Improvements in Gas or other Explosive Engines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 28th May, 1891-Accepted, 18th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas or other Explosive Engines.
I, GEORGE CYRUS OFFEN of No. 7 Leswin Road Stoke Newington N.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention has for its object the improvement of gas or other explosive
engines whereby more of the expansive force of the gases may be utilised & less
shock experienced from their sudden expansion, & because of the increased length
of the cylinder the compression of the explosive mixture may be accomplished in
the working cylinder.
In carrying out my invention I employ one or more cylinders (preferably longer
than ordinarily used) each cylinder having two or more pistons made to travel in
opposite directions, and so coupled or connected as to use the power from each, the
space between them may be used for the explosive chamber.
By causing the pistons to travel in opposite directions their speed is virtually
doubled and the power extracted when it is greatest.
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501 1
1000
G. C. OFFEN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas or other Explosive Engines.
I GEORGE CYRUS OFFEN of No. 7 Leswin Road Stoke Newington, N.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the improvement of gas or other explosive
engines whereby more of the expansive force of the gases may be utilized and less
shock experienced from their sudden expansion and because of the form and
arrangement of the cylinder and pistons, the compression of the explosive mixture
can be accomplished in the working cylinder.
In carrying out my invention 1 employ one or more cylinders, preferably longer
than ordinarily used, to make room for the two pistons and only to halve the stroke
but if more than two pistons are used, and I prefer to use four, then the cylinder is
made in the form of a cross or star, each arm or point to contain a piston which
travels in an opposite direction to its vis à vis, but so coupled or connected that all
the pistons come to, or go from the centre simultaneously and the connections so
arranged that the power from each piston may be utilized.
The form of the pistons may be varied to suit the number used, also to increase
or decrease the space for expansion and compression between them.
By this arrangement the space between the pistons becomes the explosive
chamber, and the explosive chamber is practically made up of a series of sections
or segments (which are really pistons) and at the moment of ignition each receives
its quota of force, instead of the greater part of the power being wasted on an
immovable substance as the walls of an ordinary explosive chamber; thus nearly,
if not all of the power resulting from the expansion is utilized and, as the pistons
travel out in opposite directions they admit of the very rapid expansion of the
gases, this gives a greater initial pressure and at the same time greatly reduces the
shock from the explosion, and will thus allow of this class of engine being made less
massive and consequently more portable.
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page_text: Further, in the return stroke of the pistons it offers greater facilities for
compressing the mixture.
I do not restrict myself to the use of only two pistons, as any number can be
employed by the above arrangement, morcover, the form of the piston can be so
varied as to offer the most favourable surface for the pressure to act upon.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this
Specification, in which
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Figure 1, Sheet 1, illustrates the engine in vertical section taken through the
centre of cylinder.
C represents the cylinder, E the explosive chamber formed by the ends of the
pistons, P the pistons in position ready for the explosion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a gas or other explosive engine the cylinder or cylinders to be so con-
structed and arranged as to admit of the use of two or more pistons working in
opposite directions but coupled so that all the pistons come to, or go from the
centre simultaneously and that the power from each piston may be utilized.
2. The pistons to be so formed and arranged that the space between them
becomes the explosive chamber and each piston receives a quota of pressure from
the explosion of the gases.
3. The pistons travelling in opposite directions simultaneously virtually increases
their speed and so permits more rapid expansion of the gases, and gives greater
initial pressure and reduction of shock.
4. The combination and arrangement of pistons for gas and other explosive
engines for the purposes specified.
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