An Improved Process for the Production and Fixation of Colours in Conjunction with Aniline Black upon Woven Fabrics.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for the Production and Fixation of Colours in
Conjunction with Aniline Black upon Woven Fabrics.
We FRANCIS FREDERICK GRAFTON of 91 Portland Street Manchester Calico
Printer and WILLIAM BROWNING of Broad Oak Print Works Accrington
Manager, both in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved process or combination of processes for the
production and fixation of colours in conjunction with aniline black upon calicoes or
other woven fabrics.
According to this invention the cloth or fabric is first padded with a solution of
an astringent matter say for example tannic acid, or other material possessing
similar properties such as gall liquor, sumac extract, or other known astringent,
which is then fixed by treatment with a solution of tartarate of antimony or other
metallic salt containing antimony or tin according to the usual known methods.
The cloth thus, mordanted or prepared is then washed, dried, and padded upon
one side, or upon both sides, with a mixture of aniline oil or salt and other
materials thickened or otherwise suitable for the production of aniline black by
the ordinary, known methods.
Before however developing the aniline black by steaming or ageing in the usual
manner we print on the cloth prepared as above colouring matters (such as are
ordinarily fixed with astringent matters as above) dissolved and thickened and
mixed with suitable proportions of acetate of soda or other well known materials
such as are used to prevent the formation or development of aniline black upon the
parts so printed.
When the aniline black is developed on the parts not printed by steaming or
ageing as usual the coloring matters on the printed portions are at the same time
being fixed by the mordant or astringent matter, the coloring mixtures resist.ing
and preventing the formation of the black at those parts.
Dated this 17th day of June 1892.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for the Production and Fixation of Colours in
Conjunction with Aniline Black upon Woven Fabrics.
We FRANCIS FREDERICK GRAFTON of 91 Portland Street Manchester Calico
Printer, and WILLIAM BROWNING of Broad Oak Print Works Accrington,
this
Manager, both in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved process or combination of processes for the
production and fixation of colours, in conjunction with aniline black, upon calicoes
and other woven fabrics.
According to this invention the cloth or fabric is first padded with a solution of an
astringent matter, say, for example, tannic acid or other material possessing similar
properties such as gall liquor, sumac extract, or other known astringent, which is
then fixed by treatment with a solution of tartar-emetic or other metallic salt
containing antimony or tin, according to the usual known methods of mordanting.

page_text: The cloth thus mordanted or prepared is then washed, dried, and padded upor
one side, or upon both sides, with a mixture of aniline oil or salt and other materials
thickened or otherwise suitable for the production of aniline black by the ordinary
known methods.
Before however developing the aniline black by steaming or ageing in the usual
manner, we print, on the cloth, prepared as above, the pattern or design in coloring
matters (such as are ordinarily fixed with an astringent as above) dissolved and
thickened and mixed with suitable proportions of acetate of soda, or such other
well known materials as are used to prevent the formation or development of aniline
black upon the parts so printed.
When the aniline black is developed (upon the parts not printed) by steaming or
ageing as usual, the coloring matters on the printed portions are at the same time
fixed by the mordant or astringent matter, the coloring mixtures resisting or
preventing the formation of the aniline black at those parts.
We wish it to be understood that we do not claim as new any of the above
described processes when taken separately as colored designs have been produced
on an aniline black ground by a somewhat similar process, that is to say, by
producing an aniline black ground with white parts reserved corresponding with
the design and printing and fixing the colored design upon such parts, but the
difficulty of exactly fitting and preserving the fine parts of such pattern or design
with the parts on the ground left white to receive the same, has been insurmountable
and more or less imperfect and unsatisfactory results have been produced, but by
combining the processes in the manner herein described the most perfect effects
can be obtained and the most delicate and elaborate patterns or designs can be
executed.
:
For example to produce a blue pattern on an aniline black ground according to
our invention we first prepare or mordant the cloth in the following manner:
Prepare two separate solutions, one in the proportion of one ounce of tannic acid
dissolved in one gallon of water, and the other one ounce of tartar-emetic to each
gallon of water.
Pass the cloth through each solution separately drying it between the two and
then wash and dry.
Next pad (preferably on both sides) with a solution prepared as follows:-
First dissolve six pounds of chlorate of potash in six gallons of hot water, and
fifteen pounds of ferrocyanide of potash also in six gallons of hot water, and mix
the two solutions together when cool, adding six quarts of aniline oil and six quarts
of hydrochloric acid (at thirty two degrees Twaddell) which have been previously
mixed and cooled. This is the standard mixture. When required for use add
more hydrochloric acid in the proportion of about two ounces of the acid to each
gallon of the above mixture.
-
When the cloth thus padded is dried, print on the design with the following
dissolve two ounces of (say) methylene blue or other suitable color, in half a pint
of methylated spirits and half a pint of hot water, and add seven pints of a
thickened "resist containing about four ounces and two thirds of acetate of
soda, and two ounces and two thirds of British gum to the half pint.
"
When dry, expose in a steam chamber in the usual way which will develop the
aniline black ground and at the same time fix the methylene blue pattern by the
astringent mordant, then wash and finish in the usual manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The simultaneous production and fixation of colored designs in conjunction with
aniline black grounds upon calico or other woven fabrics by the combined process
or combination of processes substantially as herein before described that is to say:
First, prepare or mordant the cloth with an astringent solution and tartar emetic.
Secondly, pad with a mixture of aniline oil and other materials, thickened or

page_text: otherwise suitable for the production of aniline black by the ordinary known
methods.
Thirdly, print the design with coloring matters (such as are ordinarily fixed
with astringent solutions) dissolved and thickened and mixed with acetate of soda,
or other well known materials such as are used to prevent the formation or develop-
ment of aniline black, on the parts so printed.
Fourthly, develop the aniline black (on the parts not printed) by steaming or
ageing as usual, which will at the same time cause the mordant or astringent
matter to fix the coloring matters and resist or prevent the formation of the
aniline black upon those parts which have been printed.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1892.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.