IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO BRUSHING OR SCRAPING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO SILK OR WIRE FLOUR-DRESSING REELS AND OTHER LIKE STRUCTURES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Staniar and John Hewer, both of the Manchester
Wire-works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of
tr IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO BRUSHING OR SCRAPING APPARATUS
APPLICABLE TO SILK OR WIRE FLOUR-DRESSING REELS AND OTHER LIKE
STRUCTURES."
Sealed the 21st October 1879, and dated the 24th April 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Staniar and John
Hewer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April
1879.
"
GEORGE STANIAR and JOHN HEWER, both of the Manchester Wire-works,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING
TO BRUSHING OR SCRAPING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO SILK OR WIRE FLOUR-
DRESSING REELS AND OTHER LIKE STRUCTURES."
J
This Invention has for its object an apparatus which can brush all the outer
surface of a polygonal or other reel, bolt, or riddle with equal force, and be able to
exactly regulate the pressure while the machine is in operation. On the end of the
reel, the central shaft or other convenient point, but revolving solidly and concen-
trically with the said reel, we place a cam or groove of the same contour as the reel,
but for convenience sake of lesser diameter, but the same shape. Working on or
against this cam or groove we place a lever armed with a roller or rollers or their
equivalent, which lever, by direct or intermediate motion, actuates the brush. This
brush is of the same length as the reel, and is suspended by an arm or arms to a
shaft, preferably tubular, parallel with the reel. The lever or levers connecting the
brush with the cam are preferably so constructed with guides and with regulating
screws or their equivalents, that the brush can be regulated to accurately and
evenly brush any required diameter of reel, to brush heavier in the centre of the
polygonal sides, and lighter or not at all at the corners, or vice versa, as desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Staniar and John Hewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th October 1879.
GEORGE STANIAR and JOHN HEWER, both of the Manchester Wire Works,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING
TO BRUSHING OR SCRAPING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO SILK OR WIRE FLOUR
DRESSING REELS AND OTHER LIKE STRUCTURES."
This Invention has for its object an apparatus which can brush all the outer
surface of a polygonal or other reel, bolt, or riddle with equal force, and to be able
to exactly regulate the pressure while the machine is in operation.
On the end of the reel, the central shaft or other convenient point, but revolving
solidly and concentrically with tlie said reel, we place a cam or groove of the same
contour as the reel, but for convenience sake of lesser diameter, but the same shape.
Working on or against this cam or groove, we place a lever armed with a
roller or rollers or their equivalent, which lever, by direct or intermediate motion,
actuates the brush.
.
This brush is of the same length as the reel, and is suspended by an arm or arms to
a shaft, preferably tubular, parallel with the reel. The lever or levers connecting:
the brush with the cam are preferably so constructed with guides and with
regulating screws or their equivalent, that the brush can be regulated to accurately
and evenly brush any required diameter of reel, to brush heavier in the centre of
the polygonal sides, and lighter or not at all at the corners, or vice versa, as desired.
There are numerous ways or modifications in which our Invention could be worked
out in practice, but in all of them a cam attached or geared directly or indirectly to
the reel, so as to be dependent on its motion in a uniform ratio, regulates the
distance of the brush from the centre of the wheel. Figs. 1 to 7 show two plans in
which the cam is attached to the reel and runs with it; Figs. 8 to 11 show a modi-
fication in which the position of the rollers and cam are reversed, the rollers being
on the reel end, and the cam on the brush axle; Figs. 12 to 16 show a further
modification in which the cam (or eccentric), instead of being on the reel or its
shaft, is on another shaft geared to the reel shaft in such manner that the
rotations of the two shafts shall be in a constant ratio with each other.
In Fig. 1 A is the reel, here, and in all other Drawings, shown octagonal, but it
can be of any other polygonal form; B, brush running entire length of the reel ;
C, arms uniting brush to hollow tubular shaft D; E, arm; F, link with right and
left hand nut G, and lock wheels H, H; I, another link pivotted to the frame at I²,
and to guided slide J, sliding in guides J, J; R, guide roller; K, cam of approxi-
mately same contour, as the exterior of the reel though it can be of smaller
diameter; L, rack, and a pin by which handle E, after it is pulled back so as to
draw the roller R (if there be only one) from the cam, can be locked so ast to draw
.both roller and brush out of contact; S is a spring on spindle regulated by nuts P,
useful when there is only one roller (R) to keep it up to its work; M, framework
of machine. It will be seen at once that so long as the rollers R, R¹, or either of
them, follow the contour of the cam, if the contour of that cam be a counter part of
the outer surface of the reel, even if of smaller diameter, and if the links are
proportionate, the brush B rigidly attached to a rigid arm C of shaft D, must follow
the contour of the reel, the right and left handed nut G regulating to a nicety
the contact or otherwise of the brush with the reel. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, show a
simplification of this design, in which every part not absolutely necessary is dis-
pensed with. In these, Fig. 2 isa large sized horizontal section; Fig. 3, vertical

page_text: section; Fig. 4, side view of reel showing position of apparatus. G is the brush
and shaft all in one, the back being strengthened as shown in section, Fig. 7, by a
T (or channel) iron. M is the framework, and A the reel; N is a bracket carrying
sliding spindle J, which, when not in action, is held in place by pin O in hole O';
S is a spring keeping the spindle J and roller R always pressing against the cam K,
except when held back by pin O; P, nut regulating the tension of spring; J', guide;
Q, socket on fork carrying guide roller into which the brush is fixed in the manner
shown in section in Fig. 7; the bolt u has a split end passing through a hole in
the iron of the brush, and clenched on the inside as shown. It is tapped through
socket Q, and has a large head R', so that the distance of the brush from the silk
can be regulated any time by it. T is the oil cup bringing oil through the pipe T¹
to the interior of the brush T2 in the split guide roller R. This apparatus works
similarly to the last; the roller R on the bracket of the brush itself runs on the cam
and guides the brush out and in, so as to follow exactly the contour of the cam, and
consequently of the silk. If the cam is much smaller in diameter than the silk, the
cam must be curved, so that the extra curvature, plus the versed sine of a circle
joining the angles of the cam, shall equal the distance between the centre of the
side of the silk reel and the circumference of a circle joining the angles of the reel.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11, are views of a third variation in which the cam moves, and
the rollers are stationary; Fig. 8 is an end view of part of reel and apparatus ;
Fig. 9 shows a plan; Fig. 10, a side view; in these S is the spring; K, the cam;
R, R, the rollers; B, the brush; A, the reel; U, the regulating screw as before.
V is a clutch to throw the brush out of gear, so that it can be thrown back; V¹,
handle of clutch; V, catch to hold V₁ in place when in gear. This is a mere
mechanical equivalent of the first mentioned plan, and it will be understood
without further description, the rollers are preferably of rubber shrunk on to
thimbles or bowls revolving on their pegs: Fig. 11 is an inner view of clutch. The
clutch is boxed in by cover Vs to keep it from the dust. It will be seen that pegs
V take into the holes V³, and that the end of one shaft has a bearing in the end of
the other. Figs. 12 and 13 are large sized views of a fourth arrangement in which
an eccentric or cam on a shaft gearing with the reel shaft gives the motion. Figs.
14, 15, and 16, show the apparatus on the reel. If the reel be eight sided, the gear
must be eight to one; if seven sided, it must be seven to one.
Having now described our Invention, and the best modes known to us of
carrying it into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not claim the use of
a brush broadly, or of any part of our apparatus taken separately, or when used not
in conjunction with other parts herein described and for the purposes set forth, but
what we believe to be new and desire to protect under the herein before in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
1. The combination of a guide roller or rollers working against a cam not placed
on the surface or circumference of the reel itself, but outside where it can be easily
got at, either firmly attached to the end of the reel or to its shaft, or to a shaft
geared to it or otherwise arranged, as for instance, in Figs. 12 to 17, so as to move
synchronously with it in such manner that the guide roller shall guide the brush
directly or indirectly rigidly attached to it to lightly brush the silk either with
approximately equal pressure all over, or with slightly greater force in the centre of
each polygonal side, substantially as described.
2. The arrangement of the spring and a guide roller, or a guide roller alone, on the
inside of the cam, instead of or as well as on the outside, so as to keep it well up to
its work, and enable the spring to press strongest where most strain is required,
namely, in the middle, substantially as described and illustrated by Fig. 1.
3. Arranging the apparatus substantially as described, so that it can be regulated
or thrown out of gear at a moment's notice and without stopping the reel.
4. Constructing the cam that guides the brush at the end of the reel or outside
the chamber containing the reel, so that it is quite clear of the flour and easily get-
a -able, substantially as described.

page_text: 5. The special combinations of apparatus for actuating the brushes of flour
dressing and other reels, substantially as herein described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Staniar, on behalf of myself and the said
John Hewer, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty second day
of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy nine.
Witness,
W. P. THOMPSON,
of the Patent Offices,
6, Lord Street,
Liverpool,
& 323, High Holborn,
London.
GEORGE STANIAR. (L.S.)