Improvements in Means for Regulating the Load on Horse's Back, Tipping, Re-adjusting, and Opening and Closing Doors applicable to Carts Employed for Conveying Heavy Loads.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Regulating the Load on Horse's Back,
Tipping, Re-adjusting, and Opening and Closing Doors applicable
to Carts Employed for Conveying Heavy Loads.
I WILLIAM HOLLINGWORTH of Eckington in the County of Derby, Quarry
Owner do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My present invention relates to carts employed for conveying heavy loads and
the objects thereof are
1. To construct the cart and apply an arrangement thereto in such a manner
that the load is automatically removed from the horse's back when descending an
incline and is moved to the back when ascending.
2. To automatically apply an improved brake to the wheels of my improved
cart when descending and automatically removing said brake when travelling
backwards or ascending an incline.
3. To automatically tilt my improved cart and simultaneously automatically
opening back door of same.
4. To automatically readjust my improved cart and simultaneously close and
fasten the back door of same.
To attain which in reference to object one aforesaid I arrange at about midway
between the bottom and top of body of cart a suitable pair of shafts which
extend right to the hind part of cart and I pivot the body of cart to said shafts
by means of trunnions which bear in brackets or bushes fitted to the said shafts.
To the underside of body of cart I fix a suitable cross bearer which carries a
cranked axle by means of three pedestals or bearings fitted thereto.
The cranked axle is formed with its cranked parts extending upwards from the
bearer and its upper ends are formed in manner common to that part of ordinary
axle which enters the nave of. wheel.
Each cranked part of axle further extends in the form of a vertical lever to the
upper part of which is secured a chain conducted by suitable guides to the lower
end of a bent lever which is mounted upon each shaft, the upper end of each said
bent lever being coupled up to the breechband and backband of the harness on
horse.
The shafts being pivotted to the cart body above the axle and the ends of latter
being being cranked upwards it will be obvious that when the cart descends an
incline the breechband and backband pulls the upper ends of bent levers backwards
and pulls the naves of wheels and wheels forward thereby moving the load away
from the horse's back. To attain the second object aforesaid, I pivot to one or
both shafts an adjustable brake block in such a way that each brake block only
acts when travelling in forward direction down an incline. To attain the third
object aforesaid, it is only required that the horse pushes backwards sufficiently
which movement causes the trunnions to travel over the centre of axles so, moving
the body of cart beyond the centre of gravity and thereby automatically tilting
the cart.
In order to fasten the body of cart in working position on shafts when
required I pivot to the ordinary stay which is fitted across shafts near front of cart
ordinary horizontal catch levers arranged to hold the body of cart down by means
of springs and I operate these levers by means of a cord. To attain the fourth
object of my said invention I arrange my improved cart with an inclined door
which hangs from its upper end upon projections resting in supports which are
fixed to the hind part of shafts.

page_text: The lower end of said back door rests upon the kick blocks and is kept in
position-when the cart is loaded or in horizontal position by suitable pins or cottars
which are fitted into or through said kick blocks. To prevent said door lifting up
I place a projection on the end of each side of cart and form suitable extending
parts at each end of door which bear against the same. The upper part of door
has secured to it suitable levers which are connected to the body of cart by means
of chains. It will be obvious that as the cart tilts the chains become taut and
consequently lift or open the door the pins in the kick blocks moving with said
blocks clear of the bottom of door. In attaining the fourth object when the
horse pulls forwards the trunnions move forward with the shafts to the front of
axle, and the centre of gravity is therefore moved so as to automatically bring the
cart body back to its original position and the chains of door becoming loose the
door falls to closed position and the kick block pins come into position for securing
same.
Dated this 28th day of August 1893.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M. I. Mech. E.,
Commercial Street, Sheffield, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Regulating the Load on Horse's Back,
Tipping, Re-adjusting, and Opening and Closing Doors applicable
to Carts Employed for Conveying Heavy Loads.
I WILLIAM HOLLINGWORTH of Eckington in the County of Derby, Quarry.
Owner do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My present invention relates to carts employed for conveying heavy loads and
the objects thereof are
1. To construct the cart and apply an arrangement thereto in such a manner
that the load is automatically removed from the horse's back when descending an
incline and is moved on to the back when ascending.
2. To automatically apply an improved brake to the wheels of said cart when
descending and automatically removing said brake when travelling backwards or
ascending an incline.
3. To automatically tilt my improved cart when required and simultaneously to
automatically unfasten and open the back door of same.
4. To automatically readjust said cart subsequent to being tilted and simul-
taneously to close and fasten back door of same.
To make it clearly understood how I attain the before described objects I
hereunto attach drawings which are to be taken as part of this Specification and
read therewith.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation of my improved cart, Fig. 2. a plan of same and Fig. 3
a plan of the improved adjustable brake.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of said cart when tilted, Fig. 5. is a front view of said
cart and Fig. 6. is a plan of said front view.
Fig. 7. shows in detail a side view of a modified means of securing the back door
to body of cart.
Similar letters of reference denote corresponding parts in each view.
To attain object one aforesaid I arrange about midway between the bottom and
top of body B of cart a suitable pair of shafts S which extend almost to the hind
part of cart and I pivot the body B to said shafts S by means of trunnions T
which may bear in bushes t¹ fitted in said shafts S or in said shafts themselves.
To the underside of body B. I fix a suitable cross bearer 6 which may carry

page_text: either a cranked axle by means of pedestals or bearings fitted thereto or may have
fastened to it ordinary cart axles A in the usual manner as as shown.
To attain the second object aforesaid I pivot to one or both shafts an adjustable
brake block C which is fitted into the dovetailed end d¹ of an arm D which latter
is pivotted to the shaft S at d, and it will be obvious the block C will press on the
rim of wheel automatically when descending an incline as the shafts become
oblique.
.
To attain the third object aforesaid it is only required that the horse moves or
presses backwards sufficiently which movement will obviously cause the trunnions T
to travel to position shown at Fig. 4. that is to say the body B of cart is moved
beyond the centre of gravity and it is thereby automatically tilted and the door H
being fastened to the carrier J obtains the elevated position shown at Fig. 4.
In order to prevent the body B of cart tilting over when travelling and to fasten
it in working position upon the shafts S when required I pivot to the ordinary
stay E which is fitted from shaft to shaft near front of cart two ordinary catch
levers L which hold the front part of cart down by means of ordinary stops 1.
The levers L are pivotted to the cross piece or stay E at and are held in
position by means of springs 13 made with or attached to each said lever L. is a
rod which extends at an angle along the top of each shaft towards the wheels,
this is for the purpose of holding the brake C up in position shown at Fig. 4. when
the cart is tilted. The driver can operate the levers L by means of the cord 1
pulling which will obviously pull cach lever L clear of stop and allow the cart
body to be tilted in the manner before described. I do not however claim the use
of the levers L as part of my invention as the same have been used upon other
forms of carts.
With further reference to the second object of my invention in the application of
the brake C upon the rim of wheel when descending an incline I find it advisable
to hold in elevated position the fore end of body of cart and this I accomplish by
fixing a rack R to front of cart body and arranging a sliding pawl p carried on the
underside of cross stay E to be meshed therein when required by operating a hand
lever m which can be moved to one or the other side of a stop m' as required
see Fig. 6.
To the rack R I prefer to secure a carriage springs' which bears upon either
the cross piece or stay E or the levers L and thereby elevates the front of cart
body up to position allowed by the stops see Fig. 5, by this means the brake C is
more effectually applied when descending a hill.
I arrange my improved cart with an inclined or vertical back door H which is
supported at its upper end upon projections ' which rest in supports h. The
supports I prefer to make in one with a frame or carrier J which latter I hinge
at to the body B of cart.
The door His further secured to the frame or carrier J by bolts /³ which
pass
through eyes. The door H is fastened in closed position by the pins h which
hold at the back of or within the catches 13 which latter are fastene 1 to body of
cart. To prevent the door H lifting up until required I place or fix a projection
on each side of cart and I hinge to the carrier J a suitable catch t¹ whose end will
come in contact with end of shaft S as the body B tilts and the door H will
thereby be liberated and will upon the full tilting of the cart attain the position
shewn at Fig. 4. In the modification shown at Fig. 7. the upper part of door H
may be connected to body B by means of chains c which as the body B tilts
become taut and consequently lift or open the door and in this arrangement the
door H is carried upon suitable brackets ³ which are fixed to the shafts S. Where
preferred the said brackets may be in the form of levers pivotted to the shafts S
and operated so as to lift the door H by the tilting action of the body of cart as
will be well understood.
In attaining the fourth object when the horse pulls forwards the trunnions T
move forward with the shafts S to the front side of axle the centre of gravity
being thereby reversed the body of cart automatically moves back to its original

page_text: position as shown at Fig. 1. the door H simultáneously closing and fastening itself
in position.
The advantages of my said improved cart are very numerous the shafts always
being in line with centre of draught the gear horse may have a constant straight
pull on the load.
The load is level and light on down hill and level and heavy on up hill and when
at standstill the load is balanced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. Extending the shafts S at each side of body B of cart and pivotting to said
shafts S the body B of cart by means of trunnions T in combination with the axle
or axles A for the cart wheels being supported by or fixed to the body B at a
suitable distance below said trunnions T substantially as described and illustrated
and for the attainment of the objects specified.
2. The use with a cart such as described of a brake block C held in the
dovetailed end of an arm D and pivotted to the shaft S in manner so as to operate
as specified.
3. The combination with a cart such as described of a door H either carried by
a carrier J and pivotted to the body B or carried by a bracket or lever 6 and fixed
or pivotted to shafts S substantially as described and illustrated and for the
attainment of the object specified.
Dated this 25th day of May 1894.
H. F. BOUGHTON,
Barnsley, Certified Agent.