Improvements in Intensifiers used in Combination with Hydraulic Baling Presses.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Dec., 1894-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Intensifiers used in Combination with Hydraulic
Baling Presses.
I, WILLIAM NATHAN DACK, of Patricroft, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and HENRY WOOD and NORMAN MACBETH both of the
Victoria Foundry Bolton in the said County, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in intensifiers used in combination with
hydraulic baling presses, and the chief object of our improvements is to effect a
saving in the amount of water used in working such presses through an intensifier.
In carrying our improvements into effect we connect the main water supply to the
main cylinder of the intensifier and to the press cylinder through a valve box which
by preference according to our invention contains all the valves necessary for
working the intensifier and the press or a number of presses as the case may be.
The ram of the intensifier is connected to two pairs of toggle levers each pair
being connected to the ram of an oscillating cylinder which is in communication with
the main water supply through the aforesaid valve box.
J
In operation, supposing the intensifier and press to be empty, water under
pressure is first admitted through the valve box to the bottom of both the intensifier
and press rams but not to the rams of the oscillating cylinders. The effect of this
is to raise the intensifier ram to the end of its outward stroke thereby forcing
back the toggle levers and driving the rams connected thereto back into their
oscillating cylinders, also raising the press ram as far as the main pressure will
force it and thereby giving the preliminary pressure to the bale. Then the main
water is turned into the oscillating cylinders and as their rams are forced outwards
their toggle levers are driven back, the intensifier ram is forced inwards, the water
pressure is automatically shut off from the main supply to the press by the closing
of the first admission valve which is a non-return valve, and the water below the
intensifier rain is forced from the cylinder into the press cylinder, the intensified
pressure thus obtained by the oscillating cylinders plus the increased power derived
from the compound levers or toggle joints being more than sufficient to give the
final pressure required to finish the bale.
the
When the bale has thus been completely pressed and after it has been lashed
and secured the water is allowed to run off from the press cylinder, and materials
for the next bale are put into the press, then main water is again admitted to the
intensifier through an automatic non-return valve and the water from
oscillating cylinders is forced into the press cylinder thereby
"taking up
the slack" and giving the preliminary pressure to the bale which is completed as
previously described.
In each instance where we have spoken of employing one cylinder we may use
two or more and some of them may draw their water from a source independent of
the main and instead of two pairs of compound levers or toggle joints we may employ
any suitable number. Again the cylinders described as oscillating may be fixed
if preferred and the water forced out of them may be used to give the preliminary
pressure to the bale in another press.
The water supply may be from an ordinary town's main, from an accumulator,
from pumps or other suitable source of supply, and in order to prevent any risk of

page_text: breakage or accident we propose to employ a weighted safety valve or accumulator
between the intensifier and the press.
Dated this 22nd day of February 1894.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
Agents for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Intensifiers used in Combination with Hydraulic
Baling Presses.
We, WILLIAM NATHAN DACK, of Patricroft, near Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, and HENRY WOOD and NORMAN MACBETH, both of the
Victoria Foundry, Bolton, in the said County, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to he
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in intensifiers used in combination with
hydraulic baling presses and the chief object of our improvements is to effect a
saving in the amount of water used in working such presses through an intensifier.
In carrying our improvements into effect we connect the main water supply
to the main cylinder of the intensifier and to the press cylinder through a valve
box which by preference according to our invention contains all the valves
necessary for working the intensifier and the press or a number presses as the
case may be. The ram of the intensifier is connected to two pairs of toggle
levers each pair being connected to the ram of an oscillating cylinder which is
in communication with the main water supply through the aforesaid valve box.
And in order that our invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect we will describe the accompanying four sheets of drawings reference
being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 a plan, part of the framing being
removed, of an intensifier constructed according to our invention.
Figure 3 is a view of an alternative arrangement.
Figures 4 and 5 are clevation and plan respectively of a second alternative
arrangement.
Figure 6 is a view of a third alternative arrangement.
Figures 7 and 8 are two views of a fourth alternative arrangement.
Figure 9 is a view of a fifth alternative arrangement.
Figures 10 and 11 are side elevation and plan respectively of the valve box
containing all the valves for working the intensifier and one press.
Referring first to the arrangement of intensifier illustrated by Figures 1 and 2,
in these views a designates three fixed hydraulic cylinders and two oscillating
cylinders of larger area which are pivoted at d d and are counter weighted at e e.
The rams of the smaller cylinders a are connected by two pairs of toggle
levers g g
the rams of the oscillating cylinders bb. The three cylinders a
are connected by pipes iii to the main water supply and to the press cylinder
through the valve box hereinafter described and the oscillating cylinders 66 are
also connected by pipes jj to the main water supply through the valve box..
In operation, supposing the intensifier and press to be empty, water is first
admitted through an automatic non return or other valve in the valve box to the
bottom of the smaller cylinders a and the press cylinder but not to the oscillating
cylinders b b.
The effect of this is to raise the rams f to the end of their outward stroke
thereby forcing back the toggle levers g g and driving the ramsh connected
thereto back into their oscillating cylinders bb, also raising the press ram as far
as the main pressure will force it and thereby giving the preliminary pressure

page_text: to the bale. Then the main water is turned into the oscillating cylinders b b
and as their rams h are forced outwards the toggle levers yg are driven back
the rams are forced inwards, the water pressure is automatically or otherwise
shut off from the main supply to the press by the closing of the first admission
valve which may be a non-return valve, and the water below the rams f is forced
from the cylinders a into the press cylinder, the intensified pressure thus obtained
by the larger area of the oscillating cylinders bb plus the increased power derived
from the compound toggle levers gg being more than sufficient to give the final
pressure required to finish the bale.
When the bale has thus been completely pressed and after it has been lashed
and secured the water is allowed to run off from the press cylinder and materials
for the next bale are put into the press, then main water is again admitted to the
smaller cylinders « of the intensifier through the automatic non-return valve, and
the water from the oscillating cylinders bb supplemented by the pressure from the
main if necessary is forced into the press cylinder thereby "taking up the slack
and giving the preliminary pressure to the bale which is completed as previously
described.
"
The arrangement illustrated by Fig. 3 is substantially the same as that already
described except that in this case there are two small fixed cylinders a a instead of
three, and the cylinders.bare fixed instead of oscillating.
In the arrangement illustrated by Figs. 4 and 5 there are two fixed cylinders
placed tandem. The ram of the smaller cylinder a is connected by the toggle
levers 9.9 to the ram of the larger cylinder band the toggles g g are connected
by a pair of links or short toggles gl g₁ to fixed centres kk.
The operation is substantially identical with that already described, the
preliminary pressure being obtained by the main water acting first on the smaller
ram and then by turning the main water into the larger cylinder the final
pressure is given to the bale.
In the arrangement illustrated by Fig. 6 there are four movable cylinders a abb
arranged to slide in guides. The rams ff and hh are stationary and the pipes i i
and connected to the main water supply pass through them. The rams f and h
are coupled together in pairs by a pair of levers or toggles g g which are connected
together by a link 1. The preliminary pressure is obtained by admitting water to
the cylinders a a and the final pressure by turning the water into the cylinders bb
as already described.
In the arrangement illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8 two fixed cylinders a bare
employed and their rams are pivoted to a triangular plate m which is pivoted
to a slide block n fitted in a stationary guide way and the plate m is also pivoted
by a link or short toggle g' to a fixed centre k.
In the arrangement illustrated by Fig. 9 there are two fixed cylinders of which
a is the smaller and the larger. On each of the rams or pistons f and his
mounted a pulley o and at the outer end of each cylinder is mounted a pulley o¹
all four pulleys o o¹ being divided into any desired number of sheaves for chains;
equidistant between the two cylinders a and b is fulcrumed at p¹ a rocking lever p
to the end of which two chains & s' are attached the other ends of the chains being
taken round the two sets of pulleys o o¹ and finally secured to the crosshead of the
pulleys o or to a fixed point of the frame.
In operation when water under pressure is admitted to the smaller cylinder a
with the parts occupying the relative positions shown in the drawing, the ram or
piston is forced outward and its pulley o moving with it draws on the chains and
pulls over the rocking lever p to the other position indicated by the dotted line.
The effect of this is to draw up the chain and thereby force inward the ram or
piston and expel the water in the cylinder b to give the preliminary pressure to
the bale.
In like manner when the main water is turned into the larger cylinder 6 the
movements are reversed and the water is expelled from the cylinder a to give the
final pressure.

page_text: In each instance where we have employed one cylinder we may use two or more
and some of them may draw their water from a source independent of the main and
similarly we may employ.any suitable number of compound or toggle jointed links
levers or equivalent parts arranged so as to couple or connect the rams of the
intensifier cylinders together in such manner as to gain leverage and give a gradually
increasing pressure on the bale. Again the cylinders described as oscillating may
be fixed if preferred and the water forced out of them may be used to give the
preliminary pressure to the bale in another press.
The water supply may be from an ordinary town's main, from an accumulator,
from pumps or other suitable source of supply; and in order to prevent any risk of
breakage or accident we propose to employ a weighted safety valve or accumulator
between the intensifier and the press.
The intensifier may either be used in combination with a single press or with a
number of presses in series.
In Figs. 10 and 11 we illustrate a suitable arrangement of valves in one and the
same valve box for working our intensifier in combination with a single press.:
There are four valves 1, 2, 3, 4, of which the valve 1 is for admitting water from
the main to the cylinder or cylinders a; the valve 2 is for admitting water from
the main to the press; the valve 3 is for admitting water from the main to the
cylinder or cylinders &; and the valve 4 is a stop or waste valve for letting water
out of the press. For each additional press we should require additional valves
which may be placed in the same valve box so as to facilitate working.
Each of these valves is a non-return valve, that is to say it is arranged to close
automatically in case of a reversal of pressure or flow of water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
In intensifiers used in connection with hydraulic baling presses-
1. The combination with a cylinder or cylinders for giving the preliminary
pressure to the bale, and a cylinder or cylinders of larger area for giving the final
pressure to the bale, of compound or toggle jointed links levers or equivalent parts
for coupling or connecting the rams of said cylinders together substantially in the
manner and for the purposes herein described.
2. The several constructions combinations and alternative arrangements of parts
embodying our improvements in intensifiers substantially as herein described and as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 21st day of December 1894.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
. 17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for Applicants.