Improvements in Machines for Making Hinges.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1898-Accepted, 13th Aug., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Making Hinges.
I, AUSTIN BRAINARD, of No. 218, Main Street, in the City of Hartford, County
of Hartford, State of Connecticut, United States of America, Lawyer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to machines for making hinges from sheet metal, such
hinges having two plates or leaves with one edge of each formed to a knuckle,
and interlocking and fastened together by a pin or pintle on which the leaves
turn.
Heretofore it has been the usual practice to manufacture hinges by punching
out the leaves separately, then forming the knuckle on another machine, then
assembling the two leaves and inserting the pintle, which is usually performed
by manual labor, and finally spinning or riveting over the ends of the said
pintle to complete the hinge. These different operations require different
machines and necessitate separate handling, making the manufacture slow and
expensive.
The main object of the present invention is to produce a machine for cheaply,
rapidly and completely making the finished hinge, including in one structure
means whereby all the necessary operations to make both leaves from the opposite
sides of the median line of a single continuous strip of sheet metal are per-
formed before severing the leaves from that strip and without loss of metal or
stock, means for cutting the formed leaves from the strip and depressing them
slightly below their normal plane, means for shifting one of the leaves laterally
to bring its knuckles in line with the knuckles of the other leaf, means for feed-
ing and severing the pintle from an endless wire, means for inserting the pintle
into the knuckles of the hinge, means for carrying the hinge bodily out of the
line of feed, and means for pressing the three knuckles of the treble knuckled
leaf on the pintle and thereby completing the hinge.
As a rule, in machines of this class, too much is required at a single operation,
and not infrequently a cam is called upon to perform several functions at a single
operation, which is fundamentally wrong; and it is, therefore, a further object
of the present invention to produce a machine which has separate motions for
the various operations, whereby the work is distributed over the entire machine
more evenly, and whereby also the single elements of the individual instrumen-
talities respond with greater promptness to their respective requirements, thereby
attaining greater perfection in the manufactured article, insuring a larger out-
put, and saving a great amount of expense and trouble.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a series of dies which may
be readily removed, separately or bodily, and also be adjusted, independently of
one another, to the requirements and functions for which they are designed.
Another object of the invention is to provide an adjustable assembling device

page_text: for assembling various widths of leaves, and then removing them bodily so that
the future operations may be performed thereon.
The mechanism embodying the preferred structural peculiarities of the different
parts of the invention and the preferred disposition of the different parts, and
the combinations forming the subject-matter of the improvements, are illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings, in which,―
Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a continuous metal strip subjected
to the successive operations of the improved machine in forming the hinge
leaves, the strip being broken off at X and continued at Y.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan view of the improved machine, the top part or upper
press mechanism being removed.
Figure 3 is a front elevation of the machine.
Figure 4 is a left hand end elevation of the machine, the base being broken off.
Figure 5 is a sectional plan view of a portion of the right hand end of the
machine on a larger scale than Figure 2 and showing the strip clamping mechan-
ism and the mechanism that reciprocates the feed slide longitudinally.
Figure 6 is a view of the parts shown in Figure 5 in vertical section, looking
from the left toward the right.
Figures 7 and 8 are views similar to Figures 5 and 6, showing the mechanism
for operating the clamping lever on the feed slide
Figure 9 is a front elevation of the right hand end of the machine on a larger
scale than Figure 3.
Figure 10 is a sectional end view on line 10", 10ª of Figure 3, looking
in the direction of the arrow, and drawn on an enlarged scale.
Figure 11 is a sectional plan on line 11, 11" of Figure 10.
Figures 12, 13 and 14 are detail views, in plan and section, showing the cutting
off die and the co-operating supporting anvil, Figure 14 being taken on line 14"
of Figure 12 and looking in the direction of the arrow.
Figures 15, 16 and 17 are plan views of the adjustable assembling mechanism
with its parts in different successive positions.
.
Figure 18 is a vertical sectional view of what is represented in Figure 15.
Figure 19 is a sectional view on the line 19ª, 19" of Figure 15.
Figure 20 is a partial end view of the left hand end of the machine, showing
the mechanism for cutting off the wire which forms the pintle and the mechanism
that carries the finished hinge from the machine.
Figures 21 and 22 are plan and front views of the mechanism shown in
Figure 20.
Figures 23, 24 and 25 are, respectively, plan, front and end views of the wire
feed mechanism that determines the length of the pintle.
Figure 26 is a sectional end view, in the direction of the arrow on line 26*
of Figure 9, the same being drawn on an enlarged scale.
Figures 27, 28 and 29 are detail views of the punch and dies for punching the
screw holes m in the sheet metal strip. The tools shown in Figures 27 to 44,
inclusive, are drawn on a larger scale than the preceding figures.
Figures 30 and 31 represent, respectively, end and front views of the slitting
tools, and in Figures 32 and 33 are represented, respectively, sectional and front
views of their corresponding slitting dies. Figure 32 shows the metal strip in
position, having the members and o slitted and bent downward.
Figures 34, 35 and 36 are, respectively, a front view, a plan view looking from
beneath, and an end view of the cutting off tool and the setting die that pinches
the knuckles of the treble knuckled leaf down upon the pintle.
Figure 37 is a front view of the forming tool, the turning tool and the broach-
ing tools.
Figure 38 is an end view of the forming tool.
Figure 39 is a front view of the tools represented in Figure 37.
Figure 40 is a sectional end view of the anvil die, showing the metal strip in
position when the operation is completed.

page_text: Figures 41 and 42 are sectional end views on line 41" of Figures 37 and 39,
looking in the direction of the arrow, Figure 41 showing the turning tool and
Figure 42 its supporting die with the sheet metal strip in position and the opera-
tion completed.
Figure 43 is a sectional end view of the broaching tools taken on line 43*
of Figure 37.
Figure 44 represents a plan view of the supporting surface or dies when the
broaching tools are in operation upon the sides of the knuckles.
Figures 45 to 51 inclusive are layout views of the periphery cams showing the
contour of the peculiarly shaped grooves.
Figures 52 to 56 inclusive, represent end views of the different face cams.
Figure 57 represents a diagrammatic view of the crank shaft in relative position
to the zero mark (guide line 0) of the cam views.
Figure 58 is a partial plan view of the lower press gate mechanism. Figures 59
60 and 61 are detail views illustrating the operation of the apparatus in forming
the knuckles of the hinges.
The sheet metal strip from opposite sides of the longitudinal median line of
which the leaves of the hinges are to be formed, is fed into the machine by any
suitable mechanism, but preferably by that illustrated, whereby the feed may
be adjusted so that the same is absolutely perfect, regular and uniform.
In the machine hereinafter explained in detail, and which exhibits the best
embodiment of the invention now known, the first pair of dies punches out the
screw holes by which the hinge is fastened, the second pair of dies slit and force
the metal which is to form the knuckles of the double knuckled leaf out of the
normal plane, while the third pair of dies. slit and force the metal which is to
form the knuckles of the treble knuckled leaf out of the normal plane. The
next step or fourth operation of the improved machine is to bend the parts or
members that are to form the knuckles of the two leaves in the opposite direction
across the normal plane of the metal strip, and form the first quarter turn of
the knuckles. The fifth operation consists in completing these knuckles to their
final circular form, while the sixth operation consists of removing a small por-
tion of the metal at the ends of the knuckles, so that when the two leaves are
assembled they will work freely and easily, and is preferably performed by a
broaching tool. The seventh operation then consists in severing the two leaves
from the continuous strip and depressing them a short distance below the normal
position of the strip, then assembling the two leaves by bringing the treble
knuckled leaf toward the double knuckled leaf, inserting the pintle which has
been previously straightened and cut to proper length, then bringing the hinge
forward out of the line of the feed of the strip, and finally pressing the knuckles
of the treble knuckled leaf down upon the pintle to hold and prevent the same
from dropping out, thereby completing the hinge.
The reference letters and numerals herein used, indicate respectively, the same
parts in the different figures of the drawings. The arrows indicate, without
further description, the direction of movement of parts. In the accompanying
drawings, the positions of the various instrumentalities are shown to the "best
advantage of each, irrespective of the positions these parts may have relative to
their respective cam grooves, and the same is true of all parts hereinafter men-
tioned, it being considered sufficient for the purpose of this description, to assume
that the cams are properly cut to effect the various operations required at the
proper times and to the proper extent.
The letter A designates, in a general way, the bed of the machine, which may
be of any form and construction, suitable for supporting the several parts of the
mechanism. In the form herein shown, (see Figures 2, 3 and 9) it consists of
a base 1, supporting two uprights 2 and 3, the same being connected by a cross
tie 4, and the whole supported at each end by legs 5.
Continuous rotary motion is imparted to the machine by a fly wheel 6, (sec
Figures 3, 4 and 9) from any overhead countershaft, said wheel being fastened

page_text: on the crank shaft 7, which is supported in the uprights 3 and 4, and in the
downwardly projecting central hanger 8 from the cross tie, caps 9 serving to
securely hold the crank shaft in its proper position. On the left hand end, (see
Figure 3) the crank shaft is provided with a miter gear 10, meshing into a miter
gear 11, on the shaft 12 which is journalled in the bracket 13 on the outer side
of the upright 3. At the lower end, the shaft 12 carries a bevel gear 14, meshing
into a bevel gear 15, on the cam shaft 16, which is journalled in the brackets 17
and 18, on the left hand end of the base 1. On the rear end of the cam shaft 16,
is the miter gear 19 meshing into the miter gear 20, on the main shaft 21, which
is journalled in the brackets 22 and 23, on the rear side of the base 1. The parts
above described are all geared in such a manner, that to each revolution of the
crank shaft, one revolution is imparted to the cam shaft and the main shaft.
On the uprights 2 and 3 of the machine, are the longitudinal slide-ways 24
and 25, (Figures 3, 4, 9, 10 and 11) held in position by the bolts 26, the set
screws 27 serving to take up the wear between the plunger 28 and the slide-
ways 24 and 25. The crank shaft 7 is provided with a series of cranks 29, (in
this case two are shown) to which the connecting rods 30 are connected in any
well known manner, the latter carrying at their lower ends the plunger 28, to
which a reciprocatory motion is imparted as the crank shaft is rotated.
The means whereby the sheet metal strip B is fed into the machine will now
be described, the same being best shown on an enlarged scale in Figures 5, 6,
7, 8 and 26.
Mounted upon the base 1, at the right hand side of the machine, is the feed
bracket 33 (Figure 3), held in position by bolts 34, and having on its upper
surface, longitudinal slide-ways 35 and 36, fitted to which, and held in place by
the usual straps 37 and 38, is the longitudinally reciprocating feed slide 39, hav-
ing a hub 40, the purpose of which will be more fully explained hereinafter. The
feed slide is provided with a rectangular opening adapted to receive a block 41,
into which engages the pin 42 on the arm 43 integral with the shaft 44, which
is journalled in a vertically projecting hub of the feed bracket 33. At its lower
free end the shaft 44 is provided with an arm 45, in which a block 46 is fitted
and capable of being adjusted toward or away from the centre of the shaft 44
by the screw 47, whereby the throw of the feed slide may be increased or de-
creasel, according to the position the block assumes relative to the centre of the
vertical shaft. The block 46 is provided with a threaded portion on its upper
end, to which a nut is fitted, and by the nut the block is rigidly clamped to the
arm. At the lower end of the block and projecting downward is the pivot 46"
for the connecting rod 48 which again is pivotally connected to an arm 49, on the
lower end of a vertical rock shaft 50, supported in a hub of a bracket 51. The
shaft 50 has rigidly secured thereto, at its upper end, the cam arm 52, which has
a roller projection 53, entering the groove 55 of a cam 54 on the main shaft 21.
By the mechanism above-described, the feed slide is caused to be reciprocated
longitudinally with the required stroke.
As previously stated, the feed slide 39 is provided with the hub 40, and that
hub carries, pivotally attached thereto by means of the bolt 58, a clamping
lever 57, which is provided with a swiveled jaw 59 (Figures 2, 3, 7 and 8). The
clamping lever has fitted thereto, at its right hand end, a block 60, as best shown
in Figure 26, adapted to be adjusted up or down by the screw 61 which is held
in the clamping lever by a bushing 62, and serves to regulate the grip on the
metal strip, or to change the machine from one thickness of metal to another.
When the swivel jaw of the clamping lever has been adjusted to the proper
amount of grip, the block 60 is clamped to the clamping lever 57, by the nut 63;
the block 60 is provided with a rearward projection 60 having a roll 60b,
to engage a groove formed by two parallel bars 64, fastened to a vertical slide 65,
which is held in place by gibs 66. The vertical slide 65 is provided with a rect-
angular opening, into which a block 67 is fitted, and that block 67 has a
cylindrical hole engaged by a pin 68, fastened to an arm 69 of the shaft 70,

page_text: which is mounted for rotation in brackets 71 and 72, the former being held
rigidly screwed to its place on the upper part of the feed bracket 33, and the
latter to the outer side of the upright 2. At the rear free end, the shaft 70 has
fastened thereto a cam arm 73, provided with a roller projection 74, to engage
the groove 75 of a cam 76, on the main shaft 21.
The grooves 75 and 55 of the cams 76 and 54, are so timed in relation to one
another as to cause the jaw 59 to be raised from the feed slide when the feed slide,
is moved back, thereby releasing its grip on the metal strip sufficiently to allow
the feed slide to move back, (or to the right in Figure 7) and to convey the
clamping lever with its jaw to its starting position. The jaw is then pressed
downward onto the metal strip, and when the feed slide is carried forward, it
will carry the strip into the machine. The parallel bars 64 are long enough to
allow for any length of travel of the feed slide which may be required.
Clamping mechanisms are provided to hold the strip in proper position during
the backward motion of the feed slide, as will be most clearly seen in Figures 2,
3, 5, 6 and 9. A supporting block 79 is fastened to the left hand end of and
rests on the feed bracket 33. Superimposed on the supporting block 79 is a guide
block 80, provided with an opening 81 (Figure 6) of sufficient size to permit the
metal strip to pass, and also provided with a counter-sunk hole, into which is
fitted a plug 82, held in its upper position by a spring 83. 84 is an adjustable
set screw to regulate the pressure on the strip, the same being held in a lever 85
which is fastened on a shaft 86 journalled in a projecting hub 51ª of the
bracket 51, the left hand end of the shaft having a cam arm 87 keyed thereto,
which is provided with a roller projection 88, engaging the groove 89 of the
cam 90 on the main shaft 21 adjacent to the cam 54. This cam groove 89 is
so timed in relation to the cam grooves 55 and 75, that the plug 82 is caused to
be pressed down onto the metal and held in that position during the time the
jaw 59 releases its grip and the feed slide is retracted to its rearward position.
After the sheet metal strip has been placed in the machine, the first operation
performed thereon is to punch the holes m in the strip by punches 92, (see
Figures 3, 9, 27, 28 and 29) mounted in a block 93, and held together by caps 94
and bolts 95, and supported in the gate or head 96 which is keyed to the plunger 28.
Below the punches and in alignment with the same, the dies or matrices 97 are
securely fastened to the die block 98 which is rigidly secured to the base of the
machine. On the upper surface the dies 97 are provided with a perforated
stripper plate 99 in the well known manner.
The second and third operations consist of slitting out members n and o from
the metal to form subsequently the knuckles for the double knuckled leaf and
the treble knuckled leaf, respectively, and as the tools for this purpose are fastened
in one block, they will be described together. The slitting punches. (best shown
in Figures 3, 9, 10, 30, 31 and 58) are rigidly secured in a block 100 and held
together by a cap 101, and bolts 103, the whole being supported in the gate or
head 96. The slitting tools 105 and 106, that slit the members and o, respec-
tively, from the metal strip, consist of straight rectangular bars beveled off at
their lower ends, and are held in position by set screws 107 and separated by
the blocking pieces 108 and 109 respectively. This mode of mounting dies for this
class of work is of decided importance and great advantage, on account of the
possibility of setting each slitting tool to perform its duty independently of
the others, of taking the same out to inspect or grind them, and of replacing the
same after being ground.
The slitting dies that co-operate with the slitting tools will now be described.
Mounted below and projecting below the opening 1" of the base 1 of the machine,
(see Figures 3, 10 and 58) is a bracket 110 provided with vertical slide-ways 111
and 112, fitted to which and held in place by the usual gib 113 and screws 114,
is a vertically sliding gate carriage 115, having a rectangular opening into which
is fitted a block 116, engaged by the crank pin 117 of an arm 118 integral with
a shaft 119, journalled in the hub 110. The rear projecting end of the

page_text: shaft 119 is provided with a cam arm 120, having at its upper end the roller
projection 121, which engages the cam groove 122 of the cam 123 on the main
shaft 21. By the means just described, a vertical reciprocatory motion is
attained by the slitting dies toward and away from their co-operating slitting
tools.
The slitting dies 125 and 126, that co-operate with the slitting tools 105
and 106, are mounted on the lower press gate or head 127, and are held in position
by screws 128 tapped into a cap 129 which covers the whole front of the lower
press gate, and that cap is held in position by screws 130. To remove the slitting
dies, when changing the machine from one size of hinge to another, the whole
lower press gate or head is removed by displacing the clamp gib 115" held
in position by the screws 115, whereby the whole lower press gate can be
lowered, taken away and a different one substituted. The slitting dies 125
and 126 are of similar construction to the slitting tools, and are held apart by
blocking pieces 131 and 132 respectively. On top of the base 1 are securely held
the die blocks 133, provided with the cutting dies 134 and 134, held to the
blocks by screws 135. 136 is a stripping plate of usual construction secured to
the die block 133 which holds the sheet metal strip in its proper position.
The timing of the cam grooves 122 of the cam 123 is in such relation to the
rotation of the crank shaft that the slitting dies 125 and 126 are elevated to
the extreme limit of the stroke, thereby supporting the metal strip, and as the
plunger 28, with its gate or head of slitting tools descends, the rear edges r
(Figure 30) of the tools 105, shear the metal against the cutting die 134, and
form the edges, (Figure 1) and the front edges of the tools 106, shear the
metal against the cutting die 134ª forming the edges, while at the same
time the sides of the tools 105 and 106 operate in conjunction with the slitting
dies in the lower press gate or head and produce the cross slits j and i respec-
tively, and the members n and o are forced below or across the plane of the
strip.
The next operation is forcing the members and o above or across the plane
of the strip in the opposite direction and forming the first quarter turn of the
knuckles. This operation is best illustrated in Figures 3, 38, 39, 40 and 58.
Mounted in the plunger 28 is also the gate or head 139 which has rigidly secured
thereto the block 140, provided with a cap 141 and bolts 142. Between the
block 140 and the cap 141 is clamped the forming tool 143, the turning tool 144,
and a series of broaching tools 145. Co-acting with the forming tool 143 is an
anvil die 146 rigidly secured in the lower press gate 127, and as the gate car-
riage 115 is raised, the downwardly projecting members and o of the strip of
metal are forced upward between and against the shaping dies 147, having the
shaping faces d, mounted on blocks 148, which are securely fastened on the top
of the base of the bed. As the gate or head 139 then moves downward, the lower
rounded working face of the forming tool forces the metal into the quarter turn,
as represented at h in Figure 1.
In order that the operation of bending over the knuckles may be more clearly
understood, the several steps are illustrated in detail in Figures 59, 60 and 61.
The projecting members and o, which have been formed and bent downwardly,
as already described, are brought, by the forward movement of the strip, under
the shaping dies 147, as clearly shown in Figure 59. The anvil die 146, having
its upper end shaped as shown in Figure 59, then moves upwardly into the posi-
tion shown in Figure 60, bending the projecting members and o upward against
the shaping faces d of the shaping dies 147, as clearly shown in Figure 60.
Finally, the forming tool 143, which is shown in Figure 38 and in Figure 61,
moves downwardly into the position shown in Figure 61, bending the upper ends
of the projecting members and o over the shaping faces d, as shown in Figure 61,
The completion of the knuckle is effected at the next operation of the turning
tool 144, as will be presently described.
The turning tool 144 shown in detail in Figures 37 and 41, is securely held

page_text: in the block 140 by means of a cap 141 and bolt 149. The supporting surface
for the sheet metal strip during the operation of the turning tool 144 on the
quarter turned members, is a block 150 (Figure 42) secured to the base 1 by the
bolts 151 and provided on top with holding or guide plates 152. As the plunger 28
descends the two grooved recesses of the turning tool 144 force the metal down
into the circular forms or knuckles g of Figure 1. As it is of great importance
that the knuckles should work freely and easily when assembled, it is necessary
that a little of the metal at the ends of the knuckles should be removed which
operation is performed by the broaching or file-like tools 145, (Figure 37). held
in position by the set screws 153 in the block 140. The supporting dies 154
and 155 for this broaching are shown in Figure 44, the front die 154, being
provided with two horns to support the double knuckled leaf, and the rear die 155
being provided with three horns to support the treble knuckled leaf. The sup-
porting dies 154 and 155 are held on blocks 156 and screwed to place by bolts 157.
As the upper press gate or head descends, the broaching tools trim the metal
of the knuckles as at f in Figure 1.
".
The mechanism for severing the leaves from the strip and assembling the same,
which will now be described, is shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14. Below the
base 1 of the machine and screwed to the under side of the same, is a bracket 160
provided with vertical slide-ways, fitted to which and held in place by the usual
stops 161 and 162, is a vertically sliding anvil carrier 163, attached to which
is an anvil 164. Projecting rearward from the anvil carrier 163, is a stud 165,
adapted to engage a set screw 166 of an arm 167 fastened to a horizontal shaft 168.
This shaft 168 is journalled in the hub of the bracket 160, and carries on its'
rear end, a cam arm 169, provided with a roller projection 170 engaging the
groove 171 of a cam 172 on the cam shaft 16. The anvil carrier 163 is recessed
at its lower end to receive a spring 173, which bears against the end plate 174
and thereby keeps the stud 165, and its co-acting parts pressed against the set
screw 166. On top of the base of the bed is the cutting off die 176, fastened on
any convenient supporting block 176. In the plunger 28 is also rigidly
mounted a gate or head 175, that carries the cutting off tool 175" (Figures 35
and 36) which is bifurcated so as to straddle the assembling finger 177 (Figures 2
and 18). The front side of the gate 175 is provided with a set of setting tools 178,
179 and 180 (Figures 35 and 36) which are placed far enough ahead of the cutting
off tool to permit two assembled hinges to rest one ahead of the other. These
setting tools are provided with a recess 181 (Figure 36), fitting the treble knuckled
leaf and thereby the three knuckles are pinched upon the pintle as the upper
press gate descends. The timing of the cam groove 171 that engages the stud 165
of the anvil carrier 163, is in such relation to the crank shaft, that as the
plunger 28 descends, carrying with it the cutting off tool 175", the section of
the strip marked D in Figure 1 has arrived over the anvil 164 in such a position
that the line E of Figure 1 corresponds with the edge E¹ of the cutting off
die 176 and the edge E" of the cutting off tool 175", which tools sever the
leaves from the strip and bring the two sections a slight distance below the top
surface of the cutting off die 176, compressing the spring 173. The cam groove 171
then causes the arm 167, with the set screw 166, to pursue this downward motion
of the anvil and holds the same in that downward position, for a purpose to be
described later on in the operation of the assembling finger.
The mechanism for assembling the two leaves will now be described, being best
shown in Figures 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19. Mounted on top of the base 1, between
the two uprights and near the left hand end, and securely fastened, is a
bracket 183, provided with the slide-ways 184 and 185, fitted to which and held
in place by the straps 186 and 187, is a reciprocating carriage 188, provided with
a bolt 189 to which is pivoted a primary cam arm 190, the said arm having
hub to which is fitted a block 191. The block engages a rectangular opening in
the bell-crank lever 192, which is pivoted on a stationary fulcrum 193, on the
bracket 183. The rearward projecting arm of the bell-crank lever 192 is provided
a

page_text: with a roller projection 194, to engage the groove 195 of a cam 196 on the main
shaft 21. Fitted to the carriage 188, is an auxiliary slide 197 provided with
the hub 197ª, the purpose of which will be more clearly stated hereinafter.
Fastened in the auxiliary slide is a pin 198 adapted to receive a block 200, which
is fitted to slide in an oblique slot 201 of a circular shouldered block 202, carried
by the cam arm 190. On top, the block 202 is provided with a cap 203 held
thereto by bolts 204. As the height of the block 202 is slightly less than the
thickness of the arm 190, the block 202 may be loosened by letting up on the
bolts 204, and then slightly turned to thereby change the angular position of
the slot 201; and by tightening the bolts 204, the cap and the block are clamped
rigidly to the primary arm 190, which carries on its rearward end a roller pro-
jection 205, engaging the groove 206 in a cam 207 on the main shaft 21. By
changing the angular position of the slot the extent of the secondary movement
of the assembling finger, which is occasioned thereby, can be adjusted.
Pivotally mounted in the hub 197", of the auxiliary slide, is a shaft 208,
having secured on its left hand end the assembling finger 177, and on the right
hand end the cam lever 209, which is provided with a swiveled shoe 210, held in
engagement with the lever by the bolt 211; the shoe may be adjusted by two
set screws 212, to properly engage the cam 213 on the main shaft 21, between
the two cams 196 and 207.
The timing of the cam 213, that operates the assembling finger, the timing
of the cam groove 206 that operates the primary arm 190 and its auxiliary
slide 197, and finally the cam groove 195 that operates the bell lever 192 by which
the carriage 188 is operated, are such in relation to the rotation of the crank
shaft and the movement of the plunger 28, that at the same time that the cutting
off tool severs the members of the two leaves from the strip, the assembling finger
descends and engages the treble knuckled leaf and carries it downward with the
descending anvil 164; then the cutting off tool 175" recedes and releases the
treble knuckled leaf, then the cam groove 206 operates the primary arm 190,
and moves the auxiliary slide 197, by means of the block 200 and oblique or
inclined slot 201 in the block 202, forward and assembles the two leaves (Figures 15
and 16), then the pintle is inserted as will be more fully explained hereinafter,
then the cam groove 195 operates the bell-crank lever 192 and moves the slide 188
and finger 177 forward to push the assembled leaves from the anvil 164 to the
supporting block 214.
At the left hand of the machine and attached to the base of the machine is a
bracket 215 upon which the wire feed mechanism and cutting-off mechanism are
fastened, as best shown in Figures 2, 3, 4, 23, 24, and 25. At a short distance
beyond the rear end of the machine is a reel or coil of wire, of proper diameter
to form the pintle, (not shown in the drawings) from which the wire is fed into
a straightener, which may be of any well known construction and is designated
in a general manner in Figure 2, by the letter C. The wire is delivered from
the straightening rolls into the bite of gripping rolls 216 and 217 which feed the
wire through at predetermined intervals and to the required amount.
4
The gripper roll 216 is securely fastened to a shaft 218, journalled in the
vertical hub of the bracket 215, and carrying at its lower end a gear 219 meshing
into a gear 220, on a shaft 221; on the upper end of the shaft 221 the gripping
roll 217 is mounted, and thereby, any motion which may be imparted to the
gripping roll 216, will also be imparted to the roll 217. Mounted upon a stud 222
on the outside of the upright 3, on a projecting hub 3, is a cam arm 223, 5
which carries a connecting rod 224; the forward end of the rod 224 engages a
stud 225 which is a part of a block 226, fitted into a rectangular opening near
one end of an arm 227. A screw 228 has its threaded portion fitted into the
block 226, and thereby the same may be brought closer or farther away from
the fulcrum 229 of the arm. The other end of the arm terminates in a sector 230 5
which meshes with a sector pinion 231 provided with a sleeve 232, through which
the shaft 218 passes. At the lower end of the sleeve 232, a ratchet arm 233 is

page_text: fastened, adapted to carry a spring-pressed pawl 234, to engage a ratchet wheel 235
(having only part of its teeth shown in the drawings) which is securely fastened
to the gear 219. The cam arm 223 is provided with a roller projection 236
engaging the cam groove 237 of the cam 238 on the cam shaft 16. The timing
of the cam groove 237 is such, in relation to the movement of the assembling
finger, that a piece of wire is fed forward the length of the pintle directly after
the assembling finger brings the two members together, and when they are rest-
ing on the anvil, as clearly shown in Figure 16. The length of the pintle is
gaged by the relative position given to the block 226 in regard to the fulcrum 229.
The shaft 221, which carries at its upper and lower ends, respectively, the grip-
ping roll 217 and gear 220, is journalled in an eccentric sleeve 240, which is held
in the vertical hub 215 of the bracket 215, and has a projecting lug 241 pro-
vided with a set screw 242, to engage the cam handle 243, whereby, when the
cam handle is turned 90 degrees, the set screw has no surface to rest upon or
abut against and the gripping roll 217 therefore releases its grip upon the
wire.
The wire cutting-off mechanism, best shown in Figures 20, 21, and 22, is as follows:
mounted upon and integral with the bracket 215 is a hub 215b, carrying a shaft 246
provided on one end with a head 247 mounted in which is a hardened and ground
steel cutting-off bushing 248 having a central opening of the same size as the
diameter of the wire and provided with a cutting surface 248; on the other
end, the shaft 246 receives a cam arm 249 having a roller projection 250 engaging
the groove 251 of a cam 252 on the shaft 16. On the bracket 215 is also mounted
a holder 253, adapted to receive the cutting-off die 254. The timing of the
cam 251 is such that at the proper interval, just before the pintle is inserted into
the knuckles of the leaves by the feed of the wire, the head receives an oscilla-
tory motion, thereby severing the pintle from the wire at the cutting edge 248.
It being understood that at the time of the forward movement of the wire the
assembled leaves of the hinge are stationary, with the axis of the hinge in align-
ment with the wire, and also that the bushing 248 is in the same line and serves
as a guide for the wire, the operation of inserting the pintle will be readily
understood. Through the cam 238, arm 223, connecting rod 224, and arm 227,
with its sector 230, the gripping rolls 216 and 217 receive a partial rotation in
the proper direction at the time when they grip the wire tightly between them.
This partial rotation feeds the wire forward toward the assembled hinge, the
pintle which is to be inserted having been already cut off and being in the
guide or bushing 248. The end of the wire which projects from between the grip-
ping rolls is forced forward into the guide or bushing 248 and pushes the severed
pintle before it into place in the knuckles of the hinge.
As means for delivering the completed hinge, gripper fingers 256 are provided,
consisting of a bifurcated lever mounted on a shaft 257, which is journalled in
the hub 258 of a slide 258, and to which a clamping lever 259 is attached,
having a roller projection 260. The construction of the gripper fingers is such,
that the free space between the fingers is equal to the length of the centre knuckle
of the treble knuckled leaf of the hinge, and the width of each finger corresponds
with the length of the corresponding knuckle of the double knuckled leaf. A
stud 261 secured in a hub at the top of the bracket 18, serves as a fulcrum for
an arm 262, which is provided at one end with a roller projection entering the
groove 264 of a cam 265, on the cam shaft 16 and adjacent to the bracket 18.
The other end of the arm 262 is provided with two jaws 266 between which the
roller projection 260 is engaged, thereby securing an operative connection between
cam groove 264 and gripper fingers 256 in whatever position these gripper fingers
may be placed, the jaws 266 being long enough to allow for the length of the
stroke of the fingers for which the machine is designed.
The slide 258 is also provided with a hub 258b which receives a pin 267, to
which a connecting rod 268 is jointed, the said rod being connected to an arm 269
on one end of a shaft 270, which is journalled in a bracket 271, securely held

page_text: to the front side of the base of the machine. On the opposite end, the shaft 270
is provided with a cam arm 272, having a roller projection 273 to engage the
groove 274 of a cam 275 on the cam shaft 16 adjacent to the cam 265.
The timing of the cam groove 264, which controls the up and down motion.
of the gripper fingers 256, and the timing of the cam groove 274, which governs
the reciprocatory motion of the slide and gripper fingers, are such, that as soon
as the assembling finger 177 has delivered the hinge onto the supporting block 214,
the gripper fingers are caused to descend and hold the hinge on the supporting
block, and as the plunger 28 descends (simultaneously cutting off the members
of the leaves of the succeeding hinge) the setting tools 178, 179 and 180,
straddling the gripper fingers, set the knuckles of the treble knuckled leaf down
on the pintle. After the plunger 28 recedes, the gripper fingers 256 are caused
to move forward, drawing the hinge along until it falls through the opening 276
into a proper receptacle.
In the drawings, Figures 45 to 51 inclusive, the contours of the grooves of
the periphery cams are shown, the broken line 0-0 representing the vertical
line 0-0 of Figure 4 when the crank is in the position indicated by Figure 57.
In Figures 52 to 56 inclusive, the grooves in the face cams are shown, the
line 0-0, to indicate the position of the cams in relation to the crank shaft
position indicated by Figure 57, being also shown.
The operation of the machine is apparent from the foregoing description, and
will therefore be described very briefly: a sheet metal strip of the proper thick-
ness and width is taken from a coil, straightened by passing through any com-
mon straightener, and delivered into the machine on top of the feed slide 39,
and under the clamp jaw 59; it then passes through the opening 81 of the guide
block 80, and under the plug 82, whereby the metal strip is alternately fed for-
ward and clamped in its position when the other parts of the machine are
operating The plunger 28 carries the screw-hole punches 92, the slitting
dies 105 and 106, the forming tool 143, the turning tool 144, the broaching
tools 145, the cutting-off tool 176, and the setting tools 178, 179 and 180, which
reciprocate vertically and operate in unison with the lower press gate dies 125,
126 and the anvil die 146. When the metal has been slitted by the first pair
of dies the members n are produced, and as the blank is then advanced the length
of the hinge the second pair of dies operate thereon to produce the members o
and to separate the opposing parts which will form the opposing leaves of the
hinge. As the metal is then fed forward another hinge length, the dies 143,
and anvil die 146 bend the members and form the quarter turn h. The next
operation is performed by the turning tool 144, completing the formation of the
knuckles g, while the following operation is the broaching of the metal between
the knuckles, as at f. The next step is the severing of the leaves, which have
now been formed on opposite sides of the longitudinal median line of the strip
of metal, and bringing the same into a plane below the plane of the feed;
simultaneously the assembling finger 177 is brought to bear upon the treble
knuckled leaf, and as the plunger 28 recedes, the assembling finger brings the
leaf toward the double knuckled leaf, the pintle is pushed forward through
the cutting-off die 254, by the incoming wire, and the finger 177 transfers the
hinge to the supporting block 214, where it is held by the gripper fingers 256
for the setting tools to perform their function in pinching the three knuckles
of the treble knuckled leaf onto the wire and is then delivered as a completed
hinge to the opening 276.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination, in a hinge machine, of means for performing successive
steps in the formation of several pairs of hinge leaves from opposite sides of the
longitudinal median line of a strip of metal while the leaves remain integral

page_text: with the strip, means for assembling the opposite leaves to bring their knuckles
into line, and a pintle feeding mechanism in the line of movement of the strip
to feed forward a pintle in a direction opposite to the movement of the strip and
to insert the same into the knuckles of the assembled leaves, substantially as
shown and described.
2. The combination, in a hinge machine, of means for performing successive
steps in the formation of several pairs of hinge leaves from opposite sides of
the longitudinal median line of a strip of metal while the leaves remain integral
with the strip, means for cutting off the leaves of each pair as they are completed,
and a device for transferring one of said leaves laterally to bring its knuckles
into line with the knuckles of the other leaf, substantially as shown and described.
3. The combination, in a hinge machine, of means for performing successive.
steps in the formation of several pairs of hinge leaves from opposite sides of the
longitudinal median line of a strip of metal while the leaves remain integral with
the strip, means for cutting off the leaves of each pair as they are completed, a
device for transferring one of said leaves laterally to bring its knuckles into line
with the knuckles of the other leaf, and a pintle feeding mechanism to feed a
pintle forward and insert the same into the knuckles of the assembled leaves,
substantially as shown and described.
4. The combination, in a hinge machine, of means for performing successive.
steps in the formation of several pairs of hinge leaves from opposite sides of the.
longitudinal median line of a strip of metal while the leaves remain integral
with the strip, means for assembling the opposite leaves to bring their knuckles
into line, a pintle feeding mechanism in the line of travel of the strip to feed
a pintle in the opposite direction and insert it into the knuckles of the assembled
leaves, and means to pinch the knuckles of one of the leaves upon the pintle,
substantially as shown and described.
5. The combination, in a hinge machine, of a step by step strip feeding
mechanism, reciprocating tools for slitting and bending members from opposite
sides of the longitudinal median line of the strip out of the plane of the strip,
reciprocating tools for bending said members into circular form to constitute
knuckles, a reciprocating cutter to sever the opposite leaves from the strip, a
reciprocating finger to bring one leaf toward the other and the knuckles of the
two leaves in line, and means for inserting the pintle into the knuckles of the
two leaves, substantially as shown and described.
6. A feed mechanism comprising a feed slide, means for reciprocating said
slide longitudinally, a clamping lever pivoted on the slide, bars parallel to the
motion of the feed slide and engaging between them a projection from the clamp-
ing lever, and means for shifting said bars transversely to operate said clamping
lever while it reciprocates with the feed slide, substantially as shown and
described.
7. A feed mechanism comprising a feed slide, means for reciprocating said
slide longitudinally, a clamping lever pivoted on the slide, a projection carried
by the clamping lever, means for adjusting the position of said projection with
respect to the clamping lever to increase or decrease the grip of the clamping
lever, bars parallel to the motion of the feed slide and engaging between them
the said projection from the clamping lever, and means for shifting said bars
transversely to operate said clamping lever while it reciprocates with the feed
slide, substantially as shown and described.
8. The combination, in a hinge machine, of means for performing successive
steps in the formation of several pairs of hinge leaves from a strip of metal while
the leaves remain integral with the strip, a reciprocating plunger, a cutting-off
tool carried by said plunger, a cutting-off die to co-operate with said tool, setting
tools carried by said plunger, an anvil adjacent to said cutting-off die, a spring
to support said anvil and to permit the same to yield as the cutting-off tool
descends, and a cam and intermediate means to further depress said anvil, sub-
stantially as shown and described.

page_text: .
9. The combination, in a hinge machine, of means for performing successive
steps in the formation of several pairs of hinge leaves from opposite sides of
the longitudinal median line of a strip of metal while the leaves remain integral
with the strip, means for cutting off the leaves of each pair as they are completed,
a slide, an assembling finger mounted upon said slide, a cam and connections to
said slide whereby the assembling finger moves one of the leaves laterally to
bring its knuckles into line with the knuckles of the other leaf to receive the
pintle, and a second cam and connections to said slide whereby the assembling
finger moves the assembled leaves together to permit the knuckles of one leaf to
be set upon the pintle, substantially as shown and described.
10. The combination, in a hinge machine, of means for performing successive
steps in the formation of several pairs of hinge leaves from opposite sides of the
longitudinal median line of a strip of metal while the leaves remain integral
with the strip, means for cutting off the leaves of each pair as they are completed,
a slide, an assembling finger pivoted upon said slide, means to vibrate the
assembling finger and cause it to engage one of the leaves, and means to shift
said slide with the assembling finger to move said leaf and bring its knuckles
into line with the knuckles of the other leaf, substantially as shown and described,
11. The combination of a carriage, means for reciprocating said carriage,:
a slide mounted to reciprocate on said carriage, a lever pivoted on said carriage
and having an obliquely disposed slot to engage said slide, and a cain to operate
said lever, whereby a preliminary forward movement is imparted to said slide"
and then a further movement in the same direction, substantially as shown and
described.
1
1 1000
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.