Improvements in or relating to Motor Driven Cycles.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Motor Driven Cycles.
I, EDWARD JOEL PENNINGTON of the Hotel Metropole, Northumberland Avenue in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to motor driven cycles, the chief object in view being to
provide a detachable-motor-attachment, so that the motor can readily be applied
to or removed from an ordinary cycle, the necessary changes in the construction
of the particular fitting being made to render it suitable for a bicycle, tricycle or other
form of cycle. I will now describe it as applied to a safety bicycle.
The attachment will comprise
(a) The extra framing to carry the motor,
(b) The motor itself, and
(c) A chain or other means of convoying the power of the motor to the road
wheel of the bicycle.
(a) The framing of a motor attachment suitable for an ordinary bicycle may consist
of two triangular tubular frames each adapted to be secured to one end of the pin or
axle which carries the back road wheel of the bicycle, and also to be connected to the
framing of the bicycle at any other suitable supporting point, say for example at or
about the point where the back stays join the diagonal underneath the saddle. These
frames may be flattened and bored or provided with holes at the necessary parts so
that they may fit one part over the axle and be secured thereon by the nut at
present used for securing the axle in the frame-work of the bicycle, and at the other
part similarly prepared so as to fit on to the bolt which is commonly used for connecting
the back stays and also for clamping the saddle pillar. By such an arrangement no
extra fittings would be required. These frames lie one on each side of the road driving
wheel of the bicycle and are adapted to carry between them and securely fixed to
them in any convenient manner,
(b) the motor itself. This may be any convenient kind of motor, but I prefer it
to be one of the now well-known Pennington engines, and preferably a single
cylinder engine, though I do not confine myself to use one cylinder only. The
bearings carrying the crank shaft may be secured to the side frames or to the
cylinder itself, or to both, the engine driving direct on to the crank axle in
the usual manner. If the power from the engine be communicated to the road
wheel of the cycle by' a chain a small chain wheel may be carried upon the axle and
around it will be
(c) the chain which will pass over another and preferably larger chain wheel
secured upon the axle or hub of the road wheel. I prefer to have something in
the nature of a friction clutch so that the power of the engine may not be too
suddenly applied and this clutch may be in connection with either the upper chain
wheel upon the engine shaft, or upon the lower chain wheel of the road wheel,
preferably the former, the necessary means of operating it being carried to a
convenient point for the rider to manipulate. It will thus be seen that the whole of
the working parts can be easily applied and removed as a single attachment, the
chain being disconnected, and having if desired a spring or other suitable readily
detachable connection or link so as to allow of prompt manipulation. Where a shaft
and gearing or similar means were employed the disconnecting of the chain would
be avoided.

page_text: If desired either the fuel reservoir or the battery for sparking purposes or both
may be carried upon the frames already mentioned, but to prevent too much weight
at the back I prefer to carry these upon the forward portion of the framing fitting and
connecting them in any desired manner, either detachably or not, though I prefer to
make them detachable.
If a fly wheel be employed it may be so arranged as to balance as nearly as
possible the other parts, or it may be grooved, divided or formed as two distinct
wheels so as to pass one on each side of the road wheel. Springs, rubber or pneumatic
buffers or equivalent may be employed where required to minimise the shock and
the necessary connections for controlling the oil and current may be provided as
required.
In applying this invention to tricycles it would be substantially the same, but the
shape of the attachment framing would be varied, and as already stated more than one
cylinder may be employed.
1000
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Motor Driven Cycles.
I, EDWARD JOEL PENNINGTON, formerly of the Hotel Metropole, in the County
of Middlesex, now of the Motor Mills, Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to motor driven cycles, the chief object in view being to
provide a detachable motor-attachment, so that the motor can readily be applied to
or removed from an ordinary cycle, the necessary changes in the construction of the
particular fitting being made to render it suitable for a bicycle tricycle or other form of
cycle. I will now describe it as applied to a safety bicycle.
The attachment will comprise
(a) The extra framing to carry the motor,
(b) The motor itself, and
(c) A chain or other means of conveying the power of the motor to the road wheel
of the bicycle.
(a) The framing of a motor attachment suitably for an ordinary bicycle consists
of two angular and preferably tubular frames each adapted to be secured to one
end of the pin or axle which carried the back road wheel of the bicycle and
also to the framing of the bicycle at any suitable supporting point, say for
example at or about the point where the back stays join the diagonal underneath
the saddle.
These frames may be flattened and bored or provided with holes at the necessary
parts so that they may fit one part over the axle and be secured thereqn by the
nut at present used for securing the axle in the frame work of the bicycle, and at
the other part similarly prepared so as to fit on to the bolt which is commonly used
for connecting the back stays and also for clamping the saddle pillar. By such an
arrangement no extra fittings would be required. These frames lie one on each side
of the road driving wheel of the bicycle and are adapted to carry between them and
securely fixed to them in any convenient manner,
(b) the motor itself. This may be any convenient kind of motor, but I prefer it
to be one of the well known Pennington engines, and preferably a single cylinder

page_text: If
engine, though I do not confine myself to use one cylinder only. The bearings
carrying the crank shaft may be secured to the side frames or to the cylinder itself,
or to both, the engine driving direct on to its crank axle in the usual manner.
the power from the engine be communicated to the road wheel of the cycle by a chain
a small chain wheel may be carried upon the axle and around it will be,
(c) the chain which will pass over another and preferably larger chain wheel secured
upon the axle or hub of the road wheel. I prefer to have something in the nature of
a friction clutch so that the power of the engine may not be too suddenly applied
and this clutch may be in connection with either the upper chain wheel upon the
engine shaft, or upon the lower chain wheel of the road wheel, preferably the former,
the necessary means of operating it being carried to a convenient point for the
rider manipulate. It will thus be seen that the whole of the working parts can be
easily applied and removed as a single attachment, the chain being disconnected, and
having if desired a spring or other suitable readily detachable connection or link so
as to allow of prompt manipulation. Where a shaft and gearing or similar means are
smployed the disconnecting of the chain may be avoided.
If desired either the fuel reservoir or the battery for sparking purposes or both may
be carried upon the detachable frames, but to prevent too much weight at the back
I prefer to carry these upon the permanent portion of the frame of the cycle, fitting
and connecting them in any desired manner, either detachably or not.
If a fly wheel be employed it may be so arranged as to balance as nearly as
possible the other parts, or it may be grooved, divided or formed as two distinct
wheels so as to pass one on each side of the road wheel. Springs, rubber or pneumatic
buffers or equivalent may be employed where required to minimise the shock and
the necessary connections for controlling the oil and current may be provided as
required.
In applying this invention to tricycles it would be substantially the same, but the
shape of the attachment framing would be varied, and as already stated more than one
cylinder may be employed.
In the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the rear portion of a safety bicycle showing a motor
attachment in position.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 is a side elevation on a larger scale of a portion of the motor
attachment.
Figure 4 is a plan of the same.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The motor A is securely attached to a preferably tubular frame formed by two
horizontal or approximately horizontal members B, and two diagonal members B'.
These members are attached together at the end of the motor cylinder, as shown
and form an angular framing, so constructed as to be readily attached to the rear
of a safety bicycle in the following manner though it may be applied to other forms
of cycles.
The free ends of the tubes B and B are flattened and provided with holes by
means of which the former (B) are attached to the ends of the driving axle C by
nuts, in a manner similar to that at present employed for attaching the axle to the
frame work of a cycle. The ends of the tubes B' are attached in a similar way to the
point D where the back stays join the diagonal of the cycle framing.
The crank shaft E driven by the motor, is carried in a bearing in a bracket F
and attached to one of the tubes B. This crank shaft carries a crank wheel G which
is connected by a chain G with a chain wheel H on the axle of the driving wheel J
of the cycle.
As shown in the drawings the motor is not provided with a fly wheel but it is
obvious that one may be fitted by using a crank shaft the ends of which rest in
bearings carried by the tubes B and one part having a fly wheel keyed upon it and the
other a chain wheel arranged in a manner similar to that shown in the drawings.
If desired only one diagonal tube B¹ may be employed in place of two.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A detachable motor attachment for a cycle.
2. The detachable motor attachment for a cycle substantially as described.
3. In a detachable motor attachment for a cycle, the combination with a motor of
tubular frames such as B B carrying the motor substantially as described.
4. In a cycle the combination with a motor provided with means for driving the
cycle of tubular frames such as B B' carrying the motor and detachably connected to
the cycle substantially as described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete motor
attachment for a cycle, substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.