Improvements in Machines for Grinding the Cutters of Engraving Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 30th June, 1899-Accepted, 30th Sept., 1899
☐
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Grinding the Cutters of Engraving
Machines.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company
Limited, of No. 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, and CHARLES WALTER
PASHLEY, of The Linotype Works, Broadheath, in the County of Chester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
The present invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding the
cutters of engraving machines. It is especially applicable to machines for grind-
ing the cutters of the engraving machine described in the Specification of Letters
Patent 11938 of 1895. Such a cutter is rectangular in cross section, and tapered,
towards a convex nose. The method of grinding hitherto followed has been as
follows. The tool is held in a chuck which is pivotted to turn in two opposite:
directions, one pivotting providing for the angle of the taper and the other for
the cutter being moved over the grinding wheel to prevent the cutter face being.
ground hollow. The chuck is fitted with a gauge and detent to set the number.
of faces.
The principal drawback of the above method is the absence of a stop inde-
pendent of the surface of the grinding wheel, capable of limiting the first of the
above mentioned pivotting motions. Now a wheel two inches in diameter is
reduced one half-thousandth of a diameter by the grinding of 15 tools. Con-.
sequently, no two tools nominally of the same size are counterparts of each other
to that degree of exactitude which is necessary, if it can be obtained, in machines
of the above class.
.a.
In carrying the present invention into effect, the tool chuck is pivotted by.
suitable arm projecting from it, upon a post standing up from a horizontal slide.
The arm is provided with a suitable handle for turning the chuck about the post.
The horizontal slide carries a stop which stands in the proper position in the path
of a finger fast to and projecting from the arm aforesaid for limiting the motion
of the chuck about its axis.
The horizontal slide is movable in a line parallel with the axis of the wheel.
upon a second slide provided with a suitable stop to limit the motion of the
horizontal slide and consequently the motion of the tool face horizontally over:
the wheel. The horizontal slide is moved by a hand lever engaging it and having.
its fulcrum upon the second slide.
The second slide is capable of being turned upon a third slide about a vertical
axis, for the angle of the faces of the tool. This third slide is further adjustable
up to the axis of the wheel by a micrometer screw to compensate for the wear
thereof.
DI 11.
0011
C
1900
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Grinding the Cutters of Engraving
Machines.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company
Limited, of No. 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, and CHARLES WALTER
PASIILEY, of The Linotype Works, Broadheath, in the County of Chester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The present invention relates to improvements in machines for grinding the
cutters of engraving machines. It is specially applicable to machines for grind-
ing the cutters of the engraving machine described in the Specification of British
Letters Patent 11938 of 1895. The cutter of such a machine is rectangular in
cross section and gradually tapers in the direction of its nose. The latter is
convex. The method in use hitherto for grinding the tapering faces of the cutter
has been as follows. The cutter is held in a chuck capable of a rotary motion
about its axis within a sleeve pivotted in a suitable support so as to be capable of
being swung about a horizontal axis. This axis is at right angles with that of
the grinding wheel or lap. The said support is pivotted so as to be turned about
a vertical axis which is provided by a post standing in front of the lap. The
chuck is turned in the sleeve in order that first one face of the cutter and then
another may be presented to the lap. There is combined with the chuck and the
sleeve in which it turns, a gauge and detent adapted to control the angle through
which the sleeve is turned, in order that all the tapering faces may be of the
same width. The chuck and sleeve are turned more or less about the vertical
axis, to grind the said faces at the desired angle with the axis of the cutter;
and about the horizontal axis, so as to move the whole of each face past the lap, to
prevent them being ground hollow.
The principal imperfection in the method just described is the absence of a
stop, other than the face of the lap, adapted to limit the motion of the cutter
about the vertical axis in the direction of the lap. Now it has been found that
a lap two inches in diameter is reduced one half-thousandth of a diameter by
the grinding of fifteen cutters. Consequently, as the lap is worn down, a cutter
face undergoing the process of being ground, stands nearer to the axis of the lap
than did the previous one, and no two ground cutters although normally of the
same size, are counterparts of each other to that degree of exactitude which is
necessary in tools of the class above described, if it can be obtained.
According to the present invention, the cutter to be ground is mounted in a
chuck carried by an ordinary slide rest; but the bottom slide of the latter has
combined with it a micrometer screw to compensate for the above described
reduction of the diameter of the lap; the middle plate has combined with it an
adjustable stop to limit the motion of the top slide and consequently the
horizontal motion of the cutter faces over the face of the lap; and the chuck is.
pivotted upon a vertical post standing up from the top slide, the latter carrying a
stop to limit the distance through which the cutter nose can be turned towards
the face of the lap, thereby providing for the exact adjustment of the angle of
the ground cutter faces with the cutter axis.
Referring to the accompanying figures,
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the invention;
Figure 2 is a plan corresponding therewith;
Figure 3 is a section taken. on the line 2 9
T

page_text: Figure 4 is an end elevation from the right hand of Figures 1 and 2 after the
cutter has been swung into a position parallel with the lap spindle;
Figure 5 is a side elevation of the front end of a cutter shewing one of its
flat tapering faces and the convex nose;
Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 66 of Figure 1:
Figure 7 is a detail plan; and Figure 8 a side elevation from the left hand of
Figure 1, of the stop for the top slide:
Figure 9 is a sectional plan on line 9-9 of Figure 1.
1 is the cutter to be ground; 2, the grinding wheel or lap; 3, 3, the driving
pulleys on its spindle 4; 5, the head stock in which the said spindle revolves;
and 6, the bed of the grinding machine. 7-Figure 5--is one of the tapering flat
faces of the cutter; 8, its convex nose, and 9, its shank. The cross section of
the latter is not affected by the present invention. 10 is the bottom
plate of the slide rest. It fits down upon the machine bed 6 and
is prevented from moving transversely thereupon, by a pair of ribs 11, 11.
Both the said bottom plate 10 and the head stock 5 are held to the said bed 6 by
any suitable means. 12 is the bottom or transverse slide of the rest and 13 is its
screw. The latter engages with the slide 12 by means of collars 14 fast to it and
standing one on each side of a flange 15 fast to and depending from the front
edge of the slide 12, as clearly shewn in Figure 4. The screw 13 engages with a
nut (not shewn) fast to the bottom plate 10, in the usual way. It has a micro-
meter head 16, provided on its periphery with a suitable scale 17 which co-operates
with an index 18 carried by the slide 12. 19 is the middle plate of the slide rest;
20, its circular base; 21, the fixed post standing up from the slide 12 and upon
which the middle plate 19 turns; 22, 22, the arcual slots in the base 20; 23, 23,
the screws fast to the slide 12 and standing up through the said slots; and 24, 24,
the nuts by which the plate 19 is held to the bottom slide 12 after its angular
position has been adjusted. 25 is the top slide. It is moved to and from the lap 1 by a
lever 26 having its fulcrum in a screw 27 which is passed downwards through it into
a bracket 28 fast to and projecting from the front of the middle plate 19. To so
move the top slide 25, the respective end of the lever 26 has a longitudinal slot 29
(shewn in dotted lines in Figure 2) formed in it, and which receives a stud 30
standing up from the said slide 25. 31 is a bracket upon the end of the middle
plate 19 next to the lap 1. 32 is a milled-head screw working through it opposite
to the respective end of the top slide 25, to serve as a stop for the motion of the
slide 25 towards the lap 1. 33, 33, are two lock nuts on the shank of the screw 32,
one on each side of the bracket 31, to lock the said stop in its adjusted position.
Turning now to the cutter and its chuck, 34 is a split resilient quill to receive
the shank 9 of the cutter. It fits in a bore 35 in the end of the round spindle 36
which is capable of being turned in the sleeve 37. 38 is a lining interposed
between the spindle 36 and the sleeve 37. 39 is a split ring adapted to receive
and clip the sleeve 37. To enable it to do so tightly, each of its ends has a
tab 40; and a tightening screw 41 is passed through one into the other. The
cutter shank 9 is held tightly to the spindle 36 by the resilience of the quill 34
in the bore 35, both being preferably tapered to facilitate such holding, while
the spindle 36 is held to the ring 39 by a spring detent 42 fast on the latter and
adapted to engage in any one of a series of notches 43 in the periphery of a
pulley 44 fast on the end of the spindle 36 which projects beyond both ring 39
and sleeve 37 for that purpose, and also carries a disc 45 by which the cutter 1
can be turned. The number of notches 43 corresponds with the number of faces 7
on the cutter; and the cutter shank 9 must be adjusted in the spindle 36 so that
when the detent 42 is in a notch 43, the face 7 to be ground shall be parallel with
the vertical plane which passes through the axis of the lap 2. The ring 39 is held
to a horizontal arm 46 by a shank 47 fast to the underside of it and fitting in a
hole in the end of the arm 46 in which position it is pinned by a pin 48 passed
through both arm end and shank 47. The opposite end of the arm 46, terminates
in a socket 49 which fits over a vertical post 50 fast to and standing up from the

page_text: top slide 25, opposite to the face of the lap 2, preferably opposite to the central
portion of it. Both socket 49 and post 50 are preferably tapered as shewn. The
post 50 is shewn in Figure 3 as held to the slide 25 by means of a reduced end 51.
passed down through the said slide and screw-threaded to receive a nut 52, the
bottom face of the said slide 25 having a recess 53 to receive the said nut. 54 is
a vertical groove in the side of the post 50 to receive the nose of a set screw 55.
working through the socket 49, when it is desired to hold the socket 49 to the
post 50.
There will be some wear and tear between the two last mentioned parts,
so that a vertical groove 54, as distinguished from a hole, is necessary to receive
the nose of the screw 55. 56, 56, are a pair of nuts on the screw-threaded, top.
of the post 50 to keep the socket 49 down upon the slide 25. 57 is a fixed stud
standing up from the said slide near the socket 49, and 58 is a shoulder on the
socket 50 for the purpose of engaging the said stud, to limit the distance through
which the cutter 1 can be moved towards the face of the lap 2. The object of
such limitation is to provide that none of the faces 7 shall be ground wider than
the others and also that all of them shall be exactly at the same angle with the
axis of the cutter. As the stud 57 is fixed and the angular adjustment of the
circular base may not be exact enough, there is a shoulder 58. It is a projection
from a split ring 59 which embraces the bottom portion of the socket 49 and is
held upon it adjustably by a set screw 60 passed through one and into the other
of a pair of outwardly projecting tabs 61 on the split ends of the said ring
The invention is used as follows. To begin with, the diameter of the lap 2
is measured to ascertain of it has been reduced by use, and if it has, the reduction
is compensated for by turning the micrometer screw head 16 until the axis of the
arm 46 is at the same distance from the face of the lap 2 as
it was before the latter became reduced in diameter. The cutter to be
ground is then inserted in the quill 34, and the spindle 36 turned until the
detent 42 engages in one of the notches 43. The screw 41 is then tightened.
The circular base 20 is adjusted angularly about the post 21 by means of the
slots 22, 22, and the set screws 23, 23, for the desired angle of the cutter faces 7
with the axis of the cutter 1. The stop 32 is next adjusted for the length of the
faces 7. The shoulder 58 is adjusted for the angle of the faces 7 with the axis of
the cutter, by loosening the screw 60, swinging the cutter chuck upon the post 50
until the axis of the shank 9 stands at the said angle with the
axis of the lap 2, turning the ring 59 about the socket 49 until
the shoulder 58 bears against the stud 57, fixing the said ring upon
the said socket by tightening the screw 60 and fixing the cutter chuck to the
post 50 by screwing the nose of the screw 55 into the groove 54. The shank 9.
is then moved from right to left past the lap 2, by means of the lever 20, until
the plate 25 is stopped by the stop 32. When it is stopped, the grinding of the
particularly face 7, is finished. The nose of the screw 55 is then screwed out of
the groove 54 and the cutter chuck gradually swung to the front until the axis
of the cutter I is at right angles with that of the lap 2, thereby grinding the
respective portion of the nose 8. The cutter is then moved clear of the lap 2,
the screw 41 slackened, the detent 42 disengaged from the pulley 44, the latter
turned through the proper arc, the said detent engaged in the notch 43 then
opposite to it, and the face 7 then opposite the lap 2 and the respective portion of
the convex nose 8, ground in the way above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what,
we claim is :-
1. The herein before described combination of slide rest having a micrometer
screw to set up the bottom slide; cutter chuck pivotted upon a vertical post on the:
top slide of the said slide rest; stop on the said top slide to limit the angular
motion of the cutter chuck; and stop on the slide rest to limit the motion of the-
top slide thereof.

page_text: 2. The hereinbefore described combination of slide rest having a micrometer
screw to set up the bottom slide; cutter chuck pivotted upon a vertical post on
the top slide of the said slide rest; stop on the said top slide to limit the angular
motion of the cutter chuck; shoulder turning with the cutter chuck; about its
axis and angularly adjustable in connection therewith; and stop on the slide rest
to limit the motion of the top slide thereof.
3. The herein before described combination of rotary lap; slide rest having a
micrometer screw to set up the bottom slide; cutter chuck pivotted upon a vertical
post on the top slide of the said rest; stop on the said top slide to limit the
angular motion of the cutter chuck; and stop on the slide rest to limit the motion
of the top slide thereof.
.
4. The hereinbefore described combination of slide rest having base, bottom
slide, micrometer screw adapted to move the latter over the former, middle plate
angularly adjustable upon the bottom slide, and top slide; with lever handle
adapted by having its fulcrum upon the middle plate to move the top slide;
adjustable stop to limit one motion of the slide; and cutter chuck pivotted thereon.
5. The herein before described combination of slide rest having base, bottom
slide, micrometer screw adapted to move the latter over the former, middle plate
angularly adjustable upon the bottom slide and top slide; with lever
handle adapted by having its fulcrum upon the middle plate to
move the top slide; adjustable stop to limit one motion of the slide; vertical
post on the top slide; cutter chuck pivotted thereupon; and stop on the said top
slide adapted to limit the angular motion in one direction of the said chuck about
the said post.
6. The herein before described combination of rotary lap; slide rest having a
cutter chuck pivotted upon a vertical post thereon, and having a micrometer
screw to compensate for the reduction in the diameter of the lap; a device for
moving the top slide towards the lap; and a stop to limit the angular motion
of the cutter chuck.
1000
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE, Fel. Ch. Inst. P. A.,
188, Fleet Street, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.