Year: 1886

page_text: We WILLIAM DIXON and SAMUEL THOMPSON both of Owlerton near Sheffield in
the County of York Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the con-
struction of pistons for use in steam engines, also applicable for steam valves and
steam and water pumps; the object of the invention being the obtainment in a
simple and effective manner of a direct equal pressure both at the top and round
the sides of the piston.
.
Our invention consists in making the piston body with a suitable number of
holes or receptacles round its external surface, in which are placed a corresponding
number of inverted spiral steel or other suitable metal springs, within each spring
is fitted and secured a metal stud or pin having a tapered head to open out or
expand the outside ring or rings of the piston so as to get the same steamtight all.
round the piston.-The piston rings are correspondingly shaped to receive the
tapered heads of the studs or pins, the other end of the stud or pin is placed and
works in a recess or groove made therefor in the body extending towards the centre
of the piston.
The springs and studs or pins will be so arranged and fitted as to radiate or
proceed in direct lines from the centre of the body of the piston to the piston
ring or rings.
The number of the holes or rceptacles and also of the springs and studs or pins,
and of the recesses or grooves, will vary, say, from four upwards according to the
size of piston required, and the strength of spring used.
When this invention is applied to steam valves or pumps the studs or pins are
not required.

page_text: improvements in Pistons for Steam Engines, also Applicable for
Steam Valves and Steam and Water Pumps.
We WILLIAM DIXON and SAMUEL THOMPSON both of Owlerton near Sheffield in
the County of York Engineers do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS FOR STEAM ENGINES, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STEAM
VALVES AND STEAM AND WATER PUMPS," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings,
that is to say :—
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the con-
struction of pistons for use in steam engines, also applicable for steam valves and
steam and water pumps, the object of the invention being the obtainment in a
simple and effective manner of a direct equal pressure both at the top and round
the sides of the piston.
In order that the carrying into practice of this invention may be fully understood,
it is illustrated on the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings, on which
Figure 1, is a vertical section of a piston made according to this invention.
Figure 2, is a plan, one half of which is in section, and Figure 3, is a side
elevation of the piston complete.
The same letters of reference indicate like parts in the Figures.
The invention consists in making the piston body a, with a suitable number of
holes or receptacles b, which are situated round its external surface, in these are
placed a corresponding number of inverted spiral steel or other suitable metal
springs c; the number of the holes or receptacles and of the springs will vary
according to the diameter of piston required to be made. Within each spring is
fitted and secured a metal stud or pin d, having a tapered head , to open out or
expand the outside ring or rings e, of the piston, so as to get the same steamtight
all round the piston. The studs or pins d, are also used to expand the inner piston
ring, which is shown by the dotted line in Figure 2.
The piston rings e, are corresponding shaped to receive the tapered heads d¹, of
the studs or pins d, the other end of each stud or pin is placed and works in the
hole or receptacle b, made therefor in the body of and extending towards the
centre of the piston.
The inner piston ring f, is made up of three segments or parts, forming the circle
or ring, and acting on the outside piston rings, as shown by the dotted line in
Figure 2.
The springs c, and studs or pins d, are arranged and fitted to radiate or proceed
in direct lines from the centre of the body of the piston to the piston ring or rings,
as shown on the drawing.
The number of the holes or receptacles b, and also of the springs c, and studs or
pins d, will vary, say, from four upwards, the number depending upon the size of
piston required to be made, and the strength of spring employed,

page_text: Pistons made according to this invention can be constructed to fit cylinders of
any shape, either tapered barrelled parallel or otherwise, and in like manner for
steam valves and steam and water pumps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and the best manner of practically carrying out the same, it should
be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise details as herein set
forth, and as illustrated, because modifications or variations can be made therein
without departing from the general principles of the invention, and it should also
be understood that the several parts of this improved piston are not claimed
separately as new; and in conclusion we declare that what we claim is :—
The construction and arrangement of the working parts, in combination forming
as a whole an improved useful piston for steam engines steam valves and steam
and water pumps, substantially, as herein set forth, and as illustrated on the
accompanying sheet of drawings, whereby a direct equal pressure is obtained
both at the top and round the sides of the piston, in effect rendering it a double
compensating piston perfectly steam tight and expanding both in diameter and
horizontally.
Dated this 4th day of September 1886.
BRISTOW HUNT,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Pistons for Steam Engines, also Applicable for
Steam Valves and Steam and Water Pumps.
We WILLIAM DIXON and SAMUEL THOMPSON both of Owlerton near Sheffield in
the County of York Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the con-
struction of pistons for use in steam engines, also applicable for steam valves and
steam and water pumps; the object of the invention being the obtainment in a
simple and effective manner of a direct equal pressure both at the top and round
the sides of the piston.
Our invention consists in making the piston body with a suitable number of
holes or receptacles round its external surface, in which are placed a corresponding
number of inverted spiral steel or other suitable metal springs, within each spring
is fitted and secured a metal stud or pin having a tapered head to open out or
expand the outside ring or rings of the piston so as to get the same steamtight all
round the piston. The piston rings are correspondingly shaped to receive the
tapered heads of the studs or pins, the other end of the stud or pin is placed and
works in a recess or groove made therefor in the body extending towards the centre
of the piston.
The springs and studs or pins will be so arranged and fitted as to radiate or
proceed in direct lines from the centre of the body of the piston to the piston
ring or rings.
The number of the holes or receptacles and also of the springs and studs or pins,
and of the recesses or grooves, will vary, say, from four upwards according to the
size of piston required, and the strength of spring used.
When this invention is applied to steam valves or pumps the studs or pins are
not required.
BRISTOW HUNT,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Steam Valves and Steam and Water Pumps.
We WILLIAM DIXON and SAMUEL THOMPSON both of Owlerton near Sheffield in
the County of York Engineers do, hereby declare the nature of the said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS FOR STEAM ENGINES, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STEAM
VALVES AND STEAM AND WATER PUMPS," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the con-
struction of pistons for use in steam engines, also applicable for steam valves and
steam and water pumps, the object of the invention being the obtainment in a
simple and effective, manner of a direct equal pressure both at the top and round
the sides of the piston.
In order that the carrying into practice of this invention may be fully understood,
it is illustrated on the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings, on which
Figure 1, is a vertical section of a piston made according to this invention.
Figure 2, is a plan, one half of which is in section, and Figure 3, is a side
elevation of the piston complete.
The same letters of reference indicate like parts in the Figures.
The invention consists in making the piston body a, with a suitable number of
holes or receptacles b, which are situated round its external surface, in these are
placed a corresponding number of inverted spiral steel or other suitable metal
springs ; the number of the holes or receptacles band of the springs will vary
according to the diameter of piston required to be made. Within each spring is
fitted and secured a metal stud or plunger pin d, having a the outer or plunger end d
of which presses outwards and against the inner piston ring which is tapered head-d';
on its outer edge to open out or expand the outside ring or rings e, of the piston, so as
to get the same steamtight all round the piston. The studs or pins-d, are also used
to expand the inner piston ring f, which is shown by the dotted line in Figure 2.
The piston rings e, are corresponding shaped to receive the tapered hends d', of
the studs or pins-d, the other end of each stud or pin is placed and works in the
hole or receptiele b, The inner piston ring f receives on its inner edge the heads or
outer ends d² of the plunger pins d, and is thus pressed outwards by the action of the
springs c combined with the plunger pins d and plungers d'; the inner end of the
plunger pins d working or being received in the recesses b made therefor in the body of
and extending towards the centre of the piston.
The inner piston ring f, is made up of three segments or parts, forming the circle
or ring, and acting on the outside piston rings, as shown by the dotted line in
Figure 2.

page_text: The springs c, and studs or pins plunger pins d with plungers d¹, are arranged and
fitted to radiate or proceed in direct lines from the centre of the body of the piston
to the piston ring or rings, as shown on the drawing.
The number of the holes or receptacles b, b' and also of the springs c, and studs or
pins-d; plungers d' and plunger pins d will vary, say, from four upwards, the number
depending upon the according to the size of piston required to be made, and the
strength of spring employed.
Pistons made according to this invention can be constructed to fit cylinders of
any shape, either tapered, barrelled formed parallel, or otherwise, and in like manner
for steam valves and steam and water pumps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and the best manner of practically carrying out the same, it should
be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise details as herein set
forth, and as illustrated, because modifications or variations can be made therein
without departing from the general principles of the invention, and it should also
be understood that the several parts of this improved piston are not claimed
separately as new; and in conclusion we declare that what we claim is :-
The construction and arrangement of the working parts, in combination forming
as a whole an improved useful piston for steam engines steam valves and steam
and water pumps, substantially as herein set forth, and as illustrated on the
accompanying sheet of drawings, we do not claim generally the mere pressing the
packing rings of Pistons, steam and water pumps and the like by means of springs acting
radially said springs being situate in sockets, recesses or receptacles disposed around the
body of the piston, but what we claim is:
In connection with the device described in our Specification and illustrated in the
accompanying sheet of drawings, the combination with the springs c of the plunger pins d
and plungers d pressing outwards, and against the inner piston ring which in turn
expands the outer piston ring or rings c whereby a direct equal pressure is obtained
both at the top and round the sides of the piston, in effect rendering it a double
compensating expanding piston perfectly steamtight and expanding both in diameter
and horizontally ensuring a direct equal pressure both at top and around the sides of
the piston substantially as herein set forth and shown in the accompanying sheet of
drawings.
Dated this 4th day of September 1886.

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 19th day of July 1887, amended under Sections 18
to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Steam Valves and Steam and Water Pumps.
We WILLIAM DIXON and SAMUEL THOMPSON both of Owlerton near Sheffield in
the County of York Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the con-
struction of pistons for use in steam engines, also applicable for steam valves and
steam and water pumps; the object of the invention being the obtainment in a
simple and effective manner of a direct equal pressure both at the top and round
the sides of the piston.
Our invention consists in making the piston body with a suitable number of
holes or receptacles round its external surface, in which are placed a corresponding
number of inverted spiral steel or other suitable metal springs, within each spring
is fitted and secured a metal stud or pin having a tapered head to open out or
expand the outside ring or rings of the piston so as to get the same steamtight all
round the piston.-The piston rings are correspondingly shaped to receive the
tapered heads of the studs or pins, the other end of the stud or pin is placed and
works in a recess or groove made therefor in the body extending towards the centre
of the piston.
The springs and studs or pins will be so arranged and fitted as to radiate or
proceed in direct lines from the centre of the body of the piston to the piston
ring or rings.
The number of the holes or receptacles and also of the springs and studs or pins,
and of the recesses or grooves, will vary, say, from four upwards according to the
size of piston required, and the strength of spring used.
When this invention is applied to steam valves or pumps the studs or pins are
not required.
1
1000
BRISTOW HUNT,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Pistons for Steam Engines, also Applicable for
Steam Valves and Steam and Water Pumps.
We WILLIAM DIXON and SAMUEL THOMPSON both of Owlerton near Sheffield in
the County of York Engineers do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS FOR STEAM ENGINES, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STEAM
VALVES AND STEAM AND WATER PUMPS," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the con-
struction of pistons for use in steam engines, also applicable for steam valves and
steam and water pumps, the object of the invention being the obtainment in a
simple and effective manner of a direct equal pressure both at the top and round
the sides of the piston.
In order that the carrying into practice of this invention may be fully understood,
it is illustrated on the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings, on which
Figure 1, is a vertical section of a piston made according to this invention.
Figure 2, is a plan, one half of which is in section, and Figure 3, is a side
elevation of the piston complete.
The same letters of reference indicate like parts in the Figures.
The invention consists in making the piston body a, with a suitable number of
holes or receptacles b, which are situated round its external surface, in these are
placed a corresponding number of inverted spiral steel or other suitable metal
springs ; the number of the holes or receptacles band of the springs will vary
according to the diameter of piston required to be made. Within each spring is
fitted and secured a metal stud or plunger pin d, having a the outer or plunger end d'
of which presses outwards and against the inner piston ring f which is tapered head-d';
on its outer edge to open out or expand the outside ring or rings e, of the piston, so as
to get the same steamtight all round the piston. The studs or pins-d, are also used
to expand the inner piston ring f: which is shown by the dotted line in Figure 2.
The piston rings e, are corresponding shaped to receive the tapered heads d', of
the studs or pins d, the other end of each stud or pin is placed and works in the
hole or receptacle-b; The inner piston ring f receives on its inner edge the heads or
outer ends of the plunger pins d, and is thus pressed outwards by the action of the
springs c combined with the plunger pins d and plungers d'; the inner end of the
plunger pins d working or being received in the recesses b made therefor in the body of
and extending towards the centre of the piston.
The inner piston ring f, is made up of three segments or parts, forming the circle
or ring, and acting on the outside piston rings, as shown by the dotted line in
Figure 2.

page_text: The springs c, and studs or pins plunger pins d with plungers d¹, are arranged and
fitted to radiate or proceed in direct lines from the centre of the body of the piston
to the piston ring or rings, as shown on the drawing.
The number of the holes or receptacles b, and also of the springs c, and studs or
pins d; plungers d¹ and plunger pins d will vary, say, from four upwards, the number
depending upon the according to the size of piston required to be made, and the
strength of spring employed.
Pistons made according to this invention can be constructed to fit cylinders of
any shape, either tapered, barrelled formed parallel, or otherwise, and in like manner
for steain valves and steam and water pumps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and the best manner of practically carrying out the same, it should
be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise details as herein set
forth, and as illustrated, because modifications or variations can be made therein
without departing from the general principles of the invention, and it should also
be understood that the several parts of this improved piston are not claimed
separately as new; and in conclusion we declare that what we claim is :-
The construction and arrangement of the working parts, in combination forming
as a whole an improved useful piston for steam engines steam valves and steam
and water pumps, substantially as herein set forth, and as illustrated on the
accompanying sheet of drawings, we do not claim generally the mere pressing the
packing rings of Pistons, steam and water pumps and the like by means of springs acting
radially said springs being situate in sockets, recesses or receptacles disposed around the
body of the piston, but what we claim is:-
In connection with the device described in our Specification and illustrated in the
accompanying sheet of drawings, the combination with the springs c of the plunger pins d
and plungers d pressing outwards and against the inner piston ring f which in turn
expands the outer piston ring or rings e whereby a direct equal pressure is obtained
both at the top and round the sides of the piston, in effect rendering it a double
compensating expanding piston perfectly steamtight and expanding both in diameter
and horizontally ensuring a direct equal pressure both at top and around the sides of
the piston substantially as herein set forth and shown in the accompanying sheet of
drawings.
Dated this 4th day of September 1886.