Improvements in Hot Air Stoves, Gas Cooking, Heating, and Ironing Appliances.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aor., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 15th Jan.. 1897-Accepted, 3rd Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Air Stoves, Gas Cooking, Heating, and
Ironing Appliances.
1 ELI PLATTS GREENWOOD of 33 Brompton Street Cheetham Manchester
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I construct a gas cooking and heating stove, the gas fire to stand on the floor,
this may be arranged as follows.
A number of pendants made from glass, or other material of any colour, in the
form of leaves, or any other shape, arranged to overlap each other, or a number
of coloured glass frets. A number of automatic spiral columns to give the
appearance of a fire with a live rising flame, the motion to be got from an
automatic motor or from the rising hot air, to be fitted in the fire space with
illuminating burners above or below as found most suitable, or may be fitted with
a Bunsen burner. Behind and above these illuminating burners an enamelled
reflector to be fitted, with or without a number of holes in, and may have a damper
attached or may be used not enamelled, to collect and deflect the heat on to the
burner flames always retaining a quantity of hot air underneath (which is also
deflected into the room direct) this ensures better combustion and a bright light,
the heat after passing from under the reflector to rise through a grid that holds
a quantity of irregular shaped hollow balls up in position, made from fire clay or
other material, these will retain the heat and prevent it passing up the flue too
quickly. The heat stored up in these hollow balls and coming in contact with
pure air chambers passing through the space that contains them, will heat the pure
air which will then rise into the room through the perforated outer casting, or the
above stove may be constructed with an iron plate or other material with projecting
points or pieces on the under side, one end of this plate to rest on a brick which
stands in a vertical position at the back of fire, the other end to stand forward'
several inches and fixed to the front casting at a much higher level, allowing
space at the top for the fumes to pass, causing this plate to stand out in front at an
angle making the top part of stove to stand forward considerably beyond the red
hot part of fire (where Bunsen burner is used). Instead of using an iron plate
as above the brick at the back of fire may be extended at an angle, or in place
of this a curved brick may be used, or a straight brick to stand forward at the
top several inches (say six or twelve). In all the above cases the front casting
of fire will stand forward at the top several inches to suit the angle that the
extended plate or brick is set at and will have an extra large fire space opening,
say for a gas fire thirty inches high over all, the open fire space to start about
four inches from the floor and to be about nineteen inches high, the canopy to be
about seven inches high and to stand forward considerably beyond the red hot part
of fire to collect the fumes into the flue, the space between canopy and the top of
the extended brick or plate to be about two inches and full width of fire space.
The fire bars to stand vertical and extended at the same angle as the brick or
plate and to stand full height of the open fire space, to be fitted in front leaving
space about three inches deep between the above brick or plate and the extended
fire bars, this space to be filled up to the top of the open fire space with hollow
balls, or the vertical part of fire for say eight inches high to be filled, then a space

page_text: one or two inches high without and the space above filled to the top, this will
allow the bottom part of fire to get bright red before the heat can be conducted
above. By this arrangement the heat after leaving the ordinary fire space will
be compelled to pass under the above extended brick or plate and mingle with the
extra hollow balls between the above brick or plate and extended fire bars (and
through several tubes above on its passage to the flue outlet) thereby causing
a greater heat to be deflected on to the floor level with waste heat direct into
the room.
I also use with gas fire in combination with Bunsen burner, a mirror or
reflector of any material set so that the fire is made to look larger, this mirror or
reflector may be made to form the trivet and may be continued up each side of
fire. The above stove may also be made with a boiler at the top or at the back
of fire for water, heated by the waste heat from fire below, there may also be a
separate burner fixed to heat. it when the fire is not in use, this hot water boiler
may be connected with the supply of cold water with ball tap and cylinder and
also connected with the bath in the house where fixed.
A gas fire burner for the above may be arranged as follows to prevent lighting
back when turned low, a Bunsen burner of the ordinary type for gas fires may be
used, with the air and gas inlets in the first chamber between each bend, the air
and gas to travel in a horizontal direction each way or may go only one way,
round each or only one end, and along a second mixing chamber (this second
chamber may be.above, below, or, at any angle to the first chamber) and out at a
number of nipples or nozzles with openings for the flame to come out in a
horizontal or downward direction or may be used with the flame to rise slightly,
but this is not so good as when in a downward direction, the underside of the
above nipples or nozzles may be cut away. A space to be formed under the
burner for air supply. The advantage of the above arrangement is that the flame
with products of combustion rise inside the burner directly the gas is turned low
and thereby smothers itself out. The flame issuing from the burner in a horizontal
or slightly downward direction and having an air supply under the flame ensures
better combustion as there is more of the flame in direct contact with the air
supply, there is also a minimum distance for the air and gas to travel inside the
burner, and no extra checks on its passage to deaden the pressure and the flame.
This same principle may be used for other Bunsen burners, for a gas iron I
arrange a burner with a crank in the mixing chamber, in this case to check the
back pressure, and lodge the fumes, or products of combustion when there is a
tendency to light back, the outlet end of burner to be indented on the under side
and the top side.to be extra wide and long to spread the flame and also to collect
the products when turned low so that they will rise inside the burner and smother
out the flame.
The above gas fire burner may be fixed so as to play opposite a hollow part at
the bottom of brick at the fire back, which continues under the burner just past
the nipple ends (this will direct the flame upwards when there is a great pressure)
or the burner may be fixed the opposite way with a light brick fixed in front and
under the burner (allowing an air space between) with projecting pieces on to hold
the hollow balls up, this would get red hot and form part of fire. Above this fire
is fixed a boiling and grilling chamber, the boiler & griller is constructed as
follows, the burner or burners to have the kettle rests cast on, or these may be
cast separate and fixed to the burner, or sides, also two strong snugs cast on
the underside to fix the sides to which forms the space under the burner for
grilling, the deflector plates to have a stud cast on the top side of each, to slide
between guides cast between the kettle rests on burner these deflector plates to
rest and slide on the top edges of the grill side castings.
By the above arrangement the top frame and back castings are discarded.
At the top of this chamber is fixed a hood to take away all the waste heat
into the flue, or into an oven above, the top side of this hood to form the bottom
of the oven above.

page_text: The outside castings of this oven are screwed together in the usual way behind
the front frame two ribs or strips may be cast on at each side of oven forming
grooves to receive the enamelled linings, instead of grooves several projecting
pieces may be cast on to hold the side linings in their place. The crown plate
lining of oven to also have grooves to receive the top edges of the back and side
linings, or several snugs to stand down on each side of the linings, this plate to
also have projecting corners to come in contact with the outer castings, this will
set the oven square. The back edges of each of the side linings to come against
two or more distance snugs or stops with pieces notched out, (cast on the outer
back or on the sides) to receive the back edges of the side linings this will prevent
the side linings coming out of the grooves in the front and also forms a distance
piece at each side of cooker for slag wool space and when the back lining is put
into position against four distance stops cast on the outer hack it forces the two
sides against the above distance pieces and holds them in their place. The sides
and back linings to be turned under at an acute angle at the bottom (this will cause
the fat to drop off at the front edge) and to rest on a rib cast on the outer castings,
the ribs on the outer castings and the parts of linings that are turned under, will
make a joint, and hold the slag wool up.
The oven may be lined or packed with sheets of slag wool or other non-conductor
sewn together, or sandwiched, and made just the size for each side back, top & door
so that after the outside parts of oven are fitted together these sheets can be fixed
in position and the inside linings fixed against them, or the slag wool may be put
into its place loose and a light ganze or netting fixed against it to keep it in
position. When the inside enamelled plates are taken out for cleaning the slag
wool will not fall out of place.
To prevent the slag wool bellying the linings on the inside, I fix two ribs across
the back of linings with a hole in the centre of each for a hook bolt or say one or
more eye bolts riveted to the back of each lining or only the back lining, and the
outside casting to have a slot cast in opposite so that a hook bolt can be put
through and fixed to the rib or the eye bolt, a large washer is put on the hook
bolt to cover the slet in the outer casting then the nut screwed up whilst the linings
are straight. Two hook bolts in the back lining would be sufficient to fix the lot
if sandwiched slag wool is used.
Inside the oven will be free from screw heads. The door plate can also be
fixed the same as the back linings. All the linings will be free to expand aud
contract.
I arrange a number of holes in the sides, back, and front, or one large hole near
the bottom of oven, this may be directed into the flue in the form of a bypass, with
this arrangement the ordinary flue outlet will do very small, the bypass at the
bottom of the oven becoming the main flue outlet, or the oven to be made entirely
without the ordinary flue outlet at the top and to have the flue outlet at the bottom
just above the level of burners.
A circulation with the hot air will be formed inside the oven, the heat rising to
the top and the cooler air falling to the outlet at the bottom on the same principle
as the circulation of hot water in a boiler when heat is applied. The improvement
is, the same volume of air being reheated or super-heated so as to get a considerably
higher degree of heat with a less ratio of gas burnt, on the principle that a
considerably higher ratio of steam pressure is got from the same proportion of coal
consumed.
The greater the heat the more persistent it remains at the top part of the
oven, such that the entire duty of the heat is exhausted before it makes its
exit at the bottom, which at the same time having a larger ratio of pure air
in the volume, from a hygienic point of view is sure to have considerable
advantages for cooking purposes.
In combination with this oven I arrange a loose plate to fit the oven at any
height, so that the oven can be reduced in size according to requirements.
This reheating may be done as follows the reheated volume may consist entirely

page_text: of pure hot air, heated by coal, oil, or gas,, an oven with suitable size of super-
heating chamber with outlet to. suit, such that the cooking chamber shall receive
this extra heat which will instantly mix with cooler air and become reduced to the
normal heat as required for cooking purposes such that a comparatively small
volume from the highly heated chamber will be sufficient for the considerably
increased volume but suitably reduced heat in the cooking chamber as stated above,
the waste heat after passing through the outlet at the bottom of the oven may be
conducted into another oven for slow cooking, proving, or rising the dough.
The top part of a reheating chamber may have holes through to receive pans &
kettles and an oven may be arranged near the top for cooking purposes, a damper
to form the bottom, this damper arranged to slide in just below the oven door so
that when chops and the like are put in and the door closed, this damper can be
regulated the heat will then circulate in this oven, before looking at them or taking
them out the damper to he closed to prevent waste of heat, a similar arrangement
of damper.might be used for the pans or they may be automatic.
This same principle can be applied to water heaters several coils of pipe or
several chambers for the water might be arranged inside this reheating chamber.
The same principle may be applied to existing gas cookers, allowing a space for
the outlet, level with the burners, or say one or two inches above the level of
burners for oven, so that when the oven is fully charged with the volume of hot
air or products of combustion increased beyond the capacity of the oven in a
downward direction and the damper has accidentally been left closed, or the outlet
pipe for waste heat is made up, or an abnormal pressure of gas the above space will
become the safety outlet and prevent the hot air or products of combustion
smothering the oven burners and thus avoid an explosion..
This oven to have two burners arranged so that they can be used for grilling and
boiling when the oven is not in use, or for grilling when the oven is in use, with
waste heat deflected.
The waste heat from the fire below may pass up a space full width of the back
of oven, or directed into the oven. This oven may be constructed with a division
plate to stand vertical in the centre, and to have two doors to meet in the
centre making two ovens, and when this centre plate is withdrawn it becomes one
large oven.
By this arrangement of fire, grill chamber with hood, and the oven above, all the
waste products of combustion steam and the like are conducted into the flue, which
keeps the room cool and more healthy.
I also construct part of an oven to fit inside the gas oven to prevent pastry and
the like being burnt at the bottom this inner oven to be without top or door and
to have a single case or double cased bottom packed with a non-conductor, the back
and sides to he single cased, the sides to have runners or shelf rests fixed on for
cake tins to slide on, the sides and back to be perforated near the top as found to
best advantage, so that the heat can get into the pastry oven direct at various
heights and direct on to the top of the pastry before passing to the flue outlet.
For a confectioners oven this may be made with a perforated top either iron or
brick the hot air to come through the perforations from the top side direct on to
the top of the pastry and pass up an outlet in the centre of the top or at the sides,
the above top plate could be the only place inside the oven where the products
of combustion come into the inner oven or the bottom of this oven may be
perforated and a damper fixed so that the bottom heat can be regulated.
This portable, or fixed inner oven may be enamelled and when put inside the
gas oven to leave a space on each side and back for the heat to rise, or the
double cased bottom of the above may be used without the back and sides
attached and used under the tin with the pastry on allowing space for the heat to
pass at the sides and back at any height of the gas oven.
An improved stipply tap for the above stove, the plug of tap to have a pin
Atted in the usual way as a stop when the gas is full on, or off, I arrange an
adjustable stop casting with a number of holes in a circular direction with a

page_text: projecting piece to come in contact with a projection, or the lever on plug, to form
a stop when set, the above casting to bed on a flange cast or fitted to the barrel
of tap, this to also have a number of holes in a circular direction equal or unequal
distances apart arranged so that when the adjustable one is moved very slightly
in a circular direction say one sixteenth of an inch from the previous setting on a
diameter line of say two inches, there will always be one of the holes in the
adjustable stop and one of the holes in the flange opposite so that a pad lock can
readily be put through and locked in that position. By this arrangement the
supply can be regulated to a nicety and can be turned off with the same tap,
or a spring may be fixed to the lever of plug, this spring to bear on an adjustable
quadrant with one or more notches in and fitted to the barrel of tap. When the
gas is turned low just the size required according to the pressure and supply
where it is fixed, the adjustable notch can be set. There may be an adjustable
notch to set for full on, and one for a portion only on. These notches to be rounded
off on the top corners so that the spring on lever will readily slip in and out. I use
a straight spring, at the end that rests in the not ches on the top side I arrange
two ears to stand up and span the lever of tap, this will prevent the spring moving
sidewise. The above construction of tap may be used for each burner or for a
main tap to supply the oven, boiling burners, and fire, and when set to the amount
of gas to be used may be locked so that servants cannot turn more on but may
turn it off, or may be locked when turned off.
Dated this 14th day of April 1896.
ELI PLATTS GREENWOOD.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hot Air Stoves, Gas Cooking, Heating, and
Ironing Appliances.
ELI PLATTS. GREENWOOD Engineer, 33 Brompton Street Cheetham Manchester
in the County of Lancashire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to improvements in stoves as follows, a gas heating stove
arranged to stand on the floor with a boiling and grilling chamber above and a
hood over this chamber to take away the products of combustion, the top side of
this hood to form the bottom of an oven above. A heating stove may be arranged
with only an oven above utilizing the waste heat from the fire below for cooking
purposes. Gas heating and cooking to be done by gas and air products or by a
circulating current of pure hot air that may be reheated by the same fire, gas, oil,
coke, or coal may be used, this heated pure air to be a continual supply into the
oven and to act in the same manner as the air and gas products inside the ordinary
gas stove. An improved burner for gas irons having a crank in the mixing
chamber to lodge the funies & smother the flame to prevent lighting back to jet;
the end of burner is also indented and extra wide and long to collect the fumes
into the burner; there is also a combined spreader & deflector attached. The
following is a description of drawings.
The same letters or figures of reference indicate the same parts in all the.
figures.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation.
Fig. 2..is a front elevation not showing the hollow balls.
Fig. 3. is a plan of fire, from base to fire top, not showing the hollow balls.
Fig. 4. is a plan of boiler & griller fixed in the grilling & boiling chamber
above the fire.

page_text: Fig. 5. is a plan of the oven above hood A showing portable shelf rests B.
Fig. 6. is an enlarged plan showing the construction of the body part of th
oven.
Fig. 7. is a sectional elevation showing how the sides & back linings with peg
riveted in rest on rib cast on the outer sides & back.
Fig. 8 is a side elevation of heating stove with deflector, coloured glas
frets & illuminating burners; this may be used in place of the fire with Bunse
burner as shown in Figs. 1, 2, & 3.
Fig. 9. is a side elevation.
Fig. 10 is a front elevation not showing hollow balls.
Fig. 11 is a plan not showing hollow balls.
Each of these Figs. 9, 10, & 11 are the same in principle as Fig. 8, with th
exception of pure hot air tubes & pilot light.
Fig. 12. is an end elevation.
Fig. 13. is a front elevation.
Fig. 14 is a plan, of an adjustable lock-tap shown fixed to cooker in Fig. 1.
Fig. 15, is an end elevation.
Fig. 16. is a front elevation.
Fig. 17 is a plan of an adjustable stop quadrant tap, fixed by wing out when set
Fig. 18 is a front elevation without front or door.
Fig. 19 is a side elevation.
Fig. 20 is a plan not showing slag wool in the top.
Fig. 21 is a side elevation.
Fig. 22 is a plan.
Fig. 23 is a front or end elevation.
Fig. 24 is a front or side elevation.
Fig. 25 is an end or back elevation.
Fig. 26 is a plan of same.
Fig. 27 is a front or side elevation.
Fig. 28 is a plan.
Fig. 29 is a front elevation.
Fig. 30 is a plan.
Fig. 31 is a side or end elevation.
Fig. 32 is a plan.
Fig. 33 is a side or end elevation.
Fig. 34 is a side elevation.
Fig. 35 is a side elevation.
Fig. 36 is a front elevation of stove without door.
Fig. 37 is a side elevation.
Fig. 38 is a plan not showing slag wool at the top.
Fig. 39 is a front elevation.
Figs. 1, 2, & 3, on Sheet 1. This stove is constructed with a brick C¹ in
vertical position at fire back & a curved brick C. fitted above to stand forward a
top considerably beyond the red hot part of fire D, which also forms an extra hig
fire space opening E. The products of combustion can not come out into th
room as they have a tendency to rise against the extended brick C. & are collecte
under the canopy F. The fire bars G are extended at the same curve, or angle
as the brick C. & have prongs H. cast on to hold a quantity of hollow balls i
position above the red hot part of fire D, so that the heat will not be conducte
above before the bottom part of fire has got red hot; the space between the fir
bars G & the brick C. to be filled in with hollow balls I. of fire clay or othe
material. Broken pieces of brick may be used, these will retain the heat & deflec
it on to the floor level.
Figs. 29, 30, & 31, on Sheet 3 show an enlarged gas fire Bunsen burner same a
the one shown in position in Figs. 1, 2, & 3, the air & gas to enter each way alon
tubes J to pass round the bend at each end along chamber K rising over mid
feather L down the space M & pass out into the fire in a slightly downwar

page_text: direction through several nozzles or nipples N, the underside of these nipples N to
be cut away so that if the flame is shooting out in almost a horizontal direction it
will burn underneath when turned low & the products will rise inside the burner &
smother the flame. A burner with this arrangement of outlet nipples will give
good results without the midfeather L, also if the flame was shooting out.
horizontally.
Figs. 1, 2 & 3 on Sheet 1. I arrange a space N as air passage underneath the
burner. 1 also arrange a mirror or reflector O, of any material, this may form
the trivet & may be extended up each side of fire, causing the fire to look larger.
The space C2 may have a hot water boiler fitted, the front of boiler to answer the
purpose of brick C, the recess P is intended for a tiled hearth.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11 on Sheet 2. In case a heating stove is required with
illuminating burners I arrange a number of colouréd glass frets Q with enamelled
or unenamelled deflector & reflector R, which always retains a quantity of heat.
underneath with a number of holes in S, at the back to allow the waste products
to pass through & mingle with the irregular shaped hollow halls 1. the waste
products can also pass at the front between snugs or prongs T, in this case also
the waste heat will be retained by the hollow balls 1, & prevented from passing up.
the flue too quickly.
Figs. 9, 10, 11. There are several tubes or pure hot air chambers U, these are
surrounded by hollow balls I the waste products after passing through the chamber
that contains the hollow balls, to pass away at nozzle V. This heating stove is
arranged with a pilot light W, & tap X for same, to prevent an accumulation of
gas when lighting; the reflector Y may be enamelled iron of any colour.
Figs. 1, 2, 4, Sheet 1. Above the fire a grilling & builing chamber is arranged,.
the combined grilling & boiling burner 1 has the kettle rests 2 cast fast also two
strong snugs 3 cast on the underside of burner to fix to the side castings 4 to these
sides have two projecting bits 4° cast on each which set the sides true with kettle
rests; on the top edges of the side castings two deflector plates 5 slide, these
deflector plates have a stud 6 cast on each in the centre, this stud slides in a slot 7
formed in web cast fast to shelf rests, so that by sliding the deflector plates towards
each other, the gap will be made up & the flame will be compelled to go underneath-
for grilling purposes; there is also two doors 8 one at the back & the other in.
front, by this arrangement it makes the boiler & griller universal, it can be fixed
either right or left hand; this has not previously been done for boilers & grillers..
Above the grilling & boiling burners is fixed a hood A to take away the waste-
products.
Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, on Sheet 1. Above the hood is fixed an oven which can be
converted into two smaller ovens by sliding a centre plate 9 in, if a boiling &
grilling burner similar to the one already described is used at the bottom of each
of these ovens same as shown Fig. 1 & 2. one of these small ovens may be used for
baking while the other is used for boiling a kettle as shown.
Figs. 21, 22, & 23 Sheet 2. show an oven burner that can readily be taken out.
or put in position and would be used when the grilling & boiling burners with
kettle rests on are not used in the oven; this burner has two snugs 10 cast on,.
these snugs rest on the gas pipe that passes across front of oven; a brass nipple or
jet 11 is screwed into the pipe to supply the gas to the burner, this nipple is
countersunk a little at the outlet end so that in placing the burner on to the nipple
if it happens to knock the end it will not alter the size. The bole in burner end
that fits on nipple is a little larger so that it will slip on & off quite easy, the
burner fitting on the nipple is always central with it which also prevents burner-
moving sideways; at the other end of the burner is cast a peg 12, this drops into
a U projection cast on the back of oven.
Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, Sheet 1. show construction of body part of oven, the outside
castings of this oven are screwed together in the usual way, behind the front frame-
a rib 13 is cast on at each side & two or three snugs 14 about equal distances apart
in height of oven on each side, these snugs come up to the ribs 13 within the

page_text: distance required for the thickness of the side linings 15 of oven. The perforated
top of oven to have grooves or pegs to receive the top edges of the back & side
linings, this plate to also have projecting corners 16. as shown in Figs. 18, 19, & 20
on Sheet 2 to come in contact with the outer casting.
Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 on Sheet 1. The back edges of each of the side linings to
come against two or more distance snugs or stops 17, with bit notched out, cast on
the outer back, or on the outer sides, to receive the back edges of the side linings,
this will prevent the side linings coming out of the space formed by ribs 13 &
snugs 14 at the front, & also forms a distance piece at each side of cooker for slag
wool space, when the back lining 25 is put into position against four distance pegs 18
cast on the back, it forces the two sides against the above distance pieces & against
distance pegs 18 on the sides; at the bottom of the side & back linings a peg 19
is riveted in each, this peg rests on a rib 20 cast on each side & back outer castings
all round the bottom, this rib 20 also holds the slag wool up.
The oven is lined or packed with sheets of slag wool or other non-conductor
sewn together or sandwiched & made just the size for each side, top, bank & door,
so that after the outside parts of oven are fitted together, these sheets can be fixed
in position & the inside linings fixed against them or the slag wool may be put into
its place loose & a light gauze or netting or a zinc sheet fixed against it to keep
it in position when the inside enamelled plates are taken out for cleaning the slag
wool will not fall out of its place. For fixing the linings in position I fix one or
two ribs 21 across the back of linings with a hole 22 in the centre for a hook
bolt 23 or say one or more eye bolts 24 riveted to the back of each lining or only
to the back fining 25, the outside castings to have a slot cast in to admit the hook
bolt 23, this slot may be covered with a washer. Milled head nuts 26 are screwed
on the book bolts to fix the linings.
. A small waste heat outlet 27 is at the top of the oven, there is also two waste
heat or overflow safety outlets 28 near the bottom of oven, the top outlet 27 may
he made up eutirely if desired. The two oven doors 29 are arranged to meet in
the centre & make a joint against each other at the two edges 30 so that when the
centre plate 9 is withdrawn there will be no leakage, the top edge of this centre
plate 9 is T section so that it will slide & hang on to the snugs 31 & fit between
two pegs at the back near the bottom to keep it square up. This oven may be
made with either fixed or portable shelf rests.
There are two dampers 32 arranged so that the waste heat from boiling & grilling
chamber or the waste heat from the heating stove below can be utilized in this top
oven, if not wanted in either of the top ovens, it may pass straight up as shown by
the arrows to the large outlet 33 at the top.
Figs. 12, 13 & 14 on Sheet 2 is an adjustable supply tap that can be set according
to the pressure where fixed, to the amount of gas to be used when full on, then
locked to prevent waste & while locked the gas can be lowered or turned off by
the same tap. The plug of tap to have a pin fitted in the usual way as a stop
when the gas is full on or off. I arrange an adjustable stop casting with stop 34,
a number of holes 35 in a circular direction in the Hange part 36, the edges of
these holes to meet each other within say one sixteenth of an inch all round,
this flange beds upon another flange 37 cast fast to the body of tap which has
three or four holes 38 on each side (so that it can be locked on either side)
set equal distances apart, the edges of the holes say three sixteenths from each
other; all the above holes to be say five sixteenths diameter to allow a round
stud 39 attached to lock to pass through both flanges so that they can be locked
together when set; by moving the top flange round a hole or two as the case
may require, the stop 34 will be moved also & of course not allow the lever 41
on plug to open the tap full, when locked the plug of tap can not be taken
out as it is reduced at the top 40, the top flange fits on to this smaller size
& prevents the plug lifting up. By using flanges larger in diameter & the holes
in one flange unequal distances apart or the top flange to have the holes as near to

page_text: each other as is found practicable, the flange underneath not to have quite as many
holes in but equal distances apart, with either of these arrangements the lever on
the plug could be regulated to the greatest nicety, as there would always be a hole
opposite to admit the stud of lock.
Figs. 15, 16 & 17 on Sheet 2 is an adjustable stop quadrant tap fixed by wing
nut when set, & can be lowered or turned off same as Figs. 12, 13, & 14, a spring 42
is attached to the lever near the plug end & has two ears 43 to span the lever 44
which prevents the spring moving sideways, this spring bears on an adjustable
quadrant 45 that has a stop 46, several notches 47 & a slot 48 cast in, & beds on a
projecting piece 49 cast to body of tap which has a hole drilled through to admit
à bolt that passes through the slot in quadrant & is fixed with wing nut
underneath.
Figs. 18, 19, & 20 on Sheet 2 is an oven showing the arrangement of portable
or fixed inner oven 55, to fit against a perforated top plate or brick 16", this plate
has several holes 50 along each side & back to allow the fresh hot air to pass
through after passing up the sides & back chamber 51, it then passes through
several holes 50 & in at the top of the oven direct on to the food & cau either
pass up a centre outlet 52 at the top or if this is made up it will circulate down
the oven & out at the safety outlet 53 at the bottom, the oven burners 54 áré made
so that they can be turned over & the flames directed either up the chainbers 51,
or direct into the oven 55, burners 54 are shown in different positions. This inner
oven may be fixed in an ordinary oven with a small space at the top all round for
the heat to pass over the top for browning, doing away with the perforated top
plate. Inside this oven is shown a portable double cased plate 56 packed with a
non-conductor to prevent burning on the bottom side, or an asbestos mat with slag
wool between may be used.
Figs. 21, 22, & 23 explained before.
Figs. 24, 25, 26, 27, & 28 on Sheet 2 show cranked burners 7 for gas irons with
indented part 58; this assists in spreading the flame as the burner mouth is wide &
long on the top side, so as to collect the fumes inside the burner when turned low,
which will lodge in the cranked part 57 & smother itself & thus prevent lighting
back.
Figs. 27 & 28. At the end of burner outlet is cast or fixed a combined deflector
& flame spreader 59.
Figs. 24, 25 & 26 show a bracket 60 to fix the burner to, this also forms a guard
which prevents the flame when coming out at the back of iron igniting the jet or
nipple, also a safeguard against anything catching fire whilst ironing.
Figs. 29, 30, & 31 on Sheet 3 explained before.
Figs. 32, & 33, on Sheet 3 is a Bunsen burner suitable for heating stoves that
require a great power same as shown in Figs. 36, 37, 38 & 39 on Sheet 3, this
burner receives the gas from the double jet 61 which shoots up each chamber 62,
round the bend at each end & into the chamber 63, then passes through a loose
gauze 64, which rests on a projection 65, all round the inside of buruer chamber 63
& through a slot 66 in a loose plate 67, (which has a half-round piece 68 cast on
at each end) and out at the half-circular holes 69, formed in the loose outer lid in
the casting, the gauze, loose plate, & outer lid can readily be taken out for cleaning,
as they are not cemented or fastened in any way, any leakage that takes place
round the edges will become part of the flame.
Fig. 34 is a boiling burner with flame' coming out in a downward direction, the
inverted U pipes 70 forming the kettle rests, this will prevent lighting back &
save drilling.
Fig. 35 is a boiling burner with the flame coming out in a downward direction,
the nipples 71 on the underside being cut away, each foot having a notch in 72, so
that it can readily be placed on the edge of a dripping tin 73 & used occasionally
as a grill if desired, a kettle could be boiled above or a loose brick, or plate with
holes in & spikes on, placed over to deflect the heat.

page_text: Figs. 36, 37, 38, 39 on Sheet 3 show an arrangement of pure hot air reheated by
gas, oil, coke, or coal.
In fire space 74 is fixed several pure hot air tubes 75, these are surrounded by
the fire & will become red hot. In Fig. 39 is shown short lengths of pipe with
flanges 76 on top & bottom, these can be taken out & replaced when burnt
through; the pure air pipes being very hot will cause a current of air to be drawn
up them from the receiving box 77. pure air enters this box through holes 78",
after passing the extra hot part of tube that is in the fire a portion of it rises into
the oven 78 at the bottom, the remainder passes forward up the tube 75 in flue 79
& enters the oven 78 at the top as shown by arrows. After circulating through
the oven 78 & becoming cooler it passes through an outlet at the bottom 80, &
down a chamber or pipe 81, & enters the receiving box 77 below the fire, if the
oven door is kept closed a continual circulation will take place up pipes 75, through
oven 78 & down pipe 81, to the receiving box 77, each time the oven door is
opened, while attending to the cooking, the hot air previously used will pass away,
the oven will then get a fresh supply of pure air from the receiving box 77. The
fumes from the fire 74 circulate round the pure air tubes 75 which are fixed in the
flues 79 & passes over the top of oven & out at nozzle 82 shown by the arrows,
the oven 78 is surrounded by the flue 79 with the exception of the front.
Fig. 39 shows a fire on one side of the oven also a boiler 83 at the other side of
fire & a damper or end iron 84 to draw out so that the fire can be put under the
oven, doors 86 for supplying the fires with fue!, open down & form a shelf.
Fig. 36 shows a kettle in the oven, when the oven is wanted for baking, a loose
lid is intended to be fit in the hole & make a joint; there is also shown two loose
plates 85 with a stud on, to move them by, that are intended to be used as dampers,
to slide over the pure hot air holes in the bottom of oven, so that all the pure hot
air; or part of it, will pass up the tubes 75 & enter the oven at the top. These
plates are shown in position but are intended to be taken out when a kettle is on.
A damper may be arranged to open & close the pure hot air holes at the top of
oven. If required a portable plate that fits the oven may be used, to slide in on
any shelf rest, so that when the heat is admitted at the bottom only, the height of
the oven can be reduced & the heat kept down.
The outside of flue is packed with slag wool or any other. non conductor, all
round the stove; instead of cast iron pipes for the pure air, brick ones, or plumbago,
such as crucibles are made from, may be used in the fire part, & arranged. so that
they can be replaced readily.
This principle of reheating may be applied to various styles of ranges.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, & in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Pendents or fixed frets of coloured glass or other material fitted to reflector
stove with illuminating burners.
2. A reflector used to collect & deflect the heat on to the illuminating burner
flames & into the room substantially as described.
3. Hollow balls or irregular shaped pieces of any material in a chamber above
the ordinary fire space to retain the waste heat, used in a stove with illuminating
burners, or a stove with Bunsen burners, substantially as described.
4. The top part of a gas fire to stand forward beyond the red hot part of fire
substantially as described; a heating stove with illuminating burners may also be
arranged on this principle.
5. A mirror or reflector trivet, set so as to make the fire look larger in combina-
tion with a gas heating stove.
6. A gas fire Bunsen burner with the flame to come out in a slightly downward
direction & to have the nipples or nozzles on burner cut away on the underside,
so that when turned very low, the flame burns underneath, the products of com-
bustion rise inside the burner & smother the flame.

page_text: 7. Bunsen burner for gas iron & boiling burners substantially as described.
8. A loose lid in combination with "Bunsen burner for heating stoves, with.
notches or part circular holes in to allow the air & gas to pass, this & the gauze
underneath, can readily be taken out for cleaning, as shown & described.
9. Construction of boiler & griller the burner or burners, t have the kettle rest
cast on, or theɛe may be cast separate & fixed, dispensing with the top frame.
casting; two doors may be fitted, one at the back & one at the front, miking it
either right or left handed, substantially as described.
10. A non-conductor sewn together or sandwiched, for gas ovens, substantially
as described.
11. A portable or fixed inner oven with a perforated brick or plate at the top,.
or without, & the oven burners to turn over, so that the flame can be directed into
the body of the oven, or up a chamber at each side, for browning purposes, sub-
stantially as described.
12. A portable double cased sheet packed with a non-conductor, to prevent.
burning on the bottom side substantially as described.
13. Tlie arrangement & construction as described.
14. A supply tap with an adjustable stop, can be set & locked, or an adjustable.
stop-quadrant, fixed by wing nut, so that when either of them are set, the gas can.
be lowered or turned off, but not increased without readjusting of stops substantially
as described.
15. Safety flue outlet hole or holes, near the bottom of gas oven level with or
just above the level of the oven burners.
16. Pure hot air going direct into the oven or cooking chamber, in combination.
with a gas, oil, coal, or coke fire, the waste heat outlet to be near the bottom of
oven; this waste heat may be directed into the pure air chamber & be re-heated,.
substantially as described.
Dated this Fourteenth day of January 1897.
ELI PLATTS GREENWOOD..