Improvements in or connected with Thermometers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Thermometers.
We, ALFRED THOMAS RAPKIN, trading as Pastorelli and Rapkin, of 46 Hatton
Garden, Scientific Instrument Makers, and FRANK, Cosson, Experimental Glass
Blower, of 15 Clerkenwell Green, both in the County of London, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with thermometers, and
has for its object to enable the minimum or maximum temperature of one day to be
readily compared with that of another.
"
According to our invention we provide any ordinary thermometers with an
additional tube which we term a " vernier or registering tube, sealed at both ends,
and which may contain a suitable liquid. Within such "vernier" tube we place a
movable index or indicator, advantageously composed of a magnetic metal so as to
be capable of being moved up or down by means of a magnet applied from the
outside. The "vernier or index tube may be furnished with a scale whose
divisions are arranged to correspond with those of the thermometer scale.
دو
By shifting the movable index or indicator up or down within the "vernier"
tube, said movable index can be brought to coincide with the movable index of
the thermometer when such is a registering thermometer, or with the level of the
mercury, or the fluid, in the tube of a non-registering thermometer, and the
movable index can then be shifted into position for taking a fresh reading. When
the next reading is taken, the difference between the temperatures indicated by the
"vernier" index and the thermometer index, or the level of the mercury or fluid,
can be quickly read off, and the difference in temperature between one day and
another can thus be readily ascertained.
If desired, we may employ several "vernier" tubes instead of one, so that a
record of the maximum or minimum differences of temperature existing between
several days can be kept and be compared.
When applying our invention to a Six's, or other self-registering thermometer,
we may employ either a single "vernier " tube, which can be conveniently located
between the limbs of the thermometer tube, or we may employ two "vernier" tubes
similarly arranged, and in the latter case we can thus register and compare both the
maximum and the minimum temperature of one day with those of another. Or
instead of using two separate tubes, as above mentioned, we may employ a single
tube so bent as to constitute two limbs, and into each of these limbs we place a
separate index or indicator.
Doted this 21st day of Janu 180
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Thermometers.
We, ALFRED THOMAS RAPKIN, trading as Pastorelli and Rapkin, of 46 Hatton
Garden, Scientific Instrument Makers, and FRANK COSSOR, Experimental Glass
Blower, of 15 Clerkenwell Green, both in the County of London, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
527

page_text: statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters
and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with thermometers, and
has for its object to enable the minimum maximum or other temperature of one day
to be readily compared with that of another.
"
According to our invention, and in one arrangement, we provide any ordinary or
non-registering thermometer with an additional independent tube, which we term a
vernier," or registering or indicating tube. It is sealed at both ends and may
contain a suitable liquid. Within such vernier or indicating tube, we place a
movable index or indicator, advantageously composed of a magnetic metal, such as
steel, so as to be capable of being moved up or down by means of a magnet
applied from the outside. The vernier or indicating tube is furnished with a
scale whose divisions are arranged to correspond with those of the thermometer
scale.
By shifting the movable indicator up or down within the vernier or indicating
tube, said movable indicator can be brought to coincide with the movable index of
the thermometer when such is a registering thermometer; or with the level of the
mercury or the liquid in the tube of a non-registering thermometer, and the
movable index or indicator can then be shifted into position for taking a fresh
reading. When the next reading is taken, the difference between the temperatures
indicated by the vernier or indicating tube, and the thermometer indicator, or the
level of the mercury or liquid, can be quickly read off, and the difference in the
temperature between one day and another can thus be readily ascertained.
If desired, we may employ several vernier or indicating tubes instead of one, so
that a record or table of the maximum or minimum differences of temperature
existing between several days can be kept and he compared.
When applying our invention to a Six's, or other self registering thermometer,
we may employ either a single vernier or indicating tube, which can be conveniently
located between the limbs of the thermometer tube, or we may employ two vernier
or indicating tubes similarly arranged, and in the latter case we can thus register
and compare both the maximum and the minimum temperature of one day with
those of another. Or instead of using two separate tubes, as above mentioned, we
may employ a single tube so bent as to constitute two limbs, and into each of these
limbs we place a separate indicator.
And in order that our invention may be readily understood and carried into
effect, we proceed to describe the same fully with reference to the accompanying
drawings which illustrate various applications of our invention.
Fig. 1 shows a Six's self-registering minimum and maximum thermometer
provided with a single " vernier or indicating tube; and Fig. 2 is a cross-section
thercof.
Fig. 3 also shows a Six's thermometer, but provided with two vernier or
indicating tubes.
Fig. 4 shows a bent vernier or indicating tube which may be used in place of
the two vernier or indicating tubes shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows an ordinary thermometer provided with a single vernier or
indicating tube.
In all these figures like letters indicate similar parts.
Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, a, a¹, are the two limbs of the
thermometer tube between which the vernier or independent and parallel indicating
tube is situated, these tubes being retained in place upon the plate c, by means
of clips d, or in any other suitable manner. e, e, are the minimum and maximum
indices or indicators respectively, and is the index or indicator of the tube b.
The plate c is provided with the ordinary Fahrenheit or other scale, the divisions
thereof being prolonged so as to enable the scale to be conveniently read off from
either the thermometer tube or the vernier or indicating tube. In this figure the
minimum index or indicator e is at 20°, while the index or indicator f-which was
set when the previous reading was taken, to the temperature then indicated by the

page_text: minimum index or indicator e-is at 70°. By comparing these two readings the
difference in the minimum temperature existing between, say, two days is easily
ascertained. In this instance it would be 70° 20°.
= 50°
-
In the arrangement shown by Fig. 3, the limbs of the thermometer tube are
formed wider apart so as to permit of two independent and parallel indicating
tubes,, or the bent vernier or indicating tube 2 (Fig. 4), being situated
between said limbs, and thus enable both the maximum and minimum temperatures
to be compared. This figure shows the thermometer indicators e and e' shifted into
position for taking a fresh reading, while the indicators, and " are shown in the
positions to which they have been set to show the previous maximum and minimum
readings.
When the independent and parallel indicating vernier tube is applied to an
ordinary or non-registering thermometer, as shown at Fig. 5, the difference in
temperature existing at certain fixed times can be compared. Thus, if the
temperature indicated by the mercury or the liquid in the thermometer tube y at,
say, 2 o'clock p.m. be 60°, and the same be shown by means of the vernier or
indicating index or indicator, we can, by taking a fresh reading at, say, 6 o'clock p.m.
readily ascertain the difference in temperature between the two readings.
Instead of arranging the independent and parallel indicating tubes between the
limbs of the thermometer tube, as shown in the drawings, we can, if required,
arrange the vernier or indicating tubes on each side of the thermometer tube.
Having thus described our invention, and the manner of carrying it into effect,
we wish it to be understood that we do not claim an indicating device in a glass
tube, and moved by the changes of temperature, and set by a magnet, nor do we
claim an indicating device combined with a thermometer and capable of being
set by hand, as it is liable to be moved accidentally or designedly, but what we do
claim is :-
1. The combination with a thermometer of an independent glass tube having an
indicator or index therein that is not influenced by the changes of temperature, but
is set in either direction by a magnet, substantially as specified.
2. The combination, with a thermometer having indicators or indices that are
moved by changes of temperature, of an adjacent parallel and independent glass
tube having an indicator or index therein that is not influenced by the changes of
temperature, but is set in either direction by a magnet, substantially as specified.
3. The combination, with a thermometer, of an adjacent parallel and independent
glass tube having an indicator or index therein that is not influenced by the changes
of temperature, but is set in either direction by a magnet, and a scale the divisions
of which are common to both the thermometer tube and the independent "vernier
or indicating tube, substantially as specified.
"
4. The combination with an indicating thermometer having two connected
parallel limbs a, a', and having indicators or indices that are moved by changes of
temperature, of an independent glass tube between the said limbs and adjacent
and parallel thereto, and having an indicator or index therein that is not influenced
by changes of temperature, but is set in either direction by a magnet, and a scale,
the divisions of which are common to both the thermometer tube and the
independent indicating or yernier tube, substantially as specified.
5. Our improvements in or connected with thermometers, substantially as
described and shown with reference to the annexed drawings.
.: ניח
51...
1000
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 6, Victoria Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicants.