matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CENTRAL-FIRE CARTRIDGES FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Abraham at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th August
1866.
I, JOHN ABRAHAM, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Machinist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CENTRAL-FIRE CARTRIDGES FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS,'
to be as follows:-
وو
Central-fire cartridges for breech-loading fire-arms consist of a metal cap
closed at one end, to which a paper case is affixed, or of a metal tube or case
closed at one end, in which said tube or case the powder and projectile of
the cartridge are placed. In the closed end of the metal cap, or tube, or case,
and in the axis thereof, a cup or inner short and narrow tube is fixed by
turning down or closing the open end of the cup or short tube upon the
outside of the cap or end of the tube or metal case. In the cup or inner
tube described the percussion cap and anvil for discharging the cartridge are
placed. In the ordinary manufacture of the said cartridges the outer cap or
tube or case, and the cup or inner tube in the end thereof, are made separately
and are afterwards joined together.
My Invention consists in making the outer cap or tube or case of the
cartridges and the cup or inner tube in which the percussion cap and anvil

page_text: are placed of one piece of sheet metal by the process of raising in dies, that is
to say,
I take a disc of sheet metal, and by the successive use of a series of
properly shaped dies or drawing through tools I raise or shape the outer cap
or case of the cartridge, and at the same time form concentric therewith at
its closed end the inner cup or tube, the said raising or drawing through
process being conducted essentially in the manner commonly practised in
raising or shaping other metallic articles from sheet metal. The essence of
my Invention consists in making the outer cap or tube or metallic case and
the cup or inner tube of central-fire cartridges of one piece of sheet metal by
the process of raising in dies.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Sutcliffe Chater at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th December
1866.
I, DANIEL SUTCLIFFE CHATER, of Blackawton Vicarage, in the County of
Devon, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to the application of a double-coned surface to the
tops of chimneys whereby to prevent downdraughts, and at all times maintain
a free escape for the smoke from the chimney top. I apply this double-coned
surface to revolving cowls in which the smoke emerges in a horizontal direction,
or it may be to fixed chimney tops in which the smoke escapes in a vertical or
horizontal direction. The escape openings of chimney tops are usually circular,
and I make the addition to be applied thereto according to my Invention also
circular in accordance therewith, and somewhat larger in diameter; it is as
before indicated in the form of a double cone of metal or other material, the
apex of the one cone pointing towards the centre of and just entering the orifice
of the chimney top, while the other points in the opposite direction; it is fixed
in position by three stays (more or less) near the periphery, each of three or
four inches in length, which will be somewhat varied according to the incline
of the cone, leaving a like distance between it and the mouth of the cowl or
chimney pot. In whichever direction the wind strikes this top it is thrown
off and prevented entering the chimney; this top at same time provides

page_text: a free escape for the smoke. I vary the form of this double cone to suit the
shape of the escape opening from the chimney top, for instance, if this is
square I make the tapered addition also of like form. Instead of a double
cone a single cone might be substituted, having the apex pointing towards the
smoke aperture, but with a less beneficial effect than the double cone before
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PERFECTING OR ORNAMENTING LACE AND OTHER LIKE FABRICS, AND ALSO IN IMITATIONS OF THE SAME
Year: 1866

page_text: 5
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th August
1866. A communication from abroad by Auguste Pascal, Lace Manu-
facturer, and Félix Varenne, Merchant, both of 29, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PERFECTING OR ORNAMENTING LACE AND OTHER LIKE FABRICS,
AND ALSO IN IMITATIONS OF THE SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in printing on lace or net, or even on imitations of
lace plain or multicolored designs, which may be varied according to the
nature of the subject to be represented, viz., flowers, fruit, foliage, arabesque,
and any other ornamental fancy subjects. This printing is effected after the
material is manufactured, that is to say, added as an improvement in lace,
net, or imitations of all sorts, whatever may be the form, substance, and color
thereof. By the generic word lace I include all Alençon, Brussels, Valen-
ciennes, or Chantilly laces with a fine ground, blond, guipure, Cluny laces, in a
word, all needle or bone lace, whatever may be their denominations, and by
net or imitations of lace net I mean all such articles as are made by
machinery in imitation of the above genuine articles, viz., laco and net with
designs or patterns. The same printing or impressing may also be applied on
lace, net, or imitations of the same, whether dressed or not, which have been
tinted one or more times by any process.

page_text: The Invention thus consists in the application of lithographic or other
printing for producing designs on lace, net, and imitations thereof, such printed
articles being more in harmony with the various objects they are intended to
represent, while at the same time preserving the beauty of the lace and
improving the same by imitating exactly the objects intended to be represented
by the designs. It will be easily understood that the said articles by the
impression of colors and hues indefinitely variegated, and forming as it were
corollaries of the lace design itself, may be brought nearer to a perfect repre-
sentation than heretofore.
The lithographic process is applied in the following manner:-The stone
having received the desired composition and design, the object to be printed
is fixed on paper in the proper position, afterwards operating in the ordinary
way of producing lithographic or other impressions. Further, all kinds of
metallic colors may be used according to the designs or ornaments to be
obtained, which colors may be fixed by steam or otherwise accordingly as
lace, net, or imitations are to be acted on. It will be readily understood that
the impression may be made either on one or both sides of the articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR SIZING YARNS OR THREADS PREPARATORY TO WEAVING, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Fletcher and William Carr
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 26th December 1866.
We, JAMES FLETCHER and WILLIAM CARR, both of Blackburn, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR SIZING YARNS
OR THREADS PREPARATORY TO WEAVING, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist, firstly, in causing the yarn or thread to pass
through the size while subject to as little strain as possible by driving each
beam from which the yarn is drawn by friction, or by frictional contact with
a roller or rollers, or a traversing flexible or cloth, so as to deliver the yarn
from them in a state nearly free from tension; or this part of our Invention
may be accomplished by drawing the yarn or thread off the beams by rollers
geared with the mechanism which winds the yarn upon the beam after it has
been sized, the said rollers delivering the yarn so as to pass into the size very
nearly free from tension.
Another part of our Invention relates to the mechanism for measuring and
marking the yarn, which may be applied to other measuring purposes. The
mechanism hitherto used is a roller of fixed and uniform diameter.
Our improvements consist in employing a drum or roller formed by a series
of segments, bars, or surfaces, which can be expanded and contracted radially at
will by wedges, inclines, screws, or radiating arms, so that the measure of the
periphery of the drum or roller can be increased or diminished to the greatest

page_text: nicety, and the marker regulated to act when required without altering the
gearing between the expanding drum or roller and the marker. The spaces
between the segments may be covered by thin metal strips secured to each
segment, or the segmental drum may be enclosed in an elastic cover formed
of india-rubber, cloth, or other suitable elastic material.
Another improvement consists in the application of counting apparatus or
mechanism for registering the length of yarn passing the measuring drum or
roller, this registering apparatus being driven by frictional contact of a pulley
(gearing with the registering mechanism) with the periphery of the measuring
drum or roller.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURE OF CAUSTIC SODA
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexandre Raymond François
Nazaire Darbel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 18th October 1866.
I, ALEXANDRE RAYMOND FRANÇOIS NAZAIRE DARBEL, of No. 31, Rue
d'Enghien, Paris, in the Empire of France, Medical Doctor, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MANUFACTURE OF CAUSTIC SODA," to be as follows:-
My improvements in the manufacture of caustic soda consist in first
dissolving oxyde of zinc in a solution of any of the caustic alkalies, and then
mixing with this liquor a solution of sulphate of soda, by which I obtain
soda caustic and sulphate of zinc.
My Invention therefore consists in the employment of oxyde of zinc
dissolved in a solution of any of the caustic alkalies, and then mixing it with
sulphate of soda in solution for producing the above-mentioned result.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SALINOMETER Por
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
October 1866. A communication from abroad by George Sewell, of
Poughkeepsie, in the State of New York, and Francis Walker Bacon,
of Jersey City, in the State of New Jersey, United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SALINOMETER
Por," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in adapting a secondary chamber in the interior of
a salinometer pot in combination with the induction pipe, so that the water
issuing from the induction pipe will be compelled to pass down and then
up into the space containing the hydrometer. The interior of the pot is
divided into two distinct chambers, viz., the main chamber and the secondary.
chamber, the latter being formed by an open tube provided with a flange at
its upper end to support it, the flange resting on a shoulder around the
mouth of the pot. The space surrounding this tube within the pot constitutes
the main chamber. The two chambers may be formed in any other suitable
manner which will leave free communication between them at the bottom.
The induction pipe rises in the main chamber nearly to the top thereof, and is
closed at its upper_end, but has its sides perforated near the top to allow the

page_text: water to enter the chamber easily and without a violent upward rush. An
opening in the top of the pendent tube gives access to the secondary chamber
for the purpose of introducing the hydrometer. This opening is fitted with
an open tube perforated at the sides for the ingress of water. This tube
receives the hydrometer, and protects it from being broken against the edges
of the opening. The thermometer for ascertaining the temperature of the
water is introduced into the main chamber through an aperture in the flange
of the pendent tube.
By the above arrangement the current of water from the induction pipe is
broken, and the engineer or person having charge of the salinometer is not
exposed to the danger of being scalded by the water flying up out of the
pot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF HEATING THE BOILERS OF LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM ENGINES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH PURPOSE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Davies at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd May 1866.-A communication from abroad by David Greene
Haskins, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
I, GEORGE DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of
Middlesex, and No. 87, St. Vincent Street, in the City of Glasgow, Civil
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF HEATING THE BOILERS OF
LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM ENGINES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR
SUCH PURPOSE," (a communication to me from abroad by David Greene Haskins,
of Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States of America,) to be as
follows:-
The Invention consists principally in the application of the flame of gas or
of any oil or fluid to the outer or exposed surface of the boilers of locomotive.
or other steam engines, either entirely or in part as may be considered.
necessary, so as to bring the said flame in close contact with the heating.
surface of the boilers. The boiler may be of an oval, cylindrical, or other
convenient form in transverse section, and extending longitudinally through
the same are two or more tubes or flues, in each of which is arranged a series
of small longitudinal gas pipes provided with apertures or burners placed at
intervals throughout their entire length. These pipes are to be supplied with
gas from a tank or reservoir, to which they may be connected in any convenient
manner. To the under side of the longitudinal tubes or flues are secured pipes
passing through the lower part of the boiler, and open at both ends for the

page_text: admission of air to the said tubes or flues to assist in the combustion of the
gas. To the upper side of the said longitudinal tubes or flues are attached
other pipes passing upwards through the boiler for the escape of the consumed
gases or products of combustion. On the outside of the boiler is also arranged
a series of gas pipes, having apertures or burners, and placed longitudinally
as near to each other and to the outer surface of the boiler as may be found
expedient. Surrounding the boiler and the outer series of gas pipes is a
casing or jacket for the protection of the flame of the said pipes, which
casing may be either formed of a single thickness of metal plate, or it may
form a water jacket, and may be connected with the boiler in any convenient
A series of gas pipes may also be placed at each end of the boiler
and similarly protected by an external casing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND RIVETTING MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ralph Hart Tweddell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd August 1866.
I, RALPH HART TWEDDELL, of Sunderland, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND RIVETTING
MACHINES," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to a peculiar arrangement of portable or travelling
punching or rivetting, or combined punching and rivetting machines, and
consists in mounting the punch or heading die, as the case may be, in a
hydraulic ram working in a cylinder cast in or otherwise attached to one or
more suitable upright supports or standards, combined with the necessary
number of opposing supports or standards for carrying the holding or other
dies, forming a carriage which is supported on running wheels intended to
travel either along guide rails or on a suitable table or road way. The
bydraulic cylinder and ram are so arranged that the latter after having been
forced outwards with its punch or heading die can be brought back for a fresh
stroke either by hydraulic pressure or by means of a spring, or it may have a
lever attached to it and be brought back by hand, or the lever may be provided
with a suitable weight which would bring the ram back by its gravity. By
placing two or more cylinders and rams with corresponding opposing supports
on the same travelling machine any required number of holes or rivetts may
be simultaneously punched or rivetted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAY AND CHAFF CUTTING MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Howell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd November 1866.
Creekmore,
I, JOHN HOWELL, of Creek more, near Poole, in the County of Dorset, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAY
AND CHAFF CUTTING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar arrangement of the feed motion of hay
and chaff cutting machines whereby a stop or pause is made in the feeder
roller whilst each cut is being made, and consists in the employment of two
diametrically opposed cranks on the shaft or spindle carrying the knife wheel,
such cranks actuating by means of their respective connecting rods two
levers which are caused to reciprocate longitudinally on suitable supports
and to vibrate also on pivots in such supports. The free ends of these levers
carry each a moveable bolt with inclined or bevelled end sliding longitudinally
in a socket and kept pressed outwards by a helical or other spring. These
sliding bolts work alternately on a wheel, the face of which is notched, and
as such notched wheel is carried by the feed roller spindle a stop or pause in
the feed is effected during the time the machine is making a cut, the notched
wheel having an intermittant motion of one or more notches at a time
according to the length of chaff to be cut. In the back or reverse motion
of the levers the bolt is pressed inwards by the notch on the wheel till it
arrives at the next or alternate notch, and so on. By this Invention the use
of the ordinary regulating cog wheels for giving the required speed to the feed
rollers is dispensed with and greater power is obtained.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DIES OR MOULDS USED FOR STAMPING, PRESSING, OR MOULDING METAL, GLASS, OR OTHER MATERIAL CAPABLE OF BEING SO TREATED
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Joseph Fleetwood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
September 1866.
I, DANIEL JOSEPH FLEETWOOD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DIES OR MOULDS USED FOR STAMPING,
PRESSING, OR MOULDING METAL, GLASS, OR OTHER MATERIAL CAPABLE OF BEING
SO TREATED," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object, firstly, economy of labour in sinking the
die or mould from the solid block by avoiding to a great extent the initiatory
process of rough cutting, and also the saving in wear of the finished dies in
the following manner:-I heat the block in which the die or mould is to be
sunk and then lay upon the die surface a blank or shape in metal of about
the form which the die or mould is intended to produce, or a spoon, or fork, or
other article the design of which it is desired to reproduce, and placing upon
this blank if necessary a suitable top die. I place the die or pair of dies with
the blank between a pair of rolls, or under a power hammer, or within the
pinch of an bydraulic or other press in such manner as to produce the impress
of the blank upon one or both of the dies; this description of die may then be
used for breaking down dies, and if required for finished work, the sinking
thus formed may afterwards be trimmed and completed by the die sinker.

page_text: Secondly, my Invention refers to improvements in constructing dies or moulds
so that varied ornamental devices, crests, monograms, or diversified designs
may be introduced if desired into each separate stamping or casting; and to
illustrate this I will take the case of a die for stamping spoons intended to be
finished with a crest embossed or in relief upon the handle, to produce which
by the ordinary mode would necessitate a fresh pair of dies for every new
design or crest. I remove a portion of the die at the part required, and in the
opening thus formed I fix an independent plug die sunk with the desired
pattern, this can be changed as often as required, and consequently any number
of differently ornamented spoons may be produced from the same pair of dies.
It will readily be seen how this can be applied to dies or moulds used for
brass foundry, metal stamping, or chill casting, or to the pressing and moulding
of glass, horn, or other material capable of being so treated.
AN IMPROVED PORTABLE CHAMBER OR RECEPTACLE FOR CONTAINING ARTICLES WHEREBY THE SAME ARE CAUSED TO RETAIN THEIR HEAT
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Tempest Booth, of Ardwick, in the County of
Lancaster, Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED PORTABLE
CHAMBER OR RECEPTACLE FOR CONTAINING ARTICLES WHEREBY THE SAME ARE
CAUSED TO RETAIN THEIR HEAT."
Sealed the 2nd April 1867, and dated the 22nd October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Tempest Booth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
October 1866.
I, TEMPEST BOOTH, of Ardwick, in the County of Lancaster," Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PORTABLE
CHAMBER OR RECEPTACLE FOR CONTAINING ARTICLES WHEREBY THE SAME ARE CAUSED
TO RETAIN THEIR HEAT," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of keeping in a warm or heated
state plates, dishes, or other eating utensils until required for the table, and
also for keeping cooked meats after leaving the oven or fire and during
transmittal in a fit and proper heated state for serving up. The improvements

page_text: consist in the employment and use of an internal chamber or receptacle in
which the plates, dishes, or cooked meats are to be placed; this internal
chamber is enclosed within an outer casing the space between the two forming
an annular chamber which is constructed for the purpose of containing hot
water, the internal chamber by this means being completely immersed and
surrounded by the water, a suitable lid or cover being provided so as to prevent
the cold air from entering. In order that plates can be taken from the inner
. receptacle with facility a vertical slot or opening running from the top to the
bottom of the receptacle is formed, the said opening being provided with a
sliding or hinged door, thus when the outer casing is filled with hot water and
closed up the plates, dishes, or cooked food contained within the interior
chamber or receptacle will retain their heat until the time required for using
or being served up.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CROSSINGS FOR THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Armstrong at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th June
1866.
I, JOSEPH ARMSTRONG, of Rotherham, in the County of York, Ironfounder,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CROSSINGS FOR THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS," to be
as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
crossings for the permanent way of railways, and relates to improvements on
a former Patent granted to me, and dated May 20th 1865, No. 1398.
The improvements consist in forming the ends of the point and of the wing
or side rails where they join on to the ordinary rails in to separate rails so as to
afford facility for fishing them to the rails. This may be effected by suitably
formed dies, as described in my Patent before referred to, or the ends of the
point and wing or side rails where they join on to the ordinary rails may be
left solid and of a suitable form to be afterwards cut up by a saw or other
suitable means and then opened out by wedges or otherwise, or a wedge-
formed piece may be cut out of the ends of the point and wing or side rails
so as to form them into separate rails. The crossings may be of the form
shown and described in the Specification of another Patent granted to me and
dated October 28th 1856, No. 2530, or of any other suitable form.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Walker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th February
1866.
I, JOHN WALKER, of Staleybridge, in the County of Chester, Mechanic, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of preventing what are termed
"floats" in woven fabrics, that is, threads "floating" instead of being woven
in the fabric, and which are caused by the entanglement of the
or breaking of the "ends" of yarn during the operation of weaving.
warp threads
The improvements consist in arranging upon a bar fixed to the "press
beam" of the "slay" or other convenient place on the loom a number of
looped or slotted fingers or pieces of wire that move freely or slide vertically
thereupon, the lower or bottom end of each wire below the slot being formed
so as to project towards the yarn or warps; these wires are arranged upon the
said supporting bar in such a position that when the "shed" is open the warp
threads simultaneously raise the whole series of wire tumblers from one end of
the reed to the other, but should any one or more of the "ends" of yarn
become entangled or broken, the tumbler wires immediately above such ends,
not being acted upon when the "shed" opens remain in their lowest position

page_text: thereby causing the shoulder of the slot as the slay "beats back" to come
into contact with a rod in connection with the ordinary stop motion of the
loom, and thereby stopping the progress of the weaving until the yarn is
re-united.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS FOR THE NECK AND IN WRISTBANDS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Speight at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th July
1866.
T, GEORGE SPEIGHT, of Collingwood Street, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS FOR THE NECK AND IN WRISTBANDS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to collars for the neck and to wristbands, and
especially, though not exclusively, to such as are made of paper covered
wholely or partially with linen or other textile fabric, and it has for object
mainly to obtain a better set than heretofore, which is an important consideration
in these articles of manufacture.
My Invention consists in cutting or forming one or more slots or openings in
the collar between the top and band, that is to say, between the upper and lower
parts of the collar in "stand up " collars, or between what would be the outer
and inner parts of the collar when used as a turn down collar, the parts being
connected together at intervals by portions of the material left or remaining,
or by pieces added, these portions or pieces serving as stays, supports,
junctions, or distance pieces, and also by the ends which are left, that is to say,
the slots or openings do not extend to the ends or lateral edges of the collar,
or if they should extend so far end pieces are attached to the top and band

page_text: to serve as junction pieces. The slots or openings may be covered with.
linen or other flexible material or not as desired. After the slots or openings
are formed as described, the upper portion or top of the collar is pushed
downward so as to bend or fold the stays, connections, or junction pieces
which act as it were as joints also, and by these means an excellently setting
"stand up" collar is obtained, the top or upper part being thus what might
be techanically described as dished or suitably thrown out or caused to stand
out from the neck, and the fold obtained as described forms a recess for the
neck-tie or scarf and prevents it from riding up on the neck or becoming
displaced, or the top or upper part may be turned over so as to form the
outer part of the collar if a "turn down" collar be required, the band of
course forming the inner part, The above arrangements may be applied in
a similar manner and with similar advantages to wristbands."
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING ON WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by St. Cyr Radisson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th June 1866.
I, ST. CYR RADISSON, Chemist, residing at No. 5, Rue d'Augustins, Lyons,
in the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING ON WOVEN FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in printing on woven fabrics,
I mix coloring matters such as are ordinarily employed for printing on fabrics
with glycerine, either alone or with a little albumen, I print with this mixture,
and then dry the fabric; in this way very delicate shades may be obtained.
If the printing is required to be effected at a very low price, flour, gum, dextrine,
and similar materials may be added to the glycerine with which the coloring
matters are compounded, and after printing if the fabrics are steamed very
solid colours are obtained. By means of this volatile vehicle much richer
shades may be obtained than by the ordinary processes and the cost is less.
This process also allows of very beautiful prints being obtained on silks and
muslins, fabrics which will not bear steaming and washing.
A NEW PROCESS FOR OBTAINING ANILINE RED
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolphe Antoine Jaeger at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th April 1866.
I, ADOLPHE ANTOINE JAEGER, of Neilston, near Glasgow, Scotland, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW PROCESS FOR
OBTAINING ANILINE RED," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of using as oxidizing matter my new aniline yellow
color as obtained by me and described in the Provisional Specification
deposited on the 28th day of March last, No. 904. To that effect I dilute
one part of my aniline yellow color in five parts of cold water. I filter this
solution, and there remains in the filter a thick pulp, which I afterwards.
submit to a strong pressure in order to free it of water as much as possible,
which being done, I mix this so dried substance in equal proportion with some
rectified aniline in a stew pan of enamelled iron or any other suitable vessel.
After having well mixed these two substances, I hermetically close up the
vessel and submit it from three to four hours to a heat of two hundred aud
seventy degrees Fahrenheit (one hundred and fifty degrees centigrade); after
which delay the reaction is complete, and I have obtained a fine red colouring
substance, which I treat with chlorhydric acid in order to separate the
colouring substance from the tar. I then cause the colouring substance to
repeatedly boil with chlorhydric acid mixed with water. I then filter the
mixture, and pour into the solution so obtained sonie caustic soda that preci-
pitates the red coloring matter, which after being put in a filter and dissolved
by means of alcohol or methylated spirit, serves to dye and print in a red

page_text: color silk, wool, cotton, and all stuffs capable of being dyed and printed. I
also obtain from my aniline yellow colour another fine red colour, inclining to
the poppy colour, and to which I have given the name of Victoria pink to
distinguish it from the other aniline red colours. I then mix one part of my
aniline yellow colour herein-before specified with one part of rectified aniline
and five parts of arsenious acid, as 0%, and by heating this mixture for four
hours to a heat of two hundred and seventy degrees Fahrenheit (one hundred
and fifty degrees centigrade) I obtain my new coloring substance, which I
treat as the former one with chlorhydric acid to separate it from the tar. By
varying the proportions of rectified aniline and arsenious acid I obtain a great
variety of red colours that differ from each other by their yellow hue being
more or less apparent.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PHOSPHORUS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacob Hort Player at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th March 1866.
I, JACOB HORT PLAYER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PHOSPHORUS," to be as
follows:-
The object of my said Invention is to improve the manufacture of phosphorus
by preparing it from phosphoric acid or acid phosphate of lime intimately
mixed with carbonaceous matter obtained by carbonizing woody fibre or
ligneous tissue in contact with the said phosphoric acid or acid phosphate of
lime. The decomposition of the phosphoric acid by the said carbonaceous
matter is effected by heat in the usual way. To prepare the mixture of phos-
phoric acid or acid phosphate of lime with the said carbonaceous matter I
proceed as follows:-I take the crude solution of phosphoric acid resulting
from the decomposition of bone ash, mineral phosphates, coprolites, or other
phosphate of lime, or other combination or mixture containing phosphate of
lime by dilute sulphuric acid. I evaporate the said solution to the consistence
of a dense liquor or paste and mix it with spent tan, sawdust, peat, or other
ligneous matter. I heat the mixture in a furnace, or when I desire to collect
volatile products of the decomposition of the ligneous matter I beat the mix-
ture in a retort or other vessel of iron or other metal. I expose the mixture to
a temperature sufficiently high to thoroughly decompose or carbonize the

page_text: ligneous matter.
After having effected the carbonization of the ligneous
matter and driven off all the volatile compounds produced during the said
carbonization, I take the resulting black powder or granular mixture and
introduce it into retorts such as are commonly employed for the distillation of
phosphorus, and proceed to distil phosphorus therefrom in the usual manner.
By my Invention a more intimate mixture is effected of the phosphoric
acid to be decomposed and the carbonaceous matter for effecting its decom-
position than by the ordinary method of making the said mixture of phosphoric
acid and carbonaceous matter. The distillation of the phosphorus is thereby
facilitated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OXALIC ACID
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Clark Hills at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st July
1866.
I, FRANK CLARK HILLS, of the Chemical Works, Deptford, in the County
of Kent, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OXALIC ACID," to be as
follows:-
These improvements consist in forcing atmospheric air into what is
technically termed "oxalic acid mother liquor" during the time the nitric
acid is being added to it, and the treacle or other substances used to
make the oxalic acid in the usual way. The air should be forced by a force
pump or other suitable means into the lower part of the vessel containing the
"oxalic acid mother liquor," and should be made to pass upwards through
the said liquor, so as to come well in contact with it, by which means the
escape of nitrous acid fumes is greatly prevented, and a smaller quantity of
nitric acid will be required to make the oxalic acid.
AN IMPROVED METHOD IN THE ROLLING OF COACH SPRING, SPINDLE, AND SHEET STEEL
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Unwin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th February
1866.
1, WILLIAM UNWIN, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Gentleman, do
hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD IN THE ROLLING OF COACH SPRING, SPINDLE, AND SHEET STEEL" consists
in the rolling of coach spring steel in a three-high train of collar and grove..
rolls instead of a two-high train, and in the rolling and finishing of spindle
steel and sheet steel in a three-high train of rolls instead of a two-high train
of rolls.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Haworth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th October
1866.
1, JAMES HAWORTH, of Denton, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS OR COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD, AND IN
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of cutting off or "rounding " by
self-acting means the brims of hat bodies, either in regular or irregular widths,
according to the depth of curl or form of brim required.
The improvements consist in the use of a curved guide in combination with
two revolving discs acting as cutters, and a revolving table to hold the hat; the
curved guide attached to a graduated bar, which is mounted in slides on
the framing of the apparatus, so that as the guide is moved further from or
nearer to the cutters the width of brim is regulated. To the front surface of
the curved guide a thin metallic plate is attached, about the same width and
curve as the guide, and at each end of this two adjusting screws are arranged,
so as to "set out" the termination of the thin plates beyond the guide. The
brim of the hat body is placed on a table, which revolves on a pivot on a.
bracket projecting from the framing, and the rough edge of the brim is passed
between the revolving cutters, which are secured at the end of two shafts, and.
as the handle on the driving shaft is turned the action of the cutters cuts off
the superfluous part of the brim and also causes the hat to advance towards.

page_text: the cutters and the table to rotate. The vertical part or body of the hat is
placed against the guide, and if the brim is to be cut to a regular width all
round, the thin plate is allowed to bear against and be of the same curve as
the guide; but if the brim at the sides of the hat (for example) is to be left
wider to allow for "curling," the ends of the thin plate are "set out" by the
screw, so that as the body revolves this plate forces and guides the hat further
away from the cutters at such parts and the brim is cut as required.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SECURING OR PROTECTING CORKS OR STOPPERS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Bathoe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th August
1866.
I, CHARLES BATHOE, of 28, York Place, Portman Square, at present
residing at the Great Eastern Hotel, Harwich, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SECURING
OR PROTECTING CORKS OR STOPPERS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS," to be
as follows:-
The chief object of my Invention is to provide means for securing and
protecting ordinary corks in wine bottles after the corks have been withdrawn,
a portion of the wine taken out, and the cork again put in the bottle, so that
the wine may be kept under lock and key without being put into a cellar or
cupboard; but my Invention also applies to securing corks or stoppers in bottles
and other similar vessels generally.
My Invention consists in the employment of a padlock or other lock
combined with other parts substantially as follows:-I take a ring or frame
made with a slit to enable it to be opened out to pass over or round the neck
of the bottle; this ring or frame when shut is of smaller diameter than the
rim of the neck, so that it cannot be removed until opened. On each side
of the slit the ring is formed with a lug having an aperture through it. To
the part of the ring opposite the slit I hinge a cap which can be brought over

page_text: the cork or stopper; when so brought over a basp on the cap passes over the
lugs, and the ring or staple of the padlock is then inserted through the lugs
to hold the hasp.
I do not confine myself to the particular arrangement described, as my
Invention consists in the employment of a lock to secure a cap above the cork 5
or stopper for the purpose before stated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF FLOORCLOTHS AND COVERINGS AND SIMILAR CALLED FABRICS; AND ALSO OP PICTURE FRAMES, ARTICLES OF FURNITURE, AND ORNAMENTS THEREON,
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Hahn Danchell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
August 1866. A communication from abroad by Henry Ludwig
Danchell, of Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark.
-
I, FREDERICK HAHN DANCHELL, C.E., of Horwick, Lancashire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF FLOORCLOTHS AND COVERINGS AND SIMILAR CALLED FABRICS; AND ALSO OP
PICTURE FRAMES, ARTICLES OF FURNITURE, AND ORNAMENTS THEREON," being a
communication to me from abroad by Henry Ludwig Danchell, of Copenhagen,
in the Kingdom of Denmark, to be as follows:-
The ingredients of the material employed for the purposes of this Invention
are wood flour and india-rubber, well mixed and worked in any suitable
machine into one homogeneous body. The wood flour is a substance manu-
factured of wood dryed and ground into a fine powder and now met with in
commerce for paper manufacture. The india-rubber is dissolved previously
to being mixed in naptha, turpentine, or any other suitable solvent. This said
material after having been well mixed and kneaded is rolled out between rollers
into sheets and treated very much in the same manner as kamptulicon. The
wood flour may be dryed previous to being mixed for the purpose of giving
variety to the colors of the articles manufactured, or coloring matter may be
added before or whilst under the operation of kueading. Picture frames,

page_text: articles of furniture, and ornaments of various kinds are pressed in forms or
moulds. The proportions of the mixture vary according to the objects to be
made from it, the more pliable and soft the more india-rubber, and the less
pliable and hard the more of the wood flour is to be added. Other elastic
substances, such as gutta percha or linseed oil boiled down to a semi-fluid
consistency may be employed instead of india-rubber, but the latter is in most
cases to be preferred.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HAIR, NAIL, TOOTH, AND FLESH BRUSHES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Paul Truefitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
November 1866.
I, HENRY PAUL TRUEFITT, of the Burlington Arcade, Piccadilly, in the
County of Middlesex, Perfumer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HAIR, NAIL, TOOTH,
AND FLESH BRUSHES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to apply astringent, emollient, tonic,
stimulating, and other solutions to brushes during the operation of cleansing
the hair, the skin, the nails, or the teeth, for the purpose of subjecting either
the hair, the skin, the nails, or the teeth, to the influences of the principles
contained in such solutions, and thus acting tonically or otherwise upon the
vascular and other tissues, and more especially obviating the sponginess of the
gums. For these purposes I manufacture a stock or back of wood or woods
whose tonic, astringent, or other principles are capable of solution, whether in
water or other fluids, such as the woods of (trunk or roots) quassia, gentian,
ginger, chiretta, and the woods of certain nuts, such as the nut of the
strychnos and other plants. The bristles may be of the ordinary material or
combined with filaments of one or more of these woods, and these are to be
attached to the stock or back in any ordinary manner, or the stock or back or

page_text: the bristles may be of an absorbent wood or other material prepared for the
purposes of this Invention by being steeped in concentrated solutions or
decoctions or infusions of any of the above or such like woods, or imbued
with their essential principles.
AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR COATING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th July 1866. A communication from abroad by Charles James Eames,
of the City of New York, in the United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR COATING SHIPS'
BOTTOMS AND OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a composition which is particularly intended for
coating ships' bottoms, but which can be used for coating woodwork or iron of
any description which may be exposed to the action of salt or fresh water, and
which is liable to become foul or perforated by worms. This composition is
made of asphaltum, naphtha, heavy oil from gas tar or coal tar, sulphate of
copper, white arsenic, and creosote, mixed together in about the following pro-
portions: Asphaltum, 7 lbs. ; naphtha, 4 lbs.; heavy oil, lb.; sulphate of
copper, lb.; white arsenic, lb.; creosote, 2 ounces. The asphaltum is melted
by heat, and to it is added enough naphtha to give to the mixture the consistency
of paint when cool; after this mixture has cooled a preparation of the remaining
ingredients is added. These are mixed together as follows:-The sulphate of
copper is pulverized and heated until it is quite free from its water of crystalliza-
tion, to this is added an equal quantity by weight of white arsenic of commerce

page_text: and also enough creosote to form a paste; the heavy oil is then added, and the
mixture is ground until it becomes quite smooth, after which naphtha is added
sufficiently to make the mixture liquid. The preparation thus obtained is
stirred into the first mixture, and when both are thoroughly combined the
compound is ready for use.