CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS ON AND ADDITIONS TO MY FORMER PATENT, FOR AN APPARATUS TO BE ATTACKED TO FIRE STOVES OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS FOR ROOMS, FOR THE REMOVAL OF CINDERS AND ASHES AND FOR THE BETTER PREVENTION OF DUST ARISING THEREFROM, WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS AND ADDITIONS MAY BE USED JOINTLY OR SEPARATELY
Year: 1817

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, greeting,
I, JOHN RAFFIELD, of Edward Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Architect, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Tenth day of
January, in the fifty-seventh year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the
said John Raffield, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, His especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John Raffield, my exors,"
admors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years
therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS ON AND ADDITIONS TO MY FORMER PATENT, FOR AN APPARATUS TO BE ATTACKED
TO FIRE STOVES OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS FOR ROOMS, FOR THE REMOVAL OF CINDERS AND
ASHES AND FOR THE BETTER PREVENTION OF DUST ARISING THEREFROM, WHICH SAID
IMPROVEMENTS AND ADDITIONS MAY BE USED JOINTLY OR SEPARATELY;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the said John Raffield,
shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His

page_text: Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
shall forthwith cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the same,
relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Raffield, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following
description thereof (that is to say):-
My said improvements upon my said former Patent consist in inserting
partly in the chimney or flue, and partly in the solid wall, a pipe or tube,
which I call the ash conveyer, passing from the upper floor to the floor of the
basement story, with openings into the said ash conveyer going from under
the grate of the hearth of each floor below, in an inclined direction downwards,
and at such an angle that the cinders and ashes received into the said opening
may find no impediment in their passage through the said opening into the
said ash conveyer, thro' which they descend into a proper receptacle in the
basement story, where they are received into two compartments in a sifted
state, the ashes in one of the said compartments and the cinders in the other.
That the nature of my said Invention may be perfectly understood, I proceed
to illustrate its application by a Drawing attached hereto. Fig. 1 represents
a front elevation and section of the chimnies of the basement of the parlour
and first floor. Fig. 2, the plan of the parlour fireplace. Fig. 3, the plan of
the kitchen or basement fireplace. Fig. 4, a profile section of Fig. 1.
In the following description the same letters of reference are put to the similar
parts of the different Figures :-Figs. 1, 4 and 5, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, repre-
sent the common flues of the chimnies. b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, Figs. 1, 2,
4, 5, 6, and 7, represent the said ash conveyer descending from the second
floor, thro' the first floor and the parlour to the basement floor, where its
lower extremity enters the sifter box c, c, c, c, Fig. 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7, which
will be described hereafter. d, d, d, d, d, Fig. 1, 4, and 5, represent cavities
under the hearths intended to receive the ashes which fall from the grates over
them), and to transmit-the same through the inclined pipe or tube e, e, e, e, e, e,
Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5, into the asli conveyer b, b, b, b. In Fig. 5 is shewn the
apparatus or contrivance by which the ashes are sent from the bottom of
the grates into the said cavities d, d, d. This apparatus forms part of the
Invention for which I obtained the aforesaid Patent, dated the Twentieth day of
January, in the fifty-second year of His present Majesty's reign, and has been

page_text: already described in my Specification of the Twentieth day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and twelve, and is mentioned and briefly described
here, not as forming any part of the Invention for which the present Patent
has been obtained, but only to make the present Specification more intelligible.
This apparatus consists of the flat inclined plate of metal n, n, on which the
ashes fall from the bottom of the grate m, where they slide over the angular
plate o, o, o, into the cavity d. Over the cavity d there is an iron plate s, t,
forming part of the hearth, and moveable upon the joint or pivot u, so that
by pressing upon the said plate s, t, at the end t, with a poker, or anything
at hand, the said plate s, t, turning upon the said pivot u, may be changed
from the horizontal position in which it commonly lies, into an inclined
position, as shewn in Fig. 5, and so cause any ashes or cinders which may
have fallen from the front of the grate to pass into the said cavity d, when,
the poker being removed, the said plate s, t, by the preponderance of weight
given to the end s, again resume its horizontal position. I again return to the
subject of my present Specification. In the said cavity d I introduce a
grating 9, 9, 9, 9, g, for the purpose of preventing any large coals or cinders
from descending, this grating being moveable, and of such dimensions that
by laying hold of the handle h it may be taken from the cavity d, by lifting
the hearth plate s, t, from its place to be emptied when necessary. From
what has been stated it is obvious that all the ashes and small cinders, that is,
those cinders which can pass through the said grating 9, 9, must find their way
thro' the cavity d, through the grating 9, and the inclined tube, into the
said ash conveyer b, and descend without meeting with any impediment
till they reach the sifter box c, made of metal, and constructed in the following
or any similar manner :-Fig. 6 shews what I call a front section. Fig. 7, a
side section, shewing the screen u, v, of which the edge is shewn in Fig. 6,
v, v. Fig. 8 is a plan of the bottom. This sifter, which may be called
self-acting, performs its duty in the following manner, that is to say-The
ashes and cinders which descend by the ash conveyer b, fall upon the screen
v, v, which separates them. The ashes passing thro' the said skreen arc
conveyed thro' the opening w, Figs. 1, 6, 8, and descend by the tube u',
Fig. 1, 3, 4, 6, into the ash pit i, Fig. 1, 4, and the cinders sliding from
the said skreen v, v, Fig. 6, 7, are conveyed thro' the opening y, Y, Y, Y,
Fig. 1, 6, 7, 8, and descend by the tube y, z, Fig. 1, 3, 6, 7, into the cinder
pit p. Fig. 1, the front of the cinder sifter c, which I generally place in the
basement chimney (say in the kitchen, is made to open for the convenience
of examining or repairing the skreen, or to change it, should one coarser or
finer be wished to be substituted. The ash pit and cinder pit may be placed

page_text: either at the side of or under the basement chimney, or in any place not too
remote. In the Drawing I have represented it as under the said chimney
(see Fig. 1). In Fig. 8, 9 represents a plate of iron, which is moveable, and
is taken up when the ashes and cinders are to be taken away.
.
Having now described and specified as clearly as possible the nature of
my said Invention, I need only remark further that I make the said ash
conveyer either of tin plate, of sheet or of cast iron, or of earthenware. If
to be applied to a house that is yet to build, I either build in the tube that
composes the ash conveyer, or leave a sufficient channel or little flue in those
parts of the brickwork where it is necessary to allow the introduction after-
wards of the tube that is to form the said ash conveyor. If my said Invention
is to be applied to buildings already erected, then the hearth been taken up
I bore a cylindrical hole from the back corner of the chimney down thro'
the brickwork, till it reaches the opening of the chimney in the floor imme-
diately under, and so from each floor to the onc below it, till it reaches the
basement, as may be seen in Fig. 1, where the brickwork is bored thro
from 1 to 2, from 3 to 4, from 5 to 6. The rest of the course of the ash
conveyer, falling in one of the back corners of the open part of the chimney,
consequently need no boring, the tube in these parts being covered with
the brickwork in setting the grate or stove. The way in which the cavity d
and the inclined tube or passage e is to be formed may be seen by a bare
inspection of the Drawings, and any competent workman will be at no loss
to form it properly in that part of the wall which falls under the back part of
the hearth. I have put scales of parts upon the Drawing, but only for the
purpose of giving a general idea to the workmen who may hereafter construct
my said apparatus or Invention; for this admits of some latitude, and the
proportion of the parts may be varied by any prudent workman without
destroying or frustrating the object intended to be gained. I might also point
out different modifications that might be adopted, but this, instead of making
the description more intelligible would only tend to obscure it, for from the
foregoing description no competent workman will find any difficulty in
adapting my said Invention to the particular cases of building to which it
may be wished to apply it.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Raffield, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
hundred and coventoon
JOHN (L.S.) RAFFIELD.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Ninth day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1817, the aforesaid John Raffield came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventeen.