Improvements in Extractor Mechanism for Drop Down Small Arms.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 16th Mar., 1891-Accepted. 23rd May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Extractor Mechanism for Drop Down Small Arms.
I JOHN Ross 26 Stewarts Road, Battersea Park Road London Gunmaker
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improvemnets relate to that class of extractor mechanism for drop down
small arms in which the cases of exploded cartridges only are automatically ejected
from the barrels by the opening of the gun for the purpose of reloading.
The usual mechanism employed for the above purpose consists for each barrel of
an extractor rod fitted with a suitable bead for thrusting out the cartridge case.
On opening the gun the first part of the movement causes a limb to thrust the
extractor rod forward and so push the cartridge case out a short distance, and on the
further opening of the gun a vertical or longitudinal ejector hammer is released
which strikes the extractor rod a smart blow so ejecting the empty cartridge case.
According to my present invention I increase the width of the forepart of the
gun, and upon
it fix two vertical pivots; in place of vertical ejector hammers, I use
horizontal hammers each of which turns on one of the above mentioned pivots or
the pivots may be on the hammers, working in recesses. A spring either single or
double bladed or spiral, presses upcn each of these horizontal hammers, and the
spring may be put into compression either by the act of opening or closing the gun.
A scar or stop block working in a horizontal plane is provided, also controlled by a
spring, and this sear prevents the ejector hammer from moving, but at a pre-arranged
moment during the opening of the gun, the sear is drawn aside, and the ejector
hammer is released, and strikes the end of the extractor rod. In place of the
horizontal sear I may use a rotary scar, so formed as to allow the ejector hammer
to pass it when in a certain position, but in all other positions, to retain the ejector
hammer in its cocked position. Or I may use a sliding sear, or a vertical sear for
the same purpose. For the purpose of moving the horizontal sear or for turning
the rotary sear, or drawing back the sliding sear, I use a sliding plate in the body
of the gun action, the forward end of this plate, acts upon the sear during the
opening of the gun, and for this purpose is bevilled off when a horizontal sear is
used, and is made with a square end when a rotary sear is employed and is made
with a claw or hook when a sliding sear is used. The vertical sear is operated in
the same manner as rotary sear. The sliding plate itself is caused to travel forward
and backward by two pins which are placed upon the cocking lever and act upon a
wedge shaped tail piece on the sliding plate itself, so that the position of the sliding
plate whether at the forward or backward end of its travel depends upon whether
the gun has been fired or not. Or 1 may use a swing sliding plate, working in the
body of the action, with a projection at forward end, part of which is formed to act
as a moving pivot, working in a recess formed in joint of action, the continuation of
projection acting on the sears during the opening of the gun after firing, the other
end of plate also has a projection which works in a slanting slot formed in the body
of the action. In place of a slanting slot, I may make two diverse slants, one at either
end of the body of action. The sliding plate may be carried up and down by the
hammer, tumbler, cocking lever or mainspring, the slanting slot or slants giving it a
backward and forward motion. The cocking lever with projection at either end,
working in the slanting slot, or on the slants, may be made to perform the double
duty of cocking the hammers, and operating the sears during the opening of the gun
after firing. Or I may place a swivel in body of action connected to the sliding
plate at one end, the other end of swivel engaging with cocking lever or tumbler
for the purpose of causing a backward & forward motion. I may also use an
ejector hammer without a sear, but held back by the ejector mainspring which is put

page_text: into action by the above mentioned slides. The various sears and sliding plates
may be applied to any form of ejector hammers.
Dated this 28th day of November 1800
JOHN ROSS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Extractor Mechanism for Drop Down Small Arms.
I JOHN Ross of 26 Stewarts Road, Battersea Park Road, Gun Maker, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The
My improvements relate to that class of extractor mechanism for drop down
small arms in which the cases of exploded cartridges only are automatically ejected
from the barrels by the opening of the gun for the purpose of reloading.
usual mechanism for the above purpose consists for each barrel of an extractor rod
fitted with a suitable head for thrusting out, the cartridge case. On opening the
gun the first part of the movement causes a limb to thrust the ejector rod forward
and so push the cartridge case out a short distance and on the further opening of
the gun an ejector hammer is released which strikes the ejector rod a smart blow so
ejecting the empty cartridge case.
I use a sliding or horizontal or rotary or vertical sear to retain the ejector
hammer in position. For the purpose of drawing back the sliding sear or moving
the horizontal or rotary or vertical sear I use a sliding plate in the body of the gun
action the forward end of this plate acts upon the sear during the opening of the
gun and for this purpose is made with a claw, when a sliding sear is used and is
bevelled off when a horizontal sear is used and is made with a square end when a
rotary or vertical sear is employed. In place of this sliding plate I may use a
swing sliding plate working in the body of the gun action with a projection at its
forward end part of which acts as a pivot and moves in a recess formed in the joint
of the action and the continuation of the projections acts upon the sear during the
opening of the gun after firing; the other end of the plate also has a projection
which works in a slanting slot formed in the body of the action. In place of a
slanting slot I may make two slants one at each end of the body of the action.
The swing sliding plate may be carried up and down by the hammer or cocking
lever the slanting slot giving it a backward and forward motion.
The cocking lever with the projection working in the slanting slot may be made to
perform the double duty of cocking the hammers and operating the sears during
the opening of the gun after firing.
I will now describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the manner in
which my invention is to be carried out.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of the gun.
Figure 2 a plan of the underside.
Figure 3 a longitudinal section of the gun when opened.
The remaining figures up to 38 are views of details.
Similar figures refer to similar parts throughout the views.
In Figures 1, 2, and 3 the part marked 1 is the ejector rod, 2 is the ejector
hammer pivotted on the pin 3, 4 is a limb solid with the knuckle of the action and
used for moving the ejector rod in a backward direction at the beginning of the
opening of the gun, and also for moving it forward during the closing of the gun,
5 is the ejector hammer spring, 6 is the rotary sear as described in my previous
Patent No.: 14886 of September 20th 1890, 7 is the side spring for holding the sear
in place, 8 is the firing hammer, 9 is the cocking limb and 10 the limb which
actuates the ejecting mechanism. Figure 1 represents the gun closed and ready to
be fired; the action of firing is as follows:-The sear 24 is lowered and allows the
hammer 8 to fly forward under the pressure of the spring 20, Figure 7 and fire the
cartridge, it also causes the limbs 9 and 10 to move forward under the combined

page_text: action of the hammer 8 and the pins 11 and 12; the pin 11 is on the body of the
gun action, and pin 12 is seen in Figure 4 upon the limb 9; these work in
slots 13 and 14, Figure 5 in the limb 10. The gun may now be supposed to be
opened. The first part of the opening movement causes the limb 4 to press back-
wards the ejector rod 1, the ejector hammer 2 being held back by the projection 15
on the sear Figure 22. The limb 10 is so made that if the hammer 8 has not fallen
the part 16 Figure 5 does not project from the knuckle of the action far enough to
catch the end 17 of the sear Figure 22, but if the gun has been fired the
projection 16 catches 17 and causes the sear to revolve and release the hammer 2
which then strikes the ejector rod 1 a smart blow and throws out the empty
cartridge case; the slant 18 of the cocking limb Figure 4 presses against a slant 19
in the forepart Figure 16 and thus cocks the hammer 8.
It is not
It will be seen that the limb 9 Figure 4 is pivotted on a fixed pin 11 and carries
the pin 12, the limb 10 is pivotted on the two projecting lugs 21 Figure 5 and has
thus a combined swinging and sliding motion. Referring to Figure 6 it will be
seen that the hammer 8 is provided with a special projection 22 which holds the
end 23 of the limb 10 and this end is made so as to spring over the projection 22
when being put in position. Figures 16 and 17 and 18 are different views of the
forepart with the ejector hammer carriage removed. Figures 19, 20 and 21
represent this carriage with rotary sears 6 and ejector hammers 2.
possible to use the special limbs 9 and 10 Figures 1, 4 and 5 in guns of all kinds
and in order to render the principle applicable to different types of guns I form
the parts in different ways. In Figure 23 the hammer is provided with a recess
into which the end 25 of the limb enters. Alternative types of limbs are shown
in Figures 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. In Figure 11 the cocking limb and the ejecting
limb are shown in position in the body of the action. Figure 12 shows the cocking
lever with the slant 18 which acts on the slant 19 Figure 16 during the opening of
the gun. The part 26 is made in the form of a spring and acts as the main spring
for the hammer, the cocking limb 9 is pivotted on the pin 11 and the ejecting limb 10
slides forward. In Figure 14 the ejecting limb 10 is shown thrown forward
and worked from the hammer. In Figure 15 is shown another method of forming
the limb 10, in both Figure 14 and Figure 15 a cocking lever would also be
necessary. Figures 35, 36, 37, 38 illustrate the use of one lever as a combined
ejecting and cocking limb so that the lever 28 acts as a cocking lever by the slant 18
and as an ejecting lever by the projection 16 and is worked by the pin 27 upon the
hammer 8. The large pin 29 is upon the body of the gun action. In Figure 37
the pin 27 works in the slot 30 and a pin 32 is fixed upon the lever 28 and works
in a recess 31 cut in the body of the action. In Figures 24, 25, 26, 30, 31, 32 is
shown an arrangement whereby a sliding sear is used for the ejector hammer
instead of the rotary sear shown in Figure 22. In Figure 24, 2 is the ejector hammer
which is provided with a projection 33 under which the projection 34 on the sliding
sear Figure 31 comes. During the opening of the gun the limb 36 is drawn back
and hook 35 acts upon the sear Figure 31 and releases the ejector hammer 2;
the spring Figure 32 normally holds the sear Figure 31 forward.
Figures 27, 28, 29, 33 and 34 is shown a method of using a vertical ejector hammer
with a swinging vertical sear, the hammer 2 is provided with a bent into which
enters the end 37 of the sear Figure 33 which is pivotted on the pin 38. Any of
the varieties of the cocking and ejecting limbs shown in Figures 4, 5, 11, 14, 15, 35,
and 37 may be used with this sear, the end 16 striking against the part 39 during
the opening of the gun. Figure 34 shows the spring used for the ejector hammer
which is provided with a V-shaped notch into which the point 41 of the ejector
hammer 2 Figure 29 enters.
In
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
nvention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
1 L
1

page_text: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 having a swing sliding motion with a projection 22
Figure 6 upon the hammer 8 Figure 6 for the purpose of cocking the hammer and
of releasing the ejecting mechanism during the opening of the gun.
2. In drop down small arms the combination of the two limbs Figures 12 and 13
and the combination of Figure 12 with limb 10 shown in Figures 14 and 15 any one
of which three combinations can be used along with the hammer 8 for the purpose
of cocking the aforesaid hammer and of actuating the ejecting mechanism during
the opening of the gun.
3. In drop down small arms the combination of the swing sliding limbs 9 and 10
in Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 or of the alternative swing sliding limbs claimed in Claim 2
with the rotary sear shown in Figure 22 and for which I have applied for Letters
Patent No. 14886 of September 20th 1890.
4. In drop down small arms the use of the lever 28 shown in Figures 35 and 37
which acts both as a cocking limb and as an ejecting limb and obtains its motion
from the hammer 8 either by the movement of the pin 27 Figure 35 or by the
combined action of the pin 32 working in the recess 31 as shown in Figure 37.
5. In drop down small arms the combination of the lever 28 shown in Figures 35
and 37 with the rotary sear shown in Figure 22.
6. In drop down small arms the combination of the sliding sear Figure 31 with
the hooked limb Figure 30 and the ejector hammer 2 Figure 24.
7. In drop down small arms the combination of the vertical swing sear Figure 33
with the ejector hammer 2 Figure 27 along with the swing sliding limbs Figures 4
and 5 or with the alternative arrangement of limbs shown in Figures 11, 12, 13, 14,
15, 35 and 37.
Dated this 16th day of March 1891.
JOHN P. O'DONNELL,
2, Great George Street, Westminster, S.W., Agent for the said Applicant.