IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd, of
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR
THREAD."
Scaled the 23rd December 1873, and dated the 27th June 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Boyd and Thomas
Alexander Boyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 27th June 1873.
We, JOHN BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING
YARN OR THREAD," to be as follows, that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object to render winding machinery more
efficient, convenient, compact, and simple than as hitherto constructed,
and comprises improvements in various machines used for winding yarn
or thread in different ways of for different purposes.

page_text: In an arrangement of the improved machinery for winding on pirns,
the winding spindles are placed horizontally and transversely, those for
both sides of the machine or frame being carried by the same pair of rails
and the spindles of the two sets alternating with each other. The cups
The
or hollow shaping cones are also fixed on the same rails.
spindles are driven by bands from two cylinders situated longitudinally
below them so as to lead one side of each band into the same planc as
the other side is in at right angles to the spindle, whereby the end
pressure on the spindles caused by the ordinary twisted arrangement of
the bands is avoided. Each driving band acts on a long pulley fast on
the spindle and partaking of the end motion thereof as the pirn fills.
A bracket is hung loosely on the spindle, and has jointed to it a lover with
projections which slide on an inclined or curved adjustable guide bracket
and which can be weighted to suit the pressure desired to be put on the
pirn. As the pirn fills the weighted lever is carried up the incline and
at last reaches a short reversed incline or curve, whereupon the spindle
suddenly moves further back and disengages itself from the pirn. The
traversing thread guides are upon rocking bars placed along each side of
the machine, and actuated by the usual heart-cam or equivalent detail.
The arrangement may be modified by placing the two sets of spindles
separately on cach side of the machine in horizontal inclined or vertical
positions, or the two sets of spindles arranged conjointly as before
described may be driven by means of bevil wheels on a longitudinal
shaft, being also geared together in one or more sets by spur wheels,
whilst only every alternate or other more distant one has a bevil pinion
on it to be driven by a bevil wheel on the longitudinal shaft.
The inclines or curves described as for regulating the pressure and
disengagement of the spindles, may be on the levers or on the pieces.
hung loosely on the spindles, the other parts. being correspondingly
modified. Or the pressure may be put on the spindles by frictional
screw appliances of the kind herein-after described.
In a second arrangement which is for winding the yarn or thread into
cops to be withdrawn from off the spindles after being wound thercon
instead of on pirns, each spindle is placed vertically or nearly so, being
held by one bearing hinged to a fixed bracket, and by a foot-step bearing
hinged to a lever, the movement of which last carries the upper end of
the spindle from under the conical cup and outwards into a convenient
position for piccing or for doffing when the cop is completed.

page_text: The movement of the foot-stop lever also in one modification lowers
the pinion which is fast on the spindle out of gear from the driving,
wheel. The necessary pressure is put on the cop whilst being wound by
an efficient and conveniently adjustable frictional appliance acting by
means of a screw.
'
In a preferred modification of this appliance a screw thread is formed.
on the spindle, and works in an internal screw in a long cylindrical
piece, encircled by a band which is tightened by a weight spring, or
pinching screw. The screw on the spindle tends to force up the cylin-
drical piece in proportion as its rotation is resisted by the frictional band"
or equivalent, and the piece presses up the cop bottom which is a small
disc movable along the spindle, and is gradually forced down as the cop
forms. The foot-step lever is acted on by studs or projections on a hand
lever, and is curved in a peculiar manner to obtain the requisite move-
ments. The hand lever is also acted on by the cylindrical piece when
the cop is complete, and then makes the foot-step lever throw the parts
out of gear. The hand lever is then moved further down which partially"
or wholly withdraws the spindle down out of the cop and then locks the
parts out of gear. The subsequent raising of the hand lever places and
locks the parts in position for winding a fresh cop. The yarn or thread
passes over or under a detector lever which is counterbalanced or
weighted to suit the desired tension, and if the yarn or thread breaks or
fails, the lever or weight acts on a lever connected to the frictional
appliance, and makes it release the cylinder, which last descending, acts
on the hand lever and throws the parts out of gear. The detector lever
may be arranged in connection with a movable pinion or clutch on the
spindle, so that the adjusting of the detector lever in position with the.
yarn or thread holding it will move the pinion into gear. The spindles
may be arranged in horizontal or inclined positions if preferred.
In a third arrangement which is for winding two or more yarns or
threads on one bobbin for the purpose of what is known as "doubling,"
the bobbin is carried above a frictional driving pulley by a two-armed
holder jointed to the framing, and which is raised when required by the
action of a stud on a hand lever against a curved inclinic on the under
side of it. The hand lever stands nearly, vertical, and has jointed to it a
lever which is nearly horizontal. The detector guide hook for each yarn
or thread is on the front end of a long light lever, centered below the
frictional winding pulley, and continued up behind it, its back end
1
募

page_text: having connected to it a slip of thin metal or other material. When a
yarn or thread fails, the detector lever turns by its weight so as to enter
the slip between the bobbin and frictional pulley, and the motion of the
latter tends to draw it further in. This at once stops the driving of the
bobbin, whilst another part of the detector lever acts on a lateral pro-
jection on a cranked part of the horizontal lever, so as to depress the
front end of that lever into the way of an incline on the traverse bar,
and when this bar next moves in the right direction, the incline by
acting on the end of the horizontal lever pushes the hand lever back,
and thereby lifts the bobbin completely up. At the same time a
reversed incline on the bobbin holder moves the horizontal lever still
further back, so as to be quite clear of the incline on the traverse bar,
and the front ends of the detector levers are raised up into convenient
positions for being threaded. The drawing forward of the hand lever
rearranges the parts in position for winding. Each yarn or thread is by
preference paced by being passed round a small pulley, the rotation of
which is frictionally resisted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th December 1873.
.
· TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOHN BOYD,
and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
Thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto us, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander
Boyd, Her special licence that we, the said John Boyd and Thomas
Alexander Boyd, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,.

page_text: and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
i
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander
Boyd, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
Our said Invention has for its object to render winding machinery
more efficient, convenient, compact, and simple than as hitherto con-
structed, and comprises improvements in various machines used for
winding yarn or thread in different ways or for different purposes.
And in order that our said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood, we hereunto append two Sheets.
of explanatory Drawings to be herein-after referred to, and representing
modifications of our improved winding machinery. In these Drawings.
the same reference numerals are used to mark the same or like parts.
wherever they are repeated.
Figures 1 and 2 on Sheet 1 of the Drawings are clevations as at right
angles to each other of an arrangement of our improved machinery.
which is designed for winding yarn or thread upon pirns 1. In this
arrangement the winding spindles 2 are placed horizontally and
transversely, those for both sides of the machine or frame being carried.
by the same pair of horizontal longitudinal rails 3, which are fixed to.
end frames 4 (and to intermediate frames when the length of the
machine makes it necessary). The spindles 2 for the two sides alternate.
with each other, and the cups or hollow shaping cones 5 are formed at.
the outer ends of horizontal brackets 6 fixed to the rails 3. The
spindles 2 are driven by bands or cords 7 from two cylinders or long
drums 8, 9, placed longitudinally below them, so as to lead one side of

page_text: cach band 7 into the same plane as the other side is in at right angles
to the spindle 2, whereby the end pressure on the spindles caused by
the ordinary twisted arrangement of the bands is avoided. Each driving
band 7 acts on a long pulley 10, which is fast on the spindle 2, and
which partakes of the end motion thereof as the pirn fills. A bracket 11
is hung loosely on the spindle 2, and has jointed to it a lever 12 with
projections 13, which slide on an inclined or curved adjustable guide
bracket 14, and which can be weighted, as shown, to suit the pressure
desired to be put on the pirn. As the pirn 1 fills the weighted lever 12
is carried up the incline 14, and at last reaches a short reversed incline
or curve 15, whereupon, and through the action of such reversed
incline 15, the spindle 2 suddenly moves further back and disengages
itself from the pirn 1. The traversing thread guides 16 are upon rocking
bars or shafts 17 placed along each side of the machine and actuated by
the usual heart cam in a manner that will be casily understood from the
Drawings, the heart cam being indicated by red lines. The driving
details, as shown, are of the simplest kind, the spur gearing being
indicated by red pitch circles in Figure 1.
The arrangement may be modified by placing the two sets of spindles 2
separately on each side of the machine in horizontal, inclined, or vertical
positions; or the two sets of spindles 2 arranged conjointly as before
described may be driven as shown in plan in Figure 3, and in transverse
vertical section in Figure 4 by means of bevil wheels 18 on a longitudinal
shaft 19, being also geared together (in one or more sets) by spur
wheels 20, whilst only every alternate or other more distant one has a
bevil pinion 21 on it to be driven by a bevil wheel 18 on the longitudinal
shaft 19.
The inclines or curves 14, 15, hercin-before described as for regulating
the pressure and disengagement of the spindles 2 may be on the levers 12
or on the pieces or brackets 11 hung loosely on the spindles 2, the other
parts being correspondingly modified; or the pressure may be put on
the spindles 2 by frictional screw appliances of the kind herein-after
described.
Figure 5 on Sheet 2 of the Drawings is a sectional end elevation, and
Figure 6 is a side elevation of a second arrangement, which is designed
for winding the yarn or thread into cops 22 to be withdrawn from off
the spindles 2 after being wound. thereon instead of on pirns. In this
arrangement each spindle 2 is placed vertically or nearly so, being held

page_text: by one bearing 23 hinged by trunnions to a fixed bracket 24, and by a
footstep bearing 25 hinged to a lever 27.
In Figure 6 one of the brackets 24 is delineated in section to show
the upper bearing 23, which is within it, and over which an annular
cover is fixed. The footstep lever 27 is centered on a bracket 28 bolted
to a longitudinal rail 29 forming part of the framing, and also having
the upper bearing brackets 24 bolted to it. The movement of the
footstep lever 27 in a downward direction from the position in which it
is represented in Figure 5 carries the upper end of the spindle 2 from
under the conical cup 5 fixed to an upper longitudinal frame piece 30,
and moves it outwards into a convenient position for piccing or for
doffing when the cop is completed. The cop 22 is in the Figures shown
as about complete or full. The movement of the footstep lever 27 also
lowers the bevil pinion 31, which is fast on the spindle 2 out of gear
from the driving wheel 32. The necessary upward prossure is put on
the cop 22, whilst being wound by an efficient and conveniently
adjustable frictional appliance acting by means of a screw.
:
In the modification shown in Figures 5 and 6, and which we prefer, a
screw thread is formed on the spindle 2, as shown in the enlarged view,
Figure 7, and works in an internal screw formed in a long cylindrical
or tubular piece 33, encircled by. a band 34, which is tightened by a
weiglit 35, connected to it by a chain or cord led round a pulley. Tho
screw on the spindle 2 tends to force up the cylindrical piece 33 in
proportion as its rotation is resisted by the frictional band 34 or an
equivalent, and the piece 33 presses up the cop bottom 36, which is a
small disc movable along the spindle 2, and is gradually forced down as
the cop 22 forms. The cop bottom is shown separately and enlarged in
Figures 8 and 9. The footstep lever 27 is acted on by a hand lever 37,
through a slot in which it passes, and it is curved in the peculiar manner-
seen in Figure 5 in order to obtain the requisite movements. The hand
lever 37 is also acted on by the cylindrical friction piece 33, when the
cop 22 is complete, the bottom of the piece 33 encountering a projection
38 fixed on the side of the hand lever, and when this lever is turned
cither by hand or by the piece 33 in the direction to carry its lower end.
inwards it lets the footstep lever 27 descend, and thereby move the parts
out of gear. On the hand lever 37 being moved further down than it goes
of itself the action partially or wholly withdraws the spindle 2 down out.
of the cop 22 in consequence of the tubular friction picce 33 with the

page_text: cop bottom 36 bearing on the top of it being arrested by the bracket 24,
and then locks the parts out of gear by bringing the levers 37, 27, into
such relative positions as to prevent the movement of the latter 27.
The subsequent raising of the hand lever 37 places and locks the parts
in position for winding a fresh cop. The yarn or thread to be wound,
and which is shown by blue lines in the Drawing, is led over a pulley on
the end of a detector lever 39, which is counterbalanced by a rod 40 and
weight 41 to suit the desired tension; and if the yarn or thread breaks
or fails the weight 41 descends, and being connected by a chain or rod
passing over the pulley to the weight 35, which tightens the frictional
band 34, and which is smaller than it, lifts that weight, and thereby
slackens the friction band 34. This releases the cylinder 33, which
descending acts on the hand lever 37, and thereby causes the parts to be
thrown out of gear. The weighted rod 40 is also connected to a pacing|
lever 42, which rests on one of the ends of the bobbin 43, varying its
pressure thereon inversely with the tension of the yarn or thread and
consequent strain on the detector lever 39. The driving bevil wheels 32
are on longitudinal shafts driven in any convenient way, and the
traversing thread guides 16 are worked by an adaptation of the ordinary
heart-cam motion.
·
The detector lever (39) may be arranged in connection with a movable
pinion or clutch on the spindle (2) so that the adjusting of the detector
lever in position with the yarn or thread holding it will move the pinion
into gear. The spindles 2 may be arranged in horizontal or inclined
positions if preferred.
66
Figure 10 is a transverse vertical section showing a third arrangement
which is designed for winding two or more yarns or threads (shown by
blue lines) on one bobbin 44, for the purpose of what is known as
*doubling." In this arrangement cach bobbin 44 is carried above a
frictional driving pulley 45, by a two-armed holder 46, jointed or hinged
to a bracket 47, fixed on a longitudinal rail 48, forming part of the
framing; and this holder 46 is raised when required by the action of a
stud on a hand lever 49 against a curved incline formed on the under
side of the holder. The hand lever 49 has jointed to it a nearly hori-
zontal lever 50, which is also shown separately in plan in Fig. 11.
The detector guide hook 51 for each yarn or thread is on the front end
of a long light lever 52 centered below the frictional winding pulley 45
and continued up behind it, its back end 53 having connected to it a

page_text: slip 54 of thin metal or other material, indicated by dotted lines. When
a yarn or thread fails the corresponding detector lever 52 turns by its
weight so as to enter its slip 54 between the bobbin 44 and frictional
pulley 45, and the motion of the latter tends to draw it further in. This
at once stops the driving of the bobbin 44, whilst the back part 53 of
the detector lever acts on a lateral projection 55 on a cranked part of
the horizontal lever 50 so as to depress the front end of that lever into
the way of an incline 56 on the traverse bar 57, and the first time
this bar moves in the right direction after the depression of the lever 50
the incline 56 by acting on the end of that lever pushes the hand lever
49 backwards, and thereby lifts the bobbin 44 completely up. At the
same time a reversed incline 58 on the bobbin holder 46 causes the
horizontal lever 50 to be moved still further back so as to be quite clear
of the incline 56 on the traverse bar 57, whilst the front ends of the
detector levers 52 are raised up into convenient positions for being
threaded. The drawing forward of the hand lever 49 rearranges the
parts in position for winding. When the horizontal lever 50 is not used
the stud on the hand lever 49 is elongated so as when moved backwards
to act on the back ends 53 of the detector levers and turn up their front
ends 52.
A further improvement in doubling machinery is shown separately in
vertical section in Figure 12, and consists in "pacing" or applying
tension to each yarn or thread (shown by blue lines) by coiling it round
a small pulley 59, the rotation of which pulley is frictionally resisted in
any convenient way, as for example by means of a cord or band 60
arranged to embrace the spindle of the pulley and attached to a weight
61. Our object in pacing or applying a slight tension to the yarns or
threads in the manner described is to prevent "snarls" on the yarns or
threads from proceeding to the bobbin.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention and the manner
of performing the same, we have to state that we do not restrict our-
selves to the precise details herein described or delineated, but that
what we believe to be novel.and original, and claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,_..
1. The arranging or combining together of the parts of pirn winding
machines in the improved manner, substantially as herein-before
described with reference to Figures 1 to 4. of the accompanying
Drawings.
"

page_text: 2. The carrying of the spindles of both sides of the machine by the
same pair of rails as herein-before described.
3. The arranging and applying of gearing for driving the spindles of
both sides of the machine in the manner herein-before described with
reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
4. The combination consisting of the hanging bracket (11), lever (12),
and inclined guide (14), or their equivalents for regulating the longi-
tudinal movement and disengagement of the spindle (2), as hercin-before
described.
5. The arranging or combining together of the parts of cop winding 1
machines in the improved manner, substantially as hercin-before
described with reference to Figures 5 to 9 of the accompanying
Drawings.
6. The putting of the necessary pressure on the cop whilst being
wound by a frictional appliance acting by means of a screw, substantially ]
as hercin-before described.
7. The shaping, combining, or applying of the footstep and hand
lovers (27, 37), substantially as and for the purposes herein-before
described.
8. The arranging of the winding spindle (2) with its bevil pinion (31) 2
fast on it so as to shift its position for doffing or piccing, and take
the said pinion out of gear from the driving wheel (32), as hercin-before
described.
9. The constructing of doubling machines with a detector lever to
cach yarn or thread, each such lever being arranged so as on its yarn 2
or thread failing to insert a slip between the driving pulley and ·
bobbin, and thereby stop the motion of the latter, as herein-before
described.
.10. The arranging of the detector lever so as to put another lever in
the way of an incline on the traverse bar, and thereby cause the lifting -3
up of the bobbin, as herein-before described.
11. The combining of the bobbin holder and hand lever in the
improved manner hercin-before described.
12. The lifting up of the front ends of the detector levers by the
backward movement of the hand lever, as and for the purpose herein- 3
before described.
E

page_text: 13. The applying of a frictionally regulated pulley (59) to each yarn
or thread of the doubling machine in the improved manner and for the
purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Alexander Boyd, on
behalf of the said John Boyd and myself, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twenty-fifth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
THOS. A. BOYD. (L.S.)