Bearings of the Axles of Vehicles.
Year: 1885

page_text: Bearings of the Axles of Vehicles.
We HENRY WEATHERILL of 33 Beech Street, Cheetham, Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Commercial Traveller, and WILLIAM PETTINGER WEST
WEATHERILL of the same place, Coach Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
ADJUSTING THE BEARINGS OF THE AXIES OF VEHICLES
OF AND MEANS FOR
to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the hub bearings of the axles of carriages and vehicles
and consists of means for adjusting the wearing parts of the said bearings so as to
lessen the tendency to endwise movement and to rattling of the parts. When
applying our invention to a mail axle we interpose springs or a spring or an
elastic washer or elastic washers between the back plate and the hub so that the
plate is held firmly against the adjusting nuts. In one arrangement helical springs
are placed over the bolts or studs which project from the hub and pass through the
back plate the said springs being interposed between the plate and the hub so that
when the nuts are screwed up the springs are compressed between the plate and
the hub. Upon the block plate is formed a boss which enters the recess in the
An elastic ring
hub and between this boss and the axle collar we apply a washer.
or packing is employed to prevent the escape of oil through the space between the
back plate and the hub. The shake can be taken up at any time by simply
We may use elastic washers or any
screwing up the nuts to the required extent,
other suitable forin of spring in lieu of the helical springs. In some cases we
arrange for the axle collar to project from the recess in the bearing in which cases
ordinary back plates may be used. In the cases of so termed "Collinge " axles
we interpose the spring between the shoulder near the axle end and the "collet"
or the back of a nut or screwed collar which acts also in place of the ordinary
collet." We form a number of holes in this nut and a slot in the axle and so
that when the nut is adjusted a pin may be passed through the nut and the slot
to maintain the adjustment. To increase the bearing surface we prefer to secure
a ring plate to the hub or bush end the cap screwing to a projection from this
plate.
"

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Means for Adjusting the
Bearings of the Axles of Vehicles.
We HENRY WEATHERILL of 33 Beech Street, Cheetham, Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Commercial Traveller and WILLIAM PETTINGER WEST
WEATHERILL of the same place Coach Maker do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR
ADJUSTING THE BEARINGS OF THE AXLES OF VEHICLES" and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
Our Invention relates to the hub bearings of the axles of carriages and vehicles
and consists of means for adjusting the wearing parts of the said bearings so as
to lessen the tendency to endwise movement and to rattling of the parts. When
applying our Invention to a mail axle we interpose springs or a spring or an elastic
washer or elastic washers between the back plate and the hub so that the plate
is held firmly against the adjusting nuts. In the cases of the so termed "Collinge"
axles we interpose the spring between the shoulder near the axle end and the
"collet" or the back of a nut or screwed collar which acts also in place of the
ordinary "collet." We form a number of holes in this nut and a slot in the axle
end so that when the nut is adjusted a pin may be passed through the nut and
the slot to maintain the adjustment.
Our Invention will be best understood when described with reference to the
accompanying drawings. In the said drawings Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a
wheel hub mounted upon an axle in manner according with our Invention Figs. 2
and 3 representing two of the modifications which may be made therein. In
Fig. 1 a. represents the hub which is drawn in section and b which is also in
section is the metal bush which is bored to revolve upon the axle c. Upon the
axle is formed a collar d as is usual and on each side of this collar is a washer.
Upon the back plate e is a boss e¹ which is turned to enter the bored recess in
which the collar d. and the said washers are seated. This recess is made a little
deeper than usual to receive the outer or back washer.
adjusted when desirable by means of nuts f. upon the ordinary bolts g. Between
The said back plate is
the said back plate and the hub and mounted upon the bolt ends are spiral 3
springs h. which tend to press the back plate outwardly from the hub. When
there is end wise movement of the wheel upon the axle owing to the wearing of the
washers and collar it is only necessary to set up the back plate a suitable degree
closer to the hub by turning the nuts f. The springs by thrusting the back plate
outwardly against the nuts, prevent shake and rattle of the parts and maintain 3
the regulated amount of clearance between the collar d and the washers and also
check the tendency of the nuts to turn. If desirable the said nuts may be locked
by known or suitable means.
or dirt to the springs and parts 1 surround the springs by a shield or ring 2. of
To prevent the escape of oil or the entrance of dust
rubber leather or other elastic or yielding material. The example illustrated by 40
Fig. 2 differs from the foregoing description in that vulcanised caoutchouc i. is

page_text: ubstituted for the metal springs. This material may be in the shape of a wasner
r be in two or more pieces or be made in any suitable forin so long as it will act
s a spring for the purpose of our invention. Fig. 3 illustrates the manner in
which our Invention may be applied to ordinary or existing wheels having ordinary
pack plates formed without the aforesaid boss e¹. In this example the collar d.
projects from the recess in the bush b. and the outer washer j. extends from the
collar to the body of the back plate or, it may be two or more washers may fill
he said space. It will be seen that the back plate can be set up until the said
washer or washers are worn away or nearly so. In this example a caoutchouc
spring is used but metal springs may be used as in the case of Fig. 1. We do not
confine ourselves to the use of spiral springs when the said springs are made of
metal as we may use any suitable formation of spring. Instead of having the
collar d. projecting from the bush as shown in Fig. 3 it might be flush or nearly
flush with the bush end. Fig. 4 illustrates the application of our Invention to
Collinge axles. In this example the "collet" k. is fitted to slide upon the reduced
end of the axle being prevented from revolving thereon and between the said
"collet" and the shoulder l. a spring m is interposed. The "collet" is set up or
This
aljusted by means of a nut n which is secured by means of a lock-nut o.
lock-nut is itself secured by means which will be described when referring to
Figs. 5 and 6. In the last named Figs. c represents the end of an axle and b. the
The said bush is fitted to revolve
end of the bush which revolves upon the same.
between the collar which is formed upon the axle and a nut p. which takes the
place of the ordinary collet. In this nut a number of radial holes are drilled as
seen in Fig. 6 and in the end of the axle a slot is formed as indicated also in Fig. 7.
When the nut has been adjusted to permit the wheel bush to revolve without end-
play a pin r. is passed through one of the holes and through the said slot to keep
the nut from turning and thereby to preserve the adjustment. The ordinary cap
A spring interposed
or a suitable cap prevents the said pin from falling out.
between the shoulder upon the axle and the said nut prevents endwise movement
of the nut and thereby obviates rattling. Fig. 8 illustrates another modification.
In this example a spring is introduced at s. inside the nut.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The combinations of parts substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accompanying drawings.
2. Providing upon the back plate a boss to enter the recess in the hub bush and
interposing a spring or springs between the hub and the back plate substantially
as set forth and indicated with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.
3. In the axles of carriages and vehicles the interposition of springs to prevent
shake in the adjustable parts substantially in the manner set forth and indicated.
4. The wheel hub provided with leather or other washers on both sides of the
axle collar and with an adjustable back plate in combination with a spring or with
springs applied substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
Dated this 10th day of October 1885.