Improvements in Tilt Hammers.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 18th Mar., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tilt Hammers.
I, JOHN WILLIAM KILNER, of the Firm of John Kilner and Sons, Glass Bottle
Manufacturers, Calder Vale Glass Works, Wakefield, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
A tilt hammer, constructed in accordance with my invention, comprises a
revolving shaft with cam blocks or tappets, mechanism comprising spring devices
controlled by the foot for bringing about the working, that is the rise and fall of
the hammer shaft and for varying the force of the blow, and a device for avoiding
detrimental vibrations of the foot lever when the hammer is at work.
more
means
The frame of the hammer carries at its front side bearings for a tilting shaft, on
which the hammer shaft is mounted, and which forms the axis about which the
hammer tilts. Across the side frames and parallel with the tilting shaft is provided
a rotating driving shaft, driven by a belt and pulley, and carrying a cam plate
or disc. This cam plate is provided with slot holes, so that the cam blocks or
tappets by means of bolts and nuts can be attached to the disc in an adjustable
manner. thereby increasing the lift or blow of the hammer as the cam blocks are
moved further from the centre of the rotating cam plate. The cam blocks, when
the fixing bolts are slack can also be adjusted by tilting them about the fixing bolts.
These cam blocks catch against the end of the short or tappet arm of the hammer
shaft thereby tilting up the hammer for striking the blow.
The blow of the falling hammer is reinforced and rendered
rapid. than would be the case if due merely to gravity, by
of a strong spiral spring: one end of which is attached to the long
arm of the hammer shaft at a suitable and convenient distance from
its axis. The opposite lower end of the spring is attached to a chain.
This chain passes round a pulley carried from the base of the hammer frame, and
thence to the free end of a hinged bent lever. A long foot lever, hinged to the
base at the back of the hammer frames, carries an anti-friction cam roller; which,
as the foot lever is depressed, moves along and presses against one edge of the bent
lever, forcing back the bent lever: thereby pulling down the long arm of the
hammer shaft through the above mentioned chain and spiral spring. The anti-
friction cam roller may, by a suitable arrangement of the positions of various parts
of the machine, or by suitably shaping the edge of the bent lever, be arranged to
be carried direct from the foot lever; or indirectly from the latter, for example
from a vertical bar, the upper end of which is steadied by a guide or guide pulley.

page_text: A second spiral spring is provided, the lower end of which is connected to some
convenient fixed part of the frame of the machine, whilst the other end is attached
to the short or tappet arm of the hammer shaft. This spring and its connections
are so adjusted, that when the above mentioned foot lever is free, the second spring
holds the tappet or short arm of the hammer shaft just clear of the cam blocks
on the cam plate or disc.
When the operator now places his foot upon and depresses the foot lever, the said
cam roller presses back the bent lever, draws the chain back and down, and through
the spring draws down the long arm of the hammer shaft; thereby tilting up the
short arm into contact with the cam blocks on the cam plate. These in turn
depress the short arm and tilt up the long arm of the hammer shaft, whereby the
first mentioned spiral spring is distended; and the strain thus produced acts to
reinforce the gravitation pull on the hammer; which is sharply brought down on
the anvil. So long as the operator keeps his foot on the foot lever, the above
operations are repeated.
The first mentioned spring may have the chain attached to it, connected direct
to the foot lever after passing round a couple of guide pulleys; but with such an
arrangement, the pull or strain on the first mentioned spiral spring acts directly
on the foot lever in a direction in which the foot lever is free to move, and causes
such violent vibrations of the foot lever as seriously to interfere with the manipula-
tion by the operator of the work under the hammer. The object of the above
mentioned indirect connection (by means of hinged bent lever and cam roller),
of the spring to the foot lever is for the purpose of avoiding the just mentioned
disadvantage and it will be observed, that the above described arrangement
effects this by transmitting strain of the said spring to the foot lever in a direction
at right angles to, the direction of the movement of the foot lever.
It will be also evident that to effect this latter purpose, the shape of the hinged
bent lever and the connection of the cam roller to the foot lever may be varied;
the former according to the latter, and the relative positions of the shafts or pins
on which the bent lever and the foot lever are hinged.
And in order that my invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed may be more readily and clearly understood I have annexed hereto
the accompanying sheet of drawings, illustrating a double tilt hammer constructed
in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation.
Fig. 2 is on the left hand a cross section on line A B C D of Fig. 1, and on the
right hand a back elevation.
Fig. 3 is a plan looking on the top.
Fig. 4 shews an alternative method of carrying the roller w.
a a are the side frames or standards, carrying the driving shaft 6 in bearings c c.
d, and d are the fast and loose pulleys.
ee are the cam plates, secured on the ends of the shaft b.
9 are the cam blocks, adjustably secured to the cam plates e by bolts.
h is the tilting shaft.
i is the short or tappet arm of the hammer shaft.
j is the long arm of the same.
m is the spiral spring attached at one end to the short arm i, and at its other end
to a stud n attached to the standard or side frame a.
is a spiral spring, attached by one end to the long arm of the hammer shaft,
and at the other lower end to the chain p, passing round the guide pulley g. The
opposite end of this chain is attached to the end of the bent lever r, which is
hinged on the pin s.
t is the foot lever, hinged on the cross shaft and having a bracket plate v,
carrying the antifriction roller w. The upper end of the bracket plate v bears
against the roller x.
is the hammer attached to the end of the long arm of the hammer shaft j.
The mode of operation is as follows;-
-

page_text: On shifting the belt on to the fast pulley d₁, the shaft 6 is set in rotation, and
carries round the cam plates e and cam blocks g. The tension on the spring m
holds down the short arm i out of contact with the cam blocks g as they revolve.
The operator on placing his work on the anvil, puts his foot on the end plate of the
foot lever t, and depresses the sanie. This movement brings the roller w against,
and moves it down along the front edge of the bent lever r; forcing back the latter,
and pulling the chain p and spiral spring o, and thereby the long arm of the
hammer shaft down, tilting the short or tappet arm i, until as shewn in dotted
lines in Fig. 1. it comes within the circle of the cam blocks g; each of which in
turn forces the tappet arm down and the long arm up and distending the
spring o, the lower end of which is held down, by the pressure of the foot of the
operator, on the end of the foot lever t. As each cam block g leaves the end of
the tappet armi, the weight of the hammer and the pull of the distended
spring o, brings the hammer sharply down on to the work on the anvil.
It will be evident that the hammer remains in action, so long as the foot levert is
kept pressed down by the foot of the operator; and also that by varying the depres-
sion of the foot lever t, the extension and strain of the spiral spring o can be
varied, enabling the operator to give a light or heavy blow at pleasure.
It will also be evident that the sudden extension and release of the spring o
imparts a succession of jerks or strong vibrations to the chain p and bent lever r,
which are transmitted to the roller in a direction at right angles to the contact
surface between the two. As this direction is parallel to the foot lever, the jerks
are resisted by the roller and the cross shaft w; and none are transmitted in a
vertical direction, that is, in the direction in which the foot lever t is free to move,
so that the detrimental vibrations of the foot lever previously referred to are
avoided.
In place or, of in addition to the roller æ, a spring may be employed to take the
jerks or vibrations transmitted to the bracket plate v. The roller may be dis-
pensed with, by attaching the roller w, or the upper end of the lever v, to a spring
fixed to some convenient part of the frame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In power tilt hammers the combination of a tilting hammer shaft, two springs
connected at their upper ends to said shaft on opposite sides of the axis about which
said tilt hammer tilts, the lower end of the spring connected to the longer arm
of the hammer shaft being connected to the end of a hinged bent lever and the lower
end of the spring attached to the short or tappet arm of the hammer shaft being
attached to some convenient fixed point of the machine, and a foot lever arranged to
act on said hinged bent lever, to pull down the spiral spring connected to the shaft
lever, substantially as herein set forth.
2. In power tilt hammers the combination of parallel shafts b and h having
respectively cam plates e with cam or tappet blocks g and hammer shaft i j mounted
thereon, spiral spring m attached at one end to the short tappet arm i and at the
other end to some convenient fixed point of the machine, spiral spring o attached
at one end to the longer arm j near the shaft h and at the other end to a chain p
passing round a guide pulley 7, a hinged bent lever r to the end of which said
chain p is attached, and foot levert provided with antifriction roller w acting
so as to move said bent lever when depressed by the foot, all substantially as
herein set forth and or illustrated.
3. In power tilt hammers the employment of a hinged bent lever connected
from its end to the spring employed for pulling down the hammer shaft and moved
by the depression of the foot lever for the purpose of avoiding or minimising the
vibrations set up by the alternate distension and recoil of said spring substantially
as herein set forth.

page_text: 4. The general arrangement and combination of the various parts forming my
improved tilt hammer substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
11 of somhan 1000
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
30, Park Row, Leeds,
Agent for Applicant.