Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Tubes and other Hollow Bodies.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application. 15th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 7th Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Tubes and
other Hollow Bodies.
I, RUDOLF BUNGEROTH, of 1b Ewaldstrasse, Remscheid, in the German
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with the manufacture
of tubes and other hollow bodies.
According to this invention a heated block of metal or the material to be worked,
in a plastic condition, is introduced into a mould and is then perforated or made
hollow by means of a punch or ram and a suitable anvil in such a manner that
during the first part of the operation the hole is made when the anvil remains fixed
in position, the material being forced to flow into the space formed between the
outside of the punch or ram and the inside of the mould, whilst towards the end of
the operation the ram finishes the tube or forms the hole or perforation in the end
of the hollow body by the yielding of the said anvil. The punch or ram is then
removed whilst the tube or hollow body thus formed remains in position in the mould
through friction until it is forced out by suitable means.
The invention is more particularly applicable to the manufacture of tubes from
heated blocks of metal but may also be employed for the manufacture of hollow
bodies from cold plastic materials.
In carrying out the invention the mould is formed of a hollow body provided in
the interior with a collar or ring the internal diameter of which corresponds to the
inside diameter of the tube or the like to be manufactured.
The mould and the collar-are supported on a slide adapted to be suitably moved
in the frame of the press.
When the material is introduced into the mould an angle or bar is passed into
the collar or ring through a hole in the slide so as to form with the front end of
the same the bottom end of the mould. The ram is then introduced into the other
end of the mould and as the anvil or bar remains fixed in position the movement of
the ram into the mould causes a recess or hole to be formed in the block of material
which, flows into and fills the space between the ram and the mould.
Towards the end of the above operation the portion of the metal or other
material which is left between the ram and the anvil or bar is forced out by
the ram by, allowing the said anvil or bar to yield or move backwards out of the
collar.
The ram is then withdrawn from the mould and the finished tube is forced out
from the latter by means of a special tool or by the bar which, for this purpose
is fitted with a ring to bring it to the right diameter, i.e. the diameter of the inside
of the mould. To allow of the tube being thus forced out of the mould, the
position of, the slide is shifted so that the collar comes opposite a larger hole or
opening in the same than that through which the anvil or bar is passed during the
operation.
The two holes or passages in, the slide are made to run into one another or
continuous so that the slide can.be, moved whilst the anvil or bar, is. in its operative
position.
For the purpose of manufacturing hollow bodies with a perforated bottom or

page_text: end the collar is made of a correspondingly smaller internal diameter, the rod
being also reduced in diameter to the required extent. In this case the ram is
provided at its end with a pin to form the perforation in the bottom or end of
the tube.
The above described apparatus possesses many advantages over existing
apparatus for the manufacture of tubes and hollow bodies amongst which may
be mentioned the following, namely, that the block to be perforated and the collar
can be introduced into the mould by means of the anvil or bar which, when
employing heated blocks, is of very great importance as the introduction of the
same can be effected in the quickest possible time. If cold material be employed
the arrangement can be simplified by combining the collar with the slide. The
slide is provided in this case with two separate holes or orifices the diameter of one
of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the tube or body to be formed whilst
the second hole or orifice is of sufficient size either to allow the manufactured tube
or hollow body to be forced out of the mould in the above described manner or to
allow the special tool to be passed through the mould.
Instead of, as in the preceding modification, causing the slide to be movable it
may be made fixed, in which case the mould must be made movable.
It will be obvious that several moulds can be combined so as to revolve around
a common axis arranged parallel to the axes of the moulds, in which case each
mould is brought in turn opposite to the holes in the fixed part thereby permitting
the manufacture and ejection of hollow bodies or tubes.
Dated this 15th day of January 1896.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Fiusbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Tubes and
other Hollow Bodies.
I, RUDOLF BUNGEROTH, of 1b Ewaldstrasse, Remscheid, in the German
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with the manufacture
of tubes and other hollow bodies.
According to this invention a heated block, or the material to be worked in a
plastic condition, is introduced into a mould and is then perforated or made hollow
by means of a punch or ram and a suitable anvil in such a manner that during
the first part of the operation the hole is made when the anvil remains fixed in
position, the material being forced to flow into the space formed between the
outside of the punch or ram and the inside of the mould, whilst towards the end
of the operation the ram finishes the tube or forms the hole or perforation in the
end of the hollow body by the yielding of the said anvil. The punch or ram is
then removed whilst the tube or hollow body thus formed remains in position in
the mould through friction until it is forced out by suitable means.
The invention is more particularly applicable to the manufacture of tubes from
heated blocks of metal, but may also be employed for the manufacture of hollow
bodies from cold plastic materials.
To enable the invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawing, in which :-
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 are sections illustrating various stages in the manufacture
of tubes according to my invention:

page_text: Figures and o shew details; and,
Figures 7 and 8 are views of two modifications.
:
As shewn in Figure 1 the mould is formed of a hollow body a provided in the
interior with a collar or ring 6 the internal diameter of which corresponds to the.
inside diameter of the tube or the like to be manufactured.
The mould a and the collar 6 are supported on a slide d adapted to be suitably
moved in the frame of the press.
When a block of material is introduced into the mould a, as shewn in Figure 1,
the anvil or bar g is passed into the collar or ring 6 through a hole in the slide so
as to form with the front end of the same the bottom end of the mould. The
ram h is then introduced into the other end of the mould in the direction of the
arrow, Figure 1, and as the anvil or bar g remains fixed in position the movement
of the ram into the mould causes a recess or hole to be formed in the block f of
material which flows into and fills the space between the ram h and the mould as
shewn in Figure 2.
Towards the end of the above operation the portion of the metal or other
material which is left between the ram and the anvil or bar g is forced out by
the ram by allowing the said anvil or bar g to yield or move backwards out of the
collar as shewn in Figure 3.
The ram h is then withdrawn from the mould and the finished tube is forced out
from the latter by means of the tool k or by the bar g which, for this purpose, is
fitted with a ring, as shewn in dotted lines in Figure 4, to bring it to the right
diameter, i.e. the diameter of the inside of the mould. To allow of the tube being
thus forced out of the mould the position of the slide d is shifted so that the
collar 6 comes opposite a larger hole or opening in the same than that through
which the anvil or bar g is passed during the operation.
Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the two positions of the slide d. In Figure 5 the
slide is in the position which it occupies in Figures 2 and 3 in which the axis of
the mould is opposite the smaller hole or opening, thereby permitting the passage
of the bar g but not that of the collar b.
In Figures 1 and 6 the opening in the mould is opposite the larger of the two
holes or openings so as to permit of the passage of the collar b. In this position
of the slide the collar b can be introduced into the mould by means of the bar g
provided with its collar so that when the said slide is shifted from the position
shewn in Figure 6 to that shewn in Figure 5 the collar 6 is held in its operative
position.
As shewn in Figures 5 and 6 the two boles or openings in the slide d are made
to run into one another or continuous so that the slide can be moved whilst the
anvil or bar g is in its operative position.
For the purpose of manufacturing hollow bodies with a perforated bottom or
end, the collar 6 is made of a correspondingly smaller internal diameter, the rod g
being also reduced in diameter to the required. extent.
Figure 7 illustrates the manufacture of such a perforated tube. The ram his
provided at its end with a pin h' to form the perforation in the bottom or end of
the tube.
The above described apparatus possesses many advantages over existing
apparatus for the manufacture of tubes and hollow bodies, amongst which may be
mentioned the following, namely, that the block to be perforated and the collar b
can be introduced into the mould by means of the anvil or bar g which, when
employing heated blocks, is of very great importance as the introduction of the
same can be effected in the quickest possible time. If cold material be employed
the arrangement can be simplified by combining the collar b with the slide as
shewn in Figure 8. The slide d is provided in this case with two separate orifices
or holes, the diameter of one of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the
tube or body to be formed, whilst the second orifice or hole is of sufficient size
either to allow the manufactured tube or hollow body to be forced out of the

page_text: mould in the above described manner or to allow the tool k to be passed through
the mould.
Instead of, as in the preceding modification, causing the slide d to be movable it
may be made fixed, in which case the mould a must be made movable on the fixed
part d, Figure 8.
It will be obvious that several moulds can be combined so as to revolve around
a common axis arranged parallel to the axis of the moulds in which case each
mould is brought in turn opposite to the holes in the fixed part or body d, thereby
permitting the manufacture and ejection of hollow bodies or tubes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. Improvements in the manufacture of tubes, or hollow bodies with perforated
enda, by pressure, the said improvements consisting in finishing the tube or in
perforating the end of the hollow body by means of an anvil or bar which yields
or moves backwards, the said bar corresponding in cross section to the internal
cross section of the tube or perforation in the bottom, substantially as described.
2. Improvements in the manufacture of tubes or hollow bodies of the kind
described in Claim 1 in which, for the purpose of quickly introducing the material
into the mould, a collar (b) is employed, the said collar being introduced into the
mould by the bar (9) and during the manufacture of the tube or hollow body
resting against a slide (d) having two holes or openings of different diameter,
running into one another, which holes permit the finished tube or hollow body and
the said collar to be ejected from the mould, substantially as described.
Dated the 17th day of September .1896.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4 South Street, Fiusbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.