Improvements in Gas or Vapour Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 1st Mar., 1892-Accepted, 28th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas or Vapour Engines.
I, JOSEPH DAY of Spring Gardens Bath in the County of Somerset Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to my invention 1 construct an engine capable of obtaining an impulse
at every revolution.
On a suitable bed plate I mount a cylinder which is provided with a piston and
means at the back end for obtaining the ignition of the explosive charge when it
arrives in the back part of the cylinder. The front part of the cylinder is of such
a cubic area as to conveniently contain a suitable charge of air and gas or vapour
when these are drawn in by the back stroke of the piston through a series of holes,
covered by a valve or valves. The air and gas may be drawn in in such manner
that they impinge on one another when coming in and thus form a proper mixture.
Communication between the front and back ends of the cylinder is effected by a
suitable passage or passages the ports of which are opened and closed by the piston
when it reciprocates, or a valve may be employed in the piston itself. On the
piston commencing its forward motion the charge of air and gas (drawn in through
the valve or valves, above described, on the previous stroke) in the front part of
the cylinder is compressed and when the piston is nearly at the end of its outward
stroke an exhaust port in the back part of cylinder is opened, the products of.
combustion escape and as soon as the exhaust port is open communication with the
front part of the cylinder is established and the new charge being under compression
as above described is allowed to pass by the piston to the back part of cylinder,
where it is further compressed and ignited driving the piston forward until the
exhaust port is opened. Naturally instead of having a long cylinder for the purpose
of utilizing the front part thereof for containing the air and gas when first drawn
in, I may use a separate chamber therefor and consequently shorten the length of
the cylinder.
The chamber may suitably be under or form part of the bed plate of the
engine. The cylinder is provided with a stuffing box through which the piston rod
works and motion is communicated to the crank by means of a connecting rod.
In consequence of the construction of this engine it will run in either direction
by simply turning the fly wheel on starting in the direction it is desired to run.
·Dated this 1st day of June 1901
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas or Vapour Engines.
1, JOSEPH DAY of Spring Gardens Bath in the County of Somerset Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
According to my invention I construct a gas or vapour engine capable of having
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas or Vapour Engines.
1, JOSEPH DAY of Spring Gardens Bath in the County of Somerset Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
According to my invention I construct a gas or vapour engine capable of having
an impulse at every revolution.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a part vertical longitudinal section of a horizontal gas engine con-
structed according to my invention and

page_text: On a suitable bed plate A. I mount a cylinder B which is provided with a
piston A' and means as shown for instance at M at the back end for obtaining
the ignition of the explosive charge when it arrives in the back part of the
cylinder..
The front part of the cylinder E is of such a volume (or communicates with an
additional chamber which with it contains such a volume), as to conveniently
contain a suitable charge of air and gas or other explosive.vapour when it is drawn
in by the back stroke of the piston A' through gas port G from pipe H and air
ports F. These ports G and F are alternately opened. and closed for instance by
the single diaphragm I. The air and gas may also be drawn in in such a manner
by causing the air and gas ports to converge together so that the streams of air
and gas impinge when entering and thus form a proper and uniform mixture.
Communication between the front and back ends of the cylinder is effected by a
passage L the ports of which are opened and closed by the piston A¹ when it
reciprocates, or two passages and a grooved piston may be used as shewn on Fig. 5
of the drawings of the Specification appended to my application for Patent
No. 6410 dated 14th April 1891 or a valve similar to the valve L on Fig. 1 of the
drawings of the aforesaid Specification may be employed. Or otherwise I may
einploy a hinged flap valve which alternately opens and closes a port in the piston
affording communication between the back and front ends of the cylinder.
On the piston A commencing its forward motion the charge of air and gas
(drawn in through the ports F and G on the previous stroke) in the front part E
of the cylinder B is compressed and when the piston A' is nearly at the end of its
forward stroke the exhaust port N is opened the products of combustion escape and
as soon as the exhaust port is open communication with the front part E of the
cylinder is established by means of the passage I and the new charge being under
compression in the front part or reservoir is allowed to pass by the aforesaid
passage L as shown (or as otherwise hereinbefore indicated) to the back part of
the cylinder where it is further compressed and ignited driving the piston A
forward until the exhaust port N is again opened. I have shown the piston A
provided with a guard or deflector O to prevent the incoming charge or a part
thereof from at once escaping by way of the exhaust port, but under some circum
stances this may be dispensed with. Naturally instead of having a long cylinder
for the purpose of utilizing the front part E thereof for containing the air and gas
when first drawn in I may use a separate chamber therefor aud consequently
shorten the length of the cylinder and the chamber may suitably be under or form
part of the bed plate of the engine. In the example shown the cylinder is provided'
with a stuffing box B' through which the piston rod works and motion is com-
municated to the crank R having fly wheels S by means of piston rod B² and
connecting rod C.
Although I have only shown a horizontal engine constructed according to my
invention, it is evident that the engine may be mounted vertically or otherwise on a
suitable framework.
In consequence, of the construction of this engine, it (the latter) will run in
either direction by simply turning the fly wheel S on starting in the direction in
which it is designed to run.
Having now particularly described my said invention and in what manner the
same is to performned I wish it to be understood that the improvements herein-
after defined are claimed by me only as applied to gas or similar engines of the
type above mentioned that is to say in which the end of the cylinder opposite to
the end at which the explosion takes place is closed either in itself or in connection
with an additional closed chamber and the explosive mixture is formed therein and
passes therefrom to the portion of the cylinder where the explosion takes place.
1. In an engine of the above mentioned type the combination of a valve in the
piston or a port opened by the piston for the admission of the explosive charge
into the back part of the cylinder with automatic valves or an automatic valve for

page_text: the admission of air and gas into the front part of the cylinder substantially as
hereinbefore described and shown.
2. In an engine of the above mentioned type the combination of an automatic
valve in the piston operated solely by the pressure of the mixed air and gas in the
front part of cylinder with automatic valves or an automatic valve for the admission
of air and gas into the front part of the cylinder substantially as hereinbefore set
forth.
3. In an engine of the above mentioned type the combination of an automatic
valve in the piston operated solely by the pressure of the mixed air and gas in the
front part of the cylinder with a deflector serving to direct the charge admitted
through said valve away from the exhaust port of the cylinder substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described and set forth.
4. In an engine of the above mentioned type the combination of a valve or port
opened by the piston for the admission of the explosive charge into the back part
of the cylinder with or without a deflector serving to direct the charge admitted
through the said valve or port away from the exhaust port of the cylinder and with
automatic valves or an automatic valve for the admission of air and gas into the
front part
of the cylinder substantially as herein before set forth.
5. In an engine of the above mentioned type the combination of a port opened by
a groove in the piston to communicate by another port to the back part of the
cylinder near to the point of ignition and away from the exhaust port of the cylinder
and with automatic valves or an automatic valve for the admission of air and gas
into the front part of the cylinder substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
6. The construction of gas engine as shown.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.