An Improved Draught Collar for Horses.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 27th Sept., 18:0
ענת VVLI
An Improved Draught Collar for Horses.
I, CHRISTIAN HEINRICH LEHMANN, of Adelaide in the Province of South Australia,
Saddler do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED DRAUGHT
COLLAR FOR HORSES" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The special object of my invention is to provide a collar for draught horses of such
construction as will prevent their shoulders from becoming sore. I accomplish this
by constructing the collar in two parts in the following manner.
The outer part
consists of a leather shell or housing composed of several thicknesses of leather sewn
or rivetted together and provided with a steel, iron, or other suitable metal lining for
the purpose of giving shape and stiffness; or the outer shell may be composed
entirely of wood. The inner part consists of a pad stuffed with horsehair or other
soft material, and secured to the outer shell by means of hafts and buckles or other
suitable means.
The whole collar may be so constructed as to open at the top or at the bottom, but
in the following description is shewn as opening at the bottom, and fastened by means
of a leather flap and staple with leather point passing through the latter.
I provide also a special form of hames constructed in two parts joined at their
lower extremity by means of a bolt and socket and fixed to the outer shell by bolts or
straps, and having a special attachment by means of which the draught may be moved.
to different positions. I do not however, confine myself to this special form of hames
but may use any ordinary description.
In order to protect the horse's sides when pulling and to form also a rest for the
hame hooks, 1 fix to either side of the collar a block of wood or other hard material
covered with leather.
By constructing the collar in two parts as before described any portion or the
whole of the pad can be unfastened at will from the outer shell and additional stuffing
put in or taken out in order to ease the horse's shoulders when shewing a tendency to
become sore from any cause. This from the special construction of the collar can be
done without removing it or any portion of the harness from the horse and cannot, so
far as I am aware, be effected with any draught collar at present in use.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I will now proceed to
describe the same in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. I, is a front elevation of the outer shell, hames, and pad complete shewing the
collar closed.
Fig. II, a similar elevation shewing the collar open.
Fig. III, a front elevation of the outer shell, shewing the inner pad and hames
removed.
Fig. IV, a rear elevation of the outer shell and pad.
Fig. V, a rear elevation of the pad.
Fig. VI, a front elevation of the hames.
Similar letters refer to similar parts in all figures.
A, is an outer shell composed of leather with an inner lining of steel or other
suitable metal and jointed at the top. A', leather flap rivetted to A, and provided with
a suitable slot. A², staple rivetted to the other half of A. A³, leather point, of such
width as to pass freely throngh the staple A* A*, buckles fixed in suitable places
near the outer edge of the shell A. B, hames, preferably constructed in two parts of
bevelled steel, and extending almost round the collar. The hames B, may be attached
to the outer shell A, by bolts and screws passing through a plate in the inner lining of
the outer shell A, or by straps or other suitable means. B, joint of hames consisting.
of a projecting bolt on one part and corresponding socket on the other. B², loops of
רנ...D

page_text: hames for the purpose of regulating the draught. C, hame hooks. C, bolt of hame
hooks passing through the loops B2, and secured by a suitable nut. D, blocks of wood
or other suitable hard material covered with leather and fixed to the outer shell
immediately underneath the hame hooks. E, inner removable pad stuffed with horse-
hair or other suitable material and fastened to the outer shell A by straps attached to
the buckles A, or other suitable means.
When my improved collar is in use, and the shoulders of the horse shew signs of
becoming sore, it is only necessary to loosen one or more of the straps which attach
the inner pad E to the outer shell A and to insert additional stuffing of any descrip-
tion between the pad and the outer shell A. The effect of this is to give the collar a
fresh bearing and to relieve from pressure the part which was becoming sore. In the
same way additional stuffing which may have been inserted between the pad and the
outer shell A can be removed or its position changed; or if from the same reason it
is desirable to shift the draught, this can be done by removing the screwed bolt. C³,
and with it the hame hook C, attaching them to the higher or lower loops B2.
"
I am aware of an invention entitled "A Combined Hames and Collar for Horses
for which Great Britain Letters Patent No. 13343 of 1888 were granted to myself
and James Henry Southcott, and wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not
claim as my invention the combination of a horse collar and hames in one piece,
jointed together and secured by a spring hook as therein set forth, or any portion of
the invention for which the said Letters Patent were granted.
In the recited invention the special feature consists in causing the hame to act as a
"forewall" and to form the basis upon which the collar is built thus combining the
two in one piece. In the present invention on the contrary the collar has no "forewall"
but consists of three independent and removable parts as hereinbefore described. The
former invention is suitable for light work and quickness in harnessing; the latter is
solely intended for heavy draughtwork and the prevention of sore shoulders in
horses.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. The construction of draught collars for horses in two parts consisting of an
outer shell opening at the top or bottom and an inner removable pad secured to the
outer shell by means of hafts and buckles or other suitable means substantially- as
herein described.
Second. In the construction of draught collars for horses an outer shell such as A
composed of several thicknesses of leather sewn or rivetted together and provided
with an inner lining of metal the two parts of which are secured together at the
opening by a flap and staple or other suitable means, substantially as herein
described.
Third. In draught collars for horses the construction of the hames in two parts
joined at their lower extremity by a bolt and socket and provided with movable
draught substantially as herein described.
.
Fourth. In the construction of draught collars for horses an outer shell such as A,
to which is secured a removable pad such as E, stuffed with horsehair or other suitable
material in combination with lames such as B, provided with adjustable draught
and with side blocks such as D, substantially as herein described and for the purpose
indicated.
Dated this First day of July 1890.