Improvements in or relating to Condensing Apparatus.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 28th June, 1899-Accepted, 29th July, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Condensing Apparatus.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM LUCAS, of 225, Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This invention relates to an improved form of apparatus for the condensation
of vapours or gases by means of a current of water or other fluid, an essential
feature of the invention being causing the vapour to be condensed to impinge
on one surface of a domed or conical shaped body whilst a jet of condensing water
constantly impinges on the other surface: another important point being the
provision of a narrow condensing space between two cooling surfaces.
A condensing apparatus constructed according to this invention comprises an
inner-water tube a vapour tube and an outer water tube or jacket. These tubes
are preferably cylindrical in shape.
Both ends of the inner water tube are closed, one end being domed or cone-
shaped and the other provided with two holes; through the one hole there
passes a tube of smaller diameter connected with the water supply; this tube is
continued, preferably centrally, to within a short distance of the domed end of
the inner water tube so that the water is discharged against the inner surface of
the said domed end.
The vapour tube is of slightly larger diameter than the inner water tube,
which it surrounds, thus forming a narrow annular passage; one end is hermeti-
cally connected to the water tube, the other, extending beyond the water tube
is open and formed so as to be readily connected with the source of supply of
the vapour to be condensed say the neck of a retort.
The vapour tube is surrounded by an outer water tube or jacket one end of
which is connected to the hole in the end of the inner tube before described,
the other is provided with an outlet from the apparatus for the condensing
water or other fluid.
The vapour tube is provided with a convenient outlet for the condensed vapour.
The outer jacket may if desired receive its supply of cooling water from an
independent source.
The apparatus may be constructed of any material which is a sufficiently
good conductor of heat and it is evident that the details of construction may be
varied considerably without departing from the spirit of this invention.
When in operation, the condensing water, entering through the inlet pipe,
strikes the inner surface of the domed end of the water tube, flows back to the
other end of said tube and thence into one end of the water jacket through
which it flows, finally escaping from the outlet on the other end. The vapour
entering the open neck of the vapour tube impinges on the outer domed surface
of the water tube, passes along the annular space formed between the inner and
outer water tubes and being condensed in its passage finally escapes from the
apparatus through the outlet provided.
Dated this 28th day of September 1898
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Condensing Apparatus.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM LUCAS, of 225, Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved form of apparatus for the condensation
of vapours or gases by means of a current of water or other fluid, the essential
feature of the invention is the causing the vapour to be condensed to impinge on
one surface of a domed or conical shaped body whilst a jet of water or other con-
densing medium constantly impinges directly opposite on the other surface; an
important point is the further provision of a narrow condensing space between
two cooling surfaces.
A condensing apparatus constructed according to this invention comprises an
inner-water tube a vapour tube and an outer water tube or jacket. These tubes
are preferably cylindrical in shape.
Both ends of the inner water tube are closed, one end being domed or cone-
shaped and the other provided with two holes; through the one hole there
passes a tube of smaller diameter connected with the water supply; this tube is
continued, preferably centrally, to within a short distance of the domed end of
the inner water tube so that the water is discharged directly against the inner
surface of the said domed end.
The vapour tube is of slightly larger diameter than the inner water tube,
which it surrounds, thus forming a narrow annular passage; one end is hermeti-
cally connected to the water tube, the other, extending beyond the water tube
is open and formed so as to be readily connected with the source of supply of
the vapour to be condensed say the neck of a retort.
The vapour tube is surrounded by an outer water tube or jacket one end of
which is connected to the hole in the end of the inner tube before.described,
the other is provided with an outlet from the apparatus for the water or other
condensing medium.
The vapour tube is provided with a convenient outlet for the condensed vapour.
The outer jacket may if desired receive its supply of cooling water from an
independent source.
When in operation, the condensing water, entering through the inlet pipe,
strikes the inner surface of the domed end of the water tube, flows back to the
other end of said tube and thence into one end of the water jacket through
which it flows, finally escaping from the outlet of the other end. The vapour
entering the open neck of the vapour tube impinges on the outer domed surface
of the water tube, directly opposite to the condensing medium, being thereby
more or less condensed, passes along the annular space formed between the inner
and outer water tubes and being completely condensed in its passage finally
escapes from the apparatus through the outlet provided.
The apparatus may be constructed of any material which is a sufficiently
good conductor of heat and it is evident that the details of construction may be
varied considerably. without departing from the spirit of this invention.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1 is a median vertical section of a convenient form of condenser con-
structed according to this invention,
Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is a similar view to Figure 1, showing an alternative form of con-
nection between the water tube and the jacket.

page_text: Like letters indicate like parts in all figures.
A is a water tube, closed at both ends; the upper end A¹ being in the form of
a dome. Within the tube A is a smaller tube A², of which one end A³ extends
beyond the tube A and is connected in a convenient manner with the supply of
condensing water, whilst the other end A is placed in such a position beneath
the dome A that the water issuing from it strikes against the inner surface of
the dome.
The vapour tube B encases the water tube A, so as to form with it a narrow
annular space B', and is formed with a neck B2 preferably of smaller diameter
than its body, connected with the supply of vapour to be condensed; the neck 132
being so arranged that the vapour entering the tube B impinges on the outer
surface of the dome portion A¹ of the water tube.
The lower end of the vapour tube is provided with a suitable escape for the
condensed product, say a tube such as 133.
The vapour tube is encased in a jacket C, connected say by a tube C¹ with the
end of the water tube A. and provided with an overflow pipe C by which the
cooling or condensing water is led from the apparatus.
As an alternative construction to enable the water tube to communicate more
freely with the jacket C, the lower end of the water tube may be left open, and
the water jacket continued beyond it to form the bottom of the apparatus. In
this case the water delivery tube would pass through the closed end of the jacket;
such a form of construction is shown in Figure 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In condensing apparatus a domed or coned body such as A' upon the outer
surface of which the vapour to be condensed is caused to impinge, whilst the water
or condensing medium impinges on the inner surface, directly opposite the
vapour, substantially as described.
2. In condensing apparatus the combination with a water tube such as A
having a domed end such as A¹ upon the inner surface of which the water or
condensing medium impinges directly opposite the incoming vapour upon the
outer surface of a vapour tube B encasing the tube A the condensing vapour
passing therefrom through the narrow annular space 131 formed by the two tubes,
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In condensing apparatus and in combination a water delivery tube A2,
an inner water tube A A¹ a vapour tube B B2 B3 and a water jacket C C¹ C³
arranged and operating substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1
and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In condensing apparatus and in combination a water delivery tube A2, an
inner water tube A A¹ a vapour tube B B2 B33 and a water jacket C C arranged
and operating substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of June 1890