Improvements in Lighting and Ventilating Apparatus, chiefly designed for use in Railway Carriages.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 7th July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 7th May, 1892-Accepted, 25th June, 1892
TRUVIDIUNAL DE MULTIOATIA.
Improvements in Lighting and Ventilating Apparatus, chiefly
designed for use in Railway Carriages.
I, WILLIAM GORDON POTTER, of 99, Warwick Street, Greenheys, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
-
My invention relates to lighting and ventilating apparatus, chiefly designed for
use in railway carriages.
An important feature of my said invention is the combination of a regenerating
gas lamp and a ventilator in such a manner, that the air in the upper part of the
carriage will be drawn into the apparatus, and apart of it will be drawn downward
towards the burner, and at the same time heated by the products of combustion,
whilst a further portion of such air will pass through the ventilator.
Another feature of my said invention is the combination of an adjustable burner
for producing an annular flame, and a cone or deflector for the heated air, so
arranged relatively to the said burner, that the heated air will impinge upon the
flame as the latter turns towards the chimney of the lamp.
I employ, moreover, an annular chamber for the flow of the air from the upper
part of the carriage into the heating tubes of the lamp and into the ventilator.
I find it advantageous to make the ventilator with a pivoted cowl, so constructed
that, in whatever direction the carriage is travelling, the cowl will always assume
the proper position to effect the withdrawal of the vitiated air from the said
carriage.
In my gas lamp, the gas supply pipe extends through a chamber or tube, which
is connected by radial tubes to a perforated annular chamber. In the lower end of
the said chamber or tube, is secured a cone or deflector, made of steatite or other
suitable refractory material. Beneath this cone or deflector is a disc or nut which
is screwed upon the hollow stem of the burner, and serves as a lock nut for securing
the said burner in any position to which it may be adjusted. Through the space
between the underside of this disc or nut, and the turned up edge of the burner the
gas passes, so as to produce an annular flame. The size of this flame can be
regulated by the relative adjustment of the burner and the disc or nut.
The lamp is provided with a dome shaped casing secured to the main casting or
body of the lamp. The inner wall of this casing is perforated at the upper end, and
serves as the chimney of the lamp. The space between the two walls of the said
casing forms a ventilating passage, which is in communication at its lower end with
the perforated annular chamber, and at its upper end with the passage for the
induced current through a cowl constructed upon the injector principle. This cowl
is mounted upon a pivot and is provided with a vane, so that it will turn
automatically, to accommodate itself to the direction in which the carriage is
travelling.
My arrangement of the burner and cone or deflector admits of the ready removal
and replacement of same should they become worn or damaged.
My improved lamp can be advantageously used with or without the ventilator, as
a roof lamp for railway carriages or for other purposes.
Dated this 12th day of May 1892.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lighting and Ventilating Apparatus, chiefly
designed for use in Railway Carriages.
I, WILLIAM GORDON POTTER, of 99, Warwick Street, Greenheys, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what inanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to lighting and ventilating apparatus, chiefly designed for
use in railway-carriages.
An important feature of my said invention is the combination of a regenerating
gas-lamp and a ventilator in such a manner that the air in the upper part of the
carriage, will be drawn into the apparatus, and a part of it will be drawn downward
towards the burner and, at the same time, heated by the products of combustion,
whilst a further portion of such air will pass through the ventilator.
Another feature of my said invention is the combination of an adjustable burner
for producing an annular flame, and a cone or deflector for the heated air, so
arranged relatively to the said burner that the heated air will impinge upon the
flame as the latter turns towards the chimney of the lamp.
1 employ, moreover, an annular perforated chamber for the flow of the air from
the upper part of the carriage into the heating tubes of the lamp and into the
ventilator.
I find it advantageous to make the ventilator with a pivoted cowl, so constructed
that, in whatever direction the carriage is travelling, the cowl will always assume
the proper position to effect the withdrawal of the vitiated air from the said
carriage.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown, in vertical central section, a
convenient and advantageous form of my improved apparatus, designed for use as a
roof-lamp in a railway-carriage.
A indicates the roof of a railway-carriage; a is the adjustable burner of my gas-
lamp, which burner is screwed into the gas supply pipe b. e is a chainber or tube
through which the pipe extends and which is connected by radial tubes d with a
perforated annular chamber e. In the lower end of the tube c is secured, by means
of a bayonet-joint or in any other convenient manner, a cone or deflector f, made of
steatite or other suitable refractory material. Beneath this cone or deflector, is a
disc or nut which is screwed upon the hollow stem of the burner a and serves as a
lock-nut for securing the said burner in any position to which it may be adjusted.
Through the space between the underside of this disc or nut and the turned up
edge a of the burner a, the gas passes so as to produce an annular flame. The size
of this flame can be regulated by the relative adjustment of the burner a and disc
or nut q.
The lamp is provided with a glass globe h, which is supported by a metal ring h
connected at one side by a binge-joint to the main casting or body of the lamp and
secured thereto at the other side by a suitable fastening.
j is a dome-shaped casing secured to the main casting or body of the lamp. The
inner wall of this casing is perforated at its upper end, as at j', and serves as the
chimney of the lamp. The space between the two walls of the said casing forms a
ventilating passage, which is in communication at its lower end with the annular
chamber e, and at its upper end with the passage for the induced current through a
cowl constructed upon the injector principle. This cowl is mounted upon a
pivot and is provided with a vane m so that it will turn automatically to accom-
inodate itself to the direction in which the carriage is travelling.
The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows, viz. The gas issuing
from the burner a, when ignited, produces an annular flame which impinges against
the cone or deflector f. The products of combustion pass upward around the tubes d

page_text: and through the apertures ¹ into and through the cowl k. Air is drawn from the
upper part of the railway-carriage into the annular chamber e, and a portion of this
air is drawn through the tubes d and e and flows from the cone or deflector f in such
a manner that it impinges upon the flame from the burner a, the said air serving,
moreover, to keep the said cone or deflector cool. The air as it flows through the
tubes d, c, and the gas as it flows through the pipe b, are, on their passage to the
burner a and cone or deflector, heated by the products of combustion, thus
promoting the combustion of the gas and intensifying the light. Air is also drawn
from the annular chamber e through the ventilating passage between the walls
of the casing, by the action of the cowl while the railway-carriage is in
motion.
It will be seen that the burner a and cone or deflector fare so arranged that they
can be very readily removed and replaced should they become worn or damaged.
The parts of the lamp may be enamelled where necessary or desirable.
I find it advantageous to insert between the lamp and the roof of the carriage
one or more sheets or pieces of asbestos or an asbestos composition.
My improved lamp can be advantageously used, with or without the ventilator,
as a roof-lamp for railway-carriages, or for other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The combination of a regenerating gas-lamp and a ventilator, substantially
as hereinbefore described and for the purposes specified.
Second. The combination of an adjustable burner for producing an annular
flame, and a cone or deflector through which heated air is supplied to the said
burner, substantially as, and for the purpose, above specified.
Third. A regenerating gas-lamp constructed with an annular flame burner, and
with a cone or deflector above the same connected with a tube which surrounds the
gas supply pipe and which is connected by other tubes with a perforated annular
chamber for the supply of air to the flame through the said cone or deflector, sub-
stantially as herein before described.
Fourth. The combination, with a gas-lamp, of a pivoted cowl arranged above the
chimney of the said lamp and above a ventilating passage surrounding the same,
substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Fifth. The improved lighting and ventilating apparatus constructed substantially
as described with reference to the accompanying drawing, and operating as, and
for the purposes, above specified.
Dated the 6th day of May 1892.
Dated the 6th day of May 1892.
W. G. POTTER.
D. Young & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.