matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES AND TUBES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Peters at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd December
1858.
I, SAMUEL PETERS, of No. 12, Rue de la Briche, at St. Denis, near Paris,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIPES AND TUBES, AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of pipes and tubes in the follow-
ing manner, and in the apparatus hereafter described.
The sheet metal from which the pipes and tubes are to be made is first
heated in a suitable oven or furnaces, and then passed between rollers, of which
the lower is grooved with grooves of various sizes, and the upper has corre-
sponding projections, so that as the heated sheet or strip of metal is passed
between the two in one or other groove according to the size of the pipe or
tube to be made, it may be pressed into the form of a U. The bent sheet
or strip then passes between other grooved rollers in the same machine,
which impart to it a tubular form. The partially formed pipe or tube is
then again heated in an oven or furnace to a welding heat, and passed through
a pair of grooved rollers, the grooves of one of which are larger than the
corresponding grooves of the other, and the former roll is driven at a less
velocity than the latter. During its passage through these welding rollers
the pipe or tube is supported by a double mandril.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL, HAIR, SILK, COTTON, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hargreaves and Enoch
Haley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 4th June 1858.
We, WILLIAM HARGREAVES and ENOCH HALEY, both of Bradford, in the
West Riding of the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING
AND COMBING WOOL, HAIR, SILK, COTTON, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:-
By taking the oils, shorts, locks, and dirt from the wool or other fibrous
substances while in the gills, fallers, or other sharp-pointed instruments by the
use of a card or comb passing through the fibrous substance projecting from
the gills or fallers before drawing it, or before it departs from the main body
of the fibrous material under operation, we then draw a clean tuft of wool or
other fibrous substances from the gills or fallers.
Another part of our Invention relates to working gills or fallers by four or
eight chains instead of screws. We are aware that chain
We are aware that chain gills as been used
before, but not on the above principle. By the use of the four or eight chains
we can move the points of the gills or fallers perpendicular all the way
round; by the above means we can increase more than double the ordinary
speed, and dispense with the noise of the raising and falling of the fallers, and
also dispense with the wear and tear of the screws and the cams.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PREPARING AND MOULDING CLAY INTO BRICKS, TILES, PIPES, AND OTHER SIMILAR MANUFACTURES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Talbot Pitman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th March
1858. A communication from a citizen of the United States of America.
I, JOHN TALBOT PITMAN, of the American and European Patent Offices, 67,
Gracechurch Street, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF PREPARING AND MOULDING CLAY INTO
BRICKS, TILES, PIPES, AND OTHER SIMILAR MANUFACTURES," a communication
from a citizen of the United States of America, to be as follows:-
They consist in the treatment of the crude clay by first passing it between
two metallic rollers in the bottom of a hopper so geared as to revolve at
unequal velocities, and brought near together. By their operation the crushing
and grinding actions are combined to temper and refine the clay; this is then
passed through the ordinary pug mill, the upright shaft having radial blades
so enclosed as to force the mass down through the open bottom into a channel,
whose inner side consists of the surface of a large cylinder revolving on a
vertical axis, while the outer one is formed of a series of small rollers, also
revolving on vertical shafts which are geared to the shaft of the large cylinder.
A series of adjustable elastic or spring guard plates subtend the angular spaces
between, and are in contact with the small rollers, and allow the periphery of each
roller to project somewhat beyond them into the channel; this channel is pro-
tected at the top and bottom by strong plates. The clay introduced here receives
more kneading and tempering, and the superfluous moisture is disengaged, so
that by the time it arrives at the last rollers it is formed into a tenacious

page_text: homogenous mass, & is ready to be forced into the die. The channel may
vary in width according to the character of the clay or the quantity required
to be worked, generally from one quarter of an inch to an inch. The clay is
then forced into a forming die, where in passing the mass is cut into the length
of brick or other article by a revolving knife consisting of two thin blades
fixed upon the extremities of a revolving arm so adjusted as to pass through
narrow slits left in the forming die, and cut the clay while the mass is in
motion; thus cut, it is forced onward by the pressure of the incoming mass
out on to an endless belt & taken away:
The article thus made has a fine surface, and to a certain extent glazed
and adapted for being enamelled in the usual way, which is one of the improve-
ments claimed under the Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND-LEVER SELF-INKING PRINTING PRESSES FOR PRINTING CARDS, ENVELOPES, BILL HEADS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1858

page_text: rotection,
nouce to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed by
the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Talbot Pitman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th February
1858. A communication from Samuel J. Smith, of New York, U.S.
I, JOHN TALBOT PITMAN, of the American and European Patent Office, 67,
Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND-LEVER SELF-INKING PRINTING
PRESSES FOR PRINTING CARDS, ENVELOPES, BILL HEADS, AND OTHER ARTICLES," (a
communication,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that description of presses which are intended. to
print envelopes, cards, and similar small articles. I attach my type or printing
surface on a lever fitted in such a manner that the face of the type come up
before inking into a vertical position, so as to be readily cleaned when necessary,
and so that the operator can see after inking the same that all parts have been
uniformly inked. The impression being given by turning the lever to a right
angle from the before-mentioned position, the inking roller is kept to the type
by a spring, and the lever arm on which it moves is so adjusted by a set screw
that the type or printing surface strikes the roller exactly in the position to
ink the edge roll over the type and then pass into an ink table, where the ink
is distributed on the roller by an automatic arrangement of spiral springs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBS, GILLS, HACKLES, AND SIMILAR IMPLEMENTS USED IN SILK, WOOL, AND FLAX MACHINERY, AND IN THE METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Richards Harding at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
December 1858.
I, THOMAS RICHARDS HARDING, of Leeds, in the County of York, Hackle
Pin Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBS, GILLS, HACKLES, AND SIMILAR IMPLEMENTS USED IN SILK,
WOOL, AND FLAX MACHINERY, AND IN THE METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME," to be
as follows:
My improvements relate, first, to the making of flat pins; such pins hitherto
when forged have been flattened by the hammer, and those ground on the
wire have been flattened generally by a stamp worked by the foot, and then
cut off the shaft or rod of the wire, leaving thereon a flat piece, which also
had to be cut off before the wire could be repointed. It thus required two
cuttings for each pin flattened, besides causing a loss of wire. I cut off the
pins in the forged or ground state previous to flattening, and then feed them
into a machine for the purpose, consisting of one or more pairs of rolls, which
may be so approached to each other as to give during their motion any degree
of flattening required. This method is not only more expeditious, but produces
the pins manufactured, by each adjustment of the same set of rollers, of an
uniform shape and size.
Second, up to this time flat pins have been made of a width more than
double their thickness, and two holes have been drilled as near to each other

page_text: as possible, so that when the piece was cut out between the two holes it might
correspond with the form of the flattened pin.
My improvements further consist in flattening pins only partially, or less
than it has been the habit of the trade to do, but still for the whole length of
the pin, the object being to have them so flattened that they may be driven
into the stocks so as only to require one hole for each several pin, without
requiring any morticing whatever. In this case the pin would be firmly held
in the direction of its width, or in the direction of the material operated upon.
The advantage of such less flattened pins is not only to give more strength,
but to give a greater space of material between the pins, and prevent the
splitting of the stocks, which occurs with round pins when they are set in the
rows closely together. They offer besides another advantage, by making the
spaces above the stocks nearly parallel, so that the fibrous substances can work
in them more freely, and thus overcomes the great objection to round pins, of
tying or binding the fibres at the root by reason of their more conical shape.
Third, my improvements further consist in using flattened or partially
flattened pins in machinery, in which the pins are soldered on the stocks in
lieu of the rounded pins heretofore used in such machinery. This will afford
more space for the solder between the pins, and such pins may be set closer
together than any given size could be without being flattened.
THE FILTRATION OF DISSOLVED SUGAR & OTHER LIQUORS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Elers and Ludwig Fink
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 24th December 1858.
We, WILLIAM ELERS, of Lambeth Street and Goodmanstile, Whitechapel,
Middlesex, Sugar Refiner, and LUDWIG FINK, of the same Place, Sugar
Boiler, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE FILTRATION
OF DISSOLVED SUGAR & OTHER LIQUORS," to be as follows:-
perforated with one or more
The two bottoms are placed
A vessel with two bottoms, the upper one
holes, to which are attached the bag or filter.
apart from each other, thereby forming a chamber into which the liquor to be
filtered is introduced by a pipe from a higher level, which liquor rises through
the hole or holes into the bag or filter, & when filtered, escapes by a passage
or pipe placed above the chamber, as before described, between the two
bottoms, while the scum, sullage, and refuse remains in the said chamber, or
may fall into another chamber placed below it, from whence through a door
or aperture constructed for that purpose, the scum, sullage, or refuse can be
removed, and the chamber cleansed without disturbing the bags or filter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GIVING OR OBTAINING PUBLICITY AND OF ADVER- TISING EITHER BY DAY OR BY NIGHT
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Welton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th December
1858.
I, THOMAS WELTON, of 29, New Compton St., Soho, in the County of
Middlesex, Artificial Limb Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GIVING OR OBTAINING PUBLICITY AND OF ADVER-
TISING EITHER BY DAY OR BY NIGHT," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to a method of illuminating facias, fanlights, show or
advertising boards, or tablets, names of streets or stations, or other places
requiring publicity, in such manner that the lettering or other device shall be
seen distinctly both by night and by day, and this I effect in the following
manner, that is to say, I allow artificial light either to pass through certain
openings cut or formed in an opaque or semi-opaque ground, such
openings forming the desired letters, designs, or devices, or I use opaque
letters upon a transparent or semi-transparent ground; and I purpose to
carry this into effect by making a box or case either of wood, metal, or other
material, through which I pass an ordinary gun barrel or other gas pipe, in
which are inserted such a number of jets or burners as may be required.
Upon one side of this box or case the required lettering or device is placed;
and I propose, when necessary, to place reflectors of metal or other material
in any required position, in such a manner that the light from the jets or
burners may be reflected through the portion of the case or box upon which

page_text: the lettering or device is placed, by which means it will be distinctly visible
by night, or when required. The light may also be reflected in such manner
as to illuminate or light up the goods exhibited in the windows of shops or
other places. The cover of the before-mentioned case or box is made to open
with hinges or otherwise, for the purpose of cleansing or repairing, and such
openings are formed in the lower or other portion of the box or case as may
be required for lighting the gas, supplying air to support combustion, or for
other purposes; and I also propose to use the apparatus as a means of
ventilating shops or other places to which it is affixed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SYRINGES FOR MALE AND FEMALE USE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Swain Champness at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
September 1858.
I, WILLIAM SWAIN CHAMPNESS, of 10, Osborne Terrace, Clapham Road,
Surrey, Gent"., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SYRINGES FOR MALE AND FEMALE USE," to be as follows:-
The use of glass tubes of the forms shown on the Drawings in connection
with an india-rubber or other elastic ball or chamber attached thereto, as also
shown on the Drawings. Figs. A represent the elastic chamber, and Figs. B
the glass tube respectively; Figs. C, D, E, F, G, represent the various mouths
I propose to use respectively; C, trumpet-shaped; D, spherical; E, rounded;
F and G, pointed. Fig. 6 represents another mode of fixing the elastic
chambers, the glass tube being carried inside as shown at H. I propose to
form the lip I either by the glass moulded in that form, or by a wood, or
metal, or other ring afterwards attached.
A MODE OF VARYING THE LENGTH AND REVERSING THE DIRECTION OF THE THROW OF AN EXCENTRIC, APPLICABLE TO THE REVERSING GEAR OF LOCOMOTIVES, AND EXPANSION GEAR OF OTHER STEAM ENGINES, AND TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
February 1858.-A communication.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A MODE OF VARYING THE LENGTH AND
REVERSING THE DIRECTION OF THE THROW OF AN EXCENTRIC, APPLICABLE TO
THE REVERSING GEAR OF LOCOMOTIVES, AND EXPANSION GEAR OF OTHER STEAM
ENGINES, AND TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of applying a double oblique slide to an
excentric to vary or reverse the throw thereof by moving the said slide longitu-
dinally to the axis of the shaft of the excentric. The Invention is particularly
applicable to the valve excentrics of locomotives and other steam engines,
supplying the place of the link motion, for by a proper arrangement of the
parts a constant "lead" of the valve under all the required changes of condition
of the excentric is provided for.
The excentric shaft which, to illustrate the application of the Invention to a
steam engine, is represented with a crank at one end, is made square for a con-
siderable portion of its length, but provided with journals fitted to rotate in
bearings in two fixed standards. Upon the squared part of the shaft works a

page_text: double oblique slide consisting of a block of metal having a square hole in it
to receive the shaft, and having two of its sides parallel longitudinally with
the square hole, and its other two sides parallel with each other, but at an
angle of about 15° to the square hole.
In the excentric a slot is cut obliquely to receive the double oblique slide
and ensure the parallelism of the axis of the excentric with that of the shaft.
Two standards with circular heads are secured on opposite sides of the excentric,
and serving to prevent it moving laterally while it is free to rotate; these
standards have open circular heads through which the double oblique slide is
capable of working freely. This slide is connected by a loose collar and link
to a hand lever, the movement of which will cause the slide to traverse in the
slot of the excentric, and increase or diminish the amount of its excentricity,
or reverse the direction of the throw of the excentric as required.
IMPROVED ELASTIC BEDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Charles Victor Yon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th December 1858.
I, LOUIS CHARLES VICTOR YON, of the Town of Lisieux, Department of
the Calvados, Empire of France, Upholsterer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVED ELASTIC BEDS," to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is especially intended to facilitate the carriage
or package of spring mattresses by a mode of construction which permits of
their being folded up either in length or in breadth. To effect this the spring
mattresses are divided into different parts, which may assume a square, oblong,
or other convenient shape, and which are tied together with gutta percha
bands. In order to give the spring mattresses the shape intended, and enable
them to retain it, I make use of hinge springs, and I maintain the opening
in breadth by means of rattans. This method is applicable not only to spring
mattresses, but also to the bolster and pillow, whether they be adherent or
not. The various parts of the spring mattresses bolsters thus tied may thus
not only be very easily rolled up, but they occupy in this manner much less
room, and may be much more easily placed either into a piece of furniture
or elsewhere than those manufactured in the usual way.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
May 1858. A communication from Pierre Theophile Trocard, of
Cauderon, near Bordeaux, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," (a communication
from Pierre Theophile Trocard, of Cauderon, near Bordeaux, in the Empire of
France), to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the means of constructing an umbrella or
a parasol in such a manner that the stick or handle may not be in the centre
when the umbrella or parasol is open. The benefit or advantage to be derived
from such a construction being, that the middle part of the umbrella or
parasol- may be brought and held more conveniently over the head of the
person using it.
I effect this by any of the following plans:-
First, by placing the handle and the ribs' support excentrically, and dimi-
nishing progressively the length of the ribs on nearing the side where the
handle is placed.
Second, by making the handle with an arm or elbow projecting from the

page_text: centre, directly under the stretchers, when the umbrella is open; the said arm
being hinged or otherwise connected with the upper and lower parts of the
divided stick, and retained in its horizontal position by means of a rod con-
necting the upper and lower parts of the said stick.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Schmidt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th November
1858.
I, GUSTAVE SCHMIDT, of No. 2, Caroline Street, Bedford Square, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object "Improvements in the Manufacture of
Cast-iron Pipes." In constructing moulds for casting iron pipes a hollow iron
pattern of the ordinary description is employed, and this is laid on a table and
secured to it by bolts; the top of this table is hollowed out so as to allow just
one half of the pattern to descend below its upper surface. If the hollow
formed in the table is wider than the diameter of the pattern, the extra space
is filled by strips of wood put in on each side; on to the table and over the
pattern a rectangular frame is placed, the ends of which are arched to pass
over the ends of the pattern; the width and length of the opening in this frame
are about one inch greater than the diameter and the length respectively of the
pipe to be made. The portion of the pattern above the surface of the table is
then covered all over with a suitable thickness of loam, the loam being
brought to a uniform thickness by a bar or template moving about the central
axis of the pattern; this coating of loam is dried by turning steam into the
interior of the pattern, which is closed at the end and connected with a steam
pipe for the purpose. When the loam is sufficiently set the rectangular frame
is to be lifted up so as to withdraw the half mould of loam from the pattern,

page_text: but before this is done (and before the loam is dried) it is closed in at the two
ends by arched plates or castings, which are fixed by bolts or keys to the
curved ends, and also to the straight sides of the rectangular frame, and on
these plates or castings are fixed bars connecting together the two end plates,
and bearing on the surface of the loam. The bars are held against the loam
at several points in the length of the pipe by semicircular pieces passing over
the mould and attached to the two sides of the rectangular frame. After the
half mould has been removed from the pattern and been dried, the interior
surface is finished, blacked, and again dried, and then two of the half moulds,
with their supporting frames, plates, and bars, are clamped together, and a
core introduced between them; afterwards the casting is effected in the usual
manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF PRODUCING EM- BROIDERY
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Bordas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th June
1858.
I, CHARLES BORDAS, of No. 8, Upper Stamford Street, Blackfriars Road,
London, Designer in Embroidery, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF PRODUCING EM-
BROIDERY," to be as follows:-
Firstly, I produce the desired pattern on the cloth, paper, or other material,
either by stamping, tracing, or printing.
Secondly, I take the braid, tape, or other material, and go over the pattern
so formed, and by any suitable stitch, or by the satin-stitch point, I produce
the embroidery, which when finished is easily separated from the material on
which the pattern is traced, stamped, or printed, by which method I can
produce any pattern of embroidery with great expedition and cheapness.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NECKTIES, SCARFS, OR CRAVATS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph James Welch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
December 1858.
I, JOSEPH JAMES WELCH, of 17, Cheapside, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF NECKTIES, SCARFS, OR CRAVATS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in letting in, inserting, or attaching ornamental ends
or tips to the ends of neckties, scarfs, or cravats; and such ornamental ends or
tips may be so attached by the aid of the sewing machine or by hand work.
And although such ornamental ends or tips may be ordinarily of a plain even
insertion, I prefer to have "indented" or cross-cut ornamental patterns so
attached or let in to the ends of neckties, scarfs, or cravats.
A METHOD OF PREPARING PAPER FOR RECEIVING STAINS OR COPIES FROM LETTERS AND OTHER WRITINGS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hilary Nicholas Nissen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th June 1858.
J, HILARY NICHOLAS NISSEN, of 43, Mark Lane, in the City of London,
Stationer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
METHOD OF PREPARING PAPER FOR RECEIVING STAINS OR COPIES FROM LETTERS
AND OTHER WRITINGS," to be as follows:-
My Invention applies to that description of paper now ordinarily used in
a damp state for taking press copies of letters and other written instruments.
It consists in preparing the paper by coating or impregnating it with a solu-
tion or other preparation of catechunic acid and iodine, whereby the paper
upon being damped with clear water in the ordinary manner of damping
copying paper will receive a stain from writings written with ordinary writing
ink.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALDS USED IN LOOMS AND DRESSING FRAMES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Haslam and John Lutener
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 7th December 1858.
We, JOHN HASLAM, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Book-keeper, and
JOHN LUTENER, of the same Place, Shuttle Maker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALDS USED IN LOOMS AND
DRESSING FRAMES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of metal
healds for weaving, and also to the application of healds composed of metal to
dressing frames used in preparing yarns for the loom. The improvements
consist in the use of several perfectly flat thin strips of metal, having two holes
perforated in them on their flat sides, namely, one at or near the top, and the
other at or near the middle of the strip. The top hole admits of the passage
therethrough of a wire, which suspends the strips side by side in a row, whilst
the middle hole is for the warp to pass through, which it does sideways, the
hole being made at right angles to the direction of such threads. The several
strips are kept from moving forward or backward at their lower ends by a wire
placed on either side of them at or near their lower extremities, whilst at the
same time the metal strips or healds are perfectly free to be moved or adjusted
laterally. The supporting and steadying wires are carried by an upper and
lower slave through the intervention of stays and end pieces.

page_text: These healds are applicable to the weaving of wirework as well as to the
weaving of fibrous substances. The improvements in healds for dressing
frames consist in the substitution of metal healds for those hitherto used in
such machines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER, AND OF APPLYING IT
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Nasmyth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th February
1858.
I, JAMES NASMYTH, of Lille, in the Empire of France, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER, AND OF APPLYING IT," to be as follows:-
In a moveable tube, cylinder, or any suitable vessel I place a piston and
close the aperture behind the piston by a metallic plate. I introduce between
the piston and the metallic plate steam, compressed air, or the pressure of
water or any liquid or fluid. A rod from the piston comes in contact with an
arm from a vertical shaft-moving on a pivot, and the tube, cylinder, or other
suitable vessel is made to rotate, or is made to move forward horizontally by a
rod issuing from the tube, cylinder, or any suitable vessel, by which motive
power is obtained and applied. I place a piston with its rod in an exhausted
tube, cylinder, or any, suitable vessel; the rod passes through the bottom, and
by the pressure of the air on the piston motive power is obtained and applied.
I fix on the tube an arm, which, as the tube turns round, comes in contact
with a projection on the vertical shaft.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING CHECKS IN POWER LOOMS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Nimmo at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th September
1858.
I, WILLIAM NIMMO, of Manchester, Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING
CHECKS IN POWER LOOMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in weaving checks in power
looms. For these purposes the warp is arranged in a loom as heretofore,
according to the size of the check to be woven; the same weft is employed for
weaving the thicker stripes or tapes as is used for the weaving of the other
parts of the fabrics. The peculiarity of the Invention consists in arranging a
power loom in such manner, that from time to time it shall cause a greater
number of picks of the weft to be thrown into a given length of fabric than
at other times. The fabrics may be plain, twilled, or figured. The manner
of from time to time changing the speed of the take-up of the fabric, so as to
obtain the desired check may be greatly varied, and the relative quantity of
weft put into the stripes or tapes across a fabric, and the other portions of the
fabric intermediate of the stripes or tapes may be greatly varied according to
the effect desired to be obtained. I use any suitable pattern surface or
counting apparatus to act on or with the take-up of the loom, so that during
the time of weaving a stripe or tape across a fabric, the take-up of the fabric

page_text: shall for a time be rendered slower than at the time of weaving the other
parts of the fabric, and according to the greater number of shoots of weft it is
determined shall be introduced into the stripe or tape across a fabric over what
is thrown into the other parts of the fabric intermediate of the stripes or tapes
across the fabric.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC & SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES & WIRES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Maybury Archer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
August 1858.
I, CHARLES MAYBURY ARCHER, of the Morning Herald & Standard News-
papers, & of 3, St James' Gardens, Haverstock Hill, Hampstead Rd., do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC
& SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES & WIRES," to be as follows:-
(After some months' attention to the subject,) namely, that of manufacturing
an elastic cylindrical spring or spiral cable formed in continuous close rings,
composed as to its inner core of the present materials, but untwisted & not in
convolutions, but manufactured in the form of what are known as "check
springs" instead of a rigid & inflexible metallic rope, so that when distorted
& compressed by paying-out or other causes it may have the power of resisting
longitudinal strain & of restoring itself & giving it the amplest power of
tension & expansion.
I claim the application of the check spring or cylindrical wire spring or
spiral principle to submarine telegraph cables & wires, & to all cables, ropes, &
rigging, or of any portions of the same.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Inshaw and Joseph Inshaw
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 17th December 1858.
We, JOHN INSHAW, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Engineer,
and JOSEPH INSHAW, of Birmingham aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES," to be as follows:-
Our said Invention consists in the application to locomotive engines of the
mechanism hereinafter explained for the purpose of enabling the driver to
connect or gear the driving wheels to the leading or trailing wheels, or to both
at pleasure, without stopping the said locomotive or moving from his place
thereon. The object of our said Invention is to effect greater adhesion of the
wheels of the locomotive to the rails, and thereby to facilitate the ascent of
inclines and the progression of the locomotive on rails made slippery by rain or
otherwise, and for increasing the traction of the engine in general. In carrying
our Invention into effect, we place a friction wheel between the driving and
leading wheels, and another friction wheel between the driving and trailing
wheels, the said friction wheels being so situated that by a slight motion of their
bearings they may be brought upon the peripheries of the driving and leading
wheels and the driving and trailing wheels respectively of the locomotive.
said leading wheels or trailing wheels, or both, are thus geared to the driving
wheel, and receiving motion therefrom facilitate the advance of the locomotive by
their adhesion to the rails. The friction wheels may be brought into contact
with the driving and leading wheels, and trailing wheels, either by the action
The

page_text: of a piston rod worked by a steam cylinder or by any other mechanical agent
under the control of the engine driver. Where thought desirable, self-acting
mechanism may be used for the purpose of bringing the friction wheels into
operation without the intervention of the driver or other person. We some-
times arrange the said friction wheels so that they shall remain constantly in
gear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE FINISHING OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Sampson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th July 1858.
I, GEORGE SAMPSON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Finisher, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE FINISHING OF WOVEN FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
When in the finishing process steam has been employed to act downwards
upon the fabric under operation, considerable inconvenience is often expe-
rienced by the particles of water carried forward with the steam falling upon
such fabric, and thereby producing spots and imperfections. And the object
of my Invention is to separate such particles of water from the dry steam, so
that only the dry steam may act upon the fabric.
For this purpose, in place of the jets of steam as they come from the steam
pipe acting direct down upon the fabric, the cover to such pipe forming a
chamber to confine the steam, and cause it to act more fully on the fabric, is
provided with an internal roof or guard upon which the steam first acts, and
rising above and within the lower edges of this internal roof or guard, yet
so as to admit of the dry steam rising between them, there are side boards or
frames, and the lower edges of these side frames lead to gutters by which the
particles of water become separated from the dry steam, and are conducted
away by suitable pipes, and the dry steam alone acts on the fabric.

page_text: Other numbers of side plates or frames may be employed, each overlapping
the other, yet so as to leave passage for the steam to rise upwards towards
the centre of tho chamber, whilst the more liquid parts are conducted to the
troughs or gutters.
I also apply pressing rollers to press the fabric after passing from the steam
chest to the winding on roller.
Also the improvements relate to applying within such steam cover a vessel
for sizing or other matter, such as with which it may be desirable to impreg-
nate the fabric being heated, and in causing the steam to open into such sizing
or other matter, in order to cause the sizing or other matter therein, or the
essential part thereof, to flow therefrom in the vapour, and in such manner
and by means as referred to, be conducted to the fabric, whilst any more
liquid particles will be conducted away by the troughs. In some cases I
operate upon the fabric by a series of such chambers in succession, when the
first may have pure steam, and the succeeding be provided also with vessels
for sizing and other matters, as explained, and whilst the steam is operating as
explained on the upper side of the fabric, it will be acting through a chamber
or trough on the under side as is well understood.
When using a series of these chambers, I sometimes act upon the fabric by
rollers intermediate thereof.
IMPROVED APPARATUS TO FACILITATE THE DISCHARGE OF SMOKE AND PREVENT ITS RETURN, WHICH SAID APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Howorth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th April
1858.
I, JAMES HOWORTH, of Farnworth, in the County of Lancaster, Tin-plate
Worker, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS TO FACILITATE THE DISCHARGE OF SMOKE AND PREVENT ITS RETURN,
WHICH SAID APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS,"
to be as follows:-
The apparatus consists in an exterior can or casing of metal, within which
is supported a central vertical rod or spindle, upon the upper extremity of
which is placed a cap (forming a cover to such casing), which may either be
conically shaped or otherwise, and having curved or spiral openings at the
sides for the discharge or emission of smoke when employed at the top of a
chimney for such purposes. Upon this central spindle, and within the said
casing, at a point about the middle of its length, a conical and spirally leaved
vane is placed, and kept in constant rotation by the ascending current, and is
also so arranged as to admit of the passage of the smoke or current of air in
an upward direction, but to prevent its return or downward passage by its

page_text: continual rotation in the same direction. When used for the purpose of
facilitating the discharge of smoke, the apparatus is to be placed at the top
of the chimney or flue, and then employed for the purposes of ventilation
it may be situated in the roof or ceiling, or other convenient part of the
building; or the action may be reversed, so as to supply a down draught of
air if required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENTS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Fullwood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
September 1858.
I, EDWARD FULLWOOD, of Queen's Square, Bristol, in the County of
Gloucester, Cement Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENTS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in mixing a small proportion of sulphate of iron with
lime, whereby the lime is converted into or receives the properties of cement,
preventing it from bursting after use and rendering it hard. The proportions
of the sulphate of iron and lime which are most proper to be used for the
purpose of effecting this conversion depend upon the nature and quality of the
lime, and upon the kind of sulphate employed.
AN IMPROVED HELMET
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Towell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
September 1858.
I, JOHN WILLIAM TOWELL, of Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
HELMET," to be as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention, which has for its object to improve the manufacture of
helmets, with the view to rendering them lighter of construction and better
adapted for deflecting the heat or rays of the sun than hitherto, consists in
forming the same of two or more layers of cork, united through the medium
of intermediate layers of cloth coated with gum, shell lac, or other suitable
adhesive substance, a block or mould being employed for producing the desired
form or shape, whereby a union of the cork and intermediate cloth is effected,
and the necessary strength and durability obtained, in connection with which
the head leather or lining, with suitable perforations, is so arranged as to admit
of air passing through the same into the body of the helmet for the purpose of
ventilation.
A CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENT IN VENETIAN BLINDS
Year: 1858

page_text: mis invention received
rotection, out
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Atkinson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th July
1858.
I, CHARLES ATKINSON, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENT IN VENETIAN BLINDS," to be as follows":―
This Invention consists in the novel application, employment, and use of
thin strips or tapes of refined cast steel, or other steel, as a substitute for the
tapes ordinarily employed for "mounting" the laths in the construction of
venetian blinds," the vertical tapes being hinged to admit of their folding up,
and by such substitution or use of steel the blind may be employed also as a
strong and secure shutter, the lower ends of the tapes being fastened down as
required.
The above named improvement when employed in combination with my
former Patent, dated 23rd April 1858, No. 897, will constitute a complete
steel venetian blind" and "shutter."
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOK SLIDES OR HOLDERS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hine and Abraham
Abrahams, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 24th August 1858.
We, JOSEPH HINE & ABRAHAM ABRAHAMS, both of St. John Street Road,
in the County of Middlesex, Fancy Cabinet Makers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOK SLIDES OR HOLDERS,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to book slides or holders for carrying books from
place to place, which, as well understood, consist of a kind of tray or board
furnished with hinged ends, forming also hand holds. This board or tray is
made in parts, so as to slide and extend to a greater or less length according
to the number of books to be carried, & so that the ends may abut against
the books held therein..
Our Invention consists in the application of elastic webbing to the sliding
part of the tray, whereby it has a constant tendency to to contract & grip the
books held in the tray or holder. The slide can be extended as usual to
receive a greater or less number of books, & when any of the books are
withdrawn, the slide immediately collapses on those remaining in it. We
apply a webbing of about the breadth of the narrow part of the slide, & so
as to close the blank space usually left open by extending it. Instead of
elastic webbing, spiral or other suitable springs may be applied to impart the
contracting force.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING SURFACES ON WHICH TO PRINT MAPS AND OTHER DESIGNS
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
ters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Betts at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th June
1858.
I, JOHN BETTS, of the Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Map Publisher,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OBTAINING SURFACES ON WHICH TO PRINT MAPS AND OTHER DESIGNS," to be as
follows:-
I propose to take a woven or textile fabric, or other suitable foundation
material. I apply thereon a coating of pigment, combined with boiled
linseed oil, diluting the oil in case of need with either alcoholic or resinous
spirit, as may be preferred. This coating is laid on to the foundation with a
brush, and afterwards scraped and rubbed down, or the latter only, until I
obtain a smooth, even, and absorbing surface. The occasional assistance of
caloric is obtained, if from the state of the atmosphere or other cause I
require it. On the surface so prepared I print the map or design, finishing
the work by sizing and varnishing. The pigments I use for white surfaces
are carefully prepared zinc, lead, or other whites, but I prefer the former.
I add pigments of various sorts and colors when I require various tints, and
sometimes to improve the body of the composition or coating above described.
MENTS IN RAILWAY CARRIAGE BRAKES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Sampson, John Machon,
and James Bartholomew at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd November 1858.
We, JAMES SAMPSON, JOHN MACHON, and JAMES BARTHOLOMEW, all of
Sheffield, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN RAILWAY CARRIAGE BRAKES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in placing beneath the end of every carriage an
horizontal steam cylinder, with an outlet at its upper end; this outlet com-
municates with a pipe running the entire length of the carriages, the connect--
ing pipes between each carriage being made of any known elastic or pliable
material. The piston rod is jointed to a connecting link, which is also jointed
to the end of a bell crank lever; this lever actuates the brake blocks. When
the brakes are required to be put in action the driver has but to turn on the
steam, when it will enter all the cylinders about the same time, driving the
pistons back, by which means the brakes are applied to every carriage simul-
taneously; the train having come to a stand still, the guard can then blow
off the steam by a cock at the outlet pipe, and allow the carriages to take a
backward motion if necessary.