Improved Automatic Fire Extinguishing Apparatus.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Automatic Fire Extinguishing Apparatus.
I, CHARLES EDWARD BUELL, of No. 29, Craig Place, in the Town and Borough
of North Plainfield, County of Somerset, State of New Jersey, United States of
America, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention may be said to consist, primarily, in an improved automatic
sprinkler having a valve, normally closing an otherwise unobstructed outlet, that
is held to its seat by a thermally removable fastening, and, in addition having a
charge of explosive material included in the assembled structure of the sprinkler
that is adapted to remain inert and passive until the sprinkler is subjected to the
heat of a fire, and to then generate a pressure against the movable parts of the
sprinkler.
By this means I am enabled to forcibly remove a valve and the movable parts of
a sprinkler if, from any cause, the said valve and removable parts should have
become adhered, and the sprinkler has failed to become open by the action of heat
on the thermally removable fastening.
My invention further consists in an improved valvular mechanism for use with
automatic sprinkler systems, that is constructed and arranged to make it possible
to exclude water from the pipes of a sprinkler system, and to cause the water to
be automatically turned into the said pipes when any one of a series of sprinklers
melt open; whereby the water can be kept out of sprinkler pipes during freezing
weather until a fire occurs when the water will be turned into the pipes and be
discharged at the open sprinkler by the automatic action of the valvular mechanism
which I have invented.
In one arrangement of the improved automatic sprinkler I employ a fusible
fastening for holding the valve closing the outlet of the sprinkler that consists of
a supporting member and a supported member pivoted thereon and the two members
joined by an easily fusible solder applied along the contacting surfaces, and laying
in two or more planes; the fastening thus constructed being employed as an
oblique support for the valve, it being secured in the structure to hold the valve
to its seat until acted upon by heat when the fusible fastening gives way allowing
the valve to be removed from covering the outlet, and the water discharged from
the opened sprinkler is deflected and spread by a splash plate, or spreader, secured
in front of the nozzle.
A spring is desirable as a part of the assembled sprinkler for giving a thrust
to the released fastening, and to the valve, and the spring is preferably located
beneath the valve to lift the valve, and with it the fusible fastening resting upon
the relve

page_text: The valve should move without friction, and be adapted to avoid adhesion during
the lapse of time that the sprinklers are awaiting to be called into action by the
heat of a fire.
In one arrangement of the explosive charge I locate an easily fired cartridge
beneath the valve, and when a degree of temperature is reached which will set
off the same there is generated a great pressure which lifts the valve from its
seat, forcibly opening the sprinkler.
It is desirable that the sprinkler shall become open when the fusible fastening
is released by heat, and without firing the explosive charge. If, however, the
sprinkler fails to open when the temperature is reached at which the fusible fasten-
ing would melt, and the movable parts would be discharged, if the sprinkler was
new, then, with a slight increase of the temperature, the explosive is fired, and the
forcible removal of the movable parts takes place.
"
The charge used for forcing open the sprinkler can be in the form of a so called
Flobert" blank cartridge that is adapted to go at a desired temperature by being
charged with an easily fired fulminate, to which gun powder, or other like
explosive can be added, if desired.
Various mechanical devices can be employed to hasten the firing of the
explosive, one such being constructed with a stiff spring held under tension by a
solder which can be made to melt, and to release the spring, at a desired tempera-
ture, and by friction, and percussion, cause a primer, that is in communication
with the explosive, to be set off.
Phosphorous compounds, and chemical primers, that are easily set off by heat
can be uncovered to the atmosphere and fired in a manner to cause the explosive
charge to be fired.
It is obvious that the details of the devices used can be varied in several particu-
lars without departing from my invention, and the results described be
accomplished.
One way in which I may construct my improved valvular mechanism to be used
with the sprinkler already described, for automatically turning water into the
sprinkler pipes when a fire has opened a sprinkler, is to employ a valve within a
casing that is located in the waterway between the source of water supply and the
main riser of a sprinkler system, the said valve being held to its seat by entrapped
water let into a separated casing from that already mentioned and acting upon a
second valve surface of larger area that is joined to the first named valve.
A vent is provided for the casing containing the second valve, and this vent is
held normally closed by an apparatus that acts to close the vent when there is a
pressure of air in the pipes of the system, and to open the said vent when the
pressure of air in the pipes is allowed to be discharged by the opening of a
sprinkler.
Water is admitted to the casing containing the second valve through a pipe that
connects with the supply main, and that is provided with a cock for controlling
the flow of the water through said pipe.
A valve adapted to be turned by hand is placed in the supply main, and another
in the main riser, affording means for closing and opening the waterway between
the source of supply and the sprinklers, by hand manipulation, and in addition to
the automatically operated valvular mechanism.
The pipe which connects the casing containing the second valve with the supply
main is placed between the hand turned valve in the supply main, and the source
of water supply. This location of the connection of this pipe with the supply
main is of practical consequence.
By means of the construction, arrangement, and mode of operation, of the several
parts of the valvular mechanism it can be tested without an escape of the air in
the pipes of the system, or the admission of water to the system; an advantage i
practical consequence.
Connections are provided from the main riser to an air pump, and alarm devices

page_text: are provided for indicating when any one of a series of sprinklers has opened, and
for denoting the location of the opened sprinkler.
Dated this 17th day of May 1897.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents for the Applican
Improved Automatic Fire Extinguishing Apparatus.
I, CHARLES EDWARD BUELL, of No. 29, Craig Place, in the County and Borough
of North Plainfield, County of Somerset, State of New Jersey, United States of
America, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: -
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for extinguishing fires
automatically, and for operating alarm mechanism by means of the fire extinguish-
ing apparatus when a fire takes place.
My invention consists in the combination with an automatic fire extinguishing
apparatus, and as a part thereof, of a sprinkler having a valve held to normally
close its outlet by a fusible fastening, and in addition having a charge of explosive
material included in the assembled structure of the sprinkler that is adapted to be
fired by heat at a temperature slightly higher than that which is necessary to
release the fusible fastening, and to generate a pressure for forcing the sprinkler
open, if for any cause, it should have failed to open when the fusible fastening is
heated to its melting point.
My invention further consists in the combination with an automatic fire
extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, of a valve mechanism that is
arranged to control the water supply to a sprinkler system by the means herein-
after described, and to make operative an alarm mechanism when a sprinkler opens
by heat, and to transmit the alarm to a remote station, and, to give an independent
alarm if the main valve is turned from the position of being fully open.
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings relate to various ways of con-
structing sprinklers for combining an explosive or expanding feature with a
soldered fastening. Figures 10 and 11 relate to the valve mechanism and alarm
apparatus.
In Figure 1 there is shown an automatic sprinkler having the outlet n of the
waterway of the sprinkler closed by a valve V placed over the said outlet and held
to its seat by a fusible fastening in a manner to admit of the said valve leaving its
seat without friction when the said fusible fastening shall be discharged by the
action of heat. The fusible fastening is made to press upon the valve V by
the screw s, which runs in the spreader S. A metal ball b is shown between the
screws and the fusible fastening F for accelerating the discharge of the melted
fastening F.
The valve V can be of metal, and is shown seated upon a nozzle n which consists
of a chambered nozzle that contains an explosive charge, as gun powder, and
which is covered by the valve V in such a manner that the firing of the powder
will generate a pressure against the valve to lift the valve, and to discharge the
valve and the fusible fastening also, if the fastening has failed to properly release
when heated to its melting point, or the valve shall have become adhered to its seat
by corrosion, or from any cause.

page_text: To accomplish the intended result the sprinkler is provided with a fusible fasten-
ing which, in its normal operation, will be melted and discharged before the
temperature necessary to fire the explosive charge has been reached, and with the
release of the fusible fastening the valve V should be discharged and the sprinkler
become open without the bringing into action of the reserve force contained in the
explosive. If, however, the valve V is not discharged at the melting point of
the fusible fastening the increase of temperature which will follow, will cause the
powder to be fired and to generate a well directed and irresistible pressure against
the valve V, forcing the valve from its seat, and opening the sprinkler.
To provide for the firing of the powder in chamber C at such a temperature as
will be desirable, I make use of a primer-like arrangement by using the caps e e
that contain a fulminate, or easily ignited compound, and which are in communi-
cation with the powder, and when set on fire will fire the powder. These caps are
a ranged to exclude their contents from the surrounding atmosphere, and are
preferably copper shells containing an easily exploded fulminate.
The chamber C is shown resting upon a diaphram & which is of elastic material,
and which serves as a spring for giving a thrust to the released parts.
In the view of the detail S¹ there is shown a spring held in a compressed form by
an easily fused solder, and adapted to be put in the cap a e to cause a sudden blow,
motion, or shock, in and upon the heated fulminate, for hastening its explosion;
the melting of the solder allowing the spring to expand against the contents of
the cap
The fusible fastening F consists of a supporting member 1, and a supported
member 2 pivoted thereon and folding around the deflected portion of the first
named member, and the two members thus arranged being soldered together along
their contacting surfaces. This affords a strut, or fastening in which the supported
member is out of perpendicular line with the longitudinal axis of the supporting
member, and a leverage is thereby embodied in the joined members which causes
the separation of the members when the solder is melted.
Figure 2 shows another arrangement for accomplishing the result gained by
the devices shown in Figure 1, and described. The valve V is shown consisting
of struck up metal having a contents Vc as a block of wood soaked in paraffine,
or like material, and a facing of mica, and paraffined paper. The metal part V has
a connected strip E to which is soldered the pivoted piece p that rests in a groove
in valve V to one side of its center, and the structure thus formed is forced down
to close the outlet n of the sprinkler by the force of the screws upon the post P
that rests in the groove g of the piece p at the part which forms the short arm of
the lever of this piece. A. ball of metal b is shown between the screws and the
post P, to accelerate the discharge of the post P; when the piece 2 tilts, as will
occur if the solder which joins piece p to the strip E is melted.
This form of fusible fastening possesses advantages over known forms in that
it is readily insulated from the chill of the metal of the sprinkler, and is readily
protected from accidental blows by being sheltered under the arm a of the sprinkler,
and can be made more sensitive to heat, and quicker to act by heat, than known
forms of fusible fastenings.
In the strip E of valve V there is shown the cartridge C¹ consisting of a metal
shell of a not easily corroded metal with an easily fired fulminate charge, a wad w
over the charge, and a plug of wood wd that has been soaked in melted paraffine to
close the cartridge or cap C. This cap rests upon the body of the sprinkler, and
when fired, lifts the valve V, the plug of wood giving a desirable lifting power
to the explosive.
In Figure 3 there is shown a primer for the explosive in chamber C which makes
it possible to fire the contents of the said chamber at a low temperature, as com-
pared with the firing point of ordinary fulminates. This primer consists of a
glass, or other suitable bulb g having a tube t filled with a material which ignites
by contact with an acid,-as chlorate of potash, and sugar, and the tube is sealed

page_text: with paraffine and surrounded by sulphuric acid. The contents of the tube com-
municates with the charge in chamber C and the bulb g is supported upon the
projecting strip E; when heated the paraffine melts allowing the acid to fire the
contents of the tube and thereby, the charge in chamber C.
By this arrangement the explosive charge in sprinklers can be made to go off at
the melting point of the seal of paraffine on tube t, and the melting point of the
said seal can be varied by the employing of differing grades of paraffine; or other
than an acid and chlorate compound be used, and a fusible partition can be formed
between phosphorous and any of the agents that fire phosphorous, by employing
various mixtures of paraffine and gums, or, by using waxes, etc. Any of the many
substances and compounds that ignite and explode when heated in the presence of
or in contact with other substances, can be thus made use of, and a primer can be
provided for firing charges of explosives in an automatic sprinkler.
Figure 4 shows a sprinkler having its explosive charge in the chamber Cadapted
to be set off by the friction primer f p, which is caused to act by the release of
spring s² that is normally soldered to the sprinkler by the insulated fusible catch f c.
When the catch fc is discharged by the melting of the solder, the wire fw which
enters chamber and forms part of the friction primer f p is suddenly pulled out-
wards, this fires the friction primer f p in a manner similar to the firing of friction
primers used with cannon. By employing solders of varying melting points a
variety of firing points for the explosive in chamber C can be provided.
ordinary primer powders when heated, will go off by slight friction suddenly
applied, and the formula for solders are known to those skilled in the art to which
this device relates.
The
Figure 5 shows a sprinkler such as shown in previous figures, with a percussion
primer for the explosive charge in chamber C. This device consists of a spring
actuated hammer h normally held to strike the percussion powder ? ? which is
in communication with the charge in chamber C. The spring s tends to produce
percussion upon the said percussion primer when the said hammer is released by
the melting of the solder which is at x, for holding it retained in the position
shown.
Figure 6 shows a sprinkler having a glass valve gv resting upon a diaphram d
and held to its seat by the fusible support F. A cartridge block C² holds a small
cartridge C which is adapted to be fired at a slightly higher temperature than
that required to melt the fastening F, and when made operative will force the glass
valve from its seat, if, from any cause, it has become adhered thereto. Instead
of employing the block C³ the lever carrying a cartridge, or cap, similar to the
one used in connection with Figure 2 can be placed to lift such glass valve by
the action of the explosive contents of the cap. This accomplished by placing the
valve into the hole in the lever so that the lever will rest on the diaphram, and
upon the body of the sprinkler with the cap upon the sprinkler body, as previously
described in connection with Figure 2.
The valve
Figure 7 shows a sprinkler like that shown previously,--with the valve V held
to its seat by the fastening F, and with a cap C in the projection E.
in this instance, however, comprises an expanding material, as paraffine, at p f
which is adapted to be expanded by heat to generate a pressure in the assembled
structure that gives a thrust to the released fastening F thereby combining in the
same device a thermally expanded member, a fusible member, and, an explosive
charge. Referring to Figure 5 again, there is shown in this sprinkler, in dotted
lines, the expanding feature, in the form of a shell filled with paraffine in the
chamber C and adapted to exert a pressure to lift the valve V and the fastening F
when acted upon by heat; so as to give a thrust to the released fastening, and to
lift the said valve V.
In connection with Figure 2 there is shown a detail of post P in which that
member is made up of a tube P₁ having a contents of paraffine p f, and with the
post P proper, inserted as a piston in the tube P¹, with such a post in the assembled

page_text: sprinkler, the action of heat causes the post to elongate, or to tend to elongate, and
a pressure is produced which gives a thrust on the fusible fastening when the same
is released, causing quick action of the released parts, and a better opening of the
sprinkler.
Figure 8 shows a sprinkler with a fusible fastening F normally supporting the
valve V and a chamber C containing an explosive charge, and an insulated
wire in contact with the charge in chamber C and adapted to be connected
to the outside circuit wire W by the melting of the drop of solder Sd at r which
by becoming fluid, runs down connecting the insulated wire with the charged
outside wire W causing the smaller wire i w to become heated, and to set off the
charge of explosive in chamber C. The said smaller wire i w being connected
electrically with the body of the sprinkler, and through that, with the pipes of the
sprinkler system, and the larger wire W being also connected to the pipes, the
connecting of the wire W with the pipes through wire i w causes the heating of,
lastnamed wire, as explained.
Figure 9 shows a sprinkler device consisting of a body B with two outlets B¹ 132
each closed by a suitable means to be removed by heat, and forming a device which
can be joined to a sprinkler pipe as a single sprinkler would be so joined.
In the first instance the outlet B¹ is closed by valve V held to its seat by the
fusible fastening F, and the outlet 12 is closed by being stoppered with a mass
of ignitable and explosive material that is adapted to be set off at a desired tem-
perature and to open the waterway, and outlet B² if for any cause, outlet B¹ has
failed to be properly opened.
The outlet B2 is tapering to its opening and is stoppered by a mass of gun powder
with a water proof layer between the said powder and the water in the pipes.
The powder is in communication with a primer of easily ignited phosphorous, or
phosphorous compound, that is embedded in a seal of suitable material which will
exclude. the air from, the primer, and which will melt and run out of the mouth of
the outlet, or waterway when heated, and then expose the primer to the heated
air to cause it to ignite, and to set off the powder, which suddenly burns, opening
the way for the discharge of water.
A fulminate cap can be placed with the ignitable primer, and a layer of more
quickly fired explosive can be placed between the primers and the stopper of
powder.
To more fully admit of the discharge of the melted seal of the primer when the
sprinkler is used so as to place the outlet B2 in the position the reverse of pendent,
as shown, a hole or cut, can be made in the edge of the outlet, or mouth, of the
sprinkler through which the melted material can run out.
.
A seal of paraffine can be employed, or a primer of phosphorous, coated with
paraffine, and embedded in a fusible mass of wax, or paraffine and resin, can be
used, and a melting point be had to meet varying conditions.
Figure 9 shows a form of device in which the outlet is stoppered with a metallic
cartridge C, fitted into the waterway, and scaled therein by the seal of paraffine pf.
The cartridge C¹ is seated upon the bar and there is no tendency to expulsion
by water pressure. An easily exploded contents in the cartridge Ci acts to expel
the said cartridge when acted on by heat, and the seal pf prevents the corrosion
of the cartridge from vapours in the surrounding atmosphere.
Figure 9 shows still another form of sprinkler outlet closing device which con-
sists of a valve V held to its seat by a tube of glass in which a cartridge C is
inserted and held from being expelled, by the form of the spreader S. The firing of
the cartridge C¹ shatters the tube of glass g¹ releasing the valve V and opening
the sprinkler.
The devices of Figures 9 and 9* are adapted to be used in place of the outlet B²
of Figure 9, and are designed as modifications of such outlet stopper as is there
disclosed.
Figure 10 shows a valvular mechanism for use with a sprinkler system, together
with means for indicating and announcing the opening of the sprinkler, and

page_text: sending the alarm caused by the opening of a sprinkler to a central telephone
office over the line which is placed in the building for oral communication.
M is a main supply pipe leading from a source of water supply and R is a main
riser pipe of a sprinkler system from which a sprinkler pipe s p is shown connected
and having sprinklers SS attached. Between the main supply valve and the
main riser there is shown a dry pipe valve D with a valve VI normally closing the
waterway between the supply valve S V and the riser R. This valve V₁ is held
to its seat by pressure in the casing H which casing is filled with entrapped water
entering through the pipe m and covering the plate valve V2 which is of larger area
There is a vent
than the valve V₁, thereby holding valve V₁ firmly to its seat.
at J which is held normally closed by the diaphram & in the casing H', which
casing has connection to the main riser R. An air compressing pump A P is
connected to the main riser R and fills the system with air under slight pressure
which holds the diaphram in casing H¹ to close the vent J to restrain the water in
casing H. When one of the sprinklers S³ opens the air pressure in the system is
destroyed and the vent J opens allowing the entrapped water to vent, when the
valve V2 is lifted and the entire body of water in casing H pours out through the
large opening caused by the lifting of valve V and the valve V is lifted and opens
the waterway admitting water to the sprinkler system which in its passage lifts
the flap valve F V which operates the circuit at ww or the lowering of pressure
due to the escape of air in the system when the sprinkler opens causes an alarm
by the pressure gauge G the index hand of which turns back into contact with
an insulated stop closing the transmitter circuit of the telephone apparatus T
bringing into operation the induction apparatus I C which sends out a continuously
interrupted current of pulsations that will throw down the annunciator drop at
the central station, and will cause a distinct series of sounds in the telephone when
the same is held to the ear, thereby indicating to the operator that a fire has
occurred, as the current transmitted by this means is different in character from
that employed for calling up for oral communication.
An alarm attachment is also shown in connection with the main supply valve SV
whereby the turning of the said valve from a position of fully open to admit
water to the system will make an alarm operative at the office of the building, and
notify the owners that the said valve is not in proper condition. This arrange-
ment consists in the means for opening the drip when the valve V³ is lifted to
partly close the waterway through the valve SV the lowering of pressure in the
valve D causes the retracting of the index hand in the gauge at the office G¹ and
the closing of the local circuit which includes the notifying alarm apparatus a b.
An escape valve is shown at er for relieving the system of an over pressure of
air, and is intended to be closed by a float ball (not shown) when the water enters
the pipes of the system.
In Figure 11 there is shown a portion of a valve, that part by which the valve
is turned, the said part being marked Y. Upon the rim of the wheel like handle
is secured an insulation upon which rests a spring s when the valve is turned to
the position of fully open, electric connections are made from the said spring,
and its contacting piece s for normally closing said electric circuit; when the
valve is turned from the position of open the spring is allowed to retract from
the position as shown, and to break contact with the pieces and make operative
the circuit for giving an alarm. This apparatus may be used in place of the
valve alarm apparatus shown in Figure 10, and described; the advantage of this
form being that it can be placed upon valves already in use by the addition of
a hard rubber, or like insulating contact stop.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
-
First; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a

page_text: sprinkler having a valve normally closing its outlet that is held to its seat by a
fusible fastening adapted to be released by heat, and an explosive and expanding
material located in the sprinkler structure that is adapted to generate a pressure
for dislodging and removing the removable parts of the device, when acted upon
by a temperature higher than that which is required to discharge the fusible
fastening when the same is new.
Second; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
sprinkler comprising a valve closing its outlet a fusible fastening holding the said
valve to its seat, and an explosive and expanding material in the structure, as a
reserve force, for generating a pressure against the removable parts of the sprinkler
when subjected to the heat.
Third; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
sprinkler having a valve held to close its outlet by a fusible fastening, and a charge
of explosive material included in the structure of the sprinkler that is adapted to
generate a pressure for discharging the removable parts of the device when acted
upon by heat.
Fourth; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
sprinkler device comprising one or more outlets, a fusible fastening adapted to
hold the device closed till it is acted upon by heat, and a charge of explosive
material closing an outlet, and an ignitable primer for the said explosive.
Fifth; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
device for closing a sprinkler outlet which comprises a tapered waterway stoppered
by a mass of ignitable material, and a primer therefor that is embedded in a non-
metallic fusible material.
Sixth In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
thermal release for sprinklers comprising a pivoted member soldered to the valve
portion of the sprinkler, and means for applying pressure upon the short arm of
the pivoted member at a point out of the line of perpendicular with the pivot of
said member.
Seventh; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
thermal release for sprinklers comprising a pivoted piece soldered to the valve
portion of the sprinkler, a post, or member, resting upon the short arm of the
pivoted piece, and means for applying adjustable pressure for holding the valve
to its seat through the intermediate pressure upon the post and pivoted piece.
Eighth In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
thermal release comprising a pivoted piece with its long arm soldered to the valve
portion of a sprinkler and its pivoted member resting upon the valve portion at
one side of the center of the valve, means for exerting pressure upon the short arm
of the pivoted piece for forcing the valve to its seat, and a ball in the assembled
device for accelerating the discharge of the released parts when the same are
unsoldered.
Ninth; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
sprinkler having its valve held to its seat by a fusible fastening comprising a
pivoted member secured to the valve portion by solder, and a cartridge in the
device thus formed, and means for forcing the valve to its seat that is adapted to
tilt the pivoted member when the same is released by heat, and a ball in the device
for accelerating the discharge of the fusible fastening when released.
Tenth; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof, a
sprinkler device having an unobstructed outlet with a valve closing the same that
is held to its seat by a thermal release, an independent outlet stoppered by a mass
of ignitable material, and a primer for the same that is excluded from the atmo-
sphere, and means for connecting the said device to a pipe.
Eleventh In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof,
the combination with the pipes of the system of a series of sprinklers and a valve
mechanism that is adapted to be made operative by hand, the said valve mechanism
being provided with connections to an alarm apparatus which, in its normal

page_text: operation, produces an alarm signal when the said valve is turned from the position
of being fully open for the admission of water to the sprinkler pipes.
Twelfth In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof,
an alarm mechanism having connections to the valve portion of the said apparatus,
and adapted to be made operative by the opening of any one of a series of sprinklers
of the system, the said alarm mechanism being included in a telephone line and
adapted to transmit alarm signals to the central telephone office that are different
in character from the ordinary telephone call signals.
Thirteenth In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof,
an alarm apparatus adapted to be made operative by the heat of a fire and having
connection to a telephone line and adapted to transmit currents thereon which are
different in character from the ordinary call signal currents used thereon.
Fourteenth; A main supply valve of an automatic fire extinguisher apparatus
having connections to an alarm mechanism that is adapted to be made operative
by the turning of said valve from the position of fully open.
Fifteenth; In an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, and as a part thereof,
a dry pipe valve comprising a valve in the waterway between the source of water
supply and the sprinklers of a system, a casing containing a holding valve which
is joined to the first named valve and that is held to close the waterway by the
pressure of entrapped water in the casing, a vent for said casing having connection
to the main riser of the system, and adapted to be held normally closed by pressure
in the pipes, and inlet for said casing having connection to the supply main
between the source of supply and the main supply valve.
T1
11 Ja of Wahmone 1808
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents for the Applicant.