Improvements in or relating to Reciprocating Motors, Pumps, and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: 1906
Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1000
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
www
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
Improvements in or relating to Reciprocating Motors, Pumps, and
the like.
A communication from KARL HENSCHEL, Engineer, of 24 Uhlanderstrasse,
Dresden, A, Empire of Germany.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 111 Hatton Garden in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to motors, pumps and the like. In engines having
reciprocating parts and operated expansively, the work done during the first
half of the stroke is greater than the work done during the second half as is
well known. The resistance to be overcome as for instance in performing the
operation of pumping can be considered as being approximately uniform, but as
a rule the excess of work during the first half of the stroke is stored up in the
fly-wheel by the acceleration of the fly-wheel mass and given out again during the
second part of the stroke during the retardation thereof.
The work to be stored up in the fly-wheel is reduced by that which is utilized in
setting the reciprocating masses in motion. According to the present invention
the fly-wheel itself is to be used as a reciprocating mass by communicating to it,
besides the usual rotary motion, a reciprocating motion. The mass of the fly-wheel
is therefore utilized in two ways.
The reciprocating motion of the fly-wheel and its simultaneous rotation is
produced by causing it by means of a pin carried by the piston-rod or plunger and
placed in line with the axis of the fly-wheel to follow the motion of the piston rod,
while at the same time it rotates round a crank-pin carried at one end of a
crank-arm, the other end of that crank-arm being connected to the pin in the
plunger.
The reciprocating piston rod connects as is usual the piston of the steam
cylinder with that of the pump, and the pin is arranged so as to be capable of
being rotated about an axis passing through its centre and the centre of the fly-
wheel. This pin is connected by the crank-arm with the crank-pin on which
the fly-wheel is keyed fast eccentrically. The crank-pin is engaged by a forked
connecting rod link or pendulum which oscillates about a pin fixed to the engine
frame. While therefore the crank-pin freely swings to and fro in an arc in front
of the pump, the fly-wheel is rotated by the crank in consequence of the motion of
the pin on the pluuger in a straight line with the plunger and in a circle relatively
to the axis of the crank-pin.
Owing to this double utilization of the fly-wheel mass the size of the fly-wheel
can be reduced and further the engine becomes simpler and considerably shorter
than engines constructed in the usual manner. In the construction described there
is an additional advantage that the small suction-resistance, which is to be over-
come in the upstroke of the pump is increased by the fly-wheel which has to be
lifted, whereas the resistance to forcing out the fluid which has to be overcome during
the downstroke, is easier to overcome owing to the descending fly-wheel; the
present arrangement is therefore an equalizing device in this respect as well as in
the respects herein before indicated.

page_text: The utility of this invention is not limited to its application to pumps and
steam-engines.
Deted this 20th Ja
1000
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
improvements in or relating to Reciprocating Motors, Pumps, and
the like.
A communication from KARL HENSCHEL, Engineer, of 24 Uhlanderstrasse,
Dresden, A, Empire of Germany.
1, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 111 Hatton Garden in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to motors, pumps and the like.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section of a vertical single-acting steam
pump, to which this invention is applied;
Figures 2 and 3 are views of the same pump, at right angles to the position in
which it is shown in Figure 1, and with the working parts in different positions so
that the manner in which they operate can be clearly seen.
Figure 4 is a work-diagram to be hereinafter explained, and
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are views on a smaller scale than the other figures
to illustrate the successive positions taken by the working parts.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
In engines having reciprocating parts and operated expansively, the work done
during the first half of the stroke is greater than the work done during the
second half as is well known, and as is exemplified in Figure 4 with reference
to a steam engine. The resistance to be overcome, as for instance in performing
the operation of pumping can be considered as being approximately uniform,
as represented by the line D E. As a rule the excess of work during the first
half of the stroke is stored up in the fly-wheel by the acceleration of the fly-wheel
mass and given out again during the second part of the stroke during the retardation
thereof.
The work to be stored up in the fly-wheel is reduced by that which is utilized in
setting the reciprocating masses in motion. According to the present invention the
fly-wheel itself is to be used as a reciprocating mass by communicating to it, beside
the usual rotary motion, a reciprocating motion.
In the diagram Figure 4 the area covered with inclined hatching represents
the work taken up and given out by the fly-wheel as a reciprocating mass so
that only the work represented by the vertical batching remains to be equalised by
the rotary motion of the fly-wheel. The mass of the fly-wheel is therefore utilised
in two ways.
The reciprocating motion of the fly-wheel and its simultaneous rotation is
produced by causing it by means of a pin a carried by the piston rod or
plunger mn and placed in line with the axis of the fly-wheel S to follow the
motion of the piston red while at the same time it rotates round a crank pin b
carried at one end of a crank arm A the other end of that crank arm being
connected to the pin a in the plunger. The reciprocating piston rod connects as is

page_text: usual the piston of the steam cylinder with that of the pump and at the same time
controls the valve gear by means of parts o p q. The pin a is arranged so as to be
capable of being rotated about an axis I I passing through its centre and the centre
of the fly-wheel S. This pin a is connected by the crank arm A with the crank
pin 6 arranged in the line Il II on which the fly-wheel S is keyed fast eccentrically.
The crank pin b is engaged by a forked connecting rod link or pendulum c which
oscillates about a pin d fixed to the engine frame. While therefore the crank
pin 6 freely swings to and fro in an arc in front of the pump, the fly-wheel is
rotated by the crank A in consequence of the motion of the pin a on the plunger
in a straight line with the plunger and in a circle relatively to the axis of the
crank pin b.
Figures 1 and 2 show the mechanism in the "dead-point" position and Figure 3
shows it in the intermediate position. Figures 5 to 10 show different positions which
the mechanism consecutively occupies. Figure 5 begins with the parts in the middle
position as in Figure 3 in which the pin a and therefore also the fly-wheel S are
being moved downwards by the piston rod m n, while the crank pin 6 is kept in its
arc by the rod c whereby the fly-wheel is at the same time caused to rotate.
mechanism passes the dead centre in Figure 7 by means of the rotary momentum of
the fly-wheel and passes then successively through the positions represented in
Figures 8 to 10 before reaching the opposite dead centre.
'The
Owing to this double utilization of the fly-wheel mass the size of the fly-wheel
can be reduced and further the engine becomes simpler and considerably shorter
than engines constructed in the usual manner. In the construction described
there is an additional advantage that the small suction resistance, which is to
be overcome in the upstroke of the pumps is increased by the fly-wheel which has
to be lifted, whereas the resistance to forcing out the fluid which has to be over-
come during the downstroke, is easier to overcome owing to the descending
fly-wheel; the present arrangement is therefore an equalizing device in this respect
as well as in the respects herein before indicated.
The utility of this invention is not limited to its application to pumps and steam
engines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A reciprocating engine characterised by a fly-wheel arranged to take part in
the reciprocating motion of the rods and at the same time to be rotated substantially
as described.
2. An engine with reciprocating parts characterised by a fly-wheel (S) with
an eccentric hub, a crank pin (b) fixed to that hub, a crank A the pin (a) of which
is central relatively to the fly-wheel and is journalled in or on the reciprocating
rod (m-n) and a connecting rod or fork (c) supporting the crank-pin (b) and
oscillating round a fixed pivot (d) on the frame, substantially as described.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting a complete engine
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 29th day of December 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.