A New or Improved Steam or other Motive Power Engine.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Jan., 1890-Accepted, 8th Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Steam or other Motive Power Engine.
I ARTHUR ALBERT GARSIDE of Poplar Villas St. Matthias Street Burley Leeds, in
the county of York, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :-
My present invention relates to motive-power engines which are worked by the
expansion and reaction of steam, gas, or other agent which is or develops an
expansible fluid, and the object thereof is to employ new or improved means for
converting said expansible fluid into mechanical mortion or power, to attain which I
employ one or more tubes which I term expanding tubes or hollow spirals, and I
fix or attach the same in such a position to or upon a shaft spindle or drum that when
steam or other expanding fluid is forced through or passes through said tube or
tubes or hollow spiral or spirals its expansive and reactive force causes a continuous
rotation of the said shaft, spindle, or drum which revolves with the expanding tubes
or hollow spirals attached thereto or fixed thercon. I construct my improved motor
or engine somewhat after the following manner. which is a description setting forth
the principle features thereof, and the details of which I would have understood
may be considerably modified without departing from the essential particulars of
my present invention, and these several modifications I intend illustrating in the
drawings to be left with my future complete specification. A hollow spiral of
gradually increasing area is fixed upon or attached to a shaft, spindle, or drum
which has freedom to revolve in suitable bearings.
The cross sectional area of hollow portion of said spiral is least where it com-
municates with the shaft, spindle, or druni, and the said area gradually increases
until it reaches the outer convolution of said spiral. The hollow spiral is preferably
enclosed in an hermetically sealed chamber which is formed with an outlet which
communicates with a suitable condenser, so that when steam or other condensable
fluid be the agent employed for working the engine the same may where preferred be
expanded down to condenser pressure. The shaft, spindle, or drum extends preferably
through both sides of said sealed chamber which are sealed by means of suitably formed
packing glands.
The said shaft, spindle, or drum may be of any desired length and is made with a
central orifice or hollow space which is for the purpose of conducting steam or other
expansible fluid to the hollow spiral; I prefer the stean or other like fluid to enter
said orifice from the periphery of said shaft, drum, or spindle, and for this purpose I
connect the central orifice or hollow space formed in shaft by means of extending the
same at right angles so that it cominunicates with the periphery of the said shaft, and
around the periphery of this portion of said shaft, spindle, or drum I form a closed
annular space, and hermetically seal the same by means of suitably packed glands
arranged at either side thereof.
The said central orifice communicates with the hollow spiral by means of being
extended at right angles to the shaft, and thereby coming into direct communication
with that portion of hollow spiral of least cross sectional area. I prefer to have only
one communicating orifice for the purpose of conducting steam or other agent to the
spiral, but it will be obvious that any number of said orifices may be employed, and
terminate for the inlet of steam or other agent at any desired part of spindle shaft
or drum.
The said hollow shaft, spindle, or drum may have a suitable belt pulley or pullies or
wheel or wheels attached thereto or fixed thereon for the purpose of communicating
its motion to other mashinery or for other nurnoses

page_text: My new or improved motive-power engine works in the following manner:
Steam or other expansible fluid enters the central orifice of the shaft, spindle, or drum,
and forces its way into the hollow spiral whose gradually expanding or increasing
area allows the said steam or other agent to expand and react, and by means of the
said force the said spiral together with the shaft, spindle, or drum is caused to revolve
in the opposite direction to the progress or travel of the steam or other fluid, which
expands until it leaves the hollow spiral at its outer convolution, and at exhaust
pressure.
The steam or other expansible fluid employed as the motive-power for my new or
improved engine may be controlled by means of a suitable throttle valve and the speed
of said motor may be regulated by means of a suitable governor, or in any other
manner.
It will be obvious that the expanding tube or tubes may be wound round the shaft,
spindle, or drum in the form of a helix or helices instead of as a spiral, and would
work or be worked in a similar way to my new or improved motive-power engine
formed with a spiral tube or tubes as will be well understood.
Dated this First day of April 1889.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M.I.M.E.,
Barnsley, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Steam or other Motive Power Engine.
1, ARTHUR ALBERT GARSIDE of Poplar Villas St. Matthias Street Burley, Leeds
in the county of York Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My present invention relates to motive-power engines which are worked by the
expansion and reaction of steam or other agent which is or develops an expansible
fluid, and the object thereof is to employ new or improved means for converting said
expansible fluid into mechanical motion or power; to attain which I employ one or
more tubes, which I term hollow spiral or spirals, and I fix or attach the same in
such a position to or upon a shaft, spindle, or drum, that when steam or other
expanding fluid be forced through or passes through such hollow spiral or spirals its
expansion and reaction cause the same to revolve together with the said shaft, spindle,
or drum. It will be obvious that instead of arranging the tube or tubes in the form
of a spiral or spirals it or they may be arranged to wind round the spindle, shaft, or
drum in the form of a helix or helices.
In order that my said invention may be fully understood, and so that it
may
be
readily carried into effect, I hereunto attach at set of drawings illustrative of the
same, of which the following is a description:
:―
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation taken on line b, b, of fig. 2 which latter is a cross
sectional elevation taken on line a, a, of fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a plan of my improved
motive-power engine arranged with a hollow spiral; and fig. 4 is a cross sectional
elevation of a modified form of my improved engine arranged with a hollow helix.
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts of the same engine in each
view thereof.
Referring to figs. 1, 2, and 3, the hollow spiral C is keyed on or otherwise suitably
fixed upon the spindle, shaft, or drum D, and the cross sectional area of the hollow
portion of said spiral is less at c¹ where it communicates with the shaft, spindle, or
drum D, and gradually increases in area to the open end c² of the outer convolution.
where it is of the greater area, so that the hollow of spiral C is of gradually
increasing area throughout its convolutions as will be well understood.
The said spiral C is encased in a suitable chamber E which is preferably made in
the form shown at fig. 2, and has two glands or stuffing boxes e¹, e', in order to

page_text: prevent the escape of the motive fluid used for the driving of the engine from, or the
ingress of the atmospheric air to, the said chamber E.
The chamber E is also arranged with a branch or port e² in order that it may
communicate with an ordinary or other suitable condenser, so that when steam or
other like condensible fluid be the agent employed for working the engine such agent
may be expanded down to condenser pressure.
The shaft, drum, or spindle D may be of any desired length; it is formed with a
central orifice or hollow d' which is for the purpose of conducting the live steam or
other expansible fluid to the hollow spiral C. I prefer the steam or other like fluid to
enter the central hollow portion d¹ from the periphery of the shaft D, and for this
purpose the said hollow, portion d' extends at right angles with the shaft as shown at d²
and in order to conduct the expansible fluid thereunto without escape I form a closed
annular space f¹ by means of a double glanded box F as shown in figs. 2 and 3 which
is formed with a branch 2 (see fig. 3) in order to couple or connect a pipe, stop
cock, throttle valve, or the like thereto for the purpose of conducting or controlling
the necessary amount of live steam or other expansible fluid to the spiral C.
The shaft drum or spindle D is carried in suitable bearings G, and it is made of a
suitable length so as to receive a driving pulley H or other mechanical appliance for
the purpose of communicating its motion or power to machinery or other apparatus
required to be driven.
It will be obvious that although I only show one hollow spiral C ſitted or fixed
upon the shaft, spindle, or drum D, that where preferred more than one such spiral C
may be fixed thereon, it only being necessary in such a case to increase the number
of passages d³ communicating the central orifice d¹ to the hollow parts c¹ accordingly.
It will also be obvious that any number of orifices d¹ may be employed and
terminate for the inlet of the steam or other like motive agent at any desired part of
the spindle shaft or drum D.
My new or improved motive-power engine works in the following manner:
Steam or other expansible fluid enters through the branch ₁ into the central
orifice d' of shaft, spindle, or drum D, and is forced or forces its way into the hollow
spiral ( commencing at c¹, then the gradually increasing area of hollow part of said
spiral Callows the said fluid to expand and react, and thus to press against the outer
walls of the hollow convolute spaces so that the spiral C together with the shaft,
drum, or spindle D, whereon it is keyed or otherwise secured, is caused to revolve in
a contrary direction to the progress or travel of the expansible fluid, which expands
and reacts until it leaves the hollow spiral C at its outer convolution c² at exhaust or
condenser pressure.
The steam or other expansible fluid employed as the motive-power for my new or
improved engine may be controlled by means of a suitable throttle valve and the
speed of said engine may be regulated in the ordinary manner by a suitable governor.―
Where preferred the tube C may be arranged to wind round the shaft spindle or
drum D in the form of a helix as shown at fig. 4 in which case it is nevertheless
worked in a similar manner as herein before described with reference to the spiral
form of engine figs. 1, 2 and 3; and it is obvious that where desirable more than
one such hollow helix C may be fixed upon the shaft, spindle, or drum D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a motive-power engine worked by means of an expansible fluid the use of a
hollow spiral C fixed to a shaft, spindle or drum D having an orifice d' and enclosed
in a chamber E substantially as described and illustrated at figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the
accompanying drawings.
2. In a motive-power engine driven by means of an expansible fluid the use of
one or more hollow spirals () of gradually increasing area and fixed upon a shaft
spindle or drum D substantially as described.

page_text: 3. The combination of a hollow spiral C secured to a partly hollow shaft D with a
chamber E bearings G and gland box F substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
4. An engine whose motive-power is an expansible fluid arranged and constructed
substantially as set forth in figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings annexed or any obvious
imitation thereof.
5. In a motive-power engine driven by an expansible fluid the use of one or more
hollow helices C of gradually increasing area and secured upon a shaft spindle or
drum D substantially as described.
6. An engine whose motive-power is an expansible fluid arranged and constructed
substantially as set forth at fig. 4 of the drawings attached or any mere modification
thereof.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M.I.M.E.,
Barnsley and Sheffield, Agent.