IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Bainbridge, of St. Paul's Church-
yard, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATORS."
Sealed the 12th January 1864, and dated the 21st July 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Bainbridge
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st July 1863.
I, EDWARD THOMAS BAINBRIDGE, of St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City
of London, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN VENTILATORS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ventilators. For this
purpose I employ an instrument such as is shown in the annexed Drawings.
Figure 1 is a front view, and Figure 2 a side view of the instrument;
Figure 3 is a transverse section taken at the line 1, 1, Figure 1.
On
a is an axis mounted with suitable bearings or supports, and driven by n
strap passing around a pulley a' upon it, or in other convenient manner.
the axis a are fixed blades or vanes b, and it is the peculiar form given to
these blades or vanes, and which the Drawing clearly shows, that constitutes

page_text: the novel feature of my Invention. It will be remarked that the cige b¹ of
each blade or vane is turned up so as to come parallel with the nxis; it is at
this edge that the air is thrown off from the blade or vane, and the shape of
this edge causes the air to leave the blade or vane in a direction parallel to
the axis.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Thomas Bainbridge in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 21st January 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS BAINBRIDGE, of St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Пer Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Ber heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Thomas Bainbridge, Her special licence that I, the said
Edward Thomas Bainbridge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Edward Thomas Bainbridge, my executors, adini-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Edward Thomas Bainbridge, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their bands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Pater.t.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Bainbridge, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ventilators. For this
purpose I employ an instrument such as is shown in the annexed Drawings.

page_text: Figure 1 is a front view, and Figure 2 a side view of the instrument;
Figure 3 is a transverse section taken at the line 1, 1, Figure 1.
a is an axis mounted in suitable bearings or supports; if preferred, it may
be mounted upon frictional rollers. This axis a is driven by a strap or band
passing around the pulley a' upon it, or in other convenient manner. On
the axis a are fixed blades or vanes b, and it is the peculiar form given to
these blades or vanes, and which the Drawing clearly shows, that constitutes
the novel feature of my Invention. It will be remarked, by reference to
Figure 3, that the blades or vanes are so curved that the edge b' comes
parallel with the axis, by which means, when rotary motion is given to the
apparatus, the air is caused to impinge upon the blades in the direction of the
arrow c, and following the curve given to the blades the air is caused to leave
them in the direction of the arrow d, or parallel to the axis; the blades or
vanes 6 may, in addition to being curved, as shown by Figure 3, be curved
forwards from their junction with the axis, as shown at Figures 4 and 5, in
order to prevent as much as possible the air being thrown outwards from the
centre by centrifugal force, which would otherwise take place; and although I
have only shown four of such blades or vanes a greater or smaller number of
such vanes may be employed. The apparatus may be placed in any position
desired, and may be caused to exhaust or supply air for ventilating.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, I would have it
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details shown and
described; but what I do claim is giving to the blades or vanes of a ventilator
a form such as herein shown and described, so that the air shall be caused to
leave them in a direction parallel to the axis.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Bainbridge, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
EDW. T. BAINBRIDGE. (L.s.)