AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING PIPES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, THOMAS SMITH, of Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Potter, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF MAKING PIPES" to be as follows:
The principal object and advantages of this Invention are, among
others, primarily the submitting the newly formed pipe, before burning,
to a regular and considerable pressure, whereby the whole material is
consolidated and air and superfluous moisture driven out, and the socket
is formed by the machine without the addition of more clay or use of
water. substance of material is ensured at the same
Also an in
time a perfectly cylindrical pipe is produced. A great saving of time
in drying the pipe is also effected, the article being ready for the kiln in'
a few hours after leaving the machine; and the compression prevents, in

page_text: the process of baking or burning, the liability to air bubbles, fire flaws,
and spalting.
THE DESCRIPTION OF THE MACHINE.
The Drawing shews the nature of the machine to be used. A, is the
driving lever; D, is the screw; B, is the core or plunger. a, a, a, is
the jacket.;..E, is the core plate; C, is the fastener of the jacket; F, is
a block to which the jacket is hung; and B, B, is the enlarged part of
the jacket.
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5
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The method or mode of using the machine, or the operation by
which these advantages are to be effected, is thus:-The clay having
passed through the common machine or die in the usual manner, and
having stood the requisite time to become stiff enough, according to
the old method, to be finished, is then to be placed in the cylindrical
case or jacket shewn in the accompanying Drawing, and suiting the
size of the pipe intended to be produced, the same being securely
fastened by the fastener c, shewn in the Drawing, and placed vertically
in the centre of the frame or machine immediately under the plunger
or core. This core or plunger, by a powerful screw or hydraulic
press, is then driven down perpendicularly and concentrically into the
cylinder or jacket, whereby the newly formed pipe is thus placed in the
annular space which would otherwise exist between the circumference
or surface of the "core" and the inner surface of the "jacket." If
then, as it is intended to do, the clay and material of the pipe be more
than will fill this space, that is, if the pipe be made a little thicker
than this annular space will contain, it will be subject to immense
pressure, and the superfluous material will be urged or squeezed out at
the top, thereby forming material sufficient to produce the socket, and
which socket is then formed by the enlarged portion of the core at top
coming into the enlarged part of the "jacket," as at B, B, in the
Drawing, and any superfluous material is then removed by the work-
man by a wire in the usual manner, or otherwise. The "jacket" is
then opened by the removal of the fastenings, and the finished pipe re-
moved ready for and to the kiln in an advantageous state of dryness and

page_text: solidity, due to and in proportion with the great compression to which
it has been subjected.
CLAIMS.
The use of a "jacket" or cylindrical case for the enclosing the
5 newly formed pipe, as described; also the use and the mode of urging
into the same a "core" or plunger, as and for the purpose described.