Improvements in Lead and other Pipes for Conveying Liquid.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Feb.. 1895
Complete Specification Left, 26th Nov., 1895-Accepted. 28th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lead and other Pipes for Conveying Liquid.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS, Hydraulic Engineer Peaseholm Green, York, and
MOSES JAMES ADAMS, Sanitary Engineer Peaseholm Green York do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to a new form of lead or other pipe used to convey
water or liquid and designed to obviate the difficulty now so general of pipes
bursting. by frost-and whereas the circular pipe now used when filled by liquid
leaves no room for the expansion during freezing and hence in the freezing of liquid
the expansion will burst the pipe-in our improvement we provide a pipe which
when full of liquid shall yet by the form of the pipe have material of sufficient
circumference to allow of change of form and a thereby increased area and capacity
for the liquid contained therein and it will be obvious that if at the time of
expansion by frost the pipe may-with the expansion of the liquid-assume a form
under which its sectional area is increased-this increase in sectional area and
consequent capacity will prevent the bursting which in an ordinary circular pipe
would ensue.
In our improvement we prefer to form the pipe with one or more
indents or depressions or corrugations carried along its length continuously or at
intervals and it will be apparent that if a circular pipe be indented the sectional
area will be decreused and the sectional area will again be increased by the
opening of this indent and will increase in proportion as the full circular form of the
pipe is approached. This alteration of form is the basis of our invention and so
long as a pipe be reduced in its sectional area by an indent or depression we obtain
the end we desire and it is not absolutely material how this depression or decreased
area is obtained so long as it shall allow of the opening out of the same when
expansion takes place.
Dated this 25th day of February 1895.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS.
MOSES JAMES ADAMS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lead and other Pipes for Conveying Liquid.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS Hydraulic Engineer Peaseholm Green York,
MOSES JAMES ADAMS Sanitary Engineer Peaseholm Green York, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our improvements relate to a new form of lead or other pipe used to convey
water or liquid and designed to obviate the difficulty now so general of pipes
bursting by frost-and whereas the circular pipe now used when filled by liquid
leaves no room for the expansion during heezing and hence in the freezing of
liquid the expansion will burst the pipe-in our improvement we provide a pipe
which when full of liquid shall yet by the form of the pipe have material of
sufficient circumference to allow of change of form and a thereby increased area
17

page_text: and capacity for the liquid contained therein, and it will be obvious that if at the
time of expansion by frost the pipe may with the expansion of the liquid assume
a form under which its sectional area is increased-this increase in sectional area
and consequent capacity will prevent the bursting which in an ordinary circular
pipe would ensue until by continued freezings & expandings the full diameter is
reached. In our improvement we prefer to form the pipe with one or more indents
or depressions or corrugations carried along its length continuously or at intervals
aud it will be apparent that if a circular pipe be indebted the sectional area will
be decreased, and the sectional area will again be increased by the opening of this
indent and will increase in proportion as the full circular form of the pipe is
approached. This alteration of form is the basis of our invention and so long
as a pipe be reduced in its sectional area by an indent or depression we obtain the
end we desire, and it is not absolutely material how this depression or decrease
in area be obtained so long as it shall allow of the opening out of the same when
expansion takes place.
Reference to our drawings will explain our invention and in these
Fig. 1. Fig. 2. Fig. 3. Fig. 4. shew the pipe with single indentation or depression
the sections A B C D shew this clearly and the elevations as A'B'C'D' also
explain this and the form taken by the pipe in the different stages of expansion
and at D' of bursting. Fig. 3. C and C¹ shew the pipe which has now assumed
its full circular form."
Fig. 5 shews the section of such a pipe having two indentations or one elongation
of its cross section and Fig. 6 shews a pipe where the form taken is oval-it is
evident however that we may obtain the saine result by forms not shewn and that
it is immaterial what form such a pipe shall take provided the same result is
obtained.
"
1.
And now having fully described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed what we claim' is
1st. A pipe so formed that its cross sectional area shall be capable of expansion
at the time of freezing, for the purpose of preventing the bursting of the said pipe.
2nd. In combination with a lead or similar pipe a cross section which by its
formation, shall regardless of its shape or figure give when required an increased
capacity, for the purpose of preventing the bursting of water or similar pipes by
frost.
3rd. A lead or similar or other pipe having a groove or other such indentation
formed in its circumference for the purpose of preventing the bursting of such
pipe by frost.
4th. The construction of lead or similar pipes for liquid formed of a cross section
as shewn on our drawings herewith.
5th. The construction of such pipes tho' differing in conformity from yet
practically the same and for the same purpose.
Dated this 25th day of November 1895.