IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOLLERS BOILE
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and Company,
Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOLLERS." A communication from
abroad by Isaac Barton, of Williamsport, State of Pennsylvania, United States
of America.
Sealed the 24th November 1876, and dated the 29th May 1876
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1870.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patents Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM BOILERS." A communication from abroad by Isaac Barton, of Williamsport,
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
The improvements consist in economizing material and space, also fuel by tho
use of two semi-shells, figure 8 shaped, placed vertically one over the other so as to
get a large waterway and steam room with only a limited length of boiler or
diameter of shell. Also in forming the feed water heater between said shells
annular shape and surrounding the sides of the fire-box. Also in deflecting down-
wards the crown sheet, thereby placing it under tensile strain and so securing its
maximum of utility; and further in the formation of the fire-box in compartments
with water chambers and inlet to the same. Lastly, in forming the feed water pipe
along the bottom of the boiler connected with the waterway with several inlets so
as to allow of the sediment in the boiler to be drawn off from various parts.
The improvements can be performed by making the various parts of metal and
the boiler of a lower and upper section, the lower with an interior shell to form the
sides of the fire-box, and filled with tubes, as also the upper shell, and between the
shells, forming an annular waterway through which the feed water may pass to
the other parts of the boiler, and wherein it becomes heated. The crown sheet is
deflected downward over the fire-box, and is rivetted thereto, thereby insuring
great strength to this part of the boiler. The fire-box is divided into two or more
compartiments by the introduction of vertical diaphragms of boiler plate holding
water chambers between them. The feed water pipe is placed longitudinally along
the bottom of the boiler and connected with the waterway by several inlets, one
end being provided with a coupling by means of which it is attached and to which
a pump may be applied to draw off the sediment.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th Noveinber
1876.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM BOILERS." A communication from abroad by Isaac Barton, of Williamsport,
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
This Invention has for its object an improved construction of a steam boiler so as
to economize space and material in the construction of the boiler, weight of metal,
fuel, floor space occupied by the boiler, and at the same time have the boiler use the
minimum of fuel when in operation.
The nature of the Invention consists in constructing two semi-shells somewhat in
the form of a figure 8, so as to get a large waterway and steam room with only a
limited length of boiler or diameter of shell.
The Invention also relates to improved arrangement of the feed water heater,
crown sheet, construction of fire-box, and inlet to the same, and feed water pipe.
The
The Invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying
Drawings, of which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved boiler.
Fig. 2. is a transverse section of the same. Fig. 3 is another longitudinal sectional
view of my improved boiler, showing a modification of the same. Fig. 4 is a
sectional view of Fig. 3. The boiler proper is formed of two semi-shells A, B,
attached together somewhat in the form of a figure 8, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4.
This form will increase the height of the boiler, its cubical contents and capacity
for power with only a limited length and diameter of shell, while the peculiar form
is conducive the maximum of strength with the minimum of material.
lower section A of the boiler has an interior shell A' which forms the sides of the
fire-box, and between the shells A and A' is a sectional annular waterway D
through which the feed water passes to the other parts of the boiler and wherein
it becomes heated. The top edges of plates of the shell A' are riveted to the
edges of the crown sheet E, as shown in Fig. 2, and this construction permits this
row of rivets to be examined or repaired from the inside of the boiler without
inconvenience. The crown sheet E is deflected downward over the fire-box, and
this form of construction insures great strength to this most important part of the
boiler by placing the crown sheet under tensile strain and so securing its maximum
of utility. The rear end e of the crown sheet is two or three inches (more or less)
lower than the front end e¹ so as to prevent sediment from lodging on the crown
sheet. The man holes F afford means of access to the interior parts of the boiler in
the usual manner. A series of tubes G pass through shells A and A¹ and the feed
waterway D for the purpose of conveying atmospheric air from the exterior of the
boiler to the interior of the fire-box H and the combustion chamber I so as to
support combustion in the fire-box H and also to aid in the combustion of inflam-
mable gases in the combustion chamber I, which is separated from the fire-box by
the bridge wall J. The bridge wall J may be built of fire-brick or of boiler plates
connecting the two side walls A', and form a hollow vessel through which the water
will pass from one side of the heater D to the other. The outer ends of the tubes G
are covered by a moving slide G¹ so arranged as to permit the attendant to regulate
at will the flow of air to the fire-box and combustion chamber. The grate bars K
extend from the bridge wall J to the front of the boiler. The fire-box may be
divided into two or more compartments for large boilers by the introduction of
vertical diaphragms which should be formed of boiler plates similar to A¹ and hold
between them a water chamber similar to D. The lower shell A behind the fire-box
is filled with tubes a, and the upper shell B is filled with tubes b. At the back end
of the boiler is a smoke return box L, which receives the smoke from the flues & and
sends it back through the flues b to the breech M at the front end of the shell B
from whence it passes up to the smoke stack. The smoke box L and the breech M

page_text: are respectively accessible through the doors l, m. Side doors in the lower part of
the shell A give access to that part of the boiler for the purpose of cleansing it.
The feed water pipe O lies longitudinally along the bottom part of the boiler and is
connected with the waterway D by several inlets o, o. One end of the feed water
pipe is provided with a coupling o¹ by means of which it is attached to the feed
water pump, not shown, and the other end of the said pipe O is provided with a
coupling of by means of which it is attached to the blow-off pipe, not shown. By
having several of the inlets o from the pipe O to the boiler the feed pump may be
operated at the same time that the blow-off cock is open, and the sediment will also
be removed from several parts of the bottom of the boiler with equal facility.
I will now proceed to describe my Invention as modified and simplified and
shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The shell of the boiler is formed in a similar manner, as
above, of two segments of cylinders A¹, B¹, as shown in Fig. 3. The top part A¹
and the bottom part B¹ are joined together somewhat in the form of a figure 8, as
shown in Fig. 4. This construction gives to the metal plates forming each part of
the shell the forin of greatest strength, as the metal in each part of the convex side
of A¹ and B' will be used in tension, while in that part of the sides of the boiler
which is formed concavely (on the outside) the formation of the parts is such as to
permit the disposition of inside strengthening bolts, so as to secure the requisite
strength in that part of the boiler. As the boiler has greater height than width,
the fuel and heat are much economized over the ordinary cylindrical form of boiler,
because the heat applied to the bottom part of the boiler may be utilized by being
passed back through the top part of the boiler permitting the utilization of the
eat. In each of the concave sides of the boiler I place a tube C¹, which is connected
with the top part A¹ by the tubes c through which the steam generated in the
tubes C¹ rises to the top part of the boiler. The tubes C¹ are to be filled with
water, as are also the tubes c. The whole boiler A', B', C', is set in masonry, and
consequently the tubes C¹ will be in a very hot part of the enclosure, and they may
be used for the feed water inlets or heaters. The bottom part of the boiler has
flues D, and the top part has flues D". Manholes E¹ in suitable locations furnish
access to the boiler in the usual manner. The furnace F has doors f¹, f", f³, in the
side of the casing so as to allow a greater length of grate surface than could be
easily fed from the end of the boiler. This increase of length of grate surface can
be conveniently and profitably used for cokeing the coal before it is thrown on
to the incandescent fuel, and thereby the smoke and gases are very effectually
consumed. From the furnace F¹ the smoke and hot gases pass over the bridge
wall G¹ through the hot chamber H¹ which lies below the rear end of the boiler,
and thence into the hot chambers at the sides of the boiler, and then to the hot
chamber K¹ at the rear end of the boiler from which the sinoke and hot gases pass
through the flues D' and D into the smoke box L' at the front end of the boiler,
from whence they pass up through the smoke stack M. By having the boiler set
with chambers at its sides and between it and the enclosing masonry the heat from
the furnace is permitted to envelope the boiler very nearly and room is afforded for
the introduction of the auxiliary tubes C¹. Doors and l' afford the means of
access respectively to the chambers K¹ and L¹ for cleaning and other purposes.
Having thus described my Invention I desire to claim-
1st. The horizontal tubular boiler formed of two semi-shells A, B, placed one
vertically over the other so as to form a single boiler shell as and for the purpose
set forth.
2nd. I claim the shell A constructed with a sectional annular waterway D
surrounding the sides of the fire-box for heating the feed water, as and for the
purpose set forth.
3rd. I claim the convex crown sheet E riveted to the top edges of the side plates A'
of the fire-box so as to deflect downward over the firo-box in such a form as to insure
the required strength with the least material as and for the purpose set forth.
4th. I claim the convex crown sheet E arranged with its rear end e two or three
inches, more or less, lower than its front end e¹ so as to cause the removal from it,

page_text: by the action of the water within the boiler of any sediment which would otherwise
lodge therein substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5th. I claim the tubes G and their covering slides G¹ so as to form a regulated
passage for atmospheric air to the fuel in the fire-box, and the combustible gases in
the combustion chamber as and for the purpose set forth.
6th. I claim the arrangement of the feed blow-off pipe O longitudinally below
the bottom of the boiler and connected with the boiler by several inlets o so as to
draw off the sediment from different parts of the boiler and having one of its ends
provided with a coupling o¹ for connection with the feed water pump, and its other
end provided with a coupling o² for the blow-off cock as and for the purpose set
forth.
7th. I claim the boiler A¹, B', constructed of two segments of cylinders joined
together somewhat in the form of a fig. 8, as described, and having auxiliary
tubes C¹ connected with the main part of the boiler by the tubes c¹ substantially as
described and for the purpose set forth.
8th. I claim the arrangement of the boiler A¹, B¹, C¹, with its heating furnace F¹
and hot air chambers I', K', substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
H. J. HADDAN. (L.S.)