IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONVERSION INTO STEEL
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Watson Ormiston, of Shotts, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Manager of the Shotts Iron Company, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON
SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONVERSION INTO STEEL."
Sealed the 20th January 1874, and dated the 6th November 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Watson Ormiston
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th November 1873.
I, JOHN WATSON ORMISTON, of Shotts, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Manager of the Shotts Iron Company, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PIG IRON SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONVERSION INTO STEEL," to be as follows,
that is to say:-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the manufacture of
pig iron, has for its object to adapt the ores known as "carbonates" for
the production of a pig iron suitable for being used in the Bessemer,
Siemens, and Siemens-Martin processes for converting pig iron into
steel.

page_text: The Invention consists in smelting the carbonates in combination or
admixture with hæmatite ores, and in particular the carbonate known as
the "curly ball" ironstone, so as to produce a pig iron compounded of
these ores or the carbonate of iron known as the " curly ball" ironstone
may be mixed with the other carbonates in the blast furnace to produce
a pig iron compounded of them, or the objects of the Invention may be
achieved by smelting "curly ball," ironstone, carbonates, and hæmatite
together.
The proportions of the several ores used in producing the compound
pig iron may be varied according to the quality of metal it is desired to
produce in the processes herein-before mentioned.
The smelting of the mixed ores is carried on in the usual manner, and
the distinguishing property of the compound pig iron is its freedom
from or small per centage of silicon, sulphur, and phosphorus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Watson Ormiston in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WATSON ORMISTON, of Shotts, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Manager of the Shotts Iron Company, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Watson Ormiston, Her special
license that I, the said John Watson Ormiston, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Watson
Ormiston, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON SPECIALLY "ADAPTED
FOR CONVERSION INTO STEEL," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,

page_text: the said John Watson Ormiston, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Watson Ormiston, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention which relates to improvements in the manufacture
of pig iron, has for its object to adapt the; ores known as "carbonates"
for the production of a pig iron suitable for being used in the Bessemer,
Siemens, and Siemens-Martin processes for converting pig iron into
steel.
The Invention consists in smelting the carbonates in combination or
admixture with hæmatite ores, and in particular the carbonate known as
the "curly ball" ironstone so as to produce a pig iron compounded of
these ores, or the carbonate of iron known as the "curly ball" ironstone
may be mixed with the other carbonates, at present used in the blast
furnace to prduce a pig iron compounded of them and the "curly ball"
ironstone, or the objects of the Invention may be achieved by smelting
'curly ball," ironstone carbonates, and hæmatite together.
The proportions of the several ores used in producing the compound
pig iron may be varied according to the quality of metal it is desired to
produce in the processes herein-before mentioned, but the following
proportions produce good results, namely,-
First. "Curly ball" one-third, hæmatite two-thirds.
Second. "Curly ball" one-half, hæmatite one-half.
car-
Third. "Curly ball" one-third, hæmatite one-third, common
bonate, that is to say the carbonates at present used in the blast furnaces,
one-third.
Fourth. When hæmatite is not used the "curly ball" ironstone is
mixed with the common carbonates in a proportion of from one half to

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is, the utilising of the "curly ball" iron-
stone in combination with other ironstones, for producing a pig iron
practically free from sulphur and phosphorus, as herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Watson Ormiston, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of April, One:
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
JOHN WATSON ORMISTON. (L.S.)