Improvements in and relating to Reversible Windows.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1891-Accepted, 17th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Reversible Windows.
We GEORGE CHARLTON of Morpeth in the County of Northumberland,
Market Gardener, and GEORGE CURRY MOSSES of Victoria Street, Middles-
borough, Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to improvements in and relating to reversible windows
such as are fitted in fixed frames or of the kind which are made reversible within
a frame the side stiles of which are capable of sliding in guides to operate for
raising and lowering in the usual way adopted for ordinary window sashes which are
capable of being raised or lowered and incapable of being reversed.
Our improvements consist in the special construction of the hinge by which
reversible windows are carried, and in providing air courses to intercept any water
that might pass through the joints thereby avoiding capillary attraction of moisture
which causes expansion in the wood joints.
Ordinarily, reversible window sashes are carried either upon trunnions or upon
hinges made in the form of a compass joint. When provided with trunnions the
window sash if arranged to close vertically at the outside cannot be sufficiently
inclined to bring it to the vertical plane when reversed. The compass hinge enables
the window to be more completely reversed but for this purpose the knuckle of the
joint projects at the inside of the window sash. We employ a hinge consisting of
two limbs somewhat resembling the mortised limb of the compass joint and we
unite them by a double tenon or link engaging in the mortise and being pinned
through each limb. A hinge of this kind may be employed to unite a reversible
window sash with a fixed frame or with a sliding frame as hereinbefore referred to,
avoiding any projecting portion and allowing the window sash to drop forward
sufficiently to assume the vertical plane when reversed for cleaning, glazing or
painting from the inside.
The sides of the window sash and the sides of its fixed frame, or frame with
sliding side stiles as the case may be, are inversely rabbeted above and below the
hinge to provide weather guards to obstruct the passage of air or moisture at the
joints. In these meeting faces we form concave meeting channels along the line of
the joints so as to provide a course through which the air can circulate freely. By
this means any water that might pass through the joint is intercepted avoiding
any capillary attraction of moisture which might cause any expansion in the wood
joint.
Reversible windows constructed and fitted in the manner hereinbefore described
may be provided in the usual way with latches locks or catch pins to secure them.
in any position in which they are required to be temporarily fixed or retained.
Dated this 21st day of January 1891.
AYRTON & THOMAS,
Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Reversible Windows.
We GEORGE CHARLTON of Morpeth in the County of Northumberland,
Market Gardener and GEORGE CURRY MOSSES of Victoria Street, Middles-
borough, Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in and relating to reversible windows
such as are fitted in fixed frames or of the kind which are made reversible within
a frame the side stiles of which are capable of sliding in guides to operate for
raising and lowering in the usual way adopted for ordinary window sashes which
are capable of being raised or lowered and incapable of being reversed.
Our improvements consist in the special construction of the hinge by which
reversible windows are carried and in providing air courses to intercept any water
that might pass through the joints, thereby avoiding capillary attraction of moisture
which causes expansion in the wood joints.
Ordinarily reversible window sashes made in wood iron or other suitable metal
are carried either upon trunnions or upon hinges made in the form of a compass
joint. When provided with trunnions the window sash if arranged to close vertically
at the outside cannot be sufficiently inclined to bring it to the vertical plane when
reversed. The compass hinge enables the window to be more completely reversed
but for this purpose the knuckle of the joint projects at the inside of the window
sash. We unite the window sash stile with the hanging stile by means of a hinge
specially constructed to avoid any projecting portion, yet to allow the window sash
to drop forward or be reversed. sufficiently to assume the vertical plane when
reversed for cleaning, glazing or painting from the inside.
In the accompanying drawings in which in all the figures the same or similar
parts are represented by like letters of reference.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of a window frame fitted with two
reversible sashes carried in sliding stiles.
Figure 2 is a front view of Figure 1.
Figures 3, 4 and are detail views of a hinge for carrying the reversible
sashes.
Figures 6 and 7 are a side view and a front view of a modified form of hinge
which may be substituted for that shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5.
Figure 8 is a cross sectional view of the sash stile and the sliding stile hinged
together and placed in their position as found when the window is closed.
Figure 9 is a cross sectional view of the same when the window sash is
reversed.
We mount the window sashes A as shown in Figures 1 and 2 upon hinges which
may be made as shown by Figures 3, 4 and 5 consisting of two limbs a b connected
by a link engaging in mortices made in the limbs a band being retained by
pins de. A hinge of this kind employed to unite a reversible window sash with a
solid frame or with a box frame avoids any projecting portion and allows the
window sash to drop forward sufficiently to assume the vertical plane when reversed.
The same object may be attained by employing the modified construction of hinge
shown in Figure 1 and more particularly upon an enlarged scale in Figures 6
and 7. In this case the limbs ab of the hinge are joined by the pin f and the
hinge is so formed with a sunk bead y upon one of its limbs and a channel or
hollow in the other to receive the bead that the sash may be reversed to the
vertical position notwithstanding that the pin f is below the surface of the sash
stile and that consequently no part of the hinge need project at the inside of the
window.
In Figure 1 j k are sets of catch fittings by means of which when the windows

page_text: are closed the sashes A draw the sliding stiles B towards them assisting thus to
make the closure of the inversely rabbeted weather guards 7 more complete.
In the meeting faces of the sash stile and sliding stile we form preferably concave
meeting channels C (see Figures 1, 6, 8 and 9) along the line of the joints so as to
provide a course through which the air can circulate freely. By this means any
water that might pass through the joint is intercepted, avoiding any capillary
attraction of moisture which might cause any expansion in the wood joint.
Reversible windows constructed and fitted in the manner herein before described
may be provided in the usual way with latches, locks or catch pins to secure
them in any position in which they are required to be temporarily fixed or
retained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In windows carried in window frames in a manner to be reversible by turning
upon a horizontal axis situated centrally therein; the employment of hinges which
allow the window to be closed vertically outside or reversed to a vertical position
inside without having any part of the hinge protruding from the window sash
substantially as described.
2. In the construction of windows and window frames to carry the former in a
manner to be reversible by turning upon a horizontal axis, the formation of meeting
channels of concave or other suitable configuration along the line of the junction
of the window stile and hanging stile in which it is reversible substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
3. In the construction of windows and window frames to carry the former in a
manner to be reversible by turning upon a horizontal axis the formation of a sunk
bead on the face of the hanging stile and a hollow into which the same fits on the
face of the sash stile substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 4th day of June 1891.
AYRTON & THOMAS.
Agents for the Applicants.