IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Warwick, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Sewing Machine Manufacturer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SEWING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Warwick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1880.
JAMES WARWICK, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Sewing Machine
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
The object of this Invention is to enable a high rate of speed to be attained in
inaking a lock stitch, and my Invention consists in improved combinations of parts
to accomplish this object.
I employ a horizontal shuttle revolving in a circular race, which shuttle is driven
in a novel manner to obtain the necessary increase of speed to pass the shuttle
quickly through the cotton loop formed by the needle, and the requisite dwell or
pause whilst the thread is being taken off the shuttle by the needle. The ordinary
horizontal driving shaft is made in two pieces, which are connected together in the
following manner :-On each connecting end is a disc, and projecting from the face
of each disc is a stud or stud and bowl; between these discs is another disc or
round plate set out of centre with the driving shafts; this disc is provided with
two slots running towards the centre; the projecting studs above described take
into these slots, thus connecting the two halves of the driving shaft.
The disc with slots rotates in a bracket fixed to the machine.
The effect of this combination is to give the necessary fast and slow motion to
the shuttle.
The shuttle is connected to the driving shaft by a pair of bevil wheels or
otherwise.
The motion above described for obtaining the dwell and fast speed for the shuttle
may be applied to the needle in addition to the shuttle, or either may be so driven
independently of the other.
The shuttle may revolve vertically in place of horizontally, in which case the
bevil wheels will not be required.
The needle may also be worked, and the necessary fast and slow motion given to
the same for the shuttle to pass through the cotton loop by means of a cam on the
driving shaft, and the connection made between the needle and the cam by means
of a lever in the usual way, and thus dispense with the discs.
..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Warwick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd April
1881.
JAMES WARWICK, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Sewing Machine
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
The object of this Invention is to enable a high or rapid rate of speed to be
attained in making a lock stitch.
And my Invention consists in improved combinations of parts to accomplish this
object.
I employ a horizontal shuttle revolving in a circular groove, which shuttle is
driven in a novel manner to obtain the necessary increase of speed to pass the
shuttle quickly through the cotton loop formed by the needle and the requisite
dwell or pause whilst the thread is being taken off the shuttle by the needle.
The ordinary horizontal driving shaft is made in two pieces, which are connected
together in the following manner:-On each connecting end is a disc; projecting
from the face of each disc is a stud or stud and bowl; between these discs is
another disc or round plate set out of centre with the driving shafts; this disc is
provided with two slots running towards the centre; the projecting studs above
described take into these slots, thus connecting the two halves of the driving shaft;
the disc with slots rotates in a bracket fixed to the machine.
The effect of this combination is to give the necessary fast and slow motion to
the shuttle.
The shuttle is connected to the driving shaft by a pair of bevel wheels or
otherwise.
The motion above described for obtaining the dwell and fast speed for the shuttle
may be applied to the needle in addition to the shuttle, or either may be so driven
independently of the other.
The shuttle may revolve vertically in place of horizontally, in which case the
bevil wheels will not be required.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a sewing machine to which my Invention is applied.
a is the driving shaft made in two parts; al is the disc fastened on the portion of
the driving shaft on which the driving wheel is fixed, and b is a disc fastened on
the portion of the driving shaft which by the mitre wheels b and c gives motion to
the shuttle; d is a bracket, in which rotates the disc e, the centre of which is about
three sixteenths of an inch below the centre of the driving shaft; through the disc
e are two slots extending from the periphery almost to the centre; a stud a²,
fastened to the disc a, works in one of these slots, and a stud 62, fastened to the
disc b, works in the other.
When the stud a² is nearer the centre of e the shuttle is driven more rapidly
than when the same stud is further from the centre of e (as shown on the Drawing),
and by this means the requisite variation in the speed of the shuttle is
obtained.
On a stud of the upper part of the frame of the machine I fit a lever f, in one
end of which is an eye through which the thread passes; this end of the lever is
raised by a spring to slack the thread as the shuttle is going through the loop
made by the needle, and a stud on the arm, by raising the other end of ƒ when the
needle rises, causes this lever to tighten the thread and assist in drawing it into the
fabric.
Fig. 2 shows a front view of the discs a and b, with the slotted disc e in its
bearing d; the slots and studs are shown in dotted lines.

page_text: Figs. 3 and 4 show a side view and an end view of another way of performing
my Invention; the two parts of the driving shaft a are placed in suitable bearings
at different levels, and on the end of each is a disc in which a stud is fixed; these
studs are connected by a link i; one end of the link is fitted on the stud on the
disc a¹ and the other end of the link is fitted on the stud on the disc b; the portion
of the driving shaft on which bis fixed imparts motion to the shuttle by mitre
wheels, as shown on Fig. 1.
When the leading stud fixed on the disc a¹ is furthest from the centre of b.the
minimum speed is communicated to the shuttle, and when the leading stud on a¹
is nearest the centre of b the maximum speed is communicated to the shuttle."
Fig. 5 is a side elevation, and Fig. 6 is an end elevation, showing another method
of performing my Invention; in this case the variable speed is imparted to the
needle, but it may be imparted to the shuttle by a similar combination of parts.
The driving wheel ³ is fixed on one portion of the driving shaft a, and the
eccentric which gives motion to the needle is connected to or cast with the slotted
disc e'; fixed on the other portion of the driving shaft a at a different level on the
driving wheel is a stud a', which works in a slot extending from the centre to the
periphery of the disc e¹; when the stud a' is furthest from the centre of e¹ the
needle is down and driven at the minimum speed; when the stud a' approaches
the centre of e¹ the needle is driven more rapidly; the connecting rod that actuates
the needle lever is marked g.
The bearings for the shaft a are not shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, but they are
or may be cast with the frame of the machine.
The shuttle or the needle may be driven at a varying speed, or both the shuttle
and the needle may be driven at a varying speed, as herein shown and
described.
Having stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not limit myself to the
details described and delineated, as they may be varied without departing from my
Invention, and
What I claim is,-
1. Driving a revolving shuttle at a varying speed by a driving shaft made in
two parts connected substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.
2. Driving the needle at a varying speed by the combination of parts herein
shown and described.
3. Driving both the shuttle and the needle at a varying speed by the improved
combination of parts herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Warwick, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty first day of April, One thousand eight hundred
and eighty one.
JAMES WARWICK. (L.S.)