IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS OR RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING OILS OR OTHER LIQUIDS."
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Fowler of Bradford in the county of York for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS OR RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING OILS
OR OTHER LIQUIDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Fowler at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1883.
JAMES FOWLER of Bradford in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS
OR RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING OILS OR OTHER LIQUIDS."
My invention relates to constructing and employing vessels or receivers for
storing and holding oils or other liquids, which allows of keeping the oils or liquids
clean and also an easy withdrawing of the same in any required quantity by means
of a piston fitted in the cylindrical case of the vessel or receiver the piston being
actuated by means of a screw operated on by bevil wheels or by wheel gear.
For this purpose I employ cylindrical vessels made of cast iron, sheet iron, or
tin for storing upwards of ten gallons of oil or liquid or thereabout and for larger
quantities I employ cylindrical vessels or receivers made of sheet iron which may
be galvanized. The vessel for storing small quantities is made with a foundation
plate which may be cast with the vessel, or the cylinder of the vessel may be
rivetted on the foundation plate or otherwise secured; the top plate of the
foundation plate is provided with a step in which fits and works the end of a rod
or shaft cut in the length with a screw and the screw works through a screwed
bush which is secured in a boss formed in the centre of the piston plate which
allows the screwing down of the piston to press and force out the oil or liquid
through a delivery pipe, or the piston can be screwed up to allow of passing the
surplus or overflow of the oil or liquid coming from the delivery pipe into the
vessel and under the piston to the oil or liquid.
The screwed rod or shaft works in a bearing formed on a stay which is secured
in the inside of the cylindrical vessel and near the top; on the top of the screwed
rod or shaft is fitted a bevil wheel which is actuated by a bevil pinion or by two
bevil pinions which is or are secured on a shaft working in bearings formed in bent

page_text: up arms of the stay and on the shaft and outside the vessel is fitted and secured a
hand wheel by which to work the piston down or up.
The piston when pressing down on the oil or liquid contained in the vessel or
receiver forces the oil or liquid up a delivery pipe which is fitted near the bottom
of the vessel and is brought up outside the vessel and over the top and turned
downward the end being fitted with a tap; in withdrawing a supply the tap is
opened and the piston worked downwards and the forced up oil or liquid is
discharged in a receiver to be taken away and any surplus or overflow of oil or
liquid is received in a small cistern or receiver fitted to the cover of the vessel;
the top of the cistern is fitted with a grating or with wire netting to prevent dirt
passing into the cistern and the bottom of the cistern is provided with small holes
for the surplus or overflow of oil or liquid to pass in the vessel and fall on the top
of the piston also for the passage of air in the top of the vessel.
To pass the oil or liquid from the top of the piston to the oil or liquids
contained in the vessel and under the piston the screw is actuated and reversed
and the piston brought up leaving a space between the oil and the underside of the
piston; the weight of the oil or liquids on the top of the piston and the pressure
of air causes the oil or liquid to pass through clacks or valves fitted in the plate
of the piston and fall in the lower part of the vessel and mix with the oil or
liquid contained therein.
The piston may be fitted on the outside with a leather ring or the piston may
be formed with several cavities on the side surface; a lid or cover is fitted on the
top of the cistern after a supply has been removed.
Large vessels or receivers are made by preference of sheet iron and galvanized
and made cylindrical or may be made with flat sides; in the inside of the vessel is
fitted a tubular casing in which works a piston actuated as hereinbefore described
and the delivery pipe is fitted inside the vessel but outside the tubular casing and
the bottom plate of the casing is fitted with valves so that the pressure of the oil
or liquid in the vessel forces the oil or liquid in the tubular casing through the
valves, and on the piston being actuated and pressed down, causes the closing of the
valves and the forcing up of the oil in the delivery pipe and a supply of oil or
liquid is taken

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Fowler in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd October
1883.
JAMES FOWLER of Bradford, in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS
OR RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING OILS OR OTHER LIQUIDS'
"
My invention relates to constructing and employing vessels or receivers for
storing and holding oils or other liquids, so as to allow the keeping of the oils or
liquids clean and also an easy withdrawal of the same in any required quantity
by means of a piston fitted in the cylindrical case of the vessel or receiver; the
piston being actuated by means of a screw operated by bevil wheels or by wheel
gear.
For this purpose I employ cylindrical vessels made of cast iron sheet iron or tin
for storing upwards of ten gallons of oil or liquid or thereabout and for larger
quantities I employ cylindrical vessels or receivers made of sheet iron which may
be galvanized. The vessel for storing small quantities is made with a foundation
plate which may be cast with the vessel, or the cylinder of the vessel may be
rivetted on the foundation plate or otherwise secured. The top plate of the
foundation plate is provided with a step in which fits and works the end of a rod
or shaft cut in the length with a screw and the screw works through a screwed bush
which is secured in a boss formed in the centre of the piston plate which allows
the screwing down of the piston to press and force out the oil or liquid through a
delivery pipe or the piston can be screwed up to allow of passing the surplus or
overflow of the oil or liquid coming from the delivery pipe into the vessel and
under the piston to the oil or liquid.
The screwed rod or shaft works in a bearing formed on a stay which is secured
in the inside of the cylindrical vessel and near the top; on the top of the screwed
rod or shaft is fitted a bevil wheel which is actuated by another bevil wheel which
is secured on a short shaft on which is secured a hand wheel to work down or up
the piston.
The piston when pressing down on the oil or liquid contained in the vessel or
receiver forces the oil or liquid up a delivery pipe which is fitted near the bottom
of the vessel and brought up outside the vessel and over the top and turned
downward the end being fitted with a tap; in withdrawing a supply the tap is
opened and the piston worked downwards and the forced up oil or liquid is
discharged in a receiver to be taken away and any surplus or overflow of oil or
liquid is received in a small cistern or receiver fitted to the cover of the vessel,
the top of the cistern is fitted with a grating or with wire netting to prevent dirt
passing into the cistern and the bottom of the cistern is provided with small holes
for the surplus or overflow of oil or liquid to pass in the vessel and fall on the top
of the piston also for the passage of air in the top of the vessel.
To pass the oil or liquid from the top of the piston to the oil or liquids contained
in the vessel and under the piston, the screw is actuated and reversed and the
piston brought up leaving a space between the oil and the underside of the piston ;
the weight of the oil or liquid on the top of the piston and the pressure of air
causes the oil or liquid to pass through small holes, clacks or valves formed in or
fitted to the plate of the piston and to fall in the lower part of the vessel and
mix with the oil or liquid contained therein.
The piston may be fitted on the outside with a leather ring or the piston may
be formed with several cavities on the side surface; a lid or cover is fitted on the
top of the cistern after a supply has been removed.

page_text: Large vessels or receivers are made by preference of sheet wrought iron and
galvanized and made cylindrical or may be made with flat sides; in the inside of
the vessel is fitted a tubular casing in which works a piston actuated as herein-
before described and the delivery pipe is fitted inside the vessel but outside the
tubular casing and the bottom plate of the casing is fitted with valves so that the
pressure of the oil or liquid in the vessel forces the oil or liquid in the tubular
casing through the valves and on the piston being actuated and pressed down,
causes the closing of the valves and the forcing up of the oil in the delivery pipe
and a supply of oil or liquid is taken.
In order to enable my improvements to be fully understood I will proceed to
describe the same by reference to the accompanying (drawing in which figure 1,
represents a sectional elevation of a vessel for storing and holding ten gallons of
oil or other liquid or thereabout; figure 2 is a plan of the piston; figure 3, is a
plan of the cover; figure 4, a plan of the cover grating; figure 5, represents a
sectional elevation of a vessel for storing and holding large quantities of oil or
liquid; figure 6 represents a sectional plan of the tubular casing and top plan of
the piston having a straight or flat side; figure 7, represents a guard to fit under
the small oil holes of the piston and to prevent the corks from falling onto the oil or
liquid in the cylindrical vessel-Similar letters of reference are used in all the
figures to represent similar parts.
A, is the cylindrical vessel which may be made with a flat side as shewn in
figure 6, so that the piston may have a flat side and be thereby prevented from
turning and allows of doing away with an upright guide rod over which works
the piston of a cylindrical vessel; the tubular cylinder A, (or the cylinder having a
flat side) is by preference secured to a foundation plate B; in the cylinder is fitted
a piston C, made with a metal ring or plate D, which is secured in position on a
metal boss or bush E, which fits the under part of the collar F; when the ring or
plate D, is passed into position over the boss E, a leather ring G, is placed on the
under side of the plate and kept in position by the metal ring H, which is secured
to the piston plate D, by screws I. A leather ring J, is fitted over the boss E, and
made to cover the small oil holes K, and over the boss E, and under the leather
ring J, is fitted a metal guard L, to prevent the leather ring opening more than is
required; the boss is cut with a screw M, on which is screwed a nut N, keeping
the leather ring J, and guard L, in position; it is obvious that the piston may be
constructed with a flat side and I sometimes, instead of employing the leather
ring J, and guard L, employ curved guards O, having bottom gratings; in the
curved guards are fitted corks F¹, which fit the small oil holes K, figure 7, the
guards O, are secured on the underside of the piston plate D, and over the oil
holes K. The boss or bush E, is cut with a screw in which works a screwed rod
or shaft P, whereby to screw down the piston to press and force out the oil or
liquid through the delivery pipe Q; or the piston can be screwed up and over the
oil or liquid R, contained in the vessel A, to allow the surplus or overflow of the
oil or liquid coming from the delivery pipe to pass into the vessel and mix with
the oil or liquid in the vessel. Near the top of the vessel is secured a stay
bracket S, in which works the top T, of the screwed rod or shaft P, and on the
top T, is secured a bevil wheel U, which gears into another bevil wheel V,
secured to a small shaft W, working in a boss ✗, cast or secured to the stay
bracket S; a small hand wheel Y, is also secured to the shaft W, and may be
kept locked or secured by a chain and padlock when a supply of oil or liquid is
not required.
To give a supply of oil or liquid the hand wheel is released from the chain and
the bevil wheels actuated so as to cause the piston to press on the oil or liquid
and force-it up the delivery pipe Q, which is brought over the top of the vessel A,
and turned downwards, a tap Z, being secured on the end of the pipe; in with-
drawing a supply the tap is opened and the oil or liquid is discharged into a
receiver to be taken away; any surplus or overflow of oil or liquid is received in a
small cistern or receiver A³, fitted to the cover B¹; in the cistern A¹, is fitted a

page_text: grating C, or wire netting to prevent dirt passing into the cistern or vessel A, and
the bottom plate D¹, is provided with small holes E', for the surplus or overflow
oil or liquid to pass into the vessel and fall on the top of the piston and for passing
air into the top of the vessel.
To pass oil or liquid from the top of the piston to the oil or liquid contained in
the vessel, the screw is actuated the reverse way whereby the piston is lifted up
leaving a space between the oil or liquid in the vessel and the underside of the
piston, the weight of oil or liquid on the top side of the piston and in the small
holes K, forces out the leather ring J, or the weight of the oil or liquid forces in the
corks F, (figure 7) which are kept from falling into the cistern by the guards O;
the weight of the oil or liquid and the pressure of air causes the oil or liquid to
pass and fall into the lower part of the vessel and mix with the oil or liquid
contained therein.
Large vessels or receivers G', are made by preference of sheet wrought iron and
galvanized and cylindrical in section or with a flat side; inside of the vessel is
fitted a tubular casing H¹, which may be made with a flat side as shewn in
figure 6,; in the casing works a piston which is constructed and actuated as herein-
before described but the delivery pipe Q, is fitted inside the vessel and the bottom
or foundation plate I, is inclined, the bottom plate J, of the casing is fitted with
valves L¹, and the seats of the valves may be fitted with small balls M¹, and over
the valves are fitted wire guards N¹,; the screwed shaft P, may work in a step O¹,
or be left loose as shewn in figure 1,. When the piston C, is actuated and pressed
down, the balls M³, close on the seats and force the oil in the casing up the delivery
pipe Q, and a supply of oil is taken.
Having thus described my invention and the best means I am acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect I would have it understood that what I
claim is :-
The construction and employment of vessels or receivers for storing and holding
oil or liquids, which are fitted with pistons so as to allow the withdrawal of the
oil or liquids in any required quantity, substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and represented by the annexed drawing
In Witness whereof I the said James Fowler have hereto set my hand and seal
this twenty-eighth day of September in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three
Tha MAINITT
Witness.
WALTER JAS. TURNER C.E
Patent Agent
Bradford
JAMES FOWLER
(U.S.)