Improvements in Oil Lamps.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 24th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 22nd Dec.,, 1894
TRUVIDIVNA VIT
Improvements in Oil Lamps.
I, CHARLES HIDE, of No. 2 Highton Terrace, St. Elizabeth Road, Worthing,
in the County of Sussex, Architect and Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
"An
That this present application is a modification, and simplification, of certain
parts of a mechanical device, constructed to control the operations of the
extinguisher in connection thereto, & which invention forms a supplimental device,
or alternative scheme to facilitate the accomplishment of the object, as set forth
in my Specification, filed June 4th 1892, No. 10641, and described therein as
improved means of automatically extinguishing Argand oil lamps, that is to say
lamps burning paraffin & other oils, having a circular wick, & a central air tube;
& also improved means for extinguishing such lamps at will, whether used either as
hanging or table lamps."
Before proceeding to explain this my invention in detail, I will now make a few
prefatory remarks relating to the accompanying drawings. These are intended to
show some of the different modes of applying, & methods of operating, the
particular part of the apparatus, which controls the automatic extinguishing
portion of my said invention.
They consist of a series of 5 sheets of drawings, & may be classified thus; in
Sheets Nos. 1. 2. 3. & 4 the controlling weight, is only governed by gravitation,
to effect the purpose intended.
In Sheet No. 5 this same part is controlled, partly by gravitation, and partly by
mechanical means to effect a similar purpose.
In Sheets No. 1 & 2, the controlling apparatus consists of a metal sphere,
confined within a space at the bottom of the lamp or base of the same.
In Sheet No. 3, this same part is suspended at the bottom of the lamp by means
of a ball joint in a socket provided for it, by which it is enabled to swing in any
direction.
In Sheet No. 4, the same part is suspended by cords or wires within the base
of lamp.
In Sheet No. 5, the same part is placed on a smooth metal plate, fixed at the
bottom of the base of the lamp, on the under side holes are made in same, in
which steel balls are placed, by means of which, the weight is enabled to move
with greater ease in any desired direction when tilted on either side.
This weight is also grasped by certain springs, which operate upon the same, &
bring it into exactly the same position as it formerly occupied, when the lamp
which had been thrown over or tilted on one side, is replaced in its normal or
upright position.
The method I have adopted so as to identify the description of the various
parts of this my invention, in this Specification, with the drawings, is as
follows:-
The part referred to under each head will be marked by a capital letter, over

page_text: which will be placed a figure corresponding to the number of the drawing, on
which the particular part is shown, thus :-
To Sheet No. 1 the parts will be marked A¹ B'C' &c.
To do.
To do.
2 do.
do.
do. A B C &c.
94
3 do.
do.
do.
A B C &c.
"
To
do.
4
do.
do.
do.
A B C &c.
"
To
do.
5
do.
do.
do.
A B C &c.
"
A' denotes the oil container.
B' denotes the moulded base of same.
C' denotes the air space within the central air tube.
D' denotes the central air tube, fixed to the oil container A', which forms the
inner casing of the wick holder.
E' denotes the tube attached to the upper portion of the lamp, & forms the outer
casing of the wick holder.
F¹ denotes the upper portion of the lamp, fitted to receive the chimney, & attached
to the oil container by means of a screw joint.
G' denotes the wick encased between the inner & outer tubes.
H' denotes guide piece bored & slotted for the wire rod, marked 1' to work in.
I' denotes the wire rod, which forms part of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus.
J denotes the spring, which operates the extinguishing apparatus.
K' denotes the small nut, to adjust the height of the extinguisher, & the
perforated tube attached.
L' denotes the extinguishing disc.
M' denotes the perforated tube attached to the extinguishing disc L'.
N' denotes small nut, to fix extinguisher to wire rod.
O¹ denotes perforated guide fixed in base through which the rod marked I¹
works.
P' denotes a fitting attached to base.
Q¹ denotes a wood or other fitting attached to base of lamp marked B¹, by means
of screws into fitting marked P¹.
R¹ denotes a brass or other fitting, fixed at bottom of base above the fitting Q',
to form a smooth surface on which the ball marked S' works.
S' denotes a steel or other metal ball, which takes a prominent part in the
controlling of the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
Sheet No. 2 Fig. 2.
A* denotes the oil container of lamp having a central air tube, somewhat similar
to the before mentioned one, with fitting attached to same, through which the air
passes, & to which the base & other fittings in connection therewith are attached.
B2 denotes the moulded base of same.
C² denotes the metal fitting forming bottom of lamp base.
D' denotes a wood or other fitting hollowed out to receive the fitting
marked E
E' denotes a brass or other metal fitting having a smooth concave surface, on
which the ball marked F' works.
F denotes a steel or other metal ball, which acts similarly to that mentioned
before marked S'.
G³ denotes a metal guide or fitting attached to base which gives direction &
steadyment to the wire rod, which slides up & down through the hole in the centre
of same.

page_text: P* denotes a steel rod which forms part of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus.
Q* denotes a small enlargement formed on the steel rod marked P³, against
which the spring marked R³ presses.
R* denotes a small steel spring which operates the automatic extinguisher.
A' denotes the oil container of a lamp similar to that previously described to
Sheet No. 2 Fig. 2.
B* denotes the moulded base of same.
C denotes an iron or other metal fitting forming bottom of lamp base.
D' denotes a brass or other fitting connecting the base marked B', with parts
marked E' & F' by means of screw joints.
E denotes the brass or other metal tube, furnished with stop end in same, holed
in centre so as to allow the wire rod marked I* to pass through it, & attached to
fitting marked D' by means of a screw joint.
F denotes a brass or other tube attached to the fitting marked E', fitted with a
screw joint on the upper end, so as to connect it to the fitting at the bottom of the
oil container marked A. This tube is also fitted with a stop at the upper end of
same, which is holed in the centre so as to act as a guide to the wire rod marked H*,
this same fitting is slotted so as to allow the handle attached to the connecting
piece marked G to work up or down.
G* denotes a metal fitting made to slide up & down within the tube F provided
with a handle attached thereto marked M*. The steel wires marked H & I' are
each attached to this fitting by a screw end.
H' denotes a steel rod, being part of the extinguishing apparatus, which is
screwed into the metal fitting G
1* denotes a steel rod, which also forms part of the extinguishing apparatus, &
attached to the fitting G by a screw end. There is an enlargement made on same
as shown at J to serve as an abutment for the spring to work against, & it passes
through the holes made for it, in the stops fixed in tubes.
J' denotes the enlargement on steel rod marked I* which forms an abutment, for
the spring marked K to work against.
K denotes the spring which operates the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
L* denotes a small brass or other metal tube screwed or otherwise attached to
stop end of tube marked E, to act as a steadyment to the part marked I.
M* denotes the handle which is attached to the fitting G', by which the
extinguisher is raised or lowered at will.
N* denotes a metal weight with hole in middle.
O* denotes cords or thin wires, arranged so as to suspend the metal weight N.
P* denotes the metal fitting, fixed in the centre of the hole made in the middle
of the weight marked N.
A denotes the oil container of lamp similar to last above mentioned (see A').
B* denotes the moulded base of same.
C* denotes an iron or other metal plate attached to base, the upper face has a 45
smooth surface.
D³ denotes a brass or other fitting, the same as described under the head of
item D above.
E denotes a similar fitting to that already described see E*.
Fs denotes a similar fitting to that before described (see F4).
G* denotes a similar fitting to that before described see G.
H* denotes a similar fitting to that before described see H*.
50

page_text: K³ denotes a similar fitting to that before described see K'.
L denotes a brass or other metal fitting, soddered or otherwise attached to
the base marked B³, a hole is made in the centre, to allow the rod marked !' to
pass through.
M' denotes a similar fitting to that already described see M*.
No denotes a metal weight, with hole in the middle also with holes on the under
surface, made for the reception of steel balls.
O denotes steel or other metal balls.
denotes a similar fitting, to that already described under the head of P.
Q' denotes studs, fixed in the metal bottom plate C, to which the springs are
attached for controlling the weight marked N³.
R' denotes the elastic, or, metal spring attached to the studs Q which controls the
action of the weight marked N³.
Sheet No 1. Fig. No. 1. is intended to show a vertical section of a small hand
lamp, it is fitted with a central tube, so as to supply a current of air to the flame
through the same, the air enters through perforation at the base of lamp. To this
is added, firstly a mechanical device substantially the same in construction as that
described, & forming a part of a previous invention of mine, for the automatic
extinguishment of the flame to oil lamps as set forth in my Specification, filed
June 4th 1892 No. 10641. And lastly the special apparatus which forms the
matter of this present application, which in this particular case consists of a brass
or other metal cup attached to the base of lamp (by means of certain fittings), & a
steel or other metal ball resting on same, by means of which the automatic
extinguisher working in connection with it, is controlled.
Within the base 13 of the lamp the metal ball S' is enclosed, & rests on a smooth
circular concave brass or other metal plate, such as denoted by the letter R' see
Fig. 1. this is held in position by appropriate & necessary fittings, such as denoted
by the parts P¹ & Q' see Fig. No. 1. attached to the base B. O' denotes a fitting
fixed to the base B' perforated so as to allow the air to be admitted up the air tube
space C, holed in the centre of same to allow the rod I of the extinguishing
apparatus to project & rest upon the ball S'.
When the lamp is placed in an upright position the ball S₁ gravitates to the
centre & rests there, the extinguishing apparatus I' also being immediately in the
centre of the lamp will enable it to rest upon the top of the ball S¹, in this position
the extinguishing apparatus contained in the air tube space, C¹ is held up so that
the lamp can be used. Should the lamp be considerably tilted over to any side, or
upset, the centre of gravity becomes changed & would act sideways as regards its
previous direction, consequently the ball S¹ would drop away from the position it
occupied in its upright state, & in consequence the spring of the extinguishing
apparatus would expand & operate the same so as to put out the lamp if lighted..
Sheet No. 2 Fig. No. 2 This drawing is intended to show a vertical section of a
similar kind of lamp as that above described with some slight modifications in the
construction of certain parts, which I will hereafter explain.
This particular lamp is fitted with a central air tube like the other, provision is
made for the ingress of the air to such tube through holes in a fitting attached to
the bottom of the same
The fitting J is attached by means of a screw joint to this particular fitting.
The upper part of the lamp is not shown on the drawing, but the extinguishing
disc perforated tube, & other fittings forming the extinguishing apparatus are
precisely the same as those shown on Sheet 1 Fig. No. 1 (which see marked
K L M N¹) these are attached in a similar way to the rod L'. The base of
the lamp is substantially the same as that shown on drawing No. 1 see Fig. No. 1
& is fitted with a smooth circular concave brass or other metal plate denoted by
the letter E see Fig. No. 2 securely attached to the base B' within the cavity, in
the hollow base is a steel ball F³, immediately above the ball F' is a fitting G

page_text: attached to the base B2 with a small hole made in the centre so as to allow the
passage of the steel wire M2 through it.
The intermediate parts between the base B2 & the oil container of lamp A² (see
Fig. 2) are parts of the mechanical device substantially the same in construction as
that described, & forming part of a previous invention of mine as set forth in my
Specification filed June 4th 1892 No. 10641 & also like that as shown to lamp
see Fig. No. 1 Sheet No. 1 but arranged so to have the steel spring which operates
the apparatus fitted & fixed in a tube which forms a handle to the lamp, & not in
the actual passage as in C¹ Fig. No. 1. In this latter case the central wire M²
of the automatic extinguishing apparatus can be raised or lowered at will by means
of a handle P2 fixed to the same.
In order to use this lamp lift the extinguishing apparatus by means of the
handle P² & the ball F2 will immediately fall into position. The remarks made
above as to the operation of the ball. & its uses in connection with the automatic
extinguishing apparatus immediately above it, & precisely the same as there
mentioned therefore need not to be repeated here. This lamp as I have already
mentioned has the advantage of raising or lowering the automatic apparatus by
means of the handle attached to the wire rod of same.
Sheet No. 3 Fig. No. 3 is intended to show a vertical section of a hanging lamp
fitted with a modification of my previous invention above mentioned stated June 4th
1892 No. 10641.
So far as the automatic extinguishing apparatus is concerned which in this
case is combined with an arm or stilt fitting attached to a weight swinging on
a ball joint in a socket formed in a fitting fixed in the space at the base of
same, L³ is a weight with an arm or stilt like fitting K³ attached to it, which last
is made with a ball joint arrangement & by it is suspended in a socket in centre of
the perforated fitting J³ fixed within the base B3 at the bottom of the lamp as
shown on the accompanying drawing see Fig. 3 designed so as to enable it to shift
the position of the top of the arm or stilt like fitting whenever the lamp is tilted
Bideways in any direction.
When the lamp is placed in an upright position the end of the steel rod P³ of the
extinguishing apparatus rests upon the top of the same & when placed in any other
position weight L³ gravitates in another direction & when the angle is sufficient to
overcome the friction of the wire rod on the surface of the arm connected to it,
operates so as to remove it from its original position & as a consequence the spring
operating the extinguishing apparatus expands & presses the rod P³ downward
until it brings down the extinguishing disc fitted at the upper end of the same upon
the wick enclosed between the tubes F³ & G³ so extinguishing the flame if the
lamp is lighted.
The parts forming the extinguishing apparatus are fitted up within the space E³
of the central air tube & are substantially the same as those described in my
Specification dated June 4th 1894 No. 10641.
The method of using this kind of lamp is precisely the same as described in this
Specification to that one as shown on accompanying drawing Sheet No. 1 Fig. No. 1
& need not therefore be repeated here.
Sheet No. 4 Fig. 4. This drawing is intended to shew a vertical section of a
similar kind of lamp to that already described in this Specification in connection
with that one shown on Sheet No. 2 Fig. 2 with some slight modifications in the
construction of certain parts.
The construction of this lamp is almost exactly the same as that shown on
Sheet No. 2. I shall now confine myself to pointing out the particular difference
of this one as compared with the other above mentioned. In the former case the
automatic extinguishing apparatus was controlled by the steel ball F2 working
in a cup shaped fitting secured in base of lamp, but in this case those
fittings are dispensed with, & the same apparatus is controlled by the weight N
suspended by cords or thin wires 0 to the slot end, fixed in the top of
fitting E, in the middle of this weight is a hole & in the centre of this hole is

page_text: a fitting or stud marked P in this arrangement there is no corresponding fitting
to G2 (Sheet 2 Fig. 2) but in order to provide a steadyment to the rod I', I have
arranged that a tube L' should be fixed to the top of the tube or fitting E of a
sufficient size to allow the enlargement J on rod 1' to work up & down inside the
same in every other respect the construction of the two lamps is exactly the same.
To set this lamp lift the extinguishing apparatus by means of the handle M' &
the weight N will gravitate to the centre the lamp being supported to be placed
on a level surface, when the said weight ceases to oscillate the stud P* will be.
placed immediately underneath the rod I of the automatic extinguishing apparatus,.
release the same, & this rod I will rest upon the stud P & so hold up the
extinguisher & other fittings attached at the other end of the rod H' & the
lamp can then be lighted. Now should this lamp be thrown over or tilted to
any great extent the weight N would gravitate, & as a consequence would
shift the stud P from its position under the rod 1' when the spring K would
expand similarly to that previously mentioned in the case of lamps as shown on
Sheet No. 2 Fig. 2 & extinguish the flame.
To extinguish this lamp by means of the extinguisher without overturning it or
blowing down the tube operate the same as to lamp No. 2.
Sheet No. 5 Fig. 5. This drawing is intended to show a vertical section of a
similar kind of lamp as that already described under the heading of that to
Sheet No. 2 Fig. 2. The only difference being in the construction of the apparatus
for the controlment of the automatic extinguisher.
This portion of the apparatus may be described thus. In lieu of the fitting G²
Sheet 2 Fig. 2 the fitting L' is fixed within the base B³ this acts as a steadyment.
to the wire rod 1 & also a fence to prevent the weight N° from getting out of its
proper place when tilted over or upset. The upper surface of the bottom plate
marked Cs having been made smooth & level studs are fixed on it for the purpose
of holding the springs which are to control the weight N', upon this said plate.
place the weight No which has been previously filled with its necessary fittings viz.:
The stud P fixed in the centre of the hole as shown & also the steel ball Os let
into socket on the under side of weight N5 then stretches the india-rubber bands,.
or wire springs R' over studs Q' as shown on Fig. No. 6 Sheet 5 so as to enclose
this weight No within their power. This done the same fitting is placed in position
within the base of lamp as shown, & attached to same by means of screws, this
completes the same & it can now be set ready for use.
To effect this lift the automatic extinguishing apparatus by means of the handle
or fitting M on doing so when the lamp is put upright the springs R which are
stretched over the studs Q exert their power upon the weight No & cause it by the
equal strain brought simultaneously to play upon it to rest in the centre, this brings
down the position of stud P (fixed in the hole of the weight N5) is immediately
beneath the bottom of the rod I of the automatic extinguisher let go this handle,
& the rod I will rest upon the said stud P³, this done the lamp is ready for
lighting.
Now should this lamp be thrown over or tilted to any great extent, the weight N*
would gravitate & roll in the direction of its being tilted, & consequently the
stud P would be withdrawn as a support to the rod 15 of the extinguishing
apparatus, the spring K' would expand & being similarly placed in relation with the
extinguisher would be brought down by its action on to the wick case & extinguish
the flame accordingly. As soon as the lamp is placed in an upright position, the
action of the springs R' is to press back the weight No to the centre, the steel balls
in the sockets underneath the weight assist the movement of the same.
To extinguish this lamp by means of the extinguisher without overturning it or
blowing down the chimney do as mentioned in previous cases.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1894.
:
CHARLES HIDE,
No. 2, Highton Terrace, Worthing, Applicant.,

page_text: I, CHARLES HIDE of No. 2 Highton Terrace St. Elizabeth Road Worthing
in the County of Sussex Architect and Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The within mentioned invention is a modification and simplification of certain
parts of a mechanical device constructed for the purpose of controlling the working
of the automatic extinguisher applicable to Argand oil lamps, that is to say lamps
burning paraffin and other oils having a circular wick and central air tube, and
forms a supplemental device, to those already described in my Specification filed
June 4th 1892 No. 10641.
The drawings referred to in this Specification are those accompanying my
Provisional Specification.
They consist of a series of 5 sheets.
The method adopted for the identification of the several parts is as follows.
The part referred to in this Specification will be denoted by a capital letter with
a figure attached corresponding to the number of the drawing on which it is
placed thus
Sheet No. 1
Sheet No. 2
The part would be denoted as A' or B¹ &c.
The part would be denoted as A or B &c.
The same rule applying to the remaining sheets Nos. 3, 4, & 5 respectively.
Sheet No. 1 Fig. No. 1.
A denotes the oil container of lamp.
B denotes the moulded base of same.
C¹ denotes the air space inside the central air tube.
D' denotes the central air tube fixed to the oil container A¹ which forms the
inner casing of the wick holder.
E' denotes the tube attached to the upper portion of the lamp and forms the
outer casing of the wick holder.
F¹ denotes the upper portion of the lamp fitted to receive the chimney and
attached to the oil container by means of a screw joint.
G¹ denotes the wick encased between the inner & outer tubes.
H¹ denotes guide piece bored and slotted for the wire rod marked I¹ to
work in.
1¹ denotes the wire rod which forms part of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus.
J' denotes the spring which operates the extinguishing apparatus.
K' denotes the small nut to adjust the height of the extinguisher and perforated
tube attached.
L' denotes the extinguishing disc.
M¹ denotes the perforated tube attached to the extinguishing disc L'.
N denotes small nut to fix extinguisher to wire rod.
O¹ denotes perforated guide fixed in the base through which the rod marked 1ª
works.
P¹ denotes a fitting attached to base..
Q' denotes a wood or other fitting attached to base of lamp marked B' by means
of screws into fitting marked P'.

page_text: K' denotes a brass or other fitting fixed at bottom of base, above the fitting Q'
to form a smooth surface on which the ball marked S' works.
S' denotes a steel or other metal ball which takes a prominent part in the
controlling of the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
Sheet No. 2 Fig. No. 2.
A' denotes the oil container of lamp having a central air tube somewhat similar
to the before mentioned one with fitting attached to same through which the air
passes, and to which the base and other fittings in connection therewith are
attached.
B2 denotes the moulded base of same.
C* denotes the metal fitting forming bottom of lamp base.
D' denotes a wood or other fitting hollowed out to receive the fitting E³.
E' denotes a brass or other metal fitting having a smooth concave surface, on
which the ball marked F' works.
F2 denotes a steel or other metal ball which acts similarly to that mentioned
before marked S¹.
G* denotes a metal guide or fitting attached to base, which gives direction and
steadyment to the wire rod which slides up and down through the hole in the
centre of same.
H' denotes the brass or other metal fitting connecting the base marked B' with
parts marked I & J' by means of screw joints.
J* denotes the brass or other metal tube furnished with stop end in same holed
in centre so as to allow the wire rod marked M' to pass through it, and attached.
to fitting marked H' by means of a screw joint.
J denotes a brass or other tube attached to the fitting marked I' fitted with
screw joint on upper part so as to connect it to the fitting at bottom of oil container
marked A
This tube is also fitted with a stop at the upper end of same which is holed in
centre so as to act as a guide to wire rod marked M' this same fitting is slotted so
as to allow the handle attached to the connecting piece marked K² to work up or
down.
K denotes a metal fitting made to slide up and down within the tube J provided
with a handle attached thereto marked P%. The steel wires marked L' & M² are
each attached to this fitting by a screwed end.
L* denotes a steel rod being part of the extinguishing apparatus which is screwed
into the metal fitting marked K².
M² denotes a steel rod which also forms part of the extinguishing apparatus
and attached to the fitting K2 by a screw end, there is an enlargement made on
same as shewn at N2 to serve as an abutment for the spring to work against, and
passes through the holes made for it in the stops fixed in tubes.
N' denotes the enlargement on steel rod marked M' which forms an abutment
for the spring marked (* to work against.
O' denotes a steel or other spring which operates the automatic extinguishing
apparatus.
P* denotes the handle which is attached to the fitting K' by which the extinguisher
is raised or lowered at will.
Sheet No. 3 Fig. No. 3.
A³ denotes the oil container of lamp.
B³ denotes the moulded base of same attached to lamp.
C³ denotes a piece of brass or metal tube added to the moulded base marked B
to give the necessary space for works.
D* denotes the movable cover attached by means of a screw and other fittings
to the bottom of the tube marked C³.
T 1
1
inka markad s

page_text: M* denotes the handle which is attached to the fitting G, by which the
xtinguisher is raised or lowered at will.
N* denotes a metal weight with hole in middle.
O denotes cords or thin wires arranged so as to suspend the metal weight N*.
P* denotes the metal fitting fixed in the centre of the hole made in the middle of
he weight marked N*.
A denotes the oil container or lamp summar to last above men
B* denotes the moulded base of same.
C* denotes an iron or other metal plate attached to base, the upper face has a
smooth surface.
D³ denotes a brass or other fitting, the same as described under the head of
tem D above.
E' denotes a similar fitting to that already described see E*.
F denotes a similar fitting to that before described see F*.
G' denotes a similar fitting to that before described see G*.
H' denotes a similar fitting to that before described see H*.
I denotes a similar fitting to that before described see 1*.
J denotes a similar fitting to that before described see J*.
K denotes a similar fitting to that before described see K*.
L' denotes a brass or other metal fitting soldered or otherwise attached to the
base marked B. A hole is made in the centre to allow the rod marked 15 to pass
through.
M' denotes a similar fitting to that before described see M*.
N' denotes a metal weight with a hole in the middle also with holes on the under
surface made for the reception of steel balls.
O denotes steel or other metal balls.
P* denotes a similar fitting to that already described see P.
Q' denotes studs fixed in the metal bottom plate C to which the springs are
attached for controlling the weight marked N³.
R denotes the elastic or metal springs attached to the studs Q which control
the action of the weight marked N³.
Sheet No. 1 Fig. No. 1 is a vertical section of a small hand lamp fitted with a
Within
central tube through which a current of air passes to the flame above.
the air space of the central tube and base a mechanical device is fitted and fixed
substantially the same in construction as that described and forming part of a
previous invention of mine for the automatic extinguishing of the Hame to oil
lamps as set forth in my Specification filed June 4th 1892, No. 10641, to which is
added the particular apparatus which forms the present special improvement.
This consists of a brass or other metal cup attached to the base of lamp and a
polished metal ball or sphere resting thereou. By referring to the drawing it will
be seen within the base B¹ of the lamp. The metal ball S¹ is enclosed and rests
on a smooth circular coucave brass or other metal plate such as denoted by the
letter R' see Fig. 1. This is held in position by appropriate & necessary fittings
such as denoted by the parts P' & Q'see Fig. No. 1 attached to the base B¹.
O denotes a fitting fixed to base B' perforated so as to allow air to be admitted
up the air space Choled in the centre of same to allow the rod 1' of the
extinguishing apparatus to project and rest upon the ball S'.
When the lamp is placed in an upright position the ball S¹ gravitates to the
centre and rests there. The extinguisher rod 1' also being immediately in the centre
of the lamp, will enable it to rest upon the top of the ball S¹ in this position the
extinguishing apparatus contained in the air tube space C' is held up so that the
lamp can be used. Should the lamp be considerably tilted over to any side or
upset the centre of gravity becomes changed and would act sideways the ball S¹
would drop away from the position it occupied in its upright state and consequently

page_text: the spring of the extinguishing apparatus would expand & operate the same so as
to put out the lamp if lighted.
Sheet No. 2 Fig. No. 2. This drawing is intended to shew a vertical section of
a similar kind of lamp having a central air tube fixed within it as last described,
provision in this case is made for the ingress of the air to such tube through the
holes in a fitting attached to the bottom of the same. The fitting J is secured to
its corresponding part by means of a screw joint.
The upper part of this lamp is not shewn on the drawings but the extinguishing
disc perforated tube and other fittings forming the extinguishing apparatus are
precisely the same as those shewn on Sheet No. 1 Fig. No. 1 (which see denoted
thereon by the letters K', L, M³, & N',) these are attached in a similar way to
the rod L³.
On reference to the drawing it will be seen, the base of this lamp is substantially
the same as that as shewn on drawing No. 1 see Fig. No. 1 & is fitted with a
smooth circular concave brass or other metal plate denoted by the letter E see
Fig. No. 2 securely attached to base B' within the cavity in this hollow base, is a
steel ball F2 immediately above the ball F' is a fitting G2 attached to the base B³
with a small hole made in the centre so as to allow the passage of the steel wire M²
through it.
The intermediate parts between the base B2 and the oil container of lamp A³
(see Fig. 2.) are parts of a mechanical device substantially the same in construction
as that described and forming part of a previous invention of mine as set forth in
my Specification filed June 4th 1892 No. 10641, and also like that as shewn to
lamp see Fig. No. 1 (Sheet No. 1) but arranged so as to have the steel spring
which operates the apparatus fitted & fixed in a tube which forms a handle to the
lamp and not in the actual air passage as in C¹ Fig. No. 1. In this latter case the
central wire M² of the automatic extinguishing apparatus can be raised or lowered
at will by means of a handle P2 fixed to the same.
The action of this combined apparatus is precisely similar to that already
described in the previous case the only difference between this one & that, is that
the extinguisher can be lowered at will if required, by slightly tilting the lamp
sideways & allowing the ball to fall away from the centre, in such a case the
support being removed from under the central rod of the extinguishing apparatus
it is free to be operated upon as may be desired by the operator.
Sheet No. 3 Fig. No. 3 is intended to shew a vertical section of a hanging lamp
fitted with a modification of my previous invention above mentioned dated June 4th
1892 No. 10641.
So far as the automatic extinguishing apparatus is concerned which in this case
consists of a weight with an arm or stilt like fitting attached to it made so as to
swing on a ball joint in a socket arrangement made for it in a fitting fixed within
the space at the base of lamp. On reference to the drawing it will be seen
L³ denotes the weight fitted with the arm or stilt like fitting K³ attached to it, this
is supported in its position within the space at bottom of lamp on which the weight
rests.
(The parts forming the extinguishing apparatus are fitted within the space E3 of
the central air tube & substantially the same as those described in my Specification
dated June 4th 1892 No. 10641.)
When the lamp is placed in an upright position the end of the steel rod P³ of
the extinguishing apparatus rests upon the top of the same & when tilted sideways
in any way the weight L³ gravitates accordingly & the effect is that it removes
the arm or stilt like fitting K' from under the rod P³. The rod P³ being left
without support is forced downwards by means of the spring R³. This having the
extinguishing disc & other fittings attached to it as before described is brought by
the expansion of the spring down upon the wick & encloses both of the wick
tubes F & G within the channel of the same, thus extinguishing the flame if the
lamp be lighted.
The method of using this kind of lamp is precisely the same as described in

page_text: this Specification to that one shewn on the accompanying drawing Sheet No. I
Fig. No. 1 which see.
Sheet No. 4 Fig. No. 4. This drawing is intended to show a vertical section of
a similar kind of lamp to that already described in this Specification in connection
with that one shewn on Sheet No. 2 Fig. No. 2 with some slight modification in
the construction of certain parts.
The construction of this lamp is almost exactly the same as that on Sheet No. 2.
I shall now confine myself to pointing out the particular difference of this one as
compared with the other above mentioned.
In the former case the automatic extinguishing apparatus was controlled by the
steel ball F working in a cup shaped fitting E secured in base of lamp, but in
this case those fittings are dispensed with & the same apparatus is controlled by
the weight N suspended by cords or thin wires O to the stop end fixed in top of
fitting E in the middle of this weight is a hole & in the centre of this hole is a
fitting or stud marked P*.
In this arrangement there is no corresponding fitting to G2 (Sheet No. 2
Fig. No. 2) but in order to provide a steadyment to the rod I* I have arranged
that a tube L' should be fixed to the top of the tube or fitting E' of a sufficient
size to allow the enlargement J* on rod I to work up & down inside the same.
To set this lamp lift the extinguishing apparatus by means of the handle M* &
the weight N will gravitate to the centre the lamp being supposed to be on a
level surface when the said weight ceases to oscillate the stud P will be placed
immediately underneath the rod 1 of the automatic extinguishing apparatus,
release the same & this rod I will rest upon this stud P₁ & so hold up the
extinguisher & other fitting attached at the other end of the rod H & the lamp
can then be lighted. Now should this lamp be thrown over or tilted to any great
extent the weight N would gravitate, & as a consequence would shift the stud P*
from its position under the rod I when the spring K* would expand similarly to
that previously mentioned in the case of lamp as shewn on Sheet No. 2 Fig. No. 2
& extinguish the flame.
To extinguish this lamp by means of this extinguisher without overturning it or
blowing down the tube operate the same as to lamp No. 2.
Sheet No. 5 Fig. No. 5. This drawing is intended to shew a vertical section of
a similar kind of lamp as that already described under the heading of that to
Sheet No. 2 Fig. No. 2.
The only difference being in the construction of the apparatus for the controlment
of the automatic extinguisher. This portion of the apparatus may be described
thus, in lieu of the fitting G Sheet No. 2 Fig. No. 2. the fitting L is fixed within
the base B this acts as a steadyment to the wire rod 1' & also a fence to prevent
the weight N' from getting out of its proper place when tilted over or upset. The
upper surface of the bottom plate marked C having been made smooth & level,
studs are fixed on it for the purpose of holding the springs which are to control
the weight N³. Upon this said plate place the weight N and its necessary
fittings viz., the stud P fixed in the centre of the hole as shewn & also the steel
balls Olet into sockets on the underside of weight N' then stretch the india-
rubber bands or wire springs R' over studs Q' as shewn on Fig. No. 6 Sheet No. 5
so as to enclose this weight N within their power. This done the same fitting is
placed in position within the base of lamp as shewn & attached to same by means
of screws, this completes the same & it can now be set ready for use.
To effect this lift the automatic extinguishing apparatus by means of the handle
or fitting M on doing so when the lamp is put upright the springs R' which are
stretched over studs Q' exert their power upon the weight No & cause it by the
equal strain brought simultaneously to play upon it, to rest in the centre, this
being done the position of the stud P³ (fixed in the hole of the weight N') is
brought immediately under the bottom of the rod Is of the automatic extinguisher
on the release of the handle M' (by which the rod I can be lifted) it will rest
upon the said stud P.

page_text: In the overthrow of the lamp or the tilting it over to any great extent the
weight N would gravitate and roll away from the central position consequently
the stud P5 would be withdrawn from under the rod 1. The spring K would
then operate and bring the extinguishing apparatus attached at the upper end of
same down upon the flame and extinguish it as in former cases as soon as the lamp
is replaced in an upright position the springs R' would readjust the weight in
its central position provided the rod 1' is raised to admit of its passage under
the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
Claim No. 1. An automatic apparatus enclosed within the base of a lamp
designed to control the action of the automatic extinguishing apparatus as
applicable to an Argand central draft oil lamp comprising a sphere or ball, a
circular concave fitting or cup having a smooth surface with slight depression in the
centre of same so that when the ball is placed upon it it may invariably gravitate
to the same point and rest thereon. A guide or fitting attached to the base of
lamp holed in centre so as to permit the passage of the end of the rod of the
automatic extinguisher through it so constructed and arranged that when
the lamp is placed in an upright position and the automatic extinguishing
apparatus is lifted sufficiently high the sphere or ball gravitates to the
centre of the aforesaid circular concave fitting or cup and rests upon the
spot where the slight depression exists. The hole in the guide piece fixed
to the base of lamp immediately above the space alotted for the sphere of
ball to work in being directly over the centre of the ball while at rest the end
of the rod of the automatic extinguisher (fixed in the central air tube above) being
placed through it & allowed free play would necessarily rest upon the top of the
said ball while this continues the extinguisher attached to the other end of
the extinguishing apparatus is upheld so that the lamp may be used or lighted,
but as soon as the lamp is tilted sideways or overturned the action caused by the
gravity of the ball makes it fall away sideways into the space provided for it
within the base of lamp the rod of the extinguishing apparatus being devoid of
support is projected by its spring downwards this continues until it has brought
the extinguishing disc attached to the other end of same down upon the wick and
by this means extinguishes the flame if lighted substantially as described.
Claim No. 2. A similar automatic apparatus enclosed within the base of a lamp
designed to control the action of the automatic extinguishing apparatus to an
Argand central draft oil lamp comprising a weight with a projecting fitting or arm
piece by which it is suspended within the base of the lamp so constructed and
arranged that when the lamp is placed in an upright position having the weight
with its projecting fitting or arm piece attached and suspended in position at the
bottom of the lamp the lower end of the rod of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus should rest upon the top of the said projection or arm piece attached to
the weight while this remains there the extinguisher attached to the upper end of
the same rod of the automatic extinguisher is held up so that the lamp may be
lighted and used but as soon as the lamp is tilted sideways or overturned the
weight gravitates accordingly and in doing so the projecting fitting or arm piece
which acted as a support to hold up the rod of the automatic extinguisher ceases
to do so and consequently the spring operating the same expands and projects it
downwards until the extinguisher attached to the same is brought down upon the
wick enclosed within its coverings or tubes and extinguishes the flame if lighted
substantially as described.
Claim No. 3. A sinfilar automatic apparatus enclosed within the base of a lamp
designed to control the action of the automatic extinguishing apparatus to an
Argand central draft oil lamp comprising a weight suspended within the base of
lamp having a circular hole sunk in the middle of it from the top towards the

page_text: bottom in the centre of which is fixed a support or stilt. so constructed and
arranged that when the lamp is placed in an upright position the stud (above
mentioned as a support or stilt) fixed in the centre of the hole of the suspended
weight automatically adjusts itself by gravitation to such a position so as to give
the necessary support to the rod of the automatic extinguishing apparatus situated
within the central air tube of the lamp. So long as this continues the extinguisher
attached to the upper end of the aforesaid rod is upheld so that the lamp may be
lighted and used but as soon as the lamp is tilted sideways or overturned the
weight shifts from its original position by gravitation and in so doing the support
is removed from under the extinguisher rod the spring operating the same
immediately acts with a result similar to that as last above mentioned substantially
as described.
Claim No. 4. A similar automatic apparatus enclosed within the base of a lamp
designed to control the action of the automatic extinguishing apparatus to an
Argand central draft oil lamp comprising a weight of substantially similar
construction with the last above mentioned with holes made on the under part in
which are placed steel balls. This weight instead of being suspended as in the
previous case is placed upon a smooth metal plate fixed at the bottom of the base
of lanip. The balls working in the holes made in the bottom of same enable it to
traverse the plate with greater ease than it otherwise would without them. Springs
attached to studs fixed to the bottom plate or outside casing of base of lamp
surround the same and press it equally from all sides towards the centre a fitting
is fixed within the space of base of lamp immediately above the weight which acts
as a stay to prevent the disarrangement of parts connected with the weight, in the
centre of same is a hole and through it the rod of the extinguishing apparatus
passes and works up and down. It is so constructed & arranged that when the
lamp is placed in an upright position and the automatic extinguishing apparatus is
lifted sufficiently high, the weight within the space of the base being operated
upon by the springs equally from all sides bring the same into the position so that
the stud fixed within the centre of the hole in same is immediately under the hole
in the fitting above through which the rod of the extinguishing apparatus works.
The stud continues to support the rod so long as the lamp remains in such a
position during which time the extinguisher attached to the other end of same is
held up so that the lamp may be lighted and used but as soon as the lamp is tilted
sideways or overturned the weight shifts from its original position by gravitation
and in so doing the support is removed from under the extinguisher rod. The
spring operating the same immediately acts with a result similar to that as last
above mentioned substantially as described.
Claim No. 5. The combination of a spring controled extinguisher hood perforated
tube central rod guide and other fittings, substantially the same as set forth in my
Specification filed June 4th 1892 No. 10641 constituting the automatic extinguishing
apparatus above mentioned with the apparatus as mentioned in Claim No. 1 here
above given substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Claim No. 6. The combination of the several parts as mentioned in Claim No. 5
above substantially the same as set forth in my Specification filed June 4th 1892
No. 10641 constituting the automatic extinguishing apparatus above mentioned
with the apparatus as mentioned in Claim No. 2 here above given substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
Claim No. 7. The combination of the several parts as mentioned in Claim No. 5
above substantially the same as set forth in my Specification filed June 4th 1892
No. 10641 constituting the automatic extinguishing apparatus above mentioned
with the apparatus as mentioned in Claim No. 3 here above given substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
Claim No. 8. The combination of the several parts as mentioned in Claim No. 5
above substantially the same as set forth in my Specification filed June 4th 1892
No. 10641 constituting the automatic extinguishing apparatus above mentioned in
Claim No. 4 here above given substantially as and for the purpose specified.

page_text: Claim No. 9. An oil lamp provided with an automatic extinguisher and automatic
controling apparatus complete as mentioned above in Claim No. 5 constructed
substantially as described with reference to Figures Nos. 1 & 2 see Sheets
Nos. 1 & 2 or to Fig. No. 3 see Sheet No. 3, or to Fig. No. 4 see Sheet No. 4 or to
Figs. No. 5 & 6 see Sheet No. 5 of the accompanying drawings and operating as
and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 21st day of September 1894.
CHARLES HIDE,
2, Highton Terrace, Worthing, Applicant.