Improvements in Tyres for Cycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 7th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 11th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tyres for Cycles and other Vehicles.
I, SAMUEL AUSTIN, of Brunswick Terrace, Stretford, in the County of
Lancaster, Foreman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention is designed to provide a puncture proof and elastic tyre for the
wheels of cycles and other light vehicles.
It consists essentially in inserting in the cover of the pneumatic tube a number
of thin or fine spiral springs or wires to cover or protect the air tube in
making one or more layers of the tyre of an elastic webbing or woven fabric and
in inserting in the edges of the cover spiral springs or wires by which to attach or
secure the tyre to the rim.
In carrying out the invention I construct the tyre or that part of it which forms
the cover for the pneumatic tube with a number of small spiral springs or wires
placed side by side and running longitudinally of the tyre inserted between the
layers of material which go to compose the tyre. The spiral springs or wires are
placed so as to touch or almost touch one another and they prevent the penetration
of a sharp article through to the pneumatic tube. When the tyre is inflated they
are expanded or stretched longitudinally and thus do not lessen the resiliency of
the tyre.
The tyre is composed of a number of layers of material preferably three and
of these I propose to make the back or inner layer of a woven elastic web capable
of expanding and contracting in the direction of its length. It is upon this that
the series of spiral wires or springs are placed and over these is a second layer of
the elastic web. This second layer need not extend to the edges this part being
made up of ordinary canvas or other material. The third or outer layer is
composed of rubber in the ordinary way.
The spiral wires or springs which render the tyre puncture proof may be
employed without the elastic webbing being secured to layers of canvas but I
prefer to build up the tyre as described and for light tyres if found desirable the
elastic web may be employed without spiral wire protectors or it may be employed
with other forms of protectors.
In the edges of the tyre are secured spiral springs or wires by which the tyre is
secured to the rim of the wheel.
The ends of the spiral springs or wires are connected together to form hoops or
rings by being twisted one into the other or by any suitable form of clip.
Dated this 6th day of March 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.

page_text: tyres for Cycles and other vehicles.
I, SAMUEL AUSTIN, of Brunswick Terrace, Stretford, in the County of
Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed to provide an improved puncture proof and elastic
tyre for the wheels of cycles and other vehicles.
It consists essentially in inserting in the cover of the pneumatic tube a number
of separate closely coiled spiral wires or springs to cover or protect the air tube
and in making one or more layers of the tyre of an elastic webbing or woven fabric
and in inserting in the edges or sides of the cover spiral wires or springs by which
to attach or secure the tyre to the rim.
It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
sufficient of a tyre is shown to illustrate the invention.
Fig. 1. Extended plan of a length of the tyre.
Fig. 2. Transverse section of tyre.
Fig. 3. Transverse section showing application of the spiral wire to the edges
or sides to maintain the tyre in position.
Fig. 4. Shows a flat or oval spiral wire or spring.
Fig. 5. Shows spiral wire or spring coiled circularly and then flattened by
pressure.
The tyre or part of the tyre which forms the cover for the pneumatic tube I
construct with a number of separate closely coiled spiral wires or springs A placed
side by side and running longitudinally of the tyre inserted between the layers of
material which go to compose the tyre. The spiral wires or springs A are placed
so as to touch or almost touch one another but are not interwoven and they prevent
the penetration of a sharp substance through to the pneumatic tube. When the
tyre is inflated they are expanded or stretched longitudinally and thus increase the
resiliency of the tyre.
The separate closely coiled spiral wires or springs A may be made in or secured
together in sets for a tyre by stitching of wire, twine or other material or by metal
clips and then placed in a pocket made of canvas or other suitable material or
cemented or stitched to a strip of fabric to enable them to be easily handled.
The spirals A may be either circular or flat in cross section as found most
desirable or convenient, or may be elongated as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 and one,
two or more of such may extend across each tyre.
The ends of the separate closely coiled spiral wires or springs A are connected
together to form hoops or rings by being twisted one into the other or by any
suitable form of clip.
In addition to the spiral wires or springs A the tyre is composed of a number
of layers of material preferably three and of these I propose to make the back or
inner layer B of a woven elastic web or other fabric capable of expanding and
contracting in the direction of its length. It is upon this that the series of
separate closely coiled spiral wires or springs A are placed and over these is a
second layer of elastic web or other fabric C. This second layer need not extend
to the edges of the tyre, this part D being made up of ordinary canvas or other
material. The third or outer layer E is composed of rubber in the ordinary way.
The tyre may be secured to the rim of the wheel in any ordinary way such as
by wires G inserted in pockets or slots g formed round the edges.
In this tyre or in any other form of tyre spiral wires H (see Fig. 3) may be
inserted in pockets in the edges to secure the tyre to the rim of the wheel.

page_text: The invention may be applied to pneumatic tyres for all kinds of vehicles such
as cycles, wheel skates road vehicles and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be
understood that I am aware that interlacing open coils of wire such as woven wire
mattresses have been used for protectors in tyres and I make no claim therefor
but that what I claim is :-
1. A tyre for cycles or other vehicles constructed with a number of separate
closely coiled spiral wires or springs such as A running lengitudinally of the tyre
inserted between layers of canvas or other suitable material substantially as
described.
2. A tyre for cycles or other vehicles comprising a number of separate closely
coiled spiral wires or springs A one or more layers of elastic webbing or other
stretchable fabric B and C and edges of canvas D substantially as described.
3. In a tyre for cycles or other vehicles the combination therewith of a spiral
wire or spring H inserted in pockets or slots in the edges or sides to secure the
tyre to the rim substantially as described.
4. A tyre for cycles or other vehicles constructed as described and shown.
Dated this 4th day of December 1895
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.