IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, APPLICABLE ALSO TO PAPER MAKING, PRINTING, AND OTHER MACHINES.
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Georges Antoine Marie Malleval, of Tarare, in the Depart-
ment of the Rhône, and Republic of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, APPLICABLE ALSO TO PAPER MAKING,
PRINTING, AND OTHER MACHINES.
Sealed the 19th July 1878, and dated the 27th May 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Georges Antoine Marie
Malleval at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1878.
GEORGES ANTOINE MARIE MALLEVAL, of Tarare, in the Department of the
Rhône, and Republic of France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO PAPER MAKING, PRINTING, AND OTHER MACHINES.”
In the regulators ordinarily used in the manufacture of woven fabrics the
divisions of the ratchet wheel, which indicate the number of picks or shoots, are
transmitted to the cloth beam or roller by the aid of a first pinion to which this
ratchet wheel is fixed; this pinion gears with a wheel carrying a second pinion,
acting upon the wheel of the cloth roller, and causing it to turn to a proportionate
extent.
As the roller gets thicker by taking up the cloth it is necessary to change the
ratchet wheel, progressively increasing the number of its divisions in order to
preserve the regularity of the pick, which nevertheless is unsatisfactory, in addition
to the loss of time resulting from these changes.
In the regulator, with compensating arrangement of my Invention, the divisions
of the ratchet wheel are transmitted by means of a milled wheel acting on a disc,
to which is fixed the first pinion aforesaid, and makes it turn in one direction or
the other. This disc is of metal or of wood, it is covered on the side where the
milled wheel acts upon it, with a sheet of india-rubber, or with gutta percha, leather,
wood, cardboard, paper prepared for this purpose, or any other substance which
will answer the same purpose.
The periphery of this milled wheel is cut or prepared like a rough file, which
gives it a hold or bite upon the covering of the disc without deteriorating it too

page_text: much; the milled wheel acts upon the disc at the height of its centre, being pressed
against it by a spring and communicates, all its movements to it; it should be
placed at a distance from the centre of the disc equal to the radius of the cloth
roller, and so compensate the increase of this radius; consequent upon the taking-up
or winding of the manufactured cloth on the beam or roller, the milled wheel
recedes therefrom successively to an equal extent as this increase goes on by
suitable means. For this purpose the milled wheel, which may slide upon its axle,
is kept in position by a guide and follows all its movements.
This guide is secured by a screw thread upon another axle receiving its motion
from the apparatus itself, and this axle at each turn of the roller or cloth beam
moves back the guide, and consequently the milled wheel, a distance equal to the
thickness of the fabric. Each turn of the milled wheel moves the cloth to the
extent of a quarter of an inch, so that this regulator requires but a single ratchet
wheel with a number of teeth equal to the number of shoots or picks required; it
is not changed during the work whatever may be the length of the fabric to be
made; this being only limited by the diameter of the disc, which the cloth beam
or roller cannot exceed, and the pick is always uniform.
Finally, the click and springwork or train of wheels permits moving backward
and forward at each stroke or passage of the shuttle, and a special meter or counter
gives at every moment the length of fabric made.
This Invention therefore consists in principle in the covered disc, the milled
wheel which acts upon it, and recedes from the centre as the cloth roller increases
in diameter, the spring which keeps the milled wheel pressing against the disc,
the guide which causes the milled wheel to advance or retire, and in the means
and parts by which these movements are obtained.
This regulator may be applied to all kinds of looms for weaving, whether power
looms or hand looms, it assists good manufacture by giving a uniform pick, with a
single ratchet wheel, and whatever may be the diameter of the cloth beam in the
entire length of the fabric to be made. It does away with the sanded roller of
power looms, and consequently with the various defects or inconveniences attending
its use.
It applies equally to the take-off or unwinding of the warp of fabrics, as
well as to the uniform winding and unwinding of fabrics, threads, warps, paper, and
other materials during and after manufacture.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing shows a regulator embodying my
Invention.
Figure 1 being a vertical side view, and Figure 2 a vertical front view thereof.
A, cloth beam or roller upon which the fabric or material is wound or unwound.
B, cast-iron plate or framing supporting the entire apparatus, as also the axle
of the cloth beam when required.
C, wheel with 80 teeth keyed on the axle of the cloth beam.
D, wheel with 75 teeth, it carries the pinion E, having 10 teeth, which gears
with the wheel C.
F, pinion with 15 teeth, which gears with the wheel D fixed to the centre of
the disc G; this disc is of metal or of wood; it is covered on one side with a
sheet of india-rubber or of gutta percha, with leather, cardboard, paper suitably
prepared, or in short any material which will answer the same purpose.
milled wheel H presses against this side.
The
The pinion F may in certain cases, when it is desired to increase the speed of the
regulator, communicate directly with the cloth beam, either by an intermediate
wheel carrying no pinion, or directly with the wheel C; it is then mostly desirable
to increase the number of its teeth and key it, as well as the disc, upon an axle
turning in the frame suitably modified for this purpose.
The pinion F may also be replaced by an endless screw or worm wheel driving
the wheel C, and having a pitch of 1/4 inch. In this case the disc would take a
position perpendicular to the wheel C, and would become parallel with the cloth
beam A.
H milled wheel of 3,185 inches in diameter carried on the axle I, with

page_text: Each revolution of the milled wheel, acting on the disc at a distance from its
centre equal to the radius of the cloth beam will cause this latter to turn to the
extent of one-quarter of an inch.
The diameter of the milled wheel is equal to
wheel Cx wheel D x */ inch
pinion Expinion F × 8·14.
Each rotation of the milled wheel will cause the cloth beam to move round
of an inch if this 1/4 inch has been taken for basis, or, in other words, a
quantity equal to the factor, by which it is desired to replace the quarter of an
inch.
I, axle turning in a frame K; it carries the milled wheel H, and at one of its
ends are fixed two ratchet wheels M, M³, placed reversely to each other, and
separated by a cross piece a. The ratchet wheels are moved by the click or pawl
and spring work, and communicate to the regulator an intermittent movement
required in the manufacture of woven fabrics.
When it is desired to obtain a continuous motion a crank or a toothed wheel
driven by another is substituted for the ratchet wheels, or they may be replaced
by a pulley receiving a driving band. Neither the axle I or the frame K which
supports it move horizontally, and therefore divisions may be traced on this axle
to indicate the distance from the milled wheel to the centre of the disc, which
permits its easy regulation.
K, frame carried by the axle L, upon which it may make a slight circular
movement, but without any horizontal displacement. It carries the axle I, by
which it causes the milled wheel to bear against the disc by means of a spring R
pressing on one of its sides.
L, axle turning freely in the two arms b, b¹, of the frame where it is held, and
in the frame K. In turning it gives a horizontal movement to the guide P in gear
with it by a screw thread of 1/250 9/259 8/25, or 1/2 of an inch.
The guide P has a fork, which takes into a groove in the boss of the milled
wheel H, in which it slides with gentle friction. Each rovolution of the axle L
causes the guide P to advance or retire to the extent of 1/2/3/26 or 1/2 of an
inch,' according to the pitch of screw adopted, and the milled wheel follows, sliding
along its axle.
25
The axle L further carries a pinion O, having a number of teeth equal to the
screw thread divided by the thickness of the fabric of the warp, or of the paper to
be rolled or unrolled. This pinion must turn one tooth for each turn of the
roller A. For this purpose its teeth gear with the thread of a worm or endless
screw c fixed at the end of a small axle d turning in a support e and in a frame,
and which also makes a revolution while the roller A makes one, so that each turn
of this axle causes the axle L to turn to an extent equal to the thickness of the
fabric, thereby compelling the guide P, and consequently the milled wheel, to recede
or advance to the same extent.
The axle & carries a pinion f having 32 teeth, which gears with a pinion having
10 teeth g, itself fixed upon a pinion with 30 teeth h gearing with the wheel D,
from which it receives motion.
The axle d may also be driven either by the roller A itself or by the pinion F,
by means of wheels and pinions, which in every case cause it to make an entire
revolution for each turn of the roller A.
R, spring pressing on one side of the frame K; the pressure which it exercises
should be sufficient to enable the milled wheel to actuate the disc G, notwith-
standing the tension of the warp of the fabric. This pressure is regulated by

page_text: means of two nuts, which keep the spring on the pin or stud Q. This spring is
not shown in Figure 1 to avoid confusion.
S, S¹, friction rollers, each turning in a bracket or support, and upon which
bears the disc G.
T, disengaging or disconnecting piece or lever; it is pinned loosely on the plate
or frame B, and rests by one end on the axle of the wheel D behind this wheel,
the pinion E of which it keeps in gear with the wheel C. When it is desired to
throw out of gear the end i of this lever, T is pressed down, and the other end
being thereby raised permits the wheel D to be pushed back, which frees the
roller A.
U, restraining click or pawl.
V, lever carried by the frame K; it carries the click or pawl m, which causes
the regulator to travel forward by the ratchet wheel M. A regulating piece k set
upon it carries the second click or pawl n acting on the wheel M¹, the teeth of
which are in the opposite direction to the first, and causing the regulator to return
back at each stroke until a tooth of the wheel M strikes against the restraining
catch or pawl U.
Each time that the pawl m pushes the wheel M the end of the pawl n recedes
from the wheel M' and abandons it; it is thon held by a nut screw 7, which forms
part of the piece k, against which it strikes. Without this screw it would prevent
the forward movement of the regulator.
P, p, p, springs of the catches or pawls U, m, n.
r, r, adjusting screws serving to limit the movement of the lever V, and
against which it comes at each stroke.
When it is not necessary to make the regulator come back only a single ratchet
wheel is required, and the lever V may then be placed on the axle I by the side of
the ratchet.
8, pinion with 10 or 20 teeth gearing with a thin scroll or spirally grooved piece
or cheek t placed on the side of the pinion O; it turns one tooth at each revolution
of this pinion O, of which it consequently counts the revolutions.
When the pinion O has made a turn the roller A will have turned as many times
as this pinion has teeth. By multiplying this number of teeth by the number of
revolutions of the pinion, indicated by the pinion 8, and then multiplying by the
mean circumference of the fabric on the roller, the length of the fabric made will
be ascertained.
The pinion & might receive motion by the turning of an endless screw placed on
the axle I, because this carries the pinion O.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Georges Antoine Marie Malleval in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th November 1878.
GEORGES ANTOINE MARIE MALLEVAL, of Tarare, in the Department of the
Rhône, and Republic of France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO PAPER MAKING, PRINTING, AND OTHER MACHINES."
This Invention relates to the regulators employed to roll or wind up the cloth or
fabric as it is made, or for unrolling the warp, as well as for the tension of this
latter.
In the regulators ordinarily used in the manufacture of woven fabrics, the
divisions of the ratchet wheel which indicate the number of picks or shoots are
transmitted to the cloth beam or roller by the aid of a first pinion to which this
ratchet wheel is fixed; this pinion gears with a wheel carrying a second pinion
acting upon the wheel of the cloth roller and causing it to turn to a proportionate
extent; or again the divisions of the ratchet wheel are transmitted by an endless
screw which itself drives the wheel of cloth roller.
As the roller gets thicker by taking up the cloth, it is necessary to change the
ratchet wheel, progressively increasing the number of its divisions in order to pre-
serve the regularity of the pick, which, nevertheless, is unsatisfactory, in addition
to the loss of time resulting from these changes.
In the regulator with compensating arrangement of my Invention, the divisions
of the ratchet wheel are transmitted by means of a milled wheel acting on a disc,
to which is fixed the first pinion or the endless screw, above-mentioned. This disc
is of metal or of wood; it is covered on the side towards the milled wheel with a
sheet of india-rubber, gutta percha, leather, wood, cardboard, paper prepared for
this purpose, or a sheet of metal, such as copper, or zinc, or with any other substance
which will answer the same purpose.
The milled wheel acts upon the disc at the height of its centro, and communicates
all its movements to it; it acts upon the disc at a distance from its centre equal to
the radius of the cloth roller, and to compensate the increase of this radius, conse-
quent upon the taking up or winding of the manufactured cloth on the beam or
roller, the milled wheel recedes therefrom by suitable means, successively, to an
equal extent, as this increase goes on.
This regulator may travel backward or forward; to obtain this double motion,
two racbet wheels are required, placed inversely to each other, having an equal
number of teeth, and which are actuated by the click and pawl, or spring work;
they are not changed during the work, whatever may be the length of the fabric to
be made, which is limited only by the dimensions of the disc employed.
This regulator accomplishes the unrolling of the warp, by having its motion
reversed, and two may be used together, the one to roll or wind up the cloth or
fabric, the other for unrolling the warp. To ensure the unwinding, and at the
same time a uniform tension of the warp, I add to the one or to the other, or even
to both at once, a tension apparatus, which governs the regulator to which it is
fitted. This apparatus is absolutely necessary when two regulators are employed.
This regulator, provided with the tension apparatus, is applicable to all kinds of
looms for weaving. In power looms, it does away with the use of the sanded or
emery roller, and consequently with the defects or inconveniences attending its
use; it ensures a regular pick in the entire length of the fabric to be made, without
change of ratchet wheel, and gives to the warp a uniform tension, from whence
results greater perfection in the weaving, and saving of stoppages and loss of time
to the workmen.
If I substitute, in lieu of the ratchet wheels, a crank or a toothed wheel receiving

page_text: .
its motion from another toothed wheel, to which may also be fitted a crank or a
driving pulley, the apparatus may be used to wind or unwind continuously, and at
a same speed, yarn, warps of fabrics, woven fabrics, paper, or other material; it may
then be applied to warping frames, dressing machines, machines for manufacturing
continuous paper, or paper in endless roll, machines for printing cloth or paper,
machines for finishing woven fabrics, and other machines.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing shews a regulator embodying my Invention,
Figure 1 being a vertical side view, and Figure 2 à vertical front view thereof,
together with the mechanical parts which ensure the unrolling or unwinding of the
warp as well as its tension.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in each of the Figures respec-
tively.
A, cloth beam or roller upon which the woven fabric or material is wound or
unwound; or again, warp beam, when the regulator is used for unwinding the
warp.
B, cast-iron plate or framing supporting the entire apparatus as well as one
spindle of the cloth beam, one spindle of the back roller, and a spindle of the
apparatus for regulating the tension of the warp.
C, wheel with 80 teeth, keyed on the axle of the cloth beam A.
D, wheel with 75 teeth; it carries pinion E, having 10 teeth, which gears with
the wheel C.
F, pinion with 15 teeth which gears with the wheel D fixed to the centre of the
disc G. This disc is of metal or of wood; it is covered on one side with a sheet of
india-rubber or of gutta percha, with leather, cardboard, paper suitably prepared, or
with a sheet of metal, such as copper, or zinc, or in short any metal or material
which will answer the same purpose. The milled wheel H presses against the side.
The pinion F may, in certain cases, when it is desired to increase the speed of the
regulator, communicate directly with the cloth beam, either by an intermediate
wheel without pinion, or by gearing with the wheel C; it is then mostly desirable to
increase the number of its teeth and to key it, as well as the disc, upon an axle
turning in the frame suitably modified for this purpose.
The pinion F may also be replaced by an endless screw or worm wheel driving
the wheel of the winding or unwinding roller. The endless screw is particularly
applicable for unwinding the warp, and when it is to be heavily weighted, for then
the warp is securely held. This screw 1, which is shewn in dotted lines in
Figure 1, then actuates directly a wheel 2 with 40 teeth, keyed on the axle of the
warp beam 3.
In this case, the disc takes a position perpendicular to the wheel 2
and becomes parallel with the beam 3. The screw should be keyed on the axle
as well as the disc; it then turns in the frame and in the bearing or support 4, also
shewn in dotted lines at Figure 1.
H, milled wheel, the diameter of which is equal to 10 inches divided by 3.14,
according to the following formula:-
The diameter of the wheel is equal to,-
Wheel C x wheel D x '/. inch
Pinion Fx pinion E × 3·14 (relation of the circumference to the diameter).
It is carried on the axle I, with which it rotates by means of a fixed feather keyed
upon it, but upon which it may move horizontally accordingly as it is actuated by
a guide P, herein-after mentioned. Its slightly rounded periphery is cut like a file
of average roughness to give it a hold or bite on the covering of the disc, which it
causes to turn in one or other direction, according to the movement which has been
given to it.
The milled wheel may also be provided with small pins regularly arranged, or
roughnesses, which will in every case ensure it a suitable adherence to or friction
with the disc; it should be cut with very fine and sharp teeth, the teeth not being

page_text: C
Each revolution of the milled wheel acting on the disc at a distance from its
centre equal to the radius of the cloth beam will cause this latter to turn to the
extent of one-quarter of an inch.
I, axle turning in a frame K; it carries the milled wheel H, and at one of its
ends are fixed two ratchet wheels M, M', placed reversely to each other and
separated by a cross piece a. The ratchet wheels are moved by the click or pawl
and spring work, and communicate to the regulator an intermittent movement
required in the manufacture of woven fabrics.
When it is desired to obtain a continuous motion I may substitute for these
ratchet wheels a crank or a toothed wheel driven by another wheel, which may be
carried on the arm of the frame, to which wheel I may further adapt either a
crank or a pulley which may receive a driving band. Neither the axle I or the
frame K which supports it move horizontally, and therefore divisions may be traced
on this axle to indicate the distance from the milled wheel to the centre of the disc
which permits its easy regulation.
K, frame carried by the axle L, upon which it may make a slight circular
movement, but without any horizontal displacement. It carries the axle I by
which it causes the milled wheel to bear against the disc by means of a spring R
which presses on a stop i which forms part of the frame.
L, axle turning freely in the two arms b, b¹, of the framing where it is held, and
in the frame K. In turning it gives a horizontal movement to the guide P in gear
with it by a screw thread of 1/25, 3/25, 3/25, or 1/2 of an inch (1, 2, 3, or 4 milli-
metres).
25
The guide P has a fork which takes into a groove in the boss of the milled
wheel H, in which it slides with gentle friction, and thus joins in its movements.
Each revolution of the axle L causes the guide P to advance or retire to the
extent of 1/25/25 3/2, or 4/25 of an inch, according to the pitch of screw adopted,
and the milled wheel follows sliding along its axle.
The axle L further carries a pinion O having a number of teeth equal to the
screw thread divided by the thickness of the woven fabric or of the warp to be
rolled or unrolled; this pinion must turn one tooth for each turn of the roller A;
for this purpose its teeth gear with a scroll plate forming a worm or endless screw c
fixed on the side or cheek of a wheel with 50 teeth d turning on an axle e, and
which makes a revolution while the roller A makes one, so that each turn of this
wheel compels the guide and consequently the milled wheel to recede or to advance
to an extent equal to the thickness of the woven fabric. The wheel d with 50
teeth receives its motion from a pinion with 10 teeth carried by a wheel with 40
teeth f, and this in its turn driven by a wheel with 10 teeth carried by a third
wheel with 30 teeth g which gears with the wheel F.
The wheel d may also be driven by the wheel C or by the wheel D by means of
wheels and pinions, or by any other suitable arrangement, which will in every case
cause it to make an entire revolution for each turn of the roller A,
R, spring pressing on stop which forms part of the frame K; the pressure
which it exercises should be sufficient to enable the milled wheel to actuate the
disc G, notwithstanding the tension of the warp of the woven fabric; this pressure
is regulated by means of two nuts which keep the spring on the pin or stud Q.
S, S', friction rollers, each turning in a bracket or support, and upon which
bears the disc Ct.
T, disengaging or disconnecting piece or lever; it is pinned loosely on the plate
or frame B, and rests by one end on the axle of the wheel D behind this wheel, the
pinion of which it keeps in gear with the wheel C; when it is desired to throw out
of gear the end k is pressed down and the other end being thereby raised permits
the wheel D to be pushed back, which frees the roller A.
U, restraining click or pawl.
V, lever carried on an arm v of the framing, or, if required, by the frame K; it
-1 m which MUN the later to travel forward by the

page_text: ratchet wheel M; a regulating piece k set upon it carries the second click or pawl n.
which, acting on the wheel M', the teeth of which are in the opposite direction to
the first, causes the regulator to return back at each stroke until a tooth of the
wheel M strikes against the restraining catch or pawl U. Each time that the
pawl m pushes the wheel M the end of the pawl n' recedes from the wheel M¹ and
abandons it; it is then held only by a small nut screw o, which forms part of the
piece p against which it strikes; without this screw it would prevent the forward
movement of the regulator.
,,, springs of the catches or pawls U, m, n.
8, 81, adjusting screws serving to limit the movement of the lever V, and against
which it comes at each stroke.
t, pinion with 50 teeth driven by a thread of the endless screw u, cut in scroll
or spirally on the plate or cheek of the wheel d; it turns to the extent of one
tooth for each revolution of the wheel, of which it counts the revolutions, and
consequently those of the roller A. By multiplying the number of revolutions
which it indicates by the mean circumference of the woven fabric on the roller the
length of fabric made will be ascertained.
5, back roller or thread carrier turning on one side in a bearing 6 in the framing
of the regulator, and on the other side in the frame of the loom. The bearing of
the axle or spindle of this roller is placed at 7 when the regulator has an endless
screw or worm.
8, axle turning also in the framing of the regulator and that of the loom; it
carries two arms q, q', which uphold a bearing 10, moveable around the points
which connect it with the arms q, q'; the two spindles of a roller 11 are set in this
bearing.
The warp of the fabric to be unrolled issuing from beneath the roller A, line z¹,
Figure 2, passes under the roller 11, then on the back roller 5, to go from thence
into the healds.
The roller 11 should be a little longer than the breadth of the woven fabric to be
manufactured.
The two arms q, q', are united at their end by a cross piece 12, in the middle of
which is suspended a weight 13, proportioned to the degree of tension to be given
to the warp; so that the warp passing under the roller 11, which acts as a pulley,
holds in suspension this roller and the weight 13 by the intermediary of the bearing
10 connected with the arms q, q².
The weight may also be suspended from the bearing 10.
14, lever jointed or hinged to the framing of the regulator, carrying a small
connecting rod 15, which connects it with the axle 8, by means of an arm 16,
which is set on this axle by means of an adjusting screw 17, which makes the lever
14 join in its movement, so that if the axle turns slightly in the one direction or the
other the end 18. of the lever rises or lowers proportionately. This end is connected
by a band 19 to the lever V of the click and spring work, of which it lengthens or
shortens the journey accordingly as the axle 8 turns in one or other direction; each
time that the end 18 lowers the journey or stroke of the lever of the click work is
lessened, and each time that it lifts the contrary effect is produced.
When it is desired to unroll or unwind the warp the small connecting rod 15
comes on the side 18 of the lever; but when it is desired to unroll the cloth or
woven fabric this connecting rod is placed at the end 14 of the lever end of the
arm 16.
If required, the axle 8 may be dispensed with; in this case the weight 13 is
suspended to the bearing 10, which is connected with the lever 14, either on the
Bide 18, for unwinding, or on that 14 for winding or rolling on in order that this
lever may work.
z, 2, 2, line followed by the woven fabric during the unrolling with the tension
apparatus; z, z, z', line of the warp which is unwound with the same apparatus.

page_text: WORKING OF THE REGULATOR
This regulator may be used to unwind or unroll the woven fabric proportionately
to its manufacture, and at the same time to unwind the warp. The tension or
stretching apparatus may work either with the rolling-up or winding-on regulator,
or with the unwinding regulator, this latter being the usual way, or together with
the two regulators.
To roll up the woven fabric without the tension apparatus the milled wheel is
placed at a distance from the centre of the disc equal to the radius of the cloth
roller or beam; sufficient force is given to the pressure of the spring on the frame
to enable the milled wheel to easily actuate the disc notwithstanding the resistance
of the warp; upon the axle of the milled wheel are then placed two similar ratchet
wheels having a number of teeth equal to the number of shoots or picks required
in / inch, and the movement of the spring and clickwork is regulated; lastly,
there is placed on the axle of the guide a pinion suitable to the pitch of screw
thread adopted, divided by the thickness of the woven fabric as herein-before
explained.
Each turn of the milled wheel will cause the woven fabric to advance to the
extent of a quarter of an inch; at each turn of the cloth roller or beam the com-
pensating axle will cause the milled wheel to recede from the centre of the disc to
an extent equal to the thickness of the cloth, and the ratchet wheel will always
give the same number of shoots or picks in the entire length of the woven fabric,
which length will be limited only by the diameter of the disc.
At the same time the counting or checking pinion will indicate the number of
turns of the woven fabric upon the roller or beam.
For unrolling or unwinding the warp the regulator with endless screw or worm
is preferable, but either arrangement may be used; it is only necessary to bend the
warp, so that it unwinds by the action of the regulator; the milled wheel will be
placed at a distance from the centre of the disc equal to the radius of the enrolled
or wound warp, and the pinion of the axle of the guide must have a number of
teeth equal to the number of turns of the warp required to produce upon the beam
a thickness equal to the screw thread of this axle, which will be made to turn
reversely by changing the direction of the thread of the endless screw C which
drives it; in order that the milled wheel may approach the centre of the disc, in
winding or rolling up the woven fabric it must recede therefrom, but in the
unwinding it must advance towards it. If the regulator were made to travel in the
opposite direction it would not be necessary to change the direction of the thread
of the endless screw C.
On the axle of the milled wheel are placed two similar ratchet wheels, having
fewer teeth than the ratchet wheels used for the winding or rolling up regulator
(for the regulator with endless screw or worm a single ratchet wheel suffices); the
warp threads coming off the beam will be passed under the roller 11, then on the
back beam ŏ, which, in power looms, may be replaced by the ordinary back beam
or thread carrier; there will then be placed, either on the cross piece 12 or on the
bearing 10, the proper weight for the tension or stretching of the warp, care being
taken that the arms q, q, of the axle 8 are upheld a little above the horizontal;
finally, the strap or band 19 of the lever 14 will be attached to the lever V of the
click and spring work, when this lever is in repose, that is to say, when it comes
against the upper regulating screw 8.
The lever will be set in motion at each stroke or ply of the shuttle by the most
appropriate means, according to the kind of loom used. At each stroke or ply the
warp will unwind a little more than is necessary for making the cloth or fabric,
and each time the roller 11 actuated by the weight 13 will slightly lower, the
axle 8 will also be actuated, and in turning will cause the end 18 of the lever 14
to lower.
As this end lowers, the band, which attaches it to the lever V, will pro-

page_text: portionately lessen the journey of this lever, so that at a given moment the lever
will cease to act upon the. ratchet wheel, because it will be unable to rise again
high enough to permit the click or pawl to take into a fresh tooth of the ratchet
wheel, and the warp will no longer unwind; during this time the roller 11 will be
raised by the action of the regulator which rolls up the woven fabric; the end 18
of the lever 14 will also rise again; the strap 19 will permit the lever V to resume
its action on the ratchet wheel, and thus again cause the unwinding of the warp,
and so on alternately.
The strap or band 19 is always attached on the side on which is placed the ad-
justing screw o of the ratchet wheel; in the contrary case the movement would be
obtained either by the aid of a return pulley or of a small lever replacing the
pulley, placed above the click and spring work; one end of this lever would be
attached to the strap or band and the other to the lever of the click and
spring work.
When the tension or stretching apparatus works with the rolling or winding-up
regulator there is placed at the warp beam a regulator with worm or endless screw
to restrain the beam, and the warp threads are passed on to the back roller as in
an ordinary loom; the ratchet wheel placed on this regulator should at each stroke
feed the fabric with the quantity of warp necessary to obtain the required reduc-
tion; the winding-on or rolling-up regulator is provided with two ratchet wheels
having a number of teeth less than that used for the unwinding or unrolling
regulator; the small connecting rod 15 will be fixed at the end 14 of the lever, as
herein-before explained; the regulator will roll up the woven fabric faster than the
warp will unwind, but then the roller 11 will rise again, and the axle 8 carried with
it will cause the end 18 of the lever 14 to lower, which will limit the journey of
the lever of the click and spring work, as herein-before described.
If it is desired to roll or unroll a warp, threads, woven fabrics, or paper in a
continuous manner, the same principles will be followed, and the ratchet wheels
will be replaced by a crank or a toothed wheel receiving its motion from another
wheel, to which may also be adapted a crank or a driving pulley.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is or may be performed, I desire it to be understood that in
the construction of my regulators, whether with pinion, or worm, or endless screw,
or of my tension apparatus, I may vary the dimensions, shape, and number of teeth
to suit different applications of the regulator, and that I claim as secured to me by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,-
Firstly. The use in every kind of loom for weaving of the regulator with the
tension apparatus for stretching the warp constructed according to the principles
and means of my system, that is to say, a milled wheel actuating a disc, to which
is adapted a pinion or an endless screw or worm to communicate the movement
either by intermediary wheels or directly to the winding-up or take-up roller, or to
the beam which unwinds or unrolls the warp, the uniform tension of which is
served by the tension or stretching apparatus, which may be said to govern the
regulator to which it is applied, the said milled wheel acting on the disc at the
height of its centre, and being made to approach or recede therefrom as the weaving
goes on by suitable means, substantially as herein-before described.
pre-
Secondly. The application of the same principles and means to the regulators
hitherto used, as well as the application to the said regulators of the apparatus for
stretching the warp.
Thirdly. The use of the regulator provided with a crank or a toothed wheel,
to which motion may be given by another wheel, either by means of a crank fixed
to this wheel or by a driving pulley, as a machine for rolling or unrolling in a
continuous manner threads, warps of threads, paper, and woven or other fabrics,
substantially as herein-before described.
Fourthly. The application of the same apparatus to warping frames, dressing

page_text: machines, machines for the continuous manufacture of paper, finishing machines,
and machines for printing woven fabrics and paper.
Fifthly. The use of the tension apparatus and of the regulator, either in
combination or separately.
In witness whereof, I, the said Georges Antoine Marie Malleval, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
G. A. M. MALLEVAL. (L.S.)