IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: . LETTERS PATENT to James Darling, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Bookkeeper, and Henry Spencer, of Rochdale.
in the County of Lancaster, Manager, for the Invention of.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 28th June 1853, and dated the 28th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Darling and
Henry Spencer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 28th December 1852.
We, JAMES DARLING and HENRY SPENCER, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES" to be as follows:-
-
Our improvements relate, firstly, to the drawing frame, and con-
sist in the adaptation thereto of apparatus for causing the material
to travel backward and forward along the rollers as it is passed
between them.
Secondly, our improvements consist in the application of separate
pieces, constituting bushes to the "saddles" of preparing and

page_text: spinning machinery, such pieces being capable of removal so as to be
renewed at pleasure.
Thirdly, in the application of a spring or other yielding apparatus
to the guide wires of spinning frames, so as to allow them to recede
or advance, according to the drag of the yarn.
Fourthly, in the application of eyes of any suitable material,
placed within the legs of flyers instead of the curl now employed,
such eyes being capable of removal so as to renew them when
necessary.
Fifthly, our Invention relates to the bobbins of preparing and
spinning machinery, and has for its object the formation of thinner
flanges than those of wood now employed, by which means we are
enabled to gain a greater length of lift for the same length of
bobbin than is now obtained. This we accomplish by forming the
flanges of metal, horn, bone, or other suitable substance capable
of being applied comparatively thin.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said James Darling and Henry Spencer
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
JAMES DARLING, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Book-
keeper, and HENRY SPENCER, of Rochdale, in the County of Lan-
caster, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two,
in the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said James Darling and
Henry Spencer, Her special license that we, the said James Darling
and Henry Spencer, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said James Darling and Henry Spencer,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree

page_text: with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention "for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said James Darling and Henry Spencer, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand
and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Darling and Henry
Spencer, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, and
accompanying Drawing (that is to say):
Our improvements consist, firstly, in the application of separate
pieces constituting bushes to the saddles or other such parts used
for carrying the roller weights of preparing and spinning machinery,
such pieces being capable of removal, so as to be renewed at
pleasure.
Secondly, in the application of a spring or other yielding appa-
ratus to the guide wires of spinning machines, so as to allow them
to recede or advance according to the drag of the yarn.
Thirdly, in the application of eyes of any suitable material placed
within the legs of flyers, instead of employing the bare curl as now
practised, such eyes being capable of removal so as to renew thein
when necessary.
Fourthly, our Invention relates to bobbins of preparing and spin-
ning machinery, and has for its object the formation of thinner
flanges than those of wood now employed, by which means we
are enabled to gain a greater length of lift for the same length
of bobbin than is now practicable. This we accomplish by forming

page_text: the flanges of metal, horn, bone, or other suitable substance capable
of being applied comparatively thin.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, we
will proceed to describe the several Figures of the Sheet of Draw-
ings accompanying this our Specification.
Fig. 1, is an edge view of a "saddle" constructed according
to our improvement. Within the recess, which partly encircles
the roller, we apply a loose piece a, of metal, glass, or other
suitable substance, resting upon projections b, formed on the sad-
dle; and in order to keep the piece a, in its proper position, we
adapt a tightening screw c, for which the upper part of the saddle
is tapped. Fig. 2, is an edge view of another form of "saddle,"
with the loose piece adapted in a different manner; and Fig. 3, is a
horizontal section thereof. In this instance the sides b, of the
saddle are of a V shape, the loose piece a, being formed with cor-
responding cavities, so as to slide upward to the position shewn in
the Drawing. Through the upper part of the "saddle," and through
the piece a, is formed a hole d, for the passage of lubricating
material. The loose pieces a, are thus, it will be seen, the parts
which are pressed by the weights upon the rollers, and as they
become worn away may readily be removed and filed true, or fresh
ones adapted in their places. Our second improvement is shewn at
Fig. 4, in which j, represents the guide board of a throstle frame.
Within this is formed a recess, in which is placed a spiral spring e,
one end thereof bearing against the back end of the recess, and the
other against a collar f, formed upon the guide wire g; the tendency,
therefore, is to force the guide wire outward; but this is prevented
when no inward pressure is exerted by a plate h, on the front of
the board a. At the back part of the recess in which the spring is
placed is a cavity i, in which the guide wire is capable of moving
back. It will be perceived, that by this arrangement the guide wire
is at liberty to move inward or outward, according to the drag of
the yarn. Our third improvement is shewn at Fig. 5, 6, and 7.
Fig. 5, is a side elevation of a throstle flyer. According to the modi-
fication of our improvement there shewn, the lower part of the leg,

page_text: instead of being curled as usual, is bent round with a flattened
portion at k, and within the curved part thus formed is adapted an
eye 7, of glazed porcelain, glass, hard metal, or other substance,
attached to the flattened portion k, by shell-lac, or other cement or
suitable substance. The eye l, is not continuous, but is furnished
with a slot at m, through which the yarn may be introduced. In
the modification shewn at Fig. 6, and 7, the part or eye against
which the yarn acts is placed within a turned up portion of the
flyer. For this purpose we form the part n, n, hollow, and place
within it a piece of glass, porcelain, or other material o. In order to
expose the surface of which to the action of the yarn, one side of
the part n, n, is cut away, as shewn in the Drawing, a thin piece p,
only being left at the back, in order to connect the parts n, n. The
piece o, may be placed in its recess with cement, and when worn or
broken may be renewed. Instead of the precise arrangement last
described, we sometimes form the parts n, n, by turning up the leg
of the flyer, and slip on the outside thereof a tube of glass, porce-
lain, or other material, instead of placing it within. The fourth
part of our Invention is shewn at Fig. 8, and 9. Fig. 8, represents
in section a throstle bobbin, the bottom flange of which is of the
ordinary construction; at the upper part, however, a recess is formed,
within which is placed a short tube q, the top thereof being pro-
vided with a flange r, of thin metal, horn, bone, or other substance
capable of being made of sufficient strength without the necessary
thickness of wood, and within is adapted the usual box wood
bush s. This flange occupying less vertical space than that of the
ordinary construction, it is evident that a greater lift for the same
length of bobbin may be obtained, and consequently the flyer may
be decreased in proportion. Fig. 9, represents our improvement as
applied to the bottom as well as the top flange. We have shewn a
certain method of adapting our improved flanges, but it will be
evident that they may be applied to bobbins of preparing and spin-
ning machinery by many means.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed.

page_text: the desire it to be understood that we claim as secured to us
under the above in part recited Letters Patent,
-
Firstly, the application of separate bushes to the "saddles" or
other parts for carrying the roller weights of preparing and spin-
ning machinery, capable of removal at pleasure.
Secondly, the application of a spring or other yielding elastic
part to the guide wires of spinning machines.
Thirdly, the application to flyers of an eye or part against which
the yarn acts, of porcelain, glass, or other material, such part being
capable of renewal at pleasure.
Fourthly, making the flanges of bobbins used in preparing and
spinning machinery of metal, horn, bone, or other material capable
of being used thinner than the wooden flanges now employed.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Darling, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
three.
JAMES DARLING. (L.S.)