Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1894
Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
I, JOHN POYSER, of Peck's Hill, Sherwood Road, Mansfield, in the County of
Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to looms for weaving and comprises the improvements
hereinafter described.
According to my invention I provide for positively moving the loom-shuttle
through the shed instead of throwing or knocking it as has heretofore been
the practice, and I arrange in conjunction with a loom-shuttle a device for taking
up the slack thread during the time that the shuttle is changing its direction of
motion.
In carrying the first part of my invention into practice I provide a cylindrical
cam having an endless groove or grooves in it which acts upon a projection or
projections on the shuttle in such a manner that as the cam is rotated the shuttle
will be caused to pass through the shed, a suitable guide being provided for the
shuttle.
When such a cam is used for operating the shuttle of a tape loom or loom for
narrow fabrics it is recessed at the central part to allow of the free movement of
the
warp
threads and the guide for the shuttle is placed at the sides of the warp
threads in such a manner that before the shuttle leaves one part of the guide it enters
the other and rice versa. When, however, my operating cam is applied to a loom
for weaving wide fabrics I build up the said cam or that portion of it beneath the
shed with a series of discs and distance-pieces to form grooves in which the warp
threads have free play, the said discs being of sufficient diameter and so arranged
as to project above the bottom of the shed in order to engage with the shuttle to
be passed through the same in this case the portion of the shuttle-guide adjacent
to the warp threads is composed of a series of plates forming a comb the teeth of
which project between the upper warp threads into the shed.
In carrying out the second part of my invention which relates to the take-up
for the shuttle thread I advantageously make use of a lever carried by a light
volute spring, the said lever and spring being attached to the spool-carrier, and I
arrange eyes on the shuttle-carrier, through which and an eye on the lever the
thread is passed so that, when the thread is being given off under tension, the eye upon
the lever and the eyes upon the carrier will be in close proximity but so that when
the movement of the shuttle is reversed the said spring-lever by moving away
from the said eyes will take up the slack.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
I, JOHN POYSER, of Peck's Hill, Sherwood Road, Mansfield, in the County of
Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to looms for weaving and comprises the improvements
hereinafter described.
According to my invention I provide for positively moving the loom-shuttle
through the shed instead of throwing or knocking it as has heretofore been
the practice, and I arrange in conjunction with a loom-shuttle a device for
taking up the slack thread during the time that the shuttle is changing its direction
of motion.
In carrying the first part of my invention into practice I provide a cylindrical
cam having an endless groove or grooves in it which acts or act upon a projection
or projections on the shuttle in such a manner that as the cam is rotated the shuttle
will be caused to pass through the shed, a suitable guide being provided for the
shuttle.
When such a cam is used for operating the shuttle of a tape-loom or loom for
narrow fabrics it is recessed at the central part to allow of the free movement of
the warp threads and the guide for the shuttle is placed at the sides of the warp
threads in such a manner that before the shuttle leaves one part of the guide it
enters the other and vice versa. When, however, my operating cam is applied to a
loom for weaving wide fabrics I build up the said cam or that portion of it beneath
the shed with a series of discs and distance-pieces to form grooves in which the
warp threads have free play, the said discs being of sufficient diameter and so
arranged as to project above the bottom of the shed in order to engage with the
shuttle to be passed through the same.
In carrying out the second part of my invention which relates to the take-up
for the shuttle thread, I advantageously make use of a lever carried by a light
volute spring, the said lever and spring being attached to the spool-carrier, and I
arrange eyes on the shuttle-carrier through which and an eye on the lever the
thread is passed so that, when the thread is being given off under tension, the eye
upon the lever and the eyes upon the carrier will be in close proximity but when
the movement of the shuttle is reversed the said spring-lever by moving away
from the said eyes will take up the slack.
To enable my invention to he fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :--
Figures 1 to 5 illustrate the adaptation of my invention to narrow ware looms
of the class described in the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to
me No. 15431 of 1893, Figure 1 being a side elevation, Figure 2 a front elevation,
Figure 3 a plan, Figure 4 a longitudinal section, and Figure 5 a vertical transverse
section of the machine.
Figure 6 is a development of the shuttle-actuating cam used in the machine
shewn in the preceding figures :
Figures 7, 8 and 9 illustrate a modification of the invention, Figure 7 being a
transverse vertical section, Figure 8 a longitudinal section of a portion of the
machine, and Figure 9 a development of the shuttle-actuating cam :
Figures 10, 11 and 12 illustrate the adaptation of my invention to a loom for
weaving wide fabrics, Figure 10 being a longitudinal section shewing the general
arrangement, and Figures 11 and 12 a longitudinal section and a front elevation
respectively drawn to an enlarged scale of the shuttle-actuating device:

page_text: Figure 13 is a plan drawn to an enlarged scale illustrating the arrangement for
taking up the slack thread of the shuttle shewn in Figure 3 when changing its
direction of motion:
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
a is the shuttle, and is the race-way or guide in which the said shuttle slides.
c, c' are the feed or take-up rollers; d, d' the fixed and movable parts of the batten
respectively; e, e¹ the shedding plates and the rocking-bar or roller for taking up
the slack of the warp threads produced by the closing of the shed, all of which
parts are constructed and operate in substantially the manner described in the
Specification of my former Patent No. 15431 of 1893 hereinbefore referred to.
is my cam for operating the shuttle.
is
In the arrangement of my invention shewn in Figures 1 to 6, the cam
represented as being made in two parts having a gap or space g' between them
corresponding to the gap in the shuttle-race to allow of the free movement of
the warp threads under the action of the heddles. The said cam is also repre-
sented as being enclosed in a casingh forming part of the framing of the head of
the loom and having bearings at its ends for carrying the journals of the shaft
upon which the said cam is mounted.
The engagement between the cam and the shuttle is effected by the following
means. The cam is formed with two grooves i, i¹ and upon the underside of the
shuttle are two rollers j, j which run in the grooves i, respectively, the provision
of duplicate grooves and rollers being rendered necessary by reason of the break
in the continuity of the grooves caused by the gap in the cam. By employing two
grooves and rollers, however, one roller is always in its groove; the length of the
shuttle and the width of the gap being so proportioned that as the cam is rotated
the roller of the shuttle always engages with the groove i of the cam before the
roller leaves the groove and vice versa.
To
In some cases instead of forming a gap in the cam I make the cam continuous
and therefore it is necessary that the cam should be arranged with its surface
below the bottom of the shed, and in such case it is obvious that the cam-grooves
could not engage directly with rollers upon the underside of the shuttle.
effect the connection therefore between the cam and the shuttle I advantageously
adopt the arrangement illustrated in Figures 7, 8 and 9. In this arrangement I
provide below the shuttle-guide or race an independent guide or race k extending
right across the machine and having sliding in it what I will term a shuttle-carrier l.
This shuttle-carrier has in it two sliding-pins m, m¹ which I term pickers adapted
at their upper ends to engage in holes or apertures n, n¹ in the underside of the
shuttle and at their lower ends to run in the grooves i, of the cam respectively,
springs o, o upon the said pickers serving to normally press the same against the
bottom of the grooves. Each of the said grooves is made deeper at some part
than others in order that at certain times one or other of the pickers shall
disengage from the shuttle. Thus it will be seen by reference to Figure 7 that
the shuttle-carrier moving in the direction indicated by the arrow engages with
the shuttle by means of the picker m' the lower end of which bears within a
portion of the cam-groove which is shallow at this point while the picker m
bearing upon a depression of the cam-groove i is lowered in order to pass clear of
the lower warp threads. In this modification the cam for operating the movable
part of the batten may be placed at the end of the cam-shaft as shewn at p,
Figure 7, and the feed-lever may be operated by means of projections upon the
cam also shewn in Figure 7.
In the development of the cam g shewn in Figure 9 the shallow portions of the
grooves are indicated at 12, 2 and the deep portions at 3, 3.
In applying my invention to looms for weaving wide fabrics I provide a cam
built up of a series of discs r with distance-pieces between them, the said
discs and distance-pieces being clamped together upon a shaft by means of the
nuts s, s, as shewn in Figure 12, or the cam may be formed by cutting a series
of grooves. In this modification of my invention I employ a single cam-groove

page_text: which is cut in the edges of the discs in the same manner as the thread of a
return thread screw. The discs are of such diameter as to project above the
bottom of the shed in order to engage with a traveller t upon the shuttle, shewn
detached in Figure 12A, arranged upon a pivot so as to allow it to follow the
curvature of the cam-groove in a well known manner.
The race-way for the shuttle is represented as being formed in a series of
plates u, u between the threads of the shed and forming a comb, the said plates
being carried by grooved bars, and held at their proper distance apart by
distance-pieces v', ', the whole being clamped together by bolts w, w. It will be
understood that the length of the plates u, u must be such as to allow the free up
and down movement of the warp threads under the action of the heddles.
The device for taking up the slack thread between the selvage of the material
being woven and the finger x of the shuttle consists of a spring take-up lever
(shewn in Figure 3 and in Figure 13) which take-up lever is fixed at a and
provided at its free end with an eye a²; upon the shuttle are also fixeri two
eyes y, y. The weft thread passing from the spool of the shuttle is first of all
passed through the eye y, thence through the eye of the take-up lever and
thence through the eye y¹ to the eye of the finger of the shuttle. During the
time that the shuttle is being moved through the shed in one direction the pull
upon the weft thread will draw forward the lever so that its eye ² is between
the eyes y, y; when, however, on the reverse movement of the shuttle slack is
formed the said lever under the action of the spring a moves backward into the
position shewn in Figures 3 and 13 to take up the slack.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a loom for weaving operating the shuttle by means of a cam which directly
or indirectly engages therewith, substantially as described.
2. In a loom for weaving, shuttle-actuating mechanism consisting of a cylindrical
can having a groove or grooves engaging with a roller or rollers or a projection or
projections upon the shuttle and passing the shuttle positively through the shed,
substantially as described.
3. The construction and arrangement of shuttle-actuating mechanisin substan-
tially as described with reference to Figures 1 to 6 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The construction and arrangement of shuttle-actuating mechanism, substan-
tially as described with reference to Figures 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying
drawings.
5. In a loom for weaving in which the shuttle is positively moved through the
shed by a cam, a cam having a series of flanges or dises adapted to pass between
the threads of the warp to engage with the shuttle above the same, substantially
as described.
6. The construction and arrangement of shuttle-actuating mechanism substan-
tially as described with reference to Figures 10, 11, 12 and 124 of the accompanying
drawings.
7. In a loom for weaving the combination with the shuttle of a device for taking
up the slack, substantially as described with reference to Figures 3 and 13 of the
drawings.
D
1
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.