Improvements in Door and other Hinges.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 12th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Door and other Hinges.
We, TONKS LIMITED, of Moseley Street Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturers, and JOHN EDGAR TONKS Director of Tonks Limited,
aforesaid, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The said invention has for its object the efficient lubrication of the knuckles and
joint pins of door and other hinges.
For this purpose we make in the cylindrical part or side of the joint pin of the
hinge a longitudinal groove the said groove being parallel to the axis of the joint
pin and extending from end to end of the said pin; the said longitudinal groove is
by preference V shape in cross section but we do not limit ourselves to this
sectional figure of the groove nor to the depth of the said groove. The said
side groove in the joint pin forms an oil conduit or passage or receptacle by the
use of which oil is readily supplied to the interior of the knuckles and to the
cylindrical surface of the joint pin of the hinge for lubricating the said knuckles
and pin.
After the two flaps of the hinge have been jointed together by the joint pin the
latter is secured in its place by expanding or riveting its ends as usual. The ends
of the oil conduit, passage or receptacle in the joint pin are by the riveting process
closed but that end of the riveted joint pin which when in use is at the top of the
hinge is drilled with a hole in line with the groove in the said pin so as to form a
feed hole at which oil is supplied from time to time to the oil conduit or passage in
the said pin. The other end of the riveted joint pin is left closed and constitutes
the closed end of the oil conduit or passage.
We make the grooved joint pin preferably by a drawing or rolling process from
solid wire.
The improvements described are especially applicable to washered hinges of the
kind described and claimed in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
Tonks Limited and William Nock dated 22nd March 1894 No. 6027 but they may
also be applied to washered and other hinges of the ordinary kind.
As annular spaces adjacent to the joint pin are left between the abutting washers
of the patented washered hinges referred to, the said annular spaces constitute
small additional oil receptacles supplied by the grooved joint pin and further assist
in the lubrication of the hinge.
In the case of large hinges two parallel longitudinal grooves or oil holders may
be made at opposite points of its cylindrical surface instead of the single groove or
oil holder before described.
Dated this Twenty-first day of December 1805
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Door and other Hinges.
We TONKS LIMITED, of Moseley Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick Manufacturers, and JOHN EDGAR TONKS, Director of Tonks Limited,
aforesaid, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The said invention has for its object the efficient lubrication of the knuckles and
joint pins of door and other hinges.
For this purpose we make in the cylindrical part or side of the joint pin of the
hinge, a longitudinal groove the said groove being parallel to the axis of the joint
pin and extending from end to end of the said pin; the said longitudinal groove
bas by preference a V shape in cross section but we do not limit ourselves to the
sectional figure of the groove nor to the depth of the said groove. The said side
groove in the joint pin forms an oil conduit or passage or receptacle by the use
of which oil is readily supplied to the interior of the knuckles and to the
cylindrical surface of the joint pin of the hinge for lubricating the said knuckles
and pin.
After the two flaps of the hinge have been jointed together by the joint pin the
latter is secured in its place by expanding or riveting its ends as usual. The ends
of the oil conduit, passage or receptacle in the joint pin are by the riveting process
closed but that end of the riveted joint pin which when in use is at the top of the
hinge is drilled with a hole in line with the groove in the said pin so as to form a
feed hole at which oil is supplied from time to time to the oil conduit or passage in
the said pin. The other end of the riveted joint pin is left closed and constitutes
the closed end of the oil conduit or passage. Or both ends of the joint pin may
be left open and closed at pleasure.
We make the grooved joint pin preferably by a drawing or rolling process from
solid wire.
The improvements described are especially applicable to washered hinges of the
kind described and claimed in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
Tonks Limited and William Nock dated 22nd March 1894, No. 6027, but they
may also be applied to washered and other hinges of the ordinary kind.
As annular spaces adjacent to the joint pin are left between the abutting
'washers of the patented washered hinges referred to, the said annular spaces
constitute small additional oil receptacles supplied by the grooved joint pin and
further assist in the lubrication of the hinge.
In the case of large hinges two or more parallel longitudinal grooves or oil
holders may be made in the cylindrical surface instead of the single groove or
oil holder before described.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents, partly in elevation and partly
in section, one of the patented washered hinges hereinbefore referred to, to which
washered hinge the improvements.constituting the present invention are applied;
Figure 2 represents in elevation and plan the joint pin of the said hinge detached.
Figure 3 is a plan of the upper end of the said.hinge and Figure 4 is a plan of the
lower end of the same.
Figure 5 represents a hinge constructed according to another arrangement of the
said invention.
Figures 6 and 7 represent in plan, hinges made according to the said invention
having oil or lubricating channels differing in shape from that shown in Figures 1,
2, 3 and 5.
Figure 8 represents in plan a hinge having two oil or lubricating channels.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawing.

page_text: In providing door and other hinges with the improvements constituting the
present invention, we form the joint pin a from wire having a longitudinal
V shaped groove or channel af in its cylindrical part or side, the said groove
extending from top to bottom. We cut a length of the said grooved wire
somewhat longer than the hinge (see Figure 2) and after engaging the knuckles 61, 61,
c, c, c of the pair of flaps b, c together and passing the joint pin a through the
axial hole in the said knuckles we rivet the bottom end of the said joint pin as is
represented at a' in Figures 1 and 4 and thereby close the channel or groove a² at
the bottom end of the joint pin a. Oil or lubricant introduced into the channel a²
at its upper or feeding end, is thus prevented from escaping at the bottom end of
the hinge.
The top end of the joint pin may be riveted in the way described and represented
with respect to the bottom end, an oil feeding hole being subsequently drilled
from the top of the hinge into the groove or channel a' but we prefer to rivet
the bottom end only as in that case the subsequent drilling of the upper end
of the joint pin is dispensed with.
The oil introduced into the groove or channel a lubricates the cylindrical
surface of the joint pin a as well as the meeting faces of the knuckles of the
hinge. In the case of hinges of the kind represented a small quantity of oil
accumulates and is retained in the annular spaces e, e, e at the junction of adjacent
reels cast in the knuckles, which oil finds its way between the iron or steel wearing
faces provided for the said knuckles.
In Figure 5 riveting of the joint pin a is dispensed with. In this case the
joint pin a is made shorter than usual a small cylindrical plug d being forced in
and made to close the bottom end of the axial hole in the lowermost knuckle
so as to prevent the escape of oil or lubricant from the channel or groove a*.
We do not confine ourselves to the sectional shape or number of grooves or
channels in the joint pin as these may be varied without departing from the nature
of the said invention. For example the channel or groove a² may be semi-circular
as represented in Figure 6 or it may have parallel sides as represented in
Figure 7.
In Figure 8 we have represented a hinge the joint pin a of which has two
grooves a, a but such an arrangement is only necessary in the case of large
hinges.
We have shown in the drawing the joint pins open only at one end, but the
hinges may be sent iuto commerce with both ends of the joint pius left open.
In this case the hinges may be used with both ends of the joint pin open or
one end may be closed when required.
Although we have only represented the said invention in connection with the
patented washered hinges hereinbefore referred to yet we wish it to be understood
that the said invention applicable to door and other hinges of the ordinary kind.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of "Improvements in door and other hinges,"
Forming in the cylindrical part or side of the joint pins of door and other
hinges one or more longitudinal grooves or channels parallel to the axis of the
joint pin and extending from the top of the said joint pin to near the bottom
thereof for permitting of the ready lubrication of the joint pins and knuckles
of the said hinges substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
Dand the Toth dow of August 190
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.