AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING BEEB, ALE, PORTER, AND OTHER BEVERAGES OF A LIKE NATURE
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Embury Lockwood, of 96, Leadenhall
Street, in the City of London, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING BEEB, ALE, PORTER, AND OTHER
BEVERAGES OF A LIKE NATURE."
Sealed the 2nd April 1874, and dated the 23rd January 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Embury Lock-
wood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 23rd January 1874.
I, PHILIP EMBURY LOCKWOOD, of 96, Leadenhall Street, in the City
of London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING BEER, ALE, PORTER, AND
OTHER BEVERAGES OF A LIKE NATURE," to be as follows:-
It is well known that all beers contain but a small proportion of solid
constituents, commonly averaging from 6 to 15 per cent. The amount
of alcohol (anhydrous) also rarely exceeds 10 to 12 per cent. of the

page_text: entire bulk of beer, and more usually may be estimated at from 3 to 6
per cent. in volume. It is therefore evident, that if the extractive
matters and alcohol can be retained, and a greater or less quantity of the
water driven off, the chief constituents of beer will be comprised
within a greatly contracted compass. This I effect by taking beer of
any description, or any other fermented beverage of a like nature,
whether before or after it has been fermented or at any stage of of fermen-
tation, and distil off a large proportion of the liquid, preferably at a low
temperature so as not to injure the properties of the extractive matter.
I then re-distil the liquid condensed in the receiver until the alcohol, if
any, is concentrated to a considerable strength; or the entire operation
may be performed in vacuum pans adapted to rectifying stills of various
constructions.
I do not re-distil the distillate when the beer has not been fermented
or only slightly fermented. The spirit obtained from the distillation I
again mix with the extractivo matters, now containing but little water.
In this condition the concentrated beer occupies but small space and is
much improved in its keeping properties. It may at any time be
re-made into ordinary beer by adding water, aerated water, or by mixing
with water by means of any ærating machine which will charge the
beer with common air or carbonic acid, either mechanically or by means
of effervescing mixtures, and the beer may be bottled at once or
retained in cask. Or the beer concentrated before fermentation may be
sent out in that state and water and yeast or any other ferment added at
any time when desired, the result being ordinary beer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Philip Embury Lockwood in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PHILIP
EMBURY LOCKWOOD, of Number 96, Leadenhall Street, in the City of 8
London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the

page_text: year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Philip Embury Lockwood,
Her special licence that I, the said Philip Embury Lockwood, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Philip Embury Lockwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING BEER, ALE,
PORTER, AND OTHER BEVERAGES OF A LIKE NATURE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Philip Embury Lockwood, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately

page_text: beverage fermentation may be set up if desired, by which means
effervescence will be quickly imparted.
If light alcoholic strength is desired, alcohol may be developed by
simply setting up fermentation without adding alcohol. Previous to
bottling or racking the sediment, if any, should be removed by decan-
tation, filtering, pressing, or otherwise.
If it is found that during the process of condensation any of the
strength or aroma of the hops may have passed off in the vapour, hops
may again be added, either by "dry hopping" the water which is added,
or the beer after it is re-made, or by adding at any time the desired
proportion of extract or essence of hops; or beer may be taken for
condensation which has originally been brewed with less hops than
usual, and the due proportion of hops may be added when re-made.
The above relates to my mode of treating beer or other similar
beverages after it is fermented; but when it is desired to condense
unfermented beer (worts), then immediately previous to condensing it
the worts should be subjected for a short time to a temperature of at
least 212° Fahrenheit, which may be done in the copper or afterwards
by other suitable means, for instance, such as are employed in preparing
condensed milk. By subjecting it to this heat and then condensing it
the tendency to ferment is suspended, and it may be stored or sent out
in its condensed form; more hops may be added if desired when
re-made, and fermentation may afterwards be set up in the usual way.
I do not reduce worts to a solid form.
When unfermented beer (worts) is taken, or if for any reason it is
not desired to save the alcohol, the process of condensing may be per-
formed without the attachment of a receiver or still, and if desired in an
open condensing pan.
The following advantages of this Invention, among others, may be
enumerated.

page_text: 2. As the beer or other similar beverage undergoes little if any
change in flavour or quality during condensation, the beverage to be
condensed may be selected at its best condition; after condensation it
remains practically unchanged until it is re-made, when a beverage is
reproduced as nearly as may be of the same flavour and quality
as when it was originally taken, thus affording a home or foreign
dealer or bottler an almost absolute certainty of always having his beer
in good condition instead of having to wait, as at present, for it to ripen

page_text: Third. I claim the use of this process for the production of a new
non-alcholic beverage possessing a flavour and other qualities similar to
beer without its intoxicating properties.
In witness whereof, I, the said Philip Embury Lockwood, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.