CERTAIN IMPROVE MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS
Year: 1810

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, WILLIAM
MULLER, of the Haymarket, in the Parish of Saint James, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting..
WHEREAS His-most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster the Twelfth day of -
February, in the fiftieth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said
William Muller, my exors, 'adññiors, and assigns, His especial licence, 'full
power, sole privilego and authority that I, the said William Muller, my exors,
adñiors, and assigns, during the term of years therein mentioned, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS;" in which said Letters Patent-there is
contained a proviso, obliging me, the said William Muller, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months after the, date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 'I, the said
William Müller, do hereby declare that my said Invention-is described in and
by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following description thereof; that
is to say:
The nature of my-Invention is to raise water with less power with a pump
of my construction than-with- the common pump. 1.-Streh a pump is inclosed

page_text: either in a round or an oval pipe, or in two round pipes. Fig. 1 shows a
section of the pump in one tube inclosed, and Fig. 2 such a section of a
pump inclosed in two round pipes; an oval pipe, as a, Fig. 1, should have 6 to
12 inches in diameter, the same dimensions will be necessary for a round tube,
its length is about thirty feet; if such a pump is inclosed in two tubes, Fig. 2, 5
a, a, and b, b, then should every one have four to eight inches in diameter, and
be of about 26 to 30 foot long, or less.
2. In the oval or round pipe, Fig. 1 is another of about 3 to 10 inches in
diameter, and from 1 to 4 feet shorter, as the one a, a. This pipe b, b, is for
the samo use as the one b, b, in Figure 2; these pipes may be made of the I
same length by joining them by flanges or screws.
3. On the pipe a, a, Fig. 1 and 2, is a head o, o, in the head of Figure 1,
and two bottoms d, d, and e, e, each has, when they are round, four valvets,
if oval, only two, f. All those valvets ought to be air-tight; these two bottoms
are also, in Fig. 2, represented by d, d, and e, e, in cach of them is one valve. 1
4. In each of the pipes b, b, Fig. 1 and 2, moves another pipe g, g, through
the bottom e, e, are tight, its handle g, g, is fastened to another bar g, g, by a
joint, and this by a pin to the balance beam h, h, which moves air-tight
through the bottom d, d.
5. The valvets are of brass, and thoso in the bottom e, e, Fig. 1 and 2, of 2
a greater weight than those in the bottom f.
6. The pipe 9, 9, moves in the pipe b, b, and the lower end on four friction
wheels, to keep it always in its proper situation, which should not be disturbed
by any friction; the pipe 9, 9, may also be made of two pipes g, g, each about
3 feet long, and then be joined by an iron bar g, g, so that it always is about 2
thirty feet from g to g, or less; this pipe is about two-thirds to on inch less in
diameter than the pipe b, b, Fig. 1 and 2, and is made of the said length by
screwing its pieces together.
7. Two of these pumps presented in Fig. 1, or two of them presented in
Fig. 2, placed at or on one balance beam, are necessary to produce the above &
said effect.
8. When the piston in these pumps is moved upwards, supposing it is in its
lowest situation, then will the valvets of the undermost bottom e, e, be shut, in
consequence of their greater weight, and the air be forced out by the valvets of
the first bottom; and in moving the piston again down, the valvets in the first s
bottom will shut, and those in the second will open, and by this cause a
vacuum between the two bottoms d, d, and e, e, this will be filled with air out
of those parts, either Figure 1 between the two outmost tubes a, a, and b, b,
or Fig. 2, contained in the tube a, a, under the bottom e, e; by repeating the

page_text: motion the water will be raised up to the bottom e, e, and the air be forced out
of the pipe a, a, Fig. 1 and 2, and at last the water will flow through the
valve of the uppermost bottom, and out of the tubes i, i, into the reservoir k, k.
9. The force necessary to move the piston upwards is equal to the force
required to lift a column of water of 12 to 24 inches high, and of the same
diameter as the piston 9, 9; and also the force necessary to conquer the friction"
and to lift the piston, which force to lift the piston, however, can have no
action when two pumps work together on one balance beam h, h; the force to
move the piston down the valvets in the upper bottom d, d, being shut, is equal
to the force to move a cylinder like the piston in the direction of its axis,
which is very little, the top and the bottom of the piston terminating in a
globular form, and also the force to conquer the friction, the weight of the
piston having no action, as two pumps being fixed at equal distance at one
balance bar.
10. The water is by these means, with about one-tenth to one-fiftieth part
of the force or weight, lifted or raised, as is necessary to raise it in common
pumps, and by applying the same power on pumps of my Invention, the same
quantity of water is in the same time raised ten to 15 times as high as it can
be done in the common pumps.
•
11. A couple of these pumps, fixed to a balance beam, are worked by the
same quantity of water which they will raise about thirty feet high; in letting
this quantity of water fall from the height of 6 to 10 feet in a contrivance
which will be described afterwards, and hence in this manner these pumps
lift the water about 18 to 22 feet high, in using no other force than letting
it fall from the height of 6 to 10 feet, and so the water is raised by the pumps
of my Invention, of no other force than that produced by its fall from the
height of 6 to 10 feet, and hence can the water be lifted 19 to 24 feet high
without any other expences than those arising from the machinery.
12. The contrivance by which this pump can be worked consists in two such
machines as now will be described, one of which is fixed with the bar n, n', n",
or the handle of its piston 1, 1, on the balance bar h, h, in a distance of about 6
to 8 times as large from the supporting point as that of the piston handles of
the pumps.
13. This contrivanco consists in a pipe s, s, of about 6 to 12 feet length,
and one to two feet in diameter, according to the diameter of the piston of the.
pumps.
14. In this tube or pipe s, s, moves a piston l, l, with a valve m, air-tight,
the handle of which is fixed on the balance beam in the above said distance
from the supporting point t.

page_text: .15. As soon as the water flows out of the pumps through i, i, it is collected
in the resorvoir.k, k, through which bottom are one or two holes with valvets 9, 9,
between those two valvets q, q, is a hole n, with a pipe n, n, on it that the
piston moves without any friction through the bottom of the reservoir k, k.
.
16. When the piston 1,1, is in its highest situation Z, Z, then the two
valvets g, g, will be opened by the two bars p, p, and when it is in its lowest
situation then its valve m is opened by the bar o, fixed at the bottom of the
pipe s, s.
17, When two of those contrivances contained in the tube s, s, are fixed
at or on a balance beam, one of them at each end in the said distance
from the supporting point f, then will one piston be in its lowest. situation,.
whilst the other is in its highest situation, as the pointed line Z, Z, shews,
and then will this tube be filled with water through the valvets q; q, and at
the very same time will the other tube whose piston is sunk down to its
bottom be evacuated by lifting its valve m, by the bar o, then will the piston
in the empty tube rise, and the one in the filled tube sink; and so this motion
will reciprocally be repeated by the gravitation of that quantity of water lifted.
by the pumps; and the balance beam will thus be moved, which again will
put the pistons g, 9, of the two pumps in motion, and hence will the pumps be
moved by the very same quantity of water which they lift in, letting it fall
from the height of eight to twelve feet.
:
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: :
.In witness whereof; I, the said William Müller, have hereunto set my.
-hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord'
One thousand eight hundred and teň..
:
W MÜLLER. (L.S.)
AND BE IT. REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1810, the aforesaid William Müller came before our said.
Lord the King in His Chancery and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein, contained and specified, in form
above written. And also, the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
..
.
Inrolled the Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and ten.