Year: 1895

page_text: I, CAMILLE JENATZY Junior, of 76 Rue Stephanie Brussels, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to motors for railways, tramways, omnibuses, velocipedes,
and vehicles of all kinds.
It unites economy with safety and the absence of all external outflow of steam or
odour.
It consists of a tubular boiler of rapid action with no joints exposed to the direct
action of the fire. This boiler consists of a series of double tubes one inside the
other with a space between each for the formation of steam. These tubes are
welded together at their extremities and are fitted with inlet ports for water and
outlets for steam and are exposed to the heat of the furnace both internally and
externally. Their surfaces may be corrugated or studded with projecting bosses
if desired. They are so formed as to afford a gradually increasing area for the
passage of the steam. It also comprises a triple expansion engine with a single
slide valve for the six ports of the cylinders, three of which are above and three
below the cylinders. The steam having first acted on a small piston, acts next on
a larger piston, aud thirdly on one still larger, and when thus reduced to a very low
pressure passes through the discharge pipe whence it is drawn by a suction pump
into the condenser, thus rendering impossible a large amount of condensation in the
engine, the same arrangement serving also for the final or quadruple expansion if
desired.
A tubular condenser enclosed in a case and consisting of double tubes with
annular spaces between said tubes, effects the condensation with rapidity, air being
drawn through the inner tubes and over the outer tubes by a fan, or water can be
employed, or both air and water if desired.
The condenser has two cylindrical receivers one at each end, one of which
receives the steam, the other collects the water, and both are in communication
with the annular spaces between the tubes. One of these may slide in and out if
desired.
I employ a special arrangement of excentric pulleys on the driving axle in lieu
of cranks, and these pulleys have wood or other suitable rims to prevent slipping
and avoid friction. The rims run on balls placed on the face of the pulleys.
I make use of a double action brake, operated by a hand lever which operates a
double end lever each end of which serves by means of links to draw up a brake
block. The blocks are attached to bars whose ends are pivotted to a boss which
travels on a vertical rod so as, to admit of easy adjustment. Springs above and
below hold the boss in position.
For vehicles not running on rails, I employ with my motor wheels with a
pneumatic tire, constructed as follows;
Over the usual pneumatic tube I place a cover of canvas the ends of which are
brought back to the metal tire and attached to two steel tubes lying on the rim.
Over the canvas I place a thick layer of rubber, and I secure the whole to the metal

page_text: Tim by means of side wedges of rubber or other suitable material, forming a cushion
when the tire
compressed.
Dated thie 10th dow of Anul 1905
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97 Newgate Street, E.C., Agent for Applicant.
An Improved Steam Motor.
I, CAMILLE JENATZY, Junior, of Rue Stephanie, Brussels in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention consists in an inexpensive steam-motor occupying little space,
revolving at a considerable velocity under high pressure, consuming very little fuel
and preserving great regularity in speed.
For this purpose I have combined a high-pressure generator of small size and
instantaneous vaporization with a triple expansion steam-motor the velocity of
which is regulated by the quantity of water introduced into the generator.
The generator, Figs. 1 and 2 is formed of annular tubes with variable section,
that is, increasing from the end where the water enters to that where the steam
issues. These tubes are formed of two iron or steel tubes A and B one within
the other the extremities of which are welded together. The exterior tube is
cylindrical inside and outside, the inner tube may be cylindrical inside, but on the
outside it is slightly conical, for instance so that its exterior diameter increases about
2 millimeters in each meter length.
Each of these tubes or double tubes forms an element of the generator; the
combustion gases heat both the inner surface of the inner tube and the outer surface
of the exterior tube and the water occupies the space between the exterior surface
of the inner tube and the inner surface of the exterior tube. This space has, as
said before, an annular section which increases from one extremity to the other.
The water enters at the end where the section is the smallest through a lateral hole
in the exterior tube, and the steam leaves at the other end through another opening
in the same tube.
By joining the corresponding similar openings to each other the elements may be
grouped in different ways. The drawings show one of the ways which has been
adopted. The entering and leaving openings D and E are flanged and screw-
threaded and the elements to be joined together two and two have their screw-
threads in contrary direction, that is, the one half of the elements of the generator
has in these two openings left handed threads, and the other half has right handed
threads. To join two elements, it is sufficient to screw into two openings D, one with
a right-handed thread the other with a left-handed thread, a tube D in the form
of a T, the cross head of which has also at one end a right-handed and at the
other a left-handed thread.
By turning this T-shaped tube the two elements are drawn together until they
press against the shank of the T-shaped tube.
The openings E are united by similar tubes E¹.
The shanks of the Ṭ tubes allow of uniting each pair of elements either to
other elements or to the water-feed pipes H, I, and to steam collectors F, L,
respectively..
These steam pipes and collectors may be of small size and so also of small
diameter, because no great quantities of water or of steam are reserved; the
generator vaporizing continuously the quantity of water it receives and the steam
being superheated, priming is not to be feared.

page_text: Figs. 1 and 2 show a complete generator formed as described. The heating may
be performed in different ways, for example as in the drawing by guiding the
combustion gases directly to the interior and to the exterior of the elements placed
vertically upon the fire-box. For this method of heating, a thick cast-iron plate m
provided with holes is added under the elements and intended to burn, by their
contact with the red hot metal, the gases which perhaps would leave the grate
without having been completely burnt.
It is advisable to weld together the two tubes A and B which form the elements,
because the inequality of dilatation of these two tubes does not allow of obtaining
tightness with ordinary joints; but it results from such closing that the cleaning
of the elements is difficult. It is therefore necessary to work with pure water.
For this purpose I have thought it necessary to construct a steam-motor provided
with a condenser able to supply the boiler with distilled water.
The motor has three cylinders placed in tandem and is provided with a regulator
which causes the generator to be fed with the quantity of water necessary to
the work to be accomplished. It will be unnecessary to describe the details of
the known means which I use for this purpose such as the closed tank Q which
receives the water from the supplying pump through the valve S, and supplies
this water to the boiler by the simple effect of gravity through the regulator-valve R,
operated by the bar R of the regulator of the machine. The motor, has three
double-acting cylinders having a cominon axis and only one slide-valve with rocking
movement for the steam distribution.
This slide-valve, the form of which may vary, may be constructed as shown in
Fig. 4 or in Fig. 44 on Sheet 2, a valve of cylindrical form oscillating in a chamber
provided with ports for the steam coming from the boiler and exhausting to the
condenser the steam leaving the third cylinder, whilst the slide-valve passes the,
steam leaving the first cylinder to the second and the steam leaving the second to
the third cylinder.
This valve V keyed on the shaft X oscillates in the sleeve of hard metal G under
the action of a crank and an eccentric-rod. Either form of this valve has
passages a, b, b, c, c, c. It has also hollows B, C, which communicate with the ports
and form intermediate reservoirs between the cylinders. Other cavities A, B, C¹,
serve for equilibriating the valve. The following description will serve for either
valve.
The steam enters through the pipe A the distribution box E at the end of the
valve V and passes to the other end through the groove A¹ which, occupies all
the length of the valve, and along the recesses which prolong the passages a, al
and which are equally made along the whole length of the valve, whilst the
cavities B, B, C, C¹, are closed at the ends of the valve and consequently do not
receive steam from the boiler. However the cavity may receive this steam
through a special opening D and passage Cs when the starting of the working of
the machine is to be facilitated, by causing the steam from the boiler to act both in
the first and in the third cylinder.
It is immediately seen, that when either valve is in the position shown in Fig. 4
the steam passes from the hollow a into the duct ending at the back of the first
cylinder. At the same time the front duct of this cylinder is in communication by
the cavity B and the passages b, b' with the back of the second cylinder, whilst the
front of the second cylinder is in communication by the passages c, cl, and by the
cavity C with the back of the third cylinder. At the same time the front of
the third cylinder is in communication by the passage h with the exhaust
passage H. In the other extreme position of either valve (as shown in Fig. 44)
the communication will be changed, that is to say, what has been just said as regards
the front parts of the cylinders will happen for the back parts and reciprocally.
The cavities A, B, C, serve to equilibriate the valve. The surface of the
cavity A', in contact with the heater flue G is calculated so that the steam
pressure which presses the bottom of this cavity towards the axis X is equal to
the diametrically opposite resultant of the pressures operating at a, a', and the

page_text: cavity B¹ compensates the passages b, 61, 6 the cavities B and B' communicate by
the small ducts . For the opening its section will be determined in the same
manner with regard to the passages c, c', c¹¹, considering also the difference between
the interior and exterior pressures at h.
To avoid with more certainty loss through escape past the valve, there may be
cut out of the latter a small slide I, L, I, L'. The form of this slide as fitted to
the valve shown in Fig. 4 is shown in Fig. 4. It may also be pressed by a spring
like the usual slides and will always take a position exactly upon the ports of the
third cylinder, so that if, in consequence of wear of the valve, the latter allows a
little steam to pass between and from the first and the second cylinders, this steam
would be used in the third cylinder. The three cylinders may be steam-jacketted
as at R.
We have already said that in order to prevent the incrustation of the boiler, it
is necessary to use pure water and for this purpose to condense the exhaust steam
in a condenser able to supply the boiler with distilled water. For this purpose a
special condenser which may be cooled by air or by water, is shown on Sheet 3.
It is formed by two vessels H, H', which are both enclosed in a case M and have
their remote sides joined by a number of tubes C and the nearer sides by a number
of tubes D surrounding the tubes C. The steam arrives at A and passes into the
annular spaces between these tubes and to provide for the cooling necessary for the
condensation of the steam it is sufficient to blow or exhaust by means of a ventilator
a strong current of air into the interior of the tubes C and on the exterior of the
tubes D. The same effect would be obtained with a water current.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. A steam-generator for instantaneous vaporization, the tubular elements of
which are double tubes having their extremities welded together and presenting
between them as water and steam space a chamber of very small annular section
increasing from one end to the other of the double tube, the feeding of said boiler
being controlled by a steam engine such as hereinafter claimed.
2. A three-cylinder tandem engine the steam distribution of which is controlled
by one valve having cavities serving as intermedite reservoirs between the cylinders,
grooves to equilibriate the pressures towards the axis of the valve and a special
steam cock allowing of admittance of steam direct to the first and the third cylinder
at the same time for the purpose and substantially as described.
3. A condenser supplying the above boiler with distilled water and formed by
two vessels joined by a number of double tubes, the inner tubes lying within the
others and adapted so that the exhaust steam passes into the annular space between
the tubes, whilst a current of air or water passes both into the interior tubes and
around the exterior tubes.
Dated this 19th day of December 1905.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.