Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Saloons, Cabins, Staterooms, Apartments, and the Interiors of Railway Carriages and other Structures.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 9th June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Saloons, Cabins, Staterooms,
Apartments, and the Interiors of Railway Carriages and other
Structures.
We, ARCHIBALD DENNY, of Leven Shipyard, Dumbarton, in the County of
Dumbarton, North Britain, Shipbuilder, and WALTER SCOTT and JOHN SMELLIE,
of the same place, Draughtsmen, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows, that is to say :-
This invention relates to apparatus for heating interiors of various kinds by
means of steam, or hot air or gas, or heated liquid; and its object is to secure
efficient and satisfactory operation with economy.
In one modification of the improved apparatus, which is conveniently and
advantageously applicable for small interiors or spaces, it comprises a main casting
made with a central vertical inside space in the centre of which is fixed a vertical
pipe formed with perforations. Steam, or other heating agent, is admitted through
a regulating valve into the central pipe, and issues through the perforations into
the space round the pipe, and heats the casting. The main casting has gills formed
upon it externally, and, at the sides, these gills are made with an upward inclina-
tion, the effect of which inclination is to produce upward currents in the air
between the gills. The gills may be flat or corrugated. In a small interior, such
as that of a ship cabin, or stateroom, the apparatus may be placed quite near to a
bulkhead or partition, to which it may be fixed by means of lugs or brackets
formed on or fixed to the casting, but with a space between the latter and the
bulkhead or partition. When so applied, the apparatus is placed with the lower
parts of the gills nearest the bulkhead or partition, and with their upper parts
towards the middle of the interior, so that the comparatively cool air entering
between the gills at their lower parts will prevent the heat acting uselessly, and
even objectionably, on the bulkhead or partition, and the heat will be the better
utilised in warming the air passing into the middle of the interior. The apparatus
is provided with an outlet and regulating valve in order that water of condensation
may be removed and so that a current of steam or other heating agent may pass
completely through the apparatus.
In other applications the inclined gills may be arranged to suit particular
requirements; and the main part of the apparatus may be made to consist of two
or more castings, and may be of any convenient size.
Dated this Thirteenth day of September 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.
7
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Saloons, Cabins, Staterooms,
Apartments, and the Interiors of Railway Carriages and other
Structures.
We, ARCHIBALD DENNY, of Leven Shipyard, Dumbarton, in the County of
Dumbarton, North Britain, Shipbuilder, and WALTER SCOTT, and JOHN SMELLIE,
of the same place, Draughtsmen, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
This invention relates to apparatus for heating interiors of various kinds by
[P7

page_text: means of steam, or hct air, or gas, or heated liquid; and its object is to secure
efficient and satisfactory operation with economy.
One modification of the improved apparatus comprises a main casting made
with a central vertical inside space in the centre of which is fixed a vertical pipe
formed with perforations. Steam or other heating agent is admitted into the
central pipe and issuing through the perforations heats the casting which is formed
externally with gills in a manner and for purposes hereinafter explained. The
apparatus is provided with an outlet and regulating valve to drain off water of
condensation, and is constructed so that it can be fixed to a bulkhead or partition.
And in order that the invention and the manner of performing the same may be
properly understood we hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings, to
be hereinafter referred to, and showing heating apparatus as made with our
improvements.
a
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a plan, and Figures, 2, and, 3, are respectively
vertical section and a sectional elevation, as at right angles to each other, of the
apparatus.
Figures, 4, and, 5, are respectively horizontal and vertical sections of a part
of the internal vertical pipe, drawn to a larger scale.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
In the modification of the apparatus, shown in the drawings, and which is
conveniently and advantageously applicable for small interiors or spaces, there is a
main casting, A, made with a central vertical inside space in the centre of which is
fixed a vertical pipe, B, formed with perforations or slits, C, and preferably made
of copper or other metal not liable to rust. Steam or other heating agent having
sufficient pressure to insure circulation is admitted through a regulating valve, D,
into the central pipe, B, and issues through the perforations, C, into the space
round the pipe, and heats the casting, A, the object of the central perforated pipe
being to insure an even distribution of the steam, and to cause it to impinge against
many parts of the inner surface of the casting, and thereby give out its heat
uniformly and effectively. The main casting, A, has gills, F, formed upon it
externally, and at the sides these gills are made with an upward inclination and of
a slightly curved form, as shown, the effect of which inclination and curvature is
to induce upward currents in the air between the gills. The gills, F, are straight
in horizontal section but they may be corrugated if desired. In a small interior,
such as that of a ship cabin, or stateroom, the apparatus may be placed quite.near
to a bulkhead or partition, G, to which it may be fixed by means of lugs or
brackets, H, formed on or fixed to the casting, A, in a manner to leave a space
between the latter and the bulkhead or partition. When so applied, the apparatus
is placed with the lower edges of the gills, F, nearest the bulkhead or partition, G,
and with their upper parts towards the middle of the interior so that comparatively
cool air entering between the gills at their lower parts will to some extent prevent
the heat acting uselessly, and even objectionably, upon the bulkhead or partition,
and the heat will be better utilised in warming the air passing into the middle of the
interior. The gills, F, at the back of the casting, A, next to the bulkhead or
partition, G, are made to extend cach further from the casting than the one
immediately below, so that each may arrest a portion of the ascending air and
promote the entrance of the air between the gills. The perforations or slits, C, in
the central pipe, B, are by preference enlarged outwardly with the object of
preventing singing noise due to the issuing of the steam. The apparatus is
provided with an outlet, J, and regulating valve, K, in order that water of
condensation may be removed, and so that a current of steam or other heating
agent may pass completely through the apparatus; and the internal bottom of the
casting, A, is curved so as to insure the complete draining of the water.
In other applications the inclined gills, (F) may be arranged to suit particular
requirements; and the main part of the apparatus may be made to consist of two
or more castings, and may be of any convenient size and arrangement.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :
The construction, arrangement, and combination of parts constituting the
improved heating apparatus for saloons, cabins, staterooms, apartments and the.
interiors of carriages and other structures substantially as herein before described.
Dated this Nineteenth day of April 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent..