Improvements in or relating to Furnaces applicable to Steam Boilers, and for other purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept., 1895-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Furnaces applicable to Steam
Boilers, and for other purposes.
We, TAYLOR'S SMOKELESS BOILER SYNDICATE LIMITED of 3 Felix Sticet,
Westminster Bridge Road, in the County of Middlesex, and JAMES DONALDSON,
of 25 Tower Buildings West, Liverpool, County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to furnaces which may be worked upon the gas-fired or
ordinary systems, and may be applied to the heating of steam boilers of various
descriptions including maime and to other heating pin poses.
We will describe
the invention as applied to au internally fired steam boiler of the Lancashire
type.
We provide a furnace of any suitable size form and materials and preferably
charged with fuel through a hopper from above, the hopper may be in the shape
of an inverted truncated cone, but its shape may be varied if desired and it may
be closed by a cone valve centrally supported by a chain or other device by which
it can be operated. The fuel is placed in the hopper and when the cover which
usually hes neat the lower end of the hopper is moved away therefrom the fuel
passes out of the hopper and falls down to the furnace
The fire is supported upon a suitable grate which may be formed of fine-bais in
the usual way, but we prefer to give to the fire bars a greater slope or angle thau
usual and to provide a hanging or other bridge or equivalent at a suitable height
above the grate so that as the fuel is consumed the slope of the bars will cause the
super incumbent mass to press downwards towards the lower end pushing before it the
ash and clinker which will fall off the bais o grate into a portion of the furnace or
special receptacle provided for the purpose.
The removal of the climbers may be assisted by a pucker o blade in a well-
known manner.
The forward or inner end of the furnace is partly closed preferably for about
three quarters of the way up by a hollow bridge into which an, heated on other-
wise, may be admitted and pass forward to jom the gases from the furnace or gas
producer in the combustion chamber through perforations in the bark wall of this
hollow bridge. The passage from the furnace past the hollow wall into the com-
bustion chainber may be curved and is preferably duected downwards so as to
cause the gases to sweep dowuwards and mix with the in-rushing air From the
combustion chamber the flames and heated gases pass by a preferably short flue or
passage to the boiler flue which they then enter and proceed from there to the
smoke box chimney stack or other outlet in the usual manner. The passage from
the combustion chamber to the flue may be chcular to match the flue but in some
cases we prefer to make it semi-circular or a little more than semi-circular, with a
flat or cui ved top leaving a space above and within the diameter of the flue which
may be provided with a door or other inspection device so that the crown of the
flue may be suspected while the furnace is at work.
When the passage is circulai an inspection door is placed in a depression in the
Hlue roof at the furnace end of the top gas port of the hollow bridge, and by the
insertion of a tube from the inspection door to the gas port (by which means
the gases are temporarily excluded from that port) the crown plates of the boiler
Hue can be inspected.

page_text: ▲ bye-pass flue to the chimney may connect with the combustion chamber from
which it may in ordinary working be shut off by a suitable damper or equivalent
the object of this by e-pass being to draw off the flaines and heated gases from the
boiler when for instance it is desired to reduce steam in the boiler, farility for this
operation being desirable with a gas-fired boiler as it is not easy without such a
bye-pass to quickly choke down the gas producer finace and consequently the
boiler is apt to go on steaming when not wanted; but with the bye-pass the heated
gases can be withdrawn from the boiler as above explained and any danger of
explosien or damage can thus be removed.
With a double-Hued boiler we may employ either one or two furnaces but wo
prefer to have two, arranged in the same brick-work or slab setting which may be
plated in the usual way, the gases passing to the furnaces as previously described
through two short connecting flues lying side by side. With the arrangement
described free access can be had to all the parts of the boiler requiring attention
such as the blow-off cock, the watci gauges, check valves, mud or man hole doors
flues and the like.
Where it is desired to burn the fuel as in an ordinary furnace and not as in a
gas producer it is only necessary to admit air freely to the fire which may be done
through any suitable aangement of fire-doors, ventilators, blowers or the like,
and the supply of air to the hollow bridge may be modified or shut off and the
boiler can then be worked in the ordinary manner, but the furnace instead of being
inside the flue would be outside the boiler altogether.
For this form of firing it is not necessary to have the fire-bars at such an angle
and where it is desired to use the finace in both ways one or more of the fire-bar
bearers may be made movable so as to allow of the slope of the fire bars being
altered. Where this is done it is not always necessary to employ the bye-pass to
the chimney as the fire bars and other air inlets can then be opened and the boiler
thus prevented from becoming over-beated or asing steam when it is not
requned
If desed the fire bais may be pivotted centrally or otherwise and
with this arrangement the slope of the bais can very easily be adjusted from
outside the furnace a scale or equivalent being provided if desired to indicate the
slope.
In a modified form the gases from the producer pass into a receiving or fixing
chamber and thence by pipes through a hollow wall into the combustion chamber
where they meet the air which may enter through the hollow wall and openings in
the face thereof to the combustion chamber which would in effect be the passage
from the furnace to the boiler flue. An may be admitted to this combustion
chamber or passage by suitable openings in addition to o instead of the hollow
wall previously mentioned. In this and thic previously described cases the passage
from the furnace to the boiler flue may be provided with a hd, cover or equivalent
by which full access can be obtained to it and a bridge may be placed in the
furnace tube so that its position may be altered as required This bridge may
more or less nearly hill the tube leaving sufficient space for the passage of the gases
either between the bridge and the furnace tube on the bridge may be open for part
of the flames to pass through.
In another modification the furnace and hanging bridge are formed in one leaving
sufferent space for the escape of the gases from the fire through a hollow wall into
the combustion chamber to which air, heated on cold, may be admitted through
openings in the wall and from the combustion chamber the mingled gases and air
will pass by the passage as before to the boiler furnace. O instead of the hollow
wall a badge preferably with a rounded top may be employed the gases passing
over the top of the badge wall at the back of the chamber.
Unted the 21st day al Desemba 201
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Furnaces applicable to Steam
Boilers, and for other purposes.
We, TAYLOR'S SMOKELESS BOILER SYNDICATE LIMITED of 3 Felix Street,
Westminster Bridge Road, in the County of Middlesex, and JAMES DONALDSON
of 25 Tower Buildings, West, Liverpool, County of Lancaster, Consulting
Engineci, do hereby declate the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to furnaces which may be worked upon the gas-fired or
ordinary systems, and may be applied to the heating of steam boilers of various
descriptions including maiine and to other heating purposes.
In the accompanying diawings ;-
Figure 1 is an elevation of one construction of our improved apparatus applied
to a boiler of the Lancashire type
Figure 2 is vertical longitudinal section thereof, on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional plan thereof ou the line 3-3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a vertical transverse section on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.
Figure 5 18 a view similar to Figure 2 of an alternative construction of our
improved apparatus applied to a Lancashire boiler.
Figure 6 is view of the apparatus shown in Figuro 5, partly in tiansverse
section on the line 6-6 of Figure 5, and partly in end elevation.
Figures 7 and 8 nie views similar, respectively, to Figures 5 and 6, they show
a further alternative construction of the apparatus in its application to a "straight
through" multitubular boiler, Figure 8 being partly in section on the line 8-8
of Figure 7.
Figures 9 and 10 show in longitudiual central section and end elevation
respectively an application of our invention to a water-tube boiler of the Babcock
& Wilcox type, and
Figures 11 and 12 are views similar respectively to Figures 9 and 10, (except
that Figure 11 is partly in elevation), showing an application of our invention to a
water-tube boiler of the Belleville type.
Figures 13 and 14 are views similar, respectively to Figures 2 and 3 of anothor
alternative construction of our improved apparatus.
Figmes 15 and 16 nie longitudinal central sections each showing further
alternative constructions and
Figures 17 and 18 are transverse sections of the boiler flues of Figures 13 14
and 15 particularly intended to show the shape of movable bidges which as
hereinafter described are placed therein.
The furnaces illustrated in Figures 9, 10, 13, 14 and 15 are of the single type.
The furnaces in the other figures unless specifically distinguished are of the duplex
type.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
With reference Inst to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, A is the boiler, B are furnaces,
each practically a duplicate of the other and separated by the partition or mid-
feather B¹; each 15 preferably charged with fuel though its own hopper C from
above, the hopper may be in the shape of an inverted truncated cone as in the
present example, or may be differently shaped if desued; it is closed by a cone
valve or lid C centrally hung by a chain D'or other device by which it can be
operated. The fuel is placed in the hopper and when the valve is raised the fuel
passes out of the hopper C and falls down into the furnace B.

page_text: The fire is supported in each furnace upon a grate E which is formed of file-
bars in the usual way although it might be otherwise constructed; we prefer to
give to the fire-bars a greater slope or anglo than usual and to provide a bauging
or other bridge F or equivalent at a suitable height above each grate so that as
the fuel is consumed the slope of the bars will cause the superincumbent mass to
press downwards towards the lower end of the giate pushing before it the ash and
clinker which will fall over or can be pushed over the ends of the bars or grate E
into the aslipit F' constituted by the lower part of the furnace without materially
disturbing the firc.
The removal of the clinkers may be assisted by a pricker in the ordinary
manner.
The forward or inner end of each furnace B is partly closed by a hollow
bridge G extending into and across both furnaces B into which bridge air, heated
or otherwise, may be admitted to join the gases from the furnace or gas-producer
in the combustion chambers 1 through perforations G₁ in the back wall G 2 of
this hollow bridge; the gases from the furnaces pass into the combustion chainbers
by the passages I between the top of the bidge G and the crowns of the
furnaces B. From the combustion chamber the flames and heated gases pass by
a short flue or passage J to the boiler flue A' and proceed thence to the chimney
stack in the usual manner. The passage J from the combustion chamber H to
the flue A inay be circular to match the flue but we prefer to make it semi-
circular with a flat or curved bottom J' (Figure 4) or top leaving a space K
above or below and within the diameter of the boiler flue A' which may be
provided with an inspection opening A 2 01 door or other inspection device so that
the crown of the flue A' may be inspected while the furnace is at work.
A bye-pass flue L (Figure 2) connects the chimney with the combustion
chamber Hom which it may in ordinary working be shut off by a suitable
damper L' or equivalent the object of this bye-pass being to permit diversion of
the flames and heated gases from the boiler when for instance it is desired to shut
off the boiler, without which under some circumstances the boiler would be apt to
go on steaming when not wanted; but with the bye-pass the heated gases can be
withdrawn from the boiler and directed to the chimney as above explained and
any danger of explosion or damage can thus be removed
A boiler can be connected to an exterior furnace by a flue constructed and
arranged like the flue J without need for any re-arrangement of the boiler
mountings or fixings which are just as accessible as in an ordinary boiler. More-
over the clown plates of the boiler can be inspected whilst the furnace is in
operation and access to the boiler as a whole is unimpeded
The flue itself can be constructed of a flat plate bent to arch form, the opposite
sides of the arch being tied by long bolts.
With a double-flued boiler we may employ either one or two furnaces B but we
prefer to have two, arranged as in the piesent instance in the same buckwork or
slab setting the gases passing to the furnaces as previously described through two
short connecting flues J lying side by side. With the arrangement described free
access can be bad to all the parts of the boiler requiring attention such as the
blow-off cock, the water-gauges, check valves, mud or man-hole doors flues and
the like.
Where it is desired to burn the fuel as in an ordinary finace and not as in a
gas-producer it is only necessary to use fire-doors B2, one of which is provided in
the ordinary way in the outer ond of each furnace, and the supply of air to the
hollow bridge G (which may flow in thereto by passages formed in the thickness
of the furnace walls and leading from the outer air) may be modified or shut off
and the boiler can then be worked in the ordinary manner,
For this form of firing it is not necessary to have the fire-bars at so great an
angle with the horizontal as in Figures 1 to 4 and where it is desired to use the
furnace in both ways one or more of the fine-bat beners may be made movable so
as to allow of the slope of the fine-bars being altered.

page_text: In the modification illustrated in Fignres 5 and 6 a projection F on the roar
wall B 3 of the furnace B serves the same purpose as the bridge Fin Figures 1 to 4.
The wall B3 is hollow and the secondary air-supply .e. the supply additional to
that which may get into the furnace by way of the ashpit doors or otherwise is
admitted to the interior thereof by way of passages B 4 lving in the walls so that
it 19 heated on its way to outlets B5 in the upper part of the hollow wall B 3
whence it issues to mingle with the gases passing from the furnace B to the
boiler A by way of the flues J. Cold air enters the passages B4 at openings B6
in the front of the apparatus
In this modification space is left at K below each
flue instead of being as in the previous example, above it, for an inspection door
or the like.
In Figure 7 the bridge F is a bar of fire-brick or the like extended transversely
across the lower part of the grate E. The bridge G is hollow as in Figure 2 and
the secondary air-supply is led to it by long passages B4 extending from the
opposite end of the boiler setting in which passages it is warmed.
Mis a pipe to deliver a steam jet just below the bars of the grate E when
desired.
In Figures 9 10 11 and 12 the secondary air supply is delivered to a chamber N
perforated as at O at the top and situated just below the flue P by which the
gases pass from the furnace to the boiler.
In a modified form of our apparatus illustrated in Figures 13 and 14 the gases
from the producer or furnace B pass into a receiving or fixing chamber and
thence by pipes R through a hollow wall S into the combustion chamber where
they meet the air which may enter from the cavity of the hollow wall S and
openings S in the face thereof into the combustion chamber H which would in
effect be the passage from the furnace B to the boiler flue A¹. Air may be
admitted to this combustion chamber or passage by suitable pipes S2 in addition
to or netead of the hollow wall previously mentioned. These pipos pass into the
chamber H from the outer air and are tunned for raid towards the boiler flues
In this and the previously described cases the passage from the furnace to the
boiler flue may be provided with lids covers or equivalents by which full access
can be obtained to it and a dise bridge U or block preferably of firebuck may be
placed in the furnace tube so that its position may be altered as required, e, 80
that it may be readily shifted along the tube in the duection of the length of the
latter. This bridgo may more or less nearly fill the tube (see Figate 17) leaving
sufficient space for the passage of the gases either between the bridge and the
furnace tube or the bridge may be open as in Figure 18 for part of the flames to
pass through.
In another modification illustrated in Figmes 15 and 16 the finace Band
hanging bridge Fare formed in one, leaving sufficient spice for the escape of the
gases from the fire through a hollow wall S to the combustion chamber H to
which an heated on cold may be admitted through openings in the wall. From
the combustion chamber the mingled gases and air will pass by the passage Jas
before to the boiler furnace A¹ Or instead of the hollow wall a budge V
preferably with a rounded top may be employed, the gases passing over the top of
the bridge wall at the back of the chamber.
Having non particularly described and as ertained the nature of the sand inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we doelare that what wo
claim is
1. The combination with a boiler-fue such as A and a furnace such as B
exterior to the boiler of a flue such as J so constructed and arranged as not to
block the ente area of the end of the flue A¹ which it enters substantially as and
for the pun pose herembefore described.
2. The combination with a boiler-flue such as A' and a furnace such as B
exterior to the boiler of a flue such as J whose cross-section is the segment of a
circle substantially as and for the purpose herembefore described.

page_text: 3. In a furnace the combination with an inclined grate such as E of a projecting
or overhanging bridgo such as F substantially as and for the purpose heiembefore
described.
4. A movable flue-bridge or furnace bridge such as U solid or perforated
substantially as and for the purpose herembefore described.
5 In a furnace such as B the combination with a grate such as E of fire-bar
bearers adjustable at different levels substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described.
6. In a furnace of the kind her einbefore described the combination with a
combustion chamber such as H and flue such as J of a bye-pass flue such as L and
damper L there substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in
Figure 2 of the accompanying diawings
7. The combinations and arrangements of parts constituting complete furnaces,
substantially as and for the purpose herenbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 123 and 4 or Figures 5 and 6 or Figures 7 and 8 or Figures 9 and 10
or Figures 11 and 12 or Figures 13 and 14 or Figure 15 or Figure 16 of the
accompanying diawings.
8. The movable flue-bridge or furnace-bridge U substantially as described aud
illustrated in Figure 17 or Figure 18 of the accompanying diawings.
Dated this 21st day of September 1895.
TAYLOR'S SMOKELESS BOILER SYNDICATE, LTD.,
Per W. O. A LOWE,
JAMES DONALDSON
Channan and Managing Director
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicants.