IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POLISHING, CLEANING, OR DRESSING METALS OR OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Fenwick, of Stockton on Tees, in the County
of Durham, Nickel Plating Works Manager, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POLISHING, CLEANING, OR DRESSING METALS OR
OTHER MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Fenwick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1880.
THOMAS FENWICK, of Stockton on Tees, in the County of Durham, Nickel Plating
Works Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POLISHING, CLEANING, OR
DRESSING METALS, OR OTHER MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to a portable machine or apparatus for producing a polish
on inetals, jet, marble, granite, and other mineral substances capable of taking a
polish, or for cleaning and dressing the above named and other materials, such,
for example, as stone used for architectural and artistic purposes; the object of the
Invention being to facilitate the operation of polishing, cleaning, or dressing
articles, which by reason of their large dimensions cannot be conveniently operated
upon in the stationary machines at present in use, or which owing to their weight,
shape, or position are at present polished, cleaned, or dressed by hand.
In carrying out my Invention the apparatus, is constructed in the following
manner, vi:-
A spindle is provided, having a handle attached at each end, ono of such handles
being retained in position by a nut on the end of the spindle so as to be capable
of removal at will, whilst the other handle is fixed to the spindle. Around the
spindle is arranged a tube or sleeve, which is made of such a diameter and length
as to be capable of revolving freely round the spindle and between the inside faces
of the handles, and is flattened at the side or constructed in any other suitable
manner, so as to admit of a pulley and an appliance for polishing or an appliance
for cleaning and dressing as required, being keyed or otherwise secured to the tube
or sleeve.
The appliance for polishing, which is securely fixed to the tube, may be according
to the material to be polished, a brush, bob, dolly, emery-wheel, or other suitable
polishing wheel or appliance used in getting up metals, jet, or mineral substances.

page_text: The appliance for cleaning and dressing is securely fixed to the tube in the same
manner, and may be a "scratch brush" varied in its construction according to the
material to be cleaned and dressed. The brushes, bobs, dollies, emery wheels, or
scratch brushes may be of any sizes or shapes suitable for the articles to be polished,
cleaned, or dressed, and they may be changed at will by simply unscrewing the
nut at the end of the spindle and withdrawing the spindle. The pulley, which is
also securely fixed, to the tube, is grooved to carry an endless band of india rubber,
gutta percha, leather, catgut, hemp, silk, or other similar material (india rubber
being preferred for its elasticity), which endless band passes over another similar
grooved pulley attached to a driving shaft, counter shaft, lathe, or spindle. This
pulley may be of any convenient size, and if used on an ordinary lathe or spindle
may he simply screwed on or off as required. The apparatus admits of being made
to any size required, so as either to bo suitable for one man to hold both ends; or
if for polishing, cleaning, or dressing a large surface, the ends of the spindle may
be arranged at any necessary distance apart and be supported in frames made for
the purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Fenwick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
December 1880.
THOMAS FENWICK, of Stockton on Tees, in the County of Durham, Nickel Plate
Works Manager. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR POLISHING, CLEANING, OR
DRESSING METALS OR OTHER MATERIALS."
My said Invention relates to a portable machine or apparatus for producing a
polish on metals, glass, jet, marble, granite, and other mineral substances capable
of taking a polish, or for cleaning and dressing the above named and other
materials, such, for example, as stone used for architectural or artistic purposes;
the object of the Invention being to facilitate the operation of polishing, cleaning,
or dressing articles, which by reason of their large dimensions can not be con-
veniently operated upon in the stationary machines at present in use, or which
owing to their weight, shape, or position are at present polished, cleaned, or dressed
by hand.
In carrying out my said Invention, the apparatus may be constructed in the
following manner, videlicet :-
:-
A spindle is provided having a handle attached at each end, one of such handles
being retained in position by a nut on the end of the spindle, so as to be capable
of removal at will, whilst the other handle is fixed to tho spindle. Around tho
spindle is arranged a tube or sleeve, which is made of such a diameter and length
as to be capable of revolving freely round the spindle and between the inside faces
of the handles, and is flattened at the side or constructed in any other suitable
manner, so as to admit of a pulley and an appliance for polishing or an appliance

page_text: for cleaning and dressing as required, being keyed or otherwise secured to the tube
or sleeve. The apparatus receives rotary motion by means of the pulley and a belt
from any suitable prime mover, and is guided over the surface to be polished,
cleaned, or dressed by the hand of the operator.
The apparatus may be modified in construction, as hereinafter described.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the.
several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal section of an
apparatus constructed according to my said Invention; Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
illustrate modifications of the same; Figures 7 and 8 are sectional elevations, the
sections being taken respectively along the lines 1, 2, Figures 1 and 2, and 3, 4,
Figures 3, 4, and 5.
For easily accessible surfaces, such as flat, convex, or even concave surfaces with
open end, as, for instance, a curved plate, the apparatus is constructed as shewn in
Figure 1, and in the modification Figure 2.
Referring to Figure 1 a spindle A is provided, having a handle attached at each.
end, one handle B being retained in position by a nut 6 or other suitable contrivance
on one end of the spindle, so as to be capable of removal at will whilst the other
handle C is rigidly fixed to the spindle. If the spindle is of great length, as in
Figure 2, the handles may be dispensed with, and the spindle supported in frames
made for the purpose. Around the spindle is arranged a tube or sleeve D, which
is made of such a diameter and length as to be capable of revolving freely round
the spindle and between the inside faces of the handles, as shewn in Figure 1, or
between pins & fixed in the spindle in boles placed at convenient distances for the
purpose of adjusting the position of the tube or sleeve, as shewn in Figure 2. The
sleeve or tubo is flattened on one side, or constructed in any other suitable manner,
so as to admit of the pulley E and an appliance F for cleaning and dressing, or
an appliance for polishing, as required, being keyed or otherwise secured to the
tubo or sleeve.
For not easily accessiblo surfaces whether flat, convex, concave, or internal, or
for uneven surfaces, irregular shapes or corners, the apparatus is constructed as
shewn in the modification, Figures 3, 4, and 5. The spindle A¹ without the tube
or sleeve is provided with a handle B¹ attached to one end by means of a collar
and pin, as shewn in Figures 3 and 4, or by means of any other suitable contrivance,
whilst the other handle C¹ consists of a pulley handle, as shewn, and is placed
between pins passed through the spindle and is adjustable to different positions
along the spindle, as represented in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the latter Figure shewing
both handles so arranged; or if the spindle be of great length, as in Figure 6, the
handles may be dispensed with, and the spindle supported on frames made for the
purpose, the spindle in these cases revolving the pulley, and the operating appliance
are keyed or otherwise fixed to the spindle at any required point, or screwed or
otherwise attached to the ends a' of the spindles.
The appliance F for cleaning or dressing which is securely fixed to the tube or.
sleeve, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, and to the spindle, as shown in Figures 3,
4, 5, and 6, may be according to the material to be cleaned or dressed a circular
scratch brush, as shewn more particularly in section in Figures 1, 2, and 6, and in
dotted lines in Figures 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8, the brush being varied in its construction
according to the material to be cleaned and dressed, and the appliance for polishing
may consist of a bob, dolly, emery wheel, or other appliance used in getting up
metals, glass, jet, or other mineral substances, and be attached to the sleeve or
spindle in a similar manner to the cleaning or dressing appliance.
The brushes, bobs, dollies, emery wheels, or scratch brushes may be of any sizes
or shapes suitable for the articles to be polished, cleaned, or dressed, and they may
be changed at will by releasing the handle B at the end of the spindle A,
and withdrawing the said spindle in the arrangements shewn in Figure 1, or

page_text: withdrawing the pins and releasing the spindle at one end from the supporting
frame in the modification, Figure 2, or by withdrawing the pins and then the
pulley handle C' in the modification, Figure 3, 4, and 5, or otherwise unscrewing or
releasing the brush, bob, dolly, emery wheel, or other polishing wheel or scratch
brush if fixed on the end of the spindle in the modification last mentioned, or by
releasing the spindle at one end from the supporting frame and unscrewing or
releasing the plishing, cleaning, or dressing appliances in the inodification illustrated
in Figure 6.
The pullies E, which are also securely fixed to the tubes D, as shewn in Figures
1 and 2, or to the spindles A', as shewn in Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, are grooved to
carry an endless band C, of india rubber, gutta percha, leather, catgut, hemp, silk,
or other similar material (india rubber preferred for its elasticity), which endless
band passes over another similar grooved pulley attached to a driving shaft, counter
shaft, lathe, or spindle; this pulley may be of any convonient size, and if used on
an ordinary lathic or spindle it may simply be screwed on or off as required. The
apparatus admits of being made to any size required so as either to be suitable
for one man to hold both ends, as shewn in Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5, or to hold one
end and an intermediate position, as in Figures 3, 4, and 5; or if for polishing,
cleaning, or dressing a large surface, as in Figures 2 and 6, or articles of great
length, the ends of the spindle may be arranged at any necessary distance apart
and be supported in frames made for the purpose.
It will be understood that the apparatus receives rotary motion from the source.
of motive power, and is guided over the surface to be polished, cleaned, or dressed.
by the hands of the operator.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,-.
"
The employment for polishing, cleaning, or dressing metals or other materials
of apparatus, constructed and operating substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Fenwick, have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal, the Seventeenth day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
THOMAS FENWICK. (L.S.)