Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 24th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 27th Jan., 1888
We, ALFRED LISTER, and WOODHOUSE CARTER, of Low Moor, Yorkshire, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to prior Letters Patent granted to the present
applicants, dated February 2nd A.D. 1886 No. 1485, which improvements consisted in
the employment of certain rocking bars for forming loops on the face and back of the
cloth. These rocking bars are actuated by a grooved cam, and the object of our
present invention is to employ certain other mechanism whereby the apparatus which
makes the loops, may for any given time remain inoperative, so that the loom may
go on weaving without forming loops.
In order to carry out our invention we use a loose segment or part tappit which can
be employed either to stop up the entrance of the cam groove so that the pulley of the
operating lever will run outside the cam groove to keep the loop forming mechanism
inoperative, or the said loose segments may be free to drop away from the entrance to
the cam grooves, so that the pulley on the operating lever can work in the cam
groove, in which case the loop forming mechanism is allowed to act. To cause the
loose segments to close up the entrance to the cam grooves we simply employ a lever
actuated when required by the weaver, which lever keeps the segments in position and
prevents them dropping away from the entrance to the cam grooves, which they are
allowed to do as soon as liberated by the lever just mentioned.
Secondly-In weaving towels it is necessary for the loom to stop when a given
length has been woven, and to do this the weaver has had to be attentive, so that when
the required length of fabric has been woven the weaver has stopped the loom by
setting the stop rod lever in motion.
We propose to relieve the weaver of this duty and to employ self-acting mechanism
for stopping the loom, when the required length of towelling has been woven.
To do this we place a tooth wheel on the taking up beam or any other convenient
rotary part of the loom, around which toothed wheel a chain is passed carrying a lug
or other enlargement, which lug is set to represent a given length on the chain; the
arrangement being such that when the lug arrives at a given place it actuates a rod
and light finger, which when operated in a certain direction, such finger places the
Pain 1

page_text: weft fork in gear with the knocking off mechanism, whereby the loom is stopped self-
actingly when sufficient length of towelling has been woven.
Thirdly Our invention has reference to the dobby which works in combination
with the above named mechanism, the object of the improvements being to use such
dobby for looping, which forms the body of the towel, and also using the said dobby
for making a fancy border without loops on the ends of the towels.
To carry out our invention we use the ordinary horizontal tumblers, but instead of using
two tumblers for one heald, we only use one tumbler for each heald, the intervening
space between each tumbler being employed for purposes hereinafter explained. One
end of each tumbler is made with two fingers, one of such fingers actuating a sliding
hook in the bottom row of sliding hooks, whilst the other finger is used for actuating
one of the sliding hooks in the top row of sliding hooks, so that when the pegs on the
lags lift a tumbler, such tumbler operates two hooks, one at the bottom and one at the
top, so that both hooks, are lifted clear of the usual reciprocatory knives employed to
operate such hooks, and consequently the healds connected therewith for forming the
"shed." The lags are provided with pegs for forming two patterns, the pegs being
arranged in the lags alternately, and we place such lags upon a barrel having an end-
wise movement, so that the barrel can be pushed backward and forward for the
purpose of placing the pegs under the tumblers for varying the pattern, but to do
this, we employ a bar under all the tumblers, which on being actuated lifts all the
tumblers clear of the pegs; the lags and pegs are then slided endwise so as to change
the pegs under the tumblers, but when the lifting bar is removed from under the tumblers,
the row of pegs which are inoperative are standing up in the spaces between each tumbler,
and are in no way interfered with by the tumblers, but when the pattern requires changing,
the lifting bar is operated so as to raise the tumblers clear of all the pegs, when those
pegs which were between the tumblers are now placed by the barrel under the
tumblers, and those pegs which were acting under the tumblers, now pass up between
the spaces, and this change and interchange is done each time the pattern is altered.
Dated this 24th day of March 1887.

page_text: We, ALFRED LISTER and WOODHOUSE CARTER, of Low Moor, Yorkshire, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of our invention is to produce looped fabrics such as towels, terries, and
fancy looped dress goods, also to arrange the mechanism so that the looping part will
remain inoperative, for the purpose of weaving borders or other plain parts.
In carrying out the first part of our invention, we employ two rocking bars, one
arranged at the back of the loom and one arranged at the front of the loom.
Two warp beams are employed, one for the body of the fabric and one for
the loops, which may or may not be of a superior quality. These two warps
are placed at the back of the loom and pass over the rocking bar placed there,
thence forward through the healds, and over the rocking bar at the front
of the loom, and finally are wound onto the cloth beam in the ordinary manner. The
rocking bars are connected together by a rod, so that when operated in either
direction by cams or tappets, the two rocking bars move together either backward or
forward.
t
Apparatus is also employed for the purpose of making the loop forming mechanism
inoperative, so that the loom may go on weaving without forming loops.
Such being the nature and object of our invention, we will now proceed to describe
the same more fully, and for that purpose make reference to the accompanying sheet
of drawings illustrative thereof, wherein Fig. 1 is end elevation of so much of
a loom as is necessary to shew our improvements, and Fig. 2 cross-section of
same. 1 is the loom frame, 2 the healds, 3 an ordinary warp beam, and
4 the ordinary taking up beam. Numbers 5 and 6 are two rocking bars,
supported by studs working in small brackets attached to the ordinary back
rail a and also to the front breast rail 7. To the rocking bars at each side of the
loom, both back and front, are attached slotted arms 8 and 9, connected together by
horizontal rods 10, in such manner that when one rocking bar moves the other
follows. Oscillatory motion is given to the bars by means of an inclined segment
lever 11 working upon a stud 12 projecting from the loom frame. This segment lever
is connected by vertical rod 13 to the horizontal lever 14, carrying a bowl 15 working
in the groove of the cam 16, the rotation of which cam gives an upward and down-
ward motion to the parts just described. The bracket 17 projecting from the slotted
arm 8 (see Fig. 3) carries a pin or stud b, against which pin the segmented end of
lever 11 bears, so that as the said lever is oscillated backwards and forwards it gives a
slight motion to the rocking bars, and this is repeated at each revolution of the
cam 16. When the front rocking bar 6 is moved from the breast beam, the warp will
be carried forward to the extent of the motion of the rocking bars, in doing which the
last shoot or filling of weft is taken beyond the reach of the reed at its next beat up.

page_text: We then throw two or more fillings of weft across the warp, and afterwards cause the
rocking bars to move in the opposite direction, that is to say, towards the breast
beam, which takes the warp back again, so that when the reed beats up again, the few
fillings of weft last put in will be beaten up to the weft previously beaten up, in
doing which a portion of the warp coming off the additional warp beam 18 (and
which is not held tight like the warp used in forming the groundwork of the fabric),
is pulled or drawn forward, and from its position must necessarily rise above the
surface of the fabric, and form loops thereby. The operation is again and again
repeated, continuously so, by which means we produce a looped fabric by a positive
and expeditious means, without much alteration of, or addition to, the loom. It must
be understood that the front rocking bar draws down both warps, whilst the back
rocking bar draws back the bottom warp only, leaving the length of the top warp
drawn forward to be beaten up as drawn away from the reach of the reed at its next
advance to the extent of the forward movement of the bar. Two or more fillings are
then put in, when the action of the bars is reversed and the bottom warp being taken
back the rod beats up again, driving the few fillings of weft last put in forward up to
the fell of the cloth and forming the threads of the pile warp into the loops peculiar
to the Terry weave. In Fig. 4 we have shewn the form and style of loop which may
be produced by our improved apparatus.
When a sufficient quantity of loops have been made, and it is necessary to make the
loom produce plain work, we stop the loom forming mechanism in the following
manner: We make the cam 16 with two loose segments 19, which is employed for
stopping up the entrances of the grooves in the cam. The cam (an enlargement of
which is shewn in Fig. 5) is made with slots in which the loose segments can move or
slide, one of which is shewn in detail Fig. 6 and in position within the cam in
section Fig. 7. When the loom is required to form loops, these loose cams permit
the loom to do so, that is to say, as the cam revolves, the segments, of their own
weight, fall down into the position shewn in Figs. 1 and 5, in which case the bowl 15
carried by the horizontal lever 14 would be caused to travel within the cam groove
and the loop forming mechanism operated, but if the weaver requires the loom to
weave without loops, the vertical lever 20 is drawn forward, causing the horizontal
part of the lever 21 to be lifted, which would be lifted to such a position that as the
cam and segments rotated the lug c on the loose segments would he caught by the
semi-circular end of lever 21, which semicircular end would support the segments and
prevent their dropping down the slots in the cam plate 15, in which case the bowl on
the lever 14 could not enter the cam groove, but would rest in the circular part of the
cam, by which means the rocking bars 6 and 7 would remain stationary.
Secondly. In weaving towels it is necessary for the loom to stop when a given
length of fabric has been woven, and to do this, the weaver has hitherto had to
be on the lookout, so that when the required length of looped fabric had been woven
the weaver stopped the loom by setting in motion the ordinary stop rod lever. We
propose to relieve the weaver of this duty, and to employ self acting mechanism for
stopping the loom when the required length of towelling has been woven. To do this
we place a toothed wheel on one of the cloth beams or on any other convenient rotary
part of the loom. Around the toothed wheel is a chain carrying a lug, which lug is
set or adjusted to represent a given length on the chain, the arrangement being such
that when the lug arrives at a given place, it actuates a rod and finger which, when
operated in a certain direction, such finger places the ordinary weft fork into gear
with the ordinary knocking off mechanism, whereby the loom is stopped self-actingly
when sufficient length of towelling has been woven.
This part of our invention is shewn in Fig. 1, where 22 is the taking up beam
around the end of which is chain 23, a link of which chain carries a lug 24. The weft fork
is shewn at 25, supported on one end of a rod 26, which rod is carried on the end of a
lever arm 27, working on a fulcrum 27 (see Fig. 8) projecting up from a bracket at
the end of the loom frame, all of which is arranged in the ordinary manner. To the
front rail of the loom we fix a small bracket 28, at one end of which is a stud carrying
a bell crank lever 29, the upper end of which can act upon the weft fork 25, whilst

page_text: the other end carries the vertical rod 30 (see plan view Fig. 8 and enlarged section
Fig. 9). Therefore, as the chain 23 is caused to travel by the rotation of the
faking up beam, the lug 24, on such said chain will come into contact with the
lower end of the vertical rod, causing it to rise, in doing which the cranked arm
of the bell crank lever 29 will depress the weft fork so as to be caught hold of
by the weft fork hammer 31, causing the loom to be stopped thereby, just in the
same manner as if there were no weft or filling lying on the slayboard.
By this means the loom can be stopped when any given length of looped cloth has
been made, according to the arrangement of the lug in the links of the chain.
Thirdly. Our invention also relates to the dobby working in combination with
the above named mechanism, the object of our improvements therein being to
use such dobby for looping, which forms the body of the towel, and also using the
said dobby for making a fancy border without loops on the ends of the towel.
To carry out our invention we use the ordinary horizontal tumblers, but instead of
using two tumblers for one heald we only use one tumbler for each heald, the inter-
vening space between each tumbler being utilized for purposes hereinafter explained.
One end of each tumbler is made with two fingers, one of such fingers actuating
a sliding hook in the bottom row of sliding hooks, whilst the other finger is used for
actuating one of the sliding hooks, in the top row of sliding hooks, so that when the
pegs on the lags lift a tumbler the fingers are clear of the sliding hook, but when a
peg is absent from the lags the tumbler falls, causing the fingers to rise, thereby
operating the two, hooks, one at the bottom and one at the top, so that both hooks are
made to stand clear of the usual reciprocatory knives which are employed to operate
such hooks, and consequently the heals connected therewith for forming the shed are
also operated. The lags are provided with pegs for forming two patterns, the pegs
being arranged in lags alternately, and we place such lags upon a barrel having an
endwise movement, so that the barrel can be pushed backward and forward for the
purpose of placing the pegs under the tumblers for varying the pattern of the towel
being woven but to do this we employ a levelling bar under all the tumblers,
which on being actuated lifts the tumbler clear of the pegs. The lags and pegs are
afterwards slided endwise so as to change the pegs in the tumblers; but when the
lifting bar is removed from under the tumblers, the row of pegs which are inoperative
are standing up in the spaces between each pair of tumblers, and are in no way inter-
fered with by the tumblers, but when the pattern requires changing the levelling bars
are operated so as to raise the tumblers clear of all the pegs; when those pegs which
were between the tumblers are now placed by the barrel under the tumblers, and those
pegs which were acting under the tumblers now pass up between the spaces; and this
change and interchange is done each time the pattern is altered.
This part of our invention is illustrated in Fig. 10 and on a larger scale in Fig. 11
where 32 is the ordinary framework for supporting the dobby, which also has fastened
to it suitable frames 33 for carrying the ordinary pegging cylinder, which carries the
peg lags 34. The tumblers are shewn at 35 working on a horizontal rod 36, which
tumblers carry fingers c and d, the arrangement being such that when there are no
pegs on the lags the tumblers fall onto the lags as shewn in dotted lines Fig. 11, but
if a peg is present the tumblers are raised as shewn in full line. The sliding hooks
are shewn at 37 and 38 working through grates 39. These sliding hooks are drawn
backward and forward according to selection by the usual reciprocating knives 40,
which as they advance backwards and forwards move with them such looks as have
not been lifted clear of the knives. The hooks are connected to the levers 41 and 42,
which are attached to the healds 2 for the purpose of opening and closing the shed,
as is common in dobbies and well understood. It will therefore be seen that when
there are no pegs on the lags the tumblers assumes the position shewn in dotted lines
in Fig. 11, causing the fingers c and d to lift the hooks 37 and 38 clear of their
respective knives 40, and if pegs are present on the lags the fingers of the tumblers
are kept clear of the hooks. It will be seen that the top hook is lifted by a collar 43
at the top of the vertical rod 44, which is actuated by the finger d. As stated, the
lags carry two sets of pegs, each forming different patterns, so that when one set of

page_text: pegs have been employed the other set of pegs, which during that time have been passing
up through the spaces between the tumblers, as is shewn in plan view Fig. 12, can now
in their turn be brought under the tumblers, and this is effected in the following
manner :-The levelling bar 45 works loosely on the shaft 46, carrying the pegging
barrel the said shaft also carries a lover arm 47, which lever arm carries a pin 48
for the purpose of catching underneath the arm of the levelling bar 45, therefore,
when it is desirable to change the pattern, the hand wheel 49 is operated so as to lift
the lever arm 47, with its pin 48, upwards, in doing which the pin lifts the levelling
bar and raises all the tumblers clear of the pegs. The shaft of the pegging barrel is
then slided end wise in its bearings sufficiently far to bring the idle pegs under the
tumblers, and those pegs previously working within the spaces of the tumblers,
so as to change the pattern; the levelling bar is then removed from under-
neath the tumblers, and the loom proceeds to weave, producing a change in the
pattern being woven.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is: :-
Firstly. In a loom for weaving towels, terries, and fancy looped dress goods, the
employment of loose segment tappets 19 as shewn in Figs. 1, 5, 6, and 7, and levers 20
and 21, for preventing the operation of such segments for the purpose of stopping
the loop forming mechanism substantially as described.
Secondly. In a towel weaving loom, the employment of the chain carrying a lug 24,
working in combination with the vertical rod 30, bell crank lever 29, and weft
fork 25 for stopping the loom when a given length of looped fabric has been woven,
substantially as described and shewn in Figs. 1, 8, and 9.
Thirdly. In the dobby of a towel weaving loom, the combination of tumbler 35,
levelling bar 45, and a pegging cylinder having an endwise movement, all sub-
stantially as described.
Dated this 02-1 law of Daaamhan 1007