IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING STEEL OR OTHER METAL INGOTS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Parkin Moorwood, of the Firm of
Marshall, Watson, and Moorwood, Harleston Iron Works, Sheffield,
in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOULDS FOR CASTING STEEL OR OTHER METAL INGOTS."
Sealed the 21st August 1874, and dated the 19th May 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Parkin Moor-
wood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 19th May 1874.
I, THOMAS PARKIN MOORWOOD, of the Firm of Marshall, Watson, and
Moorwood, Harleston Iron Works, Sheffield, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMROVEMENTS IN
MOULDS FOR CASTING STEEL OR OTHER METAL INGOTS," to be as follows:-
"
This Invention relates more particularly to moulds used in casting the
ingots of steel manufactured by the "Bessemer" and "Siemen's
processes, but is also applicable to moulds used in the casting of ingots.
from other metals, and also to crucible moulds, and my Invention

page_text: has reference to such moulds as are made in parts or halves, each
part being, divided longitudinally, and consists, -
In hinging one half to the other at the top or bottom of the mould so
that the same may open at one end, or in hinging the same at the sides
by one or more hinges, and in order to securely retain the parts or halves
of the mould together during the casting process, I employ an eccentric
lever fastener or holder, or a lever and eccentric fastener or holder,
which works upon a stud fixed in two arms which are fixed to lugs or
projections on one half of the mould; the eccentric holder or fastener
upon being pulled or lifted operates upon the mould, thereby closing and
holding the same securely in position. When the ingot has been cast
in the mould the eccentric lever fastener or holder is moved so that the
mould is free to open, and it will be readily observed that as the ordinary
lifting lugs of the mould will be fixed at the end at which I hinge the
two halves together when the mould is drawn from the ingot, that upon
the chain or other lifting medium being operated to lift the mould it
will open at the opposite end, and so leave the ingot quite free.
One great objection to the moulds as heretofore manufactured has
been the want of provision for the expansion of the same.
Now it will
be observed that by the use of my eccentric lever fastener in combination
with the hinges that this objection is overcome entirely, as the same may
be operated immediately the metal has set. By means of my arrange-
ment of the parts for the purposes herein set forth I am enabled to cast
a perfectly parallel ingot, and I am also enabled to obtain a more durable
mould than heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Parkin Moorwood in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 18th November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
PARKIN MOORWOOD, of the Firm of Marshall, Watson, and Moorwood,
Harleston Iron Works, Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
"
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-

page_text: seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,"
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Parkin Moorwood, Her special
licence that I, the said Thomas Parkin Moorwood, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Parkin
Moorwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING STEEL OR OTHER METAL INGOTS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Parkin
Moorwood, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Parkin Moorwood, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Sheets of
Drawings:-
This Invention relates more particularly to moulds used in casting the
ingots of steel manufactured by the "Bessemer" and "Siemen's”
processes, but is also applicable to moulds used in the casting of ingots
from other metals, and also to moulds used for crucible steel, and
my Invention has reference to such moulds as are made in parts
or halves, each part being divided longitudinally.
In making moulds with my improvements I hinge one half of the mould
to the other at the top or the bottom, so that the same may open at one
end, or I hinge the same at the sides by one or more hinges; and in order
to securely retain the parts or halves of the mould together during the
casting process I employ an eccentric lever fastener or holder, or a lever
and eccentric fastener or holder, which works upon a stud fixed in two
arms, which are fixed or attached to "lugs" or projections on one half of
the mould; the eccentric holder or fastener upon being pulled or lifted
operates upon the mould, thereby closing and holding the same securely

page_text: follows, will be more readily seen:-When the mould is closed, the
eccentric lever is in a vertical position with the mould, which I find con-
venient, though another position may be adopted, and upon its being
operated by the attandant for expansion or removal of the mould or
ingot, it will be turned so that it gradually diminishes in pressure against
the mould, thereby allowing the same to expand or to be drawn or
lifted away; the form however may be somewhat varied, as hereafter
described.
At Figs. 8, 9, and 10, (Sheet Two) I have shewn my Invention as applied
when it is desirable or required to hinge the mould at the sides so that
the same will open at one side longitudinally and in equal proportions,
that is, at the top as much as the bottom; Fig. 9 is a side view of the
same, shewing the opening which is caused by the eccentric lever being
operated as above described, and same as shewn in Fig. 4 (Sheet 1);
Fig. 10 is a plan view of Figs. 8 and 9.
be.
A is the mould, constructed in two halves or parts, which in Figs. 1, 2,
3, 5, and 6, (Sheet 1) and Fig. 8 (Sheet 2) is shewn closed or ready for
the molten steel or metal to be poured in, and at Fig. 4 (Sheet 1) and
Fig. 9 (Sheet 2) the same is shewn open, so as to allow for expansion..
when the metal poured in has "set," or the mould is ready to be lifted.
away from the ingot. B is the eccentric lever fastener or holder, and
which I have shewn with a projecting stem or piece C, which may
cast with the eccentric or fixed to it, and which may be of any desired
form and length, according to the size of the mould or leverage required
to loose the same for expansion or removal. D'is a hole, into which
may be inserted a bar or other lever for assistance in the moving of the
eccentric B from one position to another; E is a pin or stud upon which
the eccentric B works; F, F, are the arms or straps in which the
eccentric and stud E is carried, and which are fixed or attached loosely
on to the lugs or projections G, G, which are cast or secured to one half
of the mould when the same is hinged at the top or bottom, but when the
same is hinged at the sides, as shewn in Figs. 8, 9, and 10, (Sheet 2).
one projection is cast or secured to each half by preference and for con-.
venience. H, H, are the ordinary lifting. loops or pieces, which are
secured in the top side of the mould, and it will be readily seen by the
practical observer that upon the chain, hook, or other lifting medium being
attached to these, and operated by à crane or other suitable appliance,
that a pulling or dragging motion, having a tendency to open the mould

page_text: at the opposite end, as shewn in Fig. 4 (Sheet 1), will be attained, and
it will also be readily observed that if the mould were inverted (the
hinges thereby being at the bottom) and the ingot be drawn from the
mould, that the action of the mould will be the same so far as the
operation of the hinges and the opening at one end.
I have shewn in the Drawings (on Sheet 1) two of the most preferable
methods of hinging or hanging the halves or parts of the mould
together when it is required or desirable to open it at one end, but the
same may be varied in many ways, such as securing hinges like the
common door hinge in suitable position to the separate halves, and by 1
other methods.
For more minute illustration of the form of hinges I have applied I
here give reference in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 (Sheet 1), and Figures 8, 9,
and 10 (Sheet 2). J, J, are pieces of metal of suitable form cast or
secured to cach half of the mould; and working face to face. K, K, are 1
pins, which secure the halves or parts together, and upon which the
same are hung or dependant.
At Figs. 5 and 6 is shewn another form which I find advantageous,
and which consists in casting or securing two "lugs," pieces or pro-
jections L, L, on cach half or part of the mould of suitable form, and a
binding, tying, or securing the halves or parts together by a strap or
band M of suitable substance or material.
At Figs. 8, 9, and 10 (on Sheet 2), where the mould is shewn as
hinged at the sides, and to open longitudinally in equal proportions, I
have shewn a bar or rod N passing through projections on the sides of 1
the mould as being the most suitable manner of hinging the same, but
in this case also the form may be varied. O is a projecting piece, which
may be cast with or secured to the mould for a bearing or support for
the eccentric lever B.
It will have been noticed that I have shown in all the illustrations the
mould as square in form, and divided across the corners; such form I
find to be convenient, but the same may be divided in any suitable
place, and may also be constructed of circular, octagonal, or any other
desirable form.
Having thus described the nature and object of this my said Invention,
and shewn by. Drawings how the same may be carried into practice. I

page_text: would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise
details of the parts that are used in the construction of ingot moulds as
herein shewn and described, for, as it has been stated, modifications of
the same may be made, but what I claim as of my Invention, and
believe to be new is,―
First. The combinations of parts constituting respectively moulds
constructed with my improvements, as herein described and shewn in the
annexed Drawings.
Second. The application and use of the arms or straps for carrying the
eccentric lever fastener or holder, as and for the purpose substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Third. The application and use of an eccentric lever fastener or holder
for fastening or locking the two parts or halves of the mould together,
and for allowance of expansion and the removal of the mould from the
ingot, or vice versa, as herein described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Parkin Moorwood, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of
October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-four.
THOMAS PARKIN MOORWOOD. (L.S.)
Witness,
WN. WHITEHEAD,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Sheffield.