IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF MANUFACTURING BARRELS FOR FIRE-ARKS
Year: 1806

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN JONES the younger, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Tool Maker and Die Sinker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third
did, by His Tetters Patent under the Great Seal of His United Kingdom,
bearing date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of February, in the
forty-six year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said John Jones,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, His special license, that I,
the said John Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, during
the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Ber-
wick upon Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF
MANUFACTURING BARRELS FOR FIRE-ARKS;" in which said Letters Patent
there is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said John Jones, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to cause a particular
description of the nature of muy said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within One calendar month after the date of the said recited

page_text: Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had)
--may more fully and at large appear..
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said John Jones, do hereby declare that the following is a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and method whereby the
same is to be performed :-
It is necessary to be observed, that the barrels commonly called
twisted barrels are commonly formed by winding a small square or
_flatted_bar_of_iron spirally round a inandril_while_the_said bar is in a
red hot state, and then withdrawing the mandril and heating the bar to
a welding heat, it is jumped or knocked together in the direction of the
length of the mandril, which causes the spires or twists of the bar, or
skelp as it is commonly called, to cohere together and to form a twisted
barrel or tube; other welding heats are then given to it and it is forged:
upon a mandril to the proper form and thickness. This method is de-
fective, inasmuch as the joints.of.one part of-the-skelp .to the other are
necessarily in right angles to the mandril, and have not proper hold on
one another, so far.as- the metliod generally practised in common? usc.
My newly invented method.consists in forming the bar or skelp so as to
be gradually made thinner from one end to the other; and also in
bevelling-or-thinning it-at-cach-edge, so that when coiled or twisted-
upon the mandril, the edges considerably overlap each other, and then
withdrawing the mandril and taking a welding heat
the skelp;
another mandril is inserted, and the skelp forged upon it at one or
more heats, as may be convenient; but for the process of welding and
forging I claim no exclusive privilege, but merely for the mode of pro-
ducing the form of the skelp and-the method. of twisting or coiling the
skelp or bar. The Drawing, marked bar No.1, represents a bar of iron
or steel of any required breadth, or length, which bar is passed, when
hot, between the rollers A and B of the machine, represented in machine
Figure 1. The rollers having grooves turned upon them to cause the
box No 1, to be bevelled on each contrary side, as is represented in
the Drawing of the bar N° 2, and section of the same N° 3, The
bar No 2 being again passed between the rollers A and B, for the
purpose of making it taper in thickness from C to D; and in some.
:
upon
"

page_text: cases it may be necessary to heat the bar more than once, and to pass
it between the rollers A, and B, more than twice. A method of in-
creasing and decreasing the pressure of the rollers is shewn by the
machinery E, F, &. at the top of the machine Fig. 1. But any other
mechanical means may be adopted for this purpose at the discretion of
the mechanick who may prefer them. The skelp or bar being now
bevell'd and taperced, is put into an air furnace as at Fig. 2, of which
Qis the draught plate, and R the fire; at the mouth of this air furnace
is fixed a small pair of rollers as in Figure 3. When the skelp is hot
enough, the end nearest the mouth of the furnace is brought between
the small rollers at S, whose forms are represented in the small Drawing
No 4, one roller being a little concave, and the other convex, as being
adapted to guide the bar or skelp to the twisting mandril U; this twist-
ing mandril U, is conducted and moved and impelled forward or drawn
backward by the action of the machine represented in the Figure 4.
This machine is for the purpose of twisting or winding the hot bar or
skelp round the mandril U, and is performed as follows:-The pinion
wheel W, is moved by the power of steam, water, horse or horses, man
or men, or any other sufficient power, and gives action to the main
wheel X, whose shaft y, has a square perforation sufficiently large to
admit the square of the directing screw Fig. 5, to pass through, the
worm of which is cut of a necessary size consistant with the width of
the skelp or bar; the directing screw is supported and moves in a
coupling box, as at a, a, which causes it to recede or advance which
ever way the wheel X turns. The twisting mandril U, is attached to
the directing screw b, b, at C, and for one revolution of the screw, there
is of course one of the mandril U, consequently when that part of the
mandril U, as at a, a, is opposite the rollers S, it is in its convenient
situation to receive one end of the bevil bar or skelp V, which, being
held by a fork or catch e, is compel'd, while the machine Figure 4, is
in action, to wrap, coil, or twist round the said mandril U, to any given
length according to the purpose required. The lever f,f,f, may be
occasionally used to press the roller S, tighter upon the skelp or bar V,
in order that it may wind more regularly round the mandril U.
Before the spiral skeleton N° 6, is taken off the mandril U, it should

page_text: be hammered in order to loosen it from the mandril and close its joints;
it should then be welded. The section No. 7, with the mandril repre-
sented within it, shews the manner in which one bevil edge overlaps
the other. I do hereby further declare that such barrels may be made
in any metal or composition of metals that may be found sufficiently
strong and proper for the purpose.
In witness whercof, I, the said John Jones, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and six.
J. S. HARVEY.
JOHN JONES, JUN". (L.S.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twentieth day of
March, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Jones came
before our Lord the King, in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in
form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped 1
according to the tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Iurolled the same Twentieth day of March, in the year above
written.