IMPROVEMENTS IN TIRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Smith Collins, of the City and County of New
Haven, State of Connecticut, United States of America, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TIRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS."
Sealed the 9th April 1867, and dated the 13th October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Smith Collins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th October 1866.
I, SMITH COLLINS, of the City and County of New Haven, State of Con-
necticut, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TIRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to fin improvement in the forming of the tire and
the outer edge or periphery of the felly, whereby the tire is much reduced
in weight, and securely fixed to the wheel without the employment of bolts,
or their equivalents, and consists in forming the inner surface of the tire
concave, and the outer surface or periphery of the felly convex corresponding
to the concavity of the tire, so that the tire expanded by the heat in the
usual manner, and placed upon the wheel, contracts firmly upon the wheel,
and its concavity prevents its accidental removal from the wheel.

page_text: To enable to construct and use my improvement I will proceed to describe
the same as illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is
a side view, Fig. 2 a sectional edge, and Fig. 3 and 4 enlarged sectional
views of fellies with the tire attached.
A is the felly of a wheel, constructed in the usual manner, the periphery
of which is made convex, as see Figs. 2 and 3 ; B the tire, formed from
metal bars rolled in a concavo-convex form, as seen in Figs. 2 and 3, the
two ends of the bar which is to form the tire are welded together in the usual
manner and of the proper diameter, then heated in the usual manner, the
tire expands so that it may be easily placed over the wheel, and when there
placed its contraction draws it firmly upon the wheel, and by its peculiar
form, and the corresponding form of the felly, no other security is necessary,
and the tire cannot be removed except by cutting or breaking. It is well
known that the outer surface of the tire of carriage wheels wears in a convex
form, although when new the surface is flat. By making the outer surface
of my tire convex, corresponding to the concavity of the inner surface, it
approaches very nearly the naturally worn surface of a common tire, therefore I
am enabled to make the tire much thinner for the same than can be done
when made flat. Although I believe the convex form for the outer surface
to be the best, yet if preferred the outer surface may be flat and the inner
concave, as seen in Fig. 4, and the objects of my Invention fully obtained.
The concave inner surface is the cheapest possible form in which the tire
can be wrought and applied, yet the inner surface may be approaching the
concavity, as in Figs. 5 and 6, and the same result attained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Smith Collins in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SMITH
COLLINS, of the City and County of New Haven, State of Connecticut,
United States of America, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Sinith Collins, Her special licence that I, the said Smith
Collins, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the

page_text: said Smith Collins, my executors, adininistrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TIRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Smith Collins, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Smith Collins, do hereby declare
the nature of iny said Invention, and in what manner the same is to he
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
-
My invention relates to an improvement in the forming of the tire and the
outer edge or periphery of the felly, whereby the tire is much reduced in
weight and securely fixed to the wheel without the employment of bolts or
their equivalents, and consists in forming the inner surface of the tire concave,
and the outer surface or periphery of the felly convex, corresponding to the
concavity of the tire, so that the tire expanded by the heat in the usual
manner and placed upon the wheel contracts firmly upon the wheel, and its
concavity prevents its accidental reinoval from the wheel.
In order that my said Invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed
to describe the same as illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a side view, Fig. 2 a sectional edge view, and Figs. 3 and 4
enlarged sectional views of fellies with the tire attached.
A is the felly of a wheel constructed in the usual manner, the periphery of
which is made convex, as seen in Figs. 2 and 3; B, the tire formed from
metal bars rolled in a concavo-convex form as seen in Figs. 2 and 3 ; the two
ends of the bar which is to form the tire are welded together in the usual
nanner and of the proper diameter; then heated in the usual manner the
tire expands, so that it may be easily placed over the wheel, and when there
placed its contraction draws it firmly upon the wheel, and by its peculiar form
and the corresponding form of the felly no other security
necessary, and--
he tire cannot be removed except by-cutting or breaking. It is well known
hat the outer surface of the tire of carriage wheels wears in a convex form,
lthough when new the surface is flat. By making the outer surface of my

page_text: tire convex corresponding to the concavity of the inner surface, it approaches
very nearly the naturally worn surface of a conimon tire, therefore I am
enabled to make the tire much thinner for the same wear than can be done
when made flat.
Although I believe the convex form for the outer surface to be the best,
yet if preferred the outer surface may be flat and the inner concave, as seen
in Fig. 4, and the objects of my Invention fully attained. The concave inner.
surface is the cheapest possible form in which the tire can be wrought and
applied, yet the inner surface may be approaching the concavity, as in Figs. 5.
and 6, and the same result attained. I am aware that tires are frequently
fornied having a convex outer surface, but always a flat inner surface, which.
require bolts or other security the same as the ordinary flat tire. I do not
therefore claim forming a tire with the convex outer surface, but having thus
fully described my Invention what I do claim as new and useful and desire to
secure by Letters Patent is, forming the inner surface of the tire concave, or
approaching thereto, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein
set forth.
In witness whercof, I, the said Smith Collins, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.