IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BUILDING IN CONCRETE ANY CLASS OR STYLE OF WALL OR WORK, AND FINISHING THE SAME
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick George Jordan, of Heath Cottage, Newmarket,
in the County of Cambridge, Architect and Builder, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BUILDING IN CONCRETE ANY
CLASS OR STYLE OF WALL OR WORK, AND FINISHING THE SAME."
Sealed the 3rd July 1877, and dated the 17th January 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick George Jordan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1877.
FREDERICK GEORGE JORDAN, of Heath Cottage, Newinarket, in the County of
Cambridge, Architect and Builder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
BUILDING IN CONCRETE ANY CLASS OR STYLE OF WALL OR WORK, AND FINISHING
THE SAME.
"
The object of my Invention is to greatly facilitate, cheapen, and materially
improve the strength and character generally of concrete buildings or works, and to
avoid the difficulties experienced in setting up, keeping level, and perpendicular the
walls of buildings or works; also to finish off' such walls or works in an economical
manner.
The
I
In carrying out the said Invention I use vertical stanchions, each formed with a
shelf to support moulding boards, and internal and external angle pieces, and having
gauged holes through the same for the purpose of tieing the outside stanchion to the
inside stanchion by means of bolts. The top half of the stanchion above the shelf
projects the thickness of the moulding boards to be secured to the same.
foundations of the concrete walls or buildings are made in the usual manner.
then proceed as follows:-I fix the stanchions in their places and fill in concrete so
as to build the first height of the wall or work. I then remove the stanchions and
fix them higher up. The lower half of the stanchion is then fixed close to the wall
or work already built and is secured by means of the same bolts and nuts which
held the lower half to the moulding boards. I move the stanchion at every filling
in of concrete of whatever height and refix its position.
The moulds for forming the angles of the building are fixed to the stanchions by
means of L iron crooked ties which keep the angles straight, and the stanchions,
boards, and bolts strongly tied together. The same stanchion ties, boards, and bolts
are used throughout any work as plinths, internal and external angles, chimney
Price fid 1

page_text: breasts, door and window jambs. I use stanchions of the same size throughout the
building in course of erection, and by so doing the work is kept perpendicular and
level. In refixing, no plumbing for the perpendicular is required. Each stanchion
is constructed with gauged holes, a projecting shelf, and an offset. The stanchions
can be secured to the moulding boards from time to time without the aid of skilled
labour, and may be made of wood or metal.
I finish off the walls or works as the building proceeds by the use of a concrete
tile, the thickness of which I regulate according to the size or thickness of the wall,
but in any case it is not thicker than walls or works of a similar thickness are
when finished in stucco. The tiles may be made of any shape, style, or design, and
of any colour. The internal side of the tile is covered by numerous successive dove-
tailed nodules, or continuous ribs, or cross ridges, either square, round, angular, or
canted, and by means of these nodules the tiles are secured to the concrete. These
nodules are formed by pressing or moulding, or in any other convenient manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frederick George Jordan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
July 1877.
$6
FREDERICK GEORGE JORDAN, of Heath Cottage, Newmarket, in the County of
Cambridge, Architect and Builder. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
BUILDING IN CONCRETE ANY CLASS OR STYLE OF WALL OR WORK, AND FINISHING
THE SAME."
The objects of my Invention are to greatly facilitate, cheapen, and materially
strengthen concrete buildings or works, and to generally improve their character or
quality, and to avoid the difficulties heretofore experienced in setting up and
keeping level and perpendicular the apparatus used in the erection of concrete walls
or buildings. Also to finish off such walls, buildings, or works in an economical,
substantial, and effective manner.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I use the apparatus shewn in the
accompanying Drawings, in which,-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a stanchion.
Figure 2 is a section of a wall between two of these stanchions illustrating the
manner of erecting the said wall by the aid of my improved apparatus.
Figure 3 is a plan illustrating the manner of forming angles with the said
apparatus.
Figure 4 shows details of the said apparatus.
Figure 5 is an elevation of part of Figure 3, drawn to an enlarged scale.
The remaining Figures are herein-after described.
The stanchions A, Figures 1 and 2, are formed with the upper part A' and the
lower part A2; they also have shelves a on which the moulding boards C stand.
When the lower part A2 of the said stanchions is secured to the wall B there is
sufficient space between the latter and the upper part A¹ to admit the said moulding
boards C which are supported by the said upper part, as shewn in Figure 2. The
said stanchions are also provided with gauged holes b', 62, 63, 64, through which are
passed the bolts d', d², d³, d, for holding the said stanchions on the side of the
wall. These bolts are fitted with suitable hand nutse whereby the required tension
or pressure is applied to them.
It is important that the distance between the holes
b, 62, should exactly correspond with the distance between the holes 63, 6, so that
when the stanchions are raised during the progress of the work, as herein-after
described, and the part A is brought up to the position first occupied by the part A¹,
the bolts ds, d, which have been holding the part A¹ and which are left in the wall
will enter the holes b¹, b, in the lower part A2 of the stanchions,

page_text: In the erection of a concrete wall, according to my Invention, the moulding
boards Care secured by and between the stanchions, as shewn in Figure 2. A9
each portion of the wall is completed the said stanchions and moulding boards are
raised to complete the next portion; for example, the portion B of the wall having
been built by filling in the concrete between the moulding boards C, the stanchions A
are raised till the holes 61, 62, in the lower part A2 of the stanchions come opposite
the bolts d³, d', which have been left in the wall after first serving to hold the
upper part A' and the moulding boards. Thus there will never be required more
than four bolts to each pair of stanchions. To prevent the sticking of the concrete
to the said bolts I cover them, as shewn in Figure 4, with a thin piece or clip of
zine d³ extending across the thickness of the wall. This zinc clip is left in the wall
and serves as a tie, and the bolt may be easily drawn out and will leave a com-
paratively small hole in the concrete walls, so that these walls will be very much
stronger than when large wood or metal gauges are employed, which gauges leave
when driven out very large holes, thus materially reducing the strength of the
walls.
In forming walls at right angles, as shewn in Figure 3, the moulding boards on
the inside of the wall are continued to the angle, one lapping over the end of the
other, as shown at f, and on all external angles, quoins, and the like I use square
angle blocks g fitted with iron plates, L shaped and slotted, as shown at h¹, Figures
3 and 5. The slot in these plates drops over the neck of the button i and thereby
secures the said plates.
Figure 6 is a plan, and Figure 7 a side elevation illustrating modifications of this
part of my Invention. In forming rustic quoins or angles, as shown in these
Figures, the moulding boards C are discontinued at the projection of the rustic
quoin D, and this projection is formed by angle moulding boards E tied to
stanchions A by L iron crooked ties F. The foundation being made in the usual
manner I then proceed to fix the stanchions at distances apart of about 4 feet, but
subject to be divided into smaller or greater distances, as taken from the lengths of
wall to be built.
The said stanchions are applicable for forming plinths or set-offs by reversing the
stanchion, as shewn in Figure 8, which is a sectional elevation of part of a wall in
course of erection by the aid of my apparatus.
They are also applicable for forming other parts of buildings, such as cornices,
chimneys, sunk walls, and embankments.
The foregoing description will render apparent the many uses to which my
stanchions are applicable by reason of the facility of adjusting and refixing them
as the work proceeds. Moreover by having the two edges G parallel with each
other (and by bolting the lower part of the stanchion closely to the wall the upper
part of the same is kept perpendicular), and by the use of the moulding boards of
proper thickness, and secured between the stanchions and upon the shelves, as above
described, the space between these moulding boards exactly equals the thickness of
wall, so that the said wall may be built of exactly equal thickness from bottom to
top, or as far as may be desired. The said stanchions may be formed of any size
proportionate to the work to be executed, and may be constructed of either wood'
or metal.
I finish off the wall or work as the building progresses by the use of compressed
concrete tiles, the thickness of which I regulate according to its size or shape.
In Figure 9 I have shewn a plain tile(or plain "ashlar "tile). His the face, which
may either be moulded smooth, or may be roughened, or as with a tooled face. The
inside, as shown at H¹ and in transverse section at H2, is moulded to form a key
for adhering to the concrete (which is filled in against it). These compressed
mouldings have continuous dovetailed tongues of any shape, either square, reticulated,
canted, or round. H³ is a transverse section of a similar tile with successive dove-
tailed nodules instead of tongues or ridges. The same successive tongues, ribs, cross
ridges, or nodules of any shape apply alike to tiles of any design, either plain,
rusticated, vermiculated, or panelled.

page_text: Referring again to Figure 8, I have shewn at R a rustic tile fixed to the concrete,
and at Sa plinth tile moulding. At T, I have shewn tiles placed against the
moulding boards C ready to receive the filling-against of concrete. With the setting
or drying of the concrete the tiles adhere solidly to the walls, and are left thus
cemented to the walls when the said moulding boards are removed.
The tiles may also be compressed to any sectional shape or configuration of
moulding. Various forms of such sections are shewn in Figures 10 and 11. I, I,
are the cross ribs or ridges; and J, the dovetail grooves or recesses, sinking as
deeply into the tile as shewn by the dotted lines K. Into these grooves the concrete
is thrown and cements itself to the moulded tiles, thereby uniting the whole in one
solid mass.
The compressed tiles or mouldings are also made circular, or with mitred ends,
stops, return mitres, and masons' mitred butt joints, or of any other shape.
The said tiles or mouldings may also be enriched with any design of enrichment,
and may also be colored to any desired tint, and jointed to produce the appearance
or effect of either stone, brick, or tile work.
The moulds and ribbed cores by which the concrete is formed and compressed
may be made of any design, and of either wood, metal, or plastic composition, in
section or otherwise; and the compression may be produced by the press or vice
machinery ordinarily used for like purposes.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, and the manner of carrying the
same into effect, I wish it understood that I claim,―
The use of stanchions, such as shewn in Figure 1 and Figure 2 of the Drawings,
employed in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein described.
Also the use of compressed concrete tiles or mouldings having cross ribs, ridges,
tongues, or nodules, such as are herein described and shown in detail in Figures 8,
9, 10, and 11 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick George Jordan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.