IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER, IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH IMPROVEMENTS TO USEFUL PURPOSES, AND IN THE APPARATUS NECESSARY FOR EFFECTING THE SAME.
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, of Fineshade,
Northamptonshire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING
MOTIVE POWER, IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH IMPROVEMENTS TO USEFUL
PURPOSES, AND IN THE APPARATUS NECESSARY FOR EFFECTING THE SAME.'
"
Sealed the 7th October 1876, and dated the 11th July 1876.
:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by Edward Henry Cradock Mouckton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July 1876.
EDWARD HENRY CRADOCK MONCKTON, of Fineshade, Northamptonshire.
«IM-
PROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER, IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH
IMPROVEMENTS TO USEFUL PURPOSES, AND IN THE APPARATUS NECESSARY FOR
EFFECTING THE SAME."
My improvements consist,-
Firstly. In condensing by means of force pumps air with or without the addition
of water in small quantity into very strong globular or tubular metallic vessels,
such as steel, iron, or copper, preference being to given to steel, and applying thereto
heat generated by ordinary means.
Secondly. In applying thereto within the vessel the electric current generated by
any of the known methods by means of platinum or other wires, and coils or
carbons in lieu of heat as generated by ordinary means. This apparatus and the
wires from the battery are passed through the sides of the vessel and insulated
from it; I further insert within the vessel near the exit orifice an ozoning channel
or channels, so that the air or gases or steam are further acted on and decomposed
by this means as they pass out. I decompose water also by moistening electrified
revolving discs.
Thirdly. In applying both heat as ordinarily produced outside in combination
with the electric current, however produced or applied inside the vessel or to the
vessel itself.
Fourthly. In the formation of my novel stop-cocks, these are formed on the same
principle as the common stop-cock accurately ground in, the difference consisting in
not having a passage through the conical cylinder in lieu of which the cock is only
partially perforated in one or more holes which as it revolves receives the air, gas,
or steam at one of its holes through a hole made in the case of the cock, and

page_text: delivers it by another hole made in the cock case further on; thus no direct com-
munication exists between the condensed gas and the engine. The conical cylinder
of the cock may be made of any required size and with any desired number of
holes. By means of these stop-cocks the above and any other sort of gas, such as
the carbonic acid gas purified may be used for actuating and propelling common
and other engines.
Fifthly. I employ gases formed in the above or other manner in lieu of steam for
generating the electric current as is now done in hydro-electric machines, and also
by simply using curved tubes of small size so as to cause friction at their bends,
and I apply the electric current so formed for the purposes described under heads
secondly and thirdly.
Sixthly. In the application of carbonic acid gas generated under great pressure
in globular, cylindrical, and tubular vessels, to propulsion by means of Creasy,
Tully, and Monckton's Patent motor wheels, for the propulsion of which I further
use the gases generated as above described.
Seventhly. I introduce by preference one or more strong globular or tubular
vessels intermediately between my gas generators, and the engine for receiving
from time to time small supplies of gas. These are filled from the generators so as
to keep the pressure and expansion of the gas as constant as possible, and are
encased in order to prevent accidents in case of bursting; in addition to this all
my vessels are supplied with safety valves.
Eighthly. I apply gases generated under extreme pressure in lieu of gunpowder,
dynamite, and such like explosives, to the blasting of rocks, the destruction of
vessels, to the propulsion of shot and shells from cannons, small-arms, and guns of
all descriptions; in the propulsion of ships, boats, and balloons.
Ninthly. In blasting I use an iron or other metal vessel capable of resisting a great
pressure, which I insert in a hole in the rock or bank to be blown up; this is put
into communication with the gas generator by means of a strong tube.
When all is
secured the gas is generated till it bursts by its force the vessel buried in the hole.
The strength and size of the bursting vessel is regulated according to the work it
has to perform, but it is of course always much weaker than the generator. Where
it is thought advisable the generator itself is placed in the hole, and is blown up.
Tenthly. I use lamp heat or gas flame with Bunsen's burners under certain
circumstances for heating my generators, by which means I obtain greater facility
for regulating the heat.
Eleventhly. Between my gas generator and the engine I place in addition to the
vessels described under seventhly, other intermediate vessels attached to and
between these and the generator filled with ingredients suitable to purifying the
gas, thus, for example, where carbonic acid gas is generated, it is passed into and
through chalk or quicklime, or into chalk or lime in solution contained in this
intermediate vessel, in order that they may take up any free acid contained in it,
and so purify it.
Twelfthly. In the application of gases so generated to ship or boat screw pro-
pellers by placing numerous small orifices along the propelling edges of their screws
at right angles to their peripheries, made to communicate with a tube or hollow
within these blades and along the screw shaft, so that not only is the screw made to
revolve by the force of the gas forced through these orifices, but the gas rushing out
also adds it propulsive power to that of the screw, which should be formed large.
This principle may be applied to the moving machinery on band by using a wheel
of large diameter with jets set at right angles to its periphery fixed in a water or
mercury tank.
To enable such screw propellers to reverse, it is necessary to have
two tubes with their cocks independent of each other placed within the blades and
shaft, with their cocks separate, and also that both the front and back edges of the
blade should be supplied with orifices. The motion of the wheel in the tank may
also be reversed by its being supplied with a double set of orifices and supply pipes
with cocks.
Thirteenthly. I do not limit the quantity of water supplied to the vessel under

page_text: head firstly, but a good proportion is one part of water to 32 parts or more of space
occupied by the condensed air, the proportions being varied, by preference, to the
quantity and pressure of the air forced in.
Fourteenthly. In novel arrangements for turning train cars impelled with horses
I either use poles hinged to the car at each end, which can be turned by the hand
to the right or left by a person on the road, and when the turn is accomplished is
pushed upwards and secured to the car; or I apply a lever to the axle, which being
secured and hinged on to the car enables the driver to push the axle forward; or
else I apply the same arrangement as is applied to turning rudders of ships,
modified to turning the car axles.
Fifteenthly. I apply the blast produced by the first-named gases to blast and
other furnaces, and to add to its heat by the oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon con-
tained in them.
Sixteenthly. Independantly of making use of highly compressed gases to working
engines on board ships, I also use the gases to propel by their action directly on
the water. This I effect by using plates pierced with small holes, by which the
gases issue much subdivided, and so act on a large surface of water; these plates are
attached to the sides and bottoms of the vessels, by preference, behind the middle
of the ship, though they may be applied before. The orifices are made slanting
at angles varying to suit the shape of the ship, so as to give the utmost propelling
power.
I do not confine myself to any particular size of vessels, or their parts or form of
construction, so long as the principles of my Invention are adhered to.
I disclaim to make use knowingly of the Inventions of others, and I claim solely
to use my Invention, as above described, for "Improvements in Motive Power, in
the Application of such Improvements to Useful Purposes, and in the Apparatus
Necessary for Effecting the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Henry Cradock Monckton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
E. H. C. MONCKTON. (L.S.)