IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN BAGS OR POCKETS
Year: 1885

page_text: We FREDERICK BAYNES Manufacturer and JOSHUA WHALLEY Manager both of
Ciceley Bridge Mill Blackburn in the County of Lancaster do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN
BAGS OR POCKETS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to weave seamless bags in the piece in such a
manner that by one simple cut across the piece a perfect bag is produced requiring
neither seaming nor hemming.
For this purpose we employ an ordinary loom with a suitable number of leaves
or healds and tappets for working the same, and a single or double warp beam.
The warp threads are so drawn in through the healds, and the tappets are so
arranged as to weave a double cloth (that is an upper cloth with one half of the
warp and a lower one with the other half) the two cloths being joined together into
a single selvage at one edge and each having a separate selvage at the other side.
A cloth is thus produced having the appearance of a double width cloth folded
together along the centre, the doubled selvage formning the bottoms of the bags and
the two single selvages at the other side forming the open mouths of the same.
The division between the two bags is formed at intervals across the doubled
piece by weaving the two cloths together into one for a certain breadth (say about
two inches or less) see Fig 1 on the drawings annexed hereto wherein a, a represents
the double portion of the cloth and b, b the transverse divisions or strips of single
cloth. The closed or double selvage forming the bottoms of the bags is shown
at c, c and the two single selvages forming the mouth of the same at d, d. By
simply cutting the cloth across the centre of the transverse divisions b, b at the
lines e, e it is divided into perfect bags as shown at Fig. 2 which require neither
seaming at the sides or bottom nor hemming at the mouth, the length of the bag
being equal to the width of the cloth and the width of the bag being equal to the
space between two of the single divisions or strips b, b.
To make a good seam along each side of the bags it is necessary that the weaving
of the single strip or breadth which forms the division between two bags should be
different to that of the two cloths which form the body of the same; because it has
to interweave the two halves of the warp together into one cloth.

page_text: For example if we wish to weave a double warp plain calico bag we use a loom
with four healds and a dobby with two cylinders and we draw in two ends or warp
threads in each dent of the read and two ends also in each mail of the healds
according to the diagram Fig. 3. the pattern pegs on the dobbie being arranged
according to the diagram Fig. 4. and we weave the double cloth thus for the desired
width of the bag. We then disconnect either the second or third heald or shaft
from its hook which will have the effect of lacing or binding the two cloths into
one, and when we have woven in this way a sufficient distance to form one of the
divisions b, b we hook up the said heald or shaft and proceed with the weaving.
From the above description any competent person will know how to produce the
same fabric by twill or other fancy weaving.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The manufacture of woven bags or pockets, by weaving a double cloth with two
separate selvages at one side, and one double selvage at the other, and with
transverse divisions or strips where the two cloths are both woven together into
one; so that by simply cutting the cloth across through the centre of these divisions
or strips perfect seamless bags are produced which do not require to be hemmed at
the mouth, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawing
annexed.
C
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