Improvements in Apparatus for Extracting the Essential Matters contained in Aromatic Plants, and analogous purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 14th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
Improvements in Apparatus for Extracting the Essential Matters
contained in Aromatic Plants, and analogous purposes.
I, MARIUS OTTO, of 18, Avenue de Neuilly, Neuilly (Seine), France, Docteur-
es-sciences, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an apparatus or to a combination of several apparatus
for extracting in a systematic and continuous manner, by means of suitable
solvents, the essential matters, which may be solid, liquid, or of an intermediate
nature, contained in aromatic plants, in the cakes resulting from the pressing
of olives, etc.
The general arrangement of apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings
comprises essentially three receptacles B, A, and C with which are respectively
connected cooling worms S1, S2, and S³ contained in a single vessel D, and a
pump P. The three receptacles B, A, and C are connected together and to the
pump by suitably arranged piping T¹, T³,
T. The receptacle A receives
the dissolving liquid intended for exhausting the materials which are placed in
one or more metallic baskets E arranged in the receptacle B.
In the drawing, there is shown only one basket E having numerous holes made
through its sides.
A central cavity formed in this basket enables a screw or helix H to cause a
constant circulation of the dissolving liquid in which the substances to be exhausted
are completely immersed and which flows back along the walls of the receptacle B
after having passed through the said materials. In the goose neck that connects
the worm S with the vessel B there is placed a cock R³; and at the bottom of
the vessel B there is arranged a steam-worm S.
The vessel C, connected by a swan's neck to the cooling worm S³, is intended
to receive the liquids resulting from the exhaustion. It is provided with a double
bottom for steam circulation. By distillation the solvent is returned into the
worm S3, and the dissolved residue is collected by means of a cock r arranged at
the lower part of the vessel.
At starting, the vessel A being full of a suitable liquid, such as water, carbon
bisulphide, alcohol, ether, petroleum, benzine, or toluene, and the material to be
exhausted having been placed in the basket E of the vessel B, the cover of which
has been momentarily raised for the purpose of said charging, the pipes T¹ and T³
are put into communication with each other by means of the three-way cock R¹,
and the pipes T and T5 are caused to communicate with each other by means of
the three-way cock R2. It is then sufficient to operate the pump in order to cause
the liquid in the vessel A to pass into the vessel B. If the cocks R¹ and R2 be
then closed, and if, by simply shifting the belt, the pump be thrown out of action,
and the shaft a and the gearing e e¹ driving the helix H be thrown into action,
the exhaustion will commence. By means of the steam circulation S the dis-
solving liquid is heated to the desired temperature, and if it is required to exhaust

page_text: under pressure, it is sufficient to close the cock R³. The first exhaustion having
being completed, the cocks R' and Rª are operated so as to connect the pipes T³ and T³,
and the pipes T and T6 respectively. If now the pump P be operated anew, the
liquid resulting from the exhaustion, passes successively through 13 and T³, and
is forced through the passages T and T into the vessel C. It is distilled therein,
and the pure solvent passes through the worm S into the vessel A, and the pro-
ducts of the exhaustion remain in the vessel C, whence they are easily collected.
Small glass cylinders V₁ and Va arranged in the discharge-pipes of the worms S¹
and S3 allow the process of the distillation to be followed.
The subsequent exhaustions will be effected by executing anew the series of
manipulations and operations which I have just described.
At the end of the last operation, by heating the exhausted materials, the whole
of the liquid with which they may be impregnated may be expelled. This liquid
is distilled in the worm S₁ and is collected in the vessel A. Communication
between the latter and the atmosphere is made by means of a worm S2, which
avoids all loss of solvent.
Instead of a pump, compressed air may be employed for the circulation of the
liquids.
As the apparatus arranged as above described is practically entirely closed, the
loss of solvent is reduced to a minimum. This feature is especially important
when very volatile solvents are employed.
-
My apparatus allows of the use of liquid solvents that have a very low. boiling
point, such as methyl chloride (whose boiling point is 23°. 7) and ethyl chloride
(whose boiling point is + 120.5). The use of a pump is then unnecessary, and
the pressure in each vessel at the normal temperature is sufficient to effect the
transference of the liquids. In this case the worms are replaced by suction and
delivery pumps which draw the chloride from the vessels B and C and deliver
it into the vessel A. Solvents having very low boiling-points are particularly
suitable for the manufacture of wax perfumed by the direct exhaustion of flowers.
Dated this 12th day of June 1897.
Improvements in Apparatus for Extracting the Essential Matters
contained in Aromatic Plants, and analogous purposes.
I, MARIUS OTTO, of 18, Avenue de Neuilly, Neuilly (Seine), France, Docteur-
es-sciences, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:
This invention relates to an apparatus or to a combination of several apparatus
for extracting in a systematic and continuous manner, by means of suitable
solvents, the essential matters, which may be solid, liquid, or of an intermediate
nature, contained in aromatic plants, in the cakes resulting from the pressing
of olives, etc.
The general arrangement of apparatus suitable for this purpose is shown in
the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification. It comprises essentially
three receptacles B, A and C with which are respectively connected cooling
worms S¹, S3, and S³ contained in a single vessel D, and a pump P. The three

page_text: receptacles B, A and C are connected together and to the pump by suitably
arranged piping T¹, T.
T. The receptacle A receives the dissolving liquid
intended for exhausting the materials which are placed in one or more metallic
baskets E arranged in the receptacle B.
In the drawings, there is shown only one basket E having numerous holes made
through its sides. A central cavity formed in this basket enables a screw or helix H
to cause a constant circulation of the dissolving liquid in which the substances
to be exhausted are completely immersed and which flows back along the walls
of the receptacle B after having passed through the said materials. In the gocse
neck that connects the worm Si with the vessel B there is placed a cock R³; and
at the bottom of the vessel B there is arranged a steam-worm S.
The vessel C, connected by a swan's neck to the cooling worm $3, is intended
to receive the liquids resulting from the exhaustion. It is provided with a double
bottom for steam circulation. By distillation the solvent is returned into the
worm S3, and the dissolved residue is collected by means of a cock arranged at
the lower part of the vessel.
At starting, the vessel A. being full of a suitable liquid, such as water, carbon
bi-sulphide, alcohol, ether, petroleum, benzine, or toluene, and the material to be
exhausted having been placed in the basket E of the vessel B, the cover of which
has been momentarily raised for the purpose of said charging, the pipes T¹ and T3
are put into communication with each other by means of the three-way cock R¹,
and the pipes T and T5 are caused to communicate with each other by means
of the three-way cock R2. It is then sufficient to operate the pump in order to cause
the liquid in the vessel A to pass into the vessel B. If the cocks R1 and R2 be
then closed, and if, by simply shifting the belt, the pump be thrown out of action,
and the shaft a and the gearing e e driving the helix H be thrown into action,
the exhaustion will commence. By means of the steam-worm S the dissolving
liquid is heated to the desired temperature, and if it is required to exhaust under
pressure, it is sufficient to close the cock R³. The first exhaustion having been
completed, the cocks R¹ and R2 are operated so as to connect the pipes T2 and T³,
and the pipes T and T6 respectively. If now the pump P be operated anew, the
liquid resulting from the exhaustion, passes successively through T2 and T³, and is
forced through the passages T and T into the vessel C. It is distilled therein, and
the pure solvent passes through the worm S³ into the vessel A, and the products
of the exhaustion remain in the vessel C, whence they are easily collected. Small
glass cylinders V1 and V2 arranged in the discharge-pipes of the worms S¹ and S³
allow the progress of the distillation to be followed.
The subsequent exhaustions will be effected by executing anew the series of
manipulations and operations which I have just described.
At the end of the last operation, by heating the exhausted materials, the whole of
the liquid with which they may be impregnated can be expelled. This liquid is
distilled in the worm S¹ and is collected in the vessel A. Communication between
the latter and the atmosphere is made by means of a worm S2, which avoids all
loss of solvent.
Instead of a pump, compressed air may be employed for the circulation of the
liquids.
As the apparatus arranged as above described is practically entirely closed, the
loss of solvent is reduced to a minimum. This feature is especially important when
very volatile solvents are employed.
My apparatus allows of the use of liquid solvents that have a very low boiling
point, such as methyl chloride (whose boiling point is -23°. 7 C.) and ethyl chloride
(whose boiling point is +120.5 C.). The use of a pump is then unnecessary and
the pressure in each vessel at the normal temperature is sufficient to effect the
'transference of the liquids. In this case the worms are replaced by suction and
delivery pumps which draw the chloride from the vessels B and C and deliver it
into the vessel A. Solvents having very low boiling-points are particularly suit-
able for the manufacture of wax perfumed by the direct exhaustion of flowers.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. For extracting in a systematic and continuous manner, by means of a suit-
able solvent, the essential matters contained in aromatic plants, and analogous
purposes, apparatus comprising three vessels one of which serves to contain the
solvent, a second to hold the substances to be treated, and a third to receive the
products extracted, the said vessels being connected together and to a pump or to
means for supplying compressed air, by suitable piping provided with cocks or
valves, the three vessels being respectively connected to cooling worms, and the
second of said vessels having means for circulating the solvent amongst the sub-
stances being treated and also means for heating the said solvent to the desired
temperature, the arrangement being such that at the commenceent of each exhaust-
ing operation by adjusting the cocks and operating the pump solvent can be
caused to pass from the first vessel to the second one containing the substances
to be exhausted, and on the completion of each exhausting operation by re-adjust-
ing the cocks and operating the pump anew the products of exhaustion can be
caused to pass from the second vessel into the third one in which the solvent can
be distilled off and returned to the first vessel for re-use, substantially as described.
2. My improved apparatus constructed arranged and operating substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown by the drawing for the
purpose specified.
3. The modification of the apparatus specified in Claim 1 wherein the worms
are replaced by suction and delivery pumps, for the purpose of adapting the
apparatus for the use of liquid solvents that have a very low boiling point, substan-
tially as described.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.