Improvements in Apparatus for Washing the Smoke and Gaseous Products Escaping from Boiler and other Furnaces, and for Increasing the Draught in such Furnaces.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 20th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing the Smoke and Gaseous
Products Escaping from Boiler and other Furnaces, and for
Increasing the Draught in such Furnaces.
We, EDWIN WARDLE, of Boyne Engine Works, Leeds in the County of York,
Engineer, and JOSEPH HENRY EVERS, of 14 Middleton Crescent, Dewsbury
Road, Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention has reference to an improved construction and arrangement of
apparatus whereby smoke hot gases and products of combustion (hereinafter
referred to as gaseous products) can whilst on their way from a boiler or other
furnace to the atmosphere be effectually washed for the purpose of removing there-
from smoke and deleterious or noxious vapors or gases so that the remaining gases
shall be rendered innocuous before escaping into the atmosphere.
Apparatus for this purpose according to this invention comprises a casing the
lower or intermediate and upper parts of which are adapted to be placed in
communication respectively with a furnace flue, and with a chimney, or the
external atmosphere direct, and within which are arranged a number of vertical
tubes carried by a tube plate or plates and within each of which is or are arranged
one or more water nozzles and baffles so constructed and arranged that water will
issue from each nozzle in the form of a sheet or spray through which the gaseous
products on their way to the atmosphere are compelled to pass and thereby become
effectually washed.
The products may be caused to flow through the casing and tubes and so as to
produce the desired draught in the furnace by any suitable means.
Where sufficient space is available, the apparatus may for this purpose be
advantageously combined with a series of tubes that are in communication at one
end with the casing and at the other end with the furnace flue, and into each of
which a jet of water is projected as described in the Specification of former Letters
Patent granted to us No. 1534 of 1892. In lieu of this arrangement a suitably
arranged fan or blower may be employed.
In either case a jet of exhaust or live steam inay also be used to assist in
producing or increasing the draught and causing the products to flow through the
washing apparatus.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of apparatus constructed according to this invention
shown applied to the flues of a furnace.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the washing chamber taken in a plane at right
angles to that shown in Fig. 1.
I is a metal casing in the upper portion of which are secured a number of super-
imposed tube plates 2, carrying vertical tubes 3, in each of which is arranged a
depending water nozzle 4, below the lower open end of which is a fixed baffle
plate 5, the arrangement being such that water escaping from the nozzles will issue
in the form of annular sheets that will extend to the inner sides of the tubes and
through which the gaseous products are compelled to pass on their way to the
atmosphere. 66 are water supply pipes connected to the said nozzles and to an
external water pipe, tank or other source of supply. 77 are lugs or projections
upon which the tube plates 2 rest. The metal casing 1 is provided with a hinged
or removable door by opening which access can be gained when necessary to the
interior of the casing.

page_text: The bottom of the chamber serves as a receptacle for water that has been used
for washing the gaseous products and which contains carbonaceous and other
impurities removed therefrom. 8 is an outlet through which this water can either
escape or be pumped back into the pipes and be used over again. The inter-
mediate portion of the casing is in this arrangement connected with the furnace
flue 9 and the lower part 10 of the chimney by a series of horizontal tubes 11, a
casing 12, and a connecting flue 13. The tubes 11 in the example shown are
arranged close together and are held at their ends within suitable frames 14 and 14"
that are fixed to the casings 1 and 12 respectively, the interstices between the tubes
being filled with a suitable filling material 15 such as cement. Into each tube 11
projects a nozzle 16 connected to a pipe 17 to which water under pressure is
supplied, the arrangement being such that this water issuing from the nozzles will
induce the gaseous products to flow through the flues and tubes 11 into the casing 1
and through the tubes 3, wherein they will be washed by passing through the
several sheets of water produced therein, the purified gases then flowing into the
upper part 10 of the chimney and thence to external atmosphere, or they may be
sent into the atmosphere direct without passing into the chimney. The water
issuing through the nozzles 16 will also aid in washing the gaseous products whilst
passing through the tubes 11. 18 is a valve or damper arranged within the
chimney. When closed, this valve serves to separate the upper and lower
parts 10, 10 of the chimney from each other so that the gaseous products are
compelled to pass through the washing apparatus. By opening it the gaseous
products can when desired be passed direct into the external atmosphere.
19 and 20 are nozzles through which jets of exhaust or live steam can be caused to
issue for the purpose of aiding or increasing the draught of the furnace and the
passage of the gaseous products through the washing apparatus.
In the modified construction shown in Fig. 3, the casing 1 is arranged to be
connected direct with the lower part 10 of the chimney by a pipe 21, and the
gaseous products are caused to flow through the flues and washing apparatus by a
fan 22, which may, also as shown in Fig. 3 he arranged in a pipe 23 between the
upper part of the casing and the upper portion 10% of the chimney.
In the further modified construction shown in Fig. 4 there is only one tube
plate 2 which carries a number of vertical tubes 3, within each of which is
arranged several water nozzles and baffle plates 5, for the purpose hereinbefore
described. The fan 22 for causing the gaseous products to flow through the casing
may be arranged as in the preceding example, or between the casing and the lower
part 10 of the chamber as shown or where necessary two fans may be used for one
machine, one as shown in Fig. 3 and one as shown in Fig. 4.
Dated this 20th day of December 1892.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Applicants' Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing the Smoke and Gaseous
Products Escaping from Boller and other Furnaces, and for
Increasing the Draught in such Furnaces.
We, EDWIN WARDLE, of Boyne Engine Works, Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineer, and JOSEPH HENRY EVERS, of 14 Middleton Crescent, Dewsbury
Road, Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to an improved construction and arrangement of

page_text: apparatus whereby smoke, hot gases and products of combustion (hereinafter
referred to as gaseous products) can, whilst on their way from a boiler or other
furnace to the atmosphere, be effectually washed for the purpose of removing
therefrom, smoke and deleterious or noxious vapors or gases, so that the remaining
gases shall be rendered innocuous before escaping into the atmosphere.
Apparatus for this purpose according to this invention comprises a casing the
lower or intermediate and upper parts of which are adapted to be placed in
communication respectively with a furnace flue, and with a chimney or with the
external atmosphere direct, and within which are arranged a number of vertical
tubes carried by a tube plate or plates, there being arranged within each of said
vertical tubes, one or more water nozzles and baffles so constructed and arranged
that water will issue from each nozzle in the form of a sheet or spray through
which the gaseous products on their way to the atmosphere are compelled to pass
and thereby become effectually washed.
The gaseous products may be caused to flow through the casing and tubes, and
so as to produce the desired draught in the furnace, by any suitable means.
Where sufficient space is available, the apparatus may for this purpose be
advantageously combined with a series of tubes that are in communication at one
end with the casing and at the other end with the furnace flue, and into each of
which a jet of water is projected as described in the Specification of former
Letters Patent granted to us No. 1534 of 1892.
In lieu of this arrangement, a
suitably arranged fan or blower may be employed.
In either case a jet of exhaust or live steam may also be used to assist in
producing or increasing the draught and causing the products to flow through the
washing apparatus.
And in order that the invention may be fully understood we will now describe
with reference to the illustrative drawings left with our Provisional Specification
and to the accompanying illustrative drawings, the best ways known to
carrying it into practical effect.
us of
In the said drawings filed with our Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of apparatus constructed according to this invention,
shown applied to the flue of a furnace.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the washing chamber taken in a plane at right
angles to that shown in Fig. 1.
I is a metal casing in the upper portion of which are secured a number of
superimposed tube plates 2 carrying vertical tubes 3, in each of which is arranged
depending water nozzle 4 below the lower open end of which is a fixed baffle
plate 5, the arrangement being such that water escaping from the nozzles will
issue in the form of annular sheets that will extend to the inner sides of the tubes
and through which the gaseous products are compelled to pass on their way to
the atmosphere. 6, 6 are water supply pipes connected to the said nozzles,
and to an external water pipe, tank or other source of supply. 7,7 are lugs or
projections upon which the tube plates 2 rest. The metal casing 1 is provided
with a hinged or removable door, not shown, by opening which access can be
gained, when necessary, to the interior of the casing.
The bottom of the casing serves as shown, as a receptacle for water that has
been used for washing the gaseous products and which therefore contains
carbonaceous and other impurities removed therefrom. 8 is an ontlet through
which this water can either escape, or be pumped back into the pipes and be used
over again. The intermediate portion of the casing, is, in this arrangement,
connected with the furnace flue 9 and the lower part 10 of the chimney by a series
of horizontal tubes 11, a casing 12, and a connecting flue 13. The tubes 11 in the
example shown are arranged close together, and are held at their ends within
suitable frames 14 and 14 that are fixed to the casings 1 and 12 respectively, the
interstices between the tubes being filled with a suitable filling material 15 such as
cement. Into each tube 11 projects a nozzle 16 connected to a pipe 17 to which

page_text: water under pressure is supplied, the arrangement being such that this water,
issuing from the nozzles, will induce the gaseous products to flow through the
flues and tubes 11, into the casing 1, and through the tubes 3, wherein they will
be washed by passing through the several sheets of water produced therein, the
purified gases then flowing into the upper part 10% of the chimney and thence to
the external atmosphere; or they may be sent into the atmosphere direct without
passing into the chimney. The water issuing through the nozzles 16 will also aid
in washing the gaseous products whilst passing through the tubes 11.
18 is a valve
or damper arranged within the chimney. When closed, this valve serves to
separate the upper and lower parts 10, 10" of the chimney from each other, so
that the gaseous products are compelled to pass through the washing apparatus.
By opening it the gaseous products can, when desired, be passed direct into the
external atmosphere. 19 and 20 are nozzles through which jets of exhaust or live
steam can be caused to issue for the purpose of aiding or increasing the draught of
the furnace, and the passage of the gaseous products through the washing
apparatus.
In the modified construction shown in Fig. 3, the casing 1 is arranged to be
connected direct with the lower part 10 of the chimney by a pipe 21, and the
gaseous products are caused to flow through the flues and washing apparatus by a
fan 22, which may be arranged in a pipe 23 between the upper part of the casing
and the upper portion 10% of the chimney.
In the further modified construction shown in Fig. 4, there is only one tube
plate 2, which carries a number of vertical tubes 3, within each of which is
arranged several water nozzles and baffle plates 5, for the purpose herein before
described. The fan 22 for causing the gaseous products to flow through the casing
may be arranged as in the preceding example, or between the casing and the lower
part 10 of the chamber as shown, or, where necessary, two fans may be used for
one machine, one arranged as shown in Fig. 3 and the other as shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings shows the upper part of an arrangement of
washing apparatus similar to that shown in Fig. 3, but in which the tubes 3 instead
of being fixed so as to extend upwardly, as in that arrangement, from the plates 2
by which they are carried, are simply dropped into holes in such plates from which
they are suspended by their rims 3. By this arrangement accumulation of water
on the tube plates is prevented.
The water nozzles 4 and baffle plates 5 shown in the preceding arrangements, may
advantageously be constructed as shown to a larger scale in Figs. 6 and 7 which
are respectively a central vertical section, partly in elevation, and a horizontal
section on the line of Figure 6. In this arrangement each nozzle is made in
two parts of which the upper part 4 is in one with or secured to the corresponding
water supply pipe 6, and is connected to the lower part 4* by a screw-threaded
sleeve 4. The baffle plate 5 is supported centrally below the nozzle by a nut 5*
screwed on the lower end of a rod 5b that passes through the lower part 4* of the
nozzle and has its upper end formed with a tee-shaped head 5° the sides of which
are tapered and simply rest in the correspondingly tapered upper end of the lower
part of the nozzle.
Fig. 8 is a vertical section showing a modified construction of washing tube
together with the upper tube plate by which it is carried and the lower tube plate
by which it is held laterally in place. In this arrangement the nozzle 4 is provided
with several water outlets and baffle plates 5 5 three being shown-so that
.several annular sheets or streams of water will issue into the tube 3 and through
which the gaseous products must pass on their way to the chimney. Below the
nozzles and baffle plates are arranged a series of superimposed perforated truncated
cones 24 the upper and each alternate one of which is inverted as shown, and the
lowermost of which is carried by a ledge 25 secured to the inner side of the tube 3,
the arrangement being such as to form a zigzag or circuitous passage through
which the gaseous products flow or are forced in an upward or downward direction

page_text: at will, whilst the water flows in a downward direction, so that the former are
brought into intimate contact with the latter and are thereby effectually washed.
Fig. 9 is a similar view to Fig. 3 showing the apparatus provided with a further
modified construction of washing tubes.
Fig. 10 shows in vertical section, and to a larger scale than Fig. 9, one of the
said tubes together with part of the tube plate by which it is suspended.
Fig. 11 is a cross section thereof on the line y y of Fig. 10.
In this arrangement each tube 3, which is shown provided with a water nozzle 4
and baffle plates 5, 5, 5' as in the last described arrangement, is, made of greater
length than the tubes shown in Fig. 3, say for example of about 24 to 36 inches in
length, and about 6 to 12 inches in diameter, its lower end being made of conical
shape and formed with a large number of small holes 3*. Concentrically within the
tube 3 are arranged other tubes 26 formed with vertical ribs 26" by which they are
held at a uniform distance apart so as to form a number of nearly annular spaces
through which the gaseous products can pass. These tubes 26 may be of plain
cylindrical form as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, or of corrugated form as shewn in
Fig. 12 in which case the outer tube 3 may be similarly corrugated as shewn.
In
the former case perforated cones 27 of suitable material may be arranged between
the tubes 26 and within the innermost of these tubes as shewn in Fig. 13. When
this is done the outermost tube 26 and cone 27 may be connected together at their
upper ends and be supported on projections 28 on the inner side of the tube 3, the
innermost tube and intermediate cone being similarly connected at the top and
supported by internal projections 28" on the lower end of the outer tube 26. The
innermost cone 27 simply rests upon projections 28" in the innermost tube 26.
There may be any desired number of rows of such tubes 3 cach row being carried
by a tube plate 2 as shown. The water after issuing from the nozzles 4 in the
form of annular sheets or spray through which the gaseous products pass, runs
down the tubes 3 and more or less close the holes in the lower Iperforated portion
thereof so that the gaseous products in passing through these holes become
effectually washed. Below the lowermost row of tubes 3 there may be arranged
several horizontal perforated plates 29, as shown in Fig. 9, these plates being
suitably supported at the sides by lugs or projections ou the casing or chamber 1.
In some cases the washing apparatus may be constructed with only one or a few
large washing tubes of the kind shown in Figs. 8, 10 and 13.
Fig. 14 shows in central vertical section, and to a larger scale, the construction
of nozzles and baffle plates shown in Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 13.
ID
Figs. 15 and 16 are cross sections on the lines and ¹¹of Figure 14.
this arrangement the upper baffle plate 5 is carried by a tube 30 the upper end of
which is enlarged and fixed in the lower end of the nozzle 4, vertical passages 30*
being formed in the said enlarged end of the tube for the passage of water to the
corresponding baffle plate. The next lowermost baffle 5 is supported by a similar
tube 30 fixed in the lower tubular extension 5* of the baffle plate 5, whilst the
lowermost baffle plate 5 may be carried by an arm 31 fixed to the innermost
tube 26 as shown in Fig. 10.
Although in the drawings the casing or chamber 1 is shown as made of plate
metal, it will be obvious that it may when desired, as where intensely heated gases
have to be dealt with, be built of suitable refractory material such as fire-brick.
In cases where there is not much heat, the upper portion of the casing may be of
wood. The tubes 3 and the pipes and cones therein, when these are used, may
also be made of refractory material such as fire clay where intensely heated
gases have to be dealt with, whilst in other cases they may be of other material
such as metal or wood.
As will be obvious the connections of the apparatus in each arrangement may if
desired be so modified that the gaseous products will be caused to pass downward
through the casing or chamber and tubes therein instead of upward, where the
conditions of working would render this course more convenient.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. Apparatus for washing smoke and gaseous products escaping from boiler and
other furnaces and for creating a draught in such furnaces, wherein the smoke and
gaseous products are caused on their way to the chimney or external atmosphere to
pass through vertical tubes within each of which is or are arranged one or more
water nozzles such as 4 and baffle plates such as 5, these nozzles and baffle
plates being so constructed and arranged that water will issue therefrom in
the form of sheets or spray that will extend to the inner surface of each
tube and through which the smoke and gaseous products must pass on their
way to the chimney or external atmosphere substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the several examples illustrated in the drawings.
2. For washing smoke and gascous products escaping from boiler and other
funaces and for creating a draught in such furnaces apparatus constructed and
arranged substantially as herein before described with reference respectively to and
shown in Figs. 1 and 2; in Fig. 3; in Fig. 4; in Fig. 5; in Fig. 8; and in
Figs. 9, 10, and 11 or modified according to Fig. 12 or according to Fig. 13 of the
drawings and whether or not the nozzles and baffle plates be constructed as
illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, or as in Figs. 14, 15 and 16 of the said
drawings.
Dated this 20th day of Sentember 1893.
EDWIN WARDLE.
JOSEPH HENRY EVERS.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.