Improvements in or relating to Incandescence Gas Burners.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 12th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Incandescence Gas Burners.
I, LOUIS JACQUINET, of 104, Rue Belliard, Brussels, in Belgium, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The principle underlying the construction of the burner according to this
invention is not the combustion of a simple mixture of air and gas under a sieve
as in ordinary Bunsen burners, but that of Giffard-the gas carrying air with
it in order to produce a more homogeneous mixture and to have a greater speed
of flow, whereby and owing to the construction of the burner a long steady flame
is obtained which may be adjusted by adjusting the position of chimney, and
a better incandescent surface with a smaller consumption of gas than in ordinary
incandescent burners.
The whole of the burner is supported on the gas injector the outer surface of
which is screw threaded for this purpose and terminates at the top in a small
nozzle, the action of which is to increase the speed of the flow of the gas, while
at the bottom said injector is provided either with an ordinary socket for the
purpose of screwing it on the gas bracket or with a flange for securing it first
to a valve-chamber the function of which will be hereinafter described.
On the injector is screwed, by means of its lower screw threaded socket, a
perforated disc constituting the bottom of the air-chamber and having if desired
two or more ribs according to the size of the burner. Over this air-chamber
rises a cone and a tube to which is connected the crown of the burner resting
on a flange or ring.
The injector instead of being screw threaded outside and the socket instead
of being screw threaded, may be simply formed so as to fit into one another and
be adjusted to a desired height by means of a set screw.
The crown consists of two truncated cones connected at their bases, at the
top one or other number of small lugs or horizontal ribs, a copper disc of a
smaller diameter than that of the orifice is placed so as to form a narrow annular
discharge opening. This disc carries on its lower face a downwardly projecting
cone for dividing and directing the mixture, into the chamber, and on its upper
face a cone above the annular orifice for guiding and directing the flame.
To avoid the necessity of a very careful centering of the point of the lower
cone relatively to the ascending jet of gas, and nevertheless to obtain a uniform
division of the mixture, the point is cut off so as to produce a truncated cone
presenting to the jet a small circular surface on which it becomes divided and
follows the cone and arrives thoroughly mixed with air, at the annular orifice
where it is ignited. The shape of the burner may vary within certain limits,
if necessary.
On the connecting tube is adjustably mounted a ring supporting the gallery
for the chimney. The mantle may be supported by any part of the burner out-
side the mantle or on a central rod placed in the top of the upper cone.
The burner thus constituted may be provided with a bye-pass burner, the tube

page_text: of which may extend as usual from the gas socket and pass into the cones so
as to burn at the top. The tube may extend from the socket under a valve which
opens only when the gas is at the full pressure, but is closed when the pressure
in the gasmeter is small so that only a thin jet of gas is admitted just sufficient
for the bye-pass. By means of this arrangement it is possible to light or
extinguish a large number of burners at, once by operating the cock of the gas
meter.
The operation of the burner will now be easily understood:
The supply of gas per hour being regulated by the orifice of the injector nozzle
in accordance with the pressure and nature of the gas, the quantity of air to be
mixed with it is regulated by moving the cone above it nearer to or farther from
the injector, and securing the parts in position by means of a local nut or the
like, said cone facilitating the supply of the air, through which the gas passes
in the chamber. Then the mixture enters the connecting tube the cross-sectional
area of which is comparatively small and serves to ensure a greater molecular
cohesion and greater speed of the mixture by preventing its expansion, and
guiding it into the cup under the double cone round which it spreads and
escapes in a uniform, manner through the annular orifice where it is ignited.
The flame which is very large, instead of bending, rises in a point along the
upper cone and renders incandescent the whole mantle surrounding it and burns
very intensely and uniformly and with great steadiness, which may be increased
by adjusting the chimney which, when placed at the desired height, produces an
absolute steadiness of the flame, the chimney being at the same time, if desired,
much lower than the usual non-adjustable chimney.
Dated this 14th day of November 1808
:
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
LOUIS JACQUINET, Engineer, 104, Rue Belliard, Brussels, in Belgium, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The principle underlying the construction of the burner according to this
invention is not the combustion of a simple mixture of air, and gas under a sieve
as in ordinary Bunsen burners, but that of Giffard--the gas carrying air with
it in order to produce a more homogeneous mixture and to have a greater speed
of flow, whereby and owing to the construction of the burner a long steady flame
is obtained which may be adjusted by adjusting the position of chimney, and
a better incandescent surface with a smaller consumption of gas than in ordinary
incandescent burners.
The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, a burner according
to this invention,
Figure 1 being a vertical section.
Figure 2 a plan of the ring where the mixture issues.
Figure 3 a plan of the air inlet, and
Figures 4 and 5 vertical section of modified constructions of the gas injector.
Figures. 6 and 7 are modifications of the construction of the burner.
The whole of the burner is supported on the gas-injector A, the outer surface
of which is screw threaded for this purpose and terminates at the top in a small

page_text: nozzle I, the action of which is to, increase the speed of the flow of the gas, while
at the bottom said injector is provided either with an ordinary socket n (Figure 4)
for the purpose of screwing it on the gas bracket or with a flange m for securing
it first to a valve chamber S (Figure 1) the function of which will be herein-
after described.
On the injector A is screwed by means of its lower screw threaded socket a,
perforated disc B (Figures 1 and 3) constituting the bottom of the air-chamber C
and having, if desired, two or more ribs b according to the size of the burner.
Over this air chamber rises a cone C₁ and a tube C to which is connected the
crown of the burner resting on a flange or ring r.
The injector A instead of being screw-threaded outside and the socket B
instead of being screw-threaded may be simply formed so as to fit into one
another and be adjusted to a desired height by means of a set screw, as shown
in Figure 5.
The crown consists of two truncated cones D and 11 connected at their bases,
and at the top is supported on one or other number of small lugs or horizontal
ribs P1 P2 P3, a copper disc, of a smaller diameter than that of the orifice, so
as to form a narrow annular discharge opening (Fig. 2). This disc carries on
its lower face a downwardly projecting cone E for dividing and directing the
mixture, into the chamber D and on its upper face a cone F above the annular
orifice for guiding and directing the flame.
To avoid the necessity of a very careful centering of the point of the lower
cone E relatively to the ascending jet of gas, and nevertheless to obtain a uniform
division of the mixture, the point is cut off so as to produce a truncated cone
presenting to the jet a small circular surface on which it becomes divided and
follows the cone and arrives thoroughly mixed with air, at the annular orifice
where it is ignited. The shape of the burner may vary within certain limits,
if necessary, as for instance diagrammatically shown in Figures 6 and 7.
On the connecting tube C³ is adjustably mounted a ring H supporting the
gallery G for the chimney V. The mantle may be supported by any part of the
burner outside the mantle or on a central rod placed in the top of the upper
cone F (Figures 6 and 7).
The burner thus constituted may be provided with a bye-pass burner, the
tube g of which may extend as usual from the gas socket n and pass into the
cones E F so as to burn at the top. In the example illustrated the tube may
extend from the socket under a valve placed at s, which opens only when the gas
is at the full pressure, but is closed when the pressure in the gas meter is small
so that only a thin jet of gas is admitted just sufficient for the bye-pass. By
means of this arrangement it is possible to light or extinguish a large number of
burners at once by operating the cock of the gas meter.
The operation of the burner will now be easily understood. The supply of
gas per hour being regulated by the orifice of the injector nozzle I in accordance
with the pressure and nature of the gas, the quantity of air to be mixed with it
is regulated by moving the cone C¹ above it nearer to or farther from the injector,
and securing the parts in position by means of a lock nut B or the like, said
cone facilitating the supply of the air, through which the gas passes in the
chamber C. Then the mixture enters the connecting tube C2 the cross-sectional
area of which is comparatively small and serves to ensure a greater molecular
cohesion and greater speed of the mixture by preventing its expansion, and
guiding it into the cup D under the double cone E round which it spreads and
escapes in a uniform manner through the annular orifice where it is ignited.
The flame which is very large, instead of bending, rises in a point along the
upper cone F and renders incandescent the whole mantle surrounding it and
burns very intensely and uniformly and with great steadiness, which
may be
increased by adjusting the chimney V which, when placed at the desired height,
produces an absolute steadiness of the flame, the chimney being at the same time,
if desired, much lower than the usual non-adjustable chimney.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. An incandescence gas burner on the Giffard principle for effecting the
mixture of gas and air comprising an adjustable funnel-shaped mixing chamber,
surmounted by a tubular extension carrying a conical cup into which a cone
projects for guiding the mixture to the annular orifice, surmounted by a cone for
elongating the flame, the chimney being if desired adjustable for the purpose
of obtaining a steady and uniform flame.
2. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete burner
substantially as described or illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In a burner of the kind described a double cone F E substantially as
described or illustrated in Figures 1, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 12th day of August 1899
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.