Improvements in or relating to Dust-bins.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Dust-bins.
A communication from FRANZ JOSEPH STEINWALD, of Löwenstrasse No. 2º,
Dresden-Neustadt, in the German Empire, Builder.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
For getting rid of ashes and waste or refuse, such as is collected in the house or
kitchen, the inhabitants of towns and cities have hitherto employed means of a
very elementary description which are neither pleasant to see, nor conducive to
cleanliness or good health. In the yard or garden of the house a kind of pit or
hole has been provided for the reception of the rubbish and whenever that was full
its contents were by means of shovels conveyed into bins or baskets which in their
turn were emptied into, mostly open, carts in which eventually the refuse was
carried away. The inconveniences of such a course are obvious. The discharge
of the refuse into the pit in the yard; the removal of it from this pit and its cor-
veyance into bins or baskets; the discharge of these into the carts; and last-but
by no means least-its transport in open carts through the streets of the town, are
all operations which almost necessarily occasion the dropping of parts of the
refuse and the diffusion of dust (as likely as not to be charged with germs of
disease); to say nothing of the unsavoury spectacle offered to the view by each
process.
These serious defects are remedied by the present invention which consists in the
arrangement of light, easily manageable and portable bins, capable of being tightly
closed and in this condition carried away by means of suitable vehicles to be opened
and discharged only once viz. at their place of destination. Means are provided
moreover for avoiding a diffusion of dust or rubbish even while the ashes and refuse
are first introduced into the improved dust-bins and also for readily replacing each
bin as soon as filled by a new one.
.
But the main feature of the invention as before suggested is that the waste
materials are never disturbed from the moment they leave the kitchen or house to
the time of arrival at the proper depository generally situated outside the town;
which in respect of both cleanliness and salubrity is evidently a signal advantage.
The novel arrangement of dust-bins may be summarily described as follows:-
In the yard or garden of the house is erected a frame or structure surmounted at
one end by a funnel or hopper. In this framework are movably arranged two or
more portable dust-bins, one of which with its lid open is placed underneath the
hopper. This hopper or funnel is provided with hinged plates, wings or doors,
opening downwardly whenever any material is introduced into the bin, but instantly
closing again of their own accord under the action of springs or weights, and thus
preventing any escape or diffusion of dust, ashes etc. When one bin is filled it is
withdrawn from the frame, closed and transferred to a suitable vehicle which may if
desired afford room for as many dust-bins as are necessary to remove the rubbish
from a whole district at once.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a side view, and
Fig. 2 an end view of the dust-bin arrangement.

page_text: means of rollers or castors bb the dust-bins B may be moved from end to end.
The funnel-shaped hopper is supported by two bent rods or bars cc so connected
with the rails a a that the rollers b b may pass the joints smoothly (see Fig. 2).
One of these bent rods c carries the hinges d (Figs. 1 and 3) upon which swings
the hopper C so that it may be turned back while a filled dust-bin is removed or
a fresh one inserted instead. Within the hopper C are hinged or pivotted at ee
flaps or wings ff see Fig. 3, which springs g g constantly maintain against a stop
or projection. The neck of the funnel-shaped hopper reaches into the open bin B
Fig. 3 so that while this bin is in use, the said flaps f f constitute its lids.
ashes or refuse is thrown into the hopper its combined impact and weight forces
these flaps or doors open, but as soon as it passes the springs g g close the flaps as
before. When one bin is full, the hopper C is partly swung round and the bin is
withdrawn and closed.
When
For closing the bins I prefer to use the arrangement shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
To one of the hinged lids overlapping and keeping down the other, is pivotted
a rod which when the handle is depressed engages its hook-shaped ends with
the pins provided on the bin B.
As regards the construction of the dust-bins 13 it may be mentioned that any
suitable material, such as thin sheet-iron may be employed for the purpose. The
following is however the construction preferred:-A frame is first constructed of
angle-iron bars between which are stretched sheets of wire-gauze with fine closely.
set meshes. The wire-gauze first receives a preparatory varnish, which in con-
junction with the ashes, soon fills up the meshes, so that (as has been demonstrated
by experience) no passage is afforded to the materials filled in, however fine: The
main advantage of dust-bins of this construction is their lightness and comparative
strength. For their more convenient handling they are provided with handles m m.
The size of the framework and the number of bins depend upon circumstance.
Details of construction may besides be modified to suit the requirements of each
particular case without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. An arrangement for collecting and carrying away ashes and other household
refuse consisting of a framework such as A a a in which movable and portable
reservoirs or bins B B are in succession moved underneath a hopper or funnel C
for the reception of refuse and on being filled closed and in a closed condition
removed substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. An arrangement for collecting and carrying away ashes and other household
refuse in which the diffusion of ashes dust or the like is prevented by hinged wings
or doors such as funderneath the funnel which form the lids or covers of the bin
standing at the time below the funnel and are adapted to open under the weight
and impact of the waste matters introduced and then automatically to close under
the action of springs or weights substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
3. The construction of the bin B having iron frames in which is mounted
wire gauze treated with varnish or the like previous to being used substantially as
described.
Dated this fith day of Avant 1801
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.