IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO ROLLER MILLS FOR GRANULATING GRINDING OR CRUSHING GRAIN OR OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emile Fiechter of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
"
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO ROLLER MILLS
FOR GRANULATING GRINDING OR CRUSHING GRAIN OR OTHER SUBSTANCES
a communication to him from abroad from the firm of J. Weber and C°
of Uster in the Republic of Switzerland
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emile Fiechter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th October 1882.
EMILE FIECHTER of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO ROLLER MILLS FOR GRANULATING GRINDING OR CRUSHING
GRAIN OR OTHER SUBSTANCES."-A communication to me from abroad from the
firm of J. Weber and Co, of Uster in the Republic of Switzerland,
These improvements consist 1st in arranging the bearings of the movable or
sliding roller or rollers in such manner that while guided laterally they shall be
able to freely turn on their vertical centre lines with any angular alterations of
the roller shaft. Thus if one spring be stronger than the other or a piece of iron
gets in between the rolls on one side there is a great tendency for the movable
roller to stand at a slight angle with the stationary one.
In the case of ordinary sliding bearings this angularity causes the roller shaft
to bear with severe strain upon the sides of the bearings unequally involving
much wear and friction. By my invention however instead of the whole
bearing being guided laterally in its slide only two pivots one above and one
below are
so guided and consequently while the bearing has a translation
movement in one direction only as heretofore it can turn on its axis to accommodate
itself to the varying angular direction of the shaft.
My mode of carrying this out is to form two slide blocks working in case
hardened slides one above the other below the bearing and on the vertical centre
line of the bearing I place two pivots turning respectively in holes in these slides.
The faces of these slide blocks or of the slides are flat and smooth so as to give
large bearing surface for the bearings to freely turn upon them.
2 In place of the spring pressing against the bearing I cause it to bear

page_text: against a block (recessed round for the spring) having a rounded face bearing on
the horizontal centro line of the bearing. This obliges the spring to bear
exactly in the centre and any angularity of the bearing does not effect the said
spring.
3rd The minimum distance between the two rolls is regulated by set screws or
their equivalent in the frame bearing against the bearings of the movable roll as
heretofore and the spring can be adjusted to any required pressure as heretofore
by a screw. Instead of the lever bearing against a shackle pulling on the movable
bearing I use the following arrangement. The lever presses against the inovable
bearing between it and the stationary bearing by means of a pin placed as near
the centre line of the bearing as possible and for this purpose said lever is placed
nearer the centre of the machine. By this means I am enabled to employ a much
longer lever and thus have increased power while at the same time the pressure
being applied to the bearing on or as near as possible to its centre line. I am enabled
to put a stronger pressure on the bearing without having the tendency of causing
it to bind on the slides as is the case when the springs press on one side and the
lever below, the two in such case forming a "mechanical couple."

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Emile Ficchter in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th April
1883.
EMILE FIECHTER of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO ROLLER MILLS FOR GRANULATING, GRINDING, OR CRUSHING
GRAIN OR OTHER SUBSTANCES "-a communication to me from abroad from the firm
of J. Weber and Co., of Uster in the republic of Switzerland.
These improvements consist 1st in arranging the bearings of the movable or
sliding roller or rollers in such manner, that while guided laterally they shall be
able to freely turn on their vertical centre lines with any angular alteration of the
roller shaft. Thus if one spring be stronger than the other, or a piece of iron gots
in between the rolls on one side, there is a great tendency for the movable roller to
stand at a slight angle with the stationary one.
In the case of ordinary sliding bearings this angularity causes the roller shaft to
bear with severe strain upon the sides of the bearings unequally, involving much
wear and friction. By my invention however instead of the whole bearing being
guided laterally in its slide, only two pivots one above and one below, are so
guided and consequently while the bearing has a translation movement in one
direction only as heretofore, it can turn on its axis to accommodate itself to the
varying angular direction of the shaft.
The invention is best described by aid of the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is an end elevation, and Fig. 2 a sectional side elevation (through line of
Fig. 1) of my apparatus In these A. A are the bearings of the movable roll. To theso
are cast or fixed, in any desirable manner, above and below in the central axis of
the bearing, the bosses or pins B carrying slide blocks C working between two
(longitudinal) smooth case hardened guides or faces D in the slides J. The faces of
both guides and slide blocks are flat and smooth so as to give a large bearing
surface and by this means the free play of the rolls in a horizontal direction is
obtained. E is a volute spring and F a steel "lens" or rounded pressing piece for
taking the pressure of the usual screw and hand-wheel M, shown in the drawing.
These being all arranged in the horizontal axis of the bearing bring the pressure to
bear directly on the centre of the bearing, even when the latter is running rather
obliquely. G is a lever bearing on a pin H, which should be placed as nearly as
practicable in the centre line of the bearing A and rounded at ends. The lever G
is regulated by the screw Land by the eccentric N, worked by the handle P,
which is held in place by set screw R and quadrant S, or by a spring catch and
rack or their mechanical equivalents, I prefer the arrangement as depicted.
The distance regulating mechanism bearing as above described directly on the
side of the bearing near the centre line instead of underneath it as formerly, there
is less tendency of the bearing to turn round on its axis and thus to bind in the
slides J. By this means I am enabled to employ a much longer lever and thus
have increased power, while at the same time the pressure being applied to the
bearing on or as near as possible to its centre line I am enabled to put a stronger
pressure on the bearing without having the tendency of causing it to bind on the
slides, as is the case when the springs press on one side and the lever below, the
two in such case forming a mechanical couple.
K is a safety screw working against the bearing on its vertical centre line above
the pin H or in any suitable position or positions if there be more than one such
safety screw. These screws regulate the minimum distance apart of bearing A of
the movable roll, and the bearing T of the stationary roll, so as to keep them from
:

page_text: touching each other. U is a lubricating wooden roller having springs not shown in
the drawings pressing upward against its bearing and keeping it pressed against
the shaft.
Having now described my invention and the best mode known to me of carrying
it into effect I wish it to be understood that what I claim as new under the Letters
Patent is:
The manufacture of roller mills and their adjuncts for grinding, crushing or
granulating grain, or other substances, arranged substantially as herein described
and illustrated, and especially the arrangement by which the bearings of the
movable roll while held in guides, so as to be only capable of motion of translation
in one direction, are yet free to turn on their respective central axes, so as to permit
the movable roll to stand obliquely with the other roll and yet have its bearings
truly parallel to itself. Secondly the combination of mechanism by which the
pressure is brought upon the movable bearing to draw it apart from the other.'
In witness whereof I the said Emile Fiechter have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty fifth day of April in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.