IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP VANS OR WAGGONS
Year: 1882

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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest Hora at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th November 1882.
ERNEST HORA, Van Builder, of 252 Camberwell Road, in the County of Surrey,
IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP VANS OR WAGGONS"
My Invention relates to improvements in tip vans or waggons whereby their
contents may be more easily and effectually discharged than in the vans or waggons
as hitherto constructed.
It consists essentially in mounting the tipping body of the van or waggon so
that when released from the spring or other catches placed at the front or back of
the van or waggon, or both, and serving to secure the tipping body to the main or
stationary frame of the van or waggon, the said tipping body will when pushed
upwards from the front, first turn on one centre and so lower the rear or tail end of
the tipping body to a certain position near to the ground, and then on a second
centre whereby the whole of the tipping body will be shifted round its fulcrum on
the stationary frame, so as to cause it to assume a vertical position, or as nearly a
vertical position as may be desired.
I will now proceed to describe the manner of carrying my Invention into
effect.
Each
At each side of the axle of the hind or rear wheels of the van or waggon a lever
is mounted so as to be capable of freely rotating thereon, for which purpose each
lever is preferably made with a bearing at or near the middle of its length, to fit
over the upper side of the axle, while a cap fits over the underside of the axle, and
is connected to the bearing of the lever by bolts or other suitable means.
lever extends on both sides of the rear axle, and its end towards the front of the
van or waggon is pivotted to the underside of the tipping body, whilst the
end of the lever on the other side of the rear axle forms a kind of stop or
abutment against which the van as it is tipped comes in contact as hereinafter
described.
When desired to tip the waggon the tipping body is first released from the main
stationary frame of the waggon, and when its front end is pushed upwards the
tipping body is caused to pivot on the inner or front end of the lever, until its rear
end is brought into contact with the outer or back end of the lever forming the
stop or abutment above mentioned, when the whole of the tipping body and the
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page_text: levers will be caused to turn on the axle until the tail of the tipping body rests on
the ground.
In order to cause the tipping body to resume its position for charging the rear
end is pushed upwards (or the front end pulled downwards) thereby causing it and
the levers to first turn on the axle, until the inner or front ends of the levers come
into contact with stops fixed to the main stationary frame, when the tipping body
will pivot on the inner or front ends of the levers and so be brought to its original
position.
As the tipping body will be brought into contact with the outer or back ends of
the levers forming the stops or abutments, with considerable force, the latter may
if desired be made of steel, so as to give them a certain amount of elasticity, and
form a kind of spring to absorb the shock. Or any suitable spring might be fitted
on the outer or back ends of the levers, or inserted between the bearings of the
levers and the axle.
The hind or rear axle may be either straight or cranked, or of any other
suitable form, and the shape of the levers will depend on the form of axle
employed.
So as to prevent the tipping body being shot too far or turned right over, a chain
is attached to its under side, and its opposite end secured to the main stationary
frame of the van or waggon, between the axles of the front and rear wheels, so
that when the tipping body has moved the desired extent the chain will become
tight and so prevent the further movement of the tipping body of the van or
waggon.
My Invention further relates to the mode of causing the tail board to be
automatically released and opened as the tipping body descends, and to close
and become secured again as the tipping body resumes its charging or normal
position.
For this purpose the tail board is suspended on a hinge or pivot joint at the top
of the rear end of the tipping body, and when closed is secured by spring catches of
any suitable construction. The levers or rods engaging with the catches are caused
to project beyond the sides of the tipping body, and when the latter commences to
tip they come into contact with curved surfaces secured to the rear end of the main
stationary frame of the van or waggon, whereby they are forced upwards and
disengaged from the catches which secure them.
The arrangement for causing the tail board, when thus released, to open
automatically as the tipping body continues its descent consists of a lever secured
to the pin of the hinge or pivot on which the tail board is suspended, and to the
end of this lever one end of a chain is secured. The chain is then caused to pass
over a pulley mounted so as to revolve freely on a stud fixed preferably near the
rear end of the stationary frame of the van or waggon, the other end of the chain
being then secured to the bottom of the rear end of the tipping body. It will be
preferable to have a similar arrangement of chain and pulley at each side of
the van.
As the tipping body descends the lower end of the chain will be drawn down-
wards, whereby its upper end will act on the lever secured to the pin of the hinge
or pivot on which the tail board is suspended, and so cause the tail board to turn
on the pin.
As the tipping body moves back to its normal position the chain is shifted in the
opposite direction, thereby causing the tail board to turn on its hinge or pivot, and
when the tipping body arrives at its point of rest the tail board is again secured
by the catches.