IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Stephen Fawcett, of Blackburn, in the County
of Lancaster, Cotton Mill Manager's Assistant, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Scaled the 6th July 1875, and dated the 9th January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stephen Fawcett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th January 1875.
I, STEPHEN FAWCETT, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Mill Manager's Assistant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the regulating and controlling the
warp beam so as to "let off" the warp as required, this object being
secured by the use of a spring or springs and apparatus connected there-
with in lieu of the weights and levers usually employed. I employ a
spring similar to a "coach spring" which is secured to a spindle or
shaft, the lower portion of which is chased or screwed. To the back
'

page_text: cross rail of the loom are attached or cast brackets; these carry a shut
cross rail against which the boss of a hand wheel working on the
screwed or chased part of the spindle or shaft bears. To each end of
the spring a rope after being passed round the neck of the beam is
attached. As the hand wheel is caused to bear more or less against the t
cross rail by being "screwed up," so will the beam more or less readily
give off the warp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Stephen Fawcett in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, STEPHEN
FAWCETT, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Mill Manager, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Stephen Fawcett, Her special
licence that I, the said Stephen Fawcett, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Stephen Fawcett, my exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Stephen
Fawcett, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Stephen Fawcett, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the regulating and controlling the
warp beam so as to "let off" the warp as required, this object being
secured by the use of a spring or springs and apparatus connected there-
with in lieu of the weights and levers usually employed. I employ a
spring similar to a coach spring which is secured to a spindle or shaft,
the lower portion of which is chased or screwed. To the back cross rail
of the loom are attached or cast brackets, these carry a short cross rail
against which the boss of a hand wheel working on the screwed or
chased part of the spindle or shaft bears. To each end of the spring a
rope after being passed round the neck of the beam is attached. As the
hand wheel is caused to bear more or less against the cross rail by being
screwed up so will the beam more or less readily give off the warp.
Such being the nature and object of this my Invention, I will now
proceed to describe the same fully, and in order that the description may
be clearly understood I have annexed a Sheet of Drawings, and have
marked the same with figs. and letters of reference, the same letter
foxing to the same nort in the varione views or Figures
Fig. 1 is a back elevation of a loom having my improvements
attached; Fig. 2 is a like view shewing a modification of the same.
A, A, are the ordinary side frames; B, the cross rail; E, E, are
brackets extending therefrom and to which the short cross rail F is
bolted; the spindle G works through the boss H and bears upon the
spring J, to each end of which the ordinary ropes are connected and
passed round the necks K, K, of the beam Las usual. It will be seen
that as the hand wheel M is turned to the right or to the left, pressure
will be put on or removed from the spring and the amount of bite or
friction of the ropes adjusted, whereby the beam is caused to give off the
yarn more or less readily, according to the nature of the yarn used and
fabric to be woven. At Fig. 2 in lieu of the hand wheel and screwed
spindle, the lever Pand link R are employed for regulating the handle 8
of the lever on being depressed, and secured by means of a pin passed
through one of the holes in the perforated bar T; W is the fulcrum of

page_text: the lever P; the fulcrum stud may be moved and set in the slot Z by
means of a bolt at the back, as will be well understood.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my
Invention together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have it understood 5
that I lay no claim to any of the parts referred to when considered
separately, but what I do claim is, the spring and apparatus for
regulating the same when combined, arranged, and applied in the
manner and for the purpose described and as illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen Fawcett, have hereunto 1
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
STEPHEN FAWCETT. (L.s.)