IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PACKING AND PRESSING BLACKLEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Burgess Pilliner, of Southwark, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PACKING AND PRESSING BLACKLEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS."
Sealed the 10th August 1866, and dated the 14th February 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Burgess Pilliner
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th February 1866.
I, RICHARD BURGESS PILLINER, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY. FOR PACKING AND PRESSING BLACKLEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction of machinery for packing and
pressing blacklead and other materials as hereafter described. A sheet of
paper for forming a packet is placed in a holder which conveys it to one side
of a funnel where a spring clip attached to the funnel holds it at the top;
the paper is also kept close up to the funnel by a flexible holder. The funnel
is then made to turn, whereby the paper is wound round it, but sufficient
breadth of paper for folding must be left below the bottom of the funnel. Four
or other convenient number of irons or folding plungers are then caused to:
slide along and fold the paper at the bottom of the funnel, at the same time

page_text: folding the unfolded top of the previous packet; the last of these folding
irons holds the paper for a time. Simultaneously with this movement a solid
press block or horizontal plunger is withdrawn from under the packet or
mould box hereafter referred to. The funnel and paper are then caused to
descend into a box of the size of the packet to be formed, and in so doing
push the packet previously formed down before them. Inside the funnel is
a plunger, which being made to descend with the funnel also assists in pushing
down the previous packet. This plunger is then made to ascend, and a
feed slide connected with a hopper, as described in the Specification of my
former Patent, No. 2698, dated 3rd November 1860, is made to traverse along
and to discharge its contents into the funnel. Simultaneously the
Simultaneously the press block
before named is made to travel under the bottom of the mould or packet box
pushing the packet previously made before it into a delivery shoot. After
the feed slide has completed its operation the plunger again descends into
the funnel and thereby compresses the material to the required size; it
retains the packet in the packet box while the funnel is caused to be with-
drawn from between the material and the paper. Another sheet of paper is
then fed to the holder first named, which conveys it to the funnel, and so on.
When the press block is withdrawn from below the packet box, as before
explained a rod or lever moves under the packet and keeps the folds closed
until the packet is pushed out of the box. I also employ knockers for
imparting blows to the feed slide and funnel to prevent any portion of the
blacklead or other material adhering thereto. The various motions before
described are produced by cams on a revolving horizontal shaft or in other
convenient manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Burgess Pilliner in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th August 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; I, RICHARD
BURGESS PILLINER, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS, Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of. Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Burgess Pilliner, Her special licence that I, the said Richard

page_text: Burgess Pilliner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Richard Burgess Pilliner, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times,
thereafter during the term therein expressed should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,:
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
MACHINERY FOR PACKING AND PRESSING BLACKLEAD AND OTHER MATERIALS," apon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard Burgess Pilliner, my.
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Burgess Pilliner, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the..
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in the construction of machinery for packing and
pressing blacklead and other materials as hereafter described. A sheet of
paper, for forming a packet is placed in a holder, which conveys it to one side
of a funnel, where a spring clip attached to the funnel holds it at the top; the
paper is also kept close up to the funnel by a flexible holder. The funnel is
then made to turn, whereby the paper is wound round it, but sufficient breadth
Four or
of paper for folding must be left below the bottom of the funnel.
other convenient number of irons or folding plungers are then caused to slide
along and fold the paper at the bottom of the funnel (at the same time folding
the unfolded top of the previous packet). The last of these folding irons
holds the paper for a time. Immediately after this movement a solid press
block or horizontal plunger is withdrawn from under the packet or mould box
hereafter referred to. The funnel and paper are then caused to descend into
a box of the size of the packet to be formed, and in so doing push the packet
previously formed down before them; inside the funnel is a plunger, which
being made to descend with the funnel also assists in pushing down the pre-
vious packet. This plunger is then made to ascend, and a feed slide
connected with a hopper as described in the Specification of my former
Patent, No. 2698, dated 3rd, November 1860, is made to traverse along and
to discharge its contents into the funnel. Simultaneously the press block

page_text: before named is made to travel under the bottom of the mould or packet box,
pushing the packet previously made before it into a delivery shoot; after the
feed slide has completed its operation the plunger again descends into the
funnel, and thereby compresses the material to the required size; it retains
the packet in the packet box while the funnel is caused to be withdrawn from
between the material and the paper. Another sheet of paper is then fed to
the holder first named, which conveys it to the funnel, and so on.
When the
press block is withdrawn from below the packet box, as before explained, a
rod or lever moves under the packet and keeps the folds closed until the
packet is pushed out of the box. I also employ knockers for imparting blows
to the feed slide and funnel to prevent any portion of the blacklead or other
material adhering thereto. The various motions before described are produced
by cams on a revolving horizontal shaft or in other convenient manner.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a front elevation, Figure 2 a
side elevation, and Figure 3 a back elevation of a machine constructed
according to my Invention; Figure 4 is an elevation of a portion of the
opposite side.
Upon a bed or foundation plate A I mount uprights B, B, carrying the
main shaft C, and various working parts of the machine as shown. Upon the
shaft C is mounted a cam wheel D (shewn separately in back view in
Figure 5,) in a cam groove E, in the back of which a pin F on one end of a
lever G travels; the other end of this lever has secured to it a holder H, into
which the paper for forming a packet is placed; I is a funnel connected to
the lower end of an upright J, which is free to slide up and down in guide
collars K, the sliding movement being produced by a pin L travelling in a
cam groove M in the back of the cam wheel D; the upright J is counter-
balanced by a weight J'; O is a spring clip attached to the funnel I.; this clip
has a projecting arm I acted upon by a lever Q worked by a projection N on
the face of the wheel D; R is a flexible holder carried by a sliding bar R',
as hereafter described. This holder is shown separately in Figure 6, it
consists of two metal plates r kept at the required distance by stays r¹; the
plates rare formed with slots to receive smaller plates ³, which are formed
with end pieces of curved form; the plates are kept in their places by
springs pressing at back, so that when the flexible holder is pressed hard
against the paper round the funnel the plates are pushed back and the
springs keep them hard against the paper. This holder is carried on a
joint, which leaves it free to turn in any direction; is a counterweight to
keep this holder from overbalancing. The holder is caused to recede from the
funnel while the paper is fed to the clip by the lever o¹ being struck by the

page_text: projecting plate o³ on the wheel D. The upper end of the funnel is con-
nected to a collar S in the fore part of the upright J, and formed with teeth
or projections which come in contact at the proper time with corresponding
teeth or projections T on the face of the wheel D, so that the funnel is made
to turn; U, U, U, U', are four folding irons carried by a horizontal frame V,
which receives a sliding motion by means of a cam groove W (shewn in dotted
lines) on a drum X mounted upon the shaft C; this sliding motion of
the frame V gives the proper movements to the folling irons as hereafter
explained. Y is a press block on the end of a horizontal bar Z, which
receives sliding forward motion from the feed slide a striking an upright b on
the bar Z, and backward motion from the frame V. The block Y works in
a guide in the portion c of the mould box d, which guide forms a delivery
shoot. Below the block Y is a rod or lever e pivoted to a bracket f, and
weighted at the back end as shown, so that the front end is kept up except
when forced down by a projection 9 on the bar Z coming against a projection
h on the bar e. The front end of the rode is bent up at i, and when this.
block Y is moved back forms a support for the packet previously formed; ; is
a plunger in the funnel I, and of corresponding shape; the lower portion of
the plunger is shewn separately on a larger scale in Figure 7, its upper part is
connected to a cross head k, and its lower end receives rotary motion at the
same time as the funnel. The plunger ; is worked by the cam groove j¹ and
pin. The feed slide a is moved to and fro by a pin m on the slide and a
cam groove n on the drum X. o is a hopper above the feed slide a, into
which the material to be packed is placed; the feed slide feeds the material
from the hopper into the funnel in the manner described in the Specification
of my former Patent before mentioned. q, q, are knockers for imparting.
blows to the feed slide a and funnel I to prevent any portion of the blacklead
or other material adhering thereto. These knockers are carried by rods p, p,
the upper ends of which are struck at the proper times by teeth or projec-
tions s on the cam wheel D. The material in the hopper O is kept agitated
by arms of a vertical shaft t driven by gearing u from the shaft C. The
shaft C derives its motion from a worm wheel v and a worm won the shaft
of a driving pulley or rigger x.
The movements of the folding irons will be understood from the detailed
views, Figures 8 and 9; Figure 8 being a plan of the front end of the sliding
frame V, and Figure 9 a similar view with all the folding irons connected
thereto; y, y, are slots cut in templates fitted into the end of the frame V,
and of such form as to give the folding irons U, U¹, for folding the two slide
flaps of the packet the proper movements; U2, U³, are the folding irons for

page_text: the front and back flaps; z is a projection on the folding iron U. This pro-
jection has a plate a hinged to it, so that when the third flap has been folded.
one end of the plate a¹ comes against an adjustable block 6 on the frame V,,
the other end of the plate is so shaped that it comes in contact with another.
hinged plate cand forces it against the flap last folded so as to nip the
paper and then retire as the fourth folder Us comes into operation. The
folder Us forms one of a pair of jaws; and is kept extended by a spring, except
when acted upon by the downward motion of the funnel.
The working of the machine is as follows:-The sheet of paper for forming
a packet is fed edgewise into the holder H, and this holder is then caused to
I move by the action of the cam groove E and lever G to the side of the funnel
to which it conveys the paper, and the spring clip O receives the paper and
holds it at the top of the funnel. The holder H then retires to receive the
following sheet of paper for the following packet. The funnel I is next made
to turn by the teeth or projections T on the wheel D coming against the pro-
jections on the collar S, whereby the paper is wound round the funnel, but,
sufficient breadth of paper for folding is left below the bottom of the funnel..
While the funnel is turning the flexible holder R bears against the paper,
keeps it close up to the funnel, and prevents bagging or puckering. The
plunger is at this time at the bottom of the funnel I, so as to form a block
for the bottom flaps of the paper to be folded against.. The folding irons now
come into action as follows:-The frame V receives its sliding movement as
before explained, so that the folding iron U is caused to fold the front or first
flap, then the two irons U, U', are caused by the slots y to fold the two side
flaps, and lastly, as the frame V moves back the iron Us folds the other end
or back flap, as before explained. (While these folding irons are folding the
bottom flaps of this sheet of paper they at the same time fold the top flaps of
the packet previously filled.) Immediately after the flaps have been folded.
the press block Y is withdrawn, as before explained, from under the mould
box d. The funnel I with the paper closed at bottom is then caused to
descend into the mould box, together with the plunger j, and in so doing they
push the packet previously formed down before them. While they are
descending the frame V is stationary at first, and then moves again to the
front to release the jaws. Next the plunger j is caused to ascend, and the
feed slide traverses along and discharges its contents into the funnel I, and
the knockers q, q, strike the feed slide and the funnel I. Simultaneously the
press block Y is made to travel under the mould box, pushing the packet
previously formed into the delivery shoot. After the feed has been performed
the plunger j descends into the funnel I and compresses the material therein,

page_text: and it retains the packet thus formed in the mould box while the funnel is
withdrawn from between the material and the paper. The upper flaps of the
packet are folded over by the folding irons at the same time as the bottom.
flaps of the following sheet of paper are folded. When the press block Y is
withdrawn from below the mould box, as before explained, the lever e is
caused by the action of its weight to move under the packet and keep the
bottom folds or flaps closed until the packet is pushed out of the box.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the combination
or arrangement of parts of machinery acting substantially as berein-before
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings for packing and
pressing black lead and other materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Burgess Pilliner, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-six.
R. B. PILLINER. (L.B.)
R. B. PILLINER. (L.B.)