Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 30th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1887.
I, JAMES TURNER, of Cross Roads, near Haworth in the County of York, Painter,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is the construction of rulers for drawing lines parallel
to each other in such a manner that the manipulation thereof is greatly facilitated,
and the accuracy of the operation better insured.
To accomplish this I hinge the ruler to a roller in an appropriate manner so that
the ruler shall be in front of the roller when in use, in order that the operator need
but handle or finger the roller in moving it from place to place. Or again for this
purpose I might attach a handle loosely to the roller if desired.
In order to create friction and so prevent the ruler from slipping when in use I
attach India rubber, or other similar material to the parts of the roller that come in
contact with the surface being ruled.
On a suitable part of the hinge or hinges of the ruler I make a pointer or pointers
which indicates or indicate on a graduation or on graduations made upon the roller
the distance travelled at each movement of the ruler.
The outer ruling edge of the ruler may also be graduated if desired.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Rulers Used for Drawing
Parallel Lines.
I, JAMES TURNER, of Cross Roads near Haworth, in the County of York, Painter,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
That is to say the object of this invention is to facilitate the manipulation of, and
secure a greater degree of accuracy in the work performed by rulers used for drawing
lines parallel to each other, the same being attained by improvements in the
construction thereof hereinafter described.
In order that this said invention may be more readily understood I have hereunto
appended a sheet of drawings illustrative thereof to which reference is made in the
following description, and fig. 1 in which is a view of a ruler as seen from above,
fig. 2 being and end view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a similar view to fig. 1 but illustrates a modification. Fig. 4 is also a
similar view to fig. 1 and illustrates another modification.
Fig. 5 being and end view of fig. 4.
I hinge the ruler a to the roller b by the metal straps c these said straps being
varied in construction as shewn at c² and c² but in each case being arranged to join
the roller 6 to the ruler a in such a manner that it is only necessary for the user to
touch or finger the said roller b in moving the ruler from place to place; for this
purpose if desired a handle & might be hinged or loosely coupled to said roller 6 as
shewn by fig. 4, or the handle d³ (fig. 3) which is attached to the ruler a and extends
to cover part of the roller b might be employed.
In order to create friction between the roller b and the surfaces upon which it is
used so as to prevent said roller b from slipping thereon I attach India rubber
(caoutchouc) or some such material (such as may be composed of gelatine and treacle
or glue and treacle) e to the parts of the roller suitable to come in contact with the
surface being ruled, the outer ends of said rollers 6 being the preferable positions as
shewn.
On a suitable part of the metal strip c I make a pointer f which indicates by the
graduations g made on rollers 6 the distance travelled at each movement of the ruler.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
1. The ruler a and the hinges or strips of metal c in combination with the roller b
having prepared surfaces e substantially as and for the purposes herein specified.
2. The ruler a and the hinges c in combination with the roller 6 having surfaces e
prepared by india rubber (caoutchouc) or glue and treacle or gelatine and treacle and
the handle d or d¹ substantially as herein specified.
3. The combination of a ruler a and a roller b said roller having graduations formed
or marked thereon, with a pointer f formed on or attached to some part relatively at
rest with the axis of said roller substantially as and for the purposes herein
specified.