A NEW OR IMPROVED IMPLEMENT Annin unza non man CTAMENT OR LAD" OR APPARATUS FOR BAD CHEEWAMION OF LAND
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Richard Williams, of Shiffnal, in the County
of Salop, Farmer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED IMPLEMENT
Annin unza non man CTAMENT OR LAD"
OR APPARATUS FOR BAD CHEEWAMION OF
LAND
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Richard Williams
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th May 1856.
I, CHARLES RICHARD WILLIAMS, of Shiffnal, in the County of Salop,
Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED IMPLEMENT OR APPARATUS FOR THE CULTIVATION OF LAND," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of an implement or apparatus in which a series of
prongs or blades, situated on a frame or carriage, are so mounted and connected
with the wheels of the said carriage, that as the said carriage is drawn along,
the said prongs or blades are made to descend into and rise from the ground
by a motion somewhat resembling that of digging. The said implement or
apparatus is constructed as follows:-The prongs or blades are situated
vertically, and move in vertical planes; the said prongs are jointed at their
tops to horizontal arms turning upon a shaft extending across the implement.
An axis geared to the carriage wheels passes across the implement and carries'
a number of excentrics equal to the number of prongs. Clips passing round-

page_text: the excentrics are jointed to the prongs at a distance of about one-third of
their length from their upper ends. The excentrics are so arranged on the
axis that the several prongs perform their motions one after the other. As
the implement is drawn along, the lower pointed and curved end of each prong
descends into the ground with an advancing motion, and after having obtained
the maximum depth ascends again; the prong again enters the ground at
or near the point where it left the ground. The action described is performed
by each prong in succession. Instead of one row of prongs I sometimes use a
double row, to which the motion herein-before described is given: but these
and other details, to which I do not confine myself, I do not think it necessary
here to describe.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Richard Williams in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
RICHARD WILLIAMS, of Shiffnal, in the County of Salop, Farmer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles
Richard Williams, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Richard
Williams, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Richard Williams, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might makė, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED IMPLEMENT OR APPARATUS FOR THE CULTIVATION OF
LAND," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Richard
Williams, my executor's or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the, said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the sanie to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent..

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Richard Williams, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same.is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of an implement or apparatus for the cultivation of
land, herein-after particularly described, and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing; Figure 1 representing a side elevation; Figure 2, a longitudinal
section; and Figure 3, an end elevation. The same letters indicate the same
parts in the several Figures.
:
a is the carriage on which the implement is supported; b, the wheels on
which the carriage a is drawn. Motion is communicated to the implement
by means of the toothed wheel c on the axis of the wheel b. d is a frame
jointed at e to the carriage a. The said frame d may be raised and lowered
by means of the semicircle f and lever g. By depressing the lever g, the
chain is wound upon the semicircle f, and the frame d raised. The
pinion is disengaged from the toothed wheel c by the lifting of the frame
d, and the implement or apparatus is no longer put in motion by the travelling
carriage a. 1, l, are a series of prongs or blades of the form represented; the
prongs or blades 1, 1, are jointed to levers m, m, at n, and the said levers m, m,
are jointed to the fixed bar o. p is an axis, to which motion is communicated
from the wheel c through the pinions & and q. A series of excentrics are
fixed upon the axis p, the said excentrics being adjusted upon the said
axis P in a manner which will be understood by reference to the Drawing.
s are clips upon the excentrics r, vertical rods t on the said clips & being
jointed to rods u, and the rods u being jointed to the fixed bar v; horizontal
arms w, w, on the clips s are jointed to the prongs or blades at x. As the
carriage a is drawn along, motion is communicated to the axis p, and from
the said axis p through the excentrics r, clips s, and arms w to the prongs or
blades 7. The lower pointed and curved ends of the prongs descend succes-
sively into the ground, each of the said prongs or blades having an advancing
as well as a descending motion; after having attained the maximum depth, the
prongs or blades commence an ascending motion; the prongs or blades again
enter the ground at or near the place where they left it. The motion described
is performed by each of the prongs or blades, and the arrangement of the
excentrics upon the shaft p is such that the prongs follow each other in.
their motion, so as to present a nearly uniform resistance to the rotation of the
axis p. Although I prefer to make each of the excentrics r to move two of
the prongs or blades 7, yet a single prong, or more than two prongs, may be
actuated by each of the excentrics 1.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and. the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my said Invention. But
I claim as my Invention the implement or apparatus for cultivating land,
herein-before described, and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is
to say, an implemant or apparatus in which a series of prongs or blades are
caused by the advancing motion of the carriage on which the implement or
apparatus is situated to descend into the ground with an advancing motion,
and after ascending to re-descend into the ground at or near the point where
they previously left it, as herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Richard Williams, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
CHARLES RICHARD WILLIAMS. (L.S.)