IMPROVEMENTS IN WAGONS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Clay Bull of Brooklyn, New York United States
of America but at present of 1 Hackins Hey Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WAGONS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Clay Bull at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1882.
HENRY CLAY BULL of Brooklyn New York United States of America, but at
IMPROVEMENTS
present of 1 Hackins Hey Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IN WAGONS"
This Wagon is intended to be used for goods traffic on railways and the con-
struction is such that by means of a slight change and addition it can be run on
the ordinary roads thus saving the expense of loading and unloading of goods.
The way these advantages are effected are as follows:-
Each wheel of the wagon is mounted on a separate axle so that one wheel can
turn independently of the other Each pair of wheels is mounted on a turntable
pivoted and provided with anti friction ball bearings-This admits of the wagon
turning around in a very small space when it is used on the ordinary roads-The
bearings of this wagon are the same as the bearings of a locomotive, driving axle
being inside the wheels and being provided with axle box cellar and brasses the .
same as a locomotive-The axles are made hollow for the purpose of holding
lubricating oil which reaches the brasses through a small opening in the axle being
forced outward by centrifugal action.
Openings, outside the wheels-fitted with screwed covers-are provided for
filling the same with oil.
The inside end of the two axles work in a long metal sleeve which keeps the axles
rigid but at the same time admits of one wheel turning independently of the other
When the wagon is on the railway the turntables on which the wheels are mounted
are kept from turning by means of a pin passed through the head of the draw
hook-When the wagon is on the ordinary road this pin is withdrawn from the
fore axle frame and used to secure the pole to which the horses are attached

page_text: To convert this wagon from railway to road uses it is run upon a special rail
resting on the flange of the wheel-the main portion of the wheel overhanging-a
special ring of metal is slipped over the wheel and secured preferably by a key and
collar on the end of the axle-This special ring being somewhat larger than the
flange and of sufficiently broad tread to go on any road converts the wagon from
a railway wagon to an ordinary road wagon The pole being now inserted and
secured by the pin before mentioned the horses are attached to draw the wagon
to wherever it is required to deliver the goods.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Clay Bull in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th June 1883.
HENRY CLAY BULL, of Brooklyn, New York, United States of America, but at
present of 1 Hackins Hey, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster IMPROVEMENTS
IN WAGONS
My Invention has for its object the construction of a wagon intended for use
for goods traffic on railways and the construction is such that by means of a slight
change and addition it can be run on ordinary roads, thus saving the expense of
loading and unloading of goods.
..
The wagon is constructed as follows: each wheel of the wagon is mounted on a
separate axle, so that one wheel can turn independently of the other. Each pair
of wheels is mounted on a turn table pivotted and provided with anti friction ball
bearings. This admits of the wagon turning round in a very small space when it
is used on the ordinary roads. The bearings of the wagon are the same as the
bearings of a locomotive driving axle being inside the wheels and being provided
with axle box collar and brasses the same as a locomotive. The axles are made
hollow for the purpose of holding lubricating oil, which reaches the brasses through
a small opening in the axle being forced outward by centrifugal action; openings
outside the wheels fitted with screwed covers are provided for filling the same with
oil. The inside end of the two axles work in a long metal sleeve, which keeps the
axles rigid, but at the same time admits of one wheel turning independently of the
other. When the wagon is on the railway, the turntables. on which the wheels
are mounted are kept from turning by means of a pin passed through the head of
the draw hook. When the wagon is on the ordinary road this pin is withdrawn
from the fore axle frame and used to secure the pole to which the horses are
attached To convert this wagon from railway to road uses it is run upon a
special rail resting on the flange of the wheel, the main portion of the wheel over
hanging. A special ring of metal is slipped over the wheel and secured preferably
by a key and collar on the end of the axle. This special ring being somewhat

page_text: arger than the flange and of sufficiently broad tread to go on any road, converts
the wagon from a railway wagon to an ordinary road wagon. The pole being now
Inserted and secured by the pin before mentioned the horses are attached to
draw the wagon to wherever it is required to deliver the goods.
That my Invention may be more clearly understood, I have hereunto annexed
wo sheets of Drawings illustrating a wagon according to my Invention. The
Drawings are marked with letters and figures of reference corresponding with
those in the following explanation. Like letters are used to denote like parts
throughout the various views.
draw the wagon to wherever it is required to deliver the goods.
That my Invention may be more clearly understood, I have hereunto annexed
two sheets of Drawings illustrating a wagon according to my Invention. The
Drawings are marked with letters and figures of reference corresponding with
those in the following explanation. Like letters are used to denote like parts
throughout the various views.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a wagon constructed according to my
Invention.
Figure 2 is an end view of Figure 1..
Figure 3 is a section taken through X X Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an outside elevation of Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a plan of Figure 1.
Upon reference it will be seen that each of the wheels A of the wagon is
mounted on a separate axle B so that one wheel turns independently of the other.
The bearings C of the axles B are the same as the bearings of a locomotive driving
axle and are placed. inside the wheels A and are provided with axle box collar and
brasses the same as a locomotive. The axles B are made hollow forming a cavity B¹
for the purpose of holding lubricating oil, which reaches the brasses through a
small opening b in the axle B, the oil being forced outward by centrifugal action
and fed to the cavity B₁ through the opening 6' which is fitted with a screwed
cover. The inside end of each pair of axles B run in the metal sleeve D which
keeps the axles B rigid. Each pair of axles B bearings C and wheels A is mounted
on a turntable E pivotted under the platform F of the wagon by the pin e and
provided with anti friction ball bearings h. This arrangement admits of the wagon
turning round in a very small space when it is used on ordinary roads. When
the wagon is on the railway the turntables E are kept from turning by means of
the pins H which are passed through the head of the draw hook J. When the
wagon is on the ordinary road, the pin H is withdrawn from one axle frame and
is used to secure the pole L to which the horses are attached. To convert the
wagon from railway to road uses it is run upon a special rail M so that it rests on
the flange a of the wheels A, the main portion of the wheel A. overhanging as
shown in the Drawings. The road ring Ñ is then shipped over the wheel A and is
secured by the key and collar P on the end of the axle B this road ring N being
somewhat larger than the flange a of the wheel A and is of sufficient breadth for
use on ordinary roads and thus the wagon is converted from a railway wagon to
an ordinary road wagon and can be drawn by horses to wherever it is required to
deliver, or receive goods.
Having now described my Invention and shown how the same may be carried
out into practical effect what I claim as my Invention and secured to me by Letters
Patent as aforesaid is
First In wagons of the type herein described mounting the wheels on inde-
pendent axles, the axles running in bearings, substantially as herein described and
constructed as shown in the Drawings bereto annexed and for the purposes set
forth.
Second In wagons of the type herein described mounting and supporting the
platform upon turntables substantially as herein described and constructed as
shown in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Third In converting railway wagons to road wagons the use of an outside road-
ring fitted over the railway wheel tyre and fixed thereto substantially as herein
described and constructed as shown in the Drawings hereto annexed.

page_text: Fourth The use of the special rail M for receiving the flange a of the wagon
wheels A and supporting the wagon when being converted from a railway wagon
to a road wagon substantially as herein described and shown in the Drawings.
hereto annexed.
Fifth The arrangement of parts forming a wagon convertible to rail, or road
uses substantially as herein described and shown in the Drawings hereto
annexed.
In Witness whereof, I the said Henry Clay Bull have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
HENRY CLAY BULL (L.S.)