AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALLEABLE SHOT, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christopher Shaw, of Wicker Iron Works,
Sheffield, in the County of York, Ironfounder, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALLEABLE SHOT, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE."
Sealed the 8th July 1864, and dated the 26th February 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christopher Shaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th February 1864.
I, CHRISTOPHER SHAW, of the Wicker Iron Works, Sheffield, in the County
of York, Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALL ABLE SHOT, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows, that is to say :-
Shot of malleable steel and iron has hitherto been generally made by means
of a forge or steam hammer, the face and block having an indentation according
to the shape of the shot required. Now instead of making shot by means of
forging or hammering, I make it by means of rolling the iron or steel by three
(3) rolls arranged in strong housings in a triangular form, suitably grooved,
and rotating in the same direction about their axes. These rolls act upon the
material placed in the space formed by the grooves, each of such rolls being
driven by a pinion or wheel moving or revolving with the rolls.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Christopher Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd August 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHRISTOPHER
SHAW, of Wicker Iron Works, Sheffield, in the County of York, Ironfounder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto him,
the said Christopher Shaw, Her special licence that he, the said Christopher
Shaw, his executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as he, the said
Christopher Shaw, his executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exerciso, and vend, within tho United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALLEABLE SHOT, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT
PURPOSE," upon the condition (amongst others) that he, the said Christopher
Shaw, his executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
his, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manuer the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Christopher Shaw, do hereby declare tho
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
and the Drawings hereto annexed.
My Invention relates to au improved method of making malleable shot, and
in apparatus for that purpose. Shot of malleable steel or iron has hitherto
been generally made by means of a forge or steam hammer, the face and block
having an indentation according to the shape of the shot required. Now
instead of making shot by means of forging or hammering, I make it by
means of rolling the iron or steel by three rolls. I place within strong metal
housings or frames three rolls arranged in a triangular form, suitably grooved,
and rotating in the same direction about their axes. These rolls act upon the
material placed in the space formed by the grooves, each of such rolls being

page_text: driven by a pinion or wheel moving or revolving with the rolls. In the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 is the end elevation of housings
or frames, showing the position of the rolls when acting upon the material
placed within the grooves. These rolls (A) are movable in their bearings
to admit of the material to be acted upon being placed within the grooves of
these rolls. The movement of these rolls is indicated by the mark or >,
the inner circle representing the bottom of the groove, the dotted lines being
the outer diameter of cach roll. The Figuro "B" is the shot being acted upon
within the grooves of the rolls; Figure 2 is the front elevation of the rolls
and housings; C, C, being the housings or frames, and A the rolls; D
is the front elevation of pinion housings and pinions, also of driving wheel
E for the purpose of driving the pinion; Figure E is the internal view
of the driving wheel and pinions, showing the arrangement and mode of
driving the rolls, e being an internal wheel covering and driving the smaller
wheels or pinions F, G, and H, in the direction shown >; I, I, I, in
Figure 2, are a set of wheels and pinion used for the purpose of regulating
the action of the screw when brought down upon the top roll by the lever J,
(although for the sake of simplicity I have here shown the screw acted upon
by the usual lever or spanner, there are several well-known methods of forcing
down the screw which may bere be applied). K, in Figure 1, is the balance
or lever used for the purpose of lifting the top roll when the pressure of the
screws L, L, are moved; M is a section of the set of rolls at A, A, in
Figure 2, and shews the shot when being acted upon by the three rolls, the
outer circles being the outside diameter of the rolls, and the inner circles
representing the bottom of grooves or indentations cut in such rolls. The
section of rolls shewn at M may be used as a set of finishing rolls after
the material has been prepared by the roughing rolls. The rolls shown at
Figure 3 are intended both for roughing or preparing, and also the finishing
of such material as may be placed within their action. The letters N, O, P,
show the shot acted upon in its progress through the several grooves; the
section of these rolls, shown at 2, shows the form of these rolls when at work
at 1, 1, at Figure 3, or if preferred, by slightly deepening the grooves of the
bottom rolls the circle will be completed, and the projections of the shot
shown at p, p, may be cut off. Although in the annexed Sheet of Drawings
I have shown these rolls as preparing the round or spherical shot, but by
altering the form of the grooves, or leaving the rolls without grooves, the rolls
may be made to roll other forms of shot.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that I claim as the Invention

page_text: whereof the exclusive use is intended to be secured by the said Letters
Patent,―
First, the manufacture of malleable shot by rolling.
Secondly, the apparatus constructed and arranged as above described, for
rolling or working malleable shot.
In witness whereof, I, the said Christopher Shaw, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
CHRISTOPHER SHAW. (LS.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within-named Christopher
Shaw, in the presence of
HEN. THO". DYSON,
Clerk to Mr. Wm. Unwin,
Solicitor,
Sheffield.