IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING YARNS AND THREAD OF FLAX AND HEMP IN SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ferdinand Kaselowsky, of Bielefeld, in the Kingdom
of Prussia, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING YARNS AND
THREAD OF FLAX AND HEMP IN SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINES."
Sealed the 29th August 1856, and dated the 1st March 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ferdinand Kaselowsky
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st March 1856.
I, FERDINAND KASELOWSKY, of Bielefeld, in the Kingdom of Prussia, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING
YARNS AND THREAD OF FLAX AND HEMP IN SPINNING AND TWISTING MACHINES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in winding yarns and thread
of flax and hemp in spinning and twisting machines. For these purposes, in
order to wind on a much larger quantity of yarn or thread on a bobbin when
using any given size of flyer, the bobbin is made with a flanch at one end only,
and it is preferred that the bobbin should be of sheet metal, suitable for
being received on to the wood bobbin (formed suitably to receive it) placed on
the spindle of the machine. The winding apparatus is arranged to commence
its winding at the lower or flanch end of the bobbin, and to wind the yarn or

page_text: thread regularly up to the top of the bobbin, and then to move quickly again
to the lower end of the bobbin, making a long spiral in so doing, and then
again the winding is regular up to the top of the bobbin, by which means the
winding, when finished, will be of a cylindrical form from the flanch upward
to some extent, and of a conical form towards the upper end; when the yarn or
thread is not for the shuttle, the winding may be regularly up and down, still,
however, producing the upper conical end.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ferdinand Kaselowsky in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th August 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FERDINAND
KASELOWSKY, of Bielefeld, in the Kingdom of Prussia, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign, did,
for Ilerself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Ferdinand Kaselowsky, Her special licence that I, the said Ferdinand Kase-
lowsky, my executors, administrators, and assigns; or such others as I; the
said Ferdinand Kaselowsky, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WINDING YARNS AND THREAD OF FLAX AND HEMP IN SPINNING AND
TWISTING MACHINES,upon. the condition (amongst others) that I,, the said
Ferdinand Kaselowsky, my executors, or administrators, by an instrument, in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands, and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and, in what manner
the same was to be. performed, and cause the same to, be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office. within six calendar months next and immediately, after the
date of the said Letters Patent.p
NOW KNOW YE, that. I, the said Ferdinand Kaselowsky, do hereby declare
the nature of the said. Invention, and in what, manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement thereof that is to say
!
This Invention has for it's: object inprovements in winding yarns and thread

page_text: of flax and hemp in spinning and twisting machines. For these purposes; in
order to wind.on,a much larger. quantity of yarn or thread on a bobbin when
using any given size of flyer, the bobbin is made, with a flanch at one end only;
and it is preferred that the bobbin, should. be of: sheet metal, suitablė. for
being received on to the wood bobbin, (formed, suitably. to receive it) placed on
the spindle of the machine...The winding apparatus is arranged to commencé
its winding at the lower. or.flanch end of the bobbin, and to wind the yarn or
thread regularly up to the top. of the bobbin, and then to move quickly again
to the lower end of the bobbin, making a long spiral in so doing, and then
again the winding is regular.up to the top of the bobbin, by which means the
winding, when finished, will be of a cylindrical form from the flanch'upward to
some extent, and: of: a conical form .towards the upper end; when the yarn or
thread is not for the shuttle; the winding may be regularly up and down, still,
however, producing the upper conical end.
!!
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed more fully itó
describe the manner of performing the same:
This Invention consists, firstly, in applying to..the spinning frame for flax,
hemp, or tow, a traverse motion, by which the yarn is wound upon the bobbins
in such a manner as to require only one disc or end to support it, instead of
being wound on a bobbin between two dises. . The advantages gained by this
arrangement are twofold;first, it admits of. the use of bobbins of larger capa-
city than the ordinary ones, without causing, any rubbing between the bobbin
and the thread as it passes from the thread plate to the eye of the flyer; 'and
secondly, sucli bobbins can be emptied by pulling; the thread over the conical
end of the bobbin, by which means the operation of reeling: or winding-off is
simplified, and such, bobbins are fit to be used for the shuttle of the weaver's
loom.
The annexed Drawing shews, in Figure 1 an end view and part of a section
of the respective parts of the spinning, or twisting frame;
horizontal section of the same; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section.
Figures the same letters indicate the like parts:
*** 3
Fig. 2 is a
In all these
a, a, are the bobbin rails; which support the bobbins and receive their motion
through the rods band the traverse shaft 'c and c', in the ordinary way. The
traverse shafts c and c are connected with the traverse bar d by pulleys e, e,
and chains as shewn in Figure 1, by which connection both bobbin rails' are
caused to rise and fall at the same time, .On. the shaft c' there is a balance
weight a suspended, whichibalances the bobbin rails and keeps both the chains f
and fin tension. The traverse bar d-carries in a slot the screw lou which a' nuit
iis, fitted which has a projecting stud'h with a washer that takes into groove k

page_text: of the lever g. By means of this combination, the reciprocating (or oscilating)
motion of the lever g is transmitted to the traverse bar d, and also to the
bobbin rails. The lever g receives its oscilating motion by mangle wheel
geering, as shewn in Figure 1, or by a cam, as shewn in Figure 4, or in any
other of the usual ways. At the upper end of the screw la ratchet wheel m
is fixed, which is turned by the catch n every time the wheel m comes close
up to it. It will be readily understood that by so turning the wheel m, the
screw lowers the nut i, together with the stud h, and brings them nearer to
the axle of the lever g, by which means the traverse motion of the bar d, and
consequently the traverse of the bobbins is reduced. In order to obtain
bobbins which require only one disc, and which are conical at the top, all the
reduction of the traverse has to be made on the upper side of the bobbins only;
and in order to obtain this object, the slot in the bar is to be made parallel
with the groove k in the lever g, in the position shewn by the red lines in
Figure 1, in which position the bobbins are raised to the highest point. The
small screw o in Figure 1 serves to raise or lower the catch n, for the purpose
of regulating the amount of motion to be given to the screw 2, by which means
the taper of the cone of the bobbins can be regulated. When the bobbins aro
filled, the screw 1 is to be turned for to bring the nut i back again to its
original position near the top of the slot in the lever d.
Figure 4 shews the cam y, used for. the purpose, of obtaining bobbins on
which the layers of yarn are wound in close spirals from bottom to top, and in
very open spirals from the top to the bottom of the bobbin. Such bobbins
allow the yarn or thread to be drawn off over the cone end very freely, and are
particularly adapted for the weaver's shuttle. The lever g is, for this purpose,
provided with a friction roller g', which is pressed against the cam y, from
which the lever receives its irregular reciprocating motion, and which is trans-
ferred from the lever to the traverse bar and bobbin rails, in the manner
described and shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
This Invention consists, secondly, in the application of a metal shell over the
wooden bobbin upon which the yarn is to be wouid, as shewn in Figure 5.
p is the upper part of the spindle with its flyer ; q is a wooden bobbin, pro-
vided with one disc at the bottom, in which the groover for the reception of
the drag band is turned; and s is the loose metal shell on which the yarn is to
be wound. In dofling (the frame), the metal shell is taken off with the yarn,
the wooden bobbin remains on the spindle. It is obvious, that by using metal
shells instead of the ordinary bobbins, the drying of the yarn on the bobbins
is made much less expensive, and a great saving of bobbins is produced.
Having now described the nature of my Invention of improvements in

page_text: winding yarns and thread of flax and hemp in spinning and twisting machines,
I would state that I make no claim to any of the mechanical parts separately;
but I claim,
First, the application to spinning and twisting machines for flax and hemp
of a traverse motion, by which the bobbins are wound conical at the top and
cylindrical at the lower end, as above described.
And, secondly, I claim the use of a loose metal shell, with one disc or end
at the bottom, upon which the yarn is to be wound.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ferdinand Kaselowsky, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
HENRY GASSER.
of Bielefeld.
FERDINAND KASELOWSKY. (L.S.)