Improvements in Dyeing or Colouring Asbestos Cloth or Fabrics.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 4th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dyeing or Colouring Asbestos Cloth or Fabrics.
..J. LIONEL CRESSWELL of Woodhall, Calverley in the County of York,
Barrister-at-Law of the Middle Temple, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to colouring matters employed in connection with asbestos
uianufactures intended for use where exposure to great heat occurs, for example
fire screens and in particular the asbestos fireplace blind or "Curfew "invented
by me and secured by Letters Patent No. 9077 of 1892.
The chief object of my invention is to produce an asbestos cloth with the dye or
colour so fixed that exposure to high temperatures will not cause any unsightly
change or loss of color. This I accomplish by taking advantage of the well
Known reaction of silver salts on organic matter, causing a black or dark coloured
indelible stain on exposure to heat, e.g. as in marking inks.
According to my invention first of all I dye the cloth by any suitable known
process (dark browns are the colours which I find most suitable as they sbew
feast change in subsequent processes and from the exposure to heat) and taking
such dyed asbestos cloth in pieces of a convenient size I pass them through a bath
of a solution of silver salts (prepared as described hereafter) wring through rollers
and dry by exposure to heat; for example by ironing placing sheets of parchment
paper on the cloth to prevent the iron from being in actual contact therewith, as
interaction between the silver salt and the surface of the smoothing iron would
otherwise set up, or by passing over heated metal plates e.g. finisher's singeing
plates.
The silver bath I prepare by taking ten ounces of pure. nitrate of silver
(AgNO) which I dissolve in one imperial pint of ammonium hydrate (NH₂HO),
and, then add ten imperial pints of distilled water in which five ounces of pure
English dextrine (CHO) have been carefully dissolved.
Or instead of nitrate of silver I use a solution of ammonio-acetate or tartrate of
silver in whieh dextrine is dissolved. The salts argentic ammonio-acetate or
tartrate I prepare by dissolving silver nitrate in distilled water adding a solution
of caustic soda in slight excess, collecting the precipitate on a filter, washing,
grinding in a mortar with acetic or tartaric acid in sufficient quantity and theu
adding water and ammonium hydrate to ensure complete dissolution.
The quantities and proportions berein mentioned are those with which I have
obtained the most, uniform results, but I do not wish to be bound to or by them as
circumstances may require a bath of a stronger or one of a weaker nature.
Dated this 12th day of February 1895.

page_text: Improvements in Dyeing or Colouring Asbestos Cloth or FaDTICS.
I LIONEL CRESSWELL of Woodhall Calverley, in the County of York,
Barrister-at-Law of the Middle Temple, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
. My invention relates to colouring matters employed in connection with asbestos
manufactures intended for use where exposure to great heat occurs, for example,
fire screens and in particular the asbestos fireplace or blind or "Curfew" invented
by me and secured by Letters Patent No. 9077 of 1892.
The chief object of my invention is to produce an asbestos cloth with the dye or
colour so fixed that exposure to high temperatures will not cause any unsightly
change or loss of colour..
This I accomplish by taking advantage of the well known reaction of silver salts
on organic matter, causing a black or dark coloured indelible stain on exposure to
heat e.g.; as in marking inks.
According to my invention first of all I dye the cloth by any suitable known
process (dark browns are the colours which I find most suitable as they shew least
change in subsequent processes and from the exposure to heat) and taking such
dyed asbestos cloth in pieces of a convenient size I pass them through a bath of
a solution of silver salts (prepared as described hereafter), wring-through rollers
and dry by exposure to heat, for example by ironing placing sheets of parchment
paper on the cloth to prevent the iron from being in actual contact therewith, as
interaction between the silver salt and the surface of the smoothing iron would
otherwise set up, or by passing over heated metal plates, e.g. finisher's singeing
plates.
The silver bath I prepare by taking ten ounces of pure nitrate of silver (AgNO3)
which I dissolve in one imperial pint of ammonium hydrate (NH.HO) and then
add ten imperial pints of distilled water in which five ounces of pure English
dextrine (CHO) have been carefully dissolved.
Or instead of nitrate of silver I use a solution of ammonio-acetate or tartrate of
silver in which dextrine is dissolved. The salts argentic ammonio-acetate or
tartrate I prepare by dissolving silver nitrate in distilled water, adding a solution
of caustic soda in slight excess, collecting the precipitate on a filter, washing,
grinding in a mortar with acetic or tartaric acid in sufficient quantity then adding
water and ammonium hydrate to ensure complete dissolution.
The quantities and proportions herein mentioned are those with which I have
obtained the most uniform results but I do not wish to be bound to or by them as
circumstances may require a bath of a stronger or one of a weaker nature.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improvements in dyeing or colouring asbestos cloth or fabrics consisting in
the use of a solution of ammonio-nitrate or ammonio-acetate or tartrate of silver
in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated this 2nd day of November 1895.