IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING. SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Tatham, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING. SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING
COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 19th December 1862, and dated the 28th June 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Tatham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
June 1862.
"I, JOHN TATHAM, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING
COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to the carding engine, and consists in a method
of giving motion to the doffer comb thereof. For this purpose I attach it to
an arm or arms which are carried by an excentric or excentrics mounted upon
a revolving shaft; also I employ for the same purpose a crank or excentric at
both ends of the doffer comb, or at the middle or other part thereof between
the ends.
Another method of giving motion to the doffer comb consists in mounting it
after the manner of a parallel rule, so that when motion is communicated to
the end thereof the required reciprocating action is produced.
Another part of my Invention relates to bobbins used in preparing, spinning,
doubling, and winding, and consists in making them of corrugated or fluted
metal.

page_text: Another part of my Invention relates to the mule, and consists, firstly, in a
method of discontinuing the motion of the winding drum before the carriage
has completed its outward draw. For this purpose I cause the band to be
carried forward bodily. Thus, at one end I attach it to a weighted lever, and
at the other end to a sliding piece, against which a part attached to the
carriage arrives, and thus the band is moved bodily forward with the drum.
Or in place of this arrangement I cause the band to be slackened at the
required time.
Another improvement in the mule consists in causing the twist motion and
"jacking" to proceed from the same shaft or source of motion, and also in the
said twist motion. I use a spaced worm wheel for determining the motion
thereof.
Another improvement in the mule refers to the winding-on motion, and
consists in giving motion to the regulating screw from the shaft which drives
the quadrant; also in connexion with the regulating screw I employ a catch
wheel and catch in connexion with a band and pulley, acting as a brake, for
putting the clutch box of the said regulating screw into gear.
Another improvement in the winding-on motion consists in mounting the
"nosing peg" upon a fixed centre, and giving motion thereto by a worm and
worm wheel.
Another improvement in the mule consists in a method of adapting the
'stops to the slubbing wheel and twist motion, and consists in providing for
their being adjusted in any required position without forming slots through
the metal. For this purpose I provide the parts to which the said stops are
to be adapted with dovetailed grooves, or with corresponding projecting parts
within or upon which the stops may be tightened in any required position
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Tatham in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th December 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TATHAM, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her

page_text: reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Tatham,, Her special license that I, the said John Tatham, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Tatham, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands,.. and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING. AND WINDING
COTTON. WOOL, AND, OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL," upon the condition, amongst
others, that I, the said John Tatham, by an, instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said, Invention, and in what, manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months, next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John, Tatham, do hereby declare
the,nature of my said, Invention, and in what manner t
the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My Invention relates, firstly, to the carding engine, and consists in certain
methods of giving motion to the doffer comb. The first of these is shewn at
Figs. 1 and 2. At 1 is a shaft extending across the carding engine, and at
each end thereof is mounted an excentric 2; one only is shewn in the Drawing.
Upon the strap of these excentrics are arma 3, to which is attached the doffer
comb 4. At 5 is a radius rod or spring for guiding the comb, as usual
Motion is communicated to the shaft 1 through the medium of a pulley 6, an
and
thus by this arrangement the power is applied at each end of the comb.
Another method of giving motion to the doffing comb is shewn at Fig. 3.
The comb is, at 7, mounted at each end upon levers 8 turning upon fixed
centres at 9. The end of the comb is connected to a lever 10 mounted
upon a centre pin at 11, and carrying at its lower end a roller situate within a
grooved cam 12. When rotatory motion is communicated to the cam 12
through the pulley 13, or by other means, the lever 10 will be caused to
vibrate upon its centre 11, thus moving to and fro the comb 7, which, being
carried by the levers 8, will, at the same time, be caused to rise and fall after
the manner of a parallel rule.
Another part of my Invention relates to bobbins used in preparing, spin-
ning, doubling, and winding, and consists in making them of corrugated or
fluted metal. This is illustrated at Figs. 4 and 5, the latter of which shews a

page_text: horizontal section of the bobbin composed of thin metal corrugated around its
circumference. If flanges are required they may be of metal, and soldered or
otherwise attached, and the bobbins may be bushed in any ordinary manner.
The Drawing shews the corrugations extending in the direction of the axis of
the bobbin, but they may be at right angles or any other angle thereto.
The next part of my Invention refers to the mule, and is specially applicable
to those machines commonly called woollen mules. This improvement is
shewn at Figs. 6 and 7, which represent so much of a mule as is necessary to
explain the Invention in side elevation and plan views. The object in view is
to discontinue the motion of the winding on drum before the carriage has
completed its outward draw, and this I accomplish as follows:-The winding-
on drum is shewn at 16, to which is attached the winding-on chain 17, the
other end thereof being connected to the arm 18 of the quadrant, after the
usual manner. The winding-on band which causes the drum 16 to revolve is
at 19, but according to my Invention it is attached at one or both ends to a
yielding point or points. According to the method shewn in the Drawing, to
one end thereof is connected a bell-crank lever 20 weighted upon one of its
arms at 21. The other end thereof is attached to a sliding piece 22 mounted
so as to be capable of moving to and fro in guides 23; but its extent of motion
may be determined by adjusting a stop 24 which arrives in contact with the
guides 23. The operation is as follows:-Supposing the carriage to be
running out, that is, in the direction of the arrow, it will arrive in contact with
the end of the sliding piece 22, thus pushing it backward and causing it to
carry forward the band 19, which band, yielding at the same time at the end 20
thereof, will move bodily with the drum 16, so as to fail in imparting rotatory
motion thereto: The consequence of this will be that the chain 17 will not be
wound up, but will be slackened between its points of attachment, and when,
therefore, the quadrant is put in motion to wind on by the usual means, a
certain time will elapse before the said winding on commences, the extent of
which may be determined by shifting the stop 24, so as to cause more or less
of the above-mentioned slackness in the chain 17. Upon the running in of
the carriage it will leave the sliding piece 22, and the weight 21 will restöre
the band to its starting position. Instead of employing the foregoing arrange-
ment we also effect the same object by slackening the band 19 when it is
desired to prevent the drum 16 from revolving, and this may be done by
causing the carriage to arrive in contact with a band or rod which extends
forward to the lever 20, so as to cause it to turn upon its centre towards the
drum 16, or the said slackening may in like manner take place at the end 19×
of'the band.

page_text: Another improvement applicable to woollen mules consists in causing the..
"twist motion" and "jacking" to proceed from the same shaft or source of
motion. This is shewn at Fig. 8, before referred to, and also at Fig. 8,
which represents certain parts of a mule in end view. The shaft of the twist
motion is shewn at 25, driven by a worm on the rim shaft taking into a
wheel 26. Upon this twist motion shaft is à cam 27, acting against a roller.
carried by a lever 28, which turns upon a fixed centre at 29. The lower end
of the lever 28 is connected to a rod 30, which passes through an arm 30*
extending from the inule carriage, and is supported at its other end by a
guide 31. Upon the rod 30 is à stop 32, which may be adjusted in any
desired position.
The operation is as follows: According to the position shewn in the
Drawing, the twist motion is at rest, and the smallest diameter of the cam 27
is opposite to the roller on the lever 28. The carriage, by now running out,
will bring the part 30* thereof into contact with the stop 32, whereby the
rod 30 will be thrust forward, and the lever 28 caused to turn upon its
centre 29. This will bring the roller on the said lever towards the twist
shaft so as to cause it to lie à gainst the smallest diameter of the cam 27, and
the twist motion then commencing by the usual means, will cause the cam 27
to act against the lever 28, thereby causing it to turn upon its centre, and
draw back the rod 30, and as at this time the stop 32 is in contact with the
carriage, the said carriage will be drawn inward to the required extent, so as
to effect the "jacking," the tension of the yarns assisting such motion. This
having been accomplished, the cam 27 will have restored the lever 28 to the
position shewn in the Drawing ready for a repetition of the above described
operation at another stretch.
My next improvement in the mulé refers to the winding-on motion of mules
in general, and will be explained by reference to Figs. 9 and 10, which
represent certain parts of a mule in side and end elevations. The quadrant
is shewn at 34, driven by the usual shaft 35. Upon this shaft is a pulley 36,
over which a chain passes, and from thence to another pulley 37, which slides
upon a shaft 38, and carries a clutch box 39. This clutch box corresponds to
another formed upon a bevil pinion 40, which is also loose upon the shaft 38,
and takes into a pinion 41 fixed upon the regulating screw 42, so that when
the two clutch boxes are placed in gear, the required motion is imparted to
the screw 42. The method which the clutch boxes are placed in and out
of gear may be varied, but a particular method I adopt is as follows:-The
pulley 37 and its clutch box are provided with a grooved boss, within which is
a pin extending from a lever 43, capable of turning upon a fixed centre

page_text: at 44, and the lower end of this lever is provided with a weight 45, which
tends to cause the said lever to turn upon its centre so as to keep the clutch
boxes out of gear, but the extent to which the said. lever can turn is deter-
mined by a bar 46, against which it is caused to bear. This bar is formed as
an inclined plane, and to it is attached one end of the band 47, which band,
after passing around the drum 48, is connected at its other end to a weighted
lever 49. Upon the axis; of the druin 48 is a pulley 50.(see Fig. 7), around
which is placed a strap 51, so as to, act as a break, when pressed..tightly
thereon. The ends of this strap pass through a plate 52, one end, of which is
connected to a chain 53 passing over a pulley 54, and connected at its other
end to a lever 55, turning upon a centre 56. The lever 55 carries, a
pulley 57,over which a chain 58 passes, one end, being connected to the faller
and the other to the counterfaller 59. Supposing,the carriage to be running
in and the counterfaller to remain elevated, the lever 55 will be held up, and
the chain 53 will not cause, the plate 52 to act upon,the strap 51, so as to bind
it upon the drum 50, under which circumstances the drum 48 will be free,to
revolve, and no motion will be imparted to the band 47; but, when the
counterfaller sinks, the lever, 55 will turn upon its centre .56.. by means of
the weight 60, whereby the chain 53 will be drawn upward so as to act upon
the plate 52, and cause it to bind the strap 51 upon the pulley 50, thereby
preventing the drum; 48. from revolving, and the motion, of the,carriage will
now therefore carry forward the band 47,, and with it the sliding piece 46,
which acting by means of its incline upon the lever 43, will turn it upon its
centre 44, and thus, bring the clutch box upon the pulley 37 into gear with
.the other clutch box on the pinion 40, and, this motion will be imparted to
the regulating screw 42. The lever 43 is returned to the position, shewn
in the Drawing by the weight 45, but this is also assisted by a spring 61
one end of which is connected to the framework, and the other to the
plate 46.
Another improvement applicable to mules in general relates to the "nosing
peg" thereof, and is shewn at Fig. 9, before referred to. The nosing peg'
"is
shewn at 62, mounted upon an arm 63, which turns upon a fixed, centre
at 64; the other, end of this, arm, carries a worm quadrant 65, in,gear with
, which is a worm 66, which,, may be turned by a pulley handle 67, so as to
adjust the, nosing peg in any, required position.
:
Having thus, described and ascertained the nature of my,said, Invention,
and the manner, in, which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I; claim, as secured to me under the above iu part recited
.Letters Patent;-

page_text: Firstly, the methods described of giving motion to the doffer combs of
carding engines.
Secondly, constructing bobbins used in preparing, spinning, doubling, and
winding of corrugated metal.
In reference to the mule, I claim,-
Firstly, and for the purpose above set forth, causing the winding-on drum
and band to be carried forward bodily or for the same purpose causing the
said band to be slackened.
Secondly, causing the "twist motion" and "jacking" to proceed from the
same shaft a source of motion.
Thirdly, as applied to the winding-on motion, I claim giving motion to the
regulating screw from the shaft which drives the quadrant, also the method of
putting the clutch box of the said regulating screw into gear.
Fourthly, mounting the "nosing peg" upon a fixed centre, and giving
motion thereto by a worm and worm wheel...
In witness whereof, I, the said John Tatham, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN TATHAM. (L.s.)