Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 1st June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 6th July, 1888
I, BENJAMIN TURNER, of 23 Marquess Road, Canonbury, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declaro the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My present invention relates to improvements in door springs, and is partly applic-
able to that class of door springs described in my prior Patent No. 16068 dated
6th December 1884, but it may also be applied to door springs of different construc-
tion, as will be hereinafter more fully described.
It consists broadly in the combination, with the spring which acts upon the door,
of a check cylinder fitted with a piston by means of which the slamming of the door
as it closes is entirely prevented.
For this purpose I employ a box to contain the spring, such box being let into the
floor so as to come flush therewith, and having a pivot projecting up to receive the
door in the usual manner.
According to one arrangement I make the box of circular form, and in it I insert a
tube open at top and having a bearing at bottom for the pivot which is to receive the
door. This spindle or pivot has its top bearing in a part secured to or forming part
of the outer case or box. On the spindle is secured a block having two cam grooves or
inclines formed therein. The inner tube does not extend to the bottom of the box,
and beneath it is arranged a plunger or piston having arms extending upwards at
opposite sides and passing through slots or grooves forming guides therefor and which
are made in the walls of the inner tube. On the upper end of each arm & roller is
mounted on a pin and engages one of the cam grooves in the block on the spindle.
A spring is placed in the well of the outer box and as the pivot turns when the door
is opened, the plunger or piston in such box will be caused to rise or descend thus
compressing or placing the spring in tension, and at the same time admitting air or
fluid to the opposite side of the piston, so that on the return of the door a cushion will
be formed for the piston to act against, a small opening only being provided for the
escape of the air or fluid, by which means all chance of slamming will be avoided.
The spring may either be of helical or spiral form; in the former case the movement
of the piston will compress same, and in the latter case the movement of the pivot
itself will increase the tension of the spring.

page_text: In order to obtain a double action when the door is required to open in both direc
tions, the check cylinder is preferably arranged at one side of the pivot instead of in a
line therewith, and its piston is connected to a roller working in the cam groove on
the block carried by the door pivot, which latter itself acts upon the spring.
The same arrangement may also be employed when a single action only is required.
Further the pivot to receive the door instead of forming part of the spring spindle
may also be arranged on one side thereof, and be connected to the latter so as to cause
it to rotate when the door is opened. A suitable arrangement for this purpose consists
in securing an arm to the pivot and mounting a roller on its outer end to work
between cheeks secured to the spring spindle, the piston rod of the check cylinder
being connected to one of such cheeks, so that this cylinder will in this case have to
be arranged horizontally and mounted on pivots to enable it to turn thereon as the
spring spindle revolves.
I prefer to arrange the lower bearing of the door pivot, and also the top bearing of
the spring spindle below the level of the top plate of the box from which the well to
receive the spring extends downwards, so that a chamber will thus be formed to
receive any suitable lubricant and efficiently lubricate both pivots; and further the
cheeks on the spring spindle between which the roller on the pivot arm works prefer-
ably form the sides of a box, closed at bottom and at both ends, but open at top to
receive the roller, so that such box will constitute a receptaclo for a lubricant to keep
the roller and the sides on which it acts efficiently lubricated. The check cylinder
will be arranged in such a position that the lubricant employed will not interfere with
its action.
In the above arrangement the spring employed will preferably be spiral, one end
being connected to the spindle and the other to the tube in which it is inserted.
When a double action is required the above arrangement is modified, the two cheeks
between which the roller on the pivot arm acts being secured one on the spring
spindle and the other on the spring tube, which latter must in this case be capable of
turning in the well of the box, so that when the door is opened one way the spring
spindle is turned in relation to the tube, while when the door is opened in the opposite
direction the tube will turn in relation to the spindle, a stop or abutment being
arranged between the two cheeks for each of them to bear against when the roller is
acting on the other cheek. In this case the rod of the piston which works in the
check cylinder will be connected to the arm of the pivot which receives the door.
Instead of the roller acting between the two cheeks above mentioned an arm may
be mounted loosely on the spring spindle and be provided with an opened top box or
trough to receive the roller, & having a lug projecting between the cheeks so that
the movement imparted to the loose arm will be communicated to one or other of the
cheeks, according to the direction in which the door is opened, thus compressing the
spring. The box or trough may as before serve as a receptacle for a suitable lubricant.
The rod of the piston of the check cylinder may in this case be connected to either
the loose arm on the spring spindle or to the roller arm on the pivot to receive the
door.
A still further modification consists in making the pivot a continuation of the
spring spindle so as to act directly thereon, and mounting an arm on such spindle
which itself forms the piston rod of the check cylinder, and causing the piston such
rods carries to enter and leave the check cylinder as the spindle is made to turn by
the opening and closing of the door.

page_text: I, BENJAMIN TURNER, of 23 Marquess Road, Canonbury, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
My present invention relates to improvements in door springs, and is partly
applicable to that class of door springs described in my prior patent No. 16068 dated
6th December 1884, but it may also be applied to door springs of different construction,
as will be hereinafter more fully described.
It consists broadly in the combination, with the spring which acts upon the door, of
a check cylinder fitted with a piston by means of which the slamming of the door as
it closes is entirely prevented.
For this purpose I employ a box to contain the spring, such box being let into the
floor so as to come flush therewith, and having a pivot projecting up to receive the
door in the usual manner.
According to one arrangement which is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings (Fig. 1 being a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a side elevation),
I make the box A of circular form, and in it I insert a tube B open at top and having
a bearing B' at bottom for the pivot C which is to receive the door D. This spindle
or pivot Chas its top bearing in a part E secured to or forming part of the outer case
or box A, or to the part of the tube B projecting above such box as shown in the
drawings. On the spindle C is secured a block F having two cam grooves or inclines
formed therein. The inner tube B does not extend to the bottom of the box, and
beneath it is arranged a plunger or piston G having arms G¹ extending upwards at
opposite sides and passing through slots or grooves forming guides therefor and which
are made in the walls of the inner tube B. Towards the upper end of each arm a
roller H is mounted on a pin H₁ and engages one of the cam grooves in the block F
on the spindle C. A spring I is placed in the well of the outer box A and as the
pivot C turns when the door is opened, the plunger or piston G in such box will be
caused to rise or descend thus compressing or placing the spring I in tension, and at
the same time admitting air or fluid to the opposite side of the piston G, so that on
the return of the door D a cushion will be formed for the piston to act against, a
small opening X only being provided for the escape of the air or fluid, by which
means all chance of slamming will be avoided. The spring I may either be of helical
or spiral form; in the former case the movement of the piston will compress same,
and in the latter case the movement of the pivot itself will increase the tension of the
spring.
In order to obtain a double action when the door is required to open in both
directions, the check cylinder A is preferably arranged at one side of the pivot ()
instead of in a line therewith, and its piston G is connected to a roller working in the

page_text: cam groove on the block F carried by the door pivot C, which latter in this case will
itself act upon the spring I.
The same arrangement may also be employed when a single action only is required.
Further the pivot C to receive the door D instead of forming part of the spring
spindle may also be arranged on one side thereof, and be connected to the latter so as
to cause it to rotate when the door is opened, such an arrangement being shown in
Figs. 3 and 4, Fig. 3 being a vertical section on line abc of Fig. 4, which is a plan
view. This arrangement consists in securing an arm J to the pivot C and mounting
a roller H on its outer end to work between checks K secured to the spring spindle C¹,
the piston rod G₁ of the check cylinder A¹ being connected to one of such cheeks K,
so that this cylinder A' will in this case have to be arranged horizontally and mounted
on pivots A to enable it to turn thereon as the spring spindle revolves.
I prefer to arrange the lower bearing of the door pivot C, and also the top bearing
of the spring spindle C₁, below the level of the top plate A³ of the box from which
the well Y to receive the spring extends downwards, so that a chamber will thus bo
formed to receive any suitable lubricant and efficiently lubricate both pivots; and
further the cheeks K on the spring spindle C between which the roller H on the
pivot arm J works, preferably form the sides of a box, closed at bottom and at both
ends, but open at top to receive the roller H as shown, so that such box will constitute
a receptacle for a lubricant to keep the roller H and the sides on which it acts
efficiently lubricated. The check cylinder A¹ will be arranged in such a position that
the lubricant employed will not interfere with its action.
In the above arrangement the spring employed will preferably be spiral, one end
being connected to the spindle C¹ and the other to the well Y in which it is inserted.
When a double action is required the above, arrangement is modified as shown in
Figs. 5 and 6, Fig. 5 being a vertical section and Fig. 6 a plan view. In this case
the two cheeks K between which the roller H on the pivot arm J works, are secured
one on the spring spindle and the other on the spring tube Z, which latter must in
this case be capable of turning in the well Y of the box A, so that when the door is
opened one way the spring spindle C' is turned in relation to the tube Y, while when
the door is opened in the opposite direction the tube Y will turn in relation to tho
spindle C¹, a stop or abutment W being arranged between the two cheeks K for one
of them to bear against when the roller H is acting on the other cheek. In this case
the rod G¹ of the piston G which works in the check cylinder A' will be connected to
the arm J of the pivot C which receives the door.
Instead of the roller H acting between the two cheeks K above mentioned an
arm V (as shown in vertical section in Fig. 7) may be mounted loosely on the spring
spindle and be provided with an opened top box or trough to receive the roller H,
and having a lug V₁ projecting between the cheeks K so that the movement imparted
to the loose arm V will be communicated to one or other of the cheeks K, according
to the direction in which the door is opened, thus compressing the spring I. The box
or trough V may as before serve as a receptacle for a suitable lubricant. The rod G¹
of the piston G of the check cylinder A' may in this case be connected to either the
loose arm V on the spring spindle C¹ or to the roller arm J on the pivot C to receive
the door as shown.
The surfaces of the cheeks K between which the roller H works are preferably
provided with a slight depression or recess k into which the roller H enters when the
door is opened to its full extent, such recess being just sufficient to maintain the door
in its open position when desired, but at the same time enabling it to be readily closed
again by exerting a slight pressure on the door, sufficient to cause the roller H to
leave such recess, when the spring will at once effect the closing.
A still further modification is shown in plan in Fig. 8 and consists in making the
pivot to receive the door a continuation of the spring spindle so as to act directly
thereon, and mounting an arm G on such spindle C, which arm itself forms the
piston rod G¹ of the check cylinder A', and causes the piston G such rod carries to
enter and leave the check cylinder A as the spindle O is made to turn by the opening
and closing of the door.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination with a spring connected to the spindle on which a door is
mounted, of a block with cam grooves to receive rollers secured to a piston, so as to
cause same to reciprocate in a cylinder as the door opens and closes, substantially as
specified.
2. The combination with a door spindle of an arm secured thereto and carrying a
roller which engages between two cheeks secured to a spindle acted upon by a spring,
and of a piston whose rod is pivotted to either the arm or to the cheeks between
which the roller works, whereby the piston is caused to reciprocate in its cylinder as
the door is opened or closed substantially as specified.
3. The combination with a door spindle of an arm secured thereto and carrying a
roller which engages between two cheeks, one secured to a spindle to which one end of
a spring is connected, while the other cheek is secured to a tube to which the other end
of the spring is connected, the spindle and tube being capable of rotating in relation
to each other, while the cheeks secured to such spindle and tube in their normal
position abut against a fixed stop situated between them; and of a piston whose rod
is pivotted to the arm carried by the door spindle, so as to cause it to reciprocate in
its cylinder as the door opens and closes, substantially as specified.
4. The combination with a door spindle of an arm secured thereto and carrying a
roller which engages between two cheeks formed on an arm mounted to revolve
loosely on a spindle and having a projection to engage between two other cheeks, one
of which is secured to such spindle to which one end of a spring is secured, while the
other check is secured to a tube to which the other end of the spring is connected,
the spindle and tube being capable rotating in relation to each other, while the
cheeks secured to such spindle and tube in their normal position abut against a fixed
stop situated between them; and of a piston whose rod is pivotted either to the arm
fixed to the door spindle or to the arm mounted loosely on the spring spindle, so as to
cause such piston to reciprocate in its cylinder as the door opens and closes,
substantially as specified.
5. The combination with a door spindle acted upon by a spring of an arm secured
thereto and forming the rod of a piston, which is caused to reciprocate in a cylinder
as the door opens and closes, substantially as specified.
J 121
T1000
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.