IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING AND SURFACING RINGS, PLATES, DISCS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Archibald Jaques, of Tottenham, in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, John Thomas Oakley, of Grange
Road, Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, and John
Americus Fanshawe, of Tottenham, aforesaid, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING AND SURFACING
RINGS, PLATES, DISCS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Archibald
Jaques, John Thomas Oakley, and John Americus Fanshawe at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 9th September 1869.
We, JAMES ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, JOHN THOMAS OAKLEY, of Grange Road, Ber-
mondsey, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, and JOHN AMERICUS
FANSHAWE, of Tottenham, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
GRINDING AND SURFACING RINGS, PLATES, DISCS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-

page_text: The object of this Invention is to so construct and arrange certain of
the parts of the machinery employed in grinding or surfacing thin
metal plates, discs, or rings that these latter may be securely held on the
face of the chuck without the use of clamps or other devices which
We
would project beyond the face of the article to be ground.
obtained Letters Patent, bearing date March 8th, 1869, No. 697, for a
means of effecting this object by the use of electro-magnets, but we
have since discovered that the same result may be obtained by means of
atmospheric pressure brought to bear on the surface of the thin plates,
rings, or discs. To this end the face of the chuck is perforated; and the
plates or discs when placed thereon are caused to adhere tightly thereto
by causing the air to be exhausted from behind the plates by means of
an air pump or by placing the air channels in connection with an
exhausted or vacuum chamber. A small pipe or air channel may be
made to extend from the back of the plates or discs to the vacuum
chamber, and by opening a cock on this pipe or channel the air will rush
from the plates into the chamber and produce such a vacuum behind as
will suffice to give considerable atmospheric pressure on the front of the
plates and thereby hold them securely against the face of the chuck.
When it is desired to detach the plates or discs from the chuck the cock
must be closed and air admitted behind the plates, which will then fall
off. These plates or discs may be ground in the ordinary manner or in
the manner shewn in the Specification of my former Patent above
referred to.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said James Archibald Jaques, John Thomas Oakley,
and John Americus Fanshawe in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th March 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex, 3
Chemist, JOHN THOMAS OAKLEY, of Grange Road, Bermondsey, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, and JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of
Tottenham, aforesaid, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year 3
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-

page_text: third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said James Archibald Jaques, John Thomas
Oakley, and John Americus Fanshawe, Her special licence that we, the
said James Archibald Jaques, John Thomas Oakley, and John Americus
Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said James Archibald Jaques, John Thomas Oakley, and John
Americus Fanshawe, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING AND SURFACING
RINGS, PLATES, DISCS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said James Archibald Jaques, John
Thomas Oakley, and John Americus Fanshawe, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Archibald Jaques, on behalf
of myself and of the said John Thomas Oakley and John Americus
Fanshawe, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):
:-
The object of this Invention is to so construct and arrange certain of
the parts of the machinery employed in grinding or surfacing thin
metal plates, discs, or rings that these latter may be securely held on
the face of the chuck without the use of clamps or other devices, which
would project beyond the face of the article to be ground. We obtained
Letters Patent, bearing date March Eighth, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-nine, No. 697, for a means of effecting this object by the use
of electro-magnets, but we have since discovered that the same result
may be obtained by means of atmospheric pressure brought to bear on
the surface of the thin plates, rings, or discs.

page_text: In the accompanying Drawing we have shewn in sectional elevation
a chuck constructed to effect this object. It will be seen that the face
of the chuck a is perforated and is screwed on to a hollow shaft b, on
which is mounted the band wheel c wliereby it is driven by means of a
band. At the opposite end of the shaft 6 is a joint e which will rotate
with it, but carries a fixed air pipe d. The plates or discs to be operated
upon are when placed on the chuck a caused to adhere tightly thereto
by causing the air to be exhausted from the space a' in the chuck
behind the plates by means of an air pump or by placing the air
channels in connection with an exhausted or vacuum chamber. The
small pipe or air channel d extends from the back of the plates or discs
to the vacuum chamber, and by opening a cock on this pipe or channel
the air will rush from the chamber a¹ of the chuck into the vacuum
chamber, and will produce such a vacuum behind the plates as will
suffice to give considerable pressure on the front of the plates, and
thereby hold them securely against the face of the chuck. When it is
desired to detach the plates or discs from the chuck the cock must be
closed and air admitted behind the plates, which will then fall off.
These plates or discs may be ground in the ordinary manner or in
the manner shewn in the Specification of our former Patent above
referred to.
Having now described our Invention of "Improvements in Machinery
for Grinding and Surfacing Rings, Plates, Discs, and other analogous
Articles," and having explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, we claim as the Invention secured to us by Letters Patent as
aforesaid, constructing the chucks (used for holding thin plates or discs
in lathes) in the manner herein set forth, so that by exhausting the air
from a chamber behind the plate or discs the pressure of the atmo-
sphere may be used to hold the said plates, dises, or other analogous
articles on the chuck, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, tho said James Archibald Jaques, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Ninth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy.