matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SUPPORTS FOR REVOLVING CHAIR AND MUSIC-STOOL SEATS, TABLE HEADS, AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julius Unger at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1882.
JULIUS UNGER of Cannstatt near Stutgart, in the German Empire
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SUPPORTS FOR REVOLVING CHAIR AND MUSIC-STOOL SEATS, TABLE
HEADS, AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
"
This Invention relates to certain improvements in supports for revolving chair
and music stool seats table heads and such like objects wherein a screwed spindle
working in a nut is employed to elevate or depress the chair or stool seat table
head or such like.
In carrying the Invention into practice the head of the pillar forming the stand
or pedestal is furnished with a cap carrying ears for hinge-pins and also
perpendicular quadrant pieces provided with slots to serve as guides
In the hinge ears are pinned or articulated the butts of upwardly projecting
arms fitted at their upper extremities with antifriction rollers bearing upon a plate
of the underside of the table chair, stool, or other head in which plate is formed
a valute or spiral groove into which groove the rollers of the arms will take
and run.
The hinged projecting arms are provided with springs acting to force the arms
inwards upon their hinges
When the elevating screw of the pedestal is actuated to raise or elevate the head
of the chair stool table or other object, such for instance as a photogrophic camera
stand the arms will come together somewhat with the rollers in the volute groove
and the arms acting to further support the upper plate upon all sides (three or
more arms are employed) and when screwed down the action to support will still
be the same but the arms will be forced back on their springs and the antifriction
rolls travel out in the volute groove.
IMPROVEMENT OF FISH BOLTS FOR RAILWAY FASTENINGS AND ALSO FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF OTHER BOLTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur May Tippett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1882.
ARTHUR MAY TIPPETT of Barrow in Furness in the County of Lancaster Civil
Engineer THE IMPROVEMENT OF FISH BOLTS FOR RAILWAY FASTENINGS AND
ALSO FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF OTHER BOLTS
The bolt to be split up its centre through the threads from the end as shewn in
the drawing and as far up as will bring the end of the slit 1 of an inch within the
outer side of the nut when screwed up The nut to be screwed into position in the
ordinary manner. The two halves of the split portion of the bolt are then to be
forced open as shewn in the dotted lines in the drawing so as to form a coned
wedge against the nut thus holding it firmly in position. It is also claimed that
the nut can be removed by forcing the two halves of the split portion of the bolt
into their original position and then unscrewing the nut as in ordinary practice the
belt and nut being then fit for use again.
IMPROVED COMPOSITION OF FLOUR AND OTHER MATERIALS TO BE USED AS FOOD
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Phillips Thompson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th December 1882. A
communication from Philip Thorpe a person resident at New York City in the
County and State of New York, United States of America.
"
WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON Fel. Inst. P. A of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors 6 Lord Street Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, and of 323 High
Holborn in the County of Middlesex IMPROVED COMPOSITION OF FLOUR AND
OTHER MATERIALS TO BE USED AS FOOD." [A communication from Philip Thorpe a
person resident at New York City in the County and State of New York, United
States of America]
I take an alkaline bi-carbonate preferably in the anhydrous form flour or other
farinaceous matter and butter or other edible fat and thoroughly incorporate these
with each other. This material pressed into bags or casks so as to exclude the air
-or even into blocks varnished over with a higher hydrocarbon of the series
Cn Hn 2 or other non poisonous impervious material will keep for considerable
periods. A little alkaline chlorido added to the mixture improves its keeping
qualities. In place of the alkaline bi-carbonate one of those nostrums known as
baking powders can be substituted.
When the composition is required for use it is pulverized with water and baked
as an ordinary cake with or without sugar, raisins, seeds or the like.
In some cases especially when required to be kept a long while I heat the flour
or other farinaceous material used to, or near the boiling point of water and add
the butter or fat in a liquid form and thoroughly incorporate them with the salt or
baking powders while hot, then press gently to extract the air, and protect as
before.
If the material do not contain too great a proportion of fatty matter liable to
decomposition it may be kept in the powdered form.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES FOR USE IN CLEANING AND POLISHING BOOTS AND SHOES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO BRUSHES FOR OTHER USES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Horace Baynes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th July 1882.
WILLIAM HORACE BAYNES of N°1 St Petersburgh Place Bayswater in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES FOR USE IN CLEANING AND POLISHING
BOOTS AND SHOES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO BRUSHES
FOR OTHER USES.'
"
For the purpose of cleaning and polishing Boots and shoes it is usual to employ
three separate brushes, a hard brush for the removal of the dirt, a blacking brush
for the application of the "blacking,” and a polishing brush for use in bringing up
the polish from the blacking applied.
The object of my improvements is the combination of the three characters of
brushing surfaces in one instrument so as to avoid the risk and inconvenience
arising from one or the other of a set being mislaid or lost.
As a matter of convenience I arrange the hard brush and the blacking brush, at
one side or surface but at opposite ends thereof and the polishing brush on the
other surface but this arrangement as well as the form of each may be varied,
Brushes thus combined may be employed for other uses.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SYPHON-TRAPS FOR DRAINS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Torrington Angell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th January 1882.
ARTHUR TORRINGTON ANGELL of 144 Fulham Road in the County of
Middlesex Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SYPHON-TRAPS FOR DRAINS."
This Invention relates to improvements in syphon-traps for drains, and has for
its object the better and more effectual cleansing, and flushing of such traps.
I form at the bottom of the inlet end of the syphon a lip or spout which is
directed at such an angle as to cause the water passing down the drain of the
house to fall with considerable force directly in the centre of the body of water
contained in the syphon and which forms the seal or trap. The aforesaid lip or
spout is tapered from the socket of the syphon to the extremity of the lip, thereby
concentrating the water passing through it as much as possible, which water falling,
as is herein described in the centre of the water in the trap creates a vortex which
keeps in motion all suspended matter washed down the drain, thus causing such
matter to pass away freely instead of falling to the bottom of the trap and forming
a deposit; and also causing the water remaining in the trap to be comparatively
pure from the fact of such water being constantly changed. This Invention can be
made of glazed stone earthenware or other suitable material.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF DYEING COTTON-. WOOL AND OTHER VEGETABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th November 1882. A communi-
cation to him from abroad by Paul Théodore Richard, of Paris, France.
"
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of N° 11 Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF DYEING COTTON-.
WOOL AND OTHER VEGETABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS " A Communication to me
from abroad by Paul Théodore Richard, of Paris, France,
This Invention relates to an improved process of dyeing cotton-wool based upon
the preparation of the fibre by an oxydizing substance.
It consists in the application to the dyeing of raw-cotton in Indigo or vat blue
("Bleu de Cuve") of a process of biting or fixing the color by furnishing the whole
mass of material with an oxydizing substance which immediately causes the deposit
of the indigo blue without preliminary aeration.
The substance to be deposited will be an oxide, such as oxide of Lead, of Mercury,
of Copper, or a Salt such as metallic ferrocyanides or chromates, or any other body
which will oxydize indigo Nevertheless while I may use these various substances
I give preference more particularly to oxide of Manganese, the processes of fixation
of which are described in works upon dyeing under the name of bistre-dyeing
("teinture en Bistre") and consist in a treatment with Chloride of Manganese, a
precipitation by an alkali and an oxydizing by hypochlorites, or in any other
ineans of fixing oxide of manganese upon the fibre.
The novelty of this process lies in the application to raw vegetable textile
materials of these means of oxydizing combined with a dyeing with Indigo blue
by the ordinary processes. These means permit the economical realisation of a
dyeing which the impossibility of aerating the interior of the mass rendered
impracticable; and which in fact has never hitherto been commercially obtained.
This process may also be applied to dyeing in Analine black by immersion of the
raw fibres prepared with bistre or any other oxydizing body, in a solution of an
analine salt, or it may be applied to dyeing in any other coloring matter requiring
oxydization to fix it.
I also wish it to be understood that this process is applicable not only to the
dyeing of raw cotton but also to the dyeing of all vegetable textile materials which
are not in the state of twisted or woven fabrics.
AN IMPROVED HYGROMETER
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lykke Boye at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1882.
LYKKE BOYE of Bergen, Norway, but temporarily of 4 South Street Finsbury,
in the county of Middlesex, Engineer, "AN IMPROVED HYGROMETER"
This invention relates to an improved construction of a hygrometer for
ascertaining and indicating the degree of saturation of steam, that is to say, the
percentage of the volume or weight of water drawn with the steam, from the
boiler.
In constructing the apparatus I provide a chamber or cylinder of a known
volume in the cover of which works a piston, the said cylinder being jacketted to
allow of a circulation of steam around the cylinder. Suitable means are provided
for recording the travel of the piston; communication between the cylinder and
space between the cylinder and jacket is established by suitable means. I provide
a hollow piston rod in which works a spindle cut with a screw thread of a certain
pitch working in a female screw in a cross head to which the upper end of the
hollow piston is firmly connected; a divided wheel and an indicating hand or
pointer are provided the parts being so arranged that any proportion of one per
cent of the space in the chamber or cylinder may be read off. A steam gauge is
put in communication with the chamber or cylinder and a suitable valve allows
the communication from the steam boiler to the cylinder and the jacketted space is
in constant communication with the steam in the boiler or otherwise.
A certain volume of steam is caused to pass into the chamber or cylinder and
the valve is closed, the piston is then raised and the steam expands into the space
of the known volume, the expanding steam being kept at a constant temperature
by steam which circulates in the jacketted space.
It will be understood that so long as the steam remains saturated under a
constant temperature its pressure will remain the same and when the piston is
raised sufficiently the steam will expand and pass from a saturated to a super-
beated condition and at the moment of the charge a diminution of pressure follows
and will be indicated by the needle or hand of the gauge. The travel of the
piston records as herein before described the increase in the volume of the cylinder.
Cocks are provided to exhaust the chamber or cylinder and the jacketted space
of air or steam as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING TWISTING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBRE."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jules Roussel, fils, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th January 1882.
JULES ROUSSEL, fils, of Roubaix, in the Republic of France.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING TWISTING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBRE."
My Invention is applicable to machines for spinning twisting and doubling the
spindles of which may be driven either from right to left or in the opposite
direction, each spindle turns in a footstep in the bottom rail which is raised and
lowered; the upper spindle bearing is fitted in a fixed rail and on the upper part
of this fixed bearing I place a wharve driven by the band that drives the spindle
or otherwise; on the boss of this wharve I place two horizontal arms one of which
is connected by a thread or wire or other pliant or rigid connection to a traveller
on a ring on the top fixed rail.
I place on the top of the spindle a tube of brass or other metal or substance the
upper end of this tube is closed and it turns freely on a point at the top of the
spindle on the lower side of the tube is a flange on this metal tube, the paper tube
on which the fibre is wound is placed.
.
I make the wharve smaller in diameter than the pulley on the spindle so that
the wharve drives the traveller at a higher speed than the spindle is driven to
effect the winding; the winding may be effected by driving the spindle at a
higher speed than the traveller. In place of a traveller driven by the wharve I
may employ an inverted flyer the upper ends of which revolve in a circular
aperture in the top rail; I form an annular groove in the top rail into which enter
projections on the flyer to steady it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ALBUMS FOR HOLDING PHOTOGRAPHS, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Aron at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1882.
ALBERT ARON, of Rose Street, Newgate Street, in the City of London, Importer
IMPROVEMENTS IN ALBUMS FOR HOLDING PHOTOGRAPHS, AND SUCH LIKE ARTICLES
Communicated to [him] me from abroad by Adolphe Aron, of rue Turenno, Paris,
France,
The object of this Invention is to construct albums for holding photographs, and
such like articles, so that the said articles may be readily placed within, or with-
drawn from the album without risk of tearing or crushing that portion of the leaf
wherein the slot or aperture is cut for the passage of the photograph, or like
article into or from the album.
For this purpose, and according to one arrangement, each leaf of the album is
composed of two portions, vis: a fixed portion, or leaf proper, and a removeable
portion or slide, this latter portion being adapted to be slidden into the fixed
portion, either from the top, or from the bottom edge, or from the lateral edge of
the leaf, and to be readily withdrawn therefrom as required.
This removeable or sliding portion carries the photographs, or the like, which are
inserted therein, through slits or openings in the lateral edges of such portion, and
this portion is also provided with apertures or openings for the exhibition of the
photographs or like articles, said apertures or openings corresponding with those in
the fixed portion, or leaf proper, when the sliding portion is in place.
In another arrangement, or modification, the portion carrying the photographs,
or the like, is a fixture, and the outer leaf is adapted to be slidden over this fixed
portion, and to form a sheath or envelope therefor.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF CASK OR BARREL."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Thorpe Thomas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1882.
STEPHEN THORPE THOMAS, of the firm of Messieurs Ensor and Thomas of
Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, Manufacturers. "AN IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION OF CASK OR BARREL."
According to this invention I construct a cask or barrel of sheet steel or iron,
by first forming the body in halves divided transversely of the axis of the cask and
then brazing or riveting the halves together around the middle of the cask, and
afterwards riveting in both ends in the manner frequently employed for fixing the
ends in oil drums and such like receptacles and strengthening such ends with
strong steel or iron bands. The proper enlargement or belly is given to the metal
cask, as in the case of a wooden one, and metal hoops are riveted around the cask
for strength and also to give a neat appearance. A metal bush is riveted to the
side of the cask to form the bung hole, and a bush is riveted to one end to form
the hole for the tap.
"
A cask or barrel constructed as aforesaid may be galvanized or tinned or left
black as desired.
>>
IMPROVE- UNCOUPLING RAILWAY CARRIAGES, WAGGONS AND
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Flemons Hopkins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1882.
GEORGE FLEMONS HOPKINS of Kensworth in the County of Herts
MENTS IN
TRUCKS
">
COUPLING AND
" IMPROVE-
UNCOUPLING RAILWAY CARRIAGES, WAGGONS AND
My invention has for its object improvements in couplings for railway carriages
wagons and trucks so that the same can with facility be coupled and uncoupled
without the necessity of the attendant going between the wagons or carriages and
further the said couplings can be used with the couplings at present existing on
rolling stock.
In carrying out my invention I proceed mainly as follows:-A lever or bar
running across the body of the vehicle is held free to move in bearings attached to
the outside of the buffers or wagons This lever or rod is cranked at or about the
centre and to same is attached a sleeve or socket said sleeve or socket being also
secured on the reverse side to an arm or spindle attached free to move to the under
framing of the vehicle.-In this sleeve or socket works a rod forked at the opposite
end to carry the end link of the coupling the other links being attached to same
in the ordinary way to the end of the draw bar carrying the hook.-The end link
is however formed with a slot in which works a pin on the forked arm.-The lever
or arm before described is provided with handle on each side for working the
coupling which is effected as follows:-The wagons or carriages being brought
together the handle is actuated lifting by the crank the forked arm carrying the
end shackle up to and over the hook into which it drops and the coupling is
complete.-The handle is retained when the coupling is not in use in suitable stop
cr bracket as required The reverse action uncouples the carriages.-Should by
accident one of the links be broken and the carriages become disconnected an
advantage gained by my Invention is that the cost of repair extends only to
supplying a fresh link or shackle.
The carriages or wagons are provided with this arrangement at both ends.
AN IMPROVED TUBULAR ELEVATOR APPARATUS WITH INTERNAL EXPANSIVE POWER
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Baron (Constantin) de Winter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1882.
Baron (CONSTANTIN) DE WINTER of Boulevard Saint Denis No 1 at Paris, Civil
Engineer, "AN IMPROVED TUBULAR ELEVATOR APPARATUS WITH INTERNAL
EXPANSIVE POWER
"
My Invention consists of a tubular elevator having internal expansive power and
capable of rapid extension like a telescope, and of again closing up, under the action
of an internal power such as water under pressure, compressed air, steam, gas or
other agent under pressure. When the apparatus is closed up its height is only a
small fraction of the total height to which it can be extended, so that it is very
portable. It can be applied to various purposes; it will suffice to name two,
namely:-(1) for raising devices for directing the fall of a tree in forest work; (2) as
a fire escape. For the latter purpose the apparatus may be placed on a carriage
which will allow of its being a little inclined from the vertical. If required, this
carriage may carry a steam generator.
The apparatus is composed of a number of tubes or hollow rods fitting into each
other and provided at the joints with stuffing boxes or other means of preventing
the escape of the steam, air or other motive agent. The top tube carries such
devices as may be required according to the use for which the apparatus is intended;
thus for forest work it would have arms with jaws and for a fire escape it may have
a small seat. The motive agent is admitted, and also allowed to escape, at the
bottom by means of a small slide valve worked by à lever or by means of cocks or
similar appliances. For causing the tubes to again close up I may employ cords or
chains, or rely on the weight of, the tubes, or apply internal suction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ELECTRIC CURRENTS, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR ELECTRO-MOTIVE POWER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Millar at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th May 1882.
ADAM MILLAR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ELECTRIC CURRENTS, ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR ELECTRO-MOTIVE POWER PURPOSES,"
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for producing electric
currents, and which may also be employed for obtaining motive-power. My
improvements consist in employing, for the purpose of producing electric currents,
an electro-magnet, or a permanent magnet, so constructed that each of the two
poles of the magnet forms circles concentric with, or disposed symmetrically to
each other, so that the space which separates the two circles is also circular.
Of several modes of carrying out this Invention, the following are examples:
(First) By fastening together a large number of horse-shoe magnets made from
sheet-steel, so that they form a continuous circle or ring, the poles being all in the
same plane, the limbs forming two concentric cylinders connected together by the
bend of the horse-shoe, and presenting an annular trough shaped space between
the cylinders. (Second) By fastening the series of horse-shoe magnets so that they
form a channelled disc or ring, the poles pointing outwards and forming the
periphery of the disc, and the bend of the horse-shoe being towards the centre, the
channel or trough-shaped space, extending from the bends of the horse-shoe
outwards to the periphery.
In place of steel permanent magnets, electro magnets presenting the same
configuration may be used.
The electric currents are produced by the rotation within the circular space
between the limbs of the horse-shoe magnets, of an armature constructed somewhat
similarly to the armature known as the Gramme ring.
The apparatus may be used for producing motive-power by causing electric
currents to circulate in the insulated conductor of the Gramme ring, which will be
thereby made to rotate, and its rotatory motion may be utilised for motive-power
purposes.
IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING OR PREPARING AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY & CHINA ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Boote at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1882.
RICHARD BOOTE of Burslem in the County of Stafford Potter
IMPROVED
METHOD OF TREATING OR PREPARING AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF POTTERY & CHINA ARTICLES
The object of this invention is an improved method of treating or preparing
articles made of clay and other ingredients used in the manufacture of pottery,
china and such like bodies by constructing and arranging machinery for the
purpose to be applied by hand, steam or other power engine as much as possible to
supersede the present mode of using solely hand labour.
To carry my invention into practice I first prepare a bed or mould made of wood,
plaster of paris, or some suitable material to correspond with the reverse side of
the article to that which is to act upon this bed or mould is made to revolve by
hand, steam or other power engine, having placed the article in its rough made
state on this revolving bed or mould I apply to the surface to be dressed pieces of
friable material such as steel horn and suitable material fixed into a frame and
made to correspond with the outline of the article which when applied by the
revolving action given to the bed or mould removes all the irregularities and
roughness that arise from various causes and leave a perfectly smooth surface
By the same process the edges of the article are dressed. The action may be
reversed, the frame itself made to revolve.
This invention is also applicable for the removing of roughness from the surface
of moulds from which the articles are made.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE ESCAPES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hutchins Pinder at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1882.
THOMAS HUTCHINS PINDER of St. German's House, Exeter in the County of
Devon "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE ESCAPES."
This invention relates more particularly to what may be termed a Household or
domestic Fire escape my improved fire escape occupying but a small space and
being capable of ready removal from one part of a house to another thus affording
in case of fire the means of escape through any accessible window or other outlet.
The improved fire escape may be made of steel iron or other metal and when
extended for use forms a ladder. It is composed of a number of sections jointed
together at about every three feet so as to admit of its being folded up (backwards
and forwards) into a comparatively small compass when not in use.
The upper section of the ladder thus formed is about 10 inches wide and the
adjoining one below is a trifle wider and so on to the bottom to admit of the sides
(when folded back) folding closely over and against the sides of the upper sections.
The rounds or spars of the ladder are about the usual distance apart and to each
of the sections two claws arms or struts are jointed or otherwise affixed for the
purpose of keeping the ladder a sufficient distance from the wall of the house to
ensure a good footing.
The preparation needed to bring the apparatus into use is most simple and can
be accomplished in a few minutes by one person. When required to be used it is
put out of the window and suspended by a chain or wire rope fastened to the
upper section of the ladder the chain or rope passing over the sill of the window
and being attached to a staple permanently fixed in the wall below the window or
other exit opening.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Turner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd February 1882.
EDMUND TURNER of Ross in the County of Hereford Boot and Shoo
Manufacturer, IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES.
The insertion of a layer or layers of tin foil gold or any other metal which by
its ductility and non-corrosiveness can be laminated into leaves for insertion
between the inner and outer sole or between the uppers and the linings in the
manufacture of boots and shoes the advantages of which are to prevent creaking
and the penetration of damp.
NEW OR IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR SECURING WINDOWS AND DOORS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Young and George Cathcart
Wood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th September
1882.
THOMAS YOUNG and GEORGE CATHCART WOOD both of Sheffield in the County
of York. NEW OR IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR SECURING WINDOWS AND DOORS
This invention relates to new or improved appliances for securing windows
and doors
This invention relates firstly to an automatic appliance for securing the upper and
lower portions of windows which slide vertically in frames and consists essentially
of a balanced or two-armed catch or lever suspended in a bracket the normal
position of which is such that an arm projects outwards from the bracket, being
forced back in closing the window but moving out automatically and securing the
window as soon as the window is fully closed. To open the window the projecting
arm of the balanced catch or lever is held back by which a clear course is made for
the sliding of the window. A plain plate may be fixed to the portion of the
window opposite to that on which is fixed the automatic catch, for the said catch
to act on, or as a modification a second bracket with a projection or projections, or
a plate with one or more projections may be employed, the said projections
locking onto the opposite bracket, or bracket flange or plate
Secondly
As a modification of the firstly described appliance and for use in a horizontal
position a V shaped or two-armed pivotted lever is employed in combination with
a spring which acts on the lever to project one arm from the casing or door, the
spring being depressed as the door is closing against the door frame and extending
when the door is fully closed; a spindle with a cain or projection, and a door knob,
are employed to depress the spring or force back the lever, used as ordinarily
employed for door locks
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE GRATES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir Walter Watson Hughes at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd January 1882.
Sir WALTER WATSON HUGHES, of 48 Porchester Terraco, Bayswater, in the
County of Middlesex, Knight. * IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE GRATES."
"
The object of the Invention is more especially to construct an open fire grate
suitable for burning anthracite coal. For this purpose I construct the basket or
fire place which holds the fuel not only with a grating of fire bars at the front and
bottom as in ordinary fire grates but I also form it with fire bars at the sides and
back, and around the sides and back I form an air flue of fire brick lumps. The air
enters this flue at the front of the fire grate on both sides of the fire place and after
passing to the back of the flue descends and rises up between the bottom fire bars.
The fire brick sides of the flue get highly heated by heat radiated from the fire the
air therefore in its passage to the fire also gets highly heated and in consequence
enters readily into combustion with the fuel. The front of the grate below the fire
lars is closed in by a moveable ash pan or door all air passing to the fuel in the
fire place except that which enters between the front bars has therefore to pass
through the fire brick flue above mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO HARVESTING MACHINES AND THE LIKE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Paul at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1882.
JOSEPH PAUL, of Harvard, in the County of Dorset, temporarily of the Patent
Office, Broad St Corner, Birmingham. " IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO
HARVESTING MACHINES AND THE LIKE'
"
The object of this Invention which has reference to certain improvements in or
relating to harvesting and similar machines is to facilitate the operation of such
machines in the performance of their work, such as the making of hay.
According to this Invention the swathes or body of grass is wholly removed
from the ground by a set of sliding or spring teeth, and the grass is carried up an
inclined plane by toothed bands or ladders, and is turned over into an end
receptacle wherein by a revolving toothed shaft or other equivalent means it is
tossed about with the object of drying it speedily and converting it into hay, and
is then raked and formed into rows, preparatory for stacking. The apparatus is so
arranged as that it can be equally well used with corn and other cereals, for the
formation from swathes to rows for facilitating the subsequent pitching, in the
usual way: and thus manual labor and time are economised to an appreciable
extent.
The toothed bands or ladders are operated by endless side chains deriving their
motion primarily from the land or travelling wheels by connecting gearing, and the
said revolving toothed shaft or agitator is also actuated by pulleys and bands from
the main driving shaft. After the grass is thus turned and tossed, it is raked into
rows by revolving rakes which are operated by the same means as the lifting
bands; all the parts receiving motion simultaneously.
The machine is provided with fore turning levers and wheels for facility of
turning.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROMOTING CIRCULATION OF WATER IN BOILERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Pitcairn Halket at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1882.
JAMES PITCAIRN HALKET of Millwall in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROMOTING CIRCULATION OF WATER IN
BOILERS
”
1
STEAM
My invention relates to apparatus for promoting circulation of water in steam
boilers. For this purpose I form within the boiler around or partly around the
furnace tubes or flues, channels communicating below with the lower parts of the
boiler, and having upper mouths which may be carried up to a greater or less
height and directed as required by the positions of the tubes or flues above. The
colder water entering these channels by their lower mouths and becoming heated
by contact with the metal of the fire tube or flue which forms the side or part of
each channel, ascends and issues in currents from the upper mouths of the channels
thus ensuring circulation of the boiler water. In order to give facility for cleausing
inspection or repair I prefer to make the channels in the form of hollow saddles
that can be placed where desired on the crowns or sides of the fire tubes or flues,
and which can be moved along them or can be removed when required. Or
portions of the channels may be fixed while parts are moveable to give access when
required to the furnace tubes or flues.
A NEW COMPOSITION TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GRINDING STONES, DISCS OR WHEELS, WHETSTONES, MILLSTONES, PULVERISING DISCS. AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus Von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1882.
A Communication from abroad by Gustav Oest of Berlin in the German Empire.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI Proprietor of the firm of J Brandt &
G. W V Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse
Berlin Germany. "A NEW COMPOSITION TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF GRINDING STONES, DISCS OR WHEELS, WHETSTONES, MILLSTONES, PULVERISING
DISCS. AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES." A Communication from abroad by
Gustav Oest of Berlin in the German Empire.
"
The Invention relates to the employment of a new composition for use in the
manufacture of millstones pulverising discs, grinding stones, discs, or wheels,
whetstones and other analogous articles and consists of from ten to twelve parts of
kilned bauxit, two parts of crucible black lead fragments, one part of loam, and one
part of clay to which any suitable cement may be added. The bauxit and black
lead which is also kilned are after being pulverised mixed with a sufficient quantity
of water to obtain a stiff paste from which the required articles are formed or pressed
under a suitable pressure. The articles are then dried in the air after which they
are exposed to a strong white heat in a furnace. The materials are pulverised fine
or coarse according as it may be required to have a fine or coarse composition:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Lomax at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1882.
HENRY LOMAX of Darwen in the County of Lancaster Machinist " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
"
This Invention relates to improved means of weighting the warp beam of looms
for weaving in which the springs beretofore commonly used are dispensed with
and the maximum efficiency of any given weight is utilized and certain and
uniform drag or. friction on the beam is ensured.
According to this my invention I employ a chain one end of which is attached
to the weight lever the chain thence passes around the neck of the "ruffle" of the
beam any desired number of times and thereon its other end in lieu of being
attached to a spring or other part of the loom as heretofore is by a hook or other
connection attached to the pendant part of the chain above the weight so that the
chain and weight are in effect one. Under the coils of chain and around the neck
of the ruffle of the beam is a cloth or other like covering and over the cloth is a
sheet metal covering extending partially around the neck and upon this metallic
covering the coils of the chain grip and rest the frictional grip and movement of
the ruffles neck being within the under or cloth covering thereof, the metallic clip
is provided with a loop and connection with the clay sword or other going part of
the loom so as to be moved on the ruffle at each pick and so prevent any possibility
of sticking or binding.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PENCILS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Daniel Sprague at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1882.
JOHN DANIEL SPRAGUE of Beulah Hill, Upper Norwood in the County of
Surrey
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PENCILS
"
This invention has for its object the construction of pencils in which the black
lead, plumbago, or other material of which they may be composed is made to
revolve and so admit of fine or coarse lines being drawn therewith without the
necessity of "sharpening" the said lead.
One form of the pencil consists of a metallic or other suitable cup made partially
hemispherical at its lower end, and has a circular opening therein. A ball or
sphere of marking material is placed within the cup and a cap with a conical
hollow is placed thereon.-The cup is then screwed into a metallic or other tube
furnished with a spiral spring, which while at rest, keeps the ball of marking
material always in contact with the cup and projecting through the opening in its
lower end. When in use the instrument is employed as an ordinary pencil, but as
the marking material is globular it constantly revolves and presents a fresh surface
to the material to be marked, and this continues to be the case until the ball
becomes by wear so small as to drop through the orifice in the bottom of the cup,
when it may be replaced by another.
A second form consists in using a disc of marking material supported on each
side by a number of thin cardboard, paper, metal or other discs or washers, each
disc being pierced through the centre, so that an arbor or spindle may be inserted
and the whole screwed tightly together. The instrument so made may be furnished
with a forked handle in which the ends of the arbor or spindle, and consequently
the marking material may revolve.--When the disc of marking material becomes
worn to near the size of the largest paper or metallic disc, the washer or disc on
each side of the marking material may be removed, the arbor re-inserted and the
whole screwed together as before.
Another form of the pencil consists of a disc of marking material having on each
side of it a disc composed of tightly coiled paper stuck together at intervals, so that
as the marking material wears, a portion of the paper may be removed, leaving a
sufficient quantity of marking material exposed to be convenient for use.
form of pencil like the previous one revolves upon a central arbor and may be
furnished with a forked or other shaped handle, or either of them may be partially
enclosed in a metallic or other suitable case.
This
THE IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, TO PREVENT SLIPPING ON WOOD PAVEMENT, ASPHALTE AND OTHER ROADWAYS, AND TO CHECK CONCUSSION
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Comyns Eames at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1882.
"}
ROBERT COMYNS EAMES of 4 Victoria Street Westminster "THE IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION OF SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS, TO PREVENT SLIPPING
ON WOOD PAVEMENT, ASPHALTE AND OTHER ROADWAYS, AND TO CHECK CONCUSSION."
The object of this invention is to construct Shoes, for horses and other Animals,
with one or more groove or grooves, channel or channels on the working face,
having on either side thereof a rim of iron or steel irregular or regular in form,
which channel or groove, channels or grooves, shall be pierced at distances varying
from one to two inches, more or less from each other. And so that the apertures
shall be smaller on the working face, than on the reverse side, the channel or
channels, groove or grooves may be regular or irregular in shape. and shall be
filled with vulcanised india rubber either alone or in combination with any other
substance, and the same shall fill the holes in the channel or channels, and extend
to the side next the hoof, and shall partially or wholly cover the same, so as to
form a layer, wholly or in part, of a Semi-Elastic, elastic, or other substance, coming
in contact with the hoof.
For the purpose of my invention, the Shoes are made from rolled bars of iron, or
steel, having one or more central depression or groove, depressions or grooves on
one side. Stopping at about one half of an inch from either end of the Shoe, or
extending to the entire eud of the shoe, and after the Shoe is made the india
rubber substance or other material, is incorporated with the Shoe, being kept
secure by means of the apertures being filled with a similar substance and in such
manner as that the two sides are joined.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SEPARATING CREAM FROM MILK, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE SEPARATION OF OTHER FLUITA INTO WO COMPONENT PARTS OF DRFERENT DENSITIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Mander Allender and William
Edmund Crossby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
22nd March 1882.
GEORGE MANDER ALLENDER of St. Petersburgh Place, Bayswater, in the County
of Middlesex, and WILLIAM EDMUND CROSSBY of Chelmsford in the County of
Essex "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SEPARATING CREAM FROM MILK,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE SEPARATION OF OTHER FLUITA INTO WO COMPONENT PARTS
OF DRFERENT DENSITIES
"
This invention relates to apparatus for separating Cream from milk, or for the
separation of my other fluj abstrance. The Machine car, be worked by hand,
horse, steam, or her mot
power.
Our improved maching consists of a horizontal drum with shaft fixed through
the centre, the shaft Working in bearings at either end.
.
We do not propose to confine ourselves to any particular shape, or size of drum
and it can be made with one or both ends open.
We provide our drum with two or more inner circular plates, and three or more
cross pieces, or wings, as may be required.
Our improved machine is set in motion when empty, and a continuous stream of
milk (or other fluid) is then conducted into the drum.
The milk or other fluid, then flows under the inside plate, or plates, and the
process of separating commences.
In consequence of the centrifugal action, the milk, or other fluid, works between
the two inner plates in the drum, the separation is effected and the Cream flows to
the inner circle against the second inside plate, and the skim milk flows through at
the bottom of the second plate and against the ontside plate.
The cream and akim-milk are each then drawn off separately by means of small
pipes or tubes, or in any convenient manner.
*We
may partly empty the drum whilst it is in motion, by means of an adjustable
pipe which is lowered into the milk or other fluid.
We may also use a hollow drum shaft, through which to draw off the milk at
one end and the cream at the other by means of small pipes led through the shaft
from the respective walls of the milk, or other fluids to be acted upon or dealt
with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC LIGHT
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Wilde at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1882.
"
HENRY WILDE of the City of Manchester in the County of Lancaster Electrical
Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC LIGHT
My invention consists of an improvement in, electric light regulators by which
the arc is produced and maintained automatically in a simple and efficient manner
with the least amount of controlling mechanism.
In this improvement the carbons are mounted in a vertical position in the usual
manner, the lower carbon being fixed, while the upper carbon is fed towards the
lower one as they are consumed, but both carbons may by suitable arrangements be
made to approach each other and may also be placed horizontally instead of
vertically. The upper carbon is made to approach and to separate from the lower
one by means of a long driving screw to the end of which the carbon is attached
by a suitable holder. The screw which is in the same axial position as the carbon,
has a pitch sufficiently great to allow it to descend through a nut towards the lower
carbon by its own gravity, assisted by the weight of the upper carbon and it is
grooved or slotted throughout its length to prevent it from turning on its axis, but
by its descent a rotary motion is imparted to the nut.
The driving screw passes through the axis of a solenoid or an electro magnet
while an iron armature attached to the nut rotates under the solenoid or electro
magnet as the carbon descends. As soon as the carbons come in contact the nut
and screw are drawn up by the attractive force of the electro magnet and the arc
is established between the carbon points. As the length of the arc increases the
attractive force of the electro magnet weakens and allows the screw and carbon to
descend and maintain the arc of constant length. The rotary motion of the nut is
arrested by means of a projecting tooth and spring or their equivalents, while free
upward motion of the nut and screw is permitted for separating the carbons.
The solenoid or electro magnet is made to act differentially by means of a derived
circuit of fine wire through which part of the current is transmitted in an opposite
direction to that producing the principal magnetic effect as is well understood and
by means of suitable arrangements, two or more sets of carbons may be used with
the same regulator.