AN IMPROVED SHELTER FOR CERTAIN OUTSIDE SEATS OF PASSENGER CARRIAGES
Year: 1884

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I, LEONARD JENNETT TODD, of Stoke Newington, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED
SHELTER FOR CERTAIN OUTSIDE SEATS OF PASSENGER CARRIAGES" to be as
follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION.
This very desirable combination of advantages I achieve by, firstly-prolonging
upwards a division between those seats which are placed back to back and then,
secondly-by causing this division to overhang on each side, over each of these
passenger seats.
This division is made close at the back, in order to prevent draughts from
passing through; and its two small sheltering roofs are watertight to resist rain.
In regard to Length. I make the division between the seats, and also each of
the small sheltering roofs, the full length of those longitudinal seats which are to
be protected.
In regard to Height. I prefer to make each of the two small sheltering roofs
merely as high as will allow passengers to comfortably sit down in below them.
Although of course they may be made higher if so desired.
In regard to Breadth. I make each of the small sheltering roofs as wide as
possible, without obstructing passengers from freely walking along the gangway or
footspace, which passes before the outside seats. If only high enough for sitting
under, the breadth of the roofs is then approximately that of the seats; but if the
roofs are made higher than this, their breadth may then be increased.
In regard to the Eads. The spaces below each of the two ends of the small
double roofs, I enclose in any suitable manner. Care being taken not to interfero
with the ready access to those seats which are being protected.

page_text: This very desirable combination of advantages I achieve by, firstly-prolonging
upwards a division between those seats which are placed back to back and then
secondly-by causing this division to overhang on each side, 'over each of these
passenger seats.
This division is made close at the back, in order to prevent draughts from
passing through; and its two small sheltering roofs are watertight to resist rain.
In regard to length. I make the division between the seats, and also each of the
small sheltering roofs, the full length of those longitudinal seats which are to be
protected. This total length of the Shelter, may be made up of two or more
shorter lengths, if so desired.
In regard to Height. I prefer to make each of the two small sheltering roofs,
merely as high as will allow passengers to comfortably sit down in below them.
Although of course they may be made higher if so desired.
In regard to Breadth. I make each of the small sheltering roofs as wide as
possible, without obstructing passengers from freely walking along the gangway or
footspace, which passes before the outside seats. If only high enough for sitting
under, the breadth of the roofs is then approximately that of the seats; but if the
roofs are made higher than this, their breadth may then be increased.
In regard to the Ends. The spaces below each of the two ends of the small
double roofs, I enclose in any suitable manner. Care being taken not to interfere
with the ready access to those seats which are being protected.
DRAWINGS OF INVENTION.
In order that the herein before stated description of my Invention may be better
and more easily understood. I have caused this my Complete Specification to ho

page_text: accompanied my provisional specification, and these provisional drawings there-
fore, need not be reproduced or further refered to, and may be considered as
entirely superseeded by the Complete Drawings, accompanying this my Complete
Specification.
Sheet 1, shows two cross sections of a double storied passenger carriage; fitted
with such an application of my improved shelter to the outside seats, as will
usually be found suitable and convenient. The dimensions that I have attached
to one of the cross sections, can of course be varied as desired, so as to suit any
other kind or size of double storied passenger carriage, than the merely illustrative
carriage that I have shown.
Sheet 2, shows a side view of a double storied passenger carriage, also fitted
with such an application of my improved shelter to the outside seats, as will
usually be found suitable and convenient
defined as follows:-
1. At all times it combines many of the advantages of both open and covered
seats.
2. At all times it allows the passengers to perfectly enjoy the open air; and yet
by the mere use of umbrellas they can through the cover of the shelter, become
very completely protected from the weather.
3. It does not cause any unpleasant draught around the heads of the passengers;
such as is caused by a large open awning or roof.
4. In cold weather, it forms such a considerable protection from the wind, that
many passengers then become enabled to travel outside, who under such circum-
stances would not otherwise do so.
5. It does not make a double storied passenger carriage look unsightly, or
topheavy; as a large awning does, when stretched at walking height over outside
Beats.
6. It adds so little to the ordinary height of a double storied passenger carriage,
that most existing sheds can easily accommodate it. While lofty awnings are for
this reason frequently impracticable.
7. When steam traction power is used, my improved shelter forms such a
considerable protection from fumes, or dust escaping from the engine, that the
outside seats are then more comfortable, and so better patronised by the public,
than is the case when these seats are entirely exposed.
8. It adds but little to the cost of a double storied passenger carriage.
9. It adds but little to the weight of a double storied passenger carriage.
10. This remarkable combination of advantages, renders the outside seats of a
double storied passenger carriage when thus fitted, so much more pleasant and
comfortable than is otherwise the case; that such sheltered seats become favoured
by the public, and more than usually well patronised.
11. And therefore my improved shelters will enable double storied passenger
carriages, to earn a larger sum per annum, than they are capable of doing with the
otherwise entirely exposed outside seats.

page_text: CLAIMS OF INVENTION.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. In connexion with double storied passenger carriages, and with those
longitudinal outside seats of such carriages as are placed back to back-The
construction and use of a division between such seats, which extends upwards and
then divides and overhangs each of such seats, at such a height as will be convenient
for sitting under. As herein before described, and as herein illustrated; or any
mere modification of the same.
Second. In connexion with double storied passenger carriages, and with those
longitudinal outside seats of such carriages as are placed back to back-The
construction and use of a Combination, consisting of such seats and narrow shelter
roofs, which roofs are formed by prolonging the seat backs upwards and over each
of such seats. As herein before described, and as herein illustrated; or any mere
modification of the same.
Third. In connexion with double storied passenger carriages, and with those
longitudinal outside seats of such carriages as are placed back to back-The
construction and use of the general arrangement of shelters to such seats. As
herein before described, and as herein illustrated; or any mere modification of the
same.