Improvements in the Treatment of Fish and other Matters to Extract Oil or Fat therefrom and in Apparatus to be Employed therein.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 18th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 10th May, 1887.
RESER
Improvements in the Treatment of Fish and other Matters to
Extract Oil or Fat therefrom and in Apparatus to be Employed
therein.
I JAMES STEWART EDWARDS of Beechwood, Compton Place Road, Eastbourne, in
the County of Sussex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to he
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the treatment of fish and other
matters to extract oil or fat therefrom and in apparatus to be employed therein.
I place the fish or other matter to be treated in a vessel which is capable of being
hermetically closed and the oil yielding matter is confined in this vessel between two
perforated partitions covered with canvas or like material or otherwise.
With the vessel containing the fish or oil yielding matter I connect a boiler by pipes
entering both beneath and above the partitions between which the material is confined.
Hot water is drawn from the boiler to the space beneath the lower partition, it thence
ascends through and amongst the fish or oil yielding matter to the space above the
upper partition whence it is caused to return to the boiler and so a circulation is
maintained. I employ a pump drawing the water from the vessel containing the oil
yielding matter and returning it to the boiler or the circulation may be maintained
by other means. When the water carrying oil with it reenters the boiler the oil separates
from the water and floats on the surface whilst the water alone is again drawn from
the boiler to again pass amongst the fish or oil yielding matter.
This process thus goes on continuously for as long as may be found desirable.
The oil is drawn off from the boiler from time to time by cocks provided for the
purpose. The water is returned to the boiler below the surface of the floating oil
which consequently is not disturbed and to favour the saparation of the oil and water
an upward direction is given to the incoming stream.
In some cases I provide a second boiler so that when desirable the water may be
drawn off and fresh water at a high temperature supplied, this is sometimes advisable
when oil of two qualities is drawn from the fish or material.
Dated this 10th day of May 1886
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Treatment of Fish and other Matters to
Extract Oil or Fat therefrom and in Apparatus to be Employed
therein.
I, JAMES STEWART EDWARDS of Becchwood, Compton Place Road, Eastbourne, in
the County of Sussex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object. improvements in the treatment of fish and other
matters to extract oil or fat therefrom, and in apparatus to be employed therein.
I place the fish or other matter to be treated in a vessel which is capable of being
hermetically closed and the oil yielding matter is confined in this vessel between two
perforated partitions covered with canvas or like material or otherwise.
With the vessel containing the fish or oil yielding matter I connect a boiler by
pipes entering both beneath and above the partitions between which the material is
confined. Hot water is drawn from the boiler to the space beneath the lower partition,
it thence ascends through and amongst the fish or oil yielding matter to the space
above the upper partition whence it is caused to return to the boiler and so a circulation
is maintained.
I employ a pump drawing the water from the vessel containing the oil yielding.
matter and returning it to the boiler or the circulation may be maintained by other
means. When the water carrying oil with it reenters the boiler the oil separates from
the water and floats on the surface whilst the water alone is again drawn from the
boiler to again pass amongst the fish or oil yielding matter.
This process thus goes on continuously for as long as may be found desirable. The oil
is drawn off from the boiler from time to time by cocks provided for the purpose. The
water is returned to the boiler below the surface of the floating oil which consequently
is not disturbed and to favor the separation of the oil and water an upward direction
is given to the incoming stream.
In some cases I provide a second boiler so that when desirable the water may be
drawn off and fresh water at a high temperature supplied; this is sometimes advisable
when oil of two qualities is drawn from the fish or material.
In the drawings hereunto annexed I have shewn apparatus constructed according to
my invention.
Figure 1 shews a side elevation and Figure 2 a vertical section of apparatus in
which steam coils are employed for heating the water.
In these figures A is the vessel for containing the fish or oil yielding matter. B B
are two perforated partitions between which the fish or oil yielding matter is placed.
C is a door by which the fish or other matter may be filled into the space between the
partitions. Da door by which the material may be withdrawn after oil has been
extracted from it. E is the second vessel in which the extracted fat and oil separate

page_text: from the water. F F are cocks by which the fat and oil can be drawn off therefrom.
G is a pump by which water can be drawn from the lower part of the vessel E and
forced into the vessel A below the bottom partition. His a pipe leading from the top
of the vessel A above the upper partition to the upper part of the vessel E. I I are
steam coils at the bottom of the vessels A and E for heating the water contained in
them. J is a gauge for indicating oil in the vessel E. The pump may be worked by
an eccentric Kas shewn or in other suitable ways.
Or in place of using a pump for maintaining a circulation of water from the bottom
of the vessel E to the bottom of the vessel A by a pump it may be maintained as shewn
at Figure 3 by heating the water by means of a steam coil I at the bottom of the
vessel A only and not in the vessel E so as to cause an upward stream through A and a
downward stream through E.
Or a pump may be used to draw water and oil from the top of the vessel A and
deliver it into E as shewn at Figures 4 and 5.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the apparatus and Figure 5 a side elevation. The
same letters of reference are used as in Figures 1 and 2.
The delivery pipe L from the pump is carried downwards through the cover of the
vessel E and made to extend some distance below the oil in such vessel so that the
floating oil may remain undisturbed. M is a cup at the exit end of the pipe L to give
an upward direction to the stream which issues from it. N is a tap by which water
can be drawn off from the bottom of the vessel A.
In the apparatus shown in these figures I have also shewn the vessel E as being
heated by a small fire at the bottom instead of using steam coils as in the apparatus
shewn in the other figures. Usually however it is preferable to employ steam coils.
In place of using a stream of heated water for extracting oil or fat from the fish or
other matter other heated liquids as for example petroleum which are heavier than the
oils or fats might be similarly used for the purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
1. The process herein before described for extracting oil or fat from fish or other
matter consisting in causing a stream of heated water or other liquid heavier than the
oils or fats to rise upwards through a mass of the fish or other matter and to carry off
the fat or oil contained in it substantially as described.
2. The process herein before described for extracting oil or fat from fish or other
matter consisting in causing a stream of heated water or other liquid heavier than the
oils or fats to rise upwards through a mass of the fish or other matter and to flow
away into a vessel in which the fat or oil extracted may separate from the water and
be drawn off whilst the water is again made to circulate through the vessel containing
the fish or other matter so that the process can be carried on continuously.
3. The construction of apparatus substantially in the manner herein before described
for extracting oil or fat from fish and other matter.
Dated this 18th day of March 1887