Improvements in Brakes for Cycles.
Year: 1899

page_text: I, PHILIP JOSEPH PARMITER, of Station Works, Tisbury, in the County of
Wilts, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows.-
My invention has for its object to provide a bicycle, having what is commonly
known as a "free wheel" with a brake which acts upon the rear driving wheel
of the machine and which is applied by back pedalling, that is to say, by the
movement of the cranks in the reverse direction to that in which they rotate when
driving
According to my invention I provide a lever carrying at one end the braking
device which is adapted to be applied to the surface of the wheel and pivoted
upon the frame of the machine in such a manner that the other end (hereinafter
for convenience of description referred to as the free end) can be acted upon by
one of the cranks when the latter are rotated in the backward direction The
said free end of the lever carries a catch or dog which, when the cranks are rotating
in the ordinary manner to drive the machine, is pushed inwardly so that no
movement 18 imparted to the brake lever but which, when the clanks are rotated
backwards to the required extent, forms a projection against which one of the
cranks will press so as to cause the movement of the lever and the consequent
pressing of the shoe or the like canned thereby into contact with the wheel to be
braked.
In practice I find it advantageous to make the braking surface with a shoe oi
the like and a revolving band as described in the Specification of former Letters
Patent granted to me No. 18480 of 1898
Improvements in Brakes for Cycles.
I, PHILIP JOSEPH PARMITER, of Station Works, Tisbury, in the County of
Wilts, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
20 manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement.—
"
My invention has for its object to provide a bicycle, having what is commonly
known as a
free wheel" with a biake which acts upon the rear driving wheel
of the machine and which is applied by back pedalling, that is to say, by the

page_text: movement of the cranks in the reverse direction to that in which they rotate when
driving
According to my invention I provide a lever carrying at one end the biaking
device which 18 adapted to be applied to the surface of the wheel and pivoted
upon the frame of the machine in such a manner that the other end (hereinafter
for convenience of description referred to as the free end) can be acted upon by
one of the cranks when the latter are iotated in the backward direction The
said free end of the lever carries a catch or dog which, when the cranks are 1otating
in the ordinary manner to drive the machine is pushed inwardly so that no
movement is imparted to the brake lever but which, when the oranks are rotated
backwards to the required extent, forms a projection against which one of the
cranks will press so as to cause the movement of the lever and the consequent
pressing of the shoe or the like cairied thereby into contact with the wheel to be
braked
In practice I find it advantageous to make the braking surface with a shoe or
the like and a revolving band as described in the Specification of former Letters
Patent granted to me No. 18480 of 1898
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 11s a side elevation of a portion of a cycle frame having my improved
brake applied thereto.
Figure 2 18 a plan thereof, and
Figure 3 18 a side elevation drawn to a larger scale shewing a spring controlled
brake catch upon the free end of the brake level
A is the frame of the bicycle,. B the rear wheel thereof, C the crank axle
and D one of the cranks
a is the brake lever and b is the braking device which is fitted to one end
thereof, the said device being shewn as of the kind described in the Specification
of my former Patent No 18480 of 1898, although I wish it to be understood that
any other suitable brake could also be employed The said lever a 18 pivoted
at e to a bracket d which embraces the bottom stays of the bicycle frame and 18
bolted thereto by means of the bolt e
The catch which I advantageously employ to operate the brake lever when
the machine 18 back pedalled," comprises a shank f passing through a hole or
slot g in the free end of the lever a, the said shank being held in the slot by
means of an enlarged head formed upon its upper end, the said head bearing
against the upper surface of the lever and projecting beyond the free end of the
said lever h¹ is a pin passing through the lower end of the shank f and serving
to limit the upward movement of the catch
&
In connection with this catch I provide a cam disc or the like attached to the
crank D, the said disc being formed with a number (in the drawing two) of teeth
or the like, which are at such a distance from the centre of the said disc that
they lap over the head of the catch f.
With this arrangement when the cranks are turned so as to propel the bicycle
forwards the periphery of the cam disc on its rotation, makes contact with the
underside of the head h and lifts the catch into the position shewn in dotted lines
in Figure 1, the hole within which the said catch is held, being bevelled at its
front end to allow of the catch assuming this position When, however, the
bicycle is "back pedalled" one of the teeth j formed upon the cam disc comes
into contact with the upper surface of the head h of the catch thereby depressing
the fiee end of the lever a and applying the brake As the lever is depressed
the tooth extends farther over the end thereof so that the strain is removed from
the catch
the
(Figure 3) is a spring which 18 coiled upon the shank f of the catch between
pin passed through the lower end of the said shank and the bottom edge of
the lever a; this spring is not necessary but I prefer to use it to ensure that the
catch shall assume its normal position in the hole g after each elevation by the
cam disc.

page_text: 1, are projecting lugs formed upon the bracket d which serve as stops to
limit the movement of the brake lever in both dnections When the biake 19
applied by "back pedalling" the lever a is brought against the stop / thus forming
with the crank aim a rigid step from which the der can dismount without
straining the biake or the machine fiame
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18.
-
1 A brake for cycles of the hind described compusing a lever pivotally mounted
on the frame of the cycle and carrying at one end a brake device and at the other
end a catch which allows the crank to pass fieely when moving forwards but
which when the crank moves in the reveise duection acts as a stop so that the
end of the lever is depressed and the brake applied, substantially as described.
2. In a biake of the kind described in Claim 1, the employment of a catch
comprising a shank having a head, the said shank being lodged in a hole in the
end of a brake lever in such a manner that the head piojects beyond the ond of
the said level, substantially as heieinbefore described and illustrated
3 In a biake of the kind described in Claim 1 the employment of the bracket d
having the stops /, / substantially as herein before described and illustrated
+ The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved brake for
cycles, herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying diawing
Dated this 31st day of March 1900
G F REDFERN & Co,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant