IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Jolly, of Horwich, in the County of
Lancaster, Bleacher, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
FOR STEAM BOILERS.”
Sealed the 21st August 1875, and dated the 16th June 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Jolly at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th June 1875.
I, FREDERIC JOLLY, of Horwich, in the County of Lancaster, Bleacher,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS
IN FURNACES FOR STRAM BOILERS," to be as follows :—
This Invention consists in certain improvements upon the furnaces
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the
11th July 1874, No. 2440.
In the said Specification, and in reference to Fig. 4 of the Drawings,
it is described how the ordinary grate bars are dispensed with, and how
the fire is made over the perforated pipe 9. Now my present Invention

page_text: consists in substituting a coil of copper or other pipes for this perforated
pipe. The heated or other air is forced or supplied into the centre of the
coil, and the air is allowed to escape between the coils of the pipe to
support and increase the combustion of the fuel which surrounds the
coil. One end of the coil of pipes is open to the lower side of the boiler,
and the other is opon through the top of the fluo; by this means a
constant current of water from the coldest part of the boiler through the
coil is insured.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederic Jolly in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 15th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
JOLLY, of Horwich, in the County of Lancaster, Bleacher, send greeting.
•
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year of 1
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Frederic Jolly, Her special licence
that I, the said Frederic Jolly, my executors, administrators, and
assigns; or such others as I, the said Frederic Jolly, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN Furnaces
FOR STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Frederic Jolly, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be 8
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Jolly, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: De performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists in certain improvements upon the furnaces
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me on the
Eleventh day of July 1874, Number 2440.
In the said Specification, and in reference to Fig. 4 of the Drawings,
it is described how the ordinary grate bars are dispensed with, and how
the fire is made over the perforated pipe g. Now my present Invention
consists in substituting a coil of copper or other pipes for this perforated
pipe. The heated or other air is forced or supplied into the centre of the
coil, and the air is allowed to escape between the coils of pipe to support
and increase the combustion of the fuel which surrounds the coil. One
end of the coil of pipes is open to the lower side of the boiler, and the
other is open through the top of the flue; by this means a constant
current of water from the coldest part of the boiler through the coil is
insured.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying two
Sheets of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked
) thereon.
On Sheet 1 Fig. 1 represents a transverse sectional elevation of an
ordinary two-flued cylindrical boiler to which my improvements are
applied; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. In this case the
ordinary grate bars are dispensed with, and the fire is laid partly on the
bottom of the flue a, and partly on the coil of pipes g, which extends
from the bridge to the front of the boiler. Heated or other air for
supporting and promoting combustion is supplied to the pipes f, which
are turned up into the pipes d, as described in the Specification of
Letters Patent above referred to, and the compressed air is forced into
the interior of the coil of pipes g. The compressed air escaping through
the spaces between the pipes g causes a rapid and perfect combustion of
the fuel, thereby preventing smoke, and generating steam economically.
The front ends of the pipes are carried through the bottom of the
flues a into the lower part of the boiler, and the back ends are carried
near the bridge through the upper part of the flues into the upper part
of the boiler to establish a current of water through the coils g from
the bottom of the boiler to the steam space, This current not only

page_text: equalises the temperature of the water in the upper and lower parts of
the boiler, but it facilitates the escape of the steam that is generated in
the coils.
In order to utilise the heated products of combustion beyond the
bridge I place the large coils of pipes c in the flues a; these coils are
also turned down near the bridge into the lower part of the boiler, and
upwards at the end of the coil or coils to establish a current in the water
passing through them, and to carry off the steam. The coils of pipes c
and g are provided with roses to prevent the entrance of solid matter
into the coils.
Fig. 3
3. 3 is a transverse section; and Fig. 4, a longitudinal section of a
boiler to which a modification of my improved furnace is applied. In
this instance the coils of pipes 9 are placed within large coils of pipes h,
and both the coils are in communication with the lower and upper parts
of the boiler, as above described. The fuel is laid partly on the outside
of the coil g, and partly on the inside of the coil h; by this arrangement
an immense amount of heating surface is presented to the action of the
products of combustion.
Figs. 5 and 6 represent another modification of my improved furnaces.
In this case the coils of pipes are dispensed with, and in lieu thereof I
employ a series of circular plates, as shewn at the left hand side of
Fig. 5, or a series of horse-shoe shaped plates, as shewn on the right
hand side; these plates are cast with projections, so that when bolted
together there is sufficient space between them for the passage of the air
that is admitted by the pipes d, as above described.
Figs. 7 and 8 are two views of a boiler flue provided with another
modification of my Invention. At the bottom of the flue is the cast or
wrought iron tube i, which is connected to the top tube ; by semi-
circular pipes k, through all of which the water circulates, as before
described. This arrangement of pipes may be used instead of the coils
marked c in Fig. 2.
Figs. 9 and 10 are two views of a modification of my improved furnace.
In these views the fire is laid on the horizontal tubes f, the ends of
which are secured to the hollow rings e, e, one of which is placed near
the bridge, and the other near the firing door. The front ring is con-
nected to the lower part of the boiler and the other to the upper part of

page_text: the boiler to establish the circulation of water through the tubes f, or the
inlet can be made at the ring e near the bridge, and the water, after
circulating through the lower tubes f, can be brought back through the
upper tubes by making divisions in the ring at the bridge end.
In Fig. 8 the inlet can also be made in the same end as the outlet, as
described in reference to Fig. 10.
On Sheet 2 Fig. 11 is an elevation in section, and Fig. 12 a longi.
tudinal section of the fire-box of a locomotive engine boiler to which my
improvements are applied. The shell of the fire-box is made as usual,
but in lieu of the ordinary grate bars I make the fire on the hollow
bars m, the ends of which are fixed in the tubes n; these tubes are
connected to the top tube o by the angle hollow bars p. One of the
bottom tubes n is connected to the water space round the bottom of the
fire-box by an elbow pipe n³, and the top tube o is connected to the
steam space of the boiler by the upright pipe o¹ and elbow o'. By this
arrangement a constant circulation of water is kept up from the bottom
to the upper part of the boiler, and the steam generated in the hollow
bars m and p is rapidly carried into the boiler.
Fig. 13 is a front view, and Fig. 14 a longitudinal section of a marine
engine boiler to which my improved furnaces are applied. In this
instance I have shewn three flues a containing the fires, and three upper
flues a' through which the products of combustion are taken to the
chimney or funnel. I wish to remark that the number and arrange-
ment of the flues a and a' may be varied. The fires are kindled on the
coils of pipes g in the flues a, and the water circulates through the coils,
as above described. The air for supporting combustion is supplied to
the interior of the coils through the pipes d, as above described in
reference to Figs. 1 and 2. The products of combustion, after leaving
the flues a, pass upwards in the compartment q, and heat the water in
the coils r, which are also connected to the lower and upper-parts of the
boiler, and the products of combustion then pass through the upper
flues a' containing the coils c to the chimney or funnel.
Instead of the coils of pipes g shewn the fires-may be-kindled on series
of plates, as shewn in Figs. 5 and 6..
The fuel may be supplied to the furnaces by hand or by mechanical

page_text: By means of these improvements a saving of about fifty per cent. in
fuel is effected, the steam is rapidly generated, and the smoke is
consumed.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described several
modes of applying the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
intend to limit myself to the details or particulars given, as the same
must be varied according to the peculiar shape of the furnace or boiler
to which the improvements are applied, I claim,-
First. The use of the coil of pipes marked g, in lieu of the perforated
pipe described in the Patent above referred to.
Secondly. The use of the coil of pipes g placed within a larger coil of
pipes h, as shewn and described in reference to Figs. 3 and 4.
Thirdly. The use of a series of plates in lieu of a coil of pipes, as shewn
and described in reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
Fourthly. The use of a coil of pipes c placed in the flue beyond the:
bridge, as shewn and described.
Fifthly. The series of semicircular pipes shewn in Figs. 7 and 8, to be
used instead of the coils c.
Sixthly. The horizontal tubes ƒ connected to the end rings e, as shewn
and described in reference to Figs. 9 and 10.
Seventhly. The improved furnace for locomotive engine fire-boxes, as
shewn and described in reference to Figs. 11 and 12.
And, lastly. The improved arrangement of furnaces for marine boilers,
as shown and described in reference to Figs. 13 and 14.
In witness whercof, I, the said Frederic Jolly, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of December One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-five.