CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARN
Year: 1853

page_text: C
Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR WINDING YARN."
Sealed the 17th December 1853, and dated the 18th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Cross
Richardson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 18th June 1853.
I, JOHN CROSS RICHARDSON, of Lilly Hill, near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR WINDING YARN " to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to what is commonly called the "pin winding
frame," which is employed for winding the yarn or weft from the hank
on to the pin bobbins for the weaver.
In consequence of the conical form of the bobbins in these machines
the speed of the threads is constantly varying, according as it is being
wound on to the larger or smaller diameter of the said bobbin, whereby

page_text: a great amount of breakage is caused, so that some descriptions of weft
cannot be wound upon this machine.
The first part of my Invention consists in causing the spindles to
vary their speed according as they are taking up on the larger or
smaller diameter of the bobbin, so as always to take up at an uniform
speed, by which means (as the speed and consequent strain or stress upon
the thread is always equal,) a great saving is accomplished, and I am
enabled to wind yarns of fine counts upon this machine. I effect this by
driving the spindles by means of a pair of conical pullies of the same
taper as the bobbin, the strap being guided from the larger to the
smaller diameter, and vice versa, as required, by any suitable means.
The second part of my Invention consists of a conical "presser," in
which the bobbin revolves, the bobbin being pressed upwards by means
of a cord and weight. By the use of this Invention I am enabled to
make a firmer and more solid bobbin than heretofore, and the pressure
upon the bobbin and spindle is uniform, which was hitherto not the
case.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Cross Richardson in the Great Scal
Patent Office, on the 17th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1,
JOHN CROSS RICHARDSON, of Lilly Hill, near Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the Sixteenth
year of llcr reign, did, for Herself, er heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Cross Richardson, Her especial
license that I, the said John Cross Richardson, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Cross
Richardson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times

page_text: thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR WINDING YARN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Cross Richardson, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Cross Richardson, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawing
(that is to say):
My Invention relates to the machine commonly termed the "pin-
winding-frame," and which is employed for winding the yarn or weft
from the hank on to the pin bobbins for the use of the weaver.
In consequence of the conical form of the bobbins the speed of the
yarn or thread is constantly varying in these machines, as it is alter-
nately being wound on to the larger or smaller diameter of the bobbin,
whereby a great amount of breakage is caused, owing to the constant
fluctuation in the speed, so that some descriptions of weft cannot be
wound by or upon the said machines. The first part of my Inven-
tion consists in causing the spindles to vary their speed as they are
"taking up" or winding on to the larger or smaller diameter of the
bobbin, so as always to "take up" or wind on the yarn or thread at an
uniform rate of speed, by which means the speed and consequent strain
or stress upon the yarn or thread being at all times equal a great
saving is accomplished, and I am enabled to wind yarns or threads of
fine counts as well as course ones upon this machine. I effect this by
driving the spindles by means of a pair of conical pullies of the same
taper or bevel as the bobbin, the driving strap being guided from the
larger to the smaller diameter, and vice versa, as required, by any

page_text: suitable means.
66
The second part of my Invention consists of a conical
presser" in which the bobbin revolves, by the use of which I am
enabled to make a firmer and more solid bobbin than heretofore, and
the pressure on the bobbins and spindles is rendered uniform, which
has not been the case hitherto. In order more fully to describe the
particular nature of my Invention, and the machinery or apparatus for
carrying the same into practical effect, I have attached to these presents
a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of the same, drawn upon a scale
of about two inches to the foot, and have marked thereon letters
of reference corresponding with those in the following description
thereof:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, is a side or front view of part of a pin-winding-frame; and
Fig. 2, is an end view of the same. Similar letters of reference are
marked upon corresponding parts in both Figures. In Fig. 1, a, a, a,
is the framing; b, the driving shaft, having a drum b', fixed upon it;
c, and d, the conical pullies; e, the main drum, which drives the
spindles ff; g, is a pinion fixed upon the shaft of the drums d, and e,
working into a small wheel h, which carries upon its shaft another
pinion i, working into the large wheel k, which wheel causes the driving
band to move along the conical pullies c, and d, by means of the stud
1, fixed near its centre, forming a crank acting upon the spindle m, by
means of the connecting rod n, and the arm o. As the wheel k,
revolves the reciprocating motion given to the arm o, by means of the
stud, and connecting rod n, communicates a corresponding motion to
the guides p, and q, which shift the strap r, alternately from end to
end of the pullies, increasing the speed of the drum e, and spindles f, f,
when winding on towards the smaller diameter, and reducing the speed
when winding on to the larger diameter. s, s, are the conical pressers
in which the bobbins revolve, and which are kept in their place by a
cord and weight t, t. These conical pressers are shewn on a larger
The bobbins are pressed upwards by a cord
scale in Figs. 3, and 4.
and weight.
Having thus described the nature and object of my Invention,

page_text: together with the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I
would remark, in conclusion, that I claim as my Invention,-First,
the application of conical drums to equalize the speed of the yarn or
thread when being taken up or wound on to the bobbins; and, secondly,
the conical "pressers" in which the bobbins revolve by the means
herein-before more particularly set forth and described, and clearly
exhibited in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Cross Richardson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of Decem-
ber, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
JOHN CROSS RICHARDSON. (L.S.)
JOHN CROSS RICHARDSON. (L.S.)