IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Webster, of Leicester, in the County
of Leicester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS."
Sealed the 16th March 1853, and dated the 28th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Webster at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 28th December 1852.
I, JAMES WEBSTER, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of bending a bar or rod of steel into a
double coned form, the larger part or the base of the one cone being
towards the larger part or base of the other. In carrying out this
Invention, I employ a mandril on an axis, and I fix one end of the
bar to the axis by a sliding clamp. The axis and mandril arc
caused to revolve, and the bar is wound on to the inclined track
around one cone till it comes to the larger diameter, when one or
more cylindrical coils are produced on the mandril. The bar is then
bent on to the inclined tract, producing the second conical form.

page_text: The mandril and spring are reinoved from the axis, and the
mandril, being in two parts, is removed by opening out the spring
at the cylindrical portion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said James Webster in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 28th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JAMES WEBSTER, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two,
in the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said James Webster, Her
special licence that I, the said James Webster, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Webster,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agrec
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS, upon the condi-
tion (amongst others) that I, the said James Webster, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six .calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Webster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained.
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):

page_text: This Invention consists of bending a bar or rod of steel into a
double coned form, the larger part or the base of the one cone being
towards the larger part or base of the other.
In carrying out this Invention, I employ a mandril on an axis,
and I fix one end of the bar to the axis by a sliding clamp. The
axis and mandril are caused to revolve, and the bar is wound on
to the inclined track around one cone till it comes to the larger
diameter, when one or more cylindrical coils are produced on the
mandril. The bar is then bent on to the inclined track, producing
the second conical form. The mandril and spring are removed
from the axis, and the mandril, being in two parts, is removed by
opening out the spring at the cylindrical portion.
Having thus briefly stated the nature of my Invention, I will
now proceed more particularly to describe the manner in which the
same is to be performed, reference being had to the Drawings here-
unto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon. In all
instances the same letters indicate similar parts.

page_text: a,
hercin-after more fully described. The set screw e, of the dog d, is
then brought to bear upon the end of the metal strip a, so in-
troduced all of which will be readily understood on examining the
Drawings (see Figures one, and two)-by which means it will be
firmly held upon that portion of the inclined tracks c, c, so that,
when the inclined tracks c, c, are caused to revolve, the strip of
metal will be wound thereon. The hollow portions of the in-
clined tracks c, have each a feather g, formed thereon, which enters
the groove or recess ¹, formed in the axis h, by which it and the
inclines c, c, are caused to revolve together. The axis h, turns in
bearings at k, k, and is kept in position from moving endways by
introducing the pin k¹, which enters a groove h², formed around
the axis h, so that the axis may revolve freely, but cannot slip out
of position. The axis h, is driven by the hand wheel i; j, is
a lever, having thereon a hollow guide piece j', which is pressed
upwards in such a manner that the piece j¹, holds and guides the
strip a, during the time that the winding on of the strip on to the
inclined track proceeds. To accomplish this, the axis I, on which the
lever j, works, is allowed to slide endways to and fro in its bearings,
which are formed in the framing; and the collars 7, 1, and their
set screws, 2, regulate the extent of such movement. This motion
is imparted by the to and fro action of the lever handle attached
m,
at one end to the framing. It is also attached to one end of the link,
n, the other end of such link being attached to the lever and axis
j, l, so that, as the winding on of the strip a, progresses, so the
handle j, and its guide piece j¹, and parts connected therewith, are
drawn along by means of the lever handle m.
In order to remove the springs from the inclined tracks c, c, and
mandril c', the tools or instruments p, p, are used; their ends p¹, p
being provided with suitable grooves or recesses to receive the
feathers formed upon the interior of the inclined tracks c, c. The
axis h, is first to be drawn out, which is readily done by the with-
drawal of the pin ¹, from one of the bearings at k, and then the
parts c, c, c, and a, drop out to be acted on by the tools p, p, and
I, J. The tools p, p, are then to be placed one in either end of the

page_text: inclined tracks c, c, and by resting them upon a support, and
pressing down the lever ends of the tools p, p, the parts c, c, and
c', will separate sufficiently to admit of the introduction of the
ends q, q', of the tools q, q, by means of which the spring a, will be
sufficiently opened at or near the centre or cylindrical portion to
allow of the removal first of the cylindrical portion c³, and after-
wards the inclined tracks c, c, separately; after which the spring
a, while hot, is put into a vice or other means employed for closing
the parts which were opened by the tools p, and q, for the removal
of the parts c, c, c¹.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Webster, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
Witness,
FRED. HARRIS.
JAMES WEBSTER. (L.S.)