Improvements in the Manufacture of Ornamental or Checkered Yarns and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1882
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1389
PROVISIONAL SECTION
Improvements in the Manufacture of Ornamental or Checkered Yarns
and in Apparatus therefor.
We, FRANZ SANDER, and WILHELM HOFFMANN, Manufacturers, of Mühlhausen, in
the German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
Checkered yarns are usually prepared on the carding engine by applying bundles
of differently coloured fibres cross wise to one of the carding rollers or by strewing
the coloured fibre on the fleece formed by the ground fibres.
The principal feature of our invention consists in applying the differently coloured
material in the shape of finished or half-finished threads, instead of using it in the
shape of flocks, pieces of thread, being laid cross wise and at regular intervals over
one of the carding rollers, preferably the doffer. The subsequent application of a layer
of brown fibre to this roller and the combing action give a firm hold to the coloured
admixture upon the ground fibres.
The new apparatus chiefly comprises unechanism for the periodical feeding of half
spun yarn across the doffer (parallel with its axis) and mechanism for tearing off the
yarn thus fed forward, and for pressing the same upon the doffer. The two mechanisms
operate alternately and in unison with each other.
The details of construction may be as follows:-On one of the journals of the
doffer is mounted a tooth-wheel having on its face a cam and receiving rotary motion
independently of the doffer. Only about one half the circumference of the wheel is
toothed, and as long as its teeth gear with the pinion, an endless band placed
parallel with the axis of the doffer and guided by a pair of pulleys is set in motion,
and draws coloured yarn from a spool by means of a separate friction roller, the
As soon as the
said yarn being thus carried from one end of the band to the other.
front end of the yarn has reached the opposite end of the doffer, the spur wheel has
ceased to gear with the pinion, and the endless band stops. During the further
motion of the spur wheel a lever, which is constantly pressed against the cam by a
spring, moves towards the doffer and actuates a spring, so as to clip the coloured
thread between the band and the spring. The same motion of the upright lever
serves to guide over the band a brush which tears off the thread.

page_text: The thread thus torn off and equal in length to the width of the doffer, is guided
to the doffer and placed between the card-teeth by a suitable motion of the brush.
The end of the coloured yarn thus seized is held on the doffer by a friction roller or
a curved guide, so that during the rotary motion of the doffer the yarn is laid on
helically.
During this time, the vertical lever mentioned above has been again pressed
outward by the cam, the brush has receded, and the clip spring is released, so that it
may act on a fresh piece of coloured half spun yarn. The coloured thread lying across
the doffer is somewhat combed when passing the line of contact between the doffer
and the carding cylinder. The fleece finally scraped off the card cloth, and provided
with coloured cross stripes in the manner described, enters the fleece-divider, and
the half spun yarn obtained from the same has coloured specks at regular intervals.
According as the speed of the spur wheel is double, 3, or more times that of the
doffer, 2, 3, or more coloured stripes are laid on at each revolution. The doffer may
be provided with several checkering appliances as described, which may operate
alternately, so as to change the colour of the yarn.
The checkering apparatus may be adapted to work with two or more threads of
different colours (instead of working with one only) so that after a thread has been
cut off and transferred to the doffor, the corresponding friction roller is set out of
action, and at the same time the following roller which draws thread off a different
spool, begins to operate.
For ovory additional thread a separate mechanism comprising a friction roller and
thread guide may be added. Such a mechanism may be constructed as follows: A pair
of spools, one holding red, the other blue yarn are mounted one on the other. The
thread from each spool is guided between the corresponding friction roller and the
endless band by a small separate guide roller the bearings of which are pivoted to
the fork which holds the journals of the friction roller. Each of the said forks is
suspended from the extremity of a horizontal lever, and movable vertically in a
bearing. One of the two levers rests on a cam, and the other lever on a similar
cam mounted on the same shaft, but placed at a right angle to the first.
On the same horizontal shaft placed below the levers at a right angle to the same,
is mounted a ratchet wheel, and to the upper part of the upright oscillating lever
(which serves to tear off the thread as described above) is pivoted a pawl adapted
to turn the ratchet wheel in one direction only, but to yield by pivoting on its fulcrum,
when the lever moves in the opposite direction.
By the motion of the ratchet wheel, the cams mounted on the horizontal shaft are
turned also, and as each cam has 4 elevations and 4 depressions and the ratchet
wheel has eight teeth, the position of the horizontal levers is reversed whenever the
ratchet wheel is turned one tooth.
The small guide rollers mentioned above, being pivoted to lateral extensions of the
forks holding the friction rollers, fall by their own weight against the circumference
of the friction rollers, when the latter is raised, and thus clip the thread.
Instead of placing the torn off piece of coloured thread upon the doffer, it may be
delivered to an endless band of card cloth, which transports the same to the fleece
immediately before entering the fleece-divider, the pulleys for the endless card cloth
being mounted on the axles of the tension rollers of the upper dividing belt of the
fleeco-divider.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Ornamental or Checkered Tarus
and in Apparatus therefor.
We, FRANZ SANDER, and WILHELM HOFFMANN, Manufacturers, of Muhlhausen, in
the German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of our invention, and in what
manner the same is to bo performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
Checkered yarns are usually prepared on the carding engine by applying bundles
of differently coloured fibres cross wise to one of the carding rollers, or by strewing
the coloured fibre on the fleece formed by the ground fibres.
The principal feature of our invention consists in applying the differently coloured
material, in the shape of slubbing or unfinished yarn, instead of using it in the shape
of flocks, pieces of thread or slub being laid crosswise and at regular intervals over
one of the carding rollers, preferably the doffer. The subsequent application of a
layer of ground fibre to this roller, and the combing action, give a firm hold to the
colored admixture upon the ground fibres.
The variegated or checkered yarns produced in this manner, are distinguished from
others by the purity, uniformity and regularity of the checks.
The new apparatus chiefly comprises mechanism for the periodical feeding of slub
or half finished yarn across the doffer (parallel with its axis) and mechanism for
tearing off the yarn thus fed forward, and for pressing the same upon the doffer. The
two mechanisms operate alternately and in unison with each other.
The details of construction are illustrated by the accompanying drawings. On one
of the journals of the doffer P, Fig. 1 is mounted a tooth-wheel R having on its
face a cam C and receiving rotary motion independently of the doffer. Only about
one half the circumference of the wheel R is toothed, and as long as its teeth gear
with the pinion r, an endless band E placed parallel with the axis of the doffer and
guided by a pair of pulleys O and O¹ is set in motion, in the direction of the arrow,
and draws coloured unfinished yarn or slubbing from a spool V by means of a
separate friction roller W, the said yarn being thus carried from one end of the doffer
to the other. As soon as the front end of the yarn has reached the opposite end of
the doffer, the spur wheel R has ceased to gear with the pinion r, and the endless
band E stops, together with the pattern thread lying on the same.
During the further motion of the spur-wheel R carrying the disc C, the pin c
of the lever H which is constantly pressed against the disc C, arrives at the inclined
face of the same, whereupon the lever I snaps towards the doffer into the position
represented by Fig. 3.
During the motion of the lever H, the spring B has first been depressed by the
Find at the end of lever H and guided in a slot of the spring B, in

page_text: consequence of which the pattern thread is clipped between the band E and the
spring B. By the motion of the lever H, a brush 6 pivoted to its terminal pin X is
guided over the band E, and on its arrival at the rear end of the spring B, the brush
carries the thread with it and breaks it off.
The piece of thread thus torn off and equal in length to the width of the doffer, is
carried (with the end seized by the brush 6) towards the card clothing of the doffer
and introduced between the teeth of the same, for which purpose the brush has an
upward extension adapted to come in contact at the required moment, with the curvod
extremity of a pin a.
The extremity of the yarn or pattern thread thus soized, is then held fast on the
card clothing by a segment w', Fig. 3 or by a pressure roller c, Fig. 1; the piece
of pattern thread lying on the edge E is dragged in by the doffer during its rotary
motion and deposited on the same in the shape of a helix, as shown by Fig. 2.
In the meanwhile, the lever H has again been pressed outward by the disc C, the
brush has receded, and the spring B is allowed to snap back, so that the band
which recommences its motion takes along the coloured yarn or pattern threads
which has been pressed fast at its extremity and carries the same across the doffer.
The pattern thread lying across the doffer is afterwards slightly combed when
passing the line of contact between the carding cylinder T and the doffer P, the
fibres lying across being thereby laid more lengthways, so as to unite well with the
fibres laid on by the carding cylinder. The fleece combed off by the doffer comb h
and provided with coloured cross stripes passes to the fleece divider T"; which iurns
out slivers containing coloured stripes or spots at regular intervals.
According as the speed of the spur wheel R with disc C is two, three, or more
times that of the doffer, 2, 3, or more coloured stripes are laid on at each revolution,
consequently the pattern may be changed by changing the speed of the wheel R
The doffer may be provided with several checkering appliances, as described which
may operate alternately or in rotation, so as to change the colour of the yarn.
The checkering apparatus may be adapted to work with two or more pattern
threads of different colours (instead of working with one only), so that after a thread
has been cut off and transferred to the doffer, the corresponding friction roller with
one end of the thread situated under the samo, is set out of action and at the same
time the following roller which draws thread off a different spool, begins to operate.
After the second thread has been transferred to the doffer, the first spool comes
again into operation, and so on alternately.
For every additional thread a separate imechanism comprising a pressure or friction
roller and thread guide may be added. Such a mechanism is illustrated by Figs. 5
to 7 of the drawings. A pair of spools V, V₁, one holding red, the other blue
are mounted one over the other. The thread from each spool is guided between the
yarn,
corresponding pressure roller W, or W₁ and the endless band E by a separate guide 4
piece or, the two threads being alternately pressed by the corresponding friction
or pressure rollers upon the endless band E and carried by the latter across the
doffer.
а
The axles of the rollers W, W₁ are held in forks, b, b', adapted to slide up and
down in the bearing or guide c and held by a pair of one-armed levers
The lever a rests on a cam X, and the lever a¹ on a similar can X' mounted on the
a¹.
same shaft d, but placed at a right angle to the first.
On the same horizontal shaft d, Fig. 7, is mounted a ratchet wheel 2, and to the
upper part of the upright oscillating lever H Figs. 1, 2 and 3. (which serves to
tear off the thread as described above) is pivoted near the double arrow p (←→) 5
Fig. 1, a pawl H adapted to turn in the direction of the round arrow, Fig. 6.
During the return motion, the pawl H yields and falls afterwards again by its own
weight. When the lever H moves again forward, the pawl H¹ is held in position
by the projection i of the lever H, and propels the ratchet wheel Z one tooth in the
direction of the arrow. The rotation of the ratchet wheel is communicated to the 55
cams X and X, thereby lifting one of the levers a, a² and allowing the other to drop.

page_text: Now, as each cam has four clevations and four depressions, and the ratchet wheel Z,
has 8 teeth, it follows, that whenever the ratchet whicol is fed forward one tooth, the
position of the levers a, a¹ is reversed.
As shown by Figs. 5 and 6, the levers a, a set in motion the pressure rollers W, WI
connected with the same. These rollers press the thread upon the travelling band
which carries it along the doffer.
The small guide pieces, ² are pivoted at ff to lateral arms of the forks b, 61
which hold the rollers W, W. Consequently, when the pressure roller risos, the
corresponding guide piece falls by its own weight against the circumference of its
pressure roller, so as to clip the thread and prevent its further motion, as shown in
Fig. 5 for the roller W₁ and guide ».
When the pressure rollers descend, the small friction rollers held by the guides »,
come in contact with the traveling band, in consequence of which the said guides
recede from tho periphery of the pressure rollers, so that the latter can act freely on
the thread in conjunction with the travelling band, after which the thread is treated
further as described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
Checkered yarns are generally produced in the carding machine, that is to say,
the pattern is applied to the fleece in the carding machine. An important part of
the latter is the fleece divider, and the pattern must be applied before the entry of the
fleece into the divider.
We shall therefore obtain slivers with coloured specks, by laying the pattern
thread cross-wise upon the fleece combed off by the doffer, before it enters the dividing
apparatus, and to perform this process is the object of the following apparatus.
It differs from the apparatus first described, chiefly by having an endless card-
belt which takes the place of the doffer by carrying to the fleece the pieces of pattern
thread which have been torn off. Fig. 4 is a side view showing the new arrangement.
Between the doffer P and the fleece-divider T is situated the travelling band E
running across the doffer and supplying the pattern thread at certain intervals.
The thread lying on the band is detached by the brush b with the aid of spring B,
and delivered to the endless card-band K, which transports the same down to the
fleece. The card-belt K runs on that side of the fleece, where the detaching lever H
(operated by disc (and spring F) is situated, being guided by the tension roller s
of the upper dividing belts and a loose roller on the upper guide roller t. The
card-band has therefore the same speed as the fleece dividing belts. Between the
rollers, the extremity of the piece of pattern thread is easily drawn out and the
latter, lying on the fleece and held between the dividing belts, arrives at the dividing
place, where a number of slivers having coloured cross stripes are obtained, these
stripes being more intimately united with the slivers by the subsequent rounding of
the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and, in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I claim is :
1. The process for the manufacture of checkered yarn, which consists in carrying
a piece of slubbing or unfinished yarn across the doffer of a carding machine, then
tearing off the said piece and pressing the extremity thus torn off against the card-
clothing of the doffer, so that the latter carries the piece of slubbing along with it,
substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for the manufacture of checkered yarn by applying unfinished yarn
or slubbing transversely to the doffer of a carding machine, substantially as described
with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings, substantially as described.
3. In apparatus for the manufacture of checkered yarn by the method described,
mechanism for supplying regularly and alternately pattern threads to the doffer, said
mechanism comprising in its construction pressure rollers W W provided with
guide pieces and ², lovers a, a' adapted to press the rollers W W' against the travelling
band and to remove thom again, lever H, pawl H³, ratchet wheel Z, and cam X X
adapted to actuate the levers a, a', the raising and lowering of the rollers W W¹

page_text: being utilized to change the position of the guides r, relatively to the circumference
of the rollers W W and thereby to release the pattern threads, substantially as
described.
4. Apparatus for the manufacture of checkered yarn by laying unfinished yarn or
slubbing transversely upon the fleece combed off the doffer before it is divided,
substantially as described with reference to Fig. 4.
D-L
T1000
FRANZ SANDER.
WILHELM HOFFMANN.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London,
Agents.