IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DECORTICATING OR SCOURING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Henry Channing Martin of "The Drive,"
Walthamstow in the County of Essex for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DECORTICATING OR SCOURING RICE AND
OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Henry Channing
Martin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th November>
1882.
JAMES HENRY CHANNING MARTIN of "The Drive" Walthamstow in the
County of Essex "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DECORTI-
CATING OR SCOURING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS
"
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or apparatus for
decorticating or scouring rice and other grain and seeds.
:
For this purpose I employ a drum or cylinder formed with a bottom of the:
shape of an inverted cone and provided with a keen cutting or scouring surface.
This drum or cylinder is mounted on a vertical shaft or spindle and revolves
within a cover or case of form corresponding with that of the drum or cylinder.
The distance between the surface of the revolving drum or cylinder and the .
inner surface of the case or cover must be adjusted so as properly to effect the
scouring and at the same time to retain a sufficient quantity of grain between the
surfaces to give a natural elasticity without the employment of any artificial means
such as india rubber or other yielding material for effecting that object.
The quantity of grain passed through the machine, and the amount of scouring
given thereto is regulated by a slide or valve placed in the delivery passage leading
froin the lower part of the case or cover and which is operated automatically at
intervals to open sufficiently wide to allow of the passage of any obstruction to a
regular or free delivery.
The cylindrical portion of the case or frame, I form separate from the top and
bottom thereof and with capability of revolving slowly preferably in. a. contrary
.
•
.

page_text: direction to that of the drum or cylinder and I apply to such cylindrical portion
of the case or cover one or more arms or scrapers which turn within the case or
cover and turn over and assist the delivery of the contents.
The machine is kept practically full by the employment of a large feed or inlet
pipe.
By these means I am enabled to produce a very regular sample of grain well
decorticated and with a minimum of fracture and waste, suitable alike to the
hardest toughest and tenderest grains.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Henry Channing Martin in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 7th May 1883.
JAMES HENRY-CHANNING MARTIN of "The Drive "-Walthamstow in the
-County-of-Essex. "IMPROVEMENTS_IN_MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DECORTI-
CATING OR SCOURING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or apparatus for
decorticating or scouring rice and other grain and seeds.
For this purpose I employ a drum or cylinder formed with a bottom of the shape
of an inverted cone and provided with a keen cutting or scouring surface.
This drum or cylinder is mounted on a vertical shaft or spindle and revolves
within a cover or case of form corresponding with that of the drum or cylinder.
The distance between the surface of the revolving drum or cylinder and the
inner surface of the case or cover must be adjusted so as properly to effect the
scouring and at the same time to retain a sufficient quantity of grain between
the surfaces to give a natural elasticity without the employment of any
artificial means such as india rubber or other yielding material for effecting that
object.
The quantity of grain passed through the machine and the amount of scouring
given thereto is regulated by a slide or valve placed in the delivery passage leading
from the lower part of the case or cover and which is operated automatically at
intervals to open sufficiently wide to allow of the passage of any obstruction to a
regular or free delivery.
The cylindrical portion of the case or cover I form separate from the top and
bottom thereof and with capability of revolving slowly and I apply to such
cylindrical portion of the case or cover one or more arms or scrapers which turn
within the case or cover and turn over and assist the delivery of the contents.
The machine is kept practically full by the employment of a large feed or inlet
pipe.
By these means I am enabled to produce a very regular sample of grain well
decorticated and with a minimum of fracture and waste suitable alike to the
hardest toughest and tenderest grains,

page_text: And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying Drawings more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figuro 1 is a vertical section, Figure 2 is an elevation Figure 3 is a plan or
top view and Figure 4 is an underside view of machinery or apparatus
constructed according to my Invention for decorticating or scouring rice and other
grain and seeds.
In all the Figures like parts are marked with similar letters of reference.
a, is a drum or cylinder formed with a bottom a' of the shape of an inverted cone
and provided with a keen cutting or scouring surface.
This drum or cylinder a is rigidly fixed on a vertical shaft or spindle 6 and
revolves therewith within a cover or case c. c¹. c², of form corresponding with that
of the drum or cylinder a. a. The distance between the surface of the revolving
drum or cylinder a. a. and the inner surface of the case or cover must be adjusted
so as properly to effect the scouring and at the same time to retain a sufficient
quantity of grain between the surfaces to give a natural elasticity without the
employment of any artificial means such as india rubber or other yielding material
or apparatus for effecting that object.
The cylindrical portion c, of the case or cover I form separate from the top c',
and bottom c, thereof and with capability of revolving slowly and I apply to such
cylindrical portion c. of the case or cover one or more arms
or scrapers c³
which turn within the case or cover and turn over and assist the delivery of the
contents.
The quantity of grain passed through the machine, and the amount of scouring
given thereto is regulated by a slide or valve d placed in the delivery passage c
leading from the lower part of the case or cover and which is operated auto-
matically at intervals to open sufficiently wide to allow of the passage of any
obstruction to a regular or free delivery.
The case or cover c, c³, c², is supported on end standards e, e. tied together by
transverse rods or bars f. f. Motion is communicated to the various parts of the
machine in the following manner.
The driving shaft g receives motion by a strap or band, from a steam engine or
other motive power passing around the drum or pulley g¹. On this shaft g is
fixed a bevel wheel g, which gears with the bevel wheel bi fixed on the vertical
shaft b and thereby communicates rotary motion to such shaft band consequently to
the drum or cylinder a. fixed thereon. On the shaft 7 is also formed or fixed a worm
or screw g³. which by gearing into the worm wheel '. communicates a slow rotary
motion to the vertical shaft or axis h and this latter by a toothed wheel h³, fixed
thereon and gearing into the toothed ring c communicates a slow rotary motion to
the cylindrical portion c. of the case or cover in the reverse direction to that of the
drum or cylinder a. At the lower end of the vertical shaft or axis h. is fixed a
crank disc ³, provided with an adjustable crank pin which by a rod h
communicates motion to the slide or valve d.
The machine is kept practically full by the employment of a large feed or inlet
pipe.
By these means I am enabled to produce a very regular sample of grain well
decorticated and with a minimum of fracture and waste suitable alike to the
hardest toughest and tenderest grains.
It will be readily understood that other modes of communicating motion to the
machine and to the various parts thereof may be adopted and that the direction of
rotation of the case or cover may be varied without departing from the peculiar
character of my Invention.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode in which
I carry the same into effect I would have it understood that what I claim is :-
First. The drum or cylinder a with its conical bottom a' revolving within a case

page_text: or cover c. c¹. c², of similar form the top and bottom of which are fixed whilst the
cylindrical part c thereof is slowly rotated substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
Second. The combination of rotating drum or cylinder a. a case or cover
c. c, c², the cylindrical portion c, of which rotales scrapers c³ and slide or valve d
arranged and operated substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
In Witness whereof I the said James Henry Channing Martin have hereunto
set my hand and scal this First day of May in the year of Our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.