Year: 1888

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by ORLANDO S MORCAN, of Meadville, Crawford
County, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Gentleman ]
I, CHARLES AUBREY DAY, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, of 321, High
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
-
My invention is an improved machine for forming nuls out of wire
The main
object sought in the invention is to effect complete and rapid manufacture of such
nails by machine composed of very few parts In this improved machine the grip
and dies are carried upon plate which moves in guides upon a bed plate and the
grip and dics are operated by the change, in the relative position, between the plate,
carrying the grip and dies, and the bed plate The dies which sover the wire also
serve to upset the wire, and form the head of the next succeeding nul In addition
to these leading features are the details of construction and arrangement thereof all
as set forth hereinafter and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which-
Figure 1 19 a side elevation of the machine, a portion thereof being shown in
vertical section
Figure 2 is a face view of the clamping and cutting devices with some parts
omitted, and the supporting plate for sud devices
In this machine I employ clamping and cutting or pointing devices, so arranged
with relation to each other that they not only perform their separate functions of

page_text: holding and cutting or pointing the wire, but by their combined action serve the
purpose of heading mechanism
In these drawings a plate A has sliding connection with a plato B As shown and
in the general description B is station iry ind the plate A slides thereon, but the
conditions may be reversed as hereinafter explained Reciprocating sliding move-
ment is imparted to the plate A by means of shaft I Journalled in the plate B and
carrying in eccentric J which works in an opening in the plate A against bearings 12
on the edges thereof, the bearings and eccentric being preferably removable for
replacing them when worn or to change the stroke The forward end of the plate A
his rib which forms a thickened extension
q
In the fice of this is a groove a, the
sides of which are bevelled to receive and hold the slides D A hole in the rib
slightly enlarged, later illy, is fitted to receive the wire, and pass it to the gripper
In the groove a, are the clamping Jaws forming the faces of gripper, bearing
gainst the rear wall of the groove, ind on the opposite sides of the wire, as it emerges
from the hole in the rib They also extend laterally in a groove cut at right angles
to the groove a
The faces of the Jews have grooves 3 fitted to the wire
The jaws
are normally held slightly apart by means of strong spiral springs 4, in sockets in the
lateral extensions of the jaws The jaws are limited in their opening movement by
shoulders 13 of the transverse groovey, cut across the face of the thickened end of
the plate A to receive the jaw extension The rearward movement of the slide D is
limited by the pins 6, set in the plate A and extending into slots in the sides,
and they are held in their extreme outward position by springs 5, 5, of less
sti ength than springs 4, and set in the sochets in the ends of the slides, to bear
against the back of the jaws The described inequality of the springs permits
the jaws to separate as soon as the slides begin to retreat These slides and the
Jaws form a grip some form of which is an essential part of the machine
slides also serve to carry the cutter, pointer, and header This consists of a pair
of dies E, E, connected to the slides by pins 8 set in the slides and passing
through slots in the dies, with adjusting and lock nuts on their outer ends
slots permit springs b, connecting pins el c¹, set in the die and slide respectively, to
hold the front ends of the dies normally outward and the rear ends bear against studs 7
on adjusting screws in the slides, so that the dies move forward with the slides, but
may swing slightly in ind out from the side of the gripper jaws The connection of
the dies to the sides is practically a hinged connection with two adjustments, one
forward, and the other outw ird The slides are forced in, causing the gripper jaws
and the dies to perform their work by means of a wedging action, as the positions of
the plates A and B, rc relatively changed
The
The
A convenient simple mechanism for transmitting the direct motion of the plate and
converting it into later il motion in the dies or clamps is shown in the drawings On
the bed plate B is set on each side and in range with the projecting ends of the slide,
a stud or pin on which is a pressure 1oller F Those rollers serve as cam faces for
forcing inward the slides as the plate A moves forward Of course the effect is the
same whether the plate B be stationary and the plato A movable, or the reverse The
turning of the rollers on their supporting pins reduce the friction and facilitates the
movement of the plate, as well as prevents the wear of the periphery of the roller and
the bearing on the end of the slide The end of the slide bears against the fice of
the roller, and is preferably made adjustable by means of the screw, the head of which
projects into range with the roller, and the head of this screw which bears upon the
roller is slightly flattened in order to hold the slides in their different positions
long enough to complete the work hereinafter described An abutment G pre-
ferably fixed to the bed plite, in front of the dies is set in such position that the
advance of the plate A will bring the fice of the gripper jaws against the inner
faces of the dies to perform the operation of heiding and for this the inner or
cutting ends of the dies when swung outwardly to the limit of their movement,
which is the position when they advance to sever the wire are fir enough from
the face of the gripper jaws, to leave a small portion of the wire projecting from

page_text: the jaws this small portion being sufficient to form the head The parts are so
arranged that as the plate A advances, or as the relative position of the plates is
changed, the ends of the slides are brought into contact with the lateral projections
and forced inward to sever the wire, and the continued movement of the plate
immediately thereafter causes the dies to meet the abutment (or the abutment, the
dies) and force the dies against the end of the wire, still held by the gripping
Jaws (by reason of the elongated faces of the end of the slide, continuing to bear
on the roller Thus the same dies which severed the wire are also made to act
as headers and by reason of their inclined faces they also serve as pointers
The feeding mechanism is as follows and in providing this mechanism I aim
to utilize the movement of the plate or support A for the purpose of feeding the wire
Immediately in rear of the boss on the plate A u pivoted spring pawls e, e,
which bite the wire lying along the guide plate f They are pivoted so that the
backward movement of the plate will allow them to move freely along the wire,
but when said movement is reversed, the wire is engaged and held firmly in
position, to which it his been projected forwud In order to prevent the wire
being carried back to the limits of the backward strokes, second set of spring
pawls e, e and guide plate fire supported in a manner similar to those just
described, but upon an arm H which is in turn supported by the bed plate B
These pawls do not allow backward passage of the wire under them, and thus
when the plate has finished its bachwird stroke, the wire at the front end projects
sufficiently for the formation of a nul, and in the forward movement of the plite
this position of the wire is retained by the first set of pawls The clamps and
cutters are not released from the wire at the moment the plate begins to move back
for the reason that the pressure rollers bear for an appreciable time upon the
projecting heads of the adjusting screws, after the commencement of said bick-
ward movement It is necessary therefore to give the arm H carrying the list set of
pawls a chance to be pushed back by the stiffness of the short length of the wire
that is between the two sets of pawls until the clumps and cutters are opened
sufficiently to let the wire pass freely between them To accomplish this the arm H
is pivoted to the bed plite B it point 10 and at its opposite end is slotted to receive a
cap screw by which it is properly hold, and spring 11, returns the arm H to its
normal position after it has been pushed slightly back by the stiffness of the wire
In action the effect of this arrangement is similar to that which would be produced
were the clamps and cutters instantly released and the um H rigid und in fact the
arni H is stationary for portion of the backward stroke of the plate The arm H
with the second set of pawls may be positioned sufficient distance away from the
first set of pawls, so that the intervening portion of wire will be long enough to
have a Interal or bending movement without danger of rupture or injury in any way
from the first part of the backward movement of the plate, and when the clamps and
cutters are apart far enough, the spring of sud intervening wire will cause it to
strughten out ng un In this case the rm H could be stationary, or, if the usu il
str ughtoning device that the wire has to pass through after leaving the coil be used
to hold the wire firmly, the arm H could be entirely omitted It is only necessary
to have a holding grip equivalent to that on the arin H to hold the wire while the
plate retreats
The construction shown in the drawings has the advantage of wasting a minimum
amount of wire at the end of each coil Movement to plate is imparted from a
shaft I, figure 1 by means of eccentric J working within an opening in the plate and
ngainst suitable removable bearings as 12, 12 These, as also the eccentrics, may be
repliced by others to vary the stroke and consequently the length of the nails
It will be understood that the ordinary mechanical equivalents may be provided in
place of pressure rollers such as a stud or cam or incline and the pressure device may
be arranged so that the clamps and cutters will be released instantly when the bach-
ward movement of the plate begins, thus voiding the necessity of providing a
movable support to the second set of piwls

page_text: I do not wish to limit myself to the precise form of devices shown nor the exact
manner of operating them, as these may be changed without departing from the
fundamental principles of my invention, thus the iction of the pits might be reversed
with good results, the nul forming devices being carried by i fixed support, and the
actuiting devices being moved against them, all the elements remuning the same as
described above
The abutment which operates the cutters for the heading portion is slotted to permit
the passage of the completed nail
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1 In combination, two plates, one movable and the other fixed, cutting dies
supported from one of the said plates, and forcing faces carried upon the other plite
for causing the operation of said dies, in the changing of the position of the two
plates, and driving mechanism for the moving plate substantially as described
2 In combination, two plates, one movable and the other fixed, cutting dies
supported from one of said plates, forcing fices carried upon the other plate for
causing the operation of said dies in the changing of position of the two plates,
driving mechanisin for the moving plates, and feeding inechanism carried upon the
movable plate substantially as described
3 In combination, substantially as described, a bed plate and a supporting plate in
sliding connection therewith, driving mechanism for the sliding plate gripping Jaws
and cutting dies supported therefrom, ind forcing faces on the bed plate, for causing
the operation of both jaws and cutters, substantially as described
4 The combination in a machine for mthing nails from wire of a gripper for the
wire, dies having longitudinal and lateral movement, a plate carrying the sud gripper
and dies, and bed plate having forcing or contact faces for causing the longitudinal
movement of the dies and an abutinent to come in contact with the dies, with a
driving shaft and its connections all substantially as described
5 In combination, in a machine for making nuls from wire, a gupper, dies
arranged to move therewith, and to swing inward, forcing faces for causing the
longitudinal movement, and in abutment arranged to press the dies against the
gripper, with driving mechanism whereby the wire is held, severed, and the gripped
ond upset to form the head, all substantially as described
6 In combination plate B having an abutment, a plate A, in sliding cornection
with the plate B a gripper to hold the wire, und dies arranged to move with the
gupper, to sover the wire, said movement being caused by forcing faces on the plite B,
said dies being hinged and noi mally held outward from the gripper the gripper, face
and dies being in line with the abutment, and mechanism for changing the position
relatively of the plates, substantially as described
7 The combination substantially as described, of a bed plate and a plate in sliding
connection therewith, gripping jaws, forcing fices on the bed plate for causing the
gripping jaws to operate, a pair of dies moving with the gripping jaws and hinged to
swing inward theroto but held normally outward, and an abutment on the bed plite
ai ranged to press the dies against the fice of the jaws
8 In combination, the slides carried on the plate A the gripping jaws operated
thereby, the dios lunged to the slide with adjustable connections, the abutment to force
the dies against the jaws and the forcing faces for causing the slides to operate
substantially as described
9 In combination with the plates A and B, one movable longitudinally in relation
to the other, movible gripping jaws and dies carried on one plate movible pawls
carried on one plate and the holding gap for retaining the wire while the movible
paw's retreat substantially as described
10 In combination substantially as described a fixed and movable plate, one
carrying gripping dies connected to slides moving across the line of movement of the
plate, and rollers on the other plate arranged to press the slides inward

page_text: 11 In combination with the base and moving plate, a pair of slides, gripping jaws
operated thereby dies having bevelled ends carried by the slides, springs to hold the
dies away from the slides, and an abutment arranged to bear on the dies after they
have severed the wire and force them agunst the end held in the grip all substantially
as described
12 In combination with the plates A and B one movable longitudinally in relation
to the other, movable gripping jaws and dies carried on one plate, feeding pawls
carried on the movable plate and holding pawls supported independently of said
movable plate for retaining the wire while the feeding pawls retreat
13 In combination the plates A and B one movable in relation to the other,
movable gripping jaws and dies carried on one plate, feeding pawls carried on the
movable plate and holding pawls supported independently of said movable plate and
upon a movable support
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, WC,
Agents for the Applicant