Manufacture or Purification of Gas.
Year: 1885

page_text: Manufacture or Purification of Gas.
I, ROBERT DEMPSTER, Junior, of the firm of R. and J. Dempster of Newton
Heath, Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONDENSERS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OR
PURIFICATION OF GAS," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to the construction of Condensers in column or tube
form, more particularly in what are known as annular Condensers, wherein the
gas is allowed to pass through columns or tubes in annular or ring formation, and
is acted upon, for the condensation or cooling of the same, by a current of
atmospheric air or a current of water passing through the columns or tubes in a
contrary direction.
The object of the improvements is to prevent the varying action upon the gas
by such means, arising out of the varying temperatures of the air at different
seasons of the year, or different hours of the day and night.
To accomplish this and to effect my improvements I surround the columns or
tubes with annular jackets or spaces for the purpose of containing water, steam,
or air. These spaces are provided with suitable inlet and outlet valves, which
may either be automatic in action or be controlled by the attendant in charge.
A thermometer or thermometers may be fitted thereto for the purpose of shewing
the temperature of the water, steam, or air, which may be replaced as it absorbs
heat froin the gas.
Variations in detail may be made by arranging the gas, air, and water or steam,
the gas and water or steam, or the gas and air in its column or tube form, in
different ways, as for instance; a ring of water or steam, a ring of gas, with the
inner tube for air; a ring of water or steam, a ring of air, with the inner tube for
gas; or, by preference, a ring of water or steam, a ring of gas, with the inner tube
for water or steam; or the outer ring and the inner tube may be both arranged for
air, or otherwise; also the columns or tubes may be either circular, square, oblong,
eliptical, oval, or other form in cross section, and the water, steam, or air supply,
may be obtained, and the jackets fed, and the columns or tubes may be connected,
in any convenient manner, without departing from the peculiar character of the
invention, which mainly consists in the application of water, steam, or air
jacketing, or a combination thereof, to the columns or tubes forming Condensers
used for gas making or purifying purposes, whether aunular or simply tubular
in form.
Dated this 95th day of March 1885
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
Agent.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Condensers Used in the
Manufacture or Purification of Gas.
I, ROBERT DEMPSTER, Junior of the firm of R and J Dempster, of Newton
Heath, near Manchester; Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONDENSERS USED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OR PURIFICATION OF GAS" and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The improvements relate to the construction of condensers in column or tube
form, more particularly in what are known as annular condensers, wherein the gas
is allowed to pass through columns or tubes in annular or ring formation, and
is acted upon, for the condensation or cooling of the same, by a current of
atmospheric air or a current of water passing through the columns or tubes in a
contrary direction.
The object of the improvements is to prevent the varying action upon the gas
by such means, arising out of the varying temperatures of the air at different
Beasons of the year, or different hours of the day and night.
To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, I surround the columns or
tubes with annular jackets or spaces for the purpose of containing water, steam,
or air.
These spaces are provided with suitable inlet and outlet valves, which may
either be automatic in action, or be controlled by the attendant in charge.
A thermometer or thermometers may be fitted thereto for the purpose of shewing
the temperature of the water, steam, or air, which may be replaced as it absorbs
heat from the gas.
Variations in detail may be made by arranging the gas, air, and water or steam;
the gas, and water or steam, or the gas and air, in its column or tube form, in
different ways, as for instance, a ring of water or steam, a ring of gas, with the inner
tube for air; a ring of water or steam, a ring of air, with the inner tube for gas;
or, by preference, a ring of water or steam, a ring of gas, with the inner tube for
water or steam; or the outer ring and the inner tube may be both arranged for
air, or otherwise; also the columns or tubes may be circular, square, oblong,
eliptical, oval, or other form in cross section. And the water, steam, or air supply
may be obtained, and the jackets fed, and the columns or tubes may be connected,
in any convenient manner.
But that the improvements may be better understood I will by the aid of the
accompanying drawings proceed more fully to describe means employed by me.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.

page_text: a, a, are the columns or upright tubes forming the inner spaces of the annular
condensers; b, b, the middle ring spaces; and c, c, the outer jacketing spaces.
These several spaces are formed by the three sets of tubes being fixed one within
the other.
In the arrangement shewn the gas passes from the main valve into the ring
space b, b, of the first column, and by means of the connection as shewn, down
the corresponding space of the second column, and in like manner up the third
and down the fourth to the outlet.
The steam or water enters at the pipe d, d, and finds its way through the
central spaces and the outer spaces of all the columns which are placed in com-
munication by means of the connecting pipes shewn, entering at the gas outlet end
of the condensers. It will thus be seen that the stream of water or steam travels
in the contrary direction to that of the gas, thus producing gradual condensation
or lowering of the temperature throughout the whole length of the columns or
tubes, connected together as shewn. The condensed vapours are taken off at the
bottom of the columns by the intervention of the pipes f, f, which are in
connection with the tar well,
Although the arrangement shewn is adapted for steam or water to fill the inner
and outer spaces, other modifications may be made whereby air alone, or air and
water or steam, or steam and water, may be employed in the different spaces
formed by the three upright tubes placed one within the other, and numerous
variations in detail may be adopted without departing from the peculiar character
of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The application to the columns or upright tubes forming condensers used in gas
making for purifying purposes, whether annular or simply tubular in form, of
water, steam, or air jacketing, or a combination thereof, in manner substantially as
shewn and described.
Dato
1
AT
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
Agent.