IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CONDUCTORS OR SPOUTS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thomson King of Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Patent Agent for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER
CONDUCTORS OR SPOUTS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR A communication to
him from abroad by George K Reber of Pittsburgh and Thomas W Irwin of
Allegheny, both in the state of Pennsylvania United States of America
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Thomson King at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1882.
"
JOHN THOMSON KING of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent,
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CONDUCTORS OR SPOUTS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR
[A communication to him from abroad by George K Reber of Pittsburgh and
Thomas W Irwin of Allegheny, both in the state of Pennsylvania United States of
America]
This invention relates to sheet metal water conductors or spouts secured to the
sides of houses and other buildings, for the purpose of carrying rain water from
the roof to the ground, or to tanks or other receptacles. It further relates to
attachments for securing the said pipes or conductors to the houses or buildings.
Heretofore sheet metal spouts or conductors have been made by bending the
metal into the required shape and uniting the edges by soldering brazing or by a
flat seam and they have usually been attached to the houses or buildings by
soldered or riveted flanges. With brick buildings more especially the said flanges
could not be put on until the position of the spout or conductor was first ascertained,
as it was necessary for the flanges to come opposite to a joint where nails could be
driven in and which was so related to the length of the section that it would be
held up against and in position with the section above it. Therefore the work of
putting on or attaching the flanges to the conductor or spout was often necessarily
and with great inconvenience done at the building. Moreover conductors or spouts
thus formed were secured to the side of the house or building in such a position as
to rest directly against the wall and any leakage or overflow was absorbed by the
wall so as to cause dampness along the line of the said spout or conductor.
To

page_text: obviate this the conductors or spouts have been hung on brackets so that they did
not touch the wall, such brackets however are frail, expensive and unsightly, aud
sometimes permit the conductors or spouts to be swung or moved by the wind so
as to loosen their connections with the roof and cause leakage.
By the invention now to be described the above objections are entirely overcome
and obviated.
The invention consists first in a water conductor or spout made with a projecting
or standing seam adapted to be turned towards the wall when the conductor is
secured in place, and so prevent the said conductor or spout from coming into
The seam is either single or double locked or lapped and
contact with the wall.
solder or other suitable binding agent may be used in its construction.
Second. In a fastener suitable for being driven or screwed into the wall provided
with a slot or recess to receive the projecting or standing seam, and a wedge for
holding the parts in contact.
Third. In a grooved or recessed flange fastening preferably made in sheet metal
attached to the projecting or standing seam and wall in any suitable manner.
Conductors or spouts under this invention are made of round octagonal or other
desired section and are fitted one into the other by bevelling or bending the
projecting or standing seam of the lower end of one section and widening or
expanding the upper end of the section beneath.
The said conductors or spouts possess the following amongst other advantages:
They do not require to be made with fastenings attached thereto and can be
completely finished in the work shop. They can when taken to the house or
building be easily inserted in fastenings without extra labour or work. They are
not injured by the expansion of water freezing therein as the seam spreads at its
front or internal edge but is held tight at its rear or outside edge, does not rupture
at the fastening and prevents leakage. Water freezing in round or similarly
shaped conductors or spouts ruptures the seams

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Thomson King in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th November 1882.
"
JOHN THOMSON KING of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CONDUCTORS OR SPOUTS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR.'
A communication to me from abroad by George K. Reber of Pittsburgh and
Thomas. W. Irwen of Allegheny, both in the state of Pennsylvania United States
of America."
This invention relates to sheet metal water conductors or spouts secured to the
sides of houses and other buildings, for the purpose of carrying rain water from
the roofs to the ground, or to tanks or other receptacles. It further relates to
attachments for securing the said pipes or conductors to the houses or buildings.
Heretofore sheet metal spouts or conductors have been made by bending the
metal into the required shape and uniting the edges by soldering brazing or by a
flat seam and they have usually been attached to the houses or buildings by
soldered or riveted flanges. With brick buildings more especially the said flanges
could not be put on until the position of the spout or conductor was first
ascertained, as it was necessary for the flanges to come opposite to a joint where
nails could be driven in and which was so related to the length of the section that
it would be held up against and in position with the section above it. Therefore
the work of putting on or attaching the flanges to the conductor or spout was
often necessarily and with great inconvenience done at the building. Moreover
conductors or spouts thus formed were secured to the side of the house or building
in such a position as to rest directly against the wall and any leakage or overflow
was absorbed by the wall so as to cause dampness along the line of the said spout
or conductor. To obviate this the conductors or spouts have been hung on brackets
so that they did not touch the wall; such brackets however are frail expensive and
unsightly and sometimes permit the conductors or spouts to be swung or moved
by the wind so as to loosen their connections with the roof and cause leakage.
By the invention now to be described the above objections are entirely overcome
and obviated.
The invention consists first in a water conductor or spout made with a projecting
or standing seam adapted to be turned towards the wall when the conductor is
secured in place and so prevent the said conductor or spout from coming into
contact with the wall. The seam is either single or double locked or lapped and
solder or other suitable binding agent may be used in its construction.
Second. In a fastener suitable for being driven or screwed into the wall provided
with a slot or recess to receive the projecting or standing seam, and a wedge for
holding the parts in contact.
Third. In a grooved or recessed flange fastening preferably made in sheet metal
attached to the projecting or standing seam and wall in any suitable manner.
Conductors or spouts under this invention are made of round octagonal or other
desired section and are fitted one into the other by bevelling or bending the
projecting or standing seam of the lower end of one section and widening or
expanding the upper end of the section beneath.
The said conductors or spouts possess the following amongst other advantages,
They do not require to be made with fastenings attached thereto and can be
completely finished in the work shop. They can when taken to the house or
building be easily inserted in fastenings without extra labour or work. They are
not injured by the expansion of water freezing therein as the seam spreads at its
front or internal edge but is held tight at its rear or outside edge, does not rupture
at the fastening and prevents leakage. Water freezing in round or similarly
shaped conductors or spouts ruptures the seams.

page_text: First Part. Fig 1 is a perspective view and fig 2 a cross section of the improved
water conductor or spouts
a is the water conductor, made of sheet iron or other suitable metal, of any
desired shape, either round, angular, or corrugated; here shown octagonal. b is the
seam uniting the two sides of the sheet from which the pipe is made. This seam b
is formed so as to stand up from the pipe, preferably at a right angle to a tangent
of the pipe, at the point from which the seam extends.
The seam b may be united in different ways, though the following is the way
preferred as it gives the firmest and best joint; By machinery suitable for the
purpose a crease is made along one side of the sheet and a bend along both sides,
so that when brought together the portions bent out will be flat together, the edge
along one side fitting within the crease on the other side and the whole extending
out from the pipe. Another crease or lock is then made by turning over part of
the standing or bent out portions, so that the first crease will come against the
extension or outstanding seam, thus forming what may be termed a "double-
locked outstanding seam.' This seam, as it is double locked, needs no soldering
to make it water tight, and will stand a heavy strain before a leak will be sprung
in it, and thus makes the seam of the pipe as strong as any other portion. The
outstanding seam b may however be united by rivetting or soldering.
"
The pipes or conductors are formed in lengths or sections and the upper section
slipped within the lower one to form any length of conductor desired. In order
to do this the lower end of the seam 6 of each section is sheared off in a bevelling
line, as at c and the seam of the upper end of the next section is opened as at d,
and the upper section slipped down into it.
Fig 3 is a sectional view of a modification of seam more secure than that shown
in figs 1 and 2. The construction of the seam is shown on an enlarged scale at
fig 4.
Fig 5 is a cross section through the joint of two pipes showing the way in which
one fits within the other.
Second Head. Figs 1 and 2 above described show the water conductors or spouts
with the improved fastener fitted thereto. Fig 6 is a view of the securing wedge
and Fig 7 a view of a fastener suitable for attaching the conductors or spouts to
woodwork
e represents the improved fastening nail, spike, or screw having a slotted
head with inwardly extending lips f. The seam b is placed in the slot, the over-
lap g stands at the back of one lip and a tapering or headed key i is dropped
or driven into the slot back of the other lip f. This secures the conductor firmly
to the fastener.
The manner of putting up the improved conductor is to drive or screw the
fasteners e in the required line, place the seam of the conductor in the slots of the
fasteners and then drop the keys into place. Thus there is no work to be done at
the building upon the conductor, and no care to be expended in placing the
fasteners, except to get them into line. The fastener is concealed from sight by the
body of the pipe, giving to the conductor a neat appearance. The seam being
towards the wall prevents the body of the conductor from touching the wall, so
that no overflow or leakage of the conductor can be absorbed by the wall, thus
protecting the wall from dampness caused by the overflow or leakage so common
in water conductors. The conductors can be set any desired distance from the wall
by regulating the length of the fastener accordingly.
Third Head. Fig 8 is an elevation, and fig 9 a perspective view of the improved
conductors or spouts provided with a flange fastening constructed in accordance
with the third part of the invention. Fig 10 is a perspective view of the said
flanged fastening.
k represents the fastener for securing the pipe, to the wall, it is preferably,

page_text: made of sheet metal bent to shape, though it may be cast to shape if desired.
Extending along the centre of the fastener is the longitudinal groove or recess
for the reception of the outstanding seam m and on either side of the groove are
the seats n formed to the shape of the conductor, so that when the scam m fits
within the groove the seats n will fit against the body of the conductor and so
brace it as to prevent its swinging.
In the drawings the conductor is octagonal in shape and the seam extends out
from one of the Hat surfaces of the pipe, so that the seats n are flat to correspond
with this surface of the pipe. Where the pipe is round the seats will be made
concave to correspond.
Beyond the seats n are suitable flat surfaces k, to attach the fastener to the
wall. The fastener may, however, be attached to the wall by means of books
and other devices suitable for the purpose. The conductor is secured to the
fastener by rivetting or soldering to the standing seam or to the body of the
conductor through the seats n.
The manner of hanging and using the improved conductor is as follows:-The
fasteners are attached to the different sections forming the conductor at suitable
distances, in such position that the outstanding seam m fits within the groove or
recess and the body of the conductor against the seats n. The sections are slipped
together, the upper ones fitting into the lower ones, and the flattened seams c at
the base separating the sections, so as to leave the openings o for conducting the
overflow back into the lower section. The conductor can be secured at any
desired distance from the wall by constructing the fastener so that the groove
is held away from the wall. It is held steady and prevented from swinging by
means of the seats n on either side of the groove, and the leakage or overflow is
carried through the opening back into the lower section of the conductor.
Having now described the nature of the said invention and particularized the
same in such manner that others will be enabled to carry it into effect.
I claim :-
Under the first part. (a) Water conductors or spouts made with projecting or
outstanding single and double locked seams substantially in the manner and for
the purposes specified.
(b). Water conductors or spouts with projecting or outstanding seams constructed
at their ends so as to fit one within the other substantially as setforth.
Under the second part. (1) The combination of a slotted or recessed fastener
and wedge with water conductors or spouts having projecting or outstanding
seams substantially as setforth, and (2) The combination of a slotted or recessed
nail or screw fastener having inwardly extended lips with water conductors or
spouts having projecting or outstanding seams substantially as set forth.
Under the third part. Grooved or recessed flange fastenings constructed sub-
stantially as herein set forth in combination with water conductors or spouts
having projecting or outstanding seams.
In Witness Whereof I the said John Thomson King have hereunto set my
hand and seal this seventeenth day of November in the year of Our
Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
JAMES JOHNSON
Patent Office
4, Clayton Sqr.
Lpool
Witness
J. T. KING (L.S.)