Improvements in or connected with Brick Kilns.
Year: 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Brick Kilns.
I, THOMAS LLOYD, of New Milton, Hampshire, Brick Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with kilns for burn-
ing bricks, the object being certain improvements in the construction of same
to ensure the more equal burning of the bricks and to prevent the said bricks
from being cracked by currents of cold air impinging upon them while they are
being burnt, furthermore by these improvements the kiln is rendered con-
siderably stronger and prevented from cracking, particularly at the ends, while
inspection holes are provided through which the interior of the kiln and the
bricks in the various stages while being burnt can be easily scen.
In order that this invention may be fully understood, I will now proceed to
describe same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a kiln constructed according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan.
Fig. 3 is a top view or plan.
Fig. 4 is an end view of the kiln.
Fig. 5 is a cross section taken through one end of the kiln.
Fig. 6 is an outside front elevation of one of the fire holes drawn to an enlarged
scale as compared with the other figures.
Fig. 7 is an inside front elevation of one of the fire holes.
Fig. 8 is a sectional plan of same, and
Fig. 9 is a longitudinal cross section.
According to this invention, the kiln a is furnished upon each side with a
sufficient number of fire holes 6 (Fig. 1) which instead of running direct through
the walls of the kiln are divided at their inner extremities into two passages b
in such a manner that a shield or screen c faces the extremity of the fire hole b
and in this manner cold air passing through any one of the fire holes first
strikes against the heated screen or shield thereby becoming heated to a
considerable degree, when it is divided into two currents and enters the kiln
through the passages b. It will thus be readily seen that by this improvement
in the construction of the kiln a direct draught of cold air through the fire hole
into the kiln is impossible, this being replaced by a divided current of heated
air by reason of the arrangement of the screen or shield c.
I further arrange in connection with each fire hole an inspection hole or
inspection holes (Figs. 5 to 9). Where two inspection holes are provided,
they are arranged one on each side of the fire hole and pass through the walls
of the kiln. The inspection holes are closed at their outer extremities by suit-
able removable plugs or covers d' (Fig. 6), while their inner extremities face
the divided passages 6 of the fire holes in such a manner that a direct sight
into the interior of the kiln may be had through any one of the inspection holes.

page_text: A further improvement in connection with kilns constructed according to this
invention consists in building the end flues g of the series of flues I with which
the kiln is provided, slightly out of the vertical and in such a manner that their
upper extremities pass out of the kiln through the substance of the ends of
same and a sufficient distance from the inside edge to allow tie bars h, connected
with uprights, to pass directly over these ends, which are preferably built in
the form of an arch, and in this manner the said ends may be tightly "tied"
or secured between the uprights and the tie bar h so as to prevent them
splitting, cracking or bulging.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The improvement in the construction of brick kilns and kilns of a similar
nature, consisting in the arrangement within each fire hole of a screen or shield
designed to heat the incoming currents of cold air and to divide them into two
streams of heated air when entering the kiln substantially as set forth.
2. In kilns for burning bricks and the like the division of each fire hole b
at its inner extremity into two passages or channels such as b¹ in combination
with a screen or shield e arranged substantially as herein described and shown
with reference to the accompanying drawings and for the purposes specified.
3. In kilns for burning bricks and the like the building of the end flues g
slightly out of the vertical to enable tie bars to be arranged and take effect
directly over and embrace the substance of the ends of the kiln, substantially
as set forth.
4. In kilns for burning bricks and the like the arrangement of inspection
holes such as d with their inner extremities opening into the divided passages b
of the fire hole b, substantially as set forth.
D1 11. 01 1
P
יד
1000
ས་་
F. G. CASSELL
(Of Cassell & Co.),
22, Glasshouse Street, Regent Street, London, W.,
Agent for the Applicant.