Improvements in Obtaining Ohlorine or Hydrochloric Acid from Chloride of Calcium.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th June, 1887
Complete Left, 7th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
'
Improvements in Obtaining Ohlorine or Hydrochloric Acid from
Chloride of Calcium.
I, WILLIAM BRAMLEY of 18 Clarence Street, Middlesbro'-on-Tees, Yorkshire,
Analytical Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
In many manufacturing operations calcium chloride is obtained as a bye-product
which is usually run to waste. The object of this invention is to obtain as free
chlorine or hydrochloric acid the chlorine of the calcium chloride, and at the same
time to obtain the calcium as lime (mixed with the residue of the operation) for use,
in the blast furnace, in the manufacture of Iron. The present invention consists in
mixing calcium chloride with iron ore in suitable quantities and strongly heating the
mixture in a current of air, or air and water vapour. I find that good results are
obtained by mixing from 1 parts to 2 parts of iron ore with 1 part of calcium
chloride, but it will be found advantageous to increase the proportion of iron ore.
the mixture be heated in a current of dry air chlorine will be evolved, mixed with
nitrogen and any oxygen that has not been absorbed in the reaction.
If
Instead of mixing dry calcium chloride with the iron ore the latter may be added
to a very strong solution of calcium chloride so as to form a paste, which is dried at a
gentle heat and obtained in the form of balls, cakes, or bricks.
I prefer to have the iron ore in fine powder which may be obtained by sifting,
or grinding, either before or after calcination.
For the manufacture of chlorine the ore should be calcined to expel carbonic
acid.
After the mixture has been heated in the manner described, the residuum (which
will contain the lime corresponding to the calcium chloride decomposed) is used for
the manufacture of Iron whereby a saving of lime or limestone is effected. If the
reaction has not been complete the calcium chloride in the residuum may, if found
detrimental, be removed by washing.
***Dated this 8th day of June 1887.

page_text: Improvements in Obtaining Chlorine or Hydrochloric Acid from
Chloride of Calcium.
Ar....
I, WILLIAM BRAMLEY, of 18 Clarence Street, Middlesbro'-on-Tees, Analytical
Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In many manufacturing operations calcium chloride is obtained as a bye-product
which is usually run to waste. The object of this invention is to obtain as free
chlorine or hydrochloric acid the chlorine of the calcium chloride and at the same
time to obtain the calcium as hine (mixed with the residue of the operation) for use,
in the blast furnace, in the manufacture of Iron.
.
My invention consists in mixing calcium chloride with iron ore and strongly
heating the mixture in a current of air, or air and water vapour. I find that good
results are obtained by mixing from 1 parts to 2 parts of iron ore with 1 part of
calcium chloride, but it will be found advantageous to increase the proportion of
If the mixture be heated to redness in a current of dry air chlorine
will be evolved, mixed with nitrogen and any oxygen which has not been absorbed
in the reaction. If the air be damp some hydrochloric acid will be formed which
may be separated by known means.
iron ore.
Instead of mixing dry calcium chloride with the iron ore the latter niay be added
to a very strong solution of calcium chloride so as to form a paste which is dried
at a gentle heat and obtained in the form of ball, cakes, or bricks. I prefer to
have the iron ore in fine powder, which may be obtained by sifting, or grinding,
either before or after calcination. For the manufacture of chlorine the ore should
be calcined to expel carbonic acid. I recommend the fine calcined ore'obtained, by
sifting, as it is discharged from the kilns in which the ore is calcined.
...
The operation of heating and decomposing the mixture may be effected in one or
more vertical chambers heated exteriorly, into which the balls, cakes, or bricks, are
charged at the top and the residuum discharged. at the bottom. Or it may be
carried out in any known apparatus constructed for the purpose of acting upon a
red hot material by a current of gas. : .
The contents of the chamber (or chambers) should be maintained at a red heat
whilst a current of ordinary or superheated air is 'made to pass in the opposite
direction to that of the heated material. For obtaining hydrochloric acid, vapour
of water either mixed with air or the products of combustion from a furnace is
passed-through instead of air alone.
By the above treatment calcium chloride readily parts with its chlorine, either as
hydrochloric acid or as free chlorine. The iron ore prevents the fusion of the calcium
chloride:
After the mixture has been heated in the manner described, the residuum (which
will contain the lime corresponding to the calcium chloride decomposed) is used

page_text: for the manufacture of Iron whereby a saving of lime or limestone is effected
If the reaction has not been complete the calcium chloride in the residuum may
if found detrimental, be removed by washing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
The process for extracting chlorine- from calcium chloride either as hydrochloric
acid or free chlorine by mixing the calcium chloride with iron ore and subsequently
heating the mixture to a high temperature in a current of air or water vapour
(mixed with air or products of combustion) substantially as herein described.
Dated this 6th day of March 1888.
WILLIAM BRAMLEY.