IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING LOOP OR SPOT FABRIOS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, RICHARD BLAKE, of 377 Dalmarnock Road, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, Power Loom Cloth Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention 'for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING LOOP OR SPOT
FABRIOS," to be as follows:-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in looms for weaving loop or spot
fabrics, has for its object to obviate the necessity of weaving in a cord to form the
loop or spot and of subsequently cutting and withdrawing the cords by which
improvements a considerable saving in time and in material is effected in weaving
such fabrics.
The apparatus constituting the Invention consists of a bar carrying a series of
needles or wires whose points are curved or bent to a right or other angle with the
stem. These wires are held in or on the bar by a clamp or by pinching screws or
equivalent means and are capable of being withdrawn at pleasure.
The needle bar has at one end an arm upon it which is connected to the pattern
barrel, pattern chain, card or other indicating part of the loom and by which
connection it is at certain times in the action of the apparatus reciprocated
or moved laterally.
From the under side at or near one or both ends of the needle bar a pin or roller
projects downwards into a race in the bottom of which a spring lever or cam is
centred on a pin or stud. The cam has also a pin or roller projecting from its
under side and working in a curved slot in the bottom of the race.
At certain times in the action of the apparatus the needle bar is so moved that
the pin or roller at its under side travels in the race around the cam or spring lever
the arrangement being such that the motion is always in the same direction.
Underneath the needle bar and parallel therewith a horizontal shaft is situated
the said shaft carrying two vertical levers through the upper ends of which pins
fixed in arms on the ends of the needle bar passea.
Another horizontal lever is also fixed on the said horizontal shaft the said lever
being at its outer end furnished with a roller which rides on the periphery of a
rotating cam and by the action of which the horizontal shaft is at times partially
rotated. This partial rotation through the intervention of the vertical levers
[Price Bd.1

page_text: communicates the motion to the needle bar by which its pin is caused to travel in
the race round the spring lover or can as before mentioned.
To prevent this action except at the proper times a lever having a tooth or
shoulder upon it is employed, the horizontal lever resting on the said shoulder or
tooth whereby it is prevented fron moving downwards at its free end when the
part of the cam of lesser width comes opposite to it. The toothed lover is also
connected to the pattern barrel, pattern chain or card, or other indicating part of
the loom whereby it is at the required intervals withdrawn from under the
horizontal lever thereby permitting the latter lever to drop and perform the
functions hereinbefore mentioned.
By the combined apparatus herein before described the curved or bent end of the
needle or wire is caused to form the loop or spot and retain it in position until the
"whip end" that is to say, the thread composing the loop is, in the act of weaving,
fixed in the fabric after which the needle recedes out of the loop and remains
inoperative until, according to the pattern, it is necessary to form another loop or
spot. The ordinary process of cording the loop or spot is thus dispensed with and
a considerable saving in time and material is effected.

page_text: COMI DUTE DI DUIFICATION.
I, RICHARD BLAKE of 377 Dalmarnock Road, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark Power Loom Cloth Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for 'IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING LOOP OR SPOT
FABRICS," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving loop or spot fabrics
and it has for its object to obviate the necessity of weaving in cords in forming
the loops or spots and of subsequently cutting and withdrawing the cords by which
improvements considerable saving in time and in material is effected.
The apparatus constituting the invention is illustrated in front elevation at
figure 1, in plan at figure 2, and in end elevation (looking from X, figures 1 and 2)
at figure 3, of the appended drawings, figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, being details
hereinafter more particularly referred to.
The mechanism consists of a bar a, carrying a series of needles or wires b,
whose points are bent or curved to a right angle with the stems.
The bar (seen in detailed cross section and on a larger scale at figure 4) is made
with a series of indentations on the front part and throughout its length into each
of which or into as many of them as may be required the tail end of a needle is
inserted the whole of the said needles being held in position by a plate c, clamped
to the bar a, by screws d, or equivalent means. Any desired needle or number of
needles may be withdrawn at pleasure and the spaces between them regulated
according to the width or distance between the spots by slacking the screw or
screws d.
The bar a, is connected by a length e, of wire, or cord to one arm of a bell
crank lever f, centred on a pin carried in a bracket cast on or secured to the end
frame g, of the loom the other arm of the said crank being so attached by a cord h,
to a lever operated by the pattern barrel, pattern chain or other regulating or
indicating part of the loom as at certain times in the action of the apparatus to
reciprocate or move the bar a, laterally in the direction of the full arrow figure 2,.
The extent of this lateral movement is preferably regulated by an adjustable stop
plate h', (seen on a larger scale at fig 5) which plate has a slotted hole through it
a screw i, passing through the said hole into the bar a, and when tightened up
securing the bar and plate together. The end of the plate h', when in the position
shown at figures 2, and 5, abuts against a bracket j, bolted to the front frame k, of
the loom and according to the adjusted position of the screw i, in the slot of
the plate h, the sideward movement before referred to of the bar a, is greater
or less.
From the under side of that end of the bar a, which has the plate h¹, in
conjunction with it, a pin or roller l, projects downwards to a race m, formed on or
secured to the under side of the bracket j, which bracket and also its neighbour at
the opposite end of the bar a, has as seen at figure 3, and in the larger detailed
view figure 6, a slot in it to permit of the movements of the needle bar,

page_text: On the race m, a tongue, cain, or trigger piece n, is centred at one of its ends on
a pin o, and a slot or hole 2, is cut in the race through which a pin r, fixed in the
under side of the tongue n, projects, an endless india rubber band r², or equivalent
spring, being passed round the said pin and also round a pin 7, fixed in and
projecting downwards from tho under side of the race.
The tendency of the said band or spring is always to draw the tongue or
trigger n, to the right.
When the adjustable stop plate 7, is employed the race m, is preferably a flat
plate but the said stop plate 1, may be dispensed with and the race made with a.
raised or projecting part as at h, figures 7, and 8, the said part acting as the stop
by the pin or roller L, coming in contact with it.
Underneath the needle bar a, and parallel to it a horizontal shaft A, is situated.
the said shaft carrying two vertical levers B, through slots formed in the upper
ends of which pins s, fixed in tail pieces s, projecting from the needle bar pass.
Another and horizontal lover is also fixed on the shaft A, which lover inay either
bo in one piece or preferably as seen at fig 3, in two pieces C, O, jointed together
by a pin t, and having at the joint each a downwardly projecting jaw t, these jaws
being connected by a spring, the object of which is to draw the jaws t, together
until their parts u, are in contact. The outer end of the part 0, of the lever is
furnished with a roller D, which rides on the periphery of a cam E, fixed on the
picking wyper shaft F, of the loom and by the action of which cam (when its
ivider part comes under the roller 1) the horizontal shaft A, is partially rotated
in one direction; a like partial rotation in the opposite direction Being imparted
by the spring G, connected to the lever C, and to the floor or to a fixed part of
the machine the said spring being distended when the wider part of the cam
acts on the lover or instead of using a spring the part C, of the lever may be
weighted.
To prevent the lever C, O, dropping from the position to which it is raised by
the cam E, excepting at the proper times in the action of the apparatus a catch H,
hung at its upper end from a brackot I, secured to the back frame of the loom is
employed. This catch has a shoulder made on it as seen at v, figure 9, on which
the part C, of the lover rests and at its lower extremity the catch is connected by
a cord w, to a lever or its equivalent operated to withdraw the catch by the pattern
barrel or other pattern mechanism of the loom. A spring or length of elastic
band, is also connected to the lower end of the catch H, and extended in a
direction opposite to the cord w, for the purpose of moving the catch back into
position under the lever C, C', after it has been so withdrawn.
The action of the apparatus constituting the invention is as follows:-
When the wider part of the cam E, has passed from under the roller D; and the
shoulder of the catch II, has been withdrawn from under the lever C, the free end
of the lever drops or is pulled down by the spring G, which has the effect of
partially rotating the shaft A, in the direction of the full arrow figure 3,. This
moveinent of the shaft A, through the levers B, communicates a motion to the
needle bar a, in the direction of the dotted arrow figure 2, thereby throwing the
neodles forward into position to whip the thread by which the spot or loop is to be
formed. During this movement the piu or roller 1, bears on the right side of the
cam, tongue, or trigger n.
When the roller has reached the point of the said tongue or trigger the wider
part of the cam E, again coming under the roller D, the free end of the lever C, C,
is raised which has the effect of partially rotating the shaft A, in the direction
of the dotted arrow figure 3, and the left hand side of the tongue or trigger n
boing inclined or bevelled as indicated at figures 2, and 5, the roller L, in
riding over the said side causes the bar a, and needles b, to travel to the left and
whip up loops of thread.
This being done the bar a, under the continued action of the cam E; moves.
rearwards drawing the loops through the fabric. When theso loops have in the

page_text: weaving been fixed in the fabric the bell-crank lever f, comes into operation and
draws the needle bar a, to the right thereby freeing the needles from the loops and
placing the bar in position for commencing another series of movements when the
catch H, is again released. It will be seen that in the event of the needle bar a,
from any cause whatever failing to act when the wider part of the cam E, comes
opposite the roller D, the spring t, will yield and thereby prevent damage to the
apparatus by permitting the parts C, C³, of the lever to turn on the pin t, by
which they are connected.
The apparatus as illustrated on the drawings is arranged for a left hand loom,
that is to say, the needles b, in whipping the thread to form the spots move to the
left but it is obvious that the apparatus may equally well be arranged to work to
the right at such times, the points of the needles b, in that case being turned the
opposite way and the race m, with its complement of mechanism placed at the
other bracket j.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First In a loom for weaving spot or loop fabrics the general combination of
apparatus hereinbefore described for forming the loop or spot and whereby the use
of cords for that purpose is dispensed with.
Second-In a loom for weaving loop or spot fabrics a bar carrying a variable or
adjustable number of bent needles or wires, said bar being operated from the
pattern mechanism and from the picking wyper shaft of the loom as and for the
purpose set forth.
Third-In a weaving loom the combination of the needle bar a, levers B, C C¹,
cam E, and catch H, as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth In a weaving loom the combination of the needle bar a, race m, and
tongue, cam, or trigger n, as and for the purpose set forth.
Looor Com 10
Eignin day
STITA NORT
GEO. M. CRUIKSHANK, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
135, Buchanan St., Glasgow,
Agent.