IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND FIBRES." OTHER PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Heaton, of the Firm of Joseph Heaton and Co.,
of Bradford, in the County of York, Wool Combers, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND
FIBRES."
OTHER
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Heaton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1881.
JOSEPH HEATON, of the Firm of Joseph Heaton and Co., of Bradford, in the
County of York, Wool Combers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
or square motion
These improvements have special reference to the "Holden"
comb, and the object of the first part of the Invention is to lessen as far as possible
the quantity of "robbins."
"
For this purpose we dispense with the two ordinary nipping or feeding heads
and substitute therefor a gilling head composed of screws and fallers, the fallers
being curved to the same radius as the circle upon which the wool is placed. This
gill head receives its backward and forward movement from an eccentric barrel
placed underneath the gill head.
The screws which traverse the fallers receive their movement from the motion
of the gill head, which in its backward and forward motion describes an elliptical
sweep around a stud or projection fixed to the frame side of the machine, a slotted
bracket working on the said stud being also fixed on a shaft operating a pair of
bevil wheels which give the necessary revolving motion to the screws.
The wool or other fibro requiring to be combed is fed in slivers to the fallers,
which after being drawn through the pins of each faller is carried forward and
placed by the aid of a brush upon the travelling circle, one tuft after another, in
such manner that the knots or noil end of the wool is placed beyond or at the
other side of the pins of the circle, so that when the wool is drawn off the noil
remains at the back of the teeth to be drawn off by its own drawing off apparatus.
rn.
37

page_text: By this arrangement of apparatus the wool is combed by the fallers of the gill-head
previous to being placed on the circle and the quantity of "robbins" is considerably
reduced,
Secondly. The Invention relates to apparatus for taking the long wool from the
noil, technically called a "backing motion," and the improvements consist in the
employment of a roller provided upon its periphery with rows of pins. This roller
is placed beyond the pins or within the circle, and as the said roller revolves it
removes the long fibres from the noil and delivers them to a revolving brush, which
carries the said fibres forward and places them into a receptacle provided to receivo
them; The roller and brush receive their motion from the circle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Heaton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th February
1882.
JOSEPH HEATON, of the Firm of Joseph Heaton and Co., of Bradford, in the
County of York, Wool Combers. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
These improvements have special reference to the "Holden" or square motion
comb, and the object of the Invention is to lessen as far as possible the quantity
of "robbins." For this purpose I dispense with the two ordinary nipping or
feeding heads and substitute therefor a gilling head composed of screws and fallers,
the fallers being curved to the same radius as the circle upon which the wool is
placed. This gill-head receives its backward and forward movement from an
eccentric barrel placed underneath the gill head. The screws which traverse the
fallers receive their movement from the motion of the gill-head, which in its
backward and forward motion describes an eliptical sweep around a stud or
projection fixed to the frame side of the machine, a slotted bracket working on the
said stud being also fixed on a shaft operating a pair of bevil wheels which give
the necessary revolving motion to the screws. The wool or other fibre requiring
to be combed is fed in slivers to the fallers, which after being drawn through the
pins of each faller is carried forward and placed upon the travelling circle, one
tuft after another, in such manner that the knots or noil end of the wool is placed
beyond or at the other side of the pins of the circle, so that when tho wool is
drawn off the noil remains at the back of the teeth to be drawn off by its own
drawing off apparatus.
In order that my Invention may be more fully understood I herein give reference
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is cross section of so much
of a combing machine as is necessary to illustrate my improvements, and Fig. 2 is
plan of same. A is the driving shaft, and B an eccentric barrel keyed thereon.
This eccentric is attached to and at each revolution thereof moves the framing C
towards the combing circle D for purposes hereinafter explained. This frame C
carries screws E and curved fallers G, and comprises what is known as a
"gill-head." It will be seen that the position of the gill-head is constantly
changing, the motion it receives from the eccentric being somewhat peculiar, and
in order to give a constantly revolving motion to the shaft H, and from thence to
the screws E, I place a slotted arm or bracket I on the shaft H, a pin or stud J
passing through the slot, so that at each revolution of the driving shaft A. the arm
or bracket I is caused to revolve around the stud J and so give to the shaft Ḥ a
continuously revolving motion, whereby the fallers are always in operation,
conveying the fibres to the combs D as it is fed by the fluted rollers K out of the
cans L. A dabbing brush M is employed for pressing the wool into the teeth of
the fallers previous to the wool being placed onto the combing circle. The dabbing
brush is connected to two arms N fastened on the shaft P, which is actuated at the
proper time by means of the tappit R fixed on the driving shaft, pushing the
lever S outward and bringing down the brush; the spring Tacts in the opposite
direction and raises the brush.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Wool or other fibre is fed to the
fallers by fluted rollers K. and carried forward by the fallers, so that at each forward
motion of the gill head and eccentric a tuft of wool is left on the combing circle D,
the overhanging fringe being combed by the pins in the fallers as the gill-head
recedes from the circle, the "robbins " belonging to such fringe being left in the

page_text: pins of the fallers, but at the next forward motion of the gill head another tuft is
left on the circle with the noil end placed beyond or at the other side of the pins,
the overhanging fringe being combed in like manner by the receding of the
gill-head, and so on one after another. After the tufts of fibre are placed on the
circle and combed, as explained, the circle travels forward to the ordinary drawing &
off apparatus, where it is drawn off, the noil also being carried forward to be drawn
off by its own apparatus; W is a blow pipe which severs the sliver as the gill-head
is receding.
In order to counterbalance the weight of the gill-head, so that the machine will
run steadily, the driving pulley X is weighted on one side, the weight being placed
within the rim of the pulley.
By this arrangement of apparatus the wool is combed by the fallers of the
gill-head and the quantity of "robbins" is considerably reduced.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
shewn how the same may be carried into practical effect, I would have it
understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein shewn and
described, as the same may be varied without departing from the main feature of
the Invention, but what I do claim is,―
Firstly. The application to a "Holden" or square motion comb of what is
technically termed a "gill-head," having curved fallers, operated in the manner
and for the purpose substantially as herein shewn and described.
Secondly. The mechanism for operating the screws, substantially as herein shewn
and described, or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said. Joseph Heaton, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within named Joseph Heaton, in
the presence of
A. B. CROSSLEY,
Tasker & Crossley,
Patent Agents,
Halifax.
JOSEPH HEATON. (L.S.)