Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1895
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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, ALEXANDER BLACK, of 62 Bothwell Circus, in the City of Glasgow, Tyre
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the lining which prevents the rubber of the detachable
covers of pneumatic tyres from expanding when the air-tube is inflated.
The object of this invention is to construct a detachable cover with the lining.
free from joints or thickened parts beyond the edge of the rim. In carrying out
this invention I preferably use warp threads held together by rubber solution or
other paste to form a cloth, or I sometimes insert a few weft threads in combination
with the solution to hold the warp threads together. In making a cover with the
threads running at an angle of 45° to the edge, and at right angles to one another,
1 proceed as follows:-I cut or tear a strip of the cloth the same width as the
cover is required, and wind it round a flat mandrel, keeping the threads at an
angle of 45° to the edge and therefore the one layer at right angles to the other.
Instead of using the above mentioned mandrel I may place the wires for holding
the cover to the rim parallel to one another and wind the strip of cloth round them
as with the mandrel. The strip is cut long enough to make one tyre. In another
modification I cut two strips of ordinary cloth about the same length as the wires
and about one inch wider than the cover is required. I join the ends of each
piece to form rings. I then place the wires inside one of the rings and fold about
half an inch of each edge over the wire. I then place the other ring of cloth
inside this and fold about half an inch of the edge over the wire on the outside.
In making up the cover in this manner each edge of the cloth will lap the other
about one inch and the wire will lie where the cloth is double. In using cloth
made up of warp threads only in this modification, it will be necessary, when the
threads are wanted to cross at about right angles, to cut the cloth on the bias or
at an angle of about 45° to the edge. I may use the fibre described in my Patent
No. 15947/94 for both modifications.
Dated this 2nd day of December 1805
I, ALEXANDER BLACK, of 62 Bothwell Circus, in the City of Glasgow, Tyre
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the lining which prevents the rubber of the detachable
covers of pneumatic tyres from expanding when the air-tube is inflated.
The object of this invention is to construct a detachable cover with the lining free
from joints, or thickened parts, beyond the edge of the rim.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 being an
elevation and a cross section respectively of one modification and Figs. 3 and 4 like
views of another modification.

page_text: In carrying out this invention, I preferably use warp threads held together by
rubber solution or other paste, to form a cloth, or I sometimes insert a few weft
threads in combination with the solution to hold the warp threads together.
In making a cover with the threads running at an angle of 45° to the edge, and
at right angles to one another, I proceed as follows, with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 :-
I cut or tear a strip A of cloth of such width that when wound at an angle of 45° will
provide the desired width of cover, and wind it round a flat mandrel, keeping the
threads at an angle of 45° to the edge and therefore the threads of the one layer at
right angles to the threads of the other. The layers of cloth are afterwards pressed
together so that they adhere, loops a being left at the outer edges of the lining for
the reception of the wires.
Instead of using the above mentioned mandrel, I may place the wires for holding'
the cover to the rim parallel to one another, and wind the strip A of cloth round them,
in the same manner as when using the mandrel. The strip A for the lining is cut
long enough to make one tyre.
In another modification and as illustrated at Figs. 3 and 4, I cut two strips A, A',
of ordinary cloth about the same length as the wires, and about one inch wider than
the required size of cover, and join the ends of each strip A, A', to form rings.
I then place the wires B inside one of these rings A and fold about half an inch of
each edge of the strip over each wire. I then place the other ring A' of cloth inside
the first ring A and fold about half an inch of the edge of the ring A' over the wire
on to the outside circumference of the ring A, so that each edge of the cloth will
lap the other about one inch in a cover so made, and the wires will lie in the loops a
where the cloth is double.
In using cloth made up of warp threads only, it will be necessary, when forming
a lining in accordance with this latter modification, as the threads are wanted to
cross at about right angles, to cut the cloth on the bias, or at an angle of about 45°
to the edge, i.e. to the direction of the warp threads.
I may also use the fibre described in the specification of my Patent No. 15947
of 1894 in manufacturing a lining in accordance with either of the modifications of
the invention above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I.claim is
A detachable cover for pneumatic tyres having the lining constructed as described
with looped edges and so as to be free from joints or thickened parts beyond the edge
of the wheel rim to which the tyre is applied.
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WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agent,
62 Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.