CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING, GRINDING, SHOOTHING, POLISH- ING, OR OTHERWISE PREPARING GLASS DECANTERS, AND CERTAIN OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1834

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GOLD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Glass Cutter, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the
Fourth, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Seventh day of July, in the fifth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Gold, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said John Gold, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Gold, my exors, adiñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING, GRINDING, SHOOTHING, POLISH-
ING, OR OTHERWISE PREPARING GLASS DECANTERS, AND CERTAIN OTHER ARTICLES;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said John
Gold, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Ilis said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and im-
mediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at largo
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Gold, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascertained in
and by the following description thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon (that is to
say):
My Invention consists in certain combinations of mechanical movements
and apparatus into machines for cutting, grinding, smoothing, and polishing
glass decanters and other vessels of glass requiring plain or level surfaces or
grooves, or elevated surfaces cut, ground, smoothed, and polished thereon, as
ornamental cuttings, similar to the ornamental cutting usually performed by
hand on revolving mills and stones.
Having thus stated generally the object of my Invention, I will describe the
manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a machine constructed according to my Invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of Figure 1. Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, show detached
views of various parts of the machinery and apparatus drawn to a larger
scale in order that their construction may be the more readily understood.
In each of these Figures the same letters indicate similar parts wherever
they occur, a, a, being the framing of the machine, 6 the main or driving
shaft turning vertically in suitable bearings at the parts c, c, affixed to the
framing a of the machine. d is a drum or pulley affixed on the main shaft b,
and by means of the strap f, proceeding from any first mover, rotary motion is
communicated to the main shaft b. On to the main shaft 6 is affixed the
revolving circular table, or grinding, smoothing, or. polishing surface g, the
nature and use of which will be hereafter more fully described. It will bo
seen that the main shaft 6 passes through and stands considerably above
the table g, and has thereon the toothed wheel and the pinion i; but it
should be remarked that the toothed wheel turns freely on the shaft b, whilst
the pinion i is affixed to that shaft. j is a toothed wheel which is affixed
on the shaft k, which shaft turns in suitable bearings at 7, 7, affixed to the
framing of the machine. The toothed wheel j takes into and is driven by
the pinion i affixed on the main shaft. m is a pinion affixed on the shaft k,
taking into and driving the toothed wheel h, which, as before stated, is capable
of turning freely on the main shaft. n, n, n, are three spindles turning in
suitable bearings affixed to the framing a of the machine, and they have
each a toothed wheel which is driven by the toothed wheel h, as shewn in tho

page_text: Drawing. These spindles n, n, n, are capable of being raised or lowered
(and thus stand farther from or nearer to the table or revolving surface g)
by means of the levers o, which have respectively a fulcrum at p affixed to
the framing of the machine, and these levers may be weighted in order to
regulate the degree of pressure to the grinding surface. q, q, q, are three
adjusting screws, one passing through each of the levers o, and it is by this
means that the distance of the spindles from the table g is regulated, for it
will be seen that on each of the spindles n there are collars r, r, between
which the levers o are placed, and by the adjusting screws 9 resting on the
framing a of the machine, the spindles are supported thereby to any desired
position. On to these spindles are connected or affixed the holders which
securely retain the decanters whilst they are undergoing the operations of
grinding, smoothing, and polishing; and as this part of the machinery is very
material, I have gone into considerable detail in drawing the various parts,
Figure 3 being a plan of the frames 8, which form the principal parts of the
holders, and are affixed to the spindles m, which carry the decanters when
undergoing the operation of cutting, grinding, smoothing, or polishing. These
frames are capable of receiving six decanters, there being one shewn in
the Drawing as affixed, by which the manner of fixing will be readily under-
stood. It will be seen that I have not shewn the holders (which carry the
decanters) full, in order to prevent complexity in the Drawings; but at the
same time it will be evident that as each of the parts for affixing the decanters
in the frames or holders & are alike, it will be sufficient to describe that
shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, Figure 4 being an end view of the decanter,
showing the manner of affixing the same on to the framing s, and Figure 5
is a longitudinal view of the decanter, by which the manner of fixing will be
more readily understood. t, t, t, are the holders or cradles into which tho
decanters are received, the construction of which will be evident on inspecting
he Drawing. In each of these holders a decanter is placed, and thereby
upported, and it will be seen that part of the sides of each decanter passes
hrough the holder and offers that surface to be cut, ground, smoothed, or
olished, as the case may be, and which will hereafter be more fully described.
are straps under which the decanters are placed. These straps u are
ffixed to the holders by screws, as shewn in the Drawing, and the holders t
ro affixed to the frame s, as shown. At the upper part of the strap u are
ree grooves to receive three wedges u, v, v, by which the decanter is securely
eld within the holders t, or the wedges v may be pressed on by three screws
assing through the strap u.
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9. show another means of t

page_text: holders or frames 8, the fixing parts being different from those above described.
Figure 6 is a plan of a holder or frame s, having a decanter and one of the
holders shown thereon. Figure 7, an end view looking at the mouth of the
.decanter. Figure 8 is another end view looking at the bottom of the decanter,
and Figure 9 is a longitudinal view of the decanter, showing the manner of
affixing it in the treadle part t of the holder 8. It will be seen that in this
instance the part of the holder t projects outwards in order to pass beyond
the end of the decanter, and thus form a socket or bearing for the short
spindle w, on which there is affixed the circular plate w, which is roughed
on the surface. x is a circular disc of leather, having a cork affixed thereto,
which enters into the mouth of the decanter, as shewn by dotted lines. is
ม
a plate or socket affixed to the holder s, having a set screw y passing through
it, by which the decanter is affixed and securely held to the position required.
is a screw by which the surface (to be cut, ground, smoothed, or polished)
is regulated. It passes through the socket or plate y, and enters into a
plate A, which has holes cut or drilled to receive it, one to each surface it
is intended to cut on the decanter, and on one side of this plate is affixed a
piece of leather, which, being pressed into the cut part of the bottom of the
decanter, will hold it sufficiently tight when being turned to change the surface
to be operated on. B, are projecting arms, one to each cradle t of the holders
S. These arms are placed on the spindles n, and they have straps u, which
press on the upper surface of the decanters to hold them down in the cradles t,
the arms B being pressed on by the screw nut C, which screws on the spindles
n, there being screws cut thereon for that purpose. A decanter being placed
in the holder having a cork as above described, the screw y is to be tightened,
by which the two leather surfaces will be pressed tightly against the decanter,
the one at the neck or mouth, and the other at the bottom. By this means
the leather surfaces will also be pressed one into the rough surface of the
plate w, and the other into the cut part of the bottom of the decanter, the
object of which is, that the decanter being once fixed between these leather
surfaces it will be held from slipping when in the act of setting for the suc
ceeding surfaces; and all that will be necessary for such adjustment or setting
is, when a surface has been acted on, and a fresh one desired to be brought
into position, the set screw y being unscrewed, as also the screw, which
will allow of the decanter being turned by hand on the spindle w sufficient
distance to bring the next hole in the plate A opposite the screw, which is
to be screwed up, and then the set screw y, by which the decanter will be
again held. It should, however, be observed that the nut C must be first
unscrewed in order to relieve the pressure of the arms B, before turning the

page_text: 5
decanters in the holders, and the nut will be again screwed up when the nex
surface has been adjusted. It is desirable that the straps of the arms ]
should be lined with leather, in order to prevent their injuring the sharpnes
of the angles.
Having thus described the construction and arrangement of the variou
parts, I will proceed to describe the manner of action, and in doing so I wil
suppose that it is desired to cut or grind eighteen decanters into the form
shown in the Drawing, that is, having ten plain surfaces cut or ground
thereon. For this purpose I place six decauters into each of the frames s
where they will be securely held, as above described, and adjust the screws q, q
and thus prevent the decanters being ground beyond the quantity required.
For the first or rough grinding or cutting the surface g is of cast iron
accurately turned on the upper or grinding surface, motion being commu-
nicated to the table or grinding surface g in the direction of the arrow.
motion will at the same time be communicated to the spindles n, n, and the
Such
frames s in the direction of their respective arrows, by the wheel h taking into
and driving the wheels affixed on to the spindles n. Thus it will be seen that
rotatory motion is communicated both to the spindles n and to the table or
grinding surface g, and it consequently follows that by this means the table or
grinding surface will always bo worn equally on the face by the decanters
which are being ground on the surface; and this is a most essential property of
my Invention, and depends on the double rotary motion, by which the surface
being ground and the grinding surface are constantly varying their relative
positions, and the grinding is thereby diffused equally over the whole surface.
At the time of cutting or grinding a quantity of sand and water is permitted
to flow on to the grinding surface g in like manner to using the ordinary mills
or wheels for cutting or grinding the glass. When the first surface of each of
holders is to be lifted by its
he decanters is ground or cut the frame or
ever o, and a wedge placed under the screw 9, which will retain the decanters
ufficiently above the grinding surface g not to be acted on by it. The surface
rst ground on each decanter is then turned to the top in such manner that
he middle of the three wedges vis to be placed thereon, and when the
urface at the opposite side of the decanters has been ground or cut the surface
rst formed is to be placed under either of the outer wedges, and a third
rface will be formed next to the second surface. The first surface cut is next
be placed under the third wedge, and a fourth surface will be cut on the
her side of the second cut surface, and thus there will be three surfaces cut
the opposite sido to that which first was operated on.
These are to be.

page_text: again turned to the upper side, and to serve as guides for cutting the succeed-
ing surfaces till the desired number is complete.
Having described the first machine, I will now describe the second machine,
which is also intended to cut, grind, or polish decanters and other vessels
of glass.
Figure 10 is an elevation, and Figure 11 a plan, of a machine intended to
cut, grind, or polish glass decanters or other vessels made of glass, a, a, being
the framing of the machine, and 6 the main or driving shaft, having suitable
bearings at c, c, affixed to the framing a, a, of the machine. The construction
of the framing a, a, will be evident on inspecting these Figures. On to the
main shaft is aflixed the cutting or grinding surface g, the face of which, it
will be seen, is angular, in order to accommodate more readily the holding of
the decanters or other glass vessels in contract with such surface 9 when it is
revolving. On the main shaft b is affixed the bevilled tooth pinion d, which
takes into and drives the bevilled toothed wheel c on the shaft or axle f, the
shaft or axle f turning in suitable bearings h, which are supported by the
upper part of the framing of the machine. i is a toothed pinion (shown by
dotted lines in Figure 10) affixed on the shaft or axis f, and it takes into and
drives the toothed wheel j affixed on the shaft or axis k, which turns in bear-
ings affixed to the framing a of the machine, as clearly shown in the Drawing.
On to the shaft or axis k is affixed the circular disc l, which, having a slit cut
therein, may be affixed to the shaft k to the required degree from the centre
of that shaft, and thus move excentrically. m is a strap on the excentric,
connected to the rod n by a screw o, by which the length of that rod is
adjusted, there being nuts for that purpose, as shown in the Drawing. p is a
circular plate, which is capable of moving up and down on the main shaft,
whilst that shaft is capable of revolving without turning the plate p.
The rod n is connected to the plate p, such connection allowing of motion
to the rod n, in order that it may accommodate itself to the motion of
the excentric, and it should be remarked that the rod n is sufficiently bent
or cranked in order to be clear of the pinion d. Thus it will be evident
that motion being communicated to the drum to be affixed on the main
shaft b, the grinding surface g will revolve and cut the decanters or other glass
vessels which are in contact with it, and at the same time the plate p will be
constantly rising and falling by the excentric and the connecting rod n, the
object of which will be fully described hereafter. s, t, are levers, which in the
present machine constitute the holders of the decanters and other glass vessels.
It will be seen that in Figures 10 and 11 I have shown one decanter and one

page_text: cumivier or drinking glass, merely to show that various shaped vessels may b
cut, ground, or polished, merely requiring that the manner of fixing the same
in the holders should be accommodated thereto. Each of the levers s, t, bave a
fulcrum at r, on the uprights affixed on the plate p, consequently the rising
5 and falling of the plate p will raise and fall the surfaces which are being
operated on, up and down, but in contact with the inclined surface g, and by
this means that surface will be worn equally and at all times after a suitable
surface. The lever holder s, t, it will be seen, consists of an open frame to
receive the decanter or other glass vessel, the inner edges of this frame being
bevelled in order that the vessel may lie securely yet not slip through. u is a
metal strap lined with leather, opening on a hinge, and is keyed to the other
side of the frame, as shown in the Drawing. This is for fixing the decanter
in the cradle part of the holder t, the tumbler or drinking glass being fixed
similarly to the decanter in Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, that is, by a plug or cork
and screws, which I have marked with similar letters of reference as in those
Figures, and the description before given will apply in the present instance,
excepting that the cork or plug fits easily in the glass, and is intended to pass
press principally on the bottom of the glass, on the inside.
rods connected with the lever holders s, t;
slits or mortices cut in the projection
sufficient space in the length of the slits to allow of play, whilst the sides of
he slits or mortices act as guides to the rods q, and prevent them being drawn
ideways by the action of the surface g on the vessels contained in the holders.
v, w, are set screws passing through the projections v, and thus is regulated
nd adjusted the quantity of cut to be given to the decanters or other glass
essels, for on the levers s, t, coming on to the ends of the screws w, and
ecoming supported thereby, the grinding or cutting action of the surface will
e complete.
these weighted rods q pass through
9, 9, are weighted
of the framing a, there being a
I will now describe the third machine for cutting, grinding, or polishing
series of decanters or other glass vessels on the periphery of a grinding
heel or mill. The fixing of the decanters in this case is similar to that
scribed in Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, and the holders like those described in
gures 10 and 11, it will not therefore be necessary to again enter into a
tailed account of them, but only to show they are in the present instance
ught to act simultaneously with respect to the grinding surface g of the
1. Figure 12 is a side view in elevation, and Figure 18 is a front view
a machine constructed according to my Invention, a, a, being the framing,
construction of which will be evident on inspecting the Drawing. b is
main shaft which carries the mill, it being keyed thereon, and receives

page_text: motion by the pulley or drum affixed on this shaft b, which turns in bearings c, c,
as shewn in these Figures. The main shaft is caused to move backwards
and forwards in the way of its length, and with it the mill will be moved to
and fro, and thus be worn even on the surface g, as will be fully described
in the next machine; but I have not thought it necessary to draw these parts
attached to this machine, in order to prevent complexity, the decanters, in
this instance, being stationary in respect to longitudinal motion, but capable
of being moved up and down in order to offer the desired surfaces to be cut
or ground into the Figure desired, as will be fully described hereafter.
p, p, and g, g, are a series of right and left handed screws, which have necks
turned at each end in order that they may be turned in suitable bearings r,
on the framing a of the machine. On each of these screws is affixed a
bevelled toothed wheel s, which it will be seen take into cach other, so that
when motion is communicated to either one of them a like motion is com-
municated to its next, and so on. There are two screws to each holder, one
acting on each end. u, u, are screw nuts, which slide up and down between
the guides v, v, and the holders are connected to these nuts u, u, by hinge joints,
by which the holders s, t, (similar to Figures 10 and 11), can rise up and down,
cach acting upon its hinge joint as a fulcrum. w, w, are screw nuts on the
opposite side of the machine, and slide between the guide rods v, v. These
nuts w have each two mortices cut in them for the passage of the ends of
lever holders s, t, which are forked, as shewn at x, x; by this means they are
enabled to slde through the nuts when approaching to or passing by the
straight line, and parallel to the main shaft. 3, y, are two cranked handles,
which are affixed on two opposite screws, working the same holder; and thus
it will be evident that when each of the holders contains a decanter or other
glass vessel, whatever be the position to which the one is brought which is
acted on directly by the handles y, the others will, in consequence of the left
and right handed screws, assume a like position with reference to the cutting,
grinding, or polishing surface g, and thus it will be evident that a man working
these handles, and observing care in bringing the decanter or other glass
vessel, which is directly acted on by the handles y, he may make it take any
desired position, and the other decanters will simultaneously assume a like
position, and be cut, ground, or polished in a similar manner, and to the same
figure as that which is under the immediate observation of the workman, and
directed by his moving the handles Y.
I will now proceed to describe the fourth machine, which is also intended
for grinding on the periphery of the mill, but in this instance three mills are
shown, each grinding or cutting one decanter or other glass vessel, the mills

page_text: motion to and fro in addition to their rotary motion, for the purpo
of wearing the same equally. The screw d is placed upon the shaft b, whi
is capable of sliding, but turns with the shaft b; this screw d takes into a
drives the wheel e, which is affixed on the axis or shaft f, which turus
5 bearings, as shewn at h, and on this shaft is affixed the wheel i, which take
into and drives the toothed wheel j, which is affixed on the shaft or axis &, th
shaft turning in suitable bearings, as shown in the Drawing at l. On to th
axis is affixed the circular disc m, having a slit or mortice, and thus i
capable of being affixed to any desired degree of excentricity with reference t
0 the centre of the shaft k. n is a strap on the excentric m, and o is a con
necting rod affixed to the shaft b by a hinge joint; thus it will be evident tha
on motion being communicated to the main shaft b by a shaft on the pulley or
drum affixed on that shaft, the motion will be communicated by the screw d to
the series of wheel work, which, giving motion to the excentric, will draw the
shaft 6 backwards and forwards a length, depending on the excentricity of the
disc m with reference to the centre of the shaft k, and by this means the mill
will be moved to and fro, aud thus be worn even on the surface g.
Figure 14 is a front view, Figure 15 is a side view (both in elevation),
of a machine constructed according to my Invention, and Figure 16 is a plan
thereof, a, a, being the framing of the machine, 6 the main shaft having threo
mills or surfaces g, the main shaft receiving motion from a strap acting on the
pulley or drum affixed thereon. The holders of the decanters or other glass ves-
sels are in this case similar to those shown in Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, but in
this instance they are fixed on a quadrangular frame A, which turns on axes or
pivots B, in suitable bearings B, which are fixed on the quadrangular frame C,
which may
be called the sliding frame, as it is by this framing being moved to
nd fro that brings the decanters or other glass vessels to be ground, cut, or
olished. D are ears affixed to the sliding frame C, having eyes or openings
brough which pass the guide rods E, which are affixed in the quadrangular
ame F, which is at all times fixed when the machine is at work, but is
apable of adjustment by means of the holes G, G, in the framing of the
achinery and the screws II, II. The cross framings J, J, may be raised or
wered and affixed to the framing a of the machine, and the screws H, II,
ss through these cross framing J, J, and by their nuts may be raised or
vered; the screws being affixed to the under side of the quadrangular framing,
ey become supports thereto, and at the same time adjust its position. It
be seen that the frame A being moveable on the axes B, that the part of
holders which support the necks or mouths of the decanters may be raised

page_text: or lowered in order to accommodate the position of the decanter to the figure
into which it is desired to be cut. I, I, are two projecting studs affixed on the
framing A, for the purpose of raising or lowering the necks of the decanters.
These studs I, I, work in grooves or slits cut in the plates K, which plates
are affixed one on each side of the frame F, and according as the direc-
tion of these grooves or slits (which correspond with each other) with
reference to the position of the guide bars, and their relative position
with respect to the grinding surface g, so will be the nature of grooves,
and thus each decanter will be readily cut or ground with surfaces
proceeding from the neck to the bottom of the decanter into the curved
desired, as shown by the Drawing; but as decanters and other vessels vary
much in their figures no positive rule can be given for obtaining the necessary
direction or form to the curves or slits, at the same time they will be readily
obtained by placing a decanter or other glass vessel (already prepared to
the figure) as a model in the machine, and causing the studs or projections I, I,
to mark the line of the slits or grooves, which grooves in reality when formed
are what may be called railways, and this marking out the railways may be
soon obtained by turning the machine slowly, and grinding the decanter or
other vessel by hand. The projecting studs I may be made to mark the line
through which they pass, and these being cut in the plates K, will then form
suitable railways for guiding. the studs I for any number of vessels of a like
figure. L is a shaft or axis, having bearings affixed to the framing a at M, as
shown in the Drawing. Ou to this shaft L is affixed the wheel N, which has
a weighted cord O around it. P is a toothed wheel affixed on the shaft or
axes L, which takes into and actuates the toothed rack Q, which is affixed to
the sliding frame C, consequently the weighted cord on the wheel N has at all
times a tendency to draw the decanter towards it, but as the mills revolve in
an opposite direction the decanters are not admitted to pass till the surface is
ground or cut off. Having placed three decanters in the holders, and the
machine properly adjusted, motion being communicated to the main shaft will
produce a rotatory motion to the mills in the direction of the arrow, and at the
same time the mills will move to and fro as above described. The weighted
cord is shown as wound on to the wheel n, and the decanters approach the
mills, commencing at the bottom ends thereof, and as tho surfaces are cut off
the decanters will be drawn forward to the mills till they have been cut to
the point in the neck desired. The machine is then to be stopped, and the
weighted cord wound up on the wheel a, which will return the decanters to
the starting position, when fresh surfaces are to be adjusted by turning the

page_text: norders, and again affixing them therein.
Motion is agai
to be communicated to the machine, and the next surfaces will be cut, an
such is to be the case till the decanters are complete.
Figure 17 represents a part of a main shaft, having three mills thereon for
5 the purpose of cutting grooves or projecting surfaces, and these are suitable
for the machine last described, but they are only here shown for the purpose
of stating that grooves and projections may be so formed in this machine; but
I do not claim this manner of producing grooves or projecting surfaces, my
Invention, so far as this machine is concerned, relating only to the manner of
O holding the decanters or other glass vessels and guiding them to the mills.
It should here be remarked that in using these grooving mills in this machine,
the to and fro motion to the main shaft must be disconnected.
In the description thus far I have spoken of the grinding or cutting
surface 9 in general terms, in order to prevent complexity of description, but in
order to the perfect understanding of the action of my Invention, it will now
be desirable to point out more particularly the nature of the material of which
this surface g is composed, and also of the various materials used in the
different parts of the process through which a decanter or other glass vessel
has to pass previously to being complete for the market, that is to say, for the
cutting or grinding, smoothing and polishing, similar to those processes when
conducted by hand. When either of the machines is intended for what is
called grinding or cutting the surface g is of cast iron, similar to the ordinary
nills, and a constant supply of sand and water is kept to the surface.
ither of the machines is intended for the process called smoothing, in that
When
ase the surface g is composed of stone similar to those used in smoothing
ccanters or other glass vessels by hand, there being a constant supply of
ater to the surface g. When either of the machines is intended for polish-
g, then the surfaco g is to be of the wood of the willow, as is the case in
lishing by hand, and a supply of pummice stone and rotten stone, with
ater, is to be kept thereto; and for the final process of polishing putty is to
supplied. In all these particulars as to the materials used my Invention
es not vary from the usual practice.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
combining the various parts, I would remark that I have thought
desirable to confine my description principally to decanters, but it will
evident that not only tumblers or drinking glasses, such as I have given
instance of in the Drawing, may be held and cut by my Invention, but
reat variety of other glass vessels may be cut, ground, smoothed, and
shed by these machines, a slight variation in the manner of fixing them in

page_text: the holders being all that is necessary, and this will readily be arranged by a
mechanic capable of making the other parts of the machine.
It will be evident that such vessels, varying as they do in shape and dimen-
sions, not only as regards one another, called by different names, but also in
articles having the same name, no further description will be necessary, as a
slight variation from some one or other of the means above described for
fixing them in the holders will be applicable to other forms of glass vessels
than those above described. It will be desirable here to state that I am aware
that the surfaces 9 are in most respects similar to those in ordinary use for
grinding, cutting, smoothing, and polishing glass decanters and other vessels
made of glass; I would therefore have it understood that I lay no claim to
them, nor do I claim any of the parts in their separate condition, nor in com-
bination, other than for the purposes and in the manner hereafter more par-
ticularly pointed out and distinctly claimed. I would remark that it will be
evident that although I have shown and described each machine as capable of
grinding a certain number of vessels, machines may be constructed to cut,
grind, smooth, and polish other numbers of glass vessels at one time,
depending on the number of holders. And I hereby declare what I claim as
my Invention are,—
First, the combining the revolving spindles n, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
and 9, with the holders s, t, for holding a series of decanters or other glass
vessels when used with a surface g, for the purpose of cutting, grinding,
smoothing, and polishing, and thus ornamenting glass decanters and other
glass vessels, as above described.
Secondly, I claim the lever holders s, t, Figures 10 and 11, actuated by an
excentric or other mechanical movement, to cause the decanters or other glass
vessels to reciprocate on the surface g, and thus tend to keep the face thereof
even when the same are combined for cutting, grinding, smoothing, or
polishing glass decanters or other glass vessels, as above described.
Thirdly, I claim the combining the series of screws p, p, and q, q, Figures
12 and 13, with a series of holders, containing glass decanters or other glass
vessels, and thereby bringing them simultaneously to the surface g, for the
purpose of cutting, grinding, smoothing, and polishing the same, as above
described.
Fourthly, I claim the combining of the sliding frame A, Figures 14, 15, and
16, with a series of holders s, t, for containing glass decanters and other glass
vessels, such sliding frame with the holders working on railways or guides for
causing the glass decanters or other glass vessels to assume the position
required, with reference to the surface 7 when the same are combined for the

page_text: Inrolled the Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-five.