Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1889-Accepted, 6th Apr., 1889
1, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS of 23 Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a comi-
munication to me from abroad by Frederick Grinnell, of Providence, Providence
County, Rhode Island, in the United States of America, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
In the protection of a building from fire by an automatic fire extinguishing
apparatus, there are sometimes locations where it becomes necessary to protect the
sensitive parts of the sprinklers or extinguishers from the corrosive action of acid
fumes and the like.
It has been found for instance that in chemical works, bleacheries &c., the parts of
the sprinkler that, are designed to operate upon the occurrence of a fire were su
corroded as to render doubtful their prompt and efficient action. In such locations it
is only a matter of time for the fusible solder and the other sensitive parts of the
sprinkler to be so far consumed as to fall apart and release the water, thereby giving
rise to unnecessary trouble and damage.
The object of the invention therefore is to project from corrosion, the accumulation
of dirt &c., or mechanical injury, those parts of an automatic fire extinguisher which
are brought into action by the heat of the fire to liberate the water, and to this end
the invention consists generally and essentially of a protecting cap or valve fitted air
tight to the extinguisher, and held from within by a device adapted to be operated by
heat in such a manner as to release or throw off the cap when a certain temperature is
altained.
More specifically however the invention consists, firstly, in surrounding the
operative parts of such sprinklers with a glass or other non-corrodible globe or casing

page_text: sealed in place by a fusible non-corrodible sealing material which will melt or soften
when a certain degree of heat is attained and allow the globe to fall away from the
sprinkler and permit the latter to operate.
Secondly, of a protecting cap fitted to the base of the extinguisher covering the
valve and the heat actuated device, the latter by being connected to both the cap and
the valve through a lever fulcrummed on the base, or an arm projecting therefrom,
serving to hold both the valve and the cap to their respective seats.
Thirdly, of an air chamber surrounding and protecting the water valve and heat
actuated device, the said chamber being provided with an additional valve which is
forced off simultaneously with the water valve, the additional valve serving to keep
corrosive gases or dirt out of the air chamber and yet permitting the passage of the
water when liberated by the heat; and
Fourthly, in placing such heat actuated parts in the passage or chamber of the
extinguisher that communicates with the supply pipe, which is closed by a valve or
cap; the said valve or cap being held from within by the said heat actuated parts.
This form of the invention is more particularly applicable to what is known as the
Drypipe system of Automatic Fire Extinguishers," as in such a system the ex-
tinguishers are entirely free of water normally, and are therefore almost as sensitive
with the heat actuated device inside as when it is placed outside: but even in a wet-
pipe system the extinguishers may be so arranged as to have a small amount of air
trapped within them by the water so as to protect the thermal device from the cooling
action of the water. The same would apply to a Dry-pipe system when the water is
let into the pipes by the opening of an extinguisher. The simplest way to effect this
is to place the extinguishers above the pipes but there are other obvious ways of
accomplishing the same result.
-
In the accompanying drawings illustrative of these improvements:-
Figure 1 is a view of a sprinkler and globe, part of the latter being shown as
broken away to show the scaling joint.
Figure 2 is a view of the sprinkley freed from the globe, the parts of the globe
being shown as they are falling away.
Figure is a section, and
Figure is an underside view of the globe shown in figure L.
Figure 5 is a vertical section showing a paper cap or globe, and
Figure 6 is a similar view showing another method of sealing.
Figure shows the paper cap separated from the sprinkler.
Figure 8 is a sectional view of an extinguisher showing the composite protecting
caFigures
Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12 are similar views of modifications hereinafter described.
Figure 13 represents a sectional view through the centre of my improved ex-
tinguisher.
Figure 14 is a similar section taken on the line 2-2 figure 13.
Figure 15 represents a sectional view of an extinguisher embodying my present
improvements.
Figure 16 is a similar view in a plane at right angles to that of figure 15 and
showing certain modifications in the details.
Figure 17 represents a sectional view of a simple form of extinguisher, showing
the valve held internally according to my invention.
Figures 18 and 19 are sectional views, showing a modified form of the extinguisher,
shown in figure 17, in its closed and open positions respectively.
The various forms of the invention will now be particularly described in the order
in which they occur in the drawings, and first:-
As to figures 1 to 7 inclusive. This form of the invention is shown as applied to a
Grinnell sprinkler, though it would not be less useful in connection with other
sprinklers.
The sprinkler consists of a water check 1 held in placed by levers 2. 3. and the
latter being locked at by a soldered joint that will give way when the temperature
reaches a pre-determined point. The invention however, relates to the cap or

page_text: globe 5, which may be made of glass, wood, paper, rubber, or any suitable substance.
that will withstand the action of corrosive gases, and it may be formed in halves, as
shown, or in any number of parts, so that it will readily fall away from the sprinkler
upon the fusion of the sealing material which holds it together and to the sprinkler.
In the case illustrated in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, I have shown a glass or other
vitreous globe or cap made in two parts held together by sealing material S, which is
run in between flanges or ribs 10 cast upon the edges of the two halves. At the base
of the globe the ribs may diverge around a central stud, as shown in figure 4, so as
to form a more secure joint.
The globe is made in parts so that it will readily fall away from the sprinkler and
allow the heat to get at the soldered joint even when the sprinklers are placed
upright as is sometimes done. To facilitate the attachment of the globe to the
sprinkler the latter is provided with a collar 6 around its neck, the globe being
placed around the collar and sealed thereto by the fusible material S. The upper
part of the glass globe may be bulged as shown, so as to enable the sealing material
to hold it more securely.
In figures 5. 6 and 7 I have shown a paper cap and two modes of sealing it to
the sprinkler. Such a paper cap would in certain places be more desirable than a
glass one on account of its greater flexibility and consequent freedom from danger of
breakage. The parts of the paper cap may be scaled together by paper strip 7
fastened by means of the fusible sealing material over the joint between the two
halves of the cap. In figures 5 and 7 a metallic strip or ring is shown as fastened
permanently to the paper, and this strip by being soldered to the edges of the
collar may serve to hold the globe or cap in position. In this case however
fusible sealing material S should be run in over the soldered joint so as to prevent
the corrosion of the same. This soldered joint is independent of, and performs a
different function from that at 4, it having nothing to do with holding the water.
In figure 6, the paper cap is shown as held in place by means of the sealing
material S, alone, the cap being placed in position around the collar 6 and the sealing
material run into the annular space between the collar and the upper edge of the cap.
In this figure the section is shown through the joint between the two halves of the
cap
The scaling material 8 with which the parts, of the globe or cap are held together,
and with which the cap itself is held to the sprinkler, should be fusible at or below
the temperature at which the sealing joint at 4 will melt. It should also be non-
corrodible, such substances as paraffine, pitch and the like being suitable for the
purpose.
The sealing material seals the globe hermetically and as both the globe and sealing
material are non-corrodible it is evident that the joint that holds the water in check
as well as the other sensitive parts of the sprinkler are perfectly protected from the
action of corrosive gases. Upon the occurrence of a fire in the vicinity of the
sprinkler, the heat will cause the sealing material to melt so that the cap may fall
away before the joint at 4 fuses.
I am aware that metal caps have been used with sprinklers, but such caps were not
non-corrodible and therefore do not come within the scope of my present invention.
Such caps form no protection to the fusible solder that holds the water in check, and!
they were not designed to do so. I am also aware that glass has been used to hold
the water in check, but such glass was not used as a non-corrodible casing to the
sensitive parts of the sprinkler.
In figures 8 to 12 inclusive, the protecting cap may be held on to the sprinkler or
extinguisher by a heat actuated device independent of that which holds the valve
closing the water outlet, or I may use the cap for holding the valve; or the valve for
helding the cap; in the former case the cap being held by the said device, and in the
latter case the valve being so held.
In whatever form I apply the invention it is my intention to have the heat actuated
device entirely within the space closed by the cap, so as to be protected thereby, and
to accomplish this I prefer to add a mechanical connection between the said devier

page_text: and the cap or sprinkler, so that the cap may be attached after the said heat actuated
device has been adjusted.
The heat actuated device may be the well known soldered joint, or any other
suitable heat actuated device.
The joint between the protecting cap and the sprinkler is made air tight and may
be sealed with wax or other non-corrodible packing, but this scaling plays no part in
holding the cap in place; the heat actuated device which is depended upon for this
purpose being placed preferably as far from the body of the sprinkler and the said
joint as possible so as to be less influenced by the cooling action of the metal of the
sprinkler and of the water contained therein. The profecting cap may be made in
whole or in part of non-corrodible or heat insulating material.
Referring first to figure S, the base 1 of the extinguisher is of the usual pattern
having water passage and flexible valve seat. The valve 4 is also of the usual
pattern having deflector 5 attached to it. The deflector is guided by screw studs Gª
which support the cross piece 7, the studs and cross piece forming what I call the
yoke. A post 8 screws into the cross piece, and the angle of the end of the post is
selerer at 9 to a metallic cap 10 fitted and scaled into a hole in the cap 11. This
cap 11 is of glass or other non-corrodible substance and it is preferably also of a
character that will conduct heat poorly. It is seated with an air tight joint to the
periphery of the base of the extinguisher, and it is provided with a flauge or lugs 12
that project far enough inward to bear upon the deflector and thereby hold the valve
closed. The meeting edges of the base and cap may be flared as shown, and in the
arovice thus formed, twine, yam, or the like, 13, saturated with paraffine, or other
non-corrodible and fusible substance, may be wrapped to make the joint air tight.
The cap 10 may be sealed into the glass cap by plaster of Paris, sealing wax, or
the like, and it may be coated with or made of a non-corrodible substance.
In figure 9 I have shown a modification in which a rigid valve seat is used together
with an adjustable cap seat. The latter is formed by a ring 14" screwed on to the
periphery of the base, and capable of being turned thereon until it seats up against
the cap the deflector is in this case, as shown, secured to the cap by a screw thread,
and the studs 6º are shown adjustable from the outside so as to permit the adjustment
of the valve without disturbing the cap.
The heat actuated device is here shown as consisting of a hook 8" engaging under a
Jug 15 on the yoke and formed of two metals which expand differently with heat, so
int when subjected to an abnormal temperature, the hook will be bent out and free
from the dog 15 and thus release the cap and valve. The cap is supposed in this
case to be of metal and the hook is rivetted or otherwise secured to the crown of the
cap as shown. A lug 9 on cross piece 7" serves to limit the motion of the dog 15ª so
that while the latter can swing freely upon the cross piece for normal movement of the
hook S, yet when the hook is bent beyond the ordinary by an abnormal increase in
temperature, the dog will rest against the lug 9 and allow the hook to be forced free
of the dog.
The ring 14 may be made of vulcanized fibre or other non-metallic substance so as
io-first, prevent sticking by corrosion, and second, to prevent the flow of heat from
the cap to the base. The deflector 5" may have between it and the cap, a ring 16ª of
similar heat insulating material.
In figure 10 I have shown a modification in which the valve or deflector holds the
rap, and in this ease the cap may be of glass with interior lugs 12 engaging under
arms or flanges extending out from the deflector 5. The valve and deflector are in
this case held by yoke 7, levers 8ª, and soldered joint 9 in the well known way.
The lugs 12 do not extend all around the cap but are sufficiently far apart to allow
the arms 17 in pass up between them, when a slight turn of the cap is all that is
necessary to lock it into place like a bayonet joint. The lugs 12ª or the arms 17
should be inclined slightly, so as to wedge the cap down to its seat as it is turned.
In figure 11 is shown a modification similar to that shown in figure 9, but differing
in the fact that it shows a glass globe or cap instead of a metallic one. The lugs 12ª
are made wedge shaped, and serve by being forced in under cross piece 18ª to hold
:

page_text: the cap
to its seat. The same lugs by being wedged in over the deflector will hold
the valve to its seat. The cross piece 18 may be soldered to the yoke 7 by fusible
solder.
In figure 12 the capis-shown flattened out into a disk and is made one with the
deflector and valve. In this figure I have shown two soldered latch devices engaging
under the inclined lip 19 of the adjustable seat 14 and soldered at 20 to the cap.
There are two of these devices shown, one on each side, but one could be dispensed
with for the reason that when one of the devices S is sufficiently released, the
pressure in the pipe will throw the valve from its seat. The valve seat may be of the
Eexible kind, or it may be made adjustable by a screw-thread, as shown.
In all these different forms it will be noticed that the cap forms a protecting shield
over the heat actuated device, so that the same will be protected from corrosive gases.
dirt or mechanical injury in the most perfect manner, and at the same time allowing
the water when released by the valve to exert its pressure upon the extended surface
of the cap, thereby insuring its prompt and complete removal.
Referring to figures 13 and 14. The base or body of the extinguisher 1" is formed
with a water passage 2", and is adapted to be screwed into a water distributing pipe
in the usual manner.
Around the periphery of the base I form a seat 3b for the protecting cap. The
water passage is closed by a valve 4" and this valve may be secured to or form part of
a deflector in the usual way, and I prefer also to use in connection with this form the
flexible valve seat 5h, the flexibility of the seat operating to keep the port closed while
the valve moves the short distance necessary to force the cap to its seat.
The valve is held closed against the Huid pressure in the water pipe by a strut G
bearing against the centre of the valve at one end and the end of the lever 7 at the
other end. The said lever 7 is fulcrummed on a roke Sb secured to base 1" by
pius 12, and the other end of the lever is held by a hook 9 which may be secured to
the cap 10 by any of the well known heat actuated devices. In figure 13 I have
shown the cap 10° as made of glass with lugs 13 on its interior surface, and between
these lugs I fasten a metallic anchorage plate 11 to which the hook 9" is attached by
joint 14 of fusible solder.
Upon the occurrence of a fire in the vicinity of the sprinkler the solder melts and
releases the hook 9', whereupon the Huid under pressure in the pipes forces the valve
from its seat, it being no longer restrained by lever 7 and the fluid passing into the
cap exerts its full force to throw it off its seat, thus allowing the water to escape and
extinguish the fire.
The joint between the cap 10° and base I may be filled by a washer of paper or
cloth saturated with paraffine or the like, or it may simply be greased over with any
non-corrodible substance that will melt at or below the operative temperature of the
sprinkler. In figure 14 I have shown a metallic cap which may be painted on the
outside to protect it from corrosion, and in places where dirt is liable to accumulate it
may be pointed as shown so as to present the minimum amount of horizontal surface.
In figure 14 the heat actuated device 9b is fastened directly to the cap and is formed
of two pieces of metal, as for instance, brass and steel, which expand differently, and
which are fastened together so that an abnormal increase of heat will cause it to bend
out enough to release the lever 7" from the hook. In this figure I have also shown a
igid valve seat and an adjustable cap seat. 75, but I may use both the flexible valve
seat and the adjustable cap seat in the same device, the two together giving a greater
nicety of adjustment than either alone would give.
When an extinguisher such as shown in figure 13 is screwed into the water
distributing pipe and the base properly painted, the risk of its failing to operate even
under the worst conditions is exceedingly small. All the sensitive parts are completely
protected from dirt or corrosion, the heat actuated device is as far removed from the
water as possible, the glass cap permits the radiant heat to have its full effect upon the
parts designed to be released thereby, and finally the pressure in the pipes is brought
into play not only to hold both the cap and valve closed at normal temperatures but

page_text: also when released by the heat actuated device to open the valve and throw off
the cap
This feature of the confined fluid passing into the cap and operating directly upon
the said cap to throw it from its seat is an important one in a device of this character,
a slight sticking of the cap to its seat being easily overcome because of the extent
of surface against which the pressure is exerted.
Where a rigid seat is used as shown in figure 14, I prefer to have a spring, as for
instance a plate spring 25b interposed somewhere in the device holding the valve.
The plate spring shown bears upon the valve and has a notch in its upper surface in
which the strut rests. By this means the valve will be held to its seat by an elastic
force and the device will be rendered thereby less liable to leakage.
The forms shown at figures 15 and 16 it will be seen are somewhat similar to the
two last described. The lower part of the body 1° of the extinguisher being of the
usual form, it having a neck adapted to fit into a water pipe and a valve seat as at 2",
closed by any suitable valve 3. The valve seat is preferably on a flexible diaphragm,
ps shown in figure 15.
Above this base I form the air chamber 4 but in its upper or outer part I form a
second valve seat 5e upon which rests a second valve 6. This chamber may be formed
integrally with the base 1" or it may be made separate, as shown.
In figure 16 the chamber is formed by a glass cylinder or cap, which is held down
to the base by the ring 8 and screws 9, the ring bearing down on flange 20° on the
cap. Gaskets 10 of suitable yielding material may be used for packing between the
edges of the cylinder and the base and ring, and plaster of Paris may also be used to
seal the joint. I may make the outer valve seat adjustable, as shown in figure 15.
and it may be made of a non-conductor of heat so as to keep the heat from being
carried away from the valve or the body of the extinguisher.
In figure 15 the outer valve is extended so as to form a deflector when open, and it
is provided with inwardly extending hooked guide arms 19 which engage with the
edges of the orifice as the valve moves outward and hold it in a proper position to
deflect the water onto the fire.
The heat actuated device inside the chamber may be of any of the known forms and
it may serve to hold only the water valve, the other valve not having to withstand any
pressure would in such case be simply set in place or lightly fastened, as for instance
with paraffine. I have shown however a heat actuated device adapted to hold both
valves to their seats by the same force. It consists as in figures 13 and 14 of a
strut 11 bearing upon the water valve and held down by a lever 12 which is
fulcrummed upon a cross-piece 13 and whose end is caught in the hooked end of a
piece 14 soldered to the discharge valve at 15ª with a solder fusible at the temperature
at which it is desired to have the extinguisher operate, the cross-piece 13 which may
be fastened to the side of the chamber as in figure 15, or to the base, as in figure 16,
is preferably made flat and flexible or springy so as to allow the valves to adjust
themselves to their respective seats. It is not necessary however to use a spring for
this purpose, when a flexible valve seat is employed such as shown in figure 15 as the
pressure in the pipes will in this case serve to hold both ports closed.
The outer port closed by the outer or second valve may be made smaller or of the
same size as the inlet port so as to form the discharge port for the water. The guide
arms on the outlet valve may be extended beyond their hooked portions so as to
form obstructions preventing the stopping of the outlet by the inlet valve when it is
thrown from its seat by the water. The outer valve which is exposed on the outer
surface may be coated on that surface with paint or an electro plate of gold or
platinum or it may be made of any metal not liable to corrode in the atmosphere
in which it is used. It will be seen that both the valve orifices are small enougü
to present no difficulties in fitting a feature that is of considerable importance, as
both valves must be air tight: In this extinguisher every thing at all liable to
corrosion, that cannot on account of its having certain motions be painted or otherwise
rotected, is protected by being placed within the air chamber. This air chambér

page_text: also prevents the accumulation of dirt in the joints of such moving parts, and also
prevents the moving parts from being bent or otherwise mechanically injured so as
to interfere with their proper operation. In fact this method of constructing au
automatic sprinkler with the valve controlling heat actuated device enclosed in a
practically air tight chamber renders it possible to make the said device in various
desirable forms which would be impracticable if they were not so enclosed and protected.
I do not confine myself in this invention to the use of any particular form of
valve controlling heat actuated device for although I have shown only a device
held by fusible solder, the invention is equally applicable for the protecting of any
heat actuated devices.
Referring lastly to figures 17, 18 and 19. The extinguisher chamber 1 is fitted
into the water supply pipe 24 and its discharge outlet is closed by a valve 3ª. The
valve is held closed by its being soldered at the point 4d to the stem 5; the solder
being of a kind that will release the parts upon the occurrence of abnormal heat.
The stem 5 passes through a cross piece Gd secured to the chamber 1ª and a nut 74
screwed into the stem serves to adjust the valve to its seat and hold it there. In this
instance a spring Sd may be interposed between the nut and the cross-piece so as to
give a yielding pressure on the valve. I may also use in connection with this device
a valve seat or ring 9 of heat insulating material so as to prevent the heat being
conducted away too rapidly from the soldered joint to the water. The valve may
be extended as shown, to form a deflector for the water when it is open and to
hold it at a proper distance from the outlet, it may be provided with guide links 10t
adapted to catch upon the cross piece Gd when the valve is thrown open and thus
hold the deflector. In figures 18 and 19 I have shown a modification of the form
shown at figure 17, in which former the valve 3 opens downward and is held to
its seat by being connected by stem 5d to a flexible diaphragm 114, the pressure
in the pipes acting against the diaphragm serving to draw up the valve and hold
it closed with a force always proportioned to and in excess of the force tending to
open the valve. The extinguisher chamber shown in figures 18 and 19 consists of
a body 1d having a neck 12 which may be screwed into the supply pipe 24 as shown.
The upper part of the body is placed outwardly as shown, and to its upper edge is
secured the flexible diaphragm 11 the joint between the two being made air tight.
The soldered joint is made at point-between the stem and the diaphragm, the other
end of the stem being screwed into the valve. Extending downward around the
stem 5 is a partition 13 the same forming an air chamber enclosing the soldered
joint and protecting it from the water which otherwise might be thrown against. it;
The partition may be contracted at the point 14 where it opens into the extinguisher
chamber so as to still further prevent the free access of wafer without preventing the
pressure of the water from acting upon the air in the said air chamber so as to force
out the diaphragm. The diaphragm should be made larger than the valve so as to
more than balance the pressure against the valve. When the soldered joint is released
by heat the cross piece 15d at the top of the stem will prevent the valve from opening
more than a limited distance by catching against the inside of the partition 1
When the water is let into the pipes the air chamber will form an air trap as shown
in figure 1S, thus protecting the soldered joint from the cooling action of the water.
Instead of the soldered joint I may use any other form of heat actuated device the
invention relating solely to the means of protecting such devices and not to the
devices themselves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is--
1. The combination with an automatic fire extinguisher having metallic parts for
holding the water in check and releasing the same upon the occurrence of a fire; of
a globe made of non-corrodible material secured permanently and hermetically to the
extinguisher and enclosing the said parts so as to protect the same from the action of
corrosive gases.

page_text: 2. The combination with an automatic fire extinguisher having metallic parts for
holding the water in check and releasing the same upon the occurrence of a fire, and
having also a base adapted to fit a covering globe, of a non-corrodible globe fitted
air-tight to such base and enclosing the said parts so as to protect them from the
action of corrosive gases.
3. The combination with an automatic fire extinguisher having metallic parts for
holding the water in check and releasing the same upon the occurrence of a fire, of
a non-corrodible cap or globe enclosing such parts and hermetically sealed with
non-corrodible sealing material.
4. The combination with an automatic fire extinguisher having metallic parts for
holding the water in check and releasing the same upon the occurrence of a fire, of
a non-corrodible cap or globe enclosing such parts and hermetically sealed with
a non-corrodible sealing material that will melt or soften at or below the operative
temperature of the extinguisher.
5. The combination of an automatic fire extinguisher with a protecting cap or
globe therefor made in parts and sealed together with a fusible and non-corrodible
sealing material.
G. The combination of an automatic fire extinguisher with a non-corrodible cap
adapted to cover the same made in parts and sealed together with a fusible and
non-corrodible sealing material.
7. The combination with an automatic fire extinguisher of a paper or other fibrous
composition cap surrounding the same, substantially as set forth.
S. The combination of an automatic fire extinguisher with a paper cap therefor.
a metallic attachment secured to the cap, where it will abut on part of the extin-
guisher, and a soldered connection between the attachment and the extinguisher.
9. The combination of the automatic fire extinguisher with the paper cap, the
metallic attachment secured to the cap, the soldered connection between the said
attachment and the extinguisher, and a covering of non-corrodible material over the
soldered connection.
10. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of the valve closing the
water passage, a protecting air-tight cap and a heat-actuated device controlling the
cap and located in the space closed by the cap.
11. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of tlie valve closing the
water passage, a protecting cap fitted air-tight to the extinguisher base outside
the valve and a heat actuated device enclosed entirely within the cap and operating
to hold the cap to the extinguisher base until released by heat.
12. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of the valve closing the
water passage a protecting air-tight cap, and a heat actuated device located in the
space closed by the cap and holding cap and valve to place.
13. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of the valve closing the
water passage a cap protecting and enclosing the valve and heat actuated device said
device secured on the interior surface of the cap and operating to release the
abnormal temperature.
cap
al an
14. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of the valve closing the
water passage with a protecting cap covering the valve and enclosing a heat actuated
device adapted to hold the cap to its seat until released by heat, the said cap made
partly of heat conducting material and partly of heat insulating material, and the
said device secured to the heat conducting part.
15. In an automatic fire extinguisher, the combination of the valve closing the
water passage, a cap fitted to the extinguisher base and holding the valve to its seat
with a heat operated device secured onto the interior of the cap and operating to
release the cap and valve at an abnormal temperature.
16. The combination in an automatic fire extinguisher of the body of the extin-
guisher a valve closing a passage through the body controlled by a heat actuated
device, a collar of heat insulating material attached to the body and a cap enclosing
said device and resting against said heat insulating collar.
17. Au automatic fire extinguisher comprising the following elements, a valve

page_text: closing a water pipe, a heat actuated device holding the valve closed against the
pressure in the pipe, said device holding an enclosing cap seated on the extinguisher
whereby the heat actuated device is utilized to hold both the cap and valve to their
seats until the said device is actuated by abnormal temperature.
18. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of a valve closing the water
passage, a cap seated on the extinguisher and covering the valve and a heat actuated
device inside the cap, connecting the valve and the cap through a lever, the fulcrum
of which is supported from the base of the extinguisher.
19. The combination of the base 1' having passage 2", valve 4 yoke 8, lever 7
strut 6, cap 10b fitted to base 1' and enclosing the parts as shown, and a device
as 9 connecting lever 7 to the cap and releasing both lever and cap when subjected
to a temperature above the normal.
20. The combination of the extinguisher base having a water passage as shown
with an imperforate cap fitted air tight to the base and enclosing between it and the
base a valve covering the water passage and also enclosing a re-acting thermal
device, the latter having a bearing on a fixture to the base and holding both the
valve and the cap to their respective seats.
21. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of the base with a non-
corrodible cap
seated thereon.a valve closing a passage through the base, and a heat
actuated device secured to the inside of the cap, said device bearing against a support
from the base and the valve whereby the said device holds the valve and the cap to
their seats.
22. The combination of the extinguisher body having the water passage closed by
a valve; a flexible valve seat for the said valve, a cap seated on said body, a heat
actuated device located entirely within the cap and holding the valve closeil agains
its. moveable seat and also holding the cap to the body.
23. The combination of the extinguisher body having a water passage, and a valve
for closing the same, with a cap enclosing a heat actuated device, and the valve, the
former holding both the valve and the cap to their seats, and the said body having
an adjustable seat for the cap.
21. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination with-the-extinguisher body
having a water passage as shown and a valve closing such passage, of a heat actuated
device controlling the valve, and an imperforate non-corrodible cap seated on the
body and enclosing said valve and heat actuated device, the said cap having secured
to its interior wall a metallic anchorage to which the said device is attached.
25. The combination of the base having the water passage as shown and a valve
closing the same, a heat actuated device supported from the base holding the valve
closed and a glass cap fitted to the base and enclosing the valve and heat actuated
device, the said cap having a metallic anchorage secured to its interior wall to which
the heat actuated device is attached.
26. In an automatic fire extinguisher the combination of an air chamber, a valve
closing an inlet port between said chamber and supply pipe, a second valve closing
an outlet port from said chamber, and a heat actuated device enclosed within the air
chamber and holding both valves closed.
27. The combination in an automatic fire extinguisher of an air chamber, a supply
pipe, a valve closing an inlet port from the supply pipe to the air chamber a second
valve closing a discharge port from said air chamber and a heat actuated device
holding both of said valves closed, and located entirely within the air chamber
independently of either valve seat, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
28. The combination in an automatic fire extinguisher of an air chamber, a supply
pipe, a valve closing an inlet port from the supply pipe to the air chamber, a second
valve closing a discharge port from said air chamber, a heat actuated device located
entirely within said air chamber and holding both valves closed and resilient
mechanism adapted to cause the valves to be seated with elastic pressure, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
29. The combination in an automatic fire extinguisher, of an air chamber, a
supply pipe, a valve closing an inlet port from the supply pipe to the air chamber

page_text: a second valve closing a discharge port from said air chamber, a heat actuated
device located entirely within said air chamber, a lever, a rod connecting one end
of said lever with said heat actuated device, the rod 11e supporting the other end of
said lever and resting upon one of said valves and an elastic medium against which
said lever bears, substantially as set forth.
30. An automatic fire extinguisher having a chamber communicating with the
supply pipe, a valve closing a discharge outlet and a heat actuated device located
within the chamber and adapted to cause the opening of the valve when the
temperature rises above the normal. .
31. An automatic fire extinguisher.having a discharge outlet, said outlet being
closed by a valve-controlled by a heat actuated device located in an air space com-
municating with the water-supply and trapped by the water.
32. An automatic fire extinguisher having a chamber communicating with the
supply pipe, a valve closing an outlet and held closed against the pressure from
within by a heat actuated device located entirely within the chamber, the said device
being attached to a yielding or moveable part of the said chamber, so as to cause
the internal pressure to hold the valve closed.
33. An automatic fire extinguisher having a chamber communicating with the
supply pipe, a valve closing an outlet, a flexible diaphragm in the wall of said
chamber and the heat actuated device in the chamber connecting the diaphragm and
the valve for the purpose set forth.
34. The combination in an automatic fire extinguisher, of an extinguisher chamber
communicating with the supply pipe, an air chamber leading into the extinguisher
chamber, valve closing an outlet, and a heat actuated device located in said air
chamber and controlling the valve.
35. The combination in an automatic fire extinguisher of an extinguisher chamber
communicating with the supply pipe, an air chamber located within the extinguisher
chamber, the said air chamber having an inlet from the extinguisher chamber, a
valve closing an outlet, and a heat actuated device in said air chamber controlling the
valve.
36. The combination in an automatic fire extinguisher of an extinguisher chamber
communicating with the supply pipe, an air chamber leading into the extinguisher
chamber through a contracted inlet, a valve closing an outlet for the water and a
heat actuated device located in said air chamber and controlling the valve.
37. A fire extinguisher substantially as herein shown and described.
Dois as
L
M 1980
B. J. B. MILLS.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.