IM- PROVEMENTS IN TREATING THE FLEECES OR NATURAL COVERINGS OF CHORD AND ATHED A VYMATO WHEN ON THE ANIMALS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Stuart, of Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TREATING THE FLEECES OR NATURAL COVERINGS OF
CHORD AND ATHED A VYMATO WHEN ON THE ANIMALS
Sealed the 5th January 1858, and dated the 2nd October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Stuart at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd October 1852.
I, GEORGE STUART, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING THE FLEECES OR NATURAL COVERINGS OP
SHEEP AND OTHER ANIMALS, WHEN ON THE ANIMALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the application and use of a new substance
or compound for the treatment of the fleeces of sheep instead of the
ordinary mixture of tar and butter, or other matters at present or
hitherto used for this purpose. The essential feature of novelty in this
application is, the use of resinous matters or substances derivable there-
from for coating the fibres of the wool before being shorn from the
animal. When the ordinary resin or the resin of commerce, otherwise
termed colophon or colof, is distilled, a resinous oil, commonly known

page_text: as rosin oil, is obtained from the treated substance. With this rosin
oil a quantity of the solid rosin or resinous matter is mixed, the propor-
tions of the component parts being variable within wide limits cor-
responding with the consistency to be given to the mixture, and this
compound is then applied to the fleece in any convenient manner, so
that the fibres become uniformly coated. "In mixing the ingredients
heat may be employed to facilitate the commingling thereof, but heat is
not essentially necessary for that purpose. Although it is preferred to
use this compound for anointing the fleece, yet other resinous matter
may be employed for the same end. For example, either the rosin oil
alone or the rosin alone may be used, or other compounds or mixtures
wherein one or both of these matters are ingredients; the essential
feature of the Invention being the -use and application of resinous or
substances, derivable therefrom for coating the fibres of the wool, so as
to render the wool wholly or partially repellant of moisture, to conduce
to the warmth, comfort, and well being of the animal, to free it from
vermin, and to render the wool more valuable for manufacturing
purposes.
The same general system of treatment is also applicable to the hair
or fleece of the alpaca, and various other animals producing fibrous
materials for the use of man.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
- filed by the said George Stuart in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 1st April 1853..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
GEORGE STUART, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of October, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said George Stuart, Her-special-license-that-I,-the-said
George Stuart, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said George Stuart, my executors, administrators,
.

page_text: and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Chan-
nel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TREATING THE FLEECES OR NATURAL COVERINGS OF SHEEP AND OTHER
ANIMALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Stuart, by an instrument in writing, under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and inmediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Stuart, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that, is to say):
My said Invention relates to the application and use of a new sub-
stance or compound for the treatment, protection, or improvement of the
fleeces of sheep when on the animals, instead of the mixture of tar, and
butter or other préparations hitherto in use for a similar purpose. The
essential feature. of novelty in this application consists in the use of
resinous matters or substances derivable therefrom for coating the fibres
of the wool before the fleece is shorn, from the animal. When the
ordinary resin or the rosin of commerce, otherwise termed colophon or
colofan, is treated by distillation, a resinous oil, commonly known as
rosin oil, is obtained from the treated substance. With this rosin oil I
mix a quantity of the solid rosin or resinous matter, the proportions of
the component parts being variable within wide limits corresponding
with the consistency to be given to the compound, and I then apply this
mixture to the fleece in any convenient and suitable manner, so that
the fibres may become uniformly coated for the purposes to which I have
already referred. In effecting the proper combination of the ingredients
of-the composition- heat may be employed so as to facilitate the due
commingling of such ingredients, but heat is not essentially necessary
for that purpose.
I have also to remark, that although I prefer the use
of this compound for treating the fleeces of sheep, yet other resinous

page_text: matters may be applied for the same end. For example, either the
rosin oil alone or the rosin alone may be so used, or instead thereof
other compounds wherein one or both of these matters are prominent,
and essential ingredients may be adopted; the essential feature of my
Invention being the use and application of resinous matters or substances
derivable therefrom for coating the fibres of the wool, so as to render the
wool wholly or partially repellant of moisture, to conduce to the warmth,
comfort, and well being of the animal, and to render the wool more
valuable for manufacturing purposes.
purposes. And although I have herein-
before specially referred to the treatment of the fleeces of sheep only, I
may remark that the same general system of treatment is also applicable
to the hair or fleece of the alpaca, and various other animals producing
fibrous materials for the use of man.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I may observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or
restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have had
occasion to describe or refer to, as many variations may be made there-
from without deviating from the principles or main features of my
Invention; but what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the system or mode of treating the fleeces of sheep, and the
coats or fibrous coverings of other animals, as herein-before described.
Second, the application and use of rosin or resinous matters, or
matters derivable therefrom, in the treatment of the natural fibrous
coverings of animals.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Stuart, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
GEORGE STUART. (L.S.)