CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOT
Year: 1843

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,...IŢ
SOLOMON ROLINSON, of Dudley, in the County, of Worcester, Rolli
Turner, send greeting.
2.
WHEREAS Her present most. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,
by Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of March, in the sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and: granti
unto me, the said Solomon Rolinson, my exors, admors, and assigns,
Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,; that I, the:
said Solomon Rolinson, my exors, admors, and assigns, and such other's_
as I, the said Solomon Rolinson, my exors, admors, or assigns, should.
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should and:
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of Her
Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called Eng-
land, Her Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,.
Invention of" CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOT;"
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, that I, the
said Solomon Rolinson, shall cause a particular description of the
my

page_text: nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said Solomon Rolinson, do hereby declare that the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, are fully
ascertained and described in and by the following Specification thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
The nature of ny said Invention consists in manufacturing iron shot
by cutting, compressing, and rolling, instead of by casting, as usual,
whereby greater density as well as a truer form is given to the same;
and the manner in which the same is to be performed is as follows:-
I take a common round bar of wrought or malleable iron, and heat it
in a furnace to nearly a welding heat, when I divide it by a circular
saw or with shears into pieces, corresponding, as regards the solid
contents thereof, with the weight of the shot intended to be manufac-
tured, making a small allowance for waste in the subsequent processes.
I put these pieces into common spherical moulds, such as are used in
the manufacture of iron shot by casting, and apply, by any of the
common and well-known methods, a degree of pressure sufficient to
round the pieces enclosed in the moulds. I then pass the rounded
pieces through a rolling machine of the description represented in the
Drawings hereunto annexed; Figure 1, being a plan of the same;
Figure 2, a side view; Figure 3, an end view; and Figure 4, a
transverse section through one of the grooves E, and shewing the
position of the balls in being rolled. This machine is, in its general'
construction, similar to the metal rolling mill in common use, and differs
from it only in certain modifications and additions by which it is adapted
to the purpose of rolling shot. A, A, is the sill or foundation frame of
the machine; B, the bed plate, which is secured to the sill by holding
down bolts; C, C, are housings or carriages, one at each end, which

page_text: are made fast to the bed plate in the usual way; D, is a roller which
turns on bearings in the carriages C, C; E, E, E, are grooves cut in
the exterior surface of the roller D all round, each of which grooves is of
an exactly semi-circular form, and of the same diameter as the shot is
intended to be; F, is an additional carriage or housing, which is secured
in the same way as C, C, to the bed plate, and supports a quadrant-
shaped cup G, which is placed opposite and close to the grooves in the
roller D, and is divided on its upper surface into three semi-circular
grooves corresponding exactly to those of the roller D, so that the two
sets of semi-circles forin together three perfectly circular channels. The
carriage F, and cup G, should be so fixed in the machine that a
horizontal line drawn from the top of the cup shall pass through the
centre of the roller D, and a perpendicular line drawn through the
centre of the roller D shall just touch the outer edge of the bottom of
the cup, both as shewn in Figure 4, and by the dotted lines in Figures
1, and 2. The grooves in the roller D, and also those in the cup G,
are slightly turned off at the edges, so as to form, what is commonly
called by iron rollers an open hole. The roller D, being put in motion
by a connecting band from a steam engine or other moving power, the
pieces of iron are removed from the spherical moulds where they are
first rounded, and while they are yet in a hot state, and dropped into
the circular holes formed by the meeting of the grooves in the roller D,
and those in the stationary cup G; and after they have been forced
through these holes by the rotary action of the roller D, they are
subjected a second time to the same process, or as much oftener as may
be deemed expedient. The grooves in the roller D, and cup G, have
been described as being semi-circular, but should the balls be required
to be made of any modification of the circular form the
altered to suit the same.
grooves may be
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is, the manufacturing of iron shot by the combination of means for
cutting, compressing, and rolling before described, of which means,
separately considered, some are, as before explained, old and some new,