IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING OR TWISTING TOBACCO
Year: 1885

page_text: We, JOSEPH GARSIDE of Bankhall Street, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster,
and FREDERICK EVANS of 26 Holly Road, Seaforth also in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING OR TWISTING TOBACCO," to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to that class of machines in which tobacco is twisted, the
cover or outer leaf being applied by means of a pair of rollers set at an angle
the one to the other, and the twist given to it by a revolving frame carrying a reel
on which the finished tobacco is wound.
The object is to provide a machine for spinning or twisting tobacco in which a
twist of a greater or less given thickness may be produced.
In carrying out the invention we gear the covering or wrapper rollers so that
their speed and the angle at which they are placed, the one to the other, may be
easily and readily altered. The rollers are each carried in a frame swivelling on a
fixed pivot so that they may be moved about it as a centre to any position from
parallel to right angles or nearly so. Each frame however to prevent too great a
movement and to hold it in position when set, carries a stud or bolt moving in a
slot in which it can be secured or tightened. The bottom roller carries on its end
a bevelled or mitre wheel gearing into a similar wheel carried on a short shaft
revolving in a socket in the end of the swivelling frame, on the other end of this
shaft is a pinion which gears into another pinion preferably of larger size, about
the centre of which it revolves as the bracket is moved on its pivot, this pinion in
turn, by means of bevelled gearing, communicates with a train of wheels which
conveys motion from the revolving reel. In this train of wheels is placed preferably
a double carrier bracket, by means of which change wheels can be introduced to
increase or reduce the speed at which the rollers are driven. The top roller is
similarly driven, but has in addition two pinions interposed between it and the
bevelled wheels which in the case of the bottom roller last conveyed the motion to
it. This is to allow of the top roller being raised or lowered to adjust the distance
between the two rollers. The frame is made double or in two parts, the bottom
part swivelling horizontally round the fixed centre, and the top portion is pivoted
on stands or pillars carried thereon, and moving thereon allows the roller to rise or
fall as required. A small screw or similar device retains the bracket in position
when set and prevents the rollers coming too close together.
WM P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Spinning or Twisting Tobacco.
We, JOSEPH GARSIDE of Bankhall Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
and FREDERICK EVANS, of 26 Holly Grove, Seaforth, also in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to that class of machines in which tobacco is twisted, the
_cover or outer leaf being applied by means of a pair of rollers set at an angle
the one to the other, and the twist given to it by a revolving frame carrying a reel
on which the finished tobacco is wound.
The object is to provide a machine for spinning or twisting tobacco in which a
twist tobacco of a greater or less given thickness may be produced.
The invention will be best described by aid of the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is an elevation.
Figure 2 plan.
Figure 3 sectional elevation on line x―y.
Figure 4 enlarged sectional elevation showing covering or wrapping rollers.
Figure 5, plan of same.
Figure 6, enlarged sectional elevation similar to Figure 3.
In these A is the framework of the machine-B a table on which are supported
the covering or wrapping rollers C, D. The rollers C, D, are each carried in a
frame swivelling on a fixed pivot so that they may be moved about it as a centre,
until the rollers assume any position from parallel to right angles or nearly so.
The frame E supports the bottom roller D, it is pivoted at e about which point it is
free to move.
The spindle d of the roller is journalled in the bearings F which are
cast or bolted to the pivoted frame. These bearings are preferably so placed that
the axis of the roller shall be in the same vertical plane as the axis of the pivot
upon which the frame E turns. The roller D receives motion through the mitre or
bevel wheel d¹ on the end of the spindle d. The frame G supports the top roller C,
which is pivoted at and moves about the same centre as the frame E which carries
the bottom roller. The spindle c of the roller is carried in bearings H forming part
of a second frame I pivoted to the frame G by a spindle passing through the
bearings i. The frame of the top roller C being thus pivoted and arranged
the roller is free to rise and fall, to adjust itself to the size of twist tobacco under
operation, and to any irregularities in the thickness of the tobacco as it passes
between the rollers. J is a counterweight or spring arm j, or a spring may be used
instead, and K a regulating screw to prevent the top roller approaching too close to
the bottom one.
Motion is conveyed to the roller C through the bevel wheel L
and pinions 1, 1. The bevel wheel L and pinion are in one, or keyed together,
and revolve loosely on the spindle of the frame I revolving about the same centre,
so that the pinion always remains in gear as the roller rises and falls. The top
roller C may be carried in its frame by means of bearing at one end only, and so
dispense with the bearing at the other or outside end, if found more convenient for
the operator. The frames E and G are secured in their position when set by means

page_text: of bolts or studs M M passing through a slot or slots m in the table B. The
length of the slots m regulate the distances the frames may be swivelled to alter
the angle or position of the rollers. N N' are vertical shafts carried in upright
bearings in the frames E and G, at the upper end they carry bevel wheels n n¹
gearing with the wheels d', L, at the other end they carry pinions o, o¹ which gear
with the toothed wheel O. The toothed wheel O and bevel wheel O' are in one, or
keyed together. They revolve about the same vertical centre as the frames E
and G, so that the wheels o and o¹ remain in gear with O irrespective of any
motion of the frames. Motion is conveyed through the bevel wheel Oll from the
revolving frame R through the train of wheels, preferably arranged as shown; p is
a change wheel on the same spindle as O₁ a larger or smaller wheel may be
employed as required to reduce or increase the speed of the rollers. The other
parts of the machine are such as are at present in use, and will not require much
description. R is the revolving frame which carries the reel S. The machine is
driven by belt on the cone pulley T. The pulley T revolves loosely on the end of
shaft and engages with a friction clutch R¹ keyed to same shaft, the clutch R¹ is
thrown in and out of gear by means of lever U controlled by the pedal u, the
reel S receives motion from the revolving frame R through the shaft s as shown.
V is a coiler driven by a cord or belt from the end of the spindle of the reel S.
The tobacco to be twisted or spun is passed between the rollers C, D, where it is
covered or lapped then through the hollow spindle of the revolving frame from
which it receives the required twist, and is wound or coiled up on the reel S.
A machine constructed as herein before described may be utilised for spinning
tobacco of a variety of sizes, by changing the speed and the position of the rollers,
which can be easily and expeditiously effected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be
understood that we are well aware that machines are in use for spinning and
twisting tobacco, and coiling it upon reels, and that we do not claim broadly the
use of covering or wrapping rollers crossing one another at an angle, but that what
we claim is:-
1. A machine for twisting or spinning tobacco, having the wrapping or covering
rollers carried in movable frames, so that the angle at which their axes cross one
another may be altered as required.
2. A frame for carrying the top, or one of the rollers of a machine for twisting
or spinning tobacco, consisting of a bracket pivoted to the table with a movement
about a vertical axis, with or without a second bracket having a movement about a
horizontal axis, or in a plane at right angles to the axis of the first, substantially as
described.
3. A machine for twisting or spinning tobacco, constructed and arranged sub-
stantially as and for the purposes described.