AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF DOMESTIC ECONOMIZING THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL AND UTILIZING THEREOF.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Harry John Steel and Richard Wheen Garland,
of the Wharncliffe Works, Sheffield, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF DOMESTIC
ECONOMIZING THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL AND UTILIZING
THEREOF.
"
STOVE FOR
THE HEAT
Sealed the 27th May 1878, and dated the 31st March 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Harry John Steel
and Richard Wheen Garland at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 31st March 1878.
We, HARRY JOHN STEEL, and RICHARD WHEEN GARLAND, of the
Wharncliffe Works, Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF
DOMESTIC STOVE FOR ECONOMIZING THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL AND UTILIZING THE
HEAT THEREOF," to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to a special construction of stove or grate, and
consists in forming the fore part or body which carries the grate or fire
basket so that it projects beyond the wall line of the room in which the

page_text: stove is fitted. The projecting portion of the stove is hollow up the
sides and over the top, one or both of which have perforations for the
admission of cold air from and for the emission of warm air into the
room.
The back of the stove face and also the dome portion have fins or
gills projecting into a hollow space or air chamber as shown in the
accompanying Drawings, Figure 1 of which is a sectional elevation, and
Figure 2 a sectional plan; a, a¹, are the two front faces of the stove
projecting beyond the wall line of the room, these forming between
them and the back b a hot air chamber c, in which ribs, fins, or gills d, d,
are arranged preferably cast in a piece with the faces a, a. e is the
grate or fire basket, and f, the chimney throat by which the escaping
products of combustion enter the chimney g as shown by the arrows.
The bottoms of the double faces a, a, may have perforations, or the
back plate of the ash-pit h only may have the perforations for the
admission of cold air into the chamber c where it becomes heated in
its circulation or passage to the dome i from whence it escapes into the
room. The ribs or gills run round the interior surface of the face and
dome of the stove to heat the air from the sides. The fire is always an
open one like that of an ordinary stove, and the draught through the
same can be regulated by a throat valve or sham register flap, as found
convenient.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Harry John Steel and Richard Wheen Garland
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HARRY
JOHN STEEL and RICHARD WHEEN GARLAND, of the Wharncliffe Works,
Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of March in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Harry John Steel and Richard Wheen
Garland, Her special licence that we, the said Harry John Steel and
Richard Wheen Garland, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or

page_text: such others as we, the said Harry John Steel and Richard Wheen
Garland, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
5 exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iμ-
PROVED CONSTRUCTION OF DOMESTIC STOVE FOR ECONOMIZING THE CONSUMPTION OF
FUEL AND UTILIZING THE HEAT THEREOF," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Harry John Steel and Richard Wheen Garland,
or one of us, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
3 next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Harry John Steel and Richard
Wheen Garland, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to
say:-
-
This Invention relates to a special construction of stove or grate, and
consists in forming the fore part or body which carries the grate or fire
basket so that it projects beyond the wall line of the room in which the
stove is fitted. The projecting portion of the stove is hollow up the
sides and over the top, one or both of which have perforations for the
admission of cold air from and for the emission of warm air into the
room.
The back portion of the stove face and the dome portion have fins or
gills projecting into a hollow space or air chamber formed between the
projecting sides and the back as shown in the accompanying Drawings,
Figure 1 of which is a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 a sectional
plan; a, a, are the two front faces of the stove projecting beyond the
wall line of the room, these having between them and the back b a hot
air chamber o in which ribs, fins, or gills d, d, are arranged preferably
cast in a piece with the faces a, a. e, e, is the grate or fire basket,
and the chimney throat by which the escaping products of combustion
enter the chimney g as shown by the arrows. Figure 3 is a face view

page_text: of one of our patented stoves complete. The bottoms or plinths of the
double faces a¹, a¹, have perforations as also in most cases the back
plate of the ash pit / for the admission of cold air into the chamber o
where it becomes heated in its circulation or passage to the projecting
The ribs or
dome or canopy i from whence it escapes into the room.
gills run round the interior surface of the face and of the dome of the
stove to heat the air from the sides, but the dome gills can be dispensed
with if found necessary. The fire is always an open one like that of an
ordinary stove, and the draught through the same can be regulated by a
throat valve or sham register flap as found convenient. The plinths j,j,
of the faces a¹, a¹, have valves fitted to close the openings more or less
in order to regulate the entrance of cold air, and the dome aperture has
The
a valve for regulating the exit of the warm air into the room.
front of the ash pan or space is preferably covered by a perforated screen
or plate as shown, and in order to compel the ingoing cold air to pass
to the back of the fire-place which we make of iron or fire-clay, we
carry the passage of the plinths j, j, through to a supplementary
screen behind, along which the air from these plinths passes to and
through apertures to lead it into contact with the back of the fire
basket and the gills above, thereby utilizing all the heat radiated from
the back and sides, and also from the gills in rarefying the air before it
issues from the dome into the room.
The advantages arising from the employment of the stove in the
accompanying Drawings are,-
1. Extreme simplicity, there being no valve or movements of any
kind, therefore no liability to derangement.
2. There is literally no expense or trouble in fixing, the grate being
complete in itself; even the chimney breasts can be dispensed with.
3. Thorough and efficient ventilation obtained by the admission from
without of pure cold air passed through the hot air chamber.
4. A maximum of heat from a minimum of fuel; not only is the coal
totally consumed and the warm air fully utilized, but by reason of the
entire stove projecting in place of receding all the heat generated is
thrown forward into the apartment.
5. A room of ordinary size, say 24 feet by 18 feet, can be efficiently
warmed by the consumption of so small a quantity as one pound of coal

page_text: per hour; the saving as compared with the consumption of an ordinary
register stove being equivalent to fully 75 per cent.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood
that we are aware that various suggestions have been made for warming
and ventilation by causing air heated by the fuel in combustion in the
grate to pass into the room by arrangements of flues, we do not there-
fore claim the heating and introduction of hot air except by means of
apparatus constructed as above described, but we hereby declare that we
claim as our Invention the special construction of open fire domestic
stoves as above described, and as shown in the accompanying Drawings
in which are side cheeks and faces projecting beyond the wall line of the
room with an air chamber provided with gills so as to constitute a warm
air open fire-grate complete in itself and not built into or dependent on
air flues in the brickwork as above described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Harry John Steel and Richard
Wheen Garland, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-ninth day of September, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-three.