An Improved Wind and Water Wheel.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1892-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Wind and Water Wheel.
..
I, STEFAN VON KVASSAY, a Cabinet Minister, of Fiume, in the Kingdom of
Hungary, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in apparatus for utilising
the force of wind and running streams of water.
When driven by the wind, my invention consists of an improved vertical wind
mill, rotating upon a vertical axis in one direction, whatever may be the direction
of the wind. In a similar manner the invention may be immersed in and driven by
a running stream of water.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one form of my invention.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of another form.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2, drawn to a smaller scale.
Figs. 4 and 5 are detail horizontal sections, showing alternative methods of fitting
the hinged vanes.
a is a vertical axle, which may be mounted in any suitable bearings, and fitted with
driving gear for applying the power, as required. cc are arms attached to bosses,
fast on the axle a. bb (Fig. 1) are vanes formed in two parts; the vanes bb being
pivoted to the arms c c, as shown, and the vanes &¹ & being hinged or pivoted to the
vanes b b.
In Fig. 1 the axle a is shown carrying two sets of arms c c, the outer ends being
connected together by means of vertical rods d d, to which the vanes b b are pivoted
The outer ends of the arms c c are bent to a slight tangential angle, as
at e e.
shown.
Assuming that the current is flowing in the direction of the arrows, the vanes
at A will be driven against the arms, and will so continue in the positions shown at B
and C, and intermediate positions, imparting rotative motion to the shaft a, in the
direction of the arrow y. In the positions D, E, and F, and intermediate positions,
the vanes are caused to recede from their former positions, and to travel towards
the current with only their edges exposed to its action. Continuous rotary motion
is thus imparted to the vertical shaft.
In Fig. 2 a single set of arms c c is shown, their outer ends carrying sleeves hh,
which support the vertical rods d d, the vanes bb being pivoted to the rods. In
Figs. 2 and 3 single vanes b b are shown.
In Fig. 4 the method of attaching the vanes b' to the arms ce is shown.
Fig. 5 shows another method of attaching the vanes bseparately, the vane b¹
being pivoted at d by the hinge e¹.
I do not confine myself to the precise methods of construction herein before
described, or to the number and form of the vanes, as the same may be considerably
varied in their details and general arrangements without departing from the principle
of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved wind and water wheel, having radial and tangential arms c c
fixed to bosses fast on
о
vertical axle and vance & Or and Anivated to the

page_text: arms c e in such a manner as to utilise the force of the current so as to cause the
rotation of the arms and axle; the vanes presenting their sides to the current when
receding therefrom, and their edges to the current when going towards it, substan-
tially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The general construction, arrangements, and combinations of the several and
respective parts, together forming my invention of an improved wind and water
wheel,' substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated 31st August 1892.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.