IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THROSTLE, WORSTED SPINNING, AND DOUBLING FRAMES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Williams, of the Victoria Mills, Miles-Platting,
near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THROSTLE, WORSTED SPINNING,
AND DOUBLING FRAMES."
Sealed the 19th April 1865, and dated the 19th January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Williams at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
January 1865.
.
I, EDWARD WILLIAMS, of the Victoria Mills, Miles-Platting, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THROSTLE, WORSTED
SPINNING, AND DOUBLING FRAMES," to be as follows:-
It is a well known fact that when a thread of cotton breaks or is snapped
asunder by any means in a throstle frame, between the drawing rollers and.

page_text: the fly of the spindle, and in worsted spinning and doubling frames, when the
threads of worsted or yarn break or are snapped asunder by any means
between the delivery roller and the fly of the spindle, the end of the thread
of cotton, or ends of the threads of worsted or yarn, have a tendency to fly
off by centrifugal force, and so come in contact with the thread or threads
of the neighbouring spindle or spindles, and becoming entangled together the
consequence is that a double thread is produced in the case of a throstle
frame, and a fourfold thread is the result in a doubling frame. It is further
well known that the thread or threads are very liable to "snarl" or "snaffle"
at the tops of the fly spindles and so become stopped or retarded in the course
of winding upon the bobbins, the consequence being that as the thread or
threads are not wound upon the bobbins as fast as they are delivered by the
rollers, the thread or threads fly outwards or" bag out" by centrifugal force,
and so coming in contact with the thread or threads of the neighbouring
spindles, they become entangled together and eventually broken.
Now this Invention has for its object the prevention of the thread or
threads from flying off or outwards in the manner herein-before described,
and consists in the use and application of a cord or band (made of any suitable
fibrous material) stretched horizontally across the frames at the rear or back
of the thread or threads, by preference about half way between the rollers
and the eyelets or curls which guide the thread or threads to the flys or
flyers of the spindles, and as close as possible to the said thread or threads
without touching them.
The peculiar action of the cord or band is that if a thread or threads
become broken they are prevented from flying outwards by coming in contact
with the said cord or band, and are held by friction against it until the delivery
end is wound round the roller, and the other end taken up by the bobbin ;
and in the case of "snarling" or "snaffling" the threads are effectually
prevented from flying outward or "bagging out" and so breaking the neigh-
bouring threads.
By means of this Invention a greater number of spindles may be placed on
a frame than has hitherto been practicable.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Williams in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
WILLIAMS, of the Victoria Mills, Miles-Platting, near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Edward Williams, Her special license that I, the said Edward
Williams, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Edward Williams, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS APPLICABLE TO THROSTLE, WORSTED SPINNING, AND DOUBLING FRAMES;" upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Williams, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or thein,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Williams, junior, Administrator
to the said Edward Williams, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
It is a well known fact that when a thread of cotton breaks or is snapped
asunder by any means in a throstle frame between the drawing rollers and
the fly of the spinnle, and in worsted spinning and doubling frames when the
threads of worsted or yarn break .or are snapped asunder by any means
between the delivery roller and the fly of the spindle, the end of the thread
of cotton or ends of the threads of worsted or yarn have a tendency to fly off
by centrifugal force aud so come in contact with the thread or threads of the
neighbouring spindle or spindles, and becoming entangled together the con-

page_text: sequence is that a double thread is produced in the case of a throstle frame
and a four-fold thread is the result in a doubling or worsted spinning frame.
It is further well known that the thread or threads are very liable to "snarl"
or "snaffle" at the tops of the fly spindles, and so become stopped or retarded
in the course of winding upon the bobbins, the consequence being that as
the thread or threads are not wound upon the bobbins as fast as they are
delivered by the rollers, the thread or threads fly outwards or "bag out" by
centrifugal force, and so coming in contact with the thread or threads of
the neighbouring spindles they become entangled together and eventually
broken.
Now this Invention has for its object the prevention of the thread or
threads from flying off or outwards in the manner herein-before described,
and consists in the use and application of a cord or band (made of any suitable
fibrous material) stretched horizontally across the frames at the rear or back
of the threads, by preference about half way between the rollers and the
eyelets, curls or thread wires, which guide the thread or threads to the flys or
flyers of the spindles, and as close as possible to the said threads without
touching them; and in the use and application of screws or studs fastened to
the under side of the thread board about half an inch from the spindle points,
and by preference situated about half an inch to the left of the said spindle
points.
The peculiar action of the cord or band is that if a thread or threads
become broken, they are prevented from flying outwards, by coming in
contact with the said cord or band, and are held by friction against it until the
delivery end is wound round the roller, and the other end taken up by the
bobbin, And in the case of "snarling" or "snaffling" the threads are
effectually prevented from breaking the neighbouring thread or threads by
coming in contact with, and being held by the screws or studs herein-before
mentioned, and are at the same time held by the band or cord until safely
taken up or wound round the roller.
By means of this Invention a greater number of spindles may be placed
on a frame than has hitherto been practicable.
That this Invention may be the more readily seen and understood I have
hereunto annexed a Drawing illustrating so much of a doubling frame as is
necessary to exhibit the application of my improvements. Similar letters
marked thereon are used to denote similar parts,
Fig. 1 is a front elevational view, and Fig. 2 is a side elevational view,
of part of a doubling frame, having my improvements applied thereto,

page_text: "
A represents the frame end (shewn broken in the Drawing for want of
space to illustrate it in its entirety) which supports the creel end B and creel
C. The threads of yarn D pass from the cops E beneath the horizontal
glass rod situated in the water trough F, then beneath and round the top
roller G working in the cap bar H, from whence the threads of yarn pass
round the glass pegs I, fixed upon the peg rail J, then between the top roller
G and the front roller K revolving in the roller stands L, and after passing
through the curls, eyelets, or thread wires M, secured to the thread board N,
the threads are wound by the flyers O round the bobbins P. The spindles
Qwork on the ordinary step rail R and in the coppy or bolster rail S, and
the necessary motion is imparted to the said spindles by the endless bands
T, passing round the cylinder or tin roller U, and the spindle wharves
V. a represents the band or cord formed of any suitable fibrous material,
which may be in the form of tape, namely flat sided, or may consist of a
piece of ordinary "blind" ог 'picture" cord stretched horizontally across
the frame from one end to the other, by preference about half way between
the rollers and the eyelets, curls, or thread wires which guide the threads to
the flys or flyers of the spindles, and as close as possible to the rear or back
of the threads without touching them. The said band or cord a is passed
through studs b, situated upon each end roller stand, and is then attached to
thumbscrews c, screwed into the sides of the end roller stands, by means of
which thumb screws c, the said cord or band may be tightened to any required
degree of tension, and by being passed through the eyelets d, attached to each
of the intermediate roller stands, the said cord or band is kept in its proper
position. Although this peculiar method of attaching the band or cord has
been mentioned, it should be distinctly understood that there are many other
ways of fastening and tightening the cord or band, all of which are more or
less effective; e, represents the screws or studs screwed into or otherwise
fastened to the under side of the thread board N, and situated about half an
inch from the spindle points, and by preference about half an inch to the left
of the said spindle points.
The action of the cord or band a, and of the screws or studs e, may be
thus described. When the threads of yarn D break or are snapped asunder
by any means, they are prevented from flying outwards. by coming in contact
with the cord or band a, against which they are held until the delivery end
is either wound round the top roller G, or round the front roller K, and the
other end taken up by the bobbin; and are thus effectually prevented from
flying on to their neighbours, and so producing fourfold instead of twofold

page_text: yarn, whilst in the case of "snarling" or." snaffling" the threads are effect-
ually prevented from breaking the neighbouring thread or threads by coming
in contact with and being held by the screws or studs e, and are at the same
time beld by the cord or band a, until safely taken up and wound round
either the top roller G or the front roller K.
By the application of these improvements to a doubling frame the follow-
ing advantages are secured. All "fourfold" above the thread board will be
effectually prevented, also "snarls" or "snaffles" will be prevented from
dragging down the neighbouring thread or threads. A less quantity of waste
will be made in doubling, in consequence of there being less breakage. The
spindles may be driven above the ordinary speed without fear of "fourfold"
being made or the threads broken by "snarls" or "snaffles." A narrower
guage may be adopted, where doubling from the cop is to be continued,
without fear of making "fourfold," producing a saving in space to the extent,
of 15 to 20 per cent.; and by proportionately lengthening the bobbins
and diminishing the heads and bottoms of the bobbins as much weight would
be put on the bobbins as with a wider guage.
Although these improvements are only shewn as applied to a doubling
frame, doubling two fold threads, it will be readily apparent that they are
equally applicable to doubling frames, doubling any number of threads and
are also applicable to throstle frames in preventing two fold threads being
formed and in obviating the evil effects of "snarls" or "snaffles" whilst as
applied to worsted spinning frames, the advantages are precisely the same as
when applied to doubling frames.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
Invention and how I believe the same can be best carried into practical effect,
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details,
relative proportions or dimensions herein-before described and set forth, as
it will be readily seen that the same may be considerably varied without
departing from the Invention, but what I do claim is,
Firstly, the use and application of a cord or band a, formed of any suitable
fibrous material either flat-sided like tape, or of any other shape, stretched
horizontally across throstle, worsted spinning and doubling frames at the
back or rear of the threads and between the rollers and the curls, eyelets, or
thread wires which guide the threads to the flys or flyers of the spindles for
the purposes herein-before described and set forth, or any mere modification
of the same.
Seconly, and lastly, the use and application to throstle, worsted-spinning

page_text: and doubling frames, of the screws or studs e in conjunction with the cord
or band a, for the purposes herein-before described and set forth, or any mere
modification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Williams, junior, have hereunto
set my hand and affixed my seal, this Eighteenth day of July in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
EDWARD (L.S.) WILLIAMS, JUNIOR.
Administrator to the late
EDWARD WILLIAMS.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Practical Mechanical Engineer and Patent Agent,
24 Market Place, Manchester.