NEW INVENTED ENGINE OR MACHINE FOR PERFORMONG, IN AN IMPROVED AND SUPERIOR MANNER, THE OPERATION OF MASHING OR MIXING OF MALT OR OTHER GRAIN OR MEAL, FOR THE PURPOSES OF BREWING OR DISTILLING
Year: 1796

page_text: TO ALL PEOPLE TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
THOMAS COOPER, of Old Street, in the Parish of Saint Luke, Old Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Ninth day of September, 'in the thirty-sixth year of His reign,
did grant unto me, the said Thomas Cooper, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns,
His said Majesty's especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority,
that I, the said Thomas Cooper, my exors, adñors, and assigns, and every of
them, by myself and themselves, or by mine and their deputy or deputies,
servants or agents, or such others as I, the said Thomas Cooper, my exors,
admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others; from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my "NEW INVENTED ENGINE
OR MACHINE FOR PERFORMONG, IN AN IMPROVED AND SUPERIOR MANNER, THE
OPERATION OF MASHING OR MIXING OF MALT OR OTHER GRAIN OR MEAL, FOR THE
PURPOSES OF BREWING OR DISTILLING," within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me, the said Thomas Cooper, my.

page_text: exors, adiiors, and assigns, or any of them, should in my or their discretion
seem meet; and that I, the said Thomas Cooper, my exors, adñiors, and
assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit,
commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accruing, and
arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years
therein mentioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers.
priviledges, and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted
unto me, the said Thomas Cooper, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, for and during
and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date thereof next and
immediately ensuing and fully to be compleat and ended, according to the
Statute in such case made and provided; in which said recited Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that if I, the said Thomas Cooper, should not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after the date
thereof, that then the said recited Letters Patent, and all liberties and
advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and
become void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in any-
wise notwithstanding, as in and by the said recited Letters Patent, relation being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Cooper, do hereby describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and declare that the same is of
the description and to be performed as in the Plan or Drawing thereof in the
margin of these Presents, and herein-after particularly mentioned (that is to
say) :-
My said Invention consists in applying a number of rakes or combs made of
iron or wood, or any other material calculated for the purpose, to vertical or
inclined endless chains or ropes working in the mash tun, and which reach
nearly to the bottom of it, and are turned round and brought up through the
goods by an axis lying from the middle to the outside of tho tun; and while
this axis is turned round on its own center its outer end is taken progressively
round as many times as is thought necessary, and thus by the revolution of the
endloss chains or ropes upon the axis carrying the rakes along with them, and
the outer end of the axis proceeding about the periphery of the tun at the same
time, the mashing is perfectly effected. The said Invention is more particularly
described in the Plan or Drawing hereunto annexed, in which A, A, represents
the section of a mashing tun; B, a shaft through which the power for working

page_text: the machine is communicated; C, an upright shaft in the middle of the tun;
D, a horizontal shaft lying across the tun from the upright shaft in the middle;
E, a ditto towards the bottom of the tun, on which arms P, P, are fixed, for
regulating the motion of the endless chains or ropes; F, F, are two cogg
wheels for communicating the motion from B to C; G, G, are two cogg wheels
for communicating the motion from C to D; H, H, are two moveable collars
upon the shaft C, for the ends of the shafts D and E to work in; I, I, is a
moveable carriage for supporting the outer ends of the shafts D and E, and
carrying them round the tun; K is a pinion on the shaft D, having liberty to
slip towards the end of it, but by means of a cutter is always taken round with
the shaft; L is a contrate wheel having as many sets of teeth of different
diameters as may be thought necessary, and which is fixed on the upper end of
the upright shaft M; M is an upright shaft working in the moveable carriage
I, I, and going round. the mash tun with it; N is a pinion fixed on the lower
end of the upright shaft M, and working in the rack or wheel O; O is a rack
or wheel fixed immoveably to the mash tun; P, P, are arms or crosses fixed
on the shafts D and E, for the purpose of taking round the endless chains or
ropes; Q, Q, the endless chains or ropes in any number at pleasure; R, R,
are the rakes or combs fixed to the endless chains or ropes in any number at
pleasure.
To use this machine and perform the said Invention:-The malt or grain
being put into the mash tun, and the liquor introduced thereto through
pipes from below, the shaft B is turned by men or horses or any other kind
of power, which communicating motion to the shaft D (by means of the cogg
wheels F, F, G, G), to which the arms or crosses P P are fixed, the endless
chains or ropes Q, Q, with the rakes or combs fixed thereto are turned round,
and going down towards the bottom of the tun under the shaft E, and coming
up on the other side of it, are regulated by the arms or crosses P, P, fixed
thereon; and while this motion is going on, the pinion K, acting upon the
contrate wheel L, turns the pinion N (by means of the upright shaft M), and
which, working in the rack or wheel O, carries the outer end of the shaft
round the tun. There being more than one set of teeth in the contrate wheel L,
the motion of the outer ends of the shafts D and E may be varied at pleasure
by shifting the pinion K into either of these sets of teeth. The motion to the
endless chains or ropes may be communicated through the bottom of the tun
ог in
any other way which local circumstances may point out, and the moveable
carriage I, I, may be pushed round by hand, or the machinery for moving it
may be varied according as circumstances and situation may make expedient.

page_text: There may be two or more sets of the shafts; D and E are the endless chains
or ropes in the same mash tun, if thought necessary.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Cooper, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixth day of October, in the thirty-sixth year of the
reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of God of a
Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, and
so forth, and in the year of our Lord Ono thousand seven hundred aud