IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Anderson, of 367, Liverpool Road, Islington, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Anderson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th October 1876.
GEORGE ANDERSON, of 367, Liverpool Road, Islington, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in ventilators.
For the purpose of ventilating buildings I employ an apparatus consisting of four
or a greater or lesser number of vertical pipes arranged at equal distances around a
centre; at their lower ends these pipes communicate with the room or space to be
ventilated, and each pipe is divided into two parts by a vertical partition, which is
set radially to the centre point around which the tubes are arranged, as already
stated. There are also four other partitions, each of which is midway between two
of the pipes, and these partitions also radiate from the same centre point of which
however they stop short by some distance. Facing these partitions there are long
vertical slits in the pipes for the escape of foul air, and the approach to each slit is
guarded by inclines to direct the air in the course most favorable to its escape and
to prevent the wind blowing into the pipes.
It will be observed that in whichever direction the wind blows it will pass
between the pipes and the partitions, and just at the points where the space is most
contracted, and the current consequently most rapid there are openings in the pipes,
and consequently induced currents are set up from the pipes outwards, and this
action is favored by the position of the guards directing the issuing currents in
the same course with the wind currents between the pipes.
For the purpose of ventilating railway carriages as the draught will always be in
one or other of two directions, two will be sufficient, and these may be used with or
without partitions; or a single pipe may be used with slits and inclined guards on
its opposite sides, and with vertical plates or partitions fixed in front of these slita

page_text: at a short distance from the pipe. Similar arrangements may also be used for
withdrawing air from openings at the top of ventilating pipes instead of from
openings at their side.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Anderson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th April
1877.
GEORGE ANDERSON, of 367, Liverpool Road, Islington, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in ventilators.
For the purpose of ventilating buildings I employ an apparatus consisting of four
or a greater or lesser number of vertical pipes arranged at equal distances around a
centre; at their lower ends these pipes communicate with the room or space to be
ventilated, and each pipe is divided into two parts by a vertical partition which is
set radially to the centre point around which the tubes are arranged, as already
stated. There are also four other partitions, each of which is midway between two
of the pipes, and these partitions also radiate from the same centre point of which
however they stop short by some distance. Facing these partitions there are long
vertical slits in the pipes for the escape of foul air, and the approach to each slit is
guarded by inclines to direct the air in the course most favorable to its escape and
to prevent the wind blowing into the pipes.
It will be observed that in whichever direction the wind blows it will pass
between the pipes and the partitions, and just at the points where the space is most
contracted, and the current consequently most rapid there are openings in the
pipes, and consequently reduced currents are set up from the pipes outwards, and
this action is favoured by the position of the guards directing the issuing currents
in the same course with the wind currents between the pipes.
For the purpose of ventilating railway carriages as the draught will always be in
one or other of two directions two pipes will be sufficient, and these may be used
with or without partitions; or a single pipe may be used with slits and inclined
guards on its opposite sides, and with vertical plates or partitions fixed in front of
these slits at a short distance from the pipe. Similar arrangements may also be
used for withdrawing air from openings at the top of ventilating pipes instead of
from openings at their side.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a four tube ventilator constructed according to my
Invention; Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same to a larger scale; the section
is taken at the line 1, 1, in Figure 1. a is a shaft or flue communicating with the
upper part of the room or space to be ventilated, it terminates at its upper end in a
chamber b, and from the top of this chamber the four upright pipes c, c, spring.
The pipes c are closed at their upper ends and they support an ornamental cap d.
c', cl, are partitions within the pipes c, and c¹¹, cl, are longitudinal slits or openings
in them; c, c1, are inclined guards or guides fixed within the pipes c at each of
the slits or openings c¹ to direct the outgoing currents of air; e, e, are vertical
partitions between the pipes; they serve to direct the wind currents, and in con-
junction with the exterior of the tubes they form passages for these currents,
which are contracted at the slits or openings c¹¹ and widen out on either side of
them.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of a ventilator formed with three pipes c and
otherwise similar to that shown at Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of a ventilator with two pipes c.
This form is

page_text: adapted for use on railway carriages or on other structures where the wind currents
are likely to be in one or other of two opposite directions. Figure 5 is a horizontal
section of a ventilator with but one pipe c; it has a partition c¹ within it and
two external partitions or wind guides e. This form is also suited for use on railway
carriages.
As already stated similar arrangements may be resorted to for the purpose of
withdrawing air from openings at the top of a pipe or ventilating channel. Figure 6
is a vertical section of such an arrangement. c is the ventilating pipe or channel;
it has at the top a longitudinal slit or opening c¹¹ at which inclined guards or
guides are stationed, and there is also an external wind guide e, as in the other
arrangements. In all of the forms above described the construction is substantially
similar; in each there is a pipe c with a slit or opening in it, and there are within
the pipe inclined guides or guards c¹¹, and exterior to the pipe there is a wind guide,
forming in conjunction with the pipe a wind channel which is most contracted
where it passes the slit or opening c¹ and widens out either way in passing
from it.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim the construction of
ventilators, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Anderson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
GEORGE ANDERSON. (L.S.)