Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 22nd Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1887
I JOHN HENRY KNIGHT of Thumblands, Farnham in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, and Landowner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
It consists in starting and working engines by the heavy hydro carbons such as
Kerosine and Parafin lamp oils.
In order to vaporise the parafin oil and cause it to be taken up in suspension by the
air, I arrange at one end of the cylinder a vaporising chamber, which chamber may
wholly or in part surround that part of the cylinder in which the explosion of the
parafin vapor and air takes place.
Ribs, plates wires rods or wire gauze project from the surface of the cylinder into
the vaporising chamber to diffuse the heat from the explosions and heat the air and
vaporise the parafin oil.
Communication is made between the vaporising chamber and the cylinder by a cock
or valve.
In order to start the engine when the vaporising chamber is cold a lamp burning
parafin or other source of heat is applied to the chamber, some of the heat is conducted
by the ribs or plates to the cylinder, which is thus warmed.
When the chamber has acquired the requisite temperature, air and parafin are forced
or drawn into the vaporising chamber and from thence when the parafin is vaporised,
they are led into the cylinder and the engine works in the usual manner by the
combustion or explosion of the air and vapor.
HARE & Co.,
31, Essex Street, W.C.,
Agents to the said Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Engines Worked by the Heavier Hydro Carbons.
I JOHN HENRY KNIGHT of Thumblands Farnham in the County of Surrey
Engineer and Land owner do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in starting and working Engines by mineral oils, such oils a
are used for lighting purposes and that do not evaporate at ordinary atmospheric
temperatures but require the addition of heat to vaporize them, oils that are known as
Paraffin or Kerosine Oils.
In order to vaporise the mineral oil and cause it to be taken up in suspension by the
air, I arrange at one end of the cylinder of an Engine a chamber, hereinafter called
the vaporising chamber. Such chambers may wholly or in part surround that part
of the cylinder in which the explosion or combustion of the vapour of the mineral
oil and air takes place.
Ribs, plates, wires, rods or wire gauze project from the surface of the cylinder into
the vaporising chamber, some or all of them extending or being connected with the
bottom of the vaporising chamber. Such rods ribs or plates are used to conduct the
heat from the lower surface of the vaporising chamber to the cylinder (when the lamp
hereinafter described is used) or to conduct and diffuse the heat produced by the
explosives from the cylinder when the said lamp has been extinguished and so to heat
the air and vaporise the oil in the chamber.
Communication is made between the vaporising chamber and the cylinder by an
ordinary valve or cock.
In order to start the Engine (the vaporising chamber being cold) a lamp or stove
burning mineral oil is placed under the vaporising chamber, some of the heat is con-
ducted by the ribs or plates to the cylinder which is thus somewhat heated. When
the chamber has acquired the requisite temperature air and mineral oil are either forced
or drawn into the chamber and then the air being heated and the oil vaporised pass
into the cylinder and work the piston in the same manner as gas engines. All or only
part of the air necessary to work the Engine may pass through the vaporising chamber
as may be found most desirable.
When the Engine is at work the heat generated in the cylinder is conducted by the
plates or ribs into the vaporising chamber, which is heated to a sufficiently high
temperature to rapidly heat the air and vaporise the oil. Then the lamp which has
been used for heating the chamber may be extinguished.
It must be understood that the vaporising chamber is not a combustion chamber, the
combustion or explosion taking place in the cylinder only.
I show in the accompanying drawings my said invention applied to a beam engine,
but in so doing I do not claim any of the details of such engine but only such
vaporising chamber as is herein described.
In such drawings identical parts are marked with the same letters of reference.

page_text: I claim all such variation in the application and construction of my said invention
such for example as its application to horizontal as well as vertical engines, as properly
come within the scope of my invention.
Figure 1 is an illustration of a beam engine fitted with my said invention of a
vaporising chamber.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the vaporising chamber-The parts shewn are
sufficient to describe the nature of the invention, the valves, slide &c. being omitted.
A. Cylinder.
B. Piston.
0. Vaporising chamber.
D. D. Plates affixed to one end of the cylinder to diffuse the heat generated in
the cylinder.
E. Lamp for heating chamber.
F. Pipe for supplying chamber with oil and air.
G. Valve opening to cylinder.
H. Rod and lever for working valve.
L. M. Lighting exhaust ports.
Figure 3 shews another arrangement (letters on figure corresponding with those
on Figures 1 and 2.
The cylinder may be arranged in a horizontal or inclined position if desired.
Having more particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
+
1. The construction and adaptation of a vaporising chamber as hereinbefore described
heated by a mineral oil lamp or stove (so that the Engine may be started without any
other source of heat than that obtained from burning the same sort of oil with which
the Engine is worked).
2. All such changes in the application and adaptation of my said invention as
properly come within the scope of the said invention.
1
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