other Material, and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1887
Specification Accepted, 10th Feb., 1888
other Material, and in Apparatus therefor.
I, JOHN WILKES WOOD of 6 Stanley Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Fruit Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
It is almost universally customary in the provinces to provide in connection with
dwelling houses, a large pit or receptacle termed an ash pit for the reception of ashes
and other refuse. The waste matter deposited in these ash pits is allowed to accumulate
for a length of time, and vegetable or animal matter placed therein often decomposes
before it is removed. In towns especially where space is limited, and the ash pits are
in close proximity to dwelling houses, this is very objectionable and detrimental to
health, both while the accumulations are increasing, and while the decomposed matter
is' overturned when being removed.
The object of this invention is to avoid the evils consequent upon the accumulation
and overturning of ashes or other refuse at or near dwelling houses, and to provide
means whereby the refuse may be easily and expeditiously removed at frequent
intervals, and with a minimum amount of manipulation of the matter.
The invention is that for which I obtained provisional protection on the applications
No. 9207 dated 15th of July 1886, and No. 9872 dated 31st of July 1886, but I have
decided to put the two parts in one complete application to bear date the last day of
the nine months of the first of the aforesaid provisional applications.
My invention relates to the bins or receptacles for receiving the ashes or other
refuse, and to appliances used in connection with the carts or wagons employed in the
conveying away of the ashes, night soil, and other town refuse, with the object of
obviating the necessity of having the refuse etcetera deposited in the street from
barrows, before being shovelled or otherwise deposited in the cart, and of providing
means whereby the barrows or other receptacles may be hoisted or raised, and the
refuse etcetera discharged therefrom direct into the cart.
The invention may be best described by reference to the accompanying drawings in
which―
Figure 1 is a perspective view which shows, (a) the method of emptying the bins

page_text: direct into the cart, and (b) the method of emptying the barrows etcetera into the
cart.
Figure 2 elevation of back wall, showing bin closed.
Figure 3 perspective view of inside of yard showing position of bin etcetera.
Figure 4 perspective view of open bin in situations where a harrow is used.
Figure 5, similar view to Figure 3 showing same bin as in Figure 4.
Figure 6, sectional elevation showing details of bin.
Referring first to the bin, I build or otherwise form a frame or support A for a bin,
tray or pan B preferably scoop-shaped, that is, with side pieces along three of the
sides or opened and curved and hollowed towards the fourth side. The tray B is
movable so that it can be easily emptied. I prefer to pivot it on two small runners b
(Figure 6) so that the contents can be tipped out of it. The said runners rest each
on a rail a within the frame A which rails may if preferred, be turned up at their
outer ends to prevent the bin being withdrawn too far. Or if desired the bin can be
so arranged that it can be lifted for emptying, and then returned to its place. When
pivoted to the frame or support, the unprotected edge will be placed so as to project
slightly beyond the wall of the yard in which it is placed, or of the frame or wall
which supports it, in order that a cart, wheelbarrow or other vehicle may pass under-
neath it to readily receive the contents. When pivoted on runners the outer or front
side of the bin is preferably flush with the outside of the walls Cand may be provided
with a false end or side b¹ which should be hinged so as to be easily raised or dis-
placed when required for emptying the refuse. The false side 6' also serves to retain
the refuse from falling about as the bin is being withdrawn. An outer door c is also
provided as in ordinary ash pits.
The height of the tray or bin from the ground will vary according to the require-
ments of the locality in which it is placed. If its situation is such as will permit
of a cart coming alongside the wall, it should be placed sufficiently high to be
tipped right into the said cart as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. If, however, its
position will only admit of a barrow coming alongside, it should be placed much
lower as in Figures 4, 5 and 6. For use in places where a foot path or any-
thing else prevents the cart or vehicle in which the refuse is removed, coming close
under the edge of the tray when in its normal position, the tray may be set on
wheels as in Figure 6, or on a slide, so as to run or slide out past the edge for the
distance required, or a separate sliding shoot may be placed to convey the refuse
to the vehicle. If found desirable the refuse receiver may be made wholly removable
and interchangeable, so that instead of emptying them at the place where the refuse
is collected, they may be removed in a vehicle, and an empty one left instead of the
one removed. In this case, the receivers may be provided with trunnions to fit into
bearings in the vehicle to facilitate their subsequent discharge. Where the ash bin
is within sight of windows, a cover of ornamental design may be provided. Below
the ash bin, a closet or receptacle for coal or the like may be constructed. The
whole may be constructed of metal, or it may be built or constructed of brick,
wood, or other material with the refuse receiver of metal.
The cart or vehicle is constructed with a movable upright somewhat in the form of a
ship's davit, and with a winch or winding drum to receive and wind a rope or chain
which can be moved to correspond with the position in which the upright is placed.
To the side or sides of the cart D or other vehicle I attach in any convenient position,
two or more sockets d to receive and retain a swivelling upright E in the form'a ship's
davit. This is movable in the sockets, and may be placed on either side of the cart
according to the position in which it is required for use. In suitable bearings F
attached to the underside of the vehicle, I mount a shaft F' carrying a winding drum
or winch. The windlass or winding drum fmay be fixed to the cart in any position
that may be found most convenient for working it, although it is preferably placed
midway between, and parallel to the sides of the vehicle, and is provided with a
cranked handle for winding purposes. A rope e from the winding drum f passés
up the side of the davit and over the end of it, and is provided at the other end with

page_text: loops or a hook or hooks e¹ in order to attach or lay hold of a barrow or package. A
guide roller el is provided on either side of the cart to prevent the rope chafing.
To facilitate the hoisting and emptying into the cart I prefer to use a barrow or
truck of the special construction shown in Figures 1 and 4. The upper part G is
formed box-shaped, and is preferably tapered all round from the top to the bottom.
It fits into the shallow frame G¹ of the lower part although if .preferred, this frame
may be replaced by small guide pieces at each corner. The handle g, by which the
box G is lifted, is pivoted to the ends of the box at a point preferably a little below
the centre of gravity of the same, as at gl. When the box is not being hoisted or lowered
the handle g hangs down against the side as shown in Figure 4. When the box is
being hoisted or lowered the handle is kept in position, and the box prevented from
overturning by a catch g¹¹ such as is used in an ordinary foundry ladle.
The mode of action is as follows:-
The barrow or in the case in which the cart can come alongside the wall, the
cart is placed under the front end of the bin. The door e is lifted and the tray
drawn out. As the runners b are placed nearer the back than the front end of the
tray, the latter falls by gravity into the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 6.
The false end 6¹ swings open and the contents fall or may be drawn out into the
barrow (or cart), as shown in Figures 1 and 4. The davit E having been fixed to
the most convenient side of the cart, the barrow with its contents is brought alongside,
and instead of the refuse being emptied on to the ground, and then shovelled into the
cart, the box G is hoisted up without disturbing its contents, until it is clear of the
top of the cart. The davit is swung round, the catch g¹¹ is disengaged from
the handle 9, and the box overturned, shooting the ashes etcetera into the cart. The
handle is again adjusted in the catch, the box lowered into the frame G¹, the handle
thrown back, and the box refilled.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
1. An ash bin consisting of a fixed support or frame provided with a movable tray
or receptacle, open at one end and capable of being withdrawn, depressed, and its
contents discharged direct into a cart, barrow or other vehicle, all substantially as and
for the purpose described.
2. In combination with a cart or other vehicle, a swivelling davit capable of being
mounted on either side of the vehicle, and hoisting gear in connection therewith
attached to the cart, whereby the barrow or other receptacle may be discharged into
the vehicle without its contents touching the ground, all arranged substantially as
shown and described.
3. A barrow or truck constructed with a movable body which is provided with a
suspension piece pivoted to two of its sides in such a manner that when suspended the
body may be easily overturned and its contents discharged, the said handle being held
in position as required by a catch, substantially as described and shown.
4. The system of collecting and removing ashes or other refuse, which consists in
placing the refuse in ash bins with movable trays such as hereindescribed, discharging
the same direct into barrows or other receptacles, hoisting said barrows or receptacles
and discharging their contents direct into a vehicle by means of apparatus mounted
on said vehicle, the whole arranged substantially as and for the purpose described.
D
1 1
.. 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.