Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
Figure 3, a plan view of the same.
Figures 4 and 5 show respectively a longitudinal section and an end view of a
portable furnace which may be employed for steam boilers and in which this
method of firing is introduced.
Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of a modified form in which these furnaces
can be made.
Figures 7 to 15 represent modified details used in this arrangement of firing,
partly in longitudinal section and partly in front or plan view.
Figure 16 shows a vertical longitudinal section of a modified form of the
apparatus; and
Figure 17, a cross section on the broken linex of Figure 16; whilst
Figure 18 is a plan view; this form of apparatus is intended for pulverising or
disintegrating the somewhat caked coal dust, and also for actuating the apparatus
for supplying the coal dust.
Figure 19 shows a somewhat altered form of the apparatus for actuating the
conveying device.
Figure 20 shows this new arrangement in combination with the movable com-
bustion chamber, whilst
Figures 16 to 19 show the apparatus arranged as though the coal dust were
blown direct into the flue of a steam boiler.
The coal dust, which it is intended to consume by means of this new firing
arrangement, is first placed in a receptacle m (Figures 1 to 3) and there is situated,
at its lower widened end, an exit orifice, the degree of opening of which may be
regulated by means of an adjustable slide p. A suitable appliance is placed beneath
this orifice, by means of which the fuel continually passing from the receptacle in
to a passage is again finely subdivided in case it has caked, owing to moisture or
the like cause.
A crushing roller u, such as is shown on the drawing, for instance,
may be employed as a suitable medium, which is kept continuously revolving
by means of any suitable actuating mechanism. A vibrating sieve or revolving
bars, or any other suitable device, may, however, be employed in place of the
crushing roller.
The coal dust passes, by means of the vertical part of the passage 1, into the
horizontal part of the same, from whence it is conveyed, by means of steam or air,
*Drine 0.17

page_text: or a mixture of these two, which penetrates into the passage l, through a nozzle-
like slot k, into the actual combustion chamber in order to be ignited by the heat
prevailing there, and, by its combustion, to develop the necessary heat for working
a steam boiler as well as for igniting the succeeding portion of coal dust blown into
the fire chamber. As before stated, the blowing of the coal dust into the com-
bustion chamber is effected by means of steam or air, or a mixture of both. This
latter is carried out by the compressed air, which, is introduced by means of a
pipe q, Figures 1 and 2, into a chamber d, together with the steam, which is
introduced by means of a pipe 2 into a chamber c, being simultaneously conveyed
into the slot or opening . The air reaches the opening k from the chamber d by
means of an opening regulated by means of a slide valve g', whilst the steam
reaches the opening & from the chamber e by means of a vent c¹ regulated by means
of a slide valve g. The slide valves may be adjusted by hand or in any other
suitable manner.
9
In order to be able to remove with facility the whole apparatus above described
from the front of the boiler or fire-box, it is attached to the horizontal part q of an
elbow of the air conduit, the vertical arm q' of which rests movably in the
vertical end piece q of the air conduit ³. As the steam pipe also has a hinged
joint arranged in the axis of the vertical elbow part g', the whole firing apparatus
may be removed from the front of the combustion chamber by simply moving the
elbow shank in the direction of the arrow x, Figure 3.
The firing apparatus may also be arranged on a separate furnace instead of
being directly attached to the boiler as shown in Figures 1 to 3. Figures 4 to 6
represent two different patterns of such separate furnaces, which are suitable for
being used with the above described arrangement.
In these w is the fire-box coated with refractory material, which is surrounded
at the front by an annular space w¹ into which the air, requisite for combustion,
passes from the air pipe Z, in so far as it is not supplied by the air pipe q³, in
order to be conveyed from here, by means of the passages, into the actual com-
bustion chamber z. The nozzle is inserted through a hole y in the front wall y'
of the separate furnace. This latter is arranged on wheels in such a way that it
may be easily moved away from the boiler k, with the flue of which it is connected
by means of an annular projection w².
Figure 6 is a vertical longitudinal section of a somewhat modified form of
construction of the above described separate furnace, and in which the same
reference letters denote the same parts as in Figures 4 and 5, the modification
consisting only in the duplex conical shape of the fire chamber, owing to which
another shape is requisite for the annular air admission chamber W, and the
annular projection is omitted, as the direct connection of the furnace with the
flue of the boiler is directly effected by means of the conical shape of the end of
the furnace itself.
In the modified shape of the blast appliances, as represented in Figures 7 and 9,
the faces of the valves g g' are no longer arranged in one and the same plane, as is
the case with the arrangement shown in Figures 1 to 3, but at an angle to each
other of less than 180 degrees. The result of this is that the air flowing through
the chamber d or its vent d' is more thoroughly mixed with the steam passing
through the vent of the steam chamber c than is the case in the previous
arrangement.
to 12.
The same result is attained by the modified blast device shown in Figures 10
In this, however, the flat steam regulating valve is replaced by a round
slide valve g, which is provided with an intersection 2, through which the steam,
brought by the passage 2, must pass before emerging from the vent c¹. The
alteration of the size of the exit is brought about by turning the valve g.
directions of the exit of the air and steam form an angle, as shown in the arrange-
ment in Figure 7.
The
In the devices shown in Figures 13 to 15, a round valve is also employed;
the chamber c containing the same is, however, arranged within the chamber d,

page_text: nd, in fact, in such a way that the inflowing air must pass round the chamber d
n order to reach the exit orifice d'. The round valve, revolvable in the chamber c.
s hollow and projects so far from one end of the chamber that a steam pipe
nay be attached to the same. The other end of the slide valve also projects from
he other end of the chamber and has the form of a plug on which a toothed
segment, adjustable by means of a hand wheel and screw, is attached.
The valve g may be turned in such a way, by the hand wheel being revolved,
that its longitudinal orifice g³, which allows the steam which has penetrated
therein (g) to escape, may be brought into or out of connection with the vent c¹ of
the steam chamber c. The vent of the chamber c is thereby so controlled that
the jet of steam emerging through the same passes in a direct line through the
vent of the chamber d, and thereby carries with it the air contained in the latter,
if the latter be not forced into the chamber d or through the vent of the same
into the combustion chamber by means of special apparatus.
In the modified form of apparatus shown in Figures 16 to 20, the coal dust is,
as previously described, shot into the hopper m, from whence, passing through a
grating m, it reaches the exit 1, in order to be blown through the nozzle k, by
means of the current of air or steam coming from the pipe q, and which may be
regulated by means of the cock H being suitably adjusted. The coal dust may be
blown either direct into the flue (Figure 16) or else first through the portable
combustion chamber (Figure 20).
The above mentioned grating m³ is revolvably placed on a pivot a³, Figure 18,
fixed in the hopper m or its exit 1, and its circumference fits to the walls of the
hopper m or of the exit in such a way that the coal dust can only pass into the exit
orifice through the interstices in the grating, but not over the outer circumference
of the grating. The interstices of the grating are adjusted according to the fineness
and also the quantity of the coal which is to pass through. In order to again
disintegrate any coal dust which may have become caked, the grating m² is caused
to rotate on its fixed pivot a², and this is effected by means of a paddle wheel b¹,
which projects into the air supply pipe y, or into the steam supply pipe, which is
not shown in this case, and in such a way that it is caused to rotate on its axis c²
through the medium flowing through.
This rotary motion is transferred to the feed roller m in any ordinary manner.
If the feed grating m² be used, the rotary motion of the paddle wheel ' may be
replaced by the grating m² being caused to oscillate, which may be brought about
in any suitable way. For instance, the paddle wheel is, on the accompanying
drawing, connected with the axle of a crank by means of a chain f' and the
wheels de belonging thereto, the crank pin (of which axle) oscillates the
grating mas above mentioned by means of a two-armed lever k². In order to
allow the oscillating movement of the grating m³ to be altered whilst the length of
the crank pin remains the same, the pivot of the lever is arranged on a lever "
which may be adjusted by hand. By fixing this lever l'in any desired position,
the pivot of the lever may be altered to a smaller or greater distance from the
crank axle /³, and, accordingly, the movement of this lever or that of the grating
may be altered. The connection of the grating m², as well as of the crank axle /*
with the lever k² is such that both the crank pin and the drawpeg m³ of the
grating engage in suitable slots n of the lever k². As the peg m³ of the grating m²
passes through the walls of the exit tube surrounding the grating, in order to
engage with the lever 2, in order to prevent the coal from falling through the
necessary orifice for allowing the peg m³ to pass through, a valve m or its
equivalent must be adopted, which keeps the above named orifice closed throughout
the entire movement of the grating.
Instead of the paddle wheel b', shown in Figures 16, 17 and 18, which is set in
motion by a current of air directed vertically on its axis, a spirally winged wheel,
which fills wholly or partially the diameter of the pipe q, may be employed for
actuating the grating m³, for instance, as shown in Figure 19 and which is revolved
by a current of air travelling in the direction of its axis.

page_text: In the arrangements shown in Figures 16 to 19, it is assumed that the coal
dust is to be blown direct through the nozzle into the fixed combustion
chamber of a steam boiler or some other furnace. The modified arrangement
may, however, be employed in combination with a portable combustion chamber
in a similar manner to that previously described, which application of the modified
arrangement is shown in Figure 20.
Dated this 21st day of December 1891
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Firing Apparatus or
Appliances for use with Coal Dust.
A communication from CARL WEGENER, of 81, Brunnen Street, Engineer, and
PAUL BAUMERT, of 44, Joachimsthaler Street, Engineer, both of Berlin, in
the Empire of Germany.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6 Bank Street, Man-
chester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the firing of furnaces so that fine pulverised coal or
other fuel may be used in such a way that the coal dust is blown into the fixed or
movable fire box by means of steam or air, or by both of these mediums com-
bined, and the combustion is effected there in a thoroughly smokeless manner.
On the accompanying drawings-
Figure 1 represents a vertical section through a coal dust firing apparatus in
conjunction with a draught appliance.
Figure 2 is a front view of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 show a longitudinal section and an end view respectively of a
portable furnace or firing apparatus which may be employed for steam boilers and
in which this method of firing is introduced.
Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of a modified form in which these front
furnaces or firing apparatus can be made.
Figures 6 to 14 represent modified details of the draught appliances, partly in
longitudinal section and partly in front or plau view.
Figure 15 shows a vertical longitudinal section.
Figure 16 a cross section on the broken line of Figure 15, and
Figure 17 a plan view of a modified form of the apparatus shown in Figures 1
and 2 which is intended for supplying the coal dust, and also the arrangement for
actuating this apparatus.
Figure 18 shows a somewhat altered form of the apparatus for actuating the
supply apparatus or appliance shown in Figures 15 to 17.
Figure 19 shows the arrangement in Figures 15 to 17 in combination with the
movable combustion chamber, whilst
In Figures 15 to 18 the apparatus is shown arranged for the coal dust to be blown
direct into the heating flue of a steam boiler.
The coal dust, which it is intended to consume by means of this new firing
arrangement, is first placed in a receptacle m (Figures 1 and 2) at the lower
widened end of which an exit orifice situated, the degree of opening of which
may be regulated by means of an adjustable slide or valve p. A suitable appliance
is placed beneath this orifice, by means of which the fuel continually passing from
the receptacle m to a passage is again finely subdivided in case it has caked,

page_text: owing to moisture or from other causes. A crushing roller u such as is shown in
the pattern of the apparatus represented on the drawing, for instance, may be
employed as a suitable medium, which is kept continuously revolving by means of
any suitable actuating mechanism. A vibrating sieve or revolving bars, or any
other suitable device, may, however, be employed in place of the crushing
roller.
The coal dust passes, by means of the vertical part of the passage into the
horizontal part of the same, from whence it is conveyed by means of steam or air,
or a mixture of these two, which penetrates into the passage l, through a nozzle-like
slot k into the actual combustion chamber in order to be ignited by the heat pre-
vailing there, and, by its combustion, to develop the necessary heat for working a
steam boiler as well as for igniting the succeeding portion of coal dust blown into
the fire chamber.
As before stated, the blowing of the coal dust into the combustion chamber
is effected by means of steam or air, or a mixture of both. This latter is formed
by compressed air, which is introduced by means of a pipe 73, Figures 1 and 2, into
a chamber d, together with steam, which is introduced by means of a pipe² into
a chamber c, the two being simultaneously conveyed into the above-named slot
or opening. The air reaches the opening k from the chamber d by means of an
opening regulatable by means of a slide valve g', whilst the steam reaches the
opening from the chaniber c by means of a vent el regulatable also by means of a
slide valve g. The slide valves may be adjusted by hand or in any other suitable
manner.
9.
In order to be able to remove with facility the whole apparatus above described
from the front of the boiler or fire-box, it is attached to the horizontal part 9 of an
elbow g of the air conduit, the vertical arm g' of which rests movably in the
vertical end piece 2 of the air conduit 7. As the steam pipe also has a hinged
joint arranged in the axis of the vertical elbow part q', see Figure 2, the whole
firing apparatus may be removed from the front of the combustion chamber by
simply moving the elbow shank g in a horizontal direction.
The firing apparatus may also be arranged on a separate apparatus instead of
being directly attached to the boiler as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Figures 3 to 5 represent two different kinds of such separate firing apparatus
or appliances which are suitable for being used with the above described
arrangement.
In Figure 3-
The
w is the fire box lined with refractory material, which is surrounded at the front
by an annular space w¹ into which the air, requisite for combustion, passes from the
air pipe Z, in so far as it is not supplied by the air pipe ³, in order to be conveyed
from here, by means of the passages, into the actual combustion chamber z.
nozzle k is inserted through a hole y in the front wall y' of the front furnace. This
lutter is arranged on wheels ¹ in such a way that it may be easily moved away
from the boiler k, with the flue of which it is connected by means of an annular
projection to.
Figure 5 is a vertical longitudinal section of a somewhat modified form of con-
struction of the above described front furnace or firing apparatus and in which
the same reference letters denote the same parts as in Figure 3, the modification
consisting only in the duplex conical shape of the fire chamber, owing to which
another shape is requisite for the annular air admission chainber W, and the annular
projection W is omitted as the connection of the furnace with the flue of the boiler
is directly effected by means of the conical shape of the end of the furnace itself.
In the modified shape of the blast appliance, as represented in Figures 6-8,
the faces of the valves g g' are no longer arranged in one and the same plane, as
is the case with the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2, but at an angle to each
other of less than 180 degrees. The result of this is that the air flowing through
the chamber d or its vent d' is more thoroughly mixed with the steam passing

page_text: through the vent c¹ of the steam chamber than is the case in the previous
arrangement.
The same result is attained by the modified blast device shown in Figures 9 to 11.
In this, however, the flat steam regulating valve is replaced by a round valve g,
which is provided with a cross cut, through which the steam introduced through
the passage 2 must pass before emerging from the vent c'. The alteration in the
size of the exit is effected by turning the valve J. The directions of the exit of
the air and steam form an angle, the same as shown in the arrangement of
Figure 6.
"
In the blast devices shown in Figures 12 to 14, a round valve is also employed;
the chamber containing the same is, however, arranged within the chamber d,
and, in such a way that the inflowing air must pass round the chamber d in order
to reach the exit orifice d'. The round valve revolvable in the chamber c is
hollow and projects so far from one end of the chamber c that a steam pipe may
be attached to the same. The other end of the valve g also projects from the
chamber e and is shaped like a plug on which is a toothed segment, adjustable by
means of a hand wheel and screw.
с
The valve o may be turned in such a way, by the hand wheel being revolved,
that its longitudinal orifice g2, which allows the steam which has penetrated into
it (g) to escape, may be brought into or out of connection with the vent c¹ of the
steam chamber c. The vent c of the chamber c is further so arranged that the jet
of steam emerging through the same passes in a direct line through the vent d of
the chamber d, and thereby carries with it the air contained in the latter, if the
latter be not forced into the chamber d, or through the vent d' of the same into the
combustion chamber, by means of special apparatus.
In the modified form of apparatus shown in Figures 15 to 19 the coal dust is, as
previously described, shot into the hopper m, from whence, passing through a
grating m³, it reaches the exit 1, in order to be blown through the nozzle, by
means of the current of air or steam coming from the pipe, and which may be
regulated by means of the cock H. being suitably adjusted. The coal dust may be
blown either direct into the flue (Figures 15 to 18) or else first through the portable
combustion chamber Z (Figure 19.)
The above mentioned grating m² is arranged so as to revolve on a pivot a²,
Figure 17, fixed in the hopper m or its exit l, and its circumference fits to the walls
of the hopper m or of the exit in such a way that the coal dust can only pass into
the exit orifice through the interstices in the grating, but not over the outer
circumference of the grating. The interstices of the grating are adjusted according
to the fineness and also the quantity of coal which is to pass through. In order to
again disintegrate any coal dust which may have become caked, the grating m² is
caused to oscillate on its fixed pivot a², and this is effected by means of a paddle
wheel which projects into the air supply pipe q, or into the steam supply pipe,
which is not shown in this case, in such a way that it is caused to rotate on its axis c*
through the medium flowing through the pipe.
This rotary motion is transferred to the feed roller u, Figure 1, in any ordinary
suitable manner. If the feed grating m² be used, the rotary motion of the paddle
wheel b may be converted into an oscillating motion of the grating m² which may
be brought about in any suitable way. For instance, the paddle wheel is, on the
accompanying drawing, connected with the axle h² of a crank by means of a chain f
and the wheels d² e belonging thereto, the crank pin (of which axle) oscillates
the grating m² as above mentioned by means of a two-armed lever ². In order to
allow the oscillating movement of the grating m² to be altered whilst the length of
the crank remains the same, the pivot of the lever is arranged on a lever which
may be adjusted by hand. By fixing this lever in any desired position, the pivot
of the lever may be altered to a smaller or greater distance from the crank axle ²,
and, accordingly, the movement of this lever or that of the grating may be
altered. The connection of the grating m³, as well as of the crank axle ² with the

page_text: lever is such that both the crank pin and the drawpeg m³ of the grating engage
in suitable slots n of the lever ². As the peg m³ of the grating m² passes through
the walls of the exit tube surrounding the grating, in order to engage with the
lever ², in order to prevent the ccal from falling through the necessary orifice for
allowing the peg m³ to pass through, a valve m or its equivalent must be adopted,
which keeps the above named orifice closed throughout the entire movement of the
grating.
Instead of the paddle wheel &, shown in Figures 15, 16 and 17 which is set in
motion by a current of air directed vertically on its axis, a spirally winged wheel,
which wholly or partially fills the diameter of the pipe q may be employed for
actuating the grating m³, for instance, as shown in Figure 18, and which is revolved
by a current of air travelling in the direction of its axis.
In the arrangements shown in Figures 15 to 18, it is assumed that the coal dust
is to be blown direct through the nozzle k into the fixed combustion chamber of a
steam boiler or some other furnace. This whole arrangement may, however, be
employed in combination with a portable combustion chamber Z in a similar
manner to that previously described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is-
1. A firing apparatus for use with coal dust in which the coal dust is loosened
and conveyed by means of a mechanically operated disintegrating and conveying
apparatus u or m² and is then blown by means of steam or air, or a mixture of
both, which comes from chambers c and d through adjustable valves g and g' and is
discharged at the slit of a nozzle k, into the combustion chamber or a front
furnace, the whole apparatus or device being capable of being revolved round
a vertical part of the air supply tube substantially as described.
2. In a coal dust firing apparatus of the kind hereinbefore described, the dis-
integrating and conveying device for the coal dust, consisting of (a) a rotary
roller u, Figures 1 and 2, or (b) a horizontal disc-shaped grate or other like sieve m²
rotating round its vertical axis, Figures 15 to 17, substantially as described.
3. In a coal dust firing apparatus of the kind herein before described, the means
for producing the oscillatory motion of the grate m³ consisting of a double armed
lever, Figures 15 to 17, one of the arms of which is moved backwards and
forwards by means of the crank pin of a crank axle 43, whilst the other moves
backwards and forwards the pin m³ of the grate m2, the pivot of the lever being
adjustable so that the proportions of the lengths of the lever and thereby the
extent of oscillation of the grate may be altered, Figures 15 to 17, substantially as
described.
4. In a coal dust firing apparatus of the kind hereinbefore described, the means
for operating the disintegrating and conveying device consisting of a paddle or
spirally winged wheel which partially projects into the pipe through which the
current of steam or air is conveyed that blows the coal dust into the combustion
chamber, so that this current sets the wheel 6 in rotation, Figures 15 to 18,
substantially as described.
5. In coal dust firing apparatus of the kind herein before described, a blast
apparatus in which (a) the faces of its valves g g' lie in one plane as shown with
reference to Figures 1 and 2; or (b) the faces of its valves g g¹ enclose a less angle
than 180°, as shown with reference to Figures 6 to 8; or (c) a movable circular
valve g perforated diametrically or radially at an angle, replaces a flat regulating
valve g as shown with reference to Figures 9 to 11; or (d) a valve case c con-
taining the circular valve 9 described in Claim 5 (c) is arranged inside the chamber d
as shown with reference to Figures 12 to 14, substantially as described.
6. In a coal dust firing apparatus of the kind hereinbefore described, the arrange-
ment of a portable movable combustion chamber into which the coal dust is
blown, and the interior of which communicates with an air pipe Z by means of

page_text: passages and an annular chamber w¹ for the purpose of supplying air, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and shown with reference to Figures 3, 4,
5 and 19.
Dt: c 1... Ր A1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.