IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINTS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING AND PRESERVING METALLIC AND OTHER SUBSTANCES FROM OXIDATION AND DECAY
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Nurthall Brown, of Handsworth, in the County
of Stafford, Gentleman, and Thomas Deykin Clare, of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Mineral Merchant, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINTS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING AND PRESERVING
METALLIC AND OTHER SUBSTANCES FROM OXIDATION AND DECAY."
Sealed the 20th October 1865, and dated the 25th April 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Nurthall Brown and
Thomas Deykin Clare at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 25th April 1865.
We, JOHN NURTHALL BROWN, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford,
Gentleman, and THOMAS DEYKIN CLARE, of Birminghhm, in the County of
Warwick, Mineral Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINTS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING AND
PRESERVING METALLIC AND OTHER SUBSTANCES FROM OXIDATION AND DECAY," to be
as follows:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, in the preparation of paints or compositions
for coating and preserving metallic and other substances from ilmenite and
certain other compound ores of titanium and iron.

page_text: In carrying into effect the first part of our Invention we grind or other-
wise reduce ilmenite or titanium ore to powder, and levigate it, so as to
obtain as fine and impalpable a powder as possible. We carefully dry this
powder and mix it with linseed oil or any of the fixed drying oils, or volatile
oils or varnishes, which are or may be employed to mix with pigments, so as
to produce paints. We thus produce a semi-liquid compound which when
about to be used we dilute or make thin by the addition of a further quantity
of oil or other diluent or vehicle. With the paint or composition thus made
sufficiently liquid we paint or cover the things which we wish to preserve,
which painting or coating we effect either by immersion or by means of
brushes or in any other convenient way. The coating may be repeated
several times where the coated surface is to be much exposed.
The mineral ilmenite which we prefer to employ in carrying this part of
our Invention into effect is found in large quantity in Norway and elsewhere,
and is a compound consisting essentially of titanium and iron, and contains
about 40 per cent. of titanic acid; but other ores of titanium and iron con-
taining, not less than 10 per cent. of titanic acid (excepting the ores called
titanic iron sand which we do not employ) may be used in place of ilmenite
in carrying our Invention into effect.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in preparing paints or compositions for
coating and preserving metallic and other substances in the following manner:
-We take a mixture of ilmenite and graphite and grind or reduce them to
powder, and levigate them together, and we make the mixture into a paint in
a manner similar to that described with respect to ilmenite paint. We do not
limit ourselves to any proportion of the ilmenite and graphite, but we have
found in practice that equal quantities answer very well. Instead of ilmenite
other ores of titanium (excepting titanic iron sand) containing not less than
10 per cent. of titanic acid may be employed in admixture with graphite.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Nurthall Brown and Thomas Deykin Clare in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th October 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Joun
NURTHALL BROWN, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Gentleman,
and THOMAS DEYKIN CLARE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Mineral Merchant, send greeting..

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her Heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said John Nurthall Brown and Thomas Deykin Clare, Her special
licence that we, the said John Nurtball Brown and Thomas Deykin Clare,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Nurthall Brown and Thomas Deykin Clare, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINTS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING AND
PRESERVING METALLIC AND OTHER SUBSTANCES FROM OXIDATION AND DECAY,"
upon the condition (amongst others), that we, the said John Nurthall
Brown and Thomas Deykin Clare, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Nurthall Brown, on behalf of
myself and the said Thomas Deykin Clare, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists, firstly, in the preparation of paints or compositions
for coating and preserving metallic and other substances from ilmenite and
certain other compound ores of titanium and iron.
In carrying into effect the first part of our Invention we grind or other-
wise reduce ilmenite or titanium ore to powder and levigate it so as to obtain
as fine and impalpable a powder as possible. We carefully dry this powder
and mix it with linseed oil or any of the fixed drying oils or volatile oils or
varnishes which are or may be employed to mix with piginents so as to pro-
duce paints. We thus produce a semi-liquid compound which when about to
be used we dilute or make thin by the addition of a further quantity of oil or
other diluent or vehicle. With the paint or composition thus made sufficiently

page_text: any
liquid we paint or cover the things which we wish to preserve, which painting
or coating we effect either by immersion or by means of brushes or in other
convenient way. The coating may be repeated several times where the coated
surface is to be much exposed.
The mineral ilmenite which we prefer to employ in carrying this part of our
Invention into effect is found in large quantity in Norway and elsewhere, and
is a compound consisting essentially of titanium and iron, and contains about
40 per cent. of titanic acid. But other ores of titanium and iron containing
not less than 10 per cent of titanic acid (excepting the ores called titanic iron
sand which we do not employ) may be used in place of ilmenite in carrying
our Invention into effect.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in preparing paints or compositions for
coating and preserving metallic and other substances in the following manner:
-We take a mixture of ilmenite and graphite and grind or reduce them
to powder and levigate them together, and we make the mixture into a paint
in a manner similar to that described with respect to ilmenite paint. We do
not limit ourselves to any proportion of the ilmenite and graphite, but we
have found in practice that equal quantities answer very well. Instead of
ilmenite other ores of titanium (excepting titanic iron sand) containing not
less than teu per cent. of titanic acid may be employed in admixture with
graphite.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described, as the same may be
varied without departing from the nature of our Invention; but we claim as
our Invention,-
Firstly, the improvements in the preparation of paints or compositions for
coating and preserving metallic and other substances herein-before described,
that is to say, preparing the said paints or compositions by the use of
powdered ilmenite, or the other ores of titanium and iron, herein described as
being used for the purposes of our Invention, mixed with drying oils or other
oils or varnishes which are or may be employed to mix with pigments for the
production of paints.
Secondly, the improvements in the preparation of paints or compositions
for coating and preserving metallic and other substances herein-before des-
cribed, that is to say, preparing the said paints or compositions by the use of
a mixture of powdered ilmenite or the other ores of titanium and iron, herein
described as being used for the purposes of our Invention, and graphite mixed

page_text: with drying oils or other oils or varnishes which are or may be employed to
mix with pigments for the production of paints.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Nurthall Brown, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
GEORGE HENRY OSBORNE.
JOHN NURTHALL BROWN. (L.S.)