AN IMPROVED FILTER
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Walker, of London Street, in the City of
London, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED FILTER."-A communication.
Scaled the 16th April 1859, and dated the 19th October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Walker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
October 1858.
I, EDMUND WALKER, of London Street, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED FILTER," a
communication, to be as follows, and consists of a case of metal or metallic
alloy that will not easily corrode, or of wood; to the ends of this case the
beads are secured, furnished with passages also with holes through their
centres tapering, being larger in the inner side; pipes, with their inner ends
closed are fitted to the holes, openings are made in one side to correspond
with the passages in the heads. The inside frame of the filter which holds
the filtering medium is made in two parts, shutting into each other, with the
felt or other medium between them, horizontal and vertical flanges keeping it
distended. A packing is formed by the edges of the felt to prevent the water
passing from one side to the other, or the material may be held in place by
pieces of wire netting, or in any other convenient manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edmund Walker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th April 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDMUND
WALKER, of London Street, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the
year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Edmund Walker, Her special licence that I, the said
Edmund Walker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Edmund Walker, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED FILTER," (a communication from abroad,) upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edmund Walker, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmund Walker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, in which
Fig. 1 represents the filter complete; Fig. 2 is a section through the centre
of the filter, from side to side, in the direction of the passages D, D; Fig. 3
shews the case with the top and inside removed; Fig. 4, the parts for holding
the filtering medium, one in perspective to shew the flanges; Fig. 5, another
plan for holding the filtering medium; Fig. 6 shews how the folds may be
arranged around a centre.
To construct my improved filter, make the case A of metal or metallic alloy
that will not easily corrode, or of wood; to the ends of this case secure the
heads L, L, by screws or bolts, or the lower head may be cast in one piece
with the case. These heads have passages D, D, from side to side, and also
holes, their centres made tapering, larger in the inner side, and fitted with
pipes B, C, having their inner ends closed, and openings made in one side to

page_text: correspond with the passages D, D. The inside frame of the filter holding the
filtering medium is made in two parts, as seen in Fig. 4, which shut into cach
other, with the felt or other medium between them; the horizontal flanges
I, I, serving to keep it distended, while the vertical flanges O, O, on their
edges come so close together as to hold the material between them tight, and
keep it in place. A small portion of the filtering medium projects beyond
the flanges 0, 0, and when the frame is inserted in the case A the surplus
edge presses against the sides of the case E, E, and acts as a packing to keep
the water from passing from one side to the other, except through the filtering
medium F, or wire netting may be used as in Fig. 5, stiff enough to hold the
material between its folds, and keep it in place or as in Fig. 6, where the
folds are arranged around a centre, the materials being still held by the edge
flanges 0, 0, and distended by I, I.
To use the filter, fasten the pipe B to the supply pipe, with the aperture G
on one side, say, to the right, as in Fig. 2, and the filter turned so that the
passages D, D, range from right to left; the water will have free entrance to
the case and through the filtering medium F, in the direction of the black
arrows Fig. 2, and when the pipe C is turned so that its opening H agrees
with the left-hand passage in the lower head, the water is drawn through the
medium in centre of the filter; but if the pipe C is turned half way round so
that its aperture H agrees with the right-hand passage in the lower head,
the water will be drawn directly down the right-hand side of the case, and be
discharged without filtering. To cleanse the filtering medium, turn the whole
filter half way round on the pipe B, so as to reverse the passages D), D, and
the water will pass through the case and filtering medium in the direction
shewn by the red arrows Fig. 2, and will easily remove any dirt or sediment
deposited on the filtering medium.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same may be put in operation, what I claim is,―
First, increasing the extent of the surface of the filtering medium by folding
and holding or supporting the fold as described.
Second, I claim the combination of the pipes B and C, and heads having
passages as described, with the case A constructed and operating as set forth..
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Walker, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 14th day of April, 1859.
EDMUND WALKER. (L.S.)