IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLS OF SPINNING, DRAWING, AND OTHER MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLS OF SPINNING, DRAWING, AND
OTHER MACHINES."-A communication from abroad by Edward Living-
ston Perry, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
Sealed the 2nd April 1867, and dated the 1st December 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st December 1866.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLS OF SPINNING, DRAWING, AND
OTHER MACHINES," to be as follows:-
..In the covering of rolls for spinning and other machines used in the
manufacture of cotton and woollen goods or fabrics more particularly it has
been generally the practice and custom to first secure to and about the rolls,
by means of glue, cement, or other suitable adhesive material, a coating or
layer of felt, and over such felt covering a cot or covering made of leather was
then tightly drawn; but with the rolls covered or "cotted," as has been
above stated, it has been found by experience that such cot or covering soon

page_text: became fluted or corrugated in consequence of the pressure of the fluted roller
that runs in contact with it, which by acting through the leather upon the
felt below or under the same gradually so ground and wore such felt away as.
to finally loosen the leather to such a degree that it would slip around upon
the roll and thus render it unfit for further use, requiring it to be removed
and a new or fresh one to be applied.
The present Invention consists in forming a "cot" or covering for the rolls
of spinning and other machines of three or more separate layers or thicknesses
of material secured or united together by means of cement, glue, or otherwise,
either independent of the roll on which the cot is to be used or directly upon
the same. The outer one of these three layers constituting the cot is com-
posed of any substance or material, such as, for instance, leather which will
present a pliable surface to the yarn or strands so as to allow the fluted roller
to "nip" or hold the strands without danger of cutting or severing them, and
the next layer to such outer covering or layer of leather is composed of india-
rubber, gutta percha, or any other suitable elastic material which will form a
backing to the leather or outer layer of the roll, the layer between such elastic
layer or section and the surface or periphery of the roll being composed of
leather, felt, or other material suitable to give not only a "body" to the cot
or covering for the roll without detracting in the least from its operation but
also to raise the layer of elastic substance, especially if it is composed of
india-rubber or gutta percha sufficiently above or away from the roll to
obviate all possibility of its becoming decomposed or softened by the action of
the oil or other lubricating medium employed for the rolls thereon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th May 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,

page_text: the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROLLS OF SPINNING, DRAWING, AND OTHER MACHINES," being a commu-
nication to me from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and 'ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
In the covering of rolls for spinning and other machines used in the manu-
facture of cotton and woollen goods or fabrics more particularly it has been
generally the practice and custom to first secure to and about the rolls, by
means of glue, cement, or other suitable adhesive material, a coating or layer
of felt, and over such felt covering a cot or covering made of leather was then
tightly drawn; but with the rolls covered or "cotted," as has been above
stated, it has been found by experience that such cot or covering soon became
fluted or corrugated in consequence of the pressure of the fluted roller that
runs in contact with it, which by acting through the leather upon the felt
below or under the same gradually so ground and wore such felt away as to
finally loosen the leather to such a degree that it would slip around upon the
roll and thus render it unfit for further use, and requiring it to be removed,
and a new or fresh one to be applied.
Various attempts have been made to overcome these objections and incou-
veniences resulting from the use of a felt and leather covering combined upon
and applied to the rolls as above stated.
According to one plan in lieu of using felt next to the roll india-rubber or
gutta percha was employed by applying it directly to the same where it was
vulcanized and afterwards turned off true when over it the leather cot or
covering was drawn. The disadvantages of this mode found by practice and
use resulted mainly from the fact that as the rubber was vulcanized on the roll

page_text: it consequently caused much inconvenience and annoyance to cotton manu-
facturers, and furthermore as the rubber was next to the roll the oil employed
as the lubricating medium for the bearings of the rolls soon decomposed or
softened the rubber or gutta percha (where it was exposed at the ends of the
rolls) to such an extent as to render the surface of the roll cot so uneven from
end to end as to be inefficient in operation.
By the present Invention all the objections and defects which have been
berein-above enumerated are successfully overcome and obviated.
The Invention consists in forming a "cot" or covering for the rolls of spinning
and other machines of three or more separate layers or thicknesses of material
secured or united together by means of cement, glue, or other suitable adhesive
material, or in any other proper manner either independent of the roll on which
the cot is to be used or directly upon the same. The outer one of these three
layers constituting the cot is composed of any substance or material, such as
for instance leather, which (while it is durable) will present a surface to the
yarn or strands (which pass over the same) sufficiently pliable, flexible, and
yielding to allow the fluted roller to "nip," as it were, or hold the strands
without danger of cutting or severing them, and the next layer to such outer
covering or layer of leather is composed of india-rubber, gutta percha, or any
of their respective elastic compounds, or any other suitable elastic material
which will form a backing to the leather or outer layer of the roll, and
possessing sufficient elasticity to enable the leather to resist the action of the
fluted roller upon it, while at the same time it will hold the leather to its work
with the proper degree of firmness. The layer between such elastic layer or
section, and the surface or periphery of the roll, is composed of leather, felt,
or other material suitable to give not only a "body" to the cot or covering
for the roll without detracting in the least from its operation, but also to raise
the layer of elastic substance especially if it is composed of india-rubber or gutta
percha sufficiently above or away from the roll to obviate all possibility of its
becoming decomposed or softened by the action of the oil or other lubricating
material employed for the rolls thereon.
In the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 is a cross section of the improved
covering for rolls made up into the form of a cot; Fig. 2 is a section
through the several layers of materials constituting the cot before being made
in the form of a cot, and Fig. 3 is a similar section to Fig. 2 to be herein-
after referred to.
A represents the improved cot or covering for rolls which in the present
instance is shown as composed of three layers or thicknesses of material, the inner
and outer layers marked a and b respectively being made of leather, and the

page_text: middle or intermediate one marked c of india-rubber, gutta percha, or other
suitable elastic material.
To produce the cot in the form shown in Fig. 1 or ready for being secured
upon a roll the several layers of which it is to be made are first united
together by cement, glue, or in any other proper manner in the order or
form described, when having vulcanized the india-rubber to the proper
degree), the material is cut to the requisite length and width for the roll
on which it is to be used, after which its edges are bevilled or shaved
down, and then brought together by bending the material up into the form
of a tube, and there securing them by cement, glue, or any other suitable
adhesive material, as shown in Fig. 1, when the cot is
ready for use and
for being secured to and upon the roll on which it has been made.
In Fig. 2, in lieu of making the inner coating or layer of the cot of leather
it is shown as made of felt, and in Fig. 3, in lieu of rubber being used for
the intermediate or centre layer felt is employed, the same results being
secured in either case. In the above detailed description I have mentioned
certain materials as employed for the cot, but I do not wish to confine myself
to the particular materials mentioned as the Invention consists in the manu-
facture of a cot or covering for rolls of three or more layers of such materials
which joined together will produce a cot having the distinctive features or
characteristics herein above particularly stated.
Having now described the Invention which has been communicatad to me
as aforesaid, and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, a
cot or covering for rolls of spinning or other machines made or composed of
three or more separate layers or thicknesses joined together, with each layer
or thickness having the properties or characteristics herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.s.)