Improvements in and connected with Ventilation.
Year: 1899

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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Ventilation.
I, HEINRICH KLEIN, Manufacturer of Machines, Citizen of Pirmasens, Kingdom
of Bavaria, Germany, Teichstrasse 7, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
My invention refers to an arrangement of ventilation for the continuous venti-
lation of one or several rooms which may be situated in any way with regard to
the drum of ventilation.
The objects of my invention are:
1) The drum of a ventilator which on the circumference of its case has a
number of equally distributed apertures for the escape of the air;
2) The drum-case of a ventilator which during the time the ventilator is at
work, is put in a continuous rotary motion and which within certain intervals can
be caused to rotate to the right or left by means of one of the usual reversing.
gears:
3) An arrangement of fans resembling Venetian blinds which placed around
the drum-case are put in continuous laterally oscillatory and reciprocating motion.
In consequence of this arrangement the air which escapes out of the ventilator,
escapes not only in the width of the apertures provided for the escape of the air
but also to the left forwards or right according to the position the fans just happen
to have. I accomplish these objects by the mechanism shown in the drawings
subjoined to this where the same letters denote the same parts.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, represents a front view of the machine,
Fig. 2. Sheet 2, represents a section in the direction A-B of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3, Sheet 3, represents a view of the ground-plan of the machine.
The bearings of the shaft (A) of the drum of the case (B) of the ventilator
are directly secured to the wooden posts (CC) of a work- or drying room at a
suitable distance from the floor. If the rooms be very large two or more
ventilators may be put in the same in such a manner as to be put in motion by
one impulsion. (D) and (D1) are fixed and loose pulley for driving the shaft (A):
the former can alternately be put in rotation to the right or left by one of those
gears commonly used for this purpose. The wings of the shaft of the drum
are radial in this case in order to enable also this shaft to rotate to the right or
left, though this is not necessary as the change of motion may be caused later
that is to say only then when the drum-case is put in motion.
Secured to the shaft (A) by the side of the loose pulley (D1) is the little
pulley (E) which by means of the pulley (F) drives the shaft (G) which is near
the floor and parallel to shaft (A). Secured to the shaft (G) is another little
pulley (H) which by means of a belt or the like makes rotate the drum-case to
the right or left on the closed boxes (JJ).
The drum-case (B) has been cut open four times in its entire length so as to
obtain several apertures through which the compressed air may escape at the
same time on all four sides.
If we now suppose that the ventilator is at work and the drum-case is slowly

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rotating at the same time, it will be easily understood that the compressed air
which escapes through (B0 B0) out of the rotating drum-case has ample
opportunity of moving on with only short interruptions in the width of the
apertures in a complete circle around the machine.
But as under existing circumstances the space beyond the width of the drum
would entirely be excluded from any current of air, a number of circular metallic
fans (KK. .) and (K 1 K ....) have been arranged on both sides of the
drum-case. Each of these fans is movable on a vertical pin (L or L1) which is
fastened to the rail (M or M1) supported by the posts (NN 1).
All the fans on one side of the drum are on their back connected with one
another by rods (0) and (01) which by means of the motion of the drum
are put in a slow reciprocating motion, the air which escapes along the drum
thus not only escaping in a circle out of the same but also in a continuously
changing direction to the left forwards or right according to the positions the
fans just happen to have.
.
The arrangement by which I accomplish this reciprocating motion of the
Ventian-blind-like fans on both sides of the drum is as follows: Secured to
one end of the rods (0) and (01) are the cords (P) and (P1) which by means
of the crank (S) driven by the worm (Q) and the worm-wheel (R) are alternately
pulled to one side in the usual manner, the other ends of the rods (0) and (01)
being secured to the cords (P2) and (P3) respectively which led over pulleys
(UU 1) and provided with counterpoisès (TT1), by weight of the latter slowly
pull the fans to the other side during the up-stroke of the crank, and so on..
The cords (P) and (P1) which are always taught because of the counter-poises
(T) and (T1) are led to the rods (0) and (01) over pulleys (VV 1) and (V 2V 8)
respectively which are secured to the supports (W X and X 1).
If we now suppose the shaft (A) to make 512 revolutions per minute and the
ratio of gearing of the pulleys (E) and (F) to be 1:8, the shaft (G) would make
64 revolutions per minute; and if we suppose the ratio of the pulley (H) to
the diameter of the drum to be 1:10, the drum-case would only make 6, 4
revolutions during one minute.
The ratio of the gearing as well as the velocity with which the Venetian-
blind-like fans move to and fro may, of course, without any difficulty be changed
in such a manner as to yield the best possible results in the case in question.
Dated this 26th day of June 1899
I. HEINRICH KLEIN, Manufacturer of Machinery, a Citizen of the German
Empire, residing at Pirmasens, in the Kingdom of Bavaria, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
My invention relates to a ventilating apparatus for the continuous ventilation
of one or more rooms which may have any situation round about the ventilator
drum.
The objects of my invention are:
i
A ventilator having four vanes secured by ribs to its shaft which rotates
in a ventilator drum;
2A ventilator drum which on its circumference has a number of equally
distributed apertures for the escape of the air and which while the ventilator

page_text: is rotating also rotates, which rotation can within certain intervals be changed
from left to right and vice versa by means of ordinary gearing.
A number of fans resembling Venetian blinds and movable on vertical
pivots which placed along the two long sides of the ventilator drum at right
angles to the ventilator shaft are set slowly oscillating by special mechanism
through which they gradually change their position with regard to the ventilator
shaft from a right angle to an acute angle, say, to the left, and then returning
through the rectangular position assume an acute angle, say, to the right,
and so on.
Because of this oscillation of these fans the air forced out of the
apertures of the ventilator drum by the rapidly rotating ventilator escapes thus
not only in a straight line-i.e--in a direction at right angles to the ventilator
shaft, but also to right or left of such direction according to the position occupied
by the fans.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification-
Figure 1 gives a front view,"
Figure 2 a cross-section at A-B of Figure 1, and
Figure 3 a plan view of my contrivance.
The bearings of the shaft (A) are fixed to the wooden pillars (CC) of a drying
room at a suitable distance above the floor. For an especially large apartment
two or more ventilators may be placed side by side and simultaneously actuated
by the same driving power. (D) and (D1) are fast and loose pulleys for the
driving of the shaft (A). The fast pulley (D) can be made to rotate alternately
right or left by reversing gear of the usual kind. At side of the loose pulley (D 1)
on the shaft (A) there is as well a small pulley (E) which by means of a
pulley (F) drives a counter shaft (G) near the floor and running parallel with (A).
On the shaft (G) is another small pulley (H) which by means of a belt, or the
like, passing over the outer end of the drum above the closed journal-boxes (JJ)
can give a right or left impulsion continuously to the drum.
To produce various discharge-ports for the air, the casing of the drum (B)
is quadruply slit or cut open along its entire length, thus securing that the air
under pressure issues outward from four sides simultaneously.
Let us suppose that the ventilator is working with, during this time, the
drum-casing rotating slowly-e-at a lower velocity. Clearly, then, the air
under pressure which issues through (B0 10) of the rotating drum will circle
with but short intermissions round the machine, coursing on at a depth corre
sponding with the width of these apertures through which it is expelled. But,
as obviously, the air in the spaces beyond this layer would remain relatively
unaffected by its inrush. To obviate this, the Venetian blind-like fans, which
function as described in paragraph numbered 3, are arranged at the sides of the
drum as seen in the accompanying drawings. These metallic, crescent-shaped
fans (KK. .) and (KIK 1. . . ) are each movable on a vertical pivot
(LL
) or (L1 L1) fixed on rails (MMI) borne by pillars (NN 1) and
work hinge-wise. They are connected with each other at their backs by rods (0)
and (01) as the slats of a Venetian blind are connected. Through the movement
of the drum they obtain an out-and-in motion, being slowly agitated, and thus
the air streaming out of the drum is caused to issue in constant alternation not
only circularly but forward right or left.
.
The mechanism whereby a periodically recurrent backward and forward move-
ment is attained is, that connected with the rods (0) and (01) are lines (P) (P 1).
By means of a crank (S) which is driven by a worm (Q) and a worm-wheel (R)
these lines, are pulled toward one side alternately. The other ends of the rods (0)
and (1) are connected with the lines (P2) and (P3) which are led over rollers
(C1) and have counterpoises (T) and (T1) attached to their ends. The weight
of these counterpoises pulls the fans slowly to the reverse side, and so on.
lines (P) and (P1) are kept constantly taut by the counterpoises (T T1) and
are led to the rods (0) and (01) through means of the pulleys (V V 1) and
(V2 V3) which are fixed to the supports (W) (X) and (XÀ
The

page_text: Let it be supposed that the shaft (A) makes 512 revolutions per minute, the
ratio of gearing of the pulleys (E) and (F) to be 1:8; then the shaft (G) would
make 64 rotations in a minute. Suppose, further, that the ratio of the pulley (H)
to the diameter of the drum is 1:10, then at the same time the drum would
only make 6.4 revolutions in a minute. It is self-evident that the ratio of
gearing as well as the velocity of the backward and forward motion of the
Venetian blind-like fans may without any difficulty be altered as desired to
suit every emergency.
Having now particularly described and, ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what
I claim is
1-A ventilator which simultaneously ventilates all surrounding spaces, having
sundry air-vents or discharge-ports (B0 B0) along and arranged around the
drum-casing (B), the streams of air issuing from this apparatus being alternately
distributed outward at all sides by an automatically worked contrivance of fans
resembling Venetian blinds (K-X).
2--A ventilating contrivance, per above, wherein the drum-casing besides also
obtains a rotatory motion.
T
1041 1
T1
1000