Improvements in Automatic Locking Devices for Nuts.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 24th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left. 24th Feb.. 1893-Accepted, 15th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Automatic Locking Devices for Nuts.
I, WILFRID AFFLECK MCWILLIAM of 4 Douglas Terrace Paisley in the
County of Renfrew, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange locking
devices for application to nuts used upon bearings, connecting rods and other parts
of machinery whereby the thrust upon the nut operates to tighten it upon the
screw or bolt, thus ensuring an automatic lock position.
In carrying my invention into effect, when applying it to a cap of any ordinary
bearing having two studs or bolts; I arrange a self gripping lever to act upon the
nuts when the "knock" is given to the bearing when in ordinary work.
I form my nuts somewhat deeper than usual arranging the hexagon or head for
spanner purposes upon the upper portion only; the lower or body portion of the
uut I form as a plain cylindrical surface; around this cylindrical surface I place a
collar which I cause to encircle loosely this plain portion.
I sometimes keep this in position by means of pins projecting from the collar
and resting in a groove which I cut around the body of the nut to receive them.
On to the collar 1 rivet or secure a stud or pin parallel to the bolt, and I place
upon this pin a peculiarly shaped cam lever having its cam portion shaped to.
fit against the body of the nut; while the other end of the lever I form as a
spring having preferably a double loop before being made into a corresponding cam
like end for fitting on to the stud of the other screw nut encircling collar; thus
the two nuts upon the two screws of the bearing cap are connected together by
means of the double ended springing lever cam, each end being free to spring
independently of the other, by reason of the independent striking studs which
attach to the cap.
These striking studs or lever tightening pieces I form with conical or taper inner
surfaces preferably circular and attach to the top of the cap in any ordinary
manner, such that the incline surfaces of the striking pieces are brought in
contact with suitable portions of the nipping cam lever; thus, when the block cap
is slack and a "knock" is given by the bearing, the inclined pieces are forced up
and the cam ends are caused to thrust against the bodies of the nuts, and thus to
give them a slight twisting motion causing them to screw down and seat upon the
cap, when further "knocking" will be arrested. The spring portion of the
Jever ensuring that the cam surfaces will be kept against the nuts, by the action
of the springs against the fixed conical pieces attached to or formed upon
the cap.
Sometimes I place washers beneath the bottoms of the nuts to make a good
bedding surface, and to provide for adjustment.
When arranging my improved locking arrangement to suit nuts in positions,
other than upon bearings where "knock is likely to occur, and where the nuts are
not in pairs, I arrange my nut with its circular body and encircling collar as before
described, but I cause the lever to have a plain projecting end to operate the cam
or gripping end; the projecting end being caused to bear against a stud or fixed
bar, so that when the end of the lever was pressed against the bar, the nipping cam
would give pressure upon the nut to prevent its turning; thus the tendency of the
nut to slacken and cause the lever to exert a pressure against the body of the nut.
sufficient to prevent its motion.
I modify the form of lever together with the form of attachment of collar and
operating studs to suit any particular requirement.

page_text: I do not limit the application of my invention to bearings but employ the same
essential features of construction as herein before described of other screwed nuts
for ordinary purposes.
Dated this 21st day of Mav 1892.
CLERK & MARKS,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Automatic Locking Devices for Nuts.
1, Wilfrid AFFLECK MCWILLIAM, of 4 Douglas Terrace, Paisley, in the
County of Renfrew, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange locking
devices for application to nuts used upon bearings, connecting rods and other parts
of machinery whereby the thrust upon the nut operates to tighten it upon the screw
or bolt; thus ensuring an automatic locking position.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings I illustrate the simplest
methods of carrying my invention into effect.
Figure 1 is a part sectional elevation and part front elevation of my invention
applied to a cap of any ordinary bearing having two studs or bolts A A¹ and
Figure 2 is a part sectional plan of same;
Figure 3 is a part sectional plan on the line ay (Figure 1), and Figure 4 is an
end elevation corresponding to Figure 1.
I arrange a self-gripping levers H to act upon the bolts A A¹ when the "knock"
is given to the bearing when in ordinary work. I form my nuts C C' somewhat
deeper than usual arranging the hexagon or head for spanner purposes upon the
upper portion only: the lower or body portion of the nut I form as a plain
cylindrical surface C²; around this cylindrical surface I place a collar D which I
cause to encircle loosely this plain portion. I sometimes keep this in position by
means of pius E projecting from the collar and resting in a groove F which I cut
around the body of the nut to receive them. On to the collar I rivet or secure a
stud or pin G parallel to the bolt, and I place upon this pin a peculiarly shaped
cam or gripping lever H having its cam or encircling portion shaped to fit against
the body of the nut; and its end resting and working against the inclined
surface L² of the striking pin or stud L, and on the head or end of this striking
pin or stud L we attach and secure the bow end of the spring H¹³, the other end of
which is secured to the collar D and tends to force round the said collar D, and
with it the gripping lever H working on the inclined surface L² of the striking pin
or lever tightening piece L and by this means when the cap K is slack and a knock
is given by the bearing the inclined piece on the striking stud is forced up and the
encircling portion of the lever H is caused to thrust against the body C³ of the
nut, and thus to give it a slight twisting motion causing it to screw down and seat
upon the
cap, when further knocking will be arrested. The action of the spring
also ensures that the cam surface or encircling portion of the gripping lever H will
be kept against the nuts.
Sometimes I place washers or pads M preferably of soft elastic material beneath
the bottoms of the nuts to make a good bedding surface, and to provide for
adjustment.
When arranging my improved locking arrangement to suit nuts in position other
than upon bearings where "knock" is likely to occur, and where the nuts are not
in pairs, I arrange my nut with its circular body and encircling collar as before
described, but I cause the lever to have a plain projecting end to operate the
or gripping end the projecting end being caused to bear against a
stud or fixed bar, so that when the end of the lever is pressed against the bar
cam

page_text: the gripping cam will give pressure upon the nut to prevent its turning; thus the
tendency of the nut to slacken and cause the lever to exert a pressure against the
body of the nut sufficient to prevent its motion.
I modify the form of lever, position and shape of striking stud, together with the
method of attachment of collar to suit any particular requirement.
I do not limit the application of my invention to bearings, but apply the same
essential features of construction as herein before described to other screwed nuts
for ordinary purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The construction and arrangement of an automatic nut locking device in
which a lever is employed to grip and give a thrust to the nut when the outer
portion or end of such lever is pressed or when a fixed stud or bar is pressed.
against the lever, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The combination and arrangement of an automatic nut locking device in
which the "knock" of the cap or bearing is utilized for causing a stud or block to
give a movement to a nut gripping or twisting lever such as H substantially as
and for the purposes herein before described as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3. The construction and arrangement of nut locking devices substantially as
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1893.
CLERK & MARKS,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.