A New or Improved Material to be Used in Substitution of Whalebone or Horn, and Process and Apparatus for Producing the same.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Material to be Used in Substitution
of Whalebone or Horn, and Process and Apparatus for
Producing the same.
I, HERBERT WAIDE REYNOLDS of the Firm of Waterhouse, Reynolds & Co.,
of Upper Brown Street, Leicester, Corset Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention has for its object to produce a new or improved material to be
used as a substitute for whalebone or horn which latter are, among other purposes,
employed for stiffening parts of ladies' corsets, dress-bodices and the like.
The invention also has reference to the process and apparatus for producing the
Baid material.
According to this invention the said material consists of twine or cords, or their
equivalent, preferably two or more in number incorporated, as hereinafter described,
with a foundation of paper, linen or other textile material, with or without a thin
metallic strip, the said cords prior to being incorporated are brought into contact
with some adhesive material and subsequently submitted to pressure so as to flatten
the cords and effect the incorporation of the said materials which may afterwards
be allowed to dry and finally wound on to spools or reels to be used as required.
The cords to be employed for purposes of the present invention, and which by
preference are made of paper and known as paper-twine," are carried on reels
mounted on arms or spindles upon which they are free to revolve, the said spindles
or arms being connected to any suitable framing.
66
The said cords are lubricated or coated by an adhesive material which coating
may be effected by causing the said cords to pass through guides and over one or
more rollers revolving in a bath of commercial gelatine or the like substance which
is kept in a liquid or molten condition by a steam or hot water jacket, in the form
of an adjacent chamber, heated in any convenient manner.
After leaving the roller or rollers the cords pass, optionally, through other guides
and then through a guide which may be termed a collecting guide into an apparatus
where they are brought together and into contact with one or more paper, textile
or metallic strips or of combinations of same, and submitted to pressure so as to be
flattened thereby and the whole incorporated as before mentioned.
A convenient construction of apparatus for this purpose consists of male and
female rollers i.e. rollers having grooves and projections or ribs respectively, the
one fitting within the other.
The materials to he incorporated pass into these grooves, the cords previously
passing through an eye or guide which collects them together for this purpose.
The strips (paper or textile and metallic or combinations thereof) are fed from
bobbins or otherwise into the grooves of the roller simultaneously with the cords
and the whole is subjected to pressure by the projecting ribs on the adjacent
rollers fitting within the said grooves, and issues from the rollers in the form
of a flat strip which is subsequently dried and wound on to reels or spools to be.
used as required.
The sectional shape (flat, half-round, round or otherwise) of the completed strip,
is determined by the shape of the grooves in the rollers and the ribs fitting therein,

page_text: the pressure of the said rollers may be regulated by having adjustable bearings
thereto or set screws for the purpose.
The before mentioned rollers may be suitably geared and driven by hand or
power.
Dated this 16th day of November 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Material to be Used in Substitution
of Whalebone or Horn, and Process and Apparatus for
Producing the same.
I, HERBERT WAIDE REYNOLDS of the Firm of Waterhouse Reynolds & Co.,
of Upper Brown Street, Leicester, Corset Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to produce a new or improved material or article
of manufacture suitable for use as a stiffening agent in ladies' corsets, dress
bodices, and the like.
The stiffening agent constituting the said invention consists of a series of twines
or cords incorporated, as hereinafter described, with a foundation strip or strips of
paper or linen or other textile material. The said cords prior to being united to
the foundation are brought into contact with some adhesive material and sub-
sequently submitted to pressure so as to flatten the cords and cause them to adhere
to the foundation and when so incorporated the resultant material is allowed to
dry, after which it is finally wound on to spools to be used as required.
In order that the invention may be fully understood reference is made to the
accompanying drawing in which,
Figure 1 illustrates in side elevation the apparatus concerned in the production
of my improved stiffening agent.
Figure 2 is a detail elevation of two rollers employed therewith.
Figure 3 is a similar view but with the cords collecting guide attached.
Figure 4 is a detail perspective view of the cords collecting guide per se.
Figure 5 is an enlarged section of the cords and foundation strip prior to entering
the pressure rollers, and,
Figure 6 and 7 are sections, also on an enlarged scale, of my improved stiffening
agent after leaving the apparatus.
Similar letters of reference represent corresponding parts throughout the
drawings.
A represents twines or cords, shown as four in number, and wound on reels or
rollers B loosely carried on arms or spindles B'affixed to a framing or standard B2
of any convenient construction.
The cords employed by preference for purposes of the present invention, are
formed of paper and commercially known as "paper-twine."
The said cords after leaving their reels pass through an eye or guide C thence
over a roller D having bearings in a bath or receptacle D containing a suitable
adhesive substance such as commercial gelatine which may be kept in liquid or
molten condition through the medium of a steam jacket applied to the bath or other
means for heating it may be employed.
The roller D revolves (by frictional pressure of the cords A) in contact with
this adhesive substance and as the cords pass over it they become coated
thereby.
The said cords next pass through a guide C¹ and also through what may be

page_text: termed a collecting guide E, shown detached in Figure 4, provided with passages,
one for each cord, converging towards the exit of the guide so that as the cords
emerge from the guide they have been brought sufficiently closely together to pass
smoothly into a groove F1 in the lower of the two pressure rollers F G.
There also passes between the said rollers and underneath the said cords, the
foundation material which consists of a flat strip A' preferably of paper although
it may be of linen or other textile material.
The foundation strip may be wound on a reel or bobbin H loosely carried between
two pillars or uprights H' and before passing through the pressure rollers the said
strip passes through a guide E' Figures 1 and 3.
The bottom roller is formed with a circumferential groove F¹ therein and the
upper roller with a corresponding projection G', constituting male and female
rollers which may have strong spring bearings so that as the foundation strip and
paper cords, travel between the rollers, (the foundation strip at the bottom of the
groove and the cords uppermost and side by side) they become compressed, and
the cords flattened (as shown in Fig. 6) and the whole compacted together in
which condition the adhesive material causes them to remain after they leave the
compressing rollers.
It is obvious that the rollers may be heated in any of the well known ways so as
to accelerate the drying of the newly compacted stiffening agent or the latter may
be allowed to dry gradually after leaving the apparatus, when it may be subsequently
wound on to reels to be used as desired.
The cords before compression are approximately circular in section but after
leaving are flattened as shown, it is obvious however that the sectional shape of the
stiffening after its manufacture is regulated by the shape of the groove in the
rollers F.
In addition to the foundation strip A¹ a further similar strip A' may be employed
above the cords so that the latter after compression as described would be enclosed
between the two strips, as shown in Figure 7.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. As a new article of manufacture a stiffening agent consisting of a series of
cords treated with an adhesive substance and compressed together with a foundation
strip or strips substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. As a new article of manufacture a stiffening agent consisting of a series of
paper cords, treated with adhesive substance and compressed upon or between a
strip or strips of paper substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. The process of manufacturing a stiffening agent for the purpose specified
consisting in treating a series of cords with adhesive substance and by pressure
incorporating them upon or between a foundation strip or strips substantially as
described.
Dated this 17th day of July 1896.
Witness-
E. N. LEWIS,
Berridge Street Chambers,
Leicester.
HERBERT WAIDE REYNOLDS.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.