CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH HOT WATER APPARATUS FOR WARMING ROOMS
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Feb., 1887.
1. FREDERICK MILAN, of Lockwood near Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Hot Water
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
CONNECTED WITH HOT WATER APPARATUS FOR WARMING ROOMS to be as follows:-
Hot water apparatus consisting of piping has hitherto been composed of pipes
formed round in cross-section, but according to my invention I form such pipes flat,
oval, or D shaped in cross section whereby a great saving of space in width is
obtained, which in many cases is of great advantage, as the space they now occupy is
the cause of many places being now without hot water apparatus.
These flat, oval, or D shaped pipes may if required be employed in combination
with round pipes, and may be placed in the intervening spaces left between the round
pipes.
Where rooms are warmed by means of piping placed in contact with the skirting
or washboards around a room these flat oval, or D shaped pipes will be found of great
advantage, as they not only occupy less room, but they may be made ornamental so as
to form a moulding to the washboard.
::
To increase the heating surface of these pipes 1 make them corrugated.
In order to utilize hot water apparatuses having my improved section of pipe added
thereto, so that all possible heat may be gathered and thrown off into the room or
building I arrange a series of these improved pipes horizontally and place a second
series behind, leaving small intervening spaces between the two, into which spaces
arrange vertically another series of my improved pipes. Hoi water is made to circulate
through the horizontal pipes and the heat radiating therefrom will warm the vertical
pipes and the air passing therethrough will enter the room and be heated thereby.
The air pipes are made to taper from top to bottom so that the hot air therein
is free to expand. The lower or smallest end of the air pipes is in connection with a
cold air chamber for supplying air thereto.
I also place a box into the air chamber containing disinfectant, so that the air
becomes impregnated before it enters the atmosphere, and will form a disinfectant.

page_text: Certain Improvements Connected with Hot Water Apparatus
for Warming Rooms.
I, FREDERICK MILAN of Lockwood near Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Hot Water
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Hot water apparatus consisting of piping, has hitherto been composed of pipes
circular in cross-section, but according to my invention I form such pipes flat, oval,
or D shaped in cross-section, whereby a great saving of space in width is obtained
which in many cases is of great advantage as the space they now occupy is the cause
of many places being now without hot water apparatus.
In order that my invention may be more fully understood, reference is herein made
to the accompanying drawings illustrative thereof.
Fig. 1. is elevation and Fig. 2. cross-section of one form of my improved hot water
or steam pipe which it will be seen is made flat. Fig. 3 is cross section of an oval
pipe and Fig. 4. cross section of a D shaped pipe.
By constructing hot water pipes flat, oval, or D shaped, a greater radiating surface
is obtained and consequently a larger amount of heat is thrown into the room, with
the use of much less water or steam than is possible with the present round pipes.
The increased radiating surface obtained by my improved construction of pipe will
also lessen the quantity of piping at present required for heating rooms or buildings.
These flat, oval or D shaped pipes, may, if required, be employed in combination
with round pipes, and may be placed in the intervening spaces left. between the round
pipes. Where rooms are warmed by means of piping placed in contact with the
skirting or washboards around the room, these flat, oval or D shaped pipes will be
found of great advantage, as they not only occupy less room, but they may be made
ornamental so as to form a "moulding to the washboard, and in some cases the flat
pipe is made to represent wood skirting as shown in Fig. 7 by means of which the
ordinary wood skirting will be dispensed with, but instead thereof obtain the
combined advantages of a skirting and heating medium.
::
To increase the radiating surface of my improved pipes I make them corrugated.
In order to utilize hot water apparatuses having my improved section of pipe added
thereto, so that all possible heat may be gathered and thrown off into the room or
building, I arrange a series of these improved pipes horizontally, and place a second
series behind, leaving small intervening spaces between the two, into which spaces I
arrange vertically another series of my improved pipes.
This part of my invention is shewn in Figs. 5 and 6 which are perspective view and
cross section respectively of a hot water or steam apparatus having my improved
section of pipe connected thereto. A are my improved hot water or steam pipes
which are arranged in one, two or more series, one series being placed a short distance
behind the other, so as to leave a small space between. The pipes in each series are
arranged horizontally one above the other, and their ends terminate in side chambers B.
Between the two series of pipes A are also placed vertically, another series of my
improved shaped pipes C, the lower ends of which are in connection with air chambers D,

page_text: for supplying cold air thereto whilst the upper ends of said pipes are open to the
atmosphere.
Hot water or steam is supplied to either of the chambers B in any suitable manner;
and from thence it circulates through the horizontal pipes A in each series; the heat
radiating therefrom warms the vertical pipes C and therefore heats the cold air
entering therein from the air chamber D, whereby a large amount of hot air is thrown
into the room or building from the said pipes C in addition to the heat radiated by the
pipes A. The pipes A may be placed vertically instead of horizontally and arranged
in a circle-thereby forming an ornamental stove for radiating heat.
The vertical air or pneumatic pipes are made to taper being smaller at the bottom
than the top so that cold air entering the said pipes at the bottom becomes gradually
heated and is free to expand. Instead of employing a number of pipes C for
receiving and distributing hot air to the atmosphere, one pipe or chamber can be
employed for the same purpose, having division plates therein, such said pipe extending
the width of the apparatus. Although I have described and shewn the hot water
apparatus in combination with the vertical pneumatic pipes C, it will be understood
that such apparatus can be made without the said pipes when so required.
In connection with the cold air chamber D I may place a small tray or box a
containing a disinfectant, so that the air passing through the said chamber becomes
impregnated with the disinfectant, and when it has been conducted through the pipes C,
it is thrown into the room and disenfects the atmosphere. Cold air is admitted to the
chamber in any suitable manner, the quantity admitted being regulated by any
suitable slide or damper arrangement.
The hot water apparatus constructed as above described may be used in connection
with my improved section of pipe or with existing round pipes, where such pipes are
arranged round the rooms or buildings; or my improved section of pipe can be placed
round the rooms or building and connected to the existing hot water or steam
apparatus. The pneumatic pipes and the cold air chamber D may be connected to
existing water or steam apparatus.
Fig. 8 shews the application of my improved oval pipes to another form of heating
apparatus where A are the oval pipes connected to top and bottom chamber E supplied
with water by pipes bande from the boiler G heated either by gas or oil. Within the
oval pipes A are inner pipes H the outer ends of each pipes H being in connection
with the atmosphere. As the annular space between the inner pipe H and the outer
pipe A is full of hot water it follows that the inner pipe becomes hot so that air
passing through the said pipe gets warm and throws off heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
Firstly The formation or construction of pipes either flat, oval or D shape in
cross section for radiating heat substantially as described and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3
and 4.
Secondly The combination of a pipe such as shewn in Fig. 7 which answers the
double purpose of a wash board in rooms, and for radiating heat.
Thirdly The construction of hot water apparatus composed of my improved
section of pipes A as shewn in Figs. 5 and 6 either separately or in combination with
the pneumatic pipes C and air box D.
Fourthly In combination with the heating apparatus consisting of pipes A,
pneumatic pipes C, and air chamber D, of a tray or box a containing disinfectant for
disinfecting the atmosphere substantially as described.