IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH PRINTING MACHINES OR APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the
County of Middlesex Gentleman for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OR CONNECTED WITH PRINTING MACHINES OR APPARATUS" communicated
to him from abroad by Edwyn Anthony of Lincolns Inn at present residing
at No 20 East 16th Street New York and Jacob Edward Harvey of Lincolns
Inn at present residing at No 11 West 11th Street New York both in the
United States of America Barristers at Law.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1882.
"
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH PRINTING MACHINES OR
APPARATUS communicated to me from abroad by Edwyn Anthony of Lincolns
Inn at present residing at No 20 East 16th Street New York and Jacob Edward
Harvey of Lincolns Inn at present residing at No 11 West 11th Street New York
both in the United States of America Barristers at Law.
This Invention relates to printing by means of the same Machine and from two.
three. four or more rolls papers of various numbers of pages and also to the folding
longitudinally without stopping the motion thereof a travelling web or sheets in
tapes
The first portion of the Invention may be conveniently divided into two parts
The first part does not refer to the mechanism by which the said rolls are printed
but it consists in a process of treating them after they have been printed on both
sides. In order to apply it the webs must have impressions on them and issue
forth in the manner hereinafter specified but provided they are so printed and do
so issue the means whereby the result is accomplished is immaterial to the said
process. The second part of the Invention consists in a combination of mechanism
whereby three four or inore rolls can be printed in the manner above referred to.
The combination of mechanism for printing three rolls the combination of mechanisın

page_text: for printing four rolls and that for printing a larger number of rolls as hereinafter
described I claim The combination of mechanism for printing two rolls hereinafter
described I do not herein claim.
I shall describe in order the two several parts of the Invention When two rolls
(call then A and B) are used they must both have the same matter printed on
them while the matter printed on one side of a web must be different from that
printed on the other side. The webs must issue with the same pages uppermost
on each any line drawn on one of the webs perpendicular to its edges must be
parallel to any line similarly drawn on the other and (when the webs are the widest
the printing mechanism will print) their edges must lie in the same pair of parallel
planes. When three rolls are used two of thein must issue as just described and
the third (call it Z) must have different matter printed on its two sides such matter
being different from that printed on the other two rolls A and B. It must have
imprinted on it (when the roll is the same breadth as the other two rolls) just half
as many different pages as the other two rolls have on them and a proportionate
number when its breadth is greater or less than that of A or B [This is fully
illustrated by the tables Q. R. S, Q. R¹. S] Its edges must travel in the same
pair of parallel planes (or in planes parallel thereto) as do the edges of the other
two webs. When four rolls are employed (and the limit of the breadth of the rolls
is an even number of pages across) three must be as just described and the fourth
(call it E) must have on it different matter from what is on the other rolls but the
same matter on both sides of it and the number of different pages printed on either
side of it must equal the number of different pages printed on either side of A or B.
It must likewise travel with its edges in the same pair of parallel plane in which
the edges of A and B lie. For numbers of rolls greater than four (the limit of
their breadths being still an even number of pages) the arrangement depends upon
whether the number is odd or even
Figure 1 illustrates the employment of any even number and Figure 2 that of
any odd number of rolls. In Figure 1 A. B. Z. E are as before described on one
side of E run any number of rolls 1. 2. 3. &c. and on the other side the same number
of corresponding rolls 1. 2. 3. &c. Different matter must be printed on the two
sides of every one of these additional rolls and the number of pages printed on any
one side must be the same as the number printed on a side of the roll A or B.
Every pair of corresponding rolls (1. 11. 2. 2. &c) must have the same matter
printed on them in precisely the same way but one must be turned one way up
and the other the other so that the under side of 1 will be the same as the upper
side of 1' and vice versa. All the rolls must be travelling between the same pair
of parallel planes that A and B do
Figure 2 (odd number of rolls) is the same as Figure 1 except that a roll like E
is not used
When the printing mechanism prints at its fullest capacity an odd number of
pages abreast then if more than three rolls are used it must be done as follows the
rolls A. B. Z. being as before all the additional rolls must be passed with Z between
the cutting cylinders L. L hereinafter referred to (see Figure 3) and follow the
same course with it. Moreover each of these additional rolls must issue from the
printing mechanism printed in a similar way to the roll Z that is to say different
matter must be printed on each side such matter for each roll differing from that
printed on any of the other rolls and the number of different pages imprinted on
any roll (when it is of the same breadth as the rolls A or B. and a proportionate
number when its breadth is greater or less than that of A or B) must be just half
as many as there are imprinted on the roll A or B.
The treatment of the rolls is partially identical in all cases but it in a measure
depends on the number of pages abreast which the printing mechanism is capable
of printing and also on whether the formes are placed lengthwise or breadth wise
on the forme-bearing cylinders. Tables Q. R and S refer to the case of the formes
on breadth wise and tables Q R and S. to the formes on lengthwise. In tables Q
and Q the printing mechanism is supposed capable of printing four rolls in the

page_text: manner hereinbefore specified each roll having two pages abreast or one page only
printed on it. Tables R and R' are for three rolls with three pages abreast or less
on each. Tables S and S' are for four rolls with four pages abreast or less on each.
The tables exhibit the number of rolls to be employed the breadth of each their
relative positions and the way in which the pages must be imprinted on them for
printing a paper of any number of pages from two up to the largest number that
can be printed with the rolls and limits of their breadths specified. For example
tables S. S are for any paper from 2 up to 32 pages inclusive When the diagram
of a roll is omitted it means that that roll is not used in printing the particular
paper in question. For example for a 30 page paper (tables S, S') I must use
three full breadth rolls (A. B and E) and one three quarter breadth roll (Z) which
must issue so that one of its edges lies in the same plane with one of the edges of
the other rolls. Again-for a 14 page paper I must use two three-quarter-breadth
rolls. (A and B) and one quarter-breadth roll (Z) with its edges lying as there
shewn the roll E is not used (When I speak of a roll of a fractional breadth
I mean a roll whose breadth is that fraction of the widest roll that the inechanisın
will print
.
It will be observed that I often have alternative ways of using rolls for
printing any particular paper. Thus, if I have mechanism for printing four rolls
with pages four abreast on each, I can print an 18 page paper as shown in
table S or as shown in table R, a 16 page paper as shown in tables Q. R or S &c &c.
Of course the number of the rolls and their respective breadths will be decided by
The first treatment
the particular papers which any machine is required to print.
of the rolls is independent of their number of their breadths and of the lengthwise
or breadth wise position of the formes
Take therefore any number of webs coming out as shown in Figure 1 or in
Figure 2 And now referring to Figure 3 and leaving out of view the printing
part of the said figure consider its left hand portion L, L, are a suitable pair of
cutting cylinders a₁. a, b, b₁, c₁. c. &c pairs of rollers. Tapes go round the
rollers a, b, and a, b, the rollers b, b, oscillate in the arc of a circle (whose centre
lies in the common tangent of the rollers a, a) so that they deliver a sheet
alternately between the rollers c, c, and between d, d. The rollers c₁, c, and d, d,
touch a circle whose centre is coincident with that of the circle just mentioned.
Any other suitable device such as a switch or switches may be used instead of
the oscillating rollers. All that is necessary is that the stream of sheets issuing
from between a₁ and a, shall be divided into two streams and this object can
easily be accomplished as is well known in more ways than one
In
Tapes pass round the rollers and c₁ and also around g, and c any
convenient position is placed an apparatus such as is hereinafter described. It is
fixed so that a full breadth web after passing through it will be opposite to the
position it had before entering, but with its sides reversed
Figure 4 illustrates a web passing through such an apparatus. Reverting to
Figure 3 tapes starting say from 7, pass round the roller d, and next round any
suitably placed roller or rollers y thence from q₁ the said tapes are passed through
the aforesaid apparatus afterwards (descending therefrom to q₂) they pass round the
roller g. The ends r. r, are now run together by skew pullies or in any other
suitable way.
Similarly tapes starting from t₁ pass round d. thence round y
upward from 8, through the aforesaid apparatus and descend therefrom to 8, next
round, and finally their ends t, t, are run together by skew pullies or in any
other suitable way. The roller f rotates in the saine direction as the roller l.
A guard as shown in the figure enters grooves in the rollers g. f. Its function is to
prevent the sheets or web (while passing from c₁₂ to g₁ Js) from coming against
the roller whose motion is in the contrary direction
The use of fixed cylinders for deflecting the path of a web is shown in Rose's
British Specification No 12,715 of the year 1849, and methods of reversing a
web so as to bring the under side uppermost are given in Sandeman's British
Specification No 3,319 year 1870

page_text: But perhaps it may be proper to more fully explain the aforesaid apparatus
which is adopted from one described in Sandeman's aforesaid Specification.
A. K. C. and F E D (Figure 4) are triangular shaped planes made of any suitable
material. They are equal in all respects the angles at K and E are right angles
and those at C and F are equal to any convenient angle less than 45°.
Taking for example each of the angles at C and F to be one of 30° thin:
1°. The planes of the triangles must be inclined to one another at an angle of
one hundred and nine degrees and twenty eight minutes approximately
2° The edges A. C and F. D must be placed so as to be parallel to one another
with any convenient distance between them and so that the plane drawn
through KC perpendicular to the plane of the web before it enters the apparatus
may pass through the point D
30 The rollers L and G must be fixed so that L touches the edge D. F produced
of the triangle FED and G the edge A. C produced of the triangle A. K. C. The
axis of G must be inclined at an angle of fifty four degrees and forty four minutes
approximately to K. C and at an angle of 60° to A. C and the axis of L must be
parallel to that of G. The rollers L and G should be placed at a sufficient distance
apart to admit of other webs &c. passing freely through one or other of the open
spaces A. G. L and D. L. G Thus reverting to Figure 3 the web A the set of tapes
from to Go the set from c to c, and the web E will all pass through one of the
said spaces A. G. L, D. L G
The edges A. C and F D should be somewhat rounded so as not to have a
tendency to tear the web while passing over them. The web should be passed
over the triangle A. K. C. so that its central line shall pass over the middle point P
of the side A. C
The course of the webs to their arrival at the rollers g 9, (see figure 3) can now
be traced
The web A passes between the rollers c₁ c, and thence between the rollers J₁ Is
The web B passes between the rollers d, d, thence round y and other suitable
rollers, and next through an apparatus such as figure 4 (which is to be fixed as
previously directed) The web will issue therefrom as before remarked opposite
to its position before entering but with sides reversed It is then conveyed by
suitable rollers to g₁₂ and thence passes between g, and gs. The web Z (and
when they are used the additional webs herein before referred to as following the
same course with it) passes between the cutting cylinders L, L, which sever it
transversely (the dotted lines in the tables Q. R. S, Q. R. S. show where theso
severances are to be made) After it has been severed the oscillating rollers b, b
convey alternate sheets between the rollers c, c, and between the rollers d₁ d. The
oscillation of the rollers b, b, may complete the severance of the sheets if as is
usual they have not been completely severed by the cutting cylinders
The
Thus part of the web Z passes on to the top of the web A and passes with it
between the rollers g, and g, and the other part of the web Z passes on to the top
of the web B is reversed with it and ultimately passed with it between g₁ I3ª
web E (and also when they are used the webs 1. 2. 3, &c on the one side of E and
the corresponding webs 1 2 3¹ &c on the other side of it see figures 1 and 2)
passes round the roller f and thence between the rollers g' and g³, thus all the
webs pass between gl and g³ none of them having necessarily been cut either
longitudinally or transversely except Z which as before remarked is severed
transversely by L, and L. along the dotted lines indicated in the tables Q, R, S;
Q¹. R¹. S¹
It should be noticed that the relative distances of travel of the webs A and B
when the formes are on lengthwise should be such as to bring the webs out in the
way indicated by Figure 5 and when they are on breathwise in the way indicated
by figure 6.
I should also observe that the central line spoken of with reference
to figure means (in the case of an even number of pages being the limit of the
capacity of the printing mechanism) the central line of the widest web that can be
printed. The tables Q₁₁ R., S., &c illustrate this point. Thus for example in

page_text: table (four page case) table S (twelve page case) table Q (two page case) and
table S. (fourteen page case) X Y is the line of the web which must pass over the
point P (figure 4) and similarly for the other cases
Thus it is only when a full breadth web is used that the edges of the web will
after leaving the apparatus be opposite the positions they had before entering it.
When the limit of the printing mechanism is three pages a breast the line of the
web which passes over the point P must be not the central line of the widest web
that can be printed but the line indicated by X. Y. in the tables R and R¹
Thus when a web the full three breadths is used it will come out shifted trans-
versely by one third of its breadth. Similarly whenever the limit of the printing
mechanism is any odd number of pages abreast the line which passes over the
point P must be not the central line of the widest web that can be printed but a
line situated at a distance therefrom equal to half the breadth of a page measured
across the web
The course of the webs after they issue from between the rollers g, and g, must
be considered separately for each way of placing the formes on the cylinders
FORMES ON LENGTHWISE
In the three tables Q, R, S¹ the webs may be taken direct from g₁ I, to a pair of
cutting cylinders N, N, which must sever the webs transversely along lines whose
distance from one another equals the length of a page
Thus in table Q¹ consider for example the case of a fourteen page paper. The
webs will issue from between N, and N, (figure 3) on one another as shown in
Figure 7 and having been cut transversely along the lines A. G, E. B, C. D &c.
then the A. B's must go to one folding mechanism and the E. D's to another or the
E D's may be passed through a reversing apparatus such as shown in figure 4 and
then (both being now the same way up) they may be conveyed to the same folding
mechanism which must be such as to be capable of folding a continuous stream of
sheets.
TABLE R¹. Consider for example the case of a 16 page paper. Here the webs
must be severed longitudinally as well as transversely so that they will issue from
between N, and N, on one another as shown in figure 8 and having been cut
longitudinally along the line E F and transversely along the lines A. G, C.
D, H. B, &c.
Then the portions C. B must be brought in any suitable way on to the portions
A. D. They will then be as shown in figure 9 and may be conducted to a folding
mechanism, capable of folding the stream C. E in one direction and the stream L B
in the other or the stream LB may be passed through a reverser such as figure 4
and then both streams being now the same way up they may be passed to a
mechanism capable of folding two such streams
TABLE S¹. Consider as an example the case of a twenty six page paper This
case is illustrated by the figures 10 and 11 and the same remarks apply to these
figures as those which I have just made with reference to the figures 8 and 9
FORMES ON BREADTHWISE.
TABLE Q Consider for example the case of a 10 page paper. The webs may be
taken direct from the rollers g, and g, (figure 3) to mechanism which shall sever
them longitudinally along the line B. D and traversely along the lines A. C
E. F. &c. as indicated in figure 12 Thence they must be conducted to a folding
mechanism which will fold the A. B's. in one direction and the D. F's in the other
or the D. F's may be first reversed by figure 4 as described above
TABLE R Take for example the case of a 14 page paper. The webs after
passing between g₁ and g, must be severed longitudinally along the lines A. B, C.
D, E F (figure 13) Then they must be conducted to and be passed through a
reverser such as is sketched in figures 14 and 15

page_text: They will issue from the said reverser as shown in figure 16 the C. F's being ou
the top of the G. B's but the reverse way up and the E. H's being underneath the
A. D's with the reverse side uppermost
The webs must now be cut transversely along the lines G. C. K. D &c (figure 16)
and be afterwards conveyed to a suitable folding mechanism
TABLE S Consider as an example the case of a 30 page paper.-This case is
illustrated by the figures 17 and 18 and similar remarks apply to these figures as
were made above with reference to figures 13 and 16
I will now describe more fully the reverser sketched in figures 14 and 15
referring to figure 19 A D B is a triangular plane of any suitable material the
angle D is a right angle and the angle DBA any convenient angle less than 45°
A. B. C. GEA is a pentagon shaped plane made of any suitable material. The
angles at C and E are equal to any convenient angle less than 45° The lines B.
D, C. G and E A are parallel when the figure are in one plane and situated as
shown in figure 19 and G C. is drawn so as to pass through Y the middle point
of D A The breadth of D. A
The length of B. F &c depend upon the breadth of
the web the angle D. B. A and the angles at C and E As an example take each
of the three last mentioned angles equal to 30° then take D A one half broader
than half the full breadth of the web ie one half broader than Q. R (figure 15)
then make the angle A. B. C equal to 120° and take the length B. F equal to the
breadth Q. R (figure 15) the edge B. A of the piece D. B. A and the edges B.
Cand G. E of the Pentagon shaped piece must be rounded so as to prevent their
having a tendency to tear the webs when passing over them
The edge C. G does not come in contact with the web. It is better that it
should take a position such as is shown by the dotted line L N rather than that
shown by the line G. C and that B. C should be continued to the point L; by this
means the portion of the web which passes over the edge G E will have free scope
to pass if it happen to go a little below the point G; and the portion of the web
which passes over BC will be supported if it pass beyond the point C
The planes of the pieces A D. B and A. B. C. G. E. A must be inclined to one
another at an angle equal to 70° 32', approximately the edge B. A of the one piece
and the edge B. A of the other should be placed parallel and close together but
with a space between them just sufficient to allow the web to pass freely. The
breadths a, b, are passed through the reverser as illustrated by figures 14 and 15
P being the middle point of B. A (figure 19) The breadth a passes over the
edge A. B of the piece A. D. B and thence over the edge N. E of the other piece
issuing therefrom shifted transversely from its course by two such breadths as the
breadth a but so that the lines taken perpendicularly across its breadth are
parallel to lines similarly drawn across the web before it entered the reverser
The breadth passes over the same edge A. B, and thence over the edge B. L and
issues therefrom shifted transversely from its course by the same space that a was
and as before with the liues across it parallel to their former positions. The
breadths c d do not pass through the reverser e being conducted by suitable roller
or rollers over the apparatus to meet the breadth a and d being conducted under
the apparatus to meet the breadth 6 Thus the breadths b and d are brought on to
one another and similarly the breadthis a and c, a being on the contrary side of c to
that which bis of d
C
Whatever the number of rolls (provided the number of pages abreast on each
roll is not greater than four) the mechanism for treating them after they have been
printed on both sides will be precisely the same as that hereinbefore described for
three and four rolls. For example eight rolls with four pages abreast as the limit
will print any paper from 2 to 64 pages inclusive Thus figure 20 exhibits the
arrangement of the rolls when printing a 62 page paper (formes on breathwise)
and their treatment will be exactly the same as that herein before described with
reference to table S
When the number of pages abreast is more than four then whatever the number
of the rolls the treatment until they have passed between the rollers
and 9s

page_text: The longitudinal cutting will be as before i.e the webs must be severed into one
page breadths but the reverser (as described by figures 14. 15 and 19) must have
three or more edges like B L and N E instead of two only their number being such
that all the breaths except two are brought on to the said two breadths. They can
then go to the folding mechanism as before.
The webs must be severed longitudinally along more than one line
Then they must be brought by a reverser such as illustrated by figures 14. 15
and 19 or its extension just described so that all the strips are running as shown
in figures 8 and 10 Then the remainder of the treatment will be as previously
described
For example a printing mechanism capable of printing three rolls five pages
abreast would print any paper from 2 to 30 pages inclusive. Figure 21 shows the
arrangement of the rolls for a twenty eight page paper
Treating them in the manner previously described they will issue from between
the rollers g, and g, figure 3 as shown in figure 22
с
Then (having cut the rolls longitudinally along the dotted lines (figure 22) let
the breadth d by a reverser similar to figure 19 be shifted on to fand the donblo
breadth ba shifted underneath c b and so that a comes with its reverse sido
uppermost underneath c and b with its reverse side uppermost but without having
been transversely shifted. The webs will then be running as in figure 23. They
must then be severed transversely along the lines A. B. C D E F &c and then
the C. F's brought on to the A. D's in any suitable way. The webs will then bo
travelling as in figure 24 and may be conducted to any suitable folding
mechanism
I now pass to the second part of the Invention which consists in combinations
of printing mechanisin whereby the rolls of paper are printed in the manner
required for the first part of the Invention. Recurring to figure 3 P P are
forme-bearing cylinders the formes on the one being duplicates of those on the
other, C, is another forme bearing cylinder; H is the impression cylinder for the
cylinders P. P., and D., D., &c are the impression cylinders for C The course
of the web A and B can be plainly seen from the figure and no further
explanation is needed as I do not herein claim this manner of printing on
two rolls
It is obvious that the webs A and B will issue in the way hereinbefore stated
to be necessary for employing the first part of the Invention The web Z is printed
on by the forme bearing cylinders Z, and Z,
Different formes (ie formes containing different matter) must be placed on each
of them and the number of different pages on each cylinder must be (when Z is a
full breadth web) one half of the number of different pages that there are on the
cylinder C. The roll E is printed by the cylinders E, E, The formes on E₁, must
be the duplicates of those on E.; and the number of different pages on each
cylinder must be the same as the number of different pages on the Cylinder C.
The forme bearing cylinders E₁, E. Z. Z. &c may be larger than here drawn their
circumferences being any multiples of the arcs occupied by the formes and
impression cylinders being placed around each cylinder corresponding in number to
the said multiple. I have made the two impression cylinders K, and K, do duty
for four forme bearing cylinders, this however is a detail and instead four
impression cylinders may be employed in the usual way As drawn the web Z

page_text: may cause a set off on to the web E at the time they both pass between Z,
and K, a drawback which may be avoided by taking the web Z in the manner
shown in figure 25 The course of the webs in figure 3 is easily traced. The
web Z is conveyed round K, and receives an impression on one side between K₁
and Z, it then passes on between K, and Z, and receives its second impression
The web E receives its first impression between E, and K, it then passes round K,
and receives its second impression between K, and E,
In the case of the limit of the printing mechanism being an. even number of
pages across the web then when five rolls or any larger odd number of rolls are
used the roll E is not required. The pair of added rolls 1. 1'. (figure 2) may be
printed by mechanism precisely similar to that which prints the rolls A and B
After they have thus been printed on both sides one web (say No 1) may be
taken direct to and around the roller f, the other one (1) must first be taken
through a reverser such as shown in figure 4 and thence to and round the said
roller f. Any number of pairs of additional rolls may be thus printed their
positions relatively to A, B, Z, and to each other being indicated by figure 2.
When the number of rolls is even E is used and the positions of the pairs of
added rolls (relatively to A, B, E, Z and to one another) are indicated by
figure 1.
As previously observed when the number of pages across is odd then whether the
number of rolls be odd or even all the added rolls must be similar to Z and be
distributed with it alternately to the roll A and to the roll B
Turning to the folding part of the Invention Figures 26 and 27 illustrate the
folding of an uncut web, Figure 28 of sheets carried between tapes while Figure 29
more particularly describes the shape and position of the segmental cylinder E. F. A.
Referring to Figures 26 and 28 ABC is a triangular plane inade of any suitable
material and of any convenient thickness. The lower edges of its sides A B, A C
over which the web slides must be slightly rounded. The siles A B, A C are equal
in length and the angle at a may be any convenient angle but 1 prefer one not
greater than 60°, say 45°. EFA is a segmental cylinder with its axis perpen-
dicular to the triangular piece A B C It is placed close to the side BA of the latter
but with just sufficient space to allow the web (and tapes when they are used) to
travel freely between them and so that a tangent plane can be drawn to it which
will pass through the side A C of the triangular piece A B C. The triangular
piece must be placed so that its side B. C is parallel to the axis of the roller (not
shown in the figures) which conducts the web to the apparatus and so that the
lower surface A B C would if produced touch the said roller. Its position must
also be such that the longitudinal line of the web (say G H) along which the fold
is to be made passes over the middle point H of the side B C. If the fold is to
be down the middle of the web the line G H will of course be the central line of
the web
It is not absolutely necessary for the cylinder E F A to be perpendicular to the
triangular piece A B C It may be inclined at a different angle thereto provided
it is placed so as to nearly touch along one of its generating lines the plane through
A H perpendicular to the triangular piece A B C. But the perpendicular position
of the cylinder is the best and any very considerable deviation therefrom would
obstruct the proper working of the apparatus The web slides under A B C and
that portion of it which is to the left of G H passes round the side B A and thence
round the cylinder E FA and that portion which is to the right of G H passes
round C A and thence round the cylinder E F A. Thus the two portions of the
web come together along the line A and the fold is complete. The web may now
be conducted directly away from the cylinder in the tangent plane which touches
it along the line A For it may be wrapped round a portion of the cylinder as shown
in Figures 26 and 28. In either case it may afterwards be immediately conveyed
to mechanism for delivery or for further folding (as the case may be) or it may be
'first taken over any suitable turning surface so as to cause the lines drawn perpen-

page_text: dicularly across it to be parallel to lines similarly drawn on the web before it
entered the apparatus
When the folded web leaves the apparatus in the tangent plane through A F
then a steel rod of very small diameter (say one quarter of an inch) may be sub-
stituted if preferred for the segmental cylinder It must of course be fixed with
suitable stays (attached to the parts over which the web does not pass) so that
it may withstand without undue vibration the passage of the web in contact
with it
The edge B. C of the triangular piece A B. C may be slightly rounded and may
take any other position such as D. C (Figure 27) By this means the relative,
positions of the web before entering and after leaving the apparatus may be varied
while the angle at A &c remains the same. The web must pass over D C so that
G. H (the line of the fold) passes over H (H being such that HA bisects the
angle A) and that HG and H A are equally inclined to DC
Figure 29 is a section of the segmental cylinder and triangular piece and exhibits
the precise shape and position of the former SRQ is the arc of a circle which
touches A. C produced in Q and whose centre is at V. T P is the arc of an equal
circle which touches A B in P and whose centre is at W. P Q is the arc of a
circle which touches A B in P and whose centre is at O, the point of intersection
of V Q and W P. The points P and Q should be taken equally distant from and
near to the point A (nearer in fact than is shown in the figure) so that the diameter
of the circle of which P. Q is an arc be not greater than about one quarter of an
inch V. Q (ie. the radius of the cylinder) may be any convenient length and the
arc QRS may extend further than or not extend so far as it does in the figure
provided only that it extends beyond where the folded web leaves the cylinder
and the arc PT and the straight portion S T may be greater or less than shewn in
the figure. In fact the shape of the portion S. T. P is immaterial provided that
the surface has a common tangent plane at P with P. Q and that it slopes well
away from A B as indicated by the figure. The segmental cylinder having been
constructed as just described it must be placed as before directed i.c. with its axis
perpendicular to the triangular piece A B Cits tangent plane at Q passing through
A. C and with just sufficient space between it and the edge A B for the web (or
sheets and tapes as the case may be) to pass freely between at the point P. When
a steel rod as herein before mentioned is used in place of the segmental cylinder it
should be fixed so that its axis be perpendicular to A B C that it touch A C
produced and that it almost touch the side A B a slight interval between it and
A B being left for the passage of the web or sheets in tapes
The taping of the apparatus is similar to the ordinary ways of conducting sheets
in tapes. Since however the ends of the tapes will not in general come out so as
to be opposite to their previous positions skew pullies or other suitable devices
must be employed for bringing their ends together. For example Figure 28 shews
the sheets running between tapes-a, b, c, d. c. f, indicate tapes passing on one side
of the sheets as they enter the apparatus a, b, c, d, e', ', the corresponding tapes
which pass on the other side of the sheets a, b, c and a¹, b¹. c. lie to the left of the
line (GH) of the fold and d, e, f, d¹, e¹, f¹, to the right of the said line. The
tapes a¹, b, c, d, e, f, pass entirely through the apparatus and pass therefromn
with the folded sheets the three a, b, c, being on one side of them and the
three . e. f on the other as shewn in the figure-They pass on their future
coure being determined by considerations independent of the devices herein
described) and they must be ultimately returned by skew pullies or other suitable
devices their respective ends being joined to one another-The tapes a, b, c, d, e, f,
on the other side of the web do not follow the sheets throughout the whole of
their course. They pass over the edges of the triangular piece (a, b, c going round
BA and d, e, f, round CA) and they continue the same course as the tapes on the
other side of the web until they approach the line A F. As near this line as
conveniently can be skew pullies or other suitable devices are placed over which
the tapes are returned and ultimately by means of other suitably placed pullies

page_text: brought back to their original positions and their ends joined. X, Y, Z represent
in the figure the pullies for returning the tapes a. b. c, (but they can be placed
nearer the line A F than they are in the drawing) The skew pullies for returning
the corresponding tapes d. c. f. for the other half of the web are hidden by the web
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that I do not claim the use of a triangular
shaped piece for folding longitudinally a travelling web because its use is disclosed
in the Specification of British Letters Patent No 2764, 1862 and in the Specification
of the said British Letters Patent No 3319, 1870
What I herein claim as the Invention is :-
First. The combining together (when they issue from any printing mechanism
in the way hereinbefore described) of two, three, four or more rolls substantially in
the manner and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated
Second. The combination herein before described of five forme bearing cylinders
and three rolls whereby the said three rolls are printed on both sides substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described and illustrated
Third The combination hereinbefore described of four rolls and seven forme
bearing cylinders whereby the said four rolls are printed on both sides sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and
illustrated
Fourth The combination hereinbefore described of any number of rolls greater
than four and a proportionate number of forme bearing cylinders whereby the
said rolls are printed on both sides substantially in the manner and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and illustrated
Fifth The combination of a triangular piece and of a segmental cylinder or
thin rod at right angles to the plane thereof whereby a travelling web or sheets in
tapes are folded longitudinally without stopping the motion of the same substantially
in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated
In witness whercof I the said John Henry Johnson have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal this sixteenth day of June One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.