Improvements in the Covers or Lids of Milk Cans, commonly known as Churns.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 13th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 18th Nov., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Covers or Lids of Milk Cans, commonly
known as Churns.
I, GEORGE ARTHUR DowSE, of 255 Pentonville Road, Kings Cross, London,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
Heretofore the covers or lids of milk cans, commonly callod churns, which are
largely used for the conveyance of milk from place to place, have been made of
tinned sheet irou. These covers or lids are subject to very rough usage and as
the material of which they are usually made is liable to be easily bent aud
put out of shape, they soon fail to fit the neck of the churn and become useless.
The chief object of my invention is to produce a practically indestructible cover
or lid and one that shall be dust-proof, and retain its shape so perfectly that it
'will always fit any one of a number of churns, in fact, will be interchangeable.
•
For this purpose instead of making the cover or lid of tinned sheet or plate
iron as heretofore, I make it of malleable cast iron or cast steel, preferably well
tinned. This improved cover or lid may be secured in the neck of the churn
in the usual way, but I prefer to cast it with a recess at one sido adapted to
take over the eye or staple formed with, or attached to, the inside of the neck
of the churn. The sides of this recess form lugs or cheeks through which holes
are made corresponding to the hole in the eye or staple in the neck of the
churn. The bow of a padlock, or other suitable fastening may be passed through
the holes in the lugs or cheeks on the cover or lid and through the hole in the
oye or staple in the neck in order to secure the cover or lid in its place. The
lugs or checks on the cover or lid are connected together by the bottom of the
aforesaid recess in the side of the cover or lid, and by these means the eye or
staple in the neck is entirely covered and the entrance of rain or dust through the
fastening is thereby prevented. The cover or lid is held in place at the side
opposite to the fastening by means of a atud or projection in the neck taking into a
hole or recess on the corresponding side of the cover or lid when the latter is in
place in the neok.
1 -
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Covers or Lids of Milk Cans, commonly
known as Churns.
I, GEORGE ARTHUR DOWSE, of 255 Pentonville Road, Kings Cross, London,
Dairy Utensil Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
Heretofore the covers or lids of milk cans, commonly called churns, which
are largely used for the conveyance of milk from place to place, have been made
of tinned sheet iron. These covers or lids are subject to very rough usage and as
the material of which they are usually made is liable to be easily bent and put out
of shape, they soon fail to fit the neck of the churn and become useless. The chief

page_text: object of my invention is to produce a practically indestructible cover or lid and
one that shall be dust-proof and retain its shape so perfectly that it will always fit
any one of a number of churns, in fact, will bo interchangeable.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood, I will now proceed
to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying sheet of drawings, in
which
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the upper part and neck of a milk churn with
one of my improved lids applied thereto;
Figure 2 a similar sectional elevation of a slightly modified construction of lid;
Figure 3 a broken sectional elevation taken about on the line a-x of Figure 1
looking from left to right in that figure, showing a provision for fastening;
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are views showing modifications of the fastening arrange-
ments, and Figure 5 being a section on line z-z of Figure 4.
Instead of making the cover or lid A of tinned sheet or plate iron as heretofore,
I make it of malleable cast iron or of cast steel, preferably well tinned. This
improved cover or lid may be secured in the neck B of the churn in the usual way;
but I prefer to cast it with a recess C at one side adapted to take over the eye or
staple D formed with or attached to the inside of the neck 13 of the churn. The
sides C' of this recess form lugs or cheeks through which holes C are made corre-
sponding to the hole Dx in the eye or staple D in the neck of the churn. The bow
of a padlock, or other suitable fastening, may be passed through the holes in the
lugs or cheeks C' on the cover or lid A and through the hole D* in_the_eye or
staple D in the neck, in order to secure the cover or lid in its place. The lugs or
cheeks, on the cover or lid, are connected together by the bottom Cof the aforesaid
recess in the side of the cover or lid, and by these means the eye or staple D in the
neck B is entirely covered and the entrance of rain or dust through the fastening is
thereby prevented. The cover or lid A is held in place at the side opposite to the
fastening by means of a stud or projection E in the neck B taking into a hole or
recess on the corresponding side of the cover or lid when the latter is in place in
the neck.
In some cases I form the rim only of the lid in malleable cast iron or of cast
steel as shown at A' in Figure 2, and the flat or more or less domed part A' thereof
and the ventilator A³ in tinned sheet iron or other sheet metal soldered or otherwise
firmly secured to the part A'.
-
In the modified arrangement of the fastening shown in Figures 4 and 5, the
sides C' and the bottom C, of the recess C, are made shorter than in the arrange-
ment shown in Figure 1, and the upper covering part is omitted. The staple D is
so situated on the neck B that when the lid A is in place, there is a small, space
left between the said staple and the ends of the sides C' of the recess C. A. bolt G
sliding in a staple H, fixed to the lid A, has a part G¹ turned at right angles at
one end, and a similarly bent part G at the other end which serves as a handle to
manipulate the bolt. By turning the bolt so that the part G coincides with the
space between the staple D and the sides C', the bolt G can be shot into such
space and when so shot can be turned so that the parts G₁ and Gassume the
positions shown in dotted lines, whereby the said bolt G is secured in place and the
lid A cannot be raised out of the neck B because the upper ends of the sides C'
come against the said bolt and prevent the lid from being raised. In order to
prevent the bolt G from being bent in the event of an attempt being made to close
the lid A while the said bolt is in the locked position, the lug or projection J is
provided (see Figure 4) on the lid A side by side with, and of the same contour as,
the staple D. Should the lid A be dropped or forced down when the bolt G is in
the position indicated by dotted lines in Figure 4, this lug or projection J serves
as a support for the end of the bolt and thus provents the bending or straining
thereof.
Figure 6 illustrates a further modification of fastening in which a loop G' is
hinged at H' to the lid A above the staplo D so that when it is turned down (into
the position shown in full lines) under the staple D, the lid is fastened, and when

page_text: turned up (into the position shown in dotted lines) clear of the staple D, the lid is
free and may be removed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. Constructing the lids of milk cans or churns of malleable cast iron or cast
steel, substantially as described with reference to Figure 1 of the drawings.
Second. Constructing the lids of milk cans or churns with their rims of malleable
cast iron or of cast steel, and the flat or more or less domed part thereof and the
ventilator of tinned sheet iron, or other sheet metal, soldered or otherwise firmly
secured to the said rim, substantially as described with reference to Figure 2 of the
drawings.
Third. The improved indestructible dust and rain proof lid for milk caus or
churns, constructed substantially as described.
-
Fourth. The improved means of fastening the lids in the necks of milk cans or
churns, substantially as described, and illustrated in the drawings.
G. A. DOWSE,
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Street, London, Agent.