IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DETAILS OF SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Gardner, Successor to Messieurs Robertson
Brooman and Company of 166 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent
Agent for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DETAILS OF SEWING
MACHINES Communicated to him from abroad by Richard Mott Wanzer
of Hamilton, Ontario. Dominion of Canada
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Gardner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th August 1882.
HENRY GARDNER Successor to Messieurs Robertson Brooman and Company of
166 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
DETAILS OF SEWING MACHINES (Communicated to me from abroad by Richard
Mott Wanzer of Hamilton, Ontario in the Dominion of Canada)
"
The First part of the Invention relates to mechanism for improving the present
shuttle motion of sewing machines in such a manner that it will work easily with
very little noise or friction. It consists of a peculiar shaped eccentric, eccentric
box, and eccentric box case, placed on the upper shaft and connected by a vertical
and horizontal lever to the shuttle
The Second part of the Invention relates to mechanism for operating a four
motion feed and for deadening the sound of its action, also to devices for regulating
the stitches. It consists first, of a cam placed on the upper shaft, a vertical cam
rod being attached to it, terminated in a socket into which is made to play a ball
joint of a horizontal pivotted vibrating lever, its opposite end terminating in a ball
joint working in the socket of a plunger attached to the feed mechanism, said
plunger being cushioned with rubber, leather or equivalent material to deaden the
sound caused by the operation of the parts.
The Third part of the Invention relates to improved mechanism for spooling
bobbins, by which an upward pressure is given to the bobbin as it is being spooled
to effect an uniform tension and to enable the thread to be wound upon it firmly
and evenly by which each bobbin is capable of holding more thread, it also secures
rn

page_text: more accurate sewing. It consists of an upright post attached to the bed plate, the
base of which holds the bobbin, and the device to connect it with the driving
wheel. The upper part of said post has a swinging tension arm, a spring, and an
eyelet for the thread to pass through, and an auxiliary spring to hold down the
main tension spring under the bobbin when the said bobbin requires to be
removed.
The Fourth part of the Invention relates to an improvement in the throat plate,
which enables the slides now commonly used (and so liable to be lost) to be
dispensed with. This arrangement consists of a stationary throat piece, and a
pivotted swing plate, the former is secured to the machine with two screws and the
latter by one large heavy pivot screw.
The Fifth part of the Invention relates to an improved device to be attached to
the hand wheel for throwing the same in and out of gear, so as to run the bobbin
winder without running the other working parts of the machine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Gardner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th February
1883.
HENRY GARDNER, Successor to Messieurs Robertson, Brooman and Company, of
166 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent Agent IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
DETAILS OF SEWING MACHINES (Communicated to me from abroad by Richard
Mott Wanzer of Hamilton, Ontario, Dominion of Canada)
The first part of the Invention relates to mechanism for improving the present
shuttle motion of sewing machines in such a manner that it will work easily with
very little noise or friction. It consists of a peculiar shaped eccentric, eccentric
box, and eccentric box case placed on the upper shaft and connected by a vertical
and horizontal lever to the shuttle.
The second part of the Invention relates to mechanism for operating a four
motion feed and for deadening the sound of its action, also to devices for regulating
the stitches. It consists first of a cam placed on the upper shaft, a vertical cam
rod being attached to it, terminated in a socket into which is made to play a ball
joint of a horizontal pivotted vibrating lever, its opposite end terminating in a ball
joint working in the socket of a plunger attached to the feed mechanism, said
plunger being cushioned with rubber, leather or equivalent material to deaden the
sound caused by the operation of the parts.
The third part of the invention relates to improved mechanism for spooling
bobbins, by which an upward pressure is given to the bobbin as it is being spooled
to effect an uniform tension and to enable the thread to be wound upon it firmly
and evenly by which each bobbin is capable of holding more thread; it also secures
more accurate sewing. It consists of an upright post attached to the bed plate, the
base of which holds the bobbin and the device to connect it with the driving
wheel. The upper part of said post has a swinging tension arm, a spring, and
an eyelet for the thread to pass through and an auxiliary spring to hold down
the main tension spring under the bobbin when the said bobbin requires to be
removed.
The fourth part of the invention relates to an improvement in the throat plate
which enables the slides now commonly used (and so liable to be lost) to be
dispensed with. This improvement consists of a stationary throat piece and a
pivotted swing plate, the former is secured to the machine with two screws and the
latter by one large heavy pivot screw.
The fifth part of the Invention relates to an improved device to be attached to
the hand wheel for throwing the same in and out of gear so as to run the bobbin
winder without running the other working parts of the machine.
By reference to the drawings forming part of this specification, it will be seen
that A Figure 1 is the arm of the machine, B is the upper driving shaft, C an
upright rocking shaft provided at its upper end with an enlargement which is made
to fit in the lower end of the eccentric box case D and held thereto by a pin E
passing through the case D. The said rod C passes through a bearing c attached to
the machine as shown at Figure 1 and passed down through the cloth plate into
and connected with the end of the curved shuttle arm or carrier I which carries the
shuttle F at the opposite end, an adjustable shuttle holder y being secured by a
screw Z to the shuttle arm I as shown. The said arm is curved to clear the pivotted
lug of the feed connecting lever, and it moves the shuttle back and forth in the
curved shuttle race a.
The shuttle arm I is operated back and forth by means of the mechanism herein-

page_text: after described; that is to say, inside of the case D is fitted a box H which is cut
longitudinally down through the centre a top view of which is seen at Figure 17,
and inside of said box is placed an eccentric G which is so formed by a shaft
opening a drilled diagonally through it the size of the shaft B, which passes
through it as shown by dotted lines f Figure 1.
The said eccentric G is provided with a collar K at one end, and a collar and
hub. V on the other to keep it in its place in the box H which is made in two halves
for the purpose of allowing means for an operator to take up the slack wear of the
eccentric which can be done by a screw I passing through the raised top sides of
the case D. By tightening said screw the halved sides of the said eccentric box
would be pressed closer together and take up the wear of said eccentric enclosed
within it.
The operation of the said device is as follows:-Motion is given to the shaft B,
thence to the eccentric G which in turn gives motion to the upright rocking shaft
C and thence a horizontal movement to the arm I which carries the shuttle and
causes it to move easily back and forth in the operation of the machine with little
or no noise.
The feed and regulating stitch device may be described as follows:-M is a four
motion feed cam placed on the shaft B in the rear of the eccentric box case D for
operating the feed. N is an upright cam rod "passing down between the vertical
portion of the arm of the machine and the bearing O and having a groove 9 cut in
it in which slides a block 8 fastened on the pivot screw 7, the lower part of the rod
being connected with a ball and socket joint P to the connecting feed lever Q
which swings horizontally on the pivotted projection R. The opposite end of the
said lever Q is formed with a ball joint and is connected to a socket block t
which is connected to a feed bracket the same being adjustably secured to the
feed bar S by means of a screw r. On one side of the said bracket is constructed
a hollow cylindrical projections and placed therein is a cushion
of india rubber,
leather, raw hide, or equivalent substance, and on the socket t (being part of it)
is a cylindrical plunger to work in the projections of the bracket and on account
of the cushion the noise of the operation of the feed is lessened.
The feed is operated as follows: The cam M on the shaft B is operated by the
shaft so as to give the feed four motions through the cam rod N and lever Q, viz:
a forward, down, back, and upward movement timed with the needle bar.
n is a thumb wheel pivotted to the lug m on the underside of the cloth plate and
between and between said wheel and the lug is a leather cam i, and attached to
the feed bar S is a pin p as shown at Figure 2. By turning the wheel n until the
cam impinges on the pin p the length of the stitch is regulated. is a spring secured
to the feed bar S by screw k to press the feed bar back.
The bobbin mechanism may be described as follows:-a' is a spooler frame,
consisting of a post a³ and a bed containing lugs to hold the bobbin; at the bottom
and top of the post are projecting lugs cc through which passes a vertical spindle
6 which extends far enough above the top one to pivot a swinging tension arm d
that carries the thread to the bobbin. The rear part of the said arm d is constructed
to fit the corresponding lug of the post a³ and is provided with a projection h which
fits under the top lug c to prevent the said arm from getting out of place. A
tension spring c is secured to the arm d by a pin j behind which the thread passes
to give it the proper tension to wind the thread on the bobbin. f¹ is an eyelet
affixed to the top of the arm d for the thread to pass through before reaching the
spring e. g is a spring pad fastened to the spooler frame by a pin which passes
through the frame and holds it at both sides which gives a requisite upward
pressure to the bobbin in the act of spooling. i is the bobbin placed in the frame
as shown at Figure 8 and in spooling it the thread passes from the spool to the
eyelet f, thence behind the spring e on the end of the arm d and then to the
bobbin i.
When the bobbin is required to be removed or placed in position, no spring

page_text: pressure is needed under it and a spring is placed on the post a³ as shown at
Figures 8 and 9; its lower end is notched forming a shoulder on each side of it, so
that when the tension spring g is pressed down from the bobbin the said spring
springs outwards and the notched edges of it catches on the spring g and holds it
down, which makes it more convenient to place and remove the bobbin.
The spooler is driven by means of a pulley k¹ on the end of the frame and a belt
passing over it and the drive wheel, or for a hand machine a small pinion may be
placed on the frame in lieu of the pulley and made to mesh into the gear of the
driving wheel in the act of spooling the bobbin,
Figure 11 shows the improved throat plate, T being the stationary portion
secured to the cloth plate by screws m¹ m¹ and U being the movable part hinged
to the cloth plate by a large screw W and made to fit the other part T neatly
when closed so as to leave no opening; the dotted lines represent its position when
open to place or remove the shuttle. It is opened by simply placing the thumb
nail in the notch n¹ and pushing to the left.
The device for throwing in and out of gear the hand wheel W₁ may be described
as follows:-The said wheel is provided with a projecting hub all the outer end of
which is provided with a recess b¹ leaving a rim round it across the face of which
is cut a square shaped notch c²; the end of the shaft 8 is tapped to receive a
hollow screw e' which has a notch ell cut across its head as shown at Figure 6.
Figure 4 shows a device for attaching to the said screw; consisting of a
spindle f, a disc g', a projecting dog h¹ across its face, and a circular head h¹¹ to
turn the device. The spindle f" is inserted in the hollow screw e¹ as shown at
Figure 5 and a spiral spring r¹ made to surround the spindle f" and secured with
a pin, the spring presses against the screw outwards and draws the dog h¹ into the
notch ell of the screw head when they are parallel. The shaft s¹ which carries the
wheel W is drilled in from the outer end and screw threaded so that the screw e¹
may be screwed therein as shown at Figure 7.
When the wheel is required to run loose on the shaft to spool the bobbin, all that
is necessary to do is to pull out the dog h¹ from the notch c" in the hub and turn
it across at right angles, when the said wheel W¹ will run loose on the shaft and
the needle bar and feed mechanism at rest
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-
First-In a sewing machine, of the parts for operating the shuttle, consisting
of the eccentric G on the shaft B, the same being provided with collars K K,
a hub V, and enclosed in an eccentric box H in two halves, and the eccentric and
box enclosed on the sides in an outer casing D, and attaching the vertical spindle
at the top to the same by a pivot pin E and at the bottom to the horizontal shuttle
arm I, and taking up the wear of the eccentric G by the screw F¹ substantially as,
and for the purpose specified.
Secondly In a sewing machine, the combination of the cam M on the shaft B,
the cam rod N, the feed lever Q and feed bar S, for operating the feed mechanism,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Thirdly In a sewing machine in combination with the feed lever Q, of the
bracket u, also the same provided with hollow projection 8, packing q, plunger t
attached to end of said lever working in said hollow projections to deaden
the sound of the feed, as set forth.
Fourthly-In a sewing machine, of the bobbin post as, the same provided with
lugs cc, the swinging tension arm d, spring e, the same being hinged to the post by
spindle rod b, and the post also provided with an auxiliary spring i to depress the
spring 9 when so desired, and a lugh to keep the arm in place, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
:
Fifthly In combination with a sewing machine, of the throat plate in two parts,
the one T being stationary and the other U movably pivotted to the machine
substantially as set forth.

page_text: :
Sixthly In a sewing machine, of the device for throwing the hand wheel W
in and out of gear, consisting of the recessed hub a¹¹, of the wheel W¹ having
notches c¹ cut in it, the hollow threaded screw e¹, the same provided with a notch e¹,
the spindle f passing through the same, the spring 1 surrounding the spindle,
the dog h' made to catch and work in and out of the notches c¹¹ of the hub a¹¹¹,
and e of the screw head e¹, the latter having its threaded portion screwed into
the hollow screw threaded shaft s¹ as shown at Figure 7, substantially as and for
the purpose specified.
In witness whereof I the said Henry Gardner have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord; One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.