Improvements in Cigarettes, and Method of Making the same.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cigarettes, and Method of Making the same.
I, LEWIS HERMAN SONDHEIM of 767, Fifth Avenue, New York City, in the
County and State of New York, United States of America, Broker, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide an improved mouthpiece on cigarettes
by treating the tobacco filling at one end thereof with a binding substance so that
it will be bound together and solidified to back the wrapper on the inside of same,
said solidified filling extending forward from the extreme end for a sufficient
distance to impart transverse strength and resistance to the mouthpiece at the point
usually pressed upon by the teeth in smoking. Thus the cigarette may be held
firmly between the teeth if desired, without the mouthpiece being disintegrated,
particles of tobacco will be prevented from being detached and adhering to the lips
or tongue of the smoker, and a smooth and desirable end finish will be given the
tobacco. The exterior surface of the mouthpiece may consist simply of the end
part of the cigarette wrapper permeated and rendered saliva proof by the binding
substance applied to the tobacco on the inside thereof but preferably a coating or
covering on the outside of the cigarette wrapper is employed with the interiorly
solidified filling, the whole forming an integral mouthpiece on the cigarette. The
binding substance for treating the tobacco may be wax, paraffine, resin, shellac,
waterglass, or any substance which liquifies by heat and hardens when cold or
which will harden by drying from a liquid state. The exterior covering which is
employed for the purpose of concealing the appearance of the tobacco through the
permeated cigarette wrapper, may be a colouring substance or any other opaque
material such as thin metal leaf, cork, paper, etc. and said covering may be applied
prior to treating the tobacco, or the process may be reversed, or the two may be
done simultaneously by mixing a colouring matter with the binding substance to
impart to same the body and opacity to form a suitable exterior coating.
The cigarette may be of ordinary form having a paper or other thin wrapper
filled with tobacco or any loose filling, the end being open. When the interior
binding substance is wax or the like the same is placed in a vessel and melted, as
by a lamp, and the end of the cigarette is immersed therein and allowed to soak in
the substance until the latter is absorbed by and permeates the tobacco to the
desired extent, the material being heated to such a degree as readily to respond to
capillary force. If an outside covering substance is to be used the same is either
applied to the cigarette end prior to the act of dipping, when same will be rendered
saliva-proof by the action of the binding liquid thereon or it is applied after the
binding liquid has hardened, in which case a substance should be used which is
itselt saliva-proof. Preferably said covering substance is applied to a distance
beyond the point to which the binding substance permeates the tobacco thereby
forming the exterior coating. If desired however the exterior coating and interior
binding substance may extend coequally. In withdrawing the cigarette from the
binding substarce it is done slowly to equally distribute the same on and smooth
the exterior surface. By these means a practically solid mouthpiece is formed and
the particles of tobacco at the end of the cigarette are hardened and bound into a
practically homogeneous body whereby the particles of tobacco will be prevented

page_text: from adhering to the lips and tongue of the smoker and from being drawn into the
mouth. The solidifying of the tobacco at the end will also practically prevent the
saliva from reaching the loose tobacco and combining with the nicotine. Further
the solidified tobacco at the end will better sustain the wrapper against the
tendency to be broken in the process of smoking as it more unyieldingly backs the
wrapper and its coating. The use of wax has the advantage that it will cool and
harden quickly and the tobacco beyond the solidified filling forming the mouthpiece
will not have its flavour affected by moisture or vapour from the solidifying
material. Besides the wax enables the mouthpiece to be readily moulded or shaped
such as by the shaping or forming devices hereinafter described and with the
application of a minimum degree of heat.
It may be desirable with some substances to cause the binding substance to be
drawn into the cigarette by an air pump or suction device as will be readily under-
stood. After the material has permeated the tobacco to the desired extent the
cigarette is allowed to stand until the applied substance hardens or partially
hardens in which form the end is a practically solid body transversely for sustaining
itself at every point against transverse pressure. One or more draught apertures
are now formed in the solidified end and the end surface is smoothed as hereinafter
explained, the apertures however not being sufficient to materially lessen the
transverse strength of the mouthpiece.
The apparatus for finishing the mouthpiece comprises a spindle suitably rotated,
a pointed boring tool or device being formed or secured at one end and at the base of
such tool a cup-shaped former is carried by the spindle. Also in some cases a
suitable lamp or other source of heat is provided for heating the tool and former.
By this means when the spindle is rotated and the cigarette pressed against the
boring tool and finally against the former the mouthpiece formed by the solidified
tobacco will be pierced and the end will be smoothed and given a somewhat
rounded form.
In a slightly modified form of the apparatus the boring tool is flattened at the
base to form a widened orifice and a reduced rounded inner end to such orifice.
With this form of tool the former is formed on a sleeve that rotates on a fixed
spindle carrying the flattened boring tool. The former may also consist of a flat
plate. When the heated tool is employed the end of the cigarette is moistened to
prevent adhesion of the filling and binding substance. If the end of the cigarette
were not pressed against by the former when the binding substance became hard
there would be left numerous projections that would give a roughened end surface
which would be very objectionable.
Dated this 10th day of March 180
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, Loudon, Chartered Patent Agents.
.
Improvements in Cigarettes, and Method of Making the same.
I LEWIS HERMAN SONDHEIM, Broker, of 767 Fifth Avenue, New York
City, in the County and State of New York, United States of America do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of my invention is to provide an improved mouthpiece on cigarettes
by treating the tobacco filling at one end thereof with a binding substance, so that
it will be bound together and solidified to back the wrapper on the inside of same,
I

page_text: said solidified filling extending forward from the extreme end for a sufficient
distance to impart transverse strength and resistance to the mouthpiece at the point
usually pressed upon by the teeth in smoking. Thus the cigarette may be held firmly
between the teeth if desired, without the mouthpiece being disintegrated, particles
of tobacco will be prevented from being detached and adhering to the lips or
tongue of the smoker, and a smooth and desirable end finish will be given the
tobacco.
The exterior surface of the mouthpiece may consist simply of the end part of
the cigarette wrapper permeated and rendered saliva proof by the binding
substance applied to the tobacco on the inside thereof, but preferably a coating
or covering on the outside of the cigarette wrapper is employed with the interiorly
solidified filling, the whole forming an improved integral and very desirable
mouthpiece on the cigarette. The binding substance for treating the tobacco
may be wax, paraffine, resin, shellac, waterglass or any substance which liquifies
by heat and hardens when cold or which will harden by drying from a liquid
state. The exterior covering which is employed for the purpose of concealing
the appearance of the tobacco through the permeated cigarette wrapper, may be
a coloring substance or any other opaque material such as thin metal leat, cork,
paper, etc., and said covering may be applied prior to treating the tobacco, or
the process may be reversed, or the two may be done simultaneously by mixing
a coloring matter with the binding substance, to impart to same the body and
opacity to form a suitable exterior coating.
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter and then defined in the
claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts
in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a cigarette having a mouthpiece produced in
accordance with my invention;
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a simple form of apparatus that may be
employed, and showing a cigarette being dipped;
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but showing a device for applying the
liquid substance by suction;
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section showing a cigarette with the mouthpiece
partly finished;
Figure 5 is a sectional side elevation of an apparatus for finishing the mouth-
piece, the cigarette being shown in longitudinal section;
Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 but showing a slight modification of the
apparatus;
Figure 7 is a cross section taken through the cigarette shown in Figure 1, on
line 7-7; and
Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 are cross sectional views of the cigarette, taken
respectively on the lines 8-8; 9-9; 10-10; and 11-11, Figure 6.
The cigarette A may be of ordinary form, having a paper or other thin
wrapper a filled with tobacco b or any loose filling, the end being open. Herein-
after I will refer to the filling as tobacco, for brevity.
When the interior binding substance is wax or the like, the same is placed in a
vessel C, for instance, and melted as by a lamp C', and the end of the cigarette is
immersed therein to the desired extent, as for instance to the point a', and the said
end is allowed to soak in the substance until the latter is absorbed by and
permeates the tobacco to the desired extent, the material being heated to such a
degree as readily to respond to capillary force.
If an outside covering substance is to be used the same is either applied to the
cigarette end prior to the act of dipping, when sume will be rendered saliva proof
by the action of the binding liquid thereon or it is applied after the binding
liquid has hardened, in which case a substance should be used, which in itself is
saliva proof. Preferably said covering substance is applied to a distance beyond

page_text: the point to which the binding substance permeates the tobacco, thereby forming
the exterior coating B¹. If desired, however, the exterior coating and interior
binding substance may extend co-equally. In withdrawing the cigarette from the
binding substance it is done slowly, to equally distribute the same on and smooth
the exterior surface. By these means a practically solid mouthpiece is formed and
the particles of tobacco at the end of the cigarette are hardened and bound into a
practically homogeneous body, whereby the particles of tobacco will be prevented
from adhering to the lips and tongue of the smoker and from being drawn into the
month. The solidifying of the tobacco at the end as at B will also practically
prevent the saliva from reaching the loose tobacco and combining with the nicotine.
Further, the solidified tobacco at the end will better sustain the wrapper against
the tendency to be broken in the process of smoking, as it more unyieldingly backs
the wrapper and its coating. The use of wax has the advantage that it will cool
and harden quickly and the tobacco beyond the solidified filling forming the
mouthpiece will not have its flavour affected by moisture or vapours from the
solidifying material. Besides the wax enables the mouthpiece to be readily
moulded or shaped, such as by the shaping or forming devices hereinafter
described and with the application of a minimum degree of heat.
It may be desirable with some substances to cause the binding substance to be
drawn into the cigarette by an air pump or suction device D, as will readily be
understood.
After the material has permeated the tobacco to the desired extent, the cigarette
is allowed to stand until the applied substance hardens or partially hardens, in
which form the end is a practically solid body transversely for sustaining itself at
every point against transverse pressure. One or more draft apertures are now
formed in the solidified end, and the end surface is smoothed as hereinafter
explained, the apertures, however, not being sufficient to materially lessen the
transverse strength of the mouthpiece.
The apparatus shown in Figure 5 comprises a spindle E suitably rotated as by a
belt e, a pointed boring tool or device E being formed or secured at one end, and
at the base of such tool E', a cup shaped former E is carried by the spindle. Also
in some cases, a suitable lamp F or other source of heat is provided for heating the
tool and former. By this means, when the spindle is rotated, and the cigarette A
pressed against the tool E' and finally against the former E, as in Figure 5, the
mouthpiece formed by the solidified tobacco will be pierced as at a³, Figures 1
and 7, and also the end will be smoothed and given a somewhat rounding form, as
will appear from Figure 1, leaving it in a desirable finished form.
In the apparatus shown in Figure 6, the tool E3 is flattened at the base to form
a widened orifice as, Figure 8, and a reduced, rounded inner end a to such orifice.
With this form of tool the former E, is formed on a sleeve E' that rotates on the
fixed spindle E carrying the flattened tool E3. The former may also consist of a
flat plate as in Figure 6. When the heated tool is employed the end of the
cigarette is moistened to prevent adhesion of the filling and binding substance.
If the end of the cigarette were not pressed against, as by the former E² or E',
when the binding substance became hard there would be left numerous projections
that would give a roughened end surface which would be very objectionable.
It will be understood that the apparatus shown is merely for the purpose of
showing the simplest means for carrying out my invention. Any suitable apparatus
will be employed in practice. I do not confine myself to the shape of tools shown,
nor to the application of pressure simply upon the end and edge of the mouthpiece,
but consider the application of pressure to smooth, form or shape the mouthpiece
in any way, after the binding substance has been applied to the filling, as within
the scope of my invention.
I am aware of the fact, that mouthpieces have heretofore been formed ou
cigarettes, by coating or covering the wrapper at one end with various materials or
substances, but this was done in such way as to leave the tobacco filling within
such covered and in its natural state as much as possible, the coated or covered

page_text: wrapper forming a simple shell over same, and while said wrapper at such end was
thereby rendered saliva proof, it would remain liable to be crashed inward upon
the loose tobacco filling, when pressed upon by the smoker, particles of the tobacco
would be forced or drop from the end of the cigarette into the mouth, while the
saliva having free access to said louse tobacco by its close proximity thereto, would
be drawn into same by capillary force and would return to the mouth tainted with
nicotine through the suction excited in drawing out smoke.
My invention distinguishes itself from the mentioned known methods, in that
I not merely render the wrapper or outside covering at the mouth end of the
cigarette saliva proof, but in addition thereto, I transform the loose filling, lying
within said saliva proof covering, or a material part thereof, into a solidified mass,
impervious to moisture by hardening same through permeation with binding
substances, so that the solidified filling will hack the covering from the inside
thereof for a substantial depth, sufficient to provide a proper hold upon the
cigarette for the mouth of the smoker, and sustain it against the transverse pressure.
exerted upon same, and while I form one or more apertures in the said solidified
mass for the passage of smoke, said aperture, being of greater length than diameter,
will practically prevent access of the saliva to the tobacco forward of the solidified
mass, the latter forming a harrier, which is of such a depth as to allo v the
formation of holes through same of sufficient diameter to permit free passage of
smoke yet greater in length than width, thereby preventing the entrance of the
saliva as before mentioned. The said barrier also serves to prevent particles of
the loose tobacco forward of the solidified part from reaching the mouth of the
smoker.
While the aperture is shown tapering, yet it may be straight or any other shape,
so long as the diameter of its inner end is less than the depth of the mass forming
the walls of the said aperture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,-
1. As a new article of manufacture, a cigarette having at one end an integral
mouthpiece, the outer surface of which consists of a saliva proof cover, and the
interior of which mouthpiece is formed of a portion of the tobacco filling within
said cover, permeated and solidified into a homogeneous mass by a binding substance,
the solidified filling extending forward from the extreme end of the cigarette and
forming a substantial backing for the saliva proof cover for a material distance
therein, to sustain such cover against transverse pressure, said solidified part having.
a smoke passage, substantially as described.
2. As a new article of manufacture, a cigarette having at one end thereof an
integral mouthpiece, the surface of which consists of a saliva proof cover, and the
interior of which is formed of a portion of the tobacco within said cover, permented
and solidified into a homogeneous mass by paraffine or other wax, the solidified
filling extending forward from the extreme end of the cigarette and forming a
substantial backing for the saliva proof cover for a material distance therein, to
sustain such cover against transverse pressure, said solidified part having a smoke
passage, substantially as described.
3. As a new article of manufacture, a cigarette having a mouthpiece, consisting
of a covering on the outside of the wrapper at the mouth end of the cigarette, and
of a material portion of the tobacco lying within said covered part of the wrapper,
permeated and bound into a solidified, homogeneous mass by a binding substance,
the said interior mass forming a substantial backing for the wrapper and the outside
covering against the transverse pressure exerted upon the same in smoking, said
mass having a smoke paasage, substantially as described.
4. As a new article of manufacture, a cigarette having its filling at one end
solidified into a homogeneous mass by a binding substance to form a mouthpiece,
the solidified mass being provided with an aperture for the passage of smoke and

page_text: said mass which forms the walls of the aperture being of a greater depth than the
diameter of the aperture at its inner end, whereby the tobacco will be prevented
from falling out and the saliva prevented from entering the cigarette, substantially
as described.
5. As a new article of manufacture, a cigarette having a material portion of its
filling at one end combined with a binding substance to solidify same and form
a well defined barrier, said barrier having a smoke orifice, substantially as
described.
6. The herein described method of forming mouthpieces on cigarettes, consisting
in applying a binding substance to the filling at one end in such manner that said
substance will permeate the filling and combine with same into a solidified mass to
a material distance inward from said end to form a firm backing for the wrapper
against the transverse pressure exerted, when the cigarette is held between the
teeth, and piercing said mass longitudinally for the passage of smoke, substantially
as described.
7. The herein described method of forming mouthpieces on cigarettes consisting
in applying to the filling at one end paraffine or other wax heated to a degree that
it will readily permeate the filling and thereby effect a solidification of the filling
for a material distance and thus form a firm backing for the wrapper against
transverse pressure, and piercing same for the passage of smoke, substantially as
described.
8. The herein described method of forming mouthpieces on cigarettes, consisting
in applying a binding substance to the filling at one end to form a substantial
solidified barrier on the cigarette at said end, providing a saliva proof covering
around such solidified end, and piercing said solidified end longitudinally for the
passage of the smoke, substantially as described.
9. The berein described method of forming mouthpieces on cigarettes, consisting
in applying a binding substance to a material portion of the filling at one end to
solidify same, shaping and smoothing said solidified end by pressure and forming a
smoke passage in the said eud, substantially as described.
10. The herein described method of forming mouthpieces on cigarettes, consisting
in applying a binding substance to the filling at one end to solidify the same and
form a well defined barrier for the purpose set forth, and piercing said solidified
end in the presence of heat, substantially as described.
11. The herein described method of forming mouthpieces on cigarettes, consisting
in applying a binding substance to the filling, at one end, to permeate and solidify
same, and form a well defined barrier for the purpose set forth, subjecting said
solidified end to pressure in the presence of heat and piercing said end, substantially
as described.
12. The herein described method of forming mouthpieces on cigarettes, consisting
in applying a binding substance to the filling at one end and drawing the same into
the cigarette by suction, whereby a well defined barrier for the purpose set forth
will be formed and piercing said barrier, as described.
Dated this 9th day of December 1896.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.