AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL MOVEMENT APPLICABLE, AMONG OTHER PURPOSES, TO MACHINES FOR SILAPING WORK TO A PATTERN to bo as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent Agent, do hereby declaró
the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL MOVEMENT APPLICABLE,
AMONG OTHER PURPOSES, TO MACHINES FOR SILAPING WORK TO A PATTERN to bo
as follows:
"
This invention is more particularly applicable to the production of universal
change in the relative position between an implement or tool, such as a moulding
or other cutter and the article to be operated upon such as a board or piece to be
moulded or cut; but the invention may also be employed to enable movement at
uniform speed and in any predetermined direction to be imparted from a fixed
point to a body capable of free movement in planes or in directions transverse to
each other.
The invention consists in the combination of a rack or track in pattern form and
a positively operating engaging device such for example as a positively rotated
pinion or wheel engaging with the rack or track, either the said pattern rack or
track, or the engaging device being capable of bodily movement in directions
transverse to each other whereby provision is afforded for producing change in the
relative position of the rack or track and engaging device by the action of said
device upon the rack or track.
In order to provide in a simple and effective manner for the movement in
directions transverse to each other as above described the invention also consists in
combining with the rack or track and engaging device above referred to, two
carriages movable in directions transverse to each other and one mounted upon the
other the upper of said carriages being the one with which the rack or track or the
engaging device is connected.
The invention also consists in combining with the aforesaid rack or track in
pattern form and positively operating engaging device one of said parts being
movable in directions transverse to each other as above described, a groove or other
guide extending adjacent to the rack or track and a pin or tracker connected with
[Price tid 1

page_text: the engaging device and engaging with the groove or guide whereby the engaging
device will at all times be held in proper position relatively to the rack or track.
The invention also consists in the combination with the above described two
carriages movable in directions transverse to each other and one mounted upon the
other of a positively operating engaging device supported by the second or upper
carriage, a driving shaft arranged parallel with the line of movement of the first or
lower carriage, a counter shaft journalled in said first carriage and sliding gearing
connecting it with said driving shaft and a gear sliding on the counter shaft and
serving to transmit motion to said engaging device.
The invention also consists in the combination with a rack or track in pattern
form, of a positively rotated wheel engaging with and movable along said rack or
track and capable of vertical movement to disengage it from the rack or track and
movable supports for the wheel which afford provision for its bodily movement in
directions transverse to each other.
The invention also consists in the combination with a body capable of movement
in planes or directions transverse to each other and bearing on its surface a rack or
track in pattern form, of a positively operating engaging device such for example,
as a positively rotated wheel or pinion operating upon said rack or track to move
the same.
The invention also consists in the combination with a cylinder capable of free
rotation and longitudinal movement and bearing on its surface a rack or track in
pattern form, of a positively operating engaging device occupying a fixed position
and acting upon the pattern rack or track.
As this cylinder is driven by the engaging device or spur pinion, the axle of the
cylinder will receive a rotary motion of constantly varying speed, dependent upon
the shape of the pattern rack or track. By means of a spur pinion keyed to this
axle and gearing into a rock bar a constantly varying reciprocating motion may be
obtained, or if a band pulley be keyed to the axle a varying speed of rotation
suitable for example for driving the whorl of a sewing machine will be produced.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1884.

page_text: I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, G Breams Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby declare the
nature of the invention for "AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL MOVEMENT APPLICABLE
AMONG OTHER PURPOSES TO MACHINES FOR SHAPING WORK TO A PATTERN," and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is more particularly applicable to the production of universal
change in the relative position between an implement or tool such as a moulding
or other cutter and the article to be operated upon such as a board or piece to be
moulded or cut but the invention may also be employed to enable movement at
uniform speed and in any predetermined direction to be imparted from a fixed
point to a body capable of free movement in planes or in directions transverse to
each other.
The invention consists in the combination of a rack or track in pattern form
and a positively operating engaging dovice, such for example as a positively
rotated pinion or wheel engaging with the rack or track either the said pattern
rack or track or the engaging device being capable of bodily movement in
directions transverse to each other whereby provision is afforded for producing
change in the relative positions of the rack or track and engaging device by the
action of said device upon the rack or track.
In order to provide in a simple and effective manner for the movement in
directions transverse to each other as above described the invention also consists
in combining with the rack or track and engaging device above referred to, two.
carriages movable in directions transverse to each other and one mounted upon
the other, the upper of said carriages being the one with which the rack or track
or the engaging device is connected.
The invention also consists in combining with the aforesaid rack or track in
pattern form and positively operating engaging device one of said parts being
movable in directions transverse to each other as above described a groove or other
guide extending adjacent to the rack or track and a pin or tracker connected
with the engaging device and engaging with the groove or guide whereby the
engaging device will at all times be held in proper position relatively to the rack
or track.
The invention also consists in the combination with the above described two
carriages movable in directions transverse to each other and one mounted upon
the other of a positively operating engaging device supported by the second or
upper carriage, a driving shaft arranged parallel with the line of movement of the
first or lower carriage, a counter shaft journalled in said first carriage and sliding
gearing connecting it with said driving shaft, and a gear sliding on the counter
shaft and serving to transmit motion to said engaging device.
The invention also consists in the combination with a rack or track in pattern
form of a positively rotated wheel engaging with and movable along said rack or
track and capable of vertical movement to disengage it from the rack or track aud

page_text: '
☐ movable supports for the wheel which afford provision for its bodily movement in
directions transverse to each other.
The invention also consists in the combination with a body capable of movement
in planes or directions transverse to each other and bearing on its surface a rack
or. track in pattern form of a positively operating engaging device, such for
example, as a positively rotated wheel or pinion operating upon said rack or
track to move the same.
The invention also consists in the combination with a cylinder capable of free
rotation and longitudinal movement and bearing on its surface a rack or track in
pattern form, of a positively operating engaging device occupying a fixed position
and acting upon the pattern rack or track.
In the accompanying drawing Fig: 1 is a sectional elevation of a machine
embodying this invention in which the engaging device has bodily movement.
Fig 2 is a plan thereof certain parts being removed to better illustrate the
parts below.
Fig 3 is a transverse vertical section of said machine.
Fig 4 is a plan of a pattern rack or track for use in the machine.
Fig 5 is a vertical section of a machine also embodying this invention but in
which the pattern is movable and operated on by a pinion occupying a fixed
position.
Fig 6 is a plan of the machine shown in Fig: 5.
:
Fig: 7 is a detail view hereinafter described.
Figs: 8, 9 and 10 are respectively a plan, a side elevation and an end elevation
of a machine also embodying this invention and in which the pattern rack or track
is arranged in the form of a cylinder and
Fig: 11 represents a cylinder similar to that shewn in Figs: 8, 9 and 10, and
having a pattern rack or track of different form.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Referring first to the machine shown in Figs: 1, 2, 3 and 4 the essential
clements of the mechanical movement are a rack or track in pattern form as for
example the spur toothed rack B₁ formed in or on or secured upon a pattern
board B and a positively operating engaging device, as for example a toothed
wheel or pinion D which engages with or gears into the rack or track B'. In this
example of the invention the pattern board B is stationary being secured to the
floor or other suitable support, and the pinion D is universally movable that is its
supports are of such nature that it is capable of bodily movement in planes or
directions transverse to each other.
CC designate carriages which constitute supports of that character. The first
or lower carriage C is movable or capable of free movement along rails, 6 in one
direction and the second or upper carriage C₁ is capable of similar movement in
a direction transverse to that of the carriage C and along rails 6' mounted on said
carriage C.
The carriages C C¹ may be constructed of metal or of wood and metal and of
any suitable form. The pinion D is secured upon a shaft D' adapted to rotate in
upper and lower bearings c c' which are made a part of the carriage Cl. To the
shaft D2 is fitted a worm wheel i which is held between the bearings c c¹ against
vertical movement and is locked to the shaft by a spline or feather as shown in
Fig 3 so as to permit of the shaft sliding through it..
To the upper end of the shaft D2 is fitted a loose collar ¹ between fast collars i*
and by means of a lever H fulcrumed at and capable of engaging with a catch i³
the shaft D2 may be raised to free its pinion D from the pattern rack or track B¹.
The lower end of the shaft D' enters a groove a which extends parallel with and
adjacent to the rack B' and constitutes a guide to hold the pinion properly in
engagement therewith as it moves along the same. When the shaft D is raised
as described, it is disengaged from the groove, and by moving the carriages C C¹at
will the shaft and pinion D D may be brought over any part of the pattern rack
and by lowering them may be again engaged with the rack and groove a.
---

page_text: In lieu of the groove a, a guide of any other form with which the end of the.
shaft D' which constitutes a pin or tracker may be engaged.
On the carriage C is journalled a counter shaft j which is grooved throughout a
large part of its longth as shown in Fig: 2 and carries a worm or screw j¹ locked.
to it by a feather and sliding upon it. The worm or screw j¹ gears into and
drives the worm wheel i and through it the shaft and pinion D2 D. The worm or
screw jis journalled in bearings 2 forming a part of the carriage C₁ and moving
with said carriage along the counter shaft j. I designates a driving shaft.arranged
parallel with the line of movement of the carriage C and mounted in fixed
bearings. This shaft is rotated by a driving belt on fast and loose pulleys k².
The driving shaft I is grooved longitudinally and is geared with the counter shaft j
by bevel wheels the wheel being locked to the driving shaft I by a spline
or feather and capable of sliding thereon. The end of the shaft ; enters a
groove in the hub of the wheel as shewn in Fig: 2 and as the carriage C
moves the bevel wheel 7 is moved along the shaft I and receives motion
therefrom continuously. From the above description it will be understood that
the carriage C has imparted to it a universal movement or a movement in any
direction conforming to the contour or form of the pattern rack or track B¹ and
always at a uniform speed and that the mechanism for rotating the shaft and
pinion D' D is such that motion will be imparted to them in whatever position
they may be. In order to prevent the carriage C¹ froin canting on the carriage C,
rollers m* are attached to hangers m, depending from the carriage C¹ and bear on
the under side of the carriage C.
As here shown the carriage C¹ is provided with upwardly diverging arms m'
and mounted upon these arms is a frame m² to which the work m³ may be clamped
or otherwise secured. This work or article to be operated upon may be a piece of
wood, stone, or other material to be cut, moulded, polished or otherwise operated
on by any tool or implement along lines which correspond to the contour of the
pattern rack or track B'. The tool or implement chosen to illustrate the invention
consists of a rotary cutter head and cutters m' on a shaft m³ which may be rotated
rapidly by a belt passing around a pulley m³. The shaft m³ is mounted in a
bearing which may be formed in a hanger m³ secured to any suitable support
whereby it is held in fixed position The shaft m³ may be raised and lowered in
the bearing m to bring the cutters to or raise them from the work m³ and may be
secured in either position by a set screw m³ entering one or other of two grooves
in the shaft or by any other suitable means.
The pattern B B₁ here shown is large enough to control operation on a piece of:
work as large as that m³ represented but any smaller pattern may be used and the
work supported on the frame m² in any suitable manner. The frame may have
intermediate cross bars m²* to which a smaller piece of work may be secured.
The pattern B B' is not shown in Fig: 2 in order that the other parts may be
more clearly illustrated but is shown separately in Fig: 4 and for a like reason
the cutter, its shaft and supports are omitted from Fig: 2.
Referring now to the example of the invention shown in Figs: 5 and 6 wherein
the pattern rack or track is universally movable and the pinion or positively
operating engaging device occupying a fixed position, CC designate the first or
lower and the second or upper carriages which are supported on a frame work A.
The first carriage C is movable along rails b in one direction and the second
carriage is movable along rails 6' on the first carriage in a direction transverse to
the direction or plane of movement of the carriage C. The carriage is
supported by, but suspended below the first carriage C.
:
The pattern-board B with its rack B¹ in pattern form and its adjacent groove or'
guide a is secured fast to the bottom of the second carriage C and is movable
therewith. The engaging device which consists of a pinion D is tixed on a
shaft D which is positively rotated by a belt on a pulley e and is mounted in a
bearing secured to a cross piece A* The end of the shaft D* enters the guiding.

page_text: groove a as before described and the shaft is held up by a spring a¹. The shaft
may therefore be lowered against the force of the spring to free it and its pinion D
from the guiding groove a and rack B¹. From the pattern board B depends arms
or hangers g' to the lower ends of which is attached a frame m² m² like that
before described, and on said frame is secured the article or work m³ to be operated
on. From the cross piece A* depends a hanger m³ in which is a bearing m² for a
shaft or spindle m³ on which are secured a cutter head and cutters m' and a
pulley mo. In the bearing m7 is a set screw m³ which may be engaged with one
of two grooves in the shaft for the purpose before described with reference to
Figs 1 and 3. The cutter head m is shown simply as an illustration of an
implement to perform work upon an article in irregular lines so as to produce a
design thereon, and if such head is the implement employed it may be similar to
cutter heads commonly employed for moulding wood or other material.
In lieu of a toothed rack and pinion there may be employed a smooth faced rack
or track B1* and a smooth surfaced or toothless wheel D* engaging therewith by
friction and the wheel may be covered with indin rubber to increase friction and
give it a more positive engagement with the track B₁*. Such a construction is
shewn in Fig: 7 the pattern board being also provided with a guiding groove a
receiving the end of the shaft D².
The example of the invention shewn in Figs: 8, 9, 10 and 11, in which the
positively operating engaging device is in a fixed bearing while the rack in pattern
form is formed on or in the surface of a cylinder or drum, will now be described.
B* designates a cylinder on which is a rack or track B¹ in pattern form and in
which is a guiding groove a adjacent to the rack or track. This cylinder or drum
is free to slide end wise on a shaft J which is grooved longitudinally at n and with
which it is connected by a feather. Any rotary movement of the cylinder is
however imparted to the shaft. The cylinder therefore is capable of movement in
planes or directions transverse to each other. The shaft J is journalled in
standards J on a bed plate J2 and also attached to the bed plate is a bracket Ja
on which is a bearing n¹. In the bearing n¹ is a shaft 1) the end of which enters
the guiding groove a and to which is secured the pinion D which constitutes the
positively operating engaging device. A positive rotation may be imparted to the
said shaft and pinion by a belt driving on to a pulley e. The shaft D' may be
slid longitudinally in its bearings n¹ to free its end and the pinion D from the
guiding groove a and rack or track B¹ and may be secured in either its operative
or inoperative position by a set screw mº entering one of two grooves in the
shaft as before described.
From the foregoing description it will be understood that when the pinion D is
in engagement with a portion of the pattern rack B' which extends longitudinally
on the cylinder or drum B* the movement of the cylinder or drum will be end wise
and it will have no rotary movement but when the pinion is in engagement with
a portion of the rack which is directly circumferential the entire movement of the
cylinder will be rotary. It will also be seen that when the pinion is in
engagement with a portion of the rack which is arranged obliquely upon the
cylinder, the cylinder will have both a rotary and an end wise movement and the
sum of the two movements will always be the same, their speed being variable
always in direct ratio the speed of one movement increasing as the other is
decreased. It will therefore be seen that a variable rotary motion may bo
transmitted by a belt from a pulley J on the shaft J or a variable reciprocating
movement may be transmitted to a rack bar Js from a spur gear Je on the shaft J.
Fig: 11 represents a drum or cylinder B* having portions of the pattern rack B¹
directly circumferential and other portions directly longitudinal on its surface.
It will be seen that in each example of the invention is embodied the combination
of a rack or track in pattern form and a positively operating engaging device
acting upon the rack or track one of said two parts being capable of bodily move-
ment in directions or planes transverse to each other.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my Foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
1st The combination of a rack or track in pattern form and a positively
operating engaging device acting upon said rack or track, one of said parts being
capable of having bodily movement in directions transverse to each other whereby
provision is afforded for producing change at uniform speed in the relative position
of said parts by the action of the engaging device upon said rack or track substan-
tially as herein described.
2nd The combination with a rack or track in pattern form and a positively
operating engaging device acting thereon of carriages supporting one of said parts
movable in directions transverse to each other and one mounted upon the other
whereby provision is afforded for producing changes at uniform speed in the
relative position of said parts by the action of the said positively operating
engaging device upon the rack or track, substantially as herein described.
3rd The combination of a rack or track in pattern form and a positively
operating engaging device acting thereon, one of said parts being capable of bodily
movement in directions transverse to each other whereby the changes in relative
position of said parts are effected at uniform speed by the action of the said
engaging device upon the rack or track a guide extending adjacent thereto and
parallel with said rack or track and a pin or tracker connected with the engaging
device and engaging with said guide substantially as herein described.
4th The combination of a rack in pattern form and a positively rotating wheel
acting upon said rack or track one of said parts being capable of bodily movement
in directions transverse to each other whereby changes in the relative position of
said parts at uniform speed may be produced by the action of said wheel upon the
pattern rack or track, substantially as herein described.
5th The combination of a toothed rack in pattern form and a positively rotating
spur pinion engaging therewith, one of said parts being capable of bodily move-
ment in directions transverse to each other, whereby changes in the relative
position of said parts may be produced at uniform speed by the action of the
rotating pinion on the pattern rack or track substantially as herein described.
6th The combination with a rack or track in pattern form and a positively
operating engaging device acting upon the rack or track and capable of bodily
movement relatively thereto, of movable supports for said engaging device whereby
provision is afforded for the movement of the said engaging device along the rack
or track by its engagement there with substantially as herein described.
7th The combination with a rack or track in pattern form and a positively
operating engaging device acting thereon and capable of bodily movement relatively
thereto of carriages supporting said device movable in directions transverse to each
other and one mounted upon the other whereby provision is afforded for the
movement of said engaging device along the rack or track by its engagement
therewith substantially as herein described.
8th The combination with a rack or track, in pattern form and a positively
operating engaging device acting thereon of two carriages movable in directions
transverse to each other and one mounted upon the other upper or second carriage
serving to support the said engaging device, a driving shaft arranged parallel with
the line of movement of the first or lower carriage, a counter shaft journalled in
said first carriage and sliding gearing connecting it with said driving shaft and a
gear carried by said second carriage capable of sliding on the counter shaft and
through which motion is imparted to said engaging device substantially as herein
described.
9th The combination with a rack or track in pattern form, of a positively
rotated wheel engaging with and capable of movement along the rack or track by
its rotation, and moveable supports for said wheel whereby provision is afforded
for its movement in directions transverse to each other substantially as herein
described.

page_text: 10th The combination with a rack or track in pattern form of a positively
rotating wheel engaging with and capable of movement along said rack or track a
guide arranged adjacent to and parallel with said rack or track and a pin or tracker
moveable with the said wheel and along said guide, and moveable supports for
said wheel which provide for its movement in directions transverse to each other
substantially as herein described.
11th The combination with a rack or track in pattern form of a positively
rotating wheel engaging with and moveable along said pattern rack or track and
capable of movement in the line of its axis to disengage it from said rack or track
and movable supports for said wheel which afford provision for its bodily
movement in directions transverse to each other substantially as herein described.
12th The combination with a body capable of movement in planes transverse to
each other and bearing on its surface a pattern rack or track of a positively
operating engaging device occupying a fixed position and acting upon said rack or
track substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
13th The combination with a cylinder capable of free rotation and longitudinal
movement and bearing on its surface a pattern rack of a positively operating
engaging device occupying a fixed position and acting upon said pattern rack or
track substantially as herein described.