IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Harvey the younger of Yardley in the County
of Worcester Manager of Works and William Paddock of Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Machinist for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Harvey, the younger,
and William Paddock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
26th June 1883.
CHARLES HARVEY the younger of Yardley in the County of Worcester Manager
of Works and WILLIAM PADDOCK of Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Machinist "
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
"
Our invention has for its object to enable the rider on a tricycle bicycle or other
velocipede to drive it at different speeds at pleasure and also to ungear the crank
shaft from the driving wheels at pleasure so that the vehicle may advance while
the cranks are at rest
Our improvements are especially applicable to tricycles but are also applicable
to bicycles and other velocipedes.
We will describe our invention as applied to a tricycle.
On the end of the pedal shaft we fix an arm carrying a pin parallel to the shaft.
We will call this arm the crank plate and the pin the crank pin. On the crank
pin is a short sleeve working freely thereon. The said sleeve has in it a slot
passing obliquely round it through about one quarter of its circumference. Upon
the said sleeve is a pinion and a pin in the interior of this pinion engages in the
oblique slot in the sleeve. The outer end face of this pinion is formed into an
annular ratchet: A neck or collar is turned in the said pinion near its outer end
so as to divide the pinion into two portions the teeth of the inner part being much
longer than the teeth of the outer part: On the end of the crank pin a cap or
collar is screwed. The inner end of this cap enters the central opening in the .
pinion and the said inner end of the cap carries a spring or springs which press
against the end of the sleeve described and forcing it against the crank plate
produce sufficient friction to prevent it being turned by the motion upon it of the

page_text: pinion. The end of the said cap has a head of a diameter equal to that of the
pinion and the inner face of the said head is formed into an annular ratchet
suitable for engaging with the annular ratchet on the end of the pinion. Upon
the end of the crank shaft a cylindrical box or drum turns freely the crank plate
and crank pin described being situated within the said drum. The said drum may
have teeth on its cylindrical exterior so as to make it the chain wheel of the
tricycle. On the interior cylindrical surface of the said drum teeth are made
thus constituting the said drum a hollow toothed wheel. With this hollow toothed
wheel the pinion on the crank pin gears.
The action of the parts described is as follows:-When the tricycle is at rest
and there is no pressure on the pedals the sleeve is pressed inwards by the action
of the springs described on the sleeve carrying the pinion and in this position of
the pinion the ratchet on its end is ungeared from the ratchet on the inner face of
the cap on the end of the crank pin. On the foot of the rider pressing on one of
the pedals a rotary motion is communicated to the pedal shaft by which motion
the crank pin carrying the pinion is carried round. As the motion of the hollow
toothed wheel constituting the chain wheel is resisted by the inertia of the tricycle
the carrying forward of the pinion causes its rotation by its gearing with the
stationary hollow toothed wheel. But the turning of the said pinion causes the
pin in its interior to travel along the oblique slot in the sleeve and thus produce a
sliding motion outwards of the said pinion. By this sliding outwards of the
pinion the ratchet on its end is made to gear with the ratchet on the cap on the
end of the crank pin and the rotary motion of the pinion is arrested. The whole
of the parts now move together without any motion among themselves and the
tricycle is propelled at its normal speed that is each rotation of the pedal shaft is
accompanied with one rotation of the hollow drum or chain wheel.
In going down hill the rider has only to rest his feet on the pedals so as to
preserve the pedal shaft stationary when the advancing motion of the tricycle
ungears the pinion and the vehicle advances while the pedals are at rest.
In ascending a bill the rider is enabled to gain power at the sacrifice of speed
by the following arrangement A vertical rod capable of a vertical sliding motion
carries at its bottom end a fork the inner faces of which are furnished with ribs of
a size and shape suitable for engaging in the neck or collar in the pinion and when
the fork is depressed and its ribs engaged in the said neck or collar the sliding
motion of the pinion is prevented and the ratchet of the said pinion cannot engage
with the ratchet of the cap on the end of the crank pin. At the top of the fork
that is at the junction of the two arms are two teeth which when the fork is
lowered engage with the teeth respectively of the two portions of the pinion and
prevent its rotation. Hence when the pedal shaft is turned its inotion is trans-
mitted through the crank più and pinion to the hollow toothed chain wheel. But
as the pinion cannot rotate on the pin carrying it each rotation of the said pin is
accompanied by a virtual backward rotation of the pinion and the motion which
would otherwise have been communicated by the said pinion to the hollow toothed
wheel is diminished by the amount of this virtual back rotation of the pinion.
Thus if the hollow toothed wheel has say thirty six teeth and the pinion twelve
teeth one rotation of the crank pin carrying the pinion will communicate one
rotation to the hollow toothed wheel less the angle containing the number of teeth
equal to the number of the teeth of the pinion. In other words the hollow toothed
wheel on each rotation of the pedal shaft will be advanced through one rotation or
thirty six teeth less the virtual back rotation of the twelve teeth of the pinion
that is the said hollow toothed wheel will advance through twenty four teeth.
Hence the rate of travelling of the tricycle will now be only two thirds of its
normal rate but the rider's power will be proportionately increased.
Instead of the vertical rod and fork described for working the speed gear the
following arrangement of parts and modification of the said gear may be adopted.
In place of the neck or collar in the pinion we make a flange or projecting ring
having in its edge four or other number of cross notches or depressions. To the
1.

page_text: framing of the machine and within easy reach of the rider's hand we joint a
horizontal rod to which a vertical rod is jointed. The lower end of the said vertical
rod carries a tube the lower end of which terminates in a clip working on the
flange or ring on the pinion. A second light vertical rod is jointed at top to the
first named vertical rod by means of a short hand lever which when turned on one
side holds the light rod in its raised position but which when turned on the other
side of the centre permits the light rod to descend the descent being assisted by a
coiled spring. This light rod has a joint near its middle to permit of a slight
swivelling motion and its lower part is situated in the tube of the first described
rod. The lower end of the light rod terminates in a horizontal bolt. The inner
face of the head of the cap on the end of the crank pin besides having the ratchet
teeth described has at its margin two inclines in opposite directions each extending
through about one half the circumference.
The action of the parts is as follows:-When the rider wishes to proceed at slow
speed he turns the hand lever into the position which permits the light rod to
descend. The descent of the said rod causes the horizontal bolt at its bottom to
descend and rest upon the periphery of the head of the cap. When the cap comes
into the position which brings the lowest part of its incline under the bolt the
periphery of the head being cut away at that part the bolt falls and rests upon
a part of the cap of smaller diameter than the head. The incline on the inner
face of the head now acts on the end of the bolt giving it a lateral motion thereby
ungearing the pinion from the cap, and one of the notches or recesses in the flango
or projecting ring on the pinion coming under the bolt the bolt falls into the
said notch or recess. The rotary motion of the pinion is thereby arrested and the
slow speed of the vehicle sets in.
By reversing the position of the hand lever the bolt is raised and the pinion
and cap again engage with one another and the vehicle assumes its normal speed.
The application of our improvements to bicycles and other velocipedes differs in
no essential respect from their application to tricycles.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Harvey, the younger, and William Paddock in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 8th December 1883.
CHARLES HARVEY the younger of Yardley, in the County of Worcester Manager
of Works and WILLIAM PADDOCK of Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Machinist “IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES, BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
99
Our invention has for its object to enable the rider on a tricycle, bicycle. or other-
velocipede-to-drive it at different speeds at pleasure and also to ungear the crank
shaft from the driving wheels at pleasure so that the vehicle may advance whilo
the cranks are at rest.
Our improvements are especially applicable to tricycles but are also applicable
to bicycles and other velocipedes.
We will describe our invention as applied to a tricycle.
On the end of the pedal shaft we fix an arm carrying a pin parallel to the shaft.
We will call this arm the crank plate and the pin the crank pin. On the crank
pin is a short sleeve working freely thereon. The said sleeve has in it a slot
passing obliquely round it through about one quarter of its circumference. Upon
the said sleeve is a pinion and a pin in the interior of this pinion engages in the
oblique slot in the sleeve. The outer end face of this pinion is formed into an
annular ratchet. A neck or collar is turned in the said pinion near its outer end.
On the end of the crank pin a cap or collar is screwed. The inner end of this cap
enters-the-central -opening in the pinion and the said inner end of the cap carries
a spring or springs which press against the end of the sleeve described and forcing
it against the crank plate produce sufficient friction to prevent it being turned by
the motion upon it of the pinion. The end of the said cap has a head of a
diameter somewhat greater than that of the pinion and the inner face of the said
head is formed into an annular ratchet suitable for engaging with the annular
ratchet on the end of the pinion. Upon the end of the crank shaft a cylindrica!
box or drum turns freely the crank plate and crank pin described being situated
within the said drum. The said drum may have teeth on its cylindrical exterior
so as to make it the chain wheel of the tricycle. On the interior cylindrical
surface of the said drum, teeth are made thus constituting the said drum a hollow
toothed wheel. With this hollow toothed wheel the pinion on the crank pin
gears.
The action of the parts described is as follows:-When the tricycle is at rest and
there is no pressure on the pedals the sleeve carrying the pinion is pressed inwards
by the action of the springs described and in this position of the pinion the
ratchet on its end is ungeared from the ratchet on the inner face of the cap on the
end of the crank pin. On the foot of the rider pressing on one of the pedals, a
rotary motion is communicated to the pedal shaft by which motion the crank pin
carrying the pinion is carried round. As the motion of the hollow toothed wheel
constituting the chain wheel is resisted by the inertia of the tricycle the carrying
forward of the pinion causes its rotation by its gearing with the stationary hollow
toothed wheel. But the turning of the said pinion causes the pin in its interior to
travel along the oblique slot in the sleeve and thus produce a sliding motion
outwards of the said pinion. By this sliding outwards of the pinion the ratchet
on its end is made to gear with the ratchet on the cap on the end of the crank pin
and the rotary motion of the pinion is arrested. The whole of the parts now
move together without any motion among themselves and the tricycle is propelled
at its normal speed, that is, each rotation of the pedal shaft is accompanied by one
rotation of the hollow drum or chain wheel.

page_text: In going down bill' the rider has only to rest his feet on the pedals' so as to
preserve the pedal shaft stationary when the advancing motion of the tricycle.
ungears the pinion and the vehicle advances while the pedals are at rest.
In ascending a hill the rider is enabled to gain power at the sacrifice of speed**
by the following arrangement. A vertical rod capable of a vertical sliding motion
carries at its bottom end a fork for engaging in the neck or collar in the pinion
and when the fork is depressed and its ribs engaged in the said neck or collar the
sliding motion of the pinion is prevented and the ratchet of the said pinion cannot
engage with the ratchet of the cap on the end of the crank pin. At the top of the
fork, that is, at the junction of the two arms are two teeth which when the fork is
lowered engage with the teeth respectively of the two portions of the pinion and
prevent its rotation. Hence when the pedal shaft is turned its motion is
transmitted through the crank pin and pinion to the hollow toothed chain wheel.
But as the pinion cannot rotate on the pin carrying it each rotation of the said pin
is accompanied by a virtual backward rotation of the pinion and the motion which
would otherwise have been communicated by the said pinion to the hollow toothed
wheel is diminished by the amount of this virtual back rotation of the pinion.
Thus, if the hollow toothed wheel has; say, thirty-six teeth and the pinion twelve
teeth, one rotation of the crank pin carrying the pinion will communicate one
rotation to the hollow toothed wheel less the angle containing the number' of teeth
equal to the number of the teeth of the pinion. In other words the hollow
toothed wheel on each rotation of the pedal shaft will be advanced through one
rotation or thirty six teeth less the virtual back rotation of the twelve teeth of
the pinion, that is, the said hollow toothed wheel will advance through twenty
four teeth. Hence the rate of travelling of the tricycle will now be only two
thirds of its normal rate but the rider's power will be proportionately increased.
Instead of the vertical rod and fork described for working the speed gear the
following arrangement of parts and modification of the said gear may be
adopted.
In place of the neck or collar in the pinion we make a flange or projecting ring
having in its edge four or other number of cross notches or depressions. To the
framing of the machine and within easy reach of the rider's hand we joint a
horizontal rod to which a vertical rod is jointed. The lower end of the said vertical
rod carries a tube the lower end of which terminates in a clip working on the
flange or ring on the pinion. A second light vertical rod is jointed at top to the
first named vertical rod by means of a short hand lever which when turned on
one side holds the light rod in its raised position but which when turned on the
other side of the centre permits the light rod to descend, the descent being assisted
by a coiled spring. This light rod has a joint near its middle to permit of a slight
swivelling motion and its lower part is situated in the tube of the first described
rod. The lower end of the light rod terminates in a horizontal bolt. This bolt
when the hand lever of the rod is turned into the position which permits the light
rod to descend engages with notches or recesses in the flange or ring on the pinion
and prevents the rotation of the pinion.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
the manner in which'our invention is to be performed.
-
1
'
Figure 1 represents in vertical section and Figure 2 in side elevation,¯partly in (
section, speed gear constructed according to our invention for driving the tricycle
at different speeds at pleasure and for ungearing the crank shaft from the driving
wheels at pleasure; Figure 3 represents a vertical section of a modification of the
drum and chain wheel; Figure 4 represents the speed gear applied to an
independent shaft and also exhibits the forked rod. for preventing the rotation of
-the pinion when a slow speed is required in the tricycle; Figure 5 represents the-
forked rod separately. The other Figures represent separate parts and modi
Ffications of the speed gear and appliances connected with it as herein after

page_text: The same letters indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the Drawings.
a Figures 1, 2 and 3 is the pedal shaft of the tricycle the said pedal shaft
having a crank plate 6 (shown separately in Figure 6) fixed on its end. On the
said crank plate b is a crank pin b² screwed at its end for the purpose hereinafter
explained; c is a short tubular sleeve (shown separately in Figure 7) working
freely on the crank pin b. In the said sleeve is an oblique slot ; e is a pinion
situated on the sleeve c, a pin fin the interior of the said pinion e engaging in the
oblique slot d in the sleeve c (see Figure 1). On the outer end face of the pinion e
is an annular ratchet g. The pinion e with its annular ratchet g is shown separately
in side elevation and end elevation in Figure 8. Between the pinion e and the
ratchet g is a flange or projecting ring with cross notches or depressions & in its
edges (see Figures 1 and 8) With these cross notches or depressions the bolt on the
-vertical rod hereinafter described engages for locking and preventing the rotation
of the pinion e. Or in place of the notched flange or ring r a neck e² and teeth
c³, e³ as seen in Figures 4 and 11 may be used with the forked-rod Figure 5 for the
same purpose as hereinafter explained. On the screwed end of the crank pin b² a cap
or collar i is screwed (see Figure 1). This cap or collar is shown separately in side
and front elevation in Figure 10. The inner tubular part of the cap or collar i
enters the central opening in the pinion e Between the outer end of the sleeve c
and the inner end of the tubular part 2 of the cap or collar i is a friction plate f
(shown separately in Figure 9) pegs on which plate enter holes in the part is of the
collar i. In the holes in the part of the collar coiled springs k, k are situated.
The coiled springs k, k bear against the pins of the friction plate f and press
the latter against the sleeve c thereby forcing the said sleeve c against the crank
plate band producing sufficient friction to prevent the said sleeve from being
turned by the motion upon it of the pinion e. The inner face of the head of the
cap is made into an annular ratchet g suitable for the annular ratchet g
on the pinion to engage with; is a cylindrical box or drum situated and
turning freely upon the end of the pedal shaft a, the crank plate b and pin ba
being situated partly within the said box or drum l. The boss of the box or
drum does not work directly upon the shaft a but is situated and turns in the
boss b of the crank plate b (see Figures 1 and 6). The boss of the crank plate b
is fixed to the shaft a by the screw pin represented. On the cylindrical exterior
of the drum l, are teeth m which convert the said drum into the chain wheel of
the tricycle the chain wheel l, m being geared in the ordinary way with a chain
wheel on the shaft of the travelling wheels of the tricyclo. On the interior
cylindrical surface of the drum 1, teeth are made thereby forming a hollow toothed
wheel with which the pinion e gears. The pinion e is broader than the hollow
toothed wheel n so that on the sliding of the pinion e it is always in gear with the
hollow toothed wheel n.
The action of the speed gear is as follows:- -When the tricycle is at rest and
there is no pressure on the pedals the parts occupy the respective positions
represented in Figure 1, that is, the sleeve c is pressed inwards by the springs k
and with it the pinion e the ratchet g being ungeared from the ratchet g³ on the
inner face of the head of the cap i. On the rider pressing his foot on one of the
pedals, a partial rotation is communicated to the pedal shaft a, crank pin b' and
pinion e. As the motion of the hollow toothed wheel n of the chain wheel l, m is
resisted by the inertia of the tricycle, the carrying forward of the pinion e about
the pedal shaft a causes the rotation of the said pinion upon its own axis by its
gearing with the stationary hollow toothed wheel n. The partial rotation of the
pinion c causes the pin ƒ in its interior to travel along the oblique slot & in the
sleeve c and thus produce a sliding motion outwards of the said pinion c. By this
sliding outwards of the pinion e the ratchet y on its end is made to gear with the
ratchet g² in the cap i at the end of the crank pin b and the rotatory motion
of the pinion e is arrested and the said pinion c is locked to the crank pin b. The
whole of the parts of the gear now move together without any motion among

page_text: themselves and the tricycle is propelled at its normal speed that is, each rotation
of the pedal shaft a is accompanied by one rotation of the hollow druin or chain
wheel l, m.
In going down hill the rider has only to rest his feet on the pedals so as to
preserve the pedal shaft a stationary when the advancing motion of the tricycle
causes the internal toothed wheel n to rotate the pinion e and ungear its ratchet g
from the ratchet g and the vehicle advances while the pedals are at rest.
In order to obtain power when the tricycle is ascending a hill or when otherwise
desirable, the pinion is locked in its backward position Figure 1 and prevented
from rotating by the clutch or locking mechanism represented in Figures 4 and 5
or that represented in Figures 14, 15 and 16. We will first describe the clutch
or locking mechanism represented in Figures 4 and 5. A vertical rod p (shown
detached in Figure 5) the handle end of which is within reach of the rider, is
capable of sliding vertically in the frame of the tricycle. The said rod p is held
in its raised position by the short alot in it being engaged with the fixed pin pt.
The said rod p has at its lower end a fork 9 and at the top and on opposite sides
of the fork g are two short arms or teeth p³, p³. The fork q of the rod p when
depressed engages in the neck or collar e' of the pinion e between the two sets of
teeth e, and the two teeth p³, p³ engage with the cross notches * between the
teeth e, e on the said pinion and prevent its rotation. The shape of the teeth 6³, eª
on the pinion e is best seen in the separate view Figure 11.
The action of the pinion fixing mechanism is as follows:-The clutch teeth
of the pinion e being engaged with the clutch teeth g³ of the cap i and the fork
being in its raised position the tricycle travels at its normal speed as before
described. When it is wished to increase the power of the tricycle the rod p is
depressed by the rider so as to cause the tooth p² on the fork g to rest on the edge
of the inclined periphery of the cap i. By a slight retardation of the pedals by
the action of the feet, a virtual backward motion through a small angle of the
pinion e takes place. This results in the sliding of the pinion e by its pin f
travelling in the oblique slot & in the sleeve c and the ungearing of the ratchet
teeth g from the ratchet teeth g². As the sliding motion of the pinion e proceeds
the tooth p which rested on the edge of the inclined periphery of the cap i slides
down the said inclined periphery. Escaping from the bottom of the said inclined
periphery the tooth på falls, as well as the tooth p³, upon the teeth e³, e until a
space e between two consecutive teeth coming under the teeth p², p³ the latter
fall into the space and lock the pinion e. The tooth p bearing against the
inner face of the cap i prevents any sliding motion in the pinion e and hence the
said pinion & cannot gear with the cap i until the fork 9 has been raised. The
pinion e is now incapable of rotating on its own axis and is geared with the
hollow toothed wheel n. The motion of the pedal shaft a carries the pinion e
round within the said hollow toothed wheel n, the crank pin 6ª rotating in the
pinion e. In consequence of the non-rotation of the pinion e each rotation of the
crank pin b is accompanied by a virtual backward rotation of the pinion and the
motion which would otherwise have been communicated by the said pinion to the
hollow toothed wheel n is diminished by the amount of this virtual back motion
of the pinion e. Thus, if the hollow toothed wheel n has, say, thirty six teeth
and the pinione twelve teeth, one rotation of the crank pin 6 carrying the
pinion e will communicate one rotation to the hollow toothed wheel less the angle
containing the number of teeth equal to the number of the teeth of the pinion. In
other words the hollow toothed wheel n on each rotation of the pedal shaft a will
be advanced through one rotation or thirty six teeth less the virtual back rotation
of the twelve teeth of the pinion, that is, the said hollow toothed wheel will
advance through twenty four teeth. Hence the rate of travelling of the tricycle
will now be only two thirds of its normal rate but the rider's power will be
proportionately increased.
When the said pinion e partakes of the rotatory motion of the pin 6º as well as
ts motion of revolution about the shaft a, as it does when it is locked to the cap i,

page_text: each rotation of the pedal shaft produces a rotation of the drum ɩ as hereinbefore
described.
'
We will now describe the arrangement of parts represented in Figures 14. 15
and 16, portions of which are also shown in Figures 1 and 8, for preventing the
rotation of the pinion e when the power of the tricycle is required to be increased
Figure 14 represents a side elevation of the arrangement; Figure 15 an end
elevation, partly in section, and Figure 16 an end elevation.
;
In place of the neck or collar e in the pinion e as before described we make
a flange or projecting ring r having in its edge four or other number of cross
notches or depressions 8. To the framing of the machine and within easy reach
of the rider's hand, we joint a horizontal rod t to which a vertical rod u is jointed.
The lower end of the said vertical rod carries a tube v the lower end of which.
terminates in a clip w working on the flange or ring r on the pinion e. A second
light vertical rod y is jointed at top to the first named vertical rod u by means
of a short hand lever z which when turned on one side holds the light rod y in its
raised position but which when turned on the other side of the centre permits the
light rod to descend, the descent being assisted by a coiled spring a. The light
rod y is represented in the last described position. This light rod has a joint y²
near its middle to permit of a slight swivelling motion and its lower part is
situated in the tube v of the rod u. The lower end of the light rod y terminates
in a bolt 2. The head of the cap i on the end of the crank pin 6* is constructed in
the manner herein before described--
--
The action of the parts is as follows:-When the rider wishes to proceed at
slow speed he turns the hand lever into the position which permits the light
rody to descend. The descent of the-snid rod y causes the bolt 2 at its bottom
to descend and rest on the edge of the inclined periphery of the head of the cap...
By giving a backward motion to the pinion e in the manner herein beforo
described and ungearing it from the cap i, the bolt 2 is made to engage with
the ring until one of the cross notches 8 in the said ring is brought under the
bolt 2 when the latter falls into the said notch 8 and thereby locks the pinion e
and prevents its rotatory motion as represented in the Drawings and the slow
speed of the tricycle sets in.
By reversing the position of the hand lover the bolt 2 is raised and tho
pinion e and cap i may again be engaged with one another and the tricycle made
to travel at its normal speed.
In place of the slot d, Figure 7, in the sleeve c and in the pin f in the interior
of the pinion e, a sleeve having a screw thread upon it may be employed as
represented in Figure 74. In this case the interior of the pinion e has a
corresponding screw thread in which the thread on the screwed sleeve Figure 7ª
engages.
Or the arrangement of oblique slotted sleeve Figure 7 and screw threaded sleeve
Figure 74 may be dispensed with by making the teeth of the hollow toothed
wheel n of the drum or chain wheel inclined as represented in Figure 12 and
giving the teeth or leaves of the pinion e engaging with the hollow toothed wheel,
a similar inclination as represented in Figure 11.
Instead of converting the hollow toothed wheel or drum into a chain wheel for
transmitting the motion of the pedal shaft as represented in Figure 1, an
independent chain wheel may be used as illustrated in Figure 3, where the
independent chain wheel is marked m³ the said chain wheel m² being situated
on one side of the fixed framing m' and the internal toothed wheel or drum l, n
on the other side of the said fixed framing. In this case the boss of the loose
drum or internal toothed wheel L, n is connected to the chain wheel m² through
the intermediate sleeve me turning freely on the pedal shaft a.
Or instead of arranging the speed gear upon the crank or pedal shaft of the
tricycle, the said gear may be applied to a horizontal shaft carried by the framing
of the tricycle as illustrated in Figure 4, where a² is the horizontal shaft driven
from the pedal shaft through the chain wheel m, which is fixed upon the long

page_text: bush 63 of the crank plate b, the said crank plate b having a crank pin similar to
the pin 6 for carrying the pinion e as before described. The action of the speed
gear Figure 4 is the same as that represented in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 17 represents the speed gear and pinion locking arrangement constructed
according to our invention applied to a bicycle; Figure 18 represents a front
elevation of one of the crank plates of the bicycle detached.
In this arrangement, the pedal or crank shaft a turns freely in the sleeve aⓇ to
which the hub of the travelling wheel a' is fixed the said sleeve a being keyed to
the drum and internal toothed wheel l, n; b is the crank plate carrying the crank
pin 63 on which the pinion e works, the said crank pin b being connected to the
crank plate is carrying the ordinary treadle. The crank plate replaces the cap i
herein before described and has a ratchet g³ made on its inner face for the ratchet g
on the end of the sliding pinion e to engage with.
The action of the speed gear and the pinion locking arrangement as applied to a
bicycle differs in no essential respect from their action when applied to a tricycle
as herein before described and corresponding parts in Figures 17 and 18 are
marked with the same letters of reference as in the Figures hereinbefore described.
The application of our improvements to velocipedes other than tricycles and
bicycles differs in no essential respect from their application to tricycles herein-
before described and illustrated.
Having now described the nature of our invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed We wish it to be understood that We claim as our invention
of "Improvements in tricycles, bicycles and other velocipedes." ;-
The improvements in the speed gear herein before described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawings for driving the tricycle bicycle or velocipede at
different speeds and for ungearing the crank or other shaft from the driving
wheel or wheels; that is to say, speed gear for the purposes described consisting
essentially of a pinion e (with ratchet teeth g) on a crank pin carried by the pedal
or other shaft, the said pinion being made capable of a sliding motion in the ways
described for gearing it with a cap i or disc (with ratchet teeth g³) fixed on the
crank pin of the pedal or other shaft when the normal speed is required and of
being locked and prevented from rotating on its own axis when increased power is
required in the velocipede, the said pinion and cap or disc being constructed and
combined with the other parts of the mechanism and acting substantially as
described and illustrated: also the construction and combinations of parts of
mechanisin hereinbefore described and illustrated for locking and preventing tho
rotation of the pinion when it is required to gain power in driving the tricycle
bicycle or velocipede.
In witness whereof we the said Charles Harvey and William Paddock havo
hereunto set our hands and seals this sixth day of December in the year of our
Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty three.