✓MENTS IN STUDS AND IN PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR FASTENING CRAVATS, COLLARS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cornelius Walton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st January 1877.
"IMPROVE-
CORNELIUS WALTON, of Westminster, in the County of Middlesex.
✓MENTS IN STUDS AND IN PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR FASTENING CRAVATS,
COLLARS, AND OTHER ARTICLES."
According to the first and most simple modification I make a stud according to
this Invention with or having a disc or button in front and the same at back; and
in a piece with the back plate or back disc, or connected thereto, I have a looped
piece or loop which may be made of the same sort of material as the stud proper, or
it may be made of separate and other material or materials. Instead of the part
which I call the back disc being made circular, oval, or other shape I form the back
part or back disc of a size to correspond with the looped portion or piece before
referred to.
According to another modification I form the front stud or disc, or stud proper,
with an arm projection from the back portion thereof, and through this arm I pass
the straight arm of the loop, and this arm may be screw threaded, so that its
position in the arm projecting from the stud or disc may be adjusted either up or
down, according to the way it is turned. The arm projection may be of any desired
shape suitable to the purpose required for receiving the long arm of the loop afore-
said. The bottom end of the straight arm of the loop may be enlarged or flattened
out to prevent its loss.
Studs made in the manner aforesaid are applicable for all purposes where it is
required to keep two or more articles in any desired position in relation to one
another, for example, of a neck tie or scarf to a collar and the collar to the shirt.
With this view a stud made according to my Invention is inserted in the back of
the collar and shirt and the neck tie is slipped under the loop of the studs and
thereby prevented from rising up, or there may be several of these looped studs
inserted in the collar, as will be referred to more fully hereafter. Drawers, tics, and
collars, and other articles of wearing apparel can be kept in position in a similar
manner.
My Invention further refers to the combination with the stud aforesaid of means
whereby the cravat or necktie may be secured thereto and in the desired position,

page_text: For this purpose I form in a piece with the looped arm of the stud a metal or other
clip, which may also, if desired, be made in a piece with the aforesaid arm, or it
may be connected or jointed thereto by, screw, rivets, or in any other convenient
manner, or the back disc of the stud and clip may both be made in one piece. The
cravat or tie is secured by placing the same between the arm and the clip.
As a modification of this arrangement and instead of the clip aforesaid a button-
shaped stud may be formed on or connected to the back disc or stud, which is
intended to be passed into a corresponding aperture formed for that purpose in the
cravat or tie to be secured. The spring clip aforesaid may be made of any desired
shape as required, or according to the shape of the tie to be secured; or the spring
clip may be made by the back part being split up or partially divided, one portion
thereof being turned up to form a hinge for the clip, which is then kept in position
by the other part which is not turned up, the latter thus acting as a spring.
Studs and fasteners when made as aforesaid are applicable to all purposes where
required for keeping articles together or in any particular desired position; for
example, for retaining a neck tie to a collar and collar to shirt or dress, for keeping
drawers in position and preventing them from slipping down.
When the Invention is used in connection with collars such as those usually
worn by women and children I am able to dispense with making the said collars
with pieces projecting at the ends, so that in the ordinary way they may be pinned
on the dress or other garments, and in lieu of these projecting pieces I form apertures
at or near the lower ends and also at the back of the collar itself for the reception
of stud fasteners made according to my Invention, and by this means I am able to
dispense with the use of pins now usually used by women and children for fastening
on the collars and ties.
Gentlemen's collars with an additional aperture on each side, and ladies' collars
made without projecting ends and with apertures for the reception of my new stud
fasteners form a new manufacture.
I do not limit myself to the position of the apertures, but I prefer to have one in
the centre, at back, and one near each end for ladies' wear.
T
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