AN IMPROVEMENT IN FINISHING ORNAMENTAL WALLS AND OTHER CEMENTED SURPACES;
Year: 1835

page_text: TROUGHTON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NICHOLAS
TROUGHTON, of Broad Street, in the City of London, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Fourteenth day of November, in the sixth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs, and successors, give and grant unto me the
said Nicholas Troughton, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Nicolas Troughten, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Nicolas Troughton, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FINISHING
ORNAMENTAL WALLS AND OTHER CEMENTED SURPACES;" communicated to me by
a certain foreigner residing abroad," in which said Letters Patent is contained
proviso, that I, the said Nicholas Troughton, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention consists in the application of talc in the state of powder, as
hereafter described, to the finishing of walls and other cemented surfaces,
whereby the finish thereby obtained renders the painted or ornamental surface
more secure from the effect of weather, and at the same time rendering such
cemented surface more beautiful in appearance than when finished by any
means heretofore practised.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS.
The walls or other surfaces which are to be finished according to the
said Invention are preferred to be cemented in the following manner :-The
first coat (commonly called the pricking up coat) is to bo laid, as is well under-
stood, on to about the thickness of three-eighths of an inch of a cement
composed of two parts of the cement called metallic cement, which is now in
common use, and was secured to me by Letters Patent bearing date at
Westminster, the Eighth day of September, One thousand eight hundred and
thirty-two, to one part of air slack lime well mixed and beaten together; this
first coat is to be permitted to dry thoroughly, when the next or second coat,
called the floating coat, to the thickness of about a quarter of an inch, or more,
is to be laid on such second coat, being composed of the same materials and in
like proportions as the first or pricking up coat; this second coat is to
be permitted to dry thoroughly, when it will be in a proper condition for
receiving the third or last coat of cement, which consists of one part of very
fine sifted metallic cement to one part of run or putty lime well mixed together,
which is to be laid on in the usual manner, and it is to be constantly worked
with a wooden trowel as the cement dries, and this working is to be continued
till the surface has arrived at that state that the trowel will pass freely over,
leaving an even surface; when the same is in a condition to be painted
according to the design determined on. The surface is then to be permitted
to stand for a short time till the colours aro so much set that a steel
or glass float or trowel being passed over the surface will not injure the
painting. A correct judgment in this respect will be quickly arrived at
by a litte practice. The colors which I have used are such as are called
water colors, and they are to be ground up with lime water. I would remark
that various ornamental cemented slabs for tables and other purposes may be

page_text: produced by constructing wooden frames to the figures or form desired, and
affixing laths across as is done for plastering ceilings, and then covering the
upper surface of the laths with the different coats of cements, as above
described and in a like manner, which may be painted and ornamented
according to the taste of the artist employed.
Having thus explained the manner which is preferred for preparing the
cemented surfaces to which the Invention is to be applied, I would remark
that I do not confine myself to the use of the descriptions of cement herein
mentioned, nor does the process of producing the surface above described
constitute any part of the Invention secured by the present Letters Patent.
Having prepared and painted the wall or other cemented surface according to
the design or color desired, and when the same is sufficiently set to allow the
glass or steel float to be passed over for the purpose of polishing the surface,
I take tale in the state of fine powder and dust the same lightly over the
surface, a small portion at a time, and gently rubbing and pressing the same
into the cemented surface, and again and again dusting on further qualities
of the tale and continuing the polishing with the glass or steel float, by which
means a smooth, hard, and close texture will be obtained, giving brilliancy to
the colors, which will produce finished surfaces resembling marble when suit-
ably colored, or fresco paintings when so intended, and which from the effect
of the tale will not be liable to be injured by moisture or change of weather.
In some instances where the designs are sharp and delicate, I sometimes place
a sheet of writing paper over the cemented surface and pass the float over the
same in order to set the color and condense the surface before the float comes
in actual contact.
Having thus described the naturo of the Invention as communicated to me
from abroad, I would have it understood that what I claim as the Invention
secured by the present Letters Patent consists in the application of talc in
the state of powder to the finishing of ornamental walls and other cemented
surfaces as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nicolas Troughten, have hereunto set
their hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-six.
NICHOLAS (L.8.) TROUGHTON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of May, in
the year of our Lord 1836, the aforesaid Nicholas Troughton came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Fourteenth day of May in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-six.