Improvements in Exhaust Valves for Internal Combustion Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Exhaust Valves for Internal Combustion Motors.
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers, Limited, Openshaw, Man-
chester, and ARTHUR VENNELL COSTER, of 9, Plymouth Grove, Manchester,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to reduce the power required for opening and
ntrolling the exhaust valve or valves of internal combustion motors.
The invention is specially applicable to the exhaust valves of large gas
gines which require one or more exhaust valves of such dimensions that serious
esistances have to be overcome by the operating gear.
The exhaust valve may be a mushroom seated lift valve, constructed of cast
iron or any other suitable metal, and it may be cored throughout the whole or
part of its length. The valve may be guided by its spindle or a piston head on
one or both sides of its seating.
A smaller mushroom valve of suitable construction, hereinafter called the relief
valve, forms a material part of this invention, and in most instances is seated
in the head of the main valve.
This relief valve is preferably concentric with the exhaust valve, and may be
operated by the same gear.
The passage from the relief valve opens from or into a suitable enclosed
chamber or chambers in such a manner as to relieve the whole or a portion of
the load on the main valve at the proper time; that is to say, the relief valve
is opened a little in advance of the main valve and the effect of the opening
of the relief valve is to relieve the pressure on the main valve by means of
pressure or release of pressure on suitable areas attached to or forming portion
of the main valve.
The relief valve may be of a description other than a mushroom type and not
necessarily fixed in the main valve itself.
Dated this 16th day of March 1899.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Exhaust Valves for Internal Combustion Motors.
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers, Limited, Openshaw, Man-
chester, and ARTHUR VENNELL COSTER, of 9, Plymouth Grove, Manchester,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
[Price 8d.1l

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:―
The object of this invention is to reduce the power required for opening and
controlling the exhaust valve or valves of internal combustion motors.
The invention is specially applicable to the exhaust valves of large gas engines
which require one or more exhaust valves of such dimensions that serious resist-
ances have to be overcome by the operating gear.
To enable our invention to be clearly understood we append three sheets of
drawings. Fig. Sheet 1 shows one arrangement of the exhaust valve and
actuating gear in vertical section, the exhaust valve being placed in the bottom
of the cylinder. Fig. 2 Sheet 2 shows a modification of that shown in Fig. 1,
and Fig. 3 Sheet 3 shows an arrangement in. which the exhaust valve is placed
on the side of the cylinder.
The exhaust valve may be a mushroom seated lift valve constructed of cast
iron or other suitable metal as shown in the various drawings. The arrange-
ments shown, however, may be modified to suit varying circumstances.
In Fig. 1 Sheet 1 the exhaust valve A is shown opening into the bottom of
the combustion chamber of the cylinder B. Below the head cf the valve there
is an enlargement C which forms a piston. This piston C is fitted into a short
closed ended cylinder, the stem D of the valve continuing below it to the out
side where it terminates near the end of the exhaust lever E which operate.
it in a usual and well known manner. Placed by the side of the exhaust
valve A is a small valve F also operated by the lever E. The small valve F
opens a communication between the inside of the cylinder B and the underside
of the piston C. The lever E is caused to open the valve F a little earlier than
it opens the exhaust valve A so that pressure from the cylinder B is admitted
below the piston C before the valve A is opened, consequently this valve A is
put partly into equilibrium and requires less power to open it. As there is
commonly a pressure of 40 lbs. per square inch in the cylinder B when the
exhaust valve has to be opened it is of great importance that this heavy load
should be reduced especially in large engines requiring large exhaust valves.
In Fig. 1 Sheet 1 the exhaust valve A is shown cast hollow and provided with
suitable connections for the circulation of water to keep it cool.
Fig. 2 Sheet 2 shows a modification of that shown in Fig. 1 Sheet 1 having
the small valve F placed in the head of the exhaust valve A, the action being
the same.
Fig. 3 Sheet 3 shows an adaptation of this invention to an exhaust valve G
placed at the side of the combustion chamber of the cylinder H. In this instance
the small valve I is placed in the inside of the valve G, the head K of the
valve G forms the relieving piston and works in a short cylinder formed in the
cover L of the valve G. The action of the small valve I relieving the power
required to open the valve G is similar to the action of the small valve F in
the arrangements shown in Figs. 1 and 2 Sheets 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. In an internal combustion motor, the method of relieving the load on the
exhaust valve at the time of opening, by the addition or release of pressure on
areas which may form part of the exhaust valve itself, or be connected in a suit-
able manner with it; this pressure or release of pressure being controlled by a
small relief valve, substantially as described and illustrated.
2. In an internal combustion motor the arrangement of the small valve F,
the piston C, with their connections so operating as to control an equilibrating
pressure which reduces the power required to open the exhaust valve A, substan-
tially as described and illustrated in Fig. 1 Sheet 1 of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 3. In an internal combustion motor the arrangement of the small valve F,
the piston C, with their connections so operating as to control an equilibrating
pressure which reduces the power required to open the exhaust valve A, substan-
tially as described and illustrated in Fig. 2 Sheet 2 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In an internal combustion motor the arrangement of the small valve I,
the piston K, with their connections so operating as to relieve the pressure on
the head of the exhaust valve G, thus reducing the power required to open it,
substantially as described and illustrated in Fig. 3 Sheet 3 of the accompanying
drawings.