IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING BRUISING, AND PULVERIZING
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Dray, of the firm of William Dray and
Company, of Swan Lane, in the City of London, Agricultural
Implement Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING BRUISING, AND PULVERIZING."
Sealed the 23rd March 1853, and dated the 20th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Dray at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th November 1852.
I, WILLIAM DRAY, of the firm of William Dray and Company, of
Swan Lane, in the City of London, Agricultural Implement Makers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING, BRUISING, AND PULVERIZING" to be as
follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in adapting one or more
hammers, constructed and worked in a manner similar to the
ordinary "tilt hammers." The Drawing hereunto annexed repre-
sents the arrangement which I adopt for crushing and pulverizing
gold quartz and other materials. A, A, is the framework; B, is a

page_text: shaft which turns in plummer blocks bolted to the framework. This
shaft has keyed to it a series of cams C, C. D, is a second shaft,
also turning in the framework. E, E, are levers centered loosely
upon a shaft D. F, F, are heavy blocks or hammers, which are
keyed to one end of the levers E. The other ends of these levers
are acted upon by the cams C. G, is an anvil upon the block G',
and upon which the materials to be crushed are laid. H, is a spur
wheel upon the shaft B, geared into the pinion I, for actuating the
cams for raising the hammers F, F. K, is the fly wheel. This
machine may be worked by a crank handle, keyed upon the shaft
which carries the pinion I.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Dray in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 20th May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM DRAY, of the firm of William Dray & Co., of Swan
Lane, in the City of London, Agricultural Implement Makers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in
the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Dray, Her
special licence that I, the said William Dray, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Dray, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully night make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING, BRUISING, AND PUL-
VERIZING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said

page_text: William Dray, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Dray, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed (that is to say):
My improvements in machinery for crushing, bruising, and
pulverizing" consist in adapting one or more haminers, constructed
and worked in a manner similar to ordinary tilt hammers, to such
purposes. The Drawings hereunto annexed represent the arrange-
ment which I adopt for crushing and pulverizing gold quartz, bones,
gorse, and other materials requiring to be crushed.
Figure 1, is a side elevation;
Figure 2, a front view; and
Figure 3, a plan of a machine constructed according to my In
vention.
A, A, are four pillars or uprights, connected together by the
head stocks B, B. C, is a shaft, which turns in the pluminer blocks
D, D, bolted on the head stocks B, B. E, E, are a series of cams,
which are keyed upon the shaft C. F, is a rod or shaft fixed in
brackets on the uprights A, A. G, G, are a series of levers, which
arc bolted between the flanges a, a, which have eyes b, upon their
underside, so as to be capable of adjustment upon the shaft F. H, H,
are heavy blocks or hammers, which are keyed upon one end of the
levers G. The other ends of the levers are slightly bent down, as
represented, and are acted upon alternately by the cams E.
shaft turning in the brasses d, d, on the head stocks B, B.
keyed upon it the spur pinion K, which gears into the spur wheel
L, on the cam shaft C, and serves to impart motion to the cams
upon turning the crank handle M. W, is a fly wheel. Or, instead
I, is a
It has

page_text: of driving this machine by hand, fast and loose pulleys may be
mounted on the shaft C, and driven from a steam engine or other
primé mover. N, is a block upon which the anvil O, is laid. The
materials to be crushed and pulverized are placed upon the anvil O,
and the machine set to work, which causes the cams, as the shaft C,
revolves, to successively raise or tilt the hammers H, and alternately
cause them to fall upon the imaterials, and so crush and pulverize
them. The face of the hammer is slightly rounded, and the anvil is
also made concave to correspond. For crushing bones and other
animal or vegetable matters, the face of the hammers H, are serrated
or fluted, as shewn, and the anvils are made to correspond. In the
Drawings, one face of the hammer is shewn as being smooth and the
other fluted, so that they are capable of being turned, to adapt them
to the various kinds of materials to be operated upon; the anvils
being made so as also to be capable of being turned to suit such
arrangement.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare that I
claim the improved arrangement and adaptation of machinery for
crushing, bruising, and pulverizing, as herein-before described, and
represented in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Dray, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.