Improvements in Candlesticks and other Candle Holders.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1836.
Complete Left, 26th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Candlesticks and other Candle Holders.
We, JOHN MARSTON, of Paul Street Works, Wolverhampton in the County of
Stafford, japanner and tin-plate worker, and JOHN BOWERS, of Belle Vue Place, Penn
Fields, Wolverhampton, aforesaid, commercial traveller, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to arrange within the socket of a candlestick, or other
candle holder, a suitable spring-clip by which candles of varying diameter may be
firmly held within the socket without the necessity for wrapping paper or rag around
the lower ends of the candles.
According to a simple and convenient application of this invention, a feather spring
is carried within the stem of the candlestick, or other candle holder, with its bowed or
close end, which is downwards, soldered or riveted to one side of the interior of the stem,
and to the upper end of one of the blades of the spring is fixed the lower end of the
shank of a concave clip. The two blades spring outwards from one another, and the
free end of one blade presses continually against the inside of the stem while the other
blade tends to press the clip against the inside of the socket, the concavity of the clip
being towards the side of the socket against which it is pressed by the spring. Â
short stud, terminating outwards in a button, passes through the side of the stem and
is connected with the blade on which the concave clip is carried, or with the shank by
which the clip is connected with the spring, and, by pressing against the button, this
blade of the spring is forced backwards and the clip is forced with its convex side
towards the opposite side of the socket to that towards which it is pressed by the
spring. The clip may thus be held back while the end of a candle is inserted, and
upon pressure being removed from the button the clip springs against the candle and
holds it firmly between itself and the side of the socket. It is preferred, however, to
place a fixed clip inside the socket opposite to the spring-clip, so that the candle end is

page_text: held between the fixed and spring clips, and is thus more nearly in the centre of the
socket than when the fixed clip is dispensed with. A diaphragm may be fixed across
the stem at the bottom of the socket to ensure that the candle will not be pushed down
too far, but such diaphragm must have a slot therethrough for the passage and motion
of the shank connecting the spring-clip with the spring.
The form of spring, and means by which the clip is operated thereby, may of course
be considerably varied without departing from the nature of our invention, but the
method described above clearly indicates the nature of the invention and shows a very
simple form of its application."
Dated this Twenty-eighth day of May 1886.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Candlesticks and other Candle Holders.
WE, JOHN MARSTON, of Paul Street Works, Wolverhampton in the County of
Stafford, japanner and tin-plate worker, and JOHN BOWERS, of Belle Vue Place, Penn
Fields, Wolverhampton, aforesaid, commercial traveller, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to
the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon (that is
to say)
The object of this invention is to arrange within the socket of a candlestick, or other
candle holder, a suitable spring-clip by which candles of varying diameter may be
firmly held within the socket without the necessity for wrapping paper or rag around
the lower ends of the candles.
A simple and convenient application of this invention is illustrated by the drawings
herewith, of which figure 1 is a vertical section through a candlestick with our
invention applied thereto, and figure 2 is a plan of figure 1, but with the base or bowl
omitted for convenience of illustration. Corresponding parts in both views are
similarly lettered. A A' is the socket, and B B the base or bowl. A feather-spring aa¹
is carried within the part A¹ of the socket with its bowed or close end downwards, and
is held in place by soldering or riveting such bowed or close end to the inside of the
socket. The blade a¹ of the spring bears constantly against the opposite side of the
interior of the socket to that against which the bowed end is held. On the upper end
of the blade a of the spring is fixed the shank of a clip c which is formed concave on
plan. A pin or bar d, terminating at its outer extremity in a button d³, passes through
à slot el in the side of the socket, and its inner end is fixed to the blade a of the spring
and forms, also, the means by which the shank band the blade a are themselves fixed
together. This is accomplished by forming a screwed stud e projecting from a collar f
formed on the pin, and passing such stud through the blade and shank, and tightening
them together between the collar and a nut y on the stud. When no candle is within
the socket, the spring is open as shewn and presses the concave face of the clip cagainst
the side of the socket, or, preferably, against the concave face of a clip-piece e fixed
against the inside of the socket; but when it is desired to place a candle within the
socket, the blade a of the spring, and consequently also the clip c, is pressed inwards,
by means of the finger against the button d', so that the clip c is opened back, as
shewn by broken lines figure 1. The candle is then inserted and the clip c allowed
to spring back and securely hold the candle.
The fixed clip-piece c¹ is preferred to be employed, as in such case the candle is held
more nearly in the centre of the socket than when it is held between the clip c and the
side of the socket.
It is preferred, also, to employ a diaphragm h within the socket to ensure that the
candle will not be pushed down too far, and a slot is formed through the diaphragm for the

page_text: passage and movement of the shank of the clip, and for convenience in putting the
spring in place.
The invention has been described specially with reference to a candlestick, but it is
equally applicable, as will be obvious, to other descriptions of candle holders having
suitable sockets for the reception of the spring and clip.
The form of spring, and means by which the clip is operated thereby, may of course
be considerably varied without departing from the nature of our invention, but the
method described above clearly indicates the nature of the invention and shews a very
simple form of its application.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1. The means by which a candle is held within the socket of a candlestick or other
candle holder, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.
2. In a candlestick or other candle holder, a spring clip arranged within the socket,
substantially as described for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination of the spring clip c, feather spring a a¹, and means by which the
clip is pushed open from the exterior of the socket, substantially as described, and
shewn, for the purpose set forth.
4. The means by which a candle is held within the socket of a candlestick (or other
candle holder) substantially as described with reference to the drawings herewith, for
the purpose set forth.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of February 1887.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton and Walsall,
Agent for the Applicants.