Improvements in Gas and Oil Motor Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1894
.omplete Specification Left, 15th Nov., 1894-Accepte 1, 15th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Motor Engines.
I JOSEPH SOUTHALL of Woodleigh Selborne Road in the City of Worcester
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
--
My invention relates to gas or oil motor engines. The supply and exhaust
valves of the engine are similar to those described in my Specification No. 1203
A.D. 1892, but according to this invention the pressure stored up in space B to
lift the valve, for exhaust is released by means of a passage which is uncovered
to atmosphere by the piston as it approaches the end of its instroke. The
pressure to lift the valve may also be obtained by putting space B (by means of a
passage uncovered by the piston as it approaches the end of its power outstroke)
in connection with the pressure existing in the cylinder at such time.
A non return valve in the passage preventing such pressure escaping until
released by the passage opened to atmosphere by the piston as it approaches the
end of its next instroke.
If oil is the motive agent, on the charging stroke commencing, the suction of the
piston first draws during a moment of time, the desired quantity of oil, or oil and
air in the form of spray into a vapouriser, the remainder of the stroke serving to
introduce air only, via the vapouriser into the cylinder, both the oil and air being,
if desired, previously heated by passing them through passages formed in some
heated portion of the engine. The ignition of the charge is performed by:
admitting at the proper times a portion of the compressed charge either to a tube
heated by a Bunsen gas flame, or direct to a flame burning in a chamber which is
closed up at the time of ignition, but is open to the atmosphere, to support its
combustion, during another portion of the cycle; this flame is either a gas or oil
lamp flame and the heat therefrom can be utilised to heat the vapouriser, a master
light is also advantageously kept burning to relight the flame if by chance it
becomes extinguished. If a gas flame is used I prefer to arrange the ignition
apparatus in such a way that the pressure of the gas which supplies the flame is
kept, during the time the connection is open from the cylinder thereto, about equal
to the pressure existing in the cylinder, this I do by forming the burner for the
flame on a piston which when moved causes a check valve in its gas supply pipe
to close, thus compressing the gas enclosed between it and the piston and raising
the pressure to the desired extent. I thus provide for making an oil engine which
has its ignition and the heating of its vapouriser performed by ordinary gas, or an
engine in which oil only is used without the aid of any separate pump, blower
or fan.
Dated this 15th day of March 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Oil Motor Engines.
I JOSEPH SOUTHALL of Woodleigh Selborne Road in the City of Worcester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the '
following statement: --
My invention relates to gas and oil motor engines and is made clear by the
accompanying drawing. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a cylinder arranged to
:
3

page_text: use oil as the motive agent, if arranged to use gas an ordinary self lifting gas
and air supply valve is substituted for the valve V, the exhaust valve V is lifted
by the pressure generated by the explosions acting on the underside of the
piston P¹ the release of such pressure allowing it to close again either by its own
weight or if preferred by the action of a spring, the pressure to lift the valve Vi
is conveyed to the rear of the piston P¹ by a passage A uncovered by the piston P
as it approaches the end of its power outstroke a non return valve preventing the
escape of the pressure until released through the passage C which is put in com-
munication with the atmosphere by the piston P as it terminates its exhaust
instroke, it will be evident that this pressure might be equally well released by a
small valve opened to atmosphere at the proper time by a cam on the crank shaft
of the engine. If oil is the motive agent, on the charging stroke commencing the
suction of the piston as the valve V lifts draws the desired quantity of oil from a
reservoir through the admission slot D into the vapouriser E and as the valve V
continues to lift the slot D is closed and air is drawn in through the valve F
supporting the combustion of the flame F¹, which may be either a gas or oil lamp
flame, in its course and proceeding via the slots G into the vapouriser E where it
takes up the oil vapour and passes into the cylinder through the holes H; on the
compression stroke taking place the valves V and F close and the lamp flame,
which also helps to heat E, ignites the charge by a simple touch hole J or by an
ignition tube inserted at J heated by it. At starting the flame F¹ is lighted and
the valve F propped up so as to allow air to pass in, the passage K is also opened
enabling the flame to burn and heat the vapouriser E. If a gas flame is used to
perform the ignition I prefer to arrange the apparatus as follows:-In the drawing
this apparatus is shewn on the top of the cylinder whereas it actually would be at
the side, L is a box piston working in a casing M, in the position shewn two slots,
see Fig. 2. which is a cross section, one at the top and the other at the bottom of
the fitting give access to the air to support the flame burning at the burner formed
inside L which is fed with gas through a pipe N; O and Q are two holes com-
municating with the cylinder, on a compression stroke occuring the hole O allows
the pressure to act on the front end of L overcoming a spring so adjusted that at
a desired moment the travel of L closes the air slots and opens a communication to
the hole Q through which a little of the charge rushes into L and ignites the
main charge at the gas flame burning therein, the pressure of gas to keep this
flame alight is secured by the gas compressed to a high degree in. the space R,
before the next compression stroke occurs the pressure on the front of L has
escaped again through O allowing the spring to draw L back into its first position,
the master light S, Fig. 2, serving to relight the burner in L if its flame should
have been extinguished; if desired the piston L can be operated by a cam instead
of by the pressure of the charge as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
(1) In a gas or oil motor engine the use of an exhaust valve arranged to
operate substantially as described.
(2) In an oil motor engine the use of a valve vapouriser and lamp arranged
substantially as described.
(3) In a gas or oil motor engine a flame igniter constructed substantially as
described and having its flame fed with highly compressed gas at the moment of
ignition.
(4) In an engine using oil as its motive agent, the use of coal gas for performing.
the ignition and vapourising the oil or either of them.
Dated this 14th day of November 1004
JOSEPH SOUTHALL.