Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 7th May, 1892

page_text: When the machine is in operation a belt running from a suitable counter-shaft,
(not shown) drives whichever tight pulley 18 with which connection is made.
Suppose the belt is adapted to revolve the pulleys in the direction indicated by the
arrows and suppose the belt were connected with the tight pulley mounted on the
hub of gear 14, spindle 6 through gear 19 would be driven in the direction indicated
by the single headed arrow.
Now, if it were desired to reverse the direction of the rotation of the spindle, the
belt, by the intervention of loose pulley, 13, aforesaid can readily be shifted on to
the tight pulley mounted on the hub of gear 16, and by means of the gearing shown
effect the opposite rotation of the spindle as desired, and as indicated by the double
headed arrow.
Gear 14. 16 and 19. 20 are preferably proportioned as shown in the drawings,
that is of such size relative to each other that spindle 6 will rotate more rapidly in
one direction than in the other, so that certain operations in the making of a screw,
such for instance, as running the threading die off the screw after the thread has
been cut, or cutting off the finished screw from the stock or rod may be performed
with greater rapidity than other operations requiring more power and less
speed.
Heretofore machines for such purpose have usually been provided with a revolving
tool bearing turret having a vertical axis, with the tools projecting from the turret
in radial directions some distance beyond the periphery of the turret, whereas the
locking device was usually applied to a reduced section or member of the turret.
Hence, any inaccuracy of the locking device was increased at the extreme of the tool.
Now it is essential that each tool be held accurately in place while doing its work;
otherwise the work of different tools would not correspond or register, and the
accuracy with which the different tools are held in place, depends upon the accuracy
of the locking device for the turret. In view of the foregoing 1 have discarded
such upright turret, and in place thereof I employ a horizontal turret or cylinder C
this turret being rigidly mounted on the forward end of the turret shaft C¹ Figs. 1
and 3. Turret C is journalled in a stationary box A' and shaft C¹ near the rear
end of the machine, is journalled in a sleeve G (hereinafter described) that has
bearing in a stationary box A' both boxes A' and A' being rigid with the bed of
the machine and the arrangement is such that the turret and its shaft may not only
revolve on their common axis in bringing the different tools in position opposite the
work but the turret and shaft may also reciprocate endwise through their journal
boxes in advancing and retiring the tool so that the different tools may successively
do their work. The different tools cccc (partly broken away) are inserted in
longitudinal holes drilled in the forward end of the turret, these tools being of
course in concentric order with the axis of the turret, and hence the tools revolve
in a circle considerably less in diameter than the diameter of the turret.
The locking device for the turret is as follows:-
The turret is provided with a series of longitudinal radial slots & there being as
many such slots as there are to be tools borne by the turret, these slots being
slightly tapering as would be the case if the side walls thereof were on radial lines,
and a correspondingly wedge shaped block or dog D known as the locking bolt, is
mounted on an upright rod D' this rod fitting nicely in vertical holes in the bed or
attachments of the latter, so that the rod and attached block or bolt may reciprocate
vertically toward or from the axis of the turret. Rod D' is provided with a spring
as at D for elevating the rod and block in locking the turret. This rod next
below the bed is provided with a pair of lock nuts D, that by engaging the bed,
serve as a stop to limit the upward movement of the block or bolt so that the latter
may be wedged into the opposing slot and prevent the turret from reciprocating
end wise while thus locked as against turning on its axis, for it will be remembered
that the block or bolt is thrust home instantaneously by the action of its spring,
and were it not for the stop the block or bolt would likely be wedged into the slot
so firmly that the turret would not easily be moved endwise. Nuts D' are adjusted
a trifle from time to time, as may be necessary, to take up the wear of the parts,

page_text: and to allow the block or bolt always to be firmly seated in the successive slots so
as to hold the turret rigidly as against turning on its axis and still admit the turret
to slide end wise on the block or bolt in advancing and retiring. As the locking
occurs at the periphery of the turret, and as the tools are some little distance neare
the axis of the turret, it is evident that if there were any inaccuracy in the locking
device such inaccuracy would be decreased at the tool. For backing the lock in
unlocking the turret, is provided lever d fulcrumed at d', this lever being operatively
connected with rod D' usually by means of the forked end d³ of the lever embracing
the lower end of said rod and engaging a nut mounted on the lower screw threaded
end of the rol. Lever d is operated by an upwardly extending rod that at the
proper time is engaged by a cam fl by which engagement the lever and block or
bolt are depressed so as to unlock the turret.
E is a cylinder journalled on the turret shaft C' and held from moving end wise
on this shaft by means for instance of a shoulder of the shaft engaging the one end
of the cylinder and a collar or nut of the shaft engaging the other end of member E.
Cylinder E has a pair of rearwardly projecting arms E' E' that constitute the one
member of a so-called slip-clutch, the other or driving member of the clutch com-
prising wings or radial arms F F of sleeve G, these wings fitting easily between
arms E' so that while the two members of the clutch must revolve in unison,
cylinder E and arms E¹ E' may move endwise independent of sleeve G and its
wings F F. It will be observed that cam f¹ aforesaid is mounted on one of the
wings F.
Sleeve G is of considerable length and is journalled on the turret shaft C¹, this
sleeve bearing a pinion G' and a bevel gear G³ and having a greater diameter
immediately outside bearing A² than in said bearing, as at G³ to hold it from
moving endwise.
Hence it will be understood that if shaft C¹ be moved endwise it must slide
within this sleeve in so doing.
For reciprocating cylinder E endwise, the same is provided with cams, E' that
engage a rollere journalled on a stationary stud, e¹, stud e¹ being usually an attach-
ment of the bed. The end movement of cam cylinder E, or cam as I will herein-
after call it, is imparted to shaft C¹ and thence is imparted to the turret whereby
the tools are advanced to their work and retired therefrom, of course, all but one
tool at a time, to wit, the tool opposite the work being idle.
One of cams E has a straight section E shown in Fig. 3 that extends circum-
ferentially, whereby this cam E* has a rest endwise while the turret is being rotated
from one locking notch to another, this period of rest occurring while the cam and
tools are at the extreme of their rearward movement.
For rotating the turret one notch at a time, and this of course must occur, while
the tools are drawn back from the work I provide as follows.
A pinsee Fig. 2 is fastened to one of the wings F aforesaid, this pin extending
forward with an easy fit through a longitudinal hole in cam E. While the cam
is in its forward position the free end of this pin is within the hole, but when the
cylinder and turret are at or near the extreme of their movement the free end of
the pin protrudes from the cylinder and engages the pin projecting from the
rear end of the turret there being as many pins as there are tools in the turret,
and as such engagement occurs just as the turret is unlocked, the turret, by such
engagement of the pin, is rotated one notch, and just as the turret is again locked,
the forward movement of the turret disengages these two pins. The different tools
are successively advanced and retired directly by the action of cam E, this cam
making a complete revolution in advancing and retiring a tool and in rotating the
turret one notch. It must be borne in mind that the end movement of the turret
shaft and cam E is independent of sleeve G, the latter having no end movement.
On the other hand, the cam and sleeve, by means of the slip clutch aforesaid, rotate
continuously and in unison, while the turret rotates intermittently by means afore-
said. Now, some of the tools must feed much slower than it is desirable to feed
some other tools. For instance, a very small drill, or a roughing tool, having a

page_text: heavy cut, would require a much slower feed than, for instance, a threading die, or
a finishing tool having a light cut, and in order to give different feed to different
tools and by means of the same cam E, I simply vary the speed of the cam to meet
the requirements of each tool, and this I accomplish in the following manner.
A bevel pinion G4 is mounted on the inner end of a lateral shaft G' and in mesh
with bevel gear G' hereinbefore referred to, and on this shaft G are mounted tight
and loose pulley's respectively and the latter being provided at the inner end
thereof, with an eccentric see Fig. 3. On the overhanging or outer end of
shaft G is mounted loosely a disc H the latter having an overhanging friction
rim H'. On shaft G next inside of disc H, is rigidly mounted a ratchet wheel, y
the pawl 9 (see Fig. 3) for engaging the teeth of this ratchet wheel being pivoted
to the rear face of disc H.
Hence if disc H be turned in one direction by means of the ratchet wheel and
pawl, it will rotate shaft G and this shaft, by other means, might be rotated in the
same direction without rotating the disc. When the belt is on the tight pulley h,
shaft G sleeve G and cam E are rotated more rapidly and this occurs while the
tools are being drawn back from the work and while the turret is being turned one
notch. Next, the belt is shifted onto the loose pulley whereupon the eccentric ³
connected with the loose pulley furnishes the slower feed, as desired for advancing
the tool.
The transmitting mechanism from eccentric * back to shaft G³ may be as
follows.
The eccentric is of course, provided with an eccentric strap and rod, the latter /*
connecting with rock arm I¹ of rock shaft I. The overhanging end of this rock
shaft is provided with a head I, the latter having a slot or recess I³ extending
across the face thereof, and in this slot is fitted a sliding block i a screw, as at i¹
being provided for holding said block to the pitman J hereinafter described. The
throw of the eccentric oscillates rock shaft l'and the consequent throw of block i
and its connections will be greater or less according as this block is adjusted further
from or nearer to the axis of the rock shaft. Pitman J is forked at its lower end
as at, J the fork straddling block i, and secured thereto as aforesaid by means of
screw the pitman being slotted at its upper end as at the slotted portion of
the pitman fitting astride the projecting hub of disc H. The shaft bas also a collar
just outside the pitman to hold the latter in place, whereby the upper end of the
pitman always maintains a radial position relative to disc H and its friction rim.
This pitman is provided with lateral arms J' extending in opposite directions. The
one arm is provided with a lateral stud or pin j and the other arm is provided
with a similar stud j.
J and J' represent friction pawls extending in opposite directions, each pawl
having a notch near the outer end thereof, these notches fitting easily astride
rim H. The inner end of pawl J' rests on stud j' and this pawl has a spring j
adapted to bear down on the pawl. The inner end of pawl . engages the under
side of stud j' and this pawl has a spring, adapted to press this pawl upward.
With the upward movement of pitman stud first elevates the inner end of
pawl J causing this pawl to cramp on or grip rim H' after which, the further
upward movement of the pitman and pawl moves the left hand side of wheel or
disc H, upward (relative to Fig. 2) and at the same time spring holds paw! J' in
position for the descending or right hand side of the rim to move freely downward
between the prongs of the latter pawl. With the downward movement of the
pitman, pawl J actuates disc H, and pawl J backs idly downward.
The action of these pawls therefore imparts to wheel or disc H almost a continuous
movement always in the same direction, and the movement is so nearly continuous,
that the irregularity is imperceptible at the tools, and the two pawls may slide end-
wise on their studs to accomodate themselves in their up and down movements to
the curvature of rim H'.
For shifting block i endwise to vary the throw of pitman J, is provided as
follows. Ķis a rod connecting block i with the free end of lever L this lever being

page_text: fulcrumed at L' and bearing a roller 7, that is adapted to travel on the ends of the
segmental blocks m, the latter being fastened to rim M¹ of wheel M.
Lever L is provided with a spring as at the action of this spring holding the
lever forward so that roller always engages a block m. The securing bolts m¹ of
the different segmental blocks m operate in slots m³ of rim M' whereby blocks m
may be adjusted forward or rearward as required in shifting lever L and the con-
nected block forward or rearward in giving more or less throw to pitman J.
Wheel M is rigidly mounted on shaft N, this shaft being provided with a gear, n
engaging pinion G₁ aforesaid, this gear being as many times a multiple of the pinion
as there are tools in the turret, and as there are supposed to be four tools, in the
present instance, the relative sizes of gears n and pinion G¹ are as four to one.
Therefore, while pinion G, sleeve G and cam E are making one revolution and
thereby advancing and retiring the turret and turning the turret one notch, mean-
time gear n, shaft N and wheel M are making one quarter of a revolution.
Hence it follows that one quarter circunferentially of wheel M or rather of the
segmental blocks m connected with the rim of the wheel, are devoted to actuating
each of the different tools of the turret, and the blocks for each particular tool may
be adjusted end wise to give the feed adapted to such tool.
A prudent operator in adjusting the feed for a different kind of work will likely
at first give each tool a light feed and then increase the feed of each tool as he
thought advisable, and this could be done without stopping the machine.
The movement of wheel M is slow and after a given block m has passed roller l
the operator can loosen its securing bolt, adjust the block and again tighten the bolt
without difficulty, and this too while the wheel is in motion.
A suitable belt shifter to alternately shift the belt from one pulley to the other,
of pulleys his illustrated in the drawings, the construction shown comprising a
rock shaft P journalled in brackets or members of the bed of the machine, said rock
shaft having two upwardly extending arms, P1 and P2, arm P' being adapted to
engage and shift the belt, and arm P terminating at its free end in a V shaped
head P³ the apex of the latter presenting upward in close proximity to the inner or
forward face of wheel M. The latter is provided with a series of studs m³ alternate
studs being adapted to engage the one incline of head and thereby shift the helt
in the one direction, and the intervening studs being adapted to engage the other
incline or face of head 1 and thereby reverse the belt holder and belt. These
studs are adjustable circumferentially of the wheel usually by means of the securing
nuts thereof being located in circumferential grooves of the wheel, such grooves
having undercut walls. While the belt is on the tight pulley, the feed as aforesaid
is comparatively rapid in retiring the turret, and while the belt is on the loose
pulley the feed is variable according to the requirements of each tool. I will
remark that one segmental block m is not likely to project but a short distance, say
an eighth or a quarter of an inch beyond the next adjacent block, and the steps
from one block to another are such that roller can easily mount them and were it
otherwise, the blocks could be bevelled at the corners so that the roller would
mount a short incline rather than an abrupt stop.
The machine is preferably provided with a turret adapted to carry the largest
number of tools that will be wanted for any work that is to be done on the machine,
and in doing work requiring fewer tools one or more tools can be omitted, in which
case studs m³
are so arranged that the idle movements of the turret are produced
by the belt operating on the tight pulley h whereby such idle movements of the
turret are made so rapidly that but little time is lost by reason of a tool being
omitted from the turret.
The machine having been provided with all the tools necessary for all the
different kinds of work to be done on the machine, the adjusting of the mechanism
necessary in changing from one kind of work to another can be done in a few
minutes, so that if only a small number of screws of a different kind is wanted,
it is cheaper to adjust the machine and do this kind of work thereon than it is
to do the work. by other means. It will be seen that in adapting the machine

page_text: to different kinds of work, nothing except the tools are removed from or
attached to the machine, hence, the changes can, as aforesaid be made very
quickly. Instead of one long segmental block m for regulating the feed of the
tool in some instances it would be better to have two or more short segments
so that if necessary, the speed of the tool could be varied while doing its work.
A suitable belt shifter is also shown in the drawings for shifting the belt
alternately from one tight pulley to the other of the mechanism for rotating
the chuck spindle alternately in opposite directions, herein before referred to.
This belt shifter comprises an upright lever or arm Q mounted at its lower end,
upon a horizontal oscillating shaft R arranged transversely of the bed of the
machine and having bearings in upwardly projecting lugs as at R' integral or
rigidly secured to the bed of the machine.
Upon this oscillating shaft and preferably rearward of lever Q is mounted a
tilting lever S that comprises arms S'S' extending laterally from the oscillating
shaft and in opposite directions relative to each other, arms S¹ S' being adapted to
be engaged and actuated by projecting arms T of clamps T the latter being rigidly
mounted on shaft N by means of clamping screws T2, and hence said clamps
may be adjusted upon the shaft to shift the belt from one to the other of
pulleys 18 as required.
The mechanism for operating the slide or slides that carry the tool for
severing the finished screw from the stock, may be of any well known con-
struction, for instance, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings wherein the
bed of the machine is provided with a rearwardly and upwardly extending arm
or bracket U to which is fulcrumed a horizontal bell crank lever V the outer
arm of said lever being suitably connected by means of a rod or link V' with
the slide V2 as shown. Upon shaft N-is rigidly mounted a cain drum W having
peripheral cams as at W₁ the arrangement of the parts being such that with the
revolution of the drum canis W' will engage and actuate the inwardly extending
arm of the bell crank lever and communicate the desired movement to slide V
advancing the cutting tool (not shown) to sever the finished screws from the
blank rod or stock as required.
Suitable mechanism is also shown for opening and closing the chuck and
feeding the blank rod or stock through spindle 6 the same being as follows.
✗ represents a drum rigidly mounted on shaft N said drum being provided
with peripheral cams as at X. Cams X' are adapted to engage and actuate
yokes (see Figs. 1. and 4) yokes y being pivoted, at their lower end to a
forwardly extending bracket or member of the supporting frame, as at Y'.
Yokes y at their upper ends carry studs or rollers as at Y that engage annular
grooves in the chuck lever cone 7 and head of the feeding tube the
arrangement of cams X' on drum X being such as to give any required move-
ment to the chuck and feeding tube.
I make, however, no claim for the mechanism last referred to, nor for the
mechanism for operating slide V2 nor for the constructions of belt shifters herein-
before described, and instead any other construction of mechanism suitable for the
purpose may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination with a tool bearing turret, of a cam for actuating such turret
toward and from the work, suitable mechanism for varying the speed of the cam
according to the requirements of the respective tools substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with turret and cam for operating the turret endwise, of feed
wheel operatively connected with such cam, a pitman bearing pawls set in reverse
order for actuating the feed wheel in the same direction with the reverse movement
of the pitman substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with a feed wheel, a pitman bearing pawls set in reverse

page_text: order for actuating the feed wheel in the same direction with the reverse move-
ments of the pitman, the latter having a movable fulcrum connecting with an
oscillating head, the fulcrum being adjustable toward or from the axis of such head
for varying the throw of the pitman, substantially as set forth.
4. The combination of feed wheel, pitman and pawls for actuating the feed
wheel in the same direction with the reverse movement of the pitman, the latter
having a slot engaging a member of the shaft of the feed wheel for holding the
pitman radial with the wheel, substantially as set forth.
5. The combination with a feed wheel having an overhanging friction rim, a
pitman bearing friction pawls set in reverse order for engaging such friction rim,
springs for backing the pawls, substantially as set forth.
6. The combination, with feed wheel having a friction rim, a pitman acting
radially with such wheel, the pitman bearing friction pawls set in reverse order for
actuating the wheel in the same direction with the reverse movement of the
pitman, such pawls having endplay to accommodate the curvature of the friction
rim, substantially as set forth.
7. The combination, with a feed wheel bearing a friction rim, a pitman having
pawls adapted to actuate the wheel in the same direction with the reverse move-
ment of the pitman, springs for backing the pawls, such springs having prongs
acting astride the pawl for holding the pawls laterally substantially as set
forth.
8. The combination, with feed wheel having an overhanging friction rim, a
pitman acting radially with such wheel, the pitman bearing pawls set in reverse
order, the pawls having prongs acting astride the friction rim, the pawls being
backed with springs and having end play, substantially as set forth.
9. The combination, with a feed wheel having a friction rim, a pitman bearing
pawls adapted to actuate the wheel in the same direction with tho reverse movement
of the pitman, springs for backing the pawls, such springs having prongs acting
astride the pawls for holding the pawls laterally substantially as set forth.
10. In combination, a feed wheel and pitman and pawl for actuating the feed
wheel in the same direction with the reverse movement of the pitman, such pitman
having a fulcrum connecting with an oscillating member, such fulcrum being
movable toward and from the axis of oscillation, substantially as set forth.
11. In combination, a feed wheel, pitman and pawls for actuating the feed
wheel substantially as indicated, such pitinan having an oscillating fulcrum, movable
toward and from the axis of oscillation, of a lever operatively connected with and
adapted to shift such fulcrum to vary the throw of the pitman, a wheel bearing
adjustable blocks or segments and a lever bearing a roller for engaging such
segments and a spring acting on the lever in the direction to hold the roller in
contact with such segment, substantially as set forth.
12. In combination, a tool bearing turret and a can for actuating the turret end-
wise, feed mechanism for rotating such cam, such feed mechanism including a
pitman and pawl, the pitman bearing pawls, the pitman having a movable fulcrum
for varying the throw of the pitman, a wheel bearing blocks or segments adjustable
therewith, such wheel being intergeared with the rotative mechanism of the cami,
such wheel making one revolution while the cam revolves as many times as there
are tools in the turret, a lever bearing a roller adapted to engage and travel on such
adjustable segments or blocks, the lever being operatively connected with the
fulcrum of the pitman substantially as set forth.
13. The combination, with a turret, a cam for feeding the turret endwise, the
mechanism for rotating the turret substantially as indicated, of a feed shaft
operatively connected therewith and bearing tight and loose pulleys, the loose
pulley bearing an eccentric with transmitting mechanism substantially as shown
from such eccentric to the feed shaft substantially as set forth.
14. The combination, with turret and the variable feed mechanism for the same
substantially as indicated, such feed mechanism including a feed shaft bearing tight
and loose pulleys, the loose pulley bearing an eccentric, the latter being operatively

page_text: connected with the feed shaft by means of adjustable mechanism for varying the
speed of the shaft, an automatic belt shifter timed to shift the belt onto the loose
pulley for imparting the forward movement in retiring and rotating the turret
substantially as set forth.
15. In a machine for making screws, mechanism adapted to rotate the spindle
alternately in opposite directions, said mechanism comprising a pair of tight
pulleys, gearing operatively connecting the one pulley with and adapted to rotate
the spindle in one direction, and gearing operatively connecting the other pulley
with and adapted to rotate the spindle in the opposite direction, the pulleys
being located in such position relative to each other that the belt for communicating
motion to the pulleys can be readily shifted from the one pulley to the other
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
16. In a machine for making screws, mechanism adapted to rotate the spindle
alternately in opposite directions, said mechanism comprising a loose pulley, and a
tight pulley located at either end of said loose pulley, substantially as indicated,
gearing operatively connecting the one tight pulley with and adapted to rotate the
spindle in the one direction and gearing operatively connecting the other tight
pulley with and adapted to rotate the spindle in the opposite direction substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
17. In a machine for making screws, the combination, with the headstock and the
spindle, of mechanism adapted to rotate the spindle alternately in opposite
directions, said mechanism comprising a shaft parallel with the spindle and having
bearing in upright frames or standards of the head stock, a loose pulley mounted
on said shaft and a gear loosely mounted on said shaft at either end of said loose
pulley, said gears having a comparatively long hub, a tight pulley rigidly mounted
on the hubs of said gears, all substantially as described, said gears being inter-
geared with the spindle in such a manner that the latter is rotated in the one
direction or the other according as the belt, adapted to communicate motion to the
tight pulleys, is shifted from the one tight pulley to the other substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
18. In a machine for making screws, mechanism adapted to rotate the spindle
alternately in opposite directions, said mechanism comprising a loose pulley and a
tight pulley located at either end of said loose pulley, substantially as indicated,
gearing operatively connecting the one tight pulley with and adapted to rotate the
spindle in the one direction and gearing operatively connecting the other tight
pulley with and adapted to rotate the spindle in the opposite direction, the gears
being of such size relative to each other that the spindle will rotate more rapidly
in the one direction than in the other, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
19. A machine for making screws substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 10th day of february 1892.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.