IMPROVED CONSTRUCTIONS OF BOILERS FOR EVAPORATING SALINE AND OTHER SOLUTIONS FOR THE PURPOSES OF CRYSTALLIZATION
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HIGHAM, of Notty Ash, near Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Plumber,
and DAVID BELLHOUSE, also of Liverpool aforesaid, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing dato
at Westminster, the Sixth day of June, in the seventh year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
William Higham and David Bellhouse, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, and such others as we, the said William Higham and David Bellhouse,
our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times hereafter during the term of
years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in
all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, and in the Islands of
Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, our Invention of "IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTIONS OF BOILERS FOR EVAPORATING SALINE AND OTHER SOLUTIONS FOR THE
PURPOSES OF CRYSTALLIZATION;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso obliging us, the said William Higham and David Bellhouse, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of us, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause
the same to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within

page_text: six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
David Bellhouse, on behalf of myself, and of the said William Higham, do
hereby declare that the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following description thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
These improved constructions of boilers for evaporating saline and other
solutions, for the purpose of crystallization, consist in so forming the boilers
that the steam generated therein shall be retained, and the heat of such steam
be applied to the evaporation of the solution to be crystallized, by which
means a great economy of fuel and labour will be effected, and the boiler,
being once filled with water, will seldom require a fresh supply.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 represents a front view of our im-
proved boiler, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same taken
in the line A, B, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view; Fig. 4 is a cross section
taken in the line C, D, of Figures 2 and 3; and Fig. 5 is a section of the
fireplace and boiler, taken in the line E, F, of Fig. 2. a, a, is the brickwork
for supporting the boiler or evaporating apparatus; b and c are the fireplace
and flue, which are surrounded by the boiler d, d. The steam generated in
the boiler d rises into the chamber e, e, and when at too great a pressure it
is allowed to blow off at the escape valves f, f; g, g, is the evaporating pan
placed immediately above the boiler, and divided longitudinally by the steam
chamber e, e, see Fig. 3. Fuck is supplied to the fireplace through the fire
door h, and the boiled is filled with water through the pipe i; k, k, are cocks
for ascertaining the height of the water in the boiler, and is a cock for
emptying the same when required. In order to prevent the boiler from
collapsing when but a small quantity of steam is in the chamber e, there is
a self-acting valve f* (shewn in section on an enlarged scale at Fig. 6) in
connection with the escape valve f, for admitting air into that chamber,
and by this means a pressure equal to that of the atmosphere is always
preserved therein. When coppers or vitriol is to be manufactured, the evapo-
rating pang must be lined throughout with lead, to prevent the action of the
solution on the pan, which for other purposes may be made of iron or copper.
For the manufacture of salt we have found it desirable to adopt the form of
evaporating pan, shewn at Fig. 7. In this instance the top of the boiler d

page_text: forms the bottom of the pan, the sides of which are lined with wood. Under
the bottom and sides of the boiler and steam chamber a bed of sawdust,
or other substance which is a bad conductor of heat, is placed, and the
whole is supported by brick or stonework, as shewn in the Drawing.
Although we have shewn a peculiar arrangement of evaporating apparatus,
we wish it to be understood that our Invention is not confined to that
particular construction, as we sometimes, instead of passing the flue directly
through the boiler to the chimney (as shewn in the Drawing), return it under
the same, and thus obtain a greater heat and draft. The boiler may also be
varied in shape from that shewn at either Fig. 4 or Fig. 7, without departing
from the principle of our Invention.
In conclusion, we claim under the above in part recited Letters Patent, the
mode above described of retaining steam in the boiler in which it is generated,
for the purpose of applying it to heat and evaporate saline and other solutions;
and lastly, we claim the apparatus above shewn and described, by which fluids
generally may be evaporated.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Bellhouse, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-four..