IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE LAMPS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Palmer, of Sutton Street, Clerkenwell, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE LAMPS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Palmer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
June 1854.
I, WILLIAM PALMER, of Sutton Street, Clerkenwell, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE LAMPS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention is particularly directed to the construction of a candle
lamp suitable for burning candles on the interior, and near to the roofs of
railway carriages, where the lamps are exposed to the outer air; at the same
time these lamps are also applicable to and may be used in other situations
exposed to the outer air. In constructing candle lamps for railway carriages,
it is desirable that the same may be conveniently put in and removed from
their places by persons on the roofs of the carriage; and it is also desirable
that the candle tubes may be introduced and removed without removing the
glass, and that the glasses may be removed without moving the candle tube
and holders, and it is to accomplish these objects that the improvements are
directed. For these purposes a socket or receiver is fixed in the partition of
a railway carriage, or other place where such lamps are to be used, to receive
and bear the candle tube at its proper height, and to admit air; and below it

page_text: a tube or other receptacle may be fixed or formed in the partition, to receive
the candle tube or holder. The socket is formed at the top to receive or hold
the glass, and is perforated in such manner that air may be introduced at
that point to admit air to support combustion. The lower part of the glass is
made suitable for entering into or being fixed to the socket, and the opening
through the glass at bottom is such as to allow of the candle tube being put
through it into the fixed tube receptacle; hence either the candle tube or the
glass may be removed or placed without reference to each other. On the
upper part of the glass is fixed a cover or cap, with a chimney, for the passage
away of the products of combustion and air from the lamp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Palmer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd December 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
PALMER, of Sutton Street, Clerkenwell, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Palmer, Her special licence that I, the said William Palmer,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said
William Palmer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CANDLE LAMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Palmer, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Palmer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say) :-

page_text: This Invention is particularly directed to the construction of a candle lamp
suitable for burning candles on the interior, and near to the roofs of railway
carriages, where the lamps are exposed to the outer air; at the same time
these lamps are also applicable to and may be used in other situations
exposed to the outer air. In constructing candle lamps for railway
carriages, it is desirable that the same may be conveniently put in and
removed from their places by persons on the roofs of the carriage; and it is
also desirable that the candle tubes may be introduced and removed without
removing the glass, and that the glasses may be removed without moving the
candle tube and holders, and it is to accomplish these objects that the improve-
ments are directed. For these purposes, a socket or receiver is fixed in the
partition of a railway carriage, or other place where such lamps are to be used,
to receive and bear the candle tube at its proper height, and to admit air; and
below it a tube or other receptacle may be fixed or formed in the partition, to
receive the candle, tube, or holder. The socket is formed at the top to
receive or hold the glass, and is perforated in such manner that air may be
introduced at that point to support combustion. The lower part of the glass
is made suitable for entering into or being fixed to the socket, and the opening
through the glass at bottom is such as to allow of the candle tube being put
through it into the fixed. tube receptacle; hence either the, candle tube or tho
glass may be removed or placed without reference to each other. On the
upper part of the glass is fixed a cover or cap, with a chimney, for the passage
away of the products of combustion and air from the lamp.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Drawing shows a section of a candle lamp and apparatus combined
according to my said Invention. a is a tube fixed into the partition, which
divides two bodies of a railway carriage, or in other place. This tube has fixed
at its upper end a socket b, into which the lower end of the glass centers, and
the socket is perforated with small holes to admit of air passing to support
combustion. The glass c is made to slide into and from the socket freely, so
as to be removed or put in its place readily. The glass is fixed at its upper
edge to a cylinder of metal c', which is made at its upper end with bended
rings or projections c, c³, as is usual in such lamps. On the upper part of this
cylinder is hinged the cap or cover d, which carries the central chimney e up,
through. which the products of combustion and air pass. On the interior of
the cylinder c' is fixed the cylinder or lining f. On the outside of the cap or

page_text: cover is fixed the short cylinder g, and there are also four supports h, h, which
carry the cylinder i, i, and also the interior cylinder j, which is closed at top,
and the products of combustion and air get away, as indicated by the arrows.
is the hinge on which the cover moves when it is desired to take away or
replace the candle tube k, which is an ordinary candle tube. By this arrange-
ment it will be seen that either the glass c or the, candle tube k may be
removed without removing the other.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the
combination of parts herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Palmer, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
B. GOBEY,
12, Cursitor Street,
Chancery Lane.
W PALMER. (L.S.)