An Improved Door-fastener.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 24th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 20th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
An Improved Door-fastener.
1 SIMON DANISCHEWSKY of 56 Boulevard de Strasbourg Paris Civil Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to door fasteners replacing the security door chains. My security
door fastener consists of a metal plate in which a longitude slit is made beginning at
a little distance from one extremity and ending at the other extremity suddenly made
larger so that any kind of a bolt with a head could be introduced in this enlarged part
of the slit; at the same end of the metal plate there is a hinge so that the plate could
be fixed to the door frame by screws or otherwise near opening of the door upon
which a headed bolt or a kind of hook is fixed just opposite the slitted plate so that
when this plate is opened and is leaning across the opening of the door this hook or
headed bolt penetrates in the enlarged part of the slit and consequently when the door
is opened this hook or bolt slides in the narrow part of the slit and the door cannot be
entirely opened unless it is closed at first so that the bolt or hook should slide into the
enlarged part of the slit in which part only of the head of the bolt can pass through
and the hinged plate removed or disconnected from the mentioned door hook or bolt.
On the same principle my security door fastener could be made of strong wire the
same being bent in such a manner as to form the shape of the narrow slit with its
enlargement as described before. This wire slide can also be hinged or fixed to the door
frame in any suitable manner so that the headed bolt could penetrate at first in the
enlarged part of the wire slide when the same is leaning against the closed door and
when the same is being opened the neck of the bolt or hook glides into the narrow
part of the slit and prevents materially the door from being pushed open more than
the length of the slit would allow.
501 1
D
1
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Door-fastener.
I SIMON DANISCHEWSKY of 2, Holmewood Road South Norwood in the County of
Surrey Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to fasten a door from inside and permitting the same
to be opened if desired only a small distance so as to prevent any one from outside to
force his way in, as well as to fasten the door entirely; this invention is to replace the
security chains.
One way of carrying out my invention is as follows:
1
I fix to the door frame a metal hinged plate or sliding bar, which comes to lay with
its longer part across the opening of the door, and the other part with the hinge is
fixed by screws or otherwise to the mentioned frame, in the longer part of the plate
which lays across the opening of the door there a slit lengthwise commencing close
to the extremity of this plate and ending close to the hinge. At this end the slit is
suddenly much larger so as to permit a headed bolt or a necked catch to be introduced
into the enlarged part of the slit. I fix upon the opening part of the door and in
correspondence with the slit a headed bolt or necked catch the head of which projects
through the enlarged part of the slit when the plate lays across the door; by opening
of the same the necked catch slides into the narrow part of the slit, then the door can
only be opened a certain distance according to the length of the slit so as to permit
877-

page_text: anyone from the inside of the house to see through the door opening who is outside of
it, but it is impossible for anyone from outside to force his way in. For to open the
door entirely the necked catch must at first be disconnected from the slit of the hinged
plate or sliding bar; there are two ways of doing so the first-the door must be
entirely closed so that the head of the necked catch should return again into the
enlarged part of the slit, then the hinged plate is risen by its free extremity and
turned on its hinge towards the door frame so the door with its necked catch become
disconnected the second way of doing is-the hinged plate contains a second enlarge-
ment in the slit opposite the first, close to the second enlargement there is a screw or
other obstacle which covers it partially or entirely so preventing the catch to pass
through this enlarged opening; when the screw or other obstacle is turned back the
head of the necked catch can pass through the second enlargement and so gets discon-
nected without closing the door at first.
For to fasten the door entirely I fix upon the foot of the mentioned necked catch a
triangular swivel which passes through the slit of the hinged plate when the same
lays across the door-this swivel has flanges on the bottom part of it-the two side
edges of the same are bevelled down each of them in opposite directions-one side of
them is heavier and keeps it crossways of the slit, so that when the slitted plate is
slightly pressed against the mentioned swivel the same turns and its flanges come to
stand in a straight line in the slit but when pressed against the door the flanges or
shoulders turn crossways by its own weight and so forms a most substantial obstacle
against opening the door-when required to open the same the swivel is turned and
the slitted plate released.
In an alternative arrangement I provide instead of the necked catch, a kind of a
claw catch fixed upon the door-between the two claws of the catch there is a space
of about half an inch from outside, between the two claws from inside there is a space
of one inch or more. Instead of the slitted plate I fix a metal hinged plate or cross-
bar to the door-frame in the same way as the slitted plate-this crossbar is close to
the hinge much narrower, so that when the same is pressed against the catch the claws
of the same receive the sliding bar which slides in with its larger part between the
two claws as soon as the door is opened-the sliding bar is shouldered at the opposite
extremity of the hinge so that it can be disconnected only when the door is entirely
closed by this arrangement the same result can be obtained.
And in order that my invention may be more thoroughly understood I append two
sheets of drawings throughout which the same letters designate like parts, or parts
which serve the same purpose.
Fig. 1 is a view of a closed door having the fastener attached and fastened.
Fig. 2 is a view of same with the hinged plate swung back out of operation.
Fig. 3 is a view of same showing the door open to a distance limited by the slit or
slot in the hinged plate.
Fig. 4 is an elevation to an enlarged scale of the hinged plate.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 6 is an elevation of the headed bolt or necked catch and triangular swivel.
Fig. 7 is a plan of same.
Fig. 8 is a separate view of the triangular swivel.
Fig. 9 is an elevation of a modified form.
Fig. 10 is an elevation of this modified hinged plate.
Fig. 11 is an elevation of a modified form of the headed bolt and triangular swivel;
Fig. 12 being an end view of same.
Fig. 13 is another modification,
Fig. 14 being a plan of this hinged plate.
Fig. 15 is a part elevation of same.
Fig. 16 are two detail views.
A designates the door of ordinary description and B the frame. C the rail to which
the apparatus is in general fixed. In Sheet 1, D is the metal hinged plate or sliding
bar, E the headed bolt or necked catch and F the triangular swivel.
The headed bolt E has its plane part e attached by screws or in other convenient

page_text: manner to the rail C of the door and has its outer end bent upwards and again out-
wards thus forming the parts e and e² of which the latter part e² is extended laterally
thus forming two projections e³ which serve a purpose hereinafter described.
At a convenient distance from the other end of this headed bolt is pivoted the
triangular swivel F in such manner as to enable it to be partially rotated in a plane
parallel to the door by means of the weighted handle f.
The plate or sliding bar D is hinged to the plate b which is screwed or otherwise
attached to the frame B or its equivalent. Its pivot is vertical and consequently the
plate or sliding bar D is free to swing out in a horizontal plane and it has a slit or
slot d running nearly its whole length and sufficiently wide at the end d¹ to enable
the end part 2 of the headed bolt E to pass (with its projections) e³ freely through it.
It will thus be seen that when the door is closed the plane part e fits into the slot d of
the hinged plate D and when in the position shewn in Fig. 1 is there retained by the
triangular swivel F assuming the position there shown by reason of the weight of its
handle f.
The apparatus as shown in Figs. 1 to 8 operates as follows:-
The door being closed and the hinged plate swung back to the position shown
in Fig. 2 the whole is inoperative and the door free to swing in the ordinary manner.
If now the hinged plate be swung round until it touches the door and encloses the
headed bolt E the triangular swivel will return automatically to the vertical position
and the door be securely locked.
We will suppose that it is now wished to open the door cautiously in such manner
that the person opening it can see and communicate with the visitor while safe from any
attempt of the latter to force an entrance. It is necessary only to partially rotate the
triangular swivel F upon its pivot f' till the handle assumes a horizontal position to
allow the door to open its outer edge (next the frame B) pushing outward the hinged
plate and sliding the part e¹ of the headed bolt E in the slot d until the part e¹ reaches
and is checked by the end d² of the slot when it is impossible for it to open further.
Should it now be considered advisable to admit the visitor it is necessary only to close
the door when the hinged bar can be swung freely back on its hinge by reason of the
parts and e³ passing freely through the enlarged part d' of the slot d. In swinging
the hinged plate D close it is not necessary to touch the handle as the head of the
triangular swivel F has its two sides f, f³, cam-shaped in such manner that the
pressure of the insides of the slot d upon them causes it to assume a horizontal position
momentarily, returning to the normal vertical position immediately this pressure is
removed by reason of the hinged plate D having passed the under edges f*
In Figs.
to 12 is shown a modification of my invention in which are
omitted the bent up parts (shewn and described in connection with Figs. 6 and 7)
and the double clip el is substituted to serve as a stop or check in limiting the extent
to which the door may be opened. The shape of the hinged plate is modified to meet
this substitution in that it has lugs or projections d² to act as a check against which
the double clip e¹ presses when the apparatus is being used for the same purpose as
an ordinary guard chain. The double clip e¹ is fixedly attached either to the end of
the headed bolt E or to the door in either case close to the swinging edge of the latter.
Near the hinge end of the hinged plate D are formed recesses or notches a¹ through
which the ends e³ of the double clips e' pass freely when the door is closed and they
coincide. The other parts of the apparatus are the same as described and shewn in
connection with Figs. 1 to 8.
The operation of this modification is the same as the first.
Figs. 13 to 16 show a modified form of the apparatus which, except in some
additional parts, is exactly the same as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 8. The
added parts serve to enable the extent of opening of the door to be varied at will and
also enables the door to be set free from the action of the hinged plate without the
necessity of first closing the door. This is effected by bending up the end of the
hinged plate D and causing a screw D¹ (adjustable by the fingers) to be tapped through
it, the point d' of which serves as the stop or check against which the. headed bolt
presses when the door is opened to the limited extent thought advisable. Near the

page_text: turned up end of the hinged plate is formed two notches d' of sufficient breadth and
depth to enable the turned up end e¹, e², and e³ to pass freely through them when they
coincide, which coincidence is impossible when the screw projects over it to an extent
not less than that shown in Figs. 13 and 14 but if the screw D¹ be retracted until the
point d² uncovers the line of the notches d' the parts e³ can pass freely through (as
shown in Fig. 15) thus enabling the door to be freely opened without having been
previously closed as is necessary with the forms hereinbefore described and shown.
In connection with each of the foregoing forms of my apparatus I have described
each part as of a particular form or configuration but I wish it to be distinctly under-
stood that I do not limit myself to these particular forms but use any suitable apparatus
always retaining the distinctive features of my invention which consist of a plate
hinged to the door frame, a headed bolt attached or fixed to the door and a triangular
or other suitable shaped swivel pivoted on the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
1. A slitted or slotted hinged plate with a headed bolt or necked catch, acting as a
door fastener with or without the swivel which locks the door, substantially as described
and shewn.
2. The combination of a hinged plate with a sliding double clip suitably shaped for
the purpose of sliding on the hinged plate, substantially as described and shewn with
reference to Figs. 9 to 12.
3. A door fastener consisting of slotted plate or bar hinged to the door frame, a
necked catch rigidly attached to the door of such form as to freely enter the slot in
the hinged plate and with a triangular or other suitable shaped swivel pivoted upon
said necked catch, substantially as described and shown with reference to Figs. 1 to 8.
4. A door fastener consisting of a hinged bar or plate, a necked catch or a double
clip and a triangular or other suitably shaped swivel, substantially as described and
shewn.
5. A door fastener which forms a bolt whereby the door can be securely fastened
when in a closed position and which may be used alternatively as a substitute for the
ordinary security or guard chain, in the manner and for the purpose described and
shown.
6. The triangular swivel or rotating latch pivoted upon the door, or upon the catch,
and over which the hinged plate passes when the swivel is rotated to a position in
which the handle is in a line with said slot and which by reason of its cam shaped
surfaces automatically assumes this position when the hinged plate is closed upon it but
which returns to a position at an angle to such slot and thereby holds the hinged plate
safely closed, in the manner and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
7. The combination of the screw D¹ having a stop or check end d² and notches d
with the hinged plate and headed bolt as before described.
Dated this 24th day of Sentember 1890.
SIMON DANISCHEWSKY.