Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 9th Apr., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, GEORGE SIMPSON STRONG, of 45 Broadway, City, County, and State of
New York, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
my invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the construction of boilers and especially the type of
boilers known as locomotive boilers, my object being to provide a boiler of great
strength and durability and which, among other advantageous features, can be
shaped to embrace a fire-box having a very large grate area. The nature of my
improvements will be best understood as described in connection with the drawings
in which they are illustrated and in which,
Figure 1 is an end view of a locomotive boiler having my improvements partly
shown in cross-section on the line 1-2 of Figure 3.
Figure 2 a cross-sectional end view the part to the right being taken on the
section line 3-4 of Figure 3, and the part to the left on the section line 5-6 of
Figure 3.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the boiler in which, however,
certain details of construction which are omitted on account of the small scale of the
drawings, such details being shown in other figures.
Figure 4 is a view on an enlarged scale taken on the same sectional-line as
Figure 3 but showing only a part of the boiler shown in Figure 3 but that part in
more detail.
Figure 5 is a plan view on an enlarged scale taken on a section-line 11-12 of
Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 7-8 of Figure 1.
Figure 7 a sectional view on the line 9-10 of Figure 1.
Figure 8 illustrating a modification of the construction shown in Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a section on the line 13-14 of Figure 4.
Figure 10 a perspective view of the end of the caulking-piece of the end M².
Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the crown-sheet of the fire-box taken, the
part to the left on the line 15-16 and the part to the right on the line 17-18 of
Figure 13.
Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the crown-sheet on the
line 19-20 of Figure 11.
Figure 13 a similar view taken on the line 21-22 of Figure 11.
Figure 14 a similar view taken on the line 23-24 of Figure 11.
Figure 15 a similar view taken on the line 25-26 of Figure 11.
Figure 16 is a cross-section through the side sheet of the fire-box taken on the
line 27-28 of Figure 18.
Figure 17 a similar section taken on the line 29-30 of Figure 18.
Figure 18 a view showing a part of the side sheet taken on the section-line 31-32
of Figure 16; and
Figure 19 a cross-sectional view showing a modified form of fire-box.
A is the boiler; B the top plate of what in locomotive boilers is called the
wagon-top; B'B' the side plates extending down from the wagon-top on each side
of the fire-box; C is the steam dome which, as shown, extends upward from the
wagon-top but which might of course be formed on the barrel of the boiler; D¹ is
the fire-box a modified form of which is shown at Fig. 19; D the grate; E one of
the fire-box doors; F the tube-sheet extending from the end of the fire-box and
through which pass the tubes G of the boiler; H H, &c., are a series of braces
bolted on each side of the wagon-top to angle-irons I said angle-irons being rivetted

page_text: to the side of the wagon-top over the seams between the plates B and B which are
greatly strengthened thereby and being fastened to the bars H by the bolts 1' and 12.
J is the crown-sheet of the fire-box; it is made preferably of an arched cross-section
and with deep transverse corrugations merged into outwardly-extending flanges.¹
at the sides, and upwardly-extending flanges J and J are formed at the ends of
the crown-sheet; these flanges being, in effect, continuations of the flanges J'as
indicated at J and J. The flange J is united with the end plate L of the fire-box
by means of an Adamson seam of which M indicates the caulking piece interposed
between the two plates secured together. The tube-sheet F is secured to the plate L
by a lap-joint as shown. The front flange J³ of the crown-sheet forins an Adamson
seam with the end plate N, N' indicating the caulking piece between the flange and
plate. O are the side plates of the fire-box; these plates are corrugated to
correspond with the corrugations of the crown-sheet, the corrugations merging at
the top into an outwardly-projecting flange (1 in form and dimensions made to
correspond with the flange J of the crown-sheet so that the two sheets can be
united by an Adamson seam the caulking-piece of which is shown at M². The side
plates have also flanges O extending out from their back ends by which they are
united to the plate L forming an Adamson seam with said plate, the caulking-piece M
containing between the flange O2 and the plate L. Corresponding flanges formed
on the front ends of the side plates form an Adamson seam with the plate N. These
end flanges O2 and O' are in effect continuations of the flange O uniting with it as
shown at O* and O. One, preferably the inner set of corrugations or folds in the
side plates, are made flat as shown at Os for a purpose to be hereinafter described
and the corrugations of the side plate merges at its bottom so that the bottom edge
of the plate O be straight and flat; this bottom edge lies along and is rivetted to
the mud ring P. The plates L' and N are also rivetted to the mud ring P and the
mud ring is recessed in its corners as shown at P¹ Figure 5, this notch receiving
the Adamson seam formed between the side plates of the fire-box and the two end
plates thereof in the manner illustrated in the two figures above referred to-the
portions of the flanges and caulking-piece which extend into the notch P¹ being
indicated by the letters o³ and m³. This plan of uniting the mud ring and plates is
one which insures great strength and stability of construction. On the flanging of
the corrugated crown and side sheets of the fire-box forming the seams in the
manner described enables the parts to be united with great firmness and strength
and enables me to use Adamson seams which are not likely to be burned out in all
places where such burning would take place with lap seams.
When the fire-box is flared out as shown in Figures 1 and 2 in order to make
room for a large grate area it is desirable that the top of the fire-box should be
supported against the strains which tend to collapse it and this support I provide
in the manner I will now describe. Angle-irons Q placed back to back are rivetted
to the top or wagon-top of the boiler so that their outwardly-extending flanges will
be in line with inward folds of the corrugated top sheet of the fire-box; and upon
bolts Q'passed through the angle-irons Qand also the bolt I pass through the angle-
iron I which lies in the same plane with the angle-iron Q, I-secure links R R R*
the lower ends of which are secured on pins or stay-bolts S S S which pass through
the sides of the inward fold and are rivetted on the inside of the crown sheet as
indicated at S¹ Fig. 7. Preferably a pair of links are used in each case one passing
on each side of the tie-rod H as shown in Figures 4, 6 and 7. The use of tie-rods
extending from the top of the boiler to the top of the crown-sheet is, I am aware,
not new with me but the plan of securing these tie-rods which I have described and
shown is novel in several respects and possesses I believe material advantages.
Fig. 8 shows a modified arrangement for securing the links to the corrugations.
I have already mentioned the Hattening of the portions O' of the side sheets and
will now state that this is done to provide proper bearing and holding surfaces for
a series of stays T having end extensions which pass through holes in the side
sheets of the boiler and fire-box and are rivetted thereon as indicated at T'. By
thus uniting the side sheets of the boiler and fire-box the strength of the corrugated

page_text: side sheets are materially increased and a firm support provided for the corrugated
crown-sheet which rests upon the side sheets.
It will be noticed that by the construction of my fire-box Adamson seams are
brought against the other seams, bolts, or flanges and that one flange, J, for
instance, which constitutes a part of one Adamson seam forms a continuation of the
flange J for instance which forms a part of an Adamson seam intersecting the first
one. Where such intersections occur I provide the caulking-plate of the Adamson
seam with a rivet-extension m' which is continued through the abutting plate and
rivetted thereon as indicated at m³ Figures 4 and 9; and where flanges turn, as
at J and O in the figures referred to, make the caulking-piece with annular
projections m m which fit into the turn of the flange and against the abutting
flange or plate. The strength, compactness and closeness of the seam thus formed
will be readily appreciated.
Referring now to the steam dome C of the boiler I form the upper part of the
dome of a dome-shaped piece U which is drawn into shape by dies much as a
cartridge is drawn. To the edge of the piece U is secured a flange ring U¹
extending over the top sheet of the boiler and another flange ring U' extends
beneath the top of the boiler and alongside of the upwardly-extending annular part
of the ring U. The use of the Hanged ring U which may be called the
strengthening piece in the arrangement shown materially strengthens the joint.
making the union of the dome indeed a point of exceptional strength instead of, as
is now commonly the case, a weak point in the boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First: In a boiler the combination with a corrugated fire-bex, crown-sheet J
having flanges J' at its sides, of the corrugated side-plates O having flanges ()¹ at.
their tops corresponding with flanges J in shape and adapted to form a joint.
therewith as and for the purpose specified.
Second In a boiler the combination with a corrugated fire-box, crown-sheet J
having flanges J at its sides, of the corrugated side plates O having flanges O¹at.
their tops corresponding with flanges J₁ in shape and adapted to form a joint
therewith, the side sheets B₁ of the boiler socket, stays T 1" securing the plates B¹
and O together and the mud ring P secured to the bottom of plates B and O,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Third The mud ring P having notches P¹ at its corners in combination with
the plate or sheet L the side sheet O having a flange O³ arranged to form a seam
with sheet L said plates being secured to the sides of the ring P and their seam
engaged at bottom in notch P¹, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Fourth In a boiler the combination with a corrugated fire-box crown sheet J
having flanges J¹ at its sides of the corrugated side plates O having flanges O¹
at their tops corresponding with flanges in shape and adapted to form a
joint therewith, said side sheets having flattened portions 0 between adjacent
corrugations; the side sheets B¹ of the boiler and stays as T T' securing
portions Os of sheets O to the side sheets B', all substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
Fifth In a boiler the combination of the wagon top B with a fire-box
having a corrugated crown sheet J links as R R¹ attached to the wagon top at
their upper ends and stays S secured to the crown-sheet as described and to which
the lower ends of the links are attached, all substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
Sixth In a boiler the combination of the wagon top B with a fire-box having
a corrugated crown-sheet J, tie-rods H extending from side to side of the boiler,
links as R R attached to the wagon top at their upper ends and extending on each
side of rods H, and stays S secured to the crown-sheet as described and to which

page_text: the lower ends of the links are attached, all substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
.
Seventh In a boiler the combination of the wagon top B with a fire-box having
a corrugated crown-sheet J, tie-rods H extending from side to side of the boiler
and through corrugations of sheet J, links as R R attached to the wagon top at
their upper ends and extending on each side of rods H, and stays S secured to the
crown sheet as described and to which the lower ends of the links are attached, all
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
:
Eighth In a boiler the combination of the wagon top B with a fire-box having
a corrugated crown-sheet J, angle irons Q rivetted to the inside of the wagon top
ou each side thereof, links R R pivotally attached to the angle irons and stays S
secured across corrugations of the crown-sheet and to which the links are secured,
all substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Ninth In a boiler the combination of an Adamson seam uniting two plates, a
flange against which the seam abuts and a rivet extension m' of the caulking piece
extending through and rivetted against the flange.
Tenth: In a boiler the combination of three plates two of which are flanged at
sides and edges to form Adamson seams with each other and with the third plate
of a caulking piece situated between the flanges having wedge-shaped exten-
sions mm adapted to fill the spaces where the abutting flanges turn to fit
against the third sheet, and a rivet extension m' extending through the seam of
said third plate.
Eleventh: In a boiler the combination of the corrugated crown and side
sheets JOO united by Adamson seams as described with the end plate L secured
to said crown and side sheets by similar seams.
Twelfth In a boiler the combination of the boiler shell B with a flanged
ring U rivetted around an opening in the wagon-top and on the outside thereof;
a flanged ring U rivetted inside the wagon-top and to the upwardly-extending
portion of ring U¹ and the dome-shaped top piece U rivetted to ring U₁ as
described.
Dated this 29th day of December 1891
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.