IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PACKING TEA OR SIMILAR SUBSTANCES INTO BOXES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Carson of the town and County of Stirling
and Samuel Robert Baildon of Glasgow in the County of Lanark for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PACKING TEA OR SIMILAR
SUBSTANCES INTO BOXES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Carson and
Samuel Robert Baildon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
29th September 1883.
ALEXANDER CARSON of the town and County of Stirling and SAMUEL ROBERT
BAILDON of Glasgow in the County of Lanark, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR PACKING TEA OR SIMILAR SUBSTANCES INTO BOXES,"
This Invention relates to improved apparatus for use in packing tea or similar
substances into boxes.
The improved apparatus is designed to combine a jigging or vibratory action,
(which is imparted to the boxes to shake down and spread the tea or other
substance) with a stamping or pressing action applied to the surface of the tea and
uniformly maintained while the tea is gradually filled into the boxes.
According to one modification the improved apparatus comprises a large flat
table to which a jigging or vibratory motion is imparted by cams or wipers or
irregular bearing surfaces titted or formed on a rotating shaft or shafts, or by any
of the well known means applied to machines for filling sugar casks. One, two or
more boxes are placed on this table, and are gradually filled with tea from inclined
feeding hoppers or similar devices above, while the jigging or vibratory motion is
imparted to the boxes.
Immediately over the vibrating table and over the boxes placed on it is a
rotating shaft carried in bearings which are free to slide vertically, in guides
formed in standards or side frames. This cross shaft is fitted with a bumber of
eccentrics or cams to which are connected a corresponding number of heavy
stampers which are in length nearly equal to the breadth of the boxes into which
the tea is filled. Two or more stainpers and actuating eccentrics are provided for

page_text: each box, and the throw of the eccentrics is arranged so that the stampers are
pressed down in succession on to the surface of the tea in the boxes.
The upper surface of the stampers is by preference inclined so that the tea falling
on them may be directed from the angled surface of the one surface into the box,
and generally below the adjacent stamper. The full weight of the stampers, and of
the eccentrics and their carrying shaft presses upon the tea in the boxes, and as
they become filled, the cross shaft is gradually raised, the pressure remaining equal
throughout the entire operation. To provide for unequal filling of the boxes, the
sliding bearings of the eccentric shaft may be fitted loosely, so that the shaft may
assume a slightly inclined position. The driving of the eccentric shaft is effected
by means of a bevil wheel on its end in gear with a bevil wheel which is fitted to
slide freely on a vertical driving shaft, this sliding wheel being supported by a
bracket formed on or secured to the bearings of the eccentric shaft, so that the
bevil wheels are always kept in gear. The vertical driving shaft is actuated by
gearing from a counter shaft which may be provided with a hand crank, or.be
operated by motive power. The stampers are so connected to the eccentric spears
or rods that they may be readily removed and replaced by stampers of different
weight and size to suit any size of packing boxes.

page_text: L
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Carson and Samuel Robert Baildon' in the Patent Office
on the 28th March 1884.
ALEXANDER CARSON, of the town and County of Stirling, and SAMUEL ROBERT
BAILDON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR PACKING TEA OR SIMILAR SUBSTANCES INTO BOXES."
Our said Invention relates to improved apparatus for use in packing tea or
similar substances into boxes.
The improved apparatus is designed to combine a jigging or vibratory action
(which is imparted to the boxes to shake down and spread the tea or other
substance) with a stamping or pressing action applied to the surface of the tea and
uniformly maintained while the tea is gradually filled into the boxes.
In the accompanying Drawings, which illustrate various arrangements of tea
packing machines constructed in accordance with our Invention, Figure 1 is a
sectional side elevation, and Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section of one
modification adapted for packing two boxes simultaneously. Figure 3 is a sectional
side elevation, and Figure 4 a sectional end elevation of another modification.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal vertical section, and Figuro 6 an end elevation of a
modification of apparatus adapted for packing a single box at a time. Figure 7 is
a transverse vertical section, Figure 8 a longitudinal vortical section, and Figure 9
an end elevation of another modification of the improved apparatus adapted for
packing single boxes. The same reference letters are used to indicate in the
various figures, such parts of each machine as have the same or like functions.
According to the modification illustrated by Figures 1 and 2, the improved
apparatus comprises a large flat table A, to which a jigging or vibratory motion is
imparted by cams or wipers or irregular bearing surfaces b, fitted or formed on a
rotating shaft or shafts B, B. Two boxes C, C, are placed on this table and are
gradually filled with tea from inclined feeding hoppers or similar devices, which
may be arranged to deliver the tea, while the jigging or vibratory motion is
imparted to the boxes.
Immediately over the vibrating table A and over the boxes placed on it is a
rotating shaft D, carried in bearing bushes d, which are free to slide vertically in
guides E formed in standards or side frames F. This cross shaft D is fitted with
a number of eccentrics or cams G, G, arranged to produce a vertical reciprocating
movement of a corresponding number of straps or hoops H within which they are
fitted, and which straps are connected by rods H to heavy stampers I, which are
in length nearly equal to the breadth of the boxes C into which the tea is filled.
Two stampers and actuating eccentrics are provided for each box, and the position
of the eccentrics is so arranged that the stampers are pressed down in succession on
to the surface of the tea in the boxes.
The upper surface of the stampers I is by preference inclined, so that the tea
falling on them may be directed from the angled surfaces into the box, and
generally below the adjacent stamper. The full weight of the stampers I, and of
the eccentrics G, and their carrying shaft D presses upon the tea in the boxes; and
as the boxes become filled the cross shaft D is gradually raised, the pressure
remaining equal throughout the entire operation. To provide for unequal filling of
the boxes, the sliding bearing bushes à of the eccentric shaft D may be fitted
loosely, so that the shaft may assume a slightly inclined position. The driving of
the eccentric shaft D is effected by means of a bevel wheel J on its end, in gear
with a bevel wheel J' which is fitted to slide freely on a vertical driving shaft K,

page_text: this sliding wheel J' being supported by a bracket formed on or secured to the
bearings of the eccentric shaft D, so that the bevel wheels J, J, are always kept in
genr. The vertical driving shaft K is actuated by gearing L, L, from a counter
shaft M which may be provided with a haud crank, or be operated by motive-power.
The wiper shaft B is also actuated from the shaft K through bevel gearing B', B².
The stampers I are connected to the eccentric spears or rods H' or to the straps H,
by bolts and nuts or similar devices, so that they may be readily removed and
replaced by stainpers of different weight and size, to suit any size of packing boxes;
and the eccentric shaft may be raised and held up by means of cords e to admit of
the removal and replacing of the boxes. The requisite jigging or jolting motion for
shaking down the tea in the boxes, may be imparted to the table A, by any of the
well known devices employed in machines for filling sugar casks.
In the packing machine illustrated by Figures 3 and 4, a single stamper or
presser I is fitted in each box, and is arranged to rise by the jigging or jolting
motion of the table A carrying the box. The pressers are formed with openings
round the carrying rod H', and are narrower than the boxes, so that the tea may
readily find its way under them. When the jolting motion raises the boxes, the
pressers are lifted, and are retained or prevented from descending with the box, by
means of a pawl h which engages with teeth h¹ formed in the side of each rod
or bar H', the pawls being carried on brackets H2 which also serve to guide the
presser rods H. As the box desceuds, the tea passes round the sides and through
the openings in each stainper, and forms a loose layer which is pressed down by
the weight of the stamper I as the box rises, while the stamper is again raised to
a slight extent and retained by the pawl, there being an additional bulk of tea in
the box at each action. The jigging or jolting motion is imparted to the tables A
by means of cams or wipers N, acting through levers 0, 0¹, connected to a rocking
shaft P on which are fitted oscillating armis P¹ whose ends support the tables A.
The boxes are secured at the sides by clamps Q operated by right and left hand
screws R.
The arrangement of the machine represented in Figures 5 and 6 is somewhat
similar to that last described, the machine being however adapted for packing only
one box at a time. The presser I is carried by two vertical bars H' which are
guided by the framing at the top and by the wiper shaft B. The presser is retained
after each upward movement by an eccentric-acting friction plate h³ bearing on
each of the bars H.
The packing machine represented in Figures 7, 8, and 9, differs mainly from
those already described in regard to the mode of driving the stamper shaft D,
while permitting of its rising vertically with the stampers I. A rotating shaft M
which may be operated by a hand crank, or by a belt and pulley or other driving
gear, is fitted with a grooved pulley m round which is passed a rope or band mi
which also passes over guide rollers m² and round a grooved pulley d on the
shalt D, and thence round a weighted pulley n suspended by the rope or band and
serving to keep it tight. This arrangement for driving the shaft D is not interfered
with by the vertical motion of the shaft, which rises with the stampers as the box C
is filled. The shaft D is carried in bearings & fitted to slide vertically in guides E,
formed in the side frames, as in the modification illustrated by figures 1 and 2. The
stampers I are three in number, the central one only, having a reciprocating and
stamping action, while the side ones simply rise with the shaft and serve inerely as
pressers. The wiper shaft B is fitted directly below the jolting table A, and is
operated from the shaft M by a cord or band S and pulleys S'.
For convenience in moving them from place to place, the machines are provided
with carrying wheels.
Having now particularly described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is,
First. The combination, in apparatus for packing tea or similar substances into
boxes, of devices for imparting a jigging or vibratory motion to the boxes, and

page_text: means for stamping or pressing the surface of the material while being filled into
the boxes, substantially as herein set forth.
Second. The arrangements of apparatus herein described and illustrated for
packing tea or similar substances into boxes.
In Witness Whereof, we the said Alexander Carson, and Samuel Robert Baildon,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty-four.
Witness
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER C.E.
Fel. Inst. Patent Agents
96 Buchanan Street
Glasgow.
ALLAANDER CARSON (L.S.)
SAM R. BAILDON
(LS.)