IMPROVE MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HOOPS AND TYRES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Rothwell Jackson, of the Rolling Mill, Salford,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HOOPS AND TYRES."
Sealed the 29th December 1863, and dated the 22nd July 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Rothwell Jackson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd July 1863.
I, PETER ROTHWELL JACKSON. of the Rolling Mills. Salford, in the County
of Lancaster. Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HOOPS AND TYRES," to be
as follows: -
The first part of my Invention consists in combining with a moveable portion
of the table supporting the tyre or other article a guaging apparatus for
indicating the diameter. The spindle of the guaging roller revolves in a
taper socket, which is moved to and fro in the moveable portion of the table
by a screw. Indices are applied for shewing the approach of the compressing
rolls and the portion of the guaging roller.
Secondly, my Invention consists in the application of three rollers acting on
the edge of the hoop or tyre that is being rolled. One of these rollers acts on
the hoop or tyre while it is passing between the compressing rolls, and the
others are placed one on each side thereof. The rollers are or may be moved
[Price 8d.1

page_text: to and fro lengthwise of their axes by screws or other equivalents for squaring
and rounding the corners. These rollers may also be set at an angle to the
edge on which they act. and their relative positions can be altered or adjusted
by regulating screws or other equivalents: an index is also applied for indicating
the position of the rollers.
Thirdly, in moving one of the main compressing rolls endwise by means of a
screw or other equivalent during the rolling of the hoop or tyre.
Fourthly, in applying a roller to the upper and under edges of the hoop or
tyre after or before it has passed between the compressing rolls for contracting
the hoop or tyre and finishing the edges.
Fifthly, in removing the film or web that is sometimes left on the hoop or
tyre after it has been rolled by means of a roller or cutter supported in a lever.
the fulcrum of which is the centre of another roller which acts on the
periphery of the hoop or tyre: or the film or web may be removed by the
guaging or other roller acting on the hoop or tyre.
And. lastly, in the application of a thermometer in the shape of a wheel to
the hoop or tyre during the time of rolling for ascertaining the temperature.
One way of constructing such a wheel thermometer is by making the rim
hollow to contain mercury or other fluid. which is in communication with a
graduated glass tube connected to the axle, on which the wheel revolves when
applied to the hoop or tyre.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Rothwell Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st January 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
ROTHWELL JACKSON, of the Rolling Mills, Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer. send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria. by Iler Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of July. in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three. in the twenty-seventh
year of Her reign. did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors. give and
grant unto me, the said Peter Rothwell Jackson, Her special license that I.
the said Peter Rothwell Jackson. my executors. administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I. the said Peter Rothwell Jackson, my executors. adminis-
trators, and assigns. should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and all times thereafter during the term therein expressed.

page_text: should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend. within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING HOOPS
AND TYRES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I. the said Peter
Rothwell Jackson. my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my. or their. or one of their hands and seals. should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed. and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I. the said Peter Rothwell Jackson. do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
The first part of my Invention consists in supporting the spindle of the
guaging roller in a socket which is moved to and fro on or in the table by a
screw or otherwise.
Secondly, my Invention consists in the application of three rollers acting on
the edge of the hoop or tyre that is being rolled while it is passing between
the compressing rolls. These rollers are or may be moved to and fro length-
wise of their axes by screws or other equivalents for squaring and rounding
the corners of the hoop or tyre, or they may also be set at an angle to the
edge on which they act.
Thirdly, in moving one of the main compressing rolls endwise by means of
a screw or other equivalent during the rolling of the hoop or lyre.
Fourthly, in applying a roller to the upper and under edges of the hoop or
tyre after or before it has passed between the compressing rolls for contracting
and consolidating the hoop or tyre and finishing the edges.
And, lastly, in constructing thermometers in the shape of a wheel for ascer-
taining the temperature of hoops or tyres whilst they are being rolled, or when
passed over hoops or tyres that have been or are to be rolled.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood. I will proceed to
describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 represents in section my improved gauging apparatus applicable to a
rolling mill for indicating the diameter of the hoop or tyre under operation.
a is the ordinary guaging roller, the spindle b of which revolves in the taper
socket c, which fits in the block d: this block is moved to and fro in or on the
table by a screw or lever in the usual manner. When the taper socket c is
dropped into the taper hole in the block d, or in the end of the lever, it binds

page_text: itself fast, and the spindle b then revolves in the socket c. which retains the
oil or other lubricating material. The indices for indicating the approach of
the compressing rolls and the position of the gauging roller are made as
usual.
Figures 2 and 3 represent two views of my improved arrangement of rollers
for acting on the edge of the tyre or other article whilst it is passing between
the compressing rolls: represents the tyre under operation: g. the compressing
roll. which revolves in fixed bearings: and h, the compressing roll revolving in
moveable bearings. The spindle of the roll his furnished with a grooved bush h
to which the end of the lever is connecteri by trunnions: the lever is sup-
ported on the sliding fulcrum j', and to its longer end is attached a counter-
weight, the object of which is to keep the roll against the roller which is
situated above and in line with the compressing rolls g and h: on each side of
the roller K is another roller 1, the spindles of these three rollers revolve in
adjustable bearings, and each roller can be adjusted independently of the others
by the main screws m. actuated by worms and worm wheels. and the side
screws n. When the rolling mill is in operation the roller k. which is or may
be broad enough to bear on the edge of the tyre and partly on to the com-
pressing roll h. is pressed down by the screws m: this depression of the roller k
consolidates the metal of the tyre, and the roll h is depressed to the same extent
as the tyre is reduced in depth. The index finger z is jointed to a stud fixed
in the stationary part of the framing of the rolling mill, and it is acted upon
by a set screw passing through a boss fixed in the moveable frame supporting
the rollers and 1. As this frame is depressed by the screws above described,
the position is indicated by the finger pointing to a graduated segment. The
edge of the roller is held against the roll g by a washer of india-rubber or
other elastic substance. placed between the bearing in which it revolves and a
metal washer fixed to the spindle of the roller k, the object of this is to prevent
or reduce the film of metal on the edge of the tyre; or the roller may be
narrower than the edge of the finished tyre, and be moved to and fro endwise.
The side rollers are not so much intended to compress the tyre on its edge as
to prevent it from warping. .The rollers may be either plain cylinders as
shewn, or they may be provided with flanges, as shewn by dotted lines; when
such flanges are used the rollers are pressed lengthwise of their axes against
the edge of the tyre by screws or other equivalents, in order to smooth the
corner. or the rollers may be set at an angle to the edge on which they act.
The roll h. instead of being moved up by the weight on the lever j, may be
moved up and down by a worm gearing into a toothed quadrant on the lever i,
as shewn by dotted lines in Figure 2: the object of giving an up-and-down motion

page_text: to one of the compressing rolls during the time of rolling is to prevent the
formation of a rib or film on the edge of the tyre or hoop under operation.
Figures 4 and 5 represent two views of my improved arrangement of rollers
for contracting or reducing in depth a hoop or tyre in order to consolidate the
metal of which it is composed represents the hoop under operation, and
and the compressing rolls, between which it is passing. At one or both sides
of the rolls and are placed the two pairs of rollers o and o'. revolving in
bearings capable of vertical adjustment by screws and worm wheels or other
equivalents. When the rolls and h are revolving, the hoop revolves also
in the direction of the arrow: the rollers o are then gradually moved towards
cach other to compress the edges of the hoop and thus to contract its depth,
the roll must at the same time be pressed against the inner circumference
of the hoop, but its distance from the roll g will gradually be increased in
proportion to the increasing thickness of the hoop, the edges of which are
subsequently compressed between the rollers o'.
Figures 6 and 7 represent one mode of constructing a wheel thermometer for
ascertaining the temperature of a hoop or tyre; represents a section of a
tyre, andra block or disc of fire-clay or other suitable substance not materially
expanded by heat. This disc is provided with a bush revolving on a stud fixed
in a lever or handle; to the disc r is fixed one end of a band of steel or other
metal s which passes once or more times round the disc r; the other end of
the bands is secured to the index finger t, which is acted upon by the draw
spring. The index finger vibrates upon a stud r' fixed in the disc r, on
which is a graduated segment. The mode of operation is as follows:-The
outer circumference of the bands is brought to bear against the hoop or tyre
under operation or to be operated upon, the heat of which imparted to the
band a causes it to expand in length. in expanding the spring draws forward
the end of the band s. The variations in the length of the bands are indicated
on the segmental dial above referred to. The Drawing represents the index
finger in the position it assumes when the bands is cold, and as the tempe-
rature of the band increases the spring draws the pointer towards the opposite
end of the graduated quadrant. A wheel thermometer may also be constructed
in various other ways, as, for instance. in the following manner, a wheel with a
hollow rim containing mercury or other fluid is in communication with a
graduated glass tube connected to the axle on which the wheel revolves.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,
First, supporting the spindle of the gauging roller in a socket, as described
and shewn in Figure 1.

page_text: Secondly, the application of rollers combined and acting as described on the
edge of the hoop or tyre while passing between compressing rolls, as shewn in
Figures 2 and 3.
Thirdly, imparting motion in the direction of the axis to one of the com-
pressing rolls for the purpose described.
Fourthly, the application of rollers acting as described on the edges of
a hoop or tyre for contracting and consolidating it, as shown in Figures 4
and 5.
Fifthly, the allowing the distance between the compressing rolls to increase
in proportion to the increasing thickness of the hoop or tyre, as described in
reference to Figures 4 and 5.
And lastly, the revolving wheel thermometer, as shewn in Figures 6 and 7,
and as described, or any other description of revolving wheel thermometer when
used for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Rothwell Jackson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
P. R. JACKSON. (L.S.)