Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1898-Accepted, 30th July, 1898
Improvements in Type-writing Machines.
A communication from abroad by THADDEUS CAHILL, of New York City, State of
New York, United States of America, Counsellor at Law
I, JOHN EDWARD LLOYD BARNES, of the firm of Sloan & Lloyd Barnes, of Castle
Chambers, 26, Castle Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to type-writing machines.
The objects of my invention are:-
First. To make an improved form of permutational type-bar-selecting device.
Second. To make a simple and practicable permutational type-bar-selecting
device, in which a single motor device shall serve to impel a whole set of type-
bars, each type-bar as required, and,
Third. To make a simple, cheap and durable type-writer adapted to print letters
two at a time by means of two sets of type-bars.
And my invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described and par-
ticularly pointed out in the paragraphs of claim at the end hereof.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, through a type-writing machine
constructed according to my invention, the plane of section being transverse to the
keys and parallel with the length of the platen or paper-roll.
Figure 1 is a detail plan view, illustrating the two sets of type-bars hereinafter
described.
Figure 1 is a detail view, partly in section, partly in elevation, illustrating two
type-bars, belonging one to the right-hand-controlled set and the other to the left-
hand controlled set, striking simultaneously to their respective printing points.
Figure 2 is a detail sectional elevation, in a plane parallel to the plane of
Figure 1, but nearer to the front of the machine, illustrating certain portions of
the mechanism not appearing in or omitted from. Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, in a plane transverse to the plane
of the preceding figures, illustrating certain portions of my type-writing machine.
Figure 4 is a detail sectional view, on the line 4, 4, Figure 1, partly in plan,
illustrating (a) the two sets of radially-disposed levers f, f, etc., corresponding
respectively to, and connected respectively with the different type-bars of the two
sets; (b) the two sets of group-controlling levers as e¹, e², e³, etc., with the two sets
of pins 1, 2, 3, etc., and the carriers K, K, wherein said pins are mounted, to
oscillate intermediate the group-controlling levers e¹, e², e³, etc., and the radially-
disposed type-bar-connected levers f, f, aforesaid; the group-controlling
levers e¹, e, e, etc., being in part broken away.
Figure 5 is a detail sectional view on the line 5, 5, Figure 1, illustrating the two
sets of group-controlling levers e¹, e², e³, etc., e¹, e², e³, with their ends made seg-
mental and arranged arc-fashion, with the pins controlled by said group-controlling

page_text: levers seen in section, in their normal positions; the pin-carriers K, K, being seen
in plan but partly broken away.
Figure 6 is a plan view showing the two sets of keys and certain other parts of
the mechanism; the columns 3", 3", 3", that support the central ring hereinafter
described being seen in section, as also the vertical arms of the bell-cranks F, F,
13, etc., controlled by the two sets of keys; and in this figure the circuit-closing
frames 18, 18, and the rock-shaft He with its arms H, Hand H³, operated by
the space keys G, G, are shown in dotted lines as they lie underneath the keys;
the rock-shatt Hot, indeed, with its arms Ho, H60 and H, lie underneath the bed-
plate, as well as underneath the keys.
Figure 7 is a detail, a plan view, of the oscillating segmental pin carriers, and
the means by which they are mounted and by which they are arrested in their
normal and in their extreme positions.
Figure 8 is a detail, a sectional view, partly in elevation, on the line 8, 8,
Figure 7.
Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12 are detail views, illustrating the driving mechanism for
the oscillating segmental pin-carriers, shown in plan in Figure 7, with a portion
of the stop-mechanism therefor; Figure 9 is a top view; Figure 10 is a side
elevation, partly in section, illustrating the right-hand-controlled driving and stop
mechanism, that serves for the left-hand one of the carriers K, K; Figure 11 is a
similar view, illustrating the left-hand-controlled driving and stop mechanism that
serves for the right hand one of the carriers K, K, and Figure 12 is an elevation
illustrating the casting or standard 64, which supports the rod that serves as a pivot
for the stops 61, and 62, hereinafter described;
Figure 13 is a detail, a rear elevation, partly in section, illustrating the spacing
mechanism.
Figure 14 is a longitudinal vertical section, partly in elevation, illustrating the
general construction of the more important portions of the main frame, the bed-
plate being broken away in front.
Figure 15 is a detail, partly in section, partly in plan, on the line 15, 15,
Figure 14;
Figure 16 is a perspective detail, illustrating certain portions of the mechanism
hereinafter described;
Figure 17 is a diagrammatic detail view, partly in section, partly in elevation,
illustrating the arrangement of the electrical circuits.
Figures 18, 19 and 20 illustrate a modified construction and will be described
more at length hereinafter.
In all the drawings, I endeavour to show the essential parts of the device and
the essential features of the invention; rather than those minor details of con-
struction, which belong solely to mechanical skill and which every constructor
varies, within wide limits, to suit his own ideas. In many of the figures, some of
the parts that would appear in a geometrical projection, are omitted, either to expose
other parts to view, or to avoid obscuring the drawings with a multiplicity of lines.
Some of the figures, indeed are quite diagrammatic, showing rather the idea and
principle of construction than the minute mechanical details of it. This is par-
ticularly true of Figures 16, 17 and 18.
It is the form of machine illustrated in Figures 1 to 17 inclusive, I wish it to be
very clearly understood, of the different forms of machines illustrated in the draw-
ings, that I recommend to the public. The other type of machine shown in
Figures 18, 19 and 20 in illustration of certain broad features of my invention, is
shown in order to put the public in as full possession of the invention as I myself
am; but such modified construction, represented in said figures, I consider to be
more expensive to build and less neat and compact when built than the form of
machine illustrated in Figures 1 to 17, which I again repeat is the one that I recom-
mend to the public for the carrying out of my invention.
I will first describe the machine illustrated in Figures 1 to 17. This machine
consists essentially of (A) two sets of type-bars, the type-bars of each set striking

page_text: to a printing point common to the type-bars of such set; the printing points of
the two sets of type-bars being preferably distinct from but adjacent to each other,
as clearly illustrated in Figures 1, 1 and 1"; (B) two permutational type-bar-
selecting devices one for operating each set of type-bars; each of said permutational
type-bar selecting devices including (a) a single motor device acting to impel all the
type-bars of the set to which it corresponds, each type-bar as required; (b) keys less
in number than the type-bars of the set controlled by such keys, and (e) means con-
trolled by said keys, whereby each type-bar is connected with the motor device
aforesaid, each as required; (C) a paper carriage, which may be of any suitable
kind or construction; (D) spacing mechanism, hereinafter fully described; and
(E) the usual minor details and auxiliary parts such as the inter-linear spacing
devices, the ribbon and ribbon-feeding mechanism; the alarm bell, etc., and other
minor details, all of which may be of any suitable kind; and of each of which
several varieties are known in the art; and which, as they form no part of my present
invention, I shall not burden this specification with any description of them, nor
are they illustrated in the drawings.
OF THE MAIN FRAME.
The principal portions of the main frame, as illustrated in the drawings (see
particularly Figures 14 and 15), are (a) a bed plate 1; (b) a top-plate 2; and (c) a
central ring 40, supported by three columns 3ª, 3ª, 3ª, rising from the bed-plate,
and having projections 40, 40, 40, 40%, carrying four other columns 3b, 3b, 3b, 3b,
which rise to support the top-plate 2.
OF THE TWO SETS OF TYPE-BARS.
See Figures 1, 1, and 1. To the top-plate 2 is attached by screws a ring 2, to
which the hangers a0, a10, of the type-bars a, a, a, a, are attached by screws in the
usual fashion. There are two sets of type-bars. The bars of the one set,
marked a, a, strike to the printing point A, Figure 1: the bars of the other set,
marked a, a, strike to the adjacent printing point A¹.
OF THE PERMUTATIONAL TYPE-BAR-SELECTING DEVICES.
See Figures 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. There are two of these devices, one for operat-
ing the set of type-bars a, a; the other for operating the set of type-bars a', a¹.
The two permutational type-bar-selecting devices are similar one to another, so that
a description of one is a description of both. Let us first describe the permutational
type-bar-selecting device to which the right hand set of keys belongs and which
operates the set of type-bars a, a, occupying the left-most half of the type-bar-
circle. The principal parts of this device are as follows, to wit:
(a) A set of levers f, f, f, etc., corresponding to the type-bars,
a. Said
levers f, f, are fulcrumed by means of hangers 41, 41, screwed fast to the fulcrum.
ring 42, which latter is screwed fast to the central ring 40; and each of said
levers f, f, etc., is connected by a coupling 43 and a pull-down wire h with the
corresponding type-bar a. The lower end of the pull-down wire his threaded and
passes through a non-threaded hole in the horizontal arm of the coupling 43, being
adjustable therein by means of two lock-nuts 44. 44. lying one above and the other
below said horizontal arm of the coupling 43. Guide pins 9, 9*, set in the central
ring 40, serve to keep the levers f, f, etc., in their proper radial positions. Con-
tractile springs f. f, each having one end attached to the corresponding coup-
ling 43 and the other end attached to a shelf formed on the type-bar-stop ring
serve to hold the levers f. f., etc., and the type-bars connected therewith in their
normal positions, with the type-bars resting against the felted interior of the
ype-bar-stop ring a
(b) A motor device, acting to impel all the type-bars of a set, each type-bars as
required. The form of motor device that I prefer to use is an electro-magnet,
as E10 in the drawings, having a soft iron core E13 and a soft iron armature Eni
connected to the arm E of the motor frame E12, which latter is centered at Ets (by
means of steel centers E1, E2 supported respectively by the standards E2 and Ess,

page_text: which rise from the bed-plate 1), and rests normally down upon the felted stop-
bar E. But most obviously any other suitable form of electro-magnet might be
used instead of that shown; and further, some other. form of motor device, not
being an electro-magnet, could doubtless be substituted (with corresponding
variations in other parts of the device), for the electro-magnet shown.
(c) A plurality of group-controlling levers, as e, e', e², cs, es, es, ef and c², cach
adapted to control a different group of the levers f, f, and the type-bars connected
therewith. The group-controlling levers e, e', e², e³, etc., are centered by means of
a rod 45 set in the casting 46, which is screwed to the bed-plate and is milled out
to receive the different levers e, e¹, e², etc. The free ends of the levers e,
e¹, e², etc., are furnished with segmental pieces all of which taken
together, constitute a semi-circle
shown in Figure 5, correspond-
ing to the semi-circle which the inner ends of the radially-disposed levers f, f,
(connected with and corresponding to the type-bars a, a) forin, all of which clearly
appears in the drawings. Arms 47, extending from the casting 46 towards the
center of the machine, support a bar 48, on which the group-controlling levers e,
el, e, etc., normally rest.
as
(d) A plurality of pins k, k¹, k², k³, k^, k³, k and k² (with the semi-circular
carrier K, wherein said pins are mounted), corresponding respectively to the group-
controlling levers e, e¹, e², e³, et, e³, e and e aforesaid. Each of said pins lies above
the segmental part of the group-controlling lever which corresponds to it and below
the levers f, ff, f, controlled by such group-controlling lever, and traverses
over its own group-controlling lever to bring the same into operative relation with
the different levers f, f, etc., of the group controlled by it; and serves to transmit
movement from such group-controlling lever to the proper one of the levers f,
ff, f. Each of the pins k, k, E, F, E, and slides freely in the direc-
tion of its own length in the carrier K, and is furnished with a collar and an
expansive spring 9, whereby the pin is held in and returned to its normal position,
with the collar 8 resting down upon the lower flange of the carrier K.
(e) Connections hereinafter described between the group-controlling levers e, e',
e, e, e, e, e and e" and the motor frame E12, controlled by a group of keys (as C₁,
C³, C3, C4, C5, C and C7) adapted to be operated by the fingers (as distinguished
from the thumb) of one hand of the operator; whereby the group-controlling
levers e, e¹, e², etc., are connected, each as required, with the motor frame E¹ and
motor magnet E10; and,
(f) Means, controlled by a group of keys as B1, B2, and B, adapted to be operated
normally and conveniently by the thunib of one hand, whereby the carrier K is
shifted to bring the pins 1, 2, 3, etc. (each of which, it will be understood, remains
always in operative relation with the corresponding group-controlling lever e¹, e², e³,
etc.), into operative relation each to the different levers f, f, f, f, of the groups
controlled by them, thereby to connect the different type-bars of the corresponding
groups with the motor device aforesaid.
The connections between the different group-controlling levers e, el, e², etc., and
the motor frame E12, which connections are controlled by the keys C1, C2, C3, C4,
C5, C and C are as follows, to wit:
•
To the group-controlling levers e, el, e², e³, e4 e5, ef and e respectively are pivoted
push-pieces E, E¹, E², E³, E³, E, E and E' respectively: of which the push-piece E
lies normally over the motor frame E13 in such a position that said frame cannot
be moved positively without moving the push-piece E, and the group-controlling
lever e with which it is connected while the other push-pieces E', E. E³, E, ES,
E and Elie normally clear of said motor frame E12, so that said frame can move
without affecting them. When moved from its normal position, the push-piece E
moves away from the motor frame E¹ to escape being moved thereby; while the
push-pieces E, E³, E³, E‘, E³, Eº and E7 each when moved from its normal position,
moves over said motor frame E, into operative relation therewith, so that it is
moved thereby. Pivoted upon rod 49 (which rod passes through a hole drilled in
the bar 49, which bar is milled out to receive the bell-cranks hereinafter described),

page_text: is a set of bell-cranks F¹, F³, F³, F4, F³, F6 and F7 which correspond respectively
with the keys C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 and C, and with the group-controlling levers e,
ea, e, e, es, e and e, and each of said bell-cranks has its horizontal arm overlying
an adjustable screw 49b carried by one of the keys aforesaid; while its vertical
arm is connected by a link 50 with one of the push-ups (E¹, E, E³, E+, F³, 16
or E, as the case may be) connected with the corresponding group-controlling
levers e¹, e³, e³, et, e, e or e', as the case may be. In a word, the bell-cranks F1, F2,
F, F, F, F and F7 respectively with their links 50, 50, etc., are connections
interposed between the keys C, C, C3, C4, C5, C and C7 respectively and the push
pieces E, E², E3, E, E, E and E respectively; whereby each of the keys C¹. C²,
C3, C4, C5, C6 and C respectively, when depressed, throws the push-piece (F1, F2, F³,
F, F, For F7, as the case may be) connected with the group-controlling lever (el, e²,
e, es, e, e or e, as the case may be) corresponding to it, over the motor frame E;
so that (the circuit of the motor-magnet E10 being closed at the same time, by
means hereinafter fully described;) said motor-frame gives movement to the group-
controlling lever (e¹, e², e³, et, e³, ei or e7,) corresponding to the finger key (C', C2,
C3, C4, C5, C6 or 07, as the case may be) depressed. The effect, then, of depressing
the key is to connect the group-controlling lever el with the motor frame E¹ and
motor magnet E, so that it receives movement therefrom; the key C², when de-
pressed connects the group-controlling lever e² with the motor frame E12 and motor
magnet E10; and so, in like manner, the keys C3, C4, C5, C and C respectively,
when depressed, connect the group-controlling levers e³, et, e³, e and e' respectively
with said frame E12 and motor-magnet E10, so that movement is given by them to
the group-controlling lever connected with them. The arrangement of the cir-
cuits, whereby the keys control the motor magnet E10 will be described herein-
after. It is sufficient here to emphasize the fact that the depressing of any of the
finger-keys C1, C2, C3, C4, C, C or C7, by the operator, causes the corresponding
group-controlling lever e', e², e³, et, es, e or e7 to be connected with the motor
frame E and motor magnet E10, so that movement is imparted by said motor-
magnet E and motor frame E¹³ to the group-controlling lever thus connected
with them.
It has already been remarked that while the push-pieces E, E³, E³, E+, E³, Eª
and E corresponding to and connected respectively with the group-controlling
levers el, e, e, et, e³, e and e' on the one hand and the keys C1, C2, C3, C4, 05, 06
and C' on the other hand lie normally clear of the motor frame E12, the push-piece E
connected with the group-controlling lever e, (which we shall sometimes term here-
inafter the normal group-controlling lever), lies normally over the motor frame E¹².
In other words, while the push-pieces E, E², E³, E, E, E and E' with the corre-
sponding group-controlling levers e¹, e², e³, et, es, ef and e' are normally disconnected
from the motor frame E, the push-piece E and group-controlling lever e are
norinally connected with the motor frame E12 aforesaid and the motor magnet E10.
But when any of the bell-cranks F1, F2, F3, F4, F, For F7 is moved by the cor-
responding key C¹, C², C³, C², 0³, C and C to throw the corresponding push-
piece (E, E, ³, E4, E, E and E7) over the motor frame E12, thereby to connect the
corresponding group-controlling lever (e¹, e², e³, et, e, e and e², as the case may be),
with said motor frame, said bell-crank gives movement to a frame F, (composed of
vertical arms F, F, centered on the rod 49 aforesaid and firmly connected by trans-
verse bars or members F", and F) which lies transverse to all the bell cranks F,
F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 of a set. The frame F, when thus moved, communicates
movement by a link 50 to the push piece E, moving said push-piece in the direc
tion of the arrow, Figure 1, away from the motor frame 12, so that it is discon-
nected therefrom. The function of the normal bell-crank c with its push-piece E
and the frame F will appear clearly hereinafter.
OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE PIN-CARRIERS K, K, AND THE MECHANISM
BOR SHIFTING THEM

page_text: Figures 4 and 7. The two pin carriers are substantially alike so that a description
of one is a description of both. As I have constructed them, each consists of (a) a
cast hub K with radial spokes K2, K2, K2, integral therewith; (b) steel pins, K¹³,
K3, K13, set fast in said spokes; and (c) an upper flange K and a lower flange K,
both of steel, riveted to the pins K, KB, KB, aforesaid. The upper and lower
flanges, K and K are drilled to receive the pins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 1. To
the central one of the pins K3 is firmly attached an arm K10, to which is connected
the mechanism hereinafter described, by which the carrier is shifted. Tò one
of the spokes K12 is attached a stop K16, and to another of said spokes is attached a
similar stop K. A contractile spring K" having one end attached to the arm K10
and the other to a threaded rod K18 (adjustable by a nut K) in the cross-bar K29,
screwed fast to the bar K22, serves to hold the carrier K in its normal position, with
the stop K6 attached to the spoke K12, resting against a fixed stop K2, which rises
from the bar K2. The carriers K, K, oscillate on an axle or center-pin K2, rising
from the bar K22. A collar K25, secured in place by a set-screw, serves to retain
the carriers K, K, on the axle K2. The bar K22, to which said axle is attached,
is supported in front by the column 3ª, and at the rear by the column 3, rising
from the bed-plate. Such are the details of the construction I have followed, but
I attach no special importance to them. Any skilled mechanic could vary them
as desired. Obviously, the carrier might be cast or otherwise formed in one piece
instead of being built up in the manner I have described. The reason I have
built mine in the way I have described is to combine strength with lightness. The
pins 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., occupy normally the positions illustrated in Figures 4 and 5.
Each of these pins, it will be remembered, serves to connect the corresponding
group-controlling lever (e', e², e³, e¹, es, e6 or e7, as the case may be) with four of the
levers f, f, f, f, and the pin-carrier shifts or is oscillated on its axle to carry
the pins into the proper positions to act upon the different levers f, f, f, f, of the
corresponding groups. Normally each pin acts on the first member of the group
of four type-bar-connected levers f, f, that it serves to transmit motion to; when
moved by the key B₁ the carrier shifts a distance equal to the distance between
two adjacent levers f, f, so as to bring the pins each under the second lever of its
group; when moved by the key B2, the carrier shifts a distance equal to twice that
between two adjacent levers f, f, so that it brings each pin into operative relation
with the third lever of the group of type-bar-connected levers f, f, to which such
pin transmits motion; and when the carrier is moved by the depressing of the
key B, it moves a distance equal to three times the distance between the levers f, f,
of the group, so that it brings the pins k³, 2, K3, 4, 5, and 7 each into operative
relation with the fourth lever of the group controlled by it. And the mechanism
for this purpose is as follows: At the back of the machine is a rock-shaft 52 sup-
ported by centers set in the casting 53. There are in fact, two rock-shafts 52 with
connected parts, one serving for one of the carriers K and the other serving for
the other one of said carrier; but a description of one of said rock-shafts and the
parts connected therewith will suffice, since the two are substantially similar; as
the drawings show. To the rock-shaft 52 is attached a horizontal arm 54, upon
which the key B2 acts through an adjustment-screw 51; said arm. 54 also carries
projections 55 and 56, extending upon opposite sides of it, upon which projections
the keys B¹, and 133 respectively act, through their adjustment screws 51, 51. See
Figures 9, 10 and 11. The leverages are arranged in such a manner that the key.B¹
gives to the arm 54 and the rock-shaft 52 and connected parts a movement of one,
while the key B2 gives them a movement of two and the key B³ gives them a move-
ment of three, to shift the carrier as before described. To the rock-shaft 52 is also
attached a vertical arm 57, which is connected by a link 57 with the arm K10 of the
corresponding pin carrier K. To said rock-shaft 52 are also attached two other
vertical arms 58, 58, which are firmly connected at the top by a transverse bar 59,
which serves to engage the escaping stops 61 and 62, which are fulcrumed upon a
rod 60, which rod is supported by a casting or standard 64 (see Figures 9, 10, 11,
and 12) which casting is milled out to receive the stops 61 and 62. The stop 61

page_text: serves to arrest the rock-shaft 52 with its various arms (54, 57, 58 and 58), and the
carrier K connected with it by the link 57", when the key B¹ is depressed, allowing
a movement of the parts sufficient to shift the pins k,, 3, 4, 5, and 7 each
from operative relation with the first one of the type-bar connected levers f, f, f, f
of the group that it controls, into operative relation with the second of said type-
bar-connected levers; the stop 62 serves to arrest all said parts, when the key B
is depressed, allowing a movement of the carrier K sufficient to shift the pins
aforesaid each into operative relation with the third one of the type-bar-connected
levers f, f, f, f, in the group controlled by it; and a fixed stop 63 attached to the
bar K (Figure 7) serves to arrest all the parts, when the key B³ is depressed, allow-
ing a movement of the carrier K sufficient, to shift the pins aforesaid, each into
operative relation with the fourth one of the type-bar connected levers f, f, f. f,
in the group controlled by it. None of the stops is moved when the key Bis
depressed. But when the key 12 is depressed, said key, acting through the push-
up 65 connected with it, (the upper end of which push-up passes through an eye in
the guide piece 66, attached to the standard 64), lifts the stop 61 out of the way,
before the part 59 (carried by the arms 58, 58, and serving to engage the stops G
and 62 as above mentioned), reaches it, so permitting all the parts to move until
arrested by the part 59 coming in contact with the stop 62. And when the key B³
is depressed, it, through a similar push-rod 65, (the upper end of which passes
through another eye in the same guide piece 66 before mentioned,) raises the
stop 62, (which has connected with it a projection 62ª underlying the stop 61, so
that when the stop 62 is raised it raises the stop 61 with it), and the stop G1 con-
nected with it, in the manner just described, before the part 59 comes in contact
with either of said stops 61 and 62; so that all the parts are left free to move until
the stop K before mentioned, attached to the carrier K, comes in contact with the
fixed stop 63, attached to the bar K. In brief, then, the key 13 moves the
carrier Ka sufficient distance to bring the pins k¹, k², k³, k, k, and each from
its normal position of operative relation with the first lever of the group of levers f,
f, f, f, controlled by it, 'into operative relation with the second of said levers; the
key 132 brings said pins into operative relation with the third one of the levers f, f,
f, f, controlled by it; and the key 13 brings said pins each into operative relation
with the fourth one of the levers f, f, f, f, of the group controlled by it. The
stop 61 serves to arrest the parts when the key B₁ is depressed, said stop is moved
out of the way and the stop 62 serves to arrest the parts when the key B² is
depressed, and both of the stops 61 and 62 aforesaid are lifted out of the way when
the key B³ is depressed, and the fixed stop 63 then serves to arrest all the parts.
Contractile springs 67, are used to return the stops 61 and 62 to their normal
positions.
The permutational mechanism controlled by the left-hand keys and controlling
the set of type-bars a¹, al lying on the left-hand side of the center of the machine, is
in substance identical with the other permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism,
already described, controlled by the right-hand keys and controlling the set of type-
bars a, a, lying on the left-hand side of the center of the machine. All this
appears so plainly in the drawings that dwelling upon it here would be a mero
waste of time.
The two sets of type-bars a, a, and a', ', it will be seen, together form a circle of
type-bars, and the two sets of type-bar-connected levers f, f, etc., belonging one
to the right-hand keys and to the type-bars a, a, and the other to the
Jeft-hand keys and the type-bars,, also constitute a circle. The
right-hand keys, it will be observed, are connected to operate the left hand set of
group-controlling levers e¹, e², e³, etc. and the left-hand pin carrier K, thereby to
operate the left-hand set of levers f, f, etc. and the set of type-bars a, a, connected
therewith; while the left-hand keys are connected to operate the right-hand set of
group-controlling levers c³, e², e³, etc., and the right-hand pin carrier K, thereby to
operate the right hand set of levers f. f, and the set of type-bars a, a, connected
therewith. But, most obviously, the right-hand set of keys might be connected
'

page_text: bars a, a.
to operate the right-hand set of group controlling levers e¹, e², e³, e², etc., and the
right-hand pin-carrier K, and the right-hand set of type-bars a¹, al; the left hand
keys, being, in such case, connected to operate the left-hand set of group-controlling
levers e¹, e², e³, etc. with the left-hand pin carrier K and the left-hand set of type-
The advantage of the arrangement illustrated in the drawings, results
from the fact that the right-hand, (which is with most persons the more dexterous
of the two,) receives the more work, as it takes the initiative; and the most work
necessarily falls on the hand which controls the character which prints first; for
in every word that contains an odd number of letters, such hand has one movement
more to make than the other hand:
ÜF THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE ELECTRIC CIRCUITS.
We are now in a position to trace the electrical circuits. See particularly
Figure 17. B10 is a battery or other suitable source of electrical current. Under-
lying all the keys of each set, in front of their fulcrums, is a circuit-closing
frame 18, 18 (see Figures 6 and 17;) said frames being suitably mounted in points
or otherwise to oscillate freely a limited distance; each of said frames is held by a
contractile spring 18" normally in contact with the stop 18b; but when any key
of either set is depressed, such key oscillates the frame 18 underlying it, moving
said frame until a platinum contact point 18° carried by it comes in contact with a
similar contact point set in the spring B12. Underlying the thumb keys B', B2, B3,
of each set, is a metal lever 70 which is centered at 75 and held by a contractile
spring 71 normally in contact with the adjustable stop screw 72 and which is oscil-
lated when any of the keys B1, B2, or B3, overlying it, is depressed, from such its
normal position until it is arrested by the contact spring 73. The keys B', B²,
and B are furnished with adjustment screws 77, to act on the lever 70. The
positive pole of the battery 1310 is connected with the contact screws 72, 72, and
with the contact springs 73, 73; and each of the levers 70 is connected by a wire 74
with the contact spring B13 with which the circuit-closing frame 18, that is
operated by the same set of keys, makes connection. The function of the lever 70
of each set, is to prevent the closing of the circuit of the corresponding motor
magnet E, while the corresponding pin-carrier K, is being shifted. If the pin-
carrier K remains in its normal position, then when one of the finger keys C₁, C²,
C3, C4, C5, C6 or C7 (belonging to the set which controls such pin-carrier) is de-
pressed, the current flows from the positive pole of the battery 1310 to the contact
screw 72, thence to the lever 70 and from said lever by the conductor 74; to the
contact spring B12. But if any of the thumb keys B³, 132 or 133 be depressed, such
key, at the same time that it depresses the frame 18 to make connection between
the contact point 18° and the contact spring B12, oscillates the lever 70 from its
normal position of contact with the screw 72, so that the circuit cannot be closed
until said lever comes in contact, at the limit of its movement, with the contact
spring 73. From the contact point 18°, the path of the current on the two sides of
the machine is in one respect different. I shall first describe the path of the
current flowing from the contact point 18°, carried by the circuit-closing frame 18
that underlies the right-hand keys; and after that will describe wherein the
arrangement of the circuits controlled by the left-hand keys differs. To resume
then from the contact point 18° carried by the circuit-closing frame 18 that
underlies the right-hand keys, the current flows by the conductor 18d to the switch-
lever B18 to which is attached the soft iron armature B21 of the switch-detent
magnet B, and which is centered at B40 and held, by a contractile spring B19,
normally in contact with the adjusting screw B17; at the switch lever Bis the cur-
rent divides, a small portion of it going to the switch-detent magnet B22 and thence
by the conductor 13" (in which is inserted the resistance R¹), to the space magnet H51
and so on back to the negative pole of the battery B10; while the principal part
of said current flows from the switch B18 to the contact screw Bi7 and thence
through the magnet E10, controlling the left-hand set of group-controlling levers e,
el, e, etc., and the type-bars a, a; and from said motor magnet the current flows by

page_text: the conductor E41 (in which is inserted the resistance R²) to the space magnet H³¹
and through said magnet back to the negative pole of the battery B10. The passage
of the current through the motor magnet E¹0 aforesaid causes it to attract its arma-
ture E, thereby giving movement to the motor frame E¹ connected therewith and
to whatever one of the group-controlling levers e, e¹, e², e³, es, e³, e6 or may be con-
nected with said motor frame, and thus to one of the type-bars of the set a, a. At
or about the instant the type-bar strikes the platen, (preferably a little before it
strikes) the adjustment screw E18, carried by the arm E of the motor frame E12,
and adjustable therein by means of a lock-nut E19, strikes the switch B18, breaking
the circuit of the magnet E10 and throwing said switch over towards or against the
stop-screw 12, against which said switch lever 1318 is now firmly held by the switch-
detent magnet 12, the current through which and the strength of the magnetism
of which increases greatly upon the breaking of the parallel circuit of lower resis-
tance through the magnet E10 and resistance R². The circuit of the right-hand
controlled motor magnet E being thus broken it loses its magnetism and allows
the type-bar a, which has just been impelled by it, to return instantly to its normal
position, whether the key be released or not. When the key or keys depressed of
the right-hand set are released, the circuit-closing frame 18, controlled by them,
returns to its normal position, under the influence of the contractile spring 18",
moving the contact-point 18° away from the contact spring B12, thereby breaking
the circuit of the switch-detent magnet B22, which, instantly losing its magnetism.
allows the switch-lever B18 to return to its normal position under the influence of
the contractile spring B19.
The circuits controlled by the left-hand keys and controlling the motor mag-
net E10 that operates the right-hand set of levers e, e¹, e², etc. with the set of type-
bars a¹, a corresponding thereto, with the switch-detent magnet B22 that co-
operates with the motor magnet E last mentioned, might be made to be exactly
like the circuits above described, controlled by the right-hand keys. But while I
prefer to have the type-bar of the set a', a', that acts simultaneously with one of
the type-bars of the set a, a, strike at about the same instant, I prefer also that one
of said type-bars (the one belonging to the set a, a, as things are arranged in the
drawings,) shall a little precede the other in arriving at the printing point-that
there shall be a phase difference in the movements of the two bars-so that any
interference between them as they approach their closely adjacent printing points,
will be avoided. No phase difference, however, is absolutely indispensable, for by
leaving the two printing points A and A' of the two sets of type-bars a, a, and a¹, a¹,
a sufficient distance apart, the two type-bars can come up at exactly the same
instant and with a unison of phase in their movements. But by giving one bar a
little lead over the other, (in other words by making the bars of the set a¹, a¹ or
the motor device controlling them a little slower acting than the bars of the
set a, a, with their motor device so that when the bars of the two sets operate
simultaneously, the one will reach the printing point a little before the other, the
bar first to print passing, as it retreats from the printing point, the bar of the other
set approaching its printing point), it becomes possible to print the letters a little
closer together and a little less allowance may be made for wear. To affect this
difference in the phases of movement of the two bars, I arrange matters in such a
manner (see Figure 17,) that while the circuits of the motor magnet E10 and switch-
detent magnet 1322 controlled by the right-hand keys, are closed the instant those
keys are depressed, the circuits of the motor-magnet E10 and switch-detent
magnet B2 controlled by the left hand keys, are not closed until an instant after
such keys are depressed. The path of the current from the positive pole of the
battery Bo to the platinum contact-point 18°, carried by the circuit-closing
frame 18 that underlies the left-hand keys is similar, as the drawings clearly show,
to that already described in connection with the right-hand keys. But the current,
instead of flowing directly from the contact-point 18°, underneath the left-hand
keys, to the switch-lever B18 and motor magnet E10, (as the current controlled by the
right-hand keys does), first flows from said contact-point 18° through the
וד

page_text: magnet B30, and thence by the conductor B (in which is inserted the resis-
tance R³), to the space magnet H5, and through said magnet back to the negative
pole of the battery B10. So soon as the magnet B30 becomes sufficiently mag-
netized, it attracts its armature 1331, (which is centered at B, and held by the
contractile spring B, normally in contact with the adjustable stop-screw B4),
bringing said armature in contact with the screw B which is also connected with
the contact point 18 controlled by the left-hand keys. The current flowing from
the positive pole of the battery Bio to said contact-point 18" now divides, a portion
of it sufficient to hold the armature B1 in contact with the screw B, flowing
through the magnet B30, as before, while the major portion of the current flows
from the lever B by the conductor B to the switch 148, (centered at 10 and held
by a contractile spring B19 normally in contact with the adjustable screw 1317),
where the current again divides; a portion of it passes to the switch-detent
magnet B, and thence by the conductor 13, (in which is inserted the resis-
tance R), to the space magnet H51, and through said magnet back to the negative
pole of the battery 1310; while the major portion of the current that reaches the
switch B8 passes from said switch to the contact screw 3317 and thence to and
through the motor magnet E10 controlled by the left-hand keys; and from said
magnet, by the conductor B (in which is inserted the resistance R³), to the space
magnet H¹, and through said space-magnet back to the negative pole of the
battery B. When the motor magnet E10 controlled by the left-hand keys, becomes
energized by the passage of the current, it attracts its armature E", (Figures 1, 2, 3,
and 17) thereby giving movement to the motor frame E12 connected therewith, and
to the type-bar connected with said motor frame. About the instant the type-
bar strikes the paper, (preferably a little before it) the screw E18, (adjust-
able by means of the lock-nut E19, carried by the arm E7 of the motor frame E12)
strikes the switch 18, throwing it from its normal position of contact with the
screw 117 over towards or against the adjustable stop-screw B42 (in which latter
position said switch is held by the detent magnet B22, until the keys are released),
thereby breaking the circuit of the motor magnet E10 controlled by the left-hand
keys, and leaving the type-bar impelled by said motor magnet, free to return
instantly to its normal position, whether the keys controlling it be released or not.
So soon as said keys are released, the circuit-closing frame 18 depressed by them,
rises to its normal position under the influence of its returning spring 18, before
mentioned, thereby breaking the connection between the contact-point 18 and
the contact spring B12 and rupturing the circuit of the switch-detent magnet B²²,
whereupon the switch-lever B38 returns to its normal position and all the parts are
in condition for another operation.
OF THE PAPER CARRIAGE AND TILE SPACING MECILANISM.
m is the platen or paper roll. m¹ is the carriage frame; m² the back rod on
which the carriage runs; and m³ the frame hinged to the carriage frame and carry-
ing the space rack . The details of the paper carriage I need not describe. I
have used, in practice, a paper carriage substantially identical with that used in
the machine long well known in the art and trade as the Remington Standard
Typewriter Number Two. But as several forms of carriage are well-known in the
art and as any suitable carriage may be used, and as my invention does not consist
in or specially relate to the construction of the paper carriage, I shall not burden
this specification with a description of unnecessary details, which every constructor
varies to suit himself. And so as to the ribbon-feeding mechanism. I have used
in practice a ribbon-feeding mechanism substantially like that used in the Reming-
ton Standard Typewriter Number Two aforesaid; but the ribbon-feeding
mechanism forms no part of my invention; various forms of ribbon feeding
mechanism are well known in the art, and any suitable form of ribbon-
feeding mechanism may be used. So as to the alarm bell, the interlinear spacing
mechanism and other minor details.
The rack 7, then is suitably connected with a suitable paper carriage, which

page_text: carriage is urged in the direction of the arrow (Figure 13) by suitable carriage
motor spring mechanism. The device which I have used for this purpose is in
substance identical with that used in the machine long well known in the art and
trade as the Remington Standard Typewriter Number Two, aforesaid; but as
various forms of carriage motor spring mechanism are well known in the art, and
as no one of them forms any part of my present invention; and as I have not
altered or varied in principle the devices already well known in the art for this
purpose, I have not thought it best to burden this specification with any description
of the carriage motor spring mechanism.
The letter spacing mechanism is as follows:-
space
H is the dog-carrying lever, which is pivoted by means of a hanger Hand
which serves to carry the two dogs H3 and H4 that play alternately into and out
of the rack 37. Of these, H³, is the fast dog, that is to say, the dog that has no
movement tangent to the line of movement of the rack no movement save in
and out of the space rack; and H is the loose dog, that is to say, that dog that has
a movement tangent to the line of movement of the rack 7, as well as a movement
into and out of said rack. In the drawings H, H are hangers and H, H2, etc.
are adjustable stops for the various parts. H is the spacing magnet, the arrange-
ment of whose circuit is clearly illustrated in Figure 17 before described, and
which, it will be observed is energized by the passing of the current whenever any
key either of the right hand or the left hand set is depressed. He is the space
enlarging lever which carries, at its end, an adjustable stop H that serves normally
to arrest the movement which the loose dog H* executes in the direction of the
arrow, (Figure 13), under the influence of its contractile spring H, when freed
from the rack 7. Another lever H³ (to which the lower end of the fast dog H³ is
pin-jointed) carries another adjustable stop H which serves to arrest the move-
ment of the loose dog H in the direction of the arrow, (Figure 13) when the
enlarging lever He is moved from its normal position. Normally the fast dog H³
lies with its point a little below the rack and clear of said rack, while the loose
dog H normally has its point up in the pitch of said rack, and is held by the rack,
(which, it will be remembered, is urged in the direction of the arrow, Figure 13,
by a suitable carriage motor spring arrangement, not shown in the drawings),.
firmly in contact with the adjustable stop H, carried by the lever H, which is
connected by a link H³ with the dog carrying lever H. Let us now consider the opera-
tion of the parts when the space-enlarging lever H2 lies in its normal position, in
which it is shown in Figure 13. The depressing of any of the keys either of the
right-hand or the left-hand set, causes the electric current to pass through the
space magnet H1 (for the arrangement of whose circuit see Figure 17), sufficient
to energize said magnet, which thereupon attracts its armature H, drawing down
that end of said armature which overlies said magnet H and thereby elevating
the other end of said armature which underlies the dog-carrying lever H; rocking
the lever last named, moving the fast dog H³ up into the rack c and instantly
thereafter drawing the loose dog H* down out of said rack. The carriage now
moves a very short distance, until it is arrested by the point of the fast dog H³.
At the same time, the point of the loose dog H moves in the direction of the arrow,
(Figure 13), under the influence of the contractile spring H, a sufficient distance
to clear two of the teeth of the rack 7, when the lower end of said dog H4 comes in
contact with the stop H, carried by the space-enlarging lever H2, which thereupon
arrests the loose dog H*. When the circuit is broken by the
before described, the space magnet H³ loses its magnetism; the contractile
spring H37 returns the dog-carrying lever H and the armature H to their normal
positions; the loose dog H' again moves up into the pitch of the rack, the fast dog
instantly thereafter clears the rack, which being urged by the carriage motor-
spring mechanism above referred to, in the direction of the arrow, (Figure 13)
moves down two letter spaces, when it is arrested by the loose dog H coming in
contact with the stop H32 carried by the lever H30.
means
But if either of the space keys G, G, be depressed, such key, rising back of its

page_text: fulcrum, will lift one of the arms H60 (see Figure 6) of the rock-shaft H, whose
other arm H3 will be depressed, and through the pull-down H connected with it,
draw that end of said lever H which carries the stop H down out of the way of
the loose dog H. The circuit of the magnet H being closed at the same time by
the action of the key or keys depressed on the corresponding one of the circuit-
closing frames 18, 18, the dogs Hand H will execute the movements already
described except that the loose dog H will now move on, (the stop H being out
of its way,) under the influence of its contractile spring H, until it comes in con-
tact with the stop H33 which is so adjusted that it allows the loose dog H+ to clear
three teeth of the rack 7. And when the parts return to their normal positions,
the carriage will move three tooth-spaces instead of two, thereby providing an.
additional space at the end of the word. The contractile spring H38 serves to return
the space-enlarging lever H2 to its normal position.
All the parts of the spacing mechanism, it will be observed, are arranged in such.
a manner that the loose dog II+ when released from the rack c7 normally clears two
teeth of the said rack, and the carriage on the return of the dogs to their normal
positions, moves two letter spaces. If the word printed contains an odd number
of letters and the letters of the word are printed by the operator as they should
be, pair by pair, commencing with the first pair of letters and continuing until the
last letter of the word is reached, which must then be printed by itself alone, the
two spaces which the carriage moves upon the printing of the final letter, will
afford a sufficient space between such word and the next following word. The
operator, has nothing whatever to do to make the space at the end of a word con-
taining an odd or uneven number of letters. But if the word printed
contain an even number of letters, the operator, at the same time that he
depresses the keys that make the last pair of letters in the word, (or the only pair,
if it be a word of two letters only), depresses one of the space keys G, G, thereby
moving the stop H out of the way of the loose dog H and increasing the movement
of said loose dog when freed from the rack, to such an extent that it clears three
teeth of the rack, so that the carriage, on the return of the dogs to their normal
positions moves three spaces, one of which serves for the interverbal space and the
other two for the next pair of letters to be printed.
I have before said that the form of type-writer illustrated in Figures 1 to 17.
inclusive, is the one that I prefer to use, and the one that I recommend to the
public. I have, however, contrived several other forms, and in order to put the
public as fully in possession of the invention as I myself am, I shall describe
the best of these other forms.
See Figures 18, 19 and 20, of which Figure 18 is a diagrammatic view similar
to Figure 17, with the keys in plan, (but with the plane of section back of the
fulcrum of the keys,) illustrating the arrangement of the electrical circuits;
Figure 19 is a view, partly in section, partly in elevation, the plane of section being
transverse to the length of the platen or, paper roll; while Figure 20, is a plan
view, partly in section, illustrating the permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism.
In the device illustrated in Figures 18, 19 and 20 we have (a) essentially the same
key-board as in the preferred device, consisting of a group of finger keys C¹, C², C³,
C, C, C and C7, and of a group of thumb. keys 13', B2 and B, with a space key G,
for each hand; (b) a motor magnet E as in the preferred form of device, for each
set of keys, giving movement by its armature E to the motor frame E2 and thus
to all the type-bars of the set controlled by it; (c) a switch or cut-out lever 1318
or 138 for each motor magnet E10, operated by said motor magnet and acting to cut-
off the current from said motor magnet; with the detent magnet B2 for said switch
or cut out, as in the preferred form of device, Figures 1 to 17; (d) a retarding
device, similar to that illustrated in Figure 17, and hereinbefore fully described,
consisting essentially of the magnet 1330 with its armature 1331, arranged and con-
nected as shown; (e) group-controlling bell-crank levers e¹, e², e³, es, es, ef and e7,
with connection pieces E¹, E2, E³, E, E5, E6 and E7 actuated respectively by the
keys C¹, C2, C3, C4, C³, C and C7; said connection pieces E¹. E³. E³. E¹. E5 EG

page_text: and E being normally disconnected from the corresponding motor-frame E¹² and
serving, when acted upon by their respective keys, to connect the group-controlling
levers aforesaid with the corresponding motor frame E2, each as required; said
group-controlling levers each serving to control a different group of the type-bars
through the type-bar connected levers f, f, etc.; and said levers f, f, in the device
of Figures 18, 19 and 20 are arranged parallel with each other, instead of being
radially disposed, as in the preferred construction; (f) a group-controlling lever e,
as in the two forms of device already described, having its connection-piece E
normally in operative relation with the motor frame E1, so that said frame cannot
move under the attraction of the motor magnet E10 upon its armature E", without
giving movement to the connection piece and the group-controlling lever e,
with which it is connected, unless said piece E be withdrawn from its normal
position; and (g) a frame C, over-lying all the C group-keys of the set to which it
corresponds, back of their fulcrums, so that it is lifted by said keys, whenever any
of them is depressed; said frame C being connected by an adjustable connection Cio
with the end of the tilting piece E that lies remote from the motor frame E2, and
serving to disconnect the normal group-controlling lever e from the motor
frame E and motor magnet E10 when any of the keys C1, C2, C3, 04, 05, 0° or 07
acts to connect the corresponding group-controlling lever el, e², e, et, e, c, or e
with said magnet and motor frame. But when any of the thumb keys B1, B2 or B3
is depressed, no one of the finger keys C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 or C7 being depressed at
the same time, the motor frame E12 gives movement to the normal group-controlling
lever e through its connection piece E, which lies, it will be remembered, normally
in the path of the motor frame E¹.
We come now to consider the peculiarities of the device of Figures 18, 19 and 20,
the points in which it differs from the preferred form of device already described.
In the preferred form of device, (Figures 1 to 17), the group-controlling levers el, e²,
e, et, es, e and e7 are made to act upon the different type-bar connected levers f, f,
etc. of the groups controlled by them, by shifting the pins k¹³, k², k³, etc., (each of
which remains always in operative relation to the group-controlling lever by
which it is actuated), into different positions, so as to bring said pins into operative
relation to the different levers f, f, f, f, of the groups controlled by them, each as
required. But in the device of Figures 18, 19 and 20, all the levers f, f, f, f, of
a group are pin-jointed at their rear ends to the free end of the horizontal arm of
the corresponding group-controlling bell-crank lever, (e, e¹, e³, e³, e¹, e5, e6 or e7, as
the case may be); and each of said levers f, f, f, is connected at or near its front
end, by a pull-down wire h with the corresponding type-lever, and contractile
springs f, f, (each having one end attached to the corresponding type-bar con-
nected lever f, and its other end attached to one of the pins f3, f³, set in the trans-
verse rails, 10, 10), pull-up upon the front ends of the levers.f, f, holding them in
their normal positions, with the corresponding type-bars resting against the stop-
ring a; and these springs are made of sufficient strength so that the levers f, f,
pull downs h, h and type-bars connected therewith are not disturbed by said
levers f, f, lifting loosely the frames d, d', d² and d³, hereinafter described. Trans-
verse to the levers f, f, etc. are the frames d, d, 2 and 3 aforementioned, which
frames are supported by pointed screws do, do, set in the side bars 4, 4, (Figure 20,)
and adjustable therein by means of lock-nuts, and by points d³, 5, set in a center
rail 5. Said side-bars 4, 4, are attached each to one pair of the columns 3, 3, which
rise from the bed-plate 1 to support the top plate 2, while the center bar 5 is sup-
ported by standards 6, 6, arising from the bed-plate for the purpose. Each of the
levers f, f, of a group controlled by one of the group-controlling levers e, e¹, e², e³,
et, es, es and e', has a projection f rising from it near its center, to engage some
one of the frames d, d¹, d2 and d³ aforesaid; and each of the levers f, f, f, f, of a
group is arranged to engage a different one of the frames d, d, 2, ³, aforesaid.
Each of the frames d, d¹, and has an arm d³, Figure 20, which rests normally
down upon a stop d attached to one of the side-bars 4, 4, of the main frame. Four
magnets D, D¹, D³, and D³, (each having its armature connected with one of the

page_text: arms, the different magnets being connected with the different frames d, d', d
and 3) serve to lock said frames d, d', d², d³, each as required, firmly in its normal
position while the others of said frames are left free to lift lightly from their normal
positions, to which, when released, they return. The arrangement of the circuits
is such, as we shall see hereinafter, that when a finger key is depressed, no thumb
key being depressed at the same time, the current, at the same time that it flows
through the motor magnet Elo flows also through the magnet D, which serves to
lock the frame d in its normal position, with its magnet-connected arm resting
firmly down upon the stop d; if the key B be depressed, whether with or without
a finger key, the current flows through the magnet D' which then serves to lock
the frame firmly in its normal position; if the key B² be depressed, the current
flows through the magnet D2 which thereupon locks the frame & firmly in its
normal position; and if the key B³ be depressed, the current flows through the
magnet D3, which thereupon locks the frame firmly in its normal position.
Whenever then, a key is depressed, the current flows through some one of the
magnets D, D¹, D2 and D³ of a set and through one only of such set of magnets;
so that whenever a key is depressed some one and only one of the frames d, d¹, d²,
and d³ constituting a set is held firm in its normal position, while the others are
left free to lift loosely. When one of the group-controlling bell-crank levers e¹, e²,
e³, et etc. is moved in the direction of the arrow, Figure 19, by the motor frame E¹²,
it lifts the rear end of all the levers f, f, f, f, connected with it. The projection fl
on some one of these levers comes in contact with that one of the frames d, d¹, d² and
3 which is held firm in its normal position by the passage of the current through
the corresponding one of the magnets D, D', D2 and D3; such frame thus locked
in its normal position affords a fulcrum to the lever f, moved, whose projection f¹
underlies it; and such lever f, having its rear end lifted by the group-controlling
lever with which it is connected, rocks upon the frame (d, d, d² or d³) held fast, as a
fulcrum, and pulls down through the wire h upon the short end of the type-bar
with which it is connected, so that the type-carried by said type-bar strikes up to
print; while all the other levers f, f, f, of the group controlled by the group-
controlling lever (e, e¹, e², e³, et, e³, e or e, as the case may be) acting, lift the
frames d, dd, etc. over-lying them, without giving movement to their type-bars;
for the springs f2, f2, are made of such strength, as before said, that they bear the
weight of the frames d, d¹, d² and without yielding, when said frames are not
locked by the corresponding magnets,
In the device of Figures 18, 19 and 20, then, it will be seen, the finger
keys C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 and C7, each controls a different one of the group-controll-
ing levers e¹, e, e³, et, e³, e and e, acting when depressed to connect such group-
controlling lever with the magnet Elo, so that it is impelled thereby; normally,
(that is, when no one of the B-group-keys is depressed) each of the group-controll-
ing levers e¹, e, e³, e, es, ef and e', when moved by the corresponding motor
magnet E10, gives an effective or type-bar-impelling movement to that one only
of the levers f, f, connected with it, whose projection f¹ is adapted to engage the
normal frame d; but when the key B₁ is depressed, and the current thereby sent
through the magnet D₁, (which locks the frame d), it is that lever f only of the
group moved, whose projection f¹ underlies the frame, that receives an effective
or type-bar-impelling movement from the motor magnet E10; when the key B² is
depressed, and the current sent in consequence through the magnet D2, (which
serves to lock the frame d²), it is that lever f only, of the group moved, whose pro-
jection f¹ underlies the frame d², which receives an effective or type-bar-impelling
movement from the motor magnet E¹ and motor frame E2; and when the key B
is depressed and the current sent through the magnet D3, (which serves to lock the
frame ³), it is that lever f only of the group moved, whose projection f underlies
the frame d³, that receives an effective or type-bar-impelling movement from the
corresponding motor magnet E10 through the motor frame E¹².
Thus, the different frames d, d', d2 and 3 each co-acts with the different group-
controlling levers e¹, e², e³, e¹, e³, e and e²; the levers e¹, e², e³, e¹, e5, e6 and 7 each

page_text: controlling a different group of the levers f, f, f, f, and serving, when moved by
the corresponding motor magnet Elo, to give a movement to all the levers f, f, f., f,
of the group connected with it; while the frames d, d¹, d² and d³, each when locked
firmly in its normal position, by the passage of the current through the corres-
ponding magnets D, D¹, 12, or 1) serves to make this movement of the
levers f, f, ff, effective as to one of said levers f, f, for the impelling of the type-
bar connected therewith, by affording a fulcrum to such lever. The other
levers f, ff, of the group acting, move on their points of connection with the
pull down wires h, h, as fulcrums, and lift the unlocked frames d, d, d², or d³ as
the case may be, overlying them, without at all affecting their type-bars.
The group-controlling lever e, (whose tilting piece E as before said, lies normally
in the path of movement of the motor frame 12, but is disconnected therefrom by
the frame C, when any of the keys C¹, C2, C3, C4, C, C or C7 acts to connect the
corresponding group-controlling levers e¹, e², e³, e, e, e" and e7 with said motor
frame E) has connected with it three levers f, f, f, only, which are adapted
respectively to engage the frames d', d², and d. In other words, it has no lever f
adapted to engage with the normal frame d. That such a lever would be super-
fluous will be apparent upon consideration of the mode of operation of the device.
A number of rails, as 12, 13, 14, 6º, 6b, 6º, A¹³, etc., lying transverse to the keys
and parallel with the paper roll or platen, serve to support various parts, as shown
in the drawings. The bar 12, is the fulcrum bar, on which the keys rest, and which
carries the fulcrum pins 17. The felt covered bar 13, serves to support the rear
ends of the keys, when in their normal positions. The bar 6, supports the hangers
by which the bridle levers 31 are mounted. The bar 6b supports the hangers e12
by which the group-controlling bell-crank-levers e, e¹, e², etc. are mounted. The
felt covered bar 6° serves both (a) to carry the pins, to which are connected the fast
ends of the contractile springs by which the group-controlling levers aforesaid are
returned to their normal positions, and (b) to serve as a stop for said group-controll-
ing levers, against which they rest when in their normal positions. The rail A
(which is attached to the columns 3, 3) serves to carry the motor magnets E10, E10.
The rails 12 and 13 rest down upon the bed plate 1; the rails 6" is attached to the
two rear columns 3, 3; while the rails 6b, 6° are supported by the side bars 4, 4.
Let us now consider the arrangement of the circuits. See Figure 18. In many
respects the arrangement of the circuits for the device of Figures 18, 19 and 20
is in substance that illustrated in Figure 17, and hereinbefore fully described.
The essential difference consists in the fact that the magnets D, D1, D2 and D³
for each set of keys are added with the necessary circuit closing devices controlling
them. I shall first describe the arrangement of the circuits controlled by the
left-hand keys, which in the device of Figures 18, 19 and 20, serves to control the
type-bars a, a, occupying the left-hand half of the type-circle. The arrange-
ment of the circuits controlled by the keys of the right-hand set and controlling
the type-bars of the set a¹, a¹, differs only in respect of its being adapted to be
slower-acting. The circuit-closing frame 18, Figure 18, lies above all the
keys C¹, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 and C7, B1, B2, and B3 back of their fulcrums, so that when
any of said keys is depressed by the operator in front of the fulcrum, it rises back
of the fulcrum and raises the circuit-closing frame 18 from its normal
position of contact with the contact screw b, (in which position it is
normally held by a contractile spring, not shown in the drawings,)
so that the platinum point 18 carried by said frame 18 comes in
contact with the spring B12, which is connected by the wire B350 with the
positive pole of the battery B10. From the platinum point 18 the current flows
by the wire B1 to the switch lever B18; where the current divides, a small portion
of it flowing through the switch-detent magnet B and thence by the conductor 1341
(in which is inserted the resistance R¹), back through the space-magnet H³¹, to the
negative pole of the battery B10; while the major portion of the current flows
through the motor magnet E that serves to impel the type-bars of the set a, a;
and from said magnet E the current flows through the wire E4, with which wire

page_text: is connected one terminal of each of the magnets D, D¹, D² and D³, (which serve
respectively, it will be remembered, to lock the frames d, d, and d³;) if no
one of the B-group keys be depressed, the current then flows from the wire E41
through the magnet 1) to the lever B, and thence to the contact screw b with which
the lever B is normally in contact; and from said screw b to the wire 610, (with
which the screw bis electrically connected), and from said wire 60 through the
space magnet H1 back to the negative pole of the battery 10. But the lever B
overlies the keys B1, B2 and 13, back of their fulcrums, in such position that said
keys, when depressed by the operator in front of their fulcrums, in rising back
of the fulcrums raise the lever B from its normal position of contact with the
screw b, breaking the normal return path of the current from the motor magnet E
to the negative pole of the battery B10, through the magnet D, controlling the
frame d. And each of the keys 13, B2 and B³ carries, back of its fulcrum, a
threaded adjustable rod b, which rods are each of them connected at one end with
the wire bo, (and thus through the space magnet H with the negative pole of the
battery 10), and at the other end adapted to make connection with the contact
springs 1, 2 and 3, which springs are connected respectively with the mag-
nets D1, D2 and D³. If, then, the key 131 be depressed, in front of the fulcrum,
by the operator, it presses the metal rod 6 (attached to it back of the fulcrum, as
aforesaid) into contact with the spring 6', thus establishing connection between
the motor magnet E10 and the negative pole of the battery B10, through the
magnet D', controlling the frame d¹. The key B2, in like manner, when depressed
by the operator, presses the metal rod 61 attached to it, against the contact
spring 62, thus establishing connection between the motor-magnet E and the
negative pole of the battery B10, through the magnet D2 controlling the frame d²;
and in like manner the key 133, when depressed by the operator in front of the
fulcrum, carries the metal rod 1 (attached to it back of its fulcrum) up into con-
tact with the spring 63, thus establishing connection between the motor magnet El
and the negative pole of the battery B10, through the magnet D³, which controls
the frame. Thus, some one of the frames d, d, d², and is locked firmly in
its normal position, with its magnet connected arms, resting firmly upon the
stop, at the same time that the current, flowing through the motor magnet El,
causes said magnet to attract its armature E" and to give movement to the motor
frame E, the group-controlling lever connected therewith and the type-bar con-
nected with said group-controlling lever. About the time that the type-bar, thus
moved, strikes the platen, the motor frame E2, through the screw 18 carried by
it; throws the switch B18, (as already described in connection with Figure 17,)
breaking the path of the current through the motor magnet E10 and that one of
the magnets D, D1, D2 or D³, which was in circuit; thus leaving the type-bar free
to return instantly to its normal position, whether the key or keys depressed, con-
trolling it, be released or not. And the switch-detent magnet B22 holds the
switch B18 in contact with the stop-screw B42, until the key or keys depressed return
to their normal position; when the frame 18, returning to its normal position,
carries the platinum point 18° down away from the contact spring B12, thereby
breaking the circuit of the switch detent magnet B2; whereupon the switch
lever Bis returns, under the influence of its contractile spring Bi⁹ to its normal
position of contact with the contact screw B17.
The arrangement of the circuits controlled by the right-hand keys and serving
to control the right-hand motor-magnet E10 and the set of type-bars a¹, a¹, оссиру-
ing the right hand half of the type-bar circle, might be in all respects similar to
that just described for the left hand keys. But for the reasons already pointed out,
I prefer to arrange matters so that the closing of the circuit controlled by the
right hand keys is postponed a little on the depressing of the keys, so that there
shall be a phase difference between the movements of the two simultaneously
acting type-bars, controlled one by the left hand keys and the other by the right
hand keys; so that one will reach its printing point and retreat some distance
therefrom, before it passed by the type-bar of the other set, approaching its

page_text: printing point. For this purpose, I use the magnet B30 with its armature lever B31,
centered at B and playing between the screws B and B, being normally held
against the stop screw 1, by the contractile spring 13 and being drawn by the
magnet 130, when magnetized, over against the contact screw B. The contact
piece 18° carried by the circuit closing frame 18 overlying the right hand keys
back of their centers, (and to which the current flows from the postive pole of
the battery B by the conductor 13 and contact spring B2, when any of the keys
underlying said frame is acted upon by the operator,) is connected through the
magnet 1330 and resistance 13, and thence through the wire 10 and space
magnet H, with the negative pole of the battery 10. Said contact point 18°
is also connected with the contact screw 135. The armature lever B31 is connected
through the wire 134 with the switch lever B48; from which the return path of
the current controlled by the left hand keys is similar to that already described
in connection with the right hand keys, as, indeed, the drawings clearly show.
It is not absolutely indispensable that the printing-points of the two sets of
type bars a, a, and a¹, a', should be separate and distinct. A single printing point
might be used for all the type-bars of both sets by making the set of bars a¹, a¹, so
much slower acting than the set a, a, that a bar of the set a, a, will have time
to retreat from the printing point before the bar of the set a¹, a', reaches it,
when keys of the two sets are depressed simultaneously; the carriage being
advanced, in such case, a letter-space between the time of striking of the first
type-bar and the time of striking of the second. The necessary difference in the
rapidity of action of the type-bars of the set a, a, and the type-bars of the
set a¹, a', can be obtained by properly adjusting the magnet B30 and its arma-
ture B. By adding self-induction to the circuit of the magnet: 1330, extra said
magnet, the rise of the magnetism will be retarded-the magnet itself, qua-magnet,
will be made slower-acting as every electrician well understands. By strengthen-
ing the spring B; by increasing the weight of the armature B³¹; and by adjusting
the screws B34 and 35 so that the armature B31 cannot start to move until the
magnetism in the magnet B is approaching its maximum, and so that said
armature will have some distance to move, after it starts to move, before it can
make contact with the screw 13-by adjusting some or all of these all necessary
differences in the rapidity of action in the two sets of type-bars can be readily
obtained.
In regard to the carriage and spacing mechanism; If two sets of type-bars be
adjusted to play to one and the same printing center, then the normal play of the
loose dog H should be reduced so that it will make a single letter-space, and
everything should be so adjusted that the circuit of the left-hand controlled magnet
will be broken, (by the action of the releasing magnet 132 upon its armature 1),
before the circuit of the right-hand-controlled magnet is closed, and the space
magnet H1 should be wound with two coils, one outside the other, one coil serving
for the left-hand-controlled circuit and the other for the right-hand controlled
circuit; said coils being oppositely wound, so that the current in passing through
from the right-hand keys will reverse the magnetism produced by the previous
current passsing through from the left-hand keys.
But it is much more advantageous to have separate printing points for the two sets
of type-bars, for thereby, either (a) less rapid movements of the type-bars are
required, the bars of the two sets moving at about the same time, but preferably
one a little in advance of the other; or (b) the work can be done more rapidly
when two blows are delivered and two letters printed at the same instant, or almost
at the same instant, than when one type-bar has to return, or nearly return to its
normal position before the other can come up to print; and (c) less training and a
less accurate touch is required of the operator.
On the other hand it is by no means indispensable, that the bars of the one set
should be slower-acting than the bars of the other set. This feature of making
the bars of the one set quick-acting and the bars of the other set slow-acting,
(that is, less quick-acting), may be considered in two aspects according to the

page_text: different adjustments given to the parts; thus (a) we may arrange the printing
point of the two sets of type-bars a, a, and a', a¹ to stand such a distance apart,
as clearly illustrated in Figures 1, 1 and 1", that two type-bars can strike at
absolutely the same instant, when properly alligned, without interfering, but giving
the bars a difference in phase of approach, to allow a margin of safety in cases
where the alignment is becoming imperfect; or (b) we may suppose the printing
points A, A to be set so close together that two type-bars cannot strike at absolutely
the same instant even when in good alignment, without interfering with each
other, in order to print the letters as close together as possible. But the former
plan will probably be found the more satisfactory to the great majority of operators,
for it does not require that the keys of the two sets be depressed exactly simul-
taneously. It is the plan which I myself should follow. And obviously the
magnet with its armature 1331 may be omitted; the contact point 18° carried
by the circuit-closing frame 18 operated by the keys which control the type-
bars a, a, being in such case connected direct to the switch lever 1348.
Instead of making the circuits controlled by the left-hand keys slower-acting
by means of such a device as the magnet 130 with its armature 1331, Figure 17, we
might, at least when separate printing points are used for the two sets of type-
bars a, a, and a¹, a¹, and a phase difference only is desired in the movements of the
two simultaneously acting bars, make the bars of the set a¹, a¹, slower-acting than
those of the set a, a, by inserting a sufficient inductance in the wire leading from
the contact point 18°; (carried by the circuit-closing frame 18, underlying the left
hand keys), to the switch lever 48, whereby the rise of current in the left-hand
controlled motor magnet E10 will be retarded. A soft iron ring, preferably
laminated, and suitably wound with insulated copper wire, would be a convenient
form of inductance to use as every electrician knows. But the retarding
magnet B with its armature 11, Figure 17, is more readily adjusted than a
self-induction; and moreover the sparking is less with such a device than it
would be with a self-induction used as a substitute for it; so that I prefer the
form of retarding device illustrated in Figure 17.
In the drawings, I show group-controlling elements e, e¹, e², c³, et, e³, e and e,
each of which except the normal element e, controls a group of four type-bar-con-
nected levers f, f; the carrier K being shifted into the different positions necessary
to bring each group-controlling element into operative relation; through the
corresponding pins 1, 2, 3, etc., acting as a movement transmitter, to_tho
different levers f, f, f, of the group controlled by it, each as required. But,
obviously, a greater or less number of group-controlling elements may be used;
and a greater or less number of levers f, f, or their equivalents may be controlled
by the different controlling elements, the carrier K or its equivalent being shifted
into the different positions required. All this will be obvious to any person
skilled in the art.
The variations in leverage, resulting from the unequal length of the group-
controlling levers e¹, e², e³, etc., may be compensated for by varying the lengths of
the short arms of the type-bars controlled by such group-controlling levers.
It is convenient to dispose the levers f, f, radially. But obviously, it is not
necessary that they be perfect radii or that they be exactly radial. The main thing
is that they be arranged substantially arc-fashion; by which I mean that they be
arranged one after another around an arc.
Some other mechanical element might perhaps be substituted for the levers f, f,
as a connection between the pins 1, 2, 3, etc. or their equivalent movement trans-
mitters, and the type-bars; but the levers f, f, are the most convenient
construction that I know of.
Some other mechanical element might perhaps be substituted for the group-
controlling levers e, e¹, e², etc. as equivalents of them. The arrangement shown,
however, is the most convenient that I am aware of for the purpose.
Some other form of movement transmitters could perhaps be substituted for the

page_text: pins 1, 12, 13, etc. But that illustrated in the drawings is the most convenient
construction that I am aware of.
Some other form of pin carrier or shifter could probably be substituted for the
oscillating segmental pin-carrier K. I have in fact, in some of my experiments
and in machines different in details and in appearance, but similar in principle
and substance to the one figured in the accompanying drawings, used other forms
of carrier or shifter. But that illustrated in the drawings is the most convenient
form that I am aware of, and the one, therefore, which I recommend to the public;
reserving the right, however, to use any other suitable form.
I have shown two motor devices, two sets of group-controlling levers e, e¹, e³,
e3, etc., two oscillating pin-carriers K, K, carrying the two sets of movement
transmitters, 2, two sets of levers f, f, and two sets of type-bars, whereby
a machine is made, capable of printing letters in pairs, simultaneously. But,
obviously, for printing letters one at a time, a single motor device may be used,
with a single set of group-controlling levers, a single pin-carrier with a single set
of pins, a single set of levers f, f, and a single set of type-bars.
So also, obviously, a single permutational type-bar-selecting device, of the
kind of which two are illustrated in Figures 18, 19 and 20, might be used, with
a single set of type-bars, in a machine intended to write letters one at a time.
Some other suitable motor device might probably be used if desired, instead of
the motor magnet E¹º.
And finally, I wish it to be very distinctly understood that I do not at all limit
myself to the details of construction illustrated in the drawings and hereinbefore
described; for, obviously, many modifications, changes and alterations, (as by
substituting equivalents, etc.) may be made by skilled mechanics, without material
departure from the spirit of my invention and without essential change in result.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;-
-
1. In a duplex type-writing machine, in which two sets of type-bars are used,
with a permutational type-bar-selecting device to control one set of the type-bars
aforesaid, and another permutational type-bar-selecting device to control the other
set of type-bars aforesaid, the improvement which consists in using two motor
devices, one for each set, to impel all the type-bars of such set.
2. A duplex type-writing machine having two sets of type-bars and two permuta-
tional type-bar-selecting devices for controlling said type-bars, each of said
permutational type-bar-selecting devices consisting essentially of, («) a single
motor device, acting to impel all the type-bars of the set for which it serves,
each type-bar as required; (6) keys, fewer in number than the type-bars aforesaid;
and (c) means controlled by said keys, acting singly and in different combinations,
whereby the different type-bars aforesaid are connected each as required with the
motor device aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom.
3. A duplex type-writing machine having two sets of type-bars and two permu-
tational type-bar-selecting devices for controlling said type-bars, each of said
permutational type-bar-selecting devices consisting essentially of, (a) a single
inotor device, acting to impel all the type-bars of the set for which it serves, cach
type-bar as required; (b) keys, fewer in number than the type-bars aforesaid;
(c) means controlled by said keys, acting singly and in different combinations,
whereby the different type-bars aforesaid are connected each as required with the
motor device aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom; and (d) a motor-con-
trolling device, itself controlled by the keys aforesaid and serving, when a key or
combination of keys is depressed, to bring the motor device aforesaid into action,
80 that it impels whatever type-bar may be at the time connected with it.
4. An organized type-writing machine, adapted to afford facility to the operator
to make the letters two at a time, and including (a) two sets of type-bars; (b) two
motor devices, one motor device serving to impel all the type-bars of the one set,

page_text: each as required, and the other motor device serving to impel all the tpye-bars of the
other set, each as required; (c) two sets of keys, acting to control the two sets of
type-bars aforesaid; the keys of each set being less in number than the type-bars
controlled by them; (d) means controlled by the keys of one set, acting singly and
in different combinations, whereby the different type-bars of the set which is
controlled by such keys are connected, each type-bar as required, with the motor
device serving to impel such type-bars; and (e) means controlled by the other set
of keys, acting singly and in different combinations, whereby the different type-
bars of the set controlled by said last mentioned keys are connected, each type-bar
as required, with the motor device serving to impel such type-bars.
5. An organized type-writing machine, adapted to afford facility to the operator
to make the letters two at a time, and including (a) two sets of type-bars; (1) two
motor devices, one motor device serving to impel all the type-bars of the one set,
each as required, and the other motor device serving to impel all the type-bars of
the other set, each as required; (c) two sets of keys, acting to control the two sets
of type-bars aforesaid; the keys of each set being less in number than the type-
bars controlled by them; (d) means controlled by the keys of one set acting singly
and in different combinations, whereby the different type-bars of the set which
is controlled by such keys are connected, each type-bar as required, with the
motor device serving to impel such type-bars; (e) means controlled by one set
of keys acting to bring the motor device aforesaid into action, so that it impels
the type-bars thus connected with it; (f) means controlled by the other set of keys,
acting singly and in different combinations, whereby the different type-bars of
the set controlled by such last mentioned keys are connected, each type-bar as
required, with the motor device serving to impel such type-bar, and (g) means
controlled by the keys last mentioned, acting to bring the motor device last
mentioned into action, so that it impels the type-bar connected with it.
6. A type-writing machine organized to afford facility to the operator to make
letters two at a time, and having two sets of type-bars with means for controlling
them; each set of type-bars aforesaid, with the mechanism for controlling said
type-bars including, (a) a plurality of groups of type-bars, said type-bars striking
to a common printing center; (b) a single motor device, acting to impel all the
type-bars aforesaid, each type-bar as required; (c) keys, each corresponding to
and controlling a different group of the type-bars aforesaid and acting, when
depressed, to cause some one of the type-bars of said group to be connected with
the motor device aforesaid, and (d) one or more other keys, acting to control what
type-bar of the group shall be connected with the motor device aforesaid.
7. A type-writing machine organized to afford facility to the operator to make
letters two at a time, and having two sets of type-bars with means for controlling
them; each set of type-bars aforesaid, with the mechanism for controlling said
type-bars, including, (a) a plurality of groups of type-bars, said type-bars striking
to a common printing center; (b) a single motor device, acting to impel all the
type-bars aforesaid, each type-bar as required; (c) finger-keys, each corresponding
to and controlling a different group of the type-bars aforesaid, and acting, when
depressed, to cause some one of the type-bars of its group to be connected with
the motor device aforesaid; and (d) one or more thumb-keys, serving to control
what type-bar of the group shall be connected with the motor device aforesaid,
to be impelled thereby; the thumb-key or thumb-keys aforesaid being each
adapted to act simultaneously with the finger-keys aforesaid in selecting the type-
bar required.
8. A type-writing machine, organized to afford facility to the operator to make
letters two at a time, and having two sets of type-bars and two type-bar-controlling
devices, serving respectively to control a different set of the type-bars aforesaid;
one at least of said type-bar-controlling devices including (a) group-controlling
elements, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the type-bars
of the same set; (b) a motor device, serving to actuate the controlling elements
aforesaid, each as required; said controlling elements being normally disconnected

page_text: from said motor device; and (c) keys, each acting to connect a different one of the
group-controlling elements aforesaid with the motor device aforesaid, to receive
movement therefrom.
9. A type-writing machine, organized afford facility to the operator to make
letters two at a time, and having two sets of type-bars and two type-bar-con-
trolling devices, serving respectively to control a different set of the type-bars
aforesaid; one at least of said type-bar-controlling devices including (a) group-
controlling elements, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of
the type-bars of the same set; (b) a motor device, serving to actuate the controlling)
elements aforesaid, each as required; said controlling elements being normally
disconnected from said motor device; (c) keys, each acting to connect a different
one of the group-controlling elements aforesaid with the motor device aforesaid,
to receive movement therefrom; said keys also serving to bring the motor device
aforesaid into operation for the actuating of whatever group-controlling element
may be connected with it; the group-controlling elements aforesaid serving each,
when actuated by the motor device aforesaid, to communicate movement to the
proper type-bar, and (d) one or more other keys, whereby the controlling elements
aforesaid, are made to act upon the different type-bars of the groups controlled
by them, each type-bar as required.
10. A type-writing machine, organized to afford facility to the operator to make
letters two at a time, and having two sets of type-bars and two type-bar-controlling
devices, serving respectively to control a different set of the type-bars aforesaid;
one at least of said type-bar-controlling devices including (") group-controlling
elements, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the type-bars of
the same set; (b) a motor device, serving to actuate the controlling elements afore-
said, each as required; said controlling elements being normally disconnected
from said motor device; (c) finger keys, each acting to connect a different one of
tive group-controlling-elements, aforesaid with the motor device aforesaid, to
receive movement therefrom; and (d) one or more thumb-keys, whereby the
group-controlling elements aforesaid are made to act upon the different type-bars
of the groups controlled by them, each type-bar as required.
11. A duplex type-writing machine, such in substance and principle as thati
illustrated in Figures 1 to 17 of the accompanying drawings.
12. A type-writing machine, organized to afford facility to the operator to make
the letters two at a time, and including (a), two sets of type-bars and (b) type-bar-
controlling mechanisms, such in substance and principle as those illustrated in
Figures 1 to 17 of the accompanying drawings.
13. In a type-writing machine, organized to afford facility to the operator to
make the letters two at a time, the combination of the two sets of type-bars, a, a,
and a, a, with the radially-disposed levers f, f, substantially as illustrated in
Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings.
14. In a type-writing machine, organized to afford facility to the operator to
make the letters two at a time, the combination with the two sets of type-bars, 1,,
and a, a, of the levers f, f, corresponding to and connected with said type-bars;
the two sets of group-controlling levers c', e², e³, e¹, c², e³, etc., and the shiftable
connections intermediate the group-controlling levers aforesaid, and the levers f, f,
aforesaid, whereby each of the group-controlling levers aforesaid is connected with
the different levers f, f, controlled by it, as required.
15. A type-writing machine organized to afford facility to the operator to
make the letters two at a time, and including, in combination with the two sets of
type-bars a, a, and a¹, a¹, and the two sets of levers f, f, corresponding to and
connected with said type-bars, of two type-bar-controlling mechanisms, each
including () a set of group-controlling levers as e', e², e³, etc.; (b) keys, as C1, C2,
C, etc. corresponding to said group-controlling levers; (e) suitable motor
mechanism, controlled by said keys and serving to actuate said group-controlling
levers, each as required; and (d) shiftable connections, whereby the group-con-

page_text: trolling levers aforesaid are each connected as required with the different levers †,†,
controlled by it.
16. A tpye-writing machine, organized to afford facility to the operator to make
the letters two at a time, and including, in combination with the two sets
of type-bars a, (b and a, a, and the two sets of levers f, f,
corresponding to and connected with said type-bars, of two type-bar-controlling
mechanisms, each including (a) a set of group-controlling levers, as e¹, e², e³, etc.;
(6) keys as C1, C2, C3, etc., corresponding to said group-controlling levers; (c) suit-
able motor mechanism controlled by said key and serving to actuate said group-
controlling levers, each as required; (d) the pins as k, 2, and 3, whereby each
of the group-controlling levers aforesaid is connected with the different levers f, f,
controlled by it, as required; (e) a carrier wherein said pins are mounted; and
(f) key-mechanism whereby said carrier and pins are positioned.
17. A type-writing machine organized to afford facility to the operator to make
the letters two at a time, and including, in combination with the two sets of
type-bars a, a and a', a', and the two sets of levers f, f, corresponding to and
connected with said type-bars, of two type-bar-controlling mechanisms, dach
including (a) a set of group-controlling levers as e¹, e², e³, etc.; (b) a single motor
device, serving to actuate all said group-controlking levers, each as required;
(c) keys, each acting to connect one of the group-controlling levers aforesaid with
the motor device aforesaid; and (d) shiftable connections, whereby the "group-
controlling levers aforesaid are each connected as required with the different
levers f, f, aforesaid, controlled by it.
18. A type-writing machine organized to afford facility to the operator to
make the letters two at a time, and including in combination with the two sets
of type-bars, a, a and a, a, and the two sets of levers f, f, corresponding to and
connected with said type-bars, of two type-bar-controlling levers as e¹, e², e³, etc.;
(b) a single motor device, serving to actuate all said group-controlling levers, each
as required; (c) keys, each acting to connect one of the group-controlling levers
aforesaid with the motor device aforesaid; (d) the pins as k², 2, 3, whereby each
of the group-controlling levers aforesaid is connected with the different levers f, f,
controlled by it, as required; (e) a carrier wherein said pins are mounted; and
(f) key-mechanism whereby said carrier and pins are positioned.
19. A duplex type-writing machine, such in substance and principle as that
illustrated in Figures 18, 19 and 20, of the accompanying drawings.
20. A type-writing machine organized to afford facility to the operator to make
the letters two at a time, and including (a) two sets of type-bars and (b) type-bar-
controlling mechanisms, such in substance and principle as those illustrated in
Figures 18, 19 and 20 of the accompanying drawings.
21. In a type-writing machine, in which permutational type-bair selecting
mechanism with a few keys is used, as an integral part of the machine, to control
large number of type-bars, (the keys acting singly and in different combinations
to cause the different type-bars to act, each as required), the improvement which
consists in using a single motor device to impel all the type-bars aforesaid, each
type-bar as required.
22. In an organized type-writing machine, and as an integral part thereof, a
permutational type-bar selecting mechanism including, in combination with a set
of type-bars, (a) a single motor device, serving to impel all the type-bars of the
set aforesaid, each type-bar as required; (b) keys, fewer in number than the type-
bars aforesaid; and (e) means, controlled by said keys and acting to connect the
different type-bars aforesaid, each as required, with the motor device aforesaid to
be impelled thereby.
23. In an organized type-writing machine and as an integral part thereof, a
permutational type-bar selecting mechanism, including in combination with a
set of type-bars, (a) a single motor, serving to impel all the type-bars of the set
aforesaid, each type-bar as required; (6) keys, fewer in number than the type-
bars aforesaid; (c) means controlled by said keys and acting to connect the different

page_text: type-bars aforesaid, each as required, with the motor device aforesaid; and
(d) means also controlled by the keys aforesaid and serving when said keys are
depressed, to bring the motor aforesaid into action for the impelling of the type-
bar connected with it.
24. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups
of type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a single
motor device, acting to impel all the type-bars aforesaid, each type-bar as required;
(c) keys, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the type-bars
aforesaid, and acting, when depressed, to cause some one of the type-bars of said
group to be connected with the motor device aforesaid; and (d) one or more other
keys, acting to control what type-bar of the group shall be connected with the motor
device aforesaid.
25. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups
of type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common printing center; (b) a single
motor device, acting to impel all the type-bars aforesaid, each type-bar as required;
(c) keys, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the type-bars
aforesaid, and acting, when depressed, to cause some one of the type-bars of said
group to be connected with the motor device aforesaid; and (d) one or more other
keys, acting to control what type-bar of the group shall be connected with
the motor device aforesaid, to be impelled thereby; the key or keys last mentioned
being adapted to act, when required, simultaneously with the keys first in this
paragraph mentioned.
26. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups
of type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common printing center; (b) a single
motor device, acting to impel all the type-bars aforesaid, each type-bar as
required; (c) finger-keys, each corresponding to and controlling a different group
of the type-bars aforesaid, and acting, when depressed, to cause some one of the
type-bars of said group to be connected with the motor device aforesaid; and
(d) one or more thumb-keys, serving to control what type-bar of the group shall
be connected with the motor device aforesaid, to be impelled thereby the thumb-
key or thumb-keys aforesaid being each adapted to act simultaneously with the
finger keys aforesaid in selecting the type-bar required.
27. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups
of type-bars; said type-bars striking to a common printing center; (b) a single
motor device, acting to impel all said type-bars, each type-bar as required; (c) keys,
less in number than the groups of type-bars aforesaid, each of said keys
controlling a different group of said type-bars and acting to cause some one of
the type-bars of the group controlled by it to be connected with the motor device
aforesaid; (d) an element, controlling another group of the type-bars aforesaid,
said element being itself controlled by the keys above mentioned and acting as
an alternative to said keys, and (c) one or more other keys, controlling what
type-bar of a group shall be connected with the motor device aforesaid.
28. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups
of type-bars; said type-bars striking to a common printing center; (b) a motor
device, acting to impel all said type-bars, each type-bar as required; (c) finger keys,
less in number than the groups of type-bars aforesaid; said finger-keys each
controlling a different group of said type-bars and acting to cause some one of the
type-bars of the group controlled by it to be connected with the motor device afore-
said: (d) an element controlling another group of the type-bars aforesaid, said
clement being itself controlled by the finger keys above mentioned, and serving
as an alternative to said keys; and (e) one or more thumb-keys co-acting with
the finger-keys above mentioned to control what type-bar of the group controlled
by the finger-key depressed shall be connected with the motor device aforesaid.
29. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups
of type-bars; said type-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a frame or
lever serving to give movement to all said type-bars, each as required; (c) keys,
each controlling a different group of the type-bars aforesaid, and acting, when

page_text: depressed, to cause some one of the type-bars of said group to be connected with
the frame or lever aforesaid; (d) means, operated by one or more other keys, (acting
simultaneously with the keys aforesaid,) to control what type-bar of a group
shall be connected with the frame or lever aforesaid; and (e) a motor device,
serving to actuate the frame aforesaid; the whole being constructed and arranged
in such a manner that the key or combination of keys depressed, acts to connect
the proper type-bar with the frame or lever before mentioned as serving to give
movement to all the type-bars, and to cause a movement of said frame or lever
by the motor device aforesaid, for the impelling of the type-bar connected with
said frame or lever.
30. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups
of type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common printing center; (b) a frame or
lever, acting to give movement to all said type-bars, each type-bar as required;
(c) a group of finger-keys, each controlling a different group of the type-bars
aforesaid; (d) one or more thumb-keys and means operated thereby, co-acing with
the finger-keys to connect the type-bars aforesaid, each as required, with the motor
device aforesaid; the finger-keys aforesaid acting, when depressed, to control what
group of type-bars shall have one of its type-bars connected with the frame or lever
aforesaid; and the thumb-key or thumb-keys aforesaid, acting to control what
type-bar of such group shall be connected with said frame or lever; and (e) a motor
device, serving to actuate the frame aforesaid; the whole being constructed and
arranged in such a manner that the key or combination of keys depressed, acts
to connect the proper type-bar with the frame or lever before mentioned as serving
to give movement to all the type-bars, and to cause a movement of said frame
or lever by the motor device aforesaid, for the impelling of the type-bar connected
with the frame or lever aforesaid.
31. In a type-writing machine and in combination therein with a plurality of
groups of type-bars, striking to a common printing center, (a) group-controlling
elements, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the type-
bars aforesaid; (b) a motor device, serving to actuate the controlling elements
aforesaid, each as required; said controlling elements being normally disconnected
from the motor device aforesaid; and (e) keys, each acting to connect a different
one of the group-controlling elements with the motor device aforesaid, to receive
movement therefrom.
32. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a plurality of
groups of type-bars, striking to a common printing-center, (a) group-controlling
elements, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the type-bars
aforesaid; (b) a motor device, serving to actuate the controlling elements aforesaid,
each as required; said controlling elements being normally disconnected from
the motor device aforesaid; and (c) keys, each acting to connect a different one
of the group-controlling elements aforesaid with the motor device aforesaid, to
receive movement therefrom; said keys also serving to bring the motor device
aforesaid into operation for the actuating of whatever group-controlling element
may be connected with it; the group-controlling elements aforesaid serving,
when actuated by the motor device aforesaid, to communicate movement to the
proper type-bars.
33. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a plurality of
groups of type-bars, striking all to a common printing center, (a) group-con-
trolling elements, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the
type-bars aforesaid; (b) a motor device, serving to actuate the controlling-elements.
aforesaid, each as required; said group-controlling elements being normally dis-
connected from the motor device aforesaid; (c) keys, each acting to connect a
different one of the group-controlling elements aforesaid with the motor device
aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom; and (d) one or more other keys, whereby
the controlling elements aforesaid are made to act upon the different type-bars
of the groups controlled by them, as required.
34. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a plurality of

page_text: groups of type-bars, striking all to a common printing center, (a) group-controlling
elements, each corresponding to and controlling a different group of the type-bars
aforesaid; (b) a motor device, serving to actuate the controlling elements afore-
said, each as required; said controlling elements being normally disconnected
from the motor device aforesaid; (c) finger-keys, each acting to connect a different
one of the group-controlling elements aforesaid, with the motor device aforesaid,
to receive movement therefrom; and (d) one or more thumb-keys, whereby the
group-controlling elements aforesaid are made to act upon the different type-bars
of the groups controlled by them, each as required.
35. In a type-writing machine, in which there (a) a group of controlling
elements each controlling a different group of type-bars, and (b) a motor device,
acting to give movement to all said controlling-elements, each as required, the
improvement which consists in arranging all the parts so that one of said con-
trolling elements is normally connected with or in operative relation to the motor
device aforesaid, and is disconnected therefrom, when any other controlling)
element of the group aforesaid is connected with said motor.
36. In a type-writing machine and in combination, () a plurality of groups of
type-bars; (b) a motor; (c) a group of elements adapted to be impelled by said
motor, each element as required; each of said elements controlling one of the
groups of type-bars above mentioned; one of said elements being normally adapted
to be operated by said motor; (d) keys, acting to connect the other elements of the
group of elements aforesaid with the motor aforesaid, each as required; and
(e) means whereby the element above mentioned as being normally adapted to be
operated by the motor aforesaid is prevented from being operated by said motor
when any other element of the group of elements before mentioned is connected
with said motor.
37. In a type-writing machine and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups of
type-bars, (b) a motor; (c) a group of elements adapted to be impelled by said
motor; each element as required, each of said elements controlling one of the
groups of type-bars above mentioned; one of said elements being normally con-
nected with the motor aforesaid; (d) keys, acting to connect the other elements of
the group of elements aforesaid with the motor aforesaid, each as required;
(e) means, whereby the element above mentioned as being normally connected
with the motor aforesaid is disconnected from said motor when any other element
of the group of elements before mentioned is connected with said motor; and
(f) keys, acting to connect the different elements of the group above mentioned
with the different type-bars which they respectively control.
38. In a type-writing machine and in combination, (a) a plurality of type-bars,
arranged in such manner that they strike to a common printing center; (b) type-
bar operating levers, corresponding each to one of the type-bars aforesaid;
(c) connections intermediate said type-bar-operating levers and said type-bars ;
() a member having two movements, to wit, a shifting movement whereby it is
brought into operative relation to the different type-bar-operating levers aforesaid,
and an actuating movement, whereby it transmits movement to that one of the
type-bars aforesaid with which it is, at the time, in operative relation; (e) a key,
controlling the actuating movement of the member aforesaid; and (f) one or more
other keys, adapted to be depressed simultaneously with the key last mentioned,
and serving, when thus depressed, to control the shifting movement of said
member, thereby to control what type-bar of the group aforesaid shall be operated.
39. In a type-writing machine and in combination, (a) a group of type-bars;
() type-bar-operating levers corresponding respectively to said type-bars; (c) con-
nections intermediate the type-bar-operating levers aforesaid and the type-bars
to, which they respectively correspond; (d) a motor device acting to give movement
to all the type-bars aforesaid, each as required; (e) a movement transmitter,
actuated by said motor device; and (f) key mechanism, whereby said movement
transmitter is shifted, to bring the same into operative relation to the different
type-bar-operating levers aforesaid, each has required.

page_text: 40. In a type-writing machine and in combination, (a) a group of type-bars;
(b) type-bar-operating levers corresponding respectively to said type-bars; (6) con-
nections intermediate the type-bar-operating levers aforesaid and the type-bars
to which they respectively correspond; (d) a motor device, acting to give movement
to all the type-bars aforesaid, each as required; (e) a movement transmitter,
actuated by said motor device; (f) a key, whereby said motor device is brought
into action for the impelling of the movement transmitter aforesaid; and (g) one
or more other keys, adapted to act simultaneously with the key above mentioned,
and serving to shift said movement transmitter, thereby to bring the motor device
aforesaid into action upon the different type-bar-operating levers aforesaid, each
as required.
41. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a group of type-bars;
type-bar-operating levers, corresponding respectively to said type-bars; (c) con-
nections intermediate the type-bar operating levers aforesaid and the type-bars
to which they respectively correspond; (d) a motor device, acting to give move-
ment to all the type-bars aforesaid, each as required; (e) a movement transmitter,
actuated by said motor device; (f) a key, whereby said motor device is brought
into action for the impelling of the movement transmitter aforesaid; and (g) a
plurality of other keys, mechanically connected with the movement transmitter
aforesaid, and adapted to be depressed simultaneously with the key aforesaid, said
keys each acting to shift said movement transmitter into a different position.
from that into which it is shifted by the other keys, thereby to bring it into
operative relation with a different one of the type-bar-operating levers aforesaid,
each as required.
42. In a permutational character-selecting mechanism, for use in a type-writing
machine, (a) a plurality of groups of type-bars; said type-bars striking to a
common printing center (b) type-bar-operating levers, corresponding respectively
to, and connected respectively with, the type-bars aforesaid; (c) keys, each cor-
responding to and serving to control one of the groups of type-bars aforesaid; with
the type-bar-operating levers corresponding thereto; (d) movement transmitters,
equal in number to the keys aforesaid, each of said movement transmitters corre-
sponding to and being controlled by one of the keys aforesaid, and serving to com
municate movement to the group of type-bars controlled by such key; and
(e) means whereby the movement transmitters aforesaid are shifted as a set,
thereby to bring each of said movement transmitters into operative relation to
the different type-bar-operating levers of the group for which it serves.
43. In a type-writing machine and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups of
type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common printing center; (b) type-bar-
operating levers, corresponding respectively to and connected respectively with the
type-bars aforesaid; (c) keys, each corresponding to and serving to control one
of the groups of type-bars aforesaid, with the type-bar-operating levers corre-
sponding thereto; (d) movement transmitters, equal in number to the keys
aforesaid, each of said movement transmitters corresponding to and being con-
trolled by one of the keys aforesaid and serving to communicate movement to the
different type-bar-operating levers belonging to the group of type-bars controlled
by said keys; (e) a shifter, for the movement transmitters before mentioned, said
shifter serving to shift the movement transmitters before mentioned as a set, there-
by to bring each movement transmitter into operative relation with the different
type-bar-operating levers of the group for which it serves; and (f) one or more
other keys, acting simultaneously with the keys above mentioned and serving to
position the shifter aforesaid.
44. In a permutational character-selecting mechanism, for use in a type-writing
nachine, (a) a plurality of groups of type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common
printing center; (b) type-bar-operating levers, as f, f, corresponding respectively
to and connected respectively with the type-bars aforesaid; (c) group-controlling
elements, each acting to control a different group of the type-bars aforesaid;
(d) movement transmitters, intermediate the group-controlling elements aforesaid
and the type-bar-operating levers of the corresponding groups, 'and (e) means

page_text: whereby the movement transmitters aforesaid are shifted as a set, thereby to bring
each of said movement transmitters into operative relation with the different
type-bar-operating levers of the group for which it serves.
45. In a permutational character-selecting mechanism, for use in a type-writing
machine, (a) a plurality of groups of type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common
printing center; (b) type-bar-operating levers, as ff, corresponding respectively
to and connected respectively with the type-bars aforesaid; (c) group-controlling
clements, each acting to control a different group of the type-bars aforesaid;
(d) movement transmitters, intermediate the group-controlling elements aforesaid,
and the type-bar-operating lever of the corresponding group; (e) keys, correspond-
ing to and controlling the group-controlling elements aforesaid; and (f) one or
more other keys, (adapted to be depressed simultaneously with the keys above
mentioned,) and serving to shift the movement transmitters aforesaid as a set,
thereby to bring each of said movement transmitters into operative relation with
the different type-bar-operating levers of the group for which it serves.
46. In a permutational character-selecting mechanism for use in a type-writing
machine, (a) a plurality of groups of type-bars, said type-bars striking to a common
printing center; (b) type-bar-operating levers as f, f, corresponding respectively
to and connected respectively with the different type-bars aforesaid; (c) group-
controlling levers as e¹, e³, e³, etc., each acting to control a different group of the
type-bars aforesaid; (d) movement transmitters, intermediate the group-controlling
levers aforesaid, and the type-bar-operating levers of the corresponding groups;
(e) keys, corresponding to the levers, e¹, e², e³, etc., and means operated by said
keys and serving to control said levers e¹, e, e³, etc.; and (f) .one or more other
keys, and means operated thereby, acting to shift the movement transmitters afore-
said as a set, thereby to bring each of said movement transmitters into operative
relation with the different type-bar-operating levers of the group for which it
serves.
47. In a permutational type-bar selecting device, for use in a type-writing
machine, the oscillating segmental pin-carrier K, with the pins, etc.,
mounted in said carrier to move longitudinally independently of each other, and
to move as a set with said carrier.
48. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, for use in a type-writing
machine, the oscillating segmental pin-carrier K, with the pins 1, 2, 3, etc.,
mounted in said carrier, to move longitudinally independently of each other, and
to move as a set with said carrier; one or more keys acting to position said carrier:
and stop-mechanism, whereby the movement of said carrier under the action of
the key or keys aforesaid is arrested.
49. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, for use in a type-writing
machine, the oscillating segmental pin-carrier K, with the pins,, 3, etc.,
mounted in said carrier to move longitudinally independently of each other, and
to move as a set with said carrier; a plurality of keys, each acting to oscillate said
carrier to a different extent; and stop-mechanism for said carrier; said stop-
mechanism being controlled by one or more of the keys aforesaid.
50. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, for use in a type-writing
machine, the oscillating segmental pin-carrier K, with the pins k, k, 3, etc.,
mounted in said carrier to move longitudinally independently of each other, and
to move as a set with said carrier; a plurality of keys, whereby said carrier is
oscillated into different positions; and stops, whereby said carrier is arrested in
the different positions required; one or more of said stops being withdrawn from
its normal position by one or more of the keys that control the carrier aforesaid,
thereby to permit a larger movement of said carrier.
51. In a permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism, for use in a type-writing
machine, the combination with the type-bars of (a) the type-bar-connected levers,
corresponding to and connected with the different type-bars aforesaid; (b) group-
controlling levers each acting to control a different group of the type-bars and
type-bar-connected levers aforesaid; (c) movement transmitters, equal in number

page_text: to the number of group-controlling levers aforesaid; each of said movement trans-
mitters being interposed between the corresponding group-controlling lever and
the type-bar-connected levers of the group controlled by such group-con-
trolling lever; (d) a shifter whereby said movément transmitters are moved as a
set into different positions, to bring each of the group-controlling levers aforesaid
into operative relation with the different type-bar-connected levers controlled by
it, as required; (e) one or more keys, controlling said shifter; and (f) stop-
mechanism, whereby said shifter is arrested.
52. In a permutational character-selecting mechanism, for use in a type-writing
machine, the combination with the type-bars of (a) the type-bar-connected levers,
corresponding respectively and connected respectively wia the different type-
bars aforesaid; (b) group-controlling levers, each acting to control
a
different group of the type-bars and type-bar-connected levers afore-
said; (c) movement transmitters, equal in number to the number of
group-controlling levers aforesaid; each of said movement transmitters
being interposed between the corresponding group controlling lever and
the different type-bar-connected levers of the group controlled by such group-con-
trolling lever (d) a shifter, whereby said movement transmitters are moved as a
set into different positions, to bring each of the group-controlling levers aforesaid
into operative relation with the different type-bar-connected levers controlled by
it, each as required; (e) a plurality of keys, acting to move said shifter into
different positions, and (f) stop-mechanism for said shifter; said stop-mechanism
being controlled by one or more of the keys aforesaid, and serving to arrest the
shifter aforesaid.
53. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, a plurality of type-bars,
striking all to a common printing center, an electro-magnet, acting to give move-
ment to all said type-bars, cach as required; and a switch or key, through which
the circuit of said magnet is completed; the parts being constructed, arranged
and operating in such a manner that said magnet itself acts upon said switch or key,
thereby breaking its (said magnet's) own circuit, about the instant the type-bar
strikes; whereby an instantaneous return of the type-bar to its normal position is
permitted.
54. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, a plurality of type-bars,
striking to a common printing center; an electro-magnet, acting to give move-
ment to all said type-bars, each as required; keys, whereby said type-bars are
connected, each as required, with the magxnet aforesaid, to receive movement
therefrom; said keys serving also to bring said magnet into action for the
impelling of the type-bar thus connected with it; a switch or key, closing a break
in the circuit of said electro-magnet; said magnet acting upon said switch or key
to open said break in its (said magnet's) circuit, thereby to permit the type-bar to
return instantly to its normal position, whether the key depressed be released or
not.
55. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, a plurality of type-bars
striking to a common printing center, an electro-magnet, acting to give move-
ment to all said type-bars, each as required; keys, whereby said type-bars are
connected, each as required, with the magnet aforesaid, to receive movement
therefrom; said keys serving also to bring said magnet into action for the
impelling of the type-bar thus connected with it; a switch or key, closing a break
in the circuit of said electro-magnet; said magnet acting upon the switch or
key aforesaid to open said break in its (said magnet's) qircuit, thereby to permit
the type-bar to return instantly to its normal position, whether the key depressed
be released or not; and a detent, whereby the switch or key aforesaid is prevented
from returning to its normal position, until the key depressed is released.
"
56. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, the improvement which con-
sists in using, with a set of type-bars, a single electro-magnet arranged to impel
all the type-bars of such set, each type-bar as required, and an automatic break
whereby the circuit of said electro-magnet is broken so soon as its work is done,

page_text: (and whether the key depressed be released or not,) thereby to permit the instan-
taneous return of the type-bar to its normal position.
57. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, the combination with a set of
type-bars, of (a) a single electro-magnet acting to give movement to all said type-
bars, each as required; (b) keys and means controlled by them, whereby each
type-bar is connected, as required, with the electro-magnet aforesaid, and whereby
the circuit of said magnet is closed, on the depressing of a key, so that it gives
movement to the type-bar connected with it; and (e) an automatic circuit-breaker,
whereby the circuit of said magnet is broken at the proper instant, whether the
key or keys depressed is released or not.
58. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, the combination with a set of
type-bars, of (a) a single electro-magnet acting to give movement to all said type-
bars, each as required; (b) keys and means controlled by them whereby each
type-bar is connected, as required, with the electro-magnet aforesaid, and whereby
the circuit of said magnet is closed, on the depressing of a key, so that it gives
movement to the type-bar connected with it; (e) a switch or key in the circuit
of said electro-magnet; the armature of said magnet serving, when it has moved
a determined distance to act upon said switch or key, thereby to break its (said
magnet's) circuit, and permit an instantaneous return of the type-bar to its normal
position, whether the key or keys depressed be released or not.
59. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, the combination with a set of
type-bars, of (a) a single electro-magnet acting to give movement to all said type-
bars, each as required; (b) keys and means controlled by them, whereby each
type-bar is connected, as required, with the electro-magnet aforesaid, and whereby
the circuit of said magnet is closed, on the depressing of a key, so that it gives
movement to the type-bar connected with it; (c) a switch or key in the circuit
of said electro-magnet; the armature of said magnet serving, when it has moved
a determined distance, to act upon said switch or key, thereby to break its (said
magnet's) circuit, and permit an instantaneous return of the type-bar to its normal
position, whether the key or keys depressed be released or not; and (d) means
whereby said switch or key is prevented from returning to its normal position,
until the key or keys depressed be released.
60. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, the combination of (a) a
plurality of type-bars; (b) a single electro-magnet serving to give movement to all
of said type-bars, each as required; (c) keys, and means controlled by them,
whereby said type-bars are connected, each as required, with the electro-magnet
aforesaid, and whereby the circuit of said electro-magnet is closed; (d) a switch
or key, normally closing a break in the circuit of the electro-magnet aforesaid;
the armature of the electro-magnet aforesaid 'serving, when it has moved a deter-
mined distance, to act upon said switch or key, thereby breaking its (said magnet's)
circuit, and permitting an instantaneous return of the type-bar to its normal
position, whether the key depressed be released or not; and (e) a detent magnet,
whereby said switch or key is prevented from returning to its normal position,
until the key depressed is released.
61. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a motor magnet of a switch
or key, controlled by said motor magnet and controlling a break in a circuit, and
a detent magnet for said switch.
62. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a group of type-bars,
striking to a common printing center; (b) a magnet acting to give movement to all
said type-bars, each as required; (c) a shifting member, whereby the magnet
aforesaid is connected with the different type-bars aforesaid, each as required;
() one or more keys, whereby said shifting member is shifted; (e) means, whereby
the circuit of the magnet aforesaid is closed; and (f) a lever or frame, controlled
by the key or keys aforesaid (by which the shifting member aforesaid is shifted),
said lever or frame serving, in its normal position, to close a break in the circuit of
the magnet aforesaid, and serving when moved from such its normal position by the

page_text: key or keys aforesaid to open said break, (thereby to prevent the acting of the
magnet aforesaid, while the shifting member aforesaid is being shifted,) and to
close said break in the circuit as said shifting-member reaches the limit of its
movement and comes to rest
63. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, (a) a plurality of groups of
type-bars; (b) type-bar-corresponding levers, each connected with one of the type-
bars aforesaid; (c) group-controlling levers, each acting to control a different
group of the type-bars and type-bar-corresponding levers aforesaid; (d) a motor
magnet acting to give movement to the different group-controlling levers afore-
said, each as required; (e) keys, whereby said group-controlling levers are con-
nected, each as required, with the motor magnet aforesaid; (f) a set of movement
transmitters, disposed intermediate the group-controlling levers aforesaid and the
type-bar-corresponding levers aforesaid, said movement transmitters serving each
to connect one of the group-controlling levers aforesaid with the different type-bar-
corresponding levers operated by it, each as required; (g) a shifter, whereby said
movement transmitters are moved as a set; (h) one or more keys, acting to position
said shifter; (2) a circuit-closing device, operated by some or all of the keys afore-
said, and acting to close the circuit of the motor magnet aforesaid, and (k) a frame
or lever, serving when in its normal position, to close a break in the circuit of
the motor magnet aforesaid, said frame or lever being moved from such its normal
position by the key or keys before mentioned, as acting to position the shifter
aforesaid, and serving when thus moved from its normal position to open the
break controlled by it in the circuit of the motor magnet aforesaid, thereby to
prevent said magnet from acting until the shifter aforesaid has been positioned:
said frame or lever serving to close the circuit of said-magnet as said shifter comes
to rest in the position required.
64. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the pins k; 2, k³, etc., and
the shifter or carrier, wherein said pins are mounted, and the keys as B1, B2, B3
whereby said shifter or carrier is positioned, of a lever or frame, controlled by
said keys and serving, when in its normal position, to close a break in the circuit
of a type-bar-impelling electro-magnet, and serving when moved from. such its
normal position by the keys aforesaid, to open said break and to close it again when
said keys reach the limit of their movement and as the shifter or carrier aforesaid
is coming to rest in the position into which it has been moved by the key depressed.
65. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a set of type-
bars, a permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism such in principle as that
illustrated in Figures 1 to 17 of the accompanying drawings.
66. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a set of type-
bars, a permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism such in substance and principle
as that illustrated in Figures 1 to 17 of the accompanying drawings.
67. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a set of type-
bars, a permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism, such in principle as that
illustrated in Figures 1 to 17 of the accompanying drawings, and having, in
combination with one common motor device, serving for all the type-bars of a set,
(a) the levers as f, f, connected respectively with the different type-bars of such
set; (b) the group-controlling elements as e¹, e², e, etc., with the keys whereby said
group-controlling elements are connected, each as required, with the motor device
aforesaid; (c) the shiftable movement transmitters, as k¹, 2, 3, intermediate the
group-controlling elements as e¹, e², e³, etc. aforesaid, and the corresponding
type-bar-connected levers f, f; and (d) one or more other keys (adapted to be
depressed simultaneously with the keys above mentioned,) serving to position or
shift the shiftable movement transmitters aforesaid, thereby to bring each of said
shiftable movement transmitters into operative relation with the different type-
bar-connected levers f, f, controlled by it, as required.
68. In a permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism, for use in a type-writing
machine, the combination, with a plurality of group-controlling levers, as e¹, 2,

page_text: e, etc., and the groups of type-bar-connected levers as f, f, controlled respectively
by them, of movement transmitters intermediate said group-controlling levers
and said type-bar-connected levers, and one or more keys controlling the position-
ing of said movement transmitters.
69. In a permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism, for use in a type-writing
machine, the combination, with a plurality of group-controlling levers, as e, ea,
e, etc., and the groups of type-bar-connected levers as f, f, controlled respectively
by them, of pins k, 2, 3, etc. mounted in a suitable carrier, and one or more.
keys controlling said carrier thereby to position the pins aforesaid, as required.
70. In a type-writing machine, and in combination, the levers, as e¹, e, e³, etc.,
Figures 1 to 17; the type-bars and the type-bar connected levers f, f; the pins
as k, l, k³, etc., and suitable means whereby said pins are shifted as a set, thereby
to connect the different group-controlling levers e¹, e², e³, etc., each with the
different levers f, f, and type-bars controlled by it, as required.
71. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a set of type-
bars, striking all to a common printing center; a permutational type-bar-selecting
mechanism such in principle as that illustrated in Figures 18, 19 and 20.
72. In a type-writing machine, and in combination therein with a set of type-
bars striking to a common printing center, a permutational type-bar-selecting
mechanism, such in principle as that illustrated in Figures 18, 19 and 20, and
having a single motor device acting to give movement to the different group-
controlling elements, as e¹, e2, 3, of a set.
73. In a type-writing machine, a permutational type-bar-selecting mechanism,
such in substance as that illustrated in Figures 18, 19 and 20, having, in combina-
tion with the type-bars of a set and the levers as f, f, connected therewith,
(a) group-controlling levers, as c', e², e³; (b) a suitable motor device, serving to
give movement to said group-controlling levers e¹, e², e³, each as required; (c) keys
acting to connect the different group-controlling levers aforesaid with the motor
device aforesaid, each as required; (d) frames as d, d', d, d³, adapted to co-act
with the group-controlling levers e¹, e², c³, etc. aforesaid, in controlling the type-
bar-connected levers f, f; and (e) key-mechanism, whereby the frames as d,d,
d, etc. are controlled simultaneously with the group-controlling levers, as e¹, e³,
e3, etc., aforesaid.
74. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device, such in general principle as
that illustrated in Figures 18, 19 and 20, the combination with the different group-
controlling levers, as e¹, c², e³, etc. of (a) a frame, serving the purpose of giving
movement to said group-controlling levers, each as required; and (b) keys and
means controlled by them, whereby the different group-controlling levers aforesaid
are connected, each as required, with the frame aforesaid.
75. In a permutational type-bar-selecting device such in general principle as
that illustrated in Figures 19 and 20 the combination with the different group-
controlling levers as e¹, e², c³, etc. of (a) a frame, serving the purpose of giving
movement to said group-controlling levers, each as required; (b) keys and means
controlled by them whereby the different group-controlling levers aforesaid are
connected, each as required, with the frame aforesaid, and (c) a suitable motor
device controlled by the keys aforesaid, and acting to give movement to the frame
aforesaid, upon the depression of a key, thereby to actuate the group-controlling
element which may, at the time, be connected with it.
·
1700
3333 KAY
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26, Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26, Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.