and Scarf Slide Fronts, and in Tools to be Used therefor.
Year: 1886

page_text: and Scarf Slide Fronts, and in Tools to be Used therefor.
I, JOHN BAKER of 63 Hockley Hill, Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturing Jeweller do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to that part of bracelets and scarf rings, commonly called
the fronts which consist essentially of a curved band or strip of sheet metal,
broadened or widened out at its middle into a curved front; that is to say, the
middle part of the front is widened out into a curved or angular figure, which
graduates or narrows to the ends. The edges are beaded or rolled over into circular
edgings, which impart strength and give the appearance of an object made from
thicker and more serviceable metal than it is.
The terminal ends are shaped respectively to form the snap and joint; the latter
being for the purpose of opening out the bracelet or scarf slide from the other part,
while the former is for the purpose of fastening the hinged part to the back part; .
and my said invention consists in the production of those parts of bracelet and
scarf slides or rings called fronts, by tools, and by the process, or combination of
processes as hereinafter described.
I will describe my invention in connection with a bracelet front; in which
the broadened out middle part is somewhat domed or made bulbous or curved
uniformally on both sides.
I take a blank resembling in configuration the front or object to be made; that
is, I take a blank of the exact length of the front to be made, with fork like prongs
upon one end (which are to form the knuckles of the joint). The other end is left
plain, while the blank is broader than the object to be made, by the amount of
inetal that will be required to form the rolled or curled up edgings.
By means of press tools, I raise the blank aforesaid into a trough form, with open
ends; that is, I turn up the edges of the blank to the extent of about three
sixteenths of an inch in a direction at right angles to the other part.
The tools employed consist of a long flat bottom die having a middle or bed of
the exact inside trough shape of the turned up blank, and an upper die or tool
somewhat fork like, and having the external or outside shape of the troughed
blank.

page_text: The next process is the curling of the turned up edgings of the troughed blank
into beadings or rolls. This I effect by means of an upper and lower die, one of
which is provided with longitudinal channels or grooves of the exact contour of the
edges or outsides of the front to be made. The bottoms or tops of these channels
are semicircular or rounded off, while the distance between the flat or inside bed
part of the die, is equal to the distance between the back of the front, and the top
of the beading. The other die is a plain die that simply follows the plain outside
of the side of the front; so that on the two dies coming together, with the troughed
blank between them, the terminals of the turned up edges are rolled or curled
inwards, by the curved or semi-circular closed ends of the channels, against which
the said edges are forcibly impressed, thereby producing beadings or rolled edgings,
upon the back side of a flat blank. This flat blank with rolled edges is now
shaped between a pair of dies of the inside and outside shapes of the front, but
curved at their ends, in order to bring the blank into a bridge form with flat top.
This forms the first process of bending the front into shape.
The second process consists in taking two semi-circular dies of the inside and
outside shape of a finished front to be made, and finally shaping or curving it, by
bringing the dies together, when a semi-circular or bowed front with rolled edges is
thereby produced.
The process of forming the hinge joint consists of a lower die with a semi-
circular cut out part of the breadth of the hinge, and passing vertically upwards
from the cut out part, a side rest or guide is situated against which the plain side
of the front is guided on being pressed vertically downwards with the fork like
extensions at the entrance of the semi-circular cut out parts; so that on pressure
being applied vertically to the object when in this position, the pronged ends are
rolled up into a knuckle joint with an axial hole passing therethrough. This
process is conducted anterior to the arched bending or shaping process as described.
Although I have described that the front has only one swell at or about its
middle, yet two extensions or scollops may be formed near its middle; the former
of which resembles somewhat the form of an hour glass.
By the process or combination of processes described, bracelet or scarf fronts
are much more economically produced than by the ordinary process of making
by hand.
T
1000
JOHN BAKER.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: improvements in the Production of Certain kinds of Bracelet
and Scarf Slide Fronts, and in Tools to be Used therefor.
I, JOHN BAKER of 63 Hockley Hill Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturing Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CERTAIN KINDS OF BRACELET AND
SCARF SLIDE FRONTS, AND IN TOOLS TO BE USED THEREFOR," and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to that part of bracelets and scarf rings, commonly called
the fronts which consist essentially of a curved band or strip of sheet metal
broadened or widened out at its middle into a curved front; that is to say, the
middle part of the front is widened out into a curved or angular figure which
graduates or narrows to the ends. The edges are beaded or rolled over into
circular edgings, which impart strength and give the appearance of an object made
from thicker and more serviceable metal than it is.
The terminal ends are shaped respectively to form the snap and joint; the latter
being for the purpose of opening out the bracelet or scarf slide from the other part,
while the former is for the purpose of fastening the hinged part to the back part;
and my said invention consists in the production of those parts of bracelet and
scarf slides or rings called fronts, by tools, and by the process, or combination of
processes as hereinafter described.
I will describe my invention in connection with a bracelet front; in which the
broadened out middle part may be somewhat domed up or made bulbous or curved
uniformally on both sides.
I take a blank resembling in configuration the front or object to be made; that
is, I take a blank of the exact length of the front to be made, with fork like
prongs upon one end (which are to form the knuckles of the joint). The other
end is left plain, while the blank is broader than the object to be made, by the
amount of metal that will be required to form the rolled or curled up edgings.
By means of press tools, I raise the blank aforesaid into a trough form, with
open ends; that is, I turn up the edges of the blank to the extent of about three
sixteenths of an inch in a direction at right angles to the other part.
The tools employed consist of a long flat bottom die having a middle or bed of
the exact inside trough shape of the turned up blank, and an upper die or tool
somewhat fork like, and having the external or outside shape of the troughed.
blank.
The next process is the curling of the turned up edgings of the troughed blank
into beadings or rolls. This I effect by means of an upper and lower die, one of
which is provided with longitudinal channels or grooves of the exact contour of the
edges or outsides of the front to be made. The bottoms or tops of these channels
are semicircular or rounded off, while the distance between the flat or inside bed
part of the die, is equal to the distance between the back of the front, and the top
of the beading. The other die is a plain die that simply follows the plain outside
of the side of the front; so that on the two dies coming together, with the
troughed blank between them, the terminals of the turned up edges are rolled or

page_text: curved inwards, by the curved or semicircular closed ends of the channels, against
which the said edges are forcibly impressed, thereby producing beadings or rolled
edgings upon the back side of a flat blank. This flat blank with rolled edges, is
now shaped between a pair of dies of the inside and outside shapes of the front,
but curved at their ends, in order to bring the blank into a bridge form with flat
top. This form³ the first process of bending the front into shape.
The second process consists in taking two semi-circular dies of the inside and
outside shape of a finished front to be made, and finally shaping or curving it, by
bringing the dies together, when a semicircular or bowed front with rolled edges
is thereby produced.
The process of forming the hinge joint consists of a lower die with a semicircular
cut out part of the breadth of the hinge; and passing vertically upwards from the
cut out part, a side rest or guide is situated against which the plain side of the front
is guided on being pressed vertically downwards with the fork like extensions at
the entrance of the semicircular cut out parts; so that on pressure being applied
vertically to the object when in this position, the pronged ends are rolled up into a
knuckle joint with an axial hole passing therethrough. This process is conducted
anterior to the arched bending or shaping process as described.
Although I have described that the front has only one swell at or about its
middle, yet two extensions or scollops may be formed near its middle; the former
of which resenibles somewhat the form of an hour glass.
By the process or combination of processes described, bracelet or scarf fronts
are much more economically produced than by the ordinary process of making
by hand.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings,
the manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in part vertical section, tools for cutting out the blank, from
which the front of a bracelet is to be made. Figure 2 represents a plan of the
lower tool. Figure 3 represents a pair of tools for cutting out side notches or
gaps, which when the edges of the blank are rolled over, form opposite holes on the
inner side of the beading, wherein ears on the snap fastener are secured. Figure 4
represents a pair of tools for troughing the blank, or turning it up into the shape
as represented in plan, side elevation and end view as shown at figure 5. Figure 6
is a transverse vertical section (on the dotted lines A B) of the tools figure 4, with
the troughed or turned up blank between them. Figure 7 represents a transverse
vertical section of the beading or rolling over tools, and figure 8 is a plan of the
lower die. Figure 9 is a transverse vertical section on the dotted lines C D
figure 7; this view shows how the edges of the curved blank constituting the
front of a bracelet are turned up into a hollow beading, as shown in plan, edge
view and cross section at figure 10. Figure 11 shows a vertical section of a tool
or an appliance for the turning up of the knuckle hinge part. Figure 12 shows
the same tool with the hinged part turned up. Figure 13 shows a pair of tools for
the initial bending or curving up of the front, after the edges have been beaded;
that is, the one end is first operated upon as in figure 13, and afterwards the other
end is operated upon as in figure 14, by the same or a like pair of tools. Figure 15
shows the middle and final shaping or bending tools with the bracelet front
between them. Figure 16 represents an edge view, and figure 17 a front view of
a bracelet made and shaped by the combination of processes and tools herein
described.
In carrying out my invention, I proceed as follows,
By means of dies or tools a b figure 1, I cut out from sheet brass or other
ductile metal or alloy, a blank c; this blank is next pierced with side gaps or
slots (wherein the catch fastener is secured) by means of a set of tools figure 3.
I then impart to the said blank a trough figure by means of a pair of tools figure 4,
and as best seen in the cross section, between the tools figure 6, and in plan, edge
view and end view figure 5. The sides of the said trough are marked c³, while
the forks at the end of the said blank which are to form the joint, are marked c*.

page_text: By a further shaping operation, this blank with turned up edges figure 5 is next
operated upon by a pair of tools figure 7, and the sides o³ turned into hollow
beadings or rolls c³ as best seen in the cross section, edge view and plan in
figure 10.
The turning up is effected by the inclined acting faces d of the upper die,
gradually gathering in and curling inwards the said sides c on the descent of the
upper tool, and so producing hollow beaded edges as described.
The inside or return curling being effected by the secondary inclines d'. This
partly formed front when in the straight, is then passed to the knuckle-joint
forming tool figure 11, and which said joint is produced, by placing the forked
ends or parts c into the curved shallow recess e, and then on downward pressure
being applied to the blank, the forked like end is .then curled up into the joint c
figures 12 and 16. This partly made front figure 10 is next operated upon at one
end by a pair of curving or bending tools figure 13; and after this has been done,
the other end is next turned round and operated upon exactly in the same manner
as the first, as represented in figure 14; that is, the two ends are curved upwards,
which constitute the initial shaping. The shoulders which miss the beadings in
the shaping are marked f³ (see figure 144) while the tool itself is marked f, and
the lower tool g with bed g².
The final shaping is performed by the primary shaping tools figure 15, consisting
of an upper tool h with curved underside h* of the exact figure of the inside of a
bracelet front to be produced, while i is a lower die with bed is of the exact outside
figure of the said bracelet front.
By now placing the partially fashioned bracelet front or blank, as shown at
figure 14, upon the bed of the die i, and then bringing the upper die h down
upon it, the curved bracelet front with beaded edges and a broadened out front is
thereby produced, as shown at figures 16 and 17.
The upper die h is provided with shoulders h³ on opposite sides of the edges of
the tool, for the purpose of shaping without distorting or compressing the said
beadings, as the cut away sides are of the shape of the cross section of the beaded
parts as represented at figure 15ª.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1
Improvements in the manufacture of bracelet or scarf ring fronts, either plain,
belchered or other figure in cross section, or in longitudinal shape, with beaded or
rolled edges, and curved, scolloped or broadened out middle front part or parts
equal on both sides, substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings; that is, making the said fronts from out of a single blank of ductile
sheet metal or alloys of metal, which is operated upon in succession by a series of
pairs, or by single shaping tools or dies, which cut out, pierce, turn up or trough,
bead or roll up the edges and form the joint, followed by the use of initial and
final end and middle bending, curving or shaping tools or dies, the process or
processes of manufacture being conducted, and carried out, and the dies or tools
constructed, and worked, substantially as described and set forth.
Dated this twentieth dov of October 1886
Dated this twentieth
b dey of October 1886
JOHN BAKER.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent for the Applicant.