A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF FORGING BLANK BOLTS, SET SCREWS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES AND IN APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME
Year: 1885

page_text: We, EDWARD DAVIES of Bag Lane, Screw Bolt Manufacturer, GEORGE PARTINGTON
of 147 Market Street, Foreman Bolt Maker, and ALBERT BULLOUGH of 115 Bag
Lane, Mechanic, all of Atherton near Manchester in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD
OF FORGING BLANK BOLTS, SET SCREWS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES AND IN
APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in machinery for forging blank bolts,
set screws, and other similar articles and consists in mechanical arrangements of
mechanism equally applicable to what are known as the "drop" hammer, " Oliver,"
and others for forging the heads of bolts and set screws at one operation from a
straight or uniform rod of iron when forging the shank, thereby dispensing with
the present system of pressing or bumping on of the same. To accomplish this we
mount on a convenient part of the bed of the machine suitable single or other
swages according to the form or shape of forging required, and corresponding
with those on the underside of the hammer. Immediately behind the swages on
the bed of the machine is disposed a reciprocating hammer or tool for cupping and
forming the top side of the head. This reciprocating hammer or tool is constructed
on the opposite end in a bevel or wedge form against which operates a vertical
spindle provided with a corresponding end, the whole being fixed in a metallic box
or casing and operates as follows:-The reciprocating hammer or tool is pressed
back a sufficient distance to allow for the depth of the head by an internal spring
in the metallic box or casing surrounding the same, the distance being regulated
by adjustable washers or other equivalents. When the heated bar is placed in the
swages the hammer is operated and descends and forms the part under the head,
during which the vertical spindle is struck by an arm or a portion of the head,
with the effect of forcing the reciprocating hammer or tool outwardly and against
the head of the bolt or set screw being formed between the inside of the swages
and the said reciprocating hammer or tool, which is forced against it every blow
and released when the hammer rises for the purpose of giving another blow or
otherwise.

page_text: In applying this invention to what is known as the "Oliver" the said vertical
spindle is struck each blow by the hammer arm in its descent with the hammer
and so on according to the construction of the machine, by which the head is
cupped and formed at the same time as the neck or body of the bolt or set screw
is being swaged.
After the underside of the head has been formed with the head it is moved to
another swage on the same or other block when the whole of the body or shank
is swaged to the desired length, after which it is again placed in another swage
provided with a gauge and is cut off by a cutting tool fixed to the swage on the
hammer.
Swages of varying form can be utilized, such as, square, round, hexagon, and
other forms.

page_text: We, EDWARD DAVIES of Bag Lane, Screw Bolt Manufacturer, GEORGE PARTINGTON
of 147 Market Street, Foreman Bolt Maker, and ALBERT BULLOUGH of 115 Bag
Lane, Mechanic, all of Atherton near Manchester in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD
OF FORGING BLANK BOLTS, SET SCREWS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES AND IN
APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in machinery for forging blank bolts,
set screws, and other similar articles and consists in mechanical arrangements of
mechanism equally applicable to what are known as the "drop-hammer," "Oliver,"
and others for forging the heads of bolts and set screws at one operation from a
straight or uniform rod of iron when forging the shank, thereby dispensing with
the present system of pressing or bumping on of the same.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a forging machine known as the "Oliver" with our
improvements applied-Fig. 2 is a part sectional elevation of our improvements-
Fig. 3 is a part sectional plan through line A B in Fig. 2-Fig. 4 is a front elevation
of Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 is a part plan of Fig. 4.
In all the figures the same letters are used to indicate corresponding parts.
"
C is the block or anvil of the Oliver" forging machine provided with the
swage D of such a form or shape as required, which corresponds with the swage E
fixed on the underside of the hammer G. Immediately behind the swage D is
disposed the reciprocating hammer or tool H for cupping and forming the top side
of the bolt or set screw head being forged. The hammer or tool H is mounted in the
slide I and is provided with the bevelled end J, against which operates the vertical
spindle K provided with the bevelled end L, both being mounted in the metallic
box or casing M.
This apparatus operates as follows:-The hammer or tool H is pressed back a
sufficient distance to allow for the depth of the head to be forged by the internal
spring N, the distance or length being regulated by placing the adjustable washers O
between the head P on the slide I and the box or casing M. These washers can be
of varying thicknesses according to the depth of head required. When a heated
straight or uniform rod or bar of iron-as in Fig. 7-is placed in the centre swage R
the machine is operated causing the hammer G with the swage E to descend and
forge the part S under the head as in Fig. 8. When the hammer G descends its
carrying arm T strikes the vertical spindle K and forces the hammer or tool H
outwardly against the head of the bolt or set screw being formed between itself
and the inside of the swages D and E, which is forced against it every blow and
released when the hammer G rises for the purpose of giving another blow or
otherwise. When the arm T rises and liberates the vertical spindle K the hammer
or tool is forced back by the spring N, when it is ready for the next blow.

page_text: After the part S under the head has been formed with the head it is placed into
the swage R when the body or shank can be swaged to any convenient length,
after which it is placed in the swage R³ and the hammer G operated, with the
result that the forged bolt or set screw is cut off by the cutting tool W fixed on
the swage E, as in Fig. 6, leaving the forged blank bolt or set screw as in Fig. 9.
Swages of varying form can be utilized, such as, square, round, hexagon, and
others.
In applying this invention to other hammers, such as, the drop or steam hammer,
the swages are attached to the anvil block and hammer head in a similar manner
to that shewn, the vertical spindle K being operated each blow by an arm or its
equivalent attached to the hammer head or other convenient part.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The method of forging the heads of bolts, set screws, or other similar articles
at one operation from a straight or uniform rod when forging the shank or body,
substantially as herein described.
2. For carrying out the method hereinbefore described, the combination and
arrangement of apparatus, substantially as described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.