IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES.
Year: 1875

page_text: I ETTERS PATENT to Thomas Whittaker, of Accrington, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, Joseph Duxbury, of the same Place,
Engineer, and John Clayton, of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER LIKE
ARTICLES.".
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Whittaker,
Joseph Duxbury, and John Clayton at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th January 1875.
We, THOMAS WHITTAKER, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, JOSEPH DUXBURY, of the same Place, Engineer, and JOHN
CLAYTON, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS. IN AND
APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER LIKE
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machinery or apparatus in which a brick,
tile, or like article is formed from semi-plastic clay by pressure between

page_text: two plungers or dies. Now the great obstacle to the use of such
machines is that bricks or like articles produced thereby are filled with
cracks or fissures, thus greatly reducing their strength and durability.
The said cracks or fissures aro produced through the time of greatest
pressure not being sufficiently long to expel all the air compressed in
the interstices of the moulded clay.
To obviate the above drawback I employ eccentric, elliptic, or other
differential gearing to cause the plungers to move at a high velocity
whilst they have little or no work to do, such velocity being exceedingly
small whilst the moulding is being finished and the air expelled.
The eccentric, elliptic, or other differential gearing is equally applicable
to machines in which both plungers or dies are driven from the samo
shaft, or in which each plunger or die is driven from a separate shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Whittaker, Joseph Duxbury, and John 1
Clayton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wo, THOMAS
WHITTAKER, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
JOSEPHI DUXBURY, of the same Place, Engineer, and JOHN CLAYTON, of
Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-eighth
year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Thomas Whittaker, Joseph Duxbury, and John
Clayton, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Whittaker, Joseph
Duxbury, and John Clayton, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Thomas Whittaker, Joseph Duxbury, and
John Clayton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercisc, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR MOULDING BRICKS,

page_text: TILES, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Thomas Whittaker, Joseph Duxbury, and John
Clayton, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should
-par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
bo filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Whittaker, Joseph
Duxbury, and John Clayton, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the accompanying of illustrativo Drawings, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to machinery or apparatus in which a brick,
tile, or like article is formed from semi-plastic clay by pressure between
two plungers or dies. Now the great obstacle to the use of such
machines is that bricks or like articles produced thereby are filled with
cracks or fissures, thus greatly reducing their strength and durability.
The said cracks or fissures are produced through the time of greatest
pressure not being sufficiently long to expel all the air compressed in
the interstices of the moulded clay.
To obviate the above drawback I employ eccentric, elliptic, or other
differential gearing to cause the plungers to movo, at a high velocity
3. whilst they have little or no work to do, such velocity being exceedingly
small whilst the moulding is being finished and the air expelled.
: The eccentric, elliptic, or other differential gearing is equally applicable
to machines in which both plungers or dies are driven from the same
shaft, or in which each plunger or dic is driven from a separate shaft.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The view in elevation on the Sheet of Drawings herewith shows a
brickmaking machino constructed in accordance with our Invention.
a-is-the-driving-shaft;-b-is-tho-driven shaft which operates the
upper plunger through the connecting rod. d; e, f,- are wheels acting
5 differentially, interposed between the driving shaft a and the driven
chaft h

page_text: It will be obvious that various other forms and arrangements of
wheels could be used to give the differential motion.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and par-
ticularized the same so that others will be enabled to carry our improve-
ments into effect, we claim, interposing differential gearing between the
driving and driven or plunger carrying shafts of brickmaking machines,
substantially as described and illustrated for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clayton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Seventh day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
In the presence of
JAMES JOHNSON,
Patent Office,
4, Clayton Squaro,
Liverpool.
JOHN CLAYTON. (L.S.)