A NEW OR IMPROVED KNITTING MACHINE
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of Chancery Lane, London, for the
Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED KNITTING MACHINE."-A com-
munication from abroad by Johann Schmitt, of Coblenz on the
Rhine in the Gorman Emnira
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th March 1875.
I, PETER JENSEN, of Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED KNITTING
MACHINE," (a communication to me from abroad by Johann Schmitt, of
Coblenz on the Rhine, in the German Empire,) to be as follows:-
:―
In order to explain the nature of this Invention let it be supposed
that the knitting pins employed in some ordinary cylindrical hand
knitting work be drawn out carefully, the meshes or stitches then
remain open; take now a spiral having as many windings as there are
A

page_text: stitches, and of the wire thickness of the pins, by turning the spiral it
may be made to enter all the stitches, which are thus kept from
"running" or being "lost" or dropped.
Suppose now the circular spiral to be stationary, with reference to its
annular shape, but the windings revolving around themselves, while the
work (which may be weighted) hangs down or is drawn upwards, then
the continued rotation of the spiral round its annular axis causes a
circular progressive movement of the work, and one end of the spiral
will by each revolution let go a stitch while the other end will either
take hold of such stitch or of a newly formed stitch.
It is evident that for continuing the work only the two ends of the
spiral are necessary, and that the rest of the spiral only serves to convey
and turn the work, for which purposes it might be superseded by a wire
in the axis of the spiral, caro being taken that only one stitch comes on
to each winding of the spiral.
We may thus divide the spiral in three parts, viz., the end that lets go
a stitch by each turn, and which may be termed the feeding spiral, the
end that takes hold of the stitch, and which may be termed the looper
spiral, and the middle part of the spiral, which serves to regulate tho
number and closeness of stitches and which may be termed the regulator
spiral.
The feeding spiral can be placed in different ways relatively to the
looper spiral, thus the axis of one may be placed in continuation of the
other, or their axes may lie over one another or form any angle; but
the ends of the two spirals must while rotating come so against one
another that the end of the looper spiral takes hold exactly of the loop
drawn through the last stitch of the feeding spiral, which loop is to form
a new stitch, and so that the feeding spiral afterwards properly drops the
last stitch. The loop aforesaid can be drawn through either by the
feeding spiral or by a special needle, through the eye of which the thread
passes, the needle drawing the loop through the last stitch of the feeding
spiral; the loop is then caught by the looper spiral and taken off, the
needle then passes out of the last stitch, which is then dropped by the
feeding spiral, and this can be done because the loop for the new
stitch has been drawn through and is on the looper spiral.
Although a knitting machine with spiral wire may bo constructed
according to any of the aforesaid modes, I will now proceed to describe

page_text: a special construction, which has been found by extensive experiments
to be the best and most reliable.
The axes of the feeding spiral and the looper spiral are in this
machine at right angles, and are united by the regulator spiral.
Between the feeding spiral and the looper spiral there is a needle
through the eye of which the thread passes; this needle passes each
time a new loop through the last stitch of the feeding spiral; this new
loop is then caught by the looper, the needle recedes leaving the loop
on the looper, and the last stitch is then dropped by the feeding spiral,
and so on.
This machine may be made in two somewhat different ways, viz.,
either with two needles, one straight for right-hand knitting, and one
bent for left-hand knitting; or with one bent needlo for right and left-
hand knitting, and a straight needle for knitting backwards.
As to
right and left-hand knitting, these are relative terms, as every piece of
knitting has a right and a left side, and for left-hand knitting it is only
required to make the right side the left, and vice versa, and to any ono
acquainted with knitting it is evident that it only depends upon from
which side the new loop is drawn through the old stitch.
If thus by
drawing the loop through from the inner side of the work towards tho
outer side the so-called right side is on the outside, and the so-called
left side on the inside of the work, then by drawing the loop through in
the opposite direction the opposite effect will be produced.
When it is desired to arrange for left hand work it is thus necessary
to make the new loop or stitch pass through the opposite side of the
old stitch to that of right-hand work.
In order to knit flat pieces by means of this circular knitting machino
a certain number of stitches (of course not more than the whole cir-
cumference of the machine) are worked off in one direction, and then
back, and so on, that is, the aforesaid backward knitting must be
applied; for this purpose the spirals are turned in the opposite direction,
the work thus travels the opposite way; the looper spiral and the
feeding spiral thus interchange functions. It is therefore necessary to
take into account their double purpose; thus the same needle may be
used in backward knitting for carrying the new loop through the old
stitch, and its moving gear must be arranged for both directions, or
12

page_text: what has been found better a special needle is used for the backward
knitting.
The whole machine is on a cast-iron frame, and has in front the spiral,
one end of same being the looper, the other the feeder, and the intervening
part the regulator.
The spirals are moved by means of two rollers having spirally set
teeth gearing into holes formed in thick parts of the looper and feeder,
which parts are guided and kept in position by means of casings. The
two teeth rollers are connected by mitre gear, so that they move
together. One part of the work, through the stitches of which the
spiral passes, protrudes through a slot in one of the casings, and is by
the casing kept from turning with the spiral.
The loop needle with its carrier slides in guides, and the carrier has
also a pawl mechanisms, through which the loop needle carrier is worked
there and back by a lever in connection with a cam, or else is kept out
of gear with it and at rest.
The bent needle for the left-hand knitting is worked by a pinion on
its spindle gearing with a rack, which receives reciprocating movement
by a bell crank connected to a crank pin, which can be unscrewed when
the straight needle is to be used.
To decrease the diameter of the work ("shaping") a loop is drawn
through two stitches, so that thus one new stitch is formed instead of
two old. This is done by stopping the needle at the desired place,
catching the stitch dropped from the feeder by means of a wire, then
setting the needle in motion again, and when it has passed the next
stitch let it take the stitch off the wire. By cach diminution in the
number of stitches a winding of the spiral looses a stitch, and the needle
must be thrown out, that is, kept still by each revolution at this place;
a means must then be provided for doing this automatically. For this
purpose the aforesaid lever in connection with the cam, which lever is
connected to the needle carrier by means of a pin, is so arranged in
connection with a double-armed lever that by being depressed the said
pin is withdrawn, and thereby the lever moves freely without moving
the needle carrier. The double-armed lever is depressed by pawl con-
nection with a central hollow spindle, through which the thread passes,
and which at the back carries three plates united by bolts; one plate
has as many radial notches as there are windings in the spiral for the

page_text: Fourthly. For flat work a needle carrier with needle is made to work
up and down in guides by means of cam and lover gear. The needle
works into and in a direction at right angles to the feeder, which thus
becomes the looper, passing first through the last stitch brought forward
by the looper; it then pulls the loop through, which latter is then
caught by the feeder, the needle then recedes and the last stitch is
dropped.
Instead of the curved needle with one point (for right and left hand
knitting) a needle with two points may be used, one for each kind of
work.
To enable the machine to be quickly changed from one direction to
the other without pulling the whole length of thread through the eye of
the needle (in order to enter it into the eye of the other needle) a fine
cut with rounded edges is made at each cyc, through which cut the
thread can be removed sideways.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said
Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th October
1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of Chancery Lanc, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Jensen, Her special licence that
I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within tho
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED KNITTING
MACHINE," a communication to me from abroad by Johann Schmitt, of

page_text: Coblenz on the Rhine, in the German Empire,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Peter Jensen, my exccutors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within seven calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say :-
In order to explain the nature of this Invention, let it be supposed
that the knitting pins employed in some ordinary cylindrical hand
knitting work be drawn out carefully, the meshes or stitches then
remain open;
take now a spiral having as many windings as there are
stitches and of the wire thickness of the pins, by turning the spiral it
may be made to enter all the stitches which are thus kept from "running"
or being lost or dropped.
Suppose now the circular spiral to be stationary with reference to its
annular shape but the windings revolving around themselves while the
work (which may be weighted) hangs down or is drawn upwards, then
the continued rotation of the spiral round its annular axis causes a
circular progressive movement of the work, and one end of the spiral
will by each revolution let go a stitch, while the other end will either
take hold of such stitch or of a newly formed stitch.
It is evident that for continuing the work only the two ends of the
spiral are necessary, and that the rest of the spiral only serves to convey
and turn the work, for which purposes it might be superseded by a wire
in the axis of the spiral, caro being taken that only one stitch comes on
to each winding of the spiral.
We may thus divide the spiral in three parts, viz., the end that lets go
a stitch by cach turn, and which may be termed the feeding spiral, the
Send that takes hold of the stitch and which may be termed the looper
spiral, and the middle part of the spiral which serves to regulate the

page_text: number and closeness of stitches, and which may be termed the regulator
spiral.
The feeding spiral can be placed in different ways relatively to the
looper spiral, thus the axis of one may be placed in continuation of the
other, or their axes may lie over one another or form any angle, but the
ends of the two spirals must while rotating come so against one another
that the end of the looper spiral takes hold exactly of the loop drawn
through the last stitch of the feeding spiral, which loop is to form a new
stitch and so that the feeding spiral afterwards properly drops the last
stitch. The loop aforesaid can be drawn through either by the feeding
spiral or by a special needle through the eye of which the thread passes,
the needle drawing the loop through the last stitch of the feeding spiral,
the loop is then caught by the looper spiral and taken off, the needle.
then passes out of the last stitch which is then dropped by the feeding
spiral, and this can be done because the loop for the new stitch has been
drawn through and is on the looper spiral.
Although a knitting machine with spiral wire may be constructed
according to any of the aforesaid modes, I will now proceed to describe
a special construction which has been found by expensive experiments
to be the best and most reliable.
The axis of the feeding spiral and the looper spiral are in this
machine at right angles, and are united by the regulator spiral.
Between the feeding spiral and the looper spiral there is a needle
through the eye of which the thread passes, this needle passes each timo
a new loop through the last stitch of the feeding spiral, this new loop is
then caught by the looper, the needle recedes, leaving the loop on the
looper, and the last stitch is then dropped by the feeding spiral, and so
on.
This machine may be made in two somewhat different ways, videlicet,
either with two needles, one straight for right-hand knitting, and one
bent for left-hand knitting, or with one bent needle for right and left
hand knitting, and a straight needle for knitting backwards. As to
right and left hand knitting these are relative terms, as every piece of
knitting has a right and a left side, and for left-hand knitting it is only
required to make the right side the left, and vice versa, and to anyone
acquainted with knitting it is evident that it only depends upon from

page_text: which side the new loop is drawn through the old stitch. If thus by
drawing the loop through from the inner side of the work towards the
outer side the so called right side is on the outside, and the so called left
side on the inside of the work, then by drawing the loop through in
the opposite direction the onnosite effect will be produced.
which side the new loop is drawn through the old stitch. If thus by
drawing the loop through from the inner side of the work towards the
outer side the so called right side is on the outside, and the so called left
side on the inside of the work, then by drawing the loop through in
the opposite direction the opposite effect will be produced.
When it is desired to arrange for left-hand work it is thus necessary
to make the new loop or stitch pass through the opposite side of the old
stitch to that of right-hand work.
In order to knit flat pieces by means of this circular knitting machine
a certain number of stitches (of course not more than the whole cir-
cumference of the machine) are worked off in one direction and then
back, and so on, that is, the aforesaid backward knitting must be applied
for this purpose, the spirals are turned in the opposite direction, the
work thus travels the opposite way, the looper spiral and the feeding
spiral thus interchange functions. It is therefore necessary to take into
account their double purpose, thus the same needle may be used in
backward knitting for carrying the new loop through the old stitch, and
its moving gear must be arranged for both directions, or what has been
found better a special needle is used for the backward knitting, the
other needle being then out of gear.
Sheet 1 represents one construction of machine, Figure 1 being a front
elevation; Figure 2, a back elevation; Figure 3, a section on line C, D,
Figure 2; Figure 4, side elevation after partial removal of the side wall
of the casing A; Figure 5, a back clevation, the cover F and plate E
being removed; Figures 1º, 1, 6, 6, 6, and 6°, show details of the
machine; Figures 7° and 7° shew the stitch formation at two stages when
knitting left hand work; and Figures 8ª and 8' show the stitch formation
at two stages when knitting right-hand work. Like letters indicate like
parts in all Figures.
The whole machine is placed in and on a cast-iron frame or casing
which protects the working parts as much as possible and which can be
placed on a table or be attached by screws. This frame or casing has in
front the knitting spiral B which runs off at each end into the looper B
and the feeder B. The regulating spiral in the middle which serves to
make a knitting with larger or smaller number of stitches or meshes is
in this machine left out for the sake of greater clearness, though

page_text: latter backwards and forwards in the groove d. The needle D passes
through a hole in the fore part of the casing, as clearly shewn at Figure
1, and traverses at the right moment the stitch on the end of the feed
spiral B, drawing with it the thread through the needle eye; the end
of the feed spiral B then comes close below the needle D behind its eye
and catches the thread, the needle D then draws back, leaves the new
loop on the looper B', meanwhile the feed spiral B³ quietly drops the
old stitch.
The stitch formation is shewn at Figures 8ª and 8b; in the former the
feed spiral is left out for clearness sake; in Figure 8ª the needlo D just
enters the last upper stitch on the feed spiral B³, carrying the thread
with it, but has not yet come to the end of the looper spiral B¹, neither
has the latter come so far round as to catch the new loop; in Figure 8b
the needle D is shown as passed quite through the last stitch of the feed
spiral B in its extreme position, and the looper spiral has just taken
hold under the unformed loop; the old stitch of the feed spiral has
already dropped.
The left-hand knitting is, as aforesaid, done by drawing the new loop
through the last stitch of the feed spiral from the other side, that is,
from outside. This is donc, as already mentioned, by means of a curved
(circular) needle G, which enters the last stitch of the feed spiral from
without. This stitch formation is shewn at Figures 7 and 7. In the
former the needle G with its point just enters the last stitch of the feed
spiral B², while the looper spiral B' already has got the previously formed
stitch pushed some distance on to it. In Figure 7' the point of the
needle G has got through the last fed stitch and got into its extreme
position, carrying with it the thread which is caught above by the looper
spiral B'; the last fed stitch is already dropped from the spiral B³. The
movement of the curved needle is effected by the pinion g on its spindle,
O which is under the casing C³, see also Figures 1° and 1°. The pinion g
(and with it the needle 6) is rotated from a rack e', which works in
guides on the cover of the casing A, and is worked backwards and
forewards by means of the bell-crank lever e³ and the two bevel wheels e¹
and e. The latter is on the spindle of the roller b², and the connection
5 between lever and the bevel wheel e¹ is effected by means of the
screw e, which may be conveniently unscrewed from the outside, whereby
the movement of lever e³ and needle is quite stopped when it is intended
to work with the straight needle D, or for other purposes.

page_text: I will now describe the means for taking in or shaping. The main
thing is to make only one new stitch out of the two old ones. This is
done by stopping the needle at the mesh in question, and catching the
stitch dropping from the feed spiral by means of a wire. The needle is
then set in motion, and as soon as it has passed the next stitch the
stitch on the wire is also put on to the needle. As the stitches are thus
decreased in number one winding of the spiral is empty each time, and
the needle must at this place be drawn out of gear, that is stopped;
there must hence be a means provided for drawing the needle out of
gear at certain places, so that it always stops at these places; this is
done by the clutch H. The lever d² pushes the needle holder d forwards
and backwards, at one time coming in contact with the guide h, and at
the other time with the stud ¹, which keeps the lever d³ from getting
out of the guide, and is kept in this position by a small spiral spring,
but when the stud / by means of the hook ², see Figures 6* and 6º, is
pulled out of the guide 4, then the lover d³ can pass freely without
moving the needle holder d and needle D with it forwards and back-
wards.
The drawing out of the stud by the hook his effected by the
bell-crank lever ³, 4, (Figures 4 and 5) the part being depressed
while the part ³ in the extreme back stroke of the lever d³ has entered
the hook 7ª, so that the lever №³ passes off empty without taking the
needle arm with it. The proper depression of the lever d³ is done as
follows:-In the middle of the spiral inside the casing A a wrought-iron
tube is screwed on to the cover. This tube i guides the thread from back
to front to the needle. It is surrounded by a loose brass tube 2, which
carries a brass disc 2, into whose pawl teeth a spring presses the pawl 2³
actuated by the rod ; the disc is thus turned a tooth space each time.
The rod is worked by the eccentric &, which is on the same spindle as
the one-toothed disc, and the eccentricity is calculated so that the
lever d with its single end tooth enters the tooth space in the disc i³ at
each oscillation during the play between the guide h and stud /', and
thus the pawl pushes the disc a tooth space round, but the diso ở in
the return stroke draws the pawl back to the original position. Thus
by every reciprocation of the lever d³ the disc is moved forward a
tooth in the direction of the arrow, but the tube i and the parts thereon,
viz., the cast-iron disc F, the wrought-iron disc E, and the steel plate J
move with it. These three plates or discs are united by four screws J¹, J¹,

page_text: and are fixed to the tube i¹. The disc F has a number of radial slots (as
many as there are spiral windings) for the reception of the levers K, K,
all turning on the wire j, which is concentric with the disc. The wire is
kept in place by the disc, which is also formed with corresponding slots
for the lovers K. The disc F has a ring groove for the reception of the
wire j.
Figure 6 shows a lever K in the let-down position. The levers have
projecting knobs or hooks K, and are kept in the open position (Figure 3)
or closed position (Figure 6°) by means of tongue springs J³, like the
blades in pocket knives. When a knob & by the rotation of the whole
disc combination J, F, E, comes against the lever h³ the latter is pushed
to the right, see Figure 4, thereby the lever h³ goes to the right
(Figure 4) and draws the stud /¹ by the hook out of the guide / of
the clutch H, the guide thus becomes free, and the lever d³ can
oscillate without moving the needle D and needle holder d backwards
and forwards, that is, the needle is thrown out of gear and forms no fresh
stitch; but when the lever & remains standing in the up position the
needle will at each revolution at this place he thrown out of gear, and
thus no stitch formation takes place there; this is hence quite automatic
and without attention of the operator. The spring ¹ always presses the
lever lightly against the rotary discs J, F, E, and when falling hits
the projecting end k of the raised lever K, whereby it, because of its
inclined form, is pressed towards the left, see Figure 4. This gear acts
of course only on the straight needle that is for right-hand knitting, and
it will generally be sufficient to take in or shape for that kind of work.
The movement of the curved needle for left-hand knitting may however
be quickly stopped by removing the screw if it be absolutely necessary.
to take in or shape, but it will be easy if required to arrange a
similar appliance for the curved needle as here described for the straight
> needle.
Sheet 2 represents a knitting machine with curved needle as described,
but applicable both for right and left hand work, and with a straight
needle for flat work. The regulating spiral which was left out on Sheet 1
is here shown, and consists of the hollow spiral of the same strength as
the looper or feed spiral; it is at one end firmly united with the thin
wire spiral, tapering gradually off, but at the other end the thin wiro
spiral may be fitted into the thick wire spiral, according as one or more

page_text: windings are screwed into the thick regulating spiral B³, so the whole
spiral gets less or more windings altogether.
To alter the whole number of windings the looper spiral which is
firmly joined to the regulating spiral B must be held fast, and the feed
spirals be turned one or more turns in one direction or the other, but as
soon as they turn together the number of windings remains unaltered;
it is thus possible to suit round work of different number of stitches
without distressing the stitches much, and by frequent taking in or
lessening of the number of the stitches by decreasing the number of spiral
windings the same distressing of the stitches may be avoided which
would take place if stitches were taken in several times at the same
place.
Figure 1 is a front clevation of the machine; Figure 2, back elevation
of same, the discs J, F, E, being left out; Figure 3 is a section on
line A, B, Figure 1; Figure 4 is a section on line C, D, Figure 2;
Figure 5 is a section on line E, F, Figure 2; Figure 6 is a plan;
Figure 7 is a back view, a part of the discs E and F being broken off to
show the tongue of the steel disc J; Figures 8 and 8 show the stitch
formation for right-hand work; Figures 92 and 9b show the stitch
formation for left-hand work; and Figures 10° and 10° show the stitch 2
formation for backward knitting or flat work.
Like letters refer to like parts in all Figures, and they also correspond
as much as possible with those on Sheet 1.
I shall only describe the parts which differ from the first machine; the
regulating spiral has already been referred to.
The stitch formation is effected by the curved needle G, which is
moved by the rack gearing into the pinion g on the needle spindles;
the rack is here moved differently, viz., like the straight needle on
Sheet I., by means of the one toothed lever d. The same kind of clutch
gear His here arranged at the inner end and side of the rack ', and is 3
in like manner combined with the disc and the discs E, F, J, viz., by
eccentrics,, rod i³, and pawl . The arrangement of the clutch
gear H and levers II³, ', is also here just the same as in the first
machine, and is therefore not described or shown in detail. The curved
needle G is here then moved by the lever d, just like the straight needle 3
in the first machine, and the clutch works like that for the straight

page_text: needle in the first machine; but as the curved needle here does both
right and left hand work it is evident that "taking in" or shaping can
be done in both.
The Transmission of Motion.-In order to gain more room for the
curved needle G the bevil wheels 6', 6', are here placed further back and
on two separate spindles 6º, 7%, which by spur gearing (say 1 to 4)
transmit motion to the spindles of the toothed rollers 6', 6º, for moving
the spirals B' and B³. The square for the handle 6° is on that one of
the two spindles 6° which is on the same side as in the first machine.
By one turn of the handle at U the spiral B will turn four times or make
four stitches, hence probably be able to knit faster. The lever & is
moved by the grooved cam on the spindle of the roller 6', as in the
first machine. If now the curved needle is to knit both right and left
and to penetrate from outside and inside in the stitch, the turning of the
spirals remaining the same, then the needle G must be placed as shown
at Figure 8, and then as shown at Figure 9; the spindle ¹ of the needlo
G can be disconnected from it; it is square where the pinion g fits on
it, and the latter conscquently moves it, but as the pinion g works in a
kind of casing 9³ the spindle may be drawn out, but not the pinion.
The spindle has in front a flat broad head which keeps the needle from
falling down, and a turned-down groove behind, wherein the spring ³
takes. At the end of the spindle, where the needle G fits on it, is
formed as an elongated hexagon so that the needle only can have two
positions, viz., those shown at Figures 8 and 9. When changing the
position it is only required to lift the spring 9º, draw out the spindle,
bring the needle in the required opposite position, and then push the
spindle back; the spring g³ catches into the groove, the pinion fits on the
square part of the spindle, and all is in order.
The stitch formation at Figures 8 and 9 requires no further explana-
tion, as it will be understood from those previously described.
The Back and Flat Knitting.-The spindle 6' has close to the grooved
cam 6 a smaller grooved cam m_for back knitting. In the dovetail-
formed part of the framing works a slide M, which carries the needle
N in the holder 2, and below that the boss or sleeve o. The needle N
goes from the outside into the feed spiral B², which then, by reversing
tho motion of the handle at 6, becomes the looper spiral. It first
passes through the stitch, which last has been fed by the looper spiral B¹,

page_text: Fourthly. The said knitting spiral in combination with a straight
and a curved needle for right and left knitting, substantially as set
forth.
Fifthly. The said knitting spiral in combination with an unchange,
able one-pointed needle for right and left knitting, substantially as set
forth.
Sixthly. The said knitting spiral in combination with a curved double-
pointed needle for right and left knitting, substantially as set forth.
Seventhly. The combination of a knitting machine according to
claims 1 to 6, with a needle for back knitting for flat work, substantially
as shown and as described.
Eighthly. The combination of a knitting machine according to claims
1 to 6, with all the described appliances for taking in, shaping, or
diminishing the number of stitches, and especially the discs E, F, J,
with levers K, and clutch gear H, substantially as shown and as;
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
DEARD TONSTAN
7.