IMPROVEMENTS IN OVENS FOR BAKING BREAD AND OTHER PRODUCTS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark of the firm of AM and
W Clark of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agents, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN OVENS FOR BAKING BREAD
AND OTHER PRODUCTS Communicated to him from abroad by Jacques
Eugène Jean Louis Mounié, of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th July 1882.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M. &. W. Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agents, "IMPROVEMENTS IN OVENS
FOR BAKING BREAD AND OTHER PRODUCTS "
[Communicated to him from abroad
by Jacques Eugène Jean Louis Mounié, of Paris, France]
This Invention relates to a continuous oven with travelling sole for baking bread,
biscuits, and other products. The oven is constructed in the form of a long
chamber as represented in longitudinal and transverse section in Figures 1 and 2 of
the accompanying drawings. It may be made of any length or breadth required
and is built in fire brick and with flues of fireclay, sheet, wrought, or cast iron or
other good conductor and of round, oval, square, or other form in cross section
extending along the walls, floor, and arch of the oven, through which the heat from
the furnace circulates and heats the oven. The furnace is placed beneath the
uptake A and the smoke passes out at B into a chimney. Any fuel may be used
whether solid or gaseous.
The oven is made of greater height at each end than between the points A B to
allow room for the drums round which passes an endless chain of slabs forming a
travelling sole which constitutes a feature of this Invention. Each link of this
endless chain is constructed of an iron band embracing a fireclay slab of suitable
length and thickness, to which bands are rivetted hooks or claws serving to hold
the slabs firmly in position at any point of the drum, and of a rod upon which are
mounted small rollers, pins, or other means for causing the chain to travel upon the
...01

page_text: drums. A railway of angle iron extends centrally along the oven upon which the
rollers of the endless chain of slabs travel. The railway is braced by cross ties and
supported by corbels or brackets, or by vertical bars tieing together the upper and
lower parts. The endless chain of slabs passes round a drum at each end of the
oven driven by hand steam, or other power at the proper speed, according to the t
quantity to be baked in a given time. The bread or other product placed upon
the endless chain of slabs constituting the travelling sole, are thus made to traverse
the whole length of the oven from which they pass out baked..
In 1
The oven may be modified in various ways and preferably in the manner
shown in figures 3 and 4 whereby labor is economised in baking bread.
this arrangement a greater extent of heating surface is provided by dividing
the oven into two passages by an intermediate arch constructed of flues as
represented at D in figures 3 and 4. In this case the upper portion of the endless
chain carrying the bread to be baked would pass through the upper chamber C and
the lower or return part of the chain would pass through the passage D, sufficient 1
heat being imparted to the slabs of the chain by the floor of the passage to com-
pensate for the loss due to a slight pause in the motion at the exit of the chain
from the oven. In this case the inclined floor at each end of the oven is not
required.
Dampers are placed at G H I for regulating the heat in each of the flues through 2
which it circulates. The number of the chambers as well as of the endless chains
may be varied without departing from the Invention.

page_text: .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th January 1883.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the Firm of A, M, and W, Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent Agents "IMPROVEMENTS IN OVENS
FOR BAKING BREAD AND OTHER PRODUCTS A communication to me from abroad
by Jacques Eugène Jean Louis Mounié of Paris France.
"3
This Invention relates to a continuous oven with travelling sole for baking
bread, biscuits, and other products. The oven is constructed in the form of an
arch of considerable length, as represented in longitudinal and transverse section in
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings. It may be made of any length or
breadth required and is built in fire brick and has flues (made of fire clay, sheet,
wrought, or cast iron or other good conductor, and of round, oval, square or other
form in cross section) extending along the walls, floor, and arch of the oven,
through which flues the products of combustion from the furnace circulate in order
to heat the oven. The furnace is placed beneath the uptake A and the smoke
passes out at B into a chimney. Any fuel may be used in the furnace whether
solid or gaseous.
The oven is made of greater height at each end than between the points A B to
allow room for the drums or tumblers referred to hereafter, round which passes an
endless chain of slabs forming a travelling sole which constitutes a feature of this
Invention. Each link of this endless chain is constructed of an iron band
embracing a fire clay slab of suitable length, breadth, and thickness (according to
the quality and quantity to be baked) to which bands hooks or claws are rivetted
to hold the slabs firmly in position at whatever point of the drum they may be, and
of a rod upon which are mounted small rollers, pins, or other means for causing the
chain to travel upon and by the rotation of the drums. A railway of angle iron
extends along the oven at about the middle of its height and also along the floor
upon which railway the rollers of the endless chain of slabs travel, the railway
thus supporting the weight of the chain and facilitating its traction. The railway
is braced by cross ties and supported by corbels or brackets, or by vertical bars
tieing together the upper and lower parts. The endless chain of slabs passes round
drums or tumblers constructed to correspond in dimensions of their sides to the
length and breadth of the fire clay slabs of the chain and situated one at each end
of the oven. They are driven by hand, steam, or other power at the proper speed,
according to the quantity to be baked in a given time. The loaves or other product
placed upon the endless chain of slabs constituting the travelling sole are thus made
to traverse the whole length of the oven from which they pass out baked.
The oven may be modified in various ways, and preferably in the manner shown
in Figures 3 and 4 whereby labor is economised in baking bread. In this
arrangement a greater extent of heating surface is obtained by dividing the oven
into two passages by an intermediate arch constructed of flues as represented
at D in figures 3 and 4. In this case the upper portion of the endless chain
carrying the bread to be baked would pass through the upper chamber C and the
lower or return part of the chain would pass through the passage D, sufficient heat
being imparted to the slabs of the chain by the floor of the passage D on which it
travels to compensate for the loss of heat due to a slight pause in the motion at
the exit of the chain from the oven which will not prevent the dough being caught
by the heat as required by the usual practice on putting it in the oven. In this
case the inclined floor at each end of the oven is not required and dampers are
placed at G H I for regulating the heat in each of the flues through which it

page_text: circulates. The number of the chambers as well as of the endless chains may be
varied without departing from the Invention.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is.
1st An oven for baking bread, biscuits, and other products constructed of one or
more long galleries having flues in the walls, floor, and arch and of one or more
travelling soles each formed of an endless chain of fire clay slabs held and connected
by iron frames, all substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2nd An oven for baking bread, biscuits, and other products constructed of one
or more long galleries having flues in the arch and floor, each gallery being divided
into an upper and lower passage by an intermediate arch also constructed of flues
and provided with one or more endless chains of refractory slabs constructed as
herein described, and forming travelling soles, the upper portion of which passes
through the upper chamber, and the lower or return part through the lower passage,
the whole-substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
In Witness whereof I the said Alexander Melville Clark have hereunto set
my hand and seal this eighth day of January, A.D. 1883.