Improvements in Drawing Rolls for Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th June, 1889-Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drawing Rolls for Fibrous Materials.
A communication from abroad by JOSEPH M. DUNHAM and JOHN MCKEMMIE, of
Holyoke, County of Hampden, State of Massachusetts, United States of
America, Mechanical Engineers.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster, and 823 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to Drawings Rolls for Drawing Heads for elongating,
evening, and reducing slivers of fibrous material preparatory to spinning or twisting
the same, and the invention consists in the peculiar construction of said rolls, and in
means for supporting them in relative operative positions while the sliver passes
between them.
The upper and lower rolls of one of the three pairs of drawing rolls, are usually
mounted in a frame side by side, and constitute a "drawing-head,” the sliver operated
upon passing between the soveral pairs of rolls in succossion, in a manner well known
to those familiar with such machinery.
The said drawing rolls, are supported one above the other in the vertically slotted
standards, of the roll-frame, and rotary motion is imparted to each pair, ordinarily,
through a gear, on one end of the lower roll, having suitable engagement with other
running gearing.
Heretofore other drawing heads than those having rolls arranged in pairs consisting
of one (the lower) made of metal with a series of longitudinally running, flat-
bottomed grooves in its surface, and the upper one also of metal, not grooved, but
covered with leather, have been but little known. The said leather-covered roll is
used with said metal one in order to avoid crushing the sliver, and the said lower
roll is grooved as described to enable it to better engage with said sliver. Owing to
the considerable cost of often re-covering said leather-covered rolls, efforts have been
made to uso grooved metal rolls for both top and bottom rolls, so arranging or
supporting said rolls that their ribs and grooves roll in direct contact when no sliver
is passing between them.
The improvements in drawing rolls herein described, with adjustable bearings
therebetween whereby the axes of the rolls are made adjustable towards and from
each other for the purpose of preventing them from rotating in contact with each
other and for bringing the inter operating surfaces of the ribs and grooves of each
pair of rolls into such relation to each other that the sliver-space between them shall
be of such depth or dimension as causes the sliver to be sufficiently compressed
between the rolls, (within its elastic capabilities) whereby said sliver is made to
positively move or be drawn along in consonance with the surface-movement thereof,
without danger of crushing or cutting the fibres of the sliver, whether the roll
upper
be weighted or not.
The said drawing rolls are, for the purposes of this invention made preferably
with grooves, and ribs, of V-shape, or in other words, each of said ribs is of triangular
form in cross-section, as plainly seen at the end of the roll, and the formation of
such ribs, naturally results in the production of correspondingly shaped grooves,
therebetween.
These ribs may be made with edges having a curved form in cross-section or of
other form and the rolls, if desired, may be operated, when drawing a thick sliver as
in doubling heads, by letting them bear directly one upon the other, but in either

page_text: case the ribs of the rolls have a greater height than the thickness thereof at their
bases in order to enable them to properly grip the sliver so that it cannot slip between
them.
The practical advantages pertaining to drawing rolls having the V-shaped ribs and
grooves as described, are, that the edges of the grooves, more or less acute, afford
vastly more efficient means for the requisite engagement of the ribs with the sliver,
than do ribs having curved or half-rounded edges, and under equal contact conditions
of operation upon a sliver, the rolls hereinbefore described would draw it, while the
rolls with rounded edged ribs would slip over it. The means for maintaining the
rolls in such positions that their axes are so separated, that the edges of the ribs of
one roll do not reach the bottoms of the grooves in the other roll, are as follows:
One of said rolls, has a circular collar secured on each end thereof by a key or by
screws passing through said collar into the end of the roll, or by other suitable means,
whereby one pair of collars may be replaced by another pair having a greater or less
diameter.
The peripheries of said collars bear upon and rotate in contact with those portions
of the opposite roll, between its journals and the adjoining ends of its grooved part,
and said collars are of such diameter that they allow of the interlocking, more or
less, of the ribs and grooves of the two rolls, but prevent the edges of the ribs from
ever touching the bases of the opposite grooves. The said collars attached to the
said rolls as described, provide adequate means for holding said rolls in their said
partially separated relations while they rotate, or of adjusting the degroe of such
seperation to suit the sliver to be operated upon. It is obvious that the said drawing
rolls may, when applied to a machine to be run unchangingly on slivers of a given
weight per yard, or of uniform size, have said collars, permanently fixed thereon, to
maintain the roll which they support in a certain fixed, but separated relation to the
opposite roll, or, in other words the rolls are so controlled that their ribs and grooves
only partially interlock.
A
A
"
1080
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drawing Rolls for Fibrous Materials.
A communication from abroad by JOSEPH M. DUNHAM and JOHN M°KEMNIE, of
Holyoke, County of Hampden, State of Massachusetts, United States of America,
Mechanical Engineers.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to drawing rolls for drawing heads for elongating, evening,
and reducing slivers of fibrous material preparatory to spinning or twisting the same,
and the invention consists in the peculiar construction of said rolls, and in means for
supporting them in relative operative positions while the sliver passes between them,
all as hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawing:
-
Figure 1 is an end elevation partly in section, and
Figure 2 is a side elevation, also partly in section, of two fibre-drawing rolls
constructed according to this invention, said Figures showing a frame or portions
thereof, in which said rolls are adapted to be rotated.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of said rolls.

page_text: Figure 4 is a perspective view of an end-collar of the roll.
The parts of Figure 1 which are shown in section are taken about on line y y,
Figure 2, and the parts in Figure 2 shown in section, are taken about on line xx,
Figure 1.
In the drawing, 3 and 4 represent, respectively, the upper and lower rolls of one
of the three pairs of drawing rolls which are usually mounted in a frame side by side,
and constitute a "drawing-head," the sliver operated upon passing between the
several pairs of rolls in succession, in a manner well known to those familiar with
such machinery.
The said drawing rolls, 3 and 4, are supported one above the other in the vertically
slotted standards 5 of the roll-frame, and rotary motion is imparted to each pair,
ordinarily through a gear 6 on one end of the lower roll, having suitable engagement
with other running gearing.
Heretofore other drawing heads than those having rolls arranged in pairs consisting
of one (the lower) inade of inetal with a series of longitudinally running, flat-
bottomed grooves in its surface, and the upper one also of metal, not grooved but
covered with leather, have been but little known. The said leather-covered roll is
used with said metal one in order to avoid crushing the sliver, and the said lower
roll is grooved as described to enable it to better engage with said sliver. Owing to
the considerable cost of often re-covering said leather-covered rolls, efforts have been
made to use grooved metal rolls for both top and bottom rolls, so arranging or
supporting said rolls that their ribs and grooves roll in direct contact when no sliver
is passing between them.
The improvements in drawing rolls are herein shown and described, with adjustable
bearings therebetween, whoreby the axes of the rolls are made adjustable towards
and from each other for the purpose of preventing them from rotating in contact with
each other, and for bringing the interoperating surfaces of the ribs and grooves of
each pair of rolls into such relation to each other that the sliver-space between them
shall be of such depth or dimension as causes the sliver to be sufficiently compressed
between the rolls, (within its elastic capabilities) whereby said sliver is made to
positively move or be drawn along in consonance with the surface-movement thereof,
without danger of crushing or cutting the fibres of the sliver, whether the upper roll
be weighted or not.
The said drawing rolls 3 and 4 are, for the purposes of this invention, made
preferably with grooves a and ribs c of V-shape, as shown, or, in other words, oach
of said ribs is of triangular form in cross-section, as plainly seen at the end of the
roll, and the formation of such ribs c, naturally results in the production of
corresponding shaped grooves a therebetween.
These ribs may be made with edges having a curved form in cross-section, or of
the form shown, and the rolls, if desired, may be operated, when drawing a thick
sliver, as in doubling beads, by letting them bear directly one upon the other, but in
either case, the ribs of the rolls have a greater height than the thickness thereof at
their bases, in order to enable then to properly grip the sliver so that it cannot slip
between them.
The practical advantages pertaining to drawing rolls having the V-shaped ribs and
grooves as described, are that the edges of the grooves, more or less acute, afford
vastly more efficient means for the requisite engagement of the ribs with the sliver,
han do ribs having curved or half-rounded edges, and under equal contact conditions
of operation upon a sliver, the rolls herein shown would draw it, while the rolls with
rounded edged ribs would slip over it. The means for maintaining the rolls 3 and 4
n such positions that their axes are so separated, as shown, that the edges of the
ibs of one roll do not reach the bottoms of the grooves in the other roll, are illustrated
n Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, and are as follows:-
One of said rolls, (the upper one, 3, is shown so fitted in the drawing) has a
ircular collar 7, secured on each end thereof by a key 8, or by screws passing
hrough said collar into the end of the roll, or by other suitable means, whereby one
air of collars may be replaced by another pair having a greater or less diameter.

page_text: The peripheries of said collars 7 bear upon and rotate in contact with those
portions 6 of the opposite roll, between its journals and the adjoining ends of its
grooved part, and said collars are of such diameter that they allow of the interlocking,
more or less, of the ribs and grooves of the two rolls but prevent the edges of the
ribs from ever touching the bases of the opposite grooves, as shown..
The said collars 7, attached to the said rolls as described, provide adequate means
for holding said rolls in their said partially separated relations while they rotate, or of
adjusting the degree of such separation to suit the sliver to be operated upon. It is
obvious that the said drawing rolls 3 and 4 may, when applied to a machine to be
run unchangingly on slivers of a given weight per yard, or of, uniform size, have
said collars.7 permanently fixed thereon, to maintain the roll which they support in a
certain fixed but separated relation to the opposite roll, or, in other words, the rolls
are so controlled that their ribs and grooves only partially interlock, as shown in
Figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to mo
by my foreign correspondents, 1 declaro that what I claim is :—
1. A pair of drawing rolls for fibrous materials having longitudinal ribs and
grooves normally interlocking with each other during their rotation, combined with
bearings for one of said rolls, whereby the axes thereof are held at such degree of
separation that the edges of the ribs of one roll have no contact with the bottom of
the grooves of the opposite roll, substantially as set forth.
2. A pair of ribbed and grooved drawing rolls for fibrous materials normally
interlocking with each other during their rotation, combined with interchangeable
bearings for one of said rolls, whereby the axes thereof are held at varying degrees
of separation, substantially as set forth.
3. A pair of drawing rolls for fibrous materials having longitudinal ribs and
grooves normally interlocking with each other during their rotation, combined with
circular collars, substantially as described, secured to the ends of one of said rolls
whose peripheries engage with the opposite roll, whereby the edges of the ribs of
one roll have no contact with the bottom of the grooves of the opposite roll,
substantially as set forth.
4. A pair of drawing rolls for fibrous materials having longitudinal ribs inter-
locking with each other, said ribs having a greater height than the thickness thereof
at their bases, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 13th day of June 1889.
SAVDOAN
WM. F. THOMPSON & CO.,
Agents for the Applicant.