Improvements in Type-writers or Writing Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 21st Dec., 1889;
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writers or Writing Machines.
I, GODFREY HENRY LASAR, Manufacturer of Type-Writers, of the City of St. Louis,
in the State of Missouri, one of the United States of North America, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification,
and in which :-
Figure 1 is a top or plan view of my improved machine.
Figure 2 is a front elevation, with part of the guard plate removed.
Figure 3 is a section taken horizontally through the machine.
Figure 4 is a rear elevation of the machine.
Figures 5 and 6 are vertical sections, taken on line 5--5, figure 4; figure 5 showing
all of the type bars in their raised position, and figure 6 showing one of the type bars
down in printing position.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of the carriage.
Figure 8 is an enlarged dotailed perspective view, showing one end of the
carriage.
Figure 9 is an enlarged detail view, showing part of the carriage, part of the front
rail, and part of the ratchet bar.
Figure 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the arm for adjusting the clip for
more or less tension.
Figure 11 is an enlarged perspective view of the dog or pawl of the arm in
figure 10.
Figure 12 is an enlarged perspective view, showing part of the rear rod of the
carriage, and one of the arms that support the clip.
Figure 13 is an enlarged perspective view of the guide rod of the carriage, and
which supports the bell and stop.
Figure 14 is an enlarged detail perspective view, showing the end of the lever for
turning the platen of the carriage.
Figure 15 is an enlarged detail perspective view showing the escapement, or the
mechanism for allowing the end movement of the carriage, as each letter or character
is printed.
Figures 16 and 17 are detail sections of the same; figure 16 being taken on
line 16-16, figure 18, and figure 17 being taken on line 17-17, figure 19.
Figures 18 and 19 are enlarged elevations of the same parts.
Figure 20 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the dogs of the escape-
ment, and
Figure 21 is an enlarged perspective view of the other dog of the escapement.
Figure 22 is a section of the escapement, taken on line 22-22, figure 18.
Figure 23 is an enlarged perspective view of the double acting spring of the
escapement.
Figure 24 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the plate of the escapement
that carries the dogs.
Figure 25 is an enlarged end view, and also an enlarged detail section of the upper
end of the screw threaded rod for adjusting the spring of the escapement.
Figure 26 is an enlarged detail view, showing one end of the carriage just before
the tripping of the bell.
Figure 27 is a similar view, showing the parts in the position they occupy just
after the bell has been tripped.
Figure 28 is an enlarged end view of the carriage.

page_text: Figure 50 is an enlarged view, showing the trip
Figure 31 is a similar view showing the parts in a different position.
Figure 32 is a transverse section through the clamp for holding the bell to the
supporting rod.
Figure 33 is a view showing the head by which the hammer of the bell is pivotted
to its support.
Figure 34 is a section of the same.
Figure 35 is a view of the dog of the trip, and
Figure 36 is a section, taken longitudinally through the dog
Figure 37 is a perspective view of the pointer.
Figure 38 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the ribbon holder.
Figure 39 is an enlarged section through the platen of the carriage and the
ribbon holder.
Figure 40 is a like view, showing the parts in a different position.
Figure 41 is an enlarged perspective view, showing part of the bell supporting or
guide rail, and the stop for limiting the movement of the carriage.
Figure 42 is a section of same.
Figure 43 is a detail top view of the ribbon mechanism.
Figure 44 is a rear elevation of same.
Figure 45 is a front elevation of same.
Figure 46 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the same.
Figure 47 is a section, taken on line 47-47, figure 44.
Figure 48 is an enlarged perspective view of the bracket for receiving the shifting
block of the ribbon mechanism.
Figure 49 is an enlarged perspective view of the block.
Figure 49 is a detail perspective view, showing the inner end of the shifting rod.
Figure 50 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the ratchet wheels of the
ribbon holder.
Figure 51 is an enlarged detail view, showing part of one of the ratchet wheels,
and parts of the operating pawls.
Figure 52 is an enlarged section, taken on line 52-52, figure 43.
Figure 53 is an enlarged elevation of the shifting rod of the ribbon holder.
Figure 54 is an enlarged perspective view of the main casting or frame of the
ribbon holder.
Figure 55 is an enlarged perspective view of the pawls of the ribbon holder.
Figure 56 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the tension hanger of the
ribbon holder.
Figure 57 is a detail section of same.
Figure 58 is an enlarged perspective view, showing the tension rod of the ribbon
holder.
Figure 59 is an enlarged perspective view of the tension levers of the ribbon
holder.
Figure 60 is an enlarged perspective view of the spring rod of the ribbon holder.
Figure 61 is an enlarged perspective view of the key bar of the ribbon holder.
Figure 62 is an enlarged perspective view of the lever connecting the ribbon
holder to the escapement plate.
Figure 63 is a top view of the carriage supporting frame.
Figure 64 is a detail section taken on line 64-64, figure 63.
Figure 65 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the type bars.
Figure 66 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the types.
Figure 67 is an enlarged perspective view, showing part of one of the key levers,
and its clip.
Figure 68 is a section of same.
Figure 69 is a view of one of the rods or wires for connecting the type bars to the
l.cy levers.

page_text: Figure 70 is an edge view of same.
Figure 71 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the screw hooks for connecting
the rods to the key levers.
Figure 72 is a section of same, showing part of one of the rods.
Figure 73 is a perspective view of the escapement frame, located beneath the key
levers to assist in raising them.
Figure 74 is a section of same, taken on line 74-74, figure 73.
Figure 75 is a detail view, showing one of the key levers, and the manner of con-
necting the stems to the keys.
Figure 76 is a section through one of the keys or finger pieces.
Figure 77 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the spacer levers.
Figure 78 is a detail perspective view, showing the lower end of the escapement
plate.
Figure 79 is a perspective view of part of the frame that is placed beneath a type
writer to give it the desired inclination.
Figure 80 is a detail perspective view of same.
Figure 81 is a rear view of same.
Figure 82 is an elevation of same, showing it in its lower or non-using position.
Figure 83 is an elevation, showing it in its raised or using position.
Figure 84 is a front elevation of same.
Figure 85 is a detail section of same, and
Figure 86 is a section through the base of the machine, showing the throw-out key
lever and its supporting spring.
Figure 87 is a detail view of the throw out lever.
Figure 88 is a detail view, showing the pivotted plate, for holding the key of the
ribbon holder, depressed.
My invention relates to certain improvements in type writers or writing machines,
and my invention consists in features of novelty hereinafter fully described and pointed
out in the claims.
1 represents the base of the machine, to the rear end of which are secured standards 2,
supporting a rod 3, upon which the key levers 4, for printing, are pivotted. The
levers 4 are provided, at their front ends, with keys or finger pieces 5, upon which are
marked letters, figures or characters, as usual. Beneath the keys is a frame 6, which
is best illustrated in figure 73. It consists of a front bar 7, ends 8, and a rear bar 9.
The ends 8 are perforated at 10 to receive the shaft or rod 3, and the frame thus has
a pivotal support.
The front bar 7 extends beneath all of the keys 4, as shown in Figures 3, 5
and 6, and it is held in an elevated position by means of an escapement plate 11,
which engages with the front bar 7, and a spring 12 that connects the escapement
plate to the carriage supporting frame 100. The bar 7 is preferably provided with
down turned edge flanges 14, (see figure 74), forming a kind of channel bar,
which receives the lower lip or projection 15 on a head 16 of the escapement
plate 11, the lip being provided with an elongated face 17. Above the lip 15 is
a second lip or projection 18 that rests upon the upper edge of the bar 7 (see
Figures 5 and 6). The elongated face 17 fits snugly within the channel of the
bar 7, and, after it has been inserted, the lip 18 is slightly sprung downward,
whereby is formed a secure fitting attachment between the escapement plate and
the frame 6.
The tendency of the spring 12 is to lift upwardly on the escapement plate, and
accordingly on the free end of the frame 6.
The upper end of the escapement plate 11 is formed, as
an upper lateral flange 19 and a lower lateral flange 20.
fits, and is pivotted, a dog 21, (see Figure 20), which is
receive a second dog 23 (see figure 21).
shown in Figure 24, with
Between these two flanges
recessed, as shown at 22 to
24 represents the pin which pivots the dogs of the escapement plate, see figure 18.
When the escapement plate is pulled or moved to its upper position by the

page_text: spring 12, the dog 23 engages the ratchet teeth 25 of a rack 26, secured and
carried by the carriage of the machine. When a key is operated, and the escape-
ment plate is forced down, the dog 23 is disengaged from the ratchet teeth 25 and
the dog 21 will be brought into engagement with the keys, and at this time the
dog 23 is thrown forward, into the position shown in figure 17, by means of a
spring 28, (see figure 23), which is secured to the escapement plate at 29, (see
Figures 18 and 19). The distance the dog is thrown forward is equal to the
distance between the respective teeth 25, so that when the escapement plate is
elevated again, by the spring 12, the dog 23 will engage the next notch to that
last occupied by it, so that when the dog 21 leaves the tooth which was last
occupied of course by the dog 23, the carriage will be moved forward under the
influence of its operating spring 30 (see Figures 4, 5 and 6), the distance of one
notch, which is the distance between the letters printed. The outward movement
of the dog 23, under the influence of the spring 28, is limited by means of a
projection 31 on the dog 21. The dog 21 simply moves up and down with the
escapement plate 11, and does not turn upon its pivot, except when the carriage is
run back, when it will turn upon its pivot, allowing this movement of the carriage.
It is held from turning on its pivot (except when the carriage is run back) by
means of the spring 28.
In order to make the spring 28 so that it will thus operate on the two dogs, that is,
to force the dog 23 outward at each operation, and to hold the dog 21 in its normal
position (except when the carriage is run back, and then allow it to yield), I have
made the spring 28 double acting, by providing it with two wings 32, 33. The
wing 32 is the one that forces the dog 23 forward each time the escapement plate is
lowered, and the wing 33 is the one that operates the dog 21, as explained.
As the escapement plate is constantly moving in a vertical direction, while the
machine is being operated, it is desirable to have some means for holding it in a vertical
position, which will not act to retard its movement by too much friction. This is
accomplished by means of a segment 34 pivotted on a journal 35, which is connected
to the carriage supporting frame 100. As the escapement plate moves up and down,
the segment 34 simply rocks on its bearing 35, thus offering scarcely any resistance
to the movement of the plate. The plate is held against the segment by means of a
pin or screw 37 fitting in a hole 38 made in the plate (see figures 18, 22 and 24).
The object of making the hole and pin connection between the plate and segment is to
prevent the outer end of the segment from falling, and to provide such a connection
as will not interfere with the free operation of the parts.
The upper end of the spring 12 is provided with a threaded rod 38 which passes
through a lug 39 on the frame 100 and which is provided with a thumb nut 40, by
which the tension of the spring may he regulated. To keep the rod 38" from turning,
as the screw 40 is tightened or loosened, I make it non-circular in transverse section,
as shown, and make the hole through the lug 39 of a corresponding shape.
I will now describe the construction of the carriage of my improved machine, and
the manner of supporting and connecting it to the main frame 41 of the machine.
27 represents the roller, or platen, which is mounted or journalled in end pieces 42,
and one end of which is provided with a ratchet wheel 43.
In the ends 42 is journalled a rod or shaft 44, to which is secured a clip 45
extending the full length of the roller: the connection between the clip and the rod
being made by means of arms 46 rigidly secured to the rod at 47, and to which the
clip is pivotted at 48 near the front edge of the clip. Back of the point of con-
nection 48, the clip has a slot and pin connection 49 with the arms 46, as shown in
figures 7 and 8.
The construction of the clip in transverse section is shown best in figures 39
and 40. It consists of two pieces, the lower one being indicated in figures 39
and 40 by the numeral 50, and the upper one by the numeral 51. It is only the
upper part 1 of the clip that is connected to the arms 46, the lower part being
made fast to the ends 42 of the carriage. The lower edge of the upper part of

page_text: the clip is provided with a roller 52 that bears upon the platen 27, except when
the paper is inserted between them. The principal object of the lower part of the
platen is to direct the sheet of paper (which is inserted, as indicated by the dottel
arrow in figure 39) in between the roller 52 and the platen 27. When it has thus
passed between the roller and platen, it is carried on between the platen and the
part 51 of the clip, by turning the platen, for which purpose it is provided with a
thumb button or piece 54 (see figure 26). Not only does the roller 52 pross the paper
between it and the platen, but the upper edge of the part 51 of the clip, also presses
the paper upon the platen, so that a secure and rigid bearing is had between the two,
and a positive feed of the paper is the result.
The desired amount of friction between the clip and the platen, is attained by
means of a lever 55 rigidly secured to one end of the rod 44, and which is provided
with a dog 56 that engages the notches or teeth 57 on one of the ends 42. The shape
of the lever 55 is shown best in figure 10, its free end having a groove or recess 58
to receive the dog 56, the two being pivotted together by a pin 59 (see figure 28).
The dog has a stem 60, which projects beyond the end of the lever 55, so that by
pressing on this stem, the dog may be disengaged from the notches or teeth 57, into
engagement with which it is held by a spring 57. By pressing on the free end of
the lever, without touching the stem of the dog, the lever will be depressed, forcing
the clip, which, as already stated, is securely fastened to the rod 44, against the
platen the dog slipping over the notches and holding the lever to any adjustment.
1 am thus enabled to get any desired amount of friction between the platen and
clip.
3
One of the arms 46 is shown plainly in figure 12, where 48 and 49 represent
the point of connection between the clip and the arm.
At the end of the roller 27 which carries the wheel 43, is secured to the carriage
an arm 65 that is formed, as shown in figure 7, with a bend at 66, a curve from 66 to
a point at 67, and a bend at 67 which forms a projection 68. Located over this arm,
and pivotted thereto at 69 is a lever 70. The lever is preferably bent to conform in
shape with the arm 65, and it is provided with a projection 71, at its outer end, while
its inner end is bent in an upward direction from the pivot 69 so as to engage with
the ratchet teeth of the wheel 43.
72 represents a keeper for holding the free end of the lever 70 in close proximity
to the free end of the arm 65.
73, (see figure 8) represents a spring secured to the arm 65, and the function of
which is to hold the inner end of the lever 70 back against a shoulder 74 of the
end 42, except when the lever is pushed forward by pressure applied to it outer
end 71.
Each time the platen or roller of the carriage is to be revolved to feed the paper
the space of one line, pressure is applied to the end 71 of the lever 70, which moves
the outer end of the lever in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 7. This
moves the inner end of the lever in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 8,
and causes the platen or roller to be turned the distance of one line. As soon as the
free end of the lever 70 is released, the spring 73 moves the inner end of the lever
back against the shoulder 74, thus causing it to engage the next tooth of the ratchet
wheel 43, so as to turn the platen or roller again, when another line has been written,
and it is necessary to shift the paper again. Each time the lever is thus moved, its
inner end comes against a stop 75, which is pivotted at 76 to the arm 65. The stop
is heart shaped and is pivotted near its point with one of its faces farther from the
arm, so that either face inay be turned towards the arm. It is so formed that one of
the faces will be, when presented to the lever, farther from the lever than the other
face. The object of this is to allow the platen to be turned a greater or less distance
as desired. When the stop is turned with one of its faces towards the lever, the lever
will move the platen or roller the distance of one notch on the wheel 43 before it
comes against the stop. If the other face of the stop is turned towards the lever,
the latter will move the platen or roller the distance of two notches before coming

page_text: This
against the stop. The stop is provided with a pin or handle 77, by which it may be
turned, and it is provided with a lower extension 78, which comes against the arm 65
to limit the movement of the stop when turned in either direction, or when turned
with either face towards the lever. When a line has been written, it is of course
necessary, as usual, to run the carriage back before commencing another line.
is done by pressure applied to the outer end of the lever 70, or to the outer end of
the arm 65. It is usually done by applying pressure to the outer end of the lever, as
the first effect of the pressure would be to turn the platen or roller, as described, to
advance the paper one line, and then the further pressure, not affecting the platen or
roller, would move the carriage back. When, however, it is desired to run the
carriage back, without turning the platen, it may be done by applying pressure to the
outer end of the arm 65. The lever 70 is so shaped that if a downward pressure is
applied to its outer end, it will tilt on its pivot 69, and its inner end will be disengaged
or forced beneath the line of the ratchet teeth of the wheel 43, the object of this
being to disengage the lever, when it is desired to turn the roller 27 by taking hold
of the button 54.
The upper edge of the clip 45 is preferably graduated, as shown in figure 7, and
in connection with this I use a finger 80, (see figure 37) which is secured
a fixed
part of the machine. This finger always points at the printing centre of the machine.
Its shape is fully shown in Figure 37, and its location is shown in Figure 5. Its
function is to indicate where an omitted letter or character is to be inserted, for
instance; supposing a letter or character to be missing at the numeral 70 of the
clip 45, it is only necessary to move the carriage until the "70" is beneath the finger,
when, if the proper key is struck, the proper letter or figure will be inserted.
The carriage is supported at the rear on a rod 81, to which it is connected by lugs
or clips 82 (see figures 5, 6, 13, 26 and 27). The carriage is supported in front on a
bar 83 (see figures 5, 6 and 9), to which it is connected by a clip 84. The clip 84 is
provided with a friction collar 85 that runs on the bar 83, and it is also provided with
a lower extension 84, that hooks beneath the bar. The carriage is thus held firmly
to its support, while it is capable of movement end wise on the support.
The rod 44 passes through a perforation 86 in the clip 84 (see figures 7 and 9).
The rod 81 is graduated (as shown in figures 26 and 27) to indicate the position of
the carriage, and it has a groove 88 (see figure 13) in which fits a feather 89 (see
figure 32) of a clamp 90, to which the bell 91. is secured. The clamp is provided
with a screw 92, by which it may be tightened on the rod 81, the feather fitting in
the groove preventing any liability of the clamp being turned on the rod.
93 represents the hammer of the bell, which is pivotted at 94 to the clamp 90.
It is provided with a pivotted dog 95, which, when the carriage is moving in the
direction indicated by the arrow, figure 26, causes the hammer to be raised by a
projection 95 on the carriage, and when the carriage moves in the other direction,
the dog simply turns on its pivot, allowing the carriage to pass without ringing the
bell (see figure 31). The dog pivotted to a block 96 by which the bell is secured
to the clamp 90. This block and the dog are illustrated in figures 33, 34, 35
and 36. The clamp 90 acts as a stop to limit the movement of the carriage in one
direction by the lug 82 at that end of the carriage coming against the clamp. The
movement of the carriage in the other direction is limited by means of a collar 97
on the rod 81 (see figures 41 and 42), this collar being engaged by the lug 82 on
the other end of the carriage.
The lug 97 is provided with a feather 98 and a set screw 99, by which it is firmly
secured to the rod. The rod 81 is secured to the main frame 41 of the machine by
means of a frame 100. The shape of this frame is best shown in figure 63. It
consists of diagonal ends 101, to which the rod is secured at 102, and a central
portion 103 provided with radial extensions 104 having a block 105 which has dove
tail connection with a projection 106 of the ribbon holder. The frame 100 is secured
to the main frame 41 by screws or otherwise, as shown at 107, figure 4. The
portion 103 of the frame 100 is provided with a perforated lug 108 (see figure 63) to

page_text: which the segment 34 is pivotted, see figure 4, and it is also provided with the lug 39,
as stated. To this part of the frame is also journalled the case 109 carrying the
spring which moves the carriage forward each time a key is operated, after the usual
manner. This spring case is provided with a pawl 110 (see figure 4) to prevent
retrograde movement.
111 represent the type bars. They are journalled in a segment frame 112, which is
slotted at 113 to receive the journals 114 of the type bars. The type bars are
constructed preferably as shown in figure 65, by being made out of a single piece of
metal, to the small end of which the type is secured at 115; the other ends of these
type bars are provided with the journals 114, with a hook 116 to receive the upper
ends of springs 117 and with hooks 118 to receive the upper ends of the rods 119
that connect the type bars to the operating key levers. The hooks 118 are provided
with spring extensions 120 to prevent danger of the rods being disengaged, and have
slots 121 to receive the rods and in which the rods work. The springs 117 serve to
lift the type bars, after they are depressed in printing, and they also serve to support
the key levers 4 when the frame 6 is depressed. The lower ends of the springs 117
are connected at 122 to a flange 123 on the segment 112. The lower onds of the
rods 119 are connected to the key levers 4 by means of clips 124 and hooks 125. The
clips 124 surround the key levers and have eyes 126 into which the hooks 125 are
inserted, (see figure 5), and the hooks have screw threaded connection with the
rods 119 (see figures 71 and 72). This provides for a
very easy and delicate
adjustment of the connection between the type bars and the key lovers, as, by
simply disconnecting the hooks, they may be turned up or down to lengthen or
shorten the connection, and then, when they are connected again, there is absolutely
no danger of their turning on the rods, so that the adjustment would not be
interfered with.
The form of the clips 124 is shown best in figures 67 and 68. They are formed
of a single piece of metal, which surrounds the key levers and have extensions 127
that receive an eyelet in a perforation 126. They are preferably also provided
with integral inturned points 128 by which they are held from slipping on the
lovers.
I will now describe the construction and operation of the ribbon holder. It is
best shown in figures 38 to 63 inclusive. It consists of a frame 140 having a
block 106 dovetailed into the block 105 of the frame 100. The ribbon holder is
thus supported from vertical movement, while it is allowed to move laterally. The
upper end of the frame is provided with lateral extensions 142 on which are
journalled ratchet wheels 143 (see figure 52) the wheels having hubs 144 fitting
over short journals 145 screwed into the extensions 142. The outer end of the hub
of each wheel is reduced to receive a spool 146, upon which the opposite ends of
the ribbon are wound. The spools are held to the hubs of the ratchet wheels by
means of pins 147 (see figure 52) and are thus made to turn with the ratchet wheels.
The wheels and spools are held on the journals 145 by means of springs 148 secured
at their inner ends to the journals, and having hooks 149 on their outer ends, which
engage the outer faces of the hubs 144 and the spools 146. By simply pressing
upward on the springs 148, both the spools and ratchet wheels may be removed, or
the spools may be removed while the ratchet wheels are allowed to remain on the
journals.
150 represents the ribbon, which, as stated, is wound by its opposite ends upon
the spools 146. From the spools the ribbon passes over the platen or roller of the
carriage and is supported in a horizontal position over the platen by means of a
plate 151 having arms 152 with slots 153, through which the ribbon passes. The
arms are slotted at 154 to allow the ribbon to be inserted into the slots 153. Beyond
the arms 152 the plate is provided with a head 155 with projections 156 forming a
notch 17, which receives the ribbon. The head 155 is also provided with rollers 158,
which bear and hold the paper upon the platen as the printing is being done. They
are journalled to wings 159 secured to the head; these wings being made in the
shape of runners, as shown in Figure 38, so that the attachment will be carried

page_text: onto the paper, in case it may be off of the paper at either edge. In other words,
the wings prevent the rollers from getting beneath the paper, and insure their riding
over the paper.
The plate 151 is provided with perforated lugs 160, by which it is secured, by
means of links 194 and 195, to a cross piece 161 on the main frame 140 (see
figure 54), the cross piece 161 having perforations 162 to receive the connecting
rivets.
The ribbon is thus held in a horizontal position over the platen or roller of the
carriage, and the type, in printing, strike upon a portion indicated at 163 in figure 38.
As the machine is being operated, the ribbon is constantly shifted from one spool onto
the other by means of pawls or dogs 164 and 165 (see figure 55) which are held into
engagement with the respective ratchet wheels 143. Both pawls engage each ratchet
wheel (it will be understood that they only engage one at a time) the pawl 164 being
secured to a fixed part of the machine as shown at 166, figure 6, its office being to
prevent any retrograde movement of the ratchet wheels and accordingly of the spools.
The pawl 165 is pivotted at 167 to a lever 168, pivotted at 169 to the main frame 140
of the ribbon holder (see figure 6).
The outer end of the lever 168 has a slot and pin connection 17() with the escape-
ment plate 11. It will thus be seen that each time the escapement plate moves in a
downward direction, the ratchet wheels and spools, moved by the pawl 165, will be
turned the distance of one or more notches, and then, when the escapement plate rises,
the pawl 165 will slip over and engage a notch beyond the one last occupied by it.
Thus the spool is kept turning to wrap the ribbon upon it. When the ribbon has
been thus wrapped upon one of the spools, the pawls are shifted and made to engage
the ratchet wheel of the other spool by means of a rod 171 (see figures 43, 46 and 47).
This rod is secured to a block 172 fitting over a recess 173 of a plate 174 connected
to the frame 140. At the inner end of the slot is a V shaped projection 175, against
which bears the V shaped inner end 176 of the block, and against which the block
is held by a spring 177. The block has a socket or opening 178 through which the
pawls 164 and 165 pass, the block being secured to the pawl 165 at this point. When
the block is on one side of the projection 175, the pawls will engage one of the
ratchet wheels, and when the block is shifted to the other side of the projection, the
pawls will engage the other ratchet wheel. The pawls are thus shifted by means of
the rod 171, which fits in a hole or slot 179 in the block, and which is held from end
movement by means of collars 180. The rod is flattened, as shown in figure 49, so
that when it is inserted into the narrow neck of the slot 179 and turned half-way
round, it cannot accidentally escape. By simply pulling or pushing the rod, the
block 172 may be moved to either side of the projection 175, as, under this pressure,
it will yield in an opposite direction under the influence of the spring 177, and as soon
as it passes the point or apex of the projection, it will be pulled back into place on
the other side of the spring 177. The outer end of the rod is provided with a
button 181 (see figures 3 and 43) and it passes through the main frame 41, by
which its outer end is supported. By this simple method, the pawls may be made
to engage either one of the ratchet wheels at will.
Each pawl is provided with a head or plate 182 for engaging the ratchet wheel, and
the pawl 165 is held into engagement with the wheels by means of the spring 177
pulling the block 172, through which the pawls pass, as stated, in a direction towards
the centre of the ratchet wheel. The pawl 164 is held into engagement with the
ratchet wheel by means of a spring 183, secured to the pawl 164 and bearing by its
free end against the pawl 165. This is shown in figure 55.
While, with the mechanism I have just described, the ribbon is being constantly
moved from one spool onto the other, so that two type never strike consecutively in
the same place, it is also desirable to have the ribbon moveable in a longitudinal
direction relative to the printing roller or platen of the carriage so that its entire
surface or width may be utilized, and the type not allowed to strike always in the
same path. This I accomplish by having the ribbon shifted crosswise of the machine.
This is permitted by the dove tailed connection between the projection 106 on the

page_text: ribbon holder and the block 105 on the frame 100. The holder is thus shifted by
means of a rod 185 having a threaded end 186, which screws into a threaded socket
or hole in the block 106 (see figure 44, and also figures 5 and 6). The outer end of
the rod 185 is provided with a circumferential groove 187, which fits in a slot 188 in
a hanger 189 (see figure 56) the bracket being secured to the main frame 41, as
shown in figure 3. The outer end of the rod 185 is provided with a thumb button 190,
by which it may be turned, and it will thus be seen that by turning on this rod, the
ribbon holder will be shifted laterally in either direction desired.
The ribbon is held over the printing roller or platen of the carriage, or in its normal
position, as shown in figure 6. To permit it to be shifted from over the carriage, I
pivot the plate 151 to the cross piece 161 of the frame 140 by means of parallel links
194 and 195 (see figures 6, 7 and 39). When the ribbon is over the platen or printing
roller, the links 194 bear against the inclined face 196 of the projection 197 on the
head 161, and when the plate 151 is moved back to carry the ribbon from over the
printing roller or platen, the link 195 bears against the inclined face 198 of the
projection 197.
The parts are shown in their forward position in figure 39, and when moved
back, in figure 40. They are thus moved by a key 199 provided with a button 200
(see figures 5, 6 and 61), the button not being shown in the latter figure, but the
perforation to receive its stem being shown at 201. The shape of the key is shown in
figure 61; it is bent so as to protrude between the connecting wires or rods 119 (as
shown in figures 5 and 6); its inner end is provided with a perforation 202 to receive
a pivot or screw 203, by which it is connected to an arm 201 of the frame 140, (see
figure 54). It is also provided with a perforation 205, to receive a pin 206 (see
figure 5) that connects it to the lower end of a rod 207 (see figures 5 and 60). The
rod is connected at its upper end to a projection 2018 on the link 194 (see figures 5,,
39 and 40). The rod 207 is provided near its upper end, with a collar 209, between
which and the inner end of a pivotted lever 211, the spring 210 is placed. The
action of the spring is to throw the plate 151 forward, and to hold it in a forward
position, and it also serves to lift the key 199. For the purpose of regulating the
tension of the spring 210 I pivot the lever 211 as stated, and provide it with a means
for adjusting its inner end up or down. It is pivotted (see figure 3) to the outer end
of the bracket 189 by means of a screw 212 fitting in a hole 213 of the bracket (see
figures 3 and 56). The form of the lever 211 is best shown in figure 59. It has a
bifurcated end 214 which straddles the rod 207 beneath the spring 210, and it has a
projection 215 to receive the pivot or screw 212. Its outer end is also provided with
a perforation 216, to which is secured the upper end of a threaded rod 217 (see
figure 58); the lower end of the rod passes down through a perforated projection 218
ou the hanger 189 (see figures 3 and 56), and upon the lower end of the rod is a
thumb screw or nut 219 (see figure 3). By tightening or loosening the nut 219, it
will be understood that the tension of the spring 210 will be regulated.
220 represents a semi-circular bar against which the upper ends of the type
bars 111 strike or impinge in their upward movement. This is supported by being
secured to the segment 112 by means of arms 221. It is surrounded by a rubber
covering 222 to deaden the noise of the type bars as they strike against it.
223 represents the levers for spacing. They are pivotted to the rod 3 the same as
the levers 4, and to their forward ends is secured a key 224 that extends across the
machine in front of the bank of keys 5. My preferred manner of connecting the
key 224 to the levers 223 is by means of plates 225 (see figure 3) the shape of the
plates being best illustrated in figure 77. Their lower ends are provided with
flanges 226, by which they are secured to the levers 223, and their upper ends are
flanged and perforated to receive screws, by which they are secured to the key 224.
The levers 223 rest upon lugs 227 on the ends 8 of frame 6. It will thus be seen
that when the levers are depressed, the frame 6 will be depressed, and the escapement
mechanism operated to allow the carriage to move forward the distance of one notch
of the rack 26.

page_text: When it is desired to throw the dogs 21 and 23 entirely out of engagement with the
rack 26 of the carriage, to allow the latter to be run back and forth at will to any
desired point, it is done by means of a lever 300 having a key or finger piece 301
(see figures 1, 2, 3, 86 and 87). This lever bears on the frame 6, the same as levers 4,
and it is supported by a spring 302 surrounding a short rod 303 secured to the lever
and guided by a perforated lug 304 on the base 1, through which it passes (see
figure 86). The lever 300 has more throw than the levers 4 or the spacing levers 223,
so that it will pull the dogs entirely out of engagement with the rack, while the levers 4
and 223 merely pull the dogs down far enough to move the lower one out of, and the
upper one into, engagement with the rack, as explained.
The form or shape of the outer end of the lever 300 is shown in figure 87.
When the ribbon holder key is depressed, it may be held down, if desired, by a
plate 310 (see figure 88) pivotted to the frame 41 at 311. When not in use, this
plate would hang down in a vertical position, so as not to interfere with the operation
of the key 199.
I will now describe my improved device for giving the machine any desired
inclination at will to suit the operator.
230 represents arms pivotted at 231 to the base 1 of the machine, and which are
connected at their outer ends by means of a cross piece 232 (see figure 79). The
arms 230 rest upon the base or table upon which the machine is placed, and the
cross piece 232 is provided with hinged bars 233 pivotted by means of pins 234 to
ears 235 on the cross piece 232. The inner faces of the bars are provided with
notches 256 which engage flanges or projections 237 on the base of the machine (see
figures 80, 82 and 83). Thus, when the machine is inclined, it is thrown up into the
position shown in figure 83 and the hars 233 are moved into a vertical position and
engage with the projections or flanges 237, which are provided with recesses 238 to
receive the bars. Any one of the notches 236 may be used to give the machine the
desired inclination.
In order that the bars 233 will fall down automatically, when it is desired to lower
the machine, I locate springs 239 (see figure 85) beneath them, which are secured at
240 to the cross piece 232. It will thus be seen that when the base of the machine
is raised above the top of the bars 233, the latter will be forced forward by means of
the springs, and the machine being lowered, the base will come down on top of the
bars, as shown in figure 81.
In figure 84, I have shown a slight modification, where but a single central bar 233
is used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :—
1. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, pivotted frame 6, and tension
spring 12 substantially as set forth.
2. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, pivotted frame 6, escapement
plate 11 and tension spring 12, substantially as set forth.
3. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, pivotted frame 6, and adjustable
tension spring 12, substantially as set forth.
4. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, pivotted frame 6, and spring 12,
having a threaded rod 38a, with a thumb nut 40, substantially as, and for the purpose
set forth.
5. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, pivotted frame 6, and a
spring 12 provided with a non-circular threaded rod 38 passing through a lug 39
having a non-circular opening and a thumb nut 40, substantially as set forth.
6. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, escapement plate 11 and dogs 21
and 23 pivotted to the plate 11 substantially as set forth.
7. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, escapement plate 11, and
dogs 21 and 23, the dog 21 having a lug 31, substantially as, and for the purpose,
set forth.

page_text: 8. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, escapement plate 11, dogs 21
and 23, and double acting spring 28, substantially as set forth.
9. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, escapement plate 11 having
flanges or lugs 19 and 20, and dogs 21 and 23, substantially as set forth.
10. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, escapement plate 11, and
pivotted segment 34, substantially as set forth.
11. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, escapement plate 11, pivotted
segment 34, and pin 37 connecting the pivotted segment to the escapement plate,
substantially as set forth.
12. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, and the
clip 50 and 51, substantially as set forth.
13. In a type writer carriage. the combination of the roller or platen, the clip 50
and 51 and roller 52, substantially as set forth.
14. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen and the clip
having the roller 52, and hearing at its upper edge against the platen, substantially
as set forth.
15. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, a clip 50, 51,
and means for shifting the clip to and from the roller substantially as set forth.
16. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, the rod 44,
arms 46, to which the clip is pivotted, and slot and pin connection 49 between the
clip and arms, substantially as set forth.
17. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, rod 44, clip
pivotted to the rod, and means for turning the rod to operate the clip, consisting of
a lever 55, having a dog 56, 60, and ratchet teeth 57 at one end of the carriage,
substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
18. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen provided
with a ratchet wheel 43, arms 65, and lever 70 substantially as set forth.
19. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, the ratchet
wheel on one end of the roller, an arm 65, and a lever 70 pivotted to the arm and
engaging the ratchet wheel at one end, substantially as set forth.
20. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, ratchet
wheel 43, arm 65 having end 68 and pivotted lever 70 having end 71 substantially as
set forth.
21. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, ratchet
wheel 43, arm 65 having keeper 72, and pivotted lever 70 substantially as set forth.
22. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the platen or roller, ratchet
wheel 43, arm 65 pivotted lever 70, and spring 73, substantially as set forth.
23. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, ratchet
wheel 43, arm 65, pivotted lever 70, and changeable stop 75, substantially as set
forth.
24. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, an arm
secured to the carriage, and a lever pivotted to the arm, whereby the platen is turned,
and the carriage moved end wise, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
25. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the rod 81, bar 83, and lugs 82
and 84, the lug 84 being provided with a roller and extension, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
26. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the roller or platen, the bell 91,
clamp 90 having screw 92 and grooved graduated rod 81 substantially as set forth.
27. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the bell 91 having pivotted
hammer 93, with a pivotted dog 95, clamp 90 and rod 81, substantially as set forth.
28. In a type writer carriage, the combination of the rod 81, clamps 97 and 90,
and a grooved rod receiving feathers in the clamps, substantially as set forth.
29. In a type writer, the combination of a carriage having a graduated clip, and a
fixed finger 80 pointing at the graduations on the clip, substantially as set forth.
30. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, type-bars 111, clips 124
and rods 119 having threaded hooks 125, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 31. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, type bars 111, connecting
rods 119 and screw hooks 125, substantially as set forth.
32. In a type writer, the combination of a type-bar 111 having hooks 116 and 118,
substantially as set forth.
33. In a type writer, the combination of a bar for carrying the type formed in
one piece with hooks 116 and 118, and journals 114, substantially as set forth.
34. In a type writer, the combination of a bar for carrying the type having
hooks 116 and 118, the hooks 118 having spring tongues 120 and slots 121 at their
inner ends, substantially as set forth.
35. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, and clips 121 having
eyelets 126 and points 128, substantially as set forth.
36. In a type writer, the combination of the levers 4, frame 6, and plate 11, the
latter having a head 17 and a look 18. substantially as set forth.
37. In a type writer ribbon holder, the combination of a frame 140, ratchet
wheels 143 and spools 146, substantially as set forth.
38. In a type writer ribbon holder, the combination of the frame 140, ratchet
wheels 143 having hubs 144, and spools 146, substantially as set forth.
39. In a type writer ribbon holder, the combination of the frame 140, ratchet
wheels 143 having hubs 144, spools 146, journals 145 and springs 148, substantially
as set forth.
40. In a type writer ribbon holder, the combination of the frame 140, ratchet
wheels 143 having hubs 144, spools 146 and pins 147 substantially as set forth.
41. In a type writer, the combination of the carriage having a roller or platen,
and a device for holding the ribbon in a horizontal position over the carriage, and in
a transverse position to the platen or roller, substantially as set forth.
42. In a type writer, the combination of the roller or platen, and a device for
holding the ribbon over the roller or platen, said device being constructed so as to
remove the ribbon from over the roller or platen at will, substantially as set forth.
43. In a type writer, the combination of the roller or platen, and a moveable ribbon
holder, substantially as set forth.
44. In a type writer, the combination of a roller or platen, and mechanism for
holding the ribbon over and in close proximity to the platen, substantially as set
forth.
45. In a type writer, the combination of a ribbon holder having a plate 151 with
arms 152 and 155, substantially as set forth.
46. A ribbon holder for type writers having a plate 151, a slotted projection 152
having a head 153, substantially as set forth.
47. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of a plate 151 having
slotted projections 152, and head 155 with projections 156, substantially as set
forth.
48. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the plate 151
having arms or projections 150, head 155, and roller 158 substantially as set forth.
49. In a ribbon holder for type writers, a plate 151 having arms or projections 152,
head 155, rollers 158, and runner shaped projections 159, substantially as set forth.
50. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of a frame 140, plate 151,
connecting links 194 and 195, and means for moving the links, substantially as
set forth.
51. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the frame 140,
head 161, plate 151, links 194 and 195 and means for moving the links, substantially
as set forth.
52. In a ribbon holder for type writers the combination of the frame 140,
head 161, projections 167, on the head, links 194 and 195, ani! plate 151, substantially
as set forth.
53. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the frame 140,
head 161, projection 197 having inclined faces 196 and 198, links 194, 195 and
plate 151, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
:

page_text: 54. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the spools, ratchet.
wheels, and shifting dogs, for engaging the respective ratchet wheels, substantially as
set forth.
55. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the ratchet wheels 143
and pawls 164 and 165, with means for operating them, substantially as set
forth.
56. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the spools 146, ratchet
wheels 143, pawls 164 and 165, having plates 182, spring 183, and means for
operating the pawls, substantially as set forth.
57. In a type writer, the combination of the spools and ratchet wheels, pawls 164
and 165, moveable block 172 and rod 171, substantially as set forth.
58. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the ratchet wheels, and
spools, pawls 165 and 164, block 172, spring 177, plate 174, projection 175, and
rod 171, substantially as set forth.
59. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the spools, and
ratchet wheels, the pawls, and a shifting spring block for moving the pawls from one
ratchet wheel to the other, substantially as set forth.
60. A ribbon holder for type writers having spools for holding the ribbon, and
provided with mechanism whereby it may be moved in a direction transverse
to the length of the roller or platen of the carriage, substantially as set forth.
61. In a type writer, the combination of the roller or platen, a holder adapted to
support the ribbon, and to be moved in a direction transverse to the platen, sub-
stantially as set forth.
62. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the frame 140, dove
tailed projection 106, rod 185 and bracket 189 substantially as set forth.
63. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the frame 140, dove
tailed projection 106 and screw rod 185 substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
64. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the plate for supporting
the ribbon, and means for moving the plate, consisting of a key 199, spring rod 207
and lever 211 substantially as set forth.
65. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the plate for holding
the ribbon over the platen, and means for moving the plate, consisting of a key 199,
spring rod 207, lever 211, and rod 217 for adjusting the lever to regulate the tension
of the spring substantially as set forth.
66. In a ribbon holder for type writers, the combination of the ratchet wheels,
pawls 164, and 165, lever 168, escapement plate 11 and connection 170, substantially
as set forth.
67. In a type writer, the combination of the graduated rod 81, and the frame 100
having ends 101 and pieces 103, 104 and 105, substantially as set forth.
68. In a type writer, the combination of the frame 6, having lugs 127, spacing
levers 223, and key 224, substantially as set forth.
69. In a type writer, the combination of the spacing levers 223, and key 224,
extending across behind the bank of keys 5, substantially as set forth.
70. In a type writer, the combination of the spacing levers 223, key 224, and
plates 225, substantially as set forth.
71. In a type writer, the combination of the frame 6, carriage 26, dogs 21 and 23,
and the throw-out lever 300, substantially as set forth.
72. In a type writer, the combination of the frame 6, carriage 26, dogs 21 and 23
and throw-out lever 300 having a rod 303 and spring 302 passing through a
perforated lug 304, substantially as set forth.
73. In a type writer, the combination of the type bars 111, bar 220, and rubber 222,
substantially as set forth.
74. In a type writer, the combination of the base 1, arms 230, and bars 233,
substantially as set forth.
75. In a type writer, the combination of the base 1, pivotted arms 230, and
bars 233 having notches 236, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 76. In a type writer, the combination of the base 1, pivotted arms 230, bars 233
and springs 239, substantially as set forth.
77. In a type writer, the combination of the base 1, having notched projections 237,
pivotted arms 230, and notched bars 233, substantially as set forth.
Unto this 10th d...
1000
GODFREY HENRY LASAR.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, Agents.