MENTS IN BEATERS FOR CLEANING GRAIN, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JOSEPH HENRY PARKES, of The Eagle Flour Mills, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Miller, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BEATERS FOR CLEANING GRAIN, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, to be
as follows:-
The object of my invention is to clean grain more thoroughly and more quickly
than is at present practicable with the beaters in use, and my improvements relate.
to the beaters used in bar beater machines.
:
I make my improved beater bars of steel of a quality capable of being tempered
to a great degree of hardness and tenacity.
These steel beater bars I form with sharp teeth or projections on the working
surfaces to act on the grain which is being cleaned.
To form these teeth or projections I cut the beater bars like a rasp, or as a file,
or after the manner of a float: such cutting being performed by a chisel.
Or I form sharp projecting edges or points by cutting away parts of the bars by
reciprocating planing tools, or by means of rotating milling tools or cutters.
Suitable sharp projecting edges or points having been formed on the beater bars
by any of the above methods, and the bars having been hardened and tempered,
such projecting edges or points act upon the grain being cleaned and remove the
excrescent parts; earthy and other impurities being broken up by the action of
the projecting edges or points, and the grain left cleaned and polished.
Other substances beside grain may be treated in machines fitted with these
improved beater bars.

page_text: I JOSEPH HENRY PARKES of The Eagle Flour Mills, Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is principally to clean grain more thoroughly and
more quickly than is at present practicable with the beaters in use. My improve-
ments relate especially to the beaters used in bar beater machines but beaters made
according to my invention are applicable to other machines for cleaning grain.
I make my improved beater bars of steel of a quality capable of being tempered
to a great degree of hardness and tenacity.
These steel beater bars I form with sharp teeth or sharp projections on the
working surfaces to act on the grain which is being cleaned. To form these sharp
teeth or sharp projections, I cut the beater bars like a rasp or as a file or after the
manner of a float, such cutting being performed by a chisel.
Or I form sharp projecting edges or points by cutting away parts of the bars by
reciprocating planing tools or by means of rotating milling tools or cutters.
Suitable sharp projecting edges or points having been formed on the beater bars
by any of the above methods, or otherwise formed, and the bars having been
bardened and tempered such projecting edges or points act upon the grain being
cleaned and remove the excrescent parts, earthy and other impurities being broken
up by the action of the projecting edges or points and the grain left cleaned and
polished.
Other substances besides grain may be treated in machines fitted with these
improved beater bara.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in plan and edge view, a
beater or beater bar of an ordinary horizontal cleaning machine constructed
according to my invention, drawn to a small scale and Figure 2 represents a
portion of the same drawn of the full size. But I do not limit myself to any size
of beater. In Figure 1 sharp teeth or sharp projections are only represented on
the ends of the beater bar but it must be understood that the whole of the faces
and edges of the bar are covered with sharp teeth or sharp projections.
a. a. a are the file rasp or other like sharp teeth or sharp projections formed on
each of the broader faces and also on the edges of the steel beater or beater bar,
the said sharp teeth or sharp projections being formed by any of the methods
hereinbefore described or otherwise made. The beater bars are attached to the
radial arms of the cleaning machine herein after referred to by screws passed
through the holes b, b.

page_text: Although I prefer to make on the beater bar, sharp teeth or sharp projections
of the kind represented in the Drawing, yet I do not limit myself to sharp teeth
or sharp projections of that kind.
Instead of sharp teeth or sharp projections, a series of fine grooves parallel to
the longer edges of the beater bar may be employed so as to form a series of fine
parallel sharp projecting ribs or ridges on the acting faces of the beater bar. The
said grooves may be conveniently made by a planing machine and instead of
making the said grooves continuous they may be made intermittent, that is, a
short groove may be made through a given distance and the bar left plain by
a like or other distance in the same line; a second short groove being made and
the bar left plain through a given distance and so on through the whole length of
the bar. In this case I make the short grooves and plain parts in the second
parallel line of short grooves break joint with the short grooves and plain parts in
the first line of short grooves and so on throughout the series.
Although I prefer to make the said beater bars of hardened and tempered steel
as already described yet I do not limit myself thereto as they may be made of
other hard metal or alloy on which sharp teeth or sharp projections or in which
grooves can be made in the ways described with respect to a steel beater bar; or
the beater bars with their sharp teeth sharp projections or grooves may be made
by casting.
The methods I employ in carrying my invention into effect that is to say the
methods of forming the sharp teeth or sharp projections whether by percussive or
cutting tools as in making file like teeth, or by casting, as well as the method of
hardening and tempering the steel beater bars are methods well known and
commonly employed for various purposes I therefore do not think it necessary to
describe the same.
The beater bars constituting my invention are used in the cleaning machine
employed for cleaning grain and for other like purpose in the same way as the
plain beater bars ordinarily employed are used; that is, they are fixed to the ends
of radial arms carried by a rotating shaft or axis, the shaft being situated in the
axis of the hollow cylinder of the cleaning machine.
The beater bars may either be fixed with their broad faces at right angles to the
radial arms or inclined thereto. The said bars are at a distance preferably from
half an inch to an inch from the interior of the hollow cylinder in which they
revolve according to the kind of grain to be cleaned. If the grain operated upon
is large the beater bars are fixed further from the hollow cylinder than when the
grain operated upon is small.
The grain or other matter to be cleaned is conveyed to and falls into the cleaning
machine; the shaft carrying the beaters is made to rotate by steam or other power
at the rate preferably of about five hundred rotations per minute. By the action
of the beaters on the grain or material as it is carried round any dirt or impurity
attached to it is effectually broken up and detached from the said grain or
material. By the use of my invention dirt, smut balls, weevils and grubs are
effectually removed from wheat and other grain as well as adhering dirt or
impurities from other articles.
Although I prefer to make the sharp teeth sharp projections or grooves on both
of the broad faces of the beater bar yet they may be made on one side only, that
is, on that face of the bar which in the working of the machine strikes against and
picks up the grain under treatment. When the sharp teeth, sharp projections or
grooves are made on both faces of the beater bars, the said bars are inverted or
turned when one face has become worn so as to bring the new or unused face of
the said bars into use.
Cleaning machines having beaters made according to my invention besides being
applicable to the cleaning of wheat and other grain may be applied to the cleaning
of other materials and articles, such for example, as the cleaning of spices and
metallic ores and the cleaning or removing the scale, oxide, or dirt from and
polishing small metallic articles.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as
my invention of "Improvements in beaters for cleaning grain and for other like
purposes
"J
Making on one or on both faces and on the edge or edges of the beaters or beater
bars sharp teeth sharp projections or grooves by the action of which sharp teeth
sharp projections or grooves the dirt smut and other impurities attached to the
grain or the dirt or impurities attached to other materials and articles are more
effectually broken up and removed from the grain materials or articles than by the
use of plain ordinary beaters or beater bars substantially as herein before described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Dated this Twenty fifth day of August 1886