Improvements in Barrel Making Machinery.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st May, 1894-Accepted, 2nd June, 1894.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Barrel Making Machinery.
A communication from THE VALE BARREL MACHINE COMPANY, LIMITED, of
Hamilton, Canada.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323, High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The invention relates to that class of barrel making machines in which the
staves of which the barrel is to be formed are fed into the machine between a
revolving collapsible former and outer forming rings composed of movable half
rings or segments.
The object of the present invention is to produce a machine capable of making
tight barrels, and it consists, essentially-in the general arrangement of the machine
and more particularly-
1st. In the construction and method of collapsing the barrel-former which gives
great accuracy of form and rigidity to the parts when the barrel is being formed
thereon;
2nd. In the use of bearings on the rocking frame for the barrel-former spindle,
which bearings are closed by hinged caps. This construction tends to give the
barrel former that rigidity of support which is so necessary when barrels to contain
liquids are being made;
3rd. In the use of a curved piece to guide the barrel-former spindle properly
into its bearing on the rocking frame;
4th. In the use of two cutter spindles, cutter heads and bearings at each end of
the barrel by means of which the work of equalizing, chamfering, hollowing and
crozing may be done much more accurately and efficiently than by the use of a
single cutter head;
}
5th. In the use of a pivoted frame carrying idler pulleys to tighten the cutter
belts;
;
6th.. In the use of a third pair of half rings which prevent unequal bulging of
the staves when being bent round the barrel former;
7th. In the, use of stops to level the staves before reaching the cutter heads
and the connection of these stops with the upper stops so that they may be
operated from the same rod;
".
8th. In the use of pivoted lock pieces on the end half rings which, when open,
admit of the introduction of the staves, and when the staves are inserted, may be
turned so as to hold the staves in position while the equalizing, chamfering,
hollowing and crozing is being completed;
9th. In the use of friction rollers on the end half rings to bend the staves into
the path of the cutter heads and to take the friction of the staves when being
operated upon by the said cutter heads;
10th. In the use of a pivoted lever for the purpose of operating the rocking frame
and its connections ;
11th. In forming a special bearing for the rocking frame on the bed of the
machine and running the cutter spindle driving shaft through large openings made
in the rounded lower end of the frame, so that none of the weight of the frame is
carried by the said shaft;
12th. In the use of an adjustable gear connection between the barrel-former
shaft and the feed-roller shaft whereby the gearing may be adjusted to suit the

page_text: vertical height of the feed roller shaft, and the pinion on the end of the said
feed roller shaft engaged or disengaged with the said gearing as the frame is
rocked;
13th. In the use of a pivoted brake to stop the motion of the cutter spindles,
which brake is operated by the foot lever which throws the driving belts out of 5
connection with the shaft from which the cutter spindles derive their motion;
14th. In the use of a crozing saw having its teeth cut away in one or more places
to permit of the saw being withdrawn from the groove which it has cut; the
whole being constructed in detail, substantially as hereinafter more particularly
described.
Figure 1, is a perspective front view of the machine.
Figure 2, is a perspective end view of the machine just after the removal of a
barrel.
Figure 3, is an end elevation of the machine with parts broken away so as to
exhibit more particularly the collapsible former, the balf rings and their
connections.
Figure 4, is a skeleton end view showing the means for operating the movable
half rings and also the arrangement of the stops, against which the staves
are fed.
Figure 5, is a perspective view of the barrel former partially broken away.
Figure 6, is an end view partially in section of the barrel former when
collapsed.
Figure 7, is an end view of the crozing and hollowing cutter-head.
Figure 8, is a side elevation of the same directly facing line a—b, Fig. 7.
Figure 9, is a side elevation of the stave equalizing and chamfering
cutter-head.
Figure 10, is an end view of the same.
Figure 11, is a sectional detail of the spring lock on the upper stops against which
the staves are fed.
In the drawings, like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the
different figures.
A, is the main driving pulley, which is placed in connection with the shaft B, by
means of a clutch C, of any suitable construction. This clutch is operated as
indicated by the trendle D. The shaft B, conveys its motion by suitable gearing
(see Fig. 1) to the shaft E, of the barrel-former F, the construction of which is
hereinafter more particularly described.
Surrounding this barrel-former, one at each end and also one at the middle, are
three rings composed of movable half rings G, and H, adapted to slide in any
suitable manner on the guides I, carried by the bed of the machine. The half
rings G, and H, are respectively connected together by the bars J, and K, so that
when in operation, their movements are simultaneous (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3).
The outer guides I, are adjustable longitudinally on the bed of the machine by
means of bolts 46, which pass through slotted brackets 47, connected to these guides..
By means of these bolts, the outer guides I, may be clamped at any desired distance
apart' to suit the length of the barrel being made at that time.
The bars J, and K, are also slotted where they are connected to the outer half
rings G, and H; so as to admit of this adjustment (see Figs: 1 and 2).
L, is a rocking frame having bearings at M, on the bed of the machine.
N, N, are bearing boxes sliding on guides formed on the standards of this frame.
These bearing boxes carry the feed-roller shaft O, and are adjustable vertically on
the frame L, by means of the screw spindles P, operated by means of bevel gearing,
as indicated; from a hand-wheel on the spindle Q.
To the shaft O, the feed' rollers R, are rigidly connected and the said shaft
derives its motion from the shaft E, by means of the gear wheel S, which convers
its motion to the pinion T, on the end of the shaft O, by the intermediate adjustable
pinions U, and V.
i.
It will be observed on reference to Fig. 1, that the spindle on which these pinions
..:

page_text: are journalled are adjustable in their bearings so that they may be moved so as to
mesh properly with the pinion T, when the feed roller shaft O, is adjusted vertically
on the frame L, to suit the particular thickness of the stave being used or size of
the barrel being made. The bearing on which the outer end of the feed roller
shaft rests next to the pinion T, is shown covered by a cap, but this is not
essential.
Projecting from each outer half ring G, is a bracket W, having a slot formed in
it, into which projects a pin a, the frame L.
A lever b, is pivoted on the frame of the machine. One. end of this lever is
The lower. end of
connected to the half ring H, by means of the pivoted link c.
the lever b, is connected with the frame L, by means of two pivoted rods d, the
adjacent ends of which have right and left hand screw threads respectively formed
on them and are connected by a nut similarly screw threaded internally (see Fig. 3).
This nut permits the lengthening or shortening of the rods d, so as to regulate the
movement of the adjustable ring H. A spring o', is connected at one end to the
pivot point of the lever , and at its other end to the pin a. This spring serves to
counterbalance the weight of the frame L, when swung into the position shown in
Fig. 2.
It will of course be understood that although a single set of the parts specified is
referred to, the set is duplicated at the opposite end of the machine.
In order to securely lock the movable half rings G, and H, a notched bar f, is
When the half
pivoted on one half ring at 60, and a pin g, attached to the other.
rings are brought together, the pin g, enters the notch l, in the bar f, and securely
locks the half rings (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3). When it is desired to release the half
rings, the end of the bar f, is raised and the said half rings are then free to be
moved. The outer end of the bar f, is provided with an adjustable weight intended
to bring the notch 1, into engagement with the pin g. A handle is preferably
formed at this end of the bar, as shown. The other end of the bar f, is preferably
connected with a short bar f', pivoted to the half ring G, at the other end of the
barrel-former, which bar-is thus caused to operate simultaneously with the bar f,
and engage with a pin g', on the half ring H.
The frame L, is locked in position by the spring-actuated dogs 21, (see Figs. 1,
2 and 3), which are pivoted on vertical extensions of the three half rings H, and
engage with the cross-bar 22, of the frame L. These dogs are connected together
by a rod, as shown, so that they may be operated simultaneously. The frame is
swung and the half rings moved by the action of the lever 1, which is pivoted to
the frame of the machine as shown, and is connected by the pivoted link u, to the
frame L, (see Fig. 4).
It will be noticed on reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, that the upper ends of the
When
outer half rings G, are provided with pivoted lock pieces i, pivoted at 61.
these lock picces are in the position shown in Fig. 1, a sufficient opening is left for
the introduction of the staves and when the last stave has been introduced and the
lock pieces placed in the position shown in Fig. 3, all the staves will be securely
held in position while the barrel-former continues to revolve while the cutter heads
are finishing the equalizing, chamfering, hollowing and crozing of the staves, as
hereinafter more particularly described. These lock pieces are held in the closed
position by means of the pivoted handles j, which engage with notches ', in the
half rings G, as shown.
Near the upper end of the half rings G, the stops m, are pivoted at 63 (see
Figs. 1 and 4). These stops are connected together by a rod n, and the upper end
of each stop has a hook forined thereon. These hook ends arrest the motion of the
first stave put in the machine after it has made the circuit of the frame, and hold
the said stave stationary. while the other staves are fed in and forced against it,
In this way all the staves are forced in close contact with each other.
Beneath the lower side of the barrel-former, the stops. p, are placed. These
stops are rigidly connected to a spindle 62, carried by the centre half ring G, so
that their motion is simultaneous. Pivoted on the half ring G, is a bell-crank
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page_text: .
I
lever q, connected by the link r, to one of the stops p, and by the link S, to the
rodn, (see Fig. 4). All the parts are so connected and proportioned that either
the upper or lower stops or neither may be placed in position to engage with the
first stave placed in the machine, a spring catch 50, such as shown in Fig: 11, being
provided on one or both of the stops m, to hold, the parts in their several positions.
The particular function of the lower stops is to catch the first stave and ensure its
being perfectly parallel to the spindle of the barrel-foriner before its ends reach
the cutter heads, as hereinafter described.
In Fig. 1, the connection between the upper and lower stops m, and p, 'is not
shown.
At each end of the barrel-former, two independent spindles w, and y, are
journalled on hearings 3, transversely adjustable on guides o, carried by the
frame L. The spindle wo, carries the hollowing and crozing cutter head 1, while
the spindle y, carries the equalizing and chamfering cutter head 2. As the
arrangement of each of these spindles is precisely the same, it will be sufficient to
describe one of them.
4, is a sliding bar having forks at one end engaging with a ring held between
collars fast on the shaft w. This bar is moved by a pivoted hand lever 5, which
engages with notches on the quadrant 6, which notches are so located as to engage
with the hand lever when the cutter head 1, is in position for work or is withdrawn
therefrom.
As nothing new is claimed in the bearings and their mode of operation, it is not
necessary to specify more particularly the construction or method of transversely
adjusting these parts. The construction of the cutter heads themselves is well
shown in Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10. The independent spindles r, and y, derive their
motion as shown from pulleys 7 and 8; on the shaft 9, the belts from these pulleys
passing round the tightening pulleys 10 and 11, carried by the pivoted frame 12.
The tension on the driving belts is regulated by means of the adjustable weight 13.
The shaft 9, is independently driven by a belt from the line shafting to the
pulley 14.
A loose pulley 15, is journalled on the shaft 9, to which pulley the belt
is shifted by the belt shifter 16, attached to the sliding rod 17, which rod is
operated by the foot lever 18, and slides in suitable bearings on the bed of the
machine.
19, is a beut lever pivoted at 20, and carrying at one end brake shoes adapted
to engage with the belts on the pulleys 7 and 8, as indicated in dotted lines in
Fig. 1. This lever, is operated by the foot lever 18 which passes under its curved
end as indicated, when the driving belt is thrown off the pulley 14, and thus stops
the motion of the cutter spindles w, and y, by the friction of its brake shoes on the
driving belts.
"
23 is an end stop which is loosely pivoted on the feed roller shaft (, between
adjustable collars 24 so that they and the stop 23, can be adjusted longitudinally
on the said shaft E, to suit different lengths of staves; to hold this end stop 23, in
position, when the staves are being fed into the machine, the back stop 25, is
provided, against which the back of the said end stop 23 butts, as shown clearly in
Fig. 1. This back stop 25 is connected as indicated to the frame L.
On reference to Figs. 2, 3, 5, and 6, the method of constructing and carrying the
barrel-former F, will be readily seen. The shaft E, of the barrel-former. is hollow
and is carried in bearing boxes 26, formed on the frame L. Only one of these
boxes can be seen in the drawings, but as they are both precisely similar, a
description of one will be sufficient.
The cap 27, is hinged and can be thrown open to admit of the rocking of the
frame L. A curved piece 28, is connected to the frame L, and is located so as to
guide the shaft E, into its proper position in the bearing box 26.
29, is a pivoted lock by means of which the bearing is held closed while the
barrel is being formed.
The barrel former is made in four sections-30, 31, 32 and 33, binged together
at 34, as shown. The section 30, of the barrel-former is rigidly connected to the

page_text: shaft E, which does not extend through the barrel former, but is cut away, as
shown. The sections 31 and 33, of the barrel-former being hinged to the fixed
section 30, and the section 32, to the section 31, it follows that these sections may
be folded in to take the positions shown in Fig. 6, in which position the barrel-
former is sufficiently reduced in size to permit of the barrel being removed.
35 is a crank-shaft journalled in the solid ends of the section 30. This crank
shaft has a square end formed on it to which is connected a lock spring 36,
engaging with a notch in the edge of the face of the section to hold the spindle in
its normal position.
From this crank shaft, crank arms 37, 38 and 39 extend. The crank arms 37,
are connected by pivoted links 40, to the section 33. The cranks 38, are connected
by the pivoted links 41, with the section 31, and the crank arm 39, is connected by
the curved links 42, with the section 32.
When it is desired to collapse the barrel-former, the spring 36, is forced out of
the notch in the edge of the barrel-former and the spindle revolved by means of a
wrench placed on its square end, when the various sections are drawn by the
action of the crank arms and links into the position shown in Fig. 6. As the
crank arms of the section 33, are longest, this section is necessarily folded in first
as indicated.
An opening 43, is made in the section 33, which admits of the curved links 42,
passing through it, as shown. In the drawing, these sections of the barrel-former F,
are shown made of two halves having flanges formed thereon, which are bolted
together, but this construction is not essential, nor is it necessary that these sections
should be four in number.
It will be noted that three pairs of half rings are used in this machine. The
centre pair of half rings is very important, as it prevents unequal bulging of the
staves at the centre, when they are bent round the barrel-former. Each half ring
is provided with a liner 44 (see Fig. 3). A series of these liners of different
thicknesses may be provided to suit barrels of different sizes and may be changed
at any time according to the diameter of the barrels to be made on the machine at
that time. On the outer side of the half rings G, friction rollers 45 are journalled.
These take the pressure of the staves when being operated upon by the cutter heads,
and may be as many in number as may be desired.
.
On reference to Fig. 8, it will be seen that the crozing saw 51, has its teeth cut,
away at opposite sides of the cutter head. This construction permits the saw to be
withdrawn when the croze is completed. The ends of the staves are forced inward
and into contact with the saw by means of the rollers 45, and unless some such
provision as cutting away the teeth were made, it would be impossible to withdraw
the saw from the groove in which it lies.
1
48 are brackets intended to hold the staves which are about to be fed into the
machine (see Figs. 1 and 3)..
Having described the construction of the machine, a short description of its
operation is now given.
The barrel-former and feed rollers are first started in motion by operating the
clutch C, by means of the treadle D. The pivoted lock pieces i, are then opened
(see Fig. 1). The rod n, is then moved so as to throw the lower stops p, in position
to engage with the first stare entering the machine. This stave is thus levelled as
well as the, other staves which are fed in behind it. The independent cutter
spindles w, and y, with their cutter heads are then set in motion by throwing the
driving belts onto the pulley 14, by means of the foot lever 18 and belt shifter
connected therewith. The lower stops p, are, then thrown out of action and the
upper stops m, thrown into position. The rest of the staves are then fed in and
then both top and bottom stops m, and p, are thrown out of engagement with the
staves. The pivoted lock pieces are then closed, as seen in Fig. 2, and the barrel-
former allowed to revolve till the cutter heads 1 and 2, have completed the
equalizing, chamfering, hollowing and crozing of the stave ends. The cutters are
now stopped by operating the foot lever 18, which throws the driving belt onto the
:

page_text: loose pulley 15, and applies the brake shoes 66, of the lever 19, to the driving belts
of the cutter spindles. The cutter heads are now removed from the cutting
position by means of the hand levers 5. The end stop 23, is then thrown up and the
end hoops which have been hanging on the hooks 49, are placed in position on the
barrel. The dogs 21, pivoted on the half rings H, are then disengaged from
the cross-bar 22, of the frame L. The notched bars f, and fi, are then disengaged
from their respective pins g, g', and the bearings of the barrel-former shaft and feed
roller shaft opened. The frame L, may then be rocked by means of the lever t,
and the half rings G. and H, thus opened. The barrel-former F, is then collapsed
as previously described and the barrel removed from the machine, which is now in
the position shown in Fig. 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. In a barrel machine, a barrel former composed of three or more sections
hinged so that they may be folded together, one of the sections being fixed and
rigidly connected to the barrel-former shaft, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
2. In a barrel machine, a barrel-former composed of three or more sections
hinged so that they may be folded together, one of the sections being fixed and
rigidly connected to the barrel-former shaft, in combination with means for holding
the said hinged sections in their normal position and for folding them into their
collapsed position, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. In a barrel machine, a barrel-former composed of three or more sections
hinged so that they may be folded together, one of the sections being fixed and
rigidly connected to the barrel-former shaft in combination with a crank shaft
journalled on the fixed section and having crank arms formed thereon connected by
pivoted links to the said hinged sections substantially as and for the purpose
:specified.
4. In a barrel machine, a barrel-former comprising the following elements :-
Three or more sections hinged so that they may be folded together, one of the
sections being fixed and rigidly connected to the barrel-former shaft, a crank shaft
journalled on the said fixed section; crank arms connected to the said shaft; links
pivoted to the said crank arms and to the said hinged sections; and a spring lock
connected to the said crank shaft and adapted to engage with a notch formed in the
fixed section of the barrel-former, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
5. In a barrel machine, the barrel-former F, composed of the fixed section 30,
rigidly connected to the shaft E, the sections 31 and 33, hinged to the said section 30,
and the section 32, cut away at 43, and hinged to the section 31, in combination
with the crank shaft 35; crank arms 37, 38 and 39; pivoted links 40, 41 and 42,
the latter being curved as shown; and the spring lock 36 adapted to engage with
a notch in the edge of the barrel-former, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
-
6. In a barrel machine, the barrel-former F, carried by a shaft E, permanently
journalled at one end of the machine in combination with the rocking frame L
having a bearing 26, thereon for the barrel-former shaft, which bearing is closed
by a hinged cap 27, provided with a suitable lock to hold it closed, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
7. In a barrel machine, the barrel-former F, carried by a shaft E, permanently
journalled at one end of the machine, in combination with the rocking frame L
having a bearing 26, thereon, for the barrel-former shaft and provided with a curved
guide piece 28, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
8: In a barrel-machine, the barrel-former F, carried by a shaft E, permanently
journalled at one end of the machine, in combination with the rocking frame L,
having bearings 26, thereon, for the barrel-former shaft, which bearings are closed
by hinged caps 27, provided with suitable locks to hold them closed, the outer

page_text: standard of the frame having a curved guide-piece 28, connected thereto,.
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
9. In a barrel machine, the frame L, carrying two independent sets of cutter
spindles r, and y, journalled in bearings 3, transversely adjustable on guides o..
carried by the said rocking frame, one set of cutter spindles carrying the equalizing
and chamfering cutter-heads 2, and the other the hollowing and crozing cutter
heads 1, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
10. In a barrel machine, the frame L, carrying two independent sets of cutter-
spindles w, and
y, longitudinally adjustable in bearings 3, transversely adjustable
ou guides o, carried by the said rocking frame, one set of cutter spindles carrying
the equalizing and chamfering cutter heads 2, and the other the hollowing and..
crozing cutter heads 1, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
11. In a barrel machine, the frame L, carrying two independent sets of cutter
spindles w, and y, longitudinally adjustable in bearings 3, transversely adjustable-
on guides o, carried by the said rocking frame, one set of cutter spindles carrying
the equalizing and chamfering cutter heads 2, and the other the hollowing and.
crozing cutter heads 1, the crozing saws of the cutter heads 1, being cut away at
one or more places to facilitate removal, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
y
12. In a barrel machine, the rocking frame I., carrying cutter spindles w, and
provided with suitable driving pulleys, in combination with a frame 12, pivoted on.
the said rocking frame and carrying tightener pulleys 10, and 11, adapted to apply
tension to the driving belts of the cutter spindles, substantially as and for the-
purpose specified.
13. In a barrel machine, the rocking frame L, carrying cutter spindles 20, and Y,
provided with suitable driving pulleys, in combination with a frame 12, pivoted on.
the said rocking frame and carrying tightener pulleys 10 and 11, adapted to apply
tension to the driving belts of the cutter spindles, the said frame 12, being provided
with an adjustable weight 13, to regulate the tension, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
14. In a barrel machine, the rocking frame L, carrying two sets of cutter
spindles w, and y, provided with suitable driving pulleys and connected by suitable
belts with the two sets of pulleys 7, and 8, on the shaft 9, in combination with
the frame 12, carrying the tightener pulleys 10, and 11, and provided with adjust-
able weights 13, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
15. In a barrel machine, the barrel-former F, suitably supported in the machine,.
in combination with two pairs of half rings carried on the main frame of the
macbine at each end of the barrel-former, and a third pair of half rings suitably
carried midway between the ends of the barrel-former substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
16. In a barrel machine, the lower stops p, rigidly connected to a spindle.
journalled in the centre half ring G, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
17. In a barrel machine, the upper stops m, pivoted on the half rings G, and
connected together by the rod n, in combination with the lower stops p, pivoted
on one of the half rings G, and operated from the rod n, by means of the link r
bell-crank lever g, and link s, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
18. In a barrel machine, the upper stops m, pivoted on the half rings G, and
connected together by the rods n, in combination with the lower stops p, pivoted
on one of the half rings G, and operated from the rod n, by means of the link r,.
bell-crank 9, and links, one or both of the upper stops m, being provided with a
spring catch, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
19. In a barrel machine, the outer half rings G, in combination with lock
pieces i, pivoted at the upper ends thereof, substantially as and for the purpose.
specified.
20. In a barrel machine, the outer half rings G, in combination with lock
pieces i, pivoted at the upper ends thereof, the said lock pieces having lock

page_text: handles, pivoted thereon which handles are adapted to engage with notches in
the half rings, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
21. In a barrel machine, the half ring G, having friction rollers 45, adapted
to press the staves in towards the barrel-former F, and against the cutter heads 1,
and 2, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
22. In a barrel machine, the lever t, pivoted on the frame of the machine and
connected by the pivoted link u, to the rocking frame L, substantially as-and for
the purpose specified.
1
23. In a barrel machine, the rocking frame L, having a bearing M, on the bed
of the machine, an opening being provided in the lower end of the rocking
frame L, through which the shaft 9, passes without touching said rocking frame,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
24. In a barrel machine, the barrel-former shaft E, journalled on the main
frame of the machine and carrying the gear wheel S, in combination with the
pinions U, and V, adjustably journalled on the main frame of the machine and
meshing with the pinion T, on the feed roller shaft O, which is journalled on the
swinging frame L, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
ر.
25. In a barrel machine, a pivoted lever 19, carrying brake shoes 66 adapted
to engage with the belts on the pulleys 7 and 8, in combination with the foot
lever 18, adapted to rock the lever 19, by passing under its curved end, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
.
26. In a barrel machine, a pivoted lever 19, carrying brake shoes 66, adapted
to engage with the belts on the pulleys 7 and 8, in combination with the foot
lever 18, sliding rod 17, and belt shifter 16, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
.:
27. In a barrel machine, a cutter head carrying a crozing saw, which saw has
its teeth cut away at one or more places to permit of its withdrawal from the
groove which it has cut, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
28. In a barrel machine, a cutter head carrying hollowing knives and a crozing
saw, which saw has its teeth cut away at one or more places- to permit of its
withdrawal from the groove which it has cut, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 1st day of May 1894:
:
1.