IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND REMOVING THE DUST PRODUCED IN Carding FlaX, HEMP, OR OTHER FIBROUS Materials
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick William Borland, of Flixecourt, in the
Department of the Somine, France, for an Invention of "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND REMOVING THE DUST PRODUCED IN
Carding FlaX, HEMP, OR OTHER FIBROUS Materials."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick William Borland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1881.
FREDERICK WILLIAM BORLAND, of Flixecourt, in the Department of the
Somme, France. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND REMOVING THE
DUST PRODUCED IN CARDING FLAX, HEMP, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
The object of my Invention is to effect the collection and removal of the dust
produced in carding flax, hemp, or other fibrous materials.
My Invention consists in applying a special ventilating arrangement to carding
engines and constructing them in such a manner that the dust will be carried away
to the outside of the mill during the carding operation.
According to my Invention I completely encase the periphery of the card
cylinder and its rollers from the top down to the floor, and I connect the back of
the card cylinder with an air chamber. This air chamber is fitted with an exhaust
fan worked by a strap from the main cylinder shaft or otherwise.
The moment the card is set to work the fan will create a vacuum inside the air
chamber and the casing of the card cylinder. The air outside the casing will rush
in through the several openings that necessarily exist and travel round the
cylinder carrying along with it through an opening left for the purpose in the
air chamber the dust which it meets in its course, and passing thence to the fan
by which it is blown through a pipe or trunk to the outside of the mill or
elsewhere.

page_text: I cause the suction power of the fan to be divided so that there will not be too
strong a current of air in one place; I effect this division of the draught by a
plate so arranged that should any fibres be carried towards the fan they will strike
the plate and remain in the air chamber.
This plate is constructed preferably of sheet iron bent to a trough-like form.
The ventilating arrangement may be combined with the card cylinder in such a
manner that the latter will be ventilated automatically.
would remark that the fan should be placed at such a distance from the card
cylinder as will prevent its acting directly on the working parts of the machine
inside the casing.
By this means the fibres of the material being treated are not interfered with,
and the dust only is collected and removed from the carding cylinder and its
rollers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frederick William Borland in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 15th April 1882.
FREDERICK WILLIAM BORLAND, of Flixecourt, in the Department of the
Somme, France. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND REMOVING THE
DUST PRODUCED IN CARDING FLAX, HEMP, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
The object of this Invention is to effect the collection and removal of the dust
produced in carding flax, hemp, and other fibrous materials.
The Invention consists in applying a special ventilating arrangement to carding
engines and providing (during the carding operation) for the collection of the
dust and its delivery after its separation from floating fibres to the outside of
the mill.
In Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a
double delivery carding engine with my Invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an
end view, and Fig. 3 is a cross section of the same taken in a line with the axis of
the cylinder. A is the main card cylinder mounted as usual in side frames B, B,
and surrounded by workers and strippers; C, C³, is a pair of feed rolls for
delivering the fibre to the rotating carding cylinder A; and D, D¹, are doffing
rollers for taking off the carded fibres. The periphery of the cylinder is enclosed
in a casing E, E, composed by preference of sheet iron and made fast to the side
frames B, B. The only openings in this case occur near the rollers C, D, and D¹,
for the admission of fibres to the engine and the removal of the fibres therefrom,
and at e near the ground line for the removal of the dust created by the action of
the card rollers. This opening e connects the space enclosed by the case E with
a chamber F which is furnished at its upper part with a baffle plate ƒ that leaves
only a contracted passage for the escape of the air and dust that are drawn up by
a suction fan G set above the chamber F. Communication between the fan case
and the chamber F is made by pipes g, which open into the centre of the fan.
When therefore rotary motion is given to the fan it will cause an indraught of air
at the openings near the rollers C and D, D¹, which air passing around the cylinder,
will carry forward any dust that is created by the carding action of the cylinder
and its surrounding rollers, and by the opening e deliver it to the chamber F,
together with any loose fibres which may have been disengaged from the carded
mass, When arrived at this chamber the air with the dust and loose fibres will
take a straight course to the outlets leading to the fan case as indicated by the
arrows, Fig. 1, and striking against the plate f will be checked in its ascent to
such a degree as will ensure the arrest of the fibres and their ultimate deposit at
the bottom of the chamber. The finer particles however in suspension in the air
will pass upwards into the fan case and be delivered by the rotating fan into
a pipe H leading off to a flue or to the open air. To gain access to the chamber F
for the purpose of clearing out the accumulation of fibres deposited therein a swing
door I is provided, which door is reached by a second door I³ formed in the
casing E, as indicated in Fig. 1.
In Sheet II. I have shewn my Invention as adapted to a down striking breaker
carding engine, Fig. 4 being a longitudinal section of the carding engine and
Fig. 5 an elevation of the feeding end of the engine. In this example the feeding
is at one end and the delivery of the carded fibre is at the opposite end of the
engine the delivery being single instead of double, as in the first example. The
case E which envelopes the cylinder A with its workers and strippers bas two
openings for the indraught of air and an exit opening e as before leading to the

page_text: chamber F. This chamber differs somewhat in construction from that of the
first arrangement, as it underlies the feeding apron and cannot therefore carry the
fan case above it.
In place of a horizontal baffle plate I fit the chamber with a vertical plate f
which joins near the floor level a false bottom extending over nearly one half of
the chamber. The air drawn into this chamber rises up the partition f and
turning over as indicated by the arrows passes out by pipes g to the centre of
the fan case G which is bolted to the end of the chamber.
I would remark that the object of placing the fan at a distance from the
cylinder A, as indicated in the Drawings, is to prevent it from acting directly on
the work within the casing and interfering with the fibres of the material being
treated while collecting and removing the dust. Doors are provided in the
casing, as shewn at I, to provide for the removal of the fine particles of fibre which
accumulate within the case during the working of the engine.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improved Apparatus
for Collecting and Removing the Dust Produced in Carding Flax, Hemp, or other
Fibrous Materials," and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I
wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent
I claim,―
The adaptation to carding engines of an exhaust apparatus arranged as above
described, whereby without interfering with the. fibre under treatment the dust
raised in the operation of carding may be withdrawn from the engine separated
from loose floating fibres and discharged from the mill.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Borland, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.