IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM MACHINERY FOR ROLLING ROADS OR WAYS, AND IN OTHER ENGINES, CARRIAGES, AND APPARATUS PROPELLED BY STEAM ON COMMON ROADS, WAYS, AND SURFACES
Year: 1864

page_text: 註
LETTERS PATENT to Michael Henry, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
MACHINERY FOR ROLLING ROADS OR WAYS, AND IN OTHER ENGINES, CARRIAGES,
AND APPARATUS PROPELLED BY STEAM ON COMMON ROADS, WAYS, AND
SURFACES." A communication from abroad by the Société E. Gellerat et
.Compagnie, of 33, Boulevart Saint Martin, Paris, France.
Sealed the 7th April 1865, and dated the 13th October 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Henry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
October 1864.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM MACHINERY FOR ROLLING ROADS OR WAYS, AND IN OTHER ENGINES, CAR-
RIAGES, AND APPARATUS PROPELLED BY STEAM ON COMMON ROADS, WAYS, AND
SURFACES," communicated to me from abroad by the Société E. Gellerat et
Compagnie, of 33, Boulevart Saint Martin, Paris, France, to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to stean machinery for rolling roads and ways, and
to other engines, carriages, and apparatus propelled by steam on common
roads, ways, and surfaces.
The wheels or rollers on which the apparatus travels and is supported, and
which, when worked by the engine propel it in either direction, will also steer

page_text: it when their axles are moved out of the parallel and caused to converge at
the ends.
For moving the ends of the axles, they, instead of being fixtures, may be
-suspended to the frame by brackets with friction rollers, and moved by a worm
or screw-double-threaded; this-worm or screw, which is attached to the frame, a
takes at the ends into nuts on the axles, and-is-worked by handles or bevil
gear or otherwise.
For communicating motion to the rollers or wheels a jointed connecting
rod may be used, attached at one end to an arm of the last toothed wheel of
the train of wheels driven by the engine, and at the other to an arm or spoke
of the roller or wheels, the toothed wheel is on the axle box, but is not a
fixture on it, so that motion may be transmitted to and from it, notwith-
standing the variation of position of the axles. Band or pitch chains may
be used for driving the toothed wheels.
varving the speed of the horizontal shafts without altering that of the
engine, a cranкeu-u.
engine may transmit motion to the
shafts by two sets of gearing of different pitch, arrangement, size, or number
of teeth, so that the velocity will be varied according as to which set is in gear.
Springs are used between the axle and frame of the carriages, either between
the axle and the "longeron," or outside above or below it. A
The axle boxes are preferably oval, and are supported laterally and guided
in their up and down play by the guards, so that the toothed wheel on the axle
box may always maintain its position with regard to the roller or wheels,
as if there were no springs.
The guards may be attached to the axle box or to the "longeron" (long
bar), which may be supported at one end by springs resting on the axle box,
and provided with friction rollers.

page_text: reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Michael Henry, Her special licence that I, the said Michael Henry, niy
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Michael
Henry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
MACHINERY FOR ROLLING ROADS OR WAYS, AND IN OTHER ENGINES, CARRIAGES, AND
APPARATUS PROPELLED BY STEAM ON COMMON ROADS, WAYS, AND SURFACES," com-
municated to me from abroad by the Société E. Gellerat et Compagnie, of
33, Boulevart Saint Martin, Paris, France, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Michael Henry, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause. the samo to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office.within six calendar months next and immediately
after, the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Henry, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the samé is to be
performed, to be particularly described and 'ascertained in and by the fol
lowing statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:_
The. Invention relates to steam machinery for rolling roads and ways, and
also to other. engines, carriages, and apparatus propelled by steam on common
roads, ways, and surfaces.
The wheels or rollers on which the improved machinery or apparatus travels
and is supported, and which when worked by the steam engine propel it in
either direction, will also be made to steer or turn it to either side by moving
their axles out of the parallel and causing them to converge at the ends.
For moving the ends of the axles for that purpose the axles instead of
being fixtures are suspended to the frame by brackets with friction rollers,
and are moved by a double-threaded worm or screw, which is attached to the
frame and takes at the ends into nuts on the axles, and is worked by handles,
and bevil gear or otherwise.
"
For communicating motion to the rollers or wheels a connecting rod or
crank arm is jointed at one end to a radial arm of the last toothed wheel driven
by the engine, and at the other to a radial arm or spoke of the roller or
bearing wheel; the toothed wheel is on the axle box, so that motion may be

page_text: transmitted to and from it, notwithstanding the variation of position of the
axles.. Band or pitch chains are used for driving this toothed wheel.
For varying the speed of the horizontal shafts without altering that of the
engine a cranked-axis-worked by-the-engine transmits-motion to the shafts_by_
two sets of gearing of different size or number of teeth, so that the velocity
will be varied according as to which set is in gear. Springs are used between
the axle and frame of the carriages, either between the axle and the
"longeron" (longitudinal frame bar), or outside above or below it.
The accompanying Drawings exemplify the manner of performing the
Invention.
..
Figures 1 and 3.are views of opposite sides of a steam road rolling machine
constructed according to these improvements, and especially applicable for
crushing stones for macadamizing roads; Figure 2 is an end view.
A, B, are wheels or rollers, which act both as bearing wheels and pro-
pelling wheels, and are driven in the same manner by a steam engine mounted
on the main framing C, supported by the wheels A, B. These wheels are
mounted on.axles a, b, which are not fastened rigidly to the framing, but are
so fitted therein as to be capable of converging to either side or moving out
of the parallel, whereby they steer or turn the machine to the right or left,
that is to say, each axle works at one side of the framing C on a pole pin
fixed to the framing, so that at the opposite side its end may be moved to the
right or left, whereby the axles converge or are brought nearer or further
from each other at that end, and thereby. move the machine to the side
required. But when it is to travel in a straight line the axles remain parallel
to each other. The direction of motion is reversed by reversing the engine.
The pins on which the axles work are on the same side of the framing, and
on this side also are the arrangements by which motion is communicated from
the steam engine to the axles. For this purpose motion is transmitted from
the engine through toothed wheels, the last one of which is connected by an
endless chain or band chain with a toothed wheel or chain wheel mounted on
the axle box or grease box, in which the end of the axle (a or b) works, such
axle or grease box is oval internally to allow the axle the required play when
it turns on the pin to move the machine to the right or left. This toothed or
chain wheel transmits motion to the wheel or roller (A or B) on the axle
(a or b) by means of a crank arm or short connecting rod jointed at one end
-to one of the radial arms of the toothed or chain wheel, and at the other end
to one of the radial arms of the wheel or roller (A or B). The toothed
wheels being mounted as described on the axle box, they will not be thrown
out of place when the axles converge, and the jointed connecting rod or crank

page_text: arm will continue to transmit motion therefrom to the wheel or roller on the
axle whatever the position of such axle, or whatever the angle of the plane of
the arms of the wheel or roller to the plane of the toothed wheel, that-is to
say, whether the axles be parallel or whether they converge or move out-of
the parallel.
:
Figure 3 shows the arrangements whereby the ends of the axles are caused
tó converge or are brought nearer to or farther from each other. dis a right-
and-left-handed worm or screw rod.worked by bevel wheels. actuated-by a
handle e. This screw or worm is fitted to the framework C at its centre, and
it works through two nuts attached by rigid rods to the ends of the axles,
which are connected with the framework by being fitted in brackets con-
taining friction rollers.
Figures 4 and 4* are diagrams illustrating the two sets of gearing for
transmitting motion at different velocities from the steam engine to the hori-
zontal driving shaft, whence motion is communicated to the axles. Sometimes
the longitudinal frame, bars of the carriage bear directly on the axles without
intermediate springs, but it is preferable to employ springs as in the various
"arrangements shown in Figures 5 to 13 inclusively. These springs may be
fitted between the axle and the longitudinal frame bar (longeron) or outside
it, and either above or below it. Instead of using only a single set or train
of wheels for communicating motion from the cranked shaft. of the steam
.engine to the horizontal shafts or axles whereby the machine is driven, two
sets or trains of wheels may be used for the purpose, differing as to their size
or number of teeth, so that one such set will drive the shaft at a greater speed
than the other; hence by putting one or other set into gear with the shaft its
speed will be varied accordingly, without varying that of the engine. . This is
illustrated by the diagrams Fig. 4 and Fig. 4*; Fig. 4 shewing the gearing
for ordinary purposes, Fig. 4* that for inclines. a is the steam engine
cranked shaft; b*, the horizontal driving shaft of the axles a, b.
When the improvements are applied to traction or portable engines, the axles
of the bearing or propelling wheels are driven from the centre, and are turned
thereon by the following arrangements:-On the axle box of each axle is a
frame, on which is a hoop or ring, into which fits another hoop or ring con-
nected with the general framework. These rings may be in direct contact with
each other, or friction rollers may be interposed between them, so that each axle
will work like the fore axle of ordinary four-wheeled carriages, except that
two rings are used instead of a pole pin and socket, and the arrangements
whereby motion is transmitted from the engine may be placed within the
rings. Ir these engines the frame of the locomotive or steam engine may be

page_text: .keyed fast to the frame of the carriage, so that the driving shafts of the former
(on which the wheels turn freely) may be directly over those of the latter, and
act as the main horizontal driving shafts, two pinions being keyed thereon,
which are connected-by,band, chains, or endless chains with chain wheels on
the carriage axles, the chains being sufficiently. flexible to keep the wheels in
gear, even when the axles converge or are moved out of the parallel.. Some-
times instead, of using chains for transmitting motion, an upright axis may be
employed having on its ends bevel wheels. in gear with other bevel. wheels,
one of which is on the horizontal driving shaft, and the other on the axle of
the driving wheel; the lower end of the axis works in. a step-fixed to the
stationary ring, and the upper end in a cap fixed to the general framework.
When springs are used with the chains spring stretching-pieces are also used
and caused to bear against the chains, and when springs are used with the
upright axis the upper bevel wheel is mounted in a bracket turning in the cap
in which the upper end of the axis works, the bracket being attached 'to the
axis by a long cotter working in a long slot, so that it turns with the 'axis,
but allows the latter a certain longitudinal play in the bracket, regulated by
the tension of the springs. The axles are caused to converge or moved out of
the parallel by a pair of horizontal levers fixed to the rings, supported by the
¡framing connected with the axles; the free. ends of these levers are brought
nearer to or farther from each other, and may for that purpose be worked
both at the same time by a horizontal transverse screw carrying a nut, to-
which the ends of the levers are connected by stays, or a pair of transverse
screws may be used instead of a single one, so, that each lever (and therefore
.each axle) may be worked or caused to converge separately; instead of both
levers' together.
Having now described the nature of the said: Invention, and in what manner
the same may be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First, the improved apparatus, 'engine, or machine herein-before described
in respect of the arrangement and combination of parts of which the same
(consists, as herein set forth.
Second; the employment of two axles carrying wheels, which act both as
-propelling and as bearing wheels, and are driven by the steam or other motive
engine in the same manner, substantially as described:
Third, the employment of axles caused to converge, substantially in the
manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth, the method of driving the axles, whether at the same side of the
.frame or at the centre, as described.
$
Fifth, the arrangement and combination of parts for driving the axles, also

page_text: the arrangement and combination of parts for causing them to converge, as
herein-before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Henry, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of April, in the year One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
S. E. A. NEWSOME,
Patent Office,
84, Fleet Street..
M. HENRY. (L.S.)