"A METHOD OF MAKING, FORMING, AND FRAMING OF STATUES, CHIMNEY PIECES, DOOR FRAMES, WINDOW FRAMES, FIRE STOVES, AND OTHER THINGS BOTH USEFULL AND ORNAMENTAL, AND ALSO PIPES FOR CONDUCTING WATER UNDER OR ABOVE GROUND, AND TO BE MADE USE OF IN THE PLACE OF, AND MORE DURABLE AND LESS EXPENSIVE THAN WOOD OR STONE, AND WHICH COMPOSITION HAS THE APPEARANCE AND EFFECT OF THE HARDEST STONE
Year: 1766

page_text: GEOR
THE THIRD
by the grace
God, &c.
these
Presents shall come greeting.
WHEREAS our trusty and welbeloved DENNIS M'CARTHY, of the Parish of
Saint James's, Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, bath, by his
petition, humbly represented unto us that he has, by great study, application,
and expence, discovered, by a certain composition, a cement called pietra cotta,
"A METHOD OF MAKING, FORMING, AND FRAMING OF STATUES, CHIMNEY PIECES,
DOOR FRAMES, WINDOW FRAMES, FIRE STOVES, AND OTHER THINGS BOTH USEFULL
AND ORNAMENTAL, AND ALSO PIPES FOR CONDUCTING WATER UNDER OR ABOVE
GROUND, AND TO BE MADE USE OF IN THE PLACE OF, AND MORE DURABLE AND LESS
EXPENSIVE THAN WOOD OR STONE, AND WHICH COMPOSITION HAS THE APPEARANCE
AND EFFECT OF THE HARDEST STONE;" that the said art and method is entirely
new, and of his own invention; and forasmuch as the same will be of great
service and utility to the publick, the petitioner most humbly prayed us that
wee would be graciously pleased to grant him Letters Patent, under our Great
Seal of Great Britain, for securing to him and his assigns the sole use and
benefit of his said Invention for fourteen years, pursuant to the Statute in
that case made and provided, wee being willing to give encouragement to all
arts and inventions which may be for the publick good, are graciously pleased
to condescend to his request.
KNOW YEE, THEREFORE, that wee, of our especial grace, certain know-
ledge, and meer motion, have given and granted, and by these Presents, for

page_text: us, our heirs and successors, do give and grant unto the said Dennis M'Carthy,
his executors, administrators, and assigns, our especial licence, full power, sole
priviledge and authority, that he, the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, and every of them, by himself and them-
selves, or by his and their deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such
others as he, the said Denis M'Carthy, his executors, administrators, or
assigns, shall at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times hereafter during the term of years herein expressed,
shall and lawfully may make, use, exercise, and vend his said Invention
within that part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in our Colo-
nies and Plantations belonging to our Kingdoms and Dominions, in such
manner as to him, the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, administrators,
and assigns, or any of them, shall in their discretions seem meet, and that
he, the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, administrators, and assigns, shall
and lawfully may have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and
advantage from time to time coming, growing, accrewing, and arising by
reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years herein men-
tioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers, privi-
ledges, and advantages herein-before granted or mentioned to be granted
unto the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, administrators, and assigns,
for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the
date of these Presents next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be com-
pleat and ended according to the Statute in such case made and provided;
and to the end that he, the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, and every of them, may have and enjoy the full benefit,
and the sole use and exercise of the said Invention, according to our gratious
intention herein-before declared, wee do by these Presents, for us, our heirs
and successors, require and strictly command all and every person and persons,
bodies politick and corporate, and all other our subjects whatsoever, of what
estate, quality, degree, name, or condition soever they be, within that said
part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in our Colonies and Plantations be-
longing to our kingdoms and dominions aforesaid, that neither they nor any
of them at any time during the continuance of the said term of fourteen
years hereby granted either directly or indirectly do make, use, or put in
practice the said Invention or any part of the same so attained unto by the
said Dennis M'Carthy as aforesaid, nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or
resemble the same, nor shall make or cause to be made any addition there-

page_text: unto or substraction from the same, whereby to pretend himself or themselves
the inventor or inventors, devisor or devisors thereof, without the licence,
consent, or agreement of the said Dennis McCarthy, his executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, in writing under his or their hands and seals first had and
obtained in that behalf, upon such pains and penalties as can or may be iustly
inflicted on such offenders for their contempt of this our royal command; and
further to be answerable to the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, according to law for his and their damages thereby
occasioned. And moreover, wee do by these Presents, for us, our heirs and
successors, will and command all and singular the justices of the peace,
mayors, sheriffs, bayliffs, constables, headboroughs, and all other officers and
ministers whatsoever of us, our heirs and successors, for the time being, that
they or any of them do not, nor shall at any time hereafter during the said
term hereby granted, in anywise molest, trouble, or hinder the said Dennis
M Carthy, his executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them, or his or
their deputys, servants, or agents, in or about the due and lawfull use or
exercise of the aforesaid Invention, or anything relating thereto : Provided
always, and these our Letters Patent are and shall be upon this condition,
that if at any time during the said term hereby granted it shall be made
appear to us, our heirs or successors, or any six or more of our or their Privy
Council, that this our grant is contrary to law, or prejudicial or inconvenient
to our subjects in general, or that the said Invention is not a new invention
as to the publick use and exercise thereof in that said part of our Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and our Colonies and Plantations belonging to our kingdoms
and dominions aforesaid, or not invented and found out by the said Dennis
M Carthy as aforesaid, then upon signification or declaration thereof, to be
made by us, our heirs or successors, under our or their signet or privy seal,
or by the Lords and others of our or their Privy Council, or any six or more
of them, under their hands, these our Letters Patent shall forthwith cease,
determine, and be utterly void to all intents and purposes, anything herein-
before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding: Pro-
vided also, that these our Letters Patent, or anything herein contained,
shall not extend or be construed to extend to give priviledge unto the said
Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them, to
use or imitate any invention or work whatsoever which hath heretofore been
found out or invented by any other of our subjects whatsoever and publickly
used or exercised in that said part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, our Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, or our

page_text: Colonies and Plantations belonging to our kingdoms and dominions aforesaid,
unto whom like Letters Patent or priviledges have been already granted for
the sole use, exercise, and benefit thereof, it being our will and pleasure that
the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, administrators, and assigns, and all
and every other person and persons to whom like Letters Patent or priviledges
have been already granted as aforesaid, shall distinctly use and practice their
several inventions by them invented and found out, according to the true intent
and meaning of the same respective Letters Patent and of these Presents:
Provided likewise, nevertheless, and these our Letters Patent are upon this
express condition, that if the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors or adminis-
trators, or any person or persons which shall or may at any time or times
hereafter during the continuance of this grant, have or claim any right, title,
or interest in law or equity, of, in, or to the power, priviledge, and authority
of the sole use and benefit of the said Invention hereby granted, shall make
any transfer or assignment or any pretended transfer or assignment of
the said liberty and priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or
profit thereof, or shall declare any trust thereof to or for any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, or shall open or cause to be opened
any book or books for publick subscriptions to be made by any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, in order to the raising any sum or sums
of money, under pretence of carrying on the said liberty or priviledge hereby
granted, or shall by him or themselves, or his or their agents or servants,
receive any sum or sums of money whatsoever of any number of persons ex-
ceeding in the whole the number of five, for such or the like intents or pur-
poses, or shall presume to act as a corporate body, or shall divide the benefit
of these our Letters Patent or the liberty and priviledges hereby by us granted,
into any number of shares exceeding the number of five, or shall commit
or do or procure to be committed or done any act, matter, or thing whatso-
ever during such time as such person or persons shall have any right or title
either in law or equity in or to the said premisses which will be contrary to
the true intent and meaning of a certain Act of Parliament made in the sixth
year of the reign of our late Royal Great Grandfather King George the First,
intituled [An Act for the better securing certain Powers and Priviledges in-
tended to be granted by His Majesty by Two Charters for Assurance of Ships
and Merchandizes at Sea, and for lending Money upon Bottomry, and for re-
straining several extravagant and unwarrantable Practices therein mentioned],
or in case the said power, priviledge, or authority shall at any time hereafter
become vested in or in trust for more than the number of five persons, or their
representatives, at any one time (reckoning executors or administrators as

page_text: and for the single person whom they represent, as to such interest as they are
or shall be intitled to in right of such their testator or intestate,) that then
and in any of the said cases these our Letters Patent, and all liberties and
advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and
become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in any-
wise notwithstanding. Provided also, that if the said Dennis M'Carthy shall
not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
his hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in our High Court of
Chancery within four kalendar months next and immediately after the date of
these our Letters Patent, that then these our Letters Patent, and all liberties
and advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and
become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in any-
wise notwithstanding. And lastly, wee do by these Presents, for us, our
heirs and successors, grant unto the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, that these our Letters Patent or the inrollment or
exemplification thereof, shall be in and by all things good, firm, valid, sufficient,
and effectual in the law, according to the true intent and meaning thereof, and
shall be taken, construed, and adjudged in the most favourable and beneficial
sense for the best advantage of the said Dennis M'Carthy, his executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, as well in all our Courts of Record as elsewhere, and by
all and singular the officers and ministers whatsoever of us, our heirs and suc-
cessors, in that part of our said Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and our Colonies and
Plantations belonging to our kingdoms and dominions aforesaid, and amongst all
and every the subjects of us, our heirs and successors, whatsoever and where-
soever, notwithstanding the not full and certain describing the nature or
quality of the said Invention, or of the materials thereto conducing and
belonging.

page_text: Water under or above Ground, to be used in the Place of, and more Durable
and less Expensive than Wood or Stone, and has the Appearance and Effect
of the Hardest Stone, to hold to him, his executors, adññiors, and assigns,
within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in your
Colonies and Plantations belonging to your kingdoms and dominions, for
the term of fourteen years, according to the Statute in that case made and
provided. Provided that he doth, within four calendar months from the date
of the grant hereby intended, cause a particular description of the nature of
his said Invention, by writing under his hand and seal, to be inrolled in your
High Court of Chancery, otherwise your Majesty's said grant to be void; and
all such clauses, prohibitions, and provisoes are herein inserted as are usual
in grants of this nature. And this Bill is prepared,
By Warrant under your Majesty's Royal Sign Manual.
Countersigned by His Grace the Duke of Grafton.
C. YORKE.
Feb. 27, 1766.