Improvements in and relating to Gas or Vapour Burners.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 7th Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Gas or Vapour Burners.
We, HARRY MCMILLEN HAMRICK, Mechanical Engineer, and WILLIAM SIEGER
MILLER, Chemist, both of No. 802, Witherspoon Building, Philadelphia, Pennsyl-
vania, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
Our invention relates to an improved construction of burner for illuminating
purposes, and the object is to provide a burner of this character wherein the
gasoline or other liquid illuminant will be converted into a gas or vapor having
left its source of supply, prior to, or at about the time of its admission into the
burner, means being provided for controlling the supply to said burner and for
retaining a large proportion of the heat within the burner in order that a superior
gas may be generated therein and a more perfect combustion thereof result.
It also consists of a suitably-supported mantle, suspended above and adjacent
to the mouth of the burner, whereby the flame as it emanates from the burner
and surrounds the mantle, will be spread or deflected so as to increase the
illuminating power thereof, and whereby also the heat units which are contained
in said mantle, may be returned to the burner and thus intensify the heat thereof
to a maximum degree.
It also consists of a burner comprising a shell or tube, a gas generating chamber
located at one end thereof and a perforated diaphragm located within said tube
and intermediate of its ends, means for supplying said gas generating chamber
with gasoline or other liquid illuminant, and for controlling the supply thereof,
to said burner, and means for retaining and intensifying to a maximum degree
the heat in said burner when in operation.
It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will be hereinafter
fully set forth.
Our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a burner embodying our invention.
Figure 2 represents a longitudinal section of the same, showing also the
preferred arrangement for supplying said burner with the gasoline or other
illuminant.
Figure represents an inverted plan view on an enlarged scale, of a ring
to which the mantle is secured, and which forms a support therefor.
Figure 4 represents a longitudinal section of the mantle and its adjuncts.
Figure 5 represents a side elevation of the supporting ring for the mantle, in
detached position.
Figure 6 represents a longitudinal section of a slightly modified construction
of our invention, and
Figure 7 represents a side elevation of the same, the burner being shown in
this instance, as provided with an asbestos or other refractory cover.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.
A designates the burner, the same consisting of a shell or a tube B, having

page_text: a series of perforations C near its lower extremity for the admission of air, and
a series of perforations D near its upper extremity, through which a portion of
the flame escapes when the burner is in operation.
E designates the threaded neck or extension of a casing F, to which the
lower internally-threaded extremity of the shell or tube B is secured, "the" said
casing being provided with a chamber G, the latter having a port H leading
therefrom into the shell or tube B, and through which the gas generated within
the chamber G escapes into the burner."
The lower end of the casing is provided with a threaded opening adapted to
receive the threaded stem Y of a needle or similar valve L, which 'serves to
control the supply of gas to the burner, although it is evident, under certain
conditions we may dispense with said valve and reduce the size of the port H, in
order that a predetermined and continuous supply of illuminant may be intro-
duced to the burner.
M designates a supply pipe, which may lead from any convenient source of
supply (not shown) and the gasoline or other liquid illuminant may be forced,
or allowed to pass into the chamber G through said pipe, it being observed that
the pipe M in Figure 1 leads directly to the chamber G, while in Figure 2 it is
coiled around the burner A before entering said chamber, the latter arrangement
being intended to heat the gasoline to a higher degree as it passes through the
coil and so facilitate and accelerate the production of the gas.
The interior of the burner A is provided with a perforated or gauze dia-
phragm P, the same being located slightly below the level of the perforations D),
so that as the gases rise within the shell and commingle with the air drawn in
through the perforations C, their ascent will be retarded by said diaphragm and
a perfect combustion at that point will ensue, the flame being contained within
the said shell or casing between its upper extremity and the diaphragm, will
radiate through and heat the burner, and any flame which may pass out through
the perforations D, will give additional heat to the exterior of the burner as
will be evident.
Q designates a frame, the same consisting of an arm or standard T having its
lower extremity attached to a collar R, the latter being formed with an annular
top flange S, adapted to rest upon the upper extremity of the shell or casing B,
the lower edge of said collar terminating above the perforations D.
The upper extremity of the arm Q is provided with a laterally-extending
support U which may be arranged in substantial alignment with the collar R,
and upon which pins V of a ring W rest, the latter being secured to and forming
part of an inverted conical mantle A', the action of which is similar to that of
a Welsbach mantle.
The ring W is formed with an annular groove X, and an adjacent flange Y,
having radial recesses Z, in which the ends of a plurality of strands of wire are
inserted, the same being secured therein by means of a wire B' or other suitable
fastening, fitting into the groove X and binding the ends of said strands, the lower
extremities thereof being fastened to the converging ends of wires C', whereby
a substantial and effective mantle is secured.
Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, B* designates a shell or tube, similar to
that herein before described, but in this construction the lower perforations C,
are omitted, and in their stead a space C is left between the lower extremities
of the shell or tube and casing F for the admission of air into the burner A,
to which latter the supply pipe M³ is brased or otherwise secured.
The casing F is provided with a port G³ adapted to receive therein the lower
extremity of the supply pipe M³, which latter leads to the gas generating cham-
ber G, as shown, and in this manner convenient and substantial support is pro-
vided for the valve casing as will be evident.
N* designates a cover or casing which may be composed of asbestos or other
refractory material, the same being provided with perforations P* at or near the
lower extremity thereof for the admission of air to the burner, the said cover

page_text: being designed to enclose the burner in such manner that while serving to retain
and intensify the heat therein, it will in no wise interfere with the free circula-
tion of the air which may pass up from below the cover and through the perfora-
tions P therein as described. This cover may be supplied to any of the forms
of burners herein shown and described, and is particularly advantageous in
winter time, or under conditions where a low temperature prevails.
It will be understood, of course, that the valves for controlling the supply
of gasoline or other liquid illuminant to the burner, and the mantle and other
parts or adjuncts specifically described as pertaining to Figures 1 to 5 inclusive,
and not referred to in connection with Figures 6 and 7, will be used therewith
in substantially the same form.
It has been found in practice that the best results are obtained by making
the ring W of copper as well as the support U, the standard Q and the collar R,
the mantle A being preferably made of platinum or similar material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1st. A burner consisting of a tube, means for introducing an illuminant there-
into, a collar supported upon the upper end of the tube, a standard arising from
said collar, and a mantle supported from said standard.
2nd. A burner consisting of a tube, a valve chamber at the lower portion
thereof, openings or ports located at the upper and lower portions of said tube,
a collar supported upon the latter, a standard arising from said collar, and a
mantle supported upon said standard.
3rd. In a burner, a tube, having perforations at the upper and lower portion
thereof, gauze located transversely in said tube below the upper series of perfora-
tions, a chamber having a needle valve therein, secured to the lower portion of
said tube, a collar supported upon the upper portion of said tube, the lower
edge of said collar terminating above the upper series of perforations in said
tube, a standard arising from said collar and a mantle supported from said
standard.
4th. In a burner, a tube, having perforations at the upper and lower portion
thereof, gauze located transversely in said tube below and in proximity to the
upper series of perforations, a collar supported upon the upper end of said tube
and having an inwardly extending flange whereby said collar is held in position,
a standard arising from said collar, a supporting lateral band projecting from
said standard, a ring having projections thereon sustained upon said band, and
a mantle depending from said ring.
5th. A mantle consisting of a ring having projections extending therefrom,
an annular groove in said ring below said projections, whereby a lower projecting
flange is formed, a plurality of recesses or cuts in said lower flange, a series of
wires having their upper ends seated in said recesses, said ends being bent into
said groove, and a wire seated in the latter, the lower ends of said wires con-
verging, and being suitably secured together in assembled position.
6th. A burner, consisting of a tube, means for introducing gas into said tube,
a mantle suitably supported above said tube and a gauze in said tube below the
outlet thereof, so that the flame heats said tube.
7th. A burner consisting of a tube, means for introducing an illuminant into
said tube, a mantle suitably supported above said tube, a gauze in said tube
below the outlet thereof, whereby the flame heats said tube, and perforations in
the latter located in proximity to the inlet for said illuminant.
8th. A burner consisting of a tube, a chamber for the reception of gas at the
lower portion thereof, openings or ports located at the upper and lower portions
of said tube, a standard sustained upon the latter-and a mantle supported upon
said standard.
9th. A burner consisting of a tube, a chamber for the reception of the illumi-

page_text: nant at the lower portion of said tube, a mantle suitably supported above the
said tube, a gauze in said tube adjacent the outlet thereof, and a pipe leading
to said chamber and coiled about said tube, said burner being adapted to generate
its own gas by its own heat.
10th. A burner consisting of a tube, means for introducing an illuminant there-
into, a standard supported upon said tube and a mantle supported from said
standard.
11th. A burner consisting of a tube, means for introducing an illuminant there-
into, a standard supported upon said tube, a mantle supported from said standard,
and means for enabling said burner to generate its own heat from its own gas.
12th. A mantle consisting of a ring having a groove therein whereby a lower
projecting flange is formed, a plurality of recesses or cuts in said flange, a series
of wires having their upper ends seated in said recesses and deflected into said
groove, a fastening device seated in the latter, the lower ends of said wires
converged, and means for securing said lower ends in assembled position.
Dated this 29th day of October 1898.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.