An Improved Sanitary Towel, Napkin, Surgical Bandage, or similar Appliance, and the Manufacture of Textile Fabric for such purpose.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 29th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 29th Oct., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Sanitary Towel, Napkin, Surgical Bandage, or similar
Appliance, and the Manufacture of Textile Fabric for such
purpose.
I, DUGALD SCOTT of 12 York Street, Manchester, in the County of Lan-
cashire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved sanitary towel or napkin (especially
suitable for the use of women) applicable also for surgical or any other uses or
purposes for which same may be adapted and the manufacture of a special fabric
for this purpose.
My present invention is as follows:-
On an ordinary or any suitable loom I manufacture a fabric (advantageously of
cotton) of an alternating character viz. parts are woven as a weft pile fabric (or
it may be a warp pile) and alternating parts woven as non-pile fabric, or part
which is not adapted to be cut or have a velvet pile raised thereon for instance as a
plain i.e. tabby cloth, sateen, drill, etc., etc., as desired any suitable means being
employed to thus weave a fabric of such alternating character and this change in
the weaving can be effected automatically if desired or by the operative in charge
of the loom throwing the requisite mechanism in or out of gear.
Thus I alternately weave a pile surface advantageously a fast pile (to be after-
wards cut or raised) and a plain cloth (or part which is not adapted to be cut or
have the pile raised thereon) in succession in one continuous piece of fabric and of
any desired width or number of widths in which latter case a longitudinal stripe or
stripes may be specially woven to form fast selvedges when such length of fabric is
divided up into the separated towels etc. to be formed from same or narrow
longitudinal stripes may be left uncut when cutting the pile to thereby form fast
selvedges to the towel etc.
The pile on these detached surfaces is cut cropped brushed and singed and the
fabric may be thoroughly washed scoured and (if desired) bleached or otherwise
suitably treated or finished as desired.
The relative extent of the cut pile surface and the cloth or uncut part may vary
as desired but for ordinary ladies diapers say of a width of 11 or 12 inches with a
total length of say 3 feet-the cut pile surface which is of the full width need only
extend about 12 or 15 inches in length about the middle of the diaper (and may if
desired be flaneletted" on the back or may have a pile surface on the back
as well as on the face) while the two ends being plain cloth etc. as before.
described are therefore less bulky than the central portion and can be easily
fastened in use.
If desired after the length of fabric has been cut up into the separate towels
these bandages may be made up or formed with a filling or padding of wool etc. in
the central portion thereof.
For surgical or other purposes these bandages may be treated with an antiseptic
or otherwise chemically impregnated or medicated.
The relative amount of pile surface to the rest of each towel may be varied as
well as the total length of the whole bandage or appliance.
No dyeing of the cotton is required either before or after weaving.

page_text: Instead of weaving alternately as a pile fabric and then as a plain cloth each
of the full width of the fabric as above described I may weave in the following
manner :-
I arrange the healds to operate so that only the central part of the fabric will
be woven as a pile and the two longitudinal edges or side parts as a plain cloth
sateen etc. of any desired width--the healds controlling and operating the warp
ends of these plain cloth parts being intermittently inoperative during any suitable
number of traverses of the shuttle which thus weaves alone in the pile part during
which time no weft goes into the plain part and then the weft goes into both cloth
part and pile and so on for instance in weaving with a pile on one side only the
cloth healds remain idle while three picks are put into the pile part and then the
healds are moved and the weft is woven into pile and the cloth part on one side,
then completely across the whole width of the fabric, then the weft is wove into
the cloth part on one side only and pile part and now misses the opposite cloth
part, and next weaves three pile picks only as before and so on; while for
weaving a pile on both sides the healds are arranged to permit the increased
number of pile picks required to form the second pile surface as will be easily
understood.
The pile on this fabric is cut and the fabric treated or finished in any suitable
manner as before described and the material is then cut up crosswise of the
desired width suitable for sanitary towels etc. and hemmed along such cut edges or
if desired a plain cloth part may be woven crosswise at the desired points to thus
form fast selvedges and avoid hemming.
In place of weaving as above with a single thread I may use two threads in one
shuttle after the manner described in my application for Patent No. 20696 of 1894
i.e. applied to this particular kind of weave.
Dated this 29th day of October 1894.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Sanitary Towel, Napkin, Surgical Bandage, or similar
Appliance, and the Manufacture of Textile Fabric for such
purpose.
I, DUGALD SCOTT of 12 York Street, Manchester, in the County of Lan-
cashire, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved sanitary towel or napkin (especially
suitable for the use of women) applicable also for surgical or any other uses or
purposes for which same may be adapted and the manufacture of a special
fabric for this purpose.
My present invention is as follows:
On an ordinary or any suitable loom I manufacture a fabric (advantageously of
cotton) of an alternating character viz.: parts are woven as a weft pile fabric (or
it may be a warp pile) and alternating parts woven as non-pile fabric or part
which is not adapted to be cut or have a velvet pile raised thereon for instance as
a plain .e. tabby cloth, sateen, drill, etc., etc., as desired-any suitable means being
employed to thus weave a fabric of such alternating character.
Thus I alternately weave a pile surface advantageously a fast pile (to be after-
wards cut or raised) and a plain cloth (or part which is not adapted to be cut or
.

page_text: have the pile raised thereon) in succession in one continuous piece of fabric and of
any desired width or number of widths in which latter case a longitudinal stripe or
stripes may be woven to form fast selvedges when such length of fabric is dividea
up into the separated towels etc. to be formed from same or narrow longitudinal
stripes may be left uncut when cutting the pile to thereby form fast selvedges to
the towel etc.
The pile on these detached surfaces is cut cropped brushed and singed and the
fabric may be thoroughly washed scoured and (if desired) bleached or otherwise
suitably treated or finished as desired.
The relative extent of the cut pile surface and the cloth or uncut part may vary
as desired but for ordinary ladies diapers say of a width of 11 or 12 inches with a
total length of say 3 feet-the cut pile surface which is of the full width need only
extend about 12 or 15 inches in length about the middle of the diaper (and may if
desired be flaneletted " on the back or may have a pile surface on the back as
well as on the face) while the two ends being plain cloth etc. as before described
are therefore less bulky than the central portion and can be easily fastened
in use.
If desired after the length of fabric has been cut up into the separate towels
these bandages may be made up or formed with a filling or padding of wool etc. in
the central portion thereof.
For surgical or other purposes these bandages may be treated with an antiseptic
or otherwise chemically impregnated or medicated.
The relative amount of pile surface to the rest of each towel may be varied as
well as the total length of the whole bandage or appliance.
No dyeing of the cotton is required either before or after weaving.
Instead of weaving alternately as a pile fabric and then as a plain cloth each of
the full width of the fabric as above described I may weave in the manner herein-
after described with reference to Fig. 2.
And in order that my present invention may be easily understood and readily
carried into practice I will proceed to further describe same with reference to the
drawings hereunto unnaved
Fig. 1 shows a piece of fabric specially manufactured according to my present
invention viz. woven according to the first method hereinbefore described.
Fig. 2 shows a piece of fabric woven according to the second method above
described.
"
Fig. 3 shows (on an enlarged scale) a sanitary towel having the pile part
thereof cut or
" raised
and such towel cut off from the length of fabric (i.e. cut
off either from the length of fabric shown in Fig. 1 or from that shown in Fig. 2)
and finished in readiness for use.
In Fig. 1 the whole width of the fabric a to bis woven as a non-pile fabric for
instance as a plain cotton cloth or sateen Y from the line A to B then next woven
as a pile fabric X or part adapted to have a velvet pile cut or raised thereon
from B to C-this change in the weaving boing effected in any well-known or
suitable manner for instance by the operative in charge of the loom throwing the
requisite mechanism in or out of gear or same may be effected mechanically as is
well understood by anyone skilled in the art of weaving cotton pile fabric and
therefore need not be further described here.
Then again a plain or non-pile fabric Z is woven from the line C to the line D
and this is continued from the line D to line E and then the weave is changed
again to produce a pile fabric X from line E to line F and so on alternately
throughout the length of the fabric.
The fabric is cut up along the dotted line so as thus to produce a number of
sanitary towels each of a length A to D and in the case illustrated four of such in
the total width of the material woven.

page_text: It will of course he obvious that other widths of material or other number than
four towels in the width can be thus woven as desired and furthermore a plain or
non-pile part can be woven along the dotted lines (ie. where the material is to be
divided) through the pile part X to thus act as a selvedge and thereby avoid
hemming and similarly along the dotted cross lines or same may be hemmed or
otherwise bound as desired to thus produce a sanitary towel X Y Z of the
character illustrated in Fig. 3.
Referring now to Fig. 2 :-
The width of material from edge G to edge J is the total width as same is woven
on the loom. part thereof viz.: from the edge G to the line H being woven ae a
plain cloth or non-pile fabric Y then from the line H to line I as a pile fabric X
and again as a plain or non-pile fabric Z from the line I to the other edge J as
follows:-
I arrange the healds to operate so that only the central part X of the fabric will
be woven as a pile and the two longitudinal edges or side parts Y and Z as a plain
cloth sateen etc. of any desired width-the healds controlling and operating the
warp ends of these plain cloth parts Y and Z being intermittently inoperative
during any suitable number of traverses of the shuttle which thus weaves alone in
the pile part X (during which time no weft goes into the plain part Y or Z) and
then the weft goes into both cloth parts Y and Z and pile part X and so on for
instance in weaving with a pile on one side only the plain cloth healds remain idle
while three picks are put into the pile part X and then the healds are moved and
the weft is woven into pile X and the plain cloth part Y on one side then completely
across the whole width of the fabric X Y Z then the weft is woven into the plain
cloth part Z on one side only and pile part X and now misses the opposite cloth
part and next weaves three pile picks only in the part X as before and so on ;
while for weaving a pile on both sides the healds are arranged to permit the
increased number of pile picks required to form the second pile surface as will be
easily understood by anyone skilled in the art of weaving and need not therefore be
further described here.
The pile X on this fabric is cut and the fabric treated or finished in any suitable
manner as before described and the material is then cut up crosswise (as shown by
the dotted lines e-d) of the desired width suitable for sanitary towels etc. and
hemmed along such cut edges or if desired a plain cloth part may be woven
crosswise at the desired points (for instance on the dotted lines c-d) to thus act as
selvedges and avoid hemming.
In this manner therefore a sanitary towel X Y Z is produced of the character
shown in Fig. 3 this method of weaving having the advantage that the pile
surface X being continuous throughout the length of the fabric consequently the
pile is cut or raised without the interruptions in its length which occur in the first
described method.
In place of weaving as above with a single thread I may use two threads in one
shuttle after the manner described in my application for Patent No. 20,696 of 1894
i.e. applied to this particular kind of weave.
Any suitable loop or loops or other suitable means may be provided as desired on
this towel for fastening or securing same in position on the wearer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved manufacture of textile fabric in the production of sanitary
towels napkins surgical bandages or similar appliances by weaving such fabric
partly as a pile and partly as a non-pile fabric to thus provide a non-pile part at
each end of the pile part of each such article.
2. The improved manufacture of textile fabric in the production of sanitary
towels napkins surgical bandages or similar appliances by weaving such fabric
partly as a pile and partly as a non-pile fabric to thus provide a non-pile part at

page_text: each end of the pile part of each such article substantially in the manner and for
the purposes herein before described.
3. Weaving alternately first as a pile fabric for the whole width of the material.
and then as a plain cloth or non-pile fabric for the whole width of said material
substantially in the manner and for the purposes bereinbefore described with
reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
4. Weaving the central part of a fabric as a pile part throughout the whole
length of said fabric and simultaneously weaving a plain cloth or non-pile part on
each side thereof substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described with reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
5. A sanitary towel napkin surgical bandage or similar appliance having the
middle portion as a pile fabric and the two ends respectively as a uon-pile fabric.
6. A sanitary towel napkin surgical bandage or similar appliance having the
middle portion as a pile fabric and the two ends respectively as a non-pile fabric
substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
7. The improved sanitary towel napkin surgical bandage or similar appliance
substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated this 20th day of A 1905
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.