Improvements in the Axles and Axle Boxes of Cycles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left 20th Sent 1897 Accented 20th Nov 1807
Improvements in the Axles and Axle Boxes of Cycles.
I, WILLIAM LEONARD PIZZEY of Wisbech Cricklade Road Bishopston Bristol
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the Axles and Axle boxes of Cycles
and has special reference to that class of axles that revolve in a bath of oil or
similar fluids.
I carry my Invention into practice in manner as follows-
I form or fix on the axles two conical or taper enlargements, such conical or
taper enlargements will be hereinafter referred to as the Concs.
The Cones are so arranged that their larger ends are towards the cross centre
line or longitudinal axis of the Cycle or in other words the smaller ends are away
from the centre of the axle. On the ends of the axle are formed threads which
may be either Right Hand threads or Left Hand threads or one right hand thread
and one left hand thread and hereinafter to make this description plain one end
of the Axle will be called the Right Hand Side and other the Left Hand Side.
The Axle is encased over the whole or almost the whole of its length by an Axle
Box the ends of the said Axle-Box being closed in manner as follows-
On the left hand side a recessed cup or cap is fitted which has cut on its inner
side namely the recessed part a right handed thread this thread engages with a
corresponding right handed thread on the end of the Axle-Box this cap will be
hereinafter referred to as the Outer Left Hand Cap. The inner side of the left
haud end of the axle box is threadled with a left hand thread and into this left
hand threaded end of the Axle-Box is fitted a recessed cap or cup screwed on this
outer side so as to fit the female screw on the left hand end of the Axle-Box.
This cap will be hereinafter termed the Inner Left Hand Cap or Cup.
The outer left hand cap fits over the Inner left hand cap in one or more places
and either by a chamfered or plain joint.
On the inside of the inner left hand cap the usual antifriction balls are placed
and work on and around the left hand Cone of the hereinbefore described cones
attached or formed on the axle.
The arrangement on the Right hand end of the axle box is as follows:-
A recessed cap on the outer side of which is cut a left hand thread screw screws
into a female left hand thread cut on the inside of the Right hand end of the
Axle-Box.
The Sprocket or Chain Wheel is fitted by means of a right hand screw on the
outside Right hand end of the Axle-Box and is screwed in its position by means
of a lock uut which is screwed on a recessed portion of the extreme Right hand
end of the Axle-Box by means of a lefthand screw.
On the inside of the Right Hand Cap and on and around the conical neck are
placed the usual antifriction balls and are kept in their place by the shape of the
cone, or path formed in same.
By means of the combination of the various parts and the arrangements of
Right and Left hand screws it will be seen that in working the parts tend to

page_text: tighten themselves and as the Axle-Box is more or less filled with oil the
Antifriction Bulls and other working parts in the Axle-Box are kept in a bath of
pil which effectually lubricates the working parts.
Dated this 20th day of November 1896.
W. M. LLEWELLIN, C.E.,
16 King Square, Bristol, Agent for Applicant.
I, WILLIAM LEONARD PIZZEY Wisbech Villa Cricklade Road Bishopston Bristol
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The improvements in Axle boxes of Cycles relates to a better arrangement of the
parts so as to avoid their working loose when in use, and loss of oil from the
internal working parts the oil constituting a bath, in which the internal parts
are flushed with. The arangement hereinafter described has also the great
advantage of having its parts readily adjustable when and as required.
In order that my invention may be more readily understood I annex to these
presents one sheet of drawings which are to be taken and read as part of this
specification.
Figure 1-Sheet 1-is a longitudinal section of the axle box of which
A is the axle shaft which is formed with Collars EE and in such collars are
formed ball races at FF in which the balls GG work. His a cap which may
bo serowed either right or left hand as desired into the axle box casing B.
Hereinafter for plainness of description the end of axle box on the right hand
side of the drawing or that side on which II is situated will be called the
"right hand side" and that side on which the cap M is situated will be called
the "left hand side" of the axle box. The cap II instead of being screwed into
the axle box casing B by means of the screw N may be made solid with it. The
end C of the axle spindle A is screwed either right or left hand as desired. The
end D of the axle box is screwed either right or left hand as desired a certain
required distance and is then stepped or shouldered down below the level of the
screwed end D of the axle box and is again screwed a certain distance I with either
a right or left hand thread this part will hereinafter be referred to as the lock
nut screw. J J are small holes into which a special shaped wrench can be fitted
to screw in or out the caps H & M respectively the holes J J will be hereinafter
referred to as adjuster holes. Similar holes are formed in the cap. M at J¹.
Refering now to the left hand side of the axle box the axle will be formed in
precisely the same manner as has been hereinbefore described when referring
to the right haud portion of the axle, namely-E is the Collar F1 the race on the
Collar G the balls. The cap M is formed precisely the same manner as the
cap H and may have either a right or left hand threaded screw at X where the cap
is screwed into the axle box casing the end D of the axle box casing is screwed
on the outside with a right or left handed thread as may be desirable O is a cap
which screws on the right or left handed screw 1) as the case may be this cap ()
locks over the cap M at O' and keeps it in position by reason of the following
arrangement. Supposing the screw at N is a right handed screw and the screw
at D' is a left handed screw the parts respectively screwed in or on the screws N' D¹
will tend to tighten against each other and thus act as a locking arrangement.

page_text: is the left haud screwed portion of the axle spindle. X is the oil space in the
axle box.
The action of this arrangement is as follows-
The oil space Y having been filled with oil or other lubricating material and
the respective parts namely the Caps H M O havng been adjusted into their
respective positions and the chain wheel having been screwed on to the screwed
part D of the axle box and locked in its place by a lock nut "not shown on
drawing" fitting on the lock nut screw I and the whole of the axle box having
been placed in its proper position on the cycle it will be understood that any jar
or vibration in the cycle that tends to slacken out the cap M will also tend to
tighten the cap O as the screws D and № are respectively right and left hand
screws and will thus tend to lock the respective cans one against the other. As
has been before described the Cap H may be made solid with the axle box
casing B, so that the screw N will not be required. The cap His locked in
position by means of a capped or other suitably shaned locknut which engages
with the lock nut screw I. the shoulder of the locknut clins over the outer
surface H of the cap H.-I is screwed the reverse hand thread to which the cap
H is screwed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The construction of axle hoxes for cycles in the manner herein before set
forth and described.
2. The construction of axle boxes with double caps at one end such caps locking
or tightening against each other by means of right and left hand threads in
manner nereinbefore set forth and described.
3. Making one end of the axle box solid in the manner hereinbefore set forth
and described.
4. Making the cap at one end of an axle box other than that end referred to
in Claim 2, with an adjustable cap in manner herein before set forth and
described.
Dated this 17th day of September 1897.
W. M. LLEWELLIN, C.E.,
15 King Square, Bristol, Agent for Applicant.