Improvements in Brazeless Joints for the Tubular Junctions of the Frames and other Parts of Velocipedes and Motor or like Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 8th July, 1898-Accepted, 17th Sept., 1898
Improvements in Brazeless Joints for the Tubular Junctions of the
Frames and other Parts of Velocipedes and Motor or like Vehicles.
I, JOHN VERNON PUGH, of Cumnor Cottage, Leek Wootton, near Kenilworth,
in the County of Warwick, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in brazeless
joints for the tubular junctions of the frames and other parts of velocipedes and
motor or like vehicles, whereby the fixing of the tubes to the lugs of the junction
pieces of the said frames and other parts is very readily and efficiently effected:
and the parts when desired, for repair or other purpose, may be detached and
refixed without the employment of skilled labour.
In carrying my invention into effect I proceed as follows. Where the tube
of the velocipede frame or the like takes into the lug of the junction piece I
make in the lug and in the tube one, two or more holes coinciding with one
another and I slit the end of the tube in the direction of its length the slit passing
through the hole or holes and extending to near the part which is external to
the lug. I insert in the end of the tube a short slit tubular piece or liner the
said slit in the liner passing through a small screw threaded hole which when
the liner and tube are in place in the lug coincides with the larger holes in the
lug and slit end of the tube. Short taper screw pins are inserted in the tapped
hole or holes in the liner by the screwing home of which pins the liner is expanded
and made to bind the tube in the lug with such tightness as to prevent the possi-
bility of accidental separation of the parts.
Where the tube of the velocipede frame or the like takes on the lug I slit the
lug and make a small tapped or screw threaded hole in the slit side of the lug
and I combine with the end of the tube which in this case is unslit a collar or
strengthening sleeve, the sleeve and side of the tube having holes, somewhat
larger than the tapped hole in the lug, through which holes the short taper screw
pin may be passed into the tapped hole in the lug for expanding the same.
Where the tube of the velocipede frame is of a gauge sufficient to prevent
enlargement of the end of the tube on the expansion of the lug a strengthening
collar or sleeve may be dispensed with.
Where the tube takes on the lug the lug may be made longer than usual for
the purpose of giving strength to the end of the tube taper screw pins being
passed through holes in the tube into tapped holes near the two ends of the lug.
Where sheet metal lugs in two halves are employed I use short taper screw
pins at one side only the said screws taking in tapped holes in the meeting edges
at one side of the lug and by the separation of the said meeting edges forcing
the opposite meeting edges into such close contact as to effect the enlargement
of the diameter of the lug.
Dated this Eleventh day of November 1897

page_text: Improvements in Brazeless Joints for the Tubular Junctions of the
Frames and other Parts of Velocipedes and Motor or like Vehicles.
I, JOHN VERNON PUGH, of Cumnor Cottage, Leek Wootton, near Kenilworth,
in the County of Warwick, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in brazeless
joints for the tubular junctions of the frames and other parts of velocipedes and
motor or like vehicles, whereby the fixing of the tubes to the lugs of the junction
pieces of the said frames and other parts is very readily and efficiently effected;
and the parts when desired, for repair or other purpose, may be detached and
re-fixed without the employment of skilled labour.
In carrying my invention into effect I proceed as follows. Where the tube
of the velocipede frame or the like takes into the lug of the junction piece I
make in the lug and in the tube one, two or more holes coinciding with one
another and I slit the end of the tube in the direction of its length the slit passing
through the hole or holes and extending to near the part which is external to
the lug. I insert in the end of the tube a short slit tubular piece or liner the
said slit in the liner passing through a small screw threaded hole which when
the liner and tube are in place in the lug coincides with the larger holes in the
lug and slit end of the tube. Short taper screw pins are inserted in the tapped
hole or holes in the liner by the screwing home of which pins the liner is expanded
and made to bind the tube in the lug with such tightness as to prevent the possi-
bility of accidental separation of the parts.
Where the tube of the velocipede frame or the like takes on the lug I slit the
lug and make a small tapped or screw threaded hole in the slit side of the lug
and I combine with the end of the tube which in this case is unslit a collar or
strengthening sleeve, the sleeve and side of the tube having holes, somewhat
larger than the tapped hole in the lug, through which holes the short taper screw
pin may be passed into the tapped hole in the lug for expanding the same.
Where the tube of the velocipede frame is of a gauge sufficient to prevent
enlargement of the end of the tube on the expansion of the lug a strengthening
collar or sleeve may be dispensed with.
Where the tube takes on the lug the lug may be made longer than usual for
the purpose of giving strength to the end of the tube, taper screw pins being
passed through holes in the tube into tapped holes near the two ends of the lug.
Where sheet metal lugs in two halves are employed I use short taper screw
pins at one side only the said screws taking in tapped holes in the meeting edges
at one side of the lug and by the separation of the said meeting edges forcing
the opposite meeting edges into such close contact as to effect the enlargement
of the diameter of the lug.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents in vertical section a portion
of the front tube and top lug of a safety bicycle frame showing the connection
of the top horizontal tube in the said top lug by the use of a brazeless joint con-
structed according to my invention.
Figure 2 represents in plan the said tube and top lug before the tube is passed
into the lug.
Figure 3 is a cross section of the same.
Figure 4 represents in vertical longitudinal section a similar arrangement in-
which two expanding screw pins in line are employed.

page_text: Figure 5 represents in cross section an arrangement in which three radial
expanding screw pins in the same vertical plane are employed.
Figure 6 represents a modification of my invention in which the tubular part
of the lug takes in the tube to be connected to the lug.
Figure 7 is a cross section illustrating the application of my invention to an
arrangement in which sheet metal lugs are employed; and
Figures 8, 9 and 10 represent a modification in which the tube is screwed into
the lug and is retained therein by the expanding screw pins.
In the several figures of the drawing, a is the lug and a the tubular part of
same to which the top horizontal tube b is to be attached.
In the arrangement Figures 1, 2 and 3, the tubular part a² of the lug a has a
hole a¹ and the tube b and its liner c, where a strengthening liner is employed in
the end of the tube, have a taper screwed hole and a longitudinal slit (best seen
in Figure 2) the slit extending through the said taper screwed hole, which latter
when the tube b is inserted in the tubular part a² of the lug is made to coincide
with the somewhat larger plain hole a¹ in the lug. Through the hole at a short
taper screw pin d is passed and screwed into the taper screwed hole in the tube b
and its liner c, by the action of which taper screw pin d the slit in the tube and its
liner is opened, thereby causing the expansion of the tube b in the tubular part aª
of the lug a and the firm attachment of the parts together.
The essential features of the invention are its simplicity and the facility with
which the connection of the tube and lug can be effected the short taper screw
pin being readily introduced and screwed home by the thumb and finger when
by a further turn or two by the aid of a key or spanner the parts are secured
together.
Where thought necessary or desirable two or more short taper screw pins d, d
in line may be employed.
In Figure 4 I have represented an arrangement in which two taper screw
pins d, d are employed.
Or two or more longitudinal slits may be made in the tube and its liner, short
taper screw pins being employed for opening each slit.
In Figure 5 I have represented an arrangement in which three equi-distant
slits are made in the tube and its liner c, the said slits passing through equi-
distant screwed holes in the said tube and its liner. The tubular part a² of the
lug has three equi-distant plain holes of a somewhat larger diameter than the
screwed holes in the tube b and liner c. On the introduction of the tube b into
the part 2 of the lug a the screwed holes in the one are made to coincide with the
somewhat larger plain holes in the other. The short taper screw pins d, d, d are
inserted in the screwed holes of the tube and screwed home with such, force as to
effect the expansion of the slit end of the tube and the consequent firm attach-
ment of the parts together.
Where the frame tube 6 takes on the tubular part a² of the lug a as in Figure 6
the lug has the taper screwed hole and slit, the tube b having the larger plain
hole and being unslit. By the screwing home of the short taper screw pin d the
longitudinally slit tubular part a² of the lug a is expanded within the tube b.
As the tubing commonly employed in the construction of cycle frames is so
thin that there would be danger of the slitting of the tube on the expansion of the
slit tubular part 2 of the lug therein, I prefer as illustrated in Figure 6, to pro-
vide the thin tube b with a strengthening collar or sleeve c which supports the
tube against the action of the expanded slit lug a².
Where sheet metal lugs are employed as in Figure 7 I pass the tube on to
the outside of the tubular part 2 of the sheet metal lug the bottom meeting
edges of the two semi-tubular halves of the part 2 of the sheet metal lug abut-
ting against each other. The top meeting edges have in them the screwed hole
into which the short taper screw pin d is inserted for separating the said top
meeting edges and thereby expanding the tubular part a² of the sheet metal lug
within the frame tube b.

page_text: For greater security the frame tube may be screwed on or in the lug and be
further secured by the arrangement herein before described.
This modification of my invention is illustrated in section in Figure 8 and the
parts detached in Figures 9 and 10.
I make by a rolling operation on the thin' frame tube a screw thread and I
make in the tubular part a² of the lug and on the liner e corresponding screw
threads. The liner c is introduced into the tube b, and the radial taper screwed
hole and afterwards the slit passing through the same are made in the tube and
liner. The lined tube b is screwed into the luga² to the required distance when
the parts are further secured by the expansion of the tube b in the lug a² by the
short taper screw pin d in the manner herein before described with respect to
plain tubes and lugs.
The application of my invention to the joints of velocipede frames other than
the top lug joint differs in no essential respect from its application to the said top
lug joint as herein before described and illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention of "Improvements in brazeless joints for the tubular junctions of the
frames and other parts of velocipedes and motor or like vehicles" :-
First; A brazeless joint for the frames of cycles consisting esentially of two
tubes one engaging with the other, the outer tube having a plain hole or holes
and the inner tube having a. taper screwed hole or holes coincident with and
smaller than the holes in the outer tube, the inner tube also having a longitudinal
slit or slits passing through its taper screwed hole or holes and the combination
therewith of a short taper screw pin or screw pins arranged and acting sub-
stantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Secondly; A brazeless joint for the frames of cycles consisting essentially of
two tubes capable of engagement by the screwing of one into the other the outer
tube having a plain hole or holes and the inner tube having a taper screwed hole
or holes coincident with and smaller than the holes in the outer tube the inner
tube also having a longitudinal slit or slits passing through its taper screwed hole
or holes and the combination therewith of a short taper screw pin or screw pins
arranged and acting substantially as set forth and shown in the accompanying
drawing.