IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS & ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR FILTERING WATER & OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, GEORGE WEDDELL 20 West Grainger Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Chemist do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
& ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR FILTERING WATER & OTHER FLUIDS to be
as follows:-.
The subject of this invention consists in improvements in apparatus and arrange-
ment of apparatus, for filtering water and other fluids, by means of which the
filtration may be efficiently and economically performed, and the filtering medium
or media be easily and frequently renewed.
The receptacle for unfiltered and filtered water may be composed of glass,
earthenware wood, enamelled or galvanized metal, or other suitable material, and
may either consist of one complete vessel, suitably divided into compartments, or
of several parts conveniently adjusted.
The receptacle may be varied in form according to the material of which it is
composed the quantity of water, or other fluid, required to be filtered, or the special
convenience of position.
There shall be at the bottom of the receptacle for unfiltered water or other fluid,
when the apparatus shall be in several parts, or at the point of division, when the
apparatus is composed of one vessel, a compartment designed to contain the filtering
medium or media having the following construction: namely: The said compart-
ment shall be either separate from or permanently joined to the receptacle for
unfiltered water or other fluid, but in the former case a jointure shall be made, by
means of india-rubber, cement, or other means to prevent unfiltered water, or other
fluid, froin passing into the lower receptacle, without having first passed through
the filtering medium or media.
The compartment for containing the filtering medium or media, may be at its
lower part, either (A) entirely open, with an outer rim or groove, or in preference
it may be perforated in one (B) or more places (C), to allow the filtered water or
other fluid to pass into the lower receptacle or compartment.
In the former case (A) the open end may be covered with strong porous paper,
or with felt, asbestos cloth, or any textile fabric, not readily affected or disintegrated
by the action of water, or other fluid being filtered, and the said covering shall
be securely fastened in position by a cord passed over it, and fitting above the
aforementioned rim, or into the aforementioned groove.

page_text: In the case (B), when the compartment for containing filtering medium or media
shall be perforated in one place, there may be at the bottom of the said compart-
ment a plate or disc composed of glass, porcelain, or other unoxydizable material,
slightly bollowed in the under surface, and having several perforations. But this
plate may be omitted in the case (C) when the aforementioned compartment shall
be perforated in several places, so as to allow the water or other fluid, to flow freely
away as it passes through the filtering medium or media.
Above this plate in the case (B), and above the perforated lower surface of the
compartment, in the case (C), may be placed a piece of strong porous paper, felt
asbestos cloth, or other textile fabric, of such shape, size, and texture, that it shall
almost, if not entirely, prevent the filtering medium or media from being washed
through the perforations, during the process of filtration.
"
Above the aforementioned porous paper, felt, or other material (as described
above), shall be deposited the filtering medium, which may consist of purified
Animal Charcoal" in fine powder, or in a granular form, or a mixture of both, or
it may consist of other substances or admixtures not herein defined. The filtering
medium or media, shall be in such quantity, and in such a state of division, that it
will arrest in an efficient manner the-impurities existing in the water, or other fluid
to be filtered.
Above the filtering medium or media, may be placed a second piece of strong
porous paper, felt or other material) (as described above), and over this, keeping it
in position, shall be placed a perforated plate, more or less similar to that described
in case (B).
The aforementioned compartment constructed and adapted to contain the filtering
medium or media, and the plates and parts, or arrangement of parts of the filtering
apparatus, herein described, form the subject of the present "Patent,"
Dated thin Tighth den of Anvil TOOL
I GEORGE WEDDELL 20 West Grainger Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the
County of Newcastle, Chemist do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR
FILTERING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
The subject of this invention consists in improvements in apparatus and arrange-
ment of apparatus for filtering water or other fluids by means of which the
filtration may be efficiently and economically performed and the filtering medium
or media be easily and frequently renewed.
The receptacles for unfiltered and filtered water may be composed of glass,
earthenware wood, enamelled or galvanized metal or other suitable material, and

page_text: may either consist of one complete vessel, suitably divided into compartments, or
of several parts conveniently adjusted.
The receptacles may be varied in form according to the materials of which they
are composed the quantity of water or other liquid required to be filtered, or the
special convenience of position.
The particular part forming the subject of this invention is a compartment
designed to contain the "Filtering Medium,” and having the following construction,
position, and arrangement.
The said compartment shall be at the bottom of the receptacle for unfiltered
water or other fluid, when the apparatus shall be in several parts, or at the point
of division when the apparatus is composed of one vessel. It shall be either
separate from, or permanently joined to the receptacle for unfiltered water or other
fluid, but in the former case a jointure shall be made by means of india-rubber,
cement, solder, or other means, to prevent unfiltered water or other fluid from
passing into the lower receptacle, without having first passed through the filtering
inedium or media.
The compartment for containing the filtering medium or media may be at its
lower part either (A) entirely open with an outer rim or groove, or in preference
may be perforated in one (B) or more (C) places, to allow the filtered water or other
fluid to pass into the lower receptacle or compartment.
In the former case (A), the open end may be covered with strong porous paper,
or with felt, asbestos cloth, or any textile or other fabric not readily affected or
disintegrated by the action of water, or other fluid being filtered, and the said
covering shall be securely fastened in position by a cord passed over it and fitting
above the aforementioned rim or into the aforementioned groove.
In the case (B) when the compartment for containing filtering medium or media
shall be perforated in one place there may be placed at the bottom of the said
compartment, a plate or disc, composed of glass, porcelain, metal or any suitable
unoxydizable material, slightly hollowed in the under surface, and having several
perforations. But this plate may be omitted in the case (C) when the afore-
mentioned compartment shall be perforated in several places, so as to allow the
water or other fluid to flow freely away as it passes through the filtering medium
or media.
Above this plate in the case (B), and above the perforated lower surface of the
compartment in the case (C) may be placed a piece of strong porous paper, felt,
asbestos cloth, or any textile or other fabric of such shape, size, and texture that it
shall prevent the filtering medium or media from being washed through the
perforations during the process of filtration.
Above the aforementioned porous paper, felt or other material (as described
above) shall be deposited the filtering medium which may consist of purified
"Animal Charcoal" in fine powder, or in a granular form, or of successive layers of
fine powder and granular, or it may consist of other substances or admixtures not
herein defined. The filtering medium or media shall be in such quantity and in
such a state of division that it will arrest in an efficient manner the impurities
existing in the water or other liquid to be filtered.
Above the filtering medium or media may be placed a second piece of strong
porous paper, felt or other material (as described above) and over this, keeping it
in position shall be placed a perforated plate more or less similar to that described
in case B.
The perforated plate may if desired be firmly secured in position by having
projecting nobs near the top of the compartment, and by making incisions in the
edge of the perforated plate, at positions corresponding to the nobs. The plate may
then be fitted into top of the compartment and secured by turning its plain edge
under the nobs.
That my invention may be used in a portable form for convenience in travelling
or for the pocket the compartment for containing the filtering medium may be

page_text: •
constructed without any attached receptacle for unfiltered or filtered water and the
filtered water may be drawn away by means of an india rubber or other tube or
by any other appliance in common use.
I will now proceed to describe the annexed drawings:
Figure 1 represents a vertical section of a glass filter constructed and arranged
according to my invention.
R being the receptacle for unfiltered water, having the filtering compartment at
the bottom.
a. the bottom of the filtering compartment having one perforation.
b a porcelain plate upon which is placed (C) a piece of felt.
d&d form the filtering medium which consists of successive layers of powdered
and granular charcoal.
c¹ is another piece of felt.
61 is a plate of porcelain secured in positions by incisions on its outer edge which
fit into projecting nobs in the surface of the glass.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of another form of filter constructed and arranged
according to my invention: similar letters correspond to similar parts in this and
other figures.
Figure 3 represents a portable filter placed the reverse way into a separate
receptacle the water being drawn away by a syphon tube.
Figure 4 represents a filter having the position construction and arrangement,
according to my invention and applied to a cistern; d showing an additional layer
of filtering medium.
Having now described the nature of my said invention, and in what manner the
same is performed I would remark that I do not confine myself to the exact
methods and forms herein mentioned, but may employ other methods and forms
which retain the principal features of my invention. At the same time I lay no
claim to the parts and mechanical appliances already in common use in filters but
what I claim is :
A filtering compartment constructed and adapted to contain the filtering medium,
having the position, parts and arrangement of parts substantially as herein before
described and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Weddell have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
Witness,
FRED. W. DENDY,
Solicitor & Notary Public,
Newcastle upon Tyne.
GEORGE WEDDELL.