IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Coulthard, of Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, and John Muir Hetherington, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Coulthard and John
Muir Hetherington at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
10th December 1880.
THOMAS COULTHARD, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and
JOHN MUIR HETHERINGTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
65
This Invention of improvements in machinery or apparatus for spinning and
doubling cotton and other fibrous materials has reference more particularly to ring
and traveller spindle apparatus of the class known as "self-contained" spindles,
wherein the spindle bearing is in a bolster surrounded at its lower end by an oil
cup or reservoir for lubricant, a metallic sleeve or shell being mounted on the
spindle above the bolster, and extending downwards around it until it reaches the
interior of the oil cup or reservoir. Our improvements are also applicable to ring
and traveller spindle apparatus wherein the spindle bearing is in a bolster, as above
described, but which has no oil reservoir around the base of the bolster, a hooked
pin or other similar device being usually employed in this class of spindle apparatus
for preventing the spindle from being lifted out of the bolster.
Our Invention consists, firstly, in providing means for preventing the spindle
from being lifted out of the bolster when the bobbin is removed for piecing or
doffing so as to dispense with the use of hooked pins, sliding-bars, turn buttons,
springs, set screws, and other devices hitherto employed, all of which are trouble-
some to adjust and liable to get out of order, and in affording facilities for readily
removing the spindle from and replacing it in working position within the bolster,
and without the necessity of severing or cutting the driving band; and, secondly,
in an improved mode of mounting the spindle apparatus in the bolster rail.

page_text: According to the first part of our Invention the oil reservoir is formed at its upper
edge with a lip or cover projecting inwardly so as to overlap a flange formed upon
the lower edge of the metallic sleeve or shell attached to the spindle. The outer
edge of the flange is provided with one or more helically shaped projections suitably
formed so as to pass through corresponding helical slots or grooves cut in the inner
edge of the lip or cover; or the inner edge of the lip and the outer edge of the
flange may be screw-threaded, so that the flange may be screwed or twisted through
the lip or cover of the oil reservoir. In either arrangement the slots or grooves and
projections and the screw threading point upwardly in a direction opposite to that
of the spindle in its rotation when spinning or doubling, as the case may be. When
it is desired to remove the spindle from the bolster, the spindle is raised until the
upper edge of the flange comes in contact with the lower edge of the lip or cover,
and is then turned or twisted in a direction opposite to that of the ordinary rotation
of the spindle until the projections enter the slots or grooves, or the screw threads
enter each other, when the spindle may be easily removed, as will be well under-
stood. Thus a convenient arrangement is provided for holding down the spindle
and permitting of its ready removal and replacement, the same arrangement, with
certain modifications, being also applicable to "self-contained" spindles without
oil reservoirs, but which have shells or sleeves extending downwards over the
bolsters.
According to the second part of our Invention we mount the lower end of "self
contained spindles," or that portion of the bolster which ordinarily fits into the
bolster rail, in a separate tube or bush which enters a hole in the bolster rail and
may be secured therein in any convenient manner. A tube or sleeve of felt or
woollen cloth, a metallic spring, or other elastic medium, is interposed between the
lower end or shank of the spindle apparatus and the tube or bush for the purpose of
taking up vibration. The tube or bush may be formed with a flange on its upper
edge, between which and the flange of the bolster an elastic medium or washer
may also be introduced, and, if desirable, the tube itself may have elasticity
imparted to it by being sawn or cut through either spirally or perpendicularly.
Or the elastic material may be inserted in the bolster rail without the employment
of a separate tube or bush, in either case, an elastic medium or washer may be
placed between the bolster flange which usually rests upon the bolster rail and the
surface of the rail. When the bolster is secured to the bolster rail by means of a
nut screwed upon the lower extremity of the bolster, an elastic medium or washer
may also be interposed between the upper side of the screw nut and the lower side
of the bolster rail. The tube or bush may be closed at its lower end, thus answering
as a cup or reservoir for oil, from which communication to the interior of the lower
end of the bolster may be provided by suitable holes through the shank of the
bolster. The interior of the bolster and also of the tube or bush may be rifled or
grooved so as to facilitate the circulation of the oil.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Coulthard and John Muir Hetherington in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th June 1881.
THOMAS COULTHARD, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and
JOHN MUIR HETHERINGTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
This Invention of improvements in machinery or apparatus for spinning and
doubling cotton and other fibrous materials has reference more particularly to ring
and traveller spindle apparatus of the class known as "self contained" spindles,
wherein the spindle bearing is in a bolster surrounded at its lower end by an oil
cup or reservoir for lubricant, a metallic sleeve or shell being mounted on the
spindle above the bolster, and extending downward around it until it reaches the
interior of the oil cup or reservoir. Our improvements are also applicable to ring
and traveller spindle apparatus wherein the spindle bearing is in a bolster as above
described, but which has no oil reservoir around the base of the bolster, a hooked
pin or similar device being usually employed in this class of spindle apparatus for
preventing the spindle from being lifted out of the bolster.
Our Invention consists, firstly, in providing means for preventing the spindle
from being lifted out of the bolster when the bobbin is removed for piecing or
doffing, so as to dispense with the use of booked pins, sliding bars, turn buttons,
springs, set screws, and other devices hitherto employed, all of which are trouble-
some to adjust and liable to get out of order, and in affording facilities for readily
removing the spindle from, and replacing it in working position within the bolster,
and without the necessity of severing or cutting the driving band; and, secondly, in
an improved mode of mounting the spindle apparatus in the bolster rail.
According to the first part of our Invention, the oil reservoir is formed at its
upper edge with a lip or cover projecting inwardly, so as to overlap a flange formed
upon the lower edge of the metallic sleeve or shell attached to the spindle. The
outer edge of the flange is provided with one or more helically shaped projections
suitably formed, so as to pass through corresponding helical slots or grooves cut in
the inner edge of the lip or cover, or the inner edge of the lip and the outer edge of
the flange may be screw-threaded, so that the flange may be screwed or twisted through
the lip or cover of the oil reservoir. In either arrangement the slots or grooves, and
projections and the screw threading, point inwardly in a direction opposite to that
of the spindle in its rotation when spinning or doubling, as the case may be. In
the accompanying Drawings Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 illustrate the improved
arrangements referred to; Fig. 2 (partly in section) shews an arrangement in
which the helically shaped projections a enter corresponding helical slots or
grooves 6 cut in the inner edge of the lip or cover c of the oil reservoir d (see Fig. 3,
which is a sectional plan of Fig. 1 at the line x, x,); Fig. 4 (partly in section)
shews an arrangement in which the inner edge of the lip c and the outer edge of
the flange e are screw threaded, a similar arrangement being also shewn in Fig. 9.
In the several Figures of the Drawings, f is the spindle; g, the sleeve or shell
(provided with a warve or whirl h and a cup i for receiving the lower end of the
bobbin), and the bolster. When it is desired to remove the spindle from the
bolster, the spindle f is raised until the upper edge of the flange e comes in contact
with the lower edge of the lip or cover c, and is then turned or twisted in a direction
opposite to that of the ordinary rotation of the spindle until the projections enter
the slots or grooves b, b, or the screw threads enter each other, when the spindle
may be easily removed, as will be well understood. Thus a convenient arrangement
is provided for holding down the spindle and permitting of its ready removal and
replacement, the same arrangement with certain modifications being also applicable
to "self contained" spindles without exterior oil reservoirs, but which have shells

page_text: or sleeves extending downwards over the bolsters, see Figs. 5 and 6, in which the
bolster jis provided with the projecting screw-threading k, the interior of the
bottom end of the sleeve or shell 9 being provided with corresponding screw
threading, a recess & surrounding the screw threading on the bolster being formed
in the interior of the warve or whirl h.
According to the second part of our Invention we mount the lower end of "self
contained" spindles, or that portion of the bolster which ordinarily fits into the
bolster rail, in a separate tube or bush which enters a hole in the bolster rail, and
may be secured therein in any convenient manner. A tube or sleeve of felt or
woollen cloth, a metallic spring, india rubber tube, or other elastic medium is
interposed between the lower end or shank of the spindle apparatus and the tube
or bush for the purpose of taking up vibration. The tube or bush is formed with
a flange on its upper edge, between which and the flange of the bolster an elastic
medium or washer is introduced. In Fig. 7 m represents the bolster rail; n, the
elastic medium interposed between the shank j' of the bolster j and between the
flange of the separate tube or bush o and the bolster flange 2 which usually rests
upon the bolster rail. The separate tube or bush o is provided at its lower end
with the screw nut q. The elastic material may be inserted in the bolster rail
without the employment of a separate tube or bush, as shewn in Fig. 8. In this
case an elastic medium or washer n¹ is introduced between the under side of the
bolster rail m and the upper side of a metal washer usually interposed between the
bolster rail and the upper side of a screw nut q. The tube or bush may be closed
at its lower end, as shewn in Fig. 9, and may be caused to answer at its upper
end as a cup or reservoir d for oil, from which communication to the interior of
the lower end of the bolster may be provided by suitable holes s, 8, through the
shank of the bolster. In Fig. 9 the elastic medium n is shewn interposed between
the shank of the bolster and the tube or bush o. In Fig. 9 a recess or chamber u
is shewn below the bottom end of the bolster shank j'. The chamber u is designed
to answer as a receptacle for any sediment or dirt which may find its way to the
foot of the spindle, from which the dirt or sediment will be forced through the
oil ducts w to the recess or chamber u when the spindle is raised and pressed down
again into its place. The interior of the bolster and also of the tube or bush or
the spindle itself may be rifled or grooved so as to facilitate the circulation of the
oil (see Figs. 2, 4, and 9).
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and explained the
manner in which the same is to be or may be carried into practical effect, we
would have it understood that we lay no claim generally to the use of an elastic
medium in spindle bolsters, but that what we consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as secured to us by the herein before in part recited Letters
Patent is as follows, that is to say :-
1. The use or employment in "self contained" spindles of helically shaped pro-
jections and grooves or of screw-threading, substantially as described and shewn
in the Drawings, for the purpose specified.
2. The mode of interposing an elastic medium between the spindle bolster and
the bolster rail, substantially as described and shewn in the Drawings for the
purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Coulthard, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one