IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHODS OF APPLYING AND ARRANGING APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING SEA WATER, AND ALSO INSINGUCH
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel John Browning, of Portsmouth, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHODS OF APPLYING AND
ARRANGING APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING SEA WATER, AND ALSO IN
Scaled the 31st May 1867, and dated the 1st December 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel John Browning
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st December 1866.
IN
от
I, SAMUEL JOHN BROWNING, of Portsmouth, Engineer, do hereby declare
THE 'METHODS
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLYING AND ARRANGING APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING SEA WATER, AND ALSO IN
THE MODE OR METHOD OF COMBINING AND USING SUCH APPARATUS FOR THAT AND
OTHEK PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in applying and arranging certain parts of apparatus
employed or intended to be employed for boiling off water, and in adapting
distilling or boiling off apparatus to existing galleys or cooking apparatus
or to the heating or warming apparatus fitted on board of sea-going ships
or other vessels.
Instead of constructing cooking stoves or galleys in the usual manner I
place above the "hot plate" or stove top, or between the fire and the flue pipe
or chimney going above deck, or above the "cook house," a tubular or tubulous
box, case, or other vessel of any suitable 'form, so constructed that the heat
[Price 8d.1

page_text: or flame and products of combustion from the fire act upon one or other side
of the series of tubes contained therein for the purpose of heating the salt
water in contact with the other or contrary side of such tubes, that is to say,
that when the salt water circulates within the tubes the heat is applied exter-
nally, and when the heat is caused to pass through the interior of the tubes
salt water will be in contact with the exterior of such tubes, and thus the heat
which would otherwise pass up the flue or chimney is utilized for the purpose
of generating steam from salt water, to be afterwards condensed by any of the
ordinary steam cooling or condensing apparatus. By interposing a vessel
containing tubes between the "hot plate" or cover of a cooking stove of the
ordinary construction and the flue pipe or chimney I am enabled to place the
ordinary fresh water heater or boiler behind it, so as to form a flue and hot
chamber by which the flame and products of combustion are further detained
and caused to remain in contact with the metallic heat-abstracting surfaces,
so as to impart as much of the remaining heat thereto as may be available or
useful; for this purpose I split or divide the flue into suitable parts or passages
so as to prolong the circulation of the heated products of combustion.
In ships' cooking apparatus, wherein the construction thereof permits of
their being introduced I place beneath the hot plate or stove top (and where
convenient around the sides of the stove or galley) a series of pipes or tubes
connected together, or connected with the tubes in the tubular water box or
the vertical tubulous smoke flue; these horizontal tubes under the "hot
plate" are acted upon directly by the fire, and materially increase the heat-
abstracting and steam-generating surface of the apparatus. For the purpose
of more perfectly governing or regulating the action of the heat upon the tubular
or tubulous vessel placed above or behind the cooking stove or galley, as
described, I so place dampers or draught valves above and below that the
heat may be made to act directly and solely upon or partially or not at all upon
the salt water distilling apparatus.
In adapting heating stoves or stoves for warming I interpose between the top
thereof and the flue or chimney pipe a tubular or tubulous box, as before de-
scribed, and in constructing heating stoves for sea-going ships I prefer to con-
struct them with a double casing and tubes, so that the salt water being contained
therein and surrounding the grate or combustion chamber the steam generating
or salt water vaporizing is effected, and the burning of the air to be rarified and
afterwards breathed or inhaled is more effectually prevented.
I propose to apply and arrange in a like manner high-pressure steam
generating apparatus in connection with a cooking stove or galley, or a stove
or heating apparatus for heating the interior of ships or other vessels, so that

page_text: when steam power is required to work a donkey engine for driving. ventilating
apparatus or pumps, cargo-hoisting crabs, winches or cranes, or other steam
power apparatus required for occasional use on board ships, the steam instead
of being conducted into the condensing apparatus is directed into the donkey
engine or steam winch or crane, or such like apparatus, and it may, if desired;
be conducted from thence into a condenser.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel John Browning in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 1st June 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
JOHN BROWNING, of Portsmouth, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Samuel John Browning, Her special license that I,
the said Samuel John Browning, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Samuel John Browning, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHODS OF APPLYING AND ARRANGING
APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING SEA WATER, AND ALSO IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF
COMBINING AND USING SUCH APPARATUS FOR THAT AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel John Browning, executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, or under
the hand and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that I, the said Samuel John Browning, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings:-

page_text: This Invention consists in applying and arranging certain parts of apparatus
intended to be employed for boiling off water or for generating steam, and also
in adapting such apparatus to existing galleys or cooking apparatus, and to the
heating or warming apparatus fitted and used or employed on board of sea-going
ships or other vessels, as herein-after described.
Instead of constructing cooking stoves or galleys in the usual manner I place
above the "hot plate" or stove top, or between the fire and the flue pipe or
chimney going above deck or above the "cook house," a tubular or tubulous
box, case, or other vessel of any suitable form, so constructed that the heat or
flame and products of combustion from the fire act upon one or other side of
the series of tubes contained therein for the purpose of heating the salt water
in contact with the other or contrary side of such tubes, that is to say, that
when the salt water circulates within the tubes the heat is applied externally,
and when the heat is caused to pass through the interior of the tubes salt
water will be in contact with the exterior of such tubes, and thus the heat
which would otherwise pass up the flue or chimney is utilized for the purpose
of generating steam from salt water, to be afterwards condensed by any of
the ordinary steam cooling or condensing apparatus. By interposing a vessel
containing tubes between the hot plate, or cover of a cooking stove of the
ordinary construction and the pipe or chimney I am enabled to place the
ordinary fresh water heater or boiler behind it, so as to form a flue and hot
chamber by which the flame and products of combustion are further detained
and caused to remain in contact with the metallic heat-abstracting surfaces, so as
impart as much of the remaining heat thereto as may be available or useful;
for this purpose I split or divide the flue into suitable parts or passages, so as
to prolong the circulation of the heated products of combustion.
In ships' cooking apparatus, wherein the construction thereof permits of
their being introduced, I place beneath the hot plate or stove top (and where
convenient around the sides of the stove or galley) a series of pipes or tubes
connected together, or connected with the tubes in the tubular water box or
the vertical tubulous smoke flue; these horizontal tubes under the "hot plate"
are acted upon directly by the fire, and materially increase the heat-abstracting
and steam-generating surface of the apparatus. For the purpose of more
perfectly governing or regulating the action of the heat upon the tubular or
tubulous vessel placed above or behind the cooking stove or galley, as described,
I so place dampers or draught valves above and below that the heat may be
made to act directly and solely upon or partially or not at all upon the salt water
distilling apparatus.
In adapting heating stoves or stoves for warming I interpose between

page_text: the top thereof and the flue or chimney pipe a tubular or tubulous.box, as
before described, and in constructing heating stoves for sea-going ships
I prefer to construct them with a double casing and tubes, so that the salt
water being contained therein and surrounding the grate or combustion
chamber, the steam generating or salt water vaporizing is effected, and the
burning of the air to be rarified and afterwards breathed or inhaled is more
effectually prevented.
I propose to construct in a like manner high-pressure steam generating
apparatus in connection with a cooking stove or galley, or a stove or heating
apparatus for heating the interior of ships or other vessels, so that when steam
power is required to work a donkey engine for driving ventilating apparatus
or pumps, cargo hoisting crabs, winches or cranes, or other steam power
apparatus required for occasional use on board ships, the steam instead of being
conducted into the condensing apparatus is directed into the donkey engine, or
steam winch or crane, or such like apparatus, and it may if desired be conducted
from thence into a condenser.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings I have shewn several views of
apparatus constructed in accordance with my Invention.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the clevation, sectional elevation, plan, and
-sectional plan respectively of apparatus constructed according to my Invention
adapted for and as applied to a ship's cooking stove of the ordinary description
used or employed on board of sea-going ships of small tonnage.
A is a vessel, which may be of any convenient shape, and which is intended
to be partially filled with salt water, which is replaced from time to time as
the water is evaporated; this vessel is placed upon the ship's stove in such
a manner that the flame and heated products of combustion produced by the
burning of the fuel within the stove are caused to heat the salt water contained
within the vessel A, and the waste heat and smoke are caused to pass upward
through the chimney pipe or funnel in the usual way; B, the ship's stove, upon
which the vessel A is placed; C, C, are vertical tubes through which the
heat passes from the stove to the chimney; around these tubes the salt water
is caused to circulate and abstract the heat, so that the steam being generated
it is permitted to escape from the vessel A as herein-after described; D, D,
etc. are horizontal compound circulating tubes, consisting of two tubes as
shewn in Figure 4, the one tube enclosing another with sufficient space
to permit of the water circulating freely between the external surface of the.
smaller tube and the internal surface of the larger tube; these compound
tubes may either be applied vertically or horizontally, and in the Figures in
the accompanying Drawing where such tubes are applied horizontally they

page_text: are placed over the fire and beneath the cover plate (or hot plate) of the
stove, the one end of each compound tube projecting from the face of the stove
front, whilst the other end of each tube may as shewn in the Drawing be
screwed into or otherwise secured in the bottom or side of the vessel A. The
smaller tube F has openings therein, as shewn in Figure 4, near the extremity,
so that the water may pass from the inside to the outside of the tube. The
two tubes forming the compound tube are open at one end to the water in the
heater, and are firmly closed and fixed together at the other end by means of
the clamp H or other suitable means; thus when heat is applied to the outside
of this circulating tube the water in the outer tube becoming heated
flows in the vessel A and ascends to the top, while its place is
constantly supplied by the flow of comparatively cold water which flows through
the smaller tube F, and into the larger tube E. through the apertures at G, thus
keeping up a continuous circulation.
When the steam generated by the aforesaid method has a sufficient pressure
it passes through the weighted valve J, Figure 1 (a section of which is shewn
on a larger scale in Figure 7), to the condenser, which is constructed in the
usual manner; or the steam may be used for heating baths, hot closets,
and for culinary or any other purposes that may be required, as herein-before
mentioned, by attaching a pipe or flexible tube to the cock K; guage cocks i
and a glass water guage are provided for shewing the level of the water in
the vessel A, and there is also provided a steam whistle M, Figure 1 '(a
section of which on a larger scale is shewn at Figure 8) having a weighted or
spring valve I set at any required pressure for the purpose of calling attention
should the pressure in the apparatus rise above that to which the valve N is
weighted.
A cock is shewn at 6, Figure 1, with a pipe attached, through which the
apparatus can be supplied with salt water by means of a pump or other
suitable means, and at P another cock is placed by which the water may be
drawn off when required. There is also provided a mud hole O for cleaning
out the apparatus when necessary.
In Figures 5 and 6 are shewn a sectional elevation and plan respectively
of another modification of salt water heating apparatus according to my
Invention fitted to a similar stove as before described; this apparatus is
without the compound circulating tubes, and is meant to be applied where
but a small quantity of distilled water is required, or where it is not con-
venient to make any alteration in the stove. A flue is shewn with a damper
or throttle valve T in it, by which means when the apparatus is not required
to be used the products of combustion may be led into the chimney without

page_text: passing through the tubes C. When desired a knapsack or water heater as com-
monly used in connection wih ships' stoves may be attached to the back of the
aforesaid flue.
In Figures 9 and 10 are shewn a sectional elevation and plan respectively
of the method of heating a ship's cabin, etc., instead of the usual cabin stove,.
by, which means the air is kept pure and at the same time the salt water thus
heated may be distilled or used for heating baths, hot closets, &c., as herein-
before described. A damper U is provided in the chimney V by which means
the fire may be regulated to any desired extent.
For the purpose of combining a cabin stove and steam generating appa-
ratus according to my Invention I prefer in some cases to surround the
ordinary circular or other form of stove with a tubulous or tubular casing, and
instead of permitting the heat to pass direct from the stove into the chimney or
smoke pipe I place a bonnet over the ordinary opening in the stove top and
divert the heat, causing it to descend through the tubes or flues contained within
the water casing surrounding the stove.
The advantage which I secure by the use or employment of a weighted or
spring escape valve in salt water boilers employed for producing fresh water
by distillation is that no brine or salt deposit is carried over with the steam
as would be the case whenever a sudden increase of steam pressure occurs, or
where the salt water is liable to be "flashed over," in such latter case the
valve self-actingly closes the escape pipe, and allows of the salt water flowing
back.
I prefer to employ for the purpose of making a secure joint between the
ends of the inner and outer tubes, as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, a vulcanized
india-rubber washer, and to screw them together by means of a clamp, as therein
shewn.
Having now described my Invention of "Improvements in the Methods of
Applying and Arranging Apparatus for Distilling Sea Water, and also in the
Mode or Method of Combining and Using such Apparatus for that and other
Purposes," I wish it to be understood that what I claim is,-
First, the apparatus as herein described.
Second, the mode or method herein described of constructing salt water boilers
for the purpose herein set forth.
Third, the mode or method herein described of combining salt water boiling
apparatus with various kinds of ships' stoves, for the purposes set forth.
Fourth, combining together a ship's stove or hearth with a salt water boiler
and steam generating apparatus in the manner and for the purpose herein
described.

page_text: Fifth, the use or employment of two tubes combined together in the
manner herein described, and as shewn in the accompanying Drawing for
the purpose of increasing the heat-abstracting and steam-generating power of
salt water boilers and steam generators (of the kind or description herein
.described) applied to ships' hearths and stoves, for the purposes herein set
*forth.
Sixth, the use or employment of a weighted or pressed escape valve, as herein
described in salt water boilers applied to ships' hearths and stoves, for the pur-
poses set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel John Browning, have 'hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
W. FREDERIC 'ROGERS,
19, Salisbury Street,
Strand.
SAMUEL JOHN BROWNING. (L.S.)