other Substances and for Filling the same into Skins or similar Receptacles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1887
Complete Left, 24th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
other Substances and for Filling the same into Skins or similar
Receptacles.
1, FREDERICK WILLIAM FOLLOWS, of Gorton, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer
and Agricultural Implement Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to that class of machine in which the material to be
reduced is carried through a receptacle by means of an archimedean screw and
forced against a perforated plate, a revolving knife or cutting edge severing the
particles that have entered the perforations.
It is designed with the object of providing a machine in which the position of
the cutting knife may be adjusted without having to open or disarrange the
machine and which may be used for filling the meat into skins
receptacles.
or similar
In carrying out the invention the receiver or casing is constructed internally with
preferably parallel or approximately parallel sides for a certain distance to receive an
archimedean screw. The sides may be serrated or fluted to act upon the material
as it is passed along by the screw, at the outlet end is placed a perforated plate
preferably of thin steel sufficiently thin to be flexible and accommodate itself to
the pressure of the material against it. The screw is formed hollow and through
it runs a spindle or axle carrying at one end the knives or blades which rotate
against the face of the plate. This spindle passes through the centre of the steel
plate and is chased or cut with a screw thread at its outside end to receive an
adjusting nut and by means of this the relative positions of the perforated plate
and knife may be altered without disturbing or displacing any parts of the machine.
The knives or cutters are formed in the shape of a screw or propeller with the
cutting edges against the face of the perforated plate and at that side of it furthest
from the other screw, and sever the particles of meat as they project through the

page_text: plate also propel the minced or chopped meat forward. When intended for filling
a small pipe or tube may be inserted in the end upon which the skins will fit.
It will be obvious that the knives and exit propeller may be formed separately
and the knives placed to act at either or both sides of the perforated plate and
the propeller placed to force the minced meat out of the machine but from experi-
ments already made I prefer the arrangement hereinbefore described.
ה. בד
52
T11007
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester,
Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Chopping or Mincing Meat or
other Substances and for Filling the same into Skins or similar
Receptacles.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM FOLLOWs, of Gorton, in the County of Lancaster,"
Agricultural Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates chiefly to that class of machine in which the material to be
reduced is carried through a receptacle by means of a screw or worm and forced
against a perforated plate, a revolving knife or cutting edge severing the particles that
have entered the perforations.
It is designed with the object of providing a machine in which the position of the
cutting knife relative to the perforated plate inay be adjusted without having to open
or disarrange the machine; and in which the knife will be so constructed or arranged
that in addition to being used for chopping or mincing the machine may also by
removing the perforated plate and inserting a nozzle or filler be better adapted to be
used for filling the meat into skins or similar receptacles than the machine shown and
described in specification of patent No. 446 of 1884.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1. is a longitudinal elevation in section of machine constructed in accordance
with my invention, with the parts in position for cutting or mincing operation.
Fig. 2. plan of same.

page_text: Fig. 4 sectional elevation of machine with the parts in position for the operation of
filling the meat into skins.
Fig. 5. sectional elevation enlarged showing the loose filling nozzle in position.
Fig. 6. sectional elevation enlarged of the propelling screw, turning handle,
perforated plate, and scraping finger.
Fig. 7 elevation enlarged of knife, spindle and adjusting nut.
Figs. 8 and 9 front and end elevations of knife.
Figs. 10 and 11 side elevations of knife.
The casing or receiver A, of the apparatus is constructed in the usual way to
contain a forcing or dis-integrating screw and is provided with a hopper B through
which the meat or other substance is fed into the machine. Internally the casing A
is preferably made cylindrical or for the greater portion of its length with parallel
or approximately parallel sides and these are serrated or fluted or otherwise formed
with an uneven surface to act upon the substance as it is passed forward by the
screw.
It is preferably made in two parts hinged at a and fastened together when closed
by the thumb screw b. O, is a groove formed at the outlet end to secure a loose
filling nozzle when required for filling the skins. D, is the worm or screw which
passes the substance forward from the hopper B to the other or outlet end. It
may be formed either of a single, screw or of a double screw as shown. At the
outlet end is placed a perforated steel plate E fitted into a groove e in the casing A,
where it is held when the two parts of the casing are closed together, a feather or key,
top or bottom preventing it revolving with the screw and knife.
The worm or screw D is constructed hollow in the centre to carry a spindle F,
passing longitudinally through it. The spindle F has securely attached to i) at one
end a knife or blades G which rotate in close proximity to the surface of the stationery
perforated plate E. It is preferably secured to the spindle F by means of a pin i
passing down through the square end of the spindle F. This pin may be a little
loose in one of the holes and serve as a pivot about which the knife moves slightly so
as to adjust the cutting edges to the surface of the plate E. The spindle F passes
through a centre hole in the perforated plate E which forms a bearing for it at that
end and through the centre of the worm or screw D and is chased or cut with a screw
thread at its other end to receive an adjusting nut H. The handle I, fits onto a
square d outside the journal of the worm D projecting beyond the end of the square d
and is held in position by the screw nut H. By screwing up the nut H the spindle F
is drawn through the hollow of screw D and as it is screwed up more or less
tightly the relative positions of the perforated plate E and knife G may be altered
without disturbing or displacing any parts of the machine. The spindle F is made
with a square or other angular socket fitting into a corresponding shaped socket fl
in the interior of D so that the screw D the spindle F and the knife G will all
be turned together by the handle I irrespective of whether the nut H is tight
loose. The knife G is formed with two screw or spiral blades provided with
cutting edges g in a plane at right angles with its axis. The screw blades are
inclined as they recede from the cutting edges and form a propeller which fits into
the filling nozzle when it is inserted into the end of the casing A. The cutting
edges of the knife G rotate in close proximity to the perforated plate E and
sever the particles of meat as they protrude or project through the perforations of
plate E.
or
It is obvious that knives other than those fitted with or constructed as propellers
may be connected to revolve with the worm and be adjusted as herein before
described.
It will be seen that the substance is cut on the outside of the perforated plate E
after it has passed through the perforations therein. To prevent any gristle skin
or similar thing collecting on the inside of the plate and thus preventing a free
passage of the substance through the holes I place a small finger K with serrated non-
cutting edges, upon the end of the screw D and as it revolves removes any substance
clogging the perforations of the plate E.

page_text: When the machine is to be used for filling the minced meat into skins the perforated
plate E is removed from its groove e and a loose filling nozzle L inserted instead (see
Figs. 4 and 5). To remove the plate E the machine is opened the screw D and with
it the plate E lifted out. The screw nut H is then unscrewed and the spindle F
withdrawn the plate E is then removed, the spindle F reinserted and the nut H
screwed on again until the knife G is brought up close to the end of the screw D and
may then be replaced in the machine to carry on the filling operation. The screw 1)
and the propeller formed by the knife G forces the meat through the machine and
into the skin on the end of the nozzle. The filling nozzle L is preferably of the shape
shown made partly of cast iron and partly of tin plate. It is fitted at the end which
connects with the machine with a collar or shoulder M which fits into the groove C
formed in the end of the casing A of the machine. The collar or shoulder M is made
longer than the groove C so as to be of the same size as the grooves Cand e together,
in order to prevent the insertion of the filling nozzle into the machine unless the
perforated plate has been first removed. The filling nozzle L fits in as shown in
figs. 4 and 5.
It will be obvious that instead of the groove C the nozzle L may be provided with
a collar to fit into the groove e which would answer the saine purpose. And further
that the improvements hereinbefore described may be applied to machines such as
shown in the specification of Herberts patent No. 446 of 1884.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 wish it to be understood
that I do not claim the individual parts of the apparatus shown as I am well aware
that a worm, a perforated dise and revolving knives have been used in this class of
machine but 1 declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a chopping or mincing machine the hollow screw or worm in combination
with a spindle socketed therein so as to turn together and running longitudinally
through it having at one end a blade or knife which revolves in close proximity to
the face of a perforated plate and at the other a regulating nut by means of which the
relative position of the knife and perforated plate may be adjusted without interfering
with the other parts of the machine substantially as described.
2. In a chopping or mincing machine the combination with the casing A, of the
screw D, hollow in the centre, the perforated plate E, spindle F, knife G, and
nut H, with or without the loose filling nozzle L substantially as described.
3. A propeller knife for chopping or mincing machines having two cutting blades
in a plane at right angles to the axis of the knife the blades as they recede forming a
screw or spiral substantially as shown and for the purposes described.
4. A machine or apparatus that may be used either for chopping meat or filling into
skins constructed and arranged substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 22nd day of Falu 1988
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Bank Street, Manchester,
Patent Agents.