Improvements in Tines for Grabs, Diggers, Excavators, Cultivators, and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 19th Sept., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tines for Grabs, Diggers, Excavators, Cultivators,
and the like.
We, GEORGE JAMES HONE of Jesmond, Plashet Grove, East Ham, in the County
of Essex, Mast Maker, and ARNOLD FRANK HILLS, Managing Director of The
Thames Iron Works and Shipbuilding Company Limited of Blackwall in the
County of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Tines for use on grabs, diggers, excavators cultivators and the like as hitherto
made are heavy and costly and offer great resistance to grabbing or entering the
material to be excavated or operated upon and the object of this invention is to
make them lighter and cheaper and better adapted for grabbing or entering the
material to be excavated or operated upon.
According to this invention we forin the tines of steel or other suitable metal
having a hollow, angular or channelled section whereby we are able to produce
them for a given strength of less weight and at less cost and, of greater efficiency
than those of the usual solid construction.
We will describe our invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which :-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a pointed tine made according to this invention.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of a chisel pointed tine made according to this
invention.
Figure 3 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section of the tine
represented in Figure 2, with a portion of grab or other apparatus to which it is
attached.
Figures 4 and 5 are transverse sections taken respectively on the lines 4-1 and
5-5 of Figure 2 and Figures 6 and 7 represent two different sections of metal of
which the tines may be formed.
Like letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the various figures of the
drawings:-
In constructing a tine in the manner shewn in Figure 1 we may proceed as
follows:-
We take a piece of angle metal A of the required length, and shear or otherwise
cut off the sides, or wings, as at a, to give it the required entering point a¹.
The pointed bar thus produced is then laid on a suitably recessed ridge or block
and the external angle of the said blank is struck down or flattened at the parts
marked a² so as to form seatings for the heads or nuts of the bolts B (Figure 3) by
which the tine is affixed to the grab or other apparatus. Holes a³ are then drilled
or punched through the flattened parts a², and the tine, if desired, is curved or
bent according to the shape of the body to which it is to be secured, and if
necessary, it is also suitably tempered, after which it is ready for use.
The tine shewn in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 differs from that represented in Figure 1
only in the shape of the cutting or operating end a', which is of chisel shape, being
cut away at a to a somewhat less angle than is the tine shewn in Figure 1, and
being ground away or otherwise flattened at a to produce the required chisel edge.
In Figure 3 we illustrate one way of securing the tine to a grab or other apparatus
of which a portion is represented at C. The two bolts B have their heads b at the
inside of the grab or other apparatus and the nuts b' at the outside bear on the

page_text: flattened parts a² of the tine, but it will be obvious that this arrangement may be
reversed and more bolts used if required.
The tines may be formed of metal having either a right angled section as shewn
in Figures 4 and 5, or a section larger or smaller than a right angle, or the said
tines may be formed of any desired curved or rectangularly channelled section as
shewn respectively in Figure 5 and Figure 6, for example, or of any other form of
hollow or channelled section.
A tine formed as herein before described hesides being lighter and cheaper to make
and possessing greater rigidity and resistance for equal sectional areas than the tines
hitherto used, possesses the great advantage that the edges a Figures 3 to 7 serve to
cut through the material being dug, excavated, or otherwise operated upon, thus
greatly increasing the efficiency of the apparatus to which the tines are applied.
We do not limit ourselves to the precise method of manufacture hereinbefore
described as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of the
invention, for example, the flattened parts a2 may be cut out though we prefer to
form them in the manner described, as it does not weaken the tine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A tine for grabs, diggers, excavators, cultivators, and the like, the said tine
having a hollow angular or channelled section as hereinbefore explained.
2. A tine for grabs, diggers, excavators, cultivators and the like, the said tine
being formed of metal of a hollow angular or channelled section and with the sides
or wings angled or cut away or removed towards the cutting or operating end, point
or edge, substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 6th day of August 1896.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.