IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT AIR MOTORS to be as follows:
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM SEDDON SUTHERLAND of Richmond House, Poplar Avenue, Sandon
Road, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT AIR MOTORS to be as
follows:-
"
The object is to provide a compact and efficient motor actuated by heated air
for giving motion to sewing machines and like apparatus requiring but small
power.
.
My invention consists essentially in the combination of a cold air pump
and working apparatus with air heating appliances of novel construction and
arrangement.
The cold air pump is of any usual construction and is actuated by excentric or
equivalent mechanism in the usual way. The working apparatus consists of a
cylinder provided with an inlet and exhaust passage and a piston coupled in any
usual manner to a driving shaft, a valve being provided as hereinafter set forth for
admitting air to and from the cylinder.
The heating appliances consist of a cylindrical chamber traversed from end to
end by tubes and divided internally by diaphragms into compartments communi-
cating one with the other by passages at alternate sides of the heater. The top
and bottom plates of the generator into which the tubes are secured are dished or
hollowed in order to prevent buckling by the heat. A pipe leads from the top of
the heater to the discharge side of the pump and an opening at the bottom leads
to a valve chamber in communication with the working cylinder. Beneath the
generator is disposed a suitable petroleum or oil lamp or furnace surrounded by a
glass hung from the bottom of the heater so that it may give light to the operater.
The valve to admit air from the heater into the working cylinder and allow the
exhaust from the said cylinder to pass into the furnace to support combustion is
fitted in the valve chamber above mentioned and is, actuated by any convenient
cam or like mechanism. The said valve is preferably cylindrical with a through
passage.
For conveniently controlling the speed of the motor when the operator is working
at a distance from it, a tube preferably flexible is connected to the inlet opening
into the cold air pump and on or near the end of this tube a regulating valve of
suitable construction is fixed.

page_text: I WILLIAM SEDDON SUTHERLAND of Cherry Street Birmingham in the County
of Warwick Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
The object is to provide a compact and efficient motor actuated by heated air
for giving motion to sewing machines and like apparatus requiring but small
power.
3
My invention consists essentially in the combination of a cold air pump and
working apparatus with air heating appliances of novel construction and
arrangement as hereinafter described with reference to drawings.
.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, and fig. 2 a horizontal section of a hot air motor
constructed under my invention. The cold air pump consists of a piston or
plunger a working in a cylinder b which latter is provided at the bottom with
suction and exhaust valves c c. The valve c opens upwards, is in direct communi-
cation with the atmosphere and is kept to its seat by gravity; the valve c¹ opens
downwards into the valve box d and is kept to its seat by a spring. Motion is
given to the piston or plunger through the connecting rod e coupled to the disc
crank on the main shaft g. This pump may be constructed in any convenient
manner and motion be given to it by means of excentric or other gear. h is the
cylinder of the working or power transmitting part of the apparatus.
The said
cylinder is provided at the bottom with an inlet and exhaust passage i having a
port which opens into the valve chamber j*. Within the cylinder h is a piston
or plunger which is coupled by the connecting rod k to the disc crank on the
main shaft g and on which are a fly wheel m and driving pulleys. n is a cylindrical
chamber which contains the heating appliances and carries at its upper end the
bearings for the mainshaft g whilst its lower end is supported by the bed plate and
furnace chamber o. The chamber is traversed from end to end by tubes p and
is divided internally by diaphragms q into compartments connected to each other by
passages at alternate sides-A pipe leads from the discharge side of the pump or
valve box d to the top compartment of the said chamber n-An opening s leads
from the bottom compartment of the said chamber into the valve chamber ;*.
A petroleum furnace or lamp of any convenient construction is placed within the
bed plate o beneath the air chamber and is surrounded by the glass cylinder T
which is hung from the bottom of the heating chamber. The exhaust way of valve
chamber opens within the glass cylinder T into a chimney u to the chamber j* is
a cylindrical valve V with a through or annular port W-The valve V receives
motion by means of the rod X actuated by the cam or excentric Y in the main
shaft g.
The action of the motor is as follows:-The products of combustion from the
furnace or lamp pass through the tubes p and escape by the chimney u. The air
in the heating chamber is thereby heated and expanded until it is forced past

page_text: i
the valve V when it is in the position shewn by the dotted lines, up
the passage
into the cylinder h where it acts on the piston or plunger K. and gives rotary motion
to the shaft g. The shaft g actuates the piston a and cold air is drawn into the
cylinder 6 past the valve c and is expelled past the valve c¹ through the pipe 7 into
the top compartment of the chamber n whence it gradually descends from compart-
ment to compartment until it passes past the valve V into the cylinder h. The
heated exhaust air from the cylinder h is expelled when the valve V is in the
position shown by the full lines down the passage i* into the space within the
glass cylinder T where it is used to support combustion in the furnace or lamp-
The lamp used for heating the air being surrounded by the glass cylinder gives
light to the person operating the sewing machine whilst at the same time it heats
the air and drives the motor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the saine is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. Air heating appliances for motive power engines constructed substantially
as herein set forth.
Second. The combination of the chamber n tubes p, diaphragms q with inlet and
outlet ways substantially as herein set forth.
Third. The combination of the pumping apparatus, beating appliances and
working apparatus substantially as herein set forth.
Fourth. The combination of the exhaust passage i port ; valve chamber jx
opening 8 and valve V substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The combination of the furnace chamber ○ with the glass cylinder T and
valve chamber j* opening therein with the tubes p leading to the chimney U.
Dated the 13th day of January 1886.
J. T. KING,
Per J. Johnson, Agent.