Improvements in or relating to Brakes for Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left 24th Oct. 1899-Anoented 18th Dec. 1899
Improvements in or relating to Brakes for Vehicles.
We, ALFRED STEVENS and WILLIAM STEPHEN PENNEY, both of St. Lawrence,
Ramsgate, Kent, Boat Builders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention consists of improvements in or relating to brakes for vehicles,
the object being to enable the brake to be so arranged as to be powerful enough
in its action, especially in regard to motor cars, to prevent what is uncommonly
known as "running away."
In carrying out our invention, we provide two pivoted brake surfaces, carried
upon suitable supports which are pivotally connected together at one of their
ends, the other ends of these supports are connected to two levers or rods which
are caused to approach or recede from one another as required, through the
medium of electro magnets, that is to say, the rods may carry cores surrounded
by coils so that upon the passage of a current through the coils, the levers or
rods are caused to approach one another and this action brings the braking blocks
into contact with the wheel axle or other required position. The relative position
of the braking surfaces may be so arranged as to be adjusted to grip or secure
the required surface equally upon which they engage.
Although I have described my invention as applied to brakes for motor cars,
I do not confine myself to the details as these may be varied according to the
requirements of the case in which the brake is to be employed.
Datadh 2011 Ja of Tul, 1800
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.
We, ALFRED STEVENS, Shipwright, and WILLIAM STEPHEN PENNEY, Boatbuilder,
both of St. Lawrence, Ramsgate, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: -
This invention consists of improvements in or relating to brakes for vehicles,
the object being to enable the brake to be so arranged as to be powerful enough
in its action, especially in regard to motor cars, to prevent what is commonly
known as running away.”
"

page_text: In carrying out our invention, we provide two pivoted brake surfaces, carried
upon suitable supports which are pivotally connected together at one of their
ends and other ends of these supports are connected to two levers or rods which
are caused to approach or recede from one another as required, through the
medium of electro magnets, that is to say, the rods may carry cores surrounded
by coils so that upon the passage of current through the coils, the levers or
rod are caused to approach one another and this action brings the braking blocks
into contact with the wheel axle or other required position. The relative position
of the braking surfaces may be so arranged as to be adjusted to grip or secure
the required surface equally upon which they engage.
Although we have described our invention as applied to brakes for motor cars,
we do not confine ourselves to the details as these may be varied according to
the requirements of the case in which the brake is to be employed.
For purposes of illustration we will now refer to the annexed drawings in
which:
Figure 1, is a plan view shewing construction of our brake.
Figure 2, side elevation of same.
Figure 3, plan view of modified arrangement.
a and b are two bars or rods carried in suitable bearings, these bars or rods
are caused to approach or recede from one another through the action or operation
of the electro magnets, and this operation is effected as follows:
care levers pivotally connected at d and through the medium of the bars e
to the rods or bars a and b. These levers c carry cores f which are adapted to
be drawn into or repulsed from the electro magnetic coils g according to the
direction in which the current may be passed through the coils. The approach
or receding of these levers operates the brake blocks in the following manner.
The brake blocks are carried in the supports which may be of any convenient
construction and arrangement, being pivotally carried at j. The ends of the
rods a&b engage in adjustable connections & attached to the supports i. The
brake blocks carried upon the supports i bear upon the surface which it is
required to apply the brake to, and this may conveniently be the nave of the
wheel, and we also find it convenient to employ grooves upon the naves in which
the brake blocks may engage.
the
Now it will be seen that by causing a current to pass through the coils
brake blocks h may be applied to or removed from the braking surfaces as
required, according to the direction in which the current is passed, and this change
of direction of the current may be effected by any convenient form of switch or
shunt.
Referring to Figure 3, in this case I employ the electro magnets 1, m and »; o
being the armatures which are attracted when the current is passed through the
electro magnets. Now this current is so arranged as to be controlled through
the medium of the switch box having the contact buttons q, r and s. The
source of current is indicated by the reference lines X Y, and this may be
obtained from the current driving the motor or other convenient source, a suitable
switch bar being employed when required and for regulating the strength of this
current as required. Now, it will be seen that upon pressing the button g the
current will pass through the electro magnet m as shewn by the circuit line,
and so cause the brake blocks to be applied with a force dependent upon the
relative distance between the blocks upon the bars a & b and the point at which
the force is exerted. In this way the wheel will be braked to a greater extent
than the wheel 1. The same applies to the contact or push pieces when operated.
In the case of the central electro-magnet this is operated through the central
push piece and when the current is caused to pass, it will tend to cause the
brake surfaces to bear equally upon the wheels or other desired surfaces upon
each side of the vehicle. The arrangement of the push piece is empirical as this
may be varied according to the circumstances under which the brake is used.

page_text: Of course it will be readily understood, that we do not confine ourselves to
the precise details of construction described, as there are other modifications
which might be made in the arrangement of the parts, without departing from
our invention. For instance, if desired we might employ a screwed rod, so
arranged as to be operated by any convenient mechanism for the purpose of
causing the rods or bars a & b, to approach or recede from one another when
required, and this screwed rod may be caused to rotate in the required direction
through any convenient form of mechanism operated by electrical agency.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In brakes for vehicles the combined construction and arrangement of the
various parts, substantially as described and illustrated herein and for the purpose
set forth.
2. In brakes for vehicles, two bars or rods carrying suitable guides and
operated through the medium of electrical power, such as the cores and coils
connected through the medium of levers to the rods or bars; ends of said rods
or bars being adjustably attached to supports or holders, pivotally carried at one
of their ends, and other ends being as aforesaid, adjustably attached to the rods
or bars, said supports or holders carrying brake blocks adapted to engage upon
the required surface for the purpose of braking the same, such as the nave of
the wheel, which may carry grooves for the reception of brake blocks, substantially
as described and illustrated herein and for the purpose set forth.
Dal 10441 Jaw of October 1800
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.