IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING REGISTERS, APPLICABLE TO COUNTING THE REVOLUTIONS OF SHAFTS IN VARIOUS KINDS OF MACHINERY, STEAM AND OTHER ENGINE INDICATORS, FOR REGISTERING STROKE OR TRAVEL, INDICATORS FOR GAS OR WATER METERS, CLOCKS, ADDING MACHINES, AND REGISTERING DEVICES OF DIFFERENT KINDS OR FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES.
Year: 1870

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING REGISTERS, APPLICABLE
TO COUNTING THE REVOLUTIONS OF SHAFTS IN VARIOUS KINDS OF MACHINERY,
STEAM AND OTHER ENGINE INDICATORS, FOR REGISTERING STROKE OR TRAVEL,
INDICATORS FOR GAS OR WATER METERS, CLOCKS, ADDING MACHINES, AND
REGISTERING DEVICES OF DIFFERENT KINDS OR FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES.". -A
communication from abroad by William Henry MoNary, of Brooklyn,
State of New York, United States of America.
-
Sealed the 22nd December 1870, and dated the 14th July 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 14th July 1870.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING REGISTERS,
APPLICABLE TO COUNTING THE REVOLUTIONS OF SHAFTS IN VARIOUS KINDS OF

page_text: MACHINERY, STEAM AND OTHER ENGINE INDICATORS FOR REGISTERING STROKE OR
TRAVEL, INDICATORS FOR GAS OR WATER METERS, CLOCKS, ADDING MACHINES, AND
REGISTERING DEVICES OF DIFFERENT KINDS OR FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES," to be as
follows:
This Invention relates to counting registers, applicable to various
purposes, including, among others, counting the revolutions of shafts in
various machinery, steam and other engine indicators for registering
stroke or travel, indicators for gas or water meters, clocks, and adding
machines, and in which a succession of counting wheels are used, geared
and arranged to show or record in consecutive and fractional order
various numerical divisions or count. To this end the Invention consists
in a combination of counting wheels provided with spur gear pinions
arranged to mesh into the latter, also (or certain of them) into toothed
sectors carried by each counting wheel of the next lower denomination,
and locking stops connected with said pinions to hold each counting
wheel of a higher denomination from moving till the toothed sector of
the next wheel of a lower denomination comes round to operate the
pinion, which gives the necessary extent of motion to the adjacent
counting wheel of a higher denomination, when the locking stop is
temporarily relieved by a recess in the counting wheel of lower denomi
nation coming round opposite it.
The Invention also includes various modifications of the same general
principle or combination of details together with additions or attachments
to adapt the register to various purposes or uses, and to simplify or
otherwise improve or change the arrangement of the operating parts,
including an independent spring clip of the several counting wheels
with the spur wheels or gear by which they are operated to allow of the
independent setting, altering, or moving of the several counting wheels
when required, as necessary or useful in the application of the register
to clocks, adding machines, and other devices or purposes.
The Invention likewise includes an internal arrangement of the spur
gear and pinions with their locking stops and toothed sector or its equi-
valent within the counting wheels for operation by a reciprocating driver,
hung so as to be capable of turning on its own axis, and operating in
connection with a recess and stops in or on an outer case, to secure
to the driver in its opposite reciprocating strokes gear and release from
connection with the pinion that actuates the wheel of lowest denomi-
nation, whereby the counting wheels are operated only in one direction by

page_text: the reciprocating driver. This arrangement secures a close and clear
arrangement and exposure of the counting wheels, and may be used to
advantage for steam engine indicators and for paging machines by using
raised numerals on the peripheries of the wheels. It likewise provides for
the collective disconnection of the pinions with the spur gears by which
the numbering or counting wheels are driven by means of a screw or
other device adjustable from the exterior, whereby the counting wheels
may be independently turned or differently set relatively to each other.
The Invention also includes a combination of racks operated by
levers through finger keys arranged at different distances from the
fulcrums of the levers, which by their racks operate annular pinions
which carry spring dogs that move over notched surfaces connected with
the counting wheels; the latter are thereby moved only in the one direc-
tion by the reciprocating action of the racks. This arrangement is especially
applicable to adding machines, and allows of the stoppage of a wheel or
wheels of lower denomination while those of a higher denomination are
being operated, and by a spring clip of the spur gears with their counting
wheels. Each of the wheels may be shifted independently of the other.
The Invention furthermore includes an arrangement of large and small
counting wheels out of axial line with each other but so that they present
peripherical surfaces in the same line or plane, the counting wheels
being provided with many sided or angular locking stops, working against
or on circular surfaces of adjacent wheels in combination with toothed
sectors, recesses, and pinions arranged to secure to the counting wheels
their requisite respective actions on the sectors coming round to operate
the pinions, and the recesses at the same coming round to release the
locking stops.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th January 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of July, in the year

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COUNTING REGISTERS, APPLICABLE TO COUNTING THE REVO-
LUTIONS OF SHAFTS IN VARIOUS KINDS OF MACHINERY, STEAM AND OTHER ENGINE
INDICATORS FOR REGISTERING STROKE OR TRAVEL, INDICATORS FOR GAS OR WATER
METERS, CLOCKS, ADDING MACHINES, AND REGISTERING DEVICES OF
KINDS OR FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES," being a communication to me from abroad
by William Henry McNary, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York,
United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
DIFFERENT
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say): —
This Invention relates to counting registers, applicable to various pur-
poses, including among others counting the revolutions of shafts in various
machinery, steam and other engine indicators for registering stroke or
speed, indicators for gas or water meters, clocks, and adding machines,
and in which a succession of counting wheels are used, geared and
arranged to show or record in consecutive and fractional order various
numerical divisions or count. To this end the Invention consists in a
combination of counting wheels provided with spur gear pinions arranged
to mesh into the latter, also (or certain of them) into toothed sectors

page_text: carried by each counting wheel of the next lower denomination, and
locking stops connected with the pinions to hold each counting wheel
of a higher denomination from moving till the toothed sector of the
next wheel of a lower denomination comes round to operate the pinion,
which gives the necessary extent of motion to the adjacent counting
wheel of a higher denomination, when the locking stop is temporarily
relieved by a recess in the counting wheel of lower denomination coming
round opposite to it..
The Invention also includes various modifications of the same general
attach-.
principle or combination of details together with additions or
ments to adapt the register to various purposes or uses, and to simplify
or otherwise improve or change the arrangement of the operating parts,
including an independent spring clip of the several counting wheels
with the spur wheels or gear by which they are operated to allow of
the independent setting, altering, or moving of the several counting
wheels when required, as necessary or useful in the application of the
register to clocks, adding machines, and other devices or purposes.
The Invention likewise includes an internal arrangement of the spur
gear and pinions with their locking stops and toothed sector or its
equivalent within the counting wheels for operation by a reciprocating.
driver, hung so as to be capable of turning on its own axis, and operating
in connection with a recess and stops in or on an outer case, to secure
to the driver in its opposite reciprocating strokes gear and release from.
connection with the pinion that actuates the wheel of lowest denomina-
tion, whereby the counting wheels are operated only in one direction
by the reciprocating driver. This arrangement secures a close and clear
arrangement and exposure of the counting wheels, and may be used to.
advantage for steam engine indicators and for paging machines by using
raised numerals on the peripheries of the wheels. It likewise provides
for the collective disconnection of the pinions with the spur gears by
which the numbering or counting wheels are driven by means of a screw
or other device adjustable from the exterior, whereby the counting
wheels may be independently turned or differently set relatively to cach
other..
The Invention also includes a combination of racks, operated by
levers through finger keys arranged at different distances from the
fulcrums of the levers, which by their racks operate annular pinions
which carry spring dogs that move over notched surfaces connected

page_text: with the counting wheels; the latter are thereby moved only in the
one direction by the reciprocating action of the racks. This arrange-
ment is especially applicable to adding machines, and allows of the
stoppage of a wheel or wheels of lower denomination while those of a
higher denomination are being operated, and by a spring clip of the spur
gears with their counting wheels. Each of the wheels may be shifted
independently of the other.
The Invention furthermore includes an arrangement of large and
small counting wheels out of axial line with each other but so that
they present peripherical surfaces in the same line or plane, the counting
wheels being provided with many sided or angular locking stops, working
against or on circular surfaces of adjacent wheels in combination with
toothed sectors, recesses, and pinions arranged to secure to the counting
wheels their requisite respective actions on the sectors coming round to
operate the pinions and the recesses at the same time coming round to
release the locking stops.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 represents a face view of a
counting register in part or edge view of two counting wheels, with the
operating devices constructed and arranged in accordance with the
Invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view at right angles to Fig. 1 looking
towards the inner side of the first counting wheel, and Fig. 3 is a similar
view looking towards the inner face of the second counting wheels.
Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams or views on a reduced scale showing
modified constructions of the locking stop used in the combination of
devices represented in Figures 1 and 2. Figures 6 and 7 are interior
and exterior face views of a clock with a counting register made in
accordance with the Invention applied thereto, and Fig. 8 is a sectional
view of a counting wheel with a spring clip connecting it with the spur
gear by which the wheel is operated to provide for adjustment of the
wheel. Figures 9 and 10 are sectional views at right angles to each other
of a counting or numbering register in which the gear and working
devices are arranged within the counting or registering wheels. Fig. 9
being a section as indicated by the line x, x, in Fig. 10, and the latter
Figure is a section as indicated by the line y, y, in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a
section through the line z, z, in Fig. 10, but showing raised numbers on
the counting wheels, and Fig. 12 is a face or edge view of these wheels
and their case; Fig. 13 is a plan and Fig. 14 a longitudinal section of
an adding machine, in part constructed to embrace the Invention ;

page_text: | Figures 15 and 16 are views at right angles to each other of a counting
register similar (as regards its action) to that shewn in Figures 1, 2,
and 3, but of a different construction and arrangement of parts.
In Figures 1, 2, and 3, A and B are a pair of counting wheels hung
to rotate upon a fixed central shaft or pin a, which is designed to extend
from side to side of a box or case that serves to enclose the counting
wheels and pertaining parts; this box has an opening in one of its
sides to expose in succession the numbers arranged around the peri-
pheries of the counting wheels. These wheels A and B carry spur gear or
toothed rings b, c, on their one side or face into which mesh indepen-
dent pinions C and D. The pinion C represents the primary operating
pinion, and may be actuated by any suitable power or mechanism it is
required to connect the counting apparatus with, and is in gear with
the spur teeth 6 of the counting wheel A that is the unit wheel of the
counter. The other pinion D works loose on a pin d and meshes with
the spur gear c of the counting wheel B, which moving a number each
time the unit wheel completes a revolution counts tens (supposing the
count to be a decimal one) and so on in succession for any number of
counting wheels with pinions and their operating and locking attach-
ments herein-after described according to the range of the counting
register. Each pinion D is made sufficiently wide to gear not only with
the spur gear c of its counting wheel B, but also with a toothed sector E
attached to the adjacent counting wheel A. of a lower denomination, and
furthermore each pinion D is provided with an angular preferably
triangular, or other suitable positive stop F, which resting on the
periphery of the adjacent counting wheel A. of a lower denomination locks
the higher counting wheel B from being moved till the toothed sector E
of the wheel A and a recess e in the periphery of said wheel come
round to relieve the stop F and to allow of the pinion D being actuated
by the sector, after which by the continuation in travel of the wheel A
the stop F is again made to lock the pinion D and through it the
wheel B. Every action thus communicated to the counting wheel of
a higher denomination each revolution of the adjacent counting wheel
of a lower denomination moves the first named counting wheel a
› number, the sector and pinion operated by the sector having a proper
relative number of teeth to secure such certainty of action. The counting
wheels will of course be divided according to the numeration to be
made, and will vary with the different purposes to which it is proposed

page_text: to apply the Invention, a different count to that just described being, for
instance, required in its application to clocks, or to the calendar move-
ments of clocks, with provision for the adjustment or correction of the
counting wheels as necessary, for instance, in case of the stopping of a
clock, and which may be effected by making the peripherical portions of
said wheels on which the numbers are arranged movable circumferen-
tially, or otherwise making such wheels independently adjustable, as
herein-after described in the application of the Invention to a clock.
The same system of stops, pinions, gears, and sectors is applicable with
very slight modification in connection with counting or indicating
wheels arranged to indicate by means of Figures upon faces parallel
with their planes of revolution.
In Fig. 4, pins ƒ angularly arranged on the face of the pinion D that
operates the counting wheel of a higher denomination. for operation in
connection with the recess e in the wheel A of a lower denomination are
substituted for the angular and similar positive stop F, shewn in Figures
1 and 2. Fig. 5 represents a like arrangement of pins f with antifriction
rollers g on them, to provide for wear and easy run relatively to each
other of the locking stop and wheel on which it rests.
In Figures 6 and 7 the Invention is shewn as applied to a clock,
which may either be of a spring balance, pendulum, or other description.
Here only certain of the wheels, as, for instance, those indicating the
hour and minutes, are arranged in line, while the wheel which indicates
seconds occupies a different position, but all the wheels may, if desired,
be arranged in line. The numbers on the peripheries of the several
wheels are exposed to view one at a time on each wheel through
openings in front of the clock case, as shewn in Fig. 7. The seconds
wheel G may be divided on its circumference either in regular numerical
order into seconds, or so that the divisions may represent larger portions
of a minute, as shewn in Fig. 6. This wheel G being the one of lowest
denomination in the counting register, is of course the primary mover,
or in other words the wheel to which motion is communicated from the
clock through suitable gear pitched or proportioned to give a proper
timely action to it. E' is the sector on this wheel, and e¹ the recess
therein, through which on the same principle of action as has been
described with reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3, a limited motion is
communicated to a pinion D' once during each revolution of the seconds
wheel G on the recess e¹ and sector. E' coming round to release an

page_text: angular or positive stop F¹ from lock on the periphery of the wheel G,
and to establish passing gear of the sector E¹ with such pinion. This
pinion D¹ has connected with it a secondary pinion D*, which gears
with a spur gear c¹ on the first one H of a pair of minute wheels H, H¹,
geared or connected to work so that the latter is operated by the former
once during each revolution of it by means of a toothed sector E², a
recess e, a locking stop F2, and pinions D2, D3, the latter one of which
gears with a spur wheel c³ on the face of the second minute wheel H'.
The first minute wheel H is numbered from 0 to 9 inclusive, while the
second wheel H¹ is only numbered from 0 to 5 inclusive, and the various
gears are so pitched or proportioned that one revolution of the seconds
wheel G causes the first minute wheel H to move the distance of one of
its numbers, and one revolution of such first minute wheel to move the
second minute wheel H' the distance of one of the six divisions or
numbers on it. A like combination of a toothed sector E³, recess e³,
locking stop F³, and pinions D, D³, (the latter of which meshes with a
spur gear ³) causes the second minute wheel H¹ (each revolution it
makes) to move a number at a time, an hour indicating wheel I which
is numbered from 1 to 12 inclusive.
To provide for the setting of the clock, as when it has gained or lost
time, or having run down has been permitted to stand, the several
counting wheels G, H, H¹, and I are connected in a separately adjustable
manner with or relatively to their driving spur wheels, as shewn in
Fig. 8, in which the one counting wheel H and its spur driving gear c¹
are hung so as to be capable of independent rotation, and the counting
wheel H connected with the spur wheel c¹ by means of a V shaped
spring clip J attached to the counting wheel, and arranged to bite into
notches in a side rim or surface of the spur wheel c¹. This provides
for the turning of the counting wheel either backwards or forwards as
required, and yet secures a steady hold of it with its driving spur wheel.
In Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12 of the Drawing the counting
wheels A¹, B', are arranged side by side, and so that their peripherical
surfaces are free from being interfered with or blocked by outside
gearing, such peripherical surfaces either having the numbers arranged.
on them so as to be flush with an outside case K, K, as shewn in
Figures 9 and 10, or so as to form projections, as shewn in Figures 11
and 12, according to the purpose it is required to apply the counting
register to.
When used for paging, cancelling, or numbering by im-

page_text: pression, then the numbers on the two wheels A, B, may be in the
shape of raised type, but when it is desired to use such wheels simply
for counting purposes (as, for instance, in the application of the register
as a steam engine indicator for recording stroke or travel), then a flush
arrangement of the numbers on the peripheries of the wheels A¹, B¹, will
answer. In the arrangement as shewn in Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12, the
operating mechanism for actuating the counting wheels of different
denomination is disposed internally, and the direction in motion of
the prime mover instead of being a rotary one, as in the previous
Figures, is shewn as being a reciprocating curvilinear one; thus L is a
ring arranged so that it is capable of being turned by a pin i projecting
through a slot j backwards and forwards on or around a hub & within
the outer case. This reciprocating ring carries a driver M, hung so as
to be capable of turning on a pivot pin 1, and subject if necessary to
spring, hold, or clip. This pivotted driver M is constructed so that
when travelling between recesses m, m³, in the case it is guided and
restrained from turning on its pivot by the case surface, but when
passing such recesses it is free to turn in them, and is turned first in
the one direction and then in the other by a tooth n on the driver
striking alternately first the one and then the other of two stops o, e', in
the case. This turning of the driver M first in the one direction and then
in the other causes a second tooth q on it to project during the recipro-
cating stroke of it in the one direction, so as to establish gear with a
pinion N, and during the reciprocating stroke of the driver in the
opposite direction to shut within the ring L, whereby the driver has
no action upon the pinion N as necessary to prevent back action of the
counting wheels. The hub k is recessed, as shown, to allow of the play
of the pinions O, O', within it. These pinions together with their
attached pinions N, N¹, are free to independently rotate between
collars r, r, on a pin 8, which is adjustable by a thumb or screw
nut from the exterior. These pinions are only free to turn when
the opening on the ring L through which the driver M works passes
them, by reason of an angular construction of their body portions u,
which conform to the inner curvature of the ring, and whereby the
pinions are locked from moving at other times, and with them the
counting wheels A', B', which are operated by the pinions O, O¹. The
pinion O during the one reciprocating action of the driver M is thus
made to move the counting wheel A¹ of lowest denomination by gear or
spur teeth P connected with such wheel, such movement being equal to

page_text: a number on the wheel, and as this latter wheel A' completes a revolution
a tooth on it gears with the pinion N¹, to give motion to the pinion O¹,
which meshes with the spur gear P on the counting wheel B' of a higher
denomination, and that is thus moved the distance of a number or
division on it. Such combination or arrangement of parts corresponds
as regards principle of action and lock or release of the counting wheels
with the modification shewn in Fig. 1. When necessary to adjust or
alter the set of the counting wheels A', B', they or their spur gear P, P¹,
may be released from contact with the pinions O, O¹, by a suitable
recessed construction of the wheels, and by working the nut t, so that
the pin & through its collars ", r, is operated to draw the pinions O, O',
from out of gear with the counting wheels or their spur teeth.
In Figures 13 and 14 of the Drawing a³, a, represent finger keys of
an adding machine, such keys being arranged in any number of rows
according to the extent of count required for the machine, and the
several rows representing various denominations, such as where the count
is a decimal one, units, tens, hundreds, and so on, the keys being num-
bered to correspond. As is the key board of the machine. The keys
are operated by the fingers as against return springs 65, and are arranged.
in each row at different distances from the fulcrums of levers B³, a
separate lever to each row of keys, and so that by pressing on any one
of the finger keys in a row it will produce a movement of its respective
lever corresponding to the distance such key is situated from the fulcrum
of the lever. In this way or by these means more or less movement is
given to the counting wheels which the levers B³ control, and the wheels
moved to correspond with the numbers on the keys struck or operated.
To effect the action of the counting wheels by their respective levers,
each of these levers B³ carries at its outer end a rack C³, which gears
when the lever is operated with a toothed ring D³, connected in a loose
manner with the counting wheel E³ of a given denomination. Each
annular pinion carries a spring dog e³, which during the depression of
the lever B³ and rack C³ by the finger keys gears with a notched
surface d³ of the counting wheel and operates the latter as required, but
in the reverse movement of the rack when the lever B5 is returned to its
normal position by a spring c³, the dog c³ slips over the notched surface
of the counting wheel, whereby the latter is prevented from being moved
backwards or against the count. Each counting wheel of different
denomination is also connected with its spur gear, by which motion is

page_text: communicated from one counting wheel to another by a spring clip as
described with reference to Fig. 8 of the Drawing, so that each counting
wheel may be shifted or set independently of the other, and certain or
any required number of counting wheels of higher denomination may
be operated in their duo order or succession by play upon a single row
of keys without operating the wheels of lower denomination, the several
counting wheels operated by the racks C³ being provided with devices
to secure their consecutive action for each revolution of a preceding
wheel, as described in the other modifications of the Invention, and each
rack C, except when being operated upon by the lever B that controls
it, being free from gear with the toothed ring D³, through which motion
is communicated to the counting wheel, whereby the several counting
wheels are free to operate one another in succession without moving
more than the one operating lever at a time.
Figures 15 and 16 of the Drawing represent an arrangement of large
and small counting wheels Dª, D³, D³, Dº, the larger ones D', D³, of which
are out of axial line with the smaller ones Dº, D³, but so that they all
present peripherical surfaces in the same line or plane to facilitate
reading of the numbers on them. These wheels are provided with
many sided or angular locking stops E7, E8, Eº, resting on circular
surfaces 67, 6, 7, of the adjacent counting wheels, and operate in
combination with single teeth or toothed sectors c², c³, c³, releasing
recesses d', ds, do, and pinions F, Fs, and F, to secure to the counting
wheels their requisite respective actions on the sectors coming round to
operate the pinions. The recesses at the same time come round to release
the locking stops in accordance with the action described for the other
modifications of the Invention.
I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as afore-
said,―
First. The combination with a series of counting wheels and spur
gear c connected with each counting wheel of a higher denomination of
the pinion D, stop F, recess e, and toothed sector E provided in and
on the wheel of lower denomination, as shown and described with
reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Second. The connection of either counting or registering wheel with
its operating spur gear by means of a spring clip J biting into notches /
in a surface connected with such gear as described.
Third. The combination of the reciprocating ring L and pivotted

page_text: toothed driver M carried by it with the stops o, o¹, recesses m, m³, and
pinions and toothed gear with locking stops arranged to occupy an
interior position within the counting or registering wheels A', B', as
herein set forth.
Fourth. The arrangement of the levers B³ with their operating keys,
racks C³, toothed rings D³, carrying pawls c', and the notched surfaces d³,
on or connected with a series of counting wheels geared for operation
together and independently of each other, as specified.
Fifth. The arrangement of the counting wheels in series of varied
diameters and out of axial line with each other, but presenting peri-
pherical surfaces in the same axial line or plane together with their
locking stops, recesses for release of the latter, toothed sectors, or single
teeth and spur gear or pinions for operation of the counting wheels by
each other in succession, as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.