Improvements in or Appertaining to the Naves of Wheels for Omnibuses and other Vehicles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 14th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 17th Aug., 1888
Improvements in or Appertaining to the Naves of Wheels for
Omnibuses and other Vehicles.
We SOLOMON ANDREWS and FRANCIS EMILE ANDREWS both of Cardiff, in the
County of Glamorgan, Carriage Builders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has for its principal object the improvement of the more secure
fastening of wheels to their axles when the former revolve on the latter, instead of
revolving with them.
The nave in such case is made to project beyond the spokes, and is preferably turned
A screw
with a horizontal annular flange projecting over the collar on the axle.
thread is cut on this projecting part, and a true hole and face turned in the nave to
fit the journal and solid projecting annular flange or disc on the axle. A loose
collar on the axle adjoining this disc is secured to the nave on the other side of
the disc.
In our earlier experiments, this was done by bolts and nuts, but we have found this
plan not quite so satisfactory as the following:
The loose collar has a horizontally projecting flange cut with an internal thread,
this is screwed onto the corresponding thread on the nave, till the slack is sufficiently
taken up, leaving a little lateral play. The screw is now locked by a set screw or
otherwise. As the flange, nave and collar wear, the set screw or pin is withdrawn,
and the main screw tightened up and re-locked by the set screw. A chamber or
reservoir, to hold or contain oil or other lubricant is formed in the nave which may
be supplied from the outside by means of an oil cup or the like. One, two, or more
of such reservoirs may be provided and fed from either back or front of the wheel, or
both. Or a separate reservoir may be made in front of the nave either affixed to
and revolving with it, or stationary with the axle. This would be bored out hollow
to hold oil or lubricant, and fitted with suitable cover or cup through which to he
supplied.

page_text: The plan we prefer, is to have two oil reservoirs one on each side on the nave, the
principal one being on the inside next the collar. This is of large size, goes right
round the axle, and can be used for either oil or grease, a well fitting cap covering
the filling orifice.
The wheel may either be made as a disc or a spoke wheel preferably fitted to the
separate nave. Where the wheel is made in one with the nave, the tyre will be better
made separately and shrunk on. The wheel and nave may be secured together by
screwing, keying, shrinking, or other means. The wheels may be made of any of the
materials ordinarily used for the purpose.
Dated this 13th day of October 1887.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Patent Agents for the Applicants

page_text: Improvements in or Appertaining to the Naves of Wheels for
Omnibuses and other Vehicles.
We, SOLOMON ANDREWS, and FRANCIS EMILE ANDREWS, both of Cardiff, in the...
County of Glamorgan, Carriage Builders, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its principal object the improvement of the devices whereby
wheels may be more securely fastened on their axles in cases where the former revolve
on the latter, instead of revolving with them.
The invention may be described by reference to the accompanying drawings, which
is a longitudinal section of a nave as constructed in accordance with our invention,
the axle being in position therein.
The nave A is made to project beyond the spokes (which are inserted into recesses A'
therein) and is preferably turned with a horizontal annular flange B projecting over
the collar C on the axle C¹. A screw thread is cut on the outer periphery of this
projecting flange, and a true hole and face is turned in the nave to fit the journal of
the axle and the solid projecting annular flange or collar C thereon. A bearing
washer is preferably inserted between the faces of the collar Cand nave A. A loose
collar D on the axle and adjoining the collar U, is secured to the nave on the other
side of the latter collar.
In our earlier experiments, this was done by bolts and nuts, but we have found this
plan not quite so satisfactory as the following:
The loose collar D has a horizontally projecting flange d cut with an internal
thread, which is screwed onto the corresponding thread on the flange B of the nave,
till the slack is sufficiently taken up, leaving however, a little lateral play. The collar
is now locked by a set screw d' or otherwise. As the nave and the collars C and D
wear, the set screw or pin d' is withdrawn, and the collar D tightened up and re-locked
by the set screw. A chamber or reservoir E to hold or contain oil or other lubricant,
is formed in the nave, and may be supplyed from the outside by means of an oil cup
or by a cape or the like. One, two, or more of such reservoirs may be provided, and
fed from either the back or front of the wheel, or from both. Or a separate reservoir
may be made in front of the nave either affixed to and revolving with it, or stationary
with the axle. This reservoir would be bored out hollow to hold oil or lubricant, and
fitted with suitable cover or cup through which the latter could be supplied.
The plan we prefer, is to have two oil reservoirs E F one on each side on the nave,
the principal one E being on the inside next the collar C. This is of large size, goes
right round the axle, and can be used for either oil or grease, a well fitting cap e
covering the filling orifice. The smaller reservoir F may if desired, be simply used
as a receptacle for the waste oil which passes along the axle journal from the

page_text: reservor E, the cap or plug f being employed to draw off the waste oil. The
reservoir F may be secured to the nave by being screwed on to the boss as shown, or
by other suitable means. G, is the bearing for the spring.
nave.
The wheel may either be made as a disc or a spoke wheel fitted to the separate
Where the wheel is made in one with the nave, it will be better to make the
tyre separately, and to shrink it on. The wheel and nave may be secured together by
screwing, keying, shrinking, or other means. The wheels may be made of any of
the materials ordinarily used for the purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner, the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. As a means for securing a loose wheel nave upon its axle, the combination of a
fixed collar Cupon the axle, an annular flange B on the inner end of the nave, forming
a bearing recess for the outer face and periphery of said collar, and a loose collar D
adjustably secured to said flange,.and serving as a bearing for the inner face of the
fixed collar, substantially as described.
2. In the nave of a loose vehicle wheel, the arrangement of lubricating chambers
such as E, F, formed in or securely attached to one or both ends of the nave, and each
having an orifice provided with a suitable oil cup or cap, substantially as.and for the
purposes described.
8. The combination of loose nave and axle, constructed as a whole, substantially.as
shown and described.