IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COFFEE AND TEA POTS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING, AND IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING AND GRINDING COFFEE
Year: 1849

page_text: PIERRE PRETERRE, of Havre, in France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Thirteenth day of Sep-
tember, One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the thirteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant.unto me, the said
Apoleoni Pierre Preterre, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her. especial
license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Apoleoni. Pierre
Preterre, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Apoleoni
Pierre Preterre, my exors, admňors, or assigns, should at any time agree.with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed; my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COFFEE AND TEA POTS, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR COOKING, AND IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING AND GRINDING COFFEE,"
communicated to me; in which said' Letters Patent is contained a. proviso,
that I, the said Apoleoni Pierre Preterre, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner: the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled
in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months

page_text: next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Apoleoni Pierre Preterre, do hereby declare that the nature of the said 5
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE AND TEA.
Figure 1 is a plan of the apparatus.
Figure 2, an elevation of Figure 1.
Figure 3 a section of parts of Figure 2, through the line A, B.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of Figure 2, through the line C, D.
Figures 5 and 5 are two descriptions of uprights, working by means of
springs in place of weights, which may be used in place of those shown at
Figure 2.
Figure 6 is the boiler, which may be adapted to Figure 2, in place of the
one shewn, or other shapes of boilers may be resorted to.
Figure 7 is a plan of another arrangement of apparatus for making coffee s
or tea, an elevation of which is shewn at Figure 8; and Figure 9 shews a
section of the same apparatus, taken through the lines F, F, in Figure 8;
and Figure 10 a section of Figure 8, taken through G, H.
I would remark, that in all these Figures the same letters are used to
indicate the same parts in the different Figures.
a, a, is the receiver, into which the tea or coffee is placed. b, b, are the
boilers. c, c, the lamp under the boiler. d, d, are syphon tubes.
cock. ff, is a lever, acting by means of a weight f¹.
e, the
Figure 5 is a lever which works by means of a spring, and may be
employed in place of the lever f and f².
Figure 5¹ is another arrangement, working by means of a spiral opening; and
fu, Figures 8 and 9, is another plan. 9, 9, are the covers of the lamps, which
are closed by means of the weight in Figures 1 and 2. g³, g¹, are covers,
which are closed by means of a spiral spring. h, h, are the wick holders.
k, k, the stoppers of vulcanized india rubber, or india rubber which has been so
treated as to retain its properties at comparatively high degrees of heat.
I will now describe the working of the apparatus.. Into the receiver a is
to be placed the coffee or tea (as the case may be). The boiler is to be filled

page_text: with water, and closed securely by means of the stopper k. The cover of the
lamp is to be removed; and so placed that the bottom of the boiler will rest
upon it, and prevent its falling down upon the lamp c. The lamp being
lighted, the steam will be generated, and after some little time it will act
upon the water, and force it from the vessel or boiler b into the vessel a,
through the tube d, which, by means of a vulcanized stopper k, enters the
vessel b, steam and water-tight, when the infusion will take place. After the
water has passed from the vessel b into the vessel a, the vessel 6 becoming
lighter will be raised by the lever acted on by a weight or spring, and thus
allow the cover of the lamp to fall down and extinguish the light, when
the steam condensing in the vessel b, a partial vacuum will result, and the
liquid in the vessel a being open to, will be acted upon by, the atmosphere,
and be forced back thereby through the syphon pipe d into the vessel 6 in a
clear and filtered state, the end of the pipe having a filter formed therein..
I will now describe a self-regulating furnace for cooking, which is shewn
at Figures 15 and 16.
Figure 15 is an elevation of a fireplace having the cooking apparatus
applied thereto; and Figure 16 shows a section of Figure 15. s, s, is a
vessel. t, t, the fireplace with a ventilator. u, u, is a roasting and baking
oven. is a copper. w,.w, is a sauce pan. x, a, is the tube which conveys
the steam to the different vessels. y is a supply pipe and guage to indicate
the quantity of water. z, the cock. The mode of working this cooking appa-
ratus is as follows:-The vessel s is to be supplied with water; the fire of
charcoal is then to be lighted; the water will soon become hot, and the steam
arising therefrom will cook whatever may be placed in the vessel w, and the
fire will act direct upon the vessel u, and cook the matters contained therein.:
I will now describe an apparatus for roasting coffee.
Figures 11 and 12 shew an elevation and section of the apparatus. I, I, is
a cylinder. m, m, is the fireplace, with the bars. n, n, is a weighted lever
by which is indicated the amount of roasting that the coffee has undergone.
The manner of working the apparatus is as follows:-The cylinder and the
quantity of coffee contained therein is first to be weighed, and lever m
released, the roasting will then be allowed to take place by turning the
cylinder round, subjecting it to the action of the fire in the ordinary manner.
When it is desired to ascertain whether the coffee is sufficiently roasted, place
the weight on the scale at the point it was before the roasting commenced,
and the hand on the dial will mark the loss of weight produced by the opera-
tion of roasting. I would remark, that the novelty in this apparatus consists
in mounting the roasting cylinder or apparatus on an apparatus suitable of

page_text: ascertaining the weight from time to time, and thus will a person be at all
times able to obtain repeated products of roasted coffee with exactly the same
degree of roasting. And I would state that, although I believe the apparatus
shewn to be the best, I do not confine myself thereto, as variations may be
made therein, so long as the roasting apparatus is combined with weighing
apparatus.
I will now describe the improvements in mills for grinding coffee.
Figure 13 is a front view of a coffee mill having my Invention applied
thereto, and Figure 14 is an elevation of Figure 13. 0, 0, is the upper part
or hopper. p is the shaft or axis of the mill or runner. q is the drawer into
which the coffee falls when ground. r, r, is a screw collar or nut, for
regulating the mill; and by means of this collar the mill is closed or opened
according as it is required to grind the coffee fine or coarse; and there is a
screw formed on the axis p, to receive the screw collar or nut, and there is. a.
washer between the collar or nut and the bridge or bearing across the copper.
And in order to retain the collar or nut in position, a thumb or set screw.
may be passed through it. The axis p turns in a bearing in the bridge,
across the hopper, and also are across the lower part of the mill, which:
however is not shewn.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I make
no claim to the separate mechanical parts herein described; nor do I confine
myself to the details as herein given, so long as the peculiar character of any.
part of the Invention be retained. But what I claim is,-
First, the arranging apparatus as herein described to act by weight or
springs. I also claim the combining with apparatus such as herein described
the use of vulcanized india rubber (or india rubber suitably prepared to allow
of its being subjected to a considerable temperature) stoppers k.
Secondly, I claim the mode of combining apparatus into a machine for
cooking.
Thirdly, I claim the combining apparatus for roasting coffee, as herein
explained. And,
Fourthly, I claim the employment of a screw collar or nut on the upper
part of the axis of a coffee mill, to regulate the same, as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Apoleoni Pierre Preterre, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.
A. PRETERRE. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1850, the aforesaid Apoleoni Pierre Preterre came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in forni
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.