IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING HEAT DURING THE MANUFACTURING OF COKE, AND APPLYING SUCH HEAT TO VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EUGENE
BAZILE, of Rouen, in the Kingdom of France, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Seventh day of December, in the tenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Eugene Bazile, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Eugene Bazile, my exors, adñors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,. use, exercise,
and vend the said Invention within that part of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland called England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick
upon Tweed, and the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man,
and all Her Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OBTAINING HEAT DURING THE MANUFACTURING OF COKE, AND APPLYING SUCH HEAT
TO VARIOUS PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that
I, the said Eugene Bazile, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.

page_text: Eugene Bazile, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thercon, that is to say :-
The principal of the Invention consists of the general mode of arranging the
apparatus in the form given to the furnace, in the arrangement of the galleries
or flues, in their proportions, and in the mode of introducing the-air, and in the
general arrangement of the different parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The letters A, A, B, B, B, in the Drawing represent a boiler and three
branch boilers, the dimensions of which are calculated so as to absorb all the
heat which escapes from the retort or oven, these branch boilers being kept
apart from each other so as to offer a greater amount of surface for the heat to
act upon. The longitudinal section in the Drawings shows only one boiler, in
order to avoid complexity; but the apparatus is composed of several boilers,
yet arranged in such manner that each receives the heat from the oven. The
object and advantage of this division is, that in case of accident to any of them
the repairs may be effected without stopping the working of the others. The
division of the ovens is necessary for the production of good coke. Heretofore
some engineers have placed several ovens under a single boiler, without re-
flecting that all ovens will not work with the same regularity when the flues
are common in all, the flame and products in such case passing out in a red
and charged state, instead of bearing a white character, which is always
obtained by the use of my apparatus.
C, C, is the coke oven. The form of it, will be seen, is different in all its
parts from those now in use, and this form will be found calculated to produce
the effect proposed. The arch is nearly flat, or eliptical, in order that the rays
of heat may fall perpendicularly on the coal, which should be equally acted
upon in all its parts, so as to insure the coke being properly made. The sides
of the oven are formed of straight lines. For the same object the bottom of the
oven is slightly round, in order to reflect back the rays of heat, which have a
tendency to scatter; by this means the smoke will be concentrated and pass
several times over the clear fire. The upper part of the oven is of a moderate
thickness, in order that the heat may be more readily given off to the boiler
placed upon the top thereof. This arrangement is of great importance; it
causes no obstacle to the circulation of the heat, and also protects the boilers.

page_text: from the action of the nrc, and against the sudden shocks arising from acci-
lental inequalities in the combustion of the fuel.
D, D, is the brickwork or body of the furnace.
E is the door of the furnace; it is made of metal, lined with fire bricks, and
supported by an iron frame. The door is inclined in its position, the object of
which is to keep it closed by its own weight, and to throw back the rays of heat
perpendicularly upon the mass of fuel. This door has two small apertures or
wickets in it, with slides which open more or less, as may be required, when
atmospheric air is to be introduced.
F, G, are the upper and lower flues leading to the chimneys.
II is the passage for the atmospheric air.
K is a regulating damper. The introduction of atmospheric air at the
back part of the oven is the most important part of this Invention, and deserves,
whether for its principle or application, particular attention. The introduction
of air at the door of the oven serves to regulate the combustion of the fuel,
but the introduction of air at the back of the oven forces back the smoke on
to the fire, by which a greater portion of it becomes consumed. The flame
thus obtained is in a purer state, and the great loss of coke which would take
place from the introduction of air through the opening of the door avoided; it
also keeps the sides of the oven cool, and in combination with the means of
letting in air by the apertures or wickets of the door in the oven, it serves to
produce good coke, and at the same time, aids in rendering the heat obtained
applicable to every useful purpose of the Invention.
I are the flues through which the heat may be drawn off' when it becomes
too intense.
J is a regulating valve or damper for regulating the working of the oven,
and also for directing the course of the waste heat when not required to be
applied to the boilers.
L, L, are passages underneath to keep the bottom of the oven from the
ground.
The mode of working the Invention is as follows:-The coal intended to be
made into coke is to be placed in the retort or oven, and fire applied thereto
in the ordinary manner. The door of the retort or oven is then to be her-
metically closed; at the same time the closing should be done in such a manner
that when required, air may be admitted therein through the small apertures
in the door, and as soon as the mass of fuel is ignited the heat will be given
off, and will affect the boiler placed in connection therewith. The combustion
of the fuel from which the coke is made may be encreased or decreased by the
opening or shutting of the small apertures in the door of the retort or oven,

page_text: and when the mass of fuel is brought into a state of coke all the apertures are
to be closed, and the coke allowed gradually to cool, when it may be withdrawn
in the ordinary manner, and fresh fuel supplied. The size of the retort or
oven shewn in the Drawing is the size calculated to make coke in twenty-four
hours, but these sizes may be varied according to circumstances.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details, so long as the peculiar character of the Invention be re-
tained; but what I claim is, first, the mode of introducing air at the back of
the oven; and, secondly, I claim the mode of arranging the door of the oven
for the introduction of atmospheric air,, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Eugene Bazile, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
I, James Molyneux Taylor, of Number 11, Furnival's Inn, London, Gen-
tleman, make oath and say, that I am acquainted with the manner and
character of the handwriting of Edward Decaën, Her Majesty's Vice Consul
at Rouen, in the Kingdom of France; and I further say that the signature,
E. Decaën, set, subscribed, and written in the margin of the Specification
hereunto annexed, marked (A.), and dated the Thirty-first day of May now last
past, and purporting to be executed by Eugene Bazile, of Rouen aforesaid,
Manufacturer, whereby it is stated that the Specification was acknowledged
by him, the said Eugene Bazile, before the said Edward Decaën, on the
said Thirty-first day of May last past, at Rouen aforesaid, is, in the judg-