IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TOOLS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING METALS OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF TOOLS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING METALS OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 16th August 1878.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the Oounty of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF TOOLS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING METALS OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class of grinding tools which are com-
posed of a sharp cutting grit mixed with suitable gummy or other
adhesive matters which will hold together the gritty particles.

page_text: All the ingredients are very intimately mixed together, and then
moulded into the required form, which is usually circular, so that the
tool may be mounted on a spindle and driven with great rapidity.
The object of the present Invention is to so combine the ingredients
that the grinding tool will have a certain toughness imparted to it, so
that it will not break or wear away too quickly when in use. This is
effected by combining with the other ingredients fibrous substances,
which will hold the other matters together.
In carrying out the Invention I take, say, 15 gallons of linseed oil,
and add thereto 8 lbs. of pounded sulphur, 4 lbs. of litharge, and 80 lbs.
of emery, or as much as can be conveniently mixed with the other
ingredients. I also add waste rubber cuttings, or as much cotton, flax,
or fibrous waste as can be incorporated in the mass. Linen or cotton
rags or cuttings of compound rubber fabrics may be disintegrated and
used for the purpose. The addition of the rubber will be found to add
materially to the quality of the grinding tool. The whole mass should
be well ground together, so that all the ingredients should be intimately
mixed or blended; and when moulded into form the article produced
should be submitted to from 400 to 500 degrees of heat, so as to
harden it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the 2
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, g
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
'

page_text: agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TOOLS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING
METALS OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to that class of grinding tools which are com-
posed of a sharp cutting grit mixed with suitable gummy or other
adhesive matters which will hold together the gritty particles.
The object of the present Invention is to so combine the ingredients
of which the grinding tool is composed that it will have a certain
toughness imparted to it, so that it will not break or wear away too
quickly when in use, as is now the case with many tools of this kind.
This object is effected by combining with the other ingredients fibrous
substances which will hold the other matters together, and thereby very
considerably modify the brittleness of the compound.
In carrying out the Invention I take, say, fifteen gallons of linseed
oil, and add thereto eight pounds of pounded sulphur, four pounds of
litharge, and eighty pounds of emery, or as much as can be conveniently
mixed with the other ingredients. I also add waste rubber cuttings, and
as much cotton, flax, or fibrous waste as can be incorporated in the
mass. Linen or cotton rags or cuttings of compound rubber fabrics
when torn up or disintegrated may also be used for the purpose. The
addition of the rubber will be found to add materially to the quality of
the grinding tool. The whole mass should be well ground together, so
that all the ingredients should be intimately mixed or blended. The

page_text: compound may then be moulded into the required form, which is usually
circular, so that the tool may be mounted on a spindle and driven with.
great rapidity. When the article has been moulded into the desired
form it should be submitted to from four hundred to five hundred
degrees of heat, so as to harden it and produce the requisite chemical
change in the nature of the ingredients.
Having now described my Invention of "Improvements in the Manu-
facture of Tools for Grinding and Polishing Metals or other Hard Sub-
stances," and having explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as
aforesaid, the combination of ingredients above mentioned and treated in
the manner herein set forth for the purpose of producing tools pos-
sessing the required qualities of hardness and toughness necessary for
grinding and polishing metals or other hard substances, as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-