CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING WARPS' OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Holroyd, of the City of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Sizer, and Joseph Holroyd Bolton, of Man-
chester, aforesaid, Sizer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING WARPS' OF COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 19th September 1865, and dated the 29th March 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Holroyd and
Joseph Holroyd Bolton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 29th March 1865.
We, RICHARD HOLROYD, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Sizer, and JOSEPH HOLROYD BOLTON, of Manchester aforesaid,
Sizer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IM.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING WARPS OF COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of drying or dispelling moisture
from "
"of cotton or other fibrous substances, and the Invention is par-
ticularly applicable after such processes as sizing or dyeing.
warps
The improvements consist in passing the "warps "in their wet state over a
series of rollers peculiarly arranged in a chamber or room containing heated
air, so that the said "warps" may be submitted to the influence of such heated
air whilst in a state of distension between the said rollers.

page_text: The improved arrangement of apparatus consists of a lofty chamber, which
may be of any convenient dimensions (say thirty feet high by twelve feet long
and twelve feet wide), near the top of which a double series or row of rollers
are mounted in brackets, bars, or bearings, one series above the other, a
similar arrangement of rollers being placed at the lower part of the chamber.
The rollers at the extreme top and bottom of the chamberare of large diameter,
and are furnished with exterior ribs parallel to the axis of each, which are
tapered from the centre of the length towards the ends, over which the warps
pass; these rollers are driven by gearing. The second series, which are vertically
above and below the large rollers being smooth on their surfaces, and are
simply carriers for the warps. Two warps are passed through the apparatus at
the same time, each warp passing under the first large bottom roller (one at
each outside or extreme width), whence it passes up the chamber to the first
small roller, and then down again to the second large roller, and so on until it
passes round the last large bottom roller, from which it passes up to the last
large top roller, and then down again to the next small roller, which causes it
to have its course first between one series of large top rollers and one series of
small bottom rollers, and then between the opposite series of small top rollers
and one series of large bottom rollers, which gives great length of traverse in
a small space; the warp having passed about four times around the rollers then
passes out of the chamber in a dry state. The air with which the chamber is
supplied may be heated from below by means of any suitable stove or heating
apparatus, and the chamber is ventilated and the moisture removed by two
down-draughts taken from over the centre of the chamber, which are connected
with a chimney or up-draught outside the chamber.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Holroyd and Joseph Holroyd Bolton in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 29th September 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
HOLROYD, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Sizer, and
JOSEPH HOLROYD BOLTON, of Manchester aforesaid, Sizer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Richard Holroyd and Joseph Holroyd Bolton, Her special license

page_text: that we, the said Richard Holroyd and Joseph Holroyd Bolton, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard Holroyd
and Joseph Holroyd Bolton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING WARPS' OF COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Richard Holroyd and Joseph Holroyd Bolton, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
per_
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Holroyd Bolton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of dryingor dispelling moisture
from "
warps "of cotton or other fibrous substances, and the Invention is
particularly applicable after such processes as sizing and drying.
The improvements consist in passing the "warps" in their wet state over a
series of rollers peculiarly arranged in a chamber or room containing heated
air, so that the said "warps" may be submitted to the influence of such heated
air whilst in a state of distention between the said rollers.
The improved arrangement of apparatus consists of a lofty chamber, which
may be of any convenient dimensions (say thirty feet high by twelve feet long
and twelve feet wide), near the top of which a double series or row of rollers
are mounted in brackets, bars, or bearings, one series above the other, a
similar arrangement of rollers being placed at the lower part of the chamber.
The rollers at the extreme top and bottom of the chamber are of large diameter,
and are furnished with exterior ribs parallel to the axis of each, which are
tapered from the centre of the length towards the ends, and over which the
warps pass; these rollers are driven by gearing. The second series, which are
vertically above and below the large rollers, are similarly ribbed on their
surfaces, and are simply carriers for the warps. Two warps are passed.
through the apparatus at the same time, each warp passing under the first.

page_text: large bottom roller (one at each outside or extreme width), whence it passes
up the chamber to the first small roller, and then down again to the second
large roller, and so on until it passes round the last large bottom roller, from
which it passes up to the last large top roller, and then down again to the
next small roller, which causes it to have its course first between one series of
large top rollers and one series of small bottom rollers, and then between the
opposite series of small top rollers and one series of large bottom rollers,
which gives great length of traverse in a small space, the warp having passed
about four times around the rollers then passes out of the chamber in a dry
state. The air with which the chamber is supplied may be heated from below
by means of any suitable stove or heating apparatus, and the said chamber is
ventilated and the moisture removed by two down-draughts taken from over
the centre of the chamber, which are connected with a chimney or upright
outside the chamber.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale o
about half inch to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked upon
corresponding parts on all the Figures.
Fig. 1 represents a transverse sectional elevation of the lofty drying room
or chamber containing the rollers, over which the warps, when in a wet or
sized state, are distended, the traverse of the said warps being in the direction
indicated by the arrows, and the warps are represented in blue ; Fig. 2 is a
longitudinal section, and Fig. 3 a plan view of the same, shewing more
particularly the arrangement of driving the rollers.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, a, a, is the drying chamber or room in which the rollers
c, c¹, are arranged, and which are supported upon bearingsb; this room is heated
by a furnace or apparatus underneath the ground floor, the heat therefrom
constantly rising and passing into the main flue out of the ventilating
apertures d. The warps when leaving the warp box pass over the guide roller e
into the drying room, as indicated by the arrows; from thence they are passed
alternately over the driving rollers c, c, and the carrier rollers c', c', when dried,
and are passing out of the room the warps are drawn and pass over the rollerf
and are received or delivered in a dry and finished state in the room g. The
drawing rollers c, c¹, are corrugated or ribbed and slightly convex on their
surface, in order to compensate for the slack which occurs in the
traverse and as it passes from a wet to a dry state.
warp in its
The arrangement of driving the rollers is shewn more clearly in Fig. 3. h is
a vertical shaft supplied with friction wheels i; these wheels actuate the
bowls kat a quicker or slower speed, according to the distance such bowls are

page_text: placed from the centre of the friction wheels i, the horizontal shafts l, l, driving
by the friction bowls k, give motion to the rollers c by means of the bevil
gearing m. The corrugations or ribs on the upper and lower rollers c and c¹
give a constant vibratory motion to the warps respectively between their
surfaces and the guide rods n, which are situated in the chamber midway
between the two sets of rollers; this shaking or vibratory motion prevents the
warps from adhering together or becoming intermingled during their passage
through the drying chamber.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly
understood that we claim,-
First, drying warps by the application of heated air to their surface
during their passage over rollers or whilst in motion, in the manner before
described.
And, secondly, we claim the novel arrangement and combination of the
chamber-heating apparatus, flues, and rollers for effecting the said object,
as herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings
attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Holroyd Bolton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JOSEPH HOLROYD BOLTON. (L.S.)