Improvements in or relating to the Tyres and Rims of Velocipedes and other Carriages.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1891-Accepted, 4th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Tyres and Rims of Velocipedes
and other Carriages.
I JAMES SIDNEY LENTON of London Road, Coventry, Designer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows :-
"
My invention 1st relates to the construction of that class of tyre made from
"caoutchouc or "india-rubber" or elastic, material known as cushioned, and
applied to the purpose above set forth.
The 2nd part relates to the construction of the rim (metallic) for receiving the
said tyres.
I am aware that "cellular' or "chambered" tyres, known as cushioned are
in use and pneumatic, the object being to minimise vibration, if a cycle, and thus
give ease to the rider, but the surface bearing is so great as to retard the driving
power to a serious extent and there is also the liability of cutting the tyre according
to the construction of the rim as is now employed.
I will describe my invention thus :-
"
22
I construct my improved tyre from "caoutchouce" india-rubber, or elastic
material, partaking somewhat in outline cross-section of the "heart or "pip
shape, the upper part being a segment of two circles, united together, and the
lower, the bearing surface. Two cells or chambers run circumferentially of the
tyre, and are situated about centrally of the segmental parts above named. The
rim in cross section is as a segment of two circles united together also, to receive
the upper part of the tyre (and secured in any manner) and may be termed
duplex" or double rim, the edges of which are brought outward and in some cases
rolled over, so that the cutting action of tyre of the ordinary air cushioned or
pneumatic is prevented.
65
According to the construction of my tyre as above set forth there is no tendency
to overlap the rim, the action of the superincumbent weight being rather to press
the rubber well into the hollows of the rim and to prevent it from springing off as
might happen with a tyre and rim of spherical section, great freedom from vibration
results with this arrangement of two cells or chambers, forming a double air
cushioned tyre, as there is not only the elasticity of the imprisoned air contained in
the cells or chambers which traverse the circumference of the rim, but there is also
"buffer
the large mass of rubber between the air cells or chambers acting as a
between the uneven surface of the ground and the rim-One great advantage
is the reduction in the weight of the rubber tyre, and also the cost of same.
The spokes I fit alternately on the sides of the double rim and thus gain great
strength and rigidity to the wheel, and so reduce the liability of buckling.
1101 2
1
1000
THOMAS KENDRICK,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
O Improvements in or relating to the Tyres and Rims of Velocipedes
and other Carriages.
I, JAMES SIDNEY LENTON, of London Road, Coventry, Designer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
5 statement:-
My invention 1st relates to the construction of that class of tyre made from

page_text: "caoutchouc " or "india rubber," or elastic material, known as cushioned, and
applied to the purpose above set forth.
The 2nd part relates to the construction of the rini (metallic) for receiving the
said tyres.
I am aware that "cellular" or "chambered " tyres known as cushioned are in
.use and pneumatic, the object being to minimise vibration, in a cycle, and thus give
ease to the rider, but the surface bearing is so great as to retard the driving power
to a serious extent, and there is also the liability of cutting the tyre according to
the construction of rim as is now employed.
I will describe my invention thus
"
I construct my improved tyre from "caoutchouc " india-rubber, or elastic
material partaking somewhat in outline cross section of the "heart" or "pip
shape, the upper part being a segment of two circles, united together; and the
lower, the bearing surface. Two cells or chambers run circumferentially of the
tyre, and are situated about centrally of the segmental parts above named.
The rim in cross section is as a segment of two circles united together also, to
receive the upper part of the tyre (and secured in any manner) and may be termed
'duplex” or double-rim; the edges of which are brought outward and in some
cases rolled over, so that the cutting action of the tyre of the ordinary air
cushioned or pneumatic is prevented.
-56
According to the construction of my tyre as above set forth there is no tendency
to overlap the rim, the action of the superincumbent weight being rather to press
the rubber well into the hollows of the rim, and to prevent it from springing off as
might happen with a tyre, and rim of spherical section, great freedom from vibration
results with this arrangement of two cells or chambers, forming a double air
cushioned tyre as there is not only the elasticity of the imprisoned air contained in
the cells or chambers which traverse the circumference of the rim, but there is also
the large mass of rubber between the air cells or chambers acting as a "buffer"
between the uneven surface of the ground and the rim. One great advantage is
the reduction in the weight of the rubber tyre and also the cost of same.
The
spokes I fix alternately on the sides of the double rim, and thus gain great
strength and rigidity to the wheel and so reduce the liablility of buckling.
"
And in order that this my said invention may be more fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several figures on the sheet of drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
figures.
Fig. 1, is a view transverse section of my improved tyre, and rim affixed or
connected.
Fig. 2, is a view as Fig. 1 but the rim only.
Fig. 3 is a plan view as Fig. 1.
Fig. 4, is a view transverse section, being a modification as Fig. 1.
Fig. 5, is a similar view, also a modification.
Fig. 6, is a departure in shape the tyre having two cells.
a is the tyre, of elastic material in outline cross section resembling the "heart"
or "pip" shape, the upper part a' shewing a segment of two circles, a² being the
bearing surface, b, b, are cells or chambers, occupying about a central position to a¹
and run circumferentially the whole of the tyre (when formed as a wheel). The
rim C, takes the same configuration as a¹, a¹, of a.
I thus construct a "double" or "duplex" rim to correspond with the tyre. A
rim thus made receives the spokes d alternately, and for rigidity, and lightness is of
the greatest utility, and will not cut the tyre.
In Fig. 4, I form the tyre a as Fig. 1, in its entirety, and the rim c, partially, so
far as regards the inner part but in place of the terminal edges c' Fig. 1, I provide
sufficient metal, in the process of manufacture to admit of its being bent round as c³
and under as 3 forming a clear non-cutting edge, the chamber e, gives additional
strength and rigidity.

page_text: Fig. 5, shews that a "double "
or "duplex" rim c, according to my invention
may be constructed of various shapes, and the tyres would be formed corre-
spondingly. I may in some instances use tyres with one cell only to my duplex
rims.
The above being my invention I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details shewn, as I may alter or modify the same without
departing from the principle of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1st. The construction of a tyre and the construction of a rim and the application
of the tyre, to the rim substantially as and for the purposes herein before set forth
and described.
2nd. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts as herein
before described and illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings the whole
forming "Improvements in or relating to the tyres and rims of velocipedes and
other carriages."
T
THOS. KENDRICK,
Agent for Applicant.