IMPROVEMENTS IN CALENDERING AND DRESSING WOOLEN CLOTH, SILK, WOOL AND SILK, WOOL AND COTTON, AND COTTON AND SILK
Year: 1878

page_text: 66
LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Charles Henderson, of 6, Southampton Buildings,
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN CALENDERING AND DRESSING WOOLEN CLOTH, SILK, WOOL
AND SILK, WOOL AND COTTON, AND COTTON AND SILK." A communication from
abroad by Eugène Liénart Walnier, Dyer and Dresser, of Tourcoing, in the
Department of Nord, in the Republic of France.
Sealed the 13th May 1879, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, and
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Charles Henderson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th November 1878.
Arthur CHARLES HENDERSON, of 6, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CALENDERING AND
DRESSING WOOLEN CLOTH, SILK, WOOL AND SILK, WOOL AND COTTON, AND
COTTON AND SILK." A communication from abroad by Eugène Liénart Walnier,
Dyer and Dresser, of Tourcoing, in the Department of Nord, in the Republic of
France.
The calender is a machine which up to the present time has only been employed
for calendering linen and cotton cloths, and has never been applied to tissues of pure
wool, silk, wool and silk, wool and cotton, or cotton and silk.
The calendering of these materials is effected by means of a doubler, that is to
say, by aid of a stuff or cloth of some sort serving to sustain the article to be
operated upon, and is rolled with it, and unfolding to receive the action of the
calender.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Arthur Charles Henderson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th May 1879.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of 6, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CALENDERING AND DRESSING
WOOLEN CLOTH, SILK, WOOL AND SILK, WOOL AND COTTON, AND COTTON AND
SILK." A communication from abroad by Eugène Liénart Walnier, Dyer and
Dresser, of Tourcoing, in the Department of Nord, in the Republic of France.
Up to the present time the calendering process has only been employed for
calendering linen and cotton fabrics or tissues, and has not been applied to pure
woollen tissues, silk, wool and silk, wool and cotton, cotton and silk. It is the
novel application of the callender which forms the subject of the present Invention.
The above named tissues, and particularly of China satin, have always been treated
by direct pressure by means of the hydraulic press or by cylinders, which produce
very indifferent and defective results, and leave much to be desired.
The material has not the consistency it should possess, and only retains the lustre
it has acquired for a short time, in fact, it is badly treated, and in a very unsatis-
factory state.
The use of the calender on the other hand imparts to the woolen tissues, silk,
wool and silk, wool and cotton, or cotton and silk a beautifully uniform surface and
a smoothness and lustre which the articles so treated retain.
The calendering of the matters above enumerated is effected by aid of a doubler,
that is to say, by the help of a stuff or cloth of some sort, serving to support the
material to be calendered, and is rolled and unfolded with it for submission to the
operation.
The basis of the Invention forming the subject of the claims is,---
1st. The application of the calendering process to the treatment and glossing of
wool, silk, wool and silk, wool and cotton, cotton and silk, and especially China
satin, pure wool, and so forth.
2nd. In the use of doublers to effect the calendering.
The industrial results accruing from this method are incontestably superior to
those effected by the hydraulic or cylindrical pressure.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Charles Henderson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
A C
HENDERSON