IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILROADS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the
Empire of France, and 10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILROADS." -A communication
from Achille Philippe Cyprien Legrand, residing at Mons, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Manufacturer.
<
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 16th March 1868, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 24;
Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 10, Sackville-
Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILROADS," a communication from Achille
Philippe Cyprien Legrand, a person resident at Mons, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Manufacturer, and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant
unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters 5
Patent for the same, and made solemn Declaration that it is a com-
munication.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the Invention, and 1
the manner in which the same is to be performed, reference being had
to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
The improvements communicated to me relate to new and improved
means of fixing and connecting rails on metallic traverse pieces. These
improvements are represented in the different Figures of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Figs. 1 and 2. The system of tightening represented by Figs. 1 and 2,
Fig. 1 being a section by M, N, of Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 a projection on a
plan parallel with the plan of the rail, is composed of two hooks A and
A', tightened against the rail R by two pieces C and C₁ forming keys.
The traverse T is perforated according to the figures a, b, c, d, e, f,
g, h, and a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h¹; the keys c and care placed on the
traverse so that the empty parts m and m¹ of those keys coincide
exactly with the figures a, b, c, d, and a¹, b, c, d, the hooks are then
inserted and these assembling pieces are forced down to the bottom
into the mortices. The section of the mortices is variable, it being a
mere question of abutting any kind of hook whatsoever into any kind of
mortice whatsoever. The hooks are turned in a direction diametrically.
opposite to those represented in the Drawings, and the keys disposed
the
perpendicularly to the direction of the traverse, so as to allow
introduction of the rail.. The rail being placed upon, the traverse, the
hooks are turned to 180° and the keys driven in the direction shown by
the arrow.
The result of this operation is represented in the Figures
in question. The throats of the hooks are furnished with projections &
and s', which lodge themselves in the corresponding cavities of the keys,
and the tightening by the keys is increased. In this system one of the
keys might be suppressed; the rail would be made to abut against one

page_text: of the hooks, and the tightening would take place under the same
conditions; the form of the hook would then be modified. The section
(Fig. 1) would give the Fig. p, q, r, s, t, u, v, and instead of a round
throat a square one. All these pieces are made of iron or of steel..
Figs. 3 and 4. They represent Fig. 3 in section by M, N, of Fig. 4,
a rail held by an iron bearing rivetted on the metallic traverse; R, the
rail; B, wooden corner; C, bearing. The lower part of the bearing
is extended and runs across the metallic traverse through a mortice a,
b, c, d; the rivetting is. then accomplished, and the form represented by
the Fig. 3 is obtained..
!
Fig. 5. Analogous to the preceding ones (3 and 4), the only
difference consisting in the traverse having two mortices instead of
only one.
Fig. 6 represents the laminated iron which is to produce the bearing.
The projections m and n are passed' through the mortices; the uprights
p and
q are pushed back on the mandrel M; the projections are rivetted
and the bearing obtained. . Instead of rivetting one might simply fold
down or even allow the tightening to take place by the effect produced,
cither by heating the traverse and placing the bearing cold (Figs. 3
and 4), or by heating the bearing and not the traverse (Fig. 5). The
main characteristic of this mode of manufacture is, that the material
of the bearing itself rivets; the bearing may also be soldered upon the
traverse.
Figs. 7 and 14. T, traverse, a section of which is shown in Fig. 14;
R; rail; C, hook inserted by a mortice cut in the traverse; B, wooden
corner which completes the tightening. In this Figure the traverse is
folded down towards the outside of the way, it might equally be folded
down towards the inside and the hook placed outside; the traverse may
be bent by applying it to the outside of the rail, instead of folding it
down over itself, as shown in the Figure.
Fig. 8. The rail R is held on to the traverse T by means of two
hooks C and C¹ passed in a hot state through the mortices in the traverse
and afterwards rivetted, a wooden corner B effecting the tightening.
In system Fig. 7 the hook C might also be replaced by a hook rivetted
analogous to those in Fig. 8.
Figs. 9, 10, and 11. Fig. 9 of which is a section by M, N,. of Fig. 10,
and Fig. 11 a section by P, Q, of the metal plate 5, Fig. 10. R, rail;

page_text: c and c¹, hooks; s, inclined metal plate; F, key; the rail is not repre-
sented to simplify in the horizontal projection, Fig. 10; the metal
plate is pierced with a slot (Fig. 11), in which lodges the key F; the
hooks being placed in the mortices cut in the traverse T the metal
plates is driven in until the slot comes between the two hooks, the
key F is then introduced and the tightening obtained.
Figs. 12 and 13. Fig. 12 being a section by M, N, of Fig. 13. To
simplify the rail is not represented in the horizontal projection, Fig. 13;
the metal plate & is placed under the rail, but more to the left than
shown in the Figure; the hooks c and c¹ are then placed, the metal
plate is driven to the right in such a manner as to occupy the position
represented in the Figure, and the key F is inserted, thereby preventing
the return of the metal plate s, and maintaining the whole tightly
together.
Figs. 15 and 16 represent another form of metal plate, Fig. 16 being
a section by M, N, of Fig. 15.
Fig. 17 represents a hook, which might be placed on the side of the
rail, and would answer the purpose of the hooks above described.
Figs. 18, 19, and 20. The traverse is perforated with two mortices,
which allow the hooks to be inserted longitudinally to the rail and 2
be turned over afterwards a quarter of a turn, the ends of the hooks
embracing in that manner the patten of the rail with the inclined plate,
when there is one, and the under part of the traverse; in this Figure I
suppose two hooks tightening the rail between them, the tightening
action taking place from the point a towards the rail, and from the point 6 2
on the other side, also towards the rail. Only one of these hooks might
be used, which would abut the rail against any kind of catch; where the
mortices are cut these hooks have round throats to effect the rotation
movement, and they will be held laterally by vertical keys E and E',
or else by a horizontal key c, which would be driven into a slot cut in 3
the under part of the rail.
"
Fig. 20 shows the position of the hooks before effecting the quarter
of a turn.
Fig. 18 shows the position after tightening.
Fig. 19 represents the systems of keys which prevent the hooks from 3
untightening, and which answer the purpose at the same time of
inclined plate and tightening plate.

page_text: Play will be afforded the mortices for the regular working of all the
parts.
Having thus described the nature of the said improvements, and the
manner of carrying them into effect, I would have it understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details above enumerated, as these
may obviously be modified without departing from the principle of the
Invention; but what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent
is, the connecting devices and means of manufacture above described,
and especially the manner of manufacturing the bearings of Fig. 6, and
the section of laminated iron used in making them, the soldering of the
said bearing on the traverse, the aplication of the U-shaped iron in the
making of the traverse, Figs. 7 and 14, and the section of iron used in
making the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of March,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.