Improvements in Breech Mechanism of Breech Loading Guns.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 27th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 28th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by LA COMPAGNIE ANONYME DES FORGES DE
CHÂTILLON ET COMMENTRY, of 19 Rue de la Rochefoucauld, Paris, France.]
Improvements in Breech Mechanism of Breech Loading Guns.
I, HAROLD IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the breech mechanism of breech loading guns, so con-
structed that by turning a handle in the one direction, the breech plate is slid aside,
leaving the breech open, the shell of the fired cartridge is ejected, and the firing
hammer is cooked; and then, after introducing a cartridge, a turn of the handle in
the other direction causes the breech plate to slide inwards closing the breech and
when the breech is closed, but not till then, releasing the firing hammer, which can
then, by pressing a button, he made to fire the charge. The handle projects from
H. Screw threaded block which screws into the breach, there being through this
block a hole for introduction of the cartridge.
In front of this block is the breech plate which slides in guides inclined so as to
correspond with the inclination of the screw thread. A stud projects from the
screwed block into a slotted hole of the breech plate causing that plate to slide as
the screwed block is turned. The extractor, is a forked lever operated by a cam so
arranged that when the breech is open the lever receives a sudden movement
ejecting the shell of a fired cartridge. The cocking of the firing hammer is also
effected by a cam and on moving the handle a shoulder is caught in an annular
groove, bolding the hammer or cock till the shoulder reaches an opening through
which it can pass, but this opening is not reached, and consequently firing cannot
take place, till the plate has completely closed the breech.
COMPLETE 'SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breech Mechanism of Breech Loading' Guns.
1, HAROLD IMRAY, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the breech mechanism of breech loading guns, so con-
structed that by turning a handle-in the one direction, the breech block is slid aside,
leaving the breech open, the 'shell of the fired cartridge is ejected, and the firing
hammer is cooked.; and then, after introducing a cartridge, a turn of the handle in
the other direction causes the breech block to slide. inwards closing the breech and
when the breech is closed, but not till then, releasing the firing hammer, which can
then, by pressing as button, be made to fire the charge....
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.

page_text: I shall describe the mechanism for this purpose referring to the accompanying
drawings.
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal section of the breech
of a gun with breech mechanism according to this.invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the handle plate,
Fig. 4 is a front view of the screw plug,
Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 7; Fig. 6 is a similar view shewing
the striker cocked;
•
Fig. 7 is a rear view of the breech as closed; Fig. 8 is a similar view partly in
transverse section shewing the breech block lowered;
Fig. 9 is a part section showing the extractor in position having withdrawn the
cartridge shell;
Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 8;
Figs. 11 and 12 correspond respectively with Figs. 9 and 10, but shewing
different positions of the extracting gear,
Fig. 13 is a rear view shewing the extractor;
Fig. 14 is a rear view of the breech blook and striker ;
Fig. 15 is an enlarged view of part of Fig. 5.
The breech block A slides vertically in a space m formed in the breech, being
guided by projecting ribs n sliding in grooves m¹ which are inclined so as to
correspond with the inclination of the screw thread in the breech. When the
breech is closed the block A is pressed by the screw plug B, holding it firmly in
position so that, owing to the inclination of its guides and fade, it cannot descend.
A stud D projecting from the front of the screw plug B engages in a slot E of the
block A so shaped with a circular part that when the block A is lowered, as shewn
in Fig. 8, the part of the slot between the two positions D' D' is concentric with
the axis of the gun.
The
The handle plate V is fixed to the breech plug B by sorews and tenons / or
otherwise; it has faces ƒ and g which meet the extremities and of a projecting
part of the breech, forming stops to limit the turning movement of the breech plug.
When the handle C is in the position shewn in Fig. 7 the breech is closed, when it
is at C (Fig. 8) the breech is quite open, the stud being then at D and the
upper face K of the block A coincident with the bore. The breech plug
may however be farther turned bringing the handle to C and the stud
to D without farther moving the breech blook A, and during this final movement
of the handle the extraction of the shell of the fired cartridge is effected.
extractor has an arm O, and two arms P P forming a fork being as well as O
pivotted on a pin so as to form a stop hinge, and having a spring q urging the
stops of the hinge to meet. As the breech plug B is completing its rotation in the
opening movement a cam Q projecting forward from it acts under the arm
raising it and causing the arms P (which embrace the shell in front of its base lip)
to extract and eject the shell. In the first part of the back movement of the breech
plug for closing the breech, the cam Q passes over the arm O which had dropped
pushing it down in opposition to the spring g as shewn in Fig. 11. By this arrange-
ment and operation of the extractor it does not interfere in any way with the
introduction of a fresh cartridge.
Ris the dog or striker lever for firing, pivotted at o on the breech Block A its
upper part terminating with a fork a which engages in the gab b of the striker
head S.
:
The stem of S is surrounded by a 'spring c, between a stationary projection T
which guides the stem passing through it, and a collar U fixed on the stem of S.
In the handle plate V is formed an inclined groove d. "When the plate:V is turned
to open the breech .the end of the stem of S which is engaged in this groove is
pressed forwards compressing the spring until the detent W drops. behind, a
shoulder at X, the striker being thus held on dock. As the breech block A slides
down after firing and up again, the lever Ris held in the position shown in Fig.
by a springs. Under the rear nose of the detent W is the end of artzigger dövar. N

page_text: part of which e is engaged in a circular safety groove d¹. This groove prevents Y
from moving while the plate V is turned, except at one point where the groove is
widened to allow e to move outwards, the breech then being quite closed. At this.
point alone can the trigger lever Y be moved by pressing on the button Z; and
the movement of Y raises the detent W from behind the shoulder at X allowing
the spring e to push back U and S and thereby to cause the lower end of the
lever R to make a rapid stroke forwards firing the percussion cap of the charge.
By means of a pusher p passing through a circular slot at the bottom of the
grooved cocking may be effected when required without having to open the
breech.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The breech opening and closing mechanism for a breech loading gun con-
sisting of a breech screw plug having a hole through it for introduction of a charge
and projecting from it a stud engaging in a slot of a sliding breech block so
arranged that by turning the plug in the one direction the breech block is moved
to open the breech, and by turning it in the other direction it is moved to close the
breech, the slot being so shaped as to allow of a partial turning movement of the
breech plug after the breech is fully opened, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
2. In combination with the breech mechanism above referred to, extracting
mechanism consisting of a cam on the breech plug arranged to not upon an arm
of a hinged extractor, arranged and operating substantially as described.
3. In combination with the breech mechanism above referred to, the firing
mechanism, consisting of a striker lever mounted in the sliding breech block, the
spring striker head its stem with shoulder, the detent and trigger and the inclined
groove for cooking in the handle plate, substantially as described.
•
4. The safety groove in the handle plate holding the trigger immoveable except
when the breech is closed, substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of November 1895.
.
ABEL & IMKA1,
Agents for the Applicant.