Improvements in Casks and in the Manufacture of the same.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Mar., 1892-Accepted, 9th Apr., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Casks and in the Manufacture of the same.
1, JAMES SHENTON, of Albert Sheet Iron Works, Witton Lane West Bromwich
in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer of Sheet Iron, do hereby declare the
nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvements in casks and in the manufacture of
the same by which I am enabled to make such casks entirely of steel or iron while
adhering to the shape of the present wooden casks so as to render them of easy
manipulation when being rolled turned or cut by reason of the bulge in the body of
the cask. These metal casks are particularly adapted to the shipment of oils and
other liquids and for other purposes where cylindrical vessels have hitherto
been used.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto three sheets of drawings upon which I have
fully illustrated the nature of my said improvements together with the mode of
carrying the same into effect.
Figure 1, is a general view of one of my casks complete.
Figure 2, is a view of one of the sections of which my casks are formed.
Figure 3, is a longitudinal section through Figure 1.
Figure 4, is a cross section through Figure 1.
Figure 5, is a similar cross section to Figure 3 but shewing a modification in the
joint.
Figure 6, is a cross section of a modification showing the cask formed of a
different number of parts.
Figure 7, is a similar cross section to Figure 5 showing another modification.
Figure 8, is a view of a cask with the body part made in one piece as afterwards
described.
Figure 9, shews another niode of forming my metal casks.
Figure 10, is a sectional view of the bung.
Figure 11, is a similar view to Figure 10 but shewing a modification.
In carrying my invention into effect I take a number of sheets of metal such as
steel and iron which are shaped as shewn at Figure 2, i.e. with square ends and the
side edges curved outwardly at the centre so that the width of the sheet in the
centre is greater than at the two ends. These sheets A are stamped or pressed to
the curved form shewn by Figure 2 after which they are placed together as shewn
at Figure 4 and the joints covered by the bands or strips a¹ which are rivetted,
welded, seamed, or soldered as may be preferred by which means a metal cask is
obtained with the bulge a' in its shape which renders the manipulation of the casks
easy. The ends B are stamped or pressed up separately with the flange b¹ around
the edge and with the depressions 2 in the centre to stiffen them after which they
are inserted within the ends of the body and rivetted as shewn or they may be
welded, seamed, or soldered and between these and all joints a lead strip may be
placed between the two pieces of metal so as to make it thoroughly air and water
tight. The casks being made with the exception of the insertion of one end they
may be galvanized inside and out after which the other end is rivetted or otherwise
fastened in as the case may be that end being afterwards galvanized the whole of
The joints may be formed by
the joints are thus galvanized after being made.
lapping the one edge of the plate over the other as shewn by a² Figure 5 in which
case one row of rivets only is required and the edge of the plate may be turned in

page_text: at an angle as shewn by a Figure 7 by which the sheets are materially strengthened.
The body of the cask A may be formed of two or more sections of metal or it may
be formed of one sheet as shewn by Figure 8 in which case the sheet is cut the
required shape. and passed through rolls or stamps to give it the required curl to
form the body A. after which it is dressed on a mandrel to the required shape the
edges being then joined together at a and the ends B inserted as before described.
A modification in the mode of forming my metal casks is by stamping up the two
ends E and F Figure 9 which ends are afterwards connected together by the
band H the three parts E, F, H, being either welded or soldered together at
and thereby forming the cask.
For the bung a hole is formed in the cask and the flanged bush K inserted which
bush is either screwed to receive a screwed bung as shewn by Figure 10 or
the hole in the bush may be plain to receive an ordinary cork as shewn by M
Figure 11.
In the case of a screwed hole shewn by Figure 10 the end of the metal tap to he
inserted may be provided with a key to engage with the head of the bung and
thus screw the plug into the barrel at the same time as the top is screwed in.
In the case of a plain hole a wooden tap would be used and be knocked in the
usual way.
The casks may be additionally strengthened by the introduction of metal hoops
or a metal band may be provided to receive the wear while the casks are being
rolled or turned and the hoops may be shrunk on the ends over the rivets as shewn
by P Figure 13.
I may form a timber casing S around the centre of the cask as shewn at
Figures 12 & 12 which may be retained in position by the metal hoops s' and s
which arrangement ensures the smooth running and cutting of the cask.
The body of the cask may be strengthened by the corrugation T Figure 14 upon
which the cask may be rolled or there may be one two or more corrugations
formed around the cask as shewn at t Figure 15. The casks may also be
strengthened by the internal hoops W of which there may be any number and
which may be of any suitable section such as those shewn at Figure 16. These
hoops may be made in two halves the ends at the joint w butting against cach
other and thereby stiffening out the body of the cask.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in casks and in the manufacture of the same sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein set forth and shewn upon the accompanying
drawings.
2nd. The improvements in casks and in the manufacture of the same consisting
of a cask of sheet metal formed in two or more sections A with bulge a' and
ends B substantially such as and for the purpose herein set forth and illustrated by
Figures 1 to 7.
3rd. The improvements in casks and in the manufacture of the same in which
casks are formed of sheet metal in the manner substantially as described and
illustrated with regard to Figure S.
4th. The improvements in casks and in the manufacture of the same in which
such casks are formed of sheet metal in the manner substantially as described and
illustrated with regard to Figure 9.
5th. The improvements in casks and in the manufacture of the same in which
such casks are corrugated substantially as described and illustrated with regard to
Figures 14 and 15.
6th. In improvements in casks and in the manufacture of the same the timber
casing substantially as described and illustrated with regard to Figures 12 & 12ª.
7th. In improvements in casks and in the manufacture of the same the a

page_text: strengthening internal hoops W substantially as and for the purpose described.
and illustrated with regard to Figure 12.
Dated this 20th day of February 1892
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.