IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING ORGANZINE SILK
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
ROCK SHUTE, of Watford, in the County of Herts, Silk Throwster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Seventeenth day of August, in the sixth year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Rock Shute, His especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Thomas Rock Shute, my exors, adñiors, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Rock Shute, my exors, adiñiors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND
DOUBLING ORGANZINE SILK;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that I, the said Thomas Rock Shute, shall cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Rock Shute, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of certain apparatus to be superadded to the
ordinary spinning machinery, whereby the threads-of silk in being spun and
doubled are kept of an equal tension during the process of spinning and
doubling, notwithstanding any inequality of hardness of winding of the silk
on the bobbins, and in the event of either of the threads of silk breaking,
the said apparatus will immediately break the other thread of silk, and thus
stop it from proceeding to the doubling apparatus, by which means a single
thread can never continue to pass to the doubling process after the other
thread is broken.
Figure 1 is the front view of a portion of a spinning and doubling machine,
having my improvements applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same portion of the machine, shewing
the parts edgewise.
In each of these Figures. the same letters iudicate similar parts. I have
not thought it necessary to show more of a spinning and doubling machine"
for spinning and doubling organzine silk than is sufficient. to explain the
application of my improvements thereto, such machinery being well under-
stood. a is the step bed or rail for supporting the ends of the spindles b,
which are of the ordinary construction. c is the collar bed or rail which
carries the collars in which the spindles 6 turn. c, e, are the bobbins on which
the silk for organzine or to be organzined is wound. On to the collar bed
or rail c is affixed a standard to each pair of spindles f, by means of screws,
or otherwise; its construction will be evident on examining the Figures of the
Drawing. In the upper part of the standard f is formed a mortico or
opening to allow of the frame h being moved up and down when required,
and which will be fully explained hereafter.. i is a spring affixed at the back
of the standard, which retains the frame h in any position of the mortice, to
which it may be moved. j is a small rod with a ring at top for a handle; this
rod is affixed to the frame h, as is shown in Figure 2, and passes through
a hole formed at .k in the standard, which guides it up and down. On to
the frame is affixed the axis 1, of the pulley m, this pulley m moving freely
thereon, and is prevented bring drawn off the axis 7 by à pin or stud n. The
pully m is kept in a state of equilibrium by the weights o, o, on the cord p,

page_text: which 1. passes round the pulley m, as is clearly shown in the Drawing.
q is a stem of wire affixed to the pulley m, and at the upper end is
formed the. ring or opening r, through which (in opposite directions)
pass the silk threads from the spindles as they are spun to undergo the
doubling process. 8, 8, are projections at right angles to the ring r, the
construction of which will be evident on inspecting the Drawing, particularly
Figure 1. In case of either of the treads of silk breaking, one of the projec-
tions s will fall on the plate t at the top of the bobbins, in consequence of the
strain of the unbroken thread (overcoming the balance, otherwise preserved by
the weights o, o) drawing over the ring to the spindle from which the unbroken
thread is proceeding, by which means the continued revolution of the spindle
will immediately break the unbroken thread; and should the workman not
observe that the threads are broken of any particular spindle, or if he be
engaged in piecing up other broken threads, the continued action of the
machine will not cause a thread from a single spindle to pass to the doubling
apparatus of the machine, but whenever one thread breaks the other with
which it is being doubled will immediately be broken as above described.
And it should be remarked, that, in addition to the effect of breaking the
thread as above described, the ring r, through which the silk threads pass,
regulates the tension of the threads in their progress to be doubled; there-
fore, in case the silk threads on their respective bobbins be wound, thereon
more hard in one instance than in the other, then the weaker wound thread
gathers itself around its spindle, whilst the stronger wound thread, drawing
over the ring to its spindle, reduces the number of turns the thread has
round it, and draws the thread from the opposite spindles at a more acute
angle, by which means the threads forming doubled silk will be constantly
equal. When the threads of any spindles are broken, the workman draws up
the frame h; this will cause the stem g to stand vertically from the pully m, and
will be held in that position by the spring i, and also by the plate v, through
holes in which the cord passes. This will enable the workman, when he
has collected the two broken silk threads from their respective spindles, to
pass them more rapidly through the ring r than if that ring could fall from
side to side, and having passed the threads of silk in opposite directions
through the ring r, he pieces the same up to the portion which has been
doubled; he then returns the frame h to the position shown in the Drawing, by
sliding it down the standard; the apparatus is then in a condition to operate
on the two threads, as above described.
Having thus explained the nature of my Invention, and the manner of carrying
my improvements into effect, I would wish it to be understood that I do

page_text: not claim any of the parts separately herein described. But what I claim as
my Invention is, the combining the frame h, the pulley m kept in a state of
balance, the standard q, and the ring or opening r, when the same are applied
to a spinning and doubling machine, for spinning and doubling organzine silk,
for the purpose of causing the threads of silk as they are being spun to be
kept of an equal tension during the process of spinning and doubling, not-
withstanding any inequality of hardness of winding of the silk on the bobbins ;
and in the event of either of the threads of silk breaking, the apparatus so
combined and applied will immediately break the other thread of silk, and
thus stop it from proceeding to the doubling process as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Rock Shute, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-six.