
adding extract of soap wort dissolved in water, and boiling until solubility of
the product and evaporation of the alcohol, which is recovered by a distilling
apparatus; or to the solution of the extract of soap wort in water I add a
quantity of alcohol (in this manner the saponine remains soluble, and the
gummy matters precipitate). The product is poured upon the solution, and
boiling is maintained until solubility..