Improvements in Cartridges
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 1st Aug, 1895-Accepted, 21st Sept,
1895
Improvements in Cartridges
We, JAMES GEORGE ACCLES, of Perry Bair, near Bu mingham, in the County
of Stafford, and JAMES PINFOLD, of No 233 Park Road, Aston, in the County
of Warwick, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows.-
Our invention relates to cartidges of the kind of class where the case or
body of the cartridge is secured to the head or base thereof by means of a metallic
locking ring
Various forms of such cartridges are described in the Specifications
of British Letters Patent No. 7341 of 1802 and No. 5277 of 1894 granted to
James Pinfold. The present invention comprises further improved forms of these
cartridges
In one form of cartridge constructed according to our said invention that part of
the interior of the heal against which the exterior of the case is presset by the
locking ting is not under cut or grooved as described in the said former Specifications
but is cylindrical The central part of the head which projects internally and
which usually forms the cap-chamber is however undercut or grooved mound its
periphery to receive the inner edge of the locking ring The locking ng is
therefore tightened by the diminution of its inner diameter instead of by the
increase of its outer diameter
In another form of cartidge the head has parallel sides not undercut and the
une surface of the base surtounding the central projection is made convex of
inclined and the central projection is undercul The locking ing is first made
tough-shaped and when inserted in the cartridge is expanded by pressure which
forces its inner edge into the undercut groove of tho cenual projection the outer
part of the locking ung pressing the thickened end of the tube of case against the
ne parallel surface of the head The locking ng has then assumed a dish-
form, its concave surface resting on the couvex base thus effectually preventing the
separation of the case from the head when force is applied, for before their
separation can be effected the concave locking ng must become flat but cannot
Resume this form without being expanded aud thereby pressing the case more
tightly against the rim of the head
In a modified form of locking ung the said ng is provided with a circular
groove or recess in the part which lies against the inner portion of the base of
the cartidge. An annulai wedge ong is forced into this groove to expand
the locking ng when the same has been inserted in the cartridge-case the said
wedge being of such a shape in transverse section as to force the inner periphery
of the locking ung into the undercut groove in the aforesaid central projection
and bind the tube securely in the head
In another form of locking ing the same is notched or partially divided so that
the ring can contract in diameter and grip the internal central projection of the
hend very firmly when it is forced into its position. The notches are preferably
V-shaped in transverse section
In these forms of cartridge the case is thickened or provided with a bead inwardly
nt the end which is to be received in the head, and the outer periphery of the
locking ring is formed to the same angle as the bead or other wise so that when
the ring is pressed into its place au undercut groove or recess is formed around

page_text: the outer part of the locking ing in which groove the thickened end or bead
of the case 18 held
In another form of cartridge the tubular part of the head is provided with a
groove or undercut portion into which the end of the case is pressed by means of
The locking ting The said ng is caused to expand by being forced to position
over an interually projecting part of the head which projecting part is taper and
15 larger than the internal diameter of the ing when said ing is unexpanded
In a modification the projecting part of the head as well as the flange is provided
with an undercut groove and the locking ting has a circular groove on its face
into which groove a wedging ng is pressed so as to expand the locking ring as
hereinabove descubed and cause the same to engage with the grooves in the
internally projecting cential part and in the Hange of the head. In these forms of
cartridge preferably dispense with the bead or thickened pait at the end of the
Л
case.
Suitable gas-checks which may or may not be integral with the locking ring may
be used with my improved cartridges if desired. Where 1 employ a wedging ring
for the purpose of expanding the locking ring I may make the same integral with
the head of the cartridge. For large cartridges two or more wedging rings may
be employed to expand the locking ing.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1894
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants
We, JAMLS GEORGE ACCLES, of Penty Bair, near Bumingham, in the County
of Warwick, and JAMES PINFOLD, of No. 233 Park Road, Aston, in the County
of Warwick, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement
-
Our invention relates to cartridges of the kind or class wherein the tube or
body of the cartridge is secured to the head or base thereof by means of a metallie
locking ring.
Vations forms of such cartridges are described in the Specification
of Bush Letters Patent No. 7341 of 1892 and No. 5277 of 1891 granted to James
Pinfold. The present invention comprises other improved forms of such
cattidges
In several of the cartridges constructed according to our present invention that
part of the interior of the head against which the exterior of the tube is pressed by
the locking ung is not undercut oi grooved as in the case of the cartridge heads
described in the said former Specification, but is cylindrical. The central part of
the head which projects internally and which usually forms the cap-chamber is,
however, undercut or grooved around its periphery to receive the inner edge of
the locking ing.
The locking ng is therefore ughtened by the diminution
of its inner diameter instead of by the enlargement of its outer diameter.
In some of the constructions however the cucular wall of the head is grooved
internally and the tube or body is secured to the head by the expansion of the
locking ing or by the expansion of the outer periphery and diminution of the
inner periphery of the locking ung as herematter described.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate our invention
Figure 1 is a cential longitudinal section of the car part of an unchanged tubular
cartridge case on body and of the head applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a central section of the locking ring bereinafter described before tho
same is applied to the cartidge.

page_text: Figue 4 is a cential section of a portion of the cartridge body detached from the ·
head
Figure 5 is a section similar to Figure 1 but showing a modified form of ring
for securing the head to the body
Figures 6 and 7 are a side elevation and plan respectively of sand ing.
Figure 8 is another section similar to Figure 1 but showing a still further
modification hereafter descubed
Figure 9 is a central section, and
Figure 10 a plan, of the locking ring used in this modification, and
Figure 11 is a central section and
Figme 12 a plan of an annulai wedge, hereinafter described.
Figure 13 is a central section of a further modification in which the circular
wall of the head is undercut and the central projection of the head is not
undercut but is made laiger at the base than at the top, the parts being shown
in the positions they occupy just before the locking ring is forced into the head.
Figure 14 is a similar section showing the locking ring forced into position.
Figure 15 is a central section of a still further modification, the parts being
shown in the positions they occupy before the ring is forced into the head
Figue 16 is a similar section but showing the locking ing forced into position
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in all of the figures
A is the tubular cartidge case on body, B is the head, C is the locking ring.
In the constructions shown in Figures 1 to 12 the cu cula wall of the head Bis
made conical internally from the forward edge b to a point b¹ near the base of the
cavity, the remaining portion of the internal surface of the wall being cylindrical as
clearly shown The rear part of the tubular body A is externally of the same
configuration as the interior of the head so as to fit properly therein, and its lear
extremity A' is thickened as shown fei a purpose hereinafter described
As
Refening now to Figure 1 the inner surface 6 of the head is made conical or
raised at the centre as shown, and the periphery of the central projection 63 is
undercut the undercut surface being substantially parallel to the inner surface of
the thickened part A' of the body The locking rig C is curved or "dished
shown in Figure 2 and when inserted in the caitidge is forcibly pressed against
the head, its inner edge is thereby forced into the groove formed by the undercut
surface of the central projection, and its external periphery is caused to press
the thickened end A' of the tube on case against the unei cylindrical surface of
the head. The locking ing has theu assumed a conical form which effectually
prevents the separation of the tubular body or case from the head by any force
tending to pull them asunder, for before their separation can be effected the locking
ring must become flat but cannot assume this form without being expanded and
thereby pressing the ease more tightly against the 1m of the head.
In the modified form of locking ring shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7 the same 18
of cylinditeal form initially and is notched or partially divided in several places as
indicated at c Figure 6 so that the ring can continct in diameter at one end or in
other words can become conical and gup the undercut central projection of the
head very fmly when it is forced into its position as shewn in Figure 5. The
dotted lines in Figure 5 indicate the ring C as it is about to be forced into its
ultimate position.
In another form of locking ring C Figures 8, 9 and 10 the said ring is provided
with a circular groove or recess Figure 9 in the face which lies against the inner
Bu face of the base of the cartridge Au annular wedge or ring D Figures 8, 11
and 12 preferably of steel is !oiced into this groove to expand the same when the
locking ring is inserted in the cartridge-case the said wedge D being of such a
shape in transverse section as to force the inner periphery of the locking ring
into the undercut groove in the periphery of the central projection 63 and its
outer periphery against end of the tube thereby binding the tubular body A securely
in the head.

page_text: The outer periphery of the locking ing is formed to the same angle as the
inner surface of the thickened edge A' of the body so that when the ing is
pressed into its place an undercut groove of recess is formed around the outer part
of the locking ting in which groove the thickened edge or bead A' of the case or
body is held.
In the form of cartridge shown in Figures 13 and 14 the tubular part of the
head is provided with a groove or underent portion into which the end of the tube
oi body is pressed by means of the locking ing C The said ng is caused to
expand by being forced into position over the internally projecting part of the
head which projecting part is in this instauce made conical or taper as shown, the
small end of the projection being of a size to just enter the unexpanded ing.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 15 and 16 the projecting part of the
head is undercut to form a peripheral groove similar to that indicated in Figures 5
and 8 and the encula wall of the head also has an undercut groove & sunilar to
that shown in Figure 13, the locking ing C has a circula groove or slit in its
under face into which groove or slit a V-shaped wedging ing D is pressed when
the ring is forced into position so as to expand the outer periphery and reduce the
unei periphery of the locking ung and cause the same to engage with the said
grooves and thus firmly secure the body in the head. In the forms of cartridges
shown in Figures 13 to 16 we preferably dispense with the bead or thickened part at
the end of the body or case
Suitable gas-checks which may or may not be integral with the locking ung may
be used with our improved cartidges if desired. Where we employ a wedging
ug for the purpose of expanding the locking ing we sometimes make the
same integral with the head of the cartridge. For large cartridges two or more
wedging tings are in some instances employed to expand the locking ring
Ilaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
clan 18-
1. A cartridge having its tubular body secured to its head by a locking ring
forced into close engagement with an undercut cential projection on the head
2. In combination with the locking img forced into close engagement with the
undercut centi al projection the thickene 1 or beaded end of the tube substantially as
and for the pupose specified
3. A cartridge having its tubular body secured to its head by a locking ring
forced over a conical cential projection on the head, substantially as described.
4. The employment of the notched ring substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
5 The employment of the grooved ring and wedge substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
6 A. catridge constructed substantially as described with reference to Figme 1,
or to Figure 5 ot to Figure 8, or to Figure 14, or to Figure 16 of the accompanying
diawings, for the purpose specified.
Dated this 1st day of A vonat 1805
IIASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.