Improvements in and relating to Type-writers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr.: 1894
Complete Specification Left, 21st Feb., 1895-Accepted, 27th Apr., 1895
[Communicated from abroad by JACOB CALVIN WOLFE, of No. 1476, Lexington
Avenue, in the City of New York, County and State of New York, United
States of America, Accountant.]
Improvements in and relating to Type-writers.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines, and has for its
object to construct an improved type-writer by means of which statements containing
series of figures arranged in a column or columns can be printed while employing
the ordinary type-writer keys and at the same time the said figures are automatically
added so that immediately upon the completion of the printing movements of said
typewriter, the total or totals will be revealed, so that it may be printed at the foot
of a column. By my invention I facilitate the work of making statements; I am
also enabled to make additions with correctness, and to obtain other advantages
and results, some of which will be hereinafter referred to.
The invention consists in the improved typewriting machine; in the improved
adding attachment therefor, and in the arrangements and combinations of the
parts, which I will now proceed to briefly describe.
According to my invention I provide a type-writer of any suitable kind, with
type-operating keys, grouped in any convenient manner, and arranged in connection
with levers, or other suitable mechanisms to operate the types in the manner
common in such machines.
"
The type platen roll and other co-operating parts, are such as at present employed
so that I shall not further describe these devices.
In connection with the finger keys, I provide racks, which engage pinions of an
adding-attachment driving-shaft. Said racks are provided with series of teeth of
various lengths increasing in regular succession corresponding with the figures on
the keys with which they are connected, the teeth on the key corresponding to the
numeral 1, being sufficient to turn the pinion one degree or a distance so related to
the other co-operating parts, as to produce on the numbering disc of the adding
mechanism, a movement equal to one degree, the teeth on the rack of the "2" key
having double the number of teeth of the "1" key, the "3" key having three
times the number and so on in regular succession.
I prefer to have one tooth on the "1" rack, two teeth on the "2" rack, and so on.
When the keys are depressed their full distance, to produce an impression on the
sheet of paper, they will, at the same time, turn the pinious and the shaft connected
therewith, a number of degrees to affect the numbering disc in accordance with the
number of teeth upon the rack, or, otherwise, in accordance with the degree of
movement of the shaft carrying the disc operating device.
The said driving shaft extends laterally beyond the group of keys and the frame
of the typewriting portion of the machine, into a casing having numbered discs
arranged therein. The said numbered discs have ratcheted or geared peripheries,
and numbers from 0 to 9 inclusive thereon. These discs are so related one to the
other, as to turn ten degrees or movements, and then affect the next laterally

page_text: adjacent disc in the manner common in adding mechanisms. Said discs, or numbering
heads, are prevented from moving unduly by means of a pawl, or other suitable
devices. The said discs are arranged on a shaft, within the casing, and are driven
by a toothed driving wheel, arranged upon the driving shaft, which wheel is
movable laterally on the said shaft, so as to engage the said discs, one after another,
as the carriage of the typewriter moves laterally in the ordinary manner.
'The
said driving wheel is governed in its lateral movements, by an arm, connected with
the said carriage of the type-writer, so as to secure in the adding head or attachment,
a movement of the wheel, that is simultaneous with, and equal in distance to the
lateral and intermitting movements of the carriage.
Back movement of the driving, shaft, with the return movement of the keys,
after the latter have been depressed by the finger, is prevented by any suitable
ratchet or pawl mechanisms, the pinion being loose on a shaft, and governed by the
ratchet and pawl in any suitable manner.
I prefer to secure a movement of the driving wheel, and connecting rod, in a
direction opposite to that of the laterally moving carriage, and to secure this result
I employ, in connection with said carriage, a rack, an oppositely moving carrier
having a corresponding rack, and a pinion, interposed between the two racks, so
that when the carriage moves in one direction, it will cause an opposite movement
of the frame or carrier. In this case the said carrier receives the connecting rod,
and operates the driving wheel on the driving shaft. Other means may be
employed to secure the opposite movement of the frame for driving the disc
operating wheel. The driving shaft is preferably in sections, one of the said
sections carrying the pinions is longitudinally movable from the section carrying
the disc operating or driving wheel, so that when it is desired to operate the type-
writing machine and its finger pieces, for other purposes than writing figures or
numerals of the column to be added, the said pinion section may be moved
longitudinally (a handle or finger piece being employed for that purpose) so as to
disengage the pinions from the racks on the finger keys. Any suitable coupling
device may be employed to admit of a longitudinal movement of the pinion
carrying section to disengage the said pinions from the racks. The preferred
coupling consists of a slotted tube fixed to one section into which the other section
works; its movement being limited by a pin, arranged in the slot of the tube.
To prevent more than one key being depressed at one time and thus causing an
interference of parts, I have provided beneath the levers a series of sliding blocks
or pieces, which are separable one from the others, the joints or openings between
being directly beneath the key levers. The slot in which they work of a length
equal to the lengths of the several blocks plus the thickness of one and one only,
of said levers so that when any one of said levers is pressed down, it enters the
joint beneath and the blocks slide laterally to admit an entrance between.
should two levers be depressed simultaneously, both will be prevented from making
an effective action because of a lack of space to allow a sufficient lateral movement
of the blocks.
半
But
The index device may be placed on any part of the machine within sight of the
operator, the pointer on the laterally moving part and the spaced indicating marks
on the stationary part of the frame. I sometimes make holes for the indicating
marks which holes receive a pin against which the pointer impinges and by which
the lateral movement of the pointer and its carriage is stopped. The pin is
changeable in its position or can be removed from one hole and placed in another at
the will of the operator.
In operating the device, the columns of figures are simply written in type in the
ordinary manner, the specific operations of type operating parts varying in
accordance with the construction of the machine employed. The movements of
the keys are transmitted to the adding head by means of the driving shaft, and its
co-operating parts and the adding discs are turned and the additions made
automatically.
.1.
At the bottom of the column, the operator simply takes the total from the face

page_text: of the adding head, and writes it as a total and the work is complete. Thus a
great saving of time is effected, and correctness assured as will be evident.
I am perfectly well aware that changes may be made in the mechanisms without
departing from the spirit of the invention, and, therefore, I do not wish to be
understood as limiting myself to the specific devices hereinabove described.
Dated this 28th day of April 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Type-writers.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine Lake & Co. Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of typewriting
machines, having the type operable finger-keys, type and co-operating mechanisms
for writing both words and numbers in the ordinary manner, the objects of the
present improvements being to enable statements containing series of figures
arranged in a column, or a plurality of the columns, one independent of the other
on the sheet, to be printed while employing the ordinary finger keys, and in
connection with the operation of writing words or phrases with which said figures
have a relation, and, at the same time that the column, or the independent columns,
of figures is being formed to add said column or columns of figures, as that, upon
the completion of the work of printing the sheet, the total or totals will be revealed
and may be printed by the operator at the foot of the column or columns without
any mental calculations. whatever. Further objects are to facilitate the work of
preparing statements and to do so with greater correctness and in a manner more
easily readable after preparation, and to obtain other advantages and results, some
of which will be referred to hereinafter in connection with the description of the
working parts.
The invention is more particularly serviceable in connection with the work of
railroad auditors' offices in making out the statements of claims of connecting
railroads, or in apportioning moneys due from the one road issuing the tickets to
other roads over which the passengers were carried by said tickets.
In the work of tabulating the results of business and reporting the same to said
connecting lines, it is frequently necessary to prepare statements containing a
number of independent columns, each of which is to be added separately. Similar
columns of figures are made in the operation of classifying the earnings of the
road into 1st. 2d. and 3d, class and excursion fares, as will be understood.
In this work, and in other work to which the invention can be applied, it is
necessary to provide a machine which can be readily operated to effect a writing
and a corresponding addition, in any one of the plurality or series of columns, without
affecting the others. It is also necessary to secure such a writing with comparative
ease, with certainty of result and uniformity of impression.
With these ends in view, I have provided a machine which I will proceed to
describe.
The invention consists in the improved typewriting machine; in the improved
adding attachment therefor, and in the arrangements and combinations of the parts,
substantially as will be hereinafter set forth, and finally embraced in the clauses of
the claim.

page_text: Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in each of the figures,
Figure is a front elevation of a portion of a typewriter, having embodied
therein the adding mechanisms;
Figure 1 is a modified construction, which, under certain circumstances, is
preferred; Figure 1B is a section of the same, taken at line <;
Figure 2 is a detail side elevation of a finger-key, showing a rack and pinion
adapted to operate the driving shaft of the adding mechanisms;
Figure 3 is a detail, illustrating more clearly the construction of the adding
discs and driving mechanisms;
Figure 4 is a section through line y, and
Figures 5 and 6 are details of indices, which may be employed in connection with
the machine, as hereinafter more particularly described.
In said drawings, a, indicates the frame of a typewriting machine, of any suitable
kind, adapted to write words and phrases and in addition having numbered
type 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, for printing said characters, b, is the type-operating
keys, grouped in any convenient manner, and arranged in connection with levers,
or other suitable mechanisms, to operate the types in the manner common in
typewriting machines.
The type, platen roll and other co-operating parts, being all old, it is deemed
unnecessary to illustrate and describe the same.
In connection with said finger keys, are racks, c, shown more clearly in Figure 2,
which engage pinions d, of an adding attachment driving-shaft e, said racks are
provided with varying series of teeth, the numbers of teeth in each series
increasing in regular succession corresponding with. the figures on the keys with
which they are connected. The teeth on the key corresponding to the numeral 1,
being sufficient to turn the pinion one degree or a distance so related to the other
co-operating parts, as to produce on the numbering disc of the adding machine, a
movement equal to one degree. The teeth on the rack of the "2" key having
double the number of teeth of the "1" key, the "3" key, having three times the
number, and so on in regular succession until the ninth rack, which has nine teeth.
I prefer to have one tooth on the "1" rack, two teeth on the "2" rack, and
so on.
When the keys are depressed their full distance, to produce an impression on
the sheet of paper, they will, at the same time, turn the pinions and the shaft
connected therewith, a number of degrees to affect the adding device in accordance
with the number of teeth upon the rack, or, otherwise, in accordance with the
degree of movement of the shaft, e, carrying the disc operating device.
The said driving shaft, e, extends laterally beyond the group of keys and the
frame of the typewriting portion of the machine, to a casing, A, having numbered
discs or wheels, g, arranged therein. The said numbered discs have ratcheted or
geared peripheries, and numbers from 0 to 9 inclusive thereon. These discs are
so related one to the other, as to turn ten degrees or movements, and then effect
the next laterally adjacent disc or wheel to the left in the manner common
in adding mechanisms. Said discs, are prevented from moving unduly by means
of a pawlf, or other suitable devices. The said discs or wheels g, are arranged
on a shaft, within the casing, and are driven by a toothed wheel, i, arranged
upon the driving shaft e. Said wheel, i, is movable laterally on the shaft e, so as
to engage the said discs g, one after another, as the carriage of the typewriter
moves laterally in the ordinary manner, the said wheel, i, being governed in its
lateral movements, by an arm j, connected with the said carriage, k, so as to
secure in the adding attachment, a movement of the wheel, i, that is simultaneous
wth, and equal in distance to the lateral and intermitting movements of the
carriage.
Back movement of the shaft e, with the return movement of the keys, after the
latter have been depressed by the finger, is prevented by any suitable ratchet or
pawl mechanisms shown in Figure 2, the pinions, d, being loose on the shaft, and

page_text: governed by the ratchet and pawl in any suitable manner. I prefer to secure a
movement of the wheel, i, and connecting rod j, in a direction opposite to that of
the laterally moving carriage, and to secure this result, I employ, in connection
with said carriage, a rack 1, and oppositely moving carrier m, having a corre-
sponding rack, and a pinion n, interposed between the two racks, so that, when the
carriage moves in one direction, it will cause an opposite movement of the frame, m
The said carrier m, receives in this case, the connecting rod j, and operates the
wheel i, on the driving shaft, as will be understood upon reference to Figure 14.
Other means may be employed to secure the opposite movement of the frame
for driving the disc operating wheel. The driving shaft, e, is preferably in
sections e, e. The section el carrying the pinions, is longitudinally movable
from the section el, carrying the disc operating wheel, i, so that when it is desired
to operate the typewriting machine, and its finger pieces, for other purposes than
writing figures or numerals of the column to be added, the said section e' may be moved
longitudinally, (a handle or finger piece el, being employed for that purpose), so
as to disengage the pinions from the racks on the finger keys. Any suitable
coupling device may be employed to admit of a longitudinal movement of the
pinion carrying section to disengage the pinions from the racks. The preferred
coupling consists of a slotted tube e, fixed to one section, into which the other
section works, its movement being limited by a pin, el, arranged in the slot of
the tube.
To prevent more than one key being depressed at one time and thus causing an
interference of parts, I have provided beneath the levers, as shown in Figure 1,
a series of sliding blocks or pieces, o, which are separable one from the others, the
joints or openings between being directly beneath the key levers. The slot in
which they work, is of a length equal to the lengths of the several blocks plus the
thickness of one, and one only, of said levers and so when any one of said levers is
pressed down, it enters the joint beneath and the blocks slide laterally to admit an
entrance between. But should two levers be depressed simultaneously both will
be prevented from making an effective action because of a lack of space to allow
a sufficient lateral movement of the blocks, all as will be understood.
The index device shown in Figure 5, may be placed on any part of the machine
within sight of the operator, the pointer, p, on the laterally moving part and the
spaced indicating marks, q, on the stationary part of the frame. In Figure 6,
the indicating marks are shown to be holes to receive a pin, r, against which the
pointer impinges and by which the lateral movement of the pointer and its
carriage is stopped. The pin is changeable in its position or can be removed
from one hole and be placed in another at the will of the operator.
In operating the device, the columns of figures are simply written in type in the
ordinary manner, the specific operations of type-operating parts varying in
accordance with the construction of the machine employed. The movements of
the keys are transmitted to the adding attachment by means of the shaft, e, and
its co-operating parts and the adding wheels are turned and the additions made
automatically.
At the bottom of the column, the operator simply takes the total from the face
of the adding attachment, and writes it as a total and the work is complete. Thus
a great saving of time is effected, and correctness assured as will be evident.
Where a series of plurality of columns are to be formed and added in statement
work, as above indicated, it is evident, that there must be a series or plurality of
adding attachments, having adding wheels therein, in correspondence with the
columus to be written. By the construction described it is evident that the
wheel, i, on the Eait, e, and controlled in its lateral movements by the arm, j, can
be thrown from one adding head or attachment to another, the said adding attach-
ment remaining stationary and the wheels, i, alone being operated.
I am thus enabled to operate to secure the desired word and number writing,
and the adding of the columns, without being compelled to move the whole of the
adding attachment or attachments at every depression of the numbered keys, as in

page_text: other machines of which I am aware, an operation which would require an
expenditure of very considerable power on the part of the operator, and, in the
event of eight or ten columns being printed and added simultaneously a number
frequently and ordinarily required in the line of work specified, an operation that
would be practically impossible.
In my improvement, the operation of the finger key simply turns the shaft e,
wheel i, and auy of the several wheels of any of the several adding heads with
which it may be in engagement, and each of the said adding attachments,
corresponding with the columns, stands stationary at the side of the main type-
writing machine in no way clogging its movements, excepting as described.
I am perfectly well aware that changes may be made in the mechanisms without
departing from the spirit of the invention, and, therefore, I do not wish to be
understood as limiting myself to the specific devices shown and described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The improved type-writing and adding machine herein described, in which is
combined with the type-writing body portion, having finger keys and the
carriage, k, an adding attachment fixed at the side of said body portion containing
adding wheels and a shaft extending from said type-writing body portion to the
attachment, and controlling the rotation of the wheel, i, by which rotation is
imparted to the adding wheel, an arm extending from the carriage and controlling
the lateral movements of said wheel and said wheel i, adapted to move laterally
from adding wheel to adding wheel and effect a turning of the same, substantially
as set forth.
2. The improved type-writing and adding machine, herein described in which is
combined with the type-writing body portion, having a carriage, k, and keys,
adding wheels, immovable laterally with the carriage, means in train with the
keys, for rotating said adding wheels and means in train with the carriage for
laterally moving the rotating means from one adding wheel to another, sub-
stantially as set forth.
3. The combination in a type-writing machine, with the group of keys, of an
adding attachment arranged at one side of said group and having a series of
numbered wheels standing stationary with respect to lateral movement, a shaft
operated by said keys and extending to said attachment and thereat carrying
means for operating said wheels, substantially as set forth.
4. The improved type-writing and adding machine, in which is combined with
the type-writing body portion and the adding attachment, keys arranged in said
type-writing body portion and having racks, c, and a shaft, having pinions
engaging said racks, said shaft extending from said body portion to and operating
the wheels of said adding attachment, substantially as set forth.
5. The combination in a type-writing machine, of type-operating keys b, racks
having graduated teeth, pinions operated by said racks, and a shaft carrying said
pinions and extending to an adding attachment and thereat having a toothed
wheel for engaging the numbered discs of said adding attachment, said adding
attachment baving said discs, substantially as set forth.
6. The improved type-writing and adding machine in which is combined with
the type-writing body portion, having a laterally movable paper carrying frame,
and an arm j, extending therefrom to the adding attachment, and having a shaft e,
connecting the type-writing body portion and the adding attachment, said shaft
being operable by the type-writing keys and carrying an adding wheel operating
wheel, said wheel, i, being movable laterally by said arm j, and an adding
attachment containing adding wheels, substantially as set forth.
7. The improved type-writing and adding machine, in which is combined with
the type-operating keys and the adding attachment, the former having graduated
racks, of a sectional shaft connecting with the adding attachment and having

page_text: pinions engaged by said racks, the sections carrying said pinions, being longi-
tudinally movable to throw the said pinions into and from engagement with the
racks, and a coupling for the said sections, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 18th day of January 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.