AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1814

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EVERHARD Baron VON DOORNIK, of Sun Street, Bishopsgate Street, London,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, in and by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain bearing date at West-
minster, the Twentieth day of December now last past, for Himself, His heirs
and successors, did give and grant unto me, the said William Everhard Baron
Von Doornik, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His especial licence,
full
power, sole privilege, and authority, that I, the said William Everhard
Baron Von Doornik, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of
them, by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or deputies, servants
or agents, or such others as I, the said William Everhard Baron Von Doornik,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said William Everhard
Baron Von Doornik, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, and cause the same to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in complianco with the said proviso, I, the said
William Everhard Baron Von Doornik, do hereby declare that the nature of
my said Invention of an improvement in the manufacture of soap, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and ascertained as
follows, that is to say :-
My said Invention consists in lessening the consumption of tallow hitherto
used in the process of making or manufacturing soap. And this I effect by
introducing or substituting the parings,, pates, roundings, shavings, scrapings,
fleshings, or picces cut by the tanners or fellmongers from the skins of sheep
and lambs, or from any other skins of a greasy quality, or an equal weight of
the skins themselves, either in a damaged state or otherwise, either before or
after the process of lining, or being steeped or deposited in lime pits by the
fellmonger. Or I introduce and substitute in the said process of making soap
what is usually called scutch, being the refuse of tho said articles after the
glue maker has extracted the size or glue therefrom, which refuse or scutch has
hitherto been considered of small value, and been generally burnt as fuel by the
glue makers, or used as manure for dressing land; and I use all or any or
either of the said articles together or seperately, or more or less of either, as
may best suit the purpose of soap making, previously séperating from them a
portion or the whole of the mere fibrous matter, gelatine, and filth or dirt when
found necessary or thought desireable, by boiling them in a copper or boiler in
a solution of alkaline lees. In using the scutch, I put, for example, twenty-
four bushels thereof in a copper or boiler, with a sufficient quantity of alkaline
lees, of proper strength, and boil them together four or five hours to extract
the greasy matter, which rises to the top in a saponaceous form during the
process of boiling; and after it has been suffered to remain till it is sufficiently
cooled, the saponaceous matter is skimmed from the surface. I then put the
saponaceous matter thus obtained from twenty-four bushels of scutch, or, if
the first-mentioned articles, or any of them, be preferred to scutch, I put twenty-
four bushels of the said parings, pates, roundings, shavings, scrapings, fleshings,
or pieces cut from the said skins, or an equal weight of the skins themselves,
either in a damaged state, or otherwise, into the soap copper or boiler, and
thereto, or to the saponaceous matter obtained therefrom by boiling with an
alkaline lie, as before described, I add seven hundredweight and an half of
tallow, three hundredweight of rosin, one hundredweight of palm oil, and a
sufficient quantity of alkaline lie to saturate and make them into good soap;
these ingredients being boiled together in the usual way will make a ton of
good yellow soap.
To make a ton of mottled soap, I take the saponaceous matter obtained

page_text: in the way above stated from twenty-four bushels of scutch, or I take twenty-
four bushels of the said parings, pates, roundings, shavings, fleshings, scrapings,
or pieces cut from the said skins, or an equal weight of the skins themselves,
either in a damaged state or otherwise, or of any or either of them, and having
put the same into the soap copper or boiler, I add thereto, or to the sapona-
ceous matter obtained therefrom, by boiling them with an alkaline lie, as before
described, eleven hundredweight of tallow and refined or rendered kitchen
stuff, and a sufficient quantity of alkaline lees to saturate and make them into
good soap, and then I boil them up in the usual manner of making soap.
And to make a ton of white soap, I take the saponaceous matter obtained in
the way above stated from twenty-four bushels of scutch, or I take twenty-four
bushels of the said parings, pates, roundings, shavings, fleshings, scrapings, or
pieces cut from the said skins, or an equal weight of the skins themselves,
either in a damaged state or otherwise, and having put the same into the soap
copper or boiler, I add thereto, or to the saponaceous matter obtained there-
from, by boiling them with an alkaline lie as before described, eleven hundred-
weight of tallow and hog's lard, and a sufficient quantity of alkaline lees, to
saturate and make them into good soap, and then I boil them up together in
the usual manner of making soap.
In stating the different quantities of the different ingredients used by me
in thus making soap, I have given those which, from my experiments, I con-
ceive to be best calculated to produce the desired effect; but a variation may
and frequently must be made, according to the quality of the different articles,
without producing any material difference in the result. The proportions I
have above specified are such as I have said are calculated to produce a ton
of good hard soap, but the absolute quantity produced will frequently be
under or over that weight, according to the quality of the ingredients made use
of. It may be also proper to add that if an inferior soap should be wished
to be made, then a larger proportionate quantity of the parings, pates, round-
ings, shavings, scrapings, fleshings, or pieces cut from the said skins, or of the
said skins themselves, or of scutch, may be introduced according to the quality
of which the soap is required to be made.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Everhard Baron Von Doornik,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of June, in
the fifty-fifth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third,
by the grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifteen.
(B) DOORNIK

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Nineteenth day of June,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid William Everhard Baron Von
Doornik came before our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged,
the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Nineteenth day of June, in the year above written.