Improvements in Apparatus for Armouring or Spirally Winding. Wire on Tubes or Hose.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1889-Accepted, 6th July, 1839
Improvements in Apparatus for Armouring or Spirally Winding.
Wire on Tubes or Hose.
I JOHN COCKBURN, Assistant Manager to the North British Rubber Company
(Limited) Castle Mills, Edinburgh, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention which relates to the spirally winding of wire on tubes or hose of
india rubber or other material so as to protect and strengthen or "armour" them has
for its object in effecting the winding operation to at the same time eradicate the
natural tendency of the. wire to spring or loosen its hold upon the tube or hose and to
ensure that the same shall be tightly bound so that any strain shall be received and
borne by the wire as well as by the material constituting the tube or hose. To that
end the winding of the wire on the hose or tube is under this Invention effected by
the apparatus illustrated by the four figures on the accompanying drawings, and
consisting of a lathe to the head a of which a mandril is secured so as to be rotated
with it.
The hose or tube b to be covered or armoured is placed upon the said mandril and
these are supported at suitable distances throughout their lengths on rollers c carried
in bearing blocks which are adjustable longitudinally upon the bed plate d of the lathe.
The wire to be wound upon the hose or tube b is first passed through an eye e in the
winding tool fand the free end of the wire is then fastened to the head a of the lathe.
The winding tool which is illustrated on a larger scale by figures 2, 3 and 4 consists of
two jaws hinged to each other at g the jaws being held in position on the tube or hose
by a strap or band h. At the part through which the tube b passes each jaw has
secured in it a box shaped steel guide i the edges ¹ of which where they bear. against
the tube have a series of suitable indentations for receiving the wire and varying in
size with the size thereof. . The distance between the indentations in the length of
the guides regulates the distance between the individual coils spirally of the wire.
The other edges of the guides bear upon the coils and they are so shaped as to
burnish and elongate the skin or outer fibre of the wire as the tube rotates and the
winding tool feeds along.
The above operation being an equivalent of wire drawing, the outer fibre of the
wire the wire in effect receives a greater curvature than the hose or tube on which it
is spun and any tendency in the spiral to spring or loosen upon the hose or tube is
thereby prevented the coil remaining tightly bound around and in a condition to take
up strain and thus strengthen the tube against internal pressure, and also to protect
the outside surface thereof.
In practising the Invention it is preferred to employ wire of semi-circular cross.
section the flat part being laid against the tube or hose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In armouring or protecting and in strengthening tubes or hose with wire, the
combination of a lathe, a mandril and a winding tool the latter constructed
substantially as set forth.
2. In armouring or protecting and in strengthening tubes or hose with wire the
use of a winding tool having guides with edges so formed as to regulate the width

page_text: between the coils of the spiral and to burnish or elongate the outer fibre and surface
of the wire substantially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to the
drawings annexed.
Dated this Ninth day of May 1889
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.