Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1887
Complete Left, 1st Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th Apr., 1888
We STEFAN SIEMANG, Lieutenant of Artillery and ADALMAR BREDEN, Captain of
Horse, both of Vienna, Austria do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
Our invention has for one of its objects to provide a hydrocarbon lamp, in which
the gases and vapours emanating from the volatile products in the oil are prevented
from coming into contact with the flame through the space which must necessarily be
allowed in the wick tube and in which the said gases and vapours are continually
allowed to escape through an aperture which is arranged at a convenient distance
from the flame.
Another object of the said invention is to so construct the lamp that no oil can be
spilt when the lamp is upset either through the burner, the filling opening, or the
opening through which the gases escape, no matter whether the burner be inserted
into the oil reservoir or not, or even whilst the reservoir is being filled with oil.
According to our invention, the reservoir is divided into two superposed chambers
by means of a horizontal partition, and in each of these chambers a flat tube extends
from the top side nearly to the bottom, the said flat tubes corresponding to each other
and being intended to receive the wick-sheath.
In order to afford facility for the passage of the wick out from the end of the flat
tube in the lower chamber the end of the said tube is curved sideward.
The lower chamber of the reservoir, which is of considerably larger capacity than
the upper one, is provided with a filling opening, arranged at such a level as to
prevent the lower chamber from being filled to more than half the capacity of the
reservoir. It will be understood that, when such a reservoir is upset, the oil contained
in the lower chamber will be prevented from being spilled because the flat tube in the
lower chamber emerges above the level of the oil in the upset lamp, and even if the
lamp falls so that the flat tubes assume a horizontal position no oil can pour out as
there is capacity enough beneath said tubes to hold the oil. In every case the oil
contained in the flat tube of the lower chamber will flow into the upper chamber
when the lamp is upset and the oil contained in the lower chamber will be retained in
said lower chamber because the flat tube arranged therein extends nearly to the
bottom thereof.

page_text: In order to provide against the spilling of oil in case the lamp should be upset
while being filled, the filling aperture is provided with a valve, which is normally
held closed by a spring and must therefore be forced up or down when the lamp is to
be filled.
Although a complete result is only obtained by the combination of all the parts
herein before mentioned yet novel lamps, which will offer certain advantages may he
made up by employing one or more of the parts hereinbefore mentioned. For instance
the screw-plug carrying the burner in ordinary lamps may be provided at its lower
side with a flat tube, enclosing the wick and extending downwardly to near the bottom
of the oil reservoir; this tube, (the end of which as before mentioned is curved in a
sideward direction) will separate the gas above the oil from the flame.
Dated this 1st day of June 1887.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: We, STEFAN SIEMANG, Lieutenant of Artillery, and ADALMAR BREDEN, Captain of
Horse, both of Vienna, Austria, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to lamps for burning hydro-carbons and other suitable oils,
either provided with a flat burner or with a circular burner, in which the upper end
only of a flat wick sheath is curved into circular shape.
Our invention has for its object to provide a lamp in which the gases and vapours
evolved from the oil are prevented froin gaining access to the flame through the space
which must necessarily be allowed in the wick tube. Another object of the invention
is so to construct the lamp, that no oil can flow out, when the lamp is upset by
accident either through the burner or the filling opening, no matter whether the
burner be inserted into the fount or not, and even while the reservoir is being filled
with oil.
According to our invention, the reservoir or fount is divided into two superposed
chambers, by means of a horizontal partition and within each of these chambers a flat
tube extends downward from a slot in the top side nearly to the bottom, the said flat
tubes corresponding to each other and being intended to receive the wick-sheath. In
order to afford facility for the passage of the wick out of the end of the flat tube in
the lower chamber, the end of the said tube is curved.
The lower chamber of the reservoir which is of considerably larger capacity than
the upper one, is provided with a filling opening, arranged at such a level as to
prevent the lower chamber from being filled to more than half the capacity of the
whole reservoir inclusively of the upper chamber.
It will be readily understood that, when such a lamp reservoir is upset, the oil
contained in the lower chamber will be prevented from being spilled, owing to the
fact of the flat tubes in the lower chamber emerging from the surface of the oil in
the upset lamp, and that even in the most unfavourablé case, when the flat tubes
assume a horizontal position no oil can flow out, as the capacity beneath the said tubes
can hold the whole contents of the fount; in every case, the oil contained in the flat
tube of the lower chamber will be caused, to flow into the upper chamber, when the
lamp is upset and by the flat tube arranged within the said upper chamber, this small
quantity of oil will be prevented from pouring out of this chamber.
In order to provide against the spilling of oil in the case of the lamps being upset
during the filling operation, the filling aperture is provided with a spring-valve,
which is opened by pressure exerted thereon, when the lamp is to be filled, and which
closes automatically as soon as it is released."
In the accompanying sheet of drawings
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a lamp embodying our invention, and
Figure 9 i a aida alevation of the 4:12
11
་་་

page_text: に
part of the oil fount broken away to show some of the interior parts thereof, which
parts are shown in section.
Into the neck of the oil reservoir a is secured a sheet metal casing b, which is closed
at its top by means of a disc c cemented to the neck of the reservoir a and suitably
shaped for this purpose. The casing b and the disc c are provided with corresponding
shoulders, between which a packing ring d of asbestos inserted for preventing the
oil, which in the case of the lamp being upset gets into the casing b, from trickling
out through the cement round the neck.
The disc c and the bottom of the casing bare provided with diametrical slots, from
which flat tubes c¹ 6¹ extend downward nearly to the bottom of the hollows into which
they penetrate respectively. These flat tubes are intended to receive the wick
sheath e, which is soldered into a slot of a partition of the recessed casing f, which
supports the burner cap and the chimney. As clearly shown in Figure 1 the said
casing is provided at its lower end with a broad flange f¹ through the slots of which
project headed locking studs c² pivoted to the disc c.
Furthermore it is visible in Figure 1 that the lower end of the flat tube b¹ is curved
sideways, so that a wick e¹ of greater length than the wick tube e may be used and
readily passed into the oil reservoir, the curved portion of the tube guiding the
wick into the reservoir which would not be the case, were said tube b¹ to stop short
close to the bottom of the fount, as the wick end would then crowd on the bottom,
and its passage to the reservoir below tube ¹ be made very difficult if not
impossible.
The filling aperture a¹ is formed at such a level in the wall of the oil reservoir a,
that when the fount is filled up to the level of the said aperture, the quantity of oil
poured in corresponds to half the capacity of the reservoir à inclusively of the casing b.
It will be readily understood that, if on the upsetting of a lamp of this description,
the oil fount even assumes the most unfavourable position, with its axis placed
horizontally, as shown in Figure 2 it can never occur that both ends of the flat
tubes b' and c¹ can be placed simultaneously beneath the level of the oil, that is to say,
that in no case (the wick sheath e may be inserted into the reservoir or not) can any
oil flow out through the central aperture of the reservoir.
That, beside this, the spilling of oil through the filling aperture a¹ as would occur
when the lamp were upset during the filling of the fount, that is to say, while the
screw cap of the filling aperture is removed, may be likewise prevented; the said
aperture is provided with a valve g kept closed under normal conditions by a coiled
spring and which needs to be pressed down by means of a thumb piece g² fixed to
the valve stem g¹ when oil is to be poured in (see Figure 1).
In the drawing, a hollow valve stem g' is shown, which is guided in the bushing j
of the filling aperture a¹, and provided with slots g³ through which the oil is allowed
to flow into the reservoir, the said bushing; forming at the same time the valve seat.
In order to prevent dust and other foreign bodies from falling into the hollow valve
stem g', a cover k for the same is provided. In the drawing, a cover k is shown
which has a split spring flange, fitting the upper end of the bushing j; instead of this
cover a screw cap may be used, screwed upon the screw threaded top end of the
hollow valve stem g¹, and abutting by its lower edge against the top of the bushing j
so as to lock the valve g in its position. It is obvious however that the construction
of the valve filling aperture may be varied in many ways without departing from the
nature of this invention, as it is only required that the filling aperture be closed under
all circumstances, when the lamp is not under control.
It is supposed for the lamp described as well as for any other lamp that the person
pouring in the oil will keep his eye upon the filling aperture and cease pouring as
soon as the surface of the liquid appears at the said aperture. Now, as the construction
of the valve hereinbefore described comprises a cylindrical casing, wherein moves the
valve stem, and as this casing can be filled with oil up to its edge, it seems as if it
would be necessary, to the end of preventing the fount from being filled beyond half
its capacity, to arrange the upper edge of the said cylindrical casing within the
horizontal plane, by which the oil reservoir is divided into two equal parts.

page_text: However, the following examination of the state of things will immediately show
that the case is different, and that it is sufficient to arrange the valve seat within the
said horizontal halving plane. Indeed, as soon as the surface of the oil has risen to
the valve seat, the air within the portion of the chamber a surrounding the casing b
can no longer escape, as then this circular space is hermetically closed, and when
hereafter more oil is poured into the hollow valve stem g¹, the oil will rise through
the flat tube into the casing b, until the liquid has risen to the level, r, and
thereby closed the bottom end of the flat tube c. In this manner the casing b too is
hermetically closed, and on further pouring in oil, the same can only rise within the
narrow clearance between the wick sheath e and the tube c¹ up to the level y, y, when
it will counter-balance the column of liquid in the hollow valve stem g¹. As the said
clearance, is very narrow, the oil risen into the same will (on the entirely full lamp
being upset) scarcely wet the tube c¹ to its front end, as the adhesion of the liquid will
prevail over the gravity. When the lamp filled in this manner is lighted, the oil
ascended into the casing 6 and the tube c¹, will a short time after sink back into the
tube b¹.
Although a complete result is only obtained by the combination of all the parts
herein before named, novel lamps, which offer certain advantages may be made up by
combining some one or more of these parts. Thus, for instance, the screw-plug
carrying the burner in ordinary lamps may have fixed to its lower side a flat tube,
enclosing the wick and extending downward into close proximity to the bottom of the
reservoir; this tube, the end of which is curved laterally, separating the gas space
above the oil from the flame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we wish it understood
that we claim
First. In a lamp for petroleum and other oils, the combination with the oil
reservoir, of a wick tube projecting close to the bottom of said reservoir and having
its lower end curved laterally, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Second. In a lamp for petroleum and other oils, the combination with the oil
reservoir, of a wick tube projecting close to the bottom of said reservoir and having
its lower end curved laterally, and of a filling aperture located in a plane dividing the
reservoir horizontally, so that the capacity of the portion below said plane will not
exceed the capacity of the portion above the same, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
Third. In a lamp for petroleum and other oils, the combination with the oil
reservoir, of a horizontal partition dividing the said reservoir into a smaller upper and
a larger lower chamber, of two flat tubes extending each from the top side of either
chamber closely to the bottom of the same, the tube in the lower chamber having its
free end curved laterally, and of the wick sheath inserted into the said flat tubes,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. In a lamp for petroleum and other oils, the combination with the oil
reservoir of a horizontal partition dividing the said reservoir into a smaller upper and
a larger lower chamber, of two flat tubes extending each from the top side of either
chamber closely to the bottom of the same, the tube in the lower chamber having its
free end curved laterally, of the wick sheath forced into the said flat tubes, and of a
filling aperture located in a plane dividing the reservoir horizontally, so that the
capacity of the portion below said plane will not exceed the capacity of the portion
above the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fifth. In a lamp for petroleum and other oils, the combination with the oil
reservoir, of a wick tube projecting close to the bottom of said reservoir and having
its lower end curved laterally, of a filling aperture located in a plane dividing the
reservoir horizontally, so that the capacity of the portion below said plane will not
exceed the capacity of the portion above the same, and of a spring valve arranged
within and controlling the said filling aperturė, substantially as and for the purpose
described.

page_text: Sixth. In a lamp for petroleum and other oils, the combination with the oil
reservoir, of a horizontal partition dividing the said reservoir into a smaller upper and
a larger lower chamber, of two flat tubes extending each from the top side of either
chamber closely to the bottom of the same, the tube in the lower chamber having its
free end curved laterally, of the wick sheath forced into the said flat tubes, of a
filling aperture located in a plane dividing the reservoir horizontally, so that the
capacity of the portion below said plane will not exceed the capacity of the portion
above the same, and of a spring valve arranged within the said filling aperture and
controlling the same, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
Dated this 1st day of March 1888.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.