IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HARD AND SOFT SOAPS, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF LIQUIDS FOR WASHING LINEN AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
February 1862. A communication from abroad by Léo Bachellerie, of
Paris, France,
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet. Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HARD AND SOFT SOAPS, AND IN THE
PREPARATION OF LIQUIDS FOR WASHING LINEN AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS,"
communicated to me from abroad by Léo Bachellerie, of Paris, France,) to
be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is the employment of alkaline silicates, 1st,.in
the manufacture of toilet and household soaps; 2nd, in the washing of linen
and other textile fabrics.
The Inventor states that soaps may be considered as salts resulting from
fatty bodies and alkalis, stearate, oleate of soda, or of potash. These salts or
soaps in the presence of water form insoluble bi-stearates and bi-oleates of
soda or potash, and therefore leave in solution free alkali, which unites with
the fatty bodies in the operation of washing.
The Inventor states that experience has shown him that alkaline silicates
in solution in water give the same results as alkaline carbonates now in use,
and that they may be employed in washing linen and other textile fabrics;
also, that they may be used to increase the properties of soap.
The Inventor forms a triple composition (in all proportions of silicate of

page_text: soda) of stearate, of oleate, and of silicate of soda, and the soap obtained has
been found more efficacious than ordinary soap.
The process for the two applications is as follows:-
1st, employment of alkaline silicates in the washing of linen and other
textile fabrics. The silicates are used under the same conditions and in the
same alkalimetric quantities as the carbonates are at present used.
2nd, employment of the silicates of soda or of potash after the manufacture
of soap with alkaline carbonates. When the soap is finished and ready for
pouring into the frames in a neutral state, or when in an ordinary soap pan
heated by a water bath, I add thereto the solution of silicate of soda, and I
combine by stirring under heat; but this operation may take place even in
the frames, the solution of the silicate having been previously heated. The
alkalimetric degree, or the density of the solutions of silicate of soda and the
quantity to be added to a given quantity of soap vary, thus hard soaps may
be obtained by adding to 100 parts by weight of soap, 25 parts by weight of
solution of silicate of soda, 18 degrees Beaumé. The same result is obtained
by adding to 100 parts of soap, 39 parts of solution of silicate of soda, 15
degrees Beaumé. Hard soaps may be obtained, as aforesaid, and soft soaps
by adding a solution of silicate of soda or potash from 3 to 15 degrees Beaumé,
but always in the proportion of 4 parts by weight to 1 part of the soap. The
alkaline silicates may also be applied directly in the manufacture of soft soaps,
following the usual mode of manufacturing.