IMPROVEMENTS IN SALTING ANIMAL MATTERS
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
PAYNE, of South Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Thirteenth day of October, in the fourth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles
Payne, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Charles Payne, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Charles Payne, my exors, adñors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SALTING ANIMAL MATTERS;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Charles Payne, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolied in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Payne, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):-
-
My Invention relates to a mode of salting animal matters requiring to be
cured or preserved, and consists of submitting such animal matters to the
action of pressure, or pressure and a vacuum, in a close vessel. It may be
remarked that animal matters are charged with a quantity of air or aeriform
fluid, which is diffused through the mass. Now, it will readily be understood
that if air be driven out or exhausted therefrom, the entry of a liquid will be
facilitated; and this can best be accomplished by producing a vacuum in a
close vessel containing the animal matter, and allowing brine to fill or nearly
fill the said vessel, when by means of pressure the brine will enter the mass,
and fill the cavities previously filled with air, and thus the whole mass will be
impregnated with brine and be salted: The construction of the apparatus for
effecting my Invention is exceedingly simple, being on the principle of the
ordinary air pump used for pneumatic experiments, with the addition of a
force pump for supplying the liquor; the vessel which is to contain the
animal matter being of iron or other metal strong, enough to resist the
pressure, and of a size depending on the quantity of meat it is to contain at
one time. The pieces of meat intended to be salted are to be placed or packed
in the receiver, which, however, is not to be quite filled therewith, and the
pieces are to be prevented from floating in the brine by a false cover having
holes through it. The cover (which is fitted with an air-tight joint, either by
packing or other well-known means), is now to be put on, and screwed or
otherwise fastened down. The exhausting pipe is at or near the top of the
vessel to avoid contact with the brine, which might otherwise get into the
pump. As good a vacuum as practicable is to be obtained in the receiver, and
which may be indicated by a mercurial vacuum guage communicating there-
with. When the vacuum is obtained brine is admitted through a pipe,
furnished with a stopcock, from a tub or other vessel containing the same.
That brine is not allowed to fill the receiver, but only to about one half in the
first instance; and the air pump is again worked, and then the brine is allowed
to flow into the receiver untill the whole of the meat is covered. The air
pump is again worked to remove any air that may still remain in the meat or
in the vessel. The brine may now be allowed to fill the receiver, and a force
pump consisting of a plunger and valves similar to that used in Bramah's
hydraulic pump be worked to pump in brine, until a safety valve loaded to
about one hundred to one hundred and fifty pounds per inch is lifted, indicating
a pressure in the receiver to that amount. This pressure facilitates the pene-
tration of the brine through the meat. The whole apparatus is now to remain

page_text: fifteen minutes to an hour, dependent on the sizes of the pieces of meat in the
receiver. The lid may then be removed, and the meat taken out, the operation
being then completed. I would remark, that by using the apparatus above
described meat may be salted without the use of the vacuum; but I have
found that by the aid of vacuum the process is rendered more certain and
much quicker.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I
am acquainted with for performing the same, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself thereto, as the apparatus may be varied, provided the
general character of my Invention be retained; and as the object of the
process is to obtain salt in animal matters I lay no claim to any particular
means of preparing the liquor used for salting. But what I claim is, the mode
of salting animal matters (preserved or cured by salt), by causing the liquors
used to penetrate into such animal matters by pressure or pressure and vacuum,
when such matters are contained in a suitably closed vessel.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Payne, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-one.
CHAB (Ls.) PAYNE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of April, in the
year of our Lord 1841, the aforesaid Charles Payne came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor
of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of April. in the year of our Lord. One thousa