Improvements in Ploughs.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1885.
Complete Left, 12th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th Mar., 1887.
Improvements in Ploughs.
We JAMES HORNSBY, Agricultural Engineer JEREMIAH MONEY, Machine fitter and
WILLIAM GRICE, ploughmair, all of Spittlegate Iron Works Grantham in the County
of Lincoln do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate principally to ploughs on which the attendant ordinarily
rides, but some of our improvements are applicable to other ploughs-These improve-
ments consist principally of novel means of steering the implements, raising them
out of work and also making them more simple and efficient in their action.
We construct our improved plough on which the attendant ordinarily rides, and
which may be adapted for one or any number of furrows in the following manner.
The framework of the plough may be of any desired construction. Towards the front
end of the implement we mount a cranked axle, having a wheel at each end of the
axle, one wheel on each side of the plough, the wheel on the land side serves two
purposes, first it regulates the depth it is desired to plough and second this wheel with
the assistance of the wheel at the opposite end of the cranked axle lifts the plough or
ploughs out of work and carries the front part of the implement clear of the ground
until it is desired to set the plough to work again. To this cranked axle we connect
a lever to lift the plough or ploughs out of work also by a suitable quadrant and a
locking bolt on the lever to adjust the depth it is desired to plough In heavy
implements we find it difficult for the attendant to lift the ploughs out of the ground;
to assist him to do this we stop the land side wheel from revolving by a ratchet shaped
boss on the land wheel coming in contact with the end of a stop lever mounted on
the lower end of the cranked axle This stop lever may be operated by a hand or
foot lever.
When the plough is in work the stop lever is clear of the ratchet shaped boss, but
when it is desired to lift the implement out of work (by a hand or foot lever) this stop
lever is brought into contact with one of the teeth of the ratchet and stops the rotation
of the land wheel and thus assists in lifting the plough or ploughs out of the ground.
When the plough is lifted a sufficient height from the ground, the stop lever is moved
clear of the ratchet by a part of the mechanism coming into contact with a fixed
•

page_text: stop so that as soon as the plough or ploughs are lifted the land wheel is at liberty
to revolve.
In most ploughs on which the attendant rides it is usual to have a pole.
We dispense with the pole and turn the implement by pivoting the wheel which
runs in the furrow behind the plough To the top of this wheel standard we attach an
arm standing at right angles to the travel of the plough, to this arm we pivot a rod,
the opposite end of this rod is jointed to a lever mounted within easy reach of the
driver The lever is fitted with a locking bolt which engages with a notched quadrant
which is mounted beside the lever, this fixes the position of the wheel in line with the
travel of the plough. When it is desired to turn the plough the attendant disengages
the bolt from the quadrant and by moving the lever one way or the other alters the
line of travel of the wheel at the back of the plough so that the wheel runs in the
direction the plough is desired to turn.
At the forepart of the plough we mount the furrow wheel which gauges the width
of furrow it is desired to plough.
Sometimes it is desirable to temporařily adjust this wheel either towards or away
from the plough to straighten the work.
We effect this in the following manner The stem of the furrow wheel axle is
attached to an adjustable horizontal slide bar which is mounted in a moveable socket
and by a set screw in this socket a permanent set is given to the slide for the width of
furrow it is desired to plough.
For straightening the work we mount this socket on two links one end of the links
being pivoted to a suitable bracket made fast to the plough, the other ends of the
links are pivoted to the socket that carries the slide A suitable adjusting lever
within easy reach of the attendant is pivoted on a fixed bracket, the extreme end of
the lever operating the slide, the opposite end of the lever being within easy reach
of the attendant.
This lever may be fixed in position by allowing the lever to rest in notches on a
quadrant made fast to the plough frame.
By moving this lever either one way or the other the socket and furrow, wheel of
the plough is moved so that a greater or less width of furrow is made as desired for
straightening the work.
A seat for the attendant may be mounted on any convenient part of the plough.

page_text: We JAMES HORNSBY, JEREMIAH MONEY, and WILLIAM GRICE, all of Grantham in
the County of Lincoln, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PLOUGHS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our improvements relate principally to Ploughs on which the attendant usually
rides but some of our improvements are applicable to other ploughs. These improve-
ments consist principally of novel means of steering the Implement and raising it out
of work and also making it more simple and efficient in its action. Our Invention is
illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a side elevation and
Figure 2 is a plan view of a Plough shewing our improvements: Figure 3 is a plan
view of the mechanism we employ for straightening the furrows. The framework of
the Plough may be of any desired construction consisting of beams A. A. which may
he secured in position and adjusted for width of furrow by screws B. B. B. the beam
being secured in the desired position by the nuts on the screws. The Plough may
be constructed to take any number of furrows as may be desired. Towards the front
end of the implement we mount a cranked axle Chaving a wheel at each end of
the axle. The wheel D serves two purposes first it regulates the depth to be
ploughed, and second, when locked in position to prevent its rotation it becomes
a lever for raising the implement out of work and with the assistance of the wheel D¹
carries the plough clear of the ground until it is desired to set the plough io
work again. To the axle C we connect a lever E, across the upper end of which
we mount another lever E' which is pivoted at E to the lever E. The rod E
is jointed at e to the lever E¹ another rod F is jointed at F¹ to the lever E¹
the rod is jointed at its upper end to the lever and at its lower end to the
Lshaped lever G which is pivoted to the lever E at G¹. The rod G2 is jointed at
one end to the lever G and at the other end to a stop lever H which is pivoted at / on
the lever E. The ratchet His made fast to the wheel D and revolves with it. I is
a moveable slide or stop mounted on the guide J. This slide may be fixed in position
by the screw K according to the depth it is desired to plough. The operations are
as follows: When it is desired to raise the implement out of work the attendant
(who may be either on the seat or walking alongside the plough) raises the lever E¹
causing the rod F to raise the locking bolt L out of the notch in the slide I also by the
rod bringing the stop H into contact with one of the teeth on the ratchet Hand
thus stop the rotation of the wheel D thus turning the wheel D and axle C into a.
lever which by the forward motion of the implement raises the plough out of the
ground the front part of the implement being carried on the wheels D and D' until it
is desired to set the plough to work again. As the plough rises out of the ground
the slide or stop I reinains in position while the lever E passes alongside the guide J
until the locking bolt L drops into the notch M and the upper end of the lever or
bell crank G strikes against the projection N and withdraws the stop H from the
ratchet Hand thus allows the wheel D to revolve again. If desired the stop H may

page_text: be mounted differently to the method shown-it may be a rocking bar or a slide and
may be operated by hand or foot as may be desired.
Another part of our invention consists of means for steering the implement and
thus dispensing with the pole which is usually attached to riding ploughs. The back
wheel we attach to a round stem P which is free to move in the bracket having
a collar to support the parts in their proper position. The upper end of the stem P
is formed into a lever to which we joint an adjustable rod R the opposite end of the
rod R being jointed to a lever R¹ which is placed within easy reach of the driver. On
the lever Ris mounted a thumb lever R2 and locking bolt R which drops into a suitable
notch in the guide R thus ensuring the wheel O running in the proper line of travel
whilst the plough is at work but when the plough is raised out of work and is required
to turn the attendant by moving the lever R backward or forward may cause the
wheel O to travel in the direction in which it is desired the back part of the plough
shall turn. When the plough is out of work the whole weight of the implement is
carried on the wheels D. D and O so that it is possible to turn the implement in its
own length.
Another part of our improvements to riding ploughs is an arrangement for
straightening the line of furrow. To the fore part of the plough we attach a bracket S.
This is seen best at figure 3. To the bracket S we pivot two links S¹ S² which are
free to vibrate sideways but rigid upwards or downwards. The fore end of the
links S1 S2 are pivoted at S3 to a socket T through which the wheel slide U passes
the slide U being adjusted by the set screw V for the breadth of furrow it is desired
to plough. At W we pivot the bracket W which is free to vibrate on its pivot to
either side. A notch at the fore end of the bracket W embraces a projection W2 on
the socket T. To the back part of W we joint a guide lever X the upper end of
which comes within easy reach of the attendant the lever X being held in position by
the notched bracket Y. When it is desired to straighten the line of furrow the
attendant by moving the lever X to one side or the other may cause the front plough
to take a greater or less breadth of furrow as may be desired to straighten the
work. A scat for the attendant may be mounted on any convenient part of the
implement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is:-
First The method of raising the implement out of work by stopping the rotation
of the land side wheel.by the means shewn and described with reference to figures 1
and 2 of the drawings.
Second The means of steering or turning the implement by pivotting the back
furrow wheel and placing it under the control of the attendant as shewn and described
with reference to figures 1 and 2 of the drawings.
"Third In ploughs on which the attendant usually rides the means for straightening
the work as shown and described with reference to figures 2 and of the drawings.