IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BAKERS' OVENS.
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Tomliuson and Robert Arthur Tomlinson, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Builders and Contractors, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BAKERS' OVENS.
Sealed the 23rd May 1879, and dated the 5th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Tomlinson and Robert
Arthur Tomlinson at the Office of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 5th
February 1879.
JOHN TOMLINSON and ROBERT ARTHUR TOMLINSON, both of Manchester, in the
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
County of Lancaster, Builders and Contractors.
STRUCTION OF BAKERS' OVENS."
Our improvements consist, first, in heating two bakers' ovens by one fire grate
or furnace; this fire grate is placed between the two ovens, and each oven is con-
nected to the grate by two flues, one of which is for heating the back of the oven,
and the other the front end. Each flue is provided with a damper, which can be
opened or closed when required. Above the fire grate is a steam boiler, the steam
from which is conveyed by pipes to the furnace; the water from this boiler can also
be utilised for mixing the dough and other purposes; and the boiler is provided
with a gauge to indicate the level of the water.
The furnace doors slide in side grooves and are opened sideways, and at the joint
is a rabbet to make an air tight joint.
Our Invention can be applied to single ovens by placing the fire grate to one side
and conveying the products of combustion into the oven by two flucs, as before.
The products of combustion from the oven are carried off by an upright flue passing
through the root of the oven, and provided with a damper."
We make two side flues in the brick work to convey air to each side of the bridge
at the end of the furnace, the object of which is to consume smoke.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Tomlinson and Robert Arthur Tomlinson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th August 1879.
JOHN TOMLINSON and ROBERT ARTHUR TOMLINSON, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Builders and Contractors. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
ESTRUCTION OF BAKERS OVENS..
___
Our improvements consist, first, in heating two bakers' ovens by one fire grate or
furnace; this fire grate is placed between the two ovens, and each oven is connected
to the grate by two flues, one of which is for heating the back of the oven, and the
other the front end. Each flue is provided with a damper, which can be opened or
closed when required. Above the firegrate is a steam boiler, the steam from which
is conveyed by pipes i to the furnace; the water from this boiler can also be utilised
for mixing the dough and other purposes; and the boiler is provided with a guage
to indicate the level of the water. The furnace doors slide in side grooves and are
opened sideways, and at the joint is a rabbet to make an airtight joint.
Our Invention can be applied to single ovens by placing the fire grate to one side
and conveying the products of combustion into the oven by two flues, as before.
The products of combustion from the oven are carried off by an upright flue passing
through the roof of the oven, and provided with a damper. We make two side flues
in the brick work to convey air to each side of the bridge at the end of the furnace,
the object of which is to consume smoke.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
operation we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front view, Fig. 2 is a plan, Fig. 3 is a cross section, and Fig. 4 a longi-
tudinal section of a double bakers' oven constructed according to our improvements.
a, a, are the two ovens, and b the fire grate or furnace by which they are heated;
6 are the furnace doors. Each oven is connected to the furnace by two flues; the
flues & are for carrying the products of combustion into the back of the ovens, and
the flues e for conveying the products of combustion into the front end of the ovens ;
the double dampers f, f, are for opening and closing the flues d and e when required.
Above the fire grate or furnace b is the small steam boiler g, the steam from which
is conveyed by pipes to the furnace to promote combustion. The water from the
boiler can also be utilised for mixing the dough and for other purposes; and the
boiler is provided with a guage to indicate the level of the water.
The furnace doors slide in side grooves outside the furnace front 63, and are
opened sideways, as shewn in Fig. 1, and at the joint is a rabbet to make it air-
tight.
The oven doors a¹ are provided with counterweights as usual, and each oven is
connected to the chimney h by the vertical flue h¹ and diagonal flue ². The lower
ends of the flues h¹ are forked; as shewn in Fig. 3, the object of which is to allow
space for a midfeather h, shewn in Fig. 4, to spread the products of combustion,
and in each flue h' is a damper h³ to shut off the communication to the chimney
when required.
The mode of operation is as follows:-In Fig. 2 the dampers f. f, are shewn in the
positions they occupy when the flues e, e, are closed and the flues d, d, are open; the
products of combustion are consequently passing from the furnace b into the back
ends of the ovens. By varying the positions of the dampers fand h³ each oven can
be heated independently of the other.
Fig. 5 represents a modification of our Invention applicable to single ovens. In
this case the firegrate or furnace b is placed to one side of the oven a. The furnace
is connected to the oven by two flues d and e, as shewn in Fig. 2. The products of
combustion from the oven are carried off by the upright flue passing through the
roof of the oven; and provided with a damper, as before described.

page_text: In order to consume the smoke we convey air through the side flues 63 from the
front of the oven to each side of the bridge at the end of the furnace.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, we declare that we claim,-
Firstly. The improved arrangement of flues for heating two bakers' ovens by one
furnace, as shewn and described.
Secondly. The application of the boiler g to bakers' ovens in the manner and for
the purposes described.
Thirdly. The improved arrangement of flues for heating a baker's oven, as shewn
and described in reference to Fig. 5.
Fourthly. The application of side flues to convey air to the back of the furnace of
a baker's oven.
Fifthly. The improved furnace doors for bakers' ovens, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Tomlinson and Robert Arthur Tom-
linson, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirty first day of July,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
JOHN TOMLINSON.
(L.S.)
ROBERT ARTHUR TOMLINSON. (L.S.)