Year: 1898

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by THE INGERSOLL SERGEANT DRILL COMPANY, a
corporation organized under the laws of the State of West Virginia, United
States of America, and having its principal business office at No. 26, Cort-
landt Street, in the City of New York, in the State of New York, United
States of America.]
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows;-
-
This invention relates to what are known as compound compressors in which
the air compressed in one cylinder is transferred to a second cylinder in which it
is further compressed. The object of the invention is to simplify the construction
of such compressors.
I will now describe the construction and operation of a compressor embodying
this invention.
The improved apparatus comprises two cylinders of unequal calibre constituting
respectively the high and low pressure cylinders, arranged end to end in line
with each other and fitted respectively with pistons, the said cylinders being
open to each other at their adjacent ends.
The smaller or high pressure piston is attached fixedly to the rod which also
carries the larger or low pressure piston and may be a simple prolongation of
the said rod in the form of a plunger and having around its end a packing of
any suitable kind fitting the high pressure cylinder. The low pressure piston is
fitted loosely to the exterior of the rod or high pressure piston so that the latter
may have a limited movement lengthwise independently of the former as and for
the purpose to be presently described.
The outer end of the low pressure cylinder is fitted with a head in which is a
stuffing box through which passes the rod to which motion may be imparted by
any suitable means as for example by a crank on a shaft driven by any suitable
motor. The outer end of the high pressure cylinder is fitted with a head which
constitutes a box for two valves which will be presently described.
Close to its head the low pressure cylinder is furnished with an outwardly
opening valve of any suitable kind which opens and closes communication
through a pipe or any suitable conduit between the outer ends of the low pressure
cylinder and the high pressure cylinder. At the inner end of the said low pres-
sure-cylinder adjacent to the high pressure cylinder, is the inlet pipe through.
which the air to be compressed enters the compressor.

page_text: From the cylinder head or valve box of the high pressure cylinder the delivery
pipe for the finally compressed air may lead to any receiver or to a second com-
pressor of the same or any other suitable kind to be further compressed.
The valve herein before referred to in said head or box is arranged between the
communicating pipe and the high pressure cylinder and opens towards said
cylinder. The second valve in the said valve box opens from the high pressure
cylinder towards the delivery pipe.
The cylinders may be arranged in a tank through which a constant circulation
of cold water is kept up but any provision may be made for the circulation of
water around them for the purpose of keeping them cool.
It has been hereinbefore mentioned that the low pressure piston is so fitted to
the rod or plunger which constitutes the high pressure piston that the latter may
have an independent movement. The said low pressure piston may be so fitted
on the plunger itself. The object of this independent movement is the opening
and closing of communication through the low pressure piston between the portion
of the low pressure cylinder on one side of the said piston and the portion on the
other side. This opening and closing is effected by a valve which is affixed to
the high pressure piston and the low pressure piston rod and may be a solid collar
formed upon and integral with said piston and rod, the said valve closing against
an annular seat formed around a central opening in that side of the low pressure
piston which is towards the outer end of the cylinder. From this seat passages
are provided through the said piston toward the other end of said cylinder.
Opposite the valve seat there is provided within the said piston a shoulder which
serves as a stop to the back of the valve to properly limit its movement within
the piston. The said piston may be otherwise constructed and packed in any
known or suitable manner which is not necessary to be herein described. The
remaining valves hereinbefore referred to may be of any suitable kind and pro-
vided with closing springs.
The operation is as follows: Motion on being given to the low pressure piston
and the high pressure piston the valves fixed thereto moving with them and
working between its seat and the shoulder serves as a driver to communicate
motion to the low pressure piston but that piston being registered by its friction
in the cylinder remains stationary at the commencement of the stroke of the high
pressure piston in either direction while the valve moves from its seat to the stop
or vice versa and so opens or closes the passages through the low pressure piston.
I will first suppose the high pressure piston to commence its movement to the
right the valve on the piston rods which was closed during the stroke in the
opposite direction immediately opens, the low pressure piston remaining stationary
until the back of the valve arrives at the stop when the valve carries the low
pressure piston along with the high pressure piston. Air now enters the cylinder
by the pipe and flows freely through the passages of the low pressure piston filling
the cylinder but no compression taking place in the latter. On the return stroke
the high pressure piston will move along until it brings the valve to its seat,
closing it and taking the low pressure piston along with it. The air now in the
low pressure cylinder is compressed and on its reaching a certain tension. it opens
the valve, passes through the conduit and enters the high pressure cylinder through
the lower valve, the upper valve being closed. When the pistons again move
to the right, as first described, while the low pressure cylinder again fills with
air, the air which has been previously compressed therein and forced into the
high pressure cylinder is further compressed in the latter, closing the lower valve
and opening the upper valve and passing to the delivery pipe.
Noted this 26th day of Al 1908
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to what are known as compound compressors in which
the air compressed in one cylinder is transferred to a second cylinder in which it
is further compressed. The object of the invention is to simplify the construction
of such compressors.
I will now describe the construction and operation of a compressor embodying
this invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing, and afterwards point
out its novelty in the claims.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal elevation partly in section of a compressor
embodying my invention which will be described as an air compressor.
Figure 2 represents an axial section of the low pressure piston and a side view
of the high pressure piston and its rod and a valve attached thereto for controlling
the passage of air through the low pressure piston, representing the parts in
positions differing from those shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a view of the parts shown in Figure 2 as viewed from the right of
that figure.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
The improved apparatus comprises two cylinders B and A of unequal calibre
constituting respectively the high and low pressure cylinders, arranged end to end
in line with each other and fitted respectively with pistons B and A¹. These
cylinders are open to each other at their adjacent ends.
The smaller or high pressure piston B₁ is attached fixedly to the rod C which
also carries the larger or low pressure piston A¹ and is represented as a simple
prolongation of the said rod in the form of a plunger having round its end a
packing a of any suitable kind fitting the high pressure cylinder D. The low
pressure piston A¹ is fitted loosely to the exterior of the rod or high pressure
piston B so that the latter may have a limited movement lengthwise independently
of the former as and for the purpose to be presently described.
The outer end of the low pressure cylinder A is fitted with a head A² in which
is a stuffing box 6 through which passes the rod C to which motion may be im-
parted by any suitable means as for example by a crank c, on a shaft d driven.
by any suitable motor. The outer end of the high pressure cylinder B¹ is fitted
with a head B2 which constitutes a box for two halves e f which will be presently
described.
Close to the head A2 the low pressure cylinder A is furnished with an out-
wardly opening valve g of any suitable kind which opens and closes communica-
tion through a pipe b or any suitable conduit between the outer ends of the low
At the inner end of the
pressure cylinder A and the high pressure cylinder B.
said low pressure cylinder A adjacent to the high pressure cylinder B, is the inlet
pipe i, through which the air to be compressed enters the compressor.
From the cylinder head or valve box of the high pressure cylinder B² the
delivery pipe for the finally compressed air may lead to any receiver or to a
second compressor of the same or any other suitable kind to be further com-
pressed. The valve e hereinbefore referred to in said head or box B2, is arranged
between the communication pipe h and the high pressure cylinder B and opens
towards said cylinder. The valve f herein before referred to opens from the high
pressure cylinder B towards the delivery pipe j.

page_text: The cylinders A B are represented as arranged in a tank E through which a
constant circulation of cold water is maintained but any provision may be made
for the circulation of water around them for the purpose of keeping them cool.
formed
It has been herein before mentioned that the low pressure piston A¹ is so fitted
to the rod or plunger B¹ which constitutes the high pressure piston that the latter
may have an independent movement. The said low pressure piston A¹ is repre-
sented as so fitted on the plunger itself. The object of this independent movement
is the opening and closing of communication through the low pressure piston A
between the portion of the low pressure cylinder on one side of the said piston
and the portion on the other side. This opening and closing is effected by a
valve which is affixed to the high pressure piston B and rod C and is repre-
sented as a solid collar formed upon and integral with said piston
and rod, the said valve closing against an annular seat
around a central opening in that side of the piston A¹ which is towards the
outer end of the cylinder A. From this seat passages m m are provided through
the said piston A¹ toward the other end of said cylinder. Opposite the valve
seat there is provided within the said piston a shoulder which serves as a stop
to the back of the valve to properly limit its movemnt within the piston A¹. The
piston A may be otherwise constructed and packed in any known or suitable
manner which it is not necessary to here describe. The valves e f g herein before
referred to may be of any suitable kind, and provided, as represented, with closing
springs.
The operation is as follows: Motion being given to the rod C and the piston B',
the valve D fixed thereto moving with them and working between its seat l
and the shoulder l¹ serves as a driver to communicate motion to the low pressure
piston but that piston being restrained by its friction in the cylinder A, remains
stationary at the commencement of the stroke of the high pressure piston B in
either direction while the valve moves from its seat to the stop n or vice versa and
so opens or closes the passages m through the low pressure piston A¹.
I will first suppose the high pressure piston 131 to commence its movement to the
right as indicated by the arrow in Figure 1, the valve D which was closed during
the stroke in the opposite direction immediately opens; the low pressure pis-
ton A remaining stationary until the back of the valve arrives at the stop n
when the valve carries the low pressure piston A along with the high pressure
piston B. Air now enters the cylinder by the pipe i and flows freely through
the passages m of the low pressure piston A¹ filling the cylinder but no compres-
sion taking place in the latter. On the return stroke the high pressure piston. B
will move alone until it brings the valve to its seat as shown in Figure 2, closing
it and taking the low pressure piston A¹ along with it. The air now in the low
pressure cylinder A is compressed and on its reaching a certain pressure it opens
the valve g, passes through the conduit h and enters the high pressure cylinder B
through the lower valve e, the upper valve f being closed. When the pistons again
move to the right, as first described, while the low pressure cylinder A again fills
with air, the air which had been previously compressed therein and forced into
the high pressure cylinder B, is further compressed in the latter, closing the
lower valve e and opening the upper valve f and passing to the delivery pipe,
all as illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is;-
1. In a compressor, the combination with two compression cylinders and corre-
sponding pistons of unequal calibre arranged in line, of a valve affixed to the
smaller piston for opening and closing passages through the larger one by a limited
movement of the smaller one relatively to the larger one, substantially as herein
described.
2. In a compound compressor, the combination with two compression cylinders
of unequal calibre arranged in line with each other, of two pistons on one rod fitted

page_text: to said cylinders respectively, the piston of smaller calibre being affixed to the
said rod, and the piston of larger calibre having passages through it and con-
taining a valve seat and being so attached to the smaller piston as to permit an
independent movement of the one relatively to the other, à valve affixed to said
rod and smaller piston adapted to said valve seat for opening and closing the
passages through the larger piston by the movement of the smaller one, sub-
stantially as herein. described.
3. The combination with the low pressure piston having passages through it
and containing a valve seat and a stop facing said seat; of the high pressure piston
passing freely through said low pressure piston and having affixed to it a valve
located between said seat and stop and serving to open and close said passages
and also to transmit motion from the high pressure piston in opposite directions
to the low pressure piston, substantially as herein described.
Dated this 3rd day of Decomhor 1900
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.