IMPROVEMENTS IN CONVERTING OSCILLATING AND OTHER RECIPROCATING MOTION INTO REVOLVING MOTION
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Archer, of Holloway, in the County of Middlesex,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONVERTING OSCILLATING AND OTHER
RECIPROCATING MOTION INTO REVOLVING MOTION."
Sealed the 10th January 1879, and dated the 25th October 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Archer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th October 1878.
GEORGE ARCHER, of Holloway, in the County of Middlesex..
"
IMPROVEMENTS
IN CONVERTING OSCILLATING AND OTHER RECIPROCATING MOTION INTO REVOLVING
MOTION."
The object of this Invention is to convert reciprocating motion of any kind, say
straight reciprocating, or oscillating, or others into an even revolving motion without
the intervention of a crank or cranks, and with a very material reduction in fly-
wheel power or other means now used for counteracting irregularities arising from
dead centres or other causes.
For this purpose I connect the part having the reciprocating motion by means of
a tape, band, cord, belt rope, wire rope, or chain to a pulley loose on the shaft or
spindle which is to receive revolving motion, and I coil it around same one or more
turns. In one with the loose pulley I arrange a circular hollow disc or cylinder, and
against the inner rim of same 1 cause to act one or more, but by preference two or
three, equidistantly arranged friction levers, or stop or drag levers, jointed or flexibly
connected to a boss fixed on the shaft or spindle, their outer ends being in advance of
the radial directions from their joints, and being pressed against the inside of the rim.
by a spring or springs; or instead of pressing against the inside of the rim or
cylinder they may be made to grip the outside of saine. In connection with the
rim or cylinder there is a fusee box or case containing a spiral spring.

page_text: The action of the apparatus is as follows:-When the band or cord is pulled back,
the grip levers, being inclined forward, grip tightly against the inside of the rim,
carrying it back or round. On the return or forward stroke the fusee spring releases
the levers and draws the rim back; at the next back stroke the rim is pulled back
again, the grip.levers thereby gripping the rim at new points or parts of the rim,
and so on.
A. left-handed and a right-handed apparatus may be fitted to the same shaft or
spindle, which thereby, according to which apparatus is connected, may obtain
motion in either direction.
-By-applying two-such-apparatus both for working in the same direction I produce
a give-and-take motion without using any fusee spring appliances, and as applied
for instance to a sewing machine I do away with necessity for the fly wheel, or
nearly so.
This Invention may be applied to machinery and apparatus worked by human or
other power.
Any kind of treadle motion (up and down, swinging, or otherwise) may by this
Invention be converted into revolving motion without the use of a crank.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Archer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th April
1879.
GEORGE ARCHER, of Holloway, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CONVERTING OSCILLATING AND OTHER RECIPROCATING MOTION INTO REVOLVING
MOTION."
The object of this Invention is to convert reciprocating motion of any kind, say
straight reciprocating, or oscillating, or others into an even revolving motion without
the intervention of a crank or cranks, and with a very inaterial reduction in fly-
wheel power or other means now used for counteracting irregularities arising from
dead centres or other causes.
For this purpose I connect the part having the reciprocating motion by means of
a tape, band, cord, belt, rope, wire rope, or chain to a pulley loose on the shaft or
spindle which is to receive revolving motion, and I coil it around same one or more
times.
In one with the loose pulley I arrange a circular hollow disc or cylinder, and
against the inner rim of same I cause to act one or more, but by preference two or
three, equidistantly arranged friction levers, or stop or drag levers, jointed or flexibly
connected to a boss fixed on the shaft or spindle, their outer ends being in advance
of the radial directions from their joints and being pressed against the inside of the
rim by a spring or springs; or instead of pressing against the inside of the rim. or
cylinder they may be made to grip the outside of same. In connection with the
riu or cylinder there is a fusee box or case containing a spiral spring.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in which I prefer to carry the
Invention into effect.
Figure is a side, and Figure 2 is an end view of a pulley, shewing one arrange-
ment for carrying the Invention into effect. Figure 3 is a longitudinal, and Figure 4,
a vertical cross section of the same. Figure 5 is a longitudinal, and Figure 6 is a
vertical cross section of pulley, also constructed according to my Invention, shewing
a spring applied thereto.
Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in all the Figures.
a is the loose pulley; b is. the shaft; c, the boss keyed to the shaft b; the
pulley a works loose on the boss c; e is the circular hollow dise or cylinder which
may be grooved internally if desired or thought necessary; and f, f, f, are the
friction levers in the hollow disc or cylinder c. These levers are jointed to the boss c
or to a flange thereon; and g,g, g, are springs acting on the boss and the levers f,f,f.
h, Figures 5 and 6, shew the spring which is dispensed with in the arrangement
shewn at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4; the band on pulley a; and k is the band on
the cylinder e.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
When the band, or cord, or one of them is pulled, the grip levers f. f. f, being
inclined as shewn, grip tightly against the inside of the rim of the cylinder e, carrying
them round. On the return stroke the fusee spring h (when one is employed)
releases the levers f and draws the rim back; at the next stroke the rim is pulled
again, the grip levers thereby gripping the rim at new points or parts of the rim,
and so on.
A double, or reverse, or left-handed and right-handed apparatus, Figures 7 and 8,
may be fitted, similar to the one shewn at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, to the same shaft
or spindle, which thereby, according to which apparatus is connected, may obtain
motion in either direction.
By thus applying two such apparatus both for working in the same direction, I
produce a give-and-take motion without using any fusce spring appliances, and as
applied for instance to a sewing machine I do away with the necessity for the fly
wheel, or nearly so, and I am enabled to gain a great increase in speed of the

page_text: machine without the use of any additional parts or gear, the speed depending on
the size of the pulley e¹, Figure 7, or part on which the cord or strap k is made to
wind.
This Invention may be applied to machinery and apparatus worked by human or
other power.
-Any kind of treadle motion (up and down), swinging, or otherwise may by this
Invention be converted into revolving motion without the use of a crank, and the
speed at the same time regulated as required.
Figure 7 shews in front elevation, and Figure 8 in side elevation, these arrange-
_ments as applied to one arrangement of a sewing machine for driving the same.
land m are the treadles to which one end of the cords or bands k, l, are connected.
The other ends I have here shewn connected to small additional pulleys e¹, e¹, instead
-of-to-disc-e, -e-I-adopt-this-arrangement-where-speed-is-required,-but-where-power
is required I connect the cords or bands to the disc e, or a large pulley might take
the place of the small pulley c¹. The cords or bands i, i, are shewn connected at
one end to the pulleys a, and the other end to rollers n which are fast on the shaft 2,
so that when a treadle is depressed the band is unwound off the pulley e¹ and the
band is unwound off the roller n and on to the pulley a. While this takes placo
on one side its action on the other is just the reverse. Instead of employing the
two bands i, the same result may be obtained by having one cord, one end of which
is fastened to one pulley a and the other end to the other pulley a, and passing over
pulleys instead of on to the rollers n, so that when it is wound on to one of the
pulleys a it is off the other.
Figures 9 and 10 shew in front and side elevation respectively such an arrange-
ment where the cylinders as applied to a bicycle; and Figure 11, the same as
applied to a tricycle. and m are the treadles in cach case, and l, le, the bands or
cords connected thereto, their other ends being connected to the discs e, c. The
cord or band i, i, is attached to a pulley a on each side and passes over the guide
pulleys n, n. The action is the same as in the case of the sewing machine, and
consequently needs no further description here.
Similar arrangements may be applied to other machines, such as lathes, fret
cutters, where it is advisable to dispense with the use of cranks. Instead of bands
or cords connected to the cylinders, I may, but not so advantageously, use tootli
racks gearing with teeth on the cylinders.
;
Having now declared the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that I am aware that it has been before proposed
to employ for a similar object bands, cords, or the like passing round pulleys from
a treadle or treadles, the said give-and-take motion being produced by means of
springs or equivalents, but I lay no claim to any such arrangements; and I claim
as my improvements the converting oscillating and other reciprocating motion into
revolving motion, in and by the combination of straps or bands or other connections
as aforesaid with cylinders having friction, stop, or drag levers operating so as to
periodically grip the said cylinder or cylinders, and so as to cause the same to rotate
with or without (as the case may be) the shaft or shafts to be rotated, and so
producing a give-and-take motion, all substantially in the inanner and for the
purposes herein-before described, and illustrated with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Archer, have hereunto set my band and
seal, this 22nd day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundusd and costanter
GEORGE ARCHER. (L.S.)