Improvements in Lamps.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 1st July, 1889-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
1, LASSLO CHANDOR, of No. 60 Gorochowo, St. Petersburg, Russia, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My present invention in lamps consists
1. In an improved construction whereby the atmospheric pressure necessary to
maintain a constant level of the illuminating agent in the compartment of the
reservoir from which the wick draws its supply, is brought to bear upon the surface
of such agent in a separate compartment communicating with the wick compartment
at the base thereof, by means of an orifice situated within the lamp, so that no portion
of the illuminating agent can escape through such orifice to the outside of the lamp,
either by vaporization or by the shaking of the lamp when being moved, while at
same time the free entrance of air to the reservoir prevents the formation of a vacuum
therein, the entrance of the required quantity of air for this purpose being through
the same orifice by which part of the air necessary to support combustion enters the
lamp.
2. In an improved connection between the part of the lamp carrying the wick tube
and the wick raising mechanism, and the reservoir of the lamp, whereby the escape
of the illuminating agent through such connection (either by vaporization or by the
shaking of the lamp) will be effectually prevented.
My invention is principally intended to be applied to that class of lamps for
burning hydrocarbon oils, described in my prior patents No. 10234 dated
29th August 1885, and No. 12336 dated 12th September 1887, and with such
improved lamps I prefer to employ the improved form of lamp glass or chimney
(having a contracted orifice at top) described in my prior Patent No. 525 dated
11th January 1889, and I so construct the mantle employed in such lamps as to
ensure the glass or chimney occupying the proper position thereon.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 an elevation of a lamp showing my invention
applied thereto.
In carrying out my present improvements I make the reservoir A to contain the
illuminating agent with a central circular inner compartment A' formed by a
partition B depending down from the top to near the bottom of the outer compart-
ment as in my previous patents (No. 10234 A.D. 1885 and No. 12336 A.D. 1887)
above referred to, the part C carrying the wick tube D and the wick raising
mechanism E screwing on to the upper side of the centre of the reservoir. The
connection between the wick carrying part C and the reservoir A consists in an
externally screw threaded neck a projecting up from the latter, while the lower end
of the wick carrying part C is in the form of an inverted cup the inner surface of
the outer rim c of which is screw threaded to engage the screw thread on the neck a
of the reservoir A. The wick tube D is arranged centrally within the cup and its
lower end is of such diameter as to freely enter into and leave a clearance between
its outer surface and the inner surface of the partition B forming the wall of the
inner compartment A' of the reservoir of the illuminating agent. An orifice or
orifices 6 is or are formed in the upper portion of such partition at a height above
the level of the liquid therein.
The outer surface of the wick carrying part C of the lamp is pierced with a hole
or holes c to supply air to the wick.
The air entering by such hole or holes will find its way both to the wick
between the wick tube and a sleeve F surrounding same and also by an opening

page_text: through the top of the cup C of the screw connection, where it passes through the
space existing between the lower end of the wick tube D and the wall B of the
inner compartment A¹ of the reservoir, and proceeds through a small tube to
the orifice or orifices & therein, and so to the outer compartiment, and thus exerts the
necessary pressure on the surface of the liquid in the latter to maintain a constant
level of the liquid in the inner compartment A¹ of the reservoir. This pressure of air
will also considerably increase the capillary attraction of the wick, and serves to keep
the lamp cool.
By thus arranging the air orifice b to the outer compartment A¹ of the reservoir
within the lamp and by the form of cup connection between the part carrying
the wick tube D and the reservoir A all escape of the illuminating agent will be
effectually prevented, as any portion thereof which may volatilize will condense on
the inner surface of the cup and flow back to the inner compartment A' of the
reservoir, while the splashing of the liquid due to sudden movements of the lamp
will in the same manner be caused to drain or flow back to such inner compart-
ment A', instead of any portion thereof finding its way out through the screw
connection.
The mantle G surrounding the wick flame H and at the upper end of which a
second flame 1 (which gives the light required) burns-as described in my prior
Patents No. 10234 A.D. 1885, and No. 12336 A.D. 1887-may be screwed on to or
otherwise secured to the part carrying the wick tube D, and the chimney or glass J
to be mounted in the gallery K carried by such mantle G is preferably provided
with an enlargement k at the part which when in position surrounds the flame I
at the upper end of the mantle G, while the opening ; in the upper end of the
glass or chimney J is contracted as described in my patent No. 525 dated
11th January 1889. By these means the whole of the products of combustion
which hitherto have given rise to disagreeable odours in lamps of this class are
entirely consumed, and all such smells absolutely avoided.
I construct the mantle G surrounding and projecting above the wick tube D (and
at the mouth of which the second flame I burns), with a collar g near its upper end,
so as to limit the downward movement thereon of the gallery K to receive the
chimney or glass J, thereby ensuring the correct position of the enlargement k of
such chimney or glass.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that
what I claim is :-
1. The improved reservoir for lamps consisting in an inner and an outer compart-
ment, the partition between which has an opening or openings in its upper end,
above the level of the illuminating agent in the outer compartment, the upper part
of such outer compartment being in communication with the external atmosphere,
through the part of the lamp carrying the wick tube, all substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
2. The improved screw connection between the part of the lamp carrying the wick
tube, and the reservoir of lamps, consisting in an externally screw threaded neck at
the top of such reservoir and an inverted cup shaped part at the base of the part
carrying the wick tube, the outer rim of such cup being internally threaded to
engage the thread on the neck of the reservoir, and the inner part of such cup being
of such diameter as to leave a clearance between its outer surface and the inner
surface of the neck on the reservoir, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. The formation on the mantle G surrounding and projecting above the wick
tube D, of a collar g near its upper end, so as to ensure the proper position of the
chimney or glass (which is carried by a gallery fitting on to such mantle) in
relation to the flame burning at the upper end of such mantle, substantially as
specified.
4. The improved lamp consisting of a reservoir with an inner and an outer com-
partment, the partition between which is pierced with an opening or openings at its

page_text: upper end, while the wick carrying part terminates in an internally screw threaded
inverted cup, the outer rim of which engages an externally threaded neck at the
top of the reservoir, while the inner part of the cup enters the inner compartment
of such reservoir, leaving a clearance all round, such cup being provided with
openings or passages to the external air, and also to the top of the wick tube, and
to the outer compartment of the reservoir, the whole in combination with a mantle
surrounding and projecting above the wick tube and upon which a collar is
formed in order to ensure the glass or chimney which it carries occupying the
proper position in relation to the flame which burns at the top of such mantle, all
substantially as specified.
DL:
T1000
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.