Improvements in Rollers and Apparatus in connection therewith for Printing and Embossing Designs upon Fabrics, Wall Papers, Floor Cloth, and for like purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Cate of Application, 18th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 19th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 18th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rollers and Apparatus in connection therewith
for Printing and Embossing Designs upon Fabrics, Wall Papers,
Floor Cloth, and for like purposes.
We, ALFRED HALEY, of Grove Hall, Wakefield, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, and WILLIAM THOMPSON WILKINSON, of 43 Huddlestone Road, Willesden
Green, London, N.W. Photographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:-
This invention refers to the printing and embossing of designs upon paper, silk,
linen and other fabrics, also upon floor cloth, and the like, the object of the invention
being to produce the design upon the printing roller in an expeditious and
economical manner,
and to improve the apparatus and appliances used in connection
with the same.
In carrying our invention into effect we employ rollers or cylinders made from
copper, zinc, brass, steel or alloys, or of glass, and we arrange our rollers with a
design upon them which is prepared to be suitable for printing in intaglio or for
surface printing, as may be desired.
We produce the pattern or the design for the roller by first drawing it upon paper,
cardboard or the like, or on wood or metal, so that it may be engraved, and from this
engraving or original drawing we make, hy means of photography, either a positive
or a negative to suit the type of roller which is to be employed for intaglio or surface
printing; from this cliché we make upon the ordinary gelatine coated paper now
used in photo lithography, a transfer, which we expose to light in the usual manner,
and then develop it with a greasy ink, and this image of the pattern we transfer to
the roller, the paper support being removed so as to leave the image in ink on the
roller, and the ink is then reinforced with a finely powdered resin, and heated so as
to melt that resin in order to incorporate it with the transferred image. Thus a
resist is formed which enables us to produce a printing pattern in relief or intaglio,
depending upon the positive transfer for the relief or the negative transfer for intaglio
which we may have employed.
. When a large pattern is to be produced we transfer the original pattern many
times so as to fill up the space on the cylinder or roller; we photograph the small
pattern and as before described produce either a photographic negative or positive
cliché which may be transferred to the stone by means of photo lithography, or we
may make a block by the Collotype process, producing as many prints or copies of
the small original as will cover the cylinder or roller. These small copies are subse
quently trimmed and mounted in any convenient manner so as to produce an
original flat surface which may be of a size suitable to cover the roller or cylinder
periphery.
From the built up original we produce a photographic negative of a size exactly
suitable to the periphery of the roller or cylinder, and from that negative a photo-
litho transfer on paper, tin foil, celluloid or the like coated with gelatine, is made, and
from such transfer the image is transferred to the roller or cylinder. We sometimes
draw the design direct upon the lithographic stone, zinc plate, or the like, either
smooth or grained, or we draw it upon specially prepared papers and then transfer it
to stone or zinc, the design being drawn to the exact periphery of the roller or

page_text: cylinder. Having thus obtained the design, we ink it with a very strong or greasy
lithographic ink from which a transfer is pulled upon a specially prepared paper, and
such transfer we dust over with a finely powdered resin having the property of
adhesion to greasy ink, and which will subsequently melt in the application of heat.
The image thus printed upon the specially prepared gelatine paper, is transferred to
the cylinder or roller in a manner to be hereinafter described, the subsequent
operations of etching being as before described for the photographic transfer.
We make the special transfer of paper or tin foil or celluloid for this method by
using five ounces of gelatine dissolved in twenty ounces of water, to which we add
one dram of glycerine, and half a dram of chrome alum mixed well together, and
while warm coated on the paper or tin foil or celluloid.
We modify the combinations above described, sometimes. using gum, starch
dextrine, sugar or other celluloid substances.
We transfer the ink image to the roller or cylinder preferably by means of a
special machine consisting of a frame in which is mounted a polished iron or steel
roller, and above this is mounted in adjustable bearings a mandril upon which is
placed the roller or cylinder to which the pattern is to be transferred. We arrange
hand screws or other manipulating devices for regulating the pressure of the cylinder
upon the permanent roller. Upon the same frame we mount a polished body with
right angled marks or side stops upon it to ensure the pattern transfer being applied
in a true manner. We drive the roller by suitable gearing worked either by hand or
power, so that the image may be transferred to the surface of the cylinder. The
pattern can be placed on the roller or cylinder by hand and after adjustment, rubbed
down, allowed to dry, being then subsequently burnished with a tool of smooth steel
or bone and the paper is rubbed away after moistening with dilute acid so as to leave
the image alone on the roller.
We sometimes arrange our frame with a permanent roller having an indiarubber or
steel mandril above it, and above that the cylinder, on to which the pattern is to be
transferred.
We modify the form of the frame and arrangement of the roller, and the table to
suit the type of cylinder or roller which is to be employed.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
Improvements in Rollers and Apparatus in connection therewith
for Printing and Embossing Designs upon Fabrics, Wall Papers,
Floor Cloth, and for like purposes.
We, ALFRED HALEY, of Grove Hall, Wakefield, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, and WILLIAM THOMPSON WILKINSON, (late of 43 Huddlestone Road,
Willesden Green, London, N. W.) but now of 8 Westfield Terrace Wakefield aforesaid,
Photographer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention refers to the printing and embossing of designs upon paper, silk,
linen and other fabrics, also upon floor cloth, and the like, the object of the invention
being to produce the design upon the printing roller in an expeditious and
economical manner, and to improve the apparatus and appliances used in connection
with the same.

page_text: In carrying our invention into effect we employ rollers or cylinders made from
copper, zinc, brass, steel, or alloys, or of glass, and we arrange our rollers with a
design upon them which is prepared to be suitable for printing in intaglio or for
surface printing, as may be desired.
We produce the pattern or the design for the roller by first drawing it upon paper,
cardboard or the like, or on wood or metal, so that it may be engraved, and from this
engraving or original drawing we make, by means of photography, either a positive
or a negative to suit the type of roller which is to be employed for intaglio or
surface printing; from this cliché we make upon the ordinary gelatine coated paper
used in photo lithography, a transfer which we expose to light in the usual
manner, and then develop it with a greasy ink, and this image of the pattern we
transfer to the roller, the paper support being removed so as to leave the image in
ink on the roller, and the ink is then reinforced with a finely powdered resin, and
heated so as to melt that resin in order to incorporate it with the transferred image. Thus
a resist is formed which enables us to produce a printing pattern in relief or intaglio,
depending upon the positive transfer for the relief or the negative transfer for intaglio
which, we may have employed.
When a large pattern is to be produced we transfer the original pattern many
times so as to fill up the space on the cylinder or roller; we photograph the small
pattern and as before described produce either a photographic negative or positive
cliché which may be transferred to the stone by means of photo lithography, or we
may make a block by the Collotype process, producing as many prints of copies of
the small original as will cover the cylinder or roller. These small copies are subse-
quently trimmed and mounted in any convenient manner so as to produce an
original flat surface which may be of a size suitable to cover the roller or cylinder
periphery.
From the built up original we produce a photographic negative of a size exactly
suitable to the periphery of the roller or cylinder, and from that negative a photo-
litho transfer on paper, tin foil, celluloid or the like coated with gelatine, is made, and
from such transfer the image is transferred to the roller or cylinder. We sometimes
draw the design direct upon the lithographic stone, zinc plate, or the like, either
smooth or grained or we draw it upon specially prepared papers and then transfer it
to stone or zinc, the design being drawn to the exact periphery of the roller. or
cylinder. Having thus obtained the design, we ink it with a very strong or greasy
lithographic ink from which a transfer is pulled upon a specially prepared paper, and
such transfer we dust over with a finely powdered resin having the property of
adhesion to greasy ink, and which will subsequently melt in the application of heat.
The image thus printed upon the specially prepared gelatine paper, is transferred to
the cylinder or roller in a manner to be hereinafter described, the subsequent
operations of etching being as before described for the photographic transfer.
We make the special transfer of paper or tin foil or celluloid for this method by
using five ounces of gelatine dissolved in twenty ounces of water, to which we add
one dram of glycerine, and a half a dram of chrome alum mixed well together, and
while warm coated on the paper or tin foil or celluloid.
We modify the combinations above described, sometimes using gum, starch,
dextrine, sugar, or other colloid substances.
In making intaglio rollers we first rule the roller after varnishing with a suitable
varnish, either on a mill ruling machine, or by a diamond ruling machine or upon a
pentagraph machine, such ruling or ground being either in straight, crossed, or in
broken lines or pins. Upon the ground so ruled we transfer our pattern in ink as
before stated, and etch either, whole, or in part with and without painting out portions.
We sometimes put the pattern on the roller without any such ruling or milling, doing
the ruling or milling after, or before a part etch, with and without painting out of
portions in order to gain depth and strength of color.
We prefer to transfer the ink image to the roller or cylinder preferably by means
of a special machine as described in Specification to Patent No. 6953 of 1895
consisting of a frame in which is mounted a polished iron or steel roller, and above

page_text: this is mounted in adjustable bearings a mandril upon which is placed the roller or
cylinder to which the pattern is to be transferred. We arrange hand screws or other
manipulating devices for regulating the pressure of the cylinder upon the permanent
roller. Upon the same frame we mount a polished body with right angled marks
or side stops upon it to ensure the pattern transfer being applied in a true manner.
We drive the roller by suitable gearing worked either by hand or power, so that the
image may be transferred to the surface of the cylinder. The pattern can be placed
on the roller or cylinder by hand and after adjustment rubbed down, allowed to dry,
being then subsequently burnished with a tool of smooth steel or bone and the paper
is rubbed away after moistening with dilute acid so as to leave the image alone on
the roller.
We sometimes arrange our frame with a permanent roller having an india-rubber
or steel mandril above it, and above that the cylinder, on to which the pattern is to
be transferred.
We modify the form of the frame and arrangement of the roller, and the table to
suit the type of cylinder or roller which is to be employed
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is;—
(1.) The improvements in the production of pattern or design printing rollers
substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
(2.) In rollers for printing calico, wall. papers, and the like, producing printing
designs in relief or intaglio by means of a photographic transfer substantially as and
for the purposes herein before described.
(3.) În rollers for printing calico, wall papers, and the like the transfer of the image
to the specially prepared gelatine paper, tin foil or celluloid for subsequent transfer
to a cylinder or roller as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
(4.) In the preparation of the rollers for printing continuous patterns or designs
the ruling or milling of the surface prior or subsequent to the transfer of the pattern
or design substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Date : 1
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.