Improvements in Outer Tyres for Vehicle Wheels.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Outer Tyres for Vehicle Wheels.
I, ARTHUR EDWIN MIDDLEWEEK, of No. 21, Nightingale Square, Balham, in
the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The present invention has reference to improvements in outer tyres for vehicle
wheels; the objects being to improve the construction of such tyres and also
the method of fastening them to the felly of the wheel.
It is customary at the present time for the outer tyres, that is to say, the
additional tyres which are placed on the outside of resilient tyres such as rubber
and the like, to protect them from wear and punctures, to be made in one piece
or constructed as a continuous hoop which is shrunk or forced on or held on by
the expansion of the under tyre by inflation, but it is obvious that the said outer
tyre, being in one piece or practically so, destroys the benefit of the resiliency
of the inner tyre when running on uneven roads inasmuch as the outer tyre being
non-resilient causes the wheel to mount and pass over stones or other obstacles
instead of yielding to them by becoming itself depressed.
According to my invention, instead of making the outer tyre in one continuous
piece I build it up of a number of light sections, preferably metal, slightly curved
longitudinally to correspond with the curvature of the circumference of the inner
tyre. The ends of each section are bent or project out laterally at right angles to
the circumference and have slots formed in their ends to receive pins, cottars or
other like fastenings by means of which each section is secured to the felly of the
wheel.
The said fastenings are preferably passed right through the substance of the
felly and through the ends of the section and may protrude somewhat on either
side thereof or be riveted over or have a head on one side and nut on the reverse
side as desired.
It will be understood that the sections, by means of their slots, can ride up
and down on the pins or fastenings so that any unevenness of the road is thereby
compensated for and on riding over an obstacle the section coming in contact
with it becomes depressed and thus no jolting is felt by the occupants of the
vehicle.
The sections are preferably made as light as possible and cut away at the side,
leaving only a band or tread at the centre so as not to interfere with the natural
action of the resilient under-tyre.
The lateral extensions embrace the tyre and extend some distance down the
sides of the felly, and, as above stated are at right angles to the circumference
or radial with the axis of the wheel.
If desired the fastening pins might be integral with the ends of the sections
and project inwards and the corresponding slots for them to ride in provided in
the felly in which case they might be sprung into position.
Deted the 5th day of November 1897.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Outer Tyres for Vehicle Wheels.
I, ARTHUR EDWIN MIDDLEWEEK, of No. 21, Nightingale Square, Balham, in
the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
The present invention has reference to improvements in outer tyres for vehicle
wheels; the object being to improve the construction of such tyres and also
the method of fastening them to the felly of the wheel.
It is customary at the present time for the outer tyres, that is to say, the
additional tyres which are placed on the outside of resilient tyres such as rubber
and the like, to protect them from wear and punctures, to be made in one piece or
constructed as a continuous hoop which is either shrunk or forced on, or held on by
the expansion of the under tyre by inflation, but it is obvious that the said outer
tyre, being in one piece or practically so, destroys the benefit of the resiliency
of the inner tyre when running on uneven roads inasmuch as the outer tyre being
non-resilient causes the wheel to mount and pass over stones or other obstacles
instead of yielding to them by becoming itself indented or depressed.
I will now describe my invention, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings illustrating the same, and in which :-
Figure 1 shews a portion of the felly and tyre of a wheel fitted with my improved
outer protective tyre sections.
Figure 2 is a traverse section corresponding to Figure 1 through the tyres, the
bolt guard and the felly of the wheel.
Figure 3 shews a complete wheel in front elevation fitted with my improved outer
tyre.
Figure 4 is a central section through Figure 3, and
Figure 5 shews, in side elevation, the bolt guard detached.
According to my invention, instead of making the outer tyre in one continuous
piece I build it up of a number of light sections a, preferably of metal, slightly
curved longitudinally to correspond with the curvature of the circumference of
the inner tyre b. The ends c of each section are bent or project out laterally at
right angles to the circumference and have slots d which may be either straight
or curved, formed in their ends to receive bolts, pins, cottars or other like fasten-
ings e by means of which each section is secured to the felly f of the wheel.
The said bolts or other like fastenings e are preferably passed right through the
substance of the felly and through the ends of the outer tyre section and may
protrude somewhat on either side thereof or be riveted over or have a head on one
side and nut on the reverse side as desired and as shewn most clearly in Figure 2.
It will be understood that the sections a, by means of their slots d, can ride up
and down on the bolts, pins or fastenings e, so that any unevenness of the road
is thereby compensated for, and, on the wheel passing over an obstacle, the section
coming in contact with it becomes indented or depressed and thus no jolting is
felt by the occupants of the vehicle.
The sections a are preferably made as light as possible and cut away at the side,
leaving only a band or tread at the centre so as to interfere as little as possible
with the natural action of the resilient tyre beneath.
The lateral extensions c embrace the under-tyre and extend some distance down the
sides of the felly, and, as above stated, are at right angles to the circumference
or radial with the axis of the wheel.
If desired the fastening bolts or pins might be integral with the ends of the

page_text: sections and project inwards, and the corresponding slots for them to ride in pro-
vided in the felly, in which case they might be sprung into position.
As a precaution against the heads of the bolts being sheared off by reason
of the wheel grazing broadside any hard or non-yielding substance, such for
instance as the pavement kerb, I employ a guard in the form of a band which
encircles the wood felly and holds the resilient tyre. This guard-band is provided
with a flange which projects out beyond and over the bolt heads. This flange would
itself come in contact with the kerb or other object and thus protect the bolts
from such damage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. As a component part of an outer tyre or tyre shoe of a vehicle wheel, the
combination of a shield of metal or other hard substance such as a, curved both
longitudinally and transversely to fit the tread of the tyre and having, depending
from the sides, at each end, a rigid lug in which is an elongated hole, adapted to
receive a bolt, and the said bolt adapted to slide freely in the said slot, substantially
as described and set forth.
2. The combination with the felly and resilient tyre of a vehicle wheel, of an
outer hard tyre or tyre shoe composed of a number of separate shields such as a,
arranged around and fitting the tread of the tyre, and secured in position by
bolts so as to be capable of movement in a radial direction, substantially as
described and illustrated.
3. The combination with the felly and resilient tyre of a vehicle wheel, of an
outer hard tyre or tyre shoe composed of a number of separate shields such as a,
arranged around and fitting the tread of the tyre, and secured in position by
bolts so as to be capable of movement in a radial direction, and a flange or rim
standing out around the bolt heads at right angles to the plane of the wheel,
substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated the 5th dor of tucat 1808
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.