A NEW AND IMPROVED MODE OF PROPELLING MACHINERY
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Frederick Stansbury, of No. 17, Cornhill, in
the City of London, for the Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED MODE OF
PROPELLING MACHINERY."--A communication from Bernard Hughes, of
Rochester, in the State of New York, and United States of America.
Sealed the 11th July 1854, and dated the 16th January 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Frederick Stansbury
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th January 1854.
1, CHARLES FREDERICK STANSBURY, of No. 17, Cornhill, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED MODE OF PROPELLING MACHINERY," being a communication from Ber-
nard Hughes, of Rochester, in the State of New York, and United States of
America," to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in the application of the bi-sulphuret
of carbon in the form of vapor as a motive power. To enable others to use
my Invention I will describe its application. No Drawings are necessary. I
fill a boiler of an ordinary steam-engine with this liquid, and apply heat to the
boiler, and supply the material as fast as it evaporates by a pump; or I fill
the boiler partly full of water, and either inject the bi-sulphuret of carbon
into the water heated to any temperature above 108°, or I inject the bi-

page_text: sulphuret of carbon into the vapor of water. The vapor of the bi-sulphuret
of carbon operates precisely as steam, for which in fact it is a substitute; but
as, on account of the cost of the material which I use, it is important that it
should not be lost after it has once exerted its effects, I make use of any
known means of producing a perfect condensation of the vapor after it has
passed through the cylinder and performed its work, to enable me to use the
material over again. The advantages of using the bi-sulphuret of carbon
as a motive power are as follow:-
1st, it boils at a temperature of '108°; while water boils at 212°, and my
experiments have led me to conclude that at a temperature of 212° the
expansive power of the vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon is double that of
water.
2nd, when water passes into a state of vapor at a temperature of 212°
Fahrenheit, 1000 degrees of heat become latent in the vapor. I have
ascertained by my experiments, that when the bi-sulphuret of carbon passes
into a state of vapor at a temperature of 108°, only 144 degrees of heat
become latent; therefore, by using the vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon as
a motive power, a saving of fuel is effected proportionate to the difference
between the quantity of heat which becomes latent in the vapor of water and
the vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon.;
3rd, it is known that in a condensing engine nearly one-third of the power
is expended in pumping the water for the condensation of the steam. By
using the vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon, we are enabled to dispense
with about eight-ninths of the quantity of water ordinarily used for condensing
steam.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,
the application of bi-sulphuret of carbon to any convenient form of the steam-
engine or other suitable engine as a motive power, substantially as described,
when the vapor of the said substance, after it has passed through the cylinder,
is condensed by any known means of producing condensation in a suitable
reservoir, and preserved for the future supply of the boiler, substantially as
above described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Frederick Stansbury in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
FREDERICK STANSBURY, of No. 17, Cornhill, in the City of London, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, Her special licence that I, the said
Charles Frederick Stansbury, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED MODE OF PROPELLING MACHINERY,"
a communication from Bernard Hughes, of Rochester, in the State of New
York, and United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the saine is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The nature of my Invention consists in the application of the bi-sulphuret
of carbon in the form of vapor as a motive power.
To enable others to use my Invention I will describe its application. No
Drawings are necessary.
I fill a boiler of an ordinary steam-engine with this liquid, and apply heat
to the boiler, and supply the material as fast as it evaporates by a pump; or
I fill the boiler partly full of water, and either inject the bi-sulphuret of.

page_text: carbon into the water heated to any temperature above 108°, or I inject
the bi-sulphuret of carbon into the vapor of water. The va por of the bi-
sulphuret of carbon operates precisely as steam, for which in fact it is a
substitute.
The bi-sulphuret of carbon, when used in conjunction with water or the
vapor of water, has a tendency to act chemically upon surfaces of iron with
which the combined materials may come in contact. To avoid this, I contem-
plate making the parts of the engine exposed to the contact of the materials,
or their vapors, of brass or other metallic composition not liable to corrosion
by them. But as, on account of the cost of the material which I use, it
s important that it should not be lost after it has once exerted its effects, 1
make use of any known means of producing a perfect condensation of the
vapour after it has passed through the cylinder and performed its work, to
enable me to use the material over again.
I also contemplate the use of water packing in the parts of the engine where
leakage of vapor is most likely to occur.
The advantages of using the vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon as a
motive power, are as follow:-
First, it boils at a temperature of 108°, while water boils at 212°, and my
experiments have led me to conclude that at a temperature of 212° the
expansive power of the vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon is double that of
water.
"
Second, when water passes into a state of vapor at a temperature of 212°
Fahrenheit, 1000 degrees of heat become latent in the vapor. I have
ascertained by my experiments, that when the bi-sulphuret of carbon passes
into a state of vapor at a temperature of 108°, only 144 degrees of heat become
latent; therefore, by using the vapour of the bi-sulphuret of carbon as a
motive power, a saving of fuel is effected proportionate to the difference between
the quantity of heat which becomes latent in the vapor of water and the
vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon.
Third, it is known that in a condensing engine nearly one-third of the
power is expended in pumping the water for the condensation of the steam.
By using the vapor of the bi-sulphuret of carbon, we are enabled to dispense
with about eight-ninths of the quantity of water ordinarily used for condensing
steam.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,
the application of bi-sulphuret of carbon to any convenient form of the steam-
engine or other suitable engine as a motive power, substantially as described

page_text: when the vapor of said substance, after it has passed through the cylinder,
is condensed by any known means of producing condensation in a suitable
reservoir, and preserved for the future supply of the boiler, substantially as
above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
CHARLES FREDERICK STANSBURY. (L.B.)