IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR ROOFING
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR ROOFING."-A communication
from abroad by Julius Erichsen, of Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of
Denmark, Merchant.
Scaled the 19th December 1871, and dated the 28th June 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1871.
I, PETER JENSEN, of 89, Chancery Lanc, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR ROOFING," to be as
follows:-
These improvements are as follows:-The best pasteboard made from
rags, old rope, or Manilla hemp, and of the desired length and width
is put in a kettle or boiler filled with coal tar free from water, and a
certain quantity of Limmer asphalt, and powdered silicate of soda, and
potash or "liquid flint," or Farnham rock finely powdered, or other
+

page_text: soluble silicious earth. The pasteboard is boiled for about 10 to 15
minutes and then removed from the boiler. It is then passed through
a pair of rollers and then passes a box filled with sand and certain parts
of powdered silica of soda or burnt potash, or powdered flint, or Farnham
rock, or other soluble silicious earth. The pasteboard is then passed
through another pair of rollers in order to cause the sand and other
materials to adhere properly. After the pasteboard has been dried in
the open air or by artificial heat it is ready for use. The rollers must
then be brushed in order to be ready for the next lot of pasteboard.
When the roofing pasteboard has been fastened to the boards
"Erichsen's India mastic" is applied in the following manner :-It is
heated and painted over the whole surface, and coarse sand alone or
sand and Portland cement, hydraulic lime or Farnham rock, or other
soluble silicious carth, or powdered glass or powdered flint, either raw
or burnt, is worked into the heated mastic coating. The "India mastic"
consists of coal tar free from water, Limmer asphalt or other bituminous
earth, a certain quantity of Portland cement or hydraulic lime, Farn-
ham rock, or other soluble silicious earth. These materials are boiled
together while being well stirred, and then put into casks of the desired
size.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd December 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer
and Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eight day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Jensen, Her special licence
that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein

page_text: expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS
FOR ROOFING," (a communication to me from abroad by Julius Erichsen,
of Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, Merchant,) upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
These improvements refer to and consist in new material or materials
for roofing, and are as follows:- The roofing material consists of the
following substances, prepared all as hereafter described. The best
pasteboard made from rags, old rope, or Manilla hemp, or other suitable
fibrous material, and of the desired length and width is put into a
kettle, cauldron, or boiler filled with coal tar free from water, together
with a certain quantity of Limmer asphalt or other asphalt of a similar
nature, and a certain quantity of powdered silicate of soda and potash,
or liquid flint, or Farnham rock finely powdered or other soluble silicious
earth. The following proportions have been found suitable, namely,
5 parts of Limmer asphalt, 5 parts of dry silicate of soda or potash (or
10 parts of liquid flint of a specific gravity of 1·6) and 90 or 85 parts
respectively of coal tar. The pasteboard is boiled in this mixture or
composition for about 10 to 15 minutes, and then removed from the
cauldron. It is then passed through a pair of rolls and is then sanded
by passing through a box filled with sand and certain parts of powdered
silicate of soda or silicate of potash or powdered burnt flint, or Farnham
rock or other soluble silicious earth. It has been ascertained that an
admixture to the sand of 5 per cent. of dry silicate or 10 per cent. of
Farnham rock or other soluble silicious earth or burnt flint answers the
purpose well. The pasteboard is then passed through another pair of
rolls in order to cause the sand and other materials to adhere properly.

page_text: The rolls
After the pasteboard thus prepared has been dried in the open air or by
a blast or current, or by artificial heat, it is ready for usc.
must be brushed in order to be ready for the next lot of pasteboard.
When the roofing pasteboard has been fastened to the boards
"Erichsen's India mastic" is applied in the following manner :-It is
heated and painted over the whole surface, and coarse sand alone, or
sand and Portland cement, hydraulic lime, or Farnham rock or other
soluble silicious earth, or powdered glass or powdered flint, either raw or
burnt, is worked into the heated mastic coating. The India mastic
consists of the following materials in or about the following propor-
tions: 45 per cent. of coal tar free from water, 5 per cent. of Limmer
or other asphalt, or other bituminous earth, 40 per cent. of Portland
cement or hydraulic lime, and 10 per cent. of Farnham rock, or 45 per
cent. of coal tar free from water, 45 per cent. of Portland cement or
hydraulic lime, and 5 per cent. of dry silicate. The sand which is
worked into the mastic has an admixture of about 5 per cent. of dry
silicate of soda or potash, and 10 per cent. of powdered glass or flint, or
Farnham Rock or other soluble silicious earth. The aforesaid materials
are boiled together while being well stirred and then put into casks of
the desired size.
And having now described the nature of this Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim as the
Invention,―
Firstly. The roofing material, substantially as herein-before described.
Secondly. The mastic, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Twenty-third day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
EDW. GRIFfith Brewer,
89, Chancery Lane,
London.
PETER JENSEN. (L.S.)