A Novel Preparation for Fining and Frothing or Imparting a Foam to Beer and other Fermented Beverages.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 24th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 24th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 30th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Novel Preparation for Fining and Frothing or Imparting a Foam
to Beer and other Fermented Beverages.
I, THOMAS READE, of the firm of Reade Brothers and Company, of 62
and 63 Victoria Street, Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturing Chemists, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Separate preparations have hitherto been used, respectively, for fining beer and
other fermented beverages, and for imparting a froth or foam thereto. The
preparation usually employed for imparting the froth or foam is saponin, conveniently,
but not essentially, in the form of an infusion, or extract, or powdered extract, of
quillai bark; and such preparation is made, according to the ordinary methods, by
first either concentrating an infusion of quillai bark by evaporation so as to produce
a strong liquid, or evaporating such infusion to a paste or to dryness, so as to
produce an extract or powder as the case may be, and then adding, in either case,
various other ingredients for the purpose of preserving such liquid, extract or
powder, from deterioration and for rendering it convenient in application. These
additions, however, are extraneous in character in relation to the purpose for which
the preparation is required, taking no permanent or substantial part in producing the
frothing or foaming effect desired.
Now, the object of this invention is to combine in one preparation (preferably not
greater in bulk than that of the finings when used alone) ingredients both for fining,
and frothing or giving a foam to, beer and other fermented beverages, and thereby
avoid the use of the extraneous matters above referred to, and also the need for
either concentrating or evaporating to a paste or to dryness, as the case may be, the
infusion containing saponin used for producing the froth or foam.
According to this invention, saponin either as an infusion, extract, or powdered
extract, of quillai bark, or in other form as the case may be, is simply added to a
solution of isinglass which constitutes the finings, and such solution acts both as a
vehicle for the infusion or other body containing the saponin and as a preservative
thereof. When an infusion containing saponin is put into the finings in such form,
it becomes a portion of the diluent of the isinglass solution, and takes the place of
an equivalent quantity of water, so that the bulk of the entire preparation is not
greater than that of the ordinary finings. In such case, also, the infusion does not
need to be concentrated.
Dated this 23rd day of July 1890.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Novel Preparation for Fining and Frothing or Imparting a Foam
to Beer and other Fermented Beverages.
I, THOMAS READE, of the firm of Reade Brothers and Company, of 62
and 63 Victoria Street, Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturing Chemists, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Separate preparations have hitherto been used, respectively, for fining beer and

page_text: other fermented beverages, and for imparting a froth or foam thereto. The
preparation usually employed for imparting the froth or foam is saponin, con-
veniently, but not essentially, in the form of an infusion, or extract, or powdered
extract, of quillai bark; and such preparation is made, according to the ordinary
methods, by first either concentrating an infusion of quillai bark by evaporation so
as to produce a strong liquid, or evaporating such infusion to a paste or to dryness,
so as to produce an extract or powder as the case may be, and then adding, in either
case, various other ingredients for the purpose of preserving such liquid, extract or
powder, from deterioration and for rendering it convenient in application. These
additions, however, are extraneous in character in relation to the purpose for which
the preparation is required, taking no permanent or substantial part in producing
the frothing or foaming effect desired.
Now, the object of this invention is to combine in one preparation (preferably not
greater in bulk than that of the finings when used alone) ingredients both for fining,
and frothing or giving a foam to, beer and other fermented beverages, and thereby
avoid the need for using the extraneous matters above referred to, and preferably
also the need for either concentrating or evaporating to a paste or to dryness, as
the case may be, the infusion containing saponin used for producing the froth
'or foam.
According to this invention, saponin in the form of an infusion, extract, or
powdered extract, of quillai bark (but preferably in the form of an infusion), or in
other suitable form or prepared from other suitable source, is simply added to a
solution of isinglass which constitutes the finings, and such solution acts both as a
vehicle for the infusion or other body containing the saponin and as a preservative
thereof. When an infusion containing saponin is put into the finings in such form,
it becomes a portion of the diluent of the isinglass solution, and takes the place of
an equivalent quantity of water, so that the bulk of the entire preparation is not
greater than that of the ordinary finings. In such case, also, the infusion does not
need to be concentrated.
According to a convenient method of making the combined preparation for fining
and frothing for the purpose set forth, about one hundredweight of bruised quillai
bark is infused or macerated in hot or cold water (preferably cold, for convenience).
For this purpose, about 40 gallons of water are first used and are drained off from
the bark after infusing or macerating for about 24 hours; a further quantity of
about 40 gallons of water is added to the bark and allowed to stand for 24 hours,
after which it is drained off; and then a third quantity of about 40 gallons of water
is added to the bark to complete the extraction, which is accomplished in a further
period of about 24 hours, after which this liquid also is drained off from the bark.
The time given above as occupied in preparing the infusion, applies in the case of
using cold water. If hot water be used the time required will, of course, be
considerably shortened. The whole quantity of infusion drained from the bark is
added to a sufficient quantity of extra strong solution of isinglass, prepared in the
usual or any convenient manner, to make up 300 gallons of liquid which constitutes
the complete preparation; and the strength of the isinglass solution must be such
that, when added to the infusion, the complete preparation thus made will be of the
ordinary strength and thickness of finings.
If, instead of an infusion of quillai bark, an extract, or powdered extract, thereof
is used in making the combined preparation for fining and frothing, it is simply
added to an isinglass solution of the ordinary strength as used for finings. It is
preferred, however, in making the preparation, to use an infusion prepared in the
manner described, whereby the concentrating of the liquid containing the saponin,
and its evaporation to dryness, are avoided.
The directions above given for making the combined fining and frothing
preparation, in the case of using infusion, extract or powdered extract, of quillai
bark, apply generally also, as will be obvious, in the case of employing for such
purpose-saponin in other suitable form, or prepared from other suitable source.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A preparation for both fining, and frothing or imparting a foam to, beer and
other fermented beverages, composed substantially as described.
2. A preparation for both fining, and frothing or imparting a foam to, beer and
other fermented beverages, composed of saponin either as contained in an infusion
of quillai bark or other infusion, or in other suitable form or prepared from other
suitable source, and solution of isinglass, without the addition of extraneous matter,
substantially as described.
3. A preparation for both fining, and frothing or imparting a foam to, beer and
other fermented beverages, composed of saponin contained in an infusion of quillai
bark or other infusion, added to a strong solution of isinglass, the proportions of
such infusion and solution being such that their combination produces simply, a
finings of the ordinary strength and thickness (that is, of finings of the same bulk,
for a given effect as finings, as ordinary finings) which has also, by virtue of the
saponin contained therein, the property of frothing or imparting a foam to beer and
other fermented beverages, substantially as described.
4. A preparation for both fining and frothing or imparting a foam to, beer and
other fermented beverages, produced substantially in the manner herein specifically
described, for the purpose set forth.
Dated thi. 02nd do of Anuil 1901
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.