AN IMPROVED COMPOUND OR SIZE TO BE USED IN SIZING AND DRESSING COTTON YARNS OR COTTON WARPS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Patrick Moir Crane, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Oil Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED COMPOUND OR SIZE TO BE USED IN SIZING AND DRESSING COTTON
YARNS OR COTTON WARPS."
Sealed the 23rd April 1869, and dated the 26th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Patrick Moir Crane at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th October 1868.
I, PATRICK MOIR CRANE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Oil Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND OR SIZE TO BE USED IN SIZING AND DRESSING COTTON
YARNS OR COTTON WARPS," to be as follows:-
Heretofore it has been customary to use a size composed of flour, china
clay, tallow, and oil with an alkaline substance for the purpose of sizing
and dressing cotton yarns or cotton warps. Now my Invention consists

page_text: in the employment of "parafline" as a constituent in the formation of
sizing and dressing compounds for cotton materials, which substance
(paraffine) may be added to any of the usual sizing compounds with
the most beneficial results. I give the following composition as an
example of a size I have found to answer well-Flour, 280 lbs., or one
sack; tallow, 1lb.; paraffine from per cent. to 2 per cent. of the flour
employed. Sometimes in addition to the above I employ a small
amount of alkali. The materials are intimately mixed with water and
incorporated by heat so as to form the size.
Although I have given the above proportions for the use of paraffine
in compounding a size for dressing cotton and cotton warps, yet. I do not
limit myself to the exact proportions, nor to the precise materials named,
provided paraffine is used in their constitution.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;
filed by the said Patrick Moir Crane in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 26th April 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PATRICK
MOIR CRANE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Oil Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Patrick Moir Crane, Her
special licence that I, the said Patrick Moir Crane, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Patrick Moir
Crane, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the terin therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED COMPOUND OR SIZE TO BE USED IN SIZING AND DRESSING COTTON

page_text: YARNS OR COTTON WARPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Patrick Moir Crane, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was, to be performed, and
cause the same to he filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Patrick Moir Crane, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
Heretofore it has been customary to use a size composed of flour, china
clay, tallow, and oil with an alkaline substance for the purpose of
sizing and dressing cotton yarns or cotton warps. Now my Invention
consists in the employment of " paraffine" as a constituent in the
formation of sizing and dressing compounds for cotton materials, which
substance (para line) may be added to any of the usual sizing compounds
with the most beneficial results. I give the following composition as an
example of a size I have found to answer well:-Flour, 280 lbs., or one
sack; tallow, 1 lb.; paraffine from per cent. to 2 per cent. of the flour
employed.
Another useful combination consists of,-Flour, 280 lbs., or one sack;
paraffine from 5 to 10 per cent. of the flour employed. The paraffine
can be thus made to take the place of the whole or a portion of the
tallow usually employed. Sometimes in addition to the above I employ
a small amount of alkali. These proportions will do for the usual
purposes of sizing, but if it is desired to give the cloth more body or to
make it stiffer a much larger proportion of paraffine may be used.
The materials are intimately mixed with water, and incorporated by heat
so as to form the size.
Although I have given the above proportions for the use of paraffine
in compounding a size for dressing and stiffening cotton yarns, warps,
or cloth, yet I do not limit myself to the exact proportions nor to the
precise materials named, provided paraffine is used in their constitution.

page_text: And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the
employment of paraffine in compounding a size for the purposes
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Patrick Moir Crane, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.