A NEW OR IMPROVED HYDRO- CARBON BURNER FOR LAMPS OR STOVES
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
J, CHARLES BARTON, of Brandon, in the County of Warwick, Gentleman, do
horeby declare the nature of my invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED HYDRO-
CARBON BURNER FOR LAMPS OR STOVES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object the doing away with the usual cotton wick
used in lamps or stoves for burning hydrocarbons and thereby dispensing with the
expense, trouble, and danger incident on the use of such wicks, which have to be
frequently trimmed, and, soon burning out, require renewing.
According to my invention I manufacture a burner composed of carbon, charcoal,
pumice-stone, plaster of Paris, sand, or like lasting and porous substance or cotton,
sponge, or asbestos or like suitable fibrous substance, as follows:
I use a glass, porcelain or like tube being a more or less bad conductor of heat
which is not likely to become unduly heated so as to "flash" the oil, and through
it place a small concentric tube or tubes, moveable if desired.
Between the tube or tubes enclosed by the outer tube I place the materials
before described, separately, or any of them or all of them in combination, and
I find that plaster of Paris gives me good results.
The edge of the outer tube is flattened or bent and dished to form a suitable
burner and allow the vapour to form and direct the shape of the flame.
In the smaller tube I place a short wick projecting below the edge of the burner
and serving to produce and ignite the oily vapour which, saturating through the.
plaster of Paris or other porous material in the outer tube, rises upwards.
The flame of the lamp or stove burns for a considerable period while supplied
with oil, the oil being drawn up to the point of combustion and there vaporized
and burnt as gas, instead of being burnt with a consuming wick as usua!.
I form the tube of such a length as to reach or nearly reach the bottom of the
reservoir, to ensure the combustion of the oil or spirit therein.
Burners made according to my invention are safer and do not smoke as the
usual cotton or like wicks do, they also assist in and secure a more perfect
combustion of the oil or spirit and ensure a less consumption thereof and con-
sequently afford greater facilities for keeping lamps or stoves clean and in order.
It will be apparent that two of my burners might be combined for a so called
duplex" lamp, or any number combined for a lamp or stove.
And in order that my invention may be understood and carried into practical
effect I have annexed to this specification the accompanying sheet of drawings,
and now refer to the figures and letters of reference thereon indicated.
Fig. 1 represents an elevation of my burner.
Fig. 2 a plan of same.
Fig. 3 a vertical section of same.

page_text: A represents a tube of glass, porcelain, or other vitreous or like bad heat-
conducting material. In this tube I place a sinuller tubo C (or two or more small
tubes if desired, though 1 find one answers the purpose). Between these tubes
I fill in the porous material or combination of porous materials B before referred to.
I find that plaster of Paris has given me excellent results in practice:
may so fill this in as to keep the inner tube Ca fixture or I may advantageously
provide means for raising or lowering the same or I can make the tubo simply
slip in and out of the hole in the plaster of Paris or other suitable porous material
or combination of porous materials.
n
The inner tube (or tubes) C is fitted with a small wick D or I may fit a wick
or wax taper in a hole in the porous material without employing an inner tube of
glass, porcelain or other substance.
The top of the tube A is dished and flattened so as to form a small recess on
each side of the small tube C and above the porous material B. This leaves a
space for the generation of the oily vapour, caused by the small wick D when first
lighted henting the flattened walls of the top of the tube A.
The height of the porous material and of the small tube C above the top of the
plaster or like porous material B may be varied as required. Fig. 4 shows it
raised clearly above it. Fig. 3 shews it nearly flush therewith. These views
show the top of the plaster or other material differently moulded or formned.
The small wick appears (in practice) not to consume when the burner is fairly
nlight. It appears to burn down to the edge of the small tube and by this time
the flattened walls of the top of the tube A are well heated and also the top-of the
plaster or like porous substance, so that the oil rising through the porous material
is vaporized and burnt ns before described.
I have, not shewn the necessary connection or cap for connecting the burner
with its reservoir as this depends on the variety of lamp or stove used, as will bo
well understood.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood I am well aware that
it has been proposed to construct stoves to vaporize hydrocarbons and burn the
vapour and I make no claim broadly to this principle, but what I claim as my
invention is:
'
Firstly, a burner for lainps or stoves consisting of an outer vitreous or like tube,
a smaller inner igniting wick tube or tubes and a plaster of Paris or other suitable
porous packing or filling between the tubes as, and for the purposes, described.
Secondly, in a hydrocarbon buiner for lamps or stoves as before described the
flattening and forming of the top of the outer tube to form the vaporizing and
ignition chamber as, and for the purposen, described.
Thirdly, the use in a hydrocarbon burner of an independent wick to hent a
plaster of Paris or like porous material to vaporize and ignite oil rising up or
saturating the saine as described.
Dated this 26th day of Sontember 188.1

page_text: Ì CHARLES BARTON of Brandon in the county of Warwick Gentleman seek.
leave to amend the specification of Letters Patent, No. 12,822 of 1884, as shown
in red ink in the copy of the original specification hereunto annexed-
"
"
2..2
"
15
In line 9 after the full stop following the word "renewing" inserting the
following sentences, "Many attempts have been heretofore made to attain this
object, and for this purpose burners have been made of the substances herein-
after mentioned both alone and in combination, but with indifferent success.
By my invention I attain the desired object in a simple and efficient manner.
Hydrocarbon burners of this class made according to my invention do not smoke
as the usual cotton or like wicks do and they also secure a more perfect combus-
"tion of the oil or spirit and ensure a less consumption thereof and afford greater
* facilities for keeping lamps or stoves clean and in order." Also in line 15 by
inserting after the full stop following the word "desired" the following sentence
"The inner tube or tubes are preferably of a like vitreous material but a tube of
" metal so thin as not to conduct an excessive amount of heat to the reservoir
"beneath may be used."
Also in line 17 by striking out the words "any of them or all of them" and also
by substituting a full stop for the comma after the word "combination," and by
inserting after the word "combination" the words' as hereinafter described and
"illustrated by the annexed drawings" and also by striking out the word "and"
at the end of the line.
Also in line 22 by inserting after the word "ignite" the words "in the first
"instance."
Also in line 23 by inserting after the full stop following the word. " upwards"
the following sentences
"Without the use of an auxiliary wick the operation of lighting a porous incom-
"bustible burner is slow and troublesome, as the oil does not rise freely until the
top of the burner is to some extent heated. A similar end has been effected
or
Die 671

page_text: " heretofore in lamps of an anslagous description by means of an external auxiliary
"wick.
But an external wick possesses many disadvantages and is besides
"unsuitable for a burner such as is herein before described. theroforo confine
myself to the use of an internal igniting wick, which is more compact and
"effective than an external wick.”
•
Also in lines 29 to 32 inclusive by striking out the paragraph from the first
word "Burners" to the last word "order."
Also in pago 2
In line 4 by inserting after the full stop at the end thereof the following
.sontences
31.
48
"A single material may be used for the filling in or packing of the tube A,
"such as carbon, charcoal, pumice stone, plaster of Paris, sand, or asbestos, or like
lasting porous or fibrous substances. Or any suitable combination of such
"substances may be used. Cotton or sponge or like suitable fibrous substances
"of a perishable nature may also be used in combination with such other sub-
"stances as are above referred to, but not in such a manner as to expose such
perishable substances to undue lieat from the flame. For instance, the upper
portion or layer of the packing may be of some or one of the lasting porous or
"fibrous substances above referred to and the remainder of the packing may be
of cotton and sponge and like suitable fibrous substances of a perishable nature,
"used separately or in combination, or in combination with the other substances
"above referred to. Such combinations of such materials to form indestructiblo
"burners are already known and used, and any such suitable combination of such
"materials may be used for the packing of my tube."
"
"
Also in line 5 after the word "Paris" by inserting the word "alone."
Also in line 31 after the word "stoves" by inserting the words "and lamps with
"incombustible porous burners."
Also in line 34 before the word "burner" by inserting the word "hydro-
"carbon."
Also in line 40 after the word "burner" by inserting tho words "such as is
* herein before described," and also.after the word "independent" by inserting the
word "internal."
My reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-
I have discovered certain prior arrangements having the same object as that of
my invention and some minor elements in common therewith and I am advised
that it is desirable to make the foregoing amendments with the object of-excluding
such a construction as might bring such matters within the scope of my claims
and of explaining more clearly the matters which are the subject of the amend-
ment and of limiting my claims in the manner by the proposed amendment
appearing.
Dated this 17th day of February, 1000..

page_text: In the matter of an application by Charles Barton for leave to amend the Speci-
fication relating to his Letters Patent No 12,822 dated the 26th September.
1884.
.KCI
I hereby grant leave to the said Charles Barton to amend the Specification
in the manner proposed.
Dated this 9th day of May 1885.-
H. READER, LACK,
Comptroller General.
"

page_text: 84 64
JN
:
AMENDED SPECIFICATION.
I, CHARLES BARTON, of Brandon, in the County of Warwick, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED HYDRO-
CARBON BURNER FOR LAMPS OR STOVES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
7
This invention has for its object the doing away with the usual cotton wick
used in lamps or stoves for, burning hydrocarbons and thereby dispensing with the
expense, trouble, and danger incident on the use of such wicks, which have to be
frequently triminod, and, soon burning out, require renewing. Many attempts
have been heretofore made to attain this object, and for this purpose burners have
been maule of the substances hereinafter mentioned both alone and in combination,
but with indifferent success. By my invention I attain the desired object in a
simple and efficient manner. Hydro carbon burners of this class made according
to my invention do not smoke as the usual cotton or like wicks do, and they also.
secure a more perfect combustion of the oil or spirit and ensure a less consumption
thereof and afford greater facilities for keeping lamps or stoves clean and in
order.
According to my invention I manufacture a burner composed of carbon, charcoal,
pumice-stone, plaster of Paris, sand, or like lasting and porous substance or cotton,
sponge, or asbestos or like suitable fibrous substance, as follows:
1. use a glass, porcelain or like tube being a more or less bad conductor of heat
which is not likely to become unduly heated so as to "flash" the oil, and through
it place a small concentric tube or tubes, moveable if desired. The inner tube or
tubes are preferably of a like vitreous material but a tube of metal, so thin as not
to conduct any excessive amount of heat to the reservoir beneath may be used.
Between the tube or tubes enclosed by the outer tube I place the matorials
before described, separately, or any of them or all of them in combination. and
As hereinafter described and illustrated by the annexed drawings I find that
pluster of Paris gives ino good results.
The edge of the outer tube is flattened or bent and dished to form a suitable
burner and allow the vapour to form and direct the shape of the flame.
In the smaller tube I place a short wick projecting below the edge of the burner
and serving to produce and ignite in the first instance the oily vapour which,
Baturating through the plaster of Paris or other porous material in the outer tube,
rises upwards. Without the use of an auxiliary wick the operation of lighting a
porous incombustible burner is slow and troublesome as the oil does not rise freely
until the top of the burner is to some extent heated. A similar end has been
effected heretofore in lamps of un analogous description by means of an external
auxiliary wick. But an external wick possesses many disadvantages and is
besides unsuitable for a burner such as is hereinbefore described. I therefore
confine myself to the use of an internal igniting wick which is more compact
and effective than an external wick.

page_text: CACH CALVI
reservoir, to ensure the combustion of the oil or spirit therein.
Burners made according to my invention are safer and do not smoke as the
usual--cotton--or like wicks de, they also assist in and secure--a--more--perfect
combustion of the oil or spirit and ensure a less consumption thereof and con-
sequently-afford greater facilities for keeping lamps or stoves clean-and-in-order.
It will be apparent that two of my burners might be combined for a so called
duplex" lamp, or any number combined for a lamp or stove.
61
And in order that my invention may be understood and carried into practical
effect I have annexed to this specification the accompanying sheet of drawings,
and now refer to the figures and letters of reference thereon indicated.
Fig. 1 represents an elevation of my burner.
Fig. 2 a plan of same.
Fig. 3 a vertical section of same.
Fig. 4 a vertical section of the top, the details being slightly varied.
A represents a tube of glass, porcelain, or other vitreous or like bad heat-
conducting material. In this tube I place a smaller tube C (or two or more small
tubes if desired, though I find one answers the purpose). Between these tubes
I fill in the porous material or combination of porous materials B before referred to.
A single material may be used for the filling in or packing of the tube A such
as carbon, charcoal, pumice-stone, plaster of Paris, sand or asbestos or like lasting
porous or fibrous substances. Or any suitable combination of such substances
may be used.
Cotton or sponge or like suitable fibrous substances of a perishable nature may
also be used in combination with such other substances as are above referred to,
but not in such a manner as to expose such perishable substances to undue heat
from the flame.
For instance, the upper portion or layer of the packing may be of some or one
of the lasting porous or fibrous substances above referred to and the remainder of
the packing may be of cotton and sponge and like suitable fibrous substances of a
perishable nature, used separately or in combination or in combination with the
other substances above referred to. Such combinations of such materials to form
indestructible burners are already known and used, and any such suitable
combination of such materials may be used for the pucking of my tube.
I find that plaster of Paris alone has given me excellent results in practice.
I may so fill this in as to keep the inner tube C a fixture or I may advantageously
provide means for raising or lowering the same or I can make the tube simply
slip in and out of the hole in the plaster of Paris or other suitable porous material
or combination of porous materials.
The inner tube (or tubes) C is fitted with a small wick D or I may fit a wick
or wax taper in a hole in the porous material without employing an inner tube of
glass, porcelain or other substance.
The top of the tube A is dished and flattened so as to form a small recess on
cach side of the small tube C and above the porous material B. This leaves a
space for the generation of the oily vapour, caused by the small wick D when first
lighted heating the flattened walls of the top of the tube A.
The height of the porous material and of the small tube C above the top of the
plaster or like porous material B may be varied as required. Fig. 4 shews it
raised clearly above it. Fig. 3 shews it nearly flush therewith. These views
shew the top of the plaster or other material differently moulded or formed.
The small wick appears (in practice) not to consume when the burner is fairly
alight. It appears to burn down to the edge of the small tube and by this time
the flattened walls of the top of the tube A are well heated and also the top of the

page_text: plaster or like porous substanco, so thunt the oil rising through the porous material
is vaporized and burnt as before described.
I have not shewn' the necessary connection or cap for connecting the burner
with its reservoir this depends on the variety of lamp or stove used, as will "bò
well understood.
.t
1
་
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood I am well aware' that
it has been proposed to construct stoves and lamps with incombustible porous
burnors to vaporize hydrocarbons and burn the vapour and I make no claim
broadly to this principle, but what I claim as my invention is
Firstly, a hydrocarbon burner for lamps or stoves consisting of an outer vitreous
or like tube, a smaller inner igniting wick tube or tubes and a plaster of Paris or
other suitable porous'packing or filling between the tubes as, and for the purposes,
described.
די
'
I
I
Secondly, in a hydrocarbon burner for lamps or stoves as beforo described the
flattening and forming of the top of the outer tube to form the vaporizing and
ignition chamber as, and for the purposes, described.
"
Thirdly, the use in a hydrocarbon burner such as in hereinbefore described of an
independent internal wick to heat a plaster of Paris or like porous inaterial to
vaporize and ignite oil rising up or saturating the same as described.
וי