IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING MINES, SHIPS' HOLDS, AND OTHER PLACES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Fernando Giachosa, of Guy's Cliff Villa, Warwick,
in the County of Warwick, for, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATING MINES, SHIPS' HOLDS, AND OTHER PLACES."
Sealed the 5th December 1862, and dated the 9th June 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Fernando Giachosa at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th June 1862..
I, FERNANDO GIACHOSA, of Guy's Cliff Villa, Warwick, in the County of
Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VENTILATING MINES, SHIPS' HOLDS, AND OTHER PLACES," to be as
follows:-
The object of my improvements is to facilitate the removal of carbonic and
other obnoxious and deleterious gases or vapours from mines and other places.
For this purpose I employ chambers formed by covers and diaphragms or
partitions, the surfaces of which are combined by cylinders of leather or other
suitable flexible material. The bottom of the chamber or the lower of a
series, when a series is employed, is connected by a cylinder of leather or
other suitable flexible material to a bell-mouthed collector adapted to collect
or admit of the flow of the gases from the lowest surface where such apparatus
is applied. Motion is given by suitable mechanism to the diaphragms
or partitions to the chambers, or to one of them, to effect the alternate--

page_text: expansion and contraction of the chamber or chambers for the reception of the
gases and for their being forced upwards by suitable passages in connection
with such chambers or chamber.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Fernando Giachosa in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th December 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FERNANDO
GIACHOSA, of Guy's Cliff Villa, Warwick, in the County of Warwick, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,"
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Fernando Giachosa, Her special licence that I, the said Fernando
Giachosa, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Fernando Giachosa, my exécutors, administrators, and assigns; should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VENTILATING MINES, SHIPS' HOLDS, AND OTHER PLACES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Fernando Giachosa, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their; or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said, Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Fernando Giachosa, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
The object of my improvements is to facilitate the removal of carbonic and
other obnoxious and deleterious gases or vapours from mines and other places.
For this purpose I employ chambers formed by covers and diaphragms or
partitions, the surfaces of which are combined by cylinders of leather or other

page_text: suitable flexible material. The bottom of the chamber or the lower of a series
when a series is employed, is connected by a cylinder of leather or other
suitable flexible material to a bell-mouthed collector adapted to collect or
admit of the flow of the gases from the lowest surface where such apparatus is
applied. Motion is given by suitable mechanism to the diaphragmis or
partitions to the chambers, or to one of them, to effect the alternate expansion
and contraction of the chamber or chambers for the reception of the gases
and for their being forced upwards by suitable passages in connection with
such chambers or chamber. But that the nature of the improvements and
means which I adopt in carrying the same into effect may be better understood,
I will proceed to describe the Drawing annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows apparatus adapted for use in ventilating mines, ships, and
large buildings; Figure. 2 represents apparatus adapted to be used in ven-
tilating wards of hospitals and private buildings; Figure 3 shows a modified
form of parts of the apparatus; Figure 4 shows part of the apparatus
separately; Figure 5 represents on a smaller scale a case to enclose venți-
lating apparatus; Figure 6 represents a transverse section of the lower portion
of Figures 1 and 4. In each of the Figures the same letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur. a, a, are funnel-shaped
collectors adapted to collect carburetted bydrogen gas, smoke, and other of the
lighter description of deleterious gases or vapours and conduct them to pipes
or ways a', by which they are conducted through valves in the chambers a² to
the chambers b. c, c, are passages for the flow of heavier gases, such as
carbonic acid gas, or choke damp. The gases or vapours are drawn into the
chambers 6 by such chambers being formed somewhat as bellows or concertinas
with elastic surfaces b¹, so that by alternately raising and depressing the upper
surface b² a pumping action is produced to draw in gases and vapours by the
passages a and c, and then force them out again by the pipes or channels d as
> desired, there being a valve or valves opening outwards to the lower portion
of the passage d, whilst the valves to the passages a¹ open inwards. In
Figure 1 the upper surface 62 of the chamber 6 is affixed to a rod 63, which is
affixed at its upper end to the cross rod *, and thence by connecting rods
65, 6, to the crank pins 66, 66, in the pinions 67, 7, the teeth of which are
geared one, into the other, whilst one of them is affixed to a shaft 6, receiving
rotary motion by means of a winch handle, or it may be by a steam engine or
other suitable power. e, e, e, e, (Figure 6) are inlet valves in the lower
platform 6 of the apparatus b; f is a sliding frame capable of being acted

page_text: upon by the handle f' for stopping the valves e, e, e, e. The passages a, a¹,
are adapted to collect and remove the lighter noxious gases and vapours
floating in the upper region of the apartment or locality where the apparatus
is employed, and in some cases I. form the extreme ends thereof or other
suitable parts with perforated tubes as the receiving main, such as shown by
Figure 7. The passages c, c, are for collecting the heavier gases, as carbonic
acid or choke damp.
Having thus described the nature of my said. Invention, and means which I
find to answer in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself to the precise details shown and described, as these
may be varied without departing from the peculiar character of the improve
ments; but what I claim is the adaptation or combination of means and mode
of working for ventilating mines, ships' holds, and other places, substantially
ás explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Fernando Giachosa, have hereunto set I
my hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
FERNANDO GIACHOSA. (L.S.)