A Rotative-friction Brake System
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1889-Accepted, 15th June, 1889
A Rotative-friction Brake System.
1. AUGUSTE CHARLES THEODORE BAUTAIN, of 22 Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to that kind of Brake operating by rotative friction, and is
intended to remedy a defect in the hubs of wheels for the better working of rotative-
friction brakes and to give greater power to the friction collar.
:
The hubs of wheels are not often accurately centred, that is to say, certain parts of
their periphery are nearer to the centre than others so that when the brake has to act
it does not bind evenly over the entire surface of the hub, the result being violent
shocks instead of regular and uniform friction. In order to avoid such shocks I use a
metallic drum, fitted as will be explained hereafter, upon the interior projecting
annular rim of the bush. The friction collar is arranged to go twice round this drum
in order to bind with more force.
In order to make my improvements more clearly understood I shall now refer to the
accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the metallic drum.
Fig. 2 another perspective view of the drum but as seen from the opposite direction
and of which a part has been removed in order to show more fully the inner
separation.
Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of the drum fitted upon the hub of the wheel.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the new arrangement of my friction collar.
Fig. 5 is a front view from underneath of my new means of fastening, or retaining
plate.
Fig. 6 a side view of the draught band.
Fig. 7 a front view of my brake applied to a wheel.
Fig. Sa diagram of the friction collar fixed to the retaining plate and to the draught
band.
In all these figures the same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
A is the drum, B the middle separation cast in one piece with the drum; this
separation B has a circular opening C in its centre; on one of its faces there are
triangular projections bbbb and it is pierced with holes cc cc fig. 2. I fit this
drum A to the hub of the wheel in the following manner: I place the opening C of
the separation B upon the projecting part D of the bush, where it fits exactly. This
busb being perfectly true, the drum must also be perfectly true, and in order to embody
the drum A with the back of the hub, I place triangular projections bin corre-
sponding recesses in such hub back, I then introduce turrels E in the holes c c and I
bind all up firmly together, after however having first made the back face of the bub
true and at right angles with the bush. In this way the drum and the bub are bound
closely together so that when the brake acts on the drum it is just the same as if it
acted directly on the hub besides which this arrangement presents the additional
advantage of isolating the outer circumference of the hub from the inner circum-
ference of the drum, and allows the air to circulate freely between them thus
diminishing the heating produced by the binding of the brakes.
My new friction collar is composed as shown in fig. 4, of three steel or other metal
bands G H I terminating at one end by four curved and rivetted fingers P P P P
brought round in the form of a circle; at the other end they are joined together and
form a plate K. From this plate K two bands L M also in metal, start; these bands L M
pass through the bands G H 1 in the following manner; the band I, passes in
the space left between the bands G and H, and the band M in that left between the

page_text: bands and I. These bands L M terminate also in four curved and rivetted
fingers oo oo similar to the fingers pp. The bands L M may be covered over with
a piece of sheet iron P forming one piece with them as shown in figs. 4 and 7 to keep
dust and dirt from getting to the bands 1 M. The bands G H I are similarly covered
over with sheet iron.
It will therefore be seen in fig. 8 that by this arrangement pressure is brought to
bear by means of a collar going twice round the hub of the wheel. The retaining
plate is cast in one piece and is composed of two projecting strips S S¹ and of an
opening T fig. 5. It is fixed to the spring of the vehicle as shown in fig. 7.
The brake is fitted together in the following manner: the retaining plate R is fixed
by means of its projection V to the spring of the vehicle with the help of screw
bolts X, fig. 7; the fingers p p p p are then placed in position as follows in connection
with the strips S S', see fig. 5, two outside the strips S S', and two between these
strips; I then pass in these fingers, strips, and draught band W, an iron or steel rod Y
so that when the draught band W is pulled, the four fingers pppp are pulled also,
and the entire collar with them. The four fingers o oo o are arranged in the same way,
so that when, as just presumed, the driver pulls in the direction of the fingers ppp P
the rod passing between such fingers oo o o, strikes against the strips S S and con-
sequently causes a binding pressure against the hub or against the drum covering such
hub as already stated in the original patent No. 17,585, of December 3, 1888.
The binding pressure may be exercised forwards or backwards at the will of the
driver.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a rotative-friction brake system a metallic drum separated inside by a middle
partition having an opening in its centre and provided with triangular projections on
the face intended to be in contact with the back of the hub, such projections fitting
into triangular recesses contrived in the said back the separation is also pierced with
holes to receive turrels, the object of which is to fix the said drum to the hub, sub-
stantially as described and represented for the purposes specified.
2. In a rotative-friction brake, a friction collar composed of three bands G H I, the
ends of which form the two bands L, M, which latter curve and pass between the three
former, substantially as described and represented.
3. In a rotative-friction brake, the combination of a friction collar composed of
three bands G H I and two bands L M, a retaining plate R, a draught band W, and
of iron or steel rods Y substantially as above described and represented for the
purposes specified.
4. In a rotative-friction brake, the combination of the drum A, friction collar,
retaining plate and draught band for exercising pressure from before or behind
substantially as described and represented.
Dated this 13th day of May 1889.
C. URQUHART FISHER,
Agent for the Applicant, Auguste Charles Theodore Bautain.