Apparatus.
Year: 1898

page_text: Apparatus.
I, GEORGE WILLIAM ELLIOTT, of The Elms, Coal Aston, Dronfield, in the County
of Derby, Mining Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus adapted for crushing and breaking up a
great variety of materials such as bones, shells, minerals and the like substances,
required in agriculture or commerce, to any required size without skilled
attention; the work being effected either by hand labour for the smaller sizes,
or by mechanical power for the heavier class of apparatus.
The principal objects are, to greatly reduce the first cost, and by means of
simpler forms of the operating parts, easily changed, to considerably extend their
field of usefulness.
To attain these objects, I make the case or framework of one casting, preferably
cylindrical, and form or cast internally a flange or rim to receive a cup or box
shaped lining having a conical or concave bottom, from the centre of which
extends upward a spindle or guide upon which a pestle or species of stamp head
moves freely, the lower or working part of this head is formed into a series of
toothed or ribbed cutting faces decreasing in size from the top downward towards
the centre; in like manner the lining instead of being smooth as usual has
similar projections or grooves formed around a portion of its sides and converging
to the centre of bottom: with close bottom liners I form at intervals in the
grooves a number of holes through which the material may pass freely away as
fast as it is sufficiently reduced in size and falls into a lower compartment formed
in the base of the framing: the projecting teeth or ribs of both parts are chilled
or hardened to render them more effective and durable, such parts are made in
series for interchanging to suit different grades or requirements.
In the small sizes the pestle may be operated by hand the action may be assisted
by the use of a spring; for the heavier kinds the necessary movement may be
obtained by the use of cams cranks or other equivalent means as is well understood.
When operating upon soft or sticky materials I may cause the pestle, when
near the top of its lift, to come into contact with devices carried by a cross bar,
which bar also operates as a guide or stay for the central spindle, whereby any
adhering materials will be detached and clogging of the teeth be prevented.
Dated this 21st day of March 1898.
ISAAC BECK, F.S.P.A.,
Agent for the Applicant,
Haymarket Chambers, 17, Haymarket, Sheffield.
ISAAC BECK, F.S.P.A.,
Agent for the Applicant,
Haymarket Chambers, 17, Haymarket, Sheffield.

page_text: Improvements in Crushing and Disintegrating Apparatus.
We, MARY ELLIOTT, of The Elms, Coal Aston, Dronfield, Widow, and ALFRED
GEORGE ELLIOTT, also of The Elms aforesaid, Engineer, and ARTHUR FRY, of
367, Chesterfield Road, Norton Woodseats, Sheffield, Dentist, being the Executors
named in the will of George William Elliott, deceased, late of The Elms, Coal
Aston, Dronfield, Derbyshire, Mining and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to apparatus adapted for crushing and breaking up a
great variety of materials such as bones shells minerals and the like substances |
required in agriculture or commerce to any required size without skilled attention,
the work being effected either by hand labour for the smaller sizes or by
mechanical power for the heavier class of apparatus. The principal objects are
to greatly reduce first cost and by means of easily changed forms to extend their
usefulness.
The general construction will be more readily understood by reference to the
examples illustrated by the accompanying drawings; wherein Fig. 1, is an
elevation, partly in section, of a small apparatus having a removable dish bottom.
Fig. 2, being a top view of the pestle head. Fig. 3, being a similar view of the
bottom detached. Fig. 4, is an elevation, also partly in section, of a larger
apparatus with guide stay and cover. Figs. 5 and 6 being top views of pestle
head and of dished bottom respectively.
The principal parts are a metal frame A, Fig. 1, or B, Fig. 4, operating as a
base or support, also serving as a receptacle for the crushed material, a door D,
may be fitted to one side for the withdrawal of material or an opening may be 2
formed in the bottom when by means of spouts or conveyors finished material
may be continuously carried away. In any convenient position a flange or rim
F is cast or fixed internally to receive a lining or bottom such as E Fig. 1 or G
Fig. 4, said bottom may be of box, cup, or conical shape but having a concave
inner upper surface from the centre of which extends upward a spindle II, acting 3
as guide for a species of pestle or stamp head I, capable of moving freely thereon
in a vertical direction by means of an extension or sleeve J, which may terminate
with an handle K for manual use. or by a connection to any form of trip
mechanical power motion as is well understood if desired. The lower half of the
head I, is formed of a series of toothed or ribbed cutting or plain facts or projec- 3
tions L, different arrangements of which are shown by Figs. 2 and 5, the said
forms are however capable of further variations to better meet requirements
arising out of the diverse materials to be crushed.
In like manner the concave linings E or G have only a part of their surface
left smooth, projecting ribs M or knobs N are formed at intervals converging 4
toward centre of the bottom; that the material may pass freely away as fast as it
is reduced to size a series of holes O, of the required dimensions are formed
through the bottom E or G whereby such material falls into the lower compart-
ment or receptacle provided in A or B respectively. Grooves may be substituted
for some of the ribs M leaving more smooth surfaces thus increasing the quantity 4
of finer material.
The abrading surfaces of both the stamp head I and of the bottom E or G may
be chilled or hardened to render them more effective and durable, while the said
parts by being made interchangable in varied series are readily used in a common
case as A or B respectively to suit different grades or requirements.

page_text: A cover P, Fig. 4 is secured across the top of the vessel G operating at S as a
stay or guide for the sleeve J, and one or more openings may be left therein for
the introduction of the rough material as Q covered by an hinged or sliding lid R.
While when operating upon soft or sticky materials, brushes or other devices
(not shown) may be fixed under said cover or equivalent cross-bar whereby any
adhering material may be detached from the pestle when near the top of its lift
to prevent the clogging of the teeth L which might otherwise take place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is;-
1st. In crushing and disintegrating apparatus operating by impact, the forma-
tion and use of a pestle or stamp head having a series of toothed or ribbed faces
steps or points with or without smooth portions operating on or within a suitable
concave bottom and moving vertically upon a guide spindle fixed and carried in
centre of said bottom, substantially as described.
2nd. In crushing and disintegrating apparatus operating by impact, the forma-
tion and use of a removable concave bottom supported by a casing or framing for
interchanging, the inner face of the said bottom being provided at intervals with
ribs knobs or grooves to assist in breaking the material operated upon, also having
a series of holes through the metal of bottom to allow the graded stuff to pass
freely away, and a larger central opening in which is fixed a guide spindle for
pestle, ali substantially as described and for the purposes set forth.
3rd. In crushing and disintegrating apparatus operating by impact, the com-
bination and use of a ribbed pestle a concave ribbed and perforated bottom with
a central guide spindle, all substantially as described and illustrated.
1000
T
www
ISAAC BECK, F.S.P.A.,
Agent for the Applicants,
Haymarket Chambers, 17, Haymarket, Sheffield.