An Improved Mode of Automatically Controlling Pneumatic Pumps Driven by Belting or other Power so as to Maintain a Mean Head of Pressure or Vacuum เ
Year: 1888

page_text: 1889
Date of Application, 11th Apr, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 10th Jan,
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Feb,
1889
DESERVE C
An Improved Mode of Automatically Controlling Pneumatic Pumps
Driven by Belting or other Power so as to Maintain a Mean
Head of Pressure or Vacuum
เ
P
We, EDWARD MANWARING BAIN FS, Newspaper Proprietor, and JAMES BROWN
MCCULLOCH, Printer's Engineer, both of the establishment of the "Leeds Mercury,"
Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows
-
It relates to a mode of starting and stopping one or more air pumps by causing
the head of pressure or vacuum in the receiver to act on an independent counter-
balanced piston in such a way that, when the maximum head is reached, it moves a
valve which governs larger piston (also acted upon by the receiver) connected with
either the stopping and starting valve of the motor, or with a belt running on fast
& loose pullies, the counter-balanced piston bringing about contrary result when
the minimum head only exists in the receiver
The object of our invention is to produce in automatic appuatus for muntaining
a me in working head in the receiver and thus to save the cost of the attendant hereto-
fore necessary to look after the pneumatic plant, the whole arrangement being one
that wastes no power
We accomplish our object as follows,-Take the case of a vacuum required to be
maintained at a mean head in a receiver A connection is made between the receiver
and the upper end of a vertical cylinder in which the before mentioned counter-
weighted piston works The lower side of this piston is open to the atmosphere but
weights are so attached as to prevent its rising until the desired maximum vacuum is
produced When this is produced the piston rod in rising actuates a valve which
places the upper side of a larger piston, also, in connection with the receiver
under side of this piston is also open to the atmosphere and is free to fall whenever
the overhead vacuum is destroyed It is also connected by any suitable gear to the
stop valve of the motor or to the belting on the fast & loose pullies so that when the
vacuum causes it (the piston) to rise it stops the pumps, after which they remain
standing until the vacuum has been reduced to the minimum head
The

page_text: When the minimum head, only, exists in the receiver the weights on the counter-
balanced piston cause it to fall and by so doing the beforementioned valve is moved
in contrary direction and the atmosphere is admitted and the vacuum destroyed on
the upper side of the large piston The weight of this piston (which may be assisted
by any counterbalancing) causes it to fall and by so doing the starting of the
apparatus is effected
Pressure pumps would be arranged in a corresponding manner
Although we have mentioned a vertical arrangement of pistons it must be under-
stood that we do not bind ourselves to it, neither do we bind ourselves to the particular
det uls described as they may be casily varied
In some cases stop valves may be arranged with advantage to enable the pressure
or vacuum to be cut off from the cylinders, or other disengaging stops may be
arranged to suit such circumstances as may ause
Dated this Tenth day of Anul 1868
WM SNOWDON,
9, Becketts Bank (hambers, Leeds, Yorks,
Agent for the Applicants

page_text: An Improved Mode of Automatically Controlling Pneumatic Pumps
Driven by Belting or other Power so as to Maintain a Mean
Head of Pressure or Vacuum
"
We, EDWARD MANWARING BAINES, Newspaper Proprietor, and JAMES BROWN
MCCULLOCH, Printer's Engineer, both of the establishment of the "Leeds Mercury,'
Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement
It relates to a mode of starting and stopping one or more ur pumps by causing
the head of pressure or vacuum in the receiver to act on an independent counter-
balanced piston in such a way that, when the maximum head is reached, it moves d
valve which governs a larger piston (also acted upon by the receiver) connected with
either the stopping and starting valve of the motor, or with a belt running on fast
& loose pullies, the counterbalanced piston bringing about a contrary result when
the minimum head only exists in the receiver
The object of our invention is to produce an automatic apparatus for maintaining a
mean working head in the receiver and thus to save the cost of the attendent hereto-
fore necessary to look after the pneumatic plant, the arrangement being one that
wastes no power
We accomplish our object as follows, and in order to fully explain ourselves we
have annexed a drawing which is a Sectional Elevation showing a mode of applying
our automatic governing apparatus when required to maintain mean vacuum in a
receiver, by moving a belt off and on fast & loose pullies as may be required A
connection is made by the pipe A, between the receiver and the upper end of a
vertical cylinder B, in which the beforementioned counter-weighted piston, C, works
The lower side of this piston is open to the atmosphere but weights, D, D, are so
attached as to prevent its rising until the desired maximum vacuum is produced
When this vacuum exists the piston rod in rising actuates a valve, E, which, by
moving across the face of the ports, also places the upper side of a larger piston F,
(working in the cylinder G,) in connection with the receiver The receiver is not
shown but the pipe, H, connects the vacuum to the underside of the valve and thence
thro' the port J, when open to the upper side of the piston F-The underside
of this piston, F, is also open to the atmosphere, and it is free to fall whenever the
overhead vacuum is destroyed It is also connected by suitable gear to a belt working
on fast and loose pullies, so that when the vacuum causes it (the piston) to rise it
stops the pumps, after which they remain standing until the vacuum has been reduced
to the minimum head Or the piston may be connected to the Stopping and Starting
Valve of the motor When the minimum head only exists in the receiver the
weights on the counterbalanced piston, C, cause it to fall, and by so doing the before-
mentioned valve is moved in a contrary direction, and the atmosphere is admitted
thro' the port J, (which is then open to the valve box whose lid, K, is perforated,)

page_text: The weight
and the vacuum is thus destroyed on the upper side of the large piston
of this piston (which may be assisted by any balance-weights) causes it to fall and
by so doing the bell crank lever, L, throws the belt from the loose pulley, M, over to
The valve E 15
the fast pulley N, and the starting of the apparatus is effected
shown worked thro' bell crank lever P, but may be worked direct in certain 5
cases Stops or buffers should be arranged to limit the travel of the lever Las
required A movable stop or catch should also be arranged to hold up the larger
piston when the machine is to be thrown out of work so as to relieve the belt from
the side strain at such a time If the valve chest is made air tight a regulating coch
may be fixed thereon to admit atmospheric au slowly so as to avoid a sudden drop of 1
the piston F The collars Q, Q, on the small piston rod are adjustable Play is
allowed between them and their tappets and also on the spindle of the valve E, when
RR 1s
distances correspond with the maximum and minimum range of vacuum,
the side plate by which the whole apparatus may be fixed to a wall if such be
convenient
Pressure pumps would be arranged in a corresponding manner-say is follows
Suppose both Cylinders to have solid bottom covers, & open tops, with pipes and
Then when
distributing valve arranged to lay on the pressure beneath the pistons
the average of pressure was exceeded the smaller piston, C, would rise and admit the
When the
air pressure beneath the larger piston F, which would stop the machine
pressure fell sufficiently the small piston, C, would descend and move the valve and
so cut off the pressure from under the large piston and open that end of the cylinder
to the atmosphere The pressure in the valve case would be laid on the top of the
valve in such an arrangement and the exhaust port would communicate with the
atmosphere Although we have mentioned a vertical arrangement of pistons it must
be understood that we do not bind ourselves to it, neither do we bind ourselves to the
particular details described as they may be easily varied In some cases stop valves
may be arranged with advintage to enable the pressure or vacuum to be cut off
from the cylinders, or other disengaging stops may be arranged to suit such circum-
stances as may arise
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is
1 The mode of using a variation of vacuum, or pressure, stored up in a receiver
before and whilst being used, by introducing such into a small cylinder fitted with a
piston, counterbalanced according to the requirements, and causing this to actuate a
valve governing the admission or exclusion of such vacuum or pressure from a larger
cylinder whose piston communicates with and controls the Driving-belt, or the
Stopping & Starting Valve of the storage pumps, with the object and for the purpose
set forth
2 The manner of arranging and constructing the automatic mean pressure con-
troller or governor, substantially as described and shown, with the object and for the
purpose set forth
1000