Improvements in Glass Grinding Machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 6th Mar., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by JULIUS SCHWARZ, of Freiburg, in Baden, in
the Empire of Germany.]
Improvements in Glass Grinding Machines.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent.
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a machine, by which drinking glasses and glass vessels
of any kind are ground by means of a grinding stone the shaft of which is placed
at right angles to, and above the central line of the glass to be ground. The
whole machine is arranged on a pedestal F, Figure 2, and the bearing blocks G₁ G,
carry the driving shaft Z, upon which the fixed and the loose pulleys In L, are
arranged, which pulleys receive their motion from any suitable transmission shaft.
On the frame or pedestal of the machine a circular cheek W, which is flattened
laterally, (see Figure 1) and an eccentric shaft Q are located. The check W
carries the mechanism for holding the glass in a fixed position, while upon the
eccentric shaft two eccentrics E and e, are arranged which, for a certain length of
time at intervals hold the grinding stone against the glass, remove the grinding
stone from the glass and moreover impart a partial rotation to the latter. For
this purpose the grinding stone S is located with its axis in the two arms A¹
and A2 of a movable lever A which oscillates about a fixed head or projection of
the bearing block G' and is nearly counterbalanced by a spiral spring f, so that
the grinding stone has the tendency to press but lightly upon the glass U. In
order to reduce this pressure and to cause the grinding disc to clear the stone at
times, the arm A2 bears against a set screw a which is firmly guided in the arm H'
of the fork lever H rotatable about the shaft Z and which bears at times against
the periphery of the glass through the medium of the two "feelers" or contact
pins. The fork lever H bears with its rear arm against the eccentric e₁ e
(Figure 4).
In order that this part of the lever may be exactly adjusted relatively to its
fork, it is provided with a displaceable link, formed by joint-plates d, which can
turn on the pin p and be fixed by means of a screw as soon as the stone cuts the
glass to a sufficient depth. The exact adjustment is effected by the aid of the set
screw a.
The travel of the glass and therefore the extent of the grinding operation can
be adjusted by suitably exchanging the eccentric E for another; under these
conditions, however, the time during which the grinding tool is to be applied to
the glass must likewise be varied, which variation is effected by means of the
peculiarly shaped eccentric e₁ e,.
As is apparent from Figure 3 this eccentric consists of two discs, one of which, e₁
is fixed to the shaft, whereas the disc e, can be displaced relatively to e₁. These
discs may be so adjusted, that the projecting and recessed surfaces thereof coincide,
and under this condition the stone will remain the longest time in contact with
the glass; if on the other hand the disc e, is displaced relatively to the disc e, the

page_text: projecting surface is extended and the recessed surface is shortened, thus also the
time, during which the grinding tool is in contact with the glass, is reduced.
g
The device for inserting and fixing the glass to be ground in place is very simple
in construction owing to the fact that the glass only has to perform a reciprocating
movement which is produced by the aid of the eccentric E, the adjusting lever g¹
and the screw threaded spindle Y, Figure 1. When the eccentric E rotates in
the direction of the arrow, the support B, for the glass, is moved toward the left
being actuated by the spindle Y by means of the screw nut m. A weight located
within the pedestal of the machine and attached to the string V, is lifted and as
soon as the eccentric allows the support B to commence its movement toward the
right, this movement is continued by the then descending weight.
The glass itself is placed on a mandrel D of cork or soft indiarubber and bears
against a rest or presser J, which is so arranged in the arm B2 of the support B as
to be easily rotatable and slightly displaceable longitudinally. The mandrel D
causes the glass to rotate as soon as a facet is completed and the grinding stone has
been lifted from the finished facet.
The movements for effecting the rotation are produced by the aid of the
following mechanism: The mandrel D first of all is firmly fixed to a metal pin the
conical part of which is so attached to the interior of the cylindrical guide u, that,
after the grinding operation of the glass is finished, it can be taken out together
with the said glass, but when the glass is fixed upon the mandrel D it is compelled
to follow the movement of the latter. The guide u consists of two parts, one of
which only executes a inovement in a longitudinal direction, produced by the hand
wheel C, while the other part which carries the mandrel D is compelled to execute
this longitudinal movement as well as a periodical rotary movement. For this
purpose this latter part is provided with a groove for receiving a short feather
placed in the eye of a toothed wheel T the front part of which serves to retain the
glass in position while a facet is being ground. For this purpose its larger part is
provided with angular teeth and its smaller part with straight radial teeth-
Figure 5. The glass is retained in position by means of a pin X fixed to the
leaf spring M, and the said pin engages with the radial teeth on the smaller part
of the wheel. The rotation of the angular toothed wheel is produced by a
combination of mechanical parts arranged on the support N (Figures 6 and 7)
which is fixed to the front portion of the cheek. The stop pin t Figure 6, is
rigidly connected to the lever P1 which is made in one piece with the lever P² and
pivotally fixed to a vertical pin. The lever P2 is forced against the head or stop i,
by means of a spiral spring . While the support B together with the wheel T
moves in the direction of the arrow 1, an angular tooth is caused to engage with
the pin which is suitably shaped for this purpose, and as the said pint cannot
turn aside, the toothed wheel rotates to the extent of one tooth, if the distance
travelled by B be so great that the wheel T passes beyond the pin t. During the
return motion the stop pin turns aside in the direction of the arrow (Figure 6) and
returns to its position of rest on leaving the wheel T.
During the time that the wheel T is turned, the catch X must be lifted out of
engagement with the radial teeth and this is effected by a lifting pin h which at the
required times is forced upward by the incline at 6 (Figures 6 and 7), but in
order that it may be held immovable during the period of grinding the glass, the
pin will resume its normal position on the bolt b by sliding from its point b',
Figure 6, and returning to this normal position during the opposite movement,
forcing the bolt & aside in the direction indicated by the arrow, against the pressure
of a spring, Figure 6; the said bolt does not resume its position of rest until
the pin has passed the projecting part of b terminated each way by the two
inclines. The lifting pin theu again occupies such a position as to be ready to
ascend when the machine again runs idle.
After these explanations the operation of the machine can be easily described.
The glass is so inserted and fixed in the apparatus, that the grinding stone hangs
behind the bottom of the glass and that only the two "fcelers or contact pins r₁ r

page_text: rest upon the extremity of the glass, while the eccentric E occupies a position
turned through an angle of 180 degrees relatively to the position shown in the
drawing. If the machine is started so that through the action of the rope-gear K
the small grooved pulley k and thus also the grinding tool are set in rapid rotary
motion, then, through the medium of the step pulleys R₁ and R₂ the eccentric
shaft is likewise slowly rotated and thus the glass is traversed under the grind-
stone. As the "feelers" or contact pins r₁₂ stand upon the periphery of the
glass, and thus offer to the grinding stone a firm support, keeping the same
continually equally distant from the periphery, the grinding is effected to a uniform
depth. Shortly before the eccentric E moves the glass forward, the disc e, raises
the fork and therewith the grinding stone, and the machine then runs idle. During
the operation of grinding, a jet of water is of course applied in order to prevent the
heating of the glass. While the glass and the grinding stone run idle the former
is so turned that the grindstone is at the next working movement presented to a
fresh working surface. When all the facets have been ground, which is effected
in the time required by the wheel T to make one revolution, then, the belt can be
thrown out of gear by any well known means and the apparatus be brought to a
standstill, in order to allow the operator to remove the finished glass from the
machine and to insert a fresh one to be ground in its place.
According to the shape of the stone, the facets may be made flat or hollow;
these facets may also be made to so alternate that the so-called "rows of olives
are produced upon the periphery, this ornamentation being effected by suitably
modifying the shape of the eccentrics E and e₁.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An automatic apparatus for grinding glass vessels of all kinds, provided
with an oscillating grinding dise; the distinctive feature of the apparatus
consisting in placing the glass vessel to be ground beneath the grinding disc
rectangularly to the axis of the latter, whilst two vibrating "feelers" or contact
pins rare, by the aid of a set screw a, so adjusted between the shaft or hub of
the grinding disc and the glass that the grinding is effected at an equal depth upon
the glass and exactly gauged to the profile of the generatrix line.
2. A constructional form of the grinding apparatus referred to in the preceding
claiming clause having this characteristic feature that the periodical ascending and
descending action of the grinding stone is produced by a two-armed lever Hand
an adjustable eccentric e₁ e2.
3. A constructional form of the grinding apparatus, referred to in the first
claiming clause having this characteristic feature that a toothed wheel T with
angular teeth, and a movable pin t are so arranged that the reciprocating motion
of the glass is utilized for displacing the surface of the glass.
Dated the 10th day of October 1806
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.