Improvements in Rotary Pumps, Engines, and Blowers.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 14th Dec.,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Pumps, Engines, and Blowers.
I, FRANZ MARBURG, Jr., of No. 101 Hodge Avenue, in the City of Buffalo, in
the County of Erie, in the State of New York, one of the United States of
America, Draftsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention relates to rotary pumps, engines and blowers of the kind wherein
a rotating piston in the piston chamber has teeth or projections arranged in pairs
said teeth engaging or gearing with corresponding recesses in two rotating abut-
ments arranged at opposite sides of the piston in abutment chambers where they fit
snugly. The casing has a pair of induction and a pair of eduction ports grouped
about the piston and alternating with each other, the ports of each pair being
arranged upon diametrically opposite sides of the piston.
In this class of pumps engines and blowers, as usually constructed, where the work
is heavy, the unbalanced pressure on the abutments is productive of excessive
friction and consequent loss in effectiveness as well as in wear on the parts.
The object of my invention is to balance the pressures on the abutments in an
automatic and simple way, and this I effect, broadly speaking, by providing ducts
for the fluid under tension which lead the fluid to balancing ports situated
diametrically opposite to the regular eduction and induction ports of the pump
engine or blower between which the rotating abutment is situated. Thus whatever
may be the excess of pressure at the regular eduction port of the pump, for
example, the fluid from that side, acting through the duct, will bear with equal
pressure on the opposite side of the abutment at the oppositely arranged balancing
port.
The ducts for leading the fluid to the balancing ports may be formed in the casing
of the pump or they may extend diametrically through the abutment, as
preferred.
I also prefer to form in the walls of the abutment-chambers channels into which
the balancing ports open, the area of the channel determining the area of pressure
on the surface of the abutment; and I also prefer to provide means for temporarily
closing the balancing ports to prevent circulation of air in the pump at starting,
where the engine or machine is used as a pump for pumping liquids.
Dated this 29th day of August 1895.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Rotary Pumps, Engines, and Blowers.
1, FRANZ MARBURG, Jr., of No. 101 Hodge Avenue, in the City of Buffalo, in
the County of Erie, in the State of New York, one of the United States of
America, Draftsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to rotary pumps, engines, and blowers of the kind wherein

page_text: a rotary piston in a piston-chamber has teeth or projections which engage or gear
with corresponding recesses in two rotating abutments arranged at opposite sides
of the piston in abutment-chambers wherein they fit closely but rotatively.
In this class of pumps, engines and blowers, especially where the work is heavy,
the unbalanced pressure on the abutments is productive of excessive friction and
wear, and to obviate this by balancing, more or less perfectly, the pressure on the
abutments, is the principal object of my invention, which I will now more minutely
describe with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodi-
ment of the invention in a pump.
In these drawings:-
Figure is a sectional elevation of the pump, on the irregular line 'x', Figure 3,
and Figure 2, a horizontal mid-section of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively sections in the planes indicated by the lines,
and, in Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a side view of the pump.
Figure 6 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 3, but showing the piston and
abutments in a different position.
Figures 7 and 8 illustrate slight modifications of the construction.
1 represents the main cylinder of the pump, 2 the base thereof, 3 and 4 the heads,
5 the induction chamber, 6 the eduction chamber and 7 the piston-chamber. The
induction and eduction chambers are separated by a partition 8; 9 is the induction,
and 10 the eduction pipe. 15 is the piston and 16 its shaft, one end having a
stuffing-box 17, and the other a stuffing-box 18.
The piston is provided with a plurality of equidistant teeth or piston-heads, 19,
which sweep over the central walls, 20 and 21 of the chamber, being separated a
distance slightly less than the length of said walls. Preferably the teeth 19 will.
be semi-circular in cross-section and will be arranged in pairs as shown.
At each side of the piston-chamber is an abutment chamber; and rotatively
mounted in these chambers are abutments 25 and 26; of the same diameter as the
piston and having journals 27 and 28. There are pinions 31, 32, on these journals
which gear with a similar pinion 35 on the piston-shaft, so that the piston drives
the abutments. The abutments have semi-circular depressions 36 to receive the
teeth or heads 19 on the piston; otherwise the cylindrical piston and abutments
are in close peripheral contact and they fit closely to the walls 37 and 38 of their
respective chambers. The distance between the depressions in the abutments is a
little less than that between the edge of each wall 37, 38 and the point at which
the piston contacts with the abutment.
The induction chamber 5, communicates with the piston-chamber by ports 39, 40,
on diametrically opposite sides of the piston and at the junction of the walls 21 37,
and 21, 38. The eduction chamber 6 communicates likewise with the piston-
chamber by ports 41, 42, also arranged upon diametrically opposite sides of the
piston, as clearly shown. Preferably the ports will be grouped about the piston
equidistantly, as shown. The ports 39, 40 and 41, 42, extend across into the
induction and eduction sides of the pump so that the piston may act throughout its
full length.
I will now explain the means for balancing the pressures ou the abutinents, which
are subjected to unbalanced pressures, normally.
In the walls 37, 38, of the abutment chambers and diametrically opposite to the
respective induction and eduction ports, are formed channels 43, 44, and 45, 46,
respectively, which channels extend the length of the abutments. Channel 43 is
connected by a duct 50 and extension 51, with the induction chamber 5, and the
channel 44 communicates by a duct 52 with the eduction chamber 6. Similar
ducts 53, 54, connect the induction and eduction chambers, respectively, with the
channels 45 and 46 at the abutment 26, the duct 54 communicating through an
extension 55 of chamber 6. The several channels 43, 44, 45 and 46, are each of a
width equal to that of the surface of the abutment exposed to pressure from the
induction and eduction ports, or in other words, to the distance between the edge

page_text: of the wall of the abutment-chamber and the point of contact between the piston
and the abutment in that chamber. Thus it will be seen that while operating, the
pressure on opposite sides or faces of the abutment will always be equal, no matter
what that pressure may be.
As heretofore described with reference to the principal figures of the drawing,
the channels 43, 44, 45 and 46 are put in communication with the respective
induction and eduction chambers through ducts formed in the walls of the chambers,
but these ducts may be formed in the abutments themselves as clearly shown in
Figure 7, which shows diametrically arranged ducts, 50, 52, 53 and 54ª.
If the pump stands idle for a time it becomes filled with air the presence of
which would, for a short time after starting, interfere with the working of the
pump. To enable the latter to free itself quickly from the air in its chambers,
I provide means for closing the ducts 50, 52, 53 and 54 temporarily, this means
consisting of screw-plugs 60 adapted to be screwed in and close the ducts.
I prefer
to provide each plug 60 with a rubber-tip, 61, as clearly shown in Figure 8, so that
it will effect an hermetic closure.
In Figure 1, 79 and 80 represent ducts to convey away any liquid which may
leak about the ends of the piston and abutments.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a rotary pump, engine or blower, the combination of a rotary piston
provided with piston-heads or teeth arranged in pairs, the teeth of each pair being
located upon diametrically opposite sides of the piston, a pair of induction and a
pair of eduction ports grouped about the piston and alternating with each other,
the ports of each pair being on diametrically opposite sides of the piston, a pair of
rotary abutments in chambers at opposite sides of the piston and having depressions
which engage and fit the heads on the piston, and ducts arranged substantially as
set forth for balancing the pressures on the abutments, all substantially as
described.
2. A pump, engine or blower, constructed according to Claim 1, and having
channels 43, 44, 45 and 46 arranged in the walls of the abutment-chambers to
receive the fluid from the balancing ducts, said channels having each a width equal.
to the width of the space on the abutment, opposite to the channel, which receives
pressure from the fluid, substantially as set forth.
3. A pump, engine or blower, constructed according to Claim 1, and having:
plugs 60, or the like, for temporarily closing the balancing ducts hermetically, for
the purpose set forth.
Dated this 16th day of October 1895.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Agent for the Applicant.