CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1830

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JonN
HARVEY SADLER, of Praed Street, Paddington, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth
did, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the First day of July, in the year of our Lord Onc
thousand eight hundred and thirty, in the first year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said John Harvey Sadler, His especial licence; that I, the said
John Harvey Sadler, my executors, administrators; and assigns, and such others
as I, the said John Harvey Sadler, my exors, adñññors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might, make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the. Town of Berwick-.
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that. I, the said John Harvey Sadler, shall
cause à particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately,
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large.appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that, in compliance with the said proviso, I; the said
John Harvey Sadler, do hereby declare. that. the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particular described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the following
description thereof (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in improvements whereby the proper actions or

page_text: motions are given to the various parts of looms; and these improvements are
so adapted that two looms with my improvements applied thereto may be
worked and attended by one person.
I will here observe, that the looms to which my improvements are to be
applied consist of the various parts common to looms, that is, a warp beam to
contain the warp threads, a breast beam, a roll to wind on the fabric as it is
woven, heddles or harness to open the shed of the warp, and a batten or lay,
with the usual reed for striking up the shoot as it is made by the usual shuttle
passing through the shed; to all which I lay no claim as forming any part of
my Invention; but what I claim are, the parts hereafter to be described for
working the various parts of the loom.
I will now proceed to describe the various parts represented in the Drawings,
in doing which I shall merely refer to those parts already named by letters
marked thereon; they being well known and understood, will. not require
describing more fully. In the Drawings annexed the said letters of reference
indicate similar parts in all the Figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS MARKED A, WHEREIN IN THE FIRST PART
OF MY INVENTION IS SHOWN.
Figure 1 is a side view of two looms to be worked by one person, by means;
of what I call a pendulum lever, the action of which, together with the various
parts connected thereto, will be more fully described hereafter; Figure 2 is a
front view of one of these looms; and Figure 3 is a plan of the two looms.
A, the framing, which is represented as being of cast iron, but it may be made.
of wood and iron combined; B is the warp beam, weighted in the usual
manner; C, the breast beam; D, the roll on which is wound the fabric as it
is woven; E, the lay or batten, with the usual shuttle box and reed; F, the
harness or heddles for opening the shed for the shuttle to pass through; all
these parts are common to looms in general, and consequently I lay no claim
to them, they forming. no part of my Invention. I will not therefore proceed.
to describe the improvements which I have invented for the working those
parts already known. G is a weighted pendulum, lever, by the oscillation of
which and the intervention of other parts connected thereto, motion is given to
the various parts of the looms (that is to say), the shed is opened, the shuttle
thrown, and the fabric wound on to the roll D; H is a bar which receives
motion from the pendulum lever, and communicates it to the looms; I, J, are
segments of a circle (serving as drums or riggers) fixed to the bar H; M, N,
and O, P, are four straps or cords attached to the segments I, J, for the
purpose of working the shed openers or apparatus for opening or dividing the

page_text: warp threads for the passage of the shuttle, which will be hereafter more fully
described; R are rollers or pulleys mounted on bearings affixed to the cross head
of the looms S; over these rollers or pulleys, the straps or cords M, N, O, P,
pass, as is shewn in the Drawings; T, bearings, also fixed to the part S of the
framework, and on these bearings T the bar H is placed, and is retained in
brass bearings U; V is the shuttle stick, with the usual cords a, a, attached
to the pickers b, b. The shuttle stick V is suspended or swings on a point or
axis at W (see Fig. 2); this shuttle stick differs from those usually applied;
and consists.of the stick V having the cross top X fixed as represented in the
Drawing, and clearly shown in Figure 2; this cross top X has a mortice or
groove cut in the under side to admit the parts Y and Z, which parts are
hinged or jointed by pins or bolts, which pins pass through the cross top X and
the extending pieces Y, Z. To the ends of these extending pieces the springs
d, e, are affixed, and these springs d, e, are also fixed to the cross pieces or
arms f projecting from the bar H; g is a sliding frame, which is permitted to
slide up and down by means of a gap or slit h, having a square pin i to retain
it in its place, which pin i has a projecting head to prevent the frame g froni
moving otherwise than perpendicularly. To the bottom of this sliding frame ģ
is a stud j, and near the top of the shuttle stick there is a stud k, and these
studs coming in contact with each other prevent the shuttle stick being acted
upon by the springs d, e, till the stud j on the sliding frame is withdrawn, as
will be fully explained when I come to describe the actions of the various parts
'when the looms are set to work. Figure 4 shows the pendulum lever drawn
separately, for the more clearly representing the various parts connected there-
with; 7 is the axis or point of suspension; m, n, are two pronged projections;
o, p, are two rods which connect the ends m, n, of the pendulum lever g to the
arms q, r; these arms q, r, are keyed or otherwise fixed to the bar II, and at
the other ends of these arms are balls, which are cast or fixed on them. By
this part of my Invention I am enabled to give to the bar H any quantity of
a circular motion; for instance, as shewn in the Drawing, the bar H is made
to turn about a quarter of a revolution, whilst the pendulum levers from which
it receives its motion makes much less than that quantity of a revolution, but
which will vary according to the distance the connecting rodd o, p, are attached
from the centre H on the arms q, r. These balls also act as a counterbalancė
to the ball placed at the lower end of the pendulum lever G, so that 'the ball
on the arm q is acting as a counterbalance, whilst that on the arm r, b, brought
perpendicularly is out of action; when the pendulum lever has been forced
forward into the position shewn in this Figure, the weight on the arm 2 will
prevent its return, and when the pendulum lever is drawn to the position

page_text: shown by dotted lines, the weight on the arm ġ will be out of action, and tho
weight on the arm will be a counterbalance, and will prevent the pendulum
lever falling from the position till it is again forced forward by the workmau
to the position shewn in the Drawing. Figure 5 shows part of the front of
the loom, with the breast beam, the winding-on roll, the batten, and some
other parts removed, for the purpose of more clearly showing and explaining
the manner in which the straps or cords M, N, and O, P, are connected to
the segments of a circle I, J, and also how they are affixed to the shed
openers hereafter described, which are affixed to the harness or heddles for
opening the shed for the passage of the shuttle.
I will now describe the apparatus which I call the shed openers; t, the shed
openers; and s, the counter shed openers, to which the harness or heddles are
tied, but these parts differ in their construction to the meshes and counter
meshes heretofore used for dividing the warp for the passage of the shuttle;
those (the meshes) consisting of a series of straight levers acting on an axis
passing through each, and for every two sets of harness four of these levers are
required, that is, two at top, at bottom, that is, two meshes and two counter
meshes. When constructed according to my Invention only two levers at top
and two at bottom are required for any of the usual numbers of harness or
heddles; those shown in Figure 6 are for eight sets of harness, where by much
time and trouble are saved in the tying up of the harness. My improvements
in this part of the apparatus, which I call the shed openers, is represented in
Figure 6, wherein they are shewn on a larger scale than the other parts of
the Drawing, for the purpose of more clearly explaining their construction.
But first of the counter shed openers s, which consist of a frame 2, set within
another frame v, having a common axis w on which they swing; and it will be
seen that the ends of each of the frames are so formed that the strings
which tie up the harness are kept at equal distances and in a straight line to
each other, in consequence of the holes to which the harness are tied being
drilled on each. of the convexities, which in the inner frame is indicated by the
letter y, and those of the outer frame by the letter z. I will now describe
the shed openers t, which also consist of two parts, but in this case they arė
two levers having projecting pieces 1, 2, 3, and 4, which are affixed to the
parts t, and formed in a similar manner to the ends already described.
The Drawing represents my improved shed 'openers capable fof. working eight
sets of harness, that is, four up and four down. The straps or cords M, N,
and O, P, are connected to the ends 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the shed openers t, as
is clearly shown in this Figure.
will now describe the means of winding on the cloth as it is made. In

page_text: t
Figures 1, 2, and 3, 9 is a ratchet wheel fixed on an axis 10, on which axis
there is an endless screw 11, taking into a toothed wheel 12, placed on the
axis of the winding-on roller. On the axis 10 there is a circular plate of
metal 13, which is permitted to turn; on this circular plate a click 14 is
hinged, which, click 14, pressed down into the teeth of the ratchet wheel 9 by a
spring, also fixed to the circular plate; fixed arms 15 and 16 project from the
circular plate 13, that at 15, being connected to a spring 17, and that at 16
being connected to the shed openers by the strings 18, 18, so that it will be
evident that at every depression of either of the shed openers t; the arm. 16
will be depressed, carrying round with it the circular plate 13, and thus raise
the-arm 15, and extend the spring 17; the click 14 will also be carried round
with the circular plate 13, and will be pressed into a further tooth of the
ratchet wheel, so that when the circular plate 13 is released by the rising of
the shed openers & which has depressed it, the spring 17 will collapse and
draw back the circular plate 13, and in consequence of the click 14 having
taken into a tooth on the ratchet wheel 9, will cause it to turn and with it the
axis 10, and the endless screw 11, which taking into the toothed wheel 12, fixed
to the axis of the roll D, will cause it to turn, and this roll will wind up the
fabric as it is woven. In Figure 1 it will be seen that there is a wheel fixed
on the axis 10, and a spring is fixed to the framing A, this spring is caused
to press on the circumferance of the wheel, and thus produce a friction thereon.
which prevents the turning of the axis 10 by the binding of the plate 13 on
the axis 10, at the time of its being drawn round when depressing the arm 16.
In order to regulate the quantity of shoots in a given space of the fabric, it
will be necessary for the worker of the loom to lengthen or shorten either the
string which connects the arm 15 and the spring 17, or the cords 18, 18,
whereby the circular plate will be drawn round a more or less distance, and
the click 14 will take up a greater or less number of teeth of the ratchet
wheel 9, whereby the toothed wheel 12 will revolve at a quicker or slower
speed.
Having now described the various parts which constitute the first part of
my improvements in looms, I will proceed to explain the manner in which
they act, and this I will do by tracing the motion from the pendulum lever G,
to which the power is applied. The workman, by means of the handle K,
causes the pendulum G to swing or oscillate, and, as already described, at each
backward and forward motion of the pendulum lever, the bar H. is turned
with it, making nearly a quarter of a circle. The sedgments I and J, being
fixed to this bar II, are consequently turned with it, and making a similar
length of motion, and by this means the straps or cords M, N, and O, P, are

page_text: .
alternately raised and lowered, (that is to say,) in Figure 2 and 5 the straps
M and P are lowered, and the straps N and O are raised, but on the return
swing of the pendulum the reverse will be the case. The straps or cords
M, N,.and O, P, passing over their respective rollers or pulleys R, descend to
further rollers L (see Figure 5), turning on pivots or axis fixed on each side
of the framework. The straps M and N on one side of the loom are made to
take one turn in opposite directions around the roller L, and are then made
fast, so that when the segments I and J are made to turn backwards and
forwards, the straps or cords M and N will be alternately raised and lowered;
and in consequence of the manner already described of fixing these straps to
the roller L, this roller will be made to turn round first in one direction and
then back in the other direction; the other straps O and P on the other side
of the loom pass over the rollers or pulleys R, and descend and are affixed
the roller L on that side of the loom in a similar manner, and thus making
the two rollers L to turn in the same direction; and from these two rollers L,
four more straps or cords 19, 20, and 21, 22, descend and are fixed to the
shed openers t; these straps 19 and 20 are fixed to the same roller L as the
straps M and N are, and these straps or cords 19, 20, are also caused to take
a turn in opposite ways around the roller L, so that when this roller is caused
to turn in cither direction, one of the straps 19, 20, will be wound on, whilst
the other will be unwound off the roller, by which means the shed openers
will be alternately raised and depressed, and the shed opened to admit of the
shuttle passing through. The straps 21 and 22 are affixed to the roller L on
.the other side of the loom in a similar manner, and are actuated by the straps
O. P. To the inner end of the roller L, two connecting rods Q are affixed,
.but allowed to turn on the pins 23, which pins are set out of the centre of the
rollers. To the other end of the connecting rods is attached, by a hinge or other
.moving joint, the back of lay or batten E, and as the rollers L are caused
'to turn backwards and forwards by the straps M, N, and O, P, the batten E
will be alternately forced forward by the connecting rods to beat up the shoot,
and be again withdrawn till the shuttle has again passed through the shed, so
that by the backward and forward turning of the rollers L, by means of the
.cords or straps M, N, and O, P, and by the cords or straps 19, 20, and 21, 22,
.being connected to the shed openers, the shed will always be opening at the
.time that the batten or lay is being withdrawn from beating up the shoot.
I will now proceed to describe the manner of throwing the shuttle, which
is performed by the backward and forward motion given to the shuttle stick V
by the springs d, e. In Figure 2 it will be seen that the shuttle stick is in a
position ready to throw the shuttle from right to left so soon as the sliding

page_text: frame g shall be sufficiently raised for the stud le on the shuttle stick to pass
under the stud on the sliding frame, which will be the case when the bar H
is turned a small degree further in the direction of the arrow, the spring d
which has become (charged by the raising of the arms f,) will suddenly
collapse and throw the shuttle stick and the shuttle to the opposite side of the
loom. The manner of charging the springs d and e is as follows:-The
turning of the shaft H carries with it the arms f, which consequently depress
one spring e, which it is enabled to do by means of the part Z giving way.
downwards, whilst the spring d is extended or charged in consequence of the
part Y being prevented giving way upwards by its coming in contact with the
top of the cross head X of the shuttle stick. The sliding frame g is raised by
means of two studs fixed on the back of the arms f,f, alternately acting on
the ends of the screws projecting in front of the sliding frame g, so that when
either of the arms f is raised, the stud on the back of that arm comes in
contact with the end of the screw, and raises it upwards till the shuttle stick is
freed, and at the return of that arm f downwards, the sliding frame follows by
its own weight, and thus brings the stud j into position to prevent the return
of the shuttle stick till the other side arm f has been raised, and thus will the
top of the shuttle stick be held on one side or other of the stud J, whilst the
spring on that side on which it is held will be in the act of charging by

page_text: crank 24, 24, and 25, 25; to these throws of the crank descend connecting
rods 26, 26, and 27, 27, which connecting rods connect the cranks with
the shed openers t, which shed openers it will be perceived are in the
present arrangement placed at the top of the loom, and the counter shed
openers 8, are placed at the bottom; 28 and 29 are two bell cranks, having
their fulcrum or axis on bearing 30 on the top framing of the loom; 31 and
32 are connecting rods which connect one end of the bell cranks to the shed
openers; and 33 and 34 are two strings or cords which connect the other
end of the bell cranks to the spiral spring 35. The crank shaft 23 is placed
in bearings T, forming part of the framing of the loom; 36 is a continuation of
one of the shed openers, and is shown separately at Figure 6, Drawings A,
and is for the purpose of working the bell crank 28 by the connecting rod 31.
In order to put this loom to work, a rotary or simi-rotary motion is to be given
to the crank shaft 23, which will cause the connecting rods 24, 24, and 25, 25,
alternately to be raised and lowered, and consequently the shed openers, which
are attached thereto, will be made to rise and fall; and their being tied by
strings to the heddles or harness fin such a manner that by the intervention
of the counter shed openers s, one part of the heddles or harness is made to
rise whilst the other part descends, in the same manner as was heretofore the
case when meshes were used, and as before described; and thus the shed will
be opened every time the cranks stand in the perpendicular position; and the
shuttle is thrown at the moment the cranks 24, 24, or 25, 25, arrive at the
highest position, so that a shoot is thrown through the sled formed in the warp
every half revolution of the cranks, whether it be in a continuous direction, or
whether it is made to turn backwards and forwards, and then forming only
half a circular motion; a wheel 87 is fixed on the crank shaft 23, this wheel
has two studs placed at equal distances on its circumference; these studs take
hold of a projection or stud on the back of the sliding frame g, and when a
rotary motion is given to the crank shaft 23, the studs in succession will take
hold of and raise the sliding frame g, which sliding frame g, so soon as it is
released by the stud on the wheel 87, will fall by its own weight, and thus be
ready to retain the shuttle stick in the manner before described. Fig. 5
shows the additional parts necessary in case of a backward and forward motion
being given to the cranks; then only one stud on the wheel 37 will come into
action on the sliding frame, for in turning the shaft 23 half way round, the
cranks will be raised to the highest position, and the stud on the wheel 37 will
have carried up the sliding frame g sufficiently high to release the studs j and
k, and then the shuttle stick will be thrown across by the spring 35; the crank
shaft 23 will then return back to the position from which it started, and tho

page_text: stud on the wheel 37 will recede from the sliding frame, and thereby perniit
it to slide down to retain the shuttle stick; and as the wheel 37 returns back
to the position from whence it started, and thereby brings the two cranks
24, 24, which were at the top down to the bottom, the stud 48 fixed to the
side of the wheel 37 will come in contact with the lever 44, having its
fulcrum at 45, on a bearing affixed to the top framing of the loom. This lever
44 is attached to the sliding frame 9 by a short string or wire, so that the
turning back of the wheel will by the stud 43 raise the sliding frame g suffi-
ciently high for releasing the shuttle stick at the time the second pair of
cranks 25, 25, have opened the shed for the second throwing of the shuttle.
I will now describe the manner in which the spring 35 is made to throw the
shuttle stick V from side to side. 88, 38, are the two ends attached to the
spring 35; these ends have small bolts sliding in a groove cut in the plates
39, screwed to the top framing of the loom. To the ends of the spring 35,
square iron rods 40 and 41, which I call pushers, are affixed; these rods pass
through holes made in the staples 42, fixed to the top framing of the loom,
and by means of the ends 38 sliding in grooves in the plates 39 and the
pushers 40, and 41, which are fixed to the ends of the spring, passing through
the holes in the staples 42, the spring 35 is kept in the proper position. The
shuttle stick V has its axis or fulcrum at the top of the bearing which carries
the sliding frame g, and in the present case the shuttle stick is not fixed to
the spring, but is thrown forward by the pushers 40 and 41, which are bent at
right angles, as will be seen on a larger scale in Figure 3, Drawing B. The
rising and falling of the shed openers t, they being connected to the springs 35
by the intervention of the connecting rods 81, 82, and the bell cranks 28, 29,
cause the spring to be acted on in the following manner:--I will suppose that
the shuttle stick is hanging perpendicular, in which case the collapsing of the
spring 35 would bring the bent ends of the two pushers to touch the shuttle
stick one on each side, when it will be evident, that if the shuttle stick be
placed in the position shewn in the Drawing, it will force both the pushers
together with that end of the spring, and by the drawing down of the bell
crank 28, by the connecting rod 31, the string or cord 38 will be tightened,
and will draw with it the spring which will be thus extended; meanwhile the
bell crank 29, by the rising of the connecting rod 32, which is attached to the
other end of the shed opener, will cause the string or cord 34 to hang loosely,
and when by the rising of the sliding frame g, the stud on the shuttle stick is
permitted to pass that on the sliding frame, the spring 35 will now be per-
mitted to collapse, and will, by means of the pusher 41, drive the shuttle stick
to the opposite side of the loom, when it will rest against the pusher 40, and

page_text: by the falling of the sliding frame, the stud thereon will prevent the passing of
the shuttle stick, which will retain the pusher 40 in the position to which it
had been drawn by the crank 28; the crossing of the shed openers t will then
bring down the connecting rod 32, attached to the bell crank 29, which will
tighten the string or cord 34, and again extend the spring 35, and thus it will
be ready to throw the shuttle stick by the pusher 40 back to the position
shewn in the Drawing. The batten or lay in this loom is made to beat up the
shoot by the backward and forward turning of the rollers L fixed on each side
of the loom, already explained; but these rollers are made to turn backwards
and forwards by straps or cords attached to the ends of the shed openers t;
these straps or cords being made to pass once round the rollers L in opposite
.directions, that the rising and falling of the shed openers t cause these rollers to
turn round first in one direction and then in another, in the manner before
described, and thus causing the batten or lay to beat up the shoot, and then
recede therefrom for the purpose of again permitting the shuttle to be thrown
through the shed.
Figure 2, Drawing B, represents four looms to be worked by two persons,
by one pendulum lever G (see Fig. 4), similar to that already described
with reference to the first part of my Invention; two looms being placed on
each side of the lever, the lever swings on an axis fixed in the framing 47,
which framing is screwed to the framing A; the lever G actuates a bar or
axis H in the manner seen in Fig. 4, already described; this bar or axis
works in bearings at 48, 48, affixed to the framing 47, 47; to each end of the
bar or axis H there are two segments of a circle I, J, similar to those already
described, from which the motion is communicated by the straps 49, 50, 51,
and 52 (in the manner represented in Fig. 4), to the drums or riggers affixed
to the crank shafts of the looms 23; and by the oscillation of the pendulum
lever G, the segments are turned backwards and forwards a sufficient length
to cause the straps 49, 50, 51, and 52 to turn the drum or riggers (half-way
round,) to which the straps are connected (that is to say), they are turned first
in one direction and then in another; and these drums or riggers being affixed
to the crank shafts 23, the backward and forward motion given to the drums
or riggers alternately raises one set of the cranks to the top and then the
other, and thus working the four looms, for the two workmen, each take one of
the handles K, K, and cause the pendulum lever G to oscillate, which by
means of the connecting rods, already described with reference to the first part
of my Invention, will cause the segments I, J, alternately to rise and fall, and
by means of the straps connected thereto will give the backward and forward
motion to the drums fixed in the crank shafts.. If the looms are to be worked

page_text: by a rotary motion, then in place of the pendulum lever G, a rotary motion
is to be communicated by straps from a drum wheel to the drums or riggers
affixed to the crank shafts of the looms. Although I have here described the
parts I and J as being only segments of circles, it is evident that the full circle
may be used, my object in using segments being for the purpose of obtaining
lightness; and although I have described the crank shaft 23 as having four falls,
whereby each end of the shed openers are connected to a crank, whereby a steady
and regular motion is produced, yet it will be evident that if the crank shaft
23 have only two falls, one, connected to each of the shed openers t, a similar
effect would be produced; but so regular and steady a motion might not be
obtained as when four throws are used. Note.-In the first part of my In-
vention the looms are stoped when the shuttle is not thrown through the shed
by the usual catch stopping the batten; and in the second part of my In-
vention, see Drawing B, Figs. 1 and 2, the looms are thrown out of geer by
the usual catch striking against the bar 50, which bar is permitted to move
laterally by the rods 51, which are affixed to the breast beam and side frame
and to the bar 50 by moving joints 52, so that when the bar 50 is struck by
the catch on the batten or lay in consequence of the shuttle not being thrown
into the opposite shuttle box, the bar 50 will move laterally and force out the
rod 53, attached thereto and which is hung on or has its fulcrum at 54
(see Fig. 1, Drawing B), so that the forcing out of the lower end of this
rod 58 will bring the other end which which has a bent lever 55, 56, attached
at the top thereof, and when forced against by the bar 50 the end 55 will
press against the flanch 57 of the clutch box, and the end 56 will press.
against and enter into one of the notches cut around the side of the drum,
and which by its revolution will carry up the end 56, and open the clutch box,
and put the loom out of geer, and thus each loom will be separately put
out of geer when either of the shuttles stops in its passage.
Having now described the various parts which constitute my Invention, I
would have it understood that although I have described various parts which are
separately well known and in use, yet I lay no claim to them separately; but
what I claim is the combination of such parts in the manner above described,
and applying them so combined to the purpose of working looms.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Harvey Sadler, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and thirty.
JOHN HARVEY (L.S.) SADLER.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirty-first day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1830, the aforesaid John Harvey Sadler came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein. contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the First day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-one.