IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MESSAGES OR SIGNALS FOR SHIPS, HOTELS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Jaynor, of the Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PNEUMATIC TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING MESSAGES OR SIGNALS
FOR SHIPS, HOTELS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES.”
Sealed the 17th October 1878, and dated the 30th July 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Albert Jaynor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
80th July 1878.
I, ALBERT JAYNOR, of the Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING
MESSAGES OR SIGNALS FOR SHIPS, HOTELS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved arrangements in the construction
of pneumatic telegraphic apparatus suitable for transmitting messages or
signals on board ships, or for hotels, mines, or other like purposes,

page_text: According to the first part of my improvements the transmitting
instrument is constructed with a thick inflated bulbous ball of india-
rubber or other flexible or elastic chamber, over which rests upon a
hinge a flat circular disc. Transversely across this disc a shaft is
arranged with a crank motion to which the disc is geared so as to turn
smoothly and having a suitable crank handle for the opperator to take
hold of. On this transverse shaft there is a bevil pinion or cog wheel
which gears into a larger wheel carrying a hand or pointer. These two
cog wheels are so arranged as to indicate the signs, letters, or orders
marked on the dial. When the crank motion depresses or releases the
pressure on the inflated bulbous ball the action upon the air in the com-
municating tube is transmitted to the receiving instrument.
The receiving instrument consists of a flat india-rubber disc, which is
inflated and raised by the motion of the india-rubber ball in the trans-
mitting instrument.
'
In carrying out my improvements a framework of metal or other
suitable material is arranged, having a centre cog wheel gearing into a
small one on a pinion having a toothed wheel to ring a bell. The large
wheel pinion carries a hand or pointer projecting from a dial. This
large cog wheel moves freely on the pinion, but is so arranged with a
toothed wheel alongside of the cog wheel and a spring and ratchet, that
when motion is given to the centre pinion one way the ratchet moves
round with a click, and the cog wheel remains at rest, but when the
pinion is turned the other way the ratchet catches a tooth and moves
the large cog wheel and the bell is rung. The hand or pointer is moved :
likewise one point or order.
"
Every movement of the india-rubber disc rings a bell and moves the
hand one order or signal. Now if the transmitting dial has for instance
six, eight, or ten orders, signs, or letters thereon, the cog wheels moving
the hand in the transmitter will be six, eight, or ten, to one requiring a
six, eight, or ten revolutions of the handle to make a complete circuit.
.
Every complete revolution of the crank handle makes a depression and.
a release of the india-rubber ball, and forces the corresponding india-
rubber disc in the receiving instrument to rise and fall, thus giving
motion to the bell and indicating hand or pointer, thereby giving an a
order or signal and setting the apparatus preparatory for the next.

page_text: The ball in the transmitting instrument having only pressure on the
top, and no side pressure allows it to expand when the air becomes
rarified by heat, so that the receiving instrument may be placed in the
hot engine room of a steam ship, and the transmitter on deck in the cold
air without affecting the correct registering of the apparatus.
According to another arrangement the receiving instrument has a
spring applied to the large cog wheel, and every time the flat india-
rubber disc is inflated it raises a lever which winds the spring one click.
at the same time by combined mechanism releases a toothed wheel or
escapement, and allows the motion to the bell and hand or pointer of the
apparatus. Or a clock movement may be employed so constructed that
it can be wound by a chain over a grooved wheel, and have a toothed
wheel to be released by the motion of the india-rubber disc. But I prefer
the first described arrangement of apparatus as being more simple and
less liable to get out of order, besides being cheaper to construct.
By these improvements greater simplicity of mechanism is obtained
than hitherto in pneumatic telegraphic apparatus.