Improvements in or relating to Means for Regulating the Unwinding - of Threads, Slivers, Rovings, and the like in Spinning, Twisting, . and similar
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Means for Regulating the Unwinding -
of Threads, Slivers, Rovings, and the like in Spinning, Twisting, .
and similar: Machines:
'
RUDOLF CLAD, Manufacturer, and EMIL SCHNABEL, Engineer, of Langensalza,..
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
•
-
It has been found hitherto a great drawback in spinning, twisting and similar
operations in the treatment of textile fibres in the shape of threads, slivers,
rovings and the like, when vertical cops or spools were used for paying
out the fibrous material and no regulating device was used, that owing to the one-
sided action of the unwinding forces an overrunning of the cop or spool, or its
sudden stoppage by extraneous causes, sometimes occurred whereby the rovings
or threads became broken or slack; and fell and became entangled their supply
to the feed rollers often became uneven an unnecessary amount of waste coarse
places in the product of the operation such, for instance as loops unequal threads
occurred and the machine had to be stopped.. These drawbacks were to a certain
extent but only in a very inadequate manner remedied by the supervision of
attentive workmen by the latter effecting a very primitive braking of the spindles
of the cops or spools by means of pieces of woollen waste, paper etc.
The object of the present invention is a device which obviates in a most simple
and efficient manner the above drawbacks.
'T'he device according to the present invention consists chiefly of a bell-crank
lever pivoted to the bar or frame and carrying at one end a thread-guide of any
suitable construction its other end being provided with a movable brake-block
of any desired shape and an adjustable weight. The brake-block rests on the
spool itself and not on the thread, the spool being either a simple cylindrical or.
conical tube or if desired provided with a head-disc. The brake block, can..
press against the upper end of this spool or disc.
In this way when the machine is at rest, as soon as there is no pull on the
thread or fibrous material; the spool is held fast; when the pull begins the brake-
block is lifted off the spool and the fibrous material or thread can be drawn off
the spool as long as there is a slight pull on the thread or fibrous material. The
pull on the thread or fibrous material is here very slight, so that the brake may
be applied to the finest thread or fibrous material.
There are already in existence unwinding devices but they are appli-
special
cable solely to horizontal spools. The spools must also have a
shape and be specially, manufactured and cannot be the usual cops.

page_text: The thread in these devices is moreover exposed to a considerable
strain so that the braking device becomes operative for a spool only by
a thread being put to considerable tension by the unwinding device. The old
devices are therefore applicable either only for coarse or already finished thread,
or they require when springs or brake levers are used an extraordinary strength
of thread for overcoming the action of a brake spring or a lever provided with a
brake-band and a weight.
In carrying out this invention a bell crank lever is pivoted to a bracket secured
to any suitable part of the frame or machine, said lever having one end formed
into a fork in which a brake block is suspended or pivotted so as to be capable
of oscillating and provided in the centre with an opening for the spindle carrying
the spool or cop. The same arm or end also carries an adjustable weight. The
brackets preferably serve both for receiving the spindles and for holding the bell-
crank levers.
At the other end of the bell-crank lever there is arranged a thread, sliver or
roving guide of any desired construction over which the textile fibres pass before
reaching the feed rollers of the machine. The head of the spool may be of any
desired shape. Instead of being arranged centrally over the spool the brake may
be arranged at the side. In this case the bracket is secured to the frame together with
a guide bracket for the end of the spindle. The hell-crank lever is pivoted to this
bracket. One end of the lever carries the thread guide the other end being guided in a
slot of the bracket so as to secure the lever against side-movement. On the inner
end of the bell-crank lever is suspended the brake block, so as to be capable of
oscillating, and an adjustable weight. The working of the brake device is as
follows:-
When the machine is at rest the brake blocks rest firmly on the heads of the
spools whereby all the textile fibres or threads are uniformly and slightly
stretched.
When the machine is started the threads or textile fibres passing over the
guide exercise a slight pressure on the bell-crank lever which is thereby lowered
at its end to a scarcely perceptible extent and causes the brake block to exercise
a braking action on the head of the spool of so slight a nature that the paying
out of the material on the spool (threads or fibrous material) is rendered very
uniform. When the spool is full and heavy the brake block exercises less pressure
owing to the greater pressure on the thread guide.
The emptier the spool becomes the less becomes the pressure on the thread
guide, and the stronger the action of the brake block on the spool, which becomes
lighter and tends to rotate easier.
In order to enable the brake device to be suitably adjusted for all kinds of
textile fibres as regards the strength of the fibres and to neutralise the two forces
acting on the arms of the bell crank lever said lever is provided with a weight
which can be suitably adjusted.
The brake device according to the present invention has great advantages as
compared with brake devices used hitherto. It is applicable to vertical spools
and does not have any springs, which latter do not admit of adjustment for
different strengths of fibres or threads, and the faults due to the springs being
influenced by changes of temperature are also avoided. With the help of the
device according to the present invention it is easy to pay off slivers and rovings,
while in the old device with springs it was impossible owing to said slivers and
rovings breaking very easily. In the new device all harmful stretching of the
fibrous material is avoided. The threads or the fibrous material acts on the bell
crank lever from above and has only to exercise on the balanced lever sufficient
pressure just to lift the brake block.
Dated this 10th day of November 1897.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Means for Regulating the Unwinding
of Threads, Slivers, Rovings, and the like in Spinning, Twisting,
and similar Machines.
RUDOLF CLAD, Manufacturer, and EMIL SCHNABEL, Engineer, of Langensalza,
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
It has been found hitherto a great drawback in spinning twisting and similar
operations in the treatment of textile fibres in the shape of threads slivers, rovings
and the like when vertical cops or spools were used for paying out the fibrous
material and no regulating device was used that owing to the one-sided action
of the unwinding forces an overrunning of the cop or spool or its sudden stoppage
by extraneous causes sometimes occurred whereby the material or threads became
broken or slack, fell and became entangled their supply to the feed rollers often
became uneven or an unnecessary amount of waste coarse places in the product
of the operation such for instance as loops or unequal threads occurred and the
machine had consequently to be stopped. These drawbacks were to a certain
extent, but only in a very inadequate manner remedied by the supervision of
attentive workmen, by the latter effecting a very primitive braking of the spindles
of the cops or spools by means of pieces of woollen waste paper etc.
The present invention relates to a device which obviates in a most simple and
efficient manner the above drawbacks.
The device according to the present invention consists chiefly of a bell-crank
lever pivoted to the bar or frame and carrying at one end a thread-guide of any
suitable construction its other end being provided with a movable brake-block
of any desired shape and an adjustable weight. The brake block rests on the
spool itself and not on the thread the spool being either a simple cylindrical or
conical tube or, if desired, provided with a head-disc. The brake block can
press against the upper end of this spool or disc.
In this way when the machine is at rest and there is no pull on the thread or
fibrous material the spool is held fast; when the pull begins the brake-block is
lifted off the spool and the fibrous material or thread can be drawn off the spool as
long as there is a slight pull on the thread or fibrous material. The pull on the
thread or fibrous material is very slight, so that the brake may be applied to
the finest thread or fibrous material.
There are already in existence unwinding devices, but they are applicable solely
to horizontal spools. The spools must also have a special shape and be specially
manufactured and the usual cops cannot be used. The thread in these devices
is moreover exposed to a considerable strain so that the braking device become
operative for a spool only when a thread is put to considerable tension by the
unwinding device. These devices are therefore applicable either only for coarse
or already finished thread or they require when springs or brake levers are used,
an extraordinary strength of thread for overcoming the action of a brake spring
or a lever provided with a brake band and a weight.
In the accompanying drawings there are shown two different constructions of
the brake device as examples of the present invention, Figs. 1, 2 and 3 showing
a construction with a central brake-block 4 for small spools while Figs. 7 and 8
show a modified construction for conical or cylindrical cops.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 show a brake device according to the present invention for
larger spools with a lateral brake-block 12.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a vertical section, Fig. 2 a side elevation and Fig. 3 a plan, of the
first example of brake device for small spools.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 5 an elevation and Fig. 6 a plan of the
second construction particularly applicable for larger spools.
In Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the numerals 9, 6 indicate a bell crank lever pivoted say
to a bracket secured to any suitable part of the frame or machine at 7 and having
one end formed into a fork 5 in which a brake block 4 is suspended or pivoted
so as to be capable of oscillation and provided in the centre with an opening for
the spindle
carrying the spool or cop. The same arm or end also carries an
adjustable weight 11. 8 is a part of the supporting bar or frame to which are
secured brackets 7 which preferably serve both for receiving the ends of
spindles 3 and for holding the bell-crank levers 9, 6.
At the outer end 9 of the bell-crank lever there is arranged a thread sliver or
roving guide 10, of any desired construction, over which the textile fibres pass
before reaching the feed rollers of the machine. 2 is the spool and 1 is the head
which may be of any desired shape for instance as indicated in Figs. 1, 4, 7
and 8. The construction in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 is somewhat different owing to the
brake being arranged at the side. In these latter figures 17 is the bracket which
is secured to the bar 8 together with a guide or bracket for the end of the spindle 3.
One end 9 of the
The bell crank lever 9 13 is pivoted at 14 to this bracket 17
lever carries the thread guide 10 the other end 13 being guided in a slot in the
bracket 17 so as to secure the lever against side-movement. To this inner end 13
of the bell crank lever is suspended a brake block 12 so as to be capable of oscilla-
tions and said lever also carries an adjustable weight 11
represents the wound
spool and its head. The operation of the brake device is as follows.
When the machine is at rest the brake blocks 4 (or 12) rest firmly on the
heads 1 of the spools whereby all the fibres or threads are uniformly and slightly
stretched.
When the machine is started the thread or fibre passing over the guide 10
exercises a slight pressure on the bell crank lever 96 (or 9 13) which is thereby
drawn down at 10 to a scarcely perceptible extent this movement causing the
brake block 4 (or 12) to exercise a braking action on the head of the spool of
so slight a nature that the paying out of the material on the spool (thread or
fibrous material) is rendered very uniform. When the spool is full and heavy
the brake block 4 (or 12) exercises less pressure owing to the greater pressure.
on the thread guide 10.
The emptier the spool becomes the less the pressure on the thread guide becomes
and the stronger the action of the brake-block on the spool which, becomes lighter
and tends to rotate more easily:
In order to enable the brake-device to be suitably adjusted for all. kinds of
fibres as regards the strength of the fibres and to neutralize the two forces acting
on the arms of the bell-crank lever 9, 6 (or 9, 13) the lever is provided with a
weight 11 which can be suitably adjusted.
Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the brake device arranged on a spindle for rough
spinning. Fig. 8 shows the device applied to a carding or sliver spool. The
brake 4 is applied to the spindle sleeve I, and brakes it as soon as the pull on the
roller 10 (Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5) becomes lessened or ceases.
The brake-device according to the present invention has great advantages when
compared with brake-devices used hitherto. It is applicable to vertical spools
and does not have any springs which latter do not readily admit of adjustment
for different strength of fibres or threads; the faults due to the springs being
influenced by changes of temperature are also avoided. By employing devices
according to the present invention it is easy to pay off slivers and rovings while
in the old devices with springs it was impossible owing to the frequent breaking
of said slivers and rovings. In the improved device all harmful stretching of
the fibrous material is avoided. The thread. or fibrous material acts on the bell-

page_text: crank lever from above and has only to exercise on the lever sufficient pressure
just to lift the brake block from the spool.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is: :-
1. An automatic regulating device for the unwinding of threads slivers rovings
and the like from spindles in spinning twisting and similar machines comprising
a thread guide at the end of a pivotted lever which by means of a pivotted brake-
block attached to its inner ends acts on the head of the spool for the purpose of
raising the brake from the spool as the latter becomes unwound and of applying
the brake to the spool when the pull ceases substantially as described.
2. A braking device for spools and cops of the kind described provided with
an adjustable weight on the inner end of the lever substantially as and for the
purpose described.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete brak-
ing device substantially as described or illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 or in
the modifications shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
DL 1511].... ST.... 1000
DL 151.
day
July
1900
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.