Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 28th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1897
We BRIDGMAN RUSSELL and BENJAMIN RUSSELL both of 42 Berwick Street, Oxford
Street, London, W., Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
A new mode of adjusting the flow into Turbine to obtain the greatest efficiency
with a larger or reduced quantity of water by means of a plate without obstructions
at periphery which can be raised to decrease the area of flow; and a new form of
bucket for the purpose, which while curved to the required form is also "Vee"
shaped so that a thinner stream of water acting in radial lines produces a pro-
portionately equal effect, also by the back part of the bucket being cut away at the
point where effective work has been done, more ready discharge is obtained for the
tail water.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1896
BRIDGMAN RUSSELL.
BENJAMIN RUSSELL.
We BRIDGMAN RUSSELL and BENJAMIN RUSSELL both of 42 Berwick Street Oxford
Street London, W. Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The Variable Turbine Wheel to be as follows.
Fig. 1. as shewn is a section through a Variable Turbine for a low head of water,
that for a high head being the same, but having an enclosed upper case, to & through
which the water is conducted.
The various parts marked being
P. The Plate or division between the Head & Tail Race.
R. A metal ring with lip, fixed to plate P. &
A an adjustable plate, rising or lowering, to or from lip on R, by means of the
guide rods G or by a centre tube through which shaft S runs and which plate A. by
being raised regulates the flow and quantity of water to be discharged through the
Turbine Buckets, from the maximum to the minimum; without guides or other
obstructions.
C is a metal collar through which Turbine shaft runs.
L is a Hydraulic leather or gland to stop leakage.

page_text: T. The Turbine Wheel attached to shaft S, and on the periphery are fixed the
Buckets B. through which the water passes to the tail race & by which the power is
obtained.
Fig. 2. is a plan of one Bucket shewing same curved to the shape for speed &
power according to the head and having the back part marked X cut away and sloping
thus offering the least resistance to the tail water and giving a more ready discharge
after its effective work has been done.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the same Bucket shewing part on which water impinges
curved & tapering from "Flat "at starting marked E. to "Vee" at end marked X.
of Bucket so that the pressure of the water in its discharge acts through the length
of Bucket; and in the case of a thin stream or "partial gate" a proportional equal
effect is obtained on the whole of the Buckets at the periphery of the Turbine wheel;
no Buckets being shut off, but all receiving the force of the thinner stream over all
parts equally.
There being no curved plates, discs, or other obstructions to direct or alter the flow
of water, on any parts; before reaching the Buckets; the adjusting plate A is enabled
to open the total depth of the Buckets, & when raised up so that edge of plate
touches edge of Ring R, the plate also acts as stopping & starting Valve.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The construction of a Variable Turbine Wheel substantially as described with
reference to the drawings.
2. The new mode of adjusting the flow into Turbine to obtain the greatest
efficiency with a larger or reduced quantity of water, by means of a plate without
obstructions at periphery, which can be raised to decrease the area of flow, yet
maintaining the full velocity due to the head of water.
3. A new form of Bucket for the purpose which while curved to the required form
is also "vee" shaped, so that a thinner stream of water acting in radial lines produces
a proportionately equal effect.
4. The back part of the Bucket being cut away at the point where effective work
has been done, less friction is caused in, and more ready discharge obtained for the
tail water.
BRIDGMAN RUSSELL.
BENJAMIN RUSSELL.