CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE WORKING OR GIVING MOTION TO MILL WORK AND MACHINERY, APPLICABLE TO THE RAISING OR DRAINING WATER FROM MINES, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1813

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
EVANS, of Brynrywen, in the Parish of Wrexham, in the County of Denbigb,
Farmer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the First day of May now last past, did give and grant unto me, the said
Samuel Evans, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Samuel Evans, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and
such others as I, the said Samuel Evans, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE WORKING OR GIVING MOTION TO MILL WORK AND MACHINERY,
APPLICABLE TO THE RAISING OR DRAINING WATER FROM MINES, AND OTHER USEFUL
PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging
me, the said Samuel Evans, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the said recited Letters Patent, reference being
thereto had, will more fully appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Evans, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, by the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and as follows, that is to say:-
Figure 1, A, B, is a lever placed between the two standards C, C, and turns
on its axes D; the length of the short arm A to be according to the stroke
required, and the length of the long arm B to be according to the resistance
found; on the arm A is an arched head E, at the top of which a chain or
chains are fixed, to which are fastened the weight F, and piston rod of the
cylinder, working barrel, or pump G, through which the water is raised from
mines or great depths into the reservoir H; I, I, is, a cylinder, working barrel,
or pump, through which the water is raised from the reservoir H into the
reservoir K; L is a beam attached by the rod M to the beam A, B, and works
the piston in the cylinder I, I; N is a small slide or floodgate placed in the
reservoir K, attached to the chain X, X, passing over a horizontal roler
vertically placed near N, and passing over the roler h to i, where it may be
fastened; its use is to prevent or to let the water out of the reservoir K into
the trough 0, 0, 0, through which it runs into the vessel P called the feeder,
which is placed between two small standards S, fixed above the two horizontal
rails Z, Z, and turns.on its axes C, and having the spur d fixed to its end; S is a
small chain fastened to the feeder. P near the cockspur, and passes over a hori-
zontal roler vertically placed near Q, and is attached to the slide K; its use is to
prevent the water running out of the trough 0, 0, 0, when the feeder
is discharging its water through the hopper T, T, (fixed between the rails Z, Z,)
into the receiver U placed between two horizontal rails at the extreme end of
the arm B of the beam A, B, and turns on its axis g; e is a spur fixed to the
end of the receiver; a is a small upright, fixed on the arm B of the beam A, B,
near the receiver U,. having a roler horizontally placed at the top; f is a roler
fixed on an upright near the receiving trough W, W, through which the water
runs into the reservoir H. The arm A is to be ballanced so as to bring the
arm B, with the receiver, when empty, up to the rails Z, Z, in sufficient force
for the striker a, by roling up under the spur d, to overturn the feeder P; when
it discharges its water through the hopper into the receiver U, the receiver U
immediately descends, and the spur e, by striking on the roler f, overturns
and discharges its load into the receiving trough W, W, through which it runs
into the reservoir H, and is raised up again through the pump I, I, into the
reservoir K; when the feeder P discharges its water it turns within the upper
part of the hopper T, T, and the lower part of the hopper T, T, is within the
receiver U. It is to be observed that when pit water is brought up into the

page_text: reservoir H through the pump G, the receiving through W, W, will not be
wanted; and in such situation, where a reservoir of water can be obtained
in a sufficient quantity, and sufficiently high to supply the feeder P, it will be
made use of; in that case the trough 0, 0, 0, the reservoir K, the beam "L,
and rod M, the cylinder or pump I, I, will not be wanted.
Figures 2 and 3 are different views of the same machine. Figure 2 is a
transparent view of four cylinders, each from twenty to thirty feet in length
(more or less); the center of each cylinder is placed in the center of the
axes, but they are not connected. At each end of each cylinder, on opposite
sides, a short working barrel is fixed, its diameter about four times the
diameter of the cylinder; in each working barrel a plunger (A, B, C, D,) is
placed; the plungers are connected by a rod I, I, which passes through the
cylinder nearly from one end to the other, and is jointed at each end to a
small handle, which turns on a pivot fixed at the extreme end of the
cylinder, between the cylinder and the working barrel; the other end of the
handle is joined to the center of the plunger by a pin which is fixed in
the plunger, which pin passes through a long mortice or hole in the end of the
handle. There is a groove from the center of the plunger to its edge, towards
the center of the cylinder, for the small handle to lie in, by which means the
plunger will lie close to the lid of the working barrel; one cylinder and one
working barrel is to be filled with water, the other working barrel has only
its plunger and handle, the rest being a vacuum. The air must be drawn
out of G, G, G, G, in the working barrels 2, 3, 5, 7, leaving a vacuum;
H, H, H, H, in the cylinders 1, 4, 6, 8, being full of water, becomes the
heaviest side of the wheel thus formed, and will descend as each cylinder
becomes perpendicular. The plunger in the upper barrel will act upon the
rod in the cylinder by means of its handle, and the plunger in the lower
working barrel will press upon the water and force it out of the lower working
barrel, up through the cylinder, into the upper working barrel. As each
cylinder with its working barrels becomes perpendicular in its turn by the
rotation of the axes, each will in succession remove its water from the bottom,
through the center of the axes, to the top.
Figure 3 shews the position of the axes, which is horizontally placed upon
its standards. Only one of the cylinders, with its barrels, is shewn in the
center of the axes.
Figure 4. N is an axes horizontally placed between the two standards M, M ;
0, 0, are pivots on which axes N turns; A, A, are two equal weights fixed on
the ends of the moveable rod B, B, placed in a hole .or mortice through the
:center of the axes N in a perpendicular direction, being suspended by the

page_text: working rods C, C, which are forked or double at the end L. The moveable
rod B, B, is placed between the forks, and is suspended by a pin which passes
through the holes in the working and moveable rod or rods B, B; F, F, are
two arms fixed to the axes N, one on each side, and projecting from the
axes N at right angles to B, B; G, G, are two short arms fixed to the arms F, F,
being forked or double at K, K; the working rods C, C, is placed between the
forks or doubles, and turns on a pin at K, which passes through the working
rods and the doubles at the extreme end of the arms F, F; at H, H, are
pivots fixed projecting from the side of the arms F, F, on which the leavers D, D,
turns; a pivot is fixed to the side of each of the leavers D, D, at I, I, which
passes through a long hole or mortice in the working rods C, C; the
leavers D, D, with their weights E, E, passes one over and
the axes N, to any distance within the supposed circle a, a. Any number of
moveable rods with their weights may be used; each rod must pass through
.the center of the axes N, and crossing each other at right angles in all
directions ; every moveable rod must have their working rods, standards, and
leavers; when the weight A 2 becomes vertical by the motion of the axes N
the leavers will then act upon the working rods and cause the moveable rods
to mount, and the weight A 2 will be then in the same position as the
.weight A 1 is now.
the other under
Figure 5. D, D, is an axes, horizontally placed between the standards F, F,
and turns on its pivots E, E; C, C, is a cylinder placed in the center of the
.axes D, D. At each end of the cylinder a lid is fixed, through which the
rod G, G, passes through a hole made for that purpose in the center of each
lid; on the center of the rod G, G, a thin hollow vessel B, made of iron,
copper, or any other metal convenient for the purpose, having the air drawn
out and called the vacuum ball, is fixed, the cylinder C, C, being filled with
water; when, by the rotation of the axes D, D, the cylinder C, C, becomes
perpendicular, the vacuum ball is raised in the water to the upper lid, forcing
the rod G, G, beyond its center; the collers of leather, &c. at H, H, on
the rod G, G, and at I, I, near the vacuum ball, are intended to press on the
two holes in the two lids, the coller at H on the outside of the lid, and the
coller at I inside on the opposite side to prevent the water running out. Any
number of cylinders may be placed in the same axes, crossing, near each other
at right angles to the axes.
Figure 6 is partly the same as Figure 1. To explain all its parts will only
be a repetition of what has been said of Figure 1. It has no short arm; the
beam being a.ballance, each arm of equal length, having its axis or fulcrum
in the centre. It has a receiver and striker at the end of each arm, together