Year: 1885

page_text: We, SAMUEL BAYLISS, of the firm of Bayliss Jones and Bayliss, of Victoria
Works, Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, fencing manufacturers, and
ROBERT HOWARTH, of 9 Beaumaris Terrace, Lower Villiers Street, Blakenhall,
Wolverhampton, aforesaid, engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
7
This invention relates to vertical-bar fencing in which the vertical bars are
square in section (or of other section having diameters of different lengths, such
as triangular or oval), and has for its object to cheapen and simplify such fencing,
and to enable it to be readily bundled for transport and afterwards easily erected
in situ, and to render it suitable for fixture in any position of inclination from the
horizontal in which it may be required to be fixed.
We will describe our invention specially with reference to fencing having vertical
bars of a square section, after which its application in the case of other sections of
vertical bar will be readily understood.
The top and bottom longitudinal bars have square holes punched therethrough
for the passage of the vertical bars, but the holes through the bottom longitudinal
bar are punched anglewise to those through the top. The part of each vertical
bar which is within the top longitudinal bar, when the fencing is put together, is
necked to form (approximately) a round section of the same diameter as the lesser
diameter of the bar, and each neck is formed longer than the thickness of the
longitudinal bar, for a purpose to be presently explained.
In putting the fencing together, the vertical bars are first passed through the
top longitudinal bar until the necks are within such longitudinal bar, and the bars
are then turned one eighth turn so as to bring the corners or shoulders of the necks
over the edges of the holes through the top longitudinal bar, and thus prevent the
vertical bars from being pushed upwards or downwards in such longitudinal bar.
The bottom longitudinal bar is then passed up over the lower ends of the vertical
bars the squares of which now correspond, in their angular position, with the holes
through the bottom longitudinal bar. The vertical bars are thus locked against
being turned, and cannot therefore be moved in the longitudinal bars so long
as the latter are kept in their position relatively to one another, and when
the longitudinal bars are fixed in place the fence is perfectly secure. The lower

page_text: longitudinal bar may be supported from swagging by means of pegs passed there-
under through one, two, or more of the vertical bars, or in any convenient manner.
A vertical-bar fencing constructed as above described is cheap and simple; and
the longitudinal and vertical bars can be bundled for transport and afterwards
conveniently put together in situ as no riveting or analogous operation has to be
resorted to; and the fencing can be fixed in any desired position of inclination
from the horizontal, as the long necks on the vertical bars allow sufficient play
between such bars and the top longitudinal bar for the fence to be fixed with the
horizontal bar in an inclined position while the vertical bars are kept in a strictly
vertical position. The holes through the bottom longitudinal bar are of course
made with sufficient play to allow of such bar being fixed parallel to the top
longitudinal bar; and it is an advantage to employ, for both longitudinal bars, a
shallow channel section of metal, so that the part through which the vertical bars
pass may be as thin as convenient.

page_text: We, SAMUEL BAYLISS, of the firm of Bayliss Jones and Bayliss, of Victoria
Works, Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, fencing manufacturers, and
ROBERT HOWARTH, of 9 Beaumaris Terrace, Lower Villiers Street, Blakenhall,
Wolverhampton, aforesaid, engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon (that is to
say):-
-
This invention relates chiefly to vertical-bar fencing in which the vertical bars
are square in section (or of other section having diameters of different lengths
such as triangular or oval), and has for its chief object to cheapen and simplify
such fencing, and to enable it to be readily bundled for transport and afterwards
easily erected in situ, and, by making it flexible, to render it suitable for fixture in
any position of inclination from the horizontal in which it may be required to be
fixed to follow irregularities in the level in the ground.
We will describe our invention specially with reference to fencing having vertical
bars of a square section, and in doing so will refer to the accompanying drawings.
The application of the invention will then be readily understood, in the case of
other sections of vertical bars having diameters of different lengths, without need
for further description.
Figure 1 illustrates, in elevation, a short length of vertical-bar fencing; part of
the fencing is shewn to be horizontal and part of it inclined. The other figures
illustrate various details to an enlarged scale. Figure 2 is a plan of a short length
of the upper longitudinal bar, with two of the vertical bars shewn in section; and
figure 3 is a plan of a corresponding length of the lower longitudinal bar, also
shewing two of the vertical bars in section. Figure 4 shews a transverse vertical
section through the fence, with one of the vertical bars in elevation; and figure 5
is a corresponding view to figure +, but shewn as an isometric view and with the
lower horizontal bar below the bottom of the vertical bar. Figure 6 is a plan
shewing the method of forming a fished joint between the ends of two horizontal
longitudinal bars abutting against the saine upright. Figure 7 is a front elevation
of figure 6; and figure 8 a section taken on line xx of figure 7. Figure 9 is a
corresponding view to figure 7, except that the longitudinal bar shewn on the right-
hand side is inclined.
"
The same letters of reference occurring upon two or more of these views indicate
corresponding parts.
A is the top and B the bottom longitudinal bar. CC etc. are vertical bars
and DD uprights. a a are square holes punched through the longitudinal bar A
and each having, two of its sides parallel with the sides of the bar, and b b are
square holes punched through the bar B but, anglewise thereto as shewn. The
part a¹ of each vertical bar which is within the longitudinal bar A when the
fencing is put together is necked to form a round (or approximately so) section
°

page_text: of the same diameter as the lesser diameter of the bar, and each neck is formed
longer than the thickness of the longitudinal bar for a purpose to be presently
explained.
In putting the fencing together, the vertical bars are first passed through the
longitudinal bar A until the necks are within such longitudinal bar, and the
vertical bars are then turned one eigth turn so as to bring the angles or
shoulders of the necks, over the edges of the holes through the longitudinal
bar A, as shewn clearly at figure 5, and thus prevent the vertical bars from being
pushed upwards or downwards through the longitudinal bar A. The bottom
longitudinal bar B is then passed up over the lower ends of the vertical bars
the squares of which now correspond, in their angular position, with the holes
through the bottom longitudinal bar, as is clearly shewn at figure 5 in which the
longitudinal bar B is about to be pushed up over the bar C. The vertical bars are
thus locked against being turned, and cannot therefore be moved in the longi-
tudinal bars so long as the latter are kept in their position relatively to one
another, and when the longitudinal bars are fixed to the uprights the fence is
.perfectly. secure. The upper longitudinal bar A may be supported from the lower
longitudinal bar so as to be prevented from swagging, by means of a peg or pegs c
passed through one, two, or more, of the vertical bars immediately over the lower
longitudinal bar.
The holes through the longitudinal bars may, of course, be formed in the reverse
position to that described, if desired, that is to say, the holes through the top
longitudinal bar may be formed anglewise therethrough and those through the
bottom longitudinal bar be formed each with two of its sides parallel with the
sides of the bar, but in such case the vertical bars will show flat sides at the front
instead of angles. The necks may be formed around the parts of the vertical bars
which pass through the lower longitudinal bar, if desired, instead of around the
parts passing through the upper longitudinal bar, but in such case the upper ends
of the bars must be so shaped that the upper longitudinal bar can readily be placed
thereover to lock the bars from turning. One or more intermediate longitudinal
bars may be employed, if desired, having the holes punched therethrough to
correspond with the holes through either the top or bottom longitudinal bar, and
if two intermediate longitudinal bars are employed the upper may be punched to
correspond with the top longitudinal and the lower with the bottom longitudinal
bar; but, of course, if more than one longitudinal bar is punched in such a way
that the vertical bars have to be turned therein such vertical bars must be necked
in two or more places as may be necessary.
The longitudinal bars A and B are formed, preferably, of a channel section with
the channel on the underside, and the top somewhat rounded over to throw off the
rain, the advantage of the channel section being that, while considerable strength
is secured, the parts through which the holes for the vertical bars are formed are
thin, and the holes are thus conveniently punched and without unnecessarily
reducing the strength of the bar, and owing also to the thinness of the parts
through which the holes are punched the holes may be made smaller, than if
punched through thicker metal, to ensure a given amount of play or looseness
between the vertical and longitudinal bars, for the purpose hereinafter stated. The
necks a¹ a¹ of the vertical bars permit of the fencing being fixed with the longi-
tudinal bars at any desired inclination from the horizontal, as shewn on the
right-hand side of figure 1, as the length of the necks affords sufficient play
between the vertical bars and the top longitudinal bar to permit of such bar being
moved into any convenient position of inclination while the vertical bars are kept
in a strictly vertical position. The holes through the bottom longitudinal bar are,
of course, made with sufficient play to allow of such bar being fixed parallel to the
top longitudinal bar at any desired inclination from the horizontal.
The ends of the longitudinal bars may be conveniently joined together by fish-
plates, one of which is shewn at d (figures 6, 7, and 8) fitting within the channel
of the bars and passing through openings in the uprights D formed to receive the

page_text: full sections of the plates therethrough. Screw-bolts e e firmly fix a fish-plate and
bars together, and the bolt holes through the fish-plates may be formed slotted for
convenience in fixing. When one part of a fence is fixed at an inclination to
another part thereof the junction between the horizontal longitudinal bar and the
inclined bar, or between two differently inclined bars, may be formed by means of
a bent fish-plate, as shewn at figure 9; but the fish-plate may be readily bent, after
being fixed in place, to adjust itself to any necessary angle, and thus as the vertical
bars are quite loose in the longitudinal bars, though securely locked therein, the
fence is flexible, and each length may consequently be adjusted to any inclination
after one end has been fixed to an upright.
A vertical-bar fencing constructed as above-described is cheap and simple; and
the longitudinal and vertical bars can be bundled for transport and afterwards
conveniently put together in situ as no riveting has to be resorted to.
It will be obvious, also, that this invention is in part applicable to vertical
round-bar fencing, that is to say, the fencing may be made flexible so as to be
adjustable to any desired inclination, by holding the vertical bars loosely in the
longitudinal bars. This may be effected in several obvious ways. As an instance,
the vertical bars may be held by pegs through them above and below the top and
bottom longitudinal bars, respectively.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. Forming a flexible vertical-bar fence, for the purpose described, by holding
the vertical bars loosely in the longitudinal bars, as herein described.
2. The improvements in vertical-bar fencing in which the vertical bars are
square in section (or of other section baving diameters of different lengths) by
means of which the vertical-bars may be securely locked within the longitudinal
bars, substantially as herein described and shewn by the drawings herewith.
Dated this Eighteenth day of June 1886.