IMPROVE- MENTS IN WINDING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS, IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN, AND IN THE MODE OF DRIVING THE SAME, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE COMMUNICATING OF ROTARY MOTION TO OTHER MACHINERY
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WINDING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS, IN THE
MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN, AND IN THE MODE OF DRIVING THE SAME, PARTS
OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE COMMUNICATING OF ROTARY
MOTION TO OTHER MACHINERY."-A communication from J. B. Heiller,
of Mulhouse.
Sealed the 30th June 1857, and dated the 3rd January 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd January 1857.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS, IN THE
MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN, AND IN THE MODE OF DRIVING THE SAME, PARTS OF
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE COMMUNICATING OF ROTARY MOTION
TO OTHER MACHINERY," (communicated to me by J. B. Heiller, of Mulhouse, a
foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference, firstly, to the whorls, wharves, or pullies of
the spindles of bobbins or fliers of throstle frames, or other machinery or

page_text: apparatus for twisting, winding, and doubling fibrous materials, and consists in
forming such whorls or wharves conical, and in passing the driving band or
cord used to work them once, twice, or thrice round their peripheries.
The Invention has reference, secondly, to the drums employed to actuate
such bobbin spindles, and consists in forming that part of the drum round
which the cord or band is passed of a conical shape, and in winding the driving
band twice, thrice, or a greater number of times round such conical periphery.
The Invention, thirdly, consists in winding yarn (or other material to be
twisted, wound, or doubled) twice or a greater number of times round the
upper pressure cylinder of throstle frames, or other winding or twisting machi-
nery, before delivering the same to the bobbins or fliers; and further, in
constructing such upper pressure cylinders of a number of separate rollers,
each having toothed gearing, by means of which the rollers are thrown in and
out of gear, with fixed teeth on the lower cylinder.
The Invention further consists in doubling yarn or other material, or giving
it the second twist in a dry state, and in carrying the threads or fibres in an
oblique direction from the pressure cylinder to the bobbins or fliers.
The Invention may also be applied to other frames and to machinery
generally, in so far as regards the passing of a driving band or cord twice or a
greater number of times round the peripheries of rollers, drums, whorls,
pulleys, or spindles, and the forming of such peripheries (or the parts thereof
round which the driving cord or band is passed) of a conical shape.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Broomán in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time

page_text: and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an.
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS
MATERIALS, IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN, AND IN THE MOLE OF DRIVING
THE SAME, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE COMMUNICATING
OF ROTARY MOTION TO OTHER MACHINERY," (a communication from J. B. Heiller,
of Mulhouse), upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard.
Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman; do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by tho
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed (that is to say):-
This Invention has reference, firstly, to the whorls, wharves, or pulleys of
the spindles of bobbins or fliers of throstle frames, or other machinery or
apparatus, for twisting, winding, and doubling fibrous materials, and consists
in forming such whorls or wharves conical, or of double conical frustrums, and
in passing the driving band or cord once, twice, or thrice completely round
their peripheries.
The Invention has reference, secondly, to the drums employed to actuate
such bobbin or flier spindles, and consists in forming the surface of the drum
on which the driving band or cord is wrapped of the same conical or double
conical form as the pulleys of the spindles above referred to, and in winding
the driving band or cord twice, thrice, or a greater number of times round
their surfaces. The object of this arrangement is to prevent the slipping of
the driving cord or band, and the consequent loss of time, irregularity of
motion, and deterioration of the manufactures attendant on the method
of driving these spindles hitherto in use.
The Invention, thirdly, consists in winding yarn or other material to be
twisted round or doubled twice or a greater number of times round the upper
pressure cylinders of throstle frames, or other winding or twisting machinery,
before delivering the same to the bobbins or fliers; and further, in construct-

page_text: ing such upper pressure cylinders of a number of separate rollers, each having
toothed gearing, by means of which the rollers are thrown in and out of gear,
with fixed teeth on the lower cylinder.
The Invention further consists in doubling yarn or other material, or giving
it the second twist in a dry state, and in carrying the threads or fibres in an
oblique direction from the pressure cylinder to the bobbins or fliers.
The Invention may also be applied to other frames and to machinery
generally, in so far as regards the passing of a driving band or cord twice or a
greater number, of times completely round the peripheries of rollers, drums,
whorls, pulleys, or spindles, and the forming of such peripheries, or the parts
thereof, round which the band or cord is wound, of the shape herein-before
described.
The Drawings hereunto annexed exhibit in detail the method of carrying
the present Invention into practice.
Figure 1 represents an end view, partly in section, of a throstle frame with
this Invention applied to it, having the arrangement for the first twisting
process on the left, and that for the doubling or second process on the right.
Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal elevation of a part of the same machine.
Fig. 3 is a full size view of the pulley a, mounted on a spindle b, and formed
according to the present Invention. The upper and lower portions of the
pulley a are made conical and symmetrical, and instead of forming an angle at
the middle of the pulley, the two similar and inverse portions of the pulley are
joined, so as to form a concave surface of revolution. The object of this con-
cavity is to prevent the driving band or cord c, which passes any convenient or
required number of times round the pulley, from travelling in the direction of
the spindle, and so escaping from the pulley and from fulfilling its duty.
It is in this form of pulley, combined with the plurality of turns of the
driving band or cord, that the first part of the present Invention consists. In
the machine represented by the Drawing, Figures 1 & 2, the same system is
applied in the drum f; the cord g, which embraces only a part of the circum-
ference of the pulley d, has two or three turns round the hollow pulley e of
the drum f, thus obviating all slipping and irregular motion. Each driving
cord h, Figure 1, which extends from the drum f to any one of the bobbin
pulleys a, on the right or left of the machine, has several turns round this last-
mentioned pulley.
The system for the first process of twisting, represented on the left of
Figure 1, is arranged as follows:-The yarn or thread i, Figure 1, passes from
cach horizontal bobbin j through the bath 1, over the rod m, and then twice

page_text: round the upper cylinder n; as shewn in Figure 4. This same thread or yarn next
passes over the lower cylinder o, and then over the piece p, which is of leather,
felt, or cloth, whence it proceeds to the bobbins q, on which it is wound. The
bobbins g' are arranged vertically preparatory to the process of doubling, or to
the second twisting process, which is illustrated on the right of Figure 1; the
threads or yarns i¹ from two of these bobbins join each other at r, the double
thread then passes over the rods and three times round the upper cylinder t,
as indicated in Figure 5, and then proceeds in the ordinary. manner, passing
over the lower cylinder u to the bobbin x. The upper cylinders n and t of the
two systems are formed in a series of independent sections, mounted on the
same axle, furnished with toothed wheels, which gear into corresponding toothed
wheels fixed on the lower rollers or cylinders o and u. From this disposition
it results, that if the driving cord of one of the spindles break, the section
of the upper cylinder to which the disabled spindle belongs will cease to act,
and the thread will not be drawn uselessly from the bobbin j.
It will be observed, from Figure 2, that the threads or yarns pass in an
oblique direction from the upper cylinders n and t to the bobbins q and x, an
arrangement tending to prevent them from getting entangled one with another.
It has already been stated that the doubling process is performed with the
material in a dry condition. It may be added that this method has the
advantages of giving a product smoother and less shaggy, and of keeping the
machinery in a cleaner condition.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the forming of the whorls, wharves, or pulleys of the spindles of
bobbins or fliers of throstle frames, or other similar machinery, with conical or
double conical surfaces, and the passing of the driving band or cord once,
twice, or three, or more times completely round their peripheries, as herein-
before described, and represented in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Second, the forming of the drums employed to actuate bobbin or flier
spindles, and other similar drums, with conical or double conical surfaces, and
the passing of the driving band or cord once, twice, or three or more times
completely round their peripheries, as herein-before described, and represented
in the Drawings hereunto annexed:
Third, the winding of yarn or other materials to be twisted, wound, or
doubled once, twice, or three or more times round the upper pressure cylinders
of throstle frames, or other similar machines, before delivering the same to the
bobbins or fliers, and the constructing of such upper pressure cylinders of a

page_text: number of separate rollers, each having toothed gearing, by means of which
the rollers are thrown in and out of gear, with fixed teeth on the lower
cylinder, as herein-before described, and represented in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
Fourth, the doubling of yarn or other materials, or the giving of it the
second twist in a dry state, and the carrying of the threads or fibres in an
oblique direction from the pressure cylinders to the bobbins or fliers; as herein-
before described, and represented in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Fifth, the employment in machinery of any kind of the methods herein-
before described, in so far as regards the passing of a driving band or cord
twice or three or more times completely around the peripheries of rollers,
drums, whorls, pulleys, or spindles, and the forming of such peripheries, or the
parts thereof, round which the band or cord is wound, of the shape herein-
before described and represented in the Drawings hereunto ánnexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Second day of July, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)