CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MORTICE LOCK SPINDLES."
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Cavanagh, of Notting Hill, in the
County of Middlesex, Locksmith, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MORTICE LOCK SPINDLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Cavanagh
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,.
on the 2nd October 1852.
I, MICHAEL CAVANAGH, of Notting Hill, in the County of Middlesex,
Locksmith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MORTICE LOCK SPINDLES " to be as follows,
that is to say:
My Invention, which has reference to the construction of spindles
for mortice and other locks, consists of improvements in the mode or
modes of making spindles adjustable to any thickness of door to which
they may be applied. But in order that the mechanical arrangements
of the several parts may be more easily understood and carried into
effect, I will now proceed to describe the annexed Drawings. Fig. 1,
represents a full size front view of my improved spindle, with knobs or
handles in connection, the lock being omitted as forming no part.

page_text: of my Invention. Fig. 2, a longitudinal section thereof.
Fig. 8,
a side view. Fig. 4, the adjusting or regulating core. Figs. 5, 6, 7,
the three distinct pieces of which the same is formed, separately shown.
Fig. 8, transverse section taken through the dotted lines; and Figures
9, and 10, end views of the knobs or handles attached. In each Figure
the same letters of reference denote similar corresponding parts. A,
and A', are knobs or handles for opening or closing the door in the
ordinary manner, the spindle passing through the latch or bolt of the
lock, as usual. B, B, hollow metal shank, firmly fixed to the handle A,
in manner shown, for receiving the adjusting spindle. C, C, the adjust-
ing spindle or core, composed of three pieces D, E, and F, on the outer
sides of which there are two studs or pins G, and H, of the same form
and size as the rack openings or recesses in the sides of the hollow
shank or tube I, I, in which they take. The advantage of my improved
construction over that which is at present in use consists in the spindle
being formed in three distinct pieces, so that upon removing the centre
piece or wedge E, the two outer pieces D, and F, fall together and
remove the studs G, and H, from the holes I, I, after which the spindle
may be adjusted to various lengths by inserting the studs into other
holes.
I claim the mechanical arrangement and construction of lock
spindles having an adjusting core of three pieces or parts in con-
nection with the tubular stem, rack, and studs, as represented in the
Drawings.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Michael Cavanagh in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 2nd April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,. I,
MICHAEL CAVANAGH, of Notting Hill, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of October, A.D.

page_text: Eighteen hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Michael Cavanagh, Her especial licence that I,
the said Michael Cavanagh, my executors, administrators, and as-
signs, or such others as I, the said Michael Cavanagh, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK SPINDLES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Michael Cavanagh, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Cavanagh, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists of certain improved modes of making lock
spindles in such manner as to be adjustable to to doors of any thickness
to which it may be desired to apply them. But in order that the me-
chanical arrangements of the several parts of the spindles may be more
easily understood and readily carried into effect, I will now proceed to
describe the annexed Drawings, which represent two modes of making
lock spindles according to my principle (that is to say) :-Fig, 1,
represents a front view of an improved lock spindle fitted with knobs or
handles in the usual manner, the lock being omitted as forming no part
of the present improvements. Fig. 2, a longitudinal section thereof.
Fig. 3, a side view. Fig. 4, and 5, detached views of the knobs or
handles. Fig. 6, a sectional end view of the adjusting spindle or regu-
ating core separately shown. Fig. 7, a longitudinal view of the same.
Fig. 8, 9, and 10, views of the three pieces of which it is composed.

page_text: In each figure the same letters of reference denote similar correspond-
ing parts. A, A, knobs or handles for opening or shutting the door by
the ordinary method. B, B, the thickness of the door through which
the spindle passes, taking into the latch or bolt of the lock in the usual
manner. C, C, hollow metal shank,. firmly fixed to the handle, as repre-
sented by the Drawings, for the purpose of retaining and regulating the
spindle to the required length or thickness of the door. D, D, the ad-
justing spindle or regulating core, composed of three pieces E, F, G, the
outer sides of which are provided with two studs or pins H, and I, of the
same form and size as the rack openings-or recesses J, J, formed in the
hollow shank or tube C, into which they take. The advantage of my
improved construction of an adjusting spindle, as shown, may be stated
to consist in the spindle being formed or made in three distinct pieces, so
that on removing the centre. piece or wedge F, the two outer pieces E,
and G, fall together and remove the studs H, and I, from the rack
holes or openings in the hollow shank C, by which arrangement the
spindle can be adjusted to any required length by the simple operation
of reinserting the studs in different rack holes or openings according to
the thickness of the door to which the spindle must be applied, and re-
introducing the centre piece or wedge.. Figures 11, to 20, represent a
modification of the first-mentioned principle, in which the hollow metal
shank or tube is inserted within the knob or handle, for the purpose of
giving increased strength and thickness to the adjusting spindle, and
obviating the necessity of extending the mortice in the lock or door.
A, A. are both hollow handles or knobs. B, B, the thickness of the
door. C, C, the adjusting tubular rack. E, E, set screws for fixing
the knob or handles to the shank or spindles. F, F, rack opening.
G, G, adjusting studs. H, I, J, the three separate pieces of which the
spindle is composed.
Having now described the nature of these my said improvements, and
in what the same are to be performed, I would have it clearly under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein-before
given, as the same may be varied without departing from the general
character of my said Invention; but that which I claim as new and of
my said improvements is, the mechanical arrangement and construction

page_text: of lock spindles having an adjusting core of three pieces or parts, as
aforesaid, in connection with the tubular stem, rack, and studs, as herein
before described, and set forth in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof,. I, the said Michael Cavanagh, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of March, A.D.
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
MICHAEL (L.s.) CAVANAGH.