IMPROVEMENTS FN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS FN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES." -A communication from abroad by Jean Jacques
Bourcart. of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville
Clark at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 15th July 1874.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to improvements in continuous spinning machines
for spinning and twisting filamentous substances. It is illustrated in the

page_text: accompanying Drawings in which Figure 1 shows an elevation; Figure 2,
a horizontal section (on line 1, 2, Figure 1); and Figure 3, a section (on
line 3, 4, Figure 1) of an improved spindle for continuous spinning
machines. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all
the Figures.
a, b, spindle made of any suitable form but grooved or fluted at the
upper part a, the grooves increasing in width towards the top so that it
retains but a gradually decreasing portion of its cylindrical surface, as
shown in the sections to facilitate the removal of the cop or bobbin k;
c, d, e, flyer having one or more legs and provided with one or more
eyes or yarn guides at c, d, or e; f, g, copping rail; /, bolster rail;
, footstep rail; l, yarn; m, wharve. The spindle a, b, is driven as
usual by a band or otherwise, and simultaneously twists and winds the
yarn on cop k by the intervention of the flyer, which is loose on the
spindle and rests on the lifting or copping rail f, g, except when the
tension of the yarn passing throug the eye raises it off the rail and
causes it to turn with the spindle. The drag produced by the friction of
the flyer on the rail when the yarn is slack effects the winding on of the
said yarn. The copping rail is operated in the ordinary manner for
giving the required form to the cop, and the speed of the spindle may be
made to vary according to the position of the rail on the flyer in order
to equalize the twist at all points of the yarn wound on.
The weight
and form of the flyer may also be varied, it being however always loose
on the spindle, and the winding on of the thread being in all cases
effected by the resistance or drag offered to the flyer by its contact with
a part of the machine other than the spindle, or even with the air itself
if the flyer be provided with pallets or blades. The tension of the yarn
is regulated by the weight of the flyer, by its drag, and by the inclination
of the spindle. The fluted part of the spindle may be made cylindrical
and provided with a wood or other removable tube on which to wind the
yarn.
"
The making fast of the whole of the yarns at once after doffing the
bobbins is effected in the following manner:-1st. The rail f, g, is raised:
sufficiently high to enable the bobbin to be removed from the spindle
beneath it, and without breaking the yarn or removing it from the eye.
c. 2ndly. It is then laid on the rail or other fixed or movable support,
and the railf, g, is lowered together with the flyer to its lowest position

page_text: for winding on, after which a few turns are given to the spindles and the
yarns are then broken to detach the finished cops from the new ones
just commenced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th January 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander Melville Clark, Her special
licence that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander Melville
Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
** IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES," a communication to me from abroad by Jean Jacques
Bourcart, of Paris, France, upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by

page_text: :
the following statement, reference being had to the two accompanying
Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say) :-
This Invention relates to improvements in continuous spinning
machines for spinning and twisting all kinds of filamentous substances.
The Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawings in which
Figure 1 shows an elevation; Figure 2 a horizontal section (on line 1, 2,
Figure 1), and Figure 3 a similar section (on line 3, 4, Figure 1), of an
improved spindle for continuous spinning machines. The same letters
of reference indicate the same parts in the three Figures.
a, b, spindle of any suitable form made tapering so to speak towards
its upper extremity) by being grooved or fluted, the grooves or their
equivalent increasing in width towards the top so as to leave a gradually
diminishing portion of the cylindrical surface of the spindle (as shown in
the sections) to facilitate the removable of the cop or bobbin k; c, d, e,
flyer having one or more legs and provided with one or more eyes or
yarn guides at c, d, or e; f, g, copping rail; h, bolster rail; i, footstep;
1, yarn; m, wharve. The spindle a, b, is driven as usual by a band or
otherwise, and simultaneously twists and winds the yarn / on bobbin or
cop by the intevention of the flyer which is loose on the spindle, and
rests on the lifting or copping rail f, g, except when the tension of the
yarn passing through the eye raises it off the rail and causes it to to turn
with the spindle. The drag produced by the friction of the flyer on the
rail when the yarn is slack effects the winding of the yarn. The
copping rail is operated in the ordinary manner for giving the required
form to the cop, and the speed of the spindle may be made to vary
according to the position of the rail and flyer in order to equalize the
twist at all points of the yarn wound on. The weight and form of the
flyer may also be varied, it being however always loose on the spindle,
and the winding of the yarn in all cases effected by the resistance or
drag offered to the flyer by its contact with a part of the machine other
than the spindle, or even by the air itself if the flyer be provided with
wings or blades. The tension of the yarn is regulated, by the weight of
the flyer, by the drag or resistance produced as above mentioned, and by
the inclination of the spindle. The upper tapered part of the spindle
may be made circular and provided with a wood or other movable tube

page_text: 3rdly. An arrangement for enabling the cop or bobbin to be doffed
beneath the copping rail without removing the thread from the eye of
the flyer, as described.
In witness whereof, I; the said Alexander Melville Clark, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five.
Witness,
HY. SWALES,
53, Chancery Lane,.
London.
A. M. CLARK. (L.S.)