Improvements in preeen-ioning man s
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in preeen-ioning man s
I, SAMUEL NEAL MCCLEAN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing
at the Town of Washington, in the County of Washington, in the State of Iowa,
Physician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The
My invention relates broadly to improvements in breech loading firearms and
specifically to improvements in automatic and semi-automatic firearms.
object of the invention when its preferred generic forms are stated is to construct
a firearm in which the movements involved in rapidly and positively handling
the ammunition shall form the basis of the gun's construction, and as few and
simple movements are usually associated with few and simple parts the move-
ments involved in the action of the parts shall be direct and simple movements.
Each of the several operating parts shall have a path of movement in which it
is guided and out of which it cannot get and a system of cam guides shall be pro-
vided to govern positively both the action and combination of the several parts.
The frame of the gun shall be built to receive the strain of the discharge in the
line of greatest strength, to limit it preferably to a small area immediately behind
the end of the barrel, to distribute it equally on every part of the frame, and to
resist it with the shearing, crushing and elastic strength of the metals.
weapon shall have a discharge actuated handle and the preferred form of storing
and using the force shall be through the medium of a primary and secondary
actuating spring, and a system of cam guides or cam tracks shall govern posi-
tively both the action and reaction of these springs and their relation to the bolt
action and other parts. The cartridges shall be firmly held in a cartridge
gripper, and shall have a positive movement both into and out of the barrel. The
magazine feed device shall have a path of movement in line with the required
movement of the cartridge. The magazine cut-off shall be self latching, shall be
clearly in view, shall be disassembled without tools and shall move the cartridge
feed device into and out of action: The weapon shall have a trigger and an
auxiliary trigger, one of which shall control the loading action, and the other the
D
071
The

page_text: firing action and when both triggers are out of action the firing shall be auto-
matic.
The extractors shall be centrally hinged by a pivotless interlocking form of
hinge and shall pull from the center line. The bolt action and other parts shall
be disassembled without tools and the shock of the bolt and handle actions shall
be stopped on spring and air cushions. The magazine shall be adapted to receive
its cartridges either singly or from a clip, shall be conveniently opened and shall
be self latching, and there shall be certain other details of improvement herein-
after niore fully set forth.
+
In the accompanying drawings which are hereby made a part of this Specifica-
tion.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a repeating pistol, illustrating the general appear-
ance of the weapon and the hinged relation of the receiver and handle, also the
trigger, auxiliary trigger, cut-off, magazine door and latch, also the receiver latch
and handle device.
Figure 2 is an end view of the same illustrating the magazine open and the
construction of the receiver latch. .
Figure 3 is a detail illustrating the magazine latch and its manner of engage-
ment with the receiver.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal central section of the arm with the right stock wall
removed, showing a view in elevation of the several operating, parts assembled in
a position of rest.
Figure 5 is a detail view of the operating slide showing both a side and top
view of the same.
Figure 6 is an end view of the same.
Figure 7 is a detail view of the magazine slide, showing both a side view and a
rear end view of the same.
Figure 8 is a detail view of the magazine cut-off, illustrating a front and side
view of the same and a detail of its locking or engaging end.
Figure 9 is a central longitudinal section of the barrel and frame of the weapon
with the right stock wall removed and the operating parts of the weapon illus-
trated in their second or rear position.
Figure 10 is a detail illustration of the sear illustrating it by a side and top
view of the same.
Figure 11. is a detail view of the carrier lever illustrating a side and top view
of the same.
:
Figure 12 is a detail illustration of the finger trigger illustrating a side and top
view of the same.
Figure 13 is a transverse section of the arm on the line , showing the
discharge actuated handle, the space for the primary actuating spring, the barrel,
the operating slide, the cam connected with the handle, the finger trigger, the
sear, and the auxiliary trigger; also that part of the receiver to which the handle
is hinged.
Figure 14 is an end view of the arm illustrating the tubular form of the forward
end of the operating handle and the hole in the same to permit the exit of the.
ball. Also that part of the receiver A2 which forms a band around and guides the
tube and the chamber beneath the barrel in the receiver in which is housed the
auxiliary actuating spring.
:
Figure 15 is a transverse section on the line bb, illustrating the barrel, ·
handle, cartridge gripper, cam wedge, and the guides M7; also the finger part
of the auxiliary trigger.
Figure 16 is a view illustrating the general appearance and firing position. of
the weapon reduced to a vest pocket size; showing in dotted lines the unlocked
relation of the receiver to the handle when it is desired to disassemble the weapon.
Figure 17 is a view of the weapon showing a central section of a barrel and
frame with the right hand side of the same removed and part of the right hand
side of the handle part of the weapon broken away and removed to reveal and
.

page_text: illustrate the actuating, slide in its position of rest and the cam guide which
governs the action of its engagement with the bolt; also illustrating the dis-
charge actuating handle in its rear position or position of rest and showing in
dotted lines its forward or operating position. Illustrating also the position of, the
carrier cam on the same in its position of rest and showing it by dotted lines in
its forward position; also the cam lug C2 in its rear and forward positions.
Figure 18 is a view in elevation of the breech bolt and shell extractors; illus-
trating the under side of the bolt and the cam track in the same by means of
which it is rotated Also the shell extractors, and the centrally hinged con-
struction of the same, the interlocking manner in which the extractors are
hinged and the spring by which they are actuated, together with the locking lug
on the bolt and the respective. bevel or angle of the rear side of the lug.
Figure. 19 is a plan view illustrating the same parts.
f
Figure 20 is a view illustrating an end elevation of the breech, bolt and shell
extractors.
Figures 21 and 22 are detail illustrations of the companion locking lugs. on the
side walls of the receiver.
11,
Figure 23 is an end view of the cartridge gripper viewed from its forward end.
Figure 24 is a side elevation of the cartridge carrier illustrating its gripping,
arms and the cam wedge by which they are opened to release, the cartridge.
Figure 25 is a transverse section of the same on the line - Fig. 24 illus-
trating the gripping, arms of the cartridge holder and the cam wedge; by which
they are separated to release the cartridge and the manner of locking engagement.
between the wedge and the gripping arms..
Figure 26. is a view of the receiver and handle of the weapon showing the right
hand side, of the arm and the barrel and actuating handle removed'; illustrating.
the cam guide way A7 which governs the locking action of the bolt and the cam
guide way, A which governs, the action and reaction of the actuating springs and
the. actuating slide, in its rear position. Also the locking lugs on the receiver
against which the bolt is locked and the automatic cut-off.
Figure 27 is a detail view of the sear and auxiliary trigger drawn to a larger
scale as in Figs. 4 and 9 illustrating their construction and manner of engagement.
Figure 28 is a detail..view of the automatic latch which locks the discharge
actuated handle.
Similar: letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the specification
and for convenience of description the different parts of the same piece and of
intimately co-related pieces have been designated by the same letter, the exponent
above the letter being changed to indicate the particular part to which the letter.
is intended to be applied and a letter having a specific exponent refers always to
some, particular feature of the part to which the letter is applied.
The receiver may be of any required shape to adapt it to the breech bolt action
to, which the invention is intended to be applied. In the accompanying drawings
it is designated by the reference letter A and is illustrated as a hollow cylinder.
of sufficient length to entirely house the bolt in both its forward and rear positions.
It is provided, with an opening A to permit the insertion and ejection of the car-
tridge. It is also open at its rear end to permit the disassembling of the breech
action, and on its under side is provided with a cam track in its lateral walls to
govern the locking action of the bolt as illustrated in Figures 4, 9, 15, 17; and 26.
The receiver is also provided with a forwardly projecting arm A¹ as illustrated in
Figures 1, 4, 9, 13, 16, 17 and 26. This arm is pivotally attached to the handle
of the weapon by the pivot D and this part or arm of the receiver A is chambered
to receive the auxiliary actuating spring G. It is also provided in its side walls
as illustrated in Figure 26 with a cam guide-way or groove A which governs
the action and combination of the actuating device..
1.
The barrel B is formed to be screwed into the receiver as illustrated in Figures 1,
4,9 and 16, although it may be, if desired, integrally formed with the receiver,
as is illustrated in Figure 17. The barrel is shouldered and, has a straight cylin-
...

page_text: drical part to form a bearing for the reciprocating movement of the discharge
actuated handle, it is provided at its forward end with a flange construction B¹
to operate as a gas check and an air cushion and to permit the action of the
primary actuating spring F as hereinafter more fully set forth.
The discharge operated actuating handle denoted by the reference letter C
forms a cylinder around the barrel, and has a handle part C3 which may be inte-
grally formed therewith as illustrated in C3 Figure 1 and 9, or may be hinged
thereto as illustrated in C+ Figure 1 and when so formed may have the incidental
function of forming a sight for the aim. The forward end of this actuating handle
contains an opening large enough to permit the passage of the projectile, and is
surrounded by the band A2 which is integrally formed with the arm A¹ of the
receiver, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 14. The spring F is located beneath the
handle and resists its movement and the discharge actuated handle is also provided
on its under 'side with cam lugs C₁ and C as illustrated in Figures 13, 17, 9
and 4, which lugs govern its action and combination with relation to both the
breech bolt and cartridge carrier as hereinafter set forth.
The handle proper of the weapon as illustrated in Figure 1 is designated by the
reference letter D and is hinged to the receiver by the pivot D¹.
It may be of
any suitable shape to conform to the grip of the hand and to meet the require-
ments of its relation to the magazine and operating parts. Located in the inside
walls of the handle D are the guide grooves M7 to control the reciprocating move-
ments of the cartridge carrier, also the groove 13 to control the reciprocating
movement of the magazine-feed R. The handle D is also chambered to admit the
action and movement of the cartridge magazine E.
The cartridge magazine is housed in the handle part of the weapon and may
have any required form to adapt it to receive, retain and release the cartridges.
It is designated in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 9, by the reference letter E and contains
a coiled spring E2 to exert a lifting tension on the cartridges. This magazine is
preferably pivotally supported in the handle to permit it to be sufficiently swung
open at the side of the weapon to allow the insertion of the cartridges either
singly or from a cartridge clip or holder. A fixed position of the magazine when
open is established by the engagement of the lug E Fig. 2, with the handle-part
of the weapon. The magazine when closed is retained in position in the handle
by any suitable form of catch, which I have illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 as a
latch E¹ which engages with the notch E to retain the magazine in locked
engagement with the handle as illustrated in Figure 1. This latch E is provided
with a checked knob conveniently located to be disengaged in opening the maga-
zine by a lateral movement of the thumb across the rear side of the handle D.
The slide H connects the discharge actuated handle C and the auxiliary actuat-
ing spring G with the breech mechanism. It constitutes a reciprocating bar or
bars preferably located beneath the barrel and receiver and having an arm H' at
its forward end projecting into the path of the auxiliary spring G and an arm H
at its rearward end projecting into engagement with the bolt action. It is pro-
vided with cam lugs H3 and H which enter into cam 'relation and cooperation
with the cam lugs C1 and C2 of the discharge actuated handle. The action and
combination of this slide H is governed by the cam guide ways or tracks A"
and A which tracks are located in the side walls of the receiver and have a
general linear direction and at certain fixed points have a cam or curved part
which governs the movement of the actuating slide H. The cam groove A
engages with the pin H6 and is located in the forward projecting arm of the
receiver, as illustrated in Figures 9 and 26, it governs the action and reaction
of the primary actuating spring F and the auxiliary actuating spring G. The
cam A is located in the side walls of the receiver proper, and engages with the
diamond shaped lug H³ to govern the relation of the slide H to the bolt action,
as hereinafter more fully set forth. This actuating slide H is provided near its
rear end with a stud H4 to engage with and guide the magazine feed R and is
also provided at a certain fixed point on its under side with the before mentioned

page_text: cam lugs H to govern the action of the cartridge carrier and the lugs H³ to
engage with the sear as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.
The bolt action is controlled by a primary and an auxiliary cam guide which
co-act to govern both its reciprocating and locking action, and in the preferred
form of bolt action which is shown as a reciprocating breech bolt the primary bolt
cam guide governs the locking action and the auxiliary guide
governs the reciprocating action of the breech closing mechanism.
This combination of a primary and an auxiliary cam guide to govern the bolt
action may be applied to any form of bolt action and the breech bolt may have
any required form necessary to adapt it to any preferred form of breech bolt lock-
ing action to which the actuating device may be applied. In the preferred form
which is herewith illustrated the breech bolt forms a hollow cylinder having the
usual cam locking lugs at its forward end, and is preferably illustrated as a
reciprocating and rotating breech bolt. It is denoted by the reference letter I
and has on its under side a cam guide groove I as illustrated in Figures 18,
19, 4 and 9. This cam bolt locking track I' has a cam part which is sufficient
to bring the locking lugs of the breech bolt 15 into engagement with the locking
lugs A on the side walls of the receiver. The groove l' in the breech bolt has
at its fore end a straight part to permit a firing action after the locking action
of the bolt is complete. The rear end wall of the breech bolt is shouldered and
grooved to permit a locked engagement of the slide H with the breech bolt as
illustrated in Figure 9 and hereinafter more fully described. The breech bolt is
also grooved at its rear end as illustrated by the groove I' in Figure 4 to admit
the action of the spring 18 Figure 19, which spring engages with the notch. I'
Fig. 4 and 17, to time the rotating action of the bolt as hereinafter set forth.
The shell extractors are integrally attached to a collar which encircles the bolt,
the respective opposite sides of which collar are centrally hinged together as
illustrated in Figure 18. The preferred form which is here illus-
trated is that of an interlocking pivotless hinge which form of hinge retains
the extractors locked around the holt and permits a sufficient movement of their
hooked extremities, to allow them to engage with the cartridge; and when the-
actuating spring is removed from behind the extractors the form of hinge
permits them to be readily disassembled. The extractors are actuated by a
spring collar which encircles the bolt behind the extractors and is provided with
a projecting point of engagement 12 which enters into relation with a companion
recess in the bolt to maintain a positive position and relation of the parts. The
collar part of the extractors is bedded in a groové about the neck of the bolt,
and this extractor collar bears against the groove in which it is located only at
a point in the center line of the collar and immediately in front of the central
point at which the extractors are hinged together; thus causing them to pull on
the cartridge from a point midway between the hooked extremities of the ex-
tractors.
The cartridge carrier is composed of gripping arms which conform to the shape
of the cartridge and maintain a yielding tension on the respective opposite sides
of the cartridge. These arms are designated by the reference letter M and are
illustrated in Figures 23, 24, 25, 4, 9, and 15. The preferred form of the car-
tridge carrier is that its respective sides shall be integrally formed from a single
piece of material and it will be apparent that the entire carrier could be so
formed from a single piece of material; but, as illustrated in this application, the
carrier proper is separately formed from a single piece of material, and a
carrier lever is introduced to reciprocate it. The gripping arms of the carrier as
here illustrated, are provided on their respective opposite sides with projecting
lugs to engage with the carrier lever. The forward side of these gripping
arms are provided with shouldered wings M³ which project in towards the center
of the carrier and enter into engagement with the cam wedge by which the arms
of the carrier are actuated to grip and release the cartridge. This cam wedge M
as illustrated in the previously, referred to figures, is pivotally. supported between

page_text: the gripping arms of the carrier by means of the pivot M3. The spring M* may
be introduced to afford a yielding tension, on the cam wedge M5 and this cam
wedge is shouldered at the top of the cam wedge. Fig. 25 to afford a slightly'
locked engagement with the wings.
+
The carrier lever is integrally formed from a single piece of material and may
be integrally formed with the gripping arms of the carrier as herein before stated..
In the accompanying drawings, it is designated by the reference letter N and its
preferred form is illustrated in Figures 11, 4, 9, 13 and 15. It is pivotally sup;
ported in a bracket attached to the receiver and its rearward end is pivotally con-
nected to the respective opposite sides of the gripping arms M. It is provided
with lugs on its respective opposite sides designated by letters N2 and N³, which
lugs enter into engagement with the cam lugs H8 and C to govern the action of
the lever and the reciprocating movement of the carrier as hereinafter described.
The sear T may be of any desired form to adapt it to the actuating and firing
mechanisms, the preferred form of the sear is illustrated in Figures 10, 4 and 9.
This sear is integrally formed from a single piece of material and has a lug pro-
jecting into the path of the actuating handle and an auxiliary lug projecting
into the path of the slide H. It is preferably illustrated as having lateral arms
which are pivotally supported in the receiver on the same pivot to which the
lever N is attached. It also is provided near its forward end with shouldered
extremities T2 and T3 for engagement with the triggers O and P. These shoulders
may be beveled to allow the triggers to re-engage with the sear; they are located
opposite the center of the pivot 14 on which the receiver rotates.
The weapon is discharged by means of a finger trigger and an auxiliary trigger,
and when these triggers are held out of action is automatically discharged by
the device. The finger trigger 0 may have the usual or any required form and
its forward end is provided with a V-shaped lug for engagement with the sear T
as illustrated by the reference letter O¹ in Figures 12, 4 and 9. This trigger is
pivotally supported in either the receiver or handle part of the weapon but in the
preferred form which is herewith illustrated it is shown pivoted to a bracket inte-
grally formed with a handle.
The auxiliary trigger is formed to be retained in the handle part of the weapon
and in a magazine pistol such as is herewith illustrated, it is located in an open-
ing in the handle at the rear of the trigger guard, between that and the handle
proper and conveniently located to be actuated by the second finger. It is pivot-
ally supported in the frame of the weapon by the same pivot which supports the
finger trigger and it is depressible into an opening in the frame to actuate it to
release the sear. Its preferred form is denoted by the reference letter P and the
combination of the trigger and sear is illustrated in Figure 27.
•
The magazine feed device consists in a reciprocating slide or cartridge follower
having a movement in line with the required movement of the foremost cartridge
in the magazine. It is denoted by the reference letter R and its preferred form
is illustrated in Figures 7, 4, and 9. It is composed of a slide having a body part
and a projecting arm or bracket extending into the path of the cartridge. This
arm R is formed to bear against the rear end of the cartridge in such manner
that it cannot at any time bear against the cap or fulminate.
The slide R is
provided on its anterior face with a rectilinear groove R2 having a shoulder at its
forward end R³ and between this shoulder and the lower edge of the forward and
of the slide the groove opens through the end wall of the slide, the underside of
the slide R has a flange or shoulder R to be moved in a companion groove d,
Fig. 4 in the groove D¹. The rear side of the slide R is grooved to provide an
engagement between the slide R and the magazine cut-off S and has a flange
construction on its upper side to afford a certain guiding action and combination
between the slide R and the magazine cut-off S. The slot D' Figures 4 and 9,
is located in the side wall of the handle and is of sufficient width to permit a
transverse movement of the slide R when it is actuated by the magazine cut-off
to lift it out of engagement with the bolt action.
.
*.

page_text: The firing device is preferably actuated by the force of the auxiliary spring
and is preferably composed of the reciprocating slide H the auxiliary actuating
spring G and the sear and trigger.. The firing pin I may be integrally attached
to the prior side of the projecting an H2 of the slide H. I have however, here
illustrated it as a small spring actuated plunger movably retained in the forward
end of the breech bolt and located in the path of the terminal forward movement
"of the slide H and engaged by it to discharge the weapon.
The trigger lock designated in Figure by the reference letter Y is a slide
movable in the trigger guard and has a rearward extremity which has two
shoulders and is movable into the path of the auxiliary trigger P when that trigger
is withdrawn and enters into locked "engagement with it to either partially or
entirely retain it out of action. It is also apparent that an additional movement
of this trigger lock Y will carry its forward end into engagement with the finger
trigger thus converting the weapon in the first instance into a trigger firing
weapon and in the second instance locking it against being discharged by either
trigger.
The weapon is provided with a dust-slide which has a path of movement across
the opening in the receiver through which the cartridges are either inserted or
ejected: The preferred form of this dust-slide is illustrated in Figure 16 and
denoted by the reference letter Aº. It is provided on its lateral sides with a
flange which engages with the guide ribs A10 as illustrated in Figures 16 and 17.
This slide may be actuated either by hand or automatically by the bolt and for
this purpose is provided with a flange on its forward end which projects into the
path of the bolt. The latch C Figs. 9 and 28, is pivotally attached to the cylin-
der C at its forward end; it has a latch shaped rear end to engage with a com-
panion notch in the barrel, which notch is located over the vent or port B³ and
the latch is released by the discharge. The valve V is also located in the front
end of the handle tube, it has a long and a short arm, may be spring actuated
and engages with a lug A5 and is movable into and out of the gas current. The
cam guide A has a shoulder a Fig. 26 against which the slide H locks when the
handle is lifting the carrier.
The operation of the various parts of the invention is as follows:-The receiver
and handle of the arm are pivotally connected with each other by the pivot D
and when the receiver thumb latch A3 is laterally moved out of engagement with
the receiver the weapon swings on this pivot as illustrated by the dotted lines in
Figure 16, thus bringing the breech bolt action and operating parts of the weapon
into view for the purpose of cleaning or disassembling, at which time the
slide H can be sufficiently depressed to allow the breech bolt and extractor action
to be readily either removed from or inserted into the receiver. It is also appa-
rent that the magazine when properly formed could be refilled from its upper end
providing that the hinged connection of the receiver and the handle at the
point was such as to permit a sufficient movement to fully open the upper end.
of the magazine, thus obviating the necessity for opening the magazine at the.
side. This hinged relation of the handle and the receiver is such that a quick
swinging movement of the receiver suffices to securely latch the receiver and
handle together.
The operation of the preferred form of the magazine which is illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9 is that it shall swing open at the side of the arm
sufficiently to permit the cartridges to be conveniently, inserted either from a
cartridge clip, a magazine filler; or singly, as may be desired. The latch E¹ has a
knob shaped end which is conveniently located to be released from the handle by
a lateral movement of the thumb and the magazine, is locked in a certain con-
veniently fixed position by the lug on the same which engages with the side
wall of the handle.
"
The weapon is intended to be operated by a device which may be actuated
either by hand or by the discharge. That part of the weapon which I have
designated as the actuating handle forms a cylindrical tube around the barrel,

page_text: and is denoted by the reference letter C. This tube has a checked handle part
surrounding the barrel and conforming to the shape of the hand as illustrated
in C Figure 1. In C Figure 1 a modification of this handle is shown in which
it is pivoted to the cylinder and has the incidental function of forming a sight
to afford when elevated an additional grip to the hand in moving the handle for-
ward against the pressure of the primary actuating spring F. The forward end
of the tubular part of the handle has an opening sufficient to permit the passage
of the projectile, and is formed to catch a sufficient quantity of the escaping
actuating gas of the discharge to carry the handle forward and compress the
primary actuating spring, and it is intended that the force of the gas shall exactly
neutralize the kick of the arm thus leaving the weapon steady in the hand and
not disturbing the aim. The gas valve is attached to and carried by the
cylinder C. It is movable out of and into the path of the gas and engages with
the frame or receiver to be locked out of the path of the gas by the terminal
movement of the handle and turned into the path of the gas by the initial part
of its forward movement. The valve V is pivotally supported in the forward end.
of the tubular part of the handle and when the latch Co has released the handle
the valve V swings into the path of the escaping gas and if necessary augments
the driving power of the cylinder. The gas valve may be spring actuated and the
lug with which it engages has both a front and rear shoulder, the rear shoulder
engaging with the valve to lock it out of the path of the gas and the forward
shoulder engaging with the valve to turn it into the path of the gas.
The handle is reciprocated by the force of the discharge and the reaction of the
primary actuating spring, and the advance of the handle C brings the cam iug C³
into engagement with the cam, lug H Fig. 17 and by depressing it carries the
lug C into locked engagement with the forward side of the lug H³ as illustrated
in Figure 17. The reverse movement of this handle C being then actuated by
the force of the spring F causes the slide H to traverse the track A6 until it reaches
the cam part of that track as illustrated in Figure 26, when the lug He is actuated
by the cam part of this track A6 to carry the lug H out of the path of the lug C³,
thus disconnecting the tube C from its engagement with the slide H at a time
when the breech bolt has been fully withdrawn, and permitting the handle to have
an additional movement for the purpose of actuating the cartridge carrier by
means of the cam lug C¹ as hereinafter set forth. The slide H is locked against
movement by the engagement of the lug Ho with the shoulder a Fig. 26. of the
guide groove A6 the fug C Fig. 4 having a sufficient length to hold it in engage-
ment till the handle has made a sufficient movement to elevate the cartridge.
The preferred form of bolt action is as follows:-Supposing the parts to be in
their positions of rest or in the fired position as illustrated in Figure 4, the opera-
tion of the bolt in reaching its rear position as illustrated in Figure 9, is as
follows the slide H when at rest is in the forward part of the cam slot I' in
the bolt, and the rearward movement of the upwardly projecting arm H2 of the
slide Has it traverses the cam track in the bolt, causes the bolt to rotate until
its locking lugs are carried out of engagement with their companion locking lugs
on the walls of the receiver at which time the diamond-shaped lug H³ as illus
trated in Figures 4, 5, and 6 has traversed the track A and entered the cam or
beveled part of that track and brought the upper end of the part H³ into engage-
ment with the rear end wall of the breech bolt at I10 when the farther movement
of the slide H causes the diamond shaped stud H³ to traverse the cam part of the
groove A and lift the slide H into locked engagement with the breech bolt and
the farther movement of the slide H carries the breech bolt into a position suffi-
ciently distant from the end of the barrel to permit the insertion and ejection of
the cartridge. The rear end of the breech bolt when it reaches the end of its
travel encounters the air chamber K and the escape of the air from this chamber.
acts as an air cushion to check the bolt.
The reverse movement of the breech bolt is then accomplished by the force of
the auxiliary actuating spring G which is exerted against the arm H¹ at the

page_text: forward end of the slide H. This spring G is set or put on a tension by the force.
of the spring F exerted against the slide H through the engagement of the
lugs H and C³, and when the cam guide A6 has carried the lug H out of engage-
ment with the lug C2 as herein before stated, the reaction of the spring G carries
the slide H forward until the breech bolt is advanced in a direct line to a point
which brings its locking lugs into apposition with their companion lugs on the
front wall, at which time the diamond shaped cam lug H³ again comes into
engagement with the cam part of the guide A7 thus depressing the part H2 of the
slide H out of engagement with the end wall of the breech bolt and permitting
the part H to traverse the cam guide in the under side of the bolt causing its
locking lugs to rotate into locked engagement with their companion lugs at which
time it passes into the straight part of the cam guide in the breech bolt and has
a sufficient farther movement to accomplish the discharge of the arm as herein-
after set forth..
The bolt fiming. latch Is is provided to assist in timing the locking and unlock-
ing action of the bolt and the engagement of the actuating slide with the bolt.
This latch when the bolt has reached the terminal part of its forward movement
drops into its companion notch or cam in the side wall of the receiver, and its
projecting end maintains a yielding tension on the bolt to retain it in a fixed
position during both the latching and unlatching engagement of the slide H. with
the bolt. When engaged with its companion notch I Figs. 4 and 17. it permits
the part H2 of the slide H to pass it and the initial part of the rolling action
of the bolt releases it from this notch after the locking lugs on the bolt are firmly.
engaged with their companion locking lugs on the stock, and the reverse move-
ment of the bolt brings the projecting end of this latch again into engagement,
with its companion notch on the side wall of the receiver and retains the bolt in.
a fixed position by a yielding tension until the bolt and actuating slide are again
firmly latched together, it being impossible for the latch to release its engagement.
with the receiver until after the part H2 of the actuating slide has passed beyond.
its engaging end, at which time the engaging end of the latch can be swung in
and released from its engagement with the receiver.
•
:
In the passage of the cartridges through the arm a fixed grip is maintained
with them at any and every part of their movement and the passage of the car-
tridges from the magazine into and out of the barrel and the operation of the
cartridge feed device is as follows: The parts involved in the preferred construc-
tion of the cartridge feed device are the cartridge follower and cartridge gripper, .
the former having a path of movement across the top of the magazine and the
latter reciprocating between the magazine and the barrel. These parts are
operated by the action and reaction of the discharge actuated handle, the primary
and auxiliary actuating springs and the connecting device. The cartridges are:
carried from the magazine into the gripper and from the gripper into the barrel.
by the force of the auxiliary spring, and the carrier is reciprocated by the alter-
nate action of the two springs, though it is apparent that the
carrier could be reciprocated by the alternate action and reaction of the
auxiliary spring alone by allowing both the cam which elevates the carrier and.
the cam which depresses it to be attached to the operating slide.. Supposing the
parts to be in a position of rest, and both springs to be at their point of least
tension, the moving forward of the primary actuating handle either by hand or
by the discharge of the weapon, carries the cam lug into engagement with the..
cam lug H and the reverse movement causes the slide H to traverse the guides A
and A until the part H has reached its rearward position as illustrated in
Figure 9. at which time the cartridge gripper. being still in the position illus-
trated in Figure 4, and the lug №2 on the carrier lever. being in its unner
position and in the path of the final movement of the cam. lug C¹ on the actuating
handle. The farther movement of this lug C¹ causes the lug N2 to traverse the
cam face of the lug C¹ and the lever N to be swung on its pivot lifting the car-
tridge into line with the bore of the barrel, and bringing the lug N³ into the path

page_text: :
of the forward movement of the cam lug H8' on the bar H wlien the reverse move-
ment of the slide: H brings the cam face of this lug. He into engagement with
the lug N³ of the lever N and its farther forward movement depresses the cart.
ridge carrier out of the path of the breech bolt and drops it into position, in-
front of the magazine. It is apparent that the cam lug Hs can be placed at a
sufficient distance from the pin N³ to allow the breech' bolt to advance the 'car--
tridge slightly, into the barrel before commencing to actuate the cartridge carrier.
to descend. At this time the farther. advance of the slide H causes the cartridge
follower R to pass. the cartridge from the magazine into the cartridge holder,; as,
follows the slide H is provided with a lug H which' projects into the slot in
the slide or cartridge follower R: This pin and slot connection, of the cartridge!
follower R allows a sufficient amount of lost movement of the slide: H- to give the
required movement to the cartridge follower R and to carry the cartridge forward.
into its proper position. The lug H4 as it moves forward when the magazine is
in action; traverses. the slot. R2 until it encounters. the 'shoulder Rat which time
it commences to advance the follower R and carriest with it the cartridge to its
required position at a time when the slide H has reached the limit of its forward
movement, at which time the projecting arm-or. bracket R¹ engages with the top
of the foremost cartridge in the magazine and prevents its upward movement.
until by the reverse movement. of the parts the arm R' has been carried-back out of
the path of the cartridges; bringing its beveled lower corner into engagement. with
the rear end flange of the cartridge and causing a slightly forward movement
of the cartridge as it is lifted into position in front of the arm R¹ of the cartridge.
follower..
'
The magazine cut-off and follower R may be located on either side of the arm
but is shown located on the left side of the weapon as illustrated by the dotted
lines in Figure 4. The side wall of the arm is cut through to permit the
shoulder S to be inserted into the groove R in the back part of the slide or
follower R and inasmuch as the slide R when in position to be engaged by the
lug H is such that the magazine cut-off is at that time in a horizontal position,
and when the cut-off is turned to a vertical position the lug or arm. S³ of the
cut-off lifts the slide R up until the lug. R3 is raised out of the path of the lug H4,
thus allowing the lug H to, traverse its entire path of, movement without engaging
with the shoulder R³ at all, and cutting out the magazine. Inasmuch as only a
quarter revolution of the magazine cut-off is utilized, in its working movement, it
is apparent that the opening in the frame through which the lug or arm S³ is
inserted, may be made at some other than the working position of the cut-off S
thus allowing that the cut-off may be by farther movement turned to that posi-
tion and readily disassembled. The cut-off is also provided on its inner side with
a conical projection to engage with a companion conical depression which retains
it, in a.semi-locked condition in either of its two positions. Its inner end is also
shouldered and. grooved to cause it to engage with. and assist in retaining the
slide R.in the groove in which it is reciprocated.
The parallel position of the cartridge is maintained by the guide M which has
an inclined direction and in. which the pin. M³ of the cartridge carrier is reci-
procated.
The firing action- is governed by a sear; a trigger, an auxiliary trigger, and.
when so desired,, by a.trigger cut-off. The sear T is located in the path of the
rearward movement of the lug C on the cylinder C and has a lug T projecting
into the path. of the forward movement of. the slide H when such slide is in its
rearward position and when the sear is actuated by either trigger the initial part.
of its.. movement releases. its engagement with the cylinder C. and permits the
final rearward.movement of the cylinder C to carry the cam lug C³ out of engage-.
ment with its companion lug N2 of the lever N. The farther movement of the
sear carries its lug, T out of engagement with the slide H and. permits the force
of the auxiliary spring G to advance the breech. bolt, carrying the cartridge into.

page_text: 2.
the barrel and depressing and refilling the carrier with the succeeding cartridge
a hereinbefore stated, at which time the trigger P having been carried out of
engagement' with the sear, and the sear having returned to its former position
encounters the lug H at a time when the slide H has advanced the bolt to its
forward position and brought its locking lugs into engagement with their com
panion locking lugs on the stock wall, the part H2 having traversed the cam part
of the groove in the breech bolt and entered the straight part of that groove;
the farther forward movement of the slide H is at that time arrested by the
engagement of the lug. T₁ of the sear with the lug H of the slide H and when
the finger trigger O is actuated it causes an additional movement of the sear T
and carries the lug T" out of the path of the slide H releasing it and permitting
the farther forward movement of the slide H to drive the firing pin point against
the cartridge and discharge the weapon.
In a preferred firing action of the auxiliary trigger P this trigger remains per-
manently engaged with the sear and is permitted by the trigger cut-off to have a
sufficient movement to release the sear from its engagement with the
actuating handle, and its engagement with the slido H when such
slide is in its rear position and by such action the pull of the trigger P con-
trols the loading action of the weapon only, leaving the firing action to be
released by a pull of the trigger 0. The trigger cut-off Y and Y Fig. 1 is pro-
vided at its forward end with a double shoulder and when the auxiliary trigger P
is withdrawn sufficiently to allow the forward shoulder of this cut-off to be
inserted between it and the trigger guard it retains the sear T partially out of
action and does not permit it to engage with the slide H until the operation of
the slide has reciprocated' and locked the bolt, leaving the terminal firing move-
ment of the slide H to be controlled by each successive pull of the trigger_O
alone. The trigger P when withdrawn sufficient to allow the second lug on the
trigger cut-off to be interposed between it and the trigger guard will at that time
permanently hold the sear out of engagement and leave the automatic action to
be controlled by the engagement of the slide H with the shoulder a Fig. 4 the
lug being formed 'to both retain and release it from the said engagement by
the terminal movement of the handle. It is also apparent, that the automatic
'discharge of the arm may be controlled by retaining the trigger P in its second
position and tripping the sear by the terminal movement of the discharge
actuated handle, the autoniatic action thus operated to continuously discharge the
"weapon.
f.
"
•
When single firing is desired, the magazine cut-off S is turned to its vertical
position, when after each successive discharge of the weapon the action and
reaction of the spring F will carry the breech bolt and cartridge carrier into the
position illustrated in Figure 9, at which time the cartridges can be inserted
singly through the opening A in the receiver, and when so inserted will be firmly
held in proper position in line with the barrel until the slide H is released by
the action of the trigger P and when this trigger is actuated they are advanced
into the barrel and locked in the firing position ready to be discharged by a pull
of the finger trigger O. as herein before described.
:
1
Having now particularly described and ascertained. the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,. I..declare that what
I claim is
Claim 1. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a cylinder around
the barrel, a spring to resist the movement of the said handle and connection
between the handle and the operating parts of the weapon.
Claim 2. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a cylinder around
the barrel, and its forward end formed to catch the gas when it escapes from the
end of the barrel and perforated to permit the free passage of the projectile, and
5 a spring to resist the movement of the said handle.
Claim 3. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a "cylinder around

page_text: 1
the barrel, its forward end formed to catch the gas as it escapes from the end of the
barrel and having a discharge actuated latch locking the said cylinder until
the projectile has escaped from the barrel, and a spring resisting the movement of
the said handle.
Claim 4. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a cylinder around'
the barrel its forward end formed to catch the gas when it escapes from the end
of the barrel, a latch locking the said cylinder into engagement with the barrel
and an opening into the chamber of the barrel to permit the latch to be dis-
engaged by the force of the gas and a spring resisting the movement of the said
handle.
Claim 5. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, forming a cylinder around
the barrel, and having its forward end partially closed to catch the gas as it
escapes from the end of the barrel and perforated to permit the passage of the
ball, a valve or gas check movable into and out of the path of the gas and con-
*nected with the said cylinder, and a spring to resist the movement of the said
handle.
Claim 6. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a cylinder around
the barrel its forward end partially closed to catch the escaping gas at the end of
the barrel perforated to permit the passage of the ball and having a gas valve
pivotally supported in the said cylinder and movable into and out of the path of
the gas, a shoulder on the said valve and a companion lug or shoulder on the
frame against which the valve is locked to retain it out of the path of the projec-
tile, until the projectile has escaped from the end of the barrel.
Claim 7. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a cylinder around
the barrel having its forward end partially closed to catch the gas as it escapes
from the end of the barrel, a valve pivotally supported in the said cylinder, and
movable into and out of the path of the gas, a lug or arm on the stock located
in the path of the said valve and having a shoulder against which the valve is
locked to retain it out of the path of the gas and a companion shoulder which
engages with the valve in its initial movement to turn it into the path of the gas.
Claim 8. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a cylinder around
the barrel and guided to have a reciprocating movement in line with the barrel, in
combination with a barrel formed to bear closely against the said cylinder at both its
forward and rear end, the forward end of the barrel flanged and presenting
flange bearing against the inner side of the said cylinder which bearing is so
formed and connected to the barrel that its expansion from the heat of the dis-
charge shall equal the expansion of the discharge actuated cylinder thus forming
an automatically regulated gas check.
a thin
Claim 9. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle forming a cylinder around
the barrel, a spring to resist its movement, the said cylinder in combination with
a barrel on which it slides and with which both the forward and rear ends of the
cylinder are adjusted to bear closely, an air chamber between the said cylinder
and barrel and an opening in the said cylinder near its rearward end to permit
the escape of the air and to cause the terminal movement of the cylinder to be
stopped by an air cushion, after the cylinder has passed beyond the said opening.
Claim 10. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
ment of the said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a connecting medium
between the said handle and auxiliary spring and a stock wall having a guide
groove which engages with the said connecting medium to control the action and
reaction of the said springs.
Claim 11. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle a spring to resist the move-
ment of the said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating breech bolt,
a slide connecting the said springs with each other and with the breech bolt, and
a stock frame having a cam guide groove engaging the said slide, to govern the
action and reaction of the said springs and to reciprocate the breech bolt.
Claim 12. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-

page_text: ment of the said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating breech
bolt, a reciprocating slide connecting the said springs with each other and with the
breech bolt, a stock wall having a cam guide engaging the said slide to time and
govern the action and reaction of the said springs, and a receiver having cam guide
grooves beneath the breech bolt to govern the locking action of the bolt.
Claim 13. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the
movement of the said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating and
rotating breech bolt, a reciprocating slide connecting the said springs with each
other, a stock wall having a cam guide groove governing the action and reaction
of the said springs, a receiver having a cam guide beneath the bolt, engaging with
the said slide to govern the locking action of the bolt and the said breech bolt
having a cam guide on its under side engaging with the said slide, to give a
rotating locking action to the bolt and cam locking lugs on the bolt and com-
panion cam locking lugs on the side walls of the receiver.
Claim 14. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, forming a cylinder around
the barrel, having a cam lug on its under side, an auxiliary actuating spring, a
slide connecting the said handle and said auxiliary spring and having a companion
cam lug located and movable in the path of the cam, lug on the handle, and a
stock wall having a cam guide groove in its side wall to govern and time the
action and reaction of the said springs.
Claim 15. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, having a cam lug and an
auxiliary cam lug, a spring to resist the movement of the said handle, an
auxiliary actuating spring, a slide connecting the said handle and said auxiliary
actuating spring having a cam lug located in the.' path of its companion cam lug
on the actuating handle, a side wall having a cam guide groove engaging with
the said slide, to govern and time the action and reaction of the said springs, and
a cartridge carrier engaging with the said auxiliary cam lug on the handle to
reciprocate the carrier, and to afford an additional movement of the handle for
this purpose.
Claim 16. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
.ment of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a slide connecting the said
springs and having a cam lug, a stock wall having a cam guide way to govern the
action and reaction of the said springs and a cartridge carrier engaged by the
cam lug on the said slide to actuate the carrier.
Claim 17. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle having a cam lug, a spring
to resist the movement of the said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a slide
connecting the said springs and having a cam lug, a stock wall having a cam
guide way, governing the action and reaction of the said springs, a cartridge
carrier engaged by the cam lug on the handle, and the cam lug on the said slido
to reciprocate the carrier.
Claim 18. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, having a cam lug and an
auxiliary cam lug, a spring to resist the movement of said handle, an auxiliary
actuating spring, a slide connecting the said springs and having a companion cam
lug and an auxiliary cam lug, a stock wall having a cam guide way or groove
governing the action and reaction of the said springs and a cartridge carrier
reciprocated by the action and reaction of the said auxiliary cam lug.
Claim 19. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring resisting the
'movement of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a slide connecting the
said springs a stock wall having a cam guide governing the action and reaction
of the said springs, a cartridge carrier having gripping arms and engaging with
the said slide to be reciprocated thereby and a cam wedge movable between the
arms of the said carrier to grip and release the cartridge.
Claim 20.. In a firearm a cartridge carrier having gripping arms, a cam wedge
movable between the gripping arms of the carrier and having flanged shoulders
to maintain a limited locking engagement with the gripping arms of the carrier
and to cause them to grip and release the cartridge..

page_text: Claim 21. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
ment of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating breech bolt,
a slide connecting the said springs with the breech bolt, a stock wall having a
- cam guide groove to govern the action and reaction of the said springs and the
said auxiliary actuating spring and slide coacting to discharge the weapon.
Claim 22. In a firearm, a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
ment of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating-breech bolt,
a slide connecting the said springs and said breech bolt, a stock wall having a
cam guide groove to govern the action and reaction of the said springs, a sear
engaging the said slide, and a trigger engaging the sear.
Claim 23. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
ment of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating breech bolt, a
a stock wall
slide connecting the said springs and said breech bolt,
having a cam guide groove to govern the action and reaction of the
said springs, a sear engaging the said slide, a trigger engaging the sear, and an
auxiliary trigger.
Claim 24. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the
movement of said handle, an auxiliary 'actuating spring, a reciprocating breech
bolt, a slide connecting the said springs and said breech bolt, a stock wall having
a cam guide groove to govern the action and reaction of the said springs, a sear
engaging the said slide, a trigger engaging the sear, an auxiliary trigger, and a
trigger cut-off, movable into the path of the auxiliary trigger to retain it out of
action, and into the path of the finger trigger to lock it against action.
each
.
Claim 25. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
ment of the said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating breech
bolt, a firing pin carried by the breech bolt, a reciprocating slide
connecting the said springs with
other and with the breech
bolt, a stock wall having a cam guide groove to govern the action and
reaction of the said springs, the said slide engaging with the said firing pin to
discharge the weapon.
Claim 26. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring resisting the
movement of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a slide connecting the
said springs, a stock wall having a cam guide groove to govern the action and
reaction of the said springs, a breech bolt containing a cam guide and a receiver
containing an auxiliary cam guide, the said slide engaging with the sail guides
to govern the bolt action, a sear engaging the slide and a trigger engaging the
sear.
Claim 27. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
ment of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring, a reciprocating brecchi bolt,
a slide connecting the said springs and said breech bolt, a stock wall having a
cam guide groove to govern the action and reaction of the said springs, a car-
tridge carrier actuated by the said handle and said slide, a cartridge magazine
and a cartridge slide having a reciprocating movement across the path of the fore-
most cartridge in the magazine and engaging with the said actuating slide to
transfer the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel.
Claim 28. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, AL spring
to resist the movement of said handle, an auxiliary actuating spring,
a reciprocating breech bolt, a slide connecting the said springs and said
breech bolt, a stock wall having a cam guide groove to govern the action and
reaction of the said springs, a cartridge carrier actuated by the said handle and
said slide, a cartridge magazine and a cartridge slide movable across the path of
the foremost cartridge in the magazine, a slot located in the said cartridge slide
and a pin projecting from the said actuating slide into the said slot to provide a
lost movement of the actuating slide and to transfer cartridges from the magazine
to the barrel.
Claim 29. In a firearm a reciprocating breech bolt, an actuating slide engaging

page_text: with the breech, bolt,, a. magazine follower, having a path of movement across the
top of the magazine and a pin and slot connection between the said follower and.
said slide to afford a limited loading movement of the fowler.
Claim 30. In a firearm a. reciprocating breech bolt, an actuating slide engaging
with the breech bolt, a magazine follower having a path of movement across the.
top of the magazine, a pin and slot connection between the said follower and said
slide, and a magazine cut-off. engaging with the said follower to lift it out of the
path of the said: lug or pin: on the actuating, slide.
Claim 31: In a firearm a cartridge magazine, pivotally hinged in the handle off
the weapon and adapted to be swung open at the side of the arm to permit it to
be filled with cartridges..
Clain 32. In a firearm a cartridge magazine pivotally supported in the stock
or handle of the weapon adapted to be swung open for the purpose of. refilling,
and a latch attached to the said magazine and conveniently located to release the
same..
Claim: 33. In a firearm, having a stock: or handle and a receiver and barrel, 'a>
breech bolt movably and removably retained in. the receiver, and the said receiver:
and stock or handle pivotally hinged, together, a latch locking the said receiver.
and said stock or handle together and the said parts movable on the said hinge, to
permit the breech mechanism to be rapidly assembled or disassembled.
Claim 34. In a firearm having a barrel and receiver and stock or handle; thef
said parts. pivotally hinged together, a, reciprocating. breech bolt, housed in the
said receiver, and an actuating, slide engaging the said breech bolt to actuate it.
and depressible out of. the path of the bolt to permit the bolt to be rapidly.
assembled or. disassembled.
Claim 35. In a firearm having a barrel, and, stock or handle; a cartridge maga-"
zine having a spring lifter for elevating the cartridges, a cartridge follower havingr
a path of movement across the top of the magazine, a stock wall having a guide
groove to receive and guide the said follower,, a cartridge magazine cut-off having:
an eccentric cam-shoulder, to engage with, and guide the said cartridge follower,..
and to lift it out of engagement with the magazine.
Claim 36. In a firearm a reciprocating breech bolt, shell-extractors centrally..
hinged to the bolt and formed, to draw on the cartridge from a point midway
between the hooked extremities: of the extractors,, the said extractors having a
pivotless interlocking form of hinge to permit them to be quickly disassembled!
Claim 37. In a firearm a reciprocating: breech bolt, shell extractors centrally.
hinged to the breech bolt, the said hinge forming an interlocking pivotless hinge
and the extractors formed. to pull from, the center; a spring: collar around the
bolt behind the extractors, and exerting a yielding tension against them:
Claim 38. In a firearm a discharge actuated handle, a spring to resist the move-
ment of said handle, an auxiliary, actuating spring, a reciprocating breech bolt, a
slide connecting the said breech bolt and said springs, a stock wall having a cain
guide groove governing the action and reaction. of said springs, a movable cam
guide groove and an immovable cam guide groove governing the bolt action, a car-
tridge carrier. reciprocated by the action and reaction of the said- handle and said-
slide, a. sear engaging, with the said, slide, a trigger and an auxiliary trigger
engaging the sear, the auxiliary trigger controlling the loading action of the
weapon and the trigger controlling its firing action to adapt the weapon to single.
firing.
Claim 39. In a firearm a reciprocating breech bolt, a reciprocating cartridge
carrier having gripping, arms, the carrier lever actuating the said carrier; a reci-
procating, slide connected. with the said breech bolt and with the said cartridge
carrier. to actuate them, and a stock wall. having a guide groove engaging with
the carrier to present the cartridges in front of the bore of the barrel and parallel
therewith.
Claim 40. In: a firearm a reciprocating. breech bolt, a cartridge magazine, a car.
ridge carrier. movable between the said magazine and, barrel, and having gripping

page_text: arms to engage with the cartridge, a cam wedge movable between the gripping
arms of the carrier to cause them to grip and release the cartridge, and a con-
necting medium between the said breech bolt and said cartridge carrier.
Claim 41. In a firearm a cartridge carrier having gripping arms and a recipro-
cating cam wedge movably retained between the gripping arms to cause them to
grip and release the cartridge.
Claim 42. In a firearm a reciprocating breech bolt having cam locking lugs and
containing a cam locking guide groove, a receiver having companion cam locking
lugs and a guide groove in the side walls of the receiver beneath the bolt, an
actuating connecting medium between the said breech bolt and said receiver en-
gaging with the said guides to govern the reciprocating and locking, of the bolt.
Claim 43. In a firearm a reciprocating and rotating breech bolt having cam
lugs at its forward end and containing a cam guide having a straight part at its
forward end, a receiver having companion cam lugs and containing a cam guide
way beneath the bolt, an actuating connecting medium between said receiver and
said breech bolt engaging with the said guides to govern the reciprocating and
locking action of the bolt, the straight part of the cam in the bolt permitting an
additional firing movement of the actuating connecting medium after the locking
action of the bolt is completed.
Claim 44. In a firearm a reciprocating and rotating breech bolt having looking
lugs at its forward end and containing a cam guide, a receiver having companion
locking lugs and containing a companion cam guide, an actuating connecting
medium between said breech bolt and said receiver and engaging with the said
guides to govern the reciprocating and locking action of the bolt, a latch carried
by the breech bolt and engaging with a companion notch in the receiver during
the initial and terminal part of its rotating movement to time the locking action
of the bolt.
Claim 45. In a firearm a reciprocating and rotating breech bolt having locking
lugs at its forward end and containing a cam guide, a receiver having companion
cam locking lugs and containing a companion cam guide, an actuating connecting
medium between said breech bolt and said receiver and engaging with the said
guides to govern the reciprocating and locking action of the said bolt, a locking
latch forming a spring collar carried in a seat about the bolt and having a pro-
jecting engaging end, a receiver having a companion engaging notch for the said
latch engaged thereby in the initial and terminal part of the locking action of the
bolt to afford a yielding pressure of the locking latch and time the locking action
of the bolt.
Claim 46. In a firearm a trigger action comprising a trigger, an auxiliary
trigger and a trigger cut-off the cut-off having at its forward end a double
shoulder movable into the path of the auxiliary trigger and at its rear end a
single shoulder movable into the path of the trigger, its forward end engaging
with the auxiliary trigger to lock it partially or entirely out of action and its
rear end engaging with the trigger to lock it against action.
Claim 47. In a firearm a magazine cut-off having a handle part and an arm
for projecting into the receiver, a cartridge follower carried in the receiver and
engaged by the cut-off, a conical bearing on the said cut-off and a companion
conical depression in the said receiver to afford a partially locked engagement of
the cut-off with the receiver.
Claim 48. In a firearm a magazine cut-off having a handle part and a shoulder
having a projecting lug or arm for engagement with the cartridge follower, a
receiver carrying said cut-off, a cartridge follower movable in the said receiver and
engaging with the said cut-off, the said cut-off having a conical projection
and the said receiver having a companion conical depression at both the initial
and terminal part of the movement of the cut-off to afford a semi-latched engage-
ment of the cut-off with the receiver, and the said receiver being cut out to permit
the insertion of the cut-off into engagement with the follower at a point other
than the working movement of the cut-off to permit the cut-off to be turned to
this point and readily disassembled.

page_text: Claim 49. In a firearm a reciprocating breech bolt, a receiver having an air
chamber behind the bolt to afford an air cushion in checking the terminal move-
ment of the bolt.
1000
SAMUEL NEAL McCLEAN, -
By George Barker,
Agent, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
ITA TOTY
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Con mo STILL
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