IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS PROAL
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Kent, of High Holborn, in the County of
Middlesex, and Edward Paige Griffiths, of High Street, Camberwell, in
the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Kent and Edward.
Paige Griffiths at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th November 1862.
We, GEORGE ENT,, of High, Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and
EDWARD PAIGE GRIFFITHS, of High Street, Camberwell, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR REDUCING COCOA BERRIES, AND OTHER VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL
SUBSTANCES, TO POWDER OR PULP, AND FOR MASHING POTATOES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for reducing
cocoa berries and other vegetable and animal substances to powder or pulp,
and for mashing potatoes. For these purposes a cylindrical vessel is by
preference used, though the form of the upper part of the vessel' may be
varied; at the lower part of this vessel there is formed a bottom or horizontal
partition composed of angular blades, the cutting edges of which radiate from
[Price 8d.1

page_text: a circle at the centre to the outer circumference of the vessel. The cutting
edge of each of these blades or cutters is so formed and fixed in respect to the
back edge of the next angular blade as to come slightly above the back edge
of the next blade, hence, when the nibs or broken parts of the roasted cocoa
berries are, as is hereafter explained, driven round against the cutters, they
will be cut, and the fine cuttings or powder thus produced will pass through
between the spaces where the cutting edges of the cutters overlap or rise
above the back edges of the neighbouring blades. In the central plate of the
horizontal partition or bottom above mentioned is a bearing for an upright
shaft or axis, on which is fixed an instrument consisting of several inclined
projections, the lower surface of each of which comes in contact with, or
nearly so, with the radial cutting edges of the angular blades above described;
such lower edges of the inclines do not radiate from the centre of the axis or
shaft, but are at an angle to the cutting edges of the blades, hence, when the
axis or shaft is caused to rotate, the inclined projections from. the shaft will
cause the nibs or separated parts of the cocoa berries to be carried round by
the inclines, and by them will be pressed against the cutting edges of the fixed
angular blades. When the apparatus is to be employed in reducing bread or
other vegetable substance, or to mash potatoes, or to reduce animal matter
which has been pounded or beaten a mortar, or otherwise, a bottom is
introduced into the vessel constructed of woven wire gauze, in place of the
angular blades. The upper part of the axis turns in a bearing in the centre
carried by a frame consisting of three radial arms, which have hook-formed
ends, which respectively pass under lugs or projections at the upper edge of
the vessel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Kent and Edward Paige Griffiths in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 8th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
KENT, of High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and EDWARD PAIGE
GRIFFITHS, of High Street, Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto

page_text: us, the said George Kent and Edward Paige Griffiths, Her special licence,
that we, the said George Kent and Edward, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Kent and Edward
Paige Griffiths, our executors, administrators; and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REDUCING COCOA BERRIES, AND OTHER
VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL SUBSTANCES TO POWDER OR PULP, AND FOR MASHING
POTATOES," upon the condition (amongst others), that we, the said George
Kent and Edward Paige Griffiths, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Paige Griffiths, on behalf of
myself and the said George Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for reducing
cocoa berries and other vegetable and animal substances to powder or pulp,
and for mashing potatoes. For these purposes a cylindrical vessel is by
preference used, though the form of the upper part of the vessel may be
varied; at the lower part of this vessel there is formed a bottom or horizontal
partition, composed of angular blades, the cutting edges of which radiate from
a circle at the centre to the outer circumference of the vessel. The cutting
edge of each of these blades or cutters is so formed and fixed in respect to the
back edge of the next angular blade as to come slightly above the back edge
of the next blade, hence, when the nibs or broken parts of the roasted cocoa
berries are, as is hereafter explained, driven round against the cutters, they
will be cut, and the fine cuttings or powder thus produced will pass through
between the spaces where the cutting edges of the cutters. overlap or rise
above the back edges of the neighbouring blades. In the central plate of the
horizontal partition or bottom above mentioned is a bearing for an upright
shaft or axis, on which is fixed an instrument consisting of several inclined.

page_text: projections, the lower surface of each of which comes in contact, or nearly so,
with the radial cutting edges of the angular blades above described, such
lower edges of the inclines do not radiate from the centre of the axis or shaft,
but are at an angle to the cutting edges of the blades; hence, when the axis
or shaft is caused to rotate, the inclined projections from the shaft will cause
the nibs or separated parts of the cocoa berries to be carried round by the
inclines, and by them will be pressed against the cutting edges of the fixed
angular blades. When the apparatus is to be employed in reducing bread or
other vegetable substance, or to mash potatoes, or to reduce animal matter
which has been pounded or beaten in a mortar, or otherwise, a bottom is
introduced into the vessel constructed of woven wire gauze, in place of the
angular blades. The upper part of the axis turns in a bearing in the centre
carried by a frame consisting of three radial arms, which have hook-formed
ends which respectively pass under lugs or projections at the upper edge of
the vessel.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows an outside elevation of an apparatus constructed or com-
bined according to our Invention for reducing cocoa berries and other
vegetable and animal substances to powder or pulp; Figure 2 is a plan
thereof, and Figure 3 a vertical section.
a, a, is the vessel or receiver for the cocoa berries, which is supported on
suitable legs b, b. At the lower part of the vessel a there is formed a
horizontal bottom composed of angular blades c, the outer ends of which are
fixed, as is shown, whilst the inner ends are retained securely between the
flange d of the upright step d² (on which the shaft e rotates), and the under
plate d¹, to which such step is fixed by a screw nut, as is shown. The upright
shaft e at its lower end is supported and turns on the fixed step d². On the
upright shaft are fixed the inclined projections e, e¹, by which, when the
shaft is caused to rotate, the substances will be carried round and pressed
against the cutting edges of the cutters c.
Figure 4 shows an outside elevation of another apparatus constructed or
combined according to our Invention; Figure 5 is a plan, and Figure 6 is a
vertical section. This apparatus is peculiarly suitable for mashing potatoes,
but it is also applicable for reducing bread and other vegetable substances,
and also animal matter which has been pounded or beaten in a mortar or
otherwise.

page_text: a, a, is a vessel, which it is preferred should be of a cylindrical form, which
is supported in a suitable mauner, as shown; c is a bottom of woven wire,
which is fixed in a frame which is supported on the internal flange formed at
the bottom of the vessel a, a. The upright shaft or axis e turns in a bearing
at f. On the lower end of the upright shaft or axis e are blades e¹, e¹, by
which the substances in the vessel are carried round and pressed on to
and through the meshes or openings in the woven wire bottom.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that we make no claim
to any of the mechanical parts separately; but what we claim is,-
The combined arrangement herein described with reference to Figures 1,
2, and 3 of the Drawings.
And, secondly, we claim the combined arrangement herein described
with reference to Figures 4, 5, and 6 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Paige Griffiths, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
EDWARD PAIGE GRIFFITHS. (L.S.)