Year: 1888

page_text: I, JOHN BLACKLOCK of 101 Southampton Row, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to improvements in circular knitting machines of the class
in which the cam grooves have been closed by springs acting on movable cams
for the purpose of ensuring the needles following the proper course, the object
of the invention being to dispense with the springs and employ fixed cams so as to
render the machine easier to work and more durable. Further objects are to dispense
with the separate feed ring which has hitherto been employed and to avoid putting
too much strain on the thread.
In order to dispense with the springs I construct those cams which have hitherto
been actuated thereby of a different shape by forming an upwardly inclined projection
or nose on that end of each cam which has hitherto been actuated by a spring to close
the opening in the cam groove.
At each reciprocating motion of the cam cylinder the needles ride over one of
the projections and being immediately depressed to the normal level of the groove
by the upper side thereof come in contact with the next projection which is
so inclined as to cause the needles to pass underneath it thereby depressing
When the motion of the
them for the purpose of casting off the stitches.
cam cylinder is reversed the needles ride over the cam that they had passed
under in the preceding motion and underneath the one that they had previously
passed over.
The cams thus impart the necessary rise and fall to the needles alternately and
this enables the feed to be fixed to the cam cylinder between the two cams instead of
having to fix it to a separate ring as heretofore.
.
In carrying out this invention I construct the drawing cams with the usual
Where the adjustable piece
adjustable pieces for altering the length of the stitch.
joins the main cam on the descending side 1 form a notch or depression by causing
the main cam to project beyond or overlap the adjustable piece. This causes a
break in the descending groove each needle about the middle of its descent being

page_text: for an instant stationary thus giving time for the needle in front of it to reach
the bottom of the incline. By this means the strain on the yarn is diminished,
no strain being exerted by the stationary needle and the machine in consequence can
be worked with less exertion of power.
It will of course be understood that the notch or rest may be employed with or
formed in various forms of cams for the purpose described above.
1000
Improvements in Circular Knitting Machines.
I, JOHN BLACKLOOK of 101 Southampton Row, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
.
This invention relates to improvements in circular knitting machines of the class
in which the cam grooves have been closed by springs acting on movable cams for
the purpose of ensuring the needles following the proper course, the object of the
invention being to dispense with the springs and employ fixed cams so as to render
the machine easier to work and more durable. Further objects are to dispense with
the separate feed ring which has hitherto been employed and to avoid putting too
much strain on the thread.
In order to dispense with the springs I construct those cams which have hitherto
been actuated thereby of a different shape by forming an upwardly inclined pro-
jection or nose on that end of each cam which has hitherto been actuated by a spring
to close the opening in the cam groove.
At each reciprocating motion of the cam cylinder the needles ride over one of the
projections and being immediately depressed to the normal level of the groove by the
upper side thereof come in contact with the next projection which is so inclined as to
cause the needles to pass underneath it thereby depressing them for the purpose of
casting off the stitches. When the motion of the cam cylinder is reversed the needles
ride over the cam that they had passed under in the preceding motion and underneath
the one that they had previously passed over.
The cams thus impart the necessary rise and fall to the needles alternately and this
enables the feed to be fixed to the cam cylinder between the two cams instead of
having to fix it to a separate ring as heretofore.
In carrying out this invention I construct the drawing cams with the usual

page_text: adjustable pieces for altering the length of the stitch. Where the adjustable piece
joins the main cam on the descending side I form a notch or depression by causing
the main cam to project beyond or overlap the adjustable piece. This causes a
break in the descending groove each needle about the middle of its descent being
for an instant stationary thus giving time for the needle in front of it to reach the
bottom of the incline. By this means the strain on the yarn is diminished, no strain
being exerted by the stationary needle and the machine in consequence can be worked
with less exertion of power.
It will of course be understood that the notch or rest may be employed with or
formed in various forms of cams for the purpose described above.
The accompanying drawing is a developed elevation of the interior of that portion
of the cam cylinder to which my invention applies.
A A¹ are the cams a portion of each of which has hitherto been actuated by a spring
but which in accordance with my present invention are throughout each of rigid
construction and formed with the upwardly inclined projection or nose A² at the
part where formerly was situated the portion which by the before-mentioned spring
forcing it upwards closed the cam groove B above it to effect the casting off of the
itstches. These cams A A' like the other cams C and D are fixedito or form a part
of the cam cylinder E and are formed with recesses F to accomodate the pieces G
as is usual in this class of machine the position of these pieces being as usual adjust-
able as indicated in dot-and-dash lines. The cam or nose overlaps the projections
or noses A² so as to bring the needle, shanks to the level. in which they will be
operated upon by the cams A and A¹. The two complete courses of the needles
are indicated respectively in one direction by arrows without the feathers and in the
other direction by arrows with the feathers. Where each of these adjustable
pieces G joins the main cam on the descending side A³ a notch or rest B¹ is formed
so that a break is caused in the descent of each needle which for an instant is thus
left stationary. D1 and D2 are pivotted "gates" which when the cam cylinder is
moving in the direction indicated by the arrow Z are caused to assume the relative
positions shown in the drawing that is to say the gate D2 is closed and thus prevents
the needle shanks being drawn down by the cam A the upper surface of which then
causes them to rise, but the surface of the cam next coming in contact with them
they are lowered to the level H so that the nose A* catches them and draws them down;
the cam A and its adjustable piece G passing over the needle shanks which are again
caused to ascend by the then-adjacent cam D the gate D' being automatically opened
by the shank of the needle. When the movement of the cam cylinder is reversed the
heel of the gate D₁ by projecting into the cam groove B comes against the needle
shank and is thereby knocked over into its closed position and prevents the said shanks
being drawn down, by the cam A. which therefore passes under them the cam A¹ after-
wards passing over them the gate D2 having been automatically thrown open to admit
of the release of the needle shanks over which the cam A¹ had previously passed as
before described with reference to gate D¹.
The adjustment of the pieces G may be effected by any of the usual devices.
By the arrangement of cams herein before described the feed can be fixed directly
to the cam cylinder between the cams A and A' instead of necessitating as heretofore
a separate ring to fix it to.
The period of rest which by the provision of the notches or depressions B¹ is allowed
each needle in the course of its descent gives the needle in front of it time to reach
the bottom of the incline so that as the strain on the yarn is exerted only by
descending and not by the stationary needles the machine can be worked with less
exertion of power than heretofore.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in. what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is:
✓
1. In a circular knitting machine the combination of the fixed overlapping noses C
and A2 whereby the springs and movable ቦብ ነነነ hitherto used are dispensed with

page_text: substantially as and for the purposes herein described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
2. In a circular knitting machine a rigid cam formed with an upwardly inclined
projection or nose A2 substantially as and for the purposes herein described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
3. In a circular knitting machine the employment of a notch or rest such
as B for the purpose of temporarily arresting the movement of the needle sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawing.
4. In a circular knitting machine the combination with a cylinder of two cams
such as A A¹ so arranged that the feed can be fixed to the cam cylinder between the
said cams substantially as herein described.
Dated this 29th day of December 1888