Year: 1887

page_text: L, JOHN HUXTABLE, of Plough Works, Filleigh, near South Molton, in the County
of Devon, Agricultural Machinist, and Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in turn wrest or other ploughs
whereby the said ploughs can be quickly and efficiently changed or converted from an
ordinary plough which ordinarily turns rectangular or unbroken furrows, into a digging
or pulverizing plough.
A convenient way of carrying my invention into effect is as follows:
The share is made with a socket to fit on the toe of the plough, like an ordinary
share, and the already existing body retained on the plough if preferred. The share
has on its upper part or top a raised projection forming a ledge on which the mould
plate rests, and which consists in forming or obtaining the proper curve required for
breaking the furrow. This raised part or projection extends from the land side of
share to any suitable part of the wing; a fitting-piece is cast on the share, on the land
side, to lead up more vertically to match the mould plate. I prefer to use a tongue
piece at or near the end of the wing of share in which is made a hole, slot or otherwise,
for the purpose of connecting the mould plate thereto in order to prevent the wing of
share from breaking off, and also for steadying that part of mould plate. To further
assist in steadying the latter and for adjusting the saine I employ a strap bolt or bolts
with two or more adjusting nuts, by which means the mould plate can be raised or
lowered relatively to the top of share.
In some cases I employ a wheel to run in the furrow behind to lighten the draught,
and in connection with the said wheel I obtain an eccentric or can movement for
example from the axle or any suitable part of the wheel acting by means of a connecting
rod and producing an oscillating movement on a set of prongs or teeth to further assist
in pulverizing the furrow as the plough proceeds.
To renew the axle of this and other wheels for ploughs, and to keep the centres or
bosses of such wheels, which are subject to wear, intact, I fix a bolt in the centre
thereof by means of a collar, or otherwise, and a nut to jam such collar to the wheel
or other convenient means may be employed to fix such bolt to the wheel. Over the
8.77

page_text: bolt an axle or sleeve is slid which is to form the male wearing part of the wheel,
being held to the bolt and caused to revolve with the wheel as hereafter described.
The stem or shank which carries the female bearing for the wheel axle, is made firm
to any suitable part of the plough, and has at its lower extremity, or at any suitable
part, a boss, either made in the stem, or made separately and bolted thereto. Such
boss has a hole through it of such dimensions as will admit of the male wearing part,
or axle sleeve revolving therein. The axle sleeve having been inserted in the female
wearing part, formed or carried by the stem, I place a flanged washer and nut on or
at the end of the fixed bolt which holds the two together and may be made to bind
or cause the axle sleeve to revolve with its fixed bolt.
I form the wheel with preferably three spokes of suitable shape, the tyre or bind of
the wheel having compensating pieces made or cast between the spokes to strengthen
this part of the wheel and prevent its collapsing through undue stress or strain.
Dated this 3rd day of February 1887.

page_text: Improvements in Ploughs.
I JOHN HUXTABLE, of Plough Works, Filleigh, near South Molton, in the County
of Devon Agricultural Machinist and Implement Maker do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in turn wrest or other ploughs,
whereby the said ploughs can be quickly and efficiently changed or converted from
an ordinary plough which ordinarily turns rectangular or unbroken furrows, into a
digging or pulverizing plough.
A convenient way of carrying my invention into effect is as follows, and the invention
will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is an elevation shewing the first part of my invention, as applied to what
is known as a turn wrest plough, although it is applicable to other forms of construction;
the drawing illustrating the land side thereof, and only shewing so much of the said
plough as will be necessary to explain this part of my invention. The body or "skife "
is broken away to shew the lower or working plough.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan on the line X Y of same.
Figure 3 is a vertical sectional elevation on the line X' Y₁ of Figure 2 shewing the
adjustable arrangement for holding the mould board to the body or skife.
Figure 4 shews detached views of the adjustment bracket which is to be fixed to
the mould board, and is here drawn to a larger scale than the previous figures.
Figure 5 is an elevation of the body or "skife" shewing the lever neck and toe;
this view is taken from the furrow side of the plough the mould board and plough
share being removed therefrom.
Figure 6 is a plan view of the ploughshare shewing the ledge on which the mould
board rests, and Figure 7 is a vertical section through line X2 Y2 of Figure 6-shewing
the necessary curved form of the share for leading up to the mould board and to assist
in breaking the furrow-this view shewing the additional thickness of metal
necessary to obtain such curve.
Figure S is an elevation of a ploughshare taken on the land side of same, and
shewing the hinder raised part thereof.
Figure 9 is a vertical cross section, and Figure 10 is a sectional side elevation
of a wheel and the parts connected therewith, referred to in the second part of my
invention.
According to my invention the share A is made with a socket B Figure 7, to fit on
the toe C, shewn at Figure 5, although I do not necessarily employ a lever neck as
there shewn, as in some cases the toe may be formed on the body of the plough in the
manner of some ploughs, and the already existing body may, according to this arrange-
ment be retained on the plough, if preferred. The share A has on its upper part or
top a raised projection D, best seen at Figure 7, forming a ledge or rebate or other-
wise, on or in which the mould board H rests, and whereby I am enabled to form or

page_text: obtain the proper curve required to assist in breaking the furrow, this curve is shewn
at Figures and 7. This raised curved part or projection D extends from the land
side of the share A to any suitable part of the wing G; a fitting or chipping piece D¹
is cast on the share, on the land side in order to match or fit the mould plate H more
readily. Instead of the share being formed straight on the underside from the point
backwards as shewn at Figure 1 whereby there is a considerable amount of friction or
rub on the hinder part of sanie, in order to obviate this friction or rub, I form it as
shewn at Figure 8 and so that the point of share shall remain parallel with the ground
while the hinder part is some distance from it and so as not to touch the ground at
all. This arrangement is applicable to all shares whether digging or otherwise.
I prefer to use a tongue piece G₁ at or near the end of the wing G of the share,
this being clearly shewn at Figure 6 in which is made a hole, slot or equivalent for
the purpose of connecting and adjusting the mould board H. thereto in order to prevent
the wing G of the share from breaking off, and also for steadying that part of mould
board. To further assist in steadying the mould board H and for adjusting the position
of same employ a strap fixed to the mould board and formed with a projecting bolt
or bolts provided with two or more adjusting nuts, this bracket consisting of the strap
part and bolt is shewn separately at Figure 4 marked J, the projecting bolt part passes
through a lug J' formed on or fixed to the body or skife Figure 5, and by adjusting
the nuts or their equivalents the mould board can be raised or lowered relatively to
the top of the share; or instead of the two loose nuts, a collar and a nut may be used
'on the bolt.
By the herein before described construction of share and mould board I am enabled
to readily substitute in place of the ordinary share and mould board, a share and
mould board as described, or vice versa thereby enabling the same plough to be
employed either as an ordinary plough for turning unbroken furrows or as a digging
or pulverizing plough or for such other kinds of work as the improved mould board
and share with its attachment may be found capable or applicable to by simply
effecting the change here mentioned. The hinder end of mould board is held or
fastened to the framework of the plough in any ordinary or convenient manner as for
example by the double nutted stays KK as shown at Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings,
supported from the beam L.
In some cases I employ a wheel, to run in the furrow behind to lighten the draught,
and in connection with the said wheel I obtain an eccentric or cam movement for
example from the axle or any suitable part of the wheel acting by means of a
connecting rod and producing an oscillating movement on a set of prongs or teeth to
further assist in pulverizing the furrow as the plough proceeds. This is so evident that
no illustration thereof is necessary.
To renew the axle of this and other wheels for ploughs and to keep the centres or
bosses of such wheels, which are subject to wear, substantially intact, or easily renew-
able, I fix a bolt K Figures 6 and 7, in the centre thereof by means of a collar Lor
otherwise, and a nut L to jamb such collar to the wheel; or other convenient means
may be employed to fix such bolt to the wheel. Over the bolt a sleeve K' is slid which
is to form the male wearing part of the wheel, being held to the bolt K by a flanged
washer K2 and caused to revolve with the wheel as hereafter described.
The stem or shank M which carries the female bearing M for the wheel axle K K¹
is made firm or carried by any suitable part of the plough and has at its lower extremity
or at any suitable part, a hoss, either made in the stem, or made separately, and bolted
thereto, such boss has a hole through it and carries tlie female wearing part M' which
latter is of such dimensions as will admit of the wearing part or axle sleeve K revolving
therein. This axle sleeve K¹ having been inserted in the wearing part M formed or
carried by the stem, I place the flanged washer and nut K2 on or at the end of the
fixed bolt K which holds the axle sleeve K' fast to the bolt K, and prevents the female
part M sliding off. There is a flange M' coming out from the centre of the wheel to
carry off the dirt while in work and to prevent its going into the axle.
I form the wheel with preferably three spokes N N N of suitable shape, the tyre or
bind N of the wheel having strengthening or compensating pieces N³ made or cast

page_text: between the spokes to strengthen this part of the wheel and to prevent its collapsing
through undue stress or strain.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. In ploughs, the construction and arrangement of share A, having a curved
portion forming a ledge or rebate and leading up to the mould board, also formed
with socket B and tongue, lug, or equivalent GT whereby the share and parts connected
therewith are made interchangeable by means of the toe C with the share and mould
board of an ordinary plough substantially as set forth.
Second. In ploughs, the share A forined with the tongue piece or lug G¹ or its
equivalent substantially as set forth.
Third. In ploughs, making the shares parallel with the ground at the point thereof
and the hinder part of share some distance from same substantially as and for the
purposes set forth, and particularly with reference to Figure 8 of the accompanying
drawings.
Fourth. In ploughs, the share A as described, with the mould board H, and forming
in combination the digging and pulverizing plough interchangeable with the share
and mould board of an ordinary plough substantially as shewn and described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. In ploughs, the adjustable connection J for supporting the mould board and
whereby the same may be raised or lowered relatively to the curved top of share
substantially as herein set forth.
Sixth. In ploughs, the formation of wheel felloe, tyres, or binds with strengthening
parts N2 as and for the purposes herein set forth, with especial reference to Figures 9
and 10 of the accompanying drawings.
Seventh. In wheels for turn wrest, and other ploughs, the sleeve K¹, and the outer
or female bearing M', in combination with the stem or shank M, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth, and particularly with reference to Figures 9 and 10 of the
accompanying drawings.
Eighth. In turn wrest or other ploughs, the construction and arrangement of wheel
axles, hubs, and bearings consisting essentially of fixed bolt K, sleeve K¹, outer or
female bearing M³, stein or shank M, and Hange M² substantially as shewn and
described with reference to Figures 9 and 10 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1887.