IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Armand Gilliee, Trading under the Name or
Style of L. de Fontainemoreau,, of the General Patent Office, 4, South
Street, Finsbury,. in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the
"Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
RAISING WATER." - A communication from abroad by Jan Barend,.
Hendrik Van Royen, of Gorinchem, in the Kingdom of Holland..
Sealed: the 12th June 1868, and dated, the 17th December 1867..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION .left by the said William Armand Gilbee
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th December 1867.
I, WILLIAM ARMAND GILBEE, Trading under the Name or Style of L.. de.
Fontainemoreau, of the General Patent Office, 4, South Street,, Finsbury, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said. Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR:
BAISING WATER," to be as follows, that is to say :--
The Invention communicated to me consists in raising: water by a combina-
tion of apparatuses or pumps moved by the wind, by steam, or by a waterfall,.
formed either by a natural current of water or by a flow of water from a
reservoir previously filled, or by combinations of these three, forces; from lower-
:

page_text: variable levels to higher variable levels in such wise that whatever may be
the distance between these levels, and whatever may be the motive power
available, the water is never raised to a height greater than these distances;
and in an improved construction of pump and windmill for the said purpose.
Water is raised by the wind, by steam, and by a waterfall, by the transmission
of the dynamic action from the sails of a windmill, from steam engines, and
from a water wheel, to the apparatuses or pumps serving directly to raise the
water, or a portion of these pumps can be worked by one of the said three
motive forces, and one or more of the pumps by one or both of the other two
motive forces. The transmission of power is effected by gearing, pulleys, and
other arrangements, putting in action cranked horizontal shafts connected to
the pumps for directly raising the water. The dynamic effect is proportioned
to the motive force available by the pumps varying their speed as the motive
force varies; by arresting one or more of the pumps when the motive force
diminishes, and putting them in action again when the power increases; by
employing gearing or conical pulleys for varying the speed of the pumps; or,
lastly, by a combination of the three preceding arrangements. The pumps
for directly raising the water consist of an improved pump constructed as
berein-after described, or force pumps, or force and suction pumps, or centri-
fugal pumps can be employed, and in some cases a combination of the three
preceding kinds of pumps.
When this improved system of raising water is in operation on land the
upper ends or discharge openings of the pump should be at a few inches below
the lowest level of the higher water to which the lower water is to be raised,
whilst the lower opening or openings for the passage of the water should be
below the lower level to be obtained.
When the pumps for raising the water are placed on a vessel floating in
the water it is merely necessary that the lower water be enabled to freely enter
below, and that the delivery pipes or openings do not pass beyond the level of
the upper water. The improved pump is constructed of a well bored cylinder
or pump body, which can be seated or not upon another cylinder or lower pipe
of any convenient form. The piston is formed of a ring of metal surrounded
if required-with suitable packing. One, three, or more bars are fixed in this
ring according to its diameter, serving as stops to two, four, or more hinged
valves. This piston is provided with a piston rod connected to a crank on
one of the horizontal shafts before referred to by means of a connecting rod;
the stroke is made parallel by guides. The bored cylinder or pump body, or
if it be placed on a lower cylinder or pipe the latter, has one or more orifices
below for the passage of the water to be raised; these orifices are provided

page_text: with similar valves to those in the piston, and allow the water to enter into
the pump, but prevent it running out. In some cases a ring with valves of
the same form and construction as the piston herein-before described may be
tixed like a cover on the top of the pump body. This ring with its valves
permits the water raised by the piston to leave the body of the pump, but
prevents it entering again. In this arrangement the holes in the lower part
of the pump for the entry of the water need not be provided with valves.
Hinged valves can also be applied to one or more openings in the pump body
above the highest point of the piston; in this case the pump body is closed by
a solid disc, an opening being left for the piston rod. The valves herein-before
described open upwards, and they or their stops are furnished with a packing
of suitable material to lessen the shock and to make the valves close firmly on
the stops.
The improved windmill is built on a foundation of concrete which enables
is to be erected directly in the water. The iron or wood framework of the
mill is not covered in, thus increasing the effect of the wind and allowing of
the employment of eight sweeps or sails. The improved pumps herein-before
described are suspended in the mill in such a manner that as the level of the
water lowers, these pumps are lengthened by pipes at their lower ends. The
shaft of the sweeps is made of wrought iron and is furnished with four sweeps
at one or both ends. The pumps in the mill can be worked by steam power
alone from the land, or in combination with the wind.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the, Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Armand Gilbee in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th June 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ARMAND GILBEE, Trading under the Name or Style of L. de Fontainemoreau,
of the General Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
'said William Armand Gilbee, Her special licence that I, the said William
Armand Gilbee, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others' as
I, the said William Armand Gilbee, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times
thereafter. during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATEE," (a communication
to me from abroad by Jan Barend Hendrik Van Royen, of Gorinchem, in the
Kingdom of Holland), upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said,
William Armand Gilbee, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under-my,. or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly:
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in.
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately,
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW. YE, that I, the said William Armand Gilbee, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per:
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereto annexed, and to the
figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
.
;
This Invention consists in raising water by combinations of apparatuses or
pumps moved by the wind, by steam, or by a waterfall formed either by a
natural current of water or by a flow of water from a reservoir previously
filled, or by combinations of these three motive forces, from lower variable
levels to higher variable levels in such a manner that whatever may be the
distances between these levels the water is never raised to a height greater
than these distances; and in an improved construction of pump and windmill
for the said purposes. By this system advantage can be taken of a motivė
force relatively very small in such a manner that light winds, steam engines of
small power, or a small waterfall can be employed to.raise water to the desired
height by the same machines which give useful and advantageous results when
worked by motive forces proportioned to them. In this system besides the new
construction of pump, other machines serving directly to raise water can be
usefully employed. This system can by employing only the motive force of
wind or steam .be carried out not only on land or on a solid foundation in
water, but also on floating vessels or even partly on these vessels and partly on
the land, in this latter case there will only be on the vessels such machines
as directly serve to raise water.
Firstly, water is raised by the, wind by means of the transmission of the
dynamic effect of the wings or sweeps of an ordinary windmill or of the
improved windmill constructed as herein-after described to the apparatuses or

page_text: pumps serving directly, to raise the water and the construction of which is
herein-after described.
:
Secondly, water is raised by steam, working, single or double action fixed
or moveable steam engines by the transmission of the dynamic effect of such
steam engines to apparatuses or pumps serving directly to raise the water.
Thirdly, water is raised by a current or fall of water turning a wheel, the
force of, which is transmitted to the apparatuses or pumps, serving directly to
raise the water..
: {
Fourthly, the apparatuses or pumps for directly raising the water may be
detached from one another, and a part; of them.may be worked by one of the
three herein-before stated motive forces, and one or more, of the other pumps
by one or both of the two other motive forces. The transmission of the
dynamic effect to the pumps, serving directly to raise the water is effected in
all cases by gearing, pulleys, and other arrangements adapted to local
circumstances which serve to put in motion one or several cranked horizontal
shafts to which these apparatuses or pumps are attached. Some of these
arrangements are shewn, in Sheets 1 and 2 of, the accompanying Drawings, in
the several Figures of which similar letters represent parts which are similar:
In Figures 1, 1, 1, 2, 2b, and 2°, a, a, represent the driving shafts of
the windmills, each of which is provided with, a bevil wheel b, gearing with a
bevil wheel c on the horizontal shaft d, the cranks and crank arms e, e, e, of
which work the rods ff, f, of the pumps 9, 9, 9.
.:
Figures 3 and 3b shew the pumps worked by similar arrangements to the
last, with the addition of driving bands k, k, and pulleys i, i, to enable them to
be worked by steam.
Figures 4 and 4b shew the driving shaft a placed at a greater distance
from the horizontal shaft, the latter being worked by the driving bands k, k,
from the pulleys i, i.
In Figures 5 and 5b the horizontal shaft is driven direct by the bevil
wheel 6 of the driving shaft a, or it may be driven by steam power by the
bands k, k, and pullies i, i, or by both these arrangements..
Figures 6, 6, and 6°, and Figures 7, 7b, and 7°, shew arrangements
somewhat similar to the last, the driving bands and pulleys being replaced by
the wheel l (shewn in dotted lines.)
In Figures 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, and 9, the driving shafts a, by means of the
bevil wheels b, c, move the shaft m, which communicates motion by means. of
the bands k, k, and pullies i, i, to the horizontal shafts d, d.
1
The dynamic effect is proportioned to the motive force disposable in the
following manter:
j

page_text: Firstly. By the pumps serving directly to raise the water themselves,
because their speed of action increases and diminishes according as the motive
force increases and diminishes without their losing the power of raising the
water to the desired heights.
Secondly. By arresting one or several of the pumps serving directly to
raise the water when the motive force diminishes, which is effected either by
separating from one another the gearings by moving them on the shaft which
serves as their axle; by detaching the piston rods from the cranks of the
horizontal shafts; by fixing the valves of the pistons so that they remain open ;
by escapements or other known means; and by putting them in action again
by the opposite means when the motive power increases.
Thirdly. By employing the arrangements of gearing shewn in Figures 10",
10%, and 10%, Sheet 2, or conical pulleys as shewn in Figure 11, by means of
which the speed of the pumps directly serving to raise the water can be
increased and diminished.
.
Fourthly. By the combination of the three preceding arrangements.
The pumps serving directly to raise the water are, first, one or several of
the new pumps herein-after described and shewn in Sheets 3 and 4; secondly;
one or several single or double action force pumps or force and suction
pumps as shewn in Figures 3*, 3, 4ª, 4º, 5º, 5º, 6º, 6º, 6º, 7ª, 7º, and 7º;
thirdly, one or several centrifugal pumps as shewn in Figures 8*, 8b, 8º, and
9*, 9, and 9°; fourthly, by one of the combinations that may be made with the
aforesaid pumps. To obtain the best results in all cases where this system is
in operation on land, the upper ends or discharge openings of these pumps
should always be at a few inches below the lowest level of the higher water to
which the lower water is to be raised, whilst the opening or openings made in
the lower part of the pumps for the passage of the water which is to be raised
should be below the lowest level to be obtained. The pumps directly serving
to raise the water being placed in a vessel floating in the water it is merely
necessary that the lower water can freely enter below, and that the delivery
pipes do not pass beyond the level of the upper water, or in general the
height to which the water is to be raised.
In Sheets 3 and 4, Figure 12ª is an elevation, and Figure 12b a section, of
the improved pump herein-before referred to; Figure 12°, plan of same;
Figure 18, section of the improved pump with additional valves on the top;
Figure 13, plan of same. These pumps have a diameter of from about oné
foot three inches to more than six feet 6 inches. The diameter will be more
or less' according to the dynamic force available to the height to which the water
is to be raised, and especially according to local circumstances. These pumps are

page_text: •
constructed, first, of a cylinder or pump body m well bored internally, in which
works a piston n constructed as herein-after described. The cylinder can be
seated on another cylinder or lower pipe of any suitable form. In this case the
opening or openings herein-after described and serving to give passage to the
water to be raised are made in this cylinder or lower pipe as shewn in Figures
12 and 12. Secondly, the piston n is formed of a ring of metal P which fills
a part of the inside of the pump body and which is surrounded with a packing 9.
of leather, oakum, or other suitable material. In this ring are fixed one,
three, or more bars r, r, according to its diameter, which serve as stops to two,
four, or more valves 5, 5, moveable on hinges. To lessen the shock of the
valves against the stops, they are furnished with india-rubber, gutta percha,
leather, or other suitable material. In the centre of the ring p is attached
the piston rod t, the other end of this rod is attached by means of a connecting
rod t to a crank on one of the horizontal shafts before described, and which
shafts are put in motion by one of the motive forces. The stroke of the piston
is made parallel by means of the guides u, u. The bored cylinder or pump
body or if it be placed on a lower cylinder or pipe, the latter has one or several
orifices v, v, below for the passage of the water which is to be raised. Against
this orifice or these orifices is applied a system of one or more valves moveable.
on hinges which allow the water to enter into the body of the pump but.
prevent it escaping as seen in Figures 12" and 12°; or the bored cylinder is
provided with a system of one or several valves w, w, moveable on hinges
and held in a ring of metal applied on the upper end of the pump body as
shewn in Figures 13 and 13°. The ring with the valves is of the same form
and construction as the piston herein-before described and is fixed like a cover
on the body of the pump. The valves in this ring can be arranged so as to
open in the same or in a different direction to that of the valves in the piston
but always from below upwards. This ring with its valves permits the water
which has entered by the lower orifices (which in this case can be with or
without valves) and been raised up by the pistons to leave the body of the
pump but prevent it entering again. Hinged valves can also be applied to
one or several orifices in the body of the pump above the highest point of the
piston, in this case the top end of the pump body should be carefully closed
by a solid disc. All the hinged valves herein-before described or their stops
are furnished with a packing of india-rubber, gutta percha, or other suitable.
material to lessen the shock of the valves and to make them firmly close on
the stops. The piston rod passes through the middle of the disc or of the
ring berein-before described.
-
In Sheet 5, Figure 1 is a front elevation, Figure 2 a side elevation, and

page_text: Figure 3 a sectional plan of the improved windmill; it is built on a foundation,
of concrete which enables it to be erected directly in the water. The iron.
or wood framework x, x, of the mill is not covered in as will be seen;
by the Drawing, thus increasing the effect of the wind and allowing of,
the employment of eight sweeps y,y. The improved pumps 9, 9; herein- 5
before described are suspended in the mill in the manner shewn, so
that as the level of the water lowers; these pumps are lengthened by pipes.,
at their lower ends. The shaft y' of the sweeps: y, is made of wrought-
iron and is furnished with four sweeps at one or both ends. The pumps;
in the mill can be worked by the steam engine. A alone from the land,"1
by means of the driving band B or in combination with the wind by the,
arrangements shewn in Figures 1, 1, 1°, and Figures 10%, 10%, and 10%,
Sheets. 1 and 2.
Having now described the nature of the Invention communicated to me and.
the manner of performing the same; I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details herein laid down; but what I claim
is-
Firstly. The improvements herein-before described and represented in the..
accompanying Drawings..
Secondly. The employment of wind, steam, and water power in combination 2
with apparatus substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The peculiar construction, of pump as herein-before described and..
represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. The peculiar construction and employment of windmill as herein-
before described and represented in, Sheet 5 of the accompanying Drawings...
In witness whereof,- I, the said William Armand Gilbee, have: hereto.
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight..
Witness;
c: GEO. F, REDFERN,
1.4, South Street,
Finsbury.
W: A. GILBLE. (LS.)
1: