IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING ARTICLES WHEN MATERIALS ARE EMPLOYED." INDIA-RUBBER COMBINED WITH OTHER
Year: 1852

page_text: Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOULDING ARTICLES WHEN
MATERIALS ARE EMPLOYED."
INDIA-RUBBER COMBINED WITH OTHER
Scaled the 8th January 1853, and dated the 1st October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Moses Poole at the
office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his petition, on the
1st October 1852.
I, MOSES POOLE, of Serle Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentle-
5 man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MOULDING ARTICLES WHEN INDIA-RUBBER COMBINED WITH OTHER
MATERIALS ARE EMPLOYED" to be as follows:-
This Invention is a communication from America, on behalf of
Mr. Goodyear, the Inventor, and consists of using sheets of India-rubber
0 combined with sulphur, with or without other materials, and with such
sheets the moulds are to be lined, and the moulds then filled with sand,
or other fine or pulverized matter which will bear the necessary heat, by
which the sheets are caused to be pressed into every part of the mould,
and the same are then to be subjected to a 'high degree of heat till a
5 hard substance is produced.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent filed by the said Moses Poole, in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 30th March 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
MOSES POOLE, of Serle Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of October in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth year
of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Moses Poole, Her special licence that I, the said
Moses Poole, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Moses Poole, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING ARTICLES WHEN INDIA-
RUBBER COMBINED WITH OTHER MATERIALS ARE EMPLOYED," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Moses Poole, by an instru-
nient in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Moses Poole, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention is a communication from America, on behalf of
Mr. Goodyear, the Inventor, and consists of using sheets of India-rubber
combined with sulphur, with or without other materials, and with such

page_text: sheets the moulds are lined, and the moulds then filled with sand, or other
fine or pulverized matter (which will bear the necessary heat), by which
the sheets are caused to be pressed with every part of the mould, and the
same are then to be subjected to a high degree of heat till a hard sub-
stance is produced; and in order that the Invention may be more fully
understood, and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the
means practised in America, and as communicated to me. The moulds
employed, it is preferred, should be of metal, and generally of sheet
metal, though metal in other forms, as well as other materials, may be
used, this Invention not being for the construction or use of particular
moulds, but for a mode of moulding articles, when using sheets or thin
forms of India-rubber combined with sulphur, with or without other
matters, and converting such matters into a hard substance by heat when
in the moulds. According to the nature of the article to be moulded, so
will be the character of the mould used; thus, supposing it were desired
to mould a drinking cup, or other form of vessel, of the materials above
mentioned, in which case a mould of sheet or other metal or material
would be employed; having its internal form of the shape and character
intended to be given to exterior of the article intended to be moulded
therein, and the sides or other parts thereof may be ornamented by
embossing or otherwise, and the mould is to be of one or more parts,
according to the shape of the article. Moulds of several parts are used
where the openings into them are less than other parts, and also where
the ornamental parts are so undercut as to require the moulds to be
taken to pieces, in order, by separating the parts of the moulds (after
the moulding has been completed), to get the articles moulded therein
out of the moulds. In using such a mould, the bottom is generally
first covered with a portion of a sheet of the prepared India-rubber, then
the upper part of the mould is to be lined with another portion or other
portions of a sheet of prepared India-rubber, the parts which are to
be joined being first coated with India-rubber cement, having therein
sulphur; or in place of lining the mould by applying the separate
pieces in succession within the mould, the separate pieces which are to

page_text: form an article may be joined or connected together before intro-
ducing the same into the mould. Having lined the mould, sand, or
other fine granular matter which will bear the heat hereafter men-
tioned, is to be introduced into and pressed within the mould, and with-
in the article therein, by which means the prepared India-rubber will be
caused to enter all parts of the mould, both the ornamental as well as
other parts, and in this state all matters are to be retained till the
desired result has been obtained.
I would remark, that India-rubber, both alone and with other mate-
rials, has before been combined with sulphur, and such compounds have
been subjected to heat, and hard articles, both moulded and otherwise,
have been thereby, and by the aid of heat, obtained, and for which Letters
Patent were taken by a Mr. Newton, in One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-one, in behalf of Mr. Goodyear, no claim is therefore made under the
present Letters Patent for manufacturing hard materials by such means,
but only the mode of moulding articles thereof, as herein explained. The
articles placed in moulds, and made of prepared India-rubber, as before
mentioned, are next to be subjected to heat in any convenient manner for
about six hours, and it is found that the following mode of regulating the
heat is desirable, viz., to raise the heat slowly for about half an hour up to
230° of Fahrenheit, and to retain the same at that temperature for about
two hours, and then to raise the heat gradually during the remainder of
the six hours up to 295° to 305° of Fahrenheit, the lower of these two
temperatures appearing to produce the more tough or horny character,
and the latter temperature producing more the character of whale-
bone. In combining India-rubber with sulphur, other materials, such
as pigments or colouring matters, may be used as well as sulphur, as
has heretofore been done, and to which no claim is made; and in place
of using sulphur, matters composed partly of or combined with sulphur
may be used, so long as the requisite sulphur may be present with the
India-rubber, when heat is applied thereto, to produce the result above
mentioned; and. I may state, that it is found that about one part by
weight of sulphur to two parts by weight of India-rubber produce the
best results.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the details herein given, so long as the peculiar character of
the Invention be retained; but what is claimed is the mode herein
described of moulding articles made of India-rubber (either with or
without other matters) combined with sulphur.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of March in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
MOSES POOLE. (L.S.)
Witness, B. GOBEY.