Improvements in the Manufacture by Machinery of Glass Tubes, Sheet Glass, and other Glass Ware.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 9th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 1st Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture by Machinery of Glass Tubes,
Sheet Glass, and other Glass Ware.
I, DAN RYLANDS, of Hope Glass Works, Stairfoot, near Barnsley in the County of.
York, Glass Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:---
This invention relating to the manufacture by machinery of glass tubes sheet glass,
and other glass ware is carried out in the following manner :-Firstly, in regard to
glass tubes I provide a tube mould which may be of cylindrical or other section,
the mould being in two parts and hinged together longitudinally. Hinged or other-
wise attached to the upper end of the mould is a lid capable of closing the mould
and this lid has formed in it a hole for the passage of an air-admitting plunger
which is free to pass through the lid into the interior of the mould. I also provide a
moveable mould bottom concave or any other suitable shape on its upper surface, the
said bottom being attached by rod to suitable mechanism which may be a piston
working in an air cylinder, and which air cylinder is carried by the lower portion
of mould. Each half of the tube mould is built up in longitudinal sections secured
together by straps or otherwise. A tubular guide fixed centrally with and attached
to upper portion of tube mould if for the guidance of the before-mentioned plunger.¨
An annular indentation or groove is formed in the interior and near to the upper
portion of tube mould. The tube mould also carries near its upper end a trunnion
or shaft having a bearing in a pedestal fixed at ground level over a pit formed for
the reception and oscillation of the tube mould. Means are also provided for rotating
the plunger and tube mould or either of them. The method of forming a tube by the
above-described apparatus is as follows: The moveable bottom having been brought
into position near to the upper end of tube mould and kept there by admitting air
under pressure to under surface of air piston. The mould being in a vertical position,
molten metal is now ladled, gathered, or otherwise conveyed into the cavity formed
by the interior wall of the mould and the mould bottom. The lid of the mould being
now shut and latched, and the plunger coming into operation descends and enters
the molten metal the desired distance, and in doing so will have forced the metal
into the indentation or grooved formed near to the interior upper surface of mould.
A tap capable of accurate adjustment is now opened permitting the compressed air in
the air cylinder to escape, and allowing the mould bottom by gravity to descend.
The tube mould with its lid and plunger have in the meantime by crank or other
device been set in motion in the pit as above described, swinging or oscillating
radially on the trunnion carried by the pedestal as described. Air under suitable
pressure being now admitted through the plunger will result in the molten metal
assuming a tubular form which tubular form will increase in length as the oscillations
and the admission of air continue until the desired length of tube has been attained,
which having been accomplished the oscillations and the admission of air are stopped,
the mould opened and the finished tube removed. It will be seen that the indentation
or groove at the interior upper end of mould is merely for the purpose of holding one
end of the tube in position whilst the other end is by centrifugal force and air
admission brought to its full length.
The above-described apparatus is also applicable to the manufacture of sheet glass.
A tube of suitable diameter and length being first formed then removed from the tube
mould, and the two ends being cut off,-a tool suitably guided, is now passed along
one side of the tube, chilling the tube and causing a longitudinal fracture to take
place. The tube being now re-heated and a cylindrical wedge passed through it will

page_text: open out and assume a form that will enable it to be operated upon by straightening
rolls, thus completing the finished sheet.
In applying this invention to the manufacture of glass ware such as glass bottles,
etcetera, I attach my present oscillating movement to bottle moulds in any suitable
manner wherever such oscillating movement can be formed to work advantageously.
Dated this 7th day of December 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture by Machinery of Glass Tubes,
Sheet Glass, and other Glass Ware.
I, DAN RYLANDS, of Hope Glass Works, Stairfoot, near Barnsley, in the County of
York, Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this, invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention relating to the manufacture by machinery of glass tubes, sheet glass,
and other glass ware is carried out in the following manner :-
Firstly, in regard, to glass tubes, I provide a tube mould which may be of cylindrical
or other section, the mould being in two parts and hinged together longitudinally.
Hinged or otherwise attached to the upper end of the mould is a lid capable of closing
the mould, and this lid has formed in it a hole for the passage of an air-admitting
plunger which is free to pass through the lid into the interior of the mould.. I also
provide a moveable mould bottom concave or any other suitable shape on its upper
surface, the said bottom being attached by rod to suitable mechanism, which may be
a piston working in an air cylinder, and which air cylinder is carried by the lower
portion of mould. Each half of the tube mould is built up in longitudinal sections
secured together by straps or otherwise. A tubular guide fixed centrally with and
attached to upper portion of tube mould is for the guidance of the before-mentioned
plunger. An annular indentation or groove is formed in the interior and near to the
upper portion of tube mould. The tube mould also carries near its upper end a trunnion
or shaft having a bearing in a pedestal fixed at ground level over a pit formed for the
reception and oscillation of the tube mould. Means are also provided for rotating the
plunger and tube mould or either of them. The method of forming a tube by the above-
described apparatus is as follows: The moveable bottom having been brought into
position near to the upper end of tube mould and kept there by admitting air under
pressure to under surface of air piston. The mould being in a vertical position,
molten metal is now ladled, gathered, or otherwise conveyed into the cavity formed
by the interior wall of the mould and the mould bottom. The lid of the mould being
now shut and latched, and the plunger coming into operation descends and enters
the molten metal the desired distance, and in doing so will have forced the metal into
the indentation or groove formed near to the interior upper surface of mould. A tap
capable of accurate adjustment is now opened permitting the compressed air in the air
cylinder to escape, and allowing the mould bottom by gravity to descend. The tube
mould with its lid and plunger have in the meantime by crank or other device been
set in motion in the pit as above described, swinging or oscillating radially on the
trunnion carried by the pedestal as described. Air under suitable pressure being now
admitted through the plunger will result in the molten metal assuming a tubular form,
which tubular form will increase in length as the oscillations and the admission of air
continue until the desired length of tube has been attained, which having been
accomplished the oscillations and the admission of air are stopped, the mould opened:
and the finished tube removed. It will be seen that the indentation or groove at the
interior upper end of mould is merely for the purpose of holding one end of the tube
in position whilst the other end is by centrifugal force and air admission brought to its
full length.
The above-described apparatus is also applicable to the manufacture of sheet glass
A tube of suitable diameter and length being first formed, then removed from the tube.

page_text: mould, and the two ends being cut off,-a tool, suitably guided, is now passed along
one side of the tube, chilling the tube and causing a longitudinal fracture to take
place. The tube being now re-heated and a cylindrical wedge passed through it will
open out and assume a form that will enable it to be operated upon by straightening
rolls, thus completing the finished sheet.
In applying this invention to the manufacture of glass ware such as glass bottles,
etcetera, I attach my present oscillating movement to bottle moulds in any suitable
manner wherever such oscillating movement can be found to work advantageously.
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a front elevation partly in section, and Fig. 2
a side elevation; a is the tube mould in two parts, hinged together longitudinally
at b. b. the two portions being secured and locked together by latches c. c; d is the lid
of the mould hinged at e and locked by latch f; g, a hole formed through lid for the
passage of the pressing plunger h; i, a ram the upper portion of which constitutes the
moveable mould bottom; j, a cylinder carried by bracket k from the lower portion of
tube mould; 1, a tubular guide for the pressing plunger h; mis the annular indentation
or groove formed in upper portion of tube mould; n, a trunnion shaft formed with
and carried by tube mould and working in a bearing o formed in upper portion of
frame p; q, a fast pulley giving the desired oscillating movement to tube mould a
through crank r and connecting rod s; t, is a tap admitting air or other pressure to
the underside of ram i; u, a similar tap for regulating the speed of descent of the
ram i.
The process of making sheet glass by first forming a tube in a mould, then removing
the two ends of the tube and causing the longitudinal fracture to take place, and the
subsequent operations of re-heating and opening the tube by cylindrical wedge, and
the pressing rolls, are as previously described and will be well understood without the
aid of drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The combination of the oscillating movement with the process of pressing and
blowing for the purpose of forming glass tubes substantially as described and
illustrated.
2. The combination and mechanical arrangement of the various parts shown at
Figures 1 and 2 as and for the purposes herein described.
3. The process of forming sheet glass as herein before described.
Dated this Eighth day of September 1890.
BAN RYLANDS.