.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1887.
Complete Left, 5th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 21st June, 1887:
Electrically.
I ILLUIS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS of No. 2 Great George Street, Westminster S.W. in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The objects of my Invention are to provide an arrangement for electrically lighting
Railway Vehicles, which shall be simple, not liable to get out of order or fail in
action, and be economical in first cost and maintenance.
With these objects in view.
I place an electric battery and a lighting circuit (and lamps) with its local switch
and contacts which are acted upon by a lever and magnet or otherwise as described
in my patent No. 116868 in each vehicle that I fit up electrically.
And I fix a controlling circuit with a magnet and lever or other arrangement and
couplers (at either end of the vehicle) in each vehicle and a battery with the necessary
switch or switches in the guard's van as described in my patent No. 11686. By
these means every vehicle electrically fitted has an independent storage of power
within itself as herein before described.
(1) If a vehicle is by itself the lighting circuit can be closed and the Lamps lit; or
broken and they are put out.
(2) If it is in a train electrically fitted the lighting circuits can be closed or broken
by the Guard (or other Official) by means of the controlling circuit.
(3) If it breaks loose or is slipped from the controlling circuit the lamps if lit
remain so and if not lit they light up.
As described in my Patent No. 116868 the arrangements I specify and claim
enable me to use any kind of Battery primary or secondary that I can arrange to use ;
but this Invention has for its special objects the use of the smallest effective battery in
each vehicle and the maintenance of the Battery in a state of efficiency without its
being removed or handled (except it is out of order) so that it is always ready to light
the lamps in the lighting circuit when the circuit is closed.
J
.

page_text: vehicle.
By recharging and maintaining the Battery in a state of efficiency without removing
or handling it I save an enormous labor outlay & also wear and tear and breakage.
To carry out the above I put in each vehicle a battery for lighting the Lamps which
can be charged with a Dynamo. And on the Locomotive or Tender I put a small
Engine actuated by steam from the Locomotive (as being the most economical source
that I can get steain from) and a Dynamo driven by the Engine. I do not claim the
use of any special form of Engine or Dynamo. From the terminals of the Dynamo
I carry two wires (one the positive and the other the negative) to a coupler at either
end of the Locomotive or Tender (both ends of which have couplers) these wires are
part of the charging circuit and through all vehicles electrically fitted, or that work
in with other vehicles electrically fitted, I fix two wires, which form the charging
circuit in those vehicles and to these wires I connect the batteries which are in any
of the vehicles. I place the Batteries in parallel between the charging wires (i.e. the
charging circuit) in each vehicle they are in, so that the charging circuit completes
itself through the Battery in the end vehicle.
I can if it is desirable complete the charging circuit through the end coupler of the
end vehicle and place all the Batteries in series but this necessitates more complicated
couplers.
I join the wires of the charging circuit from the end of one vehicle to the end of
the vehicle it is coupled up to by means of couplers which can be made either to
simply carry and complete the charging circuit wires passing through them or in
addition they may be made to automatically close the charging circuit when any two
couplers are separated.
I prefer to make one coupler to carry the wires of the controlling and the charging
circuits though separate couplers may carry the two circuits. I make the couplers
simple in form and strong and so that they are readily joined together and that they
do not come apart while the train is running but so that if vehicles are intentionally
or accidentally separated the couplers come apart automatically without damage to the
wires or couplers. It will thus be seen that I have three wire circuits in each vehicle
that is electrically fitted for lighting.
1. The lighting circuit with its battery.
2. The controlling circuit.
3. The charging circuit.
Instead of using two wires for the controlling circuit and two for the charging
circuit I prefer to use only three wires for both circuits as is hereinafter explained.
And as hereinafter explained there may be a fourth or Dynamic circuit.
The Batteries can be charged from the Dynamo during the time that they are
lighting the lamps or when they are not coupled up into the lighting circuits. In
other words when they are not lighting the Lamps. I do not bind myself at all
times to charge the Batteries from a Dynamo on the Locomotive or Tender of the
train the Batteries may be in. I may find it convenient to charge them on a siding
or in a workshop or other place from a stationary Dynamo or otherwise.
Suppose a train consisting of a Locomotive and Tender, a Guard's van then two
carriages and then another Guard's van and finally a carriage which has to be slipped
on the way.
And suppose that each battery has twelve cells in it with an E.M.F. of 24 volts.
And suppose 22 volt Tamps are used. The Dynamo should be regulated to suit the
Batteries and should give off say 35 volts. The magnets in the controlling circuit if
placed in parallel should be made to suit the conditions they have to work under and
the resistance of all of them should be exactly alike. Of course the resistance must
be calculated to deal with a train with a maximum number of, vehicles in it.
It is evident that trains are made up of vehicles which may be either end first.
Therefore I arrange the wires of the charging circuit so that the positive wire and the
negative wire always are on the same side at both ends of each vehicle.
Then the Battery of one carriage (all batteries should by preference be of the same

page_text: size and E.M.F. though it is possible to work them with the E.M.F. not the same
in all vehicles and of varied size) may have and often will have more Lamps to light
than the Battery of another carriage. There are various ways in which the charging
may be done. For instance the Engine and Dynamo may be started and stopped by
the Engine Driver but I do not prefer to adopt this method. Or the controlling
circuit may be carried on to the Locomotive or Tender and a magnet actuated by the
controlling circuit made to start (or stop) the Engine which drives the Dynamo (or
even to switch in, or out the Dynamo itself).
If the Engine is started by the action of a magnet in the controlling circuit then
when the controlling circuit is closed and all the magnets actuated the lighting
circuits are all broken and the Lamps put out and the Engine and Dynamo are
started and the charging of the Battery commences. In this case the Engine and
Dynamo are actuated by a spring or weight when the magnet ceases to act. There
are many ways by which the mechanical arrangements to effect these movements can
be varied.
This plan however has its objections because in the case of a Train running during
the night the batteries would be constantly drained of their electrical charges and
there would be no chance of replenishing them. This can be got over to some extent
by means of a special switch (actuated for convenience say by the driver or stoker)
by which the Engine and Dynamo an be started independently of the controlling
circuit. This may be done by signal. But I prefer an arrangement by which the
Batteries are charged during the time that they are lighting the Lamps. There are
many ways of effecting this object but I find the following are simple and effective.
I carry the controlling circuit to the Engine and Dynamo (as above described) and
by means of a magnet stop the Engine running when I break the lighting circuits
thus the Lamps are put out and the Dynamo ceases its charging operation
simultaneously and when the controlling circuit is broken and the lighting circuits are
closed and the lamps are lit the Dynamo and Engine are started either by a weight or
spring or the magnet may on being released ring a Bell or give some other signal
which may tell the Driver or Stoker that the Engine and Dynamo must be started.
Or the Guard may send them a signal to start them. Or the Guard may (any or
either Guard) mechanically start the Engine and Dynamo by means of a cord or other
suitable arrangement.
Instead of magnets either by direct action or by means of Levers making or
breaking any circuit I use when convenient a ratchet and pawl arrangement as
described in my patent No. 1168686 and I use this arrangement when convenient to
start and to stop the Engine and Dynamo.
There are many other mechanical means which can be used to effect the above ends
without interfering with the objects of this Invention.
Another way to start and or stop the Engine and Dynamo is to have a fourth or
Dynamic circuit worked from any Guard's van or by preference from the Guard's
van next to the Locomotive. This circuit if used would have to be fitted to all
Guard's vans (at least it will be advisable) that could run in trains electrically fitted
for lighting and also to all Locomotives or Tenders that would carry an Engine and
Dynamo. This Dynamic circuit could work a magnet or a ratchet and pawl or other
mechanical appliance to start or stop the Engine and or Dynamo.
There may be a controlling circuit complete in itself to each section of a Train but
I prefer to have one controlling circuit, actuated from one Guard's van, throughout
the whole train and I prefer that it shall be worked from the Guard's van next the
Locomotive (though it may be worked from any other) and I prefer that the whole of
the lighting and charging arrangements shall be under the control of the same Guard.
It is evident that vehicles from various parts are often collected and made up into a
fresh Train and that electrical charges in the Batteries in these vehicles vary and that
the discharge of these batteries is not the same (for instance a battery lighting a five
compartment vehicle will not discharge so rapidly as one which is lighting seven
compartments) but with a good secondary battery and with the charging circuit wires
properly calculated and arranged the Batteries when coupled up into the charging

page_text: circuit and placed and working in parallel level themselves down or up and the
charging automatically regulates itself in the amount of charge distributed over the
different Batteries.
I may put an ammeter and a voltmeter in each or any vehicle which may be
switched into the circuit by any official and tell the condition of the Battery in any
vehicle or the Guard or other official may carry a voltmeter and amineter and ascertain
the state of the Batteries when necessary or if I can arrange to use a hydrometer for
the purpose I may put one in each Battery to switch the Battery out of the charging
circuit when it is fully charged.
I prefer to place the magnets in parallel in the controlling circuit as already
explained but they may be placed in series and instead of the magnet in the end
vehicle completing the controlling circuit this circuit has to be completed through the
end coupler.
Instead of having a separate and complete Battery in each vehicle it is possible to
have one cell or one small battery to light each Lamp or each compartment but it is
far more simple and more economical to light all the Lamps in one vehicle from the
same battery. The expense incurred in controlling a number of circuits would be
enormous.
A switch may be put in each compartment to switch in or out the Lamps in that
compartment.
Instead of using two wires for the controlling circuit and two wires for the charging
circuit I may find it convenient and economical to use three wires to actuate the
magnets and also to charge the Batteries as hereinafter explained.
The couplers have to be arranged to carry the wires that are necessary (whether
three or four) throughout the Train. And if a Dynamic circuit is used either a special
coupler must be made to carry the wires or the general coupler be made to carry
them. If the couplers have to complete any circuit automatically when they become
the end coupler of a Train (or complete the electrical section) the two contact pieces
which are separated and make contact with the corresponding pieces of another
coupler when joined to it make contact with each other automatically when those
couplers are separated.
Instead of using steam from the Locomotive Boiler the exhaust steam may be used
while the Locomotive is running to drive the Engine and Dynamo and special
arrangement can be made to supply an Engine to work with the exhaust steam and
also to work with steam taken direct from the Boiler-or two Engines may be used.
Dated this 4th day of March 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Arrangements for Lighting Railway Vehicles
Electrically.
ILLUIS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS of No. 2 Great George Street Westminster, S. W. in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The objects of my Invention are to provide an arrangement for electrically lighting
Railway Vehicles which shall be simple not liable to get out of order or fail in action,
and be economical in first cost and maintenance.
With these objects in view,
I place an electric battery and a lighting circuit (and lamps) with its local switch
and contacts which are acted upon by a lever and magnet or otherwise as described in
ny patent No. 1168680 in each vehicle that I fit up electrically..
And I fix a controlling circuit with a magnet and lever or other arrangement
and couplers (at either end of the vehicle) in each vehicle and a battery with the
necessary switch or switches in the Guard's van as described in my patent No. 116868.
By these means every vehicle electrically fitted has an independent storage of power
within itself as hereinbefore described.
(1) If a vehicle is by itself the lighting circuit can be closed and the Lamps lit; or
broken and they are put out.
(2) If it is in a train electrically fitted the lighting circuits can be closed or broken
by the Guard (or other official) by means of the controlling circuit.
(3) If it breaks loose or is slipped from the controlling circuit the lamps if lit
remain so and if not lit they light up.
As described in my patent No. 11686 the arrangements I specify and claim enable
me to use any kind of Battery, primary or secondary, that I can arrange to use; but
this Invention has for its special objects the use of the smallest effective battery in
each vehicle and the maintenance of the battery in a state of efficiency without its
being removed, or handled (except it is out of order) so that it is always ready to
light the lamps in the lighting circuit when the circuit is closed.
By using the smallest effective Battery I save the carriage of dead weight in a
vehicle.
By recharging and maintaining the Battery in a state of efficiency without
removing or handling it I save an enormous labour outlay and also wear and tear and
breakage.
To carry out the above I put in each vehicle a battery for lighting the Lamps which
can be charged with. a Dynamo. And on the Locomotive or Tender I put a small
Engine actuated by steam from the Locomotive (as being the most economical source
that I can get steam from) and a Dynamo driven by the Engine. I do not claim the
use of any special form of Engine or Dynamo. From the terminals of the Dynamo I
carry two wires (one the positive and the other the negative) to a coupler at either
end of the Locomotive or Tender (both ends of which have couplers) these wires are
part of the charging circuit and through all vehicles electrically fitted or that work
in with other vehicles electrically fitted I fix two wires which form the charging circuit

page_text: in those vehicles and to these wires I connect the batteries which are in any of the
vehicles. I place the Batteries in parallel between the charging wires (i.e. the
charging circuit) in each vehicle they are in, so that the charging circuit completes
itself through the battery in the end vehicle.
I can if it is desirable complete the charging circuit through the end coupler of
the end vehicle and place all the Batteries in series but this necessitates more
complicated couplers.
I join the wires of the charging circuit from the end of one vehicle to the end of
the vehicle it is coupled up to by means of couplers which can be made either to
simply carry and complete the charging circuit wires passing through them in addition
they may be made to automatically close the charging circuit when any two couplers
are separated.
I prefer to make one coupler to carry the wires of the controlling and the charging
circuits the separate couplers may carry the two circuits. I make the couplers simple
in form and strong and so that they are readily joined together and that they do not
come apart while the train is running but so that if vehicles are intentionally or
accidentally separated the couplers come apart automatically without damage to the
wires or couplers. It will thus be seen that I have three wire circuits in each vehicle
that is electrically fitted for lighting.
1. The lighting circuit with its battery.
2. The controlling circuit.
3. The charging circuit.
Instead of using two wires for the controlling circuit and two for the charging
circuit I prefer to use only three wires for both circuits as is hereinafter explained.
And as hereinafter explained there may be a fourth or Dynamic circuit.
The Batteries can be charged from the Dynamo during the time they are lighting
the Lamps. I do not bind myself at all times to charge the Batteries from a Dynamo
on the Locomotive or Tender of the train the Batteries may be in. I may find it
convenient to charge them on a siding or in a workshop from a stationary Dynamo
or otherwise.
Suppose a train consisting of a Locomotive and Tender, a Guard's van, then two
carriages and then another Guard's van and finally a carriage which has to be slipped
on the way.
And suppose that each battery has twelve cells in it with an E.M.F. of 24 volts.
And suppose that 22 volt lamps are used. The Dynamo should be regulated to suit
the batteries and should give off say 35 volts. The magnets in the controlling circuit
if placed in parallel should be made to suit the conditions they have to work under
and the resistance of all of them should be exactly alike. Of course the resistance
must be calculated to deal with a train with a maximum number of vehicles in it.
It is evident that trains are made up of vehicles which may be either end first.
Therefore I arrange the wires of the charging circuit so that the positive wire and the
negative wire always are on the same side at both ends of each vehicle.
Then the Battery of one carriage (all Batteries should by preference be of the same
size and E.M.F. though it is possible to work them with the E.M.F. not the same
in all vehicles and of varied size) may have and often will have more lamps to light
than the Battery of another carriage. There are various ways in which the charging
may be done. For instance the Engine and Dynamo may be started and stopped by
the Engine Driver but I do not prefer to adopt this method. Or the controlling
circuit may be carried on to the Locomotive or Tender and a magnet actuated by the
controlling circuit made to start (or stop) the Engine which drives the Dynamo (or
even to switch in, or out the Dynamo itself).
If the Engine is started by the action of a magnet in the controlling circuit then
when the controlling circuit is closed and all the magnets actuated the lighting circuits
are all broken and the lamps put out and the Engine and Dynamo are started and the
charging of the Battery commences. In this case the Engine and Dynamo are
There are many ways
actuated by a spring or weight when the magnet ceases to act.
by which the mechanical arrangements to effect these movements can be varied.

page_text: This plan however has its objections because in the case of a train running during
the night the batteries would be constantly drained of their electrical charges and
there would be no chance of replenishing them. This can be got over to some extent
by means of a special switch (actuated for convenience say by the Driver or Stoker)
by which the Engine and Dynamo can be started independently of the controlling
circuit. This may be done by signal. But I prefer an arrangement by which the
Batteries are charged during the time that they are lighting the Lamps. There are
many ways of effecting this object but I find the following are simple and effective.
I carry the controlling circuit to the Engine and Dynamo (as above described) and
by means of a magnet stop the Engine running when I break the lighting circuits
thus the Lamps are put out and the Dynamo ceases its charging operation
simultaneously and when the controlling circuit is broken and the lighting circuits are
closed and the lamps are lit the Dynamo and Engine are started either by a weight or
spring or the magnet may on being released ring a bell or give some other signal
which may tell the Driver or Stoker that the Engine and Dynamo must be started.
Or the Guard may send them a signal to start them. Or the Guard may (any or
either Guard) mechanically start the Engine and Dynamo by means of a cord or other
suitable arrangement.
Instead of magnets either by direct action or by means of Levers making or
breaking the circuit I use when convenient a ratchet and pawl arrangement as
described in my patent No. 1168686 and I use this arrangement when convenient to
start and to stop the Engine and Dynamo.
There are many other mechanical means which can be used to effect the above
ends without interfering with the objects of this Invention.
Another way to start and stop the Engine and Dynamo is to have a fourth or
Dynamic circuit worked from any Guard's van or by preference from the Guard's
van next to the Locomotive. This circuit if used would have to be fitted to all
Guard's vans (at least it will be advisable) that could run in trains electrically fitted
for lighting and also to all Locomotives or Tenders that would carry an Engine and
Dynamo. This Dynamic circuit could work a magnet or a ratchet and pawl or other
mechanical appliance to start or stop the Engine and Dynamo.
There may be a controlling circuit complete in itself to each section of a train but 1
prefer to have one controlling circuit, actuated from one Guard's van, throughout the
whole train and I prefer that it shall be worked from the Guard's van next the
Locomotive (though it may be worked from any other) and I prefer that the whole
of the lighting and charging arrangements shall be under the control of the same Guard.
It is evident that vehicles from various parts are often collected. and made up
into a fresh train and that the electrical charges in the Batteries in these vehicles vary
and that the discharge of these batteries is not the same (for instance a battery
lighting a five compartment vehicle will not discharge so rapidly as one which is
lighting seven compartments) but with a good secondary battery and with the charging
circuit wires properly calculated and arranged the batteries when coupled up into the
charging circuit and placed and working in parallel level themselves down or up and
the charging automatically regulates itself in the amount of charge distributed over
the different batteries.
I may put an ammeter and a voltmeter in each or any vehicle which may be
switched into the circuit by any official and tell the condition of the battery in any
vehicle or the Guard or other official may carry a voltmeter and ammeter and
ascertain the state of the Batteries when necessary or if I can arrange to use a
Hydrometer for the purpose I may put one in each battery to switch the battery out
of the charging circuit when it is fully charged.
I prefer to place the magnets in parallel in the controlling circuit as already
explained but they may be placed in series and instead of the magnet in the end
vehicle completing the controlling circuit this circuit has to be completed through the
end coupler.
Instead of having a separate and complete battery in each vehicle it is possible to
have one cell or one small battery to light each lamp or each compartment but it is

page_text: far more simple and more economical to light all the lamps in one vehicle from the
same battery. The expense incurred in controlling a number of circuits would be
enormous.
A switch may be put in each compartment to switch in or out the lamps in
that compartment.
Instead of using two wires for the controlling circuit and two wires for the charging
circuit I may find it convenient and economical to use three wires to actuate the
magnets and to charge the batteries as hereinafter explained.
The couplers have to be arranged to carry the wires that are necessary (whether
three or four) throughout the train. And if a Dynamic circuit is used either a special
coupler must be made to carry the wires or the general coupler be made to carry them.
If the couplers have to complete any circuit automatically when they become the end
coupler of a train (or complete the electrical section) the two contact pieces which are
separated and make contact with the corresponding pieces of another coupler when
joined to it make contact with each other automatically when those couplers are separated.
Instead of using steam from the Locomotive boiler the exhaust steam may be used
while the Locomotive is running to drive the Engine and Dynamo and special
arrangement can be made to supply an Engine to work with the exhaust steam and
also to work with steam taken direct from the Boiler-Or two Engines may be used.
The Dynamo or generator may be driven from the axle of a vehicle without
interfering with the objects of my Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
I will now proceed to describe the Drawings which accompany this specification. The
same letters of reference represent the same parts in all the figures of the Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a Diagram representing the charging circuit - coming from the
Dynamo which is not shown in the Drawings and the controlling circuit...: which
may be two wires-or as shown in Drawing one wire and the other wire being one of
the charging circuit wires.
--
The Lighting circuit. joined to the charging circuit and controlled by
the magnet m, shown in multiple are actuating a lever or other controlling device.
The Battery in each vehicle in multiple arc is represented by which if being
charged when the lamps are lit may be of the smallest possible size. Local switch s
for the purpose of breaking or closing lighting circuit.
controlling circuit and device. The lamps 1, 1, 1 are shown in multiple arc.
-
"
apart from
tlie
The charging and controlling circuits run through each vehicle and make junction
through the couplers hereinafter mentioned.
Fig. 2 shows a vehicle with Battery band circuits above described. Each Guard's
van may have a controlling switch and cach Locomotive may also have a controlling
circuit and switch placed on it. For the purpose of illustration, I have shown a
controlling switch Fig. 2. connecting the controlling circuit to the negative wire of
the charging, circuit at the points kk. There may be a fourth or Dynamic circuit.
which is not shown in the accompanying Drawings as I prefer to start or stop the
Dynamo by means of a magnet and spring or weight.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 represent a three wire coupler. Fig. 3 is an end view. Fig. ±
a side elevation and Fig. 5 a plan. The cases a, a are kept together by the hook h
passing through the hole e. w is the lead of the charging circuit and w¹ the
negative lead of the same circuit. w the controlling circuit lead. This circuit
completes itself through one of the charging circuit leads-they are coupled up to
the strips of conducting metal p, p, p² which are insulated from one another by the
insulating material I.
These strips are always curved to the left hand so that it is
immaterial if the coach is turned round or not. The wires to w¹ w² in the wire tube
or cable are shown in a horizontal position Fig. 5 so that the cable may be flexible
but when they enter the coupler they are turned into a vertical position see Fig. 4
so that the corresponding wires of each circuit may come opposite each other in
any two couplers that have to be coupled together and the corresponding contact
pieces make junction. It being understood that all vehicles in a Train electrically
fitted for lighting will be fitted alike.

page_text: Fig. 6 is an end view of a four wire coupler and Fig. 7 a sectional plan of two
couplers coupled up. ww are the charging circuit wires and w³, w³ the controlling.
circuit wires. The pieces c and c¹ are springs which when in a normal position
automatically make contact between w w¹, w² w³. The insulated parts vv keep the
pieces c and c¹ apart from the pieces w to¹ & w³ ³ when the couplers are together
as shown in Fig. 7. The pieces c and c Fig. 7 having a spring action give a more
perfect contact between w. to. the two contact pieces of the charging circuit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
First The combination of a Train of vehicles with a Dynamo or generator driven
by an Engine on the Locomotive or Tender and with a charging circuit through each
vehicle and a secondary Battery in each vehicle in multiple are with said circuit and
Lamps in each vehicle in multiple arc with their Lighting circuit connected with the
charging circuit and Batteries and a Local switch and a controlling circuit with
magnet and controlling device in each vehicle and controlling switches and couplers
between the vehicles; whereby the Lamps and Dynamo are controlled by the Guard
or by more than one Guard and also if necessary by the Driver or other Official and
whereby the Lamps are automatically lit if not lit; and whereby they remain lit if
already lighted on the breaking away or slipping, from the controlling circuit of one
or more cars substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Secondly: The combination of a Train of vehicles or part of a Train of vehicles,
with a Dynamo or Generator, a charging circuit; a secondary Battery Lamps and
Magnet in each vehicle all in parallel (or multiple) are as described-with a lighting
circuit, Local switch and controlling device in each vehicle and couplers and controlling
switches, whereby any inequality in the condition of the storage Batteries is
compensated and regulated when the vehicles are coupled up substantially as and for
the
purposes hereinbefore described.
Thirdly The combination of charging and controlling circuits with Dynamo or
generator and Engine on the Locomotive or Tender and Batteries and Lamps and
Magnets as described whereby the Lamps are lit and the Dynamo is started or the
Lamps put out and the Dynamo stopped, practically at the same time and thus the
smallest possible Battery can be used in each vehicle substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described.
Fourthly-The combination of a charging and a controlling circuit through each
vehicle of a Train of cars electrically fitted for lighting purposes in which one of the
wires of the charging circuit forms part of the controlling circuit substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Fifthly The arrangement, when more than two wires are used in the through
circuits of vehicles electrically fitted for Lighting purposes or for Braking purposes
purposes or for both, of putting or placing the wires or connecting or contact pieces
in the couplers one over the other, whereby the corresponding wires or contact pieces
in any two couplers, always come opposite to and make contact with each other when
coupled whichever ends of any two vehicles are coupled together substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Sixthly The arrangement of the wires, in the coupler Tubes or Cables at the
ends of vehicles electrically fitted for Lighting purposes or for Braking purposes or
for both, in a horizontal position whereby the "cable" is made as flexible as possible
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.