Improvements in and relating to Windows.
Year: 1894

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Windows.
I, WILLIAM NICOL, of 55 Albert Road, Crosshill in the County of the City of
Glasgow, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements for enabling window sash frames
to be swivelled within apartments.
Under one arrangement a U, channel or equivalent shaped groove or recess
would be formed in the one side of each sliding sash frame, and may have a corre-
sponding shaped metal bush or protector either the whole length or at intervals
sunk and secured in it. A metal plate would be screwed to the batten rod or
fixed frame, and be formed with a turned or rolled bead which may be of a curled,
scroll, bowl, hollow slitted, solid beaded or equivalent shape. This rolled or turned
free part of plate would be made to fit within the groove formed in the sliding
sash frame, and a plate would be screwed to the sliding sash and project out to
cover the turned part of the plate or rod within the groove, and this plate may be
either straight, or with a curved end. By this means the sash frame can slide up
and down on the plate of batten rod, and the groove in sash will enable it to be
swivelled within the apartment, the free end of plate on sash then coming parallel
with the plate on batten rod, and holding sash frame in position. The plate on
batten rod would preferably extend the full length of the window, and the plate on
sash frame may extend the full length of sash, or may be fitted in sections at
distances apart. The top sash frame would be similarly mounted to the lower but
the rolled or turned plate would be screwed to the parting bead, and niay be
extended and curved to cover same.
By a modified arrangement a tubular socket would be secured in fixed frame
of window for lower sash, and on parting bead for upper sash and would be open
on the side adjacent to sash frame and have scroll or beaded ends carried within
the hollow socket. Plates would fit within the open part of socket and be curled
or curved at their ends to engage round the turned ends of socket, and the outer
ends of these plates would be mounted as hinges for the sliding sashes to swivel on.
By this means the sash frames can slide up and down by the plates moving within
the sockets, while the sash frames can swivel within the apartment on the hinges
formed at the outer end of these plates. The sockets instead of having curled ends
may be of a square rectangular, or other shape with open or slitted part for the plates
of hinges to pass through, and in such case these latter plates would not require to be
curled, but remain straight or be formed of a corresponding shape to the socket, or
may be mounted with pin and pulleys as antifriction guides within socket, and may
have plate washer coverings on inner and outer sides of slot in socket. The top
sash socket would be secured to the parting bead, and the hinge part of plate may
be extended to admit of sash frame being hinged further inwards. The cords for
balancing the sashes may pass through these sockets.
By a modified arrangement the top sash frame may be fitted with an eye plate
near its upper end, and be swivelled within the apartment by this eye engaging
with the kneed or hook end of a swivelling arm mounted at top or countercheck
part of the lower sash; while the top sash may be locked for ventilating purposes
by having an eye plate at its lower end and the arm on countercheck of lower sash
swivelled round to engage with same. And the lower sash may be swivelled on

page_text: loose segmental curved plates working in a housing formed in sliding sash entering
a slit or socket formed in adjacent edge of fixed frame, or batten rod, or vice versa,
a fixed segmental fiu being rigidly formed on the screwed on plate of housing to
first enter a slot formed at head of slot in which loose plate works.
The pulley stile or fixed frame would or may be placed further back than usual
so as to have the counterbalance weights and chain interposed between them and
the sash frames with the parting bead between each set, and these counterbalance
weights may be either exposed to view or covered in by portable wood facings.
While the pulley stile or fixed frame on opposite side of window would be checked
for say a half inch at its outer part, and the top sash frame correspondingly
reduced in size; and the lower part of the parting bead would be cut or detached,
and hinged to come flush with the outer check to admit of top sash swivelling in,
and the batten rod would be correspondingly hinged to admit of this. A kneed
clip hinged plate would be screwed to the fixed frame preferably about eighteen
inches up from lower end, and this plate would be made to embrace the outer
edges of batten rod and retain same in closed position when the sash frame is
closed, but when the sash frame is to be swivelled the latter would be raised the
required height, and the clip folded back a little to release batten rod which
would be turned inwards, and the hinged clip plate would then be reversed and its
kneed part enter a recess in fixed stile for its body to come flush therewith so as to
permit sash frame to be swivelled inwards.
When the sash frames are counterbalanced by weights at both sides and cords
are used for hanging these, the cords would be detached by hand from the side of
sash frame to be swivelled within the apartment and be placed in channels or
grooves formed in a plate screwed to fixed stile, and be retained in position by
eccentric acting cams or organs mounted to swivel on pins and act by gravity to
grip the cords, and the faces of these cams and the opposite faces of projecting
ledge of channel would preferably be serrated or toothed. When chains or wire
cords are used for hanging the weights on, they would each be secured at their
ends to the sliding sash by an eye plate and screw pin or a hook; and when the
chain is to be detached a portable pin would be inserted through an eye plate
mounted near end of chain to enter a hole in an adjustable holed plate fixed to
pulley stile, so that the end of chain can then be detached by hand from the sash
frame, and the chain be retained in detached position while the frame is being
swivelled within the apartment.
Dated the 14th November 1894.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Windows.
I, WILLIAM NICOL of 55 Albert Road, Crosshill, in the County of the City
of Glasgow, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement in writing, that to say :-
This invention has reference to improvements for enabling window sash frames
to be swivelled within apartments.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended an
explanatory sheet of drawings in which the same reference letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a horizontal section of sliding sash windows as fitted with my improved
sliding and swivelling devices.

page_text: Figure 2 is an end elevation corresponding to Figure 1 and showing one of the
counterbalance weights and fittings,
Figures 3 and 4 are horizontal sections of sliding and swivelling fittings hereto-
fore in use to differentiate the difference between these and that shown in Figures 1
and 2.
Figure 5 shows detached views of swivelling fittings for the top sash frame.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section showing an arrangement of sash swivelling device
for lower sash frame.
Figure 7 shows detached views of loose swivelling plate, while
Figures 8 and 9 show detached views of the screwed on plates in which aforesaid
plate swivels in sliding sash and batten rod respectively.
Figures 10 and 11 are horizontal sections showing hinged kneed clip plate for
securing batten rod.
Figure 12 is an end view showing an arrangement where the batten rod can be
secured and detached by vertical adjustable devices.
Figure 13 shows sectional views of the devices as secured to batten rod and fixed
frame respectively, while Figures 14 and 15 show detached enlarged views of these
devices.
Figure 16 shows views of a device for securing the counterbalance cords when
these are detached from the sash frames, and Figure 17 shows a view of same
applied in position. And
Figures 18 to 23 show views of devices for attaching and detaching the counter-
balance sash cords or chains.
Referring to these drawings:-
Under the arrangement shown in Figures 1 and 2 a U channel or equivalent
shaped groove or recess is formed in the one side of each sliding sash frame A A¹
and may have a corresponding shaped metal bush or protector either the whole
length or at intervals sunk and secured in it as shown at a. A metal plate b would
be screwed to the batten rod A2 or to the fixed frame B and be formed with a
turned or rolled bead which may be of a solid beaded bowl or equivalent shape.
This rolled or turned free part b' of plate would be made to fit within the groove
formed at a in the sliding sash frame A or A' and a plate 2 would be screwed to
the sliding sash and project out to cover the turned part of the plate within
the groove, and this plate may be either straight, or with a curved end. By this
means the sash frame can slide up and down on the plate of batten rod, and the
groove in sash will enable it to be swivelled within the apartment. The free end
of plate 62 on sash then coming parallel with the plate on batten rod, would
preferably extend the full length of the window, and the plate b on batten rod or
sash frame may extend the full length of sash, or may be fitted in sections at
distances apart. The top sash frame A¹ would be similarly mounted to the lower,
but the rolled or turned plate & would be screwed to the parting bead B', and may
be extended and curved to cover same.
By a modified arrangement as shown in Figure 5 the top sash frame A¹ may be
fitted with an eye plate c near its upper end and be swivelled within the apartinent
after said sash has been sufficiently lowered by this eye engaging with the kneed
or hook end c² of a swivelling arm c¹ mounted on a pine at top or counter-check
part of the lower sash, both top and lower sashes being swivelled by hand at same
time, while the top sash A¹ may be locked for ventilating purposes by having an
eye plate c at its lower end and the arm c' on counter-check of lower sash swivelled
round to engage with same. And as shown in Figures 6 to 9 the lower sash A
may be swivelled on loose segmental curved plates & working in a housing d
formed in sliding sash one being near lower end and one near upper end of sash
which when brought into position enter a slit or socket e formed in adjacent
edge of batten rod or fixed frame, or vice versa; a fixed segmental fin d² being
rigidly formed on the screwed on slotted plate of housing to first enter a slot e
formed at head of slot e¹ of screwed on fixed plate in which loose plate d works.
As shown in Figure 1 the pulley stile or fixed frame B2 would or may be placed.

page_text: further back than usual so as to have the counterbalance weights W and chain
interposed between them and the sash frames A A' with the parting bead B¹
between each set, and these counterbalance weights may be either exposed to view
or covered in by portable wood facings. While the pulley stile or fixed frame B2
on opposite side of window would be checked or blocked out at B³, for say one
half inch at its outer part, and the top sash frame correspondingly reduced in size;
and the lower part of the parting bead would be cut and detached, or hinged
at B as shown in Figures 1 and 17 to come flush with the outer check to
admit of top sash swivelling in and the batten rod A2 would be corre-
spondingly hinged to admit of this. As shown in Figure 10 a kneed clip
hinged plate ff is screwed to the fixed frame B2 preferably about eighteen inches
up from lower end and the arm f¹ of this plate would be made to embrace the
outer edges of batten rod A2 and retain same in closed position when the sash
frame is closed, but when the sash frame is to be swivelled the latter would be raised
the required height, and the clip folded back a little to release batten rod which
would be turned inwards, and the hinged clip plate would then be reversed and its
kneed part enter a recess at f2 in fixed stile for its body to come flush therewith
so as to permit sash frame to be swivelled inwards. As shown in Figure 11 the
kneed plate ff is shown as screwed to batten rod A and its arm f' held in
position by sash frame, and in this case the hinged joint may be dispensed with.
When the window finishing will not admit of batten rod being hinged or otherwise
the arrangement shown in Figures 12 to 15 would be provided in which a plate g
is screwed to inner surface of lower part of batten rod A2 and a similar plate
near its upper end and a projecting pin or bead g' on each of these plates is made
to enter a slot in a plate g² screwed to fixed frame of window opposite these pins.
A sectional part A of batten rod A2 is mounted to swivel, so that when the batten
rod A2 is in closed position this part A is swivelled in vertical line. But when
the batten rod is to be temporarily removed this part A is swivelled out and the
pins can be adjustably removed from slotted plates 2 and the batten rod be
thus removed.
When the sash frames are counterbalanced by weights W at both sides and
cords Ware used for hanging these, the cords would be detached by hand from
the side of sash frame to be swivelled within the apartment, and as shown in
Figures 16 and 17 be placed in channels or grooves formed in a plate / screwed
to fixed stile, and be retained in position by eccentric acting cams or organs h²
mounted to swivel on pins and act by gravity to grip the cords W₁ and the faces
of these cams and the opposite faces of projecting ledge 3 of channel would
preferably be serrated or toothed.
When wire cords or chains are used for hanging the weights on, they would each
be secured at their ends by an eye plate as shown in Figures 18 to 20 taking on
to a hooked plate shown in Figure 20 secured to sliding sash; and when the
chain is to be detached a portable pin 2 shown in Figure 22 would be inserted
through an eye plate i mounted some distance from lower end of chain and through
a hole in an adjustable holed plate 3 shown in Figure 23 fixed to pulley stile so
that the end of chain can then be detached by hand from the sash frame, and the
chain be retained in detached position while the frame is being swivelled within the
apartment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
First. The improved construction of beaded and engaging hinge plates working
in a groove formed in sliding and swivelling sash frames, substantially as herein
described in reference to and shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
Second. In sash frames the method of hanging the counterbalance weights
between sash frames and pulley stile, substantially as herein described in reference
to and shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: Third. The engaging and swivelling devices for sash frames shown in Figure 5
of accompanying drawings.
Fourth. The engaging and swivelling devices for sash frames shown in Figures 6
to 9 of accompanying drawings.
Fifth. The grip devices for securing the batten rods of sash frames as shown in
Figures 10 to 15 of accompanying drawings.
Sixth. The eccentric or cam acting devices for securing the detached cords of
sash frames as shown in Figures 16 and 17 of accompanying drawings.
Seventh. The devices for attaching and detaching the cords or chains of sash
frames as shown in Figures 18 to 23 of accompanying drawings.
Dated the 7th day of August 1895.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.