Improvements in Apparatus for Taking and Exhibiting Series of Photographs.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 14th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 27th Mar., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Taking and Exhibiting Series of
Photographs.
We, JOSEPH OULTON, of 8, Hill Side Terrace, Bradford, in the County
of York. Clock Maker, and WILLIAM SHAW and REGINALD HENRY ADAMS,
both of 50, Lyndhurst Street, Bradford, aforesaid, Clock Makers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for taking and exhibiting
series of photographs as for instance kinetescope films.
For this purpose we employ a continuous photographic or picture film contained
in a suitable casing and mounted on reels or holders. The film is made with cross
perforations between the pictures which perforations are engaged by pins on
a revolving cylinder intermittently operated to move the film between each
exposure. A shutter is provided which is automatically opened and closed each
time the film is brought to rest. By this means a series of photographs may be
taken on a sensitized, film or a series of pictures may be exhibited to produce a
kinetescopic effect.
The intermittent motion may be communicated to said cylinder from a
continuously revolving spindle by means of a segment wheel arranged to engage a
toothed wheel fixed to the cylinder and provided with a spring stop or detent
adapted to be disengaged by a pin or tappet on the segment wheel. Instead of
said spring stop the cylinder may be locked between each movement by suitable
pins or projections upon its face engaging the circular periphery or a suitably
formed portion of a disc fixed to the segment wheel. For this purpose a "lantern
wheel may be employed on the cylinder and the segment wheel may have
anti-friction teeth. In place of the segment wheel a suitably notched disc may be
employed to engage one of a series of pins or their equivalent on the cylinder wheel
at each revolution. In this case a spring arm may be provided to hold the pin
next to be engaged against the circular part of said disc and also impart the first
part of the movement to this pin wheel.
A spring barrel may be employed instead of said cylinder. The barrel arbor
may be continuously rotated and the barrel be alternately locked and released so
that each time it is released it is free to spring round the required distance.
The rotary motion required to drive the reel on which the film is wound may be
transmitted by a comparatively slack band from either the continuously driven
spindle or the cylinder spindle.
Instead of a continuous film small films or pictures may be mounted in a suitable
carrier.
Dated this 12th dose of Anvil 1906
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Patent Agents..

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Taking and Exhibiting Series of
Photographs.
We, JOSEPH OULTON, of 8, Hill Side Terrace, Bradford, in the County
of York, Clock Maker, and WILLIAM SHAW and REGINALD HENRY ADAMS,
both of 50, Lyndhurst Street, Bradford, aforesaid, Clock Makers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for taking, and exhibiting
series of photographs as for instance kinetescope films.
To fully describe our invention reference is made to the accompanying sheets of
drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters indicate
corresponding parts in each of the figures.
Figure 1, represents a side elevation of an optical lantern with our improvements
applied to it. Figure 2, represents a plan view of the same.
Figure 3, represents a separate view on a larger scale of the side of the lantern
front fitted with the film operating mechanism. Figure 4, represents a section of
the same.
Figure 5, a view of the underside of same, and Figure 6, a horizontal
sectional view of a portion of the same.
Figure 7 represents a side view of the device for alternately driving and locking
the sprocket roller operating the film; and Figure 8, a view of the other side of
the same.
Figure 9, represents a side elevation of a camera fitted with our improvements.
Figure 10, is a longitudinal sectional view of the same, and Figure 11, is a plan 'view
without the case.
Figures 12, to 19 are views of modified arrangements for alternately driving and
locking the sprocket wheel.
The lantern A is mounted upon a base board A 2 upon the other end of which
the pillar A 3 is fixed carrying the hand driving wheel A 4. The film represented
by the broken lines a Figure 4, is drawn out of the film box A 6, down through
the opening A 7, under the sprocket roller C over the bobbin or guide roller A 8
loosely mounted upon the spindle B. The spindle B is driven by the pulley B 2
connected by a band A 9 to the wheel A 4, and the segment wheel B 3 is fixed upon
its other end. The wheel B 3 is fitted with three anti-friction rollers B 4 forming
anti-friction teeth and these teeth at each revolution engage the runs or wire
teeth C2 of the lantern pinion C 3 fixed upon the arbor C4 of the sprocket
roller C. Between each movement of the sprocket wheel it is held stationary by
means of the circular portion of the periphery of the locking disc B 5 fixed on B
and engaging pins C 6 projecting from the face of C 3. The arbors B and C 4 are
mounted in bearings formed in the projections B 6 formed upon the underside of the
lantern front A. 5.
A sheet metal guide piece E is provided to keep the film closely in contact with
the sprocket roller C and a guide piece E 2 is also provided to guide the film round
the roller A 8.
The shutter D is operated by the cam D 2 on the spiudle B engaging the arm D 3
of the lever D 4 mounted in the projections B 6. The other arm D 6 of this lever
engages the shutter and raises it to open it each time the lever is engaged by the
cam the spring D5 fixed to A 5 is provided to engage the lever arm D 6 and
instantaneously close the shutter when the cam releases the arm D 3.
Instead of the locking disc B 5 the arbor C 4 and the wheel C 3 may be locked
as shown in Figures 12 and 13. In these views the wheels C 3 and B 3 are shown
with ordinary teeth. The wheel C 3 is locked by the spring finger F engaging one
of the notches F 2 in the projection F 3 on the face of C3. Immediately before

page_text: the segmental teeth B4 engage the teeth C2 of C3 the finger F is sprung aside
clear of the notch it engages by the cam or projection F 4 on B 3.
In the arrangement shown in Figures 14, 15 and 16 the wheel C 3 has a number
of pins G projecting from its face and these pins are alternately engaged by the
notch G2 in the wheel B 3. The pins G are so arranged that two of them
normally bear upon the periphery of B 3 and consequently C 3 is locked excepting
when the notch G2 engages one of the pins. To cause the pins to enter the
notch the spring arm G 3 is provided having an inclined end G 4 which bears upon
one of the pins in such a manner that it tends to slightly turn C 3 in the direction
of the arrow Figure 16.
To obtain a more instantaneous movement of the arbor C as for instance to
enable the shutter to be dispensed with we may employ the arrangement shown in
Figures 17, 18 and 19. The arbor or sprocket B is continuously driven and is
fitted with a toothed pinion H which engages a wheel H 2 on the arbor H 3 of a
spring barrel H 4 containing a spring which is connected to the arbor and to the
barrel in any ordinary way. The spring barrel has the same number of teeth H 5
upon its periphery as there are teeth in the wheel H 2 and the teeth H 5 engage a
pinion H6 (having the same number of teeth as H) upon the arbor C4 of the
sprocket wheel. The arbor C4 is provided with two arms or escapement
pallets H 7 which project on opposite sides and escapement notches H 8 are cut
in the opposite sides of the spindle B. As the spindle B is rotated the notches are
alternately brought round opposite the arm H 7 then bearing upon it and the arm
is free to pass and consequently the spindle C 4 is instantaneously turned the part
of a revolution and stopped by the other arm H7 engaging B. The speed at
which the spindle C4 is moved depends upon the power of the spring in the
spring barrel. The pawl H 9 is provided to prevent the wheel H 2 being turned in
the reverse direction.
In the camera shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11 the sprocket wheel C is driven in
the same manner as the one in the lantern. The film a is drawn off the reel J over
the sheet metal shield E behind the shutter D round the guide roller J 3 over the
sprocket wheel C and past the guide roller J 4 on to the reel J 5. The reel J 5 is
driven by a slack band J 6 from the pulley J7 upon the spindle B.
Although we have shown the sprocket rollers with sprocket teeth adapted to
engage perforations on each side of the picture film (as at present this is the
standard form of film) we may perforate the film between the pictures as shown
in Figure 20, Sheet 1 which represents a portion of a film with cross perforations a 2
located between the pictures on the film. In that case of course the sprocket teeth
are adapted to engage such perforations.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. The mechanism for intermittently operating photographic films shown and
described with reference to Figures 1 to 8, for the purpose specified.
2. The mechanism for intermittently operating photographic films shown and
described with reference to Figures 12 and 13 for the purpose specified.
3. The mechanism for intermittently operating photographic films shown and
described with reference to Figures 14, 15 and 16 for the purpose specified.
4. The mechanism for intermittently operating photographic films shown and
described with reference to Figures 17, 18 and 19 for the purpose specified.
5. A picture film having cross perforations between the pictures, substantially as
herein shown and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 12th day of January 1897
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Patent Agents.