IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING ROLLERS ON TO THE AXLES OF WRINGING, MANGLING, AND OTHER MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Thomas and Edward Taylor,
both of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of
** IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING ROLLERS
ON TO THE AXLES OF WRINGING, MANGLING, AND OTHER MACHINES."
Sealed the 3rd September 1872, and dated the 15th March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Thomas and Edward Taylor at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 15th March 1872.
We, WILLIAM EDWARD THOMAS and EDWARD TAYLOR, both of
Salford, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS
FOR FIXING ROLLERS ON TO THE AXLES OF WRINGING, MANGLING, AND OTHER
MACHINES," to be as follows:-

page_text: evident that it is equally applicable for fixing the rollers of various other
machines on to their axles.
The ordinary method of fixing such rollers has been to employ a
square axle and to fix the wooden roller thereon by means of wedges at
each end, a metal ring being inserted into the end of the wooden roller
to prevent it from splitting.
Our improved method is intended to dispense with these rings and
wedges, and to enable round axles to be used, by which means the
wood roller can be bored to fit solid to the axle from end to end,
which it could not do on a square axle. Upon the round axle at onc
end of the roller is to be welded or otherwise formed or fixed a collar
and also a longitudinal key which fits into a groove cut in the end of
the roller. The wood roller has fixed upon each end of it a strong
metal cap provided with a rim which embraces the end of the wood,
the ends being turned down to a smaller diameter for that purpose.
This cap forms a substitute for the ring or hoop hitherto employed,
and does not require either nails or screws in fixing. The roller with
the caps fixed as above is passed on to the axle as far as the collar,
and a nut is then screwed against the other end, a corresponding screw
thread being cut on the axle. The roller is thus fixed tightly on
the axle, and is bedded firmly and solidly thereon from end to end;
it is therefore more capable of resisting great pressure without giving
way, and can easily be removed when required by unscrewing the
nut.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Edward Thomas and Edward
Taylor, Her special license that we, the said William Edward Thomas
and Edward Taylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said William Edward Thomas and Edward Taylor, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FIXING ROLLERS INTO THE AXLES OF
WRINGING, MANGLING, AND OTHER MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said William Edward Thomas and Edward Taylor,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Edward Thomas and
Edward Taylor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, and on reference to
the accompanying Drawings:-
This Invention is designed principally for fixing the wooden rollers
of the wringing and mangling machines on to their axles, but it will be
evident that it is equally applicable for fixing the rollers of various
other machines on to their axles.
The ordinary method of fixing such rollers has been to employ a
square axle and to fix the wooden roller thereon by means of wedges at
each end, a metal ring being inserted into the end of the wooden roller
to prevent it from splitting.
Our improved method is intended to dispense with these rings and
wedges, and to enable round axles to be used, by which means the

page_text: '
wooden roller can be bored to fit solid on to the axle from end to end
without wedges, which it could not do on a square axle. Upon the
round axle at one end of the roller is to be welded or otherwise formed
or fixed a collar and also a longitudinal key which fits in a groove cut
in the end of the roller. The wooden roller has fixed upon each the end
of it a strong metal cap provided with a rim which embraces the end
of the wood, the said ends being turned down to a smaller diameter for
that purpose. This cap forms a substitute for the ring or hoop hitherto
employed, and does not require either nails or screws in fixing. The
roller with the caps fixed as above is passed on to the axle as far as the
collar, and a nut is then screwed against the other end, a corre-
sponding screw thread being cut or formed on the axle for that purpose.
The roller is thus fixed tightly on the axle, and is bedded firmly and
solidly thereon from end to end; it is therefore more capable of resisting
great pressure without giving way, and can be easily removed when
required by unscrewing the nut.
We may here remark that in some cases we dispense with the key,
and have a nut or nuts at each end instead of having a fixed collar at
one end and a nut at the other.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention for " Improve-
ments in the Method of and Apparatus for Fixing Rollers on to the
Axles of Wringing, Mangling, and other Machines," we will now
proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the same is
to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order
that the same may be clearly understood we have annexed hereunto a
Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with
figures and letters of references corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof :-
Fig. 1 in the accompanying Drawing represents a side elevation
of a wooden roller of a wringing or mangling machine fixed into
its axle according to our Invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section
of the same, and Fig. 3 is a view of the axle with its collar and
key at one end, and shewing the screw thread for the nut at the
other.
a, a, is the round axle upon which at one end of the roller is welded
or otherwise formed or fixed the collar b, b, and the key c, c; d, d, is
the wooden roller which is bored through to fit the axle a, a, and has

page_text: cut in one end a groove to fit the key c, c. The wood at each end of
the roller is turned down to a smaller diameter and has fitted on to it
the metal caps e, e, which are driven on tight and do not require nails
or screws for fixing, but one or both may be provided with pegs as
shewn at ff, as a further security if preferred. The cap at the end
where the key is has a square hole made in it to fit over the latter.
When the roller with its caps fixed as above described has been passed
on to the axle a, a, it is fixed firmly thereon by screwing a nut g, g, on
to the screw thread cut on the axle at h, h, for that purpose, the said
nut pressing against the metal cap and driving the roller firmly up
against the fixed collar b, b.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, we wish it to be understood that
we claim as our Invention,
Firstly. The method of fixing the wooden rollers of wringing and
other machines on to round axles by means of a key in combination
with a fixed collar at one end and a screw nut at the other (or by a
screw nut or nuts at each end).
And, secondly. Turning down each end of the wood collar to a smaller
diameter and fixing thereon a metal cap, substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Thomas, on behalf
of myself and the said Edward Taylor, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.