IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Weightman Harrison, of South Kensing
ton, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
'IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS."
66
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Weightman
Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 14th December 1871.
I, CHARLES WEIGHTMAN HARRISON, of South Kensington, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said- Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS, IN GAS BURNERS," to be as follows :-
The first part of this Invention relates to constructing the burner of
two or more parts, which when fitted together for use will leave a space
between them, through which aperture either clear or with a wick held
therein the gas passes for lighting. The distance, between the parts I
regulate by a screw or other suitable means so as to produce at
pleasure a thick or thin sheet of flame. I mostly make the burner of
two circular parts either flat or of a conical or hemispherical shape
around the base or edges of which an unbroken ring of light is pro-
-duced.

page_text: Sometimes I form around the said bases or edges a ring of jet lights
by drilling therein one or more circles of small holes close together.
The second part of my Invention consists in platinising the inner face
or surface of the burner over which the gas has to pass, or I place
platinum black or sponge or a platinised substance between the pieces 5
of the burner.
The third part of my Invention consists in forming an inner chamber
in the burner of platinized wire gauge, or other suitable material through
which the gas or air or other vapor to assist in the combustion is made
to pass to the light, and I sometimes place therein platinised carbon, or 1
other platinised, or porous substances either alone or saturated with a
carburetting or other suitable liquid or a volatile solid.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to attracting the oxygen of
the air to the burner by forming it either wholly or partly of magnetic
steel. Or instead I place magnetic steel fittings or magnetic iron sand 18
in the interior of the burner through which the gas or the air or other
vapour is made to pass, and thus become polarised.
134
The fifth part of my Invention consists in charging separate parts of
the burner with electricity so' as thereby to produce a different polarity
in them, and in causing a discharge of such polarity through the 20
platinised surface or part of the gas, air, or vapour.
The sixth part of my Invention consists in forming suitable parts
of the burner or wick of asbestus, talc, or other non-combustible
substance.
The seventh part of my Invention relate to the application of a 2
A
11.

page_text: the Letters ratent,
filed by the said Charles Weightman Harrison in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 14th June 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
WEIGHTMAN HARRISON, of South Kensington, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Charles Weightman Harrison, Her
special licence that I, the said Charles Weightman Harrison, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Weightman Harrison, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Charles Weightman Harrison, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Weightman Harrison, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
:—
This Invention relates to improvements in gas burners for both
lighting and hosting nunnoses whamaha
1

page_text: And in order that my Invention may be clearly understood and
readily carried into effect I will proceed to describe the same with the
aid of the accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters
and figures marked-thereon. In each case the same letter wherever it
لت
otos liko nante
aid of the accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters
and figures marked-thereon. In each case the same letter wherever it
occurs indicates like parts.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a gas burner constructed accord-
ing to my improvements, and Figs. 2 to 10 modifications and other forms
in which my improvements may be applied and used.
"
t
1.
The first part of this Invention relates to means of obtaining a ring
of light composed of two or more sheets of flame, and this I accomplish
in one of two methods which are shewn at Figs. 1 & 2 of the accom-
panying Drawings. According to the method shewn at Fig. 1, I
construct that particular portion of the burner relating to this part of
the Invention in three pieces A, B, C, and connect them together in
such a manner as to leave two apertures D, D, one above the other for
the exit of the gas in two unbroken sheets. The size of the said
apertures or the distance of the said parts from one another is regulated
when so required by means of the screws E, E, and thumb studs F; F,
or these parts may be fixed in position, and the said appertures made of a
definite size. As will be seen from the Drawing the division plate B is
made hollow, and communicates with the atmosphere by or through the
spindle G, and is provided with perforations around its periphery. The
action is as follows:-The gas entering the bulb H from the tube I,
which forms the lower part of the burner passes out through the said
apertures D, D, in two sheets of flame which impinge against one another,
drawing in between them a film of air through the perforations in the
periphery of the said partition plate B, thereby producing a light of
great brilliancy. These-apertures. may either remain perfectly free or
T
.
"
aperture above described I form two or more rows of holes horizontally
round the burner, which are either left as holes or provided with
suitable nipples, care being taken that in every two or pair of rows at
the least the holes are formed directly above one another, and sufficiently
-near for the jets of flame issuing therefrom to inpinge one against the
other.

page_text: The principle of this the first part of my Invention is that two flames
when thus burning in near contact with one another, and with provision
for the free admission of a film of air between them, which is drawn in
by their own action, give far more of both light and heat than whilst
burning separately.
The second part of my Invention consists in platinising the plate or
disc B, and filling the cup H with spongy platinum or a platinised
substance over or among which the gas has to pass before ignition. Or
instead of this method I form an inner space or chamber J of platinised
wire gauze, and fill the same with platinised carbon or other platinised
porous substance either alone or saturated with a carburetting or other
suitable liquid or mixed with a volatile solid. The gas having to pass
through this before combustion is greatly improved in quality and
illuminating power.
The third part of my Invention relates to attracting the oxygen of the
atmosphere to the burner by constructing it wholly, or those parts of it
from where the gas issues, of magnetic steel. Or instead of this method
and when the platinised wire gauze chamber above described is used for
the platinised substance I accomplish the above object by filling the
cup H. with magnetic steel or magnetic iron sand through which the gas
or air or other substance is made to pass before combustion, and thus
become polarised.
The fourth part of my Invention consists in charging the seperate
parts of the burner with electricity derived from any suitable source, and
applied in any of the well-known methods, and by insulating such parts
in the ordinary way, producing in them a different polarity, such
electricity being discharged through the said platinised surface or
surfaces, and thereby greatly intensifying the light and heat.
The fifth part of my Invention which is pratically more adapted for
use where heat is required consists in the application to the burner of a
series of circular or other suitably shaped plates, cones, or discs of talk
(K, Figs. 3 and 4) of any required number. By preference I make the
upper of these the largest, and the others gradually reducing in size
towards the bottom one which is the smallest. These are placed above
the burner or jet (Fig. 3) at such a height as will allow the flame of the
gas to play freely on their under surfaces, when great heat will be
gencrated.

page_text: The sixth part of my Invention relates to the use of a reflector or
refractor in connection with the burner (L, Fig. 1) made of any suitable
material' and shape. for the purpose of distributing the deflections or
refractions of light either in a regular or scatter'd manner:
The seventh part of my Invention consists in forming a chamber (Q)
within' or above the circle of light so as to heat the gas before its exit
for ignition. This chamber may be made also to answer the purpose of
the reflector described in the last paragraph by having a suitable exterior
form given to it,, see Fig. 5. M, Fig. 1, is a nipple screwed into the
bottom of the tube I, and according to the size of the aperture therein
regulates the quantity of gas supplied for combustion, and O, O, are
apertures for the admission of air to the burner, the quantity so admitted
being regulated at pleasure by means of the slide P, which by being
raised or lowered will increase or diminish the size of the said apertures
as required, a large admission of air being necessary where heat is
required, and but a small quantity where the object is to obtain
light.
'
Figs. 6 to 10 shew different forms and applications of parts of my
Invention; Fig. 6 is a vertical section of a burner or series of burners
formed of concentric rings or hollow discs perforated round their cir-
cumferences or supplied with nipples placed one directly above the
other, and sufficiently near for the two rows of jets to impinge one
against the other. A reflector placed above and provided with suitable
holes for ventilation as required may also be used in connection there-
with; Figs. 7-to-10-shew-burners--of a globular, hemispherical, conical,
or other form perforated with a series of apertures for the emission of
gas, such apertures being so made that in each pair of rows at least they
shall be directly over one another and sufficiently near for the two rows
of jets to impinge one-against the other. For the combination of
burners known as sun lights I usually employ a burner such-as-is-shewn
-at-Fig. 10 for the centre light, and surround it by those of a smaller size
-suchi-as-shewn at Figs. 7, 8, & 9, each or all of which may be provided
-with-reflectors-or-refractors as required..
Having therefore thus particularly described and ascertained the
nature of this my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is
to or may be performed, I would observe in conclusion that I do not
confine myself to the precise details herein set forth, as the same may
be subject to various modifications without departing from the principal

page_text: or main features of my said Invention, and also that it is not at all
essential that the whole of my improvements be applied to one burner
or be used together, as any one of the same may be used in connection
with or applied to burners of ordinary construction, or any two or more
of them may be used together; but what I claim as my Invention and
desire to secure by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
improvements in gas burners for lighting and heating purposes, sub-
stantially as herein-before set forth and described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Weightman Harrison, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
C. WEIGHTMAN HARRISON. (L.S.)