Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 14th Mar. 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus.
I, GAVIN MORTON, Designer, with the Firm of Alexander Morton & Coy.,
Manufacturers, Darvel, in the County of Ayr, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to jacquard apparatus more especially as applied to looms
or weaving such fabrics as are employed for chenille weft, Brussels and other
carpets and other fabrics in which wefts or warps of a variety of colourings are
selected by the jacquard in the weaving operation, the object of the present
improvements being to minimise the number of cards required for making a very
large and varied selection whilst employing a comparatively simple and easily
operated jacquard mechanism.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention Figures 1 and 2 are
respectively a transverse vertical section and a longitudinal vertical section of the
improved jacquard apparatus Figure 3 is a plan of the same with the grid partly
broken away, and Figures 4 to 10 are views of details hereinafter referred to.
The apparatus consists of a framing A adapted for erection overhead of the loom
and fitted with a barrel B carrying the chain of cards C and which is operated by
rods and levers D, from the loom in the usual way, the card barrel B being further
operated to present to the needles or their equivalents only a row at a time of the
holes cut in the cards, the several rows of holes being brought in succession opposite
the needles in a well known manner. When desired however the whole of the
cut surface may be used at each reciprocation of the barrel to act on a number of
horizontal rows of needles. The tails of the jacquard harness for raising the
selected warp
or weft are attached to the lower ends of vertical hooks or
upstanders "e the hooked upper ends of which are upon selection engaged by
the bars g of a grid G of ordinary form which is vertically reciprocated in
guides G by an arm G2 on a rock shaft G³ actuated by a rod and lever G* from
the loom. The upstanders e near their upper ends pass through eyes formed in or
by a series of horizontal wires or needles H as shewn at Figure 10 fitted with
springs or acted on by a spring box which presses the needles and with them the
upstanders in the direction necessary to ensure the engagement of the upstanders
by the grid, whilst a clapper board I carried on a bell crank and operated by a
rod 12 or levers from the loom presses back the needles H to free the upstanders as
the grid is lowered.
And
The upstanders which have upturned feet resting normally upon a bottom board.J
are fitted in rows to bear upon the edges of a number of rows of notched slides K
which whilst they prevent movement of the upstanders due to the action of the
springs also prevent the grid engaging and raising them. The selection of the
warp or weft thread to be raised is effected by the opening up of one or more of
the notches k in the slides I permitting the upstander in proximity to such opening
being pressed by the spring à into position for engagement by the grid G.
the movement of the slides K to select the upstanders is effected by the cards upon
the barrel. The slides K are fitted with needle like ends adapted to be acted on
by the jacquard cards and are arranged in transverse rows either of single slides or
each containing a number of superposed slides four being fitted in each row in the
example shewn. These slides which are shewn to a larger scale in a superposed
set or tier in different positions in Figures 4 and 5 and each slide of the tier
separately at Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 have the notches & in them so cut that when laid
directly one over another as they remain when unacted on by the jacquard barrel
one notched opening is left for the entry therein of an upstander as indicated at
D

page_text: Figure 4 and when one or more of the needle ends are pressed in by an uncut portion
of the card an opening is formed at another point as indicated at Figure 5 for the
entry of a different upstander. In the present instance the notches in the several
slides of each row are so 'formed that when the needle ends are unacted on an
opening is left for upstander e¹. When the end of the slide K¹ is pressed in by
the card a notched opening is formed for upstander 2. To obtain an opening for
upstander the end of slide K² is pressed in. For upstander e' slides K' and K
are acted on; for upstander e slide K³ is pressed in; for upstander e slides K¹
and Kare pressed in; for upstander slides K and K are acted on and for
upstander e slides K', K³, K are used whilst for upstander e slide K* is used.
In like manner by acting successively on slides K₁ K, K' K, K¹ K* K*, K³ K*,
K K K K K K, and K K K K openings are made in succession for
upstanders eo, e", e¹², e¹³, el, e¹s and e16. Similar or other combinations of move-
ments may be adopted in case of extending the number of upstanders and other
arrangements of the notches in the slides may be employed and for the notched
slides indented wires may be substituted to obtain the selection of the upstanders
which are to be acted on by the grid G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of parts constituting the improved jacquard apparatus
hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In a jacquard apparatus the arrangement of notched slides or dented wires
acted on by the card barrel to select the hooks or upstanders of the harness
substantially as herein before described.
3. In a jacquard apparatus the combination of the notched slides or dented wires,
upstanders, spring actuated needles and clapper board acting in conjunction with a
reciprocating grid substantially as described.
Dated this Ninth day of February 1891.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.