ImprOVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENGINES WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Simpson and Alfred Gardner, both of
Ilford, in the County of Essex, for the Invention of “ImprOVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENGINES WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE
POWER"
'
Sealed the 4th June 1872, and dated the 7th December 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by the said William Simpson and
Alfred Gardner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th December 1871.
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We, WILLIAM SIMPSON and ALFRED GARDNER, both of Ilford, in the
County of Essex,, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for “IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF Engines Worked BY STEAM OR
OTHER MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-

page_text: April 1870, and numbered 1098, for "Improvements in the Construction
of Engines Worked by Steam or other Motive Power.
Secondly. To improvements in the construction of engines in_com-_
bination with the foregoing improvements.
And, thirdly. To an improved method of working the inlet and outlet
valves of engines so as to dispense with the link motion now employed
for that purpose.
2
And the features of novelty which constitute this present Invention
consist in an improved method of constructing and working the valves of
engines as follows, that is to say :-
We connect two small cylinders with the main cylinder, one to the
inlet and one to the outlet. The said small cylinders are truly bored
and fitted with truly turned piston valves. These piston valves are so
constructed that the pressure between them makes them perfect equi-
librium valves. The aforesaid inlet cylinder is also combined with a
still smaller equilibrium valve, and is connected, with the main steam or
other motive power, or with the condenser, or with both, according to
the construction of the engine. The said, smaller equilibrium valve-is
worked from the main engine shaft, and is also connected above-and-
below the said inlet piston valve, thus causing, the pressure,, or vacuum,
or both, to move the said inlet piston valve according to the require-
ments of the engine. The aforesaid outlet valves are perfect equilibrium
valves, and may be worked in the same manner as the inlet valves; but
we prefer connecting the top and bottom of the main cylinder to each
end of the exhaust or outlet cylinder for its moving power.
4. *
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valve
The operation of an engine of the above construction is as follows:
Supposing steam to be the motive power employed, the steam is admitted
into the small inlet cylinder at full pressure, and from thence to the main
cylinder also at full pressure, where it is cut off or the inlet piston
shut by the action of the small equilibrium valve, thereby causing the
steam to work expansively; while the exhaust or outlet -piston, valve
remains open during the extreme length of the stroke.
We would here observe that in constructing engines with two or more
cylinders, each cylinder must be fitted with a similar arrangement of
valves' to those above described; and may be similarly worked. ‹ '.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Simpson and Alfred Gardner in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 7th June, 1872.
Seal Patent Office on the 7th June, 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
SIMPSON and ALFRED, GARDNER, both of Ilford, in the County of Essex,
send greeting.
"
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"
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Simpson and Alfred Gardner, Her
special licence that we, the said William Simpson and Alfred Gardner,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
William Simpson and Alfred Gardner, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENGINES WORKED BY
STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER," upon, the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said William Simpson and Alfred Gardner, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
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NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Simpson and Alfred
Gardner, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
J.
• C

page_text: of Engines Worked by Steam or other Motive Power.
Secondly. To improvements in the construction of engines in com-
bination with the foregoing improvements.
And, thirdly. To an improved method of working the inlet and outlet
valves of engines so as to dispense with the link motion now employed
for that purpose.
And the features of novelty which constitute this present Invention
consist in an improved method of constructing and working the valves of
engines as follows, that is to say :-
We connect two small cylinders with the main cylinder, one to the
inlet and one to the outlet. The said small cylinders are truly bored
and fitted with truly turned piston valves. These piston valves are so
constructed that the pressure between them makes them perfect equi
librium valves. The aforesaid inlet cylinder is also combined with a
still smaller equilibrium valve, and is connected with the main steam or
other motive power, or with the condenser, or with both, according to
the construction of the engine. The said smaller equilibrium valve is
worked from the main engine shaft, and is also connected above and
below the said inlet piston valve, thus causing the pressure or vacuum,
or both, to move the said inlet piston valve according to the require-
ments of the engine. The aforesaid outlet valves are perfect equilibrium
valves, and may be worked in the same manner as the inlet valves; but
we prefer connecting the top and bottom of the main cylinder to each
end of the exhaust or outlet cylinder for its moving power.
The operation of an engine of the above construction is as follows:-
Supposing steam to be the motive power employed, the steam is admitted
into the small inlet cylinder at full pressure, and from thence to the main
cylinder also at full pressure, where it is cut off or the inlet piston valve
shut by the action of the small equilibrium valve, thereby causing the
steam to work expansively, while the exhaust or outlet piston valve
remains open during the extreme length of the stroke.
We would here observe that in constructing engines with two or more
cylinders each cylinder must be fitted with a similar arrangement of
ihad and may be similarly worked.

page_text: And in order to give a more detailed account of our said Invention we
now proceed to describe the means by which it may be carried into
practice, reference being. had to the illustrative Drawing accompanying
these Presents, and to the letters of reference. marked thereon as
followe
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Drawing represents a sectional elevation of the cylinder of an
inverted engine to be worked by steam or other motive power, and the
manner of arranging and combining therewith slide valves for the ingress
and egress of the motive power according to our said present Invention
and improvements.
3397
A, B, mark two small truly bored cylinders, each connected to the
main cylinder C by the flanges a, a. The cylinder A is connected to
the inlet ports or passages b, and the cylinder B to the outlet ports or
passages c. Dare solid pistons, fitted steam-tight in the cylinders A, B.
E are piston rods, to which the pistons D are securely fixed. G is a
short pipe leading to a steam boiler or other motive-power-reservoir, and
H is another short pipe leading to the exhaust. d, d, are small pipes for
establishing a' communication between the inside of the main cylinder C
and the ends of the small cylinders B for imparting motion to the
pistons D that work therein at the proper time by pressure or vacuum,
or both, as before stated. I is a small equilibrium valve, fitted in a
truly bored cylinder K, which is connected by a pipe ate with a steam
boiler or other reservoir of motive power, or with a condenser, or both, as
before stated; and f, f, are small pipes for establishing a communication
between the cylinder K. and the ends of the cylinder A for imparting
movement to this valve so as to uncover and cover the inlet ports of
the main cylinder at each stroke of the piston thereof.
We would here remark that we propose to construct the valve I in the
manner described and represented by the Specification and Drawing of
the aforesaid former Patent of the 14th day of April 1870.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of our
said Invention for " Improvements in the Construction of Engines
Worked by Steam or other Motive Power," together with the means by
3 which such said improvements may be carried into practical effect, we
hereby declare our Invention to consist in, and we claim,-

page_text: Firstly. The manner of constructing, and arranging the slide valves
of engines worked-by steam or other +motive power as constituting
improvements upon our aforesaid Patent of the 14th day of April 1870.
E....
Secondly. Combining slide valves of the above construction with the
cylinders of engines in the manner above described and represented as
constituting improvements in such said engines.
13
Thirdly and lastly. The manner above described and represented of
working the inlet and outlet valves of engines worked by steam or other
motive power so as to dispense with the link motion now employed for
that purpose as constituting improvements in such said-engines.
in such said-engines, ……..
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In witness whereof, we, the said William Simpson and, Alfred
Gardner, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifth day
of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-two.