THE APPLICATION OF A CERTAIN KIND OF GOATS' HAIR IN IMITATION OF HUMAN HAIR TO THE MANUFACTURE OF HEAD DRESSES, MOUSTACHES, AND ALL KINDS OF FALSE HAIR, AND THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THE SAME
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Rushton, of 48A Northampton Road, Clerken-
well, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"THE APPLICATION OF A CERTAIN KIND OF GOATS' HAIR IN IMITATION OF
HUMAN HAIR TO THE MANUFACTURE OF HEAD DRESSES, MOUSTACHES, AND ALL
KINDS OF FALSE HAIR, AND THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THE SAME.”
Sealed the 14th November 1865, and dated the 18th May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Rushton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
May 1865.
I, HENRY RUSHTON, of 48A, Northampton Road, Clerkenwell, in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "THE APPLICATION OF A CERTAIN KIND OF GOATS' HAIR IN IMITATION
OF HUMAN HAIR TO THE MANUFACTURE OF HEAD DRESSES, MOUSTACHES, AND ALL
KINDS OF FALSE HAIR, AND THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THE SAME," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
The hair which I make use of is imported in a raw state, and is fine and
white.
The first process to which it is subjected is that of boiling till all
the animal matter is extracted; it is then put into salt and water and
thoroughly soaked to make it take the dye (no matter of what colour) into
which it is placed when taken from the salt and water, after which it is
dried, carded, and drawn through. brushes into equal lengths, the short parts

page_text: being craped for the backing of head dresses and all kinds of false hair, and
plain back or Brighton bows, the long fibres being used for covering the same
and forming the imitation hair.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Rushton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th
November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, HENRY
RUSHTON, of 48A, Northampton Road, Clerkenwell, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
ller reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Rushton, Her special licence that I, the said Henry
Rushton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Henry Rushton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"THE APPLICATION OF A CERTAIN KIND OF GOATS' HAIR IN IMITATION OF HUMAN
HAIR TO THE MANUFACTURE OF HEAD DRESSES, MOUSTACHES, AND ALL KINDS OF
FALSE HAIR, AND THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THE SAME," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Henry Rushton, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Rushton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The hair which I make use of is that of the lama goat, and is imported in
a raw state, is fine and white, and is known as mohair, that kind which I
prefer to use is also known as "mohair tops."
"

page_text: The first process to which it is subjected is that of boiling till all the animal
matter is extracted; it is then washed in a bath of salt and water made hot,
the degree of heat being from 100 to 120 Farh.; the quantity of salt should
be 1 lb. to every five or six gallons of water. From this saline bath it is
immersed in a second bath prepared with sulphate of copper in which it
remains for 24 hours. When taken out of this bath it is again washed in
one or more clean waters, cold; I then boil it in catechu liquor. After it
has been boiled sufficiently in this liquor sulphate of iron is added, varying
in quantity according as the color or shade of the hair is required to be
lighter or darker. When taken from this liquid it is to be again washed
in warm water and soft soap, and dried; it is then carded and drawn through
suitable brushes in order to separate the different lengths. The short parts
are then craped and the long hair woven to be made up as required.
The second process is that of crisping the short hair. After this hair is
separated as above described, and craped, it is boiled in a liquor prepared as
follows: To every two quarts of water I add a table-spoonful of liquor, con-
sisting of 1 oz. of glacial acid, 2 oz. acetic acid, and 2 oz. of alcohol, thoroughly
mixed in a separate vessel. By this process the hair, which is otherwise soft,
becomes crisp, and is suitable for being formed into rolls, backings of head
dresses, and for foundations of various forms for being covered with all kinds
of false hair, while the long hair separated therefrom and treated as before
described I apply in imitation of human hair for covering the foundations
and forming plain "back" or "Brighton bows" or any other plain hair head
dresses, and apply the same also in the manufacture of various kinds of false
hair, such as ringlets, coronets, head dresses, whiskers, moustaches, and
the like.
I claim the processes and application herein described and the making up
of the crisped hair separately and in combination with the plain bair.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Rushton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of November, A.D. 1865.
HENRY KUSHION. (L.S.)