Improvements in Joints between the Glass Globes of Electric Arc Lamps and the Supports by which they are Carried.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Joints between the Glass Globes of Electric Arc
Lamps and the Supports by which they are Carried.
I, PAUL HENRY GUÉRIN, of 15bia, Boulevard Saint-Denis, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:-
This invention has for its principal object to diminish the consumption of
the carbons used in electric are lamps, and consequently, to lengthen the time
after which they have to be renewed; that is to say, the cost and the manipula-
tion will be materially reduced. I attain this result by making the joint between
the globe and its support airtight, or as airtight as possible, by means of a
hydraulic joint, or a sand joint, so that the carbons are burned in a more or
less complete vacuum, or in the gases produced by the combustion of the carbon
after the lamp has been set in operation.
The body of the arc lamp has a cylinder in which is enclosed the apparatus by
which the regulation of the carbons is effected in any of the usual ways, and
the lower end of the cylinder is extended for a short distance down. The glass
globe is entirely closed at its lower part, and its upper part is attached to the
lamp by the ordinary well-known means, but so that the lower end of the cylinder
dips into a channel or recess formed round the neck of the glass globe, and filled
with water, sand, or other suitable material, forming a joint which prevents the
entry of air into the globe.
The diameter and width of the channel may be varied more or less as desired,
and it may be made separately of metal or other material set or fixed by a
suitable cement to prevent the admission of air.
T: 50th day of January 1898
Improvements in Joints between the Glass Globes of Electric Arc
Lamps and the Supports by which they are Carried.
I, PAUL HENRY GUÉRIN, of 9, Boulevard Saint-Germain, late of 15bis, Boule-
vard Saint-Denis, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
and accompanying drawing, that is to say:-
This invention has for its principal object to diminish the consumption of the
carbons used in electric arc lamps, and consequently, to lengthen the time after
the expiration of which they have to be renewed; that is to say, the cost and
the manipulation will be materially reduced. I attain this result by making
the joint between the globe, or transparent cover which is generally used to
surround the light, and its support, airtight or as nearly airtight as possible,
by means of a hydraulic joint, or a sand joint, so that the carbons are burned in
a more or less complete vacuum, or in the gases produced by the combustion of
the carbon after the lamp has been set in operation, or generally in a gas as little
as possible assisting combustion. The globes may be of any suitable form
and dimensions.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of my invention, but the details
of construction and arrangement may be varied according to the form and con-
struction of the lamps. The drawing shows two modifications of the apparatus
by which I obtain the result described above.
Figure 1 represents a lamp a which has a cylinder 6 in which is enclosed the
apparatus by which the regulation of the carbons is effected in any of the usual
ways, and the lower end of the cylinder is extended for a short distance down.
The globe c is entirely closed at its lower part, and its upper part is attached to
the lamp by the ordinary well-known means, but so that the lower end d of
the cylinder 6 dips into a channel or recess 9 formed round the neck of the glass
globe, and filled with water, sand, or other suitable material, forming a joint
which prevents the entry of air into the globe.
Figure 2 shows a lamp a, the actuating apparatus of which is contained in a
cylindrical case b, of a somewhat greater diameter than in Figure 1.
In order to diminish the number of patterns of globes, and to make one sole
pattern applicable to all lamps, whatever the diameter of the body, the hollow
cylinder d which in Figure 1 constitutes a prolongation of b, is attached to the
lower part of the body of the lamp.
This cylinder dips into the recess y, making a hydraulic joint, as in Figure 1.
The diameter and width of the channel or recess g may be varied more or less
as desired, and it may be made separately of metal or other material set or fixed
round the globe by a suitable cement to prevent the admission of air.
It results from the novel arrangement, two forms of which are shown in the
drawing, that, after the lamp is lighted and the consequent elevation of tempera-
ture, the air contained in the globe escapes through the openings at the bottom
of the body of the lamp, through which the carbon holder or holders pass, without
allowing the entrance of cold air, as the globe is closed round its upper periphery
by the hydraulic joint, as well as its lower part. Moreover, the carbonic acid
produced by the combustion of the carbon, being heavier than air, goes to the
bottom of the globe, and eventually fills the latter completely.
No gas, therefore, capable of assisting combustion, remains in the globe, and
consequently the consumption of the carbons is prevented, or at least materially
reduced.
This result resembles that obtained in incandescent lamps, and though it may
have been possible to obtain it in certain arc lamps of special construction, it has
never before been possible to obtain it in every form of existing lamp, whatever
its shape of dimensions, which my invention enables me to do without valves of
any kind, and solely by the use of the hydraulic joint, or sand joint.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
The annaratus. consisting of л elabe OT transnorant
AOYAM
ided

page_text: channel or recess forming a hydraulic or sand joint, and a cylinder of a diameter
to fit the recess and fixed to the sides or bottom of an electric arc lamp, in order
to reduce the consumption of the carbons in such lamps, substantially as
described and illustrated.
Dated this 24th dow of October 1808
EDWARDS AND Co.,
Agents for the Applicant, 65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London.