IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF ROLLERS TO BE USED IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING TEXTILE MATERIALS OR FABRICS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND FINISHING THE SAID MATERIALS OR FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Barclay at the Office of the.
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th November
1862.
I, JOHN BARCLAY, of the Vulcan Foundry, Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, North Britain, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF
ROLLERS TO BE USED IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING TEXTILE MATERIALS OR FABRICS,
AND IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND FINISHING THE SAID MATERIALS OR FABRICS,"
to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of certain parts
of the machinery or apparatus used for printing textile materials or fabrics.
The first part of these improvements has reference to the construction of
rollers to be used in the said printing machinery; these rollers are formed,
by preference, of cast-iron or other suitable rigid non-yielding material.
The periphery of each roller has formed in it a series of grooves of a dovetail
figure, the greatest width being at the lower part of the groove. In these
grooves are fitted lengths of wood, or the grooves may be filled with lead or a
metallic alloy, or with gutta percha, or other material suitable for affixing
thereto the printing surfaces. In lieu of these grooves, the rollers may be
made with slots or other apertures, so as to admit of slips of wood or other
suitable material, op of the engraved surfaces being affixed thereto in any con-
venient manner. These rollers are arranged to work in colour troughs, and
to convey the colour on to the yarn or fabric passing round the printing

page_text: cylinder; this portion of the machinery forms, however, no part of the present
Invention.
The rollers are arranged in a segmental figure extending round a portion
of the periphery of the printing cylinder, and on the other side of the cylinder
is fitted a roller covered with flannel or other suitable material, which serves
to brush the surface of the cylinder, and remove therefrom any colour which
may adhere to it; this brushing roller is fitted below the surface of the cloth
or yarn which is passing off from the upper part of the cylinder. If required,
the roller may be caused to rotate in a trough of water in order to cleanse
more effectually the surface of the cylinder. In some cases, another and
corresponding roller and trough may be fitted below, so that the cylinder is
submitted to a second cleansing process before the unprinted yarn or cloth
passes on to it, and each roller is fitted with a "doctor" or scraper to remove
the moisture which the roller carries on to the cylinder. As the yarn or cloth
is carried off from the cylinder it passes through a drying apparatus, which
constitutes the second part of this Invention, and consists of a series of
rollers arranged in pairs one above another. The yarn is carried up and
down over and beneath these rollers, so as to present an extended surface to
the action of the heat; this is obtained either by means of a series of steam
pipes passing between the convolutions of the yarn or cloth, or by means of
steam boxes arranged in a corresponding manner. A fan wheel or blower is
placed in convenient proximity to the yarn or cloth, the motion of which serves
to drive off the moisture and facilitate the drying operation. In lieu of steam
pipes or boxes, the drying may be effected by means of a current of heated
air obtained by forcing air through a red-hot pipe, and causing the current to
be distributed over the yarn or cloth.
From the drying cylinder the yarn is passed through a kind of reed, to
which a lateral reciprocatory movement is imparted, so as to cause the yarn
to be carried to and fro a given distance, and be laid evenly on the beam.
From the reed the yarn after passing over and under three lease rods is
carried over a breast beam at the extremity of the machine and down to the
beam on which it is wound. The passing of the yarn over the beam has the
effect of flattening the yarn to a certain extent, which causes it to wind more
evenly upon the beam than if it were passed round a roller in the usual
way.