matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR BLOCK PRINTING AND SURFACE COLORING AND GROUNDING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1879. (A
communication from Adam Hoehl, of Dresden, Germany.)
"
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. v
Nawrocki, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Patent Agents. IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR BLOCK PRINTING AND SURFACE COLORING AND GROUNDING." (A
communication from Adam Hoehl, of Dresden, Germany.)
With the block printing machines as at present in use the color is generally
taken from the color box to the printing roller by means of an endless felt cloth.
This cloth passes over three or four small guide rollers, and travels at the same
speed as the as the printing roller. By the contact of the printing roller with the
endless cloth the color which the cloth takes from the color box is transferred to
the printing roller. This method has the disadvantage that the endless cloth is
liable frequently to leave the middle of the rollers and to move from one side to the
other. To keep the cloth in its proper place the spindles of the guide rollers over
which it passes have to be frequently adjusted, thus requiring a great deal of time
and attention. The object of this Invention is to obviate these disadvantages.
This Invention consists in the employment of an elastic roller covered with felt
or other suitable material, by means of which the color is taken from the color box
to the block printing roller without the intermission of an endless felt cloth as now
generally used, thereby dispensing with the endless cloth and the rollers which
guide it.
This Invention is also applicable to surface coloring and grounding machines.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTER SCOTCH SQUARES AND OTHER CONDIMENTS OF A LIKE CHARACTER
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jarman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1879.
"
JOHN JARMAN, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Confectioner. AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTER SCOTCH SQUARES AND
OTHER CONDIMENTS OF A LIKE CHARACTER."
The object of this Invention is by the means hereinafter described to manu-
facture in an improved manner those kinds of condiments mentioned in the title,
and other sweets of a similar kind which are required to have an even or definite
shape and outline.
My improved apparatus consists substantially of a series of metal moulds, all of
an equal size and description, together with a series of loose metal plates as herein-
after described.
The moulds may be of any desired shape, but upon the bottom or bed plate is
placed another or raised plate smaller in size than the first named, and having
impressed on its surface the name or design required to be reproduced on the
condiment. At one end of this metal mould is attached a raised side or "nib" as
it is technically called, and several of these moulds being placed against each other
longitudinally, the nib of one forms the longitudinal boundary of the next or
adjoining mould, and so on through the series.
A series of loose metal plates of an equal height to the nib of the moulds is then
provided, and these being placed at right angles to the nibs form the vertical
boundary of the moulds.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARPET STRETCHERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Freakes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd August 1879.
RICHARD FREAKES, of No. 3, Sackville Street, Southsea, in the County of
Southampton, Carpet Planner. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARPET STRETCHERS."
My Invention relates to an appliance to be used for stretching carpets on floors,
and consists of an apparatus composed of two levers connected by a link, one of
which levers is to be placed on the floor close to the wall or between the edge of
the carpet and the wall, and is provided at its lower end with a double point or
claw by which it lays hold of the floor, forming a fulcrum towards which the edge
of the carpet is drawn.
The other lever is provided at its lower extremity with a horizontal row of points
or teeth which penetrate the carpet, and hold it while it is being stretched to the
point at which it is required to be nailed down.
The two levers are connected at a short distance from their lower ends by a curved
link which is strongly jointed to each so as to allow the levers to move freely in a
vertical plane.
The upper ends of the levers terminate in handles by which the apparatus is used
and actuated, and the levers are slightly curved so as to enable them to be easily
brought into the positions required.
In using the stretcher the claw of the first mentioned lever is placed on and
pressed into the floor close to the wall, and is held with the handle inclining away
from the wall towards the operator; the other lever is placed on and the points at
the bottom of it pressed into the carpet, and the handle of it is then drawn back-
wards towards the operator, and the handle of the first mentioned lever pushed
towards the wall into a more nearly vertical position by which the lower
extremities of the levers are brought towards each other, and the edge of the
carpet is forcibly drawn towards the edge of the room, and can be at once nailed
down.
If the edge of the carpet is too far from the wall to be thus brought up at onco
it may be done in two operations, the claw being placed the first time at a con-
venient point between the carpet and the wall.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Leerhoff Müller at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th August 1879. A communication
from abroad by Adolph Mestern, General Director, of Wilhelmshütte bei
Sprottau, in the Empire of Germany.
HENRY LEERHOFF MÜLLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES." [A communication from abroad by Adolph
Mestern, General Director, of Wilhelmshütte bei Sprottau, in the Empire of
Germany.]
The said Invention has reference to steam engines of the kind known as "the
Corliss engine," and the said Invention consists of the improvements, herein after
described, in the positon of the governor and in the construction of the gearing
connected therewith for the purpose of actuating the valves of the said engines.
The governor is placed symmetrically between the valves and acts upon two
light adjustable rods by which its action is transmitted to the throw out levers of
the inlet valves, and by this arrangement the double angular levers of the gear
usually employed are dispensed with. A very slight motion of the throw out lever
is sufficent to interrupt the connection between the levers of the inlet valve and
the light rods referred to, and immediately this connection is interrupted the air
buffer of the valve gear comes into action and at once closes the inlet valve
belonging to it.
The connection of the air buffer and of the mechanical parts of the inlet valve
consists of a straight rod required solely for drawing, and saves a greater number
of draw rods and levers.
The throwing out is done so suddenly and with so little loss of time that the
number of revolutions of the shaft, and the speed of the piston may be increased
beyond that of engines of the ordinary construction, without interfering in any
way with the working of the valve motion and of the variable expansion gear.
By placing the governor between the valves as described it is more easy of access
than when in the ordinary position. The governor is driven from the main shaft
by belts and pulleys and bevil wheels.
These wheels are placed in closed cast iron cases, one of which also serves for
receiving the pivot of the excentric disc.
The essence of the said Invention consists in the symmetrically placing of the
governor in "Corliss" engines and the mechanism for transmitting the action of the
lift
gear of the governor to the throw out levers of the inlet valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETTING MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th January 1879.
A com-
munication from abroad by Jacob Lorillard, of the City, County, and State of
New York, United States of America.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETTING MACHINES." [A communication
from abroad by Jacob Lorillard, of the City, County, and State of New York,
United States of America.]
This Invention relates to machines for rivetting boiler plates and other work and
consists of a tool fitted as a piston in a cylinder so as to be reciprocated by steam,
compressed air, or other fluid, and carrying a suitably formed hammer face or head
for either flat or cone rivetting.
The cylinder corresponds generally in construction to cylinders of reciprocating
steam engines, and is provided with the usual ports and exhaust passages. The
valves are contained within the valve chest, to which the steam or compressed air
will be supplied by flexible hose or other pipe that will permit the manipulation of
the tool and cylinder and admission of the steam, or will be regulated by cocks
under control of the operator. The piston or tool projects at one end of the cylinder
through a stuffing box. Its head is contained within the cylinder and is in the form
of a solid plunger somewhat longer than its diameter. To prevent injury to the
cylinder heads by knocking of the piston elastic cushions of rubber are provided at
the ends of the cylinder against which the head can strike. Upon the outer end of
the tool the hammer head or face is connected in such manner as to permit of its
ready removal and the substitution of another to replace a worn face or one of
different character. Attached to and projecting from the head of the cylinder con-
tiguous to the tool is a tube that carries upon its outer end a holding finger that is
projected and held by pressure of a spiral spring contained in said tube. This finger
is adapted for holding the tool in position, and when used will be entered in the
rivet hole of the plate next to the rivet that is to be headed, but when not required
the tube and finger may be detached from the cylinder.
The apparatus is adapted for handling and manipulation by the workman, and
the hammer head can be used for holding the rivet with the required pressure or
reciprocated to give the blow.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Edward Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on, the 20th August 1879.
THOMAS EDWARD WILSON, of Lille, in the Republic of France, Engineer.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING."
"
'IM-
My Invention relates to ring throstles, and particularly to the ring apparatus of
such throstles, and to the corresponding apparatus in other machinery for spinning
or doubling. In the ordinary ring throstle the yarn passes to the spindle through
a traveller which is mounted upon a ring shaped carrier. In lieu of this arrange-
ment I pass the yarn over the outer edge of a ring, which is loosely mounted in an
annular recess in a frame, which takes the place of the ordinary so-called ring. As
the spindle revolves the said ring is free to be carried around within the said recess
by the yarn. The said frame consist of two annular or suitably shaped parts,
which can be separated for the insertion of the ring. One part may be attached to
the other by means of screws, or by a bayonet joint, or in any suitable manner.
A slit or saw-gate to admit of the passage of the yarn is formed in the said frame.
The said slit should be so inclined with respect to the direction of rotation of the
spindle, as that there shall not be a tendency for the yarn to enter such slit during
the spinning operation. The said ring may be formed of steel, brass, bronze, or
other suitable metal or material. They may be conveniently formed by stamping
or punching them from sheet steel, and when so formed they may be hardened and
tempered and suitably polished or burnished.
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF NECKED AND OTHER BOTTLES, JARS, OR VESSELS FOR CONTAINING GASEOUS, FERMENTED, and other LiquIDS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Roger Purssell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th June 1879.
JOHN ROGER PURSSELL, of No. 172, Blackfriars Road, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer. "IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF NECKED AND OTHER BOTTLES, JARS, OR
VESSELS FOR CONTAINING GASEOUS, FERMENTED, and other LiquIDS."
The object of this Invention is to nuke cast iron bottles for holding gaseous,
fermented, and other liquids, such as mineral waters, aerated drinks, beers, and the
like, in two or more pieces, which when screwed, braised, or otherwise secured
together form a perfect bottle.
For the purpose of my Invention I cast the body and the bottom in one piece,
and the neck and shoulder in another picce; I then anneal these in the ordinary
way of annealing cast iron, and form a screw thread upon the inside of the upper
part of the body and a corresponding thread upon the shoulder portion of the neck,
that when the two are put together and screwed up a bottle is formed. The cast
iron may be glazed or otherwise protected from injurious action upon the liquids
placed in such bottles. Instead of the connection of the two pieces being at the
shoulder portion it may be at the bottom, in which case the neck and body would
be (preferably) in one piece or casting.
The mouth portion may be of any shape for the reception of corks or for stoppers
of other kinds.
I have referred to necked bottles, but the casting is equally applicable to open
ended bottles, jars, and like vessels for containing liquids.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ' GOVERNORS' FOR STEAM ENGINES OR OTHER MOTORS."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Blackett Haigh at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th February 1879.
WILLIAM BLACKETT HAIGH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster.
IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ' GOVERNORS' FOR STEAM ENGINES OR
OTHER MOTORS."
"
Upon the upright governor spindle I place loosely a hollow globe capable of
sliding vertically thereon, the said vertical motion being limited by means of a
pin or cotter which passes through a vertical slot in the governor spindle.
The hollow globe is not perfectly sperical, being slightly elongated vertically. It
is made in two parts fastened together by screwing or otherwise.
The lower part is made with two bosses projecting internally (diametrically
opposite to each other), and into each of these bosses is screwed or fixed a piu, the
inner end of which is just clear of the governor spindle.
On each of these pins is hung the boss of a bent lever, the lower arm of
which passes out through a slot in the hollow globe and terminates in a ball or
weight.
The levers are so cranked that the two balls are diametrically opposite to each
other, one on each side of the spindle.
The upper arms of the levers are jointed (each by a short link) to a block fixed
by a pin to the governor spindle inside the upper half of the globe. The lower
half of the globe is formed with a short boss or sleeve provided with a neck which
is embraced by the fork of the throttle valve lever.
It will thus be seen that the balls are free to fly out in a centrifugal direction as
the governor spindle revolves, and that as they fly out their upper arms not being
free to rise (as they are held by the links attached to the fixed block) the levers
will lift their centre pins vertically; and as the latter are screwed into the globe it
will rise with them and thus give the required closing motion to the throttle
valve.
On the diminution of the speed of the governor spindle the balls in collapsing will
lower the centre pins of the levers and thus bring down the globe and effect the
opening of the throttle valve.
A REVERSIBLE TOASTING IRON
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd December 1879. A com-
munication from abroad by Cyrus G. Stafford, of Eureka, County of Humboldt,
and State of California, in the United States of America.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. 'A REVERSIBLE TOASTING IRON." A com-
munication from abroad by Cyrus G. Stafford, of Eureka, County of Humboldt, and
State of California, in the United States of America.
This Invention relates to an improved device for toasting bread by the action of
horizontally radiated heat, and it consists of a plate with projecting wires or rack
for holding bread. This plate is mounted upon a second plate at the end of a
handle, so as to be reversible horizontally, or about a vertical pivot or axis; the rack
is also made adjustable to or from the fire by being moved upon its supporting frame,
and the whole apparatus is provided with hooks or other suitable attaching device by
which it may be supported from a grate front.
The supporting plate may in its simplest form of construction be secured to the
handle, arms, or bars, but I have found it preferable to make the rack adjustable to
or from the fire.
The operation will be as follows:-The bread or other substanco to be toasted is
placed in slices edgewise between the rack wires and the device held before the fire
until one side is sufficiently cooked. It is then withdrawn, and the plate is turned
upon its axis thus presenting the opposite side of the bread to the heat without in
any way turning the handle. The whole forms a simple and effective toasting iron.
When the rack is made adjustable it may be withdrawn by turning the slide back
until the rack can be reversed after which it may be moved towards the fire as far
as desired. The hooks or clamps hold the apparatus in the most suitable position
when it is used with a grate, and the necessity for constant attention or holding is
avoided.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF BLEACHING AMBER, COPAL, AND OTHER LACS AND VARNISHES, USEFUL ALSO IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF VARNISH
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Guy Wilson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th February 1879. A communication
from abroad by Doctor Ernst Schrader and Otto Dumeke, both of Königsberg,
Prussia, in the Empire of Germany.
JOHN GUY WILSON, of the Office for British & Foreign Patents, 71, Market
Street, in the City of Manchester. "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF BLEACHING
AMBER, COPAL, AND OTHER LACS AND VARNISHES, USEFUL ALSO IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF VARNISH." A communication from abroad by Doctor Ernst Schrader
and Otto Dumcke, both of Königsberg, Prussia, in the Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to a new or improved method of bleaching lacs or varnishes,
and to the preparation of varnish from linseed oil. In carrying out the Invention
the lacs or varnishes when composed of solutions of amber, copal, and other resins
in turpentine oil are exposed to the influence of ozone, either in flat vessels by
conducting a current of ozoned air over its surface, or by drawing or forcing ozoned
air through the same when confined in high and narrow vessels. By thus exposing
such varnish to the action of atmospheric air and day-light they become effectually
bleached, and in this manner totally dark colored varnishes are bleached in a. few
days.
In the manufacture of bleached varnish from linseed oil the process is as follows:-
The linseed oil is first mixed with a small per cent. of finished varnish, and is then
exposed in suitable high and narrow vessels to a flow of ozoned air, which is forced
through the whole height of the oil column by suction or force pump, the oil vessels
being warmed during the operation by means of steam. In a short time the
original linseed oil is transformed into a ripidly drying varnish of a clear color.
The small amount of finished varnish mixed with it in the begining serves to
attract the oxygen.
Such is the affinity of the turpentine oil and the linseed oil for oxygen in the
above mentioned processes that the same acts as a drying medium, and in a short
time serves to transform the varnish into a solid body, and in this manner owing
to its quickly drying properties turpentine oil varnish may be used in place of
richer and more expensive varnish, seeing that the turpentine oil which has served
as a means of solution does not evaporate with the use of the varnish, but is trans-
formed as well as the linseed oil prepared with ozone into a solid body.
The ozone used in the before mentioned processes can be produced in any suit-
able way, or ozoned oxygen may be substituted.
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR TREATING THE SILK PRODUCED BY ANTHEREA PAPHIA, COMMONLY CALLED OR KNOWN AS THE TUSSAH OR TUSSORE SILK WORM, AND UPON OTHER WILD SILKS OTHER THAN THE ORDINARY SILK PRODUCED BY BOMBYX MORI, WHEREBY SUCH SILKS ARE CAPABLE OF RECEIVING PRINTED DESIGNS AND COLOURS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wardle at the Office of the
. Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1879.
"AN
THOMAS WARDLE, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Dyer and Printer.
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR TREATING THE SILK PRODUCED BY ANTHEREA PAPHIA,
COMMONLY CALLED OR KNOWN AS THE TUSSAH OR TUSSORE SILK WORM, AND UPON
OTHER WILD SILKS OTHER THAN THE ORDINARY SILK PRODUCED BY BOMBYX MORI,
WHEREBY SUCH SILKS ARE CAPABLE OF RECEIVING PRINTED DESIGNS AND
COLOURS."
In cleaning and preparing the cloth and other fabrics made or manufactured of
the said Tussah or Tussore, and other wild silks other than the ordinary silk
produced by bombyx mori, so as to prepare them for printing thereon in all shades
of color by means of aniline and other artificial coloring matters, the various dye-
woods, cochineal, indigo, and such colors as are generally used in dyeing and
printing; I prepare the said silks by subjecting them by immersion to the action
of detergent alkalies, such as potash, soda, ammonia, and soap, and afterwards I
neutralize the foregoing alkalies and soap by the application of a suitable acid; I
then well wash the silk in water to get rid of the salts, and with them the
impurities in the silk, after which the silk may be dried and printed on. If it is
desired to have the silk of a lighter colour than its natural colour, it may be
bleached after the final washing by a bleaching process.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS.
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Scudamore Sellon and Henry
Edmunds at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May
1879.
JOHN SCUDAMORE SELLON, of Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Metallurgist, and HENRY EDMUNDS, of the same Place, Engineer. " IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS.".
The object of this Invention is to obtain induced currents of electricity (by the
aid of rotating magnets), that these currents may be used for illuminating and
other purposes without affecting the currents which circulate around the field
magnets. To this end we mount on either side of an annular armature electro
magnets grouped, say, in pairs, which in that case will be set at right angles the
one to the other. The poles of the magnets on the opposite sides of the armature
will be so shaped as to embrace the armature, and these electro magnets we rotate
in opposite directions. The magnets we so coil that the group on one side will
present south poles only to the armature, while the group on the other side will
present north poles only.
The armature is composed of a number of short segment shaped bobbins of soft
iron provided with end plates or flanges. These bobbins are filled with insulated
wire and are secured together end to end, thus constituting an annular armature.
The terminal wires of each coil are brought to the outside of the armature,
where they may be connected together in groups or in series to give quantity or
intensity currents, or may be used to form independent circuits.
The field or inducing magnets we drive in opposite directions, and thus cause
them to act inductively upon each other until the maximum amount of magnetism
is attained.
It will now be understood that as the magnets on one side of the armature have
a south polarity, and those on the other side have a north polarity, currents in one
direction only will be induced in the coils of the armature, and therefore no
commutator will be required. An advantage incidental to this arrangement of
electric generator is that the induced current may be regulated by the act of
regulating the inducing current, which latter result is obtained by increasing
or decreasing the resistance in the circuit of the inducing current, and thereby at
the same time regulating the amount of motive force required to be given off by
the motive power engine.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND RELATING TO RAILWAY CHAIRS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Androw Young, John Evan Powell,
Robert Jones Powell, and John Whitaker, at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents on the 13th January 1879.
"
ANDREW YOUNG, JOHN EVAN POWELL, ROBERT JONES POWELL, and JOHN
WHITAKER, all of Wrexham, in the County of Denbigh, North Wales. IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND RELATING TO RAILWAY CHAIRS."
As railway chairs for reversible and non reversible rails are at present constructed
the rails are secured therein by means of keys driven home in a direction parallel
with the rail. These keys or wedges continually get loose, and often fall out,
thereby loosening the mils, and making it unsafe for passing trains, and also
necessitating the employment of labour to tighten and replace them. Now our In-
vention is designed to obviate these evils, and consists in forming chairs in such
manner that the key is driven in perpendicularly from above, that is, with its axis
at right angles to the rail. One cheek of the chair is made so as to fit the contour
of the rail, and the other of a flat surface, slightly inclined, and with two projecting
ribs to hold the key laterally. A filling up block is placed in the hollow of the
rail, and between this and the cheek of the chain is vertically driven a wedge
shaped key of iron or other suitable material, the key being placed on the inside of
the rail; the pressure from the flange of wheels in passing over the rail and the
weight of the key itself tend to tighten it.
A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF JOINING TOGETHER EARTHENWARE AND OTHER PIPES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Ellis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th September 1879.
GEORGE HENRY ELLIS, of No. 37, Walbrook, in the City of London, Engineer.
"A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF JOINING TOGETHER EARTHENWARE AND OTHER
PIPES."
My Invention has for its object to effect a new and improved method of joining
together earthenware and other pipes which shall to a great extent be independent
of the carelessness of workmen, and which registers outside when a good and secure
joint has been made all round the pipe. I carry out my Invention in the following
manner. I form grooves or open channels round the ends, and within the sockets
or collars of pipes, and at both sides of such channels I set in narrow grooves or
otherwise, rows of hair, weed, cocoa or other fibre, or bands of straw, hemp, jute,
felt, cork, leather, or any suitable soft, compressible, pliable, or flexible material, to
form the walls of such open channels and to make up for the inevitable variations
and irregularities in the forms and sizes of earthenware or other pipes. Into these
channels so formed, after placing the ends and sockets or collars of pipes together
in a proper position to be joined, I pour liquid or semi-liquid bituminous or other
cement through a suitable hole made in the top of the socket or collar of the pipe,
which cement will flow down and round the open channel, filling and sealing it up,
and when the hole at the top is full it will be evident that a good and water-tight
joint has been made. This method of making joints is applicable to the spigot and
socket form of pipes, and also to plain ended pipes with loose collars or sleeves. In
the latter case there are two channels within the sleeves the central flexible wall of
which comes immediately over the joint of the pipes and prevents the cement
flowing inside. It can also be applied to access ports and all other parts of pipes
where joints have to be made. My flexible walls or packing at the ends of pipes
conduces to their safety and affords a security against breakage in transit.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFES, MONEY CHESTS, STRONG DOORS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1879. A communication from
Georg Joseph Alexander Eckhardt, Optician, and Jacob Anton Kaiser, Lock-
smith, of Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solictors, at
Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFES,
MONEY CHESTS, STRONG DOORS, AND THE LIKE." [A communication from Georg
Joseph Alexander Eckhardt, Optician, and Jacob Anton Kaiser, Locksmith, of
Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention relates to improvements in safes, chests, strong doors, and the like,
and is carried into practice as follows, that is to say, I provide à metal frame which
is made with a movable filling or panel, completely occupying the space within the
said frame, being pressed outward by a set or sets of springs. To the said panel is
attached a negative electric contact, and to the door or other desired part of the safe
or other object, the positive contact is attached. It will thus be understood that as
soon as the panel is depressed the circuit will be closed and the alarm sounded,
suitable alarm apparatus being provided for the purpose. The construction can also
be so far modified, that the electric current is made to pass continually through the
contacts, and is broken by depressing the plate or panel. The frame in which the
panel is situated is connected with the contact by rods in such a manner that if it
is removed the alarm is sounded.
The frames and panels, as thus described, can be attached to the inside or outside
of safes, boxes, and the like, to doors, shutters, and in fact to any object which it is
desired to protect by providing in connection therewith means for giving an alarm
when the same is being tampered with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1879. A communication
from abroad by the Firm of E. Vincenzi and Company, of Paris, France.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. " IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD APPARATUS." [A communication
from abroad by the Firm of E. Vincenzi and Company, of Paris, France.]
This Invention relates to improvements in the jacquard apparatus, and has for
its object to prevent wear of the neck cords, and also avoid all friction between the
hooks and needles, as well as to ensure a more perfect action of the mechanism.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing is a vertical section of the improved
jacquard mechanism. a, griff or lifting bar; b, slotted plate, from which the hooks h
are suspended (shown also in plan in Figure 2); c, bars upon which the plate b rests;
d, needle board; e, supporting frame for the loops of needles; f, slotted plate, by
which the lower part of the hooks are guided; g, iron rods by which the plate f is
suspended from the griff a; h, twin hooks having an elastic action, and thus
enabling the ordinary spring box to be dispensed with.
The form of these hooks may be varied according to circumstances, but they are
in all cases suspended by the limb, which acts as a spring. i, i, needles provided
with bends to engage with the hooks; 7, neck cords, to which the heddles are
attached; m, iron rods for ensuring the descent of the hooks when acted on by a
blank cord, or when no neck cord is attached to it. The plates b and fare both
made of sheet iron, and have slots or perforations, as shown in Figure 2. The plate b
is mounted immediately above the needles in such position that the perforations in
the plate correspond lengthwise to the interval between the rows of needles, and
transversely to the length of the bend or lug on the said needles. The plate f is so
adjusted in position that its perforations correspond with and are vertically below
those of plate b, in order that the hooks may be perfectly free when the guide plate g
on being raised by the griff a slides upon those hooks which remain stationary,
suspended from the plate b by the lugs x formed on the shorter limbs of the hooks f
as shown in Figure 3. All the hooks raised by the griff bars are kept, both in
ID
11

page_text: their ascent and descent, out of contact with the needles, the hooks being guided
truly through the intervals between the rows of needles by the plates b and f. It
is no longer necessary that the neck cords attached to the hooks should pass
through holes in the bottom board, and the consequent wear of said cords is
avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER AND OTHER LIQUID MOTORS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Archer at the Office of the
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th May 1879.
JOHN ARCHER, of the Empress Engineering Company, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, and Queen Victoria Street, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER AND OTHER LIQUID MOTORS."
$
This Invention consists in improvements on the ordinary "Empress water
motor, in which a tin water wheel in a water tight casing is made to revolve by
the impact of a fine jet or stream of water at a considerable head. In order to
make the motion more uniform and the wheel more permanent I make it of cast iron,
brass, or other cast metal, and instead of buckets have simple curved vanes; these
allow the water to escape at the sides and are much easier to cast than buckets,
requiring no cores. I make the casing with considerable space on each side the
vanes, so as to allow the water the more easily to escape, as I have found by
experience that unless the water has plenty of room to clear at the sides the friction
or resistance is much greater.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN WHEEL CUTTERS, APPLICABLE ALSO IN THE FORMATION OF OTHER REVOLVING CUTTING TOOLS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Foster at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1879.
THOMAS FOSTER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN WHEEL CUTTERS, APPLICABLE ALSO IN THE FORMATION OF OTHER
REVOLVING CUTTING TOOLS."
My Invention relates to the revolving cutting tools employed in the cutting of
the teeth of metal spur wheels, and is also applicable in the formation of milling
tools and revolving cutters for other purposes. I arrange a number of pieces of
steel around the axis of a holder, which is formed to clamp them securely in position,
and I turn them up to the required profile. I then harden and temper the said
pieces and re-arrange them in the same holder or in another holder in such positions
as that one edge of each piece forms a cutting edge, and that the profile edge tends
inwards from the front or cutting edge to the back. In one arrangement the said
pieces are each nearly of a triangular form, and are drilled to guage with two
holes. A disc or collar is mounted, fixed, or formed on a screwed mandril, and in
this collar are fixed two consecutive rings of studs. Each steel piece fits on a stud
in each ring of studs, the pieces being arranged around the axis of the mandril.
An annular disc or washer is placed on the mandril, and is tightened up by means
of a nut, so that all the pieces are clamped in position. The mandril is then put
in a lathe, and the protruding edges of the pieces are turned to the required form.
When suitably hardened the pieces are again fixed in a holder in the positions
hereinbefore indicated. In practice I form the pieces to fit together, so as com-
pletely to occupy the space between the clamping discs, or nearly so, and I so
arrange the said studs as that a line drawn through each pair makes an angle with
a radial from the centre of the mandril, the said angle being on one side of the
radial in the first holder, and on the other side of the radial in the second holder.
When I use only one holder I so form the pieces as that they can be reversed when
they are to act as cutters, the side which was next to one disc in the formation
holder being next to the other disc in the cutter holder. These arrangements may
however be varied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RUG-STRAPS OR SHAWL-CARRIERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAI, SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Dittmar at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st January 1879. A communication from
C. Zender, of Berlin, Prussia.
GUSTAVE DITTMAR, of Berlin (Prussia).
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RUG-STRAPS OR
SHAWL-CARRIERS." [A communication from C. Zender, of Berlin, Prussia.]
In using the ordinary rug straps formed of leather handles, and straps with
ordinary buckles, a certain waste of power combined with inconvenience is necessary
to fasten the objects to be carried.
The new rug straps described in the following Specification, and represented in
the accompanied Drawing, require a very simple and easy manipulation when used,
which makes them very handy.
In Figure I. the handle a nade of metal is provided at its two ends with spring
locks b to hold the straps, which are fastened in a notch, one end of the straps
being rivetted to the locks in these notches by a projecting pin c. A lid or cover d
hinged to the lock is held in its respective positions by a strong spring of flat steel
or other metal.
After having slung the straps around the rug or any other object to be carried
they are placed above the rivetted end into the notches of the locks, so that the
pins c enter into one of the holes in the straps, then the lids d are turned down,
and the straps are thereby firmnly secured.
A modification of the Invention is represented by Figures II. and III. In these
two Figures the straps are passed through metal loops e fastened to the handle,
and the spring locks, similar to those in Figure I., are rivetted to the straps. But
in order to give the straps a better hold the locks are provided with rings f like
those of ordinary buckles.
The handle is made in two parts, one sliding in the other, so as to admit the
drawing out of the handle, as shown in Figure III., when objects of a greater
length shall be fastened to the improved rug straps.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES AND TUBES FOR SMOKING
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Mauthé at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1879.
HENRY MAUTHÉ, of 192, Euston Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES AND TUBES FOR SMOKING."
This Invention relates to improvements in pipes or tubes for smoking, and has
for object the ready clearance of the bowl of a pipe after or during smoking, and
the ready removal of the stump or end of a cigar.
For the purpose of clearing the pipe bowl I fit a perforated disc or grid in the
bowl, and to the underside of which is attached a system of jointed or articulated
bars or pins, which lie in the bore of the stem. The last bar is provided with a pin
or stud, which travels within a longitudinal slot terminating in an upper and lower
transverse slot, and which slot is contrived in a tube fitted to the mouth piece. In
order to clear the bowl of the pipe I first turn the mouthpiece so as to release the
pin or stud from the upper transverse slot, then I draw the mouthpieco outward,
and the pin or stud is opposite the lower transverse slot; I then push the mouth-
piece towards the stem, and the pin being retained in the lower transverse slot the
disc or grid is pushed upwards, and clears the bowl by discharging its contents.
For cigar and cigarette tubes or holders instead of using the jointed rod I use a
rigid rod.
Or in another arrangement for cigar and cigarette tubes I employ an inner
perforated tubo provided with a slot, into which works a pin attached to the inner
projecting portion of the mouthpiece, the end of the cigar or cigarette being ejected
from its tube or holder on the inner tube being driven against it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED PAPERS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lloyd Wise at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th November 1879. (A communication
from abroad by Herrmann Gmeiner, of Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German
Empire, Manufacturer of Colored Paper.)
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLORED PAPERS AND APPARATUS
THEREFOR" (A communication from abroad by Herrmann Gmeiner, of Dresden,
Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire, Manufacturer of Colored Paper.)
This Invention consists in producing designs or patterns on colored paper by the
use of inflated india rubber or vulcanized rubber cylinders or rollers having
designs or patterns cut, engraved, or formed therein or thereon, and in the com-
munication to me from abroad is described as follows:-
"In order to produce certain design and pattern in colored papers I employ
rollers or cylinders of india rubber, vulcanized rubber, or such like material;
the diameter of such rollers or cylinders I determine by blowing air into these
rollers or cylinders, which are closed at the ends.
I engrave upon the surface of such rollers or cylinders of india rubber or
vulcanized rubber any suitable design or pattern. This engraving may either be
done by cutting the design or pattern out of the india rubber or vulcanized rubber
surface, or by cutting the ground out of it; in the latter case the design or pattern
will present itself raised.
I employ these rollers or cylinders of india rubber or vulcanized rubber in the
following manner:-In the machine used in the manufacture of colored papers the
advancing paper is covered with the moist color in the well known manner; on this
paper covered with moist colour the cylinder or roller of india rubber or vulcanized
rubber is placed with its axles in suitable bearings. The roller or cylinder, having
been before extended to a certain diameter by forcing air into it, will revolve by
the contact with the advancing paper.
By this revolving motion of the india rubber or vulcanized rubber roller or
cylinder, the engraving on its surface will produce certain design or pattern in the
moist color on the paper.
I am especially enabled to produce by these rollers or cylinders certain design or
pattern with a very soft shading, which has not been produced hitherto by
mechanical contrivance."
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO HORSE SHOES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Doran and Reuben Thorpe at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1879.
JOHN DORAN and REUBEN THORPE, of Tunbridge Wells, in the County of Kent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO HORSE SHOES."
Our Invention relates to improvements in or applicable to horse shoes, and has
for its object to obviate the necessity of constantly reshoeing horses, and to serve
as an easily applied and effectual means of preventing a horse's feet from slipping
along roads or other places in frosty weather.
It consists in the application and use of an outer or auxiliary shoe of iron made
of the same shape or configuration as the ordinary iron horse shoe, and affixed
thereto by screws or otherwiso.
Between the two shoes is placed a pad of leather or other material of a yielding
nature, forming a bed or packing against which the outer or auxiliary shoe takes
a fair and proper bearing when being screwed to the ordinary shoe, and so prevents
any jar or noise taking place between the two shoes or striking the ground.
To the outer or auxiliary shoe, projecting from its external surface, arc rivetted
suitably shaped spikes or roughings, which take a firm hold into the frozen surface
of the ground during frosty weather, and thereby prevent any slipping of the horse's
foot. Theso spikes when broken or worn down can be knocked out and replaced
by fresh ones, or they are dispensed with entirely in fine weather.
By this Invention when the ordinary shoes of a horse become too much worn
the outer or auxiliary shoes are easily fitted thereto, thereby avoiding the injury
occasioned to a horse's feet in the ordinary operation of shoeing besides saving the
expense and delay consequent thereon during a journey or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Nathan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th February 1879. A communication
from abroad by Adolfo Cozza, of Orvieto, in the Kingdom of Italy.
DAVID NATHAN, of Queen Street Place, in the City of London, Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCHORS." [A communication from
abroad by Adolfo Cozza, of Orvieto, in the Kingdom of Italy.]
This Invention relates to a novel construction of anchor, which although provided
with but one palm will take a sure hold of the ground, and if caught by a rock or
other unyielding substance will admit of being readily disengaged therefrom. The
shank of the anchor is provided with but one arm for carrying the palm, and this
arm is forged in one piece with the shank. The shank is fitted with a detachable
stock, and at its back the shank is formed with two strong shoulders, to which is
firmly attached by welding or otherwise a guide rod, which lies parallel with the
shank, and is intended to receive the coupling ring of the chain cable, leaving it
free to traverse from end to end thereof.
The shank is extended longitudinally beyond the arm to form a bearing piece or
fulcrum, for the purpose to be presently explained.
To provide for the ship riding at anchor the coupling ring of the chain cable
should be confined to the upper end of the shank, as by the ordinary shackle.
To this end a detachable pin passing through the rod and entering the shank
will be employed to confine the ring to the head of the shank. When this pin is
removed the ring may, by the backing of the ship, be run to the other end of the
rod, and caused to take onto the shoulder that lies between the fulcrum end of the
shank and palm, for the purpose of hauling in the anchor.
By causing the cable to drag on the anchor in this direction the pull will be in
the line of the palm; the extension piece of the stem will then serve to prevent the
tipping of the anchor, and ensure the anchor leaving the ground or any obstacle
that it may have encountered in the line from which it advanced to its fixed
position.
Thus the risk of having to cut the ship free of its moorings by reason of the
impossibility of moving or lifting the anchor will be avoided, and the readiness with
which the anchor under all circumstances may be raised will be greatly facilitated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS MANUFACTURED FROM WOOL, COTTON, SILK, JUTE, AND LINEN
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lachlan Martin Maclean at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th January 1879.
LACHLAN MARTIN MACLEAN (of the Firm of Maclean and Dixon), of Bradford,
in the County of York, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS MANUFACTURED
FROM WOOL, COTTON, SILK, JUTE, AND LINEN."
The object of my Invention is to produce a fabric composed of bottany wool and
Egyptian cotton having all the merits of the finest Saxony makes of flannels, and
being considerably less costly, more durable, and unshrinkable.
Hitherto this class of goods have been composed either of all wool, or of Angola,
or Angola and cotton.
I accomplish my object in the following manner :-I use a combed wool warp
and a weft of carded cotton made from the finest Egyptian, or from the finest
Egyptian and a small proportion of linen. I also use a weft made from carded
wool and the finest Egyptian cotton, either in alternate threads, or in such other
proportion as may be necessary. I also use the above warp and a weft made from
jute, or from jute and silk combined. I also use a warp made from jute, or from
jute and silk, or from jute, silk, and wool, and a weft inade from wool waste or
from combed wool.
By the processes of weaving and finishing the wool is brought to the surface,
thereby producing a fabric having all the advantages before named.