IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING WATER, APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
COWLING, of Bowling, in the Parish of Bradford, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-first day of September, in the first year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Samuel
Cowling, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
1, the said Samuel Cowling, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Samuel Cowling, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING WATER, APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PURPOSES;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Samuel.
Cowling, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters-
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Cowling, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and

page_text: ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say-
My Invention of "improvements in raising water" consists in the following
means of working pumps, and the words "various purposes" in the title of the
Patent relate to raising water for turning a water wheel for various purposes,
as such water wheel may be used for impelling machinery in manufactories,
and for working pumps for raising water out of marshy and wet grounds, and
out of mines. In the Drawing A, A, A, A, represent four pumps, fixed at top to
the circular frame 1, 2, 3, 4, and B, B, B, B, are the sucker rods, wrought by
the short beams C, C, C, C, riding in the fulcrums D, D, D, D, and connected
to the sucker rods by chains, as in the Drawing, and wrought by means of the
long rods E, E, E, E, which are connected to the edge of the circular plate G
at F, F, F, F, to stiff iron rods standing out from the plate. This circular
plate G is placed horizontally on a horizontal ground made of mason-work or
wood, as the edge of this circular ground appears in the Drawing.
The circular plate works the suckers by means of the long rods E, E, E, E.
The plate dues not turn round, but resting on a pin, which is fixed in its centre
on its under side, and the said pin standing in a metal cap, which is set in the
middle of the horizontal ground. By this means that side of the plate which is
under the rolling wheel H is continually borne down by the rolling of the
wheel round the plate, so that as the wheel II by rolling is continually moving
forwards, and bearing down the plate under it, so of course the lowest part of
the plate, even under the wheel, is continually changing, and thus the whole
circle of pumps are working at once, because the plate (which I call a bearing
plate) is continually falling before the wheel and rising behind it. That
side of the bearing plate which is borne down by the rolling wheel rests on an
iron ring or circular railroad, which is fixed on the horizontal ground, even
under that part of the bearing plate where the wheel takes itscircular
course.
The cross frame in the form of an X at the bottom of the shaft I is fixed on
the top of four iron legs, which stand upright, through four holes in the plate,
at equal distances round its centre, these legs standing fast in the horizontal
ground under the plate. In the middle of this cross frame is a metal cup, in
which the shaft I turns. the axle of the rolling wheel H being joined to it as in
the Drawing, and carried round with it. In this way the rolling wheel H is
carried round upon the bearing plate G by means of the mitre cog-wheel K
on the shaft L, which turns the shaft I by the mitre cog wheel J; the shaft L
receives motion from a common horse mill, which is turnel by a horse or

page_text: horses in a circular walk, by being yoked to it, works the whole combination
by the spur wheel K. The machine may be wrought either with or without a
fly wheel. The wheels J, K, may vary in their diameters and proportions, as
speed may be required. The number of the pumps is not to be less than four,
and their number or width, or both, may be increased or varied within the
extent of their circle as being so arranged, provided that the weight of the
rolling wheel H and the power that works it is sufficient to work them. The
diameter of the circle described by the rolling wheel in its course round the
bearing plate may vary from five to twelve feet. The diameter of the rolling
wheel may vary from three to seven feet. Two rolling wheels may be used one
before the other on the same plate when great power is required.
To prevent the water from freezing in the pumps in a hard frost, it will be
necessary to have the machine in a building (well plastered) with a fire during
the frost. I have found no need of making my Drawing on a scale, as my
description will give a good understanding of it without. I claim no inven-
tion in the beams C, C, C, C, nor in the long rods E, E, E, E, nor in joining
them together, nor in working pumps by them. The wheels, shafts, and axles
are, the rolling wheel H; its axle joined to the shaft I; wheels, J and K ;
shaft L; fly-wheel; but of all these things and all their combinations, and the
manner in which they carry the rolling wheel round, I claim nothing.
My Invention, as relates to the working of pumps in a circular form by a
rolling wheel, is not the Invention of the first use of that wheel for that
purpose, such use of the rolling wheel being a known thing. But as one part of
my Invention is the application of the bearing plate to the working of pumps
by joining. the long rods to it at equal distances all round, my Invention
touching the use of the rolling wheel is only of this manner of using it by
rolling upon the bearing plate.
The use of the iron ring or circular railroad for the wheel to roll upon for
working pumps is also a known thing, not coming within my Invention; but
that which I claim as to the use of this ring or circular railroad is, that it is to
bear the plate and wheel working upon it both together in this way. With
the advantage of a running water, this machine may be wrought by an under-
shot or breast water wheel instead of the horse wheel; but I do not claim any
use of a water wheel for working pumps.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cowling, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-eight.
SAMUEL (Ls.) COWLING.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1838, the aforesaid Samuel Cowling came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.