IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF SUGAR
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OR CONNECTED WITH CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
IN THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF SUGAR." A communication to him
from abroad by Moriz Weinrich of Vienna in the Empire of Austria.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th July 1882.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH CENTRIFUGAL, MACHINES
OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF Sugar"
A communication to me from abroad by Moriz Weinrich of Vienna in the Empire
of Austria
This Invention relates to a Centrifugal Machine or apparatus in which Steam is
used for liquoring or whitening Sugar and it consists in providing these Machines or
apparatus with means for separating the watery particles from the Steam as herein-
after described in such a manner that dry steain only is allowed to come in contact
with the Sugar.
It is of great importance in the operation of liquoring or whitening the Sugar
by means of Steam in the Centrifugal Machine that the steam which is employed
as the purifying or clarifying Agent should be as dry as possible as the yield of
white Sugar is considerably greater under these conditions than when either
watery Steam or a mixture of Steam and air is employed.
In carrying out this Invention the parts by means of which the desired result is
obtained form part of the cover which closes the outer casing of the Centrifugal
Machine when the latter is at work.
The Steam employed for performing the operation of liquoring is conducted by a
steam pipe into a dome at the upper part of the apparatus. This dome is

page_text: constructed with a conical bottom or sieve of sheet metal provided with fine
perforations through which the Steam from the dome passes into a space formed
between an external cover and an inner or lower cover. The conical bottom of
the dome is attached to the external or upper cover and the inner or lower cover
is provided with a circular central opening with turned up edges. Over this
opening (which communicates with the interior of the basket) and under the
conical bottom of the dome is arranged a conical cover or deflector secured to the
inner or lower cover by means of suitable brackets or supports. This inner cover
is slightly conical or inclined towards its circumference where it is provided with
an annular gutter and suitable outlets for the escape of condensed water.
The steam after passing through the perforated bottom of the dome herein before
described is deflected into the space between the external and the innerc over of
the machine. The watery or heavier particles are then separated and collected in
this space the water of condensation escaping by the annular trough and outlets
herein before referred to whilst the dry steam alone is drawn by Centrifugal force
under the conical deflector and through the opening herein before described in the
inner or lower cover into the interior of the drum or basket containing the sugar.
The watery particles may be allowed to mix with the Syrup in the space between
the sides of the basket and the outer casing or they may be conducted away from
the apparatus by means of funnels arranged under the outlets in the annular gutter
and communicating with suitable pipes or conduits.
The Sugar treated in the improved apparatus herein before described is brought
in contact with dry steam only whereby the yield of white sugar is considerably
augmented The greater part of the impurities which are frequently carried along
mechanically with the steam are also retained by the perforated cone or sieve at"
the bottom of the dome a feature which is of considerable importance in the
manufacture of the finer classes of Sugar.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd January 1883.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES
OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF SUGAR
"
a communication to me from abroad by Moriz Weinrich of Vienna in the Empire
of Austria
?
This Invention relates to centrifugal machines or apparatus in which steam is
used for liquoring or whitening sugar and it consists in providing these machines
or apparatus with means for separating the watery particles from the steam as
hereinafter described in such a manner that dry steam only is allowed to come in
contact with the sugar it being of great importance, in the operation of liquoring
or whitening sugar, by means of steam, in the centrifugal machine, that the steam
which is employed as the purifying or clarifying agent should be as dry as possible
as the yield of white sugar is considerably greater under these conditions than
when either watery steam or a mixture of steam and air is employed.
I will explain the said Invention with reference to the accompanying drawing
which represents a vertical section of a centrifugal machine constructed in
accordance with the present Invention.
The parts by means of which the desired result is obtained form part of the
cover which closes the outer casing of the centrifugal machine when the latter is
at work-The steam employed for performing the operation of liquoring is con-
ducted by a steam pipe a into a dome h at the upper part of the apparatus This
dome is constructed with a conical bottom or sieve a of sheet metal provided with
fine perforations through which the steam from the dome passes into a space b
formed between the external cover c and an inner or lower cover d-The conical
bottom 8 of the dome is attached to the external or upper cover c and the inner or
lower cover d is provided with a circular central opening o with a turned up edge
as shown-Over this opening o (which communicates with the interior of the
basket) and under the conical bottom s of the dome is arranged a conical cover or
deflector e secured to the inner or lower cover d by means of suitable legs or
supports f so arranged that the steam can pass as shown by the arrows-
inner cover d is slightly conical or inclined towards its circumference where it is
provided with an annular gutter and suitable outlets g for the escape of condensed
water.
This
The steam after passing through the perforated bottom s of the dome is deflected
into the space between the external cover c and the inner cover d-The watery or
heavier particles are separated and collected in this space, the water of condensation
escaping by the annular trough and outlets g whilst the dry steam alone is drawn
by centrifugal force under the conical deflector e and through the opening o in the
inner or lower cover d into the interior of the drum or basket containing the
sugar.
The watery particles separated as aforesaid may be allowed to mix with the
syrup in the space between the sides of the basket and the outer casing or they
may be conducted away from the apparatus by means of funnels t arranged under
the outlets g and communicating with suitable pipes or conduits.
By the employment of the improvements described dry steam only is brought
into contact with the sugar treated whereby the yield of white sugar is considerably
augmented The greater part of the impurities which are frequently carried along
mechanically with the steam are also retained by the perforated cone or sieve s, a

page_text: feature which is of considerable importance in the manufacture of the finer classes
of sugar.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the saine is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is:-
In centrifugal machines or apparatus employed in the manufacture or treatment
of sugar the combination of means for separating the watery particles from the
steam used in the said manufacture or treatment substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
..In witness whereof I the said John Henry Johnson have to this my.
Specification set my hand and seal this tenth day of January One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
J. HENRY JOHNSON (L.S.)