UTILIZATION OR RECOVERY OF EXHAUST STEAM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention for "UTILIZATION OR
RECOVERY OF EXHAUST STEAM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
"and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention has relation to a new and useful means of returning the exhaust
of engines to a boiler under pressure, by which means, the exhaust steam heretofore
wasted into the atmosphere, is utilized, and also the exhaust steam which has been
partially utilized by means of condensors, lieaters, feeders & is made wholly
available by returning the entire volume into a working boiler.
To this end this Invention consists first in arranging suitable vessels or receivers
for holding a given quantity of boiler-water in communication with the boiler, and
under like or greater pressure when in operation, and at the same time interposing
a suitable pump (rotary preferred) between said vessel and the boiler, by which the
wator is kept in continuous circulation from the boiler to the vessel, the pump
serving at the same time to prevent its return. The said pump is adapted to be
worked by positive or external means, so that forced circulation is produced when
required, for maintaining circulation which is essential to the proper operation of
this process.
The Invention consists secondly in providing the exhaust steam pipe with a
back pressure or check, or other suitable valve at or near its delivery nozzle, for
the purpose of preventing the said pipe or nozzle from filling with a solid body
of water from sudden shocks caused by the reaction consequcut upon the change or
stoppage of the current, or from any other cause, until circulation is fully established.
The vessel or vessels with the attachments suitably constructed, are adapted to
be supplied to the trade commercially and independently of the boiler.
The Invention consists thirdly, in the method of controlling and manipulating
the forces, velocities and pressures of the working boiler the exhaust of the engine,

page_text: and in means for preventing back pressure of the exhaust when subjected to
atmospheric pressure or other throttled means common in exhaust mechanism.
In the annexed Drawing
Figure 1, shows a longitudinal section of two vessels or receptacles preferably
spherical and a plan view of a rotary pump. Figure 2, is a sectional plan view of
a single sphere, and pump, with a live-steam chamber interposed between the pump
and sphere, the objects of which will be more fully described hereinafter. Figure 3,
shows two vessels suitably connected and provided with the necessary fittings. It
also shows the pump at the receiving pipe leading from the boiler.
Figure 4 shows a modified from having only one vessel, which may be provided
at its eduction end with an overflow pipe.
In describing the parts of this Invention embraced by the third statement above,
and with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawing A, is a vessel or reservoir
for the reception of water from the boiler at boiler pressure, preferably of spherical
form B, is a pipe for the reception of the exhaust, and to it is fitted a suitably
tapering nozzle b.
C, is the outlet from the sphere A, into which the tapering nozzle b enters in
such manner as to deliver the exhaust steam into contact with the boiler water at
the point of its greatest speed.
D is a sphere of greater diameter than A, for the reception of the commingled
exhaust, and boiler-water, the object of which is to more fully utilize the combined
force of the exhaust and boiler water pressure also to steady the flow or delivery
of such commingled steam and water to the rotary pump or other suitable device,
otherwise the flow might be intermittent and somewhat objectionable.
E (Figs. 1 and 2) is a rotary pump, or may be other suitable device for taking
from the spheres the commingled boiler water and exhaust, relieving them of back-
pressure and forcing the same into a boiler g is a connection between spherical
reservoir D and pump E.
e an overflow pipe for creating a current through the spheres e a valve on
pipe el delivery pipe leading from pipe to boiler.
i and j are fast and loose pulleys for operating rotary pump a lock-nut by
which the exit nozzle or delivery of the exhaust to the boiler-water is controlled
in the connection C. and also the quantity or delivery of boiler water to vessel or
reservoir D. is the boiler water delivery pipe.
c is the boiler water outlet from the vessel A, into which the adjustable tapering
nozzle benters in such manner as to deliver the exhaust into contact with the
boiler water at the point of its greatest speed.
D is a chamber surrounding the mingled water and exhaust outlet for the
reception of live steam, and its delivery in the form of an outer annular jet to the
commingled steam of exhaust and boiler water while passing through, thus
increasing the force of the volume to the pump.
d is a supply pipe for live steam from boiler to chamber D¹.
The operation is as follows:-
'
The engine being started the overflow pipe e' is opened to the atmosphere, water
from the boiler being in full communication with the sphere or reservoir. When
the current is complete and steady, the rotary pump is put in motion and the
overflow shut off.
The pump now carries the commingled steam and water from the sphere or
reservoir faster than the exhaust is delivered, and thereby relieves the engine of
back pressure, and in fact causes a suction by which the action of the engine is
enhanced.
When a full current is under headway the pump will have but little to do, as
the force of the boiler water and the exhaust, will greatly assist the pump, and
thus but little power is exerted to run it. However when an increased velocity is
required live steam may be admitted into chamber D' which passes with the
mixte into the pump.

page_text: In describing that part of this Invention embraced by the first two statements
and with reference to Figs. 3 and 4 of the Drawing, E, is the pump and A the
receiving vessel, B the exhaust pipe leading into the chamber A. A suitable back
pressure valve D" is located on the end of said pipe, and attached to the latter, the
nozzle b although the valve may be placed at the end of the nozzle as shown in
dotted lines, with good results; for the smaller the quantity of water in the
exhaust pipe, the less will be the resistance to the exhaust of the steam into and
through the vessel when the current is established or temporarily broken. It is
evident however that the valve may be placed on the pipe outside the vessel, but
it is preferable to locate it within for the reasons stated. For greater certainty of
action the vessel D, is connected to A, by the connection C as in Figure 1, but the
apparatus will work well with a single chamber.
is the eduction pipe from the boiler, and eduction pipe to pump E and vessel A.
k is the lock-nut and g the fitting for connection with the boiler. e is the overflow
pipe for the purpose of letting off the flow of steam and water until the velocity
and momentum of the current is established.
It happens sometimes however, that when the current is changed, a back-lash or
reaction of the water tukes place, which if continued would destroy the working
of the apparatus.
To overcome this difficulty, a suitable valve is provided in the exhaust as above
stated, to prevent the shock from effecting the free exhaust of the engine. And
the pump is designed to instantly restore the current by its positive action in
forcing the water out of the boiler and into the vessel, and through it to the boiler
again, carrying with it the exhaust of the engine.
The operation of this part of this Invention is as follows.-
The engine being started the overflow-pipe is opened to the atmosphere, and tho
pump is started.
When the current is established, the overflow pipe is closed,
causing for the moment a slight shock or back-lash to the current. This force acts
against the boiler pressure rather than, as before against the pressure of the
atmosphere, thus causing a momentary reaction against the point of least resistance,
this being in all such processes the exhaust inlet. By means of the pump the
maximum pressure in the vessel A, is instantly attained, and the current to and
into the boiler again established. Inasmuch as it completely surrounds the
exhaust nozzle or inlet in such manner as to open immediately the cheque valve,
it restores all the parts to active operation delivering the entire mixed volume into
the boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
ine by my foreign correspondent what I claim is
First. The method herein described of utilizing the exhaust of engines by
returning it into the boiler from which it was taken, by first uniting it in a
reservoir with a body of water from the boiler under like pressure then pumping
the combined mixture into said boiler.
Second. The method herein described of utilizing the exhaust of engines by
uniting water from the boiler under like pressure with the exhaust, and then
pumping them from the suction end of the vessel whereby increased velocity is
imparted to them, and returning them into the boiler from which they were
taken.
:
Third. The combination in an apparatus for returning the exhaust of the engine
to the boiler from which it was taken, consisting of the receiving vessel for boiler
water under like pressure, the exhaust pipe, and the pump located at the suction
end of said apparatus, substantially as described.
Fourth. The combination in an apparatus for utilizing the exhaust of engines,
consisting of the vessel or reservoir A, adapted to be connected with a boiler, and
under boiler pressure, the exhaust pipe, the nozzle of which is located within the
outer neck of said vessel, and the pump arranged at the suction end of the vessel
as described.

page_text: Fifth. The combination in a device for returning the exhaust of engines by
returning it into a boiler under prossure equal to the source of supply consisting of
the vessels A and D united by a neck into which the exhaust nozzle enters, a pump
arranged at the outlet end of the device all arranged for combined action for the
purpose set forth.
Sixth. The combination in an apparatus for utilizing the exhaust of engines,
consisting of the vessel or reservoir A exhaust pipe and nozzle B live-steam
chamber D' and the pump E arranged at the outlet or suction end of said apparatus
for the purpose set forth.
Seventh. The combination in an apparatus for returning the exhaust of engines
into boilers under pressure of the vessel A, exhaust pipe and nozzle B. b entering
the. outlet of said reservoir, and the live steam chamber D', and its nozzle, with
the overflow pipe, all arranged for joint operation in the manner and for the purpose
set forth.
Eighth. The process herein described of utilizing the exhaust of engines,
consisting of first taking water from a boiler under pressure by positive means,
forcing it into a receiving vessel larger than the supply pipe, bringing the said
water into contact with the exhaust steam, and then forcing the mingled product
into a boiler under equal pressure, or into the boiler from which they were takon,
substantially as set forth.
Ninth. The process herein described, consisting in taking water from a boiler
under pressure, forcing the same into a receiving vessel of largor area than the
supply pipe, then bringing the exhaust of the engine into contact with said water
and forcing it with the water in the vessel therefrom at tho point of its greatest
velocity into a boiler from which it was taken, as set forth.
Tenth. The combination in an apparatus for utilizing the exhaust of engines, of
the pump interposed between the receiving vessel at its induction end and tho
boiler, with the said receiving vessel, and the exhaust pipe substantially as shown
and described.
Eleventh. The combination in an apparatus for utilizing the exhaust of ongines,
which consists of the receiving vessel, the pump located as described, and the exhaust
pipe provided with the back pressure or check valve, the latter being located
within said vossel for the purpose set forth.
Twelfth. The combination in an apparatus for utilizing the exhaust of engines,
consisting of a vessel such as describod, the exhaust pipe extending into said vessel
and provided with a check valve and nozzle, as and for the purpose set forth.
Thirteenth. The combination in an apparatus for utilizing the exhaust of engines
of the receiving vessel, exhaust pipo provided with a suitable check valve, the
vessel D and overflow pipe e with suitable operating mechanism, as set forth.
Dated this 17th day of June 188k