IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR WINDING AND TWISTING YARN
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Sept., 1887
Specification Accepted, 13th Jan., 1888
Now know ye that I, ARTHUR WINFIELD MATHEWSON, of Fall River, in the County
of Bristol, State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Carder, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR WINDING
AND TWISTING YARN and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
My invention relates especially to the class of spooling and winding machines
which wind the cotton thread or yarn, onto rotating spools, from bobbins or cops
mounted upon spindles.
In the ordinary spooling and winding machines, the great distance between the
delivery end of the bobbin and the eye of its thread guide allows the thread to widely
balloon out and form itself into loops. This looping and beating about causes such a
great air-drag as to seriously injure the uniformity of the filament of thread, by the
tendency to shake loose the fibres from the filament, making it rough and inferior for
weaving purposes.
Again because of this wide adjustment between the end of the bobbin and the eye
of its thread-guide, the spooling and winding process has necessarily to be accom-
plished at a low rate of speed, otherwise high speed would cause such exaggerated
ballooning and whipping about of the thread as to be ruinous to it.
In rewinding and in twisting yarns, it is customary to use a frictional device for
the yarn in order to give to the same the necessary degree of tension. Different
grades or numbers of yarn require different tensions and it therefore becomes an
advantage to have an adjustable tension device.
The objects of my invention are to provide improvements in this class of machines,
whereby high speed can be obtained without the usual resultant injury to the thread
or yarn, which, by my device, is delivered to the spool rapidly and in a very perfect
condition.
It is further an object of my invention to provide an adjustable tension device,

page_text: :
f
whereby the presser-ribs thereof may be relatively adjustable, so as to regulate the
tension on the threads passing between the ribs.
To the above purposes my invention consists in the certain novel and peculiar
constructions and arrangements, of the several features of invention, all as hereinafter
fully described and claimed.
In order that my invention may be fully understood, I have illustrated in the
accompanying drawings and will proceed to describe the best forms thereof so far
devised, by me, with the knowledge that there may be various modifications made in
the same, without making a substantial departure from the spirit of the invention.
In the accompanying drawings ;-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improvements, with the bobbin mounted upon
its spindle. Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1; the broken lines showing the clamp,
thread-guide, and friction-roll tilted back. Fig. 3 is a side view of another form of
one of the devices. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the device, with the friction-roll
removed. Fig. 5 is a sectional view, on line 5-5 Fig. 2, of a portion of the device.
Fig. 6 is a side view of my improved tension device, used in conjunction with the
thread-guide and clamp, as shown in the foregoing Figures. Fig. 7 is an enlarged
top-plan view of the tension device shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical
sectional view taken on line 6-6 Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the lower
frame with the attached presser-plate, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, and clearly shows
the discharge opening. Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view of a tension device
having presser ribs of the corrugated presser-plates, slightly rounded, instead of
angular.
In the said drawings like numbers of reference designate corresponding parts
throughout.
In the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention, I have shown only the
immediate parts of the machine, which pertain to my improvements, so the spool and
its adjuncts are not shown.
The spindle-step 6 is located upon by the base of the supporting standard 7,
carries the dead spindle upon which the ordinary bobbin 8 is mounted.
and
The standard 7 is a tapering upright piece having four lateral ribs, though it may
be of any shape, and at its head broadens out and carries two ears 9 which are
perforated to receive the pivot bar 10, upon which sets and turns the lower plate 11 of
the thread-guide clamp. This plate 11 is quite thick and is suitably formed to have
the tilting play upon its pivot equal to the difference between its normal and abnormal
positions, shown in figure 2 in full and broken lines respectively. Upon the upper
face of plate 11 is movably secured plate 12, by means of screw 18, which passes
through plate 12 into plate 11. The plate 12 has upon its lower face two semi-
cylindrical longitudinal grooves 14, running parallel. Upon one side the plate 12
has an L-shaped arm 15, the main and upright part of which is broad and flat with a
notch 16 at its upper end. This arm 15 is placed with its flat face somewhat diagonal
to the sides of the plate 12, which bears it, which is well shown in figure 4, and which
is designed for a purpose hereinafter described. The plate 12 can be easily turned
about its pin 13 on the face of plate 11.
The friction roll 17 is drum shaped and is covered with clothing 18, made of
flannel or other similar suitable material. At the center of one end of roll 17 is
fixed the screw pin 19, which rests in notch 16 of arm 15 and is adapted to allow the
roll 17 rotate on its axis for new adjustinent.
The thread-guide 20 consists in the main of two parallel wires which are flexed, at
the front end, into an approximate W-shape, and at the upper apex of this W-form
there is formed the guide eye 21 the shoulders of which lie one above the other 80
that the thread may easily pass between the said shoulders. One of these parallel
wires, shown in the drawings as the left hand one, extends rearwardly a little longer
than the other, which remains straight, and this longer wire is bent into the self-
threading guide-eye 22.
This thread-guide 20 is placed upon the upper face of the lower plate 11,
and clamped thereon by the upper plate 12, so that the parallel wires take into

page_text: grooves 14, upon plate 12, and can be reciprocated longitudinally therein. By means
of screw 13 the guide can be clamped fast, when adjusted as desired.
The thread 23. wound upon bobbin 8, runs from thence through guide-eye 21 over
the friction roll 17 down through guide-eye 22 onto the spool, not shown.
The friction-roll 17, is by means of the construction of its supporting arm 15,
adjusted to have its longitudinal axis diagonal to the track of the thread 23 over the
roll 17, so that by slightly rotating the roll upon its pin 19, the thread will find an
entirely different track. This adjustment of the roll causes the clothing of the samo.
to last much longer than ordinarily and saves time in the frequent replacement of the
worn clothing as is usually the case.
By my construction of the clamp 11-12, the thread-guide is adjustable therein longi-
tudinally by virtue of the wires sliding in the grooves 14, and laterally in an arc whose
center is the screw 13, by virtue of the said screw. This thread-guide 20, because of these
adjustments, can be readily and accurately adjusted to have its guide-eye 21 brought
directly over the end of the bobbin and very close down upon the same, thereby
preventing any damage to the thread by its beating and chafing about the head of the
bobbin. These adjustments of my device reduce the ballooning to the minimum.
The clamp 11-12, rotating on its pivot 10, and carrying the thread-guide 20 and
friction roll 17, can be tilted back into the position shown by the broken lines in
figure 2. When in this back position the bobbin 8 can be readily withdrawn from its
spindle and replaced by another, when the clamp is tilted forward into normal position
for operation.
In the modified form I show in figure 3, Ih ave accomplished the same object as in
the primary form. In said modification the plate 11 is made part of the standard 7 and
is stationary. The tilting-motion is now constructed upon the spindle or skewer 30, which
is hinged by its head 31, turning on pivot 32, fixed across the recess 33, made in the
step 6. From recess 33 runs the cavity 34 extending back into the base of standard 7,
where the flat spring 35 is secured in position by the screws 36. The free end of
spring 35 projects across recess 33 and here the top of the head 31 of the spindle
rests upon it to maintain the spindle in operative position. Upon the head 31 is a
flat face running forwardly and upwardly against which the spring 35 presses when
the sprindle is drawn forward at the top, to allow the bobbin 8 to clear the
thread-guide 20, which is here stationary, in the insertion and withdrawal of the
bobbin.
This motion of the tilting spindle and bobbin is an easy spring acted motion, and
any of the various constructions ordinarily employed upon the skewers of shuttles
may be adopted for use in this part of my device.
In figure 2 I have shown the spindle 40 as very short to better enable the mounting
and withdrawal of the bobbin. However uny well known suitable means may be here
used to maintain the bobbin in operative position.
It is obvious that by my constructions either of the tilting clamp and adjuncts, with
spindle stationary; or, by the tilting spindle and bobbin with the clamp and adjuncts
stationary, I secure a remarkably close adjustment of the delivering end of the bobbin
and the eye of the thread-guide, thereby greatly reducing the harmful air-drag upon
the thread.
In the operation of my device, the ballooning of the thread never allows double-
ballooning, or looping of the thread upon itself, which is objectionable as damaging to
the structure of the thread.
Practical use of my device shows that it admits of such high speed that the thread
makes double the number of circuits about the bobbin that the ordinary machines
admit of, and that high speed does not lacerate or break the thread.
Obviously my device may be used with all its advantages in winding or twisting
and winding all kinds of yarns. The yarn is composed of filaments arranged in
regular, systematic order, and if this order is preserved till the yarn is woven into
fabrics, these fabrics will be all the more perfect. My device preserves this desirel
smoothness of structure of the thread and yet can be run at a high speed.

page_text: My novel form of thread tension device is constructed as follows:-The frame 41
is flat and at one end thereof is disposed the upright presser-plate 42, which is
corrugated and formed with the elevations or ribs 43 and the depressions 44. The
upper end of the presser-plate is bent over flaringly into a lip 45. The body of the
frame 41 is provided with a perforation 46, for securing the frame to a screw or pin
and the zig-zag shaped discharge-opening 47 is cut through the frame and follows the
basal line of the presser-plate 42, and extends to the guides 48 which are located one
at each side of the frame.
The other part of the tension device is in general formed similarly to the part just
described with the exception of having a smaller frame piece 49 which is constructed
with the slot 50 designed to receive the shank of the set-screw 51, shown in Figures 6
and 8. The presser-plate 52 is formed with the presser-ribs 53 and the depressions 54,
and also with a lip 55. The presser-plate 52 is not so wide as plate 42, and is
arranged perpendicular to the frame 49, which is adapted to rest upon the upper face
of the frame 41 and to slide thereon so that the presser-plate may take in between
the guides 48 and the presser-ribs or members 53 may lie diagonally opposite the
presser-ribs 43 of the plate 42. The construction is like an adjustable clamp having
the clamping faces thereof corrugated and with the corrugations intermeshing, as
clearly indicated by the views in Figures 7 and 10.
The corrugated presser-plates shown in Figure 10, have the elevations or ribs 43
and 53 rounded instead of being angular, as shown in the other views.
In Figure 6 the thread or yarn 61 runs from the bobbin 62 through an eye in the
thread-guide 63 thence through the tension device and through another eye of the
thread-guide. The thread-guide 63 is mounted in the table or holder 64 which is
supported on the stand 65. The holder 64 is provided with an arm 66 which is
perforated at 67 to receive the lower end of the set screw 51. By virtue of this
construction the device may be readily secured into operative position, as shown in
Figures 6 and 8.
The yarn or thread 61 is placed within the device by being fed in between the
flaring lips of the presser-plates and drops down between the plates which may be
adjusted so that their presser-ribs lie in the same plane, and then the yarn will be
pressed upon by the several ribs and will be under slight tension. In order to
increase the tension upon the yarn, the presser-plates are moved nearer together, so
that the planes of the ribs are parallel, and the ribs press the yarn into a zig-zag line
as shown in Figure 7, thereby increasing the friction upon the yarn and imparting
thereto a greater tension. It will be seen that by the use of my presser-plates the
yarn or thread may have any degree of tension given it by adjusting the plates to
decrease the space between their corrugated surfaces, which may if desired be brought
so close together as to allow the yarn to be in contact with the surfaces of the
depressions as well as with the surfaces of the ribs.
In order to discharge the lint which will be likely to accumulate in the device,
between the plates and frames, I have provided the discharge opening 47 which is
formed in the frame 41 so as to allow the lint to gravitate out from between
the presser-plates and not lodge there between as it would otherwise be likely
to do.
The frames and their respective presser-plates I have shown as cast in one piece,
so that the entire device is composed of two castings, which are secured together by
the adjusting set-screw.
My tension device forms a very efficient and an adjustable frictional bight, for the
yarn, and it may be readily used with any form of winding or twisting and winding
machinery wherein it is necessary to maintain the yarn or thread under tension.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;-
1st. The combination of an adiustable thread-guide.
means
substantially as

page_text: described, for adjusting said guide longitudinally in a line and laterally in an arc,
whereby the thread-guide-eye may be set and centered close to the delivery-end or nose
of a bobbin or cop and the moving thread may have the minimum of clearance
between said guide-eye and bobbin-nose, for the purpose herein described.
2nd. The combination with supporting means and a swiveled guide-clamp mounted
thereon, of a thread-guide placed in said guide-clamp and adjustable laterally in an
arc and longitudinally in a line, substantially as and for the purpose herein.
described.
3rd. The combination of a bobbin-spindle or support, a thread-guide, a friction-
roll having the axial line of said roll set inclined or oblique to a line normal to the
axial line of the bobbin spindle, or inclined to the vertical plane containing the
standard and the axial-line of said spindle or support, substantially as described,
whereby the moving thread may find a diagonal path over the friction-roll, for the
purpose set forth.
4th. The combination of a bobbin spindle or support, a thread-guide, a friction-roll
turnable on its axis and provided with a support, the axial-line of said roll disposed
inclined or oblique to a line normal to the axial-line of the bobbin-spindle or inclined
to a plane containing the longitudinal axis of said thread-guide and the axial-line of
said spindle or bobbin support, substantially as described, whereby the friction-roll
may be turned on its axis to shift the path of the thread moving thereon, for the
purpose set forth.
5th. The combination with a standard or supporting means and a tilting-plate or
table swiveled thereon, of a guide-clamp swiveled on said plate or table, a thread-
guide mounted in said guide-clamp and adjustable laterally in an arc and longitudinally
in a line, substantially as herein described.
6th. The combination with supporting means and a guide-clamp swiveled thereon,
of a thread-guide mounted in said guide-clamp, a supported friction-roll adjusted with
the axis thereof inclined, substantially as herein described, whereby the thread may
have a diagonal path over said roll, for the purpose herein described.
7th. The combination of a tilting-plate or table swiveled in a vertical plane, a guide-
clamp provided with guide-ways or grooves and swiveled upon said plate in a plane
normal to the plane said plate is swiveled in, a thread-guide sliding in the guide-
ways of said clamp, an eccentric upright arm fixed upon said clamp, a turnable
friction-roll set on said arm, substantially as and for the purpose described.
8th. The thread-guide consisting of a doubled wire formed at the closed end with a
guide-eye re-entrant upon the thread-guide, said eye formed in the wire like a loop
the ends or shoulders of which lie one above the other and looking outwardly,
whereby the thread may pass easily sidewise into the eye, substantially as
described.
9th. The thread-guide consisting of a doubled-wire bent approximately W-shaped,
the free ends of the wire running parallel away from the top of the W, a guide-eye
formed at the upper apex of said W and constructed in a loop form with the ends or
shoulders thereof disposed one above the other and the opening of the said loop form
looking toward the bottom of the W, one of said ends extended beyond the other
and turned at right angles to itself to form a second guide-eye, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
10. The combination of a tilting-plate or table and a support or stand therefor,
said table swiveled in a vertical plane upon the stand, a guide-clamp provided
with guide-ways and swiveled upon said plate in a plane at right angles to said
vertical plane, an upright arm fixed eccentrically to said plate, a turnable friction-roll
mounted on said arm and having the axial-line disposed inclined or oblique to
the axis of the swivel of said clamp, a thread-guide placed in said guide-
clamp and constructed substantially as described with a self-feeding guide-
eye at one end and a guide-eye at the other end, said eyes disposed one to each
side of the axial line of the friction-roll, substantially as and for the purpose
described,

page_text: 11th. The combination of the tilting plate or table 11 swiveled or pivoted upon a
support, the guide-clamp 12 provided with guide-ways 14 and swiveled to the said.
plate, the thread-guide placed in said clamp substantially as and for the purpose
described.
12th. The combination of the tilting-plate 11 swiveled on a support, the guide
clamp 12 provided with guide-ways 14 and having the swivel screw 13, the thread-
guide placed in said guide-clamp, the upright arm 15 fixed upon said guide-clamp,
the friction-roll 17 loosely mounted on said arm, substantially as described.
13th. The combination of the standard 7 having a step 6 provided with a bobbin
support, the tilting-plate 11 swiveled upon the head of said standard, the guide-
clamp 12 provided with guide-ways 14 and swiveled upon said plate by means of
screw 13, the thread-guide placed in said clamp, the upright arın 15 provided with the
notch 16, the friction-roll 17 having the screw-bearing 19, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
14th. The thread-guide consisting of a doubled wire formed with the self-feeding
guide-eye 21, substantially as described.
1th. The thread-guide formed of the doubled-wire 20 provided with the front
guide-eye 21 and the
rear guide-eye 22, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
16th. The combination, as herein before set forth, with two or more prosser or
frictional ribs or members disposed diagonally opposite and adjustable relatively to
each other and across the path of the thread, of means for supporting said ribs or
members in operative positions, whereby the interlying thread may be pressed upon
at diagonally opposite points and maintained under tension, substantially as heroin
described.
17th. The combination, as herein before set forth, with a pair of adjustable cor-
rugated presser-plates disposed parallel and with the ribs of one plate opposite the
depressions of the other plate, of means for supporting said plates in operative
positions, substantially as herein described.
18th. The combination, as herein before set forth, with a pair of adjustable cor-
rugated presser-plates each formed with a flaring lip, the plates disposed with the ribs
or elevations of one opposite the depressions of the other plate, means for supporting
said presser-plates in operative positions, substantially as described.
19th. The combination, as hereinbefore set forth, with a frame provided with a set
of upright presser-ribs, of a second frame provided with a set of presser-ribs and
adjustable relatively to the said first frame, substantially as herein described.
20th. The combination, as hereinbefore set forth, with a frame provided with a set
of upright presser-ribs, of a second frame provided with a set of presser-ribs and
adapted to be adjustably mounted upon the said first frame, whereby the sets of
presser-ribs may be maintained parallel and diagonally opposite to each other, sub-
stantially as herein described.
21st. The combination, as hereinbefore set forth, with a frame provided with
an upright corrugated presser-plate and formed with a transverse slot near the basal
line of the presser-plate, for the lint to fall through, of a frame provided with a
similar upright corrugated presser-plate, and adapted to be adjustably mounted upon
the said first frame, substantially as herein described.
22nd. The combination with the thread-tension device, substantially as herein
described, of the thread-guide holder provided with an arm adapted to support
the tension device in operative position, substantially as and for the purpose herein
set forth.
23rd. The combination with the frame 41 provided with the presser-plate 42, of the
adjustable frame 49 provided with the presser-plate 52 and means for holding the same
when adjusted, substantially as herein described.
24th. The combination with the frame 41 formed with the discharge-opening 47
and provided with the presser-plate 42, of the adjustable frame 49 provided with the
presser-plate 52, substantially as herein described.

page_text: 25th. The combination with the frame 41 formed with the perforation 46 and pro-
vided with the presser-plate 42, of the frame 49 formed with the slot 50 and provided
with the presser-plate 52, the set-screw 51 for holding the frames together, sub-
stantially as herein described.