IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING AND BEAMING."
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Brown, of the Albion Mill, Macclesfield, in the
County of Chester, Silk Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING AND BEAMING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Brown at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1878...
SAMUEL BROWN, of the Albion Mill, Macclesfield, in the County of Chester!
Silk Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING AND BEAMING."
My Invention consists of improved machinery for making warps for weaving
silk, cotton, and other fibrous materials.
The first part of my Invention consists of an improved warping mill. The yarns
are put on the reel in layers, and overlapping each other. When the requisite
number is wound on the reel they all come off together on to the beam. Two reels
are supplied with the mill, and are interchangeable, so that as soon as one is full it
is replaced by the other; the mill is thus kept continually at work. The yarns
pass through needles, which are raised when required to take the lease. The reels
are secured in their places by means of two chucks. Each chuck is attached to
two short shafts, which work in a frame constructed with two outside bearings, to
allow for an end motion when giving a traverse to the threads. This end motion
On the other chuck
is produced by means of a pair of change wheels and a screw.
shaft is fitted a worm which gears into the counting motion, which indicates the
length of the warp, and to which is attached a striking apparatus to sound the bell
at stated lengths. The machine is started and stopped by means of a strap
fork extending the length of the frame.
The second part of my Invention relates to the beaming machine for taking the
material off the reel and placing it on the weaver's beam. The reel is fixed in the
chucks of the machine, and kept tight by means of two break pulleys. It has an
end motion, as before described, for the purpose of moving the reel as the warp is

page_text: unwound. The whole of the warp then passes horizontally, over another wood
roller. This roller has two motions, namely, a revolving motion and a horizontal
reciprocating motion, which I produce by means of a pair of wheels, the pinion
being wider than the large wheel to allow the large wheel to move endways. On
the boss of the large wheel is formed a cylindrical right and left hand screw or cam,
and underneath is a bowl to work in a groove in the boss. This wheel runs loose
on the end of the axle fixed in the wood roller. As the wheel moves to and fro it
carries the roller by means of the two collars along with it.
The reciprocal motion of the roller is for the purpose of crossing the yarns on
the beam, and thereby facilitating their coming off in weaving.
The two wood rollers may be replaced by copper rollers, which are heated for
drying when used for sizing, at the same time as the warp is being made.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th July
1878.
SAMUEL BROWN, of the Albion Mill, Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Silk
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING AND BEAMING."
My Invention consists, first, of improved machinery for making warps for
weaving silk, cotton, and other fibrous materials.
The second part of my Invention consists in an improved beaming machine for
taking the material off the reel and placing it on the weaver's beam without the use
of flanges.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
On Sheet 1 Fig. 1 is an elevation of my improved machinery for warping, and
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.
a is the creel carrying the bobbins on which the yarn to be made into a warp is
wound. This creel is mounted on wheels, and the rails supporting the bobbins are set
at an angle, with the,back end higher and wider than the front, to allow the yarns to
pass each other as usual. To the front end of the creel is fixed a bracket supporting
the open rced b, from which the yarns are taken through the eyes of the needles c, one,
of which is shewn full size in Fig. 3. These needles are suspended by threads to
the frame d, which is fixed to the movable. standard e and to the light frame f.
Each needle c is weighted by a lingoe c', as shewn in Fig. 1. The yarns from the
.needles c are taken over and under the lease rods g and h, which are supported in
the light frame f above referred to. This frame is fixed to the double bush i, which
is made to slide to and fro on the bars j, j. These bars connect the two end frames
k, k¹, to each of which is, bolted an outside frame 1, . The yarn on leaving the
lease rod is taken through the short reed n, which is fixed in a tumbler frame n'
jointed to the double bush i, and it is then wound on the reel o, the axle of which

page_text: is supported in chucks fixed at the
bearings in the frames k, k, and 1, .
ends of the shafts m, m³, which revolve in
Between the lease rod h and the reed n'is a
rod h which is laid on the yarns before the ends are cut.
I prefer to make the reels with light malleable cast-iron spokes supporting wood
staves, as shewn. To the end frame is fixed the stud for the driving pulley P,
on the boss of which is the change pinion p¹, gearing into the wheel m² connected
to the shaft m by a key and groove; by this means the requisite rotary motion is
given to the reel. On the boss of the wheel m² is fixed the worm m³ gearing into
the counting wheel q, which strikes the bell q₁ when the reel has made a certain
number of revolutions.
The end to-and-fro motion is imparted to the reel to distribute the yarn by
means of the screw shaft r, on which is keyed the spur wheel gearing into
the flanged pinion m* keyed on the shaft m'. This wheel and pinion are changed
for others of different diameters to suit different classes of work. The end of the
screw shaft takes into an internal thread in the boss of the pulley 2, and this
boss is supported in the end frame 1. The lever ³ hinged to the frame
stop the pulley 2 when required. Above the bars j,j, is the starting rod 8, which
reaches from one frame to the other, and at the end of the rod s is the strap
fork 8¹.
1°
is to
The mode of operation is as follows:-When the machine is ready for starting,
the light frame f, with the parts connected thereto and the reel a, are brought in a
line near one end of the reel o, and the ends of the yarns are secured to the reel.
The machine is then set to work to wind the yarns on the reel, the end to-an-fro
motion of the reel giving a traverse motion to the yarns. When the reel has
performed the desired number of revolutions the machine is stopped, and the
attendant cuts the yarns and secures their ends to the reel. The frame f with the
reel a are then moved laterally, so as to distribute the yarn on another portion of
the reel, and these operations are repeated until the required quantity of yarn to
make a warp has been wound on the reel. When the reel is full it is released from
the machine by sliding back the clutch box on the shaft m, and an empty reel is put
in its place.
The full reel is then taken to my improved beaming machine, shewn in Figs. 4
and 5 of Sheet 2. This machine consists of two parts, one of which is movable
and the other stationary. The movable part is composed of the two frames t, with
outer frames t¹ supporting the shafts with chucks t². The full reel o is supported
between the two chucks, and the requisite tension is given to the yarn as it is
unwound by weighted cords passing around brake pulleys, as shewn in the Drawing.
The reel is moved to and fro endwise when required by the screw shaft u, nut u¹
fixed to the end frame t¹, and the handle u, the wheel u³ on the screw shaft gearing
into the flanged pinion 3. On leaving the reel o the warp threads pass over the
guide roller v to the roller w, which are placed at a sufficient distance apart to
enable the attendants to inspect the threads and remove impurities.
The roller w is supported in bearings in the stationary part of the machine,
which consists of the end frames x, x, and an outer frame x. In this outer frame
is a stud for the pulley x², to which is fixed a pinion a³ gearing into the wheel y'
on the short shaft y, the inner end of which gives motion to the weaver's beam z
on which the warp is wound. To the shaft y is fixed the long pinion y gearing
into the wheel loose on the axle of the roller w, which has a reciprocating
horizontal motion imparted to it by the grooved cam w² fixed to the wheel w',
which cam fits on a bowl mounted on a stationary stud fixed to the end frame.
The reciprocating motion of the roller w is for the purpose of crossing the yarns
or threads on the weaver's beam 2, and thereby facilitating their coming off in the
loom.
The rollers and w may be replaced by heated copper rollers for drying when
the warp is sized in the beaming machine.
When the driving strap put on the pulley ² the beam z is turned slowly
round, and the warp threads are gradually unwound off the reel o and wound
•

page_text: on the beam z, the amount of tension on the warp depending upon the friction
given.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First. The general combination and arrangement of the parts forming my
improved machinery for warping and beaming.
Secondly. The improved mode of supporting the reels of warping and beaming
machines and traversing them to and fro endwise, as shewn, and for the purposes
described.
Thirdly. The needles marked c, when used in the manner described.
And, Fourthly. Imparting a to-and-fro motion endwise to the roller w to traverse
the yarn as it is wound on the weaver's beam.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Brown, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twentieth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-eight