SCOURING, SETTING AND GLASSING LEATHER AND BEAMING HIDES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Augustus Lockwood, of Boston, County of
Suffolk State of Massachusetts, United States of America for an Invention
of "s Can
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Frederic Augustus Lockwood
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1882.
FREDERIC AUGUSTUS LOCKWOOD, of Boston County of Suffolk, State of
Massachusetts United States of America, for "SCOURING, SETTING AND GLASSING
LEATHER AND BEAMING HIDES."
In devising the present improvements I have had primary objects in view-first
to drive the operative parts of the machine by direct positive mechanical devices
in lieu of a belt, thereby ensuring uniform and certain actions of the various
agencies, and reducing the power required to run the machine; and second to
relieve the attendant to a great extent of the constant care and watchfulness
heretofore devolving upon him, and enable the main functions of the machine to
be controlled by a single guide-lever. Heretofore, the beam or that part of the
truck extended horizontally over the skin-supporting table was made vertically
movable in the main part of the truck, and the so-called cross-head or carriage was
made horizontally movable on ways of the said beam. Such construction was
objectionable for the reason that the said beam had to be lifted when the dressing
tools were lifted, and also because of the lack of rigidity at the junction of the
beam-arms and truck. To obviate these difficulties, the beam-arms have been
made as fixed parts of the truck, and the so-called cross-head or carriage has been
divided into two parts, one of which is herein denominated as the trundle-frame,
and the other as the head. This head has been made vertically adjustable with
relation to the horizontally movable trundle-frame and in this head has been
mounted an axially movable yoke, the said yoke having upon it the guide-rod
which receives the reciprocating tool-carrier. The head in this present Invention,
is made vertically adjustable by means of a hand-operated shaft located at the front
of the machine, and such adjustment may be made during the operation of the
machine. In this present Invention the truck is made movable longitudinally
Price 1021

page_text: with relation to the skin-supporting table by means of a rotating nut placed on a
screw-threaded rod held in a fixed part of the frame work of the machine. This
nut may be rotated in one or the other direction on the said rod, the ends of the
nut acting against the truck to move the same longitudinally. This nut and
screw enables the truck to be moved positively in either direction, and to be held
firmly in place, thus dispensing with pawls and their actuating mechanism.
Heretofore, the movable parts of the machine were actuated by a single long belt
extended about several active and idle pulleys which was objectionable because of
unsteady movement, great consumption of power resulting from friction, and
slipping and stretching of the belt. To obviate these difficulties the present
machine has been provided with a system of shafting and gearing by which to
drive the operating part of the machine positively. Heretofore, two hand-levers
were employed, one to control the movement of the truck on its ways, and the
other the movement of the so-called cross-head or carriage, and to effect an oblique
movement of the said cross-head with relation to the table, it was necessary to
move both levers simultaneously, which was very difficult, so the present machine
has been provided with a mechanical organization whereby either or all the said
movements derived from the movement of the truck on its rails, and of the carriage
on its track may be controlled by a single lever. The carriage is herein shown as
driven positively by means of a rotating screw, as will be hereinafter described.
In the Drawings accompanying this Specification. Figure 1, is a side elevation of
a machine containing the improvements to be hereinafter described. Figure 2, is a
rear elevation of the same. Figure 3, is a vertical and longitudinal section of the
same. Figure 4, is a vertical and transverse section of the same. Figure 5, is a
plan of the same. Figure 6, is a detail in front view of the carriage and some of
its attached parts. Figure 7, is a side view of the head of the carriage. Figure 8,
is a detail in plan showing the head of the carriage and means for lifting it.
Figure 9, is a section of the screw-threaded nut or sleeve and screw-shaft which in
part effects the movements of the truck. Figure 10, is an edge elevation.
Figure 11, a section, and Figures 12 and 13, side views of the pulleys and gears
making part of the mechanism for operating the screw which feeds the trundle-
frame and its accessories. Figure 14, is an edge elevation, Figure 15, a section,
and Figures 16 and 17, side views of the pulleys and gears making part of the
mechanism for operating the truck. Figure 18, is a detail showing part of the
means for shipping the belts which control the movements of the carriage and truck.
Figure 19, is a section of the bell-crank-lever which rocks the shaft that puts the
truck in motion. Figure 20, shows the scraper and mechanism for cleaning the
same. My Invention in leather-dressing machines consists in a table or support
for the skin, and the truck and beam, combined with a carriage composed of the
trundle-frame and vertically adjustable head therein adapted to support the guide-
rod for the tool-carrier, substantially as will be described. Also, in a truck
provided with a rigid beam, a trundle-frame movable thereon, and a head made
vertically adjustable in the said frame, combined with a yoke, its guide-rod, the
tool-carrier and with means to reciprocate the tool-carrier upon its guide-rod while
the yoke and guide-rod are locked or held in position. Also, in the combination
with a carriage which moves the dressing tools and their operative devices
transversely of the table, of a screw-shaft to operate the said carriage. Also, in a
truck having a beam provided with guides or ways, and a carriage fitted to the
said guides or ways, combined with a screw-shaft, and means to rotate it whereby
the said carriage is moved positively. Also, in the combination with the skin-
supporting table and truck, of a nut and screw to move the said truck positively
longitudinally of the table, as will be hereinafter described. Also, the combination
with the skin-supporting table, the truck, and nut and screw to move the truck
longitudinally of the table, of a carriage and the screw to move the carriage
transversely of the table. Also, in a leather-dressing machine containing the
following instrumentalities, viz:-A skin-supporting table, a truck, means to move
the truck longitudinally of the table, an independently movable carriage which by

page_text: its change of position places the dressing tools in the desired position with relation
to the table, means to move the said carriage transversely of the table, and a single
guide-lever and connection between it and the devices which directly control the
movements of the truck and carriage, whereby the said single guide-lever by
moving it more or less in one or the other direction insures the separate or joint
movement of the truck and carriage in either of their directions substantially as
will be hereinafter described. Also, in a leather-dressing machine, a skin-
supporting table, a truck and carriage movable thereon, and a shaft in the said
carriage adapted to impart reciprocating movements to the tool-carrier and dressing
tools, combined with two shafts and intermediate gearing to directly and positively
drive the shaft in the said carriage in all the positions of the truck and carriage
and dressing tools with relation to the table, substantially as will be described.
Also, in the combination with the trundle-frame of the carriage, of a vertically
adjustable head therein adapted to support the shaft which moves the tools of the
head and also the yoke and guide-rod for the tool-carriage, as will be hereinafter
described. Also, in a leather-dressing machine, the truck, the trundle frame of the
carriage, and the vertically adjustable head therein, combined with the axially
movable yoke and its guide-rod, as and for the purpose to be hereinafter described.
Also, a skin-supporting table, a truck, and trundle-frame movable on the truck, and
the head fitted to be moved in the trundle-frame, combined with a shaft, and
intermediate mechanism as will be hereinafter described to adjust the said head
vertically in the trundle-frame. Also, in a guide-lever, and a rock-shaft actuated
by it, combined with a belt-shipper and intermediate mechanism whereby the belt
controlled by it may be shifted to control the movements of the truck in one or
the other direction in relation to the table, substantially as will be described.
Also in a guide-lever, and a rock-shaft actuated by it, combined with a belt-
shipper and intermediate mechanism whereby the belt controlled by it may be
shifted to control the movement of the carriage transversely of the skin-supporting
table, as will be hereinafter described. Also, in a leather-dressing machine, two
shafts located at right angles to each other, combined with intermediate gearing,
reciprocating dressing tools, and travelling carriage, a truck having a beam, and a
table, the said truck, carriage and tools being operated by the rotation of the said
shafts, as will be hereinafter described. Also, in means to be hereinafter described
to shift the belt and stop the carriage upon the truck as the carriage reaches the
extremes of its movements; and also in other means to actuate the belt to
automatically stop the truck as it reaches the extremes of its movement. Reference
being had to the above mentioned Drawings it will be seen that A represents a
horizontal table of a size to receive one or more skins, as occasion may demand, as
owing to the great range and freedom of movement of the tool-carrier, it is possible
to treat two or more skins upon one table by changing the position of the
machine with relation to the skin-supporting table, so that while one skin is
being manipulated, a finished one may be removed and a fresh one substituted
thus evading loss of time. The table A is adjustably supported upon a stage B,
erected upon the floor C. In the rear of the table A, is disposed an upright
truck K, whose movements are guided by a horizontal rail or way L, secured to the
rear ends of the beams D, and parallel to the edge of the said table. Wheels M, are
interposed between the truck K, and rail L, to reduce friction, while a second series
of rollers N are pivoted to the feet of the truck and roll upon or against the front
edge of the said rail, and serve as rolling bearings to retain the wheels M in place
upon the rail L and overcome the great friction incident to the leverage of the truck
over the upper rail P, see Figure 3, as a fulcrum. Pivoted to the adjacent parts of
the truck are anti-friction rollers, Q, which travel against the rear edge of the ledge
or upper rail P. The trundle-frame R of the carriage, shown in Figures 1, 3, 4,
5, 6 and 8 is placed between the side pieces R2, R3, of the horizontal beam R', of
the truck and has V-shaped bearings to fit correspondingly shaped grooves a, in
the said side-pieces.. The carriage composed of the trundle-frame R, and vertically.
adjustable head mo, to be hereinafter described, is moved longitudinally with.

page_text: relation to the said beam R¹, and transversely of the table, by means of a screw-
threaded shaft S, see Figure 3, beld in suitable bearings b, c, the said screw fitting
a threaded nut cx, fixed to the rear part of the trundle-frame of the carriage. The
screw-shaft S is rotated by a beveled gear d, fixed to its rear end, which beveled
gear is engaged and driven by a second beveled gear e, secured to the upper end of
a vertical shaft f, which is supported in bearings h, i, erected on bars j, k, which
unite the side plates or housings T, T, of the truck K. To the lower end of the
shaft is secured a bevel gear 1, which is engaged and driven by a bevel gear m,
see Figure 2, fixed to the inner end of a short horizontal shaft n, supported in a
bearing o. extended inward from the housing T. The shaft n, outside the said
housing, has affixed to it a spur-gear, see Figures 2, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 18, which
in its turn is engaged by an intermediate spur-gear g, mounted loosely on the outer
end of a short horizontal shaft r, supported in a bearing s projecting laterally
inward from the housing T, along side the bearing o, before named, the latter
gear q, being engaged by a spur-gear t, fixed to a horizontal shaft u, which is
supported in part in a bearing v projecting laterally inward from the housing T in
front of the bearings o, 8, and at its inner end in a bearing w, erected upon the
bottom bar x, of the truck K. The driving pulley V, fixed to the outer end of the
shaft u, is adapted to be driven by a band y, passed about from the pulley W,
splined upon the main driven shaft X, having usual fast and loose pulleys h', g'.
The hub of pulley W, provided with an annular groove which is embraced by a
fork 10, and the said hub is connected with the bearing sleeve 12, pivoted, upon a
standard 13, rising from the truck K. The pulley H, to be hereinafter referred to,
is constructed and mounted in like manner, and as the truck is moved horizontally
the said sleeves are moved longitudinally upon the shaft X, and move the said
pulleys with them. The shaft X, has other bearings 14, 15, 16, pivoted as herein
shown at the upper ends of the fixed upright columns Y, Y. Rotation of the
pulley V, in the proper direction, that is as shown by its arrow 1, in Figure 10 of
the Drawings has the effect, through the agency of the spur-gears p, q, and t, and
bevel gears d, e, land m to rotate the screw-shaft S in such a direction as to cause
the trundle-frame R of the carriage, and its connected parts, to move longitudinally
in one direction, that is outward upon the beam R', while to effect the movement
of the trundle-frame of the carriage upon said beam in the opposite or inward
direction, there is mounted loosely upon the shaft u, inside of the pulley V, a
second driving pulley A' of equal size with the first, and to adapt this pulley A¹
to rotating such shaft there is secured to the latter, outside of the gear t, a spur-
gear a¹, which engages a spur-gear b¹, fixed to the outer extremity of the shaft n
outside of the gear p before named, and secured to and revolving with the latter.
An idle pulley B¹, loosely encloses the shaft u between the fast pulleys V, A¹,
and when the belt y, is upon this loose pulley B¹, the carriage remains stationary.
When the belt y, is driving the pulley A¹, in the direction of its arrow 3,
and by the latter effecting the inward movement of the carriage, the pulley V,
and shaft u, with the gears g and t, and shaft u rotate in opposite directions
without effect upon the shaft n, and screw-shaft S, said pulley V and shaft u being
put in motion at this time by the gear p acting upon the gear t through the inter-
mediate gear q. When the pulley V, is the active one, and driving the shafts f
and S, and the pulley A¹, is idle, the latter revolves in the opposite direction loosely
about the shaft u by the action of the gear b¹, upon the gear a¹. The pulley W, is
sufficiently wide to permit of the shifting of the band y, from the pulley V, to the
pulley A, and vice-versa, and to effect this shifting of the band an arm d, see
Figure 2, is employed which at its rear end is forked and straddles the band. To
the forked end of the shipper-arm d is secured the outer end of a horizontal slide-
bar f, see Figure 2, which extends through the housing T, and is supported in
bearings g¹ in the top of the shelf k, before named, and upon the upper and inner
part of this bar f1, is cut a toothed rack h', which engages a similar rack i', cut
upon the lower end of a vertical sectoral plate or arm j¹, which is pivoted and
oscillates upon a horizontal pivot k¹, secured to a hanger l, depending from the

page_text: rear part of the shelf j above, while upon the upper end of the sectoral plate 1, is
cut a toothed rack m², which engages a similar rack n¹, cut upon the lower end of
a second sectoral plate o¹, see Figures 2 and 18 of the Drawings, which is secured
at its upper end to the rear end of a horizontal rock-shaft p¹, mounted in
bearings g', r, erected upon opposite edges of the said shelf j. Furthermore, to the
front end of the rock-shaft p' is secured the lower end of a third vibrating sectoral
plate or arm s¹, upon the upper end of which is cut a toothed rack t', that
engages a similar rack u', cut upon the lower end of a fourth vibrating sectoral
plate v, which in turn is secured at its upper end to the rear extremity:
of a long horizontal rock-shaft W₁, disposed within the upper part of the beam R₁,
and supported in bearings in each end of the latter. A rocking of the rock-shaft W',
in one or the other direction, effects, through the agency of the sectoral plates j¹, o¹,
8, u, and shaft p', lateral movements of the shipper-bar f1, and consequent
shifting of the band y, from the pulley V, to the pulley A', or vice-versa, or to the
central idle pulley B₁; and to enable the rocking of said shaft W', and consequent
shifting of the band to be effected from the front of the machine, there is employed
a pendent rocker arm D¹, see Figures 6 and 19, which loosely encompasses the
front end of the said shaft W', and is adapted to slide freely upon the latter but is
prevented from rotating upon it by a spline x', upon the said shaft, which enters a
groove y' in the head e of the said arm; while to effect the requisite vibrations of
the latter is employed a horizontal bell-crank-lever E', which is pivoted at its angle
to the front of the lower part of the trundle-frame, and with the nose of its shorter.
arm 2, which latter is parallel with the axis of the rock-shaft W', entering a
fork a² in the lower end of said arm D¹. The opposite free end 62, of the arm c²,
of the lever E¹, is connected by a link and ball and socket joint d², see Figure 19,
with a pendent guide-lever F¹, which is pivoted at its upper end to a tubular
hub f, see Figure 6, that encompasses and slides longitudinally upon a long rock-
shaft G¹, which is guided in bearings in opposite ends of the beam R¹, in manner
similar to the rock-shaft W'. the shaft G', being a companion to the shaft W¹, and
being parallel to and preferably in the same horizontal plane with the latter. For
convenience in certain respects it is preferred that the guide-lever F¹, shall move with
the carriage. To accomplish this, the head or hub e2 of the rocker-arm D¹, and of the
rocker-hub f2, to which the guide-lever F' is attached, is provided with a peripheral
groove g², or h², see Figure 5, and secured to the adjacent part of the trundle frame of
the carriage, are forked uprights 22 or which enter these grooves, thereby permitting
of lateral rocking motions of the rock-shafts W¹, and G¹, by the corresponding
movements of the guide-lever, and of sliding movements of the rocker-hubs e³, f.
longitudinally upon such shafts, by and with the trundle-frame of the carriage.
It will thus be seen that an extreme outward or forward movement of the guide-
lever F, in allignment with the axis of the shaft W₁, or G, effects by means of the
bent lever E¹, a rocking movement of the rock-shaft W₁ and a shipping of the
belt Y from the idle pulley B', to the fast pulley V; while a reverse or rearward
extreme movement or vibration of such lever F', effects a reverse rocking of said.
shaft W', and a shipping of the belt from V to B¹, it being understood that the'
idle or neutral position of the said guide-lever with respect to the rock-shaft W' is
a mean between its extremes of vibration longitudinally of said shaft, and when in
this position it maintains the belt upon the idle pulley B¹. To move the truck K,
and its attached parts longitudinally with relation to the table by the guide-lever F¹,
devices which will now be described have been provided, viz:-to the rear end of
the rock-shaft G¹, see Figures 2 and 3, is secured a pendent sectoral arm k² upon
the lower edge of which is cut a toothed rack which engages a similar rack cut
upon the upper end of a sectoral plate m², which in turn is secured at its lower
end to the front end of a horizontal rock-shaft n³, mounted in uprights o² p² erected
upon opposite sides of the shelf or bar j before named; while to the front end of
said rock-shaft n is secured the upper end of a third sectoral plate r², upon
the lower end of which latter is cut a toothed rack 82, that engages a similar rack
cut upon the upper end of an oscillating arm, or fourth sectoral plate t², which in

page_text: pivoted by a stud u², to the front side of a hanger 2 depending from the rear side
of the shelf j, the lower end of this oscillating arm t2, having a toothed rack w² that
engages a similar rack cut upon the upper edge of a horizontal slide-bar x², which
slides within bearings y upon the top of the shaft k before named, the said slide
bar extending through the adjacent housing T¹ of the truck, and being secured to
the rear end of a shipper-arm z which in turn is secured at its front end to the
horizontal stop-motion-rod c' before named, this rod sliding in bearings in the
lower part of the truck as will be hereinafter described. The shaft G³, sectoral
arms k², m², r², and t2, rock-shaft n², slide bar x³, and shipper arm 22, are duplicates
of like parts upon the opposite side of the truck as hereinbefore described, except
that the rod c', does not actuate the arm d'. The rocking motion of the shaft G₁,
to effect the movement of the truck and tool-carriage longitudinally of the table is
accomplished as follows, viz:-Upon the main shaft X, outside of the housing T',
is secured a pulley H', and about this pulley is passed a band a³, see Figures 2, 3,
14, 15, 16 and 17, which also passes about an idle pulley 68 which loosely
encompasses a horizontal shaft c³ supported in bearings d³ projecting laterally
inward from the lower part of the housing T', this shaft es being in allignment
with the shaft u before named, and having its inner end stepped in the same
standard w. To the extreme outer end of the shaft c³, and outside of the idle
pulley b³, is affixed a driving pulley e³, while upon the inside of the said idle
pulley 68, is mounted loosely upon the same shaft, a driving pulley f³. To the
shaft immediately outside of the housing T¹, is secured, a spur-gear g³ while
engaging this gear there is employed an intermediate spur-gear h³ which is placed
loosely on the outer end of a short horizontal shaft mounted in bearings js
projecting inward from the housing T¹, and engaging this last gear is a third gear t³,
which is secured to the outer end of a second short horizontal shaft 13, mounted in
bearings m³ extending inward from the housing T' above the shaft 23. The inner
end of this shaft 3 is extended inward to the centre of the truck and has affixed to
it a spur-gear m³, which engages an intermediate spur-gear n³ placed loosely on
the inner end of a short horizontal shaft o³ mounted in bearings p³ projecting
inward from the housing T¹ in front of the shaft ³, while this last-named gear n³,
in its turn, engages a spur-gear q³ secured to or making part of a tubular nut
placed upon and engaging the threads of a long screw-threaded rod 8 fixed at its
ends in brackets t³, t³, projecting outward from the columns Y, Y¹, and immediately
in rear of and below the table of the machine. The nut 23, see Figures 2, 3 and 9,
is confined between hangers u³, u³, depending from the front part of the
shelf of the truck, consequently rotation of the said nut on the stationary
screw-threaded rod s causes the truck to be moved on the rails L and P
in one or the other direction according to the direction in which the nut is turned.
Revolutions of the pulley es in the direction of its arrows 4, shaft c³, gears g³, h³, k³,
m³, n³, and q³ effect by means of the nut and screw-rod s³, the movement of
the truck in one direction upon its rails L and P, that is in the direction of the
arrow 2, in Figures 2 and 4 of the Drawings. To effect the opposite movement
of the truck upon its supporting rail, that is in the direction of the arrow 6, in
said Figures 2 and 4, there is affixed to the inside of the inner pulley f³ a spur-
gear which engages a spur-gear w³, secured to the outer end of the shaft 7s before
named. Revolutions of the pulley f³, effect through the gears v³, w³, rotations of
the nut in a direction opposite to that first described, hence the truck is moved
in the direction of its arrow 6, see Figures 2 and 4, of the Drawings, the, pulley e³,
and gears g³, h³, and ³, rotating at the same time in opposite directions without
effect upon the nut 3. The arrangement of the pulleys 63, es, and f³, and the
gears gs, h³, k³, v³, and w³ are the same as the corresponding parts upon the opposite
side of the truck, but are devoted to moving the truck upon its rails, while the
opposite ones aid in moving the trundle-frame of the carriage upon its ways or
guides in the beam R'. A rocking movement of the shaft G', to the extreme, in
one or the other direction, effects through the agency of the sectoral arms k², m², r²
and t³, rock-shaft n², slide-bar a² and shipper-arm z³, as before explained, shifting

page_text: of the band a³ from one to the other of the pulleys e³, f³, and effects corresponding
reverse movements of the truck longitudinally of the table, and to effect the
requisite rocking movements of said shaft G', the guide-lever F¹, is to be rocked
or vibrated laterally only. To maintain the truck and the carriage at rest, the
position of the guide-lever F¹, is a mean between its extremes of vibration. To
enable the truck to be stopped automatically as it arrives at the end of the rails,
should the attendant fail to do so, the stop-motion-rod c¹ is of such a length that
when the truck reaches the extremes of its movements the rod abuts against the
adjacent column Y₁ or Y, and being fixed to shipper-arm 22, shifts the belt a³ to
the idle pulley 63. The tool-carrier f, the guide rod g' on which it is reciprocated
and the yoke h4, are supported by the head m³ of the carriage, the said head being
composed of an annular horizontal plate I', upon which are erected posts a³, a³, etc.,
that slide vertically in guides 6º, etc., in the corners of the trundle-frame, the upper
and lower ends of these posts being united by cross bars c³, c³, etc., d³, d³, etc., which
in turn are united by a central tubular hub ³, which surrounds a vertical shaft J¹
the upper end of the said shaft being contained within the hub of a spur-gear V6,
to be hereinafter explained, such gear being compelled to rotate with the shaft by
a spline and groove connection between the two, and being supported in an arched
cross-head or bridge y³, which constitute the top of the trundle-frame, the said
shaft J, following the vertical movements of the carriage head m³. The vertical
movements of the carriage head and its attached parts in the trundle-frame, pro-
duced as will be hereinafter described, enables me to fix the beam R' rigidly to
the truck, thus gaining greater ease and steadiness of motion, and consequently a
nicer degree of accuracy in the working of the usual tools of the tool-carrier. To
the lower end of shaft J¹, is fixed a crank z which embraces, see Figure 3, a fixed
central stud of a gear a³, constituting an epicycle, which travels within and
engages the teeth of an epicycloidal wheel b, upheld by a ring c¹ connected with
the yoke h, provided with an annular portion ci which enters a rebate d¹º, at the
under side of the annular portion I', of the head of the carriage. The yoke h¹, has
a central hub e, which surrounds the shaft J¹. The yoke and its attached parts,
rise and fall with the head of the carriage, and at the same time rotate within the
said head. The gear a at its under side, has a stud or wrist pin d, which
engages the upper end of a stud. e¹ of the tool-carrier f, adapted to slide.
upon the guide-rod g, held by the said yoke. The epicycloidal gearing
herein described and shown operates continuously, but reciprocates the tool-
carrier with its tool upon the guide-rod gs, only while the guide-rod and
the yoke hare held or locked firmly, the direction of the right line
reciprocation of the said tool-carrier depending upon the direction of the guide g*.
In practice, the yoke his provided with a suitable hand-wheel 22, see Figures 1, 3
and 4, by which the yoke may be moved axially by the operator to place the
guide-rod in the desired direction, but should the operator fail to lock the yoke h
in position, or hold it firmly by the said hand-wheel, the said yoke and its guide-
rod with its hand-wheel, would be rotated continuously by the shaft J¹ and the
epicycle a without reciprocating the tool-carrier. The annular portion c¹º of the
yoke is provided with a series of notches 1, see Figure 4, engaged by a suitable
latch, pivoted upon a horizontal ear of the plate I¹ of the head of the carriage,
the said latch locking the yoke in position. When it is desired to change the
direction of the guide-bar, the latch is disengaged from the notched portion c¹9
of the yoke and is held by the pivoted catch m, acted upon by spring 23, see
Figure 1. When the strokes of the tools are to be repeated several times in the
same direction, the handle of the catch is raised, and that of the latch elevated by
the spring 23 interposed between the two, the nose of the latch being thereby
forced into one of the notches 1 before named, and the yoke with the hand-lever
is thus locked to the head of the carriage I'. The object in thus locking the yoke
and hand-wheel, is to relieve the attendant from the manual labor of holding the
guide-bar g in a fixed. position, which is essential to impart rectilinear motion
to the tools. . The tool-holders o*, p³, pivoted to the tool-carrier f, will be lifted

page_text: from the skin during their backward stroke, by means of an annular cam attached
to the under side of the epicycle or gear a³. When it is desired that the tool-
carrier, with its dressing tools be moved diagonally across the table, it is necessary
to simultaneously move both the carriage on the beam R', and the truck K, on its
rail. This is accomplished by moving the handle of the guide-lever Fl in the
direction it is desired the tool-carrier to take, such movement of the said guide-
lever simultaneously turning the rock-shafts G', W₁, causing the bands to rotate
such two of the pulleys A¹, e³, V, or f³ hereinbefore described, which it is necessary
to rotate to insure the proper direction of movements of the parts. This hand-
operated guide-lever F¹, the position of which determines the direction of movement
of the tool-carrier and tools and the position of the dressing tools with relation to
the skin, greatly simplifies the labor of the attendant, places the machine more
perfectly under his control, and consequently enables more and better work to be
done. Pivoted within the trundle-frame R at 24, are toothed levers 95, 5, adapted
to be engaged by the vertical toothed racks w, guided in grooves x³, as shown in
Figures 4, 7, and 8. The levers 95, 25 are pivoted at 32, on the sides of the
carriage. Each toothed rack w is operated by a bent lever y5 or 25, which is
pivoted at its bend to the carriage head ms, and has the end of its horizontal
arm as converted into gear teeth which engage similar teeth upon the inside of the
said tooth rack, while upon the lower end of its arm c, is cut a toothed rack which
engages a similar rack cut upon the upper edge of a horizontal slide-bar 610, which
is disposed below the lever and slides in suitable ways in the lower cross-beams of
the carriage-head, the slide-bar being forced inward or outward by a horizontal
screw-shaft de, or e, each of which is mounted in a bearing ƒ6 or f' erected
upon opposite sides of the annular plate I, and operated by a spur-gear 96
or he secured to its outer end, which engages and is driven by a pinion 26 or ja
secured to one end of a horizontal shaft 6, which in turn is mounted in the
bearings fe before named The shaft ke, see Figures 1, 3, and 8, is put in rotation
by a bevel-gear 16 affixed centrally to it, which engages a second bevel-gear me
fixed to the rear end of a second horizontal shaft n³, carrying at its front end a
hand-wheel of, which extends forward in front of the plate 1¹ of the carriage-
head, into a position to be readily seized by the attendant. By seizing the
hand-wheel of and rotating the shaft no in one direction the operator is enabled
by rotating the screws d, e, and actuating the levers yo, h³, to raise the
plate 1 of the carriage-head, and with it the tool-carrier and its operating
mechanism and dressing-tools, with respect to the table, in order to permit of
introduction or removal of a skin or to vary the degree of pressure of the tools
upon such skin; while a reverse movement of the hand-wheel and its shafts results
in a lowering of the tool-carrier and dressing tools. To put the shaft J' in
rotation, there is swiveled within the upper part or head y³, of the trundle-frame of
the carriage, the hub us of a bevel-gear 6 which encloses the upper end of said
shaft, and is connected with it by a spline and groove connection, which compels
the two to rotate together, but permitting the shaft to slide vertically within the
hub, the said gear being engaged and driven by a second bevel-gear wº, secured
to the shaft, which is disposed in the beam R¹ parallel with the rock-shafts
G¹, W. The shaft x6, has bearings y6, 26, erected upon the front and rear ends of
the beam R¹. The connection between the gear we and shaft is a spline and
groove, in order that the gear while rotating with and being driven by the shaft,
may slide longitudinally upon the latter by and with the trundle-frame of the
carriage in either direction, the gear wº, being connected with the trundle-frame of
the carriage by being confined between two uprights, a³, b', erected thereon. To
the rear end of the shaft x, is affixed a bevel-gear e which engages and is driven
by a similar gear d', the hub of which encloses the shaft X before alluded to, and
is connected with it by a spline and groove connection e', the gear and its hub
being compelled to slide longitudinally upon the shaft X, by uprights f", f", erected
upon the extreme upper part of the truck. To the extreine end of the shaft X,
outside of the column Y¹, is secured fast and loose pulleys 97, h² and operating with

page_text: these pulleys is employed an endless band leading to a main driving pulley, a
shipper-bar suitably supported being employed to ship the belt, as occasion
requires. To automatically arrest the traverse in either direction, of the carriage
upon the crane, should the attendant fail to do so, there is employed a horizontal
shipper-rod p, arranged parallel to the rocker-shafts G¹, W¹, and playing at its rear
end in a bearing in the trundle-frame of the carriage, the front end of this shipper-
rod being affixed to the upper part of a post r erected upon the lever E¹, before
named. As the carriage reaches the extreme of its movement or traverse in either
direction, the rod po abuts against the adjacent end bar 8 or to of the beam, and
the lever E' is turned upon its fulcrum, thereby rocking the shaft W₁ and shifting
the belt y to the idle pulley B¹. To provide a shifting or adjustable bearing for
the shaft X, at points intermediate between the truck and columns Y, upon either
side of such truck, in instances where a long operating table is employed, there is
provided a horizontal slide-bar 77, which plays in guides or bearings in the upper
part of the truck, and is arranged parallel with the shaft X, a standard 17, or m²,
being erected upon each end of this bar and enclosing the shaft. The space
between the standard 17, m² is greater than the width of the truck, hence when
such truck moves in either direction upon its rail, it abuts against the standard in
front of it, and forces it before it, the opposite standard following after and
providing a travelling or shifting bearing to support the shaft X.
1. In a machine for dressing leather, a table or support for the skin, and the
truck and beam, combined with a carriage composed of a trundle-frame and a
vertically adjustable head therein adapted to support the guide-rod for the tool-
carrier, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. The truck, and its beam, the trundle-frame of the carriage movable thereon,
and the vertically adjustable head mounted in the trundle-frame, combined with
the yoke, its guide-rod the tool-carrier, and with means to reciprocate the tool-
carrier upon its guide-rod while the yoke and guide-rod are locked or held in
position.
3. In a leather dressing machine, the combination of a screw-shaft with, and to
operate the carriage transversely of the table, to effect the traverse of the
dressing tools and their operative devices transversely of the table, substantially as
described.
4. The truck, and its beam provided with guides or ways, and the carriage fitted
thereto, combined with the screw-shaft, and means to rotate it, whereby the carriage
is moved positively, substantially as described.
5. The skin-supporting table, and the truck, combined with a nut and screw to
move the truck positively longitudinally of the table, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
6. The skin-supporting table, the truck, and nut and screw to move the truck
longitudinally of the table, combined with the carriage, and a screw to move the
carriage transversely of the table, substantially as described.
7. A leather-dressing machine containing the following instrumentalities, viz. :-
a skin-supporting table, a truck, means to move the truck longitudinally of the
table, an independently movable carriage which by its change of position places
the dressing tools in the desired position with relation to the table, means to move
the said carriage transversely of the table, and a single guide-lever and connections
between it and the devices which directly control the movements of the truck and
carriage, whereby the said single guide-lever by moving it more or less in one or
the other direction, insures the separate or joint movement of the truck and
carriage in either of their directions, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
8. In a leather-dressing machine, the skin-supporting table, the truck, and the
carriage movable thereon, and the shaft J¹ of the carriage adapted to impart

page_text: reciprocating movements to the tool-carrier and dressing tools, combined with the
shaft X, and shaft x, and intermediate gearing to directly and positively drive the
said shaft J' in all the positions of the truck and carriage and dressing tools with
relation to the table, substantially as described.
9. In a leather-dressing machine, the trundle-frame of the carriage, combined
with the vertically adjustable head therein adapted to support the shaft J¹, and
also the yoke and guide-rod for the tool-carrier, substantially as described.
10. In a leather-dressing machine, the truck, the trundle-frame of the carriage,
and the vertically adjustable head therein, combined with the axially movable yoke,
and its guide-rod substantially as described.
11. The skin-supporting table, the truck, the trundle-frame movable on the.
truck, and the head fitted to move in the trundle-frame, combined with the shaft no,
and intermediate mechanism to adjust the head vertically in the trundle-frame,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
12. The guide-lever and the rock-shaft G¹ actuated by it, combined with the
belt-shipper, and intermediate mechanism whereby the belt as may be shifted to
control the movements of the truck in one or the other direction, substantially as
described.
13. The guide-lever, and the rock-shaft W₁ actuated by it, combined with the
belt-shipper and intermediate mechanism, whereby the belt y may be shifted to
control the movement of the carriage transversely of the skin-supporting table,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
14. In a leather-dressing machine, shafts X and 6, located at right angles to
each other, combined with intermediate gearing, the reciprocating dressing tools,
the travelling carriage, and the pulleys, the truck having beam R¹, and the table,
said truck, carriage and tools being operated by the rotation of the said shafts,
substantially as described.
15. The rock-shaft W₁, and connected lever E', and the carriages, combined with
the shipper rod p¹, connected with the said lever, whereby as the rod p is moved
on the carriage, as the latter reaches its extreme positions, the belt-shipper d' is
moved to ship the belt y upon the loose pulley B¹, and stop the movement of the
carriage, substantially as described.
16. In a leather-dressing machine, the truck, the loosely held stop-motion rod c¹,
and its connected arm z², whereby, as the rod c¹ is moved on the truck as the latter
reaches its extreme position, the said arm z³ moves the belt a³ upon the idle
pulley bs and stops the movement of the truck, substantially as described.
In witness whereof I the said Frederic Augustus Lockwood have hereunto
set my hand and seal this 7th day of June in the year of our Lord 1881.