Improvements in Hydraulic Apparatus for Controlling or Effecting the Closure of Bulk-head and other Doors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Hydraulic Apparatus for Controlling or Effecting
the Closure of Bulk-head and other Doors.
I, MACARIUS PAIDASSY, of Vendenskaya 22, St. Petersburg, in the Empire of
Russia, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
My invention has for its object improved means for controlling or effecting
the shutting of doors, especially in watertight bulkheads or partitions in ships
or vessels, by the aid of hydraulic pressure from boilers or any other source of
pressure.
According to one arrangement I fix to the watertight bulkhead two vertical
hydraulic cylinders, one at each side of the doorway. The upper ends of these
cylinders are open and the lower ends are in communication with the main water
pressure pipe leading from the waterspace of the boiler or from any other source
of hydraulic pressure. The cylinders are provided with pistons and piston-rods
whereof the upper ends are jointed to arms fixed to the sliding door which is
opened by hydraulic pressure and is held open so long as the hydraulic pressure
is maintained beneath the pistons. To economize the water from the boiler
the main pipe is also in communication with the Kingston valve of the ship,
whereby to enable said pipe to be filled up with outside water and then after
shutting a stop valve to apply the boiler pressure by opening another valve con-
trolling the connection with the boiler. The main pipe is also provided with a
double non-return valve which opens towards the door to be controlled and pre-
vents the back flow of the water. Near the hydraulic cylinders there are three-
way discharge cocks in connection with the main pipe and serving for emptying
the cylinders when it is desired to shut the door. The shutting of the door is
effected by its own weight and the door descends very smoothly at a speed corre-
sponding to that of the emptying of the cylinders under the control of the dis-
charge cocks which can be operated from any point of the ship.
In applying the invention to a hinged door, a hydraulic cylinder is mounted
to oscillate in brackets fixed to the watertight partition and communicates by its
hollow trunnions with the main pipe. The piston rod of this cylinder is jointed
to an arm fixed to the door at the hinge side of the latter and suitably stayed for
the purpose of closing the door. Three other hydraulic cylinders are mounted
on the door and their rear ends are in communication by branch pipes and a
flexible pipe common to all, with a branch connected with the door closing cylinder
at a point towards the front end of said cylinder such that communication will
be opened between the branch and the source of pressure only after the door
closing piston has completed its stroke. The piston rods of these cylinders pro-
ject towards the top, bottom, and edge of the door and pass through guides and
have wedge-shaped ends acting as bolts which by entering staples fixed on the
partition lock the door. Between the pistons and the covers of the said locking

page_text: cylinders spiral springs are confined whereby the piston rods and bolts are held
retracted until the pistons are exposed to pressure or after they are relieved of
the pressure of the water. The hydraulic pressure being applied, the piston in
the door closing cylinder is forced outwards by which movement the door is
closed. On completing its stroke the door closing piston opens communication
by the branch on its cylinder between the main pipe and the flexible hose and
consequently with the door locking cylinders of which the pistons are forced out-
wards, thus forcing the bolts into the staples and locking the door.
It is obvious that the number of door locking cylinders may be varied at will
and that the details of construction may be modified without departing from the
nature of the invention. It is also to be understood that the above described
devices can be applied not only on ships but also to every kind of doors or
shutters.
Doted this 5th of A 1900
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.
Improvements in Hydraulic Apparatus for Controlling or Effecting
the Closure of Bulkhead and other Doors.
I, MACARIUS PAIDASSY, of Vendenskaya 22, St. Petersburg, in the Empire of
Russia, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
My invention has for its object improved means for controlling or effecting
the shutting of doors especially in watertight bulkheads or partitions in ships
or vessels by the aid of hydraulic pressure from boilers or any other source of
pressure.
In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 represents a sliding bulkhead door pro-
vided with my hydraulic closing device (one of the hydraulic cylinders being
shewn in section). Figure 2 represents a boiler as a source of pressure with
valves and pipes leading to the hydraulic cylinders (Figure 1); Figure 3 is a
plan view partly in section of the device represented on Figure 1; Figure 4
represents a modification of the hydraulic device as applied for closing a hinged
door Figure 5 is a horizontal section of same.
In the arrangement represented on Figures 1, 2 and 3, I fix to the watertight
bulkhead on both sides of the sliding door H two vertical hydraulic cylinders F
and F one at each side of the doorway. The upper ends of these cylinders are
open and the lower ends are in communication with the main water pressure
pipe M leading from the waterspace of the boiler or from any other source of
hydraulic pressure. The cylinders F, Fare provided with pistons and piston
rods whereof the upper ends are jointed to arms E, E¹ fixed to the sliding door H
which is opened by hydraulic pressure and is held open so long as the hydraulic
pressure is maintained beneath the pistons. To economise the water from the boiler,
the main pipe M is also in communication with the Kingston valve G of the ship
whereby to enable said pipe to be filled up with outside water and then, after
shutting a stop valve N, to apply the boiler pressure by opening another valve A
controlling the connection with the boiler. The main pipe M is also provided
with a double non-return valve B which opens towards the door to be controlled
and prevents the back flow of the water.
Near the hydraulic cylinders F, F¹ there are three way discharge cocks D, DI

page_text: in connection with the main pipe M and serving for emptying the cylinders F, Fi
when it is desired to shut the door. The shutting of the door H is effected by its
own weight and the door descends very smoothly at a speed corresponding to that
of the emptying of the cylinders F, F under the control of the discharge
cocks D, which can be operated from any point of the ship.
In the modification represented on Figures 4 and 5 which show the invention
as applied to a hinged door, there is but one hydraulic cylinder A mounted to
oscillate in brackets fixed to the watertight bulkhead P and communicating by
its hollow trunnions a¹ with the main pipe (not shewn). The piston rod of
this cylinder is jointed to an arm N¹ fixed to the door H at the hinge side of the
latter and suitably stayed, for the purpose of closing the door. Three other
hydraulic cylinders B B and B are mounted on the door H, and their rear
ends are in communication by branch pipes e¹, e², e³ and a flexible pipe De
common to all with a branch pipe C connected with the door-closing cylinder A¹
at a point towards the front end of said cylinder such that communication will
be opened between the branch pipes el, e, and the source of pressure only
after the door-closing piston has completed its stroke.
The piston rods of the cylinders B1, B2 and B3 project towards the top, bottom
and edge of the door and pass through guides m and have wedge-shaped ends k
acting as bolts which by entering staples S fixed on the partition P lock the
door. Between the pistons and the covers of the said locking cylinders B1 B2 B3
spiral springs f are confined whereby the piston rods and bolts are held re-
tracted until the pistons are exposed to pressure or after they are relieved of
the pressure of the water.
The hydraulic pressure being applied, the piston a in the door closing cylinder
A¹ is forced outwards by which movement the door is closed. On completing its
stroke, (as represented on Figure 5) the door-closing piston a opens communi-
cation by the branch pipe C3 between the main pipe and the flexible hose D²,
and consequently with the door-locking cylinders B B2 B3 of which the pistons
are forced outwards thus forcing the bolts into the staples S and locking
the door.
It is obvious that the number of door locking cylinders B1 132 133 may be varied
at will, and that the details of construction may be modified without departing
from the nature of the invention. It is also to be understood that the above
described devices can be applied not only on ships, but also to every kind of
doors or shutters.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. An hydraulic apparatus for controlling the closing of vertically sliding doors
and consisting of fixed cylinder or cylinders with pistons and piston rods the ends
of which act on the door or shutter when the hydraulic pressure is applied, sub-
stantially as described.
2. In an hydraulic apparatus for controlling the closing of vertically sliding
doors, a combination of fixed cylinder or cylinders with a main pipe provided
with cocks for emptying said cylinders, and with valves for preventing the back
flow of the water, and communicating by means of a valve or cock with a boiler
or other source of hydraulic pressure, substantially as described.
3. In a hydraulic apparatus for controlling the closing of vertically sliding
doors, a combination of a main pipe communicating with a boiler or other source
of hydraulic pressure, with a Kingston or other valve whereby to enable the main
pipe to be filled with water from another source than the boiler, substantially
as described and shewn.
4. In an hydraulic apparatus for closing doors a combination of an oscillating
hydraulic cylinder mounted on a fixed support and having its piston so connected

page_text: with the door as to cause the latter to be closed when pressure is admitted to the
cylinder, with a number of hydraulic cylinders mounted on the door and com-
municating by flexible connections with the oscillating cylinder under the con
trol of its piston, the piston rods of the said cylinders being provided with locking
bolts, substantially as. described and for the purpose set forth.
5. In an hydraulic apparatus for closing doors, locking hydraulic cylinders
mounted on the door and having locking bolts on or in connection with their
piston rods of springs for holding the pistons, and bolts retracted until the
pistons are exposed to, or after they have been relieved from hydraulic pressure,
substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 5th day of January 1900.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.