IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED VARNO APPA- RATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING WORSTED AND OTHER YARNS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Illingworth, of the Firm of Daniel Illing-
worth & Sons, of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED
VARNO"
1174
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Illingworth at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 15th April 1875.
I, HENRY ILLINGWORTH, of the Firm of Daniel Illingworth & Sons,
of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted Spinner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING WORSTED AND OTHER YARNS," to
be as follows :-
-
The object of the first part of the Invention is to economize space in
machinery for driving what are called tube or cap frames, or that class of
frames in which the tubes carrying the bobbins have a rising-and-

page_text: falling motion given to them during the spinning or twisting operation
For this purpose the tubes on the opposite sides of the frame are driven
by separate driving cylinders or drums, and these cylinders or drums
have a rising-and-falling motion imparted to them so as to descend with
the bobbin tubes when filling single-headed bobbins, or in directions
corresponding with the motions to the bobbin tubes when filling double-
headed bobbins, and the respective driving cylinders or drums are applied
towards the opposite sides of the frames to the tubes they drive, and the
bands of one cylinder bear on and drive the other, as is usual when two
driving cylinders are used.
The object of another part of the Invention is to prevent the loose
ends and waste from getting between the lower flange or bottom rim of
the bobbins, and the supporting washers in fly frames or the lower parts
of the bobbins and their warves, or other supports in cap frames. For
this purpose I apply a tubular shield, or I otherwise form a wall to
surround these parts and to rise just above such lower flange or bottom
rim of the bobbin. I form this shield or wall so that its internal
diameter is a trifle larger than that of the said rim or flange of the
bobbins.
The upper parts, or those between the shoulders of the arms of the
"flyers" are generally formed with a projection or boss rising above
their upper surface, and when the yarn breaks or slackens in its passage
from the feed rollers to the bobbins, the loose ends often get twisted on
to these projecting parts.
And the object of another part of this Invention is to remedy this
evil by forming these parts of the arms without rising or projecting
surfaces. For this purpose I form the arms to proceed from the top
line or surface of the centre boss, or I apply an arch or supporting bar
to pass over any such projection, and from shoulder to shoulder of cach
of such pair of arms.
I also apply to the under side of the guide rail or top board above the
flyers, forks, or inclined openings, or hooks, or other suitably formed
projections, each having a wide mouth or outer end, but progressively
closing so as to act as an inclinc or slit, or hook, or projection, and
placed in a direction to catch a broken or slack end, and prevent a
its forming hard waste or doubling with the yarn of a neighbouring
spindle.

page_text: The Invention also relates to improvements on the Invention
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me and
my, brother Alfrod Illingworth, bearing date the 4th of April 1868,
No. 1141.
According to this part of the present improvements the spindle of
cach wheel receiving positive motion and imparting that motion to the
vertical feed rollers by frictional contact of surfaces, and also the axis
of such feed rollers are formed hollow, and both of these spindles
or axes are supported by and revolve upon a fixed spindle or stud
fixed into and standing up from a stationary bar or rail, the upper
end of the spindle receiving the positive motion being formed with a
broad flange or friction surface on which rests the corresponding flango
or friction surface, or lower part or projection from the feed roller. By
the use of such fixed spindles or studs I am enabled to dispense with
the use of a top guide bar or spindle rail and thereby increased simplicity
and economy of construction are obtained, with increased facility for
oiling and general operations.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Illingworth in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 15th October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
ILLINGWORTH, of the Firm of Daniel Illingworth & Sons, of Bradford,
in the County of York, Worsted Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Lotters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of April, in the ycar of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Illingworth, Her special license
that I, the said Henry Illingworth, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Illingworth, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN

page_text: APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING WORSTED AND OTHER YARNS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Illing-
worth, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Illingworth, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:—
The object of the first part of the Invention is to economise space in
machinery for driving what are called tube or cap frames or that class:
of frames in which the tubes carrying the bobbins have a rising-and-
falling motion given to thêm during the spinning or twisting operation
For this purpose the tubes on the opposite sides of the frame are driven
by separate driving cylinders or drums, and these cylinders or drums
have a rising-and-falling motion imparted to them, so as to descend with
the bobbin tubes when filling single-headed bobbins, or in directions
corresponding with these motions to the bobbin tubes when filling double-
headed bobbins, and the respective driving cylinders or drums are applied
towards the opposite sides of the frames to the tubes they drive, and the
bands of one cylinder bear on and drive the other, as is usual when two
driving cylinders are used.
The object of the second part of the Invention is to prevent the loose
ends and waste from getting between the lower flange or bottom rim of
the bobbins and the supporting washers in fly frames, or the lower parts
of the bobbins and their warves or other supports in cap frames. For
this purpose I apply a tubular shield or I otherwise form a wall to
surround these parts, and to rise just above such lower flange or bottom
rim of the bobbin. I form this shield or wall, so that its internal
diameter is a trifle larger than that of the said rim or flange of the
bobbins, and of the washers supporting such bobbins, when the washers
used are larger than the bottoms of the bobbins.
The upper parts, or those between the shoulders of the arms of the

page_text: "flyers" are generally formed with a projection or boss rising above
their upper surface, and when the yarn breaks or slackens in its passage
from the feed rollers to the bobbins the loose ends often get twisted on
to these projecting parts.
And the object of the third part of the Invention is to remedy this
evil by forming these parts of the arms without such rising or projecting
surfaces. For this purpose I form the arms to proceed from the top
line or surface of the centre boss, or I apply an arch or supporting bar
-to pass over any such projection, and from shoulder to shoulder of cach
of such pair of arms.
The fourth part of the Invention relates to the application to tho
guide rail or top board of spinning and twisting frames above the flyers
of forks, or inclined openings, or hooks, or other suitably formed pro-
jections, each having a wide mouth or outer end, but progressively closing
so as to act as an incline, or slit, or hook, or projection, and being placed
in a direction to catch a broken or slack end and prevent its forming
hard waste or doubling with the yarn of a neighbouring spindlo.
The Invention relates, fifthly, to improvements on the Inventions
described in the Specifications of Letters Patent granted to me and my
brother, Alfred Illingworth, bearing date the 4th of April 1868, No. 1141,
and to Jesse Lumb, bearing date the 16th day of April 1874, No. 1319.
According to this part of the present improvements the spindle of
each wheel receiving positive motion, and imparting that motion to the
vertical feed rollers by frictional contact of surfaces, and also the axıs
of such feed rollers are formed hollow, and both of these spindles
or axes are supported by and revolve upon a fixed spindle or stud
fixed into and standing up from a stationary bar or rail, the upper
end of the spindle receiving the positive motion being formed with a
broad flange or friction surface on which rests the corresponding flange
or fiction surface, or lower part or projection from the feed roller. By
the use of such fixed spindles or studs I am enabled to dispense with
the use of a top guide bar or spindle rail, and thereby increased simplicity
and economy of construction are obtained with increased facility for
oiling and general operations
But that the Invention may be more fully understood I will, by the
aid of the accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means employed
by me in carrying the same into effect

page_text: Figure 1 shews by a sectional diagram of parts an illustration of the
first part of the Invention. The circles a and b represent the two
driving cylinders, and c and d, the spindles on the opposite sides of the
frame. These spindles are supported in their respective stationary
rails c¹, d³, in the ordinary way, and they receive on them the tubes f
and g to carry the bobbins to be filled, and f, g¹, are the warves to these
tubes to receive the driving bands h and ɩ. The tubes and g with the
parts connected thereto, whilst guided in their rotary motions respec-
tively by the spindles c and d, arc raised and lowered by means of lifting
rails j,j, in the usual way, but according to this- first part of the In-
vention the cylinder or drum a by bands h acting on warves f¹ gives
motion to the scries of bobbin tubes f on the one side of the frame,
whilst the cylinder or drum bin like manner, by a series of hands
acting on warves g³ gives motion to the series of bobbin tubes g on
the opposite side of the frame The bearings for the axes of these
cylinders or drums a and b are supported so as to be capable of motion,
and these motions are controlled to an extent sufficient to keep the
respective series of bands h and at about an uniform tension during
the rising and falling motions of the lifter rails j, and arrangements
such as those employed for effecting the rising-and-falling motions to
the lifter rails are adapted to this purpose, and such being well known I
have not thought it necessary to show them, but I do not confine myself
thereto, and such rising and falling motions to the driving cylinders or
drums will be varied to the character or form of bobbins for the time
desired to be produced.
"
The second part of my Invension is shown applied in Figure 2,
where k represents the tubular shield, the lower edge of which rests on
the lifter rail, whilst the upper edge of it rises above the bottom edge
or flange m¹ of the bobbin m, so as to enclose the washers on which the
bobbin icsts and thereby prevent any loose ends from getting between
the washers and the under side of the bobbin As shown the washers
placed between the lifter rail and the under side of the bobbin are
arranged as follows There is, first, a leather washer 1, then a wooden
one 2, then another leather washer 3, then three cloth washers 4, and
then another leather washer 5 on which the flange m' of the bobbin m
rests, and these parts, together with separate views of the shield %, are

page_text: shown separately by Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, but the number,
Size, and character of the washers employed may be varied to the cir-
cumstances of the case, or otherwise.
Figure 2 also shews an arrangement of the upper part of a flyor
according to the third part of the Invention by the boss n of the arms n'
being formed on the under side of the shoulders n thereof, thereby
forming a clear uninterrupted surface to such upper part thereof in placo
of such boss with the end of the spindle o standing up above, as has
heretofore been the case.
Figure 9 shows a modification of this part of the Invention, in which
the advantage contemplated by it is obtained when using an ordinary
form of flyer with the boss n of the arms n³ thereof, standing up above
the shoulders of such arms. In this case the objection and incon-
venience arising from the existence of such projections is overcome by
the application of a bar p, extending from shoulder to shoulder of the
flyer, over such projecting parts in like manner to prevent any loose
ends from being caught by such projecting upper parts of the flyer.
The form of such bar may be varied.
I will now describe the fourth part of my Invention, arrangements
according to which are indicated by the sectional views, Figures 10
and 11, by front edge view, Figure 12, and by under side view,
Figure 13. In each of these Figures represents the guide rail or top
board, and the pot cye or other guide through which the yarn passes to
the spinning spindle To this rail or board 7 in any suitable position is
applied a hooked plates, which may simply have one main slit or opening
in it 8', or it may have two or more such slits or openings as at 8², 8³, or
these slits or openings may be of other suitable form so long as they are
adapted to scize broken or slack ends, and detain them and prevent their
forming "hard waste" or "doubling" with the yarn of a neigh-
bouring spindle. t, in these same Figures last refered to, represents a
guard plate somewhat of the ordinary form, except that it is cut into
forked or inclined openings at t¹, each opening or slit having a wide
mouth or outer end progressively closing so as to act in like manner to
the slits or openings last described, in catching broken or slack ends and
preventing double yarn. Forks or inclined openings, or hooks or other
suitably formed projections may however be variously formed and
applied to effect the object according to this part of the Invention.

page_text: Figure 14 represents an arrangement of parts according to The ICIL
head of the Invention. In this case the vertical feed rollers u are
applied to a hollow axes a¹, and they are guided with capability of
revolving on a fixed or stationary spindle v, upon which is also supported
with like capability of revolving the hollow shaft or axis to, upon which
is formed or applied the bevelled skew tooth pinion w², the teeth of
which are formed skew and are taken into and driven by a corresponding
skew tooth bevil wheel x applied to the shaft or axis 2¹. This axis w
is also formed with a flange w³ to receive the flanged end of the
spindle u and give motion thereto by friction of the respective surfaces
in contact.
Between the upper surface of the flange w³ and tho under surface of
the flange u may be applied leather or other suitable washers to
regulate the extent or degree of friction desired between these surfaces
and the consequent tension applied to the yarn as delivered by the feed
roller u.
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise arrangements of parts, as shown and
described, as the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar
character of the Invention, but what I do claim is,-
First The arranging or combining parts of what in apparatus for
spinning and twisting worsted and other yarns are called tube or cap
frames, so that the desired motion to the spinning spindles thereof from
the driving cylinders or drums may be obtained, as described.
Secondly. I claim the use of shields of the character and for the
purpose, substantially as described under this head of the Invention.
Thirdly. I claim the forming the upper parts or shoulders of tho
arms of the flyers without projections above them, or with a projecting
bar or frame to cover such parts so as to prevent, or the better to guard
against the thread or loose ends of yarn from getting twisted therewith,
substantially as described.
Fourthly. I claim the application of forks or inclined openings or
hooks or other similar projections to the guide rail or top board or
parts thereof, to catch broken or slack ends, and to prevent "double," {
substantially as described under this head of the Invention.

page_text: Fifthly. I claim the method of arranging parts for obtaining positive
yet frictional motion to the feed rollers, substantially as described under
this head of the Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Illingworth have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Twelfth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-five.
HENRY ILLINGWORTII. (L.S.)