Year: 1899

page_text: I, JAMES WRIGHT, Gas Engineer, of Bridge House, Blackfriars Bridge, London,
E.C., do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of surface heaters or con-
densers in which the heating or condensing fluid passes through other chambers
placed alternately above or below those containing the fluid to be heated or.
cooled.
In the Specification of my former Patent No. 1991 dated February 2nd 1892,
the construction of surface Huid heaters was described, as consisting of chambers
of any shape placed alternately above or below each other in pairs, one of each
pair containing the fluid to be acted upon, and the other the heating or cooling
agent. The latter was made to circulate in the interior by means of properly
arranged divisions and bent pipes of special form, whilst both classes of vessels
were connected on the exterior by other bent pipes made long enough to pass
over the intervening chamber, thereby connecting the chambers in proper alter-
native sequence, and conveying the fluids from one to the other through any
numbers of pairs of chambers until the object aimed at was achieved. The exterior
bent connecting pipes last mentioned have been found to be subject to loss of
heat from atmospheric radiation which it is the object of this present improve-
ment to diminish.
My present invention, relates to improvements in the construction of like formed
surface heaters or condensers, in which the circulating connecting pipes instead of
being outside, will be carried through the insides of the various tiers of vessels
forming the complete heater or cooler, either by means of ports or passages formed
inside the vessels, or by short pipes bolted or screwed inside them. These connect-
ing pipes being then surrounded by the fluids acted upon, will aid the object
aimed at, without detrimental interference by the outer atmospheric or other
conditions. Thus it will be seen, that the pipe, port, channel, or passage, conveying
the heating or cooling fluid from one vessel to the next alternate one above or
below, will be made to pass through some part of the chamber containing the
fluid to be heated or cooled, and vice versa.
For the purpose herein before described the vessels will be made of any shape
in plan or elevation, and of any known metal alloy or combination of metals in one
or more castings, or in loose plates bolted or rivetted together as may be most
convenient & suitable for the object desired.
Dated this 28th day of November 1800

page_text: I, JAMES WRIGHT, of Bridge House, Blackfriars Bridge, London, E.C., Gas
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of surface heaters or con-
densers in which the heating or condensing fluid passes through other chambers
placed alternatively above or below those containing the fluid or gas to be heated
or cooled.
In the Specification of my former Patent No. 1991 dated February 2nd 1892,
the construction of surface fluid heaters was described as "consisting of two three
or any greater number of pairs of chambers" placed alternately above & below
each other in pairs one of each pair containing the fluid to be acted upon and
the other the heating or cooling agent. The latter was made to circulate in the
interior by means of properly arranged divisions & bent pipes of special form,
whilst both classes of vessels were connected on the exterior by other bent pipes
made long enough to pass over the intervening chamber, thereby connecting the
chambers in proper alternative sequence & conveying the fluid from one to the
other through any numbers of pairs of chambers until the object aimed at was
achieved. The exterior bent connecting pipes last mentioned have been found to
be subject to loss of heat from atmospheric radiation which it is the object of this
present improvement to diminish.
My present invention relates to improvements in the construction of like formed
surface heaters or condensers in which the circulating connecting pipes instead of
being outside will be carried through the insides of the various tiers of vessels
forming the complete heater or cooler, either by means of ports or passages formed
inside the vessels, or by short pipes bolted or screwed inside them. These con-
necting pipes, being then surrounded by the fluids acted acted upon, will aid
the object aimed at, without detrimental interference by the atmospheric or other
outside conditions. Thus it will be seen that the pipe, port, channel, or passage
conveying the heating or cooling fluid from one vessel to the next alternate one
above or below, will be made to pass through some part of the chamber containing
the fluid to be heated or cooled and vice versa.
For the purpose hereinbefore described the vessels will be made of any shape in
plan or elevation, and of any known metal, alloy or combination of metals in one
or more castings, or in loose plates bolted or rivetted together as may be most
convenient and suitable for the object desired.
The above sets forth generally the nature object and purpose of the improve-
ment but in order that the same may be more clearly understood I have hereto
annexed a sheet of drawings illustrative thereof and forming part of this specifi-
cation.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.
Figure A is an elevation half in section of the heater embodying the improve-
ments according to my latest invention. Figure B is a plan of the same with part
of the top outer cylinder removed so as to show the interior ports or passages
more clearly. The marks and numbers on both figures apply to the same parts
throughout this specification and the drawing accompanying it.
The heater or cooler consists of superimposed pairs of cylindrical or other
shaped chambers marked respectively 1 & 2 in the figures, those numbered 1 (for

page_text: the purpose of this description) contain the fluid acted upon, and those numbered 2
contain the steam, gas, air, or other elastic fluid forming the heating agent. The
Ushaped tubes (or any metal) are numbered 3, and the division diaphragms in
ne heating chambers 4, while the interior, ports or passages for Huids are num-
bered 5, and those for the heating or cooling gases b. The liquid inlet is
numbered 7 and its outlet 8 at the top whilst the gas inlet and outlet are
numbered 9 & 10 respectively. I will now describe the action of the superheater
or surface condenser embodying the above mentioned improvements:-
The heating or cooling huid or gases may be admitted into either of the top
chambers 1 or 2, but for the best results when heating ammoniacal liquor in gas
works, preler first to admit the heating fluids or gases to the top chamber
numbered by the branch pipe marked inlet 9 on the drawing, they are then
conveyed by the U shaped tubes 3, over the divisions 4 on both sides to the right
hand and to the left, until they reach the outside of the chambers, when they are
conveyed downwards through the interior of the central liquor chamber 1 by
the ports or passages numbered 6 to the next gas chamber numbered 2 below,
when the gases or heating or cooling agents again traverse through to the other
U shaped pipes 3, past the diaphragms 4 to the centre again, where the remains
atter condensation are collected & pass in one stream down the pipe 6 into the
lowest chamber, after traversing which they finally reach the branch marked
outlet 10 on the drawing & are conveyed away. The arrows on the drawing show
the direction taken by the fluids & gases respectively. The fluid or liquor to be
heated or cooled (for the purposes of this description) is assumed to enter the
chamber 1 near the bottom at the point figured 7, whence it passes diagonally
across to the port or passage numbered 5, which conveys it through the
gas chamber 2 hence to the next one above as shewn by the arrows & so on
until it reaches finally the outlet marked 8 at the top of the heater from whence
it is conveyed to the saturator. Now although the gases are above described as
entering or passing through the chambers numbered 2 & the fluids through those
numbered it will be evident that the action of both gases & fluids could be
reversed without alteration in the main principle of this invention in cases where
it would be better to do so such for instance as in the cooling or heating of gases
or for condensing steam.
Having now described & particularly ascertained the nature of my invention &
the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:-
First. In apparatus for surface heating or condensing of fluids or gases the
combination with horizontal chambers placed over each other of internal passages
or ports for the conveyance in any direction of the gases or fluids acting or being
acted upon.
Second. The use of any or all parts in combination as described for surface
heating or cooling as may be required for any operation to which they are suitable.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1900.
JAMES WRIGHT.