IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE PLOUGHS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Reginald Wigram, of Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE
PLOUGHS."
Scaled the 6th July 1869, and dated the 8th January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Reginald Wigram.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th January 1869.
I, REGINALD WIGRAM, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN HORES PLOUGHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the plough
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to Thomas Pirie,
on the 16th July 1867 (No. 2088); in this plough the land side and
slade are entirely dispensed with and the thrust caused by lifting
and turning the furrows is taken upon wheels running at a suitable
angle.

page_text: The Invention relates, firstly, to simplifying the construction of the
framing of the plough whilst still retaining the capability of moving
the ploughs towards or away from one another to adjust the width
of the furrow. For this purpose in place of making each plough
capable of sliding to and fro upon two bars fixed transversely across 5
the frame as heretofore, I arrange all the ploughs so that they may
be shifted to and fro on one bar which passes across the frame at
an angle and be connected to it at different points along its length,
so that the ploughs not only come one behind the other but also
can be set nearer to or further from one another by varying the 1
points at which they are connected to the bar. By this means the
plough may be made at much less cost than heretofore.
Another improvement consists in making the wheel upon which the
land side of the plough is supported a castor wheel in place of a wheel
simply turning upon a pin or axle as has heretofore been the case 1
in this description of plough. By this means greatly increased facilities
are afforded for turning the plough when at lands end,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Reginald Wigram in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th July 1869,
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, REGINALD
WIGRAM, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, hearing date the Eighth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Reginald Wigram, Her special licence
that I, the said Reginald Wigram, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Reginald Wigram, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agroe with, and no others
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
1-lands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE
P'LoJons," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Reginald

page_text: Wigram, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filled
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent,
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Reginald Wigram, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the plough
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to Thomas Pirie,
on the 16th July 1867, No. 2088; in this plough the land silo and
slade are entirely dispensed with, and the thrust caused by lifting
and turning the furrows is taken upon wheels running at a suitable
nugle.
The Invention relates, firstly, to simplifying the construction of the
framing of the plough whilst still retaining the capability of moving
the ploughs towards or away from one another to adjust the width
of the furrow. For this purpose in place of making each plough
capable of sliding to and fro upon two bars fixed transversely across
the frame as heretofore, I arrange all the ploughs so that they may
be shifted to and fro on one bar which passes across the frame at
an angle and be connected to it at different points along its length,
so that the ploughs not only como one behind the other but also
can be set nearer to or further from one another by varying the points
at which they are connected to the bar, By this means the plough
may be made at much less cost than heretofore,
.
Figure 1 shews a side view, and Figure 2 a plan view of a two
furrow plough constructed in the manner I prefer for carrying out
this part of my Invention, the framing of the plough is formed of
wrought iron as shewn by the Drawings.
a is the bar of the plough frame to which the ploughs are attached,
this bar is of H iron and it is connected by rivets as shewn to the
other parts of the frame which are simply strips of wrought iron bar.
The general construction of the framing is clearly shown by the
Drawing, so that it is unnecessary to give any description of it. Each
of the ploughs is formed so that it can be connected by bolts d, d,

page_text: to the bar a. Holes are formed at intervals in the bar a for the bolts d
to be passed through, so that the ploughs can be attached to it at
any desired distance from one another, thus varying the width of
furrow.
What I claim as regards this part of my Invention is constructing
the frames of ploughs such as are described in the Specification of
the Patent before mentioned substantially as herein described, that
is to say, with a bar for the ploughs to be fixed to set at an angle to
the line of draft.
Another improvement in the plough described in the before-mentioned
Specification consists in making the wheel upon which the land side
of the plough is supported a castor wheel in place of a wheel simply
turning upon a pin or axle as has heretofore been the case in this
description of plough. By this means greatly increased facilities are
afforded for turning the plough when at lands end. The way in which
I prefer to form the castor wheel is shewn at Figures 3 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Reginald Wigram, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.