Improvements in Preparing Printing Colours and Solutions of Colouring Matters suitable for Printing and Fixing Aniline Colours upon Cotton or similar Vegetable Fibre.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 17th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Mar., 1887
DADISCH
MAILIN AND DUDA FABRIK, OI
Mannheim, in the Empire of Germany.]
Improvements in Preparing Printing Colours and Solutions of
Colouring Matters suitable for Printing and Fixing Aniline
Colours upon Cotton or similar Vegetable Fibre.
I JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention relates to the employment of the acetic Ethers of glycerine as
substitutes for the solvents hitherto used in preparing printing colours and solutions
of colouring matters suitable for printing and fixing aniline dyes upon cotion or
similar vegetable fibre. The said solvents (alcohol wood spirit methylated spirit,
acetic-oxalic, tartaric acids, ethyltartaric acid and others) are chiefly employed for the
pupose of keeping the colouring matters and their fixing agents generally tannin, in
a sufficient state of solution during the operations of printing and steaming so as to
allow them to penetrate into the fibre and to be deposited therein in an insoluble con-
dition. The said purpose however is but imperfectly achieved by the above named
solvents hitherto in use, partly on account of their volatility, partly on account of
their corrosive action upon the vegetable fibre and partly because their solvent power
is too feeble in the event of difficulty soluble colouring matters (such as for instance
the colouring matters of the Induline class) requiring to be printed.
Now by the employment of the acetic ethers of glycerine in lieu of the known
solvents the before mentioned imperfections and difficulties in the printing and fixing
of a great number of aniline dyes (and especially of the Indulines) upon vegetable
fibre will be greatly if not completely obviated.
In practice the acetic ethers of glycerine resulting from the etherification of one or
two hydroxyle groups of glycerine the so called monacetine and diacetine have
hitherto produced the best results. They are sufficiently soluble in water to mix well
with the aqueous portion of the printing colour, whilst the so-called triacetine requires

page_text: to be used in combination with acetic acid or with the before named lower acetines in
order to enter into solution. It is neither necessary nor even advisable from the point
of economy to employ the said acetines in a state of purity or separated from one
another by fractional distillation or otherwise. A satisfactory result in regard to the
efficacy and cheapness of the solvent will be obtained with mixture of about equal
parts of mono and diacetine with a small quantity of triacetine such as may be
prepared by a reflux distillation of one part by weight of glycerine with about two
parts by weight of glacial acetic acid during the space of about forty eight hours.
After distilling off the excess of uncombined acetic acid the residual mixture of the
three acetines which hereafter shall be shortly termed acetine may be employed either
for the preparation of concentrated solutions of the respective aniline dyes, or it may
be added to the printing colour in the course of its preparation. The following
examples will serve to illustrate the before named applications of acetine-
SECOND EXAMPLE.
Printing Colour.
10 parts by weight of Induline paste containing 25 per cent. of dry Induline.
77 parts by weight of starch thickening.
3
"
>>
22
Tannin are mixed and then
10 parts by weight of acetine are added.

page_text: Improvements in Preparing Printing Colours and Solutions of
Colouring Matters suitable for Printing and Fixing Aniline-
colours upon Cotton or similar Vegetable Fibre.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by the Badische-Aniline and Soda-Fabrik, Mannheim
Empire of Germany and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the employment of the acetic ethers of Glycerine as
substitutes for the solvents hitherto used in preparing, printing colours and solutions
of colouring matters suitable for printing and fixing Aniline-dyes upon Cotton or
similar Vegetable fibre.
The said solvents (alcohol, wood-spirit, methylated spirits, acetic-oxalic and tartaric
acids, ethyl-tartaric acid and others) are chiefly employed for the purpose of keeping
the colouring matters and their fixing agents generally tannin in a sufficient state of
solution during the operations of printing and steaming so as to allow them to penetrate
into the fibre and to become deposited therein in an insoluble condition. The said
purpose is however but imperfectly achieved by the solvents hitherto in use, parily
on account of their volatility, partly on account of their corrosive action upon the
vegetable fibre and partly because their solvent-power is too fecble in the event of
difficulty soluble colouring matters, (such for instance as the colouring matters of the
Induline class) requiring to be printed.
Now, by the employment of the acetic ethers of Glycerine in lieu of the hitherto
known and used solvents, the before mentioned imperfections and difficulties in the
printing and fixing of a great number of aniline-dyes (and especially of the Indulines)
upon vegetable fibre will be greatly, if not completely, obviated.
In practice, the acetic ethers of glycerine, resulting from the etherification of one or
two hydroxyle groups of glycerine, (the so-called monacetine and diacetine) have by
the Inventor been found to produce the best results. They are sufficiently soluble in
water, to mix well with the aqueous portion of the printing colour, whilst the so-called
triacetine requires to be used in admixture with acetic acid or with the before named
lower acetines, in order to enter into solution.
It is neither necessary, nor even advisable, on the ground of economy, to employ
the said acetines in a state of purity or separated from one another by fractional
distillation or otherwise.
A satisfactory result, in regard to the efficacy and cheapness of the solvent will be
obtained with a mixture of about equal parts of monacetine and diacetine, with a
small quantity of triacetine, such as may be prepared by a reflux-distillation of one
part, by weight, of Glycerine, with about from one and a half to two parts, by weight,
of glacial acetic acid, during the space of about forty eight hours. After distilling off

page_text: e excess of uncombined acetic acid, the residual mixture of the three acetines, which
ereafter, I will for brevity term "acetine," may be employed, either for the preparation
concentrated solutions of the respective aniline-dyes, or it may be added to the
inting colour in the course of its preparation, the relative proportions of "acetine "
rying in each particular case according to the solubility of the colouring matter
mployed and to the depth of shade required, as will be readily understood by Calico-
inters.
The following examples will sufficiently illustrate the before-named applications of
cetine."
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent.