Improvements in Shearing and the like Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in Shearing and the like Machines.
I, CHARLES SCRIVEN, of the Leeds Old Foundry, Marsh Lane, Leeds, in the
County of York, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
My invention refers to improvements in the arrangement or combination of
the shearing blades in shearing and the like machines with the object of rendering
such machines capable of shearing a greater variety of bars i.c.abars of different
sizes and sections.
In the first place my invention consists in a combination of four shearing blades
to wit three stationary and one moving or working blade. The working blade
and the stationary blade opposite the same are fitted incapable of adjustment
that is to say the stationary blade is secured to a fixed portion of the machine, and
the working blade is fixed to the connection operating it. For the sake of brevity
and clearness merely it will be assumed that the edge of the just mentioned
stationary blade (hereinafter designated the fixed stationary blade) is horizontal
and the motion of the working blade vertical. The other two of the three stationary
blades are placed one to each side of the working and first mentioned stationary
blades and with their cutting edges vertical and are both fitted capable of adjust-
ment in a horizontal direction to and from each other by means of a screw, or screw
and nut, or screw and wedge or other suitable device so that they can be adjusted
to suit the width of the bar placed between them to be sheared. These two blades
are hereinafter referred to as the adjustable stationary blades. The three stationary
blades are all in the same plane, the right hand adjustable stationary blade rests
upon the fixed stationary blade and moves over the same during adjustment.
For the purpose of shearing bars of some sections more particularly of shear-
ing Zed bars the cutting edge of one of these adjustable stationary blades herein-
after distinguished as the long adjustable stationary blade extends some distance
beyond i.e. below the cutting edge of the fixed stationary blade, which latter
is then formed with an exposed vertical side, a corresponding gap being provided in
the machine. One of the legs of the Zed bar fits within the gap between
the exposed vertical edge of the fixed stationary blade and the lower part of
the vertical edge of the said long adjustable stationary blade. To prevent the
tearing of the lower edge of the just mentioned leg of the Zed bar and for similar
purposes the bottom end of the lower part of the long adjustable stationary blade
may be formed with a projection fitting a corresponding dovetailed recess in the
adjoining opposite lower end of the exposed side of the fixed stationary blade.
With such a combination of shearing blades as above described almost any ordinary
or usual sections and sizes of bars can be readily sheared without inserting fresh
shearing blades merely by adjusting the above mentioned stationary adjustable
blades.
In the second place my invention consists of a combination of: six shearing or

page_text: nicking blades four of which are moved each about a separate pin or centre the
other two being moved in slides. For the sake of this description the four hinged
blades may be considered as two pairs of blades, either a top and a bottom pair
or a right and a left pair. Considered as a top pair and a bottom pair the
bottom horizontal edges and outside vertical edges of the top blades are the
cutting or nicking edges, whilst in the bottom pair the top horizontal
and the outside vertical edges are the cutting or nicking edges. Con-
sidered as a right pair and a left pair the two blades in each pair move towards
each other and also towards the line joining the centres on which they are hinged
during the cutting or nicking movement. The sliding blades are placed to the
right and left of the hinged blades and with their cutting edges in the same plane
as the cutting edges of the hinged blades and centrally between the top and bottom
centres. The movement of the sliding blades during the cutting operation is
towards the adjoining i.e. outer vertical edges of the adjoining pair of hinged
blades. It will be evident that when an H bar is placed between this arrange-
ment of six blades with the web horizontal that the motion of each of the hinged
blades is diagonally towards the corresponding one of the four corners formed
by the junction of the web with the one or other of the flanges of the H bar.
Lastly my invention refers to a combination or arrangement of shearing blades
by means of which a portion of one of the legs of the Zed or angle bars or the
projecting part of the bulb of bulb bars or the like can be sheared off at any
desired part of the length of such hars, or by means of which plates and the like
can be notched and as a particular instance is applicable to the machine described
in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 21959 dated 19th November 1895.. This
arrangement consists of two sets to wit a stationary set and a moveable set each
comprised of three shearing blades the three blades being the one say horizontal
and the other two vertical and respectively close to the ends of the horizontal
blade. The one set say the working set are preferably so arranged as to fit close-
within the other when they overlap.
The movement of the working blades in any of the above cases may be effected
either by mechanical means or by hydraulic or steam device. In the second
mentioned arrangement I prefer to actuate the six blades by means of four
hydraulic cylinders viz.: one cylinder to each side sliding blade and one cylinder
to the top pair and one cylinder to the bottom pair of hinged blades.
As with this arrangement it may be desireable that the blades should not
pass completely through the bar but only nick the bar sufficiently deep to produce
an easy fracture of the remaining thickness of the metal I propose to fit the hydraulic
cylinders with adjustable stop devices to limit the movement of the blades to the
desired extent.
Date: 01
ן.
1007
Improvements in Shearing and the like Machines.
I, CHARLES SCRIVEN, of the Leeds Old Foundry, Marsh Lane, Leeds, in the
County of York, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention refers to improvements in the arrangement or combination of

page_text: the shearing blades in shearing and the like machines, with the object of rendering
such machines capable of shearing a greater variety of bars, i.e. bars of different
sizes and sections.
In the first place, my invention consists in a combination of four shearing blades,
to wit three stationary and one moving or working blade. The working blade
and the stationary blade opposite the same are fitted incapable of adjustment;
that is to say the stationary blade is secured to a fixed portion of the machine, and
the working blade is fixed to the slide operating it. For the sake of brevity and
clearness merely it will be assumed, that the cutting edge of the just mentioned
stationary blade, (hereinafter designated the fixed stationary blade), is horizontal
and the motion of the working blade vertical. The other two of the three stationary
blades are placed one to each side of the working and first mentioned stationary
blade, and with their cutting edges vertical, and are both fitted capable of adjust-
ment in a horizontal direction to-and-from each other, by means of a screw and
nut, or screw and wedge or other suitable device; so that they can be adjusted with
their cutting edges apart to suit the width and section of the bar to be placed
within them to be sheared. These two blades are hereinafter referred to as the
adjustable stationary blades. The three stationary blades are all in the same
vertical plane, and one (say the right hand) blade rests upon the fixed stationary
blade, and moves with its lower edge over the upper edge of the latter.
For the purpose of shearing bars of certain sections, more particularly of shear-
ing Zed bars, the cutting edge of one of these adjustable stationary blades, (herein-
after distinguished as the long adjustable stationary blade), extends some distance
down below the level of the cutting edge of the fixed stationary blade; which latter
is then formed with an exposed vertical side, a corresponding gap being provided in
the machine. One of the legs of the Zed bar to be sheared fits within the gap
between the exposed vertical edge of the fixed stationary blade and the lower part of
the vertical edge of the said long adjustable stationary blade. To prevent the
tearing of the lower edge of the just mentioned leg of the Zed bar, and for similar
purposes, the bottom end of the lower part of the long adjustable stationary blade
may be formed with a projection fitting a corresponding dovetailed recess in the
adjoining lower opposite end of the exposed side of the fixed stationary blade,
or merely filling the bottom of the gap between the two blades. With
such a combination of shearing blades as above described, almost any ordinary
or usual sections and sizes of bars can be readily sheared, without inserting fresh
shearing blades, merely by adjusting the above mentioned stationary adjustable
blades.
In the second place my invention consists of a combination of six shearing or
nicking blades, four of which are moved each about a separate pin or centre, the
other two being moved in slides. For the sake of this description, the four hinged
blades may be considered as two pairs of blades; either a top and a bottom pair, or
a right and a left pair. Considered as a top pair and a bottom pair, the bottom hori-
the
zontal edges and the outside vertical edges of the top blades are
cutting or nicking edges; whilst in the bottom pair, the top horizon-
tal and outside vertical edges are the cutting or nicking edges. Con-
sidered as a right pair and a left pair; the two blades in each pair move towards
each other and also towards the line joining the centres on which they are hinged,
during the cutting or nicking movement. The sliding blades are placed to the
right and left of the hinged blades, and with their cutting edges in the same plane
as the cutting edges of the hinged blades, and centrally between the top and bottom
centres. The movement of the sliding blades during the cutting operation is
towards the adjoining, i.e. outer vertical edges of the adjoining pair of hinged
blades. It will be evident, that when an H bar is placed between this arrange-
ment of six blades with the web horizontal, that the motion of each of the hinged
blades is diagonally towards the corresponding one of the four corners formed
by the junction of the web with the one or other of the flanges of the H bar.

page_text: Lastly my invention refers to a combination or arrangement of shearing blades
by means of which a portion of one of the legs of a Z bar, or angle bars, or the
projecting part of the bulb of bulb bars, or the like, can be sheared off at any
desired part of the length of such bars, or by means of which plates can be
notched; and as a particular instance is applicable to the machine described
in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 21959, dated 19th November 1895. This
arrangement consists of two sets, to wit a stationary set and a moveable set, each
comprised of three shearing blades; the three blades being, the one say horizontal
and the other two vertical, and respectively close to the ends of the horizontal
blade. The one set, say the working set for preference, is so arranged as to fit
within the other with sufficient closeness for cutting or shearing purposes.
The movement of the working blades in any of the above cases may be effected
cither by mechanical means, or by hydraulic or steam device. In the second
mentioned arrangement, I propose to actuate the six blades by means of four
hydraulic cylinders; viz.--one cylinder to each sliding blade, and one cylinder
to the top pair and one cylinder to the bottom pair of hinged blades.
As with this arrangement it may be desirable that the blades should not
pass completely through the bar, but only nick the bar sufficiently deep to produce
an easy fracture of the remaining thickness of metal, propose to fit the hydraulic
cylinders with adjustable stop devices, to limit the movement of the blades to the
desired extent.
Fig. 1 is a horizontal section on line A B of Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 is a front eleva-
tion and part section on line C D of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 Sheet 2 is a cross section, of
so much of a shearing machine as is necessary to illustrate the first part of my
invention.
a is the working blade, attached to the vertically moving slide b in a permanent
non-adjustable manner by the bolts c. d is a fixed blade, attached in a permanent
non-adjustable manner to the main casting or frame of the machine by the bolts c.
f and are respectively the right and left adjustable blades, secured by means of
bolts to the inner ends of the slides i and j; which can be moved inwards and
outwards by means of the screws k, attached to the same and passing through
nuts fixed in the back part of the slide boxes; the screws & being operated from
the hand wheels m through bevel gearing n. As shewn the left hand adjustable
blade is made longer than the right hand blade f, and extends some distance
below the top cutting edge of the fixed blade d, so that when drawn back slightly,
a gap is left between the adjoining vertical edges of the blades d and g, in which
one of the flanges of a Zed, angle, tee or the like bar can be inserted. The three
blades d, f and y are all in the same vertical plane, so that the blade f, when being
adjusted to suit bars of different widths or lengths of section, slides upon the
blade d. The arrangement thus described will only cut such sections as Zed, tee,
and angle bars when the downward flange is placed to the left.
In order however to be able to shear such sections either right hand or left hand,
I propose to modify the above described construction by forming a gap to both
the left and right of the fixed stationary blade d, as illustrated partly in elevation
and partly in section in Fig. 4, and in cross section in Fig. 5.
In this case both the side blades project below the top of the stationary blade d,
which latter is formed with a cutting edge on both vertical sides, as well as on the
top. The side blades are formed in two, i.e. a lower and an upper half, lettered
respectively ff2, and g, and 92; each being fitted to separate sliding pieces i, i,
and all separately adjustable by means of screws and nuts, or other suitable
devices. To be able to cut H section bars of different sized sections, the
stationary blade d must be provided in corresponding lengths, and the part of the
frame of the machine, to which it is secured by the bolts e, made of a length not
greater than the gap width of the smallest H section; or more preferably, as this
would not give the desirable back support to the blade d in the case of the greatest
gap widths, the part of the machine to which the blade d is attached, is made as

page_text: a removable block q, in different lengths, and firmly secured to the frame of the
machine by screws 7, and a lipped joint s, as shewn in Fig. 5, or by other suitable
attachment.
t
For cutting H bars, the division of the side blades f'and y into two superposed
parts is unnecessary, and the blades may be each formed in one long piece attached
respectively to one sliding piece and one adjusting device.
The second part of my invention, referring to the nicking of bars of H section;
is illustrated in Figs. and 7, the former with the right side in section, and the
latter with the right side in section on line E F, and the left side in cross section
on line G H, of Fig. 6.
a, b, c and d are the four hinged blades, secured to the hinged carriers a₁, b₁₁
and d which are hinged respectively on the pins e, f, g and h. In order to be
able to nick H bars of different sized sections, the bearings for the pins e, f, g
and are formed in or carried by sliding pieces ₁, f₁, etc. which can be adjusted
by means of screws k, passing through nuts in the bosses of the geared wheels,
indicated by dotted lines and m; so that the blades a and d are adjusted
together, and the blades b and c together, or by means of the longitudinal shaft y
all four simultaneously. The hinged carriers a₁, b₁, ₁ and d₁ are actuated in
pairs, 111 and b, together, and 1 and d, together, the former from the ram n of the
top cylinder, and the latter pair from the ram o of the bottom cylinder; by the
reduced ends of the rams bearing on the outer part of the hinged carriers immedi-
ately opposite. The drawing back of the hinged blades and carriers is effected by
means of a T headed bolt, 2, screwed into the end of the ram, and with one side of
the head of the bolt fitting loosely in a groove formed in the inner side of one of
the carriers, and with the other side of the head fitting in a corresponding groove
in the inner side or face of the adjoining carrier. These grooves are of sufficient
length to allow for the adjustment of the blades.
The vertical side blades s and t, are attached to slides actuated from the rams of
the side cylinders q and r.
By means of a screw-collar u, fitting round and projecting below the lower end
of the ram catching against the cross brackets v, the motion of the ram can be
limited to that required for merely nicking the particular sized section of bar in
the machine. Similar provision is made in connection with the side cylinders.
Fig. 8 is a plan showing the arrangement of the nicking blades.
The last part of my invention referring to an arrangement of two sets each of
three blades for notching or shearing a part only of angle, Zed and other bars,
and the like purposes, is illustrated in Fig: 9 in longitudinal section, and in Fig. 10
in cross section, on line H I of Fig. 9.
S1, S2 and so are the three blades of the stationary set, secured to the frame of the
machine, (illustrated in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 21959 of 1895),
by means of the bolts 1, 2 and 3; and m₁, my and m, are the three blades of the
moving or working set, and are secured to the operating slide by means of the
screws and bolts 4, 5 and 6. As shewn, the moving set works within the stationary
set. By fitting the stationary set on a projecting block, and forming a correspond-
ing opening at the end of the operating slide, and securing the working set within
such opening, similar notching and shearing operations can also be performed.
This part of my invention is not altered if the three blades of each set are made
in one piece.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
In shearing and the like machines:-
1. The combination of a fixed blade (d), secured in a non adjustable manner to
he frame of the machine and having a top and a side cutting edge a working
lade (a) secured in a non adjustable manner to the slide (b) and moving to and

page_text: from the fixed blade (d) with side blades (f and g) the one (f) having a long
adjustment to accommodate different lengths or widths of section and the other of
greater depth so as to project below the top of the fixed blade and having an
adjustment to accommodate bars with flanges of varying thickness all substantially
as set forth.
2. The combination with the subject matter of Claim 1 of means for effecting
the adjustment of the side blades (f and g) substantially as set forth.
3. The modification of Claim 1 consisting in forming the fixed stationary
blade (d) with two side cutting edges and making both side blades (f and g) to
project below the top of the fixed blade (d) substantially as and for the purpose o
purposes herein set forth.
4. The modification of Claim 1 consisting in making the long side blade (g) in
two superposed parts both separately adjustable and in duplicating in a superposed
manner the short side blade f and making both parts separately adjustable sub-
stantially as and for the purpose or purposes set forth and as shewn.
5. The combination with the subject matter of Claims 3 and 4 of a removable
block carrying the fixed blade (d) substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. The combination of four separately hinged and adjustable working blades
with two rectilinearly moveable working blades substantially as and for the purpose
or purposes herein set forth.
7. In combination with the subject matter of Claim 6 the means for adjusting
the four hinged blades (a, b, c, d, and for working or operating all the six blades
substantially as herein set forth.
8. In combination with the subject matter of Claim 6 the arrangement and com-
bination of hydraulic or steam cylinders for operating the six blades all substan-
tially as herein set forth and illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7.
9. The combination of a stationary set of three blades with a working set of
three blades substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth and illustrated.
Dated this 28th day of January 1898.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
30, Park Row, Leeds, Agent for Applicant.