IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING SALT
Year: 1834

page_text: GARROD, of Davenham, in the County of Chester, Gentieinan,
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of January, in the fourth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Garrod, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority.
that I, the said William Garrod, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William Garrod, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING
SALT;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
William Garrod, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Garrod, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and

page_text: ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being
had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
In the manufacture of salt it is well known that the salt, as it becomes
crystallized, fulls to the bottom of the pan, and consequently covers all parts
thereof, from whence it is withdrawn at certain periods by raking it to the
sides of the pan; thus, during the time that the pan is at work there is
constantly an encreasing depth of salt deposited; and it is also well known that
that part of the pan which is directly neted on by the fire becomes very
quickly destroyed, owing to the mictal being subject to a very considerable
degree of heat which is not conveyed away by the brine, from its not coming
readily in contact with the metal, owing to the before-mentioned deposit of
the salt, which, becoming hard and compact, and being acted on by the
high degree of temperature of the fire, forms what is known in the trade as
pan scratch and pan scale. Now the object of my Invention is the placing a
boiler containing fresh water in the midst of a brine pan, and over that part of
the bottom thereof which is directly acted on by the fire in the furnace, whereby
the heat of the fire will act directly under such boiler, the heat passing to the
brine through the sides of such boiler, and whereby the salt, as it forms and falls
to the bottom of the pan, will not be directly acted on by the fire, but will fall
on parts of the pan not directly acted on by the fire. But in order that my
Invention may be most fully understood and carried into effect, I will describo
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a transverse section in elevation of three salt pans having by
improvements applied thereto; Figure 2 is a plan thereof, but only showing the
two ends of the pans, the length as well as the width of pans varying. A is
what I call the flue pan. 13. B, are two pans, which are heated by the steam
from the boiler C, which is placed in the midst of the pan A, and over the fire
or furnace thereof, ns will be fully described hereafter. C is the builer placed
over the furnace, and in the midst of the pan A. Under the pan A is a flue
leading from the furnace or fireplace D. By this means the most intense part
of the heat acts on the bottom of the boiler C, the remainder of the heat
passing through the flue under the pan A. It will be desirable here to
remark, that the boiler C is made four or five, or even more feet longer than
the fire bars in the furnace or fireplace D, with a view to take up as much of
the intense heat of the fire as possible prior to its coming to act on the

page_text: brine in the pan A. From the boiler C proceeds the steam pipe E to the
two pans B, and thus is the steam generated in the boiler continually flowing
under those pans, and heating the brine therein, by which means but little of
the heat generated from the fuel in the furnace D will be lost. F is the
eduction pipe, by which the steam passes off from under the pans B, there
being also pipes, not shown in the Drawing, by which the condensed steam is
permitted to flow from under the pans B. The boiler C is supplied with fresh
water by the pipe c, which has a cock actuated by a float, as shown in Figure 1.
By this means the boiler is kept constantly supplied to a proper level with
fresh water. And I would observe, that in using the words fresh water, I do
so in contradistinction to brine, and I employ the purest I can procure from
springs or other sources. On examining the Drawing it will be clearly seen
that the boiler C offers three surfaces to heat the brine contained in the pan A,
that is to say, the two sides and end, by which the brine in the pan A will
become beated, and the brine will be further heated by the flue from the
furnace D passing under the pan A, as above mentioned. By this arrangement
it will be evident that there will be no salt fall on that part of the salt pan
which is directly acted on by the fire, and thus will the beat generated in the
furnace D be very advantageously applied, for it will be evident that that part
of the heat which is not taken up by the brine in the pan A will pass off in
the form of steam and heat the brine in the pans B, B. To many salt pans
there are two or more furnaces or fireplaces, in which cases I apply a boiler
containing fresh water over each of those parts of the pan which are directly
acted on by such furnaces, and either cannot separate steam pipes to each, and
thence to pans B, B, as above described, or connect each of the boilers to one
steam pipe, and thence to the pans B, B.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into effect, I would have it understood that I
an aware that steam obtained from brine, as well as from fresh water, has
been before used in place of the direct action of the fire in evaporating brine
for the purpose of manufacturing salt; I do not, therefore, lay any claim
thereto. And I am also aware that double salt pans have been constructed,
having fresh water between the fire and the brine which was contained above
in the upper part of the pan; I do not, therefore, lay any claim to the
application of fresh water between the fire and the brine, but only the manner
of applying the boiler C; nor do I claim the boiler C in its separate condition.
But I would have it understood, that what I do claim as my Invention is, the
application of the boiler C containing fresh water over that part of the bottom
of the salt pan which is directly acted on by the fire in the furnace, such boiler

page_text: being in the midst of the brine in the salt pan, as above described, and for the
purpose of preventing the salt falling on the part of the pan which is directly
acted on by the heat of the fire, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Garrod, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered (on
parchment duly stamped), by the
within-named William Garrod, in
WILLIAM
L.S.
GARROD.
PARKER,
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1884. the aforesaid William Garrod came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute inade for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.