Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 16th Sept., 1887.
We, HULDA WEBER, and RUPERT SCHEFBAUER, of the Electro-technic Institute,
18 Kaulbachstrasse, Dresden, Saxony, in the Empire of Germany, Electricians, do
bereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of our invention is to effect improvements in the method of feeding
carbons in electric arc lamps.
This arc lamp differs essentially from those heretofore constructed, inasmuch as,
first, it is not what is called a "free fall lamp," that is to say, a lamp in which the
weight of the upper carbon holder overcomes that of the lower, whereby, when the
current is not passing, the upper carbon sinks automatically, and thereby simultaneously
raises the lower carbon. Secondly, the upper as well as the lower carbons are not
actuated by the power of a spiral spring. And, thirdly, the lamp is void of all
clockwork and band connections, as well as of long racks or guiding rods, which
require the upper structure of the lamp to be of such a length or height as to equal
the united length of the two carbons.
By means of our improvements it is possible to construct a lamp which, with its
super-structure does not exceed 28 inches in height Our improved lamp is also
capable of operating in any position, whether horizontally, vertically, or otherwise,
and with the controlling mechanism at either end, and which under the influence of
vibrations, shocks, or other disturbing operations, such as arise upon locomotive
engines, and on board ship, and otherwise; will not interfere with the quiet burning
of the lamp.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a front view, (partly in section), of our improved lamp. Fig. 2 is a plan
view of the upper part. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the two electro-magnets, d d', and
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are detail views and sections.
The lamp may be treated as consisting of two parts: first, the apparatus for
operating or propelling the carbons, and establishing the arc light, and, secondly, the
guiding mechanism connecting the two carbon holders by means of an endless band.

page_text: The first portion of the apparatus serves to effectually and accurately propel the
carbons, according to the consumption, by means of the lever A, operating in a similar
manner to that of Nief's hammer, and which is subjected to an oscillating motion by
the electro-magnets in derivation, bb', whereby the friction roller a imparts a rotary
motion to the iron disc c, in one direction only. This disc is fixed to the axle which
carries the worin », such worm gearing with the worm wheel i, fixed to the chain
wheel is a loose chain wheel of the same diameter as f. The wheels and f
carry the endless chain u, which is kept in tension by the beam S, fitted with wheels v vl
and spring z, as shewn in Fig. 1.
The endless chain u is driven by the chain wheel, and this chain propels the two
carbon holders g g', attached thereto. The propulsion proceeds uninterruptedly, and
is controlled, as to speed, by the intensity of the current required, and by the tension
produced by the length of the arc light, and also by the consumption of the carbons,
suitable to the required candle power of the lamp.
For the establishment of the are light, the two electro-magnets d d', placed in the
main circuit, are provided, and fitted with the armature o o¹, having an enlarged
centre, immediately above the iron disc c and worm r. As soon as the current passes
through the chief magnets, which occurs when the two carbons come into contact, the
magnets become so magnetized at the poles that they lift up the disc c with the screw r.
This action causes the worm to act upon the worm wheel i as a rack and pinion,
moving the worm wheel in the reverse direction, whereby the carbons are separated
from each other. When the arc becomes too great, the magnets in derivation, b b²,
come into action, and propel the carbons by means of the lever A and roller pawl a;
each motion of the arms A A towards the magnets 66 propelling the two carbons
towards each other, equally, and simultaneously. In order to ensure the progressive
rotation of the disc e, by means of the oscillation of the lever A, the disc is fitted with
a spring brake j, fixed at the side of the armature, in such a manner that, during the
backward motion of the lever, the disc c is held stationary by the brake, and the
friction roller a recedes from the disc owing to the inclined surface of the fixed pawl.
The opposite motion of the lever causing the roller a to become jammed against the
disc c and thereby drive the same, in a manner well understood.
The second part of the invention consists in the guidance and propulsion of the
carbons by means of the endless chain and the two carbon holders. The chain is
connected to and insulated from the first carbon holder g, passing through the slotted
guiding tubes, round the rollers v' and v, and is carried to and insulated from the
second carbon holder g', whence it passes through the other slotted guiding tubes,
over the chain wheels, and returning to the first carbon holder g. The guiding
tubes s s are well insulated at each end, as shewn in section in Fig. 1.
In order to separate the two carbon holders, for the purpose of fixing fresh carbons,
an eccentrically mounted pin y is fitted to a disc and movable key y'. The eccentric
pin lifts the forked carrier w, (shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 1) which pivots upon the
centre w², whereby the worm wheel is thrown out of gear with the worm, and
consequently the chain and carbon holders can be moved to any convenient position.
By returning the eccentric to its normal position, the worm wheel gears with the
thread of the worm r, and the chain is then again operated upon as before described.
Fig. 4 is a separate plan view of the lever A, disc C, roller pawl and poles b b¹;
and Fig. 5 is an elevation of the same.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of one of the carbon holders.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :-
1. In combination with apparatus for feeding the carbons in electric arc lamps, the
application and use of insulated carbon holders g g', attached to an endless chain u,
passing over chain wheels ff and rollers v¹, guided by slotted tubes s s¹; severally
operating substantially as herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
2. In combination with apparatus as aforesaid, the utilisation of the intermittent
motion of the lever A, operating upon the disc c, whereby the latter is caused to rotate

page_text: ;
in one direction only, by means of the roller pawl a and brake spring j, driving the
worm and worm wheel i; thus causing the carbon points to approach each other
and also utilising the result of the current passing through the magnets & d¹ and
raising the disc c and worm by the armature oo, thereby reversing the motion of
the worm wheel and separating the carbon points, substantially as herein before
described and shewn on the drawings.
3. In combination with apparatus as aforesaid, the application and use of the
disengaging appliances, consisting of the forked carrier e, pivotting upon the centre w²
operating substantially as herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
4. The general construction, combination and arrangement of the several and
respective parts, together forming our improvements in electric arc lamps, substantially
as herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for the Applicants.