IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COVERING YARNS OR OTHER CORES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Orange, of Nottingham, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COVERING YARNS OR OTHER
CORES."
Sealed the 19th February 1856, and dated the 21st August 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Orange at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
August 1855.
I, JAMES ORANGE, of Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COVERING YARNB OR
OTHER CORES" to be as follows:-
used, which is carried by and
rotating motion by a band
Through the hollow spindle
This Invention has for its object a peculiar combination of apparatus for
covering yarns, threads, or fibres, or other cores with silk or other fibrous yarn
or thread. For this purpose a hollow spindle is
turns in suitable bearings; this spindle receives
acting on a grooved pulley, or by other means.
the yarn, thread, or other form of core which is to be covered is passed. The
spindle has fixed on it a disc, which carries as many pins as there are to be
covering threads, yarns, or fibres employed; on the pins are placed conical

page_text: barrels, on which the covering yarns, threads, or fibres are wound. On the
hollow spindle and beyond the ends of the conical barrels is fixed a disc, with
as many holes through it as there are covering yarns, threads, or fibres, and
beyond this disc is another disc, which is also perforated with holes for the
passage of the covering yarns, threads, or fibres. By this arrangement, as
the core is progressively moved through the hollow spindle, the rotation of the
spindle causes. the covering threads, yarns, or fibres to be laid around the core,
and the inclination of the covering yarns, threads, or fibres will depend on the
speed at which the core is moved through the spindle and the speed of rotation
of the hollow spindle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Orange in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st February 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
ORANGE, of Nottingham, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said James Orange, Her special licence that I, the said James Orange,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Orange, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR COVERING YARNS OR OTHER CORES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James Orange, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Orange, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof:-
yarn
This Invention has for its object a peculiar combination of apparatus for
covering yarns, threads, or fibres, or other cores with silk or other fibrous
or thread. For this purpose a hollow spindle is used, which is carried by and
turns in suitable bearings; this spindle receives rotatory motion by a band acting
on a grooved pulley, or by other means. Through the hollow spindle the yarn,
thread, or other form of core which is to be covered is passed. The spindle
has fixed on it a disc, which carries as many pins as there are to be covering
threads, yarns, or fibres employed; ou the pins are placed conical barrels, on
which the covering yarns, threads, or fibres are wound. On the hollow spindle
and beyond the ends of the conical barrels is fixed a disc, with as many holes
through it as there are covering yarns, threads, or fibres, and beyond this disc
is another disc, which is also pereforated with holes for the passage of the
covering yarns, threads, or fibres. By this arrangement, as the core is pro-
gressively moved through the hollow spindle, the rotation of the spindle
causes the covering threads, yarns, or fibres to be laid around the core, and
the inclination of the covering yarns, threads, or fibres will depend on the
speed at which the core is moved through the spindle and the speed of rotation
of the hollow spindle.
.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe more fully the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a side view of a spindle and apparatus, arranged or com-
bined according to my Invention; Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 show some of the
parts separately. a is the hollow spindle, having its bearings at b, b, and the
cap or cover of such bearing is made to clip the spindle so as readily to stop
its rotation in case of any of the threads or yarns breaking or on their being
used up; this clipping is obtained by the handle and screw c, c. The spindle
receives motion by a band acting on the pulley d, as shown in the other Figures
of the. Drawings hereafter referred to. e is a disc, having pins f to receive
conical barrels g, on which is wound the covering silk or fibre; the arrange-
inent shown is for four barrels g, but this may be varied. h and i are discs,
fixed to the spindle, each having as many splits and holes therein as there are
covering threads, yarns, or fibres used. The core of material to be covered
passes through the spindle a, and is not twisted in the process. The object of
the Invention is to cover cotton or other cores with a superior material, such

page_text: as silk, or it may be other fibre, and the size of the core and the quantity and
quality of the covering fibres will be varied, according to the effect desired to
be obtained; and it is not necessary that the covering fibres should all be of
one color or of the same material, as it will be evident that the workman may
vary the nature and colors of the materials used, according to the object he
has to accomplish.
And I would here state that I do not claim as new the covering of cores of
one class of fibres by other fibres, as that has been done before, my Invention
simply consisting of a new combination of mechanism for effecting this object
more advantageously. Figure 7 shows a part of a front view of a machine in
which several of such apparatus as above described are combined with suitable
mechanism into a machine; Figures 8 and 9 are two end views of the machine.
j,j, are the bobbins on which the cores k are wound; these cores, as before
mentioned, pass through the spindles a, and as it is drawn forward and wound
on to the bobbins 1, 1, the covering threads, yarns, or fibres are coiled thereon
by the rotation of the spindles a. The finished threads or covered cores are
distributed uniformly on the bobbins 1, 1, by the traversing bar m, as is well
understood. n is the main or driving shaft, which receives motion from a steam
engine or other power, and from it by suitable gearing motion is communi-
cated to the other parts of the machinery. On this main shalf is a cylinder o,
which by bands p give motion to the pulleys d, fixed on the spindles a. On
the main shaft is fixed the pinion q, which takes into and drives the cog wheel
q', on the axis of which is the pinion q³, by changing which the relative speeds
of these parts may be varied. The pinion q³ takes into and gives motion to the
cog wheel q³, on the axis of which is fixed the pinion g*, which takes into and
drives the cog wheel q', which gives motion to the axle r, on which there are
as many cog wheels as there are bobbins 7, and each bobbin is placed on
an axle on which there is a pinion 97, by which means all the bobbins 7 receive
motion from the axle r. On the axle r is a pulley s, which by a band s¹ gives
motion to a pulley on the axle t, on which there are fixed a series of connected
rollers v. On the rollers v rest rollers u, as shown.. The traversing bar m
distributes the covered cores equally over the surfaces of the bobbins l. The
covered cores as they come between the rollers v, u, pass around the rollers u,
and again between them, and thence over the bar w, of glass or other suitable
material.
.
}
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to the
mechanical parts separately, nor do I confine myself to the precise details; but

page_text: what I claim is, the mode herein described of combining and applying the
hollow spindles a with the parts connected therewith for covering yarns and
other cores.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Orange, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
JAMES ORANGE. (L.S.)