IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AERATED OR OTHER LIQUIDS, AND IN CLOSING OR STOPPING THE SAME AND EXTRACTING THE LIQUIDS THEREFROM, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Tallis, Wine Merchant, and Elias Cave,
Aerated Water Manufacturer, both of the Parish of Saint Helier,
in the Island of Jersey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AERATED OR OTHER LIQUIDS, AND IN CLOSING OR
STOPPING THE SAME AND EXTRACTING THE LIQUIDS THEREFROM, AND IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Tallis and
Elias Cave at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd March 1875.
We, CHARLES TALLIS, Wine Merchant, and ELIAS CAVE, Aerated
Water Manufacturer, both of the Parish of Saint Helier, in the Island
of Jersey, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for
" IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AERATED OR OTHER LIQUIDS, AND
IN CLOSING OR STOPPING THE SAME AND EXTRACTING THE LIQUIDS THEREFROM,
AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to that class of apparatus for closing or stopping
bottles for containing aerated or other liquids wherein the liquid is

page_text: retained by a disc, flange, or ball of india-rubber or other elastic or
flexible material bearing or pressing against an internal shoulder in the
upper part of the bottle, and is released by the act of depressing the
stopper, and it consists more particularly in the employment of an
improved stopper, and in the combination with the stopper of a peculiar
shaped bottle, whereby the defects to which apparatus of this class are
liable are obviated, and increased facility is afforded for extracting the
liquid from the bottle.
In carrying out our Invention we construct the bottle with an
additional opening on one side of the neck, through which additional
opening, which has an upward direction, and is so finished outwardly as
The mouth
to form a jet or spout, the liquid is extracted or poured out.
of the bottle is closed by a permanent plug of cork, india-rubber, or
other suitable material, having an aperture therein for the reception of a
spindle (composed of glass, wood, pottery, or other suitable substance),
which is fitted so as to be capable of sliding through the plug. The
spindle carries at its lower end the disc, flange, or ball of india-rubber or
other suitable elastic or flexible material, whilst its upper end is provided
with a projection or stud for the convenience of manipulating the
stopper.
In filling the bottle the liquid is introduced through the aperture at
the side, the projection or stud being depressed so as to cause the
spinde to slide through the plug and maintain the disc, flange, or ball
clear or out of contact with the internal shoulder. When the bottle is
full and the pressure is removed from the projection or stud the force of
the gas in the case of aerated liquids presses the disc, flange, or ball into
its place in contact with the internal shoulder, but when used for
non-elastic liquids the disc, flange, or ball may be drawn up by hand
or otherwise, whereby the contents of the bottle will be securely
retained.
When it is required to extract or pour out the liquid from the bottle
it is simply necessary to depress the spindle, which has the effect of
forcing the disc, flange, or ball away from or out of contact with the
internal shoulder, when the liquid will flow from the side aperture, the
operation being performed by the simple act of sliding the stopper.
By the use of our Invention all special apparatus for opening the
bottle is dispensed with, the stopper being its own opener.

page_text: The whole of the contents may be poured out at once; or, by sliding
the stopper a portion only, leaving the remainder for future use. The
stopper is not allowed to fall into the liquid, carrying with it any
impurities it may have accumulated. This is a great advantage, as
experience indicates that there is a decided objection to an unnecessary
and possibly unclean substance being washed or rinsed in liquids to be
drunk. The stopper being suspended in the neck and no foreign body
being allowed to fall into the liquid there is not (in the case of aerated
or gaseous liquids) any violent ebullition or disengagement and loss of
gas in emptying; neither is there jingling or rattling when empty to
cause actual breakage of the bottle or to "star" it, so as to render it
incapable of sustaining the pressure to which it is subjected in filling.
On the contrary, the wear and tear in our combined stopper and bottle
is reduced to a minimum, while the act of emptying leaves the stopper
(without further manipulation) in the exact position required either for
washing or refilling.
For filling our improved bottles we propose to employ apparatus
constructed in the following manner, viz.:-The stud on the spindle of
the stopper is maintained in a depressed condition by means of a screw
spindle having an enlarged end, which spindle works through a stuffed
chamber or stuffing box in a suitable frame, and is provided with a
handle or other means for operating it. A mouth-piece composed of
metal or other suitable material and containing an india-rubber or other
convenient packing ring is employed in order to form a tight joint on
the bottle. The liquid supply pipe, which is fitted on to the side opening
so as to form an air-tight joint therewith, is provided with a waste pipe
and with a syrup pump or injector having suitable valves and gear, and
also towards its outer end with a supply tap.
The bottle is raised into position for filling by a treddle or other
similar means, and a wedge may be introduced between the frame and
the bottle or the treddle may be caused to act obliquely, or any other
suitable device may be employed so as to impart the lateral or side action
to the bottle which is necessary to form an air-tight joint with the
supply pipe, the other parts being arranged so as to admit of such lateral
or side action.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Tallis and Elias Cavo in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 1st September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
TALLIS, Wine Merchant, and ELIAS CAVE, Aërated Water Manufacturer,
both of the Parish of Saint Helier, in the Island of Jersey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the 38th
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, tho said Charles Tallis and Elias Cave, Her special
license, that we, the said Charles Tallis and Elias Cave, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Tallis
and Elias Cave, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
hereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR OTHER
LIQUIDS, AND IN CLOSING OR STOPPING THE SAME AND EXTRACTING THE LIQUIDS
THEREFROM, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FILLING SUCH BOTTLES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Charles Tallis and
Elias Cave, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Tallis and Elias Cave,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :—
Our said Invention relates to that class of apparatus for closing or

page_text: in their position on the reduced end e¹ of the spindle e by means of the
nut i, the washers h, h¹, and nut i being also composed of earthenware,
if desired, so to have no deleterious action upon the liquid to be con-
tained in the bottle.
In filling the bottle A the liquid is introduced through the nozzle or
spout c and aperture a at the side, the projection or stud g being
depressed so as to cause the spindle e to slide through the plug d, and
maintain the disc or flange ƒ clear or out of contact with the internal
shoulder k. When the bottle is full and the pressure is removed from
the projection or stud g the force of the gas in the case of aërated liquids
presses the disc or flang f into its place in contact with the internal
shoulder k, but when used for non-elastic liquids the disc or flange ƒ may
be drawn up by hand, or otherwise.
By the use of our Invention all special apparatus for opening the
bottle is dispensed with, the stopper being its own opener.
The whole of the contents may be poured out at once, or by sliding
the stopper a portion only, leaving the remainder for future usc. The
stopper is not allowed to fall into the liquid to carry with it any
impurities it may have accumulated, which is a great advantage, as
experience indicates that there is a decided objection to an unnecessary
and possibly unclean substance being washed or rinsed in liquids to be
drunk. The stopper being suspended in the neck and no foreign body
being allowed to fall into the liquid there is not in opening (in the case
of aërated or gaseous liquors) any violent ebullition or disengagement
and loss of gas; neither is there jingling or rattling when empty to
cause actual breakage of the bottle, or to "star" it so as to render it
incapable of sustaining the pressure to which all bottles containing
aërated liquids are subjected in filling. On the contrary, the wear and
tear in our combined stopper and bottle is reduced to a minimum, while
the act of emptying leaves the stopper (without further manipulation) in
the exact position required either for washing or refilling.
Figures 2 and 3 represent the apparatus which we employ in filling
our improved bottles with aërated or gaseous liquid. The bottle A to
be filled is supported at its base upon a carrier B provided with
projections 1, 1, which are fitted so as to be free to slide in inclined
grooves or slots m, m, or on inclined guides formed in or on two upright
standards O, C, the latter being connected together by tie rods or
bars n, n, and carrying the whole of the mechanism. To the carrier B

page_text: there are jointed the bifurcated ends o, o, of a rod E, having pivotted to
its lower end a treadle F mounted on a fixed centre or fulcrum at p, and
by acting upon the end q of which treadle the carrier B with the
bottle A may be elevated, and at the same time moved sidewise towards
the liquid supply pipe G for filling, the projections 1, 2, traversing along
the inclined grooves or slots m, m, formed in the standards C, C. In
addition to the guiding action obtained and the support afforded to the
base of the bottle A by the carrier B the bottle is also guided during its
ascent and supported during the operation of filling by means of a
mouth-piece or cap H,. which is provided with a packing ring t of india-
rubber or other suitable material fitting over the mouth of the neck b,
and is formed in one with a slide I having projections r, r, engaging in
or on inclined grooves, slots, or guides 8, 8, formed in or on the
standards C, D. The mouth-piece or cap H is hollowed or recessed on
its interior so as to form a cylinder for a piston K, which is carried on
the lower extremity of a screw spindle u passing through a stuffing
box w, and provided with a wheel or handle L for the convenience of
turning the same. The object of the piston K is to depress the stopper
in order to admit of the introduction of the liquid, which object is
effected by the act of turning the handle L, the piston K being thus
caused to exert its pressure upon the projection or stud g, and force the
disc or flange f, with which the spindle e is provided, away from the
shoulder k formed in the bottle A. The mouth of the supply pipe G,
through which the aerated liquid is introduced, is fitted to the nozzle or
spout c in such a manner as to form a tight joint therewith in order to
prevent the escape of air, and such pipe G is provided with a cock M
for regulating the flow of the liquid, and with an escape valve N for the
liberation of any excess of pressure. O is a syrup pump, the piston or
plunger of which provided with the usual valves is connected by a rod y
to a lever P mounted on a transverse rod or fulcrum Q, and so arranged
that by the act of depressing the outer end z of the lever P the piston or
plunger is raised, whereas the down stroke of such piston or plunger is
obtained by means of a spring R acting upon the opposite arm of the
lever P. The syrup, which is elevated through the pipe S from any
suitable receptacle below, passes through the branch pipe T into the
supply pipe G, and thence into the bottle A.

page_text: the carrier and bottle a short distance until the neck of the bottle
engages with the mouth-piece or cap H, when the latter with its slide I
and the carrier B will be caused to move simultaneously, thus elevating
the bottle and conducting it also in a sidewise direction, whilst main-
taining such bottle in a vertical position. By reason of this combined
movement the nozzle or spout c is caused to engage with the end v of
the supply pipe G, in which position it is retained by any suitable means.
during the operation of filling. The screw spindle u is then screwed
down by turning the handle L, so as to cause its piston to act upon the
projection or stud g and depress the disc or flange f, when the bottle is
ready to be charged.
In filling the bottle the operator first forces in the required quantity
of syrup by operating the pump O by means of the lever P and spring R,
as herein-before described, after which the cock M is opened and the
aërated liquid is introduced. The bottle having been now filled the
cock M is closed, the piston K is elevated by turning the handle L in
the reverse direction, and the force of the gas contained in the liquid in
the bottle raises the disc or flange funtil it abuts against the shoulder k.
The treadle F is then released, and the carrier B with the bottle A and
the mouth-piece or cap H covering the mouth of the neck 6 by their
own gravity descend together until the projections of the slide I reach
the end of the slots 8, 8, when the neck 6 becomes disengaged from the
mouth-piece or cap H, the carrier B continuing to fall until it reaches
the bottom of its stroke, after which the bottle may be removed and
replaced by an empty one in readiness for the repetition of the operation, a
and so on in succession.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The combination with a bottle having an additional or side
opening and an inclined nozzle or spout for the introduction and discharge
of the liquid, and an ordinary or upper opening and neck for the
reception of the closing device, of a stationary plug or stopper closing a
the mouth of the neck, and a movable flexible disc or valve for closing
the internal orifice of the neck, such disc or valve being carried on a rod

page_text: or spindle so arranged as to slide or pass through the stationary plug or
stopper in the act of opening or closing the bottle, all substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The combination of apparatus for supporting and elevating
the bottle to be filled, depressing and maintaining the stopper during
the operation of filling, supplying and regulating the flow of the liquids
to the bottle, and lowering the bottle when filled, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Tallis, on behalf of Elias
Cave and myself, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Thirtieth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.