Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Drying Brewery and Distillery Bye-products and the like Materials.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 20th May, 1899-Accepted, 24th June, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Drying Brewery and
Distillery Bye-products and the like Materials.
I, ERNEST AUGUSTUS HAMLYN, of 37, Mark Lane, London, E.C., Expert in
Brewery and Distillery Bye-Products, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to apparatus for drying brewery and distillery bye-
products and the like materials, such, for example, as yeast, brewers grains, and
spent hops. Its main object is to so construct such apparatus that it may be employed
for drying two or even three different materials simultaneously, so that an
economy may be effected in space, time, and steam or other source of heat.
An apparatus constructed to embody these improvements consists essentially
of two hollow cylinders geared together so as to rotate in contact with each other
or close to one another in the same horizontal plane. Each cylinder is furnished
with double walls or is otherwise formed or provided with a jacket or annular
space to which steam or heated air or gases may be admitted. Such an apparatus
may thus effect the drying of the yeast, grains, or the like material at three
points, that is to say, upon the upper external surfaces of the cylinders where they
rotate in contact or nearly in contact with each other, and in the interior of each
cylinder.
It will of course be understood that different materials may be dried at the three
places, or that the same material may be undergoing simultaneous or successive
drying.
The material which is fed upon the exteriors of the cylinders is fed from a tank
or the like to any suitable depth upon the cylinders lower than their highest
points. If desired and especially with very fluid materials, walls or partitions
may be provided at or near each end of the cylinders, these walls being shaped
to the curve of the cylinders, so as to prevent any end flow and escape of the
material. The grains or the like pass between the cylinders and either fall
directly into a suitable receptacle, or they may adhere to the surfaces of the
cylinders until they are removed by scrapers or their equivalents and drop into
the receptacle.
The material to be dried inside the cylinders may be fed into them be means
of hoppers, spouts, Archimedean screws, or other screw conveyers, or other
similar and suitable devices which are at present commonly employed. The
inside surfaces of the cylinders are preferably formed or provided with blades,
plates or the like, which not only stir and agitate the material but feed it towards
the outlet ends, whence it falls into receivers or conveyers or is removed in any
convenient manner.
Steam may be admitted to the jackets of the cylinders by means of suitably
arranged pipes which are connected with and open into the jackets, and the other
ends of which are formed to rotate in stuffing boxes or glands. Similar pipes
and devices may be employed for the steam to be with-drawn at the other ends
of the cylinders

page_text: The ends of the cylinders may be open or closed or partially closed. They are
preferably closed or partially closed by means of extensions from the steam jackets,
sufficient space being left at each end for the ingress and egress of the grain or
other material. In one form the material may be fed by means of a screw con-
veyor through the centre of the steam inlet pipe which in this case would be
annular.
It is preferred to provide one end of each cylinder with a fan or air propeller,
or to enclose the ends within a hood or the like communicating with a shaft or
uptake, or to employ other means for removing vapour from the insides of the
cylinders.
The outlet ends of the cylinders may be provided, inside the steam space, with
spiral blades, vanes or their equivalents by means of which during rotation, any
water of condensation may be led to the central steam outlet pipe. Blow off
cocks may also be provided.
The weight of the cylinders may conveniently be supported by means of bowls
or rollers placed at suitable points.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Drying Brewery and
Distillery Bye-products and the like Materials.
ERNEST AUGUSTUS HAMLYN, of 37, Mark Lane, London, E.C., Expert in
Brewery and Distillery Bye-Products, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly 2
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for drying brewery and distillery bye-
products and the like materials, such, for example, as yeast, brewers' grains, and
spent hops. Its main object is to so construct such apparatus that it may be employed
for drying two or even three different materials simultaneously, so that an 3
economy may be effected in space, time and steam or other source of heat.
An apparatus constructed to embody these improvements consists essentially
of two hollow cylinders geared together so as to rotate in contact with each other
or close to one another in the same or approximately the same horizontal plane.
Each cylinder is furnished with double walls or is otherwise formed or provided a
with a jacket or annular space to which steam or heated air or gases may be
admitted. Such an apparatus may thus effect the drying of the yeast, grains
or the like material at three points, that is to say, upon the upper external
surfaces of the cylinders and in the interior of each cylinder.
The accompanying drawings, to which I will hereinafter refer, illustrate an 4
apparatus constructed to embody these improvements.
Figure 1 represents the apparatus in plan with the end of one of the cylinders
broken away to show the rollers by means of which the cylinders are supported.
Figure 2 shows a cross section of one of the cylinders.
Figure 3 is an illustration of a longitudinal section of the apparatus taken
through one of the cylinders.
Figure 4 illustrates an end elevation of the apparatus.
Figure 5 is a representation of some of the adjustable plates or blades by means
of which the rate of passage of the material being dried within a cylinder may be
varied.

page_text: Figure 6 shows in greater detail a few of the scrapers which may be employed
to remove adherent material from the external surfaces of the cylinders.
A and A¹ are two hollow cylinders geared together in any suitable manner
as by the wheels B, B, and so arranged that they are capable of rotating in contact
with or nearly in contact with each other. Each cylinder is formed with double
walls or is jacketed so that steam or heated air or gases can be introduced
into the hollow spaces and thus effect the heating of the cylinders. D, D, are
steam or similar pipes adapted to rotate in packing boxes or glands E co-axial
with the cylinders and opening into the spaces C, and F, F, are exhaust pipes
which are also capable of rotating within co-axial glands or like joints G.
The cylinders are supported upon rollers or bowls H, H, and motion is imparted
to them through the pinion J. K is a bin or receptacle which is arranged below
the cylinders for the reception of the dried material which has passed between the
heated rollers.
The material to be dried upon the external surfaces of the cylinders is fed into
the space between and over them, and, especially if very fluid, may be retained
by means of the walls or partitions M which fit closely to the cylindrical surfaces.
The material is dried by contact with the heated rotating cylinders, and passes
down between them into the receptacle K. Any material adhering to the
cylinders is removed by the scrapers N and also falls into the receptacle.
The material to be dried inside the cylinders is fed into them at one end by
means of hoppers, Archimedean screws, or by other similar or suitable devices
or means, and is removed from them at the other end. The feeding of the
material forward is effected by angle plates secured to the internal surfaces of the
heated rotating cylinders. These plates may all be fixed as indicated at O, or may all
be adjustable as indicated at P', or they may be some of them adjustable and some
fixed.
These
The adjustable plates are separately illustrated in Figure 5.
plates P are pivotted or suitably connected to two parallel bars Q, and R, so that
when one of the bars is moved longitudinally the plates are caused to assume a
position diametrically across the cylinder as shown in the full lines, or to set
themselves at an angle thereto as indicated by the dotted lines. By varying the
angle of the adjustable plates or blades the rate of feed can be varied.
The vanes or plates Sillustrated in Figure 2 are secured to the inside of the
cylinders, and serve to stir, lift and agitate the material under treatment.
T is a hopper formed with two outlets by means of which material is supplied
to the interiors of the cylinders.
A number of independent hinged and counter weighted scrapers N may be
employed for removing adherent material from the outside of the cylinders as
represented in Figure 6. Each of these scrapers is shown with a leading edge and
a following edge, and they may be so arranged that the scrapers arranged between
the centre and one end of the cylinder may have the leading edges arranged
oppositely to those between the centre and the other end of the cylinder.
Instead of the separate scrapers shown a single continuous scraper may be
employed on the outside of each cylinder.
In order to decrease the loss of heat from radiation the ends of the cylinders
may be partly closed by plates sufficient space being only left for the ingress
and egress of the material, and these plates may also, if desired, be steam jacketed.
Fans, blowers or the like may be arranged in combination with the cylinders
to convey from their interiors any vapours, fumes or the like.
It will, of course, be understood that one material may be dried within one
cylinder, another material within the other cylinder, and yet a third material may
be dried upon the outsides of the cylinders, or the same material may be under-
going simultaneous or successive drying.
The cylinders may be so mounted or their supporting rollers may be so arranged
that the distance between the two cylinders may be varied slightly if desired.
Instead of having only two cylinders mounted in the same or approximately
the same horizontal plane, three or more may be similarly arranged, drying taking

page_text: place simultaneously in each cylinder and in the spaces between and above
adjacent cylinders.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. An apparatus for drying brewery and distillery bye-products and the like
materials, consisting of two heated hollow cylinders arranged side by side and
geared so as to rotate together, the whole being so constructed that drying may
be simultaneously effected within each cylinder and upon their exteriors, substan-
tially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. A two cylinder drying apparatus constructed and arranged substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the accom-
panying drawings.
T101
J
A D 1000
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant."