Improvements in Paper Tubes intended for Cops which are to be Bleached or Dyed, and in Machinery and Arrangements for Making the same.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Feb., 1:91
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1591
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Paper Tubes intended for Cops which are to be
Bleached or Dyed, and in Machinery and Arrangements for
Making the same.
We, JOSEPH BRIGGS SWAILES, GEORGE SWAILES and JOHN BROADMEADOW
SWAILES, of the firm of John Swailes & Sons, of Moorhey Oldham, in the County
of Lancaster, Cop Tube Manufacturers and Machinists, do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention to be as follows:-
Paper cop tubes are used for yarn or thread spun and wound in the form of cops,
and yarn or thread is now being bleached and dyed in the cop form, but if such cops
are bleached or dyed with ordinary paper tubes in their axes, they will obstruct the
access of the bleaching or dyeing liquids to the yarn or thread, and the object of
our invention is to construct paper cop tubes with perforations, through the side of
the tube in order to give free passage to the bleaching or dyeing liquor, or steam,
air or gas employed in these operations.
In carrying out our invention, the cop tube is first made in the ordinary manner
and when the paste is dry, they are or may be flattened by rollers or other means,
and are then taken to a punching machine which will punch say two rows of four
holes at a time.
When the punches come upon the tube they also flatten it, and eight holes (more
or less) are punched at the same time through both sides of the tube and its
elasticity causes it to spring back more or less, or it is pressed into the tubular form
again.
Two or more tubes are or may be punched at the same time according to our
invention, and the operation is or may be effected more or less automatically by
placing the tubes in a hopper, or in hoppers, from the bottom of which they can be
delivered by pushers, or other means, one at a time to each set of punches to which
they are conducted by guiding grooves or channels and they may be propelled by
pushers actuated by cams or other means or by an endless chain or chains moved
intermittently.
The endless chains being made of links to form spaces for the cop tubes by which
links they are carried under the punches and past them, and are then allowed' to
drop from the chain into any suitable receptacle.
The punches are geared up with the tube carrying and feeding mechanism, so
that after each stroke of the punches one or more fresh tubes are fed forwards from
the hopper or hoppers, and carried under and past the punches each of which have
or may have a presser actuated by the slide carrying the punches, to hold the tube
until the punches come fairly upon it, and prevent it from rising with the punches
when they lift.
Instead of an endless chain or chains having links between which the tubes are
fed, a pusher is or may be used for each set of punches, to push one tube at a time
from the bottom of the hopper, into a channel guiding the tube under the set of
punches, and against a stop or ledge, the tubes when punched being discharged
laterally by a finger or fingers.
When several sets of punches are in a row in a machine each having a separate
hopper for tubes, then all the pushers are or may be actuated simultaneously by the
same movement, and all the tubes punched are or may be discharged laterally by a
bar having a finger or fingers forming guides for each set of punches.
For each set of punches, two fingers are or may be used, arranged to hold the

page_text: tube central while being punched, and to assist in opening them into the tubula
form after punching, and to deliver them laterally when punched.
The movements required are or may be produced by cams or other means.
Dated this Nineteenth day of February 1891.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Paper Tubes intended for Cops. which are to be
Bleached or Dyed, and in Machinery and Arrangements for
Making the same.
We, JOSEPH BRIGGS SWAILES, GEORGE SWAILES and JOHN BROADMEADOW
SWAILES, of the firm of John Swailes & Sons, of Moorhey, Oldham, in the County
of Lancaster, Cop Tube Manufacturers and Machinists, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described nd ascertained in and by the following statement :-
:
Paper cop tubes are used for yarn or thread spun and wound in the form of cops,
and yarn or thread is now being bleached and dyed in the cop form, but if such
cops are bleached or dyed with ordinary paper tubes in their axes they will obstruct
the access of the bleaching or dyeing liquids to the yarn or thread, and the object
of our invention is to construct paper cop tubes with perforations through the side
of the tube in order to give free passage to the bleaching or dyeing liquor or steam,
air or gas employed in these operations.
In carrying out our invention, the cop tube is first made in the ordinary manner
and when the paste is dry they are or may be flattened by rollers or other means,
and are then taken to a punching machine which will punch say two rows of four
holes at a time..
When the punches come upon the tube they also flatten it, and eight holes (more
or less) are punched at the same time through both sides of the tube and its
clasticity causes it to spring back more or less or it is pressed into the tubular form
again.
One or more tubes are or may be punched at the same time according to our
invention, and the operation is or may be effected more or less automatically by
placing the tubes in a hopper, or in hoppers, from the bottom of which they can be
delivered by pushers, or other means, one at a time to each set of punches to which
they are conducted by guiding grooves or channels and they may be propelled by
pushers actuated by cams or other means or by an endless chain or chains moved
intermittently.
The endless chains are or may be made of links to form spaces for the cop tubes
by which links they are carried under the punches and past them, and are then
allowed to drop from the chain into any suitable receptacle. Similar chains are or
may be used for feeding the tubes to a pusher.
The punches are geared up with the tube carrying and feeding mechanism, so
that after each stroke of the punches one or more fresh tubes are fed forwards from
the hopper or hoppers, and carried under and past the punches each of which have
or may have a presser actuated by the slide carrying the punches or separately
actuated to hold the tube until the punches come fairly upon it and prevent it from
rising with the punches when they lift.
Instead of an endless chain or chains having links between which the tubes are
fed, a pusher is or may be used for each set of punches, to push one tube at a time
from the bottom of the hopper, into a channel guiding the tube under the set of
punches, and against a stop or ledge, the tubes when punched being discharged
laterally by a finger or fingers.
When several sets of punches are in a row in a machine each having a separate
hopper for tubes, then all the pushers are or may be actuated simultaneously by the

page_text: same movement, and all the tubes punched are or may be discharged laterally by a
bar having a finger or fingers forming guides for each set of punches.
For each set of punches two fingers are or may be used, arranged to hold the
tube central while being punched, and to assist in opening them into the tubular
form after punching, and to deliver them laterally when punched.
The movements required are or may be produced by cams or other means.
One mode of carrying out our invention is illustrated by Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation, in section showing the mechanism which we
prefer to use for flattening the conical paper tubes after they are made and are dry
and before being punched.
Fig. 2 is a partial side elevation, Fig. 3 a front clevation and Fig. 4 a plan, the
frame being in section and the upper part of the mechanism supposed to be removed,
and Fig. 5 is a partial elevation in the plane of that shown by Fig. 2, showing
another mode of operating the punching ram.
".
In Fig. 1, a is the hopper into which the cop tubes are placed.
The front a', of the hopper is arranged so as to be slided up and down, and then
secured by a screw a², at each side in order to adjust the opening at the bottom of
the hopper for the outlet of the cop tubes from it.
The hopper is carried by two arms a³, one on each side which are centered om a
shaft or stud a', carried on a bracket a', on each side, and one or both these arms
extend on each side to come over and rest upon a cam wheel aº, one of which is
secured upon each end of the shaft of the lower roller, so that the hopper a, is lifted
and allowed to fall say four times at each revolution of the lower roller b, this shakes
the hopper and causes the cop tubes to descend and drop from its outlet a', on to an
endless apron or belt c, the upper side of which is horizontal and passes under the
hopper.
The belt e, at one end passes round the lower roller b, and at the other end round
a roller c', the axis of which has its bearings in brackets secured to the table d.
The shaft b, for the lower roller is in bearings in a stand &', secured to the table d,
and it has a pulley 62, upon it which is rotated by a belt 63, from any suitable motor
in the direction pointed by the arrow on Fig. 1.
i
The upper roller, is in bearing blocks that can slide up and down in the stand 6',
and each sliding block , is forced upwards by au helical spring 60, between the
upper side of the block for the bearing of the lower roller b, and the underside of
that for the upper roller , and the space between the rollers can thus be readily
adjusted by the set screw 7, one in the cross piece at each end of the rollers.
The flattened cop tubes slide down the spout e, into any suitable receptacle, and
are then taken and fed one by one to the punching machine.
The punching machine shown by Figs. 2, 3 and 4 is formed by a frame a, having
bearings in its upper end for a cranked shaft, which has, fast and loose driving
pulleys ', at one end, and a fly wheel 2, at the other end (see Fig. 3).
The crank works in a bearing block c¹, that is arranged to slide horizontally in a
slot formed in the cross head of a ram c, the slot being formed by a plate, secured
by set screws to the cross head as shown.
The crank of the shaft b, causes the ram c, which slides vertically through a hole
in the casting or frame a, to rise and fall.
The lower end of a ram is socketed to receive the punch holder d, which is
secured in the socket in the ram by a set screw.
There may be any desired and.convenient number of punches d³, two rows of four
in each row are shown in the holder d.
These punches work through a thin plate, which is secured by screws to the
table plate of the framing. The thin plate f, is supported above the table plate by
a packing piece f1, on each side between which, space is left for the flattened cop
tube to be inserted the two inner edges of the packing pieces acting as guides to
keep the flattened cop tube central under the punches when being operated upon.
The plate g, below the two packing pieces, is the die plate g, having a hole

page_text: for each punch and below the die plate is a hole in the frame for the punchings to
drop out.
When a cop tube has been punched it is forced from the space between the thin
plate and die plate y, and falls through a hole ', in a shelf or table h, secured to
the frame of the machine and into any suitable-receptacle.
The pusher for forcing out the punched cop tube is jointed at one end to the
arm of a lever, having its fulcrum on a vertical stud 2, in a bracket or projection
from the framing and this lever i, after being moved forward is drawn back by a
helical spring, one end of which is attached to the lever ', and the other to the
hook end of an adjusting screw *, passing through a bracket or projection from the
framing.
This spring, draws the arm or lever i, back until its end comes against a
wedge shaped stop which is secured by a set screw, passing through a slot in
the wedge (see Fig. 4) by which means the distance the end of the pusher i, can be
drawn back is adjusted, the end of the pusher acting as a stop to limit the distance
to which the flattened cop tube must be inserted in the space for it.
The lever, is actuated by the lower arm of a beam lever, having its fulcrum
on a stud 28, in the side frame (see Figs. 2 and 3).
The upper arm of the lever, is acted upon by a bowl on a stud in one arm of
the fly wheel, which rotates in the direction pointed by the arrows on Figs. 2
and 3.
When the ram is actuated by a crank or excentric it occupies half a revolution
in descending and half in ascending, and in order to give more time for changing the
cop tubes the arrangement illustrated by Fig. 5 is or may be used.
The upper head of the rain c, is formed with a circular hole through it except as
to about one fourth of the circle and the shaft, is formed with a finger 63, or wiper
which acts to push down the rain, which is lifted by a spring that shown in Fig. 5 is
a spiral spring 3, one end of which is secured to a stud in one arm a', from the
framing a, and the free end is connected by a link , with the upper part of the
ram
In the position in which the wiper, is shown in Fig. 5 it has just passed
(rotating in the direction shown by the arrow on Fig. 5) the part e, projecting into
the circle upon which it acts, and the spring ³, has lifted the ram to its highest.
position and after about three quarters of a revolution it will again act during about
one quarter of a revolution to force down the ram r. The collar, secured to
the ram and the leather washer, prevents the spring ³, from lifting the ram too
high.
We shall next describe automatic mechanism for feeding, flattening, punching,
holding while being punched, restoring punched flattened cop tubes to the circular
form, and delivering the same by the one machine.
Fig. 6 is a side clevation of the machine.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal elevation in section of arrangements and mechanism for
feeding the cop tubes and pushing them from a hopper into the fingers or holders,
to be punched, the section being in about the line C-D Fig. 8.
Fig. 8 being a plan view.
Fig. 9 is an elevation partly in section on the line A-B Fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a plan view of the mechanism for manipulating the cop tubes, the
punching and other mechanism above it being omitted to show the mechanism more
clearly.
Fig. 11 is a plan view of an alternative combination of the mechanism for
manipulating the cop tubes.
Fig. 12 is an elevation of a part of the mechanism shown in Fig. 11, for giving to
and fro movement to the finger mechanism for manipulating the cop tubes.
Fig. 13 is an elevation on an enlarged scale and detached, of the punches and the
flattener which also acts to strip the cop tube from the punches.
a, is the bed or table plate of the machine; b, is the main driving shaft in

page_text: suitable bearings on the bed.
At one end are the fast and loose driving pulleys D,
for the driving belt and at the other end a fly wheel b²..
There is a vertical stand a', from the bed, in which slideways are formed for
vertically moving punching and flattening rams.
The lower end of the ram c, for the punches is formed with a socket to receive
the shank of the punch holder e¹, which is secured therein by a set screw (sec
Fig. 13).
The punches c², can pass through holes in a cranked plate d', secured by screws
to a foot or holder d', attached by a screw bolt to the lower end of the ram d, for
flattening the cop tube (see Fig. 13) and below the Hattening plate d', is the die
plate e, for the punches c², secured to the bed plate a, through which there is a
hole a, for the punchings to drop away..
There is also an adjustable guide or stop e¹, for the end of the cop tube e, to
come against.
The punching ram e, is actuated by a bowl, in a fork in one end of a lever e³,
having its fulcrum on a stud c°, secured in the upright stand a-and the bowl et, of
this lever e, coming against the upper end of the ram e, forces it down and it is
lifted by a spiral spring e', the central or fulcrum part of which is attached to a stud
secured in the upright stand a', and the free end of the spiral spring comes under a
stud, in the punching ram c.
The end of the beam lever e, nearest to the shaft b, is acted upon by a bowl c³, on
a stud in a slot in an arm ", secured to rotate with the shaft b, and the bowl c³, in
rotating with the shaft b, (in the direction pointed by the arrow on Fig. 6) lifts that
end of the lever e³, and forces down the punching rame, and when the lever c³, is
clear of the bowl c³, the ram c, is lifted by the spring c.
The ram d, for flattening the cop tubes is arranged to move up and down in
suitable slideways in the stand a¹.
The upper end of the ram is formed or has a part or bracket d³, secured to it,
to which one end of a helical spring d', is secured by screw nuts so as to be
adjustable to give more or less. pressure. The lower end of the helical spring d,
passes freely through a hole in a part or stud d, projecting from the side of the
ram d, and it also passes through a hole in the end of a lever do, below the stud d³,
and the end of the spring d, is then secured by a screw nut or other means which
cannot pass through the hole in the end of the lever d, which has its fulcrum on
a stud, secured in the upright stand a'.
This lever do, is actuated by a bowl , in an arm d, on and rotating with the
shaft b, in a manner similar to that for the lever eº.
The bowl, in this case, does not act to pull down the flattening ram d, directly
but the lever de, acted upon, pulls at the lower end of the helical spring d, and the
upper end of the spring pulls down the ram d. The helical spring d', acts to keep
the end of the lever de, against the underside of the stud from the flattening
ram, but the end of the lever do, can descend and leave the projection or stud d
when the flattener d', has arrived at its lowest position, when the helical spring d',
gives way.
There is a set screw ", that screws through a hole in the bracket or part d³, at
the upper end of the flattening ram d, the end of which set screw by coming
against the upper part of the upright stand a', or slideways for the flattening ram
will act as a stop to its lowest position, the set screw with its lock nut forming an
adjustable stop.
The lever d, is lifted and consequently the flattening ram d, by another helical
spring db, secured to a hole in the lever do, at its lower end and to a bracket a³,
from the stand a', at its upper end (see Fig. 6).
Fig. 7 shows best how the cop tubes are fed to be operated upon. f, is an endless
band formed of flannel or other suitable material. It passes round a drum f', at
one end, and a drum, at the other end.
On each side of this band, there is an endless belt f³, of a thickness equal to
about the diameter of the cop tubes being operated upon,

page_text: These thick belts f³, pass round the drum f', at one end and round another
drum, at the other end. Strips of thin metal, are secured to the thick belts
at each end, which strips, extend between the two thick belts and across the
broad belt, and thus receptacles are formed into which cop tubes are placed.
(Instead of thick belts, endless jointed chains may be used, and the strips of thin
metal are attached to the links of the jointed chain.) The thick side belts f³, and
the broad belt move in the direction pointed by the arrow on Fig. 7, at the same
speed, and carry the cop tubes with them, but when they arrive at the drum f2,
they fall from the spaces into a V or hopper formed on one side, by the broad
belt on the surface of the drum 2, and an inclined board f, on the other side
the outside of which is clear of the drum f*...
The V hopper may receive cop tubes faster than they are fed from it, in which
case when the V. or hopper is full the cop tubes will be carried forward and will
pass with the thick belts, round the druin f^.
To keep those cop tubes from falling out of the spaces formed by the plates/
in the endless belt 73, another broad endless band, is used, one side of which
starts from a drum f, passes upon and against the upper edges of the thin metal
divisions, under the lower returning side of the thick belts partly round the
drum to another drum, and then back under rollers, and "to the
drum f
The cop tubes, are pushed from the V or hopper endways, the small end
forwards, by a pusher e, the end of which is triangular in cross section to fit the
angle of the lower part of the V hopper, and is of such size that only one cop
tube can be acted upon at the same time.
The small end of the cop tube is pushed out of the hopper or V through a hole
in a spout e, on its side large enough to allow only one cop tube to pass at a time.
The lower edge of this pusher e, is on a level with the upper face of the die
plate, for the punches.
The pusher is inserted in a socket the end of a bar e³, or is otherwise
secured to it..
This bar e, is arranged to slide to and fro endways in suitable bearings in stands
secured to the table a, and from the outer end there is a projection through which
a set screw e, passes, the end of which will come against the stand forming one
bearing for the slide bar e³, when the pusher e, has been pushed to the required extent
forward.
:
a
The pusher slide bar e³, is actuated by a drum cam e, on the shaft b, a two armed
lever e, having its fulcrum at e, and a spiral spring eª. The cam e³,
acts upon
bowl in one end of one arm of the lever e", the end of the other arm of which is
slotted for a screw e, screwing into the slide bar e³.
The fulcrum of the spiral spring e, is secured to the fulcrum stud, for the
lever e, and its free end acts upon a stud e, in the lever e³, as shown best in Fig. 8,
consequently the bowl carried on the lever is kept against the face of the cam.
The endless cop tube feeding belts are driven by a belt f, working on the
shaft b, and fast and loose pulleys f, on a stud, the boss of the fast pulley
having a spur pinion, driving a wheel fe, on the shaft for the drumm
Figs. 7 and 8).
(see
There are two fingers, and g', which receive and hold the cop tube, while
being flattened and punched, which will be most clearly understood by reference to
Fig. 10. The undersides of the said fingers y, and g', are on a level with the
upper face of the die plate 3, for the punches.
There are two bars g, forming slideways, the ends of which are carried by
brackets from the table or bed a, (sce, Fig. 9).
Upon these bars, or slideways, a carriage g³, is mounted, provided with set
screws screwing through the sides of the carriage, the ends of which screws come
against the bars g, and thus while allowing the carriage to move to and fro in the
lengthway of the bars prevent lateral play.
"
To this slide or carriage 93, one end of a connecting rod 9*, is jointed, the other

page_text: is on a horizontal axis or fulcrum.
This lever, is shaped at its upper end to be acted upon by a bowl g, in an.
arm g, rotating with the shaft b, so as to move the lever, from its position shown
in full line in Fig. 6 to that shown in dotted line.
•
This lever g, when moved one way is drawn back by a spring or weight (not
shown) until the carriage g³, comes against a stop 95, in which position the said
fingers g, and g, will hold the cop tube under the punches c².
Upon the upper face of the slide or carriage, there are two slide bars go, and gº,
parallel in their lengthways to the slideways, for the carriage g³.
These slide bars g, and go, are in suitable guides on the upper face of the
carriage, and they are connected by a beam lever g, having its fulcrum on a
vertical stud g, in the upper face of the carriage g³.
The ends of the lever, are slotted each to fit a vertical pin secured in each
slide bar g, and g". It will be seen that when thus arranged. the slide bars gº,
and go, will move simultaneously and to an equal extent to and from each other.
Each slide bar has a finger (, from one, g', from the other) projecting from it,
one finger g', from the bar yo, being cranked to pass under the slide bar g, for the
other finger-g.
It is between these fingers that the cop tubes a, are pushed, by the pusher e.
One slide bar g, has one end of a helical spring 9, attached to it, the other end
of which is secured to the stand for the bearing, and the action of this spring
is to draw. the slide bar g, in one direction, and the other slide bar ", through
the lever g, in the opposite direction in order to separate the two fingers g, and g
When the carriage y³, is moved to one extreme, the end of an adjusting set
screw g, that screws through a part of the bar go, bent upwards comes against the
end of a lever g, and this brings the two fingers y, and g¹, towards each other and
allows a hook pawl g', jointed on the carriage at 5, to catch upon a projection from
the bar, so that the fingers g, and y', are held at a certain distance apart that
will give space for the cop tube a, to be pushed between them.
When the flattener d', comes down upon the cop tube (see Fig. 13) the hook
pawl g', is released and the spring g draws the fingers to their widest distance
apart to allow the cop tube space to flatten, and when the cop tube is punched,
the carriage g³, is slided towards the end of the lever ge, when the end of the set
screw ", will come against it and will act to bring the fingers g, and ', together
again to bring the cop tube from its flattened to its circular form again-and the
fingers are closed rather more than will bring the cop tube to the circular form to
allow for the elasticity of the cop tube after being released.
When the fingers 9,
and g, are moved to the extreme as described they are over a hole in the table a,
and by opening the fingers the cop tube may be released and will fall from the
fingers through the hole into any suitable receptacle placed below the table. or a
vibrating instrument is used to push the cop tube from between the fingers herein-
after described.
The beam lever g, has its fulcrum on a vertical stud ", and one arm is jointed
to one end of a horizontal rod g', sliding in brackets a secured to the table b, and
the other end of the rod ', comes against the face of a cam g', on the shaft b,
and the cam moves the rod g', one way to be ready to close the fingers g, and 91, to
restore the cop tube from the flattened to the circular form and then opens them to
release the cop tube and then closes them again in order that they may be held
closed by the hook pawl g
A spiral spring g*, the fulcrum of which is secured to the end of the stud g",
forming the fulcrum of the lever ge, its free end acting upon a pin in the lever ge,
keeps the end of the rod against the face of the cam g'.
The hook pawl catch g, is acted upon to release it, or prevent it from acting until
required, by a beam lever g', having its fulcrum 7", on a stud in a stand a³, secured
to the table a.
One end of the beam lever g', comes under a projection from the side of the hook
.
4

page_text: .
pawl g, the other end under a cam g°, on the shaft b.
(Figs. 6 and 8) arranged to pull down one end of the
against the face of the cam g".
There is a helical spring g",
lever g', and keep the other
There is a set screw g, screwing in a part bent downwards from the bar g³, the
end of which set screw comes against the stand or end of the carriage g³, to limit
the opening of the fingers g, and g', by the spring 9, when the hooked pawl
catch 9', is released.
There is an adjustable stop e', secured by set screws passing through slots to one
bar g, the end of which stop acts as a guide or stop to the end of the cop tube
when pushed between the fingers.
When the punched cop tube repressed to its circular form is in the position to
be discharged, the fingers g, and y', are in the position partly shown in dotted line
in Fig. 8, over the hole in the table a, through which the cop tube is to be
discharged and in order to force them from between the fingers g, and g', should
they adhere, a light bent arm h, is used (most clearly shown in Fig. 9) which is
screwed in a socket secured on a shaft h', in suitable bearings in brackets a
attached to the table, and there is an arm 2, at the end of this shaft h', the end of
which is kept against the face of a drum cam 3, on the shaft, by the weight of
the arm h, and a helical spring, extending between a projection on a bracket a,
and an arm h³, on the shaft h, which bracket a', also forms one of the bearings of
the shaft h'.
The bent end of the arm h, is made by the cam h³, to strike the cop tube down-
wards from between the fingers g, and g₁, and then lift again into the position in
which it is shown in Fig. 9.
The operation of the machine is as follows-The cop tubes are filled into the
spaces in the endless belts f, and f³, and are carried by them to the hopper-or
they may be filled by hand into the hopper, dispensing with the said endless belts
then the pusher e, acts to force a cop tube from the hopper between the fingers g.
and ', which are then stationary under the punches, waiting to receive the cop
tube, then the flattener d', descends, upon the cop tube and at this moment the
cam g", acts to release the hook pawl g', which allows the fingers y, and g¹, to open
to the extent fixed by the screw stop g, to allow the cop tube to be flattened to
the fullest extent.
The punches c², follow and punch the cop tube and then lift the fattener,
holding down the cop tube until stripped from the punches, then the flattener d',
lifts, and next the carriage ³, moves to bring the fingers g, and g', over the hole in
the table a, through which the cop is to be discharged and in bringing the fingers
to this position, the stop screw gd, comes against the lever g, and closes them to
the fullest extent, and the lever g, may then slightly open them (by the action of
the cam g',) next the arm h, acts to discharge the cop tube, the hook pawl g', is
allowed to catch the bar go, and hold the fingers g, and gl, in the position to receive
the next cop tube, and lastly the carriage 9³, is moved back by the action of the
bowl g, on the lever g, to bring the fingers g, and g', under the punches, the
carriage g³, remaining stationary until the punches c², and flattener d¹, have lifted,
when the operations described are repeated.
Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate a modification of the finger mechanism.
They are arranged on a carriage 3, as above described but the helical spring g
is attached to the pin in the bar g, for the lever g", at one end, and to a hook g',
at the other, end screwed for nuts by which it can be adjusted and is attached to a
bracket on the carriage 93, this spring 9, acting to draw the fingers g, and g',
towards each other, but against a set screw stop g', the end of which comes against
the end of the carriage 9, to prevent the fingers coming too near to each other.
The fingers g, and g', are arranged to come so near together that the cop tube
will have to be forced between them and will by, the action of the spring g
slightly flatten the cop tube at a right angle to the direction required 'for punching
to the extent required to restore them to the circular form after being flattened
and punched.

page_text: There is an adjustable set screw- -stop g, screwing into a bent up part from the
bar, and this stop will act to move the bar g, and open the fingers, and g, and
release. the cop tube when it comes against a stop a³, secured to the table a, so that
the cop tube may be dropped from them through the hole in the table a.
-
The carriage 93, in this modification, as illustrated, is moved to and frò
from the punching position to the delivery position by a crank pin, (sec
Fig. 12) on the lower end of a short-shaft, having bearings in a suitable
bracket a,.secured to the table.
One end of a connecting rod, is jointed with the crank pin k, and the other
end with the carriage g. The connecting rod., is made in two parts so as to be
adjustable in length by means of slots in one part and a bolt or bolts.
The crank shaft 4, makes one half a revolution at a time, being rotated by a
helically toothed wheel &, that gears with a similar wheel 4, on the shaft b.
The disc part 2 of the helically toothed wheel is not toothed and is of less
breadth than the toothed part, and only parts of the circumference are toothed!
the other parts being a blank plain edge, or without teeth.
There are two notches 4, in the wheel, on opposite sides of it for the edge of
the narrow disc part of the wheel, to enter and hold the wheel from revolving
after each half revolution.
The wheel, has teeth enough to give half a revolution to the wheel, then
there is a space without teeth, and then teeth again to give the other half revolu
tion and then a long space without teeth which represents that part of the
revolution of the shaft 6, when the flattening and the punching of the cop tube
is being effected.
The extent of space without teeth in the wheel k³, corresponds to the dwell
or time.the carriage g³, is to remain stationary.
22:
The arrangement of fingers illustrated by Fig. 11 requires no cams to cause
them to open and close.
The spring, is of sufficient strength to restore the cop tubes to the circular
form after being flattened for punching, and the fingers open as the cop tube is
being flattened by the flattener, as it separates them against the pressure of the
spring, while the pressure of the flattener is upon the cop tube but the moment
the flattener begins to lift, the fingers are drawn towards each other by the spring
to restore-the, cop tube to its circular form, and then the carriage g³, moves the
fingers over the hole in the table and the fingers are opened as above explained to
release the cop tube.
The carriage, need only move a short distance, sufficient to be clear of the die'
plate 3, to bring the fingers over the hole in the table a, and the carriage g³, may
be actuated from a cam on the shaft b.
Cams may be substituted for the arms with bowls or wipers to act.upon bowls or
studs in the ends of the levers to be operated.
Two or more,cop tubes may be operated upon in the same machine by modifying
it so that it will have as many feeding hoppers, pairs of fingers and of flatteners
and punches as there are cop tubes to be operated upon at the same time, the same
cam and other mechanism being used for giving simultaneously movements to the
mechanism to be operated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is.
1. The making of perforated cop tubes by first flattening them after they have
been made in the ordinary manner and have been dried, and then punching the
holes in them substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The use of rollers for flattening cop tubes previously to being punched with
holes substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for flattening cop tubes
B

page_text: previously to being punched with holes substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by Fig. 1 of the drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of automatic, mechanism for punching
flattened cop tubes, fed by hand and discharging them when punched substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 2 to 4 of the drawings or as
modified as explained by reference to Fig. 5 of the drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of automatic mechanism for feeding,
flattening, punching and delivering cop tubes when punched, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by Figs. 6 to 10 and Fig. 13 of the drawings
and as modified as described in reference to Figs. 11 and 12 of the drawings..
6. The system or mode of automatically feeding the cop tubes to be operated
upon substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated by
the drawings.
7. The use of an instrument for pushing the lowest tube in a V hopper to the
punching and flattening mechanism substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the drawings.
8. The use of an instrument to flatten the cop tubes and hold them while being
punched substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
9. The combination of an instrument for flattening and holding the cop tube
with punches for punching holes through them substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the drawings.
10. The use of fingers ty, and g¹) or corresponding instruments which will present
and hold the cop tube to the flattener and punches and then restore it to the
circular form after it has been flattened and deliver it, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings.
11. The use of fingers (g and g') or corresponding instruments arranged to open
and close simultaneously substantially as and for the purpose herein before described
and illustrated by the drawings.
12. The combination of fingers (g, and g¹) or corresponding instruments for
manipulating cop tubes with an instrument or means for flattening and holding
them while being punched and with punches for punching holes in them, substan-
tially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
13. The combination and arrangement of mechanism substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 6 to 10 and Fig. 13 of
the drawings.
14. The combination and arrangement of mechanism substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described and illustrated by the drawings Figs. 1 to 9
and Fig. 13 when modified as described in reference to Figs. 11 and 12 of the
drawings.
Dated. this Twenty-ninth day of October 1891
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent..