Rough Surface Decorative and Ornamental Work.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1894-Accepted, 23rd June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Rough Surface Decorative and Ornamental Work.
I, ALFRED HORACE GLADWIN of 9 Fleet Road Hampstead in the County of
Middlesex, Instrument Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention consists in a kind of decorative and ornamental work having a
rough, granular, honeycombed or other uneven character, the above qualities being
more or less combined, the material or materials employed being metals, ores,
minerals, glass and other substances, separate or combined.
For the purpose of my invention I may utilize metals and minerals in their
natural state such as all kinds of ore when in the rough uneven or honeycombed
condition often found. This I cut up into pieces in the form of rosettes, borders,
frames grotto work, panels, ornamental letters, tapestry, studs, brooches and the
like or any other desired regular or irregular form for decorative or ornamental
purposes. These pieces will usually be electro plated, bronzed, lacquered, painted,
enamelled or otherwise coated as desired.
Instead of the above I may produce the rough material for my purpose by rough
casting the pieces by preference at once of the form and size required, and I may
embed therein pieces of variously coloured glass, crystal, metal or other materials
by placing them first in any desired manner in the sand or other mould or surface
into or on to which the metal is then thrown or splattered, or it may be run into a
confined mould after the aforesaid pieces of glass or other decorative material have
been first placed therein. I may also use bronze powder in the mould for producing
a bronzed effect on the surface. The desired designs. may frequently be made up
of pieces joined by soldering, rivetting or otherwise.
may also produce the rough material by electro-deposition.
Similar results may also be produced by forming the rough surface material by
impressing plaster of Paris or other suitable plastic substances and then coating the
same by electro-plating or otherwise coating. Previous to the coating I may embed
therein the pieces of glass or other decorative material.
In order to utilize materials such as sponge, coral and other suitable naturally
grown materials I cut or piece them into the desired form or design and then
coat them with metal by electro-deposition or in other ways produce a hard
surface.
Dated this 16th day of January 1894.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Rough Surface Decorative and Ornamental Work.
I, ALFRED HORace Gladwin, of 9 Fleet Road, Hampstead, in the County
of Middlesex, Instrument Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention consists in the manufacture and adaptation to various purposes of a
kind of decorative and ornamental work which may be called rough nugget scrȧg

page_text: "
work or rough matt surface work or spray work or agglomerate work, the above
characteristics being sometimes more or less combined. The material or materials
employed are metals, alloys, ores, minerals, glass and other substances, separately
or combined. With the rough surface material I may combine shaped or facetted
pieces or beads or irregular pieces of glass, metal or the like, in one or more
colours.
"
1
One mode of producing the work or the material for same is by rough casting.
This may be done with molten or fluid metal ore, mineral alloys, glass or other
suitable substance. Tin is in many cases suitable for fine work, brass for heavier
work, and fine zinc when lacquered is serviceable for grotto and reflector work.. In
some cases where the heat required for melting would be objectionable or detrimental
I employ the so-called fusible metal having a low melting point. Sometimes for
saving metal, for affording additional stability and for giving a more even surface
to the back of the casting, I place a cover of wire gauze over or in the mould and
pour the metal through it, so that the gauze may be either wholly embedded or
enclosed in the metal or form a backing for same. If made in cement, plaster of
Paris, china or the like having the rough surface impressed therein I coat the
surface of the piece after it has been cut into the desired shape or shapes in the
manner to be presently described.
If glass or the like is employed I may produce the desired effect by pressing it
while still in a plastic state and if desired embedding regular or irregular pieces of
glass, metal or other suitable materials therein.
Figure 1 represents a piece of rough work made as described.
Figure 2 represents a piece of this rough casting or work having embedded in its
face shaped or facetted pieces of glass or the like; sometimes I may embed therein
shaped or facetted pieces of a metal or metals other than the metal of the casting
itself. The embedding may be done by placing these pieces first in any desired
manner in the sand or other mould or surface on to or into which is then thrown or
spattered the molten metal.
Figure 3 shews a piece of rough work made as described having beads embedded
in its surface, and
Figure 4 shews a piece of rough work having irregular variously coloured pieces.
of glass or metal embedded in its surface.
I cut up or otherwise divide the rough work, made as described, into any desired
ornamental or other forms, such as rosettes, borders, brooches, letters, tapestry,
studs, frames or panels and numerous other forms. These are then especially if
made in cement, plaster of Paris or the like coated by electro-plating or with
metallic paint, enamel, bronze powder, tinsel, lacquer or other material giving a
lustrous, bright or shining surface with or without metallic or frost powder.
Articles thus made are used in many different industries, as for instance those of
frame makers, carvers and gilders, show case makers, makers of high class letters
and signs; apply the work to gas lamps and electric lamps for instance to the
guards for the latter, to stained glass window frames and transparency work,
illuminated grotto and fountain work. The work may also be applied to trimmings
on wearing material, with artificial flowers, for head dresses and hair ornaments,
lustres, glass vases and chandeliers, for cabinet ornamentation, for reflector frames,
for mouldings around panels or walls, for ornamental tiles or borders, for clock
cases, shoe buckles and a multitude of articles. When the work is enclosed under
glass shades it may be applied to chimney piece ornamentation and the like. When
enclosed in glass by the glass being blown over. it the work may be applied to
paper weights, door knobs, and escutcheons, and drawer handles and the like.
Glass tubes and vases and other vessels of glass, may be filled with the material in
regular or other forms. I may thus for instance apply round, D shaped or other
glass tubes, filled with the material in combination or not with other material or
articles, as members of picture trames, looking glass frames, and moulding. The
tubular members of the frame may be united at the corners by rough casting work
of the k.nd described.

page_text: The rough casting work may be applied to what is called rustic work.
But in most cases it is more advantageous to form the rough work at once-
into the proper form by casting as for the article required to be produced
by the employment of a mould of the desired form, whether it be for instance a
large picture frame or a small brooch or letters or a cross or other ornament, or
mouldings made in suitable lengths or for any other of the numerous purpose
hereinbefore named or referred to. Frames, mouldings and other work made in
wood or compositions may be ornamented by studding the same with rosettes or
other forms made as described.
I may also produce the rough work by utilizing metals and minerals in their
natural state when in the uneven or honey-combed condition in which they are
often found in nature, also slag and the like; these I cut up into the shapes required
and render them suitable for my purpose by electro-plating, bronzing, lacquering,.
painting, enamelling or otherwise and by bronze powder and frost powder.
In order to utilize materials such as sponge, coral and other such naturally grown
spongy materials I cut or piece them into the desired form and then coat them.
with metal by electro-deposition or in other ways produce a lustrous surface-
ornamented as described and having the required hardness imparted thereto in some-
cases.
In many cases the articles are mounted upon foundations of metal, wood, glass,
or other materials, by means of soldering, nails, wires, cement or other suitable.
means of fastening.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Decorative and ornamental work produced by casting and having a nugget.
scrag, agglomerate, rough matt or spray work like character substantially as set.
forth.
2. Rough surface ornamental and decorative work made by rough casting
and cut into the desired form and ornamented substantially as described.
3. Castings made with rough surface in the desired form and ornamented.
substantially as described.
4. Castings made with rough surface in the desired form with pieces of glass.
or other materials embedded therein or attached thereto, substantially as describa 1.
5. Ornamental work made from spongy ore or the like cut into the desired torm.
and ornamented, substantially as described.
6. Ornamental work made from sponge, coral or the like cut into the desired.
form and ornamented, substantially as described.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1894.