Improvements in Apparatus or Machines for Cutting or Shearing Metals.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus or Machines for Cutting or Shearing
Metals.
I HENRY HALL SUMMERS Globe Iron Works Stalybridge Lancashire
Ironmaster do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in apparatus or machines_for
cutting or shearing metals and is more particularly applicable to H girders Ts &
other irregular forms. It has hitherto been found impracticable to shear longi-
tudinally sections of this description & where it has been necessary to separate the
flanges of a girder from the webb it has had to be done with hammers & chisels.
By the use of my invention I am enabled to shear longitudinally H girders and
other irregular forms with perfect regularity and great rapidity.
I employ a machine not unlike an ordinary pair of shears & a most essential
part of my invention is that I use a cutting edge upon one side of the metal only,
and the flange of the girder is supported or held in a vertical, or slightly diagonal
position by a die or block of suitable form so that the flange itself takes the place
of the other blade & I am thus enabled to shear off the webb quite close up to the
flange which could not be done if the bottom blade were retained.
The blade or cutting edge which is of the ordinary form may be made to
descend either by hydraulic power or any of the ordinary means used in operating
shenrs; or the blade may be stationary and the misterial to be operated upon raized
or forced upwards by any of the methods above referred to.
I use various forms of blocks or dies to hold the piece of metal to be operated
upon according to its size and shape.
Dated this 16th day of March 1802
HENRY HALL SUMMERS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus or Machines for Cutting or Shearing
Metals.
I HENRY HALL SUMMERS, of the Globe Iron Works, Stalybridge, in the
County of Lancaster, Iron Master, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
My invention relates to apparatus or machines for cutting or shearing metals and
is more particularly applicable in the cutting of H and T girders and other
irregular forms.
It has hitherto been found impracticable to longitudinally shear sections of this
description and in cases wherein it has been necessary to separate the flanges of a
girder from the web hammers and chisels have been used.
By the use of my invention I am enabled to shear longitudinally H girders and
other irregular forms with regularity and rapidity.
The important feature in my invention is that I use a cutting edge upon one side
of the metal only and the flange of the girder is supported or held in a vertical or
slightly diagonal position by a die or block of suitable form so that the flange itself
takes the place of the other blade and I am thus enabled to shear off the web quite
close up to the flange.

page_text: I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the said drawings
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a shearing machine constructed in accordance with
my invention.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the said machine.
In the said figs, a is the cylinder of a hydraulic press and is the follower or
table and the head of the press the parts and being connected by columns d d
as is usual in hydraulic presses. Upon the follower his secured a strong casting E
in which is an opening through which the work is passed. The lower part of the
casting forms a bed or table e to receive blocks to support the piece which is being
sheared and the upper part extends over the bed on each side so as to form
supports for the cutter head or slide. The vertical face on the part is
planed to form a vee slide to receive the cutter head or slide as in the case of an
onlinary shearing machine.
The parts are connected by means of a wrought iron or steel link on the
front and back of the machine so that the part helps to sustain the part against
the side thrust of the cutter head. The said cutter head is attached by its upper
end to the press head and is provides with a shearing blade 4 of an ordinary or
suitable form.
Upon the bed eis fixes a block i which is made of a form suitable to the shape
of the part to be sheared.
The block shown is adapted to be used in the shearing of H or T girders and as
drawn is supposed to be faced with a changeable or renewable plate ♬ of steel,
This facing may or may not be hardened and tempered.
If not considered to be necessary the facing may be dispensed with and the
block be formed in one piece in wrought or cast iron or steel.
If made in cast iron
the face at might be chilled. The facing is formed with a ledge upon which
the edge of the girder rests during the shearing. In the example this ledge
inclines downward toward the vertical face of so as to cause the girder flange to
determine toward the said face when subjected to the shearing strain.
In Fig. 1a girder of H section is indicated in position by the dotted lines.
When the follower is forced up by hydraulic pressure the girder is carried towardl
the cutting blade until the corner formed by the flange and the web is brought up
to the cutting edge of the blade as indicated by the dotted lines, the continued
upward movement resulting in the partial or complete severance of the flange from
the web.
In the case of a short piece such for example as the scrap end which is cut off
from a rolled girder one cut might complete the severance but when operating
upon longer pieces or upon an entire girder the piece would be fed up after each
cut in the manner usual when shearing. By means of my invention a piece of
Hginler can be quickly cut up into three slabs or nearly flat plates which may be
heated and rolled down into sheets or bars or may piled or fagotted or otherwise
utilised. In the same manner short lengths of tramway rails or other rails or bars
having webs and flanges may be cut up. The machine may be used in the cutting
up of old or worn out girders or rails.
j
It will be understood that the bed block i or the facing may be changed to
suit any particular section of girder or rail which is to be operated upon but the
formation shown is such as 1 consider suitable for ordinary Hor T girders.
Although I have shown and described a form of hydraulic shearing machine it
must be understood that I do not restrict myself in respect of the details of the
machine so long as the part or a suitable supporting block or bed takes the place
of the bottom blade or knife of the shearing machine. The cutting block may be
forced down and the bed carrying the block i be stationary and if preferred the
cutting block or slide may be actuated by an excentric or cam or by a lever or by
other suitable means.
In some cases ] may provide the cutter head or slide with two shearing bladeş
one of which might be adjustable so as to be able to shear off both flauges of a

page_text: girder or piece simultaneously the bottom edges of both flanges being suitably
supported.
I may construct a machine having interchangeable blocks or parts so that a
block carrying an ordinary lower blade may be substituted for a supporting block
such as i so that the machine may be capable of being used at times as an ordinary
shearing machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The bed block or support i in combination with a shearing blade h and with
the other parts of a hydraulic shearing machine substantially as and for the purpose
set forth and indicated.
2. In a machine for shearing the flanges off flanged girders or rails; a bed
block applied in the place of the ordinary bottom blade or knife substantially
as and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
3. In a machine for shearing the flanges off flanged girders or rails a bed block
having a projecting ledge or foot to sustain the downward thrust and a face to
serve as an abutment for the flange of the body being sheared the said bed block
being applied substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In a shearing machine a bed or supporting block or part of the framing
adapted to support a flanged girder rail or bar against the shearing strain of a
blade acting to shear off the flange in the manner set forth.
Dated this 16th day of December 1893.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.