Improvements in Condensers for Carding Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 12th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Condensers for Carding Engines.
I, ERNST GESSNER, of Aue, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Machine Builder, do
nereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for dividing the fleece of
a carding engine into slivers, for which Letters Patent were granted to me
dated August 1st 1885, No. 9238.
The first part of my invention refers especially to condensers whereby the
fleece is divided by means of running straps crossing each other between two
cylinders. These condensers have hitherto been provided with only two rubbing
apparatus and the slivers or ends obtained were wound either on two, three, or
four bobbins. When producing a greater number of ends in such condensers,
the ends lie so close together that they are liable to adhere to one another and,
consequently, the production of ends is limited and could not exceed a certain
number within a certain width of the machine.
In order to overcome this difficulty and to enable a greater number of ends
than hitherto to be obtained by such condensers without liability of the ends
adhering together, I increase the number of sets of rubbing apparatus to three,
four, or more, in one condenser. The number of bobbins employed may vary
according to requirements; there may either be one bobbin to each rubbing
apparatus or the ends coming from one rubbing apparatus may be distributed
and wound on two bobbins.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, wherein Figures 1 to 4 shew sections of several systems of strap
condensers with three, four, and six rubbing apparatus. Figure 5 shews a
section, and Figure 6 a part front view, of a strap condenser with four rubbing
apparatus.
The strap condensers shewn in Figures 1 and 2 have each four rubbing
motions N N N and N. The dividing cylinders W1 W2 have circumferential
grooves or recesses turned in their surface. The fleece, shewn by dotted lines,
enters between the front rollers b. The dividing straps O are in the form of
loops of two different lengths. In Figure 1, one half the number of dividing
straps, including both short and long ones, pass over the lower front rollers b¹ b
around the upper cylinder W¹ and the roller 1; from this point the longer straps
pass over the upper roller L' and deliver the ends to the upper rubbing
apparatus N whilst the shorter straps go to roller L' and deliver their ends
to the rubbing apparatus N³. Both short and long straps then go over roller L³
after which they are twisted and passed through the grooves of the lower
cylinder W and thence back again to the lower front rollers b' b.
half of the whole number of the dividing straps, including both long and short
ones, pass over the upper front rollers 6 b around the lower cylinder W2 and
The other

page_text: roller and by passing the long ones round roller L' and the short ones round
roller L they carry the ends to the rubbing apparatus N' N³ and return in the
same manner over roller L³ through grooves of the cylinder W' to the upper
front rollers bb. The system shewn in Figure 2 differs only from that of
Figure 1 in the omission of the front rollers 5 and the rollers. The straps O
in returning from the rollers L³ pass through the grooves of the dividing
cylinders W1 W2 at the opposite sides of the axes of said cylinders to that
which they passed in Figure 1. When working certain kinds of wool the ends
are liable to adhere to the cylinders WW2, and, in order to prevent this,
guiding or detaching straps are employed, as shewn in the lower part of
Figure 2, which pass round the cylinder W2 under the dividing straps O and
round rollers i so that the ends are carried between said straps and the dividing
straps O, towards the rubbing apparatus.
Figure 3 shews three rubbing apparatus N1 N2 N³. The straps O are conducted
from the lower rollers to the upper and from the upper to the lower rollers, as
shewn by the arrows. One set of them going to the upper and lower rollers Ll
carry the slivers to the rubbing apparatus N N³ and another set being conducted
round rollers to rollers L2 carry the ends to rubbing apparatus N the straps
thence passing to the upper and lower rollers L' and back again to the dividing
cylinders. The straps in carrying the slivers from the dividing cylinders to the
rubbing apparatus are twisted half round so as to turn the sliver from the inner
to the outer side of the strap. The rubbing apparatus consists of aprons or
sheet rollers.
Figure 4 shews the straps O carrying the ends over rollers L¹, L³, L³, to six
rubbing apparatus N', N', N³, N₁, N³, N°, consisting of rollers. There are
rollers w arranged close to the dividing cylinders W W which have circum-
ferential grooves turned in them for the purpose of guiding the straps when
returning from the guide rollers L to the dividing cylinders, the straps being
twisted as they pass through said grooves.
Figure 5 shews a number of loops or rows of loops crossing each other, all
consisting of one single endless strap. The upper part of Figure 5 shews two
loops O and O' passing over guide rollers L1 and L2 and carrying the slivers
to rubbing apparatus N₁ and N. It will of course be understood that in
practice the upper and lower part of a condenser are made alike, but that for
the purpose of shewing different modes of guiding the straps the lower portion of
Figure 5 shews two other loops 03 and O', the strap being conducted over rollers L³
and L to carry the slivers to the rubbing apparatus N³, N₁. Instead of
returning direct to the dividing cylinders, as shewn in the loops at the upper
part of the figure, the strap coming from the roller L³ passes over the roller 5
around the guide roller L' and goes, together with the loop 4, over the front
roller 6 before it returns to the dividing cylinders. The strap is twisted when
carrying the sliver from the dividing cylinders to the rubbing apparatus. Before
going to the guide rollers L³ L* the straps may be lapped farther round the
dividing cylinders, as shewn by dotted lines, beneath the cylinder W' for instance
where the strap passes over a pressing-on roller 7.
Another roller 8 serves as
a wiping-off roller to prevent the sliver from adhering to the cylinder.
It
Figure 6 shews a part front view of the various rollers which are provided
with circumferential grooves. The strap in going over the various rollers passes
from one groove into another in the direction from left to right or from a to b
and is conveyed back again to the left by passing over a guide pulley R.
is understood that the strap may be so long as to pass from one end of the
condenser to the other and then be conveyed back again over guide pulleys R.
Instead of only one single endless strap, several, or a number of, straps may be
employed in one machine, each strap forming a number of loops. The rubbing
apparatus N is a combination of rollers; N and N³ a combination of aprons
and rollers; and N a combination of aprons. Various examples are shewn of
the ends coming from one rubbing apparatus being wound either on to
one or

page_text: several bobbins. The ends coming from N¹ are wound on one bobbin S rolling
upon a drum p; those coming from N' are wound on two bobbins rolling upon
one drum p; those coming from N³ and N are wound on two bobbins, each
bobbin rolling upon a drum p.
The condensers shewn in Figures 3 and 4 may also be arranged so that all
the loops are made of one single endless strap; or, instead of only one,
two or more straps may be employed, each forming a certain number of loops
crossing each other. By employing another number of rollers or straps and by
arranging or combining the rollers in another way, other systems of condensers
different from those shewn in Figures 1 to 5 can be arranged which may be
supplied with three or more rubbing apparatus. I would, therefore, have it
understood that I do not limit myself to the figures shewn in the drawings, but
that my invention, as regards the employment of three and more rubbing
apparatus, refers to strap condensers in general. Instead of leather straps, woven
ribands of cotton jute or other suitable material (which are cheaper and have
other advantages over the straps) can be used to divide the fleece in the same
manner, and carry the slivers to three or more rubbing apparatus, as above
described. Leather is liable, after a time, to become cracked or full of fissures
owing to its being twisted and bent sharply in different directions, which is not
the case with woven ribands. Furthermore, an endless strap used in the con-
denser consists of a number of pieces joined together, while endless woven
ribands would consist of one piece having, at most, only one joint throughout its
whole length.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
In a condenser for carding engines, the employment, in combination with straps
or bands crossing each other and arranged and operating as described for
dividing the fleece into slivers, of three or more rubbing apparatus arranged
and operating in conjunction therewith, substantially as specified.
Buted this 12th day of March 1851.
ERNST GESSNER.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
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