An Improved Double Piston Twin Motor.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1900
An Improved Double Piston Twin Motor.
I, WILHELM VON OECHELHAEUSER, of 30, Cavalier Strasse, Dessau, in the Empire
of Germany, General Director, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
In double piston motors having two pistons acting in opposite directions in
the same working chamber, the two pistons act on a trebly bent crankshaft
which cannot have a bearing or support between the cranks or bends unless the
whole apparatus is to have a disproportionate width. Such a threefold bent
crank shaft is difficult and costly to make.
If the manufacture and mounting of the crank shaft in simple motors offers
quite considerable difficulties, these are very considerably increased when it is a
question of the construction of twin motors. In such motors the shaft requires
to be bent 6 times, and as this is practically impossible, the shaft is formed by
coupling two trebly bent shafts. In such an arrangement the working machine
to be driven may be at one end of the shaft and a flywheel at the other end, or the
working machine, for instance a dynamo, may be placed between the two inotors.
It is evident without further explanation that such motors require in addition
to the several cranks an equal number of connecting rods and numerous bearings
which render difficult the manufacture, erection and maintenance (attendance)
of the motor, and also have as a consequence a disproportionate width of the
whole apparatus. Thus in the examples given, 6 cranks, 6 connecting rods
and 2 crossbars are necessary for a twin motor.
In the motor forming the object of the present invention these drawbacks
are avoided by the number of cranks in the shaft, connecting rods, bearings and
eross bars being considerably diminished so that the whole arrangement is more
solid or rigid and takes up less room and is also considerably easier and cheaper
to manufacture.
For this object, according to the present invention, the motor is no longer
provided with two connecting rods for each of the two rear pistons of the two
motors, which rods were connected by a cross bar in pairs and each engaging, a
crank of the main shaft; but the two rear pistons are connected with one another
by a cross bar, and a single connecting rod engages with this cross bar and is
connected with one crank of the crank shaft.
In this arrangement the four connecting rods of the previous arrangement
are combined to form a single one and the four corresponding cranks or bends
of the crank shaft are reduced to one. The number of the bearings or supports
for the shaft is consequently also less than in the previous arrangement, and a
far better mounting of the shaft is obtained by the bearings being placed as
close as possible to the points of attack.
By the present invention a twin motor can also be produced having only two
cranks, as an end crank which is much cheaper and more durable may be
employed. The two motors have in this case only three bearings and the whole
apparatus is of moderate width.

page_text: Instead of connecting the two pistons by means of a cross bar, they may be
connected with a rock shaft by being connected to arms thereon, and the move-
ment may be transmitted to the main shaft by means of a third arm on the
said rock shaft by means of a connecting rod. This arrangement has the practical
advantage of preventing jamming in the mechanism, as in the case of unequal
nction of the pistons a harmless turning of the shaft at the most takes place.
A second advantage of the same consists in that the motor has an extraordinary
capability of being suited to the space at disposal. The air pump serving for
operating the motor, the compressor, or the like, may be operated from the
rock shaft and may be arranged either behind, or at the side of the motor, thus
considerably reducing the total length of the machine.
In order to obtain a better action of the shafts and to diminish the fly wheels
or masses, the following arrangement in which the twin motor works in a one
stroke cycle may be adopted instead of the arrangements previously described,
in which they work in two stroke motion side by side. In this further arrange-
ment the power of the two rear pistons is transmitted by two rock shaft arms
which however in this case, in contrast to the previous arrangement, lie on
different sides of the axis of the rock shaft.
The connecting rods may also be arranged at the sides of the two cylinders
instead of between the same so that a more rigid framework may be obtained.
Dated this 11th day of April 1899.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6. Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Double Piston Twin Motor.
I, WILHELM VON Õechelhaeuser, of 30, Cavalier Strasse. Dessau, in the Empire
of Germany, General Director, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In double piston motors having two pistons acting in opposite directions in
the same working chamber, the two pistons act on a trebly bent crankshaft
which cannot have a bearing or support between the cranks or bends unless the
whole apparatus is to have a disproportionate width. Such a threefold bent
crank shaft is difficult and costly to make.
If the manufacture and mounting of the crank shaft in simple motors offers
quite considerable difficulties, these are very considerably increased when it is a
question of the construction of twin motors. In such motors the shaft requires
to be bent 6 times, and as this is practically impossible, the shaft is formed by
coupling two trebly bent shafts. In such an arrangement which is shown
diagrammatically in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, the working
machine a to be driven may be at one end of the shaft and a fly wheel e the
other end. or the working machine, for instance a dynamo may be placed
between the two motors, as may be seen diagrammatically in Figure 2.
.It is evident without further explanation that such motors require in addition
to the several cranks an equal number of connecting rods and numerous bearings
which render difficult the manufacture, erection and maintenance (attendance)
of the motor, and also have as a consequence a disproportionate width of the
whole apparatus. Thus in the example shown in Figures 1 and 2, 6 cranks,
6 connecting rods and 2 cross bars are necessary for a twin motor.
In the motor forming the object of the present invention these drawbacks

page_text: are avoided by the number of cranks in the shaft, connecting rods, bearings and
cross bars being considerably diminished so that the whole arrangement is more
solid or rigid and takes up less room and is also considerably easier and cheaper
to manufacture.
For this object, according to the present invention, the motor is no longer
provided with two connecting rods f for each of the two rear pistons e of the
two motors, which rods were connected by a cross bar in pairs and each engaging
a crank of the main shaft, as shown in Figures 1 and 2; but the two rear
pistons e are connected with one another by a cross bar g, and a single connecting
rod engages with this cross bar and is connected with one crank of the crank
shaft, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 3, in plan view in Figure 3ª and in
side view in Figure 3.
In this arrangement the four connecting rods of the previous arrangement
are combined to form a single one and the four corresponding cranks or bends
of the crank shaft are reduced to. one. The number of the bearings or supports
for the shaft is consequently also less than in the previous arrangement, and a
far better mounting of the shaft is obtained by the bearings being placed as
close as possible to the points of attack.
By the present invention a twin motor can also be produced having only two
cranks, as an end crank as shown in Figures 3, 3ª, 3b, which is much cheaper
and more durable may be employed. The two motors have in this case only
three bearings y and the whole apparatus is of moderate width.
Instead of connecting the two pistons e by means of a cross bar they may, as
shown diagrammatically in Figures 4 and 4ª and in plan view in 4b and side
view in 4, be connected with a rock shaft by being connected to arms thereon,
and the movement may be transmitted to the main shaft b. by means of a third
arm m on the said rock shaft by means of a connecting rod h. This arrangement
has the practical advantage of preventing jamming in the mechanism, as in
the case of unequal action of the pistons e a harmless turning of the shaft 7 at
the most takes place. A second advantage of the same consists in that the
motor has an extraordinary capability of being suited to the space at disposal.
The air pump serving for operating the motor, the compressor, or the like may
be operated from the rock shaft and may be arranged either behind, or at the
side of the motor, thus considerably reducing the total length of the machine.
In order to obtain a better action of the shafts and to diminish the fly wheels
or masses the arrangement shown diagrammatically in Figures 5 and 6 and in
plan view in Figure 5ª and side view Figure 6a in which the twin motor works
with two impulses per revolution may be adopted instead of the arrangements
shown in Figures 3. 3ª and 3 and 4, 42, 4b and 4°, in which they work in two
stroke motion side by side. In this further arrangement the power of the two
rear pistons is transmitted by two rock shaft arms which however in this case.
in contrast, to the previous arrangement shown in Figures 4, 4, 4, 4°, lie on
different sides of the axis of the rock shaft 7 as shown in Figures 6 and 6*.
The connecting rods may also be arranged at the sides of the two cylinders
instead of between the same so that a more rigid framework may be obtained.
as is also shown in Figures 5, 5ª, 6, 6ª.
The insertion of a rocking intermediate shaft in the transmission gear of the
rear piston admits of double piston motors being made with doubly bent fly-
wheel shaft and affords the possibility of applying the present invention also to
twin motors with two cylinders lying opposed to one another in the same
horizontal plane.
This arrangement is shown in Figure 7.
The front pistons facing the flywheel shaft act on the same crank, the two
rear pistons e each act on a rock shaft 7 and from these latter by means of a
single connecting rod hon a single crank » displaced at 180° from the first
named crank. A twin engine arranged in this way works in single stroke motion
with two impulses per revolution,

page_text: The mixing pump necessary for the working of the motor may in any case be
arranged in the gearing of the rear piston, or à blowing engine, pump, or other
suitable operating machine with reciprocating movement may be connected
with the rod as shown in dotted lines in Figure 7. The mixing pump may also
be operated from the rocking intermediate shaft.
Instead of rocking intermediate shafts in the arrangements shown in Figures 5ª,
Ca and a rotary intermediate shaft may also be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A twin motor composed of two double piston motors lying in the same plane
and acting on a two or three crank shaft arranged in the same said plane.
characterized by the two front pistons facing the shaft being directly connected
therewith by the ordinary crank gear whilst the two rear pistons act indirectly on
a single crank or end crank substantially as described.
2. A form of construction of the described motor having adjacent cylinders,
characterized by the two rear pistons (e) being connected by a cross head (g)
and acting on the central crank of the three crank shaft, substantially as described.
3. A form of construction of the described motor having adjacent cylinders,
characterized by the two rear pistons being geared to act in the same direction
on a rocking intermediate shaft (/) and from the latter on to the central crank
or bend of the three-crank shaft. substantially as described.
4. A form of construction of the described motor having adjacent cylinders,
characterized by the two rear pistons (e) being geared to act in opposite directions
on a rocking (or rotating) intermediate shaft (/) and from this latter on to an
outer or end crank (o) of the three-crank shaft, substantially as described.
5. A form of construction of the described motor having cylinders lying
opposite one another, characterized by the pistons facing the shaft being geared
to act directly on a single crank, whilst the pistons facing away from the shaft
act indirectly cach by means of a rocking intermediate shaft (7) on a single
crank (n) set at 180° to the first named crank, substantially as described.
Dated this 8th day of January 1900.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.