Improvements in Bottles to Prevent them being Refilled.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bottles to Prevent them being Refilled.
We, FRANCIS LUCIEN COOK, of 205, Quincy Street, in Springfield, State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, Manufacturer, and ALFRED BIRNIE, of
7, Pearl Street, in said Springfield, Massachusetts, United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-:
The object of this invention is to provide in a simple way valve constructions
and guard devices adapted in the neck of the bottle to prevent refilling of the
bottle.
The bottle neck has an annular integral valve seat shoulder. This shoulder is
formed in a new way as follows: the bottle neck is first made unshouldered, and
of tubular form as usual; the glass in the neck below the mouth is rendered
plastic by heat, the mouth portion at the time of reheating being protected from
being overheated by suitable shield, and while the glass below the neck is plastic,
it is inwardly displaced, annularly thereby producing the internal circular ridge
or shoulder to make the valve seat.
It is also preferred while the glass is still plastic after the internal ridge has
been formed, to compress the bottle neck in the direction of the axis closing the
walls of the circular groove produced by the inward displacement leaving the
neck exteriorly flush or cylindrical, or practically so.
The reheating may be done in a suitable furnace having therein a hood or
guard so that the desired high heat may come all around upon the bottle neck
at which the shoulder is to be formed and yet not be effective against the mouth
portion.
Suitable tools for the grooving and inward displacement and for the finishing
and smoothing the surface of the shoulder are of course employed in the produc-
tion thereof.
The valve has a head to rest on the seat shoulder, and it has also a stem
smaller than the opening within valve seat, said stem having radial wings, the
edges of which are parallel and have a free sliding fit on the inner circular edge
of the valve seat. A guard is provided above the valve, secured in the neck of
the bottle by cement, or suitable otherwise, and this serves to prevent inserting a
wire into the neck to hold the valve open so that the bottle might be refilled
and also serves to crowd a ball which is interposed between the guard and valve
against the valve even when the bottle is considerably downwardly inclined.
The guard consists of an annular body fitted in the neck of the bottle, and
having within it, a center supported by integrally formed arms, the spaces or
apertures between the inner and outer portion of the guard being downwardly
and inwardly inclined and the central portion has a flange enlargement depending
therefrom of double step shape being somewhat widely surrounded by the flange
of the outer body part of the guard.
In making the guard of glass or porcelain, the central portion and the said

page_text: depending flange enlargement are conveniently constructed by forming, one with
a hole or socket while the other has a central stem fitted in the socket, the said
fitting parts being joined by cement or fusing.
The bottom of the guard is decidedly dished or concaved, the space between
the middle portion of the top of the valve and the central surface of the depend-
ing part of the guard is equal to the diameter of the ball in addition to the
extent of movement allowed the valve. The valve top may be concave or it may
be flat, or it may be crowning or dome shaped.
Now it will be explained that if the bottle is laid in a horizontal position, or
in a position slightly inclined from the horizontal, so that the mouth end of the
bottle is a little lower than the center of the bottom, the tendency of the con-
caved or inclined surface of the guard is to shunt the then lowermost ball or balls
towards the valve and crowd it closed. It will require a decided downward tip-
ping of the neck of the bottle to cause the valve to open and manifestly when
the bottle is in this inverted position, it cannot be filled; if it were attempted to
force liquid into the bottle in an upward direction through the inverted neck under
pressure, the pressure sufficient to raise the liquid would force the valve to its
seat.
Dadd
1
J
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100
Improvements in Bottles to Prevent them being Refilled.
We, FRANCIS, LUCIEN COOK, of No. 205, Quincy Street, in the City of Spring-
field, County of Hampden, and State of Massachusetts, United States of America,
Manufacturer, and ALFRED BIRNIE, of No. 7, Pearl Street, in said Springfield,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
The object of this invention is to provide in a simple way valve constructions
and guard devices adapted in the neck of the bottle to prevent refilling of the
bottle, the improvements being illustrated in the accompanying drawing in
which
Figure 1 is a central vertical section through the bottle neck and the novel
devices.
Figure 2 is a similar sectional view showing the neck downwardly inclined.
Figure 3 is a similar view to Figure 1 showing a slight modification in the
form of the valve top.
Figure 4 is a cross section on line 44, Figure 1.
A represents the bottle neck having the annular integral valve seat shoulder a.
This shoulder is formed in a new way as follows: the bottle neck is first made
unshouldered and of tubular form as usual; the glass in the neck below the
mouth is rendered plastic by heat, the mouth portion at the time of reheating
being protected from being overheated by suitable shield, and while the glass
below the neck is plastic, it is inwardly displaced, annularly thereby producing
the internal circular ridge or shoulder to make the valve seat.
It is also preferred while the glass is still plastic after the internal ridge has
been formed, to compress the bottle neck in the direction of the axis closing the
walls of the circular groove produced by the inward displacement leaving the
neck exteriorly flush or cylindrical, or practically so as shown.

page_text: The reheating may be done in a suitable furnace having therein a hood or
guard so that the desired high heat may come all around upon the bottle neck
at which the shoulder is to be formed and yet not be effective against the mouth
portion.
Suitable tools for the grooving and inward displacement and for the finishing
and smoothing the surface of the shoulder are of course employed in the produc-
tion thereof.
B represents the valve having head 10 to rest on seat shoulder a and the stem
is smaller than the opening within valve seat, said stem having the wings 13, 14,
the edges of which are parallel and have a free sliding fit on the inner circular
edge of the valve seat.
C is the guard above the valve, secured in the neck of the bottle by cement,
or suitably otherwise, and this serves to prevent inserting a wire into the neck
to hold the valve open so that the bottle might be refilled and also serves to
crowd the ball t against the valve even when the bottle is considerably down-
wardly inclined as in Figure 2.
The guard consists of annular body d fitted in the neck of the bottle, and
having within it, the center d² supported by integrally formed arms d³, the spaces
or apertures between the inner and outer portion of the guard being down-
wardly and inwardly inclined as shown in the sections; and the central portion
has the flange enlargement e, depending, of double step shape being somewhat
widely surrounded by flange edge f of outer body d of the guard.
In making the guard of glass or porcelain, the central portion d and the said
depending flange enlargement e are constructed by forming one with a hole or
socket h, while the other has a central stem i fitted in the socket, the said fitting
parts being joined by cement or fusing.
The bottom of the guard is decidedly dished or concave as indicated at ; the
space between the middle portion of the top of the valve and the central surface
of part e of the guard is equal to the diameter of the ball in addition to the
extent of movement allowed the valve, the upper side of the valve B may be
concave or it may be flat or, as seen in Figure 3, it may be of dome shape.
Now, if the bottle is laid in a horizontal position, or in a position considerably
inclined beyond the horizontal, so that the mouth end is lower than the center
of the bottom, the tendency of the concaved surface u is to crowd the ball against
the valve exerting thereon a closing pressure.
It will require a decided and nearly vertical inversion of the bottle to cause the
valve to open as the ball must fall well into the depression in the concave lower
part of the guard and thus when the bottle is inverted, it cannot be filled; if it
were attempted to force liquid into the bottle in an upward direction through the
inverted neck, the pressure sufficient to raise the liquid would force the valve to
its seat.
The bottle is to be filled with liquid, the valve, ball and guard are then in-
serted, the guard being secured immovably so that in order to get it out, it will
be necessary to break the bottle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The combination with the bottle neck provided with the annular valve seat,
of the valve consisting of head and depending stem, of a part located in the
bottle neck above the valve permitting outflow past it and having its under
surface concaved, and the ball, the space between the valve top and the middle
portion of said concave part being slightly greater than the diameter of the ball.
2. Substantially the same arrangement of devices in which the said concaved
part is also comprised as a depending flange enlargement of the guard C.
3. The combination of bottle neck having internal valve seat shoulder, and the

page_text: valve consisting of head and stem, together with the guard C comprising outer
and inner circular parts joined by arms, the spaces between said parts being
downwardly and inwardly inclined, and said central part supporting the depend-
ing enlarged flange underlying the lower ends of the inclined spaces.
4. A non refillable bottle having annular valve seat shoulder in neck the same
being produced by rendering the neck of the bottle below its mouth plastic and
while the glass is in such condition annularly grooving, and inwardly displacing
the glass producing the internal ridge with a contracted opening therewithin.
Dated this 31st day of August 1898.
FRANCIS LUCIEN COOK.
ALFRED BIRNIE.