IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING AND IN MACHINERY THEREFOR
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING AND IN
MACHINERY THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by David Jones, of
Syracuse, State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 29th September 1877, and dated the 30th April 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1877.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MILLING AND IN MACHINERY THEREFOR" A communication from abroad by Thomas
David Jones, of Syracuse, State of New York, United States of America.
This Invention has for its object the improvement of the color and general
quality of flour, and consists in the following mode of disintegrating the offal from
the flour and middlings, viz. :-By first subjecting the grain to the action of
improved millstones whereby the offal is completely cleaned of all flour-yielding
properties, and consequently an increased amount of middlings is obtained at one
operation; thence passing the grindings through a reel of graded bolting cloth,
constructed and operated in the manner herein-after described, whereby the flour,
offal, and bran are successively separated from each other, and subsequently the bran
is intermixed with the pure flour, preparatory to the bolting of the same in the
ordinary reel, to prevent its adherence to the bolting cloth during the latter process,
thus freeing the flour from all deteriorating substances before re-grinding the same,
and resulting in a whiter and superior quantity of flour.
The improvements in millstones consist in dressing them with a centrally inclined
concentric circumferential depression around the eye; also by dividing the area of
the stones into a number of acute angled triangles with their acute angle at the
eye and formed by the main lands.
The improvements in bolting cloth consist in making said cloth of two or more
grades, so as to expel all the flour by one grade, and the offal by the other or

page_text: others; and in combination therewith using an encased conveyor for the purposes
of intermixing, re-bolting, and the prevention of adhesion of the flour to the
cloth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th
October 1877.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
MILLING AND IN MACHINERY THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by Thomas
Jones, of Syracuse, State of New York, United States of America.
This Invention relates to the preliminary treatment of grain preparatory to the
final manufacture of same into flour, the object being to improve the colour and geperal
quality of the flour; and the Invention consists essentially in the following process
and means of disintegrating the offal from the flour and middlings, namely:-By
first subjecting the grain to the action of two herein-after described peculiarly
dressed millstones, whereby the offal is completely cleaned of all flour-yielding pro-
perties, and consequently an increased amount of middlings is obtained at one
operation; thence passing the grindings through a reel of graded bolting cloth,
constructed and operated in the manner herein-after fully described, and constituting
likewise a part of the Invention, by means of which the flour, offal, and bran are
successively separated from each other, and subsequently the bran is intermixed
with the pure flour preparatory to the bolting of same in the graded reel, to
prevent its adherence to the bolting cloth during the latter process, thus freeing the
flour from all deteriorating substances before re-grinding the same, whereby a
whiter and in every respect superior quality of flour is obtained.
The first part of the aforesaid process is accomplished by the peculiar dress of
the millstone, clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawing, and it
consists principally in providing the stone with a centrally inclined concentric
circumferential depression d around the eye E, and comprising one-fourth, more
or less, of the area of the stone.
a, a¹, a³, represent the grinding surfaces proper, usually termed lands, of the mill-
stone, and b are the furrows. The area of the stone is divided into a number of
lands, as shown, some terminating in an acute angle at the eye of the stone; theso,
as well as the intermediate lands a¹, a, diminish in width from the curb inward, so
as to allow the offal to be completely cleaned of its flouring properties. The furrows
are arranged at such relative pitch or draft, and gradually widened toward the
centre of the stone, that the outer lands a¹ and a² are caused to terminate, as
shown. The adjacent surfaces of the contiguous stone may be formed with a
corresponding central depression, and thus form with the same an outward wedging
receptacle for the grain, in which it is granulated instead of ground, and gradually
disintegrated from the offal before it reaches the lands or grinding surfaces proper.
The middlings escape thence through the furrows to the curb, and the bran is com-
pletely cleaned by the whipping action created by the beveled grinding surfaces in
conjunction with the wide furrows.
Ordinary millstones have the land proportionately larger than the furrows, and
consequently cause by the increased friction of said surfaces the grindings to become
heated, since this impairs the colour and general quality of the flour, various
devices, such as blasts, exhausts, etc., have be resorted to for the purpose of
ventilating and cooling the same; but, since the furrows in these stones were
proportionately too small, it has been found difficult to accomplish the object
sought.
By this Invention the ingress of air at the eye is enlarged by the central depres-
sion d, and the area of the furrow surfaces is so predominant over that of the land

page_text: as to give free vent to the air; besides this, the proximity of the adjacent surfaces
of the two stones is less, and thus further facilitates the ventilation, and accom-
plishing the desired object.
For the purpose of preventing gumming and glazing of the surfaces of the stone,
and maintaining the natural grit of same, and thus promoting the operation of the
Invention, I apply to the whole surface of the stone an ingredient consisting of
diamond quartz or corundum in sufficient quantity to cover the lands and furrows,
which completely obviates the said deteriorating effects upon the stone.
The second part of the Invention, consisting of the before-described process, is
accomplished by the reel of graded bolting cloth illustrated in Fig. 2 of the
Drawing, in which A represents the reel provided with graded cloth. The first
and greater portion A¹ of this cloth is graded so as to expel all the flour, and the
second and smaller portion A² of such so graded as to emit the offal, the bran
escaping at the end of the reel, as indicated by an arrow, and thence either passes
direct to a worm or encased conveyor C, or through an interposed bran duster.
The worm C is located underneath the reel inside the conveyor C¹, and is of proper
length to convey the bran to the flour conveyor C², where it becomes intermixed
with the flour, and carried with the same to the graded flour bolt to be re-bolted.
By this intermixing of the pure bran with the flour the adhesion of the flour to
the bolting cloth is prevented, and the colour of the flour materially improved,
producing a clear article.
I claim,―
(1.) The process of treating grain and flour by means of millstones, specially
dressed for the purposes, and in the manner substantially as herein set forth and
described.
(2.) Preserving the natural grit of millstones, and preventing glazing, by using
diamond quartz or corundum on the face and furrows of said stones, whereby den-
tations are formed therein, and their surfaces rendered granulated and of a porcelain
nature, for the purposes and in the manner substantially as herein set forth and
described.
(3.) Treating grain grindings by grading bolting cloth, specially constructed and
operated for the purposes, and in the manner substantially as herein set forth and
described.
(4.) The mode of dressing stones and the machinery herein set forth and described,
or other modes and machinery substantially analogous thereto.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
H. J. HADDAN. (L.S.)