to Floating Bodies.
Year: 1885

page_text: to Floating Bodies.
I AUGUST WINKLER, of 39 Adalbertstrasse, Breslau in the Empire of Germany,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same, is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
'My invention relates to improvements in steering and propelling apparatus
applicable to floating bodies, the object being to employ jets of steam or other
compressed gases which are so arranged, that the direction of the same will form
an acute angle with the nearest part of the floating body.
Such jets placed inclined to the surface of the body, draw away the fluid or air
portions surrounding the surface of the body and form on the latter a vacuum,
which is followed by the surface of the body by means of which, a movement, that
is to say a turning of the latter is effected.
Such jets arranged at an acute angle to the surface of the body, can be applied
for the propulsion and steering of steam ships, as well as balloons, and is not
intended for use under ordinary circumstances, but in exceptional cases, as for
instance, at times of collisions, extra manoeuvres, or if the ordinary propelling or
steering apparatus is out of order, or a momentary assistance of such apparatus,
is desired.
On account of such function of the jets, the economical utilization of steam is
of less importance than the reliability, compactness, and cheapness of its production,
which latter requirements are met by the novel method, employment and arrange-
ment of the jets, of my invention.
And in order that my invention may be better understood I have caused to be
appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference, corre-
sponding letters indicating like parts throughout the various figures.
Figs. I to IV show my invention as applied to sea-going vessels.
Fig. I is a horizontal section of the stern part, and Fig. II is also a horizontal
section of the rudder part of the vessel, under the water line.
Figs. III and IV are side views respectively.
Fig. V shows my invention as applied to a balloon.
W and W are the two sides of the vessel; having on the edge of the stern,
a steam conduit or jet D' arranged, reaching from the deck E, see Fig. III, to
keel F.
.
This steam conduit or jet is below the water line x, y, formed on each side with
a row of perforations d¹, d¹, which are so arranged that the steam issuing from
the jets S and S' will form with the sides of the vessel a moderate angle W.

page_text: Such steam jets remove the water from the sides of the vessel, causing the latter
to follow it, whereby the movements of the ship, created in the direction of the
arrow p, will be assisted and increased.
Such an increase of the speed by means of displacing or removing the resisting
water will be of great advantage to torpedo boats during an attack or retreat. 5
On the rudder end of the boat, see Figs. II and IV, two vertical steam conduits
or jets D2 and DS are arranged, which also reach to the keel, and in the water are
provided with perforations, in such a manner that the issuing steam forms an acute
angle with the side of the boat.
By the use of one of the conduits or jets, the water gets drawn from the sides of
the vessel, and the vessel permitted to follow the same direction. The jets on the
rudder end of the vessel serve principally for steering..
If the steam conduits or jets are made to rotate, and adjustable, the direction of
the jets may be varied and a combined action of the apparatus, renders possible
either steering or propelling, also an action for a forward & backward motion, but
it will be seen that for this purpose also, separate steam jets D1 and D³ with
corresponding perforations may be arranged.
The steam conduits or jets are fitted with taps, or otherwise arranged to cut off
the steam, and provided with back pressure valves; this arrangement of jets on
the ships sides may be repeated at suitable distances from each other, in order to
increase its action or efficiency.
Fig. V represents my invention as applied to a balloon, and for the purpose of
steering. F is the conduit or jet for the steam, which is closed in front, and at
the back brought into connection with a steam or gas producer by means of a
flexible pipe v.
This steam pipe F has a suitable number of perforations d, d, formed in a circle
thereon for the issuing of the compressed gas (steam) in front of which, (when
looking from the car), is arranged vertically to the pipe, a concave umbrella-like
surface u, u, the issuing gases drawing on the umbrella like surface, which forms
an acute angle with the direction of the jets, & causes the car to move in the
direction of the arrow.
The desired direction is obtained by adjusting the umbrella-like surface.
The flow of fluid can be regulated by the tap H, and the apparatus itself is more
reliable and much lighter than a screw or any other mechanism,
The perforations in the jet may also be arranged direct before the balloon, in
which case its concave surface substitutes the umbrella like surface for the purpose
of creating suction. This alteration is indicated in dotted lines.
Having now described and illustrated the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim, is
°
The application and arrangement of jets for propelling, that is to say, steering
vessels or balloons in such a manner that the steam or gas jets will eject the fluid
at an acute angle to the surfaces of the vessel and umbrella or moving surface for
the purpose of drawing away the liquids or air portions situated thereon, substan-
tially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.