Improvements in Lavatory and other like Basins and their Fittings and Bracket Supports.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 24th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Feb., 1889
Improvements in Lavatory and other like Basins and their Fittings
and Bracket Supports.
I THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD of Hanley in the County of Stafford, Manufacturing
Sanitary Potter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The principal object of my invention, is 1st, to so construct lavatories, and wash
basins of a like nature, that the standing-waste passage, situated at the back of the
basin, and down which the overflow water passes, is made perfectly accessible for
cleansing, or cleaning out soap or dirt accumulations, which is unattainable in
lavatories and wash basins as ordinarily constructed. 2ndly, in a turn down edge or
frieze, which gives a bold and solidified appearance to a lavatory or the like, which
may conceal from view, the supporting brackets. 3rdly, in shell supplies. 4thly, in
means for securing the flanged end of a down pipe, which is fixedly secured to the
main outlet. 5thly, in supporting lavatory, or wash basins, upon bracket supports,
faced with a yielding material. 6thly, in fixedly securing the said lavatories, and the
like, to their supporting brackets or equivalents.
According to the first part of my invention, the basin, flange-top, standing-waste
overflow, shell supplies, and other parts of the lavatory, are made in one piece, either
of earthenware, cast iron, or of any other suitable material.
Situated at the back of the basin, which is nearly perpendicular, is an open topped
and centrally disposed standing-waste overflow passage, directed upwardly from the
bottom of the inside back, to near the top thereof, like that of a semi-circular pillar
like swell, perforated with slit piercings near its upper and open end; and which
said open end is covered by a removable fitting lid, (which may be used as a jewel
tray,) which normally closes the open top of the said passage, when the same does not
require to be cleansed.
Thus, the standing-waste over-flow passage, down which water flowing through the
slit piercings as aforesaid, passes, has its lower end directed to the main outlet
discharge pipe, which acts in cominon, for both the said overflow, and main outlet,
which latter is situated at the bottom of the basin, near the back thereof.
By constructing the overflow standing-waste passage, with an open top, a sponge
or other cleanser can be introduced, for removing soap and dirt accumulations
dhering interiorly within the said passage; and on the same being cleansed, the lid
or cover is placed over the said open top, wherein it normally rests.

page_text: When the basin on becoming filled up to the holes, the overflow then passes
therethrough down the passage, and thence into the down pipe, which is at the
junction of the main outlet, with the overflow.
Situated at the back of the basin, and at the two opposite sides of the upper part
of the said overflow as aforesaid, are two shell supplies, with their fan shaped edges
depending downwards into the basin, but leaving sufficient space between their inner
sides and the back of the basin, for the water supply nozzles thereof, to bend
downwardly under the shells, but at the same time, concealed from view.
Instead of the water inlets passing through the back of a lavatory, and coming
under shell screens, the nozzles thereof may be made broad, and delivered inwardly
over the edge of the basin.
The frieze of the lavatory basin, I propose to provide with a turned down edge,
plain or ornamental, which may if necessary, hide the bracket connections, or supports,
when fixed, and also to give the said lavatory, a bold front, with elegant finish, which
has the appearance of being solid and massive.
The supporting bracket is made of a right angle, with supporting cross stays, which
may have rubber, or other yielding facings upon the flats of the top sides, but leaving
long slot holes through both facings and brackets, wherethrough the shanks of screw
pins, carried by the underside of the lavatory, downwardly pass, and are secured in
position, by screw nuts, taking upon screwed ends on the undersides of the
supporting flats of the said brackets.
The screw pins are secured in position, on the underside of a lavatory top. by back
countersinking or chambering the holes, wherein the heads of the said pins, take
themselves, prior to securing them in position by plaster of paris, cement, sulphur, or
by other means.
The bed of the bracket, may have near its inner end, an upright support, upon the
top of which, the rear underside of the top of a lavatory, rests, with the back of the
hanging skirting like sides, coming between the said upright and wall. The bed of
the bracket is provided with lugs or ears, which come also on the inner sides of the
end skirtings, while the bracket itself is secured to a wall, by the back angle part.
As a modification, the bracket may be stepped near its inner end, and upon the
bottom of the step part, the back skirting of the lavatory rests, while the underside of
the top of the said lavatory, rests upon the bed.
The connection between the flange of the down pipe, and the main outlet or neck,
wherethrough both outlet and overflow pass, by under cutting interiorly, the said
neck or outlet, with an annular groove, access to which gained by equi-distant
gaps, on the inside edges of the entrance to the neck, or outlet, and wherethrough
like wings, earried by the flanged down pipe, pass, and subsequently rotated, so as to
bring the said winged, or cut away flanged parts, in front of the solid parts, and
when in this position, are affixed by a union like connection, consisting of an
internally screwed collar part, wherein an externally wormed nut part takes, whose
upper edge bears upon the underside of a flange of the pipe to be connected.
The top of the flange is faced with a rubber washer, or other yielding material, sc
that by the screwing up of a nut, a sound joint is produced.
As a modification of the connection as aforesaid, the neck or outlet of the lavatory,
has a vertically gapped flange at its lower open end, through the openings of which,
inwardly directed claws of an embracing annulus or ring upwardly pass, and are
then rotated, on making a connection, thus bringing the claws over ungapped parts,
which on the union nut being screwed home, brings the washer or face of the flange,
of the pipe to be connected, up to the underside of the neck or outlet, thereby
securing a sound joint.
Dated the Theatre first das Mt 1000

page_text: Improvements in Lavatory and other like Basins and their Fittings
and Bracket Supports.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD of Hanley in the County of Stafford, Manufacturing
Sanitary Potter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The principal object of my invention is 1st, to so construct lavatories, and wash
basins of a like nature, that the standing waste passage, situated at the back of the
basin, and down which the overflow water passes, is made perfectly accessible for
cleansing or cleaning out soap or dirt accumulations, which is unattainable in lavatories
and wash-basins as ordinarily constructed-2ndly in a turn-down edge or frieze,
which gives a bold and solidified appearance to a lavatory or the like, which may
conceal from view, the supporting brackets. Brdly in shell supplies. 4thly in means
for securing the flanged end of a downpipe, which is fixedly secured to the main
outlet-5thly in supporting lavatory, or wash basins, upon bracket supports, faced
with a yielding material-6thly in fixedly securing the said lavatories and the like, to
their supporting brackets or equivalents.
According to the first part of my invention, the basin, flange-top, standing-waste
overflow shell supplies, and other parts of the lavatory, are made in one piece, either
of earthenware, cast iron, or of any other suitable material.
Situated at the back of the basin, which is nearly perpendicular, is an open topped
and centrally disposed standing-waste or overflow passage, directed upwardly from
the bottom of the inside back, to near the top thereof, like that of a semi-circular
pillar like swell, perforated with slit piercings near its upper and open end; and
which said open end is covered by a removable fitting lid, (which may be used as a
jewel tray) and which normally closes the open top of the said passage, when the
same does not require to be cleansed.
Thus, the standing-waste overflow passage, down which water flowing through the
slit piercings, as aforesaid, passes, has its lower end directed to the main outlet discharge
pipe, which acts in common for both the said overflow and main outlet, which latter is
situated at the bottom of the basin, near the back thereof.
By constructing the overflow standing-wasto passage with an open top, a -ponge or
other cleanser can be introduced, for removing soap and dirt accumulations adhering
interiorly within the said passage; and on the same being cleaned, the lid or cover
is placed over the said open top, wherein it normally rests.
When the basin becomes filled up to the holes, the overflow then passes there-
through down the passage, and thence into the downpipe, which is at the junction
of the main outlet with the overflow.
Situated at the back of the basin, and at the two opposite sides of the
upper part of the said overflow as aforesaid, are two shell supplies, with their fan-
shaped edges depending downwards into the basin, but leaving sufficient space
between their inner sides, and the back of the basin, for the water supply nozzles
thereof to bend downwardly under the shells, but at the same time concealed from
view.
Instead of the water inlets passing through the back of a lavatory, and coming
under shell screens, the nozzles thereof may be made broad, and delivered
Inwardly over the edge of the basin.

page_text: The frieze of the lavatory basin I propose to provide with a turned-down edge,
(plain or ornamental,) which may if necessary, hide the bracket connections or
supports when fixed, and also to give the said lavatory a bold front, with elegant
finish, which has the appearance of being solid and massive.
The supporting bracket is made of a right angle, with supporting cross stays,
which
may
have rubber or other yielding facings upon the flats of the top sides, but
leaving long slot holes through both facings and brackets, wherethrough the shanks
of screw pins carried by the underside of the lavatory, downwardly pass, and are
secured in position by screw nuts, taking upon screwed ends on the undersides of the
supporting flats of the said brackets.
The screw pins are secured in position, on the underside of a lavatory top, by back
countersinking or chambering the holes, wherein the heads or nuts of pins take
themselves, prior to securing them in position by plaster of paris, cement, sulphur, or
by other means.
The bed of the bracket may have near its inner end, an upright support, upon the
top of which, the rear underside of the top of a lavatory rests, with the back of the
hanging skirting like sides coming between the said upright and wall.
The bed of the bracket is provided with lugs or ears, which come also on the inner
sides of the end skirtings, while the bracket itself is secured to a wall, by the back
angle part.
As a modification, the bracket may be stepped near the inner, and upon the bottom
of the step part, the back skirting of the lavatory rests, while the underside of the top
of the said lavatory, rests upon the bed.
The connection between the flange of the down pipe, and the main outlet or neck,
wherethrough both outlet and overflow passes, by undercutting interiorly the said
neck or outlet with an annular groove, access to which is gained, by equi-distant gaps,
on the inside edges of the entrance to the neck or outlet, and wherethrough like wings,
carried by the flanged down-pipe pass, and subsequently rotated, so as to bring the
said winged or cut away flanged parts in front of the solid parts, and when in this
position are affixed by a union like connection, consisting of an internally screwed
collar part, wherein an externally wormed nut part takes, whose upper edge bears
upon the underside of a flange of the pipe to be connected.
The top of the flange, is faced with a rubber washer, or other yielding material;
so that by the screwing up of a nut, a sound joint is produced.
As a modification of the connection as aforesaid, the neck or outlet of the lavatory
has a vertically gapped flange at its lower open end, through the openings of which,
inwardly directed claws of an embracing annulus or ring, upwardly pass, and are then
rotated, on making a connection, thus bringing the claws over ungapped parts,
which on the union nut being screwed home, brings the washer or face of the flange
of the pipe to be connected, up to the underside of the neck or outlet, thereby securing
a sound joint.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in plan, a lavatory or wash
basin, constructed and arranged according to my said invention.
Figure 2 represents a transverse vertical section of the same, on the dotted lines A B
figure 1. This said last named view clearly shows my new and open topped standing
waste, sunken within the middle of the back of the basin; it also shows the frieze
turned-down edge of the said basin, which thus gives to it a bold and solid appearance,
and also conceals from view, the bracket and other supports.
Figure 3 represents an end elevation with the rear boundary skirting partly broken
away, in order to exhibit the brackets' connection with the rear underside of the
lavatory top.
Figure 4 shows a vertical section through the shell supply, or on the dotted lines C D
figures 1 and, whilst the said figure 5 is a section on the dotted lines E, F figure 1,
looking towards the said back and shell supplies.
Figure 6 is a plan and vertical section of the cover or lid of the standing waste.
Figure 7 represents upon an enlarged scale the lower part of the basin, showing the
pipe's connection with the basin's outlet and overflow.

page_text: Figure is a sectional plan of the said connection taken upon the dotted lines G H
figure 7.
Figure 9 shows in elevation partly in section, of a rear portion of the bracket, with
top of lavatory affixed in position, and with a facing of rubber or felt interposed
between the said top of the bracket, and the underside of the basin.
Figure 10 represents a plan of the bracket, showing the long hole within it, and
figures 11 and 12 represent a part section of the basin top, and an elevation upon its
underside, thus showing the undercut hole, wherein the pin or screw connection is
secured.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is the basin of the lavatory, encircled or surrounded by a hanging frieze or top
skirting a², which conceals the brackets as herein after described from view, and also
gives the lavatory a bold and elegant finish, with an appearance of solidity and
massiveness.
Centrally disposed within the back of the lavatory, is a standing waste, or overflow b,
open at top at 62, and provided with slits or perforations 63, near its said open or
upper end, and which open top is covered or enclosed by a removable fitting and per-
forated lid d, which is utilized as, or constitutes a jewel-tray, whereon a person
washing, places a removed finger ring, or rings.
By the said standing-waste having an open top, it is made perfectly accessible for
cleansing or cleaning out soap or dirt accumulations.
The piercings at the upper end of the said standing-waste, lead to the interior
thereof, and to the discharge pipe c, which acts in common for both standing waste,
and outlet passage a³, situated at the bottom of the basin near the back thereof.
The discharge pipe c, which consists of a lower pipe c², having a flange c³ near its
upper end, and an upper fitting e, externally screwed and provided at its upper end
with radially directed snugs or wings c, which are adapted to pass through like
gaps a, loading to an annular undercut space a³, formed within the neck a, of the
lavatory.
Thus, the connection between the flange of the down pipe and the main outlet or neck,
wherethrough water from basin outlet and overflow passes, by uncutting interiorly the
neck a, with an annular groove or chamber a³, access to which is gained by equi-
distant gaps a', on the inside edges of the entrance to the said chamber, and where-
through the snugs or wings c, carried upon the fitting c of the down pipe, pass, and
when subsequently rotated and brought opposite the solids c', of the said neck, the
fitting is securely affixed in position, by a lock nut e, with a metallic and rubber
washer or facing k, interposed between the said nut, and basin underside.
The connection between the fitting c, and outlets c³, c³, is made by the union
nut c³.
Disposed at the back of the basin, and at two opposite sides of the overflow, are two
shell supplies, provided with supply nozzles and inlets f³, f³, the latter of which is
socketed, wherein the water supply pipes are fixedly secured.
The water ways or inlet passages of the shell supplies are made with them, or
through a semi-circular part or mound formed on their insides, thus leaving a space
between the said walls of the supply, and the back of the basin, for a vessel to be placed
thereunder, for the taking of clear water.
The nozzles of the supply passages are presented near the inside lower boundary
edge of the shell.
The supporting brackets as shown at figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10 are marked g, and
their tops g, which are faced with rubber or felt h, interposed between the underside
of the top a².
The tops of the brackets have long slots g cut within them, wherethrough the
affixing pin which takes into a screw nut a fixing within a countersinking a³,
lirected from the bottom a of the lavatory basin a.
The said nut as is affixed in the said countersinking by a sulphur compound.
I wish it to be understod that the supply passages of the shell supplies may consist of

page_text: independent depending tubes or nozzles, under the shells or fan-shaped hoods, instead
of being made through the shell, or a backing to it.
Where no standing waste is employed for the taking away of the overflow, I pierce
the walls of the back of the basin under the shell supply,so that the said overflow passes
through the holes or piercings.
Figure 13 represents a section of a lavatory without a standing-waste, and figure 14
is a plan of the same, partly in horizontal section.
a is the basin, f, is the shell supply, b³ are overflow piercings, disposed near, or on
the two opposite sides of the supply, and is the outlet common to both piercings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
First. An open-topped standing-waste, consisting of a hollow pillar made in one
piece with, or connected to the back or other suitable part of a lavatory or wash-basin,
whereby the inside or passage thereof can be cleansed of soap, dirt or other accumulations,
substantially as set forth.
Secondly. A centrally disposed standing-waste, enclosed at top by a removable
lid or tray 62, and provided at its upper end with passages or piercings 63, which lead
to the interior of the said standing-waste, whose lower end empties itself into a
discharge pipe, take away passage, or their equivalents, substantially as set forth.
Thirdly. Providing lavatories or wash basins, or their standing-wastes, with a
detachable or fixed jewel tray, substantially as described and set forth.
Fourthly. Providing and encircling wash lavatories or wash basins, with a turned-
down edge or hanging frieze a², whereby the said lavatory or wash basin has imparted
to it, a bold and solidifying appearance.
Fifthly. A shell supply, for lavatories or wash-basins, consisting of a supply or
inlet passage, in combinaton with a shell or other like screen or hood; whether the
said supply or passage be made or conducted through the back of the shell, or by an
independent pipe or nozzle, substantially as and for the purpose as described and set
forth in figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
Sixthly. A shell or other hooded supply ff, in combination with overflow holes or
piercings 63, with take-away b, as described and set forth in figures 13 and 14.
Seventhly. Connecting the discharge or take away pipe, or the fitting or fittings
thereof, by wings or snugs upon the top of the former, taking through gaps or openings,
cut within the sides of a circular outlet in the latter; and which said parts are con-
structed, arranged and fitted together, in manner and for the purpose as set forth.
Eightly. The means herein described and set forth, for affixing lavatory and wash-
basins to their supporting brackets, and also the fittings to the basin, as set forth.
Ninthly. Interposing between the bed or top side of the supporting brackets, aud
the undersides of the tops or other parts of lavatories or wash basins, india-rubber, felt
or other like yielding material, for the basin to take a dead set upon.
Lastly. The improvements in the construction and arrangement of the parts of
lavatory and wash-basins, as herein described and set forth.
Dated this Eighteenth day of December 1888.
THOMAS WILLIAM TWYFORD.
By Henry Skerret,
Agent for Applicant.