Improvements in the Means for Binding Together Metal Tubes Serving for Girders, Pillars, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Apr., 1805
Complete Specification Left, 9:h Dec., 1895-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1896
vale оr аррисастоп, ты прор
Complete Specification Left, 9:h Dec., 1895-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means for Binding Together Metal Tubes
Serving for Girders, Pillars, and the like.
WATSON
We, GEORGE EARL CHURCH, Civil Engineer, and GEORGE
ETTENGER, Mechanical Engineer, both of Dashwood House, 9 New Broad
Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
Our invention relates to constructions of metal binders that are made of rolled
or drawn metal sheets or plates and that serve to embrace two tubes serving either
as girders pillars and the like so as to secure them firmly together at a greater or
less distance apart.
. According to one mode of construction we form the binder of a metal sheet that
has been previously rolled to the thickness required, and is then formed between
suitable dies into the shape required.
Figures 1, 1A and 1B shew respectively a front and side view and a cross section
at A B, Figure 1, of a binder constructed according to this method, and Figures 6
and 6 shew respectively a plan and edge view of the prepared plate for forming the
binder, before it is beut into the required shape for embracing the tubes.
The rolled plate or strap, Figure 6, formed by shearing or stamping, has firstly
portions 1, 1, with the wings 2, 2, 2, 2, as shown, the parts 1, 1, being embossed
by stamping in dies or otherwise so as to produce thereon, firstly two pockets or
hollow projections 3, 3, having faces 3, 3, formed as circular arcs, adapted to fit
the surfaces of the tubes 4, 4, indicated in dotted lines at Figure 1, which are to
be secured together; secondly, there are formed thereon two other pockets or
hollow projections 5, 5, on the opposite side to that on which 3, 3, are formed, and
which have on the faces 5º, 5º, holes 5b, 5b, for the passage through them of a
screw bolt 6, as at Figure 1. The wings 2, 2, are also bent by stamping to form
the U-shaped section shewn at Figures 1,1B. The plate has secondly portions 1*, 1*,
forming straps which are subsequently bent into the form shown at Figure 1, and
in the one strap is also formed a hole 1, for the passage of the bolt 6. Lastly,
there may be formed on the straps hollow projections 7, 7, for purposes to be
presently described.
The plate or strap being thus formed, it is then bent by pressure in moulds
into the shape shewn at Figure 1, so that its flat parts partially encircle the two
tubes 4, 4, while the pockets or projections 3, 3, fit with their surface 3*, 3ª, against
the inner sides of the tubes, extending somewhat beyond the vertical centre line,
and the projections 5, 5, lying in line with each other in an oblique direction, form
the abutments for the screw-bolt 6, against the lower one of which abutments lies
the bent end 1ª of the strap, this end being made to overlap the other end 1° which
fits against the tube 4.
On referring to Figure 1 it will be seen that on screwing up the nut of the
bolt 6, not only will the straps be drawn tight round each of the tubes 4, 4, but
the curved projections or pockets 3, 3*, will also be made to abut closely against
the inner parts of the tubes, while the U-shaped parts 2, 2, will afford additional
rigidity to the intervening part of the binder between the two tubes, withstanding.
the force exercised by the screw bolt tending to draw the two tubes towards ench
other and also any extraneous lateral force having such tendency.

page_text: The wings 2, 2ª, are formed with holes 2b, so as to serve for lateral attachment
of the binder to some other structural part, when required. Lastly, the hollow
bosses, 7, 7, at each end of the binder, having a hole formed through them, may
serve for the reception of a bolt or rivet 8 for attachment of a structural member 9
to the binder.
Figure 1 shews a binder of the same finished form as at Figure 1 but which
has no open joint.
This construction can be carried out either by welding the two ends of the plate
together, after this has been shaped as described with reference to Figure 6, or it
may be produced by pressing and shearing in moulds. For this latter purpose a
flat plate 1, Figure 68, has first a pocket 1ª formed in it, after which it is subject
to the action of punching and shearing dies whereby the parts 1°, 1°, of the
plate and the part 1 of the bottom of the pocket as shewn in Fig. 6° are
removed so that the closed loop 1 now corresponds to the strap 11ª of Figure 1,
while 2, 2, correspond to the wings 2, and 2ª corresponds to the flanges 2ª.
The binder is then subject to farther pressure in dies whereby it is finally
converted into the shape at Figure 1°, that is to say, the pockets 3, 3, and 5, 5, are
formed and the wings 2 are beut into trough shape.
·
Figures 2 to 2 shew a construction in which the binder is formed from a blank
of the shape shewn at Figure 2E; Figure 2 shews a front view, Figure 24 a plan;
Figure 2B a vertical section, Figure 2° a cross section on line V W; Figure 2D a
side view; Figure 2 a plan of the blank, Figure 2 a side view of the binder
partly formed.
The blank is made with a middle portion 10, two straps 10%, 10%, and two
wings 10, 10. In this blank are first formed pockets, 11, 11, and the sides of the
middle part 10 are then beut round so as to bring the straps 10 and pockets 11, 11,
into the relative positions shewn at Figure 2, while the wings 10 are again bent
at right angles so as to lie parallel to the middle part 10. The straps 10° are then
bent round as shewn at Figures 2 and 2B, so as to encircle the two tubes, the ends
being passed into the space between the pockets 11, 11, so that, suitable slots
having been previously punched in the straps and pockets, it will be seen that on
driving in the key 12, the straps will be drawn tightly round the tubes, and these will
be thereby also drawn tight against the curved faces of the pockets 11, 11, thus
effecting a firm grip of the tubes by the binder, while the flanges or wings 10°
serve for attachment to a lateral structural part.
Figures 3 and 34 shew an elevation and section on X X of a construction in
which the binder is made to grip the tubes by means of a bolt situated on one side.
The middle part 13 is for this purpose formed with four pockets 13 adapted to fit
against both sides of each tube; the middle part 13 is also formed with semi-
circular upper and lower edges to fit the tubes, and it has flanges 13b for lateral
attachment. The two end parts 13 of the plate are bent respectively round the
upper and lower tubes and the straight parts have perforated lugs 13d 13d welded
thereon, through which passes the screw bolt 14, so that on screwing this up the
two ends will be drawn tightly round the two tubes, and in drawing these against
the pocket 13 and the semi-circular edges of 13, they will cause the tubes to be
effectually gripped by the binder.
Figures 4, 44 and 4B shew a front and side view and section at Y Y of a form of
binder which is constructed of a plate, the middle part 15 of which is formed of a
T-section, as shewn at Figure 4B, while the two extensions 15", 15, of the rib
constitute straps for bending round the two tubes, which straps terminate in screw
bolts 15 15 which are passed through holes in the rib of the part 15 and are
drawn tight by means of screw nuts 16. Thus by screwing these up the straps 15
will be drawn tight round the tubes, which will at the same time be drawn tight
against the circular edges of the middle part 15, so that the tubes will be firmly
gripped by the binder. The wings of the T-shaped part 15 are provided with bolt
holes for lateral attachment when required.
Figures 5, 5 and 5B shew respectively a front view, a longitudinal section and

page_text: a transverse section of a modification of the construction shewn at Figures 2 to 2º,
that is to say, the binder is formed with a middle portion 17, connecting two
straps 17, two flanges 17b, and two pockets 18, the straps being tightened round
the tubes by a key 19, but in this case the parts are so arranged that in tightening
them up by means of the key, only the inner end of each strap 17" is acted upon
thereby, so that the middle part can be fixed by the flanges 17b and bolts 20 to a
lateral structural part before the inner ends are tightened up.
For this purpose
the ends of the straps are bent up into a hook shape 17 and the key 19 is driven
in between these as shewn, so that by thus drawing each end inwards, the strap
portions are drawn tight round the upper and lower tubes, and at the same time
the tubes are drawn tight against the shoulders of the pockets 18. A circular
hole 17 is formed in the part 17 for the passage of the key 19.
Figures 7 and 74 shew respectively a front view, and a side view of a
construction in which the central portion 21, adapted to be fixed by bolts or
rivets to a lateral structural part, has at each edge a flange 21 the extension 21
of which is formed as a strap which is bent round the tube, and terminates in a
screw bolt 21°, that is passed through a bossed hole in the flange 21 and receives
a screw nut 22 so that by tightening up these nuts, the two tubes are tightly
gripped by the straps 21' and are thus securely held by the plate 21.
Figures 8 and 8 shew respectively a front view and a section at F, G, of a
construction, in which the strap 23 that grips the tubes is formed separate from
the plate 24 which is fixed to a lateral structural part, this plate being formed
with an oblique hollow rib 24" within which the middle part of the strap 23 is
situated, and through holes in which and in the strap itself the bolt-shaped
ends 23 are passed, so as to be tightened up by the screw nuts 25.
Figures 9 and 94 shew respectively an elevation and a cross section on line H. 1
of a modification of the preceding construction in which, instead of forming screw
bolts on the ends of the strap, the ends of the latter are provided with perforated
lugs through which passes a screw bolt 28 for tightening up both ends
simultaneously.
:
For this purpose the plate 26 is formed with a hollow rib 26ª containing the
middle part of the strap 27 and having oblique embossed holes or pockets 26
through which and through a slotted hole in the strap passes the bolt 28, which
also passes through the lugs 27ª formed on the ends of the strap, which are
consequently drawn tightly round the tubes on screwing up the nut 29.
In this construction it will be seen that although the plate 26 and strap 27 are
securely locked together by the bolt 28, yet the connection is such that the strap,
in adjusting itself to the pull of the bolt, is free to shift within certain limits
relatively to the plate.
In all the above described constructions, the straps passing round the tubes may
be provided with embossed holes in the centre line of the binder, for attachment
thereof to a structural part by a bolt or rivet as indicated at 7, Figures 1 and 2,
instead of effecting such attachment by lateral brackets or flanges.
It will be seen that, in all the constructions of binders described with reference to
Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9, by the forming of pockets or hollow ribs on the
middle part of the binder, such middle part is 30 stiffened as to effectually resist
any forcing towards each other of the tubes by a transverse acting strain or load,
while the parts of the binder encircling the tubes effectually prevent these from
heing forced apart..
Although the herein described lateral wings or flanges for fixing to lateral
structures form an essential part of our improved binders, yet it will be obvious
that for binders that do not require lateral attachment the said wings can be
dispensed with.
Dated this 4th day of Anril 1895.
ABEL & IMKAY,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means for Binding Together Metal Tubes
Serving for Girders, Pillars, and the like.
We, GEORGE EARL CHURCH, Civil Engineer, and GEORGE WATSON
ETTENGER, Mechanical Engineer, both of Dashwood House, 9, New Broad
Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to constructions of metal binders that are made of rolled
or drawn metal sheets or plates and that serve to embrace two tubes serving either
as girders pillars and the like so as to secure them firmly together at a greater or
less distance apart.
According to one mode of construction we form the binder of a metal sheet that
has been previously rolled to the thickness required and is then formed between
suitable dies into the shape required.
Referring to the drawings filed with our Provisional Specification Figures 1, 14
and 1 shew respectively a front and side view and a cross section at A. B Figure 1,
of a binder constructed according to this method, and Figs. 6 and 64 shew
respectively a plan and edge view of the prepared plate for forming the binder,
before it is bent into the required shape for embracing the tubes.
The rolled plate or strap, Fig. 6, formed by shearing or stamping, has firstly
portions 1, 1, with the wings 2, 2, 2, 2, as shewn, the parts 1, 1, being embossed
by stamping in dies or otherwise so as to produce thereon, firstly two pockets or
hollow projections 3, 3, having faces 34, 35, formed as circular arcs, adapted to fit
the surfaces of the tubes 4, 4, indicated in dotted lines at Fig. 1, which are to be
secured together; secondly, there are formed thereon two other pockets or hollow
projections 5, 5, on the opposite side to that on which 3, 3, are formed, and which
have on the faces 5*, 5", holes 5, 5b, for the passage through them of a screw bolt 6
as at Fig. 1. The wings 2, 2, are also bent by stamping to form the U-shaped
section shewn at Figs. 1, 1. The plate has secondly portions 1, 1, forming straps
which are subsequently bent into the form shewn at Fig. 1 and in the one strap is
also formed a hole 1° for the passage of the bolt 6. Lastly, there may be formed
on the straps hollow projections 7, 7 for purposes to be presently described.
The plate or strap being thus formed, it is then bent by pressure in moulds into
the shape shewn at Fig. 1, so that its flat parts partially encircle the two tubes 4, 4,
while the pockets or projections 3, 3, fit with their surface 3, 3, against the inner
sides of the tubes, extending somewhat beyond the vertical centre line, and the
projections 5, 5, lying in line with each other in an oblique direction, form the
abutments for the screw bolt 6, against the lower one of which abutments lies
the bent end 1 of the strap, this end being made to overlap the other end 1° which
fits against the tube 4.
On referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that on screwing up the nut of the bolt 6,
not only will the straps be drawn tight round each of the tubes 4, 4, but the curved
projections or pockets 3, 3, will also be made to abut closely against the inner
parts of the tubes, while the U shaped parts 2, 2, will afford additional rigidity to
the intervening part of the binder between the two tubes, withstanding the force
exercised by the screw bolt, tending to draw the two tubes towards each other and
also any extraneous lateral force having such tendency..
The wings 2, 2*, are formed with holes 2b, so as to serve for lateral attachment
of the binder to some other structural part, when required. Lastly, the hollow
bosses 7, 7, at each end of the binder, having a hole formed through them, may serve
for the reception of a bolt or rivet 8 for attachment of a structural member 9 to
the binder.

page_text: Fig. I snews & vinder of the same unisher
open joint.
This construction can be carried out either by welding the two ends of the plate.
together, after this has been shaped as described with reference to Fig. 6, or it.
For this latter purpose a
may be produced by pressing and shearing in moulds.
flat plate 1 Fig. 6B, has first a pocket 1ª formed in it. After which it is subject
to the action of punching and shearing dies whereby the parts 1°, 1°, of the plate 1
and the part 1 of the bottom of the pocket as shewn in Fig. 6° are removed so..
that the closed loop 1 now corresponds to the strap 1, 1° of Fig. 1, while 2, 2,.
correspond to the wings 2, and 2ª corresponds to the flanges 2ª. The binder is-
then subject to farther pressure in dies whereby it is finally converted into the shape.
at Fig. 1, that is to say, the pockets 3, 3, and 5, 5, are formed and the wings 2 are
bent into trough shape.
Figures 2 to 2 shew a construction in which the binder is-formed from a blank
of the shape shewn at Fig. 2; Fig. 2 shews a front view, Fig. 24 a plan;.
Fig. 2 a vertical section, Fig. 2 a cross section on line V W; Fig. 2º a side
view; Fig. 2 a plan of the blank, Fig. 2 a side view of the binder partly formed.
The blank is made with a middle portion 10, two straps 10%, 10%, and two-
wings 10b, 10º. In this blank are first formed pockets 11, 11, and the sides of the.
middle part 10 are then bent round so as to bring the straps 10 and pockets 11, 11,.
into the relative positions shewn at Fig. 2, while the wings 10 are again bent at
right angles so as to lie parallel to the middle part 10. The straps 10 are then
bent round as shewn at Figs. 2 and 2B, so as to encircle the two tubes, the ends..
being passed into the space between the pockets 11, 11, so that, suitable slots-
having been previously punched in the straps and pockets, it will be seen that on
driving in the key 12, the straps will be drawn tightly round the tubes, and these
will be thereby also drawn tight against the curved faces of the pockets 11, 11,
thus effecting a firm grip of the tubes by the binder, while the flanges or wings 10b
serve for attachment to a lateral structural part.
Figs. 3 and 3 shew an elevation and section on X X of a construction in which
the binder is made to grip the tubes by means of a bolt situated on one side. The
middle part 13 is for this purpose formed with four pockets 13" adapted to fit
against both sides of each tube; the middle part 13 is also formed with semicircular-
upper and lower edges to fit the tubes, and it has flanges 13° for lateral attachment..
The two end parts 13° of the plate are bent respectively round the upper and lower-
tubes and the straight parts have perforated lugs 13 13d welded thereon, through
which passes the screw bolt 14, so that on screwing this up the two ends will be
drawn tightly round the two tubes; and in drawing these against the pocket 13ª
and the semicircular edges of 13 they will cause the tubes to be effectually gripped
by the binder.
Figs. 4, 4 and 4B shew a front and side view and section at Y Y of a form of
binder which is constructed of a plate, the middle part 15 of which is formed of a
T-section, as shewn at Fig. 4B, while the two extensions 15ª, 15, of the rib.
constitute straps for bending round the two tubes, which straps terminate in screw
bolts 15 15 which are passed through holes in the rib of the part 15 and are
drawn tight by means of screw nuts 16. Thus by screwing these up the straps 15*
will be drawn tight round the tubes, which will at the same time be drawn tight
against the circular edges of the middle part 15, so that the tubes will be firmly
gripped by the binder. The wings of the T-shaped part 15 are provided with bolt
holes for lateral attachment when required.
Figs. 5, 5A and BB shew respectively a front view, a longitudinal section and a
transverse section of a modification of the construction shewn at Figs. 2 to 2D, that
is to say, the binder is formed with a middle portion 17, connecting two straps 17",..
two flanges 17, and two pockets 18, the straps being tightened round the tubes by
a key 19, but in this case the parts are so arranged that in tightening them up by
means of the key, only the inner end of each strap 17ª is acted upon thereby, so
that the middle part can be fixed by the flanges 17 and bolts 20 to a lateral.

page_text: structural part before the inner ends are tightened up. For this purpose the ends
of the straps are bent up into a hook shape 17° and the key 19 is driven in between
these as shewn, so that by thus drawing each end inwards, the strap portions are
drawn tight round the upper and lower tubes, and at the same time the tubes are
drawn tight against the shoulders of the pockets 18. A circular hole 17d is formed
in the part 17 for the passage of the key 19.
Figs. 7 and 7 shew respectively a front view, and a side view of a construction
in which the central portion 21, adapted to be fixed by bolts or rivets to a lateral
structural part, has at each edge a flange 21 the extension 21 of which is formed
as a strap which is bent round the tube, and terminates in a screw bolt 21° that is
passed through a bossed hole in the flange 21ª and receives a screw nut 22 so that
by tightening up these nuts, the two tubes are tightly gripped by the straps 21
and are thus securely held by the plate 21.
Figs. 8 and 8 shew respectively a front view and a section at F, G, of a
construction in which the strap 23 that grips the tubes is formed separate from the
plate 24 which is fixed to a lateral structural part, this plate being formed with an
oblique hollow rib 24 within which the middle part of the strap 23 is situated, and
through holes in which and in the strap itself the bolt-shaped ends 23* are passed.
so as to be tightened up by the screw nuts 25.
Figures 9 and 94 shew respectively an elevation and a cross section on line HI
of a modification of the preceding coustruction in which, instead of forming screw
bolts on the ends of the strap, the ends of the latter are provided with perforated
lugs through which passes a screw bolt 28 for tightening up both ends
simultaneously.
For this purpose the plate 26 is formed with a hollow rib 26ª containing the
middle part of the strap 27 and having oblique embossed holes or pockets 26"
through which and through a slotted hole in the strap passes the bolt 28, which
also passes through the lugs 27* formed on the ends of the strap, which are
consequently drawn tightly round the tubes on screwing up the nut 29.
In this construction it will be seen that although the plate 26 and strap 27 are
securely locked together by the bolt 28, yet the connection is such that the strap,
in adjusting itself to the pull of the bolt, is free to shift within certain limits
relatively to the plate.
In all the above described constructions, the straps passing round the tubes may
be provided with embossed holes in the centre line of the binder, for attachment
thereof to a structural part by a bolt or rivet as indicated at 7, Figs. 1 and 2,
instead of effecting such attachment by lateral brackets or flanges.
It will be seen that, in all the constructions of binders described with reference
to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9, by the forming of pockets or hollow ribs on the middle
part of the binder, such middle part is so stiffened as to effectually resist any
forcing towards cach other of the tubes by a transverse acting strain or load,
while the parts of the binder encircling the tubes effectually prevent these from
being forced apart.
Although the herein described lateral wings or flanges for fixing to lateral
structures form an essential part of our improved binders, yet it will be obvious
that for binders that do not require lateral attachment the said wings can be
dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A metal binder constructed of rolled or drawn sheet metal having the
required configuration imparted to it either by punching or shearing, and having
hollow embossed parts or pockets formed thereon by stamping in dies, the plate
thus formed being subsequently bent so as to embrace the tubes to be secured by
means of two strap like ends the embossed parts or pockets being on the one hand
made to abut against the tubes, and on the other hand made to serve as abutments

page_text: for the screw bolt that effects the tightening of the binder for gripping the tubes,
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 13, and 6, 6 of. the_
drawings.
2. Constructing binders of a plate which is moulded and sheared by dies and
punches out of a flat plate so as to form a closed loop with wings or flanges, which
loop has pockets formed in it that on the one hand abut against the tubes to be
secured and on the other hand serve as abutments for the screw bolt, that effects
the tightening of the binder so as to grip the tubes subsequently as described with.
reference to Figs. 1 and 6B 6° of the drawings.
3. Constructing binders of a plate composed of a middle piece from which two
straps extend in opposite directions, pockets being formed in the middle piece for
abutting against the tubes so that when bent into the required shape the straps
encircle the two tubes and have their ends passed between the two pockets, in
order that on driving a key through slots formed in these parts, the two straps
shall be tightened round the tubes to be secured thereby, so as to cause these to be
gripped firmly between the straps and the abutment surfaces of the pockets,
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 2 to 2 of the drawings.
4. The modified construction of the binder referred to in the third claim,
wherein the ends of the straps are bent into a book shape, and the tightening key
is driven between these in a direction transversely of the binder, so that it does not
pass through slots in the pockets, whereby the binder can be fixed by its flanges to
a lateral structural part before it is tightened up round the tubes, substantially as
described with reference to Figs. 5 to 5 of the drawings.
5. Constructing a metal binder of a plate having a middle piece in which are
formed four pockets for abutting against the two tubes, and two straps which are
bent round the two tubes so as to have their ends situated opposite each other on
one and the same side of the middle piece, which ends are provided with perforated
lugs through which passes a screw bolt, so that by screwing up the out of the
latter the two straps are drawn tight round the tubes and these are thereby drawn
tight against the pockets of the middle piece, substantially as described with
reference to Figs. 3 and 34 of the drawings.
6. Constructing a metal binder of a plate the middle part of which is of a
Tshaped or flanged section while the two end parts are formed as straps that pass
round the tubes and have their ends formed as screw bolts that are passed through
the rib or flange of the middle piece so that on screwing up the nuts on the ends
of the bolts the straps are drawn tight round the tubes which are thereby drawn
tight against the edges of the middle piece, substantially as described with reference
to Figs. 4 44 4 and 7, 7A of the drawings.
7. Constructing a metal binder of two parts, one of which is formed as a plate
with a hollow rib, while the other part consists of a strap, the middle part of which
is situated within the hollow rib of the first part, while the two end parts are bent
round the two tubes to be secured, and have screw bolts formed at their extremities
which are passed through holes formed through the hollow rib and through the
part of the strap within it, so that by screwing up nuts on the bolts the straps are
drawn tight round the tubes, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 8
and 8 of the drawings.
8. In the form of binder referred to in the seventh claim arranging the strap so
that it can shift independently of the middle plate while the two parts are securely
locked together, by replacing the bolt shaped ends of the strap by perforated lugs
at the side of the strap through which passes a screw bolt which also passes through
holes in the hollow rib of the middle part and through a hole in the part of the
strap situated in such hollow rib, so that on screwing up the nut of the bolt the
two ends of the strap are drawn tight round the tubes quite independently of
the middle part, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 9 and 9 of the
drawings.
9. In a metal binder formed of a rolled or drawn plate, constructing the middle
part of such binder with pockets or hollow ribs which abut against the tubes to be

page_text: -secured together and which also serve to stiffen the middle part of the binder so as
to effectually withstand any forcing together of the tubes while the two end parts
of the binder that encircle the tubes and are fastened by suitable means, serve to
resist any forcing apart of the tubes, substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9 of the drawings.
10. In metal binders such as are referred to in the preceding claims, forming
embossed holes in the parts encircling the tubes which holes serve as means of
.attachment of the binder to other structural parts in the centre line of the tubes,
substantially as described.
11. In metal binders such as are referred to in the preceding claims, forming the
middle part of the binder with wings or flanges for attachment to lateral or
transverse structural parts, substantially as described.
DL: Och 1. of Thrombo- 1905
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.