IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR FEEDING BOILERS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR FEEDING BOILERS."-A commu-
nication from abroad by William Sellers and Coleman Sellers, both
of the City and County of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,
United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th July 1873.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR FEEDING BOILERS," a
communication to me from abroad by William Sellers and Coleman
Sellers, both of the City and County of Philadelphia, State of Penn-
sylvania, United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to self-adjusting injectors.

page_text: The construction of the Giffard injector has been from time to time
improved from the date of its introduction into public use. It has
always been provided with three separate nozzles or tubes, designated in
the technology of the instrument as the receiving, the combining, and
the delivery tubes, the combining tube always being interposed between
the other two, and in some of the earliest improved constructions pro-
vision was made for a limited adjustment between all of these nozzles.
Self-adjusting injectors have been constructed by my foreign corre-
spondents wherein the combining and delivery tubes were attached to
each other, and the regulation of the water was effected by moving
these tubes towards and from the steam discharging nozzle, or, as it
is technically termed, the receiving tube. In the instrument as first
constructed by him the combining and delivery tubes moved through
stuffing boxes of equal diameter, the boiler pressure being exerted
between them, so that this pressure could have no influence tending to
move these tubes in the direction of the axis. In a subsequent
improvement made by him the exterior diameter of the delivery tube
was made as small as possible, and the boiler pressure was exerted upon
so much of the end of this tube as was exposed to it outside of the
jet; this amount was so small as to exert no appreciable influence upon
the self-regulating quality of the instrument, whilst its delicacy of
adjustment was materially increased by dispensing entirely with the
stuffing boxes used in the first instrument.
In all the self-adjusting injectors constructed by my said corre-
spondents the adjustment has been effected by exposing the fluid jet
between the combining and delivery tubes to the contents of the closed
overflow chamber, through which the jet passes on its way to the
boiler, and in all these instruments previous to this Invention the
distance between these tubes has been fixed by their construction.
My said correspondents have now discovered that the distance
between these tubes may be greatly varied, and that the length of the
jet exposed to the contents of the overflow chamber may be corre-
spondingly varied without impairing its efficiency to enter the boiler
or to regulate the water supply, and they believe this capacity of the
jet was never before known until they discovered it. This discovery
enables them to separate the combining and delivery tubes, as they
were in the original Giffard injector, to fix the delivery tube in the

page_text: casing, and to effect the regulation of the water by the movement of
the combining tube alone, by this arrangement obviating entirely the
wear between the movable delivery tube and its bushing, and this
constitutes the first part of the present Invention.
In all self-adjusting injectors previous to this Invention the waste
of water required to start the instrument as a boiler feeder has been
provided for by an orifice between the delivery tube and the boiler,
and means were provided for making this waste automatic, and the
escape valve in some instances was always exposed to the boiler
pressure when closed. Any deposit upon the valve face would cause
a serious waste of water under such a pressure, and consequently its
use was only satisfactory when the instrument was supplied with pure
water.
My said correspondents have now discovered that by passing the
jet through an orifice of suitable size in a diaphragm between the
combining and delivery tubes the waste at starting may take place in
the overflow chamber itself through a moderately weighted check valve,
which will close automatically when the jet has acquired sufficient
velocity to enter the boiler, and this constitutes the second part of the
present Invention.
The third part of this Invention consists in so constructing the
combining and delivery tubes of injectors that the smaller end of these
tubes may be substituted for others of different diameters, the object of
this part of the Invention being to increase the range of the instrument,
that is to say, to increase the difference between the maximum and
minimum quantity of water each instrument can deliver into the boiler
from which the operating steam is derived.
The combining tube of the injector may be constructed with a
movable combining adjutage containing two or more tubes of different
transverse areas. Or the delivery tube of the injector may be con-
structed with a movable delivery adjutage containing two or more
tubes of different transverse areas.
The movable combining adjutage may also be constructed of a
wedge form, so that the lengths of the tubes in it may be increased as
their transverse area is decreased. The movable combining adjutage
of the delivery tube are so combined as that both are caused to rotato
simultaneously.

page_text: The movable delivery adjutage is combined with mechanism for
moving the same, and for locking it in the position to which it is
moved. It is also combined with stops, which prevent it from being
moved in the wrong
direction.
The steam plug is combined with mechanism for regulating the
extent to which it can be operated, and the movable combining
adjutage and the movable combining tube are also so combined
together that the two shall be held in contact when the combining
tube is moved to regulate the water supply.
The improved injector will thus combine in one instrument a steam
plug, a combining tube, and a movable combining adjutage, with
mechanism for moving and locking the combining adjutage and for
regulating the movement of the steam plug.
The fourth part of this Invention relates to that class of these
instruments which are technically designated as adjustablo nozzle
injectors, and consists in certain novel combinations of a fixed receiving
tube, a movable combining tube, a fixed delivery tube, a continuous
casing including these parts and mechanism for moving the combining
tube within the enclosing casing, it being the object of this part of the
Invention to simplify the construction and perfect the arrangement of
parts in this class of injectors.
In carrying out this part of the Invention a fixed receiving tube
may be combined with a fixed delivery tube, and intermediate movable
combining tube, a continuous casing, and adjusting mechanism con-
nected with and moving the combining tube only; also a fixed
receiving tube may be combined with a movable combining tube, a
continuous casing, and revolving adjusting mechanism for moving
the combining tube when the axis of the adjusting mechanism is
perpendicular to the axis of the combining tube; also a fixed delivery
tube may be combined with a movable combining tube, an inter-
mediate overflow chamber, adjusting mechanism for moving the
combining tube, and a check valve to prevent the admission of air
to the overflow chamber.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th January 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of..
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special
license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the..
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
INJECTORS FOR FEEDING BOILERS," a communication to me from abroad by
William Sellers and Coleman Sellers, both of the City and County of
Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Henry Johnson,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say:-
The said Invention relates, first, to self-adjusting injectors.

page_text: It has
improved from the date of its introduction into public use.
always been provided with three separate nozzles or tubes designated
in the technology of the instrument as the receiving, the combining,
and the delivery tubes, the combining tube always being interposed
between the other two, and in some of the earliest improved construc-
tions provision was made for a limited adjustment between all of these
nozzles.
Self-adjusting injectors have been constructed wherein the combining
and delivery tubes were attached to each other and the regulation of the
water was effected by moving these tubes towards and from the steam
discharging nozzle or, as it is technically termed, the receiving tube.
In one instrument the combining and delivery tubes moved through
stuffing boxes of equal diameter, the boiler pressure being exerted
between them, so that this pressure could have no influence tending to
move these tubes in the direction of their axis. In a subsequent
improvement the exterior diameter of the delivery tube was made as
small as possible, and the boiler pressure was exerted upon so much of
the end of this tube as was exposed to it outside of the jet; this amount
was so small as to exert no appreciable influence upon the self-
regulating quality of the instrument, whilst its delicacy of adjustment
was materially increased by dispensing entirely with the stuffing boxes
used in the first instrument. This latter was rendered possible by the
small amount of boiler pressure which avoided all necessity for balancing
it, so that one stuffing box was dispensed with on this account and the
reflux of water to the overflow chamber was guarded against by pressing
the delivery tube through a long bushing which served as a water packing
(in place of the other stuffing box), thus creating much less friction than
the stuffing box first used. It has been found however in practice that
with gritty water this bushing is liable to wear under the constant
movement of the delivery tube as it adjusts itself to the variations in
the pressure of steam, and in time this wear becomes sufficient to allow
enough water to pass into the overflow chamber to prevent the operation
of the instrument.
In all these self-adjusting injectors the adjustment has been effected
by exposing the fluid jet between the combining and delivery tubes to

page_text: this Invention the distance between these tubes has been fixed by their
construction.
It has now been discovered that the distance between these tubes may
be greatly varied, and that the length of the jet exposed to the contents
of the overflow chamber may be correspondingly varied without
'impairing its efficiency to enter the boiler or to regulate the water
supply and it is believed this capacity of the jet was never before known.
until discovered by the present Inventors. This discovery enables the
combining and delivery tubes to be separated as they were in the
original Giffard injector, the delivery tube to be fixed in the casing, and
the regulation of the water to be effected by the movement of the
combining tube alone, by this arrangement obviating entirely the
wear previously described between the movable delivery tube and its
bushing, and this constitutes the first part of the present Invention.
In all self-adjusting injectors previous to this Invention the waste of
water required to start the instrument as a boiler feeder has been.
provided for by an orifice between the delivery tube and the boiler..
Means were also provided for making this waste automatic, and the
escape valve in some instances was always exposed to the boiler pressure
when closed. Any deposit upon the valve face would cause a serious
waste of water under such a pressure and consequently its use was only
satisfactory when the instrument was supplied with pure water.
The present Inventors have now discovered that by passing the jet
through an orifice of suitable size in a diaphragm between the combining
and delivery tubes, the waste at starting may take place in the overflow
chamber itself through a moderately weighted check valve which will
close automatically when the jet has acquired sufficient velocity to
enter the boiler, and this constitutes the second part of the present
Invention.
In order more fully to describe the first and second heads of the
present Invention I will now refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3, of the
Drawings annexed which represent an injector embodying the said
improvements made in this instrument.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of the injector in which A
is the outer shell or casing of the instrument made up of parts put
together. so as to form a continuous closed casing; Figure 2 is a
horizontal section through the bushing E on the line a, b, and. Figure 3

page_text: is a horizontal section through the same bushing on the line d, c, the
central dark area representing the diameter of the jet in both cases.
For this Specification I may designate the particular features of the
casing A in addition to its being continuous as consisting of the water
chamber across which the receiving tube extends; the combining tube
chamber or that part in which the piston of the combining tube
moves and the overflow chamber in which the delivery tube is located,
the limits of these three chambers being varied but always defined
by the position of the combining tube, and these chambers are at the
same time so connected with each other that there can be no waste of
water around the combining tube, as it moves in its chamber any water.
escaping around the combining tube from the water chamber into the
overflow chamber, being conducted from thence by the jet into the
delivery tube and boiler, and any water escaping from the overflow
chamber into the water chamber being conducted into the combining
tube to form the jet which passes into the delivery tube, and from thence
to the boiler.
The receiving tube B and the delivery tube O are of the usual con-
struction for fixed nozzle injectors, and are respectively fixed in their
usual relative positions near the opposite extremities of the casing, as
shown, the receiving tube B extending by preference not only across the
water chamber but into the adjacent end of the combining tube, a
distance at least equal to the range of movement of the combining tube,
in order that whatever distance towards the delivery tube the combining
tube may move the end of the receiving tube will still continue within
the combining tube. Between the receiving tube B and the delivery
tube C, when the casing is of cast iron, the casing A is bushed, and in
this bushing there is fitted the piston or receiving end of the combining
tube D, so that this piston will move freely endwise towards and from
the receiving tube B. The other end of the combining tube D is fitted
to slide freely in a bushing E, supported in the casing, as will be
herein-after more fully described, the piston and bushing E serving to
maintain the combining tube D in the same axial direction, whilst
leaving it free to move endwise towards and from the receiving
tube B.
1
T T

page_text: be opened by a pressure of two pounds per square inch within the over-
flow chamber. Steam is admitted to the instrument, and regulated by
a steam plug, and the movement of the combining tube toward the
receiving tube is limited, but in place of the steam escaping from the
injector between the delivery tube and boiler it will escape from the
check valve G on the nozzle F. Before this can take place the pressure
of steam within the closed overflow chamber will drive the combining
tube D toward the receiving tube B to its limit of motion, the jet
continuing in operation will produce a vacuum in the water chamber,
and if properly connected to a water supply the water will flow to the
steam jet and condense it, and escape continuously from the check
valve G.
The passage of the water jet through the overflow chamber, which in
the first instance is filled with steam, will condense the steam, and if its
place is not supplied with water a vacuum in this chamber must result,
which would cause the combining tube D to move toward the delivery
tube C, but as the check valve G is loaded (through which the contents
of the jet escapes from the instrument) it is evident this effect cannot
be produced unless some provision is made to prevent the water from
filling the overflow chamber and maintaining the combining tube D at
the limit of its motion towards the receiving tube B. This provision is
shewn in Figure 3, which represents the jet passing through an orifice
in a narrow diaphragm, the diameter of the orifice in this instance being
about double the diameter of the jet, and this diaphragm with the jet
serves to divide the overflow chamber into two parts, in which different
pressures may be maintained. That part next the delivery tube in
starting the instrument will have a pressure within it sufficient to raise
the check valve G, and permit the escape of the surplus water, whilst
that part towards the receiving tube B will have a vacuum within it
from the action of the jet, as previously described. This vacuum will
cause the combining tube to move towards the delivery tube, and admit
more water to the steam jet, this process continuing until the jet has
acquired sufficient velocity to enter the boiler, when the action of the jet
passing through the lower part of the chamber will produce a vacuum
in it. The check valve G will then close, and so remain as long as the
jet is in operation.
Should any variation occur in the pressure of steam, or the supply to

page_text: variation should take place in the water supply. This will be effected
through the operation of the jet within the closed overflow chambers;
thus, if the steam supply should be increased, the velocity of the jet will
be increased, and the delivery tube C will be enabled thereby to discharge
a larger quantity, if a larger quantity were supplied to it; this it will
take in the first instance from the closed overflow chamber, but in so
doing will create a vacuum in this chamber, which will cause the
combining tube to move towards the delivery tube, thereby increasing
the opening between the receiving and combining tubes, and admitting
more water to the steam issuing from the receiving tube. This move-
ment will continue until the delivery tube is thus rendered incapable of
discharging more than is supplied to it. On the other hand, should the
supply of steam be decreased the velocity of the jet will be decreased,
and the delivery tube C will be incapable of discharging all the water
issuing from the combining tube. The surplus will escape into the
closed overflow chamber, producing pressures in this chamber which will
cause the combining tube to move towards the receiving tube, thereby
diminishing the opening between these two tubes and the supply of
water to the steam issuing from the receiving tube. This movement will
continue until the delivery tube will discharge all the water issuing from
the combining tube.
I have described the closed overflow chamber as divided into two parts
by the diaphragm and jet shewn in Figure 3, the orifice in the diaphragm
being about double the diameter of the jet. This orifice requires to be
larger than the jet in order that the alternate regulating action just
described may take effect upon the piston of the combining tube without
producing a pressure in the lower part of the overflow chamber capable
of raising the check valve G. By substituting a screw valve to be closed.
by hand for the check valve G the orifice in the diaphragm may be
diminished to the size of the jet, and the instrument will be self-
regulating when in operation, but the object of the second part of this.
Invention will not be attained.
By diminishing the orifice in the diaphragm to the size of the jet the
lower part of the overflow chamber may be left open, and the instru-
ment will adjust itself to varying boiler pressures, but the supply of
steam cannot be diminished by the regulating steam plug without wasting
at the nozzle F, that is to say, the instrument will then work perfectly
only at its maximum capacity.

page_text: If from any cause the jet should cease to enter the boiler it will escape
through the check valve G, as previously described. The bushing E is
screwed into a flange in the inside of the casing A. The openings,
around the guide which supports the small end of the combining tube.
shown in Figure 2 serve only to permit free communication between the
two portions of the overflow chamber, whilst support is given to the.
combining tube, the division between the two chambers being made by.
the diaphragm and jet, Figure 3, as previously described. It is not
necessary to the operation of this injector that the waste of water at
starting should take place from the overflow chamber, as described, or in
any other manner from this chamber.
I shall now proceed to describe the third head of this Invention, but
before doing so may observe that the injector for feeding boilers has
alwas heretofore been constructed with three separate nozzles or tubes,
designated in the technology of the instrument as the receiving, the
combining, and the delivery tubes, and the capacity of the instrument is
proportioned to the diameter of these tubes at their smallest part, and is
usually measured by the smallest diameter of the delivery tube.
The third part of this present Invention consists in so constructing
the combining and delivery tubes of injectors that the smaller end of
these tubes may be substituted for others of different diameters, the
object of this part of the Invention being to increase the range of the.
instrument, that is to say, to increase the difference between the
maximum and minimum quantity of water each instrument can deliver
into the boiler from which the operating steam is derived.
Figure 4 of the Drawings represents a side clevation of an injector,
embodying the third head of these our improvements; Figure 5 repre-
sents a vertical longitudinal section of the same.
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 represent views of parts of the instrument
detached from the remainder, and designated by the same letters as the
corresponding parts in the other Figures.
The various operating members of the injector thus represented are.
combined by means of the case A, which has at one end the port or.
coupling B, through which the water issues, and has at its other end the
stem D of the steam plug C, by which the supply of steam to the
combining tube is regulated. The said case has also two ports or.

page_text: couplings E, F, near its upper end, one of which E is connected with
the pipe supplying the water, and the other (F) with the pipes supplying
the steam. The interior of the case is divided into four principal parts,
which are the steam chamber G, the water chamber H, the overflow
chamber I, and the delivery chamber J. The steam entering the injector 5
by the port F is received into the steam chamber G, whence it can issue
through the receiving tube a, which delivers it into the combining
tube 6. The supply through the receiving tube is regulated by the
steam plug C, which is arranged to move longitudinally in the said tube,
and is of conical form, so that it progressively closes or opens the 10
passage for steam as it is moved inward or outward. .
The steam plug is made tubular, so that when it is pushed inward to
its furthest extent the passage through it will supply the smallest
quantity of steam that is required in the operation of the injector.
Steam is permitted to pass from the steam chamber G into the bore of 15
the steam plug through transverse passages e in the guide tube d of the
steam plug, and transverse passages e¹ in the steam plug, and it is
prevented from escaping through the guide tube by packing rings d³.
The water entering the injector by the port E is received into the
water chamber H, whence it passes into the combining tube 6, from 20
which it is ejected in a jet by the action of the jet of steam from the
steam chamber.
In order that the area of the jet of water may be varied so as to vary
to a great extent the quantity of water which the implement is capable
of delivering effectively, the combining tube is combined with a movable 25
combining adjutage K, containing several tubes of different areas, any
one of which tubes may be made to operate in connection with the
combining tube, by adjusting the moveable combining adjutage.
The movable combining adjutage may be made in various forms, and
may be constructed to slide or to turn, but the form which I prefer is 30
circular (as represented at Figure 8), and it is constructed to turn upon
a pivot f, which is connected with the combining tube, and is parallel
with the axis thereof. The adjutage in this instance has four tubes 81, 82,
83, 84, of different areas, the centres of all of which are at the same radial
distance from the axis of the combining tube, so that any one of said 35
tubes may be set to operate in connection. with the combining tube by

page_text: turning the combining adjutage upon its pivot. The jet of water
issuing from the combining tube is received into the delivery tube L'.
In order that the area of this tube may be varied when the combining
tube is varied, the movable delivery adjutage N is provided.
This adjutage may be made of various forms, and may be constructed
either to turn or to slide, but I prefer to make it of circular form with
wings or teeth, as seen at Figure 7, and to construct it to turn in the bore
of a cylindrical bearing c, which forms part (or is secured within) the
case A; concentric with the pivot f of the movable combining adjutage,
so that the two may be moved simultaneously and equally. The
concentricity of the movable combining adjutage and the movable
delivery adjutage is secured by means of the central guide g which
projects from the movable combining adjutage into the movable delivery
adjutage, which is bored to receive the guide, the wings i, i, in the
guide 9, Figure 9, sliding freely in corresponding grooves in the delivery
adjutage, thereby securing the combining and delivering adjutages in
their proper relative position, permitting the combining adjutage to
move to and from the delivery adjutage, but compelling them to rotate
simultaneously.
The movable delivery adjutage is perforated with four delivery
tubes,,,, which are respectively of the proper sizes to operate in
connection with the movable tubes 81, 82, 83, 84, of the combining
adjutage. Hence by turning the combining and delivery adjutages
simultaneously a larger or a smaller set of combining and delivery tubes
may be brought into the proper positions to operate. The two adjutages
are separated by a space / which operates as an overflow passage to
permit surplus water to pass into the overflow chamber I, and to permit
water from that chamber to pass to the jet according to circumstances.
The moving mechanism for moving the two adjutages is so constructed
in the present case as to both move the adjutages and lock them in the
various positions they should occupy for use, but the moving mechanism
may, if deemed expedient, be separated from the locking mechanism, or
if preferred, no locking mechanism may be employed. We prefer,
however, to construct the moving mechanism as follows:-The delivery
adjutage N is constructed with a cog segment k, which extends partially
around it, and terminates at each end in a large tooth or stop 7,
Figure 7. The teeth of this segment are of suitable size to engage with

page_text: those of a toothed segment m of a less number of teeth which is secured
to a shaft P, and this shaft projects through the case, and is fitted with
a crank handle Q, by which it may be turned. The number of teeth in
the smaller segment is sufficient to turn the adjutages a quarter of a
revolution, so that if the shaft P be turned a revolution or a portion of
one sufficient to cause all the teeth of the smaller segment to operate
in succession, the adjutages will be moved sufficiently to carry one set
of tubes out of operation, and to place another set in the proper positions
to operate in connection with the combining tube and the delivery tube.
The smaller segment m terminates at each end in a shoulder, as
represented in dotted lines at n, n, Figure 7, and a projection p is formed
in the space between the stops of the larger segment.
When the smallest or the largest tube is at the combining tube, one
of the sides of this projection, (as represented at Figure 7) is concentric
with the shaft P at the time the teeth of the smaller segment disengage
from those of the larger. Hence if at the time the largest tube is at the
combining tube the attempt be made to turn the adjutages further in
the direction of the arrow q, by turning the shaft P, one of the shoulders
of the smaller segment will come in contact with the inner side of the
adjacent stop, while the side of the projection p will bear against the
ends of the teeth of the smaller segment, and movement in the direction
of the arrow will be stopped. A similar stoppage takes place when the
adjutages have been turned three-quarters of a revolution in the direction
opposite to that indicated by the arrow q in Figure 7. The object of
this stop mechanism will be described hereafter.
In order that the adjutages may be locked in the four positions in
which they may be placed by the turning of the moving mechanism a
notched disk M is secured to the shaft P, and four large teeth t, t, t, t,
are formed upon the periphery of the delivery adjutage N. The flanks
of the outer ends of these teeth are curved concavely in correspondence
with the circle of the disk M, so that when the periphery of the disk M
intervenes between two teeth the disk locks the adjutages from moving.
The teeth t are so arranged relatively to the tubes ¹, ², ³, 4, 81, 82, 83, 81,
that such locking can take place only when a tube of each adjutage
corresponds with the combining tube and the delivery tube. The sides
of the teeth t within the above mentioned concave portions are hollowed
out, so that when the teeth of the smaller segment turn the larger
segment the jaws of the notch w of the notched disk can enter the spaces

page_text: between the teeth t. The teeth t also during turning can enter into the
notch w and the contact of the jaw of the notch with one side of the
tooh may aid in the turning.
By resaon of the construction above described the operator is enabled
to move the movable adjutages, and to lock them in any one of their
several positions with facility and with the certainty that when so locked
the implement will operate. Thus if the parts of the implement be in
the positions represented at Figure 7, and the shaft P be turned in the.
direction of the arrow u the adjutages will be turned until the teeth of
the smaller segment disengage with those of the larger segment, which
occurs when the adjutages have made a quarter of a revolution. Then
the further turning of the shaft P causes the periphery of the disk M to
intervene between the flanks of two of the teeth and locks the
adjutages until the smaller segment m is brought round again to engage
with the larger segment k.
As the teeth of the smaller segment can engage, with those of the
larger segment for only a small portion of the revolution of the shaft P,
while during the remainder of its revolution the adjutages are locked,
and as the disengagement of the segments takes place when the crank
handle Q is at the same position when the shaft is turned in the same
direction, the operator can always be sure (by noticing the position of the
handle) that the adjutages are in proper positions for operation.
The combining tube and the tubes in the movable combining adjutago
are tapering, and in order that the different sizes of tubes in the com-
bining adjutage may be adapted to the fixed size of the combining tube,
so that when in position an abrupt change of area in the passage to the
smaller tubes will not occur that side of the combining adjutage which
is nearest the combining tube is constructed in the form of a circular
wedge extending from the largest tube 8 round to the smallest 8, so
that the adjutage is thinnest at the position of the largest tube 8¹ and
thickest at the position of the smallest tube, the difference in thickness
at the different tubes enabling the bore of the smallest tube to be
gradually tapered to the size of the orifice of the combining tube, whilst
the end of the combining tube is inclined so as to fit the inclination of
the wedge and form a close joint at any position of the adjutage, and in
order that the movable combining adjutage may be always held in close
contact with the end of the combining tube during its endwise move.

page_text: ment (for the purpose of regulating the water supply), and that such
adjutage may be turned when it has the form of a circular wedge, the
pivot f upon which the movable combining adjutage turns is made in
the form of a screw of the same pitch as the inclined wedge formed
surface of the adjutage; the bore of the adjutage also has the form of a
nut, consequently when the adjutage is turned it is permitted to move
endwise relatively to the combining tube, but is always held in contact
with it, and when the combining tube moves endwise to regulate the
supply of water the adjutage K moves with it.
The combining tube is connected with a piston R which is operated
by the overflow as is usual in self-adjusting injectors, and the wedge
form of adjutage just described serves to diminish the movement of this
piston proportionately to the area of the tube in the adjutage which
may be in operation. The piston being limited in its movement toward
the receving tube by the ring w³, w¹, and toward the delivery tube by
the surface of the interposed adjutage, it is evident that when the
thickest part of the wedge which contains the smallest tube is interposed
between the combining tube and the delivery adjutage the possible
movement of the combining tube will be less than when the thinnest
part of the wedge is in the same position, so that if the wedge is properly
proportioned this movement will be proportionate to the size of the tube
in operation.
The movable delivery adjutage N is supported by the cylindrical
casing c, and is prevented from any movement toward the combining
tube by the teeth, previously described resting against the end of the
casing c, the purpose of this arrangement being to maintain the joint
between the movable delivery adjutage and the fixed delivery tube,
perfectly tight.
The delivery tube L is fitted so as to slide freely in a bushing in the
diaphragm V of the casing A. A collar upon its exterior next the
delivery adjutage prevents it from moving toward the chamber J, whilst
the delivery adjutage and the casing c prevent it from moving in the
opposite direction, but when the instrument is in operation the water
-pressure in the chamber J will force the tube L against the delivery
adjutage and prevent the escape of water between the delivery tube and
its adjutage. The chamber J is fitted with a check valve W, a waste
valve Z, and waste pipe X, as is customary with self-adjusting injectors.

page_text: The supply of steam to the injector should be varied with the size of
the discharge nozzle employed, and in order that the user may with
facility vary the steam supply within the desired limits for each nozzle
the stem v of the shaft P is screwed, and a nut x is applied to it. This
nut carries a ring S, to which the hand lever T, for moving the steam
plug C, is pivotted, the said lever handle being connected with the stem
of the steam plug by means of a spur, which enters a slot in the said
stem, as represented in dotted lines in Figure 5. The ring also has an
arm U, which is bored to fit loosely upon the stem D of the steam plug,
and the steam plug has a shoulder y, which is too large to pass through
the bore of the arm U, so that the arm forms a stop which limits the
extent to which the steam plug can be opened. The ring and its arm
are screwed outward by the turning of the shaft P in the direction of the
arrow u¹, Figure 5, consequently when that shaft has been so turned as
to place the largest nozzle r¹ in operation the fulcrum pivots of the hand
lever T and the stop arm U are both at their greatest distances from the
head of the injector, as represented at Figure 5, and the steam plug.can
be moved outward to its position for supplying the largest quantity of
steam. On the other hand the turning of the shaft P one or more.
revolutions to set and lock a smaller nozzle in the position to operate
screws the fulcrum pivots and the stop arm U nearer the head of the
injector, thus preventing the steam plug from being moved as far out-
ward, and consequently reducing the supply of steam.
In order to facilitate starting the injector the steam plug C is attached
to the lever T, as previously described, and when the plug is in the
position shown in the Drawing the transverse passages e in the guide
tube d and the transverse passages c¹ in the steam plug are in such
relative position that but a small quantity of steam can enter the bore of
the steam plug, but sufficient to set the water in motion; when this
is effected the lever T is raised until the collar y on the stem D rests
against the arm U, in which position a sufficient quantity of steam will
be admitted through the bore of the steam plug.C and through the
receiving tube a to force the water into the boiler, the regulation of the
steam after starting being effected by turning the screwed shaft P back
and forth, as the circumstances may require, through three-fourths of a
revolution, the arrangement of this shaft, as previously described, being
such that one-fourth of its revolution only is required for turning and
locking the adjutages in position, whilst three-fourths of its revolutions
may be used for regulating the supply of steam.

page_text: the combining adjutage, and the mechanism for regulating the move-
ment of the steam plug, substantially as herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to
this my Specification set my hand and seal, the Thirteenth
day of January One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.