IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PASTE AND CARD BOARD, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Jones, of Watling Street, in the City of
London, Card and Paste Board Manufacturer, and George Edward
Wilkinson, of Brunswick Place, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PASTE AND CARD BOARD, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN, WHICH
APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 23rd March 1869, and dated the 26th September 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joshua Jones and
George Edward Wilkinson, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 26th September 1868.
We, JOSHUA JONES, of Watling Street, in the City of London, Card
and Paste Board Manufacturer, and GEORGE EDWARD WILKINSON, of
Brunswick Place, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PASTE AND CARD BOARD, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,
WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of

page_text: paste and card board and in apparatus employed therein, which apparatus
is also applicable to other purposes.
In the manufacture of paste and card board we employ a machine
consisting of two rollers, between which paste is supplied by a hopper or
bottomless trough fitting to the rollers; or the rollers may each revolve
partially immersed in a paste trough. Underneath the rollers is a table
on which the papers to form the board are accumulated. The method of
working is then as follows:-The paper to form one of the surfaces of
the board is laid face downwards on the table, then a boy passes a paper
suitable for the middle of the board downwards through the paste rollers,
and the sheet thoroughly pasted is received by another boy at the under
side of the rollers, and he places it on the table over the sheet already
upon it, and then again over this he places another sheet suitable to
form the other surface of the board. The combined sheets are then
removed to be pressed together, as is usual. To make a thicker board
two or more middle sheets may be placed one over the other on the
lower surface sheet before laying on the upper surface sheet. Or to
make a board of two sheets only, two middle sheets may be passed
together between the paste rollers and then separated; they will each
be pasted on one side only, and the pasted side of each receives a surface
sheet.
Another arrangement for pasting the sheets consists of two endless
aprons distended on rollers, which rollers also nip one against the other
at each end of the aprons. The aprons are made of india-rubber or
waterproof material, and on the upper one a small stream of cementing
material flows, whilst the lower apron is deflected downwards into a
cement trough; thus the two aprons become coated with the cementing
material on the surfaces which come together. The sheets to be
cemented are passed in between the rollers at one end of the aprons, and
they are carried forward between them until they are discharged at the
other end thoroughly cemented. If desired, other pressing rollers may
be applied along the length of the aprons. With this machine we prefer
to use a cement consisting of a mixture of gum and glue. Sometimes
in place of applying the paste or cement to separate sheets of paper we
apply it to continuous paper, and as the pasted or cemented paper passes
from the rollers it is made to meet two other continuous papers to form
the surfaces of the board, and the papers are combined by means of
pressing rollers, and immediately the endless board so made is cut up
into separate sheets, which are pressed, as is usual.

page_text: Similar apparatus is also applicable to the gumming or cementing of
sheets of paper, such for example as sheets of postage stamps.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joshua Jones and George Edward Wilkinson, in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th March 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSHUA
JONES, of Watling Street, in the City of London, Card and Paste Board
Manufacturer, and GEORGE EDWARD WILKINSON, of Brunswick Place,
City Road, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Joshua Jones and George Edward
Wilkinson, Her special licence that we, the said Joshua Jones and
George Edward Wilkinson, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Joshua Jones and George Edward
Wilkinson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PASTE AND CARD BOARD, AND IN
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joshua
Jones and George Edward Wilkinson, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed iu
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joshua Jones, on behalf of myself
and the said George Edward Wilkinson, do hereby declare the nature

page_text: of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
paste and card board and in apparatus employed therein, which apparatus
is also applicable to other purposes.
In the manufacture of paste and card board we coat a sheet of paper
on both sides with paste or cement by passing the sheet through a pair
of rollers each partially immersed in a trough containing paste or cement.
After the paper has been so coated on both sides two other sheets of
paper are brought into contact with it, one against each of its sides; and
the three sheets are pressed together by being passed through a second
pair of rollers and may then at once be cut into sheets or may be wound
on to large drums to be subsequently cut up in another machine; the
combined sheets of paper so cut into lengths are afterwards pressed in
the ordinary manner.
In the Drawing hereunto annexed is shown a machine in which a
pair of rollers partially immersed in troughs containing paste or cement
are used in conjunction with a pair of pressing rollers as above described
for combining together sheets of paper.
A is a roller on which the continuous sheet of paper to be covered
with paste or cement is wound; B, B, are rollers turning in the direction
shewn by the arrows in the troughs C, C, which contain paste or other
suitable cementing material; D, D, are scrapers of metal or other
material which may be set at any required distance from the surfaces
of the rollers B, B, and so regulate the amount of paste applied to
the surfaces of the paper; E, E, are the rollers on which the continuous
sheets of paper are wound which are to form the outer sheets of the
pasteboard. A friction strap or other friction apparatus may be
employed for preventing these rollers and also the roller A turning
too easily and so put a slight drag upon the paper; F, F, are the two
compressing rollers which press together the sheets of paper; and G, G,
are separating or dividing rollers which are to divide the combined con-
tinuous sheets of paper into lengths, one of the rollers carries a knife
and there is a corresponding slot in the circumference of the other, at
the bottom of which slot is a piece of wood or other comparatively soft
material for the knife to cut against, and the sheets are removed and
made into a pile; dividing apparatus of this description is well understood

page_text: so that it is unnecessary to give here any further description of it; other
arrangements of dividing apparatus might also be employed in place of
the arrangement shown, or the combined sheets of paper as they pass
from the pressing rolls E, E, might be led on to large drums and be
afterwards cut up into sheets, but we prefer to at once divide them up
into sheets as above described. a, a, are set screws by means of which
the distances between the rollers B, B, F, F, and G, G, are regulated.
As the paper passes down from between the rollers B to the rollers F it
may be caused to pass over or between other guide rollers which keep it
distended and so avoid any tendency to crease.
In Figure 2 the gearing by which all these several rollers are driven
is clearly indicated. It is preferred that the continuous sheets of paper
which are to form the outer surfaces of the pasteboard should be slightly
broader than the central sheet, so that any paste or cement which may be
squeezed out from the side edges of the central sheet by the pressing
rollers may be retained between the two outer sheets and may not come
upon the surface of the pressing rollers; the rollers B, B, which apply
the cement to both sides of the central sheet we prefer to cover with
vulcanized india-rubber or with five or six thicknesses of flannel, and the
pressing rollers E, E, may similarly be covered with flannel or other soft
covering, or plain metal rollers might be employed. If it be desired to
make pasteboard of two thicknesses of paper then two continuous sheets
of paper are led down face to face between the pasting rollers B, each
sheet will thus have paste applied to one surface only, and this surface
will afterwards be caused to adhere to another sheet of paper as above
described.
We would remark that the above described arrangement of apparatus
for applying paste or cement to one or both sides of a sheet of paper
or fabric may be employed for so coating paper or fabric for other
purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Jones, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JOSHUA JONES. (L.s.)