A NEW. AND IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MAKING ARTICLES FROM HARD RUBBER AND FROM OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF BEING MOULDED IN DIES, AND AT THE SAME TIME INLAYING OR INSERTING IN AND ATTACHING TO SUCH ARTICLES METALLIC AND OTHER PLATES FOR USEFUL OR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Halsey, of Hoboken, State of
New Jersey, in the United States of America, Manufacturing
Jeweller, for the Invention of "A NEW. AND IMPROVED PROCESS FOR
MAKING ARTICLES FROM HARD RUBBER AND FROM OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE
OF BEING MOULDED IN DIES, AND AT THE SAME TIME INLAYING OR INSERTING
IN AND ATTACHING TO SUCH ARTICLES METALLIC AND OTHER PLATES FOR USEFUL
OR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 5th September 1868, and dated the 9th March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Halsey
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th March 1868.
I, WILLIAM HENRY HALSEY, of Hoboken, State of New Jersey, in
5 the United States of America, Manufacturing Jeweller, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED PROCESS FOR
MAKING ARTICLES FROM HARD RUBBER AND FROM OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF
BEING MOULDED IN DIES, AND AT THE SAME TIME INLAYING OR INSERTING IN AND

page_text: ATTACHING TO SUCH ARTICLES METALLIC AND OTHER PLATES FOR USEFUL OR
ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
There is a well-known process of forming and shaping by dies and
pressure articles made from hard rubber, gutta percha, and other
substances capable of being moulded, by which the surfaces of such
articles are made to correspond with the configuration given to the
dies. If, however, it be desired to attach to any such article so formed
any metallic part or appliance, as a hinge, for example, or to inlay the
surface of such article with plates of gold or other material for ornamen-
tation, it has been necessary to attach to or insert in any such article
after it has been moulded such hinge, appliance, or plate, and then fasten
or secure the same by rivets, screws, or similar fastening.
My Invention consists in such a method or process of forming any
article from hard rubber, gutta percha, or any other substance which can
be moulded by dies and pressure, that any attachment or device, such
as a hinge, for example, or any plate, figure, or design composed of metal
or other rigid material, can be inserted in. or firmly and securely attached
to any such article in and by the same process or operation as that by
which such article is formed and moulded and without requiring the
use or application of rivets, screws, or other fastenings to secure such
device, attachment, plate, or figure to the moulded article.
The method or process of attaching a hinge to any such moulded
article, as, for instance, to the central rim and the cap of a watch case, is as
follows: The hinge is composed as usual of two plates, to one of which
are fixed small tubes or tube sections with an intervening space to
receive a tube section on the other plate when the plates are brought
together, the tube sections receiving the hinge pin. In one of the dies by
which the watch rim is to be formed are made recesses to receive the
tube sections of one plate of the hinge, such recesses being a little larger
in every direction than such tube sections, so that when the tube sections
are placed in the recesses, the hinge plate resting or lying on the surface
of the die, and pressure is applied upon such plate the tube sections will
not be flattened or injured. The hinge plate is held in position in the
die by pins fixed thereto and entering perforations in the die. When the
material to be moulded is placed in the dies and pressure applied, the
material will be forced over, around, and upon the plate, and the material
and plate will be closely connected. To fasten the plate to the moulded
article more completely there may be attached to the back of the hinge

page_text: plate short blunt pins with partially flattened heads or roughened sides,
around which the moulded material may be pressed and fasten itself.
The edges of such hinge plate may also be slightly bevelled, so that the
moulded material will lap over the edges and form a sort of dovetail
joint with the plate. The moulded article having been taken from the
dies the stay pins used for holding the hinge plate in position are cut off
and the article is finished. The other part of the hinge is inserted in
and attached to the moulded article in the same manner except that the
die to receive it is recessed to receive only the single tube section instead
of the two tube sections.
To inlay the moulded article with metallic or other plates, figures, and
designs, and so that the surface of the inlaid plates or figures and of
the article shall be smooth or uniform, the plate or figure to be inlaid
having projecting from its back surface blunt pins with flattened ends
or roughened sides, or having its edges bevelled, is laid on the surface
of the die in proper position, and the material to be moulded is placed in
the dics, and on pressure being applied will be forced over and around
such plate, and plate and material will be closely connected.
To inlay the article with metallic or other figures which shall be in
relievo the dic by which the inlaid surface is to be formed is recessed
in the shape of the figure or design intended to be in relievo to a depth
equal to the extent to which the figure or design is to stand out from the
surface. The plate or figure to be inlaid having been prepared, as before
described, is placed in such recess or seat, and the material forced upon
and around it as in the other cases mentioned.
I thus perform by one and the same operation, first, the moulding or
shaping of the article heretofore effected by one independent operation;
secondly, the shaping or configuring the surface of the article to receive
any inlaid or inserted plate or design which heretofore required a separate
process after the article had been moulded; and, thirdly, the fastening
of the inlaid or inserted plate or figure whatever its form or nature
which had heretofore to be done separately from the other processes,
such fastening being effected without pins or rivets and more securely
than by their use. The whole result is thus obtained more effectively
but less expensively than heretofore.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Henry Halsey in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENRY HALSEY, of Hoboken, State of New Jersey, in the United States
of America, Manufacturing Jeweller, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Henry Halsey, Her special licence
that I, the said William Henry Halsey, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Henry Halsey, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MAKING ARTICLES FROM HARD RUBBER AND FROM OTHER
SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF BEING MOULDED IN DIES, AND AT THE SAME TIME INLAYING
OR INSERTING IN AND ATTACHING TO SUCH ARTICLES METALLIC AND OTHER PLATES
FOR USEFUL OR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Henry Halsey, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Henry Halsey, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The method or process of forming and shaping by means of moulds
or dies, articles made from or composed of hard rubber, gutta percha,
and other substances which admit of being shaped under pressure is
well known and has been extensively applied and in a great variety

page_text: of ways; when such articles however are so formed the material or
substance of which such articles are composed is only shaped by the
moulds or dies, and the surfaces of such articles correspond with the
configuration given to the dies. If, however, the article so produced
has been of such a character, as a box or case, that it is required that
one part should hinge to or turn upon another, and a metallic hinge
is desired for this purpose, it has been necessary to attach the hinge
thereto after such article has been moulded to the shape or pattern
preferred, and then fasten the same by rivets or some equivalent manner,
and such method of attaching a hinge also requires particular care
and greatly increases the cost of construction. So also, if it has been
desired to inlay, emboss, or ornament the surfaces of any such article
so moulded with figures or designs in gold or other metal or other
material, it has been necessary to so inlay or ornament the article after
it has been moulded, and then to fasten therein or thereto the metallic
or other figures or designs by rivets, screws, or in some equivalent
manner.
My Invention consists in such a method or process of making-or
forming any article from hard rubber, gutta percha, or any substance
or material which can be moulded or shaped in dies or moulds, that
any attachment or device, such as a hinge or any plate or figure or
design made of metal or any rigid material, can be firmly and securely
attached to or inserted in the article or material moulded in and by the
same process or operation by which such article or material is moulded,
and without requiring the use of rivets or fastenings to be applied after
the article is removed from the moulds or dies.
The Figures represent a series of dies designed to form the different
parts of a watch case, and at the same time attach the necessary hinges
thereto and inlay the outer surfaces if desired.
Figs. 1, 2, 3. Represent a set of dies used for forming the rim of a
watch case and fixing thereto one part of a hinge.
4.
"
5.
"
"
6.
Shows the central part of such dies.
Is a vertical section of such a die when the several parts
are in position, and showing also the rim made from
hard rubber.
Is an enlarged representation of the part of the hinge fixed
theannsaits sides of auch plata

page_text: Figs. 7, 8, 9. Represent a set of dies for forming one of the outer
caps of the watch case, and fixing thereto the part
وو
"
دو
"
دو
10.
of the hinge connecting with that part of the hinge
fixed to the rim.
Is an enlarged representation of the part of the hinge
fixed to such cap showing its opposite sides.
11, 12. Represent a set of dies for forming one of the outer
caps of a watch case, and inserting therein a metallic
plate which shall be in relievo.
13.
Is a full view of the plate partly shown in Fig. 11.
14, 15. Represent a set of dies for forming the inner cap of a
watch case.
16.
Represent plates for inlaying.
The process of attaching a metallic hinge to any article made of
hard rubber or other material while such article is being moulded is
substantially as follows:-A plate of metal a is cut out, struck up, or
otherwise formed to correspond in form with the part of the article to
which it is to be fixed. For attachment to a watch case it will be shaped
as represented in Figure 6 curved to the form of the case; to such plate
are soldered the two small tube sections 1, 1, to form one part of the
hinge. A similar plate a¹, Figure 10, having a single tube section 2
soldered thereto, and so placed thereon that when the two plates a, a',
are brought together the tube section 2 will enter between the tube
sections 1, 1, and such tube sections 1, 2, 1, form a continuous tube
constitutes the other part of the hinge. In one of the dies, Figure 3,
at the place where it is desired to fix the hinge in the article to be
moulded are cut two recesses or cavities 3, 3, of a size and depth a
little greater than the hinge or tube sections 1, 1, so that when the
plate a is placed on the die and the tubes 1, 1, enter the cavities 3, 3,
and pressure is applied to the dies (the material to be moulded being
placed between or within the dies and over the plate a) the pressure
will be upon and against the plate a, and the tube or hinge sections 1, 1,
will be protected against being flattened or in any manner injured.
Such plate a can be held more truly and firmly in position during the
operation of forming the article by means of little pins 4, 4, 4, which
project from such plate on the same side with the tube sections 1, 1, and

page_text: which enter into corresponding holes made in the die, as shown in
Figure 3. Upon the opposite side of such plate a on the side over and
against which the material to be moulded is to be pressed, are fixed
two or three or any required number of blunt pins or projections 5, 5, 5,
Figures 1 and 6, over and around which the material will be forced
when pressure is applied to the dies; such projections 5, 5, 5, should be
somewhat expanded at their ends, so as to form a sort of head to cause
the uniting of the plate and moulded material to be more perfect,
and the sides of such projections may also be made rough or barbed.
In articles in the use of which there is likely to be much tension or
strain upon the metallic hinge, the heading and barbing of the pro-
jections 5, 5, 5, is more important; in small articles such construction
particularly as to the barbs is less necessary. The edges of such plate a
over which the material is intended to be pressed may also be bevelled,
so that a sort of dovetail joint will be formed by or between the metallic
plate and the enclosing or covering material.
Figure 1 represents one of the dies for forming a watch rim with
a plate a in position within it and ready to receive the material to be
moulded; Figure 2 shows the complement die to Figure 1, with a
watch rim of india-rubber resting within it; Figure 3 shows the same
die, Figure 1, previous to the plate a being placed in position; Figure 4
is the central part of the die and around which the watch rim is formed.
In making an article, as the central rim of a watch case, upon either
side of which other parts are to be hinged both the dies, Figures 1 and 2,
will require to be cut or recessed, as shown in Figure 3, so as to receive
a plate a and attach it to each side of the rim; but if a hinge is required
upon but one side of such article then only one of the dies will have
to be recessed. The plate a¹, Figure 10, upon which is the counter
part of the hinge, is constructed substantially as before described in
respect to the supporting pins 41, 4, and the projecting points 5', 5¹, 5¹,
to take the moulded material; but as such plate carries but one tube or
hinge section 2, the die in which such plate is to be laid will require
to have made in it but one recess or cavity 3¹, as seen in Figure 8.
The plate a¹ is shown in Figure 9 placed in proper position in the die,
and Figure 8 shows the same die before such plate is laid therein:
The hinge plates a, a', having been properly laid in the appropriate
dies, the material from which the article is to be moulded is placed
between the dies or moulds and pressure applied and the article

page_text: moulded as in ordinary cases. The pressure applied causes the moulded
material to closely cover and very tightly surround the projecting
pins 5, 5¹, or set over and around the bevelled or other edges of the
metallic plate; and after any such article is so moulded and removed
from the moulds, such hinge plates are found to be firmly and
permanently connected to the material moulded and even more firmly
and closely than if rivetted thereto. After the articles are removed from
the moulds the pins 4, 4', are cut off and the article is ready for
use. By such process the article is moulded and the metallic hinge
firmly and permanently attached thereto by one and the same operation,
and without expense or cost after the dies are once prepared except
merely to form the hinge plates.
If it is desired to inlay the surface of the moulded material with
metallic plates, figures, or devices, such as shown in Figure 16, or
of any pattern or device, and so that the surface of the metal and the
moulded material shall be uniform or smooth, the plate, figure, or design
to be inlaid is laid on the surface of the proper die, as shown in Figure 7,
and held therein in its desired location either by steadying pins like 4, 4',
or by means of a little varnish or suitable adhesive substance; when
the plate to be inlaid is continuous, as shown in Figure 16, its edges
may be bevelled as before described, and it may also have upon it if
desired projecting points, as 5, 5', to enter the moulded material. If
the part to be inlaid is openwork the bevelling of the edges or the
projecting pins will not be so essential. The inlaying plate or design
having been properly secured, and the material placed between the
dies and pressure applied, the material being moulded will be forced
over and around such plate, figure, or device, and the latter will be
firmly and tightly connected to the former.
If it is desired to inlay the surface of the moulded material and have
the inlaid figure or design be in relievo in respect to the surface,
the surface of the face die is recessed or cut away in the shape of
the figure or design desired to be in relievo to a depth equal to the
extent or heighth to which the figure is to stand out in relief. The
metallic plate which is to be thus inlaid having been fitted with pro-
jecting points to take the moulded material or having had its edges
bevelled, when these are considered necessary, is laid in such recess or
seat, and the material to be moulded placed between the dies and
pressure applied as in other cases, by means of which the moulded

page_text: material will be forced tightly around the inlaying plate; and when
the article is taken from the dies, the inlaid figure will stand out from
the surface as much as the depth of the recess in the die. Figure 11
represents a die properly prepared for so inlaying a figure in relief;
and Figure 13 is a full view of the figure in part seen in Figure 11.
By my process or Invention there is thus performed and by one
and the same operation, 1st, the moulding or shaping of the article
heretofore done by one or the first operation; 2nd, the shaping or
configuring the surface to receive any inlaid or inserted plate or
design which has heretofore required a separate process or labor, and
one to be performed after the moulding has been finished; and 3rd,
the fastening the inlaid or inserted plate whatever its form or nature
which has also heretofore had to be done separately and distinct from
the others. The fastening of the inserted plate is also effected without
pins or rivets and more permanently than by their use. The whole
result is thus obtained not only with much greater economy but in
a better manner.
As is well known the surface of the moulded material can be
embossed or figured according to any pattern or device preferred by
engraving or sinking the surface of the mould or die; and it will be
at once apparent that by combining these two processes of embossing
and inlaying, whether in relievo or otherwise, a new and greatly
improved and more beautiful style of ornamentation is at once intro-
duced or rendered possible, and one which is capable of being varied
to an almost unlimited extent.
By such process of inlaying also, as it does away with the necessity
of "letting in" the metallic figure into the moulded article after it
has been moulded, and also with the further operation of riveting or
fastening such plate after the surface has been fitted to receive it,
and as the moulded material is made to perfectly embrace and closely
fit around every part of the inlaid plate, a much more perfect and
artistic operation or result can be obtained than when the metallic
or other plate is inserted in or attached to the article after it is moulded
and fastened by rivets or by any artificial means.
This method or process of attaching any device, as a hinge, to any
article while it is being moulded, or inserting any metallic or other
plate in any such article, and without rendering it necessary to secure
such parts or plates by rivets or the like after the article has been

page_text: moulded, can be used or applied as will be at once evident in the
manufacture of all articles of almost any and every shape, or at least
of all shapes and designs which admit of being formed by moulds or
dies made from hard rubber or gutta percha, buffalo or other horn, bone,
tortoise shell, ivory, or from any substance capable of being softened
by heat or otherwise so as to be pressed into and to take the form
of any moulds or dies, and which after having been so shaped in dies
will retain the form given to it. The pressure requisite to cause any
such material to take the form of any mould is sufficient to cause
the same material to closely surround and tightly grasp or embrace
any plate or device which it may be desired to permanently attach
to or insert in such material.
The plates or designs to be inlaid or inserted need not necessarily
be of metal, but may be of any material which will bear a degree of
heat greater than that required for pressing the substance moulded,
and firm and solid enough that the substance moulded will be forced
over and around the same.
What is claimed as new and what is desired to be protected by Letters
Patent is,-
I. The mode of attaching hinges or joints whether of metal or other
material to articles made from hard rubber, gutta percha, or from
any other substance capable of being moulded in dies, by forcing such
hard rubber or other substance upon and about or over the hinge plate
or equivalent while the article is being moulded, substantially in the
manner described, that is, by forming such joints or hinges with
projecting points upon their back surfaces or with bevelled or serrated
edges, either singly or in combination, so that such hinges or joints
shall be firmly and permanently clasped by and secured in the pressed
material.
II. So constructing and shaping the dies in and by which any
article of hard rubber or other substance capable of being moulded
is to be formed with suitable cavities or recesses, substantially as
described, to receive the different parts of any joint or hinge, and hold
them absolutely in place while the article is being pressed, and so
that the substance may be pressed close around and over the hinge
or joint plate without injuring the joint or hinge.
III. Forming and shaping with projecting points or bevelled or
serrated edges one or both the metallic or other plates, whether of

page_text: solid or perforated or open pattern, designed to be inlaid or inserted,
whether in intaglio, in relievo, or otherwise, in articles made of hard
rubber or other substance capable of being moulded in dies, so that
such rubber or other substance when forced upon and around or over
such metallic or other plates or designs will securely and permanently
hold the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Halsey, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of August, in the year
of our Lord 1868.
WILLIAM HENRY HALSEY. (L.S.)