IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BURRING, GINNING, AND. CARDING WOOL AND COTTON, OR SIMILAR FIBROUS MATERIALS REQUIRING, THOSE PROCESSES
Year: 1848

page_text: **NEWTON'S "SPECIFICATION.
ندان
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in, the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting:
...
WHEREAS, Hor present, most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters-Patent under, the Great Seal, of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of April, in the eleventh year, of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give, and grant unto me,, the
said William Newton, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said William Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, and such others as I, the said William Newton, my executors,,
administrators, or assigns,, should at any time agree with, and no, others, from
time to time and at all times during the term, of years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies,
and Plantations, abroad, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney,
Sark,, and Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BURRING,
GINNING, AND. CARDING WOOL AND COTTON, OR SIMILAR FIBROUS MATERIALS
REQUIRING, THOSE PROCESSES," being a communication from a Foreigner
residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging
hand
me, the said. William': Newton, by an instrument in writing under my

page_text: and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, the said
William Newton, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly ascertained
and described in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
These improvements consist in the peculiar forms and constructions of
certain implements to be employed for removing burs and other extraneous
matters from wool and other fibrous substances, viz, a novel kind of toothed
cylinder for holding the fibres of wool or other material as they pass through
the burring machine; and a novel kind of corrugated cylinder for beating off
the burs and other extraneous matters from the periphery of the holding
cylinder, and thereby clearing the material under operation from burs, lumps,
dirt, and other like impurities.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 exhibits a partial front view of a
burring machine, having the improved holding cylinder, and also the beating
cylinder, mounted in their proper positions. Fig. 2 represents a ring of thin
metal formed round its periphery into teeth of a peculiar shape; a series of
these rings are to be fitted on to a cylinder shaft or mandril, and there made
fast with a thin collet or plain metal ring between every two of the toothed
rings, and secured at the ends by cap pieces, as seen in the front view, Fig. 1.
The peculiarity of these toothed rings consists in the manner in which their
teeth are formed. Unlike the generality of toothed wheels, these teeth are
inclined from radial positions, standing at a certain inclination from the radius,
which may be described as a tangential line drawn from a circle of about two
thirds the radius of the periphery of the ring, or, in other words, the recesses
between the teeth are cut at about this tangential angle, leaving the outer part
of the teeth as segments of the circle which forms the periphery of the ring.
The recesses between the teeth need not be perfectly parallel. I prefer them
to be rather wedge-shaped, that is, diminishing in width toward the back part,
A requisite number of these thin metal rings, according to the length of the
cylinder shaft or mandril to be employed, having been prepared as described,
they are to be slidden on to the cylinder shaft or mandril with a collet or plain

page_text: ring of smaller diameter between every two toothed rings, and are then made
fast in close contact with cach other by end cap pieces, as shewn in Fig. 1.
One of these intervening rings is represented at Fig. 3; they are made by
flattening a piece of wire to the desired thickness to form the spaces between
the toothed rings, and then bending them to the circular form. Fig. 4 is the
end view of the burring cylinder, shewing the arrangement and construction
of the teeth. The notches between the teeth and the spaces between the
toothed rings are to be sufficiently wide to receive the fibres of the wool or
other material, and hold them within the periphery during the burring
operation, but so narrow as to exclude the burs or other rough matters that
may be attached to the fibres holding such coarse impurities, beyond the
periphery of the toothed cylinder, in order that they may be knocked or
stripped off from the fibres by the action of rotary beaters. A cylinder so
formed will thus have recesses all over its surface to admit the fibres, but
those recesses will be so small that the burs, motes, and other extraneous
matters will remain on the outside of the cylinder in positions suitable to be
knocked off by the rotary beater, stripper, or clearers. The novel kind of
beater is a corrugated cylinder represented in section at Fig. 5, and in front
view in its place in the machine at Fig. 1. A plain metallic cylinder or shaft
of suitable diameter being provided, semi-cylindrical pieces of thin motal, as tin
plate, are to be attached longitudinally round the periphery of the cylinder or
shaft, the concave surfaces of the semi-cylinders outwards, and their outward
edges soldered together for the purpose of forming the plain edges of a fluted
or corrugated cylindrical surface. These semi-cylindrical pieces of thin plate
metal must be securely attached to the shaft by solder or otherwise, and their
outer edges when united made perfectly smooth, even, and equi-distant from
the axis of the shaft or cylinder. The beating or clearing cylinder being thus
made, it is to be mounted in the machine parallel to the toothed cylinder first
described, and their distance apart carefully adjusted to suit the condition of
the material to be operated upon. The two cylinders, that is, the toothed
cylinder B holding the fibres of the material in its recesses, with the burs or
motes sticking round its periphery, and the beating cylinder A, their peri-
pheries being placed nearly in contact, must then be put into rapid rotary
motion in opposite directions, when the revolving beater will strike off all the
extraneous matters from the surface of the holding cylinder, and the wool
or other material will thereby become cleaned from its impurities.
In Fig. 1 G, G, represents toothed portions of the wool-holding cylinder on
which the toothed rings and their intervening collets are mounted and made
fast at their ends by cap pieces E, E. The parts D, D, represent the standards

page_text: of the machine on which the boxes C, C, are mounted to carry the axles of the
two, operating cylinders B and A, which boxes are mado to slide in slots for
the purpose: of allowing the cylinders to be adjusted according to their required
distances, apart; and F, F; are pullies, the one on the shaft of the holder
.or: toothed cylinder.B, the other on that of the clearer or beating cylinder A,
by which the said cylinders. may be severally. driven in opposite directions at
the required speeds by bands from a first mover. By the mode. described of
constructing the cylinders, the fibres of the wool under operation will be drawn
into the teeth of the rings, and into the spaces between the rings, and be there
protected from the rotary beaters or clearers, which will only be allowed to act
on the burs and motes beyond the periphery of the holding cylinder; and the
impurities will thereby be separated without injury to the fibres. This
.machine may be used without the carding engine, if a cylinder with points or
bristles; or some such contrivance,:.be employed, as a doffer or stripper to take
the fibres from the teeth of the holding cylinder after they have been cleared
of the impurities.
....
.:
Having now described the improvements in Machinery for Burring, Ginning,
and Carding Wool and: Cotton, or similar Fibrous Materials requiring those
Processes; as communicated to me by a certain Foreigner residing abroad, I
desire it to be understood that I claim under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,
".
1.
' SARAY
...Firstly, the construction or mode of making the holding cylinder by com-
bining a series of toothed rings of the form described, or series of such teeth
set in the form of rings round a cylinder, with recesses or spaces between the
several rings or circles of teeth, and between the teeth themselves, sufficiently
large to receive the fibres, and yet so small as to exclude. the burs and other
coarse impurities.
:
!
.
. :
And, secondly, I claim the method of making the beaters or clearing
cylinders by composing them of or combining a series of segments of cylinders,
arranged round the periphery of a shaft, in lines parallel with the axis, and
securing such segments in the way described upon an 'internal cylinder or
shaft, so that their outer edges shall project, and be perfectly true and parallel
to the axis.
.
: 1
"
In witness whereof, I, the said William Newton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fombre
.
WILLIAM. (L.S.) NEWTON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-seventh day of
October, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid William Newton came
before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Twenty-seventh day of October, in the year above
written.