matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Inprovements in and connected with Cruet-stands.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1899-Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Inprovements in and connected with Cruet-stands.
I, EDWIN COOPER, of 41, Gschwandnergasse, Vienna, Austria, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement;
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with cruet-stands and
consists in forming the receptacles which contain the salt and pepper with a lid
at the top and a neck or orifice at the side near the bottom, the former being
adapted to facilitate the filling of the receptacle and the latter the extraction of the
salt or pepper from the same.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused
to be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings, marked with letters of reference,
showing an elevation partly in section of a salt and a pepper receptacle and cruet-
stand formed in accordance with my invention.
In carrying out my invention and referring to the drawing a are the receptacles
for the reception of the salt and the pepper each closed at the top by a lid c and
at near the bottom formed with a side neck or orifice b through which by the aid
of a small spoon, suspended on the stand, the salt or pepper can be extracted at will.
This form of receptacle excludes dust and its contents is caused to sink therein
in accordance with the quantity extracted from its lowest point.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
In and connected with cruet-stands, a receptacle for salt or pepper closed at the
top and near its bottom formed with a side neck or orifice through which the
contents can be extracted, all substantially as set forth.
Dated thie lat day of Sentember 1899
Improvements in Artificial Teeth,
Year: 1899

page_text: VIOLET HARTLEY, 12, Portland Terrace, Regent's Park, London, Secretary to
Dents, Limited, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The manufacture of teeth faced or edged with precious stones, chiefly diamonds,
and similar substances, either whole or in powder. This invention applies
mainly to molar or bicuspid teeth, but it is claimed to apply it to all teeth.
Improvements in Artificial Teeth,
I, VIOLET HARTLEY, 12, Portland Terrace, Regent's Park, N.W., Spinster,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
It has been usual hitherto in making molar or bicuspid teeth (those used in
mastication) for them to be solely made of porcelain, the grinding edges of which
are very often imperfect, & sometimes so soft that they can be ground away,
thus lessening their masticatory power & ultimately wearing out. To obviate
this disadvantage we have devised a new type of tooth of novel construction,
which gives a better grinding & masticating power, & at the same time ensures
a maximum of utility and wear.
To ensure perfect mastication, it is necessary that the edges of the upper &
lower teeth, when in contact or occlusion, should not only fit perfectly well
together, one into the other, but that the surfaces on the grinding or cutting
edge of the tooth should be of the hardest possible material, so as to reduce the
food to the softest pulp. I accomplish this by grafting diamonds, pearls or
other precious stones, (or any imitation thereof) either whole or in powder, into
the cutting edge or grinding surface, where the upper & lower teeth meet
together. Diamonds, or other precious stones can also be "set" or inserted into
the crown of the tooth (that part which meets in mastication) made of metal-
gold, silver, platinum, dental alloy, &c. Diamonds, or other precious stones,
can also be inserted into the crown of the tooth, when it is made of vulcanite,
ebonite, celluloid, coralite, or any other substance which requires vulcanising
or moulding, either by heat or otherwise. This invention applies equally to
front tooth

page_text: Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
The manufacture of teeth faced or edged with precious stones, (or any imita-
tion thereof), chiefly diamonds. This applies equally to "incisors" (front teeth),
"lateral incisors," "canines,' bicuspids" & "molars,” substantially as herein-
before described, & for the purposes aforesaid.
366
Dated this Twenty-third day of June 1899.
VIOLET
HARTLEY,
Secretary to Dent's, Ltd.
An Improvement in Ventilators for Buildings, Ships, Vehicles, and other Structures.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 14th Oct., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Ventilators for Buildings, Ships, Vehicles, and
other Structures.
We, HENRY OUGH and ARTHUR HENRY OUGII, trading as Henry Ough and Son,
of 84, Saint Pauls Churchyard, in the City and County of London, Architects
and Surveyors, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement;―
The chief object of our invention is to control and diffuse without draught
the air admitted.
We provide for the admission of air through apertures, air bricks, gratings
or frames A in any position and of suitable material.
The air is filtered when necessary, and impurities such as dust, soot, and other
offensive matters are retained on the frame B on which butter-cloth, netting,
or other suitable material is stretched. The frame B is made to remove for the
purpose of changing the material when dirty and is supported by the frame C
upon which on the inside of the apartment we arrange by means of pins D
sliding in suitable sockets or by hinges or other suitable methods a moveable
board or plate E adjustable by means of the handles FF the air admitted strik-
ing upon the plate E is diffused without draught the amount admitted being
controlled or the opening entirely closed by pushing the plate E close to the
frame C.
The ventilators can be varied in size in accordance with position or the size
of the apartment to be ventilated, and can be made in any suitable material
of wood or metal and decorated in any way that may be required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
-
The improvement in ventilators and the system of ventilation above described
whereby streams of air are admitted into an apartment through openings in
front of a board or plate so arranged and controlled in respect thereto that a
diffusion of air will be created, that will through the control ventilate the
apartment without draught as much or as little as may be required.
Dated this 11th day of August 1899.
HENRY OUGH,
ARTHUR H. OUGH.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres for Bicycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Pneumatic Tyres for Bicycles
and other Vehicles.
I, ERNST MAX HUBERT KLEIN, of Mittelkanal Links, Papenburg on the Ems,
in the Empire of Germany, Workmaster, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statements:-
The improvement described below and illustrated in the accompanying draw-
ing relates to bicycle tyres, and is intended to prevent them from being so easily
damaged by sharp objects such as nails, glass, etc., which penetrate the air tube.
The tyre is illustrated in the drawing in section as the drawing shows, the
inside of the cover a is provided with a felt lining, which receives the objects
which may enter, without any damage being done to the air tube, unless the
objects which enter are of extraordinary length. Between the air tube d and
the layer of felt a layer of linen, impregnated with mucilage is arranged
which also tends to prevent any injury arising to the sensitive air tube.
With this arrangement, it is possible to pump the air tube very strongly, and
to preserve the necessary degree of elasticity.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
-
The improvements in bicycle and other tyres, the distinguishing feature
of which is the arrangement of a felt layer, as well as a strip of linen impreg
nated with mucilage between the cover and the air tube, for the purpose of
diminishing the liability of the tyre to be damaged by sharp objects, substan-
tially as shewn and described.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
An Improved Anemometer with Uniform Scale,
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Sept., 1899--Accepted, 4th Nov., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Anemometer with Uniform Scale,
We, WILLY ROHкOIL, Engineer, and CARL SCHACHT, Merchant, of 13, Bern-
burgerstrasse Magdeburg-Buckau, in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
The present invention relates to an improved anemometer, the purpose of
the invention being to permit of the employment of a scale with uniform
graduations.
In the accompanying drawings we have shown one mode of carrying the
invention into effect.
An anemometer according to our invention is of the type in which the
anemometer casing carries a movable suspended wing internally tightly fitting
the walls, the difference in the air pressure acting on this wing from either side
causing it to deflect along a scale.
In the arrangement of such anemometers as hitherto commonly in use the
space between the edges of the wing and the walls of the casing remains uniformly
large at any position of the wing. In consequence hereof the graduation on the
scale had to be very ununiform, the dividing lines at the start of the graduation
standing very close together, but as the deflection increased the distance between
these dividing lines had to be considerably varied.
To obviate this defect is the special purpose of our present invention, which
consists in increasing the distance between the edges of the wing and the walls
of the casing in accordance with the increased deflection of the wing. In view
of this arrangement the difference between the air pressure on either side of
the wing is influenced by the passage of the air through the gap between the edges
of the wing and the casing in such a manner that it is not directly proportional
to the current to be measured, but varies in regard to it, so that the deflection
of the wing increases in proportion to the increased force of the air current to be
measured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1.) In an anemometer having a wing to be deflected by the air pressure,
increasing the space between the movable wing and the walls of the anemometer
casing towards the end of the scale, for the purpose of permitting a uniform
graduation on such scale, substantially as set forth.
2.) In an anemometer having a wing to be deflected along a uniformly gradua-
ted scale by the air pressure, the casing constructed as and for the purpose
described.
3.) An improved anemometer. the whole constructed arranged and adapted
to operate substantially as described with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings.
Dated th: 1111 3
2
B. REICHHOLD.
International Patent Office, 24, Luisen Strasse, Berlin, N.W., Germany,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in and connected with Lint, Wadding and other Surgical Dressings.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 24th June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Lint, Wadding and other
Surgical Dressings.
We, CARL FRIEDRICH UTERMÜHLEN and THE NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP FABRIEK
VAN VERBANDSTOFFEN voorheen UTERMÜHLEN AND COMPANY, of 99, Weesperzyde,
Amsterdam, in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement; ---
The object of this invention is to pack small pices or leaflets of lint gauze
wadding medicated wool and similar surgical dressings in a compact and portable
form whereby the necessity of carrying large sheets of dressing unfolding or
unwinding and cutting the same is avoided and valuable time saved in rendering
first aid to the injured and in other cases.
Now according to this invention we take sheets of lint, wadding, gauze medicated
wool or other dressing and cut the same into pieces or leaflets of a convenient
size such as four and a half inches long by two and a half inches wide for example,
we then place a number of these leaflets one above the other taking care that
the edges of the various leaflets coincide and when the required number of leaflets
are piled up we place the pile in a suitable press and compress it to any required
thickness. The compressed leaflets are then packed in waxed paper or other
suitable airtight and damp proof material so that when required for use it is only
necessary to open the packet rub the edges of the compressed leaflets between the
fingers and detach as many leaflets as are required.
Two or more packets of compressed leaflets may be enclosed in a box or other
suitable receptacle.
By the above treatment we obtain a packet which is only one fourth or even less
in thickness than the original pile of leaflets, easily carried and yet allowing the
adhering leaflets to be readily detached one from the other. The packets or
packages of compressed leaflets are easily stored and handled and may be carried
in the pocket without inconvenience, for example surgeons soldiers cyclists
and others may carry one or more packets in an ordinary pocket and ambulance
corps and the like may carry a good supply of packages in a box attached to their
apparatus. Several packets may be enclosed in a box or other receptacle to form
a package.
The dressings may be medicated before cutting and pressing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. As a new article of manufacture surgical dressings consisting of leaflets or

page_text: pieces of lint wadding medicated wool gauze or the like compressed into pads
and enclosed in suitable receptacles substantially as and for the purpose stated.
2. Surgical dressings prepared and packed as hereinbefore specified.
Dated this 1st day of April 1899.
B. J. WILDBORE,
38, Great Tower Street, London, E.C., Agent for Applicants.
An Improved Spoon.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th July, 1899-Accepted, 26th Aug.. 1899
An Improved Spoon.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM GOLBY, of 36, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middle-
sex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by Helmuth Adami,
of Lüben, Silesia, Germany, Head Forester, retired, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a spoon, provided with a fixed or removeable project-
ing cover, for the purpose of screening the moustache and the lips.
Every one who wears a moustache, has hitherto, without doubt, found it a great
inconvenience, that in taking soup and the like, he often soils his moustache,
Many persons have kept a table napkin at hand, with which, if necessary, they
could remove anything objectionable, but it is certainly in no way pleasing
to the house-wife if the table linen often becomes soiled in this way. Moreover,
the spoons hitherto used have further disadvantages.
It is the object of this invention to obviate these disadvantages completely.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig.
represents a spoon with a fixed and Fig. 2 a spoon with a removeable protecting
cover in perspective.
The new spoon consists substantially of a spoon a, made in any ordinary form
as preferred, with protecting cover b. The latter may be attached firmly to the
spoon as in Fig. 1 or be removeably attached as in Figure 2 in such manner that,
by a simple pressure of the finger on the extension c of the protecting cover b,
the last named can be raised. When pressure on the extension c is released a
spring d acting thereon causes the protecting cover b to be pressed on to the
spoon again. This arrangement is suitably fastened to the spoon handle by
means of cheeks on the cover b secured in a bearing on the spoon handle by a
pivot screw e and a nut f which can be easily loosened for cleansing purposes.
A spoon of this kind affords very good protection against soiling of the mous-
tache and its disagreeable consequences and is of value in a hygienic sense, as the
lips and the teeth do not come into direct contact with the food.
Having, now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
nvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
A
spoon with a fixed or removeable protecting cover, which, when used, screens
he moustache and the lips substantially as described.
Dated this 25th day of Jul. 1000
Improvements in Steam Reducing Valves.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Reducing Valves.
We, PAUL FRANZ and HUGO SAUER, Procurists of the Firm of C. W. Julius
Blancke and Company, Maschinenfabrik, Merseburg, in the Empire of Germany,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
-->
This invention for improvements in steam reducing valves relates to a device
applied to steam-pressure reducers, having a piston fixed to the conical reducing
valve, and a regulating valve arranged behind the piston, by means of which
contrivance any counterbalancing of pressure in the high pressure chamber and
the low pressure chamber is prevented, the effect of the device being rather to
keep the pressure in the low pressure chamber constantly the same.
The form and arrangement of the invention are explained in the following
description, with the assistance of the accompanying drawing, in which,
Fig. is a vertical section of the steam-reducing valve, and Fig. 2 a similar
section of the same, as open.
The reducing valve, the passage o in which is freed by the action of the steam
entering behind the piston loosely fitted into the cylinder-like space and con-
nected with the cone k. and the difference of pressure in which between full
pressure and reduced pressure can be adjusted by means of a regulating valve e
arranged behind the piston g. is fitted with a branch pipe, through which the
steam passing the opening is conveyed into the open air, as soon as the pressure
of the steam in the space r behind the piston is greater than the adjusted
pressure, so that, when the valve-opening o is closed, no steam can reach the low
pressure space and thus no counterbalancing of pressure in the spaces and can
occur.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
A device applied to steam-reducing valves, with a conical valve k attached to
the piston g, and an adjustable regulating valve, the distinguishing feature of
which is that, for the purpose of preventing any counterbalancing of pressure in
the full-pressure chamber and the reduced pressure chamber t, a pipe m is
arranged that branches off from the regulating valve, and by means of which
pipe the steam overcoming the adjusted pressure of the regulating valve is
carried off into the open air.
Date 11: 0011 1
.
1000
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C. Agents.
The Manufacture of Lithographic Print Opaline Pictures.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 28th Oct., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of Lithographic Print Opaline Pictures.
We, BROWN & RAWCLIFFE LIMITED, and RICHARD HASTE BROWN, both of
Exchange Works, Pall Mall, in the City of Liverpool, Lithographic Printers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement: -
This invention has for its object the extension of the opaline process to litho-
graphic prints.
Hitherto it has been supposed that the opaline process is only applicable for
photography. We have discovered that with lithographic prints in which the
ink or colours are insoluble in water and gelatine, a slight modification of the
opaline process works extremely well.
We make a solution in the proportion of about one ounce of gelatine to two
pints of water, and steep the print in or well coat it with this solution, taking
care not to tear the same. It is then carefully floated on to a sheet of glass
placed in such position that the printed side comes next the glass. It is taken
out on the glass, the excess of liquor drained off and it is rolled firmly with an
india rubber roller. This squeezes out all air bubbles and the surplus gelatine
solution, and spreads the print out on the surface of the glass. It is now allowed
to dry and mounted in a frame in the usual manner. The glass is preferably cut
or rounded on the edge and projects from the frame. In this way it looks as if
the print was printed on or in the glass itself.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The manufacture of lithographic print opalines by soaking a print in or
well coating it with the required solution, spreading it on the glass plate face
side next the glass, separating the surplus liquor and drying it, substantially as
described.
Dated the 14th day of September 1899.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to Paper Bags or Containers.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Paper Bags or Containers.
I, THEODOR SCHMITZ, Merchant, of Soest, in Westphalia, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to a paper bag or container provided with an
easily removable voucher, the presentation or return of which voucher to the firm
who used the bag for packing the goods will ensure some allowance or advantage.
The bag is formed wholly or in part of a double thickness of material on the
outer of which the voucher is printed or affixed.
Inasmuch as through the separation of the voucher, only a small opening is
produced in the outer shell of the bag the voucher can be removed if desired while
the contents are still in the bag, and the bag after being emptied may still serve for
packing other articles or goods.
The accompanying drawing represents in perspective such a bag with its dis-
tinctive feature.
At one
On the outer shell a a voucher is printed or attached, said shell being provided
with perforations 6 round the voucher, so that it can be easily removed.
side, the voucher or shell is provided with a slit c, for the insertion of a finger, to
facilitate the removal of the voucher by tearing it off along the perforations.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A paper bag or container of double thickness wholly or in part provided with
a voucher on the outer shell which is perforated round the voucher and provided
preferably with a slit for the insertion of a finger for the purpose of removing the
voucher substantially as described.
Improvement in Lathe Beds.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1899-Accepted, 10th June, 1899
Improvement in Lathe Beds.
ROBERT LANG and WILLIAM BIGGAR LANG, of the Firm of John Lang & Sons,
Lathe Manufacturers and Special Machine Tool-Makers, Mary Street, Johnstone,
near Glasgow, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement: -
The object of this invention is to provide a lathe bed or beds which will allow
of the saddle being guided so as to be less liable to twist when being made to
travel along bed.
Fig. 1 is a section of a bed, showing saddle not in section, such as would be
used on a surfacing and boring lathe without a loose head.
Fig. 2 is a section of a bed, showing saddle and loose head not in section such
as would be used on an ordinary lathe for sliding or screw-cutting.
At one
Referring to Fig. 1 A is the bed. B is the saddle. The usual manner of
guiding a saddle while moving along the bed is by bearings at E and C.
side a wedge is placed ennabling the operator to adjust the fit of the saddle on bed
and to take up any wear which takes place. We have here taken away the
bearing at C and put it at D leaving only a bearing at C for resisting any upward
strain which might come on saddle. Thus the adjustment is now made between E
and D. It will be obvious that if we keep the saddle as long as before and make
the adjustable part much less in breadth there will be far less possibility of twist
on the saddle when being fed along bed.
Besides when adjustment was made between C and E it was a comparatively
easy thing to strain the bed by compressing the two faces inward. There can
be no compressing of the bed when adjustment is made between E and D. In
the foregoing there is no provision for a loose head as such is not usually required
for this type of lathe. In Fig. 2 however we have a bed suitable for an ordinary
self-acting sliding and screw-cutting lathe. On this a loose head is invariably
used and the design is therefore made to suit. Referring to Fig. 2 H is a section
of bed. I is an end view of saddle. J is an end view of a loosehead shown in
position. The drawing shows clearly how the loose head able to pass between
the tails of saddle to allow of short work being turned.
The adjustment of saddle is made between K and L instead of the usual way
between K and M.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and
in what manner it is to be performed we declare that what we claim is:-
To provide a lathe bed which will allow of the saddle being guided so as to
be less liable to twist when being made to travel along bed.
Dated this 5th day of May 1899
Shutters for Photographic Plate-holders.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 9th Dec., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Shutters for Photographic Plate-holders.
A communication from NORRIS BULL, of 470, Powers Block, in the City of
Rochester, County of Monroe and State of New York, United States of
America, Attorney-at-law.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved shutter for photographic plate holders
adapted to exclude the light from the interior when the exposing slide is
withdrawn more perfectly than has been done heretofore.
This improved light-excluding shutter is represented in the accompanying
drawings, in which;
Fig. 1 represents the shutter detached.
Fig. 2 is a partial transverse section of the plate holder showing the shutter
and the exposing slide.
This improved shutter is formed of flexible india-rubber, and consists of the
two yielding ribs A A, united together by the base B, which is inserted in
a suitable recess 1) in the frame E of the plate-holder, in such manner that
the strips bear against the slide F, or when that is withdrawn, spring outwards
and make contact with the cap or cover G to the recess, and thereby exclude
the entrance of light. It will be observed that when the edge of the slide is
passing through the recess both shutters can not be open at the same time.
This invention is applicable to any size or style of plate-holder, either single
or double, and it effectually prevents fogging of the plates H, as frequently
happens with the shutters now in use. This improved shutter is preferably
made of a length somewhat greater than the width of the slide.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, an communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
-
The herein-described flexible double shutter for photographic plate-holders,
as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1899.
Improvements in Furniture Castors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Furniture Castors.
I, OPTO CHRISTOPHERSEN, of Horten, in the Kingdom of Norway, Solicitor,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
-
This invention relates to improvements in furniture castors of the kind in.
which a large ball (hereinafter termed the rolling ball) by means of interposed
smaller balls rotates in a socket or casing secured to the leg of a chair or other
piece of furniture. In this improved construction, instead of having a number
of small balls moving together in a common chamber in contact with one another
as in ordinary ball bearings, a single ball is lodged in a corresponding excava-
tion at the top of the said socket or casing, and above the rolling ball, and a
polished ring is fitted inside the casing about at the middle of the rolling ball in
order to make the said rolling ball run more easily than is the case with such
castors having ordinary ball bearings.
The invention is illustrated on the appended drawing in which Figure 1
shows a vertical section of the improved castor, Figure shows the same in.
elevation, Figure 3 shows the same in plan from below, and Figure 4 shows
a vertical section of a modification.
The improved furniture castor according to the present invention consists
of the rolling ball a, enclosed in a socket or casing b. At the top of the said
casing a smaller ball c is lodged in an excavation formed in the top of the said
casting in such a manner that the ball is kept in position as shown.
The case is further provided with a polished steel ring at about the middle
of the rolling ball, the object of the ring being to reduce the friction of the
rolling ball against the wall of the casing.
This ring may be soldered in the position shown in Figure 1. Or a groove
shown in Figure 4 may be made in the casing into which the ring may be
slipped or sprung and by which it may be retained in position.
When the ring is slipped or sprung into a groove it is cut across at one part
to allow of its being compressed to reduce its diameter before it is slipped or
sprung into the groove.
The cape of the casing b may be secured by bayonet joints as shown in
Figure 2 or the cap and the casing may be threaded at f Figure 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-:
1. In a furniture castor the combination of a rolling ball, a smaller ball, a
ring and a casing substantially as set forth.
2. The arrangement of parts substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 28th day of December 1899.
J. G. LORRAIN, M.I.Mech. E., M.I.E.E.,.
Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent.
Consolidated Charges for Gazogenes and Seltzogenes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Consolidated Charges for Gazogenes and Seltzogenes.
SIDNEY BROWN, 31, Caffyn Street, Lambeth, S.E., Manufacturing Perfumer
and Chemist and Druggist and Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The invention consists of the admixture of tartaric or other acid with bi car-
bonate of soda in atomic proportions and, forming them into a solid tablet of
globular, spherical, cube or lozenge form by pressure.
The advantages claimed are impossibility of error in admixture, convenience,
cleanliness, eveness of carbonic acid gas production and consequent immunity from
accidental explosion or bursting of receptacle and improved facilities for the
production of the carbonic acid gas required.
SIDNEY BROWN, 31, Caffyn Street, Lambeth, London, S.E., Manufacturing
Perfumer and Chemist, and Druggist and Merchant, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention consists of the admixture of tartaric or other acid with bi-car-
bonate of soda in atomic proportions and forming them into a solid tablet of
globular spherical cube or lozenge form by great pressure.
The process of manufacturing the consolidated charges for gasogenes and
seltzogenes is effected by compressing in a metal die or series of metal dies
(according to the number of tablets desired to be produced at one operation) by
hydraulic, percussive, or other mechanical pressure, the materials necessary to
produce a powerful effervescent-i.e. carbonic acid gas, but at such an even rate
of carbonic gas production as not to unduly strain the resisting capacity of the
gas generating chamber of a gasogene or seltzogene.
This evenness of gas production is obtained to perfection by the absolute
admixture and consolidation by pressure, of tartaric or other crystalline acids
with bi carbonate of soda by their forcible compression in metal dies and by the
before mentioned mechanical means. In dise or tablet form prefferably of about
one inch diameter

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Admixture and consolidation of the materials hitherto only used in separate
powder form for the generation of carbonic acid gas in gasogenes and seltzogenes, E
into consolidated tablets, each tablet containing tartaric or other crystaline acid
and bi carbonate of soda in the proportions necessary for the purpose.
Dated this 4th day of October 1899
Improvements in Electrodes for Batteries
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1899-Accepted, 17th June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrodes for Batteries,
I, GUSTAVOS HEIDEL, Mechanic, of 3923, Delmar Avenue, St. Louis, in the
State of Missouri, one of the United States of North America, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to battery electrodes, and consists in the use of an electrode
negative of grate form composed of aluminum in conjunction with an electrode
positive of any suitable material such as is commonly used for an electrode
positive.
The drawing is a view in perspective illustrating a pair of electrodes constructed
in accordance with my invention.
1 designates the electrode positive which may be of lead, carbon, or other
suitable material commonly made use of in the production of electrode positives
for use in storage or other electric batteries. The electrode 1 may be of corrugated
shape as shown in the drawings, or may be of any other desirable shape.
The
2 designates the electrode negative, which is constructed of grate form through-
out the extent of its body portion by dividing it up into cells 3, and the entire
electrode is composed of aluminum. In the use of aluminum as a material for an
electrode negative, I have discovered that it is essential to afford the greatest
possible amount of exposed surface for the action of chemicals thereupon in order
to attain efficient results in the use of an electrode of this character.
production of an electrode of grate form with the cells located throughout the
extent thereof enables the attainment of the greatest possible amount of exposed
surface, and thereby renders the electrode servicable where such electrode of
another shape made from aluminum would be valueless in comparison, owing to
lack of sufficient exposure to the action of chemicals being obtainable. Material
advantages lie in the use of aluminum in the production and use of battery
electrodes in that the electrodes are much lighter in weight than electrodes of other
material such as is used for electrode negatives, a very important feature in
connection with the use of storage batteries upon vehicles where it is quite
desirable to obtain a minimum of weight in all parts carried by the vehicle.
Another advantage in the use of aluminum lies in the fact that aluminum is
decomposed very slowly by the action of the battery chemicals thereupon, and
therefore the life of an electrode composed of aluminum alone, without the
addition of any other active material is much greater than that of other forms of
electrodes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
nvention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
[ claim is:
1. An electrode negative of grate form composed of aluminum.
2. An electrode negative of grate form composed of aluminum, used in con-
unction with an electrode positive of corrugated form.
Improvements in Hand Brakes for Railway Wagons and similar Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 3rd Mar., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hand Brakes for Railway Wagons and similar
Vehicles.
HERBERT GEORGE UNSWORTHI, of 66, Mansel Terrace, Swansea, Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:.
The object of the invention is to provide a hand brake which can be operated
with equal facility from either side of a wagon, both in regard to putting on
or taking off of the brake, in performing its functions. The invention consists of
providing the usual single pair of brake blocks which are operated by a transverse
shaft and levers which are suspended in the ordinary way under the wagon. The
outer ends of the said shaft are provided with hand levers which
fixed rack.
when put into operation engage in notches in a
levers are set to have a spring action away from the said racks, but
are pressed into the same when put on in working. The levers may be made with
a spring and joint at right angles to the spring motion of the hand-lever. The
action of the arrangement is that either side hand-lever may be put into position
in the racks. or may be allowed to spring out of the locked position by simply
depressing either lever. The levers may be overbalanced to return to brake-off
position.
Dated this 27th day of April 1899.
The
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hand Brakes for Railway Wagons and similar
Vehicles.
I, HERBERT GEORGE UNSWORTH, of 66, Mansel Terrace, Swansea, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a hand-brake which can be operated
with equal facility from either side of a wagon or similar vehicle, both in regard to
the putting on and to the taking off of the brake.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying illustrative drawings are respectively a side
elevation and a plan of the lower portion of a railway wagon provided with a hand-
brake according to this invention, and Fig. 3 is a partial cross-section thereof to a
larger scale.
The vehicle is provided, as usual, with a single pair of brake blocks 1, which are
suspended in the ordinary way from the underframe 2 of the vehicle and are
operated by a transverse rock shaft 3 and lever arms 4. On the ends of the shaft 3
are fixed hand-levers 5, which, when put into operation, are made to engage in
notches in fixed racks 6. The levers 5 are set to have a spring action such as tends
to move them away from the racks 6. and one or each of them is pressed into
engagement with its rack against such spring action when the brake is put on. In
Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Buoyant or Insubmergible Vessels.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1899 -Accepted, 24th June, 1899
Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Buoyant or
Insubmergible Vessels.
A communication from LOUIS DOLONE, of 19, Rue du Poids de la Farine, Mar-
seilles, in the Republic of France, Manufacturer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
-
The present invention relates to the construction of boats or vessels by covering
them with cork or like buoyant material for the purpose of rendering them insub-
mergible in case of accident. This covering may extend to the lining with cork
of all or part of the internal parts of the vessel so as to form buoyant wreckage
in cases of collision, grounding or striking on rocks.
In the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1 shows diagrammatically a partial section of the hull of a vessel, pro-
vided with cork lining; and
Figures 2 and 3 are separate views showing the manner of fastening the cork
bands together.
a indicates the inner line of a ship's hull, b is a secondary sheathing following
approximately the lines of the principal hull, between which the cork blocks
are arranged.
These blocks are made of plates d arranged and secured together in a regular
manner by wooden rivets g as shown in Figure 2. These plates may simply be
laid one on another so as to form blocks of rectangular sections; or as shown
in Figure 3 they may be made in blocks so as to overlap each other in both
directions when put together to ensure greater solidity of construction.
They are preferably arranged as shown in the drawing, over the whole surface
of the hull, the dimensions of each set of plates, varying according to require-
ments.
The blocks are secured to the shell of the vessel by bolts f.
All the interior partitions or compartments and floors of the vessel may also
be lined in the way described so as to act as isolated floats in case of the vessel
being wrecked.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. Means for rendering vessels insubmergible consisting of plates of cork or
like buoyant strips secured to one another by rivets, said plates being placed round
the hull of the vessel, and covered by an outer sheathing secured to the first by
bolts passing through the buoyant plates, substantially as described.

page_text: 2. An insubmergible vessel substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Improvements in Safety Matches.
Year: 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Safety Matches.
CHARLES ALDRIDGE, Oilman, 167, Edgeware Road, London, W., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
and
invention
my
My invention has for its object to enable so-called "safety matches," that is
to say matches which are tipped with a substance which will only ignite when
applied to a specially prepared surface, to be struck at either end indifferently,
consists in dipping both ends of the wood stem,
or splint in the ignitible composition instead
of one of the ends
only so as to provide a double headed match, either end of which may be ignited,
or if the stem is only partially consumed, one end may be struck after the other
so as to combine economy with convenience.
The match is made by dipping the ends of the stem or splint in the ignitible
composition in the usual manner. It should however be clearly understood that
my invention is limited to "safety" matches and excludes common or ordinary
matches which, being tipped with matter containing phosphorus could not in
practice be made double headed, because in grasping such a match to strike one
end, before either end had been ignited, the hand would be liable to be damaged
by the phosphorus on the other end. Moreover the danger of ordinary matches,
which are ignitible by friction only and require no special surface for that pur-
pose, would be increased were they made double headed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
A safety match consisting of a wooden stem or splint tipped with an ignitible
composition at both ends.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.