IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Sadler, of Birmingham; in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, and Josiah Green, of Birmingham aforesaid,
Manufacturer, and Thomas Davis, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manu-
facturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
HINGES."
Sealed the 2nd December 1856, and dated the 17th June 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Sadler, Josiah Green,
and Thomas Davis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 17th June 1856.
We, JOHN SADLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, and JOSIAH GREEN, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS DAVIS, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
HINGES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of machinery for dressing binges, that is to say,
finishing the edges and the curved part of the joints of hinges. That part of
our Invention which relates to the dressing of the edges of hinges consists of a
machine, in which the hinge to be dressed is fixed in a holder or clamp
and brought under the operation of a file, tool; or cutter having a reciprocating,
or alternating motion. The edge of the binge being brought within the range

page_text: of action of the file or tool receives therefrom the proper dressing. The
position of the hinge is changed to bring the several edges under the operation
of the said file or tool. That part of our Invention which relates to the
trimming of the joint consists of a machine in which a file, tool, or cutter has,
in addition to the alternating or reciprocating motion before described, motion
in a curved plane, that is to say, the said file or tool, while performing its
alternating motion, passes through a plane having a nearly semi-cylindrical
figure. The hinge being fixed in the hollow or clamp is brought under
the operation of the file or cutter, and the said file or cutter passes over the
whole of the curved surface of the joint with an alternating motion, and
thereby perfects the figure of the said joint.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Sadler, Josiah Green, and Thomas Davis in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th December 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JoпN
SADLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and
JOSIAH GREEN, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, and THOMAS DAVIS,
of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Sadler, Josiah Green, and Thomas Davis, IIer special licence that we,
the said John Sadler, Josiah Green, and Thomas Davis, our exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Sadler,
Josiah Green, and Thomas Davis, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Sadler, Josiah Green, and Thomas
Davis, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
or their hands and scals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and

page_text: in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Sadler, Josiah Green, and Thomas
Davis, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of the machinery. herein-after described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, for dressing hinges, that is to say,
finishing the edges and the curved part of the joints of hinges. That part of
our Invention which consists of machinery for finishing the joints of hinges is
represented in side elevation in Figure 1; plan in Figure 2, and in end
elevation in Figure 4. a, a, are the legs of the machine, and b, b, is the bed of the
said machine; c, c, are pedestals or supports in which the cutter slided works;
e is the cutter, attached to the slide d in the manner which will be understood
by reference to Figure 6, which represents, in full size, a transverse section
taken through the line d, Figure 1. The slide d, d, is carried backwards and
forwards in a rectilinear direction in the uprights c, c, the sliding motion being
communicated from a crauk driven as represented in Figuro 5, a connecting
rod s transmitting motion from the said crank to the slide d. The said slide d
has a rotatory motion as well as the sliding motion described; the said slide d
being connected with the link m in the manner represented, in full size and in
section, in Figure 7. The end of the slide d passing through the link m, a
nut 7 being cottered to the end of the pin 3 by means of the cotter p, washers
9. 9, are placed on either side of the connecting link m. The slide d is thus
capable of turning in the link m, while the said link is prevented from turning
by engaging in a slot in the bracket k, as will be understood by reference to
Figures 1 and 2. The rotatory motion of the slide d is effected in the following
manner :-i is a catgut, fastened at the points,j; the said catgut passes over
the pulley and also over the small pullies 92, 92, by which latter the plane in
which the catgut i works is changed.
The three pullies h, g², g, are carried backwards and forwards with the slidle d.
As the said pullies move backwards and forwards with the slide d, the fixed
catgut i, under which the pulley h travels, communicates to the said pulley a
rotatory motion, which is communicated to the slide d. By the reciprocating
motion communicated by the crank, Figure 5, and the rotatory motion pro.
duced by the pullies h, g. g, and catgut i, the cutter e is made to describe a
helical or corkscrew-like motion, and thus to travel over the curved or cylin-
drical part of the hinge subjected to its action.

page_text: Although we prefer the method described of producing the helical motion
of the cutter, yet we do not limit ourselves to that method, as other methods
may be resorted to with the same or nearly the same effect. The hinge to be
operated upon is held in a vice P, Figure 2, and is brought under the operation
of the cutter, and removed therefrom by the action of the lever n².
Figure 3 represents the vice in end elevation, and the cutter and slide in
transverse section, the said Figure 3 being drawn to double scale. We prefer
to use a cutter of the form represented in end view in Figure 8; but the cutter
represented in Figure 9, as well as the several compound cutters represented
in Figures 10, 11, and 12, may be used in place of the cutter, Figure 8.
That part of our Invention which consists of machinery for finishing the
edges of hinges is represented in end elevation in Figure 13, in front elevation
in Figure 14, and in plan in Figure 15. 62 is the bed of the machine, sup-
ported on the legs a³, a²; c², c, are uprights, in which the bar d³ slides. The
manner in which the bar d³ is held in the uprights c³, c, will be best under-
stood by reference to Figure 13. A reciprocating rectilinear motion is com-
municated to the bar 3 by means of a connecting rod f and a crank, driven
in the manner herein-before described and represented in Figure 5. To the
bar d' a cutter e² is fixed, in the manner herein-after explained, and the edge
of the hinge to be finished is brought under the operation of the said cutter e.
The hinge to be finished is held in a vice ³, and may be brought under the
operation of the cutter, or withdrawn therefrom by the arm or lever . By
the reciprocating rectilinear motion of the cutter & the edge of the hinge is
finished by a process resembling the manual operation of filing. The manner
of fixing the cutter in the bar dis illustrated in full size in Figures 16, 17,
and 18. One end of the cutter e² has a pyramidal termination, as represented
in Figure 17, and fits in a corresponding cavity made in the bar d³ for its
reception. The other end of the cutter ea has two slots cut in it at right angles
to one another, as represented in Figure 18. A cotter g³, Figure 16, takes
into one of the slots in the end of the cutter, and fixes the said cutter firmly
in its place. The said cutter has its surface cut after the manner of a file
or rasp.
Although we have described the cutters which we prefer to employ in our
machines, yet we do not limit ourselves to the use of any particular cutter,
as various kinds of cutters may be used with the same or nearly the same
effect.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not limit
ourselves to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same

page_text: may be varied without departing from the nature of our said Invention; but
we claim as our Invention,-
Firstly, the improvements in the manufacture of hinges berein-before
described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12,
of the accompanying Drawing; that is to say, finishing the curved surfaces of
the joints of hinges by bringing the said joints under the operation of a cutter,
to which a helical or corkscrew motion is communicated.
Secondly, the improvements in the manufacture of hinges herein described
and illustrated in Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18, of the accompanying
Drawing; that is to say, finishing the edges of hinges by subjecting them
to the operation of a cutter, to which a reciprocating rectilinear motion is
communicated.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Sadler, Josiah Green, and
Thomas Davis, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Tenth
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-six.
JOHN SADLER.
(L.S.)
JOSIAH GREEN. (L.S.)
THOMAS DAVIS. (L.S.)
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
JOHN SADLER.
(L.S.)
JOSIAH GREEN. (L.S.)
THOMAS DAVIS. (L.S.)