c tur of Box Nailing and other similar Machinery.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 21st Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 25th Jan., 1887.
[Communicated from abroad by WILLIAM SPENCER DOIG, of Brooklyn, in the County
of Kings and State of New York, one of the United States of America, Manufac-
turer of Box Nailing and other similar Machinery.]
I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of 52 Chancery Lane, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Paient Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention has for its object. Improvements in Box Nailing Machines, and it
relates, firstly to the nail conducting and driving mechanism, and, secondly to the
nail receiving and distributing devices.
The invention further relates to the various details of the machine which will be
described in the following specification.
In carrying out the invention a main framing and a base or bed plate are employed.
A main or driving shaft is supported in bearings, by preference supported in brackets
or standards bolted to the base or bed plate.
Motion is communicated to the main shaft by means of a driving pulley (or a series
of driving pulleys) which runs freely on the main shaft except when connected thereto
by means of a #clutch" or "connector which is by preference of description known
and described as Frisbie's clutch, which is operated, by preference, by a treadle-lever
arranged in position to be actuated by the foot of the operator when it is desired io
connect the driving shaft with the main shaft of the machine.
Upon the driving shaft of the machine is also mounted a gear wheel, which takes
into and drives a larger gear wheel mounted on the end of a shaft.revolving in
bearings, formed on or affixed to, the standards or brackets.
Upon a shaft is mounted an arm or lever, on the outer end of which is formed or
applied a bearing surface or anti-friction pulley, adapted at each revolution of the said
shaft to come into contact with a dog or projection, forming the short arm of an Llever,
on the outer end of which is applied a projection or anti-friction pulley, working in a

page_text: groove or slot, formed in a friction clutch; the object of the projection or anti-friction
pulley, being to throw the clutch out of contact with the pulley at each revolution of
the shaft, just at the time that the cross-head has effected a stroke, for the purpose of
inserting a nail, or series of nails in the side, end, or other portion of a box.
The cross-head is supported with capability of sliding vertically in grooves or
channels, formed in the upper end of the main framing.
Motion is communicated to the cross-head by means of a connecting-rod, the lower
end of which is connected to a pin or stud, formed on or affixed to an eccentric, keyed
or otherwise attached to a shaft, while its upper end is connected to a pin or stud
formed on or affixed to the centre of the rear of the cross-head.
At the rear of the cross-head, is arranged a frame, formed or provided with exten-
sions, adapted to slide freely in vertical slots formed in standards, forming part of the
nail-box frame, which on each side is formed or provided with lateral extensions,
adapted to be received and slide freely in grooves or bearings formed in the opposite
sides of the main frame.
A punch-holding frame, is held in position by means of plates, applied to the rear of
extensions, and secured by bolts, or otherwise in such manner as to prevent the frame
getting out of position.
On the underside of the punch-holding frame, is formed an extension, in the upper
surface of which is constructed a groove or channel adapted to receive the hooked ends
of the heads of the punches.
The hooked ends of the heads of the punches are formed flat both on their upper
and lower surfaces and they are retained in position in the extension, by means of a
plate or plates, pivoted at one end to the underside of the front extension, of the cross-
head, whilst its opposite end is held in position, when desired, by a turn button, or
other suitable retaining device.
When it is desired to place a punch or punches in position, or remove the same, the
plate or plates are turned into a suitable position, thereby leaving a space between the
underside of the extension, to allow of the raising of the heads sufficiently to allow of
their hooked ends, passing freely to or from the channel, in the extension. When
the punch or punches have been placed in position, the plate or plates are turned into
such a position that the punches will be held firmly in the desired position.
Any number of nail boxes corresponding to the number of punches employed, and
the size and number of nails to be driven at any time by the machine are employed.
The nail boxes are formed on their rear faces with extensions, which are formed on
their undersides with projections adapted to rest in the upper portion of an inverted
T-groove, extending across the upper surface of an extension, formed on the front face
of the nail box frame.
Bolts are employed, the heads of which are slid into the lower or wider portion of
the inverted T-groove, with their shanks extending upwards in position to pass
through notches or recesses in the extensions of the nail boxes.
Check nuts are employed for the purpose of tightening the screw bolts when the
nail boxes are arranged in position. At the rear of the nail box frame, are arranged
pendent supports, to which are connected by screw nuts, pairs of guide stops, for
regulating the position of the end or side of the box for the time being formed.
The pendent supports are preferably connected together by curved connecting pieces.
In order to move the nail box frame, and the frame, automatically to and fro when
desired to regulate the positions at which the nails shall be inserted, there are formed
on the lateral extensions projections or friction pulleys adapted to engage with the
surfaces of a pair of cams mounted on a shaft, which is supported in bearings, formed
in or affixed to adjustable pivoted rods or bars, each of which at its upper end is pivoted
to adjustable bolts or bearings held in segmental grooves, formed in arms or extensions
supported at the rear of the framing.
A shaft is revolved by means of a ratchet wheel, the teeth of which are taken into
by a clawker or driver, mounted on a swinging lever or plate working freely on a shaft,
and provided at its extension with a pin or bolt to which is pivoted the lower end of a
bent rod, the upper end of which is hinged to the rear of the punch frame or cross-

page_text: head, in such manner that at each upward movement of the punch frame or cross-head
a pawl will cause a ratchet, and consequently a shaft to make a partial revolution,
thereby changing the position of the cams mounted thereon. The object of the cams,
being to force the frame with the nail boxes and punches and the pendents and guide
stops forward to the desired extent to bring the nail boxes into the proper position in
relation to the end or side of the box being made, so that the nails shall be thrown
into the centre of the width thereof.
The nail box frame and its connected parts are driven forwards when desired, by
means of the cams, and it is brought back when released from the cams, by means of a
spring or springs, one end of which is connected to the nail box frame, whilst the
opposite end is attached to a collar, carried by a shaft.
Upon the outer end of the cam is mounted an index wheel, on the periphery of
which at equal distances apart are arranged figures, letters, or symbols, indicating the
position of the cams.
Supposing that four sets of letters are arranged in the following order, on the index
wheel, viz. In 1," "Out 1," "In 2," "Out 2." This may however be varied and
the said letters, figures or symbols may be and are preferred to be applied on adjustable
plates, so that their position or number may be readily varied.
By "In 1," it will be understood that the frame and its parts have been pushed
forward by the cam to an extent adapted to bring the parts into position for nailing the
first side of a box frame with the end flush with the sides.
By Out 1," it will be understood that the frame and its parts have been pushed
forwards once a sufficient distance to nail the end of a box frame of greater thickness
or which is intended for a box having a recessed end adapted for the reception and
protection of labels or other advertising designs or distinguishing marks, and conse-
quently requiring the nails to be inserted at a greater distance from the end of the side.
By In 2" and "Out 2," it will be understood that the respective operations have
been repeated.
The object of thus indicating the position of the parts at the last operation of nailing
is to avoid mistakes on starting the machine, particularly when employing new or
inexperienced hands.
The extent to which the nail box frame and its connected parts are pushed forwards
is regulated by the surface of the cams. When the enlarged surface is presented, the
parts will he brought into position to nail "Out," and vice versa when the smaller or
depressed portion is brought into operation the inachine will nail "In.”
The order in which the times of nailing "In" or "Out" may be regulated at will
by changing the order and number of the extensions or depressions of the cams or
their extent of surface.
If the extensions are one quarter of the circumference, and the depressions three
quarters of the circumference the machine will nail "Out" once and "In" three times
and then again "Qut" once and so on.
By extending the enlarged portion to half the circumference the machine will alter-
nately nail "Out" twice and then "In" twice. If the projections and undulations
were alternated the machine would alternately nail "In" and "Out."
The extent to which the nail box frame and its connected parts may be pushed
forwards is further regulated by adjusting the position of the bolts, of the pivoted rods
or bars in segmental grooves, and consequently the position of the shaft, and its cams.
The extent to which the frames can be drawn backwards is regulated by thumb
screws or other equivalent stops, supported in or by bearings. The stops at each
backward movement of the frame come against the main framing and insure the
proper position of the nail boxes and punches in relation to the centre of the end and
the other portion to be nailed when such portion is narrow or all portions are of the
same thickness.
A table is provided for the support of the box or boxes to be nailed. This table is
provided with flanges or other suitable guides, to keep it in proper position laterally in
relation to the framing and is controlled vertically in position by means of a screw,
supported with capability of free revolution in a block, carried by a standard. At its
-

page_text: upper end the screw is turned down so as to be capable of free rotation in a bearing
formed on or affixed beneath the table.
To the upper end of the screw is connected a chain wheel, around which passes a
chain, which also passes around a chain wheel, mounted on a spindle carried by the
under front of the table. On the underside of the chain wheel is formed or affixed a
hand wheel, in position to be within easy reach of the hands of the workman tending
the machine.
By turning the hand wheel, in one direction or the other, by means of the chain
wheels, and chain, the screw will be turned so as to raise or lower the table, and adjust
the same to the size of box desired to be nailed.
The nails may be supplied to the nail boxes, by means of nail feeding mechanism.
The following is a description of the nail feeding mechanism combined with slight
modifications of construction of the main portions of the machine.
In carrying out this part of the invention a nail feeder pan is employed, which is
by. preference of a rectangular form and its front is provided at each side with
pivots carried by brackets, by preference forming part of the front plate of the pan.
The pivots rest in bearings, carried by the main framing of the nail feeding mechanism,
hereinafter more fully described and which is adapted to supply nails in regulated
quantities and order, as may be desired. In the bottom of the nail feeder pan are
formed a series of channels, the width of which is adjustable from time to time, in
order to accommodate the device to nails of various sizes. The width of the channels is
controlled by adjusting the position of one of each of a pair of plates, forming
channels for the guidance of the nails to the nail feeding mechanism, for the accommo-
lation of a nail of a given size for the purpose of making the channels register with
the channels or nail ways of the feeding mechanism.
One set of the plates are held in position by screws and are adjustable laterally, so
as to allow of their being drawn nearer to, or farther from the other set of plates, in
order to allow of a wider or narrower channel between the plates, for the accommo-
dation of a nail of any given size.
On their upper sides the plates are provided with surface plates, which are firmly
secured to one of the pair of plates, by means of screws; and are at their rear ends
provided with separate curved or angular extensions, extending out to a part of the
nail feeder pan, in which the nails are first placed by the attendant.
The nails having been placed in the receiving part, they will be automatically shaken
up and distributed into the channels, by the action of a cord or chain, one end of which
is by means of a hook connected with the rear end of the nail feeder pan. The cord
or chain passes up over a pulley, and is carried down and connected to a hook, formed
on the end of a lever, which, is pivoted to a lever bracketed to a chain wheel pulley,
carried by a bracket, bolted to a casting carried by a rear bracket or standard.
The curved or angular extensions, serve to guide the nails automatically into the
channels, and insure their being dropped into a pendent position, ready to be discharged
from these channels, and carried down nail ways, formed between pairs of plates,
constituting the nail ways.
Series of plates are bolted or connected to a rectangular frame, which is held rigidly
in position, laterally, by means of extensions, forming part of the rear bar of the said
frame.
The extensions are pivoted in brackets, formed on, or affixed to the framing.
Series of plates, are bolted or connected to a rectangular frame the front and rear
bars of which rest against and slide upon the front and rear bars of the frame previously
referred to. This frame, and its plates are retained in position laterally by means of
adjusting screws, tapped into lugs, formed on the faces of end pieces.
The front ends of the screws bear against the end portions of the frame. By
slackening or withdrawing one or other of the set screws and forcing up the opposite
one of the said pair of adjusting screws, the width of the nail ways, will be regulated
to accommodate any size or grade of nail.
The plates of the nail feeding pan, are arranged to overlap the plates of the mail
feeder, so that a correct delivery is ensured.

page_text: In the event of too many nails accidentally passing the regulating bar, and the
channels becoming so clogged that the nails held therein shall extend backwards
sufficiently to come under the overlapping plates, the pivots will rise so as to
accommodate the said accumulation and avoid fracture of said pivots, or the plates of
the pan, or the plates of the nail feeder.
As a guard against any nail being improperly delivered from the nail feeding pan
to the feeder, the weighted bar, supported on bearings mounted on axes, is employed,
which is provided on the underside with passage ways for the heads of the nails when
the same are in proper position for the passage to the feeding mechanism, but in the
event of any one or more of the nails being out of position the weighted bar, will when
the pan is dropped, throw such nail or nails backwards and prevent the clogging up of
the nail channels.
The weighted bar is formed with passage ways, the front end of each of which is
provided with slight extensions, adapted to fall into the grooves or channels, so as to
prevent the wedging of the weighted bar, in the event of the nail or nails being
supplied in an improper position.
After the nails have passed down the nail ways, they are arrested by a stop, which
is pivoted to a block, which is supported with capability of adjustment on a bar, with
capability of supplementary or alternate attachment to another bar. There are a
series of blocks, and stops, one of each for each nail way. The blocks are formed with
grooves, adapted to fit upon a bar, and are by preference retained thereon by means of
flush plates, secured by screws. I can however, if desired form the blocks and the
plates, in one piece by casting or otherwise. The blocks, with their stops, are held in
position to operate individually with either one of the nail ways by means of removable
pins or screws, which are capable of being applied so as to connect the blocks at will
with either of the bars. When the screws or pins, are applied in one position, the
blocks will be connected with one bar, but when the said pins or screws are applied in
a different position, the said blocks will be connected with another bar.
In operating the machine some of the blocks may be connected to one bar, whilst
the others are connected to another or other bars, the effect of which will be to produce
a variation in the position of the respective nails, as delivered by the nail boxes, in
position to be driven by the punches, as hereinafter more fully explained.
To one bar is bolted a pair of hearing pieces, which are provided with bearings for
the reception of the second bar or bars.
The bars are supported in sockets formed in brackets, bolted or otherwise connected
to extensions, of the frame. On the side of the bracket is mounted a spring, or
series of springs, adapted to bear against the end of one bar, whilst to a bracket is
connected a spring or series of springs, adapted to bear against the opposite end of the
other bar.
In putting the machines together care must be taken that the spring or springs of
one bar are of greater power than the opposing spring, so that the tendency will be
always to keep one bar in a given direction.
One bar is prevented from being forced too far outwards by a bearing piece, coming
in contact with a bracket, whilst the other bar is controlled in its outward movement
by means of a pin, which bears against a bearing piece, sufficient space being left
between the bearing piece and the bracket, to allow of the necessary traverse of the
bars when desired and for the purpose of allowing of the action of the first bar
independently of the second bar.
At its upper end each stop is provided with an arm, arranged by preference at right
angles to the said stops. Beneath each of the arms is arranged a coiled or other
suitable spring, which bears against the upper surface of an extension, formed on the
face of a block.
Upon the rear of each of the stops is formed a projection adapted to bear against the
underside of the extension, so as to counteract the pressure of a spring, and hold the
stops correctly in a vertical position in front of the nail ways.
The stops on their sides which face the nail ways, are curved so as to form hooks or
projections, adapted to engage with the head of each nail in succession as it passes

page_text: down the nail way, and hold the same in position to be discharged into receivers by
means of which the said nails are conducted to the feed pipes, and thence into the
funnel of the nail box, in position to be forced into the top, side, or other portion
of a box, by means of a punch, hereinbefore referred to, which at proper time is forced
down through the punch way, in the nail box.
Any number of nail boxes may be employed, the number varying according to the
size of the nails for the time being used, and the number of nails to be driven at any
given time by the machine.
The nail boxes are formed on their rear faces with extensions which may be of
different lengths, either arranged alternately or otherwise, for the purpose of varying
the position of the nails driven, as hereinafter more fully explained.
The extensions on their undersides are formed with projections, adapted to rest in
the upper portion of an inverted T-groove, extending across the upper surface of an
extension, formed on the front face of the nail box frame.
When it is desired to simultaneously insert nails into a box in positions at different
distances apart, both laterally and horizontally, or in other words so as to cause two
or other number of rows of nails to be inserted, the nail boxes will be placed in
position in the order desired. The nail boxes to make the first row having short
extensions, whilst those to make the second row, will be provided with long
extensions.
The nail boxes, are formed by preference, in two halves, secured together by bolts or
screws. The lower portion of each half of the nail box, is cut away so as to form a
recess for the reception of one half of a nail clamp. Each half of the nail clamp is
formed of two external plates, between which is arranged a pivoted plate, the external
plates being connected together by rivets, which also form bearings for the pivoted
plates.
The external plates, and pivoted plates are so formed that when the two halves of
the nail clamps are in a closed position, they shall present an oval cavity, having a
flaring or bell-shaped mouth, and a tapering bottom, adapted to receive and retain for
the moment, a nail from a receiver and pipe through the funnel of a nail box. After
a nail has dropped into the cavity a punch immediately descends and the shank of the
nail is forced down between the lower ends of the pivoted plates, thereby causing them
to separate and form a passage for the shank of the nail. When the shank of the
nail has been forced down, the head of the same will come against the tapering bottom,
the effect of which is to cause the two halves of the nail clamp, to be forced outwards
so as to allow of the passage of the head of the nail being driven.
The halves of the nail clamp are each formed with curved shoulders, at their upper
ends, so as to allow of their pivoting outwards on the said shoulders. The halves are
held in position in their sockets by means of pins or studs, attached to the pivoted
plates, and which are received in the ends of a pair of flat springs, secured at their
upper ends in grooves, formed in the halves of the casting of the nail box. Beneath
the springs, are arranged another pair or series of springs which are shorter and bear
only upon the external plates of the halves."
The springs are by preference retained in position by means of wedges firmly
wedged in above the upper ends of the said springs and between the inner edges of
the grooves.
The lower ends of the springs are so formed and are of such length that they shall
allow of the forcing outwards of the lower ends of the plates, whilst at the same
time the halves, are held in position by the springs until the moment the lower ends
of the said halves are thrust outwards by the head of the nail when the two sets of
springs will act simultaneously on the plates, forming the halves and also on the
pivoted plates, the object of this peculiar arrangement and construction of the plates
and the springs being to insure the different nails being correctly driven into position
by the punches, and when the punches have effected their stroke of the parts
automatically reassuming the positions ready for the reception and conduct of
another nail.
A shaft is mounted in bearings, formed in brackets, formed on or affixed to the

page_text: framing. Upon one end of the shaft is mounted a short lever, to the outer end of
which is pivoted the upper end of a connecting rod, the lower end of which is pivoted
to a bracket which receives a vertical reciprocating motion from the main shaft, by
means of an eccentric, and connecting rod, constructed and arranged as before
described.
Upon the shaft at intervals is mounted a series of cam devices.
The cam devices each consist of a boss, which is secured to the shaft by set screws
or other suitable retaining means. Upon the upper side of the bosses, is formed a
bracket, in which is formed the bearing for the rear end of a curved cam which is
pivoted on a vertical pin, with capability of swinging back laterally on its pin, in
the event of a nail coming in improper position in relation to the front end of the
pointer.
To the underside of the forward ends of each of the plates is bolted or otherwise
secured a casting formed with a bearing for a pointer, which consists of a metallic rod,
having a tapering point at one end adapted to come between the first and second nail
in the ways and allow of only the first nail passing to the space between it and the
stop, and at the other end a knob or head, adapted to be borne against by a spring for
the purpose of keeping the said head constantly bearing against the inner face of its
cam cach cam being provided with a spring, adapted to keep the same bearing against
its pointer head.
The casting is adjustable beneath the plates to and from the stops for the purpose
of accommodating the shanks of nails of larger or smaller diameter.
The casting is
formed with a flange, adapted to rest against the outer edge of the plate, and it is
adjusted in position by a screw passing through the plate and adjustable in a slot in
the said plate.
The cams are oscillated backwards and forwards by a shaft at each respective
movement of the cross-head.
A short arm is bolted to the above mentioned shaft, to the lower end of which arm
is pivoted one end of a lever, the opposite end of which is pivoted to the lower arm of
a double lever mounted on a shaft, the upper arm of which is provided with a friction
pulley or surface, adapted to engage with the underside of one of the plates of the
feeding mechanism, for the purpose of rocking the frames, every time it is desired to
feed a nail. A second lever provided with a friction pulley or surface is mounted on
the opposite end of the shaft, for the purpose of keeping the frames true and avoiding
undue friction on the parts thereof.
Upon the end of the said shaft, opposite to that on which is mounted a lever, is
affixed a cam which is formed with an inclined surface, adapted to come against the
end of a bar, at each reciprocation of said shaft, and forces the same laterally, carrying
with it a bar (unless said bar is held stationary as hereinafter described) and also such
of a series of blocks and stops as may be desired, a sufficient distance to take such
stops sufficiently laterally to allow of the passage of a nail from the desired number of
nailways, and delivering the same to their respective receivers, to be conducted to the
nail hoxes, for their insertion into the box or device being constructed.
One of the bars is formed with an enlarged portion at one end adapted when the
said bar is forced forward, to cause that end of the bar to rise in its bearing in a
bracket, whilst at its opposite end the said bar is formed with a depression on its lower
side, the upper side of its bearing in its bracket being correspondingly higher so that
the main portion of the bar will serve the same purpose as the enlarged portion, and
will cause a corresponding rise in its end of the bar.
The bars are held down at all times in their bearings in the respective brackets, by
means of bearing picces, working in guides bolted on the upper sides of brackets anil
controlled downwardly by spiral or other suitable springs.
The object of the said rise of the bars is, to cause a look, on the lower ends of the
stops, to tilt the heads of the nails backwards so as to tilt the ends of their shanks
forwards from the receivers and insure their proper delivery to the tubes of the
receivers.
The operating cam is timed to press the bars forwards immediately the pointers have

page_text: been forced forwards by another cam or cams, and to allow of the return of the same
immediately the nails have been delivered into the receivers.
When it is desired to supply nails to some of the nail boxes and not to others, the
ways leading to the boxes, it is not desired to use, are closed by stops.
This stoppage of the ways is effected by placing pins of blocks in position to prevent
the lateral motion of the bar, by turning a cam into position to prevent the lateral
motion of the bar. In this case only those stops whose blocks are connected to one
bar will be operated to allow of the passage of a nail to the nail boxes, to which they
correspond. In this case a cam may be turned into position by hand where it will be
retained by means of a frictional bearing, adapted to embrace a hub on the inner
surface of another cam. The frictional bearing is formed by preference of a split rod
or lever bolted to the framing.
The pressure of the bearing, is regulated by a set screw, passing through the two
ends of the split rod or lever.
.
When it is desired to use in regulated order some of the nails supplied from the
nail ways, controlled by stops connected to blocks, controlled by a rod, and some nails
supplied from ways, controlled by stops connected to blocks, controlled by a second
rod, the cam may be automatically brought into position to stop the end of said rod,
and release the same by bringing a driver, pivoted to an arm, carried by a lever, into
position to engage with one or more of a series of teeth, formed on a boss, cast or
otherwise formed on the side of a cam.
A cam is employed adapted to stop said bar twice and allow it to act freely twice to
each revolution of the shaft.
This however may be varied if the cam is extended it may stop said bar three times
and free it once for each revolution of shaft, or, by removing cam and supplying one
having two surfaces forming quadrants of a circle opposite to each other with equal
spaces between said quadrants, the effect will be to operate bars alternately. Other
variations may be readily made by using differently arranged cams and timing the
parts to correspond.
The receivers are formed with wide extensions at their upper ends, curved outwards
and on their sides facing the feeding apparatus are formed with an open mouth and an
extension gradually inclining and decreasing in depth to a point where it becomes a
simple tube, the lower end of which is received into a tube leading to a funnel of the
nail box.
The receivers are held in position by means of sockets formed on or affixed to a bar,
which is held in position with capability of vertical adjustment by means of vertical
bars, extending down from the underside of the framing, and passing through sockets,
in the ends of the bar.
The receivers are held in position in their sockets, by means of set screws, whilst
the bar is also held when adjusted by means of set screws.
The object of supporting the receivers on an adjustable bar is to allow them to be
raised or lowered simultaneously when the machine is adjusted for use with longer or
shorter nails so as to ensure their proper reception by the extensions.
The driving shaft is thrown out of connection with the driving pulley, by means of
an arm mounted on an axis which at the time desired comes against a conical exten-
sion formed on the side of the cone of the clutch.
The punches are formed with heads and hooked extensions of a similar construction
and applied to the punch holding frame in a similar manner to that before described.
The length of the heads will be varied so as to make the punches accord with the
punch cavities in the nail boxes.
A stop operating mechanism can be used in which only a single bar is employed,
and the stops are pivoted directly to the bar instead of to intermediate stops capable of
connection at will to either of a pair of operating bars, as before described.
By the improvements great saving is effected in the wear and tear of machinery and
the danger of breakage of the parts through which the nails have to pass and also of
the parts controlling the passage of the nails is greatly lessened, if not absolutely
avoided.

page_text: By adjusting the position of the arm, on the shaft, a variation of stroke may be
imparted to the levers, so as to give a greater or less rise and fall to the nail feeding
mechanism, for the purpose of accommodating the angle of the nail ways of the said
mechanism according to the facility or otherwise with which nails for the time being
used will flow through the said nail ways.
The nail ways may be formed with automatic adjustments so as to allow of great.
freedom of passage in the event of any obstruction arising.
In place of forming the nail boxes as above described the passages for the punch
and the nails may be formed of independent hinged portions or sections, capable of
automatic displacement and readjustment in the event of any obstruction or disar-
rangement, owing to the improper feed of the nails, or otherwise.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Box Nailing Machines.
I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of 52, Chancery Lane, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention which has
been communicated to me from abroad by William Spencer Doig, of Brooklyn, in the
County of Kings and State of New York, one of the United States of America,
Manufacturer of Box Nailing and other similar Machinery, and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
-
This invention has for its object, Improvements in Box Nailing Machines, and it
relates, firstly, to the nail conducting and driving mechanism, and secondly to the
nail receiving and distributing devices.
The invention further relates to the various details of the machine, which will be
described in the following specification.
The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and represent what I
consider the best, means of carrying out the invention.
Referring to the drawings:
Figure 1, is a side elevation.
Fig. 2 a back view.
Fig. 3 is a front view and,
Fig. 4 is a central vertical section of the improved machine.
Figs. 5 to 17 inclusive show detail views of parts on a larger scale.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the cross-head frame with one punch in position..
Fig. 6 is an end section through the centre of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is an underside view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a plan, and
Fig. a vertical section of the nail-box frame and paris immediately connected
therewith.
Fig. 10 is a partial plan and
Fig. 11 a partial side view of parts immediately connected with the nail box frame.
Fig. 12 is a plan, and
Fig. 13 a section of the tripping mechanism for throwing the clutch out of contact
and stopping the machine.
Fig. 14 is a separate view of the upper part of the main framing separately.
Fig. 15 is a detached view of the nail-box frame and parts immediately connected
therewith.
Fig. 16 is an enlarged diagram of the upper part of Fig. 2.
Fig. 17 is an enlarged diagram of the upper part of Fig. 4.
Figs. 18, 19 and 20. are enlarged views of the cams.
Fig. 18 is a front view of the cams in the position shown by Fig. 11.
Fig. 19 represents the cams in position to operate the frames "in" and out"
alternately.

page_text: Fig. 20 is a sectional end view of the cams in the position shown by Fig. 19.
Similar letters of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts wherever
they occur.
A A represent the main framing, and A¹ the base or bed plate.
Bis the main or driving shaft, which is supported in bearings a a, supported in
brackets or standards a' a', bolted to the base or bed plate A'.
Motion is communicated to the main shaft by means of a driving-pulley, B₁, which
runs freely on the main shaft B, except when connected thereto by the clutch C
(shown separately in Fig. 12,) and which I prefer to be of the description known as
Frisbie's Clutch," which is operated by means of a series of levers, c c c², (see
Fig. 1.) operated by preference by a treadle-lever, (see Fig. 1) in position to be
actuated by the foot of the operator when it is desired to connect the driving-pulley B¹
with the shaft B to drive the machine.
Upon the shaft B is also mounted a gear-wheel, B, which takes into and drives a
larger gear-wheel, D, (see Figs. 1 and 2) mounted on the end of a shaft, d, revolving
in bearings a², formed on or affixed to the standards or brackets a'.
Upon the shaft d is mounted an arm or lever d'; (see Figs. 4, 12, and 13,) on the
outer end of which is formed or applied a bearing surface or anti-friction pulley e
(shown in Fig. 4 and on a larger scale in Figs. 12 and 13,) adapted at each revolution
of the shaft d, to come into contact with a dog or projection e, forming the shori arm
of an lever E, (Figs. 1, 12 and 13) on the outer end of which is applied a projection
or an anti-friction pulley or roller e², (Figs. 1, 12 and 13.) working in a groove or
slot e, formed in the friction clutch C the object of the projection or anti-friction
pulley or roller e, being to throw the clutch out of contact with the pulley B', at each
revolution of the shaft d, just at the time that the cross-head F, has effected a stroke,
as hereinafter more fully described, for the purpose of inserting a nail or series of nails
in the side, end or other portion of a box.
The cross-head F is supported with capability of sliding vertically in grooves or
channels a³, formed in the upper end of the framing A, (see Figs. 2 and 3.)
Motion is communicated to the cross-head F, by means of a connecting-rod F
shown clearly in Figs. 1, 2 and 4; the lower end of which is connected to a pin or
stud b, formed on or affixed to an eccentric B³, keyed or otherwise attached to the
shaft d, while its upper end is connected to a pin or study, formed on or affixed to the
centre of the rear of the cross-head F.
At the rear of the cross-head F, is arranged a frame G, formed or provided with
extensions g, g, adapted to slide freely in vertical slots h, h, formed in standards, ³,
(see Fig. 3) forming part of the nail-box frame H, which on each side is formed or
provided with lateral extensions *, *, (see Figs. 10 and 15,) adapted to be received
and slide freely in grooves or bearings a', formed in the opposite sides of the main
frame A, (see Fig. 14.)
The punch-holding frame G, is held in position by means of plates g', g', (shown at
Figs. 2 and 16) applied to the rear of the extensions 9, 9, and secured by bolts or
otherwise in such manner as to prevent the frame G getting out of position.
On the underside of the punch-holding frame G, I form an extension g². (see
Figs. 5 and 6) in the upper surface of which is constructed a groove or channel,
adapted to receive the hooked ends, of the heads i, of the punchies I.
The hooked ends, of the heads i, of the punches I, are formed flat both on their
upper and lower surfaces and they are retained in position in the extension g², by
means of a plate or plates j, (see Figs. 6 and 7) pivoted at one end to the underside of
the front extension F², of the cross-heard F, whilst its opposite end is held in position
when desired by a turn button ", or other suitable retaining device.
When it is desired to place a punch or punches I, in position, or remove the same,
the plate or plates are turned into a suitable position as shown at j*, Fig. 7, thereby
leaving a space between the underside of the extension F, to allow of the raising of
the heads, sufficiently to allow of their hooked ends passing freely to or from the
channel g³, in the extension y (see Figs. 6 and 7,) when the punch or punches I, have
been placed in position the plate or plates j, are turned into the position shown by
B 2

page_text: Figs. 5 and 6, and at j** in Fig. 7, when the punches will be held firmly in the desired
position.
H represents one of the nail boxes, of which there may be any number corresponding
to the number of punches employed, and the size and number of nails to be driven at
any time by the machine.
The nail boxes H¹, are formed on their rear faces with extensions 2, which are
formed on their undersides with projections adapted to rest in the upper portion of an
inverted groove ³, extending across the upper surface of an extension H², formed
on the front face of the nail box frame H, as shown clearly by Figs. 8 and 9.
, are bolts, the heads of which are slid into the lower or wider portion of the
inverted groove, with their shanks extending upwards (as shown clearly by Fig. 9)
in position to pass through notches or recesses ³, (see Fig. 8) in the extension ², of
the nail boxes H¹.
>
hare check nuts for the purpose of tightening the screw bolts when the nail boxes
are arranged in position, (see Fig. 9). At the rear of the nail box frame H, are
arranged pendent supports H³, to which are connected by screw nuts, pairs of guide
stops H, H, for regulating the position of the end or side for the time being formed.
The pendent supports H, are preferably connected together by curved connecting
pieces H, as shown by Figs. 8 and 9.
In order to move the nail box frame H and the frame G, automatically to and fro
when desired to regulate the positions at which the nails shall be inserted, I form on the
lateral extensions *, *, projections or friction pulleys 7, (see Figs. 10 and 11) adapted
to engage with the surfaces of a pair of cams k, mounted on a shaft, which is supported
in bearings, 1, formed in or affixed to adjustable pivoted rods or bars L, L, each of which
at its upper end is pivoted to adjustable bolts or bearings ; held in segmental grooves
17, 1, formed in arms or extensions 1, 13, supported at the rear of the framing A.
The shaft, is revolved by means of a ratchet wheel 10, the teeth of which are
represented simply by a circle in Fig. 4, but shown distinctly by the large diagram
Fig. 17, and are taken into by a clawker or driver ", mounted on a swinging lever or
plate 2, working freely on the shaft, and provided at its extension with a pin or bolt
to which is pivoted the lower end of a bent rod A, the upper end of which is hinged
to the rear of the punch frame or cross-head F, in such manner that at each upward
movement of the punch frame or cross-head F the pawl 1, will cause the ratchet 10,
and consequently the shaft ¹, to make a partial revolution thereby changing the
position of the cams k, mounted thereon, the object of the cams k, being to force the
frame H, with the nail-boxes, the pendents H³, and the guide-stops H forward to
the desired extent to bring the nail-boxes into the proper position in relation to the
end or side of the box being made, so that the nails shall be driven into the centre of
the width thereof.
The frame H and its connected parts are driven forward, when desired by means of
the cams kk, and it is brought back when released from the cams k, by means of a
spring or springs, K2, one end of which is connected to the frame H, while the
opposite end is attached to a collar, 2, carried by the shaft k¹.
'
Upon the outer end of the shaft k¹ is mounted an index-wheel, M, on the periphery
of which, at equal distances apart, are arranged figures, letters, or symbols indicating
the position of the cams k. I have supposed in Figures 2, 3, and 16 of the drawings
four sets of letters arranged in the following order: "in 1," "out 1," "in 2," "out 2."
This may however, be varied, and the said letters, figures or symbols I prefer to
apply on adjustable plates m, so that their position or number may be readily varied.
By in 1" I mean that the frame and its parts have been pushed forward by the
cam once to an extent adapted to bring the parts into position for nailing the first
side of a box-frame with the end flush with the sides. By out 1" I mean that
the frame and its parts have been pushed forward once a sufficient distance to nail
the end of a box-frame of greater thickness, or which is intended for a box having
a recessed end adapted for the reception and protection of labels or other advertising
designs or distinguishing marks, and consequently requiring the nails to be inserted
at a greater distance from the end of the side.

page_text: By in 2" and "out 2" I mean that the respective operations have been repeated.
The object of thus indicating the position of the parts at the last operation of nailing is
to avoid mistakes on starting the machine, particularly when employing new or
inexperienced hands.
The extent to which the frame H and its connected parts are pushed forward is
regulated by the surface of the cams k. When the enlarged surface is presented the
parts will be brought into position to nail "out" and, vice versa, when the smaller
portion or hoss or bosses of the cams are brought into position to face the friction
pulleys on the extensions * of the frame H, the springs will draw the frame H
and bring the parts into such position that the machine will nail "in.”
The order in which the times of nailing "in" or "out" may be regulated at will by
changing the order and number of the extensions or depressions of the cams & or their
extent of surface. If the extensions are one quarter of the circumference and the
depressions three-quarters of the circumference, the machine will nail "out"once and
"in" three times, and then again "out" once and so on. By extending the enlarged
portion to half the circumference, as shown by Fig. 11, the machine will alternately
nail "out" twice and then "in twice. If the projections and undulations were
alternated the machine would alternately nail "in" and "out." It will thus be readily
seen that when a nail or series of nails is desired to be driven through a box bottom or
side, at a distance from the end of such bottom or side, so as to bring the said nail or
nails into the centre of a thick piece of wood or a piece of wood arranged at a distance
from the end of the box bottom or side, the cams are arranged to bring the frames F,
carrying the nail box and punches, into position to drive the nails into the material at
the desired point or points while the ends or sides are held in position by the guide
stops H', which are protruded over the surface of the table N or drawn flush with the
face of the framing A, as desired. If they are protruded, the box will be formed with
an end or side countersunk; but if they are flush with the framing A a smooth
rectangular box will be formed.
The extent to which the frame H and its connected parts may be pushed forward is
further regulated by adjusting the position of the bolts, of the pivoted rods or
bars L L in the segmental grooves 1, and consequently the position of the shaft ',
and its cams kk.
The extent to which the frames can be drawn backward is regulated by thumb-
screws or other equivalent stops x, supported in or by bearings, attached to the
lateral extensions **, of the nail-box frame, as shown by Figs. 3 and 10. The
stops at each backward movement of the frames come against the framing A and
insure the proper position of the mail-boxes H and punches I in position to the centre
of the end or other portion to be nailed when such portion is narrow or all portions
are of the same thickness.
N is the table support for the box or boxes to be nailed. This table N is provided
with flanges or other suitable guides, N1, to keep it in proper position laterally in
relation to the framing A, and is controlled vertically in position by means of a
screw, N2, supported with capability of free revolution in a block, N³, carried. by the
standard N. At its upper end the screw N2, is turned down, so as to be capable of
free rotation in a bearing No, formed on or affixed beneath the table N.
To the upper end of the screw N, I connect a chain-wheel around which passes a
chain, N, which also passes round a chain wheel No, mounted on a spindle carried by
the under front of the table N.
On the under side of the chain wheel N8, is formed or affixed a hand-wheel, No, in
position to be within easy reach of the workman tending the machine. By turning
the hand-wheel No, in one direction or the other by means of the chain-wheels No, No,
and chain N, the screw will be turned so as to raise or lower the table N, and adjust
the same to the size of the box desired to be mailed.
The nails are supplied to the nail boxes H₁, by apparatus such as hereinafter
described, or by any other suitable mechanism. I can also employ any other suitable
clutch in place of the Frisbie clutch shown in the drawings.

page_text: Figures 21 to 61 represent a slight modification of my invention with the nail
feeding mechanism I prefer to employ, applied thereto.
Fig. 21 is a front view of the improved machine.
Fig. 22 is a side view of the same.
Fig. 23 is a detail view of the clutch releasing device.
Figures 24 to 61 represent detail views of the various parts.
Similar letters of reference are employed to indicate like parts in the previous and
the following figures.
A A, represents the main framing, and A', the base or bed plate. B is the main or
driving shaft which is carried in bearings a, a, carried by brackets or standards a', a¹,
bolted to the base or bed plate A Motion is communicated to the main shaft B by
means of a driving pulley B³, which runs freely on the main shaft B, except when
connected thereto by the clutch C, and which as above stated prefer to be of the
description known as "Frisbie's clutch," which is operated by a series of levers, ece,
operated by preference by a treadle-lever, e, arranged in position to be actuated by
the foot of the operator when it is desired to connect the driving-pulley B' with the
shaft B, to put the machine in operation. . The clutch C is thrown out of operation
at the desired times automatically by the machine, as hereinafter explained.
O is the nail supply pan, which is by preference of a rectangular form, and at its
front is provided with pivots o, carried by brackets o, o, by preference forming part
of the front. plate O*, of the pan. The pivots o rest in bearings pl, carried by the
main framing of the nail-feeding mechanism P, hereinafter more fully described, and
which is adapted to supply the nails in regulated quantities and order, as may be
desired.
screws o*
In the bottom of the nail supply pan are formed a series of channels o², the width of
which is adjustable from time to time in order to accommodate the device to nails of
various sizes. The width of the channels o², o², is controlled by adjusting the position
of one of each of the pair of plates o³, o, forming the channels of for the guidance of
the nails to the nail-feeding mechanism for the accommodation of a nail of a given
size, and also for the purpose of making the channels o², o², register with the channels
or nail-ways P2 of the feeding mechanism P. The plates are held in position by
and are adjustable laterally so as to allow of their being drawn nearer
to or farther from the plates o, so as to allow of a wider or narrower channel between
the plates o, o, in order to accommodate a nail of any given size. On their upper
sides the plates o³, o, are provided with surface plates o, which are firmly secured to
the plate of, by means of screws o¹, and are at their rear ends provided with separate
curved or angular extensions oº, extending out to the part of the nail feeder pan in
which the nails are first placed by the attendant. The curved extensions of are formed,
by preference, of cast-iron, and should be of slightly greater thickness than the
plates o, in order to present a greater extent of surface to their curved parts, in order
to facilitate the guidance of the nails into the nailways, and they are formed adjus
table, in order that they may be removed and their curved surfaces ground and
adjusted when worn or become roughened by the action of the nails in passage, or
other curved extensions, o, of greater width, supplied in the event of the old ones
becoming narrow owing to wear and regrinding. The nails having been placed in the
part of, they will be automatically shaken up and distributed into the channels o², by
the action of the cord or chain o, one end of which is, by means of a hook, o³, con-
nected with the rear end of the nail supply pan 0. The cord or chain 08 passes up
pulley, oo, and is carried down and connected to a hook q, formed on the end
of a lover, which at 2, is pivoted to a lever, g³, bracketed to a chain-wheel pulley.
carried by a bracket, a³, bolted to a casting, a, carried by the rear bracket or
standard, a. The curved or angular extensions of, serve to guide the nails automati-
cally into the channels of o², and insure their being dropped into a pendent position
ready to be discharged from the channels o² and carried down the nailways ², formed
between the pairs of plates PP, constituting the nailways p². The series of plates P¹
are bolted or connected to a rectangular frame, P4, which is held rigidly in position
over a

page_text: laterally by means of extensions Ps, forming part of the rear bar of the said frame P'.
The extensions P3 are pivoted in brackets ³, formed on or affixed to the framing p.
The series of plates are bolted or connected to a rectangular frame P, the front and
rear bars, of which rest against and slide upon the front and rear bars of the
frame P. The frame 15 and its plates 1" are retained in position laterally by means
of adjusting-screws PP, tapped into lugs p', formed on the faces of the end pieces
of the frame Ps. The front ends of the screws P6 P7, bear against the end portions of
the frame P as shown more clearly by Fig. 32. By slackening or withdrawing one
or other of the set screws P, P, and forcing up the opposite one of the said pair of
adjusting-screws P, P, the width of the nailways p will be regulated to accommodate
any size or grade of nail. The plates o³ and o of the nail supply pan O are formed
of sufficient length that they shall extend beyond the centre of the pivots o, and the
plates P P of the nail-feeder Pare also formed sufficiently long that the respective
ends of the plates 3, of and P1 and P2 shall overlap each other at or about the line of
the centre of the pivots o when the nail supply pan is raised, in order that a correct
delivery of the nails from the ways of the pan O to the ways of the feeder P shall be
insured. The extent to which the plates o³ and o, overlap the plates P and P2 may be
increased if desired. In the event of too many nails accidentally passing the weighted
bar R, and the channels ²² becoming so clogged that the nails held therein shall
extend backward sufficiently to come under the plates o³ ³, the pivots o will rise so as
to accommodate the said accumulation and avoid fracture of the said pivots oo, or the
plates of the pan O, or the plates of the nail-feeder P.
As a guard against any nail being improperly delivered from the nail supply pan O
to the feeder P, I employ a weighted bar, R, supported on bearings, mounted on
axes, and provided on the underside with passage-ways 2, for the heads of the nails
when the same are in proper position for passage to the feeding mechanism; but in
the event of any one or more of the nails being out of position, the weighted bar R
will, when the pan is dropped into the position shown by Fig. 22, throw such nail
or nails backward and prevent the clogging up of the nail-channels. The weighted
bar R is formed with passage-ways the front end of each of which is provided with
slight extensions, adapted to fall into the grooves or channels o², o, so as to prevent.
the wedging of the weighted bar R in the event of a nail or nails being supplied in
an improper position. After the nails have passed down the nail ways, they are
arrested by a stop S, which is pivoted at s to a block, s, which is supported with
capability of adjustment on a bar, with capability of supplementary or alternate
attachment to a bar st. There are a series of blocks sl, and stops S, one of each for
each nailway. The blocks are formed with grooves 3 adapted to fit upon the bar s²,
and are by preference retained thereon by means of flush plates, secured by screws s
I can however if desired, form the blocks s and the plates in one piece by casting
or otherwise. The blocks, with their stops S are held in position to operate
individually with either one of the mailways, by means of removable pins or
screws, which are capable of being applied so as to connect the blocks st, at will,
either with the bar or . When the screws or pins s', are applied in position shown
by dotted lines in Figs. 36 and 37, the blocks will be connected with the bars, but
when the said pins or screws are applied in the position shown by full lines in
Figs. 35 and 36, the said blocks will be connected with the bar ².
In operating the machine some of the blocks may be connected to the bar s², while
the others are connected to the bars, the effect of which will be to produce a varia-
tion in the position of the respective nails as delivered by the nail-boxes H³, in posi
tion to be driven by the punches I, as hereinafter more fully explained.
To the bar is bolted a pair of bearing pieces, which are provided with
bearings for the reception of the bars. The bars s² and are supported in sockets
formed in brackets, bolted or otherwise connected to the extensions P8 of the
frame P. On the side of the bracket 0, is mounted a spring or series of springs s
adapted to bear against the end of the bar 2, while to the bracket s", is connected a
spring or series of springs 3, adapted to bear against the opposite end of the bar st.

page_text: In putting the machine together care must be taken that the spring or springs 12,
are of greater power than the spring or springs s¹³, so that the tendency will always be
to keep the bars, in the direction of the arrow 7. The bar ², is prevented from
being forced too far outward by the bearing-pieces, coming in contact with the
brackets, while the bars is controlled in its outward movement by means of a
pin which bears against the bearing-pieces, sufficient space being left between the
bearing-piece, and the brackets, to allow of the necessary traverse of the bars s
and, when desired and for the purpose, as hereinafter more fully explained, of
allowing of the action of the bars independently of the bar s. At its upper end
each stop S is provided with an arm, 15, arranged, by preference, at right angles to
the said stops. Beneath each of the arms 15, is arranged a coiled or other suitable
spring, which bears against the upper surface of an extensions, formed on the
face of the block s¹.
Upon the rear of each of the stops S is formed a projection, 18, adapted to hear
against the under side of the extensions, so as to counteract the pressure of the
spring, and hold the stops S correctly in a vertical position in front of the
nailways. The stops S on their sides which face the nailways are curved; as
shown at 1, Figs. 55, & 56, so as to form hooks or projections 20, adapted to
engage with the head of each nail in succession as it passes down the nailways p²,
and hold the same in position to be discharged into the receivers T, by means of
which the said nails are conducted to the feed pipes T", and thence into the funnel H*
of the nail-box H', in position to be forced into the top, side, or other portion of a box
by means of a punch, I, which at the proper time is forced down through the punch-
way H, in the nail-box H. I can employ any number of nail-boxes H, the number vary-
ing according to the size of the nails for the time being used and the number of nails to
be driven at any given time by the machine. The nail-boxes H', are formed on their
rear faces with extensions, which may be of different lengths, as indicated by
Figs. 41, 42, and 47, either arranged alternately or otherwise, for the purpose of
varying the position of the nails driven, as hereinafter more fully explained. The
extensions 2 on their under sides are formed with. projections, adapted to rest in
the upper portion of an inverted T-groove extending across the upper surface of an
extension formed on the front face of the nail-box frame H, which is fully described in
the first part of this specification.
The nail-boxes are held in position in a similar manner to thai hercin-before
described.
When it is desired to simultaneously insert nails into a box in positions at different
distances apari, both laterally and horizontally, or, in other words, so as to cause two
or other number of rows of nails to be inserted as indicated by the diagram. Fig. 24,
the nail boxes H will be placed in position in the order desired-the nail-boxes and
punches to make the first row having short extensions, as indicated by full lines in
Figs. 41, 42, and 47, while those to make the second row will be provided with long
extensions, as represented by dotted lines in Figs. 41, 42, & 47.
The mail-boxes, are formed by preference, as shown by the drawings, in iwo
halves, secured together by bolts or screws 7. The lower portion of each
half of the nail-box is cut away at , so as to form a recess for the reception
of one-half of a nail-clamp, H. The two halves are shown together, but detached from
the rest of the nail-box at Figs. 45 and 46. Each half of the nail-clamp H is
formed of two external plates, between which is arranged a pivoted plate 413,
the plates 12, 12, being connected together by rivets 44, which also form bearings for
the pivoted plates 13 The plates are so formed that when the two
halves of the nail clamps are in a closed position, as shown by Figs. 42 and 43,
they shall present an oval cavity, 44, having a flaring or bell shaped mouth 15, and a
tapering bottom, 416, adapted to receive and retain for the moment a nail from a
receiver T, and pipe T, through the funnel H, of a nail-box, H. After a nail
has dropped into the cavity 74, the punch I, immediately descends, and the shank of
the nail is forced down between the lower ends of the plates 3, thereby causing them

page_text: to separate and form a passage for the shank of the nail. When the shank of the nail
has been forced down, the head of the same will come against the tapering bottom h¹o,
the effect of which is to cause the two halves of the nail-clamp He to be forced outward,
so as to allow of the passage of the head of the nail being driven. The halves ", as
as will be seen are each formed with curved shoulders at their outer upper ends, so as
to allow of their pivoting outward on the said shoulders. The halves " are held in
position in their sockets by means of pins or studs, and which are received in the
ends of a pair of flat springs h¹8, secured at their upper ends in grooves 41, formed in
the halves of the casting of the nail-box H. Beneath the springs 18, are
arranged another pair or series of springs, 20, which are shorter and bear only upon
the plates, of the halves ".
The springs and 20 in the arrangement shown are retained in position by means
of wedges, firmly wedged in above the upper ends of the said springs and between
the inner edges of the grooves. The lower ends of the springs 18, are so formed,
and are of such length, that they shall allow of the forcing outward of the lower ends
of the plates 3, while at the same time the halves are held in position by the
springs until the moment the lower ends of the said halves are thrust outward
by the head of the nail, when two sets of springs 18 and 20 will act simultaneously on
the plates, forcing the halves ", and also on the plates 13, the object of this peculiar
arrangement and construction of the plates 13 and the springs being to insure the
different nails being correctly driven into position by the punches, I, and, when the
punches I have effected their siroke of the parts automatically reassuming the positions,
(indicated by Figs. 43 and 44,) ready for the reception and conduct of another nail.
U is a shaft mounted in bearings formed in brackets, formed on or affixed to the
frame p. Upon one end of the shaft U is mounted a short lever, U¹, to the outer end
of which is pivoted the upper end, U2, of a connecting rod, U³, the lower end of which
is pivoted to a bracket, U, formed on or affixed to the cross-head F, which receives a
vertical reciprocating motion from the main shaft B, by means of an eccentric, B³, and
connecting-rod F', constructed and arranged as before described.
Upon the shaft U at intervals is mounted a series of cam devices, W. The cam
devices W each consist of a boss, W1, which is secured to the shaft U by set screws W2,
or other suitable retaining means. Upon the upper-side of the bosses W¹ is formed
a bracket, W³, in which is formed the bearing for the rear end of a curved cam W4
which is pivoted on a vertical pin, W, with capability of swinging back laterally on
its pin W in the event of a nail coming in improper position in relation to the front
end of the pointer W, as hereinafter explained.
To the under side of the forward ends of each of the plates P1 is bolted or otherwise
secured a casting, Z formed with a bearing, , for a pointer, W, which consists of a
metallic rod having a tapering point at one end, adapted to come between the first nail
passing to the space between it and the stop S, and at the other end a knob or head, W
adapted to be bourne against by a spring, W, for the purpose of keeping the said
head Ws constantly bearing against the inner face, W, of its cam W* each cam W
being provided with a spring, W, adapted to keep the same bearing against its
pointer-head Wa
The casting Z is shown separately by Fig. 35. The casting Z is adjustable beneath
the plates P to and from the stops S, for the purpose of accommodating the shanks of
nails of larger or smaller diameter. The casting Z is formed with a flange, adapted
to rest against the outer edge of the plate P, and it is adjusted in position by a
screw, passing through the plate P¹, as shown by Figs. 34 and 35, and adjustable in
a slot, 3 in the said plate P¹.. The cams are oscillated backward and forward by the
shaft U at each respective movement of the cross-head F.
Wis a short arm bolted to the shaft U, to the lower end of which arm is pivoted
one end of a lever, w", the opposite end of which arm is pivoted to the lower arm of
a double lever W12, mounted on a shaft, W13 (see enlarged view, Fig. 61,) the upper
arm of which is provided with a friction-pulley, W, adapted to engage with the under
side of one of the plates of the feeding mechanism 1', for the purpose of rocking the
frames P, Ps every time it is desired to feed a nail.
:
7

page_text: A second lever, W15, and which is only a single lever, is also mounted on the shaft Wa
in position to come under one of the plates of the feeding mechanism P, by preference
at an equal distance from the centre of the device. The levers W15 and W, are fixed
on the shaft in such manner that their centres shall exactly coincide. The levers W12
and Ware both provided with friction pulleys W¼, of equal diameter and at equal
distances from the centre of the shaft W13 for the purpose of keeping the frames 1 P³,
true and avoid undue friction on the parts thereof. The motion of the levers W
and W15, backward and forward causes the outer end of the feeding mechanism P to
be raised and lowered alternately every time a nail is fed through the device, in order
to facilitate its passage.
Upon the end of the shaft U opposite to that on which is mounted the lever U' is
affixed a cam, Us, which as shown more clearly by the views Figs. 48 and 49, is formed
with an inclined surface, Us, adapted to come against the end of the bars at each
reciprocation of the shaft, U, and force the same in the direction of the arrow 2 in
Fig. 21, carrying with it the bar s, (unless said bar is held stationary, as hereinafter
described,) and also such of the blocks and stops S as may be desired, a sufficient
distance to take such stops sufficiently in the direction of the arrow 2, to allow of the
passage of a nail from the desired number of nailways p², and delivering the same to
their respective receivers T, to be conducted to the nail boxes H', for insertion into the
box or device being constructed. The bar s², as shown by Fig. 58, is formed with an
enlarged portion, s, at one end adapted when the said bar is forced in the direction of
the arrow 2, Fig. 21 to cause that end of the bar to rise in its bearing in the brackets",
while at its opposite end the bar is formed with a depression, 22, on its lower side,
the upper side of its bearing in the bracket so, being correspondingly higher, so that
the main portion of the bar will serve the same purpose as the enlarged portions,
and cause a corresponding rise of its end of the bar. The bars and are held
down at all times in their bearings in the respective brackets, 0, by means of
bearing-pieces 3, working in guides, bolted on the upper sides of the brackets $10 $11,
and controlled downwardly by spiral or other suitable springs 5, (shown clearly in
Fig. 58.) The object of the said rise of the bars ss is to cause the hook 20 on the
lower ends of the stops S, to tilt the heads of the nails backward, so as to tilt the ends
of their shanks forward from the receivers T, and insure their proper delivery to the
tubes of the receivers T. The cam U5 is timed to press the bars ss forward imme-
diately the pointers We have been forced forward by the cams W, and to allow of the
return of the same immediately the nails have been delivered into the receivers T.
:
When it is desired to supply the nails to some of the nail boxes H', and not to
others, the ways, leading to the boxes H it is not desired to use, are closed by their
stops S. This stoppage of the ways p² is effected by placing the pins of the blocks s',
in the position shown by dotted lines, by turning a cam X, (fixed loosely on the shaft U)
into position to prevent the lateral motion of the bar s. In this case only those stops S
whose blocks s¹ are connected to the bar will be operated to allow of the passage of
a nail to the nail boxes H, to which they correspond. In this case the cam X may be
turned into position by hand, where it will be retained by means of a frictional
bearing X, adapted to embrace a hub on the inner surface of the cam X. The frictional
bearing is formed, by preference of a split rod or lever, X2, bolted to the framing p.
The pressure of the bearing X is regulated by a set screw X³, passing through the
two ends of the split rod or lever X²
When it is desired to use in regulated order some of the nails supplied from nail-
ways p², controlled by stops S connected to blocks s', controlled by the rod s2, and
some nails supplied from ways p², controlled by stops S connected to blocks s', controlled
by the rod, the cam X may be automatically brought into position to stop the end of
the rods and release the same by bringing a driver, w², pivoted to an arm ², carried
by the lever u¹, into position to engage with one or more series of teeth formed on a
boss, X, cast or otherwise formed on the side of the cam X.
In the drawings I have shown the cam X adapted to stop the bar twice and to
allow it to act freely twice to each revolution of the shaft U. This, however, may he
varied. If the cam X is extended, it may stop the bar three times and free it once

page_text: for each revolution of the shaft U; or by removing the cam X and supplying one having
two surfaces forming quadrants of a circle arranged opposite to each other, with equal
spaces between the said quadrants, the effect will be to operate the bars 51
alternately. Other variations may however, be readily made by using differently
arranged cams X and timing the parts to correspond.
The receivers T are formed with wide extensions T3 at their upper ends which are
curved outward at t, and on their sides facing the feeding apparatus P are formed with
an open mouth extending from t to t, and from t¹ to , the extension T³ gradually
inclines and decreases in depth to the point 3, where it becomes a simple, tube, T, the
lower end of which is received into a tube, T', leading to the funnel H* of the nail
box H¹.
The receivers T are held in position by means of sockets T+, formed on or affixed to
a bar, T, which is held in position with capability of vertical adjustment by means of
vertical bars T, extending down from the underside of the framing p, and passing
through sockets t' in the ends of the bar T5.
The receivers T are held in position in their sockets T by means of set-screws tº,
while the bar T is held, when adjusted, by means of set-screws t.
The object of supporting the receivers T on an adjustable bar, T is to allow them to
be raised or lowered simultaneously when the machine is adjusted for use with longer
or shorter nails, so as to insure their proper reception by the extensions T³.
The driving-shaft B is thrown out of connection with the driving-pulley B¹ by means
of an arm, d, mounted on the axis d, which, at the time desired, comes against a
conical extension, e*, formed on the side of the cone of the clutch C.
The punches I are formed with heads and hooked extensions of a similar construe-
tion, and applied to the punch-holding frame in a similar manner to that before
described. The length of the heads will be varied, as indicated by dotted and full
lines in Figs. 41, 42, 47, so as to make the punches I accord with the punch-cavities
in the nail-boxes H².
Figs. 59 and 60 show a slight modification of the stop mechanism in which only a
single bar, 2, is used, and the stops S are pivoted directly to the bar, instead of to the
intermediate stops capable of connection at will to either of a pair of operating-bars,
as described in the previous figures.
By my improvements great saving is effected in the wear and tear of the machinery,
and the danger of breakage of the parts through which the nails have to pass, and also
of the parts controlling the passage of the nails, is greatly lessened, if not absolutely
avoided.
By adjusting the position of the arm W* on the shaft U a variation of stroke may
be imparted to the levers W12 W15, so as to give a greater or less rise and fall to the
nail-feeding mechanism 1', for the purpose of accommodating the angle of the nailways
of the said mechanism P, according to the facility or otherwise with which nails for
the time being used will flow through the said nailways.
The operation of the main parts of this machine is similar to that hereinbefore shown
and described.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A box-nailing machine arranged and constructed and operated substantially as
shown and described.
2. In a box-nailing machine, as described, the combination, with a punch-holding
frame, as G, and with a punch-carrying cross-head, as F, of a nail-box frame, as H,
and cams, as k, operated from the cross-head, and having connections whereby the
frames and their operating parts are brought into any designated or desired position,
as set forth.
3. In a box-nailing machine, as described, the combination with a punch-holding
frame, as G, and a nail-box frame, H, as described, of a punch-carrying cross-
head reciprocating in vertical guides, a cam-shaft having interchangeable cams and
connections, as k*,,, whereby said cams are operated from the cross-head, as set forth.

page_text: 4. The combination; with the frames & H, cam-shaft, and cams &, of the adjustable
bars L, ratchet 10, pawl, and bent rod k, hinged to the cross-head, as and for the
purposes set forth.
5. In a box-nailing machine, the combination, with the cross-head F and means for
reciprocating it, of detachable punches I, having hooked ends, and pivoted plates
arranged to release said punches or lock them to the cross-heads at will, as set forth.
6: In a box-nailing machine as described, the combination, with the frame H and
its adjustable nail-boxes H', of the cams k, the set screws, and the springs ²,
arranged for joint operation as set forth.
all
7. In a box-nailing machine as described, the combination with the frame II, having
extensions *, and with guides at in frame A, of the cams k, and the controlling-screw,
and lug a, as and for the purpose set forth.
8. The combination of the nail controlling and driving mechanism with the lever k³,
adjustable pivoted rods L L, and a rod guide or guides, 73, substantially as described.
9. In a box-nailing machine, the combination of a nail box frame provided with a
slotted extension, H2, with the independently adjusted nail-boxes H', bolts, and a
check nut or check nuts, /, substantially as shown and described.
10. The combination with the punch-holding frame and an independently detachable
punch or series of punches, of a removable locking plate or plates, j, adapted when
desired to come between a surface of the cross-head and the head or heads of the
punch or punches, substantially as and for the purpose described.
11. In a box-nailing machine, the combination of a punch-holding frame formed
with a slotted or grooved extension, with one or more punches, I, with corresponding
hook-shaped heads i, and a removable locking plate or plates j, substantially as shown
and described.
12. The combination, with the shaft. B and crank and pitman connection with the
reciprocating cross-head F, of said cross-head, a pulley mounted on said shaft B,
a shaft arranged parallel with the said shaft B, and geared therewith, an arm mounted
on said auxilliary shaft and a clutch as C, and an elbow-lever E, arranged in the path
of the arm on the auxilliary shaft to throw the clutch out of gear at each revolution of
the said shaft and at each complete stroke of the cross-head, as set forth.
13. The combination of a box-holding table or support of a box nailing machine
with the adjustable screw support N2, chain wheels N, No, .chain N7, and hand-
wheel No, the whole being arranged and constructed to operate substantially as shown
and described.
and
14. In a box-mailing machine, the combination, with the cam-operating shaft k¹,
a cam or cams k, of an index wheel M, substantially as and for the purpose described.
15. In a box-mailing machine, the combination of the cam-operating shaft k, and a
cam or cams, k, with an index wheel, M, provided with removable indicating plates m,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
16. In a box-nailing machine, the combination with the frame H, having T-groove h³
and with nail boxes H¹, bolts, and set nuts hº, of the pendent H³, having guide H
and curved connecting-pieces H³, as and for the purposes set forth.
17. In a box-nailing machine, substantially as described, a nail-supply pan, as O,
arranged in rear of the nail-feeding device P, and having pivots o, supported in open
journals pl the said pivots being arranged to rise freely when the nail-feeding device
becomes clogged, as herein set forth.
18. A nail-supply pan having plates in its bottom forming nailways and being
pivoted at the rear of the nail-feeding mechanism and having plates forming its
nailways extended beyond the pan to overlap the plates forming the nailways of
the nail-feeding mechanism when the front end of the said supply-pan is raised,
substantially as shown and described.
19. The combination, with a nail-feeding mechanism provided with plates forming
nailways, of a nail-supply pan, also having plates in its bottom forming nailways, the
said supply pan being pivoted in the automatic vertically adjustable bearings at the
rear of the nail-feeding mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose described.
20. The combination with a pivoted nail-supply pan provided with plates in its

page_text: bottom forming ways for the reception and guidance of nails, of a pivoted bar arranged
at the front of the nail-supply pan and adapted to clear the ways of the said pan,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
21. The combination in a nail feeding mechanism, of a frame or support provided
with a series of way-plates, with a second frame or support, also provided with a series
of way-plates, the way-plates of the said frames or supports being arranged to act in
pairs to form nailways, one series being adjustable in relation to the otlier laterally,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
22. The combination, with the mail-feeding mechanism, of a pair of way-plate
supporting frames adjustable laterally one in relation to the other, and the frame-
adjusting screws, substantially as shown and described.
23. In a box-mailing machine, the combination, with the nail-feeding device P,
having nailways p², of a sliding bar operating in planes at right angles to each other,
and a series of tilting nailway-stops supported on said bar and arranged to operate as
and for the purposes set forth.
24. The combination, with the nailways of a nail-feeding mechanism and a pair or
series of nailway stop operating bars capable of independent or collective action, of a
series of nailway-stop-operating blocks or carriers capable of interchangeable attachment,
by means substantially as described, to one or other of the pair or series of nailway-
stop-operating bars, substantially as shown and described.
25. The combination, with the nailways of a nail-feeding mechanism, of a pair or
series of nailway-stop-supporting bars operated horizontally and vertically by means
substantially as described, and a series of pivoted and tilting nailway-stops provided
with hooks at their lower ends and capable of attachment to either of the said stop-
supporting bars in any desired order, substantially as and for the purpose described.
26. The combination, with the nailways of a nail-feeding mechanism, of a pair
or series of nailway-stop-supporting bars operated horizontally and vertically and
connected or disconnected one with the other by means substantially as described, of
a series of nailway-stop-supporting blocks or carriers capable of inter-changeable
attachment to one or other of the pair or series of nailway-stop-operating bars,
substantially as shown and described.
27. The combination, with the nailways of a nail-feeding mechanism, of a pair or
series of nailway-stop-supporting bars operated horizontally and vertically by means
substantially as described, and a series of pivoted and tilting nailway-stops provided
with hooks at their lower ends and capable of attachment to either of the said stop-
supporting bars in any desired order, substantially as and for the purpose described.
28. The combination, with the nailways of a nail-feeding mechanism, of a pair
or series of nailway-stop-supporting bars operated horizontally and vertically and
connected or disconnected one with the other by means substantially as described, of
a series of nailway-stop-supporting blocks or carriers capable of interchangeable
attachment to one or other of the pair or series of nailway-stop-operating bars, and a
series of pivoted and tilting mailway-stops provided with hooks at their lower ends
and carried by the said nailway-stop-supporting blocks or carriers, substantially as
shown and described.
29. The combination, with the nailways of a nail-feeding mechanism of a nailway-
stop-supporting bar or bars, of a cam or cams for effecting the lateral motion of the
said bar or bars, substantially as shown and described.
30. The combination, with the nailways of a nail-feeding mechanism and a pair or
series of nailway-stop-supporting bars, of a cam or cams for effecting the lateral
motion of the said bars, and a cam or stop adapted, by means substantially as described,
to prevent the lateral motion of one or more of the said bars in order to close any
desired number of the nailways, substantially as shown and described.
31. In a box-nailing machine, the combination, with a nailway of a box-nail-feeding
mechanism, of a pivoted stop, $, formed with a hook 20 at its lower end, a stop s
and retaining-spring 16, substantially as and for the purpose described.
32. In a box-nailing machine, the combination, with a pair of nailway-stop-supporting
bars, of a series of stop-holding blocks and nailway-stops, and a series of removable

page_text: pins or screws, adapted to engage by change of position any or all of the series of stop-
holding blocks with either of the said supporting-bars, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
33. In a box-mailing machine, the combination, with a series of nail-guiding ways
and a series of nailway-stops and a series of nailway-stops controlled in position by a
bar or bars, of a series of pointers a series of pointer-operating cams mounted on a
common shaft, and a bar-operating cam mounted on the pointer-operating cam shaft,
adapted to operate the stop-operating bar or bars at times in accordance with the action
of the pointer operating cams and pointers, so as to insure the delivery of the individual
nails, substantially as shown and described.
34. In a box-nailing machine, the combination, with the bars ², s, of the
springs 13 and cams U³ and X, arranged and adapted to operate substantially as
shown and described.
35. The combination, with the hollow nail-receivers T, having open mouths arranged
in the direction of nail-feeding device P, of the vertical bars T, the bar T³, having
sockets 5, and set screws 7, as and for the purposes set forth.
36. The combination, with the nail-feeding and delivering mechanism, of a nail-
receiver, T, formed with an extension, T³, and an open mouth, t t¹ l'², substantially
as and for the purpose described.
37. The combination with the nail-box of a box-nailing machine, of a spring clamp
formed in sections, each section composed of the independent plates pivoted on a
common axis at their upper ends and formed with internal surfaces, substantially as
shown and described, so arranged that one plate or set of plates of each section shall
first act alone on the shank and substantially in conjunction with the remaining plates
of each section on the head of the nail being clamped and driven into position,
substantially as shown and described.
38. In a box-nailing machine, the combination, with a nail-box, of a clamp, H,
formed of sections constructed of a series of pivoted plates, as described and of a double
pair or series of springs adapted to operate on the sectional plates of the clamp in
succession, substantially as and for the purpose described.
39. The combination, with the nailways of the nail-feeding mechanism, of the
pointers W and the adjustable pointer-holding means Z, and nailway-stops S,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
40. In combination with a nail-feeding mechanism reciprocated vertically at intervals
by a series of levers substantially as described, of a pivoted nail-supply pan, O, a chain-
wheel, as g, and connections, as shown, for reciprocating said pan vertically simul-
taneously with the nail-feeding mechanism, and also independently thereof, substantially
as shown and described.
41. The nail-feeding mechanism P, supported as described, in combination with a
series of levers operated by a crank-arm, W*, carried by a rock-shaft, U, supported
by the cross-head and reciprocated with the same, and a pivoted double lever W12,
supported and rocking the outer end of the feeding mechanism, as and for the purpose
described.
42. In a box-nailing machine, as described, the combination, with the nail-feeder
pan O, having a series of channels, o², arranged to deposit nails into the ways p², of
the nail-feeding device, of the independent angular or curved extensions of, arranged
with their points centrally between two adjacent channels as and for the purposes set
forth.