A HYDRO-PNEUMATIC PUMP
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Gabriel Jarre, of No. 37, Boulevard
Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer, for the
Invention of "A HYDRO-PNEUMATIC PUMP."
Sealed the 18th June 1869, and dated the 21st December 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierre Gabriel Jarre
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st December 1868.
I, PIERRE GABRIEL JARRE, of No. 37, Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle,
Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A HYDRO-PNEUMATIC PUMP," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to provide a means of employing any
given motive power for drawing liquid from a spot which may be far
from the motor, and of conducting it automatically wherever desired.
I have attained my object by the combined arrangements herein-after
described, and as the advantages which will in numerous cases result
from the use of my Invention will become apparent from the following

page_text: description it is needless to dwell upon them. The liquid it drawn from
the place where it is found and forced to the place where it is required
without the use of a single apparatus which cannot be easily inspected
and repaired.
Near the selected motor I place an ordinary air pump, the piston of
which sucks and forces air; two pipes, the one conducting the drawn or
sucked and the other the forced or compressed air, pass from this pump
to the place from which the liquid is to be taken. A little above the level
of this liquid is a reservoir communicating by a pipe with the liquid to be
drawn, and by another pipe with the spot to which it is to be conducted.
Each of these pipes is furnished with an ordinary clack valve working
so that the liquid sucked into the reservoir cannot return, and that the
liquid forced from the reservoir cannot come back into it. The
lid of this reservoir carries two apparatuses, the distributor and the
float.
Distributor. The distributor is composed of two cylindrical pipes, the
axis of each meeting at right angles, this combination of pipes may be
dismounted in two pieces it being cut by a plane passing through the
two axis. Each piece has at the ends two circular straps or flanges to
receive the valve chambers. On the side by which the compressed air
arrives, say the loft side, a valve plays between two seats, so as to cause
the forced or compressed air to communicate either with the reservoir or
the outer air. On the right two valves fixed on the same axle play in
such a manner that when the one is open the other is closed, and thus
cause the suction to communicate either with the outer air or with the
reservoir. The axles of the valves are linked to a vertical rod by means
of two small connecting rods, the axles being guided by the seats of the
valve. Supposing the rod to be moved by an impulsion acting from
below upwards the compressed air will communicate with the reservoir,
and the suction with the atmosphere. If on the contrary the rod
receives an impulsion acting from above downwards it will pull the
two axles, and the compressed air will communicate with the atmosphere
and the suction with the reservoir.. I would here remark that in con-
sequence of this arrangement the excess of pressure tends to close the
two valves and insure the play of the apparatus, and I will now explain
in what manner the vertical rod receives impulsion upwards or downwards,
this result being obtained by the float.

page_text: arrangement is a surcharge on the float which lowers all the more. The
vase being empty the float redescends and the liquid is again sucked in.
With this apparatus the liquid is sucked, then forced intermittently by
adding a second reservoir to that which I have just described, and so
placing the distributor that the suction communicates with the one
when the compression communicates with the other a continuous action
will be obtained without any alteration of the arrangements above
described.
It should be observed that the pump, properly so called, is not in
contact with the liquid on which it operates; often a very important 1
advantage, for example, to avoid the action of the liquid on the pump
and the effect of frost.
Finally, all the pieces in the reservoir work without friction or other
cause of disarrangement.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Pierre Gabriel Jarre in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 18th June 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PIERRE
GABRIEL JARRE, of No. 37, Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris, in the
Empire of France, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Pierre Gabriel Jarre, Her
special licence that I, the said Pierre Gabriel Jarre, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Pierre Gabriel
Jarre, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A HYDRO-PNEUMATIC PUMP," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Pierre Gabriel Jarre, my executors or administrators, by an

page_text: instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pierre Gabriel Jarre, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to tlie accom-
panying Sheet of Drawing, and to the figures and letters of reference
marked thereon:-
The object of my Invention is to provide a means of employing any
given motive power for drawing liquid from a spot which may be far
from the motor and of conducting it automatically wherever desired.
I have attained my object by the combined arrangements herein-after
described, and as the advantages which will in numerous cases result
from the use of my Invention will become apparent from the following
description it is needless to dwell upon them. The liquid is drawn from
the place where it is found and forced to the place where it is required
without the use of a single apparatus which connot be easily inspected
and repaired.
Near the selected motor I place an ordinary air pump the piston of
which sucks and forces air, two pipes the one conducting the drawn or
sucked and the other the forced or compressed air pass from this pump
to the place from which the liquid is to taken. A little above the
level of this liquid is a reservoir communicating by a pipe with the
liquid to be drawn and by another pipe with the spot to which it is to
be conducted. Each of these pipes (indicated on the Drawing by the
letter D) is furnished with an ordinary clack valve working so that the
liquid sucked into the reservoir cannot return, and that the liquid forced
from the reservoir cannot come back into it. The lid of this reservoir
carries two apparatuses, the distributor and the float.
Distributor. The distributor is composed of two cylindrical pipes, the
axis of each meeting at right angles, this combination of pipes may be
dismounted in two pieces it being cut by a plane passing through the
Each piece is indicated by the letter M and has two circular
two axes.

page_text: flanges or thimbles to receive the valve chambers R. On the side by
which the compressed air arrives, the left side on the diagrams, a valve
plays between two seats so as to cause the forced or compressed air to
communicate either with the reservoir or the outer air. On the right two
valves fixed on the same axle play in such a manner that when the one
is open the other is closed, and thus cause the suction to communicate
either with the outer air or with the reservoir. The axles of the
valves A are linked to a vertical rod T by means of two small con-
necting rods B, the axles being guided by the actual seats of the
valve. Supposing the rod T to be moved by an impulsion acting, from
below upwards (as is shown on the annexed Drawing), the compressed
air will communicate with the reservoir, and the suction with the
atmosphere. If on the contrary the rod T receives an impulsion acting
from above downwards it will pull the two axles and the compressed
air will communicate with the atmosphere and the suction with the
reservoir. It is needless to observe that in consequence of this arrange-
ment the excess of pressure tends to close the two valves and ensure the
play of the apparatus; and I will now explain in what manner the
vertical rod T receives impulsion upwards or downwards, this result
being obtained by the float:
Float. This apparatus is composed of a vase V open at the top and
fixed by means of four rods to the lid of the reservoir, so that it cannot
shift its position. At the upper part of this vase is a small syphon, the
highest part of which is about th of an inch above the horizontal plane
passing by the edge of the vase. Below is another siphon, the main
branch of which descends to within a little more than an inch from the
bottom of the reservoir; this main branch plunges into a float of
annular section, the capacity of which is such that when plunged into.
the liquid it exerts a lifting power capable of equilibrizing and more the
height of the liquid taken from the end of the main branch of the
siphon to the edge of the vase. At the bottom of the tube surrounding
the main branch of the siphon is an india-rubber washer which comes over
and blocks up the orifice of the siphon. Lastly, there plunges into the
vase the float, properly so called, P tied to the vertical rod T, its weight.
is such that it may open the valves of the distributor and exert upon
each of them a pressure of rather more than one pound, and its capacity
such that plunging into the liquid its uprising effort produces the same
result.

page_text: Suppose now the reservoir to be completely empty the weight of
the float P will bring the valves of the distributor so as to put the
suction in communication with the reservoir and the compressed air in
communication with the atmosphere. The air pump working a vacuum
will be produced in the reservoir and the liquid will rise into it. This
liquid will first lift the float G and close the vase V below, then still
rising it will pour over the orifice of this vase and fill it. The small upper
siphon Z is intended to ensure the filling of this vase in case the liquid
flowing in should be equal in quantity to that sucked into the reservoir.
The vase V being full the float P will rise and bring the valves of the
distributor so as to put the compressed air in communication with the
reservoir and the suction in communication with the atmosphere,
the liquid will be driven from the reservoir by one of the pipes D, and
in lowering it cannot leave the vase V, nothing will be altered until the
small float G lowers, at which moment the main branch of the lower
siphon opening the vase V will empty itself. To ensure this action the
float G has soldered to it a washer G¹ pierced with holes, the total section
of which is sufficient to permit the escape of the liquid retained by this
washer when it lowers in the reservoir, but insufficient to charge the
siphon. The result of this arrangement is a surcharge on the float G
which lowers all the more. The vase V being empty the float P
redescends and the liquid is again sucked in. With this apparatus the
liquid is sucked, then forced intermittently by adding a second reservoir
to that which I have just described, and so placing the distributor that
the suction communicates with the one when the compression com-
municates with the other, a continuous action will be obtained without
any alteration of the arrangements above described.
It should be observed that the pump, properly so called, is not in
contact with the liquid on which the suction takes place, often a very
important advantage, for example, to avoid the action of the liquid on
the pump and the effect of frost.
Finally, all the pieces in the reservoir work without friction or other
cause of disarrangement.
What I claim as the Invention secured to me, as aforesaid, is the
combination of an air pump with a reservoir and distributing and float
apparatus, constructed and arranged substantially as herein described

page_text: and illustrated on the annexed Drawing, the entire combination con-
stituting a hydro-pneumatic pump, the motive power for working which
need not be in proximity to the liquid to be pumped and may be of any
kind.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Gabriel Jarre, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
P. G. JARRE. (L.S.)