IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Waller, of No. 50, Baker Street, Portman
Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Waller at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd October 1858.
I, RICHARD WALLER, of No. 50, Baker Street, Portman Square, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
I emply the force of electro-magnetism, which, as is well known, is most
powerful when the magnets and their armatures are most approximate; and in
order to take advantage of this force, I construct the apparatus or engine with
a series of magnets arranged in such a manner that the armatures or keepers
are always near together or in contact, and arranged so that several of them
operate at the same moment.
One modification of my Invention consists in the construction of a series of
magnets radiating in a circular or conical form; and I arrange the armature
or keeper also in a circular or conical form, but somewhat less in diameter

page_text: than the circle of magnets; and placed eccentric thereto, I arrange a shaft
within the centre of the magnets, and attach thereto an arm or cam on the
inner circle of the armature. I have a pulley or roller, the axis of which is
arranged to actuate the arm or cam on the shaft. The armature may be also
arranged with a series of magnets, or the outer series may be moveable and
the inner one stationary, or in any convenient manner, so that the two circular
series being eccentric to each other will be so attracted as to cause the central
shaft to revolve.
Another modification consists in employing a disc which acts as the armature
to a series of magnets; tho disc may also be arranged with a series of magnets
so as to be opposed to the first series. On the centre of the disc I arrange an
arm or shaft, one end of which actuates a crank placed on another shaft, the
magnets being electrized seriatim, will in this, as in my first modification,
cause the shaft to revolve.
Another modification consists in arranging two series of magnets on frame-
work in the shape of a quadrant or sector, with their peripheries placed in
opposition with an armature between them. The end of the two series are
linked together so as to operate on a crank, or other convenient manner.
My improvements in batteries consist in giving a current or stream to the
liquid employed in the cells for cleansing and other purposes, also in
working the cells or troughs under pressure, greater or less than that of the
atmosphere.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Waller in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st April 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
WALLER, of No. 50, Baker Street, Portman Square, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Richard Waller, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Waller, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Waller, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at

page_text: all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Waller, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner tho
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Waller, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
I employ the force of electro-magnetism, which, as is well known, is most
powerful when the magnets and their armatures are most approximate; and
in order to take advantage of this force, I construct the apparatus or engine.
with a series of magnets arranged in such a manner that the armatures or
keepers are always near together or in contact, and arranged so that several
of them operato at the same moment; and I employ in some cases iron wire
to coil the magnets.
One modification of my Invention consists in the construction of a series of
magnets radiating in a circular or conical form; and I arrange the armature
or keeper also in a circular or conical form, but somewhat less in diameter
than the circle of magnets, and placed eccentric thereto. I arrange a shaft
within the centre of the magnets, and attach thereto an arm or cam on the
inner circle of the armature; I have a pulley or roller, the axis of which is
arranged to actuate the arm or cam on the shaft. The armature may be also
arranged with a series of magnets, or the outer series may be moveable and
the inner ones stationary, or in any convenient manner, so that the two circular
series being eccentric to each other will be so attracted as to cause the central
shaft to revolve.
Another modification consists in employing a disc which acts as the arma-
ture to a series of magnets; the disc may be also arranged with a series of
On the centre of the disc I
magnets so as to be opposed to the first series.
arrange an arm or shaft, one end of which actuates a crank placed on another
shaft, the magnets being electrized seriatim will in this as in my first modifica-
tion cause the shaft to revolve.

page_text: Another modification consists in arranging two series of magnets on frame-
work in the shape of a quadrant or sector, with their peripheries placed in
opposition with an armature between them; the end of the two series are linked
together so as to operate on a crank or other convenient manner.
My improvements in batteries consist in giving a current or stream to the
liquid employed in the cells for cleansing and other purposes; also in working
the cells or troughs under pressure greater or less than that of the
atmosphere.
And in order that my Invention may be more readily understood, I refer
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings with the Figures and letters of
reference thereon, in which similar letters refer to different views of similar
parts.
Fig. 1 is an arrangement shewing the magnets as they are fixed, and the
manner of working. a is the keeper which revolves or rolls in contact with
the magnets within the circle formed by the faces of the poles of the magnets
b; the keeper a has a shaft c, to which I connect links or rods d to act upon
beams or lovers e, and from thence by means of connecting rods f to tho
cranks g.
It will be seen by the Drawings Fig. 1, that the links or rods d are con-
nected to the shaft 6 of the keeper a at right angles. The small mitre wheels
upon the shaft h are for the purpose of giving motion to the breakers k, which
communicate the current of the battery to the magnets b, and for the purpose
of making and breaking contact, I have a contrivance as at I, Fig. 2, which
thoroughly insulates, and I prefer it made of baked wood. And for the pur-
pose of holding the conductors i, a hole is made in the collar to receive a small
pin having a shoulder, a bush j is made, so that the pin can move fairly in it,
and a spiral spring is put between the collar and the shoulder of the pin; a
seat is left in the hole which receives the shoulder of the pin. The wire of
the coils of each magnet is fixed to each conductor. The breaker k is made
to revolve in the hole or inner part of the wood collar j, and is fixed on a shaft
The
and geered by the mitre wheels b, on the shaft h to the crank axle m.
breaker has a pulley upon which the wire from the battery is laid in the
usual manner.
Figs. 2 show another arrangement in two plates m, slightly conical are set
at the required distance, and fixed thereon are the magnets q by the bolts r,
corresponding to the bevel of the plates; in the centre of each plate is a socket
n, and between the plates is a moveable plate or disc O, which acts as a
keeper, and on which may, if desired, be attached other magnets presenting
opposite poles to the fixed magnet oscillates upon a ball or sphere working in

page_text: the said sockets. The ball has a shaft or lever, by which power may be com-
municated in any convenient manner. There are holes P in the plates
through which the wire is conveyed to the conductors.
Figs. 2, b, b, shews another modification, in which I have magnets as long as
keepers, and presenting opposite poles to the stationary magnets; and it is
evident I may multiply these arrangements by having any convenient number
or rows of scries actuating one shaft, or they may be erected in the form of a
quadrant or segment so as to produce a reciprocating motion. I arrange the
battery and the breaker so that I can cause each cell to operate independantly
or in combination on each magnet, and to concentrato the electric current on
one or more magnets at the same time.
My improvement in batteries in giving a current, or stream, or agitation to
the liquid employed, is for the purpose of preventing local action, and for the
equalization of action through uniformity in the strength of liquid; also in
working the cells or troughs under pressure or in partial vacuum, by which
means the hydrogen or other gases evolved are more readily liberated from the
surfaces employed. Fig. 1, v, shows the inlet pipe, and w the outlet pipe in
the battery.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, I wish it to be
understood that I do not confine myself to the details herein set forth, as they
may be varied without departing from the principle thereof; but I claim as
my Invention the combination and arrangement of the series of magnets and
the battery as described and illustrated by the Sheet of Drawings herewith.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Waller, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
RICHARD WALLER. (L.S.)
HENRY FLETCHER, Patent Agent,
42, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane.