IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING BY GAS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Anthony Gapper Southby, of 3, New Inn, Strand,.
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
COOKING BY GAS."
Sealed the 20th January 1871, and dated the 28th July 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Anthony Gapper Southby
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 28th July 1870.
I, ANTHONY GAPPER SOUTHBY, of 3, New Inn, Strand, London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR COOKING BY GAS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in using for the purpose of roasting or
broiling meat, a vessel or bell of metal, earthenware, or glass, the only.
opening or openings in which for the purpose of ventilation are at or
near the bottom, except if desired a door or doors, or a cover for the
purpose of introducing or inspecting the meat and which is or are to be
closed as tightly as convenient..
1

page_text: The meat to be cooked may be hung on a hook or laid on a gridiron,
or any way supported over a dripping pan, so that the lowest part of the
meat may be well above the opening or openings.
.
I apply the heat by one or a small number of gas jets close to one or
more of the sides of the vessel, and so that it or they are not immediately
under any part of the meat. The bottom of the flame, if open to the
vessel, to be about the same level as the top of the opening or openings,
or if enclosed in a chimney it or they may be placed at a greater distance,
but in all cases so that the heat may rise immediately to the top of the
vessel displacing by its greater heat a corresponding amount of the
vapours contained in the vessel so that they find their exit at the opening
or openings at or near the bottom. The jet or jets may be of any form
producing good combustion and be admitted at any convenient angle,
but I especially use the Bunsen burner or one of the burners in which
the gas is mixed with air before ignition.
.
I sometimes partially or wholely enclose the vessel in an outer casc,
descending below the opening or openings, so that the hot vapours
coming from it or them may circulate between the vessel and outer case
and prevent loss of heat.
I sometimes extend this case preferably sideways, so as if desired to
contain an oven, or the top to be a hot plate, or by a hole or holes on the
top to boil or fry, or any combination of these, in each case using the
waste heat, which may be supplimented by other gas jets, and the spent
vapours may be conducted to the chimney of the apartment or elsewhere
by a flue preferably entering the outer case a little way from the top.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Anthony Gapper Southby in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th January 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANTHONY
GAPPER SOUTHBY, of Three, New Inn, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, 3
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-fourth

page_text: ·
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, Her special licence
that I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, or my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby,
or my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING BY GAS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, or my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My improvements consist in using for the purpose of roasting or
broiling meat a vessel or bell of metal, earthenware, or glass, the only
opening or openings in which for the purposes of ventilation are at or
near the bottom, except if desired a door or doors, or a cover for the
purpose of introducing or inspecting the meat, and which is or are to be
closed as tightly as convenient.
The meat to be cooked may be hung on a hook or laid on a gridiron,
or any way supported over a dripping pan, so that the lowest part of the
meat may be well above the opening or openings.
I apply the heat by one or a small number of gas jets close to one or.
more of the sides, but not completely round the vessel, so that the jet or
jets are not immediately under any part of the meat. The jet or jets, if
open to the vessel, may be allowed to burn above the level of the opening
or openings, when using an air burner well supplied with air and in
which the form of the flame is short other burners must be so disposed
that the flame shall not rise above. the opening or openings.
The jet or,
jets if burnt in a chimney may by using an air burner be entirely above

page_text: the opening or openings, with other burners the flames should be at least
partially below, in any case not rising above the top of the chimney.
The object being in every instance that the heated air shall rise
immediately to the top of the vessel and displace by its greater heat and
consequent lightness a corresponding bulk of air, which with the vapours
from the cooking meat find their exit at the opening or openings at or
near the bottom of the vessel.
I sometimes partially or wholly enclose the vessel in an outer case,
which may descend below the opening or openings, so that the hot air
and vapours coming from it or them may circulate between the vessel
and the outer case and prevent loss of heat, but if the exit of the spent
vapours from the outer case is below the level of the opening or openings
in the vessel, the position of the jet or jets must be proportionally
lower.
I sometimes extend this case preferably sideways so as if desired it
may contain an oven, or the top to be a hot plate, or by a hole or holes'
on the top to boil or fry, or any combination of these arrangements of the
stove, thereby using the waste heat, which may be supplimented by other
gas jets, and the spent vapours may be conducted to the chimney or
elsewhere by a flue taken from the apparatus below the level of all
parts to be heated.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I append Drawings of
some of the ways of carrying out the same. The analogous parts in all
the Figures are indicated by the same letters.
No. 1. The bell, vessel, or cover A resembles a deep dish cover and
rests on a dripping pan B in such a way that the waste vapours may
freely escape under the edge of the cover at the open spaces C. The
burner D is enclosed in the chimney E, which must be sufficiently wide
each way to prevent the impinging of the flame against its sides, and of
such hight that the flame will not rise above the top, and long enough
below the dripping pan to allow the burner to be fixed to it, so that the
flame shall be below the edge of the cover. The air is admitted through
the piercings at the bottom of the sides of the chimney, and to mittigate
the effects of external draughts on the flame a pierced diaphragm
between the chimney piercings and the flame is advisable. The chimney
with burner is shown fixed to a light iron frame which is to support the
dripping pan, but is not attached to it.

page_text: No. 2 is a vessel like a box A with a door at its side for admitting
and inspecting the meat, made to fit as tightly as convenient, especially at
the top and sides. The openings for ventilation are at C and the
chimney containing the gas burner is marked E, to all of which the same
observations apply as in No. 1.
No. 3 is a vessel A like a box similar to No. 2 covered on its ends, side,
and top by an outer case F, which is continued endways to contain an
oven or hot closet G, and a supplimentary gas burner and chimney H
with a hole over it for boiling or frying, the rest of the top to be used as
a hot plate, the waste vapours escaping to the chimney of the appartment
through the flue I.
No. 4 is very similar to No. 2, but with the door fitted as a drawer;
a hole is shown on the top to admit a saucepan, which must fit tightly;
K, represents the gridiron.
No. 5 resembles No. 1 and is adapted to be made in pottery, the heated
air and vapours pass through the aperture L in the dripping pan and
escape at the ventilating opening C.
In the Drawings I have shown fish-tail or bats-wing jets burning in
chimneys which I generally find most convenient, but air or other
burners producing good combustion may be substituted with or without
chimnies by following the directions in my general Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said Anthony Gapper Southby have here.
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.