Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Oct., 1896-Accepted, 12th Dec., 1896
I, NICOLAUS JOACHIM CHRISTIAN WISCH, Machinist, residing at Altona
near Hamburg, Grosse Freiheit 77, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
With respect to the present invention explosion-motors are understood to be gas,
benzine and petroleum-motors.
The invention itself is based on the fact that after the explosion has taken place
and the driving-piston has been pressed forward, the exploded gases, by keeping
the escape-valve closed, offer an elastic resistance to the returning piston, pushing
it backwards without allowing of its completing its run; whereby the crank before
having arrived at its dead point and, together with it, the fly-wheel are impelled
in the contrary direction, liberating at the same time the escape-valve, the operation
beginning thereupon anew in the known manner.
The escape-valve (a) see Figure 1 of the adjoined explanatory drawings is kept
closed by the exploded gases, and in due time lifted and opened by the to and fro
movement of the connecting-rod (b).
The connecting-rod (6) is moved according to the operating direction of the
driving-piston, alternatively by the eccentrics (d 1) and (d2) connected with the
crank-shaft (c) fitted at an angle of 180° one to another and at an angle of 90° to
the crank (c) of the operating driving-piston. Both eccentrics form a connecting-
link in the ordinary way, united by the loop (f) the whole being reversable in the
customary manner.
The arrow in Fig. 1 shows the rotatory direction supposed to be given to the
crank (e). The eccentric (d 1) is in an advance by 90° of the crank, lifting in its
final position as shown in Fig. 2, by means of the connecting-rod (b) the valve (a)
whereupon the escape of the gases takes place, but at the same time a lever (g)
connected with the connecting-rod (b) and rotatory in (A) is held fast by the
tappets (i 1) and (i 2) and pressed with its head against the spring (1). On the
eccentrics revolving beyond its highest point, that is to say during the initial
period, the connecting-rod (b) is moved backwards, and detaches itself from the
valve (a). The spring (1) trowing the prog (g) whose slide (m) is secured by a
peg () of the connecting-rod (b) together with the latter, from out the straight
direction into the position of Fig. 3. The joint (o), allows of this limited movement.
At the next rising period, the compression period, the connecting-rod (b) as Fig. 4
shows, will not touch the valve (a) but the tappets (i 3) and (4) cause the
lever (y) to place itself against the spring (p) so that on going backwards the
energy of this spring will put the lever (p) and, simultaneously by means of
the peg (n) being in friction with the slide (m), the connecting-rod (6) again into
position Fig. 1, whereupon the same play begins anew. In conformity with the
4 stroke cycle movement of the motor the escape-valve will consequently be opened
at each second travel of the piston.
Now, if the revolution in the contrary direction is required, the connecting-
link () is thrown round, in whatever period, the other eccentric being in opposite
position, taking charge of opening the valve, likewise passing over one travel of
the connecting-rod (b), for as shown in Fig. 5 the position of the connecting-rod (b)
from Fig. 1 by the eccentric (d 2) has reached its highest point, without having

page_text: participated therein the rotation and the travel of the driving piston. The living
energy of the fly-wheel of such like machines will then cause the direction of the
movement to continue for some time; in this case in the direction of the arrow 1.
But as now the eccentric (d2) is behindhand with the crank (e) as shown in Fig. 5
it is evident that the now retroceding driving-piston finds the exhaust valve (a) closed,
so that it will not be able to complete its travel because of the exploded gases thus
offering an elastic resistance, but that, by the elasticity of the exploded gases, the
piston and, together with it, the fly-wheel and the driving-shaft, will, on the
contrary, be forced into the rotatory direction of arrow 2.
During this rotatory direction as shown by arrow 2 the eccentric (d2) precedes
again the piston (e) the travels of the connecting-rod (6) taking place in the regular
way as described.
A new reversion of the rotatory movement in the direction of arrow 1 is obtained
exactly in the manner described."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
A reversing gear to be applied to 4 stroke cycle gas-motors of every kind, the
particular feature of which is constituted by two eccentrics combined into a joint
and forming an angle of 90° with the driving-piston, of which, the one being
beforehand, with alternatively reverse a connecting-rod (b) in such a way, by
means of a lever (9) and its tappets (1) and (3), striking upon a guide, as to
cause it to open the escape-valve (a) at every second travel, corresponding to the
4 stroke cycle so that, on reversing the joint and whilst the straight movement is
still continuing the second eccentric now entering into action, is in the beginning
in behind-hand with the piston, the exhaust-valve remaining consequently closed,
until the exploded gases exercising a counter-pressure on the piston, push it
backwards before completing its travel thus changing the direction of the
movement and causing the second eccentric to become the beforehand one.
Dated, Altona, 5th of October 1896.
NICOLAUS JOACHIM CHRISTIAN WISCH,
By Carl O. Lange,
Agent for Applicant.