CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE WORKED BY, STEAM, OR OTHER POWER, APPLICABLE TO RAISING WATER AND TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1833

page_text: 120
AT BEDRAG no to of
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TO ALL TO WHOM, THESE, PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WHITE, of the Town and County of Southampton, Engineer and Ironfounder,
send, greeting..
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WHEREAS His, present most, Excellent, Majesty, King William the Fourth,
by: His Royal Letters, Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
datenat, Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-three, in the third year of His reign, did, for Himself,
His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John White, His
especial,,licence, sole, privilege and authority, that I, the said John White, my
exors,, admors,,and assigns, or, such others as I, the said John White, my exors,
admors, or assigns,, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
timer and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully,might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY TO BE WORKED BY, STEAM, OR OTHER POWER, APPLICABLE TO RAISING
WATER AND TO OTHER PURPOSES; in, which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, that I, the said John White, shall cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and, by the same, reference being thereunto had
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: to say):
My Invention relates to rotary engines for raising water, and when actu-
ated by steam will serve the purposes of steam engines, as will be fully
described hereafter.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is an end view of one arrangement of a rotary pump, the
cover or end (Figure 2) being removed, that the inner parts may be seen
more clearly; Figure 3 is a longitudinal elevation of the same, the framing
being in section, that the internal arrangements may be shown.
& 6, represent detached parts of the apparatus on a smaller scale.
Figs. 4, 5,
The same letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the figures; a
being a roller, and is what I call the driving roller, having four projecting
rings 6, 6, (see Figure 6), this roller a being thus divided into three compart-
ments c, c, c, to each of which compartments there is an induction way for the
passage of water into the compartments c, and also an eduction way for the
water to escape from the comparments c, as will be fully described hereafter.
d, d, d, (Fig. 1), are three pistons, one across each of the compartments c, see
Figs. 3 and 6. f is what I call the abutment roller, which is of the same
diameter as the roller a, and travels at the same speed with it by means of
two equal toothed wheels g, g, placed on the axle of each of these rollers a, f.
It will be seen that the roller f is divided into three parts, which accurately
fit into the compartments c, c, c; on each of the three parts of the roller fis
formed a recess at the part opposite its respective piston, and thus as the two
rollers revolve the pistons will successively come to the recesses formed on the
roller f, and as the pistons are of equal distances on the circumference of the
roller a there will at all times be two of the pistons acting when one of them
comes opposite its recess. Thus, in Figs. 1, 3, and 6, h is the induction way,
which is formed through the end of the roller a, and extends as far only as the
first compartment c, and is on one side of the piston of this compartment; i is
the eduction way, which is formed in the roller a, and proceeds from the first
compartment c to the other end of the roller a, and is on the other side of the
piston. It consequently follows that any water which may be in the first com-

page_text: partment c will, by the revolution of the rollers a and f, be forced by the piston
to pass through the eduction way i, as the water will be prevented passing
between the rollers a and fat the parts where they touch. With respect to
the second compartment c, it has an induction way formed in the roller a from
the same end of the roller as that to the first compartment, and this second
compartment c has also an eduction way which passes from the second com-
partment to the other end of the roller a, and a like arrangement is formed
for the third compartment. By this means the fluid is received in at one end
of the rollers, and passed off at the other end of the rollers, the induction and
eduction ways being formed in the roller a at the time of casting the same,
they being merely openings lengthwise with the roller a into the compart-
ments c, and from the compartments c to the other end of the roller a; but the
induction way and the eduction way to each of the compartments c are divided
by the pistons, so that the fluid cannot pass from one to the other till the
rollers have made a revolution; and thus the machinery or apparatus, when
worked for the purpose of raising or forcing water, by causing the rollers a
and to revolve by any power applied to one of the axles, becomes a very
efficient means of forcing water by. It should be observed that the lower part
of the casing k, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, should be accurately bored, and the rings on
the roller a packed in such manner as to prevent the passage of water from
one compartment to another. Fig. 5 shows a plan of the cylinder or casing k,
shewing the openings 1, 1, 1, for the passage of the three parts of the roller f to
enter the compartments c; over the roller f is placed the cover m, and the
same is bolted on to the cylinder k by means of flanches, as shewn in the
Drawing; and the parts coloured yellow are packings filling in the gaps formed
between the three parts of the roller f, having screws to adjust their pressure.
In Fig. 3, n is the induction chamber at one end of the machine, into which
open the three induction ways to the three compartments c; and o is the
eduction chamber, into which enter the three eduction ways i at the other
end of the roller a. Now, it will be evident that if the pipe p communi-
cate with a well, and rotary motion be given to either of the axles of the
rollers a, f, a constant stream of water will be constantly forced through the
pipe at 9; and it will be further evident that more or less compartments c
may be used, provided they have separate induction and eduction ways, as
above described.
Having now described one part of my improvements as they relate to raising
water, I will proceed to shew how the same may be actuated by steam, and
perform the purposes of a steam engine. And in this case the parts, as

page_text: described and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6, are to be constructed in like
manner to that shewn and described, but it will be necessary that greater care
should be observed in making the whole of the parts most accurate and steam
tight, and then it will also be necessary to provide means to lubricate the
various parts; and for this purpose I place the trough r, containing oil, having
proper openings to allow of the passage of small quantities of the same
constantly dropping on the upper roller f. The pipe p is to be connected to
a steam boiler, and becomes the steam pipe to the engine, and the pipe q is
connected to a condenser in case it be a low-pressure engine; but if a high-
pressure engine, then the pipe q is open to the atmosphere, and is the eduction
pipe for the escape of the steam after it has performed its operation in the
engine. The steam entering the pipe p fills the chamber n, and as the three
induction ways formed in the roller a, enter into this chamber, the steam will
pass into the three compartments c, and act on the pistons, the three parts of
roller f forming abutments against which the steam acts; but as the pistons
arrive at their respective recesses in the roller f, and have passed the steam
on the other side of the piston will pass through the eduction ways into the
chamber o, and thence to the condenser or to the open air, according to the
description of the engine.
The second part of my Invention relates to another arrangement of a
rotary engine for forcing water and other fluids, and consists of two screws
acting one in the other, and are caused to revolve with equal speeds by two
toothed wheels placed on the axis of the screws. This part of my Invention
is shown Figs. 7, 8, and 9; Fig. 7 being a plan with the upper part of the
casing removed; s, s, are a right and left handed screw, which are made to fit
as accurately as posible; the axes of these screws turn in bearings on each
end of the case t, as is shown in the Drawing, the casing being turned and
fitting to the screws s, s, as is shown by the end view, Fig. 8, the cover in this
Figure being removed. Fig. 9 is a side view; u is the suction pipe, and v,
the eduction pipe; w, w, the cog wheels on the axes of the screws s, s. It
will be evident that motion being communicated to either of the axes, and
thus causing the screws s, s, to revolve towards each other, the water coming
in at u, will be forced in the direction of the screw, and be forced out at the
point v.
'
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
constructing the same, I would have it understood that I am aware that
various attempts have been made to construct pumps and engines by means of
two rollers revolving together, the one having recesses and the other projecting

page_text: pistons. I do not, therefore, lay any claim to the same, but only the method
of forming or constructing the induction and eduction ways as above described,
whether the same be used for forcing water or as a steam engine as above
described.
And secondly, I claim the apparatus or engine shown at Figs. 7, 8, and 9,
consisting of a left and right handed screw combined and caused to revolve
together, and thus forcing water or other fluids as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John White, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of September, in the third year of the
reign of our Sovereign Lord William the Fourth, and in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-three.