IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MAKING AERATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS.
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elise Cochaud, Widow, of Paris, in the Empire of
France, and of 32, Essex Street, Strand, Middlesex, for the Invention
of "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MAKING AERATED OR GASEOUS
LIQUIDS.
Sealed the 18th December 1855, and dated the 20th June 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Elise Cochaud at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the 20th June
-1855. .
I, ELISE COCHAUD, Widow, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of
32, Essex Street, Strand, Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MAKING AERATED OR
GASEOUS LIQUIDS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to a gas generator, which consists of a vessel of
suitable capacity, containing a certain quantity of the usual acidulated water.
The top part or mouth of this generator is closed by a cap or stopper, which is
secured on it by means of a screw collar going on the screwed neck of the
vessel, and bearing upon rollers fixed on the circumference of the cap, which is
thus made to bear tightly upon packing laid between it and the top of the
vessel's neck. The cap has also the following part connected with it:-A
stuffing box, through which passes a rod, on which is fixed inside the vessel
any of the usual carbonates agglutinated into a lump by some agglutinative
substance; this rod is lowered when it is desired to generate gas, so as to suit-

page_text: ably immerse the carbonate in the acidulated water and obtain the aerating
gas by decomposition. This gas is conducted by a suitable pipe upon the cap
into the bottle whose contents it is desired to aerate. The gas on its way out
of the generator passes through a purifier, which is lodged between said lump
of carbonate and the cap. There is also a safety valve fixed on the top of the
cap, in addition to which a mercury guage may be used.
The second improved apparatus consists of two vessels, that are united
together or superposed by suitable packing. The upper and larger one of these
two vessels contains the liquid to be aerated, the lower the gas-generating
matter, and both communicate with each other by means of a capillary tube,
tapering from above downwards, or in the opposite direction. There may
also be a plate in the lower vessel for holding the carbonate or equivalent
matter.
pró-'
The third apparatus consists of two separate vessels, in the first of which the
gas is generated, and from thence passed into the second vessel, which is con-
siderably larger, and contains the water or other liquid to be aerated. The
generating vessel has the following leading parts:-An acid holder, which can
be opened from outside by a valve & rod, so as to let the acid flow into the lower
part on the bicarbonate; an agitator, to be turned by means of a shaft j
jecting outside. The gas passes into the aerating vessel through a pipe with
a kind of pressure valve, so as to regulate the efflux of gas. The aerating
vesel has the following leading parts: A purifier, through which the gas is
made to pass before getting into the lower parts of the aerating vessel; an
agitator with paddles, for facilitating the absorption of the gas. The following
parts are on the lid :-A stopper hole for introducing the water, a valve for
the acid, a safety valve, a nozzle for emptying the purifier, and also one for
bottling, a mercury guage, a stopper hole for introducing the water into the
purifier, and also one for the bicarbonate. On the side of the aerating vessel
there are glass tubes acting as water guages.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Elise Cochaud in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th
December 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ELISE
COCHAUD, Widow, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of No. 32, Essex
Street, Strand, London, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One. thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto, me, the
said Elise Cochaud, Widow, Her special licence that I, the said Elise Cochaud,
Widow,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Elise Cochaud, Widow, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and'
Ireland; the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MAKING AERATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Elise Cochaud, Widow, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe.
and ascertain the nature of, the said Invention, and in what manner the.
same was to be performed, and cause, the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Elise Cochaud, Widow, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-.
This Invention relates, 1st,, to a new arrangement in gas generators for.
gaseifying or aërating liquids; 2nd, to a new combined apparatus for simul-
The former of these apparatus:
taneously generating. gas and aërating liquids.
is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and the other in Figs. 5 & 6 on the annexed
Sheets of Drawings.
The gas: generator or; gas-generating apparatus consists of a cylindrical or
any. other suitable form-vessel A, supported by a framing B, B. The inside.of.
this vessel is divided-in two parts by the partition C in the upper chamber; and
fixed to the lid D is a box E, containing water for the purpose of purifying the:
generated gas. In the lower chamber gas is generated by acid being brought
in contact, with bicarbonate... Through both chambers a rod F passes, carry-
ing a sector G, which rubs in its revolution against the partition C, and
covers the grooved part H. The lid D has six openings a, b, c, d, e, f. à is
intended to secure a valved tube for the emission of gas and its admission into
the bottles to be saturated; at 6 is secured a manometer, pointing out the
internal pressure; at c is a safety valve; d serves to introduce water into the
purifier; and e, to exhaust it through the tube-el, that reaches the bottom of
the purifier is an opening, through which the liquid-acid, is poured and
powders are thrown; an agitator I, secured to the rod F, mixes the powders.

page_text: together with the acid; a stopper J is drawn at the lower part of the vessel A,
for giving way to the remaining liquid after the. decomposition has taken.
place.
"
To work the apparatus, a crank K is wound in such a manner as to un-
cover the sector H of the partition C; the liquid acid is poured through the
opening f, and flows into the lower chamber of A; the sector His covered
again, and the powders of bicarbonate of soda or others are thrown, which drop
into the upper chamber above the partition; the opening f is closed, and the
crank K wound so as to bring the salt in contact with the acid by the rubbing
of the sector G on the partition C; gas is then generated, and the lid being
taken off the opening H, it goes through the tube L into E, there to be
purified. When the manometer points out a sufficient pressure, the syphon or
spout of a common gasogen filled with water is adjusted on the pipe a', and
the valve is raised by means of the lever M & a treadle. When the water.
is saturated with gas, which is pointed out by the manometer, the valve is closed
and another bottle adapted.
In order to facilitate the absorption of gas by the liquid, instead of directly
adapting the neck of the bottle on the tube a¹, I screw it up at the end of an
india-rubber additional tube, which is joined to the tube a; by such an
arrangement the liquid may be agitated in the bottle as the saturating opera-
tion goes on.
After the whole generated gas has been employed, the purifier
is emptied out through the tube e, the pressure of the remaining gas being
sufficient to have the purifier entirely emptied. The saline dissolution is then
poured out of the vessel A through J, and another operation is proceedled with
when required.
.
The next apparatus or double apparatus consists of a generator A¹, a-purifier
E', & a. larger apparatus N, containing water that gets saturated with gas:
generated in the former apparatus A'. This has four openings, one admitting
the tube F with a crank K', and carrying an agitator I at its lower part; two
others, f', c, for conveying the acid and salt, and receiving the safety valve;
and the fourth g, for a communication tube o between the generator and the
washer or purifier, said tube carrying a communication valve or cock h. The
purifier or washer, which in this apparatus is separated from the generator,
has four openings: g', through which the gas-conveying tube o dips into the
vessel E, in which gas is purified; i, from which another tube o¹ starts, which
connects the purifier with the dissolver at ;, to which the manometer is
adjusted; d, through which water is poured into the purifier. Through a
stopper P, and through a similar one J', the washer and the generator are
emptied out.

page_text: The tube 'o', which extends so far as the bottom of the dissolver, is perforated,.
for the purpose of dividing the gas; a crank K" and a shaft F", provided with
paddles in cross directions, serve for stirring the water and equalizing its satu-
ration. After the aëration of the liquid, bottles are filled through the orifice
a", and by means of a treadle. The inside of the generator being the same as
in the plain apparatus, safe the purifier, which is separate, it will be operated
quite in the same manner; only instead of letting the gas out into spouts,
there-to-be-dissolved, the same; as it is generated; will saturate the water;-the
bottles are afterwards filled with water thus gaseified.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
it is or may be carried into effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood that
what I claim as novel, and being secured to me by the herein-before in parts
recited Letters Patent, is, such arrangements as I have above described of a
plain or double apparatus intended for generating gas and dissolving it in
water, either separately or externally, as in the former apparatus, or at the
same time it is generated, as occurs in the double apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elise Cochaud, Widow, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-five.