AN IMPROVED OVEN FOR BAKING BISCUITS, BREAD, AND OTHER ALIMENTS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Wylam, of Manor House, Drayton
Green, Ealing, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED OVEN FOR BAKING BISCUITS, BREAD, AND OTHER ALIMENTS."
Sealed the 28th February 1871, and dated the 30th September 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Wylam at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th September 1870.
I, EDWARD WYLAM, of Manor House, Drayton Green, Ealing, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED OVEN FOR BAKING BISCUITS, BREAD, AND OTHER ALIMENTS," to
be as follows:-
The said improved oven is annular, and that part of it on which the
articles to be baked are placed, and which is herein-after referred to as
the annular table or bed, is encased in circular flues so constructed as
to allow the hot air to pass round the said annular table or bed both
beneath and above it. The said annular table or bed is made to rotate.

page_text: on balls, wheels, or rollers, by means of racks, pinions, bevel wheels, or
other suitable machinery. A space is made in the afore-mentioned
circular flues sufficiently large to allow the articles to be baked to be
placed on and removed from the aforesaid annular table or bed. Adjoining
the said space at the side on which the articles to be baked are placed
on the said annular table or bed is or are one or more furnaces according
to the size of the oven.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Wylam in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th March 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
WYLAM, of Manor House, Drayton Green, Ealing, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edward Wylam, Her special licence
that I, the said Edward Wylam, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Wylam, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
OVEN FOR BAKING BISCUITS, BREAD, AND OTHER ALIMENTS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Wylam, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Wylam, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
The said improved oven is annular, and that part of it on which the
articles to be baked are placed, and which is herein-after referred to as
the annular table or bed, is encased in circular flues so constructed as to
allow the hot air to pass round the said annular table or bed, both
beneath and above it. The said annular table or bed is made to rotate
on balls, wheels, or rollers, by means of racks, pinions, bevel wheels, or
other suitable machinery. A space is made in the afore-mentioned
circular flues sufficiently large to allow the articles to be baked to be
placed on and removed from the aforesaid annular table or bed.
Adjoining the said space (at the side on which the articles to be baked
are placed on the said annular table or bed, or in any other suitable
position) is or are one or more furnaces according to the size of the oven.
In order that the nature of the said Invention and the means by which
I effect the same may be clearly understood and described, I append to
this Specification a Sheet of Drawings having figures and letters of
reference marked thereupon, the like letter being used to denote a similar
or corresponding part in each Figure.
In these Drawings Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of my
improved oven, the section being made through the line A, B, of
Figure 2; Figure 2 is a sectional plan through C, D, Figure 1; Figure 3
is an elevation; Figure 4 a section through E, F, Figure 2; Figure 5
is a section through G, H, Figure 2, and Figure 6 is a section through
I, K, Figure 2; Figure 7 is an edge view, and Figure 8 a detail plan in
part of the annular table or bed.
a is the annular table or bed; 61, 62, are the circular flues herein-before
mentioned; ¹ represents the flues which pass over the oven, and which
I call the top flues; 2 represents those which pass under the oven
herein-after referred to as the bottom flues; C is a passage with
ventilators between the top flues and the said annular table or bed;
the said ventilators which are marked C¹ can be opened or shut, as may
be desired, so as to allow the steam to escape from the articles while
under the process of baking through the said passage into the chimney.
Figures 1 and 2 show clearly one arrangement of the racks, pinions,
bevel wheels, and shafting, by which I propose to make the said annular
table or bed rotate; but I do not bind myself to this plan as shown, but

page_text: purpose using any convenient method of giving motion to the said
annular table or bed.
In Figure 2 is shown the top series of flues, and d¹ and d² are the
furnaces for heating the oven. The heat and flame of furnace d¹ pass
through the top series of flues 6', which commence at this furnace, as
shown in Figure 5. The heat and flame of furnace d² pass through the
bottom series of flues 62, which commence at this furnace, as shown in
Figure 4. I propose to use a set or sets of dampers e, e, at the end of
the said circular flues, so as to more effectually regulate the heat.
In Figure 6, the sectional view of the oven at the end of the flues, is
shown the front view of the dampers and the outlets of flues.
In some cases where very large ovens on my plan are used I admit
the heated air from either furnace into the space beneath the annular
table or bed, and I employ a fan or centrifugal blower to force the heated
air through the said space for the purpose of intensifying the heat and
dispelling the steam which arises from the biscuits or other articles
which are being baked.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the means by which the same is effected, I wish it to be understood
that what I claim is the construction and application and use of the said
annular table or bed a, Figures 1, 2, 7, and 8, together with the said
circular flues 61, 62, Figures 1 and 2, and all the machinery herein in this
Specification described, and in the appended Drawings illustrated when
used in connection with the said annular table or bed and the said
circular flues.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Wylam, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Twenty-eighth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
W. MARTIN.
EDWARD WYLAM. (L.S.)