IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING FOR STEAM ENGINES, CYLINDERS, AND OTHER PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF FABRICS AND LEATHER
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
JOHN HAINES, of John Street, Commercial Road East, in the County of
Middlesex, Leather Pipe Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourteenth day of
June, One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the twelfth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Michael John Haines, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Michael
John Haines, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said
Michael John Haines, my exors, adññors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING FOR STEAM ENGINES,
CYLINDERS, AND OTHER PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE
TO THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF FABRICS AND LEATHER;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Michael John Haines,
should cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date

page_text: of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Michael John Haines, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon; that is to say:-
My Invention consists of manufacturing-packings for steam engines, and for
other purposes where the pistons, piston rods, or other moving parts require to
be fluid tight, by causing several surfaces of fabric made from fibrous materials
to be cemented or combined together, so as to obtain the form of packing
desired.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to; describe the means pursued by me.
The fabric made of fibrous material which I prefer for the purposes of my
Invention is strong canvass, but other manufacture of fabrics from fibrous
material may be employed, and the form of packing may be varied; but I will
describe those which I prefer.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figures 1 and 2 shew a side view and plan of a packing for a piston. It
consists of a series of horizontal layers of canvass or other suitable fabric,
cemented together by cement which will not be injuriously acted on by the
steam, vapour, or fluid which the packing is to be subjected to.
Figures 3 and 4 shewa side view and plan of a similar packing for a piston,
but it is composed of a series of thicknesses of fabric cemented together, and
parallel to the central axis. .
Figure 5 shews a plan, and Figure 6 an elevation, of another packing
suitable for a stuffing box, the layers of fabric being nearly parallel to the
central axis, and is made by winding a fabric into a cylinder; but the same
might be made of a series of layers of fabric in a horizontal position, or at
right angles to the central axis, in those packings which are intended for
pistons. The rings of packing thus made are divided with inclined cuts, so that
they may be expanded in diameter from time to time as they become worn. In
packings which are to be used for stuffing boxes and such like purposes, where
the rod or instrument moves within them, a helical cut or division is made, so
that they may be contracted in diameter as they wear. In making up these
packings it is important that the vapour or fluid in which they are to act, or be

page_text: subjected to, should not have any prejudicial action thereon. For this purpose
I employ, when for steam, or for hot water, or for spirits or vapours of spirits,
two parts of india rubber (caoutchouc) dissolved in turps (at the rate of one
pound of india rubber to six pounds of turps), one part of gum, thus dissolved
in rectified turps (at the rate of six pounds of gum, thus, to three quarts of
rectified turps), one part of gum damer jandrae, or juniper, dissolved in rectified
naptha (at the rate of one pound of gum to two pounds of rectified naptha),
one part of gum seymour, or mastic, dissolved in naptha (at the rate of one
pound of the gum to two pounds of naptha).
-I would remark, that I do not confine myself to the use of such materials for
the purposes of cementing 'fabrics' together, as variations may be made, and
others may be used, nor do I claim such matters as new for cementing fabrics;
and 'further, it is not essentially necessary that cement should be used to
combine the several layers of which a packing is composed, for, or in place
thereof, the several layers may be sewn together, but I prefer to use cement.
But what I claim is, the manufacture of packings for pistons of steam engine
cylinders, and other purposes; and also the packing for stuffing boxes of steam
engine cylinders; and other purposes, where the rods or instruments move in or
through the packings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael John Haines, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-nine.

page_text: En the Matter of a Patent granted to Michael John Haines, of John
Street, Commercial Road East, in the County of Middlesex,
Leather Pipe Maker, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PACKING FOR STEAM ENGINES, CYLINDERS, AND OTHER.
PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE MANU-
FACTURE OF WATERPROOF FABRICS AND LEATHER," bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourteenth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and forty nine.
DISCLAIMER proposed to be entered by the said Michael John Haines with.
the Clerk of the Patents of England, pursuant to an Act passed in the
fifth and sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty King William
the Fourth, intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters
Patents for Inventions."
I, the said Michael John Haines, do declare that since I obtained the said
Letters Patent I have discovered that the Invention which was intended to
have been described under that part of the title which is contained in the
following words, "part of which improvements are applicable to the manu-
facture of waterproof fabrics and leather," is not of such novel character as
would make it desirable to retain it in the said Patent, for which reason I am
desirous to, and do hereby, disclaim all that part of the title which is contained
in the following words, "part of which improvements are applicable to the
manufacture of waterproof fabrics and leather."
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael John Haines, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.

page_text: leave to the said Michael John Haines to file his said Disclaimer, pursuant to
the Statute passed in the fifth and sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty
King William the Fourth, entituled "An Act to amend the Law touching
Letters Patent for Inventions."