Improvements in and connected with Water Closets, part of which is also applicable for other purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 14th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 25th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Water Closets, part of which
is also applicable for other purposes.
1, GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Irk View, Rhodes, near Middleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates more particularly to such water closets as are described
in Letters Patent No. 3418, dated March, 4th 1890, granted to John Dean, and in
Provisional Protection, No. 18047, dated October, 21st 1891, granted to John Dean
and myself wherein a seat action and a charging vessel are employed, which latter
is in communication with the water main and the closet basin, from which vessel
the water is expelled into the closet basin by the expansion of a volume of air
previously compressed in the said vessel by the pressure of water from the main.
:
In practice I have found that such volume of air in course of time will evaporate
and thus loose its degree of expansion and thereby reduce the flush of water and
that the said charging vessel in order to withstand a very high pressure must be
made comparatively stronger, also the present type of flush valves are liable to
leak under strong pressure which is a great draw back and inconvenient.
To remedy these defects my improvements have for their object to provide a
specially constructed charging vessel from which the water is expelled into the
closet basin, by the application of weight and the water pressure from the main can
be counteracted to a degree, as may be required by varying the said weight in
amount.
In accomplishing this I employ in connection with the water main and closet
basin, one or more charging vessels, each having a piston, which carries a rubber
packing to ensure a tight fit in the said vessel. The outer end of the said piston is
brought under the influence of a spring or preferably a weight arranged to be
varied in power according to the pressure of water in the main. The lower portion
of each of the said charging vessels is formed with a channel communicating, by
means of a pipe and flush valve, with the closet basin and by means of a push tap,
with the water main. This push tap is operated from the seat by means of a
jointed rod or lever, one end of which rests loosely on the stem of the push tap and
the other, suitably guided, against the underside of the closet seat and having an
arm operated upon by the outer end of the said piston during its ascent.
When the closet is not in use the charging vessel is empty, its piston in its
lowest position, the push tap and flush valve are closed.
On the closet being used the seat depresses the aforesaid jointed rod or lever and
the latter the stem of the said push tap, thus opening it whereby the water from
the main is permitted to enter the said charging vessel and raise its piston. In the
meantime the flush valve, the stem of which bears against the closet seat, is
depressed and the flush valve thereby closed, whilst the said piston on its ascent
comes into contact with the arm of the said jointed rod or lever, which causes the
latter to break and assume an angular position the moment the required amount of
water has accummulated in the charging vessel and thus permit the water from the
main to close the push tap and cut off communication between the charging vessel
and water main.
On the closet seat being released, the flush valve is raised off its seat, by the
water from the charging vessel, on which the said piston is then permitted to act
and expel it through the said flush valve into the closet basin. The aforesaid
jointed rod or lever may also be advantageously employed in connection with the
diaphragm valve attached to the charging vessel described in Provisional

page_text: Protection No. 18047, dated October, 21st 1891, granted to John Dean and myself.
The said flush valve I form with a conical face and seating having a rubber packing
inserted in such a manner that a small portion thereof projects from the valve seat
and permits of compression when the valve is forced on its seat, whilst the force of
water has a tendency to expand the said compressed part and thus securely seal
the valve.
This improved construction of valve may also be used for steam, gas or chemical
liquids.
Dated this 13th dex of Man 1909
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Water Closets, part of which
is also applicable for other purposes.
I, GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Irk View, Rhodes, near Middleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates more particularly to such water closets as are described in
Letters Patent, No. 3418, dated March, 4th 1890, granted to John Dean, and in
Provisional Protection, No. 18047, dated October, 21st 1891, granted to John
Dean and myself, wherein a seat action and a charging vessel are employed, which
latter is in communication with the water main and the closet basin, from which
vessel the water is expelled into the closet basin by the expansion of a volume of
air previously compressed in the said vessel by the pressure of water from the
main.
In practice I have found that such volume of air in course of time will evaporate
and thus loose its degree of expansion and thereby reduce the flush of water, and
that the said charging vessel in order to withstand a very high pressure must be
made comparatively stronger, also the present type of flush valves are liable to
leak under strong pressure, which is a great draw back and inconvenient.
To remedy these defects my improvements have for their object to provide a
specially constructed charging vessel from which the water is expelled into the
closet basin by the application of spring or weight pressure and the water pressure
from the main can be counteracted to a degree, as may be required by varying the
said weight or pressure in amount.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused
to be appended hereunto one sheet of drawing marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a portion of the water closet provided with
my invention, Fig. 2 is a plan thereof, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the flush valve
connected therewith.
Figs. 4 & 5 are partly side views and partly sections of a portion of a water
closet showing two modifications of my invention.
Fig. 6 is partly a side view and partly a longitudinal section of a tap constructed
in accordance to the flush valve aforesaid.
In carrying out my invention and referring to Figs. 1 & 2, 1 employ in connec-
tion with the pipe a leading to the water main and closet basin, one or more
charging vessels c, each having a piston d which carries a rubber packing or
ring e to ensure a tight fit in the vessel c. The outer end of the piston dis
brought under the influence of a weight farranged to be varied in power
according to the pressure required for flushing. The lower portion of the
charging vessel c is formed with a channel 9 communicating, by means of a
pipe h, and flush valve i, with the closet basin and by means of a push tap k,

page_text: with the water main. This push tap k is operated from the seat 1 by means of
a jointed rod or lever m, m', m³, the end m of which rests loosely on the stem k¹
of the push tap k and the other end suitably guided, say at n, against the
underside of the closet seat and having the arm m² operated upon by the outer
end of the piston d during its ascent.
When the closet is not in use the charging vessel e is empty, its piston d in
its lowest position, the push tap k and flush valve i closed and the rod or
lever m, m², m³, straight, or nearly so, as shown in full lines Fig. 1.
On the closet being used, the seat i depresses the jointed rod or lever m, m³, m³,
and the latter the stem k of the push tap k thus opening it whereby the water
from the main through pipe a is permitted to enter the charging vessel c and
raise its piston d. In the meantime the flush valve i, the stem of which bears
against the closet seat l, is depressed and the flush valve i thereby closed, whilst
the piston d on its ascent comes into contact with the arm m³ of the jointed
rod or lever m, m¹, which causes the latter to break and assume an angular
position, as shown in dotted lines Fig. 1, the moment the required amount of
water has accummulated in the charging vessel e and thus permit the water from
the main to close the push tap k and cut off communication between the charging
vessel c and water main.
On the closet seat being released, the flush valve i is raised off its seat by the
water from the charging vessel c on which the piston d is then permitted to act and
expell it through the pipe a and flush valve i into the closet basin b. The jointed
rod or lever m, m', may also be advantageously employed in connection with a
diaphragm valve attached to the charging vessel described in Provisional Protection
No. 18047, dated October, 21st 1891, granted to John Dean and myself.
The flush valve i, see more particularly Fig. 3, I form with a conical face and
seating having a rubber or other flexible packing inserted, in such a manner
that a small portion thereof projects from the valve seat and permits of com-
pression when the valve i is forced thereon and on its seat i¹, whilst the force of
water has a tendency to expand the said compressed part and thus securely seal the
valve.
The conical sent i¹ has for its object to limit the pressure exerted on the flexible
packing e by the valve i and thus prevent the distruction of the said packing.
This improved construction of valve seating may also be used for water, steam,
gas, or chemical liquids, in the manner as shown in Fig. 6, or in any other con-
venient form.
In lieu of counteracting the water pressure from the main by the piston d as
described the water pressure may be allowed to act directly or indirectly upon and
raise a diaphragm o, see Fig. 4, inside a casing p brought in communication with
the charging vessel c by means of a pipe q or the pipe a leading to the water main,
the said diaphragm o being under the influence of a spring o' and furnished with a
stem of which comes into contact with and operates an arm m² of the jointed rod or
lever m, m', similar as shown in Figs. 1 & 2.
Another method of counteracting the pressure of water from the main in the
vessel c, consists in employing in connection with the charging vessel c or the pipe
leading from the water main thereto, a flexible tube n', see Fig. 5, with its outer
end closed, which latter when acted upon by the water directly or indirectly
expands longitudinally and similarly operates the jointed rod or lever m, m³, m³, as
previously described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is-
1st. In water closets, the application of a charging vessel c having a piston d
adapted to be acted upon and raised by the pressure of water from the main and to
fall and expel the water accumulated in the vessel c by reason of its weight or

page_text: -
other pressure exerted thereon through suitable pipes and valves into the closet
basin b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth..
2nd. The jointed rod or lever m, m', m², in combination with a push or diaphragm
inlet valve and charging vessel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. A valve having a conical face i and seating and flexible packing which
projects inwardly from the seating sufficiently to permit of compression when the
valve i is forced on its seat i¹ substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 13th day of February 1893.
:
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant. 1