Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing and Preparing Pulverulent, Argillaceous, and other Materials.
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Mixing and Preparing Pulverulent,
Argillaceous, and other Materials.
I, Dr. PAUL JOCHUM of Ottweiler, Trier in the German Empire, Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention has for its object an improved construction of apparatus whereby
different pulverulent materials, such as for example the dry powdered clays required
for the manufacture of earthenware porcelain &c., are first mixed in a continuous
manner in the exact proportions required, and are then moistened to the required
degree for forming a cohering mass.
The construction of the apparatus for this purpose will be readily understood on
reference to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 shews a sectional elevation
of the mixing apparatus. Fig. 2 a cross section, Figs. 3, 4 and 5 enlarged details of
the spreading apparatus D, Figs. 6 and 7 details of the discharging scraper E.
Fig. 8 a plan of the discharging disc B and blades D, E and Figs. 9 and 10 plan and
elevation of the regulating cocks for the spraying apparatus.
The mixing apparatus consists of a number of charging hoppers A, A Figs 1 and 2
below which are revolving discharging discs B B. Each description of material
employed is charged into a separate hopper, so that there are as many of these as
there are separate ingredients. The finely pulverised material falling from the
hopper A on to the discharging disc B forms thereon a conical heap having its apex
in the axis of the disc and having an inclination varying with the nature of the
material. From these cones the different materials are discharged into a trough C
by means of stationary adjustable scrapers; and from this trough they are conveyed in
a more or less mixed condition by a revolving worm or conveyor into the mixing or
pugging apparatus F, where they are thoroughly incorporated by means of revolving
blades.
The arrangement of the scrapers for the above purpose is of special importance, and
constitutes the most essential feature of the apparatus.

page_text: In discharging apparatus heretofore employed, ordinary scrapers were made to
scrape away the material from the lower parts of the cones surface only, and in
consequence of the varying form of such conc, as above stated, it was not possible to
discharge from the different dises quantities having the required ratios to each other,
and consequently no uniformly constituted mixture of the ingredients was obtained.
In order to obviate this disadvantage I employ the following arrangement.
Each disc B has two scrapers, or blades namely the actual discharging scraper E
and the preparatory blade D.
The lower edge of the latter is situated a small adjustable distance above the surface
of the disc, and it has for its object to spread the outer part of the cone into an even
layer of uniform thickness on the disc, the scraper E being then made to act upon
and remove a definite part of this layer only, such quantity being accurately regulated
by adjusting the scraper E towards or away from the centre of the disc, for which
purpose there is provided an adjusting screw carrying a scale H having divisions that
correspond to definite quantities of material contained in concentric rings on the
discs, as shewn more clearly at Figs. 6, 7 and 8. With this arrangement it is possible
to discharge either equal quantities from all the discs or to make the quantity
discharged from one disc bear any definite proportion to that discharged from the
others or others.
In order to impart the requisite degree of moisture to the materials mixed in the
desired proportions, the pugging or mixing apparatus F is provided with two
nozzles K K', having an annular orifice at their circumference only, and situated in
the mouths of pipes L L through which an air blast is made to issue, such blast being
caused to convert the issuing liquid into spray that is deposited among the entering
pulverulent material.
Cocks O, O' are provided, as shewn at Figs. 9 and 10 for regulating the quantity of
liquid delivered through the nozzles K, K', such cocks being simultaneously actuated
by means of a rod S having rack teeth gearing with teeth on the plugs of the cocks.
On the one cock is fixed a quadrant scale P the plug being provided with a pointer,
so that by turning this into any desired position the quantity of the emulsion delivered
may be accurately regulated.
Having now, particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The use for mixing and preparing pulverulent materials of apparatus consisting
of a series of discharging discs B, each supplied with one of the ingredients for forming
the compound from a hopper A, and upon which the material is first spread in an even
layer by a preparatory blade D which layer is then removed from the disc by a
scraper E capable of adjustment so as to remove the exact quantity necessary for
producing the required proportions of the ingredients substantially as herein described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. The use for moistening pulverulent materials in incorporating or pugging
apparatus, of nozzles K K' from which liquid is discharged, situated inside pipes L, 11
for conveying air blast whereby the liquid issuing from the nozzles is delivered in the
form of spray among the materials to be moistened, the degree of such moistening
being regulated by means of regulating cocks on the supply pipe, substantially as
herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 18th day of Fuhmu 1007
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.