Improvements in or relating to Strainers or Protectors for Sink- pipes, Fall-pipes, and other Pipes or Passages and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1896-Accepted, 4th July. 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Strainers or Protectors for Sink-
pipes, Fall-pipes, and other Pipes or Passages and the like.
I, JAMES GOWLAND, of 2 Ogleforth, in the City and County of York, Painter
and Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to strainers or protectors for pipes, passages, and the like,
such as for instance sink-pipes, fall-pipes, for various purposes such as for instance
spouting, gulley-traps, tanks, and passages, as well as for other purposes; and its
object is to prevent such pipes, passages, or articles becoming choked or stopped
by dirt or other refuse material.
The invention to be hereinafter more fully described consists, briefly, essentially
of a parallel or curved cylindrical or other shaped pipe or tube with a conical or
trapped end, or nozzle, or a conical pipe or tube with or without a trapped end made
in one, two, three or more parts and composed of material wholly or partly per-
forated, that is, it is composed of material wholly perforated or partly solid
and partly perforated, say in one, two or more parts,--all of which are hereafter
termed and included in the term "the tube." The tube may, if desired, be
surrounded by a wire worked or perforated grid of any suitable shape, as well as
armed with any desired number of trays or dishes and projections (one or both)
arranged to project from its outer periphery, and with or without a covering cap.
The tube may be provided internally with or without one or more valves and seats
capable of being raised and lowered or opened and closed by any convenient means
such as for instance a rod or cord or wire arranged if desired to pass over one or
more pulleys, with or without weights.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown several methods for carrying my
invention into practice, in which :-
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a conical strainer or protector made in one piece
and provided with a cap.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a parallel strainer or protector with a conical end
or nozzle, lift valve, and its seating, and one or more dishes or trays.
Figs. 3 and 4 are transverse sections respectively on lines w w and x x Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a part sectional elevation of cylindrical (parallel) strainers or protectors
made in parts provided with several trays or dishes, ball valves and seats, and
with a conical end or nozzle screwed to its end.
Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of a strainer or protector armed with a trapped
end, clack valve, and with a number of trays fixed to supporting framework.
Like parts in all the views are marked with the same letters of reference.
A represents the pipe connected to or forming part of a sink, or a spout, say
for receiving and conveying water from the roof of a house or other building, or
other pipe, or tank or a gulley-trap, or a passage or the like-all of which are
hereafter termed and included in the term "receptacle "-to which a strainer or
protector is to be applied.
B the level of the well portion of the receptacle-and which for convenience
will be termed the receptacle B-where the water or other liquid usually collects
and from which it is drained.
The strainer or protector, hereafter termed the strainer, may be made of any
suitable material, such as for instance zinc, or metal sheet, or metal, wire-work,

page_text: earthenware, or combination of two or more of them, or it or their equivalents..
The strainer consists of a tube C (hereafter termed the tube C) made in one,
two, three, or more parts of any convenient size, length, and shape such as for
instance conical as shown at Fig. 1, or parallel and cylindrical as at Fig. 2, or of
other convenient contour both in elevation and cross section.
Or as at Fig. 6 the strainer may be composed partly of tubes CC the lower
one of which is provided with a trapped end E constructed as shown, having a
perforated piece or grid C of open wire work interposed between the two portions of
tubing CC. The grid C may be retained in position by an inner tube (³ and bolts C
or their equivalents. The size and shape of the various portions of the tube will
be determined by the size and shape of the pipe A into which its lower end passes,
but it should be of such a length as to project a suitable distance above the level of
the receptacle B as shown in the various illustrations hereunto annexed.
If desired the top of the tube C could be arranged to be level with the top of the
pipe A and armed with a grid or grating Cs, but I prefer that it should project
above the top of the pipe or receptacle B as shown. The tube may be made
wholly of perforated material or it may be partly made of perforated material and
partly of tubing, or wholly of tubing perforated at two or more parts D as shown in
the drawings the perforations whether many or few, are marked with the same
letter of reference throughout. When the tube C or (Fig. 6 projects above the
receptacle B the top of the said tube may be provided with a grid or grating 0.
At or to the base of the tube C is formed, as at Fig. 1 or attached thereto by
any suitable means-such as for example, telescopically, or by soldering, or screwing,
or hinging, or the like-as at Figs. 2 and 5-a perforated conical end or nozzle E
hereafter termed the nozzle E-of any suitable length, and its lowest and smallest
end may be open or closed as shown, but when open, and of such a size to
permit of so doing, -its end may be, but not necessarily so, provided with a grid
of wires arranged to cross each other, or with other perforated material. In
practice I prefer to make the nozzle E so that it can be readily detached from
the main portion of the tube C as at Fig. 5. When the nozzle E is so formed it
may be used separately and alone as in the case say of sinks and fall pipes, as
well as in combination with the parts shown in the other views, but I distinctly
wish it in any way whatever to be understood that I do not limit myself to so
forming it, as it may be found more convenient in other cases to form it as
shown say at Fig. 2, in which case the nozzle is shown suitably attached to the
lower end of the tube C. Or the tube C may be provided, as at Fig. 6, with a
trapped end, in which case the tube is provided with a cover e having a
reduced outwardly projecting pipe e which passes into the trough like receptacle e²
arranged to be fixed (at a suitable distance from the cover e) to the cover e by
the supporting pieces e to permit of the water or other liquid in the trough like
receptacle not only overflowing its upper edges e but also form a trapped end
for the outlet pipe el.
In the tube C, or its lower portion, may be formed when desired, but not
necessarily so, a grid Cx as shown at Fig. 1 of any perforated material to form a
compartment C for the reception of any deoderizing and disinfecting substance.
The conical or other tube C may when desired be provided with a hinged or other
cap or cover C2 shown at Fig. 1. Projections F may also be formed on the lower
part of the tube (,-and nozzle E too if desired, for assisting in retaining that part
of the strainer that enters the pipe A in 'n vertical, or nearly so, position.
Fixed by any convenient means within the lower portion of the tube C as at
Figs. 5 and 6, or forming part of the nozzle itself as at Fig. 2, is a valve seat G
for any suitable arrangement of valve H such as say shown at Fig. 2 or a ball valve H
as shown at Fig. 5 or a "clack" valve as at Fig. 6. If desired the underside of the
valve seating may be made to taper or be conical as shown at G Fig. 5, under which
is fixed a circular or other shaped dish G2 supported by any convenient means under
the tapering end G' to form a trap for preventing any noxious gases passing up the
tube.

page_text: In the arrangement shown at Fig. 2 the valve H is fixed to a lifting rod I.
armed with a handle J at its upper end and between the valve H and handle J with
a winged projection K arranged to fit into a groove or slit in the bearing L when
the valve H is closed upon its seat. But when the valve H is raised as shown at
Fig. 2, the winged projection is withdrawn from the groove and turned across
the bearing L (as shown at Fig. 4) until its lower portion rests upon the top of the
bearing for retaining the rod I in a raised position. A bearing M is also provided
in this arrangement for steadying the rod I.
a
When a ball valve H, as at Fig. 5, is employed it can be readily raised and
lowered by a cord, chain, or wire N armed or provided with say a ring or loop N¹
which may or may not pass through a guide tube O, and over a suitable pulley P
as at Fig. 6 and through guides or eyes to a hook R over which the ring or loop N¹
is passed whenever it is desired to retain the valve in a raised position. But when
clack" valve H (as shown at Fig. 6) is used then it is hinged to its seating G.
Through the valve H is passed and secured thereto say by nuts or their equivalents,
a short rod H', the upper end of which forms a stop for preventing the valve being
raised too high, whilst to its lower end is connected by a chain or bar h* (one or both).
the weight H2 for closing the valve. The bar * (when such is used) may or may
not be arranged to pass through a bearing not shown in the drawings
The valve H
may be raised and lowered by the chain N,-which passes over pulley P-attached
to the rod N¹ and armed with a knob or handle N2.
The tube C when made in one piece, as at Fig. 1, may be armed on its outer
periphery with one or more strengthening bands S; but when made in more than
one portion, as at Figs. 2 to 6, I prefer to fix to the portion that immediately pro-
jects above the level of the receptacle B the supporting stays T shaped as shown say
at Figs. 2 and 4. When desired, to one or all of the supporting stays T may be cast,
fixed, or otherwise attached the projecting trays, shelves or receptacles U made of
any suitable material such as metal, tin, wood, or the like, for the reception of
miscellaneous articles. The ends of the trays or shelves U may also be fixed or
attached at each end to one or more uprights U¹, as shown at Fig. 6, made of any
suitable material such as wood, metal, or the like and of any convenient shape
thereby enabling the shelves or trays to be used for large and somewhat heavy
articles.
V are trays cast or otherwise fixed or attached to the central tube C for the
reception of brushes, toilet and other articles, and they may be of any convenient shape.
and size.
At Fig. 2 they are shown with projecting sides and with projecting stems v
whereby they may not only be placed one above the other; but the tube C may
also be built up thereby as shown in dotted lines in this view."
At Fig. 6 the trays are shown to be a fixture to the central tube C, except at
Fig. 5 the top one is made loose. I prefer, though not necessarily so, that the top.
and bottom trays V should be separate and detachable from the others but connected
respectively to the tube C and other trays by the stem which is arranged to pass.
within the tube C as shown.
The trays V may be made of any suitable material, such as metal, and arranged
in tiers of any desired number of trays. The central tube C is perforated all round
its periphery at D level with each tray V as well as with the receptacle B so as to
permit of water or other liquid, collected by each tray and the receptacle, being
drained into the tube C for conveyance to the pipe A.
When it is desired that the shelves U and trays V should be out of the way
the tube ( may be arranged to be bent or curved.
In order to prevent the lower perforations of the tube C that are level with
the receptacle B from becoming choked, say for instance, with soap suds, a
rectangular, circular, or other shaped strainer W made of any suitable perforated
material, such as say open wire work and provided with a top W₁, may be
arranged to surround the tube C as shown at Fig. 6. The use of this strainer is
optional, but I prefer using it in all cases with sinks and the like.

page_text: The strainer shown at Fig. 1 is particularly applicable for fall pipes and the
like.
The above described strainer is readily fixed and removed, can be easily fitted
to varying sizes of pipes, occupies little room, besides being conducive to health
by preventing deleterious and refuse material collected on the level of the
receptacle B being conveyed to and accumulating in the pipe A.
Handles may also if desired be provided on any portion or portions of the strainer
for lifting and removal purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware
strainers for gulley traps and the like, with convex bottoms and placed inside a
casing with an upturned outlet to form a seal with the said convex bottom, have
been made prior to the date of this application and to which I lay no claim, but what
I do claim is :-
1. The strainer substantially such as herein described, consisting of a central tube,
such as C, formed in parts capable of being used separately and perforated as
described at intervals for drainage purposes, said central tube having a conical
perforated or trapped nozzle such as E formed on or attached to it and also armed
internally with a valve such as H and seating such as G and externally with a tier or
series of trays such as V and shelves such as U (one or both) and with or without the
external strainer such as W all combined and arranged in the manner and for the
purposes herein described and illustrated.
2. In strainers for sinks, gullies, pipes and the like the combination of a central
tube formed in one or more parts and capable of being used separately, said central
tube being perforated at intervals as described for drainage purposes and armed with
a conical perforated or trapped nozzle, with a series of trays and shelves (one or both)
arranged one above the other for receiving toilet and like articles and built up in
parts for forming an extension of the central tube substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth.
3. A strainer such as herein described for sinks, gullies, pipes, and the like
formed in one or more parts perforated as described, armed at one end with
a cap or cover and at the other end with a nozzle or trap, said strainer having
on its exterior stays and strengthening pieces, and surrounded by an external
strainer, all combined and arranged in the manner and for the purposes herein
described and illustrated with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this Second day of May 1896.
JAMES GOWLAND.