Improvements in the Manufacture of Flattened and Headed Teeth for Rag and other Waste Tearing Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st June, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Flattened and Headed Teeth
for Rag and other Waste Tearing Machines.
I, THOMAS WALTER HARDING of Tower Works, Globe Road, Leeds in the
County of York, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists in a machine for the manufacture of the flat teeth described
in my Specification No. 2252 A.D. 1882 when it is proposed to produce them
from round wires having ground tapering points. The mode of operation is as
follows: :-
The wires are fed between cutters and the points cut off and conveyed by a
series of shelves or escapements to the face of a fixed die against which they are
squeezed and flattened by means of a moveable die actuated by a cam.
The point is held in position by a carrier lever which recedes as the dies close.
While held between the dies the head is formed upon the part of the tooth
projecting beyond the dies by means of a heading die actuated by a cam and lever.
The moveable flattening die and the heading die are then drawn away and the
tooth released. A pusher actuated by a cam and lever then comes into operation
and loosening the finished tooth from the face of the fixed die enables it to fall
into a hopper which conducts it to a suitable receptacle. In this way it will be
evident that after the wires are fed into the machine by the attendant or by means
of a feed wheel, the operations of cutting off, flattening and heading are automatically
performed in one machine.
Dated this 18th day of December 1891.
T. WALTER HARDING.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Flattened and Headed Teeth
for Rag and other Waste Tearing Machines.
I THOMAS WALTER HARDING of the Tower Works, Globe Road, Leeds in
the County of York, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in a machine for the manufacture of Hat teeth described
in my Specification No. 2252 A.D. 1882, when it is proposed to produce them
from round wires having ground tapering points. The mode of operation is as
follows:-
The wires are fed between cutters and the points cut off and conveyed by a series
of shelves or escapements to the face of a fixed die against which they are squeezed
and flattened by means of a moveable die actuated by a cam.
The point is held in position by a carrier lever which recedes as the dies close.
While held between the dies the head is formed upon the part of the tooth projecting
beyond the dies by means of a heading die actuated by a cam and lever. The
moveable flattening die and the heading die are then drawn away and the tooth
released. A pusher actuated by a cam and lever then comes into operation and
loosening the finished tooth from the face of the die enables it to fall into a hopper
which conducts it to a suitable receptacle. In this way it will be evident that
after the wires are fed into the machine by the attendant or by means of a feed
wheel the operations of cutting off, flattening and heading are automatically
performed in one machine.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a side view Fig. 2 is a plan view and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central
section of my machine.
Fig. 4 shows to a larger scale the cutting off, feeding and flattening appliances
the same parts being indicated by tlie saine letters in allthe views.
A is a driving pulley by which the motive power is transmitted to a driving
shaft Bhaving attached to it a flywheel C. The driving shaft B is connected to
a cam shaft D by a pinion E and a spur wheel F. An eccentric G is connected
to the cam shaft D and imparts a reciprocating motion to a slide 'H' to which is
attached a cutter J and a flattening die K. Jis a corresponding cutter and Ki a
corresponding die attached to the fixed part of the machine. L is a cam attached
to the cam shaft. D and imparts a reciprocating action to a heading lever M
which actuates the heading die N. O is a pusher, P is an escapement; Qis
a carrier lever, R is the body and S S are the standards of the machine.
With reference to the escapement P shown particularly at Fig. 4, p is a pivoted
joint on which two escapement arms p³ ³ are swung. is a tappit also swung
from the pivot pl. is a connecting rod attached to the slide H by means of a
bracket p (see Fig. 3) and to the tappit pt. On each forward stroke of the
slide H the tappit p is carried forward by means of the connecting rod p and
engages with the escapement arm p³ and swings it forward taking with it two
shelves p p which are attached to the arm. On the backward stroke of the
slide H three shelves are drawn back in like manner i.e. by the tappit p
engaging with the escapement arm. pis a steadying spring and a
steadying block. 14 is the framework of the escapement through which the
shelves p' p, p, po, p" slide. The escapement arms p³ are brought back
to a vertical position by means of a tension spring p18.
The action of my machine is as follows :--
.10
The wires are fed in by the attendant, one at a time, between the cutters. J³,
the cam G comes into action and propelling the slide H forward the point is
nipped between the steadying spring and the block p and held in position
till the cutter is brought up against the cutter J and the point of the wire is
cut off and falls upon the first shelf p. of the escapement.
The slide H then
recedes taking with it the tappit which engages with the escapement arm p²
and the shelf is drawn away allowing the pointed wire to drop upon the
second shelf p². In like manner i.e. by the action of the tappit p* on the forward
stroke of the slide H the second shelf is drawn away and the pointed wire drops
upon the third shelf p while at the same time the point of the next wire is cut
off between the cutters, so that with each stroke of the slide H the pointed wires
are dropped oue shelf at a time until they drop in between the flattening dies K K¹
and are caught in the angle between the fixed die K' and the face of the carrier
lever Q. As the die K approaches the carrier lever Qrecedes, slowly at first
and then rapidly as the tappit g engages with the projection 7 (see Fig. 3) and
the dies K Knipping the pointed wire at the same time it is flattened and held.
While thus held the heading lever M is actuated by the cam L and the heading
die N is brought up against the end of the pointed wire projecting beyond the
flattening dies K K thus forming the head of the tooth. The flattening dies K-K
and the heading.die then recede and at the same time the pusher O approaches
and loosens the finished tooth from the face of the flattening die K. The pusher O
is actuated by means of the eccentric 0 (see Fig. 2) which causes the connecting
rod 02 to travel forward in the slide 03 and engage with the lever; O which
causes the pusher O to travel forward the small distance required to loosen the
tooth from the die. The tooth then drops along the incline formed by the edge
of the carrier lever Q into a suitable receptacle beneath the machine.
From the foregoing description it will be evident that my machine combines
the automatic operations of cutting off the point of a wire, flattening the point.or
tooth to any required extent and forming a head upon the flattened tooth in one
machine. It will also be readily seen that my machine possesses several important
advantages and that the various operations can be performed much quicker and

page_text: cheaper than in separate machines; also, that by means of the escapement the point
or tooth is kept always horizontal so that the head of the tooth is always formed
at an exact right angle to its longitudinal plane.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In the manufacture of teeth for rag and other waste tearing machines, the
combination and arrangement of the processes of cutting off, flattening and
heading performed automatically in one machine having its various parts constructed
and combined substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings Figs. 1 to 4.
2. An improved method of conveying pointed wires or teeth by means of the
escapement P with retaining shelves substantially as described and shewn in
Fig. 4.
3. The arrangement of the carrier lever Q by which the pointed wires or
teeth are held against the face of the fixed die until the moveable die has
approached sufficiently near to hold them substantially as described and shewn in
Fig. 3.
4. The arrangement of the pusher O for the purpose of loosening the flattened
tooth from the face of the die substantially as described and shewn in Fig. 2.
5. The arrangement of steadying block pls and spring for the purpose of
holding the pointed wires during the cutting off process substantially as described
and shewn in Fig. 4.
Dated this 20th day of Luna 1205
T. WALTER HARDING.