IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SILOS PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Lindsay, of Leadenhall Street, in the City of
London, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF SILOS PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Lindsay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1883.
FREDERICK LINDSAY, of Leadenhall Street; in the City of London, Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SILOS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES
"
My invention relates to the construction of a doubled walled iron building
particularly applicable to the purposes of ensilage as a silo, but parts of which may
be applicable to other purposes, where the retaining walls of the chambers require
to be kept constantly cool.
I construct my improved silos with double walls upon a frame of wood or anglo
iron, covered in by a roof of any character of span, or made to slide on runners.
I make the walls of sheet iron, plain or corrugated, applied inside and outside
the framing, both conveniently attached to the frames by the same set of bolts
where iron frames are used, or by wood screws where timber is used.
The inner wall is made air tight, the sheets being conveniently double rivetted
together at the joints on two corrugations, with the joint made on red lead or lead
and yarn between them.
The outer sheets are rivetted up or bolted together in the usual way, and are
left open at the top and bottom. These openings may be effected by stopping the
sheets short from touching the ground and the eaves of the roof, or the sheets may
be pierced with suitable holes at their upper and lower edges.
To ensure the inner wall being thoroughly air tight at the ground, I bed the
lower ends of the frame and the lower edge of the inner sheets in a concrete
trough, preferably forming part of a complete concrete floor, and I hermetically close
the bottom joint, by filling up the trough with liquid cement or carefully ramming
it with clay.

page_text: By my method of construction the inner walls are rendered perfectly air-tight,
and a space for the circulation of air is left between the two walls, with ingress
and egress apertures below and above, to promote circulation. An effective cooling
circulation of air between the two walls would be set up by any internal or
external heating, causing expansion of the air-jacket, or differential temperatures
in different parts.
The roof may be constructed also of a double shell, so as to maintain a circulating
air jacket.
Felt sheathing, over either or both the metal sheets, may be added, where great
resistance to the passage of heat through the walls is desired.
Besides the especial value of this method of construction for over ground silos,
it is evident that it would be equally beneficial for keeping cool the interior of
iron buildings in hot climates, in which case a suitable interior lining of wood may
be added.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Lindsay in the Patent Office on the 23rd April 1884.
FREDERICK LINDSAY, of Leadenhall St, in the City of London, Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SILOS, PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES
"
My invention relates to the construction of a double walled iron building
particularly applicable to the purpose of ensilage, as a silo, but parts of which
may be applicable to other purposes, where the retaining walls of the Chambers
require to be kept constantly cool.
I construct my improved silos with double walls upon a frame of wood or angle
iron covered, in by a roof of any character of span, or made to slide on runners,
I make the walls of sheet iron, plain or corrugated, applied inside and outside
the framing, both conveniently attached to the frames by the same set of bolts
where iron frames are used, or by wood screws where Timber is used.
The inner wall is made air tight, the sheets being conveniently double rivetted
together at the joints on two corrugations, with the joint made on red lead or lead
and yarn between them.
The outer sheets are rivetted up or bolted together in the usual way, and are
left open at the top and bottom-These openings may be effected by stopping the
sheets short from touching the ground and the eaves of the roof, or the sheets may
be pierced with suitable holes at their upper and lower edges.
To ensure the inner wall being thoroughly airtight at the ground, I bed the
lower end of the frame and the lower edge of the inner sheets in a concrete
trough, preferably forming part of a complete concrete floor, and I hermetically
close the bottom joint, by filling up the trough with liquid cement or carefully
ramming it with Clay.
By my method of construction the inner walls are rendered perfectly airtight,
and a space for the circulation of air is left between the two walls, with ingress
and egress apertures below and above, to promote circulation. An effective
cooling circulation of air between the two walls would be set up by any internal
or external heating, causing expansion of the air jacket, or differential temperatures
in different parts.
The roof may be constructed also of a double shell, so as to maintain a circulating
air jacket.
Felt sheathing, over either or both the metal Sheets, may be added, where great
resistance to the passage of heat through the walls is desired.
Besides the especial value of this method of construction for over ground silos,
it is evident that it would be equally beneficial for keeping cool the interior of
iron buildings in hot climates, in which case a suitable interior lining of wood
may be added,
The inside of the Structure may be subdivided by partitions constructed
similarly to the walls aforesaid.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I append an
illustration of a silo constructed according to my invention, with the walls and
roof partially broken.
A and B are the outer and inner walls mounted upon framing C and secured
thereto by bolts D passing through both walls and the framing, The opening
between the walls may be seen where the roof is broken away. E is a concrete
trough in which the inner wall and the frame is bedded. F F are filling batches.

page_text: Having now described and ascertained the nature and objects of my invention
and the manner of its performance, be it known that what I consider novel and
claim is:-
The combination in a structure for ensilage or other purposes of an hermetical
inner shell with an open outer shell suitably jointed and mounted to allow of the-
free circulation of air between them, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof I, the said Frederick Lindsay, have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty-second day of April in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-four.