Improvements in or relating to Dust, Refuse, and similar Carts or Wagons.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Dust, Refuse, and similar Carts or
Wagons.
I, THOMAS EDWARD GROVES, Knighton Lane, Aylestone Park, Leicester, Coach
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to covered carts and wagons used in connection with the
collection and conveyance of the contents of dust bins, and street orderlies and
for other analogous purposes, and has for its object to construct a cart of the
type named in such a manner that the contents of the dust bins or street order-
lies (hereinafter referred to as dust-bins) may be automatically ejected into the
cart and any part of such contents prevented escaping.
According to my invention I provide the back of the cart with a cage or
framing having suitable mechanism combined therewith so that when a dust-bin
is placed on the said cage it will be raised so as to discharge the contents of
the dust-bin through an opening into the interior of the cart.
This opening is maintained normally closed by a door or doors but mechanism
may be combined with or operated by the cage or framing so that the door or
doors will be automatically opened to permit the discharge of the contents of the
dust-bin and will be automatically closed when the cage is withdrawn so as to
prevent the escape of any of the contents of the cart.
A cart constructed on this principle may have combined therewith mechanisms
varying in combination to actuate the cage in the manner and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
According to one mode of carrying out the invention I provide a cage or
framing of any suitable construction to receive and hold a dust-bin.
This cage or framing is mounted on a shaft running the whole length of the
back of the cart and carried in brackets fixed near the upper edge thereof.
The said shaft has a spiral spring encircling it, one end of which is attached
thereto, while the other end is connected to a sleeve partly or wholly enclosing
the spring and shaft so that when the cage is in its lowered position ready to
receive a dust-bin the said spring is in a state of compression or wound up, the
power of which is to be used to elevate the dust-bin as hereinafter described.
While the cage is in its lower position it is held there, against the action of
the said spring and a spring or springs to be described, by means of any suit-
able catch or detent under the control of the dustman.
One form of detent may consist of a hook ended arm adapted to engage the
bottom of the cage and jointed to a convenient part of the cart and held in
position by a spring so that as the cage is lowered, it will be automatically
engaged thereby.
The cage is also provided at one or each side with an additional arrangement
of springs for assisting the spring hereinbefore mentioned in raising the cage
with a full dust-bin to deliver the contents of the latter into the cart.
This latter arrangement may consist of two or more telescoped tubes having a

page_text: spiral spring therein, one end of the said tubes being pivotally connected to the
cage or an arm projecting therefrom while the other end is similarly attached to
.the cart or an arm fixed thereto.
When the cage is held in its lowered position these tubes are telescoped one
within the other and the spring compressed, but when the cage holding-catch
herein before mentioned is released the spring within the telescopic tubes acts
in conjunction with the springs around the cage shaft and assists in the elevation
of the cage and its load."
The cover of the cart may be of semi-circular or other section, but for general
practical purposes would conform to the shape of the dust-bin now so generally
in use and the opening in the end of the cover at the back of the cart would
be that through which the contents of the dust-bin would be pitched.
This opening would be covered by doors adapted to open and close automati-
cally when the dust-bin was being raised and lowered respectively as herein-
before stated.
Each of these doors may be arranged to move on a pivot or fulcrum near its
outer end and for opening and closing, a projecting pin thereon would be located
in a groove or slot in a curved lever connected to the shaft or its sleeve and
actuated by the motion of the latter for that purpose.
"
The mechanism for automatically opening and closing the said doors may be
varied without departing from the invention..
•
The cart may be provided with suitable doors for emptying purposes or to allow
access to the contents when required.
Dated 10411. 1
11
Improvements in or relating to Dust, Refuse, and similar Carts or
Wagons.
I, THOMAS EDWARD GROVES, Knighton Lane, Aylestone Park, Leicester, Coach
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in' and' by
the following statement:-
1"
This invention relates to covered carts and wagons used in connection with the
collection and conveyance of the contents of dust bins, and street orderlies and
for other analogous purposes and has for its object to construct a cart of the
type named in such a manner that the contents of the dust bins or street order-
lies (hereinafter referred to as dust-bins) may be automatically ejected into the
cart and any part of such contents prevented escaping.
According to my invention I provide the back of the cart with a cage or
framing having suitable mechanism combined therewith so that when a dust-bin
is placed on the said cage it will be raised so as to discharge the contents of
the dust-bin through an opening into the interior of the cart.
This opening is maintained normally closed by doors but mechanism. may be
combined with or operated by the cage or framing so that the doors will be
automatically opened to permit the discharge of the contents of the dust-bin and
will be automatically closed when the cage is withdrawn so as to prevent the
escape of any of the contents of the cart.
A cart constructed on this principle may have combined therewith mechanisms
varying in combination to actuate the cage in the manner and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a covered dust cart embodying my invention.
Figure 2 is a back elevation thereof, and,
Figure 3 is a similar view with the cage in its raised position and the dust-
bin ejecting its contents through the opening in the cart cover, the doors of
which are in their open position.
Figure 4 is a detail representing a section on an enlarged scale of the telescopic
tubes and contained spring, the latter in its compressed position.
Figure 5 is a detail on an enlarged scale of the detent for holding the cage in
its lowered position.
Figures 6 and 7 are details the former in elevation and the latter in section
on the line X X of Figure of the door and its pivotal connection.
The body A of the cart may be constructed in the well known manner and be
provided with any suitable cover thereto.
و
In the present representation the cover A' is of semi-circular section as shown
and is open ended at the back of the cart the said open end being closable by
doors B which by automatic mechanism as hereinafter described are opened to
permit a full dust-bin to discharge its contents into the cart and are closed to
prevent the escape of the contents after being discharged.
C is a cage or framing adapted to carry a dust-bin.
The said cage or framing may be of any suitable construction but one found
convenient for the purpose consists as shown in the drawings of vertical and
horizontal members C₁ and C respectively, strengthened by side stays C² and
provided on each side with a spring C or equivalent device to engage the
handles D and hold the dust-bin D on the cage.
The said springs can be unhooked and released to admit of the dust-bin D
being placed on or removed from the lifting cage before and after being emptied
respectively.
The vertical members have each a horizontal extension C³ at its upper end
furnished with a boss C to fit movably over a stationary shaft E extending from
side to side across the back of the cart and supported in brackets or bearings F
secured by bolts F¹ to the cart body A.
At each end of the shaft E a spiral spring G encircles it, one end of the latter
being fixed by a pin G₁ or other means to the shaft itself and the other end is
turned under the arm C5 of the cage as in Figure 1.
","
When the cage is in its lowered position as indicated in Figures 1 and 2 ready
to receive a dust-bin D shown thereon, the spring G is wound up or in a state
of compression, so as to be capable of lifting the dust-bin as. hereinafter
described.
The cage is also provided with a rearward extension H whose free end is
bifurcated and attached by a pin connection to a lug J on the bottom of a tube J¹
containing a spiral spring J and also a tube of smaller diameter J³ the upper
end of which is also attached by a pin connection J to the forked end of a
bracket arm K fixed by screws K¹ to the end of the cart as shown most clearly
n Figures and 3.
When the cage is in its lowered position indicated in Figures 1 and 2 ready
to receive a laden dust-bin the tube J³ is telescoped within the tube J¹ and the
spring J is compressed between the closed ends of the two tubes as clearly
ndicated in Figure 4, preparatory to exerting its power in the raising of
he bin.
The bottom of the cage is furnished with an angle iron or other catch C
dapted to automatically engage a detent L as the cage is descending and retain
he cage in its lowered position until it is again released.
The hooked end of the detent is furnished with an inclined nose L' so that
hen the catch C7 strikes it, it will rise slightly to let the catch get at the back
f the hook to be engaged thereby.

page_text: The rear end of the catch is centred between lugs on a plate M fixed by
screws M¹ to the back of the cart while a spring M2 bearing on the upper edge
of the detent L bears it downwardly and a shoulder L² on the boss of the detent L
abuts against the plate M and prevents the catch getting below the horizontal
line so that it is maintained in position to be automatically engaged by the
catch plate C7 when the cage descends.
As hereinbefore described the mouth or opening in the ends of the cart
cover A¹ is closed by doors B which are automatically opened when the cage
and dust-bin are raised to discharge the contents of the latter through the mouth
of the cover and automatically closed as the cage and dust-bin are lowered.
To effect these operations each of the doors B is pivotted at its lower outer
corner to a plate N₁ screwed to the cover, thereby forming a centre or fulcrum Nj
on which it can swing to and fro to open or close, the said doors being shown
in their open positions in Figure 3.
To effect the automatic action of the doors each of the latter is furnished with
a plate N2 having curved extensions N which pass through a curved slotted
lever on the boss C6 which is movable on the shaft E so that when the cage
rises with its laden dust-bin and partly rotates the said boss the curved lever O
on the latter depresses the extension N and lowers or opens the doors as in
Figure 3 and when the cage is lowered the reverse action takes place and the
doors are closed.
The tension of the spring G may be regulated by rotating the stationary shaft E
through the medium of a detachable crank handle E¹ fitted on the square end of
the shaft, the latter having a ratchet wheel E2 fast thereon engaging a detent E³
to prevent unwinding.
The detent is fulcrummed to a plate E connected to the side of the cart
body A.
The action of the mechanism is as follows:-
A laden dust-bin is placed on the cage C when the latter is in the lowered
position indicated in Figures 1 and 2 and held there by the detent L.
The springs C3 are then hooked on to the handles D¹ of the dust-bin D where-
upon the carter, either by hand or by rod or lever releases the detent L and frees
the cage.
The springs G around the shaft E then exert their influence under the arms C³
and rotate the bosses C to thereby elevate the cage and dust-bin, being assisted
in their action by the spring J2 within the telescopic tubes JJ which extends
the latter and imparts a lifting and rotative force behind the cage.
These combined forces raise the cage and dust-bin so that the mouth of the
latter becomes opposite to and in register with the mouth in the cover A' and
the contents of the dust-bin are discharged into the cart.
While the cage is rising with its load the doors B of the cover A' are being
opened by means of the slotted curved levers 0 acting on the extension pins N3
to permit the contents of the bin D to be ejected through the mouth of the
cover A and as the cage C and empty dust-bin D are being lowered or pulled
down by the carter or attendant, the reverse action of the curved levers O takes
place and the doors B are closed to prevent any of the contents of the cart
escaping into the atmosphere.
Doors PP in the body and R in the well A2 of the cart are provided for
emptying and cleaning purposes.
The invention is not confined to the details of construction hereinbefore
described as it is obvious these may be varied within the skill of the mechanic
without departing from the principle of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;-
1. A covered cart provided with a cage or framing to carry a laden dust-bin

page_text: or the like and mechanism to automatically raise the said cage to cause it to
discharge the contents of the dust-bin into the cart.
2. A covered cart provided with a cage or framing to carry a laden dust-bin
or the like, mechanism to automatically raise the cage to discharge the contents
of the dust-bin through an opening in the cart, doors to close the said opening,,
and mechanism to automatically open and close the said doors for the purpose
described.
3. A covered cart provided with a cage or framing adapted to carry a dust-bin
or the like and an arrangement of springs and intermediate mechanism whereby
the said cage and dust-bin are actuated to discharge the contents of the latter
into the cart.
4. In a covered cart the combination of a shaft, a cage or framing hung thereon
and adapted to carry a dust-bin or the like, and means for rotating and lifting
the cage and dust-bin to cause the latter to eject its contents into the cart.
5. In a covered cart the combination of a shaft, a cage or framing hung thereon
and adapted to carry a dust-bin or the like, an arrangement of springs to exert
a rotative and lifting force on the cage to cause the dust-bin carried by the latter
to discharge its contents into the cart.
6. In a covered cart the combination of a dust-bin carrying cage and mech-
anism for elevating the same and for opening and closing doors in the cart before
and after the contents of the dust-bin are discharged into the latter.
7. In a covered cart the combination of a stationary shaft, a cage hung thereon
and adapted to carry a dust-bin or the like, a spring or springs around the said
shaft arranged to exert a lifting and rotative force on the said cage and spring
governed telescopic tubes arranged at the back of the cage to supplement the
action of the said spring or springs for the purpose described.
8. In a covered cart the combination of a stationary shaft, a cage hung thereon
and adapted to carry a dust-bin or the like and mechanism to raise and lower
the said cage for the purpose specified, a spring or springs G around the said
shaft, adapted to rotate a boss C, arm C³ and curved slotted lever O to cause the
latter to open and close the doors in the cart in the manner and for the purpose
described.
9. The improved dust cart consisting of the parts constructed, arranged and
operating substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Datcu UHIS
4th day
01 November 1899.
1
Witness:-
E. N. LEWIS,
Berridge Street Chambers, Leicester.
THOS. E. GROOVES.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant..