Improvements in Wrought Metal Tubes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1893-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wrought Metal Tubes.
I, JOHN SPENCER, of Globe Tube Works, Wednesbury, in the County of
Stafford, Tube Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to
be as follows:-
My invention, has for its object improvements in wrought metal tubes both
when permanently fixed to fast flanges sockets or other ends and when not so
fixed. In the case of metal tubes in which the flanges have been welded thereto
the weakest part has always been immediately behind the flange. One object of
my invention is to meet this difficulty. In the case of tubes which enter the
tube plates of boilers and which are not welded to the said tube plates an
internal ferrule has been used to keep the tube tight up to the tube plates in
which case it has been desirable to have a circulation. of air between the ferrules
and the tube and this has permitted a contraction of the tube from its
flanges or tube plates which has been injurious. The second modification of my
improvement is intended to meet this difficulty. My invention is as follows:-
In metal tubes in which the flanges are welded on I take a pipe having the
ends thickened up to a larger outer circumference than the pipe which extra
thickness of metal is carried sufficiently far along the pipe to project beyond the
thickness of the flange so that when the flange is welded on to this thickened
portion a fillett being thus formed at the angle between the flange and pipe
thereby converting that part which has been the weakest into the strongest
part of the pipe. In place of using a pipe which is thickened up I may form
the fillett on the flange so as to strengthen the pipe immediately in rear of the
flange.
In the case of tubes which are not welded into the said flanges or tube plates
I provide a ferrule for expanding the pipe and fixing it firmly in the said tube
plate and as it is desirable that there should be a circulation of air between the
said ferrule and tube I corrugate the ferrule with longitudinal corrugations so
that the outer edges of the corrugations serve to expand the end of the tube
while the inner edges form grooves within which the air is contained. The
corrugations may not be carried to the extreme end of the ferrule which may be
plain thus preventing the gases from entering into the internal grooves of the
corrugations and a cap may be formed at the outer end of the ferrule and be
turned over or so formed as to cover the outer edge of the joint between the
tube and plate.
Dated this 27th day of October 1892.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wrought Metal Tubes.
I, JOHN SPENCER, of Globe Tube Works Wednesbury, in the County of
Stafford, Tube Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvements in wrought metal tubes both when
permanently fixed to fast flanges, sockets, or other ends and when not so fixed.
In the case of metal tubes in which the flanges have been welded thereto the
ID 031

page_text: weakest part has always been immediately behind the flanges. One object of
my invention is to meet this difficulty. In the case of tubes which enter the
tube plates of boilers and which are not welded to the said tube plates an internal
ferrule has been used to keep the tube tight up to the tube plates in which case
it has been desirable to have a circulation of air between the ferrules and the
tube and this has permitted a contraction of the tube from its flanges or tube
plates which has been injurious. The second modification of my improvement is
intended to meet this difficulty. My invention is as follows:-
In metal tubes in which the flanges are welded on I take a pipe having the
ends thickened up to a larger outer circumference than the pipe which extra
thickness of metal is carried sufficiently far along the pipe to project beyond the
thickness of the flange so that when the flange is welded on to this thickened
portion a fillett is thus formed at the angle between the flange and pipe thereby
converting that part which has been the weakest into the strongest part of the
pipe. In place of using a pipe which is thickened up may form the fillett on
the flange so as to strengthen the pipe immediately in rear of the flange.
In the case of tubes which are not welded into the said flanges or tube plates
I provide a ferrule for expanding the pipe and fixing it firmly in the said tube
plate as it is desirable that there should be a circulation of air between the
said ferrule and tube. I corrugate the ferrule with longitudinal corrugations so
that the outer edge of the corrugations serve to expand the end of the tube
while the inner edges form grooves within which the air is contained. The
corrugations may not be carried to the extreme end of the ferrule which may
be plain thus preventing the gases from entering into the internal grooves of
the corrugations and a cap may be formed at the outer end of the ferrule and
be turned over or so formed as to cover the outer edge of the joint between the
tube and plate.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto a double sized sheet of drawings, upon
which is illustrated in nine figures such examples as will enable others to carry
it into practice.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a socket pipe made according
to my invention.
Figure 2 is a section of bar of iron or steel as it comes from the rolls for producing
the socket part B.
Figure 3 is an alternative section of iron or steel for making the sockets.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the socket part B and the
pipe A brought together ready for finishing the finished pipe being shewn by
Figure 1.
Figure 5 shews a flanged pipe ready for finishing with the two parts A and B
brought together.
Figure 6 shews the same in elevation finished.
Figure 7 shews a modification of Figure 5.
Figure 8 shews Figure 7 finished as in modification of Figure 6.
Figure 9 is the pipe or tube ferrule.
Upon the drawings A is the pipe or tube body part which may be either lap
or butt welded as this forms no part of my present invention. The socket part
is made from any such section of iron as is seen at Figures 2 and 3. The bars
are then cut in suitable lengths and curled into a circle. The two ends being
welded it is placed upon the tube or pipe A as seen at Figure 4 and is then
welded with and fastened into a finished state as seen at Figure 1. The advan-
tage of this mode of manufacture is that in wrought iron or steel the fibre of
the metal runs around the socket B and it can be made thicker than the bead b
formed thereon which two unite to make it strong whereas when the socket is
formed by enlarging the end of the tube A the metal is thinner just where it is
required to be the thickest. The flanges B are first made as seen in section at
Figures 5 and 7 with the bend or projecting part & formed thereon. The two

page_text: being brought together as seen at Figure 5 it is then welded and fastened as
seen finished at Figure 6 by such tools as are the subject of my previous Patent
No. 17461 A.D. 1892. When it is desired to only partly face the flange in a lathe
I allow the body part A to project through the flange E as seen at a¹ in rough
at Figure 7 and finished at Figure 8 that is to say the projecting part a' only
is in that case faced in the lathe.
The ferrules are illustrated by Figure 9 in perspective and scarcely require
description but I may say that the outward corrugations and inwards ones ³
may be of any size or depth to suit the purpose. Also the corrugations may
run diagonally or spirally with similar effect. The end may be flanged over as
shewn at or not, and the corrugations may not run the entire length of the
ferrule. All the parts of either the ferrules or pipes may be made from any
suitable metal for the purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in wrought metal tubes herein set forth and as shewn
upon the drawings by Figures 1 to 9 inclusive.
2nd. Forming the sockets and flanges of wrought metal tubes so as to produce a
substantial junction of the two parts A and B as and for the purpose herein set forth
and as shewn upon the drawings.
3rd. Forming corrugated tubes or ferrules as herein described and as shown by
Figure 9 upon the drawings.
Dated this 27th day of July 1893.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.