AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING COCKS FOR GAS AND LIQUIDS
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 6th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1887.
I. GEORGE KISSAM COOKE of 74 & 75 Cow Cross Street London E.C. Metal Worker
and manufacturer of metal and India rubber goods do hereby declare the nature of
my invention for AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING COCKS FOR GAS AND LIQUIDS
to be as follows:-
I press or stamp out of Brass or other suitable metal a thin Conical casing smooth
and regular inside and one like another, a suitable mould having been constructed to
produce the required shape of a gas or liquid cock without the plug. The metal casing
referred to and in which the plug is to work or turn is placed therein in proper
position and suitable molten metal to form this part of the cock is poured into the
mould and around the casing filling the mould but not the casing or bushing which is
left open to receive the plug. The casing or bushing being of uniform size requires
but little labour to produce a gas or liquid-tight joint, when the plug is fitted in it.
The plugs I cast of uniform size in a suitable metal in a properly constructed mould
which delivers them in such condition that they require but little labour to-make them
fit the casing or bushing accurately.

page_text: 1, GEORGE KISSAM COOKE, of 74 and 75, Cowcross Street, in the county of
Middlesex, Metal Worker and Manufacturer of Metal and India rubber goods, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the manufacture of cocks for gas and liquids.
In carrying out my invention I press or stamp out of brass or other suitable metal a
thin conical casing or bushing smooth and regular inside. A suitable mould having
been constructed to produce the required shape of a gas or liquid cock (without the
plug), the metal casing herein before referred to, and in which the plug is intended to
work or turn, is placed upon a mandril and supported therein in proper position, and
suitable molten metal, to form this part of the cock, is then poured into the mould and
flows around the outside of the conical casing and fills the mould but leaves the
interior of the casing or bushing clear and free to receive the plug. The casings or
bushings are all of uniform size and shape and consequently but little labour is
required to produce a gas or liquid-tight joint when the plugs are being fitted into
them. The plugs I cast also of uniform size of a suitable metal in a properly con-
structed mould which delivers them in such condition that but little labour is required
to make them fit the casings or bushings accurately.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawings in which figure 1 is a side
elevation of a conical casing or bushing used for lining the bodies or barrels of
liquid cocks according to my invention; figures 2 and 3 are end elevations, and
gas and
figure 4 is a longitudinal section of the same; figures 5 and 6 are respectively a front
elevation and a side elevation of one half of a mould suitable for casting the body of a
gas cock according to my invention; figures 7 and 8 are vertical and horizontal
sections respectively of the same; figures 9, 10 and 11 are elevations of metallic cores
or mandrils used in conjunction with the mould illustrated in figures 5 to 8; figure 12
is a front elevation of the said half mould with the conical casing or bushing and the
cores or mandrils in the positions they occupy respectively when making a cock;
figuré 13 is a plan of the complete mould ready-for the molten metal to be run
therein; figure 14 is a longitudinal vertical section of a gas cock manufactured by the
mould shewn in figure 13, with the sprue attached; figure 15 is an elevation of the
same after the sprue has been removed figure 16 is a side elevation of part of a mould
for casting plugs for gas cocks, the bodies or barrels of which are cast in the mould
shewn in figure 13; figure 17 is a front end elevation of the same, the parts being in
the position they occupy previous to pouring in the molten metal; figure 18 is a
similar view shewing the position occupied by the parts when removing a plug there-
from; figures 19 and 20 are respectively a side elevation and an end elevation of a

page_text: plate and core used in conjunction with the mould illustrated in figures 16, 17 and 18:
figure 21 is a side elevation of the said mould with the plate and core applied thereto
and ready for the pouring in of the molten metal figure 22 is a side elevation of a
plug (with the sprue attached) manufactured by the mould shewn in figure 21;
figure 23 is a side elevation and figures 24 and 25 are end elevations of the plug with
the sprue removed; figure 26 is a longitudinal vertical section of the barrel of a cock
made according to my invention and fitted for use as a self-lighting gas cock :
figure 27 is an elevation of the plug of the same; figure 28 is a plan of figure 27 ;
figure 29 is a vertical section of the complete self-lighting gas cock. Similar letters
of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.
a, is the thin conical casing or bushing which I press or stamp out of brass or other
suitable metal, the larger end being filed or otherwise cut away obliquely as shewn
clearly at figures 1 and 4, to allow the stop pin of the plug to work freely; b, represents
one half and c, figure 13, represents the other half of the mould of the shape to produce
the gas or liquid cock without the plug and in which the conical casing or bushing is
placed in order to be subsequently surrounded by the metal which constitutes the body
of the barrel part of the cock; d, e, f, g, and h, are semi-circular grooves formed in
each part b, and e, of the mould for receiving metallic cores or mandrils i, j, k, l,
and m, respectively, as shewn clearly in figure 12, these said cores or mandrils being
employed to form the necessary passages in the cock; n, m, n, n, figures 9 to 13, are
wooden or equivalent handles fitted on to the metallic cores or mandrils i, k, l, and m,
to allow of their being at all times readily removed or adjusted; o, figures 5 and 12,
represents a semicircular groove constituting one half of the "gate" through which
the molten metal is poured into the inould p, figures 6, 7, 8, and 13, represents a
block screwed to the back or part 6, of the mould and by means of which the said
mould can be secured in a vice or other suitable support, figure 13, is a handle, of
wood or other equivalent non-conducting material, secured to the part e, of the mould
so that it can readily be removed from the part b, even when the mould is very hot :
,,,, are holes formed in the part 6, for the reception of pins (not shewn on the
drawings) secured in the part c, so as to allow of the parts b, and e, of the mould
fitting accurately together.
B
In arranging the herein before described mould preparatory to casting a cock
according to my invention, a conical casing or bushing «, formed as hereinbefore
described is passed over the core or mandril k, figure I, which is then laid in or
passed endwise into the mould into the position shown at figure 12, this position being
determined by the pin s, engaging with a groove or recess formed in the edge of the
mould 6.
A screwed tube t, similar to the brass tube of an ordinary "Bray's" bat's-
wing burner is passed over the end of the core or mandril m, figure 9, part of the same
entering an annular recess u, represented in dotted lines at figures 9 and 12. The
core or mandril m, with the tube t, thereon, is then placed in the mould as shewn in
figure 12, in which position it is retained by means of a wire (not shown on the
drawings) which is passed through a hole formed in the mould c, and into a hole or
recess c. The metallic cores i, j, and 1, are then inserted as shewn in figure 12, into
their respective passages d, e, and y, figure 5, and the mould is then ready for
receiving the molten metal to form this part of the cock and which is poured therein
through the gate o. The metal will surround the conical casing or bushing a, which
thereby becomes permanently retained in the barrel of the cock as shewn in figure 14,
as also does the tube t, in a similar manner, and the molten metal having flowed
around the cores i, j, l, and m, the passages wc, c, y, and z, are formed. These passages
are subsequently made to communicate with or extend to the interior of the conical
casing or bushing a, which, for this purpose, is drilled in the manner shewn at
figure 26, in which figure the passage (figure 14) is represented as fitted with a
tube a', the passage y (which through a branch 6, (figure 26), communicates with the
interior of the casing a,) being provided with a screw c', for the purpose hereinafter
explained.
:
I also introduce in any suitable manner a thin tube to, of brass or other suitable

page_text: metal, into the passage, for the purpose of strengthening this part of the cock and
lessening the liability of the same to melt.
Figures 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28 and 29 illustrate the stages of manufacture of the
plug d, which I cast of suitable metal in the mould represented at figures 16 to 21,
the said plug when it is first taken out of the mould being in the condition in which it
is shown at figure 22, so that but a small amount of labour is required to make it fit
the casing or bushing, accurately; e', is the body of the mould in which the conical
portion of the plug, is cast are two plates hinged or pivotted at B to the
face of the part e, and which can be brought together in the manner shewn at
figure 17 for the purpose of casting the reduced part or neck y, of the plug, and
opened outwards as shewn at figure 18 for allowing the casting to be removed there-
from; (figure 16) is a hole in the part et in which a metal core is inserted, as
shewn in figure 17, for forming the transverse hole j¹, the said core being preferably
fitted into a handle &, (a portion only of which is shewn in the said figure 17) of wood
or other non-conducting material; P, is a core by which the hole or recess m!,
(figures 22 and 25) is formed in the smaller end of the conical plug d¹, which core is
caused to slide longitudinally by means of a lever, when required to force the
finished casting out from the mould. The lever n, is pivotted by a pin », to a
bracket which, by means of screws, is secured to the back of the mould is
the "gate" through which the molten metal is poured into the mould;,, are holes
formed in the mould, and through the pivotted plates "/", for the reception
of pins on a plate (figures 19 and 20) and ',, are pins secured to the
plates for engaging with recesses, in the plate, in the manner shewn in
figure 21, for the purpose of locking the plates in the position shewn in
figure 17, previous to pouring the molten metal info the mould. The plate e', is
provided with a wooden or equivalent handle ², to enable the same to be readily
removed from and replaced upon the mould, is a pin secured to the plate wl, and
forms the core by which the hole (figures 22, 23, and 24,) is formed in the plug d¹,
and ', is a recess in the said plate for forming the projection 2, (figures 22, 23
and 24) upon the plug casting.
:
After the plug has been cast in the said mould and ejected therefrom by operating
the lever and sliding core 1, a portion of the sprue C (figure 22) is removed and
the remaining portion, as shewn at figure 23, is shaped to form the stop C', of the
plug. The hole y', is then screw-threaded to adapt it to receive a screw 2 by which a
wooden or equivalent knob or handle ², (figures 27, 28 and 29) is secured to the
plug d
a portion of an annular groove d², is then formed in the plug d, as shewn in
figures 27 and 28; e, is a helical groove which connects the groove with the hole.
The hole m', is then screw-threaded for the reception of the screw e (figure 29) which
secures the cap ", against the end of the plug d, and between which cap and the end
of the conical casing or bushing a, a spiral spring g², bears in such a manner as to
always tend to draw the plug d, farther into the casing a ², is a short tube screwed
on to the
upper end of the gas cock and into the upper end of which is screwed, the
gas burner is a lantern which protects the jet of gas which is constantly kept
burning at the upper end of the tube a'. By moving the screw e, in or out and thus,
to a greater or less extent closing the communication between the passages, and,
the size of the said jet is regulated. When the plug ', is turned so as to cut off the
supply of gas from the burner, a comparatively small quantity of gas passes by way
of the passages y, and b, and groove d², to the tube a', at the upper end of which it
will be kept burning so long as the plug d, is in such position. While the plug d
is being-turned-to-place the burner, in communication with the gas supply and
immediately before the plug reaches this position, the supply of gas to the small jet
or pilot burner a¹, is increased so that the flame of the same is extended upwards
and ignites the gas which is then issuing from the burner. When the full supply
of gas has been fully turned on to the burner P, the supply to the pilot burner is
cut off owing to the end of the groove d², having been turned past the inner end of
the tube a¹, the plug d, being then in the position shown in figure 27. The before

page_text: mentioned temporary increase in the supply of gas to the pilot burner a', is due to
the passage, being of a diameter greater than that of the passage w, so that the gas
is admitted through the hole, and passes by way of the grooves e, and d², to the
pilot burner a', before it is allowed to escape through the burner. When the supply
of gas is being cut off from the burner, the supply of gas is turned on to the pilot
burner a', and extending upwards, becomes ignited from the burner, the supply to
which is then completely cut off, while the supply to the pilot burner being only
partially cut off, the jet thereof is kept burning.
I have described and shewn my invention as applied to the manufacture of a gas
cock suitable for a self-lighting gas burner; its application to the manufacture of gas
and liquid cocks of other forms will be well understood without further description.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
:-
1. The manufacture of cocks for gas and liquids by casting the barrel or body
thereof from a suitable soft metal on or around a thin conical casing or bushing in a
suitable mould substantially as herein before described.
2. A cock for gas or liquids consisting of a thin conical casing or bushing on or
around which is cast the barrel or body and of a suitable plug as hereinbefore
described.
3. The use in the manufacture of cocks for gas and liquids of the moulds herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.