IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, SILK, WORSTED, WOOLLEN, LINEN, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hodgkinson, of Bolton-le-Moors and Southport,
both in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, SILK, WORSTED,
WOOLLEN, LINEN, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 30th December 1879, and dated the 11th July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hodgkinson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July 1879.
JAMES HODGKINSON, of Bolton-le-Moors and Southport, both in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
COTTON, SILK, WORSTED, WOOLLEN, LINEN, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to machines known as spinning or twisting frames (other
than mule spinning) and doubling frames, which consists of an improved method
of working inverted flyers and in supporting the bobbins or cops, which can both
be made on my improved plan. The warve is driven in the ordinary way, to
which is connected the inverted flyer above the top rail, through which the ordinary
spindle passes and which carries the bobbin or cop. The rails for supporting the
warve and inverted flyer are stationary, the sliding or lifting rail being the one
which supports the spindle to which is fixed the bobbin or cop.
By this method the warve is loose on the spindle, and is directly connected with
and drives the flyer, by which means the motive power required for spinning is.
greatly reduced.
The bobbin or cop revolves with and is fixed to the spindle which is turned by
the thread carried round with the flyer onto the bobbin, the drag of which is
effected and regulated by a spring or other equivalents, which can be adjusted with
a tension screw or other equivalents which makes it a positive drag, which is not
possible under the old arrangements where the bobbin is loose on the spindle or

page_text: where the flyer is drawn round by the thread. By this means better spinning and
finer counts of yarn-can-be.spun than hitherto.
The bobbin or cop is not liable to come in contact-with-the-oil, and is fixed to
and revolves with the spindle, the speed of which is regulated by the twist and
drag
Doffing can be more easily performed than in the old way of working, as the
bobbin or cop can be taken off without removing the flyer.
Greater speed and steadiness-can be obtained, and production increased, oil
economized, wages saved, and the usual waste of yarn from contact with oil and
-the-old-mode of doffing, is prevented.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Hodgkinson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
January 1880.
JAMES HODGKINSON, of Bolton-le-Moors and Southport, both in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
COTTON, SILK, WORSTED, WOOLLEN, LINEN, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to that class of machinery known as spinning and doubling
frames, and is applicable to other machines used for the purpose of twisting other
than mules; and consists in an improved method of constructing and working
tubular twisters, and the means of obtaining an improved "drag" thereby, and
which I describe as follows:-
I employ a tube which has attached to the lower end thereof a wharve or pulley,
and at the other end has screwed an inverted flyer. This is held in the top rail
and driven-in-the-ordinary manner_from_tin cylinders. Through the hollow tube
passes the spindle which has attached a braid or disc upon which the bobbin rests.
In this case the spindle is not driven directly but is left to rotate with the velocity
imparted by the revolving tube and the action of the thread. The "drag
regulated by a spring acting upon the lower end of the spindle, and is adjusted by
a screw, as shown.
"
18
A modification of the above arrangement, which I find to possess great advantages,
I construct as follows:-I use a tube, as above described, and shorten it to the
required length, the hole through which it works being widened sufficiently for the
bobbin, cop, tube, or twisted material to pass through. In this case I dispense with
the flyer legs and form or attach to the tube a wharve or pulley, and drive in
the ordinary manner from tin cylinders arranged for the purpose, as shewn in the
Drawings, or as may be desired or convenient. On the upper edge of the tube are
arranged eyelets for the yarn to pass through, and made with a slot, as shewn, so
that."piecing" can be readily performed; when these become worn they can be
brazed in the ordinary manner; or preferably I have steel or other metallic bushes
or rings which are cut the width of the slot, and then sprung into the' eyelet, and

page_text: when worn thrown away and replaced with new; or a hook or eye made of suitable
inetal fixed to the top of the tube and removed when worn, as before described.
The tube so constructed is made to revolve in a reservoir of oil, such reservoir or
trough can be cast in the rail or made separately, as described in the Drawings, and
the rail or other fixture being prepared to receive them. The inner boss of this oil
arrangement forms the bearing or bolster round which the tube revolves. The
under flange of the wharve or pulley is so arranged as to form a cap or cover to
prevent dirt from getting in or oil escaping from the reservoir. As in the former
part of my Invention the spindle is not required to be driven for the purpose of
twisting, but may be driven at any required speed from the tin cylinder to the
wharve S, as shewn on Fig. 9, for the purpose of assisting "winding on" or "drag,"
or left free to be drawn round by the thread, in which case the drag can be adjusted
by having a braid or disc on the spindle to support the bobbins, or cops, or tubes,
and a screw and spring, or their equivalents, at the lower end of the spindle, as
before described; or a dead spindle, or peg may be used, to which is attached a
braid or disc for the purpose of holding the bobbin, cop, or tube, and forming the
drag" in the ordinary manner by means of "washers" placed between the bobbin
and braid, or by tubes fitting the spindles, or by the bobbins or tubes being suitably
bushed. In this case the spindle or peg is held rigidly in the rail by means of a
screw or other arrangement. The building and construction of the bobbins or cops
is effected by the ordinary means.
**
In order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Drawings, reference being
made to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figs. 1 and 2 are intended to represent the front elevations of a throstle or
doubling frame to which my improvements are applied.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same shewing the two kinds of flyers or twisters
I employ in my improvement. A, A, are my inverted flyers and twisting tubes ;
B, B, the centre spindles; C, C, the top stationary rails; D, D, the sliding rails for
giving the motion to the bobbins, or cops, or centre spindles; E, E, the ordinary tin
roller; F, F, are small tin guiding rollers for the bands; G, G, are the frame sides ;
H, H, are the creels; I, I, the troughs; J, J, the press rollers.
Fig. 4, i is the tube to which is attached the wharve h, and at the other end is
screwed the inverted flyer k; C are the rails for supporting the same; B, the
spindle which passes through the tube i with the braid g on which the bobbin d
rests.
Fig. 5 is a front elevation of Fig. 4 shewing the drag arrangement. ○ are the
springs, and P the screws for operating on the springs O.
Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of my improved twister or tube with the wharve
on the outside. a is the tube or twister; b, the wharve; c, the eyelets and slots
for the yarn to pass through; d, the bobbin; B, the dead spindle or peg; C, the
stationary rail; D, the travelling rail.
Fig. 7 is a plan of tube or twister shewing bobbin d in the centre.
Fig. 8 is an elevation of Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 represents a spindle with a cop wound on a paper or other tube at the
bottom of the centre spindle; B is the spring for regulating the drag, as shewn in
Fig. 5.
Fig. 10 represents the same with a metal tube, in which is a spiral slot to give
the required elasticity.
Fig. 11 represents a bobbin or spool having a small flange below recessed to fit
on the spindle braid g. e are the hooks or eyes; C', the oil trough in rail C;
C, the bearing for tube or twister.
It is evident from the above that many advantages will accrue from this system,
such as greater facility in "piecing," doffing without stoppage of machine, greater
steadiness and increased speed of twister, resulting in greater production.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the mode of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not bind myself to the

page_text: the exact details given, but may vary the same according to the requiremants and
_the_peculiar construction of the machines to which it may be applied; but that
what I claim and desire to be secured-to-me-by-the-herein before part recited Letters
Patent is,
First. The respective combinations of improved tube and inverted flyer with
spindle and drag arrangement, operating substantially in the manner described and
as shewn respectively in the Drawings in Figures 4, 5, and in Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
and 11.
Second. The combination of improved tube and twister and lubricating arrange-
ment, constructed and operating substantially in the manner described and shewn
in the Drawings, Figures 6 to 11.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hodgkinson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord, One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
JAMES HODGKINSON. (L.S.)
Witness,
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
30, Arrowsmith Terrace,
Bolton-le-Moors,