Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1887
Complete Left, 26th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 13th Apr., 1888
I, JOSEPH NICHOLS of Cheapside Wire Works Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Wireworker do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in machinery for making wire nails and
relates particularly to the feed portion of same by which means I am able to make in
a cheap simple and effective manner the twisted wire nails which were the subject of
the patent granted to me A.D. 1886 and numbered 977.
I will describe my invention as applied to an ordinary wire nail machine :-İn
place of the ordinary feed grip I mount on the feed slide a short tubular shaft, in
bearings and having around its outer circumference or fixed to it a cog wheel-This
cog wheel is revolved by the action of a toothed rack which works in a slide, and
receives its motion by means of a cranked lever and second slide from an eccentric or
cam upon the main shaft. Two dies which are made to fit the particular section of
the wire are inserted in one end of the tubular shaft and at the other end are two
wheels also grooved to fit the wire by which means both ends of the shaft are capable
of adjustment to tighten the dies or wheels upon the wire sufficiently to cause the wire
to revolve with the shaft and at the same time to allow the shaft to slide along the
wire when the wire is being gripped by the stationary grips in the old part of the
machine. The action is as follows:-
At the same time as the wire is fed forward by means of the feed slide the tubular
shaft is made to revolve by means of the forward movement of the toothed rack until
the front end of the wire is in a position to be gripped by the stationary grippers as at
present done. As soon as the end of the wire is gripped the tubular shaft revolves the
reverse way by the backward movement of the toothed rack and the feed slide returns
at the same time the double movement i.e. the revolving of the shaft and return of
the feed slide causes the wire to twist. In the case of wire of small guage instead of
mounting the toothed rack on a second slide I may use a jointed rod for drawing it
backwards and forwards.
The heading, pointing and other processes are done in the same manner as at
present.
Dated this 17th day of November 1887.
GEORGE BARKER,
77; Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: I, JOSEPH NICHOLS of Cheapside Wire Works, Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Wireworker do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same. is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention bas for its object improvements in machinery for making wire nails
and relates particularly to the feed portion of same by which means I am able to make
in a cheap simple and effective manner the twisted wire nails which were the subject
of the patent granted to me A.D. 1886 and numbered 977.
1 will describe my invention as applied to an ordinary wire nail machine :-In
place of the ordinary feed grip I mount on the feed slide a short tubular shaft in
bearings and having around its outer circumference or fixed to it a cog wheel. This
cog wheel is revolved by the action of a toothed rack which works in a slide and
receives its motion by means of a cranked lever and second slide from an eccentric or
cam upon the main shaft. Two dies which are made to fit the particular section of
the wire are inserted in one end of the tubular shaft and at the other end are two
wheels also grooved to fit the wire by which means both ends of the shaft are capable
of adjustment to tighten the dies or wheels upon the wire sufficiently to cause the
wire to revolve with the shaft and at the same time to allow the shaft to slide along
the wire when the wire is being gripped by the stationary grips in the old part of
the machine. The action is as follows:-
At the same time as the wire is fed forward by means of the feed slide the tubular
shaft is made to revolve by means of the forward movement of the toothed rack
until the front end of the wire is in a position to be gripped by the stationary
grippers as at present done.
As soon as the end of the wire is gripped the tubular shaft revolves the reverse way
by the backward movement of the toothed rack and the feed slide returns at the same
time, the double movement i.e. the revolving of the shaft and return of the feed slide
causes the wire to twist. In the case of wire of small gauge instead of mounting the
toothed rack on a second slide I may use a jointed rod for drawing it backwards and
forwards.
The heading pointing and other processes are done in the same manner as at
present.
To make my invention more clearly understood I have appended hereunto two
sheets of drawings upon which are shown two examples of the wire machinery for
making these nails.
Figure 1 is the plan and Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same showing one
side H upon which the bed J rests. Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the part by
which the nail is twisted during the operation of making and Figure 4 is a cross section
of the revolving part D.

page_text: The process of making and action of the machine are as follows:-The wire A is
previously prepared in coils ready to place upon a reel from which it is drawn by the
action of the machine when once started.
The wire is first carried through the twisting portion D into the anvil K where it is
held by the top moveable gripper m² and bottom stationary one m² the first being
operated from the main shaft F by the cam m³ through the levers M and M. The
wire A having been placed in its plain condition between the grippers m² and m² with
the tool D in its forward position and all being ready for starting the first action of
the machine is that the said tool-D is carried back upon its slide n' which is formed
in the supplemetal bed or blanket N and by its backward action that part of the
wire is twisted from the point held by the grippers m³ and m³ to the adjustable
friction rollers at the points of the screws d' and d' which are so formed as to prevent
the wire from turning on the rollers though they permit the wire to slide through them.
The back screws d³ and d' are similarly adjustablo though they do not necessarily carry
rollers. Now as the tool D is carried backwards by the lever P by the crank p²
through the rod p¹ it has likewise a revolving action imparted to it by the toothed
rack E made to traverse in the pinion d' by the action of the lever e¹ operated by the
eccentric e³. Thus the tool D has two motions which may be imparted to it in various
ways of which the one shown is an example. During the motion of D backwards or
at the end of such motion the spring or other hammer R is liberated by the nose cam 7.²
so that it flies back with an impetus equal to the accumulated force stored in the
spring S and forms the head of the nail whilst still held by the grippers. The
gripper m² is now liberated and the wire A is at the same time fed forward by D
which presses sufficiently upon it for the purpose of unwinding the coil when the
gripper again take hold after the nail has been pointed and cut off by the side
cutters 2 and 3 which are operated upon by the side cams 14 and 1 through the
levers L and L' and the operation before described is repeated. It will be seen that
by this arrangement the operation of making the nails is continuous and automatic.
It will be evident that the twisting operation accomplished by D may be otherwise
accomplished as for instance without the rack by two pullies and pitched chains or
their equivalents.
A neat arrangement for dispensing with the rack and any back twist of the metal is
shown on the second sheet of drawings Figure 5 is a sectional elevation and Figure 6
is a front elevation where T is a hollow sleeve or tube with the external pinion t fast
upon or one piece with it. The anvil or matrix K is bored out to receive the sleeve T
which abuts against the end or steel plate k the fixed die m² and the gripper m¹ being
on the other side of this plate, this removeable die and gripper form the face of the
anvil upon or in which the nail head is formed by the hammer R. The gland W
sustains the sleeve T against K where it is secured by the pins w¹ and w² the points of
which enter a groove in the sleeve while the gland W is secured to K by the
pins w³ and w⭑. The feeder V embraces the other end of the sleeve T upon each side
of which are two pins t' and to on one side and t³ and to on the other side which act as
removeable collars and they enter and are secured by screwed ends to an inner sleeve X
which carries a die ¹ in two halves which are tightened together and fastened by the
bottom pins 3 and t₁ and the top pins to and to. The front internal portion of T has
a screw thread which permits the block Y to be fixed in any position which always
determines the length of the nail and it may be adjusted to any position along the
internal screw.
It is locked when rightly fixed by the key y'. A top and bottom
slot t¹ and is cut in the sleeve T which extend from the point of the sleeve to the
pinion through which the pins t3 t4 th and to enter the inner sleeve. The action is
as follows:-The wire A is brought forward and gripped by m¹ and m² when the
machine is set to work and the sleeve T is revolved by the spur wheel u¹ working into
the pinion the shaft U carrying the said spur u¹ being again driven through the
pinion u² by another spur wheel u³ the latter spur u³ having a slot and adjustable crank
pin or other adjustable arrangement to determine the amount of twist given to the
wire through the sleeve T. The feeder V may be operated by any lever P such as
shown on drawing (sheet 1). Thus the sleeve with the block Y is revolved which gives

page_text: the required twist to the nail and the feeder V being carried back again brings up
another length of wire the former nail being in the mean time severed and pointed by
the cutters and 1³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
.
First The improvements in machinery for manufacturing twisted or screw nails
by which the wire is automatically brought forward and twisted cut off and headed
substantially as herein described and shown upon the drawings.
Dated this 25th day of January 1888,
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicant.