IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR SMOOTHING AND POLISHING
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Brunton, of Sheffield, in the County of
York, Buff and Glazer Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR SMOOTHING AND POLISHING."
Sealed the 12th May 1865, and dated the 23rd November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Brunton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
November 1864.
I, GEORGE BRUNTON, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Buff and Glazer
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR SMOOTHING AND POLISHING," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to wheels or instruments which may be used as or
instead of buffs for getting up or imparting a surface to cutlery handles or
other articles.
An improved apparatus especially suitable for sand buffing or smoothing is
constructed as follows:--The spindle is screw threaded for a portion of its
length, and on it are fitted two plates of or about the intended diameter of the
wheel. Between these plates a number of sheets or pieces of felt, calico,
cotton, or other substance are mounted on the spindle with their edge outward
and they are cut to correspond (or ne rly to correspond) in diameter with the
diameter of the plates. The plates can be screwed nearer to or farther from

page_text: each other so as to compress to a greater or less extent the layers of felt, calico,
or other substance interposed between them. These may be compressed so
closely as to form an almost compact body. The edges being packed tightly
together. I sometimes use felt, or patent felt, or other material which I fill or
saturate with fat, oil, or grease, and I recommend for the purpose a compo-
sition consisting of soft soap, Bath brick, mutton 'suet, Venetian red and bees'
wax.
Another wheel or apparatus especially applicable for gloss buffing or polish-
ing consists of felt or patent felt having the face or flat side (that is not the
edge) presented outward or forming the working surface of the wheel, and I
fill or saturate it with grease, fat, or oil. I sometimes fill or saturate it with
a composition consisting of soft soap, olive oil, powder blue, rottenstone, and
bees' wax.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Brunton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BRUNTON, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Buff and Glazer Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said George Brunton, Her special licence that I, the said George
Brunton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said George Brunton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR SMOOTHING AND POLISHING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Brunton, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patént

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Brunton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, that is
to say:-
My Invention relates to wheels or instruments which may be used as or
instead of buffs for getting up or imparting a surface to cutlery handles or
other articles.
An improved apparatus especially suitable for sand buffing or smoothing is
constructed as follows:-A spindle is.. screw threaded for a portion of its
length and on it are fitted two plates of or about of the intended diameter of
the wheel; between these plates a number of sheets or pieces of felt, calico,
cotton, or other like substance. are mounted on the spindle with their edge
outward, and they are cut to correspond. or nearly to correspond in diameter
with the diameter of the plates. The plates can be screwed nearer to or
farther from each other so as to compress to a greater or less extent the
layers or pieces of felt, calico, or other substance interposed between them
which may be compressed so closely as to form an almost compact body, the
edges being packed tightly together. I sometimes use felt, or patent felt, or
other like material which I fill or saturate with fat, oil, or grease, and I
recommend for the purpose a composition consisting of soft soap, Bath brick,
mutton suet, Venetian red, and bees' wax.
Another wheel or apparatus especially applicable for gloss buffing or
polishing consists of felt or patent felt having the face or flat side (that is not
the edge) presented outward to form the working surface, and I fill or saturate
it with grease, fat, or oil. I sometimes fill or saturate it with a composition
consisting of soft soap, olive oil, powder blue, rottenstone, and bees' wax.
I now proceed to describe with reference to the Drawings in what manner
the Invention may be performed.
-
i
Figure 1 is an elevation, and Figure 2 a plan or side view of a sand buffing
wheel constructed according to my Invention.
A is a spindle, screw threaded for a portion of its length, on which portion is
fitted a nut a. On the spindle A are mounted two plates or discs B, C, between
which are one or more circular pieces of felt D¹, D', D³, also mounted on the
spindle. These pieces may be of such size as to correspond or be flush with
the edges of the plates, or they may project beyond those edges as in the
Figures. By working the nut a, the plates B, C, may be brought nearer to

page_text: or farther from each other, and the pieces of felt thereby more or less com-
pressed; E is a pulley round which a driving band passes for communicating
motion to the spindle.
The felt or other material of which the body of my wheels is formed,
whether such wheels are applicable for sand buffing, or gloss buffing, or other
like purposes of smoothing or polishing is filled or saturated with fat, oil, or
grease combined or not with other materials according to the intended use of
the apparatus. Sometimes for silver and German silver, I use lime and oil
forming what I may describe as a modified composition.
I sometimes use a composition in the following proportions for sand
buffing:
Soft soap
Bath brick
Mutton Suet.
-
Venetian red
Bees' wax
1 lb.
1 lb.
-
1 lb.
oz.
-
oz.
For wheels for buffing copper plates I use the following composition which
I may describe as a modified composition.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same may be performed, I declare that I claim as constituting my said
Invention:-
First, the wheel or instrument for sand buffing or smoothing in which two
plates are mounted on a screw threaded spindle so as to be brought nearer to
or farther from each other, and have felt or other material between them,
substantially as described.
Second, the employment of felt, patent felt, or like material saturated with
fat, grease, or oil, and disposed edgewise in the manufacture of wheels for
sand buffing or smoothing as described.
Third, the employment of felt, patent felt, or other like material saturated
with a composition consisting of soft soap, Bath brick, mutton suet, Venetian
red, and bees' wax, in the manufacture of wheels for sand buffing or smoothing
as described.
Fourth, the employment of felt or patent felt, saturated with grease, fat, or
oil, and having the face or flat side outward in the manufacture of wheels for
gloss buffing, or polished as described.
Fifth, the employment of felt or patent felt saturated with a composition
consisting of soft soap, oil, powder blue, rottenstone, and bees' wax for the
manufacture of wheels for glass buffing or polishing as described.
Sixth, the employment of felt, patent felt, or like material saturated with
the above described modified compositions, and disposed in the manner and
for the purposes herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Brunton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
GEORGE JAMES BRUNTON.
GEORGE BRUNTON. (L.S.)