Improvements in Apparatus for and Connected with Delivering or 'Letting off" the Warp from the Warp-beams of Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1886

page_text: 1886.
Date of Application, 14th Oct.,
Complete Left, 14th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 16th Aug., 1887.
"
Improvements in Apparatus for and Connected with Delivering or
'Letting off" the Warp from the Warp-beams of Looms for
Weaving.
We JAMES COWBURN of Albert Mill, Silk Street, Eccles in the County of Lancaster
Manager and CHRISTOPHER PECK of the same place Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
"
Our invention relates to looms for weaving and consists firstly in arrangements of
apparatus for delivering or letting off" the warp from the warp-beam upon which it
has been wound.
In carrying our invention into effect we place near to and parallel with the warp-
beam of the loom a shaft which is capable of being revolved in bearings secured to the
framework of the loom.
Upon the shaft above-mentioned we mount arms capable of being oscillated upon the
said shaft. The arms above-mentioned carry the axle of a delivering or "letting off"
roller upon one or both of the ends of which is or are mounted a wheel or wheels
which by means of a carrier-wheel or carrier-wheels is or are connected to a wheel or
wheels mounted fast upon the shaft above referred to. One or both of the arms
above-mentioned is or are provided with a stud or studs or a pin or pins upon which
stud or studs or pin or pins the carrier-wheel or carrier-wheels above-mentioned is
or are mounted. The shaft above-mentioned is rotated in any convenient manner by
means of any rotating or oscillating part of the loom or by means of gearing actuated
by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl or click or in any other suitable manner.
The delivering or "letting off" roller above-mentioned and the arms which support
it are so arranged as to be capable of passing between the flanges of the warp-beam
upon which the warp has been wound. The warp from the warp-beam is passed
partially around the delivering or "letting off" roller above-mentioned and thence
over the "back roller" or "back beam" of the loom, whence the warp threads pass
through the healds and reed to the "cloth-roller." The rotation of the above-men-
tioned delivering or "letting off" roller caused by means of the shaft and wheels
above-mentioned will by means of the tension imparted to the warp, cause the said
delivering or "letting off" roller to be pressed against the circumference of the warp

page_text: wound upon the warp-beam and will prevent the warp from slipping around the
delivering or "letting off" roller the arms above-referred to allowing the delivering or
"letting off" roller to move towards the axis of the warp-beam as the diameter of the
warp wound upon the warp-beam decreases. The warp is thus caused to be delivered
or let off" from the warp-beam at the required rate.
In some cases instead of the wheels above-mentioned we employ a chain or chains
acting in conjunction with suitable toothed wheels.
In some cases instead of employing a chain or chains or a carrier-wheel or carrier-
wheels as above described we cause the wheel or wheels upon the delivering or "letting
off" roller above-mentioned to engage with or gear into a wheel or wheels mounted
upon the shaft above referred to and so dispense with any chain or chains or carrier-
wheel or carrier-wheels.
"
ог
In some cases we pass the warp-threads at the edges of the warp situate beneath the
arms above-mentioned and the wheels carried by such arms over a rod or pins or pro-
jecting parts secured to or formed upon the said arins or we cause such warp-threads
to pass directly from the "yarn beam" to the "back roller "back beam" of the
loon. The surface of the delivering or letting off roller may be either plain or
covered with flannel or other suitable material or provided with projections or teeth
and the arms above-referred to may be connected if desired by means of a tube sur-
rounding the shaft above-mentioned and attached at each of its ends to one of the said
arms or in any other suitable manner.
We have hitherto described this part of our invention as employed in conjunction
with warp-beams provided with flanges between which the warp is wound but we would
have it understood that the above-described part of our invention can be employed
in conjunction with warp-beams which are not provided with flanges.
وو
upon
A further part of our invention consists in connecting the above-described arrange-
ments of apparatus for delivering or "letting off" the warp from the warp-beam upon
which it has been wound, with any suitable arrangements of apparatus for "taking
up or
winding the "cloth" the "cloth roller" as such" cloth" is woven.
In accomplishing the object of this part of our invention we connect the shaft
above-mentioned which carries the arms and wheels aforesaid by which the delivering
letting off" roller is rotated, with the "taking up "apparatus by means of any
suitable gearing and we so arrange the said gearing that some of the wheels thereof
may serve as "change wheels" by means of which the delivery or "letting off" of the
warp and the "taking up" of the "cloth" may be caused to bear any desired relation
to each other.
or
Instead of connecting the shaft above-mentioned which carries the arms and wheels
aforesaid by which the delivering or "letting off" roller is rotated with the "taking up"
apparatus by means of gearing we in some cases connect such shaft with the "taking
up" apparatus by means of a rod or rods and lever or levers acting upon a suitable
ratchet wheel orsuitable ratchet wheels and provide such lever or levers and rod or rods
with means by which the delivery or "letting off" of the warp and the "taking up
of the "cloth" may be caused to bear any suitable relation to each other.
"
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Carlton Chambers,
18, St. Ann's Street, Manchester,
Agent to the Applicants.

page_text: 66
Improvements in Apparatus for and Connected with Delivering or
'Letting off" the Warp from the Warp-beams of Looms for
Weaving.
We JAMES COWBURN of Albert Mill Silk Street Eccles in the County of Lancaster
and CHRISTOPHER PECK of the same place Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
Our invention relates to looms for weaving and consists firstly in arrangements of
apparatus for delivering or "letting off" the warp from the "warp-beam
it has been wound.
upon which
In carrying our invention into effect we place near to and parallel with the warp
beam of the loom a shaft which is capable of being revolved in bearings secured to
the framework of the loom. Upon the shaft above mentioned we mount arms capable
of being oscillated upon the said shaft. The arms above mentioned carry the axle of
a delivering or "letting off" roller upon one or both of the ends of which is or are
mounted a wheel or wheels which by means of a carrier-wheel or carrier-wheels is or
are connected to a wheel or wheels mounted fast upon the shaft above referred to.
One or both of the arms above mentioned is or are provided with a stud or studs or
a pin or pins upon which stud or studs or pin or pins the carrier-wheel or carrier-
wheels above mentioned is or are mounted. The shaft above mentioned is rotated in
any convenient manner by means of any rotating or oscillating part of the loom or by
means of gearing actuated by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl or click or in any
other suitable manner.
The delivering or "letting off" roller above mentioned and the arms which support
it are so arranged as to be capable of passing between the flanges of the warp-beam
upon which the warp has been wound.
"
The warp from the warp-beam is passed partially around the delivering or "letting
off" roller above mentioned and thence over the back roller" of the loom whence
the warp threads pass through the healds and reed to the "cloth roller." The rotation
of the above mentioned delivering or "letting off" roller caused by means of the
shaft and wheels above mentioned will by means of the tension imparted to the warp
cause the said delivering or "letting off roller to be pressed against the circumference
of the warp wound upon the "warp-beam" and will prevent the warp from slipping
around the delivering or "letting off" roller the arms above referred to allowing the
delivering or "letting off" roller to move towards the axis of "the warp-beam as
the diameter of the warp wound upon the "warp-beam" decreases. The warp is thus
caused to be delivered or let off from the warp beam" at the required rate.
In some cases instead of the wheels above mentioned we employ a chain or chains
acting in conjunction with suitable toothed wheels.
*
23
In some cases instead of employing a chain or chains or a carrier-wheel or carrier-
wheels as above described we cause the wheel or wheels upon the delivering or

page_text: "
"letting off" roller above mentioned to engage with or gear into a wheel or wheels
mounted upon the shaft above referred to and so dispense with any chain or chains or
carrier-wheel or carrier-wheels.
In some cases we pass the warp threads at the edges of the warp situate beneath
the arms above mentioned and the wheels carried by such arms over a rod or pins or
projecting parts secured to or formed upon the said arms or we cause such warp
threads to pass directly from the " yarn beam" to the "back roller" of the loom.
The surface of the delivering or "letting off" roller may be either plain or covered
with flannel or other suitable material or provided with projections or teeth and the
arms above referred to may be connected if desired by means of a tube surrounding
the shaft above mentioned and attached at each of its ends to one of the said arms or
in any other suitable manner. We have hitherto described this part of our invention
as employed in conjunction with warp-beams provided with flanges between which the
warp is wound but we would have it understood that the above described part of our
invention can be employed in conjunction with warp beams which are not provided
with flanges.
A further part of our invention consists in connecting the above described arrange-
ments of apparatus for delivering or "letting off" the warp from the "warp-beam
upon which it has been wound with any suitable arrangement of apparatus for
taking up or winding the "cloth" upon the "cloth roller as such cloth" is
woven.
tr
"
"
In accomplishing the object of this part of our invention we connect the shaft above
mentioned which carries the arms and wheels aforesaid by which the delivering or
letting off" roller is rotated with the "taking up" apparatus by means of any
suitable gearing and we so arrange the said gearing that some of the wheels thereof
change wheels" by means of which the delivery or letting off" of
the warp and the "taking up" of the cloth may be caused to bear any desired relation
to each other.
may serve as
"
In order that our invention may be thoroughly understood and carried into effect
we will particularly describe the same by reference to the drawings hereunto annexed
in which drawings the same letters of reference are applied to corresponding parts
throughout the whole series of figures. In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a
vertical section and Fig. 2 a plan of so much of a loom as is requisite to illustrate the
first part of our invention. In Figs. 1 and 2 a. a' are the side frames of the loom to
which side frames a. a¹ are secured brackets b b¹. c is the "warp-beam" or yarn-
beam"
provided with journals resting in and capable of being rotated in the
brackets b, . Parallel with the "warp-beam" or "yarn-beam" c we place a shaft d,
carried in bearings e, e¹ secured to the side-frames a, a' rospectively. Upon the
shaft d we mount arms capable of being oscillated thereon. The arms ff are
provided with bearings ff³ respectively which carry the axle g¹ of the delivering or
"letting off" roller g. Mounted fast upon the axle g' are wheels h¹ and mounted
fast upon the shaft dare wheels jj¹. The bosses of the wheels j. and the collars d', d²,
prevent the arms ff from being moved longitudinally upon the shaft d. Secured to
the arm are studs k,l mounted upon which and free to be rotated thereon are
carrier-wheels m, n, such carrier wheels m, n serving to connect the wheel with the
wheel h. Secured upon the arm f¹ are studs k, l, mounted upon which and free to
be rotated thereon are carrier-wheels m' n', such carrier wheels m¹ n¹ serving to
connect the wheel with the wheel ¹. To the side frames a, a¹ of the loom are
secured brackets 0, o which support the axle p' of a roller p. Carried by the axle pl
are arms y g which arms q, q' support the opposite ends of a roller or bar which
rests against the circumference of the warp A upon the "warp beam c. Extending
between the arms q, q' and secured thereto by its extremities is a bar s.
The warp
from the warp beam c is passed partially around the delivering or "letting off"
roller y above mentioned and thence partially around the bar s. The warp thence
passes over the "back roller "p of the loom from which it passes through the healds
and reed to the "cloth roller." The said "cloth roller" is rotated in any convenient
and suitable manner so as to tend to "take-up" the cloth as it is woven. The shaft d
*
"
2

page_text: above mentioned is rotated in any convenient manner by means of any rotating or
oscillating part of the loom so that the delivering or "letting off" roller g shall be
rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow B to deliver or let off" the required
quantity of warp from the "warp. beam or "yarn beam C.
"
33
The delivering or "letting off" roller g arms ffl and wheels h, h², m₂
so arranged as to be capable of passing between the flanges c¹ c² of the
or "yarn beam" c upon which the warp has been wound.
m', n, n', are
warp beam"
C
The rotation of the delivering or "letting off" roller g will by means of the tension
imparted to the warp-threads cause the delivering or "letting off" roller g to be
pressed against the circumference of the warp A wound upon the "warp-beam
and will prevent the warp from slipping around the delivering or "letting-off"
rolier g the arms ff allowing the delivering or "letting off" roller g to move towards
the axis of the "warp-beam c as the diameter of the warp A wound upon the "warp
beam c decreases.
وو
The wheels h, h must be equal to each other in diameter and be each provided with
the same number of teeth and the wheels ; j' must be equal to each other in diameter
and be each provided with the same number of teeth. The wheels j j¹¹ and the
carrier wheels m, n, m¹ n¹ keep the axis of the delivering or "letting off" roller y
parallel with the axis of the "warp beam" or "yarn beam" c as the diameter of the
warp wound upon the "warp beam" or "yarn beam" c decreases.
C
In some cases to ensure that the delivering or "letting off" roller g shall be pressed
against the circumference of the warp wound
the "warp beam”
upon
or "yarn beam"
we retard the rotation of the "
warp beam'
c in the ordinary
"yarn beam
or
manner by means of a brake acting upon the collars c³ c¹ of the "
yarn beam" C.
"
22
beam
warp
or
c to and over
In some cases we pass the warp threads at the edge of the warp situate beneath the
arms and wheels h. h¹ m. m n, n' partially around the bars as indicated by the
dotted line C or we in some cases conduct the warp threads situate beneath the
"
beam
warp
arms and wheels h. ' m. m' n n' directly from the "
the "back roller "as indicated by the dotted lines D. In some cases instead of
the wheels h. h¹ m. m² n. n¹ j. j¹ above mentioned we employ the arrangement shown
in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 3 is a side elevation partly in section and Fig. 4 a plan of so
much of a loom as is requisite to show this portion of our invention. Fast upon the
shaft d we mount toothed wheels j, j. Fast upon opposite ends of the delivering or
"letting off" roller g. we mount toothed wheels h. h. Around the wheels j and h we
pass an endless chain t and around the wheels j' and we pass an endless chain t¹.
The teeth of the wheels and take into or engage with the links of the endless
chain and the teeth of the wheels and take into or engage with the links of the
endless chain t¹. The chains tt¹ transmit rotary motion from the shaft d to the
delivering or "letting off" roller g.
In some cases instead of employing a chain or chains tt or carrier-wheel or
carrier-wheels m. m'n n' as above described we employ the arrangement shown in
Figs. 5 and 6. Fig. 5 is an elevation partly in section and Fig. 6 a plan of so much
of a loom as is requisite to illustrate this portion of our invention. Fast upon the
shaft d we mount toothed wheels j. which toothed wheels jj are made of such
diameter that they are capable of engaging with or taking into the wheels h h
respectively which wheels are mounted upon opposite ends of the delivering or
letting off" roller g and so dispense with any chain or chains or carrier-wheel or
carrier-wheels.
«
The surface of the delivering or letting-off" roller g may be either plain or
covered with flannel or other suitable material or provided with projections or teeth.
The arms ff above referred to may be connected if desired by means of a tube.
This arrangement is shewn in Figs. 7 and 8. Fig. 7 being a side elevation partly in
section and Fig. 8 a plan of so much of a ioom as is requisite to shew this part of
our invention. The tube u surrounds the shaft d and is formed with or attached at
each of its ends to one of the arms ff¹. When this arrangement is employed one
set of wheels j m, n, h, or j¹ m² n³ ³ may if desired be dispensed with, the arms fil
1

page_text: "
and tube u serving to maintain the axis of the delivering or "letting off" roller g
parallel with the axis of the "
warp beam or "yarn-beam c.
<C
22
"
23
"
"
A further part of our invention consists in connecting the above described arrange-
ments of apparatus for delivering or "letting off" the warp from the "warp-beam
upon which it has been wound with any suitable arrangement of apparatus for
taking up or winding the "cloth" upon the "cloth roller as such cloth " is
woven. This part of our invention is shewn by Figs. 9, 10 and 11. Fig. 9 is a
vertical section and Fig. 10 a plan of so much of a loom as is requisite to illustrate
this part of our invention. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of certain portions of that
shown in Figs. 9 and 10 along with certain parts not shown in Figs. 9 and 10. In
accomplishing the object of this part of our invention we connect the shaft d above
mentioned by which the delivering or "letting off" roller g is rotated with the
"taking up" apparatus by means of suitable gearing. is the cloth roller upon
which the "cloth" is wound after being woven, by means of the "taking up
"roller w
which is rotated by means of the shaft and wheels y, y, z, z. Fast upon the
shaft dis a boss d³ upon which are formed teeth d. Loose upon the shaft d is mounted
a boss provided with teeth which teeth d are forced against the teeth dª by
means of a coiled spring 1 one end of which spring 1 abuts against the boss do while the
remaining end of such spring 1 abuts against the boss of a hand-wheel 2 mounted fast
upon the shaft d. The boss d³ with the teeth d and the boss with the teeth d
together constitute a clutch-box which we shall hereinafter call the clutch-box E.
Fast with the boss d³ is a wheel 3 which gears into or engages with a wheel 4 capable
of being rotated upon a stud 5 secured to one of the side-frames a, a', of the foom.
The wheel 4 gears into a wheel 6 fast upon the shaft .. Secured to one of the side
frames a, a of the loom is a bracket 7 to which is secured a stud 8 upon which stud 8
and capable of being rotated thereon is a pinion 9 which gears into or engages with
the wheel 6. Fast with the pinion 9 is a wheel 10 which gears into a wheel 11
fast upon a spindle 12 capable of being rotated in a socket 13 formed upon the
bracket 7. Fast upon the spindle 12 is a ratchet-wheel 14. 15 is a lever capable of
being oscillated upon a stud 16 secured to the bracket 7. To the lever 15 is jointed
one end of a pawl or click 17 which pawl or click 17 takes into or engages with the
teeth of the ratchet wheel 14. The lever 15 is vibrated by being connected in any
suitable manner to any convenient and suitable part of the loom. The vibration of
the lever 15 will by means of the pawl or click 17 rotate the ratchet wheel 14 in
the direction indicated by the arrow F and by means of the wheel 11, wheel 10,
pinion 9, wheel 6 shaft and wheels y y¹ z z¹ cause the "taking up" roller w to
" take up "the "cloth" and wind it upon the "cloth roller v. The rotation of the
shaft will by means of the wheels 6, 4, 3 boss d³ teeth de, d boss d³ shaft d and
wheels jj¹ m. m¹ n, n' and h. ' impart rotary motion to the delivering or "letting off"
roller g by which the warp is delivered or "let off" from the warp-beam
yarn-beam C. Whenever it may be desired to adjust the tension of the warp
between the delivering or "letting off" roller g and the "taking up roller w the
boss with the wheel 3 may be moved longitudinally upon the shaft d against the
force of the spring 1 so as to separate the two portions of the clutch box E. When
the portions of the clutch box E are separated the shaft D may be rotated in the
required direction by means of the hand-wheel 2. Either or both of the wheels 3
and 6 constitutes or constitute a change wheel or change-wheels and by substituting
for either or both of the wheels 3 and 6 another wheel or other wheels the delivery
or "letting off" of the warp and the "taking up" of the "cloth
may be caused to
bear any desired relation to each other the wheel 4 being so adjusted in position by
means of the slots 18 and 19 as to gear into or engage with the wheels upon the
shafts d, a.
*
"
"
وو
or
Although we have only shown in the drawings hereunto annexed one arrangement
of apparatus for "taking up" the cloth as woven as used in conjunction with our
improvements for delivering or "letting off" the warp from the " warp-beam or
yarn-beam " we would have it understood that our improvements hereinbefore.
described for delivering or "letting off" the warp from the " warp-beam or "yarn
"

page_text: beam" may be used in conjunction with any suitable arrangement or arrangements
for "taking up" the "cloth" as it is woven.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is―
1. In a loom for weaving, a delivering or "letting off" roller such as g supported
by arms such as ff' and receiving rotary motion from a shaft such as d in any of the
modes hereinbefore described and arranged employed and operating for the purposes
and substantially in the manner hereinbefore described in reference to and indicated
in and by the drawings hereunto annexed.
"
2. In a loom for weaving, arms such as ff' employed arranged and operating
substantially as hereinbefore described and mounted upon a shaft such as d and
supporting a delivering or letting off" roller such as g and by means of studs
secured to such arms ff supporting toothed wheels by means of which rotary motion
is transmitted from the shaft d to the delivering or "letting off" roller g.
3. In a loom for weaving, a delivering or letting off" roller such as g supported
by arms such as f. f' and receiving rotary motion from a shaft such as d in any of the
modes hereinbefore described and arranged employed and operating substantially in
the manner hereinbefore described in reference to Figs. 9, 10 and 11 of the drawings
hereunto annexed, in conjunction with any suitable arrangement of apparatus for
taking up" or winding the "cloth" upon the cloth-roller
*
woven.
"
"
"
as such cloth is
4. In a loom for weaving, toothed wheels such as 3 and 6 employed and operating
and serving for change-wheels for the purposes and substantially in the manner
hereinbefore described in reference to Figs. 9. 10 and 11 of the drawings hereunto
annexed.