IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING COPS AND WARPING FROM COPS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Combe, of Starbeck, in the County of York,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
WINDING COPS AND WARPING FROM COPS."
Sealed the 5th November 1867, and dated the 10th May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Combe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th May 1867.
I, JOHN COMBE, of Starbeck, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
WINDING COPS AND WARPING FROM Cors," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of improvements in various points of detail on
apparatus specified by me and another in previous Patents with a view to
improve the action and reduce the cost of machines for winding cops and
warping from cops. These Patents are dated respectively the 17th day of
June 1859, (No. 1466,) the 11th day of August 1862, (No. 2247,) the
14th day of April 1863, (No. 937,) and the 19th day of May 1864,
N 1061

page_text: In winding cops from spinning or other bobbins I place the bobbin to bo
wound from on a spindle, the lower end of which revolves in an oiled step
which is connected with a lever which projects forward at an angle of about
45 degrees, and carries a pulley over which the yarn from the bobbin passes
in the process of being wound. This oiled step and lever are made so as to
have a slight canting movement forward and backward so that when there is
no tension on the yarn the oiled step descends and the lower rim of the
bobbin rests on a fixed bar and by rubbing on it causes resistance to the
rotation of the bobbin. When, however, the pull of the yarn being wound
over the pulley carried by the lever causes the lever end to descend and the
oiled step to rise to the extent of the canting movement they are capable of
the bobbin will then rest on a collar with which the spindle is provided, and
the pivot of the spindle will rest in the oiled step, and in this way the bobbin
is relieved from the friction resulting from its lowering to turn in contact with
the fixed bar. When the freedom of the bobbin to rotate causes the yarn to
flow off faster than it is wound the consequent slackness will allow the lever
end to rise and so retard the rotation of the bobbin by the friction of its
lower rim on the fixed bar. I suspend the weight which actuates the tension
lever on a stud so placed in relation to the spring catch which retains the
stop lever that both the pulling in and the descending of the lever will alike
throw off the spindle by raising the spring catch; this is accomplished by the
weight being overhung on the stud which carries it, so that the connecting
wire made with an L end screwing into the side of the weight the connecting
wire is free as the weight turns to pass from side to side of the centre of the
stud which carries the weight, and thus the L end of the wire by the oscilla-
tion of the weight moves in the arc of a circle, at the two extremes of which
it lifts the retaining catch and stops the spindle. I make the tension lever
project directly opposite from the outer side of the weight, and I have moveable
weights which stride the root of the lever and are fastened to the chief weight
with a screw. I give the requisite drag to cops set up for warping from by
means of a little L-shaped drag weight, one end of which is drilled through
and works freely on a wire staple, the two ends of which are driven into the
wood of the cop frame so that the knee of the drag weight presses against the
glazed pottery eye through which the yarn passes and slightly retards the yarn
as it proceeds from the cop.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, file
by the said John Combe in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th November 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
COMBE, of Starbeck, in the County of York, Engineer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of He
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me
the said John Combe, Her special licence that I, the said John Combe
my executors, administrators, and assigns;, or such others as I, the said John
Combe, my executor's, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and 'Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR WINDING COPS AND WARPING FROM COPS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John' Combe, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Combe, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of improvements in various points of detail on
apparatus specified by me and another in previous Patents, with a view to
improve the action and reduce the cost of machines for winding cops and
warping from cops. These Patents are dated respectively the 17th day of.
June 1859 (No. 1466), the 11th day of August 1862 (No. 2247), the 14th
day of. April 1868 (No. 987); and the 19th day of May 1864 (No. 1264).
According to the first part of my Invention in, winding cops from spinning.
or other bobbins, I place the bobbin to be wound from on a spindle, the
lower end of which revolves in an oiled step which is connected with a lever
which projects forward at an angle of about 45 degrees, and carries a pulley,
over which the yarn from the bobbin passes in the process of being wound..

page_text: This oiled step and lever are made so as to have a slight canting movement
forward and backward, so that when there is no tension on the yarn the oiled
step descends, and the lower rim of the bobbin rests on a fixed bar, and by
rubbing on it causes resistance to the rotation of the bobbin. When however
the pull of the yarn being wound over the pulley carried by the lever causes
the lever end to descend and the oiled step to rise to the extent of the canting
movement they are capable of, the bobbin will then rest on a collar with
which the spindle is provided, and the pivot of the spindle will rest in the
oiled step, and in this way the bobbin is relieved from the friction resulting
from its having to turn in contact with the fixed bar. When the freedom of
the bobbin to rotate causes the yarn to flow off faster than it is wound, the
consequent slackness will allow the lever end to rise and so retard the rotation
of the bobbin by the friction of its lower rim on the fixed bar.
Figure 1 is an end view partly in section of parts of an apparatus arranged
according to my Invention for winding cops from bobbins; Figure 2 is a
plan, and Figure 8 is a front view of the same.
yaro
a, a, is the framing, and a³ is a support fixed to the same; it is rounded at
the top, and receives upon it the tension levers b, b, one to each bobbin, and
as will be seen the parts are so arranged thet the levers can rock a short
distance upon the supports. To the levers 6 are fixed the oil cups c, and in
these are carried spindles d on which the bobbins e from which the is
wound are placed; f is a rail baving stems f¹formed upon it at intervals, by
which it is secured by screws to the support a¹. The yarn from the bobbin e
passes over a small pulley 61 at the end of the lever b, and thence it descends
to a tension lever shown in other Drawings hereunto annexed and herein-
after described, and afterwards to the spindle g and cup g¹, by which it is
wound into a cop has heretofore. The action then is as follows:-The
pressure of the yarn on the roller b¹ depresses it and the lever b, and in so
doing raises the oil cup c until the collar d' upon the spindle d comes against
the bottom of the bobbin e and lifts it off the rail f, it is then able to revolve
very freely, as the only friction is that of the spindle d in its oil cup. Should
however, there be any tendency in the bobbin to overrun and throw the
yarn slack at once, the lever 6 rises and the oil cup and spindle descend until
the bottom of the bobbin is brought against the fixed rail f, which at once
increases the resistance to the rotation of the bobbin and the yarn passing
from it is tightened.
Figure 4 is a side view, partly in section, of a modification of the above
arrangement; Figure 5 is a plan of the same; Figure 6 is a front view;
and Figure 7 is a plan of some of the parts separately.

page_text: In this arrangement the rail or part f is moveable, whilst the arm b and
oil cup c are fixed to the framing. Each spindle has a separate rail or part f,
which at fis centreed to the front of the oil cup c, and has a weighted
tail f' at the back. This tail is connected by a rod i with a short arm le¹
on the tension lever k of the cop winding spindle g. This lever k turns on
centres or axes carried by. the frame, as is more clearly shown in another
Drawing herein-after described; is a weight connected to the lever k
underneath its axis, and tending constantly.to draw-the lever down into the
horizontal position in which it is shown where it is supported by a stop /³,
which comes against a portion of the framing; is an auxiliary ring weight
adjustable up and down on the main weight to regulate its action on the
lever k.
Figure 8 is a front view of the lever k, with the parts in connection there-
with. The action is as follows:-The yarn from the bobbin e is led over
the fixed arm b, and thence it descends and passes through the eye of the
tension lever k, and so to the cop h, the winding of which is performed as'-
heretofore as is described in the Specifications of my former Patents. The
tension of the yarn when there is sufficient strain upon it draws the lever k
up into the position in which it is shown in red lines, and in so doing it raises
by means of the connecting rod i the tail f³ of the rail or part f, which being
thus depressed allows the bobbin e to descend upon the collar d' of the
spindle d, and then the unwinding goes on with only the friction of the spindle
turning in its oil cup, but should the bobbin e tend to overrun at once the
lever k descends, and the rail or part fascends until the bottom of the bobbin
rubs upon it in turning, and so increases the friction until the tension of the
yarn is again sufficient to lift the lever k.
According to another part of my Invention I so arrange the tension lever
and its weight in connection with the spring catch which retains the stop lever
that both the pulling in and the descending of the lever will alike throw off
the spindle by raising the spring catch; this is accomplished by the weight
being overhung on the stud which carries it, and having a connecting wire.
applied to it at a short distance from the centre or stud, so that the wire is
free as the weight turns to pass from side to side. of the centre of the stud
which carries the weight. The wire thus by the oscillation of the weight is
moved in the arc of a circle, at the two extremes of which it lifts the retaining
catch and stops the spindle. . I make the tension lever project directly from
the outer side of the weight, and I have moveable weights which stride the
root of the lever, and are fastened to the chief weight with a screw.

page_text: An end view, partly in section, of this arrangement is shown at Figure 9;
a plan of the same is shown at Figure 10, and a front view at Figure 11.
a, a, is the framing in which are mounted the bevilled pinions 1, which are
driven by bevilled wheels M. The cop winding spindles 9 pass through the
hollow axes of the pinions 1, and are arranged to clutch with them, the upper
surface of each bevilled pinion being made with an oblong recess in it, as is
shown at Figures 12, and there is a corresponding lump on a collar g³ which
the spindle carries. When this collar is lowered on the spindle the lump on
the collar enters the recess, and the pinion then drives the spindle. The
sides of the recess in the pinion are formed of steel blades ,, which in the
act of clutching are able to yield slightly or until they are supported by the
fixed ribs, thus the shock in clutching is lessened. The collar g³.on the
spindle is embraced by a fork m centred to the framing at m², and having
connected with it a lever handle n, which a spiral spring o tends constantly to
throw into the position in which it is shown at Figure 9, where it is supported
upon a stop a on the framing; when the parts are in this position the spindle g
and pinion are unclutched, but they are at once thrown into gear by moving
the handle n into the position in which it is shewn in red lines, and here it
will be caught and held by the spring catch p fixed to the frame; k is the
tension lever as before, but slightly modified in form, and having the auxiliary
weights striding the root of the lever as before mentioned. One or more
of them is used according to the tension required, and they are held in their
places by a screw, as is shown; as is the standard from the frame which
carries the lever k; the stud k³ on which the lever turns is fixed in it; the
wire ? is fixed in the lever weight at a short distance from the centre, and
in such a position that when the tension of the yarn is what it should be its
point of connection comes vertically underneath the centre k or thereabouts;
the length of the wire is made adjustable by means of a screw end q', as is
shown, and it is connected with the spring catch p. So long as the lever k
is raised to an angle of 45% or thereabouts the handle n is retained by the
spring catch p, and the spindle g continues to be driven; but if from a con-
siderable increase in the tension of the yarn the lever is raised to its highest
position, or if, on the other hand, from deficiency of tension arising perhaps
from the breakage of the yarn, the lever / falls to its lowest position (in
which it is shown in the Drawing), then in either case the wire q rises, lifts
the spring catch p, and liberates the handle n, thus the spindle g is thrown
out of gear.
The wire and spring catch p are also represented in
Ticura A

page_text: Another part of my Invention relates to the warping from cops. I give
the requisite drag to cops set up for warping from, means of a little
L-shaped drag weight, one end of which is drilled through and works freely on a
wire staple, the two ends of which are driven into the wood of the cop frame
so that the knee of the drag weight presses against the glazed pottery eye
through which the yarn passes and slightly retards the yarn as it proceeds
from the cop. A section of this arrangement is shown at Figure 18. The
cops are supported on a frame as heretofore; 6 is a rail in which the pottery
eye c is fixed, and d is the L-shaped weight suspended from the staple d' in
front of the mouth of the eye c, so that it presses on the yarn as it passes
away from the eye towards one side, as is more clearly seen in the horizontal
section, Figure 14. Figure 15 is a front view of the same parts.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
First, the arranging machinery for winding cops from bobbins in such manner
that the bobbins from which the yarn is drawn may be supported on spindles
carried in oil cups, so that the bobbins are able to revolve very freely until
the tension becomes less than is desired when the bobbins are caused to come
in contact with suitable rubbing surfaces.
I also claim in arranging machinery for winding cops the combining with
a tension lever acted on by the yarn a wire or instrument which by passing
from one side of the centre of the lever to the other acts on a catch and stops
the winding spindle both when the tension lever rises too high and when it
falls below its proper position.
I also claim the arranging machinery for warping from cops with
L-shaped weights pressing on the mouths of the eyes through which the yarn
from the cops passes, so as to give an uniform tension to the yarn as it
comes from the eyes.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Combe, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.