IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING, AND CUTTLING WOOLLEN AND OR FELTED ROLLING, FABRICS" OTHER WOVEN
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Henry Nussey and William Bradshaw
Leachman, both of Leeds, in the County of York, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING,
AND CUTTLING WOOLLEN AND
OR FELTED
ROLLING,
FABRICS"
OTHER WOVEN
Sealed the 16th April 1872, and dated the 29th November 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Henry Nussey
and William Bradshaw Leachman at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th November
1871.
We, GEORGE HENRY NUSSEY and WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN,
both of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR PRESSING, ROLLING, AND CUTTLING WOOLLEN AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has reference to certain improvements in a machine
for which Letters Patent were granted to us the 1st September 1869,

page_text: No. 2585, for "Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Pressing
Woollen and other Woven or Felted Fabrics.
Firstly. These improvements have relation to the arrangement of the
pressing rollers or cylinders and the mode of adjusting them.
Secondly. In combining with this machine a rolling or cuttling
apparatus as hereafter described.
On suitable framework we by preference mount three pairs of rollers
or cylinders parallel with each other, the lower rollers being provided
with adjustable bearings, and of a similar construction to those described
in the Specification of our aforesaid Patent. One or more of the pairs
of rollers may be heated by steam or other suitable means as may be
required according to the nature of the material to be operated upon,
and also one or more of the pairs of rollers may be cold for the purpose
of setting the nap. For this purpose cold water or other chemical
preparation is applied in the interior in the manner described in the
Specification of our Patent aforesaid. The lower rollers of each pair
are adjusted by a self-acting motion. Under the bottom rollers which
are mounted in bearings adjustable in the direction of the upper rollers
there are levers, which we connect to the adjustable bearings.
The bottom rollers may be lowered to any required distance from the
upper rollers or brought into close contact therewith by means of the
levers in connection with their sliding or adjustable bushes. The
required motion is imparted to the levers by left and right hand screws.
mounted in suitable bearings within the framework. Each screw is
provided with a nut from which the required motion is transmitted by
other levers in connection therewith, and fitted on the same shafts as the
above-described levers. The required rotary motion of the screws is
transmitted to them through gearing, which motion may be reversed
at pleasure by means of a clutch actuated by a hand lever by the
attendant.
A self-acting stop motion is provided to prevent any accident which
might occur through the neglect of the attendant by the rollers being
brought into too close contact or separated too far from each other.
For this purpose we provide a lever or levers mounted on one or more of
the lever shafts, which at the required positions throw out of gear the
clutch by its action on the hand lever. When required the upper
rollers may be made adjustable instead of the bottom rollers. Instead

page_text: of the plain friction or drag roller in front of the machine we employ a
carded roller or rollers. On the end of the carded roller shaft is fitted a
brake pulley provided with a clip or other brake, which we bring into
operation by means of weights, springs, or other known mechanical
means.
For the purpose of giving the required tension to the material operated
upon we make the rollers or cylinders of different diameters, that is to
say, the first pair of rollers or cylinders are made smaller than the
second pair, and the third pair are larger than the second, by this means
the increased length given to the material as it passes from each pair of
rollers is taken up and the required tension given. When necessary an
additional small roller may be used between each pair of rollers mounted
in sliding bearings in the framework, the pressure of which on the
material prevents any doubling up as it passes from one pair of rollers
to the other. In some cases we cover the bottom roller of each pair
with caoutchouc or other pliable or elastic substance to allow for
irregularities in the material operated upon.
Сс
Secondly. Our Invention consists in the employment of a rolling,
cuttling," or folding machine in combination with the herein-before
described machine whereby the material is folded or rolled after passing
from the rollers. For the cuttling operation we provide two arms
similar to those used on machines of ordinary construction, which are
mounted on a shaft in bearings on the framework, and actuated by a
crank motion driven by gearing in connection with the pressing rollers
or cylinders. When required to be rolled the cylinder or drum on
which the material is to be rolled is mounted in adjustable bearings.
Underneath and supporting it is provided another roller which is made
to revolve by gearing. By its motion the drum or cylinder resting on the
top of it is made to revolve. The material having passed between the
hot and cold rollers is conducted on to the drum or cylinder and rolled
on to it thereby. We place in front of the drag or carded roller one or
more revolving brushes for the purpose of laying the nap uniformly
and in one direction previous to passing between the pressing rollers,
motion being given thereto by suitable gearing.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Henry Nussey and William Bradshaw
Leachman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th May 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
HENRY NUSSEY and WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN, both of Leeds,
in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said George Henry Nussey and William
Bradshaw Leachman, Her special licence that we, the said George
Henry Nussey and William Bradshaw Leachman, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George
Henry Nussey and William Bradshaw Leachman, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING, ROLLING, AND 'CUTTLING'
WOOLLEN AND OTHER WOVEN OR FELTED FABRICS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said George Henry Nussey and William
Bradshaw Leachman, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters

page_text: being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention has reference to certain improvements in a machine
for which Letters Patent were granted to us the 1st September 1869,
No. 2585, for "Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Pressing
Woollen and other Woven or Felted Fabrics.
Firstly. These improvements have relation to the arrangement of the
pressing rollers or cylinders, and the mode of adjusting them.
Secondly. In combining with this machine a rolling or "cuttling' "
apparatus as hereafter described.
On suitable framework we mount by preference three pairs of rollers
or cylinders parallel with each other, the lower rollers being provided
with adjustable bearings, and of a similar construction to those described
in the Specification of our aforesaid Patent. One or more of the pairs
of rollers may be heated by steam or other suitable means as may be
required according to the nature of the material to be operated upon,
and also one or more of the pairs of rollers may be cold for the purpose
of setting the nap. For this purpose cold water or other chemical
preparation is applied in the interior in the manner described in the
Specification of our Patent aforesaid. The lower rollers of each pair
are adjusted by a self-acting motion. Under the bottom rollers, which
are mounted in bearings adjustable in the direction of the upper rollers,
there are levers, which we connect to the adjustable bearings.
The bottom rollers may be lowered to any required distance from the
upper rollers or brought into close contact therewith by means of the
levers in connection with their sliding or adjustable bushes. The
required motion is imparted to the levers by left and right hand screws
mounted in suitable bearings within the framework. Each screw is
provided with a nut, from which the required motion is transmitted by
other levers in connection therewith, and fitted on the same shafts as the
above-described levers. The required rotary motion of the screws is
transmitted to them through gearing, which motion may be reversed
at pleasure by means of a clutch actuated by a hand lever by the
attendant.

page_text: hot and cold rollers is conducted on to the drum or cylinder and rolled
on to it thereby. We place in front of the drag or carded roller one or
more revolving brushes for the purpose of laying the nap uniformly
and in one direction previous to passing between the pressing rollers,
motion being given thereto by suitable gearing.
more revolving brushes for the purpose of laying the nap uniformly
and in one direction previous to passing between the pressing rollers,
motion being given thereto by suitable gearing.
In order that this our Invention may be more clearly understood
reference is given to the three accompanying Sheets of Drawings.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a side elevation; Fig. 2 a plan; Fig. 1, Sheet 2, is
an end elevation; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of rolling apparatus, and
Fig. 3, a plan thereof.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 3, shew variations in the arrangements of
rollers and parts connected therewith.
On Sheets 1 and 2, 1 is the framework, on which we mount three pairs
of rollers or cylinders 2, 3, and 4, parallel with each other. One or
more of the pairs of rollers may be heated by steam or other suitable
means and also one or more of the pairs of rollers may be kept cold by
cold water or other chemical preparation applied in the interior of
rollers, all in the manner described in the Specification of our aforesaid
Patent. The bearings 5 of the lower rollers of each pair are adjusted by
a self-acting motion in a similar manner, as described in our former
Specification aforesaid, and the required pressure given thereto by the
levers 6 and weights 7. Below the bottom rollers 2, 3 and 4, which are
mounted in bearings 5 adjustable in the direction of the upper rollers,
are provided levers 8, which we couple to the levers 6 by means of the
links 6', as shewn. The bottom rollers may be lowered to any required
distance from the upper rollers or brought in close contact therewith by
means of the levers 8. The required motion is imparted to the levers 8 by
the left and right hand screws 9 and 10 mounted in bearings 11. Each
screw is provided with a nut 12 and 13, from which the required motion
is transmitted by levers 14 fitted on the same shafts 15 as the above-
described levers 8. The required rotary motion of the screws 9 and 10
is transmitted to them through gearing 16 from the driving pulleys 17
and 18, which motion may be reversed at pleasure by the attendant by
means of a clutch 19 actuated by a hand lever 20 when any crease or
other irregularity takes place with the material operated upon.

page_text: substance and for some purposes, we cover these rollers to a considerable
thickness with paper, as shewn at Fig. 3, Sheet 3. Motion is given to
the rollers 2, 3, and 4 through suitable gearing 41.
When the face of the material requires smoothing we, in some cases,
instead of the bottom rollers use the hollow blocks 42, Fig. 1, Sheet 3,
which by preference we make of cast iron mounted in adjustable bearings
in the framework, which may be moved up or down and the required
pressure given to them in the same manner as herein-before described for
the bottom rollers shewn on Sheets 1 and 2. One or more of these
blocks and rollers may be hot or cold to suit the material operated
upon. We also provide a steaming box 43, in which is fixed a
perforated steam pipe 44 for the purpose of steaming the material as it
passes over it, as shewn. The projecting parts 45 of the steam box are
employed to deflect and spread the steam and to prevent the condensed
steam or water being thrown on to the surface of the material. The
material is traversed along by the rollers 46 and assisted by winding or
drawing roller 47, as described in the second part of our Invention.
Fig. 2, Sheet 3, shews an arrangement of rollers which we employ for
stuffs, such as alpacas and merinos, and in some cases for woollen or
other goods which require longer pressing. The top and bottom rollers-
48 and 49 are provided with sliding bearings; the central roller 50
revolves in fixed bearings. The material is wound on to the top roller and
drawn off the bottom roller 49 at the same time, as shewn by arrows, or
otherwise drawn off the top roller whilst being wound on to the bottom
roller. In this arrangement we by preference make all the rollers hot,
though in some cases not necessarily so.

page_text: Sixthly. The arrangement and application of rolling apparatus in
combination with the pressing machine, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Henry Nussey and William
Bradshaw Leachman, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two.
10 Witness,
GEORGE HENRY NUSSEY.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM BRADSHAW LEACHMAN. (L.S.)
J. W. HARDING,
Office for Patents,
2, East Parade,
Leeds.