Improvements in Expanding and Contracting Chucks.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1897
Improvements in Expanding and Contracting Chucks.
We, WILLIAM ALFRED ELLISTON, Doctor of Medicine of Stoke Hall, Ipswich,
and CHARLES JAMES JONES, Electro-plater, of 34 Friars Street, Ipswich, both
in the County of Suffolk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved method of securing diametrical adjustability
in lathe or machine chucks for holding work, to be operated upon, whether by
internal or external surface contact or pressure.
The essential feature of our invention consists in the use of a sleeve of any suitable
metal or material, provided with a series of axial saw-cuts or incisions arranged
alternately from opposite ends of the sleeve in a straight or spiral direction but not
reaching the whole length of the sleeve, in such a mauner as to form a continuous
zig-zag strip of metal or material of uniform width from end to end of said sleeve
for the purpose of securing diametrical adjustability or contraction or expansion of
its circumference according as it may be designed for holding work by its internal
or external circumferential surface.
We form the said sleeve with a parallel bore and tapered exterior for holding
work by contraction of its internal circumference; and for holding by the expansion
of its external circumferential surface the exterior of the sleeve is formed parallel
and the bore tapered.
In each adaptation of the sleeve the tapered surface is preferably formed with a
screw thread to work respectively upon a tapered mandril or within a tapered
chuck, so that in one case the sleeve expands as it approaches the larger end of the
tapered mandril, and grips the work by expansion; while in the other case it grips
the work by contraction, as the sleeve is screwed or otherwise forced toward the
small end of the tapered hole in the chuck.
We do not confine ourselves necessarily to the use of a screw thread within the
bore or upon the exterior of the sleeve as a means for producing the expansion or
contraction thereof, for we may produce this effect by means of a smoothly tapered
maudril or chuck forced within or upon the contracting or expanding sleeve by
other suitable means.
We may form all the saw cuts or incisions upon the sleeve from one end,
thus permitting of the expansion or contraction of that end only, while we may
also provide the saw cuts or incisions with radial sides so as to permit of the maximum
contraction.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Expanding and Contracting Chucks.
We, WILLIAM ALFRED ELLISTON, of Stoke Hall, Ipswich, Doctor of
Medicine, and CHARLES JAMES JONES, of 34 Friars Street, Ipswich, Engineer,
both in the County of Suffolk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to an improved method of securing diametrical adjustability
in lathe or machine cbucks for holding work to be turned or operated upon whether
by internal or external surface contact or pressure.
The essential feature of our invention consists in the use of a chuck sleeve of any
suitable metal or material provided with a series of axial saw-cuts or incisions arranged
alternately from opposite ends of the sleeve in a straight or spiral direction, but
not reaching the whole length of the sleeve, in such a manner as to form a
continuous zig-zag strip of metal or material which may be of uniform width from
end to end of said sleeve for the purpose of securing diametrical adjustability or
contraction or expansion of its circumference according as it may be designed for
holding work by its internal or external circumferential surface.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figures 1 and 2 represent in side and end elevation respectively an adjustable
chuck sleeve suitable for holding work by external circumferential contact or
pressure.
Figure 3 represents in sectional elevation such chuck sleeve applied upon a
tapered mandril.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of chuck sleeve and holder as applied for
holding work by internal circumferential contact or pressure.
In carrying our invention into effect in accordance with Figures 1, 2, and 3 of
the drawings, we provide a chuck sleeve A with a uniform exterior circumference
and with axial saw-cuts or incisions B alternately from opposite ends of the chuck
sleeve. The bore of the chuck sleeve is formed tapered but provided with internal
screwed threads. The chuck sleeve is provided upon a tapered mandril C
likewise screwed so that upon the rotation of the mandril or chuck sleeve in
one direction, the circumference thereof is enlarged and its diameter maintained
practically uniform throughout its length by correspondence in the taper of the
internal screwed surface of the chuck sleeve and in the taper of the external
screwed surface of the mandril. It will be seen that the alternate saw-cuts or
incisions allow of the equal expansion or diametrical adjustment of each end of the
chuck sleeve so that the diameter or circumference thereof is maintained practically
uniform throughout its length. When the screwed sleeve has been adjusted to
bold the work by contact or pressure of its external surface with the internal
surface or bure of the piece to be operated upon, the mandril C is placed in position
upon the lathe or the machine. The mandril may be provided tapering at each
end upon which two adjustable chuck sleeves may be mounted. The chuck sleeves
may be made of uniform exterior diameter or stepped or tapered at each or either
end to suit particular requirements.
In carrying our invention into effect as illustrated in Figure 4 of the drawings
for the provision of our improved chuck sleeve for holding work by contact or
pressure upon the exterior surface of some integral part of the work to be
operated upon, we provide a sleeve holder D tapering inwardly and screwed, into
which holder the chuck sleeve E is introduced whose interior diameter is determined
by its position within the holder. The chuck sleeve E is provided with a corre-
sponding tapered and screwed surface for engagement with the screwed interior

page_text: surface of the holder while the alternate axial saw-cuts or incisions allow of equal
contraction or expansion of each end of such chuck sleeve depending upon the
position within the holder. The holder D is secured to the lathe or machine.
spindle or other part and a screwed internal thread F is provided for this
purpose.
We do not limit our invention necessarily to the use of a screwed thread within
the bore or upon the exterior of the adjustable chuck sleeve as means for producing
the expansion or contraction thereof, for we may produce this effect by means of
a smoothly tapered mandril or chuck holder forced within or upon the expanding
or contracting chuck sleeve by other suitable means. We may form all the
saw-cuts or incisions upon the chuck sleeve from one end, thus permitting of the
expansion or contraction of that end only while we may also provide the saw-cuts
or incisions with radial sides so as to permit of the maximum contraction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is-
1. An adjustable chuck sleeve having provided thereupon alternate axial or
other saw-cuts or incisions by means of which the diameter or circumference of the
chuck sleeve may be uniformly increased or diminished substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described.
2. An adjustable chuck sleeve having provided thereupon alternate axial or
other saw-cuts or incisions and a tapered interior surface through which a corre-
spondingly tapered mandril may be introduced to any desired extent for the
production of any desired uniform diameter of chuck sleeve to suit the diameter
or bore of the particular work to be operated upon substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described.
3. An adjustable chuck sleeve having provided thereupon alternate axial or
other saw-cuts or incisions and having a tapered exterior surface for the intro-
duction within a holder or outer sleeve to any desired extent for the production
of a uniform interior diameter of the sleeve to suit the diameter or dimensions of
the part of the piece to be operated upon substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
4. An adjustable chuck sleeve substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described in reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings.
5. An adjustable chuck sleeve substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described in reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
6. An adjustable chuck sleeve substantially as and for the purpose bereinbefore
described.
Deted this 14th day of December 1896.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.