Improvements in Appliances for Cooling or Heating and Filtering Oil and like Liquids.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application; 17th May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 17th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Appliances for Cooling or Heating and Filtering
Oil and like Liquids.
I, FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY, of 11, Mark Lane, London, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to apparatus in which a jacketed cylinder is fitted internally
with rotating scrapers and oil circulators and has ways and connections by means of
which liquid ammonia or like substance is injected into the jacket and allowed to
evaporate therein, the gas evolved being led to a liquifier. The main object is to
cool the oil or liquid by direct application of heat absorbing liquid combined with
direct application of the pressure necessary for filtration, thereby producing better
results with greater economy than heretofore.
The invention consists
First. In making the upper end of the jacket in which the refrigerating liquid is
vapourized or gasefied, of sufficient capacity to contain a coil through which the
refrigerating liquid coming from and subjected to the liquifier pressure is caused to
flow before entering the jacket so providing ample gas space.
Second. In combining apparatus for cooling oil with pumps for supplying the oil
or liquid to the cooling cylinder with a filter press to receive the cooled oil the
filtering pressure being obtained by the pumps and with pumps for forcing air into
the said cylinder so as to discharge the whole of the oil through the filter press.
Third. In making the scrapers and carrying shaft hollow, and with connections by
which fluids for altering the temperature of the oil or liquid may be passed there-
through, and also in providing the jacket with connections for heating fluid, or with
a coil for conveying heating fluid.
Fourth. In combining two or more cooling appliances in such manner that oil
and ammonia flow in opposite directions therethrough.
Fifth. In combining two or more cooling appliances having one common ainmonia
inlet and outlet with separate oil or liquid inlets and outlets so that different oils or
liquids may be cooled at the same time.
Sixth. In combining within a common case two or more cooling appliances each
having a cooling coil.
1
TA
1
JK J
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Appliances for Cooling or Heating and Filtering
Oil and like Liquids.
I, FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY, of 11, Mark Lane, London, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention relates to apparatus in which a jacketed cylinder is fitted internally
with rotating scrapers and oil circulators and has ways and connections by means of
which liquid ammonia or like substance is injected into the jacket and allowed to
evaporate therein, the gas evolved being led to a liquifier. The main object is to
cool the oil or liquid by direct application of heat absorbing liquid combined with
Prine &

page_text: direct application of the pressure necessary for filtration, thereby producing better
results with greater economy that heretofore.
The invention consists
First. In making the upper end of the jacket in which the refrigerating liquid is
vaporized or gasefied,-of sufficient capacity to contain a coil through which the
refrigerating liquid-coming from and subjected to the liquifier pressure is caused
to flow before entering the jacket-so providing ample gas space.
Second. In combining apparatus for cooling oil, with pumps for supplying the oil
or liquid to the cooling cylinder with a filter press to receive the cooled oil the
filtering pressure being obtained by the pumps and with pumps for forcing air into
the said cylinder so as to discharge the whole of the oil through the filter press.
Third. In making the scrapers and carrying shaft hollow and with connections by
which fluids--for altering the temperature of the oil or liquid-may be passed
therethrough, and also in providing the jacket with connections for heating fluid or
with a coil for conveying heating fluid.
Fourth. In combining two or more cooling appliances in such manner that oil and
ammonia flow in opposite directions therethrough.
Fifth. In combining two or more cooling appliances having one common ammonia
inlet and outlet with separate oil or liquid inlets and outlets so that different oils or
liquids may be cooled at the same time.
Sixth. In combining within a common case two or more cooling appliances each
having a cooling coil.
5 are
In order that my invention may be readily understood I have appended hereto a
vertical section of apparatus illustrating my invention, 1 is a cast metal cylinder
provided with a jacket 2, and closed at top and bottom by covers 3 and 4.
scrapers and oil circulators carried by arms 6 on the central spindle 7 and held
against the walls of the cylinder by springs 8. 9 oil inlet, 10 oil outlet. The said
outlet serves as a bearing for the spindle 7 which is provided at its lower end with
a worm 11 which fits within the outlet and feeds forward the cooled and thickened
oil, 12 driving gear for spindle. The jacket 2 is formed so as to enclose an enlarged
space around the upper end of the cylinder 1, within which is fitted a coil 13, one
end 14 of the coil 13 is connected to an ammonia liquifier whilst the other end 15 leads
into the bottom of the space enclosed by the jacket 2. 16 way leading from the
top of the jacketed space to a gas compression pump. 17 overflow pipe for liquid
ammonia leading to another jacket or elsewhere as desired. 18, drain cock. The
inlet 9 is connected to oil supply and air pumps, and the outlet 10 to a filter press.
The cooling of the oil is effected by the gasification of the liquid ammonia
contained in the jacketed space around the cylinder, at the same time the warm
liquid ammonia passing through the coil 13 is cooled by contact with the gas passing
off through the way 14. The warm oil pumped into the cylinder is forced when
cold directly into the filter press so that the solidified portions of the oil are not
broken up or disturbed and are readily separated from the liquid portion of the
oil. When the whole of the oil has been treated the air pumps are put in action
and all the oil is forced out of the cylinder through the press.
The shaft and scrapers may be made hollow in any usual manner so that fluid
may be circulated through them and the jacket and coil may be used for heating
fluids or separate connections may be made for that purpose. In this way the
apparatus may be used either for heating or cooling oils.
When the oil does not
produce solid matter when cooled, the pumps and press need not be used.
In some cases it will be found economical to connect several coolers together so
that the ammonia passes from cooler to cooler in one direction, whilst the oil is
forced through the cylinders in the opposite direction. In this case, the overflow 17
would be connected to the coil 13 of the next cooler. Under another modification
all the coils of a number of coolers would be connected to one liquid ammonia supply
pipe and the ammonia gas outlet ways to one compression pump. In this case each
cooler would act independently of the others as regards the oil being cooled. If
desired instead of each cooling cylinder being provided with a jacket a number of

page_text: cooling cylinders may be contained within one jacket. It will be obvious that many
modifications may be made without departing from my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In oil coolers an enlarged jacketed space containing a coil substantially in
the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Second. The combination of oil cooling apparatus with oil and air pumps and a
filter press substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Third. The combination of oil heating or cooling appliances with hollow scrapers
and connections substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The combination of two or more coolers in series substantially as set
forth.
w
Fifth. The combination of two or more coolers so as to have one common ammonia
inlet and outlet substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination of two or more coolers in one case substantially as set
forth.
יו וייז
101
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.