Improvements in Ventilators for Railway and other Carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators for Railway and other Carriages.
I, JOHN ROCHFORD, of 4 Clarinda Park West, Kingstown, in the County of
Dublin, Ireland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The type of ventilating apparatus to which this invention relates, is that in
which the ventilating action is chiefly caused by the passing of a portion of the
apparatus through the air by the motion of the carriage or vehicle on which it is
mounted, and whereby an exhaustion or rarefacation of air is caused within the
apparatus, and so causes the upward flow of air from the carriage or vehicle to
the part directly exhausted, to take place, and finally to be discharged from it.
According to this Invention, an exhaust ventilating apparatus of the kind
referred to comprises a conical annular cowl or cap, over the outside, and through
the space within the annulus of which, the air passes when in action, this cowl or
cap being mounted on a pivot vertically arranged and about which it is free to
revolve, the axis of the cowl or cap being at right angles, namely, horizontal.
The pivot or support may consist of a tube, the lower end of which is closed; and
this pivot is carried in a tube in which it fits, also having its lower end closed, and
between the ends of these two tubes, balls are provided, forming an anti-friction
pivot or footstep. Centrally, and outside these tubes there is provided on the
underside of the exhausting cowl or cap, a cylinder, which fits outside a cylindrical
funnel or tube mounted on the carriage roof or other part of the vehicle, and
through which the flow of air therefrom, to the annular space of the cowl or cap
takes place. On a bar or bridge in this tube or funnel the pivot supporting the
tube is mounted. The outside of this funnel or tube may also be recessed and a
collar at the upper end provided, under which a pin or screw, passed through the
outer cylinder of the cowl, works, and by which it is kept down in position; while
at the lower part is a second collar, and about these collars the cowl rotates freely.
The cowl or cap is closed in front about the annular part, while the back end of
this annular part is open, and at this part the exhaustion of air from the carriage
by the passage of external air over the edges of the annular plates, is effected.
Within the carriage, or at the under side of the tube or funnel referred to, a
suitable regulator, as a disc with apertures in it, working in connection with
another disc or plate, is provided, by which the degree of exhaustion and
ventilation is controiled at will.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators for Railway and other Carriages.
I, JOHN ROCHFORD, of 4 Clarinda Park West, Kingstown, in the County of
Dublin, Ireland, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The type of ventilating apparatus to which this invention relates, is that in
which the ventilating action is chiefly caused by the passing of a portion of the
apparatus through the air by the motion of the carriage or vehicle on which it is
mounted, and whereby an exhaustion or rarifacation of air is caused within the
apparatus, and so causes the upward flow of air from the carriage or vehicle to the
part directly exhausted, to take place, and finally to be discharged from it.
According to this invention, an exhaust ventilating apparatus of the kind
referred to comprises a conical annular cowl or cap, over the outside, and through
the space within the annulus of which, the air passes when in action, this cowl or
cap being mounted on a pivot vertically arranged and about which it is free to
revolve, the axis of the cowl or cap being at right angles, namely, horizontal.
The pivot or suppore may consist of a tube, the lower end of which is closed; and
this pivot is carried in a tube in which it fits, also having its lower end closed, and
between the ends of these two tubes, balls are provided, forming an anti-friction
pivot or footstep. Centrally, and outside these tubes there is provided on the
inderside of the exhausting cowl or cap, a cylinder, which fits outside a cylindrical
funnel or tube mounted on the carriage roof or other part of the vehicle, and
through which the dow of air therefrom, to the annular space of the cowl or cap
takes place. On a bar or bridge in this tube or funnel the pivot supporting the
tube is mounted. The outside of this funnel or tube may also be recessed and a
collar at the upper end provided, under which a pin or screw, passed through the
outer cylinder of the cowl, works, and by which it is kept down in position; while
at the lower part is a second collar, and about these collars the cowl rotates freely.
The cowl or cap is closed in front about the annular part, while the back end of
this annular part is open, and at this part the exhaustion of air from the carriage
by the passage of external air over the edges of the annular plates, is effected.
Within the carriage, or at the under side of the tube or funnel referred to, a
suitable regulator, a disc with apertures in it, working in connection with
another disc or plate, is provided, by which the degree of exhaustion and
ventilation is controiled at will.
Having thus generally described the object, nature and effects of this invention,
I will now proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying sheet of
drawings, on which is illustrated an apparatus comprising my improvements. In
the various figures the same parts are designated by the same letters of reference,
which correspond with those used in the following explanation.
Figure is a sectional elevation of an apparatus according to this invention for
ventilating railway carnages; Figure 2 is an end elevation of the apparatus; and
Figure 3 is a half plan at Figure 1. Figure 4 is a sectional elevation, and
Figure 5 is a plan of the regulator for controlling the degree of exhaustion through
the ventilator.
Referring to the drawings, a designates generally the conical annular cowl, and
6 the cylinder or tube through which the air passes to it, and by which it is
supported. c is the cylindrical funnel or tube which supports the tube or

page_text: cylinder bit is mounted on the carriage roof, or other part of the vehicle; and
through which the flow of air therefrom, to the annular space a¹ of the conical
cowl a takes place.
The annular space a¹ of the cowl is closed in front at a³, and open at the back
end; while the internal space a is open at each end, and constitutes a passage
for the flow of motor air through it.
The weight of the cowl a is borne by a central pivot or support, ccnsisting of
a tube d, fixed on the cowl and having its lower end d¹ closed; a tube e in which
the tube d fits, and having its end e also closed; and balls between the
ends de. The baiis provide an anti-friction pivot or footstep: if desired,
anti-friction balls can also be provided at other parts between the tubes d and e.
The outside of the funnel or tube c is recessed, and a collar c is provided at the
upper end, and another callar, c2, at the lower end. At these two points the tube b
is supported by, and bears upon the tube c; and about them the cowl can freely
swing or rotate. 31 are pins or screws passed through the cylinder which keep
the cowl down in position.
With reference to Figures 4 and 5, i designates a regulator plate or disc; and
ka hollow disc or flange in connection with which it works is a screwed boss
carried on the flange by the bar 2; and j is a screw on the regulator plate i, by
means of which the plate i can be moved away from or up to the flange k, so as to
leave a larger or smaller space between the plate i and the flange k, or to close it
altogether. This regulator is placed in the case of a railway or like carriage,
on the inside of the roof-below the tube or funnel c; and the degree of exhaustion
or ventilation therethrough is controlled, at will, by moving the piate a greater or
less distance from the flange k.
In action, the air which serves as the motor air for extracting the air from the
space to be ventilated, passes both the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular
chamber a', that which passes over the inner wall being admitted by the through
open passage 3; and as these two currents of air flow past the open back end of the
annular chamber a', they produce a double-i.e. external and internal-extracting
er exhausting action upon the annular film or shaft of air at the end of this
chamber, and hence produce the removal of a large quantity of air, and rendering
thereby a high efficiency for a given size of apparatus.
I would have it understood that my Invention is not in all parts confined to
the exact construction shewn in and set forth with reference to the drawings, as,
in its application under different conditions and circumstances, it will have to be.
adapted and constructed to meet the special or particular requirements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A ventilator having a tapered or coned annular part, with its axis
horizontally disposed, and closed at the front end and open at the back, and so
constructed that the motor air passes through the centre and over the outside of
said annular part; and a tube connected with the outer wall of the annular part
and with the space to be ventilated: substantially as set forth.
2. The herein described improved ventilating apparatus, consisting of an
annular space or chamber a¹, a space or internal passage through which the
motor air can pass, and a vertical tube carrying the annular parts, and through
which air from the space to be ventilated passes to the said annular space;
substantially as set forth.
3. In a ventilating apparatus, the combination of a conical annular cowl a;
a tube b connected with and carrying the cowl; an internal tube on which the
lube b fits and revolves, and a central support or bearing by which the weight of
the parts a, b, is carried: operating substantially as set forth.

page_text: 4. Ventilating apparatus having parts constructed and arranged, and adapted
to operate as herein set forth with reference to and shewn in the drawings.
Dated this 9th day of June, 1897.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.