Improvements in Metallurgical and other like Furnaces for Calcining, Reducing, Carbonising, and other purposes. ovens, kilns, muffles and the like
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Metallurgical and other like Furnaces for Calcining,
Reducing, Carbonising, and other purposes.
1, JOHN ARMITAGE DRAKE, of Ovenden, Halifax, in the County of York, Gas
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
This invention consists in a new construction and arrangement of furnaces
for heating ovens, kilns, muffles and the like.
16
i.
The form of metallurgical furnaces to which my invention is applied, is known
as generator or re-generator furnace, where the ovens or kilns are heated by
gaseous firing, the said furnace gas being obtained from coal, coke, or other
heat generator. The producer is for convenience sake placed between the
ovens or muffles to be heated, thereby obviating the necessity of sinking for
deep and costly substructure. The " producer is placed wholly inside the
front line of structure in which the ovens or kilus are placed, and they are of
such capacity as to make the full quantity of combustible gases required for
beating purposes. According to my construction of generator furnace, it will
be found necessary to recess part of the sides of the division walls, to allow for
the passage of furnace gases from the combustion chamber on the top of
producer- arch" to pass down in a zig zag manner in, round and about the
ovens, kilns, or muffles, to be heated whilst the gases are on their way to the
main or exit place, which is preferably arranged on the bottom of such oven or
9: and the
kiln. In the space formed in the inner back wall of the "producer
external wall of structure, I provide for the introduction of a secondary supply
of air to pass through a series of tubes arranged longitudinally from front to
back or crosswise, so as to enable the air, to become very highly heated by contact
with the walls forming such chambers. A special arrangement of regenerative
Hlues may be placed in this chamber, where and when recuperative results are
desired according to circumstances, and their requirements. It may be necessary
in shallow combinations to place the regenerative flues under or by the sides
of the ovens or kilns instead of in the chamber previously mentioned.

page_text: Improvements in Metallurgical and other like Furnaces for Calcining,
Reducing, Carbonising, and other purposes.
I, JOHN ARMITAGE DRAKE, of Ovenden, Halifax, in the County of York, Gas
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention consists in a new construction and arrangement of furnaces
for heating ovens, kilns, muffles, and the like. The form of metallurgical furnace
to which my invention is applied, is known as a generator or re-generator
furnace, where the ovens or kilns are heated by gaseous firing, the said furnace
gas being obtained from coal, coke, or other heat generator. The producer is
for convenience sake placed between the ovens or muffles to be heated, thereby
avoiding the necessity of sinking for deep and costly sub-structure. The producer
is placed wholly inside the front line of the structure in which the ovens or
kilns are placed, and is of such capacity as to make the full quantity of com-
bustible gases required for heating purposes. According to my construction of
generator furnace, I recess part of the sides of the division walls, to allow for
the passage of furnace gases from the combustion chamber on the top of the
producer arch in a zig-zag manner in, round, and about the ovens, kilus, or
muffles, to be heated, whilst the gases are on their way to the main or exit place,
which is preferably arranged either on the top or at the bottom of such oven
or kiln, as may be found most convenient. In the space formed between the
inner back wall of the producer and the external wall of the structure, I provide
for the introduction of a supply of secondary air to pass through or around a
series of tubes arranged longitudinally from front to back or crosswise, so as to
enable the air to become very highly heated by contact with the walls forming
such chambers. A special arrangement of re-generative flues may be placed in
this chamber, where and when recuperative results are desired according to
circumstances and their requirements.
In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention,
Fig. 1 is sectional front elevation of my improved construction of furnace taken
on line A, A, of Fig. 3;
Fig. 2 is sectional front elevation taken on line B, B, of Fig. 3; and
Fig. 3 is longitudinal section taken on line C, C, of Fig. 1.
Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are sectional plan views taken respectively on lines D, D,
E, E, F, F, and G, G, of Fig. 1.
Referring to the drawings, letter a represents the producer or furnace proper,
which is for convenience sake placed between the ovens, muffles, or kilns, b,
which are to be heated. The placing of the producer in this position, that is to
say central of or between the parts in the heating of which the combustible
gases produced by said furnace are to be employed, obviates the necessity for
the large expenditure entailed in sinking or excavating for a deep and costly
sub-structure. The producer is placed, as shewn, entirely within the front
line of the structure in which the ovens, muffles, or kilns & are placed, and it is of
such a capacity as to produce the full quantity of gases required for ensuring
perfect combustion for heating purposes.
From the producer the furnace gases pass by way of radial openings a¹ in
the producer arch into the combustion chamber c, where they meet the heated
secondary air supplies and combustion takes place. From the combustion
chamber the heated products of combustion make their way down passages d

page_text: (see Figs. 4, 5, and 6) in a zig-zag manner down, round, and about the ovens,
muffles, or kilns to heat same the division walls being recessed as shewn
to admit of the free passage of said gases. After the heated products of combus-
tion have performed their work upon the last or bottom oven or kiln they
pass from the openings or recesses into chambers e, whence they are conducted
through a recuperative arrangement of the type described and shewn in the
Specification and drawings of prior Letters Patent granted to me on the 14th day
of March 1898, No. 6160, which comprises a series of re-generator Hues or tubes /
placed in the space formed between the internal back wall (Fig. 3) of the
zurnace or producer, and the external wally of the structure and preferably
immediately behind the producer. The furnace gases traverse through the
re-generator flues or tubes f in a zig-zag manner from back to front and front
to back of said tubes as indicated by the arrows so that the whole surface thereof
becomes very highly heated. After leaving the last or uppermost recuperator
flue the furnace gases pass by way of the flue to the main exit flue i, which
is at the top of the setting, but if preferred or it more convenient may be
arranged at the base of the structure. The object of traversing the products of
combustion after performing their work in heating the ovens or kilns b, through
the tubes or fluos f, is to utilise the waste heat of said gases in heating a supply
of secondary air. This secondary air is herein shewn as being drawn in at the
rear of the structure, passing firstly into a chamber or box k, admission to which
is controlled by suitable sliding doors or valves and thence along channels
or conduits m each of which opens at its inner end into a separate and indepen-
dent air passage up which the secondary air passes in a zig-zag manner up and
around the recuperative tubes f in the direction of the arrows (Fig. 2) until in a
highly heated condition it finally reaches the chamber o built on the crown of
the producer arch whence it passes through lateral openings or passages of
communication into the combustion chamber c where it meets the furnace
gases emerging from the producer a through openings a' and combustion ensues.
The separate air passages are formed by the supporting walls which are made
solid from side to side of the recuperative chamber. If desired wedge shaped
blocks may be employed to control the area of the channels m or each channel
or conduit m may be continued to the back of the structure and provided with
a separate sliding door or valve to control the area of same and consequently
the admission of secondary air to its corresponding air passage n. By this means
a regulated supply of secondary air is obtained from front to back of the recupe-
rator tubes whereby local heating of the parts is prevented.
As an alternative, the secondary air supplies may pass through the recuperator
tubes instead of around same and the waste products of combustion caused
to make their exit through the openings or spaces around the tubes f. In
shallow combinations it may be found necessary to place the recuperator Hues or
tubes underneath or by the sides of the ovens, muffles, or kilns b, instead of
placing them in a chamber between the rear internal wall of the producer
and the rear external wall g of the structure as herein shewn.
If desired the recuperator flues or tubes may be omitted, and the furnace
used as a simple generator, in which case the products of combustion after
heating the ovens or kilns would be allowed to pass away direct the main or
exit flue.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
(1) A metallurgical furnace for caleining, reducing, carbonising, and other
purposes, having the producer placed in a position central of, or between, and
separating, the ovena or kilns to be heated, whereby sinking for sub-structure
is avoided, substantially as herein shewn and described.
(2) The general arrangement, and combination, of parts comprising the berein

page_text: described improvements in regenerative furnaces for calcining, reducing, car-
bonising, and analogous purposes, substantially as set forth, and shewn in the
drawings.
Dated this 11th day of December 1900
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Halifax, Agents for Applicant.