IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILS AND PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION AND PARTS OF RAILWAYS, AND TYRES OF RAILWAY WHEELS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Davie Morries Stirling, of the Larches,
near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Esquire, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILS AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Davic Morries.
Stirling at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 27th August 1853.
I, JOHN DAVIE MORRIES STIRLING, of the Larches, near Birming-
ham, in the County of Warwick, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILS
AND PARTS OF RAILWAYS, AND TYRES OF RAILWAY WHEELS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the piling certain descriptions of
iron for the purpose of being rolled into bars for the rails of railways,
for switches and crossings of railways, and for tyres of railway wheels,
and consists of piling bars of iron rendered crystalline by means of tin,
antimony, arsenic, or bismuth, with bars of other iron (combined or

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Davic Morries Stirling in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 27th February 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN DAVIE MORRIES STIRLING, of the Larches, near Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Davie Morrics Stirling,
Her special licence that I, the said John Davie Morries Stirling, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Davie Morries Stirling, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF RAILS AND PARTS OF RAILWAYS, AND TYRES OF RAILWAY WHEELS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Davie
Morries Stirling, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the.
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Davie Morries Stirling, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):

page_text: This Invention has for its object the piling certain descriptions of
iron for the purpose of being rolled into, bars for the rails of railway's,
for switchies and crossings of railways, and for tyres of railway wheels,
and consists of piling bars of iron rendered crystalline by means of tin,
antimony, arsenic, or bismuth, with bars of other iron (combined or not
with zinc), to give fibrous character to the interior and other parts
of such compound bars, the crystalline iron coming to the wearing
surfaces.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed
to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, and Figure 2, show two piles of iron, the outer plates a, a,
and b, b, being of that kind of iron now well known as "Stirling's
Patent Hardened Iron," and which is manufactured according to the
improvements described by me under previous Letters Patent granted
to me. In the piles, Figure 1, the edges of the side plates b, b, are
covered by the top and bottom plates a, a; whilst in Figure 2, this
arrangement is reversed, the side plates, b, b, covering the edges of
the top and bottom plates a, a; the object being to enclose the more
fibrous iron c, of which the interior of the piles is composed, with iron
hardened by the use of tin, antimony, arsenic, or bismuth, as is now
well understood. The bars rolled from the piles, Figures 1, and '2, are
intended for and will be found very useful in the constructing the wing
and point rails of railways. Figures 3, and 4, shew three forms of
piles suitable for being rolled or formed into flanched or unflanched
tyre iron for railway wheels. In each of these cases the plates a, a,
are of the patent hardened iron above mentioned, the other plates c, c,
being of more fibrous iron; but I do not confine myself to any parti-
cular number or thickness of the plates composing the piles, so long as
the arrangement of the fibrous and crystalline iron is such as I have
described. I would state that I prefer for the more fibrous parts of
cach pile to employ that description of iron which has been rendered
more fibrous by the use of zinc, as described by me under former
Patents, but other fibrous iron may be used in place thereof. In

page_text: making piles of fibrous and hardened iron, more especially when intended
for tyres, I recommend so to pile the iron that the bar or bars which
are intended to form the wearing or flanched surface should be made
longer than the other bars of the pile, and that the pile be constructed
as is shewn in Figure 5, care being taken by the workman that the pro-
jection of the upper bar or bars (if the pile be placed upon the smaller
base) be not to such an extent as to endanger the burning of the pro-
jecting parts when in the furnace. I also recommend that where the
hardened bar or bars, as above described, do not extend over the whole
width of the pile, they be formed, as shewn in Figure 4, narrower in
the upper surface than on the lower, and that the outside bar or bars
of fibrous or common iron which form the remainder of the upper
surface of the pile shall have a corresponding angle, as shown.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what
I claim is the piling of iron as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Davie Morries Stirling, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four.
Witness,
JNO. ALCOCK.
J. D. MORRIES STIRLING. (L.S.)