IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CONSTRUCTING FOUNTAINS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Augustus Bornemann, of No. 29, Monmouth Street,
in the City and Borough of Bath, Cabinet Manufacturer, for the Inven-
Sealed the 22nd August 1862, and dated the 22nd February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Augustus Bornemann at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
February 1862.
I, AUGUSTUS BORNEMANN, of No. 29, Monmouth Street, in the City and
Borough of Bath, Cabinet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CONSTRUCTING FOUNTAINS,"
to be as follows:--
"
My Invention relates to fountains adapted not only for pleasure grounds but
for drawing rooms, conservatories, or other similar places, and consists in
constructing such fountains so as to work by means of atmospheric pressure
without the aid of clockwork or other mechanism for producing and maintaining
the requisite pressure.
For this purpose there are two air-tight chambers, one at the top and the
Other at the bottom, connected by two pipes, one of which is a syphon; having

page_text: its shorter leg in an open basin over the upper chamber, such basin being filled
with water or other liquid. The syphon pipe descends from the upper
chamber to the lower, and extends to within a short distance of the bottom of
the latter. The ascending pipe extends from near the top of the lower
chamber to within a short distance of the top of the upper chamber. The
upper chamber has a hole in the top through which the water or scented
liquid is poured into it when required, such hole being effectually closed by
means of a screw stopper so as to keep the chamber air-tight. There is also
a fountain jet inserted in the upper chamber the open bottom of which is
within a short distance of the bottom of the chamber and the outlet of the jet
is carried above the top of the basin...
By the above described arrangement of the parts the liquid entering the
syphon from the basin and passing down the descending pipe into the lower
air-tight chamber causes a pressure of air up the ascending, pipe, which air
pressing on the surface of the liquid in the upper air-tight chamber forces the
liquid through the jet.
In some cases a syringe or pump. is connected by a pipe with the upper
chamber for the purpose of replenishing this chamber from the lower chamber
and maintaining a constant supply.
To change the water from time to time there is a small tap at the lower
part of the bottom chamber for letting off the water.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Augustus Bornemann in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTUS
BORNEMANN, of No. 29, Monmouth Street, in the City and Borough of Bath,
Cabinet Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Augustus Bornemann, Her special license that I,
the said Augustus Bornemann, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Augustus Bornemann, my executors, adminis-

page_text: trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from:
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed;
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend; within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CONSTRUCTING
FOUNTAINS," upon the condition. (amongst others) that 'I, the said Augustus
Bornemann, by an instrument in writing under. my hand and seal; should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters. Patent.
*
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Augustus. Bornemann, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement,, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed;
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
"
My Invention of "Improvements in the Mode of Constructing Fountains
relates to fountains adapted not only for pleasure: grounds but for drawing
rooms, conservatories, or other similar places, and consists in constructing
such fountains so as to work by means of atmospheric pressure witliout the
aid of clockwork or other mechanism for. producing and maintaining the
requisite pressure.
For this purpose there are two air-tight chambers, one at the top and the
other at the bottom, connected by two pipes, one of which is a syphon, having
its shorter lég in an open basin over the upper chamber, such. basin being, filled
with water or other liquid. The syphon pipe descends from the upper chamber
to the lower, and extends to within a short distance of the bottom of the latter:
The ascending pipe extends from near the top of the lower chamber to within
a short distance of the top of the upper chamber. The upper chamber has a
hole in the top through which water or scented liquid' is poured into it when
required, such hole being afterwards effectually closed by means of a screw
stopper so as to keep the chamber air-tight. There is also a fountain jet
inserted' in the upper chamber, the open bottom of which is within a short
distance of the bottom of the chamber; and the outlet of the jet is carried
above the top of the basin...
By the above described arrangement of the parts the liquid entering the
syphon from the basin and passing down the descending pipe into the lower
air-tight chamber causes a pressure of air up the ascending pipe, which air
i

page_text: pressing on the surface of the liquid in the upper air-tight chamber forces the
liquid through the jet.
.
In some cases a syringe or pump. is connected by a pipe with the 'upper
chamber for the purpose of replenishing this chamber from the lower chamber
and maintaining a constant supply..
In order to change the water from time to time there is a small tap at the
lower part of the bottom chamber for letting off the water.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed to
describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed by the
aid of the accompanying Drawing in which is represented a fountain con-
structed in the manner above referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
A and B are two air-tight chambers connected by two pipes C and D, with
only one aperture for the admission of air or water to the chamber. This
aperture is at the syphon end E of the pipe D, through which air and water
pass into the chamber B. The chamber A is filled with water or scented
liquid at the aperture, which is afterwards closed by means of a screw
stopper F. G is an open basin over the chamber A, which basin is intended
to be filled with water or other liquid.
In order to set the fountain in action it is only necessary to unscrew the
stopper F, pour in water or scented liquid, then close it again and fill the
open basin G with water or other liquid, which will be caused to enter the
syphon through the aperture E. The liquid thus entering the pipe D will
flow down the same into the chamber B, and pressing on the air contained
therein will force it up the pipe C into the upper part of the chamber A, con-
taining water or other liquid. The air will thus be caused to press on the
upper surface of the water or other liquid in the chamber A, and force it'
through the only outlet, which is the jet H, and the stream I is produced,
which will continue to issue from, the jet as long as the water or other liquid
in the chamber A lasts. The chamber may be replenished by means of a
pump as shewn, but this is no part of the Invention and can be dispensed
with, the chamber being refilled in the manner above described. When a
pump is used a supply pipe K is connected with it, and when the basin G is.
again full the fountain will recommence playing, and this may be repeated as
often as required. L is a cock for drawing off water from the chamber B, as
may be required.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what 'I claim
as of my Invention is, the construction of fountains with two air-tight
chambers and connecting pipes combined as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Augustus Bornemann, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
AUGUSTUS AUST,
No. 29, Monmouth St.,
Clerk.
AUGUSTUS BORNEMANN. (L.S.)