Hair Curlers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 7th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 7th Nov., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Hair Curlers.
1, HERBERT DALGETY, of Cheltenham Cottage, Leamington Road, Gravelly
Hill, Birmingham, in the County of Warwickshire, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, the construction of hair curlers of simple form
so as to give as few working parts as possible, and thereby lessen the chance of the
hair being entangled or broken, and also to facilitate the withdrawal of the curler
from the hair, after it has effected its purpose.
Now the curlers that form the subject of this Patent, are secured from
unwinding, in a novel and simple manner, that not only quickens the putting
in and out of same, but making it almost impossible to entangle or break the
hair.
To accomplish the above, I bend up a piece of wire of suitable sectional
shape to the form of the letter U, the ends being doubled down inside the U,
and then brought up again in the centre of same, and carried out to some distance
beyond the ends of the U, so that it slightly resembles the letter E, with the centre
line carried far beyond, thus forming a simple curler made of one piece of wire.
The method of using same is as follows:-
The hair to be curled, is placed between the centre bars, and rolled round them
in the usual manner, the rolled or coiled hair is then slid along the said bars
into the hook or U part of the curler, thereby preventing the unwinding of
same.
It will be easily understood that modifications of this curler can be introduced
without departing from the principal features of this, my invention, such as to
make the curler with only one hook or prong, or increase the number of same
above two, or the curlers may be made of two pieces, and soldered or riveted
together, or they may be stamped out of sheet metal, with one or more hooks
or prongs, also the above curlers may be made of other suitable material besides
metal.
Dated this Eighth day of January 1891
HERBERT DALGETY.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Hair Curlers.
I, HERBERT DALGETY, of Cheltenham Cottage, Leamington Road, Gravelly
Hill, in the City of Birmingham, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct hair pins or hair
curlers so as to dispense with some of the working parts at present in use for such
purposes, and to reduce the liability of the hair to become entangled or broken
when being operated upon or when in position within the curler, also to facilitate
the withdrawal of the curler after it has affected its purpose.
In carrying my invention into effect I construct my improved curler preferably
of metal wire having a half round section, so that when one portion is placed upon
the other a circular or regular surface convenient for manipulation by the fingers
is produced. I construct my curlers in various manners to suit special or particular
requirements, but I arrange upon each modification the essential element of my
[Do31

page_text: invention by forming one arm or limb of a shorter length than the other, so that
the hair placed around or wound upon the long or projecting arm may be pushed
up and retained within the space formed by the shorter arm and the corresponding
length or portion of the long arm.
The long arm or limb I form as a fork or double bar around and between which
I arrange the hair to be curled; while the shorter arm I make either as a loop of
plate, or wire formed by closing the double wires from the long leg together, or by
a single bow attached in any ordinary manner.
I prefer to employ a double bow in order that a one half turn adjustment may be
given to the hair within the curler, rather than a single bow which provides for
only a complete turn adjustment of the hair within the legs or wire.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings,
Figure 1 is an elevation of my hair curler when constructed from wire of semi-
circular section.
The two ends of the wire A, A' I allow to stand apart to form a space D for the
reception of the hair, the upper portions of the same wire being bent down to form
an enclosed space C, C₁ into which the hair wound upon and about the central
long legs may be slipped and there retained in position. The central long leg A, A¹
being brought close up to the top of the bow or loop of the ends B, B' forms a
springing bar so that there is a tension placed upon the hair after it has been
placed within the enclosed spaces C, C¹; thereby tending the more effectually to
retain it within, and also to more effectually curl.
I sometimes construct my curler with a single short loop or leg as in Figure 2,
in which the long springing leg A, A' is formed of a split or semi-circular section
wire as in Figure 1, and the enclosure C2 to retain the hair formed by simply
bending over the double ends of the wire B. When constructing my curlers with
plain wire, I bend two hook shaped pins A2, B2, A3, B³ to the form shown in
Figure 3, and I close in the upper portions of the bow E, E¹ to enable a rivet, pin
or binding wire to be attached to keep the two separate pins A2, A³ together and
to form the necessary enclosed space C³ for the reception of the hair. The joining
of the two surfaces E, E' I sometimes affect by soldering, brazing or double
twisting one wire at that point upon the other.
When constructing another modification of my curler I arrange a bow or loop of
wire F as in Figure 4 to produce the enclosure space C, the jointing of the one
loop F to the legs A, A¹ being effected by riveting, brazing or soldering in any
well known manner.
I sometimes construct my hair curlers out of plate or sheet metal or other
suitable material, by piercing or moulding the legs A and the loop B as shown in
Figure 5 when of double bow, or double short arm construction; and as a, a, b, in
Figure 6 when of single short arm construction.
The loop of being formed by bending over the upper portion of the long open
legs a, a.
When constructing my pin of two separate wires to form the leg and the loop,
or the long and short legs A, B, and A, B illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, I join
the two portions together by means of a ring or band of wire G, G¹.
Figure 9 is an elevation of my curler formed of two separate hook shaped
wires A, A having their short ends B6, B7 bent from a closed-in neck and jointed
together by a wire ring or washer H.
Figure 10 is an elevation of my curler constructed with two separate semi-
circular or ordinary wires A8, Aº, joined to a plate loop B8 by riveting; and
Figure 11 is an elevation of my curler when constructed with the plain pin A10
joined to the loop B' by the wire passing through the plate and twisting at its
upper surface.
Figure 12 is an elevation of my single loop wire curler with an ornamental loop
or bow K formed thereon for convenience of manipulation; and
Figure 13 is an elevation of my curler having a plate loop and wire legs but
provided with a knob or ornament for a similar purpose.

page_text: Figures 14 and 15 are detail elevations of the form of entrance hook or bow
I sometimes adopt for permitting the free entrance of the hair to the enclosure as
at C, and retaining it therein by causing it to spring past a projection as at Co.
I do not limit the application of my invention to any particular form of loop or
hook, or to any peculiar arrangement of leg, but I construct my curlers of any
desired shape and configuration so far as regards the form of the loop or section of
the wire or leg, providing only the essential features of an enclosed space and
projecting springing leg is employed for the purposes herein set forth. And I
construct my curlers of metal or other suitable material or combination of material
and metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
(1) The construction of hair curlers or hair curling pins having one central
springing leg or legs and an upper shorter leg or legs forming an enclosure or
enclosures, substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
(2) In a hair curling pin or appliance, the application of a bent loop or bow of
metal or other suitable material to a wire or pair of wires of greater length than
the bow ends to form a springing or clipping holder for retaining the hair within
the bow or loop substantially as herein before described and as illustrated in
Figures 4, 10 and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
(3)-The construction of hair curlers having a central leg formed of two ends
of wire which spring apart for permitting the introduction of the hair between
them, substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
(4) The construction of hair curlers substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 6th day of October 1891.
HERBERT DALGETY,
Applicant.