Boiler and other Furnaces.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 30th Aug., 1887.
Boiler and other Furnaces.
I, OREL DIGHTON ORVIS of St. Georges Club, Hanover Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to novel means for ensuring the consumption of smoke and
gases, more particularly in furnaces of Cornish or Lancashire boilers.
Of the many methods that have been devised for producing the perfect combustion
of the fuel in furnaces, the most successful is that in which the gases or products of
combustion have been arrested on their way to the chimney, and have been injected,
combined with steam and hot air, into the furnace above the fuel.
To best effect the object, it is necessary that the steam should be as dry as possible,
and for this purpose the steam has been obtained from the dome, but it has been found
that even then the steam is not sufficiently dry, and one of the objects of the present
invention is to provide means for superheating the steam before it passes to the
injector.
Another part of this invention consists in arranging the air heaters in the side flues
of the furnace, so that they will be highly heated by the products of combustion, but
will not be in contact with the flame, and thereby rapidly destroyed.
Another part of the invention is to so combine the air heater with the suction pipe
by which the products of combustion are drawn in, that the air and products or gases
shall be mixed before they enter the injector.
In the accompanying drawing: Fig. 1, is a front elevation of a Lancashire boiler
with my improvements added thereto.-Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view of the same,
and fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the front part or furnace taken on the line .-,
fig. 1, and fig. 4 is a side elevation of the setting, partly in section, the section being
taken on the line y-y of fig. 1.
A is the setting and B the boiler. CC are the fire grates. D D are the boiler
fronts, with furnace doors. EE are the side flues, and F the main steam pipe or
dome. So far the parts are of the ordinary construction.
The means for consuming smoke and gases consist of a steam supply pipe a, which
is connected at one end with the main steam pipe or dome F, and is provided, at about

page_text: the centre of its length, with a steam cock b. The lower end of this pipe a is connected
by means of a cross pipe or junction with superheating chambers dd, which will be
of any suitable form or size, but preferably tubular, and placed just inside the front
plates and above the furnace doors.
In these chambers the steam will be thoroughly dried before it passes out by the
pipes d' d¹ to the vacuum chambers e e, of which there are two or more to each furnace,
according to the size of the furnace.-A steam cock is provided by means of which
the steam may be shut off from the vacuum chambers of either furnace.
y is the air heater, which may consist of a U shaped tube, as shown, or a coil or
chamber arranged in the side flue E of the furnace. This heater is provided with
tubes, the ends of which are inserted through the front wall of the setting. One end
of each tube may be directly open to the air, or it may be provided with an extension
pipe extending upwards to near the top of the setting. This arrangement is
preferred, as the air opening is taken to a comparatively high level, and the rushing
noise caused by the entrance of the air under the influence of the vacuum does not
inconvenience the attendant.
The other end of the air tube g is connected by means of suitable junctions and a
short pipe with the pipes h leading to the vacuum chambers e e-jj are the suction
pipes for drawing in the gases of combustion, and these pipes are suitably connected
with the exit orifices of the pipes gg. By this means the hot air and the gases become
intimately mixed in the pipes before they reach the vacuum chambers.--Each vacuum
chamber ee consists of a cylindrical box having a hole at the bottom, into which one
pipe is fitted, and a similar hole in front to receive a nozzle k.-The back of the
box may consist of a door or a sliding cover pivotted or otherwise secured to the box.―
In front of the nozzle k are two steam jets ll, which are fitted into a steam box m
with which the steam pipe from the superheater is connected. In the back of
this box is an opening to permit of the steam jets being from time to time cleaned out,
and this opening is closed by a screw plug or in any other suitable manner. The
construction of these vacuum chambers ee is shown in sectional elevation and sectional
plan at figs. 5 and 6.
Although I have shown two jets in each chamber, it will be evident that one jet
may also be used, but I have found that two jets have a better effect, even if the
combined area is no larger than the area of the single jet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner it is to be carried into effect, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In apparatus for consuming smoke and gases the combination with a steam pipe
and a vacuum chamber or chambers, of a superheater for the steam, substantially as
shewn and described.
2. The combination with a vacuum chamber or chambers, of an air heater constructed
in any suitable and convenient manner, and arranged in the side flue of a steam boiler
furnace as set forth.
3. The combination with an air heater arranged in the flue of a steam boiler furnace,
of a suction pipe for combustible gases also arranged in the flue as set forth, whereby
the hot air and gases will become thoroughly mixed before passing to the vacuum
chamber or chambers or injector.
4. The arrangement of apparatus for consuming smoke and gas substantially as
herein shown and described.