Year: 1886

page_text: We, ROBERT PARK, Doctor of Medicine, of 275 Argyle Street, and JAMES ELLIOTT
PARK, Manufacturing Chemist, of 327 Argyle Street, both in Glasgow, Lanarkshire,
do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
Our said invention has reference to improvements in the manufacture of sonp,
by the addition of a new or improved basic substance to the ordinary alkaline and
fatty or oleaginous ingredients or saponified bases; this new or improved basic
substance, from its natural properties, having the effect of giving greater lightness
and body to the soap, especially to hard soap, to which it is more particularly
applicable; and from its very fine siliceous powdery nature, giving greater cleansing
and delicate scouring properties to the soap made with it, than is the case with
soaps as heretofore made and mixed with other substances or earths.
The nature and novelty of our invention consist in adding to or mixing with the
usual saponified basic ingredients a considerable proportion of "Kieselguhr" or
calcined white peat powder, as from one tenth to one fifth of the whole mixture
by weight, to be well mixed while yet liquid and boiling, just before being allowed
to settle and cool down into the completed soap. For the finer soaps for use for
toilet purposes, the minimum proportion we find to be very good and efficient; but
in soaps for cleansing wearing linens and napery, we consider the maximum
proportion of "Kieselguhr" can be added with great advantage and economy.
For a good medicinal soap we have found the following ingredients to answer
well: Suet 16 parts; Olive Oil 4 parts; 38° Beaumé Soda Lye 7 parts; 38° Beaumé
potash Lye 4 parts; and "Kieselguhr" or white peat powder about 7 parts.

page_text: We, ROBERT PARK, Doctor of Medicine, of 275 Argyle Street, and JAMES ELLIOTT
PARK, Manufacturing Chemist, of 327 Argyle Street, both in Glasgow, Lanarkshire,
do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, that is to say:―
Our said invention has reference to improvements in the manufacture of soap,
by the addition of a new or improved basic substance to the ordinary alkaline and
fatty or oleaginous ingredients or saponified bases; this new or improved basic
substance from its natural properties, having the effect of giving greater lightness
and body to the soap, especially to hard soap, to which it is more particularly
applicable; and from its very fine siliceous powdery nature, giving greater cleansing
and delicate scouring properties to the soap made with it, than is the case with
soaps as heretofore made and mixed with other substances or earths.
The nature and novelty of our invention consist in adding to or mixing with
the usual saponified basic ingredients a considerable proportion of "Kieselguhr,"
"Diatomite," or calcined white peat powder, as from one tenth to one fifth of the
whole mixture by weight, to be well mixed while yet liquid and boiling, just
before being allowed to settle and cool down into the completed soap. For the
finer soaps for use for toilet purposes, the minimum proportion we find to be very
good and efficient; but in soaps for cleansing wearing linens and napery, we
consider any proportion from the maximum to the minimum of white peat powder
can be added with great advantage and economy. In carrying our said invention
into effect or practice we proceed with our improvements in the manufacture of
soap, as follows:-In the manufacture of soap for ordinary washing purposes we
take tallow or olive oil soap, or alkaline salt (obtained by the saponification or
decoinposition of fats or olive oil by caustic soda) and when in the liquid or hot
state, before being allowed to solidify, we add to it and thoroughly mix, seven or
eight per cent by weight of "Kieselguhr," "Diatomite," or white peat powder, and
then allow the mixture to cool, solidify, and be formed into shapes as hard soaps
are ordinarily prepared. In making a special soap for cleaning silver or gold plate
we find it necessary to have the greatest percentage possible of the "Diatomite'
powder, and as too much of it has a tendency to make the soap too friable
when cold, we add a solution of pipe clay to give greater consistency and
permanency to the mixture. The proportions of the ingredients we have found
best for this soap are sixty per cent of ordinary olive oil or tallow soap in the
liquid or warm state, thirty per cent of "Diatomite" powder, and ten per cent of
pipe clay in a ground or powdered state. For cleaning and polishing metals of all
kinds, and for cleaning greasy surfaces on machinery, or wood, and also for cleaning
glass when begrimed by smoke and dirt, as for instance the glass roofs of railway
stations, we make an inferior soap to the above from soft soap, (obtained by the
saponification or decomposition of fats or oils by caustic potash) in the liquid state,
combined with "Diatomite" and common blue clay in the proportions of fitfy per
cent of soft soap, thirty per cent of "Diatomite" powder, and twenty per cent of

page_text: blue clay. In manufacturing soap for toilet purposes, we take pure olive oil soap,
refined by the usual careful process, and while it is in the warm liquid state we
add the "Diatomite' or white peat powder. We find that ten per cent of
"Diatomite" added to the refined liquid soap and perfumed with essential essence
of any desired kind, makes a very excellent toilet soap for constant use. The
action of the Diatomite is detergent, and to make a more emollient soap, a small
quantity of the essential oil of "Eucalypties" may be added. The "Diatomite
white peat powder may also be combined in the same proportions with other bases
while they are in the liquid state, for making a toilet soap, such as Glycerine soap,
Sulphur soap, Coal Tar soap, or any of the other various kinds of soaps.
"
or
For a good medicinal soap for skin use we have found the following ingredients
to answer well:-Suet sixteen parts; olive oil four parts; 38° Beaumé soda Lye
seven parts; 38° Beaumé potash Lye four parts; as ingredients for the soap bases,
to which after saponification and separation of glycerine, before solidifying, we add
"Kieselgühr," "Diatomite," or white peat powder about seven parts.
Medicinal soaps for skin use are greatly improved by the addition of "Diatomite "
or white peat powder, as its action tends to so thoroughly cleanse the skin and
open the pores, that the medicament has a greater chance of being efficacious and
remedial. This has been found to be the case in practice where for instance a soap
containing "Diatomite" and "Iodoform" was found much more effectual as a
remedy, than a soap containing "Iodoform" alone.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare, that what
we claim is :-
First. The manufacture of soaps as herein distinguished, with their relative
proportions of "Kieselguhr," "Diatomite," or white peat powder, all substantially
as herein described.
Second. The application and use of "Kieselguhr," "Diatomite," or white peat
powder, as an ingredient in soaps, substantially as herein set forth.
Third. In the manufacture of soft soaps (or cleansing compounds,) the adding of
'Kieselguhr," Diatomite, or white peat powder, substantially as herein set forth.
Dotad this 94th day of Santambar 1886