Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Compound Plates of Steel and Iron.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1889-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Compound
Plates of Steel and Iron.
I, JOHN WARD, of 18 Gun Place, Langloan, Coatbridge Lanarkshire, Steel and
Iron Works Manager, do hereby declare tho nature of my Invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved construction of
metal plates, and mode and means, or system, of manufacturing the same specially
suitable for compound or multiple armour platos for resisting warfare shot, and shell,
and also applicable as the under or bottom plate of ship's hulls, and for steam boiler
plates, and such like purposes, where great ductile strength and durability are
required; and which will have much greater strength, and save fuel in their manu-
facture, and be more economical for the said purposes, than the metallic plates
heretofore in use.
And the nature and novelty of my Invention consist in the use of a layer or layers
of puddled bar iron in combination with steel or iron, for manufacturing or forming
metal plates in the new and improved manner hereinafter described.
According to one arrangement of my invention, I produce a compound steel and
iron armour plate, by taking a hard steel face block or slab, and an ordinary malleable
iron back plate or slab, and unite them together, under my improvements, by placing
a layer of puddled har iron between the surfaces of those slabs, and then heating the
combined block thus placed together in a furnace, and when heated to a welding
heat I remove the same from the furnace and roll the combined plate thus formed
through a rolling mill to reduce it to the desired thickness of plate required.
Under another arrangement, I produce a compound steel armour plate, by taking a
face slab of hard steel, and a back slab of soft steel low in carbon, and I unite
them together under my improvements by placing a layer of puddled bar iron
between the surfaces of these slabs and then heating the combined slabs thus
placed together, in a furnace, and then passing the slab thus formed through a
rolling mill to reduce the plates to the thickness desired.
Under another arrangement I produce a duplex double or multiple compound
steel and iron armour plate, by first taking a front slab of hard steel and a slab
of malleable iron, with a layer of puddled bar iron between them, and I then
place a second layer of pudded bar iron between the other surface of this iron
slab and another slab of hard steel, and I place a third layer of puddled bar iron
between the other surface of this last steel slab and the inner surface of a back slab
of malleable iron, and I then charge the whole combined compound slab in a furnace,
and when sufficiently heated, 1 pass the slab thus formed through the rolls of a
rolling mill to reduce the plate to the thickness desired.
Under another arrangement, I produce metal plates specially applicable for ship
and boiler plates and such like purposes, by taking a steel slab or plate, preferably
first roughly rolled, and placing over it a layer of about its thickness of puddled
bar iron, first also roughly rolled, and then placing same in a reheating furnace, and
when heated to a welding heat pass the slab thus formed through a rolling mill to
reduce the plate to the thickness desired.
Dated the 2nd February 1889.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Compound
Plates of Steel and Iron.
I, JOHN WARD of 18 Gunn Place, Langloan, Coatbridge, Lanarkshire, Steel and
Iron Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had to
the accompanying sheet of Diagram Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
This Invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved construction of
metal plates, and modes and means, or system of manufacturing the same, specially
suitable for compound or multiple armour plates for resisting warfare shot and shell,
and also applicable as compound ship and boiler plates and sheets, and for such like
purposes, and be more durable as regards corroding than plates now in use made
from all steel.
And the nature and novelty of my invention consist in the use of a layer or layers
of puddled bar iron in combination with steel or iron, for manufacturing or forming
metal plates in the new and improved unnner hereinafter described.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of Diagram Drawings showing edge views of the slabs
put together ready for being hented and rolled, and in which the slabs or piles of
metal used are written on the elevation part, and indicated by different corre
sponding sectional lines at the one end, and of about the proportional thickness of
the respective metals to be used.
Referring to these Drawings:-According to one arrangement of my Improve-
ments shown in Figure 1, I produce a compound steel and iron armour plate, by
taking a hard steel face block or slab, and an ordinary malleable iron lack plate or
slab, both previously roughly cogged or hammered to the desired thickness, and I
unite them together, under my improvements, by placing a thin layer or layers of
puddled bar iron between the inner surfaces of these slabs, and then heating the
combined block or pile thus placed together in a furnace, and when sufficiently
heated I remove the same from the furnace and roll the combined plate thus formed
through the rolls of a rolling mill to reduce it to the desired thickness of plate
required.
Undor another arrangement of my improvements shown in Figure 2, I produce a
compound steel armour plate, by taking a face block or slab of hard steel, and a back
slab or block of soft steel low in carbon, all previously roughly cogged or hammered, a
and unite them together under my improvements by placing a thin layer or layers
of puddled bar iron between the inner surfaces of these slabs or blocks, and then
beating the combined slabs thus placed together in a furnace and when sufficiently
heated pass the combined slab or block thus formed through the rolls of a rolling
mill to reduce the compound plate to the thickness desired.
Under another arrangement of my improvements shown in Figure 3, I produce a
duplex double or multiple compound steel and iron armour plate, by first taking a
front slab of hard steel, and a slab of malleable iron all previously roughly cogged or
hammered with a layer or layers of puddled bar iron between them, and I then place
a second layer of puddled bar iron between the other surface of this iron slab and 4
another slab of hard steel, and I place a third layer of puddled bar iron between
the other surface of this last steel slab and the inner surface of a back slab of malleable
iron, and I then charge and heat the whole combined compound slab thus united
together in a furnace, and when sufficiently heated, I pass the slab thus formed
through the rolls of a rolling mill to reduce this compound plate to the thickness 5
desired.

page_text: Under another arrangement of my improvements shown in Figure 4, I produce a
compound plate of iron and steel, specially applicable for ship and boiler plates,
and such like purposes, for the better protection against the corroding that takes
place in plates that are made from steel alone, by first taking a steel slab, preferably
first roughly cogged or hammered and placing over it a layer of puddled bar iron of
about th of the whole thickness and I then place or charge the compound slab in a
furnace, and when sufficiently heated I pass the slab thus formed through the rolls
of a rolling mill to reduce the compound plate to the thickness desired.
Under another arrangement of my improvements shown in Figure 5, I produce a
compound metal plate, suitable for ship and boiler plates, by first taking a steel slab
or billet, say 4 inches thick, and placing a layer of puddled bar iron on the top, say
inch thick, more or less. I then take a charcoal bar or best iron bar, say inch
thick more or less, and place the same on the top surface of the puddled iron bar, and
charge the whole thus unitod together in a furnace until sufficiently heated, and I
then pass the slab thus formed through the rolls of a rolling mill to reduce the com-
bined plate to the thickness desired.
Under another arrangement of my improvements shown in Figure 6, I produce
compound plates, sheets, strips, angles, and such like, by utilising the shearings or
scraps that are out off steel plates, as follows:-I take a steel bar, or steel scrap,
which will call the bottom bar of the pile, and I then take a bar of puddled
iron, and place it next to and above the aforesaid steel bar, and 1 place above this
latter the small scraps taken off the sides of the steel plates and cut into lengths
to form the centre of the pile, and I place above this another bar of puddled iron,
and then another bar of steel or steel scrap to form the top surface of the pile, each
layer being about the same thickness, to form a pile of about three-fifths of steel and
two fifths puddled bar iron more or less. I then charge the compound pile thus
formed in a furnace, and when sufficiently heated I pass it through the rolls of a
rolling mill and reduce the compound pile or plate to the thickness desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The system, or mode and means of manufacturing compound plates of steel
and iron with a layer or layers of puddled bar iron, substantially as herein
described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying Diagram Drawings.
Second. The system, or mode and means of manufacturing compound armour
plates by inserting a layer of puddled bar iron between a slab of hard steel and one
of malleable iron, or hard steel and soft steel, or a multiple of these to unite
them together, substantially as herein described, in reference to and shown in
Figures 1 to 3 of the accompanying Diagram Drawings.
Third. The system, or mode and means of manufacturing plates for boilers, ships
and such like purposes by the use of a layer of puddled bar iron in combination
with a slab or block of steel or steel scrap, either with or without a layer of char-
coal iron outside the puddled iron, or an intermediate layer of steel scraps, sub-
stantially as herein described, in reference to and shown in Figures 4 to 6 of the
accompanying Diagram Drawings.
Fourth. Compound plates manufactured from slabs or blocks of steel or iron with
a layer or layers of puddled bar iron, substantially as herein described, in reference
to and shown in the accompanying Diagram Drawings.
Dated the 30th October 1889
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.