IMPROVEMENTS IN GEARING OR APPARATUS FOR DRIVING SCRAPERS EMPLOYED IN CLEANSING THE FLUES AND TUBES OF BOILERS AND HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Green, of Wakefield, in the County of York,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GEARING OR APPARATUS
FOR DRIVING SCRAPERS EMPLOYED IN CLEANSING THE FLUES AND TUBES OF
BOILERS AND HEATING APPARATUS."
Sealed the 22nd February 1867, and dated the 25th August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Green at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th August 1866.
I, EDWARD GREEN, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GEARING
OR APPARATUS FOR DRIVING SCRAPERS EMPLOYED IN CLEANSING THE FLUES AND
TUBES OF BOILERS AND HEATING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates chiefly to the scrapers used in what are known as
"fuel economizers" for keeping the surface of the pipes of the economizers
clean and free from soot and other deposit; these scrapers are ordinarily
worked by chains passed over pulleys formed with a V groove.
My Invention consists, first, in the employment of one reversing motion for
several pulleys, round. which the scraper chains pass, such pulleys being driven

page_text: by screws or other gearing; secondly, in obtaining a reciprocating motion by
means of a positive motion from the gearing and arms connected therewith;
thirdly, in means of altering the length of traverse; fourthly, in fitting the
worm wheels or other driving gear loosely upon the shafts of the V pulleys,
so that they may be fastened thereon at pleasure, or any one or more of them
thrown out of gear; and, fifthly, in removing the weight from the driving
clutch box and gearing when the clutch box is getting just into gear, and
reversing by means of a slot in the pulleys, all as hereafter described. Upon
a shaft, on which is mounted a pulley driven from the engine or otherwise, I
fit by means of a feather or key a sliding clutch box, which drives a pair of
bevil pinions mounted thereon; these pinions drive a bevel wheel on the end
of a shaft formed at intervals with worms to gear into and drive worm wheels;
these worm wheels are mounted loose upon and drive the shafts of each of
the V pulleys round which the scraper chains pass. The worm wheels or
other gearing are mounted loosely upon the shafts and the V pulleys, but each
is fastened when required by means of a set screw passed through a slot
hereafter referred to in the pulley. The chains thus receive motion for
working the scrapers; but in order to convert this motion of the chains into a
reciprocating motion I adopt the following arrangement:-I cause one of the
worm wheels, by preference that next the bevil wheel, to gear into a pinion
on a worm shaft, the worm of which drives an idle worm wheel, and this in
its turn gears into and drives another wheel working on a stud; on this stud
or centre 1 place a pair of arms, the position of which is adjustable by
means of a set screw and slot hole, to allow these arms to be set to any
position with the object of altering the length of traverse of the chains; as
these arms move round,, one of them at the proper time comes against a knock-
over lever, which is pivoted at its lower end, while its upper end is by
preference weighted; when this lever is carried by the arm past its centre, it
falls by its own weight into the opposite position to that it before occupied,
and in so falling it moves the clutch box, and thereby reverses the motion.
By removing any one of the set screws which fasten the V pulleys no further
motion will be given to the particular pulley, as the worm wheel or other
gearing would then run idle; this pulley may then be repaired without
stopping the others, and a handle may be fitted to the square end of its shaft,
to allow of the scraper or scrapers connected therewith being worked by hand.
When the clutch box is getting just into gear and reversing the weight
is thrown off it by means of the slots before referred to allowing the
worm wheels to travel a certain distance without driving the V pulleys and
chains

page_text: Sometimes instead of the arrangement of reversing gearing herein-before
described I employ other well-known motions, and in this case, as the V
pulleys and scrapers stand for a short time when the reversing is taking place,
owing to the driving set screws working in the slots before described, the
weight is thrown off the main driving gearing when reversing is taking
place. I do not, however, claim the employment of other motions for giving
the reciprocating motion, except when used in conjunction with two or more
sets of pulleys and the set screws and slots and disconnecting wheels, as herein-
before explained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Green in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th February 1867.
;
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GREEN, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign.
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Edward Green, Her special licence that I, the said Edward Green, my
executors, administrators, and. assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Green, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use;
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GEARING OR APPARATUS FOR DRIVING SCRAPERS EMPLOYED IN CLEANSING
THE FLUES AND TUBES OF BOILERS AND HEATING APPARATUS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Edward Green, my executors or ad-
ministrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Green, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say
.
My Invention relates chiefly to the scrapers used in what are known as
"fuel economizers," for keeping the surface of the pipes of the economizers
clean and free from soot and other deposit. These scrapers are ordinarily
worked by chains passed over pulleys formed with a V groove.
My Invention consists, first, in the employment of one reversing motion
for several pulleys, round which the scraper chains pass, such pulleys being
driven by worms or other gearing.
Secondly, in obtaining a reciprocating motion by means of a positive
motion from the gearing and arms connected therewith.
Thirdly, in means of altering the length of traverse.
Fourthly, in fitting the worm wheels or other driving gear loosely upon
the shafts of the V pulleys, so that they may be fastened thereon at pleasure,
or any one or more of them thrown out of gear.
And, fifthly, in removing the weight from the driving clutch box and gearing
when the clutch box is getting just into gear and reversing by means of a
slot in the pulleys, all as hereafter described.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a plan; Figure 2 a side
elevation; and Figure 3 an end elevation representing my improvements.
Upon a shaft a, on which is mounted a pulley 6 driven from the engine or
otherwise, I fit by means of a feather or key a sliding clutch box c, which
drives a pair of bevil pinions d, e, mounted thereon. These pinions, drive
a bevil wheelf on the end of a shaft g formed at intervals with worms h
to gear into and drive worm wheels i; these worm wheels are mounted.
loosely upon and drive the shafts j of the V pulleys k, round which the
scraper chains pass. The worm wheels or other gearing are mounted
loosely upon the shafts of the V pulleys k, but each is fastened when required
by means of a set screw m passed through a slot n in the pulley. The chains/
thus receive motion for working the scrapers; but in order to convert this
positive motion of the chains into a reciprocating motion I adopt the
following arrangement: -I cause one of the worm wheels i, by preference
that next the bevil wheel f, to gear, as shewn, into a pinion o on a worm
shaft p, the worm g of which drives an idle worm wheel r, and this in its
On this
turn gears into and drives another wheels working on a stud t.
stud or centre I place a pair of arms t, u, the position of which is adjustable
by means of a set screw and slot hole v, to allow these armis u, u, to be set
to any position with the object of altering the length of traverse of the

page_text: chains . As these arms u, u, move round, one of them at the proper time
comes against a knock-over lever w, which is pivoted at its lower end, while
its upper end is by preference weighted. When this lever is carried by the
arm u past its centre, it falls by its own weight into the opposite position to
that it before occupied, and in so falling it moves the clutch box c, and thereby
reverses the motion. By removing any one of the set screws m which fasten
the V pulleys k, no further motion will be given to the particular pulley, as
its worm wheel i or other gearing would then run idle; this pulley may then
be repaired without stopping the others, and a handle may be fitted to the
square end of its shaft, to allow of the scraper or scrapers connected there-
with being worked by hand. When the clutch box c is getting just into.
gear and reversing, the weight is thrown off it by means of the slots n allowing
the worm wheels i to travel a certain distance without driving the V pulleys k
and chains .. Sometimes instead of the arrangement of reversing gearing
berein-before described I employ other well-known motions, and in this case
as the V pulleysk and scrapers stand for a short time when the reversing is
taking place, owing to the driving set screws m working in the slots n before
described, the weight is thrown off the main driving gearing when reversing
is taking place. I do not, however, claim the employment of other motions
for giving the reciprocating motion, except when used in conjunction with two
or more sets of pulleys and the set screws and slots and disconnecting wheels,
as herein-before explained.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my "Improve-
ments in Gearing or Apparatus for Driving Scrapers employed in Cleansing
the Flues and Tubes of Boilers and Heating Apparatus,"--
First, the employment of one reversing motion for several pulleys, round
which the scraper chains pass, substantially as herein-before described and
represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, obtaining a reciprocating motion by means of a positive motion
from the gearing and arms connected therewith, substantially as herein-before
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Third, the means of altering the length of traverse of the chains, sub-
stantially as herein-before described and represented in the accompanying
Drawings.
Fourth, fitting the worm wheels or driving gear loosely upon the shafts of
the chain pulleys, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described
and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Fifth, removing the weight from the clutch box and gearing when the

page_text: clutch box is just getting into gear and reversing, substantially, by the
means herein-before described and represented in the accompanying
Drawings.
Sixth, the combination of a reversing or reciprocating motion of two or
more pulleys, set screws, and slots, and disconnecting wheels, substantially
as herein-before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Green, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this. Twenty-second day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.