A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING ALCOHOL, OR FOR SEPARATING from Hans
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, E. C., Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING ALCOHOL, OR FOR SEPARATING
from Hans: Reston
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the snid Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 13th April 1857.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E. C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING ALCOHOL, OR FOR
SEPARATING ESSENTIAL OILS THEREFROM," (communicated to me by Henri Breton,
a foreigner, residing abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in treating or exposing alcohols to a fatty body,
whereby the essential oils contained in them, having a greater affinity for
fatty bodies than for the alcohols, and being more soluble in them, become
separated from the alcohol and retained by the fatty body.
The alcohols may be agitated with a thin fatty body, and separated after
rest by decantation or otherwise. If not completely disinfected at one opera-
tion, the alcohols may be subjected several times to the same treatment.
The Inventor finds it most preferable, however, to impregnate a layer or
body of wool or woollen cloth with the fatty body, and to pass the alchohol
through it. Care should be taken to use such fatty bodies as are the least
soluble in alcohol, and the most free from smell and taste. The process will

page_text: be assisted, where the alcohols are acid, by first neutralizing the acidity by
means of calcined magnesia or other alkali.
The apparatus consists of a cylinder containing several filtering or dis-
infecting discs, each composed of a layer or thickness of wool, woollen cloth,
or other suitable fibrous material, held between two perforated plates; the
material extends beyond the edges of the plates so as to fit tightly against
the inner surface of the cylinder, and the fibrous materials are saturated with
some fatty body. Or a cloth impregnated with a fatty body is rolled upon a
mandril, so as just to fit into a cylinder; a perforated plate is screwed both at
top and bottom upon the ends of the mandril, between which plates the cloth
can be compressed at will, and over these plates there is a layer of wire gauze.
The cylinder is then closed at top and bottom by covers, in each of which
there is a pipe for inflow and outflow. Alcohol in a cold state is admitted or
forced into and through the apparatus, the contents of which are also cool.
The cylinder should be provided with gudgeons, upon which it can be made
to turn, in order to allow of the cleansing and revivifying of the filtering cloth.
The volatile oils imbibed or taken up by the fatty body may be driven off
by boiling the cloth or fibrous substance in a solution of sea salt, at a tem-
perature rather above 212° Fahrenheit; or the disinfecting filters may be
revivified by forcing into them currents of steam, which should be introduced
into the cylinder at the end opposite to that at which the alcohol flowed out.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, E. C.,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United

page_text: Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "A METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING ALCOHOL,
OR FOR SEPARATING ESSENTIAL OILS THEREFROM," (a communication from Ilenri
Breton, a foreign, residing abroad,) upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in treating alcohols with or exposing them to
the action of a fatty body, whereby the essential oils contained in them, having
a greater affinity for fatty bodies than for the alcohols, and being more soluble
in them, become separated from the alcohols and retained by the fatty body.
The alcohols may be agitated with a thin fatty body, and separated after rest
by decantation or otherwise. If not completely disinfected at one operation,
the alcohols may be subjected several times to the same treatment. The
Inventor finds it most preferable, however, to impregnate a layer or body
of wool or woollen cloth with the fatty body, and to pass the alcohol through
it. Porous stone or other suitable material may, however, be employed.
Care should be taken to use such fatty bodies as are the least soluble in alcohol,
and the most free from smell and taste. The process will be assisted, where
the alcohols are acid, by first neutralizing the acidity by means of calcined
magnesia or other alkali.
The apparatus consists of a cylinder containing several filtering or dis-
infecting discs, each composed of a layer or thickness of wool, woollen cloth,
or other suitable fibrous material, held between two perforated plates; the
material extends beyond the edges of the plates so as to fit tightly against the
inner surface of the cylinder, and the fibrous materials are saturated with some
fatty body. Or a cloth impregnated with a fatty body is rolled upon a mandril,
so as just to fit into a cylinder; a perforated plate is screwed both at top and
bottom upon the ends of the mandril, between which plates the cloth can
be compressed at will, and over these plates there is a layer of wire gauze. The
cylinder is then closed at top and bottom by covers, in each of which there is a

page_text: pipe for inflow and outflow. Alcohol in a cold state is admitted or forced into
and through the apparatus, the contents of which are also cool. The cylinder
should be provided with gudgeons, upon which it can be made to turn, in order
to allow of the cleansing and revivifying of the filtering cloth. The volatilo
oils imbibed or taken up by the fatty body may be driven off by boiling
the cloth or fibrous substance in a solution of sea salt, at a temperature rather
above 212° Fahrenheit; or the disinfecting filters may be revivified by forcing
into them currents of steam, which should be introduced into the cylinder
at the end opposite to that at which the alcohol flowed out..
The Drawings hereunto annexed represent an apparatus suitable for being
employed in carrying the Invention into effect, Figure 1 being a vertical
section, and Figure 2 a horizontal section of the same.
.
a is a metallic cylinder, closed by two curved ends b, c, in which are fitted
the pipes & and e respectively. Within this case is placed a cloth impregnated
with oil or other similar substance, and rolled upon a mandril f. This cloth
fits tightly in the case a. A plato or disc perforated with holes g is screwed on
to each end of the mandril, and may be tightened so as to compress the cloth
when required. An enlarged section of a piece of this plate is shown in
Figure 3. Upon each of these plates or discs a piece of wire gauze is placed,
in order to spread the alcohol uniformly over the ends of the cloth. The sides
of the cylinder are provided with gudgeons or spindles h, upon which it may be
turned over when steam is passed through the filter, or when the filter is
otherwise renovated.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner tho same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the treating of alcohols with or the exposing of alcohols to the action
of a fatty body, whereby the essential oils contained in them, having a greater
affinity for fatty bodies than for the alcohols, and being more soluble in them,
become separated from the alcohols, and retained by the fatty body.
Secondly, the several methods of and apparatus for applying fatty bodies to
the treatment of alcohol, as herein-before described.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have hereunto.
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven.