Improvements in Field Magnets and Armatures of Alternating Current Electro Motors, applicable also to the Electro Magnets of Electric Arc Lamps and other Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1893-Accepted, 26th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Field Magnets and Armatures of Alternating
Current Electro Motors, applicable also to the Electro Magnets
of Electric Arc Lamps and other Apparatus.
HENRY FRANCIS JOEL of 44 Lavender Grove Dalston London in the County
of Middlesex Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:- ·
My invention consists in a special arrangement and construction of the wire coils
of the electro magnets, and of the iron core of motors, used with alternating
currents of electricity which is also applicable for the electro magnets of arc
lamps and other purposes where electro magnets are used with alternating currents
of electricity.
I make the iron field magnet cores and poles of my motor of very thin laminated
iron stamping, shaped so as to form the poles and field cores all at one time without
any after tooling, and I place any required number of these stampings side by side
and insulated the one from the other and bolted together to form any desired
power or size, and to accentuate the effect of the currents in the coils, described
hereafter, I interpose some thin plates of steel in some instances. Or I make
the fields of iron wire or tape. The armature cores are also made in like manner of
laminated stampings, or of iron wire.
I wind the field magnet cores so formed with two distinct coils of wire on each
limb as follows:-The first layer of one coil is wound from right to left, the next
layer being the first layer of the other coil, and wound directly on the top of the
first coil, is in the reverse direction to it, that is from left to right, the succeeding
or third layer being the second layer of the first coil is wound as the first from
right to left, and on this again is wound the second layer of the second coil, or
fourth layer of wire from left to right, and so on; by preference I make the
second coil of a smaller size wire having a higher resistance than the first coil and
join the first completed coil in parallel with the second completed coil, and the two
coils in series with the armature, or alternatively I join the coils in a shunt to the
armature, and thus make either a series, or a shunt motor, or if required a
compound motor, by combining the two, or in single series one coil after the
other.
I make electro magnets for arc lamps to work with alternating currents in the
same way.
I also wind the coils in one direction and connect the first or inside layer to
the last or outside layer, or to an intermediate layer, and the complete coil and
circuit is thus built up of adjacent coils which are part of the circuit but with
considerable resistance between each layer.
I apply the same windings to my armature coils, cither two distinct coils, or
with adjacent layers with resistance between them, or I may use a simple Gramme
winding.
Dated this Twenty-first day of October 1892.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Field Magnets and Armatures of Alternating
Current Electro Motors, applicable also to the Electro Magnets
of Electric Arc Lamps and other Apparatus.
1, HENRY FRANCIS JOEL of 44 Lavender Grove Dalston London, in the
County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in a special arrangement and construction of the wire coils
of the electro magnets and of the iron cores of motors used with alternating currents
of electricity which is also applicable for the electro magnets of arc lamps and
other purposes where electro magnets are used with alternating currents of
electricity.
I make the iron field magnet cores and poles of my motor of thin laminated iron
stampings see drawings Fig. 1, 2 & 3 shaped so as to form the poles and field cores
all at one time without after tooling as at A. in Fig. 1, and I place any required
number of these stampings side by side and carefully insulated one from the other
and then bolted together as shewn in Fig. 2 to form any desired power or size.
.
Fig. 3 shows a four pole type of my fields which may be used alternatively to
form a double two pole motor, the field winding being altered as required. I may
interspace some thin plates of steel between the laminated iron plates if desired.
1 also make the fields of iron wire as shewn C in Fig. 4 and Figs. 7 & 8.
Fig. 4 is a front view of one type of my motor, and Fig. 7 a front view and Fig. 8 a
side view of another type, C being the iron wire field core which is specially shaped
and formed so as to make the complete iron wire magnetic frame and poles to
embrace a large part of the armature. The wire at the extremities of the poles
being opened or distended so as to obtain the greatest possible effect from the
magnetic action, both at the ends of the wires, and from the sides of the wires, the
object being to increase the polar surface and obtain as many separated polar
extensions as possible and thereby assist the magnetisation and demagnetisation of
the soft iron wire and to accentuate the action of the armature. This is also
shewn in the four pole machine Figs. 7 & 8. W being the conducting wire coils,
M, the armature, 1 the commutator & small d the brushes, which may be two or
four so as to give any known combination of the armature coils.
The armature cores are also made of laminated iron stampings or of soft iron
wire with Paccinotti shaped projections, the iron wire teeth being made with the
ends of the wires projecting towards the field poles.
I may cover the iron wire with a coating of cotton before working it up into
shape.
I wind the field magnet cores so made with 2 distinct coils of wire on each limb
as follows see Fig. 5, the first layer of one coil w, is wound from right to left the
next layer being the first wire on the other coil and wound directly on top of the
first coil in the reverse direction to it, that is from left to right, the succeeding
or third layer being the second layer of the first coil is wound from right to left,
and on this again is wound the second layer w¹ of the second coil and so on, by
preference I make the second coil of finer wire having a higher resistance than the
first coil. I couple the first completed coil in parallel to the second completed coil
and the two coils in shunt with the armature M. I also connect the field coils in
series as shewn in Fig. 6, by preference I wind the three first coils all in one
direction and couple them in parallel as shewn at F. and then join succeeding coils
as K and P as shewn.
I also wind the coils in one direction and connect the first or inside layer to the
last or outside layer and the completed coils and circuit is thus built up of adjacent
coils which are part of the circuit but with considerable resistance between each

page_text: layer, and in some instances I join the first coil to the third coil and then to the
fifth leaving the intermediate coils disconnected and in open circuit. I find these
intermediate coils, which I prefer to wind reversed act so as to neutralize the cross
induction of the joined up and active coils, one upon the other. I may apply either
of the before described windings for my armature.
The making of the fields of dynamos and motors of stamped iron is described in
my Letters Patent No. 17091-1881 and the making of the fields and armatures of
motors &c. of soft iron wire is described in my Letters Patent Nos. 8663-1892
and 5709, 1893 and I do not claim them in this Patent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner it is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1) The construction of alternate current motors consisting of a combination of
stamped laminated field cores, and the wire circuit substantially as described in
reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6.
(2) The construction of the fields of motors with laminted iron stampings to
make either a two pole or a four pole motor as shewn and described in reference
to Fig. 3.
(3) The construction of alternate current motors consisting of a combination of
iron wire field magnets cores and the wire circuits substantially as shewn and
described in reference to Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
(4) The opening or distending the ends of the iron wire of the field cores of
motors or dynamos to form extended and separated polar extremities substantially
as ilescribed in reference to Figs. 4, 7 and 8.
(5) The method of winding the fields of alternate current motors substantially
as shewn and described.
(6) The construction of electro-motors substantially as shewn and described in
reference to Figs. 4, 7 and 8.
Dated this 21st day of July 1893.
HENRY F. JOEL.