Improvements in and relating to Labels, Tablets, and the like made of Bone, Ivory, or Similar Substance.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 18th Feb., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Labels, Tablets, and the like made of
Bone, Ivory, or Similar Substance.
We, JOHN DAVIS WARREN and PERCY WARNFORD-DAVIS, Works Manager and
Managing Director, respectively, of the Endolithic Ivory Co., Limited, of Pomona
Buildings, 61, Fore Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the treatment of labels, tablets, and like articles made
of bone, ivory or similar substance, and it has for its object rendering such articles
impervious to dampness or other atmospheric influences.
According to this invention, the labels or like articles-either in the rough or
finished state-are treated with any suitable oil or fatty substance which either
dries on exposure to the air or solidifies when cold. When a drying oil is used
it is sufficient to immerse or repeatedly coat the articles, but with oils which are
solid or approximately so when cold the oil is liquefied by the application of heat;
and the articles to be treated are either immersed until they become saturated or
they are heated and repeatedly coated with the liquid oil, the object in all cases
being to close or fill up the natural pores or interstices of the substances, with the
saturating material.
It is found that this invention is particularly applicable to the treatment of thin
slips or slices of one or the like when made into labels or tablets for horticultural
purposes, as heretofore owing to dampness and other influences, such labels which
have hitherto generally been made of metal, have either become oxidized or corroded
or the lettering thereon otherwise rendered illegible after a short time, whereas bone
labels treated according to the present invention are rendered impervious to wet,
moisture or other influences, therefore greatly increasing their durability.
In carrying this invention into practice it is preferred to use paraffin (paraffin
wax) in which case-by way of example-the method employed is as follows:-
The paraffin (or paraffin wax) is melted in a suitable receptacle and raised to and
kept at a temperature of about 180° F. by the application of heat in any suitable
manner. The labels, tablets, or the like in their finished state i.e. cut to size,
smoothed or polished etc. and indelibly printed or lettered as required, are immersed
and kept in the bath of melted paraffin for about 30 minutes if their thicknesses
do not exceed one quarter of an inch. The labels, tablets, or the like are then
removed from the bath and after the superfluous wax is drained off in any con-
venient manner, are allowed to cool or be cooled until the absorbed paraffin is
solidified within the pores or interstices of the substance. Should any of the
paraffin still adhere or appear as a film on the surface it may be removed by
scraping or in any other convenient manner.
It will be understood that the above particular treatment of a particular article
is merely given by way of example as the treatment as well as the substance or
substances used may be varied materially without departing from the spirit and
scope of this invention.
9 in wand it is proforred to use boiled linseed oil.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is;-
-
(1). Treating labels, tablets and like articles made of bone, ivory, or like sub-
stances with any suitable oil or fatty substance which either dries on exposure
to the air or solidifies when cold whereby the pores or interstices of such articles
are so filled as to render the said articles impervious to dampness or other atmo-
spheric influences, as set forth.
(2). As a new article of manufacture, a bone horticultural label treated with
paraffin or similar oleaginous matter, as and for the purpose specified.
(3). As a new article of manufacture, a bone horticultural label treated with
boiled linseed or other similar drying oil, as and for the purpose specified.
this 17th day of January 1899.
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., M.I. Mech. E.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.