Improvements in Hand Looms.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 11th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 6th Mar., 1897
Improvements in Hand Looms.
I, The Honourable ROBERT FLOWER, of Knockatrina House, Durrow, Queen's
County, Ireland, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
These improvements refer to the means for actuating band looms without
much practice and are especially applicable to looms for use in cottages where
space is confined.
The lay is adapted to be rocked backwards and forwards by taking hold of a
handle at the upper end of it, and all the other motions are derived therefrom by
the following means. To the lower or fulcrum end of the lay is adjustably fixed a
tooth segment which imparts oscillating motion to a tooth pinion on a cam shaft.
This pinion is connected with a ratchet box all so arranged that when the lay is by
the weaver drawn towards him the cam shaft is moved about a quarter of a
revolution but when the lay is pushed away from him the cam shaft does not move.
On the said shaft are fixed upper cams for operating the usual treadle-like levers
for working the heald frames for opening the shed, and lower cams for depressing
two lower levers. The loom is under-pick, and the picker staves are actuated by
cords or straps which at their upper ends are attached to the lay and thence pass
over a guide pulley, thence down to the said lower levers, around guide pulleys
on the same and up to the picker staves to which the cords are attached, these
levers are at their back ends jointed to the loom frame and are raised again by
means of springs. These levers serve to tighten the cords every alternate stroke
of the lay when being depressed, so that when the lay is given a sharp stroke at
the end of the push, the picker staves receive a pull inwards, thereby driving the
shuttle across the loom.
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
1, The Honourable ROBERT FLOWER of Knockatrina House, Durrow, Queen's
County, Ireland, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
These improvements refer to the means for actuating hand looms without much
practice and are especially applicable to looms for use in cottages where space is
confined.
The lay is adapted to be rocked backwards and forwards by taking hold of a
handle at the upper end of it, and all the other motions are derived therefrom by

page_text: the following means. To the lower or fulcrum end of the lay is adjustably fixed
a tooth segment which imparts oscillating motion to a tooth pinion on a cam shaft.
This pinion is connected with a ratchet box all so arranged that when the lay is
by the weaver drawn towards him the cam shaft is moved a quarter of a revolution
but when the lay is pushed away from him the cam shaft does not move. On the
Faid shaft are fixed cams for operating the usual treadle like levers for working
the heald frames for opening the shed and also cams for depressing two lower
levers on the outside and on either side of the loom frame. The loom is under-
pick, and the picker staves are actuated by cords or straps which at their upper
ends are attached to the lay and thence pass over guide pulleys on the loom frame
thence down to the said lower levers, around guide pulleys on the same and up to
short arms fixed to the picker staves to which the cords are attached. These
levers are at their back ends jointed to the loom frame and are raised again by
means of springs. These levers serve to tighten the cords every alternate stroke
of the lay when being depressed, so that when the lay is given a sharp stroke at
the end of the push, the picker staves receive a pull inwards, thereby driving
the shuttle across the loom.
Fig. 1 is a side view, and Fig. 2 a sectional partial side view of a hand loom
made according to my invention, Figs. 1^, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are detail views.
A is the lay provided with handle W for taking hold of to rock it backwards
and forwards, drawing it to Y and pushing it to N. Z is a tooth segment fixed to
the fulcrum end of the lay and made adjustable by means of the screw Zand
nuts Z2. This tooth segment imparts oscillating movement to a tooth pinion B
and ratchet box B on a cam shaft C, shewn also in Fig. 3 and upon this shaft is
mounted a four toothed ratchet wheel B shewn in the end view Fig. 4. The
pinion B and ratchet box B° are connected, but are loose on the shaft C.
arranged that when the lay is drawn towards Y Fig. 1 the cam shaft C is turned.
one quarter of a revolution but when it is pushed towards N the shaft C does not
move. On the said shaft are fixed cams C for operating the usual treadle like
levere D for working the heald frames E for opening the shed, and cams K for
alternately depressing two lower levers H on the outside of the loom frame that
is one on either side thereof. The loom is under pick and the picker staves G2,
Fig. 5, are actuated by cords or straps G which at their upper ends are attached
to the lay at O and thence pass over guide pulleys I, thence down to the lower
levers H, around guide pulleys I 12 thereon and up to short arms G on the picker
staves G² to which they are attached. The levers H which at their back ends are
jointed to the loom frame are raised again by springs J. These levers serve to
tighten the cords G every alternate stroke of the lay when being depressed, so
that when the lay is given a sharp stroke at the end of the push, the picker staves
receive a pull inwards, thereby driving the shuttle across the loom.
To ease the pull of the cords G, springs G may be attached to the short
arms G to which the cords G may be fastened instead of directly to the
said short arms.
In Figure 1, one cam C only is shewn for operating the treadles D and also
but one double cam K for operating the lower outside levers H but it will readily
be understood that a complete set of cams is required on either side of the loom,
as shewn in Figure 6, that is to say, one cam C2 for each of the treadles D and
one double cam K for each of the levers H. The double cam K on one side of
the loom frame is set at an angle of 90° with the double cam K on the other side
of the loom frame while, with, for instance, eight treadies in pairs working, for
example, four heald frames, four cams Cset at an angle of 90° with each other
are mounted on one end of the shaft C inside the loom frame and a corresponding
set of 4 cams C2 set at corresponding angles are mounted on the other end of the
shaft C inside the loom frame.
The take-up motion is effected by silent feed by means of a lever M adjustably
attached at M to an arm M2 pivotted at M³ to the lay A. The lever M rocks on
the feed roller shaft P and on its outer end M' is pivotted a beavy eccentric cam Q

page_text: On the loom frame is pivotted a similar cam Q. As shewn in Figure 1A the
cams QQ are wedge-shaped and take into a V groove R¹ on the feed roller or
on a separate wheel R mounted on the feed roller shaft P. The cams Q', Q²
fall into the groove R' by their own weight or may be retained in position by
springs. As the lay is rocked the lever M by means of the eccentric cam
communicates a certain forward motion to the feed roller, the eccentric cam
retaining the feed roller in position on the return movement of the lever M.
By means of the adjustable attachment at M¹ the movement of the feed roller
can be varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A hand loom in which the picker staves and the heald frames are worked in.
the manner and by the means described and shewn.
2. The construction of hand loom shewn on the drawing.
TAI
1000
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.