Improvements in and relating to Milking Machines or Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 13th Dec.. 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Milking Machines or Apparatus.
1 HANS HÖRLYCK, of Bastrup by Vamdrup, in the Kingdom of Denmark, Farmer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
he performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to an improved milking apparatus and to frames therefor and
has for object to provide a machine which will perform the milking operation in a
similar manner to that in which it is now effected by hand.
The improved machine performs the milking operation by first causing the teat to
be squeezed tight at the base or root close to the udder by which means communi-
cation between the interior of the teat and the udder is interrupted; the upper
portion of the teat is then compressed between two surfaces causing the milk to be
ejected owing to communication between the udder and the teat being temporarily
interrupted.
It will thus be seen that this method of milking exactly corresponds with the
muscular structure of the teats which are narrowed at the orifice causing a resistance
which it is necessary to overcome in milking. The complete milking-machine is a
double or twin-machine comprising two exactly similar milking-apparatuses which
allow of four teats, two on each side, being milked at once. The two apparatuses
are arranged in a special franie or holder in such a way that they can be easily
adjusted to the position of the teats on the udder; they are provided with an actuating
mechanism which does not interfere with the means for adjustment. Either part of the
twin-apparatus can be employed separately if desired.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which,
Figure 1 is a plan of the milking apparatus.
Figure 2 is a side view.
Figure 3 is a vertical section on line A, A of Figures I and 2.
Figure 4 is a plan of the frame for holding the apparatus.
Figure 5 is a vertical section on line B, B of Figure 4, and
Figure 6 is a front elevation.
The milking-apparatus consists essentially of three lateral cushions or pads placed
parallel to each other. One of these cushions a remains fixed during the operation
of milking and is so arranged that the inner side of the teat is pressed against it.
This is called the supporting or laying on cushion since the teat rests against or is
supported by it during milking.
0
A small cushion c, serves to interrupt the communication between the teat and the
udder and is called the "clamp-cushion" as it effects the above purpose by tightly
clamping or compressing the upper portion of the teat. The third cushion b₁ causes
the milk to be discharged from the teat and is termed the milking-cushion. Each
of these cushions is provided with a backing a, b, c, to which the cushions a, b, co
is securely attached. The backing c₁ of the cushion co is furnished with two pins or
projections which pass through the backing b₁ of the cushion b, and also through
two guides or brackets b₂. The pins c₂ are provided with spiral springs b, between
the backing c, and the guides b, which serve to keep the cushion e, pressed forwards
and keep the heads of the pins c, in contact with the guide pieces bo. The cushion co
thereby assumes a position somewhat above the cushion b and projects somewhat
beyond its upper edge. The backing b₁ of the cushion bo is provided at its upper
part at the ends with pins be working in a horizontal slot bin the two end pieces a to
which the backing a₁ of the cushion a, is attached so as to form with the sheet metal
cover d the frame of the milking apparatus. Spiral-springs be normally keep the
milking-cushion and the clamp-cushion away from the supporting-cushion.
7

page_text: The two milking apparatuses are connected with each other by means of four
rods mounted in sleeves on a common axle or shaft g₁ carrying a toothed
wheel ge
and
The other ends of these rods are connected with sleeves mounted on axles g¹ which
work in bearings in the end pieces a,. By this means one of the rods f above the
toothed wheel g2 and the corresponding rod underneath it connect the axle 91 with one
of the milking apparatus, while the two other rods f connect the axle g, with the
second milking apparatus. On each of the axles or shafts g, between the two connect-
ing rods f, is mounted a toothed wheel g, which engages with the toothed wheel g₂
on the outside of the connecting rods fare arranged two cams 95
and ge
A pinion h
is mounted on one of the axles 93 and mesbes with a second pinion ₂ secured upon
the axle 3 operated by the crank h, and working in bearings in the end piece a
of
the corresponding milking apparatus. Each of the above-mentioned cams g, and ge
works against a friction roller situated at the bend of a bell crank lever i. Each of
these levers is pivotted at i, in the end pieces a, and carries at its pivotting point an
arm which acts as a spring, and is provided at its extremity with a friction
roller by means of which it works on the portion of the milking-cushion nearest
the lever. The part of the milking-cushion 6, which is furthest from the levers i, is
acted upon by friction rollers i situated at the end of arms or rods i, which act as
springs and are connected to arms i, pivotted to bolts is in the same end plate a2.
Movement is transmitted to the arms or rods i, by means of projecting pins i, at
the end of the corresponding bent lover i, which work in the longitudinal slots of
the arms ig.
Instead of the two pairs of arms and i, provided with springs, two such arms
may be employed, one above and one below, working upon the middle of the backing
of the milking-cushion; the springs b, in this case are arranged at the end of the
milking-cushion. The said arms may be also made to work doad" instead of, as
described above, working with springs, in which case however a pair of springs
would be attached to the back of or behind the supporting-cushion by means
*
of which the same result may be obtained as that derived from the action of the
spring arms.
cushion
a
When using the machine the teats are introduced into it as shown in Figure 1 by
shading and in Figure 3 by dotted lines and the cranks, are then turned. Motion
is transmitted to the two axles g, and their cams g, and y, by means of the toothed
gearing hereinbefore described in such a manner that the upper cam g, on each of
the axles moves, by means of the corresponding levers, rods, &c., the upper edge of
the milk-cushion together with the clamp-cushion co towards the supporting-
until approximately the position shewn in the drawing is reached when
the teats are clamped tight causing communication between them and the udder
to be interrupted. During the time in which the clamp-cushion and the upper
edge of the milking-cushion continue in this position, the cams g, press the lower
part of the milking-cushion slowly towards the supporting-cushion by means of the
corresponding levers, rods, &c. By this means the milk is expelled from the teat.
As soon as this has taken place the cams geliberate the milking-cushions almost
simultaneously whereupon they return to their original positions under the action of
the spiral springs b. In this manner the machine continues to act upon the teats as
long as the cranks are turned.
For the purpose of utilising the adjustability of both the milking apparatuses the
special frame shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6 is employed. This frame consists of
two T-pieces and 4, each of which is provided with a segment k₂ and l₂ formed
externally with grooves or rebates and for the reception of hooks. The
Tpiece is also provided with guides k, for which corresponding holes or collars
are arranged in the T-piece k₁. The object of this arrangement is to enable both
the T-pieces to be advanced towards or withdrawn from each other within certain
limits. By means of a spindle m, provided with a handle and which has also a screw
shaped part that engages with the T-piece and passes through the T-piece k₁ with
which the projecting ring m, is in contact, the two T pieces can be kept apart so as to

page_text: permit of fixing the milking apparatuses in whatever position the situation of the
teats renders necessary. The segments are all of the same radius namely the half of the
distance between the hooks and 4 in the corresponding milking-apparatus. In
consequence of the segments having this form, the milking apparatuses may be
adjusted independently of one another and any desired angle, within certain limits,
relatively to the T-pieces can be given to them. These limits depend upon the
segments which determine the capabilities of adjusting or altering the adjustment of
the apparatuses as required. To enable the hooks k, and to better grip the
grooves and 3 they may be lined at the bottom with india rubber or leather.
The eye P
in the T-piece k, and the hook 7 on both the T-pieces allow of the frame
being attached to suitable supports, for instance, a band crossed over the back of the
cow and connected with a chain for securing the hook. This arrangement may
however vary considerably and is consequently not further described.
It will be obvious that the milking machine above described may be varied or
modified without the essence of my invention being thereby offected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
:-
(1) A milking machine or apparatus in which the teats are first clamped or
compressed at the root between a fixed supporting or laying-on cushion or pad or other
hard surface such as a, and a small clamp-cushion or pad such as co, for the purpose
of interrupting the internal connection between the udder and the teat and in which
also the teat is slowly compressed from top to bottom by means of a milking pad such
as 6, at the upper edge of which is arranged the clamp cushion or pad in such a way
that the milking cushion is given a vertically inclined position to the supporting or
laying-on cushion which is effected by a spiral spring such as be separating the lower
part of the milking cushion from the laying-on cushion, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
(2) The combination of two of the milking apparatuses described in Claim 1, by
means of rods, each of which is connected at one end to a vertical axle g arranged
at the end of one of the milking apparatuses and at the other end to a third
vertical axle 9, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
(3) The means for operating the clamp-cushion and the milking-cushion in the
combined milking apparatus referred to in Claims 1 and 2 consisting of a crank,
the axle of which is connected by toothed wheels with the vertical axte g3 of
one of the machines from which axle motion is communicated by means of toothed
wheel: 2 and g, to the vertical axles of the apparatuses and to the corresponding
levers, and the arms i, and i, which act as springs and operate the milking
cushions or pads substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
(4) A frame for the milking machines referred to in Claims 1 and 2 consisting of
two T-pieces k, and which secure the two machines by means of two segments k₂
and provided with grooves and hooks to correspond, such T-pieces being so
arranged as to be held apart for adjusting the apparatuses in position for which
purpose the segments on one T-piece are bent or arched in the opposite direction to
those on the other T-piece and are all of the same radius, namely the distance
between the hooks of the corresponding machines substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 7th day of November 1890.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.