- DRAUDIMO TAT MIN MED MYMAYRI Ar
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Parkes, of Gravelly Hill, near Bir-
mingham, in the County of Warwick, for the Invention of "IM-"
DRAUDIMO TAT MIN MED
MYMAYRI Arzova "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Parkes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 13th June 1874.
I, ALEXANDER PARKES, of Gravelly Hill, near Birmingham, in the
5 County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN The Manufacture OF METALLIC ALLOYS,” to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of metallic alloys.
In order to produce a silver-like alloy which can be rolled and
worked when red hot, I first prepare a compound of copper and
manganese containing, say 30 per cent. of manganese. This metal

page_text: I remelt, and I add zinc to it until I find on testing a sample that
it will bear hammering and rolling when red hot without crumbling.
From 20 to 35 parts of zinc to 100 parts of the copper manganese
compound will be found to be about the proportion required.
To produce the copper manganese compound I mix the oxides with 5
carbonaceous matter and a little adhesive matter, such as tar, and by
hydraulic or other heavy pressure I mould the mixture into lumps
and then submit it to a cementing process, keeping it heated for
some time, thus reducing the metal without melting it into a mass.
Before alloying the compound of copper and manganese with zinc, 1
as above described, I sometimes add to it from 10 to 20 per cent. of
nickel.
I can produce a silver-like alloy which will work at a red heat
without manganese from an alloy of nickel and copper containing
from ten to twenty per cent. of nickel. I remelt this alloy and add 1
zinc to it until the desired result is attained. Thirty parts of zinc
to one hundred parts of nickel copper will be found to be about the
proper portion.
Where the property of working at a red heat is not required a very
good silver-like alloy may be prepared from the copper manganese 2
compound by alloying it with iron and with zinc in the following
proportions :--

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Parkes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
PARKES, of Gravelly Hill, near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander Parkes, Her special license
that I, the said Alexander Parkes, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander Parkes, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ALLOYS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Alexander Parkes, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Parkes, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of metallic alloys.
In order to produce a silver-like alloy which can be rolled and
worked when red hot, I first prepare a compound of copper and
manganese containing, say 30 per cent. of manganese. This metal.
I remelt, and I add zinc to it until I find, on testing a sample, that

page_text: it will bear hammering and rolling when red hot without crumbling.
From 20 to 35 parts of zinc to 100 parts of the copper manganese
compound will be found to be about the proportion required.
To produce the copper manganese compound I mix the oxides with
carbonaceous matter and a little adhesive matter, such as tar, and by
hydraulic or other heavy pressure I mould the mixture into lumps
and then submit it to a cementing process, keeping it heated for some
time, thus reducing the metal without melting it into a mass.
. Before alloying the compound of copper and manganese with zinc,
as above described, I sometimes add to it from 10 to 20 per cent. of
.nickel.
I can produce a silver-like alloy which will work at a red heat
without manganese from an alloy of nickel and copper containing
from ten to twenty per cent. of nickel. I remelt this alloy and add
zinc to it until the desired result is attained. Thirty parts of zinc
to one hundred parts of nickel copper will be found to be about the
proper proportion.
When the property of working at a red heat is not required a very
good silver-like alloy may be prepared from the copper manganese
compound by alloying it with iron and with zinc.
to
A solder suitable for these alloys is prepared by the addition of silver
copper manganese.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention I will proceed
to describe more fully the manner of performing the same.
.
In the production of the copper manganese compound by the im-
1
T
11
onentiona

page_text: these are to be well incorporated and the matters afterwards compressed
by hydraulic pressure, or other means, and submitted to the cementing
or reducing processes in furnaces, pots, or other vessels.
In carrying out that part of my Invention which relates to the
production of white metals capable of being worked and rolled at a
red heat from the copper manganese compound, it is important that
the purest metals should be used in their preparation, and I find that
the undermentioned alloys are especially suitable for the manufacture
of spoons, forks, wire, tubes, coins, hollow ware, and castings, being
of a fine white color quite equal to the best German silver, and great
economy. is effected by the use of these alloys from the facility of working
and rolling at a red heat. The following alloys amongst others I havo.
found suitable for this purpose:—
The copper manganese compound is first formed as above described,
or as described in the Specifications of former Patents granted to
mc, and the other metals are afterwards added and melted therewith.

page_text: The above are examples of white alloys capable of being worked
and rolled at a red heat. The proportions named may be varied, and
also the degree of heat may be varied so long as the peculiar feature
of this Invention is maintained; namely, the formation of an alloy
containing copper, manganese, and zinc capable of being worked or
rolled at a red heat.
In carrying out that part of my Invention which relates to the pro-
duction of alloys from the copper manganese compound, together with
iron and zinc, I have found that very useful alloys may be formed
by combining the metals in the following proportions, the alloys so
formed being very white and sound when cast and worked into
articles.

page_text: This may be modified by varying the proportions of the metals, and
the fusing point lowered by the addition of zinc thereto, as in the fol-
lowing example,―
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
1. The production of compounds of manganese and copper by mixing
their oxides with carbonaceous matter and adhesive material, and then
moulding the same into blocks with heavy pressure, and submitting it
to a cementing process, as herein described.
2. The production of silver-like alloys capable of being rolled and
worked when red hot from the copper manganese compound, together
with zinc, and it may be other metals in addition, as herein described.
3. The production of silver-like alloys from the copper manganese.
compound, together with iron and zinc, and it may be other metal, as
herein described.
4. The production of an alloy suitable for being used as a solder
from the copper manganese compound and silver, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Parkes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
ALEXANDER PARKES
Tol
ALEXANDER PARKES. (L.S.)