IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOVES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
JOBSON, of Holly Hall Works, near Dudley, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of
December, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the twelfth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Robert Jobson, my exors, admiors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Robert
Jobson, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Robert
Jobson, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agrée with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOVES;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said Robert Jobson, should cause à particular
description of the nature of the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto bad,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Jobson, do hereby declare that the nature of iny said Invention; and

page_text: the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say-
My Invention relates,-
Firstly, to improvements in the form and construction of stoves with open
fires and metallic surfaces adapted thereto for the purpose of reflecting the
heat.
Secondly, to an improved mode of combining two or more stoves with one
fire grate.
Thirdly, to an improved mode of manufacturing the reflectors of stoves of
sheet metal.
Fourthly, to improvements in grinding and polishing reflectors and other
parts of stoves.
Sheet A.-Figure 1 represents a front view, Figure 2 is a vertical section,
and Figure 3 a horizontal section of a stove constructed according to the first
part of my Invention. The same letters refer to similar parts in each Figure.
A is a square plate of metal forming the front of the stove. B is a circular
metallic reflector. C is the grate for containing the fuel. D, the register or
damper. E, the back of the stove formed of fire brick. F is a metal plate
perforated with apertures for admitting air under the fire. G is a pan to
receive the ashes which fall from the fire. In Figure 1 a portion of the front
of this pan is removed to shew the form of the back. H is a frame or
skeleton connecting the front plate A with the back E and grate C. The
reflector B is supported by two frames I, I, resting on four rollers K, which
are better seen in Figure 4, which is a side view of the reflector B. These
rollers K run upon the two rails L, I, which are fixed to the skeleton H and
front plate A. When the reflector is in its place it is secured by the three-
buttons M. The ash-pan G can be inserted and removed without moving
the reflector. When it is wished to obtain access to the chimney, for the
purpose of sweeping it, the ash-pan G is first removed, the buttons M. are then
turned, and the reflector is pulled forwards on its railway and completely
removed, leaving free access to the chimney. Figure 5 is a vertical section,
Figure 6 a plan, and Figure 7 a front view of the skeleton H. This skeleton
may merely stand in the lower part of the chimney, but I prefer to build it in
with brickwork, so as to avoid having any spaces in which soot might accu-
mulate, and also to check the passage of cold air up the chimney. Figure 8.
is a side view of the grate C, and perforated plate F. The plate F may be
made perforated or plain, and may either be attached to the grate C or to the

page_text: Skeleton H; the grate is made to hook on the skeleton H. In this stove the
reflector is a portion of a sphere, and it will be seen that there is an irregu
larly-formed aperture in the back of it, formed by notching out a portion
immediately under the grate to allow of the ashes falling through, whilst
5 another notch is formed above the grate to allow the smoke to enter the
chimney. It will be seen also, that although part of the reflector is thus
notched out, the remaining portion completely surrounds the imaginary hori
zontal axis or line x, y.
Figure 9 shews a front view, Figure 10 a vertical section, and Figure 11
O a horizontal section of another stove constructed according to my In-
vention. Figure 12 is a vertical section after the removal of the reflector,
damper, perforated plate, and ashbox. A is the front plate. B, the
circular reflector, which is a portion of a paraboloid, the section being a
portion of a parabola. I is an iron plate, which slides through slots formed
in the front plate A and skeleton H. The reflector is attached to this sliding
plate by means of the hinge K. X is another plate similar to I, and joined
to the reflector by the hinge Y; the pin Z of this hinge is capable of being
withdrawn. When access to the chimney is required, instead of running the
reflector out upon rollers, as in Figure 1, it is drawn forward, together with
the sliding plates I and X, until its motion is arrested by the stops S, S, coming
in contact with the skeleton H. The pin Z is now withdrawn, and the
reflector is swung round upon the hinge K, as shewn by the blue lines in
Figure 11. The other letters in these Figures refer to parts similar to those
similarly marked in the preceding Figures.
Figure 13 is a front view, Figure 14 is a vertical section, and Figure 15
a horizontal section of another stove, in which the circular reflector is a
portion of a hyperboloid, the section being a portion of a hyperbola.
Figure 16 is a section of the same stove after the removal of the circular
reflector, shewing the front plate A, skeleton H, and grate C. A is the front
plate, having a circular opening to admit the reflector B. I is a square plate
similar to A, but rather smaller, and hinged to it at Y. The reflector B is
nade with a square flange, and is hinged to the plate I at K. S is a stop
which prevents the reflector from moving more than a few inches through I,
ut the front plate A and skeleton H are notched so as to allow the stop S to
ass. The other letters refer to similar parts to those in the preceding
igures. By drawing the reflector forward on both sides at once, the plate I
ill follow it until the stop S coines in contact with the plate I, which, toge-
er with the reflector, is then swung round on the hinge Y, as shewn by the
ue lines in Figure 15.

page_text: Figure 17 is a front view, Figure 18 a vertical section, and Figure 19 a hori-
zontal section of another stove, in which the circular reflector B is a portion of a
cone, the section shewing two converging straight lines. Figure 20 is a plan of
the skeleton II and front plate A. In this stove the reflector B is connected at
once by the hinge K to the front plate A. This form of construction is simple and
advantageous when the form of the grate C is such as will admit of the reflector
swinging round upon the hinge, but it will be seen by an inspection of Figures 3,
11, and 15, that it would not be applicable to those stoves in which the grate
is not suitably formed for the purpose. G is the ash-box. V is a small tray
for receiving any ashes which may fall from the front of the grate. This may
be provided with a hinged shelf T, kept up by a spring. Any ashes which
fall on T may then be swept into the lower part of V by means of a brush,
after which the spring returns T to its horizontal position, and conceals
the ashes. The other letters refer to similar parts to those in the preceding
Figures.
Figure 21 shews a vertical section of a stove with what call a trumpet-
shaped circular reflector, the section exhibiting two curves convex towards
each other. In this Figure the lower part of the grate is shewn in an inclined
position.
Figure 22 shews a vertical section of a stove, with what I call a bell-
shaped circular reflector, in which the section is a line of double cur-
vature a, b, c. In this Drawing the damper D is shewn as consisting of
several separate pieces or louvers, capable of turning simultaneously on
their axes when it is required to contract or close the passage for the
smoke. The perforated plate F is here arranged so as to give a better
draught to the fire than when it is arranged as shewn in the previous Figures.
It is carried to the back of the stove, and the ash-box G is made to fit as close
as possible to the lower part of it. By this means nearly all the air which
passes through the perforations is directed into the fire.
Figure 28 is a front view, Figure 24 a vertical section, and Figure 25
a horizontal section of another stove, with a bell-shaped circular reflector.
In this stove the circular reflector B is fixed, and a door R is formed in
the upper part of it, for the purpose of obtaining access to the chimney. A
sufficiently large opening for that purpose is obtained by pushing back
the damper D and opening the door R. If the notched opening through
which the smoke enters the chimney were made large enough for the con-
venience of sweeping the chimney, it would be found to affect injuriously
the burning of the fire and the draught of the chimney. This defect is
obviated by the use of the door R. G is the ash-pan, a portion of the

page_text: front of which is removed in Figure 28 to shew the form of the back. V is
a loose plate or door, fastened by a button. By removing this plate it is easy
to rake out any dust or soot which may have fallen at the sides of the ash-
pan G. Two of these doors are used; but in Figure 23 only one is shewn,
the other being removed. The other letters refer to similar parts to those in
the preceding Figures.
Sheet B. Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 a vertical section, and
Figure 3 a horizontal section of another form of stove constructed according
to my Invention. A is the front plate. B is the reflector, which is here
made of an oval form in the front view, whilst the section is a portion of a
parabola. C is the grate; D, the damper; E, the fire-brick back; F, the
perforated plate, which' is made to fit as close as possible to the ash-box G;
H is the skeleton; I is a sliding plate, to which the reflector is hinged at K.
The plate 1 is supported' and guided by four rollers L, turning in a frame
fixed on the skeleton II, and better seen in Figure 4, which shews a portion
of the skeleton H, the plate I, róllers L, L, L, L, hinge'K, and a portion of the
back of the reflector.
Figure 4. a shews a section of the sliding plate I, together with two of the
rollers L. The ash-box G is of large size, and will consequently only require
occasionally emptying. When it is to be emptied, or when access to the
chimney is required, the reflector B is drawn forwards, until the stop S on the
sliding plate I meets the skeleton E. The reflector is then swung round oni
the hinge K. V is a tray, which receives the small quantity of dust and ashes
which falls from the front of the grate. Instead of making the oval reflector
moveable, it may be fixed and provided with a moveable door like that shewn
at R, in Figures 23 and 24, Sheet A.
Figure 5 is a front view, Figure 6 a vertical section, and Figure 7 a hori-
zontal section of another of my improved stoves. In this the reflector B is
square, and composed of four plates united at the corners, which plates may be
flat or curved: Another method of rendering the reflector moveable is here
shewn. It is supported by two frames I, I, on two rollers K, K, running on
rails L, L; at the back of which is' a cross bar X. When the reflector is to
be removed the buttons M, M, M, are loosened, and the upper part of the
reflector is pulled forward until it is sufficiently inclined to disengage the spur
or hook of the frame I from the bar X, which is best seen in Figure 6. The
reflector can then be wheeled away and laid on one side. It is replaced in 'a'
similar manner, being run in in an inclined position, and' being then brought
to the vertical position it is secured by the frames I, I, hooking on the bar X
and the buttons M, 'one of which is sufficient to keep it in its place.

page_text: Figure 8 is a front view, Figure 9 a vertical section, and Figure 10 a hori
zontal section of another of my improved stoves. The reflector B is a square,
with the corners rounded. This form has an advantage in one respect over a
square reflector like Figure 5, inasmuch. as it can be cast in one piece; whereas
a square reflector, if cast in one piece, is an awkward form to grind. This
reflector is shewn without rollers, hinge, or slide. It is merely fixed by the
buttons M; and when access to the chimney is required, the buttons are loosened
and the reflector is lifted out of its place. This construction may be adopted
for sinall stoves, and especially for light reflectors of sheet metal, but it is not
so convenient for large stoves as some of the other forms above described.
Figure 11 is a front view of a stove with an oblong reflector. This may be
made with the corners rounded as shewn for the square reflector in Figure 8.
Figure 12 is a front view, Figure 13 a vertical section, and Figure 14 a
horizontal section of a stove with a scolloped reflector B, having a portion
notched out immediately below the grate to allow the ashes to drop through
into the box G. The other letters refer to similar parts to those in the pre-
ceding Figures. This scolloped reflector is shewn as being fixed by four
buttons M, and is to be lifted out of its place when necessary, like the one
shewn in Figures 8, 9, and 10.
Figure 15 is a front view, Figure 16 a vertical section, and Figure 17.a
horizontal section of a stove, with what may be termed an irregular-shaped
reflector. A is the front plate. B, the reflector, hinged at K to the front
plate, and secured at top by the button M. When access to the chimney is
required, the button M is loosened, and the reflector brought down with its
front to the ground, which will leave an opening sufficiently large for the
purpose of cleansing the chimney. It will be seen that this reflector is notched
below the fire, but that the remaining portion of the reflector completely
surrounds the imaginary horizontal line or axis x, y.
Sheet C. Figure 9 is a front view, Figure 10 a vertical section, and
Figure 11 a horizontal section of. another stove constructed according to my
Invention. In this stove only the upper part B of the reflector is moveable,
the lower parts b, b, being fixed. The reflector B is hinged to the front
plate A at K. C is the grate; D, the damper; E, the back, which is fixed
to the side reflectors b, b. Q is an ornamental beading covering the joining
of B with b, b. When access to the chimney is required, the button M is
loosened, and the reflector B swung round upon the hinge K. The lower part
of the reflector may be varied in form at pleasure, and the upper part may
also be made of various forms, but I prefer to make it semicircular or semi-
elliptical. The reflectors above described may be made of cast iron, wrought

page_text: iron, or other metals or alloys of metals; but I prefer cast iron and wrought
iron. The reflectors may be enamelled and ornamented by various processes.
And I would obscrve, that by the term "circular reflector" I mean a regular
figure, produced by the revolution of a line about an imaginary axis; that is,
such a figure as can be produced in an ordinary turning lathe. It will be
readily understood that stoves constructed with reflectors in any of the forms
herein described, but especially those with parabolic and spherical reflectors,
may be employed for the purposes of cooking as well as for heating apartments.
They are particularly applicable for roasting meat; for, by placing an ordinary
tin reflector or hastener before the fire, and suspending the meat between
the two reflectors, almost the whole of the radiant heat of the fire will be con-
centrated on the meat.
The second part of my Invention relates to an improved mode of combining
two or more stoves with one firegrate. For heating churches, bankers' offices,
and other large buildings, it is frequently, desirable to arrange two or more
stoves together, so as to form double, treble, or quadruple stoves.
Sheet B. Figure 18 is a front view, Figure 19 is a vertical section, and
Figure 20 a horizontal section of one of my improved stoves, in which four
reflectors are arranged with one firegrate. A, A, A, A, are the four sides
of the stove. B, B, B, B, are the four reflectors, of a square form. C is a
circular firegrate. D is a division plate in the form of a cross, as best seen in
Figure 20. E is a square chimney above the grate; and F is a square casing
below the grate. G is the ash-box; an opening is left in one of the plates A,
to allow of the withdrawal of the ash-box G. H is a passage conveying the
smoke into the descending flue I. K is a toothed rack fixed to the division
plate D; and L is a pinion taking into the rack; by turning the pinion the
plate or cross D can be raised or lowered. M is a roller to guide the rack K.
The points of the cross D are guided in the corners of the square chimney E,
as shewn in Figure 20. Air is allowed to enter at the apertures N,
which, becoming heated, rises between the reflectors and escapes at the
apertures P. R is a moveable lid or cover for obtaining access to the
descending flue I, which may be cleansed by passing a brush down it.
Supposing a fire to be lighted in this stove, and the cross.D to be removed, it
is evident that a gust of wind striking one side of the stove would blow the
smoke out at the other side, which would be
a great inconvenience. This
defect is obviated by introducing the cross D, which directs upwards all the
air which enters the stove. As the fuel burns away the cross D descends,
being allowed to rest on the fuel by its own weight. When fresh fuel is to be
added to the fire the pinion L is turned and the cross D raised; the fuel is
12.

page_text: then added, and the cross again lowered until it rests on the fuel. A ratchet
and click may be attached to the pinion L, if desired, to sustain the cross D
whilst the fuel is being thrown on. It will be readily understood that two
stoves may be combined with one fire on a similar plan; the division plate will
then be a simple flat plate, instead of a cross. Any other desirable number of
stoves may be similarly combined; circular, oval; or other reflectors may be
substituted for the square ones shewn in the Drawing.
The third part of my Invention relates to an improved mode of manu-
facturing reflectors for stoves of sheet metal.
Sheet C.-Figure 1 is a view of a piece of metal cut to a proper form for
making a conical reflector, similar to that shewn in Sheet A, Figure 17,
and shewn separately on Sheet C, in which Figure 2 represents a front view,
Figure 3 a back view, and Figure 4 a vertical section. The piece of sheet
metal, Figure 1, is bent round, and a strip of sheet metal A, Figures 3 and 4,
rivetted over the joint where the two edges meet. The edge or flange B is
then turned over by hammering, or by stamping in a press, and the hinge
formed by bending the strips of metal C, C. This form may be subse-
quently altered by stamping it in suitably-formed dies by means of the
machine called a stamp, and commonly used by the manufacturers of tea-
trays and fryingpans, in which machine the upper die is attached to a heavy
weight, which, after being raised, is allowed to fall on the piece. of metal
placed in the lower die. Instead of the stamp, a fly press or an hydraulic
press may be employed.
Figure 5 shews a section of a reflector whose form has been altered
by this means from that of a cone to a figure more nearly resembling
a parabola. By this improved mode of modifying the forms of conical
reflectors, I render them both more elegant in appearance and better adapted
for reflecting the heat of the fire into the apartment in which it is placed.
And I would remark, that it will sometimes be found most convenient to
stamp.these reflectors to the proper form before rivetting on the plate A, in
which case the piece of metal, Figure 1, is made sufficiently large to allow of
the two edges, D E, DE, being trimmed and fitted together after the
reflector has been stamped.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to improvements in grinding and
polishing reflectors and other parts of stoves.
The ordinary method of grinding metal surfaces for stoves consists in
holding the piece of metal against a revolving grindstone and moving the
piece of metal about by hand, so as to bring all parts of the surface in
succession on the stone. To grind in this manner a circular reflector of large

page_text: size is a laborious operation, on account of the weight of the metal; and skill
is required in the workmen to avoid dwelling too long on any one part, which
would produce visible undulations and irregularities in the form.
-
Sheet C, Figure 6, is an elevation, Figure 7 a vertical section, and Figure 8
a plan of one of my improved machines for grinding circular reflectors,
and other circular metallic surfaces, for stoves. A is a vertical shaft, or
mandril, carrying the face plate C, to which is attached the circular reflector
B by means of bolts and nuts D, and one or more blocks of wood. E, F, is
a pulley fixed on the shaft A. G is a pulley, turning loose on the shaft A.
A strap from a steam engine, or other source of power, gives motion to the
pulley Fand causes the reflector B to revolve with it; when it is wished to
stop the machine, the strap is thrown on the loose pulley G, as is well under-
stood. His a bar of wood, to the end' of which is fixed by a clamp. and
bolts a block of stone I, of the ordinary stone used for grindstones. The bar
His supported by an iron pin K, passed through it, and into the post L.
This post L is firmly fixed, and is provided with several holes at different
altitudes. Its sides are strengthened by two plates of iron, M, M; perforated
with holes corresponding to those in the post. N is the floor. The mode of
using this machine is as follows:-The workman having fixed the circular
reflector on the face plate, so that its centre may be in a line with the centre
of the shaft A, throws the strap on the pulley F, thereby causing the reflector
to revolve rapidly. He then presses the stone I against the inside of the
reflector by means of the bar or lever H, at the same time supplying the stone
with water; the grinding thus proceeds with rapility, and the surface is
ground to the circular form with greater accuracy than it would be by the
ordinary mode of grinding. Several posts, levers, and stones can be applied
to one machine, if desired, so that several workmen may be simultaneously at
work at the same reflector. P is a sheet-iron plate attached to the back of
the face plate, to protect the bearing of the shaft A from grit and dust. Ris
the framework of the machine.
Sheet D, Figure 1 represents a side view, Figure 2 a front view, and
Figure 3 a plan of a machine for grinding oval and other reflectors, and other:
parts of stoves. A is a cylindrical bar or standard capable of turning and:
sliding in the bearings B, B, which are supported by the cast-iron plate C⚫
firmly bolted to the wall D. To the bar A is firmly fixed the frame E, carrying
at its extremity the shaft F, to the lower end of which is attached a circular
grindstone G: A pulley H is fixed on the upper end of the shaft F, and
receives motion by means of the strap I from the pulley J, which is itself*
driven by the shaft K, on which is the pulley L set in motion by a strap from

page_text: a steam engine or other source of power. The shaft K has a groove in which
enters a small piece of metal or feather in the pulley J, which is not otherwise
connected to the shaft. The pulley J can thus rise and fall with the frame E
and standard A; but in whatever position it may be it must necessarily revolve
when the pulley L is set in motion. The lower end of the shaft K revolves in
a collar in the upper part of the standard A, which is made hollow, as shewn
by the dotted lines, so as to admit of the entrance of the shaft K. The upper
end of the shaft K is supported by the collar or bearing M fixed to the
plate C. N is a bracket fixed to the frame E to ensure the pulley J following
the up and down motion of the standard A. O is a loose pulley for receiving
the strap when the machine is stopped. P is a handle or lever attached to the
frame E.. Qis a strong bar jointed at one end to the beam R, and having a
cavity at its upper end, which forms a step for the standard A, the lower end
of which is reduced in diameter, and terminates in a portion of a sphere, as
shewn by the dotted lines. The beam R turns upon the trunnion S, and
carries at its other end a weight T to balance the weight of the standard A
with the frame and other parts supported by it. U is a screw, one end of
which is jointed to the beam R whilst the other end works in the tube V, the
lower part of which forms the nut of the screw, whilst the upper part is sup-
ported by and turns in the collar W, which is supported by two bearings on
the hollow post X. Y is a wheel and handle fixed to the tube V, by turning
which the standard A, frame E, shaft F, and grindstone G, 'can be raised and
lowered. Z is an oval reflector, ready for grinding, attached by means of the
wooden block or chuck a, and the screws b to the face plate c. This face plate
is the face of an oval chuck constructed in the ordinary manner, as is well under-
stood by turners, and of which it is only necessary to say that d is the shaft or
mandril carrying the plate e. f. f, are two bars attached to the face plate c.
and carrying two cross bars 9, 9, which rub against a circle h. This circle h
is fixed on a slide i governed by the screw k, to which is attached the handle /.
When the circle h is concentric with the shaft d, and the latter is made to
revolve, a fixed point would describe a circle on the face plate c, but by turning.
the screw so as to throw the circle h out of the centre the motion will be
rendered elliptical, so that a fixed point would describe an ellipse on the face
plate c. The difference between the two diameters of the ellipse produced
depends on the amount of eccentricity given to the circle h. The shaft d is
caused to revolve slowly by the toothed wheel m, which is driven by the
pinion n on the shaft o, which carries the pulley p, driven by a strap from the
steam engine or other source of power. 9 is a loose pulley for receiving the
strap when the machine is stopped. r is the framing supported by the

page_text: masonry 5, s. The mode of using this machine for grinding oval reflectors is
as follows:-The oval reflector Z is properly fixed on the oval chuck, and the
circle h adjusted according to the difference between the longest and shortest
diameters of the oval. The handle Y is then turned until the standard A is
raised sufficiently to enable the frame E to be swung round away from the
reflector. A grindstone of a form adapted to the curve of the reflector is then
slipped on the lower end of the shaft F, and secured by means of the nuts
thereon, a screw being cut on the shaft for that purpose. The frame E is then
swung round again so as to bring the grindstone over the reflector Z. The
handle Y is then turned, and the grindstone lowered, until it is found by trial
to apply itself properly to the curve of the reflector. The straps are then
thrown on the pulleys L. and p, and the grindstone G revolves rapidly,
whilst the reflector revolves slowly on the oval chuck. The workman
then takes hold of the lever P, and brings the grindstone into contact
with the reflector, at the same time supplying it with water and the
grinding proceeds. Instead of the workman holding the lever P, a cord
or chain may be attached to it passed over a pulley and attached to a weight
or connected with a spring.
Figure 4 is a side view, Figure 5 a front view, and Figure 6 a plan of a
machine for grinding scolloped and other. reflectors and other parts of stoves.
A is the cylindrical standard, sliding and turning in the collars B, B, fixed on
the plate C, which is bolted to the wall D. E is a cast-iron frame, to which is
jointed by the pin Je a second frame E¹, carrying the shaft F and grindstone G.
The parts marked J, K, L, M, N, O, are similar to the parts similarly marked
in Figure 1. The pulley J communicates motion by means of the strap I, to
the double pulley J', which transmits the motion by means of the strap I¹ to
the pulley II. The double pulley J¹ runs loose upon the upper part of the
pin J, which forms the joint between the frames E and E¹. Two handles
P, P, are fixed on the frame E¹, by means of which the position of the axis
of the grindstone may be varied at pleasure so as to bring it in contact with
different parts of the work. A handle may also be attached to the frame E,
to assist in controlling the motion of the apparatus. The standard A is sup-
ported by the step U, in which it turns. Q, Q, are two chains attached to the
step U, and carried over four pullies R, R, R, R, and attached to the balance
weight T. The step U is prevented from turning by a projecting piece U',
which enters a slot in the plate C. U is a screw fixed to the step U, and
passing through a nut V, supported by keys in the collar W, and capable of
turning freely therein. This nut is attached to the bevil wheel V¹, V³.
Figure 5 is a bevil pinion, which can be turned by means of the shaft X. and
.

page_text: handle Y. By turning the handle Y, the standard A and all the parts sup-
ported by it may be raised and lowered. Z is a scolloped oval reflector
fixed in the wooden block or chuck a, on the face plate c, ready for grinding.
The face plate c is fixed on a shaft d, and may be turned round into different
positions for the convenience of the workman. e is a catch or latch which
drops into notches at intervals on the edge of the face plate to retain it in any
required position. In using this machine the work is chucked or fixed on the
face plate c, and a grindstone of a proper form fixed on the shaft F, which is
then lowered by means of the handle Y, until it is brought into its proper
position. The workman then throws on the strap which communicates
motion to the pulley L, and grasping the two handles P, P; he brings the
grindstone in contact with the work, traversing it along the work in different
parts. He occasionally disengages the latch e, and brings a fresh portion
of the work into a convenient position for being operated on until the whole
of the required surface is ground. In some cases a stone of sufficient size to
grind the whole depth of the reflector is used; in other cases two or more
stones are employed for different parts of the surface. This machine may
be used with the face plate c, as shewn in the Drawing, or this face plate may
be made to revolve continually, or it may be replaced by the oval chuck; or it
may be dispensed with altogether, the work being altogether fixed and the
workman passing round to all the different parts in succession.
In like
manner the machine shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, may be used with the
oval chuck, as shewn in the Drawing; or witli a revolving face plate, which
last' arrangement will be found capable of grinding circles, ovals, and a great
variety of forms. An arrangement of this last sort is shewn in Sheet C
Figures 12 and 13, in which the axis d, which carrics the reflector Z, is in-
clined to the axis of the grindstone G, by which arrangement one grindstone of
small diameter may be employed for grinding the whole depth of the reflector.
By applying the oval chuck to the machine shewn in Sheet C, Figures 6, 7,
and 8, ovals may be ground with it, but it cannot be advantageously driven at
so great a velocity as when grinding circles, and therefore the process of
grinding ovals by that machine will require more time than is required for
grinding circles. In grinding notched reflectors by these machines' it will be
found advantageous to introduce a plate of the form of the notch, and attach
it to the chuck. By this means the internal surface of the reflector 'will be made
nearly continuous, and the grinding stone will traverse freely over the notch.
The grinding machines on Sheet D are shewn with the axis of the stone and
that of the reflector in a vertical position. It is evident that by properly balancing
the frames and other moving parts the whole machine may be arranged in a

page_text: horizontal position, or even in an inclined position if desired. The machine
shewn on Sheet C, Figures 6, 7, and 8, may also be arranged with. the
shaft A either. vertical, horizontal, or inclined. All these machines may be
employed for grinding other metallic surfaces for stoves besides those used for
reflecting the heat. By removing the grinding stones from any of the above-
described machines, and substituting in their place blocks of wood, or .blocks.of
wood covered with leather and supplied with fine emery or other polishing
material, these machines may be employed for polishing as well as for grinding
reflectors and other parts of stoves.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I am aware that it
has been proposed before the date of my said Letters Patent to construct
stoves with portions of curved and plane reflecting surfaces, I wish it therefore
to be understood that I do not claim the use and application of such surfaces
except when constructed and combined as herein-after mentioned; nor do I
claim the several processes, machinery, and apparatus herein-before mentioned
and referred to, except when employed in and for the the purposes of my
Invention as herein-after declared; but I claim,-
Firstly, the constructing stoves in which circular reflectors are combined
with and adapted to the grate so as to be moveable, and admit of easy access
to the chimney, as above described.
Secondly, I claim the constructing stoves in which circular reflectors are
adapted to grates in combination with a moveable plate or door for obtaining
access to the chimney as above described and shewn at R, in Figures 23 and
24, Sheet A.
Thirdly, I claim the constructing stoves in which circular reflectors are
adapted to and combined with grates, and 'notched in such manner as that the
ashes may pass through the reflector immediately below the grate, as above
described.
Fourthly, I claim the constructing stoves in which circular reflectors are
adapted to and combined with grates, and notched so as to allow the smoke to
enter the chimney as above described.
Fifthly, I claim the constructing stoves in which fixed circular reflectors,
being portions of spheres, cones, paraboloids, or hyperboloids, or trumpet-
shaped (that is) presenting in the section curves convex towards each other,
as in Sheet A, Figure 21), are adapted to grates as above described.
Sixthly, I claim the constructing stoves in which a moveable reflector is
combined with and adapted to the firegrate, as above described and shewn in
Sheet C, Figures 9, 10, and 11.

page_text: Seventhly, I claim the constructing stoves in which fixed or moveable oval
reflectors are adapted to and combined with grates in such manner as to
encircle the fire, as above described and shewn in Figure 1, Sheet B.
Eighthly, I claim the constructing stoves in which reflectors, of a square;
oblong, or any other form, are so adapted as to surround the grate and be
moveable for the purpose of obtaining easy access to the chimney, as above
described.
Ninthly, I claim the constructing stores in which reflectors, of any form,
when made of one piece of metal, are adapted to grates so as completely to
surround the grate, such reflectors being furnished with a moveable plate or
door in the upper part for obtaining access to the chimney, and notched out
either above or immediately below the grate, as above described and shewn in
the various Figures on Sheet A, and in Figures 1, 8, 12, and 15, on Sheet B.
Tenthly, I claim two or more stoves in combination with one firegrate and
a moveable division plate resting on the fuel, as above described and shewn in
Sheet B, Figures 18, 19, and 20.
Eleventhly, I claim as an improvement in the manufacture of stoves the
constructing the reflectors thereof by stamping or pressing into suitably-formed
dies sheet metal previously bent into a conical form, as above described.
Twelfthly, I claim as an improvement in the manufacture of stoves the 2
grinding and polishing the reflectors and other parts thereof in the manner
and by means of the arrangements herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Jobson, have hereunto set my
band and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of June, One thousand eight