IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Overend Evans, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.'
"
WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Overend Evans
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents; with his Petition,
on the 28th July 1875.
I, JOHN OVEREND EVANS, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
5 do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows --
-
On the 20th July 1
I, JOHN OVEREND EVANS, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows
--

page_text: And, Secondly. To a method of weaving a cloth having two or three
different effects or styles of weaving, namely, leno or cross weaving with
plain or solid weaving, or with brocade or float weaving, or all three
styles together at will according to the pattern or effect desired to be
produced, the object being to produce the leno or cross weaving with
any required number of ends above two, and then to split or separate
them when weaving the plain or figured cloth. The warp is drawn u
with three or more ends in the dent (alternate or other dents being
empty or all the dents full), the ends being thrown together or divided
as the case may be when "lenocing," and separated or split (that is,
cach worked independently of the others) at pleasure when weaving plain
or brocade cloth. I employ two-warp beams, one for the leno warp, and
one for the ground warp; the leno warp passes over two vibrators at the
back of the loom worked by the jacquard machine.
2
There are two sets of hooks in the jacquard machine and two sets of
harness, one for the plain and figure weaving being provided with
"mails" and lingoes in the usual manner, and the other for the
leno. The cross or leno weaving is produced by what are known as
doup" healds, and the plain or pattern or brocade weaving by the
ordinary "couplings" and "lingocs" connected by the harness to the
hooks of the jacquard machine. At the back of the harness there are
compensating shafts corresponding in number with the doup healds
in front having couplings and lingoes" through the "mails" of
which the leno warp is drawn in, so as to take up the "slack" of the
leno warp when weaving plain cloth or floating. By these means I am
enabled to weave a cloth partly leno and partly plain or solid with a
floated or brocade pattern on the latter, drawing in more than two ends
to the dent, and twisting or crossing any number of threads together for
the leno, and separating them at will when required for the other parts
of the cloth
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Overend Evans in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
OVEREND EVANS, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Ier heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said John Overend Evans,
Her special license that I, the said John Overend Evans, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Overend
Evans, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR,” upon
the condition, amongst others, that I, the said John Overend Evans,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Overend Evans, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is
to say-

page_text: warp is drawn in, so as to take up the "slack" of such threads of the
leno warp as may be weaving plain cloth or floating. By these means
I am enabled to weave by power loom a cloth partly leno and partly solid,
with a floated or brocade pattern on the latter, drawing in more than
two ends to the dent and twisting or crossing any number of threads
together for the leno, and separating them at will when required for

page_text: pram cloth anu nguring and brocade harness, and 17, 18, the leno
harness.
It will be observed that the ground warp is only drawn in through
the mails of the ordinary harness, whilst the lono warps 1, 2, are first
drawn in through the ordinary harness at 15, 16, and then brought in
a diagonal direction under the ground warps 3 and 4, and passed
through the "doup" 18 of the leno harness The leno warps 5, 6, arc
drawn through the ordinary mails at 11, 12, and after crossing diagonally
under the ground warps 7 and 8 are drawn in through the "doup" 17
of the leno harness, and so on.
The way in which I prepare the ordinary "doup healds" (as supplied
by the heald knitter) for thus kind of weaving is illustrated at Fig. 5,
which is a sectional view on a larger scale of the leno harness and doup
healds. The threads of the "doupe healds" are cut away from the top
heald shafts 8, 8, on which they were originally knit, and attached to
the threads 7, 1, of the leno harness. The top heald shafts 8, 8, arc
allowed to remain fixed in the position indicated to keep the threads
m, m, from twisting, but the heald threads m, m, work quite free of
them. The dots shew the positions occupied by the leno warp in the
doups " The bottom shafts at 8*, 8*, are also cut away and the heald
threads are attached to the lingocs t*, t The threads of the " spewing"
shafts t,, remain fastened to the shafts as originally knit, they are
connected by springs u, u, to a bracket fixed at the bottom of the loom.
These "spewing" shafts" t, t, are released at every pick of the loom by
means of cords connected to the jacquard machine.
"
Having now described the nature of my said Invention for improve-
ments in weaving and in apparatus employed therefor, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be carried into practical
effect, I would remark in conclusion that I claim as my Invention,―
Firstly The method herein-before described of weaving by power loom
a cloth having two or three different effects, that is, leno or cross
weaving with plain or solid weaving, or with brocade or float weaving, or
all three styles together at will.
And, Secondly. The particular construction and arrangement of appa-
ratus for effecting this object as represented on the Drawings annexed a
and herein-before more particularly described, consisting mainly of the

page_text: combination with ordinary jacquard harness of leno harness, "doup
healds," compensating shafts, and vibrators, operating substantially in
the manner and for the purposes hercin-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Overend Evans, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Twenty-seventh day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-
SIX.
Witnessed by
JOHN HUGHES,
Clerk to George Davies, C.E,
Patent Office,
4, St. Anne's Sq.,
Manchester.
J. O. EVANS. (L.S.)