Year: 1885

page_text: I, OLIVER IMRAY, of N° 28 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex,
Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a process for bleaching and purifying or refining resins
and similar substances by treating them with benzine or petroleum benzine or
other volitile substances such as bi-sulphide of carbon, sulphuric ether, alcohol and
the like so as to obtain a complete solution of the resin. This solution is then
treated with suitable reagents and then separated therefrom. The volatile sub-
stances employed for dissolving the resins are recovered after having acted so that
they may be used again. The accompanying drawings shew as an example an
arrangement of apparatus by which the process can be conveniently carried on.
The boiler A, Fig. 1, is charged with the resins to be refined and then closed by
a cover such as is shewn in section to an enlarged scale at Fig. 2, the joint being
made sound by an easily fusible alloy, the use of screws for fixing being thus
entirely avoided. By steam admitted by the pipe, the alloy is melted and the
cover can be removed, when desired. The other vessels B C D H and G are closed
in a similar way. When the boiler A is charged the cock 1 is opened and by
means of the air pump L the air is sucked from the boiler A through the pipe VIII
the absorption pipe a and the connecting pipe XXIX and compressed in the
compression tube K, whence it passes to J through the cock 3 and the
pipe XXXVII.
The cock 2 is now opened and the solvent contained in J rises into the boiler A
which is provided with a water gauge. The cocks 2 and 3 are then closed, the
cock 1 remains open and cock 4 is opened, thus circulating air which stirs up the
liquid contained in A without admission of external air.
When the solution is complete an alkali is introduced into the boiler A and the
solution together with the alkali is stirred up and heated by steam admitted to the
boiler. The cocks that were open are now closed, 21, 8 and 6 are opened rarifying
[Price 81
"

page_text: the air in the purifier B which is coated inside with lead and forcing the air
through the pipe VII into the boiler A. The cock 5 being opened, the liquid
flows through pipe XVIII from the boiler A into the purifier B.
The cocks 5 and 6 are closed, the cocks 21 and 8 remain open and the cocks 7
and 37 are opened so that the air sucked from B is reconducted by the pipe XI
into the liquid in the purifier, after the solution has been mixed with water
arriving through pipe X and cock 9 and heated by a steam-pipe. Thus the
solution is violently stirred up together with the water and then it is left to rest.
The lye containing water, which absorbs a portion of the solvents is run off by
opening the cocks 10 and 11 through the glass vessel XV into the receiver M.
By means of the steam-jet introduced into M by the pipe IX, the solvent is
evaporated, then condensed in the serpentine N and collected in the receiver O.
By opening the cock 12 the air is rarefied in M N and O, whereby the separation
of the solvent from the liquid contained in M is accelerated. The solvent collected
in the receiver O passes by the pipe XXXI and cock 13 to the receiver J. The
lye flows through the cock 15 and pipe XXVII into the decomposing vessel P,
where the impure coloured resinous parts dissolved by the lye are separated from
the latter and recovered. When all the cocks are closed, the air contained in the
purifier C is rarefied in order to lead the solution from the first purifier B to the
second purifier C through the cock 3 pipe XII cock 20 and pipe XIII; the said air
is compressed in the purifier B by cock 7, pipe XI and cock 35, the cock 19 is at
the same time opened.
The solution contained now in C is heated and stirred up together with a
suitable decolouring agent by means of compressed air after the cocks 19 and 35
have been closed and the cocks 8, 20 and 7 have been opened and the cock 34
reopened. The solution is then left to rest.
The purifying material is drawn off through the cocks 16, 18 and the glass
vessel XVII, the cock 18 is then closed and the cock 17 opened. The solution
flows from the purifier C into the third purifier D. By the cock 22 and pipe XX
air passes from D to C. The solution is heated in D¹ by a steam-pipe. Through
the cock 24 and the pipe XXVI water is introduced, which is stirred up together
with the solution by the air sucked through the pipe XXXVIII and admitted
again through the pipe XXXIX. After the separation of the water which is let
off through the cock 23, the solution is forced through the pipe XXI and the
cock 27 into the feeding apparatus H by means of compressed air which is sucked
from H and forced into D. In order to clarify the solution it is heated in H from
which the solution flows by regulating the cocks 29 and 30 to the distilling
apparatus E which consists of a number of pipes arranged one over the other and
heated by circulating steam.
The solvent is evaporated on the pipes, condensed in the refrigerating apparatus F
and flows through the cock 32 and the pipe XXXIII to the receiver J. The
refrigerating apparatus F consists of a number of pipes communicating with one
The resin
another and surrounded by larger pipes filled with cooling water.
which is not yet perfectly freed from the solvent, flows continuously through the
cock 31 and the pipe XXXIX into the boiler G. which is heated by fire.
When the boiler G is filled, the cock 37 is opened and the air in the distilling
apparatus is rarefied. The vapour from the boiler G is condensed in the con-
denser R and the liquid is collected in the receiver S whence it flows through the
cock 33 and the pipe XXXV into the receiver J.
The purified resin is then drawn off from G and packed in casks or other vessels.
Dated this 19th day of September 1885.

page_text: Improved Process for Bleaching and Refining Resins and similar
Substances.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to a process for bleaching and purifying or refining resins
and similar substances by treating them with benzene or petroleum benzene or
other volatile substances such as bi-sulphide of carbon, sulphuric ether alcohol
and the like so as to obtain a complete solution of the resin. This solution is
then treated with suitable reagents and then separated therefrom. The volatile
substances employed for dissolving the resins are recovered after having acted, so
that they may be used again. The accompanying drawings shew as an example
an arrangement of apparatus by which the process can be conveniently carried on.
The boiler A, Fig. 1, is charged with the resins to be refined and then closed by
a cover such as is shewn in section to an enlarged scale at Fig. 2, the joint being
made sound by an easily fusible alloy, the use of screws for fixing being thus
entirely avoided. By steam admitted by the pipe the alloy is melted and the
cover can be removed when desired. The other vessels B, C, D, E and G are
closed in a similar way. When the boiler A is charged, the cock 1 is opened and
by means of the air pump L the air is sucked off from the boiler A through the
pipe VIII the absorption-pipe a, and the connecting-pipe XXIX, and compressed
in the compression tube K, whence it passes to J through the cock 3 and the
pipe XXXVII.
The cock 2 is now opened and the solvent contained in J rises into the boiler A
which is provided with a water gauge. The cocks 2 and 3 are then closed, the
cock 1 remains open and cock 4 is opened, thus circulating air which stirs up the
liquid contained in A without admission of external air.
When the solution is complete an alkali is introduced into the boiler A and the
solution together with the alkali is stirred up and heated by steam-admitted to
the boiler. The cocks that were open are now closed, 21, 8 and 6 are opened
rarifying the air in the purifier B which is coated inside with lead and forcing the
air through the pipe VII into the boiler A. The cock 5 being opened, the liquid
flows through pipe XVIII from the boiler A into the purifier B.
The cocks 5 and 6 are closed, the cocks 21 and 8 remain open and the cocks 7
and 37 are opened, so that the air sucked from B is reconducted by the pipe XI
into the liquid in the purifier, after the solution has been mixed with water
arriving through pipe X and cock 9 and heated by a steam pipe. Thus the
solution is violently stirred up together with the water and then it is left to rest.

page_text: The lye containing water, which absorbs a portion of the solvents is run by
opening the cocks 10 and 11 through the glass vessel XV into the reservoir M.
By means of the steam jet introduced into M by the pipe IX, the solvent is
evaporated, then condensed in the serpentine N and collected in the receiver O.
By opening the cock 12 the air is rarefied in M, N and O, whereby the separation
of the solvent from the liquid contained in M is accelerated. The solvent collected
in the receiver O passes by the pipe XXXI and cock 13 to the receiver J. The
lye flows through the cock 15 and pipe XXVII into the decomposing vessel P,
where the impure coloured resinous parts dissolved by the lye are separated from
the latter and recovered. When all the cocks are closed the air contained in the
purifier C is rarefied in order to lead the solution from the first purifier B to the
second purifier C through the cock 3 pipe XII, cock 20 and pipe XIII; the said
air is compressed in the purifier B by cock 7 pipe XI and cock 35; the cock 19 is
at the same time opened.
The solution contained now in C is heated and stirred up together with a
suitable decolouring agent by means of compressed air after the cocks 19 and 35
have been closed and the cocks 8, 20 and 7 have been opened and the cock 34
reopened. The solution is then left to rest.
The purifying material is drawn off through the coks 16, 18 and the glass
vessel XVII, the cock 18 is then closed and the cock 17 opened. The solution
flows from the purifier C into the third purifier D. By the cock 22 and pipe XX
air passes from D to. C. The solution is heated in D by a steam pipe. Through
the cock 24 and the pipe XXVI water is introduced, which is stirred up together
with the solution by the air sucked through the pipe XXXVIII and admitted
again through the pipe XXXIX. After the separation of the water which is let
off through the cock 23, the solution is forced through the pipe XXI and the
cock 27 into the feeding apparatus H by means of compressed air which is sucked
from H and forced into D. In order to clarify the solution it is heated in H from
which the solution flows by regulating the cocks 29 and 30 to the distilling
apparatus E which consists of a number of pipes arranged one over the other and
heated by circulating steam.
The solvent is evaporated on the pipes, condensed in the refrigerating apparatus F
and flows through the cock 32 and the pipe XXXIII to the receiver J.
The refrigerating apparatus F consists of a number of pipes communicating
with one another and surrounded by larger pipes filled with cooling water. The
resin which is not yet perfectly freed from the solvent, flows continuously through
the cock 31 and the pipe XXXIX into the boiler G which is heated by fire.
When the boiler G is filled, the cock 37 is opened and the air in the distilling
apparatus is rarefied. The vapour from the boiler G is condensed in the condenser R
and the liquid is collected in the receiver S whence it flows through the cock 33
and the pipe XXXV into the receiver J. The purified resin is then drawn off
from G and packed in casks or other vessels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The herein described process for bleaching and refining resins and similar
substances, wherein these substances are first dissolved in hydrocarbons, bisulphides
of carbons, sulphuric ether, or wood spirit (methylic alcohol) the resulting solutions
being treated with reagents, after which the resins are separated from the solvents,
and the latter are recovered by volatilisation.
2. The use of apparatus for carrying out the process referred to in the preceding
claim, wherein purifiers such as A B C D and H are closed by a cover imbedded
in an easily fusible alloy contained in a circular trough, substantially as herein
described with reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings.

page_text: 3. In apparatus for carrying out the process referred to in the first claim,
the use of compressed air for stirring up the liquids, such air being taken from
and returned to the body of air enclosed in the apparatus, so that no escape of
air from the apparatus into the atmosphere and consequent loss of solvent can
take place, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.