IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TENONING WOOD
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Blackett Haigh, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR TENONING WOOD."
Sealed the 11th January 1868, and dated the 12th July 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Blackett Haigh
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th July 1867.
I, WILLIAM BLACKETT HAIGH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TENONING WOOD," to be as follows:--
I employ a suitable stand or frame having at the top a planed face on
which is fixed the bed of a slide rest carrying a slide, which can be moved to
and fro by the pressure of the hand, or by a hand wheel and rack worked by
hand or self-acting movements, there being a stop for enabling any number of
tenons to be cut the same length. On the slide there is a fence, which can be
placed perpendicular or at an angle, and adjusted to suit the various thick-
nesses of wood to be tenoned, and the fence when adjusted is secured by screws
with wing nuts or handles.
The timber to be acted upon is fastened by an improved dog cramp
arranged as follows:-At the top of the fence there is an adjustable rod having
a vertical projection, and to the rod is jointed a double lever having its lower

page_text: arm for coming in contact with the timber, and its upper arm provided with
a screw hole to which is fitted a screw provided with a handle, so that when
the point of the screw is forced against the projection the timber is held with
any required strength without any strain on the slide. At the end of the bed
there is a vertical slide having at the top part a slot, and at the bottom a cross
bar, the slide being worked by a lever on a pin in the slot, or by a crank
driven by hand or motive power, and to the slide I fix two or more cutters
adjustable horizontally and fixed by bolts. At the back of each cutter I place
a key acted upon by a screw for regulating the edge of the cutter to the face
of the bed, and thus enable a clear cut to be given to the shoulder of the
tenon, there being an adjustable brass plate fixed to the bed for protecting the
edge of the cutter. .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Blackett Haigh in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th January 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BLACKETT HAIGH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Blackett Haigh, Her special licence that I, the said William
Blackett Haigh, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said William Blackett Haigh, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TENONING WOOD," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Blackett Haigh, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within 'six' calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Blackett Haigh, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists in various improvements of machinery for enabling
tenons to be formed with greater accuracy than has hitherto been attained,
and also in an improved dog cramp for holding the wood or timber, which
improvements will be clearly understood by the following particular descrip-
tion thereof, reference being had to the figures and letters on the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, in which Figs. 1, 2, and 3 are front, side, and back eleva-
tions of one of my improved machines for tenoning wood, and Fig. 4 a detached
section shewing some of the parts.
I employ a suitable stand or frame a, having at the top a planed face, on
which is fixed the bed b of a slide rest carrying a slide c, which can be moved
to and fro by the pressure of the hand, or by a rack d and pinion e worked
by hand or by self-acting movements, there being stops f, g, for enabling any
number of tenons to be cut the same length. On the slide c there is a fence h,
which can be placed perpendicular or at an angle, and adjusted to suit the
various thicknesses of wood to be tenoned, and the fence when adjusted is
secured by screws and nuts.
The timber i to be tenoned is fastened by an improved dog cramp arranged
as follows:-In holes in the fence h there is a rod k having a vertical projec-
tion l, and to the rod sjointed a double lever having its lower arm m formed
for coming in contact with the timber, and its upper arm n provided with a
screwed hole, to which is fitted a screw o with a handle p, so that when the
point of the screw is forced against the projection the timber is held with any
required strength without any strain on the slide, and by enlarging the foot m¹
several pieces of timber can be held at the same time. At the back end of
the bed there is a vertical slide q, having at the top part a pin r, and at the
bottom a tie bar s, the slide being worked by a lever t, or by a crank driven
by hand or motive power, the tie bar being either straight, as shewn in the
Figure, or curved like a box at the front of the slide. To this slide I fix a
pair of cutters u, Figs. 3 and 4, for scribing or indenting the timber, and also
a pair of cutters v, Figs. 3 and 4, for cutting or forming the tenon, and both
sets of cutters can be adjusted horizontally according to the various widths of
the tenons. The tops of the lower cutters have inclined edges with which
the inclined heads of the bolts w are in contact, so that when the bolts are
loose the cutters can be adjusted, as required, and afterwards held fast by
screwing up the bolts. The cutters v are held by the heads of the bolts

page_text: after they are adjusted, the bolts being loosened when the cutters have to be
shifted horizontally. At the back of each cutter v I place a key y acted upon
by screws for regulating the edge of the cutter to the face of the bed, and
thus enable a clear cut to be given to the shoulder of the tenon, there being
an adjustable brass plate a' attached to the bed for protecting the edge of the
cutter; and, when desired, small keys may be placed behind the cutters u.
By fixing the cutters to a slide tied at the bottom by a cross bar the cutters
have no tendency to spring outwards, and therefore very deep tenons can be
cut of an equal thickness throughout.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim in machinery for tenoning wood the improved dog cramp for
holding one or more pieces of timber without any strain on the slide; the
improved slide with a tie bar at the bottom, as shewn at q, s; the seribing
cutters with their holding bolts w; and the small keys y for regulating the
edges of the cutters, as all such improvements are herein described and
illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Blackett Haigh, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
WILLIAM BLACKETT HAIGH. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Blackett
Haigh, in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.