IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING GOLD ORE AND FOR EFFECTING AMALGAMS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Medley Stuart; of No. 11, Queen Victoria Street,
in the City of London, Mining Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING GOLD ORE AND FOR EFFECTING AMALGAMS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Medley Stuart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1881.
JOHN MEDLEY STUART, of No. 11, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Mining Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING GOLD ORE
AND FOR EFFECTING AMALGAMS.”
In carrying out my improvements the apparatus is formed of an outer case,
within which is supported a false bottom formed by preference of chilled steel,
and affixed to a revolving axis supported in suitable bearings. Around this axis is
also applied another, a hollow axis with arms forming axes which are inclined to
receive a series of conical rollers. These conical rollers are in number or size such
that the surface of each is capable of acting with those adjoining, whilst their
surfaces which for the time are the lowest rest on the plate or false bottom.
The axis carrying the false bottom, and that surrounding it and carrying the
conical rollers, have pinions applied to them, the teeth of which are taken into by
the teeth of another wheel, by which, or by other suitable means, the two main
axes are caused to revolve in opposite directions.
The ore to be operated upon as fed into the apparatus falls upon the conical
rollers, and becomes crushed by the action thereon of the surfaces of these rollers,
and thence it is further crushed by the action thereon between the lower surfaces
of these conical rollers and the surface of the revolving plate. The outer ends of
the conical rollers are also formed to operate with the side of the outer case in aid
of the crushing process. Water as usual is supplied with the ore to aid the action
of the surfaces. The water is supplied by a suitable channel or channels through
the bottom of the case to flow out at the upper part thereof. Attached to the
outer shaft are several pieces of steel or other material or rollers, which guide the
ore between the main rollers and help to grind the ore. By the application of small
quantities of mercury at intervals amalgams are formed.
The amalgam may be extracted by a suitable opening in the bottom of the
case.
The crushed ore overflows through suitable grating when the crushing has been.
effected to the extent desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Medley Stuart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th February 1882.
16
JOHN MEDLEY STUART, of No. 11, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Mining Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING GOLD ORE
AND FOR EFFECTING AMALGAMS.”
In carrying out my improvements the apparatus is formed of an outer case,
within which is supported a false bottom formed by preference of chilled steel, and
affixed to a revolving axis supported in suitable bearings.
Around this axis is also applied another, a hollow axis with arms forming axes
which are inclined to receive a series of conical rollers. These conical rollers are in
number or size such that the surface of each is capable of acting with those
adjoining, whilst their surfaces which for the time are the lowest rest on the plate
or false bottom.
The axis carrying the false bottom, and that surrounding it and carrying the
conical rollers, have pinions applied to them, the teeth of which are taken into by.
the teeth of another wheel, by which, or by other suitable means, the two main axes
are caused to revolve in opposite directions.
The ore to be operated upon as fed into the apparatus falls upon the conical
rollers, and becomes crushed by the action thereon of the surfaces of these rollers,
and thence it is further crushed by the action thereon between the lower, surfaces
of these conical rollers and the surface of the revolving plate. The outer ends.of
the conical rollers are also formed to operate with the side of the outer case in aid
of the crushing process. Water as usual is supplied with the ore to aid the action
of the surfaces.
The water is supplied by a suitable channel or channels through the bottom of
the case to flow out at the upper part thereof.
By the application of small quantities of mercury at intervals amalgams are
formed..
The amalgam may be extracted by a suitable opening in the bottom of the
case.
The crushed ore overflows through suitable grating when the crushing has been
effected to the extent desired.
But that my Invention may be the better understood I will, by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, proceed more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a vertical section of apparatus according to my Invention
adapted both for crushing gold ore and for effecting amalgams. a, a, indicates the
outer case, which is of a circular form, and is supported to stand on the frame a³, a¹;
a³, a, indicates the bottom of the case a, and b is a false bottom thereto; c, c, are
conical rollers for operating on the ore. I prefer that there be several of these
rollers.c arranged radially around the central axis d, and so that their surfaces, or
some of them, may come in contact with each other or nearly so, and I generally
arrange these parts so that whilst the conical rollers are caused to revolve around
or with the central axis d, the false bottom 6 may at, the same time be caused to
revolve in the opposite direction, so that ore placed in the case a will first be crushed

page_text: с
in part by the action of the surfaces of the rollers o in their rubbing against each
other, and that ore will again be further crushed by the operation thereon between
the surfaces of these conical rollers c and the revolving false bottom b.
According to the arrangement shewn by Figure 1, though this is subject to
considerable variation, motion is given to the rollers c and to the plate 6 in the
following manner is the main or driving axis, which receives motion from a
steam engine or other power acting by a band or strap on one of the pulleys e¹ on
that axis e.
On this axis e is also affixed the bevilled pinion e³, the teeth of which take into
the teeth of the bevilled wheels b¹ and d'. The bevilled wheel b¹ is affixed on the
hollow shaft b, which passes through and is capable of revolving in a boss a³
formed for it in the bottom a³ of the case a.
The upper part of this hollow shaft b' is affixed to the false bottom 6 to effect its
revolution. The other bevilled tooth wheel dis affixed to the shaft d, which is
passed through and steadied by the hollow shaft 6, and thence it is passed through
the cross framing at, whilst it is supported by the collar d². Towards the upper
end of the shaft & are also applied arms f, which by straps flare at their outer
ends connected to the outer ends of the axes c³ of the conical rollers c in order to
effect the motion of those rollers with the axis d.
The axes c¹ of the rollers care at their inner ends connected by pin joints c² to
lugs g from the collar or ring g', which may simply surround the axis d to move
freely on that axis, or this ring or collar g' may be affixed to the axis d to insure
its positive motion with that axis.
Thus it will be seen that ore fed into the upper part of the apparatus and falling
upon the conical rollers c will be crushed by the action thereon of the surfaces of
these rollers, and thence it is further crushed by the action thereon between the
surfaces for the time the lowest of these rollers and the upper surface of the
revolving plate b.
The outer ends o³ of the conical rollers o are also formed to operate with the
inner surface or side of the outer case a in aid of the crushing process.
Water is supplied by a pipe h or otherwise to aid the operations, and it flows
over the projecting edge as into the channel as, and thence away by the spout a³.
The arms and straps f¹ serve to guide the ore to between the rollers c.
For effecting amalgams small quantities of mercury are dropped in upon the ore
at intervals.
The crushed ore overflows through grating at a* when crushing has been effected
to the extent desired.
In some cases, and particularly when the object is simply to effect the crushing
of the gold ore without producing amalgams, I adopt the arrangement indicated
by Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5. In this arrangement I employ a stationary false bottom i,
which is formed, as indicated by the plan and edge view thereof on a smaller scale
at Figures 4 and 5, with three or other number of inclines i¹ and depressions i³, so
that the rollers in passing round may rise up the inclines and then fall with
greater force on the ore in the depressions, and so on in succession.
In the use of this apparatus I generally employ only two rollers c, arranged as
described in respect of Figure 1, except that the ring or collar g¹ simply rotates
around the boss as formed to rise from the inside of the bottom plate a³, whilst the
rollers are drawn round the by arms f and straps f¹. The arms are affixed to
the shaft d, and that shaft has applied to it the tooth wheel d', which is driven by
the bevilled pinion e³, and these, as other of the parts, are arranged as described
in respect of Figure 1, and they are marked with the corresponding letters of
reference.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise arrangements of parts as shewn and described, but what I claim is, the

page_text: arranging or combining parts forming apparatus for crushing gold ore and for
effecting amalgams, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Medley Stuart, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.