Year: 1886

page_text: We, EDMUND ASHBY, of Southampton in the same town, Cement Manufacturer,
and ALFRED ASHBY, of Grantham in the County of Lincoln, Surgeon, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to a construction of and mode of working cement kilns in
such a manner as to prevent evolution of offensive fumes, as we will describe
referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate the application of our
invention to a kiln of rectangular form, Fig. 1 being a vertical section and Fig. 2 a
sectional plan.
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On each side on or under the floor level we provide fire places A which are
partly covered by a series of brick arches D leaving intervals between them. In
the centre under the floor we provide a flue B leading to a suitable chimney shaft,
and having several openings C through its roof. The upper part of the kiln is made
with an opening and damper E and manhole F in the usual way. It may be
readily understood that although we have shewn a rectangular form of kiln as a
convenient form, our invention could be applied to kilns of other-shapes, and
existing kilns which are usually made contracted towards the bottom may be
modified to suit our mode of working by cutting down the internal lining so as to
get an extended floor space.
We work the kiln in the following manner:
We charge the fire places A with fuel, and on the floor we lay lumps of raw
cement with a little coke or other fuel, taking care to bridge roughly over the
openings between the arches over A and the openings C over the flue B, taking
care also to provide rough channels or leads indicated by the dotted lines G to
serve as communications from A to B on the floor level. Over the first layer of
raw cement and coke or other fuel we pile other layers of cement lumps and fuel
either in layers or otherwise until a height of several feet is attained. We then,
having opened the damper E and closed a damper in the flue B, light the fires A,
and when they are fairly kindled we close E and open the damper of B. The hot
products of combustion from these fires ascend at the sides through the material
above and descend in the middle, portions also finding their way across from the
sides to the middle, and the fumes pass away by the flue B to the chimney shaft

page_text: whence they are emitted in a comparatively inoffensive condition. When the
charge is baked but not burnt, we open E and close B until the charge is so hot at
the top as to shew that it is burnt or nearly so, and then additional charges are
from time to time filled in by the manhole F, of cement lumps and fuel, the
damper E being closed and B opened after each such charge. Finally, when the
kiln has received its full charge and the last supplied has been baked, the damper
of B is closed and E is opened and thereupon the heat of the lowest part of the
charge with the combustion of the fuel in the upper layer effects the burning of
all the charge. After cooling, the contents are withdrawn by the door H at the
bottom.
By this mode of working, the fumes evolved from each fresh layer of charge
have to pass through the hot material below, and are there so acted on that they
are rendered inoffensive.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :
The construction of and mode of working cement kilns, substantially as and for
the purposes herein set forth.