Portable Drum-insertion for the Revolving Drums of Centrifugal Apparatus, and the Mode of Operating therewith.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan.,
1897
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 20th Nov.,
1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATIO
Portable Drum-insertion for the Revolving Drums of Centrifugal
Apparatus, and the Mode of Operating therewith.
I, JULIUS SCHROEDER, Director of the Göding Sugar Works, in Göding, Moravia,
Austria, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a portable drum-insertion for the revolving drums of
centrifugal machines, which is capable of being readily introduced and removed, and
which allows of producing crystallized sugar in form of filling mass as a fluid magma
with the use of clarifying liquor or steam, or of white marketable sugar in any desired
shape and of uniform size in the form of sugar slabs, broken, and granulated sugar.
The drum-insertion consists of an upper ring and a lower ring, to the latter of
which are fastened supports of suitable thickness, the upper ends of which constitute a
firm bearing for the upper ring.
The upper ends of the supports are provided with holes preferably of rectangular
shape, and above these, with round holes. The first mentioned holes which project.
through the upper ring serve for the reception of wedges for the purpose of keying
the upper ring on to the support and thus connecting it with the lower ring. The
round holes serve for engagement with the hook of a differential pulley-block for
the purpose of introducing or removing the drum-insertion into or from the revolving
drum.
In the upper surface of the lower ring and in the lower surface of the upper ring,
there are formed similar or corresponding tapering radial grooves or slots which serve
to receive the wedge-shaped plates that are inserted therein.
If, for instance sugar slabs are to be produced, then as many wedge plates are
inserted into the drum-insertion in the direction from the outside towards the interior
of the drum-insertion, as are necessary to fill up the whole of the drum-insertion, so
as to leave between each wedge shaped plate and the next one a space into which the
filling mass is to be charged.
Upon the revolving centrifugal drum there is mounted a removable ring which is
fastened on the drum by suitable means such as a bayonet joint and screws. This
ring serves to secure the drum-insertion when introduced.
If it be desired for instance to produce sugar in the form of slabs for making cube
sugar then, as already above stated, all the wedge-plates are inserted into the drum-
insertion.
But if it be desired to produce lump or broken sugar or granulated sugar or sugar
of any other kind of uniform weight, then, say three, or five wedge-plates are left
out at a time, so as to leave a larger space to be occupied by the filling mass, so that
the sugar is then produced in the form of blocks.
For the purpose of enabling the drum-insertion to be easily lifted out of the
revolving centrifugal drum, and the sugar plates to be readily removed from the
drun-insertion there are advantageously inserted one or more closing-up wedge
plates, preferably next to the before described supports, which wedge plates are drawn
out after the completion of the centrifugal separation. The node of working with

page_text: this drum insertion for the purpose of producing sugar plates or other kinds of sugar
is effected in the following manner :-
The complete drum insertion provided (for sugar plates) with all the wedge plates
is lowered into the centrifugal revolving drum of the centrifugal machine by means
of a travelling crane situated over the centrifugal machine and to which there is
attached a differential pulley block tackle. The hooks on the chains of the differential
pulley block tackle are then removed from the drum-insertion and the travelling
crane, with the pulley tackle, is pushed away out of the reach of the centrifugal
machine; the before mentioned ring is fixed upon the revolving centrifugal drum for
securing the insertion and the centrifugal machine is then ready for work.
The centrifugal machine is then set in operation and the fluid magma of crystallized
sugar filling mass is charged into the centrifugal machine by means of a truck or
conveyor in the usual manner until all the cavities between the wedge plates of the
drum-insertion are filled with filling mass. The green syrup is then separated by
centrifugal action from the filling mass which is then cleared or clayed by means of
clarifying liquor or of steam. After clearing or claying the filling inass the centrifugal
machine is allowed to run on for some time longer, in order to dry the sugar plates
or sugar blocks somewhat. When this has been done, the centrifugal machine is
stopped the ring is removed from the revolving centrifugal drum and the upper ring
of the insertion (after loosening the holding wedges or screws) is lifted off from the
drum and then the closing-up wedge plates are drawn out so as to loosen the sugar
plates contained in the drum-insertion in such a manner that it is now possible to lift
the latter together with all the sugar plates and wedge plates by means of the tackle
readily out of the centrifugal revolving drum.
The drum insertion is then placed by means of the travelling crane upon a
platform car or table situated near the centrifugal machine, and the pulley block
tackle is removed. The open drum-insertion is then discharged, the sugar plates
being placed in the ordinary manner upon boards and passed into the drying room
whilst the wedge plates are placed near the drum insertion. After emptying the
drum insertion the ring is placed upon and fastened to the lower part thereof; the
wedge plates are pushed into their grooves and the complete drum insertion is raised
by means of lifting tackle and taken to a tank containing hot water, in which the
drum insertion is immersed for some time for the purpose of thoroughly cleaning it
from all adhering particles of sugar. The drum insertion when taken out of the bath
dries very rapidly in consequence of the heat taken up, and it is then got ready in
the manner above described for the purpose of being again inserted into the drum for
being charged anew. To every centrifugal machine there ought to be two drum
insertions of which one is in operation whilst the other is being emptied and cleaned
as above described. The advantages which are obtained by using the new drum-
insertion for centrifugal revolving drums are the following
1. The output of a centrifugal machine for producing sugar plates is considerably
increased (by about 60 %) as compared with all other methods of separating by
centrifugal action heretofore known.
2. As soon as the drum insertion has been lifted out of the revolving centrifugal
drum, the advantage is gained that the outer periphery of the sugar slabs is rendered
hard very quickly by contact with the atmospheric air, which is generally not the case
with other methods.
3. By immersing the drum insertion into a water bath, the otherwise usual cleaning
of the revolving centrifugal drum is dispensed with with all its manifold apparatus
which require large quantities of water that must therefore be removed by
evaporation so that a not inconsiderable saving of fuel results from the improved
apparatus and mode of operating.

page_text: Portable Drum-insertion for the Revolving Drums of Centrifugal
Apparatus, and the Mode of Operating therewith.
I, JULIUS SCHROEDER, Director of the Göding Sugar Works, in Göding, Moravia,
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to a portable drum-insertion for the revolving drums of
centrifugal machines, which is capable of being readily introduced and removed,
and which allows of producing crystallized sugar in form of filling mass as a
fluid magma with the use of clarifying liquor or steam, or of white marketable
sugar in any desired shape and of uniform size in the form of sugar slabs, broken,
and granulated sugar.
The drum-insertion shewn in perspective at Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing
consists of an upper ring 1 and a lower ring 2 to the latter of which are fastened
supports 3 of suitable thickness, the upper ends of which constitute a firm bearing
for the upper ring 1. The upper ends of the supports 3 are provided with holes
preferably of rectangular shape, and above these, with round holes. The first
mentioned holes which project through the upper ring 1, serve for the reception of
wedges 4 for the purpose of keying the upper ring on to the support 3 and thus
connecting it with the lower ring 2. The round holes serve for engagement with
the hook and chain 5 of a differential pulley-block for the purpose of introducing or
removing the drum-insertion into or from the revolving drum.
In the upper surface of the lower ring 2 and in the lower surface of the upper
ring 1, there are formed similar or corresponding tapering radial grooves or slots 6
which serve to receive the wedge-shaped plates 7 that are inserted therein as shewn
at Figures 1 and 2.
If, for instance sugar slabs are to be produced, then as many wedge plates 7 are
inserted into the drum-insertion in the direction from the outside towards the
interior of the drum-insertion, as are necessary to fill up the whole of the drum-
insertion, so as to leave between each wedge-shaped plate and the next one a space
into which the filling mass is to be charged as shewn at Figure 3, which shews a
part plan of a centrifugal drum, with its insertion. Figure 4 shews a vertical section
of the drum and insertion.
Upon the revolving centrifugal drum 8 there is mounted a removable ring 9
which is fastened on the drum by suitable means such as a bayonet joint and
screws 10. This ring 9 serves to secure the drum-insertion when introduced.
If it be desired for instance to produce sugar in the form of slabs for making cube
sugar, then, as already above stated, all the wedge-plates 7 are inserted into the
drum-insertion.
But if it be desired to produce lump or broken sugar or granulated sugar or sugar
of any other kind of uniform weight, then, say three, or five wedge-plates are
left out at a time, so as to leave a larger space to be occupied by the filling
mass, between the plates 7, so that the sugar is then produced in the form of
blocks.
For the purpose of enabling the drum-insertion to be easily lifted out of the
revolving centrifugal drum, and the sugar plates to be readily removed from the
drum-insertion there are advantageously inserted one or more closing-up wedge
plates 11, preferably next to the before described supports 3 as shewn at Figures 1

page_text: and 2 which wedge plates are drawn out after the completion of the centrifugal
separation. The mode of working with this drum-insertion for the purpose of
producing sugar plates or other kinds of sugar is effected in the following
manner -
The complete drum insertion provided (for sugar plates) with all the wedge
plates 7 is lowered into the centrifugal revolving drum 8 of the centrifugal machine
by means of a travelling crane situated over the centrifugal machine and to which
there is attached a differential pulley block tackle. The hooks on the chains 5
of the differential pulley block tackle are then removed from the drum-insertion,
and the travelling crane, with the pulley tackle, is pushed away out of the reach
of the centrifugal machine; the before mentioned ring 9, Figures 3 and 4 is fixed
upon the revolving centrifugal drum for securing the insertion, and the centrifugal
inachine is then ready for work.
The centrifugal machine is then set in operation and the fluid magma of
crystallized sugar filling mass is charged into the centrifugal machine by means of
a truck or conveyor in the usual manner until all the cavities between the wedge
plates 7 of the drum-insertion are filled with filling mass. The green syrup is then
separated by centrifugal action from the filling mass which is then cleared or clayed,
by means of clarifying liquor or of steam. After clearing or claying the filling mass
the centrifugal machine is allowed to run on for some time longer, in order to dry
the sugar plates or sugar blocks somewhat. When this has been done, the
centrifugal machine is stopped, the ring 9 is removed from the revolving centrifugal
drum 8 and the upper ring 1 of the insertion (after loosening the holding wedges 4
or screws) is lifted off from the drum and then the closing-up wedge plates 11 are
drawn out, so as to loosen the sugar plates contained in the drum-insertion in such
a manner that it is now possible to lift the latter together with all the sugar plates
and wedge plates by means of the tackle readily out of the centrifugal revolving
drum.
The drum insertion is then placed by means of the travelling crane upon a
platform car or table situated near the centrifugal machine, and the pulley block
tackle is removed. The open drum-insertion is then discharged, the sugar plates
being placed in the ordinary manner upon boards and passed into the drying room
whilst the wedge plates are placed near the drum-insertion. After emptying the
drum insertion the ring 1 is placed upon and fastened to the lower part thereof; the
wedge plates are pushed into their grooves and the complete drum insertion is raised
by means of lifting tackle and taken to a tank containing hot water, in which the
drum insertion is immersed for some time for the purpose of thoroughly cleaning it
from all adhering particles of sugar. The drum insertion when taken out of the
bath dries very rapidly in consequence of the heat taken up, and it is then got ready
in the manner above described for the purpose of being again inserted into the druin
for being charged anew. To every centrifugal machine there ought to be two drum
insertions of which one is in operation whilst the other is being emptied and cleaned
as above described. The advantages which are obtained by using the new drum-
insertion for centrifugal revolving drums are the following:-
1. The output of a centrifugal machine for producing sugar plates is considerably
increased (by about 60%) as compared with all other methods of separating by
centrifugal action heretofore known.
2. As soon as the drum insertion has been lifted out of the revolving centrifugal
drum, the advantage is gained that the outer periphery of the sugar slabs is rendered
hard very quickly by contact with the atmospheric air, which is generally not the
case with other methods.
3. By immersing the drum insertion into a water bath, the otherwise usual
cleaning of the revolving centrifugal drum is dispensed with with all its manifold
apparatus which require large quantities of water that must therefore be removed by
evaporation so that a not inconsiderable saving of fuel results from the improved
apparatus and mode of operating.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A transportable drum-insertion for centrifugal machines consisting of the
combination of two rings 1, 2, provided with tapering grooves 6 on the sides facing
each other, which rings are connected together by means of supports 3 in such
manner that the one ring can be readily removed, and wedge-shaped sliding plates 7
that are slid into the said grooves so as to divide the space between the rings 1, 2,
into compartments of greater or less size, substantially as described.
2. In a drum-insertion such as is referred to in the first claim, the use of closing-
up wedges 11 for the purpose of enabling, by their removal after the forming of the
sugar slabs or blocks, to effect the ready loosening of the sugar slabs and the wedge
plates 7, and thereby allow of the removal of the drum-insertion from the centrifugal
drum, substantially as described.
3. The method of operating with the drum insertion referred to in the first claim,
consisting in first introducing the insertion into the centrifugal drum, then charging
the crystalline filling mass in the form of magma into the drum-insertion, and then
claying the same by means of clarifying liquor or steam, substantially as described.
4. The method of operating with the drum-insertion referred to in the first claim
and charged in the manner described in the third claim, consisting in first
removing the confining ring 9, from the drum 8, after the charge has been clarified,
and then the ring 1 of the drum insertion, after which the closing-up wedges 11
are drawn out, so as to allow the drum insertion to be removed from the drum, and
to be afterwards emptied of its contents, substantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of October 1897.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.