Improvements in Steam Generators and in Means for Heating the same.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators and in Means for Heating
the same.
I, HENRY ALONZO HOUSE, Senior, of 294 Noble Avenue Bridgport,
Connecticut, United States of America, Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates more especially to high pressure multitubular boilers
intended for use with vapor burners, and my invention consists in so constructing
the parts as to prevent the overheating and burning away of the burner portion
of the apparatus, to avoid the difficulties and dangers resulting from the escape
of oil, to supply the burner with air in proper heated condition and to form the
tube joints capable of standing the high pressure.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a part of a marine boiler embodying
my improvements.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the hollow water base showing the burner.
Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are sectional views illustrating the coupling between the
base and the other portions of the boiler.
In the class of boilers more especially intended for marine boilers illustrated in
the drawing, there is a hollow foundation A, a drum B and series of bent water
tubes C.
When employing in this class of boilers apparatus for burning liquid fuel, it has
been usual to arrange the burner between the base and the drum B, where all the
parts are exposed to a very intense heat, as the flame from the burner is deflected
downward and against the base and outward against the tubes, and all parts of the
burner are subjected to the action of the flame, and some parts are apt to be
overheated and burnt out. Another difficulty has been that in case of any overflow
of the oil when the parts are cool, or the combustion is obstructed in any way so ag
to prevent the parts from being fully heated, the oil passes to the base and
overflows the same and is apt to saturate the woodwork and cause fires, while the
burner cannot be provided with pans or receptacles in such case for collecting the
oil because the said pans or receptacles are subjected to the action of the flame
when the apparatus is in full operation and would soon become burnt out.
In order to overcome this difficulty, I form within the base A an overflow
receptacle which being formed in the said base is surrounded by the water
contained therein, and will therefore not burn out, while I am also enabled thereby
to carry the burner to a lower position, where it is protected against undue heat
and can therefore more advantageously employ the flame in heating the parts.
As shown, it is
The said receptacle r may be formed in any suitable manner.
circular in character, open at the top and closed at the bottom, and communicates
at one side with a longitudinal recess or passage y covered by a cap plate 5,
forming an air duct through which the air can pass to the receptacle r, being
thereby properly directed to the burner so as to flow in the most effective manner
to the flame, and being also thoroughly heated in consequence of the heating of the
cap plate 5 by the flame.
From the overflow receptacle extends a pipe 6 preferably bent so as to form a
trap 6 Fig. 2, and through which any oil which leaks into the receptacle may at
once be conducted to a suitable reservoir.

page_text: In apparatus of this character, it is common to use steel tubes, and it has been
found very difficult to couple the said tubes to the base und dome of the boiler.
Generally the tubes have been flanged at the ends and the flanges clamped between
parts of the coupling, but owing to the stiff and uncompressible character of the
metal, it has been necessary to make use of packings in connection with the clamps
and flanges, and these are very apt to burn out or be displaced by the pressure
which in this class of boilers is very high, and the difficulties incident to the joints
heretofore formed have been very great.
In order to overcome these difficulties, I make use of a joint of an entirely
different character; that is, I so bend the end of. the tube as to form an annular
flexible flange adapted to suitable bearings in the coupling pieces so that the
screwing together of the said pieces will tend to put the said flange under tension,
while any increase of internal pressure will tend to carry the said flange more
firmly against its bearings and form a tighter joint. I have found that by this
means a most effective joint can be secured without the use of packings.
The flanges and coupling pieces may be differently formed so as to secure this
result. As shown in Fig. 3 the tube 7 is first bent outward and then inward at
the ends, forming an annular flange 8 curved in cross section, and the threaded
nipple 9 has at the inner end an annular recess to receive the end of the flange,
while the nut 10 has a shoulder u that hears upon the upper portion of the flange.
As a result when the nut is screwed against the flange and upon the nipple, the
shoulder bearing upon the flange teuds to compress and put the same under
tension, forcing its edge down into the groove v, while any internal pressure tends
to force outward the flange and bring its outer face to bear more firmly against the
shoulder u and the outer edge of the groove v.
In the construction shewn in Fig. 4, the parts are somewhat differently
proportioned, but the general construction and arrangement is the same. In the
construction shewn in Fig. 5, the flange is first bent outward and then inward, and
the shoulder u bears upon the outward projecting portion of the flange, and the
edge of the flange at the end bears against the side of the recess and any internal
pressure tends to straighten the lower inturned section of the flange and force its
upper portion and its lower edge more firmly against their bearings. The
construction shewn in Fig. 5 is generally similar to that shewn in Fig. 6, except
that the inner shoulder of the flange is more abrupt and more nearly a horizontal,
the result being substantially the same. In all these constructions, the flange is
put under tension as the nut or cap is screwed upon the nipple and the internal
pressure tends to bring portions of the flange to bear more firmly against their
bearings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. For a high pressure boiler the application and use of a hollow water base
with overflow receptacle formed therein in combination with a removable vapour
producing burner arranged within the seid receptacle, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
2. For a high pressure boiler the application and use of a hollow water base
with overflow receptacle formed therein, in combination with a removable vapour
producing burner arranged within the said receptacle, a drip pipe leading from the
receptacle and a lateral air supply duct substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
3. For a high pressure boiler the application and use of a hollow water base A
with overflow receptacles formed therein and an air supply duet y with cap plate 5
in combination with a vapour producing burner arranged within the suid receptacle
and a pipe 6 with trap 6 substantially as shown and describ. d.
4. For
Ligh pressure boiler the puplication and use of conaceting pipes batwren
the water and stem containing elements of the boiler spiest to fur.n

page_text: curved flexible flanges at the ends in combination with nipples having bearings for
the ends of the flanges, and nuts having bearings for outwardly extending portions
of the flanges, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. The construction of multitubular high pressure boiler shewn in the drawings.
Dated this 25th day of October 1895.
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.