A NEW LUBRICATING MATERIAL CONSISTING OF SOLIDIFIED PETROLEUM
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon
and Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, for the
Invention of "A NEW LUBRICATING MATERIAL CONSISTING OF SOLIDIFIED
PETROLEUM." -A communication from abroad by George Goldsmith,
of 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris.
Sealed. the 11th February 1876, and dated the 19th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-
Brown at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 19th August 1875.
I, WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-.
Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 3S, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A NEW LUBRICATING MATERIAL CONSISTING OF
SOLIDIFIED PETROLEUM," to be as follows:-
This Invention of a new lubricating material consisting of solidified

page_text: petroleum, consists in giving to the petroleum a sufficient consistence,.
like lard or grease, to enable it to be applied like those substances to
lubricating railway axles and other machinery.
The Invention consists in solidifying the petroleum by the use of
substances such as the bark of the tree of the quillaya, known in
commerce as bark of the panama tree, or any other equivalent sub-
stances which will have the effect of solidifying petrolcum.
The bark as above is made into a decoction, or a decoction of the soap
plant or bark of the stringy bark tree is used varying in its strength as
to the solidification required, and when mixed with the petroleum it 1
quickly solidifies into a new, cheap, and useful lubricator.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue
Gaillon, Paris, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of August, in the year:
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Morgan-Brown, Her special license
that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A NEW LUBRICATING MATERIAL CONSISTING OF SOLIDIFIED PETROLEUM," a com-
munication to me from abroad by George Goldsmith, of 13, Rue Gaillon,

page_text: Paris, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Morgan-Brown, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
This Invention of a new lubricating material consisting of solidified
petroleum, consists in giving to the petroleum a sufficient consistence,
like lard or grease, to enable it to be applied like those substances to
lubricating railway axles and other machinery.
The Invention consists in solidifying the petroleum by the use of
substances such as the bark of the tree of the quillaya, known in
commerce as bark of the panama tree, or any other equivalent sub-
stances which will have the effect of solidifying petroleum.
The bark as above is made into a decoction, or a decoction of the soap
plant or bark of the stringy bark tree is used varying in its strength as
to the solidification required, and when mixed with the petroleum it
quickly solidifies into a new, cheap, and useful lubricator.
It depends upon some principle found so far as I have been able to
determine in greatest abundence in the bark of the quillaya saponaria, a
native of Mexico. This bark is I believe known in commerce as bark of
the panama tree, or perhaps not correctly quercus quillaya of Chili. It
also exists in the stalks and the roots of the saponaria sapendrus
indicus, an allied plant, the saponaria officinalis, grows in Europe.
There is also the bark of a stringy bark trec, and probably as the quillaya
bark is the best source of the substance saponin, the principle of
solidifying the petroleum may consist in the substance saponin. If this
be so there are many substances from which it may be obtained, and
which would probably answer the same purpose, but so far as I am

page_text: acquainted with the means of converting-petroleum,-I-find-the-quillaya.
bark the best, and I take 1 lb. of the bark andboil it in about 5 lbs. of
water, and let it boil till reduced to about 1½ lbs. of liquid.
The method of converting the petroleum is this, which will be more
readily explained on the small scale :-In an 8 oz. bottle place a table-
spoonful of petroleum, add a few drops of the above solution, the
quantity depends on the quality of the bark, and shake it violently; in a
minute or so it will set firmly, then add a little more petroleum, and so
on till the desired consistence is acquired. With some qualities of bark
I have found 4½ litres of good decoction sufficient for 100 kilos. of
petroleum.
. For the purposes of commercial manufacture or conversion machinery
will be required for agitating the petroleum and combining the decoction
'with it, but the principle is set forth in preceding instructions which
can readily be applied on the scale desired.
It is so well known how greatly all the chemical properties or value
of substances to be obtained from the barks of commerce vary, that it
would be impossible to give exact quantities to procure, certain effects.
Each bale of bark will probably give different results, and can only in a
commercial point of view be worked out practically, as in the case of so
many original raw products, never gathered at like seasons or treated or
cared for after gathering in the like manner, and frequently exposed
to influences that wash away every particle of the active principle in
them.
It will also be readily understood that the kind of petroleum may
affect the results, and I have not succeeded better with any special kind
at present than the ordinary petroleum of commerce.
Having now described and particularly set forth the best manner I am
acquainted with of putting this Invention into practice, I would have it
understood that what I claim and desire to secure in the herein in part
T
Dabaut in

page_text: Secondly. The use of the organic agents and the agitation with
petroleum as described to produce a solidified petroleum, substantially
as described for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-six.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)