An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Kilning Malt.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Kilning Malt.
I, RICHARD HOWARD LEAKER, of Montague Villa, Kingsdown Parade, in the
City and County of Bristol, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to kilning malt and to preparing it prior to kilning.
According to this invention the grain is charged into reticulated or perforated
cylinders having a diameter varying approximately from about 18 inches to 30 inches.
These cylinders which are rotated slowly by means of suitable gearing are preferably
situated at a height of about 25 feet to 30 feet above the kiln furnace, the heat
from which is, by suitable passages, controlled by dampers, directed to act in
conjunction with a considerable proportion of air in and around the cylinders,
the contents of which are thus slowly and uniformly dried at a comparatively low
temperature.
Deflecting plates are employed to assist in concentrating the heat and air in and
around the cylinders.
When the green malt or corn has been in this way sufficiently dried-a process
requiring approximately 14 to two days-the doors of the cylinders or rotary drying
cages are unfastened and when, in the rotation of the cages the doors are brought
undermost, the grain is discharged thereat into hoppers situated below the cages,
and from these hoppers the grain descends to similar cylindrical cages arranged
below the series first above mentioned. The latter set of cages is situated at
approximately about 20 feet above the furnace, by the heat from which the grain
contained in them is kilned or finished off at a higher temperature.
It is to be understood that the heat which acts on the upper series of cages is
preferably not passed through the lower series but is independently directed to the
upper series.
However, in applying the invention to ordinary double floor kilns the heat first
passes through and around the lower series of cages before ascending to the upper
series.
Io kilning houses having one kilning floor only, one set of reticulated or
perforated rotating cages are employed in which the grain is first dried and
afterwards finished or kilned at a higher degree of heat than that used
for drying.
·
Dated this 15th day of January 1809
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Bristol Bank Buildings, Bristol, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Kilning Malt.
I, RICHARD HOWARD LEAKER, of Montague Villa, Kingsdown Parade, in the
City and County of Bristol, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to kilning malt and to preparing it prior to final kilning.
According to this invention the grain is charged into reticulated or perforated
cylinders having a diameter varying approximately from about 18 inches to 30 inches.
These cylinders which are rotated slowly by means of suitable gearing are preferably.

page_text: situated at a height of about 25 feet to 30 feet above the kiln furnace the heat from
which is, by suitable passages controlled by dampers, directed to act in conjunction
with a considerable proportion of air in and around the cylinders the contents of
which are thus slowly and uniformly dried at a comparatively low temperature.
Deflecting plates are employed to assist in concentrating the heat and air on and
around the cylinders.
When the green malt or corn has been in this way sufficiently dried-a process
requiring approximately 1 to 2 days-the doors of the cylinders or rotary drying
cages are unfastened and when in the rotation of the cages the doors are brought
undermost, the grain is discharged thereat into hoppers situated below the cages,
and from these hoppers the grain descends to similar cylindrical cages arranged
below the series first abovementioned. The latter set of cages is situated at approxi-
mately about 20 feet above the furnace, by the heat from which the grain contained
in them is kilned or finished off at a higher temperature.
It is to be understood that the heat which acts on the upper series of cages is
preferably not passed through the lower series, but is independently conducted
directly to the upper series.
However, in applying the invention to ordinary double floor kilns the heat
first passes through and around the lower series of cages before ascending to the
upper series.
The accompanying drawing represents in vertical section a pair of malt-kilning
structures A and B constructed and fitted for kilning malt in accordance with this
invention. The structure A is shown in section taken at a right angle to that of
the section of the structure B. Each structure has two floors a and b and in cach
storey is a series of cylindrical recticulated malting drums or cages, those in the
upper storey being indicated by the letter e and those in the lower by c'.
The structures are shown as fitted with means for directing the heat to one floor
only, or to either floor separately, or to both together, as described and claimed in
the Specification of an invention the subject of a former application made by me
for Letters Patent, dated Nov. 4, 1891 and numbered 18997.
According to this present invention the malt, elevated to the uppermost floor
from the various storeys in the malt lofts C, is fed first into hoppers d and by them
delivered into the series of reticulated cylinders c arranged to be rotated by
suitable pulleys and gearing. While in these cylinders c, which may vary from
18 to 30 inches in diameter, the malt is subjected to the action of heated air, the
air being supplied from the outside and mixed with the gases from 'the furnace e
and conducted directly therefrom through the tubes e to the upper floor. The
cylinders e which are rotated slowly are preferably situated at a height of about
25 to 30 feet above the furnace e. Deflectors are employed to concentrate the
heated air upon the cylinders c and the malt contained therein. When the green
malt or corn has been in this way sufficiently dried at a low temperature-a
process requiring approximately a day and half or two days-the doors.g of the
cylinders care unfastened and, when, in the rotation of the cages the doors
brought undermost, the grain is discharged thereat into the hoppers d and
descends thence into the reticulated cylinders c¹ in which, as the cylinders rotate,
the grain is again subjected to the action of heat conducted into the lower storey
directly from the furnace e situated at about 20 feet below the cylinders c¹.
Deflectors are employed to concentrate the heated air to act on the cylinders c
and the grain therein contained. This second heating, which is at a higher
temperature, completes the process of kilning. The malt thus kilned is discharged
from the cylinders c by opening the doors g so that when in the rotation of the
cylinders the said doors are brought undermost, the grain descends into wheeled
trams or trucks such as h and is conveyed away therein.
gare
In ordinary double-floor kilns not fitted with the heat-directing apparatus shown
in the accompanying drawing and herein before referred to as described and claimed
in my former application for Letters Patent No. 18997 of 1891, the heat first
passes up through the lower floor to the upper, and with that arrangement it is to

page_text: be understood that the malt is first dried (as in the arrangement above described)
in the upper series of reticulated cylinders, and is finished in the lower.
In kilning houses having one kilning floor only, one set of reticulated or
perforated rotating cages are employed in which the grain is first dried and
afterwards finished or kilned at a higher degree of heat than that used for drying.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
66
1. The improved process of kilning malt under which the grain, as green
corn," is deposited in cylindrical, perforated or reticulated cages or drums in the
kilning house and subjected to the action of heat as the cages or drums are rotated,
and is thereafter delivered, as partially kilned, dried or withered malt, to similar
cages or drums situated at a lower level and in which last mentioned cages or
drums the said malt is completely kilned through being subjected to the action of
a higher temperature than before while the cages or drums in which it is con-
tained are rotated, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawing.
2. The arrangement hereinbefore described for kilning malt in a single-floor
kilning house, under which the malt is first dried and afterwards completely kilned
in the same set of reticulated cylinders or cages.
3. Apparatus for use in drying and kilning malt, consisting of perforated or
reticulated cylindrical drums or cages such as c, c' with means for rotating the
same; hoppers d, d' and heat deflectors ff, arranged in a suitable kilning house,
substantially as herein before described and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 10th day of October 1892.
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Agent.