IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL IMPLES FOR GRUBBING AND CULTIVATING LAND
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nicholas Fisher, of Milton, near Blisworth, North-
amptonshire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL IMPLE-
Sealed the 4th February 1862, and dated the 20th August 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nicholas Fisher at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
August 1861.
I, NICHOLAS FISHER, of Milton, near Blisworth, Northamptonshire, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL
IMPLEMENTS FOR GRUBBING AND CULTIVATING LAND," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in agricultural implements
for grubbing and cultivating land. For these purposes in place of using tines
of the description heretofore employed, I employ tines of the following con-
struction applied at the ends of suitable stems, which at their upper ends are
fixed to the framing of the implements:-It is preferred to have two stems for
each tine, though only one stem may be used for each tine. The tines are
each formed in the following manner, and by preference of wood, pointed with
an iron share, though other materials may be used:-The front of the tine is
of a curved form, and rises up from the sole or horizontal part, and covers the
front of the stem above the surface of the land, so that weeds and roots as

page_text: they rise up the curved incline of the front of the tine, get away and fall from
the tine on to the land. The lower or horizontal part of the tine forms a
sledge or sole very similar to a Kentish plough, the rising and forward point
of the tine, as above explained, rising above the surface of the land, a share,
covering the forward end of each of the tines. The sledge or horizontal part
of the tine is formed at its upper surface in a suitable manner to be fixed to
the stems. Three or more of such tines are used in constructing an implement
for grubbing or cultivating land.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Nicholas Fisher in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NICHOLAS
FISHER, of Milton, near Blisworth, Northamptonshire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of ITer
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Nicholas Fisher, Her special licence that I, the said Nicholas Fisher, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Nicholas
Fisher, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL
IMPLEMENTS FOR GRUBBING AND CULTIVATING LAND," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Nicholas Fisher, my executors or administrators, by au
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nicholas Fisher, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say-

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a side elevation of one of the tines constructed according
to my Invention, to be used in an agricultural implement for grubbing and
cultivating land; Figure 2 is a back view thereof; Figure 3 is a plan;
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of the lower part of one of the tines, shewing
the manner in which it is preferred that the several parts should be formed
and go together; Figure 5 shews a side view and plan of the sledge or
horizontal part of the tine, on to the fore part or nose of which the share is
placed. Provision is also made for applying a moveable hinder piece or sole
plate, in order not only to admit of such part being readily renewed, but also
to admit of different sole pieces being used, in order better to accommodate
the tine to work in stiff or sandy land. Figure 6 shews a plan, a side view,
and a back view of a sole piece for working in stiff land; and Figure 7 shews
a plan, a side view, and a back view of a sole picco suitable for working in
sandy or light land; Figures 8, 9, and 10 shew three forms of shares which I
use, but Figures 1 and 2 shew the form of share most generally used by mc.
In these Figures the same letters of reference are used to indicate the
same parts.
a is the curved stem of the tine, which is shewn to be of wrought iron, but
other materials may be employed; the upper end of this stem passes through
and is fixed in a proper socket b, fixed in part of the framing c of a grubber or
cultivator, which may be of like construction to those heretofore employed,
and have provision for using three or other number of tines, as has heretofore
been the case. a' is the front of the tine, which is preferred to be made in
two pieces of cast iron, as is shewn, but this is not essential, and other
materials may be employed. This front rises from the horizontal part of the
tine in a curved line; it is also rounded in its transverse section on the front
surface, and it covers the lower part of the stem up to and beyond the surface
of the land, so that weeds and roots as they rise up the curved incline of the
front of the tine, get away and fall from the tine on to the land. a is the
lower horizontal part of the tine, which forms a sledge or sole very similar to
a Kentish plough. The sledge or horizontal part of the tine is to be formed
at its upper surface in a suitable manner to be fixed to the lower end of the
stem, this I prefer to be accomplished in the manner shewn in the Drawings;
but the manner of forming and connecting the lower part or sledge with the
stem of the tine may be varied, and such is the case in respect of the con-
struction of the stem. The Drawings very clearly shew the form of the horizontal
part a of the tine, which is formed in one casting of iron, although other

page_text: material may be employed in its construction. At the forward end the part a
is formed to fit into tho socket in the share, the sbare being retained thereon
by a pin a. The front or cover a' of the stem of the tine is fixed to the sole
or sledge a² by means of the screw a', the screw and connecting link a³, and
the pin a', as shewn, but the manner of connecting these parts may be varied.
The lower of the two parts of which the front covering surface a¹ is composed
overlaps a projecting portion of the upper of the two pieces, so as to aid in
retaining the upper part in position. The stem a is at its lower end attached
to the solo or sledge a' by a pin joint, as shewn. The moveable sole piece is
attached to the sole or sledge by means of three pins a³.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I-would-have it under-
stood that I claim the manufacture of tines for grubbing and cultivating
agricultural implements, composed of a combination of stoms a, front part a',
and horizontal part a³, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nicholas Fisher, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
NICHOLAS FISHER. (L.S.)