AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FLAT-BACKED HANDLES AND RINGS OF DIFFERENT SHAPES AND FORMS, USED WITH OR APPIXED TO CABINET AND OTHER FURNITURE AND THINGS
Year: 1811

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,. WILLIAM
JENKINS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brassfounder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-first day of May, in
the fifty-first year of His reign, gave and granted unto me, the said William
Jenkins, His especial licence that I, the said William Jenkins, might, during
the term of years therein expressed, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FLAT-BACKED HANDLES AND RINGS OF DIFFERENT
SHAPES AND FORMS, USED WITH OR APPIXED TO CABINET AND OTHER FURNITURE AND
THINGS;" in which said Letters Patent a proviso is contained, obliging me,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within two calendar months after the date of such Letters Patent, or otherwise
that the same Letters Patent should be void, as in such Letters Patent,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Jenkins, in order to comply
with the said proviso, do find it necessary to observe that flat-backed handles
and rings when taken from the casting mould are rough, and have also
round the sides a rough and irregular frasing of surplus metal; the method
hitherto used to take off the said frasing or surplus metal, and for making the
sides after so taking off, and also the roughness left by the casting on the other
parts, sufficiently smooth for further dressing, has been to file, float, and turn,
or to file and turn, or file and float the same as the article has required, which
process has occasioned not only a great deal of unnecessary labour, but also has
been productive of great loss of metal in the file dust and turnings taken from
the same.
Now I, the said William Jenkins, do declare that one part of my said
Invention is that of rendering the whole of the said articles after coming
out of the casting mould, except the frasing or surplus metal round the sides
thereof, sufficiently smooth for further dressing by stamping the same only, and
that my process of doing it is this (namely):-I use for the lower die one
sunk after the manner of the lower die hitherto used in stamping handles
and rings not having flat backs thereto; but instead of using for my upper or
shank die a grooved or hollow die, as by the former mode of stamping
handles and rings not having flat backs it has been customary to do, and
wherein it has been usual to sink the form wanted on the back which was
nearly the same as the form in the lower die, I use for my upper or shank
die one with an entire flat or smooth face, which new method gives not
only the form and pattern sunk in the lower die, but also a smooth flat back,
and the back becomes likewise by such process so extremely even, that
the removal of the frasing or surplus metal on the sides, by the piercing and
clipping of some articles, or by clippling only of others with tools at a press, is
thereby greatly facilitated. And I, the said William Jenkins, do likewise
further declare, that piercing and clipping, or clipping only with tools at a
press of the said articles, is a farther part of my said Invention, and that the
process thereof is as follows (namely):-I by piercing take off with a pair of
tools at a stroke or blow from the the press the greater part of the frasing or
surplus metal from the inner side of the article, and then by clipping such
article, I with a pair of tools at a blow or stroke of the press take off the
greater part of the frasing or surplus metal from the outside, leaving in each
process only a small part of the frasing or surplus metal with the sharp edges
of the same to be afterwards smoothed by floating and turning, or by floating.
only; whereas by the method hitherto used the framing or surplus metal has

page_text: been taken off at the same time as the other parts have been smoothed, and
the whole has been done by filing, floating, and turning, by filing and floating,
or by filing and turning, as the article has required for the further dressing
thereof; so that by my new method of manufacturing flat-backed handles and
rings, not only a great part of the labour that was by the former method
employed in filing, floating, and turning, filing and floating, or filing and
turning is prevented, but nearly the whole of the metal which by the former
mode went into file dust and turnings of file dust only is saved, because the
greater part of the frasing or surplus metal is by my said Invention taken off
in such large fragments as to render the waste with common caution very
trifling. Thus have I described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which it is performed; but wishing still further to elucidate both
parts of my said Invention, I have in the margin given Drawings thereof, and I
explain the same in manner following, (that is to say):-
-
Figure 1 represents my shank die, which is quite flat upon the face. This
die is put into the stamp hammer, and in the act of stamping acts upon
the article intended to be stamped when laid upon the die, Figure 2, which
Figure 2 is the lower die in which the impression required for the front
and side parts of the double handle, Figure 5, is sunk ready for stamping.
Figure 3 represents a single handle in the state it appears from the casting, the
dots therein where letter A is placed shewing the small sand holes and rough
surface in and upon the same when taken out of the casting mould; and the
letter B therein shews the frasing or surplus metal left on the sides in casting;
the greater part of the frasing or surplus metal left on the sides after the same
is stampt is by my new method taken off by clipping only. Figures 4 and 5
represent a ring and double handle as they appear by my said new method
after stampt; the letter C therein representing the front, back, and other parts
that become in that act sufficiently smooth for the further dressing thereof;
and the letter D therein shews the frasing or surplus metal on the inner sides
of the same; letter E represents the frasing or surplus metal on the outer
sides; and Figure 6 shews Figure 5 after pierced, having the greater part of
the inner frasing or surplus metal (represented therein by letter D in double
handle Figure 5) taken therefrom; Figure 7 is the inner frasing, taken from
double handle, Figure 5, by piercing, which sometimes is in one piece, as
represented, but generally in fragments; Figure 8 shews double handle,
Figure 5, from the clipping after pieces, having the greater part of the frasing
or surplus metal (represented by letter E in the double handle, Figure 5,
taken from the outer side thereof; Figure 9 represents the outer frasing or

page_text: surplus metal taken from double handle, Figure 5, (represented in letter E in
said double handle,) by clipping, which sometimes is in one piece, as represented,
but principally in fragments.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Jenkins, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of July, in the fifty-first year of 5
the reign of His said Majesty, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eleven.
WEBB, Extra.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1811, the aforesaid William Jenkins came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Seventeenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eleven.