Improvements relating to Electric Telegraph Transmitting and Receiving Instruments.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 4th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Electric Telegraph Transmitting and
Receiving Instruments.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM WILLMOT, of 41 Tufnell Park Road, Holloway, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Usually at the present time automatic electric and other telegraph transmitting
and receiving instruments are driven by a train of wheelwork and heavy weight.
According to my invention I do away with this driving train of wheelwork and
heavy weight and employ for driving such instruments a small quick running
motor worked by a stream of compressed air. The motor I by preference apply
directly to the quickest running spindle of the instrument-the other spindles of
the instrument being thus driven from this spindle in place of being driven by
them as heretofore. The motor I form of a wheel having a number of discs or
blades projecting radially from its circumference at a distance apart from one
another. The wheel and discs fit loosely within the interior of a hollow casing.
A stream of compressed air is admitted to the casing through a small passage
which is tangential to the circumference of the wheel or nearly so, strikes against
the discs, and after travelling round with them through about three quarters of the
interior of the casing escapes through a second larger opening provided there for
the purpose. Another form of motor is for the radiating blades to be set inclined
to the spindle which carries them and for the air admission to be directed through
one of the ends of the casing against the inclined blades so that the air forces itself
along the incline of each blade as it passes the air inlet but has to travel round
with them until the exhaust opening is reached. This arrangement is more suitable
for rapid motion than for power and in consequence is suitable for Wheatstone
rather than for Hughes' instruments. In the well known Wheatstone automatic
transmitter I apply the motor to the cam or crank spindle used for giving motion
to the rocking lever by which when any one or other of the two needles that bear
against the travelling perforated strip of paper has risen up through one of the
perforations is drawn back to its normal position. For regulating the speed at
which the instrument is driven I employ a regulating lever which in place of as
heretofore regulating the speed at which a governing fly is driven is caused to
expand or contract the hole by which the stream of air is admitted to the casing
so that more or less air will be admitted according as it is opened or closed. The
ordinary stop lever at the front of the instrument I retain and cause it, in addition
to shifting the contact bars at the bottom of the instrument as heretofore, to
actuate a cut off valve for cutting off all supply of air to the motor.
In the Hughes printing machine I apply the air motor preferably of the con-
struction herein first described directly to the axle which previously carried the fly
wheel of the instrument-the moving portion of the motor taking the place of the
fly wheel.
In the same manner air motors worked by a continuous current or stream of air
may be applied to the well known Morse instruments and to syphon recorling and
other automatic recording or receiving instruments.
The advantages derived from driving transmitting or receiving instruments each
by a small air motor in the manner herein before described are that the instruments

page_text: when so driven run more steadily than when driven by weight due partly to the
fact that there is less weight in the whole instrument and partly to the fact that
the motor exerts additional force when extra opposition is encountered owing either
to friction in the ordinary parts or to bringing in of additional gear for printing.
When the instrument is running lightly the fans or discs of the motor simply
follow along with the moving stream of air but as soon as any opposition occurs the
compressed air banks up behind the fans due to their fitting piston like within the
casing and exerts additional force upon them.
The first cost of the instruments driven by air motors as above described is also
reduced to nearly one half of those driven by weight and the cost of maintenance
proportionally decreased.
Dated this 4th day of December 1801
Improvements relating to Electric Telegraph Transmitting and
Receiving Instruments.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM WILLMOT of 41 Tufnell Park Road, Holloway, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
Usually at the present time automatic electric and other telegraph transmitting
and receiving instruments are driven by a train of wheelwork and heavy weight.
According to my invention I do away with this driving train of wheelwork and
heavy weight and employ for driving such instruments a small quick running motor
worked by a stream of compressed air. The motor I by preference apply directly
to the quickest running spindle of the instrument-the other spindles of the
instrument being thus driven from this spindle in place of being driven by them as
heretofore. The motor I form of a wheel having a number of discs or blades
projecting radially from its circumference at a distance apart from one another.
The wheel and discs fit loosely within the interior of a hollow casing. A stream
of compressed air is admitted to the casing through a small passage which is
tangential to the circumference of the wheel or nearly so, strikes against the discs,
and efter travelling round with them through about three quarter, of the interior
of the casing capes through a second larger opening provided there for the
purpose.
Figures 1 and 2 are sections of a motor constructe I as above described.
A is the outer ca-ing-B the wheel with dises C radiating from its circumference.
D is the air inlet and E the outlet.
The casing is formed as shewn in two halves which can readily be separated one
from the other.
Another form of motor is for the radiating blades to be set inclined to the
spindle which carries them and for the air admission to be directed through one of
the ends of the casing against the inclined blades so that the air forces itself along
the incline of each blade as it passes the air inlet but has to travel round with
them until the exhaust opening is reached. This arrangement is more suitable for
rapid motion than for power and in consequence is suitable for Wheatstone rather
than for Hughes' instruments.
Figures 3 and 4 are sections of a motor formed in the above manner.
A is the outer casing-B the spindle with inclined blades C radiating from it―
Dis the air inlet and E the outlet.
In the well known Wheatstone automatic transmitter I by preference apply the
motor to the cam or crank spindle used for giving motion to the rocking lever by

page_text: which when any one or other of the two needles that bear against the travelling
perforated strip of paper has risen up through one of the perforations such neelle
is drawn back to its normal position. The rocking lever and needles are shown in
Figure 5. A A are the needles pressed up by the action of springs B. C is the
rocking lever turning on a fulcrum at C¹. D is the cam or crank spin lle by
which a rocking motion is given to the lever. The motor is appliel to this spindle
and revolves it continuously. For regulating the speed at which the instrument
is driven employ a regulating lever which in place of as heretofore regulating
the speed at which a governing fly is driven is caused to expand or contract the
hole by which the stream of air is admitted to the casing so that more or less air
will be admitted according as it is opened or closed. The ordinary stop lever at
the front of the instrument I retain and cause it, in addition to shifting the contact
bars at the bottom of the instrument as heretofore, to actuate a cut off valve for
cutting off all supply of air to the motor.
In the Hughes printing machine I apply the air motor preferably of the
construction herein first described directly to the axle which previously carried the
fly wheel of the instrument-the moving portion of the motor taking the place of
the fly wheel.
Figure 6 is a plan view of part of a Hughes printing machine having its axle Z
which previously carriel the fly wheel driven by the air motor A.
In the same manner air motors worked by a continuous current or stream of air
may be applied to the well known Morse instruments and to syphon recording an 1
other automatic recording or receiving instruments.
The advantages derived from driving transmitting or receiving instruments each
by a sinall air motor in the manner hereinbefore described are that the instruments
when so driven run continuously and are otherwise more satisfactory than when
driven by weight due partly to the fact that there is less wheelwork in the whole
instrument and partly to the fact that the motor exerts additional force when extra
opposition is encountered owing either to friction in the ordinary parts or to
bringing in of additional gear for printing.
When the instrument is running lightly the fans or discs of the motor simply
follow along with the moving stream of air but as soon as any opposition occurs
the compressed air banks up behind the fans due to their fitting piston like within
the casing and exerts additional force upon them.
The first cost of the instruments driven by air motors as above described is also
considerably reduced from those driven by weight and the cost of maintenance
proportionally decreased.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Electric telegraph transmitting and receiving instruments driven by small
quick running motors worked by a stream of compressed air substantially as
described.
2. The hereinbefore described arrangements for driving the well known
Wheatstone automatic transmitters by small air motors and for controlling the
driving of the motors substantially as described.
3. The hereinbefore described arrangements for driving the well known Hughes
printing machine by a small quick running air motor substantially as described.
4. An air motor constructed substantially as herein before described with
reference to Figures 1 and 2.
5. An air motor constructed substantially as herein before described with
reference to Figures 3 and 4.
13
J. W. WILLMOT.