IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC TTF
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bradshaw Leachman, of Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
TTF
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bradshaw
Leachman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with, his.
Petition, on the 25th February 1870.
I, WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN, of Leeds, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HYDRAULIC APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of certain improved, arrangements, whereby
water can be raised and forced to any required height, being particularly
applicable to pits or shafts from which the water is required to be raised
to the surface or any other required level. It is also applicable for
raising and forcing water for other purposes. On a suitable foundation
plate I fix a double-acting pump of ordinary construction and two

page_text: hydraulic cylinders of ordinary construction. These are placed in such
a position with respect to each other that the rod which carries the
bucket. in the pump is arranged so as to act as plunger or ram in cach
of the aforesaid hydraulic cylinders. A single-acting pump may be used
when required. In places where there is not sufficient room for the
aforesaid hydraulic cylinders I provide a different arrangement of the
interior of the pump by having a fixed rod and piston, on which a
hollow cylinder or bucket is mounted. In this case the required
pressure to give motion to the hollow bucket is transmitted through the
fixed piston rod, which is made hollow, dispensing entirely with the
hydraulic cylinders. The valves and other parts of the pump are of
ordinary construction. In order to obtain motive power for the afore-
said pump I fix a foundation plate in a suitable position, on which I
mount two hydraulic cylinders of a similar construction to the aforesaid
hydraulic cylinders, and placed opposite to each other so that one rod
can be made to act as plunger for both, or that two seperate plungers
may be used and connected or coupled at a suitable point between them.
To the rod or plungers I connect an engine or other suitable motive
power by means of a connecting rod or other mechanical means, and
obtain therefrom a reciprocating motion. Motion is transmitted from
the rams coupled to the prime mover through pipes or tubes connecting
the hydraulic cylinders, these being first filled with water, by means of
which the required reciprocating motion is given to the bucket in the
pump. But when the hydraulic cylinders attached to the pump arc
dispensed with the pipes or tubes are attached to the ends of the fixed
piston rod, and through it to the interior of the hollow bucket, the
pressure acting alternately on each side of the fixed piston, giving
thereby the required motion to the aforesaid hollow cylinder or
bucket.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Bradshaw Leachman in the Great Seal
Patent Office on-the 25th August 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BRADSHAW LEACHMAN, of Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, in the

page_text: year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Bradshaw Leachman, Her
special licence that I, the said William Bradshaw Leachman, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Bradshaw Leachman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC APPARATUS FOR
RAISING AND FORCING WATER," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Bradshaw Leachman, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bradshaw Leachman, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that
is to say:
My Invention consists of certain improved arrangements whereby
water can be raised and forced to any required height, being particularly
applicable to pits or shafts from which the water is required to be raised
to the surface or any other required level. It is also applicable for
raising and forcing water for other purposes. On a suitable foundation.
plate I fix a double-acting pump of ordinary construction and two
hydraulic cylinders of ordinary construction. These are placed in such
a position with respect to each other that the rod which carries the
bucket in the pump is arranged so as to act as plunger or ram in each
of the aforesaid hydraulic cylinders. A single-acting pump may be used
when required. In places where there is not sufficient room for the
aforesaid hydraulic cylinders I provide a different arrangement of the
interior of the pump by having a fixed rod and piston on which a hollow

page_text: cylinder or bucket is mounted. In this case the required pressure to
give motion to the hollow bucket is transmitted through the fixed piston
rod, which is made hollow, dispensing entirely with the hydraulic
cylinder. The valves and other parts of the pump are of ordinary con-
struction. In order to obtain motive power for the aforesaid pump I
fix a foundation plate in a suitable position, on which I mount two
hydraulic cylinders of ordinary construction and placed opposite to cach
other so that one rod can be made to act as plunger for both, or that
two separate plungers may be used and connected or coupled at a
suitable point between them. To the rod or plungers I connect an
engine or other suitable motive power by means of a connecting rod or
other mechanical means, and obtain therefrom a reciprocating motion.
Motion is transmitted from the rams coupled to the prime mover
through pipes or tubes connecting-the-hydraulic-cylinders,-these-being-
first filled with water, by means of which the required reciprocating
motion is given to the bucket in the pump. But when the hydraulic
cylinders attached to the pump are dispensed with the pipes or tubes are
attached to the ends of the fixed piston rod and through it to the interior
of the hollow bucket, the pressure acting alternately on each side of the
fixed piston, giving thereby the required motion to the aforesaid hollow
cylinder or bucket.
And in order that my said Invention may be more completely
understood I annex and proceed to describe the accompanying Sheets of
Drawings. Sheet 1 represents an horizontal arrangement of pump, and
Sheet 2 represents a vertical arrangement. In the Drawings I have
shewn the pump as applied to wells or shafts.
On a suitable foundation plate a I fix a pump of ordinary con-
struction, which may be either double or single acting. On the same
foundation plate a I fix the two hydraulic cylinders c and d. These
are placed in such a position with respect to each other that the rod e
which carries the bucketf in the pump is so arranged as to act as
plunger or ram in each of the hydraulic cylinders c and d. In places
where there is not sufficient room for the hydraulic cylinders c and d I
provide a different arrangement of the interior of the pump as shewn in
Fig. 3, Sheet 1. The rod and piston h are stationary and held in
position by the collars i and j. On the piston and rod is mounted so as
to slide freely the hollow bucket k. In this case the required pressure
to give motion to the hollow bucket k is transmitted through the fixed

page_text: piston rod g, which is made hollow as shewn. In order to transmit
motive power to the aforesaid pumps I fix in a suitable position a
foundation plate 2, on which I mount and securely fasten two hydraulic
cylinders m and n of ordinary construction and opposite each other as:
shewn so that the rod o can act as plunger for both, or that two separate
plungers may be used and connected or coupled at a suitable point
between them. To the rod or plunger o I connect an engine or other
motive power at 1 by means of a connecting rod or other mechanical
means, and obtain therefrom a reciprocating motion, which is transmitted
by the ram o through the pipes p and q connecting the cylinders m and n
with the cylinders c and d, or the cylinders m and n with the piston'
rod g, as shewn in Fig. 3. The cylinders c, d, m, and n, and the tubes:
or pipes p and q are filled with water. It will be readily understood
that if the rod o is moved in the direction shewn by arrows that the
water would be forced down the tube p into the cylinder c, displacing
thereby the rod c, giving it as well as the bucket f motion in the direction
shewn by arrow, at the same time forcing the water out of the
cylinder d up the pipe q into the cylinder n. On the return stroke the
same effect is produced on the opposite side, thereby the required
reciprocating motion is given to the bucket f in the pump. The same
movement applies to the pump, Fig. 3, the only difference being that
instead of using the lower cylinders the water is introduced into the
hollow bucket at each side of the piston alternately, thereby giving the
necessary reciprocating movement to the bucket. The water lifted from
the well passes up the shaft through the pipes to a suitable outlet at
the top.
Sheet 2 represents a vertical arrangement of pump.
Fig. 1 is a cross section, and Fig. 2 a front elevation.
I
On suitable beams I mount a foundation plate a, on which is fixed a
pump vertically; the valve box is shewn at
; the valves d and e arc
of ordinary construction; in connection with the valve box c is the
cylinder f, in which is fitted so as to slide freely the plunger and rod h.
The stuffing boxes i and j arc of ordinary construction. At a suitable
distance above the cylinder f I fix securely on the foundation a an
hydraulic cylinder k, with piston rod hand piston 7. The hole m is for
allowing the atmospheric air to enter and pass off from the top side of
piston . To the cylinder & I connect by means of a pipe or tube n
the hydraulic cylinder o, which is of ordinary construction. To the end

page_text: of the ram or plunger p may be attached a connecting rod q, the other
end of which may be attached to the crank of an engine or other motive
power, as shewn. The revolving of the crank produces the necessary
reciprocating motion, which is transmitted through the tube or pipe n to
the piston and rod h, and thence to the plunger g: The cylinders
o and k and tube n are filled with water. The water being driven out
of the cylinder o by the plunger p passes down the tube n and is forced
into the cylinder k at point r. It will be readily understood that by so
doing the piston is carried to the top of the cylinder as shown, taking
with it the rod h and plunger g in the pump as the plunger p in the
cylinder o is taken up by the crank. The plunger g and piston / descend,
and at the same time the water passes up the tube n into the upper
-cylinder-o.-By-this-means-the-necessary-reciprocating-motion-is-given
to the pump ram g. The water lifted from the well passes up the shaft
through the pipe & to a suitable outlet at the top.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would remark in
conclusion that I do not limit myself to the exact details and configura-
tion of parts I have hercin explained and shewn, as the same may be
varied or modified without in any way departing from the nature and
principle of my Invention; but what I do claim and desire to secure by
Letters Patent is, the arrangement, construction, and application of
hydraulic apparatus for conveying motive power to great horizontal and
vertical distances for pumping purposes, substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bradshaw Leachman, have
hercunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of
August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
soventy
WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN. (L.S.)