Appar
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Apr., 1888
Specification Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
in Apparatus therefor.
I, THOMAS HESKETH LODGE of 35 Percy Street, Tynemouth, in the County of
Northumberland, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement
:-
My present Invention is based upon those described in my former specifications,
Nos. 5814 and 5815 A.D. 1887, and is an amplification of the various improve-
ments in the process of manufacture of Portland cement comprised in the aforesaid
specifications.
In order that my Invention may be thoroughly understood I have appended the
accompanying two sheets of drawings in which figure 1, shows the slurry tray suspended
and gantrey therefor.
Figure 2. is a view of the frame showing the inverter hereinafter to be fully
described in proper position with regard to the "stack" in process of building.
Figure 3. is an elevational view of the slurry valve incidentally referred to in my
former specification No. 5814. A.D. 1887.
Figure 4 sheet 2 represents a novel application of a worm and worm wheel for the
purpose of lowering the "stack" into the kiln ; being an alternative device to that
described in, and shown by the drawings accompanying my former specification
No. 5815 A.D. 1887.
"
The method which I prefer to adopt for filling the slurry trays previous to the
drying process described in the former specification above referred to consists in the
use of a vertical valve enclosed in a suitable valve box A. in connection with the
slurry pipe shown in Figure 3, sheet 1. with transverse openings, or ports a arranged in
the outer face thereof at a higher level than that of the trays that are required to be
filled. The valve is of the type generally known as gridiron valves" and is
provided with transvere openings or ports corresponding to the ports a in the valve box.
Said valve is operated by a lever B fulcrumed at b and connected to the valve
spindle c by means of a link or equivalent device, a suitable stuffing box and gland d
serving to prevent leakage around said spindle c and at the same time allow of free
rectilinear motion thereof. Each of the openings or ports a are provided with two
spouts e, e although in order to render the drawing perfectly clear I have only shown

page_text: he lower opening or port fitted with said spouts each of which are pivotted at f in
order to allow of a lateral motion thereof, in a direction parallel with the corresponding
opening or port a, said lateral motion being controlled by a connecting rod or other
suitable equivalent device. I prefer to couple the spouts together in such a manner
that all those upon the right hand side are coupled together also those upon the left
hand side in a similar manner, admitting of the simultaneous movement of the spouts
on either side at will. In this manner I am enabled to fill two trays with fluid slurry
upon one level and I am also able to divert the direction of said fluid slurry according
to the requirements of such filling process. When the spouts e e¹ are moved so as to
lic close to the valve box A the traversing car carrying a slurry car or rack of slurry
trays, as and for the purpose described by me in my former specifications may be moved
past said valve box. By the use of the gridiron valve and the appliances connected
therewith as above described I am able to open or close the openings or ports a
simultaneously, with a comparatively small movement of the lever B, or other
equivalent device and thereby facilitate the filling of the slurry trays in the car or rack
aforesaid.
In my former specification No. 5814 A.D. 1887 the traversing car therein
described can be moved to said slurry valve or to any other part of kilns or drying
chambers; now, I can accomplish this movement by means of a rope or chain
actuated by steam or other power by the interposition of any suitable mechanism
thereby accelerating the moving thereof.
The process of drying the slurry contained in the trays being completed, the opera-
tion of building the stack" is commenced, and, with a view to facilitate this
operation I have devised the appliance shown by Figures 1 and 2. sheet 1, hereinafter
termed the "inverter."
According to my invention said "invertor" comprises a rectangular frame F F¹,
figure 2, formed of iron tubing or other suitable light material, secured in position
over each kiln in such a manner as to admit of the free manipulation of the crane.
Upon the vertical standards, Fl of said rectangular frame, facing the drying chamber,
are arranged two sliders S, which are connected by a transverse bar T, said sliders S
being raised or lowered by means of differential pulley blocks P, or any other
equivalent device for effecting the same object.
Upon the exterior of the sliders S, is pivotted a spindle U, which is formed so as to
be longer than the distance between the sliders S, thereby allowing a lateral move-,
ment in order to reach the whole of the "stack"during the process of building. In
the centre of said spindle U or approximately thereto, is arranged the inverting
frame 1, constructed of any suitable form of rolled iron or steel, preferably of "T"
or "bull" bar, said frame I forming a grid.
•
Upon the under side of the frame II provide suitable hooks, and also two or more
adjustable catches M, hereinafter to be fully described.
The inverter frame I therefore may be moved through the are of a circle assuming a
position indicated by the dotted lines upon the spindle U and may be counterbalanced by
means of a weighted arm attached W to said spindle U,.so as to render the "inverting
motion perfectly free and regular. The vertical standards F of the rectangular
frame F, Fare duplicated, and provided with transverse rungs forming two ladders,
the object of which is to support planks L to form a staging around the stack for the
workmen who are engaged in building it to stand upon. Suitable hangers are also
attached to the sliders S for the same purpose, and when in the course of building up.
the stack X as shewn by the dotted lines the level of the inverter is raised by the,
pullies P and chains, or equivalent method, said 'planks L may be moved so as to rest
upon another or higher rung of the ladders as aforesaid, or instead of ladders, sliders.
may slide up and down on the standards F by means of pullies and blocks resembling
those upon F. I may attach wheels to the frame aforesaid for the purpose of moving
same over either kiln as required.
The tray Q, shown by figure 1 sheet 1 in the accompanying drawings is suspended
from a suitable slewing hoist by means of a stretcher m to the ends of which are
freely suspended the cranked hooks R which engage with the perforated lugs or

page_text: eyes attached to the tray, or may use chains terminating in cranked hooks for
suspending the tray Q from the stretcher m. The hoisting arrangement for lifting
said trays of dried slurry from the slurry car or rack may be in the form shown by
figure I sheet 1 where a horizontal gantrey g is pivotted at P to any suitable support
by preference to the roof principals and the free ends of said gantrey y is supported by
a wheel or wheels g arranged to run in and supported by a channel rail or guider in
such a manner that the gantrey g may be slewed upon the pivot p. In order to allow
of the proper adjustment of the tray Q on the inverter I provide a travelling carriage t
running upon the gantrey g and to which is suspended the differential blocks oor
other equivalent hoisting device. Said gantrey may form the jib of a wall, or other
crane, or may be pivotted upon the frame of the invertor, and the hoist may be
actuated by manual, hydraulic, or steam power through the intervention of any
suitable mechanism for transmitting said power, such for instance as grooved friction
pullies upon a revolving shaft, or suitable rope or chain-gear driven from any available
source of power, in both cases provision being made for placing the hoist in or out of
gear reversing the motion, and the like, at will. I wish it to be understood, however
that I do not confine myself to the use or application of any of the methods of
hoisting above referred to nor to any other such method that may be applicable to the
inverter used for the purpose of building a stack of dried slurry out of, and distinct
from the kiln, according to my invention comprised in this present and the former
specifications herein before referred to and indicated.
The method by which the "inverter" according to my Invention is operated is as
follows, that is to say,-
"
When the tray containing a slab of dried slurry is lifted from the rack or slurry
car by the hoisting appliances before mentioned it is covered by thin sheets of steel
or iron bent at the end nearest the fixed hooks hereinafter called "covering plates"
and is then moved so as to be underneath the "invertor" which is then in the
position indicated by the dotted lines figure 2 sheet 1, and engaging with the fixed
hooks which may be provided with swivel crosspeice j to facilitate the securing of
the tray to the "invertor." The moveable hooks or catches M are now turned round
and pushed into position so as to clip the under side of the tray, and are then secured
by cottars or other equivalent device, rigidly to the frame of the "invertor." Said
invertor" is now turned over toward the stack upon the spindle U, and rests upon
the crossbar T by means of the hoisting appliance before referred to or the assistance
of said hoist may be dispensed with and the "inverter turned over by hand. This
being done the cottars or other device for holding the moveable hooks or catches M
are drawn and said hooks or catches turned downwards; the slab of dried slurry now
rests upon the "covering plates," and by turning the swivel crosspeice of the fixed
hooks before referred to, the tray may be raised when it will automatically assume
its normal position as shown by figure 1 sheet 1, owing to the fact that the centre of
suspension is above the centre of gravity and said tray being now empty may be
replaced in the rack or slurry car.
A layer of coke, breeze, or other suitable combustible substance may now be placed
upon the surface of the partly built stack (in cases where such combustible matter is
needed) and two or more metal rods or bars placed thereon to enable the covering
plates which are now under the slab of dried slurry to slide thereon so that said slab
of dried slurry may be placed in the proper position upon the stack.
The covering plates and. the rods or bars are now removed from under the slab
leaving a level surface upon which the operation above described may be repeated
and the "inverter" raised upon the rectangular frame F. F' until the stack is com-
pleted. The dried slurry may be broken up so as to suit the formation of the shape
of the stack and some of the trays before mentioned may be provided with cores so
as to leave holes or notches in the slabs of dried slurry for the purpose of passing
over and enclosing the suspension chain pipes, the latter being fully described in my
former specification. Said trays may also be provided with curved or other shaped
moulds or forms so that the cakes of dried slurry on their exterior edges may be of
the sweep or shape corresponding to the horizontal section of the kiln.

page_text: I have previously described and shown a method of lowering the stack into the
kiln in the former specification of my Invention No. 5815 A.D. 1887 in which the
descending weight is caused to raise the plunger of an inverted hydraulic ram and
expel the water from the cylinder thereof through a suitable outlet valve, and I have
also referred to alternative methods of securing a regular and even descending motion
of said stack, such as an ordinary winch, block and chain; a differential-block; or
by a brake wheel, or other suitable mechanical device for applying friction to admit
of a uniform lowering movement. In the present instance, however, another device
for attaining said uniformity of motion and also to admit of perfect control, is shown
by Figure 4 sheet 2 in which A represents one of the upper transverse girders of the
crane B and B the supports thereof and C. 0, the cross ties for maintaining the
rigidity of the structure. A worm wheel D mounted upon a shaft or spindle E is
enclosed in and supported by a suitable frame. G. G₁ secured in position upon and
between the upper transverse girders A. A chain H is securely attached at one end h
to crossbars I across the top of the upper transverse girders A, and in the bight
thereof is suspended the sheave J with the guide-bars i and suspending link to
which is attached the hook or eye bolt of the levelling cross described in my former
specification before referred to. The circumference of the sheave pulley J may be
recessed or provided with pockets" properly pitched to correspond with the links
of the chain H so that the latter may engage therein. Said chain H then passes
over a pulley K also provided with recesses or pockets and which is keyed upon, cast
with, or otherwise attached to the worm wheel D; and under a small tension pulley I,
supported by a suitable spindle within the frame G. The chain H is pressed into the
recesses or pockets of the pulley K by reason of the tension pulley L being
arranged close to the periphery of K and pushing the chain towards K under the
centre line thereof. Said chain H then passes over a guide pulley M and through the
sheave N of a counterweight O which is arranged to move between the vertical
supports B' of the crane the latter having guides for it. The end of the chain H is
firmly secured to the upper transverse girders A at p. A worm F, having a spindle g
supported in bearings formed upon the upper part of the frame G¹, one of said
bearings X being arranged in such a manner as to receive the "thrust" of the
worm F. The screw thread, or threads, of said worm are of such a pitch as to be
sufficiently inclined in an angular direction relativoly to the axial line so as to permit
of said worm being revolved by a tension upon the worm wheel D. A ratchet
wheel and break wheel m is keyed, cast on with, or otherwise attached to the
spindle and a pawl may be suspended from a stud o fitted to the upper part of the
frame G, said pawl engaging with the teeth of the ratchet wheel when required.
An ordinary strap or dynamometer brake of any suitable construction may be
arranged to surround the brake wheel m but I may, in certain cases dispense with
the brake altogether.
"
The method of operating the lowering device according to my present invention as
above described is as follows, that is to say.
The stack composed of slabs of dry slurry being being built up in the manner herein-
before described the hooks of the levelling cross are coupled to the stack suspension
chains which are adjusted through the vertical chain tubes and fixed to the bars at the
base of the stack by the cottars or other suitable fastenings, the stack may then be
raised sufficiently high to allow of the withdrawal of the temporary bearing beams
mentioned in my former specification No. 5815 A.D. 1887 upon which beams it has
rested during the process of building. The stack is raised by means of a long
lever pivotted upon o, having a pawl engaging the teeth of the ratchet wheel /; the
rotation of the worm F causing the worm wheel D and chain pulley K to exert a
lifting power on the chain H; or if preferred, the raising (and also levelling) may
be performed by the screws of the levelling cross. The stack now being over the
mouth of the kiln and adjusted by means of the levelling cross so as to descend
vertically and clear of the sides of said kiln. When all is ready for the stack to
he lowered, a slight retrograde movement is given to the worm F, by means of
the handle n and the rotary, motion. will be then maintained during the descent of the

page_text: to a
stack the movement being uniform and under perfect control by means of the brake
pivotted on the outer end of o. While the stack is being lowered into the kiln in
this manner the counter weight o is raised between the legs of the crane B¹,
corresponding degree, and when the chains which depend from the levelling cross
are released by the withdrawal of the cottars, said chains and levelling cross are
lifted into their exterior normal position by the descent of the counterweight o the
worm revolving by the tangental pressure of the teeth of the worm wheel D upon its
screw threads as before, a collar r upon the spindle q transmitting the now reversed
thrust to the frame G. I may however in certain cases arrange the frame G so as to
allow of the stack being suspended directly from the chain, tangental to the pulley K,
without the intervention of pulley J.
It will be seen that the function of the counterweight o is analogous to that of the
ram described in my specification of prior date herein before mentioned.
Although I have described this and other methods of lowering the stack of dried
slurry into the kiln, and as alternative methods of performing the same operations,
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the use of each on any of
said methods simply basing my present invention upon the building of a stack with
slabs of dry slurry by means of the appliances hereinbefore described, and lowering
the same into the kiln by any method whereby a regular and uniform motion may be
attained.
I prefer the crane beam A to be supported by legs, but it also may be supported by
a. wall if required at about the level of beam A.
If by reason of accident the stack becomes set fast while lowering it into the kiln,
and it is advisable to raise it again said raising can be effected by the beforementioned
levor, acting on the ratchet wheel; said process of raising, however, being too slow if
the stack is to be raised to any considerable height I provide the brake wheel m with
teeth arranged around its internal rim which may be made to gear with a pinion and
pulley driven by a rope, belt, or chain, in communication with steam or other
power.
In order to facilitate the removal of the burnt slip or slurry (generally known
as burnt clinker) from the receiving chamber underneath the kiln, and loading the
same into wagons, trucks or the like, I prefer to incline the floor of the receiving
chamber shown at s in the detached sectional view Figure 5, sheet 2, the degree of
inclination being sufficient to allow the burnt clinker to pass to the lower part T, of
said receiving chamber, from the kiln, by the action of gravity.
At TI provide a large door or doors U which are strengthened by bars and are
arranged so that the men can break up or remove large peices of clinker. Said door U
being perforated cold air will pass through the hot clinker in the receiving chamber
and from thence into the furnace within the kiln thereby cooling the clinker and
heating the air for combustion. I also provide a slide working vertically in a slit
across the bottom of an inclined shoot or trough V, which is for the purpose of
removing the smaller peices of burnt clinker, and may be arranged for filling a truck
or wagon x as shown in the drawing. The slide t is moved upwards or downwards in
the shoot through the slit before referred to by means of a lever or levers u and v
working upon an horizontal spindle or shaft y, the object of moving such slide from
below being to prevent the choking of the shoot when the latter is required to be
closed before all the burnt clinker is withdrawn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
First In the manufacture of Portland cement the method of, and means employed
for, building a stack of slabs of dried slurry with or without alternate layers of fuel,
the building of said stack being completed outside the kiln on the method of and
means for lowering said stack into the kiln with a regular and uniform motion and of
automatically withdrawing the chains and auxiliary appendages thereto and further
facilitating the removal of the "burnt clinker" by a shoot and slide substantially as
herein described and set forth.

page_text: Second In the manufacture of Portland cement carried out according to the
preceeding claim the use of a gridiron valve in conjunction with movable spouts
substantially as and for the purposes herein described and set forth.
Third In the manufacture of Portland cement the use of an "inverter" in com-
bination with counterbalance, sliders and frame, with auxiliary fittings substantially as
and for the purposes herein described and shown.
Fourth In the building of a stack as described in the first claim the use of a
gantrey in moving the slurry trays from the slurry car or rack to the "inverter" in
conjunction with any suitable type of hoist substantially as herein described and set
forth.
Fifth In lowering the stack of dried slurry built as described in the first claim,
into the kiln the use of a worm and worm wheel substantially as herein described and
set forth.
Sixth In lowering a stack of dried slurry as referred to in the above claim, the
utilisation of the power developed by the descending stack for raising a counter
weight or an equivalent such as a ram and utilising the power developed by the sub-
sequent descent of said counter weight or an equivalent for raising the levelling cross,
chains, and auxiliary appliances connected therewith substantially as herein described.
Seventh-In the manufacture of Portland cement the employment of a receiving
chamber with an inclined floor in combination with a door or doors to allow of
breaking up the "burnt clinker," and a shoot and slide with levers or equivalent
appliances for working the same and loading wagons, or the like substantially as
herein described and shown.
Eighth In the manufacture of Portland cement the employment of a large
perforated door, or doors, adapted to a receiving chamber as referred to in the pre-
ceeding claim, for allowing of the admission of cold air into and through the "burnt
clinker" for cooling same substantially as herein described.
Dated this Oth day of Ann: 1000
FREDK. WALKER & HYDE,
4, Little Moorfields, London, E.C.,
Agents for Applicant.