IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR DOUBLING AND SPINNING PLAIN AND UNIFORMLY TINGED OR COLORED YARNS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Bickerton, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION
OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR DOUBLING AND SPINNING PLAIN
AND UNIFORMLY TINGED OR COLORED YARNS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 11th September 1874, and dated the 13th March 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Bickertōn at
:
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on
: the 13th March 1874.
I, SAMUEL BICKERTON, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR DOUBLING AND
SPINNING PLAIN AND UNIFORMLY TINGED OR COLORED YARNS, AND IN THE
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention relates to the doubling lap machine
in which there are several laps wound on lap rods, and consists in
improved mechanical arrangements or contrivances for stopping the feed

page_text: motion of the machine when one or other of the laps is nearly or
entirely wound off its rod, the object being to prevent the irregularity
or uneveness of the finished lap caused by the two frequent inattention
and carelessness of the operative; and one of the main features of the
Invention consists in making the lap rod itself the first cause of the
stoppage of the feed motion.
At the same side of the machine at which the fast and loose pulleys
and strap of the feed motion work I employ below the ends of the lap
rods a bar carried by a slotted adjustable link bolted to one arm of a
two-armed lever working on a stud fixed to the framework, there being
a moveable weight for keeping the lever nicely balanced, and at the end
of the other arm a latch or holder. The strap fork is fixed to a hori-
zontal rod, having at one end a notch, catch, or projection in contact
with the latch or holder on the two-armed lever, and the other end of
the rod is connected to the top of an inclined rod or bar jointed at the
bottom to the framework, and when required I employ a weight or
spring to assist the movement of the strap fork in one direction.
When one or other of the laps is unwound, or nearly so, its rod has
so far descended as to press down the bar, slotted link, and one arm of
the two-armed lever, thereby raising its other arm and removing the
catch or holder upon it from the notch, catch, or projection on the rod
carrying the strap fork, which fork is then moved by the weight of the
parts or by the weight or spring so as to shift the strap from the fast. to
the loose pulley and stop the feed motion; and when desired I place the
strap fork on a sliding rod or bar and substitute for the two-armed lever
a bar having a vibrating or circular movement.
The second part of this Invention consists in so preparing cotton and
other fibrous materials that tinged or coloured yarns can be obtained
from the spinning machines in a more perfect and economical manner
than has hitherto been attained. For this purpose I use slivers or
slubbings of the colour required to. give the required tinge, and wind.
the said slivers or slubbings on the finished lap as it is being formed in.
the lap machine, from whence it is carded off in the carding engine.
uniformly with the lap, and afterwards passed through the ordinary.
operations to be spun into uniformly tinged or coloured yarn as required.

page_text: filed by the said Samuel Bickerton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
BICKERTON, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting. i
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Bickerton, Her special
license that I, the said Samuel Bickerton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said 'Samuel Bickerton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR DOUBLING AND
SPINNING PLAIN AND UNIFORMLY TINGED OR COLORED YARNS, AND IN THE
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Bickerton, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal.
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
· NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Bickerton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Figures on the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked there-
on (that is to say)
The first part of this Invention relates to the doubling lap machine,
in which there are several laps wound on lap rods, and consists_in..the

page_text: employment of mechanical arrangements or contrivances for stopping
the feed motion of the machine when one or other of the laps is nearly.
or entirely wound off its rod, the object being to prevent the irregularity
or unevenness of the finished lap caused by the too frequent inattention
and carelessness of the operative; and the main feature of the Invention
consists in making the lap rod itself the first cause of the stoppage of
the feed motion.
In one arrangement at the same side of the machine at which the fast
and loose pulleys and strap of the feed motion work I employ below the
ends of the lap rods levers fixed to a shaft carrying at one end a
weighted arm having a latch which can enter a detent or notch in a
horizontal rod, to which the strap fork is fixed, so that when one or
other of the laps is unwound, or nearly so, its rod shall depress its corre-
sponding lever and raise the latch out of the detent in the strap rod,
which then moves forward by the action of a spring or weight and shifts
the strap from the fast to the loose pulley and stops the feed motion.
The second part of this Invention consists in so preparing cotton and
other fibrous materials that tinged or colored yarns can be obtained in a
more perfect and economical manner than hitherto. For this purpose
I use slivers or slubbings of the color required to give the required tinge,
and wind the said slivers or slubbings on the finished lap as it is being
formed in the lap machine, from whence it is carried off in the carding
engine uniformly with the lap, and afterwards passed through the
ordinary operations to be spun into uniformly tinged or colored yarns as
required.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 is an end view;
Fig. 2, a longitudinal elevation; and Figs. 3, and 4, an enlarged end
view and plan of one of my arrangements for stopping the feed motion
when one or other of the laps is nearly or entirely wound off its rod;
and Fig. 5 is a plan representing the mode adopted for winding colored
slivers or slubbings on the finished lap.
Below the
a represents part of one of the side frames of the machine; b, the lap
rods; c, the laps; d, the beater shaft; e, f, the fast and loose pulleys
of the feed motion; g, the strap; and h, the strap fork.
ends of the lap rods are levers / adjusted and fixed to the shaft 1.
working in bearings m fixed to the framework, and carrying at one end
the weighted arm n, having at the bottom of its front end a látch, o.
:

page_text: .
T
The strap fork is fixed to a horizontal rod p, q, working in holes or
guides in a bracket r fixed to the framework, the part p. of the rod
being rectangular and the part 2 circular, and one end of a spring s is
linked to the part p, and its other end to the front part of the bracket r.
When the feed motion is at work and no stoppage is required the
strap is on the fast pulley e, the strap fork being held in position by
the latch in the detent in the rod p, q, but when one or other of the laps
is unwound, or nearly so, its rod has so far descended as to press down
its corresponding lever k and slightly turn the shaft 1, the effect of
which is to raise the weighted arm n˜and lift the latch o out of its detent
to enable the springs by its contractile force to bring the strap fork
forward and thereby shift the strap from the fast to the loose pulley and
stop the feed motion of the machine. The levers k and weighted arm
are so balanced that when no lap rod is acting the arm will overcome
the levers, and thus when a fresh lap is supplied for the one wound off
the operative has simply to push back the strap fork to the fast pulley
and the latch falls into the detent and there remains until another lap
rod is nearly or entirely unwound and another stoppage of the feed
motion is required, and although I have only shown one simple arrange-
ment it is well known to mechanics that many different combinations
can be used for enabling the lap rods to shift the strap from the fast
to the loose pulley.
For obtaining the tinged or colored yarns I simply allow a number of
colored slubbings or slivers to be in contact with the sheet as it is
travelling from the dust cages and drawing rollers to the finished lap,
and in the plan, Fig. 5, t represents the winding or finishing lap;. u, the
sheet; and v, the colored slivers or slubbings on bobbins w working
loose on the rod x.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention
I desire it to be understood that in doubling lap machines I claim,-
#
First. The employment or use of the descending weight of the lap
rods, in connection with mechanical movements or contrivances for
shifting the strap fork and strap from the fast to the loose pulley in
order to stop the feed motion when one or other of the laps is nearly or
entirely wound off its lap rod.
And, Secondly. The mode of obtaining tinged or colored yarns by

page_text: lap machine.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Bickerton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four. 5
Witness,
CHA. W. COLLINS.
SAM. BICKERTON. (L.S:)