IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO COLLIERY AND LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ABRESTING OR RETARDING THEIR MOTION AT REQUIRED INTERVALS, AND OF INDICATING THE AMOUNT OF WORK DONE IN RELATION TO SUCH INTERVALS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Heth Ogden, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, and Henry Hibbert, of the same Place, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO COLLIERY AND LOCOMOTIVE
ENGINES, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ABRESTING OR RETARDING THEIR MOTION AT
REQUIRED INTERVALS, AND OF INDICATING THE AMOUNT OF WORK DONE IN
RELATION TO SUCH INTERVALS."
Sealed the 5th June 1857, and dated the 5th December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hetli Ogden and Henry
Hibbert at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 5th December 1856.
We, the said HETH OGDEN, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, and HENRY HIBBERT, of the same Place, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said. Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO
COLLIERY AND LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ARRESTING OR RETARDING
THEIR MOTION AT REQUIRED INTERVALS, AND OF INDICATING THE AMOUNT OF WORK
DONE IN RELATION TO SUCH INTERVALS," to be as follows:-
An extra steam cylinder is provided, with an ordinary piston and a two-
port slide valve, governed by the action of cams mounted upon a shaft; these
cams are caused to revolve by means of a worm wheel in connexion with any
convenient part of the engine, so that when the cam arrives into a certain
position the valve lever will be raised and the steam allowed to enter tho

page_text: cylinder above-mentioned, so at to act upon the brake, at the same time the
rod in connexion with the throttlo or other valve for cutting off the steam
from the engine will be actuated so as to cause the said valve to close
gradually. When it is desired to reverse the motion of the engine the valvo
lover is changed on to a cam, which will also allow the steam to escape from
the extra cylinder and remove the brake; or when it is desired to stop the
winding motion at any particular point the valve lever is placed upon a con-
centric cam. A certain portion of the periphery of the cam represents the space
passed through for the whole of the lift from the mine; the attendant there-
fore can by observing it ascertain the amount of work done towards the
period for stopping the engine, and can therefore know the position of the
load being raised. To facilitate this, a disc may be employed with figures
thereon corresponding to the whole lift, such figures being used in connexion
with a fixed point. The cams above alluded to may be employed in con-
junction with a screw lever or other mechanical arrangement for actuating the
brake instead of being combined with the steam cylinder, which form another
portion of our Invention. In applying our improvements to locomotive
engines, we use a steam cylinder capable of boing put into action by the
shifting of a lever, as above described; this lever is also at determined
intervals moved by the action of a cam, caused to revolve by the trail wheel,
and can therefore be regulated in its motion so as to move in proportion to
the speed of the train. The cam we employ consists of a disc with an adjustable
projecting part, and upon such disc aro marked the names of the various
stations at which the train is to be stopped. When one of these is at a fixed
point the adjustable projection will havo arrived in contact with the valve
lever, the break will then be put on, and the steam shut off from the working
cylinders, as described in reference to the stopping of the colliery engine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Heth Ogden and Henry Hibbert in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th June 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HETH
OGDEN, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and HENRY HIBBERT,
of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Heth Ogden and Henry Hibbert, Her especial license that we, the said
Heth Ogden and Henry Hibbert, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Heth Ogden and Henry Hibbert, our exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO COLLIERY AND
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ARRESTING OR RETARDING THEIR MOTION
AT REQUIRED INTERVALS, AND OP INDICATING THE AMOUNT OF WORK DONE IN
RELATION TO SUCH INTERVALS," upon the condition, amongst others, that we,
the said Heth Ogden and Henry Hibbert, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to bo performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Heth Ogden and Henry Hibbert, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, (that is to say) :-
The object of our Invention as regards colliery engines is the prevention of
accidents, by winding over the head gear, and especially in deep mines, to
prevent the weight of the down ropo drawing the up cage over the head gear,
and also to shew the position of the cage in the shaft.
In the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 represents a sido elevation of the
apparatus for colliery engines; Fig. 2, a section thereof, looking from tho
other side; and Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, detached portions. The main shaft of the
engine is shewn at a, communicating motion by means of wheels b, c, to a
shaft d; upon this shaft is a worm e, taking into a worm wheel f, mounted
upon a shaft g. On the shaft g are are mounted discs forming two circular
grooves h, h, within each of which are three tappets or cams, one set of which
is shewn in Fig. 2, at i, j, k; above these, and situate within one of the
grooves.h is a roller 7, carried by a lever m, mounted upon a centre n, so as to
be capable of moving in a vertical direction, and it is formed in two parts so
as to move also in a transverse direction upon a pin o, the attendant therefore
can lift it so as to raise the roller 1, and transfer it sideways into either of the

page_text: grooves h or h*. The lever m is situate within another lever p, formed as a
fork for that purpose, and which is also capable of turning upon the centre n,
the whole being balanced by a spring r, but there is sufficient space for the
independent transverse motion before described of tho first-mentioned lever,
and the two are caused to move together vertically by a pin q; to this pin is
connected a link s which extends downward, and is there attached to the rod
t of a slide valve u, so arranged as to admit steam to the under side of a
piston v. When this takes place, the piston by ascending will draw upward
one end of a chain W, thereby causing a bell-crank lever X to turn upon its
centre and bring the brake Y into action. To the pin 7 before mentioned is
adapted a lever Z by means of a slot; this lever turns upon a centre at 1, and
its other end carries a roller 2, which acts as an abutment for a series of
excentrics 3, 4, 5, sliding upon but turning with the shaft d, and pressed
onward against the roller 2 by a spring G. Over the excentrics 3, 4, 5 is
situate a fork 7 upon a rod 8, which is connected below to a bell-crank lever
9, one part of which carries a rod 10 proceeding to the ordinary throttle or
other valve used for shutting off steam from the engine. The operation of
This part of our Invention is as follows:-Suppose the lift to be just com-
mencing from the mine, the roller will be on that part of the periphery of the
cam between the portions i, k, and as the said cam revolves the tappet i will
first arrive in contact with the roller 1, thereby causing the lever to turn
upward a short distance upon its centro n; the effect of this will be to move
tho slide valve u in some degree, but not sufficiently to let in the steam, and
the break will therefore remain inactive; the said rising of the lever m, will
however, at the same time cause the lever Z to turn upon its centre, thereby
withdrawing the roller 2 from contact with tho excentrics 3, 4, 5, the first of
which will therefore be moved forward by the spring 6 into such a position as
will enable it to act upon the rod 8, and through it upon the throttle or other
valve of the engine, so as to shut off a portion of the steam; the cam still
continuing to revolve, the tappet j will next arrive in contact with the roller 1,
thereby causing the lever m to turn furthor upward upon its centre, and by
removing the roller 2 from the excentrics 3, 4, 5 allow of the second one
being pushed forward by the spring 6, so as to operate again upon the rod 8,
and cause a further quantity of steam to be shut off from the engine. The
turning of the lever m will also again move the slide valvo u, but still not to a
sufficient extent to admit steam to the cylinder. A continued revolution of
the cam will now bring the third tappet k into operation, which will act after
the manner above described; but as at this time the lift will have been
accomplished, the excentric 5 will close the throttle or other valve, and allow

page_text: steam to pass beneath the piston v, in order to bring the break into operation.
The speeds of the parts are so arranged that the axis of the cams i, j, k, will
not make more than a revolution, and they have now to act in the reverse
direction, the attendant therefore moves the lever m sideways upon its centre,
so as to place the roller within the other groove h or h*, within which are
tappets arranged so as to act after the manner above described, and in doing
this he moves the slide valve u by the connexions shewn and described, so as
to allow the steam to pass from the cylinder simultaneously, also the excentrics
3, 4, 5 are pushed backward to their starting position by the lever, and the
throttle valve of the engine is allowed to admit steam. Upon the shaft g is a
disc 11, having divisions thereon corresponding to yards or other lengths in
the depth of the mine; connected with this is a fixed pointer 12; as the shaft
g, therefore, revolves, the scale is carried round and shows the proportion of
lift that has taken place. Upon the shaft g on the other side is also mounted
a tappet 13, which, when a lift is completed, arrives in contact with a stop 14
upon a lever 15 (see Figs. 5 and 6), so, as to cause it to turn upon a centro
and bring a click 16 into action upon a ratchet wheel 17, and the same
operation takes place when the shaft turns in the opposite direction, the tappet
then acting against another stop 18. The ratchet wheel is connected to a
train of wheelwork mounted behind a dial plate, and constituting a "count,"
so that each lift is registered for inspection. In connexion with the above-
described apparatus we have shewn a method of applying the break direct
from the up cage should the engineer start the wrong way, or the weight
of the down rope and a deficiency of steam draw the cage toward stho
head gear; in such cases it will arrive in contact with a lever 19, so as to
operate by the connexions shewn upon the lever m, which being then turned
upon its centre will bring the break into action, as before described.
Fig. 1: A is a detached view shewing a modification of our improvement
relating to the throttle valve. A bar 20 is mounted so as to be capable of
sliding in a framework 21; upon this are formed a series of notches 22, 23, 24,
above which is a rod 25, connected to the lever m before described; when this
lever is turned upward, the bar 20 being elevated, will be drawn forward by
the weight 26, until arrested by one of the notches 22, 23, or 24, against a
stop 27, and thus progressive closings of the throttle valve are affected by
connecting the end of the bar 20 thereto.
Our Invention relating to locomotive engines is shewn at Figs. 7 and 8.
Upon the trail axle a is mounted a worm b, communicating motion to
an upright shaft c; upon this. is a worm d, taking into a wheel e upon the

page_text: axis of a disc g, by which means, therefore, the said disc is caused to.
revolve slowly. Upon the axis f is mounted loosely a lever. h, capable,
however, of being made fast to the disc g by means of a nut i, and it
may therefore occupy any required position. Upon a fixed centre is
mounted a lever 1, the other end thereof being situate beneath a hand lever s,
connected with the slide valve rod 1 of an auxiliary steam cylinder m, the
piston rod n of which extends downwards, and is connected by a lever o to a
break of any ordinary construction. The face of the disc g is marked with
divisions corresponding to miles over which the trail wheel will travel, or the
names of the stations at which the engine is to stop are inscribed thereon.
Upon starting, the engineer moves the lever h around the axle f, until it is
opposite to the name of the station at which the engine is to stop, or to the
number of miles the train is to travel before stopping, and makes the said]
lever fast in that position by means of the nut i. The trail wheel during the
running of the train will cause the disc g to revolve, carrying with it the lever
h, a projecting part upon the end of which will arrive in contact with the
lever so soon as the determined distance shall have been attained; the levor
I will then be caused to turn upon its centre and lift the valvo rod 1, by
which means steam will be admitted beneath the piston in the cylinder m, and
the break will be put on through the medium of the lever o and rod p. Upon
the centre is the ordinary setting-on lever q, one end of which is connected.
by a spring and chain r to the lever o, by which means, therefore, when the
said lever turns, as before described, it will cause the setting-on lever to cut off
the steam; the engineer then withdraws the break by pressing down the hand
lever s, and turns the lever round to the mark corresponding to the next
period of stopping, so that the break may then be brought into operation as
before. It will be evident that as the disc g revolves with an uniform speed,
the engineer may, by inspecting the position of tho lever h, ascertain at any
time his position upon the line, should he be unacquainted with the locality,
or in case of foggy weather.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be
understood that we claim, as secured to us under the above in part recited.
Letters Patent, and as applied to colliery engines,―
Firstly, the employment of an extra steam cylinder, to which steam is
admitted by a revolving cam or cams, so as to bring the break into action.
Secondly, the employment of a revolving cam or cams, for gradually, or at
intervals, operating upon the throttle valve of the working engine.

page_text: Thirdly, the employment of a revolving surface for showing the position of
the load being raised, and any one of the above portious of our Invention may,
if desired, be used separately.
As applied to locomotive engines, we claim the employment of a disc with
tappet moving in proportion to the speed of cam or the engine, for the purposes
above set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Heth Ogden and Henry Hibbert, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-ninth day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.