Improvements in Elastic Tyres and in Wheels for Use therewith.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th May, 1899-Accepted, 22nd July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Tyres and in Wheels for Use therewith.
I, JULIUS FREYSINGER, of the Firm Gummiwaaren-Fabrik Russia, Gebruder
Freysinger, of 24, Schlockstrasse, Riga-Sassenhof, in the Empire of Russia, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say: -
Elastic tyres as at present used have, nearly all, the defect of being under an
elongation of from 7 to 9% of their length when mounted upon the wheel rims,
that is to say they are on the average smaller than the wheel rims and must
therefore be stretched in order to be got into position. If such a tyre be injured
when in use, as for instance by cutting, the cut gradually enlarges of itself owing
to the tension of the rubber.
Moreover, in the base of such tyres, iron studs or pins are inserted transversely
at regular distances apart to lock or jam against the inwardly bent edges of the
wheel rim, thus securely retaining the tyre on the said rim. The mounting or
fixing operation is consequently very difficult, as the iron pins have each to be
brought into an oblique position by pressure, and the tyre has then to be forced
into the rim. Removal of the tyre, on the other hand, is almost impossible with-
out injuring it.
Owing to the edges of the rim being bent inwards, the rubber at the corre-
sponding place is firmly compressed, and owing to the friction and compression
set up during riding, the rubber very soon becomes defective.
All these defects are entirely obviated by my improved tyre, the mounting or
fixing and the removal of which can be very easily effected by anyone. The
rubber is neither subject to tension nor to compression, consequently it will never
tear but must wear quite evenly and very gradually. Moreover, by using the
improved rubber tyre riding is much smoother and more elastic than by using
ordinary tyres, and the tyre owing to its approximately conical shape has the great
advantage that it does not throw the mud sidewise.
My improved tyre is represented by way of example in the accompanying
drawings.
Into the base of the tyre a (Fig. 3) which is of approximately triangular cross
section, a closed band or ring e of steel is inserted and is firmly secured in position
in the rubber by strips of canvas f. As the tyre cannot be stretched it is neces-
sary, in order that it may be put in place, to employ a rim either capable of being
opened laterally, or the periphery of which can be reduced. A rim of the latter
kind is shewn in Fig. 1 and is constructed as follows; A flexible rim b of U shape
in cross section having a groove which fits the rubber tyre is cut through at
one place so that the two ends, as shewn in Fig. 1, can be slid over one another.
The periphery of this rim can be thus reduced so that in this state the tyre can
be passed over its edges into its groove. The rim is then returned to its former
true circular state, that is to say its ends are made to meet or abut.
Thus the tyre is mounted in an absolutely reliable manner without any tension

page_text: upon the iron or metal rim, and separation of the rubber from the rim, owing to
its elastic nature, is quite impossible, because the circumference of the steel
bande is smaller than that of the outer edge of the U shaped iron rim b.
In order to secure the cut part or joint of the rim b, a closed wedging or filling
ring c is inserted in the rim, as shewn in Fig. 2, and firmly secured thereto by
screws, rivets, or otherwise. The ring c carries spoke sockets d in which terminate
the spokes of the wheel.
Now, in order to fix or to remove a tyre, all that is necessary is to separate the
two rings b and c, the latter remaining firmly connected to the spokes of the
wheel. Thus fixing can be effected easily and rapidly.
The wedging or filling ring c is not, however, absolutely necessary, as the spoke
sockets d may be fastened direct to the ring b, and the cut or joint may be closed
by fixing over the same a metal plate, or a spoke socket d.
Fig. 3 represents a vertical cross section through the rubber tyre, the rim band
the ring e, while Fig. 4 shews the application of a plate c¹ instead of the wedging
or filling ring c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. An elastic tyre provided with means for preventing stretching and so
arranged that when in use it is neither under compression nor tension, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
2. The combination of a tyre provided with means for preventing stretching, a
rim which can be made smaller to pass inside said tyre and can then be expanded
to its normal size to fit the same, and means for keeping said rim at its normal
size and for retaining the wheel spokes in place, substantially as described.
3. My improvements in clastic tyres, and in wheels for use therewith, substan-
tially as hereinbefore described with reference to the annexed drawings.
Dated this 10th day of Vow 1000
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 5*, Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.