Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 28th May, 1887
Complete Left, 28th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th Apr., 1888
I EDMUND GRACE WASTFIELD of 42 Marlborough Road Tue Brook Liverpool in
the County of Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The objects chiefly desired are to obtain Gas Engines thoroughly efficient and
economical in working.
1st. Figure 1. is a section of so much of a Gas Engine as is required to show an
important improvement of the general arrangement of the cylinder and passages.
Under this part of my invention distinct ports and passages are employed through
which the charge is admitted to the cylinder and at the proper moment fired and the
products of the explosions carried away. By the arrangement shown the ports and
passages are greatly simplified and the cost of construction reduced. The firing of the
charge is made direct and more instantaneous, the chance of missing fire is practically
abolished and mechanical agitation of the compressed explosive mixture which
experience has shown to be a distinct gain is assured. Moreover a better circulation of
the cooling water in the jacket is assured and loss of heat convertible into work prevented.
a. Air and gas inlet and firing port. b. exhaust port. A further improvement in
combination with the above arrangement of ports and passages consists in making the
combustion chamber c. of smaller diameter than the bore of the working cylinder-
The diminution being such that the minimum cooling surface is exposed to the action
of the Jacket and a freer circulation of water assured around the hottest portion of
the cylinder The Piston may therefore be of much less weight than usual thereby
absorbing less of the effective power of the engine.
The second part of my improvements relates to valves for admitting gas and air to
the cylinder and for firing the charge. Figure 2. is an elevation of the front
and Figure 3. an elevation of the back of the valve. Figure 4. is a transverse section
of the valve. Figure 5. is an elevation of the valve box_cover and Figure 6. an
elevation of the face of the cylinder. From the groove d Figure 5. gas is admitted
to the passage e. figures 3. and 4. where it is ignited in the usual way by a standing
light in connection with the upper ventilating port f. A hole drilled as shown at
at the proper time passes over the main cylinder port and establishes connexion

page_text: with the auxilliary gas groove h. Figure 5., as the valve moves on the passage e.
passes off the groove d. and shortly after comes opposite to the auxilliary groove h.
the compressed mixture from the charge rushes through e. behind the flame and being
at the outlet i. is ignited and burns fiercely. On the main cylinder port being
uncovered the charge is ignited with certainty. a are the ports through which the
charge is admitted to the cylinder, j. is the port through which gas is supplied to the
holes & communicating with the ports a. before named. The firing arrangement just
described is both simple as regards construction and economical as regards the
amount of gas required.
Figure 8. is an elevation of an improved form of gas valve of very simple
construction affording a quick opening of the gas way, the action of the Governor
causes the gas valve to be opened by pushing it to the left hand. When the Engine
is running at its full speed the Governor fails to open the Gas valve and explosive
mixture is not admitted to the cylinder.
When it is desired to cause the engine to expel all the products of combustion the
arrangement Figure 9 is employed by preference. It will be seen that behind the
main piston 5. is an auxilliary one 6. Its action is as follows:-On the outstroke of
the main piston the charge is drawn in through the charging and firing port. On the
instroke the compression of such charge drives back the auxilliary piston until it bears
against the cylinder cover. The gases generated by the explosion force their way
past a valve 7. loaded to a little more than that of the compression pressure. These
on the release of pressure due to the opening of the exhaust valve impel the auxilliary
piston back to its normal position so that the main piston entirely 'expels the products
of the previous explosion.
The third part of my invention relates to automatic lubricators for gas engines.
Figure 10 is an elevation part in section-Figures 11 and 12 transverse sections of
the Oil containing vessel differential valve stem. 11 valves. 12 inlet passage. The
pressure of the explosion lifts up the valve stem and closes all outlet whilst the suction
or intake of charge of the engine allows the valve stem to fall to the position shown
at same time the inrush of air through 12. carries the oil brought down. by the
valve stem into the cylinder in the form of spray.
The fourth part of my invention relates to gas governors for engines and Figure 13.
is a plan Figure 14 an elevation and Figure 15 a section thereof. As shown the
conical valve 13. contracts the gas way 14. by being actuated by the diaphragm 15.
so that the pressure of the Gas in the Gas bag usually affixed to the main Gas supply
of the engine is practically constant-16 light metal valve of large area to prevent
back pressure.
The fifth part of my invention relates to regulating valves for gas engines and
Figure 16 is a section of such a valve 20 taper ended plug fitting into a recess 21 so
that the gas way may be so restricted that the flow of gas is rendered practically
constant and continues on 22. body of valve, 23 nut through which the valve stem is
screwed down.
In connexion with engines of the type of Figure 1. firing on each alternate
outstroke, Figure 17 shows improved apparatus for operating the gas valve-This
valve is preferably of the form shown in figure 8. The action of the Governor
causes the links 24. to slightly rise or fall thereby causing the striking point 25. to
miss the cross bar between the links 24 or to strike the same, thereby opening or
failing to open the gas valve.
Figures 18 and 19 show further modified and improved forms of this gear-The
action being very similar-Either of these forms are well suited to control the speed
of engines firing on every alternate outstroke or equally well for engines firing on
every outstroke.

page_text: J EDMUND GRACE WASTFIELD of 42 Marlborough Road Tue Brook Liverpool in
the County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The objects chiefly desired are to obtain Gas Engines thoroughly efficient and
economical in working and the invention is described with reference to the drawings
filed with the provisional specification.
1st. Figure 1 is a section of so much of a Gas Engine as is required to shew an
important improvement of the general arrangement of the cylinder and passages.
Under this part of my invention distinct ports and passages are employed through
which the charge is admitted to the-cylinder and at the proper moment fired and
the products of the explosions carried away. By the arrangement shewn the ports
and passages are greatly simplified and the cost of construction reduced -The firing
of the charge is made direct and more instantaneous. The chance of missing fire is
practically abolished and mechanical agitation of the compressed explosive mixture
which experience has shewn to be a distinct gain is assured-Moreover a better
circulation of the cooling water in the jacket is assured and loss of heat convertible
into work prevented. a air and gas inlet and firing port, b exhaust port. A further
improvement in combination with the above arrangement of ports and passages
consists in making the combustion chamber c of smaller diameter than the bore of
the working cylinder. The diminution being such that the minimum cooling surface
is exposed to the action of the jacket and a freer circulation of water assured around
the hottest portion of the cylinder-The piston may therefore be of much less weight
than usual, thereby absorbing less of the effective power of the engine.
The second part of my improvements relates to valves for admitting gas and air
to the cylinder and for firing the charge. Figure 2 is an elevation of the front and
Figure 3 an elevation of the back of the valve Figure 4 is a transverse section of
the valve Figure 5 is an elevation of the valve box cover, and Figure 6 an elevation
of the face of the cylinder-From the groove d Figure 5 gas is admitted to the
passage e-Figures 3 and 4, where it is ignited in the usual way by a standing light
in connection with the upper ventilating port -A hole drilled as shewn at 9 at the
proper time passes over the main cylinder part and establishes connexion with the
auxiliary gas groove h, Figure 5 as the valve moves on, the passage e passes off
the groove d and shortly after comes opposite to the auxiliary groove the compressed
mixture from the charge rushes through e behind the flame and being at the outlet i
is ignited and burns fiercely-On the main cylinder port being uncovered the charge
is ignited with certainty, a are the ports through which the charge is admitted to
the cylinder, is the port through which gas is supplied to the holes & communicating
with the ports a before named-The firing arrangement just described is both simple
as regards construction and economical as regards the amount of gas required.

page_text: Figure 8 is an elevation of an improved form of gas valve of very simple
construction affording a quick opening of the gas way-The action of the governor
causes the gas valve to be open by pushing it to the left hand-When the engine is
running at its full speed the governor fails to open the gas valve and explosive
mixture is not admitted to the cylinder.
When it is desired to cause the engine to expel all the products of combustion the
arrangement, Figure 9 is employed by preference-It will be seen that behind
the main piston 5 is an auxiliary one 6-Its action is as follows:-On the outstroke
of the main piston the charge is drawn in through the charging and firing port-On
the instroke the compression of such charge drives back the auxiliary piston until it
bears against the cylinder cover-The gases generated by the explosion force their
way past a valve 7 loaded to a little more than that of the compression pressure-
These on the release of pressure due to the opening of the exhaust valve impel the
auxiliary piston back to its normal position so that the main piston entirely expels
the products of the previous explosion.
The third part of my invention relates to automatic lubricators for gas engines-
Figure 10 is an elevation part in section-Figures 11 and 12 transversed sections of
the oil containing vessel differential valve stem, 11 valves-12 inlet passage-The
pressure of the explosion lifts up the valve stem and closes all outlet whilst the suction
or intake of charge of the engine allows the valve stem to fall to the position shewn at
same time the inrush of air through 12 carries the oil brought down by the valve
stem into the cylinder in the form of spray. A valve of any convenient and suitable
form opening into the passage 12 may be employed to prevent loss of any Oil leaking
past the lower differential valve.
The fourth part of my invention relates to gas governors for engines and fig. 13
is a plan fig. 14 an elevation and fig. 15 a section thereof. As shown the conical
valve 13 contracts the gas way 14 by being actuated by the diaphragm 15 so that
the pressure of the gas in the gas bag usually affixed to the main gas supply of the
engine is practically constant. 16 light metal valve of large area to prevent back
pressure.
The fifth part of my invention relates to regulating valves for Gas Engines and
figure 16 is a section of such a valve. 20 taper ended plug fitting into a recess 21 so
that the Gas way may be so restricted that the flow of Gas is rendered practically
constant and continuous, 22 body valve, 23 nut through the valve 10 is screwed
down.
In connexion with Engines of the type of figure 1 firing on each alternato
outstroke-Figure 17 shows improved apparatus for operating the Gas valve-This
valve is preferably of the form shown in figure 8-The action of the Governor causes
the links 24 to slightly rise or fall thereby causing the striking point 25 to miss the
cross bar between the links 24 or to strike the same thereby opening or failing to
open the gas valve.
Figures 18 and 19 show further modified and improved forms of this gear. The
action being very similar-Either of these forms are well suited to control the speed
of Engines firing on every alternate outstroke or equally well for engines firing on
every outstroke.
It will be obvious that engines under my invention may be horizontal vertical
or inverted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
First The general arrangement of the cylinders and passages of gas engines
substantially as set forth under the first part.
Second-Constructing valves for admitting gas and air to the cylinders of gas
engines and for firing the charge substantially as set forth under the second part.
Third Constructing Gas regulating valves for engines under my invention
substantially as set forth and described under figure 8.

page_text: Fourth Constructing engines under the first part with the improvement set forth
and described under figure 9.
Fifth Constructing automatic lubricators for Gas Engines with differential valves
substantially as set forth under the third part.
Sixth-Gas Governor for Engines substantially as set forth under the fourth
part.
Seventh Regulating valves for Gas Engines constructed substantially as set forth
under the fifth part.
Eighth The combination of Engines under the first part with apparatus for
operating gas valves substantially described under figures 17 to 19.
Dated this 97th day of February 1888
JAMES JOHNSON,
Per J. Richman,
Agent.