IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND FOR THE TRANSMISSION OP THE MOTIVE POWER OF WATER, STEAM, OR OTHER FLUID OR GASES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Carr Marshall, of Jarrow, in the County of
Durham, and Hugh Stewart, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND FOR THE TRANSMISSION
OP THE MOTIVE POWER OF WATER, STEAM, OR OTHER FLUID OR GASES."
Sealed the 4th February 1868, and dated the 7th August 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Carr Marshall
and Hugh Stewart at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 7th August 1867.
We, FRANCIS CARR MARSHALL, of Jarrow, in the County of Durbam, and
HUGH STEWART, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND FOR THE
TRANSMISSION OF THE MOTIVE POWER OF WATER, STEAM, OR OTHER FLUID OR
GASES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved arrangements of apparatus for raising
or forcing water or other fluids by means of a cylindrical drum fixed con-
centrically on a spindle or shaft to which the notion is communicated. The
druni is made to revolve in a casing so constructed that part of its internal
circumferential surface is concentric to the drum, but with a space left

page_text: between the two through which the fluid can be moved by the action of one
or more sliding plungers or vanes carried round by the drum. The remaining
part of the above-mentioned surface is eccentric with the drum, and at one
place in contact with the same, while the ends of the drum are fitting
mechanically to the inside of the ends of the casing. The spindle to which
the drum is secured passes through a water lantern packing provided in stuffing
boxes at each end of the casing; the drum is fitted with one or more plungers
or vanes sliding easily in a radial direction in recesses or grooves in the body
of the drum, and in their inner position their outer ends form part of the
circumference of the drum; when in their outermost position they close the
annular passage between the drum and casing mentioned above, driving the
fluid in at one side of the casing through a suction pipe, and forcing it out
through a discharge pipe provided at the other side, during which process the
centrifugal force acting upon the sliding plungers presses them against the
internal surface of the casing, thereby ensuring perfect tightness. The plungers
after leaving the concentric portion of the casing are gradually forced into
the drum as they approach the point of contact between the drum and the
casing, after which the plungers on passing over the remaining half of the
eccentric portion of the case are aided in their outward radial motion by a
cam on the inside of each end of the casing so arranged as to force them
out to their working position, but releasing them before closing the suction
aperture, thus allowing them to yield' easily to any solid body carried along
with the fluid into the pump. In the middle of the previously described
eccentric portion of the casing, where it is in constant contact with the drum,
an adjustable packing piece or door of metal, wood, or other suitable material
is fitted which is made to bear upon the surface of the revolving drum to
ensure perfect tightness of this part, and to take up the wear, at the same
time forming a convenient mode of access for the removal and replacing of the
plungers when necessary. The bearings and stuffing boxes of the driving
spindle are formed in the ends of the casing, and are provided with a water
lantern supplied with water from the delivery side of the pump, and by means
of passages this water is conveyed to the inner ends of the plungers, so com-
municating the pressure on the delivery side to them and assist in keeping
them against the working face of the case and preventing the leakage of air
to the suction side. When it is desired to employ the above-described
apparatus for the purpose of obtaining or transmitting the motive power of
water or other fluids, a column or head of such fluid is introduced into the
inlet pipe and acts upon the radial plungers, so as to cause the central axis to
'revolve, when the apparatus may be employed as a rotatory hydraulic engine;

page_text: or by the addition of an inlet valve and gear suitably arranged for the admission
of steam, gas, or other elastic fluid the apparatus may also be employed as a
rotary engine for transmitting motive power.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Francis Carr Marshall and Hugh Stewart in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 7th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FRANCIS
CARR MARSHALL, of Jarrow, in the County of Durham, Engineer, and HUGH
STEWART, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Francis Carr Marshall and Hugh Stewart, Her special licence that we,
the said Francis Carr Marshall and Hugh Stewart, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Francis Carr Marshall and
Hugh Stewart, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS,
AND FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF THE MOTIVE POWER OF WATER, STEAM, OR OTHER
FLUIDS OR GASES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Francis Carr Marshall and Hugh Stewart, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Francis Carr Marshall, on behalf
of myself and the said Hugh Stewart, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and_in_what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:

page_text: l
This Invention relates to improved arrangements of apparatus for raising or
forcing water or other fluids by means of a cylindrical drum, e, arranged as
shown in the Drawing hereunto annexed, fixed concentrically on a spindle or
shaft to which the motion is communicated. The drum e is made to revolve
in a casing g so constructed that part of its internal circumferential surface
is concentric to the drum, but with a space left between the two through
which the fluid can be moved by the action of one or more sliding plungers or
vanesh carried round by the drum. The remaining part of the above-
mentioned surface is excentric with the drum, and at one place in contact
with same while the ends of the drum are fitting mechanically to. the
insides of the ends of the casing. The spindle to which. the drum is.secured
passes through a water lantern i, packing being provided in stuffing. boxes k
at each end of the casing. The drum is fitted with one or more plungers. or
vanes sliding easily in a radial direction in recesses or grooves in the body.
of the drum, and in their inner, position their outer, ends form part of the
circumference of the drum when in their outermost position, they close. the
annular passage between the drum e: and casing g mentioned above, drawing.the.
fluid in at one side of the casing through a suction pipe m, and forcing it out
through a discharge pipe n provided-at-the-other-side, during which process
the centrifugal force acting upon the sliding plungers h. presses them against.
the internal surface of the casing g thereby ensuring. perfect tightness; the
plungers after leaving the concentric portion of the casing "g.are gradually.
forced into the drum,e as they approach the point of contact. between the
drum e and the casing 9, after which the plungers.on passing over the remaining
half of the eccentric portion of the case are aided, in their. outward radial
motion by a cam o on the inside of each end of the casing g, so arranged as to.
force them out to their working position, but releasing them before closing the
suction aperture, thus allowing them to yield easily to any solid body carried
along with the fluid into the pump. In the middle of the previously described
eccentric portion of the casing, where it is in constant contact with the drum,
an adjustable packing piece or door p of metal, wood, or other suitable material
is fitted, which is made to bear upon the surface of the revolving drum to
ensure perfect tightness of this part, and to take up the wear, at the same
time forming a convenient mode of access for the removal and replacing of the
plungers when necessary. The bearings and stuffing boxes of the driving
spindle are formed in the ends of the casings g, and are
water lantern i supplied with water from the delivery side of pump, and by
means of passages 9 this water is conveyed to the inner ends of the plungers,
so communicating the pressure on the delivery side to them, and assisting in
provided with a

page_text: keeping them against the working face of case and preventing the leakage
of air to the suction side. When it is desired to employ the above-described
apparatus for the purpose of obtaining or transmitting the motive power of
water or other fluids, a column or head of such fluid is introduced into the
inlet pipe, and acts upon the radial plungers so as to cause the central axis to
revolve when the apparatus may be employed as a rotary hydraulic engine; or
by the addition of an inlet valve and gear suitably arranged for the admission
of steam, gas, or other elastic fluid the apparatus may also be employed as a
rotary engine for transmitting motive power; all which will be readily understood
by a competent mechanic acquainted with this description of machinery or
apparatus.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that what we claim is,―
First. The arrangement of parts herein described and shown in the Drawing,
whereby the plungers are kept up to their, working face by centrifugal force,
with or without the aid of cams.
Secondly. We claim the application of a working surface concentric to
the line of motion of the plungers, substantially as herein shown and described.
Thirdly: We claim the arrangement and application of the adjustable
packing piece p, substantially as herein shown and described.
Fourthly. We claim the application of the water lantern packing for the
purpose herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Carr Marshall, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of February, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
FC MARSHALL
year of
FC MARSHALL
(L.B.)