Improvements in Apparatus for Filling Casks and Barrels with Liquids.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Filling Casks and Barrels with
Liquids.
I, EDGAR FRIEDMAN of Dobbs Ferry, Westchester County and State of New
York, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the saune is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
Specification:-
My invention relates to apparatus for use in charging into, or discharging from,
barrels or other packages, fermented, carbonated, aerated, saponaceous or any
effervescent liquid with the object of producing an even flow and preventing
frothing, foaming or a disturbed condition of the liquid.
I have found that by releasing the pressure upon the liquid within the filling or
discharging pipe immediately before the liquid flows into the receptacle into
which it is being charged, and preventing the escape into the package of the
unassimilated or free gases from the beer, the foaming and frothing is greatly
lessened. To release the pressure, I gradually increase the size of the discharge
pipe of the apparatus at the discharge end, and to prevent the escape of the
unassimilated gases I cover the discharge openings with a fine wire gauze.
I find also that by placing a small ball immediately at the outlet of said pipe in
the direct path of the current of liquid, and rounding the inner surfaces of the
discharge opening over which the liquid passes, the frothing and foaming of the
latter is almost entirely prevented.
In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will first describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings and afterwards point out
the novelty with more particularity in the annexed claims.
In said drawings,
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved apparatus, showing it in position
in a barrel.
Figure II is an elevation of the same, partly in section, looking at the left side
of Figure 1.
Figure I is an enlarged detail sectional view of the discharge end of the
discharge pipe.
Figure IV is an enlarged detail view of the three-way valve.
Figures V and VI are respectively a side elevation and section of the discharge
end of the pipe having the wire gauze covering the outlet.
My improvements are applicable to any place in which a liquid liable to foam, is
to be charged into, or discharged from, a receptacle.
In said drawings, 1 is a flexible buse adapted to be connected with a vat from
which the liquid is to be drawn, and having its end coupled at 1° to the end of a
bent pipe or goose neck 2, which is screwed into the upper end of the valve
casing 3. Valve casing 3 has screwed into its other end the discharge pipe 4
which slides freely through a head 5 and is provided with a lower expanding end
having side discharge openings.
The head 5 carries a packing 5° near its upper end which closely surrounds the
pipe 4 and is confined by a threaded follower 5. The lower end 5 of the head 5
is reduced and screw threaded to receive the tapered rubber bushing or bung 5ª,
which latter is adapted to fit snugly in the bung hole of a barrel or other package
to be filled. The head 5 also has handles 6 projecting from its opposite sides by
means of which it can be easily lifted from the barrel by hand. A counterweight 7
attached to the end of a cord 8 which runs over pulleys 9 and is attached to the

page_text: goose neck 2 by a hook 82, serves to balance the weight of the apparatus to
facilitate inserting it and removing it from the barrel.
10 is a three-way valve plug seated in the casing 3 and having a liquid passage
directly through it and an air passage extending from one side into the liquid
passage. The passage directly through the barrel plug allows the liquid to flow freely
through the pipe when in the position indicated in the drawing but when turned
at right angles the fluid passage will be closed and the portion of the discharge
pipe 4 helow the valve casing will be placed into communication with the air
inlet 11. The air inlet is closed when the liquid is flowing into the package.
12 is an annular chamber or hollowed-out portion in the lower end of the head 5
which surrounds the discharge pipe 4, and 13 is a vent leading from said annular
chamber up into a sight tube or gauge glass 15 which is supported directly in front
of the head 5 by means of the tube 13 at its lower end and the projection 14 at
its upper end. 25 is a three-way coupling pipe coupled to the upper end of the
tube 26 leading from the gauge 15 and having a flexible air tube 27 coupled to its
upper end. 28 is a branch of the coupling pipe 25 connected by flexible tube 29
to the air inlet 11.
The liquid passage is somewhat enlarged downwardly, that is to say, the pipes 2
and 4 with the passage through the valve casing 3 are slightly larger in diameter
than the hose 1, and at the bottom the discharge pipe 4 is still further expanded
into a Haring discharging end 16, which is preferably separately formed and
applied to the end of the discharge tube by a suitable screw thread 16. The
structure of the lower flared end of the discharge tube is clearly shown in
Figures I and III of the drawings. It is formed with side openings 17, the
rounded bottom portion 17%, and is provided with a hollow ball 18 which is
centrally confined upon the headed pin 20. The ball 18 is allowed to rise slightly
upon the stem 20 under the action of the discharging fluid. I prefer to form the
side openings 17 of oval shape extending cross-wise of the tube, and I form the
dges of the opening tapered or rounded in order that the discharging liquid
will only come in contact with the rounded surfaces and have its passage
facilitated.
To further insure against the frothing or foaming of the aerated liquid passing
through my apparatus, I prefer to cover the side openings 17 with a wire gauze 30,
which may be screwed in place by any suitable means, such for example as shown in
Figures V and VI of the drawings. I have experimented with this wire gauze over
the outlet openings of the discharge pipe and find that it is a great addition to the
apparatus as it appears to confine the free or unassimilated gases within the
discharge pipe and prevents the foaming and frothing of the liquid.
The liquid entering the apparatus will have its pressure released on entering
the pipe 2 and the pressure will be still further taken off as the liquid enters the
flaring part 16 of the pipe and when it impinges against the ball 18, it will flow
smoothly around the same and out through the passage 17 without frothing or
foaming.
As the package fills with liquid, there will be considerable back pressure within
the package as the hung hole is tightly closed by the head 5 and the vent 13 is of
small diameter compared with the supply pipe 4 and the liquid is charged into the
package under pressure. When the package is full, a small quantity of beer passes
up through the chamber 12 and vent 13 and appears in the gauge glass 15. The
valve 10 is now turned down stopping the further flow of liquid and opening the
air inlet 11 so that when the workman raises the apparatus by means of the handles 6,
the air will be allowed to flow in through pipes 27, 25, 28 and 29 to vent 11 and
down through the pipe 4 clearing the same of liquid which enters the package in
sufficient quantity to fill the space which was occupied by the apparatus. Air also
passes from pipe 25 down through gauge 15 and empties it of liquid.
As the pipe 4 slides freely through the head 5, it may be slid down after the
head is in position on the package until it rests upon the bottom of the same. The
apparatus is thus applicable to packages of any size

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an apparatus for charging liquid into, or discharging it from, a barrel or
other package, the combination of the expanded discharge pipe 4 increasing in
diameter toward its discharge end, the three-way valve 10 and valve casing 3, the
latter having air inlet 11, the liquid supply pipes 2 and 1, and the bung fitting
head 5 wherein the pipe 4 freely slides and having the vent 12, 13, substantially as
set forth.
2. In an apparatus for charging liquid into, or discharging it from, a barrel or
other package, the combination of the discharge pipe increasing in diameter
toward its discharge end and formed with discharge openings in its side, and the
ball placed within the discharge end thereof, substantially as set forth.
3. In an apparatus for charging liquid into, or discharging it from, a barrel or
other package, the combination of the expanded discharge pipe 4 having outlets 17,
the ball 18 and headed stem 20, all arranged and adapted to operate, substantially
as set forth.
4. In an apparatus for charging liquid into or discharging it from a barrel or
other package, the combination of the discharge pipe having expanded discharge
end, a ball confined within the discharge end, side openings in said discharge end,
and wire net or gauze covering the openings, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
Dated this 27th day of January 1896.
JOHNSONS,
115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.