Improvements in or relating to Copying Lathes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 31st Dec., 1897-Accepted, 19th Mar., 1898.
[Communicated from abroad by JAMES HENRY REED, Manufacturer and Designer
of Machinery, of 89, Hanover Street, Lynn, in the County of Essex, and
State of Massachusetts, United States of America.]
Improvements in or relating to Copying Lathes.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, 6, Lord Street,
Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and
Lower Temple Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object to provide an improved machine for turning
or forming articles of wood which have an irregular shape such, for example, as
lasts for boots or shoes, which shall operate automatically and continuously with-
out the intervention of hand-labor, to form or shape the last or other articles
from a blank to the exact shape required.
My invention is fully set forth in the following description, with reference to
the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view from above of al
machine embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the machine shown Fig. 1, viewed from the right
of said figure.
Fig. 3 is a similar view from the left of said Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the same.
Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Fig. 1, showing the last in position as also the
last-holding mechanism and cutters."
Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. 1.
Figs. 7 and 8 are details showing in side elevation and plan respectively the
finishing cutters and their operating mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a detail on a larger scale of the supplementary holding mechanism
and its operating means.
Fig. 10 is a plan view from below of the supplementary holding devices, and
their operating mechanism shown at the left of Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the cylindrical support shown in Fig. 5.
In the manufacture of wooden articles of irregular shape, as for example, lasts
for boots or shoes, the mechanism now in use, so far as known to me, while
adapted to turn or form the last from the blank or block of wood from a point
near the toe to a point near the heel is not adapted to finish the last. By the
present methods, after the machine has formed the last along the sides and top
and sole to a point near the heel and toe thereof, the unfinished last thus pro-
duced is taken out of the machine and the heel and toe portions thereof finished
by hand. Since it is very essential that the heel and toe portions of the last be
accurately formed so as to coincide in all respects with the model, the operation
D
077

page_text: of finishing the last by hand is comparatively slow and expensive and requires
skilled labor. By the machine hereinafter described which embodies my present
invention, I am enabled not only to finish the sides and top and sole of the
last, but also to finish the heel and toe thereof, forming them on exactly the
lines of the model, the entire operation from the placing of the block of wood. in
the machine to the production of a finished last being automatic and continuous
and not requiring throughout any portion thereof the employment of hand-labor
or the direction or supervision of a skilled operator.
Having reference to the drawings:
A is a table provided with suitable legs B by means of which it is supported.
On the table,A is mounted a sliding carriage C which is adapted to slide on
ways D supported by the table A and located at each end of the said carriage C.
The carriage C carries a sliding plate E which is adapted to slide in ways 2 on
the carriage C. By this arrangement the carriage C is permitted to have a
lateral movement and the sliding plate E on the carriage C a transverse move-
ment. The sliding plate E carries toward one end thereof a follower 3 which is
mounted in suitable bearings 4 on said plate E. The follower 3 is of the wheel
or disk-shape shown, the periphery of the said disk being rounded or curved in
cross section. The follower 3 is in contact with the form or pattern which is
to be duplicated out of the block of wood upon which the cutter hereinafter des-
cribed operates. If it be a last for boots or shoes which is being formed the
pattern last will be in contact with the follower 3, the said pattern being held
rigidly in the holding mechanism hereinafter described which is adjacent the
said follower 3. It will be apparent that the lateral movement of the carriage C
and transverse movement of the sliding plate E will permit the follower 3 to be
brought into contact with all portions of the revolving pattern from a point
very near the toe to a point very near the heel thereof. At the other end of
the sliding plate E, I provide a cutter 5, also mounted on said 'table in a manner
similar to that in which the follower is mounted. The cutter 5 is preferably
of the same disk or wheel shape as the follower, and is provided at its periphery
with a series of knives or cutters, so that as the cutter. 5 is rotated in the same
relative position, with reference to the long axis of the block from which the last
is to be formed, that the follower 3 occupies with reference to the long axis of
the pattern-last, the block will be cut or turned to the same shape as the pattern,
the said follower 3 and said cutter 5 being given the same movement relatively
to the pattern and block of wood respectively.
For the purpose of rotating the cutter 5 the shaft of the said cutter is provided
with a belt pulley 6, through which power is independently applied to rotate the
said cutter 5. For the purpose of moving the carriage C laterally with reference
to the table A, I provide a screw 7 which is mounted in bearings 8 on the table A,
and which passes through a threaded hole on the underside of the carriage C.
At one end of the said screw-shaft 7 is secured a beveled gear 9 which is in mesh
with the beveled gears 10 and 11, which are mounted on the shaft 12. The
beveled gears 10 and 11 are alternately clutched to the shaft 12 and are alternately
free on the said shaft 12, that is when one of said gears is engaged by the clutch
and caused to revolve with the said shaft 12 the other of said gears revolves
loosely on said shaft. In this way the screw shaft 7 may be caused to rotate
in either direction and the carriage C be caused to travel in either direction on the
table A. The clutch 13 may be thrown into or out of contact with either of the
gears 10 and 11 and thus the direction of rotation of the shaft 7 changed.
The mechanism for operating the clutch 13 will be hereinafter described.
For the purpose of holding the follower 3, which it will be understood is an
idler, in contact with the pattern I employ a weight 14 which is suspended on a
cord 15, see Fig. 2, which passes over a pulley 16 mounted on a shaft 17 journalled
in bearings on the carriage C. The cord thence passes rearwardly to a point on
the slide E beneath the said idler 3. Directly beneath the pulley 16 a slot 18
is formed in the slide E so that the said slide E may move transversely relatively

page_text: to the table A without interfering with the cond 15. By this means the idler 3
is held against the pattern and the cutter 5 is brought to proper position relatively
to the blank. As will be seen from an examination of Fig. 2 the ends of the
carriage C are located above the table A, the ways D upon which said carriage C
slides being formed on the upper edges of upwardly projecting portions F formed
integrally with, or resting upon the table A, at each end of the said carriage C.
The central portion of the carriage C is depressed or curved downwardly as shown
at G, Fig. 2, the object of thus forming the carriage C being to permit it to pass
under the revolving heads hereinafter referred to which carry the pattern. It
will also be noted that what I have termed the sliding plate E is in the same
manner curved downwardly freeing the central portion thereof. The weight 14
above described operates to pull the sliding plate E forward and thus to hold
the follower 3 in contact with the pattern at all times, and it also serves as
above stated to hold the cutter 5 in proper position with reference to the blank
or block of wood to produce a last which will be a duplicate of the pattern.
The pattern and the block from which said last is to be formed are both rotated
on their long axes, and I will now describe the mechanism by means of which
a rotary movement is communicated to the heads which carry the pattern and block
said
respectively and will then describe the construction and operation of the s
heads.
The driving pulley by means of which the machine is driven is shown at 19,
Fig. 1. Said pulley is fast on a shaft 20 mounted in suitable supports secured to
the table A. A beveled pinion 21 on said shaft 20 is in mesh with a beveled
gear 22 which is mounted on the shaft 12. A beveled pinion 23 on said shaft 12
is in mesh with the beveled gear 24 mounted on a stud secured to the housing 28.
The said stud also carries a gear which is in mesh with a gear 25 formed at one
end of the cylinder 26, see Fig. 5. The cylinder 26, during some portions of
the operation of the machine, revolves inside the sleeve 27 which at, such times
forms a bearing for said cylinder 26; and during other portions of the operation
of the machine, the said cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 revolve together in the
housing 28 which is mounted on the table A. The cylinder or head 26 revolves
inside the sleeve 27, the latter being stationary, during the time the cutter 5
is operating to shape the sides and top and sole of the last, that is, all portions
of the last between the heel and toe thereof. The cylinder or head 26 is
thickened at two portions of the circumference thereof as shown at 29, Figs. 5
and 6. At each of these thickened portions a hole is formed from end to end of
said cylinder, one of said holes forms a bearing for the shaft or rod 30, and the
other a bearing for the rod 300.
The said rod 30 is adapted to slide endwise and is provided in its inner end
with an arm 32 which projects downwardly and is curved at its lower end as
shown Fig. 5. Said lower end is provided with preferably two or more sharpened
projections or teeth 34 which engage the end of the blank 41, and hold the same
centrally with reference to the cylinder 26. In this way the long axis of the
blank is coincident with the axis of rotation of the cylinder, the two revolving
together while the sides, top and sole of the last are being formed. The opposite
end of the blank is engaged by a conical projection 35 at the inwardly curved
end of an arm 33 which is formed on the rod 37. When the supplementary
holding devices, consisting of the radial arms 46, 47 and 48 at one end of the
blank, and 43, 44 and 45 at the other end thereof, are brought into contact with
the ends of the blank, the rod and arm 32 are withdrawn, the rod 30 moved end-
wise in its bearing, and the teeth 34 being moved out of engagement with the
blank. When this endwise movement of the rod 30 occurs the rod is at the same
time partially rotated by means of a pin 301 which is set in the said rod and
which engages a curved slot or recess 302 in the bearing. By this means the
arm 32 is moved rearwardly as the rod 30 is moved endwise and the end of
the blank with which the teeth 34 were in engagement is uncovered so that
the cutter 61 may be brought into contact therewith to finish the said end. At the

page_text: same time that the endwise movement of the rod 30 occurs the rod 300 is also
moved endwise, the ends of both said' rods being passed through holes in the
ring 263 and being provided with nuts 31 outside said ring. The rod 300 is
slotted as shown at 500, and in said slot is placed a pivoted dog 501. Beneath'
the free end of said dog the cylinder 26 is slotted and the sleeve 27 is provided
with a recess 502. As the said rod 300 is moved endwise away from the blank 41,
gravity will cause the free end of the dog 501 to drop downwardly through the
slot in the cylinder 26 and into the recess 502 in the sleeve 27 thus locking
the said cylinder and sleeve together. As the face of the slot in the cylinder 26
is beveled the endwise movement of the rod 300 in the opposite direction will
operate to withdraw the dog 501 from the recess 502 and the cylinder 26 will then
be unlocked and may move independently of the sleeve 27. The endwise move-
ment of the rods 30 and 300 is obtained by means of à forked lever which engages
the ring 263 and which is operated from a cam-shaft unlerneath the table of the
machine, the said forked lever and its connections will be hereinafter described.
The rod 37 and arm 33 which engage the opposite end of the blank 41 arẻ
similar in construction and operation to the rod 30 and arm 32. The said rod 37
is mounted in a cylindrical support 505 having a downwardly projecting portion 506
by means of which it is secured by bolts, 507 to the housing 40. Intermediate
the cylindrical support 505 and the rod 37 is placed a sleeve 508, the said rod 37
being secured to the said sleeve 508 by means of a spline 509. The sleeve 508
is provided at its outer end with an annular projection or flange 510 which fits
within a cylindrical housing 511. The said housing 511 is provided at one side
with a boss 512 which is threaded to receive a screw 513 to which is secured the
band wheel 514 having a boss with an annular groove 515, see Fig. 11.. A bell
crank 516 which is
is pivoted at 517 to a suitable support from the housing 511
is in engagement one end with the annular groove 515, the said end being
forked to engage said annular groove at opposite sides, the other end of the bell-
crank engaging an annular groove 518 in the end of the rod 37. By these means
as the hand-wheel 514 is turned the rod 37 may be moved endwise, as will be
clear. The 'rod: 37 is provided with a pin 519 which projects through a slot
formed lengthwise of the sleeve 508 and engages a curved "slot, 520 in the
cylindrical support 505. When the hand-wheel 514 is turned to withdraw the
rod 37, the said rod first moves outwardly endwise until the pin 519 has traversed
the slot in the sleeve 508 and the straight portion of the slot 520 in the cylindrical
support 505. The pin 519 then follows the slot 520 causing a partial rotation
of the rod 37, so that the arm 33 is first moved out of engagement with the
end of the blank 41 and is then swung rearwardly to uncover the end of said
blank and permit the free operation of the cutter 104, the said cutter 104 may
then be moved into contact with the said end of the said blank to finish the
same.
:
1.
When the sides, top and sole of the last have been formed and it remains to
finish the heel and toe portions thereof in order to complete the last, the arms 43,
44 and 45 at the toe of the last and the corresponding arms 46, 47 and 48 at
the heel of the last, all of which have been withdrawn during the previously
described operation of the cutter 5, are thrown into contact with the surface of
the partially-formed last and are held rigidly in contact therewith in the manner
presently to be described. In this way the blank or partially form
formed last is
rigidly held by, the said radial arms before the jarins 32 and 33 are withdrawn.
It will then revolve in precisely, the same position as while the said arms 32
and 33 were in engagement with it.
Immediately before the arms 46, 47, and 48 are brought into contact. with the
heel of the blank or last which is being formed, the locking bolt 49 is moved
upwardly, into the position shown Fig. 5, in which position it serves to lock the
cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 firmly together. It is necessary that the said cylinder 26
and sleeve 27 be locked together and, both, prevented from revolving while the
radial arms 46, 47 and 48 are being brought to a. bearing on the blank. As soon

page_text: as the said radial arms are brought firmly into contact with the blank the
locking bolt.49 is withdrawn from the cylinder 26 and sleeve 27.
The rods 30 and 300.are then moved endwise withdrawing the teeth 34 from the
blank 41, that is, the said rods are moved toward the left in Fig. 5. As this
movement is being accomplished, the arm 32 carrying the teeth 34 is moved rear-
wardly by means of the pin 301 and slot 302 as previously described, uncovering
the heel end of the said blank so that it may be operated upon by the finishing
cutter 61..
At the inner end of the sleeve 27 is secured a ring or cylinder 55 which en-
circles the said inner end of said sleeve 27. In the cylinder 55 are formed three
radial slots or recesses in which boxes or housings 461, 471 and 481 are placed.
In these housings are placed the radial arms 46, 47 and 48 respectively, which
are held in place by rings 54 and 62, shown more clearly at Fig. 9. The
ring 54 is secured to the cylinder 55 and the ring 62 is secured to the inwardly
projecting flange 63 which is integral with the sleeve 27. The supplementary
radial holding arms 46, 47 and 48 which together with the arms 43, 44 and 45
serve to hold the blank in position while the heel and toe portions thereof are
being finished, are each operated by a bell crank lever, shown respectively at 56, 57
and 58. These levers are pivoted to projections or lugs 64 on the sleeve 27 and
their inwardly projecting portions engage the housings of the radial holder's or
arms 46, 47 and 48 respectively. The arms of said levers which engage the
said housings are forced downwardly by springs shown at 59, said springs operating
to move the said housings and the arms carried thereby inwardly into contact
with the blank or partially completed last 41. The said radial arms 46, 47
and 48 are each pivoted in its housing as shown at 65, Fig. 5. This arrangement
of pivot permits the inner or contact end of the arm to be swung slightly toward
the central portion of the last that is, permits the inner ends of the arms 46, 47
and 48 to be moved toward the right in Fig. 5. This slight movement toward
the central portion of the last causes the said arms to grip the last more securely
since they are forced on to a thicker portion thereof. For the purpose of thus
swinging the said radial arms on their pivots 65 I form recesses 67 on the inner
edge of the ring 54, see Fig. 10, each recess being beveled at one end as shown
at 66. By moving the cylinder 55 slightly the upper ends of the radial arms
are forced against the beveled portion 66 causing the said upper portion of the
arms to be moved backwardly away from the last and the lower portions thereof
to be moved on to the last, as previously described. The ring 54 upon which the
bevels 66 are formed is secured, as previously stated, to the ring or cylinder 55
and the slight movement of the said ring or cylinder which operates to force the
inner ends of the radial holding arms onto the last, as just described, is effected
by means of the mechanism shown in detail in Fig. 9 and is as follows:-
At one point on the periphery of the cylinder 55 a tooth or projection 68 is
formed which engages with a horizontal bar or rod 69, a recess 70 being formed
near the end of said rod to engage the tooth 68. Since the cylinder 55 revolves
with the sleeve 27 and cylinder 26 during one portion of the operation of the
machine, the tooth 68. must at this time be out of engagement with the recess 70.
It is therefore necessary to provide mechanism to raise and lower the horizontal
bar 69 vertically into and out of engagement with the said tooth 68 and it is also
necessary to provide mechanism by means of which, when the said bar 69 is in
engagement with the said tooth 68 the bar 69 is moved endwise in order to move
the cylinder 55 relatively to the sleeve 27 and thus cause the bevels 66 to move
onto the radial arms to tilt the arms so as to cause their inner ends to ride
onto the last and thus grip it more securely. "This movement of the bar 69 is
obtained from the cam' shaft S0 by means of cams 81 and 82 which are, on the
said shaft. The vertical movement of the bar 69 is obtained from the cami 82.
A bell crank lever 71 is pivoted at 72 to a suitable projection upon the frame.
The lower end of the lever 71 is provided with a cam-roll 73 which engages the
cam 82. The upper end of said lever 71 is provided with a pin 74 which engagés

page_text: a slot 75 formed lengthwise of the said bar 69 as shown Fig. 9. As the cam 82
revolves swinging the lower end of the bell crank 71, the upper end thereof will
be caused to rise and fall and that end of the bar 69 with which the upper end
of said bell crank 71 engages will also be caused to rise and fall. In order that
both ends of the said bar 69 may rise and fall the bell crank device is duplicated
at the other end of said bar. A bell crank 76 being employed the lower end
of which is connected with the downwardly extending portion of the bell crank 71
by means of a connecting rod 77. The upper end of the bell crank 76 is provided
with a pin 78 which engages a slot 79 formed lengthwise of the bar 69. It will
be clear that by this arrangement the bar 69 may be lowered out of contact with
the tooth 68 while the part 55 with which the said tooth is integral is revolving,
and may, when the said part 55 is stationary be raised so as to cause the notch 70
in said bar to engage the said tooth.
For the purpose of causing the said bar 69 to move endwise I provide a lever 90
which is pivoted at its lower end at 91 to a suitable support, and its upper end
is provided with a lengthwise slot 92 which engages a pin 93 on the said bar 69.
The lever 90 is provided with a cam roll 94 which engages the cam 81. The
slot 92 at the upper end of the said lever 90 is provided to permit of the vertical
movement of the bar, 69. In the preceding description of this part of the
mechanism I have referred to the tooth 68 and the notch or recess 70 which is
shown at the left in Fig. 9. A corresponding tooth 95 and notch or recess 96 are
shown at the other end of the bar 69 and have the same operation as the tooth 68
and notch or recess 70 previously described.
The said tooth 95 is however on the head of that portion of the machine which
carries the pattern. It will be understood that the devices which hold and
carry the pattern are duplicates of and are operated by the same means and
simultaneously with the mechanism for carrying and holding the blank from
which the last is formed. This will be clear by noting the position of the
cutter 5 and follower 3 in Fig. 9. When the radial arms 46, 47 and 48 are freed
from the last by the reverse endwise movement of the bar 69 by which the
cylinder 55 is moved slightly in the opposite direction from that which it was
moved to clamp.the radial arms firmly on the last, the annular projecting portion 97
is also moved since it is a part of the cylinder 55. This annular projecting
portion 97 is provided with beveled faces 98 one for each of the bell-cranks 56, 57
and 58 and as the said cylinder 55 and projection 97 are moved in the reverse
direction freeing the radial arms 46, 47, and 48, the beveled portion 98 engages
the upwardly projecting portion of the bell crank and forces this upwardly pro-
jecting portion rearwardly or to the left in Fig. 5, causing the arms of said bell
cranks which engage the housings 461, 471 and 481 to be moved outwardly
moving the said housings outwardly, freeing the said radial arms from the
contact with the blank and permitting the latter to fall out of the machine.
The radial arms and the mechanism for operating them are provided at each end
of the blank and also at each end of the pattern and are substantial duplicates
of each other, that is to say, there are four sets of such operating arms, one for
each end of the pattern, and the other for each end of the blank. The movement
of the sleeve 27 is communicated to the sleeve 39 by means of the rods 99, 100
and 101 which extend across in front of the cutter 5 and serve to secure the
said sleeves 27 and 39 rigidly together. The cutters wlrich finish the toe and
heel of the last together with the means by which they are operated are shown
more. clearly Figs. 7 and 8. The said cutters 61 and 104 are what are known as
burr cutters. They are each mounted on a shaft 105 and 106 respectively. These
shafts are given two movements, an endwise movement and movement rearwardly
considered with reference to the front of the machine. The said shafts and the
mechanism for actuating them are duplicates, and I will describe one of said
shafts and its operating mechanism.
•
The shaft 106 is mounted in a support 107 which is cut away to accommodate
the band pulley 108 which is splined on said shaft 106 and by means of which

page_text: power is applied to rotate the said shaft and its cutter from an independent driving
pulley. The support 107 is pivoted in a pillar block 1081, the pivot being shown
at 109. This pivoted arrangement of the support 107 permits the cutter 104
to be moved rearwardly as previously stated. The movement of the said cutter
104 toward and from the work, that is, the lengthwise movement of the shaft 106
is obtained by means of an arm 110 which is fast on the rock shaft 111. The
upper end of the lever 110 is pivoted at 112 to the lower portion thereof so as to
permit the rearward movement of the shaft 106. The upper end of the lever 110
is forked and is pivoted to a collar 113 loosely mounted on said cutter shaft 106
and held in place by means of the collars 114 and 115, fast on said shaft. The
shaft 111 is provided with a sheave 116 upon which is wound a cord 117, having
suspended from the lower end thereof a weight 118. The said weight tends to
turn the shaft 111 to the left as viewed in Fig. 7 and thus to force the shaft 106
inwardly and to move the lower end of the lever 110 outwardly. A connecting
rod 119 is pivoted at 120 to the lower end of the lever 110 and the opposite end
of said connection 119 is provided with a cam roll 121 which engages the face of
the cam 122. The connection 119 is enlarged and slotted as shown Fig. 7, the
cam shaft 80 passing through said slot. The weight 118 as will be clear, tends to
The inward movement
hold the cam roll 121 in contact with the cam 122.
therefore of the shaft 106 and cutter 104 is obtained from the weight 118 and
the movement in the opposite direction from the cam 122. The cutter 104 there-
fore has a yielding movement. The shaft 111 extends rearwardly, see Fig. 1,
to a lever 123 which corresponds with the lever 110 already described, but which
engages the shaft 124, upon which the dummy or follower corresponding with
the cutter 104 is carried, so that the movement of the said dummy or follower
which is in contact with the toe of the pattern is communicated to the cutter 104.
For the purpose of moving the cutter shaft 106 and the corresponding follower
shaft 124 rearwardly, a cam 125, see Fig. 8 is provided. The said cam is mounted
on the cam shaft 80 and co-operates with a cam roll on the arm 126 which is
fast to the rocker shaft 127. The said-shaft 127 is mounted in suitable supports
At each end of the
on the frame of the machine, not shown in Figs. 7 and 8.
shaft 127 is secured an arm 128 which extends upwardly and is pivoted to a
connecting rod 129. The connecting rod 129, at the right Figs. 7 and 8, is
pivotally secured at one end to the pivoted support 107, and at the other end
to a corresponding pivoted support for the follower shaft 124, see Fig. 1. As
the cam 125 revolves the arm 126 will be moved forwardly rocking the shaft 127
and moving the arm 128 and connecting rod 129 rearwardly. The rearward
movement of the connecting rod 129 moves the pivoted supports for the shafts 106
and 124 rearwardly thus communicating a rearward movement to the said shafts
and to the cutter and follower respectively carried thereby. At the opposite end
of the rock shaft 127 similar mechanism is provided for giving the same rear-
ward movement to the shaft 105 of the cutter 61, and the shaft 131 of the corre-
sponding follower.
On the underside of the sliding plate E I secure a bar or rail 200. When the
cutter 5 has passed along to the heel end of the blank by the movement of the
sliding plate on the table A, as heretofore described, the end of the bar 200 will
have passed off the forwardly extending arm of the pivoted T-shaped lever 201,
see Fig. 3, a spring 202, will then act to turn the said lever 201 and the down-
wardly extending end of said lever will be moved forwardly or to the right Fig. 3,
carrying with it the connecting rod 203 to which the said lower end is pivoted.
The forward end of said connecting rod is pivoted to a lever 204 which is in
turn rigidly secured at its upper end to a shaft 205. This shaft 205 is rocked
arm 206 which is rigidly
in its bearings by the means just described and an
secured on said shaft 205 is raised thereby. The arm 206 when depressed bears
on a projection 207 on the bolt 49. When the said arm 206 is raised the bolt
is free to be moved upwardly by the means of a spring 2081, see Fig. 4. The
said bolt 49 as heretofore described, operates according to its position to secure the

page_text: cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 together and hold them rigidly, or to secure the sleeve 27
and hold it rigidly while the cylinder 26 is free to revolve, or, again, the said
bolt may be withdrawn from the said sleeve 27 and cylinder 26 permitting both to
revolve: When the spring 202 forces upwardly the forward projecting arm of
the T-shaped lever 201, the rearwardly projecting arm is moved downwardly.
Said rearwardly projecting arm is in engagement with a forwardly projecting
arm 208 fast on a rocker shaft 209. An upwardly projecting lever 210 is also
fast on said shaft 209 and its upper end is in engagement with a sliding clutch
device 13 on the shaft 12. The movement thus effected serves to shift the clutch
device 13 to a position midway between the beveled gears 10 and 11 and said
gears being both loosely mounted on said shaft 12 the movement of the screw 7
and consequently of the carriage C ceases. On the cam-shaft 80 is secured a
cam 211 which as it revolves engages a cam roll 212 on the lower end of the
lever 204 and operates to throw the lower end of the said lever further, forward,
thus carrying the connection 203 further toward the front of the machine, or to
the right of Fig. 3 and moving the rearwardly projecting arm of the lever 201
downward still further than it was moved by the action of the spring 202. This
further downward movement of the said arm of the lever •201 forces the clutch
device 13 into contact with the bevel gear 11 thus reversing the movement of the
screw 7 and causing the said screw to move the carriage C in a reverse direction
back into the position which it occupies when the cutter 5 begins to operate on a
new blank. This reverse movement of the cutter-carriage C is therefore accom-
plished while the heel and toe of the last are being finished.
Before this reverse movement of the carriage C is commenced, the sliding plate E
carrying the cutter 5 is moved rearwardly and held locked in its rearward position
so as to prevent the cutter 5 during the reverse movement of the carriage from
coming in contact with the work. This rearward movement of the sliding plate E
is accomplished by means of a cam 215 on the cam shaft 80, see Fig. 2. The
said cam operates a lever 216 which is pivoted at 217 to a hanger on the table A.
The upper end of the said lever 216 is moyed rearwardly at the proper point in the
revolution of the said cam shaft 80 and engages the rail or bar 200 which is
fast on the underside of the said sliding plate E and operates to force the said
sliding plate E rearwardly. When the said plate has moved rearwardly to the
proper point a spring hook 218, the shank of which is secured to the sliding
plate E snaps over a cross bar of the carriage C and serves to hold the sliding plate E
in its rearward position.
When the machine is ready to begin work on a new blank, the operator raises
the snap hock 218 thus permitting the sliding plate E to be moved forward by
the weight 14 previously described, see Fig. 2. For the purpose of raising the
said snap hook 218, a bell crank lever 219 is pivoted at 220 on the said sliding
plate E. The rear end of said bell crank 219 is connected by means of a link 221
to the said hook 218. The opposite end of the bell crank is pivotally connected
at 222 to a rod 223 which extends forward to the front of the machine, see
Figs. 1 and 2, into a position where it may be readily grasped by the operator,
The forward end of said rod 223 is provided with a notch or projection 224 by
means of which it may be seized and which is located behind the handle 225 and
in such proximity thereto that the operator may readily seize the said handles 224
and 225 and move the rod 223 forward raising the rearwardly projecting end of the
bell crank 219 and freeing the said snap hook from engagement with the cross bar
of the carriage C.
When the bolt 49 is moved upwardly by its spring, as heretofore described,
the lever 230, see Fig. 4, which is fast on the shaft 231 and the free end of which
rests on a projection 232 on the bolt 49, is moved upwardly rocking the said
shaft 231. and throwing the upward end of the lever 233 which is in engagement
with a clutch device 234 to the right Fig. 4. The said lever 233 is forked in
the usual manner at its upper end and is fast to the said shaft 231.
This movement of the clutch device 234 throws the said device into engage-

page_text: .
ment with a beveled pinion 235, see Fig. 1, on the shaft 20, causing the said
pinion to revolve with the said shaft. The pinion 235 is in mesh with a beveled
gear 236 which is fast on the vertical shaft 237,on the lower end of which is a
beveled pinion 238 which is in mesh with a beveled gear 239, see Fig. 3, on the
cam shaft 80. By these means the cam shaft is caused to rotate, the rotation
thereof being confined to that period of the operation of the machine which follows
the completion of its work by the cutter 5. To ensure the clutch device 234
being held in contact with the beveled pinion 235, and also ensure the operation.
of the cam shaft, I provide a downwardly extending lever 241 which is fast on
the shaft 231. The lower end of the lever 241, see Fig. 4, carries a cam roller 242
which is in engagement with the cam 240 throughout almost the entire revolution
of the cam shaft 80, that is to say, the lever 241 is moved by the upward move-
ment of the arm 230 when the clutch device 234 is brought into contact with the
beveled pinion 235 and as soon as the cam shaft 80 is started the cam 240 is
moved into engagement with the cam roll 242 on the said lever arm 241, and the
clutch 234 is thus locked in the position which it occupies when in engagement
with the pinion 235. In this way the continued operation of the cam shaft-80 is.
ensured.
As previously stated, the cutters which hold the blank 41 while the-cutter 5 is
operating thereon are moved endwise away from the blank after the cutter 5
has finished its work of shaping the sides and top and sole thereof. This endwise
movement of the said cutters is effected at the proper time in the operation of the
machine by means of the following described devices:
"
On the cam shaft 80 I provide a cam 250 which engages a cam roll 251 on the
grooved horizontal bar 252, see Figs. 3 and 4. The said bar 252 is provided
with a slotted guide bar 253. The said bar 253 is slotted lengthwise thereof to
accommodate the cam shaft 80 which passes through said slot. The lower end
of said bar is placed in a vertical socket in the upright 254 and is free to move
vertically in the said socket. The guide bar 253 and socket 254 serve to keep the
horizontal bar from lateral displacement and cause it to move vertically in the
same plane. The bar 252 is slotted as shown at 255 and receives in said slot
pins or studs 256 which are secured on the inner ends of the levers 257 and 258.
The said pins 256 being free to slide horizontally in the said slot 255 as the
bar 252 is moved vertically. The slotted bar 252 not only provides for this play
of the pins 256 but also permits the levers 257 and 258 to be moved toward or
from each other, thus permitting an adjustment of the machine to lasts of
different sizes. The levers 257 and 258 are pivoted at 259 and 260 respectively
and are rigidly connected with the upwardly extending forked levers 261 and 262.
The levers 257 and 261 and 258 and 262 are therefore in effect bell-crank levers.
When the bolt 49 is moved upwardly the lower end therecf is raised from the
arm 270 which is fast on a shaft 271. On the shaft 271 is secured another
arm 272 the upper end of which engages a downwardly projecting arm 273 fast
on the shaft 274. On the shaft 274 is secured an upwardly projecting forked
lever 275 which engages a clutch device 276 on the shaft 20. The lever arm 270,
above referred to, when freed by the upward movement of the bar 49 is forced
upwardly by means of a spring 2081. This causes the arm 272 to move to the
left, Fig. 4, moving the arm 273 with which the said arm 272 is in engagement
in the same direction, swinging the forked lever 275 to the right, Fig. 4, and
freeing the clutch device 276 from engagement with the pinion 21. Said pinion
is then loose on the shaft 20 and ceases to drive the shaft 12 which remains
stationary until the said clutch device 276 is again forced into engagement with
the pinion 21. This latter occurs when the cam shaft 80 begins to move, causing
the cam to force the free end of the lever 280 upwardly, see Fig. 4, rocking the
shaft 281 to which said lever is secured and causing the lever 50 which is also
secured to said shaft 281 to move downwardly, thus forcing downwardly the
arm 270 against the operation of its spring and reversing the movement heretofore
described of the levers 272, 273, and 275, and forcing the clutch device 276
B

page_text: again into engagement with the pinion 21, causing the shaft 12 to operate and
the carriage C to be returned to the position which it occupies when the cutter 5
commences to operate on the blank..
The operation of the machine is as follows:
The pattern having been placed in front of the follower. 3 between the rear
heads which serve to hold it in position, and to give it the necessary movement,
the operator places a blank of wood of proper size in position between the forward
heads and in front of the cutter 5. This blank is placed in position by hand,
the operator holding one end of it against the teeth 34 of the arm 32 and moving
the arm 33 which engages the opposite end of the blank inwardly by means
of the hand wheel 514 shown more clearly Fig. 11. The handles 224 and 225
Fig. 2 are then seized to free the snap hook 218 permitting the weight 14 to move
the slide plate E forward bringing the cutter 5 into contact with the blank.
The forward movement of the sliding plate E which carries the cutters, carries
forward the bar 200 which rides onto the forwardly projecting arm of the T-shaped
lever 201, see Fig. 3, depressing the said arm and throwing the downwardly
projecting portion of the said lever 201 rearwardly moving the connection 203
rearwardly, swinging the lever 204 and moving the arm 206 downwardly thus
pulling down the bolt 49 and freeing its upper end from the cylinder 26. This
permits the cylinder 26 to revolve in the sleeve 27. The same movement of the
bar 200 permits the clutch operating lever 210 to move toward the left Fig. 3,
causing the clutch device to engage the beveled gear 10 thus starting the screw
shaft 7. The screw shaft 7 continues in operation and causes the carriage C and
cutter 5 mounted thereon to move across the table A, the said cutter 5 during
this movement operating to form the blank to shape from end to end thereof.
When the carriage C has reached the end of its movement, the bar 200 will have
moved off the T-shaped lever 201 permitting the lever 201 to move in a reverse
direction, unshipping the clutch device 13 and stopping the screw-shaft 7. The
operation of the lever 201 in said reverse direction likewise frees bolt 49 permitting
it to be moved upwardly to lock the cylinder 26 to the sleeve 27. The upward
movement of the bolt 49 operates to throw the clutch device 234 into engagement
with the beveled pinion 235 which drives the vertical shaft 237 and starts the
cam shaft 80. The cams on the cam shaft 80 then operate to move the sliding
plate E carrying the cutter 5 rearwardly, in which position it is held by the snap
hook 218. The clutch device 13 is brought into engagement with the beveled
gear 11 causing a reversal of movement of the screw shaft 7 and a reverse move-
ment of the carriage C to return the cutter 5 to the position which it occupies
when it begins to form the blank. The radial arms which serve as supplementary
holding means to hold the blank while the heel and toe are being finished are
then brought into contact with the blank and gripped thereon. The arms 33
and 32 which hold the blank while it is being operated upon by the cutter 5
are then withdrawn and moved out of the line of the heel and toe cutters 61
and 104. The locking bolt 49 is then moved downwardly to its lowest position
to permit the cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 to revolve together and to cause the
sleeve 39 to revolve with them, and the heel and toe cutters are moved toward
and into contact with the heel and toe of the blank. After these cutters have
moved inward to the extreme of their inward movement they are moved rear-
wardly so that the entire unfinished end portions of the blank at the heel and toe
may be formed to shape. The heel and toe cutters are then withdrawn and the
holding arms 32 and 33 are again brought into position to receive a new blank,
the corresponding arms which engage the pattern again coming into contact with
and operating to hold the pattern and to prevent it from falling out of the machine.
The supplementary radial holders, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 and 48 are then freed and
withdrawn and the finished last is permitted to drop out of the machine.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Copying Lathes.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E, of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, 6, Lord Street,
Liverpool; and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and
Lower Temple Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
My invention has for its object to provide an improved machine for turning
or forming articles of wood which have an irregular shape such, for example, as
lasts for boots or shoes, which shall operate automatically and continuously with-
out the intervention of hand-labor, to form or shape the last or other articles
from a blank to the exact shape required.
My invention is fully set forth in the following description and the novel
features thereof are pointed out and clearly defined in the claims at the end
of the specification.
Referring to the drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification Fig. 1
is a plan view from above of a machine embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the machine shown Fig. 1, viewed from the right
of said figure.
Fig. 3 is a similar view from the left of said Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the same.
Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Fig. 1, showing the last in position as also the
last holding mechanism and cutters.
Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. 1.
Figs. 7 and 8 are details showing in side elevation and plan respectively the
finishing cutters and their operating mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a detail on a larger scale of the supplementary holding. mechanism
and its operating means.
Fig. 10 is a plan view from below of the supplementary holding devices, and
their operating mechanism shown at the left of Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the cylindrical support shown in Fig. 5.
In the manufacture of wooden articles of irregular shape, as for example, lasts
for boots or shoes, the mechanism now in use, so far as known to me, while
adapted to turn or form the last from the blank or block of wood from a point
near the toe to a point near the heel is not adapted to finish the last. By the
present methods, after the machine has formed the last along the sides and top
and sole to a point near the heel and toe thereof, the unfinished last thus pro-
duced is taken out of the machine and the heel and toe portions thereof finished
by hand. Since it is very essential that the heel and toe portions of the last be
accurately formed so as to coincide in all respects with the model, the operation
of finishing the last by hand is comparatively slow and expensive and requires
killed labor. By the machine hereinafter described which embodies my present
invention, I am enabled not only to finish the sides and top and sole of the
ast, but also to finish the heel and toe thereof, forming them on exactly the
ines of the model, the entire operation from the placing of the block of wood in
he machine to the production of a finished last being automatic and continuous
nd not requiring throughout any portion thereof the employment of hand-labor
r the direction or supervision of a skilled operator.
Having reference to the drawings:
A is a table provided with suitable legs B by means of which it is supported.

page_text: On the table A is mounted a sliding carriage C which is adapted to slide on
ways D supported by the table A and located at each end of the said carriage C.
The carriage C carries a sliding plate E which is adapted to slide in ways 2 on
the carriage C. By this arrangement the carriage C is permitted to have a
lateral movement and the sliding plate E on the carriage C a transverse move-
ment. The sliding plate E carries toward one end thereof a follower 3 which is
mounted in suitable bearings 4 on said plate E. The follower 3 is of the wheel
or disk-shape shown, the periphery of the said disk being rounded or curved in
cross section. The follower 3 is in contact with the form or pattern which is
to be duplicated out of the block of wood upon which the cutter hereinafter des-
cribed operates. If it be a last for boots or shoes which is being formed the
pattern last will be in contact with the follower 3, the said pattern being held
rigidly in the holding mechanism hereinafter described which is adjacent the
said follower 3. It will be apparent that the lateral movement of the carriage C
and transverse movement of the sliding plate E will permit the follower 3 to be
brought into contact with all portions of the revolving pattern from a point
very near the toe to a point very near the heel thereof. At the other end of
the sliding plate E, I provide a cutter 5, also mounted on said table in a manner
similar to that in which the follower 3 is mounted. The cutter 5 is preferably
of the same disk or wheel-shape as the follower, and is provided at its periphery
'with a series of knives or cutters, so that as the cutter 5 is rotated in the same
relative position, with reference to the long axis of the block from which' the last
is. to be formed, that the follower 3 occupies with reference to the long axis of
the pattern-last, the block will be cut or turned to the same shape as the pattern,
the said follower 3 and said cutter 5 being given the same movement relatively
to the pattern and block of wood respectively.
•
For the purpose of rotating the cutter 5 the shaft of the said cutter is provided
with a belt pulley 6, through which power is independently applied to rotate the.
said cutter 5. For the purpose of moving the carriage C laterally with reference
to the table A, I provide a screw 7 which is mounted in bearings 8 on the table A,
and which passes through, a threaded hole on the underside of the carriage C.
At one end of the said screw-shaft 7 is secured a beveled gear 9 which is in meshi
with the beveled gears 10 and 11, which are mounted on the shaft 12. The
beveled gears 10 and 11 are alternately clutched to the shaft 12 and are alternately
free on the said shaft 12, that is when one of said gears is engaged by the clutch
and caused to revolve with the said shaft 12 the other of said gears revolves
loosely on said shaft. In this way the screw shaft 7 may be caused to rotate
in either direction and the carriage C be caused to travel in either direction on the
table A. The clutch 13 may be thrown into or out of contact with either of the
gears 10 and 11 and thus the direction of rotation of the shaft changed.
The mechanism for operating the clutch 13 will be hereinafter described.,
For the purpose of holding the follower 3, which it will be understood is an
idler in contact with the pattern I employ a weight 14 which is suspended on a
cord 15, see Fig. 2, which passes over a pulley' 16 mounted on a shaft 17 journalled
in bearings on the carriage C. The cord' thence passes rearwardly to a point on
the slide beneath the said idler 3. Directly beneath the pulley 16 a slot 1S
is formed in the slide E so that the said slide E may move transversely relatively
to the table A without interfering with the. corxl 15. By this means the idler
is held against the pattern and the cutter 5 is brought to proper position relatively
to the blank. As will be seen from an examination of Fig. 2 the ends of the
carriage C are located above the table A, the ways Dupon which said carriage.C
slides being formed on the upper edges of upwardly projecting portions F formed
integrally, with, or resting upon the table. A, at each end of, the said carriage C.
The central portion of the carriage C is depressed or curved downwardly, as shown
at G, Fig. 2, the object of thus forming the carriage C being to permit it. to-pass
under the revolving heads hereinafter referred. to which carry the pattern.. It
will also be noted that what I have termed the sliding plate E is in the same

page_text: manner curved downwardly freeing the central portion thereof. The weight 14
above described operates to pull the sliding plate E forward and thus to hold
the follower 3 into contact with the pattern at all times, and it also serves as
above stated to hold the cutter 5 in proper position with reference to the blank
or block of wood to produce a last which will be à duplicate of the pattern.
..
The pattern and the block from which said last is to be formed are both rotated
on their long axes, and I will now describe the mechanism by means of which
a rotary movement is communicated to the heads which carry the pattern and block
respectively and will then describe the construction and operation of the said
heads.
The driving pulley by means of which the machine is driven is shown at 19,
Fig. 1. Said pulley is fast on a shaft 20 mounted in suitable supports secured to
the table A. A beveled pinion 21 on said shaft 20 is in mesh with a beveled
gear 22 which is mounted on the shaft 12. A beveled pinion 23 on said shaft 12
is in mesh with the beveled gear 24 mounted on a stud secured to the housing 28.
The said stud also carries a gear which is in mesh with a gear 25 formed at one
end of the cylinder 26, see Fig. 5. The cylinder 26 during some portions of
the operation of the machine, revolves inside the sleeve 27 which at such times
forms a bearing for said cylinder 26, and during cther portions of the operation.
of the machine the said cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 revolve together in the
housing 28 which is mounted on the table A. The cylinder or head 26 revolves
inside the sleeve 27, the latter being stationary, during the time the cutter 5
is operating to shape the sides and top and sole of the last, that is, all portions
of the last between the heel and toe thereof. The cylinder or head 26 is
thickened at two portions of the circumference thereof as shown at-29, Figs. 5
and 6. At each of these thickened portions a hole is formed from end to end of
said cylinder, one of said holes forms a bearing for the shaft or rad 30, and the
other a bearing for the rod 300..
The said rod 30 is adapted to slide endwise and is provided in its inner end.
with an arm 32 which projects downwardly and is curved at its lower end as
shown Fig. 5. Said lower end is provided with preferably two or more sharpened
projections or teeth 34 which engage the end of the blank 41, and hold the same
centrally with reference to the cylinder 26. In this way the long axis of the
blank is coincident with the axis of rotation of the cylinder, the two revolving
together while the sides, top and sole of the last are being formed. The opposite
end of the blank is engaged by a conical projection 35 at the inwardly curved.
end of an arm 33 which is formed on the rod 37. When the supplementary
holding devices, consisting of the radial arms 46, 47 and 48 at one end of the
blank, and 43, 44 and 45 at the other end thereof, are brought into contact with
the ends of the blank, the rod and arm 32 are withdrawn, the rod 30 moving end-
wise in its bearing, and the teeth 34 being moved out of engagement with the
blank. When this endwise movement of the rod 30 occurs the rod is at the same
time partially rotated by means of a pin 301 which is set in the said rod and
which engages a curved slot or recess 302 in the bearing. By this means the
arm 32 is moved rearwardly as the rod 30 is moved endwise and the end of
the blank with which the teeth 34 were in engagement is uncovered, so that
the cutter 61 may be brought into contact therewith to finish the said end. At the
same time that the endwise movement. of the rod 30 occurs, the rod 300 is also
moved endwise, the ends of both said rods being passed through holes in the
ring 263 and being provided with nuts 31 outside said ring. The rod 300 is
slotted as shown at 500, and in said slot is placed: a pivoted.dog 501. Beneath
the free end of said dog the cylinder 26 is slotted and the sleeve, 27 is provided
with a recess. 502. As the said rod 300 is moved endwise away from the blank 41,
gravity will cause the free end of the dog 501 to drop downwardly through the
slot in the cylinder 26 and -into the recess 502 in the sleeve 27. thus locking
the said cylinder and sleeve together. As the face of the slot in the cylinder 26
is beveled the endwise movement of the rod 300 in the opposite direction will
•

page_text: t
operate to withdraw the dog 501 from the recess 502 and the cylinder 26 will then
be unlocked and may move independently of the sleeve 27. The endwise move-
ment of the rods 30 and 300 is obtained by means of a forked lever which engages
the ring 263 and which is operated from a cam-shaft underneath the table of the
machine, the said forked lever and its connections will be hereinafter described.
The rod 37 and arm 33 which engage the opposite end of the blank 41 are
similar in construction and operation to the rod 30 and arm 32. The said rod 37
is mounted in a cylindrical support 505 having a downwardly projecting portion 506
by means of which it is secured by bolts 507 to the housing 40. Intermediate
the cylindrical support 505 and the rod 37 is placed a sleeve 508, the said rod 37
being secured to the said sleeve 508 by means of a spline 509. The sleeve 508
is provided at its outer end with an annular projection or flange 510 which fits
within a cylindrical housing 511. The said housing 511 is provided at one side
with a boss 512 which is threaded to receive a screw 513 to which is secured the
hand wheel 514 having a boss with an annular groove 515, see Fig. 11. A bell
crank 516 which is pivoted at 517 to a suitable support from the housing 511
is in engagement at one end with the annular groove 515, the said end being
forked to engage said annular groove at opposite sides, the other end of the bell-
crank engaging an annular groove 518 in the end of the rod 37. By these means
as the hand-wheel 514 is turned the rod 37 may be moved endwise, as will be
clear. The rod 37 is provided with a pin 519 which projects through a slot
formed lengthwise of the sleeve 508 and engages a curved slot 520 in the
cylindrical support 505. When the hand-wheel 514 is turned to withdraw the
rod 37, the said rod first moves outwardly endwise until the pin 519 has traversed
the slot in the sleeve 508 and the straight portion of the slot 520 in the cylindrical
support 505. The pin 519 then follows the slot 520 causing a partial rotation
of the rod 37, so that the arm 33 is first moved out of engagement with the
end of the blank 41 and is then swung rearwardly to uncover the end of said
blank and permit the free operation of the cutter 104, the said cutter 104 may
then be moved into contact with the said end of the said blank to finish the
same.
When the sides, top and sole of the last have been formed and it remains to
finish the heel and toe portions thereof in order to complete the last, the arms 43
44, and 45 at the toe of the last and the corresponding arms 46; 47, and 48 at
the heel of the last, all of which have been withdrawn during the previously
described operation of the cutter 5, are thrown into contact with the surface of
the partially formed last and are held rigidly in contact therewith in the manner
presently to be described. In this way the blank or partially formed last is
rigidly held by the said radial arms before the arms 32 and 33 are withdrawn.
It will then revolve in precisely the same position as while the said arms 32
and 33 were in engagement with it.
Immediately before the arms 46, 47 and 48 are brought into contact with the
heel of the blank or last which is being formed; the locking bolt 49 is moved
upwardly into the position shown Fig. 5, in which position it serves to lock the
cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 firmly together. It is necessary that the said cylinder 26
and sleeve 27 .be locked together and both prevented from revolving while the
radial arms 46, 47 and 48 are being brought to a bearing on the blank. As soon
as the said radial arms are brought firmly into contact with the blank the
locking bolt 49 is withdrawn from the cylinder 26 and sleeve 27.
The rods 30 and 300 are then moved endwise withdrawing the teeth 34 from the
blank 41, that is the said rods are moved toward the left in Fig. 5. As this
movement is being accomplished, the arm 32 carrying the teeth 34 is moved rear-
wardly by means of the pin 301 and slot 302 as previously described, uncovering
the heel end of the said blank so that it may be operated upon by the finishing
cutter 61.
At the inner end of the sleeve 27 is secured a ring or cylinder 55 which en-
circles the said inner end of said sleeve 27. In the cylinder 55 are formed three

page_text: radial slots or recesses in which boxes or housings 461, 471 and 481 are placed.
In these housings are placed the radial-arms 46, 47, and 48 respectively, which
are held in place by rings 54 and 62, shown more clearly at Fig: 9. The
ring 54 is secured to the cylinder 55 and the ring 62 is secured to the inwardly
projecting flange 63 which is integral with the sleeve 27. The supplementary
radial holding arms 46, 47 and 48 which together with the arms 43, 44 and 45
serve to hold the blank in position while the heel and toe portions thereof are
being finished, are each operated by a bell crank lever, shown respectively at 56, 57
and 58. These levers are pivoted to projections or lugs 64 on the sleeve 27 and
their inwardly projecting portions engage the housings of the radial holders or
arms 46, 47 and 48 respectively. The arms of said levers which engage the
said housings are forced downwardly by springs shown at 59, said springs operating
to move the said housings and the arms carried thereby inwardly into contact
with the blank or partially completed last 41. The said radial arms 46, 47
and 48 are each pivoted in its housing as shown at 65, Fig. 5. This arrangement
of pivot permits the inner or contact end of the arm to be swung slightly toward
the central portion of the last, that is permits the inner ends of the arms 46, 47
and 48 to be moved toward the right in Fig. 5. This slight movement toward
the central portion of the last causes the said arms to grip the last more securely
since they are forced on to a thicker portion thereof. For the purpose of thus
swinging the said radial arms on their pivots 65 I form recesses 67 on the inner
edge of the ring 54, see Fig. 10, each recess being beveled at one end as shown
at 66. By moving the cylinder 55 slightly the upper ends of the radial arms
are forced against the beveled portions 66 causing the said upper portion of the
arms to be moved backwardly away from the last and the lower portions thereof
to be moved on to the last, as previously described. The ring 54 upon which the-
bevels 66 are formed is secured, as previously stated, to the ring or cylinder 55
and the slight movement of the said ring or cylinder which operates to force the
inner ends of the radial holding arms onto the last, as just described, is effected
by means of the mechanism shown in detail in Fig. 9 and is as follows:-
At one point on the periphery of the cylinder 55 a tooth or projection 68 is
formed which engages with a horizontal bar or rod 69, a recess 70 being formed
near the end of said rod to engage the tooth 68. Since the cylinder 55 revolves
with the sleeve 27 and cylinder 26 during one portion of the operation of the
machine, the tooth 68 must at this time be out of engagement with the recess 70.
It is therefore necessary to provide mechanism to raise and lower the horizontal
bar 69 vertically into and out of engagement with the said tooth 68 and it is also
necessary to provide mechanism by means of which, when the said bar 69 is in
engagement with the said tooth 68 and the bar 69 is moved endwise in order to move
the cylinder 55 relatively to the sleeve 27 and thus cause the bevels 66 to move
onto the radial arms to tilt the arms so as to cause their inner ends to ride
onto the last and thus grip it more securely. This movement of the bar 69 is
obtained from the cam shaft 80 by means of cams 81 and 82 which are on the
said shaft. The vertical movement of the bar 69 is obtained from the cam 82.
A bell crank lever 71 is pivoted at 72 to a suitable projection upon the frame.
The lower end of the lever 71 is provided with a cam-roll 73 which engages the
cam 82. The upper end of said lever 71 is provided with a pin 74 which engages
a slot 75 formed lengthwise of the said bar 69 as shown Fig. 9. As the cam 82
revolves swinging the lower end of the bell crank 71, the upper end thereof will
be caused to rise and fall and that end of the bar 69 with which the upper end
of said bell crank 71 engages will also be caused to rise and fall. In order that
both ends of the said bar 69 may rise and fall the bell crank device is duplicated
at the other end of said bar. A bell crank 76 being employed the lower end
of which is connected with the downwardly extending portion of the bell crank. 71
by means of a connecting rod 77. The upper end of the bell crank 76 is provided
with a pin 78 which engages a slot 79 formed lengthwise of the bar 69. It will
be clear that by this arrangement the bar 69 may be lowered out of contact with

page_text: the tooth 68 while the part 55, with which the said tooth is integral is revolving,
and may, when the said part 55 is stationary, be raised so as to cause the notch 70
in said bar to engage the said tooth. .
For the purpose of causing the said bar 69 to move endwise I provide a lever 90
which is pivoted at its lower end at .91. to a suitable support, and its upper end
is provided with a lengthwise slot 92 which engages a pin 93. on the said bar 69.
The lever 90 is provided with a cam roll 94 which engages the cam 81. The
slot 92 at the upper end of the said lever 90 is provided to permit of the vertical
movement of the bar 69. In the preceding description of this part of the
mechanism I have referred to the tooth 68 and the notch or recess 70 which is
shown at the left in Fig. 9. A corresponding tooth 95 and notch. or recess 96 åre
shown at the other end of the bar 69 and have the same operation as the tooth 68
.and notch or recess 70 previously described.
The said tooth 95 is however on the head of that portion of the machine which
carries the pattern. It will be understood that the devices which hold and
carry the pattern are duplicates of and are operated by the..same means and
simultaneously with the mechanism for carrying and holding the blank from
which the last is formed. This will be clear by noting the position of the
cutter 5 and follower 3 in Fig. 9. When the radial arms 46, 47 and 48 are freed
from the last by the reverse endwise movement of the bar 69 by which the
-cylinder 55 is moved slightly in the opposite direction from that which it was
moved to clamp the radial arms firmly on the last, the annular projecting portion 97
is also moved, since it is a part of the cylinder 55. This annular projecting
portion 97 is provided with beveled faces 98 one for each of the bell-cranks 56, 57
and 58 and as the said cylinder 55 and projection 97 are moved in the reverse
direction freeing the radial arms 46, 47 and 48 the beveled portion 98 engages
the upwardly projecting portion of the bell crank and forces this upwardly pro-
jecting portion rearwardly or to the left in Fig. 5, causing the arms of said bell
cranks. which engage the housings 461, 471, and 481 to be moved outwardly
moving the said housings outwardly, freeing the said radial arms from the
contact with the blank and permitting the latter to fall out of the machine.
The radial arms and the mechanism for operating them are provided at each end
of the blank and also at each end of the pattern and are substantial duplicates
of each other, that is to say, there are four sets of such operating arms, one for
cach end of the pattern, and the other for each end of the blank. The movement
of the sleeve 27 is communicated to the sleeve 39 by means of the rods 99, 100
and 101 which extend across in front of the cutter 5 and serve to secure the
said sleeves 27 and 39 rigidly together. The cutters which finish the toe and
heel of the last, together with the means by which they are operated are shown
more clearly Figs. 7 and 8. The said cutters 61 and 104 are what are known as
burr cutters. They are each mounted on a shaft 105 and 106 respectively.
shafts are given two movements, an endwise movement and movement rearwardly
considered with reference to the front of the machine. The said shafts and the
mechanism for actuating them are (duplicates, and I will describe one of said
shafts and its operating mechanism.
.
These
The shaft 106 is mounted in a support 107 which is cut away to accommodate
the band pulley 108 which is splined on said shaft 106 and by means of which
power is applied to rotate the said shaft and its cutter from an independent driving
pulley. The support 107 is pivoted in a pillar block 1081, the pivot being shown
at 109. This pivoted arrangement of the support 107 permits the cutter 104
to be moved rearwardly.as previously stated. The movement of the said cutter 104
toward and from the work, that is the lengthwise movement of the shaft 106
is obtained by means of an arm 110 which is fast on the rock shaft 111. The
upper end of the lever 110 is pivoted at 112 to the lower portion thereof so as to
permit the rearward movement of the shaft 106. The upper end of the lever 110
is forked and is pivoted to a collar 113 loosely mounted on said cutter shaft 106
and held in place by means of the collars 114 and 115, fast on said shaft. The

page_text: shaft 111 is provided with a sheave 116 upon which is wound a cord 117, having
suspended from the lower end thereof a weight 118. The said weight tends to
turn the shaft 111 to the left as viewed in Fig. 7 and thus to force the shaft 106
inwardly and to move the lower end of the lever 110 outwardly. A connecting
rod 119 is pivoted at 120 to the lower end of the lever 110 and the opposite end
of said connection 119 is provided with a cam roll 121 which engages the face of
the cam 122. The connection 119 is enlarged and slotted as shown Fig. 7, the
cam shaft 80 passing through said slot. The weight 118 as will be clear, tends to
hold the cam roll 121 in contact with the cam 122. The inward movement
therefore of the shaft 106 and cutter 104 is obtained from the weight 118 and
the movement in the opposite direction from the cam 122. The cutter 104 there-
fore has a yielding movement. The shaft 111 extends rearwardly, see Fig. 1,
to a lever 123 which corresponds with the lever 110 already described, but which
engages the shaft 124, upon which the dummy or follower corresponding with
the cutter 104 is carried, so that the movement of the said dummy or follower
which is in contact with the toe of the pattern is communicated to the cutter 104.
For the purpose of moving the cutter shaft 106 and the corresponding follower
shaft 124 rearwardly, a cam 125, see Fig. 8 is provided. The said cam is mounted
on the cam shaft 80 and co-operates with a cam roll on the arm 126 which is
fast to the rocker shaft 127. The said shaft 127 is mounted in suitable supports
on the frame of the machine, not shown in Figs. 7 and 8. At each end of the
shaft 127 is secured an arm 128 which extends upwardly and is pivoted to a
connecting rod 129. The connecting rod 129, at the right Figs. 7 and 8, is
pivotally secured at one end to the pivoted support 107, and at the other end
to a corresponding pivoted support for the follower shaft 124, see Fig. 1. As
the cam 125 revolves the arm 126 will be moved forwardly rocking the shaft 127
and moving the arm 128 and connecting rod 129 rearwardly. The rearward
movement of the connecting rod 129 moves the pivoted supports for the shafts 106
and 124 rearwardly thus communicating a rearward movement to the said shafts
and to the cutter and follower respectively carried thereby. At the opposite cud
of the rock shaft 127 similar mechanism is provided for giving the same rear-
ward movement to the shaft 105 of the cutter 61, and the shaft 131 of the corre-
sponding follower.
On the underside of the sliding plate E I secure a bar or rail 200. When the
cutter 5 has passed along to the heel end of the blank by the movement of the
sliding plate on the table A, as heretofore described, the end of the bar 200 will
have passed off the forwardly extending arm of the pivoted T-shaped lever 201,
see Fig. 3, a spring 202 will then act to turn the said lever 201, and the down-
wardly extending end of said lever will be moved forwardly or to the right Fig. 3,
carrying with it the connecting rod 203 to which the said lower end is pivoted.
The forward end of said connecting rod is pivoted to a lever 204 which is in
turn rigidly secured at its upper end to a shaft 205. This shaft 205 is rocked
in its bearings by the means just described, and an arm 206 which is rigidly
secured on said shaft 205 is raised thereby. The arm 206 when depressed bears
on a projection 207 on the bolt 49. When the said arm 206 is raised the bolt
is free to be moved upwardly by the means of a spring 2081, see Fig. 4. The
said bolt 49 as heretofore described, operates according to its position to secure the
cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 together and hold them rigidly, or to secure the sleeve 27
and hold it rigidly while the cylinder 26 is free to revolve, or, again, the said
bolt may be withdrawn from the said sleeve 27 and cylinder 26 permitting both to
revolve. When the spring 202 forces upwardly the forward projecting arm of
the T-shaped lever 201, the rearwardly projecting arm is moved downwardly.
Said rearwardly projecting arm is in engagement with a forwardly projecting
arm 208 fast on a rocker shaft 209. An upwardly projecting lever 210 is also
fast on said shaft 209 and its upper end is in engagement with a sliding clutch
device 13 on the shaft 12. The movement thus effected serves to shift the clutch
device 13 to a position midway between the beveled gears 10 and 11 and said
C

page_text: gears being both loosely mounted on said shaft 12 the movement of the screw 7
and consequently of the carriage C ceases. On the cam shaft 80 is secured a
cam 211 which as it revolves engages a cam rell 212 on the lower end of the
lever 204 and operates to throw the lower end of the said lever further forward,
thus carrying the connection 203 further toward the front of the machine, or to
the right of Fig. 3 and moving the rearwardly projecting arm of the lever 201
downward still further than it was moved by the action of the spring 202. This
further downward movement of the said arm of the lever 201 forces the clutch
device 13 into contact with the bevel gear 11 thus reversing the movement of the
screw 7 and causing the said screw to move the carriage C in a reverse direction
back into the position which it occupies when the cutter 5 begins to operate on a
new blank. This reverse movement of the cutter-carriage C is therefore accom-
plished while the heel and toe of the last are being finished.
Before this reverse movement of the carriage C is commenced the sliding plate E
carrying the cutter 5 is moved rearwardly and held locked in its rearward position
so as to prevent the cutter 5 during the reverse movement of the carriage from
coming in contact with the work. This rearward movement of the sliding plate E.
is accomplished by means of a cam 215 on the cam shaft 80, see Fig. 2. The
said cam operates a lever 216 which is pivoted at 217 to a hanger on the table A.
The upper end of the said lever 216 is moved rearwardly at the proper point in the
revolution of the said cam shaft 80 and engages the rail or bar 200 which is
fast on the underside of the said sliding plate E and operates to force the said
sliding plate E rearwardly. When the said plate has moved rearwardly to the
proper point a spring hook 218, the shank of which is secured to the sliding
plate E snaps over a cross bar of the carriage C and serves to hold the sliding plate E
in its rearward position.
When the machine is ready to begin work on a new blank, the operator raises
the snap hook 218 thus permitting the sliding plate E to be moved forward by
the weight 14 previously described, see Fig. 2. For the purpose of raising the
said snap hook 218, a bell crank lever 219 is pivoted at 220 on the said sliding
plate E. The rear end of said bell crank 219 is connected by means of a link 221
to the said hook 218. The opposite end of the bell crank is pivotally connected
at 222 to a rod 223 which extends forward to the front of the machine, see
Figs. 1 and 2, into a position where it may be readily grasped by the operator.
The forward end of said rod 223 is provided with a notch or projection 224 by
means of which it may be seized and which is located behind the handle 225 and
in such proximity thereto that the operator may readily seize the said handles 224
and 225 and move the rod 223 forward raising the rearwardly projecting end of the
bell crank 219 and freeing the said suap hook from engagement with the cross bar
of the carriage C.
When the bolt 49 is moved upwardly by its spring, as heretofore described,
the lever 230, see Fig. 4, which is fast on the shaft 231 and the free end of which
rests on a projection 232 on the bolt 49, is moved upwardly rocking the said
shaft 231 and throwing the upward end of the lever 233 which is in engagement
with a clutch device 234 to the right Fig. 4. The said lever 233 is forked in
the usual manner at its upper end and is fast to the said shaft 231.
This movement of the clutch device 234 throws the said device into engage-
ment with a beveled pinion 235, see Fig. 1, on the shaft 20, causing the said
pinion to revolve with the said shaft. The pinion 235 is in mesh with a beveled
gear 236 which is fast on the vertical shaft 237 on the lower end of which is a
beveled pinion 238 which is in mesh with a beveled gear 239, see Fig. 3, on the
cam shaft 80. By these means the cam shaft is caused to rotate, the rotation
thereof being confined to that period of the operation of the machine which follows
the completion of its work by the cutter 5. To ensure the clutch device 234
being held in contact with the beveled pinion 235 and also ensure the operation
of the cam shaft, I provide a downwardly extending lever 241 which is fast on
the shaft 231. The lower end of the lever 241, see Fig. 4, carries a cam roller 242

page_text: which is in engagement with the cam 240 throughout almost the entire revolution
of the cam shaft 80, that is to say, the lever 241 is moved by the upward move-
ment of the arm 230 when the clutch device 234 is brought into contact with the
beveled pinion 235 and as soon as the cam shaft 80 is started the cam 240 is
moved into engagement with the cam roll 242 on the said lever arm 241, and the
clutch 234 is thus locked in the position which it occupies when in engagement
with the pinion 235. In this way the continued operation of the cam shaft 80 is.
ensured.
As previously stated, the devices which hold the blank 41 while the cutter 5 is
operating thereon are moved endwise away from the blank after the cutter 5
has finished its work of shaping the sides and top and sole thereof. This endwise
movement of the said devices is effected at the proper time in the operation of the
machine by means of the following described devices:
.
to lasts of
On the cam shaft 80 I provide a cam 250 which engages a cam roll 251 on the
grooved horizontal bar 252, see Figs. 3 and 4. The said bar 252 is provided
with a slotted guide bar 253. The said bar 253 is slotted lengthwise thereof to
accommodate the cam shaft 80 which passes through said slot. The lower end of said
bar is free to move vertically in the socket. The guide har 253 and socket 254 serve to
keep the horizontal bar from lateral displacement and cause it to move vertically in the
same plane. The bar 252 is slotted as shown at 255 and receives in said slot
pins or studs 256 which are secured on the inner ends of the levers 257 and 258.
The said pins 256 being free to slide horizontally in the said slot 255 as the
bar 252 is moved vertically. The slotted bar 252 not only provides for this play
of the pins 256 but also permits the levers 257 and 258 to be moved toward or
from each other, thus permitting an adjustment of the machine
different sizes. The levers 257 and 258 are pivoted at 259 and 260 respectively
and are rigidly connected with the upwardly extending forked levers 261 and 262.
The levers 257 and 261 and 258 and 262 are therefore in effect bell-crank levers.
When the bolt 49 is moved upwardly the lower end thereof is raised from the
arm 270 which is fast on a shaft 271. On the shaft 271 is secured another
arm 272 the upper end of which engages a downwardly projecting arm 273 fast
on the shaft 274. On the shaft 274 is secured an upwardly projecting forked
lever 275 which engages a clutch device 276 on the shaft 20. The lever arm 270,
above referred to, when freed by the upward movement of the bar 49 is forced
upwardly by means of a spring 2081. This causes the arm 272 to move to the
left, Fig. 4, moving the arm 273 with which the said arm 272 is in engagement,
in the same direction, swinging the forked lever 275 to the right, Fig. 4, and
freeing the clutch device 276 from engagement with the pinion 21. Said pinion
is then loose on the shaft 20 and ceases to drive the shaft 12 which remains
stationary until the said clutch device 276 is again forced into engagement with
the pinion 21. This latter occurs when the cam shaft 80 begins to move, causing
the cam to force the free end of the lever 280 upwardly, see Fig. 4, rocking the
shaft 281 to which said lever is secured and causing the lever 50 which is also
secured to said shaft 281 to move downwardly thus forcing downwardly the
arm 270 against the operation of its spring and reversing the movement heretofore
described of the levers 272, 273 and 275, and forcing the clutch device 276
again into engagement with the pinion 21, causing the shaft 12 to operate and
the carriage C to be returned to the position which it occupies when the cutter 5
commences to operate on the blank.
The operation of the machine is as follows:
The pattern having been placed in front of the follower 3 between the rear
heads which serve to hold it in position, and to give it the necessary movement,
the operator places a blank of wood of proper size in position between the forward
heads and in front of the cutter 5. The blank is placed in position by hand,
the operator holding one end of it against the teeth 34 of the arm 32 and moving
the arm 33 which engages the opposite end of the blank inwardly by means
of the hand wheel 514 shown more clearly Fig. 11. The handles 224 and 225

page_text: Fig. 2 are then seized to free the snap hook 218 permitting the weight 14 to move
the slide plate E forward bringing the cutter, 5 into contact with the blank.
The forward movement of the sliding plate E which carries the cutters, carries
forward the bar 200 which rides onto the forwardly projecting arm of the T-shaped
lever 201, see Fig. 3, depressing the said arm and throwing the downwardly
projecting portion of the said lever 201 rearwardly moving the connection 203
rearwardly, swinging the lever 204 and moving the arm 206 downwardly thus
pulling down the bolt 49 and freeing its upper end from the cylinder 26. This
permits the cylinder 26 to revolve in the sleeve 27. The same. movement of the
bar 200 permits the clutch operating lever 210 to move toward the left Fig. 3,
causing the clutch device to engage the beveled gear 10 thus starting the screw
shaft 7. The screw shaft 7 continues in operation and causes the carriage C and
cutter 5 mounted thereon to move across the table A, the said cutter 5 during
this movement operating to form the blank to shape from end to end thereof.
When the carriage C has reached the end of its movement, the bar 200 will have
moved off the T-shaped lever 201 permitting the lever 201 to move in a reverse
direction, unshipping the clutch device 13 and stopping the screw-shaft 7. The
operation of the lever 201 in said reverse direction likewise frees bolt 49 permitting
it to be moved upwardly to lock the cylinder 26 to the sleeve 27. The upward
movement of the bolt 49 operates to throw the clutch device 234 into engagement
with the beveled pinion 235 which drives the vertical shaft 237 and starts the
cam shaft 80. The cams on the cam shaft 80 then operate to move the sliding
plate E carrying the cutter 5 rearwardly in which position it is held by the snap
hook 218. The clutch device 13 is brought into engagement with the beveled
gear 11 causing a reversal of movement of the screw shaft 7 and a reverse move-
ment of the carriage C to return the cutter 5 to the position which it occupies
when it begins to form the blank. The radial arms which serve as supplementary
holding means to hold the blank while the heel and toe are being finished are
then brought into contact with the blank and gripped thereon. The arms 33
and 32 which hold the blank while it is being operated upon by the cutter 5
are then withdrawn and moved out of the line of the heel and toe cutters 61
and 104. The locking bolt 49 is then moved downwardly to its lowest position
to permit the cylinder 26 and sleeve 27 to revolve together and to cause the
sleeve 39 to revolve with them, and the heel and toe cutters are moved toward
and into contact with the heel and toe of the blank. After these cutters have
moved inward to the extreme of their inward movement they are moved rear-
wardly so that the entire unfinished end portions of the blank at the heel and toe
may be formed to shape. The heel and toe cutters are then withdrawn and the
holding arms. 32 and 33 are again brought into position to receive a new blank,
the corresponding arms which engage the pattern again coming into contact with
and operating to hold the pattern and to prevent it from falling out of the machine.
The supplementary radial holders, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 and 48 are then freed and
withdrawn and the finished last is permitted to drop out of the machine.
Having now particularly ascertained and described the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The improved machine for turning articles of irregular shape such as lasts
for boots and shoes, comprising essentially the centers which are caused to hold
the blank during the turning of the length thereof and which are retracted during
the turning of the ends thereof, the cutter by which the length of the blank is
shaped, the devices controlled by a pattern or model and determining the shape
produced by the action of the said cutter upon the said blank, the supplemental
holding devices which engage the blank and hold it in its original working position
after the disengagement of the said centers therefrom, the supplemental cutters
which operate upon the portions of the blank at the ends thereof where the blank
at first was engaged by said centers, and the devices whereby to determine the

page_text: shape of said portions of the blank as produced by the action of the said supple-
mental cutters.
2. The improved machine for turning articles of irregular shape such as lasts
for boots and shoes, and the like, comprising the carrier having a lengthwise and
a lateral movement, the cutter which is carried therein, the centers which hold
the blank while the length thereof is being turned and are retracted to permit of
the shaping of the ends thereof, means for holding said cutter in contact with the
blank by a yielding pressure, the devices, controlled by a pattern, to effect the
shaping of the length of the blank to correspond with the pattern, the supple-
mental holding devices which engage the blank and hold it in its original working
position after the retraction of the centers aforesaid, the means for disengaging
the centers after the said cutter has completed its part of the work of shaping the
blank, the supplemental cutters having a lengthwise and lateral movement and
held in contact with the blank by a yielding pressure, and the devices guided by
the pattern and causing said supplemental cutters to operate upon the unfinished
portions of the blank to complete the formation thereof.
3. The improved devices for holding the blank and the pattern during the turning
of the length and end portions thereof, comprising the centers, the devices for
placing them in and out of engagement with the ends of the blank and pattern,
the auxiliary holding devices for the blank and pattern, and the devices for placing
them in and out of operation.
4. The herein described machine for turning irregular objects such as lasts for
boots and shoes.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.