IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOSEPH RAYNER, M.A. of High Street, New Sharlston, near Wakefield in
the County of York, Underviewer do. hereby declare the nature of said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS" to be as follows:-
The principal object of my invention is to construct a safety lamp in such
a manner that the flame from the wick and the ignited gases within the gauze can
be shut off from the outer surrounding atmosphere and extinguished by the same
operation. The lamp is further arranged so that the lamp top cannot be removed
without extinguishing the flame.
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My improvements are applicable to safety lamps generally such as those known
as the "Davy Stephenson Clanny " Menseler" and others.
According to my Invention the framework whereby the lamp is carried is
attached to the vessel containing the oil instead of to the gauze ring as heretofore
and instead of attaching the loop to a ring in the centre of the top plate I attach it
to the outer edges of the top ring to which the vertical bars are fastened. This
arrangement is to prevent the loop from becoming too hot as is the case when it is
attached to the centre of the top plate.
I surround the gauze chimney with a sheet metal cylinder open at one side for
the passage of light from the interior. Outside this metal cylinder I fit another
sheet metal cylinder also having an opening for the passage of light. The outer
cylinder is so arranged that it can be turned round to cover the opening in the inner
cylinder and in connection with this movement I provide a catch arrangement, this
being so arranged in connection with the outer cylinder and botton ring and oil
vessel that it cannot be released and the gauze removed until the outer cylinder has
been turned round so as to close the opening in the inner cylinder by which
operation the flame is extinguished within the gauze and the catch released. The
gauze cylinder can be used open at the top; in this case the inner cylinder is
closed at the top.
In order to give more time to extinguish the flame it may be found necessary in
some cases to provide a thumb screw over the catch which can only be turned when
the gauze is covered by the outer cylinder in the manner above described, and by
the turning of such screw the catch releases the bottom ring from the outer
cylinder, after which the lamp may be opened.

page_text: In order to regulate the length of and to snuff the wick I fit a tube outside the
ordinary wick tube such tube having applied within it, a pin, which on the outer
tube being turned is caused to rise and fall by means of a spiral slot in the wick
tube, through which it passes into the wick. The required rotary movement is
imparted to the internal tube by a pinion gearing into a wheel attached thereto.
The pinion is mounted on a hollow spindle which passes through the oil vessel; to
the under side and through the hollow spindle I pass a wire on the upper end of
which a hooked piece is provided, and, by turning the vertical wire, the hooked
piece is caused to pass over the wick thereby knocking off the whole of the burnt
part.

page_text: I JOSEPH RAYNER, M. A. of High Street New Sharlston near Wakefield in the
County of York Underviewer do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The principal object of my invention is to construct a safety lamp in such a
manner that the flame from the wick and the ignited gases within the gauze can
be shut off from the outer surrounding atmosphere and extinguished by the same
operation.
The lamp is further arranged so that the lamp top cannot be removed without
extinguishing the flame.
My improvements are applicable to safety lamps generally such as those known
as the "Davy" Stephenson Clanny" Menseler" and others.
»
According to my Invention the framework whereby the lamp is carried is
attached to the vessel containing the oil, instead of to the gauze ring as heretofore
and instead of attaching the loop to a ring in the centre of the top plate I attach it.
to the outer edges of the top ring to which the vertical bars are fastened. This
arrangement is to prevent the loop from becoming too hot as is the case when it is
attached to the centre of the top plate.
I surround the gauze chimney with a sheet metal cylinder open at one side for
the passage of light from the interior.
Outside this metal cylinder I fit another..
sheet metal cylinder also having an opening for the passage of light. The outer
cylinder is so arranged that it can be turned round to cover the opening in the
inner cylinder and in connection with this movement I provide a catch arrangement,
this being so arranged in connection with the outer cylinder and bottom ring and
oil vessel that it cannot be released and the gauze removed until the outer cylinder
has been turned round so as to close the opening in the inner cylinder by which.
operation the flame is extinguished within the gauze and the catch released.
The gauze cylinder can be used open at the top, in this case the inner cylinder is
closed at the top.
In order to give more time to extinguish the flame it may be found necessary in
some cases to provide a thumb screw over the catch which can only be turned
when the gauze is covered by the outer cylinder in the manner above described and
by the turning of such screw the catch releases the bottom ring from the outer
cylinder after which the lamp may be opened.
And in order that my invention may be more completely understood reference is
given to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig 1 is an elevation Fig 2 a transverse section, Fig 3 a sectional plan, Fig 4
an elevation of detail to be described hereafter

page_text: heretofore, and instead of attaching the loop 6 to a ring in the centre of the top
plate I attached it to the outer edges of the top ring c to which the vertical
bars c¹ are fastened, these combined form the aforesaid framework.
The above arrangement of attaching the loop b is to prevent it from becoming too
hot for the hand-as is generally the case when it is attached to the centre of the top.
plate, I surround the gauze chimney d with a sheet metal cylinder e having
opening fat one side for the passage of light, from the interior into this opening I
fit a piece of glass g.. When this lamp is used for testing the gas the glass may be
dispensed with or a narrow opening a little way from the larger opening ƒ may
be employed, such narrow opening h not being covered with glass as shewn at Fig 4.
Outside the aforesaid metal cylinder e I closely fit another metal cylinder i having
a corresponding opening therein to that of the inner cylinder e for the passage
of light. The outer cylinder i is so arranged that it can be turned round on the
inner cylinder e to cover the openings therein, and in connection with this
movement I provide a catch arrangement k which affectually prevents the lamp top
being screwed off until the set screw in the flange m in the outer cylinder i has
been screwed through the flange n of the inner cylinder e and forced down the
catch clear of the underneath part of the flange n of the inner cylinder e. This
being done the top of the lamp can be screwed off the oil vessel a.
The catch arrangement is so placed that the set screw I cannot operate thereon
until the outer cylinder is turned round and covering the openings in inner
cylinder e at the same time stopping admission of air into the interior by closing
the ventilation holes p simultaneously closing the opening for light thus causing
the light to go out before the man would have time to unscrew the top part from
the oil vessel a.
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The ventilation holes may be in the upper part of cylinders as shewn or in any
convenient position therein for the proper admission of air to the lamp, the holes in
the outer cylinder i being so arranged with regard to those of the inner cylinder c
that they are entirely closed when the screw comes in position shewn in the
drawings over the catch arrangement k.
I employ any suitable means for regulating the wick.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st The arrangement and application of the cylinders e and i substantially as
and for purposes herein setforth.
2nd The catch and cylinders e and i so arranged in combination that the gauze
chimney cannot be removed without extinguishing the light.
3rd The arrangement and construction of the parts forming the framework and
the mode of attaching the loop to such framework substantially as and for purposes
herein setforth.
Doted this Sirth day of February 1985