IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTERNAL LAMPS FOR BAD חתחת DIIDDOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Marcius Silber of Wood Street Cheapside in the
City of London for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTERNAL LAMPS FOR
BAD
חתחת
DIIDDOSES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Albert Marcius Silber at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1882.
"t
ALBERT MARCIUS SILBER of Wood Street Cheapside in the City of London
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTERNAL LAMPS FOR RAILWAY TRAINS AND SIGNALS AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
My invention relates to the construction of lamps for use as the external lamps
which are placed at the ends and at the sides of railway trains usually provided
with coloured glasses, a similar construction being applicable for railway signal
and other lamps generally used in exposed positions.
The external casing or lantern with its lens on one side or with lenses.on both
sides and internal lamp or oil reservoir are made with suitable air channels,
chimney and windguards as described in the Specifications to Patents granted to
Silber and White No 2007 of 1871; Silber and Farquahar No 3291 of 1873 and
Silber No 496 of 1879. The lamp consisting of oil reservoir and burner is fitted
to slide into this lantern through a side door. In order to secure proper com-
bustion and reflection I employ a combined air cone, reflector and chimney which
is a metallic vessel brightly silvered or nickel plated internally in the usual
manner having for convenience of trimming at its lower part projecting upwards
into it the air cone which is like that usually employed to deflect the air against
a lamp flame having at its top a cylindrical tube forming part of the lamp chimney
and having its middle formed as a parabolic conoid the axis of which is horizontal
and the focus approximately in the middle of the lamp flame. On the mouth of
the conoid coloured glass is fitted in a frame secured by a bayonet catch in the
usual manner or coloured lenses may be employed. This vessel is placed over the
burner of the lamp and constitutes an internal illumination chamber receiving its
air supply from the space in the lantern below the oil reservoir, and discharging

page_text: the products of combustion through the chimney and its continuation which passes
through the top of the lantern and is provided with a suitable wind guard. The
side of the chimney tube of the lantern is partly cut away at the side so as to
allow of the lamp chimney being brought into coincidence with it when the lamp
is slid into its place The combined reflector air cone and chimney is formed as
above described when the lamp is to be used at either end of the train so as to
direct its light in only one way either forwards or backwards. When the lamp
is to be used at the side of the train directing its light both ways, the reflector
is made as a double parabolic conoid presenting a glazed mouth each way.
A similar construction is applicable for lamps employed as railway signals, the
reflector being either a single or a double conoid according as the light is to be
directed forwards only or both forwards and backwards.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Albert Marcius Silber in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd November 1882.
"
ALBERT MARCIUS SILBER of Wood Street Cheapside in the City of London
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTERNAL LAMPS FOR RAILWAY TRAINS AND SIGNALS AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
"
My invention relates to the construction of lamps for use as the external lamps
which are placed at the ends and at the sides of railway trains usually provided
with coloured glasses, a similar construction being applicable for railway signal
and other lamps generally used in exposed positions.
The external casing or lantern with its lens on one side or with lenses on both
sides and the internal lamp or oil reservoir are made with suitable air channels,
chimney and windguards. The lamp consisting of oil reservoir and burner is fitted
to slide into this lantern through a side door. In order to secure proper com-
bustion and reflection I employ a combined air cone, reflector and chimney which
is à metallic vessel brightly silvered or nickel plated internally in the usual manner
having for convenience of trimming at its lower part projecting upwards into it
the air cone which is like that usually employed to deflect the air against a lamp
flame and having at its top a cylindrical tube forming part of the lamp chimney
and having its middle formed as a parabolic conoid the axis of which is horizontal
and the focus approximately in the middle of the lamp flame. On the mouth of
the conoid coloured glass is fitted in a frame secured by a bayonet catch in the
usual manner or coloured lenses may be employed. This vessel is placed over the
burner of the lamp and constitutes an internal illumination chamber receiving its
air supply from the space in the lantern below the oil reservoir, and discharging
the products of combustion through the chimney and its continuation which passes
through the top of the lantern and is provided with a suitable windguard. The
side of the chimney tube of the lantern is partly cut away at the side so as to
allow of the lamp chimney being brought into coincidence with it when the lamp
is slid into its place. The combined reflector air cone and chimney is formed as
above described when the lamp is to be used at either end of the train so as to
direct its light in only one way either forwards or backwards. When the lamp is
to be used at the side of the train directing its light both ways, the reflector is
made as a double parabolic conoid presenting a glazed mouth each way.
A similar construction is applicable for lamps employed as railway signals, the
reflector being either a single or a double conoid according as the light is to be
directed forwards only or both forwards and backwards.
Figs 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings a are vertical sections on planes at
right angles to one another of a lamp according to my invention. A is the external
casing having its front with coloured glass or lens 6 arranged to open as a door B
through which when it is opened is slid the lamp, consisting of the oil reservoir C,
the burner and air cone D and the reflector and part chimney E. The upper part F
of the chimney is fixed in the casing, and the front of the lower portion of this is
cut away at f to allow the top of E to pass into line with F. At the lower part
of the sides of the casing are perforations a through which air enters to a space G
under the oil reservoir. Thence the air rises around the sides of the oil reservoir
keeping it cool, and issues by shielded perforations c into the interior of the casing,
part of the air going to supply the lamp and part rising through the lantern to
ventilate it and keep it cool. This air, along with the products of combustion that
ascend the chimney F finds its way out through shielded apertures at the upper
part of the lantern as indicated by the arrows in Fig 1. The reflector E is of the

page_text: form of a parabolic conoid penetrated transversely by the taper chimney part, the
whole internally brightened by silver or nickel plating; the front of the conoid is
covered by a glass e. The burner and air cone D are so arranged as to bring the
flame as much as possible into the focus of the parabola. When the light of the
lamp has to be directed two opposite ways I make the reflector E as shewn in the
section Fig 3, and side elevation Fig 4 in the form of two opposite parabolic conoids
to one.focus, penetrated transversely by the taper chimney part
Having thus described the nature of my invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I claim :-
First. The construction of single reflector chimney for a lamp, consisting of an
internally brightened parabolic conoid penetrated transversely by a tapered chimney
tube containing at is lower end the burner and air cone, substantially as herein
described with reference to Figs 1 and 2.
Second. The construction of double reflector chimney for a lamp consisting of
a pair of opposite parabolic conoids penetrated transversely by a chimney tube
containg the burner and air cone, substantially as herein described with reference
to Figs 3 and 4.
In Witness whereof I the said Albert Marcius Silber have hereunto set
my hand and seal this twenty third day of November in the year of our
Lord One thousand Eight hundred and Eighty-two.