Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Nov.. 1888
ՍԱՆՍԱՆ Մ կ Ասը,
I ALFRED CBAPMAN, of the firm of Fawcett, Preston and Company of 17 York
Street, Liverpool, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to. be as
follows:-
My invention has reference to apparatus for evaporating saccharine or other
solutions or liquids by double, triple or multiple effect.
In working apparatus of this description it very desirable to have a free exit for
the water produced by the condensation of steam or vapour in the drums of the
various evaporating pans without losing any heat that can be utilized or impairing
the vacuum in the drums and it is also desirable to maintain a free and uninterrupted
circulation through the various pans of the solution or liquid which is being
treated.
Many contrivances have from time to time been designed in order to attain these
objects, but these contrivances have either involved steam traps which have been
found very troublesome, or special pumps for removing and circulating the
condensation waters and the solutions, or again the waters of condensation have
been carried directly to a condenser and their flow into it regulated by means of
valves.
Now according to my invention without the employment of any valves, pumps,
steam traps or other mechanism of any description I make the exit of the condensation
waters from each pan regular and self-adjusting whilst all the heat contained in
these waters that can be utilized for evaporation is availed of and I also maintain a
free and uninterrupted circulation through the pans of the solution or liquid which is
under treatment.

page_text: For the purpose of providing for a free exit for the condensation water I connect a
pipe to the bottom of the steam drum of the first pan at the part where the conden-
sations which ordinarily come out and I carry this pipe down about 25 feet more or
less and then carry it up and connect it to the drum of the second pan at a convenient
height above the bottom so that the water being discharged into this drum may part
with its extra heat. From the exit of the second drum I carry down a similar pipe
which likewise carry up and then connect to the steam drum of the third pan and
so on for any number of pans.
For the purpose of maintaining a free and uninterrupted circulation through the
pans of the solution or liquid under treatment I carry a pipe down from the first pan
about 25 feet more or less and then carry it up to and connect it with the second pan
into which it discharges. Similarly I connect the second pan with the third pan and
so on for any number of pans.
By the means above described 1 obtain a complete and uninterrupted circulation of
the condensation waters on the one hand and of the solution or liquid under treat-
ment on the other without the use of any regulating valves, steam traps or other
mechanical contrivances whilst the pressures in the pans and in the drums are preserved
unimpaired.
It will be desirable to place the pans on a stage 25 feet or more above the ground
level.
Dated this 20th day of February 1888.

page_text: I ALFRED CHAPMAN, of 17 York Street, Liverpool, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention has reference to apparatus for evaporating saccharine or other solutions
or liquids by double, triple or multiple effect. In working apparatus of this description
it is very desirable to have a free exit for the water produced by the condensation of
steam or vapor in the drums of the various evaporating pans without losing any heat
that can be utilized or impairing the vacuum in the drums and it is also desirable to
maintain a free and uninterrupted circulation through the various pans of the solution
or liquid which is being treated.
Many contrivances have from time to time been designed in order to attain these
objects, but these contrivances have either involved steam traps which have been found
very troublesome, or special pumps for removing and circulating the condensation
waters and the solutions, or again the waters of condensation have been carried
directly to a condenser and their flow into it regulated by means of valves.
Now according to my invention without the employment of any valves, pumps,
steam traps, or other mechanism of any description I make the exit of the condensation
waters from each drum regular and self-adjusting whilst all the heat contained in these
waters that can be utilized for evaporation is availed of, and I also maintain a free and
uninterrupted circulation from pan to pan of the solution or liquid which is under
treatment.
For the purpose of providing for a free exit for the condensation water from each
drum I connect a pipe to the bottom of the steam drum of the first pan at the part
where the condensations would ordinarily come out and I carry this pipe down about
25 feet more or less and then carry it up and connect it to the drum of the second
pan at a convenient height above the bottom so that the water being discharged into
this drum may part with its extra heat. From the exit of the second drum I carry
down a similar pipe which 1 likewise carry up and then connect to the steam drum of
the third pan and so on for any number of pans. These pipes form what may be
called inverted syphons.
.
For the purpose of maintaining a free and uninterrupted circulation through the
pans of the solution or liquid under treatment I carry a pipe down from the first pan
about 20 feet more or less and then carry it up to and connect it with the second pan
into which it discharges. Similarly I connect the second pan with the third pan and
so on for any number of pans. These pipes likewise form inverted syphons.
By the means above described I obtain a complete and uninterrupted circulation of

page_text: the condensation waters on the one hand and of the solution or liquid under treatment
on the other without the use of any regulating valves, steam traps or other mechanical
contrivances whilst the pressures in the pans and in the drums are preserved
unimpaired.
It will be desirable to place the pans on a stage 25 feet or more above the ground
level.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is a vertical section shewing the application of
my improvements to a set of three pans constituting a triple effect apparatus.
a, a, as are the three pans and 61, 62, 63 their three steam drums fitted with the ordinary
tubes through which the solution or liquid under treatinent flows. is the
pipe by which steam is supplied to the first pan. d² and d³ are the pipes which convey
the vapor from the top of the first and second pans respectively to the steam drums of
the second and third pans. To the bottom of the steam drum ¹ of the first
connect a pipe e and carry it down about 25 feet, more or less, as shown;
carry it
pan
then
and connect it, as seen at ', to the drum of the second pan so that the
condensation waters from the first drum are discharged into the second drum and part
with their extra heat. From the bottom of the second drum 12 I carry down a similar
pipe e which likewise carry up as seen at 7 and then connect to the steam drum ³
of the third pan. To the bottom of the steam drum of the third or last pan I connect
a pipe e leading to a condenser or otherwise. It will thus he seen that the exit of
the condensation waters from each drum is regular while all the heat contained in
them that can be utilized for evaporation is availed of.
is the inlet for the solution or liquid to be treated to the first pan a'. To the
bottom of the pan which the solution reaches after passing through the tubes c¹ I
connect a pipe which I carry down about 20 feet, more or less, as shown, and then
carry up as seen at 4 and connect with the second pan into which it discharges at. f2.
Similarly I connect the second pan with the third pan by a pipe g2 and continuation k².
From the bottom of the third or last pan 1 carry a pipe to a reservoir or otherwise.
By the above arrangement a free and uninterrupted circulation of the solution from pan
to pan is maintained.
If it be thought more convenient the pipes e¹, e² and g¹, g², down which the
condensations and the solution respectively flow, may be placed within the pipes or
continuations, and k³, 12 respectively so far as they extend together; the conden-
sations and solution will then flow up the annular spaces between the inner and outer
pipes. The pipes for conveying the condensation waters will of course be covered
where exposed with nonconducting material in order to prevent loss of heat.
Figure represents my present invention applied to an apparatus in which the
solution or liquid under treatment enters each pan below the drum instead of above
the drum, as in Figure 1 and in which there is only one pipe ; h², h³ for the down-
flow of the solution after the same has flowed up the tubes c', c², c. The pipes,², h³
are connected directly to the pipes g', 92, g³. Letters of reference the same as those in
Figure 1 indicate corresponding parts.
If the liquid space of the pan be separated into two or more divisions there would
be a corresponding number of downflow pipes h,, ; each of these would deliver
the solution to the bottom of the next division of the same pan except the last which
would be connected to the down pipe g¹, g² or y³ of the syphon leading to the
next pan.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim, in
respect of double, triple or multiple effect apparatus for evaporating saccharine or
other solutions or liquids, is :-
1. Connecting the lower part of the steam drum of each pan (except the last of the
set) with the steam drum of the next pan by means of an inverted syphon or pipe
carried down some distance below the pans whereby the condensation waters have a
free and regular exit from each drum to the next drum, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.

page_text: 2. Connecting the lower part of each pan (except the last of the set) with the next
pan by means of an inverted syphon or pipe carried down some distance below the
pans whereby a free and uninterrupted circulation from pan to pan of the solution or
liquid under treatment is maintained, substantially as set forth.
3. A double, triple or multiple effect apparatus in which the steam drums of the
several pans are connected together by inverted syphons and the several pans are also
connected together by inverted syphions, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
4. Constructing double triple or multiple effect evaporating apparatus as herein-
before described and represented in the annexed drawings.
Dated : 201.. & Antahan 1400
J. C. MEWBURN,
169, Fleet Street, London,
Agent.