Improvements in Nap or Pile Raising Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Dec., 1892-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nap or Pile Raising Machines.
We, WILLIAM EVANS, of Swinton, in the County of Lancaster, Finisher, and
HARRY MILNER, of North Dean, Pendlebury, in the said County, Bleacher, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is designed to provide an improved machine for raising or
splitting the nap on velvets, plushes, seals, beavers, stockinettes, flannelettes and
other similar goods either in the dry or wet state.
In carrying out the invention we construct a frame of any suitable form to
carry the several parts of the mechanism.
In the front of the machine is placed a card covered roller of suitable size to
pass the material into the machine. Above this roller are two stationary beds or
straight edges one behind the other and situated somewhat lower than it, to allow
for the proper fall of the cloth while passing from the cylinder.
A card covered cylinder is placed above these two beds or straight edges at a
convenient distance to operate upon the material as it passes over them and above
the cylinder working into or in contact with it is another card roller which keeps
the cylinder clean and grinds it always keeping it sharp.
To adjust the cylinder to different thicknesses of cloth a distance piece of tin or
steel sheet may be inserted or it may be raised and lowered by screws or other
device.
The beds or straight edges are both fixed stationary and the cylinder is mounted
in movable or sliding journals so that it can be raised or lowered by a treadle or
other lever to allow for the metallic clips which connect one piece with another to
pass under. For seals and plushes or other pile fabrics in the wet state a steam
heated drying cylinder may be added to the front over which the material passes
before reaching the beds and cylinder.
At the back is placed a cloth covered roller to carry the piece away when
finished. The several rollers are geared to work from a driving shaft or
otherwise.
The card roller in front feeds the cloth in over the stationary beds where it is
acted on by the cylinder. The beds being stationary and rigidly fixed the cloth
is held more firmly and the card acts upon it to raise the surface without removing
the picks. The two beds being set with a division or space between them certain
kinds or qualities of cloth may if desired be caused to pass over only one bed.
The piece passes through the machine in the same direction as the cylinder
turns and the nap is raised or put up as it passes between the cylinder and the beds.
We consider that the following advantages are gained by our invention over
existing machines for the same purpose.
(a) It will not require stoppage for cleaning and sharpening as it cleans and
sharpens itself.
(1) The cost of the machine and the expense of maintaining it will be much
less.
(c) It will require very much less power to drive and can be attended by au
unskilled operative.
(d) It will raise or get up the nap either in a wet or dry state and give a better
finish to the cloth.
Dated this 27th day of February 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & CO.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.

page_text: WILLIAM EVANS, of Swinton, in the County of Lancaster, Finisher, and
HARRY MILNER, of North Dean, Pendlebury, in the said County, Bleacher,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention is designed to provide an improved machine for raising or
splitting the nap on velvets, plushes, seals, beavers, stockinettes, flannelettes, and
other similar goods either in the dry or wet state.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings of a machine constructed according to the invention.
Fig. 1. side elevation.
Fig. 2. front elevation.
Fig. 3. longitudinal sectional elevation.
Fig. 4. longitudinal sectional elevation of double machine for raising both sides
of the cloth at one operation.
The machine is constructed with a framing A of any suitable size or con-
figuration. In the front is placed a card covered roller B to pass the material at
the required speed into the machine to the raising cylinder C.
Above or behind the roller B (preferably in the position shown) are placed
two rigid straight edges E and F. The straight edge F is placed at a distance
behind the straight edge E and somewhat lower than it with a rod e between them
to guide the cloth from the one to the other and to provide for the proper fall of
the cloth as it passes from the raising cylinder C.
The straight edges E and F are preferably of the triangular form shown with a
narrow edge at top by which the cloth is presented to the teeth of the raising
cylinder C as it passes over them. These are arranged on a fixed or stationary
bracket a attached to the side of the frame and are adjustable thereon relatively to
each other.
The card covered raising cylinder C is placed above the two straight edges at
a convenient distance to operate upon the material as it passes over their edges.
Above the cylinder C working into or in contact with it is another card covered
roller D which cleans or removes the nap which collects upon the cylinder and
also serves to grind the wires and keep them sharp.
The height and position of the cylinder C may be regulated or adjusted in any
convenient manner at present we prefer to mount it on pivoted levers G which can
be raised and lowered by screws at one end and by screws g at the other end
and can also be moved backwards and forwards by screws y placed at one end and
thus the position of the raising cylinder in its relation to the straight edges E
and can be accurately adjusted. A treadle H with levers h and connecting
rods are connected to the pivoted levers G which support the raising cylinder C
in order that the attendant can at any time quickly raise the roller when
desired.
For raising seals plushes or other fabrics in the wet state a steam heated drying
cylinder may be added to the front of the machine over which the material will
pass before coming in contact with the raising cylinder C. Such a cylinder would
preferably be placed in front of the card covered taking in roller B. A similar
heated cylinder may also be used where it is desired to smooth or lay any loose
fibres before passing the fabric on to the raising cylinder.
The cloth covered roller I is placed towards the back of the machine or in any
convenient position to carry the piece away from the straight edges when finished
and from this roller it passes over a plaiting roller J.
Referring to Fig. 4 in which a double machine or machine for raising a nap on

page_text: both sides of the fabric at one operation is illustrated the front part of the
machine is similar to that already described and similar parts will be indicated
by the same letters. In the back part of this machine the positions of the
raising cylinder C' and the straight edges E' and F are reversed to place the raising
cylinder in contact with the other side of the fabric. In this case the raising
cylinder C is journalled on bearings in the pivoted lever G₁ mounted on the
frame A and the straight edges E' and F' are affixed to the frame the relative
positions of the two being adjusted in a manner similar to that already described a
balance weight being provided to hold the cylinder up to its work.
It will further be obvious that a double machine or one to raise both sides of
the cloth may be constructed with all the parts shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 merely
duplicated the second set placed either behind or above the first set and the raising
cylinders rotating in opposite directions so that the cloth can be passed first
forwards and then backwards through the machine a different side being presented
to the raising cylinder.
A machine of double width may also be constructed to take two pieces of cloth
side by side the straight edges and different rollers with the exception of the raising
cylinder being of one length or connected together so as to be driven from one end,
the raising cylinder will however be separate so that either can be lifted out of
operation without moving the other.
The card covered taking in roller B feeds the cloth forward into the machine
over the stationary straight edges E and F and as it paeses over the narrow edges
thereof the wires of the raising cylinder act upon the fibres and raise the desired
nap. The straight edges being stationary and rigidly fixed the cloth is firmly held at
the point of contact with the cylinder and the card acts upon it to raise the surface
without removing the picks. The two straight edges being set with a division or
space between them certain kinds or qualities of cloth may if desired be caused to
pass over only one straight edge. The piece passes through the machine in the
same direction as the cylinder turns and the nap is raised or put up as it passes
between the cylinder and the straight edges.
We consider that the following advantages are gained by this invention over
existing machines for the same purpose.
(a) It will not require stoppage for cleaning and sharpening as it cleans and
sharpens itself.
() The cost of the machine and the expense of maintaining it will be much
less..
(c) It will require very much less power to drive and can be attended by au
unskilled operative.
(d) It will raise or get up the nap either in a wet or dry state and give a better
finish to the cloth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a machine for raising nap or pile on the surface of woven fabrics the
combination of the taking in roller, adjustable raising cylinder and two stationary
and rigidly fixed straight edges over which the material passes aud by which it is
brought in contact with the raising cylinder substantially as described.
2. A machine for raising nap or pile on the surface of woven fabrics constructed
with the several parts arranged and in combination substantially as described and
shown.
Dated this 21st day of December 1800
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.