IMPROVED INSTRU- MENTS FOR CRUSHING AND MIXING SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Cogan, of Red Lion Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Glass Dealer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED INSTRU-
MENTS FOR CRUSHING AND MIXING SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 26th July 1859, and dated the 11th February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Cogan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
February 1859.
I, ROBERT COGAN, of Red Lion Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Glass Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVED INSTRUMENTS FOR CRUSHING AND MIXING SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:―
My Invention of improved instruments for crushing and mixing solid and
liquid substances relates, firstly, to a novel form of instrument intended to be
employed more particularly for crushing sugar or other solid soluble sub-
stances in any liquid, and, secondly, to a novel form of instrument for mixing
liquid and solid matters when the latter do not require crushing.
The first instrument consists of a stem, at one end of which is a flat,
octagonal, round, or other shaped disc, and the opposite end is spread out
into the form of a bulb, the under part of which is hollowed out for the
purpose of receiving and holding the lump of sugar or other substance while
pressure is being applied to crush it.
The other instrument, which is to be employed for mixing, where crushing
is not required, is pointed at one end, and at the other is a round or oval
bulb, so as to act more effectually on the liquid.
I prefer to make these instruments of glass, especially the latter one, which

page_text: will be found useful for mixing medicines and chemical liquids which might
act upon metal or other substances. For some purposes, however, the instru-
ments may be made of clay or earthenware, and well glazed, in the ordinary
manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Cogan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th August 1859.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
COGAN, of Red Lion Square, in the County of Middlesex, Glass Dealer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her-Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Robert Cogan, Her special license that I, the said Robert Cogan,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert
Cogan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might. make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,.the.
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED INSTRU-
MENTS FOR CRUSHING AND MIXING SOLID AND LIQUID SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Cogan, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly: describe. and ascer
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what .nianner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent.
Office within six calendar months next'and immediately after. the date of the
said Letters Patent.
'
:
..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Cogan, do, hereby declare.
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same. is. to .be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and. by the fol-
lowing statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked- thereon (that is to say) :—
My Invention of Improved Instruments for Crushing and Mixing Solid and:
Liquid Substances," relates, firstly, to a novel form of instrument intended to be.
employed more particularly for crushing sugar or other solid soluble substances

page_text: in any liquid; and, secondly, to a novel form of instrument for mixing liquid
and solid matters where the latter do not require crushing.
These instruments are shewn in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Fig. 1 is a view of the first-mentioned of these instruments, which consists of
a stem a, at one end of which is a flat, octagonal, round, or other shaped
disc b, and the opposite end is spread out into the form of a bulb c, the under
part of which is hollowed out, as shewn at d, for the purpose of receiving and
holding the lump of sugar or other substance while pressure is being applied
to crush it. The concave surface of this hollow may be roughened, scored,
indented, or raised, or it may be a perfectly plain concave surface.
The other instrument is shewn at Fig. 2, and is intended to be employed
for mixing where crushing is not required. The instrument is pointed at one
end e, and at the other end is a round or oval bulb f. so as to act more
effectually on the liquid than a plain cylindrical stem. The end of this bulb
is hollowed out as in the former instance.
I prefer to make these instruments of glass, especially the latter one, which
will be found useful for mixing medicines and chemical liquids which might
act upon metal or other substances. For some purposes, however, the instru-
ments may be made of clay or earthenware, and be well glazed in the ordinary
manner.
Having now described my Invention of improved instruments for
crushing and mixing solid and liquid substances, and having explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention
secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the mode herein shewn and
described of forming instruments for crushing and mixing solid and liquid
substances. I claim particularly hollowing out the end of the instrument, as
shewn at d, Figs. 1 and 2, for the purpose of holding the substance to be
crushed, as above explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Cogan, have hereunto set my
band and seal, the Eleventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
ROBERT COGAN. (L.S.)