An Oiling System for Engines and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 5th Feb.,
1898
An Oiling System for Engines and the like.
I, CHARLES FREDRIK ENGMAN, of 311, 6th Street, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to automatic oiling plants or systems for the boxes,
bearings and other parts of machinery.
It is the especial purpose of the invention to avoid all fluid pressures such as that
of compressed air as the agent for impelling the oil to the bearings because I find
such fluid pressures to be detrimental to the operation and I therefore aim to get
rid of even such small quantities of air as may in any manner get into the oil. The
invention is operated therefore by pumping oil against a valve loaded to the proper
pressure which pressure is according to hydraulic principles distributed through-
out the system.
At the parts to be lubricated I also do away with oil cups and substitute a
peculiarly formed regulating valve which chokes down the feed to the desired rate
and the outlet side of this valve is freely opened to atmosphere.
The invention also relates to the details and combinations of parts of the appara-
tus by which the oil feed is maintained and controlled.
Referring to the drawings which accompany the Specification to aid the
description.
It is
Figure 1 is a view of a machinery plant equipped with my invention.
designed to clearly present a comprehensive view of how the invention may be
applied and operated in connection with a steam engine and other apparatus.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on a larger scale of one of the regulating valves,
and Figure 3 is an elevation of the body part of the same; Figure 4 being a hori-
zontal section on line 4-4 of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a detail of certain parts of the system on larger scale than that of
Figure 1, and showing the filters in section. Figure 6 is a section of the pressure
valve.
The construction and application of my invention is as follows:
A being an engine, and B any apparatus driven thereby by belt C, the various
moving joints are oiled by my regulating valves T T in connection with other parts
of my invention to be hereinafter described.
D is an oil tank, having an opening d to atmosphere, and connected by pipe e,
with any suitable pump E, driven by any suitable engine. Pipe f leads from the
delivery side of pump E into and nearly to the top of cylinder F. Said cylin-
der F, which is closed at the top and connected with a pressure gauge H and pet
cock h, is an intermediate oil chamber or reservoir, wherein I develope the pressure
and separate any air that may have got into the oil. For as the oil enters from
pipe f, it falls down to the bottom of said cylinder F, displacing the air, which is
gradually compressed at the top, and from time to time drawn off by pet
cock h; any oil that may escape with the air being caught in the funnel at the
top of pipe i, and returned to the tank D through pipe 9, with which pipe i connects
at the cross j. Said cross ; may also be connected with filters K of any suitable

page_text: description. I may, of course, omit said filters from the system, but when said
filters K K are used I prefer to warm the oil in, the filters by means of a steam
pipe x.
4. Is t
In the manner just described I separate practically all the air. from the oil and
much increase the efficiency of the system thereby.
I effect the distribution of the oil as follows: On pipe g from the top of cylin-
der F, and which pipe g is returned to tank D, I place a weighted valve G of any
suitable description, arranged to open from cylinder F. In practice I prefer a
spring-weighted valve, where the valve plug is forced on a seat in the ordinary
manner by a spring, the pressure being regulated by the compression of the spring.
Said valve G is arranged to close with any desired pressure, sufficient to force the
cil to all desired points, cylinder F being abundantly strong enough to withstand
that pressure; and: whenever the pressure increases above that. limit valve G
opens as a relief, a certain quantity of oil escaping from cylinder F and returning
to tank D. Thus my invention in this respect consists in pumping oil against a
valve, as G loaded to a desired pressure, which pressure thus generated in cylin-
der F goes by pipe f provided with valve f', ultimately to the main pipe s, and
thence to the said regulating valves T T. Between said cylinder F and said
valves T TI prefer to interpose filters R R, though my invention can be operated
without them. Said filters R are two in number, so that, in case one clogs up, it
may be cut out by valves 93 and 26, without stopping the system. Said filters R
have a chamber 21 connected with inlets 25 controlled by said valves g², and from
which chambers 21 are suspended baskets 23 constructed of wire mesh, soldered
on metal rings 24, said rings resting on a diaphragm 28 as shown. I prefer to
surround said baskets 23 with a filtering cloth 20, such as burlap. The outlets 27,
controlled by valves 26, connect with pipes rr which ultimately join into main
pipes. Caps 22, 22, are provided to permit the inspection of the filters R and
removal of the baskets 23.
Said main s and its branches s¹ go in any suitable direction to whatever point or
joint or bearing is to be oiled, as for example, to the cross-heads and pillow blocks
of an engine, and the bearings of other machines. At those points said main s
and branches s¹ connect with my said regulating valve T shown approximately full
size in Figs. 2, 3, and 4. 1 is the inlet through threaded boss 2, 3 is a cone-ended
spindle, threaded through boss 14 and seating on inlet 1. Disk 4 fixed on
spindle 3, has peripheral notches 5, in some one of which bears a spring 6 posi-
tioned by a screw 7. When the disk 4 is turned by the operator to any position
spring 6 engaging some one notch 5 holds the disk and spindle in that position,
thus maintaining the desired opening in the valve. Chamber 8 has a sloping
bottom 13, down which the oil trickles drop by drop to orifice 9. Said orifice 9 is
of good size, and is connected with atmosphere by openings 10 through the wall
of the valve T. From orifice 9 the drops of oil fall into outlet 11, through boss 12,
which is screwed on the joint to be lubricated, and connected in the usual manner
with the points where the oil is to be delivered. T¹ is a plug seating in the valve
as shown.
Said valves T are not oil cups; are expressly designed not to contain oil, but
merely to provide controlled channels through which the oil can trickle at a desired
rate, and for this purpose the chamber in said valves is connected directly with
atmosphere by a good sized opening as described, so that no pressure can be
developed in the valve. Oil does not collect in the valve, but merely trickles down
the sides and bottom of chamber 8, and I facilitate this by the grooves 8*, beneath
inlet 2.
From the lower side of the cross heads, pillow blocks, and other joints where a
valve T is placed, lead return drip pipes P P preferably graded downward to a
pipe p¹, from which controlled by proper valves m, lead branches 11 to the afore-
said filters K K. Ultimately the waste oil from the drip pipes p p, having been
filtered in filters K K goes again into the tank D by pipes and g.

page_text: The aforesaid openings 10 are used as sight feeds to determine the rate at which
the oil is dripping.
From the description hereinbefore given, it will be seen that in my system there
is a continual circulation of oil, produced by the action of the pump combined with
that of the loaded valve, from the oil tank to the bearings and thence back by the
drips and through suitable filters to the tank, and that the oil is to the greatest
possible degree free from air or other gaseous fluid.
In lubricating bearings of dynamos, the pipes s or s¹ and p¹ can be insulated in
any suitable manner as at 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:--
1. The combination in a lubricating system, of a reservoir for the lubricant, a
pump adapted to draw the lubricant therefrom, an oil and air separating chamber,
a pipe from the pump to the upper part of said chamber, and an outlet pipe from
below the oil level of said chamber substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. The combination in a lubricating system of a reservoir for the lubricant a
pump adapted to draw the lubricant therefrom an oil and air separating cham-
ber operatively connected at its upper part with said pump an outlet pipe from
below the oil level of said chamber and a loaded valve operatively connected with
said chamber F and against which the pump works substantially as described.
3. The combination in a lubricating system and with joints to be lubricated of a
reservoir for the lubricant a pump operatively connected therewith an oil and air
separating chamber operatively connected with the outlet side of the pump a
loaded valve operatively connected with the said chamber and against which the
pump works a pipe from the outlet side of said valve back to the reservoir a pipe
from below the oil level of said separating chamber to the joints drip pipes from
the joints back to the aforesaid reservoir and filters operatively connected with
said drip pipes substantially as described.
1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.