AN IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR TRANSPORTING BY CURRENT OF AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS, GRAINS, GOODS, AND MATERIALS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Charles Renard, Engineer, and Charles Marin de la
Haye, Officer of Infantry, of Paris, Bd. de Strasbourg, 23, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR TRANSPORTING BY CURRENT OF AIR OR
OTHER FLUIDS, GRAINS, GOODS, AND MATERIALS."
ealed the 11th October 1878, and dated the 20th April 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Charles Renard and
Charles Marin de la Haye at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 20th April 1878.
LOUIS CHARLES RENARD, Engineer, and CHARLES MARIN DE LA HAYE, Officer
of Infantry, of Paris, Bd. de Strasbourg, 23. "AN IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
TRANSPORTING BY CURRENT OF AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS, GRAINS, GOODS, AND
MATERIALS."
Our Invention has for object the combination of an apparatus destined for the,
transport of solid or liquid substances by the aid of a current of air, obtained by a
centrifugal or other ventilator.
This apparatus is capable of several arrangements, all reposing on the following
principle:-When a certain quantity of solid, liquid, or other matter is mixed with
the air in a centrifugal or other ventilator, this semi-fluid mixture of air and matter
conducts itself like a new fluid. In regulating the specific gravity of this semi-
fluid, according to the pressure of the ventilator, it can then be raised or transported
to any height.
:
"
Description with Regards to the Annexed Drawings.-The_apparatus which
realises these conditions, and which we denominate "elevator Renhaye" (or the.
Renhaye elevator), is composed of the following essential parts:-1st, a centrifugal
ventilator; 2nd, piping or tubing; 3rd, a regulator. To these essential parts it is,
according to the case, advantageous to add, 4th, a separator, and 5th, a "barogene
or chamber placed before or after the ventilator.
1. Centrifugal Ventilator.-We employ to create the current of air any kind of.
centrifugal ventilator; the proportions of the ventilator vary according to the;

page_text: purpose that is to be attained, and the materials of which it is composed are pliant
or hard according to the use to which it is destined.
Figures 1 and 2 represent double ventilators V, V, of Perrigault's system.
Figure 3 represents a centrifugal ventilator K, the interior of which is sheeted
with india-rubber.
2. Piping or Tubing. It is composed of tubes forming the prolongation of the
eye hole (ceillard) and of the channel or air pipe of the centrifugal ventilator.
These tubes serve as conduits for the air and for the semi-fluid.
.
Figures 2 and 3 represent tubes of equal section, Figure 1 represents tubes of
increasing section to increase the yield of the apparatus.
3. Regulator. The regulator has for object to regulate the specific gravity of the
semi-fluid after pressure of the ventilator. This result is obtained, 1st, in varying
the proportions of solid or liquid substance for a same current of air; 2nd, in
varying the proportion of water for a same mass of solid or liquid.
Figure 1 shows an elevation in which the entry of the materials is regulated by
a valve v.
Figure 2 shows a hydraulic elevator in which the delivery of water is regulated
by a cock L.
Figure 3 shows a grain elevator in which the quantity of air from the semi-fluid
is regulated by a piston P, having an annular joint to prevent friction. This piston
put in communication with the air of the ventilator by a pipe or tube raises, more
or less, a valve which regulates according to the arrival of the air according to the
pressure of this ventilator.
4. Separator. To separate the solids or liquids from the air which is in the
semi-fluid, we place, according to the case, before or after the ventilator a
barogene, or a single or double chamber Q, Figure 1, in which the current of air
is divided by one or more partitions. In certain cases, a forking or branching-off
joins the ventilator to the tube, where the semi-fluid is sucked up and forced out.
We then place the separator at the branching of the sucking tube and of the tube
which conducts to the eye hole the substance pass beyond the point in virtue of
their speed acquired without passing through the ventilator.
Figure 1 represents the separator of an elevator for material, in which the
current of air is divided by concentric cylinders. The flow of the materials is regu-
lated by a stopple, having a counterweight, in such a manner as to prevent return
of the air, the water is thrown back into the receptacle and runs off by means of
a cock r, the air escaping by a pipe T.
Barogene or Single or Double Chamber.-It has for object to increase the pressure
of the centrifugal ventilator in increasing the specific gravity of the fluid which
passes through the ventilators.
Figure 1 shows a barogene Q, destined to mix by means of a cock v a certain
quantity of water with the air of the ventilator.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure No. 1, elevator for materials; A, A, ascending tube with increasing
sections.; R, R, separator; O, stopple regulating the flow; S, S, suction tube;.
V, V, double ventilator (Perrigault's system); Q, Q, barogene; v, valve regulating
the entry of the materials; v², valve of the barogene; f, sliding window for the
entry of air.
0
Figure No. 2, hydraulic elevator; VI, V', centrifugal ventilator; C, C, tube con-
ducting the mixture of air and water to the ventilator; B, B, tube conducting the
mixture of air and water from the ventilator to the separator; R¹, R', separator;
T, tube for the exit of the air; v, cock for the exit of the water; L, cock bringing
the water into the current of air; S, key of the cock; n, n, level of the water.
Figure 3, grain elevator (or elevator for grain); I, I, tube for the arrival of the
grain, dipping into a boat; P, P, piston with an annular joint regulating the entry
of the air into the tube I, I, by means of pulleys p, p¹; H; H, stopple for the air
-

page_text: regulated by the piston P, P; t, t, pipe or tube making a connection between the
piston and the tube I, I; K, K, centrifugal ventilator; Ñ, N, forcing back tube for
the grains.
We claim as our Invention the combination which consists in utilizing the
current of air produced by a centrifugal or other ventilator, as described, for the
transport of solids or liquids.
We claim the particular arrangements of our elevators,―
1st. The employment of centrifugal or other ventilators, single or multiple, and
with supple or resisting organs (parts.)
2nd. The employment of piping connected to the ventilator for the transport of
solid or liquid substances, and of which the tubes are of equal sections or of in-
creasing section.
3rd. The employment of regulators destined to regulate the specific gravity of
semi-fluid, whether by varying the arrival of air or by varying the arrival of the
solids or liquids.
4th. The employment of a partitioned separator with forked tubes, permitting.
the drawing up and forcing out of the substances without causing them to pass
through the ventilator.
5th. The employment of a barogene, permitting the pressure of the centrifugal
ventilator to be increased...
Further, we claim as our property the various applications of our apparatus and.
in particular those which are relative thereto,―
1st. For the transport of all solid and liquid substances.
2nd. For the cleaning and ventilation of solids by the effect of a separator.
3rd. For the breaking and the pulverization of solid or liquid substances by the
passage of these substances in the ventilator.
t
4th. For the drying of substances transported by a current of heated air.
5th. For the classing of solids by the effect of the resistance of the air against
the matters projected by our apparatus.
6th. For increasing the pressure resulting from the barogene, whether used for
the transport of materials or for blowing or making a vacuum.
In a word, we claim all the applications of which our apparatus are capable. We
will signal amongst others the works of military bakehouses (manutentions), docks,
breweries, mills, or distilleries, the unloading of boats, the aeration and draining of
shafts.
It is optional to vary shapes and dimensions of these apparatus in view of special
destinations of which they are capable, and to employ all materials for the con-
struction of their organs (parts).
:
:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by:
the said Louis Charles Renard and Charles Marin de la Haye in the Great-
Seal Patent Office on the 19th October 1878.
"
LOUIS CHARLES RENARD, Engineer, and CHARLES MARIN DE LA HAYE, Officer
of Infantry, of Paris, Bd. de Strasbourg, 23. AN IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
TRANSPORTING BY CURRENT OF AIR OR OTHER FLUIDS, GRAINS, GOODS, AND
MATERIALS.""
Our Invention has for object the combination of apparatus destined for the
transport of solid or liquid substances by the aid of a current of air, obtained by a
centrifugal or other ventilator.
ر
This apparatus is capable of several arrangements, all reposing on the following
principleWhen a certain quantity of solid or liquid matter is mixed with the air:
in a centrifugal ventilator, this semi-fluid mixture of air and of matter conducts
itself like a new fluid. In regulating the specific gravity of this semi-fluid,
according to the pressure of the ventilator, it can then be raised or transported to;
any height.
The apparatus which realises these conditions, and which we denominate "ele-
vator Renhaye" (or the Renhaye elevator) is composed of the following essential
parts 1st, a centrifugal ventilator; 2ud, piping or tubing; 3rd, a regulator. To
these essential parts it is, according to the case, advantageous to add, 4th, a
separator, and 5th, a "barogene" or chamber.
We describe, with reference to the annexed Drawings, the details of construction
constituting our Invention.
Figure 1 is one disposition or arrangement of our Invention for raising solid
matters.
Figures 2 and 3 represent an arrangement of our system for raising water,
Figure 3 being fitted with a separator.
Figure 4 shows an arrangement we employ for raising grain.
Figure 5 shows an arrangement which we employ when contact of the vanes of
the ventilator with the substances to be drawn off must be avoided.
Figure 6 is an arrangement of our system applicable to the elevation or raising
of matters, with ventilator for stirring entirely by compression.
Figure 7 is a section of the ventilator of the system Perrigault which we
generally employ for the purposes of our Invention.
Figure 8 is a vertical section of the regulator, and Figure 9 a vertical section of
the separator.
Before we give a description of the pieces of each arrangement we explain the
essential features of our system.
1st. Centrifugal Ventilator.-We employ to create the current of air any kind
of centrifugal ventilator V. The proportions of the ventilator vary according to
the purpose that is to be attained, and the materials of which it is composed are
pliant or hard, according to the use to which it is destined.
In certain cases the interior may be sheeted with india-rubber.
2nd. Piping or Tubing. It is composed of tubes forming the prolongation of the
eyehole and of the channel or air pipe of the centrifugal ventilator V. These tubes
serve as conduits for the air and for the semi-fluid. They are sometimes of equal
⚫ or constant section, as the tubes B and N, Figures 2, 3, and 4; but they may be
of increasing-section A, as seen in Figure 1, to increase the produce or yield of the
apparatus.
3rd. Regulator.-The object of this regulator is to regulate the specific gravity
of the semi-fluid according to the pressure of the ventilator. This result is
obtained, 1st, in varying the proportion of the solid or liquid substances for a same
current of air; 2nd, in varying the proportion of water for a same mass of solids or
liquids.
In Figure 1 the entrance of the materials is regulated by a valve v.
'
.

page_text: In Figure 3, the regulator, which regulates the delivery of the water, is a cock 1.
Figure 4 shows a grain elevator, in which the quantity of air of the semi-fluid
is regulated by a piston P, having an annular joint to prevent friction. This.
piston, put in communication with the air of the ventilator by a pipe or tube K,
rises more or less, according to the pressure of the ventilator; a plug or obturator H
regulates the arrival of the air.
4th. Separator. To separate the solids or liquids from the air which is in the.
semi-fluid we place, according to the case, before or after the ventilator, a single or.
a double chamber, in which the current of air is divided by one or more partitions.
In certain cases a forking or branching off joins the ventilator to the tube, where.
the semi-fluid is sucked up and forced out. We then place the separator at the
branching of the sucking tube and of the tube which conducts to the eyehole. The
substances pass beyond the point in virtue to their speed acquired without passing
through the ventilator.
Figure 1 represents the separator R of an elevator, for materials in which the
current of air is divided by concentric cylinders. The flow of the materials is.
regulated by a stopple O, having a counterweight, in such manner as to prevent.
return of the air.
Figure 3 shows the separator R¹, R', of a hydraulic elevator. The water is.
thrown back into the receptacle and runs off by means of the cock, the air.
escaping by a pipe T.
5th. Barogene or Single or Double Chamber.-It has for object to increase tho
pressure of the centrifugal ventilator, in increasing the specific gravity of the fluid.
which passes through the ventilator.
Figure 1 shows a barogene Q destined to mix by means of a cock v¹ a certain:
quantity of water with the air of the ventilator. In Figure 1 the ventilator V.
follows the arrival of the materials, and at the same their separation from the air by
auction. The separation is made by means of the cylinder R, Figure 9, at the
upper part of which the materials arrive. The box R is provided at bottom with
a cylindrical adjutage which is closed by the valve c; underneath is the spring x,
which rests on the cross piece g, joined to the flange u by the bolts i. The valve c
displaces itself in the cylindrical box k, and a joint similar to that in Figure 8.
unites the two parts. The pipe 8 connects the chamber R and the box k, so as to
balance the valve c. The materials fall on the circumference of the valve c, and the
suction of the air is effected by the pipe S.
In Figures 2, 3, and 4, the ventilator V is placed between the point of departure
and the point of arrival of the materials. There is suction and flowing back. The
water, for example, contained in the tank N enters the pipe A through the cock L,
and is drawn off by the current of air and then discharged from the ventilator V.
through the tube T. A plug C serves for working the cock L, and the water pipe
terminates in a perforated rose.
If. in certain cases..the materials must arrive undamaged to the upper story the
interior of the ventilator is lined with india-rubber, and sometimes it is indis..
pensable. to avoid. the contact of the vane or blades of the ventilator with the
substance.to.be.drawn, we then adopt the following arrangement, Figure 5 :-The
pipes T, T', serving for the arrival and the exit of the air of the ventilator, are
soldered to the conduct N in such way that the air passes through the ventilator V,
whilst the solids, owing to their acquired speed, pass beyond the bifurcation D and
are carried away in the pipe N. The inclination of this pipe prevents obstruction
or chocking in the parts D, D.
We have shown. at Figure 6 an arrangement in which the ventilator acts. only
by compression. The substances to be raised and what are placed on the ground
floor, for example, are poured, in the hopper A; they fall through the pipe B in the
flowing back tube T. of the ventilator V. A valve N permits of the regulation of
the descent of the substances; the substances are driven back by compression
through the pipe T without passing by the ventilator, they leave by the orifice G.
At Figure 7 we have shown the ventilator, Perrigault's system, which we employ.

page_text: by preference, but we can employ any other ventilator that we deem convenient.
The regulator P which we employ, and which is shown at Figure 8, is composed of
a cylinder M, open at its upper part, and on which slides the cap or cover P. A
leather joint m connects the two parts; it is so arranged as to permit the relative
displacement of the two parts without friction and with an extended travel or
stroke. The pipe establishing communication with the ventilator V, the cap.
cover P rises or descends according to the pressure and regulates the working of the
plug or stopple H, which gives passage to the air.
We reserve to ourselves the right of using solid substances (such as straws,
dusts, &c.,) drawn by the ventilator to feed the fire of the motive-power engine.
We also reserve ourselves the right to replace in our elevators the centrifugal
ventilator by any other process which can give a convenient depression, and in
particular the ventilator with helical vanes or blades. To obtain this effect we
place in succession and on the same axis several ventilators, with helical vanes or
blades, in such manner as to increase the depression in a tube. These ventilators
can also act in a contrary direction, or be separated by diaphragms placed in the
direction of the tube. :
Having now described the nature of our said Invention of utilizing a current of
air produced by a centrifugal or other ventilator for the transport of solids and
liquids, we declare that we claim the particular arrangements of our elevators,
viz.,
1st. The employment of centrifugal ventilators (single or multiple) and with
supple or resisting organs (parts).
2nd. The employment of piping connected to the ventilator for the transport of
solid or liquid substances, and of which the tubes are of equal sections or of in-
creasing sections.
3rd. The employment of regulators, destined to regulate the specific gravity of
semi-fluid whether by varying the arrival of air or by varying the arrival of the
solids or liquids.
4th. The employment of a partitioned separator with regulated flow and the
employment of a separator with forked tubes, permitting the drawing up and
forcing out of the substances without causing them to pass through the ventilator.
5th. The employment of a barogene, permitting the pressure of the centrifugal
ventilator to be increased.
6th. The arrangement, shown at Figure 2, which can serve for the pumping of
water out of the shafts of mines.
7th. The arrangement serving for transporting the materials by suction and
forcing out without causing them to pass by the ventilator, whatever may be the
means employed to avoid the passage in the ventilator.
8th. The arrangement, described and shown, to raise the substance by forcing
out.
9th. The employment of substances going out of the ventilator to feed the fire of
a motive-power engine.
=
10th. The employment of any system giving in a tube depression equal to the
centrifugal ventilators, and in particular the employment of one or several venti-
lators with helical vanes or blades.
Further, we claim as our property the various applications of our apparatus, and
in particular those which are relative thereto,-
1st. For the transport of all solid and liquid substances.
2nd. For the cleaning and ventilation of solids by the effect of a separator.
3rd. For the breaking and the pulverization of solid or liquid substances by the
passage of these substances in the ventilator.
4th. For the drying of substances transported by a current of heated air.
5th. In the classing of solids by the effect of the resistance of the air against the
matters projected by one apparatus.
6th. For increasing the pressure resulting from the barogene, whether used for
the transport of materials or for blowing or making a vacuum.

page_text: In the elevation of water, in the form of mist or spray, in a pneumatic elevator,
whatever be the processes employed for mixing the water with the air.
In short, we claim all the applications of which our apparatus are capable. We
will signal amongst others the works of military bakehouses (manutentions),
docks, breweries, mills, and distilleries, the unloading of boats, the aeration and
draining of shafts.
It is optional to vary shapes and dimensions of these apparatus in view of special
destinations of which they are capable, and to employ all materials for the con-
struction of their parts.
In witness whereof, we, the said Louis Charles Renard and Charles Marin
de la Haye, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourteenth day
of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-eight
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD,
Civil Engineer.
LOUIS CHARLES RENARD.
CHARLES MARIN DE LA HAYE.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)