IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE WRINGING OF HANKS IN DYEING AND OTHER OPERATIONS."AL SP
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sam Mason, junior, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, and James Conlong, of Radcliffe Bridge, in the same County, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE WRINGING
OF HANKS IN DYEING AND OTHER OPERATIONS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sam Mason and James
Conlong at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January
1879.
SAM MASON, junior, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and JAMES..
CONLONG, of Radcliffe Bridge, in the same County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS EMPLOYED IN THE WRINGING OF HANKS IN DYEING AND OTHER OPERA-
TIONS."
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Our Invention relates to the apparatus employed in the wringing of hanks in
'dyeing and sizing or other operations or processes, and consists more particularly
of improvements in the form of apparatus known as Nichol's" hank dyeing and
wringing machine. In the said machine each hank is looped by one end on to a
sliding hook or peg, and by the other end on to a rotating hook, which is caused
to rotate first in one direction to twist the hank, and then in the other direction
to untwist the same. To effect the reversal of the movements of the said rotating
hooks a complicated arrangement of overhead driving apparatus was employed,
the reversal being effected by means of cross and open straps. In the first place
we effect the said reversal by means of a segment bevil wheel, which gears alter-
nately with two bevil pinions, the teeth on the said wheel gearing first with one
of the said pinions and then with the other, and so on in alternation, so that a
reversing motion is obtained, although the said bevil wheel and its driving shaft
revolve continuously in the same direction. In the arrangement which we now
prefer we fix upon the driving shaft a worm which gears with a worm wheel,
which is secured to the aforesaid bevil wheel, or upon the same shaft as the said
bevil wheel. The bevil pinions are secured to a shaft which actuates all the
aforesaid revolving hooks. We form the said bevil wheel with less than half the
full complement of teeth, so that there is a dwell between the reversals, and we
arrange surfaces upon the said bevil wheel and pinions, which surfaces meet
[Price 6d1
1

page_text: together at the times when the said dwells are to occur, in order to prevent any
revolution of the shaft at such times. In the second place we employ skew-spur-
wheels to transmit the motion to the axles of the aforesaid revolving hooks. When
-employing the aforesaid reversing motion we fix skew-wheels upon the same shaft
as-the aforesaid bevil pinions, and cause the said skew-wheels to gear with other
skew-wheels fixed upon the axles of the revolving hooks. Any-required-number-of-
hooks can thus be driven by means of one shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Sam Mason and James Conlong in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th July 1879.
SAM MASON, junior, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and JAMES
CONLONG, of Radcliffe Bridge, in the same County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS EMPLOYED IN THE WRINGING OF HANKS IN DYEING AND OTHER OPERA-
TIONS."
* Our Invention relates to the apparatus employed in the wringing of hanks in
dyeing and sizing or other operations or processes, and consists more particularly
in improvements in the form of apparatus known as "Nichol's" hank dyeing and
wringing machine. In the said machine each hank is looped by one end on to a
sliding hook or peg, and by the other end on to a rotating hook, which is caused to
rotate first in one direction to twist the bank, and then in the other direction to
untwist the same. To effect the reversal of the movements of the said rotating
hooks a complicated arrangement of overhead driving apparatus was employed,
the reversal being effected by means of cross and open straps. In the first place
we effect the said reversal by means of a segment bevil-wheel, which gears alter-
nately with two bevil pinions, the teeth on the said wheel_gearing_first_with_one-
of the said pinions, and then with the other, and so on in alternation, so that a
reversing motion is obtained, although the said bevil-wheel and its driving shaft
revolve continuously in 'the same direction. In modifications we employ the said
segment bevil-wheel to obtain intermittent action of the said hooks without
reversal. In the second place we employ skew spur-wheels to transmit the motion
to the axles of the aforesaid revolving hooks.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood we have attached hereunto
two Sheets of Drawings made to a scale of about one inch to the foot, and marked
with letters of reference, corresponding marks indicating the same parts in the
various Figs. Referring to Sheet 1 of the said Drawings Fig. 1 is an end eleva-
tion and Fig. 2 a plan of a machine constructed in accordance with the first part
of our Invention. In the said Figs. A is a dye vat; B, B, are the rotating hooks;
and C, C, are the hanks. Each hook is formed with a shank which revolves in
bearings and is provided with a mitre wheel d which gears with a corresponding
wheel which is fixed on a shaft è, which actuates all the hooks. Upon the said
shaft are fixed two bevil wheels f and f₁, and upon a cross shaft which is carried

page_text: by brackets g à segment bevel wheel h is fitted to revolve. A front view of the
last named wheel is represented by Fig. 3, wherein it will be seen that the teeth
extend around about one third of the circumference of the wheel. A flanch i
projects from the outer circumference of the wheel and 'extends around about one
sixth of the said circumference. To the said wheel is secured a worm wheel j, with
which gears a worm which is fixed or formed upon a shaft k, upon which the fast
and loose driving pullies are fixed and mounted. When the shaft k is rotated by
means of a driving belt the wheel h is caused to rotate slowly as compared with
the speed of the shaft k. At each revolution 'of the wheel the pinions and f¹
are alternately acted upon, whereby the shaft e. is rotated alternately in one
direction and the other. Flats are formed on the bosses of the said pinions, and
the flanch i is so formed as that immediately the segment of teeth on the wheel k
has passed out of gear with either of the said pinions the said flanch moves into
contact with or opposition to the flat on such pinion, and thereby prevents the
rotation of the shaft e for a time. The length of the said flanch is so regulated as
that it leaves either pinion free to revolve at the time when the spur-segment
engages with the other pinion. 'One end of the bank in each case is held by the
hook B, and the other end by a pin m, which is fixed or formed upon a sliding
bar, to which is attached one end of a 'chain, which passes over a pulley n. A.
weight o is attached to the other end of the said chain, and by drawing the said
sliding bar outwards imparts the requisite tension to the bank. The machine is
or may be used in manner 'as we will now 'describe. The hanks from the vat are
placed on the hooks and pins during 'one of the intervals between the rotations of
the shaft e. When the spur segment engages with one of the pinions, say, for
example, with the pinion f, all the hanks are twisted simultaneously. When 'the
said segment has passed out of gear with the said pinion the flanch i holds the
same, whereby the twist is retained in the hanks for a short interval, during
which the operators 'may wipe off the superfluous dye. The spur segment now
engages with the pinion f1, whereby the lianks are untwisted. When the shaft ė
again ceases to rotate the hanks are removed, and are or may be replaced with
others. Figs. 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 2, illustrates the second part of our Invention,
and a modification in the application of the first part thereof. In this example
four dye vats are secured to a strong metal foundation framing p, to which the
standards, r, which sustain the shafts and gearing are bolted. Two shafts e¹, e²,
are used instead of the one shaft used in the first example. Each shaft is provided
with a bevel pinion, which is actuated by the spur-segmental bevel wheel ¹, which
is actuated by means of a worm and wheel and driving shaft, as in the first
example. Two hooks B are formed on one shaft, which is fitted to revolve in
bearings, and is provided with a skew spur wheels, which gears with a skew spur-
wheel t, which is fixed on the shaft e' or e², as the case may be. The spur seginent
in this example extends around about half of the circumference of the wheel h¹, so
that it acts upon the pinion f during one half of its revolution, and upon the
pinion f¹ during the other half, but as the said pinions are on different shafts the
revolution of the said shafts is always in the same direction.
A flanch prevents
the rotation of one pinion during the rotation of the other pinion, as in the previous
example. The shafts e¹ and e² communicate rotatory motions with intervals of rest
to the hooks B through the skew gearings, 8 and t. A hook u is fixed or formed
with a sliding shank, which is acted upon by a weight o', but in this example the
chain is arranged to gear with a pinion, which is fixed or formed on a shaft v,
upon which is also fixed a lever w. The shank of the kook w is squared or is
formed with a feather to prevent its rotation during the twisting of the hank, but
is so arranged as that when the twisting is completed the said square or feather is
drawn out of the slot or part with which it engages, so that the said hook is free
to rotate, the result being that the hank untwists to some extent without requiring
the reversal of the hook B. During the twisting of the hank the shaft vis rotated
by reason of the drawing in of the hook u until the lever w engages with a catch
lever, whereby the weight is prevented from drawing back the said hook when

page_text: .the bank untwists. The attendant is then at liberty to remove the hank and to
replace it with another during the dwell of the hook B. The attendant then
-presses-upon-the-catch-lever-x, whereby the lever wis released, and the weight
falls, and-by-so doing-shakes the bank to some extent. The catch lever x is formed
and arranged to be acted upon by the knee of the attendant so as to leave his
hands-free-to-handle-the-hanks. It will be seen that the two pairs of hooks act
alternately, one pair being at rest during the times when the other pair is rotating
to twist the hanks. We consider the machine illustrated in Sheet 1 to be.suitable-
for indigo dyeing, and the machine illustrated in Sheet 2 to be suitable for fancy
dyeing, but we do not confine ourselves to these uses so long as the said machines
We do not
or modifications thereof are used in the wringing or twisting of hanks.
confine ourselves to the exact arrangements illustrated in the Drawings so long as
the principal parts of our Invention are retained, nor do we confine ourselves to the
proportions of the bevel gearing as herein indicated.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of our said Invention and
the manner in which the same may be carried into effect, we would have it to be
understood that we claim as secured to us by the herein before mentioned and in
part recited Letters Patent,-
First. The combinations and arrangements of parts forming the machines, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth and indicated herein before, and in and
by the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The employment of segmental bevel wheels, each gearing alternately
with two bevel pinions in machines employed in the wringing or twisting of
hanks.
Thirdly. The segmental bevel wheel actuated by means of a worm and wheel and
gearing alternately with two bevel pinions, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth and indicated.
And, lastly. The employment of skew spur wheels, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth and indicated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Sam Mason, junior, and James Conlong, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
Signed and sealed by the said
Sam Mason, junior, and
James Conlong, in the pre-
sence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON.
Agent to the Patentee.
SAM MASON, J³. (L.S.)
JAMES CONLONG. (L.s).