Improvements in Valves for Engines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1898-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves for Engines.
I, ALEXANDER GEBBIE HAY, of 2619, East Norris Street, Philadelphia, in the County
of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following drawings,
and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this Specification
This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in valves for engines, and is
especially adapted for use in connection with multiple cylinder marine engines, and
has for its object to so construct and arrange a valve of this description as to greatly
economize space, do away with the necessity of a steam chest, utilize the live exhaust
steam in the course of its induction and escape to prevent radiation from the cylinder,
and at the same time balance the valve by the steam action.
With these ends in view, this invention consists in the details of construction and
combination of elements hereinafter set forth and then specifically designated by
the claims.
In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may under-
stand how to make and use the same, the construction and operation will now be
described in detail, referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
Specification, in which
Fig. 1 shows onecylinder in elevation, while the other is in section, thereby
illustrating the arrangement of the several parts of the valve and its relation to
the cylinder;
Fig. 2, is a cross section of one of the cylinders at the line x, x ;
Fig. 3, a detail view of one of the valve rings;
Fig. 4, a slight modification of my improvement showing the outer casing of the
cylinder arranged concentric to the lining, by means of which arrangement it is not
necessary to carry the valve completely around the cylinder ;
Fig. 5, is a cross section of this modification; and
Fig. 6, a slight modification of the valve.
.
In carrying out my 'invention as embodied in Figures 1, 2, and 3, I form the
cylinder casing A in the usual manner by casting, and leave therein bands of small
diameter, which may be bored to form spottings for the valve bearings, as indicated'at
B, and within this casing is placed a lining or tubular shell C adapted to receive the
piston D, which latter may be of usual construction. Around the outer circumference
of the lining C are formed spots of larger diameter than the body thereof, and these
spots are finished so as to serve as valve-seats, as indicated at E, and through these
seats are the ports F for the induction and escape of the steam.
The valve proper consists of two annular sections G fitted between the bearing
surfaces B and E, after the manner of a piston valve, and these sections are coupled
together by means of the rods H, so as to become one moving member of the engine.
The valve thus constructed has leading therefrom the valve-stems I, which are here
shown as connected to a yoke J, and in combined triple or quadruple engines this
yoke may be of sufficient length to carry the valve-stems to two of the cylinders, for
the purpose well known...

page_text: The arrangement of the valve sections is such that the space between the lining
and the outer casing of the cylinder is divided into three compartments, the two outer
compartments K serving as induction passages, while the inner compartment L serves
as the exhaust way, from which it will be obvious that when the valve is given its
proper movement steam will enter from one of the induction compartiments to the
cylinder, and when the movement of the piston is reversed this steam will be
exhausted by the proper movement of the valve into the compartment L, and fron
thence to the next cylinder or condenser, as the case may be.
By thus conveying the steam to the cylinder and exhausting it therefrom, it will
be seen that said cylinder is always maintained at a high temperature, thereby
preventing radiation or condensation, which would otherwise take place were the
cylinder exposed to the atmosphere, or only protected by the ordinary jacket.
Each section of the valve is composed of flat annular plates, of such dimension as
to fit within the space between the bearings B and E, and between each set of these
plates is placed the packing ring M, which may be varied in its adjustment by means
of the bolt and nut N; the plates are likewise made in sections and secured together
by means of the bolts O, or any other arrangement may be provided for the snug
packing of the sections of the valve, so as to compensate for expansion and contrac-
tion occasioned by the variance of the temperature of the parts. Much economy of
space is effected by my improvement, as well as the other advantages gained thereby,
since four cylinders may be arranged into the same space as that heretofore occupied
by three cylinders, and since no condensation will take place in the cylinders on
account of the hot temperature at which the lining thereof is maintained, my
improvement is especially applicable for marine purposes. In the modification shown
in Figures 4 and 5, I accomplish the same result as that above described, by
arranging the lining P eccentric with the outer casing Q of the cylinder, thus
enlarging one side of the space between the lining and casing, and in this enlargement
of the space is fitted the valve which consists of the two sections R connected
together by the rods S, so as to move in unison. Each of these sections form
segmental boxes having cavities T therein, and from these cavities lead the
openings U and V, the latter adapted to pass into and out of alignment with the
ports W, while the former are adapted to register with the steam passages X. By
this arrangement the live steam is conducted to the compartiment Y, and passes
through the openings X into the valve boxes, and from thence to the ports, while the
steam which is exhausted passes to one or the other of the compartments Z.
This construction, under some circumstances, is as desirable as that first described,
but I do not wish to be limited to the exact details of construction here shown, since
these may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.
The modification shown in Figure 6 is so arranged that the steam pressure
indicated by the arrow a will balance the steam pressure indicated by the arrow bas
will be readily understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The herein described combination of an engine cylinder consisting of an outer
casing and an inner lining to which the piston is fitted, whereby a space is formed
between the two in which a valve may be placed, as specified.
2. In combination, an engine cylinder consisting of an outer casing and an inner
lining to which the piston is fitted, and a valve fitted within the space formed
between said casing and lining, substantially as shown and described.
3. In combination, an engine cylinder consisting of an outer casing and an inner
lining to which the piston is fitted, bearings formed upon each of said members, and
a valve composed of two sections, each section being fitted to the bearings,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. The herein described combination of an outer casing having bearings formed
upon its interior, a lining secured within said casing and adapted to receive the

page_text: piston, annular valve sections fitted between the casing and the lining, and rods for
connecting said sections, as specified.
5. In combination with a cylinder of the character described, a valve composed of
two annular sections fitted between the lining and casing of the cylinder and
connected together by rods, as shown and described.
6. In combination, a cylinder consisting of an outer casing, a lining placed
eccentrically therein and adapted to receive the piston, a valve composed of two box
sections connected together by rods, and fitted between bearings formed upon the
casing and lining, substantially as shown and described.
1 1000
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for Applicant.
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for Applicant.