Improvements in Destructors.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Destructors.
I, WILLIAM FREDERICK MASON, of Stockport Road, Manchester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to destructors and have for object the more efficient
destruction of towns' and other refuse than for the most part at present obtains.
To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, I build up an outer casing
for the destructor apparatus of any convenient form, either rectangular, circular,
or other shape in plan formation, by preference composed of iron plates, flanged or
otherwise, and lined with firebrick. In the roof or cover of this casing or chamber
I provide an opening or hopper, having a valvular attachment through which to
feed the chamber with the refuse to be destroyed; and on one side I provide a pipe
or flue, to carry off the products of combustion.
Also in the roof or sides or both I provide poker holes, to enable the burning
mass to be disturbed when necessary.
The bottom of the structure is formed as a hollow dish or trough of such shape
as will enable the ashes to be drawn through discharge openings at the sides, and
the apparatus is sealed at the bottom by means of water kept up to the requisite
level in the dish, and through which the ashes or residues can be withdrawn by
means of rakes.
The grate bars are arranged at converging angles near the centre of the
apparatus, and the forced blast is first conveyed to the space underneath such grate
bars, and thence the air and steam, or air alone, is passed through the angled grate
bars to the refuse above and about the same to enable combustion to take place.
As different kinds of refuse vary very much in the amount of carbonaceous
matter they contain, I provide means for regulating the character of the forced
blast to the precise necessity of the case, which may vary from pure air or nearly
so, through air combined with steam of different degrees of saturation, up to dry
steam. By which means I am enabled to adapt the destructor to the various kinds
or qualities of refuse at different localities and often at different times in the same
localities.
Variations in detail may be made, as in the dimensions and proportions of the
various parts of the destructor, the materials of which it is composed, together with
the shape or design of the structure without departing from the peculiar character
of the invention.
Dated this 28th day of Februar 1900
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64 Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent.

page_text: Improvements in Destructors.
1, WILLIAM FREDERICK MASON, of Stockport Road, Manchester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improvements relate to destructors and have for object the moro efficient
destruction of towns and other refuse than for the most part at present obtains..
To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, build up an outer casing
for the destructor apparatus of any convenient form, either rectangular, circular,
or other shape in plan formation, by preference composed of iron plates, flanged or
otherwise, and lined with fire-brick. In the roof or cover of this casing or
chamber provide an opening or hopper, having a valvular attachment through
which to feed the chamber with the refuse to be destroyed; and on one side
I provide a pipe or flue, to carry off the products of combustion.
Also in the roof or sides or both I provide poker holes, to enable the burning
innss to be disturbed when necessary.
The bottom of the structure is formed as a hollow dish or trough of such shape
as will enable the ashes to be drawn through discharge openings at the sides, and
the apparatus is sealed at the bottom by means of water kopt up to the requisite
level in the dish, and through which the ashes or residues can be withdrawn by
menus of rakes.
The grate bars are arranged at converging angles near the centre of the
apparatus, and the forced blast is first conveyed to the space underneath such grate
bars, and thence the air and steam, or air alone, is passed through the angled grate
bars to the refuse above and about the same to enable combustion to take
place.
As different kinds of refuse vary very much in the amount of carbonaceous
matter they contain, I provide means for regulating the character of the forced
blast to the precise necessity of tho case, which may vary from pure air or
nearly so, through air combined with steam of different degrees of saturation, up
to dry steam.
By which means I am enabled to adapt the destructor to the various kinds or
qualities of refuse at different localities, and often at different times in the same
localities.
The destructors or chambers may be arranged in series, and be connected to one
main flue in order to carry off the products of combustion, or be connected to a
number of separate flues for the same purpose.
But that the improvements may be better understood I will, with the aid of the
accompanying drawings, proceed more fully to describe means employed by me.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section or sectional elevation, and Fig. 2 a transverse
section of one form of apparatus arranged in accordance with my improvements;
while Fig. 3 shows a sectional plan view thereof.
The same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a are the walls of the destructor which may be formed of iron plates lined with
fire-brick, or be composed wholly of fire-brick, or masonry lined with fire-brick,
and enclose the combustion chamber b. In the roof and front or other side or
sides of this combustion chamber are formed poker holes c to enable the burning
refuse to be stirred up when necessary. These poker holes may be closed by

page_text: d is the opening or hopper for the inlet of refuse requiring to be burnt, and
which opening is kept closed, when requisite, by means of the inverted cone valve
and fulcrumed lever e, or by equivalent mechanism. is a steam tap, valve, or
other connection for supplying steam to the blast nozzle g which is formed with
any suitable means for regulating the supply of air thereto. With the use of such
apparatus, air and wet or dry steam, or air or steam alone may be forced into the
chamber b below the fire-bars h. From thence the steam or air, or both, passes
into and through the refuse, thus enabling combustion to take place.
The fire-bars are arranged at converging angles near the centre of the
chamber, and at a convenient height. The degree of convergence of these fire-
bars may be considerably varied if desired.
is an opening for the passage of the products of combustion into the flue l
leading to the chimney.
A water seal m is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber b, and
helow the fire-bars, into which the ashes or other residues may fall, and from
which the same may be periodically withdrawn at the open end of the tank by
means of rakes, or otherwise.
Variations in details may be made, as in the design, dimensions, and proportions
of the various parts of the destructor, the materials of which it is composed, the
number and arrangement of the same in series together with the form and
construction of the valves and regulating devices for the forced blast, without
departing from the peculiar character of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of iny said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a destructor or apparatus of the character indicated for burning refuse, the
combination therewith of regulating apparatus for the supply of air or steam or
both under a forced blast, for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein
shown and described.
2. In a destructor or apparatus of the character indicated for burning refuse, the
combination therewith of a valvular hopper or opening for the purpose and in
manner substantially as herein shown and described.
3. In a destructor or apparatus of the character indicated, for burning refuse,
the combination of parts for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein
shown and described.
Dated this 26th day of November 1896.
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64 Barton Arcade, Manchester, Agent.