IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emil Haas, of 16, Mark Lane, in the City of
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
Sealed the 6th April 1869, and dated the 12th November 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emil Haas at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th November 1868.
I, EMIL HAAS, of 16, Mark Lane, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING.
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in sewing machines,
and the improvements relate to that class of sewing machines in which,
a single thread is used.
In this class of machine I employ a needle formed with a spring.
beard similar to the beard of the needles of knitting machines; the.
needle I also employ to effect the feeding forward of the fabric. For.
this purpose the needle passes through a guiding hole in a plate which.
is held at a short distance above the table or plate on which the fabric.

page_text: or work rests, whilst the upper end of the needle is fixed in a holder
carried by the pin of a crank which is on the end of the driving axis;
this axis passes from end to end of the arm of the machine. The
amount of feed given to the fabric is adjusted by moving the plate
through which the needle passes towards or from the table or plate upon
which the work rests. The thread from the reel is led through a loop
or coil of wire which is fixed to the under side of the table of the
machine just at the side of the slot therein down through which the
needle passes.
When the needle has passed down through the work and
through this slot its lower end is by the movement of the crank moved
sideways, which not only gives the forward feed to the work, but swings
the lower end of the needle from one side of the loop or curl of wire to
the other; the thread which is lying in this loop is thus laid into the
barb of the needle. As the needle again rises the barb is closed by its
being brought against a fixed edge, and the needle then resembles an
ordinary straight sewing machine needle, and passes up freely through
the cloth or work, drawing up with it the loop of thread which is under
its barb; the needle then again descends; the threads of the loop which
passes up from the cloth to the needle béing at this time held out of the
way of the point of the needle by the end of a small finger which is at
this time pressed forward against the loop, and whilst the threads of
the loop are thus against the front end of the finger the needle descends
at the side of the finger, the sideway movement of the end of the needle
given to it by the crank enabling it to do so. The finger is carried by a
rod, which passes back along the arm of the machine, and is at its rear
end acted on by a cam on this end of the driving axis, the rod being
pressed towards the cam by a spring.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Emil Haas in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th May 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, EMIL
HAAS, of 16, Mark Lane; in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in

page_text: the thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Emil Haas, Her special
licence that I, the said Emil Haas, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Emil Haas, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thercafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Emil Haas, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Emil Haas, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for object improvements in sewing machines, and
the improvements relate to that class of sewing machines in which a
single thread is used. In this class of machine I employ a needle formed
with a spring beard similar to the beard of the needles of knitting
machines; the needle I also employ to effect the feeding forward of the
fabric. For this purpose the needle passes through a guiding hole in a
plate which is held at a short distance above the table or plate on which
the fabric or work rests, whilst the upper end of the needle is fixed in a
holder carried by the pin of a crank which is on the end of the driving
axis; this axis passes from end to end of the arm of the machine. The
amount of feed given to the fabric is adjusted by moving the plate
through which the needle passes towards or from the table or plate upon
which the work rests, but to this separately I lay no claim. The thread
from the reel is led through a loop or coil of wire which is fixed to the
under side of the table of the machine just at the side of the slot therein
down through which the needle passes. When the needle has passed
down through the work and through this slot its lower end is by the
movement of the crank moved sideways, which not only gives the

page_text: regulated.
is the table of the machine upon which the work rests;
this table is carried by an arm h' turning on a pin joint at h² and is
pressed up by a spring k, the strength of which can be governed, as has
heretofore commonly been the case, by turning the cam wheel / so as to
adjust the force with which the plate or table his pressed up towards
the plate g', under which the work is passed. A slot is as usual formed
in the plate g¹ and table h down through which the needle descends, and
underneath the table and at the side of the slot is the small curled
loop m into which the end of the thread from the rcel n is laid. As the
needle descends through the work it inclines in the direction shewn by
the diagram Figures 5, but when it commences to rise it inclines in the
opposite direction, as shown in the diagram Figures 6; the needle is
thus brought into such a position that when it rises the end of the
thread hanging from the loop m passes under the beard of the necḍle
and consequently the needle draws up with it a loop of the thread, so
that when commencing to work with the machine no threading of the
needle is necessary.
As the needle rises its beard comes against the
side of the slot in the table h, and thus the beard is closed as the needle
rises up through the cloth or work, and at this time it resembles an
ordinary sewing machine needle with an eye. p is the small finger
which as the needle descends is to hold aside the loop of thread
which the needle in rising has drawn up through the work to insure that
this loop shall remain upon the needle when it passes down through the
cloth or work, so that when the needle again rises the new loop of thread
which has been laid under the beard of the needle will not only be
drawn up through the work but will also be drawn through the old loop
which will then slip over the beard and so off the needle. The finger p
is carried by the rod p' which can slide endwise to and fro through holes
in projections from the arm d', and this rod is at its rear end acted on
by a cam surface p² carried by the driving wheel, and the rod is pressed
back towards this cam surface by a spring r. Just as the needle
commences to descend the rod p¹ is pressed forward by the cam surface p³,
and the forward end of the finger then comes against the threads of the
loop which pass up from the work to the needle, and as the finger moves
forward it carries the threads out of the path of the needle at the same
time preventing the loop from becoming slack. As soon as the point
of the needle has passed down at the side of the finger and has entered
the cloth or work the cam surface p³ will have passed beyond the end

page_text: of the rod p', which allows the spring to suddenly draw back the finger
out of the way of the loop of thread.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim
is,―
First. The employment of a bearded needle which also gives the
forward feed to the cloth, substantially in the manner herein described.
Second. The employment of an eye or a loop or coil of wire m into
which the thread is laid in the manner herein described.
Third. The employment of a finger, such as p, acting substantially in
the manner herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Emil Haas, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninteenth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
ЕМП ДАА. (1.5.)