Improvements in Springs Specially Applicable to Carriages, Railway: Trucks, and other similar Vehicles
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 29th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 31st May, 1890-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Springs Specially Applicable to Carriages, Railway:
Trucks, and other similar Vehicles.
We, JOB GILLIGAN, Forge Manager, and ARTHUR TILNEY, Timber Merchant and
Saw Mill Proprietor, both of Abertillery, in the County of Monmouth, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention for improvements in springs specially applicable to carriages railway
trucks, and other similar vehicles has for its object to construct a spring of such
section that its strength shall be greatly increased and its weight reduced without
impairing its flexibility and consists in forming the springs from corrugated, ribbed,
channelled, T, H, or oval shaped pieces of steel the corrugations, channels or other
hollows and ribs running in the direction of the length of the spring. The springs
may be made of one or more leaves all of similar section or of different sections, the
different leaves being fitted one inside the other. The ribs and corrugations on the
springs give them increased strength without impairing their flexibility.
Dated this 26th day of July 1889.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
156, Strand, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Springs Specially Applicable to Carriages, Railway
Trucks, and other similar Vehicles.
We, JOB GILLIGAN, Forge Manager and ARTHUR TILNEY, Timber Merchant and
Saw Mill Proprietor, both of Abertillery in the County of Monmouth do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be.
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by. the following,
statement:
The main object of our invention is to produce powerful and durable springs with
the least possible weight of metal, in such manner that the springs may be applied to
bearings or axles, and the characteristic feature of our invention consists in the use of
corrugated, ridged or channelled steel for this purpose.
The corrugations channels or ridges may be of varying configuration, but always in
the direction of the length of the metal strip or ribbon forming the spring. Where
the absolute minimum of weight is desired with the maximum of spring supporting
power, we arrange our springs, as required for light carriages or other vehicles singly
without a number of separate springs placed together to form laminations; but where
a certain amount of damping power is desired to absorb vibration, we so shape our
corrugations or ridges, that one spring can fit over another and so form laminations.
This mode produces a spring not so light for the power or resistance as single springs,
but still having the advantage of checking free vibration.
In order that our invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
effect we append hereunto a sheet of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter
referred to.
Figure 1 shows a corrugated section of a carriage spring figure 2, which may be
arranged with a uniformly worked corrugated section throughout the whole length of
the spring, or the corrugations may be graduated, so as to reduce towards the ends of
the spring, and disappear, leaving a flat end suitable for forming into an eye.
This is shown by the line A. B. figure 2, which meets the section of the metal Cat
the ends, the corrugation gradually lessening until it disappears. The spring may

page_text: be practically straight as in Figure 3, in which the corrugations at the respective
positions in the length are shown by the three sections D, E, F.
Figure 4 shows a bearing or axle spring uniformly corrugated, while sections G. H. I.
show that the corrugation is of uniform depth throughout. These bearings or axle
springs are applied to carriages, railway trucks or similar vehicles in any well known
_manner, which is well-understood-among-engineers-and-manufacturers-of-such
vehicles so that it is unnecessary for us to illustrate particularly the precise mode of
connecting them to the bearings or axles. We may use channel or ridge sections
such as Figures a, b, and c for such springs, but when doing so we avoid the use of
uniformly deep ridges or channels, and taper or graduate the edges of the_ridges or
channels into the flat portion of the section as shown in Figure 2 at A, B. These
ridges or ribs may project on both sides of the flat section as if the ridges or ribs
seen in Figures a, b & c projected downwards as well as upwards and the graduated
section may be of T, H or cruciform section, which latter is shown at spring
Figure 5. The graduation is shown by the sections K, L, M, showing the reduction
towards the ends.
In the case of corrugated springs as in Figure 6 one spring may be laid on another
to form a corrugated laminated spring, this is shown in section at N. Channel
springs may also be laminated as shown at Figure 7, and the corresponding
section O.
By the use of springs constructed with any of the sections we have described, we
obtain results as regards lightness, strength and durability far superior to any hitherto
attained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
I. In carriages or railway springs the use of lengthwise corrugations to obtain
maximum strength with minimum weight, substantially as described and illustrated
herein.
II.. In carriage or railway springs the use of lengthwise corrugations, the springs
laid one on the other to produce laminated corrugated springs substantially as herein-
before described.
III. In carriage or railway springs the use of lengthwise corrugations graduated to
reduce towards the ends as described herein.
IV. In carriage or railway springs the use of channel, rib, ridge or H section with
the ribs, ridges or projections graduated to reduce towards the ends, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
. Dated this 26th day of April 1890.
MA172 0
זהז NT
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for Applicants.