Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Material for Packing Articles, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th May, 1800
Complete Specification Left. 11th June, 1896-Accepted. 11th July, 1896
Daic
COLIT
Complete Specification Left. 11th June, 1896-Accepted, 11th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Material for
Packing Articles, and Apparatus therefor.
I, JOHN NEWTON BEACH, of 24 and 25 Hart Street Bloomsbury, London,
W.C., Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This improvement relates to the manufacture of packing materials having
transverse passages through them. A familiar example of this kind of packing
material is the one made by pasting a corrugated strip of paper to a plain strip of
paper, or to two plain strips of paper.
The improvement consists in pasting or cementing together the component parts
of the packing material, and then passing the same along a heated surface or
between heated surfaces, the sides of the material being uncovered so that vapors
may escape.
The improvement also involves the use of adhesive material in an uncooked
state, so that it will be cooked and dried from the heated surface or surfaces just
mentioned.
The improvement also consists in the combination with a heated part or parts
for drying packing material, of mechanism for imparting to such material a
suitable feed, which preferably will be intermittent. Where two heating parts are
employed, they will preferably have combined with them, or with one of them,
means for periodically separating them. The means for moving the packing
material along may be rollers appropriately rotated, or a reciprocating gripping
device. When rollers are used, it will be advantageous to move one away from
the other each time the feeding of the packing material is suspended, for thus
objectionable indentations in the packing material will be avoided. Means for
automatically controiling the operation of the mechanism described, so that they
will suit different conditions, and devices for cutting the packing material into
pieces, are also comprised in the improvement.
Dated this 28th day of May 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Material for
Packing Articles, and Apparatus therefor.
I, JOHN NEWTON BEACH of 24 and 25 Hart Street Bloomsbury, London,
W.C., Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This improvement relates to the applying and securing of a sheet, or strip,
forming a backing, to a body portion composed of corrugated or fluted paper, and
a machine for carrying the operation into effect.
The improvement further embodies a machine in which the backing is applied

page_text: and secured to the body portion, and the board subsequently divided into portions
of determinate length. The improvement is also directed towards the production
of a machine in which these various operations are performed automatically.
An apparatus for the manufacture of corrugated or cellular board will be
described, in which are embodied the features of the invention, and the novelty
then pointed out in a claim.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus embodying the improvement.
Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, certain of the upper parts being broken away,
the better to show the construction of parts situated underneath.
Figure 3 is an edge view of the product manufactured by the machine.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all figures.
The present apparatus is especially designed as a means for applying and securing
a backing B, see Figure 3, to one face of stock consisting of a corrugated or fluted
paper sheet or strip C, to whose opposite face there is fastened an auxiliary
backing A'.
At the left of the machine proper is shown the pasting mechanism, comprising a
paste supply roller D, conveniently journaled at the ends of a trough D', and
having its lower periphery dipping beneath the surface of the adhesive material
contained in said trough. Standards a offer a convenient support for the
trough D'.
The stock to which the backing is to be applied is shown as passing from a
delivery drum A, journaled in the standards a, but of course it may pass directly
from the stock forming machine.
'
The stock passes over a supporting drum D', journaled in brackets adjacent the
pasting mechanism, and to the raised portions of the corrugations the adhesive is
applied by means of a spreading roller D3 bearing against the periphery of the
supply roller D2 and the outer surface of the corrugations. D is an auxiliary
roller suitably mounted to rub against the surface of the spreading roller D³ for
the purpose of removing the surplus paste therefrom.
In the present example of the improvement, the several rollers mentioned and
the drum D are geared together. A driving pulley D is secured to the shaft of
the drum D, whose rotation effects the feeding of the stock.
Passing now, to the machine for finishing and dividing up the completed
product, B designates a suitable framing supporting journal bearings for the
driving shaft H.
E designates an upper and E2 a lower heater, in the present instance consisting
of hollow castings adapted to hold steam, hot water, or other heat supplying
medium. The tacking strip is shown at B passing from a supply drum B¹
mounted in brackets b extending from the machine. The stock with the paste
applied as aforesaid, is delivered from the pasting mechanism, passes over a guide
roller band enters the space between the two heaters E' and E. The backing
strip B is brought down in clcse proximity to the upper surface of the stock as it
passes to the space between the heaters by means of a deflecting roller d.
The stock, and backing strip B are designed to have an intermittent movement
through the machine, their onward movement alternating with periods of rest.
During these latter periods, the stock with the applied backing strip lies in close
relation to the adjacent surfaces of the heaters E and E2, and the drying of the
adhesive is mainly effected.
During the onward movement of the material between the heaters, it is desirable
that the latter should be separated a sufficient distance to permit the free passage
of the material. The heaters are combined with the machine to permit of the
necessary separation.
In the present instance the lower heater E2 is rigidly secured to the frame of
the machine while the upper heater E' is raised and lowered by means of upright
rods G moving freely through apertures in the lower heater and abutting at their
upper extremities against stops G extending from the upper heater.

page_text: Preferably these stops G³ will be adjustable that the time during which the
upper heater is elevated may be varied.
E are adjustable supporting pieces, here shown as screws, by means of which
the upper heater may be leveled, and the distance of its lower surface from the
upper surface of the heater E' regulated.
At its lower extremity each rod G2 is jointed to a link G¹ which extends
downwardly and is pivoted to an arm G extending from a rock shaft G³.
G is an operating arm secured to the rock shaft G and supporting at its outer
extremity a cam roller G' bearing against the periphery of a cam H³, secured to
the driving shaft H. This cam through the interposed mechanism described,
serves to elevate and to hold elevated the upper heater.
It will be seen that the corrugations or flutings of the material extending trans-
versely to the machine, offer special facilities for the escape of the steam generated
from the water of the paste or in the material. The construction of the heaters is
such as not to impede this outflow. By reason of this cellular nature of the
material, drying of the paste takes place in a fraction of the time that would
otherwise be consumed.
L, L are rollers for drawing the material through the machine. The rollers
are operated intermittently, but are held stationary during the return stroke.
Preferably they are separated during the intermissions in the feeding of the
material, so as to prevent them from sinking into the latter and producing a dent
or hollow in the same. Other devices than the rollers may be used for securing
the feeding of the material.
The lower feed roller L³ is journaled in bearings secured in brackets extending
from the framing while the upper feed roller L is journaled in boxes f sliding in
vertical ways. It is apparent that the relative motions of the heaters E', E,
and the feeding rollers L³, L, at any one time should be in opposite directions.
The boxes are therefore suspended from the ends of levers M whose opposite
ends are suitably connected with the movable heater E, or an appurtenance of the
latter. Intermediate of their ends, the levers M are fulcrumed to stationary
uprights M'.
L' is a spur wheel connected to the feeding roller L³ by a pawl and ratchet
connection L, so related to the connected parts as to cause a joint movement of
the wheel and roller in the direction of feed, but a disengagement of the spur
wheel L and roller L³, when the former is rotated in the opposite direction.
A stop pawl L prevents a reverse rotation of the roller L³.
A segmental gear L meshes with the spur wheel L³ and is oscillated upon its
support by means of a link g* connecting it with a crank K extending from the
shaft H. Preferably the crank K will be one with an adjustable throw.
This adjustability may be conveniently secured by means of a sliding block g³
supporting the crank pin and adjustable in guides 9 by means of a screw 9. This
variability in the throw of the crank will permit a variation in the amount of
motion imparted to the drawing rolls L, L³ and consequently the amount of
material delivered at any one time from the machine.
The cutting attachment for severing the material into lengths comprises a
stationary cutter N' and a movable cutter N2, sliding in guides across the length
of the material.
The movement of the cutter N is effected through the medium of links N³
connecting the cutter with arms ², secured to a rock shaft N, the latter being
oscillated by means of a connecting rod N, joining an arm n, extending from the
shaft with a crank K2 extending from the shaft H.
Means are also embodied in the present improvement to cause the automatic
stopping and starting of the machine, the better to preclude any forcible with-
drawal by the feeding rollers L, L, of the material from the pasting mechanism,
at the same time permitting the feeding rollers to be driven at a higher speed
than that at which the material is delivered from the pasting mechanism.
The driving pulley H2 is mounted loosely upon the shaft H and is provided

page_text: with a ratchet toothed portion i whose teeth are adapted to engage with a spring
pressed pawl, carried by an arm 1', rigidly secured to the shaft H.
P is an oscillatory frame secured to a sleeve P fitted to a shaft P', supported
by the frame of the machine and extending toward the pasting mechanism. To
the sleeve P is affixed a short arm H3 adapted to bear against the pawl i¹, when the
frame P2 is left to itself, and hold the same in a disengaging position. Consequently
in this position, the pulley H2 driven by a suitable belt will rotate idly upon the
shaft H.
When, however, so much of the pasted stock has accumulated between the
pasting mechanism and the guide roller 6' that the sag is sufficient to bear upon
the frame P2, the latter is depressed, the arm H³ passes out of contact with the
pawl, and engagement of the latter with the teeth of the pulley H2 takes place.
Motion of the shaft H ensues, and continues until the pasted stock is entirely
lifted from the frame P2. An adjustable counterweight P3 is supplied, preferably
to the rearwardly extending portion of the frame P2.
During the quiescent condition of the shaft H the material remains between the
heaters E, E. It is evident that the duration of this period is dependent upon
the speed of the pasting mechanism, and that by providing means for varying its
speed, a stepped or cone pulley, for instance, the time during which the material
is held between the heaters may be varied.
In the practical operation of the machine, the parts are so proportioned and
related, that the pasted stock feeding continuously from the pasting mechanism,
finally causes the depression of the frame P2 starting the machine in motion. The
upper heater E rises, the upper feeding roller Le descends and the lower feeding
roller L³ is put in rotation. As the shaft H completes its rotation, spur wheel L'
is rotated in the opposite direction, but the manner of its connection with the
lower feeding roller L³ does not permit the reverse movement of the latter.
Simultaneously with this stoppage of the movement of the material, the cutter N'
and the heater E' descend, the upward movement of the upper feeding roller
resulting as well.
It is evident from the manner of operatively connecting the driving pulley H
with the shaft H, that the latter when once put in motion will so continue until a
full rotation has been completed, or until the pawl has again been brought
adjacent to the arm H³. In the practical operation of the machine, this single
rotation will be sufficient to lift the pasted stock from the frame P' and hence
cause the temporary stopping of the machine. Any considerable accumulation of
the stock on the frame P is undesirable, as the paste would be apt to be wiped off.
The arrangement of the two heaters, one above the other, at such a distance as
to accommodate the material to be dried between them, and with nothing along
their side edges to cover the space between them is very important. Thus provision
is afforded for the passage of all vapors through the corrugations of the material,
and their escape at the side edges. If the vapors are, in the drying, caused to
pass up through the material which is being dried, they will disturb the fibre and
consequently impair the gloss or finish of the surface. Therefore, by drying the
material by means of the heaters combined as described, I am able to produce a
packing material of paper having a superior surface.
It is highly advantageous to use an adhesive material in an uncooked state.
Ordinary paste may be used in this condition. The adhesive substance will then
be cooked and dried, or substantially dried, by the passage of the packing material
along the heaters.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. The process of drying packing material having transverse passages, consisting
in passing it along a heater or between heaters, leaving the side edges of the
packing material exposed so that vapors may escape, substantially as specified.

page_text: 2. The process of making packing material composed of a number of strips or
pieces, consisting in applying adhesive material in an uncooked state and cooking
and drying the same after uniting the strips or pieces, substantially as specified.
3. The combination with a heater having a passage for packing material, said
passage being open along its sides, of means for feeding the packing material
along said heater, substantially as specified.
4. The combination with a heater comprising two separable parts on opposite
sides of the passage, which is open along its side, of means for feeding the packing
material intermittingly along said heater, and means for intermittingly separating
the parts of the heater, substantially as specified.
5. The combination with a paste applying mechanism, of a machine for attaching
a backing to the pasted stock and drying the product, comprising supports for the
backing material, guides for bringing the stock and the backing in proper relation,
a separable heater for drying the material aud means for drawing the material
through the machine and imparting to the same an intermittent motion, substantially
as specified.
6. The combination with a stock delivering device, of a machine for operating
on the stock, and means intermediate of the two for automatically controlling the
movement of the machine, as and for the purpose set forth.
7. The combination of heaters, means for causing an intermittent movement of
the material through the heaters and a cutting off device for dividing up the dried
product into suitable lengths, substantially as specified.
Dated this 11th day of June 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.