IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jordan Aris, of No. 20, High Holborn, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE-SHOES."
Sealed the 12th May 1874, and dated the 19th February 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jordan Aris at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th February 1874.
I, JOHN JORDAN ARIS, of 20, High Holborn, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE-SHOES," to be as
follows:-
-
The object of this Invention is to construct shoes used for shoeing
horses or other hoofed animals in such manner and of such shape that
more secure foothold upon smooth or slippery ground is afforded to
animals so shod, and the chance of slipping or falling is greatly reduced
in comparison with animals shod in the manner ordinarily used.
For this purpose I take a suitable bar or plate of iron or other metal,
which I forge or bend into the well known shape of a shoe to fit the
hoof of the animal which is to be shod. Across the bottom of the shoe

page_text: thus made I form upon each half laterally a series of recesses, grooves,
or notches, parallel or nearly so, and arranged in the following manner :
-I draw a straight centre line through the centre of the shoe (in plan),
and I make the notches, recesses, or grooves inclining forward so that
the sides or edges of all of them form similar angles with the centre line
described. I prefer that this angle should be about forty-five degrees,
but it may be made more or less to suit varying circumstances.
Sometimes I make the recesses or grooves incline backward instead of
forward. The grooves or recesses may have rectangular corners or sides,
or they may be made either narrower or wider at the bottom than at :
the top.
I make or forge an angular groove or recess round the edge of the
bottom, in which recess the holes for the nails are made, and I prefer to
make this groove (or "fullering") curved at the toe of the shoc, with a
curvature the reverse of that of the shoe and having the vertical edge of
the groove at the front of the shoc, and the foothold of the horse or
other animal is thus considerably increased.
The accompanying Drawing is in illustration of my Invention.
Figure 1 is a plan from beneath, and Figure 6 a transverse section of
a horse-shoe constructed according to my Invention.
a is the bar of which the shoe is made; b, c, (Figure 1) is a centre
lino dividing the shoe into two equal parts; d, d, d, d, are grooves (three
of which are shewn on each side, but which may be more or less in
number) cut across the face of the shoe and having their sides forming
angles of 45° with the centre line b, c,
Figure 2 is a side view of the shoe, d, d, d, being the ends of the
grooves, the edges of which are shewn rectangular; e is the groove or
66
fullering" round the face of the shoe, within which the heads of the
nails at ƒ, ƒ, f, ƒ, lie; g is a curved groove at the toe of the shoe (shewn
in section at Figure 3). The grooves d, d, d, d, are shewn rectangular
in cross section, but they may be made wider or narrower at the bottom
(as shown in Figures 4 and 5).
Shoes constructed according to my Invention resemble in their grip
upon the ground and resistance to slipping the wheels of that form of
*traction" engine in which diagonal grooves or recesses are formed
across the face of the tires of the driving wheels.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Jordan Aris in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JORDAN ARIS, of 20, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Jordan Aris, Her special
licence that I, the said John Jordan Aris, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Jordan Aris,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE-SHOES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Jordan Aris, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jordan Aris, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to
|say) :—
My Invention has for its object improved methods of constructing
shoes used for shoeing horses or other hoofed animals in such manner
and of such shape that a more secure foothold upon smooth or slippery
ground is afforded to animals so shod, whilst the chance of slipping or
falling is greatly lessened in comparison with animals shod in the
manner ordinarily used and practised,

page_text: For the purpose of carrying my Invention into operation I take a bar
or plate of iron or other suitable metal which I bend, forge, or stamp
into the well known shape of a shoe to fit the hoof of the animal which
is to be shod, and across the bottom of the shoe thus made I form upon
each half of it laterally a series of recesses, grooves, or notches parallel
or nearly parallel to each other, and arranged in the following manner :
-An imaginary centre line being drawn through the centre of the shoe
(in plan) from toe to heel I make the notches, recesses, or grooves in a
position inclining forward so that the sides or edges of all of them form
the same angle with the centre line described. I prefer that this angle
should be forty-five degrees, but it may be made more or less to suit
varying circumstances.
I sometimes make the notches, recesses, or grooves in a position
inclining backward instead of forward, as first described, and they may
either have rectangular corners or sides (when seen in end view), or they
may be made either narrower or wider at the bottom of their depth than
at the top, and they may also be made either of a width parallel in their
length or narrower or wider at their inner or outer ends, or of varying
width as may be found desirable under different circumstances.
"
I make or forge an angular groove or recess or fullering" round the
edge of the bottom of the shoe, in which " fullering" the holes for the
nails are made in the usual way, and I prefer to make this "fullering"
curved at the toe of the shoe with a curvature the reverse of that of the
shoe itself, and having the vertical edge at the front of the shoe, and
the foothold of the horse or other animal is thus considerably increased, 2
especially in ascending hills.
The accompanying Drawing is in illustration of my Invention

page_text: a is the bar of which the shoe is made; b, c, (Figure 1) is a centre
line dividing the shoe into two equal parts; d, d, d, d, are grooves across
the face of the shoe (four of which are shewn on each side in Figure 1
and three on each side in Figure 7, but which may be more or less in
number). The sides of the grooves form angles of 45° with the centre
line b, c. e is the groove or 66
fullering" round the face of the shoe,
within which the holes for the nails are made at f. f. ff; g is the
curved angular groove at the toe of the shoe.
Shoes constructed according to my Invention resemble in their grip
upon the ground and in their resistance to slipping the wheels of that
form of "traction engine" in which diagonal grooves or recesses are
formed across the face of the tires of the driving wheels.
The different grooves, notches, and recesses may be formed by forging,
cutting, or pressing, or they may be rolled in the bars out of which the
shoes are made.
Having now described my Invention and the manner in which it is to
be performed, I claim the construction of shoes for shoeing horses or
other hoofed animals with grooves or recesses in their lower sides,
arranged substantially in the manner and for the purpose described and
shewn in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Jordan Aris, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
JOHN JORDAN ARIS. (L.S.)