IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING WHITE LEAD
Year: 1884

page_text: I JAMES KAY of 120 Spring Street, Bury in the County of Lancaster Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS
OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING WHITE LEAD to be as follows :-
The object of my improvements is to simplify the manufacture of white lead,
and to lessen the cost of production.
In performing my Invention the wicket lead is taken from the Stack House or
Houses and placed on an endless belt and carried to the Breaker or Crushing Mill.
One or more pairs of rollers working horizontally with scraper attached to each
roller may be employed, but I use by preference three pairs of rollers.
Instead of using a Breaker or Crushing Mill as described above an ordinary
Grinding Mill may be used with granite or cast iron rollers working on granite
slab or working in cast iron dish or basin, but I prefer the Breaker or Crushing
Mill with three pairs of rollers working horizontally.
The lead after having been broken or crushed in the Mill passes into the upper
end of a revolving perforated cylinder or screen working at an angle and open at
both ends, fixed into this revolving perforated cylinder or screen are a number of
spikes or projections so distributed as to prevent the lead from being carried
too rapidly through the revolving perforated cylinder or screen and to act as
breakers.
The blue lead from the revolving perforated cylinder or screen working at an
angle is shot out at the lower end, and if not thoroughly screened may fall into a
second revolving perforated cylinder or screen working at an angle similar to the
first, and undergo a process like that already described.
The blue lead after having been thoroughly screened is shot out at the lower
end of the revolving perforated cylinder or screen into receiver for removal to
furnace.
The dust or powdered lead after passing through the perforations in the
revolving cylinder or screen working at an angle falls into a receiver and from
the receiver into a hopper with feed roller and from thence to the rollers of
the Grinding Machine, one or more pairs of grinding rollers may be employed, but
I use by preference three pairs of grinding rollers; in each pair of rollers in the
Grinding Machine each roller is made to slide horizontally in the opposite direction
to the other roller thus giving greater grinding power and keeping the rollers in
the machine true one with another.

page_text: The dust or powdered lead after having passed through the nip of the first pair
of grinding rollers is scraped off the rollers and falls into the nip of the second pair
and so on until thoroughly ground when it falls into a receiver and is ready for
removal to the packing room.
Instead of using a revolving perforated cylinder or cylinders working at an
angle, a revolving perforated conical cylinder or cylinders may be employed with
spikes or projections as above described the lead would pass from the Breaker or
Crushing Mill into the small end of the perforated conical cylinder or screen, the
blue lead when screened would pass out at the large end and the dust or powdered
lead fall through the perforations into receiver below.
The different machines as described are cased with wood or other suitable
material to prevent the dust or powdered lead from flying about.

page_text: I, JAMES KAY 120 Spring Street, Bury in the County of Lancaster Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS
OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING WHITE LEAD and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the process of and apparatus for
manufacturing white lead but in order to enable my improvements to be better
understood, I will proceed to more particularly describe the same by reference to
the accompanying Drawings in which
Drawing 1 Figure 1 represents side elevation of Breaker or Crushing Mill with
portion of endless belt.
Figure 2 sectional elevation of perforated cylinder or screen and
Figure 3 front elevation of Grinding Mill with feeding hopper and roller.
Drawing 2, figure 1 represents side elevation of grinding mill with sectional
view of feeding hopper and roller; figure 2 sectional elevation of revolving
perforated conical cylinder or screen and figure 3 elevation of ordinary grinding
mill.
In performing my invention the wicket lead is taken from the stack house and
placed on endless belt A drawing 1, figure 1, driven by pulleys or wheels and
carried to the breaker or crushing mill B, this mill having three pairs of rollers C.
working horizontally with scrapers D attached, nip being given to rollers C by
levers and weights E; the lead after having been broken or crushed in mill B falls
into the upper end of revolving perforated cylinder or screen F figure 2 working at
an angle and open at both ends, fixed into this cylinder or screen are a number
of spikes or projections so distributed as to prevent the lead from being carried too
rapidly through the cylinder F and to act as breakers, the blue lead from the
revolving perforated cylinder or screen F is shot out at the lower end, and if not
thoroughly screened may fall into a second cylinder or screen similar to the first
and undergo a process like that already described, the blue lead after having been
thoroughly screened is shot out at the lower end of cylinder or screen F into
receiver G figure 2 for removal to furnace, the, dust or powdered lead after passing
through the perforations in revolving cylinder or screen F falls into feeding
hopper H figure 3 with roller, and from thence to the grinding machine I figure 3,
one or more pairs of grinding rollers being employed, but I use by preference three
pairs of rollers J with scrapers K attached, in each pair of rollers each roller is
made to slide horizontally in the opposite direction to the other roller by means of
cams L working into grooved pulley M giving greater grinding power and keeping
the rollers in the machine true one with another, motion being given to rollers J
by spur wheels N, the centres of rollers J are carried on inclined plane of cheeks O
giving a certain amount of nip from the dead weight of the rollers J, in addition
to this I fix to each centre spiral springs P drawing 2 figure 1 set up by screws Q
so as to be able to regulate the amount of nip on rollers J, or the nip may be got
by employing levers and weights.
The dust or powdered lead after having passed through the nip of the first pair
of rollers J is scraped off by scrapers K and falls into the nip of the second pair and
so on until thoroughly ground when it falls into receiver R and is ready for
removal to packing room.

page_text: Instead of using a revolving perforated cylinder or cylinders working at an
angle a revolving perforated conical cylinder or cylinders may be employed with
spikes or projections as before described the lead would fall from the breaker or
crushing mill B into the small end of conical cylinder or screen S drawing 2
figure 2, the blue lead when screened would fall out at the large end, and the dust
or powdered lead fall through the perforations into feeding hopper H figure 3 as
before described.
Instead of using a breaker or crushing mill B as before described an ordinary
grinding mill T drawing 2 figure 3 may be used with granite or cast iron rollers
working on granite slab or in cast iron dish or basin, but I prefer the breaker or
crushing mill B drawing 1 figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly the use of a breaker or crushing mill for breaking and crushing the
wicket lead from the stacks in a dry state as herein described.
Secondly the use of a revolving perforated cylinder or screen set at an angle, or
revolving perforated conical cylinder or screen fitted with spikes or projections for
separating the white or powdered lead from the blue in a dry state as herein
described.
'
Thirdly the use of a grinding mill with feeding hopper as herein described for
grinding the white or powdered lead in a dry state.
Dated this 4th day of October 1884.