CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF HORSE- SHOES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hugh Fraser Durnford, of Newcastle Emlyn,
in the County of Carmarthen, South Wales, for the Invention of
“CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF HORSE-
SHOES."
Scaled the 19th August 1873, and dated the 22nd February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hugh Fraser. Durnford
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd February 1878.
I, HUGH FRASER DURNFORD, of Newcastle Emlyn, in the County of
Carmarthen, South Wales, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND AFFLICATION
OF HORSE-SHOES," to bo as follows :-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of enabling horses to bo
roughened for the roads in frosty or snowy weather with case and
facility without the necessity of taking the ordinary shoes off, or by
other methods now adopted, which are generally very injurious to tho
hoofs of the horse, and also to provent the horses' feet collecting and
"bouling" up with snow.

page_text: The improvements consist in providing the old shoes with female
scrows at suitable distances apart and a recess at the too, which in
ordinary weather are plugged up with steel males, which not only
exclude earth or grit getting into them but also protect the threads.
When it is desired to roughen the shoe or otherwise prepare the horso
for the roads in frosty or snowy weather these plugs are extracted and
a piece of leather or other suitable material is placed over the whole
surface of the bottom thereof, after which a supplementary metal shoe
provided on its under surface with roughened or otherwise sharpened
projections is placed, its position being determined by a projecting peg
at the toe fitting into the recess in the old or ordinary shoe first
mentioned. When the supplementary shoe is thus placed it is scoured
by means of screws which fit and lock into the female recesses otherwise
plugged with the steel males. Thus it will be seen that by this arrange-
ment and adaptation in frosty or snowy weather roughened supple-
mentary shoes can be readily applied, and again when the frost is over
taken off so as to leave the shoes on the feet of the horse in their
original condition, and by means of the leather which goes between the
ordinary shoe and the supplementary shoe, and which covers the whole
of the foot, snow is kept out of the horses' foot and there is no clogging
or "bouling" up on the foot by snow, which renders travelling so
uncomfortable if not dangerous.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Hugh Fraser Durnford in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM' THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Hugn
FRASER DURNFORD, of Newcastle Emlyn, in the County of Carmarthen,.
South Wales, send groeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said IIugh Fraser Durnford, Her‍
special licence that I, the said Hugh Fraser Durnford; my exccutors, -

page_text: )
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Hugh Fraser
Durnford, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF HORSE-SHOES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Hugh Fraser Durnford;
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
) or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Hugh Fraser Durnford, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to bo particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to
say :-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of enabling horses to be
roughened for the roads in frosty or snowy weather with ease and.
facility without the necessity of taking the ordinary shoes off, or by
other methods now adopted, which are generally very injurious to the
hoofs of the horse, and also to prevent the horses' feet collecting and
5 "bouling" up with snow.
The improvements consist in providing the old shoes with femalo
scrows at suitable distances apart and a recess at the toe, which in
ordinary weather are plugged up with steel males, which not only
exclude earth or grit getting into them but also protect the threads.
When it is desired to roughen the shoe or otherwise propare the horse
for the roads in frosty or snowy weather these plugs are extracted and
a piece of leather or other suitable material is placed over the wholo
surface of the bottom thereof, after which a supplementary metal shoe
provided on its under surface with roughened or otherwiso sharpened
5 projections is placed, its position being determined by a projecting peg
at the toe fitting into the recess in the old or ordinary shoo first.
mentioned. When the supplementary shoo is thus placed it is secured

page_text: by means of screws which fit and lock into the female recesses otherwise
plugged with the steel males.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained
in detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made about full
size, similar letters of reference being marked on corresponding parts on
all the Figures alike.
•
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the supplementary shoo in
position when attached to the ordinary shoe of the horse.
Fig. 2 represents an under side plan view of the same.
And Fig. 8 represents a longitudinal section of the permanent and
supplementary shoes, with the intermediate protecting leather in place
when the whole are connected together.
1
In these Figures a is the permanent and ordinary shoe of the horse;
b, the intermediate protecting leather; and the supplementary shoc. 1
The ordinary shoe is provided with four or more screwed recesses, and a
plain recess at the toe, which in ordinary weather are plugged up with
steel males which excludo dirt and also protect the threads of the screw.
When it is necessary to prepare the horse for the roads in frosty or
snowy weather the male plugs are withdrawn from the recesses and..2
after the shoe and "frog" of the foot is cleaned the pieco of leather b.
is placed over the whole of the surface, after which the supplementary
metal shoe c provided with the roughened or sharpened projection c³, c¹³,
is placed, its position being determined by the projecting pin or peg e
fitting into the recess in the ordinary shoe at tho. toe. When the 2
intermediate protecting leather 6 and the supplementary shoe o are
thus placed they are secured to the shoe a by means of the screws
d, d, d, d. Thus it will be seen that by this arrangement and
adaptation in frosty or snowy weather roughoned supplementary shoes
can be readily applied, and ágain when the frost is over taken off, so as 3
to leave the shoes on the feet of the horse in their original condition, ·
and by means of the leather b, which goes between the ordinary shoc a
and the supplementary shoe c and which covers the whole of the foot,
snow is kept out of the horses' feet and there is no clogging or
"bouling" up on the foot by snow, which renders travelling so 3
uncomfortable if not dangerous.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together
with the method of carrying the same into practical effect, I would wish
it to be distinctly understood in conclusion that I claim, the novel
adaptation to the ordinary shoes of horses in snowy or frosty weather
of the supplementary shoo c and the intermediato protecting leather b
in the manner and for the purpose, as substantially described, set forth,
and fully illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whercof, I have hereunto set my hand and scal, this
Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-thrco.
Witness,
JOHN THOMAS.
HUGH F. DURNFORD. (L.s.)