Improvements in, and in the Manufacture of, Sheet Metal Candle Sticks.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1900-Accepted, 29th Sept., 1900
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in, and in the Manufacture of, Sheet Metal
Candle Sticks.
I, ROBERT HENRY HEPBURN, of 49, Stanhope Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of sheet-metal candle sticks, and its
principal object is to effect the assembling of the component parts without
soldering.
In carrying out one form of my invention, in connection with a candle stick
surmounted by a grease tray carrying a candle-gripping device, the stem or pillar
of the candle-stick is made from a blank of sheet metal having hollow ribs or
channels formed near the opposite side edges, so that when the blank is fashioned
into a tube, with its end edges either overlapping or forming a butt-joint, the
said ribs or channels form annular stop collars near the two ends, to one of which
ends the grease tray is secured. This tray is made up of two component parts
or blanks, the lower one consisting of a centrally pierced dish-shaped blank with
its outer edge formed into an out-standing flange, whilst the piercing is of a
size suitable for taking over the stem or pillar up to the underside of the top stop
collar. The other component part consists of a tray-shaped blank having an
inverted trough or channel at the outer edge, so as to form, both a beading sur-
rounding a middle sinking or depression of the tray and an annular socket for
the reception of the flanged edge of the first named blank. The two blanks are
secured together and the bottom one is kept up to the stop collar on the tubular.
stem, by closing the metal at the edge of the one blank over the edge of the other.
The open top of the tubular stem may be internally supported against col-
lapsing, either by a washer or equivalent dropped therein and lying or seated
within the channel of the stop collar, or by forming a sinking in the top side of
the tray which makes a hanging boss to socket into the open top of the tubular
stem. Or the depression or boss may be surrounded by a raised part forming an
annular channel into which the top edge of the stem takes.
The under blank of the grease tray is introduced onto the tube by first slightly
reducing the diameter of the same by causing the edges to overlap to an abnormal
extent and then again allowing it to expand, in which position the tube is pre-
served by the socketting in or introduction of the closing together of the top and
bottom sections of the grease tray.
Below the lower stop collar the metal is continued into an annular lip which
takes through a hole in the centre of a slightly domed or bossed middle part of
the tray or stand of the candle-stick, and the stop collar comes up to the said
boss, whose hole is of the same diameter as the lip end, which has its edge turned
outwards so as to form an annular channel between itself and the inner side of
the middle dome, whilst fitting into the lower open end of the tube, is a closure
and internal support in the form of a hollow stud or plug with a right angle cir-
cumferential flange at its bottom edge, of a diameter a little less than the dome,
but a little greater than that of the turned over lip of the stem tube, so that on

page_text: the several edges being closed together, the edges are made to wipe up the in-
clines formed by the underside of the dome and curl themselves over the lip and
under the bead of the stem, thereby closing the edges of both the plug and the
tray between the lip and the beading or stop collar of the tubular stem.
In a cheap form of candle-stick in which the edges of the tubular stem abut,
the lip end of the stem may be simply rolled and closed over the edge of the cen-
tral hole or piercing in the tray or the dome or middle boss surrounding the said
hole, whilst instead of the edges of the tubular stem simply overlapping as
described, they may be connected together by any suitable form of joint, but in
every case, stop collars are formed at the ends for determining the proper posi-
tions of the grease tray and 'stand.
That part of my invention relating to the connection of tubular stems to bottom
trays or stands is equally applicable to ordinary candle sticks, whilst in applying
my invention to ordinary candle sticks in which a grease tray is applied to the
mouth of the socket, I form the tray from a suitable blank, pierced about the
middle, and slip the same onto the lip' end of the tubular stem, up to the stop
collar, and then turn over or expand the said lip onto the metal surrounding the
hole in the middle of the tray. The bottom of the socket may be formed by a
dropped in disc whose edges rest upon an internal shoulder or beading formed in
the stem, whose sides' may be either taper or parallel according to the shape of
the socket required.
The rotation of the assembled parts may be prevented by forming suitable
means, such as a teat or projection on the one to engage in a depression of the
other, or by collectively indenting them, or otherwise.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1899
ROBERT HENRY HEPBURN.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in, and in the Manufacture of, Sheet Metal
Candle Sticks.
I, ROBERT HENRY HEPBURN, of 49, Stanhope Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates, to the manufacture of parts of sheet-metal candle sticks,
and its principal object is to effect the assembling of the principal component
parts without soldering.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents an elevation of a candle-
stick surmounted by a grease tray carrying a candle-gripping device, in which
the principal component parts are connected together or assembled without sol-
dering in accordance with my invention.
Figure 2 represents a complete vertical section of the said candle-stick and its
grease tray, with the candle-gripping device being shown in elevation.
Figure 3 represents a topside plan of the candle stick, and Figure 4 shows an
underside plan of the tray.
Figure 5 represents, upon an enlarged scale, a sectional view of the connection
between the stem or pillar and the tray, showing the fastening parts assembled

page_text: ing parts.
Figure 6 is a similar sectional view to Figure 5, but with the joint or con-
nection completed.
Figure 7 represents, upon the same scale as Figures 5 and 6, a section of the
upper part of the candle stick, showing how the component parts of the grease
tray are connected together and also secured to the upper end of the pillar
or stem.
Figure 8 is a view showing (upon the same scale as Figures 1 to 4) the whole
of the component parts separated or dis-assembled from one another and in sec-
tion, except the candle-grip, which is represented in elevation.
Figure 9 shows the blank (in the flat) from which the stem or pillar of the
stick is made.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawings.
The candle-stick represented in the drawings comprises a bottom tray or
stand, a stem or pillar b, a grease tray c surmounting the said stem, and a
candle-gripping device d (of any suitable construction) carried upon the said
grease-tray. In making up such a candle stick in accordance with my invention,
the stem or pillar is made from a blank of sheet metal 61 (represented separately
in Figure 9) having hollow ribs or channels 62, 63, formed near the opposite side
edges, so that when the blank is fashioned into tube (see Figures 2 and 8) with
its end edges 64, 65 either overlapping as represented in the said figures, or form-
ing a butt-joint, the said ribs or channels form annular stop collars 66, 67 near
the two ends 68, 69, respectively, to one of which ends, viz., the upper one 68, the
grease tray c is secured. This tray is made up of two component parts or
blanks ',, the lower one c¹ consisting of a dish-shaped blank with a central
piercing, and with its outer edge formed into an outstanding flange c4, whilst
the piercing is of a size suitable for taking over the stem or pillar up to
underside of the top stop collar 66. The other component part 2, consists of a
tray-shaped blank having an inverted trough or channel, at the outer edge, so
as to form both a beading surrounding a middle sinking or depression 6, of the
tray and an annular socket for the reception of the flanged edge c, of the first-
named blank. The two blanks are secured together and the bottom one is kept
up to the stop collar on the tubular stem, by closing the metal at the edge of the
one blank over the edge of the other, it being understood, that the bottom blank c',
is placed onto the stem before being connected to the top blank.
The open top end of the tubular stem is internally supported against collapsing
by means of a washer or sheet-metal disc e, dropped therein and lying or seated
within the internal channel formed by the upper beading or stop collar 66, whilst
a further stay or support for the said tube may be provided by forming a sink-
ing in the top side of the tray which makes a hanging boss to socket into the
open top of the tubular stem. The depression or boss is surrounded by a raised
part 8, forming an annular channel 9, on the underside of the top blank, and
into which the top edge of the stem takes.
The under blank of the grease tray is introduced onto the tube by first slightly
reducing the diameter of the latter by causing the edges to overlap to an abnormal
extent and then again allowing it to expand, in which position the tube is pre-
served by the introduction of the washer or internal support prior to the closing
together of the top and bottom sections of the grease tray.
Below the lower stop collar 67 the metal of the stem is continued into an annular
and curved lip f, which is passed through a hole a¹, in the centre of a slightly
domed or bossed middle part a2, of the tray or stand a, of the candle-stick, up to
the stop collar 67, with the space between the said curved lip and the curved
underside of the dome forming an annular channel g for the reception of a beaded
or lock-fast joint (made by a curling process as hereinafter described) between
the stem and the tray, whilst fitting and socketting into the lower open end of

page_text: the stem, is a closure and internal support h, in the form of a hollow stud or plug
with an up-turned circumferential Hange, forming an annular gutter or
channel, into which the curved lip f of the stem dips, with its edge f¹ impinging
against the curved bottom, whilst the edge ³, of the circumferential flange h¹,
impinges against the curved under surface at the start of the dome a², so that
when force is applied by a pressure tool to the closure plug, the stem and tray
being meanwhile held fast, the edge f¹ of the lip is, by its impingement on the
curved inner surface of the annular gutter h², made to curl itself up and form
an inner beading (see Figure 6), and at the same time by the impingement of
the edge ³, of the flange against the curved under surface of the dome a², the
said flange is also curled inwards and made to form an outer hollow beading
enclosing the inner beading. By this closing and curling process, a lock-fast con-
nection or joint is made between the tray, the end of the stem and the closure
plug, and, incidentally, the stop collar or beading 67 is slightly closed as repre-
sented in Figure 6.
The joint may, or may not, be concealed by a cover ring, such as i, secured to
the stem and tray, or to either of them, in any desired way.
This method of producing a lock-fast connection may be applied as a means of
connecting grease-trays, sockets and like parts to the upper ends of the stems of
candle sticks, and instead of employing a hollow stud or plug to form the closure,
I may employ a cap or a ring of any suitable section to fit into the open end of
the stem, so long as it is provided with a curved channel or surface for the lip or
extension of the said stem to impinge against.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
First: Connecting together the component parts of sheet-metal candle sticks,
without soldering, by arranging them with the edges of a certain part or parts
impinging against the opposed and curved or equivalent surfaces of another part
or parts, and then, by the application of pressure, curling the impinging parts
up into beadings, whereby a lock-fast joint is produced, substantially as herein
described, and also as set forth in the accompanying drawings.
Secondly-Connecting trays or like parts to the stems of sheet-metal candle-
sticks, without soldering, by means of a plug, cap or ring inserted into the open
end of the shouldered or collared stem and having a curved channel or gutter
against which a lip or extension of the said stem impinges, whilst the edge of the
said gutter in turn impinges against a curved surface of the part to be attached,
the said impinging parts being so arranged that on the application of pressure,
they are curled up into beadings and a lock-fast joint is produced, substantially
as herein described, and also as set forth in the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly-In the manufacture of sheet-metal candle-sticks; connecting together
the component parts of grease-trays, and securing them to their stems or pillars,
without soldering, substantially in the manner herein described, and also as set
forth in the accompanying drawings.
:
Fourthly In the manufacture of sheet-metal candle sticks; securing together
the principal component parts without soldering, and in the manner and by the
means substantially as herein described, and also as set forth in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 20th day of July 1900
ROBERT HENRY HEPBURN.
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicant.