AN IMPROVEMENT IN DRAWING HEADS FOR MACHINERY FOR SPREADING, DRAWING, OR TWISTING HEMP AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE HOLDING ROLLS OF HECKLING MACHINES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents, 66,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN DRAWING HEADS FOR MACHINERY FOR
SPREADING, DRAWING, OR TWISTING HEMP AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE HOLDING ROLLS OF HECKLING MACHINES."
communication from abroad by John Good, of Brooklyn, in the State of New
York, United States of America.
A.
Scaled the 11th March 1879, and dated the 13th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1878.
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN DRAWING
HEADS FOR MACHINERY FOR SPREADING, DRAWING, OR TWISTING HEMP AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE HOLDING ROLLS OF
HECKLING MACHINES." [A communication from abroad by John Good, of
Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States of America.]
The Invention consists in a combination with drawing, condensing, or holding
rollers having india rubbber jackets or sleeves applied to them of freely moving
endless belts or bands of leather or other suitable material arranged to partially
encircle or receive within them said rollers. By clothing said rollers with an elastic
material, springs or weights applied to the ends of the rollers may be dispensed
with for producing the necessary grip of the rollers on the fibrous material under
operation, and any bunch or irregular obstruction passing in between the rollers,
instead of lifting or tipping one end of the latter, or of unduly opening the space
between the rollers throughout their length, will simply affect the portions of said
rollers which meet with the obstruction, thus causing the rollers to more effectually
perform their proper functions, and only to yield where the irregular obstruction

page_text: occurs, as well as insuring a firmer and better hold on the fibrous material and
doing less injury to the fibre than when the rollers present a rigid surface to it;
likewise allowing of a firmer or more solid adjustment of the rollers than when the
Such rubber
latter are controlled by springs or weights applied to their ends.
clothing of the rollers however only imperfectly attains the desired result, and the
freely moving endless belts or bands which partially encircle and receive said rollers
within them not only serve to protect the india rubber clothing from injury but to
prevent the fibrous material under operation from lapping round the roller or rollers.
Said rubber clothing and endless belts or bands it is preferred to apply to the several
rollers which work together in order to get the greatest elastic effect upon the
fibrous material passing in between them, but one only or any number of rollers in
a series may have the Invention applied thereto, and when used in connection with
a drawing head it need not necessarily be applied to the condensing rollers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
May 187
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING
HEADS FOR MACHINERY FOR SPREADING, DRAWING, OR TWISTING HEMP AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE HOLDING ROLLS OF
HECKLING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by John Good, of
Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States of America.
This Invention is more particularly intended to be applied to the drawing heads
of machines for drawing and spreading hemp and other fibrous materials, but it is
also applicable to the holding rollers of heckling machines. It will suffice here
however to more particularly describe the Invention as applied to drawing
heads.
The Invention consists in a combination with drawing, condensing, or holding
rollers having india-rubber jackets or sleeves applied to them, of freely moving
endless belts or bands of leather or other suitable material arranged to partially
encircle or receive within them said rollers. By clothing said rollers with an elastic
material, the application to the ends of the rollers of springs or weights for pro-
ducing the necessary grip of the rollers on the fibrous material under operation may
be dispensed with, and any bunch or irregular obstruction passing in between the
rollers, instead of lifting or tipping one end of the latter, or of unduly opening the
space between the rollers throughout their length, will simply affect the portions of
said rollers which meet with the obstruction, thus the rollers will be enabled the
more effectually to perform their proper functions (by reason of their yielding only
at the point where the irregular obstruction occurs) and do less injury to the fibre
than when the rollers present a rigid surface to it.
Moreover a firmer or more solid
adjustment of the rollers will be secured than can be obtained by the use of springs
or weights applied to their ends. Such rubber clothing of the rollers however only
imperfectly attains the desired result, and the freely moving endless belts or bands,
which partially encircle and receive said rollers between them, not only serve to
protect the india-rubber clothing from injury but prevent the fibrous material under
operation from lapping round the roller or rollers. Said rubber clothing and endless
belts or bands it is preferred to apply to the several rollers which work together in
order to get the greatest elastic effect upon the fibrous material passing in between
them, but one only or any number of rollers in a series may have the Invention
applied thereto, and when used in connection with a drawing head it need not
necessarily be applied to the condensing rollers.
The object or objects and nature of the Invention having been indicated, its
description will be proceeded with in reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a drawing head constructed in accordance
with the Invention, and as applied to a drawing frame for drawing hemp, those
parts of the machine not necessary to illustrate the Invention being omitted. Fig. 2
is a sectional plan of the same on the line x, x; and Fig. 3, a transverse section,
upon a larger scale through one of the rollers of the drawing head having the
Invention applied.
A, A, indicate parts of the framing of the drawing frame, and B indicates part
of the endless chain of gill pins. The drawing head which receives the fibrous
material, and to which said material may be directed by a conductor C, is here
represented as constructed or provided with a pair of drawing rollers D, D¹, but the
Invention is not restricted to any particular number of rollers. E is a condensing
conductor for passing the fibrous material after it leaves the drawing rollers to
condensing or delivery rollers G, G¹.
The drawing rollers D, D¹, as also the condensing rollers G, G¹, are respectively
geared together by cog wheels b, b, and c, c, to insure their working in unison, and a

page_text: positive driving motion is communicated by means of gears d, e, f, g, and pulleys h, i,
to one of the drawing rollers and condensing rollers respectively.
The upper or one of said drawing rollers D, D¹, and the upper or one of said
condensing rollers G, G¹, are adjustable by means of screws in their end bearings
to vary the distance apart of the drawing rollers and condensing rollers respectively
from one another, but said end bearings are preferably free from any elastic action
or yielding movement.
Each of these rollers D, D¹, or G, G¹, is clothed by a properly tempered india-
rubber sleeve l which provides for any necessary yielding movement of the acting
surface of the rollers at the place where a bunch or irregular obstruction in the
fibrous material under operation attempts to pass them, without affecting the
remaining portion of the acting surface of the rollers or without tipping the rollers
at their ends. Such elastic clothing also gives a firmer and better hold on the
fibrous material under operation, and protects said material from the injury which
is incidental to passing it between rollers having metallic acting surfaces.
H, H, are endless belts or bands of leather or any other suitable flexible material
arranged to partially encircle and receive within them the drawing rollers D, D',
and condensing rollers G, G¹. These belts or bands are passed around adjustable
idlers M, M, at their ends opposite to those which receive the rollers D, D¹, and G, G¹,
within them to insure for them a free and easy travel by the friction or contact of
the fibrous material passing through between them outside of the rollers which they
partially encircle. Said belts or bands should be of a width corresponding with
the length of said rollers, or nearly so, and perform the important duty of not only
protecting the india-rubber sleeves from injury, but of preventing the fibrous
material under operation as it passes between the rollers from lapping around the
latter.
It is not absolutely necessary that any more than the drawing rollers of the
drawing head should be elastically clothed and protected by freely moving bands as
described, and in some cases only one of said rollers may be thus clothed and
protected, or each of them may have the india-rubber clothing applied to them and
the endless belt or band applied to only one of them. A like partial elastic clothing
or protection of the acting surfaces by endless belts or bands may be applied to
the condensing rollers as well. It is preferred however to apply the elastic sleeves
or clothing to the several rollers, and when an endless protecting belt or band is
used in connection with either of them to make the same as long as convenient for
the purpose of extending or spreading the wear.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improvement in
Drawing Heads for Machinery for Spreading, Drawing, or Twisting Hemp and
other Fibrous Materials, Applicable also to the Holding Rolls of Heckling Machines,"
as communicated to me from abroad, and explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited
Letters Patent I claim,-
In machines for working hemp and other fibrous material, the combination with
drawing and condensing or holding rollers, or either of them, of india-rubber
sleeves or coverings applied to said rollers or one or more of them, and freely
moving endless belts or bands arranged to partially encircle and receive said
elastically clothed rollers within them, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)