Improvements in Dynamo-electric Machines and Electric Motors.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1890-Accepted, 8th Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by LUDWIG GUTMANN, of Pittsburgh, County of
Alleghany, Pennsylvania, Electrical Engineer.]
Improvements in Dynamo-electric Machines and Electric Motors.
I CARL BOLLÉ of 119 Plymouth Grove Chorlton on Medlock Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to dynamo-electric machines and motors and consists in an
improved arrangement or construction of the armature and certain details of said
arrangement the invention being more particularly intended for dynamo-electric
machines for the generation of alternating electric current.
Heretofore in dynamos and motors it has been difficult to so design the same that
the proximity of the armature and field coils is at a maximum. By this invention the
greatest inductive influence probably possible is obtained by placing flat coils on the
inner surface of a cylindrical tube to serve as the armature coils and by placing
within the tube a rotary field magnet having poles which all but touch the flat coils.
The flat coils are made by passing the wire backwards and forwards across the
said surface, the wire changing its direction or being bent at and on the ends of
said tube.
The mechanical construction of the improved armature and coil is exhibited on the
five sheets of drawings appended hereunto in which figure 1 is a view in elevation of
a portion one modification of the iron core of the armature; Figure 2 is a similar
view of another modification of the same; figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of
the armature shown in figures 1 and 2 showing also a view of the coil and of the
bolts which sustain the coil and of the bolt which secures together the iron plates of
which the core is composed; figure 3ª represents three varieties of bolts for holding
the coil to the core the said bolts being shown in a rectangular direction to that in
which are shown the bolts in figure 3; figure 4 at the left shows an insulating piece
for supporting a portion of the coil and at the right is shown a side view of the same
while at the middle is shown a modification of the same;
Figure 5, sheet 2 shows a portion of the rotary field magnet and some of the coil
thereon; figure 6 shows different forms of supports for the coil and adapted to be
attached to the radial spokes of the field magnet shaft; figure 7 is a diagram of the
manner of winding the field magnet.
Figures 8, 9 and 10 are rectangular views of the coil employed in the armature as
more fully hereinafter described.
Figure 11, sheet 3, is a view in elevation of the complete machine, as to one side,
while figure 12, sheet 4, is a similar view of an adjacent side, showing the exciter and
translating devices in circuit, the former being connected in such a manner as to
excite the rotary coils. The same exciter is shown in figure 11. Figure 13, sheet 5,
is a view of the stationary coils removed from the core so that the electric connections
are better exhibited.
Figure 14 shows the collector on an enlarged scale showing how the terminals of
the coils are secured to the collector.
The core of the armature is preferably built up of iron pieces a, made either straight
as in figure 2, or curved as in figure 1 and with projections b. pointing to the centre
of the armature and shown in figure 2, or without such projections as shown in
figure 1. The pieces a are held together by means of bolts screws or similar
fastening devices. One of these bolts is shown at c in figure 3. Space is left between
017

page_text: g.
some of the pieces or segments a for the passage of bolts d, having nuts e. on the
upper ends and supporting arc-shaped arms or bends f. on their lower ends, the said
arms being shown in full view in figure 3. The, supporting arms or bends may be
formed on or rigidly attached to a central bolt d, or with a bolt at each end, or with a
bolt at each end and one or more bolts between the ends, these three modifications
being shewn by figure 3.-These arms or bends press against the coil on its under-
side and thus serve to hold the same to the core. The coil is marked with the letter
On the sides of the core are insulating supports h, also shewn in figure 3, and
consisting of a grooved piece of insulating substance, attached by bolts or screws i. to
the core.
The conductor forming the coil passes through the groove of the support h,
on one side of the core, and then under the lower side of the core, and then through
the groove of the support h, on the other side of the core, and then back again and
several times over the same course until there is a coil of a similar form to that shown
in three views by figures 8, 9, and 10 in front view, side view and top view
respectively. The bends of the conductor over the support at the side of the armature
are shown rectangular on figure 9 but are preferably made semicircular as shown on
figures 4, 12 and 13.
It will be noticed that the core is of such a form that most of the conductor is on
the under side of the core, i.e. on that side which is nearest the field magnet, which is
shown in figure 5, and is adapted to be located within the ring armature, which is
shown in part in figure 1. In practice, the coil is made of greater length..in pro-
portion to its height than shown in figures 8, 9, and 10, so that the greater. portion of
the conductor can be exposed to the field magnets. The proportion is shown about
right in figure 3.
At the middle of figure 4, is shown a double insulating support so that the amount
of wire in said coil may be increased.
The coil of the armature may be described conveniently as a flat coil of conductor
having two opposite portions parallel to each other and at right angles to the plane of
the coil.
The rotary field magnet consists of the combination of a shaft j. having radial spokes l.
and arc-shaped pieces of iron m. with outwardly pointing projections n. the arc-shaped
pieces being adapted to be secured to the spokes by bolts passing through the holes o.
The coil p. is wound successively upon the arc-shaped pieces m. as shown in outline in
figure 7. Two projections n. and one arc-shaped piece m. taken together form a horse
shoe magnet after the coil p. is wound thereon.
The electrical features in the application of the dynamo, consist of the combination
of an exciting dynamo A; conductors therefrom to the collector of the dynamo
proper; binding posts C. and D. on top of the stationary coils g. and connected with
the terminal wires E and F respectively of the said field magnet; conductors G
connecting the coils g, in series with one another; terminals J and K for the rotating
coils p. inserted respectively into the rings H and I of the collector B.
To adapt this form of dynamo for a motor, the chief differences in the relation
of the cores of the stationary armature and the revolving field magnets, are that
while in the dynamo the magnets are bulky and of larger weight and section, than
the armature, this is reversed in the case of the motor, the stationary armature being
constructed to have a larger sectional area than in the dynamo, and the core weight
of the motor armature being preferably greater than the weight of the revolving
field magnets.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, an armature core constructed of
superposed layers of iron, divided in vertical plane into two or more separate rings
by air space; bolts passed between said separate rings in said air space; a coil lying

page_text: against the inner surface of said core and projections on said bolts pressing against
said coil substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
2. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor attachment pieces for supporting the
armature coils each consisting of an arc-shaped strip or bend f. pressing against
the winding g. and formed with a centrally placed bolt d provided with a thread and
a nut e. for firmly securing the winding g. to the core substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated.
3. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, attachment pieces for supporting the
armature winding each consisting of an arc-shaped strip or bend f pressing against
the coil g. and one two or more rods or bolts d rigidly secured to the said strip or
bend and radially diverting from it and provided with a thread and a nut for
securely fastening the winding to the core, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated.
4. In a dynamo, the combination of a stationary armature consisting of two or
more parallel ring cores each ring core constructed in sections and each section
provided with holes for the reception of bolts; a second set of bolts passing between
the said parallel ring cores and provided with projections which press against a flat
winding of the armature; the said winding being subdivided into coils and wound
and retained permanently against the inner periphery of the iron ring core and
overlapping and attached at the sides, and a suitable field magnet, rotary and located
centrally to the armature, substantially as herein before described.
5. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor an arınature core constructed of separate
laminae or sheet iron provided with holes for the reception of retaining bolts, said
iron core being divided into two or more parallel rings by separating air space; bolts
located between the rings in said air spaces; the armature coil lying against the
inner surface of said core and projections to said bolts pressing against said coil,
substantially as herein before described.
6. la a dynamo-electric machine or motor, the combination of a stationary ring
armature, insulating grooved pieces on each side of the core of said armature; and a
conductor wound through said grooves and back and forth upon the inner surface of
said armature; and retaining bolts passing through said armature, and provided with
projections which press against the said conductor substantially as hereinbefore
described.
7. In a dynamo-electric machine or motor, the combination of a stationary
armature constructed in sections, each section consisting of pieces of iron provided
with holes for the reception of bolts passing between the said pieces of iron and
provided with projections which press against a flat winding of the armature; the
said winding being subdivided into coils and wound and retained permanently against
the inner periphery of the iron ring core, overlapping and attached at the sides,
and a suitable field magnet, rotary and located so that the magnet poles are adapted
to just escape the said coil, substantially as hereinbefore described.
8. In a dynamo, the combination of a stationary armature constructed in sections,
each section consisting of pieces of iron provided with holes for the reception of
retaining bolts, a second set of bolts passing between the said sections and provided
with projections which press against a flat winding of the armature; the said winding
being subdivided into coils and wound and retained permanently against the inner
periphery of the iron ring core, overlapping and attached at the sides and a suitable
field magnet, rotary and located so that the magnet poles are adapted to just escape
the said winding substantially as hereinbefore described.
9. In a dynamo or motor, the combination of a stationary armature constructed in
sections, each section consisting of pieces of iron provided with holes for the recep-
tion of retaining bolts; a second set of bolts passing between the said pieces of iron
and provided with projections which press against a flat coil of the armature; the
said coil passing back and forth across the inner surface of the armature and retained

page_text: permanently against the said surface; and a suitable field magnet rotary and located
so that its magnet poles are adapted to just escape the said coil, substantially as
herein before described.
Dated this 20th do f
1000
C. BOLLÉ,
Applicant.