IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING, COOLING, OR COOKING
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN HENRY Locu, of South Norwood, in the County of Surrey, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
HEATING, COOLING, OR COOKING " to be as follows:-
This invention relates more especially to apparatus for heating water for baths
and other such like domestic purposes, but it is also applicable, more or less, to
apparatus for heating or cooling water or other liquids, for other purposes, or for
heating or cooling gases or vapours, and also for cooking and heating or cooling
purposes generally.
The improved apparatus as applied for heating and cooking purposes consists of
the following arrangements :-
The water, for example, or other liquid to be heated, is contained in a tank of
suitable shape but preferably oblong in plan. The bottom of this tank is composed
of a combustion box open at the bottom and secured by its lower edges watertight
to the sides and ends of the tank so as to leave a liquid space all round between its
sides and ends, and those of the tank surrounding it, somewhat in the same manner
as the water spaces round the firebox of a locomotive. Extending from end to end
of the aforesaid combustion box, secured in the ends thereof, and opening into the
liquid spaces at the ends, are any desired number of flat chambers or tubes,
arranged in such manner that the heated products of combustion or hot air given
off by a lamp, a gas burner or other source of heat, placed below or in the aforesaid
combustion box, has to pass in thin streams or stratum, and by a more or less
devious course, between the said flat chambers or tubes before escaping to the
chimney which rises from the top of the said box through the water in the tank.
This chimney is preferably oblong at the top so as to deliver the products of
combustion in a thin flat stream or stratum to the underside of the cover of the
tank beneath which they have to traverse before finally escaping through openings
provided for that purpose, or they may be allowed to issue direct from the chimney
into the atmosphere by the insertion of suitable valves or dampers. The cover of
the tank is formed as a shallow tray, and the water to supply the tank is admitted
first to this tray, where it begins to be warmed by the gases or hot air passing
below the tray from the chimney to the outlet openings for the products of
combustion. A short distanco below the said tray and inside the tank is fixed
an inclined plate, and the water falls from the tray in a divided condition on to
the said inclined plate, down which it is conducted, in a direction opposite to, but

page_text: in contact with the escaping gases from the chimney. The before mentioned flat
chambers or tubes contain water, and it will be readily understood that as they
are placed at a slight angle to the horizon longitudinally, when heat is applied to
such flat chambers or tubes and the water in them is warmned a circulation of water
takes place through them from the water space at one end of the combustion box
to that at the other end thereof, and that the warmed water rises to the upper
part of the tank. To provide for the supply of a small quantity of heated water
quickly, without waiting for the whole of the water in the tank to be heated, an
arrangement of damper or valve is provided to cover the water space, at that end
of the combustion box where the tubes aro Bighest, at which end the end-plate of
the combustion box extends to the sides of the tank to facilitate proper circulation..
This damper prevents the heated water from rising to the top of the tank and
allows of its being drawn off through a tap opening into the said water space.
By inserting a case or chamber watertight into the tank with one end or side
opening to the atmosphere at a side or end of the tank, such opening being
provided with a suitable door or cover, and efficient water oven for cooking or
warining may be combined with the water heater, and by a proper arrangement
of pipes, any steam given off from the heated water in the tank may be conducted
to such oven, so as to convert it into a steaming arrangement for warming or cooking
food or other substances. A steamer for steaming food may also be formed by the-
top of the tank being suitably enclosed.
The space below the combustion box may be more or less enclosed or otherwise
adapted to act as a cooking oven by the heat radiated downwards from the burner
and from the combustion box.
Instead of flat chamber or tubes circular or other forms of tubes may be used
in the combustion box but they should be so disposed as to force the heated gases
to remain as long as possible in contact with them, for example, they may be
placed closed together-so-as-to-forco the products of combustion to pass over
them in thin streams or strata in the same way as over the flat chambers
By the arrangements above described the utmost economy of fuel is attained as
the products of combustion or hot air are thoroughly cooled down before they
finally escape; and all odour is removed from such products of combustion or hot
air by their coming in contact with and being washed, as it were, by the water
entering the tank.
I sometimes employ horizontal flat chambers or other air tubes running from end
to end of the upper part of the tank and opening into the atmosphore, thus
forming an apparatus for heating air in rooms, conservatories and such like.
It is obvious that the above described arrangements of flat chambers, or of tubes
placed close together may be employed in the construction of steam boilers,
condensers, attemperators, refrigerators, and other apparatus for the purpose of
imparting heat to, or extracting heat from; liquids, gases, or vapours generally.
Dated this tenth day of Tanami 190A

page_text: I, JOHN HENRY LOCH, of South Norwood, in the County of Surroy, Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
HEATING, COOLING OR COOKING" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying sheet of Drawings and to the letters and Figures
anarked thereon, that is to say :—-
This invention relates more especially to apparatus for heating water for baths
and other such like domestic purposes, but it is also applicable, more or less, to
apparatus for heating or cooling water or other liquids for other purposes, or for
heating or cooling gases or vapours and for cooking and heating or cooling purposes
generally.
The improved apparatus as applied for heating and cooking purposes consists of
the arrangements illustrated in the sheet of Drawings annexed hereto, in which
Figure 1 is an elevation of the complete apparatus, Figure 2 a longitudinal vertical
section, Figure 3 a transverse vertical section on line 1-1 of Figure 2, and Figure 4
a horizontal section on line 2-2 of Figures 2 and 3.
The water, for example, or other liquid to be heated is contained in a tank A of
suitable shape but preferably oblong in plan. The bottom of this tank is composed
of a combustion box B open at the bottom and secured by its lower edges water-
tight to the sides and ends of the tank so as to leave a liquid space Call round
between its sides and ends, and those of the tank A surrounding it somewhat in the
same manner as the water spaces round the firebox of a locomotive. Extending
from end to end of the aforesaid combustion box B, secured in the ends thereof, and
opening into the liquid spaces C at the ends, are any desired number of flat
chambers or tubes D, arranged in such manner that the heated products of
combustion or hot air given off by a lamp, a gas burner E, or other source of heat
placed below or in the aforesaid combustion box has to pass in thin streams or
strata, and by a more or less devious course (indicated by the arrows) between the
said flat chambers or tubes D before escaping to the chimney F which rises from
the top of the said combustion box B through the water in the tank. I have found
the arrangement and relative positions of the chambers or tubes D shown in
Figures 2 and 3 to give the best results. The chimney F is preferably oblong at
the top so as to deliver the products of combustion in a thin flat stream or stratum
to the underside of the cover G of the tank beneath which they have to traverse
before finally escaping through openings provided at H for that purpose or they
may be allowed to issue direct into the atmosphere from the chimney F through
openings at I if preferred, a sliding or other suitable damper or air valve I' being
applied to the openings at I to allow of their being closed or opened at pleasure.
The cover G of the tank A is formed as a shallow tray, and when the water is to
be supplied to the tank in a continuous stream and drawn off therefrom continuously
by the cock J as, for example, when it is required to heat the water for a bath, it
may be admitted first to this tray, where it begins to be warmed by the gases or
hot air passing below the said tray G from the chimney F to the outlet openings at

page_text: H for the products of combustion. When however it is only required to heat a
comparatively small quantity of water such as the contents of the tank A, the
water may be poured in through the funnel-like passage K, by which passage the
water is guided away from that part of the water space C from which the cock J
delivers, to the top of the combustion chamber B. A short distance below the the
cover or tray G, and inside the tank A is fixed an inclined plate L and the water
falls from the tray G through the holes M in the bottom thereof in a divided
condition on to the said inclined plate L, down which it is conducted, in a direction
opposite to, but in contact with the escaping gases from the chimney F. The
before mentioned: flat chambers or tubes D contain water in common with the
water spaces C, and it will be readily-understood that as they are placed at a slight
angle to the horizon longitudinally, when heat is applied to such chambers or tubes,
and the water in them is warmed a circulation of water takes place through them
from the water space C into which they open at their lower ends to the water
_ space C into which they open at their upper ends, and that the warmed water rises
to the upper part of the tank-A from whence it passes by the chamber or passage N
to the cock J.
To provide for the supply of a small quantity of heated water quickly, without
waiting for the whole of the water in the tank A to be heated, a damper or valve O
operated by a rod O is or may be provided to cover the water space at that end
of the combustion box B where the tubes aro highest at which end the end plate
of the combustion box B extends to the sides of the tank A to facilitate proper
circulation. This damper or valve 0 prevents the heated water from rising to the
top of the tank, and allows of its being drawn off from the space C through the
chamber or passage N and the tap J.
S is a small waining pipe which forms an overflow from the tank A in order to
prevent the water flowing down the Duc 1 when too much water is being admitted
into the tank A..
-
'
By inserting a ense-or-chamber P-watertight-into-the-tank-A-with one_end_
or side opening to the atmosphere at a 'side or end of the said tank, such opening
being provided with a suitable door or cover Q an efficient water oven for cooking
or warming may be combined with the water heater, and by a proper arrangement
of pipes any steam given off from the heated water in the tank may if desired be
conducted to such oven, so as to convert it into a steaming arrangement for
warming or cooking food or other substances. A steamer for steaming food may
also be formed by suitably enclosing the top of the tank over the tray G.
The space R below the combustion box B may be more or less enclosed, or
otherwise adapted to act as a cooking oven by the heat radiated downwards from
the gas burner E and from the combustion box B.
Instead of flat chambers or tubes, circular or other forms of tubes may be used
in the combustion box B but they should be so disposed as to force the heated gases
to remain as long as possible in contact with them. For example, they may be
placed as close together as possible so as to force the products of combustion to pass
over them in thin streams or strata in the same way as over the flat chambers.
By the arrangements above described the utmost economy of fuel is attained as
the products of combustion or hot air are thoroughly cooled down before they
Lnally escape.
I sometimes employ horizontal flat chambers or other air tubes running from end
to end to end of the upper part of the tank, and opening into the atmosphero thus
forming an apparatus for heating air in rooms, conservatories and such like.
It is obvious that the above described arrangements of flat chambers or of tubes
placed close together may be employed in the construction of steam boilers,
condensers, atteinperators, refrigerators, and other apparatus for the purpose of
imparting heat to or extracting heat from liquids, gases or vapours generally.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
nvention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
[claim is :-
The improved apparatus for heating, cooling and cooking, consisting of the liquid
tank A, combustion chamber B, flat or other chambers or tubes D, cover or
tray G, with holes M in the bottom thereof, chimney F (with or without tho
damper or valve 1) and with or without the case or chamber P forming a
water oven and with or without the space below the combustion chamber B
forming a cooking oven, the whole arranged, combined and operating
substantially as as herein before described and illustrated in the Drawings
hereto annexed.