matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN STAMPS OR PRESSES FOR MARKING THE PRICES OF GOODS, PART OF WHICH INVENTION IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER STAMPS OR PRESSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Millar at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th March 1867.
İ, ADAM MILLAR, Mechanician, residing at Number Nineteen, John Street,
Pentonville, London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STAMPS OR PRESSES FOR
MARKING THE PRICES OF GOODS, PART OF WHICH INVENTION IS APPLICABLE TO OTHER
STAMPS OR PRESSES," to be as follows:-
Firstly, in arranging the numerals or other equivalent characters for
stamping prices upon the peripheries of rings, discs, or wheels, similar to the
arrangement for dating stamps described in Aspinall's Specification, Patent
Number One thousand five hundred and thirty-six, dated June Fifth, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Secondly, in forming an opening in the side of either or both of the tubular
casings or framings which carry or contain the several parts of the press or
stamp, through which opening the inking pad may be inserted and with-
drawn.
Thirdly, in attaching one or more thicknesses of the cloth or other bibulous
material which forms the inking pad to an open frame, which shall be easily
removeable from the surface on which it rests by means of a joint or other-
wise, so as when so removed a supply of ink may be applied to the interior
surface of the cloth or other bibulous material.
Fourthly, in an improved mode of effecting the self-inking action of the
wheels on which the numerals are arranged (which action is a combination of
a balf revolution and an upward movement) by arranging the parts which

page_text: effect the action all on one of the two sides of the stamp through which the
axis of revolution passes..
The second, third, and fourth parts of the Invention are also applicable to
stamps or presses for various other purposes, such as marking dates and
numbers, endorseing and cancelling documents and other papers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR ORNAMENTING, PRINTING, COLORING, ENAMELLING, STAINING, CUTTING, CREASING, BENDING, AND MANUFACTURING ARTICLES FROM WOOD AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Tomlinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd July
1867.
I, EDWARD TOMLINSON, of 85, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Printer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR ORNAMENTING, PRINTING, COLORING, ENAMELLING,
STAINING, CUTTING, CREASING, BENDING, AND MANUFACTURING ARTICLES FROM WOOD
AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in printing or placing designs
or labels on wood, card, paper, metals, and particularly on wood and scale-
board for match or other boxes which are printed or stamped and cut through
at one operation, and for boxes creased and bent, the whole being the result of
the same combined action. This is accomplished by placing knives, cutters,
or rules made of any suitable material in combination with the printing press
or any suitable machine (either cylindrical or flat pressure), that is, the knives
or cutters are fixed in the required position in the form, or that part that
receives the pressure resulting from the action of printing, so that the wood,
or card, or paper, or other materials is first cut through and then stamped or
printed, and with boxes creased or bent, the whole being the result of the
same combined action, or in some cases to perform one or more of the said.
operations at one and the same time. In some cases however I prefer to
print the design or label first, and cut, crease, and bend after; in other cases.
I prefer to print or place the design on paper or other sheets of material, and.

page_text: then mount the said sheets upon the wood, and then cut, crease, or bend after ;
in other cases to mount the sheets before printing or stamping; in other
cases to cover the wood or other sheets of material by enamelling with color,
then print, crease, and bend after. These processes are very advantageous in
preparing show and advertisement boards, tablets, facias, advertising letters
on glass, also spills, matches, match or other boxes, envelopes, railway or other
cards, and for general advertising or ornamenting, also for the decorating of
the inside and outside of houses.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ratcliffe and George
Wolstencroft at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th April 1867.
We, JOHN RATCLIFFE, Overlooker, and GEORGE WOLSTENCROFT, Sub-
manager, both of Farnworth, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to relieve the shuttle from the pressure of
the levers projecting from the stop rod when the shuttle is ready to be picked
or propelled through the shed, and to apply the pressure when the shuttle
has entered the shuttle box. In order to accomplish these operations we
connect a rod to one of the crank arms, this rod is jointed to one end of a
double lever, the other end of which is connected by a spring to a lever
projecting from the stop rod. As the crank arm rises and falls by the
revolution of the crank shaft the stop rod is turned partly round in contrary
directions at the proper times for relieving the shuttle before it is picked, and
for applying pressure thereto when it has arrived in the shuttle box; or our
Invention may be modified by actuating the double lever above referred to
by means of a tappet. By means of these improvements less power is
required for driving the loom and a considerable saving in wear and tear is
effected.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC WOVEN FABRIC APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF GLOVES, DRAWERS, UNDER SHIRTS, AND OTHER ELASTIC ARTICLES USUALLY MADE FROM LOOPED OR KNITTED FABRICS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Turner and William
Hemsley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th July 1867.
We, ARCHIBALD TURNER, of Leicester, Elastic Fabric Manufacturer, and
WILLIAM HEMSLEY, of Melbourne, in the County of Derby, Silk Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC WOVEN FABRIC APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF
GLOVES, DRAWERS, UNDER SHIRTS, AND OTHER ELASTIC ARTICLES USUALLY MADE
FROM LOOPED OR KNITTED FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of "An Improved Manufacture of Elastic Fabric applicable
to the Manufacture of Gloves, Drawers, Under Shirts, and other Elastic
Articles usually made from Looped or Knitted Fabrics," consists in manufac-
turing a woven fabric in a peculiar manner, so that articles when made of it
shall have the required amount of elasticity, which heretofore bas only been
obtainable by making such articles of looped or knitted fabrics. This object
is effected by weaving the fabric diagonally, that is, causing the weft to pass
through the shed and across the warp in a diagonal direction at about an angle
of 45° instead of at right angles to the warp threads, as is now generally the
case in producing woven fabrics. To this end the dents of the reed are placed
diagonally to its length, thus 7/1 7, instead of at right
T

page_text: structed in the manner above set forth is placed in the loom
in a diagonal position in relation to the warp threads thus,
so that when the shoot or weft is beaten up by the
batten it will lie in the fabric at an angle to the warp
threads of about 45°. The fabric when woven is pre-
pared and finished in a stretching and dressing machine,
in which the bars which carry the tenter hooks have a
peculiar compound motion communicated to them; this ☑
motion consists of an advancing motion on one side
of the machine in combination with a motion inwards
towards the bars or hooks on the other side of the
machine, so that the interstices between the threads will be of a diamond or
lozenge form instead of rectangular, as in ordinary woven fabrics. When
articles such as gloves, drawers, or under shirts are cut out of a woven fabric
so made they will possess the required amount of elasticity, the same as if they
were made of a looped or knitted fabric, and a fine quality of goods may be
made.with a much coarser and consequently cheaper yarn than that required
to produce an equally fine quality of goods from knitted fabrics.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SINGLE CYLINDER PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harper at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th May
1867.
I, JOHN HARPER, of Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SINGLE CYLINDER PRINTING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
"
These improvements apply principally to the inking apparatus of single
cylinder printing machines. Instead of driving the "doctor" roller (which
furnishes the composition roller with ink) by means of bevil gearing and shaft
placed outside the framing of the machine in connection with the spur wheel
shaft as usual, I drive the said roller by means of gearing placed entirely
within the said framing and actuated directly from the main driving shaft, so that
the machine occupies less space and the danger of outside gearing is avoided.
Part of this gearing consists of a wheel having spur teeth round its circum-
ference, and also three concentric circles or segments of teeth on its face, so that
by sliding a pinion into gear with one or other of these circles or segments of
teeth the doctor roller can be driven at a greater or less speed, as may be required,
and the cone pulleys usually employed for that purpose are dispensed with..
When it is desired to stop the supply of ink without stopping the revolution
of the machine all that is requisite is to slide the pinion into a position between
two of the circles or segments of teeth and the revolution of the doctor roller
is stopped immediately.

page_text: Another improvement consists in having a rod constantly revolving in the
ink so as to keep it in motion, and hence at an equable temperature in cold
weather, thereby avoiding the necessity for the frequent application of heat
thereto. By these means ink of a much inferior quality and lower cost
than that hitherto employed may be used, however fine may be the work
required, thus effecting a considerable economy, more especially in color
printing.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WARMING OR HEATING BUILDINGS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Justinian Newcome at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1867.
I, HENRY JUSTINIAN NEWCOME, of 49, King William Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR WARMING OR HEATING BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing apparatus for the above purpose in
the following manner:-To the top of a close stove I affix a short upright
pipe serving as the flue of the stove; to this pipe I connect horizontally two,
four, or more circular hollow boxes, each fitted with a sliding damper, the
said dampers being placed at an angle sideways so that the edges of the
damper shall touch or nearly so the top and bottom of the said box, and at
the same time leave a free passage for the smoke to pass up the pipe or flue
aforesaid into the box, when the damper is pushed over the opening or open
end of the said flue, thus compelling the smoke and heat to circulate in the
said box and pass thence into the next uppermost box, and so on through
each box, thereby heating the entire surface of each box and the air which
comes into contact therewith. When all the dampers are pulled outwards
the smoke and heat will then pass direct up the chimney or flue and not
circulate in the aforesaid boxes, so that according to the extent to which the
dampers are pulled out or pushed in, so as to cover or uncover the openings

page_text: in the flue more or less, by these means the temperature of the room in which
the apparatus is may be regulated. The above apparatus is intended to be
portable, and when required for use has simply to be placed near
fire-place, so as to lead the upper end of the flue of the apparatus into the
flue of the chimney.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO POUCHES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Inderwick at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th January
1867.
I, GEORGE INDERWICK, of Princes Street, Leicester Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Pipe Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO POUCHES," to be as follows:-
My improved tobacco pouches I make principally of india-rubber of the
ordinary kind used for that purpose, but other materials may be employed. I
make them somewhat of an oblate spheroidal forn, but very much flattened,
the access being by a circular, oval, or other shaped opening in one of the
flattened sides; for this purpose I provide the opening with a metal rim on
which I apply a metal disc secured thereto by a pivot at one side, on which
pivot the disc cover may be moved round so as to disclose and uncover the
opening to the pouch. This cover instead of revolving in a lateral direction
may be hinged so as to rise up or close like a snuff box lid, a suitable spring
being applied in the hinge to keep it closed, or it may be secured with a snap.
Although a circular opening will answer the purpose, and I have mentioned
the cover as being a disc, I prefer to make the opening of an oval or oblong
form as more convenient for the insertion of the fingers to remove the contents.
Instead of a hinged or rotating cover I sometimes use a kind of plug or bung
as it may be termed, which may be of gutta percha, leather, or other material,
it is formed with a groove around its periphery into which the edge of the
opening in the pouch is received. The opening formed in the pouch in this

page_text: case has no metallic binding, and is stretched so as to collapse sufficiently
tight in the groove. This arrangement of groove may be reversed, the groove
being in a thickened edge of the hole in the pouch, and the plug formed with
a thin edge entering said groove. The grooved plug above mentioned I
sometimes make with the upper surface and rim forming part of the groove
to fold upwards in two parts, hinged across the middle, forming a hand hold
to insert or withdraw the plug and otherwise rendering the operation easier.
The pouch may be circular, as before mentioned, or of an oval or other form,
the sides of which (the pouch being of soft flexible material) collapse or fall
together when empty, but when filled distend in proportion and become (if
circular) somewhat of the oblate spheroidal form.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER PULP
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
November 1867.-A communication from abroad by John W. Dixon, of
Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PAPER
PULP," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the use of a circulating pump in combination with
a wood or straw pump digester, whereby the digesting liquor is forced to
circulate continuously through the vegetable fibrous mass to be pulped. In
combination with such a digester and pump it is also proposed to employ a
coil or other means of heating the circulating liquor on its passage to and
from the digester; or the heat, instead of being applied to the liquor through.
a coil or other arrangement of pipes situate, say, in a furnace, or externally of
the digester, may be applied directly to the digester itself.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN TENT POLES FOR REGULATING THE TENSION FROM THE INTERIOR OF THE TENT OR MARQUEE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Deane at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th March
1867.
I, EDWARD DEANE, of 1, Arthur Street East, London Bridge, in the City
of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TENT POLES FOR REGULATING THE TENSION FROM THE INTERIOR OF THE
TENT OR MARQUEE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to tents and marquees for military and other pur-
poses, and consists of certain improvements in their poles or internal supports,'
the object of which improvement is to enable persons to regulate the strain
upon the canvas and the tension of the tent lines from the interior, and thus
obviate the necessity for the occupiers to pass outside in rainy weather for that
purpose, so objectionable in the case of military tents to troops in camp on a
wet night.
On one side of the socket, which is usually fixed to the bottom part of such
poles, I cut a slot, leaving sufficient of the cylinder for strength at the top and
bottom entire; at the lower end of the upper half of the pole I bore a hole to
receive a removeable screw cleat which is inserted in the said hole through
a slot when the upper and lower halves of the pole are fitted together; upon
this cleat I mount a pulley box with two sheaves, one above and the other
below the said cleat; at the top of the socket above the slot I form a recess to
receive the tongue of another pulley box carrying three sheaves, one above
another, the pulley box being also removeable, both pulley boxes, tongue, and

page_text: cleat being made of such a size that when the poles are separated and the boxes
detached the latter can be packed away and contained in the empty socket.
To regulate the height of the upper part of the pole in this socket, and thus to
ease or tighten the canvas and cords, I make fast to the cleat box a cord and
reeve it over and under the sheaves of the upper and lower pulley boxes
before mentioned and then tighten up the cord, and thus raise and lower the
top of the pole as required, and fix it by making the free end of the regulating
cord fast about the cross head of the cleat.
In some cases I add a toothed or notched rack in the side of the socket end
of the upper pole and mount a wheel or jointed lever ratchet and pawl upon
the socket; in other cases a screw or other mechanical equivalent may be
employed, but in practice I prefer the means first above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FISH Hooкs
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Fenton and James Sandi-
lands at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 31st August 1867.
We, ALBERT FENTON, of Redditch, in the County of Worcester, Machinist,
and JAMES SANDILANDS, of Redditch, aforesaid, Fishing Rod Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FISH Hooкs," to be as follows:-
Our improvements in machinery to be employed in the manufacture of fish
hooks consists of the following arrangement or combination of parts for filing
or finishing the points and sides of the barbs of fish hooks.
:
The said machinery consists of a horizontal shaft working in bearings, and
provided with a fly wheel and fast and loose pulleys. Upon the said shaft two
steel cylinders are mounted, one of the said cylinders being provided with
semicircular grooves, and the other with V-shaped grooves. The said grooves
of the cylinders are made into filing or cutting surfaces, and are of different
sizes for filing different sizes of fish hooks. The cylinders or circular files
described are composed of a series of steel disks strung upon the shaft, and
bound together by collars. The fish hooks to be filed or finished are fixed in
a holder upon a horizontal table or a slide working in a dovetail on the bed of
the machine. A rapid rotatory motion being given to the cylinders or circular
files the table carrying the fish hooks, is advanced by a lever towards the said

page_text: circular files, and the points of the barbs of one set are filed or finished by the
semicircular grooves of one circular file, and the sides of the barbs of another
set are filed or finished by the V-shaped grooves of the other circular file. The
fish hooks are fed to the holder by hand or by a hopper, or in any other
convenient manner.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MEANS OF TINTING OR COLORING ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS AND FOLIAGE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
September 1867.-A communication from abroad by Octave Eugène
Fillion, Artificial Flower Manufacturer, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OF TINTING OR COLORING ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS AND FOLIAGE,"
to be as follows:-
Hitherto artificial flowers and foliage have been tinted or colored by
moistening the material of which they are composed, and then impregnating
them with the coloring matter until it becomes fixed, after which they are
dried; by another mode they are also colored with brushes or hair pencils,
this process requiring considerable time and taste in the arrangement of the
colors.
According to this Invention I apply the colors by the aid of chromo-litho-
graphy, by which means I obtain the desired result in a speedy, economical,
and more perfect manner than hitherto, mineral colors being employed
instead of vegetable ones, which are infinitely more expensive. Thus I take
sheets of paper or other fabric of silk, cotton, or other material ordinarily
employed for the manufacture of artificial flowers and foliage, and by means
of the chromo-lithographic process print thereon the designs in colors in
imitation of nature; the said flowers or foliage are then prepared in the

page_text: ordinary way, that is to say, varnished and treated with glycerine, wax, or
otherwise, in order to give them a transparent appearance, after which they
are cut out, crimped, rolled, stiffened, and mounted in the usual way.
The Invention thus consists in the application of chromo-lithography in
the manufacture of artificial flowers or foliage for the purpose of tinting or
coloring the same.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE REGULATION OF UP AND DOWN CURRENTS OF AIR IN SHAFTS OR CHIMNEYS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cooke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd September
1867.
I, WILLIAM COOKE, of 24, Jermyn Street, Saint James's, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE REGULATION OF UP AND DOWN CURRENTS OF AIR IN
SHAFTS OR CHIMNEYS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of an apparatus that effectually regulates the up and
prevents the down draught in shafts or chimneys by means of the application
of outer flanges or breaks to an upright tube or shaft open at both ends,
having angular or other shaped openings in the sides, with inner tubes
perpendicularly arranged so as to direct the upward current of the air or
smoke, permitting it freely to ascend, the whole apparatus acting as an
exhauster of the air, facilitating the upward current, the openings at the sides
serving as escapes for the downward current.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS AND VALVES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Maschwitz at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March
1867. A communication from abroad by Manuel Grumbach, of Frank-
fort-on-Maine.
I, CHARLES MASCHWITZ, the younger, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS AND VALVES," to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists of the arrangement or combination herein-after
described of the parts of taps and valves, by which arrangement or combination,
great simplicity of construction is secured with non-liability to derangement.
The body of the tap or valve consists of a chamber divided into two parts by a
horizontal plate or diaphragm, the entrance pipe opening into the upper, and
the exit pipe opening into the lower chamber. In the plate or diaphragın
separating the two chambers is an opening constituting a valve seat, and upon
the said opening is a flap or valve of leather or other flexible material. A short
metal rod passes through the said flap or valve and terminates in a convex
head on the under side of the said flap or valve. The said short rod is fixed to
the valve by a screw nut, between the screw nut and the leather a thick plate
of metal may be placed of larger size than the area of the valve seat. The said
plate of metal on the upper side and the head of the metal rod on the under side

page_text: of the flap or valve give the required weight and rigidity thereto. In the lower
chamber or division of the tap or valve is a horizontal axis situated a short
distance below and crossing the valve seat. The said axis projects from the
tap or valve case on one side and is provided with a handle by which it may
be turned; upon the said axis and immediately under the flap or valve an
excentric is fixed. By turning the axis the excentric may be made to act
upon the metal head on the under side of the valve and lift the said valve.
The liquid can now pass from the upper chamber to the lower chamber and
escape by the exit pipe of the said lower chamber. By turning the axis
until the excentric no longer bears against the flap or valve the latter fulls
by its own weight and is held tightly to the valve seat by the pressure of the
superincumbent liquid. Instead of the flat flap or valve described a spherical
or ball valve may be employed. In this case a circular valve seat is made
in the plate or diaphragm of the tap or valve for the reception of the said
spherical or ball valve. The axis by which the tap or valve is worked may
be turned by hand, or by a float or ball, or by a rack or lever according to the
purpose to which the tap or valve is applied.
Taps or valves made according to the said Invention may either be used
for liquids, gases, or vapours, when used for liquids a strainer may be put at
the entrance of the upper chamber of the tap or valve.
A PROCESS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES BY MEANS OF CARTRIDGES COMPOSED OF THE MOST IMPROPER MATERIALS TO COMBUSTION. DILUTED IN WATER FOR PROJECTING ON FIRE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Marie Muterse at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th May
1867.
I, JEAN MARIE MUTERSE, of the Town of Guérande, Departement de la
Loire Inférieure, in the Empire of France, Chemist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A PROCESS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES BY
MEANS OF CARTRIDGES COMPOSED OF THE MOST IMPROPER MATERIALS TO COMBUSTION.
DILUTED IN WATER FOR PROJECTING ON FIRE," to be as follows:-
The principle of my Invention is founded upon the eminently extinguishing
and well known property of chloridric acid gas.
My extinguishing cartridges are made with the residuum of salt pits. or
marshes, which has not hitherto been employed for this purpose. The said
residues are composed of sulphates of magnesium and sodium and chloride of
magnesium; the two first salts do not contain extinguishing principles, but
chloride of magnesium produces it abundantly when diluted in water and
under the action of heat or fire.
The extinguishing cartridges are merely composed of powdered chlorized
silicate of alumina (in other words, aluminous silicate united to chlorine),
and the residuum of salt pits impregnated to saturation with chloride of
magnesium; the great deliquescence of this chloride prevents my using it
alone, and compels me to mix it with silicate of alumina already containir g
chlorine.

page_text: The cartridges are made as follows:-A waterproof tube-shaped paper bag
containing about two pounds of the aforesaid powder is folded and sealed up
at both ends. To use it for extinguishing one end of the paper tube is torn
open and its contents poured in water, the proportion required is about 5 or 6
per cent. of the extinguishing powder, which is dissolved, and the said water so
saturated is projected on the burning points, either by means of a fire engine,
watering pump, bucket, or even with the hand, when the fire begins to break
out it will be almost instantaneously subdued, even if the conflagration be
fed by the most inflammable materials, such as rosin, tar, petroleum, alcobol,
or essences.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR VITRIFYING IRON, CAST IRON, AND STEEL
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Balloubey at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th February
1867.
I, JOSEPH BALLOUHEY, of Passavant, Haute Saone, in the Empire of France,
Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR VITRIFYING IRON, CAST IRON, AND STEEL," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
The object of my Invention is to vitrify iron, cast iron, and steel so as to
preserve these metals from oxidation. For that purpose I place those metals
in contact with the bases which constitute white glass, and I raise them to a
temperature which allows of converting the iron into a silicate of iron in order
to preserve it from oxidation.
The operation is effected in the following manner :-The silica being
mixed with the elements and bases which constitute white glass, that is
to say, potass, soda, oxyde of lead, and lime. I apply this mixture on
the surfaces to be protected of the iron, cast iron, steel, and the whole
is raised to a temperature which allows of vitrifying it and converting the iron
into silicate of iron.
IMPROVEMENTS FOR SPEEDILY AND EFFECTUALLY REMOVING SNOW FROM ROADS AND STREETS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Crane at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th September
1867.
I, GEORGE CRANE, of 91, Vauxhall Walk, Lambeth, Surrey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS FOR SPEEDILY AND
EFFECTUALLY REMOVING SNOW FROM ROADS AND STREETS," to be as follows:-
To provide a small steam boiler on a land carriage, drawn by one or two
horses, for the production of steam at a pressure of about 40 lbs. ; the boiler
to be provided with pipes or hose to convey the steam and apply it as
follows: A gang of men to be employed in bringing the snow by scraping it up,
or in hand barrows from the more distant parts, that is, from equal distances
between the openings to the sewer to the openings. A perforated iron shield
to be placed over the opening to keep the snow from actual contact with the
grating of the sewer. The pipe or hose from the boiler to be inserted beneath
this shield, and the steam allowed to play upon the snow as fast as the latter
can be conveyed and piled upon the shield. The boiler, if only one is
employed, can then be removed to the next opening and the process repeated,
the snow being brought or swept to it from both sides. In lieu of the shield
a trough or hopper may be used, which more though cumbrous would more
rapidly dispose of the snow, as a large quantity of snow may be acted upon
and the waste of steam be greatly reduced. I calculate that by this process,
with 40 lbs. pressure and a pipe of one inch diameter, from 15 to 20 tons of
snow may be disposed of in one hour.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN METALIC PACKING TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THE 'GLANDS AND STUFFING BOXES' OF VALVES OR CYLINDERS USED FOR STEAM OR LIQUID
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Shorrock Ashton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd August 1867.
I, WILLIAM SHORROCK ASHTON, of Darwen, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN METALIC PACKING TO BE EMPLOYED FOR
THE 'GLANDS AND STUFFING BOXES' OF VALVES OR CYLINDERS USED FOR STEAM
OR LIQUID," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of preventing the escape of steam
or water from "glands," "stuffing boxes," or similar bearings or guides, through
which piston or other rods or valve spindles slide or move.
The improvements consist in the employment of a novel arrangement and
application of metallic spring packing within the "gland" or stuffing box,
such spring packing being constructed to embrace the sliding rod in such a
manner as to exert lateral pressure on the rod or spindle, which pressure may
be adjusted so as to prevent steam or water escaping through the "gland" or
stuffing box.
The metallic packing consists of several pieces. A cylindrical metallic block
is first placed in the "box" of the "gland" or "stuffing box," and this block
has a conical recess formed therein encircling the sliding rod, within which
recess a split ring of corresponding conical form is placed, the inner surface
of which is also conical or bevilled, and contains a helical or spiral spring, the
outside bearing surface of which corresponds with the conical or bevil-surface

page_text: of the split ring, and its interior surface embraces and acts upon the slide rods.
The cap of the "gland" when in position bears upon the upper edge of this
spring, so that the greater the pressure exerted upon the spring by the cap
when screwed down the closer the rod will be embraced by the spring, thereby
preventing any escape of steam, water, or other fluid through the joint. The
cylindrical portion of the cap sliding in the "gland" and pressing upon the
circular spring is provided with one or more diagonal grooves, for the purpose
of allowing a slight yield that will allow of its ready adjustment to the piston
rod, preventing thereby any uneven or irregular binding or friction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS' LAMPS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Cosset Dubrulle at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, ou the 29th
June 1867.
I, CHARLES COSSET DUBRULLE, of No. 20, Grande Place, of the City of
Lille, Department of the Nord, Empire of France, Lamp Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS' LAMPS,"
to be as follows :-
The object of this Invention is to improve the safety lamp employed in
mines and other works. The principle of this lamp is that it cannot be opened
without lowering the cotton or wick and extinguishing the lamp if it had been
lighted. However, let us suppose that notwithstanding the utmost supervision
a miner after extinguishing his lamp wished to relight it for his own use
without applying the safety wire gauze, there is as yet nothing to prevent
such imprudence, and this defect I propose to remedy. For additional security
I provide the lamp with a second fastening which prevents the removal of the
wire
gauze unless the fastening is opened by a particular key. This fastening
is composed of a small bent pin fitted into a case, which pin by being moved
forward or backward by means of the key can prevent a cranked pin having
one end in a hole in the cover of the oil box from changing its position.
When the end of the cranked pin after passing through the hole abuts against
a projection in the frame of the lamp the wire gauze is retained in its place
and the frame prevented from being unscrewed off the oil case or bottom part

page_text: of the lamp, and when the bent pin is under the cranked pin the lamp cannot
be opened; but when it is required to be opened as before the bent pin is
drawn out so as to present no obstacle to the lowering of the cranked pin. In
order to prevent as much as possible a key being procured to fit these lamps
I bore the key and form in the hole a square left-handed thread, and the end
of the bent pin is screwed to correspond with it. In order to hold the wire gauze
or the glass tube perfectly in contact with the body of the lamp I employ a
flanged ring having a screwed thread, and screw the ring on to the said body
of the lamp.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC CASES POR PRESERVED FOOD
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th February
1867. A communication from abroad by Joseph Jean Marie Rebours,
of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC CASES POR PRESERVED FOOD," a communication
to me from abroad by Joseph Jean Marie Rebours, of Paris, in the Empire
of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of air-tight metallic cases for
containing preserved food of any kind, whereby the hermetically closing or
sealing of the same may be more readily and effectually accomplished.
The essential feature of the sd. Invention consists in constructing such
cases with double sides, for which purposes two similar metal cases are made,
each having an end with raised edges let into it and secured in its place by
solder, a recess or channel being formed between the junction surfaces to
receive the solder. One of these cases is made just so much larger than the
other as will admit of its slipping over and enveloping it after the manner of
a lid, the closed top of the outer case serving as the cover for the inner one,
whilst the lower lip or edge of such. outer case or envelope coincides with the

page_text: bottom of the inner case containing the substances to be preserved. The
entire case is rendered air tight by soldering the lower edge of the outer
envelope to the bottom rim or edge of the inner case, a channel or recess
being left between to contain the solder, hence the operation of closing the
case can be readily effected by an ordinary workman. These cases may be
made of a cylindrical form or square, such for example, as are used for sardines.
In making the inner cylindrical cases care should be taken to clip together the
two adjoining edges of the bent plate so that the joint shall not present any
external projection, whilst in like manner no internal projection shall be left
on the outer case or envelope; the two cases will thus fit together accurately,
and in order to facilitate the introduction of the inner case inside the outer
envelope, it is preferred to reduce it slightly at the top, and for the purpose
of ensuring the outer case or envelope fitting tightly on to the inner one the
lower end of the latter is expanded slightly, and a channel or groove as before
stated formed between the two surfaces at the bottom for containing the
closing solder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING HORN AND WHALEBONE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Beck at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th December
1867.
I, CHARLES BECK, of 4, Queen Street, Cheapside, in the City Londou,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
JOINING HORN AND WHALEBONE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in joining horn and whale-
bone. At the present time strips of horn are to some extent used as a
substitute for whalebone in dressmaking and for similar purposes, it cannot
however be obtained in lengths suflicient to render it generally useful.
Now according to my Invention 1 join the lengths end to end by lapping
thin brass or other metal around the two ends which are butted together,
and I then insert rivets, pins, or eyelets, through both the metal and the
horn. Or in some cases I allow the ends of the horn to overlap and reduce
the thickness of the ends so overlapping, a band of metal is wrapped round the
ends and rivetted, pinned, or eyeletted through as before, or the ends may be
tapered in width in place of in thickness, and the joint otherwise made as in
the previous case; or the two ends may be notched the one into the other
and secured by a metal band lapped around them without rivets, pins, or
eyelets; or where the ends of the pieces of horn are made to overlap, rivets,

page_text: pins, or eyelets may be used without the lapping band of metal; or the two
ends may be linked together by a thread or wire or metal band passed
through holes in each, and the joint completed by a metal band lapped around
the ends as in the previous cases, and here again rivets, pins, or eyelets are
unnecessary; short pieces of finner or other whalebone may be similarly
joined and rendered fit for use.
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING IRON INTO BARS, STRIPS, AND SHEETS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Jones Leonard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th November 1867.
I, THOMAS JONES LEONARD, of Castlefield, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County
of Durham, Roll Turner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING IRON INTO BARS, STRIPS, AND SHEETS,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the rolling of iron by returning
the heated metal after it has passed between the rolls back to the front of the
rolls so as to repeat the operation with the least possible expenditure of time.
By thus quickening the return of the metal to the rolls, the loss of heat as
compared with what takes place with the metal when subjected to the ordinary
process of rolling will be diminished sufficiently to admit of longer lengths of
bars, strips, or sheets being operated upon than heretofore, whereby a great
economy will be effected in the process of rolling.
I employ a pair of rolls of the usual construction and feed the heated
metal thereto in the usual way. Supposing that bars are to be rolled, the
rolls are formed with suitable grooves graduated to allow of the gradual
reduction of the heated metal to the required sectional form and after having
passed between the rolls the metal falls down on to a lower bed or table. The

page_text: face of this table on to which the rolled metal falls is grooved in a manner
corresponding to the grooves of the rolls, and serves to direct the metal back
into the grooves of the under roll. In front of the lower roll a segment
shaped frame is placed and this frame is fitted with antifriction rolls suitably
proportioned to enter the grooves of the roll, and thus ensure the travelling
of the rolled metal returned to the lower roll upwards to enter again the
bite of the rolls. When light work is under operation the spring of a fixed
frame may suffice to ensure the entrance of the rolled metal into the grooves
of the roll; but for heavier work I use a rocking frame to carry the guide
rollers, mounting the frame on a fulcrum placed at or about a level with the
axle of the lower roll; by pressing this frame upwards by hand as the rolled
metal is returned to the roll by the attendant in the rear, the metal will be
firmly gripped and carried up rapidly into the bite of the rolls to be again
passed between them. This operation will be repeated until the metal has
passed through the required number of courses, but inasmuch as the time
occupied in transferring it from groove to groove will be materially reduced
by the use of the segmental antifriction guide, the retention of the heat in the
metal during the operation will be such as to allow of greater time being
allowed in the actual rolling, and consequently greater lengths of metal than
heretofore can be operated upon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE, APPLICABLE TO STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bellhouse at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st June 1867.
I, WILLIAM BELLHOUSE, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR CONSUMING SMOKE, APPLICABLE TO STEAM
BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in furnaces in order to
consume the smoke, such improvements being applicable to steam boilers
and to other furnaces. I propose to form an additional bridge behind the
furnace bars so as to form an air chamber, which is covered with a grid or
series of bars with spaces between each, the level of these bars being higher
than those of the furnace bars; at the rear of the additional division or
bridge a hole is made to receive a pipe or tube, which is carried to the rear.
of the boiler and extended vertically to a funnel-shaped inlet. By this
arrangement the products of combustion in their passage through the flue are
carried over the grid, where they are met by a supply of air which is heated
in its passage through the tube by the heat of the furnace, and consequently
the smoke and gases are mingled with the air and consumed. In the event
of any coal or fuel being thrown (in feeding the furnace) beyond the fire-
bars and through the grid. into, the air chamber a door is fitted in the bridge
to permit of clearing out the chamber from such fuel, soot, or other impurity.
To the door of the furnace a chain is attached passing over the boiler, and
carried on grooved pullies, whence it is connected to a hinged lid on the top

page_text: of the funnel or inlet of the air tube, so that every time the furnace door is
opened the lid is raised, whereby a full supply of air is given at the moment
of feeding the furnace; and in order to regulate the gradual descent of the
lid I propose to attach to and underneath the lid an air-tight india-rubber
ball which the lid acts upon and gradually presses down until the lid is closed,
the effect being that as the coals are gradually consumed and the smoke
reduced the lid becomes closed completely at the time when the fire becomes
red hot, and when there is therefore little or no escape of smoke or gas and
no requirement of a supply of air. A spring or other equivalent may be
attached to the lid in lieu of the india-rubber ball, the object being the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE HEATING OF BAKERS' OVENS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cosgrave at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th August
1867.
I, JOHN COSGRAVE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Baker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE HEATING OF BAKERS' OVENS," to be as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are (a) to heat the oven in less time; (b) to
prevent the escape of "black smoke" into the air from the chimney; and (c)
to economize fuel. To secure these advantages I employ a chaffer box of the
ordinary construction and supply air thereto in the usual way. Instead
however of using a chaffer fitting carefully into the box I employ one formed
with overhanging end flanges so that when shipped or set in position the ends
fit over the box and the sides into it. In this way an increased area is obtained
through which air may be admitted to the fuel, and that it shall be freely
admitted I employ moveable bars with apertures therein, and place them
longitudinally instead of transversely as hitherto has been the practice.