AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODES OF GIVING AND TRANSMITTING MULTIPLYING ROTATIVE MOTION TO SHAFTS AND OTHER REVOLVING BODIES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Wellington Callen, of Peckham, in
the County of Surrey, Gentleman, and Abraham Ripley, of
Westminster Road, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODES OF GIVING AND
TRANSMITTING MULTIPLYING ROTATIVE MOTION TO SHAFTS AND OTHER
REVOLVING BODIES."
Sealed the 22nd July 1853, and dated the 22nd January 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Wellington
Callen and Abraham Ripley at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd January 1853.
We, ARTHUR WELLINGTON CALLEN, of Peckham, in the County of
Surrey, Gentleman, and ABRAHAM RIPLEY, of Westminster Road, in
the County of Surry, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODES OF GIVING AND
TRANSMITTING MULTIPLYING ROTATIVE MOTION TO SHAFTS AND
REVOLVING BODIES" to be as follows:-
We set a disc or circular plate or segmental plates on a moveable

page_text: axle, and cut in or form on the face of such plate or plates two or more
slots or grooves, either crossing each other or at right angles or at a
greater or less angle than a right angle, as the nature of the motion to
be transmitted requires.
The axle or shaft on which the said disc or plates is set is supported
at each end independantly, and we cause a double arm or crank to
work in the said slots or grooves, by two crank pins, nuts, or friction
wheels, which are inserted in the two ends of the said double arm or
crank, which crank is attached.to. a second shaft independant of that to
which the-before-mentioned plate is.affixed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur Wellington Callen and Abraham Ripley
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd July 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
ARTHUR WELLINGTON CALLEN, of Peckham, in the County of Surrey,
Gentleman, and ABRAHAM RIPLEY, of Westminster Road, also in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the
year of our Lord. One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Arthur Wellington Callen and
Abraham Ripley, Her special licence, that we, the said Arthur Wel-
lington Callen and Abraham Ripley, our executors, administrators,
and assigns; or such others as we, the said Arthur Wellington Callen
and Abraham Ripley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter, during, the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODES OF GIVING AND TRANS-
MITTING MULTIPLYING ROTATIVE MOTION TO SHAFTS AND OTHER REVOLVING
T

page_text: BODIES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Arthur
Wellington Callen and Abraham Ripley, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Arthur Wellington Callen and
Abraham Ripley, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the saine is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, together
with the accompanying Drawings and explanations thereof herein
contained (that is to say):
Our Invention consists of a mode of increasing or multiplying rotative
motion by means of grooved discs and double or treble cranks, instead
of using the cogged or toothed wheels now generally adopted for that
purpose. The said grooved discs and double or treble cranks are con-
structed and applied in the following manner (namely):-The discs,
which rotate upon an axis in their centres, are made in a circular form,
and consist of tables or plates of iron or other metal or material. In
or upon the faces of these discs are cast, cut, or constructed channels,
grooves, or slots; the shape or form of these channels, grooves, or slots
is ascertained or determined by the rule or principle and in the way or
manner herein described and further explained by the examples or
illustrations shewn on the accompanying Drawings: The channels,
grooves, or slots are regulated by the multiple, or the number. of times
the rotations in the motion to be transmitted are increased or dimi-
nished, and although the said channels or grooves vary with the multiple
their form (whether straight or curved) is determined in all cases by
the said rule or principle, and in the way or manner herein explained, as
before referred to. The width of the said channels, grooves, or slots is
governed by the diameter or size of the wheels or rollers on the crank
pins. The double or treble cranks are simply cranks with two or three
arms radiating from the centre or axis on which they revolve at equal
angles with each other, or equi-distant from each other on every side. In

page_text: the ends of these crank arms, and at equal distances from the axis or
centre; are fitted crank pins mounted with friction wheels or rollers
turned true to a diameter equal as near as may be to the width of the
channel or groove in the disc, so as to fit truly and at the same time
roll freely between the sides thereof. The diameter of the disk must
contain the length of the crank arm a given number of times, without
leaving any remainder, and half of the diameter or radius of the disc must
contain the length of the crank arm as many times as the rotations in
the motion transmitted are to be multiplied or divided, or increased or
diminished; for instance, suppose it is required to increase the rotations
three times, or from sixty to one hundred and eighty revolutions in the
.same unit of time, then the half diameter-or radius of the disk must
contain the length of the crank arm three times, and then for every
single rotation of the disc there will be three revolutions of the crank.
The discs are attached to a prime mover or shaft so as to rotate upon
their axis in the centre. The cranks are attached to a second mover
or seperate shaft. The discs and cranks are mounted on their respective
bearings, and are geared together so that the friction wheels or rollers
on the crank pius fit into the channels or grooves of the discs. By
using extra discs and crauks a multiple of almost any magnitude may
be obtained; but if a reducing motion is required the position of the
discs and cranks is simply reversed and the power applied to the latter.
EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWINGS.
For convenience of reference to the examples and illustrations on the
accompanying Drawings each Figure is lettered in a similar manner, so
that one explanation applies to the whole.
The centre lines of the channels or grooves are ascertained in the
following manner, sec Drawing 1, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Let A, B, C, be a circle, the diameter of which is equal to the
diameter of the disc, which is supposed to rotate upon the centre D).
Let E, F, E, be a double crank, the two arms, of which are in a
straight line with each other, revolving upon a seperate centre F, the
crank pins being confined to the paths or circles shown by red lines.
Now if the discs and cranks. are turned round upon their respective

page_text: centres so that the crank pin marked thus and the point on the
edges of the disc marked thus A cach move the same length along
the respective circles in the same time, in the direction indicated by the
arrow head thus, >, the outer circle is supposed to represent a
disc with a plain face, and the crank pin a point or tracer touching
the same, so as to make a mark, then the said tracer or centre of the
crank pin will describe the line drawn in blue, and lettered G, on the
faces of the respective discs, in the manner shown upon the Drawings;
and if channels or grooves, of which these blue lines are the centres, be
cut in the faces of the respective discs, as shown by the lines marked H,
the required forms of the channels or grooves for the respective motions
written on the different Figs. will be obtained. Fig. 5, on the same
Drawing shows a mode of obtaining two seperate motions from one
disc.
Drawing 2, Fig. 1, shows the face of the disc with the channels or
grooves in it; and Fig. 2, a double crank, with crank pins and friction
rollers adapted thereto; the multiple is a one and a half to one and
corresponds with Fig. 1, on Drawing 1. Figure 5, (Ds 2,) shows the
same disc and crank geared together. The disc is made fast to the
shaft A, which runs on the bearings B, B; the double crank is keyed
on to the shaft C, which runs on the bearings D, D. Part of the bearing
is broken off for the purpose of shewing the rollers; the same mark
applies to Fig. 6. Fig. 3, shows the face of a disc in which the channels
or grooves are adapted to a treble or three arm crank. Fig. 4, shows
the treble crank, with crank pins and friction rollers adapted to the
grooves of the last-mentioned disc. Fig. 6, shows the disc and treble
crank geared together. The parts are lettered to correspond with Fig. 5.
By the application of the treble crank (which may be applied when the
multiple is even) two out of the three arms are always in gear, so that
the strain upon the crank pins is divided and the power applied to the
cranks at nearly opposite angles, while the strain is also distributed in
the grooves of the disc, instead of being confined to one point, as in the
case of the cogged or toothed wheels now in general use.
We have now, to the best of our ability, described and explained the
nature of this our said Invention, together with a mode of construction

page_text: and certain applications thereof, but to which we do not strictly confine
ourselves, as the same may be extended and the parts may be varied
without departing from the nature or principle of our said Juvention.
We claim the applications of the grooved disc and double or treble
cranks with friction wheels or rollers running in the said grooves, for
the purpose of multiplying rotative motion.
In witness whereof, wc, the said Arthur Wellington Callen and
Abraham Ripley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-first day of July, A.D. 1853.
ARTHUR WELLINGTON CALLEN.
(L.S.)
ABRAHAM RIPLEY.
(L.S.)