Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Oct., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 24th Aug., 1888
I CONRAD CHRISTIAN SEVERIN KNAP of Queen Victoria Street, London in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention consists of the improvement herein-after described, in promoting
artificially, the circulation of water, in water tube boilers, whereby water to be con-
verted into steam, is made to circulate more efficiently than has heretofore been
accomplished by natural means.
Thus by increased circulation, extra evaporation of steam is thereby attained.
I will describe my invention, in connection with a water tube boiler, with an upper
receiver, such as Babcock's, or a boiler provided with a Stollwerck's purifying water
feed. These boilers have a return pipe from the receiver to the boiler proper, and it
is within this return pipe, the circulation of the water is artificially promoted, by
placing therein a fan, (preferably of the "blower" principle), which on being rotated
from the outside, by a pulley or other gear, connected with its axis water is made to
circulate much more efficiently than is performed by natural means.
The blower, fan, vane or pallet wheel, or the like, is fitted and surrounded by a
suitable casing, wherein the water circulating expedient works, while the axis and
connected parts are carried and supported by suitable brackets or framings.
Instead of a fan or blower, a piston like valve may be made to force or drive in a
forward direction, liquid to be artificially displaced.
Although I have described my invention as particularly applicable to water tube
boilers, consisting of a series of parallel tubes, disposed at an angle, and connected at
their ends by box.and cap connections, yet my said invention is applicable to all water
circulating boilers, where water with advantage may be circulated.
Th cao. of Octohan 1987

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Means for Promoting Circulation in Water-tube
and other Boilers.
I, CONRAD CHRISTIAN SEVERIN KNAP of Queen Victoria Street London in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to means as herein-after described, for promoting mechanically,
artificial circulation in water-tube boilers, whereby water to be converted into steam, is
made to circulate more efficiently than has heretofore been accomplished; and it is by
the said increased circulation, that extra evaporation, and better steam, is thereby
produced.
"
I will describe my invention, in connection with a "Root" system water-tube boiler,
provided with an upper water receiver or purifier, of the "Stollwerck
"Babcock
types.
or
The boiler has return pipes, from the receiver to the boiler tubes and pipes, and it is
in connection with these return pipes, that circulation of the water (and steam) is
mechanically promoted, by a fan (preferably of the "blower" type) pump, injector, or
other water raiser, or drawer, operated in any convenient manner.
Although I have described my invention as being particularly applicable to water-
tube boilers consisting of a series of parallel tubes, disposed at an angle, and connected
at their ends by bends or caps, yet my said invention is applicable to all steam boilers
for various purposes.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in end elevation, and figure 2 in longitudinal vertical section, a
"Root" (system) water-tube boiler, and "Stollwerck purifier" provided with one
form of my new or improved means for promoting water and steam circulation through
the said boiler and purifier. The arrows indicate the direction of the current of
circulation or displacement effected or promoted by, a fan, pump, injector or other
water lifter, forcer or drawer. It will be seen that both water and steam, or water
alone, is or are made to circulate mechanically through the tubes or tubular system,
and then transferred into an upper receiver, from whence it is again drawn and forced
back into the tubes and so on, thus producing a continuous circulation.
The more rapid water is drawn over the steam generating surface, the more
economically and efficiently will steam be generated to a given quantity of fuel
consumed.
A rapid circulation also prevents the settling and adhesion of sediment, which is a
desideratum unattainable to a great extent by natural circulation.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation of the said boiler, and parts as aforesaid,
and figure 4 is a horizontal section through the purifier, and upon the dotted lines A B
foure 1.

page_text: Figure 5 represents an injector, which may be substituted for the fan or blower as
represented.
The same letters of referenco indicate corresponding parts in figures 1 to 5.
a is the fire grate of the boiler, and b, 6 are a series of parallel and obliquely
directed steam generating tubes-c, c, c, are connecting bends between tubes and
pipes-d, dare horizontal cross connecting pipes, for connecting the tiers of tubes-
e is a "Stollwerck" water purifying apparatus. fare front connecting pipes, between
tubes b, and purifying apparatus e. g is a back or return circulating pipe (or pipes)
between water purifying apparatus e, and tubes of boiler- is a fan, blower or
pump, with axes 2 driven by pulloy h³, and band h*, from engine . i is a feed water
heater, and j is the feed pipe.
Although I have shown the pump or fan as applied to the back or return circulating
pipes g, yet the said water circulating or displacing expedients, may be arranged in
connection with any of the pipes or circulating parts, as described and represented, or
described only.
In figure 5, h is an injector, with steam inlet h³, g is one of the back or return
circulating pipes, and d is the horizontal cross connecting pipe as aforesaid, with
reference to the preceding figures.
Figure 6 represents a water displacer or circulator, applied to a
boiler.
"Cornish "
a is the boiler, is a pipe connection, leading from bottom of boiler, to about the
water level, and h is a fan, blower, pump, injector, or other water raiser or displacer,
which on being operated, produces a continuous circulation of water within the boiler,
the direction of circulation being immaterial. Thus, water may be drawn from top or
bottom, or forced into top or bottom respectively, and with the displacer, applied to
the connection, to any suitable part of the boiler.
Figure 7 shows my invention, applied to another form of boiler or steam
generator.
a, a are cylinders, with connections a², and a top and bottom connection a³; and
applied to pipe a³, is a fan, blower, pump, injector, or other water raiser, or
displacer h.
In water tube boilers, such as the "Belleville" "Root," "Dewager," "Babcock,"
and Wilcox" "Stollwerk" and others, the direction of circulation or water dis-
placement, may be varied if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First Circulating, or circulating mechanically or artifically, the water, or both
water and steam, in, or of, a water tube boiler, or other steam boiler or generator, by
a fan, blower, pump, injector, ejector, or other like water lifters, forcers, drawers or
displacers, substantially as, and for the purpose, as described and set forth.
Secondly-Creating, or increasing the circulation of water, or both water and steam,
of a water tube boiler, or a water tube boiler with purifier as in figures 1. 2. 3 and 4,
by means as described and set forth.
Thirdly The combination with a water tube boiler, of the circulating pipes and
passages d, d, f, g and water lifters, forcers or drawers, as set forth in Figures 1 to 4.
Dated this 20th day of July 1888.
CONRAD CHRISTIAN SEVERIN KNAP.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.