An Improved Plaited Packing for Glands and Joints in Steam Engines, Pumps, and other Mechanical Appliances, and the Method of Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 20th Apr., 1889-Accepted, 22nd June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Plaited Packing for Glands and Joints in Steam Engines,
Pumps, and other Mechanical Appliances, and the Method of
Manufacturing the same.
I LIONEL GORDON CRESSWELL of Fagley House, Eccleshill in the County of
York, Barrister-at-Law do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of that class of packing for glands and
joints in steam engines, pumps and other mechanical appliances which is made in the
form of square or retangular ropes or gaskets, composed of single threads of yarn
or threads of two or more fold yarn first twisted together into strands, eight or twelve
or other number of such strands, being then plaited together or around cores, com-
posed of threads of yarn twisted together or of india rubber or wire or other material
suitable for cores.
Asbestos, flax, hemp, jute cotton or any other fibres, animal vegetable or mineral,
or wires may be employed, and a core composed of threads of yarn, straight laid or
twisted together or of india rubber, or wire, or of any other material that may add
strength or expansibility may be inserted longitudinally in each of the strands; or in
the centre of the whole packing or gasket whilst the strands are being plaited; or in
each or any of the strands and in the centre of the whole packing or gasket in
addition.
This packing is made either in continuous or definite lengths of varying thicknesses
and cut to the proper size for the stuffing box or joint when required to be used.
The object of my invention is to produce a stronger, more durable and efficient
square or rectangular rope packing or gasket than is at present known by uniting the
threads composing the strands more firmly together than can be done by mere twisting
in the ordinary way, and thereby causing them to retain more effectually whatever
lubricating material may be applied during manufacture, and at the same time
increasing the strength and durability of the strands.
This I effect by interweaving or braiding together in continuous or definite lengths
as may be convenient a number of threads of single, two, three or other folded yarn-
which number varies according to the thickness of packing to be made by means of
a braiding machine (such as is ordinarily used in the manufacture of engine packing
or the like) such threads being interwoven or braided either by themselves, or braided
around a core composed of threads of yarn laid straight or twisted together or around
an india-rubber or wire core, or a core of any other suitable material as aforesaid.
I then cut off convenient lengths of such strands and plait as many of the lengths
together by hand or on a square plaiting machine as will produce a square packing or
gasket or packing or gasket of rectangular section but prefer to plait together only
eight of such strands though ten or twelve or more may and can be used.
The strands may be plaited together by themselves or around a core composed of
threads of yarn laid straight or twisted together, or around an india-rubber or wire
core of any other material suitable as aforesaid.
Dated this 7th 1000
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Plaited Packing for Glands and Joints in Steam Engines,
Pumps, and other Mechanical Appliances, and the Method of
Manufacturing the same.
I LIONEL GORDON CRESSWELL of Fagley House, Eccleshill in the County of York,
Barrister-at-Law, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the manufacture of that class of packing for glands and
joints in steam engines, pumps and other mechanical appliances which is made in the
form of square or rectangular ropes or gaskets, composed of single threads of yarn,
or threads of two or more fold yarn first twisted together into strands, eight or twelve
or other number of such strands being then plaited together or around cores, composed
of threads of yarn twisted together, or of india rubber or wire or other material
suitable for cores.
Asbestos, flax, hemp, jute cotton or any other fibres, animal, vegetable or
mineral or wires may be employed and a core composed of threads of yarn straight
laid or twisted together, or of india rubber or wire, or of any other material that may
add strength or expansibility may be inserted longitudinally in each of the strands; or
in the centre of the whole packing or gasket whilst the strands are being plaited; or
in each or any of the strands and in the centre of the whole packing or gasket in
addition.
This packing is made either in continuous or definite lengths of varying
thicknesses and cut to the proper size for the stuffing box joint when required to
be used.
The object of my invention is to produce a stronger, more durable and efficient
square or rectangular rope packing or gasket than is at present known, by uniting the
threads composing the strands more firmly together than can be done by mere twisting
in the ordinary way, and thereby causing them to retain more effectually whatever
lubricating material may be applied during manufacture and at the same time
increasing the strength and durability of the strands.
This I effect by interweaving or braiding together in continuous or definite lengths
as may be convenient a number of threads, of single, two, three or other fold yarn
which number varies according to the thickness of packing to be made, by means
of a braiding machine (such as is ordinarily used in the manufacture of engine
packings or the like) such threads being interwoven or braided either by themselves,
or braided around a core composed of threads of yarn laid straight or twisted together
or around an india rubber or wire core, or a core of any other suitable material as
aforesaid.
I then cut off convenient lengths of such strands so manufactured and plait as
many of the lengths together by hand or on a square plaiting machine as will produce
a square packing or gasket, or packing or gasket of rectangular section, but I prefer
to plait together only eight of such strands though ten or twelve or more may and
can be used. The strands may be plaited together by themselves or around a core
composed of threads of yarn laid straight or twisted together, or around an india
rubber or wire core of any other material suitable as aforesaid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. Interweaving or braiding together for use as strands (in the manufacture of
square or rectangular rope packings or gaskets) threads of asbestos, hemp, flax, jute,
cotton or other vegetable, animal or mineral fibres or wires either by themselves, or
around longitudinally inserted cores of straight laid threads of yarns or of threads of
yarn twisted together, or of india rubber, wire or other material suitable for cores
on account of its strength or expansibility.

page_text: Secondly. I claim the improved square or rectangular packing produced by
interplaiting by hand or by machinery eight or more strands made in the afore-
mentioned manner, either by themselves or around a longitudinally inserted core of
threads of yarn laid straight or twisted or a core of india rubber, wire or other
material suitable for cores on account of its strength or expansibility.
Dated this 18th day of April 1889
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.