Improvements in and relating to Cocks, Faucets, and other Valves.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1896-Accepted, 27th June, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Cocks, Faucets, and other Valves.
I, WILLIAM HESTON, a citizen of the United States of America, of 134 Sixth
Avenue, in the Town of Homestead, County of Allegheny, and State of
Pennsylvania, one of the United States of America, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being made
to the accompanying drawings in which :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, the valve being in the closed position.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, the valve being in the open position.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a plug, common to all the various forms of
valve hereinafter described.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a floating collar which is used in connection
with the plug shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 5 is a vertical section of the casing of a turning plug or plug cock, with
the plug and its locking mechanism (a fixed substitute for the device of Figure 4)
in elevation, the parts being shown closed.
Figure 6 is a similar view of the parts of Figure 5 in open position.
Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 5 with a modified form of locking mechanism,
the valve being closed.
Figure 8 is a sectional elevation of the same form of valve shown in Figure 7,
valve open.
Figure 9 is a perspective view of the locking device of Figures 5 and 6, and
Figure 10 is a perspective view of the locking device of Figures 7 and 8.
Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the several figures of the
drawings.
The object of this invention is to provide means for insuring the retention of the
valve proper upon its seat, and for regulating the opening and closing of the valve
by limiting the rotation or throw of the plug.
I have shown three several forms of my invention, but in all of them the same
principle is utilized, namely, interlocking inclines or cams interposed between the
movable plug
or valve proper and some fixed or non-rotating portion of the device,
so that in the opening of the valve this interlocking mechanism will relieve the
plug from pressure upon its seat and allow it to be turned to a full open position
but no farther, and in the closing of the valve the plug will be forced to its seat
and its rotation prevented beyond the full closing movement. Thus, in both
motions of the valve, the throw is regulated, and the liability of turning beyond
the desired position overcome.
Without thereby limiting my invention, I will proceed to describe my said
invention as applied to a turning-plug or plug-cock.
The valve casing or shell a may be of any appropriate construction applicable
to the valve in which my invention is embodied, and it has the plug seat 6, which
is provided with the straightway ports, c, c, in alignment with the inlet and outlet
nipples d of the casing. The casing or shell also has the top opening e for the
insertion and removal of the tapering plug f
The plug is provided with the straightway ports f¹, to correspond with the
purts in the plug seat, and said plug is also provided with a stem f, or other

page_text: means, by which it may be rotated. On the head of the plug are constructed the
projecting inclines or cam-faces g which terminate in vertical abutments g'.
As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, the locking member is constructed as a collar h,
which is adapted to be loosely fitted about the stem of the plug so as to be free to
move longitudinally thereof; and said collar is provided upon its lower face with
projecting inclines or cam-faces i, which terminate in vertical abutments i¹,
complemental to and coacting with the inclines and abutments of the plug in the
operation of the valve. The collar h is provided also on its periphery with lugs or
projections which engage grooves in the flange of the opening of the valve
casing or shell, whereby said collar is secured against rotation in the valve casing
while allowed to move back and forth therein relatively to the plug.
The valve plug and the locking collar are held in place in the casing by any
suitable cap or bonnet I applied over the opening e.
The cam-faces and their abutments on the plug and on the collar constitute a
clutch or ratchet in their function and operation, and hence I esteem as within the
principle of my invention any clutch, ratchet or other interlocking device which
has the capacity of that just described; and have shown herein and will presently
describe two such variations.
The operation of the valve shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 is as follows:
Supposing the valve to be in the open position, as shown in Figure 2, and it is
desired to close the valve, the plug is turned in the proper direction, and in so
turning, the cam faces of the rotating plug are caused to ride upon those of the
non-rotating collar, and thereby the collar is moved from the plug and its upper
surface is brought into contact with the retaining cap or the casing, and the plug
is locked to its seat iu closed position. When it is desired to open the valve, the
plug is turned in the opposite direction, and the collar thereby is instantly released
from contact with the cap or casing, and the plug relieved of friction and upon
further turning of the plug in the same direction, its cam-faces by this reverse
movement permit the collar to move toward the plug until the abutments come
into contact, thereby limiting and arresting the movement of the valve-plug and
thus securing the valve in open position.
In the form of the invention shown in Figures 5, 6, and 9, in which a plug,
having the essential characteristic of the plug shown in Figure 3, is used, instead
of the floating collar, I place the complemental inclines or cam-faces having
abutments upon a fixed cap m, which cap is bolted down to the valve casing, and
the plug has sufficient clearance in its seat to move in the direction of its length as
it is turned.
In the form of my invention shown in Figures 7, 8, and 10, I use a plate n, and
secure it within the top opening of the casing by means of a screw cap o. In such
case, in order to restrain the plate from rotation, I provide it with a number of
lugs o, which are adapted to rest within corresponding recesses in the Hange of the
opening. The plate may be, and is herein shown as provided with a sleeve p
through which the stem of the plug projects and which receives a gland or stuffing
box to make a Huid tight joint around the said stem.
Referring to the forms of valves shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, it will be
understood that if the valve or plug and its restraining or locking device be
assembled with the abutments and inclines in contact, the parts will be as close
together as they can be brought, and if the parts so assembled be inserted in the
valve casing with the plug in open position, as in Figures 6 and 8, the plug will be
loose in its seat, that is to say, there will be a certain, but very small proportion of
clearance, and hence when the plug is turned to close the valve, such plug is free
to descend into its seat under the action of the inclines by their tendency to
separate, as indicated in Figures 5 and 7, and the valve will be forced home, hard
and tight, thus insuring not only the seating of the valve but the seating thereof in
a fluid tight manner. Moreover by these operations, namely, the coming together
or interlocking of the abutments of the inclines or cam faces when the valve is open,
and the forcing of the plug to its seat when it is closed, the operation of the valve

page_text: is rendered certain as well as easy; and furthermore, the valve is restrained in all
the instances shown, from undue movement past the proper opening and closing
positions.
In Figures 1 and 2, the plug is provided with an opening in its bottom, in which
is a check valve r, and the casing is provided with a leakage pocket s, to catch
leakage and to provide for its outflow under the check valve and through the plug
into the supply pipe.
In Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, the casing or shell is constructed with the leakage
pocket and this leakage pocket is provided with a screw t by means of which it
may be drained as occasion requires. Also in these figures the plug is provided
with ducts at top and bottom for the escape of fluid, for drainage purposes and
for the balancing of the valve or plug.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is:-
1. In a device of the character described, the combination of a valve casing, a
plug, a non-rotating locking device, and inclines or cam-faces interposed between
the plug and locking device and forming part of each, and co-operating to forcibly
seat the plug, and to arrest its undue movement in opening the valve, substantially
as described.
2. In a device of the character described, the combination of a valve casing, a
seat therein, a plug or valve arranged to turn in said seat, and provided upon its
head with a suitable number of inclines terminating in vertical abutments, a
non-rotating locking device connected with or forming part of the valve casing, and
supplied with complemental inclines and abutments, the inclines of which co-operate
with the inclines on the plug or valve to ease off the plug from its seat, and the
abutments interlocking positively to restrain the undue movement of the plug or
valve in the act of opening, the inclines themselves serving also to force the plug
or valve to its seat and restraining undue movement thereof in closing, substantially
as described.
Dated the 26th day of May 1896
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.