Improvements in Sanitary Drain Pipes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 19th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 22nd Dec., 1894
Improvements in Sanitary Drain Pipes.
I, MICHAEL TERRENCE FITZPATRICK, of 27 Innisfallen Parade, North Circular
Road, Dublin, Ireland, Bricklayer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in sanitary drain pipes whereby consider-
able economy is effected in the process of laying such pipes, and the manipulating
or sealing of the joints, simplified, and rendered more efficient 'and secure; and
furthermore whereby such joints may be perfected without the use of that
description of padding known as "gaskin."
The ordinary drain pipe at present in use, is, as is well known formed with a
flange on one end, the internal shoulder of which, as well as the free end of the pipe
being square in section.
When the free end of an adjoining pipe is inserted in this flange, the annular
space is, according to the present practice, first filled up with "gaskin," for the two-
fold purpose of securing a uniformity of bore and preventing the cement entering
the pipes, then the joint is padded round with cement.
In thus sealing the joint, considerable difficulty is experienced in preserving a
continuity of level, and also in padding that section of the circumference which
lies on the ground. There is also the danger of the cement settling or running
down to the bottom of the joint, thus falling away and causing an imperfect
joint.
Now my invention is designed to obviate these defects, and to this end, I propose
in the first instance to chamfer the internal shoulder of the flanged end of the pipe,
and secondly, to form a corresponding bevelled or tapering edge on the free or
penetrating end, whereby, when the one pipe is inserted in the other, a perfectly
level bore or running surface is ensured. Thirdly, I propose to form on the
internal circumference of the flange, a lip or raised edge on which the penetrating
pipe partly rests and which facilitates the introduction of the cement in the act of
sealing the joint.
The vertical height of this lip or raised edge is governed by the width of the
annular space created between the two pipes.
In making joints with my improved drain pipes, it is obvious that immediately
the free end of one pipe is inserted in the flanged end of another, a perfect
uniformity of bore is established without the use of "gaskın."
It is also obvious that the manipulation of the joint is considerably facilitated
and that the cement can be more easily and securely introduced, especially around
the lower section of the circumference, since the presence of the lip or raised
edge forms an enclosed area underneath the penetrating end of the pipe, into which
the cement can be pressed or forced down from the sides of the pipe.
Thus according to my invention, 1, not only produce a new form of drain pipe,
but effect a considerable improvement in the system of making joints, whereby
(1). the use of "gaskin" is dispensed with; (2) a uniform bore preserved; and
(3) a more efficient seal obtained.
Dated the 17th day of February 1894.
J. K. FAHIE & SON,
9, Westland Row, Dublin, Agents for Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Sanitary Drain ripes.
I, MICHAEL TERRENCE FITZPATRICK, of 27 Innisfallen Parade, North Circular
Road, Dublin, Ireland, Bricklayer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in sanitary drain pipes, whereby consider-
able economy is effected in the process of laying such pipes, and the manipulating
or sealing of the joints simplified and rendered more efficient and secure; and
furthermore whereby such joints may be perfected without the use of that
description of padding known as "gaskin."
The ordinary drain pipe at present in use, is, as is well known formed with a
flange on one end, the internal shoulder of which as well as the free end of the
pipe being square in section.
When the free or spigot end of an adjoining pipe is inserted in this flange, the
annular space is, according to the present practice, first filled up with "gaskin," for
the two-fold purpose of securing a uniformity of bore, and preventing the cement
entering the pipes, then the joint is padded round with cement. In thus sealing the
joint, considerable difficulty is experienced in preserving a continuity of level, and
There
also in padding that section of the circumference which lies on the ground.
is also the danger of the cement settling or running down to the bottom of the
joint, thus falling away from the top and sides, and causing an imperfect joint.
Now my invention is designed to obviate these defects, and to this end I will
proceed to describe with the assistance of the accompanying drawings, the improve-
ments which I effect. In the first instance I propose to chamfer or taper the
internal shoulder of the faucet end of the pipe, and to form a corresponding
chamfered or tapering edge on the free or spigot end as shewn in Figs. 2 and 3,
whereby when one pipe is inserted in the other a perfectly level bore or running
surface is ensured. Next I propose to form on the internal circumference of the
flange, a lip or raised edge as shewn at a in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive.
On this lip or raised edge the end of the penetrating pipe partly rests, and it acts
as an enclosure or means for facilitating the introduction of the cement in the act
of sealing the joint, and holding it (the cement) while settling.
The vertical height of this lip or raised edge, it is obvious, is governed by the
depth of the annular space round the flange. Thirdly, I form around a section of
the outer periphery of the flange, a shoulder as shewn at c, in Fig. 1, for the
purpose of facilitating the placing of the pipe on its bed, and preventing any
tendency to roll from its proper position.
A modification of the principle involved in my invention is illustrated in Fig. 4,
wherein I propose to form in the internal shoulder of the faucet an angular recess
into which the ordinary square edge of the spigot of the adjoining pipe enters
directly.
In making joints with my improved drain pipe it is obvious that immediately the
free or spigot end of one pipe is inserted in the flanged end of another a perfect
uniformity of bore is established without the use of " gaskin."
It is also obvious that the manipulation of the joint is considerably facilitated
and that the cement can be more readily and securely introduced especially around
the lower section of the flange since the presence of the lip or raised edge forms
an enclosed area into which the cement can be pressed or forced down from the
sides.
Thus according to my invention I not only produce a new form of drain pipe but
I effect a considerable improvement in the system of making joints whereby (1) the

page_text: use of "gaskin" is dispensed with; (2) a uniform bore preserved; and (3) a more
efficient seal produced.
It is obvious that an essential part of my invention, namely, that described as a
lip or raised edge (made of earthenware, or other suitable material) may be applied
to and utilized in combination with the ordinary drain pipe at present in use as
shewn in Fig. 5, without departing from the principle involved in my said invention.
In this case the lip or raised edge may constitute part of the solid casting, or may
form a detachable piece to be placed in position in the act of laying the pipes.
By this modification the uniformity of bore is preserved by adjusting the height
of the said lip; also the annular space round the penetrating pipe is secured, and a
good joint can be effected as above described.
Fig. 1, shews in perspective the union of two drain pipes, constructed and
arranged according to my said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would have it understood
that what I claim is: ---
First. In drain pipes, the formation of chamfered or tapered shoulders in the
faucet and corresponding chamfered or tapered edges on the free or spigot end,
whereby a perfect uniformity of bore is maintained for the purpose substantially as
described.
Second. In drain pipes the use of chamfered or tapered shoulders and chamfered
or tapered ends as claimed in the first claim in combination with a lip or raised
edge formed on the inner circumference of the flange for the purpose, and in the
manner substantially as specified.
Third. In drain pipes, the modification described in reference to Fig. 4, wherein
an angular recess is formed in the shoulder of the faucet for the reception of the
angular or ordinarily constructed spigot end in combination with the lip or raised
projection in the manner substantially as specified.
Fourth. The use and application of the lip or raised edge herein described in
combination with the ordinary drain pipe as at present employed in the manner
substantially as specified and set forth.
Dated the 17th day of November 1894
J. K. FAHIE & SON,
9, Westland Row, Dublin, Agents for Applicant.