IMPROVEMENTS IN SLUBBING, ROVING, AND JACK FRAMES EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Shaw, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, and Richard Dixon, of the same Place, Machine Maker,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SLUBBING, ROVING, AND JACK FRAMES
EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 5th April 1855, and dated the 11th October 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Shaw and Richard
Dixon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 11th October 1854.
We, THOMAS SHAW, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, and RICHARD DIXON, of the same Place, Machine Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SLUBBING,
ROVING, AND JACK FRAMES EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an arrangement for giving a greater amount of
stability to the spindles and flyers used in the spinning of cotton and other
fibrous substances. This is effected by the use of a detaching stay or lever,
working on a joint attached to the beam of the machine, and resting at the
other end on the top of the flyer, which revolves within an eye made in the
end of the stay; by this means the vibration caused by the speed at which
the machine is worked is greatly modified, and a much higher speed may be
obtained without injury: This lever is also used to lift the flyer off the spindle

page_text: when the bobbin has to be removed. This is effected by having all or part of
the stays in the machine attached together by means of an iron rod running
the length of the machine, and by raising this rod either at one or both
ends, the whole of the flyers are raised at once instead of singly, as at
present.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Shaw and Richard Dixon in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th April 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
SHAW, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and RICHARD
DIXON, of the same Place, Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of IIer
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Thomas Shaw and Richard Dixon, Her special license that we, the said
Thomas Shaw and Richard Dixon, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Thomas Shaw and Richard Dixon, our
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, witbin
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SLUBBING, ROVING, AND
JACK FRAMES EMPLOYED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas
Shaw and Richard Dixon, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Shaw and Richard Dixon, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-

page_text: Our said Invention relates to a simple and effective arrangement for giving
a greater amount of stability to the spindles and flyers used in the spinning of
cotton and other fibrous substances, and consists in the employment of a
detaching stay or lever, working on a joint attached to the beam of the machine,
and resting at the other end on the top of the flyer, which revolves within a
bush or bearing fitted into the free end of the stay or lever. By this arrange-
ment the vibration caused by the speed at which the machine is worked is
greatly modified or reduced, and consequently a much higher speed may be
obtained without detriment to the article produced. This stay or lever is used
also to lift the flyer off the spindle when the bobbin has to be removed. This
is effected by having all or part of the stays or levers in the machine attached
together by means of a rod running the entire length of the machine, and by
raising or turning this rod at one or both ends, the whole of the flyers are
raised at once, instead of singly as at present. An arrangement is also
adopted, however, for raising each stay or lever singly and independantly of its
neighbour, when requisite.
And in order that our said Invention may be more readily understood, we
shall now proceed to describe and refer to the several Figures on the Sheet
of Drawings hereunto attached, the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts throughout all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a side view of a detaching stay or
lever supporting a spindle and flyer of a slubbing frame; Figure 2 is a plan of
the same; and Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 are full-sized details, which will be herein-
after more fully described and referred to. A is the detaching stay or lever,
which works by a fork joint B on the rod C, running the whole length of the
machine, and supported in bearings or brackets D, attached to the beam of the
slubbing, roving, or jack frame. The lever A rests at its free end on the top
of the flyer E, which has a collar formed upon it, revolving in the bush F.
This bush is made in two pieces, jointed or hinged together at G, and carried
on pivots H between the forks I of the free end of the lever; by this means
the top of the flyer is held steady and firm during its rotation at whatever
speed it may be driven, without the vibration hitherto found so obnoxious. The
bush F may be tightened up when requisite by the transverse screw pin J, so
that the top of the flyer may work therein without jarring or vibration. These
stays or levers are used also for lifting off the flyers from the spindles when the
bobbins have to be removed. This may be effected by partially turning round
the rod C, which, by means of the tail pieces K fixed thereon, will have the
effect of raising the whole of the stays, or levers simultaneously. In order to
admit of each stay being raised singly, the stays are all jointed loosely on to the

page_text: rod C by the fork B, shewn in full-sized longitudinal and vertical section at
Figures 3 and 6 respectively. The central boss L, shewn in detail at Figure 4,
is made fast on the rod C by a small set screw M, or other convenient arrange-
ment, and on the boss is formed the tail K, herein-before referred to, which
bears against the under side of and raises the levers or stays A.
A ring groove
or recess is formed in each side of the fixed boss, and into this groove is inserted
a single coil of a spiral spring N, shewn in Figures 4 and 5. These two springs
tend to press outwards against the inner sides of the fork B, B, which embraces
the boss. By this means a certain amount of friction is produced, which serves
to hold up the lever, or keep it elevated after it has been raised, until it is again
pressed down by the hand of the attendant. The arrangement of the fixed
boss K, springs N, and fork B, is clearly shewn by the detail section, Figure 6.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, we would observe, in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict our-
selves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion to
describe or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without deviating
from the principles or main features of our said Invention; but what we consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,--
First, the application and use of detaching stays or levers, working on one
common fixed centre at one end, and supporting the top of the flyers at the
other end of such stays or levers, for the purpose of steadying and checking the
vibrations of such flyers in slubbing, roving, and jack frames when driven at a
high velocity.
Second, the system or mode of simultaneously raising the whole of the flyers
in slubbing, roving, and jack frames, by nieans of stays or levers, attached to
the tops of the flyers, and working on one common fixed centre, supported
by the beam of the machine.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Shaw and Richard Dixon, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, the Fifth day of April, in the year
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Signed and sealed in the presence of
WILL. GILBERTSON, Sol, Preston.
THOS SHAW.
(I..S.)
RICH. DIXON. (L.S.)