IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING COKE
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hanbury John Henry Thomas and John Somerville both
of the South Metropolitan Gas Works, Old Kent Road, in the County of
Surrey for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR BREAKING
OR REDUCING COKE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hanbury John Henry
Thomas and John Somerville at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 27th May 1882.
HANBURY JOHN HENRY THOMAS and JOHN SOMERVILLE both of the South
Metropolitan Gas Works, Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey. " IMPROVE..
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING COKE,"
The object of this invention is the construction of machines or apparatus whereby
coke may be broken or reduced in size without producing an undue quantity of
breeze, and so as to fit it for many purposes for which in its condition, as ordinarily
produced, it is not so well adapted.
The invention consists of a frame of iron or wood or a combination of both. It
may be made stationary, or mounted upon wheels when desired to be portable.
Attached to the frame are two cylinders each capable of revolving at the same or
different speeds. Each cylinder has fitted to it either horizontally diagonally or
circumferentially a number of blades or cutters, made of steel or other suitable
material capable of maintaining a sharp edge. The cutters or blades are so
arranged that the edges come nearly into contact with each other, or by a suitable
adjustment they may be removed further apart, or made to overlap one another, so
that when the machine is fed with coke and the cylinders made to revolve by
steam, gas, or other power, the coke will be cut broken or reduced in size
accordingly.
A modification of the foregoing consists in using one or more revolving cylinders
fitted with blades or cutters as before described and a number of fixed straight or
curved blades or cutters attached to a frame so as to radiate from top to bottom,

page_text: that is to say, the bottom of the blades are wider apart from each other than at the
top, so as to give a clearance for the broken coke to fall through. The cylinder
may be also furnished with straight or curved prongs, arranged so as to pass
between the fixed blades or cutters, and assist in the removal of the coke.
Another modification consists of a number of straight or curved blades or cutters,
one series being fixed to a frame and another set fastened to an arm, lever, or
stamp, motion being imparted to the latter by the revolution of cams fixed to a
suitable shaft driven by manual or other power, the weight of the arm or lever
when allowed to fall being sufficient to break the coke lying between the two sets
of cutters.
In each of the foregoing modifications a hopper is provided for conducting the
coke to the machine, and there may also be appliances for spreading the coke upon
the cutters and otherwise facilitating its delivery.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed,
by the said Hanbury John Henry Thomas and John Somerville in the Great'
Seal Patent Office on the 25th November 1882.
HANBURY JOHN HENRY THOMAS formerly of the South Metropolitan Gas
Works, Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, but now of Sheffield and JOHN
SOMERVILLE of the South Metropolitan Gas Works, Old Kent Road, in the County
of Surrey "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING COKE
The object of this invention is the construction of machines or apparatus whereby
coke may be broken or reduced in size without producing an undue quantity of
breeze, and so as to fit it for many purposes for which in its condition, as ordinarily
produced it is not so well adapted.
The invention consists of a frame of iron or wood, or a combination of both. It
may be made stationary or mounted upon wheels when desired to be portable.
Attached to the frame are two cylinders, each capable of revolving at the same or
different speeds. Each cylinder has fitted to or cast on it, either horizontally,
diagonally, or circumferentially a number of blades or cutters, made of steel or
other suitable material capable of maintaining a sharp edge. The cutters or blades
are so arranged that the edges come nearly into contact with each other, or by a
suitable adjustment they may be removed further apart, or made to overlap one
another, so that when the machine is fed with coke and the cylinders made to
revolve by steam, gas, or other motive power, the coke will be cut, broken, or
reduced in size accordingly.
L
A modification of the foregoing consists in using one or more revolving cylinders
fitted with blades or cutters as before described and a number of fixed, straight or
curved blades or cutters attached to a frame so as to radiate from top to bottom,
that is to say, the bottom of the blades are wider apart from each other than at the
top, so as to give a clearance for the broken coke to fall through. The cylinder may
be also furnished with straight or curved prongs arranged so as to pass between the
fixed blades or cutters and assist in the removal of the coke.
Another modification consists of a number of straight or curved blades or cutters,
one series being fixed to a frame and another set fastened to an arm, lever or
stamp, motion being imparted to the latter by the revolution of cams fixed to a
suitable shaft driven by manual or other power, the weight of the arm or lever,
when allowed to fall, being sufficient to break the coke lying between the two sets
of cutters.
In each of the foregoing arrangements a hopper is provided for conducting the
coke to the machine, and there may also be appliances for spreading the coke upon
the cutters, and otherwise facilitating its delivery.
In order that the foregoing may be more easily understood drawings are attached
hereto of which the following is a description.-Fig 1 is a vertical sectional
elevation of the apparatus when two cylinders are employed. Fig 2 is a front
elevation of the apparatus when one cylinder and a number of fixed cutters are
used. Fig 3 is a vertical sectional elevation of the same. Fig 4 is a front elevation
of a cylinder fitted with straight cutting blades, and Fig 5 is an elevation showing
the manner in which the fixed cutting blades are arranged in a frame, the sides of
the frame having also cutting edges.-Fig 6 shows the transverse sectional form
of the blades when made of cast iron, the upper part being chilled, and Fig 7 the
form adopted when made of steel, this shape admitting of the cutters being
reversed when one edge has worn blunt.-In Fig 1 A is the frame mounted upon
rollers B.-C is a belt pulley for communicating motion through toothed pinions to
the cylinders with their cutting blades D, D, when gas, steam, or other similar

page_text: power is used, and E is a dy wheel with winch handle for use when manual power
only is employed. F is the hopper to be charged with coke and G is a screen or
sieve to separate the coke into different sizes. In Figs 2 and 3 D is the cylinder
and J represents the series of radially placed fixed blades or cutters. In addition
to the placing of the cylinders, or cylinder and fixed blades nearer to or farther
apart from each other to produce different sizes of coke, the fixed blades are
capable of being placed nearer to or farther from one another for the same
purpose.
The action of the apparatus is as follows. The hopper being charged with coke,
motion is imparted to the cylinders or cylinder when the coke will fall either
between the two cylinders, or between the cylinder and fixed blades, according to
the apparatus used, when the coke will be cut broken or reduced in size in propor-
tion to the distance the cylinders or cylinder and fixed blades are apart from each
other. The coke so cut or broken falls upon the sieve G, the smaller pieces passing
through to K, and the larger sliding off in front to the spot marked L, so that
heaps are formed of such sized coke as to adapt each to the particular purpose for
which it is intended.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of this invention
and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, we
would observe in conclusion that we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the
precise details or arrangements that we have described or referred to as variations
may be made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of
this invention, but what we consider to be novel and original and therefore claim
as the invention secured to us by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters
Patent is,
First. The construction of coke breakers with cylinders having blades or cutters
formed thereon, as herein described and shown on the drawings.
Secondly. The construction of coke breakers with a revolving cylinder having
blades or cutters formed thereon and a series of fixed blades or cutters fitted in a
frame, as herein described and shown on the drawings.
In witness whereof we the said Hanbury John Henry Thomas and John
Somerville have hereunto set our hands and seals this Twenty fifth day
of November in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
eighty two
HANBURY J. H. THOMAS (L.S.)
JOHN SOMERVILLE
(L.S.)