Apparatus for use in Teaching Arithmetic.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1891-Accepted 12th Sept
4604
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for use in Teaching Arithmetic.
I, GEORGE HUMPHERYES 15 Nutting Grove Farnley Leeds Yorkshire
Schoolmaster do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is an improved apparatus for the purpose of teaching simple & compound
addition and its object is, that by a certain arrangement a sum can be set up & the
teacher can see the answer at a glance without either having to work the sum him-
self, or refer to any book or card.
The invention consists of a ladder, the sides of which are of webbing and the
rounds of wood. Between the rounds, running through the webbing sides, cards
are placed forming the sum.
These cards are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 &c. and the amount on each pair of cards
(1 & 2; 3 & 4 &c.) is made to equal a certain sum, say one hundred thousand
pounds. Thus, card 1 £48628 14 6 plus card (2) £51371 5 5 =£100,000, con-
sequently by arranging these cards in pairs in the ladder the answer will be as
many hundred thousand pounds as there are pairs of cards in the sum.
If the sum consist of eight lines (4 prs.) the answer will be £400000. If an
odd line be added, prefix to the odd line, for the answer, as many hundred thousand
pounds as there are pairs of cards in the sum.
from 1 to 13, arranged in any order, that is of six pairs and one odd card (13)
Thus, if the sum consist of cards
which is £48675 14 84, the teacher would simply place the figure six before that
amount for the answer, making it £648675 14 8. If fifteen cards be taken prefix
the figure seven to the amount on the odd one.
By the use of the above apparatus the teacher can make a fresh sum by changing
one card for another & will always have the answer before him.
The ladder is so constructed that it can be neatly rolled up & placed in a
drawer or cupboard when not being used.
Dated this 10th day of November 1890.
GEORGE HUMPHERYES
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for use in Teaching Arithmetic.
I, GEORGE HUMPHERYES of 15 Nutting Grove, Farnley, Leeds, in the County
of York, Schoolmaster do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :--
It is an improved apparatus for the purpose of teaching simple and compound
addition, and its object is, that by a certain arrangement a sum can be set up, and
the teacher can see the answer at a glance without either having to work the sun
himself or refer to any answer book or card. The invention consists of a ladder
the sides of which are of webbing or of any other suitable material, and the rounds
of wood. The rounds are fastened to the sides by small pins. Between the rounds,
running through the webbing sides, strips of card, wood or other suitable material
with the figures printed thereon, are placed, forming the sum.
These cards are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 &c. and the amount on each pair of cards
(1 & 2, 3 & 4, &c.) is made to equal a certain sum, say, one hundred thousand
pounds for compound addition, and one thousand million for simple addition:
thus:-
:-
1

page_text: arranging these cards in pairs in the ladder, the answer will be as many hundred
thousand pounds as there are pairs of cards in the sum; thus :-If the sum consist
of eight lines (4 prs.) the answer will be £400,000. If an odd line be added,
prefix to the odd line, for the answer as many hundred thousand pounds as there
are pairs of cards in the sum thus if the sum consist of cards from 1 to 13,
arranged in any order, that is, of six pairs & one odd card (13), which is
£48,675 14 8, the teacher would simply place the figure six before that amount
for the answer, making it £648675 14 8.
If fifteen cards be taken, prefix the figure seven to the amount on the odd one.
By the use of the above apparatus the teacher can make a fresh sum simply by
changing one card for another and will always have the answer before him.
In simple addition the answer is arrived at in the same manner.
If the sum is to consist of two columns only, prefix to the unpaired card as many
hundreds as there are pairs of cards in the sum; if of three columns prefix as
many thousands, and so on to thousands of millions.
The ladder may consist of any number of rounds about two inches distant from
each other, although this space may be increased or decreased as found necessary,
the cards or strips being made such a size as to fit between the rounds.
One side of the card is for compound addition and the other for simple, so that
after having been used for the teaching of compound, the ladder has only to be
reversed and there is a sum ready for another class, in simple addition, without
moving a single card. On the bottom of the ladder two pieces of spring steel are
placed for the purpose of holding the cards which are not in use. The sides of the
ladder being made of webbing or other soft material, the whole apparatus can be
neatly rolled up and placed in drawer or cupboard when not being used.
The advantages of this apparatus are, that any number of sums may be formed,
in the least possible time and that the teacher is always in possession of the
answer, without having to refer to any book for it, and consequently able to
devote the whole of his attention to his class.
Having particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1) The manufacture and use of the improved apparatus for teaching arithmetic
as herein described, consisting of a ladder of any number of rounds, capable of
receiving cards as above described the whole being reversible and folding.
(2) The improved apparatus for teaching arithmetic arranged and combined as
above described.
Dated this 20th of T1 1001
GEORGE HUMPHERYES.