Improvements in Regulating the Admission of Fluid under Pressure to the Cylinders of Motive Power Engines and in Mechanism therefor.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 4th May, 1889-Accepted, 15th June, 1889
PROVISIONAL: SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Regulating the Admission of Fluid under Pressure
to the Cylinders of Motive Power Engines and in Mechanism
therefor.
I JOHN WILLIAM MELLING of 11 Birkett Bank Wigan in the County of Lancaster
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
:-
The principal object of my Invention is to more efficiently control and regulate the
admission of steam air or other fluid under pressure to the cylinders of motive power
engines.
To accomplish this object I propose to directly adjust the position and regulate the
throw of the eccentric crank or other part which actuates the admission or cut off
valves by means of a governor fitted on the same shaft as the eccentric or other mover.
The governor is composed of by preference two pendulums or weighted arms fulcrumed
on a frame carried on the shaft and at or near their weighted ends these arms are
connected by links to the eccentric or other valve mover which is fitted in a slide or
otherwise mounted adjustably upon the shaft in such a manner as that when the shaft
is rotating and carries round the governor arms the weighted ends by centrifugal force
overcome the resistance of a spring or springs and fly outward and by means of the
Jinks draw in the eccentric or equivalent so as to bring its contre nearer to the centre
of the shaft and consequently lessen the throw of the valve mover.
The tension of the spring above mentioned is adjustable by means of a screw or
equivalent and the spring is strong enough to overcome the resistance of the valve and
its connections so that when the speed of the engine is too slow the spring tends to
draw together the weighted arms and by the links to force out the eccentric or
equivalent valve mover further from the centre of the shaft and so increase the throw
of the valve mover thereby admitting more steam or other fluid to the cylinder.
When a screw is employed as the means for adjusting the tension of the spring the
nut thereon may be so shaped and fitted that the screw can be adjusted while the
engine is running.
If required an oil or liquid check cylinder might be employed the piston rod of
which would be connected to the eccentric or other valve inover so that when the latter
is moved by the governor as above described the check cylinder would prevent too
abrupt a movement.
My improvements may be applied to either the main admission valves or to the cut
off or expansion valves of motive power engines.
Dated this 3rd day of August 1888
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Regulating the Admission of Fluid under Pressure
to the Cylinders of Motive Power Engines and in Mechanism
therefor.
I, JOHN WILLIAM MELLING, of 11 Birkett Bank, Wigan, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The principal object of my invention is to more efficiently control and regulate the
admission of steam air or other fluid under pressure to the cylinders of motive power
engines.
To accomplish this obiect provose to directly adinst the position and regulate the

page_text: throw of the eccentric crank or other part which actuates the admission or cut off
valves by means of a governor fitted on the same shaft as the eccentric or other mover.
The governor is composed of by preference two pendulums or weighted arms fulcrumed
on a frame carried on a shaft and at or near their weighted ends these arms are con-
nected by links to the eccentric or other valve mover which is fitted in a slide or other-
wise mounted adjustably upon the shaft in such a manner as that when the shaft is
rotating and carries round the governor arms the weighted ends by centrifugal force
overcome the resistance of a spring or springs and fly outward and by means of the
links draw in the eccentric or equivalent so as to bring its centre nearer to the centre
of the shaft and consequently lessen the throw of the valve mover.
The tension of the spring above mentioned is adjustable by means of a screw or
equivalent and the spring is strong enough to overcome the resistance of the valve and
its connections so that when the speed of the engine is too slow the spring tends to
draw together the weighted arms and by the links to force out the eccentric or
equivalent valve mover further from the centre of the shaft and so increase the throw
of the valve mover thereby admitting more steam or other fluid to the cylinder. When
a screw is employed as a means for adjusting the tension of the spring the nut thereon
may be so shaped and fitted that the screw can be adjusted while the engine
running.
If required an oil or liquid check cylinder might be employed the piston rod of
which would be connected to the eccentric or other valve mover so that when the
latter is moved by the governor as above described the check cylinder would prevent
too abrupt a movement.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect 1 will describe the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate one arrangement and Figs. 3 and 4 another arrangement
both according to my Invention of mechanism for adjusting the position and regulating
the throw of an eccentric valve mover and Figs. and 6 illustrate the application of
similar mechanism to the valve mover in this case a movable crank pin at the end of a
shaft.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
Referring first to Figures 1 and 2-a designates the shaft on which is mounted a
rim or wheel which is supported by two transverse bars with a boss 6' which
encircles the shaft a. The eccentric valve mover c is formed with two rectangular
projections c which are fitted in a slide formed by two transverse bars &³ corresponding
to the two bars 6 aforesaid; the eccentric c is retained in its proper position in the
slide by means of bolts d which pass through the projections and also through
plates e at the back of the said projections and the bars 6.
The governor arrangement for regulating the position of the eccentric c in the slide
in this instance consists of the two arms f which at one end are fulcrumed at f¹ on the
transverse bars, are weighted at f, and at the other end are connected by links g to
the eccentric c.
The governor arms are beld together by the spring the tension of which can be
adjusted by means of the regulating screw and nut i. The nut may be of such diameter
as to project beyond the rim & so that by holding a piece of wood covered with leather
or any other suitable device in the path of the nut its position can be adjusted and the
tension of the spring regulated while the engine is in motion.
draw
When the shaft a is rotating at such a speed as to cause the weighted governor
arms to overcome the resistance of the spring hand fly outward the links
the eccentric along its slide in the direction indicated by the arrow Fig. 1 thereby
altering its throw diminishing the stroke and also altering the angle of advance
relatively to the crank. The valve is operated by a connection from the eccentric
strap not shown.
draws together the weighted
When tho speed of the engine decreases the spring
governor arms and by the links 9 moves the eccentric c in its slide in the reverse
direction and so increases the stroke of the valve.

page_text: The tension of the spring h, as adjusted by means of the regulating screw and nut i
in proportion to the weight of the governor arnis f and connections, determines the
speed at which the engine will run.
It is obvious that more than one spring might be employed and that the spring or
springs might be differently arranged to obtain the same result without departing from
my invention.
Instead of arranging the slide so that the eccentric valve mover whilst being adjusted
will move in a line radial to the centre of the shaft a I prefer to arrange it as shown
so that the eccentric valve mover will be moved along the line of adjustment
point y being outside the centre of the shaft a.
the
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate an arrangement which is substantially the same as that
represented by Figs. 1 and 2 the main feature of difference being that in this case the
governor arms are not weighted but a second pair of weighted governor arms (only
one of which is shown in the Drawing) are fulcrumed at on the rim and con-
nected by rodsk to the first pair of arms f. This arrangement is intended for cases
where the number of revolutions per minute of the engine is too small to admit of
the weights being placed on the arms f.
Instead of employing two weighted governor arms ; I might employ one arm only
and connect its rod k to an arm fixed on a rocking shaft carried in a bracket secured
between the arms to the rim b or some other part of the revolving frame. On
opposite sides of this rocking shaft would be secured two other arms each of which
would be connected by a link to one of the arms f so that when the shaft was rocked
by means of the governor arm j and rod k the arms on the said shaft would act through
the connecting links to draw the arms together or move them apart as the case may
be and adjust the position of the eccentric valve mover e as before described.
Figures 5 and 6 represent substantially the same arrangement as in Figs. 1 and 2
applied in this case to a sliding block m and crank pin n at the end of a shaft a the
valve rod o being connected directly to the crank pin n and the block m being fitted
in a slide in the transverse bar .
In this arrangement I have also illustrated the application of an oil or liquid check
cylinder p the piston rod g of which is connected to the sliding block m to prevent
too abrupt a movement of the same.
My improvements may be applied to either the main admission valves or to the cut
off or expansion valves of motive power engines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1.-The combination of the shaft a the rim band frame arranged to revolve there-
with and weighted governor arms fulcrumed on said frame and connected by links to
an eccentric or equivalent valve mover fitted in a slideway or otherwise guided in the
frame whereby the position of the said eccentric is adjusted and its throw and angle
of advance are altered when the centrifugal force exerted by the revolving weighted
governor arms exceeds the power of the spring h or vice versa all substantially as and
for the purposes herein described with reference to the Drawings annexed.
2. The several constructions combinations and arrangements of parts comprising
my improvements in mechanism for regulating the admission of fluid under pressure
to the cylinders of motive power engines substantially as herein described and as
shown.
1 L
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.