Improvements in or applicable to Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in or applicable to Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
I, WILLIAM GRIMSHAW STONES, of Whiteholme, Clayton-le-Dale, near Blackburn,
in the County of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that class of pneumatic tyres for wheels wherein an
inflatible air tube is protected by a removable cover composed of a circumferential
band of india rubber and canvas combined, the two edges of such band or cover being
connected together all found by means of studs, buttons, or other equivalent
fastenings attached at intervals at or near one edge, inserted into corresponding
holes made in the other edge so that the said band or cover, when its edges are
united together as aforesaid, forms a perfect annular tube enclosing the air tube...
The cover with the deflated air tube therein is laid in the concave groove of the
metal rim of the wheel, and when the inner air tube is inflated it is held perfectly
secure in the concave groove of the rim, and cannot be displaced without deflation
of the inner tube.
In such pneumatic tyres as hitherto constructed the tyre itself, apart from the grip
occasioned by inflation, is not actually connected to the rim anywhere excepting at
the point where the inflating tube passes through the hole in the metal rim, and the
consequence is that such tyres have a tendency to "creep" round the rim thereby
occasioning great injury and sometimes destruction of the tyre.
The object of my invention is to remedy this defect by so attaching the cover of
the tyre to the metal rim as to prevent all "creeping" action.
For this purpose I employ, instead of studs or buttons for fastening the edges of
the cover together, small hooks of such a length that after passing through the eyelet
holes in the adjacent edge of the cover the hooked part will project beyond the
outside of the cover.
:
Through any convenient number of these hooks I pass a wire made or fitted with
small projecting stop blocks at such a distance apart that each stop block shall come
against one of the hooked fastenings above named.
One end of this wire is formed with an eye which is passed over a fixed hook which
is attached to the metal rim or felloe of the wheel and lies transversely inside the
rim beneath the united edges of the cover, and as the straight part of this wire is
slipped sideways into the hooks of the cover with a hook against each top block, it
follows that the cover is thereby securely connected to the rim of the wheel, and thus
all tendency to ". creep" is effectually prevented.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
Agents for the Applicant, 4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester..

page_text: Improvements in or applicable to Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
I, WILLIAM GRIMSHAW STONES, of Whiteholme, Clayton-le-Dile, near Blackburn, in
the County of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of pneumatic tyres for wheels wherein an
inflatible air tube is protected by a removable cover composed of a circumferential
band of india rubber and canvas combined, the two edges of such band or cover being
connected together all round by means of studs, buttons, or other equivalent fasten-
ings attached at intervals at or near one edge, so that the said band or cover, when
its edges are united together as aforesaid, forms a perfect annular tube enclosing the
air tube.
In such tyres as usually constructed the cover with the deflated air tube therein is
laid in the concave groove of the metal or other rim of the wheel, and when the air
tube is inflated the cover is held perfectly secure in the concave groove of the rim,
and cannot be displaced without deflation of the air tube.
In such pneumatic tyres as hitherto made the tyre itself apart from the grip
occasioned by inflation is not actually connected to the rim anywhere excepting at
the point where the inflating tube passes through the hole in the metal or other rim,
and the consequence is that such tyres have a tendency to "creep" round the rim,
thereby occasioning great injury and sometimes destruction of the tyre.
The object of my invention is to remedy this defect by so attaching the cover of
the tyre to the metal or other rim of the wheel as to prevent all "creeping" action.
I am aware that studs, hooks, or equivalent devices have been employed for the
purpose of connecting together the two edges of a cover surrounding an inner or
inflatible air tube, such studs or equivalents merely keeping the two edges of the
cover together so that a complete casing is provided all round the air tube.
✓ According to my invention I attain my object by the means of a wire which may
be made in any desired number of lengths circumferentially around the rim such
wire being provided with stop blocks or equivalents, which stop blocks when the tyre
in inflated upon the rim lie close up against any desired number of studs, which studs
as previously mentioned serve to connect the two edges of the cover together. A
stop block need not lie up against every stud.
* One end only of each length of wire, provided with the stop blocks, is connected
with the rim by means of a ring formed upon that end of the wire and a hook fixed
to the rim of the wheel at the requisite place. A hook is provided in general for
each length of stop blocked wire but one of the lengths of wire may be connected to
the rim by passing the stem of the inflating valve through the hole at the end of
such wire.
I do not wish to confine myself to any particular form of hook for connecting the
end of the wire to the rim as the kind of hook may be varied to suit the kind of rim
whether the latter be of metal (solid or hollow) or wood or of other material.
The stop blocks may be made of various forms some of which are shown on the
accompanying drawings, on which
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show stop blocks of a knob shaped pattern which may be fastened
upon the wire by a method shown on Fig. 6, at A, B, C, D, E, which will be
subsequently described.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section (development) through the thickness of air or inner
tube and cover, which when the tyre is inflated upon the rim, lie next to the rim,
and also of the rim which may be of metal, wood or other material. The wire a and
stop blocks b and one hook for attaching the wire to the rim d being shown in
position; Fig. 2 shows a view looking outwardly from the centre of the wheel the
rim supposed to be removed, the wire a with stop blocks b is shown in position, a

page_text: "
stop block lying up against each stud e. Now the tyre having a tendency to "creep'
relatively to the rim in a direction contrary to that in which the wheel revolves as
shown by the arrow Fig. 4 it will be apparent that this creeping tendency will be
entirely prevented since the end of each length of wire is rigidly attached to the rim
against longitudinal (i.e., circumferential) movement in relation to the rim, by means
of the hook f which is fixed thereto (see also reduced view Fig. 4).
Figs. 1 and 2 shew the wire a engaging with hooks formed in the projecting ends
of the studs e which connect the two edges of the cover g together. Fig. 5 shows
the wire in cross section lying in its normal position in the hooked end e of the stud.
Fig. 7 is a cross section of part of inner tube h and two edges of the cover g and
rim d adjacent to one of the hooks f. Now it will be clear that to gain access to
any part of the inner tube h it is only necessary after the tyre has been deflated
to slip the wire a sideways from out of the hooks e formed in the part of stud project-
ing beyond the two thicknesses of the cover g. The edge of the cover provided with
holes through which the studs pass can then be pulled free of said studs and the
inner tube his at once free to be pulled out for inspection or repair. Any
desired length of the wire a may be entirely removed by releasing it from every
hooked stud e with which it is engaged and drawing it off the hook f. The wire
can be easily replaced after inspection of the inner tube has been made at any
desired spot. The inner surface of the cover g can be very easily got at for
inspection or repair, there being no stiff rigid edges to prevent its being turned
inside out.
The tyre as a whole i.e. the inner tube, cover, studs a and stop blocked wire
may be readily removed all together, after deflation, if desired, by slipping the
ends of each length of wire off its corresponding hook f and releasing the valve
stem in the usual manner, this may be very useful in some cases.
The principal advantage of the combination of the stop blocked wire, hooked
studs e and hooks f is that the tyre to which they are fitted can be very readily
attached to any ordinary form of rim. Another advantage is that any small length
of the inner tube h or cover g can be easily inspected without removing the whole
tyre, and without the use of any tools, simply using the fingers. The attachment
and detachment is so easy that a lady can herself readily do all necessary in
case of repair, etc.
Fig. 6 illustrates a convenient way of making the stop blocks b on the wires a.
In the piece of wire A, I make at suitable distances apart shallow indentations as
at Bon to which the stop-blocks bare forged as shown at C, D, E.
Figs. 8, 9, 10 are underneath views, and Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are sections illus-
trating slight modifications which may be substituted for the stop blocks, Fig. 8
showing the wire kinked at i. Fig. 9 showing hooks brazed on at k and Fig. 10 eyes
made at and secured by bolts m. Other evident modifications may be made.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
The improvements in or applicable to pneumatic tyres of the class hereinbefore
indicated, consisting principally in the application thereto of studs e passing through
holes in both edges of the cover, in combination with wires a provided with stop
blocks b (or their equivalent) locking or abutting against such studs, the said wires
being also connected to the metal or other rim of the wheel by means of hooks f (or
their equivalent) substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
drawings annexed.
Dated this 19th dan
1
2007