Improvements in Lace-making Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Lace-making Machines.
I, AUGUST MATITSCH, of VI Millergasse 52, Vienna, Austria, Gentleman, do hereby.
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in machines for making pillow-lace,
whereby the lace is made of the bobbin threads alone without the aid of warp threads
or beam threads, and the needles, pillow, and the pillow pattern, which are necessary
in production by hand, are replaced by suitable mechanisms which, as also the bobbin
carriages, are actuated by jacquards, whilst the finished lace is wound up by means
of a winding device which receives its motion from the jacquard that produces the
stroke of the needles.
In machines of this kind, the thread-carrying carriages are moved by rack bars to
and fro in three combs which are arranged in the same are of a circle, the said
carriages being shifted according to the construction of the pattern, to the right or to
the left by means of the middle comb, which is movable in a longitudinal direction,
before the said carriages are moved into one of the outer combs. This is effected by
means of three pushers which are moved independently of each other, by a jacquard,
and of which the first two keep the carriages that are guided in the front comb and
middle comb respectively out of contact with the toothed roller, whilst the third
pusher raises the carriage which is brought by the second pusher within its reach
into the rear comb. The connection of the pushers with the jacquard machine is
effected by means of rising slides having projections upon which act longitudinal
bars which are capable of being moved horizontally with reference to the combs by
means of suitable levers and cams and which push back, and push forward again those
slides which are not raised, whilst other bars which are held stationary prevent the
raised slides from moving forwards.
The improvements forming the subject of this invention relate to such modifications
in the construction of the machine as to allow of bringing the carriages selected by
the jacquard in one single period of movement into the middle comb so that the
threads are crossed in one stroke, instead of, as heretofore, in two different periods of
movement the output of the machine being thereby doubled.
This is effected by arranging the middle comb in a fixed mounting, and making
the front and rear combs capable of longitudinal movement by means of laterally-
arranged cams, whilst for the front comb, there are provided pushers which also act as
rack bars; the connections of the jacquard being constructed in such a manner that
the movements of the carriages and pushers will take place exactly at the proper
times.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an example of a pillow-
lace making machine provided with these improvements. Figs. 2 to 20 are diagrains
which aid in the explanation of the mode of operation.
As shown in Fig. 1, the guidance of the bobbin threads, which alone are employed
to form the lace, is effected by means of carriages A1, A2 which are received and
guided by three combs C1, C2, C3, that are situated in the same circular arc. The
middle comb C2 is fixed, whilst the front and back combs C¹, C³ are capable of being

page_text: moved longitudinally by means of laterally-arranged cams for the purpose of shifting
the carriages contained in them to the right or to the left. Below the front comb
there are arranged pushers P', which are formed at, their upper ends as toothed ares
which engage with the toothed arcs of the carriages. Below the middle comb there
are arranged a toothed roller R2, and the pushers P2, and below the back comb there
are arranged the pushers P³ which are also toothed. The pushers P1, P2, P3, which
are capable of rotating independently of each other on fixed axles d¹, d³, d³ and
according to their positions either allow of the movement of the carriages in the
combs or retain them, are operated by jacquards.
For this purpose, the pushers P¹ which are constructed as two-armed levers, are
connected at g¹ with slides B¹; the pushers P2 are connected at g² with slides B2; and
the pushers P are connected at with the slides B³. The slides are capable of
moving horizontally from and towards the combs, are capable of rotating up and
down about the pivots g¹, g², g³ and are provided with upper and lower projections N¹,
N2, N3 and N, N2 N3 respectively. The slides are further connected at
their rear ends by means of the cords S1, S2, S3, each to a hook of the correspouding
jacquards..
1
Below the slides B1, B3 there are situated in each case two longitudinal bars M₁! M,¹
and M, M, respectively which are capablé of being moved in a horizontal plane to.
and from the combs by means of levers and cams and which act upon the projections
N₁₁ N₁₁
Below the slides B there is situated a bar. M, which is also movable and
acts upon the projections N,2.
1
2
Above each of the slides B1, B2, B3 there is situated a movable. longitudinal
bar M, M. M³ respectively of which the first and the third, when the respective
slides are in.a suitable position, engage in recesses eles of the projections N N en:
advancing, and thereby prevent the raised slides B¹ B3 from moving down prematurely,
whilst at the same time they keep the carriages that belong to these slides stationary.
up to the exact moment at which they are to begin to move. In front of and
behind the pushers P2 of the middle comb, there are arranged longitudinal bars M².
and M which are capable of being moved from and towards the pushers by means of
levers and cams.
At the beginning of the operation there is located in each slot of the front comb C¹.
a carriage A each of which is held by a pusher P', and in each slot. of the back:
comb Ca carriage A2 is held by a pusher Ps, the pushers P2 being situated in their
central position in which they are held fast by the longitudinal bars M2 and M.2.
First, the jacquards corresponding to the pushers P1, P2, P3 come into operation.
By the jacquards of the front and back combs, those slides are raised which corre-
spond to the carriages that are to be held Lack in the said combs.
At the same.
time the pushers P2 act to move the carriages which enter from the front and back
combs into the middle comb, into. the middle position in the middle. comb,. and .to
return all these carriages back into, the front and rear combs as, required. by. the.
pattern card.
T.
3
To attain this object the pushers P2 must be capable of being moved in the same.
period of movement into their front or back position. This, is effected by arranging
the jacquard belonging to the pushers P2 to raise those slides. B2 the pushers of 4
which are to be brought into the back position. The rearwardly-moving bar. M,² then.
acts upon the projections N2 of these, slides, and consequently the pushers P² are
rotated backward, whilst at the same time, the forwardly-moving bar, M, acts upon
the projections N₁2 of the slides which were not raised, and rotates the corresponding
pushers into the front position.
The projections of the slides B1 B2 B3 have such a position that on the: advance
of the bars M1, M2, M3, the latter. come into contact with the pro-
jections N1, N2, N3, and the corresponding slides, are, pushed back by.. the bars
which are moving, back away from the combs. The projections N1, N2, N₁³ of
the raised slides are, on the contrary, raised beyond the bars M₁!, M., M2, M3, M, 5
and cannot therefore be engaged thereby, consequently the said bars move away.
3

page_text: idly under the projections. The reverse is the case with the slides which are
not raised, and which are moved by the last-mentioned bars.
:
The
1
Before the carriages move out of the front and back combs, the latter are
shifted in accordance with the required crossing of the carriage threads that takes
place in this stroke, and then the longitudinal bars begin their movement.
bar M, moves into the notches el of the projections N¹ of those slides B¹ which are
raised by the jacquard. By this means the corresponding carriages are held fast in
the front position in the front comb. The bars M, and M₁₁ move forward; M,¹
pushes the slides B¹ which are not raised to the front, and thereby its pushers P¹ are
pushed together with the corresponding carriages into the rear position, that is to
say, towards the middle comb C². At the same time the bars M2 and M2 have
moved away from the pushers of the middle comb, M2 moving forward towards the
middle comb and M2 back towards the back comb. The bar M.2 moves back
and brings the pushers P2 of the raised slides B2 into the rear position, whilst the
bar M brings the pushers of the slides B' that were not raised into the front
position. The pushers P2 of the middle comb are thereby moved into the positions
necessary to allow of engaging the carriages entering from the back and front combs,
and of bringing them into the middle position in the middle comb.
Meanwhile, by the entry of the longitudinal bar M³ into the notches es of the
projections N3 of the raised slides B³, their corresponding pushers P³ and carriages
are stopped, whilst the bars M₁s and M³ move forwards, whereby M.3 moves the
slides B that are not raised, together with the corresponding pushers and carriages,
forwards towards the middle comb. Before the carriages that are moved into the
middle comb are released by the pushers P¹, they are engaged by the rearwardly
rotating toothed roller R2, whereupon the former are rotated towards the middle comb
to such an extent that the teeth of the said toothed roller will move out of the tooth
spaces of the circular ares of the carriages. Then the pushers remain in this
position until the carriages move out of the middle comb into the front comb.
After the rack bar has engaged the carriages, the longitudinal bar M2 begins to
move backward, whereby the pushers P2 which are situated in the front position, are
rotated backwardly and upwardly, and enter with their projecting ends, in the
example shown, into the fourth toothed space of the carriages. Then the toothed
rollera and the pushers P2 move the carriages into the middle position, in which
position the toothed roller having completed its rotation remains stationary in such a
position that the foremost carriage tooth can move freely over it, whereby it does not
prevent further rearward movement of the carriages. The arrangement is such that
the longitudinal bar M² stops when it has moved back so far that the pushers P³ and
carriages carried thereby have reached the middle position in the middle comb.
Simultaneously with the entry of the carriages of the front comb into the middle
The bar M⭑*
comb, the carriages of the back comb also enter the middle comb.
moves forward, thereby rotating, in a forward direction, the pushers which are in the
rear position, so that their upper ends move into the fourth tooth space of the
carriages that are moved by the pushers P3 out of the back comb. In consequence
of further movement, the pushers P³ have their teeth released from the spaces of the
circular racks of the carriages, so that the carriages are now moved by the pushers P
alone further into the middle position. The pushers P³ that have moved out of the
carriages then remain in their front position until the carriages move out of the
middle comb into the back comb. As soon as the carriages have been moved by
the action of the bar M into the middle position, the said bar remains stationary.
The carriages that have moved out of the front and back combs, are now held fast
in position in the middle comb, by means of the bars M2 and M2. The front and
back combs are then shifted laterally.
'
The jacquard machine which actuates the pushers P2 then comes again into opera-
tion in order that its pushers P2 shall move the carriages towards the front and back
combs in accordance with the pattern card. After this jacquard machine has raised
these slides whose carriages are to be brought into the back comb, the bars M² and M
again move away from the pushers P. The bars M, M, which have returned into

page_text: their initial position after the bars M² and M ceased to act upon the pushers, begin
again to move the slides P2. The bars M, moves again backwards, that is to say, it
inoves the pushers P2 and carriages belonging to the raised slides, into the rear
position, whilst the bar M² brings the carriages that belong to the slides that are not
raised, into the front position. Before the rearwardly pushed carriages are released
by the pushers P2, the bar M₁s begins its rearward movement. Consequently, the
pushers P3 of the rear comb that are in the front position are rotated rearwardly and
upwardly, so that their teeth engage in the spaces of the circular racks of 'the
carriages that are moved backwards by the pushers P2, whereupon the pushers P² are
brought out of engagement therewith and the carriages are then moved by the
pushers P3 entirely into the back comb in the same position as the carriages that are
being held by the bar M33. After the stroke has been completed, the bar M³ moves
back from the slides.
The carriages which are moved forwards by the pushers P2, are engaged by the
toothed roller R2 (which now rotates forwards) and are pushed into the front comb
before these pushers have moved out of the spaces of the carriage circular-racks by
reason of their forward and downward rotation. After their entrance in the front
comb, they engage with the pushers P which are pushed forward by the bar M₁₁ out
of their rear position, whereby the said carriages are moved into the same position as
those carriages which are held by the bar M₁₁, whereupon this bar releases the slides,
and with this the stroke is ended.
As soon as the carriages which project forwardly and rearwardly out of the middle
comb have passed with their last tooth over the pushers P2 which are in the front and
back positions respectively, the bars M2 and M2 move towards the pushers P² and
return the latter again into the middle position when they are ready for beginning a
fresh stroke.
Before this stroke begins, the pattern bars which serve for guiding the drawing out
of the edge threads and which are under the intermediate space between the front and
middle combs, are shifted by a spring dropper jacquard machine.
The crossing of two threads may be effected either to the left or to the right.
In the former case, shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the crossing takes place when the
threads and 4, running down at the top of the right hand of the fabric, reach the
crossing points c1, c2 over the thread 1 and 3 which comes from the left hand.
the thread 1 coming from the left hand is at the top at the crossing point c³, then the
crossing takes place to the right.
But if
In order to cross the four threads in the manner shown in Fig. 2, the machine
must make three strokes, notwithstanding that the crossings c' c² have both the same
direction, viz. -to the left, as it is not possible to cross at the same time two pairs of
threads which lie directly side by side.
Therefore in the machine, first, thread 1 will cross 2, then 3 will cross 4, and finally
I will cross 4.
Figs. 3 to 19 inclusive show how the carriages are situated in the combs during
these crossings, and how the combs are shifted. In these Figures, the comb strips
are indicated by strokes, and the carriages are indicated by numerals. Fig. 20 shows
how the eight carriage threads are crossed in the three strokes.
Figs. 3, 9 and 15 show the positions of the carriages and combs at the commence-
ment of the first, second and third strokes. In the first stroke, the threads of the
carriages situated behind one another in the even (second and fourth) comb slots, are
crossed, viz. --2 crosses 1, and 6 crosses 5, and these carriages are interchanged in
the combs. In the second stroke, the same takes place with respect to the carriages
that are situated behind one another in the odd (third and fifth) comb slots, that is
to say, 4 crosses 3, and 8 crosses 7. In other respects, all the movements are exactly
identical in these two strokes. From the second position (Figs. 4 and 10) it will be
seen that the front comb is shifted to the left over a comb slot before the carriages
move out of the back and front combs. In consequence of this shifting, the thread 2
crosses 1, and 6 crosses 5 in the first stroke and in the second stroke, thread 4 crosses
3, and 8 crosses 7 in the manner shown in Fig. 20, viz.:-2 comes over 1, 6 over 5

page_text: (in the first stroke); 4 over 3, and 8 over 7 (in the second stroke). In the third
position (Figs. 5 and 11) the carriages whose threads are to be crossed are already
shifted into the middle comb, viz.:-2 to the left of 1, 6 to the left of 5 for the first
stroke, 4 to the left of 3, 8 to the left of 7 for the second stroke, as required by the
crossing. The fourth position (Figs. 6 and 12) shows the back comb moved past a
comb slot to the left, and the front comb past a comb slot to the right, whilst the
carriages to be crossed are still situated in the middle comb. From the fifth position
(Figs. 7 and 13) the positions of the carriages will be seen after their having moved
out of the middle comb into the front and back combs. The sixth position (Figs. 8
and 14) is the end position of each of the two strokes, when the back comb is re-
turned by shifting to the extent of a comb slot back again to the right into its initial
position, and the carriages are moved out of the middle comb into the front and back
combs.
The carriages which are to be crossed in the third stroke belong to different comb
solts because, as shown in Fig. 20, 1 is to cross 4, and 5 is to cross 8. In the second
position (Fig. 16) of this stroke all the carriages are still in the front and back combs,
but these two combs are shifted, viz. :-the former to the extent of one comb slot to
the right, and the latter to the extent of one comb slot to the left. In consequence
of this shifting, the threads I cross 4, and 5 cross 8, in such a manner that the threads
(1 and 5) coming from the left are moved to the right in front of the threads 4 and
8, that is to say, come over these. The third position (Fig. 17) shows the carriages
to be crossed after their entrance into the middle comb. The fourth position
(Fig. 18) illustrates the combs when returned to their initial position, whilst the
carriages to be crossed are still in the middle comb, and the last position (Fig. 19)
shows the carriages after they have passed out of the middle comb into the front and
back combs.
1000
I, AUGUST MATITSCH, of VI Millergasse 52, Vienna, Austria, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
'statement: —
This invention relates to improvements in machines for making pillow-lace,
whereby the lace is made of the bobbin threads alone without the aid of warp threads
or beam threads, and the needles, pillow, and the pillow pattern, which are necessary
in production by hand, are replaced by suitable mechanisms which, as also the bobbin
carriages, are actuated by jacquards, whilst the finished lace is wound up by means of
a winding device which receives its motion from the jacquard that produces the stroke
of the needles.
In machines of this kind, the thread-carrying carriages are moved by rack bars to
and fro in three combs which are arranged in the same arc of a circle, the said
carriages being shifted according to the construction of the pattern, to the right or to
the left by means of the middle comb, which is movable in a longitudinal direction,
before the said carriages are moved into one of the outer combs. This is effected by
means of three pushers which are moved independently of each other by a jacquard,
and of which the first two keep the carriages that are guided in the front comb and
middle comb respectively out of contact with the toothed roller, whilst the third
-

page_text: pusher raises the carriage which is brought by the second pusher within its reach into
the rear comb. The connection of the pushers with the jacquard machine is effected
by means of rising slides having projections upon which act longitudinal bars which
are capable of being moved horizontally with reference to the combs by means of
suitable levers and cains and which push back, and push forward again those slides
which are not raised, whilst other bars which are held stationary prevent the raised
slides from moving forwards.
The improvements forming the subject of this invention relate to such modifications
in the construction of the machine as to allow of bringing the carriages selected by
the jacquard in one single period of movement into the middle comb so that the
threads are crossed in one stroke, instead of, as heretofore, in two different periods
of movement the output of the machine being thereby.doubled.
+
This is effected by arranging the middle comb in a fixed mounting, and making
the front and rear combs capable of longitudinal movement by means of laterally-
arranged cams, whilst for the front comb, there are provided pushers which also act
as rack bars; the connections of the jacquard being constructed in such a manner
that the movements of the carriages and pushers will take place exactly at the proper
times.
In the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification, Fig. 1 is a side elevation
of an example of a pillow-lace making machine provided with these improvements.
Figs. 2 to 20 are diagrams which aid in the explanation of the mode of operation.
As shown in Fig. 1, the guidance of the bobbin threads which alone are employed
to form the lace, effected by means of carriages A1, A2 which are received and
guided by three combs C¹, C2, C3, that are situated in the same circular arc.
The
middle comb C2 is fixed, whilst the front and back combs C¹, 03 are capable of being
moved longitudinally by means of laterally-arranged cams for the purpose of shifting
the carriages contained in them to the right or to the left. Below the front comb
there are arranged pushers P, which are formed at their upper ends as toothed arcs
which engage with the toothed arcs of the carriages. Below the middle comb there
are arranged a toothed roller R2, and the pushers P2, and below the back_comb
there are arranged the pushers P³ which are also toothed. The pushers P1, P2, P³,
which are capable of rotating independently of each other on fixed axles d¹, d², d³ and
according to their positions either allow of the movement of the carriages in the combs
or retain them, are operated by jacquards.
For this purpose, the pushers Pi which are constructed as two-armed levers, are
connected at g₁ with slides B2; and the pushers P³ are connected at g³ with the
slides Bs. The slides are capable of moving horizontally from and towards the combs,
are capable of rotating up and down about the pivots g¹, g², gs and are provided with
'upper and lower projections N1, N2, N3 and N₁₁ N₁2 N₁s respectively. The slides are
further connected at their rear ends by means of the cords S1, S2, S3, each to a hook
of the corresponding jacquards.
1
1
Below the slides B1, B3 there are situated in each case two longitudinal bars M, M₁₁
and M3 M3 respectively which are capable of being moved in a horizontal plane to
and from the combs by means of levers and cams and which act upon the projec-
tions N₁₁ N₁3. Below the slides B2 there is situated a bar M2 which is also movable
and acts upon the projections N₁².
Above each of the slides B1, B2, B3 there is situated a movable longitudinal
bar M1 M2 M3 respectively of which the first and the third, when the respective
slides are in a suitable position, engage in recesses el e³ of the projections N¹ N³ on
advancing, and thereby prevent the raised slides B¹ B³ from moving down prema-
turely, whilst at the same time they keep the carriages that belong to these slides
stationary up to the exact moment at which they are to begin to move. In front of
and bebind the pushers P2 of the middle comb, there are arranged longitudinal
bars M² aud M2 which are capable of being moved from and towards the pushers by
means of levers and cams.
At the beginning of the operation there is located in each slot of the front comb C¹
a carriage A¹ each of which is held by a pusher P¹, and in each slot of the back

page_text: comb C³ a carriage A² is held by a pusher P³, the pushers P2 being situated in their
central position in which they are held fast by the longitudinal bars M² and M².
First, the jacquards corresponding to the pushers P1, P2, P3 come into operation.
By the jacquards of the front and back combs, these slides are raised which correspond
to the carriages that are to be held back in the said combs. At the same time the
pushers P2 act to move the carriages which enter from the front and back combs into
the middle comb, into the middle position in the middle comb, and to return all
these carriages back into the front and rear combs as required by the pattern
card.
:
To attain this object the pushers P2 must be capable of being moved in the same.
period of movement into their front or back position. This is effected--by arranging,
the jacquard belonging to the pushers P2 to raise those slides B2 the pushers of which
are to be brought into the back position. The rearwardly-moving bar M, then acts
upon the projections N2 of these slides and consequently the pushers P² are rotated
backward, whilst at the same time, the forwardly-moving bar M22 acts upon the pro-
jections N₁ of the slides which were not raised, and rotates the corresponding pushers
into the front position.
.
1
"
The projections of the slides B1 B2 B3 have such a position that on the advance of
the bars M1, M2, M3, the latter come into contact with the projections N1, N2, N³,
and the corresponding slides are pushed back by the bars which are moving back
away from the combs. The projections N1, N2, N3 of the raised slides are, on the
contrary, raised beyond the bars M₁', M1, M2, M3, M, and cannot therefore. be
engaged thereby, consequently the said bars move away idly under the projections.
The reverse is the case with the slides which are not raised, and which are moved by
the last-mentioned bars.
Before the carriages move out of the front and back-combs, the latter are shifted
in accordance with the required crossing of-the carriage threads that takes place in
this stroke, and then the longitudinal bars begin their movement. The bar M, moves
into the notches e¹ of the projections N¹ of those slides B₁ which are raised by the
jacquard. By this means the corresponding carriages are held fast in the front posi-
tion in the front comb. The bars M, and M₁₁ move forward; M₂ pushes the
slides B¹ which are not raised to the front, and thereby its pushers Pi are pushed
together with the corresponding carriages into the rear position, that is to say,
towards the middle comb C². At the same time the bars M2 and M2 have moved:
away from the pushers of the middle comb, M2 moving forward towards the middle.
comb and M2 back towards the back comb. The bar M, moves back and brings the
pushers P of the raised 'slides B2 into the rear-position, whilst the bar M2 brings the.
pushers of the slides B2 that were not raised into the front position. The pushers P2
of the middle comb are thereby moved into the positions necessary to allow of
engaging the carriages entering from the back and front combs, and of bringing them
into the middle position in the middle comb.
Meanwhile, by the entry of the longitudinal bar M³ into the notches of the
projections N of the raised slides B³, their corresponding pushers P³. and carriages
are stopped, whilst the bars M₁3 and M₁3. move forwards, whereby M³ moves the
slides B³ that are not raised, together with the corresponding pushers and carriages,
forwards towards the middle comb. Before the carriages that are moved into the
middle comb are released by the pushers P¹, they are engaged by the rearwardly.
rotating toothed roller R2, whereupon the former are rotated towards the middle
comb to such an extent that the teeth of the said toothed roller. will movė.out of the
tooth spaces of the circular arcs of the carriages. Then the, pushers remain. in this
position until the carriages move out of the middle comb into the front comb..
.
After the rack bar has engaged the carriages, the longitudinal bar M² begins to
move backward, whereby the pushers P2 which are actuated in the front position, are
otated backwardly and upwardly, and enter with their projecting ends, in the example
hown, into the fourth toothed space of the carriages.. Then the toothed roller and
he pushers P move the carriages into the middle position, in which position the toothed'
oller having completed its rotation remains stationary in such a position that the

page_text: 2
foremost carriage tooth can move freely over it, whereby it does not prevent further
rearward inovement of the carriages. The arrangement is such that the longitudinal
bar M stops when it has moved back so far that the pushers P2 and carriages carried'
thereby have reached the middle position in the middle comb. Simultaneously with
the entry of the carriages of the front comb into the middle comb, the carriages of the
back comb also enter the middle comb. The bar M² moves forward, thereby rotating,
in a forward direction, the pushers which are in the rear position, so that their upper
ends" move into the fourth tooth space of the carriages that are moved by the
pushers P3 out of the back comb. In consequence of further movement, the pushers P's
have their teeth released from the spaces of the circular racks of the carriages, so that
the carriages are now moved by the pushers P2 alone further into the middle position.
The pushers P that have moved out of the carriages then remain. in their front
position until the carriages move out of the middle comb into the back comb. As
soon as the carriages have been moved by the action of the bar M.2 into the middle
position, the said bar remains stationary."
The carriages that have moved out of the front and back.combs, are now. held
fast in position in the middle comb, by means of the bars M² and M2. The front and
back combs are then shifted laterally.
The jacquard machine which actuates the pushers P2 then comes again into opern-
tion. in order that its pushers P2 shall move the carriages towards the front and back
combs in accordance with the pattern card. After this jacquard machine has raised
these slides whose carriages are to be brought into the back comb, the bars M2 and M.2.
again move away from the pushers P². The bars M, M, which have returned into
their initial position after the bars M2 and M ceased to act upon the pushers, begin
again to move the slides P2. The bars M32 moves again backwards, that is to say, it
moves the pushers P2 and carriages belonging to the raised slides, into the rear
position, whilst the bar M, brings the carriages that belong to the slides that are
not raised, into the front position. Before the rearwardly pushed carriages are
released by the pushers P2, the bar M₁s begins its rearward movement. Consequently,
the pushers P3 of the rear comb that are in the front position are rotated rearwardly
and upwardly, so that their teeth engage in the spaces of the circular racks of the
carriages that are moved backwards by the pushers P, whereupon the pushers P² are
brought out of engagement therewith and the carriages are then moved by the
pushers P³ entirely into the back comb in the same position as the carriages that are
being held by the bar M,³. After the stroke has been completed, the bar M,³ moves
back from the slides.
3
The carriages which are moved forwards by the pushers P2, are engaged by the
toothed roller R2 (which now rotates forwards) and are pushed into the front comb
before these pushers have moved out of the spaces of the carriage.circular-racks by
reason of their forward and downward rotation. After their entrance in the front
comb, they engage with the pushers P¹ which are pushed forward by the bar M₁ out
of their rear position, whereby the said carriages are moved into the same position as
those carriages which are held by the bar M₁, whereupon this bar releases the slides,
and with this the stroke is ended.
As soon as the carriages which project forwardly and rearwardly out of the middle
comb have passed with their last tooth over the pushers P2 which are in the front and
back positions respectively, the bars M and M2 move towards the pushers P and
return the latter again into the middle position when they are ready for beginning a
fresh stroke.
Before this stroke begins, the pattern bars which serve for guiding the drawing out
of the edge threads and which are under the intermediate space between 'the front
and middle combs, are shifted by a spring dropper jacquard machine.
The crossing of two threads may be effected either to the left or to the right.
In the former case, shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the crossing takes place when the
threads 2 and 4; running down at the top of the right hand of the fabric, reach the
crossing points c³, c² over the thread 1 and 3 which comes from the left hand. But

page_text: if the thread 1 coming from the left hand is at the top at the crossing point ☞, then
the crossing takes place to the right.
In order to cross the four threads, in the manner shown in Fig. 2, the machine,
must make three strokes, notwithstanding that the crossings c¹ c2 have both the same
direction, viz. :-to the left, as it is not possible to cross at the same time two pairs
of threads which lie directly side by side.
Therefore in the machine, first, thread 1 will cross 2, then 3 will cross 4, and finally.
1 will cross 4.
Figs. 3 to 19 inclusive show how the carriages are situated in the combs during
these crossings, and how the combs are shifted. In these figures, the comb strips are
indicated by strokes, and the carriages are indicated by numerals. Fig. 20 shows
how the eight carriage threads are crossed in the three strokes.
Figs. 3, 9 and 15 show the positions of the carriages and combs at the commence-
ment of the first, second and third strokes. In the first stroke, the threads of the
carriages situated behind one another in the even (second and fourth).comb slots, are
crossed-viz. 2 crosses 1, and 6 crosses 5, and these carriages are interchanged in the
combs. In the second stroke, the same takes place with respect to the carriages that
are situated behind one another in the odd (third and fifth) comb slots, that is to
say, 4 crosses 3, and 8 crosses 7. In other respects, all the movements are exactly
identical in these two strokes. From the second position (Figs. 4 and 10) it will. be
seen that the front comb is shifted to the left over a comb slot before the carriages
move out of the back and front combs. In consequence of this shifting, the thread, 2
crosses 1, and 6 crosses 5 in the first stroke and in the second stroke, thread 4
crosses 3, and 8 crosses 7, in the manner shown in Fig. 20, viz.:-2 comes over 1, 6
over 5 (in the first stroke); 4 over 3, and 8 over 7 (in the second stroke). In the
third position (Figs. 5 and 11) the carriages whose threads are to be crossed are
already shifted into the middle comb, viz.:-2 to the left of 1, 6 to the left of 5 for
the first stroke, 4 to the left of 3, 8 to the left of 7 for the second stroke, as required
by the crossing. The fourth position (Figs. 6 and 12) shows the back comb moved
past a comb slot to the left and the front comb past a comb slot to the right, whilst
the carriages to be crossed are still situated in the middle comb. From the fifth
position (Figs. 7 and 13) the positions of the carriages will be seen after their having
moved out of the middle comb into the front and back combs. The sixth position
(Figs. 8 and 14) is the end position of each of the two strokes, when the back comb
is returned by shifting to the extent of a comb slot back again to the right into its
initial position, and the carriages are moved out of the middle comb into the front
and back combs.
The carriages which are to be crossed in the third stroke belong to different comb
In the second
slots because, as shown in Fig. 20, 1 is to cross 4, and 5 is to cross 8.
position (Fig. 16) of this stroke all the carriages are still in the front and back combs,
but these two combs are shifted, viz.:-the former to the extent of one comb slot to
the right, and the latter to the extent of one comb slot to the left. In consequence
of this shifting, the threads 1 cross 4, and 5 cross 8, in such a manner that the
threads (1 and 5) coming from the left are moved to the right in front of the threads
4 and 8, that is to say, come over these. The third position (Fig. 17) shows the
carriages to be crossed after their entrance into the middle comb. The fourth
position (Fig. 18) illustrates the combs when returned to their initial position, whilst
the carriages to be crossed are still in the middle comb, and the last position (Fig. 19)
shows the carriages after they have passed out of the middle comb into the front and
back combs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A pillow lace making machine of the kind comprising thread-carrying carriages
capable of moving to and fro in three combs arranged in the same arc of a circle,
wherein the middle comb C2 is fixed, whilst the front and back combs C¹ and C³ are

page_text: capable of longitudinal movement for the purpose of shifting the carriages, which
are held in these combs by means of toothed pushers P1, P³, to the right or to the
left in accordance with the construction of the pattern, whereupon these carriages are
moved by means of pushers P¹ P3 and a toothed roller R² into the middle comb, and
are held fast therein in the middle position by means of pushers P², acted upon by
two movable longitudinal bars M, M until after renewed shifting of the front and
back combs, whereupon, by reason of the shifting of the pushers P³ corresponding to
the crossing of the threads, the said carriages are transferred to the pushers Pi Ps
and are moved into the front and back combs, for which purpose the pushers, which
are moved independently of one another, are cach connected with a Jacquard machine
by means of rising slides B1, B2, B3 of which those that belong to the pushers P¹ P³
are under the influence of three bars M₁, M, M, and M₁³, M3, M3, respectively,
whilst those of the pushers P² are under the influence of two bars M², M², all the
bars being arranged to be shifted horizontally, relatively to the combs, by levers and
cams and to act upon projections N₁1, N2, N3, and N1, N2, N3, respectively of the
slides that are not raised, whilst the slides B¹, which are directly jointed to the
pushers P¹ that act also as rack bars, and the slides B³, are held fast by
the bars M1 M3 by means of notches el e³ in their projections N₁ N³, whereby the
corresponding carriages are held fast until the proper time for moving..
2. In lace-making machines, mechanism for operating the thread carriages con-
structed arranged and operating substantially as herein before described with reference
to and shown in the drawings.