IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN JARDINE of Raleigh Street in the town and county of the town of
Nottingham, Lace Machine Builder do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE MACHINES to be as follows:-
The invention has for its object the application to " go through" lace machines
of a certain well known device which gives more time at the two extremities of a
reciprocating motion produced by the revolution of a crank and connecting link.
This well known device is that of elliptic gearing which is so arranged that the
slowest parts of a motion produced by a pair of such wheels coincide with the two
dead points of the crank employed to produce such motion.
Thus the rest at each end of the motion is increased or diminished in proportion
as the major and minor axes of the wheels are varied and combined with the
motion of the crank.
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A go through "lace machine is one which carries the bobbin threads twice
through the warp threads at one revolution of the crank and works without
"landing bars."
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The application of the device above nained to a go through" lace machine
produces a new result which has been much desired and sought after and it removes
a very serious drawback to the use of these speedy machines, namely that there
is no time in these machines at each extremity of the motion of the carriages
beyond that given by drawing the carriages partly across (generally half way)
the comb bar, which is not sufficient to enable the jacquard to actuate safely and
without shock the bars carrying the pattern threads.
According to my Invention I so arrange this gearing that I am enabled to place
the connecting rod between the crank and the disc in a better position mechanically
and thus give a more equal motion to the catch bars than is produced by the
arrangement of apparatus heretofore in use whilst any desired rest can be obtained
without displacing or altering any part of the machine except changing the elliptic
wheels as required, their centres remaining always fixed, the diameter of their
major and minor axes only being varied to effect the desired difference.
pair of these elliptic wheels will be arranged near each end of the machine,
two of such wheels being fixed on the cam shaft which receives a regular rotary
motion in the manner well understood,

page_text: The other two of such wheels are each fixed upon a stud or axle carried on
each of the end frames and a line drawn through the axles of each pair of such
elliptic wheels is not vertical but is at a suitable angle to enable me to place the
connecting rods between the cranks and the discs in the before mentioned favorable
position.
The above arrangement is equally advantageous in its application to the "go
through" machines usually employed in making curtains, but sometimes used for
making fancy laces when, in the latter case, a Jacquard has to be attached to the
end of the machine, to give motion to the bars carrying the pattern threads, and
⚫unless a sufficient rest can be obtained at each extremity of the motion of the
carriages, the machine must in that case be driven more slowly and its production
consequently lessened.
This arrangement will not only enable the speed of the machine to be increased
safely but will also give it much greater scope in making more elaborate patterns
requiring many bars carrying thick or pattern threads actuated by a Jacquard
giving them longitudinal movement during the time the carriages are at the
extremity of their motion when the bars owing to the rest obtained can be moved
by the Jacquard smoothly and without the jerky action necessitated by insufficient
time.

page_text: I JOHN JARDINE of Raleigh Street in the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, Lace Machine Builder do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
The invention relates Firstly to a novel arrangement of parts of "go through'
lace machines whereby whilst retaining the cam shaft in the centre of the machine
I am enabled to place the cranks and the connecting rods between the cranks and
the discs in a better position mechanically and thus give a more equal motion to
the catch bars than is produced by the arrangement of apparatus heretofore in use
with the cam shaft in the centre of the machine.
For this purpose I mount the rotating cranks which give an oscillating motion
to the discs, on separate studs or axles and I give motion to each of such rotating
cranks by a pair of toothed wheels one of which is fixed on the cam shaft whilst
the other carries the crank stud.
By these means whatever throw may be required to be given to the crank in
consequence of larger or smaller carriages being used this method of communicating
motion from the cam shaft to the cranks by gearing enables me to fix the axles of
the wheels on which the crank studs are fixed in precisely the right place to secure
equal motion in equal time of the carriages to and fro, that is to say, from the
centre of the machine to each extremity of their motion thereby producing what
has always been considered perfection in this movement, namely, an action similar
to that of a pendulum, whereby the carriages are caused to travel at their greatest
speed as they pass the vertical line and to have a short dwell or rest at the
extremities of their motion.
The invention relates Secondly to the application to the arrangement of parts
above described of a certain well known device so arranged as to give more time
at the two extremities of the above mentioned reciprocating motion.
This well known device is that of elliptic gearing which is so arranged that the
slowest parts of a motion produced by a pair of such wheels coincide with the two
dead points of the cranks employed to produce the reciprocating motion of the
carriages.
Thus the rest at each end of the motion is increased or diminished in propor-
tion as the major and minor axes of the wheels are varied and combined with the
motion of the crank.
A "go through" lace machine is one which carries the bobbin threads twice
through the warp threads at one revolution of the crank and works without
"landing bars."
.
The application of the device above named to a "go through" lace machine
produces a new result which has been much desired and sought after and it
removes a very serious drawback to the use of these speedy machines, namely;
that there is practically no time in these machines at each extremity of the motion
of the carriages beyond that given by drawing the carriages partly across (generally

page_text: half way) the comb bar, which is not sufficient to enable the Jacquard to actuate
safely and without shock, the bars carrying the pattern threads.
The rest which would be produced in slow machines at each end of the motion,
by the dead points of the crank is in this class of speedy machines, almost entirely
lost in consequence of momentum of the parts.
By the adoption of elliptic gearing any desired rest can be obtained without
displacing or altering any part of the machine except changing the elliptic wheels,
as required, their centres remaining always fixed, the diameters of their major
and minor axes only being varied to effect the desired difference.
My Invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing which is a vertical
cross section showing such parts of a lace machine as will enable my Invention to
be readily understood.
In this drawing a represents the cam shaft b one of the discs which communicate
motion to the catch bars c by means of connecting rods d, levers e connecting
rods fcurved arms f¹ and radius arms g;-h are the comb bars and i a bobbin
and carriage. Instead of communicating motion from the cam shaft a to the
discs b by means of cranks on such shafts a I according to the first part of my
Invention employ cranks j mounted upon adjustable carriers fixed to toothed
wheels n which rotate on studs k carried by the end frames of the machine, such
cranks being connected to the dises b by connecting rods as usual and I com-
municate motion to the cranks j by means of toothed wheels m n.
A pair of these toothed wheels m n will be arranged on each end of the machine,
two of such wheels m being fixed on the cam shaft a which receives a regular
rotary motion in the manner well understood.
The other two of such wheels n are each fixed upon a stud or axle / carried on
each of the end frames which arrangement of parts enables me to fix such toothed
wheels n in precisely the right place to secure equal motion in equal time of the
carriages from the centre of the machine to each extremity of their motion.
In the drawings I have represented these toothed wheels m n, in the form of
elliptical wheels which may be employed in carrying both parts of my Invention
into effect, but in cases where the dead points of the cranks j would produce
sufficient rest, the toothed wheels m n may be circular in lieu of elliptical.
The above arrangement is equally advantageous in its application to the "go
through" machines usually employed in making curtains, but sometimes used for
making fancy laces, when in the latter case, .a Jacquard has to be attached to the
end of the machine, to give motion to the bars carrying the pattern threads, and
unless a sufficient rest can be obtained at each extremity of the motion of the
carriages, the machine must in that case be driven more slowly and its production
consequently lessened.
Thus in making Spanish laces long throws have to be given to the steel guide
bars carrying the pattern threads and in order to obtain sufficient time for the
Jacquard to move, such steel guide bars, the speed of the machine as ordinarily
arranged has to be reduced to about 80 revolutions per minute so as to give a
sufficient rest or dwell to the carriages at each extremity of their motion.
Now in a similar machine but with my improvements applied thereto I am
enabled to give a similar rest or dwell to the carriages at each extremity of their
motion when the machine is running at 120 revolutions per minute.
On the other hand if the machine were not required to run at more than
80 revolutions per minute, the long rest at that slow speed obtained by my
arrangement would enable me to so modify the shapes of the cams actuating the
motion of the Jacquard as to soften the motion so much that all or nearly all of
the wear of the "droppers" would be removed by the cessation of the hammering
action upon them produced by the quick motion which it has hitherto been
necessary to give them on account of insufficient time.
The employment of elliptic gearing in the manner described will not only enable
the speed of the machine to be increased safely but will also give it much greater

page_text: scope in making more elaborate patterns requiring many bars carrying thick or
pattern threads actuated by a Jacquard giving them longitudinal movement during
the time the carriages are at the extremity of their motion when the bars, owing
to the rest obtained, can be moved by the Jacquard smoothly and without the
jerky action necessitated by insufficient time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. Mounting the cranks ; which operate the discs b on studs or axles k and
communicating motion from the cam shaft a to such cranks j by means of toothed
gearing all such parts being arranged substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated, and
2. The employment of elliptic gearing to communicate motion from the cam
shaft to the cranks substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.