Improvements in and Apparatus for use in the Concentration of Sulphuric Acid or the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Feb., 1899-Accepted, 25th Mar., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Apparatus for use in the Concentration of
Sulphuric Acid or the like.
We, SYLVAIN DREYFUS, of 331, Ashton New Road, Clayton, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Chemist, and THE CLAYTON ANILINE COMPANY LIMITED, of
Clayton aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to provide means whereby the concentration of
sulphuric acid or the like can be effected by a continuous process, and in an
economical, rapid, and simple manner.
In the process of concentrating sulphuric acid or the like the strongest acid
is always at the lower part of the apparatus and the weaker acid at the upper part.
According to this invention the concentration is effected in a vessel provided
with an arrangement by which the concentrated acid is run from the bottom of the
vessel whilst the unconcentrated acid is run in at the top in such a manner that
the acid in the vessel remains at a constant level or practically so. In starting
the vessel is charged up to the level of the overflow arrangement with concentrated
acid which is heated to its boiling point and then weak acid is run in at the top
of the apparatus, the acid as it is concentrated running out from the bottom
through the overflow arrangement into any suitable cooling apparatus, where it
can be collected. Thus the process can be carried on continuously by continuously.
introducing the weak acid to be concentrated.
The overflow arrangement may consist of a pipe or passage formed in, or attached
to, the vessel and opening at its lower end to the interior of the vessel and extend-
ing upwards and having its outlet at the overflow level and of a capacity sufficient
to pass off a quantity of concentrated acid equivalent to the quantity of weak acid
introduced.
Owing to the arrangement described the process can be conducted in vessels of
cast iron.
Improvements in and Apparatus for use in the Coneentration of
Sulphuric Acid or the like.
We, SYLVAIN DREYFUS, of 331, Ashion New Road, Clayton, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Chemist, and THE CLAYTON ANILINE COMPANY LIMITED, of
Clayton aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to provide means whereby the concentration of
sulphuric acid, or the like, can be effected by a continuous process, and in an
economical, rapid, and simple, manner, as the said process can be conducted in a
single vessel made of cast iron, whereas, in the processes hitherto in use, it has
been necessary, in order to obtain the strongest sulphuric acid in a continuous
way, to use more than one vessel made of fragile, or of expensive, material.
In the process of concentrating sulphuric acid, or the like, the strongest acid
is always at the lower part of the apparatus and the weaker acid at the upper part.
According to this invention the concentration is effected in a vessel of cast iron
provided with an arrangement by which the concentrated acid is run, or drawn,
off from the bottom, or lower part, of the vessel, a corresponding quantity of the
unconcentrated, or weak, acid being run in at the top, or upper part, in such a
manner that the level of the acid in the vessel is constant or practically so.
In starting the process the vessel is charged, up to the level of the overflow, with
concentrated acid of such strength as will not injure the iron of the vessel, and
heated to the required temperature, and then weak acid is run in continuously at
the upper part of the vessel, the acid, as it is concentrated being run off, (in
quantities corresponding to the quantities of weak acid admitted), from the bottom,
or lower part, of the vessel, through the overflow arrangement above, into any
suitable cooling apparatus where it can be collected. Thus the process can be
carried on continuously by continuously introducing, into the upper part of the
vessel, the weak acid to be concentrated, and running off the concentrated acid
in corresponding quantities. The overflow arrangement may consist of a pipe, or
passage, formed in, or attached to, the vessel and opening, at its lower end, to
the interior of the vessel, and extending upwards and having its outlet at a level
corresponding with the required concentration of the acid, and of a capacity
sufficient to pass off a quantity of concentrated acid equivalent to the quantity of
weak acid introduced at the upper part of the vessel.
In the accompanying drawing we have represented in vertical section vessels
suited for the purposes of this invention. In Figure 1 the overflow arrangement
consists of a passage a, formed in the side of the vessel A, itself, opening at the
lower end a², to the interior of the vessel, and extending upwards and having an
outlet a³, at the overflow level. In Figure 2 the passage a, is formed on the
vessel A, as a pipe outside the vessel, the said pipe opening to the interior of the
vessel at a², and having an exit spout at the overflow level a³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim
is-
1. The continuous concentration of sulphuric acid, or the like, by running un-
concentrated or weak sulphuric acid or the like into a cast iron vessel containing
heated strong or concentrated sulphuric acid or the like, and running off or with-
drawing corresponding quantities of concentrated sulphuric acid or the like from
the lower part or bottom of the vessel as hereinbefore described.
2. A vessel for use in concentrating sulphuric acid, or the like, constructed as
here'nbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated 41 09.1 law of Wahmuam 1800
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.