Year: 1887

page_text: I, ALBERT LYMAN PARCELLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston,
in the County of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, U.S.A., Electrical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention has special reference to the class of motor shown in United States
Letters patent, No. 324,152, granted to me August 11, 1885. The details are fully
set forth below.
In the accompanying drawings-
Figure 1 is a plan; and
Fig. 2 a side elevation of a motor showing the vibrator-magnets arranged as in my
prior patent.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section through Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 a plan view showing the use of additional or auxiliary vibrator-magnets.
Fig. 5 a transverse section through Fig. 4, showing the switch devices.
Fig. 6 is a plan view, partly in diagram; and
Fig. 7 a side elevation showing a different arrangement of motor or vibrator magnets
and power-conveying or driving devices.
Fig. 8 is a view showing a non-resilient pivoted vibrator having independent
springs bearing upon it.
Fig. 9 is a view of a centrally-pivoted "walking beam" vibrator with accessory
springs; and
Fig. 10 is a view in which the armature on the vibrator is shown as an electro-
magnet.
The different novel features of the motor are illustrated detached in the various
figures. Of course they may all be combined in one motor, and are intended
so to be.
Referring now specially to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A is the vibrator, which may be
secured adjustably or otherwise in its support, and a the transverse armature carried
on its end. The motor-magnets BC are arranged opposite the armature or end of the
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page_text: vibrator outside of its curve of vibration, as in my prior patent. In the present
instance I dispense with the supplemental spring-circuit contacts shown in my patent
and employ switch devices only. The special form of switch illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3,
is as follows: The moving V-shaped switch D. is pivoted at its apex in a suitable
bearing in the base-board, and the vibrator A works in or between its legs or arms, as
clearly shown in Fig. 3. The upper faces of the two legs of the switch are curved or
inclined downwardly from the inside outwardly, and have seated in them the circuit-
contacts c b, through which the circuits of the vibrator magnets are completed. The
switch spring-fingers c¹ b', which rub over the contacts eb are respectively mounted in
brackets ef on opposite sides of the pivoted switch-block D, and are adjustably
secured in the brackets by means of screw thumb-bolts, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.
Obviously, by adjusting the fingers c¹¹ the moment of magnetizing and de-magnetizing
the vibrator-magnets CB may be varied to regulate the amplitude of vibration, or to
bring the contacts into the most advantageous position, so as to act most economically
as regards consumption of battery power. The circuits are clearly and unmistakably
shown by the diagram in Fig. 1, and description is unnecessary. The vibrator, as in
my prior patent, is straddled by the arms of an anchor-lever G, the rocking of which,
through the medium of suitable spring-pawls and a ratchet-wheel, imparts motion to
the shaft to be driven. In the present case, however, the vibrator has little or no play
in the jaws of the anchor-lever, but moves it positively in each direction.
arrangement is best adapted for a higher power motor, and also serves to impart a
greater speed to the driven shaft, as there is no lost motion.
This
Referring to Figs. 4 and 5 it will be observed that, in addition to the vibrator-
magnets CB, I employ an additional magnet Cor B¹, placed outside of the magnet C
or B. The operation is as follows: As the armature is drawn up to C or B the
circuit in that magnet is broken and the circuit completed through C¹ or B³, as the
case may be, so that magnet also acts upon the armature, thus increasing the power
and amplitude of the movement. The makes and breaks of circuit are of course so
timed as to act on the armature when it is in the position of greatest advantage. The
vibrator returns from its extreme position by its own resiliency until again acted on by
the magnet C or B. More than one additional magnet on each side might be used if
desired. The vibrator is here shown as driving a rotating shaft, as in Fig. 3, but in
the organization shown in Figs. 4 and 5 I employ a rotating switch or commutator H,
mounted on the driven shaft. The switch is clearly illustrated in Fig. 5. Its
metallic hub h, which is connected with one pole of the source of energy, is exposed at
four points, the spaces between the exposed sections being covered with insulating
material, and rotates in contact with the four spring fingers 12 34, which are mounted in
a post H¹. The fingers 1234 may be independently adjustable, so that the moment
of magnetization of each magnet may be varied, if desired. Thus by changing the
period of magnetism of the outer magnets they may be caused to act less vigorously
on the armature and the amplitude of vibration will be reduced, or the four fingers
may be bodily adjusted in a gang to vary the period of magnetization of all the
magnets, and consequently the amplitude of vibration. The legs of the circuit
leading to the several vibrator-magnets are numbered to correspond with contact-
fingers 1234, and the running of the circuits will be clearly understood. Thus,
assuming that the circuit marked 4 has just been completed, the next will be 1, then 2,
then 3, and then 4 again. The rotation of the hub is so timed as to bring a contact-
surface on it to the fingers at the proper time. Obviously, an impulse of vibration
having been imparted to the reed or vibrator, the magnets CCB B will continuously
drive it. In such an arrangement power may be taken from the rotating commutator-
shaft by means of a pulley H².
Referring to Figs. 6 and 7, I have shown a switch device which is the equivalent of
the rotary switch shown in Fig. 5. The vibrator in its movement reciprocates a
switch-arm I, which is provided with uprights i, which embrace the vibrator and
travel in a suitable guide I¹. The switch-arm is flexible or elastic, as indicated at the
point, and carries on its end a roller, which is either metal or has its periphery faced
with metal. This roller has its bearing on a downwardly-projecting pin, and travels

page_text: in a curved socket or track j, in a block of insulating material J. An oval-shaped
conducting-post j₁ stands in the center of the socket j, and is connected with one pole
of the source of energy. The wires leading from the magnets C B are respectively
connected with spring contact-fingers cb, mounted on the insulating-block J, and
projecting into the path of the roller or contact maker on the end of the arm I. As
the arm I is reciprocated by the vibrator the contact-maker or roller travels around
the conducting-post, being deflected in the proper direction at the limit of its stroke
by a spring k, one of which may also be placed on the side of the switch next the
motor. It passes between the finger c or b and the post j¹, in contact with both the
finger and post, and alternately completes the legs of the battery-circuit, which
include the vibrator-magnets. The block J is shown as sliding in guides J', so
as to accommodate itself to varying degrees of amplitude of the vibrator, and may be
steadied by springs J2, secured on the bed-plate and bearing against each end.
Instead of placing the vibrator-magnets opposite the end of the reed, I may locate
them above or below, or both above and below, on each side of the center of vibration,
with their poles in a plane parallel with the plane of vibration and opposite the
outer end portion of the reed, as clearly shown in Figs. 6 and 7. In that case
the armature or armatures A¹ may be arranged on the outer end portion of the
reed, and may be parallel with it, as shown. The circuit-connections are the same as
with the other arrangement. The magnets CB may be arranged on one side of the
vibrator only-i.e., either above or below; but I prefer to employ magnets X, placed
opposite C and B, respectively, to act on the opposite side of the armature, as such
arrangement gives better and more economical working. Of course the upper and
lower magnets on each side may be included in the same circuit. As indicated by
dotted lines in Fig. 6, additional magnets arranged on the same principle as those in
Fig. 4 may be used. The legs of the circuit including them will run to additional
spring contact-fingers to be placed on the block of insulating material J in proper
relation to the travelling circuit-maker 2. With this construction the vibrator has
the same freedom of motion, and may be drawn beyond the poles of the vibrator-
magnets. The distinguishing feature of my invention, both in this form and as shown
in my patent, is this capacity of the vibrator, which is of course due to the novel
relation of the magnets to the vibrator. In these figures I have shown another
manner of taking power from the vibrator. A pitman L, sliding in a suitable guide L'
provided with adjacent vertical lugs having adjustable screws, between which the
vibrator is clamped. The pitman carries at its end two racked arms, one of which
gears with the upper side of a pinion m, and the other with the under side of a
pinion o. The pinion m is fast on a shaft n, which has one bearing in a suitable post
and the other in the end of the main shaft P, and carries a friction-disk m¹, which
rotates within the open face of a flanged disk or drum Q, fast on the end of the
shaft P. The disk m¹ is provided with friction clutch-blocks m², pivoted in sockets
therein, and so arranged either to be thrown out by springs or drawn out by friction
to clamp the disk and drum together when the pinion m rotates in one direction, and
permit the free rotation of the disk m³ when the pinion rotates in the other direction.
Such clutch devices are well understood, and more elaborate illustration is un-
necessary. The pinion o is fast on a sleeve o¹, on the shaft n, and carries a disk o²,
which also rotates within the drum Q, and is equipped with similar clutch devices.
Obviously the main shaft P will be continuously rotated in the same direction, the
movement of the pitman in both directions acting to produce the rotation of the
shaft P in one direction. As there is no lost motion of the vibrator between
the screws carried by the pitman, it follows that the greater the amplitude of
vibration the higher will be the speed of the driven shaft P. This is also true of the
ratchet-and-pawl arrangement shown in Fig. 3, as the greater the amplitude of
vibration the greater the number of teeth on the ratchet-wheel which will be traversed
by the pawls. The vibrator, instead of being resilient, may be rigid and pivoted and
have springs A', either plate or coiled, acting against each side of it, as clearly shown
in Fig. 8.

page_text: In Fig. 9 I have shown a walking-beam vibrator pivoted at its middle and having
an armature at each end. Magnets C B are arranged to act on each end in con-
junction with each other, as will be plain. The vibrator is returned to its central
position by the action of the accessory springs A². Power may be taken from the
vibrator in any of the ways shown or in any suitable manner.
The armature may be an electro-magnet, as illustrated in Fig. 10. In that case
the circuits may remain the same as in Fig. 1, with the addition of the armature
circuit, as follows: One insulated wire a, leading from the armature-coil may be
carried along the vibrator to its support, and then connected with the minus wire of
the battery, as shown. The other wire, a¹, which may also be carried along the
vibrator, is connected with both posts ef of the spring-fingers c b. In this arrange-
ment the armature and field magnets are connected in arc; but any other arrangement
of circuits may of course be used. For instance, the coils may all be connected in
series, or the armature-coil and field coils might be connected in different circuits.
It is of course plain that the opposite field-coils may each have independent circuits.
The running of the circuits in Fig. 10 will be plain.
I have now described the several features of my invention. While they are illus-
trated as embodied in a practical working manner, I do not of course limit them to
the specific structures shown, as, doubtless, variations may be made without departing
from the principles of the invention.
Motors constructed in accordance with my invention may be used for all the
purposes to which electric motors are applicable. They run with a smooth and
regular action, and are economical in construction and consumption of battery-power.
These advantages are due, among other reasons, to the facts, first, that the power is
applied at a distance from the fulcrum or fixed point of the vibrator and a distance
from the load, thus giving a large leverage in favor of the motor; and, second,
because of the absence of induced counter-currents in the coils and circuits.
It should be understood that in my improved motor the rate of vibration remains
the same, and that variation of magnetic attraction affects the amplitude only.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is.―
1. The combination, in an electric motor, of a vibrating bar fixed at one end, the
vibrator-magnets arranged with their poles opposite the edge of the vibrator and in
a plane parallel or substantially parallel with the plane of vibration, and the circuit
and circuit-connections of the vibrator or motor magnets, whereby the vibrator is
continuously actuated.
2. The combination, in an electric motor, of the vibrating bar fixed at one end,
vibrator-magnets arranged opposite the edges of the vibrator on both sides, with their
poles in planes parallel or substantially parallel with the plane of vibration, and the
circuit and circuit-connections of the vibrator-magnets, whereby the vibrator is
continuously actuated.
3. In an electric-motor, the combination of the vibrator, a series or succession of
magnets arranged on each side of the center of vibration, electric circuits, and switch
or commutator devices for successively completing and interrupting the circuit
through the magnets on each side of the center of vibration as the vibrator moves
from the center outwardly, substantially as set forth.
4. In an electric-motor, the combination of the resilient or spring-controlled
vibrator, the vibrator-magnets arranged in succession on each side of the central line
of vibration, electric circuits and switch or commutator devices for successively
making and breaking the circuit through the magnets on each side of the central line
of vibration, the arrangement being such that the vibrator returns to the central
position by its own resiliency, and is then attracted outwardly on each side by the
successive action of the vibrator-magnets.
5. In an electric motor, the combination of the resilient or spring-controlled
vibrator, an armature rigidly fixed on the end thereof, the vibrator-magnets the poles

page_text: of which are arranged to be in close proximity with said armature as the vibrator
vibrates, but always out of contact therewith, and rotary switch or commutator devices
and circuits, substantially as set forth.
6. In an electric-motor, the combination of the resilient or spring-controlled
vibrator, the vibrator-magnets, switch devices and circuits, and a reciprocating power-
conveying pitman connected with the vibrator between its armature end and its fixed
end, substantially as set forth.
7. The combination of the resilient or spring-controlled vibrator, the vibrator-
magnets, switch devices and circuits, a reciprocating pitman, and clamp devices for
connecting the pitman with the vibrator, substantially as set forth.
8. In an electric motor, the combination of the spring-controlled walking-beam
vibrator, and the vibrator magnets arranged out of the path of vibration, substantially
as set forth.
9. In an electric motor, the combination of the spring-controlled centrally-pivoted
walking beam vibrator, an armature on each end thereof, and the vibrator-magnets
arranged to act on each armature.
10. In an electric-motor, the combination of a resilient or spring-controlled
vibrator, the vibrator-magnets, the circuits, the switch-block, the hub, and adjustable
contact fingers, substantially as set forth.
11. In an electric-motor, the combination of a resilient or spring-controlled vibrator,
an electro-magnetic armature carried thereby and rigidly fixed thereon, vibrator-
magnets arranged out of the path of vibration of said armature, and having their poles
so arranged as to be in close proximity to the pole of the electro-magnetic armature
as the vibrator vibrates, but not in contact therewith, electric circuits, circuit making
and breaking devices, and circuit-connections whereby the vibrator is continuously
actuated by the vibrator magnets, substantially as set forth.
Dated this Second day of April 1887.