IMPROVEMENTS IN DREDGING BOA BALL
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernest Bazin, Civil Engincer and Chevalier of
the Legion of Honor, of the City of Paris, in the Republic of
77
France, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN
DREDGING BOA
BALL
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Ernest Bazin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 26th October 1874, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ERNEST
BAZIN, Civil Engineer and Chevalier of the Legion of Honor, of the City
of Paris, in the Republic of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN DREDGING BOATS," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for
the same, and have made solemn Declaration that I am the true and.
first Inventor thereof.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ernest Bazin, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and scal,
fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings :—
The object of my Invention is to rapidly & economically extract the
mud, ooze, and sand, even at great depths at distances from the shore or
in the midst of the sea, whether for dredging or cleansing ponds, canals,
watercourses, or for the maintenance of straits, ports, harbours, or
havens, or for removing the mud, ooze, and sand from sunken ships or
wrecks which are to be recovered, or for the extraction of auriferous
sand, and so on, in fixing tubular piles of bridges, or in other hydraulic
operations. This I effect by establishing at the bottom of the hold of a
floating body or dredging boat a water entry, thus creating an hydraulic
pressure or a natural force, the result of the difference of level between
the floating line and the water entry, a unique form admitting naturally
and gratuitously of dredging and raising the mud, ooze, and sand from
any depth and depositing it in the bottom of the boat, whence it is
discharged to any convenient place by aid of rotary pumps or other
efficient means or engines which receive the mud and sand directly from
the water entries, and possesing, on account of being placed below the
floating line, the advantage of the action resulting from the hydraulic
pressure.
From the above explanation it results that the object of this Patent is
to guarantee the exclusive privilege of,-
1st. The application of rotary pumps or other engines placed inside
and at the bottom of the hold of a dredging boat, and more especially
the application of rotary pumps, sunk or arranged inside or outside a
floating body of some sort, and directly connected with tubes or conduits
plunged in the midst of the matters to be removed.
2nd. Of the continuous ascensional current determined by the con-
nexion of the conduit tubes with the sunken pumps, and resulting from
the hydraulic pressure and the action of the pumps.
3rd. The mechanical dispositions represented by the accompanying
Drawing, or other arrangements calculated to produce the ascensional
current continuously from the commencement of the conduit pipes as
far as the end of the compression tubes of the pumps.

page_text: Figs. 1, 2, and 3 represent a dredging vessel fitted and destined for
removing mud and sand of a less compact nature.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section by the axes of the water entries; Fig. 2
is a longitudinal section following the axis of the vessel; Fig. 3 is a
plan showing the arrangement and position of the various organs or parts
contributing to the dredging; Fig. 4 is a section of the pipe forming tho
origin or commencement of aspiration.
On each side of the vessel and below the water level or line I pierce
the wall or hull of the vessel with two holes, which constitute my water
entries. In these holes the tubes a, a, pass, and are solidly fixed to the
boat, and which in the hold arc connected to the rotary pumps p, p, and
outside are firmly united to the tubes b, b.
In certain cases I cause the tubes a, a, to penetrate the boat by making
them traverse a stuffing box, which allows them the faculty of turning
on themselves a little.
The union of the tubes a & is of flexible material, leather, india-
rubber, & so on, to allow those to be displaced in any position, taking
the ends of the tubes a as a pivoting point. A lifting machine, crane or
otherwise, arranged on the deck, supports the tubes b, and facilitates
their displacement.
The tubes b, b, are connected parallelly at their other end to the
suction tube, with or without disaggregators. Figs. 1, 2, & 3 show a
junction with suction tube C, perforated as shown by Fig. 4, and sup-
porting the tube d, furnished with pipes e in variable numbers, through
which the water forced from a pump placed in any convenient position
in the boat finds an issue.
The pipes e are provided with ribs so as to form a sort of harrow, thus
commencing the disaggregation of the matters to be dredged, which
opperation is completed by the action resulting from the hydraulic
ascension.
The separation of the lower ends of the tubes b, b, is variable to a
certain degree, being mercly united by the tic piece g, Fig. 3, which
is attached to them by chains.
The rotary pumps p, p, which are in direct communication with the
tubes a, a, are established in the hold of the vessel, but they may be

page_text: fixed at the same level outside the boat. In this case it is unnecessary
to pierce the hull, for in uniting them directly with the conduit
tubes a, b, a benefit is also gained by the hydraulic charge or pressure,
as in the first case the pumps only have to convey away the matters
conducted to the pipes a, a, by the natural effect of the hydraulic charge
existing on the water entries, the tubes h, h, empty the mud and ooze
either in boats or barges I, I, or on the banks of the river; in a word,
in any suitable direction by lengthening the tubes.
If the discharging is made in barges, Fig. 1, they are provided with
valves easily worked by windlasses placed on the deck, and which allows
the barges to be rapidly emptied.
The rotary lift and force pumps p, p, or other system are actuated by
the propeller machine, as shewn in the Drawing, or by a separate motor
disposed in the same manner as for the case shewn, to cause them to
work together or separately by insolating one from the other by the :
valves K, K.
I have mentioned that these pumps arc lift and force pumps, as by
reason of their connection with the tubes a, a, I can in certain cases assist
the delivery of these conduits by a suction which in no manner inteferes
with the ascensional action of the tubes h, h.
The suction pipe C, shown Figs. 1 & 4, is intended for fluid, mud,
slime, and sand, as well as for more solid matters which are disaggregated
by the hydraulic pressure from the tube f, sufficient to force them to
follow the liquid current in the conduits b, b, occasioned by the difference
of level of the water entries and the floating line.
For all other matters to be dredged I reserve to myself the right of
employing special organs, whether those designed, Figs. 5 to 9, or others
that practice that may suggest. Thus Fig. 5 shews the end of the
conduit tubes b connected to the suction tubo C, the profile of which is
well adapted for dredging sand by facilitating the precipitous or gentle
raising of the apparatus.
The tube C is united to the conduit tube 6 by a leather junction or
flexible matter which does not suffer traction from the disposition of the
connecting chains n. Finally, the ends of the tubes are supported by
the harrow o and chain m. Another chain q is to facilitate the dis-
placement of the dredge.

page_text: Fig. 6 is a section of another suction tube also for dredging sand.
The raising of the apparatus, which may be made more or less sensible
by the attachment in producing a kind of beating action or disaggre-
gation, prevents the matters gorging the tube C at its entry, the result
cither of the consistency of the fluid or of the imbedding of the tube in
the sand.
In removing or raising slimy sand or compact sand the mode repre-
sented, Fig. 7, is very successful. An endless chain », set in motion for
conveying the tube from place to place by any convenient means, and
passing in the suction pipe, sufficiently separates the earth to procure a
uniform delivery. The lifting chain 7 is attached to the ends of two ribs
supports to guide rollers 8, 8.
Fig. 8 represents a disaggregator which I employ for clay or too.
compact mud or slime, or sand too homogeneous. It is an archimedean
5 screw, the axis of which n pivots at the end of the tube. This
hydraulic motor v, which may be a turbine, works by the action of
the pressure of water in the conduit a, which water after having given
the requisite impulsion to the motor, escapes by the pipe a', so as to
act on the bottom to be dredged and facilitate the disaggregation.
) Finally, Fig. 9 represents a suction tube for compact earths, the dis-
aggregation of which is obtained by the play of a kind of drill or body y,
gifted with an up-and-down movement effected by the chain Z, which
forces it to displace itself in the guides which the suction tube presents

page_text: 2nd. The application of the rotary or other pumps placed in the
interior at the bottom of the hold of a boat, and more generally of the
application of pumps sunk and placed inside or outside a floating body,
and directly connected with the conduit pipes. These pumps are specially
intended to expel the mixture of water, mud, clay, and sand as it reaches
the water entries, this arrival taking place gratuitously and by reason of
the pressure produced in the tubes of conduit by the hydraulic charge
due to the position of the water entries below the water line or floating
line.
3rd. The direct connection of the conduit tubes with the pumps, which
connection determines a continuous ascensional current, established from
its origin, starting from the bottom to the suction tubes as far as the
mouth of the tubes of ascension, emptying the liquid in barges or
otherwise.
4th. Finally, I reserve to myself the general disposition and details]
represented in the Drawings, and proviously described, which dispositions
may be employed separately or combined for dredging or raising mud,
slime, oozc, sand, clay, auriferous sand, and so on, from any depth of
water, or for effecting any other hydraulic work, such as fixing tubular
piles of bridges.
In witness whercof, I, the said Ernest Bazin, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 23rd day of October, in the year of our
Lord 1874
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