Improvements in Apparatus for Use in Administering Anæsthetics.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1895
'Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Use in Administering Anæsthetics.
1, CHARLES AUGUST TESKE, of 6 Moore Street, Cadogan Street, Chelsea,
London, Surgical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
My improvements in apparatus for use in administering anæsthetics relate,
first, to the inhaling mask covering the mouth and nose of the patient, and have
for object to enable it to be packed in a more compact and convenient form for
cleaning and transport, to provide a respiration indicator which is operative in any
position of the patient, is dismountable for cleaning, and may be sterilized or
rendered aseptic.
The mask is made of vulcanite and of the usual approximately hemispherical
form but is constructed in two parts hinged together and fitting the one in the
other so as to make an air tight circumferential joint, the purpose of thus making
it being to enable it to be opened out and packed in a flatter and more convenient
compass for carrying.
The respiration indicator is contained in a case which has a bezel adapted to be
sprung into the aperture at the front of the mask so as to fit tight and be readily
removable whilst admitting of being turned round in its seat as required,
according as the patient's head is lying on one side or the other. The indicator
consists of a needle oscillating over a dial marked with indications denoting. when
the lungs are full and empty, the needle being on the arbor of a fan contained
within a cage at the rear of the dial and open to the interior of the mask,
circumferential apertures being provided at the front part of the case for the
ingress and egress of air. In order that the fan may respond to the slightest
respiration, its arbor is mounted in jewelled holes and the fan is made of aluminium,
for the sake of lightness, the whole indicator and its casing being made of material
not acted on by. the antiseptic in, which the indicator is to be dipped in order to
sterilize it.
.
In order that the patient's breath, which would condense on the glass cover, and
obscure the dial, shall be excludedi from the space in which the needle works; and
yet admit of the antiseptic, which would unavoidably enter, being drained off, a
disc may be. pivoted in rear of the dial and act as a shutter to cover apertures
therein.
My improvements relate, secondly, to the reservoir from which the anesthetic
vapour is supplied to the mask and has for its object to simplify and render more
convenient the means of filling the receptacle and controlling the inlet and, outlet
passages so that the latter may be opened and closed simultaneously and liability
of leakage in transport avoided.
The improvements consist, first, in a combined stopper and cock, controlling both
the: inlet and outlet. passages, the stopper being adapted to act as the plug of a
two-way cock turning in a seat in the mouth of the vessel, the plug. being provided
with ports which when the plug is turned in its seat establish connection the one
between the air inlet pipe and the inner of two concentric tubes dipping into the
receptacle and the other between the outer or exit tube and the outlet pipe
connected to the mask. The plug.is securely retained in its seat by a sort of
bayonet connection formed by a notched lug on the head of the plug engaging
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page_text: the lip of the filling mouth of the vessel which is notched to permit the withdrawal
of the plug for filling.
The improvements further consist in providing a vent valve for permitting the
escape of the air from the vessel when filling, said valve being self-opening when
the plug is withdrawn from, and closed when it is returned to, its seat. For this
purpose the valve is attached to a rod which extends down alongside the
concentric inlet and outlet dip tubes and up again within the inner tube to such a
height as to be pressed upon by the inner end of the plug in order to close the
vent valve upon its seat, the valve rod being formed either within or without the
dip tube, with a spring coil or coils which by their elasticity ensure the closure
of the vent valve by, allowing it to bed firmly on its seat before the plug is
quite home.
Dated this 21st day of January 1895.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements in Apparatus for Use in Administering Anæsthetics.
I, CHARLES AUGUST TESKE, of 6, Moore Street, Cadogan Street, Chelsea,
London, Surgical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My improvements in apparatus for use in administering anesthetics relate, first,
to the inhaling mask covering the mouth and nose of the patient, and have for
object to enable the mask to be packed in a more compact and convenient form
for transport and to provide the mask with a respiration indicator which may be
adjusted to suit the position of the patient's head, may be dismounted for cleaning,
and may be sterilized or rendered aseptic.
My improvements relate, secondly, to the chloroform bottle or reservoir from
which the chloroform vapour is supplied to the mask, and have for object to
simplify, and render more convenient, the means of filling the receptacle with
chloroform and of controlling the air inlet passage and the air and vapour outlet
passage so that the two passages may be opened and closed simultaneously by a
single cock, whereby liability of leakage in transport, through one of the passages
being accidentally left open, is avoided.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, wherein
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved mask, partly broken away to shew
the respiration indicator fitted therein and other details of construction.
Figure 2 is a rear view of the respiration indicator casing.
Figure 3 is a face view of the indicator dial provided with a single index hand.
Figure 4 is a face view, and Figure 5 a vertical section, of a respiration
indicator having three hauds for denoting the fact and indicating the phase of
respiration.
Figure 6 is an elevation of the chloroform bottle, and
Figure 7 is a sectional view of the cap, shewing the inlet and outlet cock, tubes,
and vent valve, separate from the bottle.
The same letters of reference denote like parts in all the figures.
Referring to Figures 1 to 5, the mask is made of vulcanite and of the usual
approximately hemispherical form but is constructed of two separable parts a, b,
which may either be hinged together, as at c, or may be wholly separable and
connected together by a bayonet or other fastening. The two parts a, b, fit together
so as to make an air-tight circumferential joint, as at d, the purpose of making the

page_text: mask of separable parts being to enable them to be packed side by side in a case
which is flatter and of more convenient compass for carrying than would be the
case were the mask made of, one piece.
The respiration indicator is contained in a case which has a bezel and is
adapted to fit in and over the circular aperture at the front of the mask so as to
make a tight joint and yet be readily removable, whilst admitting of being turned
round circularly in its seat as may be required, in order to bring the wording on
the dial right way up according as the patient's head is lying on the one side or the
other, the indicator being, moreover, operative even when the patient is face
downwards. The indicator consists of a fan f contained within the cage-like
casing e at the rear of the dial k, the cage e being open to the interior of the mask,
and the fan having oblique blades so that it revolves first in the one and then in
the other direction under the influence of the inspiratory and expiratory currents,
its motion and direction being denoted by an index i which is caused to oscillate
between stopsjover the dial k which is marked with indications denoting the
phases of respiration.
In Figures 1 and 3 the index i is mounted directly on the fan arbor / in which
case it has comparatively long periods of rest and except when actually in motion
it only indicates the direction of the last respiratory current rather than the fact
that respiration is actually in progress. But in Figures 4 and 5 the index i is
geared down by a train of wheels and pinions mounted between the dial k and a
second dial m, and actuated from the fan arbor I so that the fan continues to revolve
and the index i to oscillate throughout the phases of respiration. As in this case
the motion of the index i may be so slow that the fact that respiration is actually
in progress may not be ascertainable by a casual glance. I provide the fan arbor i,
or the arbor n of one of the intermediate wheels, (or both), with supplementary
index hands o, p, which move over the dial m and by their rapid rotation enable
In either
the fact that respiration is actually going on to be readily ascertained.
case the index hand or hands would be protected from injury by a glass cover.
The part
of the mask is provided with a nipple and inlet passage for
chloroform
flexible tube, with the
connection, by a
bottle when that
anæsthetic is to be used and the casing of the respiration indicator is provided
with a lateral nozzler which forms the respiratory inlet and outlet, or to which
the ether bag would be connected when that anaesthetic is being administered.
In order that the fan may respond to the slightest respiration, its arbor may be
mounted in jewelled holes like those of a watch and the fan is made of aluminium
for the sake of lightness, the whole indicator and its casing being made of material
not acted on by the antiseptic in which the indicator is to be dipped in order to
sterilize it.
Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, the improvements in the chloroform bottle
consist, first, in a combined stopper and cock controlling both the inlet and outlet
passages, the stopper s being adapted to act as the plag of a two-way cock turning
in a seat t carried by the screw cap which closes the mouth of the vessel, the
plugs being provided with ports s¹, s2, which when the plug is turned so that they
coincide with ports in the seat t, shewn by dotted lines in Figure 6, establish
connection the one s', between the air inlet pipe u and the inner one of two
concentric tubes v, w, carried by the screw cap and dipping into the bottle and the
others, between the outer tube w and the outlet pipe a connected to the mask.
The combined stopper and plugs is securely retained in its seat by a sort of
bayonet connection formed by a notched lug y', on the wing-head y by means of
which the plug is turned, engaging the lip, of the filling mouth of the bottle,
this lip being notched, as at 2, to permit the disengagement of the lug y', in order
that the plugs may be withdrawn for filling the bottle through the funnel z,
stopper seat t, and tube v.
The improvements further consist in providing a vent-valve 1 on the screw cap
for permitting the escape of the air from the vessel when filling it through the
stopper seat as above mentioned, said valve being self-opening when the plugs is

page_text: withdrawn and, being closed by the act of returning the stopper to its seat. For
this purpose the valve 1..is attached to a rod. 2 which extends down alongside the
inlet and outlet dip tubes v, w, and up again within the inner tube to such a
height that the end of its upwardly.directed member will be pressed upon by the
end of the plug & for, the purpose of closing the vent-valve 1 upon its seat. "The
valve rod 2 passes through a guide 3 on the tube which also forms the abutment
for a spiral spring 4 whereby the valve 1 is opened when the stopper s is withdrawn.
The bend 5 of the rod 2 slides in a guide notch, in the lower end of the tube v and
the upwardly directed end of the rod 2 bears against the inner side of the tube v
so as not to foul the central inlet port in the lower end of the stopper. In order
to ensure the closure of the. vent-valve it is made to close before the plugs is quite
home injits seat and to admit of this the rod 2 has one or more bends 6 which act
like spring coils to give elasticity to the valve rod 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The herein described anæsthetic-inhaling mask constructed of two separable
parts, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. The herein described respiration indicator, for an anesthetic inhaler, consisting
essentially of a fan driven by the respiratory currents and actuating one or more
indexes, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. The combination, with an anesthetic-inhaler mask, of a respiration indicator
consisting of a rotating fan actuating an index or indexes, as described, and
contained in a casing mounted adjustably and detachably at the front of the inhaler
mask, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
4. In a chloroform bottle, the combination, with the inlet and outlet passages
and dipping tubes, of a combined stopper and cock turning in a ported seat and
provided with ports whereby the inlet and outlet passages are opened and closed
simultaneously, as specified.
5. The combination, with the combined stopper and cock, of the means,
substantially as described, whereby it is securely, retained in its seat and its
rotation and withdrawal are permitted when required.
6. The combination, with the combined stopper and cock, of a vent-valve
adapted to be self-opening on the removal of the stopper and to be closed by the
insertion of the stopper in its seat, substantially as specified.
Dated this 21st day of October 1895.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
:
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents..
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
: 53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents..