Mechanics' Combination Tool for Levelling, Measuring, Squaring, and Marking Out Work.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 4th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Mechanics' Combination Tool for Levelling, Measuring, Squaring,
and Marking Out Work.
We, TOWNSEND HARRIS, Carpenter, and JOHN FEUCHT Waggon Maker,
both of 4th Street, Brainerd, Crow Wing County, Minnesota, U.S.A., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to a combination tool the different parts of which are
designed to open out and close up on pivots and slots. It comprises a stock formed
of two casings connected together. The casings have wood linings. One casing is
formed with two threaded lugs near the ends and the other with sockets to engage
In one of the
the lugs. Between the two casings there is a graduation blade.
casing parts there are arranged two spirit levels the glass tubes of which have at
the ends rubber cushions embedded in cement. Between the two casing parts there
are pivotally mounted a square by one member which has a slot and a slotted
bevel blade. The lugs form the pivots. The unslotted member of the square is
provided with a protractor. There are also folding rule blades the parts of which
are united by slots and pivots.
Dated this 5th day of May 1894.
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
Mechanics' Combination Tool for Levelling, Measuring, Squaring,
and Marking Out Work.
We TOWNSEND HARRIS, Carpenter and JOHN FEUCHT, Waggon Maker, both
of 4th Street, Brainerd, Crow Wing County, Minnesota, U.S.A., do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a combination tool the different parts of which are
designed to open out for use and to close up on pivots and slots and be fixed by
screws.
In the drawing
Fig. 1 shews the combination tool of this invention in the closed up position for
carrying upon the person. In this position it is a try square with a short blade
located at right angles to the stock.
Fig. 2 shews the side of the tool opposite to that shewn in Fig. 1 and having a
quadrant protractor inscribed thereon.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of one half of the stock.
Fig. 4 is a like view of the other half of the stock.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the centre blade for the stock.

page_text: Fig. 8 a vertical edge view of the tool.
Fig. 9 a vertical sectional view on line 9-9 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 10 a cross section on line 10-10 of Figs. 8 and 9.
Fig. 11 a cross section on line 11-11 of Figs. 8 and 9.
Fig. 12 a cross section on line 12-12 of Figs. 8 and 9.
Fig. 13 a plan view of a part of the square blade.
Fig. 15 a face view of a modified form of bevel blade and a clamp therefor.
Fig. 16 a sectional side elevation of the same on line 16-16 of Fig. 15.
Fig. 17 a sectional side elevation of a clamp.
Figs. 19 and 20 are plan views of the device arranged for measuring angles.
Fig. 21 a plan view of the device arranged as a framing square or pitch board.
Fig. 22 is a similar view of the device arranged for the same purpose but
differently set.
The combination tool of this invention is composed principally of a stock A,
a square B and a bevel blade C of which the latter is arranged on one end of the
stock and the square on the other end thereof (Figs. 1, 2). The stock A is made
of two principal parts or sections A2, A3, having the form of metallic casings
containing wood linin. s A4, A5, laid in cement, the said linings being inserted from
the inside of the casings A2, A3, and secured therein by projections A' (Figs. 3, 4).
In the ends of the casing A³ are arranged the interiorly threaded hollow lugs A6, A7,
fitting into apertured sockets A8, A³, respectively, formed near the ends of the
other casing A2 so that when the two are fitted one upon the other (Figs. 8, 9) they
are held in place by the apertured sockets engaging the threaded lugs. On
said lugs is also fitted between the two casings A3, A3, a middle blade D shewn in
detail in Fig. 5 having holes D1, D2 engaging lugs A6, A' (Fig. 9) provided with
ferrules which when worn may be readily replaced by new ones. On lug A' is
hung the square B provided for this purpose with a slot B¹ (Figs. 1, 2, 13) in the
short member B2 of the square. The other lug A' forms à pivot for the bevel
blade C provided for this purpose with a slot C. The several parts of the stock
are fastened together by screws E, E', respectively engaging the threaded
Ings A, A. The two screws are of like construction and are shewn in detail in
Figs. 6 and 7. Each has a threaded shank E2 screwing into the internal thread of
the corresponding lug A or A', and on the shank E is a head E3 from which
projects a flange E on which is pivotted a flange E³ by means of a transverse
pivot E. When the flange E' is swung downward as shewn, the two flanges E, E³,
form a disc which with the head E³ fits into the corresponding socket A8 or A° in
the casing A2 (Fig. 9). A spring E' is arranged on the pivotted flange part E³
and bears against the inner surface of the corresponding socket AB or A' so as to
hold said flange E' either horizontal or vertical the latter position being indicated
by dotted lines in Fig. 7. In the outer edge of the flange E³ is arranged a recess Es
for conveniently applying a finger nail to raise the flange when it is desired to
unscrew the screw E or E'. When these are in their sockets A8 and A' and the
flanges E of the screws are turned down, then the top surfaces of the flanges E
and E are flush with the outer surface of the casing A2. When it is desired to
unscrew one or both of the screws E, E¹ the pivot end of the flange E³ is pressed
lightly to swing it up sufficiently to enable E to be laid hold of for raising said
flange to the vertical position. The operator then holding the flange unscrews the
shank E' from the corresponding threaded lug A° or A7.
On the casing A2 at the inner end thereof is arranged a semicircular shoulder A"
against which is adapted to abut the rounded end B3 of the member B2 of the
square B which at the same time fits against the lug A at the end of the slot so as
to lock B in place and hold the other member B at right angles to the stock A.
An inclined shoulder A1 (Fig. 4) is formed on the inner face of the other
casing A³ and on this shoulder is adapted to abut the bevel end C² of the blade C

page_text: so as to prevent the latter from swinging in a wrong direction whilst allowing of
the blade being held in alignment with the stock (Figs. 1, 2, 8, 9).
It will be seen that by the formation of the shoulders A", A" on opposite sides
of the centre blade D sufficient space is given for the passage of the member B
and of the bevel blade C this latter not coming in contact with the square B but is
set off to one side thereof corresponding to the thickness of the middle or centre
blade D (Figs. 8, 9).
Near the socket A8 in the casing A' there is arranged a level F transversely,
(Figs. 3, 9, 10) and near the middle of said casing in a recess formed in the wood
lining A there is arranged a level F' at right angles to the level F (Figs. 3, 12).
The glass tubes of the levels are provided at their ends with india rubber
cushions F2 embedded in the cement which serves to hold the levels in place in
the usual way. The bubble in the levels is visible through holes A¹³, A", or A"
respectively formed in the casings A2, A3 of the stock A (Figs. 2, 4, 9, 10, 12).
The stock A and square B and bevel blade C are provided with divisions or.
graduations representing inches and subdivisions thereof, further the member B* is
provided with reduction scales B' (Fig. 1) and one face of the member B' is
provided with a protractor B6 (Fig. 2) divided into degrees and subdivisions
thereof. The member B2 is formed with a slot B7 adapted to register with the
sight apertures A" to permit of plainly observing the level F¹ when the member B²
lies in the stock and member B is at right angles to the stock. For a like reason
the middle blade D is provided with a slot D³ registering with the sight
apertures A so that light may pass to the level F1 to observe the same from either
side of the stock A. The middle blade D is further provided with longitudinal
slots D for the reduction of weight and also for the purpose of attaching other
blades as may be desired by means of a screw G. With the stock A. a number of
squares B may be used having members B2, B4, of different lengths, and bevel
blades C of different lengths may be used to increase the usefulness of the tool.
In Fig. 19 the several parts are adjusted so that the bevel blade C is set to the
protractor B to form an indicator to give the two angles of 45° and 135° respectively.
Of course other angles may be given.
In order to obtain the arrangement shewn in Fig. 20 the middle blade D is
detached from the stock and applied in connection with the square B and bevel
blade C. For this purpose two additional clamping screws G are employed for
fastening the middle blade D to the square B and bevel blade C the screws
passing through the slots B₁, C', respectively. G₁ (Figs. 15, 16) is the head of
the clamping screw G, G² a shoulder thereof to slide in one of the slots, G³ a shank
to pass through the slot of the additional part. G₁ is a nut screwing against the
additional part. This device may readily be used for drawing purposes and also for
transferring angles from drawings to the work. The blade D may also be attached
on the opposite side of the blades B, C.
In Fig. 21 two bevel blades C are applied to the ends of the stock A and the
two bevel blades connected to a square B. For this purpose two clamps H
(Fig. 17) are employed. Each comprises a grooved or slotted body H' and a
thumb screw H2 the lower end of which has attached to it a small plate H³ serving
when the screw is tightened up to clamp the two parts to be united, together. A
common framing square may be employed instead of square B if desired.
In Fig. 22 a somewhat similar arrangement of the device is shewn but with one
bevel blade C extending straight from the stock A and one screw clamp H for
fastening the same to the member B whilst another, an angular, bevel blade C is
attached by a screw G to the member B2 of the square B.
The notch B' at the end of slot B' receives the shank of the screw E when the
face of the stock A is brought even with the outer edge of the short blade B² of
the square to form a butt square and the adjacent notch B is formed in the blade B*
to receive the shank of said screw when the face of the stock A is to be held
parallel with and away from the edge of said square a sufficient distance to read
the graduations or divisions thereon.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A combination tool comprising a stock made of two parts connected with each
other, a middle graduation blade arranged between the two parts, a square
connected with one end of said stock on one side of the said middle part and a
bevel blade connected with the other end of said stock on the opposite side of the
said middle blade, substantially as described and shewn.
2. A combination tool provided with a stock comprising two casings having
wood linings and one formed with two threaded lugs near the ends, the other casing
being formed with sockets engaged by the said lugs, a middle blade held between
the two casings and engaging the said lugs, and screws screwing in the said lugs
and fitted with their heads in the sockets each head being formed with a pivotted
flange adapted to be turned to form a handle for the screw, substantially as described
and shewn.
3. A combination tool provided with a stock comprising two casings having
wood linings and one formed with two threaded lugs near the ends, the other casing
being formed with sockets engaged by the said lugs, a middle blade held between
the two casings and engaging the said lugs, screws screwing in said lugs and fitted
with their heads in the sockets each head being formed with a pivotted flange
adapted to be turned to form a handle for the screw and a spring on the pivotted
part of the head and engaging the inner wall of the socket, substantially as described
and shewn.
4. A combination tool comprising a stock made of two parts adapted to be
fastened together a middle blade held between the said two parts and two levels
arranged in one of the said parts, substantially as described and shewn.
5. A combination tool provided with a stock having levels, each formed at the
ends of its glass tube with rubber cushions embedded in cement, substantially as
described and shewn.
6. A. combination tool comprising a stock made of two parts and having lugs
near their ends between the two parts, a square having one slotted member engaging
one of the said lugs between the two parts, and a slotted bevel blade engaging the
other lug between the parts, substantially as described and shewn.
7. A combination tool comprising a stock made of two parts and lugs between
the two parts to form pivots, a square having a slotted member engaging one of the
said lugs and provided with a protractor on one of the members and a bevel blade
held on the other lug of the stock and adapted to hold on the said protractor,
substantially as described and shewn.
8. A combination tool comprising a middle blade forming part of the stock, a
square having a slotted member, and a member formed with a protractor, a bevel
blade adapted to indicate on the said protractor, the bolts for uniting the said
middle blade to the said square and pivot blade, substantially as described and
shewn.
9. A combination tool comprising a stock two levels arranged in the said stock,
a square held adjustable on the end of the said stock and a bevel blade held
adjustable on the other end of the said stock substantially as described and shewn.
10. The general construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, constituting
the combination tool substantially as described and shewn and for the purposes
specified.
This 5th d.. fah 1905
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.