Improvements in and Connected with the Cutting, Creasing or Shaping of the Parts of Boxes or Canisters and Mechanism therefor.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 7th Dec., 1888
Improvements in and Connected with the Cutting, Creasing or
Shaping of the Parts of Boxes or Canisters and Mechanism
therefor.
We, PETER COOK, Box Maker, of 19 Windsor Street, and ANDREW BUCHANAN, of
the firm of John Buchanan and Brothers, Wholesale and Export Confectioners,
of 35 Stewart Street, Cowcaddens, both in Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the mode and means,
or special combination dies and other apparatus or mechanism, for cutting and folding
or creasing and shaping at the same operation the capped or folded ends and fiat
sheet sides for putting together and making of boxes or canisters out of cardboard,
pasteboard, millboard, or leatherboard, which we term the sheet material such as those
described and illustrated in the Specification of the Petitioner Peter Cook's Patent
No. 9968 16 July 1887, and also suitable for cutting and creasing or shaping the like
parts of tin or other thin sheet metal boxes or canisters. And which improvements
will enable these parts of boxes or canisters to be cut and folded or creased and formed
in a more expeditious manner and with less waste of material, and without scoring
or cracking the latter at the folds, than has been possible heretofore; and the improve-
ments in the dies will enable them to be more lasting and more easily repaired and
sharpened than such dies have been as heretofore constructed.
The nature and novelty of the invention and improvements, consist all as follows:-
One new or improved construction of the combination dies for forming the ends of
square or polygonal boxes, as say for making the close plain end forming the
bottom of the box, one at a time by each motion of the reciprocating die, would
consist of a stationary lower die, and of an upper reciprocating die, each formed with
a strong or flat thick plate, carrying the whole of the cutting and folding parts of
these dies removable and screwed to them as hereinafter described. The plate of the
fixed or lower die is screwed or otherwise secured to the centre of the fixed or
stationary table of the machine, and the plate of the moving or upper die would be

page_text: secured by a stem or other equivalent up to the lower end of the moving or reciprocating
ram, block, or spindle guided exactly and truly over the lower die, so that the cutting
edges of the dies would all punch er cut the pasteboard or cardboard placed or fed
in between them out to the proper shape, and turn up the edges or jointing flanges
after cutting the same, all during the one motion, and deliver the end folded and
formed, down through the centre of the lower die, all as will hereinafter be more
particularly described. Each side of the polygonal die would be formed with a
separate tempered steel cutter, with its cutting horizontal and side edges projecting
up sufficiently above their respective bed plates to allow of the full motion of the
upper die down over the under die after cutting the sheet material to crease and shape
it. These die pieces would preferably be secured and screwed into checked recesses
or slots in their bed plates either through their sides or bottom edges with sunk
headed screws or otherwise so secured that the die pieces could not move laterally by
the strain of cutting or creasing the sheet material. The under or stationary die for
the said square end box would be formed by four such cutting and creasing steel
plates cutting on the outer face edges and ends, and of a thickness equal to the
depth of the flanges to be creased up and rounded on the inner creasing or folding
edge and also form a hollow square on their inside equal to the extreme outer size
of the end of the box to be creased, which would be formed hollow right down
through the four dies and plate widening on the sides below towards the under
side of the plate, so that each lid when so cut and creased down through the under
die by the upper die, would be delivered and tumble out into a receptacle for the
purpose below the table. The upper moving die would likewise be formed with
four horizontal and vertical face steel tempered dies, cutting on the inner vertical
faces and under edge against the outer and upper faces of the under die, two of
them being made to cut away the corner pieces on the ends of the under four
cutting plates. These vertical outer cutters on the upper dic, may be screwed to a
projecting piece in the center of the bed plate of the upper die's bed plate, by outer
plates enclosing the whole four dies, while a solid stationary square block would be
formed inside these outer cutters, rather less than the size of the hollow inside recess
in the lower fixed die plates, as say from all round to of an inch, according
to the thickness of the sheet material to be creased and compressed by this central
block, leaving a vertical space between this block and the outer cutting dies for
the under cutting dies to pass up into. The central block would have its lower
pressing horizontal end an eighth of an inch or so below the surface of the cutting
edges of the plates, so as first to cut and then crease and compress or turn up the
jointing flanges of the cut end of the box down into the recess of the lower die,
after it is cut, and deliver the shaped end of the box thus formed as before stated
down through the lower die and plate, each downward reciprocatory motion of the
upper die thus forming a composite die for both cutting and bending or capping
up the jointing edge flanges at the same operation. Guides are preferably fitted
or secured on one or more sides of the upper or lower die working through slots in
the other die plate, to steady the dies and their cutting edges all accurately on to and
over each other, and these or special guides may also be fitted so as to answer for
.setting each piece of the cardboard or sheet material to be cut and shaped over the
under die; or in recesses in the plates of the die with india rubber, spiral, or other
springs, so as to be pressed in by the die and recede with it, to form projecting guides.
for the setting of the sheet material to be cut and creased.
For making the top ends of the canisters, which have a square or round hole
through them, the dies would be modified. The lower die would be formed with a
square horizontal die plate within its creasing or bending space or round recess through
it, with cutting edges on the inside, the size of the hole to be cut through the end of
the box, and this plate would be mounted with strong spiral, india-rubber or other
springs below it, maintaining it level with the four cutting and shaping dies outside,
forming the square. Then the upper die would have a square cutting die screwed or
otherwise secured in the centre of the before mentioned fixed centre creasing and
shaping die, which had its surface the thickness of the sheet material to be cut below

page_text: the surface of its outer cutters. This said central square cutting die would project
the same height as the outer cutting dies, and have its outer cutting edges the same
size as the inner cutting edges of the moving plate die in the lower die plate, all
so that the downward motion of the upper die would cause this central die plate
5 to cut out the said square hole in the centre of the sheet material of the end cover
at the same time as the outer dies cut and shaped the outer edges, and then move
down over the under dies so as to bend up and crease and shape the square end of
the box into and over the spring cutting plate in the lower die, which would be pressed
down along with the central shaping plate of the upper die, and as the upper die rose,
the lower spring plate would force up the finished end, and deliver it over the top of
the lower cutting dies, from which it might be pushed away by the card material being
fed in, or the lower die and its bed plate might be set at such an angle that the
finished end might fall away by gravitation over the top of the die and bed plates.
It is to be understood that round ends of boxes and canisters, whether solid or with
$ recesses through them as described, may be cut and punched and have their outer
flanges embossed up in equivalent constructions of composite dies at the same operation
or reciprocating motion of the upper die. The lower die is forined with a stationary
annular or ring die, and has a width of horizontal face equal to the depth of the
flange, and made to cut on its outer edge; while its inner edge being slightly rounded
would cap or emboss up the flange by and while the upper die was coming down,
with its outer annular ring cutter correspondingly cutting on its inner edge over
the under ring cutter, and in its further descent cause its central or circular cylindrical
shaping die to press down the cut disc, and cap or emboss up the edge flanges out of
the sheet material fed in and actuated all as otherwise described in reference to the
square ends of boxes and canisters. Although only single duplex lower and upper
dies have. been described for forming one end of a box or canister at a time, out of
the sheet material, it is to be understood that long under and upper die bed plates
may be formed in like manner, to take in strips of the full length or width of the
pasteboard or plate material to punch and form at each operation as many ends out
of these with as little waste as possible between them. For as many ends of boxes
and canisters as were to be formed at one time, there would be sets of the upper and
lower vertical cutting and embossing tempered steel cutters and dies sliding and
working vertically over and into each other fitted and screwed into longitudinal and
transverse recesses or slots formed for them in their said lower stationary or upper
moving die bed plates to cut each end and turn up or crease and emboss its flanges,
all substantially as described in reference to forming the single ends of boxes and
canisters in the single composite cutting and embossing dies. But in this case where
the box or canister lids are formed close to each other, short separate longitudinal
cutters would preferably be formed and secured between each pair of lids on each
side, for cutting the corner parts away of the flanges, and the lower end cutters, would
be secured from a sixteenth to one eighth of an inch apart, so that a thin transverse
vertical cutting steel blade secured in grooves in the said short corner cutters of the
upper die, would cut down into the said recess between the lower cutter dies, to cut
and separate each lid, with only a waste of sheet material between the ends, equal to
the thickness of this blade cutter. The construction and action of these long upper
and lower dies would otherwise be all substantially as described in reference to the
dies for cutting and embossing a single end at a time. In these machines whether
used for making a single or a series of ends, the lower die plates might be screwed
or otherwise secured to a fixed standard or table platform vertically or at an angle
as mentioned for the better delivery of the shaped or finished ends. And the
reciprocating upper die plate would be secured to one or more slide blocks in an
upper standard or frame projecting up from and over the lower standard or bed
plate, so as to be reciprocated in a vertical line to and over the lower die plate,
to give the actions all as described; the slide blocks being actuated by any ordinary
powerful mechanical press motion, such as by a connecting rod or rods from a special
otating crank or cam shaft above either continuously rotating or actuated by an
ordinary treadle lever mechanism which puts this shaft into motion by a stopping

page_text: and starting clutch in its upward position for giving a pause sufficient for inserting
or feeding in the cardboard or other sheet material to form the ends of the boxes or
canisters or powerful lever or hydraulic presses might be used when these were
preferred for certain kinds of work.
A further improvement consists in the mode and means of, or arrangement and
combination of mechanism for creasing and folding the sides of square or polygonal
Оле
boxes or canisters out of their sheet pasteboard or material at the corners.
arrangement of the mechanism for effecting this as suitable for square shaped boxes,
and folding a number, as six sides at a time, consists all as follows:-In mounting
over a table platform frame a long horizontal creasing and shaping square bar
or mandrel, the same size in transverse section as the sides of the square box or
canister to be formed, and which would be screwed or otherwise secured at its ends
in slide blocks, reciprocated in stong slide guides secured at and over the ends of
the frames of the table bed, by connecting rods and cranks or canis on a rotating
shaft below for the purpose all as will hereinafter be described. The shaping mandrel
in its highest position rises an inch or more above the table and its counter composite
stationary shaping bars and die, so as to be able to feed in and place the six parallel
pieces of pasteboard or sheet material, previously cut to a proper length and breadth,
transversely over these and under the shaping bar, against suitable shaping and
setting guides, at the end and one side. This shaping bar would be reciprocated
down between the edges and sides of the folding plates and side shaping dies, which
would be made in the form of a creasing and shaping die box on each side of the
shaping bar, the thickness of the cardboard or sheet material, wider on each side than
the shaping mandrel, which in its downward motion compressed and folded the sides
down into the shaping box or plates and dies. To be able to crease and shape
the sides of different sized boxes, as say from two inches to eight inches square, the
shaping mandrels of these different sizes, would be made capable of being secured on
their end slides, and the side frames of the outer shaping dies would be made of broad
horizontal table plates the whole length of the frame, with vertical planed sides next
the mandrels, as deep as to form the shaping die box to receive the shaping mandrel
in its lowest position when the upper surface of the shaping mandrel would be level
with the die box, and they would be so mounted with slots and screws to the top of
the side and end frames of the table and fixed there so as to be able to he set and screwed
to any exact position towards the reciprocating mandrel, to suit the particular sized
mandrel and box to be folded for the time being. Upon the upper and inner face of
these fixed die box frames two long planed strong steel plates would be fitted to,
reciprocate inwards in slots or guides simultaneously from opposite sides when the
upper mandrel was in its lowest position, so that the lower rounded edges of these
plates when pushed forward over the mandrel would fold the sides of the cardboard or
sheet material down tight on the top of the mandrel, all without scoring or cracking
the cardboard. On the side where the narrow jointing flange is so folded over, a recess
would be slotted in the upper face of the shaping inandrel, the thickness and width of
the flanged cardboard, so as to ensure the perfect square parallel shape of the box
when folded and jointed; and a raised ridge or rib might be formed along the top of
the mandrel to prevent the upper side of the box being folded down in the path of the
opposite plate creasing the jointing flange. Under the shaping mandrel a long spring
bed plate would be fitted to reciprocate on vertical guide spindles, with two or more
spiral or other springs under it, so as to cause this plate to rise and fall with the under
face of the shaping mandrel, and grip the paper while being folded between them and
deliver the folded sides of the box up flush with the top of the lateral moving and
folding die plates and so as to allow them to be easily removed and other cardboard
sides inserted when the mandrel rose to its highest position above the die plates.
The said lateral reciprocation of each of these upper folding die plates would be
effected under one arrangement by two vertical beam levers, fulcrumed to strong
studs at the sides of the frames, the upper ends of the levers being connected by links
to snugs projecting down from the plates working throngh slots in their bed die plates;
and these levers would be so connected to each other on opposite sides of the frame by

page_text: diagonal connecting rods or otherwise as to reciprocate simultaneously in opposite
directions, that is inwardly towards each other to fold the cardboard at the moment
the shaping mandrel was in its lowest position where it would pause for a sufficient
time to enable this reciprocation and folding to take place, and then both levers and
plates would recede outwards from each other, and leave the upper edges of the plates
in line with the vertical internal sides of the shaping die box, so as to form the first
two folds of the card board case on the first descent of the mandrel. The two actuating
levers of these folding plates would preferably extend down in line with the central
horizontal crank or cam shaft, and be reciprocated as described by reciprocating or
connecting rods with antifriction pin rollers on their inner ends, working into positive
acting groove cams which would be concentric during the greater part of their
revolution, and maintain the upper ends of their levers and plates always outwards in
their wide position, except during a fifth or sixth of the revolution of the cam shaft,
where a projecting part of the cain groove would press them in and out, so as to fold
the card case, during the same part of the revolution of the shaft which maintained.
the shaping mandrel in its lowest position for that purpose. When cranks are used
on the ends of the said crank shaft, to actuate the end connecting rods of the vertical
reciprocating slides of the horizontal shaping mandrel, each crank pin would be fitted
in slots in its crank, preferably with shifting screws to be able to set and fix them at
any throw of crank suitable for the size of shaping mandrel to be used. The lower
ends of the connecting rods working on these crank pins would also be fitted with
slots and shifting bushes to adjust them to the proper length to suit the motion
and extreme up and down positions of the particular mandrel being used, the
bushes always acting on the bottom of the slots, so that the cranks would always
bring down the connecting rods and mandrel by the positive downward action of
the crank to their lowest position, to shape and compress the cardboard or case
whatever the throw of crank might be for the time being. To prevent the con-
necting rods and shaping mandrel falling below the position they were pulled
to by the crank pins and bushes, sliding in their slots the lower ends of the
connecting rods or antifriction rollers on them, might be made to roll over hollow
curved cam plates, or otherwise pinching screws or other equivalent might either
be fitted on the outer lower ends of the connecting rods for setting so as to act
on the upper sides of the crank pin bushes, or pinching screws might be fitted up
through the longitudinal beam carrying the spiral springs of the movable delivery
bottom of the shaping box die and so stop these in their lowest position. To prevent
concussion by the action of the crank in bringing these to their lowest downward
position, plates with india-rubber might be fitted over these pinching screws to adjust
all to maintain the mandrel in its lowest position. Instead of these shifting slotted
cranks and crank pins for the different sizes of boxes and shaping mandrels, positive
acting cams either of different sizes or stepped on one cam might he made and fitted
on to the opposite ends of the cam shaft to suit the different sized mandrels and boxes
or canisters, giving the requisite panse at the top and bottom strokes respectively for
the removal of the folded, and the insertion of new cardboard or sheet-material; and
the folding in of the upper ends when the mandrel was in its lowest position. This
main crank and cam shaft would be carried in bush bearings in the end frames of the
table platform, and be turned by a large spur wheel keyed on it, through a pinion on
a first motion shaft also carried in bush bearings in the frames and driven at a high
speed by fast and loose pulleys on its outer end, actuated by a belt from any motive
power or counter shaft of the works where the machine had to be operated.
D: 15th day of Fab 1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Connected with the Cutting, Creasing, or
Shaping of the Parts of Boxes or Canisters and Mechanism
therefor.
We, PETER COOK, Box Maker, of 19 Windsor Street, and ANDREW BUCHANAN of
the firm of John. Buchanan and Brothers, Wholesale and Export Confectioners, of
35 Stewart Street, Cowcaddens, both in Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare the
nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing,
reference being had to the accompanying Two Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters
and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
"
This Invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the mode and means
or special combination dies and other apparatus or mechanism, for cutting and folding
or creasing and shaping at the same operation, the "capped or folded ends and flat
sheet sides for putting together and making of boxes or canisters out of card-board
paste-board, millboard or "leather-board," which we term the sheet material, such as
those described and illustrated in the Specification of the Petitioner Peter Cook's
Patent, No. 9968 July 16 1887, and also suitable for cutting or shaping the like parts
of tin or other sheet metal boxes or canisters; and which improvements will enable
these parts of boxes or canisters to be cut and folded or creased and formed in a more
expeditious manner and with less waste of material, and without "scoring" or
cracking the latter at the folds than has been possible heretofore; and the improve-
ments in the dies will enable them to be more lasting and more easily repaired and
sharpened than such dies have been as heretofore constructed.
And in order that the nature of our said invention and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood, we have hereunto appended Two explanatory
Sheets of Drawings in which the same reference letters are used to indicate similar
parts in all the figures where shown.
Figures 1 and on Sheet 1 are, respectively, an inverted plan or under face view,
and an edge section of one construction of our new upper cutting and shaping or
folding die A A', for making the square tops or ends of the said improved cardboard
boxes, cases, or canisters. Figures 3 and are, respectively, a plan and a vertical
section of the under fellow cutting and shaping die B B', corresponding to and used
with the upper die figures 1 and 2, when the cardboard tops E made by them are to
have holes Ecut in them as shown in plan and inverted edge section at Figure 5.
Figure 6 is a plan of the lower die plate B, as constructed with a square hole B¹
through it, to be used in place of that shown in Figures 3 and 4, when the cardboard
ends E have to be made solid without the holes E' in the centre, and are thus delivered
down through the lower die B, suitable for use either as close fixed bottoms or as loose
removable tops or lids. Figures 7 and 8 are respectively a sectional elevation and
under face view of an upper die A A¹, to be used with its fellow ander die B B³, shown
in sectional elevation and plan in Figures 9 and 10, respectively, and equivalent to the
dies shown in Figures 1 to 4, but slightly modified for inaking the larger sized square
ends E E¹ shown in Figure 5 A; and as suitable for making them with holes E¹ by the

page_text: central cutter A in the upper die A A' or as solid close bottoms E, or as loose
removable lids E without holes through them. Figure 7 A shows a sectional elevation
of the upper die A A¹, corresponding to Figure 7, but with the central round cutter A³
removed, and as used for making the ends E without the holes E, and delivering
them down through the lower die B, B2, as shown in Figures 9 and 10. Figures 9 A
and 10 A show a sectional elevation and plan respectively, of a movable square die
plate B³ with internal cutting ring edge B mounted within the lower die B B³, for
the cut-out piece ell to fall down through, and secured on four rods C over a plate (1
and strong india-rubber or other equivalent spring and carried on a central guide
screw bolt C¹¹ on a crosshead (" secured by the end stays C³ screwed to the plate D
of the press Figure 11, when used for making the top cardboard ends E E¹, with the
holes E through them, and as shown applied (to a smaller scale) in the sectional side
elevation of an ordinary form of angular standard or headstock setting frame D D¹,
stamping die press in Figure 11, Sheet 2, with overhead motive-power rotating crank
shaft F, and on an adjustable screw lengthening and shortening reciprocating
connecting-rod F1, and sliding block D" for screwing the stem All into, of the upper
dies A, A'; and having the ordinary safety stop motion driving clutch at G, on the
eye of the belt driving fly wheel G₁, and shaft F, controlled by the attendant through
a hand or treadle and catch lever pawl, to insure or give time for the proper feeding-in
of the cardboard blank e between the dies, and the delivery of the cut and staniped
formed tops E, E¹, or ends E, either up through the top of the under die B, B³, as
shown in Figure 9 A, or down through it as shown at B in Figure 9. Figure 12, on
Sheet 1, shows an inverted or under face view of a round die Aa; and Figures 13
and 14 are respectively a plan and vertical section of the under fellow round die B B2
corresponding to Figure 12, and formed by our improvements for making round
cardboard ends E, E, with outer and inner annular or deep ring edge cutters a a',
and bb, respectively, around the inner "capping" or compressing block A', and
"stripping" or retaining rim delivery space 61 B2, instead of the flat edge cutters a a¹
and bb, used in Figures 1 to 10 for making the several polygonal sides e³ of the
ends E or EE. These round dios Figures 12 to 14, are shown as applied in
Figure 15 to an ordinary construction of stamping press, with a vertical slide head-
stock D, D, D. on fixed side frame D³, having the sliding block D' carrying and
actuating the upper die A A¹, reciprocated by the short arm I of a beam lever I, I',
mounted on a spindle 1" in the upper part of the headstock D', the long back arm
of the lever I, 11, being connected to the upper end of its reciprocating connecting
rod 12, the lower end of which is connected to a rotating crank shaft 13, actuated by a
spur wheel J, and pinon J¹, the latter being mounted on a motive-power shaft J',
carried in pillow block bush bearings J" at the lower part of the main frame D³ and
driven by fast and loose pulleys J and a belt J' passed from any suitable motive-power
shaft. Figure 16 shows an under face view and transverse edge sections taken on the
lines 1---
1 and 22, of a long compound upper die A, A', a, a¹; and Figure 17
is a plan of a corresponding under or lower die B B2, 6, and longitudinal and
transverse sections, respectively taken on the lines 3---3, 4---4, & 5---5, all
constructed in accordance with our improvements for making six ends E at one
operation or reciprocation of the upper die A, A¹, out of one long plain cut strip of
cardboard e, fed in between the dies at each reciprocation. Figures 18 and 19, on
Sheet 2, are, respectively, a front elevation, and a corresponding vertical section
taken on the line 6---6 in the former; and Figure 20 is a partial plan, all of one
construction of our improved die pressing machine for creasing or shaping a number
or set of the body parts Es of square, or polygonal cardboard boxes, cases, or canisters
Figure 6 A, out of suitable plain cut pieces of the cardboard e fed in over the
table K, K, and under the upper creasing die bar M, at each reciprocation or rising
of this die bar M here shown in its upper position. Figure 21 is a sectional elevation
of the upper part of this machine, corresponding to Figure 19, but showing the
Compressing bar M in its lowest position, and the side folding bars k, k', in their
inward position, and their moving links 12, 13, 15, and levers 1,,, in their corre-
sponding positions, as all in the act of having shaped a set of the said body parts E³,

page_text: shown in Figure 6 A, which is a sectional elevation and plan of a square box or
canister complete with glued or fixed-on ends E and E, E¹, as formed in the dies
Figures 7 to 10, Sheet 1; and the body E³, as formed in this machine Figures 18 to 21,
Sheet 2; while Figure 13 A shows a sectional inverted edge view and plan of the
round ends E or E' with capped-up edges e³, as shown formed by the round dies
Figures 12 to 14 and in pressing machine Figure 15; and Figure 14 A is a sectional
elevation and plan of a round box with fixed-on bottom E and loose lid E³, and having
the body E made in an ordinary manner on a round mandrel not described in
reference to these Drawings, or desired to be claimed.
Referring to Figures 1 to 6 :-One new or improved construction of our combination
dies A A¹ and B B¹, for forming the square ends E or E E', either with or without the
hole E', Figure 5, and in the upper end of the complete box of square, rectangular, or
other polygonal shape, as shown in sectional elevation and plan in Figure 6 A, as say,
first, for making the close plain end E, without the opening E₁, for the bottoms E, of
these boxes, one at a time by each downward motion of the upper reciprocating
die A, A', over the lower die B, consists all as follows:-Each of these dies is
respectively formed of a strong or thick body plate A and B, planed and fitted to carry
the whole of their respective cutting and folding parts a a' and b, b, screwed to them
in a removable manner for ease of sharpening and repair, as shown in the Drawings,
and as will be hereinafter described. The plate B of the fixed lower die Figures 3 to 6
is made flat on its under side for being screwed or secured at B" in the centre of and
to the upper planed or flat part of the stationary table plate D of the slide guide head-
stock D of the stamping press or machine, see Figures 11 and 15. The plate or
block, A, A¹, of the reciprocating upper die, Figures 1 and 2, is shown as screwed or
secured by a stem A", or other equivalent, up into a socket Du in the lower end of
the reciprocating slide block D², guided truly in slides I111 over the said fixed lower
die B, so that the properly sharpened adjacent edges of their die cutters a, a¹, and b b¹,
would all punch or cut the pasteboard, cardboard or sheet material e, placed or fed in
between them, out to the proper shape, removing the corners at e¹, and immediately
turn or crease up the edges or jointing flanges e², left within the spaces a", over the
centre shaping block A¹ of the upper die A A¹, all during one downward motion of
the upper die, and then deliver the end E so cut, folded, and formed down through the
recess B² in the centre of the lower die B bb, Figure 6, all as will hereinafter be
more particularly described. Each side of these square or polygonal dies A A¹ or B,
is formed with a separate tempered steel edge cutter a, a¹, or bb, with their
cutting adjacent horizontal and side edges projecting up sufficiently above their
respective bed plates A and B to allow of the full motion of the upper die A A¹, a, a¹,
so formed, down over and into the under die B B³, b₁, after cutting
the sheet material e into shape to crease or cap up the edge flanges, e² as
described, and as shown in Figures 5, 5 A, and 9, and 9A. These edge cutting
and stamping die plates a, a, and 661, are preferably secured by screws c and
bedded in checked recesses or slots c¹, or by flanges at cl to their main block
plates A A', and B, the screws c being fitted either through their sides or bottom
edges, preferably with sunk heads, all so secured that the cutting and pressing
die pieces a, a', and b, b, cannot move laterally by the strain of cutting or creasing
the sheet material e into shape. The under stationary die B, for making the said
square ends E of boxes, is formed with four such steel plates b, 1, cutting on
their outer face edges and ends b₁; and made of a thickness on their faces equal
to the depth of the flanges of the ends E, to be creased up and rounded on
their inner creasing or folding edges, and also form a hollow square B on their
inside equal to the extreme outer size of the end E of the box shown in Figure 6 A
to be creased; and which under one arrangement, Figures 6, 9, and 10, would
be formed hollow at B2, right down through the four die cutters b, b, and
plate B, rather widening on the insides towards the underside of the plate B,
so that each end or lid E, when so cut and creased within the under die B, b₁,
by the upper die A A¹, a, a¹, would be stripped off the inner or central shaping
block A of this, and delivered down through the recess B³ of the under die B, 6,

page_text: out into a receptacle for the purpose placed below the table plate D of the pressing
machine, and as indicated in Figures 9 and 10. The upper moving die A A¹, is
in like manner formed with four horizontal and vertical faced steel tempered edge die
plates a, a, cutting on their inner vertical faces and under edges, against the outer
and upper faces of the under die plates 66. The corners a³ of the two opposite
plates a', a¹, are made to cut away the corner pieces e¹ of the cardboard e, over the
ends 61 of the under four cutting plates b, 61. These vertical outer cutters a and a
on the upper die A, A¹, may either be screwed by horizontal and vertical flanges c¹¹
Figures 1 and 2, or be screwed to a checked projecting part at c¹, of the upper
block or plate A A', the outer plates a, a, and a¹, a¹, enclosing the whole four
sides of the die A A' in this case, as shown in Figures 7, 7 A and 8. A solid
projecting square block A', is formed or secured in the centre of the plate A,
inside these outer cutters a, a¹, rather less than the size of the bollow inside recess B³
in the lower fixed dies b, 6', and plate B, as say from all round to of 'an inch,
according to the thickness of the sheet material e to be cut and creased or compressed
by this central block A', and the inner surface of the under plates b, b', leaving a
vertical space at all between this block A¹ and the outer cutting plates a, a¹, for the
under cutting plates b, b, to pass up into, and within which space or spaces
all the
flange edges are so creased up. This central block A', of the die A A, a, a,-bas
its lower pressing horizontal end or surface an eighth of an inch or so below the
surface of the cutting edges of the plates a, a¹, so as first to cut and then crease and
compress or turn up the jointing flanges e², of the cut end E of the box, down into the
recess B² of the lower die B bb, after it is shaped; and thus deliver the ends E of the.
boxes, formed all as before stated, down through the recess B2 of the lower dies bb,
and plate B B2, at each downward reciprocation of the upper die A A¹, a, a¹. In
this manner we form a composite die or dies for both cutting and bending or
capping up the jointing edge flanges of boxes or canisters at the same operation.
Guides d, d', are preferably fitted or secured on one or more sides of the upper
or lower dies A A¹, a, a¹, or B B¹, 6 b¹, working through slots &, d, in the lower
or fellow die plate A to set and steady each piece of the cardboard or sheet
material e to be cut and shaped over the under die B B¹, b 61; or other special
guides may be used for this purpose fitted in recesses in the plates A or B of the
dies, with india-rubber, spiral, or other springs, so as to be pressed in by the
moving die and recede with it, to form projecting guides for the setting of the
sheet material e to be cut and creased.
For making the top ends E E¹, which have to be glued to the canister cases E³
as shown at Figures 5, 5 A and 6 A, and so require to have a round, or it might
te square hole E¹ formed through them, the dies have to be somewhat modified.
In making such small ends E with holes E¹ through them, as shown in Figure 5,
the lower die B, Figures 3 and 4, might have a solid central part B formed on it,
to which the cutters 6 61, would be screwed, and have a movable plate B³ fitted within
these on a central guide stem C and spiral spring C, and have a sharp round
cutter A³ secured in its upper surface the size of the hole E to be cut out of
the card end E by the first downward pressure of the shaping block A¹ of the
upper die A A¹
As seen in Figures 1 and 2, this upper die A A', would have a
central spring plate a³ mounted on a stem and spiral spring at, within the central
block A, which would have its inner cutting edges around the plate a³ the same
diameter as the cutting plate A³, in the lower plate B³, so that as the block A³ comes
down, the part e cut out of the hole E¹ of the card E, would pass into the recess over
the plate a³; and the spring plate B³, in the lower die B would be pressed down on its
spiral spring C while the lower edge plates 6 61, were capping up the edges e² of the
end E within the recesses all around the sides of the block A of the upper die ;
and the end E so creased and finished would be pressed up out of and delivered
over the top of the lower die by the plate B³ and its spiral spring C, while the
piece e cut out of the cardboard end E would be pressed out of the upper die
by its spring plate a³, and both be pushed away by the new card e fed in, between
the dies, to be cut; or the dies might be secured by their plates A and B, to an

page_text: angled framed press, as shown in Figure 11, when the delivered ends E¹ and
their cut out pieces el would fall down into a receptacle at the side of the press.
Referring to Figures 9 A and 10 A, as for making larger sized ends E with
holes E¹ in them, as shown in Figures 5 A; the lower die B B2, 6 61, is under
another modification formed or fitted with a moving horizontal square die plate B³,
within its central space B2, having a round recess B¹¹ through it, with cutting
edges on the inside, the size of the hole E¹, to be cut through the centre of the
end E of the canister form of box, as shown in Figures 5 A and 6 A; and this plate B³
is by one arrangement mounted on moving studs or stems C, with a cross plate C¹,
and a fixed plate C³, secured to fixed standards C³, with a strong rubber or
spiral spring Cmounted in the centre between the moving and fixed plates C³, C²,
on a central guide spindle C, all so as to maintain the cutting plate B³ level with the
four cutting and shaping dies 66', outside, forming the square. Then, in this case,
the upper die A A', Figures 7 and 8, has a round, or it might be square, cutting die A³
screwed or otherwise secured in the centre of the beforementioned fixed centre block A',
which has its surface the thickness of the sheet material e to be cut below the
surface of its outer cutters a, a'. This said central round, or square cutting die A³,
projects the same height or slightly beyond that of these outer cutting dies a, a¹, and has
its outer cutting edge or edges the same size as the inner cutting edges of the moving
plate die B³ in the lower die plate B B2, 6 b', Figure 9 A, all so that the downward motion
of this upper die A, A', would cause this central cutting die plate A³ to cut out the said
round or square hole E' in the centre of the sheet material e of the end cover E
at the same time as the outer cutting dies a, a¹, cut and shape the outer edges e
over the lower cutting dies bb, down over these, the piece e¹¹ cut out of the hole E¹
passing down through the hole B in the spring plate B, while the dies bb, bend
up and crease and shape the edges e2 of the end E of the box up into the recesses all
round the block A¹ over the spring cutting plate B³ in the lower die B b b¹,
and which would be pressed down along with the central shaping plate A¹ of the
upper die A A', a, al; and as the upper die A A¹ rose, the lower spring plate B³,
would force up the finished end E E, and deliver it over the top of the lower
cutting dies 61, as shown in Figure 9 A, from which it might be pushed away by
the card material e being fed in, or the lower die B and its bed plate D might be
set at such an angle that the finished end E might fall away by gravitation over the
top of the die B and bed plates D as shown in Figure 11. It is to be understood
that round ends of boxes and canisters, whether solid or with recesses through them
as described, and illustrated in Figures 13 A and 14 A, may be cut and punched, and
have their outer flanges e, embossed up in the round and ring constructions of com-
posite dies, as shown in Figures 12 to 15, equivalent to the square dies'described in
reference to Figures 1 to 11, at the same operation or single reciprocating motion of
the upper die A A¹, a, a'. The lower stationary plate die B, Figures 13 and 14, is
formed with a vertical annular cutting and shaping or ring die 6 61, and has a width
of horizontal face equal to the depth of the flange e, and made to cut on its outer
edge b' all round; while its inner edge being slightly rounded would cap or emboss
up the flange e by and while the upper die A A¹, was coming down, with its outer
annular ring cutter a a', correspondingly cutting on its inner edge a¹ over the under
ring cutter bb, and in its further descent cause its central flat faced cylindrical
shaping die A¹ to press down the cut disc E or E2, and cap or emboss up the edge
flange out of the sheet material e fed in between the upper and lower dies, as
shown in Figure 15, and actuated all otherwise as described in reference to that
Figure and to the square ends of boxes and canisters. In embossing or capping up
the rim flange e out of the solid cut disc e of cardboard (after being cut by the
adjacent cutting edges a¹, 61, of the upper and lower die rings a and b respectively)
by the descent of the centre pressing block A¹ of the upper die A A' within the inner
or hollow cylindrical surface B of the lower die B, Figures 13, 14, and 15, we form
a continuation of this internal surface die at B2 below the plate B, and table D, or we
secure a copper or brass tube B to it, as shown at z, for a heating tube, a little larger
inside at 6¹ than the upper shaping die part b, to strip the capped ends E, as so

page_text: formed, off their upper shaping block A¹, as it ascends. This tube B thus receives
these cap flanged ends E, E in a series, as they are formed, as indicated in
Figure 15, where they are heated by a Bunsen ring or gas jet burner z, (with a gas
pipe, and regulating top) fitted round the outside of the delivery tube B, or other
equivalent heating arrangement, to heat it and the flanged edges e² of the cupped
ends E of card board e, so as to dry and harden them for a short time after they
have been compressed to make them keep their shape before being delivered at
the lower end B of the heating tube B into a receptacle placed below it for
receiving them. Although these improved constructions of composite upper and
lower dies, have only been described and illustrated for making the square and
round cardboard ends of boxes or canisters, it will be understood that they are
equally applicable for making other rectangular or polygonal and oval or other curved
or corrugated shaped ends of boxes or canisters, and that these improved dies might
also be used for cutting and shaping or embossing the like shaped ends out of thin
sheet tin plate or other ductile metal, only requiring to alter the shapes and sizes of
the parts of the dies to suit the form of the box or canister desired and the thickness
of sheet material to be used. And although only single duplex lower and upper dies
have been described for forming one end E of a box or canister at a time, out of the
sheet material e, it is to be understood that long under and upper die bed plates may
be formed in like manner, to take in strips of a corresponding length and width of the
pasteboard or plate material e to punch and form at each operation as many ends out
of these strips with as little waste as possible between them, as shown in Figures 16
and 17 on Sheet 1. For as many ends of boxes or of canisters as were to be formed
at one time, there would be sets of the upper and lower vertical cutting and em-
bossing tempered steel plates a, a¹ and 66, and dies A A' and B sliding and
working vertically over and into each other, fitted and screwed into longitudinal
and transverse recesses or slots c¹, formed for them in their said lower stationary
and upper moving die bed plates B and A A¹, or with flanges cl for the screw
bolts c securing them thereto, to cut each end E of the boxes and turn up or
crease and emboss their flanges e³, all substantially as described for forming the single
ends of boxes and canisters in the single composite cutting and embossing dies,
described in reference to Figures 1 to 11. But in this case where the box or canister
lids E are formed close to each other, within the recesses B³,-short separating
transverse cutters a' of blade steel are fitted and secured in slots mado for them in
the upper die plate A, between the centre blocks A', forming the adjacent ends E,
and in a set of short die cutters a on each side, for cutting the corner parts e¹ away,
of the flanges e, in each lid E; and the middle lower end cutters b, b, would bo
secured from 1 to of an inch apart, leaving a narrow space or groove b* between
them in the lower die B, so that the thin transverse vertical cutting steel-blades a*,
secured in the grooves in the said short corner cutters a² of the upper die A, would
cut down into the said recesses 6, between the lower cutter dies ¹, ', to cut and
separate each lid E, with only a waste of sheet material e between the ends E, equal
to the thickness of this blade cutter a. The construction and action of these long
upper and lower dies A A¹ a a', and B b b would otherwise be all substantially as
described in reference to the dies for cutting and embossing a single end E at a time,
and the equivalent parts are indicated by corresponding reference letters. In the cutting
and stamping machines for the use of these dies, whether employed for making a
single or a series of ends E, the lower die plates B would be screwed or otherwise
secured to a fixed standard or table platform D vertically, as shown in Figure 15, or
as shown in Figure 11 at an angle for the better delivery of the shaped or finished
ends E. And the reciprocating upper die plate A, A', would be secured to one or
more slide blocks D' in an upper standard or frame D', projecting up from and over
the lower table or bed plate D, two slide blocks D2 being necessary, one at each end
of the machine for securing the opposite ends of the upper die to, by screw bolts as
at A*, or to one long sliding block with double connecting rods N, N, as used in our
improved machine hereinafter described in reference to Figures 19 to 21. All so as
to reciprocate the upper die plate A A¹ in a vertical line to and over the lower die

page_text: plate B, to give the actions all as described in reference to and shown in Figures 11
and 15, the slide blocks D³ being reciprocated in guides D¹¹¹ of their standards D¹, by
any ordinary powerful mechanical press motion, such as by the connecting rod or
rods For I³ from a special rotating crank or cam shaft F or 13 above or below, either
continuously rotating or that controlled by an ordinary hand or treadle lever mechanism
which puts this shaft into or out of motion by a stopping and starting clutch as at G,
when the crank and die are in their upward position for giving a pause sufficient for
feeding in the cardboard or other sheet material e between the dies, to form the
ends E of the boxes or canisters, or deliver them as described in reference to
Figures 11 and 15; or more powerful lever or hydraulic presses may be used when
these were preferred for heavier and larger kinds of work. We however lay no
claim to the construction of any of these ordinary reciprocating cutting and stamping
presses, or those which we have had occasion to describe and illustrate in Figures 11
and 15, in order to specify the mode of putting our invention into practice. Although
these multiple dies, Figures 16 and 17, have only been shown and described for
making the square ends E of boxes without holes E' through them, it is to be
understood that they are equally applicable for making the ends of other polygonal
shapes of boxes, or of round, oval, or curved boxes; by making and securing the
vertical edge cutters and shaping plates a, a', and b, b', to their respective body die
plates A, A¹, and B, in number and shape to suit the polygonal section of the boxes
desired, and fitting into each other, all otherwise substantially as shown, and
described in reference to these Figures 16 and 17, and to Figures 7 to 10
for the single polygonal dies, also to Figures 12 to 14 for round oval,
or other curvilineal sections;, but when these latter are employed, it will not be
necessary to have the said cutting or separating steel knives or plates at and
recesses in their respective dies, as the upper outer ring dies a a', would be
fitted as close together as possible, to leave strength of metal between them,
the discs out over the under ring dies 6 b', placed concentrically below them, and
leave the least possible waste of the sheet material e between each cut disc E, the
waste material being pressed down over the outside of these under ring dies b, b₁₂..
and either cut away by cutters below, or drawn up by the raising of the upper die A,
and removed from over the lower die B, at the same time as putting in the new
sheet e to be cut. And further, when these square, polygonal, or round ends are to
be formed with holes E through them, each die block A', would have a central
cutting plate A³ secured in it, as shown in Figure 7, and each recess B³ in the lower
die B, bb, would be fitted with a fellow or corresponding cutting and removing
ring B³, and spring arrangement C to C, as shown and described in reference to
Figures 9 A and 10 A for cutting and removing the lid piece e¹¹ out of the end E',
and delivering it down through the central recess B² of each divisional lower die,
and delivering each end E, E', up over the top of its cutting plates b, b¹.
cut
Referring to Figures 18 to 21, on Sheet 2-A further improvement of our inven-
tion consists in the mode and means of, or arrangement and combination of mechanism
for, shaping or creasing and folding the side body parts E3, Figure 6 A, of square or
other polygonal boxes or canisters, out of cardboard, pasteboard, or other sheet
material at the angles or corners e², e*. One construction or arrangement of this
mechanism or machine as suitable for folding and compressing a number of the sides E
of square shaped boxes, out of their sheet material e, as say five of these e at one time,
as indicated in Figure 20, consists all as follows:-In mounting a table platform,
preferably formed of two shifting plate frames K, K', at a proper height on two main
open side or end frames L, well secured together by cross stays L¹, and to the floor
at Z, and which carry the main working parts and fittings of the machine. These
table plates K, K¹, are planed on top and on the underside at their ends K", where
they slide and are secured on the upper front and back planed T-slotted edges L" of
the end frames L, the heads of the securing bolts K sliding in the T slots L
These top plates K, K¹, have deep planed vertical flanges K' on their inner adjacent
faces strengthened by brackets, so that these plates K, K¹, may be set and fixed at any
desired moderate distance apart, and the flanges K, K³, form between them a long

page_text: parallel vertical shaping or pressing deep chamber K³, the whole length of the
plates K, K', and flanges K', in the centre of the machine and side frames L, L and
suitable for the different desired sizes of box cases E³ to be formed. Over this long
central shaping recess K³ between the plates K, K', a long horizontal parallel creasing
and shaping square bar or mandrel M, is mounted, the same size in transverse section
as the inside size of the sides E' of the square box or canister Figure 6 A required to
be formed, and which would be screwed or otherwise secured at its ends M', in strong
sliding blocks M², reciprocated in strong planed slotted slide guides M₁, formed or
secured at and over the end frames L, L, supporting the bed plate K, K². To give
this motion, the upper ends of two connecting rods N, outside the end frames L, are
shown jointed by adjustable screws and nuts n to these slides M2, while their lower
ends would be jointed to crank pins N', in slotted adjustable cranks N³, secured on the
outer ends of the main rotating shaft N³, mounted in bush bearings at N" in the end
frames L, L, below, for the purpose, all as will hereinafter be described. The shaping
mandrel M thus rests or pauses in its highest position when the crank pins N¹ are in
their highest position as shown in this position in Figures 18 to 20, an inch or more
above the fixed plate table K, K. This duplex or composite stationary plate shaping
table or die K, K¹, K³, has mounted in planed sunk recesses two folding or creasing
plates k, k¹, reciprocated transversely a short distance parallelly over the inner edges K³,
of the shaping plates K, K¹. The several pieces of pasteboard or sheet material e,
previously cut to a proper length and breadth, are fed in or placed by hand through
below the pressing bar M, when it is raised over the plates k¹, transversely up against
a guide plate or bar i, set and secured by thumb screws over the front plate K.
This shaping or creasing bar M is reciprocated down, by its cranks N' N² and con-
necting rods N, N, between the inner edges of the upper moving folding plates k, k',
and the sides K' of the fixed shaping die plates K, K¹, below, and which is made in the
form of a creasing and shaping die box at K³, set wider on each side of the shaping
bar or mandrel M, to the extent of the thickness of the cardboard or sheet material e.
All so that as the shaping mandrel M descends, it compresses and folds the sheet
material e down into the shaping box or faced plate dies K³, K³, as seen particularly
in Figure 21, over a bottom pressing plate M reciprocating within the chamber K,
and pressed down by the block M the act of creasing and forming the box sides E³,
against the power of the spiral, or it might be other, springs m, mounted on rods m',
secured to the underside of the plate M³, and working down through guide tubes m²,
secured in top of brackets m³ projecting up from the floor Z over the shaft N³, and
also within the spiral springs, which press up the plate M³ as the mandrel M rises
and delivers the pressed case E³ up above the box K³ and plates k k¹. To be able to
crease and shape the sides E³ of different sized boxes, Fig. 6 A, as say from two
inches to eight inches square, the shaping mandrels M for these different sizes, would
be made capable of being secured at their ends M₁ M₁ to their raising and lowering
reciprocating slides M³, and the side plate frames K, K', of the outer shaping dies K
would be made in the form of broad horizontal table plates K, K¹, as shown in
Figure 18, the whole length of the machine over the side frames L, L, with the vertical
planed sides K2, K2, next the mandrel M as deep as to form the shaping die box K³,
to receive the largest shaping mandrel M, to be used, in its lowest position when the
upper surface of this mandrel M, would be level with the upper surface of the die
box K and under surface of the creasing plate k, k¹; and the table plates K K',
would be so mounted with the before mentioned slots L" and screws K to the top
of the side or end frames L L that they may be easily fixed or set and screwed to any
exact position towards the reciprocating mandrel M, to suit the particular sized
mandrel, and the box E³ to be folded for the time being. Upon the upper and inner
face of these fixed die box plate frames K, K¹, or recesses in them, two long planed
strong steel plates k, k¹, are fitted to reciprocate inwards, in slotted guides at ¹¹,
simultaneously from opposite sides when the mandrel M is in its lowest position, so
that the lower rounded front inner edges of these plates k, k¹, when pushed forward
over the mandrel, would crease or fold the sides of the cardboard or sheet material e

page_text: down tight on the top of the mandrel M, all without "scoring" or cracking the card-
board, as shown particularly in Figure 21. On the side of the mandrel M where the
narrow jointing flange e' of the cardboard e is so folded over, a shallow recess is cut or
slotted at e in the upper face of the shaping mandrel M, to the depth and width of
the said flange of the cardboard e so as to ensure the perfect square parallel shape of the
box outside when folded and jointed; and a raised ridge or rib might be formed along the
top of the mandrel M to prevent the upper side of the box E3 being folded down in
the path of the opposite plate k' creasing the jointing flange e; or instead of a raised
rib, the upper edge of the back plate k', might be. rounded to prevent the upper side
of the box E³ from being folded down, as shown in Figure 21. Under the shaping
mandrel M the long spring bed plate M³ is fitted to reciprocate on the vertical guide
spindles m¹, m, m³, with stops m" and two spiral or other springs m under it, so as
to cause this plate M³ to rise and fall with the under face of the shaping mandrel M,
and grip the underside of the paist-board or sheet material e while being folded
between them, and deliver the folded sides of the box E³ up flush with the top of the
lateral moving and folding die plates k, k¹, and so as to allow them to be easily removed
from the mandrel M, and other cardboard sheets e inserted when the mandrel rose to
its highest position above the die plates as herein before described. The said lateral
reciprocation of each of these upper folding die plates k, k¹, is effected under one
arrangement by two vertical large and small beam lovers 1, 1, the former I, I, fulcrumed
on the rocking shaft 1, and the latter to strong studs at 11 secured in the sides L
of the frames; the upper ends of the levers 1, 1, being connected by links to snug
studs projecting down from the plates k, k¹, respectively working through the
slots in their bed die plates Kk, K¹ k¹. These levers and are so connected to
each other on opposite sides of the frame, by the cross connecting rods 1, jointing the
upper arm of the former with the lower arm of the latter, as to reciprocate them and
the plates and A', to which they are connected, simultaneously in opposite directions;
that is to say, first, inwardly towards each other, to fold the angle of the upper side,
and that of the corner jointing flange e of the cardboards e, over the groove e in the
shaping mandrel M at the moment it is moved to its lowest position, as described in
reference to and shown in this position in Figure 21, and where it would
pause for a sufficient time to effect this while the two cranks N¹. N'
were passing their lower dead centres. Then both sets of levers and their
plates would recede outwards from each other, and leave the upper edges
of the plates k, k¹, in line with the vertical internal sides K of the shaping die
box K³, so as to allow the mandrel to rise to the top with the shaped cases e E³ on
it to have these removed, and fresh card shapes e inserted, and have the first two
folds or corners e³ of the cardboard case E³, e, formed at the first part of the next
descent of the mandrel M, in passing the upper edges of the plates
and k¹,
which
would be slightly removed for this purpose. The lower arm of one of the two
actuating levers 1, 1, of these folding plates k, k¹, extends down nearly in a line or
plane with the central horizontal crank or cam shaft N³, so as to be reciprocated as
described, by a connecting pin with antifriction roller on its inner lower end at o,
and which works into a positive acting grooved cam o¹, o², keyed on the shaft N³.
The groove of this can is made concentric round the greater part of its circumference
at o', to maintain the upper ends of the levers 1, 1, and the plates k, k¹, which they
move always outwards in their wide position, as shown in Figure 19, to give time for
the downward and upward motion of the mandrel M, as described, except during a
sixth part or so of its revolution or circle, where the groove o' is formed with a
projection o², which moves the plates quickly in and out, so as to give the cardboard
cases E their said upper folds during the same short part of the revolution of the
cam and crank shaft, which maintains the shaping mandrel M in its lowest position,
all set and fixed in relation to each other to effect that purpose. When cranks N*
are used (instead of cams) on the ends of the crank shaft N³ to actuate the end
connecting rods N of the vertical reciprocating slides M2 of the horizontal shaping
mandrel M, each crank pin N' would preferably be fitted in slots in its crank N

page_text: with shifting securing screws, to be able to set and fix the crank pins N¹ to give any
required throw or crank motion suitable for the size of box bodies E³ to be made,
and of the shaping mandrel M to be used in the machine. Instead of adjusting the
length of the connecting rods N, by the adjusting screw studs and nuts n at the top
ends of the connecting rod, as shown in Figure 18, to suit the size of mandrels M to
be used and their position within the shaping box frame K2, K2, K³, this may bo
done by fitting the crank pin bushes in slots in the lower end of the connecting rods
and adjusting their acting ends by a screw pin or otherwise, so that the bushes always
acting on the bottom of the slots, the cranks N would bring down the connecting
rods N, N, and the mandrel M by the positive downward action of the crank, to its
lowest position, to shape and compress the cardboard cases E³, whatever the throw of
crank might be for the time being. To prevent the connecting rods and shaping
mandrel falling below the position they were pulled to by the crank pins and bushes
sliding in their slots; adjustable pinching screws or other equivalent might either be
fitted on the outer lower ends of the connecting rods for setting so as to act on
the upper sides of the crank pin bushes, or pinching screws might be fitted in a
fixed part of the frame to act on and stop the bottom plate M³, in the shaping box
die K in its lowest position. And to prevent concussion by the action of the
cranks N2 in bringing tho mandrel M, and plate M³, to their lowest downward
position, plates with indiarubber or strong springs might be fitted over these
adjustable pinching screws to maintain the mandrel M in its lowest position.
Instead of using these shifting slotted cranks N2, and crank pins N¹ described and
shown for giving the varions throw of crank to suit the different sizes of box
cases E³, and shaping mandrels M, positive acting cams might be employed either
of different sizes, or made stepped of different sizes on one cam boss, and each
keyed or otherwise fixed on to the opposite ends of the cam shaft N³ to suit
the different sized mandrels M and boxes or canister cases E³ and the requisite
pause to the mandrel at the top and bottom strokes respectively, for the reinoval
of the folded cases E³ and the insertion of new cardboard or sheet material e,
and the folding in of the upper side and flange end e when the mandrel was in
its lowest position all as hereinbefore described. The main crank and cam shaft N³,
which is carried in bush bearings N", near the end cranks N2, in the side frames L, L,
of the table platform K, K', is preferably driven by a large spur wheel O keyed on
it inside these frames, through a corresponding small pinion O¹ keyed on a first
motion shaft 0², carried in bush bearings O", in one of the frames L and in a pillow
block 0³, and driven at a high speed by fast and loose pulleys P mounted on its
outer end actuated by a belt P₁ from any motive power or counter shaft of the
works where the machine had to be operated; the belt P' is shown as shifted
by a hand lever P2 with shifting belt fork P" secured on it, and fulcrumed at
its lower end Pul near the end frame L, and working in a retaining spring
guide P³ attached to end of frame convenient for the attendent to set the shaft
in or out of gear, and stop the machine when the cranks N' are in their highest
position, so as to remove the folded and shaped cases E3 and insert a new set of
sheet forms e to have these shaped at each down and up stroke of the shaping
mandrel M within its fellow hollow shaping die box K2, K³, all as herein before
described. The first crank motion shaft N³ of the machine might however be
driven by the ordinary construction of disengaging stop clutches used in many
stamping presses such as used and indicated at G in Figure 11 for setting them
off or on, either by a treadle or hand lever to stop the dies in their upward
position, for the feeding in of the sheet material or removing the shaped articles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :--
First. The construction, or arrangement and combination of the parts, of upper
and lower combination dies, for the cutting or punching and compressing or
shaping of the square or polygonal ends of boxes or canisters out of cardboard

page_text: or other sheet material individually at one operation either with or without
openings in the centre, substantially in the new or improved manner and for the
advantages herein described and distinguished in reference to Figures 1 to 6,
and 7 to 11 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The construction, or arrangement and combination of the parts, of upper
and lower dies, for the cutting or punching and embossing or capping of the circular,
elliptical or curvilinear ends of boxes or canisters out of cardboard or sheet
material individually at one operation, substantially in the new or improved
manner and for the advantages herein described in reference to and shown in
Figures 12 to 15 of the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The construction, or arrangement and combination of the parts, of upper
and lower multiple combination dies, for the cutting or punching and compressing,
or shaping of a number of the square or other shaped ends of boxes or canisters
out of cardboard or other sheet-material at one operation, either with or without
openings in the centre, substantially in the new or improved manner and for the
advantages herein described in reference to and shown in Figures 16 and 17 of
the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The general construction, or arrangement and combination of the parts,
of a compressing machine for creasing or folding and shaping a number of the
sides or the body parts or cases of square or polygonal boxes or canisters out of
card-board or other sheet material, at one operation, substantially in the new or
improved manner, and for the advantages herein described in reference to and
shown in Figures 18 to 21 of the accompanying Drawings.
1
.