Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Horse Shoe Nails.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 20th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Horse Shoe
Nails.
1, JAMES SWALWELL, of Tredegar Villa, Caeran Park, Newport, in the County
of Monmouth, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in machinery for
the manufacture of horse-shoe nails described and represented in the Complete
Specification filed by me in the Patent Office on the 14th of February 1890 and
accepted the 22nd of March 1890 No. 8310, A.D. 1889.
The machinery described in the Specification referred to is suited for the manu-
facture of horse-shoe nails from nail strips both edges of which are of about double
the thickness of the other part of the strip.
The improvements constituting my present invention consist in such modifications
of the machinery described in the Specification referred to as fit it to manufacture
horse-shoe nails from nail strips having only one thick edge.
I construct and arrange the cutting off imechanism of the machine so that the
blanks cut from the nail strip have parallel sides instead of the inclined sides as
of the blanks cut off by the machine referred to. By this modification the
mechanism for inverting the nail strip after each cutting off of a blank is dispensed
with, the feeding being effected by an intermittent rectilinear motion of the strip
without rotary motion.
The strip is fed into the machine vertically as in the machine referred to and the
blanks as they are cut off and pass from one pair of rolls to another fall down
vertical tubular guides as in the machine referred to. Instead however of employing
three pairs of rolls for shaping the blanks I employ but two pairs, the axes of one
pair being at right angles to the axes of the other pair.
I construct and arrange the rolls of the machine by which rolls the blank is
formed into a finished horse shoe nail, in two ways; that is I construct and arrange
the said rolls so that they shall either be suited to make horse shoe nails from nail
strips the thick edge of which is equal in breadth to the shorter diameter of the
oblong top of the head of the nail to be made; or to make horse shoe nails from
nail strips the thickened edge of which is equal in breadth to the longer diameter
of the oblong head of the nail to be made.
In making horse shoe nails from nail strips the thick edge of which has a breadth
equal to the shorter diameter of the oblong head of the nail to be made, I employ
two pairs of rolls at right angles to one another one pair of rolls operating on two
opposite edges of the blank; and the other pair of rolls operating on the other two
opposite edges of the blank.
When the nail strip from which the horse shoe nails are to be made has a thick
edge equal in breadth to the longer diameter of the oblong head of the nail to be
made, the rolls are made to operate on the same two opposed edges of the blank to
give it the required shape.
The clipping or pointing of the nails made by either of the described arrange-
ments of the machine may be effected by clipping or pointing mechanism of the
ordinary kind combined with the machine for feeding cutting off blanks and shaping
the blanks as described; or the clipping or pointing may be effected in a separats
machine.
Dated th. 16th awe of Man. 1200
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Horse Shoe
Nails.
:
"'
I, JAMES SWALWELL, of Tredegar Villa, Caeran Park, Newport, in the County
of Monmouth, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in machinery
for the manufacture of horse shoe nails described and represented in the Complete
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated the 18th day of May 1889
No. 8310.
The machinery described in the Specification referred to is suited for the manu-
facture of horse-shoe nails from nail strips both edges of which are of about double
the thickness of the other part of the strip.
The improvements constituting my present invention consist in such modifications
of the machinery described in the Specification referred to as fit it to manufacture
horse-shoe nails from nail strips having only one thick edge.
I construct and arrange the cutting off mechanism of the machine so that the
blanks cut from the nail strip have parallel sides instead of the inclined sides as of
the blanks cut off by the machine referred to. By this modification the mechanism
for inverting the nail strip after cach cutting off of a blank, is dispensed with the
feeding being effected by an intermittent rectilinear motion of the strip without
rotary motion. The strip is fed into the machine with its breadth vertical as in
the machine referred to and the blanks as they are cut off and pass from one pair of
rolls to another fall down vertical tubular guides as in the inachine referred to.
Instead however of employing three pairs of rolls for shaping the blanks I employ
but two pairs the axes of one pair being at right angles to the axes of the other
pair.
I construct and arrange the rolls of the machine by which rolls the blank is
formed into a nearly finished horse-shoe nail in two ways; that is, I construct and
arrange the said rolls so that they shall either be suited to make horse-shoe nails
from nail strips the thick edge of which is equal in breadth to the shorter diameter
of the oblong top of the head of the nail to be made; or to make horse shoe nails
from nail strips the thickened edge of which is equal in breadth to the longer
diameter of the oblong head of the nail to be made.
3
In making horse shoe nails from nail strips the thick edge of which has a breadth
equal to the shorter diameter of the oblong head of the nail. to be made I employ
two pairs of rolls at right angles to one another one pair of rolls operating on two
opposite edges of the blank; and the other pair of rolls operating on the other two
opposite edges of the blank.
When the nail strip from which the horse shoe nails are to be made has a thick
edge equal in breadth to the longer diameter of the oblong head of the nail to be
made, the rolls are made to operate on the same two opposed edges of the blank to
give it the required shape. In this case the axes of the two pairs of rolls used are
parallel.
The clipping or pointing of the nails made by either of the described arrange-
ments of the machine may be effected by clipping or pointing mechanism of the
ordinary kind combined with the machine for feeding cutting off blanks and shaping
the blanks as described; or the clipping or pointing may be effected in a separate
machine.
.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section machinery constructed according to my
present invention to be used in the manufacture of horse shoe nails from nail strips
the thick edge of which is equal in breadth to the shorter diameter of the top of

page_text: the oblong head of the nail to be made. I have omitted from Figure 1 the cutters.
and adjuncts and the gearing for driving the rolls as the omitted parts are sub-
stantially the same as corresponding parts of the machinery described and
represented in the Specification of the Patent hereinbefore referred to.
Figure 2 represents a portion of the nail strip drawn to a larger scale; Figure 3
represents a blank or short piece cut from the said strip; Figure 4 represents the
blank Figure 3 after it has been operated upon by the top pair of rolls and
Figure 5 represents the partly made nail Figure 4 after it has been operated
upon by the bottom or second pair of rolls; Figure 6 represents the nail after the
clipping or pointing operation and exhibits the waste piece which is separated from
the point end of the nail:
a is the nail strip having only one thick edge marked a². The said nail strip a
is fed horizontally with its breadth in a vertical direction and the thick edge down-
wards to the stop of the cutting off tools at the inner end of the nail strip a
travelling upon the rollers c, c. The outer end of the nail strip may be supported
in any desired manner and the feeding forward horizontally of the nail strip to
the stop after each operation of the cutting tools may be effected by hand or
mechanically. The cutting tools and adjuncts are arranged substantially in the
manner represented in Figure 2 of the drawings of the Specification of the Patent
herein before referred to, but the movable cutter is so worked that instead of
effecting the separation of the blank or short piece from the end of the strip a by
an oblique cut as in the last mentioned Specification, the cutter effects the cutting
off of the blanks from the single thick edged nail strip a a² Figure 2 by a parallel
cut as indicated by the dotted line; that is, by a cut at right angles to the length
of the strip and as seen by the cut off blank Figure 3. The turning over or motion
through a semi-circle of the nail strip is in this machine rendered unnecessary, the
nail strip having only an intermittent feeding or advancing motion given to it.
The nail blank Figure 3 having parallel sides thus cut off from the end of the
nail strip a, a descends vertically head downwards in the vertical tubular guide d
to the first pair of rolls e, f by which it is operated upon and after leaving the said
rolls ef it is conducted by the vertical tubular guide g to the second or lower pair
of rolls at the axes of which lower pair of rolls are situated at right angles to
those of the upper pair of rolls e, f.
The rolls e, operate upon the two opposite inclined edges of the blank Figure 3
and give it the form represented in Figure 4; that is, partly fashion the head of the
nail and partly fashion the stem of the nail. The other pair of rolls at operate
upon the other two opposite broad parallel faces of the partly made nail Figure 4
so as to give it the form represented in Figure 5. By the last described rolling the
shape of the head and stem of the nail is perfected leaving a thin web or connection
at where the point end of the nail is to be cut. The nail is finished by a pair of
clipping or pointing tools in the manner represented in Figure 6.
The clipping or pointing tools may be combined in the feeding, cutting off and
rolling machinery represented; or be used separately from the said machinery.
Thus, the nail blank with its thick end or head downwards is cut off at the top of
the machine and preserving the vertical position it had in the nail strip or plate
descends vertically between the two pairs of rolls at e, f and hand is fashioned by
them into a nearly complete nail as before described, the nearly finished nail falling
from the machine in a vertical position.
The rolls which I use are substantially the same as those represented in the
patented machinery hereinbefore referred to excepting that the shaping grooves in
them are slightly modified to fit them to roll the cut off blank Figure 3. It is
preferred to make the rolls shape two blanks at each rotation. Figure 6ª represents
in elevation and section one of the rolls which I employ. The grooves in the lower
pair of rolls are somewhat wider and shallower than those in the upper pair of rolls
the rolls being paired in the usual way, but the shape of the grooves in the rolls
will vary according to the class of nail being rolled.
Figure 7 represents in vertical section the machinery which I use when the nail

page_text: strip from which the horse shoe nails are to be made has a thick edge equal in
breadth to the larger diameter of the oblong head of the nail to be made.
Figure 8 represents the nail plate drawn to a larger scale; Figure 9 the cut off
blank; Figure 10 the blank after the first rolling operation; and Figure 11 the
blank after the second rolling operation; Figure 12 represents the rolled nail after
it has been clipped or pointed.
The nail plate or strip is marked a and the thick edge is marked a³; 1, m are the
upper rolls and n, p the lower rolls the axes of the two pairs of rolls being parallel.
The two pairs of rolls 1, m and n, p operate upon the same opposite inclined edges
of the cut off blank Figure 9; that is, the cut off nail blank thick end downwards
descending the tubular guide r is rolled by the pair of rolls l, m on its two opposite
narrow or inclined edges the said rolls giving the blank the form represented in
Figure 10. from the rolls 1 m the partly shaped nail is conducted by the guide s to
the second pair of rolls n which operate upon the same opposite edges as the
rolls 1, moperated upon. By the operation of the second pair of rolls n, p the
partly made nail has the shape given to it represented in Figure 11 and the nail is
finished by a clipping or pointing operation as represented in Figure 12.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim
as my invention of "Improvements in machinery for the manufacture of horse-shoe
nails":
The use in machinery for the manufacture of horse shoe nails, in which the nail
blank descends vertically with its head downwards after it has been cut off the nail
strip, of two pairs of rolls arranged and acting substantially as herein before
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for shaping nail blanks
with parallel sides cut off from nail strips having only one thick edge and fed to
the cutters without a turning over motion; whether the two pairs of rolls operate
first upon two opposite edges of the blank and afterwards upon the other two
opposite edges or operate in succession upon the same two opposite edges of the
blank substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated the 15th day of January 1891.
JAMES SWALWELL.