A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING AND DOUBLE ACTING WINDLASS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Evelyn Liardet, of No. 4, Breakspears Road,
Wickham Park, Brockley, in the County of Kent, for an Invention of
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING AND DOUBLE ACTING WINDLASS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Evelyn Liardet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1880.
JOHN EVELYN LIARDET, of No. 4, Breakspoars Road, Wickham Park, Brockley,
in the County of Kent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING AND DOUBLE ACTING
WINDLASS."
The object of my Invention is that a windlass constructed according to it shall
be more powerful in action, shall have more control over the cable with less chance
of fusion, that it shall possess a beautiful spring for easy riding, and that the cable
shall be with it less liable to snap than with any other at present in use, and
that it shall be equally applicable for the smallest as well as the largest vessel
afloat.
My Invention consists, as follows:-The windlass has by preference side supports
of iron, also an iron floor and hawse pipes to admit the cable from and to the chain
lockers as taken up by the rolling motion of the windlass either to give out or take
in cable. It is provided also with an upper iron top or roof for frame through
which the cable is to pass through the hawse pipes over the ship's bows, and vice
versa, inboard to the chain lockers. The windlass has a tenant and mortico
axle on which the windlass revolves, so that each cable and windlass may act
independently or together as occasion may require, the windlass being double in
construction. A spring is provided having fittings to keep the same in its place.
The spring will take the pressure of both or each cable as occasion may require,
and can be regulated to indicate such pressure on one or both cables according to
the use of one or both cables at a time. Side slides are provided from each arm of
the tenant and mortice axles to each end of the spring and by which the strain
upon one or both cables can be ascertained. The windlass may be said to act in
two parts, namely, one on the tenant and one on the mortice half of the axle, so
that cach cable may be worked independently or both together as may be required.
The windlass is also provided with large or giant cog wheels by which each

page_text: windlass is worked, these wheels forming a great fulcrum and lever, and work
separately or together, as required. There are also small mortice and tenant axles
with small cog wheels to operate on the gigantic cog wheels, and there are gigantic
V wheels attached to the axle giving great additional leverage, with smaller V wheels
to act on the gigantic V wheels, which form another great fulcrum and lever to
work the cog wheels. There are buffers to regulate the V wheels, either to press
on or release the cable so that one man, or even a boy may work the pressure or
release one or two cables separately or together at one time. Steam band wheels
or hand power gear can be attached to work the windlass as required. Indicators
are attached to the axle to show the pressure on each cable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Evelyn Liardet in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd
October 1880.
JOHN EVELYN LIARDET, of No. 4, Breakspears Road, Wickham Park, Brockley,
in the County of Kent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING AND DOUBLE ACTING
WINDLASS."
The object of my Invention is that a windlass constructed according to it shall
be more powerful in action, shall have more control over the cable with less
chance of fusion, that it shall possess a highly efficient spring for easy riding,
and that the cable shall be less liable to snap in the nip of the hawse pipe or
elsewhere than with any other windlass at present in use, and that it shall be
equally applicable for the smallest as well as the largest vessel afloat.
My Invention consists as follows:-
The windlass has by preference sido supports of iron, also an iron floor and
controller hawse pipes to admit the cable or cables from and to the chain lockers, as
taken up by the rolling motion of the windlass, either to give out or take in cable,
and whenever required these controller hawse pipes form an additional or separate
means of effectually mooring the ship by, but at all times the ship can be effectually
moored by the windlass alone, being rigidly fixed when required by the action
of the controller or controllers attached to it. The windlass is provided also
with an upper iron roof top or hood of frame work, beneath which the cable
can pass outward through the hawse pipes over the ship's bows, and vice versa,
inboard.
The windlass may have a tenon and mortico axle, or instead thereof an ordinary
axle working in slide guides on to the spring herein after mentioned.
A spring is or springs are also provided to take the pressure of both or each cable
as occasion may require, and it or they will be regulated to indicate such pressure on
one or both cables, like all ordinary and powerful weighing machines, accordingly
as one or both cables are used at one time. The springs may bo either laminated
or spiral and may be of metal, india rubber, or other elastic substance.

page_text: Side slides are provided from the end of each arm of the tenon and mortice axle
or ordinary axlo to fit properly on or to be attached to the spring, and by which the
strain upon one or both cables can be correctly ascertained. The spring may be
placed either in a horizontal, vertical, or an angular position, accordingly as the
position of the windlass is fixed on board to take the strain of the cable upon it in
any position the windlass may be placed.
The windlass may be said to act in two parts, namely, the one on the tenon and
one on the mortice part of the axle, or ordinary axles, when either arrangement
is used, so that cach cable may be worked independently or both together, as may
be required.
The windlass is also provided with large, medium, or giant cog wheels, as occasion
requires, by which cach half of the windlass is worked. These wheels work
separately or together as required, forming a great fulcrum and lover.
There are also small mortice and tenon axles with small cog wheels to operato
on the gigantic cog wheels; and
There are medium or gigantic V or friction wheels attached to the axle giving
great additional leverage, with smaller V or friction wheels to act on tho
gigantic V or friction wheels, which, together with the larger V or friction wheels,
form an additional fulcrum and lever to work the cog wheels.
There are buffers or controllers to regulate the V or friction wheels, either to
press on them so as to fix or release the cable, so that one man or even a boy
may work the pressure on or release one or two cables either separately or at one
time together.
Steam band wheels or hand power gear, can be attached to work the windlass as
may be required, or it can be worked by the direct action of a steam cylinder.
Indicators are to be attached to the axle to shew the pressure on each
cable.
In order that the nature of my Invention and the manner in which the same is
to be carried into practical effect may be particularly described and ascertained,
this Specification is accompanied by two Sheets of Drawings numbered I. and II.,
and having Figures and letters of reference marked thereupon, the samo letter
being used to denote a similar or corresponding part in each Figure.
Figure 1 in the Drawing, Sheet No. I., is a side elevation, Figure 2 an end
elevation, and Figure 3 a plan of my improved windlass as just herein before
described, and which is specially designed to be placed between decks for ships of
war, and forms a complete support for the batteries, whether turret or otherwiso,
carried on the deck above it. The frame of this windlass is marked A, it is
secured to the upper deck beam B, as shown. The axle of the windlass is
marked C; the drum of the same D; the large or gigantic tooth wheels are denoted
by E; the smaller ones gearing in with them, F.
G denotes the larger or friction wheels; H, the smaller Vor friction wheels;
the guides on to the spring are marked I; the springs, K; L is the bed on which
the spring rests; the break wheels are marked M.
The Figures in Sheet No. II. refer to windlasses especially designed for the
merchant navy, and in which the main features of my Invention are still preserved,
as will be seen by reference. These windlasses are intended for use on the upper
deck, but may if it be preferred be placed between decks, either for the Royal
Navy or for merchant vessels, and the frictional gearing.in Sheet No. I. may be
applied in the modifications shown in Shoet No. 11. in substitution for the endless
screw therein shown, if required or desired.
Figure 4 (Sheet No. II.) is a half section, Figure 5 an end double section,
Figure 6 also a half double section, and Figure 7 a plan of the controller or stopper.
In Figure 7 will be seen two levers R, R, to nip and stop the chain by the links
when necessary.
Figure 8 is a side elevation and Figure 9 an end view of a modification of my
windlass in which the springs are placed longitudinally, the drum of windlass
brought close to the deck, and an endless screw N provided to work the windlass,

page_text: either directly by steam or by hand power. The drum is locked by an ordinary
band compressor. A hand wheel O is provided for throwing the endless scrow in
and out of gear as may be required. A steam cylinder P is provided also, by which
the windlass may be worked; or instead thereof it may be worked, as hereinbefore
stated, by hand power. In this and some other forins of windlass I provido a
screwed shaft, working in suitable collars and guides, This screwed shaft is for
the purpose of compressing and locking the spring should it be broken, or when
from some other cause it may be desired to use the windlass without the spring.
This screwed shaft may be operated by levers or by a hand wheel or wheels
at Q¹.
Figure 10 is a side view, and Figure 11 an end viow, and Figure 12 a ground
plan of a windlass similar in most respects to that just now described, but in which
the endless screw is placed beneath the drum instead of above the same.
Figure 13 is a side elevation, and Figure 14 an end view of another modification
of my windlass, with the springs and endless screw in a vertical position.
Figure 15 is a ground plan and Figure 16 a plan in section of the same windlass.
In some cases I may prefer to use frictional gearing instead of the endless screw,
as herein before mentioned.
By the fitting of caps to cover the apertures for the reception of the links of the
'chain or cable the windlass becomes a perfect drum, capable of being used for steel
wire or hempen hawsers, and thus take the place of the steam capstan should that
get out of order; or should it be deemed necessary to use iron or steel wire hawsers
in lieu of the chain, and vice versd, at pleasure both can be used. By the applica-
tion only of three of such caps and locking the windlass the anchor may thereby
bo dropped by signal, or as occasion may require; the windlass not revolving
liability to fusion is absolutely prevented. The caps, which it will be understood
are removeable at pleasure, may be of steel, iron, phosphor, bronze, or other suitable
metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be carried into practical effect, I wish
it to be distinctly understood that what I claim and desire to secure by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
The construction of a windlass or windlasses with the spring or springs indicating
the strain on the cable with less wear and tear to the ship, and to secure the ship's
riding at anchor more easily than heretofore by any other windlass, and the
controlling arrangements and the general construction of windlasses, all as in
the manner and for the purposes herein in this Specification described, and in the
accompanying Drawings illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Evelyn Liardet, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
T DUET VN TIARRET
201