IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Oddy, of the Adelphi Iron Works,
Salford, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
Robert Nuttall, of Bury, in the same County, Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING."-Partly a com-
munication from abroad by John Burns Smith, of Wappinger Falls,
in the State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 4th February 1870, and dated the 8th September 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Oddy and
Robert Nuttall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th September 1869.
We, SAMUEL ODDY, of the Adelphi Iron Works, Salford, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and ROBERT NUTTALL, of Bury,
in the same County, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the

page_text: said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING," to be as
follows:-
The first part of our Invention consists in a new arrangement of the
under fallers and the building fallers. For the purpose of building a firmer
cop we make use of the ordinary faller shaft and vibrating shaft.
In performing this part of our Invention we mount the under fallers
loosely on the faller shaft or on the boss of the building fallers, all
the under fallers being secured together by the vibrating shaft. The
building fallers we make with forked ends, each end carrying a faller
wire. The arms of the building fallers nearest to the delivering rollers are
provided with a number of radial holes for the purpose of altering the
position of their faller wires, and thus varying the angle of the in
passing from the delivery rollers to the mule spindle. The yarn from
the delivery rollers passes over the wire in one end of the building
faller, then round the wire in the under faller, and thence over a wire
in the other end of the building faller to the mule spindle. By this
arrangement the under and the building fallers and the wires have a
concentric movement with each other.
yarn
The second part of our Invention is an improvement upon a former
Patent granted to Edward Oldfield, October the Twenty-eighth, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, No. 2665, and it consists in an
improved method giving motion to the reciprocating cam piece. The
cam piece in performing the operation of each stretch moves twice, only
once up, and then returns to its former position. The reciprocating
cam piece is worked in the following manner:-The cam shaft is driven
continuously from the backing-off wheel or other wheel of the headstock
in any convenient manner. This cam shaft is provided with a long
bossed cam, to which cam the ordinary catch box is keyed, and is motion
given to the catch box and cam as usual. For this purpose I prefer
to employ a box cam working a lever across the mule on a fixed
fulcrum. The other end of this lever is connected to the rod attached
to the reciprocating cam piece, by which means the cam piece receives
its up-and-down motion.
E

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Oddy and Robert Nuttall in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 8th March 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
ODDY, of the Adelphi Iron Works, Salford, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, and ROBERT NUTTALL, of Bury, in the same
County, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Samuel Oddy and Robert Nuttall, Her
special licence that we, the said Samuel Oddy and Robert Nuttall, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Samuel Oddy and Robert Nuttall, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING,"
partly a communication to us from abroad by John Burns Smith, of
Wappinger Falls, in the State of New York, United States of America,
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Samuel Oddy and
Robert Nuttall, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Oddy and Robert Nuttall,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say):
:-
The nature of this Invention consists, first, in certain improved
arrangements of the building and under fallers of self-acting mules, by
which the yarn is wound tighter on the spindles and firmer cops are

page_text: ount than by the usual arrangement of fallers; and, secondly, in an
improved mode of working the cam piece described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to Edward Oldfield on the Twenty-eighth day
of October One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number 2665,
by which the requisite changes are produced for performing the various
operations of the mule by a single up-and-down motion of the cam
piece, which up-and-down motions are each performed at a single step.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation we will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
Figure 1 represents part of a self-acting mule to which one of our
improved arrangements of the fallers is applied. a are the drawing
rollers; b, the carriage; c, the spindles; d, the building faller shaft;
d', the building fallers; e, the under faller shaft; and e', the under
fallers. These parts are made in the usual. manner. To the shaft d, in
addition to the building fallers d', are mounted loosely the extra fallers d³,
or the extra fallers de may be loose on the boss of the building fallers d'.
All the fallers are provided with wires marked with similar letters of
reference. The fallers d' and d must be placed near to each other;
and to the fallers d² are fixed studs or projections d', which when the
fallers are up during the spinning, as shewn in the full lines, rest upon
the fallers d', but when the fallers dare down, as shewn in dotted lines,
for winding on the second faller wire d² presses upon the yarn outside
the under faller wire e¹. The building faller wire d' and the extra faller
wire d² move in concentric arcs of circles. During the winding on the
yarn from the drawing rollers passes under the extra faller wire &³, over
the under faller wire e', and under the building faller wire d' to the
spindle c. The extra faller wire d must be made of considerably
stronger wire than the building faller wire in order that the weight of
the wire may give the desired tension to the yarn. By this arrangement
of three faller wires additional friction is given to the yarn, thereby
producing firmer cops than can be produced by the ordinary two-faller
wires. Another great advantage resulting from this arrangement of
faller wires is that the strain on the yarn is removed from the bite of the
drawing rollers and is supported between the three faller wires, thereby
preventing to a great extent the breaking of the yarn.
Figure 2 is a modification of our improved arrangement of fallers. In
this instance the building fallers d are forked at the end, and each

page_text: prong of the fork is provided with a wire marked d' and d. The under
fallers and wire el are similar to those in ordinary mules. The under
faller wire e¹ works in between the building faller wire d' and the extra
faller wire d. In this view the faller wires are shewn in the positions
they occupy when the winding-on is partly completed. The yarn from
the delivering rollers a passes under the extra faller wire d, then over
the under faller wire e¹, then under the faller wire d, and thence to the
spindles c. We wish to remark here that instead of making the sickles
of the fallers d forked, as shewn, the additional faller wire &* may be
supported by a separate set of sickles fixed to the faller shaft d.
Figure 3 represents another modification of our improved arrangement
of fallers. In this instance the fallers d' are forked, and the outer prong
of the fork is provided with the extra faller wire d. The. under fallers e¹
are made longer than usual, so that the under faller wire may move in
the arc of a circle beyond the extra faller wire d². The yarn from the
drawing rollers first passes over the under faller wire e¹, then under the
extra faller wire d, then under the faller wire d', and thence to the
spindles. We wish to observe that the relative position of the faller
wire d' and extra faller wire d may be considerably varied, so as to vary
the angles of the yarn in passing from the drawing rollers to the spindles
by making a series of holes in the arc of a circle in the forked building
fallers or in the separate fallers; or a similar result may be attained by
fixing both the wires d and d to a projection or plate at the end of the
usual building fallers.
Figure 4 is a side view, and Figure 5 an end view of part of the
headstock of a self-acting mule to which the second part of our improve-
ments is applied. In these views 9 is the sliding cam piece, in which
are the cam slots d³, k³, and b' for working the front rollers for moving
the driving strap and the drawing-out catch box, as described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to Edward Oldfield on the Twenty-
eighth day of October One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three,
Number 2665.
Our Invention consists in an improved mode of giving motion to the
cam piece, and it is effected in the following manner :-x is a shaft with
a long bossed cam x¹, as described in the Patent granted to John Wain
on the Tenth day of November One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
four, Number 2393. On this long bossed cam is the eccentric ³, which,
as the cam revolves gives a vibrating motion to the forked lever. o, which

page_text: is mounted on a stud fixed to the bracket o'. To the other end of the
lever o is jointed the lower end of the link o, the upper end of which is
connected to a stud projecting from the cam piece g. To the lever o is
cast or fixed a stud, which gives an up-and-down motion to the vertical
lever for putting into and out of contact the putting-up friction cones y.
The shaft is driven from the backing-off wheel, as shewn by dotted
circles in Figure 5, or from any other convenient part of the headstock.
The mode of operation is as follows, and the Drawing shews the parts
in the positions they occupy when the cam piece 9 is down and the
carriage is in:-The parts remain in these positions until the carriage is
again out; the eccentric ³ is then turned half round by the usual
change motion, thereby raising the cam piece g and allowing the
putting-up friction cones y to come in contact; the raising of the cam
piece g throws out of gear the drawing-out catch boxes, stops the drawing
rollers, and moves the driving strap on to the putting-up pulley.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that all the requisite
changes for performing the various operations of the mule are effected by
a single up-and-down motion of the cam piece g, the upward motion
being effected at one step instead of at two steps, as in the Patent of
Edward Oldfield above referred to, and that the lever o by which the
cam piece g is actuated is put in motion from the backing-off wheel or
other convenient part of the mule headstock.
Having thus stated the nature of these improvements, being partly a
communication from John Burns Smith, and partly our own Invention,
and described the mode of performing the same, we wish to observe with
regard to the first part of this Invention that we do not claim the
application of three faller wires to a self-acting mule, as we are aware
that attempts have been made to build cops with three faller wires; but
what we do claim is,―
First. The application of an extra faller wire to the building faller,
and moving in the arc of a circle concentric therewith, whether the
extra faller be loose on the building faller shaft, as shewn in Figure 1,
or fast to the building faller shaft, as shewn and described in reference
to Figures 2 and 3, whereby the yarn is drawn over a greater surface
of wire to increase the friction and consequently to build harder cops.
And, secondly. The machinery described and shewn in Figures 4 and
5, or any mere modification thereof, for effecting the various changes in

page_text: the operations of the mule by a single up-and-down motion of the cam
piece, the upward motion being effected at a single step.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Oddy and Robert Nuttall,
have hereto set our hands and seals, this Fourth day of March
One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
SAMUEL ODDY.
(L.S.)
ROBERT NUTTALL. (L.S.)