AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING A BLACK PIGMENT FOR PAINT BY THE UTILIZATION OF A CHEMICAL BY- PRODUCT OR REFUSE, AND FOR THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE- WITH
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Owen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
October 1873.
I, ROBERT OWEN, of Bowdon, in the County of Chester, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for ff AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
OBTAINING A BLACK PIGMENT FOR PAINT BY THE UTILIZATION OF A CHEMICAL BY-
PRODUCT OR REFUSE, AND FOR THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE-
WITH," to be as follows:-
The by-product or refuse I use for manufacturing the black pigment
...
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is the residue arising from the manufacture of prussiate of potash, the
residue being commonly called animal charcoal or carbon by the
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facturers. This residue contains ashes or
de coses or gritty matters envelopping or
mixed among the fine particles of carbon or charcoal, and the object of
this Invention is to separate these coarse and fine matters in the most
efficient and economical manner for the purpose of enabling the finer
particles to be combined into a black pigment or used as a powder,
which when worked up with boiled linseed oil and other matters used by
painters produces a cheap and durable black paint, but blueish shades
can be obtained by an admixture of any of the drugs used by dyers for
the purpose of having blue tints.

page_text: "
The aforesaid by-product or refuse is received from the manufacturers
in a semi-dry state, and in order to cleanse it I first add sufficient water
to separate the mass and reduce it to about the consistency of milk, and
then pass the product through an improved washing machine constructed
as follows:-The residue is first placed in a tank and thinned by the
water, the coarser matters falling to the bottom of the tank and the
finer particles flow off with the water through a syphon pipe or other
passage into another tank, and from thence, if required, to a third tank,
from which it passes to a long trough having at intervals from one end
to the other a number of boards or plates so placed crosswise as to leave
alternate lower and upper spaces for the liquid mass to pass through,
and the boards or plates act as separators or dividers, and cause the
coarser matters to fall to the bottom of the trough, so that when the
´mixture has arrived at the end it contains only the finer particles, and in
the trough there are sieves to prevent gritty matters lighter than water
from passing onwards. From the trough the liquid passes into a tank
or barrel from whence it is pumped into a tank or barrel on a floor
above, and then conveyed to one or more vessels having false wire gauze
bottoms covered with filtering cloth, and to the true bottom is fixed a
tube having connected to it another tube extending to the ground or
lower floor to enable the water to run off gradually from the fine charcoal
or carbon.
.
When the mass is sufficiently dry it is placed on a table where it is
moulded into square or other shaped blocks which are afterwards dried
by natural or artificial means, so that they can be used as articles of
commerce.
"
In order to make paint the blocks are broken into as small pieces as
possible, and the pieces ground into an impalpable powder by a conical
grinding mill, having at the top a sieve over which revolving arms work
to shake and shift the broken lumps and particles, there being outlets at
the bottom of the cones to allow the ground substance to fall into a
receptacle.