Improvements in 'Refrigerating and Freezing Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec.; 1891
Complete Specification.Left, 30th July, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept.. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in 'Refrigerating and Freezing Apparatus.
.I, SAMUEL PUPLETT of 47 Victoria Street in the City of Westminster Engineer
do hereby declare. the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention. relates to those parts of the apparatus called the refrigerator. in
machines where cooling or freezing is effected by the vaporization of a liquefied
gas and the object of my invention is to minimise the danger of freezing up the
brine, or other liquid to be cooled, in the tubes of the refrigerator when the
circulation is stopped from any cause and also to make the refrigerator readily
accessible for cleaning.
My apparatus consists of a refrigerator and one or more pumps with the necessary
connecting pipes or ducts, and a.regulating device.
One method of constructing the refrigerators of freezing machines has been to
use two cylinders containing pipes or two or more sections each having two
cylinders and interposing these cylinders in the series of congealing tanks.as
described in my.Patents 12541 and 12542 this method in common with similar
arrangements is. however liable to be frozen up if the circulation of the liquid to be
cooled fails from.any. cause.
My invention may be adapted to, any form of refrigerator but I prefer to employ
a cylindrical vessel or two or more sections each comprising one cylindrical vessel
containing a series of U bent tubes both ends of which are secured in the same tube
plate and with divisions forming compartments attached thereto and so arranged
that the brine or liquid to be cooled is caused to pass several times through the
length of the refrigerator. The refrigerator may if preferred be enclosed in
a tank.
Instead of interposing the refrigerator in the series of congealing tanks and on
the same level, (as described in the Patent before mentioned) in my improvement
I fix the refrigerator at any suitable height above the working level of the liquid
in the congealing tanks or chambers and in connection therewith I fix a suitable
pump so arranged that it will withdraw the brine or other liquid from the lower
level of the congealing tanks or chambers and lift or force the liquid to a suitable
height to enable it to flow through the refrigerator, and I arrange the connecting
pipes in such a manner that in the event of a failure of the pump the brine or other
liquid will be drained away from the refrigerator by gravity and the tubes being
thus emptied the danger of freezing up is avoided and the refrigerator is left clear
for examination or by a selfacting device the liquid in the tank may be maintained
at any desired level.
Desemba 1st 1.001
SAMUEL PUPLETT.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Refrigerating and Freezing Apparatus.
SAMUEL PUPLETT 47 Victoria Street Westminster Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to those parts of the apparatus called the refrigerator in
machines where cooling or freezing is effected by the vaporization of a liquefied

page_text: gas, and the object of my invention is to minimize the danger of freezing up, the
brine or other liquid to be cooled, in the tubes of the refrigerator when the
circulation is stopped from any cause and also to make the refrigerator readily
accessible for cleaning.
My apparatus consists of a refrigerator and one or more pumps with the necessary
connecting pipes or ducts and a regulating device.
One method of constructing the refrigerators of freezing machines has been to
use two cylinders containing pipes or two or more sections each having two cylinders
containing pipes and interposing these cylinders in the series of congealing tanks as
described in my Patents 12541 and 125424 but this method in common with similar
arrangements is liable to be frozen up if the circulation of the liquid to be cooled
fails from any cause.
My invention may be adapted to any form of refrigerator but I prefer to employ
a cylindrical vessel or two or more sections each comprising one cylindrical vessel
containing a series of U bent tubes both ends of which are secured in the same tube
plate and with divisions forming compartments attached thereto and so arranged
that the brine or liquid to be cooled is caused to pass several times through the
length of the refrigerator. The refrigerator may if preferred be enclosed in a
tank. Instead of interposing the refrigerator in the series of congealing tanks and
on the same level (as described in the Patents before mentioned) in my improved
arrangement I fix the refrigerator at any suitable height above the working level
of the liquid in the congealing tanks or chambers and in connection therewith
I also fix a suitable pump so arranged that it will withdraw the warm brine or
other liquid from the lower level of the congealing tanks or chambers and lift or
force the liquid to a suitable height to enable it to flow by gravity through
the U bent tubes of the refrigerator and I arrange the connecting pipes in such a
manner that in the event of a failure of the pump the brine or other liquid will be
drained away from the refrigerator tubes by gravity and the tubes being thus
emptied the danger of freezing up is avoided and the refrigerator is left clear for
examination. By a self-acting device the liquid in the tank around the refrigerator
may be maintained at any desired level.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1. Sheet 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the apparatus.
Fig. 2. a plan of the same.
Fig. 3. a cross section of the refrigerator tank showing the refrigerator with end
cover removed.
In these drawings I have shewn the apparatus as being used for cooling brine or
other liquid not readily congealable contained in a tank within which vessels
containing substances to be cooled or frozen may be placed but any invention is
equally applicable to those cases where brine is circulated through pipes in vessels
or chambers.
A is the refrigerator.
B is a tank enclosing the same which is placed at any suitable height above the
working level of the brine in the congealing tanks or circulating pipes.
C is the brine circulating pump of any suitable design.
D is the suction pipe of the pump C.
EE are the congealing tanks or reservoirs for the brine.
F is the discharge pipe from the pump C to the refrigerator tank B.
G is a syphon pipe leading from near the bottom of the tank B to the
compartment S of the refrigerator containing one end of the U bent tubes T. T.
His the return pipe from the refrigerator through which the cooled brine passes
to the congealing tanks or reservoirs E.
J. J are weirs in the congealing tanks over which the brine is caused to flow. :
Kis the gas condenser which may be of any suitable type.
Lis the vapor pipe from the refrigerator to the compressor. The compressor

page_text: describe.
M is the delivery pipe from the compressor to the condenser K.
N is the pipe conveying the liquefied gas from the condenser K to the
refrigerator A.
O is the regulating valve on the pipe N.
P is an air opening on the syphon or stand pipe G.
R is a regulating cock on the pipe H.
S is the inlet compartment of the refrigerator A.
TT are U bent tubes.
The pump C raises the brine or liquid to be cooled from the congealing
tanks E. E or from the cooling pipes as the case may be through the pipe D
and delivers the same through the pipe F into the refrigerator tank B and so
soon as this is filled above the level of the syphon pipe & the brine rises in that
pipe and flows into the inlet chamber S of the refrigerator A and through the
U bent tubes T. T. where it becomes cooled and returns by way of the pipe H
into the opposite end of the congealing tanks E. E or into a reservoir above the
cooling pipes; should the brine pump fail to act the brine will continue to flow
through the pipe H until the refrigerator tank B is emptied. Under ordinary
circumstances prefer to empty the tubes of the refrigerator only and not to
completely empty the tank B for this purpose I make an opening P. in the syphon
pipe G at the lowest desired level of the brine. It will be obvious that as soon as
the brine level is lowered sufficiently to uncover the opening P air will be admitted
and the syphon G will cease to work and the brine contained in the tubes of the
refrigerator will flow away through the pipe H until the said tubes are emptied
thus preventing the possibility of their freezing up. The pipe G may if preferred
be made in the form of an ordinary stand pipe with an open end above the brine
level to take the place of the hole P.
The rate at which the brine is allowed to flow through the tubes of the
refrigerator may be regulated by means of a cock or valve R which may if
preferred be operated automatically by a float in the tank B or by any other
convenient arrangement, the cock or valve R being so designed that it never
entirely closes the passage.
The refrigerator may if preferred be arranged without the enclosing tank B and
syphon pipe G, in this case the pump C delivers through the pipe F direct into
the chamber S of the refrigerator.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In refrigerating and freezing apparatus where cooling or freezing is effected
by the vaporization of a liquefied gas placing the refrigerator, either enclosed in a
tank or without a tank above the working level of the brine or liquid to be cooled
in the congealing tanks or cooling pipes in such a manner that the tubes of the
refrigerator will be automatically emptied by gravity whenever the circulating
pump fails to act.
2. In refrigerating and freezing apparatus where cooling or freezing is effected
by the vaporization of a liquefied gas an automatic arrangement to prevent the
complete emptying of the refrigerator tank without preventing the emptying of the
internal tubes of the refrigerator substantially as described and shewn.
3. In refrigerating and freezing apparatus where cooling or freezing is effected
by the vaporization of a liquefied gas the combination of a refrigerator placed at
any suitable height above the working level of the brine or liquid to be cooled in
the congealing tanks or cooling pipes and a circulating pump and a syphon or
stand pipe and a suction and return pipe so arranged that the circulating pump
withdraws the warm brine or liquid to be cooled from the congealing tanks or

page_text: cooling pipes and the cold brine or liquid is returned from the refrigerator "by
gravity to the tanks or cooling pipes substantially as described and shewn and 'for
the purposes set forth.
1
L.L 1000
SAMUEL PURLETT.