IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR LENO OR CROSS WEAVING
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOSEPH ECCLES of Steam Mill, Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MECHANISM FOR LENO OR CROSS WEAVING," to be as follows:-
In leno or cross weaving, the threads in each splitful or dent of warp are drawn
partly through ordinary healds or harness and partly through what are known
as "doup" healds or harness.
In crossing or lenoing the two classes of threads meet and cross; the doup thread
being lifted to right and left of the plain thread alternately.
To effect this crossing in a double lift Jacquard or Dobby has hitherto been
difficult because the doup threads, are only allowed to come down from the top
shed to about mid-shed, and are there taken back by the alternate knife while the
plain threads which should cross with them remain in the bottom shed.
-
The object of my invention is such a combination with or an addition to the
"double lift Jacquard or Dobby as will cause the lower warp threads which require
to be "crossed" to be lifted from the bottom to mid-shed or a little higher to meet
and cross with the warp threads of the upper shed which have to descend, such
lower shed warp threads when to be acted upon, being moved from the bottom to
mid-shed or thereabouts, and back again to the bottom shed onco during each pick
of weft.
The harness or healds are tied up in the usual way arranging that all tho
'doup" threads are acted upon by one knife or knives and all the plain threads
by another knife or knives.
I carry out my invention by adding to or combining with the "double lift".
Jacquard or Dobby, another "knife" which is intended to act upon those hooks of
the double lift Jacquard or Dobby to which the plain threads of the warp aro
tied up which hooks have to be lifted to effect the crossing to the mid-shed or
thereabouts.
This additional "knife" is arranged and geared up to be worked from the loom
to lift the threads, at the time and to the height required, and lower them again
once for each pick-The additional knife begins to lift, when the "double lift"
knives begin their descent and ascent, and the additional knife and the "double
lift" knives arrive at mid-shed at about the same time and the additional knife
falls to its lowest position at the time the double lift knives attain their greatest
extreme positions at the top and bottom.

page_text: The additional knife acts or may act upon one hook, of such of the double or
connected hooks as are required to operate, which hook is made long enough to
extend to the additional knife arranged to work above the double lift knives.
Or separate books are or may be arranged for the additional knife to act upon,
each of which hooks is connected with one side of one of the double or connected
hooks, which is to be operated by passing through a loop or curl formed in the wire
of the hook and thus leaving both hooks free so as to be separately acted upon
either by the additional knife or one or the other of the double lift knives as
required.
Or a separate Jacquard or Dobby is used the knife worked as above described
and arranged so that its hooks are connected by cords or other attachments with
corresponding hooks or couplings to be lifted,

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I JOSEPH ECCLES of Steam Mill, Preston. in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the naturo of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MECHANISM FOR LENO OR CROSS WEAVING and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In leno or cross weaving the threads in each "splitful" or dent of warp aro
drawn partly through ordinary healds or harness and partly through what are
known as "doup" healds or harness.
In crossing or lenoing the two classes of threads meet and cross; the "doup
thread" being lifted to right and left of the plain thread alternately.
To effect this crossing in a double lift Jacquard or Dobby, has hitherto been
difficult, because the doup threads are only allowed to come down from the top
shed to about mid shed, and are there taken back by the alternate knife while the
plain threads which should cross with them remain in the bottom shed.
The object of my invention is such a combination with or an addition to the
double lift "Jacquard or Dobby" as will cause the lower warp threads which
require to be "crossed" to be lifted from the bottom to mid-shed or a little higher
to meet and cross with the warp threads of the upper shed which have to descend,
such lower shed warp threads when to be acted upon, being moved from the bottom
to mid-shed or thereabouts, and back again to the bottom shed once during each
pick of weft.
The harness or healds are tied up in the usual way arranging that all the
"doup" threads are acted upon by one knife or knives and all the plain threads by
another knife or knives.
I carry out my invention by adding to or combing with the "double lift"
Jacquard or Dobby, an additional "knife" which is intended to act upon those
hooks of the double lift Jacquard or Dobby to which the plain threads of the warp
are tied up which hooks have to be lifted to effect the crossing to the mid-shed or
thereabouts.
This additional "knife" is arranged and geared up to be worked from the loom
to lift the threads at the time and to the height required and lower them again
once for each pick-The additional knife begins to lift, when the "double lift"
knives begin their descent and ascent and the additional knife and the "double
lift" knives arrive at mid-shed at about the same time, and the additional knife
falls to its lowest position at the time the double lift knives attain their greatest
extreme positions at the top and bottom.
The additional knife acts or may act upon one hook of such of the double or
connected hooks as are required to operate, which hook is made long enough to
extend to the additional knife arranged to work above the double lift knives.
Fig 1 is a sectional elevation, and fig 2 a side elevation showing so much of a
dobby machine for weaving as will be required for describing the mode of carrying
my invention into effect.
I will first refer to the ordinary parts of a double lift "dobby" for actuating
healds for weaving.
a are two side or end frames, connected by cross bars or plates,

page_text: The lifting hooks c (to the lower ends of which the harness is connected by
coupling cards) pass through and are guided and kept apart by slots in the
plates a³ and a' and the middle part of the upper plate a forms a stop or rest for
each hook lifting wire in its lowest position, the short leg of the lifting hooks
having each a hook formed upon them to catch upon the central rib of the upper
plate a*.
The book lifting wires c are elastic and bent so that the short leg of the hook
wire will push the long leg to the outside of the slot in the plate a* where its hook
will be always away from and thus will not be acted upon by the lifting knife.
Each lifting knife is a thin plate d of metal secured to a bar d¹ which is guided
at each end in vertical slots as in the side frames a.
Each end of each lifting bar d' is jointed to the upper end of a rod d³ and the
lower ends of the two rods d' on each side are jointed with an arm or lever d³ on a
shaft d' having bearings in the side frames a and each pair of rods d³ are on
opposito sides of the shaft and the rods are jointed on the arms d³ nearer to the
axis of the shaft d' on one side than at the other so that one end of the lifting
bars will have a greater lift than the other end as is well understood.
The shaft d' is oscillated from the loom by a cam or other means in the ordinary
manner so that the two knives d will rise and fall alternately.
The lifting hooks c are pressed inwards so as to be taken by the knives d by the
pegs in the "lags"-which are linked together to form an endless chain of lags
passing round the lag shafts or barrels c and e¹ which are geared to rotate together
and rotated as required in the ordinary manner.
The parts above described by letters of reference are ordinary and well known
parts of a double lift dobby for weaving and my invention for the purpose berein-
before mentioned consists in combining an additional lifting knifef with the
double lift "dobby" which knife I arrange by preference on a bar f1 over and
clear of the ordinary knives d and I guide tho knife bar f¹ up and down in
vertical slots aº in the side frames a but it may be arranged if desired in other
positions.
To each end of the knife bar f¹ the upper end of a rod f' is jointed, the lower
end of which is jointed to an arm f' on a shaft f' in bearings in brackets a'
secured to the side frames a and the oscillation of the shaft f' to give the knife f
up and down motion, given by a rod jointed to an arm f which may form a
prolongation of one of the arms fa the lower end of the said rod is jointed with a
lever or other arrangement in the loom, acted upon by a cam on the shaft actuating
the "slay" or other shaft, making one rotation for each pick.
Some of the hook wires c* aro made long enough to extend to the additional
knife fand are lifted by it when the hooks are pressed forward by the pegs in the
lags on the barrel c.
These long hooks c* act upon the lower plain warp threads which have to be
lifted from the bottom shed to about mid shed or a little higher to meet and cross
with the warp threads of the upper shed which have to descend and the upper
knifefto do this has to ascend and descend once during each pick of weft.
It will be understood that only a few of the lifting hooks are shown in the
figures.
In the figures of the drawings the hooks c* are only shown extended upwards so
as to be acted upon by the additional knifef on one side but it is obvious that
similar hooks c* may be used on both sides in which case the pegs in the lags of
both barrels c and e¹ (or cards when such are used) will act upon such hooks c* and
with this arrangement the additional knife ƒ will be made double, that is, two
blades will be carried by the same bar fi both being thus worked up and down
simultaneously by the same mechanism to make one up and down movement for
each pick of weft.
From the description of my invention as applied to "dobbys" its application to
double lift Jacquards or dobbys actuated by cards will be readily understood by
those acquainted with such machines-In Jacquards the hooks are actuated by

page_text: horizontal needles which are acted upon by the cards having holes punched in
them according to the pattern desired and the Jacquard has the hooks arranged in
some cases to always catch upon the knives, except when pushed off by the cards
acting upon the horizontal needles, and in other cases the hooks will only be
caught by the knives when pushed forward by the cards acting upon the horizontal
needles My invention is applicable to either arrangement of Jacquards.
In the double lift Jacquards according to my invention some of the hooks for the
lower warp threads are arranged as in the dobby hereinbefore described to extend
to and so as to be lifted by the upper knife frame which I add to and combine with
the double lift Jacquard.
The upper or additional knife frame will be constructed and arranged to work up
and down similar to the knife frames for the ordinary double lift Jacquard and it
will be actuated in like manner to the upper or additional knife of the dobby
herein before described to make one up and down movement for each pick, and
may be similarly varied in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In mechanism for leno or cross weaving the combination of an additional
knife making one up and down movement for each pick with the double lift dobby
acting substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated
by the drawings.
2. In mechanism for leno or cross weaving the combination of an additional
knife frame or griff making one up and down movement for each pick with the
double lift Jacquard acting substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
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