Improvements in or applicable to Steam Engine Cylinders and Pistons for Preventing Condensation and Saving Fuel.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 28th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 27th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Steam Engine Cylinders and
Pistons for Preventing Condensation and Saving Fuel.
I LAVINGTON EVANS FLETCHER of Alderley Edge, in the County of
Chester, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention consists in lining the inside of cylinders of steam engines
either in whole or in part as well as in coating one or both sides of the
piston either in whole or in part with wood or other heat non-conducting material
or composition in the following manner.
In lining the walls of the cylinder the material may be in the shape either
of blocks or strips and if of wood is so placed that the grain points to the axis
of the cylinder, or nearly so, so that the surface on which the piston rubs is at
right angles to the grain or nearly so.
In coating the piston and in lining the cylinder covers the wood or other
material is cut into segments or slabs.
In some cases these segments or slabs are laid radially or nearly so, and
and
when of wood so that the grain points to the axis of the cylinder, or nearly so,
are held in place by two or more rings of metal, these rings may be cast on the
piston or cylinder cover or on a separate plate fastened to the piston or cylinder
cover or they may be separate and fastened to the piston or cylinder cover or to a
separate plate.
In other cases the segments or slabs are laid circumferentially or nearly so,
and when of wood so that the grain runs circumferentially or nearly so and are
held in place by radiating arms or ribs which may be cast on the piston or cylinder
cover or on a separate plate fastened to the piston or cylinder cover or they may
be separate and fastened to the piston or cylinder cover or to a separate plate.
In some cases the walls of the cylinder may be lined without coating the
piston or lining the ends of the cylinder either in whole or in part while in other
cases the piston may be coated or the ends of the cylinder may be lined either in
whole or in part without living the walls of the cylinder.
If necessary the blocks strips slabs or segments may be bedded on cement or
similar material to prevent steam from passing behind them.
Dated the 27th day of Anril 1894
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or applicable to Steam Engine Cylinders and
Pistons for Preventing Condensation and Saving Fuel.
I LAVINGTON EVANS FLETCHER of Alderley Edge, in the County of
Chester, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists in lining the inside of cylinders of steam engines,

page_text: either in whole or in part, as well as in coating one or both sides of the piston
(either in whole or in part) with wood or other heat non-conducting material or
composition in the following manner.
In lining the walls of the cylinder the material is in the shape either of
blocks or of strips, and, if of wood or of other material or composition having a
grain or fibre, is so placed that the grain or fibre points to the axis of the cylinder,
or nearly so, so that the surface on which the piston rubs is at right angles to the
grain or fibre, or nearly so.
In coating the piston and in lining the cylinder covers the wood or other
material is cut into segments or slabs.
In some cases the segments or slabs are laid radially, or nearly so, and when of
wood (or of other material having a grain) so that the grain points to the axis of
the cylinder, or nearly so, and are held in place by two or more rings of metal; these
rings are cast or formed on the piston, or on the cylinder cover, or they are cast or
formed on a separate plate fastened to the piston or to the cylinder cover, or they
are separate and fastened to the piston or to the cylinder cover, or to a separate
plate fastened to the piston or to the cylinder cover. But it necessary that on
each face one ring is separate so that the segments or slabs can be got into place
and removed as occasion may require.
When the outside ring is cast on the piston or on the cylinder cover, or on the
separate plate fastened to the piston or to the cylinder cover, one segment or slab
must be tapered the reverse way to the others so as to tighten them up after
they have been pushed outwards under the ring.
In other cases the segments or slabs are laid circumferentially or nearly so, and,
when of wood or of other material having a grain, so that the grain runs
circumferentially or nearly so, and are held in place by radiating arms or ribs
accompanied with an outer ring. These arms or ribs are cast or formed on the
piston or on the cylinder cover, or on a separate plate fastened to the piston or to
the cylinder cover, and the outer ring is separate and fastened to the piston or to
the cylinder cover, or to a separate plate fastened to the piston or to the cylinder
cover; or the arms or ribs are separate and fastened to the piston or to the
cylinder cover, or to a separate plate fastened to the piston or to the cylinder
cover, and the outer ring cast or formed on the piston or on the cylinder cover,
a separate plate fastened to the piston or to the cylinder cover; or
both arms or ribs and outer ring are made separate and fastened to the piston or to
the cylinder cover, or to a separate plate fastened to the piston or to the cylinder
or on
cover.
In some cases the walls of the cylinder may be lined without coating the piston
or lining the ends of the cylinder, either in whole or in part, while in other
cases the piston may be coated, or the ends of the cylinder may be lined,
either in whole or in part without lining the walls of the cylinder.
If necessary the blocks, the strips, the slabs or segments, or any or all of them, may
be bedded on cement or on similar material to prevent steam from passing behind
them.
To assist in making the description of this invention quite clear drawings are
appended.
In these drawings the same letters in all the figures refer to corresponding
parts.
A in Figs. 1, 14, 3 and 34 represents the lining of the cylinder walls when in
blocks, and A' in Figs. 2 and 2 the same when in strips.
B in Figs. 1, 14, 2, 2 represents the segments or slabs coating the piston and
cylinder cover when laid radially, and B₁ in Figs. 3 and 34 the same when laid
circumferentially.
C in Figs. 1, 14, 2 and 24, represents the rings by which the radiating segments
or slabs B are held in place.
D in Fig. 3ª represents the radiating arms or ribs by which the circumferential
segments or slabs B' are held in place.

page_text: E in Figs. 3 and 3ª, represents the separate plate on which the rings or the
radiating arms or ribs are cast or formed or to which they are fastened.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Lining the walls of cylinders of steam engines with wood or other heat
non-conducting material substantially as hereinbefore set forth and illustrated by
the drawings annexed.
2. Coating the piston and lining the cylinder covers of steam engines with wood
or other heat non-conducting material substantially as hereinbefore set forth and
illustrated by the drawings annexed.
Dated the 96th dow of Tanuar 1905
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.