IMPROVED MACHINERY OR PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Johnson, of Market Weston, in the
County of Suffolk, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th May 1873.
I, CHARLES JOHNSON, of Market Weston, in the County of Suffolk,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHI-
NERY OR APPARATUS REQUIRED FOR TRACTION AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to machinery for drawing ploughs and other
implements and carriages, and may be applied for driving purposes and
in various ways to other machinery.
For traction and like purposes a frame is mounted on any required
number of universal jointed wheels, which wheels are put in motion by
longitudinal cogged wheels or otherwise. These last named wheels have

page_text: the cogs placed horizontally on the rim of the wheel so as to receive
the pressure endwise instead of laterally, as is the case in the known
description of cogged wheels.
The longitudinal cogged wheels are put in motion by companion or
pin wheels formed of double flange bolts or pins (which pins may if
desired carry rollers) passing through each flange so as to act as cogs.
The universal jointed wheel is capable of driving machinery at a bevel
if required so as to allow any number of shafts to be worked at any
diversity of plane, and is also capable of being applied to other
machinery.
The longitudinal cogged wheel and its companion or pin wheel can
also be applied to other machinery.
And in order that this my Invention may be readily understood
reference is made to the accompanying Drawings:-
Fig. 1 represents a plan view of a traction frame for drawing ploughs 1
and other like purposes by means of a portable engine shewing three
sets of jointed wheels k, k, k; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a view of the universal jointed wheel, and its construction is
as follows:-a is the rim; b, the ring; c, the box. On the latter are
two pins d, d, passing through the ring b, and on the rim a are two pins a
e, e, passing through the ring b. The ring b is divided longitudinally
into two sections and bolted together, and when on an axle as in Fig. 1
it can be turned in any desired direction by a curved toothed ratchet
apparatus or otherwise, as seen at f, a being the outer and 6 the inner
rings of the wheels.
Fig. 4 shews the cog wheel g, its indentations being much less than
the cogs, and they can be either sour or face wheels. % is the companion
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Charles Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office 80
on the 25th November 1873.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Charles Johnson, Her special licence that I,
the said Charles Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Charles Johnson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
REQUIRED FOR TRACTION AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Charles Johnson, my executors or administra-
tors, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Johnson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and description thereof, and in and by the several
Drawings accompanying this Specification, together with the explanation
referring to the said Drawings herein contained, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to locomotion, and particularly to machinery for
drawing ploughs and other implements and carriages, and may be applied
for driving purposes and in various ways to other machinery.
For traction and like purposes a frame is mounted on any required
number of universal jointed wheels described in Figure 4 of the annexed
Drawings, which wheels are put in motion by longitudinal cogged wheels
or otherwise. These last named wheels have the cogs placed horizon-
ally on the rim of the wheel so as to receive the pressure endwise
instead of laterally, as is the case in the known description of cogged
wheels, and are described in Figure 3 of the annexed Drawing.

page_text: The longitudinal cogged wheels are put in motion by companion or
pin wheels formed of double flange bolts or pins (which pins may if
desired carry rollers) passing through each flange so as to act as cogs.
The universal jointed wheel is capable of driving machinery at a bevel
if required so as to allow any number of shafts to be worked at any
diversity of plane, and is also capable of being applied to other.
machinery.
The longitudinal cogged wheel and its companion or pin wheel can
also be applied to other machinery.
And in order that this my Invention may be readily understood 1
reference is made to the accompanying Drawings:-
Fig. 1 represents a plan view of a traction frame for drawing ploughs
and other like purposes (by means of a portable engine) shewing three
sets of jointed wheels k, k, k; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 shews the cog wheel g, its indentations being much less than 1
the cogs, and which can be either spur or face wheels; h is the com-
panion or pin wheel.
Fig. 4 is a side view in elevation of the universal jointed wheel, and
its construction is as follows:-a, a, is part of the framing; 6 is the
axle; c, the boss, which carries two arms passing through two collars 2
d, d, into the ring e at the dotted lines; is a ring made in two halves
and bolted together; fis the rim of the wheel carrying two arms passing
through two collars g, g, into the ring e at the dotted lines. The rim of
the above described wheel is made with one side fair, the other side
carrying the two arms before mentioned and also the ends of the 2
coupling rails, and is thus steered, videlicet, to the fair side of the
rim f is bolted a ring h, ✓ sectioned, and is thus formed a circular groove
round the rim (and open inside) represented broken to shew the internal
arrangement, which is as follows:- -i is a bracket which carries a friction
roller j, which being placed inside the ring / holds the wheel perpen- &
dicular. From the axis of this roller are suspended by the arc k two
like rollers 1, 1, and are coupled at m to the lever n, n. This lever being
moved to the right or left changes the direction of the wheel, and the
same effect may be produced by a ratchet.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of Fig. 4. a, a, is part of the frame; b, the
axle; the wheel; d, the circular groove in which runs the friction
rollers, see Fig. 4); is the bracket carrying the fixed roller j (in Fig. 4)

page_text: inside the ring h; m, m, are two coupling bars, each carrying a roller
also inside the ring / (in Fig. 4 called 2, 1,). Each of these coupling bars
is hinged to the lever n, n, and the direction of the wheel is always the
same direction as the lever.
When used for transmitting motion a deep groove in the rim ƒ will
dispense with the steering apparatus, as also will a wide rim carry a
band. To drive these universal jointed wheels for traction purposes I
use a longitudinal cogged wheel which has greater strength than the
transverse cogged wheel.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into
effect, and the form and construction of the same, I would observe that
I do not confine myself to the precise arrangement of parts thereof or
to the actual form and dimensions herein-before given and illustrated on
the Drawings, nor do I confine myself to the use of my Invention for
traction purposes exclusively, as it may be applied in various ways to
other machinery, but what I claim and desire to be secured to me by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent are,-
First. The incorporation of the universal joint in the wheel herein-
before described.
Secondly. The introduction of steering a wheel by its rim herein-
before described.
Thirdly. The Invention of the longitudinal cog wheel herein-before
described.
Lastly. The improved machinery or apparatus for traction and other
purposes, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated on the
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