Improvements in Direct-acting Pumping Engines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1890-Accepted, 26th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Direct-acting Pumping Engines.
We, JOHN TWEEDY, Engineer, of North Lodge, Walker, in the County of
Northumberland, and JAMES PATTERSON, Engineer, of 2 Elm Terrace, The Green,
Wallsend, in the County of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to pumping engines of the kind commonly known as direct
acting pumps (in which the piston of the motive power cylinder is coupled by a piston
rod direct to the piston of the pump cylinder) and has reference to the valve or valves
and valve gear of the motive power cylinder and the means of controlling the motions
of the piston and the valve.
Such a pumping engine according to this invention is so constructed that when one
motive fluid distributing valve is used for the motive power cylinder it has two
motions one derived from the motion of the piston or pump and the other derived
from some other source independent of that motion and capable of being controlled
independently and herein called the independent motion.
For the purpose of explanation we will assume steam to be, the motive fluid. The
steam ports are so arranged with regard to the two motions of the valve that when the
independent motion opens a port to steam the movement of the main piston due to
this steam admission so moves the valve as to close or tend to close the port opened
by the independent movement of the valve.
Thus the main piston can only move at a rate to correspond with the rate of inde-
pendent motion of the valve and that rate is controlled by suitable means as described
below.
at
In one arrangement the steam ports of the cylinder are formed at an acute angle
to the axis of the cylinder and the ports in the valve are at the same angle. The
valve is coupled to the piston rod of the pump by a lever and links and is moved in a
direction parallel to the motion of the pump by that motion. The independent motion
of the valve is derived from an auxiliary cylinder and piston. This motion
right angles to the other and is regulated by the rate of admission to and exhaust
from the auxiliary cylinder. An auxiliary slide valve or its equivalent is used to
alternately admit steam to or exhaust from either end of the auxiliary cylinder and
this auxiliary valve is worked by a tappet from the piston red of the pump and
reverses the steam and exhaust as the pump approaches the end of its stroke. To
regulate the speed of the auxiliary piston and therefore the rate of independent
motion of the valve the steam to the auxiliary cylinder is throttled or the exhaust
from it is throttled or both steam and exhaust are throttled by valves or cocks capable
of adjustment to any required amount. These valves or cocks also are or may be
regulated by a float in the suction box of the pump in the case of feed pumps.
In a modification the valve is cylindrical and has an axial and a rotary movement,
the latter derived from the pump rod by a lever and links, and the former inde-
pendently by the admission and exhaust of steam to and from the ends of the
cylindrical valve regulated as described above for the auxiliary cylinder. The parts
in the valve and main cylinder are formed at an acute angle to the axis of the
cylindrical valve.
In another modification the two motions of the valve are in the same line, the one
tending to counteract the other, and in this case the ports are arranged as usual at
right angles to the line of the valve's motion.
When two steam distributing valves are used for the steam cylinder one derives

page_text: its motion from the pump rod and the other from an auxiliary cylinder and the ports
are so arranged that while the second valve is moved to admit steam the first is so
moved as to tend to cut it off.
Dated this 27th day of September 1889.
W. LLOYD WISE.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Direct-acting Pumping Engines.
We, JOHN TWEEDY, Engineer, of North Lodge, Walker, in the County of
Northumberland, and JAMES PATTERSON, Engineer, of 2 Elm Terrace, The Green,
Wallsend, in the County of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to pumping engines of the kind commonly known as direct
acting pumps (in which the piston of the motive power cylinder is coupled by a piston
rod direct to the piston of the pump cylinder) and has reference to the valve or valves
and valve gear of the motive power cylinder and the means of controlling the motions
of the piston and the valve.
Such a pumping engine according to this invention is so constructed that when one
motive fluid distributing valve is used for the motive power cylinder it has two
motions, one derived from-the motion of the piston or pump and the other derived
from some other source independent of that motion and capable of being controlled
independently and herein called the independent motion.
For the purpose of explanation we will assume steam to be the motive fluid. The
steam ports are so arranged with regard to the two motions of the valve that when
the independent motion opens a port to steam the movement of the main piston
due to this steam admission so moves the valve as to close or tend to close the port
opened by the independent movement of the valve.
Thus the main piston can only move at a rate to correspond with the rate of inde-
pendent motion of the valve, and that rate is controlled by suitable means as described
below.
In one arrangement the steam ports of the cylinder are formed at an acute angle
to the axis of the cylinder and the ports in the valve are at the same angle. The
valve is coupled to the piston rod of the pump by a lever and links and is moved
in a direction parallel to the motion of the pump by that motion. The independent
motion of the valve is derived from an auxiliary cylinder and piston. This motion
is at right angles to the other and is regulated by the rate of admission to and
exhaust from the auxiliary cylinder. An auxiliary slide valve or its equivalent is
used to alternately admit steam to or exhaust from either end. of the auxiliary
cylinder and this auxiliary valve is worked by a tappet from the piston rod of the
pump and reverses the steam and exhaust as the pump approaches each end of its
stroke. To regulate the speed of the auxiliary piston, and therefore the rate of
independent motion of the valve, the steam to the auxiliary cylinder is throttled, or
the exhaust from it is throttled, or both steam and exhaust are throttled by valves
or cocks capable of adjustment to any required amount. These valves or cocks
also are or may be regulated by a float in the suction box of the pump in the case of
feed pumps.
This arrangement of direct acting pump with valve is illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4
inclusive of the accompanying drawings;
Fig. 1 being a vertical section partly in elevation;
Fig. 2 a vertical section taken through the valve chest in a plane at right angles to
Fig. 1 and with parts in elevation ;
Fig. 3 a horizontal section taken through the auxiliary cylinders; and
Fig. 4 is a view of the slide valve as seen from its rear side.
A is the steam cylinder of the pumping engine; B the main piston; C the

page_text: piston rod; and D the slide valve. The ports of the valve face are shewn in
dotted lines in Fig. 4 and are marked E, E1, E2. This slide valve is moved in one
direction, namely horizontally, by auxiliary pistons F, that work in auxiliary
cylinders G and are connected to a strap in which a projection on the slide
valve is free to receive a vertical motion from a strap 1 actuated by a spindle J
and lever K from the piston rod C. N is a cock to alternately admit and exhaust
steam from the auxiliary cylinders. This cock is intermittently operated from the
piston rod by an arm L fixed upon this rod, and tappets M and M² fixed on a
rod M³ connected with the plug of the cock. The rate of admission to and exhaust
from the auxiliary cylinder is regulated by cocks 01, 0, 0³. These cocks are opened
to any required extent; they may as hereinbefore mentioned be connected to a float
in the suction box of the pump so as to open as the level of water in the suction box
rises, and to close as the level falls.
The operation of the pump is as follows:-
In the position of the cock N shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 steam will be admitted
through the cock O' to the left hand auxiliary cylinder, and exhausted through the
cocks 02 and 0³ from the right hand auxiliary cylinder. The pistons will then
move from left to right at a speed depending upon the amount of opening through
the cocks 0' 02 03 and will carry the slide valve D with it. This movement will
cause steam to be admitted to port E³, and will open port E to the exhaust,
thereby causing the piston B to move upwards. The upward movement of the
piston will cause through the lever K, valve spindle J, and strap I, an upward
movement of the slide valve D, which movement in consequence of the angular
position of the ports, will tend to shut off the port E2 from steam, and the port E
from the exhaust. Thus the piston B can only travel a distance corresponding to the
distance which has been traversed by the auxiliary pistons F.
On approaching the end of its stroke, the piston B will operate the cock N
through the arm Land tappet M' so as to reverse the direction of the flow of
live steam and exhaust steam to and from the auxiliary cylinders G and thereby
reverse the motion of the auxiliary pistons F which in turn is followed by the
reversal of the motion of the piston B. Complete control is obtained over the
working of the pump by the adjustment of the cocks 01 02 0² or their equivalents
and the tappets M' and M². The cock 0 may be either in the branch admitting
steam to the cock N in which case the exhaust from the auxiliary cylinders is
throttled by the cocks 0 and 02, or in the exhaust branch as shewn, or a cock
may be placed in each branch. The cocks O' and 02 may in some cases be omitted.
In a modification the valve is cylindrical and has an axial and rotary movement,
the latter derived from the pump rod by a lever and link; and the former inde-
pendently by the admission aud exhaust of steam to and from the ends of the
cylindrical valve regulated as described above for the auxiliary cylinder. The ports in
the valve and cylindrical valve face are formed at an acute angle to the axis of the
cylindrical valve.
This modification is illustrated in figures 5, 6 and 7 which are similar views to
Figs. 2, 1 and 3 respectively.
A is the steam cylinder of the pumping engine; B the piston; and C the piston
rod as before. D is the cylindrical valve arranged to work in an auxiliary cylinder G
and to receive rotary movement from the piston rod C through the spindle J lever K
and link K. The valve turns with the spindle J but is free to move end wise thereon.
E is the steam port leading to the top of cylinder A and E the port leading to the
bottom of the cylinder. E is the exhaust port. The cock N is used to alternately
admit and exhaust steam to and from the ends of the valve D. This cock is inter-
mittently operated from the piston rod ( by the arm L and tappets M and M² as
before.
The rate of admission to and exhaust from the ends of the valve D is regulated by
the cocks 0, 02, 03 as in the arrangement hereinbefore described. The operation of
this modified construction of pump is as follows:-
In the position of the cock N shown in Figs. 5 and 6, steam will be admitted

page_text: through the cock O' to the left hand end of the valve D whilst that previously
admitted to the right hand end of the valve will be exhausted through the cocks 03
and 03. The valve D will then move from left to right at a speed depending upon the
amount of opening through the cocks 0 0 0³. This movement will cause steam to
be admitted to the port E2 and will open the port E¹ to the exhaust thereby causing
the piston B to move upwards. The upward movement of the piston will be accom-
panied, through the lever K and valve spindle J, by a rotary movement of the
valve D which movement in consequence of the angular position of the ports, will
tend to shut off the port E² from the steam and the port E from the exhaust. Thus
the piston B can only travel a distance corresponding to the distance which has been
travelled horizontally by the valve D. On approaching the end of its stroke the
piston B will operate the cock N through the arm L tappet M' and rod M³ so that it
will admit steam to the right hand end of the valve and place the left hand end in
communication with the exhaust thereby reversing the endwise motion of the valve.
and so causing a reversal of the motion of the piston B.
In another modification the two motions of the valve are in the same line, the one
tending to counteract the action of the other. In this case the ports are arranged as
usual at right angles to the direction of motion of the valve.
Fig. 8 is a vertical section partly in elevation shewing an arrangement according to
this modification. D is a piston distributing valve with the steam admission in the
centre and exhaust over the ends. This valve is operated by a floating lever P one
end of which receives motion from the main piston B through a link Q, the other end
of the lever receiving motion from an auxiliary piston F arranged to work in an
auxiliary cylinder G. The valve D is connected to an intermediate point in the lever
as shown. By this arrangement, an upward motion of the auxiliary piston F will
cause an upward movement of the steam distributing valve D so as to admit steam to
the top of the main piston B and to open the lower end of cylinder A to the exhaust
and thereby cause a downward motion of the main piston. This in turn will cause a
downward motion of the steam distributing valve, and so counteract the action of the
auxiliary piston on that valve. Thus the main piston B can only move a distance
corresponding with the distance which has been moved by the auxiliary piston F.
01, 02 are cocks as before for controlling the speed of the auxiliary piston F.
When two steam distributing valves are used for the steam cylinder, one derives its
motion from the pump rod, and the other from an auxiliary piston and the ports are
so arranged that while the second valve is moved to admit steam the first is so moved
as to tend to cut it off.
In Figs. 9 and 10 which illustrate this arrangement
A is the steam cylinder of the pumping engine; B the piston; and C the piston
rod as before. D is the slide valve to which a vertical movement is imparted from
the piston rod C through the lever K and valve spindle J. H is a double piston
valve arranged to work in a cylindrical chamber within the valve D and having a
movement-parallel to the line-of-motion-of-that-valve. This piston-valve is moved
endwise by the auxiliary pistons F working in the auxiliary cylinders G.
E and E are steam ports in communication with the top and bottom respectively
of the cylinder A. E is the main exhaust port. e¹² and e are the corresponding
ports for the double piston valve H.
N is a cock to alternately admit and exhaust steam from the auxiliary cylinders,
and 01, 02, and 0³, controlling cocks similar to those shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
Tne operation of this modified form of pump is as follows
-
With the cock in the position shown in Fig. 10 steam will be admitted from the
valve chest through the cock O' to the bottom auxiliary cylinder G and that
previously admitted to the top auxiliary cylinder will be exhausted through the
cocks 02 and 03. The piston F will thus be caused to move upward at a speed
depending upon the amount of opening through the cocks 01 02 0³, and will carry the
piston valve H with it.
The valve H by this movement will admit steam to the port e and thence through
the valve D to the port E at the same time opening the port E to the exhaust

page_text: through the ports e' e and E and thereby causing the piston B to move upwards.
The upward movement of the piston B is accompanied, through the lever K and
the valve spindle J, by an upward movement of the slide valve D which will tend
to shut off the port e from steam, and the port e from the exhaust. Thus the
piston B can only travel a distance corresponding to the distance which has been
traversed by the auxiliary piston F.
On approaching the end of its stroke, the piston B will operate the cock N
through the arm L, tappet M' and rod. M³, so as to cause the direction of motion
of the auxiliary pistons F to be reversed as in the first described arrangement, and
causing a reversal in the direction of motion of the piston B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we do not claim
broadly the use in direct acting pumping engines of two distributing valves, one of
which receives its motion from the main piston, and the other from an auxiliary
piston, but what we do claim is :-
1. A direct acting pumping engine constructed with a motive fluid distributing
valve having two motions, one derived from the main piston and the other an
independent motion capable of independent control, the two motions being so related
to one another that the one tends to counteract the action of the other substantially as
herein described for the purpose specified.
2. A direct acting pumping engine constructed with two motive fluid distributing
valves, one of which receives its motion from the main piston, and the other from an
auxiliary piston the motion of which is controlled by regulating cocks or valves
external to the valve chest substantially as herein described for the purpose specified.
3. Direct acting pumping engines constructed arranged, and operating substan-
tially as herein before described with reference respectively to and shown in Figs. 1
to 4 inclusive; in Figs. 5 to 7 inclusive; in Fig. 8; and in Figs. 9 and 10 of the
drawings annexed.
Dated this 25th day of June 1890.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.Č., Agent for the Applicants.