IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMUNICATING INTELLIGENCE BY MEANS OF ELECTRICITY, AND IN APPARATUS RELATING THERETO, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, the said
HENRY MAPPLE, WILLIAM BROWN, and JAMES LODGE MAPPLE, of Child's
Hill, in the Parish of Hendon, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Twenty-third day of June, One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven,
in the eleventh year of Her reign, did give and grant unto us, the said
Henry Mapple, William Brown, and James Lodge Mapple, our exors, adíñors,
and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that we, the said Henry Mapple, William Brown, and James Lodge Mapple,
our exors, admors, and. assigns, and such others as we, the said Henry
Mapple, William Brown, and James Lodge Mapple, our exors, admors, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey,
Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad (save and except the provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia,
and New Brunswick, and also the Island of Prince Edward, in North
America), our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMMUNICATING INTELLIGENCE BY
MEANS OF ELECTRICITY, AND IN APPARATUS RELATING THERETO, PARTS OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER LIKE PURPOSES;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that we, the said Henry Mapple,

page_text: William Brown, and James Lodge Mapple, shall cause a particular descrip-
tion of the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, to be
enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Henry Mapple, William Brown, and James Lodge Mapple, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, are particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists,-
First, of a mode of arranging a magnetised steel disc or plate within an
electric or galvanic coil to give motion to apparatus suitable to be used in
giving visible and audible signals for telegraphic purposes, and for other
purposes where a similar movement may be required.
Secondly, our Invention consists of a mode of applying a magnetised disc.
or plate of steel in combination with an electro-magnet, whereby there is no
holding or retaining of such plate by residual electricity after the circuit has
been broken.
And,―
Thirdly, our Invention consists of so arranging apparatus where a pointer
hand or instrument is employed, and caused to move by a step by step action,
that the pointer hand or other instrument used for electric communications
may fall back to zero or determined point each time after having been moved
to a greater or less distance therefrom, and so that in using the apparatus
the pointer hand or other instrument may at all times start from the same
position. And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood we
will proceed to describe the means pursued by us in carrying out the various
parts of our Invention. And in respect to the first part of our invention
we would state that various sorts of pointing instruments have heretofore
been used when electric coils have been used, one where astatic needles are
resorted to, and another where a simple magnetic needle, having great length
as compared with its width, is employed with a pointing hand (not being a
magnetic needle), placed on the same axis, and is made to move in one or
other of two directions before a dial plate, and then return to a central
position on each making and breaking of a circuit, such needles requiring
considerable length of electric coil. Now according to the first part of our

page_text: Invention we employ a disc or a plate of magnetized steel within a cylindrical
electric coil; by which we are enabled to obtain a more quick action, and
subject to less vibration in the pointer, than the needle telegraphs heretofore
used. The chief differences in our arrangements, as compared with a needle
telegraphic instrument, are,-
First, that the permanent magnet used by us should be circular, or approach-
ing a circular form, and if it departs from the circular form we prefer it should
be as wide as it is long.
Secondly, that the electric coil used should be cylindrical, or as nearly so

page_text: upon
carries the pendulum of the clock. h is a lifting piece, which when acted
à lifts the rack hook, and releases the stricking train of the clock. i, i, are
two small stops, which regulate the distance the locking piece f should move
in. is the rack hook. 1 is the frame in which the coil b is fixed. When
it is required to release the striking train for the purpose of giving a signal,
the button or handle of a is turned to on. A connection is thus made complete
between the battery and the coil b. The form of this coil is more clearly
shewn in Figure 4, and will be hereafter described. The electric current
passing from the coil 6 acts upon the magnetized steel disc d, and gives to the
same a partial rotary motion. By this motion the small locking piece f, which
is fixed on the end of the spindle c, is moved from a state of rest, as shewn in
its position in Figures 5 and 6, and brought into the position shewn in
Figure 3. While in a state of rest, the locking piece f is free, and resting
against the stop i 1; but, acted upon by the rotary motion of the magnetized
steel disc d, as before described, it is carried over to the stop i 2. The top
part of the locking piece f is thus brought immediately over the end of the
lifting piece h, and under the end of the lever g, as shewn in Figure 3. The
pendulum of the clock being always in motion, the lever g (which is fixed on
the same spindle to which the pendulum is suspended) is brought into contact
with the small locking piece f, and by the slight pressure which is thus given
to the locking piece f, and the lifting piece h, the rack hook k is lifted, and
the striking apparatus released. So long as the circuit of the electric current
remains complete or unbroken, the locking piece f will retain its position,
shewn in Figure 3, by means of the influence of the electric current upon the
magnetized steel disc d, and the striking apparatus of the clock will continue in
action, and audible signals given therefrom. Note.-The clock or its striking
apparatus form no part of our Invention. Figure 4 represents a plan view of
the two electric coils as fixed in the dial plate. They are shewn also in
Figure 2. Figure 7 represents a vertical section taken at the dotted line
A, B, of Figure 4, of one of the said coils. In this Figure it is distinctly shewn
how the magnetized steel disc is placed. In connexion with the electric coil to
the front end of the arbor or spindle c, which comes through the the dial plate,
is fixed a hand or pointer n (as shewn in Figure 7), which may be made of
any kind of metal not being magnetized, or any kind of material of a
non-conducting nature, such as ivory or wood. The hands or pointers are
represented at Figure 1 as being in a state of rest. By the action of the
electric current passing from the coil b, the magnetized steel disc d is caused
to move. The spindles or arbors c, c, are consequently carried partly round in
the same direction, and the hands or pointers n, n, being fixed on the same, are

page_text: caused to take an inclining position to the right or the left, according as the
electric current may be passed from the different poles of the battery. The ar-
rangement of letters or signs to be used, as shewn on the dial plate of Figure 1,
form no part of our Invention or improvements, and other arrangements may,
if preferred, be used with this part of our Invention; but it may be as well to
explain with what facility the same may be understood. The arrows marked
against each letter or sign refer to the position into which the hand or pointer
is to be thrown by the motion of the handle of the pole changer, by which the
making and breaking the circuit of the electric current is effected, and which
acts upon the magnetized steel disc as before described. The number of
arrows against each letter or sign refer to the number of times such inclination
of_the_hand-or-pointer-is-to-be-caused to indicate such letter. The pole
changer we prefer to use is shewn at Figures 8 and 8 a, in Sheet 2 of the
Drawings hereunto annexed; but the same is not claimed as of our Invention.
We will now describe the second part of our Invention, which consists of
employing a magnetized disc or plate of steel in such manner as to obtain a
partial rotation of such magnetized disc or plate by an electro-magnet having
applied thereto what we call a permanent keep of soft iron; and we would
state, that although we consider the circle as the best form for the magnetized
plate, such form may be varied so long as the permanent keep is retained.
In Figures 3 and 4, in Sheet 2 of the Drawings hereunto. annexed; an
apparatus is shewn, according to our Invention, for giving visible signals, and
making telegraphic communication between distant places by the aid of
electric currents. The Figures shewn in Sheet 2 of the Drawings before
referred to will be explained, and illustrate how partial rotary motion. is
obtained to the magnetized steel disc or plate, and is made available for
giving signs or signals.
Figure 1 is a front view or elevation of the instrument complete. Figure 2 is
a side view of the same, shewing the side of the case removed, for the purpose
of giving a view of the interior arrangements, which are shewn separately and
more distinctly in Figures 3 and 4 of the same Sheet 2 of the Drawings. Figure 7
is an enlarged view of the dial of Figure 1, with the arrangements of letters
shewn to be used for signalizing; but such arrangements of arrangements of
letters form no part of our improvements. Figure 3 is a view of the
back of the dial plate, shewing the arrangement of the various mechanism.
A, A, are two electro-magnetic coils. B, B, are two mechanical arrangements,
known by the name of lever escapements. In one the train of wheels and
barrell are shown in dotted lines through the top plate of the frame. In this
arrangement the balance springs are dispensed with. The balances C, C, are

page_text: is
magnetized steel. For better illustrating the action, the escape wheel
shewn enlarged at Figure 5, with the hand or pointer D fixed to the same, and
part of the escapement B is shewn full size at Figure 4, with part of an electro-
magnetic coil placed in connexion with the magnetized balance C. The action
for effecting the moving of the hand or pointer D may be thus explained:-The
electric current being passed from the battery to the coil A, the magnetized
balance C is influenced by the electric circuit being made complete and by its
connexion with the electro-magnetic coil A, there being between the poles of
the electro-magnet and the balance C a permanent keep of soft iron, as will be
hereafter explained, a partial (rotary) motion is given to the balance C to the
right or left, in accordance as the connexion may be made from the south or
north poles of the battery. This alternate motion is similar to the natural motion
which the balance C has in ordinary circumstances, when complete with its spring
in a lever movement. The escape wheel E is thus released, and carried round
by the train, as in ordinary cases; and the hand or pointer D, being fixed on
the same arbor as the escape wheel E, is carried with it round the circle of
letters shewn on the dial in Figures 1 and 7. One motion of the balance C
to the right or left which is effected by the action of the electric current on
its north or south pole (according as the circuit of the electric current may be
made from the battery) causes, by the motion of the escape wheel E, the hand
or pointer D to be moved forward one letter at a time.
In the arrangement
of a double instrument, as represented in Figures 1 and 3, the hands or
pointers may be made to travel in their respective circles in contrary direc
tions; that is, one to the left and the other to the right hand. By the motion
of the handle of the pole changer, to the left or right, the circuit of the electric
current may be made complete, and thus by a repetition of motions made the
hand or pointer D is caused to move with rapidity in its circle until it points
to the required letter, when a pause would be made, and so on in continuation
until the required word was spelt.
The pole changer we prefer to use is shewn in Figure 8 in plan.
Figure 8 a is an elevation in part of the same, and a similar view is given of
the same in Figure 2. This apparatus, as before stated, forms no part of our
Invention. It may, however, be as well to illustrate the action of the pole
changer by explanation of one-half of the Figure in Plan 8. The spindle to which
the handle is fixed works freely in the two brackets or bearings in which it is
fixed. The studs or pins which touch upon and make the connexion with the
springs placed at the sides of the spindle are surrounded by a piece of ivory, as
shewn by the dotted lines at Figure 8 a, to insulate them from the spindle.
From the springs strips of metal are connected with the terminals at the back

page_text: of the instrument, as shewn in Figure 8, to which the wires from the battery
line of communication, earth and instruments making the electrical circuit
complete, are attached. It will thus be seen that by moving the handle of
this apparatus to the right or left hand, a circuit of the electrical current is
formed from either the north or south poles of the battery, by means of the
insulated stud or pin coming in contact with the springs on either side. When
the handle is in the position shewn in Figure 1 the current is broken.
a
Figures 6 and 6 a are further illustrations of the applicability of escapement
movements for the purpose of giving signals by the aid of the electrical
current. Figure 6 is a plan view, and Figure 6 a is. a view of a side elevation
in part, both views being shewn double their size for the purpose of rendering_
them-more-distinct. In Figure 6 a portion of an electro-magnetic coil F is
shewn in connexion. G is a magnetized steel disc or circular plate, to which,
by the action of the electrical current on its poles, a partial rotary motion is.
given. On the same arbor which carries the magnetized steel disc is fixed
small circular plate H, having one side filed off to a bevelled edge (as shewn
in enlarged Figures 11 and 11 a). I, I, are two escape wheels hung on one-
arbor, and so placed that the teeth of one come against or opposite to the
space between the teeth of the other.. By the partial rotary motion of the
magnetized steel disc G, the piece H releases one or other of escape wheels I, I,.
at each motion, and they are carried. round by the train, as partially shewn..
The hand or pointer K is fixed to the arbor of the escape wheels I, I, as.
shewn in Figure 6 a, and is carried round in the circle of letters, as before-
described.
Figure 9, in the same Sheet 2 of the Drawings, represents an arrange-.
ment by which a hand or pointer may be made to move in a circle to the
right or left hand as may be required.
ment.
Figure 10 and 10 a represent enlarged views of a portion of the same arrange-
Lis a magnetized steel disc or plate. On the same arbor which carries.
the disc L is fixed a pair of palletts M, so constructed that the arms or parts.
which take into the teeth of the wheel N are placed so that when in action
the top arm would be opposite to the space above the tooth, while the bottom:
arm would have entered the space under the same tooth. The action may be
thus described:-By the action of the electrical current passing from the
electro-magnetic coil P (as partly shown) a partial rotary motion is given to
the magnetized steel disc L to the left or right hand, as either its north or
south pole may be affected 'by the electrical current. If the wheel N is.
required to move in one direction (say to the right hand), the current from one
pole of the battery (say the south) is brought into action; the magnetized dise

page_text: L is influenced as its pole is affected as before described, and will continue to
rotate in the same direction as often as the making of the circuit of the
electrical current is made complete from the same pole of the battery. One
arm of the palletts M is only thus brought into action, and as the wheel N is
moved, the roller O, which is lightly hung on a pivot immediately over the
wheel N, is raised by the tooth of the wheel N when in action, and drops into
the next space, thus locking the wheel N, and keeping it in its position when
the arm of the pallet M is removed. When the wheel N is required to move
in the contrary direction, the circuit of the electric current is made complete
from the opposite or north pole of the battery. The arm of the pallet M,
which before remained inactive, is brought into action by the motion of the
magnetized disc L, whose opposite pole being influenced rotates in a contrary
direction (or to the left hand) as often as the making of the circuit of the
electrical current may be made up from that pole of the battery. The arbor
of the wheel N is carried through a dial plate fixed on the frame, and on the
end of the frame is fixed a hand or pointer, which by the arrangement
described is carried backwards or forwards in the circle of letters which will
be engraved on the dial plate. By this arrangement it will be seen that by
the hand or pointer being made to move to the right or the left, as may be
required, instead of having to travel the entire circle of letters, words
may be
spelt with great facility.
In Figure 3 is shewn a musical box for the purpose of illustrating how
one of the coils used for the signalizing apparatus may be made available for
releasing the same, or any other mechanical arrangement having moving
power within itself, such as a striking apparatus of a clock or a bell or
gong, with a train attached, for the purpose of giving audible signals.
It will be seen by reference to the Figure O that a part of a magnetized steel
ring is made to vibrate on its axis in front of the coil backwards or forwards,
as its poles are influenced by the electrical current. This motion releases or
stops the mechanism or apparatus, which may be applied as represented. This
application of a musical box or other apparatus forms no part of our improve-
ments. We only show how our improvements of the magnetized ring or part
of a ring may be applied to the same for the purposes before stated.
The Drawings in Sheet 3 hereunto annexed represent our improvements of
the application of the magnetized steel disc, plate, or ring, in connexion with
an electro-magnetic coil, for the purpose of shewing signs or signals at distant
places by the aid of the electro-current. Figure 1 represents a front view in
elevation of the instrument. Figure 2 is a view of the back of the dial plate,
with two coils A, A, fixed on the same, with the magnetized steel discs B, B,

page_text: shewn placed in connexion at the faces of the same. Figure 3 is a side view
in elevation of Figure 2, shewing the hand or pointer in front as fixed on the
same arbor as the nagnetized disc B. The action of the magnetized steel
dise B is the same as before described, that is, when influenced by the circuit
of the electrical current being made complete, it has a partial rotary motion.
The hand or pointer, as shewn, fixed on the same arbor, is caused to incline to
the right or left, as the north or south poles of the magnetized steel disc B are
influenced by the electric current. Figures 4 and 5 in the same Sheet are
enlarged views of the coil A, for the purpose of illustrating our improvement
in the same. The permanent keep is made to fit in a dovetail in the piece of
brass on the face of the coil, and by means of an adjusting screw, as shewn,
may be-moved-backwards-or forwards as may be found necessary. 1, 1 is a
piece of soft iron which forms the permanent keep of the electro-magnetic
coil, as is made to fit in a piece of brass, as shewn. Other views of the same
are shown at Figures 8 and 8a, which shew a preferable mode of fitting the
said iron keep on to the horns of the electro-magnet. It is hollowed out on
the top side, for the purpose of bringing the magnetized instrument used
therewith as close as may be. The adjusting screw 2 is fitted into the iron
keep 1, shewn at Figure 4, and is for the purpose of moving the same back-
wards or forwards in its seat, as may be required, to regulate the motion or
action of the magnetized instrument, and cause one of its poles to dip correctly,
and to a position at right angles with the face of the keep when an electric
circuit is complete. Figures 6. and 7 in the same Sheet of Drawings are
views in elevation and in plan of another arrangement of applying the
magnetized steel ring or plate in connexion with an electro-magnetic coil, for
the purpose of giving signals. By reference to the Drawings of Figures 6
and 7, it will be seen that the magnetized steel ring D encircles the coil C,
and is hung on pivots in small cocks or brackets, which are fastened to the
back and front of the dial plate, which is partly shewn. The magnetized
ring D is so hung on its centres that it vibrates freely. The circuit of the
electric current being made complete by the action of the same passing from
the coil C, the poles of the magnetized steel ring D are influenced, and the
same is caused to vibrate on its centres to the right or left, in accordance as
the connexion is made from the north or south pole of the battery. The
hand or pointer, as shewn in connexion with the magnetized ring D, being
fixed on the same arbor, takes an inclination to the right or left as the poles
of the magnetized ring D may be alternately influenced. The arrangements for
denoting signals are precisely the same as before described and illustrated in

page_text: Sheets of the Drawings 1 and 2. In this arrangement, although there is an
electro-magnet used, there is no permanent keep, the magnetized plate or ring
only being used therewith.
Our third improvement consists in the application and use of the magnetized
steel disc or plate, for the purpose of giving signals between or at distant places,
by the aid of the electrical current, by means of letters or figures shewn
distinctly on a dial face, and also in causing at any time required the hand or
instrument which is made to move in the range of letters to be released, and
fall back direct to the first sign or starting point. The arrangements for
illustrating the said improvements are shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, in
Sheet 4 of the Drawings hereunto annexed. Figure 1 is a view of the dial plate.
Figure 2 is a view in elevation, with the front plate of the frame removed, for
the purpose of shewing the interior arrangements more distinctly. Figure 3 is
an end view in elevation, and Figure 4 is a view in plan. All of which Figures
shew one arrangement, and the same letters of reference are used to the same
parts in all the views. Figure 7 is an enlarged view of parts of the same. m and
m 1 are two electro-magnetic coils. n is a magnetized steel disc or plate on
the same arbor o, of which is fixed the pallett P. 9 is a segment of a wheel.
v is a magnetized steel disc, on the same arbor of which s is fixed a click or
detent r, with its counter balance. For illustrating the action of the arrange-
ments shewn in Figures 2, 3, and 4,-when the circuit of the electric current
is made complete from the battery (say from the south pole), with the electro-
magnetic coil m, the magnetized steel disc n is influenced by the action of
the current of electric fluid, and by its partial rotary motion the pallet p
which is fixed on the same arbor o, is made to enter between the teeth
of the segment of the wheel q. The detent or click r, being lightly hung
on the arbors, and balanced by a tail piece, is by the action of the segment
of the wheel when moved by the pallet P, lifted by the side of the tooth
immediately in contact with the end of the same, by reason of the side of the
tooth forming an incline. The click or detent r thus being raised to the point of
the adjoining tooth, falls over by its own weight into the space on the other side
of the same tooth, and thus assists the action of the pallett P, and carries the
segment of the wheel q forward one tooth at a time. The hand or pointer t
to be used for pointing to the characters on the dial plate is fixed on the end
of the arbor u, on which the said segment of the wheel q is hung, as shewn
in Figure 3. It will thus be seen that by the electrical circuit being
repeatedly made complete from the same pole of the battery as before
referred to, the repeated actions of the pallet P, and the click or detent

page_text: r, cause the segment of the wheel q to be moved forward, and with it
the hand or pointer t to any required letter. When the hand or pointer t is
required to fall back to the starting point or first sign on the dial, the circuit
of the electrical current is made complete from the opposite (say, the north
pole) of the battery, and the magnetized disc n being influenced in its
contrary pole, rotates partially in a reverse direction, carrying with it the
pallett P, which is fixed on the same arbor o. The circuit of the electric
current is also made complete with the electro-magnetic coil m¹. The mag
netized disc is thus influenced by its partial rotary motion. The click or
detent R, which is fixed on the same arbor, is lifted from the teeth of the
segment of the wheel q. The segment of the wheel q is thus released entirely,
and by means of its counterbalance falls backwards to the starting point or
first sign, carrying with it the hand or pointer t, as before described. The
rapidity with which signals can be given by the hand or pointer being released
at any time required, and at any point of the dial, and falling or moving back
to the first sign shewn thereon, instead of having to move round a circle, will
be found most important for telegraphic purposes.
Figures 5 and 6 shew another arrangement for effecting the same.
Figure 5 is a view in elevation, and Figure 6 is a view in plan. The figures
of reference are the same to the corresponding parts in both views. 1 and la
are electro-magnetic coils. 2 is a metal plate or bar, fixed on an arbor. On
the same arbor is fixed a pallet 4. 5 is a segment of a wheel, being hung on
an arbor 10. 6 is a click or detent. 3 is a metal bar or plate, fixed on an
arbor. This bar, as also the bar 2, have fixed on one of their ends a piece of
soft iron or magnetized steel, the same being a portion of a ring or partaking
of a circular form. 7 is an arm, which acts when required on the tail-piece of
the click or detent 6. 8 and 9 are two slight springs, with adjusting screws,
to regulate the resistance they are to offer. A hand or pointer is fixed on the
arbor 10. The actions of the pallett 4 and the click or detent 6 on the seg-
ment of the wheel 5 are precisely similar to that described in the arrangement
of the Figures 2, 3, and 4, in the same Sheet of the Drawings, when the
circuit of the electrical current is made complete with the electro-magnetic
coil 1. The circuit of the electrical current is in this case only made from one
pole of the battery. The spring 8 acting upon the bar 2 carries it back when
the current is broken, which influences the part of a ring or steel plate before
described, as fixed on the end of the bar 2, and which causes it to rotate
partially on its axis over the face of the coil. By this arrangement it will be
seen that the pallet 4 is always free from contact with the segment of the

page_text: wheel 5, unless when moved by the action of the bar 2, when its end or face
is influenced by the electrical current, as before described. When it is
required to free the segment of the wheel 5 entirely, and allow it to fall or
move back with the hand or pointer which is fixed on its arbor, the clec-
trical current is passed from the battery to the electro-magnetic coil la. The
face or end of the bar 3 is influenced by the electrical current, and, rotating
partially or moving on its axis over the face of the coil, carries with it the
arm 7, which touches upon the tail-piece of the detent or click 6, and lifts it
from its contact with the teeth of the segment of the wheel 5, which is thus
freed, and falls back by means of its counterbalance, carrying with it the hand
or pointer to the first character or sign on the dial. The detent or click 6 is
brought into action after the electrical current is broken which influences the
face or end of the bar 3 by the action of the spring 9, which causes the same
to take its original position.
Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, are further illustrations of arrangements for effecting
the same objects last described. Figures 10 and 11 are front and side views
in elevation. Figures 8 and 9 and 9a are parts of the other Figures, shewn
larger and separate to illustrate more clearly the action. a, b, are two mag-
netized steel circular plates, fixed at a distance apart on an arbor f. They
each have a cut made half way through them, and they are so fixed on the
arbor that their poles are not over or opposite to each other. On the arbor f
is fixed a small pallet d, and an arm or lever e. g is a part of a wheel on the
same arbor h of which is fixed the pointer i. k is a roller, lightly hung over
the part of a wheel g, so as to drop into the space between the teeth as
required. An electro-magnetic coil c is shown in connexion at Figure 11. The
action may be thus described:-The circuit of the electric current being made
complete for the battery with the coil c, either the magnetized steel plate a or b
is influenced in accordance as the circuit of the current may be made complete
from one or other of the poles of the battery. When it is required to move the
pointer forward in its range of signs on the dial-plate, the circuit of the
electric current is made from that pole of the battery which will influence,
say, the north pole of the magnetized plate a. The same, rotating partially on
its axis, will cause the pallett d to move the part of a wheel g forward. The
roller k is raised by the action of the tooth of the same, and falls over into the
next space, thus bringing over and holding the part of a wheel g steadily.
When the current is broken, the slight repulsion of the residual electrical
current remaining in the coil affecting the south pole of the magnetized plate a
eauses it to take its original position. At each making of the circuit of the

page_text: electrical current the part of the wheel g and the pointer i will be moved
forward. When it is required to release the same, and allow them to move
back to zero or first sign on the dial, the circuit of the electrical current is
made complete from the opposite pole of the battery; and the south pole of
the magnetized plate 6 is influenced, and rotates partially on its axis in a con-
trary direction to that taken by the magnetized plate a, and carries with it the
arm or lever e, which lifts the roller k from the teeth of the part of a wheel g,
which, being thus released, moves back by means of its counterbalance to the
starting point or first sign, carrying with it the pointer, as before described.
The slight repulsion caused by the residual electrical current has the effect on
the opposite pole of the magnetized plate 6, as before described, and causes it
to take its original position.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the details shewn and described, so long as the
peculiar character of either part of our Invention be retained.
But what we
claim is,
First, the mode of arranging a magnetized steel disc or plate within an
electric or galvanic coil to give motion to apparatus suitable to be used in
giving visible and audible signals for telegraphic purposes, and for other
purposes where a similar movement may be required.
Secondly, we claim the mode of employing a magnetized disc or plate of
steel in combination with an electro-magnet, whereby there is no holding or
retaining of such plate by the residual electricity after the circuit has been
broken.
And we claim the application of the permanent keep when applied with a
permanent magnetic instrument to an electro-magnet for preventing the
prejudicial effect of residual electricity.
And, thirdly, we claim the so arranging apparatus that a hand or pointer or
other instrument worked by a step by step action may be released, and move
back to zero or determined point, when the same is combined with electric
apparatus for working thereof.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Mapple, William Brown, and
James Lodge Mapple, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-second day of December, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-seven.
HENRY
WILLIAM
JAMES LODGE
(L.S.) MAPPLE.
(L.S.) BROWN.
(L.S.) MAPPLE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Henry Mapple, William Brown,
and James Lodge Mapple came before our said Lady the Queen in Her
Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every
thing therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made
for that purpose.