Filters for the Purpose of Cleansing the same.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Jan.. 1887.
Complete Left, 13th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 15th Nov., 1887
with Filters for the Purpose of Cleansing the same.
1 EDWARD PERRETT of 8 Victoria Chambers, Victoria Street, in the City of
Westminster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to improved means or apparatus to be employed in com-
bination with filters for the purpose of effectually and rapidly cleansing the same.
The filter to which my Invention is applied may consist of a vessel having a
perforated false bottom upon which is placed the filtering material or medium such
for example as charcoal, punice and the like. The liquid to be filtered is introduced
into the vessel and passing down through the material or medium leaves its impurities
therein.
In carrying out my Invention I cleanse the filtering material or medium by
causing a circulation or motion of the liquid in the vessel whereby the material or
medium is disturbed and the dirt or impurities are detached and carried away by
clean liquid admitted into the vessel for the purpose. I may employ for effecting
the required circulation or motion of the liquid a centrifugal or other pump, fan or
equivalent circulating device situate at the side of the vessel and arranged so as to
draw the liquid from above the material and discharge it below the material forcing
it therethrough, thus disturbing the material and enabling the dirt or impurities to be
carried away by a supply of clean liquid introduced for the purpose. Or I may
arrange the pump, fan or circulating device in the vessel below the filtering material,
the action being as before. Or I may arrange the pump, fan or circulating device
above the filtering material so that violent motion shall be imparted to the liquid and
the material shall be disturbed by the currents set up the dirt or impurities being
carried away as before. In this last mentioned modification I may employ as the
circulating device an air blast delivered from below the liquid through a suitable
channel and which by inducing currents in the liquid and causing it to circulate over
the filtering material disturbs the latter and enables the dirt or impurities to be
carried away as before.
D
1911 1
T
THS. J. HANDFORD,
50, Bedford Row, London, W.C.,
Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means or Apparatus Employed in Connection
with Filters for the Purpose of Cleansing the same.
I EDWARD PERRETT of 8 Victoria Chambers, Victoria Street in the City of
Westminster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to improved means or apparatus to be employed in com-
bination with filters for the purpose of effectually and rapidly cleansing the same.
The filter to which my Invention is applied, consists of a vessel or chamber, having
a perforated false bottom, upon which is placed the filtering material or medium, such
for example as charcoal, pumice, or the like. The liquid to be filtered, is introduced
into the vessel or chamber, and passing down through the material or medium leaves
its impurities therein.
In carrying out my Invention, I cleanse the filtering material or medium by
causing a circulation or motion of the liquid in the vessel or chamber, whereby the
material or medium is disturbed, and the dirt or impurities are detached and carried
away by clean liquid admitted into the vessel or chamber for the purpose.
I may
employ for effecting the required circulation or motion of the liquid, a centrifugal
or other pump, fan or equivalent circulating device or means, situate at the side of
the vessel or chamber, and arranged so as to draw the liquid from above the material
and discharge it below the material forcing it therethrough, thus disturbing the
material and enabling the dirt or impurities to be carried away by a supply of clean
liquid introduced for the purpose. Or I may arrange the pump, fan or circulating
device or means in the vessel or chamber below the filtering material, the action
being as before. Or I may arrange the pump, fan or circulating device or means
above the filtering material, so that violent motion shall be imparted to the liquid
and the material shall be disturbed by the currents set up, the dirt or impurities
being carried away as before. In this last mentioned arrangement, I may employ as
the circulating means, an air blast or other suitable gaseous fluid under pressure,
delivered from below the liquid through a suitable channel, and which by inducing
currents in the liquid and causing it to circulate over the filtering material, disturbs
the latter and enables the dirt or impurities to be carried away as before.
And in order that the said invention may be perfectly understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the accompanying sheets of drawings, the same letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figures 1 and 2 (sheet 1) and Figures 3 and 4 (sheet 2) are sectional elevations
illustrating respectively four modifications of my Invention as employed in connection
with a filter of ordinary construction.
The ordinary filter shewn in the drawings, consists of a vessel A, having a

page_text: perforated false bottom a, upon which is placed the filtering material or medium b, such
for example as charcoal, pumice or the like. The liquid to be filtered, is introduced
into the vessel A at c and passing down through the material or medium 6, leaves its
impurities therein, and the filtered water escapes at d.
My invention has for its object to cleanse the filtering material or medium, and
this object is accomplished by causing a circulation or motion of the liquid in the
vessel, whereby the material or medium is disturbed and the dirt or impurities are
detached and carried away by clean liquid, admitted for the purpose into the vessel,
say for example at d, the discharge opening being situate for example at e.
According to the modification illustrated in Figure 1, I employ for effecting the
required circulation or motion of the liquid, a centrifugal pump or fan B, situate at
the side of the vessel, suitably actuated by well known means not shewn in Figure 1,
and arranged in connection with a pipe leading from the bottom of the vessel A
and with a pipe g terminating in a perforated or reticulated extremity g¹ situate
above the filtering material or medium b. A cock h is provided on the pipe g, and it
is to be understood that cocks are also provided on the passages c, d and e although
not shewn in Figure 1.
When it is required to cleanse the filtering material or medium, assuming the
vessel A to be full of water, the cocks on the passages c, d and e are closed, and the
cock h on the pipe g is opened, and the centrifugal pump or fan B is set in motion,
whereby the liquid in the vessel B is drawn from above the material b and discharged
below it, and then forced therethrough, the circulation thus maintained disturbing
the material b, and enabling the dirt or impurities to be carried away by a supply of
clean liquid introduced by opening the cock at d, the waste liquid containing the
impurities being discharged at e.
According to the modification illustrated in Figure 2, I arrange the centrifugal
pump or fan B in the vessel A below the filtering material or medium b, the action
being as herein before described with reference to the modification shewn in Figure 1.
In this view (Figure 2) the rotating body of the centrifugal pump or fan B is shewn
secured on a shaft or axis i, suitably guided at its upper end and passing through a
stuffing box at the bottom of the vessel A and supported in a bearing at its lower
end outside of the vessel, a pulley & being also represented on such axis for receiving
motion from any suitable prime mover.
According to the modification illustrated in Figure 3, I arrange the centrifugal
pump or fan B in the vessel A above the filtering material or medium b, so that
violent motion shall be imparted to the liquid and the material b shall be disturbed
by the currents set up, the dirt or impurities being carried away by the admission of
clean liquid as hereinbefore described with reference to the modification shewn in
Figure 1.
In the modifications illustrated by Figures 1, 2 and 3 respectively, I may substitute
for the fan or centrifugal pump, a pump of any other suitable description or an
equivalent circulating device or means.
According to the inodification illustrated in Figure 4, I employ an air blast or
other suitable gaseous fluid under pressure as the circulating means.
The air or gas
under pressure, derived from any suitable source, is conducted by the pipe to the
nozzle B (the mouth of which is by preference surrounded by a casing 1) and is
there delivered into the liquid. Currents are thereby induced in such liquid, causing
it to circulate over the filtering material b, whereby the latter is disturbed and the
dirt or impurities are detached and carried away by the admission of clean liquid as
hereinbefore described with reference to the modification shewn in Figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. Cleansing filters, substantially of the type hereinbefore referred to, by causing
a circulation or motion of the liquid in the filter vessel or chamber, whereby the
filtering material or medium is disturbed, thus enabling the dirt or impurities to be
carried away, substantially as hereinbefore described.

page_text: 2. The means or apparatus employed in connection with filters, substantially of
the type herein before referred to, for the purpose of cleansing the same, substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference respectively to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. The employment in connection with filters, substantially of the type herein-
before referred to, for the purpose of cleansing the same, of an air blast or other
suitable gaseons fluid under pressure, arranged so as to cause a motion of the liquid
in the filter vessel or chamber, whereby the filtering. material or medium is disturbed,
thus enabling the dirt or impurities to be carried away, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
THS. J. HANDFORD,
50, Bedford Row, London, W.C.,
Agent.