AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE OR STONE-WARE
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex, for
an Invention of AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE OR
STONE-WARE Communicated to him from abroad by J. Hemmerling, of
Düsseldorf, in the German Empire
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th August 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "AN IMPROVED MANU-
FACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE OR STONE-WARE," a communication to me from
abroad by J. Hemmerling, of Düsseldorf, in the Gerinan Empire,
This invention has for its object to produce artificial stones, such as floor-plates,
tiles and ornaments
For this purpose I mix ground glass furnace-slag with 2 to 30 per cent of
mineral colour, which has been previously mixed with waterglass (about one third.
of the quantity of colour taken), subsequently allowed to dry and reduced to
powder, so that the final mixture contains about 90 per cent of ground slag, 7 per
cent of colouring matter, and 3 per cent of waterglass.
To the dry mixture thus obtained, waterglass is added and the product kneaded
into a uniform paste by means of rollers or other suitable mechanism.
The paste thus obtained is placed in moulds to a thickness of 1 to 2 centimetres,
and the moulds are filled with a mixture of cement with slag-sand or of
cement with silicious sand (preferably 30 per cent of cement to 70 per cent of
slag sand) and the contents subjected to pressure.
After a few hours the stony mass is taken out of the moulds, dipped into water
glass, then placed in water for about four weeks, then dried and again dipped in
water glass.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed¨
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Patent Office on the 18th February
1884.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "AN IMPROVED MANU-
FACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE OR STONE-WARE," a communication to me from.
abroad by J. Hemmerling, of Dusseldorf, in the German Empire,
This invention consists in a new process for the manufacturo of colored tiles,
bricks, statues and other plain or ornamental stone-ware.
The materials used for this process are: ground furnace slag, metallic oxides or
other mineral colours, soluble glass, cement and silicious sand. The metallic oxide
or other mineral colour to be used for obtaining the desired tint is first mixed with
about one third of its quantity of soluble glass, the mixture allowed to harden and
then pulverised.
The powder thus obtained is intimately mixed with about nine times its
quantity of ground furnace slag, by means of a grinding mill, after which soluble
glass is added until the product attains the consistency of a paste, which is then
kneaded by means of rollers for the purpose of equally distributing the soluble
glass.
The paste is now transferred into moulds, so as to form a layer from one to two
centimetres high, after which the moulds are filled with a mixture of cement with
slag-sand or of cement with silicious sand, and the contents subjected to hydraulic
or other pressure.
The blocks or tiles thus produced are left in the moulds for a few hours, then
removed and dipped into soluble glass.
In order to prevent subsequent efflorescence the blocks or tiles are lixiviated
with water for about four weeks by subjecting them to a water bath or to a stream
of water.
Finally they are dried and again impregnated with soluble glass, in order to
prevent any efflorescence.
Having thus described the invention, I wish it to be understood, that I claim :
1. A process for the manufacture of colored stone-ware, which consists in mixing
furnace slag with powdered mineral colors prepared with soluble glass, kneading
this mixture with the addition of soluble glass, transferring the kneaded product
into moulds, so as to form a layer of the desired thickness, filling the mould with
a inixture of cement and ground furnace slag or silicious sand and subjecting the
contents to pressure.
2. A process for the manufacture of colored stoneware, which consists in mixing
furnace-slag with powdered mineral colors prepared with soluble glass, kneading
this mixture with the addition of soluble glass, transferring the kneaded product
into moulds, so as to form a layer of the desired thickness, filling the moulds with
a mixture of cement and ground furnace slag or silicious sand, subjecting the
contents to pressure, impregnating the blocks, after their removal from the
moulds, with soluble glass, and lixiviating them with water.
The whole substantially as described, and with the proportions of materials as
specified.
In witness whereof I, tho said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 13th day of February A.D. 1884.