CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYING PIECE GOODS BY MACHINERY
Year: 1828

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HALL, junior, of Ordsall Hill, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Dyer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth
did, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Second day of January, One thousand eight hundred
and twenty-eight, in the eighth year of His reign, give and grant unto me,
the said James Hall, junior, His special licence, that I, the said James Hall,
junior, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said James
Hall, junior, my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYING PIECE GOODS BY MACHINERY;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, that I, the said James Hall, junior,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Hall, junior, do hereby describe the manner in which my said Inven-
tion is to be performed by the following description thereof (reference being
had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon), that is to say :-

page_text: The apparatus Fig. 2
shaped vessel or cistern.
consists of a four-cornered or other conveniently-
The one which I use is of the following dimensions,
and agreable with the accompanying Diagram, viz:-The distance from
A, B, C, D, to E, F, G, H, which I call the length is three feet; from
A, C, E, F, to B, D, G, H, which is the breadth, is two feet six; and
from A, B, E, G, to C, D, F, H, which is the depth, is two feet; all inside
measurement; but the length, breadth, and depth may be varied according
to the length and breadth of the piece goods to be dyed. There are two
wooden rollers I, J, with iron or other metallic axes, each roller being about
three inches in diameter, fixed so that the axes are a foot from the bottom
and top of the cistern, and about a foot from the ends, the same distance
being between the axes of the rollers; they are to be fixed horizontally across
the cistern from the side A, C, E, F, to the side B, D, G, H. The two adja-
cent ends of the axes of these rollers are introduced into two metalic bushes
let into the side of the cistern A, C, E, F, and the other two extremities of the
axes being so long as to project a few inches through the opposite side of the
cistern. B, D, G, H, have a cast metal spur wheel about twelve inches dia-
meter slipped upon each of them outside the vessel. The centers of the
wheels are bored, and they run upon those parts of the axes of the rollers
which are turned to receive them. The extremities of the axes have each a
catch box with a lever fixed upon them, in order that the wheels may be put
into and out of gear as occasion requires. On each of the axes of the rollers
which project through the side of the cistern, and at the end next to the
wheels, are two metallic washers, about four inches diameter, one being secured
to the inside of the cistern and one to the outside. The other two washers
are to be fastened in like manner, the parts of the axes remaining in the
side of the cistern having had a sufficient quantity of hemp and grease or
other materials put upon them to prevent the liquor issuing from the inside of
the cistern. The driving pulley K, Fig. 1, which is a little less in diameter
than the wheels, may be fixed concentrically to either of them, either between
the wheel and the cistern or on the opposite side of the wheel. A pair of
wooden or metallic squeezing rollers marked L, L, about five inches diameter,
with iron axes, are placed horizontally across the top of the cistern, and
paralel to the two other rollers, one with its axes upon two metallic steps
fastened in two upright metallic standards M., M, one standard being screwed
upon each edge of the cistern at the top; the standards are each about a
foot high, and have perpendicular divisions in them from the top to within
about three inches of the bottom in which the metallic steps are fastened.
The axis of the lower squeezing roller turns upon the steps in these divisions
and that of the top roller is confined horizontally in the divisions, having only

page_text: liberty to move upward and downward. The rollers are to be wrapped with a
little flannel or other soft substance, which will cause the pressure upon the
piece to be more equally applied if the rollers should become a little irregular
in circumference. There are six other wooden rollers N, N, N, N, N, N,
each about two inches diameter, fixed horizontally across the inside of the
cistern, and parallel to the other rollers. Two of these arc fixed in the corners
of the vessel at the bottom, two at the top directly above them, and the other
two (the positions of which are best exhibited in Figure 1) on the same level
as the last described, and over the middle of the vessel, and about an inch
apart; each of these six rollers are introduced into small metallic steps or
bushes let into the sides of the vessel. There is also a small wooden roller O,
about two inches diameter, with iron axis, placed at one end of the cistern
upon two metallic steps fixed in two metallic standards, one screwed to each
side of the cistern, and at the exterior surface each standard is about eight
inches high. One extremity of the axis of the roller, viz, that on the side of
the vessel B, D, C, H, as represented in Fig. 2, must project sufficiently so. as
to leave a space of about an inch between the end of the roller and the
standard, also an inch more for to rest upon the standard, and another inch
to fix the spur wheel U. Upon this wheel, which is about the size of the
other two, is fastened upon the said projecting end of the axis of the roller,
and is to be connected with the spur wheel R by an intermediate spur wheel
S fixed upon a metallic stud screwed to the outside of the cistern B, G, H, D ;
a small metallic lever P, about one foot long, one inch broad, and a quarter
of an inch thick, is supported upon a metallic pedestal Q, about eight inches
long, with a perpendicular division from the top, about an inch deep, to receive
a lever, and having a small pinhole through each side of the division for the
fulcrum of the lever to pass through. The pedestal of the lever is fastened
upon the edge of the cistern next to the wheels, about three inches from the
standard that supports the roller O; and between this standard and the squeez-
ing rollers, about three inches from one end of the lever, is a small hole about
a quarter of an inch diameter, those at the top of the pedestal being the same
size. A metallic pin is passed through the hole in the lever, and fixed in
those at the top of the pedestal for the fulcrum of the lever. The short end
of the lever is so fixed as to be under the axis of the last-mentioned roller,
between the end of the roller and the standard. Previous to commencing the
operation of dying piece goods by this machine, a piece of cloth or wrapper,
not less than four yards in length, and extending in width from one end of
the roller to the other end, is to be fastened with tacks or otherwise by one
end to cach of the two rollers I, J. The cloth from the roller 1 is to bu

page_text: stretched over the rollers N 1, N 2, under N 3, N 4, and over N 5 successively,
and the other cloth wound upon the roller J, so as to be ready to pass occa-
sionally over the rollers N 6, N 5, under N 4, N 3, and over N 2 successively.
When the operation of dying is to commence, the pulley, the two wheels
marked R, T, and the one marked S, must be put in motion by a strap from
a pulley upon a shaft turned by hand or some convenient power. The piece
is to be placed upon one end of the cistern. One end of the picce to be dyed
is then to be fastened to the end of the cloth on the roller I, left on the roller
N 5 by a brass skewer run across through the ends of the piece, and cloth or
otherwise. The roller. I must bo now put in motion by the catch box and
lever. When the cloth and the piece are wound so far upon the roller as
that the other end of the piece is at the roller N 5, the catch box and wheel
must be put out of gear. The end of the other cloth, which must have
been passed from the roller J, over the roller N 6, must be drawn to the
roller N 5, and there united to the other end of the piece, and in like manner
as at the other extremity. The roller J must then be put in motion by its
catch box and lever until the piece is wound so far upon it as that the end of
the piece is seen at the roller N 1, when this catch box and wheel must be put
out of gear, and so on successively, and finally stopped when the end of the
piece is seen passing between N 5 and N 6, or N 1 and N 2, when the skewer
is to be drawn out. The axis of the roller O, with the wheel thercon, must
now be put upon the steps in the standards at the end of the cistern, when
and where it will immediately turn round upon its axis. The end of the
piece is to be drawn between the squeezing rollers, and extended to the roller
O, round which it is to be applied by the hand until the roller seizes it, and
proceeds in winding the piece upon it. When the other end of the piece is
observed, the hand must be immediately applied to the long end of the lever,
and, by forcing it down, the cogs of the wheel upon the axis of this roller will
be raised from the cogs of the adjoining wheels, when it will cease to move.
The other end of the piece must now be detached from the other cloth, when
the piece roller and wheel may all be removed together by the workman at
the adjoining cistern, and the piece afterwards taken off the roller. The
squeezing rollers may also be used constantly or occasionally to run the pieco
between them during the operation of dying it.
In witness whereof, I, the said Janies Hall, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and twenty-eight.
JAMES (L.s.) HALL, Jun".

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-seventh day of June, in
the year of our Lord 1828, the aforesaid James Hall, junior, came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the First day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand