Improvements in and relating to Stop Valves.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 18th Apr., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Stop Valves.
I, JAMES ROBINSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at
21 Joseph Street, Hunslet, Leeds, England, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a new or improved stop valve for steam, water,
compressed air, gas, or other fluid, and differs from ordinary stop valves in the
following manner :-
In the several forms and applications of my improved stop valve, hereinafter
described and referred to, I propose, with a view of keeping the working or moving
faces and seatings of the said valves in close contact when closed, thereby
preventing leakage, and also of preventing the evil effects of contraction
and expansion common to ordinary metallic stop valves, to construct the valve
in such a manner as will allow of a springing action taking place between the
said working faces and seatings each time the valve is operated or its temperature
varied.
Firstly, I propose to construct the valve with an annular groove or recess on
its under edge or rim, which groove will form two bevelled faces, which faces
will, when the valve is closed, come in contact with two faces of corresponding
angles formed on a V-shaped annular ridge cast with or attached to the valve
body, and surrounding the way or opening in the said valve body, between the two
bevelled faces formed in the valve. I propose to make a deep, narrow annular
groove; the object of this groove is to allow the bevelled faces formed in the
valve to spring slightly apart, thereby gripping the bevelled faces formed on the
valve body and ensuring a close contact being maintained with the said faces each
time the valve is closed or its temperature altered after the valve is closed. The
gripping or, springing action of the valve herein before referred to will allow of
the faces or parts in contact of both the valve and body being burnished and
cleaned each time the valve is rotated on its seating.
Secondly, I propose to form the valve with two bevelled faces, as hereinbefore
described and referred to, and having the same objects in view, by building up the
valve with two cup or bell-shaped castings fitting into each other in such a manner
as to form the two bevelled faces and the deep narrow annular groove between the
said faces, and herein before referred to; the said cup or bell shaped parts being
connected together by screwing or other suitable means.
Thirdly, I propose to construct the valve body with a V-shaped annular groove,
which groove will surround the way or opening in the said valve body, and form
two bevelled faces, the valve being constructed with two corresponding bevelled
faces on its under edge or rim; between the two bevelled faces formed on the
valve I propose to form a deep narrow annular groove which will admit of the said
faces springing slightly together each time the valve is closed by being forced into
its V-shaped groove formed in the valve body, or the temperature altered after the
valve is closed. This springing inward action of, the valve faces will allow the
same burnishing and cleaning of the faces to take place as hereinbefore described,
each time the valve is rotated on its seating.
Fourthly, I propose to form an annular groove around the way or opening in the
valve body, which groove will form two bevelled faces having a deep narrow
annular groove between the said bevelled faces, which faces will come into contact
with two faces of corresponding angles formed on a V-shaped ridge or rim on the
under side of the valve each time the said V-shaped ridge is forced between the

page_text: faces on the valve body; on the valve being closed, the same springing, contracting,
expanding, burnishing and cleaning action, as herein before described and referred
to, will take place each time the valve is operated and rotated on its seating, or its
temperature altered when the valve is shut.
Fifthly, I propose to construct the valve of a cup or bell-shaped form, and of
such a diameter as will admit of its rim or outside edge pressing outward by
springing action against a cylindrical chamber formed around the way or opening
in the valve body, and with a view of augmenting the outward pressure of the rim
of the cup or bell shaped valve against the walls of the cylindrical chamber when
the valve is closed. I propose to form an angular or bevelled face on the inside
edge of the said cup or bell shaped valve, which face will come into contact with a
corresponding angular or bevelled face or seating formed at or near the bottom of
the cylindrical chamber on the valve body. This cylindrical chamber may be
continued upward sufficiently far to receive the valve head or cover, a port or
opening in the side of the cylinder will act as the way or inlet which inlet or port
nay be opened by moving the bell shaped valve past the said port. The cup or
bell shaped valve will, by being a tight fit in the cylindrical chamber, prevent any
upward leakage, thereby rendering the use of a stuffing box around the valve
spindle or stem unnecessary.
For many purposes, especially where the pressure under which the valve is
working is comparatively low, or when the said pressure is comparatively high, I
propose to employ a second cup or bell shaped casting, formed with or attached to
the valve stem immediately above the valve, with a view of acting as a further
preventive against leakage around the valve stem. In this form of my improved
stop valve, where the ordinary stuffing box is dispensed with, I propose to attach
the valve stem or spindle direct to the cap or cover, the cap or cover being formed
with a downward cylindrical projection, which projection is provided with a female
or internal screw thread of sufficient diameter to correspond and work on a male or
external screw thread formed on the outside of the top part of the cylindrical chamber
wherein the valve is arranged to work, as hereinbefore described. The top flange
of the cap or head is formed with a milled edge to facilitate the rotating of the
said cap or head by hand, thereby operating the valve within the cylindrical
chamber and acting after the manner of the ordinary hand wheels now in use on
stop valves.
When my improved stop valves are of a comparatively small diameter, I propose
to place a loose ball or sphere in a chamber or pocket directly below the way or
opening in the valve body, which ball or sphere will, when the valve body is
inverted by being partially turned on the pipes or vessel to which the said valve is
attached, drop into the way or opening, and prevent any material escape of the
contents of the pipe or vessel to which the valve is attached, even when the said
valve is open. The valve may then be removed from the valve body for inspection,
repairs or renewal.
My improved stop valve, as herein before described and referred to, may be
operated by the usual hand wheel, lever or handle connected to the valve stem,
which stem may pass through a stuffing box in the ordinary manner.
In the drawings-
Figure 1 represents a vertical section through a valve, showing one form of the
device.
Figure 2 shows a similar section taken through a smaller portion of the valve,
showing a modification.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 show similar views of other modifications.
Figure 6 shows a similar view as Figure 1, of another modification.
In these drawings the letter A represents any ordinary construction of valve,
except in so far as it has the invention to be described. The valve seat a of this
valve is made conical in cross-section, as clearly shown in Figure 1. The meeting
edge c of the valve C bas the conical depression cl adapted to fit over the conical
valve seat a. Extending up into the valve C, and communicating with the

page_text: depression is the annular groove c². This groove ³ and the depression c¹. thus
divide the valve C into two concentric annuli D and D. These annuli D and D¹
have the lips & and d'.
When the valve C is turned down the depression o¹ comes over the valve seat a
so that the lips d and d¹ come upon opposite sides of the valve seat a, as clearly
shown in Figure 1.
It will be seen that as the valve C is turned down upon its seat a the shape of
this seat and of the depression c tends to spread the lips d and d' apart, the
groove permitting such spreading. This of course, develops the elasticity
inherent in the metal of which the valve C is composed. The resilient reaction of
the annuli D and D' cause the lips d and d¹ to be forced tightly against the
valve seat a. This forms a closely fitting joint where the two parts meet together,
the resiliency of the valve causing it to hold firmly on its seat. At the same time,
as it will be perceived, it only requires a very slight force to turn the valve C so
as to withdraw it from its seat a. The conical shape of the joint between these
two parts is of such a nature that the lips d and d¹ are forced against the seat a so
as to develop the elasticity in the valve C, and yet at the same time permit of its
being readily withdrawn.
In Figure 2 is shown the converse construction to that shown in Figure 1.- In
Figure 2 the valve seat a has a groove a' corresponding to the groove in the
form shown in Figure 1. In the form shown in Figure 2 there is a double
elasticity of the parts, in that the valve seat has the groove a' which permits the
edge of the seat to be compressed together, and develop the elasticity in such edge,
and at the same time the valve C has the conical depression c¹ fitting over the
valve seat a so that the sides of the conical depression care forced apart and
elasticity thereby developed in the valve C.
In Figure 3 is shown a still further modification. In this form while the
groove is in the valve C, as in Figure 1, the conical depression a' is in the
valve seat a, thereby making the form shown in this Figure 3 the reverse of
the form shown in Figure 2. The operation of the parts shown in Figure 3 is
precisely like the operation of the parts shown in Figure 2.
In Figures 4 and 5 are shown still further modifications. In these forms the
grooves a¹ and are both found, so that both the valve seat a and the valve C
have two concentric annuli. The difference between the two forms Figures 4
and 5, consists in the location of the conical depression, as shown. In both these
forms of course greater elasticity is developed than in the other forms when the
parts are forced together.
In Figure 6 is shown a still further modification. In this form the valve seat a*
is made cone-shaped, but with the conical surface only on the outside, having
a straight edge on the inside of the edge of the passageway or bore through the
seat.
The valve C has a conical edge c adapted to the seat a', this edge e fitting
down within a recess a. This head C is made with an upper extension which
flares outwardly from the valve stem and is made cup-shaped, as shown. This
upper extension bears resiliently against the bore c of the valve body.
In the form shown in Figure 6, when the
its edge c is within the recess as, this edge e
as to develop the elasticity in such seat, and
seat as against the edge c forming a tight joint.
bears resiliently against the edge of the bore c
down.
valve C is turned down so that
bears against the valve seat a so
the resilient reaction presses the
At the same time the extension c
and assists in holding the valve
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is :-
1. A valve having an elastic or spring joint where the two parts meet, the
elasticity or springiness being in one of the meeting parts, or in both, as set forth.

page_text: 2. A valve having one of its two meeting parts conical, as set forth.
3. A valve having one of its meeting parts conical and the other provided with
a conical recess to fit the other part, as set forth.
4. A valve having one of its meeting parts conical, the other provided with a
--conical recess to fit the other part, and one part having a groove, as set forth.
Dated this 4th day of February 1896.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.