IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR HEATING AIR, SPECIALLY AS REGARDS ITS APPLICATION AS A DESICCATING AGENT IN CONNECTION WITH MACHINES FOR SIZING YARN, CALICO PRINTING, PAPER STAINING, OR OTHER- WISE
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Hallam, of No. 46, Lancaster Avenue, Fennel
Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR HEATING AIR, SPECIALLY AS
REGARDS ITS APPLICATION AS A DESICCATING AGENT IN CONNECTION WITH
MACHINES FOR SIZING YARN, CALICO PRINTING, PAPER STAINING, OR OTHER-
WISE."
Sealed the 25th July 1879, and dated the 5th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Hallam at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th February 1879.
"
SAMUEL HALLAM, of No. 46, Lancaster Avenue, Fennel Street, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR
HEATING AIR, SPECIALLY AS REGARDS ITS APPLICATION AS A DESICCATING
AGENT IN CONNECTION WITH MACHINES FOR SIZING YARN, CALICO PRINTING,
PAPER STAINING, OR OTHERWISE."
My said Invention has reference to improved arrangements whereby atmospheric
air solicited or forced by a revolving fan or other exhausting or impelling mechanism
is caused to impinge upon and pass over the surface of a series of steam or other-
wise heated pipes contained in a chamber or chest, and also to the application in
connection therewith of plates or bafflers or casing jackets so placed as to absorb
the radiant caloric evolved from the heating pipes, and to transmit the heat so
absorbed to the air traversing the heating chamber.
In one modification of my Invention a number of inclined brass, copper, wrought
iron, or other metal tubes are attached at their upper ends to a pipe suitably
formed to receive them, and which is itself connected by controlling cock or valve
to a main pipe communicating with a boiler or other steam reservoir; the lower
ends of these tubes are coupled to a similar pipe which is also connected to a main
pipe from which the water resulting from condensation is continuously withdrawn
by any of the usual methods and appliances available for such purpose.
Each series, as above described, forms one separate range, and is coupled inde-
pendently and separately to main steam and condensed water pipes, and provided
with suitable controlling and regulating cocks or valves.
A number of such ranges or series adequate to provide the necessary aggregate

page_text: amount of heating surface are included in a heating chamber of suitable capacity,
and between each range are placed partitions or plates of cast iron or other good
heat recipient or absorbent." Upon the surfaces of such plates are formed at
suitable intervals projections or bridges so placed as to compel the atmospheric air
in its passage not only to traverse but also, to continuously cross and re-cross
transversely the heating pipes; the plates themselves being at the same time highly
heated by their absorption of radiant heat, serve also to augment the temperature
of the body of air which traverses their surfaces.
L
In another modification of my Invention each range or series consists of a number
of cast iron or other metal pipes coupled at one end to a cast iron chest formed
with a double chamber into metal of diaphragm; separating the two chambers, the
outer of which receives steam whilst the office of the inner is to collect water
resulting from condensation, are securely fixed or screwed wrought iron or other
metal tubes of small bore, and these are spaced concentric with each opening
formed in chest to receive larger pipes, which larger pipes have flanges at one end
to take faces on chest to receive them, the other ends being plugged or otherwise
closed.
The small inner pipes serve to convey the steam to the outer end of each large
tube, and in proportion as it condenses, owing to the inclination given, the resulting
water collects in inner chamber, from which it may be continously voided by any
-suitable effective appliance.
Each outer tube has either a number of parallel longitudinal ribs, a continuous
spiral feather, or series of projections or bafflers, cast or formed around it at recur-
ring intervals, and is surrounded by an outer jacket or case of just sufficient
capacity to pass over and rest loosely upon projections or ribs; the object of such
outer jacket being to absorb and retain radiant heat, and that of spiral feather,
ribs, or projections to augment heating surface, and also to break up and divide,
and in consequence more thoroughly heat, the current of air drawn or forced through
the intervals between outer case and pipe.

page_text: :
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Hallam in the Great Seal Patent. Office on the 30th July
1879.
SAMUEL HALLAM, of Number 46, Lancaster Avenue, Fennel Street, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGEMENTS FOR
HEATING AIR, SPECIALLY AS REGARDS ITS APPLICATION AS A DESICCATING
AGENT IN CONNECTION WITH MACHINES FOR SIZING YARN, CALICO PRINTING,
PAPER STAINING, OR OTHERWISE."
My improvements have reference to modifications and arrangements. whereby
atmospheric air solicited or forced by a revolving fan or other exhausting or
impelling mechanism is caused more thoroughly to impinge upon and circulate over
the surface of a series or battery of steam or otherwise heated pipes contained in a
chamber or chest and in the use or combination therewith of metal plates or bafflers
so disposed as to receive and absorb the radiant caloric evolved from the heating
pipes, and to give out and transmit the heat so absorbed to the air caused to
circulate through the heating chamber.
In one modification of my Invention a number of inclined brass, copper, wrought
iron or other metal tubes are connected at their upper ends to a pipe suitably
formed to receive them, and which is itself coupled by suitable controlling cocks or
valves to a main pipe communicating with a steam boiler or other heat reservoir;
the lower ends of these tubes are secured to a pipe similar to the upper one, which
is also connected to a main pipe, from which the water resulting from condensation
is' continuously voided by any of the usual methods and appliances available. for
such purpose. Each series as above described forms one separate and distinct
range and communicates independently and separately with main steam and con-
densation pipes, and is provided with suitable controlling and regulating cocks or
valves. A number of such ranges or series adequate to provide the requisite
aggregate heating surface are included in a heating chamber of proper capacity;
between each range of heating pipes are placed metal plates or partitions formed of
cast iron or other good heat recipient and absorbent; at suitable intervals upon the
surfaces of the above plates are projections or bridges so spaced as to cause the
atmospheric air drawn or impelled through the heating chamber not only to circu-
late thoroughly over but also to traverse transversely the heating pipes; the plates
themselves being through their absorption and retention of radiant heat at a very
high temperature serve to augment the temperature of the air brought into contact
with their surfaces.
In another modification of my Invention each range or series consists of a number of
cast iron or other metal pipes coupled at one end to a cast iron rectangular double
chambered chest or box. Steam is admitted into lower chamber, and the upper one
serves as a receptacle for water resulting from condensation; into metal of diaphragm
which separates the two chambers are securely fixed or screwed wrought iron or other
metal tubes of small bore, and these are spaced concentric with openings formed in
chest to receive larger pipes, which larger pipes have flanges at one end to take
faces formed on chest to receive them, the other ends being plugged or otherwise
closed. The small pipes serve to convey steam to the outer end of each large tube,
and in proportion as it condenses the water collects in upper chamber, from which
it may be voided by any suitable effective appliances. A number of heating pipes
constructed according to the above modification may be arranged in series with
radiating plates or bafflers as set forth in the first described arrangement, or each
heating pipe may have continuous ribs, spiral feather projections, or bafflers cast on
its outer periphory, and be enclosed in an outer case or envelope; the air to be
heated is caused to pass through the interval between each heating pipe and its
surrounding envelope. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved arrange-

page_text: ments as applied in connection with a machine for sizing yarn; Fig. 2 is a vertical
or longitudinal section; and Fig. 3, a cross section of heating pipe with external
wings or feathers-surrounded by pipe or casing, and coupled at one end to cast iron
double-chambered-chest;-Fig. 4.is.a.part.section of heating pipe with alternative
projections or bafflers cast upon it. In Fig. 1, A is the heating chamber; (a, a', a², a³,)
pipes or chambers to receive steam; (b, 61, 62, 63) pipes to collect water resulting
from condensation; (c, c¹, c², c³) are ranges of wrought iron or other metal tubes
screwed into or otherwise securely coupled to steam and condensation pipes;
|-(dd, d², ds; d,) are cast iron or other metal plates with projections cast upon them
placed between each range of heating pipes; (B) is the drying chamber divided
into a number of cavities or spaces by wooden or other partitions; in the first space
or cavity may be placed, as delineated, a range or ranges of vertical heating
pipes (c), with internal pipe (a³) enclosed in condensation pipe (64) to receive
steam which has access to upper end of heating pipe (c) through small tube (a).
By means of the exhausting fan (C) the air is made to circulate first over the series
of pipes contained in the heating chamber (A), as delineated by the arrows, and
then through the spaces or cavities of drying chamber in the direction shewn by
the arrows; the moist yarn, as per dotted line, from sow box traverses drying
chamber, as shewn by reverse arrows, in a direction contrary to the air current
solicited by fan (C) which discharges moist air and steam into trunk or hopper (D).
The induced current produced in trunk (D) by the blast from fan discharge pipe
or nozzle serves to carry off and remove all steam or vapour given off from boiling
size in sow box. In Figs. 2 and 3 (e) is a rectangular double chambered chest or
box with steam cavity (a), steam conducting tube (a³) screwed into diaphragm
and condensation cavity (64); (e) is the heating pipe with radial wings or projec-
tions; and (c) surrounding external jacket or pipe through which air circulates. In
Fig. 4 the heating pipe (c) has as delineated transverse alternative projections or
bafflers cast upon its external periphery.
Having now particularly described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be carried into effect, I claim the combination and arrangé--
ment consisting of plates, bafflers, and enclosing jackets or envelopes to absorb
radiant heat in conjunction with steam or otherwise heated pipes, as substantially
hereinbefore set forth and described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Hallam, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
GEORGE Z. SCOTT.
SAMUEL HALLAM. (LS.)