IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING SPINNING MULES FOR ROVING, FINE SPINNING, AND DOUBLE SPINNING
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of No. 20, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING SPINNING MULES FOR ROVING,
FINE SPINNING, AND DOUBLE SPINNING.-A communication from abroad
by Philipp Rudolph Dreyscharff, of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of
Saxony, Manufacturer.
Sealed the 17th January 1873, and dated the 26th July 1872.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Charles Denton Abel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 26th July 1872, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852:
TO ALL' TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SELF-ACTING SPINNING MULES FOR ROVING, FINE SPINNING, AND DOUBLE SPINNING,"
and have petitioned Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria to:
grant, unto me, my exécutors, administrators; and assigns, Her Royal

page_text: Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that
it has been communicated to me from abroad by Philipp Rudolph
Dreyscharff, of Clemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Manufacturer.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Denton Able, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention to be as follows:-
The improvements have reference to an improved construction of
self-acting spinning mules, for which Letters Patent were granted to
my foreign correspondent on the 5th September 1871, No. 2337.
By the present improvement the machine is so modified that the yarn
receives its twist before the stretching operation, and is at once brought 1
on to the winding reel and formed into hanks.
The improvements also. have reference to a novel construction of
the small tube or pipe, whereby it is rendered possible to join every
broken thread without having to stop the machine for that purpose.
The improved machine is shewn on the accompanying Drawing, in 1
which Figure 1 shews the one end view of the machine; Figure 2
shews a front view; Figure 3 shews the other end view; and Figure 4
shews enlarged details.
. b:is the main shaft carried in bearings a, a, Figure 2, and driven by
the fast pulley c. This shaft drives the drum f, Figure 2, by means 2
of the grooved pulley d and cord e passing over the guide pulleys g.
and h. The drum fimparts a quick rotary motion to the tubes / with
curved eyes m resting in bearings i and k. The spun thread p passes
from the spindles over the guide bars Z and through the back cylinders,
where it is subjected to the pressure of the upper cylinder q, and whence 2
it passes into the tube. Here the thread is untwisted by the contrary
rotary motion of the tube and passes in this condition through the
front cylinders v, 10, (of which the velocity ratio is rendered variable by
means of the change wheels 7, 8, t, u), where it is stretched, and after
leaving which it resumes its original twist. This original twist is im- 3
parted to the thread in the following manner :-The drum f (Figure 3)
carries a spur wheel a¹ in gear with the wheel c¹ on the pin 6. On the
boss of this wheel is a spur pinion d', which is in gear with the wheel g¹
on the drum f¹ carried by the bracket e¹, and this drum imparts to the
spindles x, y, the speed required for the twist. The tube is shewn 3
detached in full size at Figure 4, and in position in Figures 1 and 3. It

page_text: is carried in the rails' i, k, and provided-with the curved eye m; it has a
rapid rotary motion imparted to it from the drum f by means of a gut,
as shewn. The object of this tube is to impart to the thread p by means
of the curved eye m a-twist in the contrary direction to its original twist,
that is to say, to untwist it as it comes from the back cylinder n, o,
(where it is nipped by the upper cylinder q) in order that it may be
readily stretched by the action of the front cylinders v, w, and nipping
cylinder q', which run at a greater speed than the back cylinders.
This arrangement has the advantage that each broken thread can bé
easily and quickly joined again while the machine is in motion by
passing a hook through the tube and drawing the thread through
with it, whereas with the construction of tube with eccentric bore
described, in the Specification to the aforesaid former Patent, the
machine had to be stopped to effect the joining of the thread. The
cylinders are driven in the following manner :-Upon the main shaft 6
is a spur wheel h¹, Figure 2, which drives another wheel
.
fixed on
the same spindle as the bevil wheel k', the spindle being carried by
the sleeve . The wheel k¹ drives another bevil wheel m¹ fixed on the
horizontal shaft n. On the front end of this shaft is fixed a bevil
wheel o' which drives the bevil wheel p¹ on the front cylinder v. The
cylinders drive each other in the usual manner, as shewn. For winding
on the winding reel q¹, this is driven by the strap 71 and pulley ¹ fixed
on the shaft t, upon this shaft is a larger pulley 2' which is driven by
a strap v¹ from the pulley w' fixed on the front cylinder v. The indicated
lines shew that the threads are about to change their positions in order
to commence the second hank. As this changing for the different lanks
is effected by, mechanism similar to that usually employed for this
purpose, as indicated in Figures 2 and 3, it need not be further
described beyond mentioning that is the changing bar with the thead
guides, which at each revolution of the worm wheel'y' is pressed against
the stepped wheel by the 'action of the suspended weight at the other
end of the bar. In place of winding the thread or yarn on to reels, as
shewn, it may also be wound on to spools in a manner well understood.
The shaft a² situated above and in front of the changing bar and
extending the whole length of the machine serves as breast' bar, and
can be arranged in combination with a suitable strap fork, so as to act
as the stopping and starting bar, whereby the advantage is gained that'
the stopping and starting can be effected by the attendant at any point
of the bar..
•

page_text: "
By means of the above-described improved machine the roving can
be readily brought to Nos. 8 and 9, so that without drawing frame and
flyers Nos. 20 to 22 can readily be spun with a stretching of 2. But
as according to this system any spun yarn can be again subjected to
the roving process without losing the existing twist No. 40 could readily
be obtained by the next spinning, even with only double stretching.
As, furthermore, rovings can only be obtained with great difficulty from
inferior material by means of-flyers, as the fibres do not possess the
requisite length for the drawing cylinders, it occured to my foreign
correspondent that any desired twist might be imparted to the untwisted
roving by a device similar to double spinning frames arranged with
roving cylinders, and which has in the present case been brought in
direct combination with the self-actor. As this roving is twisted into
a yarn in an unstretched condition, and is therefore of a comparatively
considerable thickness, only a comparatively small twist is required, on
account of which the producing power of such a device is so great
that only 20 per cent. of roving spindles and 80 per cent. of self-actor
spindles are required, and with these even (particularly in the coarser
numbers) an increased yield of 25 to 30 per cent, is obtained.
The producing power of the machine certainly requires that as little
twist as possible should be imparted to the roving consistent with
the requisite strength thereof; the additional twist which is wanting
in the yarn as it is drawn through the two pairs of drawing cylinders
is imparted to it at the back side of the self-actor by means of the
water or double spinning flyers x, y, (Figures 1 and 3) arranged in a
reversed manner.
By these means it is rendered possible to spin even such materials
which could up to the present time not be spun at all without admixture
of superior material, such as the waste from batting machines. From
the superior waste a yarn of from three to four higher numbers may
be obtained.
.
· Instead of double drawing cylinders single ones may be used in
each set.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my,
foreign correspondent, what I claim is,-.
First. The before-described improved construction of spinning mules,
wherein the thread or yarn receives its twist before it is stretched.

page_text: Second. The construction and mode of operating of the before-
escribed tube with curved eye m.
Third. The combination with the said improved spinning mule of
inding reels or equivalent devices for winding on the spun thread or
arn, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.