APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRating Cane IMPROVEMENTS IN JUICE AND OTHERICE AND OTHER SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS, AND FOR THE EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Chapman, of the Whitehall Club, London,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRating Cane
IMPROVEMENTS IN
JUICE AND OTHER
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Chapman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st October 1872.
I, ALFRED CHAPMAN, of the Whitehall Club, London, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS For EvaporATING AND CONCENTRATING CANE JUICE
AND OTHER SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS, AND FOR THE EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS," to be
as follows:-
My improvements in apparatus for evaporating and concentrating cane
juice and other saccharine solutions, and for the evaporation of liquids,
relates to improvements in apparatus for carrying out the process of
evaporation known to sugar manufacturers as the triple effect, namely,
having three pans, the evaporation from the first pan being the

page_text: evaporating medium of the second pan, and the evaporation from the
second pan being the evaporating medium of the third pan, the third
pan leading to a condenser.
Now the process as at present carried out requires three separate paus,
and my improvements consist in an apparatus combining three pans in
one to obtain the same result. A triple pan constructed according to
my Invention consists of a pan or vessel composed or built in three
distinct. chambers or divisions, by preference one above the other. Each
chamber is fitted with au evaporating drum, coil, or other suitable
evaporating arrangement. I however prefer to use a drum with vertical
tubes. The drum in the lower or first chamber is heated by steam,
similar to the first pan in the old arrangement before mentioned. The
drum in the second chamber has a pipe which supplies it with the
evaporation or steam from the solutions in the first pan. The steam
caused by evaporation, after being used as a heating medium in the
second drum is led away by a suitable pipe to prevent it falling back
upon the solution in the first division. The evaporation from the solu-
tion in the second division is used as the evaporating medium in the
third or top division, the arrangement of connexion from the second
division to the drum in the third division being similar to that before 1
described in the first and second divisions. The evaporation from the
third division is carried away to a condenser placed on the top or close
to the apparatus.
The advantages attendant upon my improved apparatus in comparison
with those now in use are economy of space, simplicity of construction,
and economy of heat, inasmuch as the evaporating compartments, being
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Chapman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th March 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
OHAPMAN, of the Whitehall Club, London, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alfred Chapman, Her special licence that
I, the said Alfred Chapman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Alfred Chapman, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term.therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRATING CANE JUICE AND OTHER SACCHARINE SOLU-
TIONS, AND FOR THE EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDs," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Alfred Chapman, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters

page_text: evaporating arrangement. I however prefer to use a drum with vertical
tubes. The drum in the lower or first chamber is heated by steam,
similar to the first pan in the old arrangement before mentioned. The
drum in the second chamber has a pipe which supplics it with the
evaporation or steam from the solution in the first pan. The steam 5
caused by evaporation, after being used as a heating medium in the
second drum, is led away by a suitable pipe to prevent it falling back
upon the solution in the first division. The evaporation from the
solution in.the second division is used as the evaporating medium in the
third or top division, the arrangement of connexion from the second 1
division to the drum in the third division being similar to that before
described in the first and second divisions. The evaporation from the
third division is carried away to a condenser on the top or close to the
apparatus.
The advantages attendant upon my improved apparatus in comparison 1
with those now in use are economy of space, simplicity of construction,
and economy of heat, inasmuch as the evaporating compartments being
one above the other have direct and immediate access to the drums.
The beforegoing being the nature and object of my Invention, I will
now proceed to describe more in detail how the same may be carried out 2
into practical effect, and for that purpose I have hereunto attached a
Sheet of Drawings representing sectional elevation of a triple effect pan
constructed according to my Invention as
will enable any person
acquainted with the process to carry the same into practical effect. The
Drawings are drawn to the scale of half an inch to the foot.
2
It will be seen upon reference that the evaporator consists of a
triple pan, or a pan divided into three distinct chambers, namely,
A, B, and C, which may be erected in a suitable building, so that each
division or compartment is contained between the respective floors of the
building, taking E for the ground line, F for the first floor, G for the 3
second floor, H for the third floor. The chambers A, B, and C are
respectively fitted with any suitable evaporating arrangement, such as a
drum with vertical tubes, or a coil, as is well understood. I however
prefer to use a drum, as shown at J, K, L. It will be seen that the
bottom M, M', M³, of each compartment is made concave, and through {
the concave bottom is fitted a pipe N, N', Nº, leading from the compart-
ments to the drums above respectively. The lower drum J is supplied

page_text: with steam or other heating medium through the pipe N in manner
similar to the first pan in the old arrangement of "triple effect," as before
mentioned. The drum K in the chamber B is heated by the evaporation
from the solution in the chamber A which passes through the pipe N'.
The drum L is heated by the evaporation from the solution in the
chamber B which passes through the pipe N'. The chamber C is con-
nected to a condenser, which will be well understood, the whole being
precisely similar to the process known as "triple effect." The chambers
or pans may be filled in the same manner, and and fitted with the same
mountings as those now in use. Each drum J, K, and L is fitted with
a pipe O, P, R, to carry off condensed vapour from the drum, which may
be fitted as represented or otherwise when other evaporating arrange-
ments are used.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature, object, and
purposes of this my Invention, and how the same is to be carried into
practical effect, I wish it to be clearly understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise dimensions, shape, or style of the apparatus as
shown in the Drawings, nor to any particular heating or evaporating
arrangement, as the same may be considerably varied without departing
from my Invention; but what I claim as new and desire to secure by
Letters Patent as aforesaid is, the combination, application, and use of
the apparatus shown and described, being a three-chambered vessel, for
the purpose of carrying out the process known as the "triple effect" in
the concentration and evaporation of saccharine solutions and liquids.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Chapman, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Twenty-sixth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
0 Witness,
ALFRED (L.S.) CHAPMAN.
FREDERICK JOHN CHEESBROUGH,
of 15, Water Street,
Liverpool.