Improved Means for Imparting Reciprocations to Parts of Printing and other Machinery.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Jan., 1895 Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1895
[Communicated from abroad by ROBERT HOE, Printing Press Manufacturer, of
504, Grand Street, in the City of New York, United States of America.]
Improved Means for Imparting Reciprocations to Parts of Printing
and other Machinery.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to printing machines which have reciprocating type beds
that co-operate with rotating cylinders in making the impression, and which
machines may have one, two, or more impression cylinders co-operating with as
many "forms" carried by the type bed.
Of these machines, one class has its cylinder driven from a top rack on the type-
bed, and rotated first in one direction and then in the other; in one class the
cylinder prints a sheet while running one way, is then raised for, and runs idly
during, the return of the bed; in another class the cylinder does not rise and fall,
but prints while running both ways, and perfects a sheet; in another class the
cylinder has, two feeds, and without rising and falling prints one side of two
sheets.
Another class of such machines has the impression cylinders continuously
revolved; of those having one impression cylinder, one class makes one revolution,
another two, and another three revolutions during each reciprocation of the type
bed, in the first form, a depressed part of the cylinder allowing the returning
"form" to pass without contact with it; in the second form, the cylinder being
raised during the second revolution while the bed is returning, and in the third
form the cylinder is printing during one revolution, is being raised during the next
half revolution, stands raised during the next revolution, and is being lowered.
during the next half revolution.
In each of these classes, the impression cylinder is of a different size relative to
the length of the run of the bed.
In the double cylinder class, two impression cylinders continuously revolve in
opposite directions, each one printing during its second revolution, and so rising
and falling, that while one cylinder is down in printing position, the companion is
up out of printing relation to the passing bed. Sheets may be fed to each cylinder,
and delivered printed upon one side only, or a sheet may be fed to one cylinder
and once printed, then transferred to the other cylinder, and be delivered printed
upon both sides.
In another class, the two impression cylinders continuously revolving in
opposite directions, have depressed portions for the non-printing passage of the
bed, and are connected by two transferring cylinders, so that a sheet printed by
one cylinder, is transferred to and printed by the other cylinder and delivered.
There is another class of printing machine in which the cylinder is driven during
the printing operation by a top rack on the bed, always turns in one direction, but
is stopped while the bed, in making its return, runs past a flat portion of the
cylinder.
Many of these various constructions have been the outcome of attempts to secure
speed of production, and a considerable number of bed-driving mechanisms have
been devised with the same end in view.

page_text: The object of the present invention is two-fold, that is to say,
1st. The providing of a mechanism for retarding and stopping the movement of
the bed in one direction, and starting and accelerating it in the reverse direction,
at each end of its run; which shall perform those operations so quickly as to
minimise the time for their accomplishment and thus enable the highest rate of
speed of the machine to be utilized, without undue modification in making such
reversing movements of the bed.
2nd. The accomplishment of the return or non-printing movement of the bed at
a higher rate of speed than that which it has when the impression is made, whereby
the general speed of the machine is increased.
In carrying out the invention with reference to the first head, a single vibrating
crank-actuated lever is coupled with one or the other of engaging lugs, carried at
opposite ends of the bed, while the receiving socket of the lever is moving with the
same surface speed as the bed is impelled by its main driving mechanism, which
lever thereafter controls the movement of the bed during the reversing operation,
by progressively slowing it down to a state of rest, and then starting it, carries it
in the opposite direction with an accelerated speed, and when the reversing is
complete, is disengaged from the bed while moving at the same surface speed
therewith, and the main driving mechanism again becomes the driver.
For carrying into effect the second head, main bed-driving mechanism is
employed, consisting of two pinions, one running at the greatest surface speed
which may be practically used while it drives the bed' and the impression is being
made, and the other running at a considerably higher rate of speed, and driving
the bed when it is making its nou-printing movement, these two speeds being
preferably attained by pinions of two sizes respectively gearing, with separate.
racks carried by the type bed.
These improvements are applicable to all forms of printing machines having
reciprocating beds, and to many other machines having like moving men: bers;
thus, the first head may be used in connection with any of the forms of bed-
driving mechanism described in a Patent granted to Henry Edward Newton dated
June 14th 1892, No. 11161, as well as with any that are shewn herein, or with any
equivalent movements, while the second head is also applicable in combination with
many other forms of bed-retarding, stopping, starting, and accelerating mechanisms,
and its fast running pinion may he used without the slower-running bed-driving
pinion, in cases where the impression cylinder is driven by direct gearing from a
driving shaft, and is also geared to the type bed, during the time of impression, by
an upper bed rack, then meshing with a toothed wheel on the cylinder shaft.
An explanation of the manner in which these improvements are or may be
carried into effect, will now be given, aided by reference to the accompanying
drawings which illustrate embodiments thereof, as follows:-
Fig. 1 shews, by a side elevation, a cylinder printing machine provided with one
form of the present improvements.
Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof, partly in section.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the same; and
Figures 4 to 19 inclusive, are diagrams illustrating the positions of the principal
parts during each quarter revolution of the main driving pinion performed during
one reciprocation of the type-bed.
As a preliminary to a specific description of the various mechanisms, the machine
will be generally described.
It comprises the usual impression cylinder C, mounted to turn in suitable journals
supported by the frames, which cylinder co-operates with a reciprocating type-
bed B, that moves on slides S running in longitudinal ways W, rigidly secured to
the framework. The cylinder C is rotated by a train outside of the frame,
consisting of wheel 17, and intermediates 16, 15, from a wheel 14 fast on the
shaft 12, and there is a train outside of the frame, consisting of a pinion 18 fast on
- shaft 12, an intermediate 19, and wheel 20, that drives various parts, including
the shaft 13, to which the wheel 20 is fixed.

page_text: The shaft 12 carries what is denominated the main driving pinion 9, for the
reason that it determines the movements of the actual bed-driving pinions 10, 11.
This pinion 9 has such relation to the bed-driving mechanism, that it makes
three revolutions to each reciprocation of the bed, and though this has advantages,
such relative movement may be changed without affecting the present invention,
as may the construction and arrangement of the rack and pinion mechanism.
The bed-driving pinion 10, which is carried by the shaft 12, is of half the size
of pinion 9, and hence, though it makes the same number of turns, its surface
speed is but one half that of said pinion 9. The bed-driving pinion 11, which is
mounted to turn freely upon a short shaft 5, is of equal size, and is geared
with the pinion 9, and hence makes turn for turn with it, and runs at a like
surface speed. The pinions 9 and 10 are mounted fast upon a common sleeve,
that may move on a spline, and the pinion 11 is likewise mounted upon a sleeve,
so as to move freely upon the shaft 5, all of said pinions 9, 10, 11, being thus
capable of moving laterally to such slight extent as will bring the pinions 10, 11
alternately into gear with the bed racks 21, 22, which are fixed to the bed,
and depend therefrom in different vertical and horizontal planes, being arranged
horizontally so that the pitch line of the lowermost one, 21, will agree with
the pitch line of the upper part of the pinion 10; and so that the pitch line
of the uppermost one, 22, will agree with the pitch line of the upper part of
the pinion 11, and these racks are arranged horizontally, so that when the
pinion 10 is geared with, and driving the bed through the rack 21, while the
impression is being made, the pinion 1 will be out of the plane of travel of
the rack 22, and vice versa, and as the pinions 9 and 11 move laterally together,
they will remain geared together during their lateral movements, to carry the
pinion 11 into and out of driving position with respect to the rack 22.
The lateral movements of these pinions may be accomplished in various ways;
as here shewn, the means are the levers 23, 24, one, 24; entering a collar 25 on the
sleeve which carries the pinions 9, 10, and the other, 23, entering a collar 26 on
the sleeve which carries the pinion 11, both of which levers are fast on a shaft
that is oscillated by a rock arm 27 that is vibrated by means of a cam 28 on the
shaft 13.
Although the pinions 10 and 11 are the means in co-action with the racks 21, 22,
that cause the bed to make the principal or main portions of its reciprocating
movements, it will be observed, that since these racks are less in extent than the
run of the bed, they will leave said pinions before the movement of the bed is
completed in either direction.
The finishing of the movement of the bed in one direction, and the beginning of
its movement in the other direction, at each end of its run, is accomplished by the
retarding, stopping, starting, and accelerating mechanism, constituting one of
the main features of the invention.
This consists of a vibrating lever 30, which has receiving sockets: 4, 6, and the
bed B carries at each end lugs 3, 7, suitable to be engaged. by said sockets. This
lever 30 is actuated by a crank 29, whose pin plays in an elongated slot in said
lever, which crank 29 is fast upon the shaft 12, and therefore makes turn for turn
with the pinions 9, 11; and in consequence of the pin of the crank 29 working in
the slot of the lever, which thus practically becomes a rocking yoke, the recipro-
cating movements imparted to the lever by the crank become differential, that is,
when the crank is making its lower sweep, or moving below the shaft 12, through
about a third revolution, the movement of the lever from its left hand position of
rest (Figure 18) is begun, and accelerated, until its socket 4 attains the surface
speed of the pinion 11, as the crank passes its lowest point (Figure 19); and as the.
crank moves to its position in Figure 4, the lever is-progressively slowed down,
until it comes to a state of rest, as it reaches the limit of its movement to the right,
as in Figure 4. When the crank is making its upward sweep, or moving above
the shaft 12, through about two thirds of a revolution, the movement of the lever
from its right hand position of rest, as in Figure 4, begun, and accelerated, until

page_text: its socket 4 attains the surface speed of the pinion 10, as the crank passes its
highest point (Figure 5) the lever is progressively slowed down until it comes to a
state of rest, as it reaches the limit of its movement to the left, as in Figure 6.
Thus, the maximum speed of movement of the socket 4 of the lever, performed
when the crank is making its long sweep, equals that of the fast moving pinion 11,
& enables said socket 4 to receive the lug 3, & the rack 22 to leave the pinion 11,
while those parts are moving at the same surface speed, and then through said lug,
to slow down and stop the bed, and since the maximum speed of movement of the
socket 4 of the lever performed, when the crank is making its upward sweep, equals
that of the slow moving pinion 10, it enables the socket 4, through the lug.3, to
start the bed, and accelerate its movement, until that maximum speed is attained,
when the rack 21 will gear with the pinion 10, and the lug 3 disengage the socket 4,
while said rack, pinion, lug, and socket, are moving with like surface speed.
The movements of the parts with respect to the socket 6 and lug 7 in the
reversing operation, at the other end of the run of the bed, are substantially the
same as those just described, as will be clearly understood when the action of
the mechanism is considered in connection with the diagrams Figs. 4 to 19, wherein
varicus portions of the parts, during their operation, are illustrated as each quarter
revolution of the crank is made. In these diagrams, such parts as would obscure
others then active, are either broken away or shown in dotted lines.
Assuming the machine to have been in operation an impression to have been
made, the type bed to have made its return movement, driven by the pinion 11 and
the rack 22, and said bed to have been arrested in the position of Fig. 4 by the
action of the socket 4 of the lever 30, then coupled to the lug 3 of the bed, at
which time the lever 30 is in its extreme right-hand position, the rack 22 has left
the pinion 11, and the pinion 10 has moved, or is being moved, into the path of
travel of the rack 21.
The next, or printing run of the bed is now to be made in the direction of the
arrow in Fig. 5. As the crank moves from the point at which it stands in Fig. 4 to
its highest position shown in Fig. 5, it will rock the lever 30, so as to start the bed.
through the lug 3 and socket 4, and so accelerate its motion, that when the crank
has reached its highest position, the bed, and hence the rack 21, lug 3, and socket 4,
will all be moving with a surface speed equal to that of the pinion 10, and therefore
the rack 21 will engage the pinion 10, and the lug 3 simultaneously disengage the
socket 4, which engaging and disengaging of the parts will be accomplished
smoothly and simultaneously. The bed will then be driven solely by the pinion 10,
the lug 3 will move away from the lever 30, and the lever will vibrate idly, as in
Figs. 6 to 12, while said pinion is making the two revolutions which cause the bed to
perform the major part of its printing run.
When, however, the rack 21 is about to run free from the pinion 10, as in Fig. 12,
the lever 30 will be so rocked while the crank is repeating its upper sweep, that as
the crank approaches. and passes its highest point, as in Fig. 13, the rack 21 will
leave the pinion 10, and the socket 6 of the lever will simultaneously receive the
lug 7, while the said parts are moving in harmony, at the surface speed of the
pinion 10. Now, while the crank is making its throw which brings the lever 30 to
its extreme left-hand position, the crank will so move the socket 6 as to gradually
slow down, and finally arrest the bed in the extreme position of its printing run, as
in Fig. 14, at which time the pinion 11 has moved, or is being moved, into the path
of travel of the rack 22.
As the crank then moves to its position shown in Fig. 15, it will cause the lever,
through the socket 6 and lug 7, to start the bed in the opposite direction,, and
accelerate its movement,, until it attains that of the pinion 11, when, as the crank
approaches and passes its lowest point, at, which time the rack 22 pinion 11,
socket 6, and lug 7, are all moving with like surface speed, the rack 22 engages the
pinion 11, while the lug 7 simultaneously disengages from the socket 6. The bed
will then be driven solely by the pinion 11, the lug 7 will move away from the
lever 30, and the lever will vibrate idly, as in Figs. 15 to 18, while said pinion 11

page_text: is making one complete revolution, which causes the bed to make the major part of
its non-printing run at twice the speed at which it was moved by the pinion 10 in.
making its printing run.
When, however, the rack is about leaving the pinion 11, as in Fig. 19, the crank:
will again be making its lower sweep, and as it approaches and passes its lowest
point, it will, through the lever 30, again bring the socket 4 into engagement with
lug 3, simultaneously with the disengaging of the rack 22 from the pinion 11, at
which time the said rack 22, pinion 11, socket 4, and lug 3, are moving concertedly
at the same surface speed. And as said crank moves from its lowest point to the
position it has in Fig. 4, it controls the further movement of the bed, and operates
to progressively slow it down, and finally bring it to a state of rest, as in Fig. 4,
which is the position from which this description of the operation of the parts
was begun.
It is to be observed that the principal portion of the reciprocating movement of
the bed is made in each direction by the rack and pinion mechanism independently
of the reversing mechanism, which latter periodically engages with the bed, and
operates only at the end of the run in both directions. The bed may therefore be
driven by the rack and pinion mechanism to any extent desired, before the reversing
mechanism is brought into action, the two bed-moving mechanisms being thus
independent, except as they are brought into co-action, when the driving action is
transmitted from one to the other of such mechanisms. The lugs on the bed and
sockets in the lever might exchange position without changing their mode of
operation, or their co-operative relation. The point of coupling of the lever and
the bed may be such, that an equal movement may be given to the bed in both
directions during the reversing operations at the end of the run of the bed in both
directions, and thus permit of the use of a pinion or pinions running at the same
surface speed in producing both movements of reciprocation of the bed, and therefore
this is to be regarded as within the scope of the present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination of a moving member, a pivoted lever provided with a yoke,
a rotating crank travelling in said yoke, to vibrate the same, and means for
coupling the lever-with, and uncoupling it from, said member, whereby movement
of said member in one direction is retarded and stopped, and its movement in the
opposite direction is started and accelerated, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a reciprocating member, of a pivoted lever provided
with a yoke, a rotating crank traveling in said yoke, to vibrate the same, and
means for coupling the said lever with, and uncoupling it from, said member,.
whereby the movements of said member in one direction is reversed, by being
retarded and stopped, and then started and accelerated in the opposite direction, at
each end of the run, substantially as described.
3. The combination with the moving bed and a rack and pinion mechanism.
operating to drive the same during the principal part of its run in either direction,
of a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke,
to vibrate the same, and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed,
whereby movement of the bed in one direction is retarded and stopped, and its
movement in the opposite direction is started and accelerated, substantially as
described.
4. The combination with the reciprocating bed and a rack and pinion mechanism
operating to drive the same during the principal part of its run in both directions,
of a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke,
to vibrate the same, and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed,.
whereby the movement of the bed in one direction is reversed by being retarded
and stopped, and then started and accelerated in the opposite direction, at each.
end of its run, substantially as described.

page_text: 5. The combination with the moving bed and means for moving the same
throughout the principal part of its run in either direction, of a pivoted lever
provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke, to vibrate the same,
and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed, whereby movement of
the bed in one direction is retarded and stopped, and its movement in the opposite
direction is started and accelerated, substantially as described.
6. The combination with the reciprocating bed, and means for moving the same
throughout the principal part of its run in both directions, of a pivoted lever
provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke; to vibrate the same,
and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed, whereby the movement
of the bed in one direction is reversed, by being retarded and stopped, and then
started and accelerated in the opposite direction, at each end of its run, substantially
as described.
7. A mechanism for reversing a moving member, consisting of the combination
with a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, and having means for alternately
coupling it to, and uncoupling it from, said moving member, of a rotating crank
travelling in said yoke, and operating to vibrate said lever differentially, so that it
will engage the moving member at one speed, retard and arrest it, and then start
and accelerate it to another speed, as it is disengaged therefrom, substantially as
described.
8. A mechanism for reversing a reciprocating member, consisting of the com-
bination with a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, and having means for alternately
coupling it with, and uncoupling it from, said member, of a rotating crank
travelling in said yoke, and operating to vibrate said lever differentially, so that it
will engage the moving member at one speed, retard and arrest the same, then
start and accelerate said member to another speed, as it is disengaged therefrom,
at each end of its movement, substantially as described.
9. The combination with the driving pinions 10, 11, and means for shifting the
same laterally, of a bed rack composed of two downwardly-facing racks arranged
in such planes as to be alternately engaged by said pinions, substantially as
described.
10. The combination with the moving bed and its engaging lugs 3, 7, of a single
.pivoted lever, having receiving sockets 4, 6, and provided with means for vibrating
the same, substantially as described.
11. The combination with the bed, its engaging lugs 3, 7, and a rack and pinion
mechanism for producing the principal part of its run in either direction, of a single
pivoted lever having receiving sockets 4, 6, and provided with means for vibrating
the same, substantially as described.
12. The combination of the bed, its engaging lugs 3, 7, a rack and pinion
mechanism for producing the principal part of its reciprocating movement, a single
pivoted lever provided with a yoke, and having receiving sockets 4, 6, and a rotating
crank for vibrating said lever, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the bed, its double rack 21, 22, and pinions 10, 11,
having different surface speeds, of the single pivoted lever provided with a yoke,
and an actuating crank for vibrating said lever differentially, for co-operation with
said pinions, substantially as described.
14. The combination with the bed, its engaging lugs 3, 7, the double rack 21, 22,
and pinions 10, 11, having different surface speeds, of the single pivoted lever
provided with receiving sockets 4, 6, and a yoke and a rotating crank operating to
vibrate said lever differentially, substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of January 1005
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1895
=
[Communicated from abroad by ROBERT HOE, Printing Press Manufacturer, of
504, Grand Street; in the City of New York, United States of America.]
Improved Means for Imparting Reciprocations to Parts of Printing
and other Machinery.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to printing machines which have reciprocating type beds
that co-operate with rotating cylinders in making the impression, and which
machines may have one, two, or more impression cylinders co-operating with as
many "forms" carried by the type bed.
Of these machines, one class has its cylinder driven from a top rack on the type-
bed, and rotated first in one direction and then in the other; in one class the
cylinder prints a sheet while running one way, is then raised for, and runs idly.
during, the return of the bed; in another class the cylinder does not rise and fall,
but prints while running both ways, and perfects a sheet; in another class the
cylinder has two feeds, and without rising and falling prints one side of two
sheets.
Another class of such machines has the impression cylinders continuously
revolved; of those having one impression cylinder, one class makes one revolution, .
another two, and another three revolutions during each reciprocation of the type
bed, in the first form, a depressed part of the cylinder allowing the returning
"form" to pass without contact with it; in the second form, the cylinder being
raised during the second revolution while the bed is returning, and in the third
form the cylinder is printing during one revolution, is being raised during the next
half revolution, stands raised during the next revolution, and is being lowered
during the next half revolution.
In each of these classes, the impression cylinder is of a different size relative to
the length of the run of the bed.
In the double cylinder class, two impression cylinders continuously revolve in
opposite directions, each one printing during its second revolution, and so rising
and falling, that while one cylinder is down in printing position, the companion is
up out of printing relation to the passing bed. Sheets may be fed to each cylinder,
and delivered printed upon one side only, or a sheet may be fed to one cylinder
and once printed, then transferred to the other cylinder; and be delivered printed
upon both sides.
In another class, the two impression cylinders continuously revolving in
opposite directions, have depressed portions for the non-printing passage of the
bed, and are connected by two transferring cylinders, so that a sheet printed by
one cylinder, is transferred to and printed by the other cylinder and delivered.
There is another class of printing machine in which the cylinder is driven during
the printing operation by a top rack on the bed, always turns in one direction, but
is stopped while the bed, in making its return, runs past a flat portion of the
cylinder.
Many of these various constructions have been the outcome of attempts to secure
speed of production, and a considerable number of bed-driving mechanisms' have.
been devised with the same end in view.

page_text: The object of the present invention is two-fold, that is to say,
1st. The providing of a mechanism for retarding and stopping the movement of
the bed in one direction, and starting and accelerating it in the reverse direction,
at each end of its run; which shall perform those operations so quickly as to
minimise the time for their accomplishment and thus enable the highest rate of
speed of the machine to be utilized, without undue modification in making such
reversing movements of the bed.
*. 2nd. The accomplishment of the return or non-printing movement of the bed at
a higher rate of speed than that which it has when the impression is made, whereby
the general speed of the machine is increased.
In carrying out the invention with reference to the first head, a single vibrating
crank-actuated lever is coupled with one or the other of engaging lugs, carried at
opposite ends of the bed, while the receiving socket of the lever is moving with the
same surface speed as the bed is impelled by its main driving mechanism, which
lever thereafter controls the movement of the bed during the reversing operation,
by progressively slowing it down to a state of rest, and then starting it, carries it
in the opposite direction with an accelerated speed, and when the reversing is
complete, is disengaged from the bed while moving at the same surface speed
therewith, and the main driving mechanism again becomes the driver.
For carrying into effect the second head, a main bed-driving mechanism is
employed, consisting of two pinions, one running at the greatest surface speed
which may be practically used while it drives the bed and the impression is being
made, and the other running at a considerably higher rate of speed, and driving
the bed when it is making its non-printing movement, these two speeds being
preferably attained by pinions of two sizes respectively gearing with separate
racks carried by the type bed.
These improvements are applicable to all forms of printing machines having
reciprocating beds, and to many other machines having like moving members;
thus, the first head may be used in connection with any of the forms of bed-
driving mechanism described in a Patent granted to Henry Edward Newton dated
June 14th 1892, No. 11161, as well as with any that are shewn herein, or with any
equivalent movements, while the second head is also applicable in combination with
many other forms of bed-retarding, stopping, starting, and accelerating mechanisms,
and its fast running pinion may be used without the slower-running bed-driving
pinion, in cases where the impression cylinder is driven by direct gearing from a
driving shaft, and is also geared to the type bed, during the time of impression, by
an upper bed rack, then meshing with a toothed wheel on the cylinder shaft.
An explanation of the manner in which these improvements are or may be
carried into effect, will now be given, aided by reference to the accompanying
drawings which illustrate embodiments thereof, as follows:--
Fig. 1 shews, by a side elevation, a cylinder printing machine provided with one
form of the present improvements.
Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof, partly in section.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the same; and
Figures 4 to 19 inclusive, are diagrams illustrating the positions of the principal
parts during each quarter revolution of the main driving pinion performed during
one reciprocation of the type-bed.
As a preliminary to a specific description of the various mechanisms, the machine
will be generally described.
It comprises the usual impression cylinder C, mounted to turn in suitable journals
supported by the frames, which cylinder co-operates with a reciprocating type-
bed B, that moves on slides S running in longitudinal ways W, rigidly secured to
the framework.
The cylinder C is rotated by a train outside of the frame,
consisting of wheel 17, and intermediates 16, 15, from a wheel 14 fast on the
shaft 12, and there is a train outside of the frame, consisting of a pinion 18 fast on
shaft 12, an intermediate 19, and wheel 20, that drives various parts, including
the shaft 13, to which the wheel 20 is fixed.

page_text: The shaft 12 carries what is denominated the main driving pinion 9, for the
reason that it determines the movements of the actual bed-driving pinions 10, 11.
This pinion 9 has such relation to the bed-driving mechanism, that it makes
three revolutions to each reciprocation of the bed, and though this has advantages,
such relative movement may be changed without affecting the present invention,
as may the construction and arrangement of the rack and pinion mechanism.
The bed-driving pinion 10, which is carried by the shaft 12, is of half the size.
of pinion 9, and hence, though it makes the same number of turns, its surface
speed is but one half that of said pinion 9. The bed-driving pinion 11, which is
mounted to turn freely upon a short shaft 5, is of equal size, and is geared
with the pinion 9, and hence makes turn for turn with it, and runs at a like
surface speed. The pinions 9 and 10 are mounted fast upon a common sleeve,
that may move on a spline, and the pinion 11 is likewise mounted upon a sleeve,
so as to move freely upon the shaft. 5, all of said pinions 9, 10, 11, being thus
capable of moving laterally to such slight extent as will bring the pinions 10, 11
alternately into gear with the bed racks 21, 22, which are fixed to the bed,
and depend therefrom in different vertical and horizontal planes, being arranged
horizontally so that the pitch line of the lowermost one, 21, will agree with
the pitch line of the upper part of the pinion 10; and so that the pitch line
of the uppermost one, 22, will agree with the pitch line of the upper part of
the pinion 11, and these racks are arranged horizontally, so that when the
pinion 10 is geared with, and driving the bed through the rack 21, while the
impression is being made, the pinion 11 will be out of the plane of travel of
the rack 22, and vice versa, and as the pinions 9 and 11 move laterally together,
5 they will remain geared together during their lateral movements, to carry the
pinion 11 into and out of driving position with respect to the rack 22.
The lateral movements of these pinions may be accomplished in various ways;
as here shewn, the means are the levers 23, 24, one, 24, entering a collar 25 on the
sleeve which carries the pinions 9, 10, and the other, 23, entering a collar 26 on
the sleeve which carries the pinion 11, both of which levers are fast on a shaft
that is oscillated by a rock arm 27 that is vibrated by means of a cam 28 on the
shaft 13.
Although the pinions 10 and 11 are the means in co-action with the racks 21, 22,
that cause the bed to make the principal or main portions of its reciprocating
movements, it will be observed, that since these racks are less in extent than the
run of the bed, they will leave said pinions before the movement of the bed is
completed in either direction.
The finishing of the movement of the bed in one direction, and the beginning of
its movement in the other direction, at each end of its run, is accomplished by the
retarding, stopping, starting, and accelerating mechanism, constituting one of
the main features of the invention.
This consists of a vibrating lever 30, which has receiving sockets 4, 6, and the
bed B carries at each end lugs 3, 7, suitable to be engaged by said sockets. This
lever 30 is actuated by a crank 29, whose pin plays in an elongated slot in said
lever, which crank 29 is fast upon the shaft 12, and therefore makes turn for turn
with the pinions 9, 11; and in consequence of the pin of the crank 29 working in
the slot, of the lever, which thus practically becomes a rocking yoke, the recipro-
eating movements imparted to the lever by the crank become differential, that is,
when the crank is making its lower sweep, or moving below the shaft 12, through
about a third revolution, the movement of the lever from its left hand position of
rest (Figure 18) is begun, and accelerated, until its socket 4 attains the surface
speed of the pinion 11, as the crank passes its lowest point (Figure 19); and as the
crank moves to its position in Figure 4, the lever is progressively slowed. down,
until it comes to a state of rest, as it reaches the limit of its movement to the right,
as in Figure 4. When the crank is making its upward sweep, or moving above
the shaft 12, through about two thirds of a revolution, the movement of the lever
from its right hand position of rest, as in Figure 4, is begun, and accelerated, until

page_text: its socket 4 attains the surface speed of the pinion 10, as. the crank passes its
highest point (Figure 5) the lever is progressively slowed down until it comes to a
state of rest, as it reaches the limit of its movement to the left, as in Figure 6.
Thus, the maximum speed of movement of. the socket 4 of the lever, performed
when the crank is making its long sweep, equals that of the fast moving pinion 11,
& enables said socket 4 to receive the. lug 3, & the rack 22 to leave the pinion 11,
while those parts are moving at the same surface speed, and then through said lug,
to slow down and stop the bed, and since the maximum speed of movement of the
socket 4 of the lever performed, when the crank is making its upward sweep, equals
that of the slow moving pinion 10, it enables the socket 4, through the lug 3, to
start the bed, and accelerate its movement, until that maximum speed is attained,
when the rack 21.will gear with the pinion 10, and the lug 3 disengage the socket 4,
while said rack, pinion, lug, and socket; are moving with like surface speed.
The movements of the parts with respect to the socket 6 and lug 7 in the
reversing operation, at the other end of the run of the bed, are substantially the
same as those just described, as will be clearly understood when the action of
the mechanism is considered in connection with the diagrams Figs. 4 to 19, wherein
various portions of the parts, during their operation, are illustrated as each quarter
revolution of the crank is made. In these diagrams, such, parts as would. obscure
others then active; are either broken away or shown in dotted lines.
Assuming the machine to have been in operation an. impression to have been
made, the type bed to have made its return movement, driven by the pinion 11 and
the rack 22, and said bed to have been arrested in the position of Fig. 4 by the
action of the socket 4 of the lever. 30, then coupled to, the lug 3 of the bed, at
which time the lever 30 is in its extreme right-hand position, the rack 22 has left.
the pinion 11, and the pinion 10 has moved, or is being moved, into the path of
travel of the rack 21.
The next, or printing run of the bed is now to be made in the direction of the
arrow in Fig. 5. As the crank moves from the point at which it stands in Fig. 4 to
its highest position shown in Fig. 5, it will rock the lever 30, so as to start the bed
through the lug.3 and socket 4, and so accelerate its motion, that when the crank
has reached its highest position, the bed, and hence the rack 21, lug 3, and socket 4,
will all be moving with a surface speed equal to that of the pinion 10, and therefore
the rack 21 will engage the pinion 10, and the lug 3 simultaneously disengage the
socket 4, which engaging and disengaging of the parts will be accomplished
smoothly and simultaneously. The bed will then be driven solely by the pinion 10,
the lug 3 will move away from the lever 30, and the lever will vibrate idly, as in
Figs. 6 to 12, while said pinion is making the two revolutions which cause the bed to
perform the major part of its printing run.
When, however, the rack 21 is about to run free from the pinion 10, as in Fig. 12,
the lever 30 will be so rocked while the crank is repeating its upper sweep, that as
the crank approaches and passes its highest point, as in Fig. 13, the rack 21 will
leave the pinion 10, and the socket 6 of the lever will simultaneously receive the
lug 7, while the said parts are moving in harmony, at the surface speed of the
pinion 10. Now, while the crank is making its throw which brings the lever 30 to
its extreme left-hand position, the crank will so move the socket 6 as to gradually
slow down, and finally arrest the bed in the extreme position of its printing run, as
in Fig. 14, at which time the pinion 11 has moved, or is being moved, into the path
of travel of the rack 22.
As the crank then moves to its position shown in Fig. 15, it will cause the lever,
through the socket 6 and lug 7, to start the bed in the opposite direction, and
accelerate its movement, until it attains that of the pinion 11, when, as the crank
approaches and passes its lowest point, at which time the rack 22 pinion 11,
socket 6, and lug 7, are all moving with like surface speed, the rack 22 engages the
pinion 11, while the lug. 7 simultaneously disengages from the socket 6. The bed
will then be driven solely by the pinion 11, the lug 7 will move away from the
lever 30, and the lever will vibrate idly, as in Figs. 15 to 18, while said pinion 11

page_text: is making one complete revolution, which causes the bed to make the major part of
its non-printing run at twice the speed at which it was moved by the pinion 10 in
making its printing run.
When, however, the rack is about leaving the pinion 11, as in Fig. 19, the crank
will again be making its lower sweep, and as it approaches and passes its lowest
point, it will, through the lever 30, again bring the socket 4 into engagement with
lug 3, simultaneously with the disengaging of the rack 22 from the pinion 11, at
which time the said .rack 22, pinion 11, socket 4, and lug 3, are moving concertedly
at the same surface speed. And as said crank moves from its lowest point to the
position it has in Fig. 4, it controls the further movement of the bed, and operates
to progressively slow it down, and finally bring it to a state of rest, as in Fig. 4,
which is the position from which this description of the operation of the parts
was begun.
.
It is to be observed that the principal portion of the reciprocating movement of
the bed is made in each direction by the rack and pinion mechanism independently
of the reversing mechanism, which latter periodically engages with the bed, and
operates only at the end of the run in both directions. The bed may therefore be .
driven by the rack and pinion mechanism to any extent desired, before the reversing
mechanism is brought into action, the two bed-moving mechanisms being thus
independent, except as they are brought into co-action, when the driving action is
transmitted from one to the other of such mechanisms. The lugs on the bed and
sockets in the lever might exchange position without changing their mode of
operation, or their co-operative relation. The point of coupling of the lever and
the bed may be such, that an equal movement may be given to the bed in both
directions during the reversing operations at the end of the run of the bed in both
.directions, and thus permit of the use of a pinion or pinions running at the same
surface speed in producing both movements of reciprocation of the bed, and therefore
this is to be regarded as within the scope of the present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, I.declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination of a moving member, a pivoted lever provided with a yoke,
a rotating crank travelling in said yoke, to vibrate the same, and means for
coupling the lever with, and uncoupling it from, said member, whereby movement
of said member in one direction is retarded and stopped, and its movement in the
opposite direction is started and accelerated, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a reciprocating member, of a pivoted lever provided
with a yoke, a rotating crank traveling in said yoke, to vibrate the same, and
means for coupling the said lever with, and uncoupling it from, said member,
whereby the movements of said member in one direction is reversed, by being
retarded and stopped, and then started and accelerated in the opposite direction, at
each end of the run, substantially as described.
3. The combination with the moving bed and a rack and pinion mechanism
operating to drive the same during the principal part of its run in either direction,
of a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke,
to vibrate the same, and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed,
whereby movement of the bed in one direction is retarded and stopped, and its
movement in the opposite direction is. started and accelerated, substantially .as
described.
11
4. The combination with the reciprocating bed and a rack and pinion mechanism
operating to drive the same during the principal part of its run in-both directions,
of a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke,
to vibrate the same, and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed,
whereby the movement of the bed in one direction is reversed by being retarded
and stopped, and then started and accelerated in the opposite direction, at each
end of its run, substantially as described.

page_text: 5. The combination with the moving bed and means for moving the same
throughout the principal part of its run in either direction, of a pivoted lever
provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke, to vibrate the same,
and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed, whereby movement of
the bed in one direction is retarded and stopped, and its movement in the opposite
direction is started and accelerated, substantially as described.
6. The combination with the reciprocating bed, and means for moving the same
throughout the principal part of its run in both directions, of a pivoted lever
provided with a yoke, a rotating crank travelling in said yoke, to vibrate the same,
and means for coupling and uncoupling the lever and bed, whereby the movement
of the bed in one direction is reversed, by being retarded and stopped, and then
started and accelerated in the opposite direction, at each end of its run, substantially
as described.
7. A mechanism for reversing a noving member, consisting of the combination
with a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, and having means for alternately
coupling it to, and uncoupling it from, said moving member, of a rotating crank
travelling in said yoke, and operating to vibrate said lever differentially, so that it
will engage the moving member at one speed, retard and arrest it, and then start
and accelerate it to another speed, as it is disengaged therefrom, substantially as
described.
8. A mechanism for reversing a reciprocating member, consisting of the com-
bination with a pivoted lever provided with a yoke, and having means for alternately
coupling it with, and uncoupling it from, said member, of a rotating crank
travelling in said yoke, and operating to vibrate said lever differentially, so that it
will engage the moving member at one speed, retard and arrest the same, ther
start and accelerate said member to another speed, as it is disengaged therefrom,
at each end of its movement, substantially as described.
9. The combination with the driving pinions 10, 11; and means for shifting the
same laterally, of a bed rack composed of two downwardly-facing racks arranged
in such planes as to be alternately engaged by said pinions, substantially as
described.
10. The combination with the moving bed and its engaging lugs 3, 7, of a single
pivoted lever, having receiving sockets 4, 6, and provided with means for vibrating
the same, substantially as described.
11. The conbination with the bed, its engaging lugs 3, 7, and a rack and pinion
mechanism for producing the principal part of its run in either direction, of a single
pivoted lever having receiving sockets 4, 6, and provided with means for vibrating
the same, substantially as described.
12. The combination of the bed, its engaging lugs 3, 7, a rack and pinion
mechanism for producing the principal part of its reciprocating movement, a single
pivoted lever provided with a yoke, and having receiving sockets 4, 6, and a rotating
crank for vibrating said lever, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the bed, its double rack 21, 22, and pinions 10, 11,
having different surface speeds, of the single pivoted lever provided with a yoke,
and an actuating crank for vibrating said lever differentially, for co-operation with
said pinions, substantially as described.
14. The combination with the bed, its engaging lugs 3, 7, the double rack 21, 22,
and pinions 10, 11, having different surface speeds, of the single pivoted lever
provided with receiving sockets 4, 6, and a yoke and a rotating crank operating to
vibrate said lever differentially, substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of January 1895
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.