IMPROVE. MENTS IN LUBRICATING CERTAIN PORTIONS OF MACHINERY
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in
the County of Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of
Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN LUBRICATING CERTAIN PORTIONS OF MACHINERY."-A commu-
nication from abroad by Michael Bonière, the younger, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, Manufacturer.
Sealed the 27th October 1859, and dated the 18th May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th May 1859.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING CERTAIN PORTIONS OF MACHINERY," a commu-
nication from abroad by 'Michael Bonière, the younger, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved system or mode of lubricating the
journals of rotatory shafting or spindles, and is based upon the attraction
produced by the rapid rotation of the journal, the rotation producing a
vacuum in the lower end of a tube, which is connected with a reservoir
containing the lubricant, and is in communication with the journal to be
[Price 8d.]

page_text: Inbricated. The reservoir is covered with an air-tight lid, and the lower end
of the tube is fitted with a perforated disc, the number of perforations being
regulated according to the speed of the journal.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 18th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex, and
of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Henry Johnson, Her special liceuse that I, the said John
Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM
PROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING CERTAIN PORTIONS OF MACHINERY," a communication
from abroad by Michael Bonière, the younger, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
Manufacturer, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Henry
Johnson, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months uext and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to an improved system or mode of and apparatus
for lubricating the journals of rotatory shafting or spindles, and is based upon

page_text: the attraction produced by the rapid rotation of a journal, the rotation
producing a vacuum in the lower end of a tube, which is connected with a
reservoir containing the lubricant, and is in communication also with the
journal to be lubricated. The reservoir is covered with an air-tight lid, and
the lower end of the tube is fitted with a perforated disc, the number of
perforations being regulated according to the speed of rotation of the journal.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of the annexed Sheet of Drawings represents in external elevation
the application of the improved lubricating apparatus to an ordinary plummer
block; and Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same.
The oil cup A,
closed by a hinged or other lid or cover to exclude the air, is terminated by a
tube a, which passes through the cap of the plummer block, and through the
upper brass, and rests freely upon the journal to be lubricated. This tube a
is terminated by a metal disc, perforated with small holes b, the number of
which varies according to the speed of rotation of the journal. The external
atmosphere being excluded, the oil will be held suspended, but on the rotation
of the journal a sucking action is produced, which carries the oil to pass
through the small perforations b in the end of the tube a. The forms of the
oil cups may obviously be varied to suit the different pieces of mechanism'to
which they may be applied. The other Figures on the Sheet of Drawings
represcut important modifications of my apparatus, tending to augment the
effect of the suction produced in the tube of the oil cup by the speed of
rotation of the journal.
Figure 3 represents a modified form of the lubricator also applied to an
ordinary plumraer block.
Figure 4 represents another arrangement, cousisting of additional self-acting
mechanism for exerting a certain amount of pressure upon the surface of the
oil in the cup.
Figure 5 represents a plan view of the top of the cover or lid of the
apparatus last referred to in Figure 4, the internal rod or spindle being shewn
in horizontal section.
It will be observed on referring to Figure 3 that the cup or oil reservoir A,
which is here considerably reduced in diameter, in place of resting upon the
B of the plummer block, takes the place of the small tube which formed
its lower prolongation, that is to say, the cup itself penetrates through the
cap

page_text: upper brass D, and descends as far as the top of the journal upon which it
rests, the bottom of the cup being inade to correspond to the cylindrical form
of the journal, and perforated with holes b, b, which replace those in the disc
referred to in the first arrangement. In order still further to add to the
lubrication thus established, to replace the cover or lid of the cup A by a
washer or packing ring a (Figure 5) composed of caoutchouc, leather, or other
suitable material, through which is passed the lower tubular portion of the
additional cup or reservoir A¹, containing the oil. This receptacle is provided
with a screw-threaded lid or with a hinged cover, which is traversed by the
rod c of a piston E, the object of which is to exert a regular and constant
pressure upon the oil, and so force it through the perforations b, b. With
this object the piston rod is surrounded by a helical spring d, which presses at
one end upon the piston, and at the other against the cover of the cup A¹.
When a fresh supply of oil is to be introduced, the piston is raised by its rod c
until the pin e,passed transversely through it, is above the lid, which latter has
a rectangular slot or opening e¹ formed therein; by then turning the rod
partly round, the pin e will rest upon and be supported by the cover, thereby
keeping the spring compressed and the piston elevated, so as to allow of the
lid of the cup A¹ being removed or opened, and the oil introduced. The
rod c further serves the purpose of an indicator to shew the amount of oil in
the cup and the quantity consumed in a given time.
Figure 6 represents a sectional view of another modification, consisting of
the employment of a rod or spindle placed loosely in the tube of the lubricator,
and acts as an agitator for the oil,and a regulator of the supply to the journal,
the rotation of the latter causing the rod to vibrate or oscillate to and fro
within the tube of the reservoir. The oil cup is fixed as usual to the cap of
the plummer block, the rod a in the interior thereof resting upon the journal,
and oscillating at the point a¹. The lower end of this rod is formed into an
expanded foot, which is moved by the rotation of the journal, and imparts a
vibratory motion to the rod from side to side of the tube, thereby having the
effect of dividing and distributing the oil first on one side and then on the
other, so as to lubricate the journal effectually. This rod a may be suspended
in any suitable manner, and may be made in various forms and of various
materials.
It is further proposed to assist the iubrication of working parts of machinery
by the application of glycerine to that purpose, which may be used either
alone or in combination with oils or fatty matters in a more or less liquid
state, and applied to the parts to be lubricated either by the peculiar
apparatus herein-before described, or by ordinary lubricators in common use.

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the general constructions and arrangements of apparatus for effecting
the lubrication of journals, as herein-before described.
Second, the system or mode of lubricating journals wherein the lubricantis
drawn or sucked down on to the journal by the attraction produced by the
rotation of such journal, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have hereunto
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of November, One thousands
eight hundred and fifty-nine.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)