IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES, FIRE BARS, HOT-AIR GENERATORS, AND FLUES
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
CHANTER, of the City of London, Patentee and Proprietor of Patents, C.E.,
and GEORGE LODGE, of Leeds, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twelfth day of September, in the eighth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said John
Chanter and George Lodge, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that we, the said John Chanter and George Lodge, our exors,
adiors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Chanter and George
Lodge, our exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon Tweed, our Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES, FIRE BARS, HOT-AIR GENERATORS, AND FLUES;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said John
Chanter and George Lodge, or one of us, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of our Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Chanter and George Lodge, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates, first, to improvements in arranging the fire bars of
furnaces so as to give a to and fro motion to every other bar, whilst the others
remain stationary; secondly, the Invention relates to forming lateral grooves
to the fire bars in connection with the notches or horizontal grooves of the
bars to facilitate the air getting up to the fuel above; thirdly, the Invention
relates to a mode of arranging hot air generators to supply furnaces with hot
air; and, fourthly, the Invention relates to a mode of arranging flues to
supply heated air to the products coming from a furnace; and in order that our
Invention may be most fully understood, and readily carried into effect, we will
proceed to describe the means pursued by us in performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows the section of a frame of bars suitable for a furnace.
Figure 2 is a front view of the same frame of bars. Figure 3 shows a plan
thereof; and Figure 4 shows two of the bars separately. The bars a, a, being
so arranged and constructed that they remain stationary, and the bars b, b, are
so arranged that they may have a to and fro motion given to them in order to
free the bars from clinker, and the upper surface of each bar is notched or
grooved, as is shewn. We would remark that we are aware that furnace bars
have before been so arranged that the whole of the bars are capable of being
moved to and fro, every alternate bar moving in one direction, whilst the others
are moving in the opposite direction, and a Patent was obtained for the same by
a Mr. Miller, but we have discovered that by some remaining stationary, whilst
other neighboring ones are moving, the same effect may be obtained, but
by less power.
c, c, are the two side frames of the framing, which carry the
fire bars; and such frame may be, if desired, made separate from the brick
work of a furnace, and capable of being introduced in separate parts, when
the opening into the furnace at the ash pit is not so large as the interior, the
framing being put together when within the furnace, or when the opening is
large enough the whole frame may be fixed together and introduced at once
into its place. d, d, are the bars or end framings which support the fire
bars a, a, and the fire bars b, b, are supported by the axes e, e, by means of pro-
jections ff; and g is an arm or projection to the back axis e to which the

page_text: connecting rod h is attached, the other end of the connecting rod being con-
nected with the cranked lever i on the axis j, by which means the engineer or
stoker may at any time move the alternate bars to and fro, whilst the other bars
remain stationary, or such motion may be communicated by the steam engine.
The second part of our Invention consists of forming lateral grooves on the fire
bars, proceeding downwards from the horizontal notches on the fire bars, as is
shewn. The third part of our Invention consists of a mode of arranging chambers
for heating air. Figures 5 and 6 shew sections of a furnace and heated air gene-
rators arranged according to this part of our Invention. A, B, are two chambers
formed below the flame bed of the furnace, there being deflecting partitions, as
is shewn, to cause the air as it enters past the valve D to take the course
indicated by the arrows, first through the chamber A, and thence through the
chamber B, and thence by proper flues to the bridge, which flues we prefer to
be so arranged that heated air is brought into the commencement of the main
flue of the furnace above the flame bed of the furnace in such manner that
the air introduced may descend downwards, and thus come in contact with the
products of the furnace passing away from the furnace. E is an arch coming
just below the boiler, having openings into the main flue to the furnace, and
there is a shield or protecting plate of iron F below the boiler; hence it will be
seen that the air is introduced at the highest point near the boiler, and descends
down and mixes with the products of combustion coming from the furnace;
and this mode of introducing heated air by so arranging the flues of furnaces
as to cause the air so supplied to descend towards the bridge or flame bed of
the furnace, in place of ascending from the bridge or flame bed, will be found a
very great improvement, effecting a better consumption of the fuel, and conse-
quently avoiding the evolving of dense smoke from the chimney; and although
we recommend this part of our Invention to be used with the preceding part
for obtaining heated air, yet we do not confine ourselves thereto, as the air thus
introduced into flues of furnaces may be supplied from other sources. Another
improvement in generating heated air for furnaces consists of applying a
chamber to the fire door, as is shown at Figure 5, where is a chamber formed
at the back of the fire door, there being openings at the lower part of the door
for the passage of air into the chamber, and this chamber is closed at the
bottom and at the two ends, so that the heated air will flow out of the chamber
at the top at ', and flow over the fire.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the best means we
are acquainted with for performing the same, we would have it understood that
we do not confine ourselves to the details herein described, so long as the
peculiar character of either part of our Invention be retained; but what we

page_text: claim is, first, the giving motion to part of the fire bars, whilst others remain
stationary; secondly, we claim the forming the side notches on the fire bars;
thirdly, we claim the mode of arranging hot air generators A, B, as described in
respect to Figure 5, and also at 2, Figure 5; and, fourthly, we claim the mode
of conducting heated air, and causing it to descend into the main flue of a
furnace, as described in respect to Figures 5 and 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Chanter, have hercunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
Enrolled the Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-five.