IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING AND TWISTING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Berry, of Rochdale, in the County
of Lancaster, Machinist, James Mangnall, of Heywood, in the
said County, Manager, and John Chadwick, of Heywood
aforesaid, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WINDING AND TWISTING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 20th June 1854, and dated the 22nd December 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Berry,
James Mangnall, and John Chadwick at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd December
1853.
We, THOMAS BERRY, JAMES MANGNALL, and JOHN CHADWICK, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WINDING AND TWISTING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS'
to be as follows:-
"
Our Invention refers to a method of twisting and winding after the
material has been subjected to a spinning operation in the mule or

page_text: other such machine, and consists in placing the spun cop or bobbin
upon a spindle without a flyer, and causing the said spindle to revolve
in a machine which at the same time effects the winding of the yarn
upon a bobbin. To illustrate the uso of our Invention we will suppose
that wool is spun in a mule, but without the full compliment of twist
for the purpose for which it is intended, the carriage being caused to
run in without remaining at the end of the stretch so long as is now
practised for finished yarn. The cops or bobbins of yarn so produced
we place upon spindles, and cause them to revolve rapidly in a machine
the material being conducted on to a bobbin which is caused to revolve
by surface motion. By this operation a twist without drawing is
effected, and the amount may be regulated at pleasure by altering the
speed of the surface rollers. The bobbins of twisted yarn thus produced
may be warped by a simple process of winding.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Berry, James Mangnall, and John
Chadwick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd June
1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
THOMAS BERRY, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
JAMES MANGNALL, of Heywood, and JOHN CHADWICK, of Heywood
aforesaid, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said Thomas Berry, James Mangnall, and John Chadwick,
Her especial license that we, the said Thomas Berry, James Mangnall,
and John Chadwick, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Thomas Berry, James Mangnall, and
John Chadwick, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all

page_text: times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING AND TWISTING WOOL, COTTON,
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Thomas Berry, James Manguall, and John Chadwick,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Berry, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is
to say):
Our Invention refers to a method of twisting and winding after the
material has been subjected to a spinning operation in the mule or
other such machine, and consists in placing the spun cop or bobbin
upon a spindle without à flyer, and causing the said spindle to revolve
in a machine which at the same time effects the winding of the yarn
upon a bobbin. To illustrate the use of our Invention we will suppose
that wool is spun in a mule, but without the full complement of twist
for the purpose for which it is intended, the carriage of the mule
having been caused to run in without remaining at the end of the
stretch so long as is now practised for finished yarn. The cops or
bobbins of yarn so produced we place upon spindles, and cause them to
revolve rapidly in a machine, the material being conducted on to a
bobbin which is caused to revolve by surface motion. The bobbins of
twisted yarn thus produced may be warped by a simple operation of
winding.
Having described the object of our Invention generally, we will
proceed to shew, by means of the illustrative Drawing accompanying
this our Specification, the manner in which the same may be carried

page_text: into practical effect. Fig. 1, is a transverse section of the machine,
taken at about the line A, B, in Fig. 2, which represents a partial
longitudinal side view. The framing is shewn at a, on which is
mounted on suitable bearings at each end a shaft b, to which the
driving power is communicated by means of a strap and pulley c, shewn
by dotted lines; upon the shaft b a drum d is fast, and extends from one
end of the machine to the other. This drum drives, by means of the
cords e, and wharves f, two rows of upright spindles g, mounted in
suitable bearings on the longitudinal rails h, secured at each end to the
framing a of the machine; the cops or bobbins i are placed on the
spindles g, as they are received from the mule or other such machine.
The yarn or thread is conducted from the cops or bobbins through the
stationary guides j, fixed to longitudinal rails, and is laid on bobbins k,
by the traversing guides 7, the bobbins / being caused to revolve by
friction of contact with a series of drums or pulleys m, mounted upon
a shaft p, and working in bearing n, secured to the longitudinal rails or
beams o. The bearings for the shaft p, are formed to act as guides for
the bobbins k, as they rise during the winding on of the material.
Motion is communicated to the shaft p, by means of a train of
gearing g, shown in red lines, and driven by a pinion >', on the main
shaft b. Upon the stud or centre carried by a brackets, for the wheel t,
there is a worm u, working into a worm wheel v, on the upright shaft w,
which is carried by suitable brackets attached to the framing a. On
the shaft w, is a heart wheel x, working between two friction rollers y,
attached to a slotted sliding piece, moving in suitable guides affixed
to the framing. At one end of the sliding piece there is an arm 1,
extending to a vibrating lever 2, connected by means of a stud or pin 8,
to the traversing bar 4, upon which the crooked guides 1, are mounted
for guiding the yarn along the surface of the bobbins k. It will be
seen on reference to the Drawing, that the threads from one set of
spindles pass to the top of one row of bobbins, and that the threads from
the others pass to the bottoms of their corresponding bobbins, so as to
allow for the change in the direction of the motion caused by both
being driven from the same surface drum. As we have before remarked,
the amount of twist to be put into the yarn or thread will vary
4,

page_text: according to the speed of the spindles i, or according to the rate of
revolution imparted to the surface drums m. We would also remark
that it will be evident that other arrangements of mechanism may be
made to carry out our Invention, for instance, the yarn might be wound
from the spindle bobbins on to a creel placed in an upright position,
and caused to travel perpendicularly by suitable mechanism. We have
in the accompanying Drawings shewn a bobbin applied to the spindles
such as is spun upon a woollen mule; we desire it to be understood,
however, that other bobbins or cops may be in like manner treated so
as to receive the additional twisting; for the latter the spindles should
be placed at an angle in order to facilitate their adaptation and
removal.
Having thus ascertained the nature and object of our Invention, we
desire it to be understood that we claim as secured to us under the
above in part recited Letters Patent, placing cops or bobbins of woollen
or other yarn upon revolving spindles without flyers for the purpose of
imparting an additional twist, the yarn so twisted being wound upon
bobbins or other such suitable surfaces.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Berry, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
THOMAS BERRY. (LS.)