IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINES FOR WINDING COPS; IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF BANKS FOR HOLDING COPS FOR WARPING PURPOSES; IN THE FORMATION OF SHUTTLES FOR RECEIVING COPS; AND FOR APPARATUS FOR PACKING AND SECURING COPS IN SHUTTLES; ONE PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS, CONSISTING OF A SPRING CLUTCH, IS APPLICABLE TO MACHINES IN GENERAL
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Combe, of Leeds, Engineer, and John Henry
Smalpage, also of Leeds, Woollen Draper and Tailor, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINES FOR
WINDING COPS; IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF BANKS FOR
HOLDING COPS FOR WARPING PURPOSES; IN THE FORMATION OF SHUTTLES FOR
RECEIVING COPS; AND FOR APPARATUS FOR PACKING AND SECURING COPS IN
SHUTTLES; ONE PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS, CONSISTING OF A SPRING
CLUTCH, IS APPLICABLE TO MACHINES IN GENERAL."
Sealed the 25th September 1863, and dated the 14th April 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Combo and John
Henry Smalpage at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 14th April 1863.
We, JOHN COMBE, of Leeds, Engineer, and JOHN HENRY SMALPAGE, also
of Leeds, Woollen Draper and Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINES
FOR WINDING COPS; IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF BANKS FOR HOLDING
COPS FOR WARPING PURPOSES; IN THE FORMATION OF SHUTTLES FOR RECEIVING COps;
AND FOR APPARATUS FOR PACKING AND SECURING COPS IN SHUTTLES; ONE PART OF
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS, CONSISTING OF A SPRING CLUTCH, IS APPLICABLE TO MACHINES
IN GENERAL," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, in giving a positive rising motion to the
spindles of cop-winding machines by means of a shaft placed in the lower part

page_text: of the machine, on which shaft a boss with collars is keyed fast opposite each
spindle, a lever with a spring strap clasping round the boss projecting towards
and under the lower end of the spindle, so that when a slow motion is given
to the shaft the friction strap embracing the boss will cause the lever end to
raise the spindle during the winding of the cop, the friction of the strap round
the boss being so tempered by a screw that the lever end may be depressed
by the band to a certain space below the spindle, so that during the time the
lever end is rising through this space, the spindle, being stationary, allows the
first portion of the cop to be formed on its top, and before it begins to rise by
the action of the lever on its lower end.
Secondly, in a spring clutch for stopping or starting the rotation of the
spindles of cop-winding machines as required, in which the boss of the spindle
wheel revolves freely in a socket, in which it is retained from rising out of
gear with the driving wheel by a collar screwed on the lower end of its boss.
The upper portion of the spindle wheel is made to receive a moderately stiff
spring in the form of a scroll, so that the end of the scroll leads towards the
axis of the wheel in a direction contrary to its motion. The spindle wheel is
bored out to allow the lower end of the spindle to slide freely up and down
and revolve freely in it, and the lower end of the spindle is formed with two
flat sides, to which a small steel socket is fitted, so that the spindle slides freely
up and down in the socket, but must revolve with it. The lower end of the
socket is made with an eccentric swell which drops freely within the wide part
of the spring scroll, but as the spindle wheel revolves the inner end of the
spring scroll catches the eccentric swell, and thus carries the socket and spindle
along with it in its rotation. The upper part of the steel socket is turned in
a groove to receive the forked ends of a sliding bar, the rising of which, by
withdrawing the eccentric swell from the plane of the spring scroll, will cause
the spindle to stop, and the depressing of which will cause the eccentric
swell to be caught by the spring scroll and set the spindle in motion again as
required.
Thirdly, in a more compact and simpler arrangement of the parts of cop.
winding machines, in which the tension lever and stopping lever are mounted
together and removeable in pairs, the stopping lever rocking on each side of a
vertical line and actuated by the elongation of a spiral spring; in the use of
a compressible spiral spring, acted on by a screw for giving a variable and
adjustable tension to the tension lever of cop-winding machines for winding
from the bobbin or the hank; and in the construction and arrangement of
swifts, for carrying the banks from which cops are to be wound, of two or
more pairs of jointed arms retained by elastic bands, and of two or more pairs

page_text: of fixed arms radiating from a nave or centre which revolves on pivots and is
acted on by a retarding friction lever, one end of which is connected with the
tension lever, so that the retarding pressure of the friction lever is removed
from the nave and the swift is liberated by the approach of the tension lever
to the spindle on which the cop is being wound.
Fourthly, in carrying cops for warping purposes on tubes arranged in suit-
able proximity and inserted into the bars of a wood framing or grating, such
tubes projecting on the opposite side of the wood framing to that from which
the yarn ends are to be taken to the back rollers of the loom or warping
machine. Two such wood framings, of a sufficient height and length to contain
the required number of cops, are arranged in the form of a V with the apex
towards the warping machine, and with the tubes projecting inwards, and a
sufficient space
between the two framings at the narrow end to allow of a cop
being slipped on to the tube, which is made of such a size as to pass easily
through the central hollow of the cop, and the inner end of which tube is
provided with a smooth eye through which the yarn from the cop is then
passed, and through the tube and bar, in which it is inserted by means of a
small wire, from the end of which the yarn is taken hold of on the other side
of the wood framing, to which guide bars are fixed, over which the yarn ends
are passed as they converge towards the loom or warping machine.
Fifthly, in making shuttles open at the back to receive the cop, the opening
being made of such a width that the cop requires to be flattened by pressure
as it is inserted into the shuttle, the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow
into which it passes being slightly furrowed across and made a little wider
within, so as to retain the cop in its place without the usual spring cover
required for cop shuttles, an elastic band hooking over a wire pin being
stretched over the cop so as to close on and retain the last coils of the cop till
they are woven off in making shuttles with two delf eyes communicating by
an open groove in the top of the shuttle, so that the yarn end from the cop is
passed through one eye, along the open groove, and through the other eye at
the centre of the shuttle; and in using a lever carrying two pins linked to a
pressing bar in connection with a bed to receive the shuttle, by which appa-
ratus, a cop being placed under the pressing bar and the band applied to force
down the lever, the cop is flattened by the descent of the pressing bar, and
then, being caught by the inner end of the lever, which is cranked upwards so
as to advance in a horizontal direction, the cop is forced into the shuttle in its
compressed state.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 14th October 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
COMBE, of Leeds, Engineer, and JOHN HENRY SMALPAGE, also of Leeds,
Woollen Draper and Tailor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage, Her special licence that we,
the said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Combe and John
Henry Smalpage, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ACTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINES FOR WINDING COPS; IN THE CONSTRUCTION
AND ARRANGEMENT OF BANKS FOR HOLDING COPS FOR WARPING PURPOSES; IN THE
FORMATION OF SHUTTLES FOR RECEIVING COPS; AND FOR APPARATUS FOR PACKING AND
SECURING COPS IN SHUTTLES; ONE PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS, CONSISTING OF A
SPRING CLUTCH, IS APPLICABLE TO MACHINES IN GENERAL," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage,
our exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or
their bands and seals, or under the band and scal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Combe, on behalf of myself and
the said John Henry Smalpage, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that
is to say:
Our Invention consists, firstly, in giving a positive rising motion to the
spindles of cop-winding machines by means of a shaft placed in the lower part
of the machine, on which shaft a boss with collars is keyed fast opposite each

page_text: spindle, a lever with a spring strap clasping round the boss projecting towards
and under the lower end of the spindle, so that when a slow motion is given
to the shaft, the friction strap embracing the boss will cause the lever end to
raise the spindle during the winding of the cop, the friction of the strap round
the boss being so tempered by a screw that the lever end may be depressed
by the hand to a certain space below the spindle, so that during the time
the lever end is rising through this space, the spindle, being stationary, allows
the first portion of the cop to be formed on its top end before it begins to
rise by the action of the lever on its lower end.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation and Figure 2 a front elevation showing parts
of a cop-winding machine. a, a, is a shaft carrying bosses b, b, round which
a coil of leather strap, seen in Figure 1, is lapped; this is embraced by the
end of a lever c, c, and a spring strap d, which is tightened by a screw, so as
to cause any required amount of friction between the inner face of the leather
strap and the surface of the boss b. The shaft a carries a worin wheel f,f,
to which a slow motion is given in the direction of the arrow by a worm fixed
on an upright shaft, shewn in Figure 1, and actuated by a bevil wheel and
pinion from the shaft g, which carries a worm wheel taking into a worm on
the end of the driving shaft h, h, seen in Figure 2. The end of the lever c, c,
projects forward under the lower end of the spindle c, c, so that when the end
of the lever c, c, is pushed down to the lowest point there will be a clear space
between it and the spindle end. In this position the end of yarn being lapped
round the spindle top, and the machine set to work during the time that the
lever c, c, is rising through the clear space between it and the spindle, the
spindle will be stationary, so that a ball will be formed by the lapping on of
the yarn, but as soon as the end of the lever c, c, touches the spindle the
friction caused by the pressure of the spring strap d will cause the spindle to be
gradually raised by the lever, and a cop will be formed by the continued
winding-on of the yarn on the spindle e, e. When a cop is wound it is then
taken off the spindle, and the end of the lever c, c, is pressed down again to
its original position, and the yarn end lapped round the spindle top for a
fresh cop.
By this arrangement we dispense with the cup specified in our previous
Patent, dated August 11th, 1862, (No. 2247,) and by avoiding all friction
and chafing on the cop end, are enabled to wind cops of wet spun yarn from
the spinning bobbin, or of any delicate material such as will not bear the
friction of the self-elevating spindle and cup, as previously specified.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in a spring clutch for stopping or starting
the rotation of the spindles of cop-winding machines as required, in which the

page_text: boss of the spindle wheel revolves freely in a socket, in which it is retained
from rising out of gear with the driving wheel by a collar screwed on the
lower end of its boss. The upper portion of the spindle wheel is made to
receive a moderately stiff spring in the form of a scroll, so that the end of the
scroll leads towards the axis of the wheel in a direction contrary to its
motion. The spindle wheel is bored out to allow the lower end of the spindle
to slide freely up and down and revolve freely in it, and the lower end of the
spindle is formed with two flat sides, to which a small steel socket is fitted, so
that the spindle slides freely up and down in the socket, but must revolve with
it. The lower end of this socket is made with an excentric swell, which drops
freely within the wide part of the spring scroll, but as the spindle wheel
revolves the inner end of the spring scroll catches the excentric swell, and
thus carries the socket and spindle along with it in its rotation. The upper
part of the steel socket is turned in a groove to receive the forked ends of a
sliding bar, the rising of which, by withdrawing the excentric swell from the
plane of the spring scroll, will cause the spindle to stop, and the depressing of
which will cause the excentric swell to be caught by the spring scroll and set
the spindle in motion again as required.
.
In Figure 1 is a section of the spindle wheel i, i, the boss of which revolves
freely in the socket k, k, and is retained from rising in the socket by a collar
screwed on its lower end. The spindle wheel i, i, is turned out in a hollow in
its upper part to receive the coiled spring j,j, which is also shown in plan
view in Figure 3 and in side elevation in Figure 4; Figures 3 and 4 being
drawn to a scale of 6 inches to the foot, and Figures 1 and 2 to a scale of
3 inches to the foot. The boss of the spindle wheel i, i, is bored out so
as to allow the lower end of the spindle e, c, to slide freely up and down and
to revolve freely in it, and the lower part of the spindle e, e, is made with two
flat sides, which fit into a steel socket 1, 1, Figures 1, 3, and 4, so that the
spindle c, e, will slide freely in the socket 1, 1, but must revolve along with it
by the two flat sides of the spindle catching on the two flat faces of the lower
part of the socket 1, 1. The lower part of the socket 1, 1, is made with an
excentric swell, seen in plan view in Figure 3, so that the excentric swell
drops clear within the coil of the scroll spring j, j, and the scroll spring j, j,
being fastened within the rim of the spindle wheel i, i, by a hook-end and a
screw, as seen in Figure 3, by the rotation of the spindle wheel i, i, the inner
end of the scroll spring j, j, will catch the excentric swell of the socket 1, 1, and
carry it and the spindle round with it in its rotation, while so soon as the
excentric swell of the socket 7, 1, is lifted clear of the scroll spring j, j, the
spindle and socket will stop, while the spindle wheel and the scroll spring

page_text: will continue in rotation. The stopping lever o acts to raise and lower the
socket in the manner shown in the Drawing, and as is herein-after more
fully described. The spring clutch, above described, may be employed advan-
tageously in other descriptions of machinery.
Our Invention consists, thirdly, in a more compact and simpler arrangement
of the parts of cop-winding machines, in which the tension lever and stopping
lever are mounted together and removable in pairs, the stopping lever
rocking on each side of a vertical line and actuated by the elongation of a spiral
spring; in the use of a compressible spiral spring, acted on by a screw for
giving a variable and adjustable tension to the tension lever of cop-winding
machines for winding from the bobbin or the bank; and in the construction
and arrangement of swifts for carrying the hanks from which cops are to be
wound, of two or more pairs of jointed arms retained by elastic bands, and of
two or more pairs of fixed arms radiating from a nave or centre which
revolves on pivots and is acted on by a retarding friction lever, one end of
which is connected with the teusion lover, so that the retarding pressure of
the friction lever is removed from the nave, and the swift liberated by the
approach of the tension lever to the spindle on which the cop is being wound.
Figures 1 and 2 show the arrangement by which the tension levers p, p, and
stopping levers 0, 0, for a pair of spindles are mounted on a casting q, q,
fastened by screws to the middle rail of the machine s, s, to which also the
sockets k, k, for a pair of spindles are similarly attached. The lower end of
the stoppping lever o, o, is jointed to the top of a sliding bar n, n, seen in side
view in Figure 1, in front view in Figure 5, and in plan view in Figure 6, in
which Figures m, m, is a casting screwed to the inner sido of the rail s, s, two
recesses in m, m, being formed, one at each end, to receive the sliding bars n, n,
for two spindles. The lower end of n, n, is formed with a fork, shewn in
dotted lines in Figure 6, and takes in between the double collars of the
steel socket 7, as seen in Figure 1, so as to cause the socket to be raised or
lowered by the rocking of the lever o, o, on one side or other of the vertical
line. The casting m, m, carries two upright pins, seen in Figure 5, over cach
of which a spiral spring is placed, not shewn in the Drawing, the top end of
which spring pressing upwards against a projecting lug of the sliding barn, n,
which slides freely on the upright pin, causes the sliding bar n, n, to throw the
top end of the lever o, o, outwards, and at the same time to stop the rotation
of the spindle by raising the steel socket I, 1, clear of the scroll spring j, j, as
seen in Figure 1. The top end of the lever o, o, is made to tako into the
notch of a catch bar t, t, which is jointed at the inner end to the top rail of the
machine, so that when the lever o, o, is pressed inwards the notch of the catch

page_text: bar t, t, will retain o, o, in its position against the action of the spiral spring,
the steel socket 1, 1, being depressed within the coil of the scroll spring j, j, will
cause the spindle to be carried round by the rotation of the spindle wheel i, i,
so long as the stopping lever o, o, is retained in its position by the catch bar t, t.
When the cop is wound to the required length a collar v fixed by a screw
on the spindle e, e, Figure 1, catching on a pin z projecting from the catch
bar t, t, will cause the notch in the catch bar t, t, to be lifted clear off and
liberate the top end of the stopping lever o, o, which, by the action of the
spiral spring pressing upward, the sliding bar n, n, will be suddenly thrown
outwards till the further rising of the sliding bar n, n, is prevented by the top
of the steel socket 1, 1, pressing against the lower surface of the projecting lug
of the casting m, m, in which position the excentric swell of the socket 1, 1,
being clear of the scroll spring j,j, the spindle will be instantaneously stopped
in its rotation. The lower end of the tension lever p, p, is connected by a
leather strap to a hooked rod r, which slides freely in a hole in a projecting
arm of the casting q, q, and on the rod a spiral spring is placed, not shewn
in the Drawing, which is confined by a pair of nuts screwed on to the lower
end of the rod 1, so that the spiral spring pressing against the lower part of
the arm of the casting 9, 7, will pull the tension lever p, p, downwards towards
a horizontal position according to the degree of compression which is given to
the spiral spring by the nuts screwed on the lower end of the rod r. And in
case of the yarn breaking during the process of winding, the falling down of
the tension lever p, p, will cause a pin w, Figure 1, projecting from its lower
end to push upwards the wire x, x, Figures 1 and 2, which, being attached to
the end of the catch bar t, t, will cause it to rise, and by liberating tho
stopping lever o, o, throw the spring clutch out of gear and stop the spindle.
In the upper portion of Figures 1 and 2 the arrangement of swifts for carrying
the hanks from which cops are to be wound is shown in side elevation and
front elevation; y, y, y, y, are the four pairs of arms, the cross bars of which
are fixed in their places, and, , are the two pairs of arms, the cross bars of
which are made to slide simultaneously to and from the centre of the swift by
being jointed by wires to a lever, shown in dotted lines in Figure 1, which
passes through the centre of the nave a, a, and moves through an arc of 60
degrees on the same pin which forms the pivots of the nave a*, a*, and is
retained in its position by an elastic band stretched in the direction of the
dotted line e*, Figure 1, and fastened to a cross bar between the pair of
arms, . In placing hanks on the swift the cross bars of the arm r, r, are
slid back, and when the hank is in its place these cross bars are brought by
these springs until the hank is strained tight; c*, c*, is a bent lever, of which

page_text: a plan view is shewn at Figure 7, jointed with a pin to a projecting Ig on
one of the pillars f*, fx, the top ends of which carry the pivots of the swift.
The top end of the bent lever c*, c*, is pulled against the side of the nave of
the swift a*, a*, by the action of a spiral spring, not shewn in the Drawing,
which is placed on the small round bolt d*, which passes through a hole in the
end of an arm projecting from the bent lever c*, cx, and through a hole in a
projecting lug cast on the side of the pillar f*, f*, which carries the bent
lever c*, c*, below which projecting lug the spiral spring is placed on the round
bolt d*, and confined by a pair of nuts screwed to its lower end, by which the
compression of the spiral spring is so adjusted as to give the requisite pressure
of the top end of the lever c*, c*, on the nave a*, a*, to retard the motion of
the swift. The lever end of the bent lever c*, c*, is connected by a wire
with an adjustable swivel nut e**, Figure 1, to the lower end of the tension
lever p, p, so that when the tension lever is pulled to or about the position
shewn in Figure 1, it will then act through the wire which connects it with
the lower end of the lever c*, c*, so as to release the nave a*, a*, from the
pressure of the top end of c*, c*, and so soon as the swift delivers yarn so
quickly as to allow the tension lever p, p, to fall back into a more horizontal
position, immediately the re-action of the tension lever p, p, through the wire
connecting it with c* c*, will cause the top end of the lever c*, c*, to press
upon the nave a*, a*, and retard the motion of the swift, and so maintain a
regular tension on the yarn during the process of winding a cop. The
same arrangement of parts now described is also applicable to winding
from bobbins, as specified under our previous Patent for cop-winding
machinery.
Our Invention consists, fourthly, in carrying cops for warping purposes on
tubes arranged in suitable proximity and inserted in to the bars of a wood
framing or grating, such tubes projecting on the opposite side of the wood
framing to that from which the yarn ends are to be taken to the back rollers of
the loom or warping machine. Two such wood framings, of sufficient height
and length to contain the required number of cops, are arranged in the form of
a V, with the apex towards the warping machine, and with the tubes project-
ing inwards, and a sufficient space between the two framings at the narrow end
to allow of a cop being slipped on to the tube, which is made of such a size as
to pass easily through the central hollow of the cop, and the inner end of
which tube is provided with a smooth eye through which the yarn from tho
cop is then passed, and through the tube and bar, in which it is inserted by
means of a small wire, from the end of which the yarn is taken hold of on the
other side of the wood framing, to which guide bars are fixed over which

page_text: the yarn ends are passed as they converge towards the loom or warping
machine.
Figures 8, 9, and 10 shew a plan view, an end elevation, and a side cleva-
tion of a portion of a wood framing for holding cops for warping purposes;
9, 9, is the foot on which the framing stands; h*, h*, is the bottom bar
connecting the foot g*,g*, with a similar foot at the other end. The bar h*, h*,
carries the lower ends of the upright bars i*, i*, into which the tubes which
carry the cops are inserted, as shewn in Figure 8, 9, and 10, the two extreme
upright bars *, *, being made of a width to carry two lines of tubes, and
being fastened at their lower ends, ono into each foot, and the top ends of
all the upright bars i*, i*, being fixed to a top rail at such a height as may be
conveniently reached, and which, with the width from foot to foot, will give
a number of tubes sufficient to carry the requisite number of cops. According
to the number and diameter of cops required, these frames may be used singly
with the tubes carrying the cops at the back of the framing from the loom or
warping frame, or they may be placed in pairs in the line of the two sides of
a V with the apex towards the warping machine, and with the tubes projecting
inwards towards each other, and such a space between the framings as will
allow of a cop being put on at the narrow end and the yarn end pushed
through the tube with a wire with a needle eye, so as to be got hold of at the
opposite side of the framing, from which it will be passed on to its place in the
warping machine.
Fifthly, in making shuttles open at the back to receive the cop, the opening
being made of such a width that the cop requires to be flattened by pressure as
it is inserted into the shuttle, the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow into
which it passes being slightly furrowed across and made a little wider within
so as to retain the cop in its place without the usual spring cover required for
cop shuttles, an elastic band hooking over a wire pin being stretched over the
cop so as to close on and retain the last coils of the cop till they are woven off.
In making shuttles with two delft eyes communicating by an open groove in
the top of the shuttle so that the yarn end from the cop is passed through one
eye along the open groove and through the other eye at the centre of the
shuttle.
Figures 11 and 12 shew a plan view and a sectional elevation of a shuttle
drawn to a scale of 6 inches to the foot. The hollow of the shuttle for re-
ceiving the cop is shewn by a dotted line in Figure 11 and the two delft eyes and
the groove in the top of the shuttle by which the yarn is led from the cop end
into and along the groove from which it is delivered to be woven through tho
eye in the centre of the shuttle, are also shewn. An elastic band is fastened

page_text: to the wire pin furthest from the eye at the end of the shuttle, and the other
end of the elastic band is furnished with a hook which hooks over the pin
nearest to the eye at the end of the shuttle, by which the elastic band is kept
on the stretch over the cop and closes on the last coils and retains them in
their place in the shuttle till they are woven off.
And our Invention also consists in using a lever carrying two pins linked to
a pressing bar in connexion with a bed to receive the shuttle, by which appa-
ratus, a cop being placed under the pressing bar and the hand applied to force
down the lever, the cop is flattened by the descent of the pressing bar, and
then, being caught by the inner end of the lever which is cranked upwards so
as to advance in a horizontal direction, the cop is forced into the shuttle in its
compressed state.
Figures 13 and 14 shew a front elevation and a sectional side elevation in
which j*, j*, is a casting, which is fastened to the side of a loom in a convenient
position, in which the bearings m*, m*, carry the necks projecting on each
side of the lever k*, k*, the ends beyond which necks carry two excentric pins
which take into horizontal slots in two links n*, n*, which pass through two
holes in the ends of a pressing bar o*, ox, which they retain by double nuts
screwed on the top ends of the links n*, n*. Between the ends of the press-
ing bar ox, ox, and the ends of the casting j*, j*, through two holes in which
the links n*, n*, slide freely two spiral springs, not shewn in the Drawing, are
placed on the round part of the links n*, n*, the elongating action of which
spiral springs raises the pressing bar o*, o*, the links n*, n*, and the hand.
lever k*, k*, into the position shewn in Figures 13 and 14. The back part
of the lever k*, k*, is made with two arms just within the necks which work
in the bearings m*, m*, which arms, partly seen in Figure 13, carry a cross
bar l*, Figure 14, so that when a cop is placed between the pressing bar o*, o*,
and the projecting table of the casting j*, j*, the hand lever k*, k*, being
pressed down to a horizontal position by the hand will first compress the cop
to a flattened form by the excentric pins pulling down the links n*, n*, and
with them the pressing bar o*, ox, and by the advance of the cross bar *, the
cop will then be chucked in its compressed form into the shuttle which is
shewn in Figure 14, resting on a block of wood q*, and kept in position by
a metal plate p*, p*, which, with the intervening block of wood q*, is fastened
with screws to the casting j*. j*. By this arrangement of shuttle and appa-
ratus we hold the cop more securely in its place in the shuttle by applying
a spring back, as specified under Combe and Smalpage's Patent, No. 1466,
A.D. 1859, for weaving cops in looms working at a high speed, and we also

page_text: reduce the thickness of the shuttle in proportion to the quantity of weft which
it will hold.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Combe, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Combe, in the
presence of
JOHN BLACKBURN,
Solr,
Leeds.
ARTHUR W. BLACKBURN,
his Clerk.
JOHN COMBE
COMBE. (L.S.)