IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR LOADING CARTRIDGE, SHELLS FOR SHOT GUNS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, THOMAS STEAD of Langham Hotel, London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR LOADING CARTRIDGE,
SHELLS FOR SHOT GUNS, a communication to me from abroad by Daniel Moore, of
436 Gates Avenue, Brooklyn, United States, to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines for loading cartridge shells for shot guns, and-
consists of a combination of devices comprised in one machine, whereby, a shot
cartridge shell composed wholly or in part of paper, may be capped, charged with
powder, the wad placed thereover, the shot placed thereon, the wad placed'
thereover, and the edge of the shell crimped thereover, so as to secure the powder,
shot and wads in their proper position within the shell. Also for expelling the
expended cap for re-loading the shell. In other words, this machine loader expels
the expended cap, re-caps, places the powder, shot, wads, and crimps the shell.
Several machines and devices for attaining a like result, for loading shells for
shot guns, have heretofore been used, but the devices are (with one or two
exceptions) composed of several detached or separate pieces, or machines, and are
inconvenient to operate, large and expensive.
The object of my invention is to produce a cheap, compact, small, machine that
combines within itself, all the functions of the heretofore used separate several
parts, or machines, for loading a cartridge shell.
To attain this object, I make use of the devices as shown in the drawings
accompanying this specification, and forming a part thereof, in which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my cartridge shell loader, the parts in position ready
for loading: A is the base, a the standard thereof, B the frame, or movable arm,
C the loading and crimping tube, D the cap expelling tube, E the capping tube,
f the yoke, g the crimper and capper, h the adjustable nut for regulating depth of
crimping the shell, i the washer acting as a set or stop to the nut h,j the swinging'
wad carrier, k the charger and rammer, the clasping band, m the spring, n, the cap.
expelling rod, o the yoke catch.
Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several views.

page_text: Fig. 3, is a detail top view of Fig. 1, showing the yoke f, and wad carrier j,
swung or turned, partially aside from over the tubes C, E.
Fig. 4, is a modification of Fig. 1, showing all the parts operating in combination
with a single tube.
Fig. 5, illustrates a crimper only.
The swinging arm B, attached to the standard a, at y, by means of a fulcrum
pin or hinge, is made to carry the hollow tubes C, D, E, (see Fig. 1) the upper
portion of these tubes may be made integral with the arm B, the top portion of
the tube D is partially closed, and through its opening receives the upper end of
the expelling rod n, secured thereto by the collar p, and nut q (see Fig. 2); and the
yoke f, and wad carrier j, which are pivoted to the top of the tube D, by means of
the upper end of the rod n, are also held in their proper positions by the nut q, and
collar p, and so fitted as to turn or swing thereon, as shown at 8, Fig. 2. The
tube C, is slotted on opposite sides as shown at t, and around the lower end of this
tube C, is a band 7, this band l, is divided so as to expand or contract by means of
a screw, taking into its extended arms, as shown at u, Figs 1-3-for the purpose
of contracting the tube at its lower end, so as to clasp the shell near its base, to
prevent its turning while the crimper is operated. The base piece A, is provided
at v, with an opening, around which, is a rise w, and also has an opening at x,
Fig. 2. The charger and rammer k, and crimper g, are carried by the yoke f, and
swing therewith; the hollow rammer k, is fitted so as to slide freely through the
yoke f, and the crimper g, is provided with a screw thread, taking into like threads
made in the yoke f, (see Fig. 2). The frame B, is provided with a spring m, which
is made of a loop-like form, the ends of which are secured to opposite sides of the
arm or frame B; the lower or looped end taking into a recess (or notch) cut into
the end of the base A, at z, Figs 1-2. This looped spring m, that in part holds
the frame to the base, also affords an upright support for the frame B, (which
carries the swinging portions of the machine) when brought to its normal position.
The machine may be secured to a table, or board, by screws passing through the
opening made in the base A, at a' a¹ a¹, Fig. 3; or by means of a screw on the base
piece as shown at r, Figa 4-5.
The manner of operating the loader, and the functions of the several parts are
as follows, viz: The position of the parts being as shown in Fig. 1, the spring m, is
drawn from out the notch z, and the frame B, turned on its hinge y, until it
attains a vertical position, as shown by dotted lines Fig. 1; the cartridge shell is
then inserted into the tube C, and secured therein by tightening the band 7, by
means of the screw at u, the frame B, is then returned to its normal position and
the powder charge poured into the shell through the hollow rammer k; the wad
carrier, is then swung aside, so as to place a wad therein, returned to its normal
position, and the rammer k, struck sufficiently hard to carry or force the wad down
upon the powder; the rammer k, is then drawn up to its former position as shown
in Fig. 1, and the shot poured through it into the shell, the wad carrier is again
swung outward, a wad placed therein, carried under the rammer, which, is again
struck, forcing the wad down upon the shot, the rammer is then drawn up, the
catch o,
is then pressed out of its notch o¹ (wherein it is held by the spring o
Fig. 2) and the yoke swung around, so as to bring the crimper g, over the tube C,
to which it is secured by the spring catch o, in the same manner as shown at
tube E, Fig. 2, and the crimper g, turned by its lever, until the shell is properly
crimped, which is regulated by the nut h; the cartridge being thus loaded, the
frame B, is raised again to a vertical position, the band 1, loosened, and 'the loaded
cartridge removed; another empty shell may then be inserted for a similar
operation.
The above operation is all that is required for loading shells which have not been
used, as such shells are always provided with caps. For re-loading shells, the old
shell must first be placed into the tube D, and the frame B, brought down, which
will cause the bottom of the shell, to strike upon the rise w, forcing the shell, up
the tube, until the point of the rod n, expels the expended cap through the

page_text: opening v; it is then removed from out the tube D, and placed in the tube E, base
(or bottom) upward, a new cap placed opposite the recess, and the crimper turned
down, the face of which takes upon the cap and forces it home in the shell
bottom recess.
In the construction of the modification as shown in Fig. 4, it will be noticed
that the frame B, is shortened, and carries but one tube, and that one section only
of the yoke f, is used, which section is attached to and turns upon a stud set upon
the rear end of the frame B, as shown at 8¹; on this stud 81 is also placed the wad
carrier j, which swings thereon, the yoke f' and wad carrier j, being secured
thereto, by the threaded nut q¹, and the thread end of the stud 81, also that the
crimper is made hollow so as to receive therein the hollow rammer k, the lower end
of which is made smaller than that shown in Figs 1-2; the crimper g, is threaded
on its outside, and takes into like threads made in the aperture made in the yoke f¹,
as shown in Fig. 4, and a thumb piece g', is provided to operate it, instead of the
lever as shown at g, Fig. 2. A capper and expeller piece n¹, is threaded at its
opposite section n¹¹, so as to take into the threaded end of the rammer as shown by
dotted lines Fig. 4. The manner of operating this single tube loader, Fig. 4, is as
follows: The machine being fastened to any table, board, or piece of wood, by
means of the screw r, the loop end of the spring m, is forced out of the notch <,
and the arm B, which swings upon its fulcrum as shown at y', turned to a vertical
position, the shell then inserted, and the band 7, tightened (by the screw at u) as
shown in Fig. 1, around the base of the shell; the frame arm B, then is brought to
its normal position, the powder passed through the hollow rammer, into the shell,
the wad carrier turned aside, a wad placed therein, carried under the rammer, and
forced down into the shell over the powder; the rammer then raised, the shot
poured into the shell through the rammer, the wad carrier again receives a wad,
which is carried under the rammer, and by it, forced down upon the shot, the
rammer is then again withdrawn, the crimper is then brought to act upon the edge
of the shell by screwing it down by means of the thumb piece g¹; during this
operation the expelling and re-capping device n¹, is not attached-and to expel an
expended cap, the piece n¹, is screwed into the end of the rammer, as shown by
dotted lines (Fig. 4), the shell placed within the tube, the rammer forced down so
as to expel the old cap through the opening 1. To re-cap, it is necessary to
reverse the piece n¹, in its position in the rammer, and reverse the position of the
shell, in the tube, bringing down thereon the rammer, pressing home the cap.
The single operation of crimping shell, may be done by the device as shown in
Fig. 5. The crimper g, being held by a single yoke firmly secured to the tube,
carried by the frame B, attached to the bracket a, at y, fastened and sustained by
the spring m.
בד

page_text: Shot Guns.
I, THOMAS STEAD of Langham Hotel, London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad by Daniel Moore of
436 Gates Avenue, Brooklyn, United States, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention consists of a combination of devices comprised in one machine,
whereby a shot cartridge shell composed wholly or in part of paper, may be capped,
charged with powder, the wad placed thereover, the shot placed thereon, the wad
placed thereover, and the edge of the shell crimped thereover, so as to secure the
powder, shot and wads in their proper position within the shell. Also for expelling
the expended cap for re-loading the shell; in other words, this machine loader
expels the expended cap, re-caps, places the powder, shot, wads, and crimps the
shell.
Several machines and devices for attaining a like result, for loading shells
for shot guns, have heretofore been used, but the devices are (with one or two
exceptions) composed of several detached or separate pieces, or machines, and are
inconvenient, to operate, large and expensive.
The object of my invention is to produce a cheap, compact, small, machine that
combines within itself all the functions of the heretofore used separate several parts
or machines, for loading a cartridge shell.
To attain this object, I make use of the devices as shown in the drawings filed
with the provisional specification, and forming a part thereof, in which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my cartridge shell-loader, the parts in position ready
for loading: A is the base, a the standard thereof, B the frame, or movable arm,
C the loading and crimping tube, D the cap. expelling. tube, E the capping tube,
f the yoke, g the crimper and capper, h the adjustable nut for regulating depth of
crimping the shell, i the washer acting as a set or stop to the nut h, j the swinging
wad carrier, k the charger and rammer, the clasping band, m the spring, n the cap
expelling rod, o the yoke catch.
Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several views.
Fig. 2 is a central sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a detail top view of Fig. 1, showing the yoke f, and the wad carrier j,
swung or turned, partially aside from over the tubes C. E.
Fig. 4 is a modification of Fig. 1, showing all the parts operating in combination
with a single tube.
Fig. 5 illustrates a crimper only.
The swinging arm B, attached to the standard a at y, by means of a fulcrum pin
or hinge, is made to carry the hollow tubes C, D, E, (see Fig. 1) the upper portion
of these tubes may be made integral with the arm B, the top portion of the tube D
is partially closed, and through its opening receives the upper end of the expelling
rod n secured thereto by the collar p, and nut g; (see Fig. 2) and the yoke f and

page_text: wad carrier j, which are pivoted to the top of the tube D, by means of the
upper end of the rod n are also held in their proper positions by the nut q and
collar p and so fitted as to turn or swing thereon, as shown at 8, Fig. 2. The
tube C is slotted on opposite sides as shown at t, and around the lower end of this
tube C is a band ; this band is divided so as to expand or contract by means of
a screw, taking into its extended arms, as shown at u, Figs. 1-3, for the purpose
of contracting the tube at its lower end, so as to clasp the shell near its base, to
prevent its turning while the crimper is operated. The chase piece A is provided
at v with an opening, around which is a rise w, and also has an opening at x Fig. 2.
The charger and rammer k and crimper g are carried by the yoke f and swing
therewith; the hollow rammer k is fitted so as to slide freely through the yoke f,
and the crimper g is provided with a screw thread taking into like threads made
in the yoke f, (see Fig. 2). The frame B is provided with a spring m, which is
made of a loop-like form, the ends of which are secured to opposite sides of the arm
or frame B; the lower or looped end taking into a recess (or notch) cut into the
end of the base A, at 2, Figs. 1-2. This looped spring m, that in part holds the
frame to the base, also affords an upright support for the frame B, (which carries
the swinging portions of the machine) when brought to its normal position.
The machine may be secured to a table or board by screws passing through the
opening made in the base A, at a¹ a¹ a¹ Fig. 3; or by means of a screw on the base
piece as shown at r, Figs. 4-5.
The manner of operating the loader and the functions of the several parts are
as follows, viz: The position of the parts being as shown in Fig. 1, the spring m is
drawn from out the notch z and the frame B turned on its hinge y, until it attains
a vertical position, as shown by dotted lines Fig. 1; the cartridge shell is then
inserted into the tube C and secured therein by tightening the band 7 by means
of the screw at u, the frame B is then returned to its normal position and the
powder charge poured into the shell through the hollow rammer k, the wad carrier j
is then swung aside so as to place a wad therein, returned to its normal position,
and the rammer k struck sufficiently hard to carry or force the wad down upon the
powder; the rammer k is then drawn up to its former position as shown in Fig. 1
and the shot poured through it into the shell, the wad carrier is again swung out-
ward, a wad placed therein, carried under the rammer, which is again struck,
forcing the wad down upon the shot; the rammer is then drawn up; the catch o is
then pressed out of its notch o' (wherein it is held by the spring o" Fig. 2)-—and
the yoke swung around, so as to bring the crimper g over the tube C, to which it
is secured by the spring catch o in the same manner as shown at tube E, Fig. 2,
and the crimper g turned by its lever, until the shell is properly crimped, which is
regulated by the nut h; the cartridge being thus loaded, the frame B is raised again
to a vertical position, the band loosened, and the loaded cartridge removed;
another empty shell may then be inserted for a similar operation.
The above operation is all that is required for loading shells which have not been
used, as such shells are always provided with caps. For re-loading shells, the old
shell must first be placed into the tube D, and the frame B, brought down, which
will cause the bottom of the shell to strike upon the rise w, forcing the shell up the
tube, until the point of the rod n expels the expended cap through the opening v;
it is then removed from out the tube D and placed in the tube E, base (or bottom)
upward, a new cap placed opposite the recess, and the crimper turned down, the
face of which takes upon the cap and forces it home in the shell bottom recess.
In the construction of the modification. as shown in Fig. 4, it will be noticed that
the frame B is shortened and carries but one tube, and that one section only of the
yoke fis used, which section is attached to and turns upon a stud set upon the
rear end of the frame B, as shown at 81; on this stud & is also placed the wad
carrier j, which swings thereon, the yoke fl and wad carrier j, being secured
thereto by the threaded nut g¹, and the thread end of the stud s¹, also that the
crimper is made hollow so as to receive therein the hollow rammer k, the lower end
of which is made smaller than that shown in Figs. 1-2; the crimper g is threaded
113

page_text: on its outside and takes into like threads made in the aperture made in the
yoke f¹, as shown (in Fig. 4), and a thumb piece g¹ is provided to operate it,
instead of the lever as shown at g, Fig. 2. A capper and expeller piece n¹ is
threaded at its opposite section 11, so as to take into the threaded end of the
rammer as shown by dotted lines Fig. 4. The manner of operating this single
tube loader, Fig. 4 is as follows: The machine being fastened to any table, board or
piece of wood, by means of the screw r, the loop end of the spring m is forced out
of the notch z, and the arm B, which swings upon its fulcrum as shown at y',
turned to a vertical position, the shell then inserted, and the band 7 tightened (by
the screw at u) as shown in Fig. 1, around the base of the shell; the frame arm b
then is brought to its normal position, the powder passed through the hollow rammer,
into the shell, the wad carrier turned aside, a wad placed therein, carried under
the rammer and forced down into the shell over the powder; the rammer then
raised, the shot poured into the shell through the rammer, the wad carrier again
receives a wad, which is carried under the rammer, and by it, forced down upon the
shot, the rammer is then again withdrawn, the crimper is then brought to act upon
the edge of the shell by screwing it down by means of the thumb piece g¹; during
this operation the expelling and re-capping device n¹ is not attached-and to expel
an expended cap, the picce n¹ is screwed into the end of the rammer, as shown by
dotted lines (Fig. 4), the shell placed within the tube, the rammer forced down so
as to expel the old cap through the opening x¹. To re-cap, it is necessary to
reverse the piece n¹, in its position in the rammer and reverse the position of the
shell in the tube, bringing down thereon the rammer, pressing home the cap.
The single operation of crimping shell may be done by the device as shown in
Fig. 5. The crimper g, being held by a single yoke firmly secured to the tube
carried by the frame B, attached to the bracket a, at y, fastened and sustained by
the spring m.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1.) In a cartridge loading machine, in combination, the base A, with its
standard a, frame B, tubes C, D, E, yoke f, crimper and capper g, rammer k, wad
carrier j, cap-expelling rod n, contracting and expanding band and spring m, con-
structed and operating substantially as described and shown, and for the purposes
set forth.
2.) In a cartridge loading machine, in combination, the split tube C, provided at
its lower section with an expanding and contracting band 1, rammer k, yoke f
and wad carrier ;, substantially as described and shown and for for the purposes
specified.
3.) In a cartridge loading machine, a swinging frame or lever attached to a
standard or bracket by a fulcrum pin or hinge, adapted to carry and hold one or
more tubes for holding cartridge shells, substantially as described and shown and
for the purposes set forth.
4.) In a cartridge loading machine, a tubular rammer, constructed with an
annular projecting base piece and mouth shaped-head, so as to operate as a
charger and as a rammer, substantially as described and shown and for the
purposes set forth.