IMPROVEMENTS IN ATTACHING CALKS, AND FROST BITS TO HORSE SHOES
Year: 1887

page_text: I SYDNEY ASLINE WARD of Tudor Place, Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
ATTACHING CALKS, AND FROST BITS TO HORSE SHOES to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved method and means of attaching or affixing
Calks, Studs, and frost-bits to horse shoes in a simple and efficacious manner.
In carrying out my invention 1 make the shank of the Calk or Stud either oblong,
oval, or other suitable shape, and I divide it longitudinally into two or more parts,
and spread out the ends slightly so that they shall be wider across than the centre
part of the shank.
The hole in the shoe is made to correspond with the finished shape of the shank,
that is it is made narrow in the middle and is enlarged on the outside edges, thus
when the divided shank of the calk or stud is forced into the hole, the spread out ends
are compressed in passing the centre of the hole, and expand again on entering the
enlarged part.
I prefer to make the shank oblong in cross section, and to divide it longitudinally
through its greatest breadth, the shank thus somewhat resembles two flat plates, and
the two parts are more elastic than if divided through its smallest breadth.
When the stud or Calk is hardened, the shank may be properly tempered, or if the
quality of the steel is suitable it may be left without hardening and tempering.
Dated the 23rd day of February 1887
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Horse Shoes.
I SYDNEY ASLINE WARD of Tudor Place, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved method and means of attaching or affixing
Calks, Studs, and frost bits to horse shoes in a simple and efficacious manner.
And in order that my invention may be clearly understood I annex a sheet of
drawings illustrating same.
Fig. 1, represents a frost bit with a round shank made according to this invention.
Fig. 2, represents a similar frost bit with an oblong or square shank.
Fig. 3, shows a frost bit in position.
In carrying out my invention I make the shank of the frost bit, or calk, or stud, of
any suitable configuration such as oblong, oval, square, or other shape, that in Fig. 1.
is shown round, that in Fig. 2, square.
I divide the shank A, longitudinally into two or more parts, and I spread out the
divided ends slightly, so that they will be wider across at the top than at the center of
the shank the division may terminate at the junction of the shank with the body
of the frost bit B, or it may extend further down as indicated by the dotted lines in
Fig. 3.
The hole in the shoe to receive the shank A is made to correspond with the finished
shape of the shank, that is, it is made narrower or smaller in the centre than at the
top, and if the shank is made stronger or enlarged at its junction with the bit or stud,
then the hole in the shoe will be enlarged to correspond.
This enlargement of the hole in the shoe at one or both sides is readily accomplished
by the smith or farrier with an ordinary taper punch.
When the divided shank of the calk or frost bit is made to enter the hole by the
application of force, the expanded ends of the shank are compressed in passing the
narrowed centre portion, but expand to their former size or thereabouts on entering
the enlarged portion, and consequently would require a considerable amount of force
to withdraw them, they are thus held secure and prevented from being shaken out
and lost.
I prefer to make the shank oblong or square as shown in Fig. 2, such shape when
divided combining strength with elasticity.
When the calk or frost bit is hardened, the shank may be properly tempered, or if
made from a special quality of steel such tempering will not be required.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1-A frost-bit, or calk, or stud, having a divided shank for the purpose specified
and substantially as hereinbefore described and shown..
2-A frost-bit, or calk, or stud, having a divided and expanded shank, fitting in a
correspondingly shaped hole in a horseshoe, substantially as described and shown.
Dated the 23rd day of November 1887.
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicant.