Improvements in Steam and Hot Water Radiators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1893—Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam and Hot Water Radiators.
I, HARRY PARSONS, of 17, Sidney Grove, Goswell Road, County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to steam and hot water radiators and has for its object to
construct same in such manner as to obtain increased efficiency combined with
adaptability for decorative effect.
The circulating part of the radiator consists essentially of a series of pipes
preferably vertically disposed and opening at either end into horizontally arranged
boxes. The steam or hot water is led by suitable pipes to one end of either of the
boxes and readily circulates throughout the apparatus escaping at the other end,
and a pipe for condensed water is provided.
According to my invention 1 enclose each or any pipe and box of the apparatus
separately in an outer casing so as to leave a suitable intervening space and the
two are solidly connected by webs made of good heat conducting material (for
example, each separate section may be made wholly of cast iron). Through the
said air spaces between the circulating apparatus proper and its exterior casings
the incoming air circulates and may be somewhat delayed in contact with the
heated surfaces so as to enable it to absorb as much heat as required, and at the
top it escapes. The heat derived from the circulating medium is thus conveyed by
conduction through the webs to the outer casings, and through them, and then by
radiation to the surrounding atmosphere.
The dimensions of the apparatus are designed to warm the air sufficiently
without unduly drying or superheating same, and the exterior casings may be
ornamented to any required degree.
I will fully describe my invention in reference to the accompanying drawings in
which Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a front elevation and a plan, each partly in
section, of a radiator with three vertical tubes, Fig. 3 is a vertical section through
a pipe and its casing on line A-A, Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a vertical section between
a pair of pipes and casings on line B-B, Fig. 1.
Similar letters refer to similar parts in all the figures.
a a are the vertical circulating pipes and are the top and bottom circulating
boxes respectively, in open communication with the pipes; a' is the steam or water
inlet and a the outlet. The pipes are jointed to the boxes by rubber rings and washers
and the whole apparatus is drawn together and secured by through bolts and nuts
such as 62 where required. cc are the external casings for the pipes a a rigidly and
solidly connected thereto by any suitable number of webs dd. Each pipe a with
its web d and casing c is shown as cast in one piece of metal but they may be built
up, so long as good thermal conductivity of the webs is well maintained. This
construction provides the required hollow air ways ee between each pipe and box
and its casing and these being each cast or formed separately from one another as
described afford the required conditions for expansion and contraction. f is the
casing of the upper box b which is shown cast in one therewith, the connection
being the upper webs d' d', and is a grating fitted into the top part of the casing
and secured. is the casing of the lower box which is shown cast in one with
the same and connected by the lower webs d³, and the lower part of the casting
also forms the stand s. This may conveniently be formed with a passage s
through same for the usual circulating pipes pp; in the sides also openings such
ass may be left for the admission of cold air.
It will be noted that all these metal casings readily lend themselves to any

page_text: required degree of ornamentation as is illustrated for example, especially when
they are made of cast metal and also by curving and contracting them somewhat as
shown at k k the incoming air is thrown against the internal heating surfaces and
its upward flow is thus retarded thereby enabling it to absorb heat.
The whole radiator may thus be composed of separate sections of cast metal of
suitable thermal conductivity held together by bolts and nuts, or it may be built
together of separate parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a steam or hot water radiator connecting the circulating tubes and boxes
to suitable outer casings by webs of metal of good thermal conductivity and so that
air spaces (such as e) intervene between the circulator and its casings whereby
incoming air is heated in circulating through the air spaces and external air is
heated by radiation from the apparatus substantially as set forth.
2. The construction and arrangement of steam and hot water radiators
substantially as hereinabove described and illustrated.
Dated this 2nd day of August 1893.