IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Edmund Wilson, Manufacturer, and Henry
George Hacker, Warehouseman, both of Monkwell Street, in the City
of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE."
Sealed the 19th February 1861, and dated the 21st August 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Edmund Wilson
and Henry George Hacker at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 21st August 1860.
We, CHARLES EDMUND WILSON, Manufacturer, and HENRY GEORGE HACKER,
Warehouseman, both of Monkwell Street, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said. Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE," to be as follows:-
Our improvements consist in the following arrangements:-In the mouth of
a hollow tube we fix a partly conical tool, which terminates in a beak, straight
or nearly so. The tool is formed with a groove along its whole length at top,
and with another groove at bottom extending from the fore end of the conical
part forward; or the metal may be cut entirely through from the fore part of
the cone, in other words the beak may be divided by a cut through its axis.
A circular knife revolves in the bottom groove, and at a short distance from
the parts referred to there is a revolving twisting and gathering reel, bereafter.

page_text: described. A wire or thread is passed: from a bobbin through the hollow tube,
is carried along in the upper groove of the conical tool, and is fastened to the
gathering reel. Upon rotary motion being communicated to the necessary
parts of the machine a flyer carrying a bobbin of silk or other material of
which the chenille is to be formed, wraps the silk round the conical part of the
tool, the conical shape facilitating the progress of the silk; a second wire. or
thread, one end of which has been previously fastened to the reel is now laid
upon the silk, which thus becomes enclosed and held between two wires or
threads, and in this state the circular knife comes into action and severs the
wrapping of silk; the holding wires or threads are now simultaneously twisted,
and the wires or threads and silk in the state of chenille are gathered upon
the reel. The reel and frame carrying it are made to revolve vertically, and
by means of toothed gear, worm and worm wheel, and a central screw spindle
the drum or winding portion of the reel is made also to revolve round and
constantly shift its position upon the screw spindle. The action of this reel is
to twist the wires or threads to take up the chenille as it is finished and: to
expose a fresh surface for winding it, in order to avoid the crushing of the
chenille by winding layer upon layer. In some cases we make what we term
uncut chenille, and then we dispense with the knife or cutting tool. The
arrangements of the machine, are unaltered in other respects.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Edmund Wilson and Henry George Hacker in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st February 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
EDMUND WILSON, Manufacturer, and HENRY GEORGE HACKER, Warehouseman,
both of Monkwell Street, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Charles Edmund Wilson and Henry George Hacker, Her special licence that
us, the said Charles Edmund Wilson and Henry George Hacker, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles
Edmund Wilson and Henry George Hacker, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein- expressed, should and

page_text: "
lawfully might make,. use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel. Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN:MACHINERY, FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHENILLE,'
upon the: condition (amongst others) that we, the said Charles Edmund Wilson
and Henry George Hacker,. or one of us, our executors, or administra-
tors, by an. instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
.Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Edmund Wilson and Henry
George Hacker, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings herento annexed (that is to say) :-
Our improvements consist in the following arrangements:-In the mouth of
a tube we fix a partly conical tool, which terminates in a beak, straight or
nearly so. The tool is formed with a groove along its whole length at top, and
with another groove at bottom extending from the fore end of the conical part
forward; or the metal may be cut entirely through from the fore part of the
cone, in other words, the beak may be divided by a cut through its axis. A
circular knife revolves in the bottom groove, and at a short distance from the
parts referred to there is a revolving twisting apparatus. A wire or thread is.
passed from a bobbin through the tube, is carried along in the upper groove, of
the conical tool, and is fastened to the twisting apparatus. Upon rotary motion
being communicated to the necessary parts of the machine a flyer, carrying a
bobbin of sik or other material of which the chenille is to be formed, wraps
the silk round the conical part of the tool, the conical shape facilitating the
progress of the silk off from it; a second wire or thread, one end of which has
been previously fastened to the twisting apparatus, is now laid upon the silk,
which thus becomes enclosed and held between two wires or threads, and in
this state the circular knife comes into action and severs the wrapping of silk,
the holding wires or threads are now simultaneously twisted, and the wires or
threads and silk in the state of chenille are gathered up.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a plan; and Figure 2 is a side
elevation of so much of a machine for the manufacture of chenille as will be
necessary to illustrate the manner in which we carry our Invention into effect.
The machine is shewn in duplicate, the separate parts in each machine are

page_text: alike and bear the same letters of reference. a is a tube, carrying at one end
a conical or partly conical tool b, formed with its 'beak b¹ divided by a saw cut,
as shown in the detached view, Figure 3, or the beak may be formed with top
and bottom grooves, as before stated; c is a bracket, through which the tube a
passes and by which it is supported; d is a pulley free to revolve on the tube
-a; a flyer e for carrying a bobbin e³ is fixed to the pulley, and is carried round
with it; f is a guide, through the eye of which the, silk or other material of
which the chenille is to be made is directed on to the conical tool b; g is a
band, passing round the pulley d, and another smaller pulley h, which is sup-
ported on a bracket connected to the bracket c; this band 9 passes to a pulley
on the driving shaft, not shewn in the Drawing, but indicated by the line A, B;
is a bobbin, carried by a spindle on a bracket fixed to the frame of the
machine; is a circular knife fixed on a spindle 7, and free to revolve
between the two pieces forming the beak of the conical tool b, or in the
bottom groove thereof, m, m, are adjusting screws, for regulating the height
of the knife; n is a pulley on the spindle 1, round which a cord passes to
another pulley on the driving shaft for communicating rotary motion to the
knife; C is another bobbin free to revolve in a trough containing gum, from
which a thin wire or a thread is led through a guide to the conical tool b;
o, p, are endless bands, the former o for communicating quick rotary motion
to the twisting apparatus, while the latter p communicates-longitudinal motion
to the carriage for supporting the twisting apparatus. These endless bands
pass round pulleys receiving motion from the driving shaft indicated by the
linė A, B, and round pulleys fixed on the farther end of the table or frame on
which the carriage travels, but not shewn; 9 is a pulley on a vertical spindle
in the carriage r, round one sheave of which the cord o is passed; 's is a cord
passing round the other sheave and round a pulley t on the twisting spindle u;
vis another pulley on the same spindle u, round which a cord passes to
another pulley won a second twisting spindle ; y 'is a clamp, by which the
endless cord p is connected to the carriage of the twisting apparatus. The
action of the machine is as follows:-A wire or thread is passed from the
bobbin i through the tube a, is carried along through the conical tool b.to an
eye in the end of the twisting spindle u. Upon rotary motion being commu-
nicated to the driving shaft indicated by the line A, B, silk or other material,
of which the chenille is to be made, is led from the bobbin e¹ through the
guide f, which, as the flyer revolves, wraps the silk round the tool b. One end
of the gummed thread or wire led from, the bobbin C has been previously con-
nected to the twisting apparatus, and this wire or thread is now laid by means
of a guide, not shewn in the Drawing, upon the, silk, which thus becomes
'

page_text: enclosed and held between the two wires or threads, and at the same time the
circular knife comes into action and severs the wrapping of silk, while the
holding wires or threads, with the silk between them, are twisted by the
twisting apparatus, whereby the chenille is formed. While twisting the wires
or threads the carriage r is taken along the table by the endless band p,
drawing with it the wires or threads off the bobbins and the chenille as it is
made. When the carriage arrives at the end of the frame the motion ceases,
the length of chenille made is removed, and the carriage is taken back ready
to commence a fresh length. In some cases we make what we term uncut
chenille and then we dispense with the knife or cutting tool. The arrangements
of the machine are unaltered in other respects.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we do not claim as any
part of our present Invention the twisting apparatus, herein-before described,
as any twisting apparatus which will act in a similar manner may be used
in conjunction with the other parts of our machinery; but we claim,—
First, the employment in machinery for the manufacture of chenille of a
conical or partly conical tool formed with a split or double-grooved beak, in
manner before described, and round which the silk or other material for
forming chenille is wrapped.
Second, the arrangement of such conical, split, or grooved beak tools in
combination with holding wires or threads and with a circular cutting knife, as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Edmund Wilson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of February; in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
CHARLES EDMUND WILSON. (LS.)