Improvements in Brakes for Velocipedes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 3rd Dec., 1898
Improvements in Brakes for Velocipedes.
I WALTER BENTLEY MARLING, of Clanna, Lydney, in the County of Gloucester,
Colonel Commanding 4th Battalion Gloucestershire Regiment, Justice of the
Peace, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the construction and arrangement of a brake for a
velocipede in such a manner that the brake is applied by moving the pedals a
little backwards, or pushing down a sliding or hinged part of the pedal.
For this purpose I connect the sprocket pinion to the nave of the driving wheel,
or in the case of a tricycle to the differential driving gear, through a ratchet and
pawl arrangement which will permit the pedals to be moved backwards while the
driving wheels are revolving in the forward direction. I also mount on the pedal
axle an arm carrying at its end a brake block which is usually held by a spring
some height above the ground. This arm has a ratchet and pawl connection to the
pedal axle, such that it is not moved while the pedals revolve in forward direction,
but when the pedals are moved backwards the arm is caused to turn partly round
with them pressing the brake block on the ground and thereby retarding or
arresting the velocipede.
Instead of employing ratchet and pawls as above described, a known form of
noiseless clutch can be used, this consisting of balls or rollers held in inclined
recesses between the two parts that are to be clutched. There may be two of the
brake arms and blocks one on each side of the pedal axle bearing.
Instead of mounting a separate brake arm on the pedal axle, one or both of the
pedal arms may be made with a sliding or hinged part which can be extended
the pedal being provided with a brake block in form of a runner.
In ordinary working, the sliding or hinged part of the arm is held by a
spring against a suitable stop, but when the brake is to be applied the pedal is
pushed down so that the arm is extended and the runner on the pedal meets the
ground and operates as a brake.
Dated this 28th day of December 1897.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Brakes for Velocipedes.
I WALTER BENTLEY MARLING, of Clanna, Lydney, in the County of Gloucester,
Colonel Commanding 4th Battalion Gloucestershire Regiment, Justice of the
Peace, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to the construction and arrangement of a brake for a

page_text: velocipede in such a manner that the brake is applied by moving the pedals a
little backwards, or by pushing down a sliding or hinged part of the pedal as I
shall describe referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a part side view of a bicycle with brake according to my invention
applicable only in cases when the driving wheel is so connected to the pedal axle
that it is driven only in the forward direction being free to revolve in that
direction when the pedals are stationary or are moving backwards.
Fig. 2 is a section through the bearing for the pedal axle and
Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, drawn to a larger scale.
Figs. 4 and 5 are side views shewing in two positions a brake modified according
to my invention to suit a bicycle the pedal chain wheel of which always revolves
with the pedal axle the driving wheel being free to run forwards. Fig. 6 is a rear
view and Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5.
Referring first to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, on the pedal axle on the one side and on a
boss of the chain wheel on the other side are fitted two arms A A' carrying brake
blocks B these arms being usually held up in the position shewn in full lines in
Fig. 1 by a spring C. The arm A where it embraces the boss D) of the chain
wheel has a ball or other clutch which slips while the pedals revolve in the forward
direction, but which clutches the arm A to the boss D when the pedals revolve
backwards.
When it is necessary to put on the brake, the rider moves his pedals somewhat
backwards thus causing the arm A to swing downwards and press the brake block
on the ground as indicated by the dotted lines B¹ in Fig. 1.
The brake B may be employed as a rest for the bicycle when standing, by
bringing it to the braking position and securing it in that position by a pin slid
into a hole a in the ring of the arm A, out of a boss b on the bearing of the
pedal axle.
This pin is moved out of the hole a or into it by a crank on the lower end of a
spindle c. The upper end of this spindle has an arm d which can be turned partly
round by hand or by the foot of the rider thus engaging or disengaging the pin.
The spindle may be held in the position in which it engages the pin in the
hole a by the bolt of a lock c.
Referring now to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 I fix to one or both of the pedals a
brake runner E, and I mount this pedal, or each of the pedals if both have runners,
on a bar F which is fitted to slide along the pedal arm G and is urged upwards
by a spring H. When the brake has to be put on, the rider when the pedal is
approaching the lowest part of its course presses it forcibly down thus causing
the runner E to bear on the ground as shewn in Fig. 5. In order to lessen the
resistance of the spring H when the pedal is thus depressed, I prefer to attach
the spring H to an arm K pivotted on a projection from the pedal arm and having
a slot engaging a pin projecting from the pedal so that when the pedal is depressed
bringing the arm K into an inclined position, the spring in tending to raise the
pedal acts with reduced leverage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
1. The brake for a velocipede having its driving wheel or wheels free to revolve
forwards, constructed and operating substantially as described with reference
to Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
2. The modified brake for a velocipede constructed and operating substantially
as described with reference to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7.
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