IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincolns-Inn-Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS" to be as follows:
"
The object of this Invention is to increase the efficiency of apparatus for heating
air, by means of inclined or horizontal channels, open at both ends and adapted to
conduct the air along the heating-surface. The channels are formed between the
said surface and an outer plate or shell by parallel division-walls, and they are put
in communication with a main or collecting-channel acting in the manner of a
chimney to cause, a draught. In case the conducting-channels are inclined so as to
convey the air upward by themselves, the collecting-channel may, however, be
dispensed with.
Daind this Thanth of T100 A

page_text: I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincolns-Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS" and in what manner. the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This Invention relates to apparatus for heating air, and its object is to increase
the efficiency of the same by means of short inclined or horizontal channels, open
at both ends and adapted to conduct the air along the heating surface. The
channels are formed between the said surface and an outer plate or shell by
parallel division-walls, and they are put in communication with a main or collecting-
channel acting in the manner of a chimney. to cause a draught. In case the
conducting-channels are inclined so as to be adapted to convey the air upward by
themselves, the collecting-channel may, however, be dispensed with.
On the annexed Sheet, of Drawings are shown different arrangements of the
said channels applied to heating apparatuses of varying width. Fig. 1 represents
in elevation a single system of inclined channels a for a narrow heating apparatus,
and one main channel c, the front plate of the channels being removed. With this
arrangement the air enters from the space around the apparatus directly into the
_channels at one end, and then passes into the channels c, as indicated by arrows.
Fig. 2 is a side-view, and Fig. 3 a plan corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing the
front-plate b and the heating-apparatus e. Fig. 4 is an elevation of a system of
horizontal channels with one main channel c. Figs. 5 and 6 show respectively in
elevation and plan a double system of channels a and two channels c, applied to
an apparatus of greater breadth, the air being admitted to all the channels a through
a slit d in the wall b, and passing towards either side into the channels c. In the
arrangement of Figs. 7 and 8 the main channel c is placed partly between and
partly in front of two systems of inclined channels a, the air entering directly into
the latter from either side of the apparatus. Figs. 9 and 10 finally represent a
very broad heating-apparatus with four double systems of conducting-channels to
which the air is again admitted by slits d in the plate b, while there are five main
channels c for the heated air. The heating apparatusese are shown in outlines
only, as their interior construction does not form any part of this Invention. In
Figs. 4, 5, 7 and 9 the plates closing the channels in front are supposed to be
removed as in Fig. 1.
The partition-walls of the channels a may be cast upon or fixed to the outer
surface of the heating-apparatus, or attached to the inner surface of the plate or
plates ; or they may consist in separate strips of any suitable material inserted
between the said apparatus and the plates b. In like manner as the apparatus
shown in the Drawing are provided on one side with the described channels, there
may be channels on two or more sides, the channels may be applied to heating-
apparatuses of round or other form, and horizontal channels may be employed with
the apparatus Figs. 5 to 10, instead of inclined channels, as well as with the
apparatus Figs. 1 to 3.
In case the conducting-channels are inclined, the collecting-channels c are not
necessarily required, as the air on becoming warm will rise within the former
. without the aid of the latter'; but the collecting-channels, will always be of
advantage.
The described conducting-channels operate to increase the efficiency of the
heating-surface, inasmuch as they all draw in air at the same temperature and

page_text: convey it along the heating-surface in numerous thin and short currents, so as to
bring all portions thereof in close contact with the said surface and for such time
only as is necessary to heat it to the required degree. The mean difference between
the temperature of the air and the heating surface is, in consequence, greater than
with ordinary air-heaters, along the surface of which the air rises in an unlimited.
current from the bottom to the top, so that the particles of air which are already
heated, will remain unnecessarily long in contact with the said surface and prevent
the latter, especially in its upper part, from giving off heat in the measure as is the
case with the improved arrangement described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination with an apparatus for heating air, of channels a formed on
the surface thereof and adapted to convey the air across the heating-surface or a
portion of the same, substantially as described.
2. The combination with the channels a formed upon a heating apparatus for
air, substantially as described, of one or more collecting-channels c, as and for the
purpose specified.