Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles and Moulds for the same.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 12th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 21st Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles and Moulds for
the same.
SAMUEL WASHINGTON Managing Director Oaklands Harpurhey Manchester do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of glass bottles. The object of the
invention is to make at one operation a bottle having a finished neck. By this
invention the mould in which the bottles are formed is made with a neck longer than
the neck of the bottle intended to be made. The upper part of the neck of the said
mould, which part call the collar, may be seperate and detatchable and made in such
manner as to lie closely upon the mould and form a continuation of the neck of
the same.
The said collar may be made in two or more sections and if seperate may
be made compressible and may be attached to the mould by springs. For the purpose
of shapeing the neck of the bottle groves or recesses of any desired form may be made
in any part of the collar or of the neck of the mould. A bottle having been blown
in the mould in the customary manner the neck of the bottle may be shaped in it by
the pressure of a suitable die, or of the collar of the mould, or of both combined whilst
the glass is still plastic.
101
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles and Moulds for
the same.
I SAMUEL WASHINGTON of "Oaklands" Harpurhey near Manchester Managing
Director of the James B. Hengler Manufacturing Company Limited do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of glass bottles and consists in part
of further improvements based on my former Invention described in the Specification
of Letters Patent No. 14,466 of 1888. The object of the Invention is to make at one
operation a bottle having a finished neck. By this Invention the mould in which the
bottles are formed is made with a neck longer than the neck of the bottle intended to
be made. The upper part of the neck of the said mould, which part I call the collar,
may be separate and detachable and made in such manner as to lie closely upon the
mould and form a continuation of the neck of the same. The said collar may be made
in two or more sections and if separate may be made compressible and may be attached
to the mould by springs.
For the purpose of shaping the neck of the bottle grooves or recesses of any desired
form may be made in any required part of the collar or of the neck of the mould.
A bottle having been blown in the mould in the customary manner, the neck of the
bottle is shaped in it by the pressure of a suitable die or of the collar of the mould or
of both combined whilst the glass is still plastic.
To clearly explain the nature of my Invention reference is made to the accompanying
drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an ordinary bottle mould having my improvements
applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a plan view of same.

page_text: "
Figure 3 is a view looking at one face of the divided mould in the direction shown
by the arrow in Figure 1.
Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged views of a portion of a mould with collar and
die or plunger showing the manner in which the neck or head is formed after the
glass is blown.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a mould having what I term a
compressible collar thereon, showing also the die or plunger.
Figure 7 is a plan view of the mould and collar portion only.
Figure 8 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a mould having another form of
compressible collar and showing the die or plunger.
Figure 9 is a plan view of the mould and collar portion only.
Figure 10 shows in section a collar portion and a modified form of die or plunger.
A is the ordinary bottle mould formed in sections hinged together, one of them
being secured to a bed plate B by a bolt or set screw passing through an arm of same
as shown, the corresponding arm on the other half carrying a hook to which a cord
may be attached for the blower to operate in the usual way to close the mould. Each
section of the mould A carries a section of collar a a forming an extension of the neck
of same, inside of which (or partly inside of which and partly inside the neck of the
mould as shewn in Figure 8) are formed grooves b of the shape which it is desired to
give to the mouth, lip or flange of the bottle, the top groove forming a projection or
cutting edge as shown, upon which the glass is severed.
Above these grooves the collar forms such an extension of the neck as to prevent the
too rapid cooling of the glass at those parts, so leaving it hot and in condition to be
pressed into shape.
Attached to the bed plate B is a standard c carrying a vertical shaft D in which is a
grooved straight for some distance but turning obliquely at the upper end. On this
shaft is a block E a feather e on which engages with the groove d. To an arm on the
block Ea die or plunger holder fis bolted. Attached to either side of the block E
are link pieces F the other ends of which are connected to a pivoted treadle lever G
which is formed as shown, so as to embrace the standard c and connected parts. To-
hold this lever normally up a spring H is connected to it and to some overhead part."
As the treadle G is forced down, the block E has a partial turn given to it, owing to
the engagement of its feather e with the grooved and is brought from the position
shown in Figures 1 and 2 into the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 2 bringing
the die or plunger I directly over the opening of the mould and down into same as
shewn in Figure 3 to a limited extent. The object of giving this turn to the die or
plunger 1 is to permit it when carried up to be held out of the way of the mould
opening for the purpose of enabling the blower to insert his blow pipe and parison
into the mould as also to leave a free space for the removal of the finished bottle.
In Figures 4 and 5 are shown clearly the manner in which I produce the finished
neck, the entire operation of forming the bottle being as follows:-
The blower having inserted the parison in the open mould by means of his blow
pipe, closes same and proceeds to blow until he brings his pipe with the superfluous
metal outside of the collar as shewn in Figure 4. bursting an opening in this portion of
the metal. By then operating the treadle with his foot he brings the die or plunger 1
down into the neck of the mould. The die or plunger which is slightly tapered in.
shape collects the glass which has formed the shoulder y around the cutting edge b¹
and forces it down into the part which it fills, while the flat part of the die or
plunger coming against the cutting edge cuts off and completes the bottle neck as
shewn in Figure 5. The glass being compressed by the die or plunger forms the smooth
interior to the neck required for the insertion of the cork.
In Figures 6 and 7 are shewn a compressible collar such as described in an appli-
cation filed by me on the 9th day of October 1888 under No. 14,466.
In this it will be seen that the collar a which is necessarily in sections slides upon
the neck portion & of the mould A. each section being held in contact therewith by
the springs on the pivoted arms K K. Both portions of the collar are held

page_text: normally in the raised position shown by the springs m m on the posts m² m² which
pass through the arms K K. The die or plunger I in this case carries two arms n n
which as the die descends press upon the two halves of the collar and force it down
the shoulder cutting off the superfluous glass by its contact with the edge of the
cutter 6. In this way the finished and compressed neck is formed, partly by the
forcing down of a portion of the glass by the die or plunger I as before
described, and partly by the compression of the glass which occupies the space in
the groove b.
In Figure 8 the collar sections a a are compressible in another direction (i.e. laterally).
As shewn when open they form a sort of oval shape with one portion constructed to
partly enter the other, until when closed they form a perfect circle. Each collar
section slides on its corresponding section of the mould A, and the sections are kept
normally open by the springs L to an extent limited by the stop pieces qq. When
the die or plunger I descends the arms nn strike the arms K' K₁ and press them
against the inclines o. o of the collar sections thus forcing them in against the action of
the spring L and bringing the interior of the collar sections into the form of a true
circle the effect of which is to compress the glass in the groove around the plunger I
the cutting off being effected as before described by the shoulder h striking the entting
edge b'.
Figure 10 shows a die or plunger I in which the shoulder ¹ carries the cutting
edge p p which severs the glass and completes the bottle by its contact with the walls
of the groove.
It will be evident that many other forms of bottles (or jars) than those shown may
be formed in this manner, such as those having lips or flanges internally screwed and
other forms of necks and that many other modifications are possible in the construction
of the collar, cutter and.die, those shown being only some of the forms for the purpose
of illustrating my Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. The improvement in the manufacture of glass bottles which consists in com-
pressing a solid neck, lip, flange or the like by means of a die or plunger after the
bottle has been blown, and whilst the metal is still plastic in the mould substantially as
described.
2. A mould for the manufacture of glass bottles having a collar or neck longer than
the neck of the bottle to be made, said neck or collar being grooved or shaped
as required in combination with a die or plunger and a cutting device substantially
as described.
3. The combination with a mould of a collar having grooves therein and a cutting
device, with a die or plunger carrying a shoulder adapted to engage with the cutting
device, said die adapted to carry down sufficient glass to compress around itself a
solid neck, head lip or flange substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
4. A mould having a collar movable thereon in combination with a suitable die or
plunger and cutting devices, said movable collar being adapted to compress a solid head
neck lip or flange around the die substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated the 12th day of August 1889.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.