Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 11th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 17th Aug., 188
I, CONRAD CHRISTIAN SEVERIN KNAP of Queen Victoria Street London, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has reference to water tube steam boilers, provided with lids, or
enclosing covers, instead of "Root" caps at the outside ends of the boxes or castings,
wherein the tubes empty themselves.
The openings of the lids, come opposite the ends of the tubes, and in order to
secure or affix the said lids over or in front of the openings, from the inside of the
boxes, supplementary entrances or hand holes have to be made, in order that the lids,
which are of larger diameter than the holes, can be placed in position, and there
affixed.
My invention consists in making the holes which come in front of the tubes, and
the lids or covers of the said holes, elliptical, or of any other elongated figure, thereby
dispensing with the use of supplementary openings, or hand holes, as the lids or
covers, have only to be passed into, or withdrawn from the boxes, by placing their
shorter directions, in the longer direction of the holes.
These holes which are preferably elliptical, come in front of the tubes, and it is
through them, that the tubes are placed in position, or withdrawn.
I will describe my invention in connection with a Stollwerck's water tube boiler,
although it is applicable to all boilers, provided with lids or covers, instead of "Root
caps.
"
The holes or piercings in the ends of the boxes, opposite the tubes, are made
elliptical, or of an elongated figure, and with. the boundary inside edges of the said
holes, tapered inwardly from back to front.
The lids or covers, are of the shape and size of the inside entrances to the holes, and
are provided with outwardly directed stalks, with screwed ends, which pass through
eyes or holes, in bridge like holders or dogs, which cross the holes in front, and rest
upon the opposite boundary edges.

page_text: The screwing up of the nut, on the end of the stalk, draws the lid into the hole, so
as to make a perfect and sound joint.
Instead of making the inside edges of the holes taper, they may be made parallel,
and with the inside lids of larger diameter, than the inside entrances to the holes; so
that in order to gain access to the boxes, the outer connections have only to be
removed, and the lids which are on the inside, withdrawn, by placing their shorter
directions, in the longer directions of the holes.
1007
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Tube Steam Boilers.
1, CONRAD CHRISTIAN SEVERIN KNAP of Queen Victoria Street London, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to. be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention has reference to water tube steam boilers, provided with lids or
enclosing covers, instead of "Root caps" at the outside ends of the boxes or castings,
wherein the tubes empty themselves.
The openings of the lids, come opposite the ends of the tubes, and in order to secure
or affix the said lids over, or in front of, the openings from the inside of the boxes,
supplementary entrances, or hand holes, have to be made, in order that the lids, which
are of larger diameter than the holes, can be placed in position, and there affixed.
My invention consists in making the holes (which come in front of the tubes) and
the lids or covers of the said holes, elliptical, or of any other elongated figure, thereby
dispensing with the use of supplementary openings, or hand-holes, as the lids or
covers, have only to be passed into, or withdrawn from the boxes, by placing their
shorter directions, in the longer direction of the holes.
These holes which are preferably elliptical, come in front of the tubes, and it is a
through them, that the tubes are placed in position, or withdrawn.
I will describe my invention, in connection with a Stollwerck's water tube boiler,
although it is applicable to all boilers, provided with lids or covers, instead of
"Root" caps.

page_text: The holes or piercings in the ends of the boxes, opposite the tubes, are made
elliptical, or of an elongated figure, and with the boundary inside edges of the said
holes, tapered inwardly, from back to front.
The lids or covers, are of the shape and size of the inside entrances to the holes,
and are provided with outwardly directed stalks, with screwed ends, which pass
through eyes or holes, in bridge like holders or dogs, which cross the holes in front,
and rest upon the opposite boundary edges.
The screwing up of the nut, on the end of the stalk, draws the lid into the hole,
so as to make a perfect and sound joint.
Instead of making the inside edges of the holes, taper, they may be made
parallel, and with the inside lids of larger diameter than the inside entrances to
the boles; so that in order to gain access to the boxes, the outer connections.
have only to be removed, and the lids which are on the inside, withdrawn, by
placing their shorter directions, in the longer directions of the holes.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing,
the manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in end elevation, partly in section, a portion of a Stollwerck's.
water tube boiler, provided with holes and lids constructed according to my invention,
and through which said holes, which are of an elongated figure, the tubes of the
boiler are introduced or withdrawn, principally for renewals. It will be seen that the
lids are also of an elongated figure, thus admitting of them being placed at the back
of the outer walls of the boxes, cap or casting, without the necessity of hand holes,
which are commonly employed.
Figure 2 represents a part longitudinal section of figure 1, showing the ends of the
tubes coming opposite the holes in the outer walls of a continuous box or end casting;
and it will be seen that the inside pressure of the boiler acts against the presented
outside faces of the lids, whilst the boundary edges of the inside faces rest upon the
solid metal near the boundary edges of the holes.
Figure 3 represents an elevation of a portion of a box or end casting upon an
enlarged scale, showing three of the holes and their lids overlapping the said holes
from the inside. Figure 3 represents a horizontal section of the same, and figure 5
shows a hole with a conical seat, and with the edge of the lid coned, or made of a like
figure; so that inside pressure exerted upon the lid, tends to blow the said lid into
the hole, and thereby tighten the joint, formed between its boundary edge, and the
inside of the hole.
Figure 6 represents my invention applied to a box or head, having only one tube
directed into it.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1 to 6 of the
drawings.
a is a box, head or casting of a water tube boiler, and are the tubes, with their
ends directed into the interior of a box, and coming opposite the elongated holes in
the outer walls a of the box as aforesaid. These holes are inwardly covered by
clongated lids or covers d, of a like figure, and of greater superficial area than the
holes, and which said lids have outwardly directed stalks or screw bolts e, with their
outer ends passing through eyes made through the crown of a dog or bridge bracket f,
which bridge the said holes, and rest upon the solid metal inside their boundary edges,
while the lids or covers are clamped in position by nuts g.
It will be seen that by making the holes or lids elliptical, the said lids or covers
can be introduced through the holes, and placed upon their insides, which is un-
attainable where the holes are made cylindrical.
In figure 5, the edge or periphery of the elongated lid, is tapered or coned from
front to rear, which fits into a like taper or conical hole or seat.
a is a box-head or casting, is a tube, directed into the space enclosed between the
inside and outside walls of the box, e is an elongated hole, with a coned or taper seat
or inside edge, wherein a like taper edged lid d, takes and fits, and is drawn home, by
a stalk and nut e, g, and bridge f.

page_text: In figure 6, where the box-head has only one tube directed into it, a is the box or
head, is the tube, c is an oval or elongated hole, and d is the lid.
I wish it to be understood, that although I have described my invention, as applied.
to the holes through which the tubes are introduced or withdrawn from the boiler, yet
the same principle or means, may be applied to hand or other holes, employed in
gaining access to the tubes, or to lids of the ordinary kind.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.-
First. Making the holes, and the covering lids of the holes, as herein described,
and illustrated, in the several figures of the drawings, elliptical, or of an elongated
figure, whereby the said lids or covers, admit of being interchangeably passed through
the holes, and placed in position, at the backs thereof, without employing hand
holes.
Secondly. The combination with a box-head or end casting, of a water tube or
other boiler, of an elongated hole c, and an elongated lid or cover d, with or without
the securing means, as set forth in the several figures of the drawings.
Thirdly Making hand holes and their lids, oval, or of an elongated figure, to
admit of the said lids being secured in position, on the insides of a box-head or casting,
of a water tubular or other steam boiler, as described.
Dated this Ninth day of June 1888.