Improvements in Pumps.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1890-Accepted, 30th Aug., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps.
I, JOHN SUTTON of Bay View, in the Town of Islip, in the County of Suffolk,
and State of New York, United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that class of pumps in which two pistons work in unison
toward and from each other within a working cylinder common to both, each piston
having its own piston-rod, and one of the two piston rods working through the
other, and the two being worked by cranks arranged directly opposite each other
on a rotary shaft.
In such pumps as heretofore constructed, the space in the upper part of the working
cylinder above the upper piston, when it is in any position, or at the top or bottom
of its stroke, is always open to the air chamber or to the atmosphere. This space
fills and empties itself during every stroke of the piston back and forth, but without
any pumping effect, the upper side of the piston merely lifting, lowering, and churning
the water that has been pumped & forced by the pistons jointly from beneath, up to
and into the air chamber from the bottom side of the top piston, and from the top
and bottom sides of the bottom piston through the delivery valves & passages.
The object of this improvement is to render the space within the cylinder above
the upper piston fully available for pumping.
I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to the drawings, and
afterwards point out its novelty in the claim.
Fig. 1 is a centrally-vertical section of a pump embodying my improvement.
Fig. 2 represents a vertical section at right angles to Fig. 1 of the upper part of
the working cylinder, and of the air chamber. Fig. 3 is a detail view, also at right
angles to Fig. 1, shewing portions of the piston rods and their connections. Fig. 4
is a horizontal section, taken on the line - Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view,
partly broken away, and partly in section, showing the valves at the upper end of
the working cylinder, the section being taken on the same line as Fig. 1.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
A designates the working cylinder of the pump; B the air chamber; C, D the
pistons fitted to the cylinder A; E, the piston rod of the upper piston, and F the
piston rod of the lower piston. The lower part of the piston rod E is hollow, to.
permit the passage through it of the rod F, and a stuffing box E¹ is provided in
the piston C, that the rod E may work water-tight through it. The upper part of
the piston rod E,,above where it is hollow, is offset, as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, to one
side of the piston rod F. These pistons are solid or valveless.
J
K designates a crank shaft passing through water tight bearings (not shewn)
provided in the sides of the air chamber, and furnished with two cranks M M', settin
exactly opposition directions from the shaft, one crank pin M being fitted to a journal N*,
fitted to slide horizontally in a yoke N, which is connected with the rod F of the lower
piston. The crank, pin. M' is fitted to a journal-box N¹*, which is fitted to slide
horizontally in a yoke N' on the upper end of the piston rod E. Upright guides L
are provided in the air chamber B for the yokes N N. At the bottom of the
cylinder A, is the seat for a foot valve G, and below the said seat is the chamber S,
with which the suction pipe is to be connected at S*. Above the seat of the valve G
in one side of the cylinder A, there is a lateral opening G', communicating with an
external passage G³, extending all the way up one side of the cylinder, and having.,
at its upper end an opening at G to the air chamber, above the top of the working"
cylinder A.

page_text: On the opposite side of the cylinder and the passage G2 are upright passages I¹ J¹,
between which is a valve-box J2. The bottom of the passage I communicates with
the suction chamber S, and at its upper end there is a seat for an upwardly opening
valve I, through which it communicates with the bottom of the valve box J. At the
top of the valve box J, there is an upwardly-opening valve J, through which com-
munication is made between the said box and the upper passage J. The upper
passage J is open to the lower part of the air chamber, and has an outward opening Q,
which constitutes the discharge outlet of the pump. The valve box J' is open at a to
the cylinder A, about midway of the height thereof, so that the space between the
pistons is always in communication with the valve box through the said opening.
The pump, as I have thus far described it, is in common use. I will now describe
the parts which constitute my improvement. At the top of the cylinder A, there is
firmly secured a cap-plate or cover A¹.. Upon the lower side of the plate A¹, is a
stuffing box g, through which the hollow lower part of the piston rod E works. I
provide the plate A, upon its upper side, with a valve or valves (I have shewn two
such valves) L. The valves, as shewn, are ordinary flap or butterfly valves; but other
kinds of valves may be used. These valves are adapted to close apertures in the
cap-plate A¹, which afford communication between the cylinder and the air chamber.
As shewn, they are hinged upon a plate L', which plate is secured by, screws or
otherwise to the cap plate A¹.
The cap plate A rests on a seats provided for it around the top of the cylinder A,
and is held down on said seat by means of long screw bolts, which are screwed
into lugs ss, projecting inwards from the shell of the air chamber, and which bear
upon said plate, as shewn in Fig. 2. The screw threaded upper portion of these
bolts are larger than the bodies of the bolts, so that the latter may pass freely
through the tapped holes in the flanges s', into which the bolts are screwed. The said
bolts are received in vertical recesses provided for them within the sides of the air
chamber, and the cap-plate is provided with lugs 4, which enter these recesses, and
prevent the lateral movement of the said plate. The bolts bear upon these lugs to
hold down the cap-plate.
Although I have shewn but one passage G2 for the upward flow of liquid, I may
use two or more such passages, as desired. The piston C, in its down stroke, draws
liquid upwardly through an opening G³, near the upper end of the cylinder, into the
space at the upper part of the cylinder, the valve G being open. During the upstroke
of said piston, the valve G is closed, and the liquid in the upper part of the cylinder is
forced outwardly, past the valves L*, into the air-chamber, and thence outwardly
through the passage Q. Of course, when the piston C is making its down stroke, the
valves L are closed. The upper piston C, during its downstroke, forces outwardly,
past. the valve J, the liquid which, during its upward stroke, it has drawn into the
space between it and the piston D. The piston D, during its down stroke, forces
outwardly the liquid which it has drawn into the lower part of the cylinder through
the passage G2, and past the valve H into the air chamber B. During this stroke,
also, it has drawn liquid through the passage 1', past the valve I, and into the space
between it and the piston C. During its upstroke, the piston C forces out said liquid
past the valve J, and into the passage J. All the liquid passes out through the
outlet Q.
It will be seen that the upper piston C is double-acting as well as the lower piston,
and that liquid is forced by the upper piston out of the cylinder into the air chamber
through an outlet different from the inlet through which the liquid is introduced,
and also different from the outlet through which the liquid is forced by the lower
piston into the air chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
In a pump, the combination with a cylinder of
can plate 11000 the

page_text: end of said cylinder; an air chamber the walls of which are provided with vertical
recesses, lugs upon said plate entering said recesses, holding down screw-bolts
arranged within said recesses and bearing upon said lugs at their lower ends, the
upper ends of said screw bolts being secured in a portion of the shell of the pump,
substantially as specified.
Doted this 20th d. of T... 1800
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.