Year: 1885

page_text: I, GEORGE MACAULAY-CRUIKSHANK of 135 Buchanan Street Glasgow in the.
County of Lanark Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad by Adalbert
Roth and Gustav Roth of Aschaffenburg in the Empire of Germany, to be as
follows:-
The improved tuyere constituting this invention consists of three parts, namely,
(1) a plate having at or near its centre a group or series of conical holes or air
passages (2) a cylindrical or frusto-conical tubular part having a lateral branch or
inlet and (3) a door or shutter by which the lower end of the cylindrical or conical
tube is closed. The tube is connected to and projects at right angles downwards
from the perforated plate so as to enclose or..circumscribe the series of conical holes*
and the joint between it and the plate is rendered tight by a leather ring or by
other equivalent means.
The conical holes are widest at their bases or lower ends
and at their upper ends they have each a short cylindrical part, that is to say, a
part of equal diameter throughout, extending from the conical part vertically to the
upper surface of the plate..
.
The frusto-conical or cylindrical tube serves the double purpose of receiving the
air entering by the lateral branch and conducting it through the conical holes in
the plate to the hearth and also of acting as a receptacle for the small cinders and
fragments of metal and scoria passing down through the holes the said fragments
being from time to time removed by opening the shutter or door at the lower end
of the tube.
By the employment of the apparatus herein before described a uniform. blast and
a steady fire is obtained the latter with economy of fuel and time, derangements
of the hearth are obviated and the metal being worked is heated in a rapid and
uniform manner.

page_text: Improvements in Tuyeres for Forges or Hearths.
I, GEORGE MACAULAY-CRUIKSHANK of 62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention a communication to me from abroad by Adalbert
Roth and Gustav Roth of Aschaffenburg in the Empire of Germany, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The improved 'tuyere constituting this invention consists as seen in perspective
elevation at figure 1 and in vertical section at figure 2 of the drawings of three
parts, first, a plate A, having at or near its centre a group or series of conical or
partly conical holes or passages, second, a frusto conical or cylindrical tubular
part B, having a lateral branch or inlet C, and, third, a door or shutter D, by
which the lower end of the conical or cylindrical part B, is closed.
The part B, may be secured to the plate A, by bolts and nuts as shewn and the
joint between the meeting surfaces of the plate and the tube is rendered air tight
by a copper ring or washer or its equivalent.
The plate A, is preferably about 3 centimetres thick and the conical holes at its
centre are widest at their bases or lower ends, their upper ends to provide for the
gradual wearing of the upper surface of the plate and which might otherwise
unduly enlarge the holes having each a short cylindrical part that is to say a part
of equal diameter throughout extending vertically from the conical part to the
upper surface of the plate.
The conical holes are. preferably each about eight millimetres in diameter at
their lower ends and about four millimetres at their upper ends, that is to say,
at the point where the straight part commences the said straight part being about
half a centimetre in length. The frusto conical tube B, serves the double purpose
of receiving the air blast or current entering. by the branch C, and conducting it
through the conical holes in the plate A, to the hearth, and also of acting as a
receptacle for any small cinders, fragments of metal, scoria, or other refuse which
may fall or pass down through the group of tuyere holes, the said refuse being
from time to time removed from the tube by opening the door or shutter D, which
as shewn on the drawings is arranged to move laterally being centred on the bolt
or stud D¹. To enable this to be done it is necessary the apparatus should be
arranged in such a manner under the hearth as will permit of the door or shutter
being easily reached.
With the apparatus hereinbefore described the air current or blast is by the
conical construction of the tuyere holes rendered uniform and a proper and even
heat is maintained, fuel is economised, derangements. of the hearth are also in great
manner lessened or prevented and the iron or other metal being worked is heated
in a more rapid and uniform way.
The conical holes and the cylinder B, easily accessible through its door or
shutter D), render obstruction impossible and the apparatus is applicable with the
weakest as well as with the strongest blast bellows or other blowing apparatus the
management of which is also thereby rendered extremely easy as on the slightest

page_text: current or blast being made the fire immediately produces effect and when full
blast is applied the heat generated is very great, whilst the cylinder B, is at all
times maintained quite cool.
The apparatus is equally applicable to blacksmiths and all other kinds of forges
or hearths.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me, I declare that what I claim is :--
In a tuyere for forges or hearths the combination of the plate A, having a group
of conical holes at or near its centre with the conical or other tube or cylinder B,
having a lateral branch or opening for admission of the blast and a door or shutter
to afford access to the interior of the tube, substantially as described with reference
to the drawings annexed.