Decolourizing Liquids and solutions.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 29th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1887.
and Decolourizing Liquids and solutions.
I FRANK CANDY of High Street House Bexley in the County of Kent Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the manufacture
of materials for use in purifying and decolourizing liquids and solutions by filtration
or otherwise and especially intended for use in the purification and decolourization of
sugar solutions.
According to my said invention I take clay and calcine or burn it and afterwards
granulate it and then mix the granules with carbonaceous matter preferably tar and
green oils or other suitable liquid or semi-liquid hydrocarbons and then place the
granules so mixed with carbonaceous matter or hydrocarbons in retorts or other suitable
apparatus and subject the said granules to the action of heat sufficient to produce
carbonization of the carbonaceous matter or hydrocarbons with which they have
been mixed. I then treat the granules with acid in order to dissolve the iron and
alumina naturally contained in the clay and afterwards free the said granules from
acid with water.
I prefer to use clay naturally impregnated with carbonaceous matter and as free
as possible from iron but other kinds of clay whether containing carbonaceous
matter or not may be used for the purpose of my invention.
In some cases I add carbonaceous matter to the clay before calcining or burning
it and afterwards proceed with the manufacture as hereinbefore described.
11 1
A
* 1000
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: and Decolourizing Liquids and Solutions.
I FRANK CANDY of High Street House Bexley in the County of Kent Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the manufacture
of materials for use in purifying and decolourizing liquids and solutions by filtration
or otherwise and especially intended for use in the purification and decolourization of
sugar solutions the object of my said improvements being the production of a very
high degree of porosity and hardness in the said materials.
According to my said invention I take clay and calcine or burn it and afterwards
granulate it and then mix the granules with carbonaceous matter preferably tar and
green oils or other suitable liquid or semi liquid hydrocarbons and then place the
granules so mixed with carbonaceous matter or hydrocarbons in retorts or other
suitable apparatus and subject the said granules to the action of heat sufficient to
produce carbonization of the carbonaceous matter or hydrocarbons with which they
have been mixed. I then treat the granules with acid in order to dissolve the iron
and alumina naturally contained in the clay and afterwards free the said granules
from acid with water.
The proportions in which the clay and carbonaceous matters may be mixed
together are about four parts by weight of clay to about one part by weight of the
carbonaceous matter but higher or lower proportions of carbonaceous matter will
produce good results.
Either the tar or the green oils may be used alone or the two may be used in
admixture in any proportions.
Any kind of liquid or semi liquid hydrocarbon is suitable for use according to my
invention in place of tar and green oils but I prefer such hydrocarbons as are cheap
and not volatile or are only slightly volatile.
The size which I prefer for the granules and the kinds of acid which may be used
for dissolving the iron and alumina out of the granules and the methods of treating
the said granules with acid and afterwards freeing them from the acid are those
stated in the specification of the Letters Patent N° 2517 granted to me and bearing
date 20th February 1886.
I prefer to use clay of the kind described in the specification of the Letters Patent
N° 15948 granted to me and bearing date 28th December 1885 but other clay
naturally impregnated with carbonaceous matter and as free as possible from iron or
other kinds of clay whether containing carbonaceous matter or not are suitable
for use in carrying out my invention.

page_text: «
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In some cases I add a quantity of the commercial product known as wood flour
or other carbonaceous matter in a fine state of division or a quantity of any liquid or
semi liquid hydrocarbon of the kind herein before described to the clay before
calcining or burning it and afterwards calcine the mixture and then granulate the
product and mix the granules with tar or green oils or both or other suitable liquid
or semi liquid hydrocarbon or carbonaceous matter and carbonize the mixture by
heat and then treat it with acid and free it from acid as hereinbefore described.
In preparing the mixture of raw clay and carbonaceous matter for calcining I
prefer to dry and pulverize the clay before mixing the wood flour or other carbonaceous
matter therewith and when a liquid or semi liquid carbonaceous matter is not used I
afterwards moisten the powder and pug it or otherwise treat it so as to form it into
coherent masses and I prefer to mix the said matters together in the following
proportions namely about four parts by weight of clay to one part by weight of
carbonaceous matter but moist clay may be used and the said matters may be mixed
in any other proportions which will admit of the formation of coherent masses from
the said mixture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The manufacture herein before described which consists in carbonizing a mixture
consisting of calcined clay and liquid or semi liquid hydro carbon or other
carbonaceous matter and removing iron and alumina from the carbonized mixture.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of June 1887.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.