A MACHINE FOR CUTTING CHAFF AND KIBBLING OR GRINDING OATS AND OTHER CATTLE FOOD
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Reuben Hunt, of the Firm of Hunt and Tawell, of Earls
Colne, in the County of Essex, for an Invention of "A MACHINE FOR CUTTING
CHAFF AND KIBBLING OR GRINDING OATS AND OTHER CATTLE FOOD."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Reuben Hunt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January 1880.
REUBEN HUNT, of the Firm of Hunt and Tawell, of Earls Colne, in the County
of Essex. "A MACHINE FOR CUTTING CHAFF AND KIBBLING OR GRINDING OATS
AND OTHER CATTLE FOOD."
This Invention has for its object a machine for cutting chaff and kibbling or
grinding oats and other cattle food.
The machine consists of a trough for receiving the material to be cut into chaff,
and a pair of rollers by which it is fed forward and made to protrude from the
mouth or end of the trough, so as to come within reach of the knives of the
cutting wheel. These knives as the wheel rotates cut off at each passage as much
of the material as protrudes from the mouth. The same axis which carries the
wheel also has upon it a worm which engages with teeth formed on the faces of
two discs fixed on the necks of the feed rollers, and these discs being on opposite
sides of the worm, the rollers receive the opposite rotary motions which they
require. So far the arrangements are similar to those of chaff cutters heretofore
constructed by the firm of which I am a member, but in the combined machine, the
object of the present application, I continue the axis of the cutting wheel beyond
and behind the worm, and I mount a roller upon it suitable for kibbling or
grinding. I also provide a casing in which the roller is contained, and upon the
top of the casing is a hopper to contain the supply of oats or material to be kibbled or
ground. Within the casing also there is a cutting plate; it is hung upon pivots at
its upper end, and its lower end can be adjusted by means of a screw to a position
sufficiently close to the surface of the roller to prevent the material passing
between the two until it is crushed to the extent desired. The surface of the
roller is provided with teeth by which as it revolves it tends to carry the material
down past the cutting plate, and this plate has similar but opposed teeth, and the
two sets of teeth co-operate to grind or kibble the oats or other material, and
prepare it suitably for use as cattle food. I employ either a solid roller or one in
sections of moveable cutters, also a double roller for beans and oats.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Reuben Hunt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th July
1880.
REUBEN HUNT, of the Firm of Hunt and Tawell, of Earls Colne, in the County
of Essex. "A MACHINE FOR CUTTING CHAFF AND KIBBLING OR GRINDING OATS
AND OTHER CATTLE FOOD."
This Invention has for its object a machine for cutting chaff and kibbling or
grinding oats and other cattle food.
The machine consists of a trough for receiving the material to be cut into chaff,
and a pair of rollers by which it is fed forward and made to protrude from the
mouth or end of the trough, so as to come within reach of the knives of the
cutting wheel. These knives as the wheel rotates cut off at each passage as much
of the material as protrudes from the mouth. The same axis which carries the
wheel also has upon it a worm which engages with teeth formed on the faces of
two discs fixed on the necks of the feed rollers, and these discs being on opposite
sides of the worm, the rollers receive the opposite rotary motions which they
require.
So far the arrangements are similar to those of chaff cutters heretofore constructed
by the firm of which I ain a member, but in the combined machine the object of
the present application I continue the axis of the cutting wheel beyond and
behind the worm, and I mount a roller upon it suitable for kibbling or grinding.
I also provide a casing in which the roller is contained, and upon the top of the
casing is a hopper to contain the supply of oats or material to be kibbled or
ground. Within the casing also there is a cutting plate; it is hung upon pivots at
its upper end, and its lower end can be adjusted by means of a screw to a
position sufficiently close to the surface of the roller to prevent the material
passing between the two until it is crushed to the extent desired. The surface
of the roller is provided with teeth, by which as it revolves it tends to carry the
material down past the cutting plate, and this plate has similar but opposed teeth,
and the two sets of teeth co-operate to grind or kibble the oats or other material,
and prepare it suitably for use as cattle food. I employ either a solid roller or
one in sections of moveable cutters, also a double roller for beans and oats.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 is a front elevation, and Figure 3 is a
plan of a machine constructed according to my Invention for cutting chaff and
kibbling or grinding oats and other cattle food.
a is a trough into which the material to be cut into chaff is placed; it is
continued to a suitable length by the detachable part a' as is usual in chaff
cutters; the fore end only of the part a¹ is seen in Figure 1; b, b, are the axes
upon which the feed rollers are carried, and b¹, 6, are discs fixed upon the axes b, b,
and having teeth upon their faces; c is the wheel carrying the knives or cutters,
and d is the axis of this wheel. The axis d has upon it a worm d which engages
with the teeth upon the discs b¹, and so when the axis d is rotated by means of a
handle upon the wheel c (or otherwise) the feed rollers receive a motion causing
them to propel forward the material in the trough a at a suitable speed. The
axis d is prolonged for some distance beyond and behind the worm d' in order
that it may carry the toothed kibbling or grinding roller e. This roller is clearly
seen in Figure 4 which is a vertical section of this portion of the machine. The
roller e is contained within a casing f, and on the top of this casing is the hopper g
to receive the oats or other material to be kibbled or ground; h is a cutting plate,

page_text: also contained within the casing f; it is hung upon pivots h¹, h', and is set up
towards the roller e by the screw i which regulates the fineness to which the
material passing down between the roller e, and the plate h becomes crushed and
divided. The portion of the plate h upon which are the teeth, and which is
exposed especially to wear, is of steel; it is a separate piece driven into a dovetail
groove, and readily renewed when required. For the plate h there may sometimes
be substituted another roller upon an axis parallel to the axis d and geared with
it; but for most purposes the cutting plate his preferable; k is the spout by
which the kibbled or ground material is delivered. Figures 5 and 6 are plans
showing the mouth of the trough a with the cutting wheel c and other parts;
c, c', are the knives fixed upon the wheel c. In order that when the machine is
used for kibbling or grinding the knives c¹ may not rub against the mouth of the
trough and the material which the trough contains, I provide a stiff coiled spring
upon the axis d, between the front bearing of the axis and the boss of the wheel c;
m is the nut which retains the wheel c in its place upon the axis, and when this
nut is slackened the spring thrusts the wheel forward, so that the knives may
pass clear of the mouth of the trough and the material within it. To set the
machine for chaff cutting it is only necessary to screw home the nut m. The
direction in which the axis c is turned for chaff cutting is opposite to that in
which it is made to move when kibbling or grinding has to be done.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim, my combined
machine for cutting chaff and kibbling or grinding oats and other cattle food,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Reuben Hunt, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty second day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
1
REUBEN HUNT. (L.S.)