IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBBIN NET OR TWIST LACE MACHINERY
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Dewick, of New Lenton, in the County of Not-
tingham, Lace Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBBIN
NET OR TWIST LACE MACHINERY."
Sealed the 18th December 1860, and dated the 22nd June 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dewick at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd June
1860.
I, JOHN DEWICK, of New Lenton, in the County of Nottingham, Lace
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BOBBIN NET OR TWIST LACE MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment in bobbin net or twist lace
machinery of a new arrangement of a stump and covering bar, together with a
new arrangement of apparatus applied to jacquard machinery, whereby I am
enabled to work one or more warp threads to each bobbin thread; each one of
such warp threads may be caused by the jacquard on each motion of the
machine to twist the right way, the reverse way, or stand still, or work two or
more gates, as desired, and allow space in front or back of such stump and
covering bars for the working of top bars.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Dewick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd December 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DEWICK, of New Lenton, in the County of Nottingham, Lace Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Dewick, Her special licence that I, the said John Dewick,
iny executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Dewick, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BOBBIN NET OR TWIST LACE MACHINERY," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Dewick, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under. my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Dewick, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the employment in bobbin net and twist lace
machinery of a new arrangement of a stump and covering bar, together with a
new arrangement of apparatus applied to jacquard machinery, whereby I am
'enabled to work one or more warp threads to each bobbin thread; each. one of
'such warp threads may be caused by the jacquard on each motion of the
machine to twist the right way, the reverse way, or stand still, or work two or
more gates, as desired, and allow space in front or back of such stump and
covering bars for the working of top bars.
The manner in which my Invention is performed is fully explained by the
following description and by the Drawings hereunto annexed.

page_text: A section of part of a lace machine is shewn at Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, in
which A is front point bar; B', front comb bar; B, back comb bar; C, facing
bar; D and D, stationary bars in front and back for carrying bearings; D³ and
D', shafts in front and back moving on their own axis and endways, for carrying
and giving motion to the covering bars; D, cam fast on the back cam shaft,
acting on the levers D, D, D³, and D', for moving the shafts Ds and D' on
their own axis; D1 and D", guage screw and stop regulating the motion of
covering bars; D12, spring for bringing back the levers D', D, and D; D,.
shaft across end of the machine moving on its own axis, for the purpose of
moving the shafts D³ and D' endways; D", lever acted upon by a cam Z²
(not shewn, but of the same form, and fastened on the same shaft as the cam
D'), for giving motion to the shaft D₁; D15, two short levers (only one of.
which is shewn), fastened on the shaft D¹s and moving the bars D³ and D*
lengthways; E, front, and Ee, back covering bars; E³ and E', a number of
brackets (two of which only are shewn) fastened on the shafts D³ and D₁ for
carrying the covering bars; E', a stump bar; E', one of the number of brackets
carrying the same; E7, one of a number of brackets for carrying top bars in
front; Es, pins fastened on the brackets E, and passing through the back
covering bars for carrying back top bars; E, front, and E, back top bars.
The cams Z and Z', with a third cam Z2, are for working the jacquard. Here
the cam Z so acts on the cylinder as to cause it (the cylinder), along with pat-
tern surfaces, to select the jacks previous to the carriages leaving the warp
threads; during the time the carriages are leaving the warp threads, the cam
Z operates through the frame G 10 (Figure 3), driving bar G 12, and upper
jacks on the threads required to be placed in the second or third gates. . The
cam Z2 is so placed as then to allow time for the covering bar to go in, when
the return of the upper driving bar allows the threads taken up to be lowered;
and at the same time this cam Z acts on the frame and lower driving bar and
through the jacks, to take up the threads required to stand on one gate and on
three gates. This action must take place before the carriages re-enter the
warps. The threads required on the dead stop not having been moved, remain
in their places. The threads in one gate and in three gates are taken and held
in their places by the action o the cam Z. The threads required in two gates.
being first taken up and then lowered by the return of the top driving bar, and
not selected to be taken up by the working of the bottom bar, stand in two
gates. When it is required to work only two gates, the cams G³ and G* in
Figure 3 may be substituted for the cams Z, Z, Z³.
Figure 3, Sheet 2, shews an arrangement of part of a jacquard. G¹ is one
of the bottom bars; G2 is one of the upper jacks; G³, one of the lower jacks,

page_text: both working in slots; Gis a shaft on which the cams G³, Go, are fixed; G' is
a stationary shaft, on which the levers GB and G move, the lever G³ resting on
the cam G5, the lever G on the cam Go, as shewn; G10, G", are frames for
carrying drivers; G is a bar fastened transversely to G, for the purpose of
acting upon the upper jacks G; G is also a similar bar fixed transversely
to G, to act upon the lower jacks G³. The frames G, G", are capable of
moving to and fro, and this is done by connecting the motions of the cams G
and Go, and levers G and G°, through rods G and G17, to the frames Go
and G G represents the jacquard cylinder; G1, G2, are vertical pins to
give upward motion to the jacks G³ and G³.
Figure 4 shews a small portion of a jacquard, such as is generally employed,
requiring two jacks F, F³, and in which the jacks are connected by a string to
a jacquard top.
Figure 5 shews a small part of another arrangement of jacquard with only
one jack H¹ to each bar, but having two projections H³, H³, of different heights,
upon it; E' and H are two bars for giving motion lengthways to the jacks
H'; in this case nogs are used, along with perforated cards (in manner well
known), to bring either of the driving bars in or out of contact with the
projections H, H³, when it is desired so to do.
Figure 6 shews on an enlarged scale a stump and covering bar, in which
the stump bar K' is stationary, and the covering bar K³ draws in and out.
The stump bar K¹ has long narrow slits or openings, in which two or more
warp threads may be used to work with one bobbin thread; the length of the
openings in the stump bar is three gates, with a division K3 occupying one
gate, making together four gates. The covering bar has also divisions or
projections K occupying one gate, and spaces occupying three gates. The
covering bar is so fixed as that it shall divide the openings on the stump bar
into two equal parts, each of such parts being one gate, from which it will be
evident that threads actuated by bottom bars, when the covering bar is out,
may any of them be lowered to the dead stop; or if bottom bars are so acted
upon by the jacquard, any of the threads may be raised three gates from the
dead stop.
If the covering bar is now put in, and then any of those bars
which raised the threads three gates are lowered, such threads will be stopped
by the divisions at two gates from the dead stop; and if any of the bars that
lowered the threads to the dead stop are raised, such threads will stand one
gate. This explanation shews that each of the warp threads may be caused
by the jacquard on each motion of the machine to twist the right way, the
reverse way, or stand still, or work two or more gates as desired.
Figure 7 shews another arrangement of stump bar and covering bar,

page_text: suitable when only two gates are required. In this arrangement, instead
of working the covering bar in one piece, I divide it into two parts
as shewn in Drawing Sheet 1, (when the arrangement of stump. bar as
described in reference to Figure 6 is used, it will be seen that. the covering
bar in front, and all belonging to it may be dispensed with). The length of
the openings in the stump bar, Figure 7, is about one and half gate, the division
making up two gates; the covering bar has divisions of one gate, and openings
one gate; one side of the divisions in the stump bar is set so that the
measure of one side of one division to the same side on the next division
should exactly equal two gates.
In this arrangement, if some of the threads are lowered by means of the
jacquard to the dead stop, and some raised to the opposite side of the space,
and the covering bar be then taken in, and raised by the shogging of the
shaft D', so that the threads raised to the opposite side of the dead stop are,.
by the divisions in the covering bar, carried over the divisions in the stump
bar so as to stand two gates from the dead stop, and if any of the threads
lowered to the dead stop are then brought up to the divisions of the covering
bars when it is shogged, these threads will then stand one gate from the dead
stop. It will be seen that the warp threads in this arrangement may stand at.
the dead stop, or at one gate, or at two gates, on each motion of the machine.
Figure 8 shews a third arrangement of stump and covering bar.
arrangement the shogging action is omitted, the divisions in both bars made as
fine as possible; the spaces occupy two gates (less the thickness of the divi-
sions); the covering bar is in one piece, moving in and out, and has divisions
or projections of unequal lengths, the short one covering the spaces in the back
stumps, the long ones the spaces in the front stumps; the action of the bottom
bars operating on the threads may be the same as that last described in refe-
rence to Figure 7. The threads that stand one gate may be let down or
raised previous to the entering of the covering bar.
In this
Figure 9 shews another arrangement of a stump bar and covering bar. In
this arrangement the divisions in the front stump bar are prolonged, and act
as covers to the spaces in the back stump bar; the divisions in the back stump
bar are prolonged, and act as coverers to the spaces in the front stump bar.
From the description already given the working of this arrangement will be
easily understood.
.
Figure 10 is one of a cut of wheels for making the most improved four-
barred net and fining, and applicable to be worked with the stump and
covering bars herein-before mentioned.

page_text: Figure 11 is another cut of wheels for making four-barred net, with the
stump bar divided into four separate stump bars, with slots of one gate and
divisions of one gate; the motions of each stump bar are given along with this
cut of wheels. This net is not made so perfect as by the cut of wheels
Figure 10, but. the fining will be the same.
When more extensive patterns are required than could be made by using
bottom bars in connection with the cut of wheels Figure 10, I then use inde-
pendent jacks, shewn in Figure 12; the working of these are well known, but
it is important for my purpose that the use of the jack should be as thin as
possible, as described for the covering and stump bars, Figures 8 and 9.
The covering bar Y³ is fixed on the bracket Y, which is fastened on the
shaft Y, and working as described in reference to Figure 1. The coverers
are pointed and nearly one gate thick, only allowing space between them for
the threads; these coverers also act when required to open more perfectly the
threads for the carriages to pass. Y³ is a bracket, on which the four bars
referred to in Figure 13 are placed; these bars are perforated as half bars, or
eight may be used perforated as quarter bars.
Figure 13 shews the cut of wheels and motions of the threads to make
similar net to that made by the cut of wheels Figure 10; the four bars
required are indicated by black and red lines, and may have two actions to
each motion the position the threads or bars are placed in. On the first
action of each motion is the position (shewn 1 to 12) they must be in to make
the net. The second action of each motion shews the position (A 1 to A 12)
the bars or threads must be in to make the fining, the dots shew where the
jacks must be introduced to hold the threads when making net. In arranging
the threads previous to working the dead stop of the second pair must stand
one gate higher than the dead stop of the first pair.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware that stump
and covering bars have been heretofore employed in making the class of net to
which my Invention more particularly refers; but when so employed, two cards.
or pattern surfaces have been necessary where double action was required; also
the space occupied has been so great as to interfere with the success of the
plan, and the general working has been so slow and imperfect as to make
the plan of little or no value. It will be found my Invention obviates these
difficulties; and I therefore claim, as my improvements in bobbin net or twist
lace machinery,
First, the combination of stump and covering bars, together with jacquard

page_text: arrangements where double action is required, whereby I am enabled to work
with only one card or pattern surface to each motion of the machine, as
herein-before described.
Second, the arrangements of stump and covering bars and cut of wheels in
manner and for the purpose herein-before described.
Third, the employment of independent jacks shewn at Figures 12 and 13,
and the method of action thereof, for the purpose herein-before described.
And, fourth, the combination and arrangement of jacks, bars, and cut of
wheels, herein-before described and shewn at Figures 12 and 13 of the
accompanying Drawings.
JOHN DEWICK. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named John Dewick, in
the presence of
ARTHUR WELLS,
Attorney, Nottingham.