IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH LAMPS AND BURNERS, AND AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING LAMPS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Hugh Hughes, of 96, Hatton Garden, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
CONNECTED WITH LAMPS AND BURNERS, AND AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
LIGHTING LAMPS."
Sealed the 26th June 1866, and dated the 1st May 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Hugh Hughes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st May 1866.
I, RICHARD HUGH HUGHES, of 96, Hatton Garden, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR CONNECTED WITH LAMPS AND BURNERS, AND AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
LIGHTING LAMPS," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention is for the object of avoiding the danger
which at present exists from the breaking, through heat or otherwise, of the
glass of globe and other lamps at railway stations and other places. This part
of my Invention consists in surrounding the glass with wirework, so that
should the glass break the pieces are prevented falling. I suspend the wire-
work with the glass inside from a support composed of three or more arms
hinged. so that they contract when an opening in the upper part of the
wirework is being passed over them, and fall and open out when the opening
has passed over them, and thereby suspend the wirework.
The second part of my Invention consists in the employment in connection

page_text: with burners of a beating chamber through which the gas is made to pass, and
by which it is heated before reaching the burner. This heating chamber may
be placed at any convenient part, for example, above the chimney, so that the
chamber is made hot by the products of combustion from the burner; or a
channel may be formed round the lower part of the burner, through which
the gas passes before reaching the burner. This channel becomes hot and
thereby heats the gas before it arrives at the burner.
The third part of my Invention consists in making "tops" or covers for
gas and other lamps of wire gauze, which has been tinned after the gauze
has been woven; the tinning of the gauze dispenses with the necessity of
employing a metal ring round the edges of gauze "tops" to keep them in
shape. The tinned wire gauze tops may be cut to any desired ornamental
shape or form, and I adapt them to any sized globes or chimneys by means
of three or more small pins or screws passed through the gauze so as to rest
upon the globe.
The fourth part of my Invention consists of an apparatus to be employed
in lighting lamps. The apparatus consists of a tube, one end of which is
open, while the other end terminates in a small portable gasholder. The
holder is, by preference, capable of expanding, and is filled with gas when
expanded to its fullest capacity. The weight of the apparatus itself tends to
compress the holder, so that the gas is forced through the tube and to the
open end thereof, where it will burn on a light being applied. The tube is
fitted with a cock to stop the flow of gas when required. The portion of the
tube next the open end thereof may be curved or otherwise formed to enable
it to be applied over or under gaseliers or other part required; or this portion
of the tube may have several branches to enable the same apparatus to be
employed for lighting lamps in various situations in theatres and other
buildings; the tube may be formed in one or more pieces.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Hugh Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the s
1st November 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
HUGH HUGHES, of No. 96, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 3
Patent, bearing date the First day of May, in the year of our Lord One

page_text: thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Hugh Hughes, Her special licence that I, the said Richard Hugh
Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Richard Hugh Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR CONNECTED WITH LAMPS AND BURNERS, AND AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
LIGHTING LAMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Richard Hugh Hughes, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Hugh Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thercof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
The first part of my Invention is for the object of avoiding the danger
which at present exists from the breaking, through heat or otherwise, of the
glass of globe and other lamps at railway stations and other places. This part
of my Invention consists in surrounding the glass with wirework, so that
should the glass break the pieces are prevented falling. I suspend the wire-
work with the glass inside from a support composed of three or more arms
hinged, so that they contract when an opening in the upper part of the
wirework is being passed over them, and fall and open out when the opening
has passed over them, and thereby suspend the wirework.
:
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents this part of my
Invention applied to a globe lamp. A is the globe or glass, and B is a frame
of wirework surrounding the glass A, and supporting it as shewn. The upper
end of the wirework is connected to or formed into a ring. C, by which the
wirework containing the glass is suspended from a support D. This support
consists of three or more arms hinged to a ring or flange on the gas pipe E,
so that they contract when the ring C is being passed over them, and fall and
open out into the position shewn when the ring C has passel over them, and.

page_text: thereby suspend the wirework as before-mentioned. The wirework B may
be made to open on hinges or otherwise at any convenient part or parts to
enable the globe to be taken out for cleaning or replacing.
The second part of my Invention consists in the construction and employ-
ment in connection with burners of a heating chamber, through which the
gas is made to pass, and by which it is heated before reaching the burner.
This heating chamber may be placed at any convenient part, for example,
above the chimney, so that the chamber is made hot by the products of com-
bustion from the burner; or a channel may be formed round the lower part
of the burner, through which the gas passes before reaching the burner. This
channel becomes hot and thereby heats the gas before it arrives at the burner.
Figure 2 represents this part of my Invention applied to an argand burner.
A is the burner, and B the chimney; above the chimney is a heating chamber
in the form of a ball C. The gas enters the chamber C by the pipe D, and
the chamber being made hot by the products of combustion from the burner A,
which pass up the chimney B, the gas issues from the chamber C in a heated
state, and passes by the pipe E to the burner. The pipes D and E are con-
nected at the bottom by a non-communication piece F. Figure 3 shews a
heating chamber in the form of a channel G round the lower part of a
burner A, through which channel the gas from the pipe D passes and becomes
heated before reaching the burner.
The third part of my Invention consists in making "tops" or covers for
gas and other lamps of wire gauze which has been tinned or galvanized after
the gauze has been woven; the tinning or galvanizing of the gauze dis-
penses with the necessity of employing a metal ring round the edges of gauze
"tops" to keep them in shape. These tinned or galvanized wire gauze tops
may be cut to any desired ornamental shape or form, and I adapt them to
any sized globes or chimneys by means of three or more small pins or screws
passed through the gauze so as to rest upon the globe.
Figure 4 represents one of these wire gauze tops. H, H, H, are three small
pins or screws, which pass through the gauze for the purpose just mentioned;
their position or distance from the centre being regulated by the size of the
globe or chimney to which they are to be fitted.
The fourth part of my Invention consists of an apparatus to be employed
in lighting lamps. The apparatus consists of a tube, one end of which is open,
while the other end terminates in a small portable gasholder. The holder is,
by preference, capable of expanding, and is filled with gas when expanded to
its fullest capacity. The weight of the apparatus itself tends to compress
the holder, so that the gas is forced through the tube and the open end

page_text: thereof, where it will burn on a light being applied. The tube is fitted with a
cock to stop the flow of gas when required. The portion of the tube next the
open end thereof may be curved or otherwise formed to enable it to be
applied over or under gasaliers or other part required; or this portion of the
tube may have several branches to enable the same apparatus to be employed
for lighting lamps in various situations in theatres and other buildings. The
tube may be formed in one or more pieces.
Figure 5 represents one of my apparatus for lighting lamps. A is the flexible
or expanding portable gasholder, shewn as expanded to its full extent; this
holder is weighted at the top and is free to slide within guide pieces B, B',
one of which, B, is a tube, and is in communication at bottom with the interior
of the holder A, while at the top it terminates in or is connected to a collar C.
From the top of the collar C I carry a tube D, which communicates with the
tube B by a channel in the collar; the tube D is fitted with a cock E, and
may be of any length and form, or have several branches according to require-
ment; G is a gas tube fitted with a cock F, and opening at one end into the
bottom of the gasholder A, while the other end is connected with any con-
venient source of gas when the holder A is to be filled.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First, surrounding the glass of globe and other lamps with wirework
suspended with the glass inside, substantially in the manner and for the
purpose herein-before described and represented in Figure 1 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Second, the construction and employment in connection with gas burners of
a heating chamber through which the gas is made to pass, and by which it is
heated before reaching the burner.
Third, the construction and employment of a heating chamber above the
chimney of gas burners, substantially as herein-before described and represented
in Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth, the construction and employment of a heating chamber in the form
of a channel round the lower part of gas burners, substantially as berein-before
described and represented in Figure 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fifth, making "tops" or covers for gas and other lamps of wire gauze
which has been tinned or galvanized after the gauze has been woven.
Sixth, the employment of three or more pins or screws passed through wire
gauze tops or covers for gas and other lamps, so as to rest upon the globe or
chimney; the distance of such pins or screws from the centre of the top or
cover being regulated according to the size of the globe or chimney.

page_text: Seventh, the portable apparatus to be employed in lighting lamps con-
structed substantially as herein-before described and represented in Figure 5
of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Hugh Hughes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of October, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-six.
· RICH³. HUGH HUGHES. (L.S.)
RICHP. HUGH HUGHES. (L.S.)