Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1899-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
I, WALTER ROBARTS ADDICKS, of 24, West Street, Boston, Massachusetts, United
States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a boiler or steam generator, especially designed and
adapted for use in connection with a carbureted water gas producing apparatus,
for the utilization of the heated gases from said apparatus. Prior to this inven-
tion, it has been proposed to utilize the heated gases referred to, by passing them
through a boiler, but, as far as I am aware, these attempts have not been com-
mercially successful, owing to the fact that the. heating surfaces of the boiler
soon become coated over with a deposit of foreign matter held in suspension or
in combination with the gases, and which solidifies or bakes rapidly onto said heat-
ing surfaces and forms a non-heat conducting coating for the boiler, which
diminishes the efficiency of the boiler and soon renders the same practically useless.
This is especially true when the boiler is of tubular construction, in which the hot
gases pass through the tubes, for, by reason of the deposit referred to, these tubes
become wholly or partially closed in a substantially short time.
Prior to this invention, I am not aware of a boiler which is so constructed, as to
permit of its use commercially in conjunction with a water gas producing
apparatus, owing to the fact that no provision has been made, whereby the boiler
proper could be removed without disturbing its casing or shell or rice versa, to
permit of access to the coated surfaces of the boiler for the purpose of removing
the deposit or coating on said surfaces.
This invention has for its object to provide a boiler, which is capable of being
removed from its casing or shell or vice versa, and replaced by a clean or new
boiler or casing with substantially little inconvenience, expense or delay.
These and other features of this invention, will be pointed out in the claim at
the end of this specification.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a boiled embodying this invention, and
Figure 2, a top or plan view of the boiler shown in Figure 1.
In the present instance, I have chosen to illustrate my invention in its preferred
form, namely, with the casing stationary and the boiler proper removable there-
from without disturbing the side walls of the casing.
However, if desired, the casing may be removed from the boiler by making the
necessary disconnections, and by lifting or lowering said casing away from the
boiler, thereby exposing the boiler and rendering it accessible for repairs or for
cleaning the same. In this case, the lining a may be made of substantially
light refractory material such as terra cotta bricks or blocks, which are bolted
or otherwise secured to the iron or steel jacket a, so that the said jacket with
its lining may be hoisted or lowered away from the boiler.
Referring to Figure 1. A represents the side walls of the outside shell or casing,
which may be of any desired or suitable construction, and preferably an iron or

page_text: steel jacket a provided with a lining a¹ of fire brick or other suitable refractory
material. The casing or shell is provided with a bottom A¹ and a top A², both of
a construction similar to the side walls, and one or both of which is removably
attached to the said side walls.
The casing or shell referred to, contains within it, the boiler proper, preferably
of the form and construction herein shown, and consisting of a preferably cylin-
drical body a, preferably longer than the casing or shell and extended as herein
shown through and beyond the top A2 and bottom A¹ of said casing. The body at
is provided as herein shown with removable ends or heads, a, the head a
having as shown a man-hole a³, which, in practice, will be closed by a suitable
cover not shown.
The body at of the boiler herein shown is provided with a plurality of projecting
hollow tubes or pipes b, closed at their outer ends and preferably arranged about
the body a to obtain a staggered and spiral effect. The body and its attached
tubes or pipes bare of such size as will permit of their being removed from within
the casing or shell without disturbing the side walls A of the same.
The removal of the boiler proper, may be effected by removing either the top A²
or the bottom A¹ of the outside casing, depending upon the location of the boiler
within the gas works. In the present instance, both the top A and bottom A¹ are
shown as detachably secured to the side walls A of the casing, the metal jacket
or plate for the top being shown as secured to the metal jacket a by bolts 12,
while the bottom A is shown as supported upon an angle iron ring riveted or
.bolted to a like ring attached to the metal jacket a.
In order to permit of expansion and contraction of the boiler proper and
secure a gas tight joint at the point or points where the boiler extends through
the top A or bottom A', a suitable packing is provided.
In the present instance, the boiler extends through both the top A² and
bottom of the casing, and a packing ring 70 is provided for the top A³, and a
packing ring is provided for the bottom A
The packing rings 610, 612 may be secured in position in any suitable or desired
manner, and, as hereinshown, the packing 10 is secured by means of a flanged
ring attached to the top of the casing and a second flanged ring 64 attached
to the ring as by bolts
The packing 12 may be secured in a like manner by flanged rings 6, 7 and
bolts 18. The boiler is provided as shown with a steam dome 20 formed by the
upper end of the body and a cross partition wall 621 having an outlet pipe 2
from the steam and water chamber into the steam dome 20, and to which
outlet pipe is secured, by bolts a cap 25 into which the coupling pipe 624
is screwed, the pipe 26 being extended through the top of the boiler and con-
neeted by a coupling or fitting 730 to the main steam outlet pipes 6". The pipe 25,
as shown, is screwed through the crownsheet or top a and a re-enforcing plate .
The outside casing or setting for the boiler proper, is supported on a suitable
foundation and in the present instance, the said casing is shown as resting upon
I-beams, which in turn rest upon a suitable foundation, which may be a circular
beam, which latter may be supposed to form part of the floor of the room in
which the boiler is placed. The Hoor may be the basement of the gas works, or
it may be above the basement, which
located,
latter is preferred, and when SO
the floor may have a suitable opening through which
boiler proper may be lowered down into the basement, after making the necessary
the
disconnections of the pipes and removing the bottom A¹ of the outside casing or
shell.
For the purpose just specified, the top A2 of the boiler may have attached to it,
suitable plates or pieces 640 (see Fig. 2) for the attachment of suitable tackle.
When the boiler is lowered into the basement, or to the floor below, it is accessible
for cleaning, either by hand or machinery, and when properly cleaned, it may be.
again hoisted into its casing, but if desired a second and clean boiler can be
hoisted into place within the casing, in, a comparatively short time, and when

page_text: properly positioned, the pipe connections may be made and the bottom A² replaced
and secured gas tight.
The outside casing for the boiler proper is provided as shown, with a gas inlet
in its side wall A near its bottom A¹, and with a gas outlet in its top A2, and is
further provided in its side walls A with man-holes 43, which are closed gas-tight
by suitable covers b
The top A2 of the boiler casing may have extended across it suitable bars 650 to
resist the pressure of the gas within the said casing and which are removably
attached to said casing.
In the present instance, the bottom of the boiler proper a³ is supposed to be
anchored, that is, it is supposed to rest on a solid support, which may be cross bars
resting on the beam or bar 3, while the top of the boiler is free to respond to the
variations in temperature, suitable provision being made in practice in any usual
way for the steam pipes to move with the boiler.
In order to avoid dead pockets within the casing for the accumulation of air
and gas, which might form an explosive mixture, the corners of the casing are
made rounding as shown in Fig. 1.
From the above description, it will be seen that the boiler proper may readily
be removed from its casing in a comparatively short time without destroying
or partially destroying said casing, and further that it may be removed from
either end.
I have hereinshown the boiler proper extended through both the top and
bottom, but I do not desire to limit myself in this respect, as it may be extended
only through one end. The end of the boiler, which is free to respond to varia-
tions in temperature, is provided with a suitable gas-tight packing to prevent the
escape of gas out of said casing, the gas being under pressure in said casing,
which is thus rendered pressure tight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A boiler of the character described, comprising an outside pressure tight
casing provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and having one of its ends
removable, a boiler proper located within said casing and having one end extended
through one end of said casing, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. A boiler of the character described, comprising an outside pressure tight
casing provided with a gas inlet and with a gas outlet, and a boiler located within
said casing and anchored at one end and having its other end free to respond
to variations in temperature, substantially as described.
3. A boiler of the character described, comprising an outside pressure tight
casing provided with a gas inlet and with a gas outlet and a boiler located within
said casing and having one end anchored and its other end extended loosely through
said casing, and a gas tight packing for the loose end of said boiler, substantially
as described.
4. A boiler of the character described, comprising an outside pressure tight
casing provided with a gas inlet and with a gas outlet, and a boiler located within
said casing and anchored at one end and having its other end free to respond to
variations in temperature, and means to render the casing gas-tight at the unan-
chored end of the boiler, substantially as described.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.