Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Making Rugs and Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 19th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 19th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Making Rugs
and Pile Fabrics.
I JOHN BAILEY of Staincliffe Road, off Dewsbury Moor, Dewsbury in the
County of York Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
I employ a series of vertical needles extending across the whole width of the
frame of the machine, the needles are pointed and have an eye near the end, and
are fluted upon both sides; the needles are carried upon a suitable bar, which is
carried in slides, a vertical motion is given to the needle bar by rods and levers,
from a cam or tappet upon a shaft operated by power or hand.
There is a grate below the needles over which the foundation or cloth passes,
a horizontal knife at each end of the machine, works backwards and forwards upon
the face side of the needles. The backwards and forwards motion is given to the
knives by an arrangement of levers, rods, and shafts, from a tappet or cam upon
the aforesaid tappet shaft.
The yarn is fed from bobbins or cops in any suitable position, in single, double
or in other number and passed through the respective needles.
The cloth passes over card rollers from the beam in a stretched state, across the
grate, and is taken up by a taking up motion, consisting of taking up wheel, and
suitable pawls and catches, connecting rod, and lever, operated from the tappet
shaft.
The needles pass downwards through the cloth, carrying the yarn through it,
forming loops the two knives then come forwards into the loops, and lower a little
drawing out the loops, then the needles recede, the knife then is withdrawn and at
the same time slightly lowered, thus cutting all the loops cach time.
The knives have the two separate lowering motions given to them, by a
pulling down bar and fingers, operated by two suitable cams, and returned by
springs.
The length of pile left for each loop, can be regulated by adjusting the runner
in the slot of the lever. The knives can be regulated as to position, by suitable
slots in their carriers, and as to length of stroke, by slots in the various levers
or rods.
A holding down bar provided with teeth is placed in slides in front of the
needles and rises with the needle bar, and when the knife is inserted in the loops,
the holding down bar drawn down by spring, and its teeth engage in the cloth
and in the yarn, forming the loop, and prevent its being pulled down by the knives
during cutting.
For evenly drawing down the yarn to feed the machine, I employ a cross beam
which has a falling and rising motion, each motion of the needles, given it by
connecting rod to a crank pin or tappet on a shaft.
For sharpening the knives automatically employ stone, or cinery rollers, or
the like, placed in a suitable position so that the knives rub against the rollers each
stroke and so are always sharpening.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax, Agent for the Applicant...

page_text: COMPLETE, SPECIFICATION.
"
Improvements in the, Method; of and Apparatus for Making Rugs
and Pile Fabrics.
I JOHN BAILEY of Staincliffe Road, off Dewsbury Moor, Dewsbury in the
County of York, Engineer and Rug Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my improved machine for making rugs and other
pile fabrics.
Fig. 2 is an end clevation in section of Fig. 1 through the line A. B.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail showing knife inserted in loop before cutting same.
I employ a series of vertical needles C, extending across the whole width of the
frame D, of the machine; the needles are pointed and have an eye C¹ near the
end, and are fluted upon both sides; the needles are carried upon a suitable bar E,
which is carried in slides E'. A vertical motion is given to the needle bar by a
rod F, and lever F, from a cam or tappet G, upon a shaft G¹, operated by power
or hand.
There is a grate H below the needles over which the foundation or cloth J
passes. A horizontal knife K, at each end of the machine, fixed upon carriers K,
works backwards and forwards upon the face side of the needles C; the backwards
and forwards motion is given to the knives K, by an arrangement of levers, rods,
and shafts L, from a tappet or cam M, upon the aforesaid tappet shaft G, or only
one knife may be used if desired.
The yarn N is fed from bobbins or cops N¹, in any suitable position, in single,
double, or in any other number, and passed through the respective needles.
The cloth J passes over card rollers J from the beam in a stretched state across
the grate H, and is taken up by a taking up motion consisting of taking up
wheel P, and suitable pawls and catches P', connecting rod P2 and lever P³,
operated from the tappet shaft G¹.
The needles C pass downwards simultaneously through the cloth J carrying the
yarn through it the needles rising slightly form the loops, the two knives K then
come forwards into the loops, and lower a little by means of the cams R, drawing
out the loops, as shown at Fig. 3, then the needles recede, and again come down
the knives K are then withdrawn, and at the same time slightly lowered, thus
cutting all the loops simultaneously each time. A spring guide for holding the
knife in position is he employed.
The knives have the two separate lowering motions given to them by a
pulling down bar R¹ and fingers R2, operated by suitable cams R and returned
by springs.
The length of pile left for each loop can be regulated by adjusting the runner $
in the slot S of the lever or pulling down bar R, or by the traverse of the cam G,
upon the driving or tappet shaft G.
The knives can be regulated as to position by suitable slots K in their carriers K¹,
and as to length of stroke, by slots in the various levers or rods.
A holding down bar T provided with teeth T is placed in slides T' in front of
the needles C, and rises with the needle bar; and when the knife is inserted in the
loops, the holding down bar is drawn down by springs U, and its teeth engage in
the cloth and in the yarn forming the loop, and prevent its being pulled down by
the knives during cutting.
For evenly drawing down the yarn to feed the machine, I employ a cross
beam V, which has a falling and rising motion (upon each motion of the needles)

page_text: given it by connecting rod X, pivotted levers Z, to a crank pin, or tappet W, on
shaft G.
For sharpening the knives automatically I may employ stone or emery rollers or
the like, placed in a suitable position so that the knives rub against the rollers each
stroke, thus they are being always sharpened.
Or any other suitable means for sharpening the knives may be employed.
By this machine it will be seen that the loops in rugs or other pile fabrics are
made, and cut simultaneously, across the whole width of the rug, and an ordinary
hearth rug containing 18 square feet, can be made in five minutes at the
outside.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Rugs and pile fabrics, formed in the manner and by the mechanism such as
described.
2. In rug or pile fabric making machines (having straight needles) cutting the
whole of each series of loops simultaneously as they are formed without stopping
the machine in the manner such as shown and described.
3. Holding the fabrics of loops whilst being cut in the manner such as shown
and described.
4. The combination of the needles C, the sliding bar E, with guide or grate H
and holding down bar T with teeth T¹, as and for the purposes such as shown and
described.
5. The combination of needles C, sliding bar E, grate H, pulling down bar R¹,
fingers R2, knife or knives K, and holding down bar, T with teeth T, as and for
the purposes such as shown and described.
Dated this Eighteenth day of November 1891
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax, Agent for the Applicant.