Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILHELM LORENZ of Kaiserstreet 61 at Karlsruhe in the Grand Duchy of
Baden, Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention has for its object an improved construction of bearings for
shafting whereby the following advantages are gained.
Firstly the difficulties arising from the necessity of accurately fitting bearings to
the axial line of the shafting and of so arranging the bearings that the shafting
may be readily introduced and removed, are obviated, the construction of my
improved bearing being such that it adjusts itself automatically to the axis of the
shaft, and that the latter can be easily introduced and removed; and secondly
the bearing is of a very simple and inexpensive construction requiring no fitting-
labour beyond boring out the brasses and the cutting of a screw bolt.
The invention consists in mounting a pair of brasses in a bracket in such
manner that the lower brass rests with a central rounded stud or projection in
correspondingly concavely rounded recess in the bracket, which is provided with
a lateral arm curving over the upper brass and having a setting screw screwing
through it that bears with a pointed end on the centre of the upper brass. Thus
the shaft can be readily introduced laterally into the lower brass, whereupon the
latter will at once adjust itself automatically, both in the horizontal and in the
vertical direction, to the axial line of the shaft, so that on their fitting on the upper
brass and screwing the setting screw down so as to hold it down on the shaft, the
bearing will be secured accurately in position without requiring any further fitting,
the bracket, whether of pedestal, hanging, or other construction, being, if necessary,
merely packed with wood in order to bring it to the proper level..
For removing the shaft from the bearing, the setting screw is simply screwed
back sufficiently to allow of the removal of the upper brass. The outer surfaces of
the middle parts of both brasses are formed spherical, and the lower brass fits with
such spherical surface within a corresponding spherical hollow in the bracket, but
with sufficient play between them to allow of the before mentioned adjustment of
the brass upon its stud. The upper brass also fits with a small portion of its
spherical surface on each side into a corresponding hollow of the arm of the bracket
on the one side, and into a part of the bracket on the other side that projects
sufficiently above the centre line of the shaft for this purpose. The meeting

page_text: surfaces of the two brasses are made to incline downwards somewhat towards the
shaft in a lateral direction instead of being horizontal as usual, in order to prevent
the lateral escape of the lubricant. At the ends of the lower brass are formed
small downward projections constituting drips for the lubricant that escapes at the
ends, and which drips into a cup formed or fixed on the base or underside of the
bracket. The setting screw of the upper brass is bored longitudinal and has its
head recessed for the reception of the oil cup, and the upper brass has a corre-
sponding oil passage leading to the shaft. The bracket is formed of a T or H shaped
cross section so as to act as a cantilever affording the necessary strength with the
minimum amount of material in its flanges in taking the upward strains transmitted
to it through the setting screw of the upper brass, in the case of a pedestal
bracket, or for taking the downward pressure of the shaft in the case of a hanging
bracket.
ABEL & IMRAY,.
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Construction of Bearings for Shafting.
I, WILHELM LORENZ of Kaiserstreet 61 at Karlsruhe in the Grand Duchy of
Baden, Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention has for its object an improved construction of bearings for
shafting whereby the following advantages are gained.
Firstly the difficulties arising from the necessity of accurately fitting bearings
to the axial line of the shafting and of so arranging the bearings that the shafting
may be readily introduced and removed, are obviated, the construction of my
improved bearing being such that it adjusts itself automatically to the axis of the
shaft, and that the latter can be easily introduced and removed; and secondly the
bearing is of a very simple and inexpensive construction requiring no fitting-labour
beyond boring out the brasses, and the cutting of a screw box.
"
The invention consists in mounting a pair of brasses" in a bracket in such
manner that the lower brass rests with a central rounded stud or projection in
correspondingly concavely rounded recess in the bracket, which is provided with
a lateral arm curving over the upper brass and having a setting screw screwing
through it that bears with a pointed end on the centre of the upper brass. Thus
the shaft can be readily introduced laterally into the lower brass, whereupon the

page_text: latter will at once adjust itself automatically, both in the horizontal and in the
vertical direction, to the axial line of the shaft, so that on their fitting on the upper
brass and screwing the setting screw down so as to hold it down on the shaft,
the bearing will be secured accurately in position without requiring any further
fitting, the bracket, whether of pedestal, hanging, or other construction, being, if
necessary, merely packed with wood in order to bring it to the proper level.
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings shew respectively front and side
views of one arrangement of the before described improved bearing applied as
a pedestal bearing. It consists of four essential parts, namely; the bracket A, the
upper and lower brasses B and B¹ and the setting screw C; there is no cap to the
bearing. It will be seen that the only actually necessary fitting work to the same
consists in turning out the brasses B B¹ and the fitting of the screw C; no other
part requires to be touched, care being taken that a certain amount of play 8 is
allowed between the spherically shaped outer surfaces of the "brasses" (which
may be of cast iron) and the correspondingly formed concave surfaces of the
bracket A, so that the former may be free to adjust their position in the latter
within certain limits, the brasses being supported in the bracket by means of
the rounded stud b, resting in the somewhat larger rounded recess of the bracket,
so that the shaft is practically only carried by such rounded stud, and can, in
consequence of the above described arrangement of the parts, adjust its position
automatically in the bearing while always running accurately in the brasses.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 shew. by way of example how such adjustment is effected,
Fig. 5 shewing by dotted lines how the brasses will adjust themselves to the shaft
when this is out of the vertical axial line of the bearing, while Figs. 6 and 7 shew
the adjustment when the shaft is out of both the vertical and horizontal axial
lines of the bearing, the deviations of the brasses being possible within any point
of a circle, whose radius is equal to 8.
The position of the brasses having thus been adjusted to that of the shaft, the
upper brass B' is then secured down by means of the setting screw C, as shewn,
any longitudinal shifting thereof being also prevented by the spherical outer
surface of the brass fitting into the hollow inner surface on each side of the bracket,
the side opposite the extended arm a of the latter being for this purpose extended
upward slightly above the top of the lower brass.
The base plate h of the bracket may either be flush on its underside, or it may
be provided with chipping pieces; it is however not fitted in any way, any
inequalities being made good by placing pieces of wood or other material under-
neath it, and these may also serve to adjust the bearing to the proper height.
The setting screw C, screwed through the overhanging arm a of the bracket will
transmit any upward pressure exercised by the shaft to the arın a, and this is
constructed of a T shaped section, acting as a cantilever to resist such strain in
the most effective manner; thus the tensional strain is taken mostly by the large
flange c thereof and the compression strain by the proportionately smaller outer
flange e, whereby economy of material and lightness of the bearing are insured.
This beneficial distribution of the metal will also be of advantage where lateral
strain occurs, as the T shaped section almost entirely surrounds the shaft.
The arm a is made of sufficient height to leave a space between it and the
opposite side of the bracket, greater than the diameter of the shaft, so that when
the screw C is withdrawn somewhat and the brass B¹ is removed, the shaft can be
lifted laterally out of the bearing, which in many cases will greatly facilitate
repairs.
The screw C has a passage bored longitudinally through it and has a recess nt
top for receiving the oil cup D Figs. 3 and 4, from which the oil passes through a
small copper tube on to the shaft. In order to prevent the escape of oil laterally
from between the brasses, the meeting edges of these are by preference made to
incline upwards towards the outside. At the ends of the brasses are provided
drips f, g, for leading the oil that escapes at the ends down into the cup shaped
base h.

page_text: The above described improved bearings may be employed either as pedestal
bearings as at Figs. 1 and 2, or as hanging bearings as at Figs. 3, 4 or as bracket
bearings of any desired form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
"
1. Constructing bearings for shafting, the lower "brass or support B of which
rests with a projecting rounded stud b at its centre upon the bracket A, in which it
has sufficient freedom of motion to adjust itself automatically within certain limits
to the axial line of the shaft, substantially as herein described.
2. In combination with bearings such as are referred to in the preceding claim,
the use of an upper brass B serving as dust cap secured by means of a screw C, so
that on screwing back the latter, the cap can be removed and the shaft lifted out
of the bearing.
3. The arrangements of the bearings referred to in the preceding, claims in
brackets, that have an opening on one side so that the shaft can be moved laterally
in or out of the same,