IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR TELEPHONIC AND MICROPHONIC PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis John Crossley, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Carpet Manufacturer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR TELEPHONIC AND MICROPHONIC PURPOSES."
$6
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis John Crossley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th January 1880.
LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY, of Halifax, in the County of York, Carpet Manufacturer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR TELEPHONIC AND
MICROPHONIC PURPOSES."
This Invention consists in further improvements in transmitting and receiving
or reproducing sounds by means of electric currents for the purpose of conveying
messages and for other useful purposes, for which Letters Patent were granted to
me dated the First day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine, Number 412; and the present Invention relates to
improvements in the construction of electro-magnetic telephone receivers, and in
the methods of connecting or joining up the transmitters and receivers with an
induction coil or coils; the improved receivers may be used with any suitable form
of carbon or other transmitter.
One form of electro-magnetic telephone receiver is constructed with a number of
armatures or receivers, which convey the sound or sounds from each armature or
receiver to a common centre or ear tube, by which means a large increase of sound
is produced and received, thereby causing such sounds to be conveyed more plainly
and distinctly than hitherto.
Another form of electro-magnetic telephone receiver is constructed with a
number of electro-magnetic poles acting on an armature in such a manner that
the received sounds are much strengthened as the employment of a number of
electro-magnets with their poles facing the armature, and acting simultaneously on
the armature produce increase of sounds, and therefore better results.
In the methods of connecting or joining up the transmitter and receiver, or
transmitters and receivers with an induction coil or coils, I connect the line, by
preference, with a compound microphone transmitter and with an electro-magnétic

page_text: telephone receiver, which is at the distant end of the line (but any suitable
transmitter and receiver may be employed), a current from the battery will flow
through the transmitter to line, and through the electro-magnetic telephone
receiver to earth, magnetizing the receiver up to a certain power which will vary
with the strength of the battery and the length of the line.
Or the battery may be placed at either end of the line, or batteries may be
placed in the line, and the induction coils joined up with the compound microphone
transmitters, so as to work with an electro-magnetic telephone receiver, by which
method both a primary and secondary current will flow in the line, and the sounds
given out by the receiver will be increased.
Or the joining up may be effected so that only the secondary current will flow
to line.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Louis John Crossley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
July 1880.
LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY, of Halifax, in the County of York, Carpet Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR TELEPHONIC AND
MICROPHONIC PURPOSES."
This Invention consists in further improvements in transmitting and receiving
or reproducing sounds by means of electric currents for the purpose of conveying
messages and for other useful purposes, for which Letters Patent were granted to
me, dated the First day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine, Number 412.
And the present Invention relates to improvements in the construction of electro-
magnetic telephone receivers, and in the methods of connecting or joining up the
transmitters and receivers with an induction coil or coils; the improved receivers
may be used with any suitable form of carbon or other transmitter.
One form of electro magnetic telephone receiver is constructed with a number of
armatures or receivers which convey the sound or sounds from each armature or
receiver to a common centre or ear tube, by which means a large increase of sound
is produced and received, thereby causing such sounds to be conveyed more plainly
and distinctly than hitherto.
Another form of electro magnetic telephone receiver is constructed with a
number of electro magnetic poles acting on an armature, in such a manner that the
received sounds are much strengthened as the employment of a number of electro
magnets with their poles facing the armature, and acting simultaneously on the
armature produce increase of sounds and therefore better results.
In the methods of connecting or joining up the transmitter and receiver or
transmitters and receivers with an induction coil or coils, I connect the line, by
preference, with a compound microphone transmitter and with an electro magnetic

page_text: telephone receiver, which is at the distant end of the line (but any suitable
transmitter and receiver may be employed), a current from the battery will flow
through the transmitter to line, and through the electro magnetic telephone
receiver to earth magnetising the receiver up to a certain power, which will vary
with the strength of the battery and the length of the line. Or the battery may
be placed at either end of the line, or batteries may be placed in the line and the
induction coils joined up with the compound microphone transmitters so as to
work with an electro magnetic telephone receiver, by which method both a primary
and secondary current will flow in the line, and the sounds given out by the
receiver will be increased.
Or the joining up may be effected so that only the secondary current will flow
to line.
But in order to enable my improvements to be better understood I will proceed
to describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1
represents a sectional elevation of an improved electro magnetic receiver con-
structed according to my Invention, and Figure 2 plan in section of the same;
Figure 3 represents a sectional elevation of another form of receiver, and Figure 4
side elevation of the same; Figure 5 represents a sectional elevation of another
form of receiver with two electro magnets, and Figure 6 side elevation of the
same; Figure 7 represents a simple method of connecting or joining up the
improved electro magnetic receivers and compound microphone transmitter with
the battery and line without induction coil; Figure 8 represents one method of
connecting or joining up two improved electro magnetic receivers and compound
microphone transmitters with two batteries in the line; Figure 9 represents
another method of connecting or joining up two improved electro magnetic
receivers and compound microphone transmitters with one battery in the line.
The improved electro magnetic telephone receiver, shewn in Figures 1 and 2, is
constructed with a suitable number of electro magnets A, four being shewn in the
Drawing, such electro magnets being mounted on spindles B connected to a
standard C secured to a plate or board D; on this board D is also secured a skeleton
frame E to which are secured armatures F which may be fastened only at one end,
one armature for each magnet; these armatures may be made of suitable material
and if required may be adjusted by means of a screw; over the armatures is placed
a cover or box G having four openings H which are opposite each electro magnet A;
on the outside of the cover or box are secured sockets I in which are fitted tubes J
secured in other sockets. K cast or formed on a box L; this box is made with a
standard M which is secured on the top of the box or cover G; on the top of the
box L is also made a socket to which is secured an ear tube N. By thus combining
a number of armatures or receivers and conveying the sound from each receiver to
a common centre or ear tube a large increase of sound is produced and received,
thereby causing each sound to be conveyed more plainly and distinctly than
hitherto.
In Figures 3 and 4 the receiver is constructed with an electro magnet having a
coil of wire O on a pole P, the other pole Q of the electro magnet being bent up
and having no coil of wire; an armature R is fixed at one side and is free on the
other side; a spring S is fitted in the box which actuated by a screw T to allow
of adjusting the electro magnet to any required height.
The receiver shewn in Figures 5 and 6 is constructed with two electro magnets
having bobbins of wire O, and also with an adjusting spiral spring U and screw T;
the spring is fitted in a tube V over which works another tube W to allow of the
electro magnets being adjusted to any required height, the whole is enclosed in a
case or box. If desired all the armatures may be of small dimensions and may be
connected by means of a light lever or other suitable means with a diaphragm of
ebonite or other substance for increasing the sounds. Figure 7 shews one of the
improved receivers connected to a transmitter, and the action is as follows:-The
line is shewn placed in connection with a compound microphone transmitter X (but
any other suitable transmitter may be employed). A' is the improved electro

page_text: magnetic receiver which is at the distant end of the line, a current from the battery
will thus flow through the transmitter X to line and through the electro magnetic
receiver A¹ to earth Y, magnetising the receiver up to a certain power, which power
will vary with the strength of the battery Z and the length of the line. By
speaking or otherwise causing sound or sounds to be produced in the neighbourhood
of the transmitter X a variation in the resistance of the circuit will be produced,
which variation will correspond with such sounds, and will cause a corresponding
variation in the strength of the current passing out to line, and which varies
the strength of magnetism in the electro magnetic receiver A¹, thus causing the
armatures to be attracted with a force varying in intensity with the strength of
the said current, and by this action causing the armatures to correspondingly
vibrate and reproduce and give out the sounds made in the neighbourhood of the
transmitter x.
In Figure 7 only a single transmitter with a battery at one end of the line and
a receiver at the other is shewn, but it will be understood that a battery together
with a transmitter and receiver may be used with advantage at each end of the
line, the batteries being joined up in such a manner that the current from either
one will strengthen the other.
In Figure 8 the batteries Z are placed in the line (but only a single battery at
either end of the line may be employed) and induction coils B¹ are employed with
the compound transmitters X so as to work with an electro magnetic receiver, and
by this method of joining up both a primary and secondary current will flow in the
line, and the sounds given out by the receivers A' will be increased.
In Figure 9 the diagram shews a method of joining up in which only the
secondary current will flow to line, and in this plan only one battery Z is shewn in
the line circuit, although two may be used with advantage, one at each end, and a
separate battery Z is only shewn in connection with the transmitter X.
The action of the arrangements shewn in the diagrams, Figures 8 and 9, will be
readily understood from the explanatious herein-before given.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in
practice, what I claim as new and intend to be protected by the herein in part
recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The construction and employment of the improved electro magnetic
telephone receiver combining a number of armatures or receivers which convey the
sound or sounds from each receiver to a cominon centre or ear tube, together with
the forms and adjustments, substantially as and for the purposes herein before
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings,
Secondly. The method of connecting an electro-magnetic telephone receiver and
transmitter with an induction coil or coils, whereby the primary and secondary
currents from such coil or coils, or the secondary currents alone, are utilized, as
herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis John Crossley, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY. (LS.)