IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ephraim Taylor, of Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ephraim Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
September 1857.
I, EPHRAIM TAYLOR, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Looms," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in placing a bar or rod under the yarn beam,
and connecting it to a spring, one end of which is fixed to the framing of the
loom, which spring gives resistance to the bar, and also to the beam by con-
necting them together with a hooked rod; the height of the hook is adjusted
by means of a handle and lever, and retained in its position by a pin placed in
a hole in the bar, in which there are several holes, one of which is chosen
according to the position required.
When desired, I attach to the aforesaid spring an additional spring, so as to
press upon the bar or rod after the said bar has attained a certain height,
thereby giving it an increased resistance, and adapting it for the yarn beam.

page_text: when weaving twills or heavy cloth. For other descriptions of weaving one
spring only will be found sufficient.
These arrangements are for the purpose of superseding the weights and
levers usually attached to the yarn beam, and for giving the yarn and beam an
easy and steady motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the Ephraim Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 1st
March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EPHRAIM
TAYLOR, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Ephraim Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said Ephraim Taylor,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Ephraim
Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter, during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Ephraim Taylor, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office, within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ephraim Taylor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
I place a bar or rod under the yarn beam, and connect it to a spring, one
end of which is fixed to the framing of the loom, the said spring giving
resistance to the bar, and also to the beam, by connecting them together with
a hooked rod; the height of the hook is adjusted by a handle and lever; and
retained in its position by a pin placed in a hole in the bar, in which there
are several holes, one of which is chosen according to the position required.

page_text: When necessary I attach to the aforesaid spring an additional spring, so as
to press upon the bar or rod after the bar has attained a certain height,
thereby giving it an increased resistance, thus adapting it for the yarn beam
when weaving twills or heavy cloth.
For weaving light descriptions of cloth one spring will be found sufficient.
Or, instead of the additional spring, 1 give a check or resistance to the yarn
beam at each stroke or beating up of the loom, by causing an arm or lever to
press down the cord connected to the beam and spring, the said lever being
connected to the sword arm, or acted upon by a single tappet on the crank
shaft, or a double tappet on the tappet shaft.
}
These arrangements are for the purpose of superseding the levers and
weights usually attached to the yarn beam, and for giving it an easy and steady.
motion. The manner in which my said Invention is to be performed will be
clearly understood by reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and
the letters of reference thereon, in which similar letters refer to similar
parts.
Fig. 1 represents the framing and yarn beam of a loom having one arrange-
ment of my improved resisting motion, consisting of springs only. Fig. 2 is
a transverse view of the framing and yarn beam of a loom, having another
arrangement, in which springs are employed with the addition of a tapping or
checking motion. Fig. 3, a longitudinal view thereof; and Fig. 4, a modi-
fication of the same.
In Fig. 1, a is the yarn beam attached by the ropes 6 and hooks c to the
strong springs d, held firmly at one end to the framing e, which springs for
light work are generally found sufficient, but when the work is heavy I employ
other springs f, placed so as to press upon the springs d as they rise up, or to
bars or rods, to which the springs d may be connected.
In Figs. 2 and 3, the yarn beam is also represented at a, connected by
ropes and hooks to the strong springs d, which give, as in the former example,
sufficient resistance for light work, but instead of the additional spring I give
at each stroke a tap or check to eye-bolts g, by the levers h, connected by the
rods i to the sword arms k, the said eye-bolts being attached to the springs d.
It is evident that as each stroke of the levers h press the eye-bolts, a hold or
check is given, which, in connection with the springs, gives to the
yarn beam
an easy and efficient resistance. In Fig. 4, I represent a mode of obtaining
the tapping or checking motion by means of a tappet on the tappet shaft.
The levers h being connected to the shaft l, having an arm or lever m placed
so as to come in contact with a tappet n, which as it revolves depresses the
tapping levers h, acting upon the eye-bolts, springs, and yarn beam, the same

page_text: as in Figs. 2 and 3. By employing a single tappet on the crank shaft, a
similar checking motion can be given to the levers h.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein set forth, as such
may be varied or modified without departing from the principle thereof; but I
claim as my Invention, and which to the best of my knowledge and belief has
not been hitherto used within the realm, the employment of two or more
springs to give resistance to the yarn beam instead of levers and weights;
and also a tapping or checking action in connection with the said springs, as
such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ephraim Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Ephraim Taylor,
in the presence of
EPHRAIM TAYLOR. (L.S.)
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.