Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus for Looms.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Jacquard Apparatus for Looms.
A communication from abroad by OTTO WALTER SCHAUM, of 2nd Street and
Glenwood Avenue, in the City of Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia,
in the State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufacturer.
1, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell and Wilding, of 1 Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to Jacquard apparatus for looms and has for its object to
simplify and improve the construction of such mechanism, especially to avoid the
shocks and jars incident to the usual method of operating the jacquard, and to
provide an easy running and comparatively noiseless mechanism for shifting and
supporting the cards.
The nature of my invention will be best understood as described in connection
with the drawings in which it is illustrated and in which,
Figure 1 is an elevation showing part of a power loom and the Jacquard apparatus
connected therewith.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the jacquard taken on the line r-r of Figure 3.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the jacquard.
Figure 3 an enlarged view of one part of the Jacquard machine.
Figure 4 a face view of a portion of the peg wheel.
Figure a large view of the same partly in section on the line y-y of Figure 4.
Figure 6 is an elevation showing the construction and mode of operation of the
star wheel used in actuating the shaft which feeds the cards.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of a device used in transmitting motion from the loom
to the jacquard.
Figure 8 a plan view of the same partly in section on the line - of Figure 7.
Figures 9, 10 and 11, detached views showing various portions of the said
apparatus; and
Figure 12, a plan view, showing the shafts and gearing connecting the same.
A indicates the loom, and B a rotating shaft thereof, said shaft as shown, being
the driving shaft of the loom, and provided with fast and loose pulleys B' and B'
and having at its end a sprocket wheel B3 which is connected to a sprocket
wheel B on a shaft D by means of a chain C; obviously any other means of
communicating motion from the shaft B to the shaft D, such as bevel-gear, may
be used if desired. The shaft D (see Figures 1, 7 and 8) is supported in a
bracket E and has attached to its end a mitre wheel D² which is engaged with
mitre wheels F' F' journalled on a shaft F, which said shaft is journalled in
boxes E3 E3 secured to arms E' E' of the bracket E. The shaft F is in turn
connected with a shaft N secured to the reciprocating frame of the Jacquard
apparatus; while this connection can be made by any convenient device for
communicating motion I have shown a particular device indicated in Figures 1
and 12; a mitre wheel being secured to the end of the shaft F and engaged with
a mitre wheel f¹-on the end of a shaft M journalled in a bracket secured to the
frame of the loom A and connected by a universal joint m with a shaft M₁
supported in brackets as shown in Figure 1 and connected by a second universal
joint m² with a shaft M' which has a mitre wheel m³ at its end engaged with a
mitre wheel n on the shaft N.
Referring now to the particular construction of the mechanism, F2 (Figures 8
and 12) indicates a clutch turning with the shaft M but free to move along it,
LD

page_text: which can be made to engage either of the mitre wheels F1 with the shaft, and as
the said mitre wheels are driven in opposite directions by the wheel D³ the shaft F
is driven forward or backward at will by shifting the position of the clutch. Any
desired mechanism may be used to shift this clutch and so reverse the action of the
driving shaft; but, by means of devices which I am about to describe, I have
adapted this mechanism to be automatically actuated from the jacquard itself. To
an arm E rising from the top of the bracket E I secure a bearing pin E³ for a
pin or shaft E which extends out over the shaft F; upon this pin I journal a
sleeve G having a downwardly extending arm G the branches G G2 of which are
engaged with the clutch F2 so as to shift its position along the shaft F as the
sleeve G is turned on its bearing. Preferably I form the sleeve G with arms G³ G³
extending upward and serving to support a latch pin J₁ having a head J and a
collar J secured to the latch pin by any means, as by a pin J2; against this collar
rests a spring J which tends to push the pin forward; I also prefer to provide the
sleeve G with projections G G the function of which is to serve as stops for a
device to be hereafter described, and I secure to the sleeve a pin or stud G
extending upward from the end of the sleeve and upon which pin is journalled a
sleeve H; a spring Go being preferably employed to press upon said sleeve and
prevent it from moving too readily upon its bearing. From each side of the
sleeve H extend arms H'H' which as shown are provided with heads H2 H3 and
from the face of the sleeve I extend a series of ratcbet teeth H H H in the path
of the latch head J. Some convenient mode of attaching cords to the arms H¹ is
also to be provided, for instance, the eyes H' H. K is a slide to which a
reciprocating motion is given by means of a cam D³ secured to the shaft D. As
shown, this slide or plate K is formed with heads K' and K³ which pass over a
tubular extension è of the bracket E and the shaft or pin E' respectively.
K2 indicates a cam roller secured to the plate or slide K and lying in the path of
the cam D. At the upper end of the slide K are formed outwardly extending
arms KK4.
II indicate cords which are connected as through bell crank
levers and cords 12 (see Figure 1) with appropriate hooks of the Jacquard
apparatus.
The operation of the mechanism above described is as follows:
.
Assuming the clutch to be in the position indicated in Figure 8 and the pattern
calling for a reversal in the action of the jacquard, the cord I is pulled by the
appropriate hook and acting upon the arm H' of the sleeve H to which it is
attached turns the sleeve on its pivot pin G, the head H2 being thus drawn from
above one of the arms K' of the plate K and the head H³ connected with the other
arm moved to a position above the other arm K*, the latch pin J yielding to the
pressure and being forced in so as to pass over the tooth H' and to set itself between
the said tooth and the tooth Hº. The extent of the motion of the sleeve is limited
and regulated by the stop G4 against which the arm H' comes, stopping further
motion in the sleeve at the proper time. Now the plate K is constantly moving up
and down and on its next upward movement after this change in the position of the
sleeve G it comes in contact with a head H³, and pushing upward on said head and
acting through the Farm H' the sleeve H and the pin G, upon the sleeve G it
causes said sleeve to turn on its supporting stud and to move through its arm G'G²
the clutch so as to leave its engagement with the lower wheel F and engage
the upper wheel F¹, in consequence of which the motion of the shaft is reversed.
It will be noticed (see Figures 7 and 11, that I have provided a number of shallow
pin holes g¹² on the outside of one of the arms G2; these are engaged by a spring
latch pin L, shown in Figure 7, which serves to steady and hold the clutch in
position. When in engagement with the pin hole g' the latch pin holds the clutch
out of contact with both gear wheels thereby stopping the motion of the jacquard
and when the clutch is moved, the pin L, which has a rounded head as shown, is
réadily forced back out of one hole, and when the clutch is sufficiently moved, falls
into the next.
Referring now to the Jacquard apparatus proper, T indicates a stationary frame

page_text: used to support the hooks and needles in the usual way; O is a reciprocating
frame, which, as shown, is connected with bars 03 03 which slide in brackets T T
on the frame T and to the ends of which is secured a needle dressing plate 0+;
the bars O³ being preferably adjustably secured in brackets O2 in the frame O by
means of screws as shown in Fig. 3*. On the frame O is journalled a shaft Ñ
which is kept in constant rotation by the action of the driving mechanism previously.
described and a shaft P is also journalled on the frame O, and is given an inter-
mittent rotation through the mechanism best shown in Figure 6, that is to say, the
star wheel P is secured to the shaft P and a corresponding wheel N¹ to the shaft N,
the wheel P¹ having rests or segmental recesses P2 interposed between pin holes or
recesses P³ and the wheel N' having a segmental rim N2 which feeds into the
recess P2 and a pin N³ which engages the pin holes P³. The action of the pin N³
is to turn the shaft P through a certain determined arc of revolution while the
action of the segmental rim N2 is to hold the shaft P stationary during the inter-
mission between the actions of the pin upon the wheel P. On the shaft P is
supported mechanism for feeding the cards of the jacquard and 1 prefer to
employ two peg wheels indicated at QQ said peg wheels being secured to the
shaft P and adapted to engage the peg holes on the opposite sides of the cards;
instead however of using circular rims on my peg wheels, as is often done, I
construct the rims of polygonal form, each face being of substantially the breadth
of a card and having a peg Q2 at or near its centre, the flat faces being indicated
by the letter Q. In this way I provide a level bearing for the card and prevent
it being strained and bent and also avoid undue strains on the lacing connecting
the cards. Another improvement in the construction of the peg wheels is to form
each wheel with its rim of substantially the same breadth as the peg; this is
advantageous, first because it prevents the lacing along the outer edge of the cards
from bearing and rubbing against the peg wheel, and also because it enables me to
carry the needle holes closer to the pegs; still another mode consists in forming
between the pegs a series of holes indicated at 7, properly spaced to correspond
with partial rows of holes in the cards, the needle passing through such holes in
the cards and into the face of the peg wheel. Obviously, this construction enables
me to use a peg wheel or wheels of any desired breadth as holes can be formed in
its face at proper intervals, but I prefer to use the narrow peg wheels having holes
only between the pegs.
In order to support the cards in front of the needles I prefer to use a card
supporting plate R supported as upon bars 05 firmly attached to and forming part
of the frame O; instead however, of attaching the plate R rigidly to the arms 05
I provide in the rear of the plate R, arms or brackets R' which in turn are secured
to the ends of the bars O by clamps as indicated at K². By making the plate R
adjustable by this or a similar device I gain an important advantage and am
enabled to adjust the plate with great accuracy to correspond with the position of
the needles. This adjustment is also facilitated by the device which consists in
carrying the needle holes rr' or at least a portion of them completely through the
plate R, so that in adjusting the plate, the operator can look through said holes
and see the points of the needles. For practical use, it will be sufficient to carry,
say, two end rows of holes through the plate.
As is common I employ a needle board S, which is free to move backward and
forward under pressure, instead however of effecting the backward motion of the
needle board by the pressure of the card support transmitted through the card to
the needle board I provide special appliances which, as the card supporting device
advances, moves the needle board back in front of it; the arrangement being such,
that the card support and needle board while they approach close together, will
not actually pinch the card between them. In the plan shown, this result is
accomplished by providing the needle board S with lugs S¹ S₁ extending over the
rods upon which the needle board is thus supported. From these lugs S¹,
arms S2 in the construction shown extend over the bearing T2 and at their rear
ends are secured to sleeve S³. Against this sleeve S³ presses a spring S* which

page_text: abuts at its other end against the bearing T3 or any convenient stop. A collar Sº,
preferably adjustable, is secured to the bars 03 in front of the lugs S¹ and it will
be seen as the frame and its connected bars 03 move toward the stationary
frame T the collars S6 will, at a determined time, press against the lugs S¹
carrying them and the needle board S along in front of the advancing card support 5
and preventing the card from being squeezed between these two plates. As the
frame O moves backward the plate S will move with it until the sleeves S³ come
in contact with the bearings T2 which arrest the motion holding the plate S
stationary, while the card support moves backward and opens the space into and
from which the cards are fed. In the use of this, and similar apparatus, I have 1
found that it is of great importance that the card should be engaged and disengaged
by the pegs on the peg wheels with a smooth and even motion, and I have ascer-
tained that this can be secured by so forming and arranging stripper and feeder
plates W and W which may be conveniently formed, as shown in Figures 2 and 6,
of one piece of metal, so that they will lie nearly perpendicular to the pegs from
and to which they lift or lead the cards; the angle formed at the operative point
is very slight, as shown in the drawings, and a twisting of the card is thus avoided;
In Figure 2 these plates W W₁ are shown secured in proper position to the
frame of the jacquard which affords a convenient support.
It is important that the cards should be held on the face of the peg wheels
between the feeding and stripping plates and particularly between the feeding plate
and the card support in front of the needles, and still more particularly is it
necessary to press the card down without twisting it upon the peg to which the
feed plate delivers it. I accordingly provide a guard plate W2, one end of
which extends over and lies parallel to that portion of the feed plate W which
delivers the card to the peg wheel; this guard plate and the guard plate W³, which
prevents the cards from leaving the peg wheel too soon, are secured in place as
shown in the drawings, that is to say, arms 06 are secured to the frame (
extending up and down therefrom, above and below the peg wheels, and the ends
of these arms are connected together by means of bars 07 and 08 to which bars the
guide plates W2 and W3 are attached as shown.
While reciprocating motion can be given to the frame O and the parts supported
it in any convenient way, I prefer to use eccentrics U secured to the shaft N
and operating through a link U' pivoted at U' to the frame T.
upon
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. The combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame-carrying card feeding mechanism, of a card supporting plate
supported on the reciprocating frame independent of the card feeding mechanism,
and formed with one or more rows of needle holes extending entirely through it,
and means for adjusting the card supporting plate to bring the holes therein
opposite the ends of the needles.
Second. In combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame, a constantly rotating and an intermittently rotating shaft
supported on said frame and means for driving the intermittently rotating from the
constantly rotating shaft, and a peg wheel supported on the intermittently rotating
shaft having a series of flat faces of substantially the breadth of a card.
Third. The combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame, of an intermittently rotating shaft supported on said frame,
a pair of peg wheels supported on said shaft having faces of substantially the
breadth of the pegs affixed thereto, and a card supporting plate R also supported
on the frame and situated entirely between the peg wheels.
Fourth. In combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame, an intermittently rotating shaft supported on said frame, a
pair of flat faced peg wheels supported on said shaft having faces of substantially

page_text: the breadth of the pegs affixed thereto and needle holes formed in their faces
between the pegs, and a card supported on the frame.
Fifth. The combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame carrying card feeding mechanism, of supports 0 0 secured to
the frame, a card supporting plate secured to said supports and lying in front of
the needles and means for adjusting the card supporting plate to bring the holes
therein opposite the needle end.
Sixth. In combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame, an intermittently rotating shaft carried on said frame, peg
wheels carried on said shaft adapted to carry cards and a curved stripper Wi
arranged to lie nearly perpendicular to the pegs from which it lifts the cards and
so as to lift said cards without twisting them on the pegs.
Seventh. In combination with the needles of a Jacquard. apparatus and a
reciprocating frame, an intermittently rotating shaft carried on said frame, peg
wheels carried on said shaft, adapted to carry suitable cards, and a curved stripper
and a curved feeder plate arranged to lie nearly perpendicular to the pegs from
which and to which they lift and feed the cards and so as to lift and deposit said
cards without twisting them on the pegs.
Eighth. In combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame, an intermittently rotating shaft carried on said frame, peg
wheels carried on said shaft, a curved feeder plate W arranged to lie nearly
perpendicular to the pegs to which it feeds the cards, and a guard plate W2
arranged to bold the cards to the peg wheels and having its end lying substantially
parallel to the end of the feeder plate which it overlaps.
Ninth. In combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus and a
reciprocating frame, an intermittently rotating shaft carried on said frame, peg
wheels carried on said shaft, arms 0% secured to the frame and projecting above and
below it, and guard plates secured to said arms.
Tenth. The combination with a frame T supporting the needles of a Jacquard
apparatus and a reciprocating frame O, mechanism carried on said frame for
supporting and feeding the cards, a needle board supported in front of the card
supporting device and mechanism independent of the opposing faces of the
card supporting device and needle board, for moving said needle board back in
advance of the forward motion of the card support.
Eleventh. In combination with a frame T supporting the needles of a Jacquard
apparatus, a reciprocating frame O, mechanism carried on said frame, for supporting
and feeding the cards, rods 03 extending from the reciprocating frame along the
needle frame, a needle board supported on said rods but free to move along the
same, springs acting to hold the needle board at a fixed position in front of
the card supporting device, and stops arranged to engage and push the needle board
back with the rods when the card support advances toward it for a determined
distance.
Twelfth. The combination in a loom of a Jacquard apparatus having a
reciprocating frame, a shaft N and a shaft P supported on said frame and
connecting mechanism whereby a constant rotation of shaft N is transmitted as an
intermittent rotation to shaft P, a shaft D driven by a rotating part of the loom, a
shaft F and means for driving it in either direction from shaft D, a shaft M driven
from shaft F, a shaft M² arranged to drive shaft N, and a connecting shaft M'
coupled to shafts M and M' by universal joints.
Thirteenth. The combination in a loom of a jacquard having a reciprocating
frame supporting shafts N and P geared together substantially as described, a shaft
driven by a rotating part of the loom, a countershaft having loose gears thereon
driven by said shaft in opposite directions, a clutch arranged to engage said gears
at will with the countershaft, connection with the jacquard to actuate said clutch
and a connection from the countershaft to shaft N.
Fourteenth. The combination in a loom of a Jacquard apparatus having a
reciprocating frame and card actuating mechanism supported on said frame, of a

page_text: shaft D driven by a rotating part of the loom, a countershaft F having loose
gears F1 F1 engaged with a gear D2 on shaft D, a clutch F2 splined to shaft F and
arranged to engage either gear therewith, a pivoted sleeve G having a clutch
actuating arm G¹ and a stud G', a sleeve H having arms H¹ pivoted on said stud,
a reciprocating plate K, a connection from the Jacquard needles to each arm H¹ to
throw them at will in the path of plate K, a shaft N in frame O and means for
conveying notion from shaft F to shaft N.
Fifteenth. In combination with the needles of a Jacquard apparatus the frame O
carrying the shaft P and shaft N, gearing connecting said shaft as described so
that a constant rotary movement of shaft N is transmitted to shaft P giving it an
intermittent rotary movement, carrier wheels QQ mounted on shaft P and
arranged to carry the cards a plate R secured to frame O and adapted to support
the cards when in operative position, and means as described whereby a
reciprocating motion is given to frame O by the revolution of shaft N.
Sixteenth. In combination, the power shaft of a loom, a shaft F, wheels as F' Fi
loosely journalled on said shaft, mechanism connecting the power shaft with the
wheels FF to drive them in opposite directions, a clutch keyed on shaft F and
adapted to engage with either of wheels F' at will to drive the shaft in either
direction, a frame carrying shafts N and P, means for communicating motion from
shaft F to shaft N, eccentrics U mounted on shaft N, connecting rods U₁ extending
from the eccentrics to the fixed frame and arranged to give the frame Oa
reciprocating movement, means for communicating motion from shaft N to shaft P
arranged as described, a card carrier QQ mounted on shaft P, a card supporting
plate R secured to frame O and a needle plate S situated in front of plate R, all
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Seventeenth. In a Jacquard apparatus the reciprocating frame O in combination
with a plate R secured to said frame and adapted to support the cards when in
operative position, a shaft P, carrier wheels QQ secured to said shaft and arranged
to carry the cards to and from plate R, a star wheel P¹ secured to shaft P having
a series of recesses P³ to receive an actuating pin and a series of intervening
segmental recesses P2, a shaft N having secured to it a pin N3 adapted to engage
recesses P2 in wheel P¹ and an oppositely disposed segmental rim N² to fit in
recesses P2 and means for driving shaft N and through it shaft P.
Eighteenth. In a Jacquard apparatus the reciprocating frame in combination
with a shaft P journalled in the sides thereof, carrier wheels QQ secured to said
shaft, plates 0 0 secured to the rear of frame 0 and to shaft P, a plate R
secured to plates 0 and lying between the carrier wheels and means for giving an
intermittent rotary motion to shaft P and wheels Q Q.
Dated this 31st day of October 1893.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.