Improvements in Tumbler Carts.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tumbler Carts.
I, ROBERT WADSWORTH of The Patent Wheel, Waggon and Implement Works,
Thomas Street, Halifax, in the County of York, Wheel Manufacturer and Maker
of Vans, Waggons, Sanitary Implements &c., do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates
Firstly To a novel construction of body or tank for what are known as
"tumbler" carts, which are used for the conveyance of slop, mud, mortar, night
soil, and other substances, the object of which is to reduce the weight on the
horses back.
Secondly-To a novel means by which the tank body of these carts can be
quickly, and most easily turned over for the purpose of discharging the contents, and
can be brought back into position again afterwards.
In carrying out my improvements I construct the body or tank of these carts in
such manner that when it is suspended on the axle or on pivots, which is
immaterial, a greater portion of the contents will be on the side of the axle or
pivots furthest from the horse than on the other side, which I effect by making the
body or tank narrower at the part nearest to the horse, either tapering from the
centre or right from the hinder end.
The reverse way of the body or tank is of the usal shape either semi-cylindrical
or semi-elliptical with a "flat" top or "peaked " top as desired.
Hitherto the bodies or tanks of these carts have been of equal width both at the
front and back, and to turn over the same to discharge the contents, it has been
necessary to employ a windlass, or other mechanical device mounted on the shafts
by which the horse draws the cart, and the weight has thus hung heavily on the
horse, which has been a great disadvantage to these carts.
By my improvements no mechanical device of any kind is required for turning
over the body or tank, all that is necessary is to release a catch which holds the
body in position and the same will automatically turn over, but as a means for
controlling the turning over of my improved "tumbler" cart body or tank, also
for turning over other kinds of "tumbler" cart bodies, I attach the body or tank
to the wheels of the cart in any well known manner but preferably by pinion or
ratchet wheels secured to the inner end of the cart wheel naves, and by pawls
attached to the body or tank either on one, or both sides; and when on both sides,
the pawls have a lever formed thereon, and by coupling rods are connected to a
rocking bar which crosses the front of the body or tank, by which the pawls can be
instantly put into gear with the pinion or ratchet wheels on the cart wheel naves, or
lifted therefrom.
Many other ways might be described for attaching the bodies or tanks of
"tumbler" carts to the cart wheels and I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to any particular means for doing this so long as the effect is obtained
namely as the cart is pushed backwards the body or tank when attached to the
cart wheels will turn over and discharge the contents, and by pulling the cart the
reverse way, the body or tank will be brought into position for travelling.
Februar 14th 1802

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tumbler Carts.
I, ROBERT WADSWORTH of The Patent Wheel, Waggon and Implement
Works, Thomas Street, Halifax, in the County of York, Wheel Manufacturer,
and Maker of Vans, Waggons, Sanitary Implements &c., do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
.particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates
Firstly To a novel construction of body or tank for what are known as
"tumbler " carts, which are used for the conveyance of slop, mud, mortar, night
soil, and other substances, the object of which is to reduce the weight on the horses
back.
Secondly-To a novel means by which the tank body of these carts can be
quickly and most easily turned over for the purpose of discharging the contents,
and can be brought back into position again afterwards.
In carrying out my improvements I construct the body or tank of these carts in
such manner that when it suspended on the axle or on pivots, which is immaterial,
a greater portion of the contents will be on the side of the axle or pivots furthest
from the horse than on the other side, which I effect by making the body or tank
narrower at the part nearest to the horse, either tapering from the centre or right
from the hinder end. The reverse way of the body or tank is of the usual shape
either semi-cylindrical or semi-elliptical with a "Alat top or "peaked" top as
desired.
"
Hitherto the bodies or tanks of these carts have been of equal width both at
the front and back, and to turn over the same to discharge the contents, it has
been necessary to employ a windlass, or other mechanical device mounted on the
shafts by which the horse draws the cart, and the weight has thus hung heavily on
the horse, which has been a great disadvantage to these carts.
By my improvements no mechanical device of any kind is required for turning
over the body or tank, all that is necessary is to release a catch which holds the
body in position and the same will automatically turn over, but as a means for
controlling the turning over of my improved "tumbler" cart body or tank, also
for turning over other kinds of "tumbler" cart bodies, I attach the body or tank
to the wheels of the cart in any well known manner, but preferably by pinion or
toothed wheels secured to the inner end of the cart wheel naves, and by pawls
attached to the body or tank, either on one or both sides; and when on both sides,
the pawls have a lever placed thereon, and by coupling rods are connected to a
rocking bar, which crosses the front of the body or tank, by which the pawls can
be instantly put into gear with the pinion or toothed wheels on the cart wheel
naves, or lifted therefrom. Many other ways might be described for attaching the
bodies or tanks of tumbler carts to the cart wheels, and I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to any particular means for doing this, so long as the
effect is obtained, namely, as the cart is pushed backwards the body or tank when
released from the shafts and attached or locked to the cart wheels will turn over
and discharge the contents, and by pulling the cart the reverse way, the body or
tank will be brought into position again for travelling.
.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side elevation of a tumbler cart,
showing the means I employ for attaching or locking the body or tank to the
wheels.
Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of a tumbler cart showing the manner or shape in
which I construct the bodies or tanks of these carts, also showing the detail of my
device for attaching or locking the bodies or tanks to the wheels.
Fig. 3 is also a side elevation of a tumbler cart showing my locking device out of
gear.

page_text: Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, represents separate parts of which my locking device 18
composed.
The letters of reference in all these figures indicate corresponding parts, A is the
body or tank, which at the back B. B is of a corresponding width with the middle
part C. C, but at the front part D. D. it is made narrower tapering from the middle
part C. C, or the body may be made tapering from the back B. B. right away to
the front D. D. as shown by Fig. 10.
The reverse way of the body or tank is of the usual shape. The body or tank A
is suspended on the axle E which is passed through the middle and projects out at
each side, on the ends of which the wheels F rotate. On the inner ends of the
wheel naves B a toothed ring G is fixed, and on each side of the body or tank A a
stud H is fixed immediately over the axle E. On each of the studs H a toothed
pawl J is made to slide up and down, so that it can be placed in gear with the
toothed ring G on the wheel naves B or lifted therefrom instantly, by means of
the rocking bar K, levers L, and coupling rods M, the hand wheel N acting also as
an eccentric to hold the pawls J out of gear. For holding the pawls J in gear
when so placed, a spiral spring O is placed on the upper part of each pawl, said
parts being supported by iron stays P bolted against each side of the body or
tank A.
Fig. 11. is a side elevation of a tumbler cart, showing a modification of my
device for locking the body or tank to the wheels, and Fig. 12 is a plan or top view
of my improved tumbler cart showing the detail of said modification. As will be
seen by the drawings I adhere to the toothed pawl J and the toothed ring G
previously described, but I dispense with the rocking bar K, levers L, coupling rods M
and hand wheel N and in lieu of same I make a hole in each side of the body or
tank A, through which a bar of iron I is passed, on one end of which is a short
lever Q, and on the other end the lever R is secured, by pressing down which, the
toothed pawl J on each side of the body or tank A are lifted out of gear with the
toothed ring G, and so held by the catch S.
Fig. 13 is a side elevation of a tumbler cart, and shows the modification just
described, with the toothed pawls J in gear with the toothed ring G.
Fig. 14 is also a side elevation of a tumbler cart, showing another modification
of my improved means for attaching or locking the bodies or tanks to the wheels.
In this modification I dispense with the teeth on the pawl J previously described,
also I dispense with the toothed ring G previously described and instead of the
toothed ring G I place a plain hoop on the inner ends of the wheel naves B' and in
lieu of teeth on the pawls J I secure a segment of wood, leather, or other suitable
material. By an arrangement some what similar to that shown in Fig. 11 of a bar
of iron I being passed through the body or tank A, having a short lever Q at one
end, which is coupled to the pawl on the side of the cart known as the off side, and
on the other end of said bar is placed a lever T with slot holes at each end, one
end of this lever is coupled to the pawl U on the side of the cart known as the near
side, the other end of the lever being connected to a nut on a screw V, on the upper
end of which a hand wheel W is placed, and by turning the hand wheel the pawls U
can be forced against the hoops on the wheel naves B sufficiently tight as to lock
the body or tank A to the wheels F.
When required this arrangement can be used as a brake to retard the wheels
when descending hills or steep gradients.
Fig. 15 is another side elevation of a tumbler cart, showing another means I
O propose to make use of for locking the bodies or tanks A to the wheels F.
In this arrangement a bar of iron is passed through the body or tank immediately
above the axle E, the said bar of iron having a short lever at one end, and a crank
lever X on the other end; to the said bar ends, short lever, and L crank lever X,
iron or steel laps Y with segments of wood or other suitable material secured
5 thereto, are coupled, and by a screw Z which is mounted on the near side of the
body or tank A, the wood segments on the iron or steel laps Y can be made to clasp

page_text: tightly around the hoops on the inner ends of the wheel naves B' and thereby lock
the body or tank A to the wheels F.
When required this arrangement can also be used as a brake for retarding the
wheels when descending hills or steep gradients.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. Constructing the bodies or tanks of tumbler carts with the front part
narrower than the rest, either tapering from the middle or tapering from back to
front, substantially as herein described and shown by the drawings.
2nd. Attaching or locking the bodies or tanks of tumbler carts to the wheels,
substantially as and for the purposes herein described, and shown by the
drawings.
Dated this 15th day of November 1893.
ROBERT WADSWORTH.