Improvements in Steam and other Fluid-pressure Engines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1889-Accepted, 3rd Aug., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam and other Fluid-pressure Engines.
I, CARL FREDRIK WENNBERG, of Iónköping in the Kingdom of Sweden, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to a partially rotary steam or other fluid-pressure engine with
governor and lubricator especially constructed for the same.
The engine has a piston that only partially revolves consisting of one or more wings
fitted to the cylinder shaft, each wing moving in a separate chamber in the cylinder;
the said engine is provided with a distributing slide valve and an expansion-slide
valve, both of which partially revolve in separate chambers, the latter slide valve
being connected with the governor in such a manner as to completely open and cut
off the supply of steam or other fluid.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
how it can be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which,
Sheet 1 is a front elevation of a steam or other fluid-pressure engine, constructed
according to my invention.
Sheet 2 is an end view of the same with the fly-wheel in section.
Sheet 3 is a vertical section of the cylinder with the chambers of the distributing
slide-valves the section being taken through the line x, y, Sheet 4.
Sheet 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the same, the section being taken through
the line x, y, Sheet 3.
Figure 1, Sheet 5, is a front elevation of the chamber of the distributing slide-
valve.
Figure 2, Sheet 5, is a vertical longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 3, Sheet 5, is a plan view of the distributing slide-valve.
Figure 4, Sheet 5, is a front view.
Figure 5, Sheet 5, is a side view partly in section, and,
Figure 6, Sheet 5, is an end view of the same.
Figure 1, Sheet 6, is a front elevation partly in section of the chamber of the
expansion slide-valve with the slide and other appurtenances.
Figure 2 Sheet 6, is a sectional view of the same.
Figure 3, Sheet 6, is a front elevation partly in section of the adjusting spindle of
the expansion slide-valve.
Figure 4, Sheet 6, is an ond view of the same.
Figure 5, Sheet 6, is a front elevation partly in section of the rotating shaft for
operating the expansion slide-valve.
Figure 6, Sheet 6, is an end view of the same.
Figure 7, Sheet 6, is an elevation shewing the pivot-discs hereinafter described in
combination with a connecting rod which together form the connection between the
adjusting spindle and the expansion slide-valve.
Figure 8, Sheet 6, is a front view of the guiding-block of the expansion slide-
valve.
Figure 9, Sheet 6, is a side view of the same.
Figure 1, Sheet 7, is a front view of the fixed grate-like disc of the expansion
slide-valve.
Figure 2, Sheet 7, is a section of the same through the line x, y, Figure 1.
Figure 3, Sheet 7, is a front view partly in section of the expansion-slide.
Figure Shoot 7 is a side view of the come

page_text: bolts d. The details of the wings are shown in Sheet 8. They each consist of a
triangular shaped hollow casting which both on the upper surface and on the sides is
provided with grooves for the reception of packing. The outer surface has three
strips of packing, the middle one d² being at both ends provided with a rectangular
projection, which fits into a corresponding recess in the upper end of the piece of
packing d³ at the ends of the wings; the pieces of packing d³ are in two parts which
are caused to expand longitudinally by means of a spiral spring d (Figure 6). The
remaining two strips of packing ds on the outer surface of the wings and located one
on each side of the strip 2 are both in two parts and made to expand like the pieces
on the end of the wings by means of coiled springs de, all the pieces of packing both
at the outer surface and end, being provided with springs d.
The steam chest B (Sheets 3, 4 and 5) which through the steam ports a² com-
municates with the chamber of the cylinder is bored conical and provided with a
corresponding slide or plug (shewn in detail in Sheet 5) which is hollow and open on
a part of its conical surface as at its largest end, these openings 62 and b³ respectively
serving as an outlet for the exhaust steam. The distributing slide b' is provided with
two cavities producing the sliding and closing surfaces 65 and 66; 6 is for closing the
steam ports a² to the cylinder and 6 is for covering the passages b to the chest of
the expansion-slide. The passages b may be two or more in number. In Sheet 5 of
the drawings for example I have shown seven in each row. The distributing slide is
kept tight in the valve chest by the pressure of a spring 6º, Sheet 4, placed in the
valve-chest head 68, the spring & acting on the slide through a pin 60 and a cross
piece 61.
b
The chest C (Sheet 6) of the expansion slide-valve, which through the passages
are in communication with the chest B of the distributing slide-valve, is a cylindrical
chamber, which on its front side is formed into a conical bearing for the rotating
shaft of the expansion slide-valve. Between the flanges of the chest of the
expansion slide-valve and that of the distributing slide-valve is screwed a grating-like
plate E (shown in detail at Figures 1 and Sheet 7) against which the expansion-
slide c slides steam-tight. The expansion-slide is formed of two or more plates c
turning independently upon a common pivot F. In Sheets 6 and 7 of the drawings
two of such plates are shown by way of example. The plates c are formed with one
or more openings c' corresponding with the openings e in the plate E. The expansion-
slide receives its motion through the conical rotating shaft on the collar of which is
keyed an annular plate c³ (shewn in detail at Figures 7 and 8, Sheet 7) which by
means of pivots c is connected with the discs c° (shewn in detail at Figure 7, Sheet 6
and Figures 9, 10 and 11, Sheet 7) which transmit the motion to the expansion-slide
through the pivots c and guiding blocks c' (shewn in detail at Figures 8 and 9
Sheet 6) sliding in slots in the expansion slide. The expansion is regulated by a
in connection with the
shaft g (shewn detached in Figures 3 and 4 Sheet 6) which
governor and fits concentrically in the rotary shaft. It is provided with a plate 98
carrying a pivot pin which through the connecting rod go and the pivot c' is
connected with the disc c, which by means of the pivot co, the connecting rod 9" and
the pivot is in connection with another disc c³. The pivot c¹ is a change-pivot for
reversing the connecting rods g10 and g¹¹ (shewn in detail at Figure 7, Sheet 6).
The governor (Sheet 9) consists of the levers g² which are provided with the balls g¹
and secured to the lugs on the boss of the fly-wheel Q; the said governor further
consists of the connecting rods g³ which turu on the pivots g on the levers and on the
pivots g, fastened to the collar 9 which slides on the main shaft I and guided by the
feather. The collar has a groove g² in which works a semi-circular yoke k connected
by a pivot to a two-armed lever k² which by means of a pivot ³ is connected to the
projecting piece on the frame of the engine. The lever is through the connecting
rod k connected to a two-armed lever turning on the pivot k, which is fixed to the
guiding block 8, the latter being moved in the slot by the screw-spindle ko
provided with the hand wheel All for starting the engine. The upper end of the two-
armed lever A is acted upon by a double adjustable spring k" turning on the pivot k¹³

page_text: fixed to the frame, and kept in tension by the screw k¹, which is passed through one
portion of the spring and fixed to the frame by the countersunk nut k¹. The lower
end of the lever is provided with a toothed segment 1 which engages with a
corresponding toothed segment " keyed to the horizontal shaft L, which through the
medium of a crank and a connecting rod acts on the crank on the regulating-
shaft g.
The main-shaft carries two eccentrics M and N (sheets 1 and 2) the eccentric M
being employed to operate the expansion slide and the eccentric N the distributing-
slide.
The eccentric M acts on the expansion-slide c through the connecting rod m, the
crank m', the shaft m² journalled in the frame, the crank m³, the connecting-rod m,
the crank m³, keyed on the horizontal shaft O, the crank me, the connecting-rod m²,
and the crank m keyed to the rotary shaft c³ of the expansion-slide.
The eccentric N acts on the distributing slide through the connecting rod n, the
crank n', the shaft 2 carrying the two-armed lever n³, the connecting-rods n* and the
cranks n keyed to the pivot of the distributing slide.
The main shaft I is journalled in both of the frames P and between the latter
carries the fly-wheel Q, which may also receive a driving band and thus serve as a
driving pulley. It is driven from the cylinder through the medium of a crank-disc
or. wheel R keyed to the main-shaft, a connecting rod S and the crank T, koyed to
the cylinder-shaft D. The partially rotating cylinder shaft D above mentioned is, by
reason of the radius of the crank T being greater than that of the crank R able to
convert the oscillating movement of the crank T into a complete rotary movement of
the crank R on the main-shaft.
The supply of steam is provided through the pipes U communicating with the
under side of the chest of the expansion slide, (Sheets 1. 2 and 6) and the exhaust
takes place through the pipes V leading from the under side of the chest of the
distributing slide (Sheets 1. 2 and 5).
The lubricator (Sheet 10) comprises a reservoir X for the oil with a cover
provided with a funnel a² and secured to the base 23 by means of screw-bolts a
In the said base (shewn in detail in sheet 11) is arranged a cock having
one or more holes, in which are tight-fitting pistons forced outwards by means
of a spring their one outer end being connected by a socket-joint with a curved
block which slides against a guiding-rail 10 turning upon a pivot. The
position of this guiding rail 10 is adjusted by means of a screw all provided with
a. graduated dial-wheel 12 in combination with an indicator ¹³ (Figures 1 and 2
sheet 10); the dial wheel has a stud or stop 14 in order to prevent an incorrect
reading.
The cock of the lubricator is at the largest part of its conical plug provided
with a pointed hollow stud 16 in which is a spiral spring 16; the point of the stud
presses against a bar and the plug is thus by means of the spring pressed into
the body of the cock in order to keep it tight. The smaller end of the plug is
provided with a pivot 18, carrying a crank which through the pivot 20 and
the connecting-rod 21 (Sheets 1 and 2) is connected with the ring of the eccentric N
thus receiving its movement from the latter. In the base below the cock one 4
or more chambers 22 (two are shewn in the drawing) are arranged to receive the
oil, which by the piston is brought down from the upper reservoir through the
movement of the cock. From the chambers 22 the oil is conducted through pipes 23
to the places where it is to be used.
The supply of steam is effected through the pipes U into the chest C of the
expansion-slide c, whence the steain, through the regulation of the expansion-slide
by means of the sliding-wheel, is admitted into the chest B of the distributing
slide through the openings in the plate E and the passages 6; from the chest B
the steam is, by the movement of the distributing-slide b, alternately let into the
chambers a¹ of the cylinder above and below the partition wall a through the
ports a² and at the same time the exhaust-steam is, by the movement of the same
+

page_text: slide, alternately let into the exhaust pipe V through the ports a³, the side
openings and the bottom opening of the said slide.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In a steam or other fluid-motor a conical cylindrical or other circular shaped
chamber or part of such a chamber provided with one or more cross pieces or
partitions a fitting tight in the inner surface and ends of the chamber and in a
partially rotating or oscillating round shaft D passing through the same; and fixed
to the same one or more wings d, which with their packing slide tight against
the sides of the chamber which is closed tight at both ends, through which the
shaft D passes and is turned in its journals by the motive power acting on the
wings, cranks T being keyed to one or both ends of the said shaft and having
pivots t, from which the power is transmitted through the connecting rod S to the
part or parts to be operated substantially as set forth."
2. In a steam or other fluid-motor the arrangement of steam-chest B of conical
or cylindrical shape, the sides of which are traversed by ports b, b and a², a² for
conducting the motive fluid into and out of the same, the passage of the fluid
being regulated by means of a rotating hollow slide fitted tight into the said
steam chest and provided on the outer circumference with passages 6 by which
the motive fluid is alternately regulated in its passage to the chamber a¹, a¹ and
partly traversed passage, through which the exhaust fluid is led off from the
chamber a', a into the hollow centre 63 of the slide, from which it is led off in
the usual way through the exhaust-pipe V substantially as set forth.
3. In a steam or other fluid motor the expansion slide consisting of two or more
independently rotating plates arranged around a common centre F and traversed
by passages e and against which the expansion-slide works substantially as set
forth.
4. In a steam or other fluid motor the arrangement of parts forming the con-
nection between the expansion-slide c and the spindle g for the regulation of the
necessary quantity of steam for use, so that the latter shall at all times act on the
expansion-slide with its initial pressure, the said connection consisting of the annular-
plate, two discs the connecting-rods go and gl and a rotary shaft g passing
through the shaft c³, the shaft g.being provided with a plate 98, on which is a pivot
pin connected by a rod 910 with the pivot c of the disc c; the fourth pivot co of
the said disc being regulated from the governor by being connected through the
connecting-rod g with the pivot cl of the second disc both discs being thereby
caused to rotate at an equal rate of speed but in an opposite direction around the
pivot cas set forth and illustrated in sheet 6 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In a steam or other fluid motor an arrangement for starting the motor in
which the expansion slide acts both as an opening and hand regulating-valve, the
said arrangement consisting of the governor with grooved collar g' in combination
with the yoke k, two armed lever k³, connecting rod ko, two-armed lever k³ turning
on the pivot k fixed to the guide block moving in the slot and adjusted by
the screw-spindle 10 having a starting wheel k¹¹; the double spring of the two-
armed lever and the toothed segment ¹ gearing into a corresponding toothed
segment keyed on to the shaft L carrying the crank and the connecting-rod
acting on the crank l' on the cylinder shaft g substantially as set forth.
6. In a steam or other fluid motor the arrangement of lubricator by means of
which during the working of the motor the quantity of oil supplied is regulated
and indicated, the said lubricator consisting of a conical or cylindrical cock 2
provided with one or more holes, in which close-fitting pistons are acted on by
an eccentric guiding-rail 10 adjusted by a screw all with a dial-wheel ¹ substantially
as set forth.

page_text: 7. The improved steam or other fluid motor substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 25th day of June 1889.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.