matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED MEANS OF VENTILATING RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Thomas Marzetti at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th August 1880.
CHARLES THOMAS MARZETTI, of John Street, Crutched Friars, in the City of
London. "IMPROVED MEANS OF VENTILATING RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES."
The Invention consists in applying to railway or other carriages at any suitable
or convenient part thereof, one or more open ended pipes or tubes, so disposed that
the outer ends of such pipes or tubes are carried through the side, roof, or other
suitable part of the carriage to the outside thereof and turned so as to face either
in the direction of motion of such carriage, or in the direction opposite to such
motion, according to whether it is desired to produce a current of air inwards
into the carriage or outwards therefrom, the inner ends of such pipes or tubes being
carried to those parts of the carriage to which it is desired to supply fresh air, or
from which it is desired to remove vitiated or warm air, as the case may be.
When the outer end of the pipe or tube is turned in the direction of motion of
the carriage a current of air is forced through such pipe or tube into the carriage,
when the latter is in motion, and when the outer end of the pipe or tube is turned
in the direction opposite to that of the motion of the carriage, a suction is created,
and a current of air is drawn out of the carriage when the latter is in motion.
Thus if the end of a pipe at one side for example, is turned forward, and the end of
another pipe on the other side, for example, is turned backwards, the effect of the
first will be to introduce a current of fresh air into the carriage, and of the second to
withdraw a current of vitiated air therefrom. These pipes or tubes may be arranged
in a variety of ways, and preferably so disposed that although they effect a complete
ventilation of the carriage they do not create a draught. And the pipes or tubes
may be arranged either to withdraw only, or to introduce only, or combined so as to
both withdraw vitiated air and to introduce fresh air to and from the same
carriage or compartment. The outer ends of the pipes or tubes may be arranged
so that they can be adjusted to either direction from the interior of the carriage by
means of suitable handles or other appliances.
IMPROVED MACHINERY WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER FOR CONTINUOUSLY WRINGING CALICO, CLOTH, AND OTHER WOVEN FABRICS, FOR THE USE OF BLEACHERS, DYERS, CALICO PRINTERS, AND OTHERS."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Ainsworth and Charles
Alfred Marriott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd
January 1880.
<<
EDWARD AINSWORTH, of the Borough of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
and CHARLES ALFRED MARRIOTT, of Manchester, in the same County, Engineers.
IMPROVED MACHINERY WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER FOR
CONTINUOUSLY WRINGING CALICO, CLOTH, AND OTHER WOVEN FABRICS, FOR THE
USE OF BLEACHERS, DYERS, CALICO PRINTERS, AND OTHERS."
The object of this Invention is to perform the twisting or torsional method of
wringing the fabric by machinery, in order to dispense with the uncertain and
expensive mode of passing the fabric between weighted squeezing rollers.
The saturated fabric to be wrung is passed through one or more eyelets to a
roller or eyelet, from whence it passes over and under friction or tension bars, and
round a flanged roller or spool working in bearings fixed obliquely on a tube or
hollow shaft, through which the fabric is drawn by drawing rollers, and delivered
to any part or place required, the hollow shaft and rollers working in bearings in
a headstock and standards fixed to a frame or bed.
Between the tension bars and the oblique roller there is a suitable distance to
allow the fabric to be twisted or wrung, and when the machine is set to work the
fabric is so efficiently twisted that the water or liquor is effectually wrung out, and
the fabric as it passes onwards has the twist entirely taken out by the time it has
arrived at the drawing rollers, and as the twisting roller or spool can be worked at
a high speed a great length of fabric can be perfectly wrung in a comparatively
short time.
We have only described one arrangement of machinery for wringing the water
or liquor from the fabrics, but it will be evident that several modifications can be
contrived for carrying out our Invention, which consists in employing machinery
worked by motive power for wringing woven fabrics.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR MOUNTING THE SADDLES OR SEATS OF VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Gordon Salamon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the. 30th September 1880.
ALFRED GORDON SALAMON, of Holborn Viaduct, in the City of London,
Associate of the Royal School of Mines, and Fellow of the Chemical Society.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR MOUNTING THE SADDLES OR
SEATS OF VELOCIPEDES."
"
It has been found that the saddles and seats of velocipedes when mounted in the
ordinary way are apt to work loose and rock from side to side after being used
for any considerable time.
To obviate this inconvenience, and to ensure a perfectly easy motion for the
rider in a vertical direction only, I propose to connect the saddles and seats of
velocipedes to the backbone or framework of the machine by a central coupling of
peculiar construction.
Supposing it be wished to attach the saddle of a bicycle to the backbone, I form
a metal clip to embrace the backbone, and attach to this clip by means of pivot pins,
say, four jointed levers set at right angles to each other. The upper ends of these
jointed levers I connect by pivot pins to the metal shell of the saddle, and I
interpose between the jointed levers an elastic packing, which may consist of a
coiled spring, or vulcanized india rubber, or its equivalent, the office of which spring
is to sustain the pressure of the seat, and return it to its normal position when the
pressure is removed.
On applying pressure to the saddle or seat, all the jointed levers will be
simultaneously and equally depressed, and the spring of metal or india rubber
interposed between the sent and the backbone will receive the downward pressure
and neutralize any jarring action that may arise.
APPARATUS FOR WEIGHING AND MEASURING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Moses Bottomley Tetley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March 1880.
MOSES BOTTOMLEY TETLEY, of Dunmow, in the County of Essex..
APPARATUS FOR WEIGHING AND MEASURING." :
"IMPROVED
This Invention relates to a weighing and measuring scoop, whereby quantities of
sugar, tea, coffee, and other substances may be weighed or measured in the course
of transfer from the bulk to a bag or other receptacle without the use of separate
weighing scales.
The Invention consists of a cylindrical or other scoop shaped receptacle of suitable
dimensions, having a scale of standard measures of capacity extending from top to
bottom on the inside. To the bottom is fixed a handle containing a spring balance,
the handle being made in two parts sliding telescopically the one within the other,
and enclosing a spiral spring interposed between the two, so as to be compressed
by the weight of the contents of the receptacle. The inner part is fixed to the
bottom of the receptacle, and the outer part is held in the hand, and when held in
an upright position the weight of the contents is measured by the compression of
the spring and indicated by the telescopic movement of the two parts of the handle
upon a scale of standard measures of weight marked on the latter. The inner part
may have a rod fixed to it extending quite through the outer part, with a book
attached to its lower end for weighing parcels which could not be conveniently
placed in the scoop shaped receptacle.
The scoop may also be used for weighing liquids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS FOR BICYCLES AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Clarke at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1880.
HENRY CLARKE, of No. 42'/, Darlington Street, Wolverhampton. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BEARINGS FOR BICYCLES AND OTHER VEHICLES."
I propose to use a case of a suitable shape made of steel, iron, or other suitable
metal or compound of metals, which said case has one or more grooves cut on its
inner surface. I propose also to use one or more pairs of cones, which cones have
an external and internal screw thread of suitable pitch cut thereon, which cones
are placed inside the aforesaid case, between which cones and caso are placed three
or more balls of any suitable size, which are held in position by a set screw or
other suitable means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE NOTCHES OF UMBRELLA FURNITURE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Allen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th November 1880.
.
JOSEPH ALLEN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE NOTCHES OF UMBRELLA
FURNITURE."
This Invention consists in making the parts termed the notches of umbrella
furniture in the following manner:―
I take two discs of metal and stamp therein rings of sufficient width for the
notches round the inner periphery of each ring, the tool sinks the metal into a
groove forming a corresponding projecting ring on the other side of the disc.
Putting these two discs together back to back the projecting rings meet and form
a distance piece, the groove on the upper face of one of these discs receives the
turned over edge of the runner, and into which the latter is closed. By slightly
hacking the tool which cuts out the blanks or discs, a ragged or serrated edge may
be given to the inner periphery of the discs; this will have the effect of preventing
the notch piece formed by them from turning upon the runner.
My Invention further consists in forming these notches of Bessemer steel by the
process above named.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE LEVEL OF THE LIQUID FUEL IN LAMP RESERVOIRS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Cohen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1880.
DAVID COHEN, of Westbury Terrace, Westbourne Square, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE LEVEL OF THE
LIQUID FUEL IN LAMP RESERVOIRS."
My Invention is designed to indicate the level of liquid fuel in lamp reservoirs
so as to obviate all risk of over filling or running dry, and is especially applicable
to such lamps as have their reservoirs constructed of opaque material, and to
hanging lamps having sevoral branches supplied from a single chamber.
My improved apparatus, made of any suitable material, consists of a float of
convenient form, allowed to rise and fall, according to the level of the liquid,
between guides, and from which projects upwards through the upper side of the
reservoir a spindle or rod which is attached to it, and which is marked or graduated
in any convenient manner to indicate by its position that of the float, and therefore
the level of the liquid within.
When not required the spindle may be forced down and so held by a screw, cap,
or plug. Whenever it is wished to ascertain the level of the liquid within
the reservoir the cap is removed, thus releasing the graduated spindle, which,
actuated by the float rising to the surface of the liquid, correctly indicates its
level.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANING AND SWEEPING ROADS, PATHS, AND PAVEMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd December 1880.
A communication from Ole Christian Barchmann, of Hamburg, in the German
Empire.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANING AND
SWEEPING ROADS, PATHS, AND PAVEMENTS." A communication from Ole Christian
Barchmann, of Hamburg, in the German Empire.
This Invention relates to apparatus constructed for removing mud, dust, and
other matters from roads, paths, and pavements. As a medium for absorbing the
mud or dust, dray and wetted saw dust is employed respectively. The saw dust is
contained in a case or reservoir fastened to a car or frame placed on rollers, and
from this case the saw dust is, during the forward motion of the car or frame, fed
on to the road, path, or pavement that has to be cleaned. The feeding may be
executed by an endless cloth or strap passing through the saw dust box, or by
other means as convenient. A flat brush or other implement which is attached to
the apparatus is employed for distributing the saw dust, and for bringing same
in contact with the mud or dust, which is consequently absorbed by the saw dust.
A revolving brush, driven by ordinary gearing or other convenient mechanical
arrangement, removes the mixture of mud or dust and saw dust, either to the sides
of the road, path, or pavement, or onto an endless cloth which brings it into
a box or reservoir of the apparatus. The apparatus may be constructed for being
driven either by animal power or by hand.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Holroyd and George Frederick
Holroyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November
1880.
WILLIAM HOLROYD and GEORGE FREDERICK HOLROYD, both of Parkside Road
Works, Bradford, in the County of York, Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The object of our Invention is to dispense with the use of Jacquard and Wytch
engines for regulating the healds when weaving light piece goods, such as Balzerines,
and to arrange the connections to the healds in such a manner that the tension on
the healds and warp threads is reduced when the same are lifted, and also to easo
the doup healds when the warp is being raised to the top.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:
On to the bottom or other shaft of the loom revolving at the proper rate of
speed we mount a double tappet, which acts upon an oscillating lever kept in
contact with the same by means of a spring. A little above this lever we mount a
revolving cylinder having a number of projections on the circumference. These
projections act upon a series of vertical rods that are connected to the ordinary
jack rods, and extend down to below the first mentioned lever. When any of the
projections press against the corresponding vertical rod the same is brought into
contact with the first mentioned lever, which we call the tappet lever, and actuates
the vertical and jack rod, thus raising the healds connected therewith.
In order to relieve the tension of the healds when rising to form the shed we
connect to each bottom heald shaft two cams centred in suitable brackets, and
connected together at the nose by a spiral spring. These cains are centred in such
a manner that when the healds are rising the cams turn on their centres, and the
noses rising relieve the tension on the healds and increase the tension on the spring
connecting the same together. As soon as the healds begin to descend the aforesaid
spring draws the noses of the cams towards each other and pulls the healds down
to their original position.
In order to relieve the tension on the douped healds we connect to the jack rods
levers that are attached to the slip heald shaft of the doup. When the doup has
got through the bottom half of the warp these levers begin to relieve the tension
on the doup by raising the slip shaft a little higher.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MICROSCOPES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Swift at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th July 1880.
JAMES SWIFT, of the Firm of James Swift and Son, of 43, University Street, in
the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MICROSCOPES."
My Invention relates to improvements on Grubb's radial traversing substage
arrangement for carrying an achromatic condenser, or any other illuminating
apparatus used beneath the stage of an ordinary simple or compound table
microscope, so arranged as to enable it to be placed at any angle right or left of a
line coincident of the axis of the 'optical tube of the instrument, at the same timo
permitting the rays of light to impinge the object on the stage of the microscope
and maintain that concentric position during the entire traversing, and which
arrangement forms part of the Invention which received Provisional Protection,
dated 5th July 1854, No. 1477.
My first improvement consists in the adaptation of a second radial arc piece or
sector, at any suitable angle (a right angle being preferred) to that of the original
Grubb radial arc piece or sector, by which means an additional substage carrying
an achromatic condenser or other reflecting and illuminating apparatus is enabled
to project another pencil or beam of light, either parallel or convergent, so as to
impinge the object on the stage of the microscope, either separately or combined,
and the same radial traversing apparatus can be moved above the stage of the
instrument, so as to illuminate an opaque object when desired. The second arc
piece or sector, which forms the first part of my Invention is pivotted to the first
arc piece or sector, so that it can be turned in any suitable position or direction
when not required for use, and may be made to traverse either concentric or eccentric
to the plane of the object on the stage, intersected by a line passing through the
optic axis of the objective.
My second improvement consists in making the whole of the substage
arrangement, that is to say, the Grubb arc piece or sector and the second arc piece
or sector detachable from the instrument, thus leaving the microscope free for the
adaptation of an ordinary substage, or the usual understage apparatus. I am
aware that substages have already been made to be detached from the mainstage
of the microscope, but such is not the case in any former radial traversing or
swinging substage, which has hitherto been constructed as a fixture and part of the
instrument. I prefer to make the substage to slide with dovetail fittings, so that
it may be easily detachable, but grooves, slots, or clamped milled heads may be
used for that purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING, ADAPTED TO HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER SIMILAR BUILDINGS AND FRAMES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles William Knight at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1880.
CHARLES WILLIAM KNIGHT, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GLAZING, ADAPTED TO HORTICULTURAL AND OTHER SIMILAR
BUILDINGS AND FRAMES."
My Invention relates to improvements in glazing, and is particularly adapted to
the glazing of horticultural work, such as greenhouses, vineries, and garden frames,
but it is also well adapted to the glazing of market halls and such like, and I
claim that my method is expeditious and simple, gives great facility to replace any
broken glass from the inside, and is elegant in appearance.
In carrying out my Invention as applied to the glazing of a garden frame for
example, I construct the frame with the division bars in a vertical position and
without any horizontal bars, and on the topside, and down the centre of each
division bar I form a groove or channel for the purpose of carrying off any wet that
may leak through the joints of the glass.
At regular intervals in the division bars, to suit the size of the glass used, I bore
suitable holes to receive the shanks of a peculiarly shaped clasp or glass holder, the
shank of which is by preference screwed and provided with a nut. I make the
bead of the glass holder flat and with a ledge on the inside at its lower edge for
the glass to rest upon, and an elastic washer may be used as a protection to the
glass from breakage when screwed up.
The arrangement of the glass is such that the squares overlap only at the top
and bottom edges, and not at the sides, which meet over each division bar. The
corners of the glass are taken off to leave a space for the shank of the holder.
Thus, the bottom edges of each square of glass rest on the beforementioned ledge,
and the top edges of the glass are held by pressure against the woodwork; all that
is necessary to allow of a broken square to be taken out, is to slacken the nut of the
holder sufficiently, when the glass may be removed and be replaced with a new
The woodwork is covered (or nearly so)
square in a few minutes from the inside.
by the glass, and is thus better protected and will not require painting so often as
is usual.
MENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO THE MAKING OF STAYS AND CORSETS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elizabeth Langdon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1880.
ELIZABETH LANGDON, of Kingsland, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO THE MAKING OF STAYS AND CORSETS."
"
IMPROVE-
The object of my Invention is to reduce the size of corsets and stays without
interfering with the comfort of the wearers, and to render corsets and stays more
casily adaptable to the figures of the wearers.
The means by which my said Invention are carried out are as follow, vizt. :-
Into each section of the front portion of the corset extending from the waist to
the bottom of the corset I introduce a convenient number of longitudinal or hori-
zontal strips of elastic or other expansive material. These strips are inserted
between casings of whalebone or such like substance in positions so as not to
extend quite to the hips, and are stitched to the material of which the corset is
composed.
By these means a closer and more easy and comfortable fit is obtained, the
employment of clastic in the manner hereinbefore described rendering the corset
peculiarly easy of adjustment to the figure of the wearer, and securing a closer and
better fit for under and outer clothing by reason of the corset being far less bulky
and clumsy thau the kinds ordinarily used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO STIRRUP LEATHERS AND HARNESS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Silvermann and Edward Rishton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1880.
LOUIS SILVERMANN, of Regency Street, in the County of Middlesex, Draughtsman,
and EDWARD RISHTON, of Greenwich, in the County of Kent, Wire-worker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO STIRRUP LEATHERS AND
HARNESS."
Our Invention is designed as a safety apparatus to which the attachment of the
stirrup leather is made, so formed that the pulling of a cord connecting it with
the rider will at once release the stirrup leather, and thus obviate all danger of
dragging in case of a fall; it is also applicable to the attachments of harness where it
is desirable to give the driver power to suddenly disconnect the traces, &c., as in
case of the bolting of the horses.
Our improved apparatus is made in the form of a square with two sides
prolonged. Across the open end thus left there closes a hinged piece which is held
in position by a detent hinged on the opposito side. This detent is retained in its
place by a spring strong enough to resist any ordinary shock. The detent is
releasable by the sudden and heavy pull of a cord attached to it. This cord is
attached to the person of the rider when used for stirrup leathers, or conveyed to
the reach of the driver when used on harness. One portion of the stirrup leather
or strap passes over the hinged top, and the other portion passes over the opposite
and farthest closed end, conveniently used in the case of the stirrup leather for the
attachment to the saddle.
IMPROVED STOPPER MEASURE FOR BOTTLES AND LIKE RECEPTACLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stanley Thomas Stephenson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January 1880.
"AN
STANLEY THOMAS STEPHENSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVED STOPPER MEASURE FOR BOTTLES AND LIKE RECEPTACLES."
My Invention has for its object the construction of a bottle stopper which will
serve as a measure for measuring out the liquids or other contents of bottles and
like receptacles.
A measure stopper constructed according to my Invention consists of a glass,
china, earthenware, wood, vulcanite, metal, or like stopper, either plain or combined
with cork or india rubber, and made to fit accurately the mouth and neck of the
bottle in manner similar to an ordinary cork. The latter portion of the stopper is
carried up and formed into a cup which is made of accurate dimensions so as to
constitute a measure, such as a teaspoonful, desert spoonful, or table spoonful.
Where the stopper is formed of glass or transparent material a scale may be marked
on the measure to indicate the grades of capacity.
A stopper according to my Invention may be formed with the measure in an
upright position on the top thereof, or the measure may be inverted over the plug
of the stopper, and when in position form a cap to the bottle, but in all cases the
measure must be of accurate dimensions or graded with an accurate scale.
My Invention can be arranged to fit the bottle by the stopper being ground to
fit the bottle mouth, or the stopper may have a thin covering of cork attached to
the stopper by shellac or a suitable cement.
One of the features of my Invention consists of forming the stopper of vulcanite,
which can be ground to form a joint with the bottle, or the joint may be effected
by using a cork or india rubber washer placed inside the neck of the bottle.
In application my Invention is particularly applicable to medicine bottles as the
stopper can be arranged to constitute the measure for the dose of the medicine
contained in the bottle. Another particular application of my Invention consists
in its use as a measure for spirit bottles for the bars of hotels, railway refreshment
rooms, and like places. In this application the measure is formed of capacity to
correspond with a noggin or other like measure usually used in the measure of
spirits and liquors. The measure and stopper may be made of metal, and stamped
with the regular excise or standard stamp.
A COMBINED CALL-BELL AND LAMP, USEFUL FOR SMOKE-ROOMS AND OTHER SIMILAR RESORTS.
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hilton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1880.
WILLIAM HILTON, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster. A COMBINED
CALL-BELL AND LAMP, USEFUL FOR SMOKE-ROOMS AND OTHER SIMILAR RESORTS.
In carrying out my Invention I arrange a stand, from the centre of which rises
a vase which constitutes the lamp reservoir, and which is surmounted by the
burner.
On either side of or surrounding this vase are two or more hollow pillars designed
to contain spirit, and into which dip the ordinary cigar or pipe lighter, and thus
remain ready for use.
Beneath this stand is fixed a call bell, and between each of the pillars herebefore
mentioned is arranged a button, which being depressed by the finger of operator
causes a lever to tilt up into contact with a clapper, and so causes the same to
strike the bell.
I thus produce an ornamental and convenient fitting, suitable for the tables of
smoke rooms and other similar resorts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Armitage at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1880.
DAVID ARMITAGE, of Longwood, near Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Loom Tuner. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
16
This Invention relates to looms (having rising and falling shuttle boxes) employed
in weaving woollen and other heavy goods. The object of this Invention is to
lower the boxes gradually and prevent the noise and wear and tear occasioned by
their being allowed to drop from one box to another. The improvements consist in
attaching a ratchet wheel or pulley to the ordinary box lever, and in passing around
the pulley a chain or cord, such chain or cord being connected to an adjustable
weighted lever attached to the loom frame. When the boxes are being lowered, a
catch (also fixed on the box lever) takes into gear with the ratchet wheel, which is
partially turned round thereby, whilst the chain or cord around the pulley acts as a
brako, and prevents the boxes dropping too suddenly.
Instead of using the chain or cord as a brake to the pulley a spring may be
employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPING AND STARTING TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES, APPLICABLE ALSO TO MACHINERY
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dye Hartley and Jacob
Thomas Hampson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd
September 1880.
WILLIAM DYE HARTLEY, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, and JACOB
THOMAS HAMPSON, of Finsbury, in the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR STOPPING AND STARTING TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER VEHICLES,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO MACHINERY."
Our Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for utilising the momentum or
moving power overcome in the act of stopping railway and tramway carriages, and
other vehicles and machinery, as a means of restarting or assisting to restart the
said carriage, vehicle, or machinery; and the Invention comprehends the employ-
ment for this purpose of any elastic or other medium, such as, for example, the use
of springs, the compression of air, gas, or liquid, or the creation of a vacuum,
whereby the moving power to be overcome may be stored up until required to be
again given out and employed for the purpose above mentioned.
We will describe one of the many ways in which the Invention may be carried
out in practice as applied to a tramway car.
Gearing capable of being thrown into or out of connection with the car axle is
caused by the revolution of the said axle to rotate a barrel and wind up a chain
attached to a spring (or springs), which is thus put in tension; other gearing,
also capable of being thrown into or out of connection with the axle and barrel,
being employed to apply the force stored up in the spring in such a way as to
rotate, or tend to rotate, the axle and assist in restarting the car.
The first set of gearing is put in connection with the axle when it is desired to
stop the car, the second set of gearing being meanwhile out of connection. When
the car is stopped the second set of gear is also thrown into connection, the first set
being thrown out of connection when it is desired to apply the accumulated force
of the spring for the purpose of restarting the car.
It will be understood that the construction and arrangement of the machinery
may be varied considerably, and will in each case depend on the nature of the
medium employed to store up the momentum of the car.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MASH COOLING APPARATUS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Brierley at
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1880.
from abroad by Adolph Nohring, of Marsonvasar, in
Hungary.
the Office of the
A communication
the Kingdom of
WALTER BRIERLEY, of Halifax, in the County of York, and Blackburn, in
the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MASH COOLING
APPARATUS." A communication from abroad by Adolph Nohring, of Marsonvasar,
in the Kingdom of Hungary.
This Invention relates to improvements in mash-cooling machines in which
vertically reciprocating cooling pipes operate in conjunction with a cooling tank;
and the objects of my improvements are, first, to provide a continuous motion of
the mash through the mash pipes; second, to cool the mash on two cooling surfaces;
and, third, to produce a permanent stream of fresh water through the cooling
pipes.
I attain these objects by mechanism comprising a water tank closed by a cover;
inside of the tank near to its base is a collecting vessel, which is connected with
the cover by several pipes. In these pipes the cooling pipes are raised and lowered
by connecting rod, the rod being operated by any convenient mechanism, such as a
lever, a crank, or an eccentric, to supply the cooling pipes (which are closed on
their under ends) with a continuous stream of fresh water; pipes of smaller diameter
are placed therein, and fixed on the bottom of the box. The bottom divides the
box into two partitions. The upper one is connected with the water supply or a
pump by means of the pipe and a hose.
As water is supplied it runs down internal pipes, and then it raises in other
pipes, and fills the lower partition, and quits the apparatus through an exit pipe
and a hose connected therewith.
The mash is filled in the upper tank, passes down in the external pipes, always
surrounded by the fresh water in the tank, and cooled from inside by the cooling
pipes to the collecting vessel, from whence it is let off through an outlet pipe.
The cooling water runs in the tank through the pipe, and out through the bent
pipe. Another pipe serves to admit of cleaning the tank.
The reciprocating motion of the cooling pipes prevents any stoppage of the mash
in the pipes.
IN SCREW PROPELLERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Daniel Custance at the Office
of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1880. A communi-
cation from abroad by James Johnstone, of Yokohama, Japan.
JOHN DANIEL CUSTANCE, of Romford, in the County of Essex.
IN SCREW PROPELLERS."
Yokohama, Japan.
"IMPROVEMENTS
A communication from abroad by James Johnstone, of
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction of screw propellers,
whereby slip is considerably lessened and an increase of propelling surface
obtained.
It consists in forming the hitherto plain surface of the blade or blades with a
series of transverse curved or serpentine corrugations running parallel to the centre
line of the shaft, or at any angle therewith as found most desirable. By this
Invention besides increasing the propelling surface of the blade or blades a greater
hold is obtained on the water.
TOOLS FOR TURNING PEARL BUTTONS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Wright and William Jones at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January 1880.
ALFRED WRIGHT and WILLIAM JONES, of 165, Brearley St., West, Birmingham,
Manufacturers. "TOOLS FOR TURNING PEARL BUTTONS."
In turning pearl buttons the sharp cutting edge of the hand tools made of steel,
which material has hitherto been used, is soon worn dull by the hard mother of
pearl.
The object of our Invention is to make a tool which will, "firstly, save the time
of the turner spent in continually whetting up the steel tools"; "secondly, to
produce a finer surface on the button." To effect this we shape diamonds, either
on a lap or by otherwise cutting & grinding them, so as to form on them a fine
sharp cutting edge similar to the cutting edge of the steel tools at present used.
then set the diamonds in copper or other metal in the ordinary way, and then fix
the copper or other metal setting in a suitable stock or holder, leaving the cutting
edge of the diamond to protrude. This tool may be held in the hand or otherwise.
We
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MERINO, LINEN, COTTON, AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS WOVEN IN BROAD LOOMS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Kershaw, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MERINO,
LINEN, COTTON, AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS WOVEN IN BROAD LOOMS."
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Kershaw at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th October 1881.
JAMES KERSHAW, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MERINO, LINEN, COTTON, AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS
WOVEN IN BROAD LOOMS."
"
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of merino, linen,
cotton, and other textile fabrics woven in broad looms, and consists in interweaving
therein as weft," one, two, or more pieces of clastic, the length whereof is
regulated according to the effect desired to be produced.
Although my Invention is so exceedingly simple, it offers great advantages and
convenience; thus, for instance, in applying it to fabrics from which cuffs, collarettes,
aprons, and other articles of attire are manufactured, not only is the desired effect
produced automatically, but the article, owing to the elasticity of the fabric, readily
adapts itself to the proportions of the wearer, thus obviating the necessity of
manufacturing several different sizes of one article at the same time, that a perfect
fit is ensured.
Another great advantage is that garments made from fabrics manufactured upon
my improved principle, do not become loose, slack, ungainly, or uncomfortable after
repeated use, but always retain their shape.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th October 1881. A communi-
cation from abroad by Charles Mürer, of Metz, Germany.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SAWING MACHINERY." A communication from abroad by Charles Mürer, of
Metz, Germany.
This Invention relates to improved sawing machinery, and its purpose is to
facilitate sawing and to allow of its being done more carefully than before, also to
dispense with the noise of sawing.
This improved sawing mechanism consists of a frame in which the journals of a
crank-shaft are placed, said crank-shaft bearing at each end a fly wheel, one being
heavier than the other. The crank-shaft is actuated by moving a treadle connected
with the crank-shaft by a drawing rod.
Another drawing rod connects the shaft with a movable frame sliding up and
down in metal guides.
A bellows or a set of bellows is worked from the movable frame by means of a
small connecting rod. The caoutchouc pipe of the bellows is placed inside the
frame, and terminates with a copper pipe at the top of the machine near the saw
blade.
The motion of the bellows contributes to render the working of the machine a
great deal easier.
No tooth-gearing, spring, chain, or belt is required.
The blade is held by two strong jaws.
This machinery can be constructed also with one fly wheel. The shaft in
this case is made straight, and a crank is provided at the end opposite to the fly-
wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKETS, EARRINGS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF JEWELRY
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Edward Solomon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th November 1881.
CHARLES EDWARD SOLOMON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKETS, EARRINGS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF JEWELRY."
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction of lockets, earrings,
and other articles of jewelry, whereby they can swing in any direction to their
pendants, instead of only sideways as at present.
My Invention consists in substituting for the ordinary hinge or other joint
between the pendant and body of the locket, earring, or other ornament, a ball
and socket joint, that is to say, the lower end of the pendant is formed with a ball,
and the upper edge of the locket or ornament with a socket or cup, or vice versa.
By this arrangement the locket or ornament swings freely in any direction
without the liability of being bent or strained.
A NEW OR IMPROVED BOX OR RECEPTACLE FOR BOBBINS OF THREAD AND THE LIKE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Macarthur Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th September 1881.
ROBERT MACARTHUR CLARK, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain. "A NEW OR IMPROVED BOX OR RECEPTACLE FOR BOBBINS OF THREAD
AND THE LIKE."
The new or improved box or receptacle constituting this Invention consists of
an outer casing divided into a number of divisions in accordance with the number
of kinds of bobbins of thread or the like to be held in the box, and of a width
about equal to the length of the bobbins. At the lower part of each division is a
recessed bottom piece capable of being turned outwards through an opening at the
said lower part. The bobbins are placed one above another side by side in the
said divisions, the undermost bobbin in each division resting in the recess of the
aforesaid recessed bottom piece. When this recessed bottom piece is turned out-
wards by a projection provided for the purpose the bobbin in its recess is turned
outwards with it and can readily be removed from the box. On the return of the
recessed bottom piece into position (which may be effected by a spring), the next
bobbin of the series of bobbins contained in the division will fall into the recess
of the said recessed bottom piece, and can be removed by turning the said piece
outwards as aforesaid, and so on until the series is exhausted, when a fresh supply
may be placed in the division.
The box or receptacle made according to this Invention may be constructed to
contain one or any other number of series of bobbins, and may be of any suitable
external shape, and the openings at which the bobbins are inserted may be in any
suitable part, and may be covered by a sliding or other cover.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES, AND IN ADJUSTING THEIR POSITION IN THEIR FRAMES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Hoffe Miles, of Southampton, in the County of
Hants, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND
CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES, AND IN ADJUSTING THEIR POSITION IN
THEIR FRAMES.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Hoffe Miles at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th October 1881.
JOSEPH HOFFE MILES, of Southampton, in the County of Hants. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES, AND IN
ADJUSTING THEIR POSITION IN THEIR FRAMES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the arrangement and construction of
sashes for windows of the character described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to Thomas Henry Collins, dated 7th November 1878, No. 4523; and the
object of my improvements is to dispense with the weights, pulleys, and lines,
together with the labour of fitting these appliances to the ordinary window frames
in general use, at the same time to afford perfect ventilation which can be easily
regulated as may be required.
For this purpose according to my improvements I make the ordinary sash frame
which slides up and down a fixture or stationary, the glazed frame being formed
with rabbeted joints, the surfaces of the two frames when closed coming flush
together or level on each side, and by this means made as nearly wind and water
tight as possible. The glazed frame is hinged or jointed to the fixed frame
advantageously by hinges, the lower part of which is attached or screwed to the
fixed frame, and the upper part of the hinge to the glazed frame or sash, which by
this means can rotate into any desired position for the purpose of ventilation,
repairs, or cleaning.
The swinging sash when closed can be fixed by a bolt or otherwise to the fixed
frame, or it can be retained when open at any desired angle by means of a
quadrant or other mechanical contrivance, or by frictional surfaces between the two
frames.

page_text: J. H. MILES. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS. IN DEVICES FOR SECURING DOOR HANDLES OR KNOBS ON THEIR SPINDLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1881. A communication
from abroad by William H. Gonne, of Chatham, in the Dominion of Canada.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS. IN DEVICES FOR
SECURING DOOR HANDLES OR KNOBS ON THEIR SPINDLES." [A communication
from abroad by William H. Gonne, of Chatham, in the Dominion of Canada.]
This Invention relates to door handles, and is designed to provide means
whereby the same may be readily and quickly adjusted to doors of different
thicknesses.
The said Invention consists in the peculiar construction of the spindle and its
combination with the knobs so that a ready adjustment may be effected, while
simplicity and economy of construction are combined with the required strength
and utility.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I employ a spindle which has a
The
knob rigidly secured to it at one end by any convenient or desired means.
opposite end of this spindle, which is rectangular throughout its entire length, is
provided with a screw thread cut upon its corners, and on an extension of this
spindle is a nut which engages with the thread upon the said spindle; from this
nut two arms extend, one on each side of the spindle, their free ends being
connected by a bridge or cross piece provided with a hole centrally tapped to
receive a screw which secures the removable knob on the aforesaid extension.
When this screw is taken out, the removable knob, the adjacent rose, and the
said extension, may be removed from the stationary spindle, so that the said spindle
can be inserted through a door until the fixed knob and its adjacent rose impinge
against the side of the said door; to then secure the spindle in position a rose is
first placed on the opposite side of the said door, and the extension is screwed upon
the spindle until its inner end impinges against the said rose, the removable knob
is then placed upon the said extension and the screw is inserted to draw and hold
the parts together.
The opening through the removable knob is nearly rectangular to conform to
the cross section of the extension so as to prevent the latter from turning upon

page_text: the spindle, and this opening is provided with a bushing to prevent any undue
strain upon the knob.
In some cases the nut may be omitted and the inner faces of the arms may be
screw-threaded to engage with the spindle; in this case the same adjustment may
be effected although the extension will not be so strong and durable as in the first
described construction.
SELF ACTING LATCH APPLICABLE TO DOORS OF VARIOUS KINDS, SHOW-CASES, PORTMANTEAUS, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bevitt at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1881.
WILLIAM BEVITT, of Romford, in the County of Essex. "SELF ACTING LATCH
APPLICABLE TO DOORS OF VARIOUS KINDS, SHOW-CASES, PORTMANTEAUS, AND
VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES."
According to my Invention I substitute for the ordinary latch now in use one
constructed as follows:-
I insert in the edge of the door a spring, spiral, or other form, after which I
place a sphere, spheroid, or other shaped catch made of glass, brass, or other
substance. I then fix over the catch a plate having a hole sufficiently large to
allow the catch to project beyond the edge of the door to nearly half its diameter.
I then fix a corresponding plate on the door-frame or casement, the said plate
having a hole sufficiently large to admit the catch. The pressure on the door
when being closed forces the catch back level with the edge of the door, which
when closed allows the catch to shoot into the hole of the plate fixed on the door
frame or casement.
By pressing against the door to open it the catch is forced back into the door,
and thus allows it to open. The following are some of the advantages which
I claim for my Invention :-
1st. Simplicity and cheapness of construction.
2nd. Certainty of action and durability.
3rd. The knobs or handles can be rigidly fixed on the door, not being required
to be moved.
4th. All projections which are liable to catch dresses or clothing when entering
the door-way are dispensed with.
Catches of similar construction can be used for portmanteaus and other articles.