Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1887
Complete Left, 24th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 24th Feb., 1888
I, LOUIS CARL HENRY MENSING of Florence Villa Bromfield Road, Chelmsford,
in the County of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention consists of a solitaire or stud which is so formed as to be easily
inserted through a button or other hole while wings at the end, by a subsequent turn
of the top or face are opened out and hold the soltaire in place.
To this end I pivot upon a suitable flattened shank two short wing like pieces or
arms which when closed form a tapered point adapted to be inserted through the
button or other hole. To each wing at a point a little above that at which it is
pivoted to the shank are hinged arms which pass down recesses on either side of the
shank, terminating below in a short screw thread which passes into a boss on the
inside of the front face of the stud, a rim around which, is turned over and secured
on a flange or disc around the shank. By turning the top face of the stud the screw
will be moved up and down, thus through its connected arms opening out and closing
up the wings or arms. If preferred the screw may be upon the stud and work in a
thread formed at the top of the connecting arms, while a spring may be used to hold
the wings or arms in position.
It will be seen that the stud forms only one part when either open or closed being
thus preferable to that form in which the top or face is separate from the shank.
Dated this 19th day of May 1887.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Studs, Ouff Solitaires, and similar Articles.
I LOUIS CARL HENRY MENSING of Florence Villa, Broomfield Road, Chelmsford
in the County of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of a solitaire or stud which is so formed as to be easily
inserted through a button or other hole, while wings at the end, by a subsequent turn
of the top or face are opened out and hold the solitaire in place.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, reference is made to the
accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which like
letters of reference are used to designate like parts in the various figures.
Figure 1 represents a detached view of the wings a a, the hinge joints a¹ at being
so arranged that the wings are interchangeable while a recess at a is provided in each
for purposes hereinafter set forth.
Figure 2 represents a side elevation of the carrying frame 6 provided with hinge
joint 61 61 adapted to receive the hinge joints a¹ a¹ of the wings and also provided with
flanges bb adapted to engage with the wedge screw hereinafter described.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the gripping or opening arms c c mounted on or
formed with a projecting base flange cand provided with grips o³ ³ adapted to fit
into recesses a a³, the space between said arms being sufficient to enable them to
embrace the carrying frame 6 in the manner shewn in
Figure 4 in which the parts a b c are represented as fitted together, the two
wings a a being closed.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the back piece d, provided with an oval tube
stem d¹ which is of such a size as to permit the parts a, b, c, to fit snugly therein.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the top or cap piece e which carries the wedge
screw e¹.
Figure 7 is a plan view of top or cap piece.
Figure 8 is a side elevation with all the parts in place, forming a complete stud or
button with the wings closed.
Figure 9 is a sectional view of Fig. 8 and shows the wedge screw e made of a
separate piece from the cap e to which it is attached.
Figure 10 is a sectional view at right angles to that shewn in Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is an elevation of a complete stud or button with the wings open.
Figure 12 is an elevation of a complete stud or button having the same general

page_text: appearance externally but with a slightly modified internal construction as shewn in
Figures 13 and 14 which are sectional views shewing the carrying frame b as being
hinged centrally to the wings a while the gripping or opening arms c are divided
or forked as most clearly shewn in Fig. 14 and the arm from one wing is secured to
that from the other by a small bar or wire c* which may be rivetted or soldered to
said arms.
Figure 15 is a plan view of the interior of the cape and wedge screw e¹ both
being of substantially the same construction as shewn in the previous figures.
Figure 16 is an elevation of a button or stud in which an ordinary machine thread
screw is attached to or made to form part of the cap as clearly seen in Figures 17
and 18 which are sectional views thereof. In this construction the carrying frame b
is rigidly attached to, or forms part of the back piece d while the gripping arms cc
at their inner ends, terminate in a nut which engages with the screw 9, and at their
outer ends are shewn as being connected by pivot pins with the wings.
Figure 19 is a view from beneath with the wings extended.
Whichever construction is employed the operation is practically the same, in that a
turning of the cap e causes the wings to be expanded or contracted as the case may
be. In the construction shewn in Figs. 1 to 15, if the back piece d is held from
rotation (as would be the case if the stem d¹ is passed through a button hole) and the
cap is turned, the flanges 6 6 will rise up the wedge screws e¹ owing to the carrying
frame being unable to turn in stem d' and said frame will carry hinge point a out
from said stem, while flange c¹ will come in contact with the inner face of back piece d
and through gripping arms c, open wings a as shewn in Figs. 11 and 13. If the
cape be then turned in the opposite direction frame 6 will recede into stem d¹
and the edges of wings a on coming in contact with the edges of the stem will be
closed as shewn in Figs. 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, and 14 and the grips c' being held within
the recesses a³ in the wings, the gripping arms will also recede.
In the construction shewn in Figs. 16 to 19 the hinge point is fixed, and a turn of
the cap causes the gripping arms c c only, to be advanced or withdrawn and the wings
thus opened or closed, and it will be evident that the same effect will be attained if
the arms c terminate in a screw, the screw g being replaced by a boss or nut.
In both cases it will of course be understood that cap e is so turned over back
piece d as to hold the parts in place and yet permit of their being turned separately.-
The parts may be lightly held in their open and closed positions by means of two
slight indentations or recesses on the inner part of cap e with which a single pro-
jection on back piece d will engage, or such projection and indentation may be
reversed as in either case, the slight spring obtained when the parts are properly
adjusted is sufficient for the purpose.
I am aware that it is not new to have a separable stud or button, one part being
screwed into the other, also that studs or buttons with a wing or wings attached
thereto have previously been made, but so far as I am aware it is new to form a stud
or button of ordinarily inseparable parts the turning of one of which will open and
close holding wings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1st. In studs, cuff solitaires and similar articles, the two wings a a pivoted at a¹ and
adapted to be closed for insertion into the desired article and subsequently opened so
as to be held therein substantially as described.
2nd. In studs, cuff solitaires and similar articles, the combination with the moveable
wings of a screw or socket, the movement of which will open and close said wings
as described.
3rd. In studs, cuff solitaires and similar articles, the combination with the cap of
a moveable back plate d through which the connections to the wings pass substan-
tially as described.

page_text: 4th. In studs, cuff solitaires and similar articles, the combination with the cap e of
a wedge screw e¹, carrying frame 6 provided with hinge joints for the wings and
gripping arms c adapted to engage with said wings and cause them to open substan-
tially as described.
5th. In studs, cuff solitaires and similar articles the combination with the cape of
screw g and socket f arranged to operate substantially in the manner and for the
purpose set forth.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55.& 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agent for the Applicant.