IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND MANGLING.” IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bell, of Strathmiglo, in the County of
Fife, North Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND MANGLING.”
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND MANGLING.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd October 1873.
I, JAMES BELL, of Strathmiglo, in the County of Fife, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of an Invention, of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND MANGLING," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
-
This Invention which relates to improvements in the method of giving
pressure to the rollers of wringing and mangling machines, consists in
forming the end standards with one circular hole in each at cor-
responding positions, and also in 'forming the top cross or stay bar of
the framing with a pendent extension intermediately between the

page_text: standards; this pendent having also a circular hole in its lower extremity
level with the holes in the standards. A pressure lever is hinged to
each standard by a flat steel bar passing through correspondingly flat
shaped holes in the rearward end of each lever, and through the circular
hole in each standard. These levers are formed at their fromer ends
into a curved bush shape to grasp the axle of the upper pressure roller
of the machine, and that it may act as a bearing therefor.
Intermediately between the standards is hinged another lever by the
flat steel bar passing through flat-shaped holes therein, and through the
circular hole in the pendent herein-before mentioned. This lever
extends backwards from the bar, and has a bolt hole in its extremity,
and at a corresponding position of the top cross rail there is an iron stud
projecting backwards and having a hole in its extremity through which
a screwed bolt is passed down to and through the hole in the rearward
end of the lever, this bolt having a nut upon it for adjusting the
degree of tension to be given to the steel bar through the back leverage.
The result is that when in operation the pressure of the rollers is pri-
marily adjusted by the screw bolt and nut, and the pressure is maintained
by the levers at each end pressing down upon the axle or spindle of
the rollers. The flat steel bar being rigid within the flat holes of the
levers but capable of circular movement within the circular holes in
the standards and in that of the central pendent between the standards,
the pressure upon the roller is thus kept constant, but the circular
twisting of the bar at each end allows of the upper roller rising and
falling slightly by any irregularities of the feed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Bell in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd April 1874."
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BELL, of Straithmiglo, in the County of Fife, North Britain, Engineer, a
send greeting.
· WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-.

page_text: seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said James Bell, Her special license
that I, the said James Bell, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Bell, my executors,
Cadministrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WRINGING AND MANGLING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Bell, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and, immediately.
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Bell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention which relates to improvements. in the method of
giving pressure to the rollers of wringing and mangling machines, con-
sists in forming the end standards with one circular hole in cach, at
corresponding positions, and also in forming the top cross or stay bar of
the framing with a pendant projection between, the standards, this
pendant having also a circular hole formed in its extremity level with
the holes in the standards. A pressure lever is hinged to each standard.
by a flat or square steel bar passing through correspondingly flat.or
square shaped holes in the rearward end of each lever, and through the
circular holes in the standards. These levers are formed at their outer
ends into a curved bush shape to grasp the axle of the upper pressure'
roller of the machine, so that it may serve as a bearing therefor.
Intermediately between the standards another lever is hinged by.
the flat or square steel bar, passing throug flat or square shaped
holes therein, and through the circular hole in the pendant herein-
before described. This lever extends backwards from the bar, having

page_text: a bolt hole or the equivalent thereof in its extremity, and at a cor-
responding position on the top cross stay bar there is formed a pro-
jection through which passes a screwed bolt with a T head formed on.
its extremity which supports the rearward end of the aforesaid lever,:
the aforesaid T headed bolt having a nut upon it for adjusting the 5
degree of torsion to be given to the steel bar, the result is that when in
operation the pressure of the rollers is primarily adjusted by the screw
bolt and nut, and is maintained by the levers at each end pressing down
upon the axle or spindle of the upper roller. The pressure on the
rollers is thus kept constant, but the torsional resistance or elasticity of 1
the steel bar allows the upper roller to rise and fall slightly correspondly;
with any irregularities in the feed.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I
now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner
in or under which the same is or may be used or practically carried into 1
effect, reference being had to the annexed Sheet of Drawings and to
the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
Figure 1 on the annexed Sheet of Drawings is an elevation of a
wringing or mangling machine to which my Invention is shewn applied;
Figure 2 is a transverse section of Figure 1 at the line a, b. The sido 2
frames A are tied together by the top cross bar B and stay C; the axle
or spindle of the bottom roller D rests in, bearings formed for its
reception in the frames A while the bearings for the axle of the upper
roller E are formed at the outer extremities of the levers F, which are
fixed at either end of the flat square or polygonal steel bar G passing 2
through circular holes formed in the side frames A, and also through a
circular hole in a projection H which is formed on the under side of the
top cross bar B. On the upper side of the cross bar B there is also
formed a projection I through which passes a screwed T headed bolt J.
which is provided with a thumb nut K. Between the frames A and 3
fixed to the steel bar G is a lever L, the curved upper end of which is
shaped to receive the end of the T headed bolt J.
The machine is fixed to the washing tub or receptacle by means:
of the thumb screws M, and the elastic rollers are actuated by the
handle N.
3

page_text: the lower roller D by operating the thumb nut K, by which the upper
end of the lever L is lifted or made to describe an arc whereby the steel
bar G (to which the lever L is fixed) turns in its bearings in the frames
A and projection H, causing the outer ends of the levers F (which are
fixed to either end of the steel bar G) to exert a downward pressure upon
the ends of the axle of the upper roller E, whereby the articles passed
between the rollers are pressed to any required degree, and are thus
wrung or mangled. The twisting or torsive elasticity of the steel bar G
acts as a spring whereby the upper roller is allowed to rise and fall
slightly, by which any irregularities in the feed are overcome.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of
my said Invention and the system, mode, or manner in or under
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I
would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the arrangement of
flat, square, or polygonal steel bar extending beween the side frames of
the machine having levers fixed thereon, which bear upon the upper
pressure roller, the pressure imparted by the bar being adjusted by a
screw bolt and nut acting upon a lever situated at the centre of the bar,
substantially as herein-before described and shewn on the annexed
Drawings.