IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANGLES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Howland, of London, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
MANGLES."
Sealed the 22nd December 1857, and dated the 27th June 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Howland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
June 1857.
I, RICHARD HOWLAND, of London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
; declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUC-
TION OF MANGLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention applies to that class of mangles termed "box-mangles," and
is intended to make such mangles run more steadily with less power, and
more adapted to be driven by steam-power than mangles as hitherto con-
O structed; and also to effect an improvement in the method of lifting the
mangle when required. In carrying out this Invention, I employ a straight
rack (with one or two rows of pins), firmly attached to the upper part of one
side of the box. The pinion is mounted upon a shaft, the other end of
which is connected by an universal joint to a short shaft, revolving in bearings,
5 and carrying a spur wheel, which is in gear with a smaller spur wheel upon
the fly wheel shaft. The handle may either be attached to one arm of the
fly wheel or to a winch on the fly wheel shaft. By this arrangement, the

page_text: mangle wheel and chain are dispensed with, and the mangle runs much more
smoothly and without jerks, and is therefore more adapted to be driven by
steam power. In order to lift the mangle there is attached to the side of
the mangle-box at each end an inclined plane, and through the centre upright
of the frame is a slide carrying a pulley at its inner end. When the slide is
pushed inwards by hand, it comes under one of the inclined planes, and lifts
the corresponding end of the mangle-box off its roller. Upon still turning on
in the same direction the mangle-box lowers itself, and the mangle-box at
the centre is provided with a double inclined plane, which pushes the slide
outwards and prevents it from lifting the box until again pushed in by hand.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filel
by the said Richard Howland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd December 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
HOWLAND, of London, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of June in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Richard Howland, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Howland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Richard Howland my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANGLES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Richard Howland, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Howland, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following

page_text: statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, that is to say:-
My Invention applies to that class of mangles termed "box-mangles," and
is intended to make such mangles run more steadily with less power, and
more adapted to be driven by steam-power than mangles as hitherto con-
structed, and also to effect an improvement in the method of lifting the mangle
box when required.
In carrying out this Invention I employ a straight rack (with one or two
rows of pins) firmly attached to the upper part of one side of the box. The
pinion is mounted upon a shaft, the other end of which is connected by an
universal joint to a short, shaft or stud revolving in bearings, and carrying a
spar wheel, which is in gear with a smaller spur wheel upon the fly wheel
shaft. The handle may either be attached to one arm of the fly wheel or to
a winch on the fly wheel shaft. By this arrangement the mangle wheel and
chain are dispensed with, and the mangle runs much more smoothly and with-
out jerks, and is consequently better adapted to be driven by steam-power.
In order to lift the mangle when required, there is attached to the side of
the mangle box, at each end, an inclined plane, and through the central
upright of the frame is a slide carrying a friction roller or pulley at its inner
end. When the slide is pushed inwards by hand, the roller comes under one
of the inclined planes and lifts the corresponding end of the mangle box off
its roller, and upon still turning on in the same direction the mangle box
lowers itself.
The mangle box is provided at the centre with a double inclined plane, which
pushes the slide outwards as it passes, and prevents it from lifting the box
until again pushed in by hand.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention of improvements in
the construction of mangles, I will proceed to describe more in detail the
manner of carrying the same into practical effect, and in order more clearly to
illustrate the construction and application of the various parts, I have annexed
hereunto a Shet of Drawings representing a band mangle of my improved
construction, and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference
corresponding with those in the following explanation thereof, that is to say,—
Figure 1 represents a side view of my improved mangle; and Figure 2 an
end view of the same. a, a, is the framing of the mangle, b, b, the bed, c, c,
the rollers, and d, d, the box. e, e, is the rack, firmly secured to one side of
the top of the box. f,f, is the mangle pinion mounted upon the shaft g, g,
the other end of which is connected by the universal joint or coupling h, h, to
a short shaft or stu, upon which the spur wheel i, i, is keyed. The spur

page_text: wheel i, i, gears with a spur pinion k, k, keyed upon the fly wheel shaft 1, 1.
m, m, is the fly wheel, and n, n, the handle, which is so arranged as to be
easily removed when the mangle is not in use. 0, 0, are the two inclined
planes, and p, p, is the slide for lifting the mangle. The slide p, p, (sce
enlarged detached sectional view) carries at its inner end a friction wheel q, q,
and is furnished with a foot r, r, bearing upon the plate 8, s, which thus
receives the weight of the mangle box when lifting. t, t, is a double inclined
plane (see also enlarged detached view), which, being fastened to the mangle
box, pushes the slide and roller outwards as it passes, and prevents the box
from being lifted until the slide is again pushed in by hand.
Having now described the nature and object of my said "Improvements in
the Construction of Mangles," together with the manner of carrying the same
into practical effect, I would remark, in conclusion, that I claim as the Inven-
tion secured to me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent,-
Firstly, the general construction and arrangement of the several parts of
the mangle as shewn in the Drawings, and above described.
And, secondly, I claim the lifting apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Howland, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of December, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
year of
RICHARD HOWLAND. (L.S.)
Witness,
BRISTOW HUNT,
Sol & Patent Agent,
1, Serle St., Lincoln's Inn.