Year: 1886

page_text: 1886
Date of Application, 22nd Oct.,
Complete Left, 21st July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 23rd Aug., 1887,
I, JOHN YEADON, of Idle, near Bradford, in the County of York, Heald Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to novel and useful improvements in healds employed in
looms for weaving; and its object is to make the portion of the heald, which comes
in contact with the warp threads, more durable, and at the same time retain the
flexibility of the common heald formed of fibrous material.
For this purpose I employ a combination of fibrous material or thread, and metal
or other suitable substance for forming the heald. The portion of the heald formed
of metal or other suitable substance is herein after called the continuous mail it being
a continuation of or connected to the mail, and of such a length that it extends
outside the warp on each side when the shed, is open. The said continuous mail is
connected by thread or other suitable material to the top and bottom shafts in a
similar manner to that employed for connecting ordinary mails.
The continuous mails may be formed of double wire suitably twisted to form an
eye at each end, by which the above mentioned heald threads are attached for securing
them to the shafts, and also to form an eye at or about the centre through which the
warp thread is passed.. Single wire of round or rectangular section may also be used
to make the said continuous mails, holes being punched therein to form the above
mentioned eyes, or other suitable substances may be used for this purpose.
In some cases a fibrous or metallic guard thread is passed through the top and
bottom eyes of the continuous mails thereby preventing the said mails from damaging
the warp if the heald thread or other substance supporting the same is accidentally
broken.
For special purposes the said guard thread may be used to support the continuous
mails their other connections being dispensed with. The said guard threads in this
case are either continuous or formed in sections and connected at intervals to the
shafts.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Healds Employed in Looms for Weaving.
I, JOHN YEADON, of Idle, near Bradford, in the County of York, Heald Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
1
This invention relates to novel and useful improvements in healds employed in
looms for weaving, and its object is to make that portion of the heald which comes in
contact with the warp during the process of weaving more durable and at the same
time retain the flexibility of the common heald formed of fibrous material.
For this purpose I employ a combination of heald thread and metal to form the
heald. The metal portion of such heald is herein after called the continuous mail it
being a continuation of or connected to the mail and of such a length that it extends
outside the warp on each side when the shed is open. The said continuous mail is
connected by heald thread to the top and bottom shafts in a similar manner to that
employed for connecting ordinary mails.
A fibrous or metallic guard thread is passed through the top and bottom eyes of
the continuous mails thereby preventing such mails from damaging the warp if the
heald threads which support them are accidentally broken.
For special purposes the said guard thread may be used to support the continuous
mails their other connections being dispensed with. In this case the said guard
threads are connected at intervals to the top and bottom shafts.
In order to fully describe my invention reference is to be had to the accompanying
drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 represents a front view of a portion of a 'shaft of healds constructed in
accordance with my invention. Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 is also a front view of a portion of a shaft of healds illustrating the
application of my invention when the healds are "overthrown," adapting them to be
used when the warp threads are very close together. Figure 4 is a section of
the same.
Figure 5 shows two forms of continuous mails.
Figure 6 represents a front view of a shaft of healds in which the continuous mails
are mounted on a metallic guard thread attached at intervals to the shafts. Figure 7
is a section of the same.
The continuous mails A are sufficiently long to extend above and below the warp
when the shed is open for the passage of the shuttle thus the wear and tear occasioned
by the up and down motion of the healds through the warp is entirely upon the
continuous mails A. Such continuous mails are formed with a central eye B through
which the warp is passed, and eyes C are also provided at each end to enable them to
be attached above and below to the shafts D by means of the looped heald yarn or

page_text: thread E which is knitted in the ordinary way to the ridge band F running along the
top and bottom of the upper and lower shafts respectively. By this means of attach-
ment the flexibility of the heald is preserved and consequently inequalities in the warp
more readily pass through the eye B. The guard threads G are formed of flat wire,
they are passed through the eyes C and prevent the continuous mail becoming
entangled with the warp in case any of the loops E break.
The upper and lower shafts D are preferably connected at each end by the con-
necting pieces H so as to keep the parts together when the set of healds are being
removed from the loom.
In figures 3 and 4 the healds are "overthrown," the loops E attaching the con-
tinuous mails to the top shaft being alternately passed down opposite sides of the top
shaft D, they are thus alternately out of line and therefore allow more room for the
warp to pass the eyes B.
In figures 6 and 7 the guard wires G are made stouter and are only connected at
intervals to the top and bottom shafts D by means of the heald thread E attaching
three of the continuous mails at intervals to the top and bottom shafts D. The
remainder of the continuous mails are supported by the guard wires G thus the spaces
between the healds may be adjusted to adapt them for different counts of warp by
sliding the connections E along the shafts D.
The continuous mail A, shown on a larger scale in figure 5, is made in the ordinary
manner of wire healds from fine wire bent and twisted to the form shown. A¹ is
made from wire of flat section with the eyes B and C punched therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
1. In a heald, the combination with continuous mails or heald wires formed long
enough to project above and below the warp when the shed is open, of looped heald
yarn connecting said mails to the top and bottom shafts, and guard threads or wires
threaded through the top and bottom eyes in the said mails, substantially as herein
shown and described.
2. In a heald, the combination with said mails, of guard wires adapted to support
said mails and connected to the top and bottom shafts at intervals substantially as
herein shown and described and for the purpose specified.
DL. 10:1 JT. 11007
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Agents.