IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING VELVETS AND VELVETEENS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Wolstenholme, of Oldham, in the County
of Lancaster, Manager, and Henry Buckley and Robert Whitehead
Buckley, of the same Place, Cotton Spinners, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING VELVETS AND VELVETEENS."
Sealed the 26th April 1872, and dated the 11th November 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Wolstenholme,
Henry Buckley, and Robert Whitehead Buckley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 11th
November 1871.
We, ROBERT WOLSTENHOLME, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Manager, and HENRY BUCKLEY and ROBERT WHITEHEAD BUCKLEY, of
the same Place, Cotton Spinners, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING VELVETS
AND VELVETEENS," to be as follows:-

page_text: May 1872.
•
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
WOLSTENHOLME, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, and
HENRY BUCKLEY and ROBERT WHITEHEAD BUCKLEY, of the same
Place, Cotton Spinners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Robert Wolstenholme, Henry Buckley,
and Robert Whitehead Buckley, Her special licence that we, the said
Robert Wolstenholme, Henry Buckley, and Robert Whitehead Buckley,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Robert Wolstenholme, Henry Buckley, and Robert Whitehead Buckley,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVETS AND VELVETEENS," upon the
condition, amongst others, that we, the said Robert Wolstenholme,
Henry Buckley, and Robert Whitehead Buckley, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: Henry Buckley, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying Drawings, that is to say :—
manner.
Our Invention relates to velvets and velveteens and has for its object
to produce a material having a "good face" in a comparatively simple
For this purpose we employ in some cases eight shafts, and
in some cases six shafts only, and we in some cases weave twenty
picks to each "round" of the pattern, that is to say, twenty picks are
required to complete each repetition of the pattern, and in other cases
we weave only twelve picks to each round.
Our method of weaving will be readily understood on examination of
the accompanying sheet of weavers' drafts.
Draft 1 shows a method of weaving a plain back velvet or velveteen
with "eight shafts " and with twenty picks to the round. In this case
every alternate end beginning with the first is lifted for a first pick, the
first end in each repetition of eight ends being lifted for the second pick.
The third end is lifted for the third pick, the fifth end for the fourth
pick, and the seventh end for the fifth pick. For the sixth pick are
lifted the ends intermediate between those lifted for the first pick. For
the seventh pick the third end, for the eighth pick the fifth end, for
the ninth pick the seventh end, and for the tenth pick the first end is
lifted, every alternate end being lifted for the eleventh pick. For the
twelfth pick the fifth end, for the thirteenth pick the seventh end, for
the fourteenth pick the first end, and for the fifteenth pick the third end
is lifted, the same ends being lifted for the sixteenth as for the sixth
pick. For the seventeenth pick the seventh end, for the eighteenth
pick the first end, for the nineteenth pick the third end, and for the
twentieth pick the fifth end is lifted, which completes the round of
the pattern.

page_text: the ends with the exception of the third and the seventh in each repeat
of eight ends are lifted for a first pick, the succeeding picks, with the
exception of the sixth, eleventh, and sixteenth picks in each round, being
made with the ends lifted, as for the corresponding picks in Draft 1.
For the sixth pick all the eight ends excepting the second and the sixth
are lifted, for the eleventh pick all the ends excepting the first and the
fifth are lifted, and for the sixteenth-pick all the ends with the exception
of the fourth and the eighth are lifted.

page_text: Draft 14 shows another method of weaving twill backs with eight
shafts and twelve picks to the round. In this case the first, fourth,
seventh, and tenth picks are made with the ends lifted as in Draft 10.
The first end is lifted for the second pick, and the fifth end for the third
pick. The third end is lifted for the fifth pick, and the seventh end for
the sixth pick. The fifth end is lifted for the eighth pick, and the first
end for the ninth pick. The seventh end is lifted for the eleventh pick,
and the third end for the twelfth pick.
snarts and twelve picks to
the round. In this case the nrst, Iourth,
seventh, and tenth picks are made with the ends lifted as in Draft 10.
The first end is lifted for the second pick, and the fifth end for the third
pick. The third end is lifted for the fifth pick, and the seventh end for
the sixth pick. The fifth end is lifted for the eighth pick, and the first
end for the ninth pick. The seventh end is lifted for the eleventh pick,
and the third end for the twelfth pick.
Draft 15 is a modification of Draft 14 and produces a plain back
instead of a twill back. In this case every alternate end beginning with 1
the first is lifted for a first pick and the intermediate ends are lifted for
the third pick. For the seventh pick the ends are lifted as for the first
pick, and for the tenth as for the third pick, all the other picks in the
round being made with the ends lifted as in Draft 14.
Draft 16 shows a method of weaving twill back velvets or velveteens 1
with six shafts only and with twelve picks to the round. In this case
all the ends with the exception of the third and the sixth in each repeat
of six ends are lifted for the first pick, the first end being lifted for the
second pick, the third end for the third pick, and the fifth end for the
fourth pick. For the fifth pick all the ends with the exception of the 2
first and the fourth are lifted, the third end being lifted for the sixth pick,
the fifth end for the seventh pick, and the first end for the eighth pick.
For the ninth pick all the ends excepting the second and the fifth are
lifted, the fifth end being liſted for the tenth pick, the first end for the
eleventh pick, and the third end for the twelfth pick.
2

page_text: Having now fully described the nature and extent of our Invention,
we may state in conclusion that we claim, the several methods of weaving
velvets and velveteens set forth and indicated herein-before and by the
accompanying "weavers' Drafts."
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Wolstenholme and Robert
Whitehead Buckley, for ourselves and on behalf of the said
Henry Buckley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-two.
KUBERT WHITEHEAD DUUREL (1.8.)
Signed and sealed by the said Robert
Wolstenholme and Robert White-
head Buckley, in the presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent for the Patentees,
3, Smithy Door,
Manchester.