IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING CORES AND Manager CORES AND MOULDS FOR CASTING
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Law. Ironfounder. and James Bennet. Foundry
Manager, both of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING CORES AND
Manager, both of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING CORES AND
37
aled the 21st November 1865, and dated the 25th May 1865,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Law and James
Bennet at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents. with their Petition,
on the 25th May 1865.
We, DAVID LAW, Ironfounder, and JAMES BENNET. Foundry Manager, both
of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING
CORES AND MOULDS FOR CASTING," to be as follows, that is to say:---
This Invention relates to the making of cores and moulds for casting by
means of apparatus arranged to operate by a rolling action. whereby the
cores and moulds are made in a superior manner. and with rapidity and
accuracy.
The apparatus as arranged for making cores for pipes of small size.
according to one modification, comprises two pattern pulleys. which have
their peripheries each shaped concavely, so as to be in radial section a
counterpart of one-half of the core as sectioned transversely. The pulleys are
fixed on vertical spindles fitted with toothed wheels. which gear with a fixed
rack, or with two racks, and which cause the pulleys to turn as they are
moved horizontally along. A table or plate is arranged immediately below
the pulleys, and the core bar is set upon brackets at the ends, so as to be
[Price S 1

page_text: raised a little above the plate. The sand or mould material to form the core
is piled up on the plate and over the core bar, its quantity being measured, by
preference, by a box, with open top and bottom, which is placed on the plate,
and has the sand filled into it, being afterwards removed and leaving the
sand. The pulleys are then traversed along and they compress and roll the
sand or mould material into the required form upon the core bar. An air
hole is formed by a rod, which moves with the pulleys, being carried by a
bend, which passes through the sand in advance, the sand being closed over
by the following nip of the pulleys. Three or more pulleys may be used
instead of two, and the plate with the sand and core bar may be traversed
along whilst the pulleys turn about stationary axes. The core bar may be
made to rotate whilst the core is being formed on it.
In making a half mould for the outside of a pipe by similar means, a
single pattern pulley is used, and has a part of its periphery shaped con-
vexly, so as to he in radial section a counterpart of one-half of the pipe as
sectioned transversely. The pulley is arranged on a horizontal axis, and by
means of a toothed wheel and rack is made to turn whilst being moved hori-
zontally over a flask or mould box supplied with sand or mould material.
The pattern pulley in moving along compresses and rolls the sand into the
required form. The pattern pulley may be shaped with two or more half
patterns, so as to make two or more half moulds side by side in the same box.
The application of the improved arrangements is obviously not confined to
cylindrical articles, such as pipe cores and pipes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Pateni, filed
by the said David Law and James Bennet in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DAVID
LAW, Ironfounder, and JAMES BENNET, Foundry Manager. both of Glasgow.
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, send greeting.
3
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria. by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five. in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did. for Herself, Her heirs and successors. give and grant unto 113.
the said David Law and James Bennet, Her special licence that we, the
said David Law, and James Bennet, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said David Law and James Bennet, our

page_text: executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with. and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make. use. exercise. and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING
CORES AND MOULDS FOR CASTING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said David Law and James Bennet, our executors or administrators. by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe, and ascertain the nature of the said Invention.
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said David Law and James Bennet,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed. to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say: --
Our said Invention relates to the making of cores and moulds for casting
by means of apparatus arranged to operate by a rolling action, whereby the
cores and moulds are made in a superior manner. and with rapidity and
accuracy.
And in order that our said Invention and the manner of performing the
same may be properly understood, we have hereunto appended two Sheets of
explanatory Drawings to be herein-after referred to, and representing modi-
fications of apparatus embodying our improvements.
Figure 1 on Sheet 1 of the Drawings is a plan partly in horizontal section,
Figure 2 a side elevation. Figure 3 an end elevation. and Figure 4 a trans-
verse vertical section of a modification of our improved apparatus arranged
for making cores for pipes of small size.
The framing comprises two end frames or standards 1, forming supports to
a horizontal plate or table 2, which is bolted to them by end flanges. The
principal parts of the mechanism are two pattern pulleys 3, which have their
peripheries each shaped concavely. so as to be in radial section a counterpart
of one-half of the core as sectioned transversely. The pulleys work in
contact, their concavities combining at the point of contact to form a com-
plete circle corresponding to the cross section of the entire core: they are
fixed on vertical spindles 4. carried in blocks 5, arranged to slide on the edges
of the table 2, and held in contact therewith by means of a plate 6 crossing
under the table 2, and fixed to them at each side. The upper ends of the

page_text: spindles 4 are also connected by a transverse stay 7; toothed wheels 8, 9. are
fixed on the lower ends of the spindles 4. and these wheels gear with
stationary racks 10, 11, fixed to the end standards 1. and cause the pulleys 3
to turn as they are moved horizontally along. The top surface of the table
or plate 2 is immediately below the pattern pulleys . and the core bar 12
is fixed upon brackets 13 at the ends, so as to be raised a little above the
plate 2. The sand or mould material to form the core is piled up on the
plate 2 and over the core bar 12, its quantity being measured by a box
with open top and bottom, which is placed on the plate 2. as indicated by
dotted lines at 14, in Figure 4, and has the sand filled into it, being after-
wards removed and leaving the sand. The pattern pulleys 3 are then
traversed along, and they compress and roll the sand or mould material into
the required form upon the core bar 12. This traverse of the pattern
pulleys 3 is effected in a simple and convenient manner by means of a hori
zontal screw spindle 15. disposed longitudinally beneath the plate 2. and
working in a nut. or internally screwed block 16 fixed to the cross plate 6
attached to the sliding blocks 5. The screw spindle 15 is carried in bearings
in the end standards 1, and at one end it has fixed on it a pinion 17 in gear
with a spur wheel 18 on a short shaft 19 carried in a bracket 20, and
actuated by means of a hand wheel 21. Simultaneously with the rolling or
moulding of the outside of the core an air hole is formed by a rod 22. which
moves with the pulleys 3, being fixed to the top stay bar 7, and being formed
with a return bend, which passes through the sand in advance of the pulleys,
whilst the sand is closed over behind the bend by the following nip of the
pulleys.
The various details of the apparatus are susceptible of modification. whilst
still retaining the rolling action. Thus three or more patiern pulleys may be
used instead of two, such pulleys having their peripheries shaped in all
cases so as to combine together to the form of the core. The plate (2) with
the sand and core bar (12), may be traversed along whilst the pattern
pulleys (3) turn about stationary axes. A single rack may be used instead
of the two (10, 11) shown. or the two series of rack teeth may be formed
on opposite sides of a single central bar, whilst the spindles (4) of the wheels
may be slightly inclined. The core bar 12 may be made to rotate whilst the
core is being formed on it.
Figures and 6 on Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings are a
transverse vertical section and a side elevation of a modification of our
improved apparatus as adapted for making a balf mould for the outside of a
pipe. Many parts of this modification are the same as or correspond to parts

page_text: of the modification represented on Sheet 1 of the Drawings. and herein-
before described, and they are distinguished by the same reference numerals.
Only one pattern pulley 3 is required, and this is disposed vertically upon a
horizontal spindle 4, so as in rolling to act upon the sand or mould material
contained in a flask or half-mould box 23 placed beneath. The pattern
pulley 3 has a part of its periphery shaped convexly, so as to be in radial
section a counterpart of one-half of the pipe as sectioned transversely.
The
remaining portions of the pulley's periphery, with the exception of flanges on
the extreme edges, are shaped cylindrically to mould the top or parting
surface of the sand or mould material. The spindle 4 is carried in blocks 5,
which slide between longitudinal guide bars 24 fixed to the end standards 1,
and one of the blocks is screwed internally for the passage of the screw
shaft 15, by which it is actuated. The flask 23 is supported upon angular
rails 25, upon which it is moved io and from the moulding apparatus, and
these rails are laid so as to give the flask the inclination which it is considered
desirable to have during the casting process, and which is by preference
retained through all the operations; the moulding apparatus being made with
a corresponding inclination as shown in Figure 6. A cast-iron bench 26 is
fixed between the rails 25 to support the middle of the flask 23. and when the
flask is placed in position wedges are inserted between it and the bench 26,
whilst it is held accurately beneath the pattern pulley 3 by levers 27, which
are turned over, so as io cause eyes formed on their ends to pass upon studs
fixed in the ends of the flask for the purpose. The pattern pulley 3 may be
made with two or more half-patterns, so as to make two or more half-moulds
side by side in the same or in different boxes.
The application of our improved arrangements is obviously not confined to
cylindrical articles or to articles of uniform thickness throughout, in illus-
tration of which it may be pointed out that the pattern pulleys 3 shown on
Sheet of the Drawings, are represented as having the pattern surface
enlarged at a for the purpose of forming the faucet part of the core, whilst
the pattern pulley 3 on Sheet 2 is shown as formed with enlarged parts b Lo
form the faucet and the imprints for the ends of the core.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be efficiently performed, we have to state that we
lo not restrict ourselves to the precise details herein described and delineated,
but that what we believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
orming of cores and moulds for casting by means of apparatus arranged or

page_text: Law and Bennet's Improvements in Cores and Moulds.
combined, substantially as herein-before described, to operate with a rolling
action.
In witness whereof, 1, the said James Bennet, on behalf of the said
David Law and of myself, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT.
Patent Agent.,
Glasgow.
JAMES BENNET. (..S.)