IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY SHAVING APPARATUS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lorentz Albert Groth, K.G.V., Civil Engineer and
Proprietor of the Scandinavian Patent Office, under the Firm of L. A. Groth
and Co., 97, Finsbury Pavement, London, and 20, Forhaabningsholms Allee,
Copenhagen, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY SHAVING
APPARATUS." A communication from abroad by Alfred Clemens Theodor
Adam, of the City of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lorentz Albert Groth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th July 1881.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, K.G.V., Civil Engineer and Proprietor of the
Scandinavian Patent Office, under the Firm of L. A. Groth & Co., 97, Finsbury
Pavement, London, and 20, Forhaabningsholms, Allee, Copenhagen. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SAFETY SHAVING APPARATUS." A communication from abroad by
Alfred Clemens Theodor Adam, of the City of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of Saxony,
German Empire.
The Invention relates to improvements in shaving apparatus, in which the
shaving blade is connected to a guard or protector plate by screws or otherwise,
and consists,
Firstly. In forming the guard or protecting plate of a peculiar shape with a
rounded edge standing slightly removed from the edge of the shaving blade to
prevent cutting of the skin, and with a hollow part under the cutting edge of the
razor or shaving blade adapted to receive the soap and hair so as to prevent these
latter from entering between the shaving blade and the guard plate.
The guard plate is also slotted to allow of the soap and hair passing through the
saine.
Secondly. In the employment of a guide plate secured adjustably on the guard
plate for the purpose of guiding the binding screws of the shaving blade into their
proper positions in the adjusting slots so as to bring the cutting edge of the shaving
blade into the correct position with reference to the rounded edge of guard plate
according as the said shaving blade is ground away more or less by the sharpening
operations.

page_text: a
Thirdly. In a folding holder for the shaving blade consisting of a piece of sheet
metal bent on itself in a peculiar manner attachable by screws to the said shaving
blade and by a rivet (on which it may be turned) to a second piece forming
handle, such second piece being also bent at right angles at one end so as to form
a secure bearing against the end of the shaving blade to prevent the handle from
turning when in use.
Fourthly. In the employment of spring plates for holding the shaving blade
elastically to the guard plate.
Fifthly. In the employment of rotary discs or rollers which pass through the
aforesaid slits in the guard plate, or of a continuous roller used without the said
slits for the purpose of removing the soap and hair from the shaving blade.
Sixthly. In the employment of a plate screwed to the guard plate and carrying
lugs or projections for preventing the side or endlong motion of the shaving blade,
and also of a hinged folding piece with a spring for holding the said shaving blade
down onto the guard plate.
Seventhly. In the employment of a spring scraper or cleaner for cleaning the
roller or rollers mentioned above under the fifth head from the soap and hair
collected by it or by them, such scraper or cleaner being by preference hinged, so
that it may readily be turned back for the purpose of cleaning the same.
Eighthly. In mounting the shaving blade on a separate carriage or carrier
adapted to turn on hinges so that the said shaving blade can readily be drawn
back from the guard plate or roller for the purpose of cleaning.
Ninthly. In the employment of a brush for cleaning the roller or rollers mentioned
above under the fifth head, such brush being by preference adapted so as to be
easily applied to or removed from the underside of the hinged shaving blade carrier
mentioned above under the eighth head.
The above mentioned improvements may be combined two or more together in
various ways so as to form different arrangements of apparatus.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Lorentz Albert Groth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th January 1882.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTE, K.G.V., Civil Engineer and Proprietor of the
Scandinavian Patent Office, under the Firm of L. A. Groth & Co., 97, Finsbury
Pavement, London, E.C., and 20, Forhaabningsholms, Allee, Copenhagen.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY SHAVING APPARATUS." A communication from abroad
by Alfred Clemens Thedor Adam, of the City of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom
of Saxony, German Empire.
The Invention relates to improvements in shaving apparatus, in which the
shaving blade is connected to a guard or protector plate by screws or otherwise, and
consists,―
Firstly. In forming the guard or protecting plate of a peculiar shape, with a
rounded edge standing slightly removed from the edge of the shaving blade to
prevent cutting of the skin, and with a hollow part under the cutting edge of the
razor or shaving blade adapted to receive the soap and hair, so as to prevent these
latter from entering between the shaving blade and the guard plate. The guard
plate is also slotted to allow of the soap and hair passing through the same.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a side view of one arrangement of shaving apparatus
with this part of the Invention applied; and Figure 2 a view of the same from
below. m is the shaving blade; S, the guard plate to which the shaving blade is
secured by means of the milled head screws k.
The curved edge of the guard plate has for object the prevention of cutting the
skin, while the hollow bend at a receives the soap and hair, so as to prevent them
from entering between the shaving blade m and the guard plates 8; 8¹ are the slots
cut through the guard plate to allow the soap and hair to pass through. The guard
plate serves also as a handle in the usual way.
Secondly. In the employment of a guide or stop plate secured adjustably on the
guard plate for the purpose of guiding the binding screws of the shaving blade into
or for stopping them in their proper positions in the adjusting slots, so as to bring
the cutting edge of the shaving blade into the correct position with reference to the
rounded edge of the guard plate, according as the said shaving blade is ground
away more or less by the sharpening operations. This guide plate is shewn at c,
in Figures 1 and 2, where it will be seen that it may be adjusted further out or in
on the guard plate by means of the set screws passing through slots formed in the
said guide plate c, and thereby the binding screws are prevented from being
pushed too far into their slots in the guard plate, and consequently the shaving
blade from being adjusted too close to the curved edge of the said guard plate.
Thirdly. In a folding holder for the shaving blade when sharpening the same
(see Figures 3, 4, and 5), consisting of a piece of sheet metal d bent on itself in a
peculiar manner (see Figure 4), so as to form a plate with two guards d¹ and d²,
the whole being attachable by screws k to the said shaving blade m, and by a
rivet n (on which it may be turned) to a second piece e, forming a handle, such
second piece being also bent at right angles at one end, as at f, so as form a
secure bearing against the end of the shaving blade to prevent the handle from
turning when in use..
Fourthly. In the employment of spring plates for holding the shaving blade
elastically to the guard plate. In the arrangement shown in Figure 6 and 7 a
spring plate is screwed adjustably to the guard plate 8, the bent part n of such
spring plate taking into a groove formed in the shaving blade, so as to hold the
same fast when pushed endwise into the spring plate.

page_text: In the arrangement shown in Figures 8 and 9 the spring plate is so formed
that it grasps tightly the thicker edge of the wedge formed shaving blade, and may
be removed therewith.
In both these arrangements the shaving blade has a hole p formed in its end, and
tapped with a screw thread to receive the screwed end of the handle i (see Figure 10),
by which it may be withdrawn and sharpened.
Similar letters of reference in Figures 1 to 10 indicate similar parts in each of
those Figures.
Fifthly. In the employment of rotary discs or rollers, which pass, through the
aforesaid slits in the guard plate, or of a continuous roller used without the said
slits, for the purpose of removing the soap and hair from the shaving blade.
Figures 11 to 15 show arrangements of apparatus, in which this part of the
Invention is applied. Figure 11 is a view of such apparatus, as seen from above;
Figure 12, as seen from the front; Figures 13 and 14, as seen from the side; each
representing the apparatus in full size; Figure 15 is a side view to twice full size,
shewing the manner of fastening the shaving blade. The discs a' are connected
together by one axis, and turn in the slits of the guard plate b. As shewn, they
serve to take off the soap and beard hairs, and to remove them from the shaving
blade m.
In Figures 16 and 17 the roller a is shewn as a smooth wooden
cylinder covered with india rubber, being adapted to remove the soap from the
whole width of the shaving blade.
Sixthly. In the employment of a plate screwed to the guard plate, and carrying
lugs or projections for preventing the side or endlong motion of the shaving blade,
and also of a hinged folding piece with a spring for holding the said shaving blade
down on to the guard plate. These arrangements are shewn in Figures 11 to 19.
To the guard plate b is screwed the plate e by means of the screws d, d, adjustable
in their slots. The flaps or lugs f1, 2, of this plate are bent up in order to prevent
the movement of the shaving blade m sidewise. This shaving blade is held from
above down on to the guard plate b by the hinged folding piece or leaf g, which is
pressed thereon by the spring h. Figure 14 shows the hinged folding piece or leaf g
in the half opened position, the tail of the folding picce g and the spring / being so
adapted to each other that the latter shall cause the said folding piece to spring
either into the closed position, Figure 13, or into the wide open position, Figure 5,
according as the tail of the folding piece is moved in one direction or the other
over the bend of the spring h. When the shaving blade m is to be removed from
the apparatus a handle or haft is screwed into the hole in the blade, and by
turning the blade thereby into the position shown in Figure 14 the folding piece g
is raised and the blade can be removed.
Seventhly. In the employment of a spring scraper or cleaner for cleaning the
roller or rollers, mentioned above under the fifth head, from the soap and hair
collected by it or by them, such scraper or cleaner being by preference hinged, so
that it may readily be turned back for the purpose of cleaning the same. This
spring scraper or cleaner is shown at c in Figures 13, 16, and 19. In Figures 13 it
is shown fixed to the guard plate b; in. Figures 16 and 19 it is hinged thereto, and
is pressed against the roller a by the spring k, and when the said spring is turned
downwards, as shown in dotted lines in Figures 16, or aside, as similarly shown in
Figure 17, the said scraper can be withdrawn from the roller a into the position
shown in dotted lines in Figure 16 for the purpose of cleaning.
Eighthly. In mounting the shaving blade on a separate carriage or carrier adapted
to turn on hinges, so that the said shaving blade can readily be drawn back from
the guard plate or roller for the purpose of cleaning. This arrangement is shewn
in Figures 20, 21, and 22, where the shaving blade is shown mounted on a carriage
or carrier hinged to the frame which carries the roller or rollers a, so that the
said shaving blade can be turned back for cleaning into the position shown in
Figure 21, being held against the stops c by the spring latch p when closed up into
the position shown in Figure 20.
Ninthly. In the employment of a brush for cleaning the roller or rollers men-

page_text: tioned above under the fifth head, such brush being by preference adapted so as to
be easily applied to or removed from the under side of the hinged shaving blade
carrier mentioned above under the eighth head. This brush is shown at rin
Figures 20 and 21, and is by preference adapted so as to slide into a groove or
channel formed on the hinged shaving blade carrier n, so as to be easily removed
and replaced, and so that the point of the brush is brought into contact with the
roller a when the shaving blade is closed up into place, as in Figure 20, and removed
therefrom when the shaving blade is withdrawn, as in Figure 21.
The above described improvements may be combined two or more together in
various ways, so as to form different arrangements of apparatus.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to or may be carried into effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim is,-
First. The peculiarly bent guard plate, adjustable by screws and slots to and from
the cutting edge of the shaving blade, as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
the Drawings and for the purpose set forth.
Second. The plate c, adjustable on the guard plate 8, acting as a stop for the
binding screws of the shaving blade, as herein before described and illustrated in
Figure 2 of the Drawings.
-
Third. The folding holder for the shaving blade, consisting of the part d with
the protecting plates d, d, and the part e jointed to the said part d, as herein before
described and illustrated in Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings.
Fourth. The use of the spring plate or for holding the shaving blade
elastically on the guard plate, as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 6,
7, 8, and 9 of the Drawings.
Fifth. The employment of discs a¹ or a roller a for the purpose of removing the
soap and beard hair from the shaving blade, adapted to and combined with the
guard plate b, as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 11, 12, 13, 16,
17, 18, and 19 of the Drawings.
Sixth. The contrivance comprising the plate e secured to the guard plate b, and
provided with flaps or lugs f, f, for preventing end long motion of the shaving
blade, and the hinged folding piece g with the spring / for holding the said shaving
blade down on to the guard plate, as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 of the Drawings.
Seventh. The spring scraper or cleaner for cleaning the roller a or rollers a¹,
arranged, adapted, and applied as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 13, 16, and 17 of the Drawings.
Eighth. The shaving blade carriage or carrier n hinged to the frame of the
apparatus so that the said shaving blade can be drawn back from the guard plate
or roller, as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 20, 21, and 22 of the
Drawings.
Ninth. The brush for cleaning the roller a, arranged, adapted, and applied as
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 20 and 21 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lorentz Albert Groth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH. (L.S.)