A METHOD OF WORKING OR MANUFACTURING OF CARPET- ING FOR CARPETS AND CARPET RUGS NOT THEREFORE USED
Year: 1807

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BOWYER, of Kidderminster, in the County of Worcester, Carpet Manufacturer,"
do send greeting.
WHEREAS, His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-ninth day of May, in the present forty-seventh year of His
reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Bowyer, my exors, adñors,
and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Joseph Bowyer, my exors, aduiors, aud assigns, and every of them,
by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or deputies, servants, or
agents, or such others as I, the said Joseph Bowyer, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter, during the term of fourteen years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my Invention in the said Letters
Patent mentioned (being "A METHOD OF WORKING OR MANUFACTURING OF CARPET-
ING FOR CARPETS AND CARPET RUGS NOT THEREFORE USED,") within that part of
His United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as is
therein expressed, in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso,
that if I, the said Joseph Bowyer, should not particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the
same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one
calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters

page_text: Patent, that then the said Letters Patent should cease, determine, and become
void, as in and by the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Bowyer, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention con-
sists in the working or manufacturing carpeting for carpets, with a floating
ground, upon a new principle, and makes it a more firm and durable article,
differing very much both in quality and elegance from Brussels and pile
carpeting; the ground work is a firm and even body, which cannot be roved
or pulled out by brushing and cleaning, or by the scratching of dog or cat, or
any other animal, as Brussels may. The pattern or figure is rose above the
ground work, and appears as needle work worked upon it; although wove in
the same kind of loom or machine, and rose by wires the same as Brussels or
pile carpeting is, it may be made both comber and point, and the whole is per-
formed in the following manner :-The pattern to be drawn with a plain
or figured ground; the figure or figures on the ground may consist of one,
.two, three, four, five, or more colours to work under each other, or any
number of colours may be put to work across the pattern as in Brussels or
pile carpets, and read in, and put into the loom the same as Brussels or pilo
now in use, (or in any other way which may answer the same purpose), the
ground excepted, which is not to be road in, or picked up by the reader in, as tho
draw boy or person usually employed in making of carpets need not draw or
raise any part of the ground work unless the weaver wishes it to be done for
the purpose of making it more easy to himself. A chain or warp is to be
prepared to make a floating ground, which chain or warp is to consist of double
the number of threads now usually used in one ground frame for making of
carpets, or the number of threads may be more or less as may be thought
.proper; the chain or warp so prepared is to be turned on a roll or beam and
worked under the frames, or in any other part of tho loom that may be by
the weaver thought best; or it may be worked in ono or more frames with
bobbin and ball, bobbin and anchor, or by any other means that may answer
the same purpose. This ground work need not work in any of the eyes of
what is called by weavers the great harness, but requires two additional shafts
added to the little harness. The ground to be made with worsted of any
colour, or it may be made with woollen, silk, cotton, or any othor like material.
The under or binding part to consist of flax or hempen thread, or any other like
article that may answer the same purpose. The little harness, to make this
work to consist of five or more shafts; if worked with five, to be drawn
in manner following, that is to say, two to work the floating ground,

page_text: two to work the linen or binding part of the ground, and one to work the
colours that forms the figure or flowers, or the one which in making of
Brussel's carpeting is called the pole shaft. The above may be worked with
four or six treadles. If the weaver chuses to raise the floating part of the
ground by his foot he must have six treadles, or he may cause his draw boy
to employ a person or machine for that purpose to raise it for him; in that
case four treadles will be sufficient, worked as common Brussels are; but if
the weaver rises the floating ground himself, it is to be worked in the following
manner, or in any other mode that will produce the same effect:-In the first
place, the draw boy, or person employed for the purpose of rising the colours for
forming the pattern, draws a lash and turns up the sword, the weaver at the
same time treads the outside treadle on one side, which rises one part of the
floating ground, and throws in a shute of worsted, woollen, silk, cotton, or any
other like material that will produce the same effect; he then takes his foot off
the outside treadle, the sword remaining up; he puts in a wire rod or any kind
of instrument capable of raising a pile either for cut or drawn. The sword is
then taken out; he then treads the second treadle, which rises the same part of
the floating ground with one of the binding shafts, throws a binding shute of
linen or any other like article that may be thought best for that purpose; he
then treads the third treadle, that treads down the binding shaft only which
was raised by the last treadle, and rises the rest; he throws a shute, same as on
the last treadle (or any other kind if thought proper), which is the binder for
that wire, he then proceeds, the draw boy draws a fresh lash, he treads the
outside treadle on the other side and rises the other part of the floating ground
which was not raised before, and binds it with the two next following treadles
in manner as above described; and the method and nature of performing and
making of my carpet rugs is on the same principle, materials, &c., as before
described in respect to carpets, with the addition of a strong warp of hemp, flax,
or any like strong article, so as to give it more strength or substance to work in
with the main body of worsted in the pole shaft, or any other manner or mode so
as to give it the same effect; also a larger size wire rod, or any like kind of
instrument to raise a higher pile.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Bowyer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seven.
Signed and sealed in the presence of
EDW BIGG,
W* STEVENS.
JOSEPH BOWYER. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twelfth day of June, in the
year of our Lord 1807, the aforesaid Joseph Bowyer came before our said Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
tatute made for that purpose.
T