IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF MOULDING SUBJECTS OR DESIGNS IN GLASS OR CRYSTAL FOR ORNAMENTING THEM INWARDLY, AND IMPROVED TOOLS OR APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Léon Victor Hue, Mechanician, and Charles Rozière,
Chemist, both of 36; Rue de Malte, Paris, in the Empire of France, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF MOULDING SUBJECTS OR
DESIGNS IN GLASS OR CRYSTAL FOR ORNAMENTING THEM INWARDLY, AND
IMPROVED TOOLS OR APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Léon Victor Hue and
Charles Rozière at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 5th August 1867.
We, LÉON VICTOR HUE, Mechanician, and CHARLES ROZIÈRE, Chemist,
both of 36, Rue de Malte, Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF MOULDING
SUBJECTS OR DESIGNS IN GLASS OR CRYSTAL FOR ORNAMENTING THEM INWARDLY,
AND IMPROVED TOOLS OR APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH," to be as
follows:
Protection is sought for the processes of manufacture, and the tools which
we employ for the ornamentation of a variety of articles made of glass or
crystal, such as for example, door knobs, parts of balusters, ornaments of bed
or curtain poles or supports, paper weights, drinking glasses, vases for toilet

page_text: and other uses, water bottles, smelling bottles, salt cellars, inkstands, parts of
lustres, or globes for gas or other lights. By means of punches or stamps of
wrought or cast iron, copper, or steel suitably chased or engraved, which we
apply on the glass warm enough to be very soft, we imprint the designs of
these stamps on the glass of which they then form the ornamentation; we
then cover or envelope these ornamentations with other pieces of glass
soldered. by their edges to those ornamented, in such a way that the glass
object thus manufactured, whether a door knob, smelling bottle, or other
article is ornamented in its interior, so to say, in the body of the glass, the
exterior surfaces of the article being perfectly smooth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Léon Victor Hue and Charles Rozière in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 4th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, LÉON VICTOR.
HUE, Mechanician, and CHARLES. ROZIÈRE, .Chemist, both of 36, Rue de
Malte, Paris, in. the Empire of France, send greeting...
...WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of August, in the year of our, Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Léon Victor Hue and Charles Rozière, Her special licence that we, the said
Léon Victor Hue and Charles Rozière, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Léon Victor: Hue and Charles. Rozière,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times, thereafter during the térm
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF
MOULDING SUBJECTS OR DESIGNS IN GLASS OR CRYSTAL FOR ORNAMENTING THEM
INWARDLY, AND IMPROVED TOOLS OR. APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Léon Victor Hue and Charles
Rozière, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Léon Victor Hue and Charles Rozière,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Our Invention consists in producing all kinds of articles in glass with
internal decorations by pressing, blowing, or doubling them in moulds, that is
to say, that these ornamentations are printed (incrusted) on the glass when
almost in a state of fusion with engraved punches or stamps, and that they
are afterwards covered with other pieces of glass welded or fused on to the
ornamented ones; these decorations are therefore imprisoned in the mass of
glass, for which reason we name them internal or inward decorations. For
this purpose we use stamps or punches suitably chased or engraved, either. in
hollow or in relief, and we press them on the nearly molten glass held in a
mould; then we immediately cover these impressions or incrustations with
other pieces of glass, also very hot, and prepared in such wise that they weld
or solder by their edges only with the piece which has just been ornamented.
It is thus that we obtain door knobs or handles, pateras, knobs of balusters,
and similar articles ornamented in their interior and perfectly smooth on the
exterior. It will be understood that these ornamentations may be excessively
varied, inasmuch as the stamps may bear any kind of design, even inscriptions,
emblems, or portraits. We might also incrust in the softened glass with
suitably arranged punches or stamps certain ornamentations bearing filigranes
of gold, silver, or of colored enamels, and then cover them with glass, as already
set forth; the glass worker will therefore find numberless resources in. our
Invention.
In certain cases to ornament decanters, smelling bottles, drinking glasses,
and similar articles we have been obliged to compose a box with mechanical
stamps or punches. They are several stamps united in a cast-iron box, and
set in motion all together by combinations of screws, levers, eccentrics, and
so on. This box is introduced into the centre of a mould containing glass
almost in a state of fusion, then this glass flows around the said box and by
means of a key all the stamps are driven out and imprint themselves in the
said glass, the stamps are then immediately re-entered and the box removed;
thus we have a piece of glass hollow and ornamented on its inner surface. Then
introducing into this piece a glass cylinder ("manchon ") blown and prepared
in another mould, and welding these two parts by their edges, we have a piece

page_text: of hollow glass lined or doubled and ornamented, which the workman softens
at the fire and shapes to make either a decanter, a smelling bottle, or any
kind of vase. The article thus manufactured is therefore ornamented in the
thickness of the glass, and smooth on all its exterior surfaces.
+
To complete the description of our Invention we will now give an ex-
planatory and methodical statement of the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Figures 1 and 2 represent (one-quarter size) a press serving for the
manufacture of knobs or handles for doors or locks; Figures 3, 4, and 5 are
the details of one of the jaws which serve to weld or solder the two pieces of
glass of which the knob is composed; Figures 6 and 7 represent (half size) the
stamp with which the knob is ornamented; Figures 8 and 9 represent (half
size) the mould with which the lap or covering of the knob is prepared ;
Figures 10 is a section of this doubling lap or covering.; Figure 11 is a
.section of the matrix in which the above-mentioned knob is moulded. In all
these Figures similar letters indicate similar parts.
A, matrix in which glass is placed almost in fusion to form the part a of the
knob or handle; B, lever, of the press carrying the engraved stamp b. It is
by bringing down this stamp into the matrix A and pressing it on the glass
which it contains that the part a, shewn Figure 11, is formed. This piece is
concave at its ornamented part because the stamp 6 is convex. This concavity
prevents injury to the projecting parts i, i, i, of the ornamentation when the
two parts of the knob are brought together. The other part d of this knob
or bandle is shaped between the jaws D and D¹ of the mould, Figures 8
and 9; it is also concave at e, e, as may be seen at Figure 10. The piece of
glass a which remains in the matrix being very hot, the other piece d also
very hot is placed on top of it (for this purpose it is, stuck at the. end of a
glass blower's pipe F; the levers H, H', are then grasped at their end and by
bringing them together the jaws G and G₁ enter into the matrix A; and, bear
on the edge of the piece d,, which welds or unites with the piece a. The knob
is therefore, made and the ornamentation.i, i, i, has remained intact, because
the parts a and d being concave they only touch, and weld by their edges.
Baluster knobs, pateras, paper weights, and analogous articles will be manu-
factured in the same manner.
:
A knob or bandle like the preceding may also be manufactured with
a blown cylinder ("manchon"), as shewn Figures 21, 22, and 23. J is
a glass cylinder blown in a mould and ornamented interiorly; the blowing
of this cylinder is, a well-known process, but that which is not known is
the method of its internal ornainentation. The stamp. L is placed on the

page_text: bead of the press or on a lever, and by lowering it into the, cylinder J when
it is in its mould and very hot the engraved part L' of this stamp imprints
itself in the glass; then the glass worker cuts the cylinder at the requisite
height, at M for example, and bending down the edges, as shewn at J", he
welds them and with a piece forms the neck K. Thus, the knob R, shewn in
dotted lines Figure 21, is hollow, ornamented in, its interior, and made by
blowing the knob of a baluster like that shewn Figure 23; a patera or similar
article would be made in like manner..
BOX WITH MECHANICAL STAMPS AND ARTICLES MANUFACTURED WITH
THIS BOX.
Figures 12 and 13 represent this box full size; Figure 14 is a vertical section
of it through its axis; Figure 15, a horizontal section at X, X; and Figure 16,
a section at X', X', at the foot of the working rod of the stamps.
C, C, C, C, are four stamps engraved on their outer face; each of these
stamps terminates in a tail piece e, e, el, e, the end, of which turns up and
forms a catch which lodges in one of the grooves or slots a, a, a, a, of the
foot A¹¹ of the working rod A; B is a cast-iron box in which the stamps are
lodged; the nipple or cap D presses on the foot A¹ of the rod A and acts as
guide and support to this rod. All being arranged as shewn on the Drawing it
is evident that if the rod A be turned in the direction indicated by the arrow
(Figure 16) the four stamps immediately come out of the box, and that to
re-enter them it is only necessary to turn the rod in the contrary direction.
It will be understood that the box might carry more or less than four stamps;
grooves or flutings might also be made in it, as those b, 61, 61, and the
bottom B' might also be engraved. These are further means, of ornamenting
the glass.
We will now describe the operation of this box, taking the manufacture of
a decanter for example:-The said box is set on the head of a press above a
matrix, into which is carried a certain quantity of glass almost in a state of
fusion, and the box B is immediately brought down into this glass, which
overflows and moulds itself around the box. The stamps are then made.to come
out by turning the rod A; they incrust themselves in the glass, are then made
to re-enter, and the box B, is withdrawn. In the piece of glass. thus prepared
is placed a cylinder or jacket (" manchon ") of white or colored glass (for
example like that P, Figure 24), the shape and dimensions of which fit
exactly in this piece; they are then welded or fused together by their edges;, we
have thus a hollow piece of glass ornamented in its thickness, which the glass

page_text: 'maker softens at the fire to make the decanter. This 'lining with an interior
jacket or envelope (“manchon ") is a process well known to glass blowers,
'but has never been used to manufacture articles ornamented in their thickness.
'Smelling bottles, drinking glasses, and all kinds of vases may be thus made.
.
Figure 25 represents a stamp or punch Q engraved at its base and
fluted around its periphery at 9, r, q, r, 9, r. On lowering this stamp into a
cylinder of glass heated to a high temperature it is ornamented in its interior,
and by lengthening or drawing out this cylinder "(manchon "), which glass
blowers call glass spinning, tubes will be obtained ornamented interiorly but
smooth on the outside, and which may be used in the decoration of apartments.
Figures 17 and 18 represent (half size) a mould for making lustre plates (or
flat drops, technically termed fiddle drops,) also ornamented in their thickness.
Figures 19 and 20 represent the stamps engraved for making this ornamen-
tation.
M and M¹ are the two parts of the mould united by a strong hinge m, each
carries a hollow matrix A, A', in which half a plate is moulded; for this purpose
hot glass is placed in each matrix, the engraved stamps D, D', are then
brought down on to them and incrust in the glass, the stamps or punches are
then immediately retired and seizing the handle P the mould is closed, when
the two half plates come the one on to other and weld or fuse together edge
to edge, because they are slightly concave. A plate (or fiddle drop) is thus
obtained made in two parts, ornamented in the thickness of the glass and smooth
on the exterior. Such are the most striking applications of our Invention.
To sum up, we claim,―
Firstly. A method of ornamenting glass by means of engraved or chased
stamps or punches which are applied on the hot glass, and the imprisonment
of these ornamentations, by covering them with other pieces of glass suitably
fused, soldered, or welded on to the ornamentated ones.
Secondly. The application of this method of ornamentation to the manu-
facture of all kinds of articles made in moulds by the press.
Thirdly. The application of the same method to the manufacture of all kinds
of articles made with blown cylinders " manchons soufflés."
Fourthly. This same ornamentation applied to articles blown and doubled
with an envelope "paraison" of white or colored glass.
Fifthly. The composition of boxes with mechanical stamps or punches, the
said stamps being internal, that is to say, in the box, or external, that is to
say, on the periphery of the box.
Sixthly. The composition and arrangement of our mould for making lustre

page_text: plates or fiddle drops in two parts, welded together and ornamented in the
thickness of the glass.
It will be evident that what we have described applies to the manufacture
of articles in crystal or in opal equally as well as to articles in glass, properly
so called, inasmuch as crystal and opal are only certain species of glass, and
are worked in the same manner.
In witness whereof, we, the said Léon Victor Hue and Charles Rozière,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-eight.
Witness,
BRESSON, F.
Rue de Malte, 36,
Paris.
L. V. HUE.
(L.S.)
CH. ROZIERE. (L.S.)