Improvements in or connected with Gas or Internal Combustion Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 1st Dec., 1897-Accepted, 5th Feb., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Gas or Internal Combustion
Motors.
I, EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of London, and
30, East Parade, Leeds, in the County of York, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, (a communication to
me from abroad by Paul Nicolas, of 42, Boulevard Bonne Nouvelle, Paris, France,
Engineer), to be as follows:-
This invention refers to new or improved motors, the motive power being coal
gas, or gas produced from hydrocarbons, or any other combustible liquid.
This motor is specially characterized
1st. By the arrangement of the admission box or mixing chamber for the explosive
mixture.
2nd. By the mode of connection of the several connecting rods with the crank
shaft.
3rd. By the exhaust mechanism for the burnt gases.
The motor is composed of four cylinders, arranged radially at 90° from each other,
in a vertical plane, provided with wings or projecting flanges, and mounted on a
frame on which they are fixed by bolts.
The
In each cylinder there is a piston, provided with a connecting rod, which is carried
on the bearing of the crank shaft by an arrangement such as is now described.
head of each connecting rod is formed with a segment taking onto the bearing of the
driving shaft, the exterior surface of these segments being circular and conical on two
sides. Two rings bear upon these conical parts, and the interior of the rings are also
conical, and screw on to two other rings placed on each side of the crank. It will be
seen that by this means the four heads of the connecting rods are firmly united, while
at the same time allowing of their being kept tight up to the bearing upon the crank
after wear.
:
The bottom of each cylinder is fitted with a box for the admission of the explosive
mixture, the box being formed of two compartments, separated from one another by a
metal diaphragm or flexible valve. A single valve, the operation of which is automatic,
passes through this box, and permits the passage of the explosive mixture to the
cylinder. The two compartments of the box communicate with one another by small
apertures, controlled or separated by the aforesaid diaphragms. During the aspiration
the explosive mixture valve opens, and the diaphragm allows the fresh air to pass,
(which arrives by an air supply pipe), into the gas compartment, where it mixes
intimately with the gas arriving by a gas supply pipe. On the contrary when the
aspiration does not take place, the gas which fills the one compartment, forces the
Each mixing
diaphragm onto the air entrance holes, and the gas cannot escape.
chamber or box is provided with an igniter, or with any other mode of firing the
mixture.
Each cylinder is moreover furnished with an exhaust chamber for the escape of the
burnt gas, the said chamber being easily removed. in case of repair being required, or
for adjustment of the exhaust valve.

page_text: The admission and exhaust valves are retained on their seats by means of a helical
spring, the tension of which can be regulated as may be desired.
The operation of the exhaust valves is effected by means of a cam with four acting
surfaces, loosely mounted on a driving shaft. This cam which should only make
one revolution, whilst the driving shaft makes two, (although this gas motor is a
quadruple) is driven by a toothed wheel, keyed on the shaft, and driving other toothed
wheels, of different diameters formed for example in a piece with one another.
The smaller wheel of the series, drives the cam directly by teeth formed thereon.
Each acting surface of the cam ought not to act on but one of the rods controlling
each exhaust valve, it is therefore evident that the four acting surfaces or projections
of the cam are not situated in the same plane of rotation.
Upon rotation taking place the pistons will be in the following relative positions at
one time, the piston of the cylinder, No. 1 draws in the mixture of air and gas; the
piston of the cylinder No. 2 is at the middle of its stroke of compression; the
cylinder No. 3 allows the products of combustion to escape, and the piston of
the cylinder No. 4 is at its balf stroke at the time of explosion.
During these different periods the introduction of the gaseous mixture is automatic,
as before explained, the exhaust is produced by means of the valve worked by the
acting surfaces of the cam, and the ignition, (when it is effected say electrically) is
produced by means of a commutator fixed on the cam, and successively touching rods,
depending from the igniter.
This system of motor can be equally constructed with six or eight cylinders, and
can be arranged to work in two directions by making the cam movable and modifying
the acting surfaces of the said cam accordingly.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Gas or Internal Combustion
Motors.
I, EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of London, and
30, East Parade, Leeds, in the County of York, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, (a communication to
me from abroad by Paul Nicolas, of 42, Boulevard Bonne Nouvelle, Paris, France,
Engineer) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to new or improved motors, the motive power being coal gas,
or gas produced from hydro-carbons, or any other combustible liquid.
This motor is specially characterized :-
1st. By the arrangement of the admission box or mixing chamber for the explosive
mixture.
2nd. By the mode of connection of the several connecting rods with the crank
shaft.
3rd. By the exhaust mechanism for the burnt gases.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken through the axes of
the cylinders. Fig. 2 is a section taken through the line X Y of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a
side elevation of the motor, and Figs. 4 are a section and plan views shewing the
junction of the connecting rod heads on the bearings or journals of the crank shaft.
The motor is composed of four cylinders A, arranged radially at 90° from each
other, in a vertical plane, provided with wings or projecting flanges, and mounted
on a frame B on which they are fixed by bolts.

page_text: In each cylinder A there is a piston C, provided with a connecting rod D, which is
carried on the bearing E of the crank shaft T, by an arrangement such as is now
described and shewn in detail at Fig. 4. The head of each connecting rod D is
formed with a segment L taking onto the bearing of the driving shaft, the exterior
surface of these segments L being circular and conical on two sides. Two rings b
bear upon these conical parts, and the interior of the rings are also conical, and
screw onto two other rings e placed on each side of the crank. It will be seen that by
this means the four heads of the connecting rods are firmly united, while at the same
time allowing of their being kept tight up to the bearing upon the crank pin E after
wear.
The bottom of each cylinder is fitted with a box for the admission of the explosive
mixture, the box being formed of two compartments & and e, separated from one
another by a metal diaphragm or flexible valve f. This diaphragm valve f is formed
of a flexible material and acts by its edges against the apertures h of the compart-
ment d, and is held by means of a nut fl screwing onto a part or carrier of the
partition in which the apertures h are bored. A single valve g, the operation of which
is automatic, (the spindle of which passes through this box), permits the passage of
the explosive mixture to the cylinder. The two compartments of the box communicate
with one another by small apertures h ', separated by the aforesaid diaphragm f.
During the aspiration or suction the explosive mixture valve g opens, and the
diaphragm f yielding at its edges slightly opens the holes h and allows the fresh air
to pass, (which arrives by an air supply pipe ), and it mixes intimately with the gas
arriving by the gas supply pipe j. On the contrary when the aspiration does not
take place, the gas which fills the lower compartment e, forces the diaphragm fonto
the air entrance holes h, and the gas cannot escape. Each mixing chamber or box is
provided with an igniter, or with any other mode of firing the mixture.
Each cylinder is moreover furnished with an exhaust chamber for the escape of
the burnt gas, the said chamber being easily removed in case of repair being
required, or for adjustment of the exhaust valve m.
The admission and exhaust valves are retained on their seats by means of helical
springs, the tension of which can be regulated as may be desired.
The operation of the exhaust valves is effected by means of a cam N with four
acting surfaces n loosely mounted on a driving shaft T. This cam N which should
only make one revolution, whilst the driving shaft makes two, (although this gas
motor is a quadruple) is driven by a toothed wheel P, keyed on the shaft T, and
driving other toothed wheels Q, Q¹, of different diameters formed for example in a
piece with one another.
The smaller wheel of the series drives the cam directly by teeth N¹ formed
thereon.
Each acting surface n of the cam ought only to act on a single rod controlling an
exhaust valve, it is therefore evident that the four acting surfaces or projections n of
the cam are not situated in the same plane of rotation.
Upon rotation taking place in the direction indicated by the arrow Fig. 1, the
pistons will be in the following relative positions at one time, the piston of the
cylinder, No. 1 draws in the mixture of air and gas; the piston of the cylinder No. 2
is at the middle of its stroke of compression; the cylinder No. 3 allows the products
of combustion to escape, and the piston of the cylinder No. 4 is at its half stroke at
the time of explosion.
During these different periods the introduction of the gaseous mixture is automatic,
as before explained; the exhaust is produced by means of valves m worked by the
acting surfaces of the cam; and the ignition, (when it is effected say electrically) is
produced by means of a commutator W fixed on the cam N, and successively touching
rods, pending from the igniter.
This system of motor can be equally constructed with six or eight cylinders, and
can be arranged to work in two directions by making the cam N adjustable, and
modifying the acting surfaces of the said cam accordingly.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a gas or internal combustion motor, the air mixing box, operating.
automatically by the suction of the pistons and by the opening of a single valve, the
said box containing an air chamber and a gas chamber communicating with one
another, by small holes, which are uncovered by a movable diaphragm during the
time of suction and which are closed by this saine diaphragm, forced by the gas,
as soon as the admission valve is closed.
2. In a motor having several cylinders, a mode of coupling the connecting rods on
to the driving crank axle, consisting in the heads of the connecting rods having the
form of sectors, and the exterior conical surfaces of which are covered by rings conical
internally which allow of compensation in wear.
3. In a gas or internal combustion motor, having several cylinders, a means for
the escape of the burnt gases, composed of valves worked by a cam revolved at half
the speed of the motor shaft, and having acting surfaces situated in different planes
of rotation.