IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES AND PARTS APPERTAINING THERETO
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Edward Phillips of N°: 32 Selby Road Anerley
in the County of Surrey for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
AND PARTS APPERTAINING THERETO
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Edward Phillips at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th November 1882.
ROBERT EDWARD PHILLIPS of 32 Selby Road Anerley in the County of
Surrey IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES AND PARTS APPERTAINING THERETO
*
My Invention consists of Firstly An improved grip treadle for holding the
feet of the rider and so preventing him from "Slipping his treadle" which is a
constant source of danger-Many attempts have been made to attain this re-ult
but have all been more or less imperfect-I fit on to each "rat trap" plate forming
the ends of the treadle a gripping arrangement consisting of a pair of small bell-
crank levers, having each one long and one short arm, these bell-crank levers are
pivotted on to the "rat trap" plate so that the long arms are horizontal and the
short ones vertical, The length of the long arms is slightly shorter than half the
width of the treadle so that the ends do not touch, the length of the short arms is
such that they stand proud of the rat trap" teeth by about 3/tha to an inch;
the inner edges of the short arms of the bell-crank levers are brought to a knife
edge. One of these bell-crank levers is pivotted on a fixed pin and the other on a
loose one free to be adjusted laterally in a slot provided for the purpose-A spring
is fastened to the "rat trap" plate and bears up against the inner sides of the long
arms of the bell-crank levers, which cants them and brings the ends of the long
arms above the top of the "rat trap" teeth and keeps the knife edges of the short
arms wide apart-It will thus be seen that when the rider places his foot on the
treadle, it will come in contact with the long arms of the bell-crank levers and by
depressing them, cause the short arms, with the knife edges to grip his foot and it
will be obvious that the greater the pressure, the greater the grip will be, although
it will automatically release itself when the pressure is taken off. By making one
Dina 21

page_text: lever adjustable as before stated this arrangement can be adjusted to fit any
width of boot, I consider it only necessary to fit two of these gripping arrange-
ments on each pedal one on cach "rat trap" plate so that the forward part of the
foot is gripped which ever side of the pedal comes uppermost, but if it is desired
four may be fitted so as to grip both back and front of the foot It will be seen
"treadle I also fit this grip
that this arrangement can be fitted to any "rat trap
arrangement on to small plates provided with adjusting screws, so that it may be
instantly fitted to any pedal, one adjusting screw being fitted with a forked end to
take against the central tube of the treadle and so force the plate carrying the
gripping arrangement against the "rat trap" plate and the other screws adjust it
sideways or horizontally-A modification of this may also be used with rubber
trendles.
Secondly-An improved clutch for instantly and equally driving both wheels
of a Velocipede backwards as well as forwards and which will allow either wheel to
over run the other and will allow of the treadles being kept stationary for use as
foot rests-Many arrangements have been tried to attain this end, but all are more
or less imperfect owing to the excessive amount of "back lash" which exists
before the clutch grips-To obviate this I mount the driving wheels as follows-
On each end of the axle exterior to the frame I cut two short screws of a coarse
pitch, the one a right handed one and the other a left handed one, the position of
these screws on one end of the axle is the reverse of that on the other that is to
say, the right handed screw is exterior to the left handed screw on one end of the
axle and interior to it on the other end-On each of these screws are circular nuts
with corresponding threads; with the exception of the position of the screws
both ends of the Axle are fitted alike-I make that part of the Axle with the Inner
screw of a larger diameter than that part with the outer screw, which itself is
larger in diameter than the other part of the Axle which is exterior to it; to
facilitate placing the nuts-in-position-The outer nuts I call the front driving nuts,
and the Inner-nuts-Lcall the back driving nuts These nuts being-in position the
driving wheel is mounted loosely on the end-of-the Axle the inner side-of-the-hub.
being recessed to receive the forward driving nut, On the periphery-of-which_are
two or more flat springs which bear against the recess in the hub for a purpose
which will presently be made clear-A collar or a couple of lock nuts are placed
on the end of the axle, to keep the wheel in place and when the driving wheel is
properly in position and the driving nuts are run back towards the centre of the
axle as far as they will go, there is just clearance room between the outer faces of
.the nuts and the inner faces of the hub of the wheel against which they bear, i.e.
the face in the recess for the front driving nut and outside the inner face of the hub
for the back driving nut. I mount the drum for the strap-brake on the inner face
of the hub so that it encloses the back driving nut and keeps it free from dust and
dirt. Fixed to any convenient part of the frame is a light steel spring which
bears lightly on the periphery of the back driving nut, for a purpose that will
presently be made clear It will be understood that both wheels of the Velocipede
are so fitted, though in practice it would only be necessary to have one back
:driving nut as double-driving backwards is not a sine qua non-The action of
this driving apparatus is as follows when forward motion is applied to the axle
the forward driving nuts run out, by reason of the friction of the springs in the
recesses of the hubs and bind the wheels against the collars or lock nuts at the ends
of the axle, while if one wheel over runs the other or if the treadles, and conse-
quently the axle be kept at rest, the nuts run back and the wheel or wheels as the
case may be are free, during all these movements the back driving nuts owing to
the slight friction of the fixed springs are kept back out of action, but immediately
the axle is moved backwards they run out and drive the wheels, while at the same
time the front driving nuts run back out of action. I sometimes roughen or
serrate the faces of the nuts and hubs to give a better grip-It will be obvious that
sa modification of this arrangement can be fitted to a Velocipede with a single
driving wheel

page_text: Thirdly-An improved brake-The brakes at present used on three wheeled
Velocipedes are ceither applied to the rim of the wheel or to a drum fixed to the
axle. It is obvious that in both cases an enormous strain is put on the spokes
when the brake is applied. The object of this part of my Invention is to obviato
this by applying a brake to both parts at the same time, with an equalizing
pressure and also to provide a brake with two degrees of power and one that shall in
every sense of the word be an emergency brake-In fitting this brake to a rear
steering machine with the driving wheels running on stud axles I fix on ench
wheel the usual drum for the strap brake and on the left hand side of the machine
at a point behind and slightly below the axle 1 mount a hand lever for
manipulating the brakes, with a short lever thrown off from its fulcrum so as to
form a bell crank, to the end of which is fastened one end of the brake strap in the
usual way-The fulcrum of the hand lever is a light shaft running across tho
machine to provide for a corresponding action of the strap brako on the right hand
side of the machine, this strap brake is of the usual kind, having one end of the
strap fastened to the lever and the other end fixed to a stud on the frame-The
strap on the left hand drum is not however fixed at its other end but is continued
backwards at a tangent to the drum and connected by a light rod to a short arm
of a rocking shaft which carries two spoon levers which act as brakes on the
peripheries of the driving wheels. The connecting rod between the drum strap and
the lever of the rock shaft slides through an eye fixed to a convenient part of the
frame. On this rod are two stops, one on each side of the eye. A bracket carried
from the side of the hand lever also encircles this rod, in front of the fixed eye, but
behind the front stop-A coil spring is placed on the rod between the back stop
and the fixed eye, to keep the brakes off when not in use. It will thus be seen that
when the hand lever is pulled backward the straps tighten round the drum till
the spoon brakes aro pulled on to the peripheries of the wheels so that brake
power is applied equally at both points-this is the greatest power available, when
less is required the lever is pushed forward when the bracket on it catches the
front stop on the rod and pulls the spoon lever brakes on, whilst the drum brake is
not applied. As an emergency brake it will be noticed that each brake is
independent of the other, so that should any part of one fail it does not affect the
working of the other part.
66
Fourthly An improved form of the head known as the "Stanley" head-The
object of this part of my Invention is to prevent the flow of vibration between the
front wheel and forks, on the one hand and the backwheel and back bone on the other
hand, and vice versa, by cutting off as far as possible the metallic connection
between the neck and the head. In order to attain this end I use an ordinary
Stanley "head and neck, the bottom centre being of a cup and ball shape, the centre
fixed in the head being ball shaped. The top centre of the nock is a female conc.
The top adjustinent in place of the usual set screw consists of a male cone
threaded on to a small steel spindle which goes down through the centre of the
neck, through a clearance hole provided for it, and bears on the top of the
ball shaped lower centre. The top male adjusting cone is continued upwards as a
sleeve through the whole length of which the small steel spindle passes. Round
this sleeve a rubber collar is placed just sinall enough to be freely admitted into
the top of the head, the hole in which is bored somewhat larger than is required
with the ordinary set screw-In the hole in the top of the head is screwed a cap
having a clearance hole through its centre for the end of the small steel spindle to
pass freely through, this cap screws down on to a washer on the top of the rubber
ring and can be adjusted to give any degree of compression, the interposed washer
is smaller in diameter than the hole in the head, and the hole in its centre is largo
enough to clear the sleeve of the top male conc. To adjust this head the
compression cap is slackened which loosens the rubber ring and the top centre is
then adjusted by the small steel spindle, on to which it is screwed by reason of its
bearing on the bottom centre, while the rubber ring prevents the coned centre
from turning round, thus as the small steel spindle is turned either way the top

page_text: centre rises or falls; after adjustment the compression cap is tightened, and by the
compression of the rubber the top centre is locked to the spindle, but if further
security is desired a lock nut can be used to lock the coned centre to the spinille.
Fifthly An Improved Luggage Carrier. I provide a rectangular piece of
leather about 9 inches long by 3 inches broad and at a suitable distan e from either
end I cut three slots parellel with each other and running lengthways of the piece of
leather These slots are as close together as they can be conveniently placed; the
centre slot is double the width of the others-The width and length of these slots is
controlled by the size of the straps it is intended to use. Each of these series of
slots is provided with a strap which is passed through them as follows; first
through one of the outer slots till the buckle end is close to the slot, then down
through the rentre slot, up again through the same slot and then back through the
other slot to the same side of the piece of leather as the buckle end of the strap is.
I then have a leather foundation provided with a strap at each end, having a loop
in its centre. Now if the luggage to be carried is strapped by these straps on to
this leather foundation the pull of the straps will cause the loops to contract and grip
whatever may be passed through them. These loops may be either passed round
the handle bar, or round the backbone, or back bone and spring, and it will be obvious
that the tighter the luggage is strapped up. the tighter it will grip whatever it is
fastened on to. If it is intended for use on the handle bar I fasten on to the
buckle end of one of the straps another short piece of strap at nearly right angles
with it, and on the buckle end of the other strap 1 fasten a buckle. Now by passing
this strap under the handle bar round in front of the head and fastening it to the
buckle on the other strap, the whole thing may be made taut and prevented from
falling forward as it otherwise would. If it is intended for-use-on-the backbone
I provide two straps running-from one end of the leather foundation, to fasten it to
the saddle by the staples in the ordinary way.
Sixthly-This-part of my Invention relates to the Improvements in the sounding
apparatus.used on Velocipedes to indicate their approach, protected by Letters.Patent
No. 518 February 2nd 1882 of which-t-am-one of the joint patentees. This improve-
ment consists of substituting for the elastic arm, carrying the clapper, a-rigid-arm
jointed to the finger lever by a double knuckle joint which allows it a slight
movement in either direction, in a plane with the movement of the finger lever,
independent of that lever. I connect the clapper by an elastic connection with a
button, or equivalent, sliding in a slot in the raised rim of the plate on which the
bell is mounted. When the button is at the lowest extremity of the slot, the
clapper is brought near enough to the interior surface of the bell to admit of its
striking it when the velocipede vibrates; the elastic connection restoring it to its
normal position after each stroke, when the vibration of the vehicle is not
sufficient to sound the bell, the finger lever may be used to manipulate the clapper.
When it is desired to silence the bell, the button is moved to the highest point in
the lot, which raises the clapper further from the inner surface of the bell and so
prevents it striking it, but owing to the elastic connection the clapper may still be
used through the finger lever to give intermittent sounds. The elastic connection
may be either a small coil spring or a rubber cord. I sometimes use this elastic
connection, in conjunction with the elastic arm as described in the before mentioned
Patent No 518 February 2nd, 1882, as a means of stiffening it and so silencing the bell

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert Edward Phillips in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd May 1883.
ROBERT EDWARD PHILLIPS of 32 Selby Road Anerley in the County of Surrey
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES AND PARTS APPERTAINING THERETO
My invention consists of Firstly-An improved grip treadle for holding the feet
of the rider and so preventing him from “ slipping his treadle" which is a constant
source of danger.
Figures 1. 2 and 3 Sheet 1. of the accompanying drawings illustrate this part of
my Invention. Figure 1. is an end elevation and Figure 2 a plan, of a treadle.
I fit on to each rat-trap plate A forming the ends of a treadle, a gripping
arrangement consisting of a pair of small bell crank levers Band B' having each one
long, arm a and one short one b. These bell crank levers B and B are pivotted to
the rat-trap plates A so that the long arms a are horizontal and the short arms b
vertical; The bell crank levers B are pivotted on fixed pins c and the bell crank
levers B¹ on loose pins & provided with nuts and washers e so that they may be
adjusted laterally in slots provided for that purpose, the object of this adjustment
being to accomodate different widths of boots. Springs C aro fixed to the rat-trap
plates A and bear up against the under sides of the long arms of the bell crank
levers, so as to cant them and bring them above the tops of the rat-trap plates and
so keep the inner edges of the short arms of the bell-crank lovers wide apart, so as
to be open to receive the foot of the rider. The inner edges g of the short arins b
of the bell .crank levers are either made with knife edges or with flat serrated
surfaces so as to obtain a better grip on the side of the sole of the boot.
It will be seen that when the rider places his foot on the treadle, it will come in
contact with the long arms of the bell crank levers and by depressing them, cause tho
short arms to grip his foot and so prevent him from "slipping his treadle" while his
foot will be automatically released when the weight of it is taken off the pedal.
I consider it only necessary to fit two of these gripping arrangements onto each
pedal, one on each rat-trap plate so that the forward part of the foot is gripped
whichever part of the pedal comes uppermost, but if it is desired, four gripping
arrangements may be fitted so as to grip both the back and the front parts of
the foot.
It will be obvious that there are many ways of carrying out this part of my
Invention without departing from the principle of it. For instance-Figure 3
Sheet, 1. of the accompanying drawings shows one of the plates of a treadle, to
which both of the bell crank levers B are pivotted on to fixed pins c and the top
part of the plate A is cut away so that the levers will accomodate themselves to any
width of boot within certain limits
I sometimes use only one bell crank lover and in place of the other I provide a
fixed stop piece against which the bell crank lever forces the sole of the boot and
so grips it. In this case either the stop piece or the bell crank lever may be made
adjustable.
Again I sometimes dispense with the spring C and instead I provide small flat
springs each fixed at one end to one of the side plates, and with their other ends
bearing against the inner edges of the short arms of the bell crank levers--These
springs perform the saine functions as that marked C and also temporarily contract
the width of the treadle so long as pressure is exerted.
The second part of my invention consists of an improved clutch for instantly
and equally driving both wheels of a Velocipede backwards as well as forwards, and

page_text: which will allow either wheel to over run the other, and will also allow of the
treadles being kept stationary for use as footrests.
Figures 4. 5 and 6 Sheet 1. of the accompanying drawings show this part of my
Invention Figure 4. is an elevation, partly in section, of the hub of one of the
driving wheels of a velocipede fitted with my clutch
I mount the driving wheel A loosely on the axle B, on which I cut two short
screws a and b with threads of a coarse pitch, the screw a being a left handed one
and the screw a right handed one, on each of these screws a and b are circular
nuts C and D with corresponding threads C to a and D to b, I call the outer nut C
the front driving nut and the inner nut D the back driving nut. The nut C
works in a recess in the hub of the driving wheel A and is provided with two
small springs c fastened on to its periphery-these springs c bear against the inner
circumferential face of the recess and make a slight tension between the nut C on
the axle and the hub of the driving wheel so that when the axle is moved forward
in the direction of the arrow the nut C by reason of the friction of the springs c
runs out and binds the hub of the driving wheel against the washer and nut on
the end of the axlo and so drives the wheel in the same direction as the axio, whilo
if the wheel over runs the axle the nut C by reason of the same friction would
run back and so disconnect the wheel from the axle-Figure 5. Sheet 1. is a section
'on line x. y. showing position of the sprin sc.
On the inner face of the hub of the driving wheel A I fix the drum of the strap
brake E, against which the back driving nut D binds when it comes into action.
From any convenient part of the frame of the Velocipede I carry a light spring F
which bears on the periphery of the back driving nut D, so that when the axle A
is moved forward in the direction of the arrow, the nut D by reason of the friction
of the spring F remains back against a fixed shoulder d on the axle A out of action,
but if the axle be moved in a direction opposite to that of the arrow, the back
-driving nut D would run out and bind the hub of the driving wheel against the
washer and nut at the end of the axle, and so drive the wheel in the same direction.
as the axle that is in a contrary-and-opposite direction to that of the arrow,
while the front driving nut C would run back out of action Figure 6 is a-sectional
elevation on line q. v. showing the position of the spring F. It must be understood
that both driving wheels of the Velocipede are fitted with this arrangement, but the
nuts and screws on the other end of the axle would be reversed, that is to say the
front driving nut would be a right hundred [sic] screw, and the back driving nut a
left handed screw-It will thus be seen that when the axle is moved forward in
the direction of the arrow, the front driving nuts run out and drive the wheels
forward, while the back driving nuts remain out of aution, Again if the wheels
overrun the axle or the axle be kept at rest, as would be the case when the pedals
were used as footrests, both driving nuts would remain out of action and the
wheels would be entirely disconnected from the axle, and again if the axle be
moved backwards in a direction opposite to the arrow, the hack driving nuts would
run out and drive the wheels backwards, while the front driving nuts would remain
out of action
It will be obvious that this part of my Invention is capable of many variations
and adaptations-For instance this driving mechanism may be fitted to the treadle
axle instead of to the driving wheel axle, or the backdriving nut may be fitted
with any existing form of front driving clutch, so as to be able to propel the
machine backwards. This clutch may also be applied to the driving wheels of
Bicycles, both driving nuts being recessed in the hub of the wheel, one on each
side.
The third part of my Invention relates to an improved brake-The brakes at
present in use on Velocipedes are either applied to the tyres of the wheels or to a
drum fixed to the axle or hubs of the wheels-It is obvious that in both cases an
enormous strain is put on the spokes of the wheels when the brake is applied-
The object of this part of my Invention is to obviate this by applying a brake to
both the above mentioned parts at the same time with an equalizing pressure and

page_text: also to provide a brake with two degrees of power and one that shall also be an
emergency brake.
Figure 7. Sheet 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates this part of my
Invention and shows the application of this brake to a rear steering Velocipede,
with the driving wheels mounted on stud axles, part of the frame and one wheel
only being shown.
I fix on to each wheel the usual drum A for the strap brake and on the left hand
side of the Machine at a point behind and slightly below the axle I mount a hand
lover B, for manipulating the brake, with a short lever b thrown off from its
fulcrum so as to form a bell crank; to the end of this short lever I fasten one
end of the brake strap C in the usual way-The fulcrum of the hand lever B is a
light shaft D running across the machine to provide for a corresponding action of
the strap brako on the right hand side of the vehicle, this strap brake is of the
usual kind having one end of the strap fastened to the lever and the other end fixed
to a stud on the frame.
The strap C on the left hand drum A is not however fixed at its other end but
is continued backwards at a tangent to the drum and connected by a light rod E
to a short arm F connected to a 1ocking shaft G which carries spoon levers H which
act as brakes on the tyres of the wheels, the rocking shaft G boing carried across
the entire width of the Machine so as to be in connection with both driving wheels.
The connecting rod E between the drum strap C and the lever F of the rocking
shaft G, slides through an eye K tixed to a convenient part of the frame. On this.
rod E are two stops e and one on each side of the fixed eye K. A bracket o
carried from the hand lever B also encircles this rod E in front of the fixed eye K,
but behind the front stop f. a coil spring d is placed on the rod E between the
back stop e and the fixed eye K to keep the brakes off when not in use, the spring
being fully extended when in the position shown on the drawing, i.c. when the
brakes are off-I sometimes providlo a sector rack with one slot in its centre, into
which a spring finger on the hand lever takes when the hand lever is in a ceutral.
position; that is when the brakes are off.
It will thus be seen that when the hand lever B is pulled backwards, the
strap C tighten round the drums A till the spoon brakes H are pulled onto the
peripheries of the driving wheels, so that brake power is applied equally at both
points this is the greatest power available; when less is required, the lever B is
pushed forward, when the bracket c on it catches the front stop f on the rod E and
puls the spoon lever brakes H on, whilst the drum brakes are not applied. As an
emergency brake it will be noticed that each brake is self contained, so that should.
any part of one fail, it does not effect the working of the other pait. It will be
obvious that this brake is capable of many modifications and is applicable to all
types of Velocipedes.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to an improved form of the head known
as the "Stanley "head. The object of this part of my Invention is to prevent the
flow of vibration between the front wheel and forks on the one hand and the
back wheel and back bone on the other hand, and vice versa, by cutting off as much
as possible the metallic connection between the neck and head. Figure 8 sheet 2
of the accompanying drawings illustrates this part of my Invention.
I use an ordinary "Stanley "head A and neck B, the bottom centre being of a
cup and ball shape, the centre C fixed in the head being ball shaped. The top
entre of the neck B is a femalu cone. The top adjustment in place of the usual
et screw consists of a male cone D, threaded on to a small steel spindle E which
goes down through the centre of the neck B through a clearance hole provided for
t, and bears on the top of the ball shaped lower centre C. The top male adjusting
one D is continued upwards as a sleeve & through the whole length of which
he small steel spindle E passes. Round this sleeve a rubber collar F is placed
ust small enough to be freely admitted into the top of the head. The hole in the
op of the head is screwed to receive an adjusting nut G having a clearance hole
a its centre for the end of the sinall spindle E to pass freely through, this nut G

page_text: screws down on to a washer H on the top of the rubber ring F and can be
adjusted to give any degree of compression. The interposed washer H is smaller
in diameter than the hole in the head, and the hole in its centre is large enough to
clear the sleeve d of the top male cone D
To adjust this head the compression nut G is slackened which loosens the rubber
ring F and the top centre D is then adjusted by the small spindle E, by turning it
to the right or the left, as it is required to set the top centre up or down. It will
be seen that the rubber ring F prevents the coned centre D from turning round,
thus as the small spindle E is turned either way so the top centre rises or falls;
after adjustinent the compression nut G is tightened and by the compression of the
rubber ring F the top centre D is locked to the spindle E. If further security is
desired a lock nut can he used to lock the coned centre to the spindle
This part of any Invention is applicable to all kind of Velocipedes on which
this form of head is used
The fifth part of my Invention relates to a luggage carrier for Velocipedes and
is illustrated by Figures 9. 10. 11 and 12. sheet 2 of the accompanying drawings
I provide a rectangular piece of Leather A about 9 inches long by 3 inches wido
and at a suitable distance from each end I cut three slots a. b and c. parallel with
each other and running lengthways of the piece of leather-see Figure 9. These slots
are as close together as they can be conveniently placed the centre slot b being
double the width of the other slots a. aud c. The width and length of these slots a. b
These straps are
and c is controlled by the size of the straps it is intended to use.
-made as shown in Figures 10 and 11, marked respectively B and O. Each of these
straps is passed through a series of the slots a. b and c as follows; first through the
outer slot a until the buckle end is close to the slot, then-down-through the centre
slot b, up again through the same-slot.b, and then back through the slot c, to tho
same-side of the piece of leather as the strap was first started from-See Figure 12.
Sheet 2. of the accompanying drawings.which is a section across one of the series
of slots-a.-bc with the strap in position.
This being done I have a leather foundation_provided with a strap at each-end,
having a loop in its centre. Now if the luggage to be carried-is-strapped by
these straps on to the leather foundation piece, the pull-of the straps will cause the
loops to contract and grip whatever may be passed through them. These loops may
be either passed round the handle bar, or round the back bone, or backbone
and spring as the case may be and it will be seen that the tighter the luggage is
strapped up, the tighter will be the grip of the carrier on to whatever it is
fastened If it is intended for use on the handle bar I fasten on to one of the
straps B, close to its buckle end, another short piece of strap d provided with a
buckle end, and on to the other strap C, close to its buckle end, I fastened a short
piece of strap c. Both these short straps d. and e. are fastened on to the straps B
and C respectively nearly at right angles to each other as shewn in Figures 10 and 11.
Sheet 2. of the accompanying drawings. Now by passing the end of the strap c.
under the handle bar, round in front of the head, and fastening it to the strap d. by
the buckle, the carrier may be made taut and prevented from falling forward as it
otherwise would.
If it is intended for use on the back bone, I provide two straps running from
holes at the end of the leather foundation piece, marked in dotted lines on Figure 9
Sheet 2 of the accompanying drawings, to fasten it to the saddle staples in the
usual manner.
The sixth part of my Invention relates to Improvements in the sounding
apparatus used on Velocipedes to indicate their approach, protected by Letters
Patent No 518 and bearing date February 2nd 1882, of which I am one of the
Joint Patentees
This part of my Invention is illustrated by Figures 13 and 14 Sheet 2 of the
accompanying Drawings-Figure 13 being an elevation of the bell with the gong
removed and Figure 14 a plan of the bell complete.
The improvement consists of substituting for the clastic arm carrying the

page_text: clapper, as described in the before mentioned Letters Patent, a rigid arm A
carrying a clapper a, This arm is jointed to a finger lever B by a double knuckle
joint which allows of a small amount of movement on the part of the arm A in
either direction in a plane with the movements of the finger lever B independent
of that lever.
I connect the clapper a. by an elastic connection C to a button D sliding in a
slot b in the raised rim of the foundation plate E, on which the bell is mounted.
When the button D is at the lowest extremity of the slot b. as shown in Figures 13
and 14, the clapper a. is brought near enough to the interior surface of the gong F
to admit of its striking it, when the velocipede vibrates; the elastic connection C
restoring it to its normal position after each stroke, but when the vibration of the
Velocipedo is not sufficient to sound the bell the finger lever B may be used to
manipulate the clapper. When it is desired to silenco the bell, the button is
moved to the highest point in the slot b. as shewn by dotted lines in Figure 13.
Sheet 2. of the accompanying Drawings, which raises the clapper a. further from
the inner surface of the gong F and, so prevents it from striking it, but owing to
the elastic connection, the clapper may still be used through the finger lever to
give intermittent sounds.
The elastic connection may be either a small coil spring as shown or a
rubber cord.
I sometimes use this elastic connection in conjunction with the clastic arm as
described in the before inentioned Letters Patent No. 518 February 2nd 1882 as a
means of stiffening it, and to prevent it vibrating and thus silence the bell.
Having thus described any said Invention and the manner in which the same
may be carried into practical effect, I hereby declare that what I claim as my
Invention and desire to secure by the hereinbefore, in part recited, Letters
Patent is
First The Improved Pedal constructed so that the downward pressure of the
riders foot causes the width of the pedal to be temporarily contracted, substantially
in the manner and for the purpose described.
Secondly The automatic clutch consisting of a combination of screws and nuts
and tension springs working substantially in the manner, and for the purpose
described.
Thirdly The application of the fixed tension spring for controlling the automatic
action of the back driving clutch as shewn, or any other similar forin of clutch
Fourthly The combined strap drum and tyre brake, substantially as shown and
for the purpose described.
Fifthly The Luggage Carrier substantially as shewn and for the purpose
described.
Sixthily The construction and application to Velocipedes of the improved rubber
cushioned head substantially in the inanner and for the purpose described
Seventhly The construction and application of a sounding apparatus for
Velocipedes, combining a continuous automatic Sounding Bell, capable of being
silenced at Will, and a finger lover gong substantially in the manner, and for the
purpose described.
In witness whereof I the said Robert Edward Phillips have hereunto set my
hand and seal the nineteenth day of April in the Year of Our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three
ROBERT. EDWARD. PHILLIPS (L.S.)