Improvements relating to the Casting of Cored and Compound Ingots, and in the Cores for same.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements relating to the Casting of Cored and Compound
Ingots, and in the Cores for same.
I, LEWIS CAMERON, of 184, Ellesmere Road, City of Sheffield, Steel Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:
My invention relates to the process of casting hollow or cored ingots, and cored
compound ingots or solid compound ingots, and more particularly to the cores used
in such process.
It is usual to make the cores of loam or sand and these being friable materials it
often happens that in the process of casting portions become detached and are
embedded in the metal, and great difficulty is experienced in obtaining clean smooth
surfaces.
I propose to construct the cores of metal in longitudinal sections so formed that
the core will collapse, and can then be readily withdrawn from the surrounding
metal.
For example in casting a simple ingot with a round centre hole, I make a tubular,
core of metal of the required diameter, divided longitudinally into three (or more)
sections one being a narrow dovetailed strip, the broad edge being inwards, so that
it can be readily driven from its position into the centre hole. If four sections
are used I prefer to make two narrow strips arranged opposite to each other.
I make the base of the mould with a ring or annular groove in the centre to
receive the end of the core, or other equivalent means may be used to retain the
core in position, the top of sections being held by a ring, cramp or the like.
When the metal has been poured into the mould and is sufficiently set, the top
of the core is released and the dovetailed strip or strips knocked into the centre hole,
which sets all the sections at liberty so that they can be removed.
By this arrangement a surface is imparted to the interior of the ingot, corre-
sponding with that of the core, and clean.
For a compound ingot of any metals or alloys of metals, say for example of soft
steel outside and hard steel inside with a hole through the centre for a gun, I cast
the outer ring first using a core of my improved construction, I then remove this
core and replace it with one of smaller diameter and pour the harder steel into the
aunular space between the core and the outer ring of hot and softer metal, after-
wards removing the smaller core as before explained.
These improved cores may be used in single or in cluster ingots.

page_text: Improvements relating to the Casting of Cored and Compound
Ingots, and in the Cores for same.
I, LEWIS CAMERON, of 184, Ellesmere Road, City of Sheffield, Steel Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same has to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to the process of casting hollow or cored ingots, and cored
compound ingots or solid compound ingots, and particularly to the construction of
the cores used in such process.
It is usual in casting hollow or tubular ingots to make the cores of loam or sand.
and both of these being friable materials, it often happens that in the process of
casting, portions become detached and are embedded in the metal, and great
difficulty is experienced in obtaining clean smooth surfaces on the ingot.
The improvements in the construction of the cores are illustrated in the annexed
sheet of drawings in which like letters of reference indicate like parts in any of the
figures.
Fig. 1, is a plan, and Fig. 2 an elevation partly in section of one of my improved
cores.
Fig. 3, is also a plan, and Fig. 4 an elevation of a modification of the former
figures.
Fig. 5, is a section of a compound ingot produced by the use of my cores.
Fig. 6, shows a part plan of an improved core for compound ingots, and a section
of the outer part of an ingot produced from same.
In carrying out my invention I construct my improved cores of metal in longi-
tudinal sections, which are marked A, and B, in the drawings, so formed that when
desired, the core can be made to collapse centrally, thus enabling the sectional
pieces to be removed from the surrounding metal of the ingot or other like casting.
For example in casting a simple ingot with a round centre hole, I make a core
such as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or 3 and 4, consisting of a number of sectional
parts A, and B, more or less as preferred, and having a central tubular opening 0.
The parts or sections B, are dovetailed and are preferably narrower than the
sections A, the broad edge being to the central opening as shown, so that when
required they can be readily forced from their normal position into the centre
opening, by the blow of a hammer, or by other means.
The base of the mould C, is provided with a stay or guide preferably in the form
of a block D, which may be either solid with the base as represented in Fig. 2, or
removable so as to permit other sizes to be substituted as in Fig. 4, but a ring, or
an annular groove may be used if desired. The segments of the core fit round and
against this block, and are thus held in position at their bottom ends, the top ends
being secured by any suitable means.
When the core so constructed is placed in the mould, and the molten metal
poured into the space around it, has become sufficiently set, the top of the core is
released and the dovetailed strips or sections B, are knocked into the central space 0,
setting all the sections A, at liberty, and ready to be removed.
The inside facing of the ingot so produced corresponds with the outside surface of
the core, and may thus be perfectly smooth and clean, and either round as shown,
octagonal square or of other configuration.
In casting a compound ingot of any metals, or alloys, such for example as an
ingot for a gun having an outside of tough steel, and a tubular lining of hard
steel, a section of which is shown in Fig. 5, I cast the outer ring S, first, using a core
of my improved construction as before described.

page_text: I then remove, such core and substitute one of the size of the required centre
hole CO, and pour in the hard metal H, the small core being afterwards removed
in like manner.
In such compound castings it may be advisable in order to obtain a perfect
welding or uniting of the two metals, to produce a fluted, corrugated or otherwise
Toughened surface upon the first casting S, this can be done by preparing the outside
surface of the core as shown in Fig. 6, which represents a portion of the first
casting S, with a fluted inside face, and part of the core which has produced it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1 A core, for use in casting tubular, or like hollow centred ingots, or castings;
made in sections, and some of the sections being dovetailed for the purpose of being
easily released from the others, substantially as hereinbefore described, and as
shown in the drawings.
2 In the process of casting compound ingots, or tubular ingots, composed of con-
centric layers of different or varying metals, the use of a series of collapsible cores
constructed with dovetailed longitudinal sections as herein before described and
shown.
3-In combination with a mould having on its base or bottom plate a guide or
stay D; a core, made of metal divided longitudinally into sections, A, and bevelled
strips, B, as herein before described and set forth.
1000
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicant.