Improvements in Machines for Shearing Hides and Skins.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 21at Jan., 1895-Accepted, 20th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Shearing Hides and Skins.
I, MARIEN CLÉMENT CHAPAL, of 21 Boulevard Poissonnière, Paris, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in machines for shearing hides and skins,
and has for its object to ensure the operation and simplifying the arrangement
of such machines.
A machine constructed according to my said invention comprises a rotary
cylinder, a pressing cylinder, a comb, and a support for the hides or skins to be
sheared. They are supported by a frame made of suitable form and dimensions
and forming a table at its lower end, while the upper end receives the before-
mentioned parts.
The aforesaid rotary cylinder is provided with metallic blades the active part
of which is rounded or made with sharp corners or bevelled according to the
kind of hide or skin to be sheared. These blades are let into longitudinal
grooves formed in the cylinder and retained at their extremities by rings
maintained by a pressing screw. The axis of the cylinder is supported by fixed
bearings made in one piece with the upper part of the machine frame. It
carries at one of its extremities a fixed and loose pulley designed for transmitting
to it the desired rotary movement. At each of the extremities of this axis is an
eccentric the function of which will hereinafter be described.
1 make the pressing cylinder of indiarubber, optionally covered with leather,
felt or any other soft and flexible material. Its axis is suspended at the extremity
of arms appertaining to a common sleeve which is connected with a shaft adapted
to turn in the frame of the machine and having one of its extremities attached
by a lever to an eccentric keyed upon the axis of the rotary cylinder. This
lever is connected to the shaft by a collar enabling the minimum distance between
the two cylinders to be regulated at will. The union between the said lever
and the rod of the eccentric is obtained by means of a bolt traversing an oval
hole in the lever, which union enables the amplitude or movement of the pressing
cylinder to be varied at will.
The before-mentioned comb is fixed to a piece connected to a bracket by
means of a pressing screw. When this screw has been untightened the said
piece, by reason of the oval hole provided therein, may be raised or inclined
forwards or rearwards so as to be able to adjust the position of the comb
relatively to the two cylinders..
One of its
The support is arranged horizontally in front of the two cylinders.
sides, that which must receive the hide or skin to be sheared, is raised so as to be
in the horizontal plane passing between the two cylinders. The opposite side
serves to support the workman who pushes it forwards at the same time as he holds
the hide or skin rolled up upon part of the support. Each of the other two sides
is prolonged and passes into sleeves between which is a spring bearing upon one of
them and upon a collar fixed upon the support; these compressed springs, when
the support is moved forward, have for their object to push it back automatically
as soon as the workman ceases to press. Collars are provided for limiting the
forward movement of the support. The side which receives the hide or skin is
adjusted in position by the aid of collars.
For working this machine a hide or skin is passed upon part of the support and

page_text: the workman holds this hide or skin with his two hands while by a movement of
the body he causes the support to advance towards the comb whose teeth divide the
hair and enable it to pass to the two cylinders between which it engages in order
to be clamped and removed by the blades upon which the second cylinder exerts a
suitable pressure. While this pressing cylinder rises the workman changes the
place of the hide or skin so that fresh hair may be removed.
In a modification of this machine the pressing cylinder has its axis always
supported at the extremity of the arms appertaining to a sleeve connected with a
shaft adapted to turn in the frame of the machine, with this difference that the
said sleeve is made in two parts fixed each by a screw which enables them to be
separated at will for: dismounting the pressing cylinder, and that the said shaft may
-be connected with the frame by means of screws.
It will thus be seen, and this is one of the special features of this modification,
that the shaft carries at one of its extremities an arm having a inovable termin il
ball into which is screwed a rod held in another movable ball appertaining to a
support firmly fixed upon the bed of the frame or at any other suitable place.
Under the action of the turning movement of the screw-threaded rod by means of
any handle, supposing the before-mentioned screws to be untightened, the said arm
is caused to oscillate and with it the arms supporting the pressing cylinder which,
according to the direction of the rotatory movement, has the effect of causing the
pressing cylinder to recede from rotary cylinder or approach the same.
When
the distance between these two cylinders has been suitably adjusted the aforesaid
arm is connected with the screw-threaded rod by means of a counter nut or in any
other appropriate manner; the shaft is rendered immovable by tightening the
screws.
From this it will be seen that the pressing cylinder having once been adjusted
remains fixed contrary to the effect produced by the previously described
- arrangement. 'The machine is thus greatly simplified without any change in
the result.
In this case the rotary cylinder carries four blades put in place and maintained
by means of dises. The shaft of this cylinder, suitably supported by bearings
appertaining to the machine frame, receives at one of its extremities a pulley,
gear wheel or other transmitting part designed for imparting to it a rotary
.movement.
I make the comb in front of the two cylinders of a simple metallic plate slightly
bent at its upper part and mounted upon a square support fixed upon the bed of
the frame. This support is fixed by the aid of bolts traversing oval holes, which
enables the distance between the active edge of the comb and the cylinders to be
adjusted at will. The adjustment of this comb in height is effected by means of an
eccentric mounted upon the said support and caused to turn by a button; this
adjustment takes place by unscrewing the bolts traversing oval holes and by then
tightening them to render the height invariable. The comb is guided laterally by
means of guides fixed upon the support or cast in one piece with the same.
Dated this 21st day of April 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Shearing Hides and Skins.
I, MARIEN CLÉMENT CHAPAL, of 21 Boulevard Poissonnière, Paris, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
"manuer the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in machines for shearing hides and skins,

page_text: and has for its object to ensure the operation and the simplifying of the
arrangement of such machines.
These improvements are shown in the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 is a front view of such machine for shearing hides and skins constructed
in conformity with my invention.
Figure 2 is a transverse section thereof on the line 5-5 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side view on a smaller scale, of the whole machine.
Figure 4 is a front view of a modification of the machine represented in
Figures 1 and 2.
Figures 5 and 6 are a side view and transverse section respectively of said
modification.
The machine represented in Figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a rotary cylinder a, a
pressing cylinder b, a comb c and a support B for the hides or skins to be
sheared; they are supported by a frame made of suitable form and dimensions and
forming a table A₁ at its lower end, while the upper end A' receives the before-
mentioned parts.
The aforesaid rotary cylinder a is provided with metallic blades a¹ the active part
of which is rounded, or made with sharp corners or bevelled according to the kind
of hide or skin to be sheared. These blades are let into longitudinal grooves
formed in the cylinder and retained at their extremities by rings a² maintained by
a pressing screw. The axis of the cylinder a is supported by fixed bearings made
in one piece with the upper part A' of the machine frame. It carries at one of its
extremities a fixed and loose pulley designed for transmitting to it the desired
rotary movement. At each of the extremities of this axis is an eccentric e the
function of which will hereinafter be described.
I make the pressing cylinder of indiarubber optionally covered with leatlier,
felt or any other soft and flexible material. Its axis is suspended at the extremity
of arms m appertaining to a common sleeve which is connected with a shaft
adapted to turn in the frame of the machine and having one of its extremities
connected by a lever in³ to an eccentric e keyed upon the axis of the rotary
cylinder a. This lever m is connected to the shaft by a collar enabling the
minimum distance between the two cylinders a and b to be regulated at will. The
union between the said lever m³ and the rod of the eccentric is obtained by means
of a bolt m² traversing an oval hole in the lever m³, which union enables the
amplitude or movement of the pressing cylinder 6 to be varied at will:
The before-mentioned comb c is fixed to a piece n¹ connected to a bracket e by
means of a clamping screw n. When this screw has been untightened the said
picce n' by reason of the oval hole provided therein, may be raised or inclined
forwards or rearwards so as to be able to adjust the position of the comb c
relatively to the two cylinders a and b.
The support B is arranged horizontally in front of the two cylinders a and b.
One of its sides, that which at the part, must receive the hide or skin to be
unhaired, is raised so as to be in the horizontal plane passing between the two
cylinders a and b. The opposite side serves to support the workman who pushes
it forwards at the same time as he holds the hide or skin rolled up upon part of the
support. Each of the other two sides is prolonged and passes into sleeves d d
between which is a spring bearing upon one of them and upon a collar d' fixed
upon the support; these compressed springs, when the support is moved forward,
have for their object to push it back automatically as soon as the workman ceases
to press. Collars d' are provided for limiting the forward movement of the support.
The side which receives the bide or skin is adjusted in position by the aid of
collars d³.
"
For working this machine a hide or skin is passed upon part za of the support
and the workman holds this hide or skin with his two hands while by a movement
of the body he causes the support B to advance towards the comb c whose teeth
divide the hair and enable it to pass to the two cylinders a and b between which it
engages in order to be clamped and removed by the blades a¹ upon which the second

page_text: cylinder b exerts a suitable pressure. While this pressing cylinder 6 rises the
workman changes the place of the hide or skin so that fresh hair may be removed.
In a modification of this machine represented in Figures 4, 5 and 6 the pressing
cylinder has its axis always supported at the extremity of the arms m³ m*
appertaining to a sleeve connected with a shaft F adapted to turn in the frame of
the machine, with this difference that the said sleeve is made in two parts fixed
each by a screw i which enables them to be separated at will for dismounting the
pressing cylinder b, and that the said shaft F may be connected with the frame by
means of screws j.
It will thus be seen, and this is one of the special features of this modification,
that the shaft F carries at one of its extremities an arm m³ having a movable
terminal ball into which is screwed a rod v held in another movable ball k
appertaining to a support K firmly fixed upon the bed A¹ of the frame or at any
other suitable place. Under the action of the turning movement of the screw-
threaded rod by means of any handle v¹, supposing the before-mentioned screws j
to be untightened, the said arm m³ is caused to oscillate and with it the arms m' m
supporting the pressing cylinder which, according to the direction of the rotatory
movement, has the eflect of causing the pressing cylinder 6 to recede from the
rotary cylinder a or to approach the same. When the distance between these
two cylinders has been suitably adjusted the aforesaid arm m³ is connected with
the screw-threaded rod v by means of a counter nut v or in any other appropriate
manner; the shaft F is rendered immovable by tightening the screws.
From this it will be seen that the pressing cylinder 6 having once been adjusted
remains fixed contrary to the effect produced by the previously described
arrangement. The machine is thus greatly simplified without any change in the
result.
In this case the rotary cylinder a carries four blades a¹ put in place and maintained
by means of discs a². The shaft of this cylinder, suitably supported by hearings
appertaining to the machine frame A2, receives at one of its extremities a pulley,
gear wheel or other transmitting part designed for imparting to it a rotary,
movement.
I make the comb c in front of the two cylinders a and b of a simple metallic
plate slightly bent at its upper part and mounted upon a square support N fixed
upon the bed A¹ of the frame. This support is fixed by the aid of bolts traversing
oval holes, which enables the distance between the active edge of the comb c and
the cylinders a and b to be adjusted at will. The adjustment of this comb in height
is effected by means of an eccentric f mounted upon the said support N and caused
to turn by a button; this adjustment takes place by unscrewing the bolts u
traversing oval holes and by then tightening them to render the height invariable.
The comb c is guided laterally by means of guides fixed upon the support N or cast
in one piece with the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In machines for shearing hides, skins and the like the combination of a rotary
cylinder (a) with blades (a'); of another cylinder (b) of indiarubber with inter-
mittent rising movement; and of devices such as eccentrics causing the said
cylinder (b) to rise, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
2. In machines for shearing hides, skins and the like the combination of a rotary
cylinder (a) with blades (a); of devices allowing of the alternate rising of another
cylinder (b) and of a comb (c) adjustable in vertical and horizontal direction with
regard to the cylinders (a and b); substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. In machines for shearing hides, skins and the like the combination of
cylinders (a and b); of an adjustable comb (c); and of a suitably arranged frame (B)
serving to support the hide, skin or the like during the time it is acted upon by the
comb and the cylinders; substantially as and for the purpose specified.

page_text: 4. The arrangement of the machine for shearing hides, skins and the like as
represented in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawing.
5. The arrangement of the machine for shearing hides skins and the like, as
represented in Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 21st day of January 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.