Improvements in Linings for Barrels and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 4th Dec., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Linings for Barrels and the like.
I, CHARLES EDWARD COTTRELL, of 1717 Vine Place, Minneapolis, in the County
of Hennepin, and State of Minnesota, United States of America, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in the art of lining barrels, for holding
flour and other finely comminuted dry substances, which, if not leaky between
the joints of the staves when first used, are liable to become so from the after
shrinking of the staves and from handling during shipment, etc.
In efforts to avoid leakage of finely communited substances from barrels prior
to my invention, it has heen common to line the barrel with overlapping sheets
of paper placed loosely therein, and in some instances to paste a paper lining
throughout the interior stave surface of the barrel; but with loose sheets there
is a leakage between the laps of the paper and considerable inconvenience occa-
sioned and an objectionable loss of time required in placing the sheets in position
during the filling of the barrel; and besides, after the barrel is filled with the
powdered substance there is not sufficient elasticity in the paper to resist splitting
due to the contraction of the staves and the consequent separation at their joints
at the very time when the integrity of the barrel lining is most essential, and
all this is equally true as to paper pasted upon the staves.
Now the object of my invention is to provide a barrel lining of such a character
that it may be readily, quickly and conveniently inserted within the barrel in
its operative position and when so inserted will have no joints opposing the staves
through which powdered substances may escape to the staves, and which is so
constructed that it may and will expand and contract with the stave joints, and
thereby avoid any possibility of its cracking or splitting, and will effectually
prevent leakage of the powdered substances between the joints of the staves
however great may be the separation between said joints or however roughly the
barrel may be handled.
These objects are attained by devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings
in which,
Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a barrel with the head removed and
parts broken away to show the position of my lining therein.
Figure 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of part of a barrel and packer arranged above the
same in its operative position and having sleeved thereon a barrel lining embody-
ing my invention.
Figure 4 is a vertical section through a barrel and lining of my invention
showing the ends of the lining folded over across the heads of the barrel.
Figure 5 is a top plan view of the same with the head of the barrel removed, and
Figure 6 is a transverse section of my lining showing the manner in which the
vertical edges thereof are interlocked to form a tight joint preventing the escape
of powdered substances therethrough.

page_text: In carrying out my invention I take paper of any length and preferably quite
a stiff strong manilla paper, and corrugate it transversely of the roll, which cor-
rugated paper is then cut into suitable lengths so that when placed within the
barrel with the corrugations thereof running lengthwise of the barrel, it shall
overlap substantially as shown in Figure 6, that is to say, so that one or more
of the corrugations along the lapping edges thereof shall be fitted one into the
other and by this means form an angular joint preventing the escape of powdered
substances therethrough. It will be no departure from my invention however,
to coil such corrugated strip within the barrel so as to have two or more thick-
nesses throughout, nor would it be a substantial departure from my invention to
dispense with this lapping of the corrugations and have the two vertical edges
of the lining separated from each other when the space between them is at a
point removed from the joint of a stave as shown in Figure 2, when by so doing
leakage may be avoided, but I prefer to have the joints lapped and locked together
as before stated and as shown in Fig. 6.
In
In the figures of the drawings A indicates a flour or other barrel designed to
hold finely comminuted substances, B my corrugated lining therefor, and in
Figure 3 a packer on which the lining may be sleeved and together with which
the lining may be inserted in the barrel in the process of filling the same.
thus inserting the lining simultaneously with the contents of the barrel, the
lining is sleeved over the packer C as described and secured thereon in any desired
manner such as by means of a simple clamp of any well known or suitable con-
struction or other means, and the barrel is then elevated so as to pass upward
over the pucker and the lining: the flour or other material allowed to descend
into the barrel and the packer finndly withdrawn, leaving the lining between
the barrel and its contents, the corrugations in the lining permitting the latter
to expand under the pressure of the flour or contents and to accurately conform
to the contour of the barrel. As indicated at a in Figure 6 the overlapping joint
before referred to is shown, and at the opening between the opposite edges
thereof at a point between the joints of the staves before referred to.
In some instances it may be desirable to make the lining of a sufficient length
greater than the barrel so that as indicated at c in Figures 4 and 6, the ends of
the lining may be folded over across the barrel head, that is to say, partly across
as shown in Figure 4, or entirely across, but as the leakage of barrels containing
finely powdered substances is at the stave joints and as such leakage may be pre-
vented so long as the lining extends throughout the lengths of the staves, that
is to say, from head to head, it will be no departure from my invention to omit
the end folds above referred to.
It is preferred to have the corrugations or flutes in the lining extend length-
wise of the barrel as shown in the drawings, but it will be no substantial departure
from my invention to use any other form of indentations or folds in the paper
which will give the paper suflicient elasticity to contract and expand with the
contraction and expansion of the slaves to a degree preventing breaking or crack-
ing of the lining and the consequent leakage of the barrel, but in any event the
corrugations and indentations at the lapping edges of the paper when lapped
as above described, should be of such form that the laps will be so locked together
as to form a joint tight enough and of such a character as to prevent the leakage
of the powdered substances therethrough. Nor would it be any substantial
departure from my invention to paste or otherwise permanently fasten the lining
to the barrel so long as such pasting or fastening permits the expansion and con
traction of the lining with the contraction and expansion of the staves to a degree
preventing the cracking or splitting of the lining.
By the word corrugation-as used in the claims is included flutting the paper
or otherwise indenting it in any manner that will serve to give it the expansibility
before referred to and permit the edges thereof to be locked together.
The lining thus described may be composed of any suitable thin material such
as manilla paper as before mentioned, and when used as a fining for flour barrels

page_text: it is desirable to use paper tinted with some color that will contrast with the
flour and thus better display and improve the appearance of the latter when the
barrel is open. This is a desirable feature which will readily be appreciated
by those conversant with the manufacture and sale of flour. In some instances it
is desirable to form the lining of water proof or paraffine paper, which will protect
tuc contents from deterioration by dampness and will be especially useful in
the shipment of cement and other like substances and may be utilized to advantage
in the shipment of drugs and chemicals which could be packed in wood and pro-
vided with this lining and thus protected from deterioration.
The usefulness of my described lining also consists not only in preventing
leakage of the contents of the barrel or package, but also in protecting the con-
tents from superfluous and other deleterious substances adhering to the inner
surface of the barrel, such as charcoal resulting on the inner suface of the barrel
from the latter being scorched or charred when being heated in the process
of manufacture.
My improved barrel lining is easily inserted into the barrel and may be held
in place by the simple pressure of the contents, or if desired, may be secured by
means of paste touched on a few spots at the time the barrel is being completed;
or the lining may be inserted at the time the heading is taken out preparatory
to filling the barrel.
It is also very evident that the exterior of the lining while on the packer C
may be touched at a few spots throughout its surface with a small quantity of
paste and when inserted into the barrel in the described manner, the pressure of
the contents of the barrel will cause the paste to stick the lining to the barrel
or the interior of the barrel may be provided at suitable intervals with a small
amount of paste and when the lining is inserted over the packer the same result
will follow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is:-
1. The combination with a barrel, of a yielding paper lining provided with
corrugations of a character to permit said lining to expand and contract with the
expansion and contraction of the barrel staves and thereby prevent the leakage
of powdered substances therethrough, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with a barrel, of an expansible lining provided with cor-
rugated overlapping vertical edges interlocking at the jointure with each other,
substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with a barrel, of a corrugated lining adapted to expand
and .contract with the expansion and contraction of the stave joints, which said
lining is of greater length than the barrel and is folded over the ends adjacent
the heads thereof, substantially as set forth.
4. The combination with a barrel or vessel, of an expansible corrugated lining
arranged therein and being composed of paraffine or water-proof paper corrugated
lengthwise, substantially as set forth.
CHARLES EDWARD COTTRELL.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C. Agents for the Applicant.