IMPROVEMENTS IN GEARED RIVETTING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, GRAY DENISON EDMESTON, Engineer, of 29 Johnson Street, Cheetham, of the
city of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of
my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN GEARED RIVETTING MACHINES to be as
follows:-
.
My improvements are intended to apply to geared rivetting machines in which
the heading ram is actuated by an eccentric or crank shaft, and have for their
object Firstly, to regulate with a greater degree of uniformity than bitherto the
pressure upon the rivets Secondly, to ensure greater certainty and promptness in
the working of the stop-motion: and, Thirdly, to relieve the various parts of the
machine from shocks and undue strain.
First Instead of working the heading ram which carries the rivetting cup,
directly or in a direct line from the crank or eccentric shaft, I interpose a lever
of the third order, the upper end of which-in the case of a machine having a
horizontal rivetting ram-is connected with the ram working the rivetting cup,
the lower end is-connected to a bell-crank lever, which may be weighted with
suitable weights corresponding to the pressure required upon the rivet, and. I
connect the eccentric or crank shaft with the interposed lever at an intermediate
position between the two ends in such a manner that when it is propelled by the
eccentric or crank shaft, the lower end attached to the weighted bell-crank lever
may act as the fulcrum, until the forward movement of the upper end which
propels the heading ram is arrested by a pressure upon the rivet head corresponding
with the weight on the bell-crank lever, and when this is arrived at, the forward
movement of the upper end being arrested, and the eccentric or crank shaft not
having arrived at the extremity of its stroke, the upper end of the interposed lever
becomes the fulcrum, the bell-crank lever is raised with the weights attached
thereto, to resume its original position with the return stroke of the eccentric or
crank shaft.
Second: In order to ensure greater certainty and promptness in the working of
the stop-motion, I provide that the revolution of the eccentric or crank shaft shall
effect the insertion and withdrawal of the stop bar instead of working it by hand
as heretofore. To do this I fix upon the oscillating shaft (which is used to work

page_text: the stop bar by hand) two short levers pointing in opposite directions: upon the
inner or near side of the driving wheel keyed upon the eccentric or crank shaft,
I place in suitable positions two projections or cans, and to the oscillating shaft I
give an endwise movement which may be effected by hand by a suitable lever or
otherwise, so that either one or the other of the two short levers may be brought
opposite to the one or 'the other of the cams on the driving wheel which will, by
its revolution, force in or withdraw the stop bar at the right moment arranged
by the position of the cams.
Third: In order to relieve the various parts of the machine from the shocks due
to the inertia of the weights suspended to the weighted lever, I interpose an elastic
cushion in the weight suspender.

page_text: I, GRAY DENISON EDMESTON, of 29 Johnson Street, Cheetham, Manchester, in
the county of Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN. GEARED RIVETTING MACHINES and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:―
My improvements are intended to apply to geared rivetting machines in which
the heading ram is actuated by an eccentric or crank shaft, and have for their
object; Firstly, to regulate with a greater degree of uniformity than heretofore the
pressure upon the rivets ;. Secondly, to ensure greater certainty and promptness in
the working of the stop motion; and, Thirdly, to relieve the various parts of the
machine from shocks and undue strain.
First Instead of working the heading ram, which carries the rivetting cup,
directly or in a direct line from the crank or eccentric shaft, I interpose a lever
of the third order, the upper end of which-in the case of a machine having a
horizontal rivetting ram is connected with the ram working the rivetting cup,.
the lower end is connected to a bell-crank lever, which may be weighted with,
suitable weights corresponding to the pressure required upon the rivet, and I
connect the eccentric or crank shaft with the interposed lever at an intermediate,
position between the two ends in such a manner that when it is propelled by the.
eccentric or crank shaft, the lower end attached to the weighted bell-crank lever.
may act as the fulcrum until the forward movement of the upper end, which
propels the heading ram, is arrested by a pressure upon the rivet head corresponding
with the weight on the bell-crank lever; and when this is arrived at, the forward
movement of the upper end being arrested and the eccentric or crank shaft not
having arrived at the extremity of its stroke-the upper end of the interposed
lever becomes the fulcrum, the bell-crank lever is raised with the weights attached
thereto, to resume its original position with the return stroke of the eccentric or
crank shaft..
Second-In order to ensure greater certainty and promptness in the working of
the stop motion, I provide that the revolution of the eccentric or crank shaft shall
effect the insertion and withdrawal of the stop bar instead of working it by hand
as heretofore: To do this, I fix upon the oscillating, shaft (which is used to work
the stop bar by hand) two short levers pointing in opposite directions; upon the
inner or near side of the driving wheel keyed upon the eccentric or crank shaft, I
place in suitable positions one or two projections or cams, and to the oscillating
shaft I give an end wise movement which may be effected by hand by a suitable
lever or otherwise, so that either one or the other of the two short levers may be
brought opposite to the one or the other of the cams on the driving wheel, which
will, by its revolution, force in or withdraw the stop bar at the right moment
arranged by the position of the cams.
Third-In order to relieve the various parts of the machine from the shocks due
to the inertia of the weights suspended to the weighted lever, I interpose an elastic
cushion in the weight suspender.
The accompanying drawings will serve to illustrate more clearly my invention
as applied to rivetting machines having the rivetting ram working in a horizontal
direction, in which Fig. 1 is an external side elevation, Fig. 2 a side elevation with
a portion of the main framing removed to show the arrangement of the parts
inside of it, and a vertical section of the weights and weight suspender, and Fig. 3
is an end view of the machine.

page_text: The first part of my invention is more particularly illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2,
in which a is the rivetting ram, sliding in the barrel of the main frame, having a
longitudinal groove on its under side, working upon the fixed key a¹ so as to
prevent its turning upon its axis, b is a secondary ram connected to the rivetting
ram a by the screw c, the larger or front end of which screws into the rear portion
of the ram a, and the smaller or rear end of the screw c is fitted with bevil gearing,
working in suitable bearings provided in the secondary ram b, so as to be capable
of being turned by the capstan head d which is outside of the barrel of the main
frame, and convenient to the hand of the workman; this provides a means of
varying the distance between the rivetting ram a and the secondary ram b: h is
a bell-crank lever working upon the pin as a fulcrum, in the main frame;
upon the outer end of this lever his hung a suspender i carrying a number of
weights j, j, j, &c, any number of which may be connected or disconnected with
the suspender i by the insertion of a forked bolt which passes freely through
holes in the weights j and corresponding holes in the suspender i: e is a vertical
lever, forked at each end, attached by its upper end to the secondary ram b by the
trunnion pin b¹, and by its lower end to the bell-crank lever h by the pins h2, h
and the link h³: 7 is a hollow plunger sliding in a suitable bearing in the main
frame, in an intermediate position between the two ends of the vertical lever e,
and having a to and fro motion imparted to it by a crank or eccentric shaft, mis
a secondary plunger sliding freely into the hollow plunger l, n is a crutch piece
connected at one end to the secondary plunger m and at the other end to the
vertical levere by the pin n¹ which passes through the lever e: o is a stop bar
sliding in a horizontal direction in a slot provided for it in the plunger ; the
horizontal movement of the stop bar o is effected by means of the shaft o², lever o³
and handle o8 p is a bell-crank draw back lever working with the shaft p' as a
fulcrum, and connected to the vertical lever e by the pins p2 p3 and the link p, and
having a weight p³ fixed to it at its outer end; the tendency of this lever is to
move the vertical lever e in a direction towards the plunger l, but its movement in
that direction is limited by the arm p" fixed upon the end of the shaft p¹, and the
screw 27 which rests upon a bracket provided on the outside of the main frame.
Having now described the several parts of my improvements relating to the first
part of my invention, I now proceed to describe the method of its operation:-
The hollow plunger being set to work with a to and fro motion by means of a
crank or eccentric shaft as before described, the stop bar o will be brought into
contact with the crushing piece m¹ in the secondary plunger m and will move the
lever e in a forward direction, working as a lever of the third order upon the pin *
as a fulcrum, and will carry forward with it the secondary ram b and the rivetting
ram a, until the movement of the latter is arrested by contact, with the work to be
rivetted, (adjustment for regulating the moment of contact, according to the
thickness of the work to be operated upon, being provided by the screw c worked
by the capstan head d) the further forward movement of the rivetting ram a being
thus arrested, and the plunger / not having arrived at the forward extremity.of its
stroke, the action of the lever e will be reversed, working upon the trunnion pin bl
as a fulcrum, and through the bell-crank lever h will raise the weights j, j', j, &c.
hung upon the suspender i-this will result in producing a pressure upon the work
to be rivetted, equal to the combined gravity of the weights j, j, j &c. and the
suspender i, multiplied by the compound leverage of the levers h and e. Upon
the return stroke of the plunger the weights j.j' j &c. and the lever h, will be
brought to rest again upon the pad h³, and the lever e and the rivetting ram a into
their normal positions again by the action of the draw-back lever and weight p, p³.
When the stop bar o is withdrawn so that the end is clear of the crushing piece n¹-
as may be done at the will of the workman-no movement will be imparted to the
lever e or, rivetting ram a, the secondary plunger m will simply slide idly in the
hollow plunger l. To regulate the pressure upon the work, the weight suspender i
can be lowered by means of the screw hand wheel i¹ until all the weights rest upon
the table, when the fork k can be easily withdrawn and inserted into any other

page_text: of the weights j j¹ j' &c, and upon again raising the suspender & by the screw
wheel all the weights below the fork k will remain at rest upon the table i², the
suspender carrying only such weights as are above it, so the pressure can be
regulated according to the number of weights used in connection with the
suspender..
The second part of my invention is more particularly illustrated by Figs 1
and 3, in which o is the stop bar worked by the levers 03 and o* keyed upon a
horizontal shaft o³ working in brackets cast upon the main frame of the machine.;,
the shaft o can have an endwise movement. given to it by the lever o: r is a cam
cast or fixed upon the crank or eccentric shaft which works the plunger (Fig. 2) :
06 is a projecting stud fixed upon the lever o³, and o? is a lever fixed upon the
shaft o and pointing in an opposite direction to the lever o³; these two levers, o³
and o' are also fixed upon the shaft o at such a distance from each other, that
when the shaft o³ is in its normal position as shown upon the drawing the cam r
will pass between them and be clear of both of them. The method of operating
this part of my invention is as follows:-When it is desired to insert the stop bar,
the horizontal shaft o² can be moved endwise by the lever o in a direction so as to
bring the projecting stud of upon the lever o opposite to the cam r, which, acting
through the lever o³ will move the stop bar fully home at the right period of the
revolution of the crank or eccentric shaft: in the same manner when it is desired
to withdraw the stop bar the shaft o³ can be moved endwise in an opposite direction
by the band lever o so as to bring the projecting stud upon the lever o opposite
to the cam r, which, acting through the levers as shown, will fully withdraw the
stop bar o at the most suitable time..
.
Two separate cams may be arranged upon the spur wheel, the one to act upon
the lever o³ for inserting the stop bar o. and the other to act upon the lever o? for
withdrawing it, but I find one cam to be sufficient to perform the two operations.
The third part of my invention is more particularly illustrated by Fig. 2, in
which & is a suspender bolt passing freely into the weight suspender i and having.
forged upon it towards its lower end a collar s¹ upon which I place a number of
rings 82 of india-rubber or other elastic medium to act as a cushion upon which
to rest the suspender i with its accompanying weights j, j¹, j³, &c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly: The interposition of a lever e of the third order, between the working
plunger, and the rivetting ram a, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the drawings.
Secondly: The combination and arrangement of a cam and levers for inserting
and withdrawing the stop bar o, substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by the drawings.
Thirdly The use of an elastic cushion in the weight suspender i, substantially.
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Eighth day of October 1884.
GRAY DENISON EDMESTON.