IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the >
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH."-A communication from abroad by Josiah
Gates, of Lowell, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Sealed the 23rd January 1874, and dated the 9th December 1873.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 9th December 1873, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," and have
petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made

page_text: C
solemn Declaration that it has been communicated to me from abroad
by Josiah Gates, of Lowell, Massachusetts, United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal, fully
describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in what 5
manner the same is to be performed in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the accompanying Drawing forming a part of
this Specification :-
The first part of this Invention relates to the cloth winding or take up
for looms, and it consists in a peculiarly constructed lever pivoted to the 1
sword of the lay and carrying a counterbalance pawl pivoted to an ear
rising from the pivoted end of the lever and a spring for holding the
rear end of the lever against the tension of the cloth when it is so
slackened as to require taking up or tightening.
Figure I. of the Drawings represents a cross section of a loom a little 1
inside of the end frame with the said improved take-up apparatus applied
to the same.
A 2, represents the cloth roll having a ratchet wheel B¹ on one end,
a little inside of the sword C³, rising from the rocker shaft E, and
arranged to work in the usual way. The cloth roll is shorter than the 2
loom, and it is supported in bearings upon an open bracket D projecting
in ward from the end frame F, leaving room between the frame and the
bracket for the oscillating sword and the ratchet wheel.
At the forward side of the loom, and hung to the bracket or other
support is a pawl P¹ to hold the wheel against the draught or unwinding 2
action of the cloth on the roll. In practice the pawl P¹ generally is in
two parts, that is to say, a long and a short pawl to catch and hold on
the distance of half a tooth, one pawl catching ahead of the other, and
vice versa.
To the lower portion of the sword O¹ a lever L of peculiar construction 3
is loosely pivoted at c, an ear or projection d¹ rises above the pivoted
end of the lever, and to this ear a counterbalance pawl g³ is hung near
its centre by an easy working joint or a pivot e³, the outer end n¹ being
most weighty, holds the catch end S in contact with the teeth of the
wheel B¹. The arm H of the said lever extends rearward, as shewn, and 3
a spring K is attached to its end and to some fixed object or part of the
frame.

page_text: The backward and forward motions of the sword impart the same
motions to the lever L, and the pawl 93, causing the latter to engage with
the teeth of the wheel, and when the cloth is slackened by the intro-
duction of filling in the web and by the action of the let-off mechanism,
the motion and power of the oscillating sword cause the connected pawl
g to turn the wheel and the roll and wind up the cloth as fast as it is
woven.
During the weaving and cloth winding or take up process there are
intervals of time when the tension on the cloth is sufficient, such tension
being regulated by the strength or yielding action of the spring K. At
such times when the forward motion of the sword brings the catch
end of the pawl into contact with a tooth of the wheel instead of turning
the latter, the yielding action of the spring K allows the forward pressing
force of the pawl to react against the ear d¹. Thus by reversed action
the rear end H of the lever is forced downward one, two, or more times
in succession as the sword oscillates, but a little less distance each time,
until the woven-in filling and the action of the let-off mechanism so
slacken the cloth that the tension of the spring will overcome the tension
of the slackened cloth when the spring holds the lever up in a position
which causes the connected pawl to turn the wheel and the roll, and
wind up the cloth as before described. The desired tension of the cloth
is regulated by the tension of the spring which is intended to have its
top end secured at a point higher on the fixed support to increase its
effective power and lower to diminish it. The lever Land the pawl and
spring K form new and very useful means for operating the cloth roll
by a ratchet wheel, also for regulating and controlling the tension of the
cloth whether the action of the let-off mechanism be regular and uniform
or irregular; the yielding action of the spring, and the consequent
described action of the lever and pawl render the apparatus capable of
accommodating itself to the action of any common let-off mechanism.
The second part of this Invention relates to the apparatus or
mechanism which is used on certain kinds of looms for stopping the
shuttles in the proper position in the moveable shuttle box or boxes,
thereby preventing the passing of the end of each shuttle beyond the
end of the shuttle box or boxes to obstruct the movement of the latter
whether vertically or other sliding or revolving boxes. .
Figure 2 represents an end elevation; Figure 3 a front side elevation;
lanan tan miaw of a nortion of a loom embodying this

page_text: part of my Invention. This part of the said Invention consists in a
curved lever or cam A¹ having an operating incline d, and pivoted to or
near the end frame B in combination with and by a cord or strap f
connected to the picker staff C near its upper end, with a spring S¹
attached to the lower end of the staff, and to some fixed object about in
line with the staff movement; the lever or cam are operated to move the
staff by a stud or brace 9', which in practice may be the end of the back
plate that carries the sliding shuttle boxes or the guide for the said plate
at the inner ends of the said boxes, either of these being an equivalent.
for the stud g. The cam lever A¹, with the strap f, spring S¹ and
brace g', or equivalent, form a new and very useful combination for the
purpose described.
When the operating lay advances to beat up the filling the connected
brace 9 is carried forward clear of the incline 9, and the strap is
slackened, and the draught on the upper part of the staff is relieved, and
its top end is moved outward by the action of the connected spring S¹,
carrying with it the pricker to a point clear of the ends of the moving.
shuttle boxes; then it remains until said boxes are moved, and one of
them set to receive the shuttle from the opposite end of the loom, and as
the lay recedes the brace 9' engages with the face of the incline d of the
cam lever A¹, and moves its forward free end inward, and by means of
the strap draws the upper end of the staff and the picker n³ towards
the shuttle box; the latter will be in a position about as shown in the
Drawings, and ready to catch and stop the advancing shuttle, so as to
prevent its end passing beyond the end of the shuttle boxes to obstruct
their movement.
The third part of this Invention relates to jacquards which are used
on certain kinds of looms, and has for its object to simplify the con-
struction and cheapen the machine by reducing the number of parts
which constitute the journal and harness operating apparatus.
Figure 5 represents an end elevation; Figure 6 a plan or top view
with the top boards y removed.
Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 represent each a cross section, the former
through the needle at one side of the hooks and the three latter at one
side of the needle. This part of the said Invention consists in the a
peculiarly constructed needle and the pivoted swinging hook bars, so
arranged in relation to each other and to the journal operating hooks

page_text: and other connected parts that each journal and its connected harness
can be operated by a single hook, if preferred, all the hooks are pressed
forward and backward by the needle actuated by the cylinder, and by a
spring at the rear end of the needle; the rear hooks 3 and 4 have a
3 yielding action caused by springs in the shell of the needle in addition
to that given by the movement of the needle, so that all the hooks are
alternately or successively hooked on their bars to operate their con-
nected journals and harnesses without the aid of the ordinary vertical
and cross shaft, and the cam or cams and levers. The swinging hook
bars are pressed back by the rear hooks when operated by the cylinder,
and returned by springs in the needle so as to allow the rear hooks to
pass their bars when the trap boards are lowered; thus alternate rear
hooks are enabled to hook on their bars and raise a rear journal and a
harness when the trap boards are raised by the connecting mechanism.
The six sided cylinder having holes in alternate sides to receive the end
of the needle and alternate plain sided ends to press back the needle,
and thereby to press and omit to press back the needle as the alternate
sides of the cylinder are presented to the end of the needle the holes in
the cylinder receive the needle end which at such times remains at rest
and allows the forward hooks in cach pair of hooks to hook on to their
bars, and the plain side of the cylinder to press the needle back which
carries the rear hooks in each pair of hooks back to a position where
there they will engage with the rear bars alternately.
A represents the frame and the cylinder; y, the top boards; X, the
front and W the rear trap board which with the guides U, hammer C,
and the front and rear needle boards and p, and nearly all the other
parts are constructed and arranged as usual. The needle N constructed
as described, and the pivoted swinging hook bars c² enable me to
employ four hooks 1, 2, 3, 4, at one or both ends of the jacquard, and
thereby to operate each journal and its connected harness by a single
hook or by a single pair of front rear or middle hooks when such hooks
and swinging bars are used on both ends of the machine.
In the construction of the said needle the forward part is slotted
vertically for the easy passage of the two forward hooks 1 and 2, and
the slots are long enough to permit either forward hook to assume an
inclined position when the other forward hook is hooked on its bar on
the trap board, therefore either forward hook will pass through the slot
between the fixed bars V when the trap board descends and be ready to be

page_text: pressed forward or backward as the case may be when the cylinder or
the spring R operates the needle. The rear part of the needle has
longer vertical slots 9 and g¹ with a fixed bar 92 between them and
between the hooks which slide up and down each side of the bar.
Forward of the hook 3 and at the back of the hook 4, and within
each slot g and g¹ is a sliding block e, having pins e¹ projecting from
each end, and moveable in slots e² through the opposite sides of the
needle. Each block e has a connected spindle c¹ sliding into a socket c
in the needle, and on each spindle is a spiral spring n between each
block e and a shoulder i in each slot. The spiral springs n cause the
blocks e to press the hooks against or towards the bar g², but allow the
hooks to yield alternately as they are pressed forward or back by the
needle actuated by the cylinder Z, or by the spring R on the rear end of
the needle; the said spring is placed between the rear needle board p
and a shoulder j on the needle. Both the forward and the rear trap
boards have slots h¹ for the passage of the heads of the hooks when the
traps descend, and each slot h¹ has a hook bar at each end thereof to
catch and hold the ascending and descending hooks.
.
The bars V on the forward trap boards are fixed, but the bars S on
the rear trap boards are in two parts and pivoted, as shewn in Figure 6,
so as to swing back against the action of springs 14, arranged and
fastened to the trap board inside of the arm 8 of each pivoted bar; this
arrangement allows the heads of the rear hooks 3 and 4 to pass their
bars and hook on them when the rear trap board descends, the position
of one of these pivoted hook bars swing back and with the hook 3 in the
act of passing the pivoted bar is clearly shewn in Figure 6, these pivoted
hook bars have stops & beyond their arms 8 to prevent the springs 14
pressing them back so far as to bring the bars S too near the hooks, the
rear hook bar on the rear trap board is shewn in about the right position
with its arm against the stop h.
°
When the jacquard is properly connected with say a carpet loom and
is in operation, the lower ends of the hooks or their rods are constructed
with the journals of the several harnesses and operate as follows:―The
rear hook 4 is raised by the rear trap board as seen in Figure 9, hook 1
is ready to hook on its bar on the forward trap board, the cylinder Z
with one of its sides having a hole 3 pressed against the front needle
board (and the needle end in the hole in the cylinder) as in Figure 6.

page_text: The next movement of the machinery raises the forward trap X which
raises the hook 1 and as the forward trap rises, and the rear arm
descends the hook 3 presses back the hook bar S as shown in Figure 6,
and the hook 3 passes the bar, and as the rear trap rises by the next
movement the hook 3 is raised as in Figure 7. Again, turning the
cylinder by the hook P the said cylinder is pressed back with one of its
plain sides against the end of the needle, and against the front needle
board, pressing the needle back with the upper ends of the three uncoṇ-
nected hooks; this movement brings the hook 2 directly over its bar
and the next movement rises the forward trap and the hook 2 as seen in
Figure 10. Still pressing back the needle the next movement raises the
rear trap and with its hook 4 as seen in Figure 9. The next movement
turns the cylinder and presses one of its perforated sides against the
front needle board, and the forward trap, and hook 1 ascends as before
described assuming a position as shewn in Figure 10.
When the plain sides of the cylinder are pressed against the end of
the needle and this is pressed back the hooks 2 and 4 are in action, and
when the perforated sides of the cylinder are pressed against the front
needle board the needle end enters the holes and the needle is not moved;
then the hooks 1 and 3 are in action, the changing of the hooks is
affected by pressing back the needle and by the pivoted swinging hook
bars operating as described.
The fourth part of this Invention relates to and consists in improve-
ments in that part of the shuttle called the bobbin catch, and has
for its object to furnish a longitudinally yielding as well as a rocking or
oscillating bobbin catch, or one that will yield to the action of the blow
of the shuttle and allow the bobbin of filling to move forward at each
blow of the forward end of the shuttle, and to recede or be drawn back
as soon as the shuttle ceases its forward motion. By this contrivance I
save much filling which in the use of the ordinary bobbin catch is either
separated or loosened, or has its unwinding capacity so impaired as to be
useless for filling; I also save many filling bobbins, the heads of which
are split or broken by the action of the suddenly stopping shuttle, and
the rigid or unyielding bobbin catch heretofore in use.
:
Figure 11 represents a bottom side view, and Figure 12 a central
section of the rear or spindle carrying end of a weaver's shuttle
embodying. this part of the improvement. a, represents the bobbin

page_text: .
catch constructed with a longitudinal slot 6 and a rising rear end d³, and
furnished with a spiral spring E' and a retaining pin f, while the
shuttle is supplied near 'the forward end of the bobbin catch mortice
with a stop or bar c as a bearing for the forward end of the spring.
The usual fulcrum pin e' passes through the slot 6 and this allows the
bobbin catch and the bobbin to move forward or to yield to the action of
the blow of the shuttle when its forward end strikes, and this yielding
action prevents injury to the filling or to the bobbin as before stated.
The spring E¹ instantly returns the bobbin and catch or draws them
back after each blow of the forward end of the shuttle, the said spring
acts between the bar c' secured to the substance of the shuttle, and the
ear d³ rising from the rear end of the bobbin catch plate, while the
pin f projecting forward from the ear holds this end of the spring in
position not only when in action as before described, but also when the
rear end of the bobbin catch is passed upward to release the catch
end a from the groove 9° in the head B³ of the bobbin. To accommodate
the forward end of the moveable bobbin catch the wider end D of the
slot in the under side of the shuttle is made larger as seen in Figure 11,
but a narrower catch would obviate the necessity of changing the slot.
The spring E¹ performs the double duty of returning the catch and the
bobbin when thrown forward, and also of returning the rear end of the
plate into position when pressed upward or inward to disengage the
forward or catch end a from the groove in the bobbin; instead of
the pin fa a recess may be made in the face of the ear d³, and the rear
end of the spring E¹ seated and held in such recess.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing. the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. The lever L, pawl 98, and spring K in combination with and
operating and ceasing to operate the ratchet wheel B', and the cloth roll a
in the manner and for the purpose described.
Second. The cam lever A³ constructed and pivoted in combination
with the strap-f, staff c, spring S¹, and the operating brace 97, all
arranged and operating as herein set forth and for the purpose
specified.
Third. The needle N constructed with slots for the hooks and spindle
furnished sliding blocks è having springs n in combination with the
3

page_text: hooks 1, 2, 3, 4, and with the cylinder Z and the spring R on the rear
end of the needle all arranged and operating in the manner and for the
purpose described.
Fourth. The pivoted spring furnished swinging hook bars 8 con-
structed and applied as described in combination with the moving trap
boards and with the hooks 1, 2, 3, 4, and the needle N, all arranged and
operating in the manner and for the purpose described.
Fifth. The combination of the pivoted spring actuated swinging hook
bars S, and the needle N, and hooks 1, 2, 3, 4, each constructed as
described, and all arranged and operating as and for the purpose set
forth.
Sixth. A longitudinally yielding bobbin catch applied to a weaver's
shuttle and operating to relieve the bobbin, and the filling from the
action caused by the striking of the forward end of the shuttle, all as
herein set forth and for the purpose specified.
Seventh. In combination with a weaver's shuttle a longitudinally
slotted and pivotted bobbin catch provided with a rear end d³, a
spring E', a returning device f², and a stop c', in the substance of the
shuttle.
Eighth. A bar or stop c¹ in a shuttle as described in combination
with a bobbin catch arranged to move longitudinally or in line with the
shuttle spindle and the bobbin of filling thereon.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
Witness,
W*. ROB. LAKE.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)