IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES FOR THE WHEELS OF CARRIAGES, WAGONS, AND OTHER VEHICLES, AND IN THE BOXES OR BUSHES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William North Morrell, of Knaresborough, in the County
of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLES FOR THE WHEELS OF
CARRIAGES, WAGONS, AND OTHER VEHICLES, AND IN THE BOXES OR BUSHES
FOR THE SAME."
Sealed the 7th October 1876, and dated the 25th April 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William North Morrell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th April 1876.
WILLIAM NORTH MORRELL, of Knaresborough, in the County of York.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN AXLES FOR THE WHEELS OF CARRIAGES, WAGONS, AND OTHER
VEHICLES, AND IN THE BOXES OR BUSHES FOR THE SAME.'
"
Firstly. On any ordinary axle I provide grooves which are made to run either
diagonally or spirally from points from which the oil can be taken to the working
parts of the axle; this has the effect of distributing oil or lubricating substance on
the wearing parts.
Secondly. I provide a box or bush for the axle which when the wheel is in motion
revolves on the axle, and may be made of cast iron, wrought iron, or other suitable
metal. The outside of the larger end of the box or bush is screwed or has a thread
cut thereon to receive a washer or cap. The smaller end of the, box or bush is also
screwed or has a thread cut thereon to receive another washer or cap.
The large
screwed washer is placed on the axle behind the ordinary fast collar and the box or
bush in the front of the fast collar and covering it. The washer is screwed on to
the large end of the box or bush, suitable packing being placed between it and the
axle. By this means all the back lash caused by the wearing can be taken up;
also in a case of breakage of the axle in the front of the collar the bush or box on
which the wheel is placed is kept in position and cannot drop off. The screwed
washer at the small end is made taper, and by it the nave of the wheel is kept
tightly fixed on the bush or box. The washers may be made of brass or any other
suitable metal.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William North Morrell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th
October 1876.
WILLIAM NORTH MORRELL, of Knaresborough, in the County of York. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN AXLES FOR THE WHEELS OF CARRIAGES, WAGONS, AND OTHER
VEHICLES, AND IN THE BOXES OR BUSHES FOR THE SAME."
Firstly. On any ordinary axle I provide grooves which are made to run either
diagonally or spirally from points from which the oil can be taken to the working
parts of the axle; this has the effect of distributing oil or lubricating substance on
the wearing parts.
Secondly. I provide a box or bush for the axle which when the wheel is in motion
revolves on the axle, and may be made of cast iron, wrought iron, or other suitable
metal. The outside of the larger end of the box or bush is screwed or has a thread
cut thereon to receive a washer or cap. The smaller end of the box or bush is also
screwed or has a thread cut thereon to receive another washer or cap. The large
screwed washer is placed on the axle behind the ordinary fast collar and the box or
bush in the front of the fast collar and covering it. The washer is screwed on to
the large end of the box or bush, suitable packing being placed between it and the
axle. By this means all the back lash caused by the wearing can be taken up; also.
in a case of breakage of the axle in the front of the collar the bush or box on which
the wheel is placed is kept in position and cannot drop off. The screwed washer
at the small end is made taper, and by it the nave of the wheel is kept tightly
fixed on the bush or box. The washers may be made of brass or any other suitable
metal.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood reference
is given to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and marks
thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section shewing the axle and the several parts
connected therewith put together in position according to my Invention.
Figure 2 shews the axle separately.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal elevation of the box or bush.
Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 are respectively front and side elevations of various details
to be described hereafter.
Firstly. On an ordinary axle a I provide grooves b which are made to run
diagonally or spirally from points from which the oil can be taken to the working
parts of the axle. This has the effect of distributing or lubricating oil on the
wearing parts.
Secondly. I provide the bush c, which may be made of cast iron, wrought iron,
or other suitable metal; this I recess at d for the reception of oil; from such recess d
the oil may pass along the grooves to the working parts; the outside of the larger
end of the box or bush c is screwed or has a thread cut thereon to receive the cape;
this cape is screwed to a suitable degree of tightness against the collar f, a suitable
packing g of leather or other suitable material being previously placed between
them. By this means all the back lash caused by wearing can be taken up. The
cape is shown separately at Figs. 4 and 5. The advantages of this cap are as
follows: That should the axle a break at its weakest point a¹, or thereabouts, as is
not unfrequently the case, the box or bush c would remain in position, as shown in
Fig. 1, being held there by means of the cap e, preventing thereby the carriage
or other vehicle from upsetting or the wheel coming off. The smaller end of the
box or bush c is also screwed or has a thread cut thereon to receive a taper
washer h; this may be tightened up as much as required upon the nave of the
wheel (it having been previously placed upon the box or bush c), retaining the
wheel thereby in position. This washer h may be made of brass or of any other

page_text: suitable metal or material, and is shewn separately at Figs. 6 and 7. i is an oil
cup of ordinary construction which may be screwed into the box or bush c.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and shewn by Drawings
how the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood that I do
not limit myself to the exact limits, details, or configuration of the parts I have
explained and shewn, as the same may of course be varied or modified without in
any way departing from my Invention; but what I do claim aud desire to be secured
to me by Letters Patent is,
First. The arrangement and construction of cap e in connection with box or
bush e and ordinary axle a, oil grooves b, and washer h, substantially as and for
purposes herein set forth.
Second. The combination of the various parts forming the complete axle, sub-
stantially as and for purposes herein set forthi.
In witness whereof, I, the said William North Morrell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
W. N. MORRELL. (L.S.)