Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 23rd Dec.,
1899
following statement:—
In the drawings,
Figure 1, is a diagrammatic plan of street car trucks with the novel braking
devices in position.
Figure 2, is a side elevation, partly in section, showing the same devices.
Figure 3, is an enlarged axial section of the clutch, the adjacent operating
devices being in elevation.
Figure 4, is a view looking from the right in Figure 3.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, are detail views.
This invention relates to that class of brakes in which the brake-shoes are
brought into action through throwing into engagement a friction clutch upon
one of the axles, and the novelty is found principally in the clutch and the
means for operating it.
Practically, devices of this class have proved unsatisfactory largely because
oil, dust, and oil-saturated dust accumulate upon the friction surfaces--a diffi-
culty eliminated by this invention.
In the drawings, A represents the outline of a car body, A¹ the bolsters,
B the truck frame, B' the wheels and 12 one of the axles, all without novelty.
At one end of the car is a vertical, centrally pivoted brake-lever C, having
its lower, short arm connected to a brake-operating rod C, and at the other
end of the car is a brake-staff having above a horizontal removable hand-
-lever C3 and below a short arm C connected to a second brake operating rod C
These two rods are attached to opposite ends of a centrally pivoted bar C, and
from one end of this bar a connection C runs to devices for throwing into
action a certain friction clutch connected with a drum sleeve 1), normally free
to slide and rotate upon the axle B. A cable winding upon the drum,
passes over a pulley 12 and returning is connected to one arm of a centrally
pivoted lever 13 whose opposite arms are connected in the usual way to rods D
operating brake-beams, not shown.
A ring E, concentric with the axle and having a plain side surface E is
rigidly secured to the axle by arms outside of its plane and projecting from a
hub keyed to the axle. An analogous ring is rigidly fixed to the drum
sleeve by a web without the ring's face plane, and is provided with an annular
recess formed by annular flanges F¹ on its side face to receive the ring E.
Between the opposing faces of the two rings is placed a loose annular disc F2
of leather or the like. The drum sleeve D projects beyond the plane of the
two rings and has, beyond this plane, a circumferential flange D.
It is essential to have that part of the axle upon which the drum sleeve
works well lubricated, and to this end the drum is provided with an internal
annular oil reservoir D° from which absorbent-filled channels D6 lead longi-

page_text: tudinally along the surface of the axle to the more distant end of the sleeve.
Such oil as may escape from the nearer end of the sleeve for the most part
drops from the flange D³, yet some small portion creeps up the flange and dust
collects forming an ever increasing capillary mass. But the weight of the
mass causes it to break off before it becomes injuriously large in amount, and
as it falls, to pass out between the arms, the flange F¹ throws it away from the
rings, to which moreover these flanges leave small chance for dust to enter.
It has followed in practical use of the devices that these rings very rarely
need any attention whatever.
At the opposite end the drum sleeve has a plane face which normally rests
against an upwardly open U-shaped member G and against a forked saddle H
which fits between the branches of the member G and whose pendant
branches H extend below the axle. Over the 'main portion of the saddle rests
a forked lever I whose branches I¹ extend downward in contact with the
branches H, and near the middle each branch of the lever has a projection I²
which rests against the member G. Between the branches H' below the axle
is placed an oil reservoir J provided with a wick J¹ to raise oil to the axle,
with a lateral projection to support the member G, and with forked lugs to
rest upon a readily removable rock-shaft K which passes through the
branches H, I, forming a fulcrum for the latter. The saddle H is prevented
from rotating or tilting by a projection H2 and a bar H³ extending therefrom
to the truck frame. The saddle and forked lever are held against moving
from the drum sleeve by a split sleeve L clamped to the axle, further secured
by a dowel L, and having on the meeting faces of its halves engaging pro-
jections to keep the halves in exact relative positions. Obviously if the upper
end of the forked lever be forced toward the drum sleeve, the projections I2
press the member G forward, slide the sleeve and bring the clutch into action,
to wind the cable upon the drum. It is so swung by the connection C which
engages the free end of a lever M, turning upon a large cylindrical portion N
of a bolt N and provided with spiral cam faces M¹ to meet corresponding faces
on one side of the upper part H of the saddle H. This bolt has a squared
portion N loosely fitting in a square aperture in the part H, a smaller cylin-
drical part N passing loosely through the upper part, I, of the lever I, and a
threaded terminal portion upon which works a nut 0 locked in any desired
position by a pin or cotter passing through the bolt and engaging in slots in a
sleeve 02 formed integrally with the nut. The saddle prevents rotation of
the bolt. Now, when the lever M is swung in the proper direction, since the
sleeve L prevents the saddle from yielding, the bolt slides and the nut pressing
against the part I the forked lever is swung on the pivot K and the clutch is
engaged, the combined multiplication of power by the lever M and the screw-
like cam faces giving almost any desired power, the necessary sliding move-
ment of the ring being only a small fraction of an inch.
It is obvious that this brake is practically instantaneous, that none of the
novel devices interfere with the attachment of ordinary hand brake connec-
tions, and that changes in construction can be made without departing from
my invention. From this last consideration, I desire to claim my invention
broadly as well as specifically.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination with a car axle, of a sleeve mounted to slide and revolve
upon the axle, an encircling friction ring borne by said sleeve, a co-acting fric-
tion ring rigidly connected to the axle itself, an. annular shield or flange inter-
posed between the shaft and said rings to protect the latter from oil, and means
for forcing one ring against the other.
2. The combination with a car axle, of a revoluble sliding drum sleeve upon

page_text: the axle, an encircling friction ring borne by the sleeve in a plane between its
ends, a coacting friction ring rigidly connected to the shaft by arms extending
over the adjacent portion of the sleeve at some distance without the latter, an
annular flange projecting outward from that portion of the sleeve within the
arms, and means for forcibly sliding the sleeve upon the axle.
3. The combination with a car axle, of a sliding, revoluble drum sleeve upon
the axle, an encircling friction ring borne by the sleeve in a plane between
its ends and provided with annular flanges projecting, parallel to the axle, at
the margins, respectively, of the ring, a second friction ring fitting between
said flanges and supported from the axle itself by rigid armis projecting from
the axle over the adjacent end portion of the sleeve, an annular flange upon
said end portion and means for forcibly sliding the sleeve upon the axle.
4. The combination with an axle, of a drum sleeve mounted to slide and
rotate upon the same and having a circumferential flange in a plane between
its ends, a friction ring supported from the sleeve at some distance from said
end, a second ring rigidly supported, alongside the first, from a part of the
axle beyond said end of the drum sleeve, and means for forcing the drum
sleeve and its ring toward the rigidly supported ring.
5. The combination with a car axle, of a friction clutch mounted upon the
axle and having a sliding drum sleeve member, a collar upon the axle, a saddle
interposed between said member and collar, a lever pivoted upon the saddle
to swing parallel to the axle and force said member toward its companion, a
second lever swinging transversely with reference to the axle and having a
lateral cam face working against the saddle to move the lever bodily parallel
to the axle, and a bolt or link connecting the second lever to the free end of
the first.
6. The combination with the axle, the friction clutch thereon and the sleeve
fixed to the axle at a short distance from the clutch, of the forked saddle
between the clutch and sleeve, the forked lever passing over the saddle, a
removable oil reservoir between the branches of the saddle, a wick raising oil
therefrom to the axle, and a removable fulcrum rod passing through the branches
of both saddle and lever and supporting said reservoir.
7. The combination with the axle, of the friction clutch having one member
sliding thereon, the saddle held against lateral movement by connection with
the truck frame and resting upon the axle at the end of said member, the
forked lever pivoted to the saddle and acting to slide said member, the bolt
sliding in the upper portion of the saddle and engaging the free end of said
lever, and a second lever revolubly mounted on said bolt and provided with
cam faces acting against the saddle and by reaction moving the bolt longitu-
dinally and thus actuating the forked lever.
8. The combination with a car axle, of a friction ring of larger internal
diameter encircling the axle and rigidly supported therefrom by arms at one
side of its own plane,-a-drum-sleeve-mounted to slide and rotate-upon-the cxle
and provided with an annular, internal recess forming an oil reservoir through
which the axle passes, a second friction ring co-acting with the first and sup-
ported in an analogous manner from said drum sleeve, and an external, annular
flange projecting from said drum-sleeve between the planes of the supports for
the two friction rings.