Improvements in Vapour Lamps.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept.. 1894-Accepted, 26th Jan., 1895
COM DELE DI BUIFICATION.
Improvements in Vapour Lamps.
I, VIKTOR SIMONET, of 25, Untere Donaustrasse, Vienna II, in the Empire
of Austria, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to that class of lamps, in which hydrocarbon vapours are
burned with a non-illuminating flame of the highest possible temperature, and in
which this object is attained by mixing the vapours, before being burned, with a
certain portion of the oxygen necessary for their complete combustion, as is the
case in the well known Bunsen burner.
My invention has for its object, to intimately mix the combustible gas or vapour
with the atmospheric air, added instead of pure oxygen, before burning the gaseous
mixture, whereby the highest possible degree of heat is generated and the production
of smoke is effectually prevented.
According to my invention, I arrange a vertical spindle within the body of a
burner similar in general construction to a Bunsen burner, that is to say, con-
sisting of a tubular body into which the gas or vapour jet enters from below, air
being drawn in by this jet through lateral holes, while the mixture burns over
apertures formed in the top of the body. On this spindle above the air-inlets
I mount a wheel formed with blades like those of a screw propeller or a fan-blower.
The ascending gas or vapour current rotates this wheel and the revolving wheel
intimately mixes the gas or vapour with the air before the mixture escapes through
the top apertures.
In order as far as possible to reduce the friction created by the movement of
this screw wheel, the boss thereof is by preference adapted to slide along the
spindle which is secured in the top side of the tubular body and has a head
on its lower end so that the current of gas lifts the screw wheel and keeps it
floating.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can be
carried into effect by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which :-
-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a lamp for burning volatile hydrocarbons
provided with my improved burner and with Auer's incandescent mantle :
Figure 2 is a plan view of the screw wheel; and,
Figure 3 is a similar view of the burner.
The volatile hydrocarbon, placed in the reservoir a, is sucked up by the cotton
wick to the vaporizer c. The said vaporizer c contains a perforated tube d round
which a layer of asbestos in the form of a cord or fabric is wound. In order
to cause the evolution of the vapour to begin, heat must first be supplied from
the outside, to which end some spirit lighted in the cup g; later on, the
heat transmitted from the burner by conductivity to the retort c suffices for
the production of the required quantity of hydro-carbon vapour.
The vapour produced passes through the narrow conical passage c¹ into the
burner as soon as the needle valve ², which closes this passage is lowered.
To allow this to be done the said valve c³ is carried on a stem c³ guided in a
tube c' and extending through the hydrocarbon reservoir to the underside of the
The stem projects below through a stuffing box c³ and its screw-threaded
portion is engaged in the tapped hole of an arm c³. A button c8 allows the
stem c³ to be turned in either direction for closing or more or less opening
same.
077

page_text: the valve c², the stop pin c serving to limit the movement to the right and to
the left.
The jet of vapour entering the burner sucks in atmospheric air through the
apertures h¹ and the mixture of hydrocarbon vapour and air escapes at the top
through small holes h² or narrow slots h³, and being ignited, it burns with a
smokeless flame of high temperature.
The ascending current of gas strikes the blades ; of the screw wheel having
its boss adapted to slide along the spindle or pink, which is secured in a
nipple k, screwed into the top side of the burner h. The lower end of the pin k
is provided with a head k upon which the boss j¹ of the screw wheel rests when the
lamp is not burning. The current of vapour and air raises the screw wheel so that
it slides upward along the pin k and keeps it suspended, while, at the same time, it
imparts to the said wheel a rapid rotary movement, the effect being that the vapour
and the air are intimately mixed and an absolutely smokeless combustion at the
bighest possible temperature is obtained.
At m one of three radial pins is shown screwed into the burner / so as to be
distant from each other 120° such pins serving to support the gallery n on which
the glass chimney o rests. The socket n¹ to which the gallery n is soldered, fits
the top portion of the burner h, whereby the gallery is kept in concentric position.
The socket p slid over the socket n' carries the wire p', from which the mantle q is
.suspended.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :--
1. The combination with a passage h designed to receive gases or vapours to be
mixed together of a screw wheel j, j so arranged within the passage as to be rotated
by the current of gases or vapours, for the purpose of intimately mixing the same,
substantially as set forth.
2. A vapour burner characterized by a tubular body with closed top and
bottom ends, a central gas or vapour inlet c¹ in the bottom, air inlets in the
lower portion of the sides, delivery openings 2 or 3 in the top side and a rotary
screw wheelj, so pivotted within the top portion of the burner body as to have
its axis coinciding with that of the said body, substantially as hereinbefore
-described.
3. In a burner of the kind referred to in the second claiming clause, a pin k
extending downward from the top side of the burner body, the said pin having a
head formed on its lower end, and the boss j' of the screw wheel being free to
slide along the said pin, substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. In a vapour lamp, the combination with the hydrocarbon receptacle a of a
vaporizing chamber c having its sides lined with absorbent material and its inner
hollow space freely and directly communicating with the hollow space of the
receptacle, a wick b, extending downward from the lower end of the absorbent
lining, the said wick being made of an open-worked fabric or consisting of loose
threads, so that the free communication between the reservoir and the vaporizing
chamber cannot be interrupted, and a burner h arranged upon the vaporizing
chamber and communicating with the same through an orifice controlled by a
valve c³, substantially as described and for the purpose of allowing all vapours
evolved to pass onto the burner.
5. The improved vapour burner hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawing.
18th day of September 1994.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.