Improvements in Heat Exchanging Apparatus for Fluids.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heat Exchanging Apparatus for Fluids.
I, PETER SHARP HYSLOP, of 5, Clarence Villas, Walmer, in the County of Kent,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows,
that is to say:-
My said invention has for its object to increase the efficiency of heat exchang-
ing apparatus for fluids. My improved apparatus consists essentially of a vessel
in which separate passages are formed, for the ingoing cold fluid to be heated and
for the fluid from which the heat is to be obtained, by means of a specially
constructed partition made of thin metal sheet arranged in a zigzag or serpentine
form, the ingoing and outgoing streams of fluids entering the vessel at opposite
ends between distributing guide flanges. The partition may be made with
indentations or corrugations to increase the surface and agitate the currents.
In carrying out my invention I form the improved heat exchanger of a vessel
or casing by preference constructed of castiron plates of rectangular form. In
this casing separate spaces or passages are formed for the ingoing cold fluid
to be heated and for the fluid from which the heat is to be obtained, by a
partition made of thin metal, preferably sheet copper, which is a good heat
conductor, and which is disposed in a zigzag or serpentine form. The zigzag
folds are preferably vertical and the hot fluid passes through the under spaces
whilst the cold fluid passes through the upper spaces, the two fluids entering
at opposite ends of the casing and proceeding in opposite directions. The
folded zigzag metal sheet is attached to the bottom of the casing in a manner
to allow of its expansion and contraction by changes of temperature taking place
without straining it. The zigzag metal sheet is made with indentations and
projections or it might be corrugations to cause agitation of the fluids flowing
in contact with it. The open ends of the zigzag metal sheet communicating with
the under spaces are each closed by being fixed to a piece of cutwater section,
The inlets
this piece having a flange for fixing it to the casing bottom plate.
and outlets for the fluids are of a bottle-neck form, and have within them guide
flanges to distribute the ingoing fluid and collect the outgoing fluid in a uniform
manner to and from all the passages in the casing. The heat exchanger com-
municates with any desired apparatus by pipes fitted with stuffing-box joints
to allow of expansion and contraction. The outside of the casing may be covered
or coated with non-conducting material such as felt or silicate cotton to prevent
loss of heat by radiation; and it is further covered with quilted felt or canvas
or other suitable material to prevent loss of heat by convection. Provision is
made for quickly cleaning the interior of the heat exchangers, overhead travelling
lifting apparatus being arranged for raising the covers of the casings; and
:

page_text: rotatory or other suitable brushing apparatus being provided for operating on
the zigzag metal sheet or other parts.
Dated this Tighteenth day of January 1898
Improvements in Heat Exchanging Apparatus for Fluids.
I, PETER SHARP HYSLOP, of 5, Clarence Villas, Walmer, in the County of Kent,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
My said invention has for its object to increase the efficiency of heat exchang-
ing apparatus for fluids. My improved apparatus consists essentially of a vessel
in which separate passages are formed for the ingoing cold fluid to be heated, and
for the fluid from which the heat is to be obtained by means of a specially
constructed partition made of a thin metal sheet arranged in a zigzag or serpentine
form, the ingoing and outgoing streams of fluids entering the vessel at opposite
ends between distributing guide flanges. The partition may be made with
indentations or corrugations to increase the surface and agitate the currents.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood, I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory draw-
ings to be hereinafter referred to and showing my improved apparatus.
Figures, 1, and '2, on Sheet, 1, of the drawings are vertical and horizontal
longitudinal sections, of part of the heat exchanger. Figure, 3, is a transverse
vertical section, and Figure, 4, on Sheet, 2, is a longitudinal vertical section of
parts of the heat exchanger as drawn to a larger scale. Figure, 5, is a horizontal
section of part of a detail. Figures, 6, 7, and 8, are transverse vertical sections
of further modifications of a detail. In these drawings the same reference letters
are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
My improved heat exchanger consists of a vessel or casing, a part of which is
shown in the drawings the remainder being similar. In this casing separate
spaces or passages are formed for the ingoing cold fluid to be heated, and for the
fluid from which the heat is to be obtained.
The heat exchanger casing is preferably constructed of cast-iron plates, A, and
is of rectangular form and is preferably supported upon roller bearings, B, to
permit of a limited longitudinal movement for expansion or contraction. The
part, C, separating the two streams of fluid, is of thin metal, preferably sheet
copper, which is a good heat conductor and which is disposed in a zigzag or
serpentine form. The zigzag folds are preferably vertical and the hot Huid
enters and leaves the sections by way of passages, D, formed in the said sections
passing through under spaces, E, while the cold fluid passes through upper
spaces, F, the two fluids entering at opposite ends of the casing and proceeding
in opposite directions. The folded zigzag metal sheet, C, is attached to the
bottom of the casing in a manner to allow of its expansion and contraction, by
changes of temperature, taking place without straining it. The open ends of
the zigzag metal sheet, C, communicating with the bottom spaces, E, are each
closed by being fixed to a piece, G, of cut-water section this piece having a
flange, H,. for fixing it to the casing-bottom plate, A, pieces of rubber, J
(Figure, 4) being, interposed between this flange and a rib, K, on the casing

page_text: bottom plate. The metal sheet, C, is made with indentations and projections, L,
as shown in Figure, 5, or it might be corrugations to cause agitation of the
fluids flowing in contact with it. The outside of the casing may be covered or
coated with non-conducting material, M, such as felt or silicate cotton, to prevent
loss of heat by radiation, and it is further covered with quilted felt or canvas, V,
or other suitable material to prevent loss of heat by convection. Provision is
made for quickly cleaning the interior of the heat-exchanger, overhead travelling
lifting apparatus, N, being arranged for raising the covers of the casings, and
rotatory or other suitable brushing apparatus is provided for operating on the
zigzag metal sheet, C, or other parts. The inlets and the outlets for the fluids
are of a bottle neck form, and have within them guide flanges, P, to distribute
the ingoing fluid, and collect the outgoing fluid in a uniform manner to and from
all the passages in the casing. The heat-exchanger communicates with any
desired apparatus by pipes, Q, fitted with stuffing-box joints to allow of expansion
and contraction.
In cases where the apparatus would be used for the exchange of heat between
highly heated gases, such as chimney gases and the air supply to any furnace,
I provide a guard-piece at each fold of the zigzag metal sheet, C, for preventing
the too rapid oxidation of the sheet at the fold. The guard, R, as applied and
shown in Figure, 6, is of metal, and is attached to the sheet, C, by hooked
bolts, S, so as to be easily detachable. Or the guard may be formed of refractory
material such as fireclay or ganister, as shown in Figure, 7, and similarly
attached to the sheet, C. Or the guard may be in the form of a tube, T,
(Figure 8) supported from the sheet, C, by a strap bolt, U, or otherwise, and
suitably connected for the flow of liquids through it either for heating or
evaporation.
Having obtained a Patent No. 914 of 1897, the Complete Specification of
which was accepted on 12th February 1898, for "Improvements in and connected
with apparatus for treating sewage" part of which apparatus is substantially
the same in construction as that hereinbefore described, I hereby exclude sewage
from amongst the fluids to which such apparatus is to be applied according to my
present specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A heat-exchanger for fluids, other than sewage comprising a vessel in which
separate passages are formed for the ingoing cold fluid to be heated, and for
the fluid from which the heat is to be obtained, by a partition made of a thin
metal sheet of a zigzag or serpentine form, with distributing guide flanges leading
to the passages formed by the zigzags, substantially as herein before described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. A heat-exchanger for fluids other than sewage comprising a vessel, with
inlets, and outlets, and a separating-partition of thin metal of zigzag section, to
form passages for the flow of the fluids, the said zigzag partition having also
indentations or projections, to cause agitation of the flowing fluids substantially
as herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Seventeenth day of October 1898.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.