CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR MODE OF MAKING PIPES AND TUBES OF PORCELAIN, CLAY, OR OTHER DUCTILE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1817

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
Busk, of Ponsbourn Park, in the County of Herts, Esquire, and ROBERT
HARVEY, of Epping, in the County of Essex, Victualler, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing dato at Westminster, the Fifth day of December,
in the fifty-eighth year of His reign, give and grant unto us, the said William
Busk and Robert Harvey, our exors, adññiors, and assigns, His especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said William Busk and
Robert Harvey, our exors, admors, and assigns, during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR MODE OF MAKING PIPES AND TUBES OF
PORCELAIN, CLAY, OR OTHER DUCTILE SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent
there is contained a proviso that if we, the said William Busk and Robert
Harvey, or one of us, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by
an instrument in writing under our hand and seal, or under the hand seal
of one of us, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent should be void, as in and by
the same (relation being thereunto had), may more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
William Busk and Robert Harvey, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and in the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
particularly described and ascertained as follows (that is to say) :-
-
Our Improvements in the Means or Method of making Pipes or Tubes of
Porcelain, Clay, or other Ductile Substances, consist of and are affected by
apparatus by which the pipes or tubes are made or formed in entire cylinders,
or such other entire shape may be derived at once; and the apparatus consists
of a cylinderical or other conveniently shaped box or vessel wherein to put the
material whereof the pipes or tubes are to be prepared, and which may be
fixed or placed upon any convenient frame or carriage, and a piston or follower
adapted or fitted to the inside of such cylinder or vessel. The cylinder is open
at the end so as to receive the material for use and admit the piston, and close
at the other, except an opening of about the size and form of the pipe or tube
purposed to be made; to this opening is applied and fixed, by screw or any
other convenient mode, one end of a pipe or tube (of about the same size
or bore as the opening) which we call a neck. Upon the further end of
this pipe, tube, or neck, we fit a second pipe or tube, which we term a
cap. This cap is made to fasten on the outside of the former pipe or tube
by means of a bayonet ketch, or by some other means, so as to admit of
its being readily removed and replaced. Across the inside of the cap, and
nearly home to the part which comes in contact with the first pipe, tube, or
neck, we place a narrow bar a, Fig. 4, into which we fix a small bar or
rod bat right angles thereto, which extends along the middle to nearly the
opposite end of the cap, and upon the end of this rod or bar, but within the cap,
we fix a core or button c of the 'size and form desired for the internal orifice
of the proposed new porcelain or other pipe, placing such core or button so as
not to touch the side of the cap anywhere, but to come flush with the end of
the cap. Fig. 1 shews the external appearance of the cylinder or vessel into
which the clay or other material is put. A, the pipe, tube, or neck fixed thereto :
this tube may be straight or bent; we in general use it bent for the purpose of
giving a convenient direction to the new pipes; it may be made to take off
and change as convenience shall require. Fig. 2 represents the external
appearance of the cap detached; Fig. 3, end views of the same, shewing the core
or button with the cross bar bearing the rod that supports the core or button.
Fig. 4, a section of the cylinder, neck, pipe, and cap, with the bar a, the rod b,
and the button (c); the shape and dimensions of all these different parts of the
apparatus may be varied at pleasure, according to the form and size of
the pipes required to be made. They may be inade of metal or wood, or

page_text: any
other material of sufficient strength as may be most agreeable. The clay
or other material to be used for making the new pipes, being put into the
cylinder, the piston or follower is then forced into the cylinder or press by hand
or any other ordinary mode of pressure of sufficient force; the clay or other mate-
rial is thus become compressed, and is by degrees forced out of the cylinder into
the neck, and from thence into the cap, where, passing the bar which is placed
across the cap, it comes to the core or button at the outer orifice, and there
passing in a continued substance and course round the core, it comes forth an
entire pipe at the ultimate orifice of the cap of the external size and form of
such orifice, and of the internal size and form of the core or button. It is
obvious that the construction of the porcelain or other new pipes depend prin-
cipally upon the placing of the core or button; but we do not mean to confine
ourselves strictly to the placing it as above described, but any situation where
a similar core or button is adopted in a neck or cap for the like purpose, with
the application of pressure as above, we shall consider an infringement of our
Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Busk, have hereunto set my
hand and sonl the Fourth day of June One thousand eight hundred