IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Crabtree, Loom Maker, of Bradford,
and William Hanson, Engineer, of Ovenden, near Halifax, both in
the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by William Crabtree and William
Hanson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition and Declaration, on the 1st September 1875, pursuant to
the 9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
CRABTREE, Loom Maker, of Bradford, and WILLIAM HANSON, Engineer,
of Ovenden, near Halifax, both in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS we are in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN. APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," and have
petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto us, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made
solemn Declaration that we verily believe ourselves to be the first and
truo Inventors thereof.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Crabtree and William
Hanson, do hereby declare that the following Complete Specification,
under our hands and seals, fully describes and ascertains the nature
of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be per-
formed, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed and forming
part of this Specification, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:
This Invention relates to employing a self-acting apparatus for
delivering the warps at any required pressure or tension, thereby
dispensing with the setting up and facilitating the pulling back,
preventing the warps stretching or twisting, producing an even fabric,
and doing away with levers and weights, chains, and ropes, heretofore
in uso.
To make our Invention better understood we will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1
represents a back view of a loom with self-acting apparatus for
delivering the warps; Figure 2 side view, and Figure 3 plan of the
same.
Figure 4 represents a back view of the delivery apparatus; Figure 5
represents a side elevation of the pull back motion; Figure 6 front
elevation, and Figure 7 plan of the same.
A, warp beam having iron bushes B fitted at each end; on the
under side of the warp beam are fitted iron shoes O lined with leather D;
the shoes C are fitted on brackets E bolted to the loom frame F; on the
top of the warp beam and on the buslics B are fitted breaks G having
lugs H, on which work the springs I and I. These springs are actuated
by screws J and J¹.
When the warps have been wound on the warp beam A, the screws J
and J¹ are screwed down by a key or spanner which fits on the square
ends K of the screws J and J¹, pressing the springs I and I' on the
breaks G, and giving the required pressure or tension to the warps; the
screw J is not screwed in as tight as the screw J¹ so as to give less
pressure on the break. The screw J works in a bracket L bolted to the
loom frame, and the screw J' is fitted with a self-acting apparatus to
unscrew it slowly, release the spring I', and slowly take off the pressure
put on the warps as the weaving operation proceeds. For this
purpose
we fit in the end of the warp beam a pin or stud M, which revolving

page_text: with the warp beam comes each time in contact with a spoke of a peg
wheel N moving the peg wheel which actuates a pinion O fitted on a
stud of the peg wheel. This pinion O works a small spur wheel P, and
actuates another larger spur wheel Q fixed on a shaft R working in a
bearer S formed on a bracket T. On the shaft R is formed or fitted a
worm U working in a wheel V fitted on the top of the screw J', and on
this screw is fitted a key to fasten the wheel V to the screw J', and allow
the removal of the wheel V when pressure is required to be put on the
warp beam. The action of the peg wheel actuating the wheel gear and
worm causes the wheel V to turn and unscrew very slowly, the screw J';
releasing the spring I', and taking off the pressure from the warps. And
to prevent the peg wheel turning back a star wheel W is cast on the
pinion O which is kept from moving out of position by the spring X
fitted to the bracket T. By these means we regulate the pressure or
tension on the warps, giving an even pressure; the warps requiring less
pressure as the weaving operation proceeds.
The pull back motion is worked in front of the loom, preventing the
weaver coming to the back part of the loom when the warps become
deranged, and the warp beam is fitted with single or double gear to
allow ease in pulling back. For this purpose we fit on the end of the
warp beam a wheel A' which is actuated by a pinion B¹ (a pinion can
also be fitted on the other side of the wheel A¹); this pinion B¹ is either
worked by the handle C¹, or by a catch wheel D³ fitted on a shaft E',
working in brackets F¹ bolted to the loom frame F. The catch wheel D'
is worked in front of the loom by the lever G¹ which actuates a pawl H';
the lever G¹ works in the guide M' fitted to the loom frame. By
working the lever up and down the pawl is caused to turn and actuate
the pinion, turning the wheel and beam the reverse way of the weaving
operation.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the means of
performing the same, what we claim as new and intend to be protected
is,-
Firstly. The employment and construction of a self-acting apparatus
for delivering the warps at any required pressure or tension as the
weaving operation proceeds, substantially as herein-before described and
represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly. The means or method of giving the required pressure or
tension by screws acting on springs and working breaks, also in the

page_text: means of taking off the pressure by unscrewing the screw as the weaving
operation proceeds, substantially as described and represented in the
Drawing annexed.
x
Thirdly. The
means or method of working a peg wheel in conjunction
with a star wheel and spring, thereby preventing the turning back of the
peg wheel, substantially as described and represented in the accompanying
Drawing.
Fourthly. The employment and construction of a pull back motion
acting on gear working the warp beam, substantially as herein-before
described and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Crabtree and William
Hanson, have hereunto set our hands and seals," this. Thirty-first
day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER C.E.;
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
WILLIAM CRABTREE. (L.S.)
WILLIAM HANSON.
(L.S.)