IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURe OF WELDED IRON OR STEEL TUBES, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Peyton, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURe
OF WELDED IRON OR STEEL TUBES, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN BUCH MANUFACTURE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Peyton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th May 1870.
I, EDWARD PEYTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WELDED IRON AND STEEL TUBES, AND IN THE MEANS OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
Hitherto welded iron or steel tubes have only been made of round or
oval sectional forms, and my Invention has for its object the manu-
facture of welded iron tubes of various sectional forms, except those
of round or oval, whereby welded iron or steel tubes of an ornamental
character are produced suitable for being employed in the construction:

page_text: of bedsteads, ornamental gates, fences, balconies, or other similar
structures, gas or water tubes or pipes, or for other purposes, where it is
desired to impart an ornamental character to such tubes or pipes.
In order to manufacture a welded iron or steel tube in accordance
with my improvements, I first proceed to manufacture a welded iron
tube in the ordinary manner, the section of which is round or oval, and
the method I prefer to employ consists in first welding a rod of iron
on to one end of a strip of iron or steel for the intended tube for the
draw pliers to grip during the subsequent operations in forming the
tube; such rod also serving as a handle for the workman to move it
about as required. The strip is then heated in a suitable furnace, and
when at a proper heat is drawn through a bell-mouthed die in order to
form the skelp ready for welding. It is then placed in the furnace
again and raised to a welding heat, when it is drawn through another
and smaller bell-mouthed die, by which the welding together of the
longitudinal joint is effected. The tube thus formed of round or oval
section, as is well understood, and to the formation of which I make no
claim, is again heated and then drawn through a bell-mouthed shaping
die or dies to impart the desired form to the tube, the interior circum-
ference of the die through which the tube is last drawn being of
similar shape or contour to that of the external sectional shape of the
finished tube it is intended to produce. The passage through the bell-
mouthed shaping die or dies, is slightly conical, and in cases where the
tube requires much alteration from its original round form I prefer to
pass it through several successive shaping dies in order to reduce it
gradually to the sectional shape required, the shape of the successive
dies gradually approximating to the shape of the finished tube..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Peyton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th November 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
PEYTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, send greeting:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty, Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Edward Peyton, Her special licence that I,
the said Edward Peyton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Peyton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WELDED IRON OR STEEL TUBES, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
SUCH MANUFACTURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Peyton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Peyton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Hitherto welded iron or steel tubes have only been made of round,
oval, or square sectional forms, and my Invention has for its object
the manufacture of welded iron or steel tubes of various sectional forms,
except those of round, oval, or square, whereby welded iron or steel
tubes of an ornamental character and of great strength are produced
suitable for being employed in the construction of bedsteads, ornamental
gates, fences, balconies, or other similar structures, gas or water tubes
or pipes, or for other purposes where it is desired to impart an
ornamental character and greater strength to such tubes or pipes.
Welded iron or steel tubes drawn with grooved, fluted, reeded, or ribbed
surfaces in accordance with my Invention, in addition to being orna-
mental are of very superior strength, for I find in practice that without
increasing the weight or cost of manufacturing such tubes as compared
with solid iron they can be drawn of any desired sectional form, so that
for any particular purpose or situation for which they are required just
that sectional shape can be employed which will give the greatest

page_text: strength by reason of its being of the proper sectional form best
calculated to resist the particular strain to which it may be sub-
jected.
In order to manufacture a welded iron or steel tube in accordance
with my improvements I first proceed to manufacture a welded iron
tube in the ordinary manner, the section of which is round, oval, or
square, and the method I prefer to employ consists in first welding a rod
of iron on to one end of a strip of iron or steel for the intended tube for
the draw pliers to grip during the subsequent operations in forming the
tube, such rod also serving as a handle for the workman to move it
about with as required. The strip is then heated in a suitable furnace,
and when at a proper heat is drawn through a bell-mouthed die in order
to form the skelp ready for welding. It is then placed in the furnace
again, and raised to a welding heat, when it is drawn through another
and smaller bell-mouthed die by which the welding together of the
longitudinal joint is effected. The tube thus formed of round, oval, or
square section, as is well understood, and to the formation of which I
make no claim, is again heated, and then drawn through a bell-mouthed
shaping die or dies of hardened steel or chilled cast iron to impart the
desired form to the tube, the interior circumference of the die through
which the tube is last drawn being of similar shape or contour to that of
the external sectional shape of the finished tube it is intended to
produce. The passage through the bell-mouthed shaping die or dies
is slightly conical, and in cases where the tube requires much altera-
tion from its original round, oval, or square form, I prefer to pass it
through several successive shaping dies in order to reduce it gradually to
the sectional shape required, the shape of the successive dies gradually
approximating to the shape of the finished tube.
The flutes, grooves,
or ribs may for some purposes be formed in the skelp or strip of metal
employed for forming tubes in accordance with my Invention before
being drawn and welded, the die or dies through which such tubes are
last drawn corresponding in form with the section of the finished tube.
By this means welded iron or steel tubes may be formed with longi-
tudinal flutes, grooves, flanges, or ribs, so as to impart an ornamental
character thereto, at the same time possessing great strength with com-
parative lightness,
.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of carrying the same into practice, what I claim is the manufacture
of welded iron or steel tubes formed with longitudinal flutes, grooves, or

page_text: ribs by drawing through successive dies similar to or corresponding in
form with the sectional form of the tube required, substantially as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Peyton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
THO'. R. HARRISON,
Birmingham.
EDWARD PEYTON. (L.s.)