Improved Combined Heater and Ventilator.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1891-Accented 12th
2004
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Combined Heater and Ventilator.
I, WILLIAM ROBINSON MACDONALD, of 6, South Diamond Street, Alleghany
City, in the County of Alleghany and State of Pennsylvania, United States of
America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for an
IMPROVED COMBINED HEATER AND VENTILATOR, to be as follows:-
5 This invention is designed as an improvement upon the combined heater and
ventilator for which Letters Patent of the United States, No. 206,739, were
issued to me on August 6th, 1878, and the object of which was to furnish a combined
heating and ventilating apparatus that might be used either solely as a heater, or
as a heater and ventilator, or for summer use, as a ventilator alone, the same
supplying heat in the customary manner, but drawing off the vitiated and foul air from
apartments, water closets, soil-pipes and such like, and conducting it away, supplying
pure air in the place thereof.
The apparatus described in said Patent, included a combination with a heater of
ventilating flues or ducts that were connected with the apartments, or pipes or
parts to be ventilated, and conducted through the heater to a collecting and
discharging foul-air flue. It also included a combination with the hot-air flue
and air-chamber of a heater, of ducts connecting the hot-air flue with a foul-
air flue, and with the bottom of the air-chamber, the hot-air flues and ducts
being provided with dampers to use the heater either for heating or ventilating,
My invention has for its object the simplifying and improving of a combined
heater and ventilator operating on the same general principles; and consisting in a
novel construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter described.
The apparatus comprises a fire chamber and fire box, both of which may be of
any approved construction; also an air chamber in which the fire chamber is
enclosed and an outer shell or casing enclosing in its turn the air chamber and
leaving a space between them. The top of the whole heater covers both the air
chamber and the space. The gaseous products may pass off through a main foul
ir flue, or otherwise.
The cold air is drawn in through suitable openings and heated in the air-chamber
y the enclosed furnace or fire-chamber, and then conducted by any number of hot-
ir flues at top, to the different apartments to be heated, supplying pure heated air
o the same by means of registers in the usual way.
Ventilating flues also connect with the apartments, water closets or elsewhere,
nd are designed to be fitted with registers above, and, passing down through the
ace inside of the outer shell, are bent to pass up through the fire-chamber and
rough the top of the heater, and there to connect with the main foul-air flue,
hich extends to the chimney or outside of the building. The suction created by
e heating of these ventilating tubes within the heater draws the foul air and dust
om above, and passes it off to the outside of the building by the main foul-air
e, as in my former Patent, but under the present construction the foul-air flue is
ced below the roof of the heater instead of above it, thus economizing space
1 causing said flue to serve as a radiator, and by its becoming heated, quickening
discharge of the foul air. This arrangement of the main foul-air flue within
heater enables me to dispense with the former direct-pipe and damper connection
ween the hot-air pipe and said foul-air duct, and utilizes the down outside duct
pipe, shown in my previously patented construction which might be placed in a
ow wall or between an inner and outer casing for summer ventilation, said pipe
rating in connection with valves or dampers, to empty the air-chamber when
ired, of vitiated air by passage through the air-chamber, and through one or
Price 8d.

page_text: more valves or dampers in the portion of the foul-air duct which lies within the
heater. Thus an elbow or reversing current pipe connects either of the hot-air
flues, with the air-chamber below, through an opening. This pipe is provided at
its top with a valve or damper that accordingly as it is raised or lowered, opens or
shuts off communication between said pipe at its top and the air duct, and is further
provided with a cold-air opening below opened and closed by a door or valve. The
main foul-air duct has one or more openings in its sides, or ends, controlled by
slides or valves, or a removable cap, as the case may be, all arranged within the
heater. When the damper is lowered and the door of the cold-air opening is
opened by the door, heat is delivered in the usual way to the apartments, but,
when the damper raised to cut off direct communication between the hot-air pipe
and the air-chamber, and the cold-air opening is closed by the valve or door, and
the openings are exposed by adjustment of the valves. Then the several hot-air
conduits for conveying air to the rooms of a building to each or any, of which a
pipe may be connected, are changed to air and dust conduits, and air is drawn or
taken from the apartment through said conduits.
To explain: For ventilation only during summer, the valve is raised to close the
hot-air pipe from connection with the top of the chamber, the door or valve
closed and the opening in the side of the main foul-air flue opened, then the
hot-air pipe instead of becoming an inlet for heated air to the apartments, becomes
an outlet for vitiated air from the apartment, such vitiated air passing from the
pipe down the elbow or current pipe, through the opening at the bottom and
up through the air chamber, where it is heated, and to and through the opening
of the main foul air flue, where it escapes.
But when the apparatus is designed to be used as a heater only, or to convey
heat to the apartments, as well as vitiated or foul-air from it, then the current
pipe ceases to act, as the valve or damper is lowered to close its connection
with the hot-air pipe, the valves being opened to admit fresh air to the air
chamber, where becoming heated it escapes by the hot-air pipe to the apartment.
In this operation of the apparatus the opening to the main foul-air pipe is
closed, and the vitiated air from the apartments then passes down the ventilating
flues, and through the heater to the main foul air flue, where it escapes.
The ventilating ducts by being passed between the inner and outer casings of
the structure and up through its roof, afford increased convenience for making
the necessary connections.
The heat of the fire chamber imparts motion to all currents, and, each foul-
air and duct pipe passing through the heater next to the fire, is independent
in its action whether the house connection be near or remote.
No mingling of the vitiated air which passes to the outside of the building with
the fresh air which enters from the outside, can possibly take place.
Dated this 12th day of November 1890.
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Combined Heater and Ventilator.
I, WILLIAM ROBINSON MACDONALD, of 6 South Diamond Street, Alleghany
City, in the County of Alleghany and State of Pennsylvania, United States of
America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is designed as an improvement upon the combined heater and
ventilator for which Letters Patent of the United States, No. 206,739 were issued
to me on August 6, 1878, and the object of which was to furnish a combined heating
and ventilating apparatus that might be used either solely as a heater or as a heater

page_text: ventilator, or for summer use as a ventilator alone, the same supplying the heat
in the customary manner, but drawing off the vitiated and foul air from apartments,
water-closets, soil-pipes, and such like, and conducting it away, supplying pure air
in the place thereof. The apparatus described in said Patent included a combina-
5 tion, with a heater, of ventilating flues or ducts that were connected with the apart-
ments or pipes or parts to be ventilated and conducted through the heater to a
collecting and discharging foul-air flue. It also included a combination, with the
hot-air flue and air-chamber of a heater, of ducts connecting the hot-air flue with a
foul-air flue and with the bottom of the air-chamber, the hot-air flue and ducts
0 being provided with dampers to use the heater either for heating or ventilating.
5
My invention has for its object the simplifying and improving of a combined
heater and ventilator operating upon the same general principles; and it consists in
a novel construction and combination of parts, substantially as hereinafter described,
and pointed out in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this
Specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in
all the figures.
Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of my improved heating and
ventilating apparatus.
and
Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same upon the line in Fig.
Fig. 3, a further vertical longitudinal section in part, showing certain portions in
a different operative position.
A is the fire-chamber, and B the fire-box, of the heater, both of which may be of
any approved construction. C is the air-chamber, in which the fire-chamber is
inclosed, and D is an outer-shell or casing inclosing in its turn the air-chamber and
leaving a space between them. The top of the whole heater covers both the air-
Chamber and the space b. The gaseous products may pass off through the main
foul-air flue E or otherwise. The cold air is drawn in through suitable openings
and heated in the air-chamber C by the inclosed furnace or fire-chamber and then
conducted by any number of hot-air flues Fat top to the different apartments to
be heated, supplying pure heated air to the same by means of registers in the
usual way.
GG are the ventilating-flues, which also connect with the apartments, water-
closets, or elsewhere, and are designed to be fitted with registers above, and which,
passing down through the space b inside of the outer shell D, are bent to pass up
through the fire-chamber A and through the top of the heater, and there to connect
with the main foul-air flue E, which extends to the chimney or outside of the
building. The suction created by the heating of these ventilating-tubes within the
heater draws the foul air and dust from above and passes them off' to the outside of
the building by the main foul-air flue E, as in my former Patent; but under the
present construction it will be noticed that the foul-air flue E is placed below the
roof of the heater instead of above it, thus economizing space and causing said flue
to serve as a radiator, and by its becoming heated quickening the discharge of
the foul air. This arrangement of the main foul-air flue E within the heater
enables me to dispense with the former direct pipe-and-damper connection between
he hot-air pipe and said foul-air duct and utilizes the down outside duct or pipe
hown in my previously-patented construction, or which might be placed in a hollow
all or between an inner and outer casing for summer ventilation, said pipe opera-
ing in connection with valves or dampers to empty the air-chamber when required
f vitiated air by passage through the air-chamber and through one or more valves
dampers in the portion of the foul-air duct which lies within the heater. Thus
I is the elbow or reversing-current pipe, which connects either of the hot-air flues F
ith the air-chamber C below through an opening c.
s top with a valve or damper d, that, accordingly as it is raised or lowered, opens
This pipe H is provided at
shuts off communication between said pipe at its top and the air-duct F, and is
rther provided with a cold-air opening e below, opened and closed by a door or
lve. The main foul-air duct E has one or more openings g in its sides or ends

page_text: controlled by slides or valves h or a removable cap, as the case may be, all arranged
within the heater. When the damper d is lowered and the door of the cold-air
opening e is opened by the door f, heat is delivered in the usual way to the apart-
ments but when the damper d is raised to cut off direct communication between
the hot-air pipe and the air-chamber C and the cold-air opening e is closed by the
valve or door and the openings y exposed by adjustment of the valves h, then the
several hot-air conduits for conveying air to the rooms of a building, to each or any
of which a pipe II may be connected, are changed to air and dust conduits, and air
is drawn or taken from the apartments through said conduits.
9
To explain, for ventilation only during summer the valve d is raised to close the
hot-air pipe from connection with the top of the chamber C, the valve closed,
and the opening in the main foul-air flue E opened. Then the pipe F, instead of
becoming an inlet for heated air to the apartment, becomes an outlet for the vitiated
air from the apartment, such vitiated air passing from the pipe F down the elbow
or current pipe Harough the opening at the bottom and up through the air-
chamber, where it is heated, and to and through the opening of the main foul-air
fine, where it escapes; but when the apparatus is designed to be used as a heater
only, or to convey heat to the apartment, as well as vitiated or foul air from it, then
the pipe H ceases to act, as the valve d is lowered to close its connection with the
duct the valves f being opened to admit fresh air to the chamber C, where,
becoming heated, it escapes by the pipe F to the apartment. In this operation of
the apparatus the opening g to the main foul-air pipe E is closed, and the vitiated
air from the apartments then passes down the pipes G and through the heater to the
main foul-air Hue E, where it escapes.
The ventilating-ducts G by being passed between the inner and outer casings of
the structure and up through its roof afford increased convenience for making the
necessary connections.
The heat of the fire-chamber imparts motion to all currents, and each foul-air
and duct pipe passing through the heater next to the fire is independent in its action
whether the house-connections be near or remote.
No mingling of the vitiated air which escapes to the outside of the building with
the fresh air which enters from the outside can possibly take place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination, with the hot-air chamber of a combined heater and venti-
lator and with the ventilating-tubes passing through the heater, of the main foul-
air-discharge flue arranged within and under cover of the heater, substantially as
specified.
2. In a combined heater and ventilator, the reversing-current pipe H and its
valves or dampers and, in combination with the pipe F, with which it connects,
and the foul-air-discharge flue E, having one or more valvular inlets, substantially
as specified.
Dated this no law of Lu1., 1901
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.