IMPROVED APPAratus for DISINFECTING ANd Collecting FœCAL MATTERS, SEWage, and ManufACTURING REFUSE
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to François Jules Fahlman, of Stockholm, in the
Kingdom of Sweden, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPAratus for
DISINFECTING ANd Collecting FœCAL MATTERS, SEWage, and ManufACTURING
REFUSE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said François Jules Fahlman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,,
on the 29th November 1871.
I, FRANÇOIS JULES FAHLMAN, of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of
Sweden, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING AND COLLECTING FOCAL MATTERS,
SEWAGE, AND MANUFACTURING REFUSE," to be as follows:-

page_text: towns, or the outlet pipes of manufactories and like structures, and
consists of a reservoir containing the disenfecting matters made to any
required size, and containing a moveable tray or strainer pierced with
holes, or made of perforated zinc or other metal or material, and placed
suitably within the said reservoir so as to divide the latter into two
parts; the upper one to contain, as before stated, the disenfecting
matters, the latter to receive the disenfected solids. The liquids or
matters discharged from the sewer or other place are made to pass
through a basin or other shaped funnel into the lower or larger division
of the reservoir, and after rising through the disenfecting matters, by
reason of the flow pressure, to reach a shoot or spout, and afterwards by
this means be passed away through the usual means of outlet. The
lower or smaller end of the basin or other shaped funnel receiving the
fecal matters or sewage required to be disenfected reaches a small
distance below the perforated tray or strainer, so as to facilitate the
filling of the bottom or lower division of the reservoir.'
The reservoir may, if desired, have the form of a flat-bottomed boat
to allow of its floating on canals or other waters, and be furnished with
small wheels for the purpose of transport on land.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said François Jules Fahlman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th May 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANÇOIS
JULES FAHLMAN, of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,,
give and grant unto me, the said François Jules Fahlman, Her special
licence that I, the said François Jules Fahlman, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said François Jules Fahlman,

page_text: my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING AND COLLECTING FECAL MATTERS,
SEWAGE, AND MANUFACTURING REFUSE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said François Jules Fahlman, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said François Jules Fahlman, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improved apparatus for the disinfection of
focal matters and substances discharged from the sewers of towns, or
from the outlet pipes of manufactories and industrial works, and consists
of a reservoir of any required size containing a moveable horizontal tray
or partition made of wire, cloth, or of perforated plates of zinc or other
metal or material, the tray or partition being placed within the reservoir
so as to divide it into two compartments, the upper one for containing
disinfecting materials, and the lower one for receiving the sediment or
solid matters contained in the sewage. The matters discharged from the
sewers or other places are made to pass through a basin or other shaped
funnel into the lower compartment of the reservoir, and the liquid
portion by the effect of the pressure from the flow of the sewage rises
through the disinfecting materials and passes off through an outlet or
delivery pipe.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the
figures and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which
Figs. 1 and 2 are end and front elevations of the apparatus arranged to
receive the sewage from a branch sewer.

page_text: In both Figures a represents the reservoir; 6, the tray or partition;
c, the lower compartment of the reservoir; d, the upper compartment;
e, the level of the disinfecting materials; f, the basin shaped funnel;
g, the outlet of branch sewer; h, the outlet or delivery pipe; and i, the
canal or conduit of the main sewer. The pipe k of the basin f, which
receives the sewage and other matters to be disinfected, reaches a small
distance below the perforated tray or partition 6 in order to facilitate the
filling of the compartment c; and the reservoir may be provided with.
small wheels to enable it to be transported from place to place by:
traction, or it can be formed as a flat-bottomed boat, so that it can float
in sewers or canals.
The upper compartment of the reservoir can be divided into two,
three, or more lateral compartments for receiving disinfecting materials
of different kinds, the first containing earth intended to retain matters
suspended in the liquids, and the others for containing disinfectants
capable of precipitating the solids dissolved in the liquids; and for these
purposes each partition between the compartments has in it a hole near
the upper edge, but above the level of the disinfectant, and from this
hole the liquid descends by means of a tube or pipe opening near the
bottom of the next compartment in which the liquid rises from the
bottom to the top, traversing the bed of disinfecting matter, to run off
in the same manner to the next compartment or compartments, and
finally into the canal or main conduit.
The apparatus is employed at the main sewers or canals before and
below the branch sewers, drains, or pipes from the houses or other places
in such a way that the refuse matter can fall into the basin f; and the
liquid, after traversing through the disinfecting materials, can run off to
the canal or main conduit i.
If the openings of the sewers or pipes are level with the pathway, or
with the water in the canal or main conduit, a hole m can be dug in the
ground in order to place the reservoir in such a position that the sewage
matters can enter the basin f, and the liquid run off through the outlet
or delivery pipe h; and for manufactories and other places the apparatus
is placed in the most convenient position for receiving the liquids
and matters to be disinfected, and facilitating their removal after
disinfection.

page_text: For the application of my system to the gutters and drains of towns,
the apparatus is so placed that the water from the gutters and drains
shall run into the branch sewers, and thus the waters from the valves
and traps, both from the privies, closets, and gutters, are disinfected; the
first by mixing at the moment of the emission of excrements with
matters having been already disinfected by urine which has passed
through disinfecting matters contained in a receptacle below the seat of
the privy or closet, as described in my former Patent, dated May 11,
1871, No. 1269, and then, both the first and the second, by traversing
the bed of disinfecting matter in the upper compartment of the reservoir;
and it is evident that by this system can be collected, for use in agricul-
ture, solid excrement rendered much richer by containing the solid
matters of the urine, and at the same time the atmosphere and water
sources are prevented from being infected by offensive and unhealthy
emanations.
In witness whereof, I, the said François Jules Fahlman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of May One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
F. J. FAHLMAN. (L.S.)