Rags, wood, or other Fiore, for use in the Manufacture of Paper and Kindred Substances.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Nov., 1888
Rags, wood, or other Fiore, for use in the Manufacture of Paper
and Kindred Substances.
I, GEORGE GRIFFITHS of Norville Place, Cheddar in the County of Somerset,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be as follows:-
This engine consists of a tank or vat, a roll rotating therein in contact with a block
of knives called a plate and the necessary adjusting gear.
The vat is preferably formed oblong with rounded ends, dished bottom, and necessary
valves and is divided longitudinally into two or three compartments by means of one
or two vertical midfeathers which are connected together or with the side of vat at
one end and shaped to form a bridge, or backfall and at the other end extended to a
distance from the end of vat, equal to the width of one of the compartments. This vat
also carries at the backfall end, a casing in which the roll is situated and a recess in
the bottom of casing in which to place the box containing the plate. Connected with
the upper side of the casing and the top of the midfeather is a cover in which is a
depression or pocket, which answers the double purpose of a baffle plate, to prevent
the recoil of the stuff toward the backfall, and to receive a washing slide when the
engine is being used for washing, provision being also made for a drum-washer.
The roll is in width preferably from one quarter to one half its diameter, and is carried
on a shaft passing through stuffing boxes in the casing and supported in bearings at
either end, the same being adjustable for desired position of the roll. The roll is
turned and faced and on its periphery is fastened a mortised ring of malleable iron or
steel. The mortises along their sides have a projection or feather made to fit a
corresponding recess or notch in the knives or bars, the underside of this projection is
turned true and the ring is bored to fit the roll, so that the bars being held between
two turned surfaces, a perfectly true and balanced roll is the result, the bars being
alsoo equally spaced.
The plate is composed of steel bars preferably elbowed towards their centres in
number preferably sufficient to make a plate equal in width to about one half the

page_text: diameter of roll. These bars are of the same length as, and are notched the same as
the roll bars, and are keyed into a box, having sides corresponding to the sides of the
mortises in roll. The inside bottom of box is struck on a radius from the shaft centre
and the outside bottom is flat and rectangular.
The adjustment is contrived by means of vertically sliding blocks in fixed pedestals
in which the roll shaft is journaled. Each block is supported on two wrought beams
or levers fulcrumed at one end and connected at the other end by links to screw
spindles passing through columns or brackets and held in position by worm wheel nuts,
actuated in the usual way by worms, cross shaft and handwheel.
The roll should have a circumferential velocity of 3500 to 4000 feet per minute and
the action is as follows: The engine is furnished in the usual way and the stuff
flowing along either side converges toward the centre and under the roll and is projected
by the roll over the backfall (traversing the washing slide if washing) into the centre
compartment and flowing through this is divided into two currents, returning again
by either side to the roll. With one midfeather the stuff flowing along one side toward
the roll, is delivered by the roll on the other side, returning again as before.
The bottom of the vat preferably dips continuously in the direction of the travelling
stuff.

page_text: New or Improved Beating, Breaking, and Washing Engine for
Rags, Wood, or other Fibre, for Use in the Manufacture of Paper
and Kindred Substances.
I GEORGE GRIFFITHS of 2 Norville Place, Cheddar in the County of Somerset,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of machines known as rag engines or pulping
machines, in which the rag, wood or fibrous matter to be pulped is passed in a suitable
vat between a stationary set of knives known as a plate and a rotary cylinder or roll
provided on its circumference with sets of knives. The improvements consist more
especially in the shape and formation of the vat in the construction of the plate and of
the roll and in the overthrow action of the roll.
Reference being made to the accompanying drawing. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal
central section of the vat showing roll and plate.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof.
Fig. 3 is a plan view partly in horizonial section of one form of vat. Fig 4 is a
plan view of another form of vat. Figs. 5 and 6 are detai Iviews of the roll. Fig. 7
detail view of one of the knives thereof. Fig. 8 plan and elevation of one of the
knives of the plate. Figs. 9 and 10 plan and elevational section of the plate.
The vat a is preferably formed oblong with rounded ends, dished bottom and
necessary valves and is divided longitudinally into two or three compartments a u² a³
by means of one or two vertical midfeathers at a which are connected together or
with the side of the vat at one end and shaped to form a bridge or backfall b and
extending towards the other end, terminating at a distance from the end of vat equal
to the width of one of the compartments. This vat also carries at the backfall end a
casing c in which the roll d is situated and a recess e in the bottom of casing in which
to place the box containing the plate g. Connected with the upper side of the casing
and the top of the midfeather is a cover in which is a depression or pocket which
answers also the purpose of a baffle plate to prevent the recoil of the stuff toward the
backfall. It may be adapted to receive a washing, slide when the engine is being
used for washing, provision may also be made for a drum washer.
The width of the roll d is preferably equal to one quarter to one half of its diameter.
The roll is carried on a shaft k passing through stuffing boxes in the casing c and
supported in bearings at each end the same being adjustable for desired position of
the roll. The roll is turned and faced, and on its periphery is fastened a mortised
ring m of malleable iron or steel. The mortises, along their sides have a projection or
feather n made to fit a corresponding recess or notcho in the knives or bars P, the
underside of this projection is turned true, and the ring is bored to fit the roll, so that
the bars being held between two turned surfaces, a perfectly true and balanced roll is
the result, the bars p being also equally spaced.
The mortises in the ring m are equally spaced and each adapted to receive three or
four of the knives, the interior side feather n on each side in each mortise, has a notch

page_text: 72
or cutaway portion for permitting of the introduction of the knives p. The latter
are slid down in each notch to rest on the surface of the roll d when the notches o will
correspond with the feathers n and the knives can be slid along, the roll, one to the right
(Fig. 5) and the others to the left until in their desired places in the mortise; where
they are held and spaced by the wooden bars s. The midfeathers between the mortices
and the breadth of the latter are preferably so proportioned that the knives shall be all
equally spaced.
The plate is composed of steel bars or knives t preferably elbowed towards their
centres in number preferably sufficient to make a plate equal in width to about one
half the diameter of roll. These bars are of the same length as, and are notched at o¹
in the same manner as the roll bars and are keyed into a box having feathers e² on
the interior of its sides, similar to those in the mortises of the roll. The inside bottom
of the box fis cylindrical, struck on a radius from the shaft centre, and the outside
bottom is flat and rectangular to fit into the recess e in the vat. The barst may be
inserted through the notches e³.
The adjustment between the roll and the plate is contrived by journalling the shaft &
in vertically sliding blocks carried in fixed pedestals or horn blocks 1.
Each block is supported on two wrought beams or levers fulcrumed at one end
and connected at the other end by links to screw spindles passing through columns
or brackets and held in position by worm wheel nuts actuated in the usual way by
worms, cross shaft, and hand wheel 1 (Fig. 2).
The roll should have a circumferential velocity of 3500 to 4000 feet per minute and
the action is as follows. The engine is furnished in the usual way, and the stuff
flowing along either side a¹ a³ converges towards the centre and under the roll and is
projected by the roll over the backfall (traversing the washing slide if washing) into
the centre compartmenta and flowing through this is divided into two currents returning
again by either sile. a a³ to the roll. With one midfeather as in Fig. 4 the stuff
flowing along one side a¹ towards the roll is delivered by the roll on the other side a²
returning again as before.
The knives in the plate may be placed in contact as shown or separated by dividers
to any pitch or divided into sections or groups by interposed blocks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
In pulping engines and the like.
1. The combination of an overthrow roll, with a vat in which the stream is guided
to flow under the roll and is received from over the roll substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of a vat having one or two midfeathers with a casing at one end
thereof, an overthrow roll in said casing and a backfall substantially as set forili.
3. The improved construction of the roll being the mortise ring m with lateral
feathers and recesses ¹ combined with the knives having notches o substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
4. The improved construction of plate being a boxƒ having the lateral feathers e
and recesses e³ combined with the elbowed knivest substantially as set forth.
5. A roll, the shaft of which is supported on freely vertically sliding blocks / in
combination with levers supporting said block and screw spindles for adjusting said
levers for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 9th day of October 1988
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W...
Agents to Applicant.