An Improved Process of Transferring Phototypes to Lithographic Stones.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1888
Specification Accepted, 6th July, 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process of Transferring Phototypes to Lithographic
Stones.
I, OTTO KREBS, of Pittsburg, in the County of Allegheny, Pennsylvania, in the
United States of America, Lithographer, do hereby declare-the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement
My invention relates to an improved process of transferring phototypes to litho-
graphic stones, and it consists in printing an image by means of a photographic
negative upon a plate, which has been suitably prepared to receive the image, then
taking an impression from the plate upon a sheet of paper which has been saturated
in a solution of gelatine, chloride of calcium, glycerine, chromate of alum and water,
and then the impression so taken on the paper from the plate is transferred to a litho-
graphic stone, all of which will be more fully described hereinafter.
A photograph is taken of the object, the image or likeness of which is to be
transferred to the lithographic stone. A plate of any suitable material is then taken
and coated upon one side with a solution of the proper consistency composed of
albumen, soluble glass, and filtered water. The plate is dried after having been
coated with this solution, and is then washed for about thirty minutes with filtered
water and again left to dry. After having been dried the second time, the plate is
exposed to a heat of about 45° R. for a suitable length of time, and is then given a
second coat with a solution of gelatine, bichromate of potash, bichromate of ammonium,
alum, and filtered water, and is again exposed to a temperature of about 45° R. to
become heated.
The plate thus prepared is exposed to the light under the photographic negative,
and after having remained exposed to the light passing through the negative a
sufficient length of time to make the desired impression, the plate is again washed
with water containing ammonia and alum. The plate is then removed to a litho-
graphic press and inked in with a roller in the usual manner, the ink used for this
purpose consists of wax, tallow, resin, mastics, varnish, and lamp-black.
A sheet of paper of suitable size is then saturated in a solution of ten paris of
gelatine, five parts of chloride of calcium, two parts of glycerine five parts of chromate

page_text: of alum, and water enough to give the solution the proper consistency. After the
paper has been dried, it is moistened in a weak solution of water and tannin to harden
it, and to prevent it from sticking. The sheet of paper is then placed upon the
plate in the lithographic press and the image on the plate impressed upon the paper.
The impression thus obtained is transferred to a suitably prepared lithographic stone,
and the work on the stone is dampened with water containing a little muriatic acid.
Then the stone is covered with a thin solution of gum arabic. left to dry an hour or
two when it is inked with printers ink, and is ready for the lithographic press to be
printed from in the usual manner.
The preparation of the plate is conceded to be old and no invention is claimed for
this part of the process.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner, the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
The process of transferring phototypes to lithographic stones consisting in first,
taking a photograph of the object; second, printing the photographic image of the
negative upon a plate which has been suitably prepared; third, taking an impression
from the plate upon a sheet of paper which has been saturated with a solution of
gelatine, chloride of calcium, glycerine, chromate of alum, and water, and fourth,
transferring the impression from the prepared paper to the lithographic stone,
substantially as set forth.

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Mar., 1889
I, REGINALD HADDAN of the firm of Herbert & Co. Patent Agents of 18 Buckingham
Street Strand W.C. London in the County of Middlesex Civil Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me from abroad by Franz
Neswadba of Ottakring near Vienna in the Empire of Austria, Manufacturer, to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to file cutting machines in which an air cushioned hammer is.
driven by connecting rods and cranks from a rotary shaft, and the improvements
consist in the provision for the adjustment of the shaft of the chisel holder according
to the thickness of the file, in peculiar devices for fixing the file on the carriage,
and in devices for adjusting the chisel so that a more or less inclined cut may
be made.
The machine comprises a suitable stand or frame having a bed for the file carriage
and two parallel standards for guiding the hammer block and cylinder forming the
air cushion for the piston connected to the hammer block. The air cylinder is con-
nected by rods with cranks on a shaft journalled in the frame and provided with the
usual pulleys, flywheel, etc.-The chisel is carried in a suitable frame on a rock shaft
and to enable it to be adjusted according to the thickness of the file, the said rock shaft
is journalled in blocks, vertically displaceable in guides in the frame. The chisel has a
circular cross section of shank and is held in a vice in its frame, it may therefore be
set at any angle-Furthermore to set it at an inclination, the vice is journalled in the
frame, and carries a toothed sector in which a worm wheel gears for setting the same-
To lift the chisel off the file after each stroke the following mechanism is provided.
In the frame is pivoted a lever adapted to be struck and deflected by the air cylinder
or otherwise in relation to the movement of the hammer head. On this lever is an
adjustable, incline, serving as an abutment for a set screw on a crank arm on the rock-
shaft of the chisel frame-When the hammer
deflected the inclined plane abuts upon the
rocking the shaft and lifting the chisel frame.
block and air cylinder rise the lever is
set screw and deflects the crank arm
Since the lifting of the chisel from the

page_text: face of the file should always be equal and files are sometimes made of tapering
thickness, a series of levers are provided to be moved by or in connection with the
file to slide the aforesaid inclined plane upon the lever carrying it, and thereby alter
its relative attack on the arm of the chisel frame, so as to lift the latter to a height
according to the thickness of the file as it passes beneath the chisel-The bed may be
inclined and the file carriage guided in shears therein and operated by a rotary screw
spindle in the known manner-In the one end of the carriage is supported on
trunnions a block in which the end of the file may be fixed, on the other end of
the carriage is a sliding abutment or detent, which may be driven down towards the
file by a screw spindle-Mechanism is also provided for adjusting the cushion of air
in the cylinder: A valve is provided and a pivoted lever to control the amount of
opening thereof The lever is adjusted by a screw engaging therein and having a
hand wheel or the like for convenient operation..
Dated this 22nd day of May 1888