An Improved Windmill.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 1st July, 1891-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Windmill.
I, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Evert De Witt of Hanford California, U.S:A.,
Inventor) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved windmill, more especially applicable for
pumping, but which may also be applied to other purposes.
A windmill made in accordance with this invention, comprises a stand or pedestal
of convenient height having a table or the like at its top capable of being horizontally
rotated. The wind-wheel is carried by a crank-shaft horizontally journalled in
bearings upon the revoluble table aforesaid. A U-shaped piece of metal projects
upwardly from the table aforesaid and carries at its upper end a beam or lever
which is centrally pivoted thereto.
One end of this rocking beam or lever is pivoted to one end of a pitman which
connects it with the crank aforesaid. The pivot-pin which connects the pitman to
the beam is adapted to slide in a slot, in the end of the beam, and is adapted to be
retained by suitable means-near to, or farther away from the central pivot of
the beam in order to regulate the throw of the pump or other rod. The pump or
other rod passes through guides and centrally down the pedestal to the pump or
other mechanism.
Dated this
der of Sontember 1890
J. P. BAYLY,,
Applicant.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Windmill.
I, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a com-
munication to me from abroad by Evert De Witt, of Hanford, California, U.S.A.
Inventor,) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to windmills; and it consists of means, substantially as
hereinafter described and of the peculiar construction set forth, for throwing the
wheel edgewise to the wind to stop its motion, for increasing and decreasing the
length of stroke imparted to the pump-rod, and for automatically controlling such
adjustment in the length of stroke by a separate vane actuated by winds of variable
strength.
In the drawings
Figure 1 is a rear elevation of my improved windmill, the wheel being indicated
by dotted lines.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation, the wheel being similarly indicated.
Fig. 3 is a plan view, the tail being shown in dotted lines in the position to which
it is drawn to stop the operation of the machine.
The letter S designates the support or standard upon which my improved wind-
mill is mounted, and in the upper end of said support is a tubular shaft T, upon
which the framework F of the "head" of the inachine is journalled in bearings tt,
loosely engaging the exterior of said tube. Said frame-work is approximately
L-shaped, the bearings being located at its angle, and is composed of a single
lower piece having near one end journals m.for the main shaft Moft the wheel,
077

page_text: Rising from this lower piece near the tube T is the strong upright U, and from a
point near the centre of the length of said upright extends an upper piece which
carries the upper bearing t, and thence follows approximately the direction of the
rearwardly-extending arm of the lower piece. Although I have specifically
described the frame-work as thus constructed, still it is a matter almost entirely of
preference; but I have found that when such frame-work is constructed in sub-
stantially the manner indicated and illustrated the best results are to be obtained
and the strongest form of frame-work is thus produced.
The upper end of the upright U is laterally bifurcated, and on a pin u, through
said bifurcated end, is pivoted the lever H of the pump. The inner end of this
lever is connected by the rod H' with the piston of the pump, although of course
other suitable machinery besides a pump can be operated by the vertical recipro-
cation of the rod. The outer end of the lever H is provided with the curved sloth,
and a pitman-rod P, having an upper forked end, is connected by a bolt or pin p with
this slot, the lower end of the pitman-rod engaging the crank of the main shaft M
between the bearings m, as will be readily understood. By this construction the
rotation of the wheel imparts a reciprocatory motion to the upper end of the pitman-
rod P, and when said upper end stands at the outer end of the slot h, (which is
preferably the same distance from the pivot-pin u of the lever H as is the point of
connection of the other arm of said lever with the rod H',) the same length of stroke
is given to the pump-rod H' as is imparted by the crank of the main shaft. When,
however, the upper end of the pitman-rod is moved to the inner end of the slot h, it
will be readily seen that the outer arm of the lever H is very much decreased in
length, whereby a much increased length of stroke will be given to the inner end
of the arm of the lever, but will of course necessitate greater power to run the
device.
The wheel of this improved windmill may be of any of the well-known "solid-
wheel" patterns and is of course driven by the force of the wind directly against its
face. The tail A of my improved windmill is mounted in a bracket K, composed,
preferably, of upper and lower members, and a vertical rod passes through
apertures in the inner ends of these members, as well as through apertures in the
rear ends of the two rearwardly-extending arms of the frame, whereby said bracket
is pivoted in said frame. A chain C connects said bracket preferably with the
lower front member of the frame-work, whereby the bracket is prevented from
turning outwardly farther than to a position parallel with the main shaft M, and a
coiled spring c upon said rod k exerts pressure on the bracket, tending to throw it
to its uttermost position with the chain C taut. Secured preferably to the lower
arm of the bracket and at right angles thereto is a stud D of such a length that
when the bracket is turned inwardly on its pivotal rod k this stud will abut against
some fixed portion of the frame-work-as, for instance, the upright U-and cause
the inward motion of the bracket to cease when the tail A has reached a position
in a plane exactly parallel with the face of the wheel. An operating-cord O is con-
nected to this stud and leads under a pulley, and thence preferably upward over
another pulley O' in the top of the frame and down through the tube T to the
ground. When this cord is drawn upon, the bracket K will be drawn inwardly
around its pivot until the stud D strikes the upright U, and at this time the tail A
will stand parallel with the wheel. As the wheel is of the solid-wheel character,
and as this turning will throw it "edge on" to the wind, it will then remain quiet.
As soon as the tension on the cord O is released, the spring c will throw the
bracket K outwardly from the dotted line position of Fig. 3 to the full line position,
whereby the wheel will be caused to face the wind and its operation will recom-
mence.
The letter V designates a supplemental vane or fan, which is carried by a
supplemental bracket e, whose arms are pivoted on the pivot-rod k, which holds the
main bracket, and whose upper arm is extended beyond said pivot and bent at nearly
a right angle, as shown at X. A pitman-rod I connects the free end of this arm X
with the pin p of the rod P, which engages the slot h, whereby when the vane V

page_text: stands in its normal position—that is, at some distance beyond the outer side of the
tail A-the pin p will be in the outer end of the slot h, and when the vane V is
blown farther and farther inwardly toward the tail and against the force of an
expansion spring, as E, for throwing it normally outward, the pin p will be drawn
farther and farther inward in the slot and the length of stroke imparted to the
pump-rod H will be correspondingly increased. If, therefore, a light breeze is
blowing no appreciable result is produced and the vane V retains its normal position.
The crank motion of the main shaft M is then imparted through the pitman-rod P
to the outer end of the lever H, whereby a short stroke is produced on the pump-rod
and by a lever (ie., the lever H) of comparatively good length; but when a strong
wind is blowing, tending to rotate the wheel very rapidly, the vane V is forced
inwardly toward the tail and the point of connection between the pitman-rod P and
the lever H will be moved to a point much nearer the pivot u. The pump-rod H¹
will in this case be given a much longer throw, doing much more work and requiring
much more power, whereas the other arm of the lever (i.e., the lever H) has been
greatly reduced in length. It will thus be seen that a light wind has little work to
perform and good leverage of the machinery to aid it, while a strong wind has much
more work to perform and shorter leverage of the machinery to overcome, according
as the strength of the wind increases.
From the above description it will be seen that my improved windmill may be
thrown entirely out of motion by a single pull upon the operating-cord, or may be
put again in motion by releasing the tension thereon, and that a certain resistance
is offered to the force of strong winds automatically by the mechanism used, throwing
more work onto the main shaft at that time. Under all ordinary conditions of
weather an ordinary solid-wheel windmill with the proper bevel to its blades will
answer every purpose for use in this machine, as the vane V is so proportioned and
the length of the arm X and sloth are such that the device will automatically
adjust itself to variable forces of the winds and need not be thrown out of operation
by the cord O, except in the case of a wind which amounts almost to a hurricane.
If desired, however, the user can of course employ a "feathered-blade "wheel, which
will trip at the moment desired and be thrown out of operative position with each
blade edge on when the wind becomes too strong.
My improved machine is not liable to breakage, for the reason that it auto-
matically adjusts itself, as above described, whereby the speed of rotation of the
wheel is kept within certain bounds-that is to say, the size of the supplemental
vane is such that the increased force from the wind draws the pin p inwardly just
fast enough to shorten the length of the outer arm of the lever H and necessarily
to correspondingly lengthen the stroke of the inner arm of said handle, so as to
throw sufficiently more work upon the main shaft and upon the wheel as the wind
increases to maintain the same speed of rotation of the wheel at all times, or at
least until the supplemental vane is forced to the extreme inner limits of its move-
ment. At this time a wind too strong for any wind-wheel will be blowing and the
device will throw the wheel out of operative position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained this my said invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
1. In a windmill, the combination, with the frame having an upright U, a lever H,
pivoted between its ends in the upper end of said upright and provided with the
slot h in its outer arm, and the pump-rod H', connected to the inner arm of said
lever, of the wind-wheel, the crank-shaft M, rotated thereby, the pitman-rod P,
connected with said crank, the pin p, passing through the upper end of said rod and
loosely engaging said slot, and means, substantially as described, for moving said
pin in the slot nearer to or farther from the pivotal point of said lever, as and for
the purpose set forth.
2. In a windmill, the combination, with the frame having an upright U, a lever H,
pivoted between its ends in the upper end of the said upright and provided with the
slot in its outer arm, and the pump-rod H', connected to the inner arm of said

page_text: lever, of the wind-wheel, crank-shaft M, rotated thereby, the pitman P, connected
with said crank, the pin p, passing through the upper end of said rod and loosely
engaging the said slot, the vane V, pivoted in said frame at an angle to be struck
by the wind, and the connecting-rod I between said vane and said pin p, whereby
the force of the wind will cause the automatic adjustment of said pin nearer to the
pivotal point of the handle, as and for the purpose set forth.
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1 1001
J. P. BAYLY,
Applicant.