Improvements in or relating to Chimneys and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar.. 1894
Complete Specification Left, 6th Dec., 1894--Accepted, 12th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Chimneys and the like.
I, JOHN CHADWICK of Petersfield, in the County of Hants, Architect, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :→
This invention relates to means for preventing down-draughts in chimneys
and the like and is intended to replace the more or less complicated cowls now in
use for this purpose. My invention consists in forming one or more but preferably
two openings or passages in the chimney stack. Where two passages are formed
in the stack one is at a lower level and preferably but not necessarily on the
opposite side of the stack to the other; these openings or passages may be louvered
or not as desired. The interior of the stack may be provided with a metal frame-
work with one or more cross-bars upon which the deflectors may be pivoted or these
deflectors may if preferred be pivoted hinged or otherwise secured in the chimney
stack. The passages sometimes allow the admission of air and at others the escape
of the down draught.
The action is as follows:-
:-
Air entering the passages will be deflected upwards by the deflectors and a
draught will thus be created in the chimney facilitating the escape of the smoke.
In the event of a downward rush of air a portion of the air will be deflected by
the first deflector and will escape through the upper opening or passage in the stack.
Any of the air escaping from the first deflector and passing downward will be
caught by the second deflector which may overlap the first and will escape through
the lower and opposite opening and a down draught in the chimney itself is thus
prevented.
When the downward rush of air ceases in the stack external air will again re-enter
the passages and create an upward draught.
I may employ a specially constructed air brick, made of metal or other suitable
material, in the opening; one side would be louvered and the other side would be
a fret or pierced with any desired pattern.
Dated this 6th day of March 1894..
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Chimneys and the like.
I, JOHN CHADWICK of Petersfield, in the County of Hants, Architect do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to means for preventing down-draughts in chimneys and
the like and is intended to replace the more or less complicated cowls now in use
for this nurnose

page_text: The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figure 1 is a perspective view of part of the apparatus and
Figure 2 a view partly in section and partly in elevation of a chimney with my
apparatus applied thereto.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The invention as shown in the drawings consists in forming one or more but
preferably two openings or passages A¹ A³ in the chimney stack A. Where two
passages are formed in the stack as shown one (A2) is at a lower level than and
preferably, but not necessarily on the opposite side of the stack to the other (A');
these openings or passages may be louvered as indicated at A³ Figure 2; or not as
desired. The interior of the stack A may be provided with a metal frame-
work B B with one or more fixed cross-bars upon which the deflectors C C' may be
pivotted or these deflectors as shown in the drawing may be secured directly to the
cross bars D which under this construction are themselves pivotted in the
frame B B or the deflectors may, if preferred, be pivotted hinged or otherwise
secured in the chimney stack A, whatever this arrangement however may be the
pivotal point of each deflector is at a slight distance away from the adjacent wall
of the stack so that should any dust or soot collect on the upper side of the deflector
said dust will fall down the chimney when the deflector at the next chimney-
sweeping operation is caused to assume the position in which it is shown in dotted
lines in Figure 2 as will be well understood. The passages A'A' sometimes allow the
admission of air and at others the escape of the down draught. When the deflectors
are mounted on a metal frame-work such as B B I may form the latter with
outwardly turned claws B2 to engage with the brickwork as shown in Figure 2 and
if desired the length of the framework may be adjustable so as to admit of the
position of the deflectors C C₁ in the frame work being adjusted in relation to
the position of the claws B2 to suit the position of the openings A¹ A2 in.the
· stack.
The action is as follows:
Air entering the passages A¹ A2 will be deflected upwards by the deflectors C C+
and a draught will thus be created in the chimney A facilitating the escape of the
· smoke.
In the event of a downward rush of air a portion of the air will be deflected by
the deflector C and will escape through the upper opening or passage A' in the
stack A. Any of the air escaping from the deflector C and passing downward will
be caught by the deflector C₁ which may overlap the first and will escape through
the lower and opposite opening A2 and a down draught in the chimney A. itself is
thus prevented.
When the downward rush of air ceases in the stack external air will again re-enter
the passages A' A2, and create an upward draught.
I may employ a specially constructed air brick, made of metal or other suitable
material, in the openings A1 A2, both sides would be louvered one as indicated at A³
obliquely so as to direct the air upward and the other horizontally as at At. This
brick may be in two parts, or two separate bricks may be used.
The before described apparatus constitutes no obstacle to the sweeping of the
stack the deflectors C C₁ being moved outwards into the dotted-line position shown
in Figure 2 when the brush is pushed past them and falling into their normal
position by their own weight as soon as the brush is withdrawn.
It will be obvious that instead of employing two openings A' A2 and
deflectors C C₁ I may use one or any other desired number of them, and that the
deflectors need not be of the precise form shown in the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The combination with an opening through the wall of a chimney or chimney

page_text: stack of a pivotted deflector such as C located adjacent to the inner end of said
opening substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. The combination with an opening through the wall of a chimney or stack and
a pivotted deflector such as C located adjacent to the inner end of said opening of
a second and similar arrangement of opening and deflector at a lower or higher and
opposite part of the stack substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
3. The combination with an opening through the wall of a chimney or stack and
a pivotted deflector such as C located adjacent to the inner end of said opening of
a louvered brick or device fitted in the opening substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. The complete device for application to a chimney or stack for preventing
down draught therein substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 1 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of December 1801
JOHN CHADWICK.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.