A UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOL FOR COPPERSMITIIS, METAL WORKERS AND OTHERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I ERNST MORITZ ECKARDT, Manufacturer, of N° 26 Falken Strasse in the City
of Dresden, Saxony, Germany Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Inven-
tion for "A UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOL FOR COPPERSMITIIS, METAL WORKERS
AND OTHERS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to improvements in universal machine tools for copper-
smiths, metal workers, black and whitesmiths and other tradesmen employed in
operating on various metals.
The said universal machine tool can be employed for the most various purposes
such as bending, boring, pressing, forming, cutting, grinding, polishing and other-
wiso treating bars, rails rods or staves plates or sheets of metal and other objects
and is represented in its various parts in the accompanying Drawing.
Figuro 1 is a longitudinal section,
2 a plan or top view,
3 an elevation,
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4 is a partial side view
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5 a partial top view, the
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6 and 7 represent details of the construction,
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8 is the longitudinal section of the same machine tool arranged to operate
in a different manner and for another purpose than that represented in
the Figures 1 to 7 as is described later on in this said Specification,
9 is a top view,
10 a partial side view, and
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11 a partial elevation,
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12 is a diagram of the gearing.
The said machine tool consists of the bed plate A which is provided with a
central slot beneath which a suitable rounded semicircular or other elongated
casing is arranged. The said bed, plate A is cast hollow at the forward end so as
to form the-canal or elongated chamber or casting a.
The screw spindle b has its bearings in each end of the said semicircular or other
casing beneath the bed plate A and reaches at both ends beyond the said,bed

page_text: plate The nut c on the spindle b is provided with a nose-like projection which
passes upwards through a guide slot (Figures 1 and 2) in the bed plate A above the
surface of the said bed plate A. The box like casting or forward part a of the bed
plate A is provided with sawlike or ratchet teeth at the side nearest the nut
whereby the straight surfaces of the entire teeth are arranged towards the centre t
of the part a as shown in Figure 2.
The two wedge like blocks d d which are provided with teeth corresponding to
those in the casting a so as to fill out the spaces of the said teeth in a which said
blocks can be adjusted nearer to or further from the middle of the said part a.
A toothed wheel e and the dissectible combined cord or strap and fly wheel faro
attached to the spindle b by means of which the said spindle b is rotated. If a
metallic tube pipe or rod is so laid on the plate A that the one side of the same
lies against tho wedge blocks d d and the noselike projection of the nut c is.pressed
forward by the rotation of the screw spindle 6 the said tube pipe or rod will bo
bent as shown in Figure 2.
It is evident from the foregoing that my improved universal machine tool can
in the first instanco be employed for bending tubes, pipes, rods and such like and
possesses in such case the advantages :-
that one man is able to bend the widest tubes with facility,
the ends of tubes or rods which in the machines generally employed are left
straight and must be cut off, can be readily bent,
c) tubes, pipes, rods or staves can be bent with extremely small radius.
The elongated hollow casting or case a of the bed plate A serves further as
frame for a metal shearing machine B the lower blade of which is attached to the
case a.
The hollow space of the casting or case a which is intended to increase the
resisting power in tube bending serves also to receive a rod for hammering plates
round.-
The square openings in the upper and lower walls of the casting or case a serve
to receive a bickern, anvil barrel &c. which are inserted in the same as shown in
Figures 1 and 3.
The machine or the frame of the same serves therefore, as substitute for the
ordinary block for the rod for hammering plates round, the bickern or anvil.
The bed plate A is provided with a long guide slot and a cavity or recess in
the toothed side of the casting a to receive the nut c when the same has been
moved so far forward that the said nut is no longer in gear with the screw throads
of the spindle b (Figure 5).
The spindle b which is now freed from gear with the nut c can be employed as
driving shaft for various other machines by applying the parts on hand and
completing the same, by the addition of the other requisite parts for instance :—
1) By applying the driving gear D by means of the rail g (Figure 3) to the bed
plate A in connection with the blower or ventilator C whereby the air produced by
the blower can be employed for blowing the firo on the smiths hearth E which is
screwed to the bed plate A (Figure 5) or lead off by means of the mouth piece h
and a suitable hose to any desired fire or hearth.
2) A shaft which has its bearings attached to the bed plate A can be driven by
the same driving gear D and be employed for rotating an emery wheel or circular
saw so that the machine can be employed as grinding machine or circular saw.
3) A boring machine F can be applied to the rear projecting end of the screw
spindle which said boring machine can be moved or adjusted at any angle froin the
horizontal to the vertical plane by means of the slotted guide i screwed to the bed
plate A and can thus take the place of a radial boring machine.
4) As a creasing machine for creasing the strips of metal from which tubes are
made when the roller is attached to the rear end of the spindle 6 and tho
standard G for carrying the second roller or creasing tool is fixed to the bed plate A
Fig. 10.

page_text: 5) As a circular shearing machine the one cutter m of which is always fastened
to the rear end of the spindle b whereas the other cutter is arranged on the arm H
which is with the other operating parts screwed to the casting a.
The rotation of the spindle b which now operates as the lower knife shaft is
transmitted to the upper knife shaft r by means of the toothed wheels e, n, o, p, q.
When the machine is employed as tube bending machine and especially for large
tubing, a double set of gearing can be employed with the wheel e and transmitter n
in order to lessen the power required to operate the machine in which case the fly
wheel rotates loosely on the spindle b and the pinion or transmitter formed on the
nave of the said fly wheel is connected to the toothed wheel 8 which in its turn
gears with the toothed wheel tas shown by the dotted lines in Figure 12.
This latter wheel t is coupled to the transmitter n which in this case takes the
place of the second gearing from whence the wheel e on the spindle b is driven.
It is evident that with this construction the fly wheel must be keyed to tho
spindle b when the machine is to be employed for other purposes and it is further
ovident that the arrangement of the various parts can be modified without
departing from the tenor of my said Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1) A bending machine for tubing, rails, rods and such like whereby a nut
provided with a suitable nose or projection is set in motion by the rotation of tho
scrow spindle b with or without wheel gearing (Fig. 12) and the poculiar devico
whereby the screw spindle can be employed as driving shaft for various auxiliary
apparatus when the nut is put out of action substantially as described in tho
foregoing Specification and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
2) The arrangement and employment of the cutting or shearing device B in
combination with the frame A which is on the same side provided with squaro
openings to receive bickerns anvils or other similar tools substantially as described
in the foregoing Specification and shown in Fig. 1 and 2 of the accompanying
Drawings.
3) The conversion of the machine mentioned in Claim 1 into a field smithy by
forcing the nut c into that part of the scrow spindle which contains no threads and
inserting or gearing in a ventilator or blower C which is driven by the strap or
cord gearing D on the rail g and arranging the smiths hearth E on the plate A
(Figure 5) substantially as described in the foregoing Specification and shown in
the accompanying Drawings.
4) The combination of the machino described and claimed in Claim 1 with a
grinding machine or a circular saw by attaching such said grinding device or
circular saw with the cord discs employed for driving the same onto the rail g
which said rail is inserted in the machine substantially as described in the foregoing
Specification and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
5) The arrangement of a radial boring machine F on the spindle b which now
acts as driving shaft (Fig. 2 and 4) and the combination of the machine F with the
frame A by means of the adjusting guage i so as to be able to bore series of holes
in a semi-circular line (Fig..4 and 6) substantially as described in the foregoing
Specification and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
6) The combination of a creasing or sheet metal binding device with the
spindle 6 of the machine as claimed in Claim 1 so that the grooved roller is arranged
on the spindle b whilst the bracket G with the roller is screwed to the framo A
substantially as described in the foregoing Specification and shown in Fig. 10 of tho
accompanying Drawings.
7) The combination of the machine as described in the foregoing Specification
and claimed in Claim 1 the spindle of which serves as driving shaft, with circular
sheet metal shears in such manner that the lower knife or cutter sits on the
spindle b whereas the adjustable shaft for the upper cutter has its bearings in an

page_text: arm H and is driven by the toothed wheel on the spindle b by means of suitable
gearing n, o; p, q substantially as described in the foregoing Specification and shown
in the accompanying Drawings.
8) The general construction arrangement and combination of the parts
substantially as described in the foregoing Specification and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.