CER- TAIN IMPROVED MEANS OF RETARDING WHEELED CARRIAGES
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
WILLIAM JEARRAD the younger, of Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Hér
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westmin-
ster, the Sixth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert
William Jearrad the younger, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Robert William Jearrad the younger, my exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert William Jearrad
the younger, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CER-
TAIN IMPROVED MEANS OF RETARDING WHEELED CARRIAGES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Robert William Jéarrad the
younger, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by
the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear."
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert William Jearrad the younger, do hereby declare that the nature of
my said Invention to consist in the application of a friction band round a

page_text: friction plate placed at the back of the nave, which band is adjusted by screws
to the friction required, and acted upon by a bolt or bar projected from the
carriage and withdrawn by the operator at pleasure..
And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Robert William
Jearrad, do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be
performed by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon; that is to
say,-
Fig. 1 represents the nave of a wheel, and such of the essential parts of this
Invention as are immediately connected therewith. A is the nave or stock
of the wheel, to which, at its inner end, is firmly attached by the screws
C, C, C, or other suitable means the circular friction plate B. This wheel is
embraced on its periphery by the ring or friction band D, put on in two parts,
and united by screws and nuts E, E. The screws may be so tightened or
relaxed as to produce the quantity of friction judged desirable; and in order
to prevent the screws and nuts being shaken loose, I place a piece of soft
wood between the inner surfaces of these ends, of such thickness that they
shall be firmly compressed by the screws and nuts at the same time that the
surfaces are brought to give sufficient friction. The circular surface of the
friction plate may be transversely of any shape, as cylindrical, conical, double-
conical, flanged, &c. (its ring or band being made to correspond), so as to
keep the rubbing surfaces in due position with respect to each other. In this
Figure it is a plane.
Figure 2 shews the means used to bring into action the friction of the parts
above described. e, e, are bolts sliding through the cases g, g, h, h, attached
to the axle-tree bed f, f, and are so placed as, when protruded, to catch the
protuberances formed by the ends of the ring or of its pieces, and thereby
prevent its rotation with the wheel. By the means of the lever d, which
turns on the centre w, the two bolts are so connected, that one, will be moved
towards the right and the other towards the left at the same time, the joints
x, x, allowing the necessary freedom of motion. To the upper extreme.joint
of the lever d is attached the rod v, and the other end of this rod to the lower
arm of the vertical rod b, which, is sustained by and, works in the sockets c, c,
affixed to the body of the vehicle.. This vertical rod, has.a. horizontal motion
round its centre given to it, by means of its upper arm or handle a,, by the
person controlling the carriage. It will at once be seen that by this.means the
person controlling the carriage can at pleasure make the two bolts e, e, pro-
trude far enough to stop the ring D. in its rotation, and thereby produce. the
friction necessary for the retardation of the carriage. On each, of the pro-
tuberances of the ring or band is a friction roller. L, on which the bolts e, e,

page_text: rest, in order that the bolts may be withdrawn with facility, while the pressure
of the retarded wheel is on it, without stopping the carriage.
Although the Drawing and description represent my Invention as applied
only to the fore wheels of a carriage, yet the same is applicable to the hind
wheels, either alone or together with the fore wheels, by the application of a
suitable set or sets of rods, levers, lines, &c.; and although, for the sake of
clearness, I have shewn how to apply my Invention to both of the opposite
wheels of a carriage, yet the application of it may be to one of them only when
such application shall be deemed advisable.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which it is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the aforesaid modes of bringing the peculiar parts of my
Invention into action, since the modes of so doing may and ought to be
varied with the different kinds of carriage to which it may be applied, and
the wishes of the persons using it, without departing from its principle. But
I do claim as my Invention the application to each other of two or more sur-
faces substantially as above described, so as to produce friction, and thereby
the retardation of the carriage, one at least of such surfaces being attached to
the nave or other suitable parts of the wheel, and ordinarily carrying the
other surface or surfaces with it in its rotations, the rotation of the latter being
stopped by a bolt or similar effectual obstruction brought into action at the
pleasure of the person controlling the carriage whenever it is desired to retard
the carriage.
Invention.
And I declare this to be a true Specification of my said
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert William Jearrad the younger,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of February, in
the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty.
ROBERT WM (L.S.) JEARRAD, Jun'.