NEW OR IMPROVED STUDS FOR FASTENING SLEEVES, SHIRT FRONTS, AND WHICH MAY BE USED FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Muirhead, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED
STUDS FOR FASTENING SLEEVES, SHIRT FRONTS, AND WHICH MAY BE USED FOR
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Sealed the 6th October 1875, and dated the 14th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Muirhead at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th August 1875.
I, JAMES MUIRHEAD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "New
or IMPROVED STUDS FOR FASTENING SLEEVES, SHIRT FRONTS, AND WHICH MAY BE
USED FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention, which relates to new or improved studs for fastening
sleeves, shirt fronts, and which may be used for other similar purposes,
has reference to that class of studs known as "solitaires." The Invention
whilst enabling such studs to be inserted into the stud holes with the
facility due to the form of the lower part of such studs at present in use,

page_text: has for its object to cause such studs to be more firmly secured in place
and to prevent them falling out or becoming unfastened after being so
inserted.
According to the present Invention the studs are formed in two
principal portions, one of which is capable of being moved round on the
axis of the other, that is to say, they are co-axial. The lower part of
each half is formed with a cross tail of a shape and size suitable for
easy insertion into the holes of the parts which have to be fastened.
When the stud is in its place in the holes one part of the stud is turned
round, so that one cross tail becomes situated at right angles or nearly
so to the other, and a spring contained inside the stud so closes or forces
the two halves of the cross tail together (these being formed with
notches or recesses to interlock when in that position) that they are
firmly held therein. The position of the cross tails effectually retains
the studs in the holes & prevents them from falling out.
To remove the stud it is necessary only to turn round one portion of
the stud until the cross tails become parallel to one another, in which
position they may be removed after the manner of removing an ordinary
solitaire.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent 2
filed by the said James Muirhead in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
MUIRHEAD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, send
greeting.
2
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
39th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said James Muirhead, Her special license a
that I, the said James Muirhead, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said James Muirhead, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and

page_text: до
поще и го II ԱՆ ԿԵաԵէ սll- vu
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "NEW OR
IMPROVED STUDS FOR FASTENING SLEEVES, SHIRT FRONTS, AND WHICH MAY BE USED
FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said James Muirhead, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Muirhead, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My said Invention, which relates to new or improved studs for
fastening sleeves and shirt fronts, and which may be used for other
similar purposes has reference to that class of studs known as
"solitaires." The Invention whilst enabling such studs to be inserted
into the stud holes with the facility due to the form of the lower part of
such studs as at present used, has for its object to cause solitaire studs
to be more firmly secured in place or to prevent them from falling out
or becoming unfastened after being so inserted.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I
now proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or
manner in or under which the same is or may be used or practically
carried into effect, reference being had to the annexed Sheet of Drawings
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
On the Sheet of Drawings hereunto appended, Figure 1 is a side
elevation, and Figure 2 a horizontal section of one modification of the
solitaire stud as constructed in accordance with my said Invention.
As scen more particularly at Figure 1, the new or improved stud consists
of two principal portions a, b, one of which (the part 6) is composed of
a cross tail h fixed upon a central axis which extends upwards through

page_text: a central tube or axis c, formed on the other portion a. The parts a, b,
are thus co-axial, and at the interior of the part a a lever d is fixed on
the upper end of the axis of the part 6, the point of the lever extending
to the outside of the part a through a slot e formed therein as shewn
at Figure 1. A coil or other spring fat the interior of the part a acts
upon the inner end of the lever d. Another cross tail g is fixed on the
lower end of the tubular axis of the part a, which cross tail, together
with the cross tail & fixed on the part b, constitute the means whereby
the stud is held in its position in the stud hole.
Figures 3, 5, and 7, of the Drawings illustrate several forms of the
cross tails g, h, which may be employed with the new or improved studs
constituting my said Invention; but it is to be understood that I do
not confine myself to such forms, it being obvious that these are capable
of considerable variation. When the stud is in its place in the hole the
part thereof is turned round by the action of the spring f, until the
cross tail is at right angles or nearly so to the cross tail g, as seen at
Figures 3, 5, and 7, and under one arrangement the cross tails may be
notched or recessed as indicated at k, Figure 5, so that when in the
position shewn on the said Figure they become interlocked, whereby
the stud is held firmly in position in the stud hole, the position of the
cross tails preventing it from falling out.
The notches or recesses k
may when desired be dispensed with.
To remove the stud from the stud hole it is necessary only to turn
round the part by pressing with the finger or thumb on the end of the
lever d, projecting through the slot in the part a, until the cross tails
g and become parallel to one another, as shewn at Figures 4, 6, and 8,
in which position they may be removed from the stud hole after the
manner of removing an ordinary solitaire.
To afford sufficient purchase on the lever d, and also to hold the stud
steady whilst in the act of removing it, a knob is preferably formed on
the part a, at k¹, against which one finger bears whilst the other finger
or thumb is drawing the lever d towards the knob. Instead of a knob
a notch may be made in the part a, at the position marked k³, and for
the purposes set forth.
Under another arrangement of the new or improved solitaire stud
constructed in accordance with my said Invention, and which is not
shewn on the Drawings, the axis of the part instead of being attached

page_text: stone or figured surface constituting the
With this construction the said upper
to a lever d is attached to the
upper portion of the part a.
portion is made movable in the remainder of the part a, so that by
turning it partly round the cross tails are caused to assume a position
at right angles to each other or to become parallel, whereby the stud is
secured in or removed from the stud hole. A spring similar to that
shewn at f, Figure 2, or its equivalent, is or may also be employed with
this arrangement of solitaire.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which
the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is, the arrangement or construction of
the new or improved stud or solitaire, herein-before described and in part
illustrated on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, or any mere
modification of the same, wherein the holding part of the stud is
composed of cross pieces or tails capable of being brought parallel to
each other, substantially in the manner set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Muirhead, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
JAMES MUIRHEAD. (L.S.)