Improvements in and relating to Velocipedes.
Year: 1892

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as allowed by
the decision of the Comptroller General of the 6th day of November 1897.
Improvements in and relating to Velocipedes.
ZACHARY HARRIS KINGDON, of 1 Mycena Road, Westcombe Park, London, S.E.,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
For the better description of my invention I have divided it into four parts.
The first part relates to an improved means of communicating the power applied
to the pedals of velocipedes to the driving wheels, and consists of a longitudinal
shaft carried in suitable bearings attached to the frame of the machine and which
crosses, but does not intersect, both the crank spindle and the axis of the wheel
and which gears with each through a pair of screw wheels. The longitudinal shaft
may be at right angles to the crank spindle and wheel axle, or it may lie at any
other convenient angle with them and it may be either above or below them. In
one form of this gearing the pitch surfaces of both wheels are hollow in longitudinal
or axial section being hyperboloids of revolution when accurately constructed, but
as modifications one or both of them may be cylindrical as in ordinary worm
gearing. This arrangement is peculiarly advantageous for tandem velocipedes
carrying two or more riders and is also applicable to machines driven by hand or
otherwise.
The second part relates to gear casings which may be partially or wholly
incorporated with or form part of the bearing brackets and framing, or any number
or portion thereof, and may be made oil and dust tight. For example a pair of
the gear wheels referred to in the first part of this Specification may be enveloped
in an adjacent bearing bracket, or an extension thereof, while the longitudinal
shaft may pass through a tubular stay of the frame: whereas in the well known
pitch chain gearing the chain wheels may be enclosed by suitably formed brackets
and the chain may be led through tubular stays.
The third part relates to tubes for constructing the frames of velocipedes and
consists in strengthening such tubes, mainly against collapse, and includes the
following modifications, viz.-(1.) The tubes may be drawn with longitudinal ribs,
either hollow or solid, arranged around either the inner or outer surfaces of the
tubes, or the ribs may be formed by rolling or any other process:-(2.) Brazed
tubes may be rolled out of ribbed sheets so that the ribs form either rings or
helices on either the inner or outer surfaces of the tubes, or the rings or helices
may be formed by any other process:-(3.) A corrugated tube may be placed
within or outside a plain tube, or a corrugated tube may be placed in the annular
space between an inner and outer plain tube:-(4.) A plain tube may be
strengthened by inserting into it a helix or helices of small tube or of wire of
circular or other section:-(5.) A rod or star-like cross section may be inserted
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page_text: within a plain tube so that its radiating parts support the walls of the tube:-
(6.) A plain tube may be strengthened by inserting within it a series of thin
diaphragms, or rings of any suitable section, strung on a central wire or tube, or
kept in position by other suitable means;-(7.) Within a plain tube may be
inserted another tube having radiating longitudinal webs on its outer surface
which meet and support the walls of the outer tube. In any of these built up
tubes the component parts may be brazed or otherwise secured together or they
may be merely fitted together.
The fourth part-relates to a means of attaching the outside cover used for
protecting the air tube of a pneumatic 'tyre to the metal rim, and consists in
moulding or forming on the surface of the cover a series of projections which
engage holes or pits in the rim.
1.
.COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in and relating to Velocipedes...
ZACHARY HARRIS KINGDON, of 1 Mycena Road, Westcombe Park, London, S.E.,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to:-First, driying gear; and second, gear casings.
First: It being premised that screw-gearing' consists of screw-wheels
which are wheels having a series of ridges, called teeth or threads, alternating with
hollows, called spaces, parallel or nearly parallel to the successive lines of contact
of the ideal toothless wheels or pitch-surfaces,' whose velocity ratio of rotation it
is the object of these teeth to maintain, and that each tooth constitutes a portion
of a helix, spiral, scroll or screw-thread, and that by means of one pair of screw-
wheels any two shafts, whatever their relative positions and directions, may be
connected so that the rotation of one will cause rotation of the other; in one
arrangement the motive power applied to the pedals is communicated to the driving
wheels through a longitudinal shaft carried in suitable bearings in or attached' to
the frame of the machine and which crosses in direction, but does not necessarily
intersect, the crank spindle and the driving wheel axle, and which is geared with
them by means of screw-wheels. The longitudinal shaft is at right angles to
the crank spindle and driving wheel axle; or, it may make any other convenient
angle with them; and it may be either above or below them, or in any other suitable
position with regard to them. Figs. 1 and 2 show this driving gear fitted to a
tandem safety bicycle for two riders, but it is also applicable to single machines
as well as to those carrying more than two riders. In one form of this gearing
the pitch surfaces of both wheels of a pair aré hyperboloids if properly constructed,
but as modifications they may take the form of the familiar approximations known
as scroll or spiral wheels (which are modified forms of frustra selected from the
throats of toothed hyperboloids) and skew bevil wheels (which are modified forms
of frustra of toothed hyperboloids situated at some distance from their throats);
while worm gear and helical gear (which may be defined as screw gear in which
the teeth of one wheel of a pair are right-handed screw threads, those of the other
being left-handed) in which the pitch surfaces are cones with either single or
double helical teeth constitute other forms. The speed ratio required between the
crank spindle and the driving wheel may be obtained either wholly by one pair
gear wheels or partly in each pair.
of

page_text: The gear casings of the screw gear are constructed so as to be partially or wholly
incorporated with and form part of the bearing brackets or frame of the machine,
and they may be made dust and oil tight, (see Figs. 1 and 2) the casings around
the gear wheels being incorporated with the adjacent bearing brackets and receiving
some of the members of the frame of the machine and the longitudinal shaft
being enclosed in a tube forming a brace or stay.
Fig. 3 shows an application of gear casings to a machine having the ordinary
chain gear.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In the tandem safety bicycle for two riders shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a b, a b, de
are three pairs of screw wheels, of which a, a, are secured to the crank axles of the
machine, b, b, d, to the longitudinal shaft c, and e to the hub of the driving wheel F.
The casings g, g, which surround the gear wheels a b, a bare formed with the
bearing brackets G, G, which carry the crank axles, and the casing / surrounding
the gear wheels de is formed with the bracket which carries one end of the pin on
which the wheel F, runs. These bracket-casings receive members m, m, of
the frame which are brazed into them in the ordinary way, and the tubes t, t,
surrounding the longitudinal shaft c, thus completing the casing of the driving
mechanism, are also brazed into the bracket-casings and so form a portion of the
frame.
In Fig. 3, a and b are the sprocket wheels secured respectively to the crank-
axle and driving wheel hub of a single safety bicycle of the chain geared type,
ee being the chain.
The casing is formed with the bracket G, and the casing carries one end of
the pin on which the driving wheel runs; the chain passes through the tubes t, t,
which connect the casings g, and h, and dispense with the usual chain stays.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The arrangement of screw gearing, longitudinal shaft, gear casing and fram-
ing for a safety bicycle hereinbefore described; and also the special construction
and combination as illustrated in, and set forth with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
2. Gear casings for the transmission mechanism of velocipedes, constructed as
parts or extensions of parts of the frames of the machines, boxes being employed
for chain wheels, and tubes for chains; substantially as hereinbefore described, and
illustrated in Figure 3.
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