AN IMPROVED QUARTZ CRUSHER OR MILL PROVISIONAL SP
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Horatio Sutherland of 66 Holborn Viaduct in the City
of London for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED QUARTZ CRUSHER OR MILL
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Horatio Sutherland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1883.
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HORATIO SUTHERLAND of 66 Holborn Viaduct in the City of London AN
IMPROVED QUARTZ CRUSHER OR MILL TO BE USED FOR CRUSHING AND PULVERIZING
QUARTZ AND OTHER MINERALS AND MATERIALS
"
This Invention has for its object an improved quartz crusher or mill to be used
for crushing and pulverizing quartz and other minerals and materials.
The improved crusher or mill consists of two main parts, one a cast metal block
with a cavity in it in form like a mortar and the other another cast block like a
pestle. The latter is contained within the former and nearly fits it except as
hereinafter stated.
The first block is stationary and an axis passing up through its centre and
driven by water or steam power or in any convenient manner carries the second
block.
The upper parts of the two blocks are corrugated where their surfaces are
opposed and the corrugations which may be either vertical or inclined are formed
upon rings which are capable of being removed in order that the rings may be
replaced by others when they become worn. The corrugations are large at the
upper parts of the rings where the material fed into the crusher or mill first
comes into contact with them but become smaller as they descend; intermediate
corrugations are introduced into the spaces then left between the main
corrugations.
.
There is a space or interval between the blocks of about the same depth as the
rings and this is about half the height of the inner block. This space or interval
is comparatively wide all around at the top where the material enters and becomes

page_text: narrower in descending, tapering away to nothing at the lower edges of the rings.
Below this the inner block fits to the outer except at the bottom around the axis;
here the inner block is recessed to leave a cavity and the outer block is perforated
with passages communicating with the cavity. By these passages the quartz or
material when reduced sufficiently small passes out of the apparatus.
A number of indentations may also be formed on the lower part of the inner
block, these are useful where the material to be treated contains hard and soft
portions as the hard material becomes embedded in the indentations and aids in
reducing the other and softer parts. The axis is supported at the bottom upon a
spring and is set down at the top by an adjustable screw pivot. The upper
block can thus be confined more or less closely against the lower block according
to the degree of fineness to which it is desired that the materials should be
reduced.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Horatio Sutherland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th December 1883.
"AN
HORATIO SUTHERLAND of 66 Holborn Viaduct in the City of London
IMPROVED QUARTZ CRUSHER OR MILL TO BE USED FOR CRUSHING AND PULVERISING
QUARTZ AND OTHER MINERALS AND MATERIALS."
This Invention has for its object an improved quartz crusher or mill to be used
for crushing and pulverising quartz and other minerals and materials.
The improved crusher or mill consists of two main parts, one a cast metal block
with a cavity in it in form like a mortar and the other another cast block like a
pestle. The latter is contained within the former and nearly fits it except as
herein-after stated.
The first block is stationery and an axis passing up through its centre and
driven by water or steam power or in any convenient manner carries the second
block.
The upper parts of the two blocks are corrugated where their surfaces are
opposed and the corrugations which may be either vertical or inclined are formed
upon rings which are capable of being removed in order that the rings may be
replaced by others when they become worn. The corrugations are large at the
upper parts of the rings where the material fed into the crusher or mill first
comes into contact with them but become smaller as they descend; intermediate
corrugations are introduced into the spaces then left between the main
corrugations.
There is a space or interval between the blocks of about the same depth as the
rings and this is about half the height of the inner block. This space or interval
is comparatively wide all around at the top where the material enters and becomes
narrower in descending, tapering away to nothing at the lower edges of the rings.
Below this the inner block fits to the outer except at the bottom around the axis;
here the inner block is recessed to leave a cavity and the outer block is perforated
with passages communicating with the cavity. By these passages the quartz or
material when reduced sufficiently small passes out of the apparatus.
A number of indentations may also be formed on the lower part of the inner
block, these are useful where the material to be treated contains hard and soft
portions as the hard material becomes embedded in the indentations and aids in
reducing the other and softer parts. The axis is supported at the bottom upon a
spring and is set down at the top by an adjustable screw pivot. The upper
block can thus be confined more or less closely against the lower block according
to the degree of fineness to which it is desired that the materials should be
reduced.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.

page_text: A and B are the two main parts. A is the outer concave mortar like part
and B, is the inner convex pestle like part.
The part A, is bolted to and carried by the standards C C of the frame. It
may in some cases for convenience of transport be cast in two pieces to meet and
be bolted together about on the line A, B, in Figure 3; or (as these drawings
represent) the principal casting may be all of a piece. The part A receives within
it a chilled cast iron or steel ring a, so formed that it will drop freely into its
place; it is compelled however to rotate together with the main casting by ribs
upon the one part which enter and engage with grooves on the other. Upon the
exterior of the ring a, ridges or corrugations are provided; these as they appear
at the upper part of the ring are seen in Figure 2. As they are continued down-
wards the corrugations taper away and at the lower edge of the ring they disappear,
the ring a, on its lower edge being truly circular within. Between these main
corrugations other secondary corrugations are introduced, they rise gradually from
the hollows between the main corrugations and extend from the middle of the
ring to its lower edge. They are similar in form to the lower parts of the main
corrugations and occupy positions midway between them.
When the ring a becomes worn it can readily be removed and replaced by a
new ring with little loss of time and at a small cost.
a a¹ are holes they are formed at the base of a rising part or projection in the
centre of the bottom of the part A where the pestle part B, does not closely fit.
The ground or reduced quartz or material passes out from the apparatus by
these holes a', and may be in some cases aided in doing so by a stream of water
introduced at the top between the parts A and B. The part B is cast with a
passage through it into which the vertical shaft D is received; it is fixed firmly
upon this shaft which for a portion of its length is square. The part B is
provided with a ring b, similar to the ring a but with exterior corrugations; this
ring also when it becomes worn is intended to be removed and replaced by a new
ring.
The shaft D, passes by a circular hole through the bottom of the part A, and is
stepped into a cup bearing which is carried upon the top of the spring E, the
spring E, is sufficiently strong to sustain the shaft D and the parts upon it in such
a position that the part B, does not rest by its weight upon the part A, but the
shaft can be set down to any extent desired by a screw F passing through a cross
bar which connects the standards C, C,. The screw bears upon the top of the
shaft D, and by means of it the apparatus may be set to obtain any desired degree
of reduction of the quartz or material passed through. G is another cross bar of
the frame on which there is a bearing to support the shaft D. H, is a bevilled
wheel upon the shaft near its upper end. I is a bevilled pinion in gear with the
wheel H, it is fixed upon the horizontal axis K and this is carried by the frame
in the manner indicated. On the axis K also are pulleys K¹ K¹ to receive a
driving belt.
By this belt power is transmitted to the machine from any convenient motor,
the axis K being made to rotate say at a speed of three hundred revolutions in
the minute. L is a fly wheel upon the axis K. A shield M seen in Figure 3 is
provided, it covers the part B and is inclined in such manner as to direct the
material thrown upon it, and which has previously been reduced to pieces of a
suitable size, into the space between the main crushing' parts of the mechanism.
N is a stationary covering ring to prevent portions of the material from being
projected out from between the crushing parts.
Sometimes I provide in the lower parts of the castings A and B, small cavities
of any convenient form into which hard portions of the material may embed
themselves and so aid in the reduction of softer parts.
Having thus described the nature of my said invention and the manner of
performing the same I would have it understood that I claim —
First. My improved quartz crusher or mill substantially as described.
214

page_text: Second. The mortar and pestle parts A and B the one revolving in proximity to
the other and both being corrugated at their upper parts where there is a space
between them and 6tting together below substantially as described.
Third. The mortar and pestle parts A and B provided at their upper parts with
renewable wearing rings a and b, substantially as described.
Fourth. The mortar and pestle parts A and B adapted to fit the one to the
other at the lower part except around the centre or axis where apertures are
provided for the escape of the ground or reduced material substantially as
described.
In witness whereof I the said Horatio Sutherland have hereunto set my hand
and seal this third day of December in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
HORATIO SUTHERLAND (LS.)