Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Feeding Cakes for. Cattle and other Stock.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 19th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Feeding Cakes for.
Cattle and other Stock.
I, HERBERT EDWIN CHATTOCK of 143 Redcliff Street, Bristol, Merchant and
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Hitherto feeding cakes for live stock have been made (by the aid of hydraulic
pressure) of large dimensions, which necessitate the operation of what is known as
"kibbling," or breaking up, in order that the cake may be put into a form suitable.
for feeding stock.
The effect of this kibbling operation is to cause great waste of material, besides
requiring extra labor.
Now, in manufacturing my feeding cake I employ such materials as will give a
high feeding value contained in a compact form, and 1 manipulate them so as to
give a good proportion of oil, albumenoids, mucilage, and other carbonaceous
compounds.
In order to get the due proportion of oil and albumenoids, I use such materials
as cotton seed products, linseed, rice meal, niger cake, arachides cake, maize
meal, wheat germs, peas, beans, lentils and other leguminous matter. In order to
obtain the proper amount of mucilage and other carbonaceous compounds, I use
such materials as treacle, locust beans, flour, dried grains, malt dust.
These various materials are well mixed together in various proportions, and are
cooked in a kettle in the usual way.
The heated meal is then passed to a suitable feed mechanism, such as an endless
screw arrangement, and is fed between a pair of heavy rollers, by which it is pressed
into cakes.
These rollers work at equal speeds, and are formed with indentations or recesses
on their surfaces, of suitable size, say, one inch square, by means of which the meal
is formed in a number of small pieces of suitable size for feeding stock, lightly
joined together, and which can be readily separated by suitable mechanical
appliances, or by hand, for use without, making any waste, and without requiring
the operation of "kibbling," which, as before stated, entails both waste and extra
labour.
Dated this 10th day of April 1893
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Feeding Cakes for
Cattle and other Stock.
I, HERBERT EDWIN CHATTOCK of 143, Redcliff Street, Bristol, Merchant and
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Hitherto feeding cakes for live stock have been made (generally in hydraulic
presses) of such large dimensions that they have subsequently to be submitted to

page_text: an operation known as
kibbling," whereby they are broken up into small pieces,
in which form they will be suitable for feeding stock.
The object of the present invention is to obviate the kibbling operation, which
is laborious, and necessitates the employment of a machine, and at the same time
it is exceedingly wasteful, because much is lost in powder and crumbs, when the
cakes are being broken up.
According to my invention, the cakes are so made as not to require kibbling,
but are supplied to the consumer in a form convenient for usc..
The various materials from which the cakes are made having been well mixed
together in proper proportions, and cooked in a kettle in the usual way, the heated
mass is passed to a suitable feed mechanism, which delivers between a pair of heavy
pressing rollers. These rollers work at equal speeds, and are formed with
indentations or recesses on their surfaces of suitable size, say, one inch square, by
means of which the meal is pressed into a sheet composed of a number of small
pieces of suitable size for. feeding stock, lightly joined together, and which can be
readily separated. From the pressing rolls, the sheet of pressed meal passes to
rotating cutters, which divide the sheet longitudinally into strips, which are again
cut transversely in the lines marked by the pressing rolls.
In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated mechanism for carrying my
invention into effect.
Fig. 1 (Sheet I) is a side elevation of the machine used for making the feeding
cakes.
Fig. 2 (Sheet II) is a plan of the same machine.
Fig. 3 (Sheet III) is an end elevation of the roller mill used.
Figs. 4 and 5 (Sheet III) are respectively section and plan of portions of the
rollers, showing the indentations for forming the cakes.
Figs. 6 and 7 (Sheet III) show the pressed meal as it leaves the rollers, before
being separated into cakes.
A is the framing, fitted with bearings bb, which carry a pair of indented
rollers a a. The top bearings are adjustable by means of screw c. Pressure is
applied to the rollers by hand wheels d d and screws e e, an elastic arrangement f
being interposed between the screws e e and bearings b b.
The rollers a a are driven at equal circumferential speeds by spur wheels
one of which is driven from a shaft h, which itself is driven by the pulley k.
9 9,
B is a right and left upright worm working inside case C, and is driven, as shown,
by shaft and bevel gearing. is the opening leading from worm case C to between
rollers a a. D and D' are two endless bands working round two pairs of rollers m, m
and m', m'. E El are two series of disc cutters or rotating knives. The endless
bands D and D', also disc cutters E and E', may be driven in any convenient
manner. G is a small table or stationary plate between the two moving bands.
The process of manufacture is as follows:-
The meal from which I make the cake is first heated and prepared in a steam
jacketted kettle; it is then conveyed into the casing C, and is forced by the
worm B through the opening between the rollers a a. The rollers rotating under
considerable pressure, but prevented from touching one another by the screws cc,
compress the meal between them, forcing it into the indentations cut in the rollers,
and consolidating it into cakes lightly joined together, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7
(Sheet III). The sheet of cake, on leaving the rollers, passes onto the endless
band D in a continuous manner, and being carried under the series of discs or
knives E, is cut by them, while still moist, into strips. These strips pass on to
table G, where the attendant cuts them into portions the same length as the width
of the second band D', he then pushes these detached portions onto the said band,
working at right angles to the band D, and by it they are carried under the second
set of discs E', to be cut into separate cakes of the same dimensions as the
indentations carried by the surface of the pressing rolls, viz., about an inch
across.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The method of, preparing feeding cakes for cattle and stock, by rolling the
sheet of meal, and cutting it into small pieces, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the drawings.
2. The mechanism herein before described with reference to the accompanying
drawings, whereby feeding cakes for stock are prepared, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 19th day of January 1894.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.