IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING ÆRATED LIQUIDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hiram Codd, of No. 6, Park Place, Caledonian
Road, in the County of Middlesex, Soda Water Manufacturer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING ÆRATED
LIQUIDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hiram Codd at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd August 1871.
I, HIRAM CODD, of No. 6, Park Place, Caledonian Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Soda Water Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING
ERATED LIQUIDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES," to be as
follows:-
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to Hiram Codd on
the 24th November 1870 (No. 3070) was described the constructing
bottles for containing ærated liquid in such a manner that the bottle
when filled was closed by a glass ball held by the pressure within tho

page_text: bottle against an elastic seat around the interior of the mouth. To open
such a bottle the glass ball by a slight blow is driven away from its scat
and allowed to fall to the bottom of the bottle. The allowing the ball
to fall into the liquid within the bottle has however this disadvantage,
that tends to accelerate the escape of gas from the ærated liquid, and
also when pouring out the liquid if the bottle be too much inclined the
stopper rolls back to the mouth and again closes it before the bottle is
completely empty. To remedy these inconveniences I form the lower
part of the neck of the bottle of a less diameter than the ball, and
between this contracted portion of the neck and the clastic seat at the
mouth I enlargo the diameter of the neck by preference, so as to form
a semicircular recess all around the interior of the neck of a size slightly
larger than the diameter of the ball. By so constructing the bottle the
ball when driven from its seat will drop to the contracted portion of
the neck and will not enter the body of the bottle, and when the bottle
is inclined to pour out its contents the ball will roll into the recess
around the neck, and will thereby be retained from rolling up to its
clastic seat and again closing the mouth of the bottle. In place of
forming a recess around the interior of the next for the ball to enter
when the contents of the bottle are being poured out, a slight projection
may be formed all around the interior of the neck to obstruct the rolling
of the ball back to its seat when the bottle is being emptied. A recess
or slight projection, such as above described, may be formed around the
interior of the neck to prevent the ball rolling up to its seat when the
bottle is being emptied, whether the lower portion of the neck is con-
tracted as before described, or whether the ball when driven from its
seat is allowed to fall to the bottom of the bottle.
To fill bottles which are fitted with stoppers held by the pressure
within the bottle against a seat in the mouth, the mouth of the bottle
is as usual held up to a nipple, through which the rated liquid is
supplied to the bottle. This nipple is carried on a hollow axis mounted
in bearings, so that after a bottle has been filled it may be turned into
a vertical position before removing it from the nipple; this allows
the stopper to fall to the mouth of the bottle, so that immediately the
bottle is removed from the nipple the stopper closes the mouth. On
one end of the axis is a lever arm with a balance weight upon it, and
the opposite end is fitted with a stuffing box, through which passes an
inlet pipe to supply the ærated liquid to the hollow axis, and on this

page_text: pipe is a stop-cock to shut off the supply of liquid to the hollow axis
after a bottle has been filled. Prejecting from the axis are also two
arms, one on either side of the nipple, and near the outer ends of the
arms is a plate which forms a bed for the bottom of the bottle to rest on
whilst being filled, and by this plate the bottle is held up to the nipple,
the plate being capable of sliding on the arms and being pressed towards
the nipple by springs. When the bottle is to be withdrawn from the
nipple the plate is drawn back away from the axis by depressing a
treadle or otherwise.
-SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Hiram Codd in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd February 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Hmam
CODD, of No. 6, Park Place, Caledonian Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Soda Water Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of August, in the
yrar of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Hiram Codd, Her special license that
I, the said Hiram Codd, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Hiram Codd, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AERATED
LIQUIDS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, tho said Hiram Codd, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Hiram Codd, do hereby deolare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to
say:-
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to Hiram Codd on the
24th November 1870 (No. 3070) was described the constructing bottles
for containing acrated liquid in such a manner that the bottle when
filled was closed by a glass ball held by the pressure within the bottle
against an olastic seat around the interior of the mouth. To open such
a bottle the "glass ball by a slight blow is driven away from its seat and
allowed to fall to the bottom of the bottle. The allowing the ball to fall
into the liquid within the bottle has, however, this disadvantage, that it
tends to accelerate the escape of gas from the aerated liquid, and also
when pouring out the liquid if the bottle be too much inclined the
stopper rolls back to the mouth and again closes it before the bottle is
completely empty. To remedy these inconveniences I form the lower
part of the neck of the bottle of a less diameter than the ball, and
between this contracted portion of the neck and the elastic seat at the
mouth I enlarge the diameter of the neck by preference so as to form a
semicircular recess all around the interior of the neck of a size slightly
larger than the diameter of the ball. By so constructing the bottle the
ball when driven from its seat will drop to the contracted portion of the
neck and will not enter the body of the bottle, and when the bottle is
inclined to pour out its contents the ball will roll into the recess around
the neck, and will thereby be retained from rolling up to its elastic seat
and again closing the mouth of the bottle. In place of forming a recess
around the interior of the neck for the ball to enter when the contents
of the bottle are being poured out, a slight projection may be formed
all around the interior of the neck to obstruct the rolling of the ball
back to its seat when the bottle is being emptied. A recess or slight
projection such as above described may be formed around the interior
of the neck to prevent the ball rolling up to its seat when the bottle is
being emptied, whether the lower portion of the neck is contracted as
before described or whether the ball when driven from its seat is allowed
to fall to the bottom of the bottle.
At Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings hereunto annexed I have shewn
examples of bottles provided with stoppers in the manner described in
the Specification of my before-mentioned Patent, and also formed as

page_text: above described with the lower part of the neck contracted to a width
less than the diameter of the ball stopper.
Figures 1*, 2*, and 3* shew sections taken through the lines A, B, in
Figures 1, 2, and 3; from these sections it will be seen that the necks
of the bottles are at this part contracted from two opposite sides, so
forming the neck at this part into an oval of a width slightly less than
the diameter of the ball stopper. By thus contracting the neck from
two sides only the passage between the neck and the body of the bottle
can never be closed by the ball stopper, and no difficulty will be
experienced in filling the bottle.
To form glass bottles such as shown in the Drawing, a bubble of glass
is first blown and is roughly reduced to the desired form of bottle by
rolling and pressing it upon a heated stone in the ordinary manner. The
roughly shaped bubble is then enclosed in a mould of the form desired
and the bottle is blown therein in the ordinary manner. When the
bottle has been removed from the mould a glass marble, previously.
heated, is dropped into the open mouth of the neck previous to the neck
having the ring or head formed around it. The applying of the ring or
head to the top of the neck is effected in the ordinary manner except
that the tongs or tools imployed are suitably constructed for making a
groove around the interior of the head to receive the ring of elastic
material against which the ball stopper is to close. The form of tool I
prefer to employ for effecting this is shewn at Figure 4 of the Drawings.
The tongs shewn are similar to those now used so far as regards the
parts required for shaping the exterior of the ring or head, but in addition
to the two limbs of the tongs carrying at their ends half moulds for
shaping the exterior of the ring or head as heretofore, they also carry
pieces for shaping its interior; these parts are drawn together when the
tongs are open, so that they can readily enter the neck of a bottle and
move apart when the tongs are closed and come into position for shaping
the interior of the neck or head as shewn. When the bottle has been
allowed to cool, a ring of cork or other elastic material, as for example
vulcanized india-rubber, is inserted into the groove in the ring or head
and the bottle is ready for filling.
I claim as regards this part of my Invention the constructing bottles
for containing aerated liquids substantially as above described.
I will now describe my improved arrangement of apparatus for filling
bottles with crated liquids. This apparatus is applicable for filling

page_text: bottles fitted with ball stoppers as above described, and other bottles
having stoppers which are to be held up against a seat at the mouth by
pressure from within the bottle.
Figure 5 shows a front view, and Figures 6 and 7 end views of my
arrangement of apparatus for filling such bottles. a is the nipple up to
which the mouth of the bottle to be filled is held. The nipple a is carried
on a hollow axis c, mounted in bearings d, so that after a bottle has been
filled it may be inserted into the position shewn at Figure 7 before
removing it from the nipple; this allows the stopper to fall to the mouth
of the bottle, so that immediately the bottle is removed from the nipple
the stopper closes the mouth. On one end of the axis is a lever arm,
with a balance weight e upon it, and the opposite end is fitted by a
stuffing box to a pipe f, through which acrated liquid is supplied to the
hollow axis; g is a screw stop-cock on the pipe f, to shut off the supply
of liquid to the hollow axis after a bottle has been filled. Projecting
from the axis c are also two arms h, one on either side of the nipple, and
upon these slides a plate k, which carries a cap for the bottom of the
bottle to rest in whilst the bottle is being filled. The plate k can bo
pressed up to the nipple by turning the eccentric 6 by its handle b'.
When a bottle has been filled and inserted into the position shewn at :
Figure 7, the eccentric is turned into a position to allow of the bottlo
being removed; the apparatus is then again brought into the position
shewn at Figures 5 and 6 to be ready for filling another bottle.
•
I claim as regards this part of my Invention the construction of
apparatus for filling bottles with aerated liquid, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hiram Oodd, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of February One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two.