Improvements in Apparatus for Bleaching, Dyeing, and otherwise Treating Yarn in Cop, Cheese, Bobbin, or other similar Compact Form.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 20th Apr., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Bleaching, Dyeing, and otherwise
Treating Yarn in Cop, Cheese, Bobbin, or other similar Compact
Form.
I, JOHN BRANDWOOD, of The Glen, Edenfield, in the County of Lancaster,
Chemist and Manager of The Manchester Cop Dyeing Co., Ltd., Edenfield, in
the aforesaid County, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to that class of apparatus for bleaching or dyeing and
otherwise treating yarn in cop, cheese, bobbin or other similar compact form;
wherein the yarn is first placed on hollow perforated or grooved injection
skewers or tubes or any other kind of skewer, tube or receptacle, by means of
which together with suitable air and liquor pumps, first, the air is displaced
from within the material on the aforesaid skewers, tubes or other receptacles,
second, the bleach or dye liquor circulated through the material either by
suction or pressure and after the bleaching or dyeing operation, third, the
superfluous bleach or dye liquor extracted therefrom, and fourth, the moisture
carried off and the material dried and conditioned.
Hitherto all such apparatus for carrying out or partly carrying out any of
the aforesaid operations have been comparatively speaking on a very small scale;
inasmuch as the weights treated at one operation have been very small varying
from 2 pounds to about 60 at the most according to the form of apparatus. Thus
1,000 pounds would have to be treated at 15, 20 or even 100 operations. Conse-
quently it has always been difficult and oftentimes impossible to match exactly
With my
the different batches required for one uniform shade or colour.
improved apparatus any practical weight sav 1000 pounds or more may be
bleached, dyed, dried or otherwise treated in one operation.
Hitherto all machines for the afore-mentioned purpose have either had single
or double carrier plates fixed or rotary according to the arrangement of the
apparatus. But in my invention any number of such carrier plates may be
used and the weight of material to be bleached dyed or otherwise treated at
one operation may be increased or diminished according to requirements.
The machine is fitted with any number of carrier plates which slide in grooves
so fitted therein as to make air and water tight joints. Behind the plates are
formed vacuum chambers the plates being preferably arranged back to back.
There are two sets of these vacuums one for the liquor in connection with the
circulating pump and the other set for the extraction of the liquor placed above
the level of the liquor in the apparatus and connected with a vacuum pump.
In the vacuum chamber for liquor circulation is placed a baffle plate to
distribute the pressure.
The carrier plates are perforated with a number of holes into or over which
are placed or fitted a number of perforated skewers projecting at right angles
to receive the cops.
Perforated screens are mounted on the carrier plates by studs or pillars to
maintain the cops in position whilst under treatment.

page_text: From the liquor vacuum chambers behind the carrier plates pipes lead to the
liquor circulating pump and pipes from the air vacuum chamber lead to the
air pump.
The liquor is distributed and returned equally to the several divisions or
chambers into which the apparatus is divided through inlets placed in the centre
or other convenient position.
The division plates between the chambers are perforated or provided with
apertures near the bottom through which the liquor can flow or circulate from
one to the other and thereby the whole liquor be kept at the same or one
standard strength and temperature in all the chambers.
Covers for the machine are arranged which can be hermetically sealed when
required to dye under pressure or for drying the material when dried if required
to be dried in the same apparatus.
In preference to heating the liquor with an open steam pipe.or coil, a cavity
pipe is fixed between the liquor pump and return pipes. With this improve-
iment the liquor is heated much more economically and uniformly and quicker
than is possible with the steam pipe or coil in the machine besides admitting
of the machine being cleaned more readily. The baffle plates over the inlets
serve for the more even distribution of the liquor on its return to the machine.
The pipes are arranged under each other for the more economical arrangement
of space but they may be arranged parallel with each other if desired. The
pipes from machine to liquor pump are so arranged that the same amount of
liquor may be drawn or forced through the various pipes from or to all the
vacuum chambers.
An automatic raising and lowering motion is fixed over the machine for
raising and lowering the carrier plates before and after treatment. This motion
is arranged with a moveable pinion wheel so that the speed at which they are
raised may be regulated to suit the size of pump or size or hardness of cops to
be extracted of superfluous dye liquor. By this method a very small pump
may be used for this purpose. The plates may be raised singly to ensure more
thorough extraction of the liquor. In such case the other air chambers are
closed by taps provided for the purposes. In case cops sufficient to fill a full
number of plates for the machine should not be required to be dyed or otherwise
treated then the remainder of the vacuum chambers are closed by taps provided
for this purpose, or blank carrier plates may be lowered in position to effect the
same result.
To displace the air before dyeing or bleaching the carrier plates containing
the cops are first lowered in position, then the air pump in connection with a
pipe which is also connected with liquor pump is set in motion and all the air
thoroughly displaced. By this means the air is thoroughly and efficiently
displaced whereas by the present means of removing same with a special vacuum
chamber just as they enter the dye or bleach liquor there is at the most only a
small portion displaced thus causing imperfectly dyed cops or other material.
The method of working may be as follows. The carrier plates being filled
with cops are automatically lowered in the machine when the displacement of
air is first proceeded with. Then the circulation of the dye liquor first by
suction, second by pressure with hermetically closed machine, and third, the
reversion of liquor pump and the circulation of the liquor in contrary direction.
Then the carrier plates are automatically raised singly or collectively and whilst
being raised pass the air vacuum chambers thus allowing of the removal of
superfluous dye liquor. In the meantime another similar number of carrier
plates may have been filled ready for lowering in the machine.
Dated this 18th day of April 1899
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Bleaching, Dyeing, and otherwise
Treating Yarn in Cop, Cheese, Bobbin, or other similar Compact
Form.
I, JOHN BRANDWOOD, of The Glen, Edenfield, in the County of Lancaster,
Chemist, Dyer, &c., and Manager of The Manchester Cop Dyeing Co., Ltd.,
Edenfield aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to that class of apparatus for bleaching or dyeing and
otherwise treating yarn in cop cheese bobbin or other similar compact form
wherein the yarn is first placed on hollow perforated or grooved injection
skewers or tubes or any other kind of skewer tube or receptacle by means of
which together with suitable air and liquor pumps:
(a) The air is displaced from within the material on the aforesaid skewers
tubes or other receptacles.
(b) The bleach or dye liquor is circulated through the material either by
suction or pressure.
(c) After the bleaching or dyeing operation the superfluous bleach or dye
liquor extracted therefrom.
() The moisture carried off and the material dried and conditioned.
Hitherto all such apparatus for carrying out or partly carrying out any of
the aforesaid operations have been comparatively speaking on a very small scale;
inasmuch as the weights treated at one operation have been very small varying
from 2 pounds to about 60 at the most according to the form of apparatus. Thus
1,000 pounds would have to be treated at 15, 20 or even 100 operations. Conse-
quently it has always been difficult and oftentimes impossible to match exactly
the different batches required for one uniform shade of colour.
With my
improved apparatus any practical weight say 1000 pounds or more may be
bleached, dyed, dried or otherwise treated in one operation.
Hitherto all machines for the afore-mentioned purpose have either had single
or double carrier plates fixed or rotary according to the arrangement of the
apparatus. But in my invention any number of such carrier plates may be
used and the weight of material to be bleached dyed or otherwise treated at
one operation may be increased or diminished according to requirements.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Fig. 1. Plan showing arrangement of sectional vacuum chambers A and
pipes K, L, S, leading to the air and liquor pumps and pipe L leading to the
extractor box M.
Fig. 2. Side elevation partly in section showing position of carrier plates
and vacuum chambers A and B.
Fig. 3. Sectional plan.
The machine as shown is arranged for eight carrier plates D but it may be
constructed of any desired size and to take any number of the carrier plates I)
to which cop skewers are attached.
The plates D slide into grooves d and are fitted therein to form air and water
tight joints. Behind each plate is formed a vacuum chamber A connected by
pipe K with the liquor circulating pump and by pipes S with the air pump.
A second vacuum chamber B placed above the level of the liquor is also formed
behind each plate connected with an air pump by the pipes L L' for the purpose

page_text: of extracting or exhausting the liquor from the cops as the carrier plates are
withdrawn. The air pump (not shown) is connected with the vacuum chamber
or extractor box M by the pipe L', and the vacuum chamber M is connected
with the chambers B by the pipes L and with the liquor pump (not shown) by
the pipe S.
In each vacuum chamber A is placed a baffle plate C to distribute the pressure
of the liquor equally over the surface of the carrier plate D. The carrier
plates are perforated with a number of holes into or over which are placed or
fitted a number of perforated skewers F projecting at right angles to receive
the cops E.
Perforated plates or screens H are mounted over the carrier plates by studs
or pillars I to maintain the cops E in position whilst under treatment.
From the liquor vacuum chambers A behind the carrier plates D pipes K lead
to the liquor circulating pump and pipes L from the air vacuum chambers B
lead through the extractor box or vacuum chamber M to the air pump.
The liquor is distributed and returned equally to the several divisions or
chambers W into which the apparatus is divided through inlets N placed in
the centre or other convenient position over which are placed baffle plates P.
The division plates O between the chambers W are perforated or provided
with apertures o near the bottom through which the liquor can flow or circulate
from one to the other and thereby the whole liquor be kept at the same or one
standard strength and temperature in all the chambers.
Covers for the machine are arranged which can be hermetically sealed when
required to dye under pressure or for drying the material when dyed if required
to be dried in the same apparatus.
In preference to heating the liquor with an open steam pipe or coil a cavity
pipe (not shown on the drawing) is fixed between the liquor pump and return
pipes K and N.
With this improvement the liquor is heated much more
economically and uniformly and quicker than is possible with the steam pipe
cr coil in the machine besides admitting of the machine being cleaned more
readily.
The pipes are preferably arranged as shown one above the other but they
may be arranged side by side if desired, and are placed below the pipes L.
The pipes K from the machine to liquor pump are also so arranged that the
same amount of liquor may be drawn or forced through the various pipes from
or to all the vacuum chambers A.
A raising and lowering appliance (not shown on the drawings) is fixed over
the machine for raising and lowering the carrier plates 1) before and after
treatment. This appliance is arranged with a change wheel so that the speed
at which the plates 1) are raised or removed may be regulated to suit the size of
air pump or size or hardness of cops to be exhausted of superfluous dye liquor.
By this method a very small air pump may be used for this purpose. The
plates D may be raised singly to ensure more thorough extraction of the liquor.
In such case the other air chambers B are closed by valves provided for the
purposes.
In case cops sufficient to fill the complete number of plates D should not be
required to be dyed or otherwise treated then the remainder of the vacuum
chambers A are closed by the taps R or blank carrier plates may be lowered in
position to effect the same result.
To displace the air before dyeing or bleaching the carrier plates D containing
the cops are first lowered in position, then the air pump is set in motion and
the air withdrawn through the suction chamber M and pipe S which is connected
with the liquor pump or directly with the pipes K. By this means the air is
thoroughly and efficiently displaced whereas by the present means of removing
same with a special vacuum chamber just as they enter the dye or bleach liquor
there is at the most only a small portion displaced thus causing imperfectly
dyed cops or other material.

page_text: The method of working is as follows:-The carrier plates D filled with cops E
are lowered into position in the machine, and the air is first displaced or drawn
out by the air pump acting through the pipes L' the vacuum chamber M and
the pipe S which is connected with the circulating pump then the circulation of
the dye liquor is started by the liquor pump through the pipes K and vacuum
chambers A first in one direction and then in the other either by suction, or
by pressure in a hermetically closed machine. The direction of the liquor is
reversed by the reversal of the pump. The carrier plates are then raised singly
or collectively and whilst being raised pass the air vacuum chambers B thus
allowing of the removal of superfluous dye liquor. In the meantime another
similar number of carrier plates may have been filled ready for lowering in
the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
--
1. Apparatus for bleaching dyeing and otherwise treating yarn with liquor
constructed with a number of chambers or compartments for the liquor a corre-
sponding number of vacuum chambers for the liquor with grooves to receive
the carrier plates, the vacuum chambers being connected by pipes both with a
liquor circulating pump and the air pump and a second set of vacuum chambers
connected with the air pump arranged substantially as described and shown.
2. Apparatus for bleaching dyeing or otherwise treating yarn having the
several parts constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose
described and shown.
Dated this 15th day of January 1900.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.