IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Morris Pollok at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st February
1861.
I, MORRIS POLLOK, the younger, of Govan, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD," to
be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of a portion of
the details of the machinery or apparatus used for winding yarn or thread on
to pirns. In winding yarn on to pirns, more particularly soft woollen yarn
according to the ordinary mode, there is a want of uniformity in the tightness
of the yarn owing to the conical figure of the pirn. The object of these
improvements is to obtain uniformity in the winding by varying the tensional
drag upon the yarn or thread during the winding operation. Under one
modification this is accomplished by means of a moveable bar or rod extending
along the front of the machine. This bar is arranged parallel to a secondary
bar, which is or may be stationary, and is carried in brackets projecting
laterally from the end standards or other convenient part of the framing.
The moveable bar is carried upon the lower stationary one, and it moves in
a segmental path over and partially round the fixed bar. Motion is commu-
nicated to the moveable bar by means of a bent lever attached to the end of
the bar, and connected by a chain or other means to the movement for actua-

page_text: may
ting the traverse bar which carries the yarn up and down the pirn. Or this
motion be communicated in any other convenient way so as to obtain a
regular to-and-fro movement of the bar. This arrangement is placed in front
of the traverse bar, and the yarn from the swift or other detail placed below, is
carried up under the fixed bar and over the oscillating one. The moveable
bar is arranged that as the yarn is wound on to the thinner portion of the
pirn it moves outwards or away from the traverse bar, and vice versa. In
this way as the yarn is wound on to the pirn, the tension is increased during
the winding of the smaller diameter of the pirn, and decreased whilst the
larger diameter of the pirn is being filled, this variation of the tension being
effected by altering the angle of the yarn as it passes over the traverse bar
so as to ensure accurate and uniform winding. The arrangement of bars here
referred to, may also be fitted in end discs if preferred, to which a partially
rotatory movement is communicated in any convenient manner. The requisite
varying tension may also be obtained by means of a rod moveable about its
axis, to this rod are fitted short elbow pieces of wire or other suitable material,
the free extremities of which have an eye formed in them. One of these
elbow pieces is arranged opposite each pirn, and the yarn is carried up
through the eyes and over the traverse bar. Upon turning the longitudinal
rod about its axis, the tension on the yarn is increased or diminished at plea-
sure, and the winding is carried on with uniform accuracy.