Improvements in Window Frames and Sashes and Sash Bars.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1898-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Window Frames and Sashes and Sash Bars.
I, CONRAD CARDUCK, of 284, Adalbertsteinweg, Aix-la-Chappelle, in the Empire
of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to window sashes and window bars coated with lead,
and the said method consists chiefly in cutting blanks of the required dimensions,
from sheet-iron and then by successive operations forming the same into the desired
shape for bars for window or sash frames, and division or cross bars for same.
While forming some of the parts of the window frames from a single blank, I
find it advantageous to form others of two pieces clamped together.
This method of manufacturing the improved window sash frames as well as the
peculiar formation of the parts, deviates altogether from other known methods of
construction because stamping operations are carried out to a limited extent
only and consequently no weakening of the metal occurs, and moreover the
successive operations up to the completion of the parts take place step by step
in regular order.
The successive operations according to this invention are reduced to half in
number as compared with those which are necessary for carrying out ordinary
constructions.
According to the practice hitherto adopted the horizontal cross bars for example
in window sashes are formed of a double bearing plate or bar having a single
horizontal member at each side of the bearing plate for the reception of putty.
By the improved construction as hereinafter described, a threefold bearing plate
having a twofold thickness of its members for the reception of the panes and putty,
and such members may, if desired for greater rigidity, be bent inwards. This
construction of window sash frames has the advantage, from other known con-
structions, of preventing rain and condensed water from passing through the
cross bars and sash frames.
The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings which show
both the various stages of manufacture and the finished parts, viz., cross-bars;
top and bottom, and side pieces for window sashes, as well as the means for stamp-
ing and forming the parts.
Figs. 1, 1, 1, 1° and 1%, show the successive stages of manufacturing a
division or cross-bar for window-sashes by the use of the bending or forming-
press shown in Fig. 5.
Figs. 2, 2, 2, 2", illustrate the manufacture of vertical division bars by the
aid of the press shown in Fig. 6.
Figs. 3, 3, 3 and 3D illustrate the manufacture of top and bottom bars, and
Figs. 4, 4, 4, and 4", shew the side bars for window sashes made with the aid
of the presses shewn in Figs. 8 and 9. In order to produce the division bar 1° I
proceed as follows:-..
The blank, of the required size cut from a sheet of iron, is first bent into

page_text: the form indicated at Fig. 1^, one of the side strips of which being about 7 to 8 mm.
longer than the other. The two side walls y are next bent upon the portion z
as shown in Fig. 1" and the extending portion wo is bent over the shorter end as
indicated at Figs. 1°, 10, and 1, and finally the bridge formed of the two thick-
nesses y is bent at an acute angle with the web as shewn in Fig. 12.
in cross-
The press used for bending the blank into shape is shewn in Fig.
section and the operation is as follows, it being only once necessary to secure the
blank into position in the press.
cc are
a is the stationary block and b, the reciprocating plunger of the press.
two movable shaping pieces adapted to be moved to an angle of 90° and thereby
give the blank, shewn in full lines, the form ce shewn in dotted lines, corre-
sponding to Fig. 1.
The press shewn in Fig. 6 serves for finishing the bar by successively bending
it into the forms shewn in Figs. 1º, 1º, 1º, and 1º, respectively. This press com-
prises the fixed block f and two movable shaping pieces gg normally arranged to
allow of the partly formed bar in Fig. 1 to be received between them and the
block f as shewn in full lines. The two movable pieces gg are then moved through
an angle of 90° by turning them on the edges of a fixed block f, and by moving
the said pieces gg into the position shewn by dotted lines, whereby the bar Fig. 1ª
is obtained. In Fig. 6, the full lines hh indicate the bar before the operation
and the dotted lines i shew it after the operation. The final operations of
bending the overlapping end as in Figs. 1° 1" as also of forming the angle as in
Fig. 1, may be carried out in any ordinary "rolling on," or other simple press.
The manner of manufacturing the vertical middle bar shewn in Fig. 2º is as
follows;
-
Two suitably cut blanks are bent, the one into the form shewn in Fig. 2 and
the other into that shewn in Fig. 2" and they are then placed one over the other
and secured together as in Fig. 2, the wings being finally bent as shewn
in Fig. 2.
The blanks are first shaped into the form as shewn in Fig. 2 by means of the
press Fig. 5, while the final stages are carried out in the manner already
described and the two portions of the bar Fig. 2" may be equally well secured
together in an ordinary press, or "rolling on
" machine.
For manufacturing top bars as shewn in Figs. 3, 3, 3º, 3º, the stages of operation
are as follows:-
The blank receives a first or preparatory, and a final shaping in the presses
shewn in Figs. 7 and 8, respectively, in which is the stationary block, the
reciprocating plunger, mm are the two movable shaping pieces, n'n indicates in
full lines the blank as first introduced, while the dotted lines ce shews it prepared
as indicated in Fig. 3. The procedure is the same as that described with reference
to the press Fig. 5. The final stages for obtaining the forms Figs. 3" and 3° are
carried out with the aid of a mandrel p, Fig. 8, which mandrel together with the
partly formed bar 3" is introduced into the press Fig. 8, as shewn. The full lines g
shew it, as first introduced and the dotted lines, shew it as in Fig. 3" after
having been operated upon by the movable shaping pieces m. Next, the overlap-
ping end is formed as indicated in Fig. 3 and the wing is finally bent to an
angle with the bar as shewn in the finished bar Fig. 3. The side pieces of sash
frames represented in Figs. 4, 4", 4°, 4" are manufactured after the manner,
and with the aid of the machines as described with reference to the other bars.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
(1). The method of manufacturing bars forming parts of sash frames for
windows characterized by the use of special presses and machines for bending
or shaping as shewn in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, comprising a movable plunger b
a fixed or stationary block (a, f or k) and two movable shaping pieces (ec, gg,

page_text: or mm), one or more strips of sheet in (d, h, n, or g) which are bent shaped or
formed and secured together in the manner shewn so as to produce the bars shewn
in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 substantially as herein before described and set forth.
(2). The bars manufactured in accordance with the method above claimed.
Dated this 30th day of November 1898.
S. S. BROMHEAD,
Agent for Applicant. 171, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.