Year: 1898

page_text: I, JULIUS WALDEMAR HAGLUND, of Norrtelje, Sweden, Mechanician, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is the construction of a simple and effective safety-
lock, which can be opened only by means of its own proper key and the capacity
of variation of which is practically unlimited or nearly so. My invention
also comprises other features, which will be explained in the following specifi-
cation.
The bolt, as usual, is pushed outwards by a spring, which enters a recess or
socket in the inner or rear part of the bolt. In its outermost position the bolt
is locked by the tumblers, which strike against shoulders or such like on the
bolt. Any number of tumblers may be used. By using two tumblers they may
be seated one on each side of the bolt and turnably held in place by means of a
pin, which enters a longitudinal slot in the bolt and rests with its ends in holes
in the casing. Springs may press the tumblers against the shoulders.
For opening the lock from without a key is used. If there are two tumblers,
one on each side of the bolt, the key-bit is three-parted. The middle part, which
can be straight, may enter a groove or recess in the bolt, while the other parts
of the key-bit strike against the tumblers, in order to release the bolt from the
latter, so that the bolt can be pushed inwards by means of the middle part of
the key-bit.
In order to prevent the lock from being opened by means of picklock, skeleton
key or such like, I apply one or more safety-plates in the path of the key-bit
between the key-hole and the bolt, said plates being provided with notches, slots
or openings, the form of which corresponds exactly with the web of the keybit,
so that only the proper key will be able to pass the openings in the safety-plates
and work upon the tumblers and the bolt. The safety-plates thus serve the same
purpose as common wards, but they are easier to make than the latter and more
effective against undue unlocking in as much as the capacity of variation of the
form of their apertures is practically unlimited or nearly so.
The safety plates should be seated radially or diametrically or nearly so with
regard to the eye or spindle of the key-hole, and should be stationary, so that
they may not take part in the movement of the bolt or of the key.
If only one safety-plate be used it may rest against the underside of the bolt
and extend on both sides of the key-hole. The right part of the plate may be
bent down in order to give place for the key-bit, when the latter is in its utter-
most position to the right. The safety-plate may however also be made straight
and the key-bit may be bent instead of the plate for the said purpose. Or the
plate may be provided with apertures on both sides of the key-hole. In the
latter case the key can be turned around, so that the key-bit enters the apertures
on the left side of the key-hole and leaves said apertures on the right side of the
key-hole or rice versa. The openings on the one side of the key hole may also
be covered by a small plate, so that the key can not be turned around but must

page_text: be turned in the reverse direction after opening the lock. The underside of that
part of the plate, where the openings are situated, may be curved or corrugated or
in other way uneven, or inclined in order to prevent the taking of a complete
wax-copy of said openings. When more safety-plates are used, the openings
in them may correspond to different parts of the key-bit for the same purpose.
It is obvious that common wards also may be used, if preferred, beside the
safety-plates above described.
The key-hole may be placed near the bolt so that the key-bit enters the bolt
and works about in straight line with the longitudinal direction of the main
spring, whereby the friction by the movement of the bolt is reduced to a
minimum.
The bolt may be guided by the aperture in the rim and by the pin on which
the tumblers turn. The bolt may also be guided by the safety-plate and by an
upper plate, which latter also can serve as the upper part of the rim, if preferred.
The safety-plate may serve as the opposite lower part of the rim; in such case
this plate should be provided with a small casing or hollow projection for the
key-hole.
For opening the lock from the inside of the door without key, there may be
used one or two knobs or such like, by means of which the tumblers can be
released and the bolt withdrawn.
It is obvious that the improvements hereinbefore described may be used in
locks for doors, gates, shutters, chests, drawers safes etc. of any kind.
Dated this 15th day of Santamban 1909
F. W. GOLBY,
Patent Agent, 36, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Applicant's Agent.
I, JULIUS WALDEMAR HAGLUND, of Norrtelje, Sweden, Mechanician, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:---
The invention has relation to safety-locks, and it has for its object a con-
struction whereby the unauthorized tampering with the lock is effectually
guarded against.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. I is a rear elevation and Fig. II a plan
of a lock embodying my invention. Fig. III is a front elevation of the lock
the front plate of the lock case being removed. Fig. IV is a section on the
line of Fig. III looking upwards. Fig. V is a plan of the underside of the
bolt. Fig. VI is a front elevation of the bolt. Fig. VII shows sections of the
lower guide plate m, on line y-y of Fig. IV, illustrating two modes of displacing
the ward slots so that the bits of the key will not pass simultaneously through
said slots. Fig. VIII is an elevation of the knob with its fork for releasing the
tumblers from the inside of the door. Fig. IX is an elevation of the key. The
same parts are lettered to correspond in all the figures.
The lock case, which may be constructed in any well known manner, is by
means of two guide or guard plates m and divided into three separate chambers,
the bolt being contained in the intermediate chamber between the plates m
and, while the key-spindle is secured to the back plate p of the lock case

page_text: and projects across the lower chamber into the circular portion of the key-hole, o,
shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 and formed in the front plate of said lock case.
The lower half, or approximately the lower half of the rear end of the lock
bolt a is of increased thickness and has formed therein a socket into which projects
a pin secured to one of the end walls of the lock case. and on said pin is coiled
a spring b, that tends to throw the bolt a outward. The forward face of each
of the shoulders a formed by the enlarged portion of the bolt is curved or
concave, the arc of the circle having for center the key spindle, and is of such
radius that the key bits will not engage said face of the shoulders when said key
is turned to move the bolt inward, or out of engagement with its keeper.
At the upper forward end of each of the shoulders a¹ on the lock bolt a is formed
an upwardly projecting ridge d adapted to be engaged by the tumblers (, of
which there are supposed to be two, one on each side of the lock bolt. These
tumblers are loosely mounted on a pin e connected in suitable manner with the
front and back plates of the lock case and extending through a longitudinal slot i,
Fig. VI in the lock bolt a. The tumblers care acted upon by springs f, that tend
to move said tumblers towards the locking ridges d of the bolt, or downwardly,
and have a lock notch adapted to engage the afore mentioned ridges d on the lock
bolt, the forward end of the tumblers being dropped down into the path of the
outer bits of the key, the under face of said forward end of the tumblers being
suitably inclined so that the said bits will lift them out of engagement with the
aforesaid ridges d and thus release the bolt a.
で
The bolt a is moved inwardly against the stress of its spring by a central
bit of the key, engaging the rear face of a recess k in the underside of the bolt.
In turning the key the outer bits first lift the tumblers e out of engagement
with the ridges and thus release the bolt a before the centre bit e engages the
rear vertical face of the recess of the bolt.
Near its forward end the bolt a has a lateral projection a², that limits its move-
ment out of the lock case.
Each of the tumblers is provided with a tail, which lies in the path of a forked
pin (shown separately in Fig. VIII), that projects through the upper guide
plate and through the upper wall of the lock case and is provided with a
knob h; and to the lock bolt is secured a pin provided with a knob g and pro-
jecting through the rear plate p of the lock case and having motion in a slot
therein so that by depressing the knob the tumblers can be disengaged from
the bolt a and the latter moved inward by the knob g, for the purpose of opening
the lock from the inside of a room without having to use a key.
The lock mechanism is contained in the bolt chamber, which is separated from
the key hole chamber by means of the lower guide plate m, so that the key bits
must pass through said plate m before acting upon the bolt and tumblers.
To guard against the picking of the lock, the lower guide plate m is provided
with ward slots m° which in form correspond to the key bits, it being obvious
that with an ordinary pick or skeleton key the bolt a could not be thrown back,
and to make it practically impossible to obtain an impression of these slots I
arrange them so that the key bits will not simultaneously pass through their
respective ward slots mº. This may be done in various ways, for instance, by
arranging the plate m in a plane inclined to the axis of the key spindle 7, or from
the front plate to the rear plate of the lock case or rice versa (see the middle and
right views of Fig. VII), in which case the key bits will pass successively through
their respective slots m° or by giving the underside of the plate m a concave or
convex surface (see the left view of Fig. VII and at m² Fig. III) in which case
the center bite will pass through its slot before or after the outer bits, we have
passed through theirs.
With a view to giving the bolt a greater range of motion, the plate m on the
right hand side of the key spindle 7, Fig. III, may be folded or recessed as shown
in dotted lines at m², so that when the key is turned to throw the bolt, its bits
will lie in said fold or recess; or the bit may have such angular relation to the

page_text: stem of the key, as that when the latter is turned in the lock to its full extent
the bit will lie approximately flat upon the lower plate m.
I have shown a chambered lock case, it is obvious, however that the dimensions
thereof may be reduced, the upper and lower chambers can be dispensed with, and a
small chamber formed below plate m enclosing its slotted portion and having
the key hole.
Instead of one slotted plate m several may be used, arranged one above the
other.
As shown the key spindle is located immediately below plate m and the spring
that actuates the bolt is so arranged that the power of the bit is applied to the
bolt in the plane in which the power of the spring is exerted, thereby avoiding
all tendency of the bolt to tilt, and its binding on or in the parts that guide it.
It is furthermore obvious that instead of providing one tumbler on each side
of the bolt, several such tumblers may be provided on each side or on the one
side only.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1) A lock comprising a lock case with key hole, a spring actuated lock bolt,
means for locking the same against motion, a guard plate between the key hole
and the bolt said guard plate provided with ward slots, substantially as described.
2) A lock comprising a bolt chamber, and a key hole chamber, a spring
actuated bolt in the bolt chamber, means for locking the bolt against motion,
the partition between said chambers provided with ward slots lying in different
planes, substantially as described.
3) A lock comprising a bolt chamber and a key hole chamber, a spring actuated
bolt having endwise motion in the bolt chamber and provided on opposite faces
with a locking ridge and with a recess k having a rear vertical face, tumblers
arranged on opposite sides of the bolt and engaging the ridges thereon, the parti-
tion or plate between the chambers provided with ward slots lying in different
horizontal planes and so arranged relatively to the axis of rotation of the key
that the bits will not simultaneously pass through the respective ward slots in
said partition or ward plate, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 19th day of Juno 1809
F. W. GOLBY,
36, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agent for the Applicant.