Improvements in Devices for Heating and Lighting Apartments.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Devices for Heating and Lighting Apartments.
I, PETER FRASER, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at East
Whitman, in the County of Plymouth, State of Massachusetts, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention aud in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention has for its object to provide primarily a heating device which
shall be capable of utilizing in the most efficient manner all of the heating derived
from the flame of a burner, be it coal oil or gas to heat a body of air and
distribute the air so heated through the apartment, a further object being to
provide a convenient arrangement of devices, whereby the elevation of the heater
and burner may be changed at pleasure.
The invention consists in certain novel details of construction and combinations
and arrangements of parts to be hereinafter described and pointed out particularly
in the appended claims.
The accompanying drawing represents in section a heater, together with a
burner attachinent embodying my present invention, certain of the parts and the
supporting mechanism being shown in elevation.
The letter A indicates a burner such as a coal oil lamp which gives a good
strong flame, preferably the Argand type or a gas burner of similar character.
This burner is supported on the lower end of a slide carriage or frame B which at
the upper end carries the heating mechanism to be presently described.
The carriage or frame B is mounted to slide on a vertically arranged bracket or
way C, which may be secured to the wall or other support at top and bottom as
shown, and to facilitate the adjustment of the frame or carriage on its bracket or
way, a counterweight D sliding in a boxing D' and connected to the carriage by
a flexible connector d passing over a pulley d is provided. The counterweight
balances approximately the weight of the heating device and burner and in order
to hold the carriage in its adjusted position, should a slight excess of weight lie on
one side or the other, occasioned for instance by the consumption of oil, I provide
a spring E having its ends passed beneath movable yokes E extending around the
bracket or way and attached to the carriage or frame B by bolts or pins e at top
and bottom. The center of this spring bears against the carriage and forces the
latter into frictional contact with the bracket or way and this friction is sufficient
to prevent any accidental movement of the devices, although it permits of their
adjustment when desired.
The heating mechanism proper consists essentially first of a relatively long
narrow dome or chamber suspended directly over the burner chimney, preferably
with its lower edge below the top of said chimney and in position to receive all of
the products, heated air, gaseous products, etc., passing out of the chimney and
at the top of this dome or bell, which I shall hereinafter term the radiator F, is
preferably provided with small perforations to allow the products to escape and
insure a circulation and change of air within the radiator. This radiator is
preferably suspended on a central pivot at the top, and it will be particularly
observed that this radiator is of relatively small diameter and great length, thus
the highly heated products entering the same pass rapidly up and heat the whole
of the radiator walls to a very high degree, thereby providing a radiating surface

page_text: of comparatively large area, and with a view to further increasing the efficiency of
the radiator it is preferably constructed of copper, which material transmits the
heat from the interior column of heated air or products to the exterior of the
radiator with very great facility.
Outside of the radiator and entirely surrounding the same is a hot air conductor G
having a flaring or bell mouth G' at the lower end and terminating at the top in a
hood G2 beneath which hood are formed a series of exit openings g for the escape
of hot air passing up through the conductor. The bell mouth of the conductor
catches all of the hot air passing up around the burner proper and all of the
products escaping from the radiator either at the bottom or top and thus united with
a large body of air flowing rapidly up through the conductor and being heated to a
bigh degree by the radiator furnish a very large volume of hot air to the apartment.
This heated air may be allowed to flow out naturally if desired, but I prefer to
dissipate it laterally by means of a fan wheel H arranged vertically or on a
horizontal axis opposite a lateral opening h. This fan is driven through a pair of
beveled gears I from a horizontally arranged motor wheel K, located in the
conductor immediately above the radiator and in position to be driven by the
ascending column of heated air.
In the preferred construction the fan mechanism is preferably mounted in an
independent section G* of the conductor G, thus it may be removed in its entirety
and the hood G2 fitted down directly on the conductor."
As before stated the radiator is preferably suspended from a single pivot at the
top which in turn may be supported from a cross bar such as m and at the bottom
the radiator is held against excessive vibration by means of a series of springs, such
as M, which springs also serve to center the radiator over the burner under all
conditions of use and at the same time permit of a certain degree of flexibility or
yielding, which is desirable in order to permit of the device being handled and
of the radiator maintaining its true vertical position so as to secure the greatest
efficiency.
The burner being located beneath the level of the conductor and radiator is left
exposed and may be utilized as an ordinary gas or lamp burner for lighting
apartments and in addition the flaring mouth G¹ and bottom of the radiator may be
made in the form of reflectors which will intensify the light thrown down from the
burner to a certain degree, thus with the combination shown not only is the heating
effect of the burner vastly increased, but the light is also properly directed so as to
be capable of utilization to the greatest advantage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a device such as described, the combination with the burner, its chimney,
and the substantially cylindrical hot air conductor having the flaring mouth at
the bottom and a discharge opening at the top, of the long approximately
cylindrical radiator suspended concentrically within the conductor with its lower
end at the top of the chimney, means for positioning the lower end at the top of
the chimney, means for positioning the lower end of the radiator and independent
supports for the burner and conductor; substantially as described.
2. In a device of the character described, the combination with the burner, its
chimney-and the relatively long narrow radiator suspended over the chimney in
position to receive the heated products passing therefrom of the flaring mouth
conductor surrounding the radiator with its walls parallel therewith and springs
for preventing the excessive swinging of the radiator within the conductor;
substantially as described.
3. In a device of the character described, the combination with the burner, the
relatively long narrow radiator suspended above the same in position to receive
the heated products from the burner, the flaring mouth conductor surrounding the
radiator, the horizontally arranged fan in the upper end of said conductor and the

page_text: vertically arranged fan driven by the horizontal fan for dissipating the heated air
passing through the conductors; substantially as described.
4. In a device of the character described, the combination with the vertical
bracket or way of the carriage sliding thereon, the friction brake for holding said
carriage in adjusted position, the vertically arranged radiator and conductor
mounted on the carriage and the counterweight for balancing the weight of said
parts; substantially as described.
5. In a device of the character described, the combination with the vertically
arranged bracket or way, the carriage sliding thereon, the friction brake for
holding the carriage in adjusted position and the counterweight of the burner
mounted on the lower end of the carriage and the radiator and flaring mouth conductor
mounted on the upper end of the carriage whereby the level of the heater and
burner may be simultaneously altered; substantially as described.
Dated this 11th day of February 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.