IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF TREATING WARP YARNS USED FOR WEAVING, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Holms at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
December 1864.
I, WILLIAM HOLMS, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF TREATING WARP YARNS USED FOR WEAVING, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the system or mode at
present employed for treating warp yarns or webs used in looms for weaving.
According to the existing methods of preparing dyed or partially dyed warp
yarns or webs, these are either first dyed in the hank, wound on bobbins, and
then warped on a beam or beams, and when it is necessary that the threads of
such warps should be dressed or stiffened they are passed through an ordinary
or other dressing machine; or, according to another mode of treating the
warp yarns, these are warped by the spinner, and then dyed in "chain," when
they are opened out, and the threads are arranged upon a beam or beams
(such process being known as "preparing "), after this is done the threads of
such warp if necessary are passed through an ordinary or other dressing
machine, as in the herein-before mentioned process. These two methods are
herein-after described as the first-mentioned old method, and the second-
mentioned old method.
The reason for explaining certain existing methods of preparing and
treating the chains or warps is, that the distinctive features of the present

page_text: Invention may be more completely understood, and this may be explained as
follows: The warp yarn is placed on a beam, or beams, and at one process
it is dyed and dressed, or stiffened, or should it not require to be dressed or
stiffened, the dyeing process is effected alone. These operations are capable
of being carried out in several ways.
According to one modification the beam or beams upon which the warp
yarns are wound previous to being dressed, instead of being placed near to the
trough containing the dressing or stiffening material, as in the ordinary
dressing machine, are situated at a greater distance from it. Intervening
between such beams and the dressing machine is placed a framework carrying
a vat or vats, in which is placed the colouring matter for dyeing the threads;
the framing containing the dye vat or vats may be made in one piece with the
framing of an ordinary dressing machine, or it may be separate, as may be found
most convenient. Within the dye vat or vats there are situated one or more
carrying rollers, over or under which the threads of the warp pass as they
are wound on to the weaver's beam; passing from the dye vat or vats tho
threads are conducted over heated cylinders, or heated currents are impelled
against them by fanners, so as to drive off the moisture arising from the
dyeing process and thus drying them. After being dried they pass through
the trough containing the stiffening or dressing solution, the remaining part of
the process being similar to that used in the ordinary dressing machine.
Under another modification of this Invention instead of performing the pro-
cess of dyeing and dressing under two separate and distinct operations, these two
may be combined into one operation by simply mixing the dyeing mixture and
the dressing or stiffening mixture together in the dye vat or vats; after the
threads have passed through this they are dried, as herein-before mentioned, or
in any other suitable manner. It is obvious that there are several other modi-
fications under which the processes of stiffening, dyeing, or preparing may be
carried out in the same machine besides those herein-before specified.
In reference to the herein-before first-mentioned old process, the advantages
resulting from the use of this Invention are, first, that the whole cost of
winding, reeling, and putting the yarn into hank, and winding the same on
bobbins, and the process of separate dressing of the warp on to a beam or
beams besides the waste usually incurred by these separate operations are
avoided.
In reference to the second-mentioned old process, the cost of preparing or
putting the chain on a bean or on beams, the breakage of yarn consequent
thereon are avoided, whilst a saving is also effected in the cost of dyeing and
dressing, another advantage being that the warp yarn is much better prepared.

page_text: Under another modification of this Invention the colouring matter is printed
on to the warp yarn, either by blocks or rollers, in lieu of causing the yarn
to pass through the dye vat or vats.
Another part of this Invention has reference to the employment of a
bleaching solution in lieu of the colour, as herein-before described, and when
the bleaching solution is employed it is placed in dye vats in substitution of
the colour, thereby bleaching the threads or yarns as they are passed
through it.