Preparations of which Paper forms the Base, for the Manu- facture of Geometric Models.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 30th Aug., 1887.
Preparations of which Paper forms the Base, for the Manu-
facture of Geometric Models.
I, GEORGE REGINALD GILL of Wavertree House, Loats Road, Clapham, London, S.W.
Publisher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
My Invention relates to the construction of geometric models such as are used in
Colleges, Schools and like Institutions for imparting instruction in geometry and
drawings.
Hitherto such models have been formed of wood metal and other hard substances,
which, in addition to being heavy cumbersome and costly are very liable to be broken
or otherwise damaged, and in the case where wood is employed to lose their form
and become distorted. The object of my Invention therefore is to overcome these
and other disadvantages, by substituting for wood, metal or analogous hard and heavy
substances, paper, paper board, paper pulp or any of the preparations of which paper
pulp forms the base.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings are representations of various geometrical
models, made up or formed in accordance with my Invention. Figure 1 being a
cone, Figure 2 a triangular pyramid, Figure 3, a hollow prism, Figure 4 is a cylinder,
Figure 5. is a sphere. Figure 6 a pentagonal prism. Figure 7 a hexagonal prism.
Figure 8 a semi cylinder and Figure 9. a cube.
One of the methods which I adopt in accordance with my Invention is as follows,
that is to say I take paste board, millboard, or other coarse paper board or gard,
and having cut it to the desired shape, the edges thereof are joined together by means
of any suitable glue or cement, and when dry, and all irregularities removed, the model
is carefully covered with a white or colored paper, glazed, dead or flat, as may be
most desirable, and so trimmed that when dry, the models shall present a uniformly
smooth surface, free from creases, undulations, or other irregularities. Another
method which I adopt in the formation of the various geometrical models, is by taking
paper in the form of sheets, which, being cut into strips of suitable length and breadth,
71

page_text: are placed either in a moist or dry state upon a mould of the desired form, glue or
equivalent adhesive substance is now applied in a thin liquid state, and further strips
of paper laid on alternatively with the adhesive medium, until the desired thickness
is obtained, when the model is removed from the mould and allowed to dry. The
open part being fitted in, the whole is rubbed down with glass paper, in order to
remove all roughness, after which the model so prepared may be enveloped in the
white or colored paper as above described, or if preferred it may be painted over
with any suitable enamel paint.
As an alternative method of constructing the models, I may use paper pulp, in a
fluid state, which is pressed into suitably prepared moulds of the desired shapes, and
allowed to dry; the models are then removed from said moulds, and, the open ends
having been carefully inserted and secured, they are rubbed down to obtain the
necessary smoothness, and finished in the manner above described in reference to the
second method.
From the foregoing it will be evident that geometric models made in accordance
with my Invention, can be produced at a very small cost, and with their several
angles as accurately and sharply defined (if not more so in the case of angular
figures) than could be obtained from wood, which is subject to warping and
consequent distortion, and metal or like hard substances, which are difficult to work
to the necessary exactness.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
For the production of geometric models the utilisation of Paper, paper board, paper
pulp, or any of the various preparations of which paper forms the base, substantially
as herein described and set forth.
Dated this Fifteenth day of July 1887.
JAMES
STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers,
20, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicant.