Improvements in or connected with Stampers for Crushing Ores and Analogous Substances.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Stampers for Crushing Ores and
Analogous Substances.
I, FRANCIS HANIEL HARVEY, of Hayle, in the County of Cornwall, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to stamping machinery for reducing or crushing
metaliferous ore, or similar substances, to a finely divided state; that is, to a
condition or state in which the crushed substance will pass through minute holes
in grates or sieves, such as those ordinarily used in mines; and it relates, more
particularly, to that type of this kind of machinery with stampers, in which the
reduction is effected in a mortar or coffer in the presence of water, or in a dry
state; and the jar due to the blows of the stamper heads and inertia of momentum
are mitigated or divided by a pneumatic cylinder connection on the operating
parts.
A complete stamper, according to this invention, comprises the parts and
characteristics as follows: but it is to be understood that the several improvements
hereunder may be used or employed separately, as well as conjointly, in a
stamper, and to such types of stampers as they may be advantageously used in
connection with.
The frame consists of upright columns inclined towards each other, of iron or
steel, and made up of angled bars and plates, and mounted upon and fixed to base
beams of angle irons and plates. At the top, angle bars and plates, or the like,
connect the columns together; and there is above a cast iron frame, fixed on to
the column fastening. On this cast metal frame at each side, is a bearing; and
in these bearings the main driving shaft (having say a belt wheel driving
means at one side, and a fly wheel at the other) is mounted. Then below, in the
centre of the frame of the stamper, the crushing coffer or mortar of ordinary
construction-is disposed, and in which the usual parts are disposed and worked.
Extending across, and fixed to one pair of columns of the frame, viz., the back
columns, there are bridges in the form of cast iron girders or beams, having,
in their centre, guides or bearings, and in these guides, the stamp rods work;
and they are worked from the crank shaft by a pair of adjustable connecting
rods, through a pneumatic cylinder.
The improvements in and connected with the pneumatic cylinder, stamp head
rods, guides, or bearings; and connecting rods; I will now describe.
The pneumatic cylinder referred to is fitted over or on, and adapted to move
up and down on, the stamp rod. It is provided with a packing at each end,
which works on the stamp rod, and makes an air tight joint with it, above and
below the piston thereon, and filling the cylinder diametrically. The cylinder
is provided with trunnions at each side, over which the lower ends of the con-
necting rods fit. Small holes are provided through the walls of the cylinder,
just above and below the piston-when in its normal or central position in the
centre of the cylinder; and these keep the ends of the cylinder fully and perfectly.

page_text: charged with air. When the piston is moved up or down at the ends of the
strokes of the crank and connecting rods, it covers and closes one set of these
holes, and thus a body of air is enclosed within the end of the cylinder, and a
pneumatic connection is formed between the rigid and positively moved parts,
viz., the crank shaft and connecting rods, and the stamp rod or rods, and stamp
heads.
The packing in the covers of the cylinder surrounding the rod, and making
an air tight joint between it and the cylinder, consists of a packing ring of
leather or other suitable or equivalent material. These packing rings are held
in position by a gland, fitting into an annular space round the rod in the cover,
and pressing on the flanges or upper edge of the packing ring, and so make an
air tight joint between such ring and the metal of the cover. A groove or
space is provided behind the outer surface of the packing ring in the cylinder
cover, and communicates by suitable holes with the interior of the cylinder.
The air under pressure in the cylinder thus has access to the packing of the
packing ring, and presses it up to the piston rod surface, and makes an air tight
joint. Thus a double air tight joint, first with the metal of the cover
cylinders, and secondly, with the surface of the rod, is provided.
of the
This cylinder, of course, has the object and effect of introducing between the
rigid driving part, viz., the stamper heads and rods, an elastic cushion of im-
prisoned air, the end of which is that excessive jar, due to the force of the blows
delivered, and the inertia of momentum of the parts, at the ends of the strokes
of the stamper, is avoided.
The rod guides; or the lower guide, consists of a plummer block, and cap,
holding within it a seat block-say of cast iron-in which a bushing, constituting
the real guide, is fitted and rests. The cast seat block is tapered internally;
and the bush is also tapered, being larger above, and tapering to a smaller
diameter below.
This bush consists of several parts, say three or four or more sections, which
together make up a circular externally tapered or curved bush; and they are held
together, when in place, by studs at different points; and between these joints
of the sections are placed a number of thin liners, by means of which the adjust-
ment of the guide or bush up to the rod, when worn, is effected. That is, by
taking out one or more of these liners, after having removed the bush, and then
placing them back again in their seat or holding block, contact and bearing
between the rod and the metal of the guide is made.
These guide bushes are kept down in position by a gland plate bolted to the
coffer block, and this plate may be divided along the centre, the two points being
suitably fastened together by readily detached devices, so that they may be
readily removed and replaced; and the bushing or guide being in segments as
described, can also be readily removed and replaced.
In one case, this special guide is used only for the lower guide, as generally
the greater wear takes place in this guide.
The adjustment of the pneumatic cylinder with the stamper head is obtained
by means of the employment of adjustable connecting rods, connecting the crank
of the crank shaft with the trunnions of the pneumatic cylinder. These rods
are in two parts, the ends of the abutting parts being threaded with right and
left hand threads, and are joined up by a long internally threaded sleeve or
socket.
By these means, by turning this socket or sleeve in one direction, or the other,
the height of the pneumatic cylinder, and the stamper heads, are raised or
lowered, and the required adjustment effected; when the adjustment has been
effected, the parts are locked in position, by lock nuts at top and bottom.
In connection with these adjusting devices, an index plate, or the like, is let
into the lower screw thread of each rod, having plainly marked and figured
devices. By these means, when adjusting, the exact point to which the parts
have been moved in each rod, and the equal adjustment of the rod is obtained.

page_text: The stampers herein described may have a single rod, and the stamper, or
each machine, may comprise a plurality of stamper rods, pneumatic cylinders,
and double connecting rods.
Dated this 20th love of Tannaw 1900
Improvements in or connected with Stampers for Crushing Ores and
Analogous Substances.
I, FRANCIS HANIEL Harvey, of Hayle, in the County of Cornwall, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:
-
This invention has reference to stamping machinery for reducing or crushing
metaliferous ores; or similar substances, to a finely divided state; that is, to a
condition or state in which the crushed substance will pass through minute holes
in grates or sieves, such as those ordinarily used in mines; and it relates, more
particularly, to that type of this kind of machinery or stampers, in which the
reduction is effected in a mortar or coffer in the presence of water, or in a dry
state; and the jars due to the blows of the stamper heads and inertia of momentum
are mitigated or obviated by a pneumatic cylinder connection on the operating
parts.
A complete stamper, according to this invention, comprises the parts and
characteristics as follows: but it is to be understood that the several improvements
hereunder may be used or employed separately, as well as conjointly, in a
stamper, and to such types of stampers as they may be advantageously used in
connection with.
The frame consists of upright columns inclined towards each other, of iron or
steel, and made up of angled bars and plates, and mounted upon and fixed to base
beams of angle irons and plates. At the top, angle bars and plates, or the like,
connect the columns together; and there is above a cast iron frame, fixed on to
the column fastening. On this cast metal frame at each side, is a bearing; and
in these bearings the main driving shaft (having say a belt wheel driving
means at one side, and a fly wheel at the other) is mounted. Then below, in the
centre of the frame of the stamper, the crushing coffer or mortar of ordinary
construction is disposed, and in which the usual parts are disposed and worked.
Extending across, and fixed to one pair of columns of the frame, viz., the back
columns, there are bridges, in the form of cast iron girders or beams, having,
in their centre, guides or bearings, and in these guides, the stamp rods work;
and they are worked from the crank shaft by a pair of adjustable connecting
rods, through a pneumatic cylinder.
The improvements in and connected with the pneumatic cylinder, stamp head
rods, guides, or bearings; and connecting rods; I will now describe.
The pneumatic cylinder referred to is fitted over or on, and adapted to move
up and down on, the stamp rod. It is provided with a packing at each end,
which works on the stamp rod, and makes an air tight joint with it, above and
below the piston thereon, which fills the cylinder diametrically. The cylinder
is provided with trunnions at each side, over which the lower ends of the con-
necting rods fit. Small holes are provided through the walls of the cylinder,

page_text: just above and below the piston-when in its normal or central position in the
centre of the cylinder and these keep the ends of the cylinder fully and properly
charged with air. When the piston is moved up or down at the ends of the
strokes of the crank and connecting rods, it covers and closes one set of these
holes, and thus a body of air is enclosed within the end of the cylinder, and a
pneumatic connection is formed between the rigid and positively moved parts,
iz., the crank shaft and connecting rods, and the stamp rod or rods, and stamp
heads.
The packing in the covers of the cylinder surrounding the rod, and making
an air tight joint between it and the cylinder, consists of a packing ring of
leather or other suitable or equivalent material. These packing rings are held
in position by a gland, fitting into an annular space round the rod in the cover,
and pressing on the flanges or upper edge of the packing ring, and so make an
air tight joint between such ring and the metal of the cover. A groove or
space is provided behind the outer surface of the packing ring in the cylinder
cover, and communicates by suitable holes with the interior of the cylinder.
The air under pressure in the cylinder thus has access to the back of the
packing ring, and presses it up to the piston rod surface, and makes an air tight
joint. Thus a double air tight joint, first with the metal of the cover of the
cylinders, and secondly, with the surface of the rod, is provided.
This cylinder, of course, has the object and effect of introducing between the
rigid driving part, viz., the stamper heads and rods, an elastic cushion of in-
prisoned air, the end of which is that excessive jar, due to the force of the blows
"delivered, and the inertia of momentum of the parts, at the ends of the strokes
of the stamper, is avoided.
The rod guides, or the lower guide, consists of a plummer block, and cap,
holding within it a seat block-say of cast iron-in which a bushing, constituting
the real guide, is fitted and rests. The cast seat block is tapered internally:
and the bush is also tapered, being larger above, and tapering to a smaller
diameter below.
This bush consists of several parts, say three or four or more sections, which
together make up a circular externally tapered or curved bush; and they are held
together, when in place, by studs at different points; and between these joints
of the sections are placed a number of thin liners, by means of which the adjust-
ments of the guide or bush up to the rod, when worn, is effected. That is, by
taking out one or more of these liners, after having removed the bush, and then
placing them back again in their seat or holding block, contact and bearing
between the rod and the metal of the guide is made.
These guide bushes are kept down in position by a gland plate bolted to the
plummer block, and this plate may be divided along the centre, the two points being
suitably fastened together by readily detached devices, so that they may be
readily removed and replaced; and the bushing or guide, being in segments, as
described, can also be readily removed and replaced.
In some cases, this special guide is used only for the lower guide, as generally
the greater wear takes place in this guide.
The adjustment of the pneumatic cylinder with the stamper head is obtained
by means of the employment of adjustable connecting rods, connecting the crank
of the crank shaft with the trunnions of the pneumatic cylinder. These rods
are in two parts, the ends of the abutting parts being threaded with right and
left hand threads, and are joined up by a long internally threaded sleeve or
socket.
By these means, by turning this socket or sleeve in one direction, or the other,
the height of the pneumatic cylinder, and the stamper heads, are raised or
lowered, and the required adjustment effected; when the adjustment has been
effected, the parts are locked in position, by lock nuts at the top and bottom.
In connection with these adjusting devices, an index plate, or the like, is let
into the lower screw thread of each rod, having plainly marked and figured

page_text: devices. By these means, when adjusting, the exact point to which the parts
have been moved in each rod, and the equal adjustment of the rod is obtained.
The stampers herein described may have a single rod, and the stamper, or
cach machine may comprise a plurality of stamper rods, pneumatic cylinders,
and double connecting rods.
:
A complete stamper according to this invention, comprising all its character-
istics, is illustrated in the annexed drawings; and the invention will be described
by the aid of these drawings. It is, however, to be understood that the several
improvements hereunder may be employed or used separately, as well as con-
jointly in a stamper, and to such types of stampers as they may be advantageously
used in connection with.
In these drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus; and Figure
an end elevation.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section shewing a pneumatic cylinder under this
invention.
Figures 4 and 5 are plan and vertical section, respectively, shewing the piston
rod lower guide under this invention.
Figure 6 is a view illustrating the connecting rods for connecting the pneumatic
cylinder with the crank shaft of the stamper.
With reference to the drawings, are the main columns of the frame, and
the sills thereof; both of which are made of wrought iron or steel plates and
angle bars, rivetted together. are angle bars and plates by which the upper
part of the columns a are connected together. is a rectangular cast iron or
steel bed for supporting the crank shaft, it being seated on, and fastened to the
angle bars a. This bed has upon it plummer blocks b', forming the supports for
the crank shaft. is the crank shaft, having a belt pulley eat one end, and a
fly wheel at the other. is the pneumatic cylinder through which the con-
nection between the crank shaft and the stamper is made. And e are the
connecting rods, connecting the cylinder with the crank shaft. g is the stamp rod
on and over which the cylinder is fitted and works. is the upper guide and
i the lower guide which support this rod, these guides being formed on the
girders or bridge beams and ', respectively, fixed upon the inside faces of the
back columns a. is the coffer of the stamper; is the head connected to the
piston rod g; m is the shoe fixed in the head ; and is the dié.
The improvements in and connected with the pneumatic cylinder stamp, head
rods, will now be described.
The pneumatic cylinder d is fitted over and moved up and down to the stamp
rod 9. It is provided with a packing ring f in each of the covers f', which make
the air-tight joints with the rod, above and below the piston g' thereof. These
packing rings may be of leather or other equivalent material, and they are held
in position by glands f, which make an air tight joint between the outer edge
or Hange of the ring, and the metal of the cover. A groove or space f³ is pro-
vided behind the outer surface of the rings in each of the cylinder covers f',
and they communicate, by suitable holes f, with the interior of the cylinder.
The air under pressure in the cylinder thus has access to the back of the packing
rings, and presses them up to the piston rod surface, and makes an air tight
joint. Thus a double air-tight joint, first with the metal of the cover of the
cylinders, and secondly with the surface of the rod is provided, The piston g¹
makes an air tight joint with the sides of the cylinder, by metal packing rings g²
fitted in grooves therein.
The cylinder has on its outside, trunnions d', which are grasped by the lower
ends of the connecting rods e; and just above and below the piston g-when in
its normal or central position in the centre of the cylinder-there are holes d²,
through the walls of the cylinder; and these holes keep the cylinder properly
charged with air. When the cylinder is moved up or down at the ends of the
strokes of the crank and connecting rods over the piston; it-the piston-covers
or closes one set of these holes; and when these are closed, the air within that
=

page_text: end of the cylinder is imprisoned and a pneumatic connection is formed between
the rigid and positively moved parts, viz., the crank shaft c, and connecting rods'e,
and the stamp rod or rods g, and stamp heads and shoes.
Thus this elastic cushion of imprisoned air serves to avoid excessive jar due to
the force of the blows delivered, and to the inertia of momentum of the parts at
the ends of the stroke of the stamper.
Referring now to the lower rod guide i. this consists of a plummer block and
cap, having within it a seat block j, say of cast iron, in which a bush o, con-
stituting the real guide, is fitted and rests. The seat block is held in position
by the cap in the plummer block; and it is tapered internally; whilst the bush o
is correspondingly tapered externally, being larger above and diminishing in
diameter downwards. The bush o consists of several parts or sections, four being
shewn in the drawings, and these sections are held together when in place by
studs o at different points, and between these joints of the sections are placed
a number of thin liners o², by means of which the adjustment of the guide or
bush up to the rod when worn, is effected. That is, by taking out one or more
of these liners, after having removed the bush o; and then placing the sections
back again in their seat or holding block j, contact and bearing between the rod g,
and the middle of the guide is made.
These guide bushes are kept down in position by a gland plate 2 bolted to the
plummer block; and this plate is divided along the centre as indicated, the two
pairs being suitably fastened together by readily detached plates p¹, fastened to
these two halves; so that they may be readily removed and replaced; while the
bushing or guide, being in segments as described, can also be readily removed
and replaced.
The adjustment of the pneumatic cylinder with the stamper head is obtained
by means of the employment of adjustable connecting rods e, connecting the
crank c of the crank shaft, with the trunnions of the pneumatic cylinder d.
These rods are in two parts, the ends of the abutting parts being threaded
with right and left hand threads respectively; and are joined up together by a long
and internally threaded sleeve or socket . By this means, by turning this socket or
sleeve e in one direction or the other, the height of the pneumatic cylinder of the
stamper heads is raised or lowered; and the required adjustment effected. When
the adjustment has been effected, the parts are locked in position by lock nuts et
at the top and bottom. The index plate eis let into the lower screw thread c
of each rod, having a plainly marked scale, or figures, upon it. By this means,
when adjusting the rods, the exact part to which the parts of each rod have been
moved, and an equal adjustment of them, is obtained.
The stampers herein described may be of the single rod type as shewn; or there
may be employed in each machine a plurality of stamp rods, and cylinders.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
:_
1. In a stamper of the type herein referred to, the arrangement of air cylinder.
stamp rods, and guides, wherein the said rod slides in, and is supported by the
guides, and the cylinder is supported and works on the rod and piston thereon;
substantially as set forth.
2. In a stamper of the type herein referred to, an air cylinder fitting over the
stamp rod, and a piston thereon, the said piston having spring packing rings,
and covers on each end of the said cylinder, with packings as described; sub-
stantially as set forth.
3. In a stamper of the type herein referred to, the guide for the stamp rod or
rods, having a bush or segments arranged and adapted to operate, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
4. A stamper of the type herein referred to, having a frame composed of
columns a, and sills as a¹, of rivetted wrought metal, and a cast metal bed
frame b; substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: 5. In and for a stamper of the type herein referred to, the parts constructed
and arranged particularly as shewn in and set forth with reference to the several
figures of the drawings.
Dated this 20th day of October 1809
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.