Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Weaving Fabrics
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 20th Nov., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Weaving Fabrics
We, EDWARD SMITH, of 42 Well Street, Bradford, in the County of York,
Manufacturers Agent, and JOHN MADDOCKS, of Well Street, Bradford, aforesaid,
Stuff Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to arrange weaving looms in a manner that, the
ordinary lay beam and picking mechanism may be utilized and the weft drawn
from a large bobbin, cop or ball placed upon a centre peg or spindle mounted on
the loom in any convenient position, so as to be enabled to draw the weft there-
from; and distribute it across the fabric in such a manner, as to weave a longer
length of fabric, without having occasion to stop the loom for the purpose of
replenishing the supply of weft to the shuttle or carrier used for distributing the
weft across the fabric; also to secure the weft in a manner to form a fast selvage
on ech edge of the fabric, as it is woven, without the aid of scissors or other
cutting instruments hitherto used, for severing the weft on one or both sides of
the fabric prior to forming the selvage when weaving from a bobbin, cop or ball
not carried across the loom by a shuttle.
In describing our invention in detail, reference is made to the accompanying
sheet of drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents a plan of the frame and lathe of a
loom with our improvement added, the other portions of the loom which are
ordinary and well known and not effected by our invention are omitted.
Fig. 2 is a section through the line a. b.
The other figures are detached details drawn to a larger scale, are hereinafter
referred to, and in all the figures similar parts are indicated by similar letters
where they appear.
In carrying out our invention the lathe A, picking motions, shafts, healds and
other parts common to looms as ordinarily constructed are operated in the usual
manner.
The bobbin, cop or ball of weft B. from which the supply is obtained, is mounted
upon a spindle supported by a bracket C. attached to one of the end frames D. of
the loom, the thread of weft B. after leaving the bobbin, cop or ball, is supported
by an eyelet guide E. placed between the said bobbin, cop or ball and the lathe A.
Secured to the lathe A. and parallel to the reed G. is a plate H. shown by
Fig. 3, this plate has a slot hole H'. cut therein, through which the weft B¹. is
conducted to the shuttle or weft carrier F. and is distributed by same through the
ye F. shown in dotted lines by Fig. 4 and by cross section Fig. 5, the latter also
howing the cover plate F. which is secured to the block of the shuttle or weft
carrier F. in any convenient manner, a slot hole or space being left clear of the
huttle or weft carrier block on one side at F3. for allowing free movement of the
veft B. when the shuttle or weft carrier is entering or leaving the box K. the

page_text: cover plate F preventing the weft rising out of the shuttle or weft carrier and
coming in contact with the picker, when in the last named box.
When the shuttle or weft carrier F. is struck by the picking motion from the
box K. at one end of the lathe A. to the box K. at the opposite end, a double
thread of weft is delivered across the open shed of the warp W. and laid some-
what in the form or direction as shown by lines B. and 133, the thread of weft 13ª
being fast to the fabric F. at the selvage M, the other portion of the weft or
threal B³. passes from the eye of the carrier F. across the open shed and through
the before mentioned slot hole H¹. to the bobbin, cop or ball of weft B.
During the time the shuttle or weft carrier F. is in the box K. and before there
is any closing or change in the shed of the warp, the lathe A is moved forward
and the two portions B. and B3. of the weft thread B¹. are beaten up by the reed G.
A finger J. is then caused to descend and press the portion of thread B. laving
outside the edge of the fabric F. downwards, such a distance that, the thread is
looped around the end of the conical tube L. carried by a light support L'. shown
in plan by Fig. 6, sectional elevation through c. d. by Fig. 7 and end view by
Fig. 8. This conical tube shown about full size by sectional elevation Fig. 9
the hollow of which, is filled with the cop of thread; the end of the thread is
passed around one or more of the small bars L³. near the small end of same for
obtaining the necessary tension, and is finally secured to the selvage M. of the
fabric.
The thread of weft B. having been pressed downwards during the beat up of
the weft to engage with the underside of the conical tube L. at the end largest
in diameter; on the return of the lathe A. the thread B. is put in tension causing
the loop of the said thread to slide towards and over the point of the conical
tube L. and loop itself around the thread T. passing from the conical tube L. to
the selvage M. of the fabric, thus retaining the thread B2. in the required position
during the return of the shuttle or carrier F. from the box K'. to the box K. and
thereby leaving the two portions B. and B3. of the weft thread B¹. in one shed of
the warp W.
Before the shuttle or weft carrier F. is driven back to box K¹. the lathe and
reed G. beat up the weft a second time, and the healds which are of the ordinary
construction and operated in the ordinary manner are then changed, thus securing
the two portions BB. and B3. of the weft thread B. in the fabric and selvage M,
the operation of picking and delivery of two portions 12. and B. of the weft
thread B. and securing of same in the fabric is repeated in the manner as herein-
before described.
The before mentioned finger J. is operated at each alternative pick, that is,
every time the shuttle or weft carrier is driven into box K¹. the operation of the
said finger being effected by a small projection N. on the rotating and what is
commonly called the bottom shaft O. of the loom, through the lever P. fulcrummed
at P. and rod P. the latter engaging with a pin P³. secured to the finger lever J¹.
suspended by a fulcrum pin J³.
On the projection N. raising the end of lever P. the rod P. and finger J. are
depressed, the latter to such an extent that the weft B³. is brought in contact with
the conical tube support L'. in a manner that the weft thread B. slides under the
said conical tube on the retreat of the lathe A. looping the weft thread 132. around
the thread T. from the conical tube L. in the manner as before described; the
necessary quick return of the finger J. being assisted by the contraction of spiral
spring Q. shown by Fig. 10 engaging with a stud Q. on finger lever J¹. and plate S.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The weaving of fabrics in a manner that a thread is thrown across the open
shed by a shuttle or weft carrier and laid in two directions so as to form a double

page_text: thread, retaining the double thread in the unaltered open shed until the shuttle
or weft carrier is returned, then operating the healds for changing the shed and
binding the weft threads which are beat up by the reed at every pick of the shuttle
or weft carrier.
2. A loom with which is combined a tube L. containing a cop of thread around
which the weft delivered by the shuttle or weft carrier F. is looped for the purpose
of securing the said weft and weaving it into the selvage of the fabric, all arranged
and operated substantially in the manner and for the purpose as hereinbefore
described.
3. The combination of the finger J. and intermediary connections with the pro-
jection N. on rotating shaft, all arranged and operated substantally in the manner
and for the purpose as herein before set forth.
7
a
1008
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.