Improvements in Smoke-consuming Boiler and other Furnaces.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1892-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Smoke-consuming Boiler and other Furnaces.
I CARL WILHELM STAUSS, of 50, Haidestrasse, Berlin, Germany, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the smoke-consuming arrangements in boiler and other
furnaces and is also adaptable for heating apparatuses.
The novelty of this invention lies in the application of an air-heating apparatus
of peculiar construction which is placed behind the grate and firebridge and through
which the smoke and hot air from the furnace is made to pass in order to ensure the
combustion of the unconsumed gases.
In carrying my invention into practice I provide a number of airheating plates,
an airbox, a top plate made of firebrick or other suitable material, a wrought iron
securing bolt, and a circular air-passage in which is a door with apparatus for
working the same.
The airbox stands upon firebrick, or a support of other suitable material and the
height is arranged so as not to elevate the firebrick or other top plates, above the
bridge.
When adjusted the two parts of the airbox are so screwed together that the front
part is turned to the opening of the air passage which is introduced into the former
for a depth of about 2 c.m. The other end of the latter is cut off by the front of
the firebridge.
On the airbox I place the heating plates which are arranged in pairs in a vertical
position and have in their middle a narrow passage through which the gases pass
from the airbox. Between these pairs of plates is a larger passage, which is in
direct communication with the furnace and through which the heat passes that
warms the air ascending through the narrower passages from the airbox.
whole is held firmly together by means of suitable bars or bolts.
The
The passage of the air through the passages above the airbox, causes the air
behind the bridge to become thin, whereby the flames are drawn over and would
thereby soon destroy the apparatus. To prevent this a wall of firebrick is placed
between the heating plates and the furnace.
This wall may be supported by a bracket to resist the great strain put
upon it.
To still protect the heating plates from the flames of the furnace, the top plates
are placed over them.
These plates lie over-lapping one another and are provided with suitable
apertures, protected from direct contact with the flames to allow the smoke and
unburnt gases from the heating plates to pass through them into the furnace.
The uppermost corner nearest the furnace is also protected by ribs of suitable
fireproof material to prevent the flames passing over the beforementioned protecting
wall and under the top plate and so entering the heating plates.
The door of the circular air-passage may be arranged to open
or shut
automatically, so that when the furnace door is opened to put coal on the fire, the
said back door is also opened wide. Then in proportion as the coal and smoke are
consumed, the door gradually closes.
The mechanism of this door can be arranged in many different ways, as desirable
or convenient.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1892.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Smoke-consuming Boiler and other Furnaces.
1 CARL WILHELM STAUSS, of 50, Haidestrasse, Berlin, Germany, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new or improved smoke consuming furnace for tubular
and other steam boilers as well as for other heating purposes.
The essential feature of the new arrangement consists in the use of an air heating
apparatus of peculiar construction which is built behind the grate and behind the
fire bridge of the furnace for the purpose of supplying the smoke and gases with an
additional mass of air, so that the yet unburnt constituent parts of the coal may be
fully consumed.
I shall now describe my invention as applied to a tubular steam boiler. The
apparatus which is chiefly made of cast iron consists of 1. the air heating plates a
(Figs. 1, 2, 4,); 2. the air chest forined in two parts (Figs. 1, 2, 4,); 3. the
cover plates c of refractory material (Figs. 1, 2, 4,). 4. the wrought iron rod d
(Figs. 1, 2, 4,). 5. the air supply pipe e provided with a clack valve and
mechanism for moving the same (Figs. 1 to 5); 6. the trellis plate h with
protecting wall Fig. 2.
After the grate and the fire bridge are put in their place, the bottom of the flue
is levelled in one place as shown at in the drawings by means of bricks, stones
or concrete formed of slags and loam, so as to form a bed for the air chest b. The
height of this bed should be such that the fire clay cover plate c Fig. 2 may not
be higher than the fire bridge. The two parts of the air chest b are placed on the
bed and screwed up together in such a manner that the front wall provided with an
opening for the air pipe e should be opposite the fire bridge y, the said air pipe being
inserted in the said opening a distance of two centimetres or thereabouts. The
front end of the pipe should be perpendicular to the front surface of the fire
bridge g. Upon the air chest are placed the heating plates a which are provided
with ledges af and ribs a² and are arranged together in parallel couples, each pair
forming a small air passage a³ about three millimetres in width and opened only at
the top and at the bottom, while there are intervals of about 15 millimetres between
each two adjacent pair of plates through which only the heating gases can pass.
The air chest is closed at the top in such a manner as to communicate with the
air passage a only.
All the plates are fixed together by the four bolts d thus forming a rigid whole.
The draught from the chimney causes a vacuum in the space behind the fire
bridge, and hence the heat spreads therein being moreover powerfully urged
downwardly and outwardly in such a manner as to acquire an intensity which would
act injuriously on the apparatus. To prevent such an action however, a protecting
wall (Fig. 2) built in front of the air heating apparatus and consisting of
refractory material, extends above the trellis plate h, the width and height of this
wall being such as to fully cover the front wall of this apparatus. The interval
between the apparatus and the protecting wall measuring about ten centimetres has
for its object to allow the bot gases to enter in front through the intervals between
the pairs of plates in order to heat the latter. The space between the fire bridge
and the protecting wall serves to receive any clinkers or incandescent pieces of coal
which may have fallen over the bridge.
The protection against the action of the fire must be still further extended that is
to say as far as the upper edges of the air heating plates a. This is effected by the
cover plates c which bear by their longitudinal edges one upon the other and are so
laid that openings are formed between each two plates for the exit of air. Each
cover plate consists of two, three or more parts laid one upon the other.
The vertical edges of the plates a are provided below the upper notches a² in

page_text: which the bolts are placed with adjacent projections forming a ledge broken by
the intervals between the pairs of plates and having for its object to carry a lining
of fire clay or loam mortar which protects the upper part of the apparatus and is
inserted through the intervals between the plate couples as far as the ribs t. This
being done the fire bridge which is of any suitable thickness is walled in.
According to a modification of my invention shown in Fig. 4 the air heating
apparatus may be built directly behind the fire bridge g, the cover plates c being
dispensed with. A plate k is provided to prevent any clinkers from gaining access
to the space between the fire bridge and the air-heating apparatus.
•
In the mouth of the air pipe e is placed the butterfly valve f which can be
provided with special mechanism operating in such a manner that when the grate is
loaded with coals, the valve is opened, while it is automatically and gradually closed
during the progress of the combustion the inflow of air being no longer required
when the layer of coals burn down as the grate supplies them a sufficient amount of
air to ensure a smokeless combustion. The mechanism consists in this case
(Fig. 3) of a cylinder / containing a float which sinks by its own weight and
becomes immersed in the glycerine poured in the cylinder . The float is
connected by the chain m to the lever n fulcrummed on the axis f¹. This axis
transmits by means of the bevil gearing o a motion to the butterfly valve f. The
lid or cover of the float contains a slotted screw P. (Fig. 5) which allows an
adjustable quantity of air to enter into or escape from the said float 1. After the
stoker has reloaded the furnace with coals and has closed the door, he depresses the
lever n with the handle n' and thus opens the butterfly valve f. The float
simultaneously raised by the chain m, air entering through the slot in the screw p.
Air likewise enters the pipe e and the air chest 6 passing through the small slots a³
in order to become heated by contact with the plates a and to be subsequently mixed
in such heated state and well distributed amongst the smoky gases which are ignited
and consumed. The weight of the float causes it to sink gradually while a
corresponding amount of air escapes through the slot of the screw p. This sinking
of the float causes the butterfly valve to be closed, the admission of air being no
longer necessary as soon as the fresh loaded coals have been freed of their gases.
This butterfly valve may be also in many cases operated by hand.
is
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performned, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In smokeless steam boilers and other furnaces, a heating apparatus built behind
the fire bridge consisting of a number of adjacent plates secured together and
connected with an air chest so as to provide passages for the air and fire gases
substantially as herein described and shown.
2. In smokeless steam boiler furnaces the covering of the air-heating apparatus
by means of fire clay plates for protecting the said apparatus from the injurious
action of the fire substantially as herein described and shown.
3. In smokeless steam boiler furnaces, a butterfly valve actuated by hand, or
automatically, and arranged in the tube pipe or conduit leading to the air chest for
the purpose of supplying the latter with air substantially as herein described and
shown.
Deted this 22nd day of November 1902.
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.