IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DRUMS, CONES, OR CYLINDERS OF MACHINES FOR CLEANING AND POLISHING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN, DRESSING MEAL, AND FOR Other like PurPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Marsh, of Bromley Hall, Bromley, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DRUMS,
CONES, OR CYLINDERS OF MACHINES FOR CLEANING AND POLISHING RICE AND
OTHER GRAIN, DRESSING MEAL, AND FOR Other like PurPOSES,”
caled the 18th July 1876, and dated the 21st January 1876.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Marsh at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1876.
WILLIAM ROBERT MARSII, of Bromley Hall, Bromley, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DRUMS, CONES, OR CYLINDERS OF MACHINES FOR CLEANING
AND POLISHING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN, DRESSING MEAL, AND FOR OTHER LIKE
PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to the drums, cones, or cylinders of machines for cleaning
and polishing rice, and dressing meal, and for other like purposes; and is designed
to provide the said drums, cones, or cylinders with a more efficient scouring,
polishing, or cleaning surface than heretofore.
The rice polishing machines ordinarily used are known as "vertical" and "diagonal"
machines, and my Invention is applicable to both. The rotating polishing drums,
cones, or cylinders are enclosed within fixed cylinders or casings of wire gauze or
woven wire. The rice as it comes from the ship or wharf in its dirty and unpolished
condition is fed into the said fixed casing at the upper end thereof, and the grains
of rice passing down between the outer casing and the brushing, polishing, or
cleaning surfaces of the said drum or cylinder is thereby cleaned and polished, and
passes away from the drum or cone at its lower end, while the meal and refuse
matter removed from the grain escapes through the wire gauze cylinder or casing.
The scouring, rubbing, cleaning, or polishing surface of these drums, cones, or
cylinders has hitherto been commonly formed of hair or bristles, or of sheep skin,
or partly of both; but according to my Invention I substitute for the said hair or
bristles, or use in combination therewith on the said drums, cones, or cylinders,
brushes or brushing surfaces formed of steel or other metal wire, preferably such as
is used for pianoforte strings. These wire brushes are formed by making tufts or
bunches of wire, and inserting them in backs or blocks of wood, or other material,
which backs or blocks are screwed or otherwise firmly fixed on the surface of the
polishing drum, cone, or cylinder.

page_text: I prefer that the polishing surface should consist partly of these wire brushes,
partly of bristles, and partly of sheep skin, as the result of the combined action of
these different substances will be a more rapid and effectual cleaning of the grain
from refuse matter adhering to it, and a finer polish, so that the cleaning and
polishing will be more expeditiously and economically performed, and the product
will have a higher value in the market than heretofore. Moreover these wire
brushes will be very durable, and will obviate the necessity of frequent renewal of
the polishing surface of these machines.
I apply the said wire brushes in the same manner to the drums or cylinders of
meal dressing machines, and thereby effect the dressing of the meal more econo-
inically and expeditiously, and produce meal of a better quality than has heretoforo
been practicable.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Marsh in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 21st
July 1876.
WILLIAM ROBERT MARSH, of Bromley Hall, Bromley, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DRUMS, CONES, OR CYLINDERS OF MACHINES FOR CLEANING
AND POLISHING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN, DRESSING MEAL, AND FOR OTHER LIKE
PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to the drums, cones, or cylinders of machines for cleaning
and polishing rice, and dressing meal, and for other like purposes; and is designed
to provide the said drums, cones, or cylinders with a more efficient scouring,
polishing, or cleaning surface than heretofore.
The said Invention is designed to improve the dressing of rice of every descrip-
tion, and can be applied to all machines used by millers for "pearling" and-polishing
rice, including the so-called diagonal, vertical, and other machines.
The rice polishing machines ordinarily used are known as "vertical" and "din-
gonal" machines, and my Invention is applicable to both. The rotating polishing
drums, cones, or cylinders are enclosed within fixed cylinders or casings of wire
gauze or woven wire. The rice from the ship or wharf is taken in its dirty and
unpolished condition. If it is hard rice, such as that known as Patna or Ballam
rice, it is first put through a screen to remove dust and other foreign matter.
If it is soft rice, such as that known as Rangoon or other kinds that require shelling,
it is first put through a screen, then shelled and winnowed. The rice thus prepared
is then fed into the said fixed easing at the upper end thereof, and the grains of
rice passing down between the outer casing and the brushing, polishing, or cleaning
surfaces of the said drum or cylinder is thereby cleaned and polished, and passes
away from the drum or cone at its lower end, while the meal and refuse matter
removed from the grain escapes through the wire gauze cylinder or casing.
The scouring, rubbing, cleaning, or polishing surfaces of these drums, cones, or
cylinders have hitherto been commonly formed of hair (bristles) or of sheep skin,
or partly of both of these materials; but according to my Invention I substitute for
the said hair or bristles, or sheep skin, or use in combination therewith on the said
drums, cones, or cylinders, brushes or brushing surfaces formed of steel or other
metal wire, preferably such as is used for pianoforte strings. These wire brushes
are formed by making tufts or bunches of wire, and inserting them in backs or
blocks of wood or other material, which backs or blocks are screwed or otherwise
firmly fixed on the surface of the polishing drun, cone, or cylinder.
I prefer that the polishing surface should consist partly of these wire brushes,
partly of bristles, and partly of sheep skin, as the result of the combined action of
these different substances will be a more rapid and effectual cleaning of the grain
from refuse matter adhering to it, and a finer polish, so that the cleaning and
polishing will be more expeditiously and economically performed, and the product

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a brush constructed according to my Invention;
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same; Figure 3 is a back view of the said brush.
Figure 4 is a vertical central section showing the adaptation of my Invention to
a machine called an upright or vertical polishing machine, drawn to a reduced
scale; Figure 5 is an end view of the polishing cone shewn in Figure 4.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawing.
My wire brush is made of the wire known and sold as pianoforte wire, or of wire
possessing similar permanent elasticity. The said brush has a hard wood stock a
covered with sheet iron or other suitable metal, as shown at b, and the wire c is
drawn through the said stock. The length and substance of the wire is determined
by the character of the machine to which it is to be applied and the speed at which
the brushes have to travel in working.
By the employment of these brushes the miller is enabled to produce samples
finer both in dress and size with a much less quantity of broken grain than hereto-
fore, as the wire having a springing or elastic nature does not act upon the grain
with such severity as in the machines heretofore in use, the "out-turn" per day is
considerably increased, and the uniformity of quality which is now absolutely
necessary in the rice trade is insured, as the machine when once fitted with these
wire brushes will run for months, except. in case of accident, without renewal or
repairing of its brushing surface.
In adapting my Invention to the machines used for "pearling" rice, the barley
millstone should be removed therefrom, and a strong drum of the hardest wood
should be fixed to the shaft of the said machine. This drum should be nearly of the
same dimensions as the said stone. When first put in place the said brushes should
be firmly screwed to the drum, and the brush surface should be at such distance
from the inner surface of the cylinder or casing of the machine as to permit the rice
to travel freely between the brush surface and the said casing. Great care must be
taken that the drum and cylinder are true or concentric with each other, otherwise
the wire gauze on the cylinder would be very quickly destroyed by the action of
the brushes.
In adapting my said Invention to the machine known as the upright or vertical
sheep skin polisher, shewn in Figure 4, the same should be supplied with the
brushes e, arranged according to the number of machines used in the mills, that is to
say, if only one is used the wire brushes should not be placed close together, as in
the barley mill, but about six inches apart, and the spaces between the wire brushes
should be filled up with sheep skin or hair brushes; but where the rice passes
through several sets of brushes, one or more of the cones may be entirely covered.
These machines will have an effect similar to that of the barley mill, and the
miller will therefore be enabled to dress hard rice, such as Patna rico, with a much
better result than heretofore, with less broken grain, and a better polish than when
the grain is passed through a barley mill. Ballam and other rice of an oily nature
can be dressed with my improved brush surface very advantageously, as the brushes
are arranged to keep perfectly clean during the whole of the operation, thereby
insuring a uniform product or sample, which is so difficult to obtain with the means
heretofore employed. Moreover, the time now occupied in the cleaning of the stones
every few hours is saved. Moreover, by the use of my Invention millers will be
enabled to save the heretofore unavoidable cost of stones, hair brushes, sheep skins,
and the cost of labour now required in the preparation of various machines, and
their profits will be considerably augmented, as the bulk of the produce will be
more uniform and perfect in grain than heretofore, and the quantity of broken
grain will be greatly diminished.

page_text: Dressing machines, screens, and other machines used for dressing grain, and in
which hair or sheep skin brushes either on a drum or otherwise are now used can
be wholly or partially replaced by the machines provided with wire brushes
according to my Invention.
I apply the said wire brushes in the same manner to the drums or cylinders of
meal dressing machines, and thereby effect the dressing of the meal more econo-
inically and expeditiously, and produce meal of a better quality than has heretoforo
been practicable.
Having thus fully described my said Invention and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I clain, the improvements in the drums, cones, or
cylinders of machines for cleaning and polishing rice and other grain, dressing meal,
and for other like purposes, which improvements consist in the application of wire
brushes, either alone or in combination with other cleaning or polishing surfaces, to
the said drums, cones, or cylinders, as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Marsh, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
TYT
DETT

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