similar Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: similar Purposes.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for crumpling paper so as to render it supple,
or for fulling and washing fabrics and similar purposes, the apparatus being so
contrived as to exert on the material an action like that of the hands in rubbing. A
number of rings at the ends of connecting rods extending side by side at intervals
apart from a series of cranks, eccentrics or cams are made to move to and fro, each
being timed to move in the directinn opposite to that in which the adjacent rings are
moving. On the one side of the range of rings are a pair of feed rollers and on the
other side a pair of delivery rollers. The web or line of material to be treated is
passed between the feed rollers, through the successive rings and between the
delivery rollers, and, as the rollers cause it to travel onwards, it is worked to and fro
transversely by the reciprocating rings through which it passes, being thus crumpled
or fulled. The material may be treated dry or soaked with soap liquor, lye or other
fluid, or the apparatus may act in a bath of liquor, according to the kind of treatment
for which it is employed. When the connecting rods work vertically, half rings or
crescent holders may be used, the material lying in these and being worked up and
down by their reciprocation.
71 Jahmam 1007
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Crumpling Paper, Fulling and Washing Fabrics, and
similar Purposes.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, and Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
--
This invention relates to apparatus for crumpling paper so as to render it supple,
or for fulling and washing fabrics and similar purposes, the apparatus being so
contrived as to exert on the material an action like that of the hands in rubbing.
A number of rings at the ends of connecting rods extending side by side at intervals
apart from a series of cranks, eccentrics or cams are made to move to and fro, each
being timed to move in the direction opposite to that in which the adjacent rings are
moving. On the one side of the range of rings are a pair of feed rollers and on the
other side a pair of delivery rollers. The web or line of material to be treated is
passed between the feed rollers, through the successive rings and between the
delivery rollers, and, as the rollers cause it to travel onwards, it is worked to and fro
transversely by the reciprocating rings through which it passes, being thus crumpled
or fulled. The material may be treated dry or soaked with soap liquor lye or other
fluid, or the apparatus may act in a bath of liquor, according to the kind of treatment
for which it is employed.
When the connecting rods work vertically half rings or crescent holders may be
used, the material lying in these and being worked up and down by their
reciprocation.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a front view, Fig. 2 an end view,
and Fig. 3 a plan of the before described apparatus.
A A A are a series of rings attached to vertical rods B which are connected at
their lower ends to cranks Cor eccentrics on a driving shaft which impart to the
rings an alternating up and down motion.
On each side of the rings are feeding rollers, one pair of which delivers the
material to be treated to the rings, while the other pair leads it away.
There may be one or more rows of the rings A arranged side by side either in
vertical positions as shewn, or horizontally, and the material may be passed
consecutively through two or more sets of the rings. The material may either be
treated in a dry condition or moistened or while it is immersed in a bath of any
desired liquid.
For crumpling paper, this is first drawn together in folds to form a strand which
is then passed through the rings, by the motion of which the paper is bent to and
fro as it passes through, so that after being subjected to one or more operations it
is rendered perfectly supple.
For fulling fabrics, the apparatus is arranged above ordinary fulling vats, which

page_text: may either be open or enclosed to retain the heat. The fabric to be treated is
passed through the feed rollers R and rings A and then has its two ends joined
together so as to form a closed loop, so that on the apparatus being set in motion
the fabric may be continuously treated therein for any desired length of time. If
the fabric is to be treated successively in different liquids, the contents of the vat are
changed as may be required thus for example the apparatus may first operate in a
bath of a detergent liquid, then in a rinsing bath, then in a fulling bath and lastly
in a second rinsing bath.
Or there may be separate apparatus provided for each of these operations, to which
the fabric is consecutively removed.
The apparatus may be used on a small scale for domestic purposes, for washing and
rinsing linen &c. the rings A being either arranged to be immersed in a tub
containing the washing or rinsing liquid or the articles may be soaped or soaked in
detergent liquid and then passed through the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
Apparatus for crumpling paper or fulling or cleansing or otherwise treating fabrics,
consisting of one or more rings or loops through which the paper or fabric is passed
and to which a to and fro motion is imparted substantially as herein described.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1887.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.