IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SEPERATING MINERAL AND OTHER MATTERS FROM WATER USED IN THE FEEDING OF GENERATORS. OR FOR OTHER PURPOSKY” PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sam Hallam and George Lamb Scott, of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SEPERATING MINERAL AND OTHER MATTERS FROM WATER
USED IN THE FEEDING OF GENERATORS. OR FOR OTHER PURPOSKY”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sam Hallam and George
Lamb Scott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd
August 1880.
SAM HALLAM and GEORGE LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SEPERATING MINERAL
OR OTHER MATTERS FROM WATER USED IN THE FEEDING OF GENERATORS, OR
FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Our Invention relates particularly to the treatment of the feed water preparatory
to the admission of the same to steam generators, but is also applicable for use in
the treatment of water for other purposes. We admit the water into a settling
chamber, and as the water enters the said chamber we heat it to the extent which
will cause the mineral matters held in solution, or a portion of them, to be
precipitated, and we permit such precipitate to settle, and pass off the freed water
into the generator or into the economiser, or otherwise remove the water as the
case may be. In one form of the apparatus the said separator is in the form of a
vertical chamber, provided at its lower end with a pipe or opening for the discharge
of the precipitate or mud. The water is admitted through a passage surrounding a
steam pipe at the upper end, and into the stream of entering water high-pressure
steam is admitted. The heated water falls into a basin and flows over the edges of
the same, or is otherwise deflected towards the inner wall of the chamber. The
water passes out of the chamber through a pipe, having its mouth in about the
centre of the chamber, and by preference directed downwards. The currents of
water flow slowly downwards, and return slowly upwards with the precipitate
wholly or to a great extent eliminated. An inner shell may be used to separate the
descending and ascending currents, or a conical shell may extend from the mouth
of the outflow pipe. In some cases before entering the separator the water may
be caused to flow through a filtering chamber filled with coke or other suitable
filtering medium. The said chamber may be in the form of a vertical cylinder,
connected by its upper end with the separator, and provided at its lower end with
an inlet pipe and with a discharge valve for mud, the said valve when open causing
a reversal of the current through the filter so as to establish a cleansing action.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Sam Hallam and George Lamb Scott in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd February 1881.
SAM HALLAM and GEORGE LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MINERAL
OR OTHER MATTERS FROM WATER USED IN THE FEEDING OF GENERATORS, OR
FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Our Invention relates particularly to the treatment of feed water preparatory to
the admission of the same to steam generators, but is also applicable for use in the
treatment of water for other purposes. We admit the water into a settling
chamber, and as the water enters the said chamber we heat it to the extent which
will cause the mineral matters held in solution, or a portion of them, to be
precipitated, and we permit such precipitate to settle, and pass off the freed water
into the generator or into the economiser, or otherwise remove the water as the case
may be. In one form of the apparatus the said separator is in the form of a
vertical chamber, provided at its lower end with a pipe or opening for the discharge
of the precipitate or mud. The water is admitted through a passage surrounding a
steam pipe at the upper end, and into the stream of entering water high-pressure
steam is admitted. The heated water falls into a basin and flows over the edges of
the same, or is otherwise deflected towards the inner wall of the chamber. The
water passes out of the chamber through a pipe, having its mouth as near as may
be to the centre of the chamber, and by preference directed downwards. The
currents of water flow slowly downwards, and return slowly upwards with the
precipitate wholly or to a great extent eliminated. In some ses the water may be
caused to flow through a filtering chamber filled with coke or other suitable filtering
medium.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, we have attached
hereunto a Sheet of Drawings made to a scale of about one inch to the foot, and
marked with letters of reference, the said Drawings illustrating the form of
apparatus we prefer to employ. In the Drawings Fig. 1 represents a vertical section
of our improved apparatus, and Fig. 2, a horizontal section on the line A, B, in
Fig. 1. In the said Figs. a is a cylindrical metal shell, which is provided with
hemispherical ends a', which are united to the said shell by means of flanches b, b.
The joints at b may be secured by means of bolts, so that one or both of the ends of
the chamber may be removed when it is necessary to cleanse or repair the chamber.
The form and construction of the said chamber may be greatly varied. In the
upper part of the chamber is mounted a basin c, which rests upon brackets d, which
are fixed to the shell a. The said basin is a little less in diameter than the interior
of the chamber, so that a small space is left around the margin of the basin, which
is turned down to form a lip. To a block, which is secured to the upper end of the
chamber, is fitted a pipe e, which extends downwards into the chamber, and
upon the said block is mounted a stand pipe f, which is formed with a branch g.
Upon the upper part of the said stand pipe is fixed a two way steam cock h
which is connected on one side with a pipe i, which extends into the inlet end of
the pipe e, and on the other side with a pipe k, which conveys steam from the
generator. A branch l, at right angles to the pipes and , is connected with a
suitable waste steam pipe. The branch g is connected with a pipe which conveys
the feed water on its way to the generator. To the shell of the chamber is secured
a stop valve m, which is connected with a pipe which conveys the feed water to
the generator. A pipe n inside the chamber connects the said stop valve with a
vessel o, which is filled with coke or any suitable filtering medium. This filter is
centrally situated with reference to the wall of the chamber, so that there is an

page_text: annular space surrounding the filter. The filter is provided with a cover or hood p,
which is formed with a downward projecting shell which surrounds the upper part
of the filter and leaves an annular passage for the upward flow of water. This said
downward projecting shell may be further extended towards or beyond the bottom
of the filter, and in case it be extended beyond the bottom of the filter, it may be
contracted at its lower end so as to form a mouth, which will be further removed
from the wall of the chamber than in the case of the example selected for illustra-
tion. The filter may be outside the generator, or be dispensed with if not
considered to be necessary in any case. The lower end of the chamber is connected
with a blow off pipe r, which is provided with a suitable mud cock or valve, which
can be opened for the discharge of sediment. When the apparatus is at work the
valves h and m are open, so that there are free communications between the steam
and water spaces in the chamber and generator, the said chamber being so fixed as that
under the said conditions the water shall stand at a suitable level in the chamber.
When the feed water is turned on, it flows through the pipe e into the basin c, and by
causing a condensation of steam induces a flow of steam from the pipe i, and the steam
issuing therefrom mingling with the entering water immediately heats to the
boiling point under the working boiler pressure or thereabouts. The said basin
should be set quite level, so that the water will overflow the margin of the basin
all around, and will thereby be caused to fall in an annular film or sheet into the
chamber, as indicated by the arrows. The water so falling sets up an annular
descending current towards the bottom of the chamber, and at the same time an
inner upward current is moving towards the filter, as indicated by the arrows.
water is thus caused to descend and to ascend, and as any dirt or mineral matters
which may be held in suspension or solution tend to move downwards more rapidly
than the water, they in a great measure do not ascend with the slowly moving
upward current of water, but become separated as the current is turning preparatory
to the ascension of the water, and, continuing their downward course, collect at the
bottom, whence they may be discharged at intervals through the pipe 7. The water
passing through the filter is conveyed to the generator through the valve and pipe m.
The filter may be cleansed at intervals by reversing the current. This may be
effected by turning the valve h so as to shut off the communication with the
generator, and to discharge steam from the chamber through the pipe, when the
pressure within the generator being in excess of the pressure within the chamber
the current through the filter is reversed. An ordinary stop valve may be
substituted for the two way cock h, in which case the current through the filter
may be reversed by closing the said valve and admitting cold feed water. A blow
through cock 8 is connected with the pipe n, and may be opened at intervals to
cause a rapid rush of water through the filter to cleanse the same, but the said
valve may be dispensed with if not considered to be necessary. In cases wherein
we do not employ a filter within the chamber, we fix the pipen a little higher, and
form or provide it with a mouth opening downwards, as indicated by the dotted
lines. In cases where the feed water is very foul, an auxilliary filter of suitable
construction may be employed to partly cleanse the water before admitting it to
the chamber.
The
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of our said Invention, and
the manner in which we propose to carry the same into practical effect, we would
have it to be understood in conclusion that we claim,―
First. The apparatus substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated
herein before and in and by the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The chamber connected with the steam and water spaces of the steam
generator or generators, and arranged for the feed water to be so admitted as to
mingle with the entering steam, and to fall down close to the wall or walls of the
chamber and the centrally situated outlet mouth, into which the heated water enters
in an upward direction, and which is connected with the generator or generators,
substantially as set forth and indicated.

page_text: And, Lastly. The upright cylindrical chamber; the pipe leading to the steam
space of the generator, the feed water and steam inlet c and i; the basin c; the
pipe n, formed and provided as shewn or as indicated by the dotted lines; the
pipe m leading to the water space of the generator; and the discharge pipe r,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Sam Hallam and George Lamb Scott, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
in presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
41, John Dalton St., Manchester,
(Agent for the Patentees).
(L.S.)
SAM HALLAM.
GEORGE L. SCOTT. (L.S.)