IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND PLUGS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Youtman, of Southampton, in, the Town and
County of Southampton, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN VALVES AND PLUGS."
Sealed the 26th September 1856, and dated the 8th July 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Youtman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th July 1856.
I, WILLIAM YOUTMAN, of Southampton, in the Town and County of
Southampton, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND PLUGS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the adaptation and application of a shield or
guard, composed of wood or metal, with a tongue or valve of vulcanised
india-rubber or other suitable material, to pipes, closet holes, and other outlets
for the passage of liquids and excrements; also in the adaptation and applica-
tion of the same as plugs for boats.
The shield or guard consists of a kind of flange or cap, covering the mouth
of the pipe or other orifice, such flange or cap having an opening or passage.
way larger than the mouth of the pipe or other orifice, so as to form a seat for
the tongue or valve, of vulcanised india-rubber or other suitable material,

page_text: against the end of the pipe, and the tongue or valve being secured to the
flange or cap in such a manner as to admit of the passage of liquids and
excrements outwards, but to prevent the admission of water or currents of air
inwards.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Youtman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
YOUTMAN, of Southampton, in the Town and County of Southampton, Gentle-
man, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Youtman, Her special license that I, the said William Youtman, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Youtman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLUGS AND VALVES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Youtman, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Youtman, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and. by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in Plugs and Valves" consists in the
adaptation and application of a shield or guard, composed of wood or metal,
with a tongue or valve of vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable material,
to pipes, closet holes, and other outlets for the passage of liquids and excre-

page_text: ments; also in the adaptation and application of the same as plugs for boats:
The shield or guard consists of a kind of flange or cap, covering the mouth
of the pipe or other orifice, such flange or cap having an opening or passage
way larger than the mouth of the pipe or other orifice, so as to form a seat for
-the tongue or valve, of vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable material,
against the end of the pipe, and the tongue or valve being secured to the
flange or cap in such a manner as to admit of the passage of liquids and
excrements outwards, but to prevent the admission of water or currents of air.
inwards.
In order, however, that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe it more particularly by the aid of
the accompanying Drawing, in which Fig. I is a section, shewing the shield
or guard covering the end of a pipe, with the tongue or valve of elastic material
open; and Fig. 2 is an end view of the same. In these Figures the same
letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
a is the end of the pipe, secured or fixed-in any situation required, as at b.
Over the mouth or orifice of this pipe is fixed the shield or guard c, within
which is inserted the tongue or valve d. This tongue or valve is inserted in
the shield or guard c in such a manner as to be capable of yielding to the
pressure of liquids or other substances passing through the pipe in an outward
direction, as shewn in Fig. 1, but to rest against the end of the pipe a and
prevent the passage of fluids into the pipe, the elasticity of the material of
which the said tongue or valve is composed being sufficient to close it against
the end of the pipe as soon as the liquids or other substances have passed out
therefrom.
In some cases, however, it may be advisable to insert a small rod or bar
across the end of the pipe or other hole intended to be covered by the shield
or guard c, as represented at e in Figs. 3 and 4, against which the tongue or
valve d may have a bearing in order to increase its power of resistance to
external pressure. If thought desirable, the shield c may be cast on to the
end of the pipe, a portion c being made removeable for the purpose of
inserting and removing the elastic tongue or valve. The shield or guard c,
with its tongue or valve d, may be inserted in or applied to a suitable opening
in the side or bottom of a boat, so as to answer the ordinary purpose of a plug
for the same.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I would remark that I do not confine myself to any.
particular application or use of the above-described shield or guard, so long as
it is used as a cover for pipes or orifices requiring the same; but I claim as of

page_text: my Invention, the adaptation and application of the shield or guard, with its
elastic tongue or valves, to pipes or orifices, for the purpose or purposes
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Youtman, have hereunto. set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
WILLIAM' YOUTMAN. (L.S.)
Witness,
W. R. RAVENSCROFT, Southampton,
Shipping & Commission Agent.