matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
An Improved fear.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 18th May, 1895.
An Improved fear.
I, JACOB LEOPOLD WALDAPFEL, of 73 Ehrenstrasse, Cologne, in the Empire
of Germany, Private Officer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a firebar, composed of fire-clay and iron, which is less.
subject to being burnt out than firebars heretofore in use.
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of two firebars
made in accordance with the invention, Figure 2 is a side view, and Figure 3 a.
plan of same.
Notwithstanding the trouble and ingenuity that has been bestowed on the
production of various kinds of firebars, no one has hitherto succeeded in producing
one which does not sooner or later burn out; but firebars constructed in.
accordance with the present invention effectually obviate this objection.
Referring to the drawings, the top or head a of each bar (which is the part
most exposed to the fire) is made of fire-clay, or other similar fire-resisting-
material, whilst the lower part 6 of each bar is made of cast iron. In order to
connect the fireclay top a to the cast iron bar b the former is provided on both.
sides with grooves d into which fit corresponding feathers or projections e formed
on the cast iron bar band on a clamping plate c which holds the fire-clay top a in
place. The said wrought iron clamping plate c is fixed to the lower part of the
cast-iron bar b by means of bolts or screws for other suitable means.
The fire-clay tops a are preferably made in pieces each about six inches in.
length and they are rounded on their upper side. The bearers for these bars may
be of any suitable kind, and I prefer to provide the bars b with distance pieces
about every 12 inches of their length.
at.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I.
claim is :-
The improved fire-bar consisting of a top or head a of fire-resisting material:
secured to a lower part 6 of cast iron by means of a clamping plate c and by feathers
or projections e on the parts b and c taking into the grooves d of the part a...
substantially as described.
AADIXYS
J. L. WALDAPFEL,
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent..
An Improved Device suitable for Inhaling, Disinfecting, Perfuming, and like Purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Device suitable for Inhaling, Disinfecting, Perfuming,
and like Purposes.
I, OTTO JOHANN JULIUS WITT, of 45 Schellingstrasse, Hamburg-Eilbeck,
Germany, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive device such
as can be easily and advantageously used for inhaling, disinfecting, perfuming and
like purposes. The accompanying drawing shows in central section, a device
suitable for this purpose. It comprises a receptacle a, of any desired shape and
material, from the interior of which lead two small openings and c of which
one, viz. c in the example shown, is, when the device is out of use, suitably closed
as by a plug d. Within the receptacle which is or may be made in two parts as
shown to enable it to be readily opened, is placed a core f consisting of porous
material soaked or impregnated with the substance to be inhaled or which is to be
used for disinfecting, perfuming or like purposes, the core being formed with a
passage g extending therethrough so as to correspond with the openings 6 & c in
the receptacle. When substances to be used for inhaling, disinfecting, perfuming
or like purpose can be brought into a compact state, the core may be made of such
substance itself.
When the device is to be used the plug must be removed from the opening which
it formerly closed, after which air can be drawn or blown through the receptacle,
such air in passing through the bore of the core becoming mixed or impregnated
with the substance with which the core is soaked or of which it is composed. The
air thus impregnated can be inhaled, or used for disinfecting or other purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A device suitable for inhaling, disinfecting, perfuming, or like purpose,
comprising a receptacle a formed with an inlet and an outlet and provided with a
core that is either soaked or impregnated with the substance to be inhaled or
which is to be used for disinfecting or like purpose, or is composed of such a
substance, and which core is provided with a passage 9 corresponding with the
inlet and outlet of the receptacle, substantially as described.
2. The improved device herein before described and shown in the accompanying
drawing for inhaling, disinfecting or like purpose.
Dated this 4th day of November 1905
Year: 1895

page_text: —I; SYDNEY¯PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, (a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Leopold Cassella' and Co., of Frankfort-on-Main, in
the Empire of Germany,) do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
The azo dyestuff deriving from the combination of diazosafranine and, beta-
naphtol, although known for many years, did not find any application in industry
in consequence of its being too difficultly soluble. In the German Patent 61692.it
has been described that by the action of acids the said dyestuff may be transformed
into salts which are sufficiently soluble to be used in the form of a paste for dyeing
purposes. In the method described in this. Patent, the combination. with beta-
naphtol was executed as usual in strong alkaline solution (see: 1st example)...
We have found that a product of much better. solubility is obtained, if the
formation of the dyestuff takes place without the presence of alkalies. Liebermann
has demonstrated (Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft Volume XVI,
page 2859) that alpha-naphtol, but not beta-naphtol may be combined with diazo-
bodies without the presence of an excess of alkalies; it could, therefore not be
expected that beta-naphtol would react similarly, and it was: surprising that diazo-
safranines should combine with beta-naphtol in. presence of a free organic acid,
especially acetic acid and carbonic acid.
By this method of combination purer products are obtainable, as the decomposing
Faction of alkalies upon diazosafranines which are very easily destroyed even by
carbonate of soda, is thus avoided, and it was further found that the thus obtained
products are directly soluble in water, and some of them so easily soluble that they
are only precipitated by addition of common salt.
Example. 35 kilograms safranine S are dissolved in 1000 litres water and by
means of 25 kilograms muriatic acid and 7 kilograms nitrite of soda transformed
into the blue easily soluble diazo compound. Separately 14,4 kilograms beta-
naphtol and 4 kilograms hydrate of soda are dissolved in. 1000 litres water and
weakly acidulated with muriatic acid, so that the beta-naphtol separates in a finely
suspended state. To this solution 20 kilograms acetate, of sodium and then the
diazo compound are added. After several hours the dye-stuff formation is
terminated, and the dyestuff is precipitated with salt water after a little heating.
As usual it is filtered off, pressed and dried. The reaction itself and its result
remain unchanged, if in this example bicarbonate of sodium is used in the place of
the acetate; care has only to be taken by maintaining a low temperature_that_the
solution is saturated with carbonic acid after the mixing of the two parts has taken
place.
As suitable safranines the pheno-safranines and the homologues as well as their
mono- and asymetrical dialkyl-derivatives may be used.
Dated this 16th day of February 1895.
Improvements in the Supply and Waste Fittings of Lavatory Basins, Baths, Urinals, Water Closet Pans, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Supply and Waste Fittings of Lavatory
Basins, Baths, Urinals, Water Closet Pans, and the like.
I SAMUEL BENJAMIN DIX of North Street Cheltenham in the County of
Gloucester Builders Materials Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
In the manufacture of lavatory basins baths and urinal pans and other sanitary
appliances of a like nature I make an addition to an arm at the waste or supply
which is not uncommonly manufactured as part of the sanitary appliances aforesaid
and which addition I will now describe.
I add a flange on the outside of the said arm (hereinafter referred to as the
angular flange) at a suitable angle from the said arm with holes through the said
flange to permit of a bolt being inserted whereby a metalic or rubber pipe may be
securely bolted to the said flange by the aid of an ordinary metalic washer; or I
add a flange parallel to the arm referred to (hereinafter referred to as the parallel
flange) thus making a groove of any suitable depth and either with or without a
curve on the outside of such parallel flange so as to form a neck supported by a
boss or projection of earthenware and either with or without a rubber cone or
a tow and red lead joint to secure the connecting pipe and prevent any possible
leakage.
In the manufacture of water closet pans the above described invention may be
equally as well applied at the connecting points with the flush pipe and waste pipe
respectively.
By means of the above invention I claim to provide a connection with the
aforesaid sanitary appliances of an equal diameter to the connecting pipe and at
the same time a sanitary connection thereby dispensing with the usual plumbers
joint.
"
"
65
The Fig. I herewith is the lower portion of a section of a lavatory basin.
" a is a metalic or earthenware grating in the waste: "6" is the waste plug:
"c" is the arm: "d" is the angular flange : e shews the hole through the
flange with a bolt inserted: "f" shews a metalic waste pipe as fixed: "g" is
the parallel flange shewing the boss or projection supporting the neck of the waste:
"h" is the groove into which the waste pipe is inserted. Fig. I shews two methods
of making the joint.
"
Fig. 2 is a water closet pan "a is the connecting point with the flush pipe
"6" is the connecting point with the waste pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) The above described angular flange.
Improvements in and relating to Hair Pins.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Hair Pins.
I, MORRILL NATHANIEL PACKARD, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing at 210 East Lexington Street, in the City of Baltimore and State of
Maryland, one of the United States of America, Attorney-at-Law, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention has relation to devices for holding ladies' hair in position, it
serving to secure not only the coil itself, but also such tufts as are too short to be
gathered into the coil.
The invention consists of a sinuous-shaped sheath having a series of perforations
arranged in a longitudinal line, it being adapted to be passed through the coil of
hair and receive the ends of the short tufts in its bends, and a pin adapted to be
passed through said perforations to hold the tufts in place on the sheath."
Figure 1 of the drawings is an elevation of the device complete;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the sheath, the relation of the pin thereto
being shown in dotted lines;
Figure 3 is an elevation of the pin detached.
Referring to the drawings, A is a sheath made of any suitable metal, preferably
round in cross-section, and either hollow, as shown in Figure 2, or solid. This
sheath is sinuous in form, and in it are formed a series of perforations 1, these
being shown as on the axial line, but they may be located off the axis. It is
provided with a perforated head a of any preferred design, in the outer side of
which, across its perforation, is formed a shallow groove or channel 2, for a purpose
which will hereinafter appear.
B is a straight pin, made of steel or other suitable metal, and provided with a
head b, said pin being adapted to pass through the perforations in the sheath after
the sheath has been inserted in the hair, the groove or channel 2 in the head
serving to guide the point of the pin into its perforation.
In using the device, the sheath is first inserted in the coil of hair, and then the
short tufts are wound around it in the bends, after which the pin is passed into the
sheath, when the device will serve to hold the coil and short tufts in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
-1
1. A hair-pin comprising a sinuous sheath having a series of perforations
arranged in a longitudinal line, and a pin adapted to pass through said perforations
in the sheath.
2. A hair-pin comprising a headed sinuous sheath having a series of axial
perforations, the head of the sheath having in its outer side a groove or channel
across the perforation, and a headed pin adapted to pass through said perforations
in the sheath.
Dated this 15th day of 1905
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
Improvements in Mudguards for Cleansing Tyres of Cycles.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mudguards for Cleansing Tyres of Cycles.
CHARLES HERBERT SMITH 227 Moseley Road Birmingham Clork FRANCIS
ORAM RUSSELL 186 St. Pauls Road Balsall Heath Birmingham Art Metal Worker
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The application of a Rotary brush, or brushes, made of bristles, Wire, or other
material, to the tyres of a Cycle. The object being to clean off the mud, and
prevent it collecting or falling upon the rider, or machine.
Dated this Nineteenth day of November 1896.
CHARLES HERBERT SMITH.
FRANOIS ORAM RUSSELL.
Improvements in Mudguards for Cleansing Tyres of Cycles.
CHARLES HERBERT SMITH, 227, Moseley Road, Birmingham, Cycle Viewer
FRANCIS ORAM RUSSELL 186 St. Paul's Road Balsall Heath, Birmingham Art
Metal Worker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly desoribed and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to the protection or guarding the rider of a cycle from the
mud thrown up in the travelling of the said machine, it is applicable also to any
other wheeled vehicle. For this purpose we use a rotary wheel or brush, mado of
any material thought necessary, and attached to the bicycle us may be desired,
so that the outer diameter of tho brush or wheel comes in contact with the tyre
removing any mud or dirt that may collect. The rotary wheel cleanser may also
be made of india-rubber or other material. For the purpose of exemplification
we give a drawing showing a suitable method of applying the brush or wheel
running in the reverse direction to the tyre. The wheel or brush may of course
run in any other direction if required.
Fig. 1 shows the elevation of a safety bicycle. A being the tyre. B the rotary
brush or wheel. C the frame carrying the brush. D the spindle on which the
wheel and tyre revolves. E the attachmont connecting the frame C to the
is the spindle on which the brush revolves. G is a guard or screen
attached to the frame C on front wheel to prevent the mud being thrown
backwards on to the rider.
spindle 1).
Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail showing the above.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is.
The use of a rotary brush or wheel, for cleansing the mud or dirt from the
tyre of any vehicle.
Dated this Nineteenth day of August 1897.
CHARLES HERBERT SMITH.
FRANCIS ORAM RUSSELL.
A Combined Rule, Ruler, and Protractor.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1896-Accepted, 5th June, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Rule, Ruler, and Protractor.
HENRY PURSER of Bird's Eye, Bromyard in the County of Hereford Solicitor's
Articled Clerk do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
A flat ruler made of glass or other suitable material of a transparent nature.
The under side or the side which is intended to rest on the paper to be cut in
lines and otherwise marked in such a manner that the lines figures and other
markings may be read or seen through the glass or transparent substance and the
upper side bevelled on one or both edges or on neither.
The ruler will be made in various sizes and designs as explained hereafter and as
exemplified in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Fig. 1 is a flat ruler six inches long. On the edge "A" is marked a measure in
inches further subdivided into half-inches eighths and tenths. On the body of the
ruler "B" will be cut or otherwise marked a protractor with figures on the semi-
circle showing the various degrees and divided into spaces of 15 degrees each and
lines drawn to a central point.
Fig. 2 is a flat ruler of a similar character to Fig. 1. the only point of difference
being that the protractor is further subdivided. An inside semi-circle will be
marked as shown at "D" and from the semi-circle "C" to the semi-circle "D"
the protractor is divided into spaces of 5 degrees and lines marked as shown; the
upper semi-circle "C" being still further subdivided into spaces of 1 degree by
means of short marks on the edge of the semi-circle "C" as shown in the spot
marked "E," the lower portion of the protractor remaining the same as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a flat ruler of a similar character to Figs. I and 2 twelve inches in
length. On the edge "A" is marked a measure in inches as previously described
in Fig. 1. On the centre part of the body "F" is marked a protractor divided
into spaces of 15 degrees as described in Fig. 1. "G" and "H" are two other
protractors formed by quarter circles and divided into spaces of 5 degrees and
with or without additional markings for spaces of 1 degree as described in
Fig. 2 "E."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
A flat ruler and protractor combined made of glass or other transparent substance
cut or marked on the under side thereof with lines figures and other markings
showing various measurements and degrees.
H. PURSER.
Improvements in Building STOCKS
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Building
STOCKS.
CHARLES WALL Builder and Contractor Ashburnham Works Lots Road
Chelsea London S. W. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
A box or mold is made of a size suitable to the thickness of the wall & the
special requirements of each building. At the bottom of the mold is put a layer of
cement coarse stuff, on top of this is put a backing of stock bricks or other suitable
material, aud cement and sand mixed with water to a weak consistency is then
poured in to fill up the interstices and covering all the stocks or other backing
material.
The surface is then finished off smooth or if preferred it may be finished rough
to receive a setting coat of plaster.
The whole is then immersed in water and allowed to set after which the block
may be removed from the mold and is ready for building purposes.
Dated this Second day of April 1896.
CHARLES WALL.
Improvements in Building Blocks.
CHARLES WALL Builder and Contractor Ashburnham Works Lots Road
Chelsea London S. W. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of a block for walling for internal purposes constructed as
follows. A box or mold is made of a size and shape suitable to the thickness of the
wall and the special requirements of the various portions of each building. At the
bottom of the mold is put a layer of cement coarse stuff (a in drawing) or plaster,
and the like and on top of this is put a backing of bricks or other suitable
material (b in drawing) of sufficient solidity to take the intended load and pressure
and making the block out to the required bed thickness. Cement and sand mixed
with water to a proper consistency (c) are then poured in to fill up the interstices
and covering all the bricks or other backing material. The back surface is then
finished off smooth or if preferred may be finished rough to receive a setting coat
The whole is then
of plaster or of any description of cement after it is built in.
immersed in water and allowed to set after which the block may be re:noved from
the mold and is ready for building purposes.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 shews an isometrical projection of part of a wall built of my building

page_text: blocks, the thick black lines shewing the mortar joints where two of the blocks
abut on one another in the built up wall.
Figure 2 shews a section of one of the blocks.
(a) is the cement or plaster and the like face which is first put in the mold (b) is
the backing material and (c) is the cement and sand matrix.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
A building block with faces of cement or plaster and the like on a backing of
brick or other suitable material with a matrix of cement and sand mixed with
water to a proper consistency.
Dated this 24th day of November 1896.
CHARLES WALL,
Ashburnham Works, Lots Road, Chelsea, S.W.
A New Perfume and Process for the Manufacture of the same.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1896-Accepted, 22nd. Aug., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New Perfume and Process for the Manufacture of the same.
A communication from abroad by the CHEMISOHE FABRIK VON HEYDEN, GESELL-
SCHAFT MIT BESCHRAENKTER HAFTUNG, of Radebeul, near Dresden, Saxony,
German Empire, Manufacturers.
I, JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of the Firm of J. C. Mewburn and Ellis of 55 and
56 Chancery Lane in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agents do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In the Specification of the application for Patent filed by me on the 22nd
May 1896 and numbered 11166 for an invention relating to a new perfume,
homovanillin, and the process of manufacture of the same, there is described the
production of the said new perfume from homo-guajakol which is subjected to the
well-known Reimer-Tiemann reaction. In developing the invention my corre-
spondents have discovered that another new perfume can be produced, namely ethyl-
homovanillin, in the same manner, namely by introducing homo-pyro-catechin-
ethyl-ether :-
into the aforesaid reaction.
CcH3
OC.H,
1
OH
CH3
2
4
According to the present invention, in order to convert homo-pyro-catechin-
ethyl-ether into ethyl-homo-vanillin, my correspondents proceed for instance as
follows:-
11 kilogs. of homo-pyro-catechin-ethyl-ether are dissolved in 30 litres of soda
lye, containing 430 grammes of sodium hydroxide per litre, and in 37 litres of
water. Into this solution, which is heated in a water bath, there is allowed to
flow 50 kilogs. of chloroform. When the latter is consumed by the reaction, the
solution is cooled, mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid, and extracted with ether.
The perfume is removed from the ether solution by means of a solution of bisulphite
of soda. By adding acid the bisulphite compound is decomposed. The perfume
separates. It is then purified by recrystallization from alcohol.
The proportions of concentration and of mixture mentioned in this example may
vary within wide limits. Instead of soda lye, other alkalies, or even alkaline
earths may be employed, and other solvents may be used instead of water.
The new perfume, which has probably the formula

page_text: hot alcohol in colorless needles which may sometimes have a faint yellow tinge,
and it melts at 91° C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The manufacture of a new perfume by the action of chloroform upon homo-
pyro-catechin-ethyl-ether in a solution having an alkaline reaction, substantially
as described.
2. The manufacture of a new perfume, ethyl-homo-vanillin, having the characteristic
properties described in this specification.
Dated this 21st day of July 1896.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 6 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
A Trousers' Shield or Protector for Bicyclists.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Jan., 1896-1ccepted, 15th Feb., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Trousers' Shield or Protector for Bicyclists.
1, EDMOND LYONS O'BRIEN, of 66, Victoria Street, in the City of
Westminster, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a trousers shield or protector for bicyclists, the object
of the shield being to keep the bottoms of the trousers from being caught and
damaged by the pedals, cranks, and other parts of the machine, without the use
of the clips at present employed. The latter by gathering the trousers about the
ankles cause them to present an unsightly appearance and are otherwise objection-
able as they prevent the trousers adapting themselves to the flexure of the joints
in pedalling, the resulting strain on the knee portions of the trousers causing them
to become baggy. Moreover they do not prevent the trousers being splashed
with mud or otherwise soiled by the wheel.
An example of the shield or protector of my invention is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, forming part of this Specification, wherein
Figure 1 shews a face view of the protector in the flat and Figure 2 shews it as
applied.
It consists of a shield or partial gaiter A of leather or other suitable material
adapted to be applied against the inner side of the ankle and to follow to a
certain extent the curvature of the part to which it is secured by a strap B
encircling the ankle or by clips engaging with the top of the boot. It may, if
required, be furtherinore provided with a clip adapted to pass beneath the waist
of the foot in order to prevent it riding up the leg but when secured by a strap
encircling the ankle this clip is not usually required. Or the shield, instead of
being a separate attachment, may be permanently affixed to the upper of the boot
at the inner side of the foot.
The trouser bottom is inserted between the shield and the boot upper, the shield
rising sufficiently high to clip the trouser against the inner side of the leg and so
prevent it flapping or bulging towards the machine so that whilst the part of the
trouser covered by the shield is protected from being soiled the whole trouser leg
is held away from the machine with sufficient freedom to rise and fall on the leg
and so accommodate itself to the alternate flexure and straightening of the leg in
pedalling.
When the bicyclist is walking the trouser bottom may be readily disengaged
from the shield without detaching the latter and be dropped over and outside of the
shield so that the latter is entirely concealed from view.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what [
claim is :-
The herein described shield or protector for bicyclists' trousers, substantially as
specified.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements in and relating to Roof Gutters.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 22nd May, 1896-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Roof Gutters.
WALTER THOMSON High Street Ramsey Huntingdonshire Joiner and Builder
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Lugs or brackets cast on the iron halfround or O.G. guttering to faciliate
the fixing to the facia or wall, whereby dispensing, with the wrought iron
brackets, now in use and lessening the cost. I may also require to have some
lugs, or brackets, cast seperate from the guttering to slip on the guttering in
cases where you require to shorten a length of guttering.
Dated this 16th day of April 1896.
Improvements in and relating to Roof Gutters.
WALTER THOMSON, High Street, Ramsey, Huntingdonshire, Joiner and
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner.
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Lugs or brackets cast on halfround O.G. or any other shaped guttering to
support the guttering and to faciliate the fixing of the guttering to the facia or
wall whereby dispencing with the wrought iron brackets now in use, and lessening the
cost. I also require to have lugs or brackets made separate from the guttering to
support the guttering in cases where it is necessary to shorten the guttering. In
shortening the guttering the lug or bracket on the guttering may be cut away.
Then the bracket shewn is used in place of the lug that was cast on but which by
having to shorten the length was cut away. Or to use for any other guttering.
Referring to the annexed drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional end elevation showing the cast-on bracket or lug.
Figure 2 sectional end elevation showing the removable bracket or lug.
Figure 3 plan view of same.
a is the gutter which has at intervals along its length, the lugs or brackets b
which may be formed integrally with the gutter a or separate therefrom in which
case the bracket b has a curved prolongation at c so that a wedge d may be used
for securing the gutter a in position, the end e bearing against the heel piece fon
the bracket & which is secured to the wall g by screws h
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
1. The combined roof gutter & lug or bracket substantially as described &
illustrated in Fig. 1 hereof.
2. The improved lug or bracket for securing roof gutters substantially as
described & illustrated in Figs. 2 & 3 hereof.

page_text: 3. The improved method of securing roof gutters by means of a wedged inserted
between the outer edge of roof gutter a & the curved prolongation c of the lug or
bracked b thus keeping the inner edge of the roof gutter against the heel piece f
& firmly securing same in position, substantially as described and illustrated
herein.
1906
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in the Construction of Shoes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 15th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1897
Improvements in the Construction of Shoes.
We, ROBERT GILFILLAN, of 63 Clyde Street, Helensburgh, Shoemaker, and
JAMES MCNAB, Luss Hotel, Hotelkeeper, both in the County of Dumbarton, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
of shoes, specially designed for use by cyclists, but capable of adaptation to shoes
for other purposes, by means of which à circulation of air is maintained around the
foot when the wearer is cycling, walking, or otherwise keeping it in motion whereby
heating of the foot is prevente 1.
According to these improvements the shoe is constructed all as follows:-
The sole may be of any ordinary construction and to this, at the back part, the
counter is secured made lower than usual at the front ends, and tapering upwards
towards the back central part where it is doubled over and sewn to form a loop.
Two side pieces joined together at the toe part are also secured to the sole and to
the counter by their ends being sewn as well as the front ends of the counter to
vertical straps which are higher and are turned over and sewn on the inside as well
as the outside of the side pieces. The side pieces are cut so as to have broad
straps which are crossed over each other and are each sewn to the vertical straps
on the opposite sides of the shoe. These straps which however may be stitched
on to the side pieces, are of a shape to leave openings between them and a toe cap
formed with a tongue which is sewn to the broad straps where they meet.
Openings are also left between these broad straps and the side pieces on the
opposite sides. A strap is sewn to the upper part of one doubled vertical strap
which is passed through the loop on the counter and which can be secured by a
buckle, on the vertical strap on opposite side for the purpose of securing the shoe
on the foot. The broad straps which cross one another may be perforated with
holes for the circulation of air or they may be cut into strips for the purpose of
being interlaced together. The toe cap would also preferably be perforated with
holes.
Dated the 15th love of Lule. 1906
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Shoes.
We, ROBERT GILFILLAN, of 63 Clyde Street, Helensburgh, Shoemaker, and
JAMES MCNAB, Luss Hotel, Hotelkeeper, both in the County of Dumbarton, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing :-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
An Improvement in the Handle Bars of Cycles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 27th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1897
An Improvement in the Handle Bars of Cycles.
I, WILLIAM MCLEAN of 345, St. Vincent Street, in the County of the City of
Glasgow, North Britain, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improvement in the handle bars of cycles, and
has for its object to construct these in such a manner that the rider will not
always have occasion to stoop so much when gripping the handles, which is not
altogether beneficial to health, but will enable him to sit in a more upright or
erect position. I accomplish this object by providing two sets of fixed handles
on the handle bars, one set being connected at the extreme ends thereof, while
the other set is fixed to any convenient part of the handle bar, but approaching
the centre.
Dated this 28th day of February 1896.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in the Handle Bars of Cycles.
I, WILLIAM MCLEAN of 345, St. Vincent Street, in the County of the City
of Glasgow, North Britain, Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improvement in the handle bars of cycles, and has
for its object to construct these in such a manner that the rider will not always
have occasion to stoop so much when gripping the handles, which is not altogether
beneficial to health, but will enable him to sit in a more upright or erect position.
I accomplish this object by providing two sets of fixed handles on the handle bars,
one set being connected at the extreme ends thereof, while the other set is fixed to
any convenient part of the handle bar, but approaching the centre.
In order that my invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
effect I have hereunto appended one sheet of drawings of which
Figure 1 is a side elevation of part of a cycle constructed according to my
invention, while
Figure 2 is a plan.
A is the handle bar to which the ordinary handles B are fixed, and C is the
auxiliary or second set which is fixed to the handle bar towards the centre as
already described

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In the handle bars of cycles, providing these with two sets of handles,
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated on
the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 26th day of November 1896.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.
Improvements in or connected with Pleasure Swings.
Year: 1896

page_text: Cate of Application, 6th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Pleasure Swings.
I JAMES BICKERSTAFF of 1 Belmont Street, Mexboro' near Rotherham in the
County of York, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to construct pleasure swings, so that it is not
possible for persons using them to fall out accidentally, such swings always swing
in a central direction, and have no sideways tendency or irregular movement.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of my invention.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation in section of Fig. 1 on the line a. b.
A is the boat or carriage of the swing. B. B. are the upright frames, and
C the tops; D are the cross-pieces. The carriage A is suspended by four rods,
ropes, or chains, E, E', E and E, from pivots F, F, F and F at the four
corners of the carriage A, the said rods being hung from rings, hooks, or other
suitable pivots G, G, G and G immediately over the corresponding pivots of
the carriage (see side elevation Fig. 2) so that the rods are parallel one with
another; also the boat, carriage, or seats of same are always in the horizontal
position, no matter at what height the carriage is swung, see dotted lines marked E
and E¹ Fig. 2.
In the end elevation Fig. 1 the top pivots G, G, G and G³ for the rods, are
placed wider apart than the bottom pivots, so steadying the carriage in the
central position and preventing it from any tendency to a sideways or irregular
motion.
Haying now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In pleasure boats or swings, pivotting the hanging rods, ropes, chains or the
like, parallel to each other, or at equal distances apart, so that however far the
carriage is swung it retains. its horizontal position, substantially as shown and
described.
februar 1896
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax, Patent Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Bags or the like Made of Paper or similar Material.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Left. 16th Nov. 1896-Accented. 2nd Jan. 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bags or the like Made of Paper or similar
Material.
I, CHARLES ADCOCK of 107, Gowan Avenue, Fulham, Bakery Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates more specially to paper bags such as are used for holding
cakes, fruit and other articles and the object is to prevent pilfering and fingering
of the contents by carmen, boys and others and in carrying my invention into
effect I proceed in or in about the following manner: I make one side of the
mouth of the bag higher than the other, and this higher side I gum or otherwise
render adhesive so that it can, when turned over on to the other side of the mouth,
be fastened down and prevent the contents of the bag being interfered with.
Dated this 24th day of August 1896.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23, Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Bags or the like Made of Paper or similar
Material.
I, CHARLES ADCOCK, of 107, Gowan Avenue, Fulham, Bakery Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates more especially to paper bags such are used for holding
cakes, fruit, and other articles, and the object is to prevent pilfering and fingering
of the contents by carmen, boys and others, and in carrying my invention into
effect, I proceed in or in about the following manner. I make one side of the
material round the mouth of the bag higher than the other, and this higher side
I gum or otherwise render adhesive so that it can, when turned over on to the other
side of the mouth to close it and so keep in the contents, be fastened down and
prevent the contents of the bag being interfered with as they are liable to be when
the mouth is simply closed in the present way by folding over the sides of the mouth
and screwing up the ends.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In bags or the like made of paper or equivalent material, making one side of the
mouth higher than the other, the said higher side being gummed or otherwise
rendered adhesive so that it may, after being passed across the mouth of the bag,

page_text: be fastened down on to the lower side and thus prevent the unauthorized removal
of, or tampering or interference with, the contents of the said bag or the like, the
whole substantially as described in the above specification.
Dated this 16th day of November 1896.
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23, Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents for Applicant.
Improvements in connection with Watch, Clock, and other Dials.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1896-Accepted, 16th May, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with Watch, Clock, and other Dials.
1, WILLIAM HENRY Cox, Indoor Servant, Branksome House, Bournemouth
West, Sussex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to render readable the information to be afforded
by the numerals, letters or other characters on the dials of watches, clocks, and the
like. It is well known that if on any illuminated surface there be a spot which is
not illuminated, that spot will be seen with great distinctness, and in putting my
invention into practice, I make use of this fact and proceed in or in about the
following manner, that is to say, 1 apply to all the surface of the clock or other
dial, except the numerals or other indications thereon, a coating of, or containing
any suitable phosphorescent or other luminous material or materials, so that in the
absence of day or other light, the glow of the phosphorescent surface thus
provided, will show up those parts which have not been treated in accordance with
my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
The application to clock, watch, and other dials of a coating of or containing
any suitable phosphorescent or luminous material or materials or combination of
materials, whereby the numerals or other indications or parts left un-coated
thereon, may be rendered visible in the absence of day or other light, substantially
as described in the above Specification.
Dated this 31st day of March 1896
HUGHES & YOUNG,
23, Coleman Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Locks and Latches.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 24th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 20th Mar.. 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks and Latches.
WILLIAM EBENEZER COPPING 11 Panton Street Haymarket London-
Manufacturing Ironmonger do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The provision of two or more key holes and keys so that instead of the locking
and unlocking being accomplished with one key it can be accomplished by two or
more keys whether the other key or keys be in the lock at the time or not. I do
not confine myself to any one particular kind of lock or latch but embrace every
description operated by keys. The keys and corresponding mechanism of lock in.
any one lock may be similar or dissimilar in construction.
Dated this 20th day of March 1896
WILLM. E. COPPING.
WILLIAM EBENEZER COPPING 11 Panton Street Haymarket London
Manufacturing Ironmonger do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The provision of two or more key holes and keys so that instead of the locking
and unlocking being accomplished by one key it can be accomplished by two or
more keys whether the other key or keys be in the lock at the time or not. I do
not confine myself to any one particular kind of lock or latch but embrace every
description operated by keys. The key or keys and corresponding mechanism of
any one lock or latch may be similar or disimilar in construction.
By reference to the accompanying drawing and with this description my invention
will be clearly understood.
The drawing is that of a lock known as a mortice lock with cover plate removed
showing interior mechanism of the ordinary lever kind with key holes A. B. bolt C
lever D.
Assuming a key to be in key hole A by inserting a key in key hole B the
bolt C can be locked or unlocked notwithstanding key remains in key hole A..
Similarly a key may be in key hole A then key inserted in key hole B will operate
bolt C.
It is obvious therefore there may be two or more key holes and keys therefor to
any one lock and that any one of these keys will operate the bolt C. whether the
remaining key or keys be in the other key hole or holes or not. It is further-
obvious my invention is applicable to any other kind of lock such as for example-
rim locks stock locks cabinet locks pad locks.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The provision of two or more key holes in any one lock or latch.
2. Two or more keys for locking and unlocking any one lock or latch either key
being operative on the same bolt whether the remaining key or keys be in the lock
or latch at the time or not.
3. Similarity or dissimilarity in the keys of any one lock or latch and the
mechanism therefor in the lock or latch.
1000
WILLM. E. COPPING.