Mill for Grinding Cereals.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date claimed for Patent under Sect. 103 Of ACT,
being date of first Foreign Application (in
France),
30th June, 1890
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 9th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 18th Sept., 1891-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1891
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 9th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 18th Sept., 1891-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Mill for Grinding Cereals.
We, LOUIS DOLOIRE, Engineer, of 41, Boulevard St. Martin, Paris, France,
and CHARLES GOLAY, Engineer, of 6, Rue Renault Paris, France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a new construction of mill for grinding all kinds of
cereals, the essential feature of which consists in the employment of a series of
concentric annular grinding surfaces between which the grain, as it travels outwards,
is subjected to a series of separate grinding operations, while in its passage from
the one grinding surface to the next, it is made to pass over intervening annular
sifting surfaces by which the portions of semolina that have a certain degree of
fineness are separated.
For this purpose we construct the mill as follows.
Two horizontal discs or plates, the upper one of which is carried by a revolving
shaft while the lower one is fixed to the framing, have each on the faces presented
towards each other, a series of concentric grooves. In every alternate groove of
cach plate are situated rings or annular crowns that constitute the grinding surfaces,
which are suitably channelled for this purpose on their acting surfaces.
Each collar
The crowns of the upper plate are fixed in their grooves, and consequently
revolve with their plate while the crowns in the lower plate are made independently
adjustable so as to bring the acting surface of each lower crown to the exact degree
of proximity to the upper acting surface required for effecting the proper grinding.
For this purpose the lower plate has a downward extending central stem surrounded
by a tube on which are as many sliding collars as there are crowns, and each collar
is connected to one of the crowns by a series of upward curved arms.
is supported by a horizontal lever pivotted to the tube at one end while the other
end is connected to a vertical screw spindle on the upper end of which is a wheelnut
which supports the rod, lever and collar, and consequently also the crown, so that
by the adjustment of each wheel-nut each lower crown can be separately adjusted,
while by the adjustment of the wheel nut of the lowermost lever, this is made to
raise or lower the tube and with it the whole of the upper levers with their collars
and crowns. The intermediate grooves of the lower plate between the crowns
have their upper surface covered by a suitable sifting surface, while at bottom they
are open and communicate with annular shoots below, leading to annular troughs
at the bottom of the machine. By the above described arrangement, as the grain
is fed in through the hollow shaft carrying the upper grinding plate, it passes by
centrifugal action, first through the first pair of crowns which are so formed and
adjusted as only to split the grain, and as this passes over the first sifting surface,
the black flour liberated from the crease of the grain, passes through the sieve,
into its corresponding trough. On passing through the second pair of crowns the
split grain is ground to a certain extent, and the resulting semolina of a certain
degree of fineness falls through the following sieve, and so on, the whole of the
grain being thus gradually reduced to semolina in successive stages, until at the

page_text: last pair of crowns the bran, which has not passed through the sieves passes over a
last sieve which separates the remaining flour from it, and then over the edge of
the lower plate whence it falls into a trough below. In each of the troughs is a
revolving scraper by which the serca &c. is carried round to a discharge
opening.
The intermediate grooves in the upper plate, situated over the sifting surfaces of
the lower plate, are made to constitute air chambers, being provided with openings
at top through which the air can enter, thus greatly facilitating the separation of
the semolina on passing over the sifting surface, and preventing heating and
evaporation of moisture. The said opening also permit of the inspection of the
interior of the mill while in operation. If necessary the sieves may be acted upon
by brushes.
By means of our above described invention the following advantages are obtained
as compared with roller mills as at present employed.
1. A very large economy in motive power, in the installation, and in cost of
material, as the machine replaces six pairs of grinding cylinders of a roller mill, six
sorting machines and six elevators, as also all the necessary mechanisms connected
therewith.
2. The mill only requires six horse power to do the same work as a roller mill
requiring twenty five horse power.
3. The control of the milling operation is rendered extremely easy, as the
miller can adjust each of the grinding crowns separately while they are in
operation.
4. As the grinding operation is carried on without pressure, there is no heating
and consequently no deterioration of the products.
Dated this 9th day of January 1891.
ABEL & IMKAI,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Mill for Grinding Cereals.
We, LOUIS DOLOIRE, Engineer of 41 Boulevard St. Martin, Paris, France,
and CHARLES GOLAY, Engineer of 6 Rue Renault Paris, France, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a new construction of mill for grinding all kinds of
cereals, the essential feature of which consists in the employment of a series of
concentric annular grinding surfaces between which the grain, as it travels outwards,
is subjected to a series of separate grinding operations, while in its passage from
the one grinding surface to the next, it is made to pass over intervening annular
sifting surfaces by which the portions of semolina that have a certain degree of
fineness are separated, the bran being finally discharged deprived of all flour.
This system of grinding thus realises considerable advantages over the known
systems, such as: very great economy of power, economy of installation and cost
of material, this machine alone replacing the six pairs of grinding cylinders
employed in the cylinder system for reducing the grain to semolina; it does away
in addition, with six sorting machines and six elevators, as also all the important
mechanism necessary for their working.
Our improved construction of mill only requires a single driving gear and the
expenditure of power which is required (reckoned at six horse power) will replace
the twenty five horse power required for the same production in grinding with
cylinders.
In addition to these primary advantages, the peculiar disposition of the several
parts of this mill render its control extremely easy, the miller being able to

page_text: Contror during working the five or more phases of the grinding and sitting operation,
and to regulate, also during working, each of the operative parts according to the
nature of the grain to be treated and the product to be obtained.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Sheets I and II. of the accompanying drawings shew our said improved
construction of grinding mill.
Figure 1 Sheet I. shews a vertical section.
Figure 2 Sheet II. shews, on the left hand side, a part plan, and on the right
hand side two sections taken respectively above the upper grinding plate, and the
second between the two grinding plates.
The mill is constructed mainly of two cast iron plates A A' provided with circular
grooves of varying width, as shewn on Sheet I. These grooves are intended, the
one set,, of cach plate, to receive rings or annular crowns ccc of hard metal
or any other hard material suitable for grinding, and suitably channelled on their
grinding surfaces as indicated at Figure 2.
The intermediate grooves d d d of the lower plate A' are provided with sieves e e e
of wire gauze, perforated metal, or other material of suitable fineness.
The intermediate grooves fff of the upper plate A corresponding to the sieves,
and which we will call "sifting chambers" have openings ggg (as shewn at
Figure 2) intended for taking in the necessary air for the ventilation of the
ground product in order to suppress the evaporation, and to facilitate the sifting;
through these openings, also, the operation can be watched during the working,
through a glass window in the cover G at Figure 2. The plate A is mounted
upon a shaft H turning freely in its bearings, and carrying a driving pulley; it is
hollow along its entire length in order to serve for the passage of the grain.
The lower plate A¹ is stationary and firmly attached to the framing; it carries
at its centre a cylindrical extension I passing downwards, and a tube I fits with
light friction over the cylinder I.
4
The collars with three branches J 1, 2, 3, 4 can also slide on the tube l'; another
series of collars K 1, 2, 3, 4 are fixed by a hinge joint to the tube I¹ and are
intended by the agency of levers L, to lift the collars J.
The collar J³ is fixed upon the cylinder I so that when it is raised by the lever L'
it will at the same time raise the four collars J 1, 2, 3, 4.
The extremity of the branches of the collars is terminated by a head which is
screwed to the rings c.
By means of this mechanism each lower ring c can be adjusted separately by
actuating one or other of the four wheels on the right hand side.
The wheel on the left hand side serves for regulating the whole of the rings.
At the bottom of the machine will be observed a series of concentric compart-
ments intended for receiving the products of the grinding operation, which
products, as they descend into these compartments, are carried towards the discharge
openings by the scrapers M.
The mode of operating is as follows
-
The regular introduction of the grain is effected by the usual means. The miller
regulates the degree of grinding for the first pair of rings e so as to split the grain
longitudinally in order to separate by the first sieve the black flour of the crease
of the grain; the following three rings are regulated so as to extract the semolinas
in different degree of fineness and lastly, the fifth pair of rings are brought closer
together for clearing the bran of the adhering flour which operation we effect
without a brush; but it is understood that if it be desired, a brush could be added
in the fifth sifting chamber the cleared bran being made to fall over the edges of
the last sieve into the outermost space f".
These products are received separately into the compartments h, whereby any
subsequent sorting is rendered unnecessary the descending material being guided
by concentric annular shoots iii. The bran falls into the space h¹.

page_text: As the work of grinding of this machine is effected without material pressure
and in a perfectly gradual manner with immediate removal of the semolinas, no
heating is produced.
By the particular arrangement of the air chambers the semolina passes naturally
through the sieves without being forced through them by friction, and the kind of
separation to which the semolinas are subjected keeps them cleaner than by any
other system of sorting.
The sifting being effected in a natural manner, without any sudden movement, we
produce much more semolina and less flour than with the other systems.
There is no change in the gluten by heating, no change in whiteness by the
admixture of improper flour, no evaporation, and consequently there is a greater
yield of farinaceous products, which are of superior quality.
It will be obvious that the above described improved construction of grinding
mill can be variously modified without departing from the essential features of our
invention; thus the number, size, and distances apart of the grinding rings, as also
of the sifting surfaces between them can be varied; also the mode of supporting
and adjusting the separate lower grinding rings can be modified.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we.
claim is:-
1. A grinding mill composed of a series of concentric pairs of annular grinding
surfaces, each such surface being capable of regulation independently of the others,
while in operation, substantially as described.
2. In a grinding mill constructed with concentric independent pairs of adjustable
grinding surfaces such as referred to in the preceding claim, the interposition of
annular sieves in the intervals between the consecutive grinding surfaces, substan-
tially as described.
Dated this 18th day of Sentember 1891
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.