Improved Apparatus for Drying Yarns in Hanks.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Drying Yarns in Hanks.
ROBERT HENRY READE, Merchant, WILLIAM KENNEDY, Factory Manager and
JAMES MALLON, Factory Foreman all of York Street Mills, Belfast, Ireland do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This improved apparatus is designed especially for drying wet yarns in the form
or shapo of hanks and consists of arrangements for giving different movements to the
yarn during the drying process.
When drying the yarn in this improved apparatus, the yarn is suspended upon
fluted poles, to the upper of these alternating rotary motion is given.
Suspended inside, at the bottom of the banks of yarn are also flutod poles which
are temporarily attached or connected to a frame by a system of catches and weighted
levers, and to these fluted poles a backward and forward motion is given so as to
swing the yarn to and fro, and also at suitable intorvals the bottom poles are lifted
off the yarn and are brought down suddenly into contact therewith so as to shake the
yarn, in order to imitate with increased efficiency the action of the attendants in
drying lofts when turning and shaking the yarn to keep it from becoming matted,
twisted, or coiled together and to detach excrescences.
These various motions are given to the yarn by making the upper or supporting
fluted poles with axles at each end and placing the axles at one end in bearings, the
axles at the other end of the fluted poles are placed in keyed sockets to which an
alternating rotary motion is given, and also different speeds at certain suitable
times.
The lower fluted poles are suspended in the hanks of yarn and have axles at each
end and are attached by catches and weighted levers or by hooks to a frame, carried
on slides, runners or chains, which can be raised or depressed to give the desired
tension to the yarns.
To this frame is given a back and forward motion by an eccentric or tappet on the
driving shaft of the apparatus.
When it is required to shake the yarn a quicker rotary speed is given to the
upper poles and a slower speed to the frame carrying the lower poles, and the frame
is lifted up by being connected to levers upon which the frame becomes poised as it
moves in one direction, and falls into contact with the yarn as it reverts to the
commencement of the stroke.
Both the upper and lower fluted poles can be readily detached from the apparatus
to admit of the removal of the yarn when the drying process is complete and for
refilling the apparatus with wet yarns.
When necessary the hanks can be turned inside out on the fluted poles in order
to make the opening and shaking process more effectual.
By these continuous and varied movements being given to the yarn whilst it is on
the poles and exposed to the air of the drying chamber the operation of drying is
expedited and a lower temperature of air can be used to carry away the moisture
from the yarn.
1
T 1
1000
R. H. READE.
W. KENNEDY.
JAMES MALLON.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Drying Yarns in Hanks.
ROBERT HENRY READE, Merchant WILLIAM KENNEDY, Factory Manngor, and
JANES MALLON Factory Foreman, all of York Street Mills, Bellast Ireland do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This improved apparatus is designed especially for drying wet yarns in the form or
shape of hanks, and consists of arrangements for giving different movements to the
yarn during the drying process.
The nature of this improved apparatus for drying yarns in hanks will bo under-
stood from the following description, reference being made to the drawings herowith
in which the same letters and figures of reference always apply to the same or like
parts, and in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of so much of the apparatus as is
necessary to explain the different parts and their connections. Fig. 2 is an end
elevation of the apparatus. Figs. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. are detached views of parts
upon a larger scale for the purpose of clear explanation.
When drying yarn in this improved apparatus the yarn (a) in the form of banks
is suspended upon fluted poles (p) to the upper series (p) of these alternating rotary
motion is given.
Suspended inside at the bottom of the hanks of yarn (a) are also a series of fluted
poles (p) which are temporarily attached or connected to a frame or pair of bottom
rails (e) by a system of catches or weighted levers (r) and to these lower fluted
poles (p) a backward and forward motion is given so as to swing the yarn (a) to
and fro and also at suitable intervals the bottom poles (p) are lifted off the pendant
yarn (a) and are brought down suddenly into contact therowith so as to shake the
yarn (a) in order to imitate with increased effeciency the action of the attendants
in drying lofts when turning and shaking the yarn to keep it from becoming
matted, twisted, or coiled together and to detach excrescences.
These various motions are given to the yarn by making the upper or supporting
fluted poles (p) with axles at each end and placing the axles at one end in stationary
bearings (b) and at the other end in revolving sockets (b) from which the poles (p)
receive rotary motion.
The poles (p) are prevented from moving end wise by a lever or catch (4) outside
the bearing (b) at the end of the axle.
The poles (p) can also be withdrawn from the key in the driving socket so as not
to revolve therewith and yet be supported therein by lifting the retaining entch (3)
and moving the pole (p) endwise until the catch (6) falls into a groove turned in
the axle.
The driving end of the fluted poles (p) are placed in keyed sockets (b) to which
alternating rotary motion is given and also different speels at certain suitable times
by means of worm wheels (2) on the keyed sockets (b) these wheels (6) being
driven by worms (c) upon a shaft (c') extending the length of the machine and
receiving its motion through a set of heval wheels (c) from the driving pulley (d)
which is connected to one or other speed or disconnected by means of a double
friction clutch (d') controlled by the attendant through a hand lever (²).
The alternating rotary motion is given to the fluted poles (7) by moans of bevel
wheels (e) one of which is attached to the worm shaft (c) and is connected to the
driving slift by means of a clutch (h) which is attached to the driving shaft by a
feather key and as the clutch (4) gears into one or other of the bevels (c³) the
direction of the rotation of the worm shaft (c) is changed.
This clutch () is put into gear with one or other of the bevel wheels (c) by
means of a tumbling weighted lover (1) which is acted upon by projections on a
disc (i) driven from the worm, shaft (c) these projections can be set to give a
greater or less number of revolutions to the worm shaft (c) in one direction or the otlier.
The lower fluted poles (p¹) are suspended in the banks of yarn (a) and have axles

page_text: at each end and are attached by means of weighted levers (r) to a frame or pair of
rails (e) carried on chains (f) which can be raised or lowered to give the desired
tension to the yarns by means of pulleys (1) on shafts (*) extending across the
machine so as to control each end of the lower poles (p¹).
On the ends of these shafts (2) are wheels (3) acted on by worms on a shaft (*)
extending to the end of the machine and on which is a hand wheel (*) by which
the attendant can raise or lower both ends of all the lower poles (p') simultaneously.
To the lower frame or pair of rails (e) a back and forward motion is given by
means of rods (9) connected to a pair of eccentrics (9') on the lower driving
shaft (g) of the apparatus which can be stopped or driven at a quicker or slower
speed by shifting the driving belt on to one or other of the three pulleys (9³).
When it is required to shake the yarn (a) a quicker speed is given to the upper
poles (p) and a slower oscillation to the bottom poles (p²) in the yarn (a) and the
weighted levers (r) are jammed' down with the axles of the lower poles (p¹) against
the upper edge of the swinging rails (e) by means of sliding bars (e) underneath
the rails (e) and which have pins or projections on them by which the lower portion
of the levers (r) are caught thus fastening the axles of the bottom poles (p¹) to the
swinging rails (e).
Attached to the underside of the swinging rails (e) are projections (m) in which
are hinged legs (m) that can only swing in one direction and when it is required to
lift the bottom poles (p²) off the pendant yarn (a) a wedge or inclined plane (n) is
lifted up by means of a lever (¹) and as the legs (m²) move in one direction they
come in contact with the inclined planes (n) and so the swinging rails (e) and
bottom poles (p) become poised on the legs (m) and off the yarn (a) and when the
legs (m) pass the upper end of the inclined planes (n) the poles drop suddenly into
contact with the yarn (a) so as to shake it.
On the return movement the hinged legs (m³) bend over the upper end of the
inclined planes (n) without lifting the rails (e) and revert to their vertical position
to lift the rails (e) and poles as they are moved forward again by the eccentrics (9').
The upper and lower poles are made with a metal tube through the centre and
to which the axles are welded, the tubes are surrounded by lags of wood see detail
section fig. 5.
Both the upper and lower fluted poles can be readily detached from the apparatus
to admit of the removal of the yarn when the drying process is complete and for
refilling the apparatus with wet yarn, the upper poles by moving them end wise until
the driving end is free of the key in the socket (6) and angling the pole until the
axles rest upon the supporting rails above the bearings, the lower poles are removed
by simply raising the side rails (e) by means of their supporting chains and
withdrawing the poles from under the weighted levers.
When necessary the hanks can be turned inside out on the fluted poles in order to
make the opening and shaking process more effectual.
By these continuous and varied movements being given to the yarn whilst it is on
the poles and exposed to the air of the drying chamber the operation of drying is
expedited and a lower temperature of air can be used to carry away the moisture
from the yarn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The giving to yarn during the process of drying a swinging and shaking motion
whilst it is revolving on the suspensory poles by means of apparatus as herein
described and illustrated or any mere modification thereof.
R. H. READE.
W. KENNEDY.
JAMES MALLON.