AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MAKING LOZENGES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Oliver Rice Chase, of Boston, in the United States
of America, but now of 17, Cornhill, London, for the Invention of "AN
"
Sealed the 18th December 1855, and dated the 22nd June 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Oliver Rice Chase at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
June 1855.
I, OLIVER RICE CHASE, of Boston, in the United States of America, but now
of 17, Cornhill, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MAKING LOZENGES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
This machine is an improvement on a machine described in the Specifica-
tion and Drawings filed in pursuance of the Letters Patent granted to me
by Her most Gracious Majesty, and bearing date the 21st day of June 1854,
and entitled "Improvements in Machinery for Making Lozenges, and for other
Purposes."
The improvement relates to the operation of cutting the lozenges or other
articles from the paste prepared in the manner described in the Specification
above referred to, and to a mode of adjusting the roller which polishes the
paste before it passes to the cutters. The pressure of the polishing roller I

page_text: adjust by causing its journals to work in guides, whose height above the
surface of the paste is regulated by screws and springs.
Instead of being delivered on to a cylinder of complicated construction,
the paste passes down an inclined plane, and a set of cutters similar to those
used in hand cutting is forced through it by means of cams acting in oppo-
sition to springs, which hold the cutters when not passing through the paste
above its surface. The lozenges pass out at the back of the cutters, and are
collected & spread in any convenient mode, while the scraps of paste fall
into a receptacle placed to receive them. At the line where the paste leaves
the horizontal belt to pass on to the inclined plane where it is cut, I place a
roller, which facilitates the change in its direction.
The details of this improvement will be explained fully in my final
Specification.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Oliver Rice Chase in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd December 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, OLIVER
RICE CHASE, of Boston, in the United States of America, but now of 17,
Cornhill, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Oliver Rice Chase, Her special licence that I, the said Oliver Rice
Chase, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Oliver Rice Chase, executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MACHINE FOR MAKING LOZENGES, AND FOR OTHER. PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Oliver Rice Chase, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Oliver Rice Chase, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings; in
which Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine; Figure 2 is a longitu-
dinal vertical section of that portion of the machine to which my improvements
relate; and Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the cutter plate and cutters.
This machine is an improvement on a machine described in the Specifica-
tion and Drawings filed in pursuance of the Letters Patent granted to me
by Her most Gracious Majesty, and bearing date the Twenty-first day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, and
entitled "Improvements in Machinery for Making Lozenges, and for other
Purposes."
The improvement which constitutes my present Invention relates to the
operation of cutting the lozenges or other articles from the paste prepared in
the manner described in the Specification above referred to, and to a mode of
adjusting the pressure of the roller which polishes the paste before it passes to
the cutters.
That part of the machine which rolls and delivers the paste is identical with
the machinery for the same purpose described in the Specification of my
former Patent above referred to, and therefore need not be described in the
present Specification.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings the same parts are indicated by
the same letters in all the Figures.
A, A, is the band from the prime mover; B, the main pulley on the main
shaft C. Outside of pulley B on the main shaft is another pulley D, which by
means of a band E drives the part of the machinery for rolling and deliver-
ing the paste. Inside of pulley B on shaft C is a pulley F, which by means
of a band G drives the pulley H, which by means of the crank I imparts a
reciprocating motion to the polishing roller K. The journals of the roller K
work in guides L, L, adjustable on upright rods by means of springs and
screws, by which the pressure of the roller may be accurately regulated.
Another pulley on shaft C drives, by means of band N, pulley O on the end
of the roller, which carries the delivery belt P. To the main shaft are
attached two cams Q, Q, of the form shewn in the Drawings, which work
against studs R, R, on the ends of two piston rods. on which the cutter plate S
is attached, by means of slots T, T, (Figure 3,) so as to be removable at
pleasure. The piston rods have a reciprocating motion in proper guides, and
carry the plate S and the attached cutters U, U, &c. back and forth with

page_text: hem. Their inner ends are united by a bar, not seen in the Drawings, against
which a spring acts to force the rods outwards. Their inward movement is
given by the cams Q, Q. On the end of main shaft C is a dog or cam W,
working in the yoke Y, and imparting to said yoke an oscillating movement
about its fulcrum Z. By means of the connected levers a, b, the yoke Y
imparts a reciprocating motion to the knife or clearer c, which works up and
down on the end of a piston rod g, and close against the face of plate e,
against which the cutters U, U, &c. impinge. The knife c and plate e are
seen in Figure 2. In the same Figure, f is a sectional view of a perforated
plate or comb, through which the cutters pass before impinging upon plate e.
It is cither perforated with holes of the same shape and size as the cross
section of the cutters U, U, or is formed like a comb, having teeth projecting
A is the endless apron which delivers the paste to
down between the cutters.
the cutters; B' is the handle of the lever for shifting the driving belt A from
the fast to the loose pulley.
may
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The paste to be operated
upon, having been prepared, rolled, and polished in the manner described in
my former Specification, is passed by the endless apron A¹ under the polishing
roller K and over the curved plate e, Fig. 2, in front of which it hangs in a
sheet of proper thickness. While in that position the cutters U, U, U, &c.
(which are similar in shape to those commonly used in hand cutting, and
be varied in shape and size as required,) are forced through it by the
operation of the cams Q, Q, and cut out the lozenges. The cutter plate and
cutters are then forced back by the operation of a spring, as before described
and the lozenges fall out of their larger ends on to the delivery apron P, whic
delivers them on to boards or trays, as may be desired. The surplus paste fall
by its own weight into an inclined trough, which conveys it to a receptacl
placed to receive it. As the cutters are being forced back, the comb o
perforated plate f prevents the sheet of paste from being drawn back wit
them. When the cutters are retracted, the dog W, acting upon yoke Y an
levers a and b, causes the knife c to pass up along the face of the plate
against which the cutters impinge, and keep it clean and free from past
When this is done a fresh portion of paste is presented in front of plate
and the operation of cutting is repeated.
It will be observed that the inner or cutting ends of the cutters are high
than their outer or delivery ends; but I do not intend to confine myself to a
particular angle, but to work the cutters at any angle I may deem best,
long as the principle of the Invention remains unchanged. I also claim
use my improved cutting apparatus with other forms of rolling and feedi

page_text: apparatus than that patented by me Twenty-first June, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four. I have contemplated the application of my machine,
with the necessary modifications in size, to the cutting out of cakes, biscuits,
and other similar articles.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be put in practice, what I claim
therein as new, and desire to have secured to me by the above in part recited
Letters Patent, is,-
First, the mode of adjusting the pressure of the polishing roller upon the
paste by means of guides, rods, and screws, substantially as described and
shewn.
Second, the removable cutter plate with its cutters, constructed and
operated substantially in the manner described, and at any angle that
found desirable.
may be
Third, I claim the knife or clearer c working against the face of plate e, in
the manner and for the purpose specified.
Fourth, I claim, in combination with reciprocating cutters, the perforated
comb plate f, used for the purpose specified, and constructed substantially as
described.
And, finally, I claim the general arrangement of the machinery described
herein for cutting and delivering lozenges or other similar articles from paste
suitably prepared, the same being constructed and operated substantially in
the manner herein-before specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Oliver Rice Chase, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of December, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
year of
OLIVER RICE CHASE. (L.S.)