IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE SHOES AND 1 IN MACHINERY, FOR ROLLING BLANKS FOR SAME
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company; Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE SHOES AND
1 IN MACHINERY, FOR ROLLING BLANKS FOR SAME" A communication from
abroad by James William Chesnut, of Pomeroy, State of Ohio, United States
of America.
Sealed the 29th October, 1878; and dated the 10th September 1878.
.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th September 1878.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HORSE-SHOES AND IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING BLANKS FOR SAME." A
communication from abroad by James William Chesnut, of Pomeroy, State of Ohio,
United States of America.
The improvements consist in making horse-shoes by rolling metal bars with a
V shaped flange, notching said flange, and bending the blank into shape.
Also, in making blanks consisting of a channeled bar with parallel ridges and
cavities, together with a longitudinal seperating groove.
Lastly, in a sectional roll, consisting essentially of two heads secured to a driving.
shaft and a cylinder fitted to said heads, the cylinder being armed with moveable
dies whose contiguous ends abut.
The improvements may be practically performed as illustrated in the Drawings
bereunto annexed.
Figure 1 is a view of the lower side or face of a shoe; Fig. 2 is a detail section
of the same, taken through the line 2, 2, Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of
arrow 1; Fig. 3 is a detail cross section of one arm of the same, taken through
the line y, y, Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of arrow 2.

page_text: Fig. 4 is a side view of a piece of one of the blanks from which one form of the
shoe is made.
Fig. 5 is a cross section of the blank taken through the line 2, 2, Fig. 4.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the above Figures.
In making my improved shoes a bar of metal or steel is rolled out into a blauk
of somewhat the shape shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The body of the blank A should
be of the shape and size to form a shoe of the required heaviness, and upon its side
is rolled a wedge-shaped ridge or rib a' of a size proportioned to the size of the
body of the blank. The rib a' may be at a little distance from both edges of the
body, so as to form a shoulder along both sides of the said rib, as was the case with
the blank from which the shoe shown, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, was made; or it may be
formed along one edge of the blank, as shewn in Figs. 4 and 5. The rib a¹ may be
brought to an edge, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5; or it may be made with a flat top
of more or less width, according as the calks aro required to be more or less sharp.
The rib a' is then notched in a press, the sides of the notches being made at about
the same inclination as the sides of the rib a The pyramidal projections or
calks B will be in the form of perfect or truncated pyramids, according as the rib a
is made with a sharp top or with a flat top. The In body C of the shoe, in each
space between the calks B, is formed a nail hole, so that the shoe can be firmly
nailed to the hoof. The blank is then cut into lengths to form the shoes, and these
lengths are then bent into the proper shape. The nail holes may be made either
before or after the bending, but if made before, care must be taken to make them
of such shape that the bending will leave thein in proper shape and size to receive
the nails. By this construction the shoe C and calks B will be in one solid piece,
and the foot will be firmly supported all around, so that the horse can stand firmly.
This construction also prevents the horse from slipping, as it will be scarcely
possible for the horse to set his foot down in such a position that none of the calks
will have a hold. This construction also enables the shoe to be securely nailed to
the horse's foot, which in connection with the construction of the shoe causes it to
be held in place more surely than shoes construted in the usual way, so that the
shoes will.not need to be reset so frequently, thus preventing the horse's hoofs from
being torn or injured by the frequent drawing out of the nails.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the bar from which a horse-shoe blank is to be
made.
Fig. 2a is another perspective view, showing the second step in the manufacture
of the blank.
Fig. 3 is a plan of a complete shoe, as made from my improved blank.
Fig. 4a is a longitudinal section of the same taken through the valley between
the two rows of calks.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse section of the shoc,
And Figs. 6 and 7 represent modifications of my Invention.
The first step in the manufacture of this improved horse-shoe blank consists in
rolling a metal or steel bar into the shape shown in Fig. 1a, which rolled bar may
be of any suitable size. It will be observed that said bar is constructed with a flat
under side A, and a vertical or nearly vertical front edge B, the inner portion of
bottom A being somewhat beveled or chamfered off at a. The bar or blank is
also constructed with two V shaped ridges, splines, or ribs C, C¹, whose respective
apices c, c¹, are parallel with each other and in the same plane. In rolling this bar
the ridges C, C, may be brought to a sharp edge, as seen in Figs. 1ª and 2°; or
said ridges may be truncated, as represented at c¹¹, c, in Figs. 5 and 7. These
two parallel ridges are seperated by a grooved valley or depression D, having
preferably the concave bottom; as represented in Fig. 5, thereby avoiding sharp
angles in the shoe. This ridged and longitudinally-grooved bar baving, been
reduced to the previously described shape, either at a single operation or by a con-
secutive series of operations, the final pass through the rolls channels said blank
transversely, so as to remove my desired amount of metal from each of the
opposing ridges C, C¹. Fig. 2ª represents the blank after it has been channeled

page_text: transversely; the intermittent spaces or notches E being of any suitable length with
reference to the standing portions of the ridges, which projecting members con-
stitute the calks proper of the shoe. For the purpose of removing these interdental
portions of the ridges I employ either a cutter, or press, or punch, or any other.
device that will accomplish the desired result without straining or otherwise
injuring the bar. In applying this improved blank to the manufacture of horse-
shoes the blanks are cut into lengths proportionate to the size of the shoe desired,
after which the bar is reheated and bent around a suitable former or dic, so as to
impart to the shoe a shape approximating to the one represented in Fig. 3ª. By
referring to this illustration it will be noticed that the toe calk is somewhat longer
than the other calks, which is my preferred way of manufacturing the shoe;
although I reserve the right to vary the size and number of projections to suit the
demands of trade.
After bending the blank the holes F for the nails may be punched through the
shoe in any appropriate place.
It is evident that by thus providing the shoe with two distinct sets of calks the
bearing surface upon the ground will be increased accordingly, and consequently
the animal will have a more secure hold on rough and irregular pavement, and be
less liable to slip and injure himself. This duplication of the bearing surfaces
enhance the utility of the shoe without adding materially to the original cost.
The bar represented in Fig. 2a has the transverse notches E of the two ridges
C and C exactly in line with each other and of corresponding width; but the
arrangement may be departed from, so as to bring the outer row of calks opposite
the transverse channels of the inner row of calks (see Fig. 6).
Fig. 7 shows another modification, in which the ridges C, C', are very much
truncated, and the interdental spaces E are cut so as to communicate with each
other, by which means the calks are disposed transversely of the shoe, instead of
being arranged longitudinally of the same.
0
Figure 1b is a front elevation of the improved sectional roll, the housings and
gears of the same being omitted, Fig. 2b is a vertical section thereof.
Fig. 3b is a vertical section of the various parts of the sectional roll detached from
each other, the driving shaft being omitted.
Fig. 4b is an enlarged transverse section of a portion of the cylinder. and its
accessories, the section being taken in the plane of the circumferential groove, and
one of the dies being shown detached from said groove.
Figs. 5 and 6 represent modifications of the Invention.
The principal member of my sectional roll is a hollow cylinder or tube A, of any
suitable length, diameter, and thickness of material. This cylinder may be com
posed of iron or steel, or any other suitable metal; and it is furnished with an
annular or circumferential groove or channel B, and a number of radial apertures b,
whose office will presently appear. This groove may be of any desired shape in
its transverse section. Seated within this annular groove are sectional or segmental
dies C, whose outer peripheries are so shaped as to impart the desired form to the
heated bar, blank, or plate, when such bar or blank is passed through the rolls.
In the Drawings these dies are shown as provided with a central and V shaped
ridge c for the purpose of forming a V shaped groove or depression longitudinally
of the heated bar, blank, or plate; but it is evident said dies may be cut so as to
impart any desired shape or combinations of forms to the blank, such, for example,
as a series of alternate transverse ridges and valleys, or otherwise.
Each segment or individual die is furnished with one or more stems or shanks D,
screw threaded at their inner ends, and capable of being passed through the radial
apertures b, after which nuts & are engaged with said screw-threaded stems, as
seen in Figs. 2b and 4b. Two or more of such segments may be applied to the
groove B, care being taken to have their contiguous ends in close contact, so as to
constitute practically a continuous or uninterrupted die around the cylinder or
roll A.

page_text: -
The preferred method of attaching this cylinder to the driving shaft E is as
follows: Said shaft is preferably a steel bar of any suitable diameter, and has
firmly secured to it with keys e, e³, or other equivalent devices, two heads or disks
F, F, provided respectively with short inwardly projecting flanges or hubs f, f',
capable of entering the opposite ends of cylinders A, as seen in Fig. 2b. In order
that these heads may drive the cylinder the former are provided with tongues or
projections G that fit snugly within sockets or grooves g in the ends of said cylinder,
although any other secure method may be employed for coupling these three
members of the sectional roll together. Two tongues will suffice for each head, but
a greater number of them may be employed if preferred. The projecting ends
H, H, of the shaft E constitute the necks or journals of the roll, and it is preferred
to reduce the diameter of said necks a distance equal to the depth of the key seats
in said shaft. This arrangement obviates the cutting of grooves or channels in said
necka.
It is preferred to make the upper roll I in the previously described sectional
manner, but as said roll is not generally furnished with dies it may be solid. In
the Drawing however it is represented as composed of a cylinder I and two heads
F, F, which are coupled to said cylinder or roll in the same manner as are
the cylinder A and its heads. This upper roll is represented as having a rect-
angular pass cut in it, as said roll acts only on the back of the blank, which back
is generally flat or nearly flat. But this cylinder I may be provided with the
segmental dies, and the lower one, A, may have the pass in it. Or both cylinders
may be furnished with dies, according to the kind of bar, or blank, or plate, that is
to be rolled in the mill. The upper cylinder has two collars J, J1, with inclined
shoulders j, j, thereby affording guides for the enlarged diameter K of the lower
roll A. By this means the two cylinders or rolls A and I are maintained in close
contact with each other, and neither of them can shift longitudinally with reference
to the other in case the keys e, e', should work loose. Each roll has been shown as
provided with but one groove, armed with a practically continuous die; but two or
imore of such grooves and dies may be applied to a single roll, which grooves and
dies can be so shaped as to gradually reduce the bar to the desired form.
In the modification shown in Fig. 5a the die C is represented as entering some
distance into the upper roll I, which arrangement is necessitated by the peculiar
shape of the bar or blank to be rolled, to produce such an arrangement of heel, toe,
and side calks, as seen in Fig. 2º.
In Fig. 6 a tie rod L is shown for clamping the two heads of the roll together,
said rod being passed through a perforated lug or lugs on the inner side of the
cylinder. This rod is used in conjunction with the tongues G and sockets g
previously described. The shanks D, d, may be omitted, and the dies furnished
with laterally projecting lugs or ears to receive screws or bolts, wherewith said
segments C can be secured in the groove B; or the dies may be retained in position
with keys or other devices.
1. The process of making horse-shoes by rolling metal bars with a V shaped
flange, notching said flange, and bending the blank into shape, as shown and
described, whereby the calks are brought closer together at the toe, where the
greater strain and wear is.
(2.) The blank herein described, consisting of a bar A, B, with parallel ridges
C, C, transverse cavities E, E, and a longitudinal separating groove D, as
specified.
(3.) A sectional roll, consisting essentially of two heads secured to a driving
shaft, and a cylinder or tube fitted to said heads, the cylinder being armed with
two or more removable dies or formers, whose contiguous ends abut, substantially
as herein described and set forth.

page_text: (4.) The combination of shaft E, detachable heads F, F', grooved cylinder A, B,
and retaining devices e, el, G, g, or their equivalents, substantially as herein
described and set forth.
(5.) The combination of driving shaft E, detachable heads, F, f, F¹, f', grooved
cylinder A, B, b, removable dies or formers C, D, d, and retaining devices e, e¹, and
G, g, substantially as herein described and set forth.
(6.) In combination with driving shaft E, e, e', detachable leads F, f, F¹, ƒ¹, lower
cylinder A, and upper cylinder I, the collar J, J', shoulders j, j', and enlargement K,
to prevent either of the said cylinders shifting longitudinally in case the head F
or F should become loose, all substantially as herein described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of September, A. D. 1878.
זג! תיז
H. J. HADDAN.
표.
(1.5.)