Improvements in Screw Wrenches and Spanners.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th: Sept., 1897-Accepted, 16th Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Screw Wrenches and Spanners.
We, JOHN LEWIS WILES of 82 Mark Lane, London E.C. Engineer and Jonn
GEORGE BREWER of Selsdon Road, Croydon in the County of Surrey, Clerk, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in screw wrenches and spanners and has
for object to provide a new or improved tool of that description which is calculated
to be very powerful and reliable in its grip of the nut, screw head or as the case may
be, and adjustable to practically any size or peripheral configuration of the object to
be grasped. The component parts of our new or improved wrench or spanner are few in
number, simple and strong, and are not liable to lose their efficiency by ordinary
wear and tear, as is the case with most of the known descriptions of screw wrenches
or spanners, which easily get "bell mouthed" and unreliable in their grip from
various causes.
The essential feature of our wrench or spanner is that it has solid jaws, rigidly
connected or made of a piece with the frame or body, against the inner portions of
which jaws the nut, screw head or the like is firmly pressed and held by the head
or grip end of a sliding bar extending into or through, and displaceable within, the
handle of the wrench or spanner, by means of a milled roller-nut having an internal screw
thread engaging with an external thread provided on a portion of the aforesaid
displaceable sliding bar, or if the wrench or spanner is "double ended," upon one
end of one of the parts composing the gripping slider, as hereinafter described.
In order to render our invention more readily understood, we have hereunto
attached a sheet of drawings, upon which
Fig. 1 is a front view of one form of our new or improved wrench or spanner, being
"double ended."
Fig. 2 is a similar view, the cover plate being removed and the component parts
shown in position and grasping an hexagonal nut.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the tool, along line x y shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 4. is a front view of a "single ended" wrench or spanner, corresponding to
Fig. 2 illustrating the "double ended " form.
Like letters indicate like or corresponding parts throughout the various figures of
the drawing.
The two solid pieces A Fig. 2 having jaws a a and a¹ a¹ may be made separate
and be held in position by screwed-on plates pp Fig. 3, or may be made integral
with one of said plates. A groove passing longitudinally through the centre of the
wrer.ch is adapted to receive the bar-sliders 6 and 61, the latter of which carries a
suitably screw- or worm-threaded bar c provided at its extremity with a knob o¹
which is made to fit into a correspondingly shaped recess cut out in the rear portion
of bar slider b. A milled roller nut d having an internal screw thread is mounted on
the screw-threaded bar c, and is held in suitable apertures provided in plates pp,
part of the milled periphery of roller nut & protruding through the apertures in
plates pp in order to allow of its being revolved on bar c by the fingers of the
operator.

page_text: It is obvious that the sliding bars 6 and 61 will be displaced in the longitudinal
groove, hereinbefore described, and be pushed towards the respective pair of jaws by
the roller nut & being revolved. Thus a nut screw head or the like will be firmly
gripped by jaws a a and sliding bar when the nut dis turned to the left, while
jaws a¹ a¹ and sliding bar b' come into operation when roller-nut a is being rotated
towards the right.
Not
In some cases it may be found preferable to further strengthen the jaws of the
wrench by connecting their open ends, or cast them in a shape-similar to the one
suggested in dotted lines in Fig. 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :
In screw wrenches or spanners the combination and structural arrangement of
frame pieces A A, having jaws a a and a¹ a¹; plates #pand sliding bars band b,
operated by roller nut d working on screw threaded bar c, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of September 1897.
For the Applicants,
HUGHES, ELI, & HUGHES,
76 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.