IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TEAZING AND OPENING TEXTILE OR FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Tatham and William Tweedale Heap, of
Rochdale, iu the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TEAZING AND
OPENING TEXTILE OR FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 4th October 1867, and dated the 5th April 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Tatham and
William Tweedale Heap at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 5th April 1867.
We, WILLIAM TATHAM and WILLIAM TWEEDALE HEAP, of Rochdale, in the
County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TEAZING.
AND OPENING TEXTILE OR FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machines for teazing and breaking up and opening
cotton and woollen waste, cop bottoms, rags, or other fibrous or textile
materials. The Invention relates more especially to those machines con-

page_text: taining two or more toothed cylinders or teazers, or to two or more machines
combined or connected to work together for tearing and breaking up and
opening cotton and woollen waste, cop bottoms, rags, or other fibrous or
textile materials.
Our Invention consists in the application of rollers or rollers and plates
or surfaces, or we employ the cages of such machines in combination with
other rollers or surfaces, for the purpose of compressing and condensing the
fibrous or textile material more effectually than heretofore on its passage from
the preceding to the following toothed cylinder of such machines, by which
means the fibrous and textile materials are delivered to the toothed or teazing
cylinders in a more dense, solid, and suitable condition for being more per-
fectly torn and broken up or opened than can be done by any of the machines
hitherto used for the purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Tatham and William Tweedale Heap in the Great
Scal Patent Office on the 5th October 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
TATHAM and WILLIAM TWEEDALE HEAP, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Makers, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
William Tatham and William Tweedale Heap, Her special license that we,
the said William Tatham and William Tweedale Heap, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Tatham
and William Tweedale Heap, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TEAZING AND OPENING TEXTILE
OR FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Tatham and William Tweedale Heap, our executors or adminis-

page_text: trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or ono of our or
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Tatham and William
Tweedale Heap, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
-
This Invention relates to machines for tearing and breaking up and opening
cotton and woollen waste, cop bottoms, rags, or other fibrous or textile
materials. The Invention relates more especially to those machines con-
taining two or more toothed cylinders or teazers, or to two or more machines
combined or connected to work together for tearing and breaking up and
opening cotton and woollen waste, cop bottoms, rags, or other fibrous or textile
materials.
Our Invention consists in the application of rollers or rollers and plates or
surfaces, or we employ the cages of such machines in combination with other
rollers or surfaces for the purpose of compressing and condensing the fibrous
or textile material more effectually than heretofore on its passage from the
preceding to the following toothed cylinder of such machines, by which means
the fibrous and textile materials are delivered to the toothed or teazing
cylinders in a more dense, solid, and suitable condition for being more per-
fectly torn and broken up or opened than can be done by any of the machines
hitherto used for the purpose.
The manner in which our Invention is to be performed will be fully
understood by the following description thereof, reference being had to the
Figures on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon, the same letters being used to represent similar parts of the
machine shewn in each Figure, and the course of the fibrous material indicated
by the arrows.
In Fig. 1 a and b are intended to represent two ordinary toothed cylinders
of a cotton hard waste breaker machine or devil; c and d the common feed
rollers, and e and f the ordinary cage and roller. Between the feed rollers
c and d and the cage and roller e and f we apply a pair of rollers g and h,
which are made to revolve at a greater velocity than the feed rollers c and d,
by which means the fibrous material is condensed between the pair of rollers

page_text: g and h, and the feed rollers c and d into a heavier and more suitable body
for being effectually torn or broken up by the aforesaid toothed cylinders a, b.
The rollers and h may be placed at any suitable distance from the feed
rollers c and d, and if desired a plate or other surface i may be placed
between them, with another plate or roller at a suitable distance above it for
conducting the fibrous material from one pair of rollers to the other, which
latter plate or roller is not shewn in the Drawing. And although we shew
only one pair of condensing rollers 9 and h, any other suitable number may
be employed if preferred.
Figure 2 represents another of our arrangements for the aforesaid purposes,
wherein we cause the cage roller e (which in other machines is made to work
in stationary bearings) to rise and fall, as shewn by the dotted lines j to any
suitable extent above the cage or roller f, and revolve at any required speed
but considerably slower than usual, by which means we are enabled to
accommodate, collect, condense, and deliver a greater and heavier body of
fibrous material beneath the said cage roller at one time than can be done'
in any of the machines heretofore made. Or we modify this arrangement by
applying the cage roller e to work at a considerable distance above the under
cage or roller f, and in connection with them employ two cages or rollers k, l,
placed behind the cages or rollers e and f, as shewn in Fig. 3, to prevent the
fibrous material from being thrown out by the cylinder before the space between
the rollers e and f becomes filled up by the fibrous material, the roller k
being made to rise and fall, as shewn by the dotted lines m, to accommodate
any suitable thickness of material passing beneath the cage or roller e; or
the roller k may be substituted with a cover or door made to turn on a hinge
or otherwise so as to accommodate itself (as in the case of the roller k to
the body of the fibrous material passing beneath it; but although in these last-
named arrangements I shew cages or rollers only, if preferred a travelling
apron or creeper may be used underneath the cage or roller e, as shewn by
the dotted lines n, Fig. 3, or any other suitable number of cages or rollers
may be used without departing from the principle of our Invention, and in
all cases when desired the under cages or rollers may rise and fall instead of
the upper ones, or both upper and lower may be made to rise and fall,
and when a creeper is employed it may also be made to rise and fall as
required.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be under-
strod that we claim as our Invention the improvements in machinery or

page_text: apparatus for teazing and opening textile or fibrous materials, as herein
described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Tatham, for and on behalf of
myself and the said William Tweedale Heap, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Fourth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Tatham, in
the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
WILLIAM TATHAM. (L.S.)