Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CARDS FOR METALLIC BRUSHES AND FOR CARDING, FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Walton, of Haughton Dale Mills, near
the City of Manchester, Card Manufacturer, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CARDS FOR METALLIC BRUSHES
AND FOR CARDING, FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED
THEREIN."
Sealed the 16th October 1857, and dated the 30th April 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Walton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
80th April 1857.
I, FREDERICK WALTON, of Haughton Dale Mills, near the City of
Manchester, Card Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CARDS FOR
METALLIC BRUSHES AND FOR CARDING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MACHINERY
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of wire cards it has hitherto been customary to bend
the piece of wire into the form of a staple in order to produce two points out
of the same piece of wire. Now my Invention consists in cutting pieces of
wiro of the required length and forming thereon at one end a projection to
retain them in the india-rubber or other material through which they are set,

page_text: the object being to allow the wire to be used effectively in every direction, as
in cloth, cattle, and other brushes.
My Invention, of improvements in the machinery for the manufacture of
wire cards, consists in an improved combination of nippers for carrying the
wire shears for cutting off the required length, dies for holding the wire while
struck by a hammer to form the projection or head, and instrument for
forcing the wire into the india-rubber or other material in which it is set, with
the other parts requisite to complete the machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Walton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th October 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
WALTON, of Haughton Dale Mills, near the City of Manchester, Card Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant.unto me, .the
said Frederick Walton, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick Walton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Frederick Walton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF WIRE CARDS FOR METALLIC BRUSHES AND FOR CARDING FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Walton, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Walton, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
In the manufacture of wire cards it has hitherto been customary to bend a
piece of wire into the form of a staple in order to produce two points out of
the same piece of wire. Now my Invention consists in cutting pieces of wiro
of the required length and forming thereon at one end a head or projection to
retain them in the india-rubber or any other suitable material into which they
are set, the object being to allow each wire to move independently of the
others, and to be used effectively in every direction as is required in cloth,
cattle, and other brushes, and in some cases for carding fibrous substances.
My Invention, of improvements in the machinery for the manufacture of
wire cards, consists in a combination of machinery for making the head or
projection above referred to on the wires and for setting them into the fabric
or material.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me, reference
being had to tho accompanying Drawing, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon.
.
Fig. 1 is an end view, Fig. 2 a side view, and Fig. 3 a plan, of my
improvements in machinery employed in the manufacture of wire cards. a is
a blue line, indicating the wire of which the wire cards are to be made; this
wire passes through a guide b, then between the nippers c, by which it is
brought forward when required; d is a holder, under which the wire passes
before it is taken through the bearing de, after passing through which it is cut
off by the shear or instrument e. The nippers c, holder d, and shears & are
actuated by the cams c¹, d', and e³, fixed on the shaft f. The nippers c have
a lateral as well as an opening and closing motion imparted to them by the cam
c, for the purpose of taking hold of, bringing forward, and liberating the wire.
The parts above enumerated are described in the Specification of thọ
machines for making wire cards, for which Letters Patent were granted to
James Walton in One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight. When a
piece of wire has been cut off by the shear e it is taken hold of by the swivel
nippers g, acted upon by the cam g', levers and g³, and shaft g', and is by
them presented to the dies formed by a stationary block and the end of tho
lever i; the piece of wire is pushed into the dies by the instrument h and
securely held while a head or projection is formed thereon by the hammer j,
The lever i and
as in some machines for making pins now known and in use.
the hammer jare actuated by the cans and j' fixed on the shaft k, to
"

page_text: which is also fixed the driving pulley ¹ and the cam 1, for moving the rod
and the instrument h laterally. The instrument h is connected to the rod by
the piece, and it may be used to smooth or point the end of the wire as well
as to push it into the dies i by making the instrument h with a cutter and
imparting rotary motion to it. After the head or projection has been made at
one end of the piece of wire, it is taken hold of by the nipping lever n and is
by it conveyed to trough n', and then pushed into the india-rubber or other
material, marked o, by the pushing instrument p, which is worked by a lever p
and camp on the shaft k. The lever n is worked by the cam n' on the
shaft f. The mode of operation is as follows:-The Drawings represent the
parts in the positions they occupy when the wire a has been brought forward
by the nippers c; the holder d is now holding the wire, and the shear e being
pushed forward by the cam e' cuts off the piece of wire projecting from the
bearing d; the swivel nippers g then deliver the piece of wire to the dies i;
into which it is pushed by the instrument h, which has a lateral motion
imparted to it, as before described. The wire is securely held by the dies i
while the head or projection is formed by the hammer j. As soon as these
operations are performed the nipping lever n conveys the piece of wire abovo
the trough n', as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The nippers are opened
when in this position by the moveable jaw coming against the stud n², thereby
liberating the wire and allowing it to drop in the trough n', from whence it is
forced into the material o, which is guided over the roller o' to the machine.
It will be evident to persons conversant with machinery for making wire cards
that the material o must be moved laterally after every wire has been
inserted, so as to place the wires at the requisito distance apart, and forwards
after a row of wires is set; but as the machinery for this purpose is well
known it does not require to be particularly described. By thus making each
wire with a head or projection, it is evident that the wire cards produced will
be capable of acting effectively in every direction, and that they will be
particularly adapted for making cloth, cattle, and other brushes, and for
carding fibrous substances.
Having thus particularly described the nature of my Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
claim any of the known parts of machinery which I have shown in the
Drawing to illustrate my Invention, but that what I do claim is,-
First, the improved manufacture of wire cards described, in which cach
wire is provided with a head or projection for the purpose of allowing cach
wire when set to move effectively in every direction.

page_text: And, secondly, the combination of machinery shewn and described, or any
modification thereof, for setting my improved wire cards.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Walton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW.
Manchester.
FREDERICK WALTON. (L.S.)