Improvements in Petroleum Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 1st Dec., 1899-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum Motors.
I, JOHN EBENEZER BOUSFIELD, of the Firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., The General
Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
by La Société P. Morisse & Cie., of Boulevard St. Michel, Etampes (Seine et
Qise) in the Republic of France, to be as follows:-
This invention relates to petroleum motors and comprises the improvements
hereinafter described.
The improved motor is of the four cycle type and comprises mainly
A horizontal cylinder adapted to be cooled by flanges or ribs, a piston; the
head of the cylinder which is also adapted to be cooled by ribs or flanges; valves,
connecting rod, crank, a main gear case, an auxiliary or secondary case enclosing
gear wheels and a cam; secondary transmission gear and the mechanism for con-
trollong the exhaust valve and the electric ignition gear.
The cylinder, in addition to the flanges which serve to secure it to the head
and to the main gear case by means of bolts carries twelve ribs or flanges which
are cast in one with it and are slightly larger in diameter than the above men-
tioned Hanges. It is also provided with four bosses or lugs to the first of which
is fitted any suitable sight feed lubricator, and to the second a cock or 'valve
through which spirit can be introduced to the piston or packing rings whilst the
third and fourth serve as points of attachment for the parts supporting the exhaust
levers. The cylinder also carries a horizontal foot or lug whereby it can be fixed
to a cross piece by means of a bolt.
The piston which is made as long as is compatible with efficiency is provided
near its bottom with thrée packing rings and at its centre in the interior with two
bosses through which extends the pivot of the connecting rod cross head which is
held in position by a pin.
The cylinder head which also serves as the valve box is of special form designed
to provide a large cooling surface and consisting of cylindrical or spherical
portions the shape of which enables the thickness of the metal employed in their
construction to be considerably diminished; the ribs or flanges with which they
are provided are advantageously about fourteen in number.
The suction valve has its seat in the lower part of a tube which is screwed
into the head and which when unscrewed enables access to be easily had to the
exhaust valve which has its seat in the valve box itself directly opposite. The
chambers of these valves are placed into communication with the carburetter and
the exhaust chamber respectively by two circular screw-threaded orifices. The
automatic admission valve is held upon its seat by a weak spring and the exhaust
valve by a spring acting upon a stirrup carried by a pin secured to the rod of
the said suction valve. An expansion of the gas inlet tube contains a series of
about six gauze sheets designed to prevent the passage of the flame into the
carburettor.
The head is also provided with a screw-threaded orifice in which the ignition
candle can be screwed and between the exhaust and suction orifices there is pro-

page_text: vided a small valve through which a small quantity of fresh air can enter the
cylinder at the moment the mixture is drawn into it.
The connecting rod has a large head with a cover and bearings of phosphor
bronze; it is jointed on the one hand through the medium of a socket, to the
pivot which passes through the piston and on the other hand to the crank pin.
The cover is held in position by two bolts, a nut, lock-nut and split pin.
A double crank shaft is advantageously employed the two cranks having curved
extensions so as to equilibrate the weight of the cranks proper and of the con-
necting rod. The main gear case is of aluminium bronze and quite tight;
it is formed of two parts connected together horizontally and secured to the
cylinder by four bolts. To avoid lateral displacement a rib formed on the cylinder
engages a corresponding recess in the case.
The two parts of the case are connected together by bolts and the bearings
in which the main shaft rotates are arranged for receiving oil projected from the
connecting rod; at the lower part a screw-threaded plug is provided for emptying
the case and at the upper part there is arranged a small ball valve. The case
also carries a boss to which is screwed a secondary case. The said case which is
of aluminium bronze, encloses the gear wheels for transmitting motion to the
valve ignition gear; one of the wheels is keyed upon the main shaft and the other
upon a small auxiliary shaft which also carries a cam for controlling the exhaust
valve and, outside the box, the ignition cam. These gear wheels run in an oil
bath.
The exhaust valve is controlled in the following manner, that is to say, the.
cam enclosed in the secondary case actuates a V-shaped block screwed to the
end of a cylindrical rod which passes with slight friction through the boss of
the case.
This rod is connected at its free end, through the medium of a fork
and a screw, to one end of a bell-crank lever fulcrummed on a pivot screwed into
a support bolted to the fourth of the above mentioned cylinder bosses. The
other end of the bell-crank lever is provided with a screw which bears against
the under part of a lever pivoted in the same manner as the bell-crank lever is
pivoted and the free end of which carries a screw which bears underneath the
valve rod. This lever is pressed downwards by a spring. This arrangement has
the advantage of giving a considerable lift to the exhaust valve although the pro-
jection or swell of the cam and consequently the displacement which it effects
is relatively small. Furthermore, as the lever, the end of which actuates the
said valve, is long the curve described by the end thereof is an are the radius of
which is of such a size that the small length of the arc passed through is practi-
cally a straight line thereby producing smooth movements.
Ignition is effected electrically by means of batteries or accumulators or by
an induction coil.
The inducing current is normally interrupted and the poles are only brought
into communication every two revolutions of the motor for a short interval.
This result is obtained by a cam keyed upon a counter shaft and which at the
desired moment raises a spring to which one of the wires is connected and which
comes into contact with a fixed stop connected to the other wire.
Dated the 9th dov of Wat 1000

page_text: Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
by La Société P. Morisse & Cie., of Boulevard St. Michel, Etampes (Seine et
Oise) in the Republic of France), and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to petroleum motors and comprises the improvements
hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a petroleum motor constructed according to
this invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same, and
Figures 3 and 4 are sections drawn to a larger scale on the lines A-B and
CD respectively of Figure 1.
The improved motor is of the four cycle type and comprises mainly
A horizontal cylinder adapted to be cooled by flanges or ribs, a piston, the
head of the cylinder which is also adapted to be cooled by ribs or flanges, valves,
connecting rod, crank, a main gear case, an auxiliary or secondary case enclosing
gear wheels and a cam, secondary transmission gear, the mechanism for control-
ling the exhaust valve, and the electric ignition gear.
The cylinder E, in addition to the flanges which serve to secure it to the head
and to the main gear case by means of bolts carries twelve ribs or flanges which
are cast in one with it and are slightly larger in diameter than the above mentioned
flanges. It is also provided with four bosses or lugs 1, 2, 3, 4 to the first of which
(1) is fitted any suitable sight feed lubricator 5, and to the second (2) a cock or
valve through which spirit can be introduced to the piston or packing rings
when required to dissolve the oil which may have become solidified thereon,
whilst the third and fourth serve as points of attachment for the parts supporting
the exhaust levers. The cylinder also carries a horizontal foot or lug whereby
it can be fixed to a cross piece by means of a bolt 6.
The piston which is made as long as is compatible with efficiency is provided
near its bottom with three packing rings and at its centre in the interior with two
bosses through which extends the pivot of the connecting rod cross head which
is held in position by a pin.
The cylinder head F which also serves as the valve box is of special form
designed to provide a large cooling surface and consisting of cylindrical or spheri-
cal portions the shape of which enables the thickness of the metal employed in
their construction to be considerably diminished, the ribs or flanges with which
they are provided are advantageously about fourteen in number.
The suction valve has its seat in the lower part of a valve plug 7 which is
screwed into the head and which when unscrewed enables access to be easily
had to the exhaust valve 8 which has its seat in the valve box itself directly op-
posite. The chambers of these valves are placed into communication with the
carburetter and the exhaust chamber respectively by two circular screw-threaded
orifices 9 and 10. The automatic admission valve is kept to its seat by a weak
spring 11, and the exhaust valve by a spring 12 acting upon a stirrup 13 carried
by a pin 14 secured to the stem of the said suction valve. An expansion of the
gas inlet tube contains a series of about six gauze sheets designed to prevent
the passage of the flame into the carburetter.
The head is also provided with a screw-threaded orifice in which the ignition
device can be screwed and between the exhaust and suction orifices there is pro-
vided a small valve 16 through which a small quantity of fresh air can enter the
cylinder at the moment the mixture is drawn into it.
The connecting rod has a large head with a cover and bearings of phosphor
bronze; it is jointed on the one hand through the medium of a socket, to the
pivot which passes through the piston and on the other hand to the crank pin.
The cover is held in position by two bolts, a nut, lock-nut and split pin.
The two arms of the crank 33 on the motor shaft are provided with curved
extensions so as to equilibrate the weight of the crank and of the connecting
rod. The main gear case G is of aluminium bronze and quite tight; it is formed

page_text: of two parts connected together horizontally and secured to the cylinder by four
bolts. To avoid lateral displacement a rib formed on the cylinder engages a
corresponding recess in the case.
T
**
The two parts of the case are connected together by bolts and the bearings 17
and 18 in which the main shaft rotates are arranged for receiving oil projected
from the connecting rod; at the lower part a screw-threaded plug 19 is provided
for emptying the case and at the upper part there is arranged a small ball
valve 20. The case also carries a boss to which is screwed a secondary case. The
said case H which is of aluminium bronze, encloses the gear wheels for trans-
mitting motion to the valves and ignition gear; one of wheels 21 is keyed upon
the main shaft and the other 22 upon a small auxiliary shafe 23 which also carries
a cam 24 for controlling the exhaust valve and, outside the box, the ignition
cam 25. These gear wheels run an oil bath.
The exhaust valve is controlled in the following manner, that is to say, the
cam enclosed in the secondary case actuates a block V screwed to the end of a
cylindrical rod 26 which passes with slight friction through the boss 27 of the
case. This rod is connected at its free end, through the medium of a fork.and
a screw, to one end of a bell-crank lever 28 fulcrummed on a pivot 29 screwed
into a support bolted to the fourth (4) of the above mentioned cylinder bosses.
The other end of the bell-crank lever is provided with a screw which bears against
the under part of a lever 30 pivoted at 31 in the same manner as the bell-crank
lever is pivoted at 29 and the free end of which carries a screw which bears
underneath the valve rod. This lever is pressed downwards by a spring 32.
This arrangement has the advantage of giving a considerable lift to the exhaust
valve although the projection or swell of the cam and consequently the displace-
ment which it effects is relatively small, Furthermore, as the lever 30, the end
of which actuates the said valve, is long the curve described by the end thereof
is an are the radius of which is of such a size that the small length of the arc
passed through is practically a straight line thereby producing smooth movements.
Ignition is effected electrically by means of batteries or accumulators or by
an induction coil.
The inducing current is normally interrupted and the poles are only brought
into communication every two revolutions of the motor for a short interval.
This result is obtained by a cam keyed upon a counter shaft and which at the
desired moment raises a spring to which one of the wires is connected and which
comes into contact with a fixed stop connected to the other wire.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
A petroleum motor constructed as described and illustrated in the accompany-
ing drawing and comprising essentially the mechanism for controlling the ex-
haust valve by the end of a long lever upon which acts at an intermediate point
a lever actuated by a rod operated by a cam driven from the crank shaft of the
motor the said arrangement increasing the lift of the exhaust valve making the
path through which the end of the long operating lever moves practically a
straight line.
·
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.”