Improvements in Kilns for Burning Portland Cement and other Substances.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 25th July, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 14th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 2nd June, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Burning Portland Cement and other
Substances.
We, CARL SCHNEIDER, of Langereihe 33, St. Georg, Hamburg, in the German
Empire, Cement Expert, and VERNER FREDERIK LESSOE SMIDTII, of Vestergade
29, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in kilns for burning Portland cement
and other substances.
The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example only, a construction of
kiln according to this invention, Fig. 1 being a central vertical section, and Fig. 2
a horizontal section on the line a Fig. 1. a is a cylindrical cooling chamber
at the bottom of which and at some little distance from the ground level is
arranged a grating g. One or more draw-openings are formed through the
wall of the kiln so as to allow a man to enter for the purpose of drawing cement
through the grate, which, for this reason, preferably consists of loose bars resting
on supports; the bars may be shifted or withdrawn so as to enable large lumps
of calcined material to be withdrawn from the cooling chamber. Above and
communicating with the cooling chamber a is arranged a cylindrical calcining
chamber of slightly smaller internal diameter than the cooling chamber; the
wall of the chamber c consists of an inner shell built of bricks of sufficiently
fire resisting qualities and an outer shell, between which two shells there is a
space (shown annular in Fig. 2) which, at its lower part, communicates with
the cooling chamber by means a number of slits or openings b through the inner
shell and which is closed near the top of the kiln by brickwork furnished, in
four or other convenient number of places, with openings leading to an annular
Hue e extending round the kiln just above the space d. The openings between
the space d and the flue e are shown provided with valves of which can be adjusted
so as to control the passage of air from the cooling chamber through the space
behind the inner shell for the purpose of regulating the temperature thereof
and thus preventing the materials undergoing calcination baking to the inside
of the inner shell.
The flue e communicates either with a chimney or with the interior of the kiln
at or near the top of the calcining chamber; there may be one or more communi-
cating passages according to requirement.
The top of the kiln is, in the example, closed by means of a hood h which is
preferably of plate-iron and is provided with a number of charging openings i
through which the material to be calcined and the necessary fuel can be intro-
duced into the calcining chamber; the said openings may be provided with doors
or covers. In the drawing a flue is shown, by which the hood is placed in
communication with a chimney, but communication between the hood and the
chimney may be arranged in any suitable way and the chimney may be an

page_text: already existing chimney or a specially built one. In some cases, for instance,
a plate-iron or brick chimney may be built on top of the kiln.
The inner shell of the calcining chamber may be surrounded by a number of
iron hoops resting on projecting bricks or on hooks inserted in the brickwork.
In a kiln of this construction, cement may be burned continuously, the calcined
materials being drawn through the grating below and the raw materials and
the fuel being charged in at the top of the kiln, and uniform and even working
of the kiln obtained without adhesion of the material to the inside of the walls
in the calcining chamber during calcination.
Improvements in Kilns for Burning Portland Cement and other
Substances.
We, CARL SCHNEIDER, of Langereihe 33, St. Georg, Hamburg, in the German
Empire, Cement Expert, and VERNER FREDERIK LESSOE SMIDTH, of Vestergade
29, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in kilns for burning Portland cement
and other substances.
-
The drawings left with our Provisional Specification illustrate by way of
example a kiln according to this invention.
Fig. 1 being a central vertical section, and Fig. 2 a horizontal section on the
line Fig. 1. a is a cylindrical cooling chamber at the bottom of which and
at some little distance from the ground level is arranged a grating g.
One or
more draw-openings are formed through the wall of the kiln so as to allow a
man to enter for the purpose of drawing cement through the grate, which, for
this reason, preferably consists of loose bars resting on supports; the bars may
be shifted or withdrawn so as to enable large lumps of calcined material to be
withdrawn from the cooling chamber. Above and communicating with the
cooling chamber a is arranged a cylindrical calcining chamber c of slightly
smaller internal diameter than the cooling chamber; the wall of the chamber c
consists of an inner shell built of brick of sufficiently fire resisting qualities and
an outer shell, between which two shells there is a space d (shown annular
in Fig. 2) which, at its lower part, communicates with the cooling chamber by
means of a number of slits or openings through the inner shell and which is
closed near the top of the kiln by brickwork furnished, in four or other con-
venient number of places, with openings leading to an annular flue e extending
round the kiln just above the space d. The openings between the space d and
the flue e are shown provided with valves f which can be adjusted so as to control
the passage of air from the cooling chamber through the space d behind the inner
shell for the purpose of regulating the temperature thereof and thus preventing
the materials undergoing calcination baking to the inside of the inner shell.
The flue e communicates either with a chimney or with the interior of the kiln
at or near the top of the calcining chamber; there may be one or more communi-
cating passages according to requirement.

page_text: The top of the kiln is, in the example, closed by means of a hood h which is
preferably of plate-iron and is provided with a number of charging openings i
through which the material to be calcined and the necessary fuel can be intro-
duced into the calcining chamber; the said openings may be provided with doors
or covers. In the drawing a flue k is shown, by which the hood is placed in
communication with a chimney, but communication between the hood and the
chimney may be arranged in any suitable way and the chimney may be an
already existing chimney or a specially built one. In some cases, for instance,
a plate iron or brick chimney may be built on top of the kiln.
The inner shell of the calcining chamber may be surrounded by a number of
iron hoops resting on projecting bricks or on hooks inserted in the brickwork.
In a kiln of this construction, cement may be burned continuously, the calcined
materials being drawn through the grating below and the raw materials and
the fuel being charged in at the top of the kiln, and uniform and even working
of the kiln obtained without adhesion of the material to the inside of the walls
in the calcining chamber during calcination.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is:
1. A kiln comprising a calcining chamber into which the material to be
burned is charged and a cooling chamber beneath into which the burnt material
drops by gravity, the said cooling chamber being in communication with an air
space or passage formed around or in the wall of the calcining chamber sub-
stantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. A kiln of the kind referred to in Claim 1 constructed arranged and operating
substantially as described with reference to and shown in the drawings.
Dated this 14th day of April 1899
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.