matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED MEANS OF SECURING THE TYRES OF RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY WHEELS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Carl Glaser at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1880. A communi-
cation from Franz Melaun, of Konigshutte, Upper Silesia, in the Kingdom of
Prussia and Empire of Germany.
FRIEDRICH CARL GLASER, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
Germany, Engineer and Patent Agent. "IMPROVED MEANS OF SECURING THE
TYRES OF RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY WHEELS." [A communication by Franz
Melaun, of Konigshutte, Upper Silosia, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
Germany.]
According to the present Invention two wrought iron rings, so formed as to key
into the tyre, are interposed between the tyre of a railway or tramway wheel' and
the spoke ring or body thereof in order to prevent the extension or straightening
of the tyre, and the breaking off of parts thereof in case of fracture.
One arrangement of the two rings is shewn at Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying
Drawings, which shew respectively a cross section and a front view to a smaller
scale. A and B are the two rings, with dovetail or undercut projections, which are
turned to fit accurately the turned meeting surfaces of the tyre, the rings being
slid from each side into position on the tyre after this has been slightly warmed.
The fitting of the so prepared tyre to the body of the wheel is effected in the
usual manner. In order to prevent any lateral shifting of the rings they are each
fixed to the spoke ring or body by screws, as shewn, The rings A, B, may be
cut through at one point in order to allow of an increased shrinkage of the tyre on
to the body of the wheel.
Another modification is shown at Figs. 3 and 4. In this case the tyre is formed
with two inner dovetail or undercut projecting rings or flanges A, B, and into the
recess thus formed between these are slid the two rings C, D, the combined width
of which must be less than the width of such recess.
To enable the rings to be inserted a portion must be cut out of their circumference
to enable them to be sprung together sufficiently to pass over the projections A, B.
The space left between the rings C, D, when these are slid away from each other
against the dovetail faces of the tyre is filled in with another ring as indicated,
such ring being also cut and sprung together to be placed in position. The two
rings C, D, are secured to the ring of the wheel body by screws, as shown.
The dovetail keying of the tyre to the wrought iron rings will prevent the
straightening and breaking off of pieces of the former in case of fracture thereof, as
such fracture cannot extend to the wrought iron rings.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR VENTILATING MINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clark at the Office of the.
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1880.
JOHN CLARK, of 104, Bramley Road, Kensington, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR VENTILATING
MINES."
The object of this Invention is to prevent the destructive explosions which take
place in mines, and also to improve the ventilation of mines generally.
In carrying my said Invention into practice I force atmospheric air into the
mine by a fan, blower, or other suitable apparatus, and at the outlet or up-cast
shaft I construct a valve or trap to throttle or regulate the exit of such air, so that
the pressure of air in the mine shall be kept above the pressure of the atmosphere.
I prefer to make the action of the said valve or trap self-regulating, so as to keep
the pressure of the air in the mine at any determined degree above the pressure of
the atmosphere.
The pressure of the air in the mine may either be kept constant or intermittent.
In the latter case, at a certain time each day or other period of time, the excess
air-pressure in the mine is relieved so as to drain off at such time the inflamable
gas in such mine and expel it by the up-cast shaft. While such gas is being
expelled no work would be carried on in the mine nor lights be exposed therein; it
would be a "closed time" during such period.
To more effectually improve the ventilation of mines generally and to reduce
the temperature of the air charged therein, I compress such air considerably above
the pressure required for the ventilation of such mines; such highly compressed
air gives out a quantity of sensible heat, which I remove by surrounding the pipe
or vessel containing such compressed air by a current of water. When the whole
or chief part of such sensible heat has been removed, I allow such compressed air
to expand and admit it to the mine in a quantity suitable for the ventilation of
such mine, but at a temperature below the atmosphere from which such air was
compressed.
In order to draw coal or other materials from such mine while the excess of
air-pressure is maintained, I construct in the shaft or in one or more of the
passages or galleries leading to such shaft an air-lock, which consists of a chamber
fitted with an air-tight door at each end thereof. When it is desired to pass
materials one door is closed before the other is opened, so as to prevent the
compressed air in the mine escaping except through such air-lock or chamber.
MENTS IN LAMP BURNERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1880. A communication
from abroad by Salomon Noa Wolff, of Cassel, in the German Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
"IMPROVE-
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westininster, Civil Engineer.
MENTS IN LAMP BURNERS." A communication from abroad by Salomon Noa Wolff',
of Cassel, in the German Empire.
The improvements consist in constructing the burner either of two pairs of
concentric tubes or of a pair of cylindrical tubes having a flat tube in the centre, so
that each burner contains two wicks, which are either both circular in cross section
or one circular and the other flat. A flat wick equal in width to the circumference
of the tube is inserted into the corresponding tube from below, and turned up by
means of a tooth wheel or a pair of wheels. Thus instead of only one circular or
flat wick as usual, the burner has either two concentric circular wicks or a flat
wick and a circular wick which produce a greater intensity of light.
IMPROVED SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR LADIES' AND GENTLEMEN'S SADDLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Augustus Mills at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1880.
FRANCIS AUGUSTUS MILLS, of 35, Dawson Street, Dublin, in the County of
Dublin, Ireland, Gentleman. "IMPROVED SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR LADIES' AND
GENTLEMEN'S SADDLES."
My said Invention has for its object the application of suitable appliance, as
hereinafter described, to ladies' and gentlemen's saddles, for the purpose of dis-
engaging the rider in the event of accident, and thereby obviating the danger of
entanglement in the saddle or stirrups. There are upon the present ladies' saddle
three crutches, which for convenience I will designate Numbers 1, 2, and 3.
these crutches Number 1 is so small and unobstrusive that it may be considored
harmless in case of an accident; Number 2 crutch is at present a fixture, and
I propose to make it moveable, as Number 3 now is.
Of
The ends of theso two crutches, which I form square (not round, as No. 3 at
present is), I encase in steel caps or bands, so as to fit tightly into suitably formed
sockets in the saddle tree; and in the base of these sockets I provide suitable
springs for the purpose of discharging the crutches when the latter are released,
as presently described.
The crutches are secured by being pressed into said sockets when a steel pin
is inserted, which passes transversely through the socket and steel end of the
crutch, holding the same securely in place. The ends of the the transverse pins are
split for the purpose of expansion when driven through, as described, and the
heads are provided with eyes to which are attached slip lines of leather or other
suitable material, whose free ends are connected with a running line placed at or
in the region of the saddle pommel, and terminating in a ring or other suitable
appliance, by which the rider may when required by a single jerk or pull with-
draw the pins and thereby set the crutches free.
With regard to the stirrup catch or leather bar I propose to hinge the lower bar
and to secure same by means of a pin, and to connect said pin by a slip line with
the running line, as above described, so that the stirrup leather is freed simul-
taneously with the crutches. In the application of my said Invention to gentlemen's
saddles, it will be obvious that since we have to deal with only the stirrup bars,
two slip lines, one discharging the stirrup leather upon the near and the other on
the off side, will be sufficient. The ends of the slip lines may be gathered up with
the reins by the rider or attached to the person.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS FOR TURNING MOTHER-OF-PEARL BUTTONS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Wright and William Jones at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th July 1880.
ALFRED WRIGHT, of 165, Brearley St., West Birmingham, Manufacturer, and
WILLIAM JONES, of 59, Caroline Street, Birmingham, Mechanical Engineer.
*IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS FOR TURNING MOTHER-OF-PEARL BUTTONS."
In turning mother-of-pearl buttons the sharp cutting edge of the hand tools
made of steel, which material has hitherto been used for this purpose, is soon worn
dull by the hard mother-of-pearl blanks.
The object of our Invention is to make a tool which will save the time of the
turner spent in continually whetting up the steel tools, and to produce a finer
surface on the button.
To effect this we shape diamonds either on a lap or by cutting or grinding them
otherwise, so as to form on them a fine sharp cutting edge similar to the cutting
edge of the steel tools at present used.
We set the diamonds in copper or other metal in the ordinary way, and fix the
copper or other setting in a suitable stock or holder, leaving the cutting edge
of the diamond to protrude. This tool may be held in the hand or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE EXTINGUISHERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Nässen and Emil Hallgren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1880.
WILLIAM NASSEN, of Newcastle upon Tyne, Agent, and EMIL HALLOREN, of
Gateshead on Tyne, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE EXTINGUISHERS, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING WATER
OR OTHER LIQUIDS FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention, which relates chiefly to improvements in fire extinguishers, has
for its object rendering the same portable and capable of being brought into operation
at once, and of being operated with ease and efficiency.
The Invention consists of a pump, preferably double acting, which is fixed
within or attached to a receptacle or tank for water or other liquid, the said pump
being operated by means of a treadle lever which works on a fulcrum situate on a
portion of the stand of the apparatus, and is connected to the plunger of the
pump.
The treadle lever is capablo of being worked by both feet of the operator, a
rocking motion being imparted thereto in order that equal power may be applied
in producing the necessary reciprocal action of the plunger of the pump.
A hose is connected at one extremity with a pipe which is in communication
with the delivery ports of the pump. At its other extremity the said hose is
provided with a jet nozzle, to which may be attached a spiral nozzle so constructed
that as the water issues therefrom it is caused to spread by means of the rotary
motion imparted to it.
In lieu of forming the pump and tank in one they may be separate, the pump
being in communication by means of a feeding hose or tube with a well or other
water holder.
The apparatus, by reason of its lightness, may be carried upon the back with or
without water by means of braces or straps.
The apparatus may also be employed for the distribution of water or other liquids
for other purposes, as for example, for the watering of gardens, the cleansing of
surfaces, and the like.
NEW APPARATUS FOR BLENDING WORTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Dominick McGetrick Watson and
Alfred Coupland Botterill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 29th November 1880.
DOMINICK MCGETRICK WATSON and ALFRED COUPLAND BOTTERILL, both of
the Cambrian Brewery, Quay Street, Cardiff, Glamorganshire. "NEW APPARATUS
FOR BLENDING WORTS."
This Invention relates to certain new apparatus for blending worts in the
fermenting vessels, the object being to self-actingly effect the blending of the
wort.
In carrying the Invention into practice, a branch pipe is attached to and depends
from the wort pipe to a receptacle jointed to the extremity of said branch pipe,
which said receptacle serves the purpose of "dispenser" of the wort to several
radial pipes standing out from the said dispenser receptacle, said radial pipes being
perforated to allow of the passage of the wort to be blended into the liquor in the
fermenting vessel.
Connecting caps are used to connect the branch pipe with the branch pipe with
the dispenser, and also the radial perforated pipes with same.
Thus, if it be required to mix a weaker wort with a heavier one, the said weaker
wort would be supplied by and through this blending apparatus into the other
liquid by way of the perforated radial pipes, whereby the weaker wort would be
carried down to the bottom of the tun or fermenting vessel, and will rise through
and be blended with the wort in the tun.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COMBS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bawcombe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1880.
HENRY BAWCOMBE, of 279, Holloway Road, in the County of Middlesex, Clerk.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COMBS."
My Invention has for its object the manufacture of combs, in such a manner as to
admit of the ready replacement of a broken tooth, and also to give increased facility
for cleaning the comb as required.
And my Invention consists in making the comb so as to be composed of separate
teeth, connected together at the tang or back part by suitable' means, admitting of
their being removed from the comb as required.
Each tooth has formed in its tang or back part a groove on one side, and a
feather on the other side, and also a hole through it. This hole is of a flattened
oval shape or other shape adapted to keep the tooth securely in its required
position when placed on a connecting or binding pin or wire of a section corres-
ponding with the holes in the teeth.
As the several teeth are placed in the connecting or binding pin or wire the
feather of one fits in the groove of the next tooth, and so on throughout the whole
series of teeth, which are bound together by means of a nut at one end of the pin
or wire, the two outer or end teeth being of greater width than the intermediate
teeth, as in ordinary.combs.
If preferred a recess can be formed in the end tooth to receive the nut, or it may
be covered by an ornamental cap. Also the tightening of the teeth as required
may be effected in any other convenient manner. Instead of using a connecting
or binding pin or wire with a fastening at each end, a tube of suitable section may
be employed, such tube having a longitudinal slit throughout its whole length, the
several teeth being inserted in the tube, and secured by a screw cap at each end,
the tube thus forming the back of the comb.
The comb thus formed of the several teeth fitting into one another at the tang or
back, and secured at each end of a pin, wire or tube, can have broken teeth easily
replaced by others, and the combs can be readily cleaned by taking out the teeth
and wiping them when required.
The combs thus constructed may be made of ebonite, tortoise-shell, or other
suitable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FOLDING CHAIRS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Vaughan and Samuel
George Vaughan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th
January 1880.
WILLIAM HENRY VAUGHAN and SAMUEL GEORGE VAUGHAN, both of Old Street,
in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FOLDING
CHAIRS."
This Invention consists in improvements in the construction of folding chairs
whereby the height of the seat and inclination of the back can be regulated at
will, whilst, when desired, the chair can be folded into a conveniently portable
form.
The nature of the said Invention will be clearly understood by reference to the
accompanying Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view of a chair constructed in
accordance with this Invention, in which the scat is shown raised to its highest
position; Figure 2 is a view of the same with the seat in the lowest position, and
Figure 3 represents the chair folded. The same letters of reference indicate like
parts in the several Figures.
The back is formed of the two bars a, the lower portions of which constitute one
pair of legs. The said bars are connected together by the rods b, or by "splats," as
the case may be. The seat is composed of two bars c, which are connected together
and are pivoted at one end to the bars a. The arms d are also pivoted to the
bars a, and are connected by means of the bar e, which is suitably pivoted,
with the bars for with the bars c of the seat; the said bars f, which are connected
together by one or more rods, form the second pair of legs and are pivoted to the
bars a at a point below the seat. In the under portion of the bars c are formed a
series of notches or recesses, which may be of any suitable number and at any
desired distance from one another. The chair is opened in order to place it into
position for use by moving the lower ends of the legs a and f towards each other
until the upper ends of the legs f take into the front notches in the bars c when the
chair will be firmly secured, as shown in Figure 2, and by lifting the seat and
placing the ends of the legs f in the notches farther back the seat can be raised and
secured at the desired height. The bars c forming the seat are connected together
by one or more "splats" or bars.
In the accompanying Drawings the seat and back of the chair are shown covered
with a textile material, but it will be well understood that the same may be
formed of wood "splats" or rails, or they may be covered with cane, leather, or any
other suitable material. The back, legs, and other parts may either be curved or
made straight as desired.
IN FASTENERS FOR WINDOWS, DOORS, AND OTHER PURPOSES.”
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Fletcher at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st December 1880.
HENRY FLETCHER, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster.
IN FASTENERS FOR WINDOWS, DOORS, AND OTHER PURPOSES.”
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention has for its object the more effectual or convenient tightening and
fastening of windows and doors, and consists in the application of screws, with or
without nuts or metalplates, in the following manner :-In the case of sash windows,
I connect the lower bar of the upper with the upper bar of the lower sash, either
by means of a metalplate laid across the upper face of the said bars, and provided
at each end with a screw passing through the plate and into the wood, or by means
of an angle plate laid over the upper front edge of the upper bar and reaching
down on the face of the lower bar, each end of the angle plate being also provided
with a screw, or by one or two screws passing horizontally through the upper bar
of the lower sash and into the lower bar of the upper sash, the said screws being
provided with nuts sunk into the wood and with ornamental heads. Sash frames
inay also be secured by arming a sash bar with a metalplate sunk into the wood
and the fillet of the window casing, with a screw passing horizontally through the
fillet and into the said metalplate.
For securing cupboards, sideboards, or doors generally, I provide each of a pair of
adjoining bars (belonging to contiguous doors) with a screw and the shelf behind it
with a nut, into which the screw is threaded, so that either side can be opened
independently of the other.
AN IMPROVED CANDLE HOLDER AND SAVE ALL
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Nind Hopkins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th November 1880.
ALFRED NIND HOPKINS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer. "AN IMPROVED CANDLE HOLDER AND SAVE ALL."
This Invention consists in forming a false socket piece for candlesticks so that
the bottom of the candle shall be clipped and firmly held therein, and with this
view I take a strip of metal of any suitable kind and turn it up into an open
jointed tube, I then corrugate this tube in the direction of its depth; the tube is
thus made capable of expansion and contraction. Its power of expansion causes
it to spring outwards and closely fit the candlestick socket when the candle is
inserted, and the corrugations hold and slightly imbed themselves in the end of the
candle; a short curved thumb piece is attached to the article for the purpose of
withdrawing it for cleaning.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH LOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Magnus Volk at the. Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th November 1880.
MAGNUS VOLK, of Brighton, in the County of Sussex, Electrician. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH LOCKS."
The object of this Invention is to produce a lock which shall, in a simple and
effectual manner, prevent the fraudulent use of the places to which it is applied by
providing means for checking the number of times that the door to which the lock
is applied has been opened.
In carrying out my Invention the lock is constructed in the form of an ordinary
night latch, and attached to the door in a similar manner. In the interior I
provide two or more levers actuated by the key in the ordinary way, these levers
are also connected with the knob used for opening the door from the inside of the
apartment or otherwise, so that unless a card ticket (hereinafter described) is placed
in a slit in the door it cannot be opened from the inside.
The ticket above mentioned has cut in it suitably shaped holes or recesses so
as to lift the levers and liberate the internal knob, which allows the door to be
opened in the usual manner, which operation also punches a hole in the ticket and
prevents its being used a second time, for if this be attempted one of the herein-
before described levers falls into the hole thus made in the ticket and effectually
prevents the door being opened from the inside; the small portions of the tickets
punched out pass into a receptacle in the lock from which they may be taken from
time to time and counted.
To provide against any attempt to open the door several times in succession
from the inside there is added a tumbler, which only allows the key to be used
once until the lock has again been opened from the inside, which operation
removes the tumbler and again allows the key to be used.
Should the door be inadvertently closed without there being any person to open
it from the inside, or otherwise render it necessary that a key again be used, a
master key is provided which will open the door under any condition whatsoever.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING LIGHT BY THE COMBUSTION OF GAS OR INFLAMMABLE VAPOURS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Chatwood and Samuel
Rawsthrone Chatwood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
18th September 1880.
SAMUEL CHATWOOD, Safe and Lock Engineer, and SAMUEL RAWSTHRONE
CHATWOOD, both of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BURNERS FOR AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING LIGHT BY THE COMBUSTION OF
GAS OR INFLAMMABLE VAPOURS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in burners and apparatus for
obtaining light by the combustion of coal gas or other inflammable vapours.
Our arrangement of burner and apparatus consists of mechanism by which mixed
gas or vapour and air contained under pressure is allowed to issue in a jet or
stream, which is ignited and caused to traverse a gauze of platinum or other more
refractory metal, or any alloy of the same (or in some cases we cause the jet or
stream to impinge upon foil, sponge, or wire of the same material), and so produce
light.
The gauze is in this way very highly heated, and emits a white and agreeable
light, similar to the electric light produced by the passage of a current of electricity
through platinum wire. Light is obtained in this way more conveniently than by
electricity, and more economically than by the combustion of gas, in such a way as
to yield a luminous flaine.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRACES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Key at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th May 1880.
WILLIAM HENRY KEY, of 18, Castle Street, Falcon Square, in the City of
London, "AN IMPROVEMENT IN BRACES."
My Invention has for object to so connect the two parts of a pair of braces or
trouser suspenders, as to combine the convenience of a "crossed" with the strength
of a "straight" brace.
According to my Invention the leather or other tabs or ends at the back of the
braces are split or centrally divided, the division extending from within about an
inch of the button holes at one end to the point where the tabs are attached to the
webbing. These split tabs are interlaced the one with the other and attached to
the web by sewing, and by a staple which is driven through the two parts of
the leather tab and holds them firmly in place.
By my Invention not only is the cost of manufacture lessened, as the sewing
on of the pieces for uniting the braces is no longer necessary, but the braces are
more durable than the crossed braces as at present made and more comfortable to
the wearer, as the two parts adjust themselves freely to the movements of the body
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBRES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Camm at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd April 1880.
JOHN CAMM, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Mill Overlooker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBRES."
This Invention relates to an improved construction of "carrier" or instrument
employed on ring spinning frames for guiding the "end" or yarn as spun or
twisted to the bobbin or tube in the forming of the "cop," the carrier being so
constructed as to press the yarn as and when being wound on the bobbin or spool,
so as to build or form a cop containing the greatest length of yarn or twist within
a given diameter or size of cop, the ring within or around which the "traveller
revolves being made of concentric parts, as herein after described.
"
The "carrier" I construct of a stem having upper and lower flanges or enlargo-
ments; from the upper flange or boss extend two arms, the outer one having
weighted or loaded end, the inner arm having formed thereon the eye or eyes
which guide the end or yarn to the bobbin or spool. As the carrier revolves the
centrifugal action tends to throw outwards the weighted or loaded arm, at the same
tine throwing inwards the other arm, a portion of which is thus caused to press
against and upon the "end or yarn as wound on the bobbin or spool, so that the
tibre is wound tightly thereon. The "ring" is made of two concentric parts having
projecting Ranges, so as to secure the stem of the carrier within a recess in and
around which it revolves.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING TRANSFERS FROM PHOTO- GRAPHS ON ENAMEL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Bailey at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th March 1880.
JOHN WILLIAM BAILEY, Artist, of No. 12, Edith Terrace, West Brompton, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING TRANSFERS FROM PHOTO-
GRAPHS ON ENAMEL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
A transparency of the object to be copied is obtained in the usual manner by
photography. Another glass covered with a thin skin composed of bichromate of
potash, borax, honey, sugar, and gum is then submitted, in connection with the
transparency, to the action of light, either natural or artificial, which reproduces
the object on the film in the form of an intaglio. The required color is then worked
into the intaglio thus produced, and the film afterwards withdrawn from the glass
and placed on the surface of the articlo to which the drawing is to be applied, the
film having been previously coated with a mixture of ordinary collodion and ether
and fixed with hyposulphite of soda. It is now submitted to a heated temperature,
which has the double effect of entirely removing all chemical substance and leaving
the drawing in color, in all its details, upon the article. The color is fixed by being
burnt in or covered with a preparation of gum or varnish, as circumstances may
require. The drawing thus produced may be in any tint, and being quite untainted
by chemicals, and in every way similar to one drawn by hand, can bo colored in
the same manner. It has the advantage of being necessarily perfect in detail, while
at the same time each drawing can be produced in the course of a few minutos, and
at a very low cost.
APPARATUS FOR GATHERING THE PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER AGAINST THE STOPS OF DELIVERY BOARDS OF CYLINDER PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hales and John Esson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1880.
ROBERT HALES, of No. 3, Bromfelde Villas, Bromfelde Road, Clapham, in the
County of Surroy, Printer's Overseer, and JOHN ESSON, of Johnson's Court, Fleet
Street, in the City of London, Printer's Engineer. "APPARATUS FOR GATHERING
THE PRINTED SHEETS OF PAPER AGAINST THE STOPS OF DELIVERY BOARDS OF
CYLINDER PRINTING MACHINES."
The objects of this Invention are,
1. To gather the sheets mechanically against the stops on the delivery boards of
printing machines.
2. To prevent the rebound of the printed sheets when reaching the stops.
3. To ensure a perfectly level superposition of the sheets upon such delivery
boards.
According to our Invention we arrange, say, two rollers to sliding frames which
are free to move in slots in the stops against which the sheets of paper as they
leave the cylinder are caused to impinge upon their arrival over the delivery board
of a printing machine. These rollers are held loosely to the frames by springs,
and the rollers which revolve rapidly by cords from the end delivery roller of the
machine press upon each sheet as it arrives, and by their friction keep it close up
against the stops. The frames as the sheets become superposed rise in the slots
and the rollers adjust them to the necessary positions as the sheets accumulate.
When the sheets of paper are removed in bulk in the ordinary manner the frames
drop in the slots and the rollers take up their positions for the gathering of fresh
sheets as before stated.
This Invention is applicable specially to perfecting-cylinders, drop-bars, Anglo
and French perfecting machines.
IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH WATER CLOSETS.
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Trotter Cowe at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1880.
JAMES TROTTER COWE, of the City and County of Edinburgh, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH WATER CLOSETS.'
"
This Invention has reference to a new or improved mode and means of making
a tight joint at and between the upper flange, lip, or edge of the porcelain or other
basins of water closets, and the seat top parts thereof, instead of the usual
troublesome and defective putty joints, for the purpose of preventing draughts, and
the escape of noxious gases or smells through this joint between the basin and
seat, so common in water closets by the breaking of the said putty joints.
And the nature and novelty of the Invention consist in forming a groove or
equivalent recess in the upper surface of the flange or lip of the basin, and in
inserting and fitting a ring or loop of hollow clastic or tube vulcanised indin-
rubber therein, projecting some distance above the groove and lip, so that the
under surface of the seat when fitted and placed in proper position over the basin
will rest on this ring, and by its own weight always maintain a proper close joint,
even without being screwed down to the portable frame round the closet although
this might be done when preferred.
By an equivalent arrangement the ring or hoop of hollow clastic or tube of
india-rubber might be inserted in a groove formed on the under surface of the seat,
so as to project therefrom and rest on and form an air-tight joint with the ordinary
upper plain flange or edge lip of the basin of the water closet, and in either case
prevent all draughts or close or noxious smells passing through at this joint. 1
have found small hollow vulcanised india-rubber air tubing of from one quarter
to five eighths of an inch in diameter to answer best, simply cut off and jointed
end to end by the ordinary naptha or rubber solutions into the form of a ring or
hoop of the proper size, thus giving great flexibility and elasticity to suit any
slight variation in thickness of the joint between the surface of the seat and edge
of the basin, but it will be evident that other hollow sections of india-rubber rings
might be used as that of an inverted U (n) with the edges secured in the groove,
or even solid rings of flat india-rubber, with or without a groove in these, to give
them greater flexibility or soft clasticity, and when these rings are so made or
attached to the under-side of the seat without grooves, they might be secured
thereto by solution or by tacks when desired.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CIRCULATING BOILING LIQUIDS, AND FOR CAUSING THE SAME TO BE SPREAD OVER OR THROUGH SUBSTANCES OR ARTICLES BEING TREATED BY BOILING LIQUIDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Mechesney at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th June 1880.
ANDREW MECHESNEY, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain.
"AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CIRCULATING BOILING LIQUIDS, AND FOR
CAUSING THE SAME TO BE SPREAD OVER OR THROUGH SUBSTANCES OR ARTICLES
BEING TREATED BY BOILING LIQUIDS."
This Invention, which relates to an improved apparatus for circulating boiling.
liquids, and for causing the same to be spread over or through substances or articles
being treated by boiling liquids, consists of a flat or nearly flat plate constituting
the bottom of the apparatus. This flat plate is provided with a rim having openings.
therein, and by this rim it rests upon the bottom of the vessel wherein the boiling
operation takes place. From the upper side of the aforesaid plate, a tube (preferably
conical) projects upwards to any desired distance above the level of the liquid or
substances or articles contained in the vessel. This tube is fitted at the top with
an inverted conical discharge piece whose casing is perforated, and the capacity of
whose interior is contracted by the placing therein of a conical, spherical, or other
suitably shaped picco of material.
In place of the discharge piece last herein mentioned boing perforated, it may be
formed of two thin conical pieces having a narrow circular opening between them,
and through which the liquid is discharged in a continuous concentric stream.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Taylor at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th June 1880.
WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Ley Moor, Golcar, near Huddersfield, in the County of
York, Loom Tuner. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The object of this Invention is to check the shuttle when it is sent home or when
it is sent from one shuttle box to the other, and thereby prevent the sudden stop
of the shuttle. I accomplish this by fixing a pulley or incline on the picking rod,
adjustable in a slot or otherwise, and in attaching a projecting piece on the shuttle
box frame, so that on each backward movement of the shuttle box frame the
projecting piece comes in contact with the pulley or incline and pushes down the
picking rod, thereby moving the picking arm and picker in a position to check the
shuttle on its being sent into the box.
AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR SECURING LETTERS OR OTHER DOCUMENTS IN ENVELOPES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1880. A communication
from abroad by Achille de Colmont, of Paris, France.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED DEVICE FOR SECURING
LETTERS OR OTHER DOCUMENTS IN ENVELOPES." [A communication from abroad
by Achille de Colmont, of Paris, France.]
The object of this Invention is to provide à device for securing letters or other
documents within their envelopes or wrappers in such a manner that the contents
of the envelope or wrapper cannot, when they have been secured by this device, be
inspected or tampered with without detection; the person who receives the letter
or other document so secured will thus be able to know that he has received the
same as it was forwarded by the sender.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I make a disc of tin foil or of lead
faced with tin foil, and the tin foil may if desired be covered on one side with white .
paper. The said disc has extended from it two long narrow pointed tongues or
strips, these two strips being opposite to each other, that is to say, they extend
outward from the periphery of the disc on opposite sides thereof. A convenient
diameter for the disc is from three quarters of an inch to an inch, and the tongues
may each be about three quarters of an inch long and about three sixteenths of an
inch wide at their base or widest part. In the manufacture I cut the said disc and
two tongues in one piece out of the metal sheets by means of a suitable punch.
The outer face of the disc may bear any words or motto as desired, or it may be
plain, and I propose that the inner face shall have stamped upon it the arms, motto,
or figure of the person using this Invention, or initials common to a number of
persons. Words or other matter may also be stamped on the tongues as desired.
In using this securing device it is only necessary when the letter or other document
has been placed in its envelope to make two small and almost imperceptible holes
through the envelope and letter at any desired place to receive the tongues
projecting from the disc. The tongues pass completely through the envelope and.
document contained therein, and are then bent over-on-the-opposite side to that at
which they entered, being then fastened with sealing wax, which should be impressed

page_text: with a seal; the wax completely conceals the tongues. Thus secured it is impossible
for the contents of the envelope to be tampered with without detection. Before
opening the envelope the person receiving the same has to cut the tongues with scissors
or knife on the side of the envelope where they entered the same. This having
been done the envelope can be opened, the receiver having tho satisfaction of 5
knowing that no one else has seen the contents since they were sealed up by tho
sendor.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN LIXIVIATING SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES & METALS IN A SOLUBLE STATE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Warne Chenhall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1880.
JAMES WARNE CHENHALL, of Morriston, in the County of Glamorgan, Civil
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
LIXIVIATING SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES & METALS IN A SOLUBLE STATE."
The said Invention consists of a revolving pan, having an arm crossing the centre,
and capable of being removed at will, this arm having ten, more or less, fixed
blades set at a suitable angle, so that when the pan revolves with the materials to
be lixiviated therein, together with the hot or cold water or acids employed in
lixiviation, the scrapers thoroughly disintegrate the whole mass, thereby allowing
the liquid to thoroughly permeate throughout the mass and take up soluble
substances, whether metallic or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PADLOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Waine at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1880.
DAVID WAINE, of Willenhall, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PADLOCKS."
The object of this Invention is to produce a padlock that shall be stronger and
more durable, and which can be produced at less cost than locks of this kind as
usually made.
I first provide, then, a blank, which is cut in a die to the desired shape, and this
blank is to form either the upper or the under side of the lock (but by preference
the former) and the rim, which blank has projections upon it to form the rivits.
The blank is then passed through a second pair of tools and the rim is raised
into its desired position.
The other side of the lock and the other portions thereof are made in the usual
manner, the former being secured in its position by means of the rivits hereinbefore
mentioned.
It will be understood that in padlocks constructed according to my Invention
the usual rivets are dispensed with, and thus much time and labor is saved.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SAWING STONE."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Lawson Varley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd July 1880.
THOMAS LAWSON VARLEY, of Lingards, Slaithwaite, in the County of York,
Stone Merchant. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SAWING STONE."
$5
This Invention relates to the blades employed in the sawing of stone and marble,
and the object is to so construct such blades that their cutting parts or teeth are
renewed by and through the wearing away of such blades.
Blades for purpose as aforesaid constructed according to this my said Invention
have semicircular, V, or other shaped portions cut or stamped out of the sawing
edge of the blade at intervals along its length, the recessed parts form teeth or
sawing edges. In the body of the blade and between the recesses or teeth above
referred to are circular, diamond, or other shaped perforations, so that when
the first line of teeth or sawing edges are worn away, the perforations, by reason
of the wearing away of the blade, are cut through, and their edges then form along
the blade a new series of teeth, whilst a second, third, or fourth line or lines of
perforations in turn as the blade becomes further worn form teeth or sawing edges
until the blade is worn away.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL LAMPS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Marcius Silber at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1880.
ALBERT MARCIUS SILBER, of 56, Wood Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL LAMPS."
My Invention relates to lamps in which animal, vegetable, or mineral oils are
burnt, the flame being enclosed in a chamber as in a lantern or ship lamp. The
object which I havo in view is to provide by a simple and cheap construction
means of ensuring very complete combustion of the oil without the aid of a chimney
or funnel, and of producing a large and brilliant flame which can be maintained
for many hours without requiring the trimming or replacing of the wick or the
cleansing of the wick tube. For this purposo make the oil reservoir of a flat
shallow form, extending so far in length and in width as almost to occupy the
whole horizontal area of tho lantern, and I place this reservoir at somo distance
from the bottom of the lantern so that it forms a partition dividing the interior of
the lantern into two compartments, a lower chamber which I may term the air
chamber and an upper or flame chamber. In the middle of the oil reservoir I
provide an air passage extending vertically through the reservoir, open at the
bottom to the air chamber and terminating at the top in a deflecting cone of a
form resembling those ordinarily used for projecting the air against wick flames.
Centrally within the air passage I fix the wick tube which I make of thin metal,
preferably a good conductor of heat, such as copper. The wick tube is made
somewhat deeper than the reservoir, it is closed at the bottom where it communi-
cates with the reservoir by a lateral tube or a pair of such tubes that extend
across the air passage which annularly surrounds the wick tube. I provide
openings for admission of air to the air chamber, and for the emission of products
of combustion from the upper part of the flame chamber, and when the lamp is
used in exposed situations I guard these openings from currents of air by shields
of any known kind. When the lamp thus constructed is lighted, the air supply
to the flame passes up the heated annular space surrounding the wick tube and is
directed by the deflecting cone against the root of the flame, and such other air
as may find its way past the edges of the reservoir is so far deflected by them
away from the flame that it does not interfere with the combustion. This con-
struction renders unnecessary any tight or accurate fitting of the parts as air may
leak into the interior of the lantern or past the edges of the reservoir without
affecting the action of the lamp.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-HEATING SMOOTHING IRON
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Norris at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1880.
ALFRED NORRIS, of Finsbury Park, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman.
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-HEATING SMOOTHING IRON."
This Invention relates to a new or improved self-heating smoothing iron.
According to my Invention both top and bottom of the iron are finished for the
smoothing process, and the iron is slung in the handle, so that it may be turned
over at will. To heat the iron a lamp (spirit or otherwise) is introduced in any
suitable way that it will not be affected by the turning over of the iron. On the
upper side being heated the iron is turned over, so that the heated surface is
downwards, and the ironing or smoothing process begins. By the time the lower
surface is cooled the upper has become well heated, and the iron is then again
turned over and the process continued. When the iron and handle are in the
correct relative position a suitable catch binds the two, so that there is no vibration
or other motion between them. The lamp may be slung on a centre within the
iron, or be otherwise suitably introduced or applied.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PERAMBULATORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Lloyd at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th June 1880.
JAMES LLOYD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PERAMBULATORS."
My invention consists in the construction of parts of perambulators (being that
class of vehicle employed for carrying persons) so that one portion is capable of
being reversed, the object being to shelter its occupants during any severity of
weather.
I will describe my Invention thus:-I construct the body proper of the vehicle
somewhat as hitherto, and of any desired form to suit my requiremont; to this said
body I permanently secure the handle; the seat, back, and sides, with heel board,
which are independant of the body, I cause to rotate by means of a pin or pivot
passing through, or in some case affixed upon the base or bottom of the vehiclo,
secured by a cotter pin or other suitable means. In order to facilitate the rotary
movement of the said seat and parts which I may designate a chair, I employ a
circular bowl at or near the pivot, traversing the bottom, receiving the weight, and
relieving the pin or pivot of undue strain.