IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in
the County of Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of
Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SEWING MACHINES."-A communication from abroad by David Wood
Green Humphrey, of Chelsea, in the County of Suffolk, in the State of
Massachusetts, United States of America.
Sealed the 24th February 1863, and dated the 14th October 1862.
..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left, by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
14th October 1862.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," a communication from abroad by David
Wood Green Humphrey, of Chelsea, in the County of Suffolk, in the State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of sewing
machine suitable for button-hole, or edge finishing or stitching. In this
machine the vertical needle bar carrier has a lateral motion imparted to it
by a cam for the purpose of causing the vertical needle to pass alternately
through and over the edge of the material operated upon. The up-and-down
motion of the needle bar is obtained from a crank pin in a disc on the front end

page_text: of a driving shaft, working in a slotted piece attached to the needle bar; the
cam shaft is placed vertically, and receives its motion from the driving shaft
by means of a bevel wheel and pinion, it making one revolution for two of
the main shaft. A loop carrier operates beneath the table, being connected
by a bar with a suitable cam on the vertical cam shaft. It is provided with
two points, which work alternately, and enter the loops of the needle thread
from opposite directions. This loop carrier is held in its place by a cap, over
which it slides, a lateral motion being also imparted to it by means of a bent
slot working along a fixed pin. The looper which carries the lower or binding
thread is fitted to a bar which also receives its motion from a cam on the vertical
cam shaft. Another bar also worked by a cam carries a hook for spreading
the loop of the binding thread, and operates a loop check. The bars of the
looper or lower needle, and of the book, are connected to a cap by jointed
links, which impart a curved motion to the looper and hook. The vertical
needle carries a loop of the finishing or upper thread through the edge of the
cloth, which loop is then entered by one of the two points of the loop carrier,
and drawn to one side, the loop carrier moving forward and laterally far
enough to receive the needle as it descends over the edge of the cloth, and
through the retained loop on the point of .the loop carrier, the loop check
holding the loop in such a position as to ensure the passage of the vertical
needle through it. The loop check and the loop carrier now retreat, leaving
the loop which was carried through the cloth over the needle, and free to be
drawn up at its next descent. The vertical needle then continues its descent
over the edge of the cloth, forming another loop, which is entered by the oppo-
site or second point of the loop carrier. The looper then passes a loop of the
binding or under thread through the over edge loop, when the point of the
carrier and the vertical needle retreat, leaving a loop of the finishing thread
over the looper. The hook above referred to now seizes the loop of the
binding thread, and holds it open until the vertical needle carries another
loop through the cloth and enters this loop of the binding thread, whereupon
the looper. withdraws from the over edge loop, and at the same time the hook
releases its hold upon the binding thread, leaving its loop round the vertical
needle near its point, the further descent of this needle drawing up the over
edge loop. As the vertical needle rises again, it forms another loop, which is
entered by one of the points of the loop carrier, as before described, and thus
the stitch is completed. The feed may operate when the vertical needle is
up, either after each time it has carried its loop through the cloth, or after it
bas carried its loop over the edge. The feed motion is obtained from a cam
on the vertical shaft, actuating a horizontal feed lever, having a sliding piece

page_text: or pall hinged to one end of it. This mechanism drives a horizontal cam
wheel, which is let into a recess in the bed plate, and is covered by a move-
able cloth plate, ratchet teeth being made in the periphery of the cam wheel
for the sliding piece or pall to act upon. This pall is held back out of contact
with the teeth on its return stroke by the action of a portion of the loop
carrier, thus avoiding unnecessary noise; the feed lever is held in contact with
its cam by a spring, and an adjusting stop screw is provided for the purpose
of regulating the stitch. When feeding the rounded part of the button hole
the cam wheel moves faster than when feeding the straight parts, to prevent
crowding of the stitches at the round part, and this necessary change of feed
is effected by an adjustable plate on the cam end of the feed lever, capable of
adjustment to or from the cam so as to regulate. the feed at the rounded part.
Through this plate passes vertically a short stem or piston, and whilst feeding
the round part this stem is dropped down so as to present a point of contact
5 nearer to the cam, thus giving more vibration to the feed lever. The stem is
raised and lowered at the proper time by an arm attached to a rocker, which
latter is operated upon by a groove in the cam wheel. When stitching the
straight part of the button hole the point of the rocker rests in the groeve on
the under side of the cam wheel, and when the rounded part is to be stitched
it is raised to the surface of the wheel, thereby raising and depressing the
stem or piston. A spring keeps the point of the rocker in contact with the
cam wheel.
A handle is fitted to the end of the feed lever, so as to enable
the feed to be operated without moving any other part of the machine. The
material is held between two slotted feed clamps, neither side of the cloth
being directly acted upon by the feed or friction to draw or displace them. The
rim of the upper clamping plate when feeding the round part comes in contact
with a presser wheel, which keeps the edge of the lower plate close to a
circular projection on the cloth plate; a second pin or projection on the under-
side of the clamp drops through a slot in the cloth plate, and into a groove in
the upper surface of the cam wheel. As this wheel rotates the clamp guided
by the slot in the cloth plate is fed along in a straight line while one side of
the button-hole is being stitched; but as the pin in the clamp enters a circular
part of the slot, it reaches that portion of the groove in the cam wheel nearest
the centre, and then rests until the wheel has fed it through the circular part
of the slot whilst the round part of the button-hole is being stitched. Whilst
the pin in the clamp is passing through the circular part of the slot it is
moved forward in contact with a point on a slide on the cam wheel, and at
the point where it' enters the other straight part of the slot in the cloth plate
this slide is pressed by the pin in the clamp into a recess in the collar or boss

page_text: round which the wheel rotates, leaving the groove open until the slide has
passed forward of the said pin. The cam wheel then carries this pin through
the other straight part of the slot, whilst the other side of the button hole is
being stitched.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th April 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex, and
of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," a communication from abroad by David
Wood Green Humphrey, of Chelsea, in the County of Suffolk, in the State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, or under the
hand and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW. YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
'to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-

page_text: on the
The said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
sewing machine, suitable for button-hole or edge finishing or stitching. In
this machine the vertical needlo bar or carrier has a lateral motion imparted
to it by a cam, for the purpose of causing the vertical needle to pass alter-
nately through and over the edge of the material operated upon. The up-
and-down motion of the needle bar is obtained from a crank pin in a disc
on the front end of a driving shaft, working in a slotted piece attached
to the needle bar. The cam shaft is placed vertically, and receives its
motion from the driving shaft by means of a bevel wheel and pinion, it
making one revolution for two of the main shaft. A loop carrier operates
beneath the table, being connected by a bar with a suitable cam
vertical cam shaft. It is provided with two points, which work alternately,
and enter the loops of the needle thread from opposite directions. This
loop carrier is held in its place by a cap, over which it slides, a lateral
motion being also imparted to it by means of a bent slot working along.
a fixed pin. The looper which carries the lower or binding thread is fitted
to a bar, which also receives its motion from a cam on the vertical cam shaft.
Another bar, also worked by a cam, carries a hook for spreading the loop
of the binding thread, and operates a loop check. The bars of the looper
or lower needle, and of the hook, are connected to a cap by jointed links,
which impart a curved motion to the looper and hook. The vertical needle
carries a loop of the finishing or upper thread through the edge of the
cloth, which loop is then entered by one of the two points of the loop
carrier, and drawn to one side, the loop carrier moving forward and laterally
far enough to receive the needle as it descends over the edge of the cloth,
and through the retained loop on the point of the loop carrier, the loop
check holding the loop in such a position as to ensure the passage of the
vertical needle through it. The loop check and the loop carrier now retreat,
leaving the loop which was carried through the cloth over the needle and
free to be drawn up at its next descent. The vertical needle then continues
its descent over the edge of the cloth, forming another loop, which is entered
by the opposite or second point of the loop carrier. The looper then passes a
loop of the binding or under thread through the over-edge loop, when the
point of the carrier and the vertical needle retreat, leaving & loop of the
finishing thread over the looper. The hook above referred to now seizes the
loop. of the binding thread, and holds it open until the vertical needle carries
another loop through the cloth and enters this loop of the binding thread,
whereupon the looper withdraws from the over-edge loop, and at the same
time the hook releases its hold upon the binding thread, leaving its loop round.

page_text: the vertical needle near its point, the further descent of this needle drawing up
the over-edge loop. As the vertical needle rises again, it forms another loop,
which is entered by one of the points of the loop carrier, as before described,
and thus the stitch is completed. The feed may operate when the vertical
needle is up either after, each time it has carried its loop through the cloth, or
after it has carried its loop over the edge. The first motion is obtained from
a cam on the vertical shaft, actuating a horizontal feed lever having a sliding
piece or pall hinged to one end of it. This mechanism drives a horizontal cam
wheel, which is let into a recess in the bed plate, and is covered by a moveable
cloth plate, ratchet teeth being made in the periphery of the cam wheel for the
sliding piece or pall to act upon. This pall is held back out of contact with
the teeth on its return stroke, by the action of a portion of the loop carrier,
thus avoiding unnecessary noise. The feed lever is held in contact with its
cam by a spring, and an adjusting stop screw is provided for the purpose of
regulating the stitch. When feeding the rounded part of the button hole, the
cam wheel moves faster than when feeding the straight parts, to prevent
crowding of the stitches at the round part, and this necessary change of feed is
effected by an adjustable plate on the cam end of the feed lever, capable of
adjustment to or from the cam, so as to regulate the feed at the rounded part.
Through this plate passes vertically a short stem or piston, and whilst feeding
the round part this stem is dropped down, so as to present a point of contact
nearer to the cam, thus giving more vibration to the feed lever. The stem is
raised and lowered at the proper time by an arm attached to a rocker, which
When stitching the
latter is operated upon by a groove in the cam wheel.
straight part of the buttom-hole, the point of the rocker rests in the groove on
the under side of the cam wheel; and when the rounded part is to be stitched
it is raised to the surface of the wheel, thereby raising and depressing the stem
or piston. A spring keeps the point of the rocker in contact with the cam
wheel. A handle is fitted to the end of the feed lever, so as to enable the feed
to be operated without moving any other part of the machine. The material
is held between two slotted feed clamps, neither side of the cloth being directly
acted upon by the feed or friction to draw or displace them. The rim of the
upper clamping plate, when feeding the round part, comes in contact with a
presser wheel, which keeps the edge of the lower plate close to a circular pro-
jection on the cloth plate. A second pin or projection on the under side of the
clamp drops through a slot in the cloth plate, and into a groove in the upper
surface of the cam wheel. As this wheel rotates, the clamp, guided by the slot
in the cloth plate, is fed along in a straight line while one side of the button
hole is being stitched; but as the pin in the clamp enters a circular part of the

page_text: slot, it reaches that portion of the groove in the cam wheel nearest the centre;
and there rests until the wheel has fed it through the circular part of the slot,
whilst the round part of the button hole is being stitched. Whilst the pin in
the clamp is passing through the circular part of the slot, it is moved forward
in contact with a point on a slide on the cam wheel; and, at the point where it
enters the other straight part of the slot in the cloth plate, this slide is pressed
by the pin in the clamp into a recess in the collar or boss round which the
wheel rotates, leaving the groove open until the slide has passed forward
of the said pin. The cam wheel then carries this pin through the other
straight part of the slot, whilst the other side of the button hole is being
stitched.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of the annexed Sheet of Drawings is a perspective view of the
machine, the side of the arm being removed for the purpose of showing the
internal arrangement of the parts; Figure 2 shows the two opposite sides of the
part which is removed from the arm, with the tension arrangement attached;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the under side of the table and mechanism
attached; Figures 4, 5, and 6, show the interlooping of the threads to form
the stitch; Figure 7 is a section of the table with the cloth plate V and the
cam wheel W (Figures 8 and 9) removed; Figure 8 shows the upper face of
the cam wheel W°, and the groove by which the feed clamp is moved;
Figure 9 shows the under face of this wheel and the groove which operates
the rocker X; Figure 10 is a section of the feed mechanism; Figure 11 is
an under side view of the feed clamp K2, and Figure 12 is a view of the upper.
side of the same.
i
A (Figure 1) is the table, B the arm, C the needle bar carrier,. D the
needle bar, and E a horizontal shaft on which is the driving wheel F and the
crank wheel G, which latter drives the needle bar. This shaft actuates the
shaft H by bevel wheels 25, in such a manner that the latter makes but one
revolution while the shaft E makes two. J is a cam which gives to the needle
bar carrier C a lateral motion, by which the needle a is carried alternately
through and over the edge of the material worked upon; I is a slotted cam
attached to the needle bar. In this cam a pin on the face of the crank.
wheel G works, thus giving the needle bar the proper vertical motion. o' is a
thread guide attached to cam I; K is the clamp presser; is a latch by

page_text: which the clamp presser is raised; c (Figure 2) is a thread guide and
tension, through the upper eye of which passes the thread from the spool ",
thence around the wire according to the tension required, and through the
lower eye; thence through the eye of the thread clamp e (herein-after
described), through the eye of the thread guide o'; then through the eye in
the lower end of the needle bar, and through the eye of the needle a; fon
the inner side of Figure 2, is a spring which holds the thread clamp e. When
the plate shewn in Figure 2 is screwed on to the arm in its place, the point of
the thread clamp at e is intermittently operated upon to relieve the thread by
the cam g attached to the hub of the bevel wheel on the shaft H. The
thread clamp e consists of a hollow screw with a piston working within it.
The screw is turned by a wrench into the side of the arm, as shewn in the
right hand plate at Figure 2. On the outer end of the piston there is a
shoulder, which, in order to clamp the thread, is drawn against the face of the
screw by the spring f attached near to the end of the piston, which is operated
upon by the cam g as described. The eye of the clamp through which the
thread passes is made through the piston close to its shoulder. The draft or
tension on the thread may be increased by turning the screw backward,
or diminished by turning it forward.
In Figures 3 and 4, d is the loop carrier, which is connected by the bar P
(Figure 3) to the cam O, from which it derives its motion; the points m
and n work alternately, and enter the loops from opposite directions. It is
held in its place by the cap h, over which it slides, having a lateral motion
produced by the slot 8, working on the pin (Figure 4); M (Figure 3) is a
bar carrying the lower needle b for the binding thread, and receives motion from
a cam on the shaft H. N is a bar carrying a hook c (Figure 4) for spreading
the loop of the binding thread; it also operates the loop check i (Figure 4), and
receives motion from a cam on the shaft H. M and N and connected to the cap.
R by the sweeps j and 1 (Figure 5) which give the needle and hook a curved
motion. S (Figure 3) is a spool stand, the sliding rod w holding one end of the
spool. On the opposite end of the rod is a screw for the nut y. A spring v
presses against the nut y, and by turning it more or less against the spring v,
the tension is regulated. The binding thread passes from the spool through the
eye of a spring p (which takes up the slack thread), then through guides t
and u, through the eye of the needle b, thence up through the cloth plate V.
Figure 4 represents the stitch produced by the mechanism herein described,
and, together with Figures 5 and 6, shows the operation of the parts in pro-
ducing it. The needle a first carries a loop of the finishing thread through
the cloth, which loop is entered by the point n of the loop carrier d, when the

page_text: needle retreats, leaving its loop on the point n (Figure 5). The loop carrier
moves further forward, and at the same time laterally, far enough to receive the
needle a as it descends over the edge of the cloth and through the loop on the
point nat. The loop check i hold the loop in a position to insure the
passage of the needle a through it. As soon as the needle a carries a loop
over the edge of the cloth and through the next preceding loop which was
carried through the cloth, the loop check i and the loop carrier d retreat,
leaving the loop carried through the cloth over the needle a, and free to be
drawn up at the next descent of the needle (see Figure 6). The needle a
then continues its descent over the edge, forming another loop, which is entered
by the second point m of the loop carrier (Figure 6). The under needle b
(Figure 4) then passes a loop of the binding thread through the over-edge
loop; when the point m and needle a retreat, leaving a loop of the finishing
thread over the lower needle b. The hook c seizes the loop of the binding
thread, and holds it open until the needle a carries another loop through the
cloth, and enters its point into this loop of the binding thread when the needle
6 withdraws from the over-edge-loop, and at the same time the hook c releases
its hold upon the binding thread, leaving its loop round the needle a near its
point. The further descent of the needle a draws up the over-edge loop, and
as the needle a rises again it forms another loop, which is entered by the point
n as before described, and thus the stitch is completed. The feed may operate
when the needle a is up and free from the cloth, either every time it has
carried its loop through the cloth, or every time after it has carried its loop
over the edge. In Figures 3, 5, and 10, T is the feed lever, with the sliding
piece U hinged to it. Through these the cam Q moves, the cam wheel, Figure 8,
coming in contact with it through the slot 3 (Figure 7), after the sliding
piece U (which is held against the cam wheel by a spring round the stud
which connects it to the lever T) has moved the cam wheel forward. The
noise which would be occasioned by allowing it to come in contact with the
ratchet teeth of the cam wheel while moving back, is prevented by the loop
carrier d, (Figure 5), which moves it away from the teeth, and against the end
of which it slides back to its place. The fulcrum of the lever T is at ; v
is a spring which keeps the end of the lever T forward, so that it may come in
contact with the cam Q. This cam works against a projection y on the
lever T (see Figure 10). Z (Figure 3), is a screw for regulating the feed.
When feeding the rounded part of the button hole the cam wheel must move
faster than when feeding the straight parts of it, otherwise the stitches would
be two much crowded in the rounded part. The necessary change of feed is
produced in the following manner :- y3 (Figures 3 and 10) is an adjustable.

page_text: plate attached to the lever T by screws passing through slots, so that it may be
moved farther from or nearer to the cam Q, by which the feed of the rounded
part may be regulated. Through y³ the stud or pin works vertically while
feeding the rounded part this pin e is dropped down in front of the projection
y, nearer to the cam Q with which it is in contact, thus giving more vibration
to the lever T. The stud is raised and depressed by the arm of the rocker
X which is operated upon by the groove in the under side of cam wheel
(Figure 9). When stitching the straight part of the button-hole the point W
of the rocker (Figure 10) rests in the groove on the under side of the cam
wheel. When stitching the rounded part it is raised to the surface of the cam
wheel, thus raising and depressing the stud eat the proper time to effect the
changes of feed. A spring 3 keeps the rocker X in contact with the cam
wheel. The arm of the rocker X should be made of thin plate, or with a
joint in it, so, that it may yield to the vibration of the lever T. The handle W
on the end of the lever T is for the purpose of operating the feed without
moving any other part of the machine.
In Figure 7, 12 is the circular recess of the table A in which the cam
wheel Wo works around the collar q as its axis; f³, f³, are palls, and 22 is a
slot through which the slide U moves the cam wheel. When the cam wheel
is placed into the recess, and in proper position to commence work, that part
of of its groove marked m³ should rest directly under the part n² of the cloth
plate V (Figure 1). Figure 11 is the under side of the feed clamp. The
use of this clamp is to hold the cloth or other material to be stitched. By
clamping two or more thicknesses in this way their edges are held even and
smooth through the process of feeding, neither side of the cloth being directly
acted upon by feed or friction to draw or displace them. The inner or
holding surfaces of the clamp may be rough or smooth as the material
worked upon may require. Figure 12 is an upper view of the feed clamp.
The upper and lower plates of the clamp are held in their relative position
by the arms of the upper plate being fitted into the slots in the
standards 3, of the under plate. x is a spring rivetted at the centre
to the upper plate; its ends bend downwards, and rest upon the lower plate,
thus raising the end of the plate to which it is attached, and making a
stronger pressure on the cloth when the plates are pressed together by the
eccentric lever på. c² (Figure 11) is a slot made through the clamp, through
which slot the needle a works. This slot should be long enough for the longest
button-hole, and its width in the lower plate should be equal to the diameter
of the circular projection or short stud d' (under the needle on the cloth plate
V (Figure 1), over which it works. The end of the slot in which the rounded

page_text: part of the button-hole is placed must be enlarged in proportion to the enlarge-
ment in the button-hole. The slot in the upper plate should be of such width
that the needle passing down through the material or cloth shall work close to
the edge of it. The raised rim e¹ on the upper plate, when feeding through
the round part of the button-holes, comes in contact with the presser wheel,
which keeps the edge of the lower plate close to the circular projection d'.
This rim is not necessary in working a straight button-hole, in which case the
slot should not be enlarged at the end. To place the clamp on the machine
in position to commence work, raise the needle to its highest point, also raiso
the clamp presser, then place the clamp so that the slot shall rest over the
circular projection d', and that the pin a¹ on the under side of the clamp shall
drop through the slot in the plate V at the part n³, and into the groove of the
cam wheel at m². As the cam wheel is moved round, the clamp, guided by the
slot in the plate V, is fed along in a straight line while one side of the button-
hole is being stitched. As the pin a' of the clamp enters the circular part of
the slot in the plate V it reaches that point of the groove in the cam wheel
nearest to its centre, and there rests until the wheel bas fed it through the
circular part of the slot, while the rounded part of the button-hole is being
stitched. While the pin a' is passing through the circular part of the slot, it
is moved forward in contact with a point on the slide k' of the cam wheel, and
at the point where it enters the other straight part of the slot there is a recess
in the collar q, Figure 7, around which the cam wheel works. Into this recess
the end of the slide is pressed by the pin a', thus leaving the groove open
until the slide has passed forward of the pin a¹. The cam wheel then carries
the pin a through the other straight part of the slot in the plate V, while the
other side of the button-hole is being stitched. The feed clamp may then be
removed, leaving the cam wheel in the same position as at the commencement
of the operation. In order to make a shorter button hole than would be made
by starting the pin at the point m², as described, the clamp should be fed along
by operating the lever T by the handle at W, until that point is brought under
the needle where it is desirable to commence.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general construction and arrangement of machinery or apparatus
for stitching button-holes and for finishing and stitebing the edges of fabrics,
as herein-before described.

page_text: Second, the imparting a lateral motion to the needle bar carrier in button-
hole stitching machines, in order that the needle may be passed alternately
through and over the edge of the material worked upon, as herein-before
described.
.:
Third, the combination of the laterally vibrating needle bar carrier c, loop
carrier d, lower needle b, hook c, and loop check i, with a needle a, substan-
tially in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described, and illustrated
by the Drawings.
Fourth, the combination of the revolving cam wheel We with feeding plates,
clamps, or their equivalents, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before
described.
Fifth, the combination of the slotted cloth plate V with the revolving cam
wheel Wo, for the purpose of actuating the feeding clamps, substantially as
herein-before described.
Sixth, the peculiar construction and arrangement of feed clamp K³, and its
combination with the cam wheel We and slotted plate V, for the purpose of
holding and feeding the material under operation, substantially as herein-before
described.
Seventh, the combination of the rocker X, moveable stud or pin e, adjust-
able plate y³, and spring 12, with the feeding lever T, substantially in the
manner and for the purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have hereunto set
our hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.