matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SEPA- RATING GOLD OR OTHER VALUABLE SUBSTANCES FROM EARTH OR OTHER EXTRANEOUS MATTERS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION lett by Alexandre Rotschen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
PROVISIONAL SPEC ICATION leit by Alexandre Rotschen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th December 1852.-Partly a communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALEXANDRE ROTSCHEFF, of Queen Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SEPA-
RATING GOLD OR OTHER VALUABLE SUBSTANCES FROM EARTH OR OTHER
EXTRANEOUS MATTERS" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to separate gold when found in a
granulated state from the earthy matters mingled therewith. For
this purpose I construct, by preference, a shallow rectangular vessel,
and insert therein a perforated horizontal partition or false bottom.
To the sides of this vessel I affix rails to receive running wheels,
which support a traversing rake or harrow, the Tines of which pro-
ject downwards, but are clear of the perforated bottom. In the
side of the vessel below the false bottom is an opening which com-
municates with a segment trough or concave channel, across which

page_text: any given number of ribs or partitions are fixed for the purpose of
forming a series of shallow receptacles, and immediately over this
channel, and in a line therewith, a rock shaft is mounted, pendent
from which is a series of rakes for raking over the surface in the
shallow receptacles.
When using this apparatus, I proceed as follows:-I throw upon
the perforated bottom the auriferous earth, and allow a stream of
water to flow thercon. I then set the harrow in motion, by
manual or other power, to keep the earth in partial suspension,
and thereby to enable the metalliferous portions which possess the
greatest specific gravity to fall through the partition to the chamber
below. By setting this apparatus on the incline I am enabled,
through the action of an overflow stream of water, to carry away
direct from the apparatus a large per centage of earthy matter;
but that portion which passes down with the gold dust is allowed
to escape through the opening in the side of the rectangular vessel
into the concave trough, and thence away. The stream of water
passing along the trough is caused to retain in suspension the
carthy matters by reason of the action of the reciprocating rakes
on the oscillating shaft, while the gold is allowed to settle in the
shallow receptacles of the trough. Instead of a traversing rake
or harrow working in a rectangular vessel, the vessel may be
round and the rake may receive an axial motion, but the result will
be in both cases the same.
AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OF MALT AND Hops
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Duke Moore at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, EDWARD DUKE MOORE, of Ranton Abbey, near Eccleshall, in
the County of Stafford, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PREPARATION OF MALT AND
Hops" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in making a preparation of malt and hops
which will keep for any reasonable length of time, and may, when
required, be made into beer with great facility.
The preparation is made in such a form as to render it pe-
culiarly applicable for families, colonists, emigrants, sea-faring
persons, and others who reside or occasionally find themselves in
countries or situations where malt and hops of good quality are
difficult to be obtained, or where the necessary convenience or
apparatus for manufacturing these ingredients into beer do not
exist.
In order to produce the improved preparation of malt and hops,
I take these ingredients in the usual proportions for making beer or

page_text: porter, and put them through the ordinary course of mashing and
brewing, and when the liquor or wort has arrived at the specific
gravity of 30 lbs per gallon by the saccharometer, I draw off the
wort into a pan, and by means of a water bath or other suitable
heat, the wort is kept at a temperature of from 170° to 190°, and is
also agitated by any suitable contrivance for the purpose of pro-
moting evaporation, which is allowed to continue four or five hours,
until the wort is brought to a density of about 180 lbs, when it will
have attained the consistency of honey or treacle, after which it may
be drawn off into tin vessels, and when cold hermetically sealed.
The hopped wort so prepared will in this manner keep any length
of time, and may be quickly made into beer, by the addition of a
suitable quantity of warm water, and allowing it to ferment in
barrels in the usual way.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PADDLE WHEEL
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Mackay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition;
on the 13th December 1852.-A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE MACKAY, of Buckingham Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PADDLE WHEEL" to be
as follows:
The objects of this Invention are, first, to cause the floats of
paddle wheels to enter and leave the water in a vertical position,
and thereby to prevent the beating of the water as the paddles
enter, and avoid the lifting of backwater as they make their
exit therefrom; and, secondly, to allow of the setting of the paddle
floats in a horizontal position when, in case of accident to the engine
or machinery, it becomes necessary to put the vessel under canvas.
In constructing this propelling apparatus, I mount the floats
between two circular frames or radial arms in such a manner that
the floats may each have an axial motion imparted to them. The
paddle wheel shaft, which carries these frames or radial arms, passes
through a hollow shaft set excentrically thereto, and forming a

page_text: central bearing for a circular frame or set of radial arms, into which
a cranked pin at the inner end of the axle of the floats takes. The
rotation, therefore, of the paddle wheel will draw round the excentric
frame, which, by its connection with the floats through their crank
rods, will cause them to stand at any given position according to
the setting of the excentric frame.
The hollow axis to which the excentric is attached has on its
outer edge a segment of a spur wheel, the radius of which is to the
centre of the main shaft; and in gear with this wheel is a pinion
which, by means of a cranked handle, is intended to act upon the
excentric, and thereby bring the paddle floats parallel with the
water, and prevent their retarding the progress of the vessel when
under canvas.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING THE SEEDS OF FLAX AND HEMP, AND ALSO IN THE TREATMENT AND PREPARATION OF FLAX AND HEMP FOR DRESSING
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Joseph John Donlan, Rugely, Stafford-
shire, Gentleman, for his Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING THE SEEDS
OF FLAX AND HEMP, AND ALSO IN THE TREATMENT AND PREPARATION OF FLAX AND
HEMP FOR DRESSING."
6 months.
Dated 10th June 1852.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Hampton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CHARLES HAMPTON, of 61, Berwick Street, St. James, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTES" to be as follows:-
These improvements consist of placing the wrest plank flat at the
top of the back; also in dispensing with what is called the bent side,
and substituting metal plate; also in using hollow sounding boards
supported by vibrating metal bars; and also in covering the upper and
end surfaces of the keys with china or porcelain, the covering parts for
each key being made in one piece.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING VIBRATION IN RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND IN AXLES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Isaac Longbottom
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th November 1852.
I, ROBERT ISAAC LONGBOTTOM, of Regent Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING VIBRATION IN RAILWAY
AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND IN AXLES," to be as follows:-
I surround the axle, the arms, and the boxes of carriages with felt,
vulcanized india-rubber, or other suitable non-conducting medium,
whereby the sound consequent on vibration is absorbed, and vibration
is prevented from being communicated to the axle and also to the
body of the carriage. Crystallization of the axles will thus generally
be entirely obviated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST METAL PIPES, RETORTS, AND OTHER HOLLOW CASTINGS
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
MOSELEY PERKINS, of Mark Lane, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighth day
of March, in the fifteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Moseley Perkins, my
exors, admiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Edward Moseley Perkins, my exors, admors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Moseley Perkins, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST METAL PIPES, RETORTS, AND
OTHER HOLLOW CASTINGS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso that I, the said Edward Moseley Perkins, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery

page_text: node herein described of making core barrels used in the manufacture of cast
netal pipes, retorts, and other hollow castings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Moseley Perkins, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
Enrolled the Eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOURING MACHINES, OR MACHINES USED BY HATTERS, FOR CAUSING THE COVERING OF HATS TO ADHERE TO THE BODY, AND FOR POLISHING THE NAP OF HATS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Talbot Tyler at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN TALBOT TYLER, of Mount Street, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Hatter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOURING MACHINES, OR MACHINES USED BY
HATTERS, FOR CAUSING THE COVERING OF HATS TO ADHERE TO THE BODY, AND
FOR POLISHING THE NAP OF HATS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in improvements in velouring machines, and
in adapting a velouring machine to the "plank" of every workman. I
make the "plank" to slide off or lift up, and to a suitable frame under
it I fix a driving wheel A, Figure 1, connected by an endless band to a
drum B, of smaller diameter. The driving wheel carries a small spindle
for the reception of a crank handle. The drum B, is also furnished with
a spindle for the reception of the block on which the hat is to be placed.
Figure 2, shews a "plank" for two men. One side with the machine ready
for working, and the other when used for the ordinary purposes in hat
making. All the workman has to do is to place the crank handle through

page_text: the aperture 1, and fit the spindle of the block on the spindle of the drum
through the aperture 2, and by communicating rotary motion with the
left hand to the crank handle a rapid motion will be communicated to
the block and hat placed upon it, and the workman will have his right
hand free to use his velour.
Instead of the hand being used steam power may be employed with
advantage where a number of machines are required to be set in
motion. Or a treadle might be adapted to give the necessary motion,
but not so advantageously.
AN IMPROVED JACQUARD MACHINE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Duchamp at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, PIERRE DUCHAMP, of N° 17, Rue du Commerce, Lyon, tem-
porarily of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, Machinist, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVED JACQUARD
MACHINE" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists,―
Firstly, in preventing the springs to be worn out and becoming
stiff by suppressing the hook box.
Secondly, in the needles terminating at the rings, thereby pre-
venting their being worn out by rust, and also avoiding the hook
sliding in their rings.
Thirdly, in constructing the hook of about 8 inches in length,
instead of 15 inches, and by causing it to work underneath the
needles instead of above them.
Fourthly, in constructing the hook with a band of iron, and
placing behind it a glass tube sliding over a string stretched by

page_text: means of brass hooks fixed to the cross piece forming the top of the
machine; and
Fifthly, in constructing the machine of about half the height of
the usual jacquard.
Bird at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents.
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bird at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents. with his Petition, on the
9th October 1852
1, JAMES BIRD, of No. 16, Orchard Street, Portman Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT" to be as follows:-
I take bluc lias limestone, of the kind found on the beach at
Aberthaw, in the county of Glamorgan, burnt and calcined carefully
into lime, crushed, ground, pulverized, and sifted, with or without lime-
stone unburnt, crushed, ground, sifted, and pulverized, and afterwards
mix it with a certain proportion of the slag, scoria, or cinder, the refuse
of the iron or copper works, or of the slag, scoria, or cinder of the iron
foundries, bell foundries, or glass works, or of sand, clay, powdered
flints or powdered glass, as the case may be. The weight, quantity,
and proportions of the before-named several substances or ingredients,
to produce the best inanufacture of cement, must be determined by
experiment in each case.
And I declare my Invention to consist in the manufacture of cement
by combining the above-named materials.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING THE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE OF AIR, STEAM, AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Leon Desbordes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 25th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CHARLES LEON DESBORDES, of Paris, in France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING THE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE OF AIR,
STEAM, AND OTHER FLUIDS" to be as follows:-
I employ a piston and cylinder and a spring to measure the pressure
of steam or other fluids in the following manner :-A diaphragm of
vulcanized caoutchouc or other suitable flexible material is placed across
the cylinder to prevent the passage of the fluid, and the piston rests
upon it. The piston is fitted loosely to the cylinder so as to move with
very little friction. A plain steel spring, supported at one or both ends,
is placed over the end of the piston, or a rod fixed to the piston, and on
this steel spring rests a lever which gives motion by a chain or wheels
or other means to an index. By employing a plain, straight, or slightly
curved spring the action of the instrument is rendered more per-
imanently correct than with any other form of spring which I have tried.

page_text: By placing a disc or piston under the caoutchouc diaphragm, and
attaching the two pistons together, with the diaphragm between them,
and attaching the end of the piston rod to the spring, the instrument
serves as both a pressure gauge and a vacuum gauge.
For measuring temperature I employ a bulb and tube filled with
mercury, air, or other fluid, and connected by its tube to an instrument
similar to that above described. The dilatation of the fluid with changes
of temperature is thus measured.
Another form of thermometer consists in the application of a bulb
and tube having a shallow circular box at the end of the tube, which is
covered by a flat or slightly dished or curved plate of copper or steel or
other metal. A lever rests upon this plate, and gives motion to an
index as in the first instrument.
Another form of pressure gauge consists of a shallow box covered
with a diaphragm of vulcanized caoutchouc or other similar flexible
material, upon which rests a flat plate of steel which serves as a spring,
and which completely covers the flexible diaphragm. The motion of
the plate is communicated to an index as before.
Another form of vacuum gauge consists of a shallow box covered
with a flat or dished metallic or other diaphragm attached to a simple
flat steel spring which supports it. The index is moved as before.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN REAPING MACHINES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Andrew Jeffrey, of Chirnside, in the County of
Berwick, Scotland, Blacksmith, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REAPING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Andrew Jeffrey at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 25th November 1852.
I, ANDREW JEFFREY, of Chirnside, in the County of Berwick, Scot-
land, Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING MACHINES" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a peculiar combination of mechanism,
mounted in a framework or moveable carriage, by means of which a set
of scythes, fixed on a horizontal ring, are made to operate upon the corn
or plant to be reaped, contained within the interstices of a set of
prongs, the corn or other plant as it is reaped by the scythes being
picked up by a revolving rake and delivered at the opposite side of the
machine.
In order to carry my Invention into effect, I adapt and employ a
frame or carriage supported on two main wheels, the fore part of the
same, to which horses may be attached, resting upon two smaller guide

page_text: wheels. To the lower part of the main portion of the frame or carriage
is secured a strong ring, in which are inserted a set of prongs, each
formed with an upper and lower jaw, having a space between them
admitting of the horizontal action of the scythes therein. The scythes
are prevented from choking by means of upper and lower guards. The
horizontal ring containing the scythes is, by means of a set of oblique
arms and a boss, mounted upon a vertical shaft turning in suitable
bearings in the framework, and driven by means of a bevilled wheel
and pinion by the horizontal shaft of the main wheels of the frame or
carriage.
The rake for gathering the corn as it is reaped, consisting of a set
of oblique arms with teeth fixed upon them at intervals, is keyed by
means of a boss on to a vertical hollow shaft fitting over the above-named
vertical shaft and supported by a frame. The said above-named vertical
shaft gives motion through ordinary spur gear and an intermediate
shaft to the said vertical hollow shaft, and thus causes the rake to
revolve. The machine or carriage with the prongs and scythes may be
raised or depressed by means of a lever having the two guide wheels for
its fulcrum.
A NEW OR IMPROVED FABRIC OR TEXTURE WHICH MAY BE USED FOR MAKING MANTLES, BONNETS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FEMALE ATTIRE
Year: 1852

page_text: Quinchez at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 22nd December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CELESTINE DENIS VEUVE QUINCHEZ, of No. 35, Rue Bourbon
Villeneuve, in Paris, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED FABRIC OR TEXTURE WHICH MAY BE
USED FOR MAKING MANTLES, BONNETS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FEMALE
ATTIRE" to be as follows:
The improved fabric or texture is composed of a warp and a
weft or woof, consisting partly of ribbon and partly of silk chenille
of various colors.
The warp
and woof composed of these materials are arranged
and combined in such a manner that the fabric when manufactured
shall present a checked appearance; in other words, the face of the
fabric will consist of a number of squares, formed by the crossing of
the different materials arranged at suitable distances apart, say
from half an inch to an inch and a half square according to the
width of the ribbon employed. The chenille warp appears on one

page_text: side merely at the point of junction where it is connected with the
chenille weft, and vice versa, the chenille woof appears on the other
side merely at the points where it binds in the chenille warp. The
ribbon warp and weft, of whatever color they may be, cross each
other, and are separated by the chenille, which appears on both
sides.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COVERINGS FOR WALLS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elisha Thomas Archer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 4th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ELISHA THOMAS ARCHER, of Oxford Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Paper Stainer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COVERINGS FOR
WALLS" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the covering of walls with
silk or other like hangings. According to the present plan the opera-
tion of covering walls with woven fabrics is tedious, and demands con-
siderable skill from the workman, the joining of the widths being a
matter of great nicety; but by my Invention I am enabled to put up
woven fabrics with the same facility as common paper hangings, and
also to effect a great economy in the manufacture and novelty in the
appearance of the fabric itself. I first weave a light material of silk or
other suitable fibrous substance, with or without a pattern or device,
using the gummy matter ordinarily employed in the manufacture of
flock paper hangings, and afterwards apply flock dust in any suitable

page_text: manner thereto. If the pattern is well distributed over the fabric the
gummy matter will cause the silk to adhere to and close against the
paper at a variety of points, but having isolated portions unattached.
The silken or other woven fabric will thus take the appearance of
quilting. When a more perfect kind of quilting is required, this may
be obtained by interposing between the woven fabric and the paper a
thin bat of cotton. The gummy matter, when printed on the silken
surface, will sink through to the paper, and a close adherence at parts
will be obtained, while at other parts the fabric will stand out and pro-
duce the quilted effect. When this effect is not required the whole
back surface of the woven fabric is attached to the paper, and made to
lic flat against it.
The woven fabric, when mounted on paper, may be hung with the
same facility as ordinary paper hangings, and the strength it receives
from the paper will admit of a much lighter material being applied to
the purpose than heretofore.
It will be obvious that the woven fabric thus mounted may be
ornamented by gilding, printing in colors, or by painting, as taste or
circumstances may dictate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO PADDLE WHEELS, WINDMILLS, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hine at the. Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the e 9th
...October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.),
I, WILLIAM HINE, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Corn Factor,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO PADDLE WHEELS, WINDMILLS, AND OTHER
USEFUL PURPOSES" to be as follows:-
An arrangement: of the part or parts of machinery whereby he is
enabled to cause the floats, paddles, or propellers of the wheels of
steamers or other like machinery to retain a perpendicular or any
angular position that may be required during the revolving of the
wheel or machinery to which they are affixed. The mode whereby this
is effected will be readily seen on reference to the annexed Drawings,
of which Figure one (1,) is a front view, and Figure two (2,) a side
view of so much of the machine as is requisite to show the nature of
the Invention. Like letters refer to similar parts.

page_text: A, is the axle or driving shaft, to which is fixed B, the paddle or
driving wheel.
C, are the floats or propellers which are placed between the rims
of the wheel B, on axles working through the rims, one of which is
prolonged to allow to be formed thereon D, the crank or knee joint,
which is attatched to the guide wheel E, by crank or knee pins.
E, is a guide wheel worked round a fixed centre (which may be
cither placed perpendicular or at any required angle to the propelling
shaft), and is drawn round by the motion of the driving wheel B.
F, the fixed centre round which the guide wheel E, works, and
which is pierced so as to allow the propelling shaft A, to work
through it.
By this arrangement all the floats or paddles are kept perpendicular,
or at any angle that may be required during their revolution around the
centre of the driving shaft.
The object of this improvements may also be accoplished by con-
necting the knee joints or cranks to a circle or rim which can be kept
in the required position by fixed guides or friction rollers.
This Invention is also applicable to windmills and other useful pur-
poses; as, for instance, if a wheel on this construction was placed in such
a position that a portion of the floats or paddles C, were presented to
the propelling power (say wind or water), it would be found an effective
power machine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC-TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM BROWN, of Airdic, in the County of Lanark, Electri-
cian, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC-TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENTS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of means of giving motion to pointers by
electro magnets. The keeper or armature of each clectro magnet
moves on an axis, from which rises an arm, which carries a stop,
which is at all times between the forked end of a magnetic needle,
when the armature is attracted by the magnet, and when the needle
is also attracted and repelled by the poles of the electro magnet in
a direction according as the current of electricity is passed in one
other direction, and the needle is stopped at zero, by the pressure of
the arm of the armature being caused to press against the needle
by the spring which moves the armature. And in constructing the

page_text: alarum apparatus, there is on the escape wheel axis a tube, having a
ball therein, capable of running from end to end thereof, the effect
of which is, that when the escape wheel is released, the ball by its
gravity adds to the effect of the blow, and in being raised the ball
tends to overcome the power of the wheel.
AN IMPROVED STEAM BOILER, WATER FEEDING APPARATUS, AND FURNACE THEREFOR
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Barrington, of the City and County of
Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, and United States of America,
Gentleman, for "AN IMPROVED STEAM BOILER, WATER FEEDING APPARATUS, AND
FURNACE THEREFOR."
6 months.
Dated 15th July 1852.
THE CURE OF SMOKY CHIMNIES, AND THE PREVENTION OF ACCUMULATION OF SOOT IN FLUES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Searby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE SEARBY, of No. 9, Markham St., Chelsea, Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE CURE OF
SMOKY CHIMNIES, AND THE PREVENTION OF ACCUMULATION OF SOOT IN FLUES,"
to be as follows:-
A cap is to be fixed on the top of a chimney pot, or made as part
thereof, which cap is to contain a brush, secured from injury by yield-
ing flaps enclosing the same; the said brush to be connected with an
endless or single chain passing over a pulley within the cap.
The brush to be worked by means of a winch and rollers, both
upwards and downwards, so as to effect the purpose.
The motive power applied may be either by spring or hand with the
attatchment of a weight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OB APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SIGNALS AND SWITCHES ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jonathan Sparrow Crowley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JONATHAN SPARROW CROWLEY, of Lavender Hill, in the County
of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF OB APPARATUS FOR
WORKING THE SIGNALS AND SWITCHES ON RAILWAYS" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in working the signals on railways by means
of the flanges of the wheels of any carriage that is allowed to run
thereon. The flange of the wheels will, in passing along the rail, come
against and act on a lever which is in connection with the signal
apparatus. This signal apparatus is of the ordinary construction, and
the signal of "caution" is always kept up by means of an electro-
magnet, which will hold down the lever that works the same, but
immediately a carriage passes along the line, and allows the flange of
the wheel to strike the first-mentioned lever, the electric circuit is
broken, and the power of the electro-magnet being thereby destroyed,

page_text: the signal lever will be released, and the signal of danger will imme-
diately be brought up by a weight, and will remain up until the circuit
is again completed, and the signal lever is again brought down and
held in its place by the electro-magnet. Instead of causing the
breaking of the electric circuit to work merely a visible signal, the
apparatus may be made to act on a bell or other audible signal at
the station or other part of the line.
The switches are worked in a similar manner to the signals, with
this difference, however, in the arrangement, that is to say, the switches
or points are held in a given position by means of a powerful electro-
magnet, and the electric circuit is completed or broken, as may be
deemed most desirable, by causing the flanges of the running wheels
to come in contact with and depress a lever or arm suitably placed on
or near the line of rails, and by so doing the electric circuit will be
broken, and the switches or points may be either worked by an atten-
dant, or they may be brought into any given position by means of
weighted levers.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Powell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, SAMUEL POWELL, of 52, Regent Street, in the County of Middle-
sex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to what are called reversable garments, par-
ticularly to coats, jackets, and such like articles of dress. Heretofore,
in making what are called reversable garments, it has been usual to
employ lappels at the lower parts of the collar, on either side, which
are folded over when unbuttoned, whereby those portions of a garment,
when folded back, have been of like color and character to the interior
of the garment for the time being, which is objectionable. And my
present Invention consists of applying additional lappels, or folding
portions below the collar, whereby, on whichever side the garment is
worn for the time being, the lappels may appear different from the
interior, and generally like the exterior, or otherwise as persons may
desire, whether buttoned or turned back.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Manwaring and
Thomas Hamblin at the: Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Manwaring and
Thomas Hamblin at the: Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 4th October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, RICHARD MANWARING, of Maidstone, in the County of Kent,
Watchmaker, and THOMAS HAMBLIN, also of Maidstone, Agricultural
Labourer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS" to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist, firstly, in mounting the fore wheels of
ploughs on a cranked axle, so as to enable the wheels to adjust them-
selves to inequalities in the ground over which the plough is passing.
Secondly, in a peculiar mode of combining the coulters and share to
enable the plough to be worked as a hill side plough, and for turning
the furrow either to the right or left hand; and, thirdly, of an arrange-
ment for enabling the mould board to be adjusted to any required width
of furrow.
Figure 1, of the Drawings hereunto annexed represents a side eleva-
vation, and Figure 2, a plan of a plough so constructed as to embrace
the above improvements. A, A, is the beam, supported in front by the
fore wheels B, B. These wheels are free to turn upon the studs or

page_text: pins C, C, upon the cranks D, D, formed on the axle E. By this
means the wheels can adjust themselves to all the inequalities of the
ground, and to the slope of the hill side. F, F, are the coulters, which
are suspended from centres a, a, attached to the beam A, and are
capable of being alternately raised out of work, and suspended by the
chain b, according to the direction in which the plough is travelling on
the hill side. G, is the share, and E, the mould board, which is
adjusted to any required width of furrow by means of the screw c, and
socket d. This earth board is capable of being shifted from one side
of the plough to the other, when it is to be used for hill side ploughing.
I, is a hand wheel and screw for raising and lowering the fore wheel
to regulate the depth of furrow to be cut; J, is the drag chain; and
K, K, the handles.
ELICITING THE GAS CONCENTRATED IN NITRE AND SULPHUR, AND WHICH IS ENTITLED A GASEOUS ENGINE
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Quarterman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th December 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM QUARTERMAN, of No. 19, Whittaker Street, Pimlico,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "ELICITING THE GAS CONCENTRATED IN NITRE AND
SULPHUR, AND WHICH IS ENTITLED A GASEOUS ENGINE," to be as follows:-
To elicit, by compressed air or by a spark, the gas concentrated
in nitre and sulphur, and gunpowder and also gun cotton, or any
other detonating substance, and using such gas instead of steam for
producing motive power upon a piston, as in the ordinary steam
engine, dispensing entirely with the use of the steam boiler and its
furnace, and effectually purifying the gas from the residuum,
without evaporating the contents of the purifying chamber or
obstructing the passages.
Also for the regulation of the requisite charge or charges for
each stroke, without endangering the magazine, to produce and
arrest an instantaneous power to effectually secure the expansive
force for use, and to create the most perfect vacuum attainable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE EXTRACTION OR RENDERING OF OIL FROM FATTY OR OLEAGINOUS MATTERS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fox at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, CHARLES Fox, of Scarborough, in the County of York, Manu-
facturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE EXTRACTION OR RENDERING OF OIL FROM FATTY
OR OLEAGINOUS MATTERS " to be as follows:-
The objects of my Invention are, to extract or render seal oil in a
more economic and expeditious manner than heretofore, and to obtain
it of a uniformly sweet and pale quality. To effect this I take the seal
pelt after it has been skinned, and reduce it to a pulpy mass by means
of cutting instruments and pressing rollers, and when thus reduced,
instead of boiling it, I pack the mass in woollen or canvas bags, and
subject it to hydraulic pressure. By this means I effectually extract
the oleaginous matter from the pelt, and obtain an animal refuse appli-
cable for the purpose of manure. The oil thus obtained I run off' into
suitable vats, and treat it with pounded alum. After it has been
allowed to stand a few days to clear, the oil is drawn off, and it is
subjected to the process of refining or rectifying to fit it for the
market.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF ATTACHING METALS TO OTHER METALS
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 30th December 1852.-A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chan-
cery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby de-
clare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
ATTACHING METALS TO OTHER METALS" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to cover articles composed of
copper or other base inctals containing copper or other metals with'
silver or gold, in a more economical manner than heretofore. For
this purpose, the articles are first well cleansed to remove all dirt
and oxidation from their surface, and they are then submitted, for
from two to three hours or more, to a bath composed of sulphite of
soda and nitrate of silver. The articles are then removed from the
bath, and rinced in cold water and dried, and they are then ready
for receiving the attachment of gold or silver, as the case may be.
They are now heated to a temperature sufficient to scorch white
rag, and are then coated with leaf silver, which can afterwards be
coated with gold, or coated with gold at once. The leaf metal is

page_text: laid on by hand, and pressed down with a light dubber; those parts
of the articles most exposed to wear being furnished with a greater
thickness of the precious metals than the other parts, to increase
the durability of the articles. When the leaf metal is thus laid on,
it is subjected to the action of a wire brush, which will cause it to
penetrate the pores of the metal, now dilated by the action of the
heat; and the adhesion of the two metals being now effected, the
surface of the articles may be burnished and polished in the usual
way to fit them for the market.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING THE SURFACES OF IRON
Year: 1852

page_text: of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
October 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, MORRIS LYONS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN COATING THE SURFACES OF IRON " to be as
follows:--
I first cleanse the iron by means of vitriolic acid or any other suitable
agent, and then coat it with a thin film of copper or zinc; I afterwards
coat it with some adhesive solution, such, for instance, as sugar &
water or Venice turpentine dissolved in benzole or naptha; I then sift
on to the surface an enamel powder composed of
Pulverized flint glass in the manufacture of which
oxide of zinc has been used instead of lead
Borate of lime
} 150 parts.
95

page_text: These proportions may be varied according to circumstances, and in
some cases I use the bi-carbonate of potasse, and the bi-sulphate of
soda, instead of the carbonates & sulphates. The whole is then fused
in an ordinary enamelling oven. This forms a base to receive any
desired number of coatings, & patterns or devices may be subsequently
introduced according to taste.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Harrison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st December 1852.
I, THOMAS HARRISON, of Hough, in the County of Chester, Joiner,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM ENGINES" to be as follows: -
Firstly, an improved method of working the slide valve; and,
Secondly, an improved form or construction of the exhaust pipe.
I propose to work the slide valve by one or more pistons and
piston rods, with the requisite apparatus of connecting rods or other
suitable contrivance for connecting the same, and also a spring to
assist the motion of the said valve and make it to a certain degree
self-acting. I also work the slide valve and pump by two cranks
driven by spur wheels on the shaft and counter shaft, instead of the
eccentric as heretofore.
I also propose to add an expansion motion to the valve for the
purpose of shutting off the steam, which motion I shall work from
the fly wheel shaft or other convenient power. I form the exhaust
pipe so that the steam shall escape by two ways, instead of one as
heretofore. By these improvements, I gain power and save steam

page_text: because the friction is considerably decreased and the steam cut
shorter.
I desire it to be distinctly understood that this is only an outline
description of my said Invention, which I will more fully explain in
my Complete Specification.
STOPPING RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1852

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hawkins Nicholls
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th November 1852.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ROBERT HAWKINS NICHOLLS, of Bedford, in the County of
Bedford, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "STOPPING RAILWAY CARRIAGES" to be as follows: -
The break or stop is a loose block of wood cut to fit the periphery
of the wheel. This block is placed by a mortise upon a bar extend-
ing from one wheel to the other; an oblong hole is cut in the outside
rim of the block to let in the ends of two rods or bars. These rods
are fastened by pivots to an axle or spindle, which is placed under-
neath and across the carriages; the ends of the axles run in sockets
which are fixed at any given point between the wheels. Two lose
rods are placed on the upper and two on the under side of the axle
by pivots as before stated; the ends of these rods are put into the
holes in the block which acts as a break or stop, and by turning the
axle in its sockets these rods will force the break against the rim of
the wheels. A lever is fixed on the end or ends of the axle in a per-
pendicular direction extending up to the top of the carriage, or to

page_text: such a height as may be found necessary. A chain or connecting rod
is fixed on the top of the lever cither by a pivot or universal joint.
A similar break is put to every carriage. The connecting rods of
the carriages are joined together by a chain or other convenient
fastening along the whole line of carriages. Another lever is fixed
either to the end carriage, or to the tender, and is joined to the
connecting rods before mentioned on the top of the carriages,
coupling them all together. By the use of this lever a simulta-
neous action will take place along the whole line of carriages, and
every wheel of every carriage will have friction applied to it in
proportion to the power applied to the lever.
The improvements effected by my break consist in means being
given to the person in charge of the train, of stopping it by a simul-
taneous action upon every carriage, and giving such an amount of
friction to the rim of every wheel as will either check rotation, or
stop it altogether; thus stopping the train in less time and space
than is at present accomplished, and that without running the
carriages upon each other. The double rods will also give the
break a double action, and it will be equally efficient whichever
end of the carriage may be put first, and by additional rods
and breaks the wheels can be clasped if such be found necessary.