A New Manufacture of soaps and Process therefor
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 24th June, 1897-Accepted, 31st July, 1897
A New Manufacture of soaps and Process therefor,
I, ADOLF JOLLES of I Schottenring No. 4, Vienna, Austria, Doctor of Philosophy,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to a new manufacture of soaps from vegetable or animal
fats or mixtures thereof wherein one of the constituents consists of asbestos or
infusorial carth (Kieselguhr) in a finely divided condition, or a mixture of one or
both of these substances in combination with other silicates, such as steatite,
meerschaum;; or fullers earth.
The improved process for the production of such soapsiconsists in first suspending
in an alkaline solution the finely. divided asbestos, infusorial earth, or the before
mentioned mixture, before its admixture with the soap compound, which is prepared
in the known manner from fats and alkaline lye, and then mixing the said silicates
in the suspended condition with the soap body during the saponification process,
and not after this has been completed.
0
This process possesses the advantage over the processes heretofore proposed for
the manufacture of soaps with the addition of inorganic substances, that in conse-
quence of the introduction of the finely divided inorganic substances in anspension
in alkaline solutions, during the process of saponification, according to my present
invention, soaps of a perfectly homogeneous composition are obtained which, in use,
do not shew any lumpy or irregular formation; by this means when using the soap
the inorganic substances in question (silicates) do not act in the manner of purely
mechanically operating coarse-grained filling material, but act directly together
with the alkaline fatty acid, in combining with dirt for its removal, so that by this
process an increased washing effect will be produced, notwithstanding that the
quantity of fatty matter necessary for ordinary soaps
diminished in this process...
The following may serve as an example of suitable mixtures of the substances to
be added to the soaps according to this invention.

page_text: The proportions above given can however be varied according to the desired
quality of the soap to be produced, without departing from the nature of the
invention; also, the one or the other ingredient can be omitted, as is already the
case in Example II as compared with I.
Also, asbestos or infusorial earth can be employed alone.
The only essential condition in the manufacture is, as above stated, that the
added substance in finely divided and very uniformly mixed condition shall be added
to the soap compound during the process of saponification, so as to form an emulsion
therewith.
In manufacturing soaps according to the above described invention, the following
process is carried out, the proportions of the ingredients being only given by way
of example, and are therefore of course liable to variation.
100 parts by weight of a vegetable or animal fat of any known kind, or of a
mixture of such fats, are slightly heated to a melting point, and into the melting
fat, is poured in a thin stream, and under continual stirring about 55 parts by
weight of a 38° soda lye. After heating this mixture for a short time, say hour,
there is added gradually the above described silicate or silicate compound, suspended
in a finely divided condition in an alkaline solution, under continual stirring. The
alkaline solution employed as carrier of the silicate may consist advantageously of
an aqueous solution of 6 parts by weight of potash, 8 parts by weight of common
salt, and 1-5 parts of borax in 100 parts by weight of water.
As soon as the whole of the material suspended in the said solution has been
added to the mixture of fat and lye, the mass is heated to a higher degree and the
stirring is continued until the soap-body has attained the proper condition, which
will be the case when a sample rubbed between the fingers feels perfectly uniform
or smooth, or when a sample spread in a thin layer upon a thin glass plate shows a
uniform structure on passing light through it, that is to say, is perfectly free from
lampy or irregular or granular appearance.
The homogeneous finished soap body is then introduced in the usual way into
wood or metal moulds, and after standing for some time, say three or four days, it
is cut up for sale or use.
The sonps produced according to the above described process are in particular
Buitable for household purposes, and on adding suitablo soap-scents of any known
kind, such as nitro-benzol, &c., they may be used as toilet soaps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I-claim is
1. Process for the manufacture of soaps consisting in mixing with a soap-body
consisting of animal or vegetable fats and alkaline lye, and during the time that
the, saponification of these substances is taking place in the usual manner,
asbestos, or infnsorial earth, or a mixture of one or both of these bodies with
silicates such as steatite meerschaum or fullers oarth, suspended in a finely divided
condition in an aqueous alkaline solution, substantially as described.
2. As a new manufacture, soaps produced according to the process set forth in
the first claim.
Datadhia 24th Joy of June 1897