IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN AND COOKING RANGES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, JOHN ETRE RUSSELL of Spondon Ironfounder Derby of the Firm of Robert
Russell & Sons Ironfounders, Derby in the County of Derbyshire do hereby declaro
the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN AND COOKING RANGES
to be as follows:-
My improvements in close fire or open fire Cooking ranges consist in a very
simple arrangement, whereby the ordinary Leamington or close fire range can bo
immediately converted into an openfire Cooking range, or vice-versa an openfire
range can be made at once into a closefire range.
My invention is as follows. I prepare a strong cast iron or wrought iron check
or side plate with several openings or apertures in it this cheek is fitted or placed
next to the oven or Boiler nearest the fire, its upper portion has a valve or door A
see elevation Fig 1 on drawing herewith accompanying this specification, and about
the middle of check is an oblong opening B about 6 inches by 2 inches, while at
the bottom of cheek are three or more openings C.
Now when an ordinary close firo rango has this cheek attached the action is as
follows When the valve door A see section Fig 2 is open or thrown back the
flame and heat from fire passes along the space between the Hot plate D and top of
oven E, the heat is then conveyed down the side of oven and underneath—and
thence up the back flue into the chimney-When the door A is thrown Back
against the oven it closes the action of the middle opening B, and prevents any
draught passing that way, but the openings at the bottom of the cheek C C C are
always in action heating the bottom of the oven or Boiler.
Now when a close firo range is required to be used as an open fire the usual hot
plates or coverings over the fire are taken off and the door A is closed seo section
Fig 3, the heat from the fire passes through the middle opening B along the top
of oven down the side and under the bottom uniting with the heat from the
openings CCC.
Thus by this simple arrangement a Cooking range can be converted into a close
or open fire at pleasure.
DAL
ALL 1001

page_text: I JOHN EYRE RUSSELL of Spondon in the county of Derby Ironfounder of the
firm of Robert Russell and Sons Stove grate and Kitchen range manufacturers of
Derby in the county of Derby do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN KITCHEN AND COOKING RANGES," and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
51
My improvement in close fire or open fire cooking ranges consists in a very
simple arrangement whereby the ordinary Leamington or close fire range can be
immediately converted into an open fire cooking range or an open fire range can
be made at once into a close fire range.
In carrying out my invention I proceed as follows.
I provide a strong cast iron or wrought iron or partly iron and partly fire brick
check or side plate with several openings or apertures in it. This cheek is fitted or
placed next to the oven or boiler nearest the fire.
Its upper portion has a valve or door and about the middle of the cheek is an 1
oblong opening about 7 inches by 2 inches, or other dimensions can be used, while
at the bottom of the cheek are one or more openings.
Now when an ordinary close fire range has this check attached the action is as
follows
When the valve door is open or thrown back the flame and heat from the fire 2
passes along the space between the hot plate and the top of the oven. The heat is
then conveyed down the side of the oven and underneath and thence up the back
flue into the chimney.
When the door is thrown against the oven it closes the action of the middle
opening and prevents any draught passing that way but the openings at the 2
bottom of the cheek are always in action heating the bottom of the oven or boiler.
Now when a close fire range is required to be used as an open fire the usual hot
plates or coverings over the fire are taken off and the door is closed.
The heat from the fire now passes through the middle opening along the top of
the oven, down the side and under the bottom, uniting with the heat from the 3
openings in the lower part of the cheek.
Thus, by this simple arrangement a cooking range can be converted into a close
or open fire at pleasure.
And in order that my said invention may be understood and carried into
practical effect I have caused to be annexed to this specification the accompanying 3
sheet of drawings and now refer to the figures and letters of reference marked
thereon.
Fig 1 shews a section of a range fitted with my invention and used as a "close"
rango, and
Fig 2 shows the same used as an "open" range.
Fig 3 shews a sectional plan of an ordinary range below the oven, merely
illustrating the direction of the flame as a means of further explaining my said
invention.
Figs 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are respectively a front elevation, a side elevation, a
sectional elevation, a plan, and an enlarged perspective view of the "cheek."
A is a wrought or cast iron cheek or side plate but which may also be made of
thinner iron lined with firebrick or partly of each substance such as the upper part
of iron and the lower of firebrick.

page_text: B is an opening or slot in the same Cisa rib in the cheek supporting the bearing
of the door or valve D having at its extremity a handle E projecting outside the
range front. F is a diaphragm or rib to abut on the oven or boiler and serving to
divide the opening G from the lower openings H H H, made in the cheek A below
the rib or diaphragm F, which said openings may be oblong or any other shape.
Referring now to Figs 1 and 2 which shew a range fitted with a boiler I and
oven J (though a range may contain two ovens or two boilers) the cheek A is
shewn in position.
The oven J rests on baffic-plates K K to direct the flame or heated gases as
shewn in these figures and more plainly in Fig 3.
In Fig 1 (the close range) the door or valve D is shown resting on the oven and
hence a portion of the flame and hot gases must pass through the opening B over
the top of the oven round the same and round baffle plate K¹ under the oven and
out at the flue L³, the remainder passing through the openings H H H round the
other side of the oven and round the baffle plate K under the oven to flue L'.
Thus the ascending and descending heat currents are mingled below the oven
and directed to the fluc, and the door or valve D being open the opening G is closed
and so avoids the cutting draught which would result if both apertures were open
at the same time.
In Fig 2 the usual hot plates over the fire are removed to form an open range or
fire. The door or valve D is shut so as to close the opening B in the cheek A
The ascending portion of the flame and hot gases now passes through the
opening G over and under the oven as before while the descending portion of the
flame and gases passes as before.
Another portion of the flame and hot gases circulates over and under the boiler I
and up the flue L.
purposes.
Thus my invention enables me to use the same range for open or close
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and the manner of performing the same I would have it understood
that I claim as my invention of improvements in kitchen and cooking ranges.
Firstly. Constructing a cheek or division plate between the oven or boiler and
the fire grate with a door or valve arranged to close either an upper or lower
aperture or opening in the check or plate for directing the heated air or gases over
the oven as the range is used in the close or open way as described.
Secondly. The improved cheek or division plate constructed with openings B G
in the upper part, cach capable of being shut off by the door or valve fitted thereto,
in combination with the lower aperture or apertures H substantially as and for the
purposes described.
Dated this 21st do than 1004