Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 11th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 28th Jan., 1887.
I, FRANK REES, of No. 19 Ferry Street, in the City and State of New York, United
States of America, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The principal features of this gun are as follows:-
A spring is used within the hollow stock, as the source of power for giving motion
to the parts through the agency of a chain. This spring is wound up from time to
time by a key. There is in the rear of the barrel a housing containing the breech
bolt and lock works, and the cartridges are supplied from a magazine below the barrel.
In the rear of the barrel is a S-shaped carrier upon an axis that is revolved by a
sectional gear and a wheel for the chain that leads from the main spring. When
the trigger is pulled, it acts by sears, latches and catches, to allow the half rotation of
a tumbler and of the carrier to bring up to position the cartridge from the magazine
and to carry away the spent cartridge case from the breech of the barrel. The breech
bolt is drawn back in the first part of this movement by a connection to a crank pin on
the tumbler. This draws the shell back into the carrier, and when the trigger is
allowed to swing forward, the movement is completed by the tumbler completing its
revolution and the breech bolt forcing the cartridge out of the carrier into the breech
of the gun and holding it there ready to be fired.
When the breech bolt is being drawn back, it brings with it the firing pin, and this
is caught and held by a sear while the breech bolt is projected, and, in so doing, the
spring of the firing pin is compressed and the arm made ready for firing when the
trigger is again pulled.
Within the housing, and in the rear of the revolving carrier, and in line with the
magazine, is a filling and ejecting chamber with a hinged door, and the passage of a
fresh cartridge rearward into the carrier forces the spent shell back into the ejecting
chamber and the door is swung open by an ejecting finger that is acted upon by a
connection to the revolving chain wheel, so that the cartridge is thrown out and then
the door is closed by a spring.

page_text: A moveable gate at the end of the ejection chamber and acted upon by the door,
prevents the fresh cartridge passing back into said ejecting chamber.
The. gear that intervenes between the shaft of the chain wheel and the carrier shaft
is sectional and provided with blocking surfaces to turn the carrier half a revolution
and then stop the same. The tumbler on the shaft of the chain wheel serves to control
the intermittent revolution of the chain wheel by being caught and then liberated by
the trigger and its sear.
The revolution of the chain wheel and a cam disk connected
therewith, serve to block the toggles that sustain the recoil of the explosion upon the
breech bolt. Upon the second pull of the trigger the sear of the firing pin is moved
and the firing pin projected to explode the fulminate.
A locking device is used to hold the scar of the firing pin to prevent the arm being
fired accidentally, and it also acts when moved to a different position, to allow the
carrier to be rotated for withdrawing the cartridge without firing it.
The magazine has a tubular extension that serves also as a bayonet; and at the rear
end of the magazine is a follower that is provided with an external finger piece, and
also a gravity catch and a screw to hold the contents of the magazine, in cases where
the cartridges are fed in simply by hand through the filling chamber.
The firing pin is forced backwardly in the breech bolt to withdraw the forward end,
hy a retraction with an inclined end taking against a fixed cam. A safety device is
employed to prevent the trigger moving in cases where the inain spring has run down
and the parts are not properly moved thereby.
ERNEST DE PASS, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
68, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in Repeating Fire Arms.
I, FRANK REES, of No. 19 Ferry Street, in the City and State of New York, United
States of America, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
In this repeating fire-arm a magazine is made use of, the same being placed beneath
the barrel, and a revolving carrier is employed for receiving the cartridge from the
magazine and elevating the same to the level of the barrel, a sliding breech bolt forces
the cartridge out of the carrier into the barrel, and supports the same during the
explosion and withdraws the cartridge shell.
The revolving carrier simultaneously conveys down the spent shell to the line of the
magazine and elevates another cartridge into line with the barrel.
One especial feature of the present invention consists of a spring and chain belt and
chain wheels attached to gearing by which the carrier is revolved and the proper
motions given to the other parts of the gun. This main spring is wound up with a.
key once for every sixteen shots, or more, depending on the length of the spring, and
the construction of the parts is such that when the trigger is pulled the arm is fired.
Upon the second pull of the trigger, the aforesaid spring revolves the parts so that the
spent cartridge is withdrawn from the barrel and lowered from the line of the barrel
to the line of the magazine, a fresh cartridge is elevated by the carrier and forced into
the barrel by the breech bolt and held there firmly, and the parts are then in position
for firing, hence the only movement necessary in operating this repeating arm by the
person using it, is to pull the trigger to fire and to pull the trigger a second time to
reload.
The power for all other purposes being derived from the main spring.
In the drawings, Fig. 1, is an elevation with the lock plate removed. Fig. 2, is a
cross section near the line a, a, Fig. 1, at the rear of the barrel and the follower of
the magazine and the parts connected therewith. Fig. 3, is a section near the liney, y,
of Fig. 2, shewing the rear end of the barrel and part of the magazine tube in section.
Fig. 4 is a detached view partly in section of the finger piece and its head for moving
the follower in the magazine. Fig. 5 is an elevation of part of the rear end of the
barrel, the magazine and its follower and a clamping screw. Fig. 6 shows the frame
at the stock or butt portion of the gun with the spring tube in section. Fig. 7 is an
clevation of the stationary lock frame and parts connected with it. Fig. 8 is a cross
section at the line, z, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a partial cross section at the line y, y', Fig. 7.
Fig. 10 is a detached view of the revolving tumbler, trigger and parts connected
therewith. Fig. 11 is a cross section of the housing and of one of the toggles and a
rear elevation of the revolving tumbler and the blocking piece upon the trigger.
Fig. 12 is an elevation, Fig. 13 a section of the extension magazine below the barrel.
Fig. 14 shews a portion of the chain, and Fig. 15 is a partial plan shewing the locking
shaft, and a part of the firing sear. Fig. 16 is a modification of the arrangement

page_text: shewn in fig. 6 and represents the butt frame with the wooden cheeks removed,
shewing the spring barrel and chain belt. Fig. 17 is a section of the butt and plan
view of the spring barrel. Figs. 18, 19 and 20 are detached views representing the
stop gate at the front end of the filling and ejecting chamber and the shaft for
actuating the same: Fig. 21 is a plan of the breech bolt and section of the lock frame.
Fig. 22 is a section of the breech bolt. Fig. 23 is an end view of the piston upon the
firing pin. Fig. 24 is a front end view of the breech bolt. Fig. 25 is a section of the
lock frame and the revolving carrier. Fig. 26 is a rear view of the revolving
carrier. Fig. 27 is a plan view of the lock frame and parts of the revolving carrier.
Fig. 28 shews the inner face of the revolving tumbler, and the shaft of the same.
Fig. 29 is a rear end view of the parts shewn in Fig. 7. Fig. 30 is a detached view of
the spring door and section of its hinge. Fig. 31 is an end view of the carrier shaft
shewing the pinion and square on its end. Fig. 32 is a separate view of the sear and
sear arm for the firing pin. Fig. 33 is an edge view of the cam, disc, stud, and toggle
link acted upon by said stud.
The barrel A, is either rifled or plain and the magazine tube C, extends along
beneath the same and is either half or full length, and it is retained in its place by the
ordinary middle band and the wooden forearm B. Within the magazine tube C is the
spring. c, and the follower e; this follower is provided with a projecting rib or ring 1,
and there is a sliding catch c² beneath the forearm and a finger piece c³, by which the
catch can be moved forward.
These parts are shewn in Figs. 3 and 4.
When the cartridges have all been withdrawn from the magazine, the end of the
follower c', projects into the revolving carrier, and prevents the carrier from being
revolved by the mechanism hereinafter described, but when the finger piece c³, and
catch c², are moved by hand forward and lengthwise of the magazine tube, the
follower c¹, is carried into the said magazine tube and the carrier can then be revolved.
It is to be understood that this piston c', is pressed forward along the magazine tube
by the cartridges as they are passed in by hand as hereinafter detailed.
The rear end of the barrel is received by and supported at the front end of the
housing E, which extends to the rear as a butt frame D, terminating with the stock
plate D, and there are wooden cheeks or stock pieces D¹, of ordinary character
extending up to the housing E, and there are removeable side plates E¹ and E², and
these are secured in place by screws introduced into the holes 2, 2. These side plates are
recessed, or made cylindrical as shewn in Fig. 2, to give room for the carrier to revolve.
Fis the trigger guard which may be of any desired shape, but it is preferably in
the form represented, so as to guard both the trigger F, and the safety finger piece
hereinafter spoken of. The revolving carrier G is made as represented in Figs. 1, 25, 26
and 27, and has two cartridge chambers, and at one side of each chamber there is a
longitudinal slot so that the revolving carrier is S shaped; this carrier is also grooved
longitudinally, see Fig. 26, within the chambers for the passage of the cartridge
extractor and finger that are connected with the breech bolt as hereinafter described.
The shaft or axle g, of the carrier extends through the same into the housing, and the
carrier is firmly united thereto by set screws 5, passing into the carrier laterally and
this shaft extends through a hole in the lock frame I which supports it and there is
a pinion g on the rear end of this shaft g, by which the carrier is made to revolve
intermittently. A rear view of this pinion is shewn in Fig. 31.
The fixed lock frame I is within the housing E and is removeable therefrom
together with all the parts carried by such lock frame and when in place it is retained
by screws e³, or other suitable fastenings.
At the rear end of the stock, and within the butt frame D, is a spring barrel H,
Figs. 16 and 17 containing a compensating coiled spring of suitable size and strength;
the axis of this spring barrel passes through forked bearings h, that project forward
from the lever h³, which is pivoted at 4, to the stock plato D2, and at the other end
there is a tightening screw 2 with a bridle nut that acts upon the lever to tighten
the chain H by drawing back the spring barrel. The axis of the spring barrel is
made with a ratchet wheel that is held by a pawl upon the forked bearings h, and

page_text: said axis terminates at one side as a square h³ for a winding key or crauk, either fixed
or removeable, of any suitable character that is applied to wind up the coiled spring
t any time previous to the firing of the gun.
The endless chain or belt H2 is of any suitable character, but I prefer to construct
the chain of long and short links, the long links being in pairs and the short links
occupying intermediate positions as shown in Fig. 6, and in the detached view Fig. 14,
the object of this construction being to obtain the spaces necessary for the teeth of the
chain wheels, so that said teeth may project up between the links.1, 1, and come against
the ends of the links 2, 2, in this manner the teeth are made sufficiently large to obtain
the necessary strength, and the links of the chain are straight and not liable either to
slip upon the chain wheels or to break in consequence of the sudden stopping and starting
of the parts.
In order to lead this chain from the spring barrel to the loading and firing mechanism
in the most convenient manner and without varying the ordinary shape of the gun
stock, I use the guide pulley H³, beneath which such chain passes, and this chain is
endless, and passes around the chain wheel I (Fig. 7) which is at the side of a cam
disk hereinafter referred to.
:0
behind and
The axis of the chain wheel 1, passes through the rear end of the fixed lock
frame I, and at the opposite end of such axis i is the tumbler K. This tumbler K is held
by the trigger sear and allowed to revolve progressively as hereinafter shewn, and upon
the inner face of the tumbler K are gear teeth 7 (see Fig. 28 and dotted lines in
Figs. 1 and 10) there are half as many teeth upon this tumbler as there are upon the
pinion which is at the rear end of the carrier shaft g, and upon the inner face of the
tumbler there are also flat projecting surfaces or ribs G, and upon the shaft
adjoining the pinion there is a square block 3 (see Figs. 27 and 31); the purpose
of the ribs and square block being to stop the revolution of the carrier and hold it in
its proper place by one of the flat ribs 6 coming in contact with the flat side of the
square block after the last tooth 7 has separated from the teeth of the pinion gl. It
will now be understood that the carrier G receives a half revolution for each complete
revolution of the chain wheel I, shaft i, and tumbler K, and that the flat ribs 6, at the
sides of the tumbler K, hold the carrier-pinion and carrier both before and after the
teeth 7, give to the carrier the said half revolution, thus preventing any incorrect or
loose motion of the revolving carrier before the breech bolt enters the same, or after
such breech bolt has been withdrawn.
When the breech bolt is within the carrier it cannot be revolved as the breech bolt
holds it firmly in proper position.
The breech bolt L is cylindrical at its front end and the rear part is square and it
At the rear end of the breech bolt, the
slides within the stationary lock frame 1.
toggle links L³ and I are connected, the latter being hinged at to the housing; these
parts are located in such a manner that the central joint of the toggle links can pass
slightly above the straight line between the centres of the other two joints, so that when
the explosion takes place the joint will be forced towards the housing E and be
supported thereby, and there is a spring between the joint and the housing E,
which spring throws the joint downward bending the toggle (L³, L) as soon as the
cam which holds up the toggle from below is revolved forward, and releases such
toggle. Upon the inner face of the cam-disc is a cam block (see Figs. 11 and 25)
and at one side of the toggle link L is a projecting stud 25 (see Fig. 11) this
cam pin acts beneath the projecting stud 25 to raise the toggle past the centre and
hold up the same during the firing of the gun, but as soon as the shaft i commences to
revolve, the cam pin is moved away from beneath the projection 25 and the toggle
is liberated and bent downwards by the spring .
The breech bolt L is moved backwards and forwards by the connecting rod 1,
extending from the pin upon the tumbler K to the pin l, that projects from the side
of the breech bolt near its front end.
The pin being at the opposite part of the tumbler K, to the teeth 7, these teeth 7
act to revolve the carrier G when the link and crank pin have acted to draw the
breech pin L back out of the revolving carrier G, and it is to be understood that the

page_text: pin is upon a block projecting from the side of the breech bolt L, see Fig 24, and
that this block slides lengthwise of the slot in the side of the carrier and when this
breech bolt is withdrawn, the block at its side passes into a notch in the side of the
stationary lock frame I (see Fig. 1 and 21).
On the upper front part of the breech bolt is a cartridge extractor o' formed of a
stiff spring with a hooked end and opposite to the same on the under side of the
breech pin I prefer to make use of a finger of which becomes a support for the rear
end of the cartridge so that the cartridge is withdrawn with facility, and this
extractor o and finger o slide within the grooves in the revolving carrier G before
named, and when the breech bolt and cartridge are drawn back, the shell is within the
carrier G, and as the carrier is revolved, the empty cartridge shell is carried out side-
ways from between the finger o² and extractor spring o¹. The revolving carrier is cut
away at 20 and 21, so that the projecting ends of the finger and extractor do not
interfere with the revolution of the carrier G.
The breech bolt is hollow and contains the firing pin n, around which is a helical
expansive spring a acting against the piston n. This piston slides within the tubular
portion of the breech bolt L, and its periphery is notched as shewn in Fig. 23 to allow
the air to pass freely from one side of the piston to the other.
A cylinder is made with the piston or with the firing pin to give it more weight and
the front end of the firing pin passes through a hole in the recoil block at the front end
of the breech bolt L. The firing pin extends to the rear through the breech bolt and
terminates with a catch block sliding in a slot in the square portion of the breech bolt
and above this is a sear n², with journals 8, working in the stationary lock frame 12 and
from one of these journals an arm n³ extends downwards; this is shown in the detached.
view, Fig. 32, and is hereinafter described.
When the breech bolt is drawn back, the firing pin is moved with it and the catch
block n passes beneath the spring sear², and when the breech pin comes forward
again, the hook end of this sear holds the block and detains the firing pin n, so
that the firing pin spring is compressed ready for firing, and when the cartridge is
forced home in the barrel and the parts are in position for firing, it is only necessary
to press against the sear arm, and unlatch the sear liberating the firing pin, and the
spring a projects said firing pin against the fulminating cap in the rear end of the
cartridge.
It is to be understood that when the breech bolt is drawn back, it carries with it
the firing pin n and the extreme front end of such firing pin would project from the
end of the breech pin, hence there would be a risk of exploding the cartridge when the
breech bolt was driven forward to force the loaded cartridge out of the carrier G into
the barrel. To prevent this contingency, I withdraw the firing pin entirely into the
breech bolt by means of the set back o; this is in the form of a spring cam lever
(see Figs. 21, 22) pivoted at 22, in a longitudinal mortise in the side of the square
portion of the sliding breech bolt L, and the rear portion of this set back is made as
an incline (see Fig. 21) and as the breech holt L is drawn back the set back runs into
contact with the projection of, and by it the set back o, is forced inwardly and the
inclined rear end of such set back acting against the front end of the catch block n'
forces the same back and draws the firing pin with it so that the forward end is within 4
the front end of the breech bolt.
As the breech bolt is forced forward and carries the loaded cartridge with it, the scar ²
catches the block holding back the firing pin and in this movement of the breech bolt,
the set back o is carried with it so that it passes away from the stationary projection of
and the spring of the set back throws the same into the position shewn in Fig. 215
where it is out of the way of the block n when the firing pin is thrown forward to
explode the cartridge.
The trigger F is provided with a trigger spring (see figs. 1 and 10) and S is a
trigger, sear hinged to the trigger, the pin 26 forming the pivot for both the sear and
the trigger, and S is a sear spring acting to move the sear S backwardly or towards 5
the trigger latch 3. The joint between the sear S and trigger F₁, is a stop or rule
joint so when the trigger is pulled the sear S is pressed forward.

page_text: Upon reference to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the tumbler K is stopped or locked by
the upper end of the scar S, and that the spring barrel and chain cannot now revolve
said tumbler and the arm 3 of the sear 2 is close against the front of the scar S, hence
when the trigger is first pulled the sear S acting upon the arm n³, unlatches the
sear and the gun is fired.
I provide upon the tumbler K a notch at 26, and this holds the end of the sear S,
so that it cannot move back after the firing, but the trigger F moves forward by the
action of the spring opening the rule joint between the trigger and the sear, and
allowing the trigger latch S, that is pivoted upon the trigger and provided with a
spring S, to fall into a notch upon the sear S, so that when the trigger F is pulled a
second time, the sear S is carried further forward (by the action of the trigger latch S¹)
and the upper end of the sear S is moved entirely clear of the tumbler K, so that said
tumbler K makes nearly a half revolution and the part 26 of the tumbler K is arrested
by the trigger hook f³.
During this half revolution the pin and link draws back the breech bolt L and
extracts the cartridge shell drawing the same into the upper chamber of the
carrier G, the toggle links L3, L4, folding downwardly. As soon as the pressure on the
trigger F is relieved, the hook f³ moves backwards and liberates the tumbler K, and
said tumbler K is turned by the spring barrel and chain and gives to the carrier G
another half revolution bringing a loaded cartridge up into line with the barrel and .
carrying down the empty cartridge shell into line with the magazine.
This takes place while the crank pin is turning its rear dead centre and there is
very little motion given to the breech bolt, but as soon as the teeth 7 separate from the
pinion g, the breech bolt is projected forward through the carrier G forcing the
cartridge into the barrel and cocking the firing-pin as aforesaid.
During the first half revolution of the tumbler K its end near the notch 26 acts upon
the tail of the trigger latch S' unlatching the same and allowing the sear S to be moved
by its spring S into its normal position, so that when the tumbler K. completes its
rotation it is arrested by the upper end of the sear S in the position shown in Fig. 1
ready for the arm to be again fired.
The spring returns the arm of the sear to its normal position, and this arm »³,
might be made in one piece, but I prefer to make it in two pieces, jointed together, as
shewn, in order that a device may be added so that the firing pin may be detained
when the other parts of the gun are moved for withdrawing a loaded cartridge without
firing it. With this object in view I make use of a small vertical shaft 2 at the lower
end of which is a finger piece t, by which such shaft can be partially rotated.
:
The spring acts against an incline upon the sear end, and at the joint 27, there
is a shoulder upon the sear end and a latch n upon the sear arm which taking
against the shoulder upon the sear end causes the sear arm and sear to be moved
by the trigger sear S in firing the gun.
If now the shaft is turned in one direction by the finger piece t³ the safety lock/
is brought against the sear end n and locks the parts so that the trigger cannot be
moved and the gun cannot be fired, but if the finger piece and shaft are moved in
the other direction, the arm, Figs. 1 and 15, comes against the latch n³ unlatching
the end from the shoulder of the sear " and at the same time forming a blocking
piece that holds the sear arm above the hinge joint 27 firmly.
If now the trigger is pulled twice, the end of its sear S swings the sear end upon
its hinge 27, at the same the revolving tumbler K is liberated and all the parts are free
to be moved except the firing pin, hence under these circumstances a cartridge can be
withdrawn from the barrel and the carrier revolved and the cartridge ejected without
being exploded.
In the fixed lock frame 1 there is a chamber in line with the magazine, the same
forming a filling and ejecting chamber M, Figs. 9 and 29, the inner surface of
which is semicircular, and the back end is a semicircular incline, and there is a
door m, Figs. 7, 9 and 25, to this filling and ejecting chamber. A pin 12 passes in
at the front end and connects the hinge of the door to the lock frame and around this
pin 12 is a helical spring 11, Fig. 30, one end of which is fastened to the pin 12, and

page_text: the other end to the hinge of the door m, and there is a clamping screw 10, the head
of which serves to bind upon the flanged end of the pin 12, so as to bold the said pin
and the spring at any point to which it may be moved, and thereby regulate the power
of the spring 11 to close the door m.
There is a shaft p, Fig. 30, running along through the lower portion of the lock
frame 12 and forming a pivot for the rear hinge of the door m, and beyond that hinge the
shaft pis square and enters a corresponding square hole in the kicker or ejector P.
This ejector P is in the form of a curved finger occupying a recess in the lock frame I³
at one side of the filling and ejecting chamber M.
Another method of operating the door is to connect the hinge pin and the door
together by a square upon the hinge pin entering a similar opening in one knuckle of
the door hinge, and at the end of said hinge pin 12, I make use of a crank arm 30
(see Figs. 7 and 8) against which crank the flat spring 31 bears and turns the pin 12 to
close the door m, and this door m is opened by the ejector P that is hung from the
hinge pin 12 and provided with a shoulder against the inner face of the door m, and the
finger 14 upon the axis acts against the ejector P to move the same for throwing
out the cartridge case or shell, and at the same time the door m is opened by the
shoulder upon the ejector.
At the front end of the stationary lock frame there is a gate 7, Figs. 7 and 29, at
the end of a shaft which is in line with the axis and there is a finger 14 Fig. 9,
on the rear end of the axis r, and a finger 15, Figs. 9, 18, 19 and 20 on the front end of
the shaft q, and these fingers come side by side, but at a little distance from each
other. The inner edge of the gate g towards the filling and ejecting chamber M is
curved to correspond to the shape of said chamber, see Fig. 29, and there is a friction
spring q² bearing against this gate q, so as to hold the same in any position to which
it may be swung and there is a thumb piece 3 at one side of this chamber M, and
extending out beyond the stationary lock frame 1 and there is a pin * projecting
from the thumb piece q³ and adjacent to the gate q.
When the door m is thrown open by pressing upon the thumb piece m², so as to
open the chamber M, the cartridges can be passed in through that chamber M and
through the lower chamber in the carrier G into the magazine tube C and when the
desired number of cartridges have been inserted, the thumb piece 73 is pressed
inwardly and the gate q is swung sufficiently to partially close the end of the
chamber M. and prevent the cartridges passing back into said ejecting chamber, and
when the door m is closed the edge of it presses back the thumb piece q³ out of the
way to its normal position, but leaves the gate q unmoved.
After the arm is fired, the first revolution of the wheel I causes the cam disk to
press down the arm r, Fig. 7, partly turn the shaft r, and by the finger 14 move the
finger 15, shaft and gate q, so as to swing the same out of the way of the cartridge
shell which is brought down and into the ejecting chamber to be ejected by the next
revolution of the wheel I.
It is to be understood that the empty cartridge shell is shoved back into the ejecting
chamber M by the loaded cartridge acted upon by the magazine spring and that said
cartridge shell remains in the chamber M to prevent the next loaded cartridge passing
back into said chamber and that when the wheel I is revolved the cartridge shell is
ejected from the chamber M, while the carrier G is being revolved, hence said chamber
is empty ready for the reception of another shell when the carrier has completed its
half revolution.
In fig. 6, I have shewn a helical spring H within the tube H and having a
follower H and a chain H to the fusee barrel EI upon the winding shaft. This
chain H preferably passes around a pulley Ho so as to obtain the desired length for
the tube H containing the expansive helical spring H. The end of the chain is
attached to the barrel H where the fusee is of the largest diameter, hence the power of
the spring is nearly equalized, because as the spring is compressed and becomes more
powerful the chain is wound upon a smaller part of the barrel.
In cases where the spring is nearly exhausted, the stud upon the cam may not
have sufficient power to press the toggle links L³, L' upwardly against the action of the

page_text: spring, and if the arm should be discharged while in this position the breech bolt
might be blown back, I therefore provide upon the hooked end of the trigger Fa
blocking piece fƒ, Figs. 1 and 10, projecting as an arm that comes at its end close
against the cogs 7, upon the rear of the tumbler K, but when the tumbler K receives
its entire movement and the toggle links L³, LA are properly placed and held by the
stud the end of the blocking piece swings with the trigger and passes in under
and below the lower tooth 7, upon the tumbler K in the act of discharging the piece,
but the trigger cannot be moved when the tooth 7 is in line with the end of the
blocking piece f. The end of this blocking piece f may be slightly inclined so as to
press beneath the tooth 7 upon the tumbler K and partially raises the same in cases
where the parts are very near to the correct position.
When the cartridges are being supplied by hand into the chamber M, it is con-
venient to hold the door m open. I accomplish this by means of a spring catch m²,
upon the side plate E¹ (see Fig. 9). This spring catch me passes into a mortise in the
finger piece m² of the door m, and the spring catch yields to allow the door to close
when sufficient pressure is applied to the door.
The follower c¹ is within the magazine tube C, and against it the spring eacts to
move the cartridges along into the revolving carrier; upon this follower c is a ring
flange 1, Fig. 3, and the stop piece c² and finger piece c³ prevent the follower c¹ passing
out into the revolving carrier.
When the last cartridge has been conveyed away by the carrier from the magazine,
the end of the follower c³, projecting into the carrier prevents the same being revolved.
I combine along with this stop c² and the finger piece c³ a gravity latch e occupying a
slot in the stem of the stop c² (see Figs. 3 and 4). This gravity latch drops into the
position shewn in Fig. 3, and prevents the finger piece being moved forward when
fire-arm is held in a horizontal position, because the end of the gravity latch drops
over and catches against a portion of the housing. If now the fire arm is held in a
vertical position, this gravity latch will hang out of the way of the housing and the
finger piece and stop c², can be moved so as to draw the follower c' out of and away
from the end of the revolving carrier G.
The object of this construction is to ensure the dropping out of the spent cartridge
case, from the carrier into the ejecting chamber, because if the arm occupied a
horizontal position when the follower c¹ is moved forward, the carrier G would revolve
and the spent cartridge shell would remain in the carrier, and be carried again into
the barrel, but the gravity latch c compelling the person using the arm to hold the
same in a vertical position before the follower can be moved, ensures the discharge of
the spent cartridge shell, because it drops by gravity back into the ejecting chamber M.
In figs. 2 and 5, I have shewn the holding screw c', as passing in through the metal
of the housing with its point adjacent to the follower c¹; the object of this is to allow
the arm to be used conveniently as a single firing gun (by shutting off the magazine,
either full of cartridges or empty) when cartridges can be supplied one at a time
through the filling and ejecting chamber M without being introduced into the
magazine.
With this object in view the screw c³ is screwed in and its end comes between the
two collars upon the follower c¹. This allows the follower to spring into the forward
end of the revolving carrier and prevent such carrier being revolved until such
follower is pressed back by the end of a cartridge supplied by hand through the
chamber M into the carrier and the follower holds the carrier until the spent shell is
ejected.
The screw e can be screwed in behind the last cartridge in the magazine so as to
retain the cartridges therein as a reserve when required and allow the arm to be used
as a single firing gun.
In many instances it is important to increase the capacity of the magazine, especially
in view of the rapidity with which the gun can be fired. In figs. 12 and 13, I have
represented a magazine extension tube C", the same having a socket to slip over the
outside of the magazine tube C, and there is a spring clip C³, or other fastening device,
to hold the magazine extension tube to the magazine; this allows for the introduction

page_text: of a large number of cartridges and the spring c of the ordinary magazine and the
follower c¹ pass into this magazine extension tube, and to obtain the necessary range of
motion an additional spring C is provided within the magazine extension tube C
As a matter of convenience this magazine extension tube may be pointed at the
outer end and provided with a cross piece C7, near the inner end to allow for its use
as a weapon if needed.
A moveable cap is to be provided for the end of the magazine tube C when the
extension tube is removed. I also find that it is important to keep moisture out of the
barrel. In cases where corks or plugs have been made use of they are liable to be
lost. I form the outer end of the barrel with a slightly tapering bore of a size to
receive a spent cartridge case so that such a case can be used as a plug, and I find that
it is much better than the plugs heretofore used because it is absolutely waterproof and
can be pulled out or replaced with great facility.
I find that it is preferable to make use of a steel plate at the end 26 of the sear S,
because the same is exposed to both concussion and wear, but it is preferable to insert
a plate of brass or copper between this steel plate and the end of the sear in order that
the comparatively soft metal may accomodate itself to the surfaces of the steel, and
act as a cushion in lessening concussion.
Similar plates may be placed at the inner surfaces of the trigger hook.
Having now described the nature of the Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I declare that I claim :-
First. The combination with the magazine for cartridges and a carrier for carrying
the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel, in a firearm, of a spring barrel capable
of being wound up, and a chain belt from such barrel and gearing acted upon by the
chain to revolve the carrier progressively, substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination with the barrel and magazine, in a fire arm, of a carrier to
convey the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel, a spring barrel capable of
being wound up, chain wheels and a chain from such barrel and gearing for revolving
the carrier, a reciprocating breech bolt for conveying the cartridge from the carrier to
the barrel, a crank and connecting rod receiving motion from the spring barrel, chain
and wheels for giving a backward and forward motion to the reciprocating breech bolt,
substantially as specified.
Third. The combination with the barrel and reciprocating breech bolt and its
actuating mechanism, of a revolving carrier for bringing the cartridge up to the
breech of the barrel and having two openings for the cartridge and longitudinal slots
for the connection between the reciprocating breech bolt and its actuating mechanism,
and a shaft and gearing for revolving the carrier, substantially as specified.
Fourth. The combination with the barrel and magazine, of a spring barrel capable
of being wound up, chain wheels, a chain, a revolving cartridge carrier, a shaft for the
same, a pinion upon the said shaft, sectional gearing acted upon by the chain for
turning the pinion and the stops for holding the pinion and carrier, substantially us
set forth.
Fifth. The combination in a magazine fire arm, of a revolving carrier at the rear
of the breech for conveying the cartridge from the magazine to the breech, a recipro-
cating breech bolt, a spring barrel, chain and chain wheels, and sectional gearing for
rotating the carrier and its shaft, and a tumbler, crank pin and connecting rod.for
moving the reciprocating breech bolt and forcing the cartridge from the carrier into
the barrel, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination with the barrel and magazine, of a revolving carrier to
convey the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel, a reciprocating breech bolt,
toggle links at the rear end of such breech bolt, a spring capable of being wound up,
a chain and chain wheels, a shaft and gearing acted upon by such chain to rotate the
carrier, a cam revolved with the gearing to act upon the toggle links and move them
beyond the centre, a spring to give the return motion to the toggles, a crank pin and
connecting rod to reciprocate the breech bolt, substantially as set forth.
Seventh. The combination with the magazine for the cartridges, the barrel, the

page_text: carrier behind and upon an axis parallel with the barrel, and gearing for revolving the
carrier, of a spring barrel adapted to being wound up, a chain connecting the barrel
and the carrier operating mechanism and chain wheels, a hinged lever and bearings
for the shaft of the spring barrel, a pivot upon the frame of the butt, and a screw for
tightening the chain, substantially as set forth.
Eighth. The combination with the magazine and barrel in a fire-arm, of a carrier
for conveying the cartridges from the magazine to the barrel and gearing for revolving
the same, of a spring barrel in the stock of the gun, a chain, chain wheels, and a guide
pulley for directing the chain in its passage through the stock of tho gun, substantially.
as set forth.
Ninth. The combination in a fire arm, with the magazine for cartridges, the barrel
and a revolving carrier to transfer the cartridges from the magazine to the breech, of
a spring capable of being wound up, chain wheels and chain, from the same and
sectional gearing for revolving the carrier, a tumbler revolved by the chain, a trigger
and sear for arresting the motion of the tumbler, a breech bolt for moving the
cartridge into the barrel, a firing pin, a spring and a sear for holding the firing pin,
substantially as specified, whereby the sear of the trigger discharges the firing pin
before allowing the tumbler to revolve, substantially as set forth.
Tenth. The combination in a fire arm with the revolving tumbler K for operating
the lock mechanism of the gun, of the trigger F1, the trigger sear S, latch S', hook f³,
the springs for the respective parts and the spring barrel capable of being wound up,
and the chain and chain wheels for giving motion to the tumbler, substantially as
specified.
Eleventh. The combination in a fire arm, with the spring barrel, capable of being
wound up, and the chain and chain wheels, of the tumbler K for operating the lock
nechanism of the gun, having a notch 26, the trigger F and sear S, the firing pin
and its sear, and the arm n³ upon the sear and the hook f³ upon the trigger,
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
Twelfth. In combination with the trigger F' and its sear S of the firing pin n,
sear n², for the firing pin, the arm n³, connected with the sear n²; joint 29, sear spring
and arm for holding the sear n² and the cartridge carrier G and its axle and
sectional gearing for revolving the same, whereby the sear n² and firing pin are
locked and held while the trigger and sear are being moved for allowing the cartridge
carrier to be revolved, substantially as set forth.
Thirteenth. The finger piece t, vertical shaft 3, supported in the housing, and
safety lock t, upon the shaft t² to lock the parts, in combination with the revolving
tumbler K the trigger and trigger sear between the tumbler and the safety lock, the
spring barrel capable of being wound up and the chain wheels and chain for revolving
the tumbler K, substantially as set forth.
Fourteenth. The combination with the fire arm barrel, the magazine for cartridges
and the revolving carrier behind the barrel for conveying the cartridges successively
from the magazine to the barrel, of the stationary lock frame 12 for supporting the
operating mechanism of the gun, having a filling and ejecting chamber M in line with
the magazine, a swinging door to the same, an ejector within the chamber, and the
crank arm p¹ upon the axis of the swinging door, link, cam arm r, and revolving
cam, and operating mechanism for actuating the ejector, substantially as specified.
Fifteenth. The combination with the magazine barrel, and revolving carrier, upon
an axis in line with the barrel, of the filling and ejecting chamber in the lock frame,
and in line with the magazine, the gate q at the front end of the ejecting chamber,
the shaft and finger 15, the shaft in line with the shaft ', the finger 14 and cam
arm upon the same and the revolving cam for moving the arm, chain and
actuating spring for moving the parts and swinging gate at the end of the filling and
ejecting chamber, substantially as set forth.
Sixteenth. The combination with the barrel and magazine, in a fire arm, of a
revolving carrier, an axis for the same parallel with the barrel, the stationary lock
frame having a filling and ejecting chamber in line with the magazine, a hinged door
for said chamber, and a spring for closing the same, a gate y, at the front end of the

page_text: ejecting chamber, a thumb piece 73 acted upon by the door of the ejecting chamber
and moving the gate, and an ejector within the chamber and mechanism, substantially
as specified, for giving motion to the respective parts as set forth.
Seventeenth. The combination with the tumbler K, and spring capable of being
wound up, of the chain and chain wheels for revolving the tumbler, a trigger F¹ and
sear S, beneath the revolving tumbler, a spring lock, upon the stationary lock frame
for the trigger scar and an incline upon said spring e, whereby the tumbler in its
revolution unlocks the trigger sear, substantially as set forth.
Eighteenth. The combination with the reciprocating breech bolt, and the firing pin
of the sear n² to hold the firing pin, the set back o pivoted within the breech bolt, and
having a cam end to act upon the firing pin, the stationary projection of with which
an inclined face on the set back comes into contact as the breech bolt is drawn back,
and the spring acting directly upon the set back to return it to the normal position,
substantially as set forth.
Nineteenth. The combination with the tumbler K, and the lock mechanism of the
fire-arm operated by the tumbler and the spring, of a chain made of short links intro-
duced between longer links, and the chain wheels having projecting teeth that pass in
between the pairs of longer links and act against the shorter links, substantially as specified.
Twentieth. The combination in a repeating fire-arm of a revolving tumbler and the
parts actuated by the same, chain wheels and a chain, a helical expansive spring, a
tube containing the same, a fusee barrel, and a chain extending from the same to the
follower of the helical spring, substantially as set forth.
Twentyfirst. The combination with the stationary lock frame, having the filling and
ejecting chamber M. of the hinged door m for said chamber, the axis 12 for the hinge
of the door, the crank arm at the end of the same, and the spring 31 for closing said
door, substantially as set forth.
a
Twenty second. The door m of the ejecting chamber hinged at the top and having
finger piece m² with a mortice in the same, in combination with the spring latch m
and the side plate E¹ that encloses the breech mechanism and to which the spring is
attached, substantially as set forth.
Twentythird. The combination with the revolving tumbler K, the trigger F¹ and
trigger sear S of the arm upon the end of the firing pin sear, the sear end n below
the arm n³ and the latch 8 both hinged to the sear arm n³, the shaft t², adjacent to the
sear end, finger piece ³ and blocking piece upon such shaft 2 substantially as set forth.
Twentyfourth. The combination with the trigger F and its hook revolving
tumbler K, reciprocating breech bolt, toggle arins L3 and L and pin of the
blocking piece, extending out from the rear of the trigger hook with its end
adjacent to the teeth 7, upon the tumbler K, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Twentyfifth. The combination with the magazine below the barrel, the follower c¹,
within the magazine, stop for the said follower, and finger piece outside the magazine,
of the gravity latch e, connected to the stop, substantially as and for the purposes set forth
Twentysixth. The combination with the revolving carrier behind the barrel, and the
magazine tube below the barrel, of the follower c¹ within the magazine tube, the stop
below the follower, the finger piece outside the magazine for moving the stop and
follower, and the screw c passing in from outside the housing for clamping the
follower, as and for the purposes set forth.
Twentyseventh. The combination with the magazine tube, of a removeable extension
magazine tube adapted to set over the magazine tube and an additional spring within the
same, and a fastening device for securing the extension magazine in place, substantially
as set forth.
ERNEST DE PASS, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
68, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the Applicant.