Materials from a Plurality of Slivers.
Year: 1887

page_text: [Communicated from abroad by Joux GOOD, of the City of Brooklyn, State of New
York, United States of America, Engineer.]
Materials from a Plurality of Slivers.
I ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON of the Office for Patents 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement. :-
The object of this invention is the spinning of twine or rope strands composed of
several slivers by subjecting several separate slivers at the same time to a rotary
motion whereby each is twisted or spun separately, and all are twisted or spun
together.
---
The inventor describes in detail his improved spinning machinery as follows
The invention consists primarily in the combination of a catenary series or train of
bars or carriers armed with gill pins, a flyer and spindle and a plurality of conductors
arranged between said bars or carriers and the flyer, substantially as hereinafter
described, to receive from said gill pins a plurality of slivers, which are to be simul-
taneously twisted, each separately and all together, by the rotation of the flyer. The
invention also consists in the combination of such series of bars; gill pins, flyer and
spindle, and plurality of conductors and a forming tube interposed between the said
conductors and the flyer; and it further consists in various other combinations
hereinafter described.
Fig. 1 in the drawing represents a longitudinal vertical section of a machine
embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 3 represents an elevation of the driving end of the same, with the main driving
pulley and its clutch and the outer portion of the frame cut away to expose other parts
to view. Fig. 4 represents, on a larger scale than the figures previously referred to,

page_text: a front view of a group of sliver conductors and a forming-tube which are to be
combined with a single flyer. Fig. 5 represents à central vertical section corre-
sponding with Fig. 4. Fig. 6 represents a horizontal section on the line X X of
Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a flyer and spindle; and Fig. 8 is
a longitudinal sectional view of portions of a flyer and spindle illustrating a modifi-
cation of the means for driving the same.
Similar lotters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
A B designates the framing of the machine consisting of two principal parts of
which the part A, which supports the chains C which carry the gill pin bars D may
be termed the chain-stand, and the part B which contains the bearing for the flyers E,
may be termed the flyer-stand.
Near opposite ends of the chain stand there are provided thereon, bearings for the
shafts.a of the wheels which carry the chains C; and on opposite sides of the
said stand there are provided ways e, d, e, for guiding the said chains and supporting
them between the wheels. These shafts, wheels and ways may be similar to those
common to spinning machines of the "jenny" type.
The gill pin bars D are of such length and the chain stand of such width that the
table formed by those of the bars which are at any time presented by the upper part
of the chains in a horizontal series or. train, will be wide enough for the drawing by
and through the gill pins i, of as many slivers as are at any time to le spun into twine
or strands in the machine. The machine represented, for example, is adapted to draw
twelve slivers and spin them into four strands or twines, it being provided with four
flyers E, each of which spins three slivers into one strand or twine.
On the rear of the chain stand there are arranged behind the gill pin bars at equal
distances apart conductors of corresponding in number with the number of slivers g to
be spun to receive and conduct to the gill pin table the slivers from as many cans F
arranged behind the machines. On the front of the chain stand there are placed as
many conductors II I2 which will be hereinafter more fully described, for the purpose
of receiving the slivers from the gill pin table; and in front of these conductors there
are placed upon the said stand, as many stationary forming tubes G as there are
flyers in the machine.
The flyers E may be arranged in their bearings in the stand B in any convenient
relation to the gill pin table. They are represented in equal numbers, viz; two on
each side of the stand, that they will all be driven, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 by
two bands from a single pulley j, on the central horizontal main shaft H of the
machine, which receives through its driving pulley H* the power for driving all parts
of the machine one of the said bands runs on the pulley of both of the flyers on one
side and the other on the two pulleys k, of both of the flyers on the other side of the
machine.
The flyers may be of any kind that may be suitable and furnished with any suitable
kind of capstan head and with any suitable kind of traverse guide m operated in any
convenient manner. The traverse.guide m represented is in the form of a ring which
slides on the side bars of the flyer, and the said guides on all the flyers are represented
as operated by a single rotary and reciprocating traverse wheel or traversing head J
and a single traverse screw, the said wheel or head being grooved to receive head like
flanges on the annular traversing guides.
The traverse screw K rotates in bearings provided for it in the upper part of the
spindle stand, and it derives motion from the main shaft H, through a nearly upright
shaft L, having on its lower end a worm gear which gears with an endless screw n¹
on the main shaft and having on its upper end a bevel gear n² which gears with a
bevel gear 123 on the shaft of the screw. The rotary and reciprocating traverse wheel
or head J is fitted both to turn loosely and slide freely on the main shaft H which
being extended through the whole length of the flyer stand, to carry the pulley M for
driving the gill pin chains, and supported in bearings o in both the standards of said
stand (see Fig. 1), serves to support the said wheel or head J-The hub of the said
wheel or head J is engaged by the fork on the end of the arm N¹, of the carriage N,
which works on the traverse screw K the said carriage containing a swivelling fork or

page_text: nut section to reverse the traverse in a manner too well known to need description
here.
3*
The bobbin spindles p may be fitted to the flyers and have the bobbins E* connected
with them in any common or suitable manner and may be driven by any known or
suitable means. They are represented in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 as driven through a
pulley p on each from a pulley 2 on the main shaft by means of two bands p³ ³*
one of which passes around the said pulley p² and the pulley p¹ of the two spindles
on one side of the machine, and the other passes around the said pulley p² and the
pulley pl of the two spindles on the other side of the machine.
Instead of the flyers and spindles being provided respectively with pulleys & and p¹
to be driven by belts, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, they may be respectfully provided
as shown in Fig. 8 with spur gears and to be geared directly with two spur
gears provided on the main shaft H in place of the two pulleys and p².
The production and regulation of the friction to control the tension of the yarn or
twine, as the latter is wound on the flyer bobbin E might be effected by any known
or suitable means, but I prefer to produce the said friction directly between the
spindle and the spindle driving pulley, by the means represented in the drawings,
particularly in Fig. 7, that is to say, by a friction device interposed between the
spindle and its driving pulley pl, the said friction device consisting of a friction
dise keyed to the spindle and held in contact with a friction face on the spindle
pulley the said pulley being loose on the spindle, and the spindle being driven
through said friction device-The friction thus produced may be increased gradually
according to the increasing diameter of the body of thread or strand on the bobbin,
by mechanism which acts on all the spindles at once, and which I will now proceed
to describe.
On the exterior of that part of the flyer stand, outside of which are situated all the
flyer-driving and spindle-driving pulleys, are brackets B' containing the bearings for
two upright shafts P situated at equal distances from the main shaft as shown in
Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. Each of these two shafts is provided with an arm at
the end of which is an upright yoke which stands across the ends of the spindles p
on its corresponding side of the machine to bear upon the ends of these spindles.
Each of said shafts P has at its upper end an arm which combines with its arm to
form a lever, and the two arms are connected each by one of two rods 7.5 with one
of two arms or cranks 2 provided on a horizontal rock shafts which is arranged in
bearings on the top of the flyer stand. This rock shaft s. has also another arm
which is connected by a strong spiral springs with a stud s on the face of a worm
wheel the short shaft of which turns in bearings in a bracket or standard Q¹
secured upon the flyer stand. The same bracket or standard contains the upper
bearing for an upright shaft R which is geared by an endless screw t on its upper end
with the worm wheel and on the lower part of which there is a worm wheel t
which gears with an endless screw t² on the end of the shaft of the traverse screw K
and so causes the shaft R to receive from the said screw motion which it communicates
to the worm wheel Q.
The pressure on the end of the spindles to cause the necessary friction between the
spindle friction discs q and the friction faces of the spindle pulleys p is produced by
the tension of the spiral spring acting on the long arm of the rock shafts and
acting through the said arm and rock shaft, through the arms of the latter and
through the rods upon the upper arms of the upright shafts P the lower arms
and the yokes, of which are made to press upon the ends of the spindles and so
press the friction discs g against the pulleys p². As the spinning and the filling up of
the bobbins proceeds, the motion derived by the upright shaft R from the traverse
screw, produces an exceedingly slow rotary motion of the worm gear Q in a direction
to increase the tension of the springs and thereby to increase the pressure of the
yokes on the spindles and so increase the friction between the friction discs 7 on the
spindle pulleys p as the quantity of strand or twine on the bobbins E* increases. It
may be here mentioned that the worm wheel Q need not make more than from one
quarter to one third of a revolution,

page_text: In some cases all such provision as has just been described for automatically
varying the friction between the spindle and its driving pulley or driving gear pl
may be dispensed with and the machine thereby simplified. In Fig. 8 I have shown
the pressure produced on the friction driving disc q by a loaded elbow lever 10
working on a fulcrum 11, secured in a bracket 12 bolted to the framing B. The
weight 13 with which the lever is loaded may be permanently adjusted thereon to
produce a mean degree of pressure and friction or it may be moved thereon by the
attendant from time to time as the quantity of strand or twine on the bobbin
increases.
The chains C which carry the gill pin bars may be driven in any suitable manner.
They are represented in Figs. 1 and 2 as driven from the pulley M. hereinbefore
described, on the main shaft H and a belt M which runs from the said pulley under
guide pulleys ww2 3 attached to the framing of the machine and over a pulley w
which turns freely on a fixed stud secured in a bracket bolted to the said
framing. To this pulley w, is secured a small spur gear y which gears with a larger
spur gear y which turns freely on another fixed study secured in the said bracket w
and this spur gear y¹ has firmly secured to it a smaller spur gear y³ which gears with
a spur gear a* on the supporting and driving shaft a of the chain. In order to
provide for keeping the belt Muniformly tight the guide pulley is hung in a long
swinging arm pivotted to the framing so that the weight of the said pulley and
part of the weight of the said arm is brought to bear upon the belt.
The same belt. M¹ also drives a fan 10 placed within the gill pin bars for the
purpose of blowing away dust the said belt running nearly twice round the pulley w
and running on a pulley won the shaft w of said fan.
I will now proceed to describe the sliver conductors I, I, 12 a plurality of which,
namely three, in the example represented, are combined with one flyer. Each of
these conductors comprises a funnel-shaped portion designated by u in Figs. 5 and 6
through which one of the flat slivers g from the gill pins passes to be gathered in and
condensed into a nearly round form. Each set of three conductors III belonging
to one flyer, is constructed as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 each of said conductors having
a square flange u² on its delivery end and all three being bolted by bolts a, one for
each, to one standard I*, on which opposite, but a little below the central conductor I,
is arranged the forming tube G which is common to the three conductors and their
respective flyers. The said conductor, or as many of them as may be necessary, are
provided at their wide ends, or entrances with parallel cheek plates u as shown in
Figs. 25 and 6 to separate the entering slivers g.
Each of the two outer conductors I I2, of a set, has its exit orifice covered as shown
in Figs. 4 and 6 with a bonnet S to cover the sliver issuing from the said conductor
and direct it across the face thereof to the forming tube G. This bonnet consists of
a piece of elastic metal plate which is bent as shown in Fig. 5 to hook over the top of
the flange u² of its respective conductor and attach itself thereto by its own elasticity
and the front part of which, opposite the orifice of the conductor, is channelled
internally as shown at vin Fig. 6 to receive the sliver. The channel being formed
by swaging the plate produces a crown on the outside of the bonnet, as shown at u in
Fig. 4.
The forming tube G has the greater part of its length of square external form, as
shown in dotted outline in Fig. 4 and is flanged at its ends as shown in Figs. 5 and 6
to enable it to be confined in the seat or box G¹, provided for it on the standard I and
forming part of the latter. This box is provided with a cap G* which is hinged on
one side as shown at in Figs. 4 and 6 and which is secured by a screw and nut
at the other side. The forming tube has a round perfectly smooth bore which is
enlarged and rounded at the ends for the easy entrance of the slivers and exit of the
strand or twine. By securing the forming tube and all its conductors on one standard
great convenience is afforded for the setting up, adjustment and repair of the
machine.
In the operation of spinning by this machine the sliver from the central conductor
of each set of three, passing out from the said conductor makes a somewhat abrupt

page_text: bend in passing from between the said conductor to the forming tube G as may be
understood by reference to Fig. 5, and the slivers from the outer conductors I¹ I² of
cach set make an abrupt bend in passing out from the conductor under the bonnet,
and another abrupt bend in passing into the forming tube G. The rotary motion of
the flyer produces a rotary motion of the three slivers together and at the same time
a rotary motion of each independently, and this causes each to be twisted separately
and all at the same time to be twisted together. The twisting of the three together
commences at the entrance of the forming tube and in passing through the said tube,
the twist is continued while the exterior of the resulting twines or strands is finished
and polished by the smooth interior of the forming tube. The separate twist is
produced in the three strands in the short spaces between the forming tube and the
conductors, and this separate twist in the two slivers, coming through the two outer
conductors 12 of each set, is rendered much more even and the said slivers have
their surfaces made much better by the bonnets S which confine and prevent the
getting astray of any loose fibre ends and cause the said ends to be twisted in.
It may be observed that the operations of twisting the slivers together, and of
twisting each sliver separately and also the operation of drawing the slivers through
the gill pins, are all performed in the machine by its flyer and spindle, the drawing
being performed by the take up action of the bobbin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination of a catenary series of bars armed with gill pins, a flyer and a
spindle contained therein, and a plurality of conductors arranged between said bars
and the flyer substantially as herein described for the purpose of receiving from said
pins a plurality of slivers to be simultaneously twisted cacli separately and all together
by the rotation of the flyer; as herein set forth.
2. The combination of a catenary series of bars armed with gill pins, a flyer and
a spindle contained therein, a plurality of conductors for receiving slivers from said
gill pins, and a forming tube interposed between said conductors and the flyer;
substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
3. The combination with a plurality of flyers and a catenary series of gill pin bars
for drawing slivers to be spun by the several flyers and a stand as A for supporting
the entire series of gill pin bars, of a number of forming tubes one. for each flyer, a
plurality of sliver conductors for each flyer and forming tube, and a number of
independent standards as I* erected on said stand and each supporting the forming
tube and the plurality of conductors for each flyer; substantially as herein described.
4. The combination with the plurality of sliver conductors arranged side by side
and the forming tube common to all of the said conductors, of bonnets applied over
the faces of certain of the conductors, substantially as and for the purpose herein
described.
5. The combination with a flanged sliver conductor, of a bonnet consisting of a bent
elastic plate S, having a channel e, and hooked over the flange of the conductor;
substantially as herein described.