IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Holden, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons,
Machine Wool Combers, of Bradford, in the County of York, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES FOR SPINNING." Partly a communication from
abroad by William Calvert Bramwell, of Hyde Park, Massachusetts, in the
United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Holden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1881.
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, Machine Wool Combers,
of Bradford, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN PREPARING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES FOR SPINNING." Partly a communication
from abroad by William Calvert Bramwell, of Hyde Park, Massachusetts, in the
United States of America.
The Invention relates to the application to card cylinders used as "licker-in" or
"opening" card rollers of small surface rollers to operate with "working" rollers
and "stripping" rollers, for the purpose of raising the fibre under operation from
the teeth of such "licker-in" or "opening" card rollers, in order thereby more
effectually to divide the staples into separate fibres.
These rollers, which I call "raiser" rollers, have their teeth pointing in a
direction opposite to those of the teeth of the "licker-in" or "opening" card roller,
to which they are applied, and their surfaces for the time nearest to that of the
"licker-in" or "opening" card roller travel in the same direction as such surface,
and in action the teeth of these "raiser" rollers push forward and raise such fibre
for the better operation of the "working" roller, whilst the "stripper" operates to
keep the teeth of the "raiser" roller clean.
For this purpose the surface speed of these "raiser" rollers is about one fifth
faster than that of the surface speed of the "licker-in" or "opening" card roller to
which they are applied.

page_text: I also give motion to brushes or clearers for clearing the burr troughs of burrs
by operating the arms of such brushes or clearers by double or right and left hand
threaded screws, so that such brushes or clearers may be moved along the burr
troughs to clear them alternately in one direction and then in the opposite.
The improvements also apply to means for regulating the feed in apparatus of
the character of that described in the Specification of Letters Patent, dated
March 10th 1879, No. 944, and now called Bramwell's card feeders.
For this purpose I apply to the receiving end of such card feeder forks or grids
or other suitable lifters, acting by counter weight or other suitable pressure to lift
the fibre onto the pin surfaces of the elevating apron in proportion as the supply
of fibre thereto diminishes.
The axis of this lifter is by lever arms and connecting rods connected to the
axis of the arms of the vibrating comb, so as also to vary the distance of the
action of that comb with variations of the quantity of fibre for the time being
received into such feeder.
This motion may also be aided by eccentric motion.
And the action of this lifting fork or grid may be independently operated by
weight or other suitable pressure capable of variation with variations of supply to
such receiving end of the apparatus.
In order to preserve steady and correct action to the circle of main combs I pass
the upper part of the central stud or spindle of such comb circle through a bush,
which is divided into segments with a conical exterior thereto capable of sliding in
a corresponding conical portion of the frame of the moving circle.
This conical bush is formed hollow and in horizontal ribs to bear against the tube
or central stud, and thus admit air between the ribs with a tendency to keep the
parts cool.
This divided bush is supported with capability of adjustment by a collar carried
by the upper stationary frame, for controlling the motion of the segmental combs,
or to other suitable part.
I also form a recess or concentric channel around the inner edge of the bearing
ring or surface for the support of the comb circle.
This concentric channel is inclined from one side of it to the opposite, where the
oil escaped thereto from the inner edge of the circle of main combs passes away by
a suitable channel to a receiver provided for it.
There is a flange on the outer edge of the circle to keep the oil from escaping
outwards of that circle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Isaac Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd September
1881..
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, Machine Wool Combers,
of Bradford, in the County of York. " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN PREPARING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES FOR SPINNING." Partly a communication
from abroad by William Calvert Bramwell, of Hyde Park, Massachusetts, in the
United States of America.
"
The Invention relates to the application to card cylinders used as "licker-in" or
opening" card rollers in carding apparatus of small card surface rollers to operate
with "working" rollers and "stripping" rollers, for the purpose of raising the
fibre under operation from the teeth of such "licker-in" or "opening". card
rollers, in order thereby more effectually to divide the staples into separate
fibres.
These rollers, which I call "raiser" rolier's, have their teeth pointing in a
direction opposite to those of the teeth of the "licker in" or "opening" card roller,
to which they are applied, and their surfaces for the time nearest to that of the
"licker in" or "opening" card roller travel in the same direction as such surface,
and in action the teeth of these "raiser" rollers push forward and raise such fibre
for the better operation of the "working" roller, whilst the "stripper" operates to
keep the teeth of the "raiser" roller clean.
For this purposo the surface speed of these "raiser" rollers is about one fifth
faster than that of the surface speed of the "licker in" or "opening" card roller to
which they are applied.
I also give motion to brushes or clearers for clearing the burr troughs of burrs
by operating the arms of such brushes or clearers by double or right and left hand
threaded screws, so that such brushes or clearers may be moved along the burr
troughs to clear them alternately in one direction and then in the opposite.
The improvements also apply to means for regulating the feed in apparatus of
the character of that described in the Specification of Letters Patent, dated
March 10th 1879, No. 944, and now called Bramwell's card feeders.
For this purpose I apply to the receiving end of such card feeder forks or grids
or other suitable lifters, acting by counter-weight or other suitable pressure to lift
the fibre onto the pin surfaces of the clevating apron in proportion as the supply
of fibre thereto diminishes.
The axis of this lifter is by lever arms and connecting rods connected to the axis
of the arms of the vibrating comb, so as also to vary the distance of the action of
that comb with variations of the quantity of fibre for the time being received into
such feeder.
This motion may also be aided by eccentric motion.
And the action of this lifting fork or grid may be independently operated by
weight or other suitable pressure capable of variation with variations of supply to
such receiving end of the apparatus.
In order to preserve steady and correct action to the circle of main combs I
pass the upper part of the central stud or spindle of such comb circle through a
bush which is divided into segments with a conical exterior thereto capable of
sliding in a corresponding conical portion of the frame of the moving circle.
This conical bush is formed hollow and in horizontal ribs to bear against the
tube or central stud and thus admit air between the ribs, thus having a tendency
to keep the parts cool.
This divided bush is supported. with capability of adjustment by a collar carried

page_text: by the upper or moveable frame for controlling the motion of the segmental cones
or to other suitable part.
I also form a recess or concentric channel around the inner edge of the bearing
ring or surface for the support of the comb circle.
This concentric channel is inclined from one side of it to the opposite where the
oil escaped thereto from the inner edge of the circle of main combs passes away by
a suitable channel to a receiver provided for it.
There is a flange on the outer edge of the circle to keep the oil from escaping
outwards of that circle.
But that the Invention may be the better understood I will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings proceed more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 indicates by a diagram of some of the operating portions of a carding
engine an application of the first part of my improvements; Figure 2 shows a
transverse view of a portion thereof separately. The same letters apply to each
view. a, a, represent two "licker in" or "opening" card rollers; b represents a
"working" roller; c is a "stripping" roller, and d is a small card surface roller to
operate with the "working" and stripping roller for the purpose of raising the
.fibre under operation from the teeth of such "licker in" or "opening" card rollers
so as more effectually to divide the staples into separate fibres. I call these
rollers d "raiser" rollers. The direction of pointing of the card teeth of the
respective rollers is indicated in each case, whilst the direction of their revolution
is shown by the arrows; e, e, are the "burring" rollers, and the tendency of the
action of these "burring" rollers e, e, is by running close to the card surface of the
"licker in" or "opening" card rollers a to beat down the fibre close against the
card surface of such rollers, and the effect of the action of the "raiser" rollers d
is to lift the fibres, so that those fibres may be better caught by the teeth of the
"working" rollers b. For this purpose the surface speed of these "raiser" rollers
is, as already stated, about one fifth faster more or less than the surface speed of
the "licker in" or "opening" card roller to which they are applied. ff, are the
feed rollers to the first roller a, and g is the stripper to one of the feed
rollers f.
"
h, h, are burr receptacles, and i, i, are brushes or other suitable clearers capable
of traversing to and fro in the burr receptacles h for the purpose of clearing the
troughs h of the burrs received therein. These brushes or other suitable clearers i, i,
are supported by arms i, i, from a socket is capable of traversing the shaft or
axis ³, which is formed with a double threaded screw, into the thread of which
passes a shoe or follower, as is well understood, carried by the socket i³, so that at
each end of the traverse of the double threaded screw formed on the shaft or
axis 2³ the traverse of the brushes or other clearers may be reversed alternately.
Figure 3 shows a partial side view of a Bramwell feed apparatus, with the
improvements applied to it; Figure 4 is a partial front view partly in section of
the receiving end of such feeding apparatus. The dotted lines; represent the
toothed elevating apron and k the vibrating comb affixed to arms k¹ from the axis
thereof; are the forks for lifting the fibre onto the pins of the apron j, one of
which is shown separately by edge view and front view at Figure 5. These forks
are applied to the axis, on the outer end of which is applied the L lever ³, which
at one end is by a pin connected to one end of the connecting rod 1, the other
end of which is connected by pin joint to the lever arm 1, which is supported to
rock on the fixed stud 17 and by another pin joint carries one end of the bar 18, and
this bar is by pin joint connected to one end of the connecting rod 1¹º, the
other end of which is connected to the upper end of the L lever 1. Thus it will
be seen that the weight of the rods and 18 has a tendency through the L lever
to cause the forks to lift any fibre placed on them towards the apron
Corresponding arms and parts are applied at the opposite sides of the apparatus,

page_text: and the ends of the axis are supported to rock in bearings k³, supported each by
an adjustable screw in the upper end of each bar 18, so that according to the
angle of the forks for the time being so will be the position of the combs k
in relation to the apron j to act close up or further from the points of that
apron.
Figure 6 shows how the position of the combs k in relation to the feed apron j
inay be actuated excentrically. represents the axis of the vibrating combs k,
but the ends of this axis k² are applied to excentrics which are supported to
turn in fixed bearings, and have applied on each of them arms, each of
which carries a stud k³ capable of being adjusted in position in a slot k³ formed
in that lever arm k³.
This stud also passes through a slot formed in an arm affixed on the axis l',
so that as the forks rise the slot in the arm 10 will act on the stud k³ to cause the
lever to turn, and by its action on the excentrics k³ and axis k³ vary the position'
of the comb k in relation to the feed apron j. are counterweights to the forks
applied at each end or side of the feed apparatus.
Figure 7 shows a modification of this part of the improvements in which the
action of the forks to lift the fibre onto the feed apron j is adjusted by weight
pressure. In this case there are arms 12 applied to each end of the axis ¹, and to
the outer end of these arms are applied weights 713, or it may be the pressure of
springs capable of variation so as to have a tendency at all times to lift the fibre
under operation by the action of the weighted force employed.
Figure 8 shows by sectional view parts of a circle of main combs, m representing
the travelling circle, and n the bed on which the circle m rotates. o represents
parts of the stationary circular framing for guiding by its inclined planes the
nacteur or such like combs, the teeth of which act with the teeth of the travelling
circle m; p is the tube or central stud on which the moving parts rotate.
In order to admit of adjustment, and thereby preserve the correct relation of
the parts, the stud p passes through a conical bush 7, which for this purpose is
formed in segments so as to be capable of enlargement or contraction as required,
as more clearly represented by the separate plan view of the bush at Figure 9, and
it is also formed with horizontal ribs q' with a tendency by the admission of air
between them to keep the parts_cool. The parts of this divided bush q are
separately attached to the flange q³ of the collar q* by means of the set screws g³.
These screws q* pass somewhat loosely through radial slots formed in the flange q³
to admit of adjustment thereto. The collar o surrounds the central stud p, and by
its flange 9 it is attached to the frame o with capability of adjustment by means
of the set screws and nuts 97. ris the corresponding conical recess formed in the
parts of the circle m for the reception of the outer conical surface of the bush q.
By these means the inner surface of the segments of the bush q are in close contact
with the surface of the stud p, and the outer inclined surface of the bush q is in
close contact with the conical recess r.
8 represents a recess or concentric channel formed around the inner edge of the
bearing ring or surface n for the support of the comb circle m. This concentric
channel is inclined from one side, say 8², to the opposite, say 8, to cause the oil to
flow towards the point of outlet by a channels to a suitable receiver provided for
it. t is a flange on the outer edge of the circle to prevent the oil from escaping in
that direction.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
"
Firstly. The application to card cylinders used as "licker-in" or "opening'
card rollers of small card surface rollers, and which I call "raiser" rollers to operate
with "working" rollers and "stripping" rollers, in manner and for the purpose
substantially as described.
Also I claim the arranging or combining parts whereby the required to and fro
motion to brushes or clearers for clearing burr troughs of burrs is obtained by the
continuous motion of a screw in one direction, substantially as described.

page_text: Also, I claim the arranging or combining parts whereby forks or grids are
employed as lifters to lift the fibre under operation on to feed aprons in
apparatus for mechanically feeding fibre to carding engines, and the simultaneous
regulation of the position the vibrating comb operating with such feed apron,
substantially as described in respect of Figures 3, 4, and 5.
Also, I claim the arranging or combining parts whereby the relative position.
of the vibrating comb in relation to the lifter apron is regulated in the varying
position of the lifter forks or grids by excentric action, substantially as described
in respect of Figure 6.
Also, I claim the arranging or combining parts whereby the lifting of the forks
or grids progressively to raise the fibre under operation by weight pressure capable
of adjustment is effected, substantially as described in respect of Figure 7.
Secondly. I claim the arranging or combining parts whereby increased steadiness
and correctness of action is secured to the motion of the circle of main combs in
wool combing machines by the employment of a divided and adjustable bush for
that purpose, substantially as described.
Also, I claim the arranging or combining parts of combing machines whereby an
inclined channel is provided for the lubricating oil escaping, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Holden, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, One thousand eight hundred
and eighty one.
ISAAC HOLDEN. (L.S.)