Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Locks and Escutcheons for Locks.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 5th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 6th Mar.. 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Locks and
Escutcheons for Locks.
I VINCENT DUGMORE of 331 Newhampton Road Wolverhampton in the
County of Stafford Lock-maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to door-locks, pad-locks and other locks of various shapes
and also to escutcheons used over the key-holes of locks.
Under a first method the box-part of a door-lock pad-lock or other lock has
hitherto been made by producing a frame open on both sides, to one of such open
sides being secured a piece of metal forming the bottom of box, into the open box
so formed is placed and secured the mechanism of .the lock and then a second piece
of metal somewhat similar to the bottom-plate is secured over the face of filled
box or frame and secured by means of screws or equivalent fastenments.
By a second old method the box-parts of door-locks, pad-locks, and other locks
have hitherto been produced by a stamping process or by a casting process the
edges of the lock-box or lock-frame being in such cases formed in one piece with
the bottom, a sheet-metal or cast-metal cover being used to close the locking-
mechanism as hereinbefore described in relation to the first old method.
The key-hole escutcheons of locks have hitherto consisted of an ornamental
covering-plate through which was pierced a key-hole such old-style escutcheons
were secured over the key-hole of door or other structure carrying a lock, such
old-style escutcheons were and are secured by means of nails or screws passing
through the escutcheon into the wood-work of door surrounding the key-hole such
nails or screws are unsightly and also a source of continual danger and nuisance,
catching any person's fingers using a key in the dark, tearing the clothing and in
other ways being a disadvantage in use.
Locks made by either of the old methods hereinbefore described can be
destroyed by inserting wedges or other forcing-tools between the cover or covers
and thereby bursting open the box-part of lock and tampering with the locking-
mechanism within the box or frame.
To remedy the defects and imperfections in door-locks pad-locks and other
locks hereinbefore described and to also remedy the defects in the making of
old-style escutcheons I produce the locks and key-hole escutcheons in the improved
manner hereinafter described.
In producing a door-lock I cast or otherwise produce the box with the bottom
edges and part of the top-plate or both plates all in one piece "no joints";
I leave an opening in the top plate which is by preference round although it may
be oval or of any suitable polygonal shape, the locking-mechanism would next be
put inside the solid edged box and a round or other shaped cover secured in the
round or other shaped opening formed in the top or bottom plate.
In producing a pad-lock I proceed in a precisely similar manner to that herein-
before described in relation to the door-lock.
In producing any other kind or shape of lock I cast or otherwise produce a box

page_text: with an opening into which locking-mechanism is introduced and a lid afterwards
secured in the opening.
Locks made solid in the manner herein before described are safer for use than
the old-style of lock with its various open joints.
In making my improved escutcheons I provide the usual covering plate of any
desired design through which is pierced the key-hole, then by a first modification
of back-rim I provide a band perforated with holes or depressions so that when a
round hole is bored in the wood-work or other material to which the lock is
secured that needs a key-hole-escutcheon the escutcheon would be simply placed
against the wood-work or material until the back rim enters the hole provided to
receive it where it would be secured in position without screws or nails by the
action of the wood or the other material expanding into the holes or depressions
in the back-rim or ring.
By a second modification of back-rim or ring I provide a rim or ring or thimble
the transverse section of which would present to view a projecting nose and
underneath such nose would be a corresponding or equivalent depression or groove
the two members forming by preference an O. G, when this rim or ring is pressed
into its receiving-hole the nose part would be at the bottom of the hole aud the
hollow part near the top of hole consequently the wood or other substance would
quickly expand into the peripheral groove of escutcheon back-ring and effectually
secure the escutcheon in position without the use of nails or screws.
By a third modification of lock-rim I form such rim surface out of angles the
apexes of which would all be central with centre of key-hole, such a back-rim
secured to an escutcheon would when pressed into a hole slightly smaller than
the diameter of the rim across its apexes cause such apexes to each cut its way
into the wall of the hole and so secure the escutcheon without the use of nails
or screws.
By a fourth modification of lock-rim the transverse section would be bell-shaped,
the mouth of the bell (the largest diameter) being the upper-face, the diameter of
the root-end being less than the mouth-end, the mouth-end would enter and pass
to the bottom of receiving-hole and the wood or other material would expand
into the narrow end at root of rim, thus gripping the rim tightly and securing
the rim and its escutcheon-plate in position without the use of nails or screws.
Dated this 6th day of October 1896.
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, Corporation Street, Birmingham,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Locks and
Escutcheons for Locks.
I, VINCENT DUGMORE of 331 Newhampton Road Wolverhampton in the
County of Stafford Lock-maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :---
This invention relates to door-locks, pad-locks, and other locks of various shapes
and also to escutcheons used over the key-boles of locks.
Under a first old method the box-part of a door-lock, pad-lock or other lock has
hitherto been made by producing a frame open on both sides, to one of such open
sides being secured a piece of metal forming the bottom of box, into the open
box so formed is placed and secured the mechanism of the lock and then a second

page_text: piece of metal somewhat similar to the bottom plate is placed over the face of
filled box or frame and secured by means of screws or equivalent fastenments.
By a second old method the box-part of door-locks, pad-locks and other locks
has hitherto been produced by a stamping process or by a casting process, the
edges of the lock-box or lock-frame being in such cases formed in one piece with
the bottom, a sheet-metal or cast-metal cover being used to close the locking-
mechanism as hereinbefore described in relation to the first old method.
The key-hole escutcheons of locks have hitherto consisted of an ornamental
covering-plate through which was pierced a key-hole, such old-style escutcheons
where secured over the key-hole of door or other structure carrying a lock by
means of nails or screws passing through the escutcheon into the wood-work of
door surrounding the key-hole such nails or screws are unsightly and also al
source of continual danger and nuisance, catching any person's fingers using a key
in the dark, tenring the clothing and in other ways heing a disadvantage in use.
Locks made by either of the old methods hereinbefore described can be destroyed
by inserting wedges or other forcing tools between the cover or covers and thereby
bursting open the box-part of lock and tampering with the locking-mechanism
within the box or frame.
To remedy the defects and imperfections in door-locks, pad-locks and other
locks hereinbefore described, and to also remedy the defects in the making of
old-style escutcheons I produce the locks and key-hole escutcheons in the improved
manner hereinafter described.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
the manner in which the several modifications of my invention are constructed
and used.
Figure I represents a plan of improved pad-lock frame.
Figure 2 represents a section of the pad-lock Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a plan of a door-lock-frame.
Figure 4 represents plan of cover for pad-lock frame.
Figure represents an edge view of Figure 4.
Figure 6 represents a plan of cover for a door-lock frame.
Figure 7 represents an under-side plan of first modification of an escutcheon.
Figure 8 represents a section of Figure 7.
Figure 9 represents an under-side plan of third modification of escutcheon.
Figure 10 represents a section of Figure 9.
Figure 11 represents an under-side plan of second modification of escutcheon.
Figure 12 represents a section of Figure 11.
Figure 13 represents an under-side plan of fourth modification of escutcheon.
Figure 14 represents a section of Figure 13.
In carrying out the several modifications of my invention I proceed in the
following manner.
In producing a door-lock I cast or otherwise produce the box or frame with the
bottom, edges and top all in one piece, excepting that an opening a is left in
the top plate through which to put the locking-mechanism, the opening a Figure 3
would by preference be round as shewn at Figure 3, although it may be oral or
of any suitable polygonal shape, the locking-mechanism would next be put inside
the solid-edged box and a round cover as shewn at Figure 6 secured in the
opening a, or a cover of a configuration to suit the opening a secured therein,
he cover is in some cases secured to the box by forming a thread on the edge b
of cover to take into a female screw formed on the edge c of opening a. the
opening a is shewn at Figure 3 as formed in the top-plate or top-face of box,
he key-stud in such cases being cast on the inside-face of bottom of box.
I prefer in other cases to form the opening in the under-side of box, in such
ases the removable cover would carry the key-stud d.
In producing a pad-lock I proceed in a precisely similar manner to that herein-
efore described in relation to the door-lock-case or box, Figure 3. I provide a
ox in the shape of a pad-lock as shewa in plan at Figure 1 and in section at

page_text: Figure 2. (The section Figure 2 is also a true section of the door-lock-box
Figure 3 excepting the two studs.) The shape of the pad-lock as shewn is best
suited to receive the circular opening as shewn at a Figure 1, nevertheless I in
some cases produce an oval passage or a passage of any suitable polygonal shape
either in connection with the pattern of pad-lock shewn at Figure 1 or with any
other pattern of pad-lock, as it is well known to lock-makers that pad-locks
fastening with a hasp or curb are made with lock-mechanism-boxes of many
different shapes, and to all of such different shapes I apply my new method of
forming the top, bottom, and edges in one solid piece, moreover I consider the
application of my improved system to pad-locks of equal (if not greater) importance
to its use in connection with doer-locks and other locks because a pad-lock is more
exposed than any other class of lock and it presents the whole of its edges and
faces to the view of the person disposed to tamper with it.
In producing any other kind of lock the shape of which differs from the door-
lock shewn at Figure 3 and the pad-lock shewn at Figure 1, I cast or otherwise
produce a box of the required configuration with an opening equivalent to the
opening shewn at a Figure 3, and at a Figures 1 and 2, through such opening the
locking-mechanism would be passed to the inside of the box and a suitable lid
afterwards secured in the box-mouth or opening.
Door-locks and pad-locks cast or otherwise produced in one piece in the manner
illustrated and described can be produced so as to be many times stronger and
safer as locks than the old-style door-locks and pad-locks and yet the cost of
producing such improved locks need not much exceed the cost of producing the
old-style door-locks and pad-locks.
In making my improved escutcheons I provide the usual covering-plate f of any
desired design through which is pierced the key-hole, then by a first modification
of back-rim I provide a baud g of any desired design perforated with holes or
depressions or equivalent parts so that when a round hole is bored in the wood-
work or other material to which the lock is secured that needs a key-hole-
escutcheon the escutcheon would be simply placed against the wood-work or
material until the back-rim g entered the hole provided to receive it where it
would be secured in position without screws or nails by the action of the wood
or the material expanding into the holes or equivalent depressions in the back
rim or ring g, the depressions being made by bulging or embossing the ring
or rim g.
By a second modification of back ring or rim I provide a ring or rim or thimble
the transverse section of which would present to view a projecting nose jand
underneath such nose would be a corresponding reversed depression or groovek,
the two members forming by preference an O.G., when this rim or ring is
pressed into its receiving-hole the nose part j would be at the bottom of the hole
and the hollow part would be near the top of hole, consequently the wood or
other substance would quickly expand into the peripheral groove of escutcheon
back-ring and effectually secure the escutcheon-plate in position without the use
of nails or screws.
By a third modification of lock-rim I ferm such rim-surface out of angles the
apexes of which would all be central with centre of key-hole m, such a back-rim
secured to an escutcheon would when pressed into a hole slightly smaller than the
diameter of the rim across its apexes 7 cause such apexes to each cut its way
into the wall of the hole and so secure the escutcheon-plate 2 without the use of
nails or screws.
By a fourth modification of lock-rim the transverse section would be bell-shaped,
the mouth of the bell m (the largest diameter) being the upper-face, the diameter
of the root-end o being less than the mouth-end n, the mouth-end » would enter
and pass to the bottom of receiving-hole. and the wood or other material would
expand into the narrow end o at root of rim, thus gripping the rim tightly and
securing the rim and its escutcheon-plate in position without the use of nails
or screws.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The making of a door-lock with the top-plate the edges and the bottom-
plate of action-box, all combined in one piece, one face of such action-box being
provided with an opening to receive the lock-action and with a cover to fit the
opening, as illustrated and described.
2nd. The making of a pad-lock with the top-plate, the edges and the bottom-
plate of action-box all combined in one piece, one face of such action-box being
provided with an opening to receive the lock-action and with a cover to fit the
opening, as illustrated and described.
3rd. The making of locks of any outer configuration with the top-plate, the
bottom-plate and the edges all combined in one piece, to form an action-box, one
face of such action-box being provided with an opening to receive the lock-action
and also with a cover to fit the opening.
4th. The making of a lock-escutcheon by the combination of an escutcheon-
plate with a back-rim in which is pierced openings or in which are compressed
hollows, the escutcheon being secured over the key-hole of lock by the action of
the wood or other substance (into which the back-rim is sunk) in or on the
pierced openings or compressed hollows as illustrated and described in relation to
Figures 7 and 8.
5th. The making of lock-escutcheons by the combination of an escutcheon-plate
with a back-rim formed with a peripheral groove by means of which the
escutcheon is secured over the key-hole of lock as illustrated and described in
relation to Figures 11 and 12.
6th. The making of a lock-escutcheon by the combination of an escutcheon-
plate with a back-rim formed of a series of angles the apexes of which secure the
escutcheon over the key-hole of lock, as illustrated and described in relation to
Figures 9 and 10.
7th. The making of lock-escutcheons by the combination of an escutcheon-
plate with a bell-shaped back rim or ring by means of which the escutcheon is
secured over the key-hole of lock as illustrated and described in relation to
Figures 13 and 14.
Dated this 14th day of November 1896
Witness
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, 67 Corporation Street,
Birmingham, Patent Agent.
VINCENT DUGMORE.