IMPROVE- MENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING. TOBACCO
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Russell Rockley, of 46, Cannon Street,
St. Paul's, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING. TOBACCO."
Sealed the 28th August 1868, and dated the 4th March 1868..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Russell
Rockley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 4th March 1868.
I, CHARLES RUSSELL ROCKLEY, of 46, Cannon Street, St. Paul's, in
the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in pipes for smoking
tobacco.
When tobacco is smoked in a pipe together. with the smoke an acrid"
oil is produced which is both disagreeable to the taste and injurious to
the health of the smoker. It is usual to arrest the oil to some extent
by means of a plug or piece of tobacco which is left at the bottom of
the pipe and is not smoked; this however is a very imperfect remedy,
for all the smoke in its passage to the mouth piece has to pass through.

page_text: the tobacco which is saturated with the oil, and is consequently always
in a degree tainted by it; also unless great care be taken by the smoker
the plug is liable to be burnt from time to time, and if the pipe be a
handsome and valuable one of meerschaum injury to its appearance thus
results, for the appearance of a pipe greatly depends on its being at all
times smoked to a uniform level in the bowl..
According to my Invention I form at the bottom of the bowl a conical
or inclined projection, and the draft passage of the pipe opens into the
bowl at the point or apex of this projection; then when the pipe is
filled the tobacco enters the annular groove or space around the cone or
projection at the bottom of the bowl; this tobacco then absorbs all the
oil which distils down the bowl of the pipe during the smoking, and
the oil is effectually prevented from running into the draft passage,
for the mouth of this passage is raised above the groove or space in
which the oil accumulates. It is impossible also, for the same reason,
for the saturated tobacco to be burnt, as no air can be drawn through
it, hence also the appearance of the pipe cannot be injured by smoking
it below the proper level. The cone or projection is most conveniently
made in one piece with the bowl, but it may be made in a separate
piece and cemented into its place.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Russell Rockley in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 4th September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
RUSSELL ROCKLEY, of 46, Cannon Street, St. Paul's, in the City of
London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-cight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Charles Russell Rockley, Her special
licence that I, the said Charles Russell Rockley, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Russell
Rockley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there.

page_text: after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Russell Rockley, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Russell Rockley, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in pipes for smoking
tobacco.
When tobacco is smoked in a pipe together with the smoke an acrid
oil is produced which is both disagreeable to the taste and injurious to
the health of the smoker. It is usual to arrest the oil to some extent
by means of a plug or piece of tobacco which is left at the bottom of
the pipe and is not smoked; this however is a very imperfect remedy,
for all the smoke in its passage to the mouth piece has to pass through
the tobacco which is saturated with oil, and is consequently always in
a degree tainted by it; also unless great care be taken by the smoker
the plug is liable to be burnt from time to time, and if the pipe be a
handsome and valuable one of meerschaum injury to its appearance thus
results, for the appearance of a pipe greatly depends on its being at all
times smoked to a uniform level in the bowl. Plugs of other materials
are also in some cases used, but they are not very efficient.
According to my Invention I form a projection at the bottom of the
bowl, and the draft passage of the pipes opens into the bowl at the point
or apex of this projection; then when the pipe is filled the tobacco
cnters the annular groove or space around the cone or projection at the
bottom of the bowl; this tobacco then absorbs all the oil, which distils
down the bowl of the pipe during the smoking, and the oil is effectually
prevented from running into the draft passage, for the mouth of this
passage is raised above the groove or space in which the oil accumulates.

page_text: of the pipe cannot be injured. by smoking it below the proper level.
The cone or projection is most conveniently made in one piece with
the bowl, but it may be made in a separate piece and cemented into its
place..
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood
and readily carried into effect I will proceed to describe the Drawings
hereunto annexed..
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1 and 1* are longitudinal sections of meerschaum pipes con-
structed according to my Invention. a is the projection within the
bowl of the pipe, it is conveniently made of the form shown, but its
form may be varied so long as it allows the tobacco when the bowl is
filled to descend down around it.. 6 is the draft passage of the pipe
deseending down from the upper end or apex of the projection a, and
then along the stem of the pipe to the mouth piece. In meerschaum
pipes the conc or projection is best formed in one piece with the
bowl, but it may be made separately and be cemented into its place.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a pipe, it may be of wood having
a cone cemented into it; the cone is best made in pipeclay and
burnt, and it has a draft hole through it so arranged as to communicate
with the draft hole in the stem of the pipe, as is shown. The cone is
here set into its place by means of eement; plaster of Paris is suitable.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Russell Rockley, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.