IMPROVE- MENTS IN TUYERES FOR SMITHS' FORGES to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I, WILLIAM BENJAMIN CAVELL of 89 Orchard Road, Plumstead; in the County
of Kent, Blacksmith do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TUYERES FOR SMITHS' FORGES to be as follows:-
"
The Object of my Invention is first, to simplify the construction and economize
the cost of making tuyeres for Smiths' forges in general; and, secondly, to make a
tuyere which is more durable and requires less attention and repair than the
tuyeres at present in use. In this my Invention no water is used to keep the
tuyere cool. My tuyere is made in the following manner-I construct a hollow
metal trunk or chamber of Cast, Wrought or Malleable Iron open at the top and
bottom.
Into the side of this trunk there is a hollow tube through which I convey the air
blast. To the upper part of the hollow trunk or chamber I attach a flange and to
the lower part of the said hollow trunk or chamber I attach another flange or these
flanges may be cast or forged in the solid metal. On the upper flange I fix, by
means of bolts or other suitable method, the nozzle of the tuyere which nozzle
enters the hearth of the forge and is placed in a vertical position. On the lower
flange I fix by means of bolts or other suitable method a hollow tube which
approaches the ash hole. Between each of the flanges aforesaid I insert a draw or
slide valve. When the draw valve in the upper part of the tuyere is open it allows
the air to pass from the air blast through the nozzle to the hearth of the forge and
when it is closed it prevents the air from passing through. This valve is
consequently used to regulate the supply of air to the forge. The other draw
valve which is below the air blast answers a different purpose. It is constructed
in order to prevent the accumulation of small clinkers, ashes &c in the tuyere.
When it is desired to clear the tuyere of any ashes that have entered from the
hearth of the forge I close the upper valve and draw open the lower one and the
ashes fall by their own weight into the ash hole. Then I close the lower valve and
by opening the upper valve allow the air to pass again along the air blast through
the nozzle to the hearth.
By my Invention the centre part or trunk of the tuyere may be fixed
permanently in the forge and does not require to be removed in any case, as it
is not burned by the fire. The nozzle, which lasts a long time, ultimately requires
to be renewed. It can then be removed from the main trunk of the tuyere by

page_text: displacing a few bricks in the hearth and unscrewing the bolts which pass through
the upper flange. The lower part of the tuyere can also be disconnected from the
trunk by withdrawing the bolts which pass through the lower flange.
A great saving is thus effected in the construction of forges by avoiding the
necessity of taking the forge to pieces when any part of the tuyere requires repair
or renewal. In my Invention the draw or slide valves previously described may
Enter the tuyere at any angle most desirable for the forge that is in use.
Dated this First day of January in the year of our Lord One thousand Eight
hundred and eighty four.

page_text: I, WILLIAM BENJAMIN CAVELL of 89 Orchard Road, Plumstead, in the County
of Kent, Blacksmith_do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES FOR SMITHS' FORGES" and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following Statement and with reference to the accompanying drawings:-
The object of my Invention is, first, to simplify the construction and economisc
the cost of making tuyeres for Smiths' forges in general, and secondly, to make a
tuyere which is more durable and requires less attention and repair than the
tuyeres at present in use. In this my Invention no water is used to keep the
tuyeres cool.
4
My tuyere is made in the following manner:-I construct a hollow metal trunk
or chamber of cast, wrought or malleable iron open at the top and bottom. Into
the side of this trunk there is a hollow tube through which I convey the air blast.
To the upper part of the hollow trunk or chamber I attach a flange and to the
lower part of the said hollow trunk or chamber I attach another flange or these
flanges may be cast or forged in the solid metal. On the upper flange I fix, by
means of bolts or other suitable method, the nozzle of the tuyere; which nozzle
enters the bearth of the forge and is placed in a vertical position. On the lower
flange I fix by means of bolts or other suitable method a hollow tube which
approaches the ash hole. Between each of the flanges aforesaid I insert a draw or
slide valve. When the draw valve in the upper part of the tuyere is open it
allows the air to pass from the air blast through the nozzle to the hearth of
the forge and when it is closed it prevents the air from passing through. This
Valve is consequently used to regulate the supply of air to the forge. The other
draw valve which is below the air blast answers a different purpose.
It is con-
structed in order to prevent the accumulation of small clinkers, ashes & in the
tuyere.
When it is desired to clear the tuyere of any ashes that have entered from the
hearth of the forge, I close the upper valve and draw open the lower one and the
ashes fall by their own weight into the ash hole. Then I close the lower valve
and by opening the upper valve allow the air to pass again along the air blast
through the nozzle to the hearth.
By my Invention the centre part or trunk of the tuyere may be fixed
permamently in the forge and does not require to be removed in any case, as it is
not burned by the fire. The nozzle, which lasts a long time, ultimately requires
to be renewed. It can then be removed from the main trunk of the tuyere by
displacing a few bricks in the hearth and unscrewing the bolts which pass through
the upper flange. The lower part of the tuyere can also be disconnected from the
trunk by withdrawing the bolts which pass through the lower flange.
A great saving is thus effected in the construction of forges by avoiding the
necessity of taking the forge to pieces when any part of the tuyere requires repair
or renewal. In my Invention the draw or slide valves previously described may
enter the tuyere at any angle most desirable for the forge that is in use.
And in order that this my Invention may be more particularly understood,
reference is had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference
marked thereon :—
Figure 1 represents the tuyere in elevation.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of same.
11

page_text: Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are various shaped nozzles which may be attached to my
tuyeres.
Figure 8 shews a single forge with tuyere attached and nozzle appearing in
hearth, and.
Figure 9 shews a double forge with my tuyeres attached.
A Figures 1, 2 and 9 is the hollow trunk or Chamber to which at upper end is
attached the nozzle a with air aperture e. Working between the flanges of this
nozzle and the hollow trunk is a slide or draw valve b. Communicating with the
hollow trunk A is the air blast inlet c and to lower end of hollow trunk A is
attached a short pipe B leading towards the ash hole. Between the flanges of this
The upper
lower pipe B and hollow trunk A is fixed another draw valve b1.
draw valve b regulates the supply of air to the forge (by being opened or closed)
and the lower valve b¹ is to prevent the accumulation of cinders, ashes &c. for it is
only necessary to draw this valve b¹ open when the Cinders and ashes will fall
direct into the ashhole. Rods d and d¹ may be screwed into tho outer ends of the
draw valves b b¹ to facilitate the working of these Valves.
Instead of these draw or slide Valves, throttle or other valves may be used but
I prefer the draw or slide valves as being more advantageous.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First, The double Slide Valve applied to Tuyeres as described,
Second, The Construction of Tuyeres substantially and in the manner aforesaid,
set forth and described.
Dated this 4 day of February 1884.
For WILLIAM BENJAMIN CAVELL,
Horn & Son,
Patent Agents,
Surrey Chambers,
172, Strand, London, W.C.