IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS." A communication from abroad by Lebrecht
Steinmüller and Carl Steinmüller, both of Gummersbach," in the German
Empire.
Sealed the 17th November 1876, and dated the 18th September 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1876.
.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
«
This Invention has reference to an improved construction of steam boilers
whereby a perfect circulation of the water is attained, while the steam is separated
from the water in such a manner that it is rendered perfectly dry without the
necessity of superheating, and is also freed from solid impurities such as are fre-
quently carried with the steam in boilers of ordinary construction.
For this purpose there is constructed above the boiler a separate steam-tight
chamber which communicates at each end with the body of the boiler, the latter
being entirely filled with water, while the said chamber is partly filled with water
and partly with steam. The tube effecting the said communication at the one end
of the chamber is made to communicate with the water in the hottest part of the
boiler, while the tube at the other end communicates with the water in the cooler
part of the boiler. The first-named tube is made to rise within the chamber to
some height above its water level, and is there connected to one or more
horizontal tubes or shallow boxes that extend some distance along the steam space
of the chamber and have a number of small openings in the bottom surface, and
also a larger opening at the end. The communicating tube at the other end of the
chamber is made to terminate at or about the bottom surface thereof. The water
in the hottest part of the boiler being most charged with steam, and consequently
lighter than the other water, will rise in the first-named tube to above the level of
the water in the chamber, and will flow along the horizontal tube or box, whence
it will fall through the before-mentioned openings into the water space of the
chamber. As the water passes thus in a thin layer along the tube the steam will
readily separate therefrom, as also from the solid impurities contained therein, and
[Price 6d.]

page_text: in passing along the tube to the open end thereof it will become thoroughly dry
before issuing into the steam chamber; at the same time the water deprived of its
steam will descend from the bottom of the chamber through the second communi-
cating tube into the cooler part of the boiler. The greater part of the solid
impurities that are carried up from the boiler into the chamber above will be there
deposited, whence they can be withdrawn from time to time through a pipe at the
bottom of the chamber. In order to increase the efficacy of the before-mentioned
horizontal tube in separating and drying the steam its surface may be corrugated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
December 1876.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS." A communication
from abroad by Lebrecht Steinmüller and Carl Steinmüller, both of Gummersbach, in
the German Empire.
This Invention has reference to an improved construction of steam boilers
whereby a perfect circulation of the water is attained, while the steam is separated
from the water in such a manner that it is rendered perfectly dry without the
necessity of superheating, and is also freed from solid impurities such as are fre-
quently carried with the steam in boilers of ordinary construction.
For this purpose there is constructed above the boiler a separate steam-tight
chamber which communicates at each end with the body of the boiler, the latter
being entirely filled with water, while the said chamber partly filled with water
and partly with steam. The tube effecting the said communication at the one end
of the chamber is made to communicate with the water in the hottest part of the
boiler, while the tube at the other end communicates with the water in the cooler
part of the boiler. The first-named tube is made to rise within the chamber to
some height above its water-level, and is there connected to one or more horizontal
tubes or shallow boxes that extend some distance along the steam space of the
chamber and have a number of small openings in the bottom surface, and also a
larger opening at the end. The communicating tube at the other end of the cham-
ber is made to terminate at or about the bottom surface thereof. The water in the
hottest part of the boiler being most charged with steam, and consequently lighter
than the other water, will rise in the first-named tube to above the level of the
water in the chamber and will flow along the horizontal tube or box, whence it
will fall through the before-mentioned openings into the water space of the cham-
bor. As the water passes thus in a thin layer along the tube the steam will
readily separate therefrom, as also from the solid impurities contained therein, and
in passing along the tube to the open end thereof it will become thoroughly dry
before issuing into the steam chamber; at the same time the water deprived of its
steam will descend from the bottom of the chamber through the second communi-
cating tube into the cooler part of the boiler. The greater part of the solid impuri-
ties that are carried up from the boiler into the chamber above will be there
deposited, whence they can be withdrawn from time to time through a pipe at the
bottom of the chamber. In order to increase the efficacy of the before-mentioned
horizontal tube in separating and drying the steam its surface may be corrugated.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

page_text: Fig. 1 shews a longitudinal section; Fig. 2 a sectional plan; and Fig. 3 a trans-
verse section of a combined steam and water chamber B raised above the body of
the steam boiler (which may be of any suitable known construction), and communi-
cating by the tube a with the water in the hottest part of the boiler, while the
tube b communicates with the water in the cooler part of the boiler. The tube a
is carried up inside the chamber to some height above the water level, and is con-
nected to the horizontal rectangular tube X of considerable breadth in proportion
to its height, the tube a being spread out as shewn to correspond to that section.
The tube X is formed with corrugations and has a number of small holes in its
bottom surface. The hot water rising up the pipe a being charged with steam will,
as before explained, rise above the level of the cooler water in B, and in flowing
along the corrugated surface of X the steam will separate readily from the water
and issue in a dry condition from the end of the tube, while the water falls through
the perforations into the chamber B, whence it descends through the pipe b back
into the boiler. Any solid impurities carried up by the water will fall to the
bottom of the chamber and be carried off through the pipe c. y is the usual perfo-
rated steam pipe for taking off the steam from the chamber B so as to prevent
water from passing along with the steam when this is caused to flow off suddenly
at intervals; with the present Invention this pipe would not be required if a
constant discharge of steam takes place.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6 shew respectively a longitudinal section, a sectional plan, and a
transverse section of another modification in which the rising tube a branches to
either side so as to communicate with two small cylindrical horizontal tubes X, X,
through which the water and steam are made to flow.
Figs. 7, 8, and 9 shew respectively a longitudinal section, a sectional plan, and a
transverse section of another modification in which a single horizontal tube X is
used, having a narrow longitudinal slit through which the water descends into the
water space of the chamber.
Fig. 10 shews a vertical section of a complete steam boiler A with the above-
described Invention applied thereto.
It will be evident that the tubes X might be somewhat inclined instead of hori-
zontal.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents,
I claim-
First. Arranging the circulating pipe connected to the hottest part of a steam
boiler to rise above the water level of the boiler, where it discharges into one or
more horizontal or nearly horizontal tubes, along which the water is made to flow
so as to separate the steam therefrom before it descends into the water space, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Second. The use in combined steam and water chambers raised above the body
of the boiler of one or more horizontal or inclined tubes arranged in the steam
space into which the water is conveyed by a circulating pipe connected to the
hottest part of the boiler, and from which it falls through perforations or slits,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six
CHAS. D. ABEL. (L.S.)