USING APO ELASTIKON HYPHASMA AS A NEW AND IMPROVED CLOTH FOR FLOORS, ROOFS, WALLS, TANKS, TANKS, AND OTHER .LININGS, BEING IMPERVIOUS TO DAMP, AND OF GREAT STRENGTH AND DURA BILITY
Year: 1863

page_text: A.
LETTERS PATENT to William Kirrage, of No. One, Victoria Street, City,
Surveyor, for the Invention of "USING APO ELASTIKON HYPHASMA AS A
NEW AND IMPROVED CLOTH FOR FLOORS, ROOFS, WALLS, TANKS,
TANKS, AND OTHER
.LININGS, BEING IMPERVIOUS TO DAMP, AND OF GREAT STRENGTH AND DURA
BILITY,"
Sealed the 17th December 1863, and dated the 25th June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Kirrage at, the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
June 1863.
1.I, WILLIAM KIRAGE, of No. One, Victoria Street, City, Surveyor, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "USING APO ELASTIKON HYPHASMA
AS A NEW AND IMPROVED CLOTH FOR FLOORS, ROOFS, WALLS, TANKS, AND OTHER
LININGS, BEING IMPERVIOUS TO DAMP, AND OF GREAT STRENGTH DURABILITY," to
be as follows:-
I manufacture floor and other cloths by employing various substances, such
as india-rubber, gutta percha, various gums, farinaceous, fibrous, or any other
suitable vegetable matter, which I amalgamate in a warm state in a masticator,
driven by steam in the usual manner, by first putting in the india-rubber and
the gutta percha,next the sterine pitch,and well incorporating them, to which
I now add as much vegetable fibre as will make it form a strong felt; then I
add the farinaceous matter, and prefering the outside husks from groundřice,)in
gal..מז י

page_text: proportions of about five poundsin weight to one pound of india-rubber, forming
a plastic body of such substance as may be rolled into any lengths or moulded
into any shapes that may be required, and can then be painted or printed to
the most elaborate design,or the colours worked into the body of the material
to give it the required tint. The novelty of this Invention consists in the
great strength obtained by this mode of mixing, which prevents its cracking,
and giving it an improved surface, light, warm, and impervious to damp,
which qualities combined'have never before been accomplished.
The latest improvement known as a substitute for oil or floor cloths is
kamptulicon, which combine some of the required qualities, namely, warmth
and elasticity, when laid flat. But these qualities are counterbalanced by its
liability to crack in bending, rendering it useless for many purposes, such as
staircases, lining tanks, and various others. Now iny new material is intended
and well adapted to meet all these requirements, inasmuch as it is of greater
strength than any other material in use,lighter both in fabric and colour,more
elastic and warm, impervious to damps, and will not decay immersed in water
or on a damp floor, is capable of being worked or printed to the most elaborate
design, and at a cheaper rate than any other material; and last, tho' not
least, is capable of reworking again after any lapse of years it has been in use,
and is then worth half its original cost by weight, and in exchanging old for
new material will be allowed for in the manner of lead, which mineral it is an
excellent substitute for in all its various purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Kirrage in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
KIRRAGE, of No. One, Victoria Street, City, Surveyor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousandeight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Kirrage, Her special licence that I,the said William Kirrage,my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Kirrage, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and

page_text: vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "USING APO ELASTICON HYPHASMA
AS A NEW AND IMPROVED CLOTH FOR FLOORS, ROOPS, WALLS, TANKS, AND OTHER
LININGS, BEING IMPERVIOUS TO DAMP, AND OF GREATH STRENGTH AND DURABILITY,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Kirrage,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
I.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Kirrage, do hereby declare the.
nature of my said Invention; and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My Invention consists in the employment by a process of amalgamation
certain substances in the manner herein-after described, so as to form a material
to be called Apo Elastikon Hyphasma, which may be used for a floor cloth
and various other purposes. The substances I employ in the manufacture of
this material are india-rubber; gutta percha, various gums, farinaceous, fibrous,
or any other suitable vegetable matter, amalgamated in the following
manner:-1 first well masticate the india-rubber or gutta percha, or both; I
then add a proportion of the residue from cotton seed oil, which I prefer as
being cheap, tough, and without smell; to this mass I add for some purposes
a portion of sterine pitch; I then work in the masticators as much vegetable
fibre or other matter as will convert it into a strong felt. In this state I
remove it from the masticators, and pass it through a set of mixing rollers,
adding as much farinacious matter as will render it in a fit state for the
finishing roller, through which I pass it heated hot, to bring it to the
thickness, length, and width required; for this purpose I prefer the outside
husks from rice ground fine if a light ground is required; otherwise, I use
any other of the farinaceous substances to suit the colours. This mixture is
then immediately fit for printing, which can be used to print any elaborate
pattern, or the material can be used plain, if preferred; it is not liable to
crack, and is well adapted for staircases, public halls, buildings, offices; and
passages, as it is of great strength, durability, and impervious to damp, and
can be reworked after any length of time, as it improves in keeping.
When the material is required to be more stiff and hard in character, I
employ india-rubber, or gutta percha, or both, masticated as above described,

page_text: to which I add sterine pitch or cotton seed residue, or both, as the case may
be. I then add the fibrous matter as before for felting; to this I add as much
common chalk or talk as the masticators will receive, without breaking up the
mixture. I then remove it to the mixing rollers, and put in as much steatite
or French chalk. as will get it in a fit state for the finishing rollers. I then
roll it out to the length, width, and thickness required; this material is then
fit for use, and answers all purposes as a substitute for lead, or to be painted
or enamelled for the use of carriage tops, for railways or cabs, &c., as a sub-
.stitute for leather. This material so prepared is also thoroughly waterproof,
and impervious to damp, and will not decay by exposure to the atmosphere.
Acids have no effect on it; therefore, it will be invaluable as a substitute
for gutters on houses, flashings round chimneys, and for covering hips and
ridges, lining cisterns, and various other uses, such as a packing between
iron and stone for columns, making joints between iron gutters, girders on
bridges, and other similar purposes.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in which way the
same is to be performed, I do not claim the same, and except as herein
described, mixture of fibrous matter or pitch with india-rubber or gutta percha,
as I am aware the same has been in use before, but what I claim is the manu-
facture of the material herein-before described, in the manner described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Kirrage, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.