An Improved Portable Apparatus for the Artificial Production of Cold.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Dec., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 24th July, 1899-Accepted, 7th Oct., 1899
An Improved Portable Apparatus for the Artificial Production of
Cold.
I, JEAN-BAPTISTE MARIE PIERRE HENRI ROSLIN, BARON; D'IVRY, of 4, Rue
Chalgrin, Paris, in the Republic of France, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a portable apparatus for the artificial production of
cold by means of liquid chloride of methyl, either pure or mixed with another
gas capable of liquifaction enclosed in a cartridge which is caused to act at the
desired moment by means of a suitable device.
My invention will be readily understood upon reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 is an external view of my apparatus.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the same.
Figure 3 is a detail view of a cartridge charged with liquid chloride of methyl.
Figure 4 illustrates a modification of my apparatus which is more especially
adapted for cooling liquids.
Figure 5 is a vertical section through this modified form of apparatus.
Figures 6 and 7 shew two other modified forms of apparatus which are especially
adapted for cooling liquids.
In the various figures similar letters of reference are employed to designate
like parts.
As will be seen from the drawing, my apparatus comprises a cylindrical
envelope a, a thickness of felt 6 a concentric wall or partition c and another
concentric envelope d. At the upper portion of the apparatus is arranged a kind
of cup e provided with a diffusing bell f. Within this cup e is arranged a
second cup g, and a lid h lined internally with felt.
At the lower portion of the apparatus is provided a recess or chamber i pro-
vided with a vertical tube which passes through the bottom of the apparatus ;
this latter is covered with a thickness of felt and above this with layer of
absorbent cotton 7.
The recess is closed by a screw plug m which is maintained, whilst open, by
means of a shutter n hinged at o (Figure 1).
Along the axis of the plug m passes a screw p capable of being operated from
without by means of a milled head q.
Within the chamber i is placed the cartridge r containing the liquid chloride
of methyl or other gas capable of liquifaction. This cartridge also contains a
valves pressed against its seat s¹ by means of a spiral spring t. Upon the rod u
of the valve is arranged a washer and a nut r. When it is desired to insert
a cartridge r in the chamber i, the nut r is first of all unscrewed so that the
valves may be removed from its seat s¹ by rotating the screw p from outside.
When the apparatus is to be used, a few drops of alcohol are placed in the
bottom of the cup e, the cup g, full of water, is then placed in the cup e and
[Price 81

page_text: the whole is closed by the lid h. Then the screw is turned so as to open the
valves, so that the chloride of methyl escapes through the space into the
chamber and thence passes through the tube j into the central portion of the
apparatus. This gaseous chloride of methyl impinges upon the diffuser f, passes
over the walls of the cup e and through the apertures z, descends between the
two walls dc, passes through the orifices 1 traverses the felt and finally issues
from the apparatus through the orifices 2.
The liquid portion of the chloride of methyl is absorbed by the absorbent
cotton or other suitable substance 7. This absorbent cotton acts as a regenerating
medium by prolonging the refrigerating action owing to the gradual evaporation
of the liquid absorbed by such cotton.
C
The walls c and d may be covered with flannel impregnated with glycerine or
other liquid which is not congealable.
When it is desired to increase the
vaporisation of the chloride of methyl or other liquifiable gas, a current of air
may be set up at the centre of the apparatus by means of a pneumatic bulb.
The apparatus having been started in the manner described, at the expiration of
two or three minutes the water contained in the cup g is completely congealed.
If it is desired only to cool a liquid, in a bottle or decanter for example, the
apparatus is inverted so to speak and presents the form and arrangement repre-
sented in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the drawing.
In the modified form of apparatus shown in Figure 5, the cartridge is inde-
pendent of the apparatus but is in communication therewith by means of a
flexible and detachable tube 3 which is placed upon a nipple 4. The liquefiable
gas, on passing through the nipple and a chamber 5, attached thereto draws in
air through the orifices 6 and this mixture descends by way of the central tube 7
into the chamber 8 in which the cotton is arranged. The vapour rises between
the walls 9 and 10 passes through the apertures 11, descends between the
walls 10 and 12. passes through the aperture 13 and finally escapes from the
apparatus through the orifices 14 and 15.
The apparatus represented in Figure 7 fulfils the same purpose; the walls are
merely replaced by coils 16 and 17. I place a cartridge in the apparatus with
a method of opening absolutely identical with that of the apparatus Figures 1
and 2, which latter may also be provided with coils instead of partitions if so
desired.
In the modification represented in Figure 6, the arrangement comprises a cen-
tral cylinder 18, within which is a free piston 19 and a spring 20 maintaining
this piston at the upper position of the apparatus. The cylinder 18 is previously
filled with glycerine through the opening 21 and then placed in the envelope 22.
the screw 23 occupying its raised position. When it is desired to charge the
apparatus, the screw is screwed home leaving the air-supply aperture 24 open;
the glycerine contained in the cylinder 18 then rises to the top of the cylinder 22,
forcing out the air through the aperture, 24. The nozzle 26 is then placed in
communication with a chloride of methyl cartridge by means of a flexible tube
and the empty space is charged with this liquid. The apparatus being full,
the two screws 24¹ and 26¹ are placed in position and the apparatus is ready to
act. When it is desired to use the apparatus, the screw 23 is first of all screwed
home thereby compressing the glycerine and consequently the chloride of methyl
which liquifies in the annular chamber 27 formed by two shells 28 and 29 resting
in a fixed cup 25. One of these latter (28) is thin and the other (29) is thick:
they slide easily one within the other. In order to effect refrigeration, it is only
necessary to rapidly loosen the screw 23 and plunge the apparatus into the liquid
which it is desired to cool. When the screw 23 is again screwed down the gas
in expanding compresses the internal shell 28 and opposes resistance to the
liquified vapours which issue at 30 in a thin stream in order to re-enter the
snace left free by the glycerine in the envelope 22; and so on in succession, as
the apparatus acts without any appreciable loss.
My apparatus may also assume other forms according to the purposes to which

page_text: it is to be applied. Thus, for example, I may give it the form of a refrigerating
bell for kitchen use, or for chemical, medicinal or surgical purposes. In the
case of a bell, the cartridge and the expander would be arranged in the knob
or handle of the bell and the refrigerating coils would be wound around the bell
itself upon the inside and beneath a metal or felt envelope.
The forms, constructional details, accessories, materials and dimensions of
my apparatus may of course be varied without thereby in any way altering the
principle of my invention.
An Improved Portable Apparatus for the Artificial Production of
Cold.
T, JEAN-BAPTISTE MARIE PIERRE HENRI ROSLIN, BARON. D'IVRY, of 4, Rue
Chalgrin, Paris, in the Republic of France, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a portable apparatus for the artificial production of
cold by means of liquid chloride of methyl, either pure or mixed with another
gas capable of liquefaction enclosed in a cartridge which is caused to act at the
desired moment by means of a suitable device.
My invention will be readily understood upon reference to the drawings
accompanying my Provisional Specification in which:
Figure is an external view of my apparatus.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the same.
Figure 3 is a detail view of a cartridge charged with liquid chloride of methyl.
Figure 4 illustrates a modification of my apparatus which is more especially
adapted for cooling liquids.
Figure 5 is a vertical section through this modified form of apparatus.
Figures 6 and 7 shew two other modified forms of apparatus which are especially
adapted for cooling liquids.
In the various figures similar letters of reference are employed to designate
like parts.
As will be seen from Figure 1 of the the drawings, my apparatus comprises a
cylindrical envelope a, a thickness of felt b, a concentric wall or partition c and
another concentric envelope d. At the upper portion of the apparatus is arranged
a kind of cup e provided with a diffusing bell f. Within this cup e is arranged
a second cup g, and a lid h lined internally with felt.
At the lower portion of the apparatus is provided a recess or chamber i pro-
vided with a vertical tube which passes through the bottom of the apparatus:
this latter is covered with a thickness of felt kabove this with a layer of absorbent
cotton 1.
The recess is closed by a screw plug m which is maintained, whilst open, by
means of a collar n hinged at o (Figure 1).
Along the axis of the plug m passes a screw
without by means of a milled head q.
Within the chamber i is placed the cartridge
of methyl or other gas capable of liquefaction.
capable of being operated from
r containing the liquid chloride
This cartridge also contains a

page_text: valves pressed against its seat s¹ by means of a spiral spring t. Upon the rod u
of the valve is arranged a washer and a nut. When it is desired to insert
a cartridge in the chamber i, the nut is first of all unscrewed so that the
valves may be removed from its seats by rotating the screw p from outside.
When the apparatus is to be used, a few drops of alcohol are placed in the
bottom of the cup e, the cup g, full of water, is then placed in the cup 6 and
the whole is closed by the lid h. Then the screw is turned so as to open the
valves, so that the chloride of methyl escapes through the space y into the
chamber and thence passes through the tube j into the central portion of the
apparatus. This gaseous chloride of methyl impinges upon the diffuser f, passes
over the walls of the cup e and through the apertures, descends between the
two walls d c, passes through the orifices traverses the felt and finally issues
from the apparatus through the orifices 2.
The liquid portion of the chloride of methyl is absorbed by the absorbent
cotton or other suitable substance 7. This absorbent cotton acts as a regenerating
medium by prolonging the refrigerating action owing to the gradual evaporation
of the liquid absorbed by such cotton.
The walls c and d may be covered with flannel impregnated with glycerine or
other liquid which is not congealable. When it is desired to increase the
vapourisation of the chloride of methyl or other liquifiable gas, a current of air
may be set up at the centre of the apparatus by means of a pneumatic bulb.
The apparatus having been started in the manner described, at the expiration of
two or three minutes the water contained in the cup is completely congealed.
If it is desired only to cool a liquid, in a bottle or decanter for example, the
apparatus is inverted so to speak and presents the form and arrangement repre-
sented in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the drawing.
In the modified form of apparatus shown in Figure 5, the cartridge is inde-
pendent of the apparatus, but is in communication therewith by means of a
flexible and detachable tube 3 which is placed upon a nipple 4. The liquifiable
gas, on passing through the nipple and a chamber 5, attached thereto draws in
air through the orifices 6 and this mixture descends by way of the central tube 7
into the chamber 8 in which the cotton is arranged. The vapour rises between
the walls 9 and 10 passes through the apertures 11, descends between the
walls 10 and 12, passes through the aperture 13 and finally escapes from the
apparatus through the orifices 14 and 15.
The apparatus represented in Figure 7 fulfils the same purpose; the walls are
merely replaced by coils 16 and 17. I place a cartridge in the apparatus with
a method of opening absolutely identical with that of the apparatus Figures 1
and 2, which latter may also be provided with coils instead of partitions if so
desired.
In the modification represented in Figure 6 the arrangement comprises a cen-
tral cylinder 18, within which is a free piston 19 and a spring 20 maintaining
this piston at the upper portion of the apparatus. The cylinder 18 is previously
filled with glycerine through the opening 21 and then placed in the envelope 22,
the screw 23 occupying its raised position. When it is desired to charge the
apparatus, the screw is screwed home leaving the air-supply aperture 24 open:
the glycerine contained in the cylinder 18 then rises to the top of the cylinder 22,
forcing out the air through the aperture, 24. The nozzle 26 is then placed in
communication with a chloride of methyl cartridge by means of a flexible tube
and the empty space is charged with this liquid. The apparatus being full,
the two screws 24 and 26' are placed in position and the apparatus is ready to
act. When it is desired to use the apparatus, the screw 23 is first of all screwed
home thereby compressing the glycerine and consequently the chloride of methyl
which liquifies in the annular chamber 27 formed by two shells 28 and 29 resting
in a fixed cup 25; one of these latter (28) is thin and the other (29) is thick;
they slide easily one within the other. In order to effect refrigeration, it is only
necessary to rapidly loosen the screw 23 and plunge the apparatus into the liquid

page_text: which it is desired to cool. When the screw 23 is again screwed down the gas
in expanding compresses the internal shell 28 and opposes resistance to the
liquefied vapours which issue at 30 in a thin stream in order to re-enter the
space left free by the glycerine in the envelope 22; and so on in succession, as
the apparatus acts without any appreciable loss.
In the
My apparatus may also assume other forms according to the purposes to which
it is to be applied. Thus, for example I may give it the form of a refrigerating
bell for kitchen use, or for chemical medicinal or surgical purposes.
case of a bell, the cartridge and the expander would be arranged in the knob
or handle of the bell and the refrigerating coils would be wound around the bell
itself upon the inside and beneath a metal or felt envelope.
The forms, construction details, accessories, materials and dimensions of
my apparatus may of course be varied without thereby in any way altering the
principle of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
A portable apparatus for the production of artificial ice or for artificially
producing cold, characterized by the application of a cartridge r of liquifiable
gas provided with a suitable valve whereby said liquifiable gas may escape and
consequently expand, this liquifiable gas passing between walls or into a coil
and between walls containing fabric impregnated with glycerine or other liquid
and non-congealable substance and then in contact with the surfaces which it is
desired to cool into a chamber where the gaseous portion is able to separate
temporarily from the liquid portion absorbed by a porous substance such as
absorbent cotton, thereby enabling the refrigerating action of the apparatus to
be prolonged by the gradual evaporation of the portion of the liquifiable gas
absorbed by the cotton, as above described and represented in the accompanying
drawings.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.