CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING OR DRESSING SILKS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Périnaud, Dyer, of Paris, Town in the French
Empire, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING OR
DRESSING SILKS."
Sealed the 21st October 1856, and dated the 7th May 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Périnaud at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
May 1856.
I, JEAN PERINAUD, Dyer, of Paris, Town in the French Empire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREPARING OR DRESSING SILKS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a method of preparing or dressing silk, in piece or
otherwise, by means of friction and heat, whereby the use of pins or other
articles likely to damage the fabric is avoided.
After the silk has been gummed, I apply it over or upon suitably arranged
heated surfaces, and while there, subject it to brisk friction by means of a
brush or otherwise, until it detaches itself, or may be readily detached from the
heated surface. The heated surfaces which I employ may be flat, cylindrical,
or otherwise configured, such, for example, as hollow cylinders, blocks, concave
plates, &c. They may be of glass, metal, plastic material, or other suitable

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Périnaud in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
PERINAUD, Dyer, of Paris, Town in the French Empire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Jean Perinaud, Her special licence that I, the said Jean Perinaud, my ex-
ecutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jean Perinaud,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING OR DRESSING
SILKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean Perinaud,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my or
their or one of. their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Perinaud, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists in preparing or dressing silks, in piece or otherwise,
by means of friction and heat, that is to say, by applying the silk, after it has
been gumined over or upon suitably arranged heated surfaces, and while there,
subjecting it to brisk friction by means of a brush or otherwise, until it detacheś
itself or may be readily detached from the heated surface. .By means of this
Invention, the employment of pins or other sharp article or agent of attach-
ment likely to damage the fabric is avoided.

page_text: The heated surfaces which I employ for the purposes of iny. Invention may.
be flat, concave, convex, cylindrical, polygonal, or otherwise configured or
shaped; for example, they may be hollow cylinders, blocks, concave plates, &c.
They may be made of glass, metal, plastic material, or other suitable substance,
and heat is applied to them by means of a heated iron, gas, steam, hot air, or
other heating agent or medium.
i
now proceed to describe a convenient mode for carrying my Invention
into effect.
I employ an apparatus consisting of one or more hollow cylinders, mounted
on axes supported in a fixed framework. Pipes furnished with stopcocks are
conducted from a steam boiler into the interior of the cylinders, for the
introduction of steam for the purpose of heating them; and suitable passages
are provided for the discharge of the waters of condensation. A drum or
roller for receiving the silk to be prepared is mounted in the front part of the
frame, and a second stretching drum may also be added. The pieces of silk
having been previously gummed on one or both surfaces, in any suitable
manner, and damped, are rolled on the stretching roller or rollers, and (guided
by a rod) are brought over or upon the hollow cylinders (which are heated
by turning on the steam), and are there subjected to brisk friction, either by
brushing them with a horse-hair or silken brush, or a brush made of any other
substance, or with a piece of textile fabric, or otherwise. This brushing may
be performed by manual labor, or mechanical means, and the brushing
instrument should be so handled or worked as to act on every part of the
silk under treatment. After the silk has thus been subjected to friction, it
detaches itself from the heated surface, and is received on to a drum or roller.
Although I have mentioned metal cylinders heated by steam as the surfaces
on which the silk is applied, in order to be subjected to friction, I do not
confine myself either to the form of the material or heating agent mentioned,
as I also employ for the purpose polygonal, flat, concave, convex, and any
otherwise configured or shaped surface, plate, or block, whether made of metal,
glass, pottery, or other suitable material, and whether heated by steam, hot
air, gas, or otherwise, and fitted, mounted, or arranged in any convenient
manner.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my Invention,―
The preparing or dressing of silk by stretching it over or upon suitably
arranged heated surfaces, and while thereon, subjecting it to friction until it
detaches itself or may be readily detached from the heated surfaces, whereby

page_text: the employment of pins or other attaching agents liable to damage the silk is
avoided.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean-Périnaud, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD, Ing* Civil,
No. 23, Boulevt de Strasbourg,
à Paris.
J. PERINAUD. (L.S.)