Improvements in Apparatus for Manufacturing Cardboard, Leather, and other Boxes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 13th Apr., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Manufacturing Cardboard, Leather,
and other Boxes.
A communication from CARL DAVID & SOHN, of 38 Mésza rós-utcza, Budapest,
Empire of Austro-Hungary, Cardboard-box Manufacturers.
I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,.
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained.
in and by the following statement :--
The present invention relates to a press or machine by means of which at each
operation a cardboard, leather or other box may be manufactured with its edges or
corners secured by means of sheet metal clips. The machine is constructed and
arranged so as to make it possible after suitable adjustment to manufacture boxes ▸
of different sizes.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section and
Figure 2 a front view of the complete machine;
Figure 3 is a top view of the table;
Figures 4 and 4 are respectively a vertical section and a plan of the inter
changeable or adjustable die;
Figure 5 is a view showing part of the apparatus, including the plunger and
table in section ;
Figures 6 and 9 represent details of driving mechanism;
Figures 7 and 8 are respectively a side elevation and a plan of one of the devices
for feeding forward the clips and
Figures 10 and 11 are respectively an elevation and a plan of the hammer
driving mechanism.
The machine comprises a frame A having a table B, in the middle of which
latter is the matrix or die D, and a stamphend or punch E, which is movable
relatively to the table and suitably guided in the frame, by means of which
arrangement the previously cut-out and.scored box hlank, consisting of the bottom
and side walls, after having been placed over the opening of the die, is bent into
box-form.
'
:
In order to be able to manufacture boxes of different sizes with this machine,
the punch E, as well as the die D are detachable and may be replaced by other or
larger or smaller ones. The table top or plate is made not of a single piece, but
of a frame B and the pieces C C, which are adjustable in the grooves I, I of the
frame B, and can be moved nearer or further from each other, these pieces C C¹
being fixed in their different positions by means of screws 9 and clamping plates g',"
which latter rest partly on those pieces C C and. partly on the frame B. It is
clear therefore, that by adjusting the pieces C. C₁ any desired size of die may be "
used and therefore boxes of any size may be manufactured.
The clips used for connecting the adjoining side walls of the boxes are formed
in strips S of great length and wound into rolls r which are supported on bars t
and from these rolls the strip of clips are led through guides d supported by the
bars to the respective corners of the die. The bars t are placed at the corners of
the pieces CC'. The, cutting off of the clips from the strips and the fixing of them
are effected by hammers of the same number as the number of corners of the box.

page_text: Each of these hammers consists, as shown in Figs.4 and 5 of a bell crank lever h
and a hammer head 2, the latter separate from the former with an angular projection
having cutting edges at the top.
The bell crank levers A' are pivotally mounted on the pieces C C', while the hammer
heads are guided in suitable guide ways in the die, as shown in Fig. 4. The
result of such arrangement is, that the bars and the feeding mechanism for the
strips S, as well as the hammers take part in all the movements of the adjustable
parts and are always in right place and always work correctly whatever be the
size of the box.
The hammer operating mechanism is represented in Figs. 10 and 11. A shaft N
is placed under the table and supported in bearings 3. 3 in the frame of the table B.
On this shaft are mounted by means of a feather two double-armed levers h h,
which are adjustable longitudinally of the shaft N and at their ends are formed
into balls kk which have openings for the passage of the thrust rods uw, by
means of which the levers hh are connected to the hammer levers . The
connection of the rods u with the heads of the levers h is effected by means of
nuts 4, 5, adjustable on the rods, the former nuts (4) bearing against the balls with
their concave recess, while springs 7 are interposed between the nuts 5 and the
ball shaped lever heads k, which springs press against the ballheads by means of
a correspondingly shaped washer 6. This spherical shape of the lever ends k and
of the nuts 4 and washers 6, as well as sufficiently large openings allows
sufficient play in all directions. As mentioned before, the hammers consist each
of two parts, which are independent of each other, and the hammer heads 2 are
pressed against the clips which have to be driven in or against the cardboard
edge, simply by the pressure of the levers A transmitted by the set screws the
haminer-heads during the return of the levers h being retracted by the action of
springs 8, Fig. 44. The hammers are operated by the lever arm H', keyed on
the shaft N, the anti-friction roller g of which arm bears on a cam e, secured on
the main driving shaft M, journalled in the machine frame. A spring y, Figs. 1
and 10 holds the roller q against the cam e.
It is therefore clear, that the clips are not really struck, but their points
pressed in by gradually applied pressure, produced by the came and transmitted
through the spring 7. The spring 7 prevents fracture in case of the hammer
lever or set screw thereof not being adjusted quite correctly; all the
hammers act simultaneously.
The two armed levers & have journals 10 and are supported at these parts in
bracket bearings a', which are carried by the movable pieces C C. When there-
fore these pieces and with them the hammer. levers A are moved, a corresponding
lateral movement of the levers follows, so that the position of these parts
relatively to each other remains the same, no matter for what size of box the
machine may be adjusted. The knives W, Fig. 44 for cutting the strips with
which the cutting edges on the hammer heads co-operate are mounted on the
adjustable die.
The die D is adjusted relatively to the pieces C C by means of handles mm
and. fixed in place by the bolts or screws xx. As in this machine the strips
have to be fed from the top, the feeding mechanism is as follows-On each corner
of the punch E is. secured a bracket or yoke c'; which, by means of screws or
adjustable centres q carries a shaft p, on which is mounted a double toothed
wheel R, the pitch of whose teeth is the same, as the pitch of the hooks or teeth
on the strip S. On the opposite ends of the shaft p there are secured the ratchet
wheels, the teeth of which are inclined in the respectively opposite directions
and with these engage the pawls. The pawl is pressed into engagement
with the teeth of the ratchet wheel by a spring y, while the pawl is normally
kept by its spring out of engagement with. the teeth of the ratchet wheel
As the upward stroke of the punch E the pawl is caused to engage with the
teeth.of the ratchet wheel in consequence of this pawl striking against a set
screw or pin i; at all other times the pawl is disengaged from the wheel r².

page_text: During the downward stroke of the punch E, the pawl k engages with the wheel
and causes a suitable length of the strip S to be moved downwards to be cut off
by the hammer. When the punch again ascends the strip S remains still, as the
wheel R then uncontrolled by the pawls k¹ k² can freely roll on it. Only at the
end of the upstroke of the punch E does the pawl come into contact with
the screw i, and is thereby caused to engage with the teeth of the ratchet wheel *
and prevent any further rotation of the wheel R. The conséquence is that the
strip S has to follow the movement during that part of the upward stroke of the
punch, that is to say, sufficiently far to enable a new blank to be passed beneath
the guide brackets and over the opening of the die.
The interchangeable punch E is not in one piece, but has an independently
movable bottom plate d. This bottom plate which is of the same shape as the
cardboard bottom is fixed on the thrust rod o, which at its upper end is jointed to.
one end of a lever h³, pivoted at a on the end of an arm A, pivoted on the shaft H..
To the other end of the lever is pivoted the rod g', which at its lower end has.
one or more rollers 11, which are held in contact with the cam el secured on the
shaft M. To prevent lateral displacement of the roller 11, the lower end of the
rod g' is guided by means of an arm p' (Fig. 6) pivoted at W. The press plunger F
is moved by the lever G, which is connected to it by a pin 12, and pivoted to &
link I and is driven by an eccentric L secured on the main shaft M, the free end K.
of the eccentric rod having a slot for the purpose of enabling the stroke of the
punch to be adjusted and allowing a certain dead or idle moment when the hammers
strike against the edges of the box, the slot for this purpose being provided with
a set screw & for adjusting its effective length. The rod o is guided in the press
plunger and passes through holes in the pin 12 and boss of the lever G. A
spring secures the contact of the block pivoted on the end of the lever G with
the upper end of the slot. The movable bottom plate d' and the accessories.
therefore, when the punch is in its lowest position and after the box edges have
been secured together, serve for disengaging the then completed box from the
punch and ejecting it downwards through the die..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is;-
1. A machine for manufacturing cardboard and other boxes in which the blank
is bent into a box shape in a die by means of a punch and before it leaves the
mould or the die, is secured simultaneously at all edges by metal clips characterized
by the die D and the punch E being interchangeable with others of different sizes
and by the die being supported on the press table by pieces such as C C adjustable
in grooves (1) of the table frame (B) a feeding device such as btr and levers such
as being placed on the same pieces (CC) substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. A machine for manufacturing boxes as set forth in Claim 1 characterised by
the hammers gradually pressing as distinguished from abruptly pressing or striking
the points of the clips into the box material and by being all driven by a cam e
substantially as described.
3. A machine for manufacturing boxes as in Claims 1 and 2 characterised by a
driving shaft (N) for the hammers supported under the press table and extending
in a direction corresponding with the direction of movement of the sliding
pieces (CC) and rocked by the main-shaft (M) through a lever arm having an
anti-friction roller and a cam on which shaft (N) are mounted levers such as h
which are free to slide longitudinally upon the shaft and by means of ball-joints
such as k and rods u are connected with hammer bell crank levers such as h
springs (7) being interposed the levers as they are journalled in bearings (a¹) fixed
to the sliding pieces (CC) taking part in all the movements of the latter substan-
tially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. A machine for manufacturing boxes as in Claims 12 and 3 characterised by

page_text: the hammer levers (1) being separate from the hammer-heads (2) and acting on
the latter only by pressure and by the hammer-heads being guided in the die and
retracted after they have exercised their pressure by springs substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings..
5. In a machine such as described the combination with the punch of a bottom
plate such as d which is separate from the punch and at times is moved inde-
pendently of it and when the box is completed, is moved downwards by a thrust
rod (o) guided in the press plunger or punch and frees the box from the punch and
ejects it downwards through the die substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
6. In a machine such as described a feeding device for the strip of clips
characterised by a number of bars (t) and guides such as b d for the coiled
strips S equal to the number of box corners a bracket-yoke such as c¹ placed at
each corner of the punch one for each feeding wheel (R) two ratchet wheels with
teeth inclined in opposite directions one of which during the downward stroke of
the stamp is held fast by a spring controlled pawl while the pawl of the other
wheel is disengaged by the action of a spring this pawl during the latter part of
the upstroke of the punch being caused to re-engage with the wheel by striking
against a set-screw (i) fixed in the guide (6) substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7. A machine for manufacturing boxes such as set forth in Claims 1 to 6
characterised by an arrangement whereby the stroke of the punch may be adjusted
for boxes of different height and wherein by means of a head such as K an interval
in the movement takes place between the end of the upstroke and the commence-
ment of the downstroke of the punch in order to give the hammers sufficient time
to press the clips into the box corners substantially as described.
8. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete.box
making apparatus substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 18th day of March 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.