Improvements in the Construction of Steam and other Motive Power Engines of the Horizontal and Inclined and Vertical or Table Class.
Year: 1885

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 27th day of May 1887, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Improvements in the Construction of Steam and other Motive
Power Engines of the Horizontal and Inclined and Vertical
or Table Class.
I, JAMES BLACK, of Auchentoshan, in the County of Dumbarton, North Britain,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM
AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES OF THE
:-
HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED AND VERTICAL OR TABLE CLASS to be as follows
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of steam and
other motive power engines, has mainly for its object to dispense with the use
of such motion bars and motion blocks commonly used in various kinds of motive
power engines such for example in what are known as horizontal and inclined
engines as well as in vertical or table engines.
The Invention has also for its object to reduce the friction of the working parts
thereof to a minimum and to effect an economy in the use of oil.
The Invention consists in connecting the piston rod to a lever by means of a
short link or the equivalent thereof which link is guided at its connection with the
piston rod either by a parallel motion or by a light slide. This lever is capable of
swinging backwards and forwards correspondingly with the stroke of the piston
and it may be supported on gudgeons carried in a suitable bearing below, or it may
be suspended on gudgeons carried at a sufficient height above, the arrangement being
such in either case as to admit of the requisite length of lever.-The connecting
rod is attached to the lever either directly in line with the centre of the piston rod
when the engine is at half stroke or it may be connected to the lever at a distance
above the aforesaid centre of stroke in which case the crank has a greater throw
than the length of stroke of the piston.
In the case of engines provided with an air pump or pumps such air pump or
pumps is, are or may be driven from the aforesaid lever.
With the view of making engines according to this Invention as compact as
possible, the crank shaft is placed outside the end of the cylinder opposite to that
through which the piston rod works and the connecting rod extends from the
aforesaid lever backwards over the cylinders to the crank shaft.
It is to be understood that the aforesaid improvements are applicable to engines
which have one, two or more cylinders such for example as what are commonly
known as compound engines.
ith dor of November 1885.
J. H. JOHNSON, DAY & JOHNSON,
Petitioner's Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Steam or other Motive
Power Engines of the Horizontal and Inclined and Vertical
or Table Class.
I, JAMES BLACK, of Auchentoshan in the County of Dumbarton, North Britain,
Gentleman, do hereby, declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES, OF THE
HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED AND VERTICAL OR TABLE CLASS and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of steam or
other motive power engines, of the horizontal and inclined and vertical or table
class, has mainly for its object to dispense with the use of such motion bars and
motion blocks commonly used in various such kinds of motive power engines, such for
example, in what are known as horizontal and inclined engines as well as in
vertical or table engines.
The Invention has also for its object to reduce the friction of the working parts
thereof to a minimum and to effect an economy in the use of oil.
The Invention consists in connecting the piston rod of such engines to a lever, by
means of a short link or the equivalent thereof, which link is guided at its connection
with the piston rod, either by a parallel motion, or by a light slide. This lever is
capable of swinging backwards and forwards correspondingly with the stroke of
the piston, and may be is supported on gudgeons carried in a suitable bearing
below, or it may be suspended on gudgeons carried at a sufficient height above, the
arrangement being such in either ease; as to admit of the requisite length of lever.
The connecting rod is attached to the said lever either directly in line with the
eentre of the piston rod, or, it may be connected to the lever at a distance above
beyond the aforesaid centre of stroke, in which ease so that the crank has a greater
throw than the length of stroke of the piston ; or, the piston rod may be connected
to the lever at a point below the aforesaid centre.
In the ease of engines provided with an air pump or pumps, such air pump or
pumps is, are or may be driven from the aforesaid lever.
With the view of making engines according to this Invention, as compact as
possible, the crank-shaft is, or may be placed outside the end of the cylinder
opposite to that through which the piston rod works, and the connecting rod
extends from the aforesaid lever backwards over the cylinder to the crank shaft.
It is to be understood that the aforesaid improvements are applicable to steam,
gas or other motive power engines having one, two or more cylinders.
In order that my said Invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect, I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figures 1 and 2 (sheet 1) are respectively a side elevation and a plan of a hori-
zontal engine constructed according to my present Invention, and arranged with a

page_text: Pistion and piston rou
сонц
of the cylinder as hereinafter explained.
Figures 3 and 4 (Sheet 2) are respectively similar views of a horizontal engine
arranged with a piston and piston rod connected to the crank shaft, which, in this
engine as distinguished from the engine shewn at Figures 1 and 2, is located at the
rear end of the cylinder.
Figure (Sheet 3-) is in part n vertical section and in part a side elevation of n
trunk engine constructed according to my present Invention.
Figure 6 (Sheet 4) is in part a vertical section and in part a side elevation of a
double trunk engine constructed according to my present Invention.
Figure 6 is a diagram illustrative of a trunk engine in which the pistons are
connected-to-opposite sides of the rocking lever k', and the connecting rod i', is
attached to the said lever at a level below that of the point of connection of the
pistons therewith.
Figures 7 and 8 (Sheet 3) are diagrams illustrative of the application of my
present Invention to motive power-engines of the table class and of the compound
type respectively.
In the horizontal engine to which, at Figures 1 and 2, I have represented my
present improvements as applied, the outer end of the piston rod a, is connected by
the pin, to one end of the link c, the opposite end of which is connected by the
pin d, to the vertical vibrating link e. This vertical link e, at is its lower end is
pivoted to the pin f, which is carried in a bracket secured to or formed in part with
the bed-plate g.
At the point a², that is to say, at, or about midway between the
centres of the pins b and d, the link c, is pivoted to the vertical rocking lever h, which,
as shewn more particularly in plan at Figure 2, is, for strength and for lightness,
preferably constructed of two parallel bars. This lever h, is pivoted at i, to the
bed-plate 9, which at this part is sunk below the level of the bed-plate generally.
The upper end of the lever h, is pivoted by the pin j, to the connecting rod k,
the opposite end of which, in the ordinary well-known manner, engages with the
crank pin l.
The valve chest m, upon the cylinder of the engine hereinbefore described, in
order to conform with the height of the driving shaft n, inclines upwards, and the
slide valve therein is operated obliquely that is to say, radially to the axis of the
said driving shaft n; but, it is to be understood, that the arrangement and method
of operating the valves of the engine, constitute no part of my present Invention,
and that their arrangement and the means for operating them are or may be varied
according to the particular requirements of each individual engine, it being here
explained that in some cases, in place of operating the valves from an eccentric on
the shaft n, I may connect the said valves to the rocking lever h, to be operated
thereby ; ; or, in place of slide valves being used, piston valves, rotating valves or
other equivalent admission and exhaust valves may be substituted.
The arrangement of links and levers which I have herein before described with
reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings, is such as ensures the outer
end of the piston rod a, always moving in a horizontal straight line, that is to say,
the vertical vibrating link e, in combination with the lever h, and link c, performs the
function of a parallel motion upon the said outer end of the piston rod.
The engine which I have represented at Figures 3 and 4 of the annexed
drawings, is one constructed so as to occupy less length than the engine herein-
before described and shewn at Figures 1 and 2. In this engine as in the previous
example, the outer end of the piston rod a, is connected to the link c, and thereby,
to the vibrating link e; but it is to be observed with reference to Figures 3 and 4,
that the point o, at which the link c, is pivoted to the rocking lever h, is lower
than the corresponding point shewn at Figure 1. The cylinder p, is also on the
same lower level, to prevent the connecting rod q, from coming into contact with
the rear end flanges of the cylinder p. By virtue of the height of the driving
shaft t, above the cylinder p, it is, in an engine of this construction, preferred to
operate the slide valve of the engine through the bell-crank lever u, one arm of

page_text: which as shewn, is connected to the eccentric rod v, while the other is connected
with the valve rod w, the said bell-crank lever being mounted and oscillating
upon the stud 62, which is secured to the bed-plate of the engine.
At Figure 5 of the annexed drawings I have represented my present improve-
ments as applied to a trunk engine. In this engine the trunk x, is formed in part
with, or secured to the piston y, and passes in the ordinary well known manner
out through the front end of the cylinder and through the gland and stuffing
box-z. Within, and at or near the rear end of the trunk x, the connecting rod a
is coupled at the point c², thereto in the well known manner. The opposite end of
this rod a', extends out through the open end of the trunk a, and is coupled to the
rocking lever b'. The lower end of this lever U' is pivoted at c', to the bed-
plate-d', and the upper end thereof is coupled to the rod e', which, in the ordinary
well-known manner connects with the crank pin-f
In this last described arrangement it will be seen that no extraneous means are
necessary for providing a parallel motion, us the point c², at which the connecting
rod a', is coupled to the trunk x, is prevented from deviating from its straight path
by the extent and disposition of the bearing surfaces of the said trunk x, and
piston y, as is well-understood.
In the double trunk engine shown on a reduced scale at Figure 6 (Sheet 4) the
eylinders-g', are arranged in line, that is to say, co-axial with each other, on
opposite sides of the lever k', but these cylinders are not necessarily in line with
each other, and they may be of different diameters and lengths so as to work on
the principle of the compound engine and be coupled at different levels to the
lever. The general arrangement and construction of each of these cylinders, is
similar to that shown at Figure 5, and need not be herein further described. The
connecting rods-a', extending outwards from the open ends of the trunks x, are
coupled to the lever h', at a point sufficiently low to enable the connecting rod i, to
pass over and operate clear of one of the cylinders g', to be connected with the crank
pinj; or, in place of the arrangement shewn at Figure 6, that shewn at Figure 6ª
may be substituted. In this case the pistons are connected at a higher level upon
the rocking lever h', and the connecting rod i, is coupled to the rocking lever-h', ut
a point lower than the connection of the piston therewith, and this, as well as
the last preceding arrangement shewn at Figure 6, is specially applicable to gas
engines, in which case the trunks-x, ure-made of about the same diameter as the
eylinders as is usual and well understood in connection with gas engines.
At Figure 7 (Sheet 3) of the annexed drawings, I have shewn, to some extent in
diagram, my present improvements applied to an inverted cylinder table engine
the arrangement of the parts of which, as may be followed by the similarity of
the reference letters, corresponds with that hereinbefore described and shewn
at Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawing and therefore needs no further
explanation.
At Figure 8 (Sheet 3) of the annexed drawings, I have represented, partly in
diagram, my present improvements as applied to a compound steam engine, the
eylinders k', and ', of which are ranged one above the other. The piston rod m
of the high pressure cylinder A', is connected to one end of the link n' the opposite
end of which is supported by and upon the parallel motion link o'. The link-n
at or near its central part is pivoted to the rocking bur or lever p', which extends
upwards and is similarly pivoted to the link-g', connected with the piston rod-r';
of of the low pressure cylinder 1, above. The parallel-motion links', supporting
the outer end of the link q', of this low pressure cylinder /, is forked or otherwise
equivalently constructed so as to allow the connecting rod t', and parts of the
before mentioned links n', and o', to work freely through it.
It will be observed that the connecting rod-t', is coupled to the rocking lever p
at a point between the points d² and e², at which the links n', and q', are connected
thereto, and I desire it specially to be understood that in cases where only on
eylinder is used, the connecting rod by which the motion is transmitted from the
rocking lever to the crank-shaft, is or may be connected below, in place of above

page_text: that point with which the piston rod or trunk is connected; and, in cases where
two, or, it may be more cylinders are used, the crank driving connecting rod is or
may be pivoted to the rocking lever at a point above, below or intermediately
between those points at which the piston rods or trunks are connected with the
said rocking lover.
I desire it further to be understood that by connecting suitable rods to the
rocking levers hereinbefore described, motion, to be translated into other than
rotary motion, may be obtained, for example, air and other pumps may be driven
directly from such rocking levers.
It is further to be understood that the rocking lever is applicable to vertical and
table engines, with or without inverted cylinders as also to engines of the diagonal
or inclined class.
In place of guiding the outer end of the piston rod by means of the hereinbefore
described parallel motion link, it may be guided in and by a light slide, or other
equivalent parallel motion arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :-
The improvements in steam and other motive power engines of the horizontal
and inclined and vertical or table classes consisting of a rocking lever pivoted at
one end upon a fixed centre, and at, near or towards its other end, connected,
either through or without the employment of a parallel motion, to the piston rod
or rods, or to the trunk or trunks of such engines; the motion so obtained being
transmitted to a crank shaft to translate it into rotary er, it may be into
oscillating motion, or, into a horizontally or vertically reciprocating motion for
such purpose, for example as operating pumps all substantially as and operating
in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth with reference to the
annexed drawings.

page_text: I, JAMES BLACK, of Auchentoshan, in the County of Dumbarton, North Britain,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES OF THE
HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED AND VERTICAL OR TABLE CLASS to be as follows:-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of steam and
other motive power engines, has mainly for its object to dispense with the use
of such motion bars and motion blocks commonly used in various kinds of motive
power engines such for example in what are known as horizontal and inclined
engines as well as in vertical or table engines.
The Invention has also for its object to reduce the friction of the working parts
thereof to a minimum and to effect an economy in the use of oil.
The Invention consists in connecting the piston rod to a lever by means of a
short link or the equivalent thereof which link is guided at its connection with the
piston rod either by a parallel motion or by a light slide. This lever is capable of
swinging backwards and forwards correspondingly with the stroke of the piston
and it may be supported on gudgeons carried in a suitable bearing below, or it may
be suspended on gudgeons carried at a sufficient height above, the arrangement being
such in either case as to admit of the requisite length of lever.-The connecting
rod is attached to the lever either directly in line with the centre of the piston rod
when the engine is at half stroke or it may be connected to the lever at a distance
above the aforesaid centre of stroke in which case the crank has a greater throw
than the length of stroke of the piston.
In the case of engines provided with an air pump or pumps such air pump or
pumps is, are or may be driven from the aforesaid lever.
With the view of making engines according to this Invention as compact as
possible, the crank shaft is placed outside the end of the cylinder opposite to that
through which the piston rod works and the connecting rod extends from the
aforesaid lever backwards over the cylinders to the crank shaft.
It is to be understood that the aforesaid improvements are applicable to engines
which have one, two or more cylinders such for example as what are commonly
known as compound engines.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Steam or other Motive
Power Engines of the Horizontal and Inclined and Vertical
or Table Class.
I, JAMES BLACK, of Auchentoshan in the County of Dumbarton, North Britain,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES, OF THE
HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED AND VERTICAL OR TABLE CLASS and in what; manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of steam or
other motive power engines, of the horizontal and inclined and vertical or table
class, has mainly for its object to dispense with the use of such motion bars and
motion blocks commonly used in various kinds of motive power engines, such for.
example, in what are known as horizontal and inclined engines as well as in
vertical or table engines.
The Invention has also for its object to reduce the friction of the working parts
thereof to a minimum and to effect an economy in the use of oil.
The Invention consists in connecting the piston rod to a lever, by means of a
short link or the equivalent thereof, which link is guided at its connection with
the piston rod, either by a parallel motion, or by a light slide. This lever is
capable of swinging backwards and forwards correspondingly with the stroke of
the piston, and it may be supported on gudgeons carried in a suitable bearing
below, or it may be suspended on gudgeons carried at a sufficient height above, the
arrangement being sucli in either case, as to admit of the requisite length of lever.
The connecting rod is attached to the said lever either directly in line with the
centre of the piston rod, or, it may be connected to the lever at a distance above
the aforesaid centre of stroke, in which case the crank has a greater throw than
the length of stroke of the piston ; or, the piston rod may be connected to the lever
at a point below the aforesaid centre.
In the case of engines provided with an air pump or pumps, such air pump or
pumps is, are or may be driven from the aforesaid lever.
With the view of making engines according to this Invention, as compact as
possible, the crank-shaft is, or may be placed outside the end of the cylinder
opposite to that through which the piston rod works, and the connecting rod
extends from the aforesaid lever backwards over the cylinder to the crank shaft.
It is to be understood that the aforesaid improvements are applicable to steam,
gas or other motive power engines having one, two or more cylinders.
In order that my said Invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect, I will now proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
Figures 1 and 2 (sheet 1) are respectively a side elevation and a plan of a hori-
zontal engine constructed according to my present Invention, and arranged with a

page_text: pistion and piston rod connected to the crank shaft which is located at the front end
of the cylinder as hereinafter explained.
Figures 3 and 4 (Sheet 2) are respectively similar views of a horizontal engine
arranged with a piston and piston rod connected to the crank shaft, which, in this
engine as distinguished from the engine shewn at Figures 1 and 2, is located at the
rear end of the cylinder.
.
Figure 5 (Sheet 3) is in part a vertical section and in part a side elevation of a
trunk engine constructed according to my present Invention.
Figure 6 (Sheet 4) is in part a vertical section and in part a side elevation of a
double trunk engine constructed according to my present Invention.
Figure 6ª is a diagram illustrative of a trunk engine in which the pistons are
connected to opposite sides of the rocking lever k¹, and the connecting rod ¹, is
attached to the said lever at a level below that of the point of connection of the
pistons therewith.
Figures 7 and 8 (Sheet 3) are diagrams illustrative of the application of my
present Invention to motive power engines of the table class and of the compound
type respectively.
In the horizontal engine to which, at Figures 1 and 2, I have represented my
present improvements as applied, the outer end of the piston rod a, is connected by
the pin b, to one end of the link c, the opposite end of which is connected by the
pin d, to the vertical link e. This vertical link e, at is lower end is pivoted to
the pin f, which is carried in a bracket secured to or formed in part with the bed-
plate g. At the point a², that is to say, at, or about midway between the centres
of the pins b and d, the link c, is pivoted to the vertical rocking lever h, which, as
shewn more particularly in plan at Figure 2, is, for strength and for lightness,
preferably constructed of two parallel bars. This lever h, pivoted at i, to the
bed-plate g, which at this part is sunk below the level of the bed-plate generally.
The upper end of the lever h, is pivoted by the pin j, to the connecting rod k,
the opposite end of which, in the ordinary well-known manner, engages with the
crank pin l.
The valve chest m, upon the cylinder of the engine herein before described, in
order to conform with the height of the driving shaft n, inclines upwards, and the
slide valve therein is operated obliquely that is to say, radially to the axis of the
said driving shaft n; but, it is to be understood, that the arrangement and method
of operating the valves of the engine, constitute no part of my present Invention,
and that their arrangement and the means for operating them are or may be varied
according to the particular requirements of each individual engine, it being here
explained that in some cases, in place of operating the valves from an eccentric on
the shaft n, I may connect the said valves to the rocking lever h, to be operated
thereby; or, in place of slide valves being used, piston valves, rotating valves or
other equivalent admission and exhaust valves may be substituted.
The arrangement of links and levers which I have hereinbefore described with
reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings, is such as ensures the outer
end of the piston rod a, always moving in a horizontal straight line, that is to say,
the vertical link e, in combination with the lever h, and link c, performs the
function of a parallel motion upon the said outer end of the piston rod.
The engine which I have represented at Figures 3 and 4 of the annexed
drawings, is one constructed so as to occupy less length than the engine herein-
before described and shewn at Figures 1 and 2. In this engine as in the previous
example, the outer end of the piston rod a, is connected to the link c, and thereby,
to the vibrating link e; but it is to be observed with reference to Figures 3 and 4,
that the point o, at which the link c, is pivoted to the rocking lever h, is lower
than the corresponding point shewn at Figure 1. The cylinder p, is also on the
same lower level, to prevent the connecting rod q, from coming into contact with
the rear end flanges of the cylinder p. By virtue of the height of the driving
shaft t, above the cylinder p, it is, in an engine of this construction, preferred to
operate the slide valve of the engine through the bell-crank lever u, one arm of
•

page_text: which as shewn, is connected to the eccentric rod v, while the other is connected
with the valve rod w, the said bell-crank lever being mounted and oscillating
upon the stud 2, which is secured to the bed-plate of the engine.
At Figure 5 of the annexed drawings I have represented my present improve-
ments as applied to a trunk engine. In this engine the trunk a, is formed in part
with, or secured to the piston y, and passes in the ordinary well-known manner
out through the front end of the cylinder and through the gland and stuffing
box z.
Within, and at or near the rear end of the trunk x, the connecting rod a¹,
is coupled at the point c², thereto in the well-known manner. The opposite end of
this rod a', extends out through the open end of the trunk x, and is coupled to the
rocking lever b¹. The lower end of this lever b¹ is pivoted at c¹, to the bed-
plate d¹, and the upper end thereof is coupled to the rod e¹, which, in the ordinary
well-known manner connects with the crank pin f.
In this last described arrangement it will be seen that no extraneous means are
necessary for providing a parallel motion, as the point c³, at which the connecting
rod a', is coupled to the trunk x, is prevented from deviating from its straight path
by the extent and disposition of the bearing surfaces of the said trunk x, and
piston y, as is well understood.
In the double trunk engine shewn on a reduced scale at Figure 6 (Sheet 4) the
'cylinders g¹, are arranged in line, that is to say, co-axial with each other, on
opposite sides of the lever k¹, but these cylinders are not necessarily in line with
each other, and they may be of different diameters and lengths so as to work on
the principle of the compound engine and be coupled at different levels to the
lever . The general arrangement and construction of each of these cylinders, is
similar to that shewn at Figure 5, and need not be herein further described. The
connecting rods a¹, extending outwards from the open ends of the trunks x, are
coupled to the lever h¹, at a point sufficiently low to enable the connecting rod i¹, to
pass over and operate clear of one of the cylinders g¹, to be connected with the crank
pin j; or, in place of the arrangement shewn at Figure 6, that shewn at Figure 6ª
may be substituted. In this case the pistons are connected at a higher level upon
the rocking lever ¹, and the connecting rod i¹, is coupled to the rocking lever h¹, at
a point lower than the connection of the piston therewith, and this, as well as
the last preceding arrangement shewn at Figure 6, is specially applicable to gas
engines, in which case the trunks x, are made of about the same diameter as the
cylinders as is usual and well understood in connection with gas engines.
At Figure 7 (Sheet 3) of the annexed drawings, I have shewn, to some extent in
diagram, my present improvements applied to an inverted-cylinder table engine
the arrangement of the parts of which, as may be followed by the similarity of
the reference letters, corresponds with that hereinbefore described and shewn
at Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawing and therefore needs no further
explanation.
At Figure 8 (Sheet 3) of the annexed drawings, I have represented, partly in
diagram, my present improvements as applied to a compound steam engine, the
cylinders k¹, and 7, of which are ranged one above the other. The piston rod m¹
of the high pressure cylinder k¹, is connected to one end of the link n¹, the opposite
end of which is supported by and upon the parallel-motion link o¹. The link n¹
at or near its central part is pivoted to the rocking bar or lever p¹, which extends
upwards and is similarly pivoted to the link q¹, connected with the piston rod r¹,
of of the low pressure cylinder 1, above. The parallel-motion link 81, supporting
the outer end of the link q¹, of this low pressure-cylinder U, is forked or otherwise
equivalently constructed so as to allow the connecting rod t¹, and parts of the
before mentioned links n¹, and o¹, to work freely through it.
It will be observed that the connecting rod t¹, is coupled to the rocking lever p²,
at a point between the points d² and e², at which the links n', and q¹, are connected
thereto, and I desire it specially to be understood that in cases where only on
ylinder is used, the connecting rod by which the motion is transmitted from the
rocking lever to the crank-shaft, is or may be-connected below, in place of above

page_text: that point with which the piston rod or trunk is connected; and, in cases where
two, or, it may be more cylinders are used, the crank-driving connecting-rod is or
may be pivoted to the rocking lever at a point above, below or intermediately
between those points at which the piston rods or trunks are connected with the
said rocking lever.
I desire it further to be understood that by connecting suitable rods to the
rocking levers hereinbefore described, motion, to be translated into other than
rotary motion, may be obtained, for example, air and other pumps may be driven
directly from such rocking levers.
It is further to be understood that the rocking lever is applicable to vertical and
table engines, with or without inverted cylinders as also to engines of the diagonal
or inclined class.
.
In place of guiding the outer end of the piston rod by means of the herein before
described parallel motion link, it may be guided in and by a light-slide, or other
equivalent parallel motion arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :—
The improvements in steam and other motive power engines of the horizontal
and inclined and vertical or table classes consisting of a rocking lever pivoted at
one end upon a fixed centre, and at, near or towards its other end, connected,
either through or without the employment of a parallel motion, to the piston rod
or rods, or to the trunk or trunks of such engines; the motion so obtained being
transmitted to a crank shaft to translate it into rotary or, it may be into
oscillating motion, or, into a horizontally or vertically reciprocating motion for
such purpose, for example as operating pumps all substantially as and operating
in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth with reference to the
annexed drawings.
Deted this turanty airth day of Aurunt 1000