IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MAGNETS TO BE USED FOR SEPARATING METALLIC SUBSTANCES FROM MATERIALS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY AND OTHER MANUFACTURES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elias Leak, of Longton, in the County of Stafford, Potter's
Machinist, and John Edwards, of Fenton, in the same County, Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MAGNETS TO BE
USED FOR SEPARATING METALLIC SUBSTANCES FROM MATERIALS USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY AND OTHER MANUFACTURES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Elias Leak and John
Edwards at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July
1878.
ELIAS LEAK, of Longton, in the County of Stafford, Potter's Machinist, and
JOHN EDWARDS, of Fenton, in the same County, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND CONNECTED WITH MAGNETS TO BE USED FOR SEPARATING METALLIC SUB-
STANCES FROM MATERIALS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY AND OTHER
MANUFACTURES."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in and connected with magnets
used in separating iron, steel, and other metallic or attractive particles or substances
from slip, flint stone, whiting colours, glaze, or any other material, liquid or dry,
used in the manufacture of pottery in which their presence is objectionable, and in
separating such attractive particles or substances from powdery, semi-liquid, or
liquid substances in various other manufactures in which their presence is dele-
terious, has for its especial objects, the rendering of such magnets incorrodible,
non-oxydizable, or not liable to deterioration in their substance by use in the
substances they are intended to free from the said attractive and deleterious particles,
and consequently to render the magnets more durable and not liable to contaminate
the substances they are intended to free from the said particles by any scales of rust
or oxide falling from off them, as they do from off the ordinary magnets, whereby
nll ....מ

page_text: the ware or other article resulting from the subsequent manufacture is often
spoiled.
The Invention also relates to certain improved forms of magnets more especially
suitable for separating the said particles or substances from any powdery, semi-
liquid, or liquid substances in the above referred to and in other manufactures.
And the Invention further relates to the use, in combination with ordinary or
unprotected magnets, of incorrodible or non-oxydizable cases, in which the ordinary
magnets can be placed so as to be protected from the corroding or oxydizing action
of such substances, while still exercising their desired influence in the extraction or
separation of the said particles therefrom.
In carrying the first part of our Invention into practice we proceed to manu-
facture the magnets in the ordinary way, but in order to complete their manufacture
and to render them incorrodible, we galvanize, electro-plate, or otherwise enamel or
coat them with any suitable incorrodible or non-oxydisable metal alloy, or other
suitable impervious substance which will resist abrasion and prevent the powdery,
semi-liquid, or liquid substance in which they are placed (when they are used in
the ordinary way) having any destructive effect upon them, while still allowing of
the magnets exercising their full effect in freeing the substance from all such dele-
terious particles, and they are consequently rendered more durable and not liable to
contaminate the substance they are intended to purify by any scale or oxide dropping
from off them.
In carrying the second part of our Invention into practice we form the magnets
(which are intended for such uses as are above referred to) in the form of plates or
similar flattened or broadened out surfaces, and either square or of any other
suitable shape; and these we use either plain or as we prefer; we perforate them
with holes or apertures, through which the slip, glaze, or other mixture or sub-
stance to be purified or freed from such particles is caused to pass, and is thus
exposed to a larger magnetized surface, and is consequently more efficiently acted
upon in the desired manner. These plate magnets (which we prefer to use and find
more effective than the ordinary horse-shoe form of magnet) we can galvanize or
render incorrodible, as above described; or we can use them without being
galvanized. In either case they are far more efficient in use than the magnets at
present used for such purposes, as they present a greatly increased magnetized
surface for the attraction of the said particles.
We also form the magnets of bars or wires, and in the form of troughs, boxes, or
sieves, or any other form required, to present a comparatively large attracting
surface; but in all these cases we render such shaped magnets incorrodible by
coating them as above described.
But in lieu of thus coating the magnets and rendering them incorrodible, and in
carrying the third part of our Invention into practice, we can use ordinary. magnets
or magnets made of any of the improved forms above referred to, but not galvanized
or similarly protected, and place then in suitable shaped cases made of thin incor-
rodible metal or other suitable material, or other impervious substance rendered
incorrodible by being treated as above described, and of such a nature as will resist
abrasion, and not prevent the desired action or influence of the magnet upon the
powdery, semi-liquid, or liquid substance in which they are placed, and which they
are intended to free from all the said particles, but will prevent the deteriorating
action of such substances upon the magnets.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Elias Leak and John Edwards in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
: 2nd January 1879.
ELIAS LEAK, of Longton, in the County of Stafford, Pottor's Machinist, and
JOHN EDWARDS, of Fenton, in the same County, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND CONNECTED WITH MAGNETS TO BE USED FOR SEPARATING METALLIC SUB-
STANCES FROM MATERIALS USED IN THe ManufactuRE OF POTTERY AND OTHER
MANUFACTURES."
This Invention relates to improvements in and connected with magnets used in
separating iron, steel, and other similarly attractive particles from slip, flint stone,
whiting colors, glaze, or other material, liquid or dry, used in the manufacture of
pottery in which their presence is objectionable, and in separating such attractive
particles from powdery, semi-liquid, or liquid substances in various other manu-
factures in which their presence is deleterious; and it has for its especial objects tho
rendering of such magnets incorrodible, non-oxydisable, or not liable to deterioration
in their substance by use in the substances they are intended to free from the said
attractive and deleterious particles, and consequently to render such magnets more
durable and not liable to contaminate the substances they are intended to free from
the said particles by any scales of rust or oxide falling from off them, as they do
from off the ordinary magnets, whereby the ware or other article resulting from the
subsequent manufacture is often spoiled.
The Invention also relates to certain improved forms of magnets more especially.
suitable for separating the said particles from any powdery, semi-liquid, or liquid
substances in the above referred to manufactures.
And the Invention further relates to the use, in combination with ordinary or
unprotected magnets, of incorrodible or non-oxydisable cases, in which the magnets
can be placed so as to be protected from the corroding or oxydising action of such
substances, while still exercising their desired influence in the extraction or
separation of the said deleterious particles therefrom.
Such being the nature and objects of our said Invention we will now proceed to
describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed
or carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be distinctly under-
stood we have annexed hereunto one Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and
have marked the same with figures of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof, that is to say :-
In carrying the first part of our Invention into practice we proceed to manu-
facture the magnets in the ordinary way, but in order to complete their manufacture
and to render them incorrodible, we galvanize, electro-plate, bronze, or otherwise
enamel or coat them with any suitable incorrodible or non-oxydisable metal alloy
or other suitable impervious substance or material which will resist abrasion and
prevent the powdery, semi-liquid, or liquid substance in which they are placed
(when they are used in the ordinary way) having any destructive effect upon them,
while still allowing of the magnets exercising their full effect in freeing the
substance from all such deleterious particles, and they are consequently rendered
more durable and not liable to contaminate the substance they are intended to
purify by any scale or oxide dropping from off them.
In carrying the second part of our Invention into effect we form the magnets.
(which are intended for such uses as are above mentioned) in the form of plates or
similar flattened or broadened out surfaces, and either round, as shewn in Figure 1,.
square, as shewn in Figure 2, or of any other suitable shape other than of the usual,

page_text: horse-shoo form illustrated in Figure 3; and these improved forms of magnets we
use either plain, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, or as we prefer we perforate them
with holes, as shewn in Figures 4 and 5, or with longer apertures, as shown in
Figures 6 and 7, through which the alip, glaze, or other mixture to be purified or
freed from such particles is caused to pass, and is thus exposed to a larger magnetized
surface, and is consequently more efficiently acted upon in the desired manner.
These plate magnets (which we prefer to use, and find more effectual than the
ordinary horse-shoe form of magnet) we can galvanize or render incorrodible, as
above described, or we can use them without being thus protected. In either case
they are far more efficient in use than the magnets at present used for such purposes,
as they present a greatly increased magnetized surface for the attraction of the said
particles.
Figure 8 represents a plate magnet made by turning a spiral groove in one side
of a plate of iron, steel, or other suitable metal, and arranging a coil or wire within
the spiral groove and leading it therefrom to a battery, another plate being fastened
on the grooved face of this plate to prevent the slip or other material getting to
the coil.
We also form the magnets of bars or wires, or in the form of pipes, as shewn in
Figures 9 and 10, troughs, as in Figures 11 and 12, boxes, as in Figures 13 and 14,
sieves, as in Figure 15, or any other suitable forms, so as to present a comparatively
large attracting surface; but in all these cases we render such shaped magnets
incorrodible by coating them as above described.
But in lieu of thus coating the magnets and rendering them incorrodible, and in
carrying the third part of our Invention into practice, we can uso ordinary magnets,
as in Figures 16 and 18, or magnets made of any of the improved forms above
referred to, as in Figures 19 and 20, but not galvanized or equivalently protected,
as above referred to, and place them in loosely fitting cases, as shewn, one of the
cases, such a one as would be suitable for the magnet illustrated in Figures 3, 16,
and 18, being illustrated detached in Figure 17, the cases being made of thin
incorrodible metal or other impervious substance rendered incorrodible by being
treated as above described, and of such a nature as will resist abrasion and not
prevent the desired action or influence of the magnets upon the powdery, semi-
liquid, or liquid substance in which they are placed, and which they are intended to
free from all the said particles, but will prevent the deteriorating action of such
substances upon the magnets.
Having now described the nature and objects of our said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, we would remark in conclusion that we claim as our Invention,―
The above-described improvements in and connected with magnets used in
separating iron, steel, and other similarly attractive particles from slip, flint stone,
whiting colors, glaze, or other material or substance, powdery, semi-liquid, or liquid,
used in the manufacture of pottery, and in other manufactures in which their
presence is deleterious. and objectionable; and we especially claim,-
Firstly. The making or rendering of such magnets incorrodible, non-oxydisable,
or not liable to deterioration in their substance by use in the substances they are
intended to purify or free from the said attractive and deleterious particles, and not
liable to contaminate the substances they are intended to purify, and the use of
such incorrodible magnets for the purposes specified.
Secondly. The above-described improved forms of magnets used for the aforesaid
purposes, for which they are more suitable than the usual form of magnet.
And, Thirdly. The application and use, in combination with ordinary or unpro-
tected magnets, of incorrodible or non-oxydisable cases, in which the magnets can
be placed so as to be protected from the corroding or oxydisable action of such
substances, while still exercising their desired influence in the extraction or separation
of the said deleterious particles therefrom.

page_text: All substantially as and for the purposes herein-above described and specified,
and as illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Elias Leak and John Edwards, have hereunto
set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
ELIAS LEAK.
(L.S.)
JOHN EDWARDS. (L.S.)