IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Tyer, of No. 4, Old Street, Finsbury, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GALVANIC BATTERIES."
Sealed the 2nd April 1875, and dated the 6th February 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Tyer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th February 1875.
I, EDWARD TYER, of No. 4, Old Street, Finsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the construction of single or of combined
cells of galvanic batteries in such a manner that the parts subject to
fouling can be readily taken out, cleansed, and replaced, and that ready
access is given for cleansing to all parts.
In constructing a single cell according to my Invention I provide a
vessel preferably cylindrical, in shape like a jar, and made of glass,

page_text: glazed carthenware, porcelain, vulcanite; or other suitable non-con-
ducting and impervious material. In the interior of this vessel I make
lugs or grooves, or I make notches in its upper edge, and I provide a
slab or plate of like material perforated with numerous small holes,
which slab I slide into the interior of the vessel so as to divide it into
two compartments, one for cach clement, the liquid contents of which
communicate through the perforations in the slab. The lugs, grooves,
or notches in the jar serve to keep the slab steady in its place.
For cleansing, the slab is withdrawn, and can be thoroughly cleaned
and have its perforations cleared out; and when it is so withdrawn the
interior of the vessel or jar can also be thoroughly cleansed.
The holes in the slab are preferably countersunk on one side or on
both sides, so that they can be more easily cleaned out.
In constructing compound cells I form a number of them in one box
made of glazed earthenware, vulcanite, or other non-conducting and
impervious material, the successive cells being separated from each other
by permanent water-tight and non-conducting partitions; or the box
may be of wood divided into cells by glass, or earthenware, or other
impervious and non-conducting plates, secured by marine glue or cement
in grooves formed in the sides and bottom of the box. In each cell I
provide lugs or grooves between or into which I slide a perforated slab
such as I have described above, thereby dividing each cell into two
compartments, one for each clement. As these perforated slabs can be
readily removed and replaced, they, as well as the compartments which
they divide, are readily accessible for cleansing.
In employing a perforated slab such as I have described in a cell
containing liquids or solutions of different specific gravities in its two
compartments I prevent commingling of the liquids by applying to one
side of the slab a sheet of paper or porous fabric. When the slab is
taken out and cleansed this sheet can either be washed and replaced, or
a fresh shect may be supplied.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Tyer in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
TYER, of No. 4, Old Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Tyer, Her special
license that I, the said Edward Tyer, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Tyer, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thercafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, tho
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GALVANIC BATTERIES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Tyer, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Tyer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is
to say:
My Invention relates to the construction of single or of combined cells
of galvanic batteries in such a manner that the parts subject to fouling
can be readily taken out, cleansed, and replaced, and that ready access is
given for cleansing to all parts.

page_text: In constructing a single cell according to my Invention I provide a
vessel preferably cylindrical, in shape like a jar, and made of glass,
glazed earthenware, porcelain, vulcanite, or other suitable non-con-
ducting and impervious material. In the interior of this vessel I make
lugs or grooves, or I make notches in its upper edge, and I provide a
slab or plate of like material perforated with. numerous small holes,
which slab I slide into the interior of the vessel so as to divide it into
two compartments, one for each element, the liquid contents of which
communicate through the perforations in the slab. The lugs, grooves,
or notches in the jar serve to keep the slab steady in its place.
For cleansing the slab is withdrawn, and can be thoroughly cleaned
and have its perforations cleared out, and when it is so withdrawn tho
interior of the vessel or jar can also be thoroughly cleansed.
The holes in the slab are preferably countersunk on one side or on
both sides, so that they can be more easily cleared out.
In constructing compound cells I form a number of them in one box+
made of glazed earthenware, vulcanite, or other non-conducting and
impervious material, the successive cells being separated from each other
by permanent water-tight and non-conducting partitions; or the box
may be of wood divided into cells by glass or earthenware, or other
impervious and non-conducting plates, secured by marine glue or cement
in grooves formed in the sides and bottom of the box. In each cell I
provide lugs or grooves, between or into which I slide a perforated slab
such as I have described above, thereby dividing each cell into two
compartments, one for each element. As these perforated slabs can
be readily removed and replaced, they, as well as the compartments
which they divide, are readily accessible for cleansing.
-
In employing a perforated slab such as I have described in a cell
containing liquids or solutions of different specific gravities in its two
compartments I prevent commingling of the liquids by applying to one
side of the slab a sheet of paper or porous fabric. When the slab is
taken out and cleansed this sheet can either be washed and replaced, or
a fresh sheet may be supplied.

page_text: to my Invention, with a perforated slab A (of which Fig. 4 is a front
view) for separating the elements.
The slab is steadied in its place in the cell by projections B, B, from
the interior surface of the vessel. Instead of employing these projections
the perforated slab may be made, as shewn by the dotted lines in Fig. 4,
with projecting shoulders C, C, which steady it at the top by entering
notches in the upper edge of the cell vessel, the lower edge of the slab
being steadied by a projection D on the bottom of the vessel.
Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal section, and Fig. 6 a plan of a vessel
containing several cells, in each of which the elements are separated by
perforated slabs A, A, let into grooves in the sides of the vessel, so that
they can be readily withdrawn for cleansing. On the faces of the per-
forated slabs I prefer to apply sheets of paper or porous fabric E, as
above described. Instead of a perforated slab of non-conducting material
a perforated slab of the negative metal or element may be employed,
thus dispensing with a separate negative element.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I claim "the use of removeable
perforated slabs for separating the elements in galvanic cells, substan-
tially in the manner and for the purposes herein set forth.”
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Tyer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
EDWP TYER.. (T.α)