Improvements in the Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
1, EUGEN ESSERS of No. 3 Alexanderplatz, Crefeld, Germany, Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to the manufacture of a double pile fabric in such manner that
for securing the pile to the warp by means of the shoot, only a single binding is
required in each repeat of each fabric, whereas in such manufactures heretofore the
weaving is so arranged as to bind the pile twice in each repeat.
The attainment of this object depends upon the motion of the pilo warp in the
system of weaving with four shoots.
While on the one hand with the present mode of manufacture two shoots out of the
four bind the pile warp with the ground warp of each fabric, as indicated diagram-
matically at Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawing, according to my invention on the
other hand only one shoot out of the four effects the binding of the pile warp in each
fabric, as indicated at Fig. 5.
By this means a less amount of pile warp is used for the binding than heretofore,
the part from the point a to the point b Fig. 4 being saved, and this important saving
constitutes the essential feature of my invention.
This saving amounts to about the same length as that of the single fabrics, so that
with a length of say 40 yards of fabric there is a saving of about 40 yards of pile
warp.
The double fabric can be produced either with a single shuttle thread for both warps,
or with a single shuttle thread for each warp.
As in the present mode of four-shoot weaving, the whole of the pile warp is not
bound with the ground warp by one shoot of each set of four shoots ("repeat") but
only half thereof, for instance, with the first shoot and the other half with the third shoot.
Thus, while 1 and 3 work with the one half (pile No. 1) and shoots 3 and 4 with the
other half (pile No. 11) only shoots 1 and 3 serve for binding the pile warp with the
ground warp, the shoots 2 and 4 being merely woven in with the ground warp without
binding the pile warp.

page_text: The fabric is produced by the repetition of these operations, that is to say by
repeats" each of which consists as follows:-
a Binding shoot for one half of the pile warp (Pile I).
Shoot in ground warp, without binding pile warp.
e, Binding shoot for the second half of the pile warp (Pile II).
d, Shoot in ground warp, without binding pilo warp.
The working of the pile warp for carrying out this mode of weaving is shewn at
Fig. 1 of the drawing, both for looms with a single shuttle for both ground warps (at
the left hand side) and for looms with a shuttle for each ground warp (at the right
hand side).
With the looms having a single shuttle, it is necessary as is well known, that shoots
must be alternately thrown in the upper and the lower ground warps. In the present
case it has been assumed that two consecutive shoots are thrown first in the upper
ground warp and then in the lower ground warp, the first shoot of each being the
binding shoot for the pile warp. When weaving with two shuttles it is the most
obvious to bind one half of the pile warp in the upper ground warp at the same time
that the other half of the pile warp is bound in the lower ground warp this being the
arrangement assumed in Fig. 1.
The arrangement of the harness and the sequence of the shoots for attaining the
above object is however immaterial.
Fig. 2 shews a side view of the fabric from which it is seen that the pile warp binds half
in two shoots or the whole divided in four shoots in each fabric. Fig. 3 shews the
fabric with 2 repeats.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The manufacture of pile fabrics in which the pile warp is bound once in each repeat
in the upper and lower ground warp of a double pile fabric, one half of the pile
warp to two shoots, or the whole pile divided to four shoots, substantially as herein
described.
Dated this 13th day of March 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.