Improvements in Tire and Rim Constructions for Wheels.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Sept., 1897--Accepted, 6th Nov., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tire and Rim Constructions for Wheels.
I, HUGH LAWSON WARNER of Hamilton, in the County of Butler, and State of
Ohio, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in wheel tires and rim constructions,
and to that class of tires which are known as pneumatic, and has for its object a
very simple, cheap and easy method of mechanically fastening the tire to the rim,
also a means of holding the tire down into one concavity of the rim, and a means
of preventing the tire from chafing by rolling contact with the edges of the rim,
and a further means of strengthening a rim where wood or such material is used.
which prevents it from splitting the wood longitudinally, and a further means of
fastening the parted edges of a cover or tire together without depending on the
rim for assistance.
The novelty of my invention will be hereinafter set forth and specifically
pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1, is a perspective view of a portion of a tire and rim embodying my
invention, and as particularly adapted to a double-tube pneumatic tire for wheels."
Figure 2, is a perspective view of a portion of the rim with the tire fastening
devices applied thereto.
Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6, are side elevations of different forms of my improved tire
fastening devices.
Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10, are end elevations, respectively, of Figs. 3, 4 5 and 6.
The same letters of reference are used to indicate identical parts in all the figures..
A represents a well known form of concave-convex bicycle-rim, in its cheapest
and preferred form, of a single non-laminated piece of wood, though it may be of
any other suitable material. Into the outer concave periphery of this rim are
secured transversely, and at intervals, fastening devices, B, each composed prefer-
ably of a single piece of wire having a tie-portion, a, bent to fit the concavity of
the rim and turned-up looped-portions. b, arranged to stand or project radially
to the concavity of the rim, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The tie-bars, 7, have, pendent.
projections, e, which, enter and engage the rim and whose cuter edges are prefer-
ably beveled. so that they may be readily forced into the wood, when such rims
are used, and in entering the same will become self-clinched, as seen in Fig. 1.
These fastening devices, B, not only serve as a means of readily attaching the tire
to the rim and detaching it therefrom, in a manner to be presently explained,

page_text: but they also serve to materially strengthen the rim itself and prevent it from
splitting longitudinally, as will be readily understood.
C, is the outer jacket or tire, of the usual or any suitable flexible material, com-
posed of a continuous flat sheet adapted to have its longitudinal edges brought
together so as to abut within the middle of the concavity of the rim, as seen in
Fig. 1. There are two essential features of novelty in the construction of this
outer jacket or tire, and they are,-first, the provision of chafing rolls, d, Fig. 1,
on its outer side at a point of contact between the edges of the rim and tire, which
serve the double purpose of preventing the chafing of the tire against the edges
of the rim and its turning axially within the concavity of the rim. The second
novel feature of my improved tire is the application thereto, on its inner side, of
tension strips, D, of suitable material, which are securely fastened, while under a
great tension, to the inner sides of the tire so as to lie within the concavity of the
rim with their inner edges closely abuting or slightly overlapping. These tension
strips serve the double purpose of holding the jacket or tire tightly down within
the concavity of the rim and prevent it rising therefrom, and preventing the air
tube from blowing down between the meeting edges of the cover, C, as when riding
slack or with the tire not fully inflated. The tire has a tendency to rise up out of
the concavity of the rim and disengage itself on each side of its meeting edges,
within the concavity, and is provided with perforations, e, preferably fitted with
metal eyelets, and which can be slipped over and engage the looped-portions, b,
of the fasteners, B, to securely fasten the tire to the rim and prevent its creaping.
When the tire is deflated, it may be readily attached to or detached from the rim,
as will be readily understood. The looped-portions, B, do not pass through the
tension strips but are covered by them, as shown, and the interior of the tire is
provided with the usual or any suitable inflatable tube, E, (shown deflated in
Fig. 1) which, when inflated, by the usual or any suitable means, aids in holding
the tire down within the concavity of the rim and prevents the fastening devices
from becoming accidently disengaged. In Figs. 3 to 10 inclusive, different forms
of fastening loops, b, and attaching shanks, c, are shown, all constructed of a
single piece of material preferably wire and embodying my invention, which in
this feature is not to be limited to the shape of the fastening shanks, nor ever
to the provision of shanks for entering the rim, where other means for preventing
the creaping of the tire are provided.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In tire and rim constructions, the combination of a series of single-piece
fastening devices, with inturned ends, adapted to be seated transversely in the
concavity of the rim, and a tubular tire provided with perforations to engage the
fastening devices, substantially as described.
2. In tire and rim constructions of the character described, a fastening device
constructed of a single piece of wire, with looped inturned ends to engage the tire
and oppositely turned shanks to penetrate and engage the rim, substantially as
described.
3. In tire and rim constructions, the combination with a rim having an outer
concave periphery, of a tubular tire provided with chafing rolls at points of
contact between the edges of rim and tire, and means for fastening the tire to the
rim, substantially as described.
i
4. In tire and rim constructions, the combination with a rim having an outer
concave periphery, of a tubular tire cut through on its inner periphery, and pro-
vided on its inner side with one or more tension strips, and means for fastening
the tire to the rim, substantially as described.
5. In tire and rim constructions, the combination with a rim having an outer
concave periphery, and provided on its inner side with tension strips adapted to fit
over the joint of the meeting edges of the tire, for the purpose of holding the tire
within the concavity of the rim, and for preventing the inflatable tube from being

page_text: blown between the edges of the tire, and means for fastening the tire to the rim,
substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of September 1897.
HUGH LAWSON WARNER.
By Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agents to Applicant.