Improvements in the Manufacture of Twine, Thread, Cord, Rope, and the like.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1887
Complete Left, 22nd May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 22nd June, 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Twine, Thread, Cord, Rope,
and the like.
We, ROBERT JOHN FOSTER, and WILLIAM DUNN FOSTER, both of Park House,
Selby, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
In the manufacture of twine, thread, cord, rope and the like (hereinafter included
in the expression "twine or the like ") as commonly practised, portions of fibre and
shieves are usually caused to project by centrifugal action that occurs in the process
of spinning the result is a roughness and lumpiness of surface of the twine or the
like, which if not removed before starching or sizing and polishing gives a somewhat
unsightly appearance to the manufactured article and makes it of less value as a
marketable commodity.
Now our invention has for object the more effectual removal of such projecting
fibres, shieves and lumps, and the rendering of the twine or the like more equal in
size and of a better colour previous to the starching or sizing and polishing operations,
for which purposes we subject the twine or the like to the action of a roller or
rollers of stone, emery, concrete or other analogous and suitable material having an
abrading surface instead of to the action of rollers such as have heretofore been
commonly used for the purpose.
For the purposes of our invention, the rollers may be placed in any suitable position,
such as at right angles to the framework of the machine or obliquely thereto, or
longitudinally thereof, or they may be vertical.
The twine or the like under treatment may run at right angles to the axes of the
rollers or obliquely thereto, and either over one roller, or several rollers, or may pass
over one roller and under another roller in a series, and over another roller and so on,
until it has passed the whole series as may be desired.
When one roller is used, its axis may be either at right angles or oblique to the
framework and the material under treatment may pass over or under it at a right or
other angle thereto.
And when one roller is used arranged longitudinally of the framework of the
machine, the material under treatment is caused to pass around such roller in a

page_text: helical direction, but in suchwise as not to be in contact with the whole periphery of
the roller; adjustable guide rollers or other suitable guides being employed so as to
guide and regulate the material under treatment that it may be in contact with so
much of the periphery of the abrading roller as may be sufficient to remove the
projecting fibres, shieves and lumps.
The obliquity of the material under treatment in relation to the rollers (in any of
the above described arrangements) is such that the friction and the rotation of the
roller or rollers will cause the twine or the like to rotate about its own axis and to
bring all parts of its circumference into contact with the periphery or peripheries of
the roller or rollers (as the case may be) so that projecting fibres, shieves and lumps
may be thoroughly removed or ground off and the twine or the like to be of more
equal thickness as above referred to.
The roller or rollers may run in water or be supplied therewith by means of jets or
drips.
The above described improvements are also applicable to a band-walk for the purposes
hereinabove specified.
1 l l...
1007

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Twine, Thread, Cord, Rope,
and the like.
We, ROBERT JOHN FOSTER, and WILLIAM DUNN FOSTER, both of Park House,
Selby, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
In the manufacture of Twine, Thread, Cord, Rope and the like, such as Yarns and
Twists for weaving, (hereinafter included in the expression "Twine or the like") as
commonly practised, portions of fibre and shieves are usually caused to project by
centrifugal action that occurs in the process of spinning, the result is a roughness
and lumpiness of surface of the twine or the like, which if not removed before starching
or sizing and polishing gives a somewhat unsightly appearance to the manufactured
article and makes it of less value as a marketable commodity.
Now our invention has for object the more effectual removal of such projecting
fibres, shieves and lumps, and the rendering of the twine or the like more equal in
size and of a better colour previous to the starching or sizing and polishing operations
for which purposes we subject the twine or the like to the action of a roller or rollers
of stone, emery, concrete or other analogous and suitable material having an abrading
surface instead of to the action of rollers such as have heretofore been commonly used
for the purpose.
For the purposes of our invention the roller or rollers may be placed in any suitable
position, such as at right angles to the framework of the machine, or obliquely thereto,
or longitudinally thereof, or a roller or rollers may be vertical.
The Twine or the like under treatment may run at right angles to the axis or axes
of a roller or rollers or obliquely thereto, and either over one roller or several rollers,
or may pass over one roller and under another roller in a series, and over another
roller and so on until it has passed the whole series as may be desired.
When one roller is used its axis may be either at right angles or oblique to the
framework, and the material under treatment may pass over or under it at a right or
any other angle thereto.
And when one roller is used arranged longitudinally of the framework of tho
machine, the material under treatment is caused to pass around such roller in a helical
direction, but in suchwise as not to be in contact with the whole periphery of the
roller, adjustable guide rollers or other suitable guides being employed so as to guide
and regulate the material under treatment that it may be in contact with so much only
of the periphery of the abrading roller as may be sufficient to remove the projecting
fibres, shieves and lumps.
The obliquity of the material under treatment in relation to the rollers, (in any of
the above described arrangements) is such that the friction and the rotation of the
roller or rollers will cause the twine or the like to rotate about its own axis and to

page_text: bring all parts of its circumference into contact with the periphery or peripheries
of the roller or rollers (as the case may be) so that projecting fibres, shieves and
lumps may be thoroughly removed or ground off, and the twine or the like be of more
equal thickness as above referred to.
In some cases we run the roller or rollers with the twine or the like passing over or
under it or them immersed in water, but by preference we supply the water from an
overhead tank or pipe having perforations therein, the water being when practicable
supplied under pressure and thus impinged upon the roller or rollers and the twine or
the like in jets, and thus serves as a better scouring and cleansing medium for the
said twine and the like than if the latter merely passed through the water and over or
under one or more rollers.
The above described improvements are also applicable to a band walk for the purposes
hereinabove specified, and their application will be readily understood by reference to
the accompanying drawings in which similar letters represent similar parts wherever
they occur.
Fig. 1. is a plan of the improved machinery or apparatus according to our invention.
Fig. 2. is an elevation of the same, and
Fig. 3. is a plan showing the abrading rollers in an oblique position in relation to
the framework a, of the machine. b, are the abrading rollers, c, the twine or the like on
its passage through the machine, which may be zigzag as shown in Fig. 1. or in a
straight line as in Fig. 3.-d, are guide pins for directing the course of the twine or
the like and for isolating one line of twine from another during its passage.
water pipes, one over each roller for supplying water thereto as previously
referred to.
e, are
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, we declare that
what we claim is
1. In machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of Twine and the like, the uso
of an abrading roller or rollers of stone, emery, concrete or analogous material; over,
under, around or about which the twine and the like to be treated, is passed, such
roller or rollers being placed either at right angles or obliquely to the framework of
the machine as illustrated, or longitudinally or vertically thereof, substantially as
described for the purposes specified.
2. In machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of Twine and the like, the use in
combination with an abrading roller or rollers of the kind referred to in claim one, of
water under pressure or otherwise in jets or drops substantially as described and for
the purposes specified.
3. In a band walk for the manufacture of Twine and the like, the use in combina-
tion with the usual machinery thereof, of an abrading roller or rollers of the kind
referred to in claim one, and of water under pressure or otherwise, in jets or drops
applied to the said roller or rollers and the Twine and the like, substantially as here-
inabove set forth for the purposes specified.
4. The improved apparatus for clearing twine of projecting fibres, shieves and
lumps (with or without the aid of water) constructed, arranged and operating sub-
stantially as described with reference to the drawings.
1: 10h 1000
ROBERT JOHN FOSTER.
WILLIAM DUNN FOSTER.