IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STOVES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lutwyche, of Lower Clapton, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF STOVES."
Sealed the 19th May 1874, and dated the 22nd November 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by tho said William Lutwyche ať.
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd November 1873.
"
I, WILLIAM LUTWYCHE, of Lower Clapton, in the County of'
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STOVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing stoves in such a manner that
the air of the apartment which is being heated by the said stove
shall not be used for entertaining the combustion of the fuel burning in
the said stove as is now the case, thus avoiding all draughts from doors,
windows, or other openings in the said apartment.
The manner by which I propose to accomplish the above object is así
follows: I construct a stove made of slabs made of fire-clay or other
i

page_text: fireproof material; one of the said slabs form the back, the others the
sides, top, and bottom of the said stove being iron. The back slab is
made a little thicker at that part where the fire is made. The aforesaid
slabs are held together by metallic bands or other suitable means, the
whole is then placed in an open work iron box or casing; the said box
or casing may however be dispensed with if necessary. The bars which
form the grate and the front of the fire-box are inserted and fixed in the
slabs themselves. The stove thus constructed can either be placed in
the apartment or in the fire-place, in which case a space should be
allowed between the stove and the brickwork in order that the air of the
apartment may circulate freely all around the said stove.
I will now proceed to describe the manner in which I obtain the air
or draught sufficient for the combustion of the fuel which is being
consumed in the above described stove.
Firstly. When slow combustion is required I proceed as follows:-—A
pipe or flue is placed through the wall of the apartment, bringing air
from the outside of the building over the fuel which in this case is
lighted from the top, the smoke and gases resulting from the combustion
of the said fuel do not go straight up into the chimney, but are brought
therein by a pipe or flue going from the bottom of the stove under the
grate to the chimney; thus a regular current of fresh air coming from
the outside of the building passes through the ignited fuel, and escapes
charged with the smoke and gases under the grate by the chimney. A
valve is provided in the pipe or flue bringing the air from the outside,
by which the quantity of air may be regulated. When the air is made
to act in the above described manner the top of the stove is closed, and
a box is provided in the said top into which a coiled shutter is enclosed.
The said coiled shutter is let down in front of the stove when the fire is
being lighted in order to start the draught, and when the said draught
is obtained the shutter is coiled up again into the box. If necessary a
good ventilator is placed at the top of the chimney. The front space
under the grate is kept closed by means of a door or drawer in order that
the ashes and cinders may easily be removed when necessary.
Secondly. When the fire is not required to burn with a slow com-
bustion, the flue or pipe which brings the air for the said combustion is;
placed under the grate and is also provided with a regulating valve, the
front of the under part of the said grate is provided with the door or

page_text: drawer above described. The outlet for smoke and gases is placed at
the top of the stove and goes direct into the chimney. In this case the
air comes by the pipe or flue under the grate, passes through the fuel,.
and goes up into the chimney charged with the smoke and gases
resulting from the combustion of the said fuel.
It will easily be understood that a stove constructed in either of the
above described manners will give out a great quantity of heat, not only
by the radiation of burning fuel, but also from the air which is heated
by circulating round the said stove whether it be placed inside the fire-
place or otherwise. Again, none of the heated air of the apartment will
go up the chimney with the gases resulting from the combustion of the
fuel, or will be used to entertain the said combustion, the said air
necessary for the combustion being brought from the outside of the
building all draughts from doors, windows, or other openings will be
avoided.
I would remark in conclusion that the slabs which form the stove
may be made with a reflecting surface in order that all the heat resulting
either from the burning fuel or from the flames issuing therefrom may
be sent fully into the apartment.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said William Lutwyche in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
LUTWYCHE, of Lower Clapton, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Lutwyche, Her
special licence that I, the said William Lutwyche, my executors.
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Lutwyche, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any.
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
'

page_text: increase the draught. The air for the combustion of the fuel is brought
from the outside of the building underneath the grate by a flue M,
Figure 1, and the draught regulated by the valve N. In this case the
front of the stove underneath the grate is closed by a plate O. When
the stove is placed inside an ordinary fire-place, the flue P, Figures 1, 3,
and 4 for the outlet of the gases and smoke is fixed at the top, but
when the stove is not placed in the fire-place this flue is fixed at the
back or sides, as shown in dotted lines at P', Figures 1 and 3.
Figure 2 shows an arrangement of flues by means of which a slow com-
bustion of the fuel is obtained. In this arrangement the flue M brings
the air from the outside of the building over the fuel (as shown by the
arrows) which in this case must be lighted from the top, and the flue Q
placed underneath the grate conveys the gases and smoke into the
chimney.
Figure 3 shows the stove constructed by means of the fire-clay
slabs A, B, C, D, but taking the air for the combustion of the fuel from
the apartment in which it is placed.
"
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
"Improvements in the Construction of Stoves," and the means whereby
it may be effected, I would remark in conclusion that I do not intend to
limit or confine myself to the precise details or form of stove before
described, but what I claim as my Invention and desire to secure by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, constructing stoves,
substantially as described and represented.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lutwyche, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four