IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TREATING CORN AND OTHER MATERIALS."
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis of Auxy, of Ergie
Frasnes, near Leuze, Kingdom of Belgium, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR TREATING CORN AND OTHER MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gaston Charles Ange,
Marquis of Auxy, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with his Petition, on the 25th June 1866.
I, GASTON CHARLES ANGE, Marquis of AuxŸ, of Ergie Frasnes, near
Leuze, Kingdom of Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TREATING CORN AND OTHER MATERIALS," to
be as follows:-
This method may be applied to the treatment of a very great number of
substances both mineral, vegetable, and animal, solid and liquid, to air or
aerate, preserve, roast, cool, mix, separate, clear, or purify, and submit
them to numerous special operations.
This Invention consists essentially in storing the matter to be treated in
apparatuses arranged as herein-after described, and in causing these appa-
ratuses to undergo the requisite movements and oscillations which, 'very
often efficacious and indispensable, have only hitherto been supplied by difficult
and costly manoeuvres. These apparatuses, which have the shape of drums
of more or less diameter and length according to requirement and their
destined use, are cylinders traversed longitudinally by an axle, and closed at

page_text: their ends.
At the extremities of the staves which compose the drums, and
fitted on the bottoms or heads, or on the staves, or at the same time on both,
are placed pegs or racks and hooks, or catches and rings to receive levers,
with which the drum carried on trestles or otherwise may be set in motion,
and receive the oscillations and shocks which it is desirable to give it. The
staves of these cylinders may be of wood or of metal, or at the saine time of
both wood and metal; they may also be of wire gauze, or of bars of iron, or
of wood suitably adjusted. The formation of these cylinders should mostly be
commenced by constructing a wooden or an iron frame on which the staves
are fitted. All the staves may be more or less perforated according to the
matters to be treated, in certain cases only some of them will be perforated.
In the case of liquids, or of roasting or mixing some solid substances, the staves
should not be perforated, but full or solid, and close the drum as hermetically
as possible. One or two of these staves, according to circumstances, must
be arranged so as to act as a door, that is to say, to permit the loading
of the matters to be treated into the cylinder and then discharged. These
doors may also be made in the bottons or heads of the drum. When an
inspection of what is passing in the interior is requisite bull's-eyes can be let
into the staves and heads. These cylinders may be supported in any manner
by walls, by stones, or by trestles, the essential points being that they can turn
and be shaken on their axle. One of the main points of this method is not
only once the cylinder set up, and the matters to be treated stored within it to
cause it to turn on itself, but also to make it oscillate to cause it to undergo
shocks, and to manoeuvre in such wise that the matters do not purely and
simply fall again on themselves but that they shake and displace.
To obtain this important result I place, as already stated, at the extremity
of my cylinder hooks or catches capable of receiving the levers intended to
work it. These levers, if the cylinder is of inconsiderable size, or is but little
loaded, may suffice to produce the desired oscillation; but if the mass to be
turned or shaken is considerable a rope must be added at one of the ends of
each lever, in order that by working in a similar manner to bell ringer's the
matters to be treated may be more easily moved and shaken. The cylinders
might be worked by hydraulic, steam, or other power than by hand labour if
desired. Finally, they may receive inóvements varied, not only as already
stated, but also by cams, eccentrics, and any similar and well-known means
employed with the same object. It is possible and useful, if it is feared that
zinc will not offer sufficient resistance, to have recourse to a different mode of
construction, which is to apply on the two flanks an outside skeleton which
will support the strain of the work, nothing further to be altered in the mode

page_text: of working. It is above all in manufactures and for working considerable
quantities of matters that recourse should be had to these means. With
respect to grain, in view of the results which I have obtained, I do not hesitate
to say to agriculturists, take a cylinder or granary made according to these
instructions with perforated staves, and this cylinder or granary being two-
thirds or even three-fourths filled with any sort of grain cause it not only to
turn on its axle, but also by a simple lever, or one with a cord, oscillate, so
that there be movement and shock, and you will obtain against humidity,
against weevils, and against the ordinary causes of the destruction of grain
effects and results completely efficacious. Thus my method rests not only on
my apparatus, but at the same time on the apparatus, the setting up and the
working of the apparatus, above all on the rolling, the oscillations, and the
shocks experienced by the matters to be treated.
On the accompanying Sheets of Drawing, forming part of this my Pro-
visional Specification, I have indicated the construction of an apparatus which
will give an idea of the solution of the problem.
On this Drawing the apparatus is seen in longitudinal section, in plan, and
in side view, Figure 1 (Sheet 1) being the longitudinal section, following
A, B, Figure 8; Figure 2 (Sheet 2), the plan; and Figure 3 (Sheet 1) the
side view.
On the plan the letters a indicate timbers forming a frame, on which are
to be fixed the staves or boards. On the section and on the plan may be seen
at letters 6 the position of the staves. The frame may be of iron, of wood,
or of wood aud metal, and the staves and boards may be of wood, or of metal,
or of metal and wood of perforated boards, or of wire gauze. The fastening c
may be combined in different ways. It is important that it should be capable
of being fastened by a key. Openings may be made in the bottoms or heads.
As to the bottom or head, as shewn by the side view, it may be made of
plates of metal or of wood, with beams or ribs correspondling with the beams
and ribs of the cylinder, properly so called. The axle d may go from one end
to the other, or not. The support is indicated by e. As to the means of
manceuvering the apparatus, they are to be found in the lever f, rope g, and
hooks and rings h, which receive the lever in turn. Inside the cylinder there
should be placed one or more framings or skeletons in proportion to the
lengthening of the cylinder, which length may be extended according to
the power at disposal and the strength of the apparatus.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis of Auxy, in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd December 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GASTON
CHARLES ANGE, Marquis AuxY, of Ergie Frasnes, near Leuze, Kingdom of
Belgium, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six,in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis Auxy, Her special licence that I, the said
Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis Auxy, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis Auxy,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man. an Iuvention for IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TREATING
CORN AND OTHER MATERIALS," upon the condition (anougst others) that I, the
said Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis Auxy, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months neat and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis Auxy.
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This method may be applied to the treatment of a very great number of
substances both mineral, vegetable, and animal, solid and liquid, to air or
aerate, preserve, roast, cool, mix, separate, clear, or purify, and submit them to
numerous special operations. Indeed for such purposes this method presents
at the same time very great facilities and au evident economy. Therefore I
do not doubt but that it will be adopted in collieries and in ironworks, for
coal and ores, in glassworks, dyeworks, tanneries, potteries, and porcelain
factories, in oil, varuish, sugar, and vinegar works, in corn warehouses and
grauaries to preserve grain; finally, in every branch of manufacture and agri

page_text: culture, where there are substances to be shaken, mixed, separated, combined,
and submitted to various movements, and that in changing or without
changing their temperature.
This Invention consists essentially in storing the matters to be treated in
apparatuses arranged as herein-after described, and in causing these appa-
ratuses to undergo the requisite movements and oscillations which, very often
efficacious and indispensable, have only hitherto been supplied bydifficultand
costlymanceuvres. Those apparatuses, which have theshape of drums of more or
less diameter and length, according to requirement and their destined use, are
cylinders traversed longitudinally by an axle and closed at their ends. At the
extremities of the staves which compose the drums, and fitted on the heads or
on the staves, or at the same time on both,are placed pegs, or racks, and hooks,
or catches and rings to receive levers, with which the druin carried on trestles
or otherwise may be set in motion, and receive the oscillations and shocks
which it is desirable to give it. The staves of these cylinders may be of wood
or of metal, or at the same time of both wood and metal; they may also be of
wite gauze, or of bars of iron, or of wood suitably adjusted. The formation
of these cylinders should mostly be commenced by constructing a wooden or
an iron frame on which the staves are fitted. All the staves may be more or
less perforated according to the matters to be treated, in certain cases only
some of them will be perforated. In the case of liquids, or of roasting or
mixing some solid substances, the staves should not be perforated but full or
solid, and close the drum as hermetically as possible. One or two of these
staves, according to circumstances, must be arranged so as to act as a door,
that is to say, to permit the loading of the matters to be treated into the
cylinder and their discharge. These doors may also be made in the heads of
the drum. When an inspection of what is passing in the interior is requisite,
bull's-eyes can be let into the staves and heads. These cylinders may be sup-
ported in any manner by walls, by stones, or by trestles, the essential point
being that they can turn and be shaken on their axle. One of the main
points of this method is, once the cylinder set up and the matters to be treated
stored within it, not only to cause it to turn on itself, but also to make it
oscillate to cause it to undergo shocks, and to manoeuvre in such wise that
the matters do not purely and simply fall again on themselves, but that they
shake and displace.
To obtain this important result I place, as already stated at the extremity
of my cylinder, hooks or catches capable of receiving the levers intended to
work it. These levers, if the cylinder is of inconsiderable size or but little
loaded, may suffice to produce the desired oscillation; but if the mass to be

page_text: I deem it
turned or shaken is considerable a rope must be added at one of the ends of
each lever, in order that by working in a similar manner to bell ringers the
matters to be treated may be more easily moved and shaken.
necessary to lay particular stress on this construction, which permits the most
easy realization of one of the most efficacious operations of manufacture and
agriculture, and one of the most easy to obtain economically. Indeed one,
two, three, and four men, each armed with a lever with rope, may each thus
move and shake more matters than could be done by four, eight, twelve, or
sixteen with ordinary means. In this respect the useful effect surpasses all
expectations. The cylinders might be worked by hydraulic, steam, or other
power than by hand labour, if desired. Finally, they may receive movements
varied not only as already stated, but also by cams, eccentrics, and any similar
and well-known means employed with the same object. It is possible and
useful, if it is feared that zinc will not offer sufficient resistance, to have
recourse to a different mode of construction, which is to apply on the two
flanks an outside skeleton which will support the strain of the work; nothing
further to be altered in the mode of working. It is above all in manufactures,
and for working considerable quantities of matters, that recourse should be had
to these means. With respect to grain, in view of the results which I have
obtained, I do not hesitate to say to agriculturists, take a cylinder or granary
made according to these instructions with perforated staves, and this cylinder
or granary being two-thirds or even three-fourths filled with any sort of grain,
cause it not only to turn on its axle, but also by a simple lever, or one with a
cord, oscillate, so that there be movement and shock, and you will obtain
against humidity, against weevils, and against the ordinary causes of the
destruction of grain, effects and results completely efficacious. Thus my
method rests not only on my apparatus, but at the same time on the appa-
ratus, the setting up, and the working of the apparatus, above all the rolling,
the oscillations, and the shocks experienced by the matters to be treated.
I have already stated that I reserve to myself in a special manner all the
applications of this mode of working, whether for preserving or mixing any
kind of substances to obtain heating, roasting, and cooking, in one word, to
effect by this mode of working what is now done by other means.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawing, forming part of this my Speci-
fication, I have indicated the construction of an apparatus which will give
an idea of the solution of the problem.
On this Drawing the apparatus is seen in longitudinal section, in plan,
and in side view; Figure 1 being the longitudinal section following A, B,
Figure 3; Figure 2, the plan; and Figure 3, the end view.

page_text: On the Plan the letters a indicate timbers forming a frame, on which are
to be fixed the staves or boards. On the section and on the plan the position
of the staves is indicated by letters b. The frame may be of iron, of wood,
or of wood and metal, and the staves or boards may be of wood or of metal,
or of metal and wood, of perforated boards, or of wire gauze. The fastening c
may be combined in different ways. It is important that it should be capable
of being fastened by a key. Openings may be made in the heads. As to the
head, as shewn by the end view, it may be made of plates of metal or of wood,
with beams or ribs corresponding with the beams and ribs of the cylinder,
properly so called. The axle d may go from one end to the other or not.
The support is indicated by e. As to the means of manoeuvering the appa-
ratus, they are to be found in the lever f, rope g, and hooks and rings h,
which receive the lever in turn. Inside the cylinder there should be placed
one or more framings or skeletons in proportion to the lengthening of the
cylinder, which length may be extended according to the power at disposal
and the strength of the apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gaston Charles Ange, Marquis Auxy,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of Decem-
ber, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.