IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Soap Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE."
Sealed the 7th January 1859, and dated the 9th July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Constantine Nicolaus
Kottula at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 9th July 1858.
I, CONSTANTINE NICOLAUS KOTTULA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Soap Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE," to be as follows:-
My Invention.consists in the employment in the manufacture of manure of
a compound of dissolved resin or resin saponified with alkaline lye and lime,
whether the resin be dissolved or saponified, and the materials be combined at,
the first or at any subsequent stage of the manufacture.
I employ (by preference) a mixture of resin, alkaline lye and lime as the
basis of any manure to be manufactured, and according to the requirements of
the soil I add thereto or not any known fertilizing agent, such as salt
ammonia, &c., and the manner in which I proceed when using these materials
is this: I take, say, 1 part resin, 2 parts ordinary soap lye, marking say
10° Baumé, and to facilitate the solution of the resin, I find it advantageous

page_text: to add about th part of fat or oil. I boil these ingredients and stir until
the resin is entirely dissolved; heat may then be dispensed with, and while
continuing to stir, I add as much lime, which I prefer to use in the state of
powder produced by exposure of lime to the atmosphere or by slacking until
the lime cracks and powders, as will convert the mass into a doughy or pasty
state of the consistency required. While or after adding lime, I mix into the
mass salt, ammonia, or any other required fertilizing agent, and should the
mixture not be sufficiently dry, I add lime, salt, or other dry matter until it
becomes sufficiently dry to be rubbed into a powder.
I have stated the best means with which I am acquainted for carrying out
my Invention, but do not limit myself thereto, as the same or similar effects
might be produced, for instance, by dissolving resin in oil or fatty or oily matter,
mixing lime therewith, and then, or at some subsequent stage of the manu-
facture of the manure, adding thereto alkaline lye, or substances of which that
lye is composed. The essential feature of my Invention lies in the employment
of dissolved resin and lime in the manufacture of manure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th January 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CONSTANTINE
NICOLAUS KOTTULA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Soap Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, Her special licence that I, the said Constan-
tine Nicolaus Kottula, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula,
my executors or adininistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or

page_text: their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner. the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the employment in the manufacture of manure of
a compound of dissolved resin or resin saponified with alkaline lye and lime,
whether the resin be dissolved or saponified, and the materials be combined at
the first or at any subsequent stage of the manufacture.
I employ (by preference) a mixture of resin, alkaline lye, and lime as the
basis of any manure to be manufactured, and according to the requirements of
the soil, I add thereto or not any known fertilizing agent, such as salt,
ammonia, &c., and the manner in which I proceed when using these materials
is this: I take, say, 1 part resin, 2 parts ordinary soap lye, maaking, say,
10° Beaumé, and to facilitate the solution of the resin, I find it advantageous
to add about th part of fat or oil. I boil these ingredients, and stir until
the resin is entirely dissolved; heat may then be dispensed with, and while
continuing to stir, I add as much lime, which I prefer to use in the state of
powder, produced by exposure of lime to the atmosphere, or by slacking until
the lime cracks and powders, as will convert the mass into a doughy or pasty
state of the consistency required. While or after or adding lime, I mix into the
mass salt, ammonia, or any other required fertilizing agent, and should the
mixture not be sufficiently dry, I add lime, salt, or other dry matter, until it
becomes sufficiently dry to be rubbed into a powder.
I have stated the best means with which I am acquainted for carrying out
my Invention, but do not limit myself thereto, as the same or similar effects
might be produced, for instance, by dissolving resin in oil or fatty or oily matter,
mixing lime therewith, and then or at some subsequent stage of the manu-
facture of the manure, adding thereto alkaline lye or substances of which that
Jye is composed. The essential feature of my Invention lies in the employ-
ment of dissolved resin and lime in the manufacture of manure.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the employment in the manufacture of manure of a compound of
dissolved resin or resin saponified with alkali and lime..

page_text: Second, the employment in the manufacture of manure of dissolved resin,
or resin saponified with alkali, as a basis combined with any other suitable
fertilizing agent or agents, or which when combined with the. resin will
form a fertilizing agent.
In witness whereof, I, the said Constantine Nicolaus Kottula, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of January, One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
CONST. N. KOTTULA. (L.S.)