AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN PILING IRON
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Williams, of West Bromwich, in the County
of Stafford, Forge and Mill Manager, and Edward Rowley, of West
Bromwich, aforesaid, Iron Roller, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
OR IMPROVEMENTS IN PILING IRON "
Sealed the 10th September 1858, and dated the 19th March 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Williams and
Edward Rowley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 19th March 1858.
We, GEORGE WILLIAMS, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford,
Forge and Mill Manager, and EDWARD ROWLEY, of West Bromwich, afore-
said, Iron Roller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN PILING IRON," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the method or methods herein-after described of
making box piles of iron, which said piles when heated to a welding heat are
made by rolling into bars, to be used for such purposes as the sanie are or may
be applicable to.
In piling iron according to our Invention, we take a plate or bar of iron,
near the edges of which grooves or depressions are formed running the whole
length of the said bar; we place the said bar or plate horizontally and put two
other bars thereon, the said bars .having their edges placed in the grooves of.

page_text: the first-mentioned bar. The said bars stand vertically on their edges, and
form a trough-like figure with the first bar. We take a fourth bar similar to
the first one and place it with its grooved side downwards upon the two plain
bars, the edges of the plain bars engaging in the grooves in the fourth bar.
There is thus formed a hollow pile of a rectangular figure in transverse section,
the said pile being composed of four bars or plates engaged together. The
interior of the box pile may be filled with scrap iron or with plates or bars of
iron. When heated to a welding heat and rolled the pile is made into a
compact bar, the surface of which is nowhere liable to laminate under wear or
pressure.
Although we prefer to use two grooved plates placed opposite to each other,
as described, yet we sometimes use one grooved plate and three plain plates or
bars. We make the grooved bars or plates either in the forge or mill, as may
be most convenient.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Williams and Edward Rowley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
WILLIAMS, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Forge and Mill
Manager, and EDWARD ROWLEY, of West Bromwich, aforesaid, Iron Roller,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said George Williams and Edward Rowley, Her special licence that
we, the said George Williams and Edward Rowley, our executors, adminis-.
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Williams and.
Edward Rowley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN PILING IRON," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said George Williams and Edward Rowley, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and

page_text: seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Rowley, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of the method or methods, herein-after particularly
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, of making box piles
of iron, which said box piles, when heated to a welding heat, are made by
rolling into strip or hoop iron or into bars, to be used for such purposes as
the same are or may be applicable to. In making piles according to our
Invention we take a plate or bar of iron, as shown in transverse section at a,
Figure 1, near the edges of which bar, grooves or troughs b, b, are made, the
said grooves or troughs b, b, running the whole length of the bar a. The bar
a being placed horizontally, we place two other bars c, d, upon the said bar a,
the bars c, d, standing vertically, as represented, and having their lower edges
c', d', inserted in the grooves b, b, in the bar a. The bars c, d, form a trough- 1
like figure with the bar a. We take a fourth bar e, which may either be
plane or have grooves or troughs in it similar to the grooves b in the bar a.
The said bar e is placed upon the edges of the bars c, d, so shown in the Figure.
When the bar e has grooves similar to the grooves b in the bar a, the upper
edges of the bars c, d, are formed similarly to the lower edges c, d, and the
top plate or bar e engages with the plates c, d, in a manner similar to that
in which the plate or bar a engages with the said bars c, d. There is thus
formed a hollow pile of a rectangular figure in transverse section, the said pile
being composed of four bars engaged together. The interior of the box pile,
Figure 1, may be filled with scrap iron or with plates or bars of iron rail ends
or other waste pieces of iron of various shapes. When heated to a welding
heat and rolled the pile is made into a compact bar, the surface of which is
nowhere liable to laminate under wear or pressure.
Figure 2 represents in transverse section a bar of T-iron rolled from a pile
made according to our Invention; Figure 3 represents in transverse section
a bar of angle iron having equal sides rolled from a pile made according to
our Invention; and Figure 4 represents in transverse section a bar of angle
iron having unequal sides rolled from a pile made according to our Invention;
Figure 5 represents in transverse section a cylindrical solid bar or axle made

page_text: from a pile constructed according to our Invention. The direction of the
fibre in the iron in the said Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, is indicated by the section
lines, by which it will be seen that the edges of the layers are either not at
all exposed or so little exposed as to render the bars little liable to lamination.
When we wish to make beams or girders we prefer to pile the iron in the
way illustrated in the transverse section, Figures 6 and 7, from which piles
the girders, Figures 8 and 9 respectively, are rolled. The direction of the
fibre is indicated in Figures 8 and 9 by the section lines. In piling iron for
beams or girders we prefer to make the upper and lower plates of greater
breadth than the body, and also to make the sides of the pile engage in the
top plate as well as the bottom, as represented in the said Figures 6 and 7.
The interior of the piles, Figures 6 and 7, is filled with bar iron or plates of
iron, as represented.
When we wish to make a double girder of the form represented in section
in Figure 10, we prefer to make the pile in the way illustrated in the trans-
verse section, Figure 11, which said Figure 11 is in all essential respects a
duplication of the pile, Figure 7, having but one bar f in its middle instead
of two bars. If two of the piles, Figure 7, were joined together, the bottom
plate of one being placed upon the top plate of the other, they would produce
a pile similar to that represented in Figure 11, excepting that instead of one
plate there would be separate plates.in the middle of the pile.
When we wish to make piles for rolling iron of large dimensions, the top
and bottom bars may be looped or engaged together in the manner shown
at 9 in Figure 12. In this way the pile may be made of any desired width
or length, and may be rolled or hammered into flat bars, square or round bars,
for shafting, boiler, and other plates. Instead of filling the interior of the pile,
Figure 12, with bars or plates of iron, as represented, the said pile may be
filled with scrap or waste iron of various figures.
When more than two bars are employed to form the top, plate of the pile,
Figure 12, the said bars are engaged or looped together by loops similar to
the loop g in the said Figure 12. The bars or plates having grooves or
troughs therein, to be used for the bottom or top and bottom of piles con-
structed according to our Invention, may be made either at the forge or mill,
as may be most convenient.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the precise details herein described, and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing, as the same may be varied without departing from
the nature of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention the improvement

page_text: or improvements in piling iron, herein-before described, and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing, that is to say, making box piles by causing the side
plates of the said piles to engage in grooves or troughs in the bottom or top
and bottom plates of the said piles; also the modifications described and
represented in Figures 11 and 12 of the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Rowley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw.
EDWARD ROWLEY. (L.S.)