Improvements in Machines for Cutting the Teeth of Files and of other like Articles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 25th Oct., 1839-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting the Teeth of Files and of
other like Articles.
I, AMBROSE SHARDLOW Ealing Works, Attercliffe, Sheffield in the county of
York, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
--
The first part of this invention is to cause the chisel or cutter to penetrate the
metal of the file or other article, at the correct angle to the surface of the said article,
by presenting the sloping, tapering or rounded face of the file or article, automati-
cally, at the same angle as the flat part of the surface.
Secondly, to enable the operator to adjust the blow of the cutter to the lighter or
thinner parts of the file, such as the point for example.
Thirdly, to provide an adjustable eccentric so as to extend the range of the feed
motion.
In carrying out the first part of my invention I make the travelling bed or slide
which carries the cradle, in two principal parts, the division being horizontal; the
upper part is jointed to the lower part at the bottom end in such a manner that it can
be raised, by the application of force, from the lower part of the slide, turning upon
the joint at the bottom end before mentioned.
Upon, and in the centre of the underside of the upper part of the slide which
carries the cradle and the file or like article, I arrange to fix removable templets,
formers, or paths of the desired configuration, or I may use two of such templets, one
being fixed upon each side of the said upper part of the slide; and upon the bed
of the machine and exactly under the cutter I fix a rounded steel support, one or
more rollers, or an equivalent device, upon which the face of the said templet
will rest, and over which it will travel when the machine is at work.
Thus when the slide carrying the templet is drawn over the steel support or its
equivalent by the action of the feed motion of the machine, the slide will be raised or
lowered according to the form of the templet, and the surface of the file immediately
under the cutter will be presented at the desired.
In order to enable the workman to reduce the force of the blow of the cutter when
cutting the points of files, or other thin or light parts in toothed articles, I apply a
spring brake to the ram or slide carrying the chisel or cutter, having suitable
connections by which the fall of the ram or slide may be retarded, either by the hand
or foot of the attendant.
To obtain a more accurate degree of adjustment in the intermittent movement of
the feed motion of said cutting machines I make the eccentric by which the movement
is imparted from the first shaft of the feed mechanism, adjustable in its eccentricity in
the following manner, 1 make an oblong faceplate with a longitudinal sliding recess
in its face, and a boss with centre hole through which the driving shaft passes and in
which it is keyed or otherwise secured.
The eccentric proper is annular with one of its sides provided with a strip to fit
into the beforementioned longitudinal recess in the face plate, in which it can be
moved to any desired longitudinal position and secured. The opening for the shaft is
oblong (or sufficiently large) to allow of the movement of the eccentric upon the
face plate, the eccentric rings and rod are connected in the usual manner to the
eccentric and to the feed motion.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Cutting the Teeth of Files and of
other like Articles.
I, AMBROSE SHARDLOW Ealing Works, Attercliffe, Sheffield in the County of
York, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
The first part of this invention is to cause the chisel or cutter to penetrate the
substance of the file, or other article in all its parts at the correct angle to the surface
of the said article, by presenting the sloping, tapering, or rounded parts or face of the
file or article, automatically, to the action of the cutter, at the saine angle or there-
abouts as the flat part of the file.
Secondly, to enable the attendant to adjust the force of the blow of the chisel, to
suit the thin or weaker parts of the file.
Thirdly, to provide an adjustable eccentric by which the "feed motion" may be
more accurately adjusted, and have a greater range of action.
The annexed sheets of drawings will clearly illustrate my invention.
Fig. 1 of the annexed drawings is a front elevation of a File cutting machine, with
my improvements.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same machine.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the adjustable eccentric.
Portions of the machine not connected with my invention have been removed to
show the improvements more clearly; and similar letters of reference indicate
similar parts in any of the figures.
In carrying out my invention to accomplish the first part, I make the travelling
bed A (which carries the Cradle B on which the file is fixed) in two chief parts 1
& 2; the upper part marked 1 is jointed to the lower part marked 2, at the bottom end,
in such a manner that it can be raised by the application of force, turning upon the
axis C.
Upon the underside of the part 1 which carries the Cradle and File, I fix a
removable templet or path D, of any desired taper or curve, preferably fixed in the
centre (but I may use two of such paths if preferred, one on each side) and upon the
bed E, of the machine, or on some part thereof; and exactly under the line of
the chisel, indicated by an arrow, I fix a round faced steel support F, which may if
desired take the form of a roller or rollers; but I find a solid block as shown answers
perfectly well in practice.
The face or underside of the path D, rests upon the rounded face of the block F
and will travel over it when set in motion by the feed motion of the machine,
which may be of any desired construction, but is not shown in the drawing so as to
avoid complication.
As the travelling bed A, with the cradle B, is drawn up the face of the bed E, by
the feed motion, the path D will, according to its shape or curves raise or lower the
part 1 upon its axis (), and thus present the face of the file that is immediately
under the cutter or chisel, at the proper angle to form a correctly shaped tooth.
In the drawing the path D is tapered backwards so that the part 1 would be
lowered as the travelling bed A was drawn up the face of the machine.
In order to enable the attendant to vary or reduce the force of the blow of the
chisel when cutting the point of a file, (which requires a lighter blow) I adapt a
spring brake arrangement to the ram G, which carries the chisel (not shown).
H, H, are two coiled springs which act against the crosshead I, on the ram G, and
give the chisel the requisite power or force to cut the file; J, J are the brake springs,
encircling the bolts K, and capable of being raised or lowered by the crosshead L
upon which they rest, by means of the double arm M, which is connected with the
foot lever N by a shaft and any suitable arrangement of connecting rods and levers
such as O, P, passing through the interior of the machine. If preferred this brake
may be operated by hand instead of by foot.

page_text: Thus when the chisel is required to strike a light blow, the foot lever N is moved
so as to raise the springs J, J, and meet the crosshead I as it descends, counteracting
or cushioning the action of the principal Springs H and reducing the force of the
blow.
To obtain an extended range, and a finer means of adjustment of the intermittent
action of the feed motion of such machines, I make the eccentric Q which transmits
the motion from the first shaft R, to the ratchet action of the feed mechanism,
adjustable in its eccentricity, in the following manner.
I make a faceplate S, provided with a slot T in its face, as seen in Fig. 3, this
faceplate is fixed securely on the shaft R; the plate U has a projecting ring or
barrel V on which the strap of the eccentric rod W is fixed in the usual manner, this
plate is secured upon the first named plate S, by short bolts, the heads of which
engage in the slot T, and it can thus be moved more or less from the centre of the
shaft as required, to regulate the feed motion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In File cutting machines, the travelling bed A made so that the upper part (1)
can be automatically raised and lowered by a removable path D, resting upon and
travelling over a fixed support F, for the purpose specified and substantially as
hereinbefore described and shewn.
2. In File cutting machines, the hereinbefore described method of cushioning or
counteracting the force of the blow of the chisel, by means of springs J acting
against the ram G and controlled by a foot or hand lever, substantially as set forth.
3. In File cutting machines, the adjustable eccentric Q for transmitting motion
from the shaft R to the feed motion, constructed substantially as hereinbefore
described and shown.
Dated the 15th day of October 188a
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.