A SURE, SAFE, AND READIE WAY FOR THE MAKEINGE, MELTING, OR SMELTING, CASTING, FOUND- ING, DDUCEING, FINEING, NEALINGE, BEATING, AND WORKEING OF IRON, STEELE,BRASSE, COPPER, TYNNE, LEADE, AND ALL OTHER KIND OF OAREMETTLE, AND METTALIQUE CONCOCCONS, AND FOR CASTING OF ORDINANCE, AND DOEING ALL OTHER WORKES OF LIKE NATURE VPON AN HEARTH OR FURNACE APTED FOR THAT PURPOSE WITH FIRE OF SEA COALE, PITT COALE, OR STONE COLE, AND OF AS GOOD CONDICOM AS THE SAME HAVE BEEN HERETOFORE MADE AND DONE WITH CHARCOALE AND YET WITHOUT MIXEING THE SAME WITH CHARCOLE OR CHARKING THE SAIDE SEA COLE, PITT COALE OR STONE COALE, WHICH THING, HOWSOEVER SOME HAVE HERETOFORE VNDER- TAKEN TO DOE YET, WAS NEVER BROUGHT TO PFECСON OR USED WITHIN ANY OF OUR DOMYNIONS
Year: 1636

page_text: CHARLES, by the grace of God Kinge of England, Scotland, France, and
Ireland, Defender of the Faieth, &c., to all to whome theise psente shall
come, greeting.
.
WHEREAS our welbeloved subiecte and servaunt Sir PHILLIBERT VERNATT,
Knight and Barronet, hath informed vs that by his greate charge, industrie,
and endeavors hee hath found out and broughte to pfeccon "A SURE, SAFE,
AND READIE WAY FOR THE MAKEINGE, MELTING, OR SMELTING, CASTING, FOUND-
ING, DDUCEING, FINEING, NEALINGE, BEATING, AND WORKEING OF IRON, STEELE,
BRASSE, COPPER, TYNNE, LEADE, AND ALL OTHER KIND OF OAREMETTLE, AND
METTALIQUE CONCOCCONS, AND FOR CASTING OF ORDINANCE, AND DOEING ALL OTHER
WORKES OF LIKE NATURE VPON AN HEARTH OR FURNACE APTED FOR THAT PURPOSE
WITH FIRE OF SEA COALE, PITT COALE, OR STONE COLE, AND OF AS GOOD CONDICOM
AS THE SAME HAVE BEEN HERETOFORE MADE AND DONE WITH CHARCOALE, AND YET
WITHOUT MIXEING THE SAME WITH CHARCOLE, OR CHARKING THE SAIDE SEA COLE, PITT
COALE, OR STONE COALE, WHICH THING, HOWSOEVER SOME HAVE HERETOFORE VNDER-
TAKEN TO DOE YET, WAS NEVER BROUGHT TO PFECСON OR USED WITHIN ANY OF OUR
DOMYNIONS," and hath humbly besoughte vs that we would bee graciously
pleased to graunt vnto him, our Lies Patente of priviledge for the sole vse of
the saide Invenčon within our realmes of England and Ireland, and domynion
of Wales, and in manifestacon of his zeale to our service and as tender of his
thankefullnes for such a gracious favour, hath made offer to bind himselfe by
coveňnte to render to vs, our heires and successors, five shillinge vpon every
tunne that shall bee made by them, his agente and deputies, by virtue of our

page_text: saide Lřes Pattente, or with any other person or persons with whome hee, his
executors, administrators, or assignes, shall make and receave any composičon
by the tunne, and the tenth parte of all such some and sōmes of money as hee
the saide Sir Phillbert Vernatt, his executors, administrators, or assignes, shall
any tyme receave vpon any other composicon to bee made in grosse and
not by the tunne with any person or persons for the vse of our saide priviledge
according to our said Lřes Patente soe to bee to him made.
at
KNOWE YEE,. that wee, well approveing and accepting of the service and
offer of the saide Sir Philbert Vernatt in the Pmisses, and being inclyned to
yeilde our princely favour to an invenčon of the kind tending to this comon good of
our realmes and domynions in the pservacon and saveing the wood and tymber
within the same, which is nowe much decayed and excessively consumed by
theise work by converting the same into charcoale ymployed that way, which
by this Invenĉon wilbee nourished and much pserved in tyme to come for the
benefitt of shippinge and other occasions of consequence, and by means
whereof many ironworke, (which nowe for want of wood and charcoale are laied
downe and lefte may bee recontynued, and and diverse of our subiecte in many
respect by meanes thereof much benefitted; and wee alsoe, intending to reward
and recompence the industrie and charge of the saide Sir Philbert Vernott
bestowed and expended in and aboute the discovery and pfecting of the saide
newe Invenčon by appropriating the benefitt thereof to him for some terme of
yeares, of our especiall grace, tain knowledge, and meere močon, have gyven
and graunted, and by theise psente, for vs, our heires and successors, doe
give and graunte vnto the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, full and sole licence, libtie, power, priviledge and
authoritie, that hee, the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, and every of them, and none other, by him or themselves,
or his or theire deputies, factors, servaunte, workemen, and agente, shall and
lawfully may att all tymes and from tyme to tyme dureing the terme of yeares
hereafter in theise psente graunted, vse, exercise, practice, and putt in vre,
within our realmes of England and Ireland and domynion of Wales, att his
and there libertie and pleasure, the saide newe way, invenčon, and meanes by
him, the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, found out and pfected as aforesaid, vpon
any hearth, furnace, or other place apted for that purpose, for the makeing,
melting, smelting, casting, foundinge,, pducinge, fineinge, nealing, beating, or
workeing of iron, steele, brasse, copper, tynne, lead, or any other kinde of oare,
mettle or mettlelique concoccons, or for the casting of ordinance,. or doeing
any other work of like nature, with a fire of seacoale, pitt coale, or stone
coale, without mixeing the same with charcoale or charking, the saide sea coale,

page_text: pitt coale, or stone coale, or with any other fewell or combustible matter, of
what nature or qualitie soever the same bec, wood or fuell made of wood only
excepted; and that hce, the saide Sir Phillipp Vernatt, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, shall and may lawfully make, erecte, and sett vpp, in any
place or places within our saide realmes of England and Ireland and domynion
of Wales, or any of them, any hearthes, furnace, engyne, instrument, or
structure whatsoever for the makeing, melting, smelting, casting, founding,
pduceing, fineing, nealinge, beating or working of iron, steele, brass, copper,
tynne, leade, or any other thinge, ore, mettall or mettalique concoccons, or
doeing any other work of like nature with sea coale, pitt coale, or stone coale,
or other fewell as aforesaide, wood or fewell made of wood only excepted)
according to the saide Invenĉon, and the same iron, steele, brasse, copper, tyne,
leade, and other kind of oare, mettalle, and mettallique concoccons soe made
to vtter, sell, or dispose of in grosse or by retayle, or otherwise to doe away att
moderate rates and prices att his and theire wille and pleasure, and to his and
theire best comodite and proffitt. And further, to the end the saide Sir Phillibert
Vernatt, his executors, administrators, and assignes, may have and enioye the
full and whole benefitt and comodite of the saide Invencon soe by him
devised or broughte to pfeccon as aforesaide, our will and pleasure is, and
by theise sente wee doc, for vs, our heires and successors, straightly charge,
inhibitt, and comaunde; and doe alsoe of our more especiall grace, certayne
knowledge, and meere močon, for vs, our heires and successors, graunte vnto
the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, administrators, and assignes,
that noe person or persons, of what estate, degree, or condicon soever hee, they,
or any of them bee, other then the saide Sir Phillibert Vernott, his executors,
administrators, or assignes, or his or theire deputies, servaunt, or agente, or
such as shalbe authorised by him or them dureing the saide terme hereafter
in theise psente graunted, doe or shall vse, exercise, or putt in practice, directly
or indirectly, the saide Invenčon by the saide Sir Phillibert Vernott soe found
out and pfected for the makeing, melting, smelting, castinge, founding,
fyning, nealing, beating, or workeing of iron, steele, brasse, copper, tynne,
lead, or other kind of oare, mettle, or mettlelique concoccons as afore-
saide, nor shall counterfeyte, ymitate, or resemble the same, or make any
addičon therevuto. or. substracčon from the same, whereby to Ptend them-
selves to bee inventors thereof, nor shall make, crecte, or sett vpp any
furnaces, structures, engynes, or instrum" to that end,. vse, or purpose
as aforesaide without the licence, consent, and agreement of the saide Sir
Philbert Vernat, his executors, administrators, or assignes, firste had and
obteyned in writeing in that behalfe, vpon payne of the losse and forfeyture,

page_text: to our vse of all and every such iron, leade, tynne, copper, and other the
mettalle aforesaide so made, melted, smelted, or wrought as aforesaid, and vpon
the penaltie of haveing the same furnace, structures, engynes, and instrumente
to bee demolished, pulled downe, and defaced, and vppon and vnder such further
paynes and penalties as by the lawes or statutes of this realme or otherwise
'may bee inflicted vpon such offender or offenders for their contempte of our
royall pleasure and comaund in this behalfe; to have and to hould the saide
lycences, lyberties, powers, priviledges, and authorities by theise psente
graunted or menconed to bee graunted vnto the saide Sir Philbert Vernatt, his
executors, administrators, and assignes, for and dureing the terme and vnto the
full end and terme of fourteene yeares from the date of theise psente nexte
And the saide Sir Pliillibert
ensueing, and fully to be compleate and ended.
Vernatt, for himselfe, his executors, administrators, and assignes, doe coveñnte,
pmise, and graunte to and with vs, our heires and successors, by theise psente,
to yeilde and pay vnto vs, our heires and successors, during the saide terme.
hereby graunted, the some of five shilling of lawfull money of England vpon
every tunne of iron, leade, tynne, copper, or other the saide mettles or metal-
lique concoccons that shall bee made by him or them, or his or theire agente,
deputies, or servaunte by virtue of theise our Lřes Pattente, or by any
other person or persons with whom hee, the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, his
.executors, administrators, or assignes, shall make or reccave any composicon by
the tunne, and the tenth parte of all such some and somes of money and other.
proflitt that hee, his executors, administrators, or assignes, shall att any tyme
receave vpon any other composition to bee made in. grosse and not by the
tunne with any person or persons for the vse, exercise, and enioyeing of the saide
priviledge according to theise our Lřes Patente, the saide five shilling vpon.
every tunne, and the tenth parte of all other composicon to bee made in grosse
and not by the tunne, as aforesaide, to be from tyme to tyme dureing the saide.
terme aunsweared and paid to vs, our heirs and successors, to the hand of
such person or persons as wee shall appointe to receave the same, and in
defaulte of such appointment the same to bee paied into the receipte of our
Exchequer att the feaste of Sainte Michael the Archangell yearely dureing
the said terme vpon iuste and true accompte to bee from tyme to tyme made
and gyven vpp in our Courte of Exchequer vpon oath or oathes of the said 'Sir
Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, administrators, or assignes, or his or theire
deputies or agente. And wee doe by theise psente for vs, our heires and suc
cessors, give and graunte full power and authoritie vnto the saide Sir Philibert
Vernatt, his executors, administrators, and assignes, that hee and they, by him.
and themselves, or by his and theire deputies, servaunt, or agente, with the

page_text: assistance of a constable or any other lawfull officer, att convenient tyme and
tymes shall and lawfully may enter into and make search in all or any house or
houses, or other place and places whatsoever within our saide realmes of England
and Ireland and domynions of Wales where any iuste cause of suspicon shall bee
for discovery and finding out such as shall vse, exercise, or putt in practice
the aforesaide Invencon of the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, or shall have
erected, made, or sett vpp any furnace, structure, engyne, or instrument for
those ende or purposes, and in ymitacon or resemblance of the same, contry to
the true intente and meaning of theise psents, to the end the saide iron, leade,
tynne, copper, and other mettalle soc made and wroughte may be seized and
taken to our vse as forfeyted, and that the same furnaces, structures, engynes,
or instrument may bee alsoe demolished, defaced, destroyed, and pulled
downe, and that the delinquente being discovered may receave such further
punishment according to theire demerritte as shall bee thought meete; and
we doe by theise psents, for vs, our heires and successors, will and require as-
well the Lord Treasurer, Chancellor, Undertreasurer, and Barons of the
Exchequer, as all and singuler maiors, sheriffe, justices of the peace,
bayliffe, constables, headboroughs, and other officers and ministers of vs, our
heires and successors, of our saide severall realmes of England and Ireland,
and domynions of Wales for the tyme being, that they and every of them
respectively in theire severall offices and places from tyme to tyme, dureing the
terme aforesaide, bee aydeing, favouring, and assisting to the said Sir
Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, administrators, and assignes, and his and
theire deputies, servaunte, and agente, in and by all thing in and aboute the
accomplishment of our pleasure herein declared, and in the lawfull exercise
and execuĉon of the saide misses hereby graunted or menčoned to bee
graunted as aforesaide, and that they or any of them doe not att any tyme
hinder, moleste, or interrupte the saide Sir Philibert Vernatt, his executors,
administrators, deputies, or assignes, or any of them, in any wise conning the
Pisses as they tender our royall pleasure herein declared, and theise our
Lřes Pattente, or the inrollement thereof, shall bee theire sufficient warrant in
that behalfe Provided alwayes, that if the saide yearely rente or some of five.
shilling for and vpon every tunne or the tenth parte of such other com-
posičons as shall bee made in grosse and not by the tunne as aforesaide shall
happen to be behind and vnpayed in parte or in all by the space of thirtie
dayes nexte after the saide feast in which the same oughte to bee paied as
aforesaide; or if the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, administrators,
or assignes, shall not inroll or cause to bee inrolled this our Psent graunte
before the Clarke of the Pipe in our Exchequer within sixe moneths after the

page_text: date hereof, that then the saide Sir Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, shall forfeyte and pay vnto vs, our heires and successors,
aswell the some of fortie pounde noie pene for such defaulte of paymente as
the some of twentie pounde nōie pene for every sixe moneths defaulte of the
inrollment of theise psente before the saide Clarke of the Pipe for the tyme
being as aforesaide; provided alsoe, and our will and pleasure is, that if att
any tyme dureing the saide terme of fourteene yeares itt shall appeare vnto vs,
our heires and successors, or vnto the Lorde and others of the Privie Councell
for vs, our heires and successors, that this our present graunte is contry to our
lawes, or in any sort mischeevous or inconvenient to the state of our saide severall
realmes, or either of them, that then, vpon significacon or declaracon thereof
to bee made by vs, our heires or successors, vndér our signett or privie séale,
that this our graunte is illegall or inconvenient, theise our Lřes Pattent
shall forthwith cease, determyne, and bee vtterly voide to all intent and
purposes, anything therein conteyned to the contry notwithstanding; and wee
doe hereby graunte, for vs, our heires and successors, vnto, the saide Sir
Phillibert Vernatt, his executors, administrators, and assignes, that theise our
Lřes Pattente, or the inrollment thereof, shall bee firme, good, and effectuall,
according to the true meaning of the same, notwithstanding the not describeing
or not certeyne describeing of the manner, forme, or fashion of the saide
Invencon, or of the hearthes, furnaces, structures, or instrument to bee vsed
in and aboute the same, and notwithstanding any other defect, ympfeccon, or
incertaintie in this our psent graunte, or any acte, statute, ordinance, pro-
clamacon, provision, or restriccon to the contrary thereof in anywise notwith-
standinge. Althoughe expresse mencon, &c.
In witnes, &c. Witnes our selfe att Westñi, the Twoe and twentieth day