IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hartshorn, of Nottingham, Lace Manu-
facturer, and William Redgate, of the same Place, Draughtsman, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE, AND IN MEANS
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 8th March 1864, and dated the 11th September 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hartshorn and
William Redgate at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th September 1868. .
We, JAMES HARTSHORN, of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, and WILLIAM
REDGATE, of the same Place, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE, AND IN
MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to means for the production of purls in lace
weaving. For this purpose, in addition to the ordinary point bars, we employ
an extra bar or extra bars of points which work above the ordinary points,
but with less motion towards the tops of the bobbin carriages than that given
to the ordinary points, in order that they may enter between the threads near
the line of work, or so that in place of taking up the last twist or mesh, as is
the case with the ordinary points, they take into the meshes previously formed,
and hold them in position, whilst the guide bars operating the purl threads
return, by which these extra points prevent the purls running back. It may

page_text: sometimes be necessary to give a rest to the extra point bar or bars for one or
more motions for the purpose of more effectually fastening the meshes or
purls obtained. We operate such extra point bars by cams or other suitable
apparatus, aided by jacquard when required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Hartshorn and William Redgate in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 11th March 1864.
TO ALL. TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
HARTSHORN, of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, and WILLIAM REDGATE, of
the same Place, Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of September, in, the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Hartshorn and William Redgate, Her special licence that we, the
said James Hartshorn and William Redgate, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Hartshorn and William
Redgate, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF LACE, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the
_condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Hartshorn. and William
Redgate, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Hartshorn and William
Redgate, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manuer the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement. thereof, that is to say :-
Our improvements relate to a mode of applying an extra bår or extra bars
of points in lace machinery, and to the employment of such extra points in

page_text: the production of purls in lace weaving. We apply the extra bar or extra
bars of points to work above the ordinary points, but with less motion towards
the tops of the bobbin carriages than that given to the ordinary points, in
order that they may enter between the threads near the line of work, or so-
that in place of taking up the last twist or mesh, as is the case with the
ordinary points, they take into the meshes previously formed, and hold them
in position, whilst the guide bars operating the purl threads return, by which
these extra points prevent the purls running back. We operate such extra
point bars by cams or other suitable apparatus, aided by jacquard when
required.
Figure 1 shows a Diagram of some of the working parts of a lace machine,.
with one extra point bar added thereto, according to our Invention; Figure 2
shows parts full size in the same position as in Figure 1; Figure 3 shows
the bars in a different position. The same letters apply to similar parts in all
the Figures where they occur.
a is the ordinary front point bar carrying a lead of points a¹; this point bar
is supported by links a³ from the arms a³ affixed to the rocking shaft a', which
bas other arms a carrying trucks or bowls a to run on cams a', by which the
upward and downward motion is communicated to that bar a. b is the
ordinary back point bar carrying leads of points 6'; this bar 6 is supported by
links be from the arms 6s, which are affixed to the rocking shaft b*; to which
are also affixed other arms 65 carrying trucks or bowls 6 to run on cam
surfaces similar to those for operating the front point bar; the to-and-fro
motion to these bars a and b is effected in the ordinary manner. c is the extra:
point bar carrying leads of extra points c¹; the bar c is supported by arms or
links from the arms c³, which are affixed to the rocking shaft c*, to which.
are also affixed arms carrying trucks or bowls c to run upon cams c', by which
the upward and downward motion is communicated to the bar c.. The hori
zontal or to-and-fro motion is communicated to this bar c by the ordinary means.
employed in operating point bars. d are the combs in which the carriages e
move backward and forward; f is the work roller; g, the work bar, and h
indicates a portion of a back casting for supporting the rocking shafts a, b, c..
The shaft carrying the cams for operating the respective point bars is sup-
ported and operated in any suitable manner. The arms a, b, and c³ are

page_text: acted upon by springs or other suitable means, as is well understood by
persons acquainted with lace machinery, in order that their respective trucks
or bowls may be kept pressing against the surfaces of their cams.
. In order that the operation of these parts may be understood, we will now
suppose that the thread or threads of each breadth of fabric to form the purl
we wish to produce has been thrown by its guide bar the number of gaits
desired; the back ordinary point bar is now in the working of the machine
knocked out and lowered to the top of the carriages in order that its points
may lay hold of such purl thread, and take it up to the line of work, thereby
forming a loop; the extra point bar c then follows, but instead of its points c¹
going down 'to the top of the carriages, they need only enter just below the
preceding point bar, and between the same threads or gaits; the front bar then
performs its usual motion, and the back bar of points is then withdrawn to
take up the next row of twist or meshes; during this time the points of the
extra bar c are left in the work to prevent the 'purls or loops just formed from
running back again, which they would otherwise have a tendency to do, and
these extra points c² are kept in these purls or loops until they are fastened in
by the formation of the succeeding row of meshes, when they are, withdrawn:
In some cases we use two extra point bars, but then they merely repeat the
samo process alternately, and by attaching them to the jacquard or other
suitable patterning apparatus they may be thrown in or out of gear as occasion
requires. It may sometimes be necessary to give a rest to the extra point bar
or bars for one or more motions for the purpose of more effectually fastening
the meshes or purls obtained.
In some cases we apply an endway motion to the extra bar or bars of
points by jacquard or other suitable patterning apparatus, by which a leaning
or obliquity of the holes or parts of the lace so acted upon will be obtained,
and in place of using the full complement of points in the extra point bar or
bars, viz., one to every gait, the number of such points may be reduced by
taking them away, except where they are wanted to act upon the fabric to
produce the desired obliquity to the meshes acted upon. In some cases it may
be desirable to apply apparatus to the ordinary point bars to prevent them,
after being lowered to the top of the carriages, from entering the threads and
returning up to their taking-up position without having taken up the last
twist or mesh; and it may also be desirable at the same time to arrest the
winding up of the work, when otherwise the effect might be a slack place
or shade in the lace, at the time the ordinary point bars missed taking up the
twist or mesh.
Having thus described our improvements, and means of operating to

page_text: produce the desired object, we would have it understood that we do not claim
the use of extra point bars generally, the application of extra point bars in lace
machinery not being in itself new.; but what we do claim is, the application
of extra bars of points to operate on the threads above the ordinary point bars,
and the employment of such extra points in producing purls to lace fabric,
substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Hartshorn and William
Redgate, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day of
March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-four.
JAMES HARTSHORN. (L.s.)
WILLIAM REDGATE. (L.S.)
JAMES HARTSHORN. (L.s.)
WILLIAM REDGATE. (L.S.)