Improvement in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
Improvement in Type-writing Machines.
I, ALLISON TEMPLETON, of Galveston, in the County of Galveston, and State
of Texas, United States of America, Banker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which
form a part of this specification :-
This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in automatic type-
writing machines, and has for its object to so construct a typewriter and organize
its interdependent mechanisms as to cause their operations to be brought
about automatically and by a power outside of the operator, it being only
required that said operator lightly manipulate the keys to set the mechanism in
operation.
Another object of my invention is to save the time heretofore consumed in the
reverse movement of the carriage and in turning the paper roll to bring about the
lining by having these several movements accomplished automatically by
the depression of a single key.
Another object aimed at by my invention is to produce a differential spacing for
the accommodation of the letters of varying widths.
Another object of my invention is to accomplish the spacing between words by
the same movement of the same keys, which causes the striking of the type,
thereby saving at least one-fifth of the time now lost in bringing about this
spacing.
And a further object of my invention is to automatically and without care or
attention upon the part of the operator to so manipulate the feeding of the inking
ribbon as to cause the use of its entire surface, thereby obviating the necessity and.
saving the expense of frequently changing said ribbon.
With these ends in view, this invention consists in the details of construction
and combination of elements hereinafter set forth and then specifically designated
by the claims.
In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may
understand how to make and use the same, its construction and operation will now
be described in detail, referring to the accompanying drawing forming a part of
this specification, in which
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a machine built in accordance with my improvement;
Fig. 2, a section at the line v-v of Fig. 1, the bar pulley being in elevation;
Fig. 3, a longitudinal vertical section of the frame and key levers, the carriage
and ribbon feeding mechanism being in elevation ;
Fig. 4, an enlarged end view of the carriage;
Fig. 5, a cross section of the same, the paper roll being elevated to the position.
tilized in observing the last line written;
Fig. 6, an enlarged broken away longitudinal section of the feed screw for
operating the carriage;
Fig. 7, a section similar to Fig. 2, but looking in an opposite direction so as to
how the key mechanism for bringing about the reverse movement of the
arriage;

page_text: Fig. 8; a section at the line w-w of Fig. 7, looking in the direction of the
arrow;
Fig. 8 is a detail view of the clutch lever and its connection with the rock
shaft;
Fig. 9, a detail of a portion of the feed screw and the escapement mechanism for
bringing about the intermittent step-by-step movement of the carriage;
Fig. 10, a similar view showing the pawls of the escapement mechanism in a
different position ;
Fig. 11, an end view of this mechanism showing the spring actuated pawl in
alignment with the rigid päwl;
Fig. 12, a similar view showing the spring actuated pawl in its normal position
when a single width space is to be had and also illustrating. in dotted lines the
position assumed by this pawl when a double width space is to be had:
Fig. 13, a section at the line a-x of Fig. 12;
Fig. 14, a detail perspective of one end of a key lever showing the shoe in its
normal position relative to the incline surface before the lever has been forced
forward by the depression of its key;
Fig. 15, a vertical longitudinal section of Fig. 14, showing the connection
between the shoe and the lever and the springs for permitting the two-way
movement of said shoe;
Fig. 16 is a detail section, illustrating the means for bringing about the crosswise
movement of the ribbon' spools:
Fig. 17, a detail view of the clutch rod for connecting the power to the feed
screw to return the carriage to the right-hand side of the machine, and also showing
the pawl lever which is actuated by contact with the stop collar upon this rod to
revolve the paper roll in bringing about the lining;
Fig. 18, a detail of the ratchet mechanism for effecting the crosswise movement
of the ribbon spools, and
Figs. 19, 20, 21 and 22, diagrams illustrating the several positions assumed by a
key lever before and after a key is depressed.
In carrying out my invention I' provide a base 1, which may be of any approved
design, here shown as rectangular and arranged to support the frame or casing 2,
which in turn is adapted 'to contain and support the several operating parts of the
machine, and formed with or secured to this base is an extension 3, of a size and
shape adapted to accommodate the key-board. Within the rear portion of the
base is journaled a shaft 4, upon which is mounted a friction drum 5, arranged to
receive power from any suitable source, and a drive pulley 6 adapted to transmit
motion by the belt 7 to the feed mechanism upon the upper portion of the casing,
as hereinafter set forth.
A series of key-bars 8 are arranged horizontally within the base and extension,
so as to slide lengthwise and are held in place by a rod 9 passing through the
slots 10 formed in 'said levers, and are also held in their normally retracted
position by the springs 11, the outer ends of which are attached to the rod and
the inner ends to the levers, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, a suitable stop being
A series of
arranged to determine the normal elevated position of said levere.
right-angle levers 12 are pivoted at 13" within the extension 3 and correspond in
number to the number of key-bars, and are so arranged that the vertical member
of each of the levers fits within a suitable 'socket formed in these bars, so that
when the horizontal member of the lever is depressed; the bar will be forced
rearward against the action of its spring 11, as will be readily understood by
reference to Fig. 2, and in order that the right-angle levers may be operated,
the
stems 14 are pivoted thereto at 15, and extending upward pass through the
board 16 and are provided with the keys 17, each of which is designated by a
character upon its upper face corresponding to the type operated thereby.
The inner end of each of the 'key-bars is provided with a shoe 18.connected
thereto by the bifurcated slide 19, which embraces the end of the bar and
is held in place by the pin 20 st cured in the bar and passing through the slots 21

page_text: in the slide, and also by the block 22 projecting from the slide through the slot 23
in said bar, and coil springs 24 and 25 are.interposed between the ends of the last
named slot and the block 22, so as to hold the shoe in a normally central position
between the limits of its movements in either direction, and yet permit said shoe to
be forced to these limits when occasion requires. A curved incline plate 26 is
arranged in front of the friction drum 5 and has a ledge 27 thereon, which stands
in a horizontal plane, and in this plate is formed a slot 28 for each of the shoes
carried by the key-bars, and these slots are so located as to permit the downward
passage of said shoes therein, and have at their lower ends crosswise enlargements 29
for the freeing of the pins 30, which project from either side of the shoes. By this
arrangement it will be seen that when a key is struck and its bar forced rearward,
the shoe carried by the latter will come in contact with the friction drum, which is
designed to revolve at a high rate of speed in the direction of the arrow marked
thereon, and the friction between this drum and the shoe will draw the latter
downward, thereby carrying the pin 30 to the rear of the plate 26, which will
prevent the retraction of said shoe from out of contact with the roll, even though
the key immediately thereafter be released. When the shoe has been carried
downward to an extent to cause the pin 30 to register with the enlargement 29 of
the slot 28, said pin will be drawn through this enlargement by the action of the
spring 24, thereby freeing the shoe from contact with the drum and permitting
the bar to move upward until the pin 30 comes in contact with the under side of
the ledge 27, where, if the key has been held in its depressed position, the pin will
remain, thereby preventing the shoe from returning into contact with the friction
drum, which would bring about a further depression of the bar 8; but when the
key is released the spring 11 will draw its bar outward, permitting the pin 30 to
pass beyond the ledge 27, when the bar will be free to move upward to its normal
position.
The type-bars 31 are pivoted at 32 to a series of lugs projecting downward from
the under side of the top plate 33 of the casing and are arranged in a circle, so
that the type 34 upon each of the bars will be brought to the same position when
said bars are swung to substantially a horizontal position; and each of these bars
is connected to one of the key-bars 8 by a wire link 35, the upper end of which is
pivoted at 36 to an angular extension of the type-bar, and the lower end to a lug 37
formed upon the key-bar 8, so that when either of the key-bars is depressed, as just
described, a corresponding type-bar will be swung upward and its type thrust
against the under side of the platen roll 35, or the paper contained thereon,
after the manner of the operation of the type-bars in typewriters of ordinary
construction.
The platen roll 38 is journaled in the swinging frame 39, so as to revolve therein,
and upon the shaft to which the roll is secured are also secured thumb knobs 40, by
means of which the roll may be revolved by hand when occasion requires, and the
frame 39, in which this roll is journaled, is pivoted at 41 to the carriage proper 42,
which latter is provided with the guide rolls 43 and 44 adapted to travel upon the
guide rods 45 and 46 respectively, the former being two in number and adapted to
travel upon the top of the rod 45, while the latter is arranged to travel upon the
under side of the rod 46, and in order that the roll 44 may not be forced downward
from out of contact with the rod 46, a clip 47 is secured to the carriage and projects
over the top of the rod. Beneath the carriage is journaled the feed screw 48 upon
a stationary shaft 49 set in the bearings 53 which project upward from the surface
of the top plate of the casing, and this screw consists of a cylinder having a groove 50
formed therein. upon a steep pitch, and a lug 51, formed upon the under side of the
cross-bar 52 of the carriage, projects into engagement with this groove, so that
when the cylinder is revolved in either direction, the carriage will be caused to
travel crosswise of the machine from right to left or vice versa, as the case may be ;
and these movements of this cylinder are effected in the following manner:
The feed cylinder is hollow and has located therein the spring 54, which is
coiled about the stationary shaft 49, having one of its ends-attached thereto at 55,

page_text: and the other to the cylinder at 56, so that when the cylinder is revolved in the
direction of the arrow marked thereon, the spring 54 will be wound, after which
its tension will be exerted to revolve the roll in the opposite direction, when the
escapement, which will be hereinafter described, permits said revolving. Clutch
teeth 57 are formed upon one end of the feed screw cylinder and adapted to be
engaged by corresponding teeth 58 formed upon the movable member 59 of the
clutch, which is adapted to slide upon the shank of the grooved pulley 60, and to
receive its rotary motion therefrom, said pulley being connected by the belt 7 to
the drive pulley 6, so that when these teeth are brought into engagement, the
power transmitted through the belt will revolve the feed screw cylinder in the
direction of the arrow marked thereon, thereby not only winding the spring 51, but
also moving the carriage to the right to bring it to the position for starting a new
line; and to place the operations of the clutch under the control of the operator of
the machine, a key lever 61 is arranged in front of the extension 3 and is secured
to the rock shaft 62, upon which is also secured the arm 63, and this arm in turn
is connected with the clutch lever 64 by a pin 65, projecting from the arm 63 into
a slot 66 in said lever. The lever 64 is secured upon the shaft 67 journaled in the
brackets 68, and the upper end of this lever is bifurcated and engages with the
annular groove 69 formed in the movable member 59 of the clutch, so that when
the key lever 61 is depressed, the clutch lever 64 will be caused to force this
member into engagement with the teeth 67 of the feed screw cylinder, thereby
causing the latter to revolve, as before described, and when the key lever 61 is
released and permitted to move upward by the action of a suitable spring, the
teeth 57 and 58 will be disengaged and the revolving of the feed screw cylinder
stopped.
To prevent the straining of the operating mechanisms of the machine it is
desirable that the teeth 57 and 58 shall be disengaged automatically when the
carriage has reached the limit of its right-hand movement, which is accomplished
by the pivoting at 70 of the lever 71 and providing the latter with a shoe adapted
to fit within the groove 69 of the clutch 59, and extending said lever forward
within the field of action of the lug 72 projecting from the buffer-rod 73 arranged
to slide within the bearings 74 and 75, this rod being held in the position shown in
Figs. 1 and 17 by the coil spring 76 interposed between the bearings 75 and the
collar 77. As the carriage moves to the right and comes in contact with the
marginal stop-block 78, the spring 76 will be compressed by the longitudinal
movement of the buffer-rod, and this movement will also bring the lug 72 into
contact with the lever 71, which will disengage the teeth 57 and 58 by returning
the movable member 59 to its normal position, which will also restore the key
lever 61 to its normal position, and should the finger of the operator be upon this
key at the time of its restoration, the operator will be thereby made aware of the
fact that the carriage has reached the limit of its movement.
Upon the opposite end of the feed screw cylinder from that on which the teeth 57
are formed are a series of teeth 79, with which mesh the teeth of the clutch 80,
and these teeth are held in engagement by the coil spring 81, the object of which
is to prevent the retrograde movement of the feed screw so long as the clutch is
prevented from revolving upon the stationary shaft 49, and this is effected by the
escapement mechanism, consisting of the ratchet wheel 82, to whose shank is
splined the clutch 80, the rigid pawl 83 and the pivot pawl 84. The paw! 83 is
formed with or secured to the escapement lever 85, and this lever is pivoted
between the ears 86 formed upon the bracket 87 by the pin 88 and is held normally
in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 82 by the spring 89, which is
coiled about the pin, having one of its ends attached to one of the ears 86, and its
opposite end attached to the escapement lever, and this arrangement permits of
the moving of the pawl 83 sidewise out of engagement with the teeth of the
ratchet when the lever is drawn downward, as will be hereinafter set forth.
The pawl 84 is pivoted by the screw 90 to the escapement lever and is normally
held out of alignment with the pawl 83 by the spring 91, but forced into alignment

page_text: therewith when in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet by the superior tension
of the feed spring 54 tending to revolve the escapement ratchet, and the pawl 84
is so located relative to these teeth as to be in engagement therewith when the
escapement lever 85 is in its normally elevated position; so that when said escape-
ment lever is drawn downward, the rigid pawl 83 will pass into engagement with
the tooth with which the pawl 84 is then in engagement, before the latter passes
out of engagement with said tooth, thereby continuing to hold the feed screw
against retrograde movement, but after the pawl 84 has passed out of engagement
with the tooth of the ratchet it will spring forward into alignment with the next
interdental space, so that when the escapement lever is again permitted to move
upward, this pawl will enter said space, and after the pawl 83 passes out of
engagement with the tooth by this movement of the escapement lever, the
ratchet 82 will be permitted to move one tooth by forcing the pawl 84 into
aligument with the pawl 83, as will be readily understood. The pawl 84 is limited
in its swinging movement, so as to move through a distance equal to one of the
teeth of the escapement ratchet by its heel end 92 coming in contact with the
pin 93, which slides in the bracket 94, but should this pin be withdrawn from out
the field of travel of the heel end of the pawl, it is obvious that said pawl would
swing through a greater distance, and this swinging is arranged to carry its nose
far enough to register with the second interdental space from that occupied by the
rigid pawl 83, for the purpose and in the manner hereinafter set forth.
A cross-bar 95 carried by the short arms 96, which are pivoted at 97 within the
base of the machine, is arranged immediately beneath the key-bars 8 and held in
its normally elevated position by the springs 98, and upon the under side of the
bars 8 are placed lugs 99 arranged to strike against the cross-bar 95 when either
of said key-bars are depressed, as before set forth.
A small wire rod 100 connects the bar 95 with the escapement lever 85, from
which it will be seen that upon the depression and elevation of either one of the
key-bars 8, the escapement lever will be drawn downward and again returned to
its normal position, thereby permitting the feed screw to revolve one step or a
distance equal to one tooth of the escapement ratchet 82, as before described.
Also arranged immediately beneath the key-bars 8 is a cross-bar 101 carried by
the short arms 102, which are pivoted at 103 within the base, and this cross-bar is
held in its elevated position by the spring 104; upon the under side of certain of
the key-bars 8 are formed lugs 105 adapted to strike and force downward the
cross-bar when either of said key levers is operated, as before set forth, and as the
cross-bar 101 is connected with the pin 93 by the small wire rod 106, it is obvious
that the operation of either of the key-bars carrying a lug 105 will depress the
pin 93, so as to remove the obstruction from the path of the heel end of the pawl 84,
thereby permitting said pawl to swing forward sufficiently to bring about the
movement of the feed screw through two spaces or a distance equal to two teeth of
the escapement ratchet, as before described. Now, as the key-bars, which carry
the lugs 105, are connected to the type-bars carrying such type as require a greater
space, as for instance, the m and win the small letters, and all of the capital letters
with the exception of the 1, it is obvious that the carriage will be moved two spaces
instead of one when these key-bars are operated, thereby providing the proper
spacing for these double width letters.
As it is essential to leave a clear space between each word printed, means must
be provided therefor, and I have here shown an arrangement which contemplates
effecting this result by a single movement of the key which operates the last letter
in each word, and its construction is as follows:-
The key-board 16, through which the stems 14 of the keys pass, as before
described, is provided with arms 107, which extend rearward and are pivoted to
the casing at 108, so that said board may be swung downward upon these pivot
points and it is preferably returned to its normally elevated position by a suitable
spring (not shown); a right-angle lever 109 is pivoted within the extension at 110,
and is connected by the link 111 with the key-board, and its vertical member fits

page_text: within a socket formed in the outer end of the bar 112, which is similar in all
respects to the bars 8,-and is also provided with a shoe corresponding to the
shoes 18, so that when the key-board is depressed, this bar will be forced rearward,
bringing its shoe into contact with the friction drum and causing its operation, as
before described in connection with the bars 8; and as this bar is provided with a
lug 99, it is obvious that when it is depressed, it will operate the cross-bar 95,
thereby bringing about a one-space movement of the carriage through the escapement
mechanism, as before described.
Now it will be seen that when the last letter in a word is being printed by the
depression of the corresponding key, it is only necessary to continue the downward
movement of said key after it is in contact with the key-board to force said key-board
downward, thereby bringing about the operations just described and causing a
one-step movement of the carriage with the result of producing a clear space
between that letter and the first letter in the next word. It is to be noted that
after a key has been depressed sufficiently to bring its key-bar 8 into contact with
the friction drum, and said drum has brought about the downward movement of
said bar, and the latter been returned to the position shown in Fig. 22, where it is
retained by the engagement of the pin 30 with the under side of the ledge 27, a
further downward movement of the key to effect the depression of the key-board
will of necessity force the key-bar 8 still further forward, and this is permitted by
the coil spring 25, and when the key is ultimately released, this spring will return
the shoe to its normally central position relative to the key-bar; it is also to be
noted that the ledge 27 serves the purpose of holding the key-bar 8 in a partially
depressed position so long as the finger of the operator remains upon the key of
said bar, thus preventing the latter from rising to its normal position, and the shoe
thereof returning again into contact with the friction drum, the object of which is
to prevent a further operation of the type-bar during the time that the spacing
between the words is being effected by the depression of the key-board, as will be
readily understood.
In order to save the operator the time which would be necessary to revolve the
platen roll one or two steps, as the case may be, in accordance with the amount of
spacing desired between the lines, a lever 113 is pivoted at 114 to the carriage, one
member of which extends crosswise of said carriage and in line with the marginal
stop-block 78, so that when the carriage reaches the position which has been pre-
determined for its stopping to leave the proper margin upon
the paper being
printed upon, this member of the lever will come in contact with the stop-block
and by the movement of the carriage will be operated in the direction of the arrow
next adjacent thereto; this will move the other member of the lever crosswise of
the carriage, and as it carries the pawl 115, said pawl will operate the ratchet 116,
which is rigidly secured to the platen roll, in the direction to properly move the
paper for a new line of printing. When the carriage is again moved to the left in
accomplishing the. step-by-step feed, or for other purposes, the crosswise member
of the lever 113 will be carried out of contact with the stop-block, so that it may be
returned to its normal position by the spring 117, and this normal position is
determined by the slide 118 adjustably secured upon the carriage by the thumb
screw 119 passing through a suitable slot within said slide, so that when a single
space between the lines is desired, the slide is moved inward so that its toe 120
serves as a stop to arrest the swinging movement of the lever 113 in the position
shown-in full lines in Fig. 17, but when this slide is drawn outward so that its toe
clears the lever 113, the latter will make a free movement, thereby putting the
pawl 115 in position to operate two teeth of the ratchet 116, from which it will be
seen that to return the carriage to its proper position upon the right-hand side of
the machine and leave the paper upon the platen for spacing the lines, it is only
necessary to depress the key lever 61, which, as before described, will connect the
power with the feed screw, thereby rapidly revolving said screw in the proper
direction to bring about these movements without further attention upon the part
of the operator.

page_text: Under some circumstances it is desirable to remove the platen and the paper
carried thereby without disturbing the position of the paper relative to said platen,
and this is accomplished by the swinging frame 39 being connected with the rod 41
by open bearings 121, and this frame is retained in position when placed upon said
rod by the springs 122, which bear upon the projections 123 formed with said
bearings. These springs also serve to hold the swinging frame in the position
shown in Fig. 5, when the platen roll is turned up for observing the last printed
matter, and when in this position the frame may be readily removed by an upward
pull.
In practice this is of great advantage, since several kinds of work may be had in
hand at the same time, without interfering with the spacing or alignment thereof,'
by the use of several of these swinging frames, since it will then be only necessary
to remove one frame and substitute another therefor, leaving the work in its exact
relative position to the machine, so that when the frame is replaced for further
operations, the printing may be immediately started where it was left off.
A suitable apron 124 is supported by the carriage in any convenient manner for
the support of the paper which is not coiled about the platen roll, and for con-
venience a handle 125 may project from the swinging frame for its manipulation;
also suitable friction rolls 126 and 127 are arranged to bear against the platen
roll 38, so as to hold the paper in contact therewith, and a shield 128 is arranged
to guide the paper when being placed upon the platen roll. A pinter 129 is
secured to the swinging frame at 130 and projects into juxtaposition to the
graduated scale 131, for the purpose of indicating the point at which the next
letter will be impressed by observing the corresponding graduation upon the
scale 132, as is well understood in typewriting machines.
133 are the ribbon spools, which are rotatably mounted upon the sleeves 134 and
connected thereto by the lugs 135 projecting into the annular grooves 136 formed
in the hubs of said spools, so that the latter are held against lateral movement,.
independent of the sleeves, but permitted to revolve upon said sleeves without
affecting the same. These sleeves are in turn mounted upon the right and left-hand.
cross screw 137, with which engages the inner end of the lug 135, so that when said
sleeve is revolved, it will also be caused to travel laterally, first in one direction
and then returned in the opposite direction, as is well understood, and each of these<
sleeves is revolved by a pawl 138 engaging with the ratchet 139 carried by said!
sleeve, so that every time these ratchets are revolved, the ribbon spools will be:
shifted sidewise, thereby changing the position of the ribbon relative to the point.
at which the type come in contact with the platen roll which will expose a new
surface of said ribbon to the action of the type.
The pawls 138 for revolving the ratchets 139 are actuated by the rod 140, to:
which these pawls are pivoted, and this rod is guided in the bearings 141 and held'
in its normal position hy the spring 142 interposed between one of said bearings:
and the collar 143; therefore, when the projection 144 comes in contact with the
detent 145, when moving in the direction of the arrow located adjacent thereto,.
the rod will be operated against the action of its spring, thereby causing the
ratchets to turn one tooth; and after the projection passes out of engagement with.
the detent, which takes place on account of the different planes in which said!
projection and detent travel, the spring will return the rod to its position, causing:
the pawls to take hold of new teeth upon the ratchets, but when the projection is
moved in the opposite direction from that indicated by the arrow and comes in
contact with the detent 145, said detent will be swung upon its pivoted point 146.
against the action of the spring 147, thus permitting said projection to pass to the
opposite side of said detent. Now, as the projection 144 is carried by the carriage,.
it is obvious that for every to-and-fro lengthwise movement of said carriage, the
ratchets will be turned one step, which, as before described, will shift the ribbon.
spools a short distance sidewise, and as this sidewise movement of the ribbon has no
positive connection with the lengthwise feeding of said ribbon and is not timed.
therewith, the same surface of the ribbon will seldom be exposed to the action of

page_text: the type, which will greatly increase the durability of the ribbon, as will be obvious
to those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains.
.
The lengthwise feeding of the ribbon is accomplished by the pawls 147 engaging
with the ratchets 148, and these pawls are pivoted at 149 to the rods 150, which in
turn are attached at their lower ends to the cross-bar 95, so that for every operation
of the keys, these pawls are caused to move, and one or the other thereof moves
its ratchet one step. One or the other of the pawis is brought into operation and
the remaining pawl thrown out of operation by the cams 151, which are provided
with the arms 152, said arms being connected by the rod 153, and the cams being
so timed relative to each other as to leave one of the pawls out of operation when
the other pawl is permitted to pass into operation with the teeth of the ratchets,
thus while both of the pawls are simultaneously reciprocated, but one will operate
upon its ratchet at the same time. The arms 152 are bent at right angles, so that.
the horizontal members thereof lie cross-wise of the ribbon 154 in such mauner
that when the ribbon is fully wound upon one of the spools and entirely withdrawn
from the other spool, the tension thereon will cause the arm working in conjunction
with the empty spool to be swung upward, which will bring its pawl into operative
position with the teeth of its ratchet and carry the opposite pawl out of operative
position, thus reversing the feeding of the ribben and causing the empty spool to
coil said ribbon thereon while drawing it from the full spool; and the shifting of
the arins is facilitated by the lock-pin 155 passing over the vertex of the V-shaped
cam point 156, so that when the tension of the ribbon has moved the rod 140 until
said vertex has passed to the opposite side of the lock-pin, said pin being spring
actuated will ride down one of the inclines of the cam point and continue to move
the rod in that direction.
The same result will take place, but in an opposite direction, when the opposite
arm is operated and the cam point again passed under the spring actuated
lock-pin.
The intermittent step-by-step rotation of the ratchets 133 is imparted to the
ribbon spools by the engagement of the lugs 157 with the spline-grooves 158
formed in the shanks 159 of the ratchet wheels, whereby the lateral travel of the
spools is permitted during their rotation by said shanks. This arrangement
permits of the lengthwise feeding of the ribbon independent of its crosswise
movements, whereby these two movements have no positive relation one to another
and do not therefore take place in time, the object of which has been herein before
set forth.
It sometimes becomes necessary to move the carriage independent of the
escapement mechanism, and this is accomplished by the lever 165, which is pivoted
at 166, and has one end projecting into engagement with an annular groove in the
clutch 80, so that by operating this lever to throw the teeth of the clutch out of
engagement with the teeth upon the feed screw, said screw will be free to revolve
independent of the escapement mechanism, thereby permitting, the movement of
the carriage in either direction by hand, and for convenience in operating the,
lever 165, for the purpose just described, a bar 167 is pivoted at 168 and extends
lengthwise of the machine, having its free end guided by projecting through a slot
in the lug 169, and this bar is so arranged relative to the lever 165, that the
heel end of said lever bears against said bar at all times by the action of the
spring 81. The bar in turn is operated by the band lever 170, which is pivoted
at 171, and carries a roll 172, which bears against the bar 167, as clearly shown in
dotted lines in Fig. 1, so that to release the clutch 80 from engagement with the
feed screw, it is only necessary to push the band lever 170 inward, when this
disengagement will be effected.
:
The tension of the belt 7, which serves to transmit power from the drive
pulley 6 to the clutch 59, may be varied by an idle roll 160 carried by the fork 161
adapted to be adjusted by means of the thumb screw 162; the object of this is to
compensate for the variance in the length of the belt due to atmospheric changes
as well as use, since it is essential that the tension of this belt shall be sufficient to

page_text: properly drive the clutch when in engagement with the feed screw, but to permit
the slipping of the belt upon its pulleys when the motion of the clutch has been
suddenly arrested without disengagement from said screw, thereby avoiding the
strain which would otherwise come upon the parts of the machine.
All of the operating parts of the machine, with the exception of the carriage,
may be encased in glass, so as to exclude dust and moisture and yet permit the
observation of the working parts, and the manner of so inclosing the machine is
illustrated at 163 and 164, where the sides and front of the casing are provided with
glass sections, and this may be carried to any extent which fancy may elect.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that the only attention the operator
is required to give the machine when writing thereon is concentrated upon the keys
and the key lever 61, as all the movements of the machine are brought about from
the proper manipulation of these keys and this lever by the power which is
transmitted thereto through the shaft 4, which latter may be revolved by any
suitable motor, such as an electric or spring motor. And since the work is
accomplished by this motor, the necessity for striking the keys with considerable
force is obviated, thereby facilitating the manipulation of the same, which will
increase the rapidity of such manipulation without the strain upon the fingers of the
operator now attendant upon the use of typewriters of ordinary construction. Also
since the work is accomplished by the motor and the force of impact of the type
may be varied by the proper adjustment of the shoes and their operating mechanism
relative to the friction drum, my improvement is especially adapted for manifold
work, and the type may be made to strike the paper with great force without
increasing the force with which the keys must be depressed.
While my improvement has many advantages over the method of typewriting
now used, the principal advantage to be gained is the increased speed of operation,
and this is largely brought about by the decrease in the length of movement and
force of touch usually necessary to operate the keys and from the fact that no time
is lost in the manipulation of keys for spacing, the sliding of the carriage to the
opposite side of the machine, or the turning up of the platen roll to gain space for a
new line; and another cause for the increase of speed in my improvement is that it
is not necessary to release the last key struck before striking the next, and in
practice, a skilled operator may depress two or more keys, one after the other, by a
dragging movement of the finger where said keys are located adjacent to each other,
without the possibility of the type-bars interfering with each other, since the
operation of said bars and their release is automatically accomplished, regardless of
the holding down of a key.
A further marked advantage of my improvement is that the force with which the
type is driven against the paper or platen may be determined to a nicety, regardless
of the force with which the keys are depressed by the operator, and this force of
impact may be varied with the various type, so as to be in ratio to the face of said
type, whereby a narrow-face type will be imbedded in the paper to no greater depth
than will be a wide-face type, thus producing a uniformity of printing, which is not
possible where the force with which the key is depressed determines the force with
which the type strikes the paper.
If it should be found desirable for certain classes of work, a typewriter may be
built in accordance with my improvement having two, three or four cross-pars
similar to the cross-bar 101, and key-bars and keys provided for certain combinations
of letters, such as th, the, ion. con, ed, ing, &c., and these key-bars when provided
with lugs 105, arranged relative to the cross-bars, which correspond to the number
of spaces through which the carriage is to be moved, will depress the proper cross-
bar when operated, and by the connection of these cross-bars with a series of pins
corresponding to the pins 93, arranged in steps, the proper spacing will be provided
for the reception of these combinations.
When a machine is thus arranged, words composed of any of the combinations of
letters may be quickly written by the depression of a key for the printing of the

page_text: combination and other single keys for the adding of the remaining letters, thus
greatly increasing the speed with which the printing may be accomplished.
While I prefer to so arrange the friction drum that it shall have a continuous
revolution, it is obvious that it might be so arranged as to be revolved intermittently
and mechanism provided for controlling these intermittent revolutions so as to cause
them to take place in unison with the depression of the keys, whereby the operations,
of the key-bars would be effected, and for some purposes this arrangement is
advantageous and especially when a spring motor is used, since the power of said
motor would not be spent in uselessly revolving said drum, which would necessitate
the frequent winding of said motor.
Instead of utilizing longitudinally moving key-bars, it is obvious that the initial
movenient of the shoes may be brought about by the keys through a series of rock
levers or other suitable mechanism, and modifications might be made in the
construction here shown, without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I
do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact construction here
described, as this may be varied in accordance with the requirements of the work to
be performed and the design preferred by the manufacturer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is
1. In a typewriting machine, a friction drum adapted to be revolved from a
suitable source of power, and a series of type-bars under control of a series of keys,
said bars adapted to be operated by the friction drum for operating the type-bars,
as specified.
2. In combination, a series of type-bars, a series of keys for forcing said bars.
longitudinally, a series of shoes carried by said bars, a revolving friction drum for
depressing the bars when forced longitudinally, type-bars connected to the first
named bars, and a carriage whose movements are under the control of the keys,
substantially as shown and described.
3. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars, a series of keys adapted to
move said bars longitudinally, springs for retracting said bars, shoes carried by the
bars, a revolving friction drum for depressing the bars when the shoes come in
contact therewith, key-bars connected to the first named bars so as to be operate l
when the latter are put in motion, in combination with a carriage, a feel screw for
operating said carriage, a spring for actuating the carriage in one direction, and
means for connecting said carriage with the power for revolving it in the opposite
direction, as shown and described.
4. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to move longitudinally,
a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of springs for
returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with the
levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drum for
depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, means for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the drum
when this limit is reached, type bars connected to the first named bars so as to
be operated by the latter, and a suitable carriage whose movements are under
control of the keys, substantially as shown and described.
'
5. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to move longi-
tudinally, a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of springs
for returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with
the levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drun for
depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, means for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the drum
when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so as to be
operated by the latter, a key-board for effecting the spacing between the words,

page_text: .
and a suitable carriage whose movements are under control of the keys and
key-board, as shown and described.
6. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to move longi-
tudinally, a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of springs
for returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with the
levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drum for
depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, means for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the
drum when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so as
to be operated by the latter, a bar 112 similar to the key-bars and carrying a shoe
for contact with the friction drum, a lever 109 for operating the bar 112, a key-
board 16 connected to said lever, said board being so arranged as to be depressed.
by either of the keys, a cross-bar 95, a series of lugs 99 carried by the key-bars
and the bar 112 for depressing said cross-bar, and a suitable carriage whose
movements are under the control of the cross-bar 95, substantially as shown and
described.
7. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to move longi-
tudinally, a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of springs
for returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with the
levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drum for
depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, means for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the
drum when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so as
to be operated by the latter, a bar 112 similar to the key-bars and carrying a
shoe for contact with the friction drum, a lever 109 for operating the bar 112, a
key-board 16 connected to said lever, said board being so arranged as to be.
depressed by either of the keys, a cross-bar 95, a series of lugs 99 carried by the
key-bars and the bar 112 for depressing said cross-bar, an escapement connected
with the cross-bar, a feed screw which is spring actuated in one direction and
whose spring movements are under the control of the escapement, means for
revolving the screw against the action of its spring by power outside of the
operator, a key lever for controlling this winding, and a suitable carriage whose
movements are under the control of the feed screw, substantially as and for the:
purpose set forth.
8. In a machine of the character described, a series of key-bars 8 arranged
within the base of the machine and adapted to be moved longitudinally, levers 12
adapted to force said bars in one direction, springs for returning said bars to their
normal position when released, stems 14 pivoted to the levers and projecting
through the key-board, keys carried by said stems, shoes carried by the inner
ends of the bars 8, two coil springs carried by each bar so arranged as to hold
the shoes in a normally central position but permit their movement longitudinally
in either direction relative to the bars when sufficient force is brought to bear
thereon, a revolving friction drum, an incline plate 26, and pins projecting from
the shoes for engagement with said plate, said plate having slots formed therein
for the passage of the shoes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
9. In a machine of the character described, the bars 8 fitted upon the rod 9,
shoes 18 carried by said bars, springs 23 and 25 arranged to hold the shoes in a
normally central position upon the bars but permit them being forced in either
direction relative to the bars, pins carried by the shoes, a plate 26 having slots
therein for the passage of the shoes, said slots being enlarged at their lower ends
for the passage of the pins, a revolving friction drum for engaging the shoes when
forced inward, a ledge formed upon the plate for preventing the final upward
movement of the bars 8 when held inward; levers 12 for forcing the bars 8 in one
direction, springs 11 for returning said bars when the pressure therein is released,

page_text: and keys 17 connected to the levers 12 by the shanks 14, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
+
10. In a machine of the character described, the bars 8 fitted upon the rod 9,
shoes 18 carried by said bars, springs 23 and 25 arranged to hold the shoes in a
normally central position upon the bars but permit them being forced in either
direction relative to the bars, pins carried by the shoes, a plate 26 having slots,
therein for the passage of the shoes, said slots being enlarged at their lower ends
for the passage of the pins, a revolving friction drum for engaging the shoes when
forced inward, a ledge formed upon the plate for preventing the final upward
movement of the bars 8 when held inward, levers 12 for forcing the bars 8 in one
direction, springs 11 for returning said bars when the pressure thereon is released,
keys 17 connected to the levers 12 by the shanks 14, a bar 112 also fitted upon
the rod 9 and carrying a shoe corresponding to the shoes 18, a lever 109 for
operating said bar in one direction against the action of its spring, a board 16
connected to the lever 109, said board being so arranged as to be depressed by
the proper manipulation of either of the keys, lugs 99 carried by the bars 8
and 112, a cross-bar 95 under control of said bars, and a suitable escapement
mechanism operated by the bar 95, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
11. In combination with the key mechanism of a typewriting machine of the
character described, type-bars actuated by said mechanism, a carriage suitably
mounted upon the framework of the machine, a feed screw adapted to impart
motion to said carriage, a spring for revolving the screw in one direction, a clutch
for revolving the screw against the action of its spring, means for throwing said
clutch into and out of engagement with said screw, a ratchet journaled concentric,
with the feed screw, a clutch for connecting said ratchet with the screw whereby
the latter may be revolved in one direction while the ratchet remains stationary,
an escapement for controlling the movements of the ratchet, means under the
control of the key mechanism for operating said escapement, and a platen roll
carried by the carriage, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
12. In combination with the key mechanism of a typewriting machine of the
character described, type-bars actuated by said mechanism, a carriage suitably
mounted upon the framework of the machine, a feed screw adapted to impart
motion to said carriage, a spring for revolving the screw in one direction, a clutch
for revolving the screw against the action of its spring, means for throwing said
clutch into and out of engagement with said screw, a ratchet journaled concentric
with the feed screw, a clutch for connecting said ratchet with the screw whereby
the latter may be revolved in one direction while the ratchet remains stationary, an
escapement for controlling the movements of the ratchet, means under the control
of the key mechanism for operating said escapement, a swinging frame pivoted to
the carriage, a platen roll journaled within said frame, and means carried by the
frame for revolving the platen roll by the movement of the carriage, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
13. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to move longitudinally,
a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of springs for
returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with the
levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drum for
.depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, incans for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit, of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the
drum when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so
as to be operated by the latter, a key-board for effecting the spacing between
the words, a carriage suitably mounted upon the framework of the machine, a
feed screw adapted to impart motion to said carriage, a spring for revolving the screw
in one direction, a clutch for revolving the screw against the action of its spring,
means for throwing said clutch into and out of engagement with said screw, a
ratchet journaled concentric with the feed screw, a clutch for connecting said
ratchet with the screw whereby the latter may be revolved in one direction

page_text: while the ratchet remains stationary, an escapement for controlling the movements
of the ratchet, means under the control of the key mechanism for operating:
said escapement, a swinging frame pivoted to the carriage, a platen roll journaled
within said frame, and means carried by the frame for revolving the platen roll-
by the movement of the carriage in one direction, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
14. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to be moved"
longitudinally, a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of
springs for returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected
with the levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction
drum for depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith,
means for holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit..of their
downward movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with
the drum when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so
as to be operated by the latter, a bar 112 similar to the key-bars and carrying a
shoe for contact with the friction drum, a lever 109 for operating the bar 112, a
key-board 16 connected to said lever, said board being so arranged as to be
depressed by either of the keys, a cross-bar 95, a series of lugs 99 carried by the
key-bars and the bar 112 for depressing said cross-bar, an escapement connected
with the cross-bar, a carriage suitably mounted, a feed screw adapted to impart
motion to said carriage, a spring for revolving the screw in one direction, a clutch
for revolving the screw against the action of its spring, means for throwing said.
clutch into and out of engagement with said screw, a ratchet journaled concentric.
with the feed screw, a clutch for connecting said ratchet with the screw whereby
the latter may be revolved in one direction while the ratchet remains stationary, a
swinging frame pivoted to the carriage, a platen roll journaled within said frame;
and means carried by the frame for revolving the platen roll by the movement of
the carriage, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
15. In combination with a typewriting machine, two spools adapted to carry the
inking ribbon, means for revolving said spools, double threaded screws for moving.
said spools sidewise, sleeves mounted upon said screws, and means for revolving
said sleeves, as specified.
16. In combination with a typewriting machine, an ink ribbon feeding mechanism;
comprising two spools for carrying said ribbon, sleeves upon which said spools are
mounted, screws upon which the sleeves are mounted, said screws having a right.
and left cross thread, pins 135 projecting into engagement with the threads of the
screws, ratchets for revolving the sleeves, pawls for operating said ratchets, a
rod 140 to which said pawls are pivoted, means carried by the carriage of the
machine for actuating said rod, and means connected with the key mechanism for
revolving the spools, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
17. In combination with a typewriting machine of the character described, an
ink ribbon feeding mechanism, comprising two spools, sleeves upon which said
spools are mounted, double cross threaded screws upon which said sleeves are-
-mounted, said screws being held stationary, ratchets carried by the sleeves, pawls for
actuating said ratchets, a rod 140 for actuating the pawls, means carried by the
carriage of the machine for imparting motion in one direction to the rod, a spring.
for returning said rod to its normal position, ratchet wheels 148 to whose shanks.
the spools are splined, pawls for actuating the last named ratchets, means for
connecting said pawls to the key mechanism, cams 151 for throwing the last named
pawls into and out of engagement with their ratchets, armis 152 so disposed
relative to the ink ribbon as to be controlled thereby, whereby the cams are
operated, a rod 153 connected to said arms so as to cause the latter to move in.
unison, and means for locking said rod in two positions, substantially as aud for the-
purposes set forth.
18. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to be moved longi-.
tudinally, a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of springs
for returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with the-

page_text: levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drum for
depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, means for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the drum
when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so as to be
operated by the latter, a bar 112 similar to the key-bars and carrying a shoe for
contact with the friction drum, a lever 109 for operating the bar 112, a key-board 16
connected to said lever, said board being so arranged as to be depressed by either
of the keys, a cross-bar 95, a series of lugs 99 carried by the key-bars and the
bar 112 for depressing said cross-bar, an escapement connected with the cross-bar,
a carriage suitably mounted, a feed screw adapted to impart motion to said
carriage, a spring for revolving the screw in one direction, a clutch for revolving
the screw against the action of its spring; means for throwing said clutch into and
out of engagement with said screw, a ratchet journaled concentric with the feed
screw, a clutch for connecting said ratchet with the screw whereby the latter may
be revolved in one direction while the ratchet remains stationary, a swinging frame
pivoted to the carriage, a platen roll journaled within said frame, means carried by
the frame for revolving the platen roll by the movement of the carriage, two spools
adapted to carry the inking ribbon, means for revolving said spools, double threaded
screws for moving said spools sidewise, sleeves mounted upon said screws, and
means for revolving said sleeves, as specified.
19. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to be moved longi-
tudinally, a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of springs
for returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with the
levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drum for
depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, means for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the drum
when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so as to be
operated by the latter, a bar 112 similar to the key-bars and carrying a shoe for
contact with the friction drum, a lever 109 for operating the bar 112, a key-board 16
connected to said lever, said board being so arranged as to be depressed by either
of the keys, a cross-bar 95, a series of lugs 99 carried by the key-bars and the
bar 112 for depressing said cross-bar, an escapement connected with the cross-bar,
a carriage suitably mounted, a feed screw adapted to impart motion to said carriage,
a spring for revolving the screw in one direction, a clutch for revolving the screw
against the action of its spring, means for throwing said clutch into and out of
engagement with said screw, a ratchet journaled concentric with the feed screw,
a clutch for connecting said ratchet with the screw whereby the latter may be
revolved in one direction while the ratchet remains stationary, a swinging frame
pivoted to the carriage, a platen roll journaled within said frame, means carried
by the frame for revolving the platen roll by the movement of the
carriage, an ink ribbon feeding mechanism, comprising two spools for carrying
said ribbon, sleeves upon which said spools are mounted, screws upon which the
sleeves are mounted, said screws having a right and left cross thread, pins 135
projecting into engagement with the threads of the screws, ratchets for revolving
the sleeves, pawls for operating said ratchets, a rod 140 to which said pawls are
pivoted, means carried by the carriage of the machine for actuating said rod, and
means connected with the key mechanism for revolving the spools, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
20. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to be moved longi-
tudinally, a series of levers for moving bars in one direction, a series of springs for
returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected with the
levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction drum for
depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith, means for
holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their downward
movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact with the drum

page_text: when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named bars so as to be
operated by the latter, a bar 112 similar to the key-bars and carrying a shoe for
contact with the friction drum, a lever 109 for operating the bar 112, a key-board 16
connected to said lever, said board being so arranged as to be depressed by either
of the keys, a cross-bar 95, a series of lugs 99 carried by the key-bars and the
bar 112 for depressing said cross-bar, an escapement connected with the cross-
bar, a carriage suitably mounted, a feed screw adapted to impart motion to said
carriage, a spring for revolving the screw in one direction, a clutch for revolving
the screw against the action of its spring, means for throwing said clutch into and out
of engagement with said screw, a ratchet journaled concentric with the feed screw,
a clutch for connecting said ratchet with the screw whereby the latter may be
revolved in one direction while the ratchet remains stationary, a swinging frame
pivoted to the carriage, a platen roll journaled within said fraine, means carried by
the frame for revolving the platen roll by the movement of the carriage, an ink
ribbon feeding mechanism, comprising two spools, sleeves upon which said spools
are mounted, double cross threaded screws upon which said sleeves are mounte 1,
said screws being held stationary, ratchets carried by the sleeves, pawls for actuating
said ratchets, a rod 140 for actuating the pawls, means carried by the carriage of
the machine for imparting motion in one direction to the rod, a spring for returning
said rod to its normal position, ratchet wheels 148 to whose shanks the spools are
splined, pawls for actuating the last named ratchets, means for connecting said
pawls to the key mechanism, cams 151 for throwing the last named pawls into and
out of engagement with their ratchets, arms 152 so disposed relative to the ink
ribbon as to be controlled thereby, whereby the cams are operated, a rod 153
connected to said arms so as to cause the latter to move in unison, and means for
locking said rod in two positions, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
21. In combination with the carriage and feed mechanism of a typewriting
machine of the character described, a clutch 80 whose rotations are controlled by
the escapement mechanism, a lever for controlling the longitudinal movement of
said clutch, a bar pivoted to the frame of the machine and adapted to operate said
lever, and a hand lever arranged to operate said bar, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
22. In a typewriting machine, a series of key-bars adapted to be moved
longitudinally, a series of levers for moving said bars in one direction, a series of
springs for returning said bars to their normal position, a series of keys connected
with the levers, shoes carried by the inner ends of the bars, a revolving friction
drum for depressing said bars when said shoes are forced in contact therewith,
means for holding said shoes in contact with the drum until the limit of their
downward movement is reached, means for retracting said shoes out of contact
with the drum when this limit is reached, type-bars connected to the first named
bars so as to be operated by the latter, a bar 112 similar to the key-bars and
carrying a shoe for contact with the friction drum, a lever 109 for operating the
bar 112, a key-board 16 connected to said lever, said board being so arranged as to
be depressed by either of the keys, a cross-bar 95, a series of lugs 99 carried by
the key-bars and the bar 112 for depressing said cross-bar, an escapement connected
with the cross-bar, a carriage suitably mounted, a feed screw adapted to impart
motion to said carriage, a spring for revolving the screw in one direction, a clutch
for revolving the screw against the action of its spring, means for throwing said
clutch into and out of engagement with said screw, a ratchet journaled concentric
with the feed screw, a clutch for connecting said ratchet with the screw whereby.
the latter may be revolved in one direction while the ratchet remains stationary,
a swinging frame pivoted to the carriage, a platen roll journaled within said frame,
means carried by the frame for revolving the platen roll by the movement of the
carriage, an ink ribbon feeding mechanism, comprising two spools, sleeves upon
which said spools are mounted, double cross threaded screws upon which said sleeves
are mounted, said screws being held stationary, ratchets carried by the sleeves,
pawls for actuating said ratchets, a rod 140 for actuating the pawls, means carried

page_text: by the carriage of the machine for imparting motion in one direction to the rod,
a spring for returning said rod to its normal position, ratchet wheels 148 to whose
shanks the spools are splined, pawls for actuating the last named ratchets, means
for connecting said pawls to the key mechanism, cams 151 for throwing the last
named pawls into and out of engagement with their ratchets, arms 152 so disposed
relative to the ink ribbon as to be controlled thereby, whereby the cams are
operated, a rod 153 connected to said arms so as to cause the latter to move in
unison, means for locking said rod in two positions, a clutch 80 whose rotations are
controlled by the escapement mechanism, a lever for controlling the longitudinal
movement of said clutch, a bar pivoted to the frame of the machine and adapted
to operate said lever, and a hand lever arranged to operate said bar, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 27th day of January 1897.
J. P. BAYLY,
18 Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for Applicant.