Improvements in Fastenings for Doors and other articles.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 18th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 7th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fastenings for Doors and other articles.
I, ARCHIBALD HODGE, of Bishop Street, Port Dundas, Glasgow, Lanark-
shire, Mechanical Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has reference to a new or improved mode of, or construction, and
arrangement and combination of parts or mechanism for locking doors, or locking
and bolting doors, and comprises first a tower, or slip, or barrel, or other form of
bolt which is actuated by hand on one side of door so modified as to be actuated
by a key from the other side of door without of necessity having other moving
parts than the slip bolt and the key to actuate the same. Second the formation or
addition to the bearing frame or case of the bolt of bearing parts or one or more
journals in or on which the key may move. Third the formation or arrangement
on the slip bolt of friction or gearing surfaces or material or teeth suitable for key
to act on. Fourth the key so formed or arranged at the part or parts that actuate
bolt with friction or gearing surface or material or teeth or gearing device that in
putting it into or taking it out of its bearings it so actuates or revolves the bolt as
alternately to free and replace the handle in or on its terminal positions or notches,
and in turning or revolving the key in or on its bearings it acts as a gear or pinion
to actuate or slide the bolt longitudinally. I purpose the foregoing to be described
hereafter as a bolt lock and key or a tower or slip or barrel or other bolt lock and
key. The foregoing lock and key arrangements are also available to be modified
or used by means of a bolt having no handle. These devices are susceptible of
considerable modification.
According to my improvements the frame or bearing part of bolt lock is
constructed or provided with a pin or other surface or edges and parts necessary
The bolt on the
to form one or more bearings or journals for key to work on.
parts of its surface which move in approximation to the key-hole is ruffened or has
grooves or rack and, or, pinion teeth or other friction surface or material or gearing
part to fit it for being actuated by the key. The key may be varied in form or
arrangement or material, and one arrangement is that the part of key whether tube
or pin which enters the lock or bearings shall have two collars to form recess in
which is an india rubber or other friction band which actuates bolt as herein before
described.
Another arrangement which may be prefered is that the part of key whether
tube or pin that enters lock or bearings shall be formed as a pinion of say six
teeth or six rows of teeth in or around its circumference and each rows may consist
of say two teeth. Any or one of the rows of teeth acts as a ratchet to revolve
the bolt from or to its terminal positions when the key is put in or taken out of
its bearings as herein before described, and when the key is turned or revolved in
or on its bearings the pinion of six or other number of teeth actuates bolt
longitudinally to project or withdraw it as herein before described. The motion or
motions of the bolt as effected by the key are got by various devices of diagonal
or other teeth and, or, of friction surfaces or materials applicable to either or both
the bolt and the key. The bolt may be of a square or other shape of section and
dispense with the revolving motion which locks or holds the bolt at its terminal
positions but in lieu thereof it may have friction springs or other device, and only
require the pinion or revolving action of the key to project and withdraw it
longitudinally.
By preference the gearing teeth or other friction surfaces or parts are arranged
to admit of the key being taken from or entered on or into its bearings when the

page_text: bolt is at various or any part of its moving or sliding course at or between the
terminals.
The handle for moving bolt may be dispensed with and the bolt actuated only by
the key on or from one or both sides of door or other opening part, and having as
a bolt lock and key various advantages herein before described, such as having few
or no moving parts or springs other than the bolt and key, and which may have
stud or other arrangement in lieu of guiding or locking action of handle. According
to preference variations of form, or size, or application of wards, levers, rifelings,
or other devices may be adapted to bolt locks and keys formed and actuated as
herein before described to secure against their being opened by other means than
their own keys or the handle of bolt lock.
Dated this Nineteenth day of June 1891.
ARCHIBALD HODGE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks or Fastenings for Doors and other articles.
I, ARCHIBALD HODGE, of 5 Bishop Street, Port Dundas, Glasgow, Lanarkshire,
Mechanical Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to a new or improved mode of, or construction, and
arrangement and combination of parts or mechanism for locking doors or locking
and bolting doors by which a tower, or slip, or barrel or other form of bolt hitherto
actuated by hand on one side of door may be so modified in construction as to be
actuated by a key from the other side of door without of necessity having other
moving parts than the slip bolt and the key to actuate the same.
My invention comprises
First. The formation or arrangement on the slip bolt of friction or gearing
surfaces or material or teeth suitable for key to act on.
Second. The formation or addition to the bearing frame or case of the bolt of
bearing parts or one or more journals in or on which the key may move.
Third. The key, so formed or arranged at the part or parts that actuate bolt with
friction or gearing surface or material or teeth or gearing device that in putting it
into or taking it out of its bearings it so actuates or revolves the bolt as alternately
to free and replace the handle in or on its terminal positions or notches and in
turning or revolving the key in or on its bearings it acts as a gear or pinion to
actuate or slide the bolt longitudinally.
I purpose the foregoing to be described hereafter as a bolt lock and key or a
tower or slip or barrel or other bolt lock and key."
According to my improvements the frame or bearing part of bolt lock is
constructed or provided with a pin or other surface or edges and, or, parts
necessary to form one or more bearings or journals for key to work on, as shown
at A. Figs. 1. 2. 4. & 5. of drawings.
The bolt, on the parts of its surface which move in approximation to the key-
hole, is roughened or has grooves or rack and, or, pinion teeth, as shown at B.
Figs. 2. 4. & 5. of drawings, or other friction surface or material or gearing part to
fit it for being actuated by the key.
The key may be varied in form or arrangement or material, and one arrangement
is that the part of key whether tube or pin which enters the lock or bearings shall
have two collars to form recess in which is an india rubber or other friction band
which actuates bolt as herein before described.
Another arrangement is that the part of key whether tube or pin that enters lock
or bearings shall be formed with teeth or studs as shown at C. Figs. 3. & 5. of
drawings, so arranged as to act as a rack when entering or leaving its bearings and
as a pinion when revolving on or in its bearings. By this means the bolt is caused

page_text: to revolve from or to its terminal positions when the key is put in or taken out of
its bearings as herein before described, & as shown Figs. 4. & 5. of drawings, and
when the key is turned or revolved in or on its bearings it acts as a pinion to
project or withdraw the bolt as herein before described.
The bolt may be of a square or other shape of section and dispense with the
revolving motion which locks or holds the bolt at its terminal positions but in lieu
thereof it may have friction springs or other device, and only require the pinion or
revolving action of the key to project and withdraw it longitudinally.
If prefered the gearing teeth or other friction surfaces or parts may be arranged
to admit of the key being taken from or entered on or into its bearings when the
bolt is at various or any part of its moving or sliding course at or between the
terminals.
The handle for moving bolt may be dispensed with and the bolt actuated only by
the key on or from one or both sides of door or other opening part, and having as a
bolt lock and key various advantages such as having few or no moving parts or
springs other than the bolt & key.
According to preference variations of form, or size, or application of wards,
levers, rifelings, or other devices may be adapted to bolt locks and keys formed and
actuated as herein before described to secure against their being opened by other
means than their own keys or the handle of bolt lock.
In the foregoing descriptions and in the claims which follow by the terms "tower,
slip, barrel, or other bolt" I mean a bolt which is held in its terminal positions
either by simple friction or by being revolved until the handle rests in a notch or
other catch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed,. I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. The formation, construction, or modification of a tower, or slip, or barrel
bolt so as to fit same for being actuated by a key.
2nd. The use of a key acting on such bolt by friction only.
3rd. The use of a key so constructed as that when entering or leaving the lock
it shall cause the bolt to revolve.
Dated this 17th day of March 1892.
ARCHIBALD HODGE.