AN ENGINE OR MACHINE FOR THE REDUCING AND SPINNING. OF WOVE FLAX, COTTON, WOOL, MOHAIR, AND OTHER ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTION INTO THREAD, FIT AND PROPER FOR MANY OF THE MANUFACTORIES OF THIS KINGDOM, IN A MORE EXPEDITIOUS AND CHEAP MANNER THAN HATH HERETOFORE BEEN KNOWN AND USED
Year: 1783

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BARBER, of the Borough of Derby, in the County of Derby, Yarn, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said Thomas Barber, did, by my petition, humbly
represent to His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, that
I had, after several years labor and study, invented, discovered, and made
"AN ENGINE OR MACHINE FOR THE REDUCING AND SPINNING. OF WOVE FLAX,
COTTON, WOOL, MOHAIR, AND OTHER ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTION INTO
THREAD, FIT AND PROPER FOR MANY OF THE MANUFACTORIES OF THIS KINGDOM, IN A
MORE EXPEDITIOUS AND CHEAP MANNER THAN HATH HERETOFORE BEEN KNOWN AND
USED," which would be of publick utility. That, in regard I was the first
and true Inventor thereof, and that the same has not been practiced by
any other person or persons to my knowledge or belief, I humbly prayed His
Majesty to grant unto me, my heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns,
His Royal Letters Patent for the sole use, benefit, and advantage of my said
Invention, within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for the
term of fourteen years, according to the Statute in that case made and provided,
His said Majesty's being willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions
that might be for the publick good, was graciously pleased to condescend to
my request, and therefore, by His Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at West-
minster, the Third day of May, in the twenty-third year of His reign, of His

page_text: especial grace, certain knowledge, and mere motion, did give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Barber, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His
special licence, full power, and sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Thomas Barber, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of us, by
myself and themselves, or by mine and their deputy or deputies, servants or
agents, or such others as I, the said Thomas Barber, my executors, admini-
strators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term of fourteen years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my said
Invention within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain
called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
in such manner as to me, the said Thomas Barber, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole
right, benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing,
accruing, and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term
therein mentioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, privi-
ledges, and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted unto
me, the said Thomas Barber, my executors, administrators, and assigns, for
and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date of
the said Letters Patent next immediately ensuing, and fully to be compleat and
ended, according to the Statute in such case made and provided; in which
said Letters Patent is contained a prowiso that if I, the said Thomas Barber,
should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent, that the said Letters Patent, and all
liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease,
determine, and become void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary
thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the said Letters Patent,
relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Barber, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and declare that the plan thereof drawn at the top of these presents is com-
posed of the following particulars (that is to say):-
Figure 1: A, the water wheel; B, a cog
drives the wheel C on the upright shaft D.
which drives the wheel F on the shaft G.
wheel on the same shaft, which
On the shaft D is the wheel E
On the shaft G is the wheel H

page_text: which drives the wheel I, that is fixt on the drum shaft K, on which is the
drum I, which turns the wheel 2 (Figures 1st and 2d) on the shaft L by a
strap. The shaft L is connected or not at pleasure between the wheel 2 and 3
by the apparatus M, which is raised or laid down by the leaver N, N. The
wheel 3 with a band turns the apparatus Y or O, either of which twists on
the upper end and leaves it untwisted at the lower end. Above the wheel 3
is the toothed wheel 4, which drives the wheel 5 on the axis P, which has on
it the wheel 6 and wharle 7, which by a band turns the wharle 8 on the
axis Q, on which is the cyllender 9, which turns the cylender 10 by its
friction, it being placed in grooves so as to rise or fall. The wheel 6 on the
axis P drives the wheel cleven, which, together with the wheels 12 and 13,
are placed on the axis R. The wheel 12 drives the wheel 14, which drives
the wheel 15 on the axis S, on which is the wheel 16, which drives the wheel
17. (In Figures 1st and 2d) the wheel 17 drives the wheel 18, by being
placed angularly and pressed together by weights or springs at W. The
wheel 13 on the axis R drives the wheel 19. The wheel 19 drives the wheel
20, being placed angularly and pressed together by weights or springs at X.
Figure 3 is a representation of the apparatus M, Figure 1 and 2, for
unlocking the shaft L. Figure 4: the drum 1 on the axis A, by a strap turns
the wheel 2 on the axis B, on which are the wheels 3 and 4. The wheel 8
drives the wheel 5 on the axis G, on which is the wheel 6, which wheel by
its friction turns the swift D, by reason of its being placed in the two groves
E, E, with liberty to rise or fall on the wheel 6. The groves E, E, being in
two sliding pieces F, F, which are connected by a cross piece G, they, together
with the swift D, may be raised from pressing on the surface of the wheel 6
by means of a string passing over the pully 7, and joined to the end of the
lever H. When the end I of the leaver is raised, as it turns upon the fulcrum
H, it depresses the end of the leaver K by the upright piece J, and raising
the other end of it at L, it unlocks the shaft in the same manner as described
in Figure 1. The wheel 4 turns by a strap the wheel 8, which carries with
it on the axis M the box 9. An inside view of the box may be seen at
Figure 5, where at A, A, is a grove formed in each side, in which are loosely
laid the two rollers B, B, betwixt which the jersey or other material passes to
the swift D, through the eye cleven in the cross piece 12. On the axis C is
placed the crank 13, which by string passing over the pully 14, draws
backward and forward the sliding bar N to guide the jersey, &c., on to the
swift D. Figure 6: the shaft A of the water wheel 1 carrys out in the
wheel 2, which drives the wheel 3 on the shaft B with the wheel 4. The

page_text: wheel 4 drives the wheel 5 on the same axis C with the wheel 6, which drives
the whell 7 on the axis D, in which is the worm or endless pinion 8
and drum 9. The drum 9 turns by a strap the whell 10, on the same axis
E with the wheels 11 and 12. The wheel 12 drives the wheel 13 on the
axis F, on which is likewise the wheel 14. The wheel 14 drives the wheel 15
on the same axis G with the weels 16 and 17, also the cylanders 18, 18, 18, 18.
The wheel 17 drives the wheel 19, which drives the wheel 20. The wheels 19
and 20 carry with them on their axis sets of cylenders 21 and 22, similar to
18, &c., on the axis G. The cylenders 21 are pressed against the surface of
the others by the springs H, H. The wheel 11 turns the spokes 2 B, &c., by
the bands E, E. The axis E is unlocked by the levers J, J, in the same
manner as described in Figure 1. The endless pinion or worm 8 turns the
wheel 24, which carries with it on the shaft K crak L, which by means of
the strip M draws backward and forward the bar N, N. The rollers O, O;
being fixt to the frame of the machine obliges the bar N, N, to rise and fall
in passing over them by means of the wedges P, P, fixt to the bar. Upon
this bar rests the rollers Q, Q, which rising with it, lifts at the same time,
strait upward and downward, the upright pieces R R, with which rises
and falls the bar S, S, and the spoles 23, &c. Over each pair of cylenders
30, 31, &. is placed a swift 26, from which the jersey &c., descending, passes
under a small roller 27, which lying loosely in two notches only presses upon
it with its own weight. The wheel 16 drives the wheel 32, which drives the
wheel 33 on the axis T. On the axis T is the wheel 29 and the cylender 31.
The wheel 29 drives the wheel 28 on the axis V, on which are likewise the
cylender 30.
Figure 7 is part of a machine, differing from Figure 6 only in
the situation and construction of the rollers. The roller 3 (Figure 7) being
fixt on the shaft T (Figure 6) supports upon its surface the two rollers 1, 2,
whose axis lie loose in a perpendicular groove for that purpose. In the same
the larger roller 6 (Figure 7) is fixt on the axis G (Figure 6), and supports
the two rollers 4, 5. The two upper rollers 1 and 4 are of metal, in order to
press hard upon the other rollers. The yarn or roving descending from the
bobbin A (Figure 7) arrives at the spole B, corresponding with the spooles
23, 23. (Figure 6, Figure 8) is joined to Figure 1 or 6 in the same manner
that Figure 7 is joined to Fig. 6. Figure 8 has the three upper rollers
similar to those of Figure 7, but the three lower ones being situated as
described at A, B, C, Figure 8, are moved in the following manner :-At the
end of each of the ends of the rollers is a toothed wheel. That on the
roller C drives that on the roller A, which drives that on the roller B, or

page_text: therwise, they moving in a similar manner to the rollers 16, 17, 18, &c., in
Fig. 1. The roller A is pressed upon the surfaces of the roller B and C by
veights and springs.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Barber, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of August, in the twenty-third
year of the reign of His said most Excellent Majesty King George
the Third, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ire-
land King, Defender of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of
our Lord One thousand seven hundred and eighty-three.