IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING WOOLLEN YARNS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Smith, of the Firm of Robert Smith and Son,
and John Henderson Smith, Mill Manager to the said Firm of Robert Smith
and Son, of Parkvale and Hayford Mills, in the County of Stirling, North
Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING WOOLLEN YARNS,
AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
Sealed the 4th July 1879, and dated the 7th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Smith and John
Henderson Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on-the 7th
February 1879.
ROBERT SMITH, of the Firm of Robert Smith and Son, and JOHN HENDERSON
SMITH, Mill Manager to the said Firm of Robert Smith and Son, of Parkvale and
Hayford Mills, in the County of Stirling, North Britain, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CARDING WOOLLEN YARNS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREFOR."
The said Invention relates to improvements in or additions to carding and con-
densing engines, for the purpose of producing flaked, clouded, or spotted yarn, such
flakes, clouds, or spots to be at regular or irregular distances apart. The said
improvements or additions are applicable to ordinary condensers and finishing
carders, whether having single or double doffers. According to the said Invention,
roving or slubbing threads from condensers or other machines are conveyed from one
or more condenser bobbins through feed rollers to a taker-in-roller on the cylinder,
doffer, or doffers of the condensing carder. The said taker-in-roller having on it
strips of card, bristle-comb, or other toothed surface of equal or unequal widths,
and placed at equal or unequal distances apart. The taker-in-roller lays the roving
or slubbing threads upon the cylinder, doffer, or doffers of the condensing carder,
where it blends with the wool or other fibre on the said carding engine.

page_text: OPECIFICATIO
in pursua
the said Robert Smith and John Henderson Smith in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th August 1879.
ROBERT SMITH, of the Firm of Robert Smith and Son, and JOHN HENDERSON
SMITH, Mill Manager to the said Firm-of-Robert-Smith-and.Son, of Parkyale_and_
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Hayford Mills, in the County of Stirling, North Britain.
CARDING WOOLLEN YARNS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREFOR."
Our said Invention relates to improvements in or additions to carding or con-
densing engines, for the purpose of producing flaked, clouded, or spotted yarn,. the
flakes, clouds, or spots whereof may be at regular or irregular distances apart, the
said improvements or additions being applicable to ordinary condensers and finishing
carders, whether having single or double doffers.
According to our said Invention, roving or slubbing threads from condensers or
other machines of a colour or colours different from that of the wool or other fibre.
passing through the carding engine are conveyed from one or more condenser
bobbins through feed rollers to a taker-in roller in proximity to the cylinder, doffer,
or doffers of the condensing, carder, the said taker-in roller having on it strips of
card, bristle-comb, or other toothed surface of equal or unequal widths, and placed
at equal or unequal distances apart. The said taker-in roller lays the roving or
slubbing threads upon the cylinder, doffer, or doffers of the condensing carder, where;
they blend with the wool or other fibre on the said cylinder, doffer, or doffers.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood we now
proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner in or under
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :-
:
the same.
-
33
Figure 1 represents the "swift or cylinder (marked A) of a carding engine, and
illustrates the application of our Invention thereto; Figure 2 represents a plan of
6 indicates a condenser bobbin, upon which are roving or slubbing
threads of the colour required to form the flakes, clouds, or spots. The said threads
are caused to pass (by rotating a surface roller c) from the said bobbin through
guides d, which keep the threads at a position and distance apart corresponding
with the position and distance apart of the centre lines of the width of the rings
of cards around the doffer. The said threads pass from these guides over a roller e,
thence between the rollers e and f, and thence between the rollers f and g, as indi-
cated by the line h. As they emerge from the said rollers f and g, the said threads
are seized by cards or their equivalents upon a taker-in roller i, which lays the-
portions of the said threads which it takes up upon the cylinder A, where the said
portions blend with the wool or other fibre passing through the machine. The said
roller has fixed longitudinally upon its periphery strips of card, bristle comb, or
the like, as at j. We have shewn the said roller as having three such strips, but
may have one or two strips, or more than three strips, and they may be of the
same or of different widths, and placed equi-distantly or at unequal distances apart
to give different varieties of flake, cloud, or spot. The roller e is either of wood or
iron. The roller f is preferably a smooth steel roller, and the roller g is covered
with card teeth or the like, to ensure the delivery of the threads to the taker-in
roller ȧ.
it
The direction of rotation of the rollers is indicated by the arrows.
The arrangement described may be applied to the doffer or doffers of single or
double doffer carding engines instead of to the cylinder, or it may be applied both
to the doffer or doffers and cylinder. We do not limit ourselves to any precise
position upon the said cylinder, or doffer, or doffers, whereat the said arrangement is

page_text: to be applied. In Figure 1 we have shewn an arrangement similar to that herein
before described applied to the doffer K, as well as to the cylinder A, so that flakes,
clouds, or spots may be deposited of different colours. The parts and their actions
are precisely similar to those hereinbefore described, and we have marked the corre-
sponding parts with similar letters of reference, with the addition of the numeral 2.
In double doffers, both the doffers and the cylinder may be furnished with a similar
arrangement, so that flakes, clouds, or spots of three different colours may be mixed
with the wool or fibre passing through the machine.
We have not in the Drawing shown details of the machine which are of the
ordinary kind, nor have we shewn the means for supporting and driving the various
rollers, as they may have their bearings in framework attached to any convenient
part of the machine, and they may also be driven from any convenient part of the
machine, which will give proper speeds and directions; for instance, the taker-in i
may be driven from the cylinder shaft by a crossed band; the bottom roller may
be driven by a band from the ordinary "taker-in" at the back of the machine, and
the roller may receive its motion from the said roller g by spur gearing. The
roller e is not directly driven, but revolves by friction. The roller c may be slowly
driven by a band from a small pulley on the shaft of the roller g, passing over a
large pulley on the said roller c.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may be
used or practically carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
us by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,-
The improvements in carding woollen yarn, and in the machinery or apparatus
employed therefor, consisting in combining with the cylinder, or doffer, or doffers of
carding or condensing engines, or one, or either, or any, or all of them, the arrange-
ment or its equivalent, essentially as and for the purpose herein before described, and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henderson Smith, on behalf, of myself
and the said Robert Smith, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth
day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy nine.
JOHN HENDERSON SMITH. (L.S.)