Improvements in Rotary Engines and Motors and Pumps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 21st May, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Engines and Motors and Pumps.
I MOSES JAMES ADAMS Sanitary Engineer Peasholme Green York do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
In rotary engines as at present constructed a stop or slide valve has been used
which closes behind the moving piston such closing of stop or slide valve forms a
chamber in which the steam or other pressure is applied its power causing the
piston to travel being withdrawn that the piston may pass it and again closed that
the action above described may be repeated or some similar arrangement.
Under my present improvement I dispense with this stop or slide valve and in
place thereof provide two or more pistons which travel round my cylinder they are
so placed and connected that either may become the backstop between which and
another piston the motive power is applied. In the engine as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings I use two plates as connections between my pistons and the
shaft or axis one plate acts upon the main shaft, the other on a hollow shaft
through which the main shaft passes. The main shaft and the hollow shaft are so
connected and geared together that I obtain different rates of movement in my
pistons, thus whilst one is stationary or travels but slowly acting as a backstop
against the pressure of steam or other force held in this position by a pawl or
other arrangement, the other piston travels forward and through the shaft imparts
rotary motion to the fly wheel as shewn. The first piston having moved through
such portion of the circumference of my cylinder as may be desirable the piston
which has been acting as backstop now quickens its speed coming sufficiently close
to the first to again form a backstop, this piston may also serve to eject the exhaust
through suitable valves or openings or my first piston travel sufficiently far to
form a backstop for the second and so alternately they may thus act as ejectors
for the exhaust also. As a gas engine one piston travels through such portion of
the circumference of my cylinder as is desirable drawing a charge of explosive
mixture or other vapor the next piston following at a quicker rate of travel com-
presses the charge which is then fired by suitable means the compressing piston
acting as backstop and becoming stationary or travelling at a less rate of speed
than the first which is propelled by the firing of the charge.
If it is not desired to compress the charge I arrange my pistons to travel accord-
ingly. Used as a pump motion is imparted by outside power to the shaft the
pistons then working as last described draw and discharge the liquid. to be raised
as they draw the gases and discharge the products of combustion when used as a
gas engine.
As a water motor the arrangement corresponds as nearly as possible with the
plan first described where steam is used as a motive power.
On reference to drawings it will be seen I shew a longitudinal section an end
elevation and a section on plan and in each the lettering will be found to agree.
B is the bed of my engine A a cylinder running round the circumference of the
engine. C shaft on which the plate D acts with piston E attached. X the hollow
shaft on which the plate D 1 and piston F act. H. L. G. I are cog wheels arranged
to give a difference of speed on the shafts C and X. Y a clutch to put these cogs
into gear and release them as required. Ka disc guide acting through J on the
clutch Y and putting it in and out of gear. Z a countershaft to carry cogs gear
and clutch. $. T. are eccentrics with rods R 1 and Q 1 acting on feed valve P and
exhaust valve O. through cranks R and Q. U is the feed pipe.
As shewn by drawings the arrangement is for a gas engine but the pipe U

page_text: without the aspirator U 1 gas supply W and firing tube N, serve for the supply as a
steam engine. V is the exhaust. In a pump U will become the suction and V the
delivery pipes. My valves P and O are arranged to close at such part of my
piston movement that the best results are obtained this being regulated by the
eccentrics and where necessary by a suitable governor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is―
1st. In a rotary engine or motor the combination of two or more pistons
travelling round the circumference of the cylinder such pistons becoming backstop
or working piston as occasion may require and between which pistons the pressure
of steam water gas air or other power shall be exerted so acting upon an axle and
fly wheel or in other way imparting motion to a fly wheel.
2nd. The use of travelling pistons in a rotary gas engine which shall draw in
the charge to be fired compress the same and expel the products of combustion
after firing.
3rd. The use of the same pistons and motion but without compression.
4th. The mode of compressing a charge of explosive or gaseous mixture in a
rotary engine such compression being obtained between a piston and another piston
or a stop.
5th. The use of a charge of explosive or gaseous mixture in a rotary engine
such charge being drawn into the cylinder by the travelling of a rotary piston.
6th. The use of two or more pistons in a rotary engine, motor or pump one or
more of which pistons shall form as desired a backstop between which and another
piston the power shall be exerted or suction applied.
7th. The combination of the various parts shewn by my drawings and herein
described or their equivalent though differing in conformity substantially the same.
Dated this 7th day of April 1892.
MOSES JAMES ADAMS.