Improvements in Governors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1894--Accepted, 16th June, 1894
COMPLETE OTUIFICATION.
Improvements in Governors.
I, GEORGE JOHN ALTHAM, of Swansea, in the County of Bristol, and State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to an improvement in governors, and has been designed
especially for application to the fluid motors employing turbine wheels.
The accompanying drawings illustrate a construction for carrying out the
invention.
Figure 1 shows an elevation of the motor, as viewed from one side, with the
improved governor applied thereto.
Figure 2 shows an elevation of the same parts, as viewed from another side.
Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the motor and admission valves, and parts of
the governor, other parts of which appear in elevation. While in reality the
valves are 66
staggered" the section is represented as being through the middle
of all of them.
Figure 4 shows a top plan view of the governor.
Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of the governor, with the parts in their
normal relation.
Figure 6 shows, a similar section of some of the parts, with the governor-balls
thrown out to the limit of their movement.
Figure 7 shows a vertical section on line 7-7 of Figure 3.
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 show details of the various parts
of the mechanism.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
Turbine wheels a are enclosed within a casing a, & the motive fluid is directed
into the tangential buckets of the inner wheel by a series of nozzles b, each of
which communicates by ports b' with a steam chest c. A valve d is supported
in a barrel dopposite each of the ports b', and a spring d inserted behind the
valve tends to seat the valve over the port. Each valve is slotted transversely, as
shown at d³, and provided with a projection d in the slot and formed with an
inclined upper side or shoulder d'. A reciprocal bar engages the slots of all the
valves, and is adapted to engage the inclined shoulders and thereby retract the
valves against the action of the springs.
For the sake of compactness, the following construction is employed: The
valves are staggered, as shown in Figures 2 & 7, and the bar which engages them
is composed of two portions e and which are preferably two separate pieces
sweated together. Each portion extends through alternate valves, and is formed
with offsets e, which receive the projections and have inclined lower ends e
to engage the shoulders do. The bars extend centrally through the valves with
which they co-act, as best illustrated in Figure 7, and it will be seen that by
making the bar double and correspondingly arranging the valves, the parts are
compacted in smaller compass than if one bar engaged all the valves, for the
offsets e² may overlap in the double arrangement. The inclines e of the bar are
not equidistant, but are graded, so that the valves do not work simultaneously,
but successively (see Figure 3).
es
A bushing is fastened in the upper end of the steam chest and a rod f
extends through said bushing and is affixed to the upper end of the bar e¹.
Said rod may slide in the hushing, but is prevented from turning by a key ƒ³
fastened in it and engaging a groove f in the bushing. A frame g is erecte

page_text: on the upper side of the casing a, and supports an internally-threaded rotary
sleeve g; and the upper end of the rod f¹ carries a screw 4, which engages the
threads of said sleeve. Movements of the screw from end to end of the sleeve
are sufficient to open and close all the valves d. A crown-wheel h is supported in
the frame g so as to turn with the sleeve g', and is preferably formed integral with
said sleeve. The frame g affords bearings for a shaft, which extends across the
crown-wheel hand carries a pinion meshing therewith; and a sleeve ³
mounted on said shaft so as to turn independently thereof carries a pinion h*,
also in mesh with the crown-wheel. The shaft h¹ has a clutch-member h³ on
one end, and the sleeve h³ carries a cylindrical casing he, which extends over said
The
clutch-member and is provided at its outer end with clutch-teeth h?.
letter i designates an elongated sleeve, which is supported in a bearing i³ erected
on the casing aand encloses a shaft, on which it may slide but may not turn.
The sleeve extends into the cylindrical casing and has a clutch-member i
affixed to its end and adapted to interlock with either of the clutch-members A
or . The shaft h' is slightly out of alignment with the shaft i, as shown in
Figure 5, the object of which is to insure a more ready engagement and disengage-
ment of the clutch. A head is affixed to the shaft 2, and governor-balls are
pivotally connected by bell-cranks with oppositely-projecting arms of said head.
The inwardly-extending arms of the bell-cranks are pivotally connected with
ears on the sleeve. The head; has a cylindrical chamber, which houses a
spring bearing at one end against the end wall of said chamber and at the opposite.
end against the sleeve, thus tending to hold the balls inward and the clutch-
member in engagement with the clutch-member /³. Under this relation of parts,
which may be termed the normal relation, such a direction of rotation of the
crown-wheel is produced through the pinion has to cause the bar e, el to rise,
and consequently open the valves d and admit fluid to the motor-wheels. The
maximum speed of the motor is regulated by the tension of the spring, and
the tension may be adjusted by means of a nut engaging screw-threads on the
shaft Access is gained to the said nut, for the purpose of turning it, through
an opening in the head j.
When the increasing speed of the motor throws the balls out, this imparts to
the sleeve a sliding movement, which draws the clutch-member 13 out of engage-
ment with the clutch-inember 5 and interlocks it with the clutch-teeth h². Then
the crown-wheel h will be moved in the reverse direction to that in which it has
before been driven, as it is now driven by the pinion. This causes the bar e, e¹
to move downward, and the springs d move the valves toward their respective
ports.
During the operation of the motor, the clutch-member is constantly oscillating
between the clutches hand and alternately engaging them, and thereby the
speed of the motor is kept substantially uniform.
Auxiliary governing means are provided, to act in case of a failure of the balls
to properly perform their work.
A tappet-rod k extends into a bore in the rod, f, and has a head adapted
to abut the ends of the bore. The upper end of this tappet-rod is connected with
one arm of a bell-crank lever & pivoted to the frame g; and the other arm of said
lever is connected with a rod k³, which is fitted to slide through a portion of the
bearing, and carries a forked head k, straddling a collar on the sleeve i.
Continued rotation of the crown-wheel in either direction, caused by failure of
the balls to work, brings one end or the other of the bore in the rod against the
head k¹ of the tappet-rod, and by moving said rod shifts the sleeve i, through the
bell-crank lever and rod ks, and disconnects the clutches that are in mesh.
The shaft is positively driven by a chain m connecting it with the main-shaft m
of the motor.
It is evident that the invention disclosed may be carried out by other means
than that here shown, and therefore is not limited to the construction by which I
have chosen to illustrate it.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a fluid motor having a plurality of admission ports, a plurality of separate
and independent valves, one for each port, and means controlled by the speed of the
motor for separately actuating said valves.
2. In a fluid motor having a plurality of admission ports, a plurality of separate
and independent valves, one for each port, a reciprocal bar adapted to separately
actuate said valves, and-means for governing the bar by the speed of the motor.
3. In a fluid motor having a plurality of admission ports, a spring-pressed valve
for each port, having an inclined shoulder, said valves being staggered, a double
bar having inclines to engage said shoulders, each portion of the bar engaging
alternate valves, and means for governing said bar by the speed of the motor.
4. A governor for fluid motors, comprising in its construction a reciprocal bar
controlling the admission valve or valves, a screw carried by said "bar, a rotary
screw-threaded sleeve engaging said screw, a crown-wheel fast with said sleeve, a..
shaft carrying a pinion in mesh with said wheel and a clutch-member, a sleeve
rotatable on said shaft and carrying a pinion in mesh with the crown-wheel and a
clutch-member, a governor-shaft driven by the motor, a longitudinally-movable
sleeve on said shaft and carrying a clutch-member between the two first named
clutch members and adapted to interlock with either, the sleeve being out of
alignment with the first-named shaft and sleeve, and governor-balls on the governor
shaft and controlling the longitudinally-movable sleeve.
5. A governor for fluid motors, comprising in its construction a reciprocal bar
controlling the admission valve or valves, a screw carried by said bar, a rotary
screw-threaded sleeve engaging said screw, a governor-shaft driven by the motor,
reversible means for connecting said shaft with the screw-threaded sleeve and
governed by the speed of the motor, and auxiliary governing means comprising a.
tappet-rod in engagement with the sorew, and suitable connections between said
tappet-rod and the governor-shaft, substantially as described.
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For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent: