matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1886

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to the arrangement of the electromagnets in machinery
or apparatus for generating electricity and consists essentially in placing the said
electromagnets outside the plane of rotation of the armature and parallel to
the same.
The said invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying
drawing, in which
Figure 1 is an end elevation of a dynamo electric machine, and
Figure 2 a transverse section of the same.
E is the rotating shaft upon which are secured the armature F, the commutator G,
and the driving pulley.
A, A, are the electromagnets which are secured upon stationary frames D, arranged
in proper position relatively to the armature, and carry the pole pieces C, C. The
magnet frames may have the form of a circle, a square, a hexagon, an octagon, or
any other suitable shape, according to the size and arrangement of the machine.
The electromagnets as shown are arranged radially, but they can be arranged on
chords of a circle or curved.
The connection between the pole-pieces C C of the field magnets can be
established by means of the electromagnets B, as shown, or in a similar. manner.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
by my Foreign Correspondents I declare that what I claim is :—
First. A generator of electricity in which the magnetic field consists of electro-
magnets which are arranged outside the plane of rotation of the armature but
parallel to the said plane of rotation.
Second. The connection of the field magnets with each other by means of
electromagnets, arranged directly between the several pole-pieces as shown, or at
any other part of the pole pieces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER FOR CIGARETTES
Year: 1886

page_text: I JOSEPH BARTON SCAMMELL Cigarette manufacturer of 13 Lordship Park Stoke
Newington in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion for. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER FOR CIGARETTES and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
The improvement consists of the substitution of tobacco leaves in place of the
materials now used for making cigarette papers. The Tobacco leaves are reduced
to a pulp and mixed with starch or some similar binding agent, the process" being.
substantially the same as in ordinary paper making.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
•
A paper for cigarettes composed of tobacco-leaves and the usual binding agent,
vis starch or some similar material.
Year: 1886

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a side view of a combined brush and rake, and Figure 2 a plan
of the same, in both figures portion of the handle only is shown.
In the back of the stock of each brush on the reverse side to that in which the
bristles A are inserted, "the bunches of bristles in the drawings are indicated by
dotted lines only."
I cause a requisite number of holes to be formed, in each of which I insert
a pin B of wood, iron, or other suitable metal in the positions shown at Figure 2
or thereabout, the number of the pins varying according to the length of the brush,
the distance the pins are placed apart varying according to the use to which the
brush rake is applied, or a metal rake may be secured to the back of the brush.
The combined brush and rake may be employed to collect the cinders and clear
up the ashes at a fire grate or stove and is equally useful in various stores to
collect goods, and sweep up the refuse.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
The combined brush and rake substantially as described and illustrated in the
drawings annexed.
Improve stair-rod
Year: 1886

page_text: ARTHUR READ POLLARD No. 4 Hertford Road Worthing in the county of Sussex,
Artist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
An Improved stair-rod eye, as delineated in the drawings hereto annexed.
"Figure 1" represents the invention, which consists of a pin thereon marked "A,"
a cutting plate "B B," and an ordinary eye "C." Figures 3 and 4 being front and
side views of the cutting plate marked "BB" on Figure 1. The mode of fixing is
to insert the point in the angle formed by the tread and riser of stairs, with the hole
or eye facing the top of stairs, then with the thumb and fingers give the fixer a
quarter of a turn on its axis, which will cause the cutting plate to enter the riser and
tread of stairs and become firmly fixed. Figure 5 represents the Improved stair-rod
eye, with the point inserted prior to the quarter turn being made, and Figure 6 the
invention ready to receive stair rod after the quarter turn has been made.
The invention can also be attached to Stair Eyes having angle plates with exactly
the same mode of usage, or for angle eyes generally.
The advantages claimed for the Invention are facility and ease of fixing and
unfixing combined with great power of resistance a great number being easily fixed
or unfixed in a few moments.
Dated this 15th day of September 1886.
ARTHUR READ POLLARD.

page_text: An Improved Stair-rod Eye.
ARTHUR READ POLLARD No. 4 Hertford Road, Worthing in the county of Sussex
Artist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
$6
An improved stair-rod eye, as delineated in the drawings left with Provisional
Specification. Figure 1" represents the invention which consists of a Pin, thereon
marked "A," a Cutting Plate marked "B, B" and an ordinary eye "C." Figures 3
and 4 being front and side views of the cutting plate marked "BB" on Figure 1.
The mode of fixing is to insert the pin in the angle formed by the tread and riser of
stairs with the hole or eye facing the top of stairs, then give the improved stair-rod
eye, a quarter of a turn on its axis, which will cause the cutting plate to enter the
riser and tread of stairs and become firmly fixed. Figure 5 represents the Improved
stair rod eye with the pin inserted prior to the quarter turn being made and
Figure 6" the invention ready to receive stair rod after the quarter turn has been
".
made.
The invention can also be attached to Stair rod eyes having angle plates, with the
same mode of Fixing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is.
1. The part of Stair rod eye herein called a pin, and marked "A" on drawings left
with Provisional Specification.
2. The part of Stair rod eye herein called a cutting plate and marked "BB" and
Figures 3 and 4 on the aforesaid Drawings.
3. The mode of fixing my improved stair rod eye as herein described and shewn
on Drawings.
Dated this 11th day of June 1887.
Year: 1886

page_text: REUBEN ACKERMAN, Loom Tuner, 32 Middleton road, Grimsbury, Banbury, and
WILLIAM SHORE, Woollen Spinner, 90 Causeway, Grimsbury, Banbury. We do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A small iron Frame 4 inches deep by 3 inches broad, with a slot inch broad
and inch deep; 1 and 8 inch from left-hand side, and g of an inch from right-
hand side; with one bracket on each side to carry a small shaft with a small
casting at one end, to carry two wire needles to fall and rise in the said slot.
There is another casting of four inches long with a pin to hold it, so that, by
means of a cord connected therewith at one end, and fixed at the other end to the
front of the Loom, it swings like the pendulum of a clock, and raises and lowers
the needles aforesaid, which, whenever the weft breaks in the Shuttle, drop; and
stop the said pendulum, which in its turn stops the Loom, by engaging with a
projection on a rod of the stopping mechanism.
REUBEN ACKERMAN,
32, Middleton Road, Grimsbury.
WILLIAM SHORE,
90, Causeway, Grimsbury.

page_text: REUBEN ACKERMAN, Loom Tuner, 32 Middleton Road, Grimsbury, Banbury, and
WILLIAM SHORE, Woollen Spinner, 90 Causeway, Grimsbury, Banbury. We do
hereby declare the nature of this invention for A POWER-LOOM WEFT STOP-MOTION,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
A small iron frame, A, 4 inches deep by 3 inches broad, is screwed, on to the
front of the sway beam, H, of the Loom; with a slot, I, inch broad and inch
deep; 1 inch from left hand side and of an inch from right hand side; with one
bracket, K, on each side to carry a small shaft, D, with a small casting at one
end, C, to carry two wire needles; E, which fall and rise in the said slot, I, with
the working of the Loom. There is another casting, B, of four inches long, with a
pin, L, to hold it, so that, by means of a cord, F, connected there with at one end,
and fixed at the other end to the back of the breast beam of the Loom, it swings
like the pendulum of a clock, raising and lowering the needles aforesaid; which,
whenever the weft breakes in the shuttle causes the needles, E, to drop and to
engage with the projection, G, of the pendulum, B, and stops the said pendulum-
like casting, which in its turn stops the Loom, by engaging with a projection on
the rod of the stopping mechanism.
Note. The needles, whilst the weft remains unbroken, have a certain normal
oscillatory motion, pointing up and down alternately; but the moment the weft
breakes, they being no longer checked in their downward movement-drop below
their normal point of descent; and doing so, they stop the movement of the
pendulum-like casting, B which by the mechanism described before, stops the Loom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
wę claim is
1st. That the pendulum casting, B, and
2nd. The cord, F, attached to the said pendulum casting, B, are novelties in this
invention.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ADOLPH GUTMACHER, of Nº 24, Great Alie Street, Aldgate, in the County of
Middlesex, Cigarette Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of cigarettes, and consists in an
improved construction of mouth piece.
According to my invention, I make the mouth piece of a conical or taper shape,
using a paper of sufficient stiffness and proper smoothness for the purpose, such as
writing paper. The mouth piece embraces the end of the cigarette, to which it is
cemented. I find that liquid starch is well adapted as a cement, for the purpose
of attaching the mouth piece to the cigarette. The small end of the mouth piece
is tipped with amber.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, ADOLPH GUTMACHER, of No 24, Great Alie Street, Aldgate, in the County of
Middlesex, Cigarette Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to the manufacture of cigarettes, and consists in an
improved construction of mouth-piece.
Up to the present time, the mouth-pieces of cigarettes have been made parallel,
but, according to my invention, I make them of a conical shape tapering from the
cigarette.
With a cigarette made according to my invention, the smoke impinges upon the
sides of the mouthpiece, as it is drawn through the latter, depositing thereupon the
nicotine and cognate impurities, as well as small particles of tobacco, which would
otherwise pass on into the smoker's mouth.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a cigarette to which my invention is applied,
a being my improved mouth piece, and b the cigarette.
Fig. 2 is an elevation corresponding therewith.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of a mouth piece.
Fig. 4 is a plan of a mouth piece blank.
The mouth piece blank is made, preferably, of paper of the proper degree of
stiffness and smoothness, e.g., cream laid writing paper. The mouth-piece blank is
tubulated in any convenient and suitable way, and made to embrace the cigarette
as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
The operations of both tubulating the blank, and attaching it to the cigarette,
may be carried out in any convenient way, starch being used by preferance as a
cement.
The mouth piece may be tipped with amber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
2
Cigarette mouth pieces of a conical shape tapering from the body of the cigarette 3
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th day of August 1886.
An Improved Connection or Arrangement in Sleeve Links in the Method of Attaching the Front or Face Plates to each other.
Year: 1886

page_text: An Improved Connection or Arrangement in Sleeve Links in the
Method of Attaching the Front or Face Plates to each other.
GEORGE ALBERT BROWN Engraver 17 Miranda Road. Highgate N. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The sleeve links, solitaires or studs in which the connecting bar consists of an
ordinary (or similar) snap fastening i.e. a barrel fastened or attached to one of the
face plates or buttons & a snap stem being attached to the corresponding one.
By this method the barrel is passed through the hole or holes of the shirt cuff &
then connected by the stem being inserted into the barrel.
The object of the invention is to prevent the creasing & soiling the cuffs etc. by
doing away with the necessity of having to force the stud, button or face plate
through the button holes.
Fig. 1 represents shirt cuff with barrel passed through the link holes & the corre-
sponding link with stem in position to be inserted into the barrel.
Fig. 2 Links, link plate or face plates A. stem B. barrel C.
Fig. 3 Shirt studs, top of stud A. stem B barrel C. bottom of stud D.
Fig. 4 Solitaires, top of solataire A. barrel B stem of solataire C. bottom of
Solitaire D.
Solatile D.
What I claim is
A barrel & stem in different manner & forms, similar to an ordinary snap fastening
to be attached to sleeve links, solataires & studs as described with reference to the
annexed drawings.
Year: 1886

page_text: HENRY CHARLES HARRISON, 70 Princess Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, Clerk
& Traveller do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improvement consists in making "Tongs" out of 'Hoop, Strip, or Sheet Iron,
Steel, Brass or other metal in one piece & in a cold state in the following manner.
I first take a piece of the Iron, Steel, Brass or other Metal cut to the proper
dimensions, say for illustration 20 inches long by inches wide by 18 wire gauge,
& groove it lengthwise in the form of the letter U to give it strength & stability-
this grooving commences about an inch from each end & extends for about seven
inches towards the centre which is left flat, & is afterwards bent into a half circle
to form the Spring-the ends that grip the article to be picked up can be left flat
or otherwise as may be required.

page_text: Articles of all kinds.
HENRY CHARLES HARRISON,. 70 Princess Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham Clerk
and Traveller do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF "TONGS" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My improvement consists in making "Tongs" out of Hoop, Strip, or Sheet Iron,
Steel, Brass or other metal in one piece, & in a hot or cold state in the following
manner.
I first take a piece of the Iron, Steel, Brass or other Metal, cut to the proper
dimensions say, for illustration, twenty inches long, one inch wide, by eighteen
wire gauge in thickness, and groove it lengthwise in the form of the letter U (see
drawing No. 1 reference B), or turn it round into the form of a Tube (see drawing
No. 2 reference B) to give it strength and stability-This grooving or forming
into a Tube commences about, an inch from each end, & extends for six or seven
inches towards the centre, & so forms the handles for the hand to grip-the
centre of Tongs being left flat is then bent round as per drawings Nos. 1 & 2,
reference A, & so forms the Spring-the ends of the Tongs (see drawings Nos. 1 & 2
reference C) can be fluted, jagged, left plain or otherwise, according to requirements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
1 Making out of Hoop, Strip, or Sheet Iron, Steel, Brass or other metal.
2 Grooving same, into the shape of the letter U to form the handles as per
drawing No. 1 reference B.
3 Shaping same into a Tube to form the handles as per drawing No. 2 reference B.
EXTINGUISHING FIRE
Year: 1886

page_text: I GEORGE LOUIS CONRAD ELIAS AUGUST CHRISTIAN KLINGENSTEIN of Number
156 Cashel Street in the City of Christchurch in the Colony of New Zealand
Hotelkeeper do hereby declare the nature of my invention for EXTINGUISHING FIRE
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Equal parts of common soda, and salt sea or bay preferred saturated solution
I may state 1 lb of each to a gallon water thrown by any means upon the flames.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. That the above combination of ingredients and the proportions in which they
are mixed is new.
2. That when applied as above a small quantity of the solution will extinguish
a large area of fire however inflammable the material may be and render it difficult
to again ignite.
Year: 1886

page_text: I WILLIAM WINSTANLEY STRODE of 48 Osnaburgh Street, London in the county
of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the application to the manufacture and con-
struction of Bedsteads of hammered wrought iron brass or copper.
Metallic bedsteads as usually constructed are cast or drawn in various pieces
either solid or tubular, which pieces are afterwards fixed together, or the hori-
zontal frame alone is formed of rolled or wrought iron, the upright end portions
being cast or drawn in one or more pieces, and any ornamentation is cast or
stamped thereon; by this construction a high degree of artistic ornamentation
cannot be obtained consistently with the requisite lightness and strength.
According to my invention I may construct the frame and corner pillars in the
ordinary manner and fill in the cross head and foot portions between the uprights
and other desired portions with hammered wrought iron brass or copper, but
I prefer to construct the whole bedstead as shown in the accompanying drawing
of hammered wrought iron brass or copper, and I form also when desired the
valances side brackets and head piece and other ornamental parts of the same
material: by this construction I not only obtain greater strength durability and
non-liability to fracture than heretofore, but am able at the same time to effect any
desired degree of artistic decoration. Ornamental hammered iron parts may be
fixed to ordinary or wrought iron frames by studs bolts or bands, or slipped over
the uprights, pins being formed where necessary on the side bars to fit into
corresponding holes in the frame, or grooves may be cast on the uprights or
formed in the wrought iron for the reception of suitable projections on the corre-
sponding parts. The drawings show clearly the nature and application of the
invention, and although certain designs are shown thereon it is obvious that I do
not confine myself to such designs but may use others of any required degree of
ornamentation.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
In the construction of bedsteads the use and application substantially as and
for the purposes described and illustrated of hammered wrought iron brass or
copper.
Year: 1886

page_text: We, AUGUSTE ARSÈNE OLIVIER, Engineer and EDMOND LUCY, Jeweller, both
of Paris in the Republic of France do hereby declare the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to a case made in several compartments to hold pins,
needles or such like articles, these compartments being arranged like the chambers
of a revolver, as we will describe referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, Fig. 2 a side view, Fig. 3 a sectional plan and
Fig. 4 a plan of the top, of a revolver case according to our invention, Fig. 5 is a
section to an enlarged scale of the lid. The case consists of a number of tubes A
arranged around a central axis B which is rivetted to the bottom C and on which
the lid D is free to turn. The lid has through it a hole F and in its downwardly
projecting lip a number of notches a one corresponding to each of the tubes A.
In one of these tubes there is a spring H pressing upwards a bolt I which, when it
faces the hole F, closes it. A stud M projects from the bolt I through a slot R.
On pressing down the bolt I by the finger, the lid can be turned so as to bring its
hole F to face any one of the tubes A for the introduction or withdrawal of its
contents. The lid is held in position by the stud M engaging in one of the
notches a. A middle band E surrounds the tubes and this may be numbered or
otherwise marked to distinguish them. The construction may be somewhat
modified as shewn by Fig. 6 which is a vertical section and Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11
which shew to an enlarged scale details of the lid. In this case the notches a of
Fig. 5 are dispensed with, the end of the bolt I being tapered so as to enter any
one of the slots a formed in a plate c, which is shewn in section at Fig. 7 and in
plan at Fig. 8. This plate has through it the opening F¹ and in its centre a
polygonal hole e to fit over a central boss d of the lid as shewn in Figs. 9 and 10.
This boss is burred over the plate c as shewn in Fig. 11. The interior of the
tubes A are by preference lined with paper or fabric, or are varnished to prevent
rusting of their contents. A good lining for them is flock made to adhere by
suitable gum or cement.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The construction and use of a revolver case for pins and needles and such like
articles, consisting of a number of tubes closed at the bottom and fixed around a
central axis around which a lid can be turned so as to bring an opening to face
any tube, this opening being in one position of the lid closed by a spring bolt,
substantially as herein described.
2. In combination with the revolving lid and the spring bolt, or a stud thereon
the holes or notches of the lid, one for each tube, for the purpose of holding the lid
in position, as herein described.
+
.
Year: 1886

page_text: I JULIUS LEWY, of 22 Alexandrinen Strasse, Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia
and Empire of Germany, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a novel apparatus applied to a copying press with the
object of avoiding the moistening of the copy-paper by hand, or the application of
wet india rubber sheets.
The upper plate of the press is always maintained by this novel apparatus in a wet
condition, so that any desired number of copies may be made without loss of time in
moistening the copy sheet.
I attain this purpose by the arrangement hereinafter described and shown on the
accompanying sheet of drawing, upon which-Figure 1 is an elevation and a sectional
view of the press and Figure 2 a plan view of the bottom of the water tank.
The upper plate D of the press is transformed into a water tank or reservoir, by
fixing to the inner face of the plate a box made of sheet metal or other suitable
material. The bottom of this box is perforated in its whole surface in a uniform
manner (see Fig. 2), but so that, notwithstanding its perforation, it has a sufficient
resisting force against bulging.
Below the bottom 6 I place a felt-sheet which is not too thin and must be made
from a material as homologous as possible. The sheet is pressed against the bottom b
by means of a cover e made of a particularly strong and thick linen cloth or of other
suitable stuff, and which is suitably fixed to the plate D, so that the cover entirely
envelopes the whole water tank.
When the tank W is charged with water through openings arranged in the upper
plate D, the felt-sheet absorbs plenty of water in all its parts and moistens uniformly
the linen cloth cover e stretched over the felt.
When a letter, which is covered by the silk or other suitable paper intended for
receiving the copy, is now placed under the press, the silk-paper is inoistened by the

page_text: cover e. At the same time the felt-sheet, which is below the water-tank, is compressed
by the pressure exerted by the copying operation on the upper part, and thereby
again delivers water to the linen-cloth-cover, so that this latter is continually moistened
as long as there is water in the tank; for as long as there is water in the tank ; for
after each copying operation the compressed felt-sheet extends and the hollow spaces
produced by the delivery of water to the cover e, eagerly suck up water out of the
reservoir.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
A copying press provided with a self acting moistening apparatus, in which the
upper pressing plate D is arranged to contain a water-tank W, through the perforated
bottom b of which the water infiltrates into the felt-sheet which moistens the cloth-
f
cover e stretched over the felt-sheet substantially as above described and shown in the
drawing.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, JOSEPH WARREN CALEF, of North Easton, in the County of Bristol, State of
Massachusetts, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby, declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Figure 1, represents a perspective view of a shovel embodying the invention.
Figure 2, represents a perspective view of a hoe embodying the invention.
My invention consists of a shovel, spade, hoe or similar tool, the lower end of the
blade of which is provided with teeth which have certain characteristics whereby
the effectiveness of the tool is vastly increased, and work may be performed with
comparative ease.
Referring to the drawings:
A represents the blade of a shovel, spade, hoe, etc., which excepting as far as the
present invention is concerned, may be of usual construction.
The lower end of the blade is formed with teeth B, which are dishing or concavo-
convex.
In figure 1, the concavity of the teeth faces to the front, and in figure 2, it faces
to the rear, but there is no limitation to either form, and in some cases, the teeth
may be constructed so that some have their concavities face the front and others
face the rear,
The teeth are tapering and their sides are sharpened from their points to the
places of union with the body of the shovel, etc., or partly so, as desired.
It will be seen that owing to the teeth, the tool readily penetrates the ground
and breaks the same, serving somewhat as a pick, thus vastly easing the work of
digging, and increasing the extent of the same, the teeth of shovels and spades also
holding the material which gathers thereon. For shoveling coal, stone, etc., the
teeth of tlie shovels enter between the pieces thereof without material obstruction,
and render such operation much less laborious than heretofore.
The teeth, owing to their dishing or concavo-convex form, possess great strength,
and their rounded faces glide over pebbles, etc., preventing them being caught
between the teeth, the teeth also working through the soil with an oblique cut.
The edges of the teeth are sharpened and continue so, as they wear themselves
sharp, owing to the friction thereon when the tool is in use.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A shovel, spade, hoe, etc., having its lower end provided with teeth which are
concavo-convex or dishing, substantially as described.
2. A shovel, spade, hoe, etc., having its lower end provided with teeth which are
tapering and concavo-convex, substantially as described.
3. A shovel, spade, hoe, etc., having its lower end provided with teeth which are
concavo-convex and sharpened, substantially as described.
4. A shovel, spade, hoe, etc., having its lower end provided with teeth which are
tapering, concavo-convex and sharpened, substantially as described.
Data
L
1000
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLES
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1886
Complete Left, 25th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 11th Oct., 1887
RESERVE
I, RICHARD REES 146 Aldersgate Street London E.C. Haberdashery Buyer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BUCKLES to be as
follows:-
Metal Buckles made with movable, spring frames, the pressure of, which admits of
the passage of the pin or pins of the buckle through corresponding openings in the
frames, thus releasing the web or other fabric previously secured.

page_text: 1, RICHARD REES 146 Aldersgate Street London E.C. Haberdashery Buyer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to. be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
Metal Buckles made with movable spring frames, the upper bar being notched and
having telescopic action at a.; the centre bar having a corresponding telescopic action
at b. and passing in a reduced size through the frame of the buckle at c. is secured as
a movable rivet at d.
Compression of the buckle with the thumb and forefinger at e. e. causes the points
of the pins, and the notches in the upper bar to move towards each other, until the
points of the pins arrive directly above the notches thus permitting the passage
of the pins through the said notches and releasing the web or other fabric previously
secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The immediate release of the web or other secured fabric by the passage of the
pins through the notches in the buckle as a result of pressure applied to the sides of
the same.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ELIZA JESSIE HOUSTOUN of Clerkington in the County of Haddington, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved apparatus or brasier for containing or
carrying fuel and it has for its object to provide a convenient and portable
receptacle suitable for use by troops on the march or in encampments, for pic-nic,
lawn-tennis, and other out of door parties and entertainments, and generally where
a brasier is required capable of being transported from place to place in the
open air.
Figure 1 of the drawings hereunto appended is a vertical section and figure 2 a
plan of the improved apparatus constituting the invention, figure 3 being a
separate view of the resting or supporting tripod or stand thereof.
As shown by these drawings the apparatus consists of a fuel basket or brasier A,
which is composed of an upper ring or band B, and a lower ring or band C,
preferably of lesser diameter than the upper ring the two rings or bands being
connected together by wires or bars D, whilst another series of wires or bars E,
extend across the space enclosed by the lower ring C, so as to constitute a rest or
support for the fuel.
The fuel basket has a handle F, for the purpose of carrying it about, the said
handle being capable of folding down when desired and it has also provided in
conjunction with it a rest or grid G, on which the pot, kettle or other vessel
containing what it is desired to heat or cook is supported. The grid G, which
is removable, rests on the upper edge of the ring or band B, the ends of the grid
being hooked or bent to embrace the ring as shown at figure 4.
When in use for heating or cooking, the basket or fuel containing part rests in a
tripod or stand composed of a ring or band H, which has three or more feet I and
the said ring or band is of such diameter as to be capable when the brasier is out
of use of being inserted in the upper end of the fuel containing basket so as to
reduce the space occupied by the apparatus and render it more portable. To
enable this to be more readily done the legs or feet I are hinged to the ring or
band H so as to be capable of being folded inwards and when so folded the

page_text: handle F, is turned down, the rest G is lifted out and the tripod or stand inserted
in the upper end of the brasier as indicated at figure 3, the rest G, being then
re-inserted to hold the parts in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The improved apparatus or brasier for containing or carrying fuel and consisting
of the fuel basket A, the removable folding tripod or stand B, and the removable
rest G, arranged and combined substantially as described with reference to the
annexed drawings.
Dated this Twelfth day of January 1886.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
Agents.
Year: 1886

page_text: I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from
Harry B. Cox of Cincinnati in the County of Franklin, and State of Ohio, United
States of America, Electrician) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to produce a simple battery element, which shall
be capable of withstanding the effect of frequent or careless handling and can be
readily transported when in complete working order or may be placed in any
position and even completely inverted, without affecting its value as a generator or
changing the position of the electrodes; furthermore it will incidentally possess
other advantages which will appear hereinafter.
To this end the invention consists in a battery element having its exciting fluid
or fluids thickened to the consistency of jelly by some substance not detrimental to
the chemical action said fluid being capable of fermentation.
The electrodes and the exciting fluid or fluids may be such as are generally
known and used in primary batteries. I add to the exciting fluid or fluids a
certain proportion of gelatine corn-starch corn-meal or any similar substance or
several of them not detrimental to the chemical action of the exciting fluid or
fluids. Enough should be added to bring the mixture to the consistency of a thick
paste or jelly so that it will retain its form in whatever position the cell may be
placed.
The mixing may be effected either before or after the exciting fluid or fluids
have been poured into the cell. In either case the electrodes will be enveloped in
the mixture and will be retained in their relative positions irrespective of the
treatment to which the battery cell may be subjected or of the position in which it
may be placed.
:
This makes an especial valuable battery element for use upon railway trains
or steamships or in laboratory work, where it is frequently necessary to move a
battery about.

page_text: Furthermore although the mixture possesses sufficient moisture to act freely
upon the electrodes it is yet less liable to freeze than an ordinary cell. Should a
vegetable substance be used to effect the thickening, which will ferment when
moistened, it will increase the quickening effect of the exciting fluid or fluids and
thus augment the strength of the battery.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
A battery element having its exciting fluid thickened by gelatine to the
consistency of jelly or its equivalent so as to admit of fermentation and thereby
assist in the action of the exciting fluid."
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 11th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th Nov., 1887.
JOSEPH TAYLOR and GEORGE EDWARD TUCKER 41 Berwick Street Oxford Street
W. Art Metal Workers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The Improved Electric Lamp Shade Holder is a wire framework so formed &
balanced that whether the Electric fitting (for which we purpose using our Improved
Electric Shade Holder viz:-any of those fittings which can used as pillar lights or
bracket lights) is used pillar-like or bracket-like the shade is always above the light
and directing its rays on objects around it.
The formation of the Improved Electric Lamp Shade Holder is thus :-
A flat wire support is fixed by its centre on the nozzle of the Electric fitting imme-
diately beneath the Incandescent lamp, and to the ends of this support are fixed a wire
ring so as to swing easily on these points. On this ring is erected the framework
according to the shape of Shade it is destined to carry; and from the lower portion
of this ring midway between the points on which it swings is fixed the lever-balance,
which steadies its movement and keeps it always over the light. This lever-balance
is the same length and curve as a quadrant of the circle it is appended to; and from
its fixture to the ring, it is passed through the stem of pillar and weighted on the
farther end with a brass knob.
Thus on tilting the head of fitting forward-for instance, when hanging it on the
wall as a bracket-the lever-balance regulates the movement of the shade, keeps it
steady and free from rocking, and finally holds the shade horizontally over the Electric
Lamp.
In this, we hold and maintain that our Improved Electric Lamp Shade Holder has
great superiority over double-balance-weight Shade Holders, as they have a tendency
to swing to and fro, at the slightest movement of fitting.
JOSEPH TAYLOR.
G. E. TUCKER.
IMPROVEMENT IN PANTALOON PROTECTORS
Year: 1886

page_text: I THEODORE YOUNG KINNE of Paterson in the County of Passaic and State of
New Jersey United States of America Physician do declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENT IN PANTALOON PROTECTORS and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
The object of my invention is to provide a simple cheap and reliable means for
protecting the bottom of the legs of pantaloons or trowsers from wear blacking
grease etc. This object I attain by the device illustrated in the accompanying
drawing which will be hereinafter explained and pointed out in the claims Fig. 1
of the drawing shows in elevation a pair of pantaloons having my invention
applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan of the same. A represents a pair of
pantaloons of any size or shape to the inner lower surface of the legs of which
pantaloons or trowsers I secure a helical spring protector B. The protector which
I make preferably of brass wire on account of its elasticity I coat with some
material or substance that will not discolor the shoes of the wearer of the
pantaloons when the protector is in contact therewith. The protector B I secure
to the pantaloons or trowsers A, by stitches that pass over that part of the coils of
the protector only that lies next to the inner lower surface of the legs of the
pantaloons just high enough above the bottom of the same for the protector to
escape notice. This mode of fastening the protector in position to the legs of the
pantaloons prevents the stitches from being weakened by rub and chafe which
would be the case were the stitches in contact with the shoes of the wearer of the
pantaloons A.
It will readily be seen that by the use of my invention that the bottom of the
legs of pantaloons or trowsers are amply protected from wear, and from being soiled
by the blacking and grease from the shoes of the wearer, as heretofore without the
use of my invention, which is cheaply and easily applied, and which preserves the
shape of the pantaloon legs it being elastic. The protector B may be made of any
suitable form as cylindrical oval etc.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is
First. The combination of the pantaloons A and helical spring protector B,
secured by stitches that pass over that part of the coils of the protector only that
lie next to the inner lower surface of the legs of the pants, for protecting the
pantaloons from wear blacking and grease substantially as described.
DELL
NavAmber 1886
Year: 1886

page_text: SAMUEL PHILLIPS 10 Beamish Rd. Millbrook Rd. Lower Edmonton, Middlesex
Engraver do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—,
This invention consists of a sheet copper box or other suitable material for
holding water, and which I prefer to be of square shape, though it may be made in
any other convenient shape The attachments to the box are 1st a lid which holds
a mirror 2nd a shelf sunk half inch from the top containing compartments for
shaving brush also lather pot made of porcelain or any other suitable material
sunk sufficiently low in the water for retaining the heat of lather 3rd a draw
which slides at the bottom of the box containing a spirit or other lamp, constructed
so as to heat the water in the box.

page_text: SAMUEL PHILLIPS Engraver 10 Beamish Road Millbrook Road Lower Edmonton
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of my invention for COMBINATION SHAVING
APPLIANCE and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention consists of a sheet copper box or or other suitable material to be
of square shape, or any other convenient shape, for holding water, the attachments
to the box are
1st. A lid which holds a mirror 2nd A shelf sunk half an inch below the top
containing compartments for shaving brush, also lather pot made of porcelain or
any other suitable material, sunk sufficiently low in the water for retaining the
heat of lather 3rd A draw which slides at the bottom of the box containing a
spirit or other lamp, constructed so as to heat the water in the box, also a space for
holding paper to wipe the lather off the razor.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be arranged, I declare that what I claim in particular
in the invention as being novel, is
That the soap dish being sunk sufficiently low into the water to allow the water
to flow round it, so that when the water is heated, the soap will be heated to,
thereby rendering it more easy to get a lather, also that the lather, necessarily be
warm so insuring a comfortable shave.
AN IMPROVED IRON WHEEL FOR BARROWS
Year: 1886

page_text: THOMAS EVANS ROWLAND and WILLIAM RICHARD ROWLAND (trading as
Rowland Brothers) of Fenny Stratford near Bletchley in the County of
Buckingham, Timber Merchants and Contractors do hereby declare the naturė
of our invention for AN IMPROVED IRON WHEEL FOR BARROWS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In order that our invention may be the better understood we now proceed to
describe the drawing on sheet herewith annexed showing a plan and section of the
wheel.
.
C. is a wrought iron spoke securely rivetted to the cast iron boss F at one end &
prepared the other end as shown on section at C. with a stud for rivetting into the
inner tyre D. and receiving the half-round side of same in the jaw.
D. is a wrought iron half-round tyre secured to each of the spokes as above
described.
E. is an outer tyre made of flat wrought iron and is shrunk on hot.
G. is a wrought iron spindle firmly secured into the boss F.
Having described the nature of the invention we declare that what we claim is
1. The great advantage arising from shrinking the outer tyre E on and thereby
tightening and stiffening the whole wheel and further that being entirely independent
of the other parts, these tyres when worn can be renewed without renewing any
other portion of the wheel, thereby making the wheel practically everlasting by the
periodical renewing of the tyre at a small cost.
2. The originality (nothing of the kind being in use, to our knowledge, in
Barrow Wheels) of the shape of the inner tyre, the half-round portion sitting
securely in the jaw of the spoke, and the upper surface flat to enable the outer
tyre to be readily shrunk on closely fitting.
3. The twist in the spoke giving elegance and strength combined with lightness.
4. General lightness and consequent cheapness combined with great strength,
rigidity and durability.
PEL
1000
Year: 1886

page_text: I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from
A. and L. Meyer of Berlin in the German Empire) and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :--
This invention refers to improvements in bedsteads and has for its object to do
away with the side parts of the bedstead by fixing the mattress frame direct in the
bed posts.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of the bed.
Figure 2 a plan of the under side of the mattress frame.
Figure 3 a plan of the bolster frame.
The two sides of the mattress frame A have the same appearance and polish
generally as the posts and panels B B so that when the frame is fixed in the posts
the whole has the appearance of an ordinary bed. If the bed however is to be
separated into the three pieces A B B. the novelty of this construction is at once
apparent.
The frame A consists of four strong sides and ends a a a a braced by a stay-
piece b (Figure 2).
The mattress consists of two parts whose upper and adjustable part serves as
a substitute for the bolster. This bolster frame D is connected to the frame A. by
the hinges e e and can be adjusted in the racks c c¹ by the detents d d¹ jointed
to the frame D by the bolts fƒ.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is
1. The herein described construction of bedstead in which a mattress frame
such as A is used and is fixed direct in the bedposts, so doing away with the side
parts of the bed substantially as specified.
2. The combination of the adjustable bolster frame such as D with the mattress
frame A substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 14th day of January 1886.