IMPROVED GUIDING AND STOP MECHANISM FOR MACHINERY FOR SPINNING TEXTILE MATERIALS
Year: 1879

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
IMPROVED GUIDING AND STOP MECHANISM FOR MACHINERY FOR SPINNING
TEXTILE MATERIALS." A communication from abroad by Camille Weber, of.
Guebwiller, in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVED GUIDING AND STOP MECHANISM
FOR MACHINERY FOR SPINNING TEXTILE MATERIALS." [A communication from
abroad by Camille Weber, of Guebwiller, in the Empire of Germany, Manu-
facturer.];
It has been found in practice that in spinning textile materials a to and fro
movement must be given to the sliver or roving at the moment when it enters the
spinning machine. If this to and fro movement did not exist the pressure rolls
would soon be rendered useless by reason of the grooves which the continuous
passage of the sliver produces, causing the leather and cloth to be hollowed or
indented.
Various means have been heretofore attempted to impart this to and fro motion,
and the operation has always been effected by pushing the sliver or roving from
one side of the pressure rolls, then from the other side, but all the means hereto-
fore employed are very defective. The defects are specially noticeable in cotton
drawing. If small vertical standards or projections are used amongst the rovings
all of the latter which are at equal distances from each other are acted upon equally,
but the said projections are obstacles to the passage of the cotton, and the result is
that continued rolling up and other serious inconveniences are caused. If the sliver
or roving guides are vertical plates of half moon shape the whole of the rovings are
acted upon, but they become pressed against each other under the pushing action;

page_text: and the cotton accumulates and forms a considerable thickness at one point, whils
the rovings which are not pushed are less dense. The unequal thicknesses produce
defective drawing. When the vertical plates are cut out in such a manner as to
receive one roving or sliver in each space the roving or sliver must be stretched
considerably, and caused to rub as on a knife blade, otherwise the rovings spring
from one division to another by reason of the to and fro movement, and the result
is therefore defective. These and other guides cause the rovings to rub and to be
downy and rough, and the twisting is caused to take place near the feed. This
twisting effected by the coiler, instead of terminating gradually, is continued in
places up to the rolls, the parts twisted cannot be drawn, and produce enlargements
and uneven portions, and sometimes they even slightly raise the pressure roll. The
defects resulting from the sliver guides with a to and fro motion produce from the
drawings a very irregular sliver, which when held up to the light is seen to be very
unequal, and bears traces of an anterior twisting. A large proportion of the defects
and irregularities of the thread in the spring frames is due to this cause.
What has been said about drawing is also applicable to the other operations.
This Invention provides means for obviating the defects above named. The
sliver guides may be dispensed with, the to and fro movement taking place without
the ordinary guides. The pressure rolls remain intact without indentations or
grooves, and the sliver or rovings, which are in no way obstructed, spread out well
on the rolls; the drawing is accurate, and the twisting of the entering rovings
terminates by degrees and unperceived. The rovings obtained by this arrangement
come out in a much better condition, the irregularities disappear, and the thread
in the spinning frame is straight, without uneven parts or enlargements. It is
possible to twist it less, and at the same time to impart more strength to it than is
ordinarily the case.
I will proceed to describe the said Invention as applied to a cotton drawing frame
in two different manners.
In the first arrangement I provide levers for the purpose of stopping the
machine when a sliver happens to fail or break, which levers are arranged to
oscillate generally in a vertical plane, and are moved in a horizontal direction and
have imparted to them a to and fro motion by means of longitudinal plates or bands
which support them, and slide to the right and left hand, thus producing the to
and fro motion. A rectangular opening is formed on the upper plate of the machine,
upon which slides the plate supporting the said stopping levers. Each of the latter
is provided with a hole, through which passes a rod forming an axis. Upon the
said sliding plate a band is fixed, being secured by a piece to a rod which receives
a to and fro motion by an eccentric or otherwise. By reason of this motion the
said levers continually move the rovings under the pressure rolls as much as or in
the direction desired, and they serve at the same time as guides; the ordinary 4
guides therefore are not required, and may be dispensed with. This motion may
be imparted by any suitable part of the machine, and may be simply obtained from
the actual horizontal rod having the to and fro movement. It may be given for
cotton drawing to each head separately, or to several together by means of bands
supporting the stopping levers, and having sufficient length and a path which is
variable at will. Other arrangements may be adopted to render the levers moveable
in a horizontal direction.
With the stopping levers according to the first arrangement the rovings pass into
a head or fork, and the lever is caused to descend by the roving. The other end of
the lever, which is hook-shaped, descends when a lever does not support a roving, 5
and engages with the detent mechanism to stop the machine.
In the second arrangement the stopping lever is provided with a conical aperture,
in which a fixed pivot engages; this aperture is of circular form at its base, and is
prolonged in the form of a groove at the top; this stopping lever oscillates on the
fixed point horizontally and vertically. It has a vertical piece projecting downward, 5
which enters a recess in the sliding plate..

page_text: The stopping levers are thus rendered moveable by being pivotted at their centre.
They are in this case taken individually by the sliding plate or rod, which slides in
a horizontal direction like that of the sliver-guides. This plate has openings or
recesses, and each stopping lever lodged in one of the openings oscillates to the right
and left hand for moving the rovings.
The said vertical downwardly projecting piece of the stopping levers at the
point where the latter are taken by the sliding plate is sufficient to impart a
suitable vertical course. The to and fro motion may be produced and regulated in
its course in the same manner as employed for the ordinary sliver guide rods.
In cases where there is a great number of rovings, eight or ten for example to
one head, there may be provided on one rod having a to and fro motion guides to
press the material at the edges, and diminish the width of the same, thus improving
its edges.
I wish it to be understood that although the said Invention has been described
as applied to cotton drawing machines, it is equally applicable to the other machines
for spinning or drawing textile materials.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
February 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVED GUIDING AND STOP MECHANISM
FOR MACHINERY FOR SPINNING TEXTILE MATERIALS." A communication from
abroad by Camille Weber, of Guebwiller, in the Empire of Germany, Manu-
facturer.
It has been found in practice that in spinning textile materials a to and fro
movement must be given to the slivers or rovings at the moment when they enter
the spinning machine. If this to and fro movement did not exist the pressure
rolls would soon be rendered useless by reason of the grooves which the continuous
passage of the slivers produce, causing the leather and cloth to be hollowed or
indented.
Various attempts have been made to produce this to and fro motion, invariably
by pushing the slivers or rovings from one side of the pressure rolls, then from the
other side, but the means heretofore employed are all very defective. The defects
are specially noticeable in cotton drawing. If small vertical standards or projec-
tions are used amongst the rovings all of the latter which are at equal distances
from each other are acted upon equally, but the said projections form obstacles to
the passage of the cotton, and the result is that continual rolling up and other
serious inconveniences are caused. If the sliver guides are vertical plates of half
moon shape the whole of the rovings are acted upon, but they become pressed
against each other under the pushing action, the cotton accumulates and forms a
considerable thickness at one point, whilst the rovings which are not pushed are
less dense. The unequal thicknesses produce defective drawing. When the vertical
plates are notched or cut out in such a manner as to receive one roving or sliver in
each space the roving or sliver must be stretched considerably, and caused to rub
as on a knife blade, otherwise the rovings spring from one division to another by
reason of the to and fro movement, and the result is therefore unsatisfactory. These
and other guides moreover cause the rovings to rub and be downy and rough, and
causes the twisting near the feed. This twisting effected by the coiler, instead of
terminating gradually, is continued in places up to the rolls or cylinders, the parts
twisted cannot be drawn, and produce enlargements and uneven portions, and
sometimes they even slightly raise the pressure roll. The defects resulting from
the sliver-guides with a to and fro motion produce from the drawings a very
irregular sliver, which when held up to the light is seen to be very unequal, and
bears traces of previous twisting. Many of the defects and irregularities of the
thread in the spinning frames are due to this cause.
The above remarks about the drawing are also applicable to other operations.
This Invention provides means for obviating the defects above named. The
sliver-guides may be dispensed with, the to and fro movement taking place without
the ordinary guides. The pressure rolls remain intact without indentations or
grooves, and the slivers or rovings, which are in no way obstructed, spread out well
on the rolls, the drawing is accurate, and the twisting of the entering rovings ter-
minates by degrees and imperceptibly. The rovings are obtained by this arrange-
ment in a very superior condition, the irregularities disappear, and the thread in
the spinning frame is straight without inequalities or enlargements. It is possible
with less twist to impart more strength to it than is ordinarily the case.
I will now proceed to describe the said Invention as applied to a cotton drawing
frame in two different manners.

page_text: One manner or method of carrying my Invention into practice is illustrated in
Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying Drawing, in which,-
Figures 1 and 2 are an elevation and plan drawn full size of one of my improved
stopping levers; and
Figures 3, 4, and 5 are an elevation, plan, and transverse section drawn to a
reduced scale, shewing the said levers applied to a spinning frame.
According to this arrangement the levers L for stopping the machine when a
sliver happens to fail or break, and which are arranged to oscillate generally in a
vertical plane, are moved in a horizontal direction, and have imparted to them a
to and fro motion by means of longitudinal plates or bands which support them,
and slide to the right and left, thus producing the to and fro motion. A rectangular
opening A, B, C, D, is formed in the upper plate of the machine, upon which slides
the plate N supporting the said stopping levers L. Each of the latter is provided
with a hole o, through which is passed a rod a forming an axis. Upon the plate M
is fixed the band E, secured by the piece F to a rod T, which receives aj to and
fro motion from an excentric or otherwise. By reason of this motion the said
stopping levers continually move the rovings under the pressure rolls X, or in the
direction desired, and they serve at the same time as guides. The ordinary guides
therefore are not required, and may be dispensed with. This motion may be
imparted by any suitable part of the machine, and may be obtained from the
existing horizontal rod having the to and fro movement. In cotton drawing frames
it may be given to each head separately, or to several together, by means of bands
supporting the stopping levers, and having sufficient length and a path variable at
will. Other arrangements may be adopted to render the stopping levers movable
in a horizontal direction.
With the stopping levers constructed according to the first arrangement, as above
described, the rovings pass into the head or fork b, and the lever is caused to descend
by this roving. The other end of the lever is book-shaped, as shewn at c, and
descends when the lever does not support a roving, and engages with the detent
mechanism to stop the machine.
According to the second arrangement of my Invention, shewn in elevation and
plan in Figures 6 and 7, the stopping lever L is provided with a conical aperture d,
in which a fixed pivot p engages; this aperture is of circular form at its base, and
is prolonged in the form of a slot at the top. This stopping lever oscillates on the
fixed pivot horizontally and vertically. It has a downwardly projecting vertical
piece e, which enters a recess f in the sliding plate M, see Figures 8, 9, and 10,
which are respectively an elevation, plan, and transverse section.
The stopping levers are thus rendered movable by being pivotted at their centre;
they are in this case taken individually by the sliding plate or rod M, which slides
in a horizontal direction like the sliver guides. This plate has openings or recesses,
and each stopping lever lodged in one of the openings oscillates to the right and
left hand for moving the rovings r.
The said vertical downwardly projecting piece e of the stopping levers at the
point where the latter are taken by the sliding plate M is sufficient to impart the
required vertical movement. The to and fro motion may be produced and regulated
in the same manner as that of the ordinary sliver guide rods.
In cases where there is a great number of rovings, eight or ten for example, to
one head, there may be provided on one rod having a to and fro motion guides to
press the united rovings at the edges, and diminish the width of the same, thus
improving the edges.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that although the said Invention has been described as applied to cotton drawing
machines it is equally applicable to other machines for spinning or drawing textile
materials, and I claim,-
The employment in the machinery for the spinning of cotton and other textile
materials, either in a drawing or other machine, of a to-and-fro or reciprocating

page_text: motion obtained by means of stopping devices with or by which the slivers or
rovings are engaged or connected in such a manner that the latter move in a
horizontal direction, whereby the operation of spinning will be greatly facilitated,
as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my 5
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
WM. ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)