Improvements in Dust Shields or Protectors for Rolling-stock and other Machinery and in the Manufacture of the same.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dust Shields or Protectors for Rolling-stock and
other Machinery and in the Manufacture of the same.
I, HARRY KENNETH AUSTIN of Lyndhurst Washwood Heath in the County of
Warwick Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in dust shields or protectors for
rolling stock and other machinery and in the manufacture of the same by which I am
enabled to prevent dust from entering the surfaces of the bearings in contact as
also to prevent the escape of oil from the same thus minimizing friction and
economizing power.
For the purpose of applying my invention to axle boxes for rolling stock I form the
back of the box with a surface into which I insert one or more pins which take the
weight of the dust shield and also prevent it from turning round.
The shield itself is made in the form of a bush made of any material or may be
made of a rectangular piece of wood, metal or other material & has either a single
outer turned surface or a single inner bored surface and the back part of the axle box
is made to surround it or come up to it in such a manner that while the hush being
supported by the pin or pins before described it works through the opening at the
back; there is a slight clearance all round the bush to prevent friction and also
to prevent the possibility of the bush rusting in place. The bush and back part of the
casing may be galvanized tinned, painted or otherwise protected to further prevent
such rusting. The outer surface of the bush bears against the face of the revolving
boss of wheel or shaft or pulley in the ordinary manner and is kept up to its work by
means of spiral, flat, or other springs, surrounding the guide pins before described,
or placed in separate recesses.
The outer edge of bush may be provided with an angle piece to strengthen same
and may also carry the springs before described.
The guide pins may be attached to the casing containing the bearing in which case
a clearance is allowed in the bush itself in such a manner that the head of the pin
and shank of same bears against and supports the bush; or, the guide pin or pins
may be fixed in the bush itself in such a manner as to carry the weight of
the bush.
The bush may be made of an oval section & recessed to allow for special conditions
of wear & lubrication.
The bush may be made with recesses or oil chambers and lids closing same in
connection with the casing and bush itself so that it may be lubricated at any time.
The interior of bush may be fitted with an internal packing of felt or other
suitable material having its top edges chamfered or cut at an angle in such a
manner as to prevent the creeping of oil along shaft and also for the better
lubrication of the revolving surface which is in contact with the bush. When the
bush has to be applied at some distance from the boss of wheel shaft or pulley
or when the surfaces of same are round or very uneven I provide a bearing plate
or bush made in such a manner that the body of same encircles and is fixed to
and revolves with the shaft, the angled ends of same take the pressure and wear
against the surface of the dust shield or bush.
In another form I carry the bush on the casing of axle box either entirely or
partially on the inner or outer diameter of bush; the bush in this case being
prevented from turning by its (the bush) being made with a projection or key cast
on to it or fitted into same and held by suitable pins the root of the key or
projection being rounded or filled in so as to strengthen it.

page_text: The casing as before described carries the bush on a single inner or outer
surface and has a projection or recess which fits into or around the key or recesses
provided on the bush for the purpose of preventing its rotation or the outer or
inner edge of bush is made with a flat surface or surfaces and the casing comes up
to same for the purpose of preventing the bush rotating and keeping same in
correct vertical position. The guide pins or projections before described may be
provided with chamfered recesses so that the spiral springs (when used) may be
sprung into such recesses and by this means hold the springs in position.
In any of the above mentioned applications of springs, spiral or bow springs (made
of flat steel) may be used.
The advantages which I claim in this form of bush is that being made with a
single bearing surface on the casing of the axle box or lubricating chamber I by
this means reduce friction and at the same time having the bush made with projections
on its inner or outer diameters prevent the bush from turning round-the pins
which hold the pressure springs in place being cast in or fixed to the bush. The
greatest advantage is obtained by the whole arrangement for keeping out dust being
made in one piece which when required can be replaced by one simple movement.
The axle box casing or lubricating chamber may have at a distance from the bush
a rib cast around same in such a manner that by means of its sloping surface it keeps
all rain, stones dust &c. from penetrating to the surface of the dust shield or bush
bearing against the face of wheel.
The bush is manufactured in the form of a tube which will make a number of
bushes with the projecting key or flat surfaces cast on the inner or outer diameter
of same with recesses or spaces cored or otherwise where the parting tool is
applied when cutting the bush off in the turning lathe.
Dated this 14th day of January 1890.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dust Shields or Protectors for Rolling-stock and
other Machinery and in the Manufacture of the same.
I, HARRY KENNETH AUSTIN of Lyndhurst, Washwood Heath in the County of
Warwick Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
:-
My invention has for its object improvements in dust shields or protectors for
rolling stock and other machinery and in the manufacture of the same by which I
am enabled to prevent dust from entering the surfaces of the bearings in contact
as also to prevent the escape of oil from the same thus minimizing the friction
and economizing power.
For the purpose of applying my invention to axle boxes for rolling stock, I form
the back of the box with a surface into which I insert one or more pins which
take the weight of the dust shield and also prevent it from turning round.
The shield itself is made in the form of a bush, made of any material, or may
be made of a rectangular piece of wood metal or other material and has either
a single outer turned surface, or a single inner bored surface and the back
part of the axle box is made to surround it or come up to it in such a manner
that while the bush is being supported by the pin or pins before described
it works through the opening at the back; there is a slight clearance all
round the bush to prevent friction, and also to prevent the possibility of the bush
rusting in place. The bush and back part of the casing may be galvanized,
tinned painted or otherwise protected to further prevent such rusting. The outer
surface of the bush bears against the face of the revolving boss of the wheel, or
shaft or pulley, in the ordinary manner and is kept up to its work by means of spiral,

page_text: flat or other springs surrounding the guide pins before described, or placed in separate
recesses.
The outer edge of bush may be provided with an angle piece to strengthen.same
and may also carry the springs before described.
The guide pins may be attached to the casing containing the bearing in which case
a clearance is allowed in the bush itself in such a manner that the head of the pin
and shank of same bears against and supports the bush itself in such a manner as
to carry the weight of the bush.
The bush nay be made of an oval section and recessed to allow for special conditions
of wear and lubrication.
The bush may be made with recesses or oil chambers and lids closing same in
connection with the casing and bush itself so that it may be lubricated at any time.
The interior of the bush may be fitted with an internal packing of felt or other suitable
material having its top edges chamfered or cut at an angle in such a manner as to
prevent the creeping of oil along the shaft and also for the better lubrication of
the revolving surface which is in contact with the bush. When the bush has to be
applied at some distance from the boss of the wheel, shaft or pulley, or, when the
surfaces of same are round or very uneven I provide a bearing plate or bush made
in such a manner that the body of same encircles and is fixed to and revolves
with the shaft, the angled ends of same take the pressure and wear against the
surface of the dust shield or bush.
In another forin I carry the bush on the casing of the axle box either entirely
or partially on the inner or outer diameter of the bush; the bush in this case
being prevented from turning by its being made with a projection or key cast on
to it or fitted into same and held by suitable pins; the root of key or projection
being rounded or filled in so as to strengthen it.
The casing as before described carries the bush on a single inner or outer
surface and has a projection, or recess which fits into or around the key, or recesses,
provided on the bush for the purpose of preventing its rotation, or the outer or
inner edge of the bush is made with a flat surface or surfaces and the casing comes
up to same for the purpose of preventing the bush rotating and keeping same in correct
vertical position.
The guide pins or projections before described may be provided with chamfered
recesses so that the spiral springs (when used) may be sprung into such recesses
and by this means hold the springs in position. In any of the above mentioned
application of springs, spiral or bow springs (made of flat steel) may be used.
The advantages which I claim in this form of bush is that being made with a
single bearing surface on the casing of the axle-box or lubricating chamber I by
this means reduce friction, and at the same time having the bush made with
projections on its inner or outer diameters prevent the bush from turning round;-
the pins which hold the pressure springs in place being cast in or fixed to the bush.
The greatest advantage is obtained by the whole arrangement for keeping out dust
being made in one piece which when required can be replaced by one simple
movement.
The axle box casing or lubricating chamber may have at a distance from the bush
a rib cast around same in such a manner that by means of its sloping surface it keeps
all rain, stones, dust &c. from penetrating to the surface of the dust shield or bush
bearing against the face of the wheel. The bush is manufactured in the form of a
tube which will make a number of bushes with the projecting key or flat surfaces
cast on the inner or outer diameter of same with recesses or spaces cored or
otherwise where the parting tool is applied when cutting the bush off in the
turning lathe.
I will now proceed to more fully disclose my invention and method of carrying it
out by reference to the drawings attached hereto upon which I have shown twenty
seven figures. The letters of reference are not always interchangeable in the various
figures but this will be understood by the direct reference to the various figures.in
each case.

page_text: Figure 1 is a half cross section of an axle box to which the bush is applied.
Figure 2 is a half back view of same.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of same.
Figure 4 is a plan of same.
A' Figure 2 is the bush surrounding the axle B and fits in the back of the axle box
which is formed with a circular aperature A2 Figures 2 and 3. The hush A¹ bears
against the face of the wheel A3 Figure 3 and is supplied with pins A* and A³ Figure 4
which act as guides and are attached to the main casing of the axle box A Figure 3.
The bush can be carried as shewn in Figure 3 on a single inner bored surface of the
axle box; or it may fit on a single outer turned surface as per c¹ Figure 5. The
bush may be made to fit around the axle and against the face of the wheel as
shewn in Figure 6 at D where D¹ is the axle and D2 the face of the wheel;
Figure 7 is the front of same with the wheel removed, D is the bush and D¹ is the
axle. The bush may be made with clearance D³ at top as shewn in Figure 8 and
as shewn in Figures 9 and 10 which are front views of the same bush with the
wheel removed allowing for the clearance D³ which is for the purpose of allowing
the downward movement of the axle box main casing. The bush may also be
made as shewn in Figure 11 and 12 with the axle piece E bearing against
the face of wheel E¹ and supplied with spring or springs E2, which provides
for the lateral movement by pressing against the face of the axle as shewn by the
line E³.
Figures 13 and 14 shew methods of supplying oil to the bush where F is the main
casing of the axle-box and F¹ is the oil chamber in same which communicates
with the bush and oil chambers which are formed in the manner shewn by F2 so
that any oil supplied runs to the surface F3 and is thus distributed over same.
At Figure 14 G is a receiving cup for supplying oil to the bush itself when it is
working on an axle box with an outer turned surface. Figures 15 and 16 show a
similar arrangement of bush fitted with an internal packing of felt H or other
suitable material. H' is the bush upon which the pressure springs H² operate.
The whole of the packing is so arranged as to be removable from its position.
Figure 16 is a similar application of a packing of felt or other material I on the
outside of the casing K actuated by bolt K. These Figures 15 and 16 are shewn in
half sectional plan and they will with the previous description of bushes be readily
understood. K2 Figure 16 is a ring surrounding the packing I and can also be made
in one piece with the casing K if so desired. The covering piece ³ being acted
upon by the pressure bolt k¹.
Figure 17 shews a half plan of the bush strengthened with the angle piece L.
Figure 18 shews the back portion of an axle box M with the bush M¹ and springs M²
attached to the same.
Figure 19 is a front view of the bush M' shewing the springs M² and M³ in
profile which are attached by means of rivets M³ and M. The key M' Figure 19 is
supplied to prevent the bush from turning round and it engages with the projections M
Figure 18 which are formed onto the back part of the axle box casing, or a recess M³
Figure 20 may be made in the bush which fits into a suitable projection formed in the
back part of the axle box casing.
Figure 21 shews the bush formed with a flat surface M10 which also prevents the
bush from turning round as the bottom M10 engages on to the surface of the
projection M" when such movement is set up by the rotation of the axle.
Figure 22 shews a bush made of wood or other suitable material in a rectangular
form with a hole bored out of the centre and fitting on to a suitably formed projection M13
in the axle box casing.
Figure 23 is an enlarged detail of the pins A4 A5 (Figure 4) previously referred to
where N is a chamfered projection formed thereon for the purpose of holding the
spring in place. N2 is the spiral spring and N is the collar which takes up the
pressure exerted by the before mentioned spiral spring N².
Figure 24 is an elevation of a bush O which is fitted on to a base plate O² by rivets
or other suitable fastenings 03 and Figure 25 is a section of the same spring O*

page_text: which is attached to the base plate 0 and the bush 03 is held by rivets screws or it
may be otherwise fastened to it or even made in one piece with it.
Figure 26 is a side elevation & Figure 27 is a part end elevation of the bush as
manufactured in the form of a tube and is provided with the projecting key Por
other suitable surfaces may he formed or otherwise cored so as to prevent the bush
turning round in its place. The recesses P³ are formed where the parting tool is
applied when cutting the bush off in the turning lathe or other machine.
I do not limit myself to the use of the particular kinds of springs herein shown as
I may use either bow or other conveniently shaped springs with similar effect as
occasion may require.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
a
1. In combination with an axle box for rolling stock or other machinery
dust bush such as shewn surrounding the axle and held upon a single inner
or outer surface on the back of the axle box and actuated by spiral or other
springs.
2. A dust bush having lubricating chambers such as shown in combination with a
lubricating chamber in an axle box.
3. A dust bush formed of a ring of felt or other suitable material adjustable by
screws and springs substantially as herein described.
4. An axle box bush such as shewn by Figures 19, 20, 21 and 22 in combination
with an axle box made to receive the same substantially as described.
5. The manufacture of bushes in the manner substantially as herein set forth with
reference to Figures 26 and 27 of the annexed drawings.
Dated this 14th day of October 1800
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.