Combined Engine and Dynamo which may also be used as a Motor and Pump or Compressor.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1898--Accepted, 10th Dec., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Combined Engine and Dynamo which may also be used as a Motor
and Pump or Compressor.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of 23, Southampton Buildings, in the
County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
(a communication to me by Charles Clifton Cowan, of No. 316, Front Street,
Memphis, in the County of Shelby, and State of Tennessee, Cotton Broker, and
Marcy Lelland Whitfield, of No. 15, South Canal Street, Chicago, in the County
of Cook, and State of Illinois, Electrician, both in the United States of America)
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved combined engine and dynamo, and its
object is to provide a device which will be very compact in construction, which
can be economically built, and wherein the engine may be readily separated
from the dynamo for purposes of repair or for other reasons.
In the drawings;
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a combined engine and dynamo embodying the
present improvements, the dynamo illustrated in this figure being of the well
known bi-polar type, and the engine cylinder being mounted directly on one
of the pole pieces thereof,
Fig. 2, an end elevation of the same;
Fig. 3 a side elevation of the same;
Fig. 4, a side elevation, illustrating a modified form of dynamo, showing the
main steam pipe as entering the pole piece to which the engine is secured;
Fig. 5, à side elevation illustrating a further modification, the engine guide
being carried by one of the pole pieces of the dynamo;
Fig. 6 a side elevation of a dynamo of the type illustrated in Figures 1, 2
and 3, the engine cylinder being carried by one of the yokes connecting the pole-
pieces and the engine guides being carried by said cylinder;
Fig. 7, a similar view, illustrating a dynamo of the same type, with the
engine guides secured to one of the yokes and the engine cylinder carried by
said guides;
Fig. 8, a sectional view, illustrating a dynamo of the type shown in Fig. 1,
the cylinder being carried by one of the pole-pieces and the engine guide being
formed directly in said pole pieces;
Fig. 9, a side elevation of Figure 8; and
Fig. 10, a sectional view on the line 10-10 of Figure 9.
A represents a dynamo, and B a steam or other pressure engine. The dynamo
shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is provided with two oppositely placed pole-pieces C
and D, having coils E, E, thereon. An armature F rotates between the two
pole pieces and is mounted on a shaft G. The pole pieces are connected together
by two yokes H H. The armature shaft G is supported in any suitable way, as
by means of standards I secured to one of the yokes H. The engine B comprises

page_text: an ordinary engine cylinder J, having a flange K at its lower end by which
the engine is secured to the pole piece. C by means of machine-bolts a.
In order to magnetically insulate the engine from the dynamo, whereby the
mass of iron or steel of which the engine is constructed may not affect the
magnetism of the pole C, it is preferred to interpose between the flange K and
the pole piece a sheet of non magnetic material 6, which is composed preferably
of zinc. This non magnetic insulating layer may, however, be dispensed with.
Mounted to reciprocate in the cylinder is a piston c connected directly with the
piston rod, the outer end of which is connected to the slide head e working
in guides f secured to the upper end of the cylinder J. A wrist pin g extends
outwards from the slide head e and is connected by a connecting rod k to a
wrist pin in the disc m keyed to one end of the armature shaft. The cylinder J
is provided with a valve chest h of any suitable type.
is
Mounted in the valve chest h is a valve n, which controls the admission of
steam to the cylinder. Preferably the valve is of the rotary type and is mounted
on a valve stem 0 to which an operating lever is connected. The lever
partially rotated in an arc of the desired extent by a connecting rod q having
an eccentric strap r at its rear end.
The eccentric strap works on an eccentric keyed to the end of the armature
shaft opposite to the disc m. It will be obvious that by admitting steam to the
cylinder through the main steam pipes controlled by a throttle valve t, the
piston e will reciprocate in the cylinder J, driving the dynamo armature through
the connecting rod k. In thus reciprocating, the armature-shaft will operate
the eccentric to control the proper admission of steam to the cylinder by means
of the valve n.
As stated, a dynamo of any suitable type may be employed, and in Figure 4
I illustrate another form of dynamo which may be effectively used. With this
dynamo, the pole pieces C and D are connected by a single energizing coil L.
The engine cylinder J is mounted on the pole piece C in the same way as I
have before described. In Figure 4, I illustrate the steam pipe s as being con-
nected directly with the pole piece C, whereby steam will enter the cylinder
through the pole piece. If desired, the throttle valve t, in Figure 4, may be
connected with an ordinary centrifugal governor u operated by a belt from the
pulley on the armature shaft, and by means of which the entrance of steam
to the cylinder will be regulated by the speed of the armature in the well known
way. It is preferable, however, in the best embodiment of this invention, that
all the steam-pipes should be exterior of the pole piece, whereby the entire
engine may be readily removed from the dynamo when desired.
In Figure 5 I illustrate the engine B in an inverted position with respect to the
other figures. With this modification, the steam cylinder J is carried on the
guides in which the cross head e operates, said guides having out turned
feet which are secured directly to the pole piece by the machine bolts a. In
order that the piston rod d of the engine illustrated in Figure 5 may be main-
tained in perfect alignment, it is preferable that the said rod should enter an
annular guide passage z formed in the pole piece (and shown in dotted lines).
It is not necessary, and in some instances it may not be desirable, to carry
the engine cylinder on the pole piece of the dynamo, since it will be entirely
feasible and practicable to mount the engine cylinder on one of the yokes of the
dynamo, such for example, as one of the yokes H, H of the dynamo shown in
Figures 1, 2 and 3, and in Figures 6 and 7 I illustrate this modification. In
Figure 6, the engine cylinder J is secured by the machine bolts a directly upon
one of the yokes H, which connects the two pole pieces, the engine guides f being
carried above said engine cylinder, as in Figures 1, 2 and 3. In Figure 7 I
illustrate guides or standards a¹ which correspond to the standards a of the
modification shown in Figure 5, and which are connected directly to the said
voke by the bolts a. In this modification, the engine cylinder J will be carried
by said guides above the same.

page_text: With either of the forms of.devices shown in Figures 6 and 7, wherein the
engine cylinder will be carried by one of the yokes instead of by the pole piece
or pieces, the connections from the piston to the armature and the devices for
operating the valve mechanism may be of any suitable character, such for
example as I have already explained.
It will be manifest that instead of mounting an engine cylinder and its guides
either on one or more of the pole pieces of a dynamo or on one or more of the
connecting yokes, it will be possible, and in some instances desirable, to carry
the engine cylinder alone on one of the pole pieces or yokes and to mount the
guides within the pole piece or yoke. A modification of this type is illustrated
in Figures 8, 9 and 10.'
In this modification, the engine cylinder J is somewhat extended at its lower
end and is provided with a flange b¹. The front wall c¹ of the cylinder is
similarly flanged at d, and these two flanges are secured directly to the dynamo
by the bolts a. In the figures under consideration I illustrate the engine cylinder
as being bolted directly to one of the pole pieces, but it will be understood that
said cylinder may be bolted directly to one of the yokes, as in Figures 6 and 7.
The guide for the engine cylinder comprises a preferably cylindrical guide cham-
bere formed in the element of the dynamo to which the engine cylinder is
connected, or, in other words, the said guide chamber is formed either in the
pole piece or the yoke. Mounted in said guide chamber is a slide fi to which
the engine piston is connected. The pole piece or yoke in which the guide
chamber el is formed is provided with a slot g¹ therein, extending parallel with
said guide chamber, and in which works the wrist pin h¹ carried by the slide f¹.
The said wrist pin, as in the other forms of this invention, preferably connects
the armature shaft by a driving rod k, by which the armature may be rotated by
the reciprocation of the piston.
While it is considered preferable to mount the engine cylinder directly on
either one or more of the pole pieces or on one or more of the yokes, as in that
way a dynamo of any ordinary commercial type can be readily supplied with a
removable engine for operating it without the necessity of material changes
therein, it will be understood that either the pole piece or pieces or the yoke or
yokes to which the engine cylinder or cylinders is or are to be connected may be
provided with an integral or detachable bracket secured thereto, and on which
the engine cylinder may be carried. Such a change will be obvious as not to
require specific illustration.
A combined engine and dynamo constructed in accordance with the present
invention will be exceedingly portable and compact in its construction, and can
be built at a very low cost. The floor space occupied by a combined engine
and dynamo constructed in accordance with this invention will be no more
than the floor space occupied by a dynamo alone, and at the same time it will
be possible to detach the two elements and use them independently if desired,
in which respects the present device is unique.
It will be understood that by applying current to the dynamo so as to operate
the same as a motor, the cylinder may be converted into a pump or compressor,
for the pumping of water or the compressing of air or other gas.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A combined engine and dynamo characterized by the employment of a suit-
able dynamo of any type, having an engine secured thereto either upon the
pole piece, the connecting yoke, or a suitable bracket, the engine having a
reciprocating piston which transmits rotation to the armature shaft by a recipro-
cating connecting rod, and the engine carrying a suitable valve mechanism which
is removable with the engine, said valve being operated from the armature shaft
as by an eccentric and connecting rod.

page_text: 2. A combined engine and dynamo having the characteristics defined in
Claim 1, and further characterized by the employment of a slide or cross head
which works in a chamber or guide formed in the dynamo and provided with a
wrist pin which projects through a slot in the dynamo and to which is connected
the reciprocating rod which rotates the armature.
3. A combined engine and dynamo having the characteristics defined in
Claims 1 and 2, and further characterized by the employment of a plate of non-
magnetic material interposed between the engine and dynamo for the purpose
mentioned.
4. A combined engine and dynamo constructed substantially as herein set
forth and which can be used as a motor and pump or compressor as stated.
Dated thin 24th dov of October 1000
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents.