Polishing Metals and other Substances.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 14th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 20th Dec., 1887
Polishing Metals and other Substances.
We JOSEPH HAMPTON of King's Hill Wednesbury in the County of Stafford
Tool Manufacturer and SAMUEL PARTRIDGE of Croft House Darlaston in the County
of Stafford Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
The said invention has reference to machinery for which Letters Patent were
granted to us dated the 2nd day of February 1886 No. 1558 and consists of the
improvements in or additions to the said patented machinery hereinafter described.
By the said improvements or additions the operations of the said machinery are
expedited and great precision and uniformity are secured in the work effected by it.
The said machinery is especially applicable to the grinding and polishing of the
sides of hexagonal or other polygonal screw nuts and the sides of the hexagonal or
other polygonal heads of screw bolts and the present invention has special reference
to the mandril or rod by which the said screw nuts are supported while being operated
upon by the said machinery and to the carrier by which the screw bolts are supported
while being operated upon by the said machinery.
The roughly formed screw nuts to be operated upon are strung upon a rod or
mandril and clamped thereon by a screw nut or nuts before being operated upon by
the grinding or polishing machinery a number of the said screw nuts being operated
upon simultaneously. In order to arrange the roughly formed screw nuts sym-
metrically on the rod or mandril that is to bring and fix one face of each nut into the
same or parallel planes during the grinding or polishing process the said nuts are
strung upon the rod or guide and according to the patented invention hereinbefore
referred to were pressed on an angular gauge by which the several faces about to be
operated upon simultaneously were brought approximately into the same plane.
According to the present invention we adjust the screw nuts on the rod or mandril
in the following manner. The said nuts having been placed on the rod or mandril
they are first roughly adjusted by being pressed on a flat surface. Their accurate
adjustment is effected by means of a machine or apparatus consisting of a horizontal
base having in it a series of recesses equal in number and in distance apart to the

page_text: number and thickness of the screw nuts to be operated upon. In each of these
recesses is a bearing block pressed upwards by a spring. The rod or mandril with
the roughly adjusted screw nuts upon it is placed upon rests on the base of the said
apparatus the front end or end at which the nuts are passed on the said rod or
mandril being guided to its seat by inclines and the rear or handle end is clamped
down by a screw clamp. The front end bears against a stop. By the screwing
down of the rod or mandril the bearing blocks are depressed but their springs cause
them to press on the faces of the nuts respectively over them and to bring all the
said faces into a true horizontal position. In this way the faces to be operated upon
are brought into the required positions that is into the same or parallel planes
although the said nuts may vary considerably in size. After the nuts have been thus
adjusted they are fixed in position by the clamping nut or nuts referred to. In order
to prevent any flexure or distortion in the rod or mandril carrying the clamped nuts
while their faces are being operated upon by the grinding or polishing machinery the
carrier in which the rod or mandril carrying the screw nuts is supported and fixed is
furnished with two horizontal clamping and supporting jaws. The back ends of these
clamping jaws are jointed to the back bar of the carrier and their inner and free ends
work in slots in the front bar of the carrier. The clamping jaws are capable of
separating from or of approaching one another and when in their parallel position
they are fixed by binding screws bearing upon their free ends. On the opposite
vertical faces of the clamping jaws three (or more) horizontal supports are fixed the
supports on one jaw being situated opposite those on the other jaw. The acting ends
of the supports are angular. Between the pairs of horizontal supports described the
rod or mandril is firmly held and supported at several points and all flexure or dis-
tortion in it prevented during the action of the machine upon the screw nuts carried
by it.
At the several parts of the rod or mandril where the pairs of supports grip it
are collars for the angular ends of the supports to embrace.
The carrier by which we support screw bolts while their hexagonal or angular
heads are being operated upon by the grinding or polishing machinery is constructed
as follows-To one of the inner sides of the clamp frame a tubular socket is fixed in
the said socket is a hollow rod or mandril having at its outer end the notched disc in
which the spring lever for fixing the position of the said rod or mandril engages.
In this hollow mandril is a clamp solid at its rear end and split at its front end. The
said clamp tapers towards its rear end so that when it is drawn in the hollow mandril
its front split end is closed and a screw bolt inserted in the said clamp is tightly
gripped. The drawing of the hollow mandril is effected by the action of a screw nut
turned by a winch the said screw nut taking on a screw at the end of the clamp.
The said clamp is prevented from turning by a pin and slot:
The action of the parts is as follows:-The screw being relaxed by its winch the
clamp advances out of the hollow mandril and its split front end opens. The body of
the screw the head of which is to be operated upon is inserted in the clamp and the
motion of the screw being reversed the clamp is drawn into the hollow mandril and
closed tightly upon the screw bolt by the action of the taper part of the said clamp.
The screw bolt being firmly fixed in the clamp the several sides of its head are
operated upon by the grinding or polishing machinery in a way substantially the
same as that by which screw nuts are operated upon as described in the specification
of the Patent hereinbefore referred to.
The parts of the apparatus resembling corresponding parts of the machinery
described in the specification referred to we do not consider it necessary here to
describe.
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1 1
1
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1 1007
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Polishing Metals and other Substances.
We JOSEPH HAMPTON of King's Hill Wednesbury in the County of Stafford Tool
Manufacturer and SAMUEL PARTRIDGE of Croft House, Darlaston in the County of
Stafford, Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
The said invention has reference to machinery for which Letters Patent were granted
to us dated the 2nd day of February 1886, No. 1558 and consists of the improvements in
or additions to the said patented machinery hereinafter described. By the said
improvements or additions the operations of the said machinery are expedited and
great precision and uniformity are secured in the work effected by it.
The said machinery is especially applicable to the grinding and polishing of the
sides of hexagonal or other polygonal screw nuts and the sides of the hexagonal or
other polygonal heads of screw bolts and the present invention has special reference to
the mandril or rod by which the said screw nuts are supported while being operated
upon by the said machinery and to the carrier by which the screw bolts are supported
while being operated upon by the said machinery.
The roughly formed screw nuts to be operated upon are strung upon a rod or
mandril and clamped thereon by a screw nut or nuts before being operated upon by
the grinding or polishing machinery, a number of the said screw nuts being operated
upon simultaneously. In order to arrange the roughly formed screw nuts sym-
metrically on the rod or mandril, that is, to bring and fix one face of each nut into
the same or parallel planes during the grinding or polishing process the said nuts are
strung upon the rod or guide and according to the patented invention herein before
referred to were pressed on an angular gauge by which the several faces about to be
operated upon simultaneously were brought approximately into the same plane.
According to the present invention we adjust the screw nuts on the rod or mandril
in the following manner. The said nuts having been placed on the rod or mandril
they are first roughly adjusted by being pressed on a flat surface. Their accurate
adjustment is effected by means of a machine or apparatus consisting of a horizontal
base having in it a continuous recess or a series of recesses equal in number and in
distance apart to the number and thickness of the screw nuts to be operated upon.
In each of the recesses is a bearing block pressed inwards by a spring. The rod or
mandril with the roughly adjusted screw nuts upon it rests on the base of the said
apparatus the front end or end at which the nuts are passed on the said rod or mandril
being guided to its seat by inclines and the rear or handle end is clamped down by a
screw clamp. The front end bears against a stop. By the screwing down of the rod
or mandril the bearing blocks are depressed but their springs cause them to press on
the faces of the nuts respectively over them and to bring all the said faces into a true

page_text: horizontal position. In this way the faces to be operated upon are brought into the
required positions that is into the same or parallel planes although the said nuts may
vary considerably in size. After the nuts have been thus adjusted they are fixed in
position by the clamping nut or nuts referred to.
l
This part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying
Drawings, Figure 1 representing a side elevation of the screw nut adjusting machine
or apparatus partly in longitudinal section; Figure 2 an end elevation of the saine
and Figure 3 a plan of the same; Figure 4 represents one of the spring bearing
blocks detached drawn to a larger scale. The same letters of reference indicate the
same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4; a is the horizontal base of the apparatus having
along the middle of it a continuous recess b in which a series of bearing blocks c c is
placed each bearing block being pressed upwards by a coiled spring d one end of the
spring taking an abutment against the bed plate e (see Figure 1) and the other end of
the spring bearing against a shoulder near the bottom of the stem of the bearing
block. The bearing blocks c, c consist of cross heads or pieces on the ends of stems
as best seen in the detached view Figure 4, the several blocks being situated side by
side and in close contact. The bearing blocks c c are guided in their vertical motion
and prevented from being withdrawn from the base a by means of stop pins f taking
into slots in the sides of the stems of the said blocks. At the rear end of the
apparatus is a screw clamp i supported by the hollow upright k and at the front end
of the apparatus is an adjustable upright constituting a stop for the end of the rod
or mandril p carrying the screw nuts. The inner sides of the upright are inclined
for guiding the end of the rod or mandril to its place in the said upright. The rod or
inandril p on which the screw nuts to be operated upon are fixed is constructed in the
manner described in the specification of the patent herein before referred to. Having
arranged the screw nuts on the rod or mandril p with the collars q q between them
they are loosely bound together by means of the fixing screw nuts on the screwed
end of the mandril. The screw nuts on the mandril having been roughly adjusted on
a flat surface the mandril is fitted in the nut adjusting machine. This is effected by
passing the front end of the mandril through the hollow upright of the screw
clamp into the stop or upright 1, the screw nuts on the mandril resting on the several
spring blocks c, c. The rear or handle end of the mandril p is next clamped down
by the screw clamp i. By the screwing down of the mandril p the bearing blocks c, c
are depressed but their springs d cause them to press on the faces of the screw nuts
situated respectively over them and to bring all the said faces into a true horizontal
The faces of the
position as will be understood by an examination of Figure 1.
several nuts are thus brought into the same or parallel planes although the nuts may
vary considerably in size. After the screw nuts have been thus adjusted on the mandril
they are fixed thereto by screwing home the fixing screw nuts at the front end of the
mandril. The mandril having the adjusted nuts upon it is removed from the
adjusting machine and is ready to be fixed to the carrier for the grinding or polishing
operation.
This invention consists further of the following improvements in the carrier used for
supporting and fixing the rod or mandril carrying the screw nuts during the grinding
or polishing operation. In order to prevent flexure or distortion in the rod or mandril
carrying the clamped screw nuts while their faces are being operated upon the said
carrier is furnished with two horizontal clamping and supporting jaws. The back
ends of these clamping jaws are jointed to the back bar of the carrier and their inner
and free ends work in slots in the front bar of the carrier. The clamping jaws are
capable of separating from or of approaching one another and when in their parallel
position they are fixed by binding screws bearing upon their free ends. On the
opposite vertical faces of the clamping jaws three (or more) horizontal supports are
fixed the supports on one jaw being situated opposite those on the other jaw. The
acting ends of the supports are semi circular. Between the pairs of horizontal
supports described the rod or mandril is firmly held and supported at several points
and all flexure or distortion in it prevented during the action of the machine upon the
screw nuts carried by it. At the several parts of the rod or mandril where the pairs

page_text: of supports grip it are collars for the semi circular ends of the said supports to
embrace.
A carrier constructed according to this part of the invention is represented in plan
in Figure 5 and side elevation in Figure 6, with the clamping jaws open, and in plan
in Figure 7 with the clamping jaws closed and the mandril fixed to the carrier;
Figure 8 represents a longitudinal section of the carrier taken through the clamping
jaws.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 3.
a is the frame of the carrier provided with the appliances described in the specification
of the patent before referred to; b c are the two clamping jaws jointed at d to the back bar
of the carrier so that the said jaws can be separated from one another as represented in
Figure 5, or be closed and brought parallei to one another as represented in Figure 7.
The free ends of the clamping jaws b, c work in slots or openings e, e in the front bar of
the carrier a and the said jaws when closed are fixed by binding screws ffbearing upon
the said free ends; h, hh are the pairs of horizontal supports projecting from the
inner vertical faces of the clamping jaws, the acting ends of the said supports being
semi circular. The supports h, h, h are adjusted in the jaws a, b by the screw bolts
and slots i. It will be seen that the horizontal supports h, h, h on one jaw bare
situated opposite those on the other jaw c. After the mandril p carrying the screw
nuts has been placed and fixed in the carrier a the clamping jaws b, c are closed
upon one another and brought parallel and fixed by the binding screws. The
horizontal pairs of supports h, h, are thereby made to embrace and grip the
collars qq,q of the mandril as represented in Figure 7. The rod or mandril p is in
this way very firmly held and supported at several points and all flexure or distortion
in the rod or mandril is prevented during the action of the machine on the screw nuts
supported by it. The said invention consists further of the following improvements
in the carrier by which we support screw bolts while their hexagonal or angular heads
are being operated upon by the grinding or polishing machinery. To one of the inner
sides of the carrier frame a tubular socket is fixed. In the said socket is a hollow rod
or mandril having at its outer end the notched disc in which the spring lever for fixing
the position of the said rod or mandril engages. In this hollow mandril is a clamp
solid at its rear end and split at its front end. The said clamp tapers towards its rear
end so that when it is drawn in the hollow mandril its front split end is closed and a
screw bolt inserted in the said clamp is tightly gripped. The drawing of the clamp
is effected by the action of a screw nut turned by a thumb plate the said screw nut
taking on a screw at the end of the clamp. The said clamp is prevented from turning
by a pin and slot.
A carrier constructed according to this part of the invention is represented in plan
in Figure 9 and cross section in Figure 10; Figure 11 represents separately the
hollow split clamp by which the screw bolt is gripped and Figure 12 represents
separately the hollow rod or mandril in which the split clamp slides to grip the screw
bolt.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 9, 10, 11
and 12.
b is the fixed tubular socket secured to the inner side of the carrier frame a. In
this tubular socket b the hollow rod or mandril c is situated and turns the said rod or
mandril c being secured in the fixed socket b but is permitted to rotate therein by the
pin and annular slot at e.
The outer end of the hollow rod or mandril c carries the notched disc in which
the spring leverf engages for fixing the position of the said rod or mandril c and the
clamp g carried by it. The clamp g is solid at its rear end and is screwed at h. Its
front or gripping end is hollow and split and tapers externally at i and when the said
split end is nearly closed the stem of the screw bolt & inserted in the said clamp is
firmly gripped by it. At the rear end of the hollow mandril c is a hollow screw nut
or screw box into which the screwed end of the clamp 9 can be drawn or out of
which it can be projected. The hollow screw nut is turned by the thumb plate m.
The screw nut is capable only of a rotatory motion, the connection of the said screw

page_text: nut with the rod or mandril c being made in the manner seen in the section Figure 10.
The clamp g is prevented from turning in the rod or mandril c by a pin d working in
a longitudinal slot in the said clamp.
The action of the parts is as follows:-The hollow screw nut or screw box / being
relaxed by its thumb plate m the clamp g advances out of the hollow mandril c and
the split front end of the clamp opens. The stem or body of the screw bolt k the
head of which is to be operated upon, is inserted in the clamp g and the motion of the
screw nut being reversed the clamp g is drawn into the hollow mandril e and its split
end is closed tightly upon the stem of the screw bolt by the action of the taper part i
of the said clamp. The screw bolt & being firmly held or fixed in the clamp the several
sides of its head are operated upon by the grinding or polishing machinery in a way
substantially the same as that by which screw nuts are operated upon as described in
the specification of the patent before referred to.
The parts of the apparatus resembling corresponding parts of the machinery
described in the specification referred to we do not consider it necessary here to
describe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we claim as the said
invention of "Improvements in or additions to machinery for grinding and polishing
metals and other substances."
First The machinery or apparatus herein before described and represented in
Figures 1, 2, and 4 of the accompanying Drawings for simultaneously adjusting or
bringing into the same plane or into parallel planes the several faces of the screw nuts
strung upon and clamped to the rod or mandril on which they are supported while
being ground or polished, the said machinery or apparatus consisting essentially of a
series of spring bearing blocks on which the several screw nuts are pressed the series
of spring bearing blocks acting upon the faces of the several screw nuts on the mandril
and bringing them simultaneously into the same plane or into parallel planes substantially
in the manner described and illustrated.
Secondly The combination with the carrier by which the rod or mandril carrying
the face adjusted screw nuts is supported, of the clamping and supporting jaws pro-
vided with pairs of horizontal supports herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying Drawings for gripping and supporting
the rod or mandril at several points and thereby preventing any flexure or distortion
in it during the action of the grinding or polishing machine upon the screw nuts
carried by it.
Thirdly The combination with the carrier by which screw bolts are supported
while their hexagonal or angular heads are being ground or polished of the clamping
apparatus herein before described and illustrated in Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12 of the
accompanying Drawings, the said clamping apparatus consisting essentially of a
tubular socket hollow rod or mandril and a clamp having a hollow conical and split
end sliding in the said hollow rod or mandril, the several parts of the clamping
apparatus being arranged and acting substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this Tenth day of November 1887.