IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING AND PURIFYING OILS AND FATTY MATTERS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Simon Hollands, of 5, Anchor Terrace,
Mawbey Road, Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING AND PURIFYING OILS AND FATTY
MATTERS."
Sealed the 6th July 1858, and dated the 5th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Simon Hollands
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th May 1858.
I, WILLIAM SIMON HOLLANDS, of 5, Anchor Terrace, Mawbey Road, Old
Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING AND PURIFYING OILS AND FATTY
MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in extracting and purifying
oils and fatty matters. For these purposes, when extracting fish or other oils,
the matters containing the oils or fatty matters are placed on suitable filters in
a vessel which is surrounded with a jacket, in order to admit of the use of
steam heat when desired. The filters consist of dises of wire cloth, or of
perforated metal and felts, or filtering fabrics, fixed at their edges on a
suitable projection formed or fixed around the interior of the vessel. The
upper part of the vessel is covered by a moveable cover, and provision is made
for introducing jets of steam when desired. Below the filtering surfaces the
vessel is closed, provision being made to allow of the space below the filters

page_text: being exhausted of the air therein, so as to produce a vacuum or partial
vacuum, by which means the oils or fatty matters above the filtering surfaces
will be pressed on by the atmosphere, and be caused to pass through the
filtering surfaces. The oil and fatty matters will thus be quickly extracted
and purified, and oils and fatty matters extracted or separated by other means
from the matters in combination therewith may be filtered or purified by the
process above described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Simon Hollands in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SIMON HOLLANDS, of 5, Anchor Terrace, Mawbey Road, Old Kent Road, in
the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Simon Hollands, Her special licence that I, the said William Simon
Hollands, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Simon Hollands, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING AND PURIFYING OILS AND FATTY MATTERS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Simon Hollands, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Simon Hollands, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-

page_text: and strong, say, with the meshes an eight of an inch square, the other gauzes
being considerably finer; the felts or other filtering fabrics vary in texture
according to the nature of the oil or fatty matter to be treated, and according
to the degree of purity which it is desired to obtain. For very fine oils I
sometimes employ filtering paper, but felt more or less fine in texture will
ordinarily be found to answer the purpose.
The apparatus above described is particularly applicable to the extraction of
oil from fish liver. For this purpose the liver is placed in the upper part of
the vessel b, and steam is admitted to the jacket c, the air is then pumped
out of the lower part of the vessel b, and then the pressure of the air on the
liver causes the oil to pass through the filtering surface, and it is afterwards
drawn off by the cock g. In a similar manner oil may be extracted from
other matters which do not require a severe pressure to separate the oil. For
purifying oils and fatty matters the process is in all respects similar, except
that if the oil is perfectly liquid when cold it is not necessary to admit steam
to the jacket c.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I am aware that oil has
before been filtered by atmospheric pressure, I do not therefore claim the
same, except in the manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Simon Hollands, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of July, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
year of
Witness,
B. GOBEY,
WILLIAM SIMON HOLLANDS. (L.S.)
24, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane.