Year: 1896

page_text: A communication from LEON MARTIN DE LA MOUTTE, of Paris, in the Republic
of France.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111 Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The present invention bas for its object the construction and operation of turbine
or driving wheel apparatus worked by liquids which are vaporised under 100° C.,
such for instance as ether, chloroform, acetone etc.
The generator, which may be of any shape and be multitubular or otherwise,
consists preferably of a boiler of a flattened pear shape, in which ether (or other
analogous liquid) is to be vaporised. This receptacle is placed in a second boiler
under which is arranged a hearth which may be replaced by a row of gas-flumes or
any other suitable heating device.
This second boiler fulfils the duty of a water-bath so that there is no pressure
whatever, and water or any other suitable liquid which it contains such as oil,
glycerine or the like by its transmitted heat vaporises the ether which is then
conducted to the turbine.
This turbine, of any desired construction, having vanes, buckets or the like, is
provided with an ajutage or tube through which the other vapours enter for the
forward movement, and with a second nozzle or tube for the backward movement
of the wheel. These two nozzles are connected to the vapour chest, in which is
placed a slide-valve, the valve-rod of which is formed at its upper part into a
toothed rack and is operated from the outside by means of a hand wheel actunting
a pinion; this haud wheel has on its rim the necessary indications in order to
enable the exact position of the slide valve on the valve-seat to be known at any
time.
This scat has three openings, one admitting vapour to the "forward" tube,
another admitting vapour to the "backward" tube, and the third which is placed
between the two others and which allows the vapour to pass directly from the
valve chest to the exhaust through a tube or passage. It may be remarked that
Beveral turbines may be coupled on the same driving shaft.
The slide valve is arranged in such manner that when one of the openings to
the nozzles is fully uncovered, the other one is covered. It enables, however, both
these orifices to be partially uncovered at the same time as well as the exhaust
passage when it is desired to diminish the velocity of the turbine.
From the exhaust a pipe conducts the expanded vapour to the condenser which
can be used as a bed-plate or stand for the turbine, or be placed at the side of the
turbine and at a certain distance therefrom.
This condenser may be of any desired and well-known construction; as is chosen
here, to illustrate the invention, it comprises a casing having an inclined plate, and
is placed over a reservoir for the ether. Corrugated tubes open at both ends

page_text: connect the plate to the ether reservoir. These tubes are covered by sheaths of
felt or cloth, supported by a plate and continuously wetted by water or other
suitable liquid entering through a pipe and oscaping through another pipe into a
bucket or receptacle. The condenser is provided with a hand pump which enables
the ether to bo pumped up from the reservoir through a pipe and to be forced
into the receptacle of the generator through a second pipe.
The latter also is used during the working of the apparatus, to pump the
ether from the reservoir and to send it into the generator by means of an
injector.
A ventilator actuated by the turbine is used to establish a circulation of air
between the condenser tubes, which might be simply circular and wound into coils,
the air catering through the lower holes of the casing and escaping through the
upper orifices in order to lower by evaporation the temperature of the water
permeating the felt and to facilitate thereby the condensation of the ether.
Finally according to the vaporisable liquid employed the condenser may be
supplemented by a mechanical or chemical refrigorating system.
In order to avoid in this apparatus the escape of the ether vapours through the
joints, all the parts are covered which could allow such escape by an envelope
filled with glycerine, oil or any other suitable liquid. Thus the turbine, all its
pipes and the valve chest which are immersed in glycerine are covered with a
casing of sheet-iron. In the same manner the injector is immersed in the liquid
contained in a reservoir and the pump in another reservoir.
The working of this motor is now easily understood.
The generator receptacle contains a small quantity of ether (or any other liquid
which cau be vaporised at less the 100° C.) which is heated either by a water-bath
from the hearth or directly by fire and is thus converted into vapour under a
certain pressure. It escapes then into the valve chest. The slide-valve being
open the turbine rotates its vanes or buckets being impelled by the vapour striking
against them. The said vapour after having accompanied the vanes over a certain
length of the periphery of the turbine escapes through the oxhaust and enters
through a pipe into the condensor.
In this condenser the vapour passes through the wavy or corrugated pipes kept
constantly cooled by the sheaths of cloth permeated with water and by a ventilator
or by any other cooling system, and this vapour being thus condensed falls in a
liquid state into the reservoir.
The ether coutained in this reservoir can be delivered into the generator in two.
different ways: either continuously by an injector, as during the working of the
apparatus, or by means of a pump, which is especially used for starting or in case
the receptacle is empty.
It is not absolutely necessary for the receptacle to contain a reserve of liquid,
it will work as well if ether is injected and instantly vaporised on its walls heated
by the water of the surrounding bath or directly by fire. In order to assist
the vaporisation au atomizer may be placed at the entrance of the liquid iuto the
receptacle.
Dated this 20th day of & must 1906
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant,

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Turbine or similar Apparatus, and
the Method of Operating the same.
A communication from LEON MARTIN DE LA MOUTTE, of Paris, in the Republic
of France.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111 Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
•
The present invention has for its object the construction and operation of turbine
or driving wheel apparatus worked by liquids, which are vapourised under 100° C.
such for instance as ether, chloroform, acetone, etc.
In order to render the nature of this invention better understood, it is illustrated
in the accompanying drawing, in which is shown one of the arrangements which
can be employed.
In this drawing
Figure 1, is a vertical section through the turbine provided with its generator,
condenser and accessories.
Figure 2, is a transverse cross section on the line y of Figure 1, and
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the line ez of Figure 1.
The generator which may be of any convenient shape and be multitubular or
otherwise is here represented as a receptacle (A), of a flattened pear shape in
which the ether (or other analogous liquid) is to be vaporised. This receptacle A
is placed in a boiler C under which is arranged a hearth B which may be replaced
by a row of gas-flames or any other suitable heating device.
This boiler fulfils the function of a water-bath so that there is no undue pressure
and water or any other suitable liquid which it contains such as oil, glycerine or
the like by its transmitted heat vaporises the ether which is then conducted to the
turbine T.
This turbine of any desired construction having vanes buckets or the like, is
provided with a nozzle or tube t through which the ether vapours enter for the
forward movement and with a second nozzle or tube t' for the backward movement
of the wheel. These two nozzles are in communication with a vapour chest D in
which is placed a slide valve E the rode of which is formed at its upper part into a
toothed rack and is operated from the outside by means of a hand wheel actuating
a pinion e in engagement with the rack this hand wheel has ou its rim the necessary
indications in order to enable the exact position of the slide valve on the valve
sent F to be known at any time.
This seat F has three openings;-the first admitting vapours to the "forward"
nozzle t another f admitting vapour to the "backward" nozzle t¹ and the
third g which is placed between the other two allows the vapour to pass directly
from the valve chest (D) to the exhaust G through a tube or passage g. It
may be remarked that several turbines may be coupled on the same driving
shaft.
The slide valve E is arranged in such inanner that when one of the openings to
the nozzles is fully uncovered, the other one is covered. Both these orifices
can however be partially uncovered at the same time as well as the exhaust
pasange gl when it is desired to diminish the velocity of the turbine.
From the exhaust G a pipe El conducts the expanded vapour to the condenser
which can be used as a bed-plate or stand for the turbine as shown in the drawing,
or it may be placed at the side of the turbine and at a distance therefrom.

page_text: The condenser may be of any desired or well-known construction; such as is
chosen here, to illustrate the invention, it comprises a casing I having an inclined
plate and is placed over a reservoir K for the ether. Corrugated tubes L open
at both ends connect the plate J to the ether reservoir K. These tubes are
covered by sheaths of felt or cloth supported by a plate M and are kept
continuously wetted by water or other suitable liquid entering through a pipe m
and escaping through another pipe n into a bucket or receptacle N. The condenser
is provided with a hand pump P which enables the ether to be pumped up from
the reservoir K through a pipe p and to be forced into the receptacle A of the
generator through a second pipe o.
The latter also is used during the working of the apparatus to pump the
ether from the reservoir K and to deliver it into the generator A by means of an
injector R.
A ventilator V actuated from the turbine shaft is used to establish a circulation
of air between the condenser tubes L which might be circular and wound in coils,
the air entering through the lower holes i of the casing I and escaping through
the upper orifices in order to lower by evaporation the temperature of the
water permeating the felt and to facilitate thereby the condensation of the ether.
Finally according to the vapourising liquid employed-the condenser may be
supplemented by a mechanical or chemical refrigerating system.
In order to avoid in the apparatus the escape of the ether vapours through the
joints all the parts which could allow such escape are covered with an envelope
or casing containing glycerine, oil or any other suitable liquid. Thus the turbine T
all its pipes and the valve chest which are surrounded with glycerine are covered
with an outer casing preferably of sheet-iron. In the same manner the injector R
is immersed in the liquid contained in a reservoir 7 and the pump P in a similar
reservoir.
The working of the motor will be readily nuderstood.
The generator receptacle A contains a small quantity of ether (or any other
liquid which can be vaporised at a comparatively low temperature such as a
temperature less than 100° C.) which is heated either in a water bath C from the
hearth B or directly by fire, flame etc. and is thus converted into vapour under a
certain pressure. It escapes then into the valve chest D. The slido valve E
being open the position shown in Figure 1, the turbine rotates in the direction
indicated by the arrow its vanes or buckets being impelled by the vapour striking
against them. The said vapour after having accompanied the vanes over a certain
length of the periphery of the turbine escapes through the exhaust G and enters
through a pipe H into the condenser.
In this condenser the vapour passes through the wavy coiled or corrugated
pipes L kept constantly cooled by the sheaths of cloth saturated with cool water
and by a ventilator V or by any other cooling system and this vapour being thus
condensed falls in a liquid state into the reservoir K.
The ether contained in this reservoir can be delivered into the generator in
two different ways:-either continuously by au injector R during the working of
the apparatus or by means of the pump P which is especially used for starting or
in case the receptacle A is empty.
It is not absolutely necessary for the receptacle A to contain a reserve of liquid.
It will work just as well if ether is injected and instantly vaporised on its walls
heated by the water of the surrounding bath or directly by fire. In order to
assist the vaporisation an atomizer may be placed at the entrance of the liquid into
the receptacle A..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion as communicated to nie by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. Turbine apparatus in which a. liquid which vapourises at a temperature
below 100° C. is vapourised in a vessel in communication with a valve leading to a

page_text: turbine or driving wheel the vapours being subsequently condensed and returned
to the vapourising vessel substantially as described.
2. In turbine apparatus of the character described a pear shaped vapourising
vessel heated by a water bath or direct flame or fire in combination with a slide
valve for regulating the admission of the vapourised liquid to the turbine said
valve having three passages for regulating the direction and rotation of the wheel
and vapour condensing apparatus and a pump or injector to return the condensed
liquid to the vapourising vessel for re-use substantially as described.
3. In turbine apparatus of the character described casings filled with glycerine,
oil and other similar liquid packing surrounding parts from which vapour might
escape such as the turbine slide valve pump or. injector substantially as
described.
4. In turbine apparatus of the character described a chamber comprising
condensing tubes covered with felt cloth or the like and ineans for keeping the
same constantly wet, with or without a fan or ventilator for assisting in condensation
of the vapour substantially as described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
turbine apparatus substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this intimacy
1008
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.