matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED HOOD
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michel Blum at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd August
1855.
I, MICHEL BLUM, of Ilzach (Haut-Rhin, France), and 32, Essex Street,
Strand, London, Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED HOOD" to be as follows; and consists in a sort of great coat
that may be fitted or not to the shape of the person who is to wear it. This
garment may be made of cloth or linen, or any stuff whatever, coated with
caoutchouc, gutta percha, or not. It is worn as any ordinary coat or cloak,
closed either with buttons or any other contrivance now used for that purpose.
To this garment a hoop is adapted, with an opening of any form or shape
before the face; a metallic band borders that opening all round. A pane of
translucent material, such as glass, mica, &c., put into a frame, is hinged and
adapted to the lower part of the bordering metallic band, whilst its upper part
is hooked into an eye in the same band bordering the opening, so that the
framed pane may be secured before the face to protect it against cold or bad
weather, or it may be allowed to hang down on the breast. The air will be
renewed by means of two openings on each side of the frame and from beneath.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN RENDERING PAPER WATERPROOF
Year: 1855

page_text: www
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elias Davis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th January
1855.
"I, ELIAS DAVIS, of Aldgate, in the City of London, India-rubber Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN RENDERING PAPER WATERPROOF" to be as follows:-
My said Invention refers to certain applications of india-rubber, gutta
percha, and their compounds, with or without other ingredients, for rendering
paper waterproof.
I apply the said waterproofing materials in thin sheets or solutions thereof
in suitable spirits or oils, and, when requisite, subject the paper so prepared to
stoving, rolling, or pressing; solutions may be composed in the proportions of
about two parts india-rubber, one part gutta percha, and two parts rectified
spirits or other solvents.
The waterproofing material may be applied to one or both sides of single
sheets of paper, or made to penetrate the substance of the paper, or two or
more sheets so prepared made to adhere by pressure.

page_text: I do not limit myself to any particular quality of paper or any precise appli-
cation thereof, as papers prepared according to my process may be used for
roofing, ships sheathing, wall papers, cartridges, bookbinding, boxes, envelopes,
and other useful purposes.
The novelty of my improvements consists in the peculiar applications for
effecting the waterproofing of paper generally.
AN IMPROVED ECONOMIC PORTABLE BOILER AND COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Vaughan Edwards at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th April 1855.
I, WILLIAMI VAUGHAN EDWARDS, of Swindon, in the County of Wilts,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ECONOMIC PORTABLE BOILER AND COOKING APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of one or more metal pipes, tubes, or funnel intro-
duced vertically or otherwise into a boiler, made of metal, and covered either
wholly or partially with felt or some other non-conducting material, or without
coverings, at option, whereby an increased amount of heating surface is
obtained, the said tubes, pipes, or funnels acting as a chimney, in addition to
its presenting the increased heating surface; the said boiler being adapted
to stationary or portable fires or stoves, or with fire-place constructed within,
attached to, or separate from it, and applicable for cooking as a boiler per se,
or as a boiler for generating steam to cook by steam in other utensils; and for
portable or stationary steam engines, by the introduction of one or more tubes,
pipes, or funnels to act as chimneys if required; also for portable or fixed
boilers for general purposes; and for generating heat in houses, tents, green-
houses, and all other places, with or without the addition of pipes, tubes, or
other auxiliaries; and also applicable for heating portable or fixed ovens either
with or without the aid of auxiliary tubes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARING, BUFFING, AND DRAW SPRINGS, APPLICABLE TO THE ROLLING STOCK OF RAILWAYS AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Grindley Craig at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
November 1855.
I, WILLIAM GRINDLEY CRAIG, of Gorton, near Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARING, BUFFING, AND DRAW SPRINGS, APPLICABLE TO THE
ROLLING STOCK OF RAILWAYS AND OTHER VEHICLES," to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to a mode or method of using and applying what
is technically called the sliding shoe to locomotive engines, tenders, carriages,
waggons, or any kind of vehicles, whether used on railways or high roads, and
consists of connecting the two sliding shoes by shafts or tension rods, with a
spring or elastic medium between them, the said elastic medium to be made
of metal, caoutchouc, or any elastic material capable of contraction and expan-
sion. I also connect the said sliding shoes by diagonal rods or shafts to the
axle boxes at one end and the sliding shoes at the other for railway vehicles;
but in road vehicles I connect the sliding shoes with the axletrees by means
of diagonal rods, as before described, with tension rods, having an elastic
medium between them.
AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR CUTTING OR SLICING TURNIPS AND OTHER VEGETABLES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bull at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April 1855.
I, WILLIAM BULL, of Ramsey, in the County of Essex, Clerk, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR
CUTTING OR SLICING TURNIPS AND OTHER VEGETABLES " to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in mounting upon a circular disc spirally a series of
small blades or studs with cutting edges, as also a long fixed slicing blade,
which extends from the centre to the edge of the disc. There is also a fixed
edge or blade. The action of the instrument is as follows:-Upon any
vegetables, say, turnips, being fed into or held against the machine, and the
disc being caused to rotate, the turnips are first divided by the spiral cutters
into small pieces, and are afterwards sliced by the long slicing blade, and fall
out from the machine through an aperture or slot made in the face of the disc
just behind the fixed slicing blade.
A GUARD OR APPARATUS TO BE USED WITH MODERATOR LAMPS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph. Fenton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th August
1855.
I, JOSEPH FENTON, of Lancaster, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A GUARD OR APPARATUS TO BE
USED WITH MODERATOR LAMPS" to be as follows:-
My guard consists of a cone held over the flame just below that part of the
chimney where it commences to become narrow, whereby not only is the light
increased, but the chimney is less liable to break than where no guard is
employed. The guard is supported upon arms, connected in any convenient
manner to the upper part of the lamp tube or to the chimney holder.
A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE SCAFFOLDING AT PRESENT EMPLOYED IN AND FOR THE ERECTING AND REPAIRING OF BUILDINGS, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE IN PART TO THE VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nicholas Bennett at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Pétition, on the 23rd February
1855.
I, NICHOLAS BENNETT, of No. 7, Furnival's Inn, Holborn, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE SCAFFOLDING AT PRESENT EMPLOYED IN AND FOR THE
ERECTING AND REPAIRING OF BUILDINGS, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE IN PART TO
THE VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in dispensing with the temporary scaffolding hitherto
employed in the erecting and repairing of buildings, and substituting in lieu
thereof more simple and inexpensive means for conducting the above or similar
operations; that is to say, I employ sockets of metal or other suitable material,
which I build in with the brickwork of the building, and I dispose such sockets
at suitable distances asunder for rendering them available for the reception of
projecting bracket pieces, for supporting a temporary stage formed of planks
laid side by side; and in using the above substitute for scaffolding in erecting
buildings I proceed as follows:-When the wall is built up to the height of
the first row of window sills, I then insert and build in one of the before-
mentioned sockets at each end of every window sill, and build the brickwork
or masonry over the said sockets to the height of three or four feet.
The

page_text: stage supporters may then be inserted into the sockets, the planks laid thereon,
and the building continued as high as convenient to the workmen; and when
the building is finished, I plug up the opening in the sockets with a piece of
wood or iron, suitably ornamented, and so formed as to be readily withdrawn
at any time for the purpose of erecting a stage for repairs, as above mentioned.
And as regards that part of this Invention which relates to the ventilation
of buildings, it consists in making the before-mentioned plugs perforated, so
as to allow atmospheric air to pass through the same and circulate in the
space between the joists of the flooring and ceiling, thus rendering the
before-mentioned plugs and sockets available for the purposes of ventilation.
AN IMPROVED PICKER FOR LOOмs
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Lewis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th.
December 1855.'
I, JOHN WILLIAM LEWIS, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PICKER FOR LOOмs" to be as follows:-
I make the picker of any suitable metal, with a slot for a piece of leather
thong or other suitable material to fit into; I drill or make a hole through
both the metal and material, so that instead of the point of the shuttle striking
against the picker, it enters the said hole, by which the force is borne by the
shoulder instead of the point, thus preventing breakage, &c. The nature of
this Invention will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying
outline Drawing, in which Fig. 1 is an elevation of my said improved picker;
Fig. 2, a section of the same; and Fig. 3, a plan thereof. In Fig. 2, a repre-
sents the hole made through both the metal and the soft material, for the
shuttle point to enter.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN ROLLERS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING MACHINERY, AND IN OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY USED IN THE TREATMENT OF FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jules Roth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd December 1855.
I, JULES ROTH, of Mulhouse, in the French Empire, but now residing at
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN ROLLERS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING
MACHINERY, AND IN OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY USED IN THE TREATMENT OF
FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
The rollers, wheels, bobbins, and other parts employed in spinning machinery
and in the treatment of fibres are now usually covered with cloth and leather,
the flesh or rough side of the leather being in contact with the cloth, or with
the roller itself, which it covers while the grain side of the leather is on the
outer side of the roller. Now, my Invention consists in reversing the position
of the sides of the leather in respect to the object which it covers, that is to
say, I place the grain side of the leather, or that side on which is the natural
epidermis, in contact with the surface to be covered, and the rough or flesh
side of the leather I place on the outside, so that the threads, rovings, yarns,
or other fibrous matters, &c. to be spun or otherwise prepared only come in
contact with this rough or flesh side. I either employ the rough side of the
leather in its natural state without any preparation, or I prepare or glaze it by

page_text: applying on it one or more coatings of any suitable substance or substances,
which combine chemically with the leather, or of any substance not capable of
chemical combination therewith, but which is merely applied thereon, such as
varnish, mastic, gelatine, gum, glue, isinglass, &c. I prefer, however, the
employment of albumen for this purpose, which I apply in solution, laying on
one or more coatings. I employ the albumen alone, or together with some
oil or fatty matter, which I apply either in combination with the albumen, or
before or after laying on the albumen, or alternately therewith, and I renew
the coating as often as may be needful.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MELTING AND BLOWING UP SUGARS
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Leitch at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd December 1855.
I, JAMES LEITCH, Sugar Refiner, at No. 1, Ellenborough Street, in the Town
of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MELTING AND BLOWING UP SUGARS "
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in melting and blowing up sugars in the following
manner: The sugar is placed in a receiver through the bottom of which a
pipe passes to a steam boiler situated underneath the receiver. The pipe
descends some distance into the boiler, so that when there is a pressure of
steam in the boiler the hot water is forced up the pipe amongst the sugar
until the water in the boiler sinks below the end of the pipe, and then steam
in place of water passes up and agitates the mixture until the sugar is
completely dissolved, when it is drawn off by a cock at the bottom of the
receiver.
A TRAVELLING STAGING AND CRANE OR JENNY, ADAPTED FOR BUILDING PIERS & OTHER HARBOUR WORKS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Adamson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
September 1855.
I, GEORGE ADAMSON, of Leith Street, Edinburgh, in the County of Mid-
lothian, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
A TRAVELLING STAGING AND CRANE OR JENNY, ADAPTED FOR BUILDING PIERS &
OTHER HARBOUR WORKS, to be as follows:-
My Invention of a travelling staging for building piers & harbour works
consists of a staging for the support of the traversing crane or jenny used in
lifting & placing the materials, which staging is placed on the work, and
advances as the work progresses. For this purpose, I use a large rectangular
framework of nearly the width of the pier; at the lower part it is mounted
on wheels, & placed on the level of the top of the pier or other structure to be
or being built. The upper work of the frame or staging overhangs the width
of the pier, in order to give sufficient breadth to the traverse of the crab or
jenny. Two long overhanging beams project frontwards in the direction in
which the building is in progress; they are properly trussed & stayed from
above by the upper work of the staging, & are placed at a proper elevation
to form the traverse or the crab or jenny, which is thereby carried too & fro
over the unfinished work in the ordinary manner, for the transport & deposit
of stones and other materials at any required point, The main part of the
staging on the finished work must be of sufficient length & weight to sustain

page_text: the weight at any time hanging on the projecting beams to prevent over-
balancing. Rails or ways are formed on the lower platform of the staging, on
which the materials are drawn in. The projecting beams are carried the
whole length of the staging, so that the traversing crab or jenny is run in
above the materials to be lifted from the lower platform, & thereby moved &
deposited as required. Suitable gangways & platforms & working gear are
provided as in ordinary staging, the whole constituting part of the travelling
staging or machine which is moved bodily forwards as the work progresses.
When a portion of the work is finished up to the travelling level of the
staging, it is moved forwards on the new work to the required extent, when
another portion of work is finished, & so on.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROPELLING AND STEERING VESSELS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Micklethwaite at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th October
1855.
I, JOHN MICKLETHWAITE, of Leipzig, Gentleman, do hereby declare the.
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROPELLING AND STEERING
VESSELS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in propelling vessels by means of air forced against
the water in a direction contrary to that in which the vessel is desired to be
propelled. In order to steer vessels, I force air through a nozzle or pipe,
which can be so directed as to turn the vessel in the direction required;. or;
instead of a nozzle or pipe, I employ vanes, or curved-passages, or other means
of giving direction to the air issuing from the vessel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING AND APPLYING STEAM TO ROTARY ENGINES OF AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacques Girard at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th July 1855.
I, JACQUES GIRARD, of No. 5, Rue Notre Dame de Grâce, in the City of
Paris, and 77, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING AND APPLYING STEAM TO
ROTARY ENGINES OF AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION" to be as follows (that is
to say) :-
My Invention, which has reference to an improved construction of steam
boiler or generator for locomotive and other purposes, consists in a novel and
advantageous arrangement of the interior spaces or flues, by which the heating
surfaces are considerably increased, and greater strength and durability ob-
tained. In the construction of the flues, plates of tinned iron or other suitable
metal are so separated and arranged in pairs as to admit of every alternate onc
being filled with water, whilst the intermediate spaces retain the caloric given
off from the fire or furnace, and prevent too rapid an escape of heat up the shaft
or flue. Externally with the boiler I cause reservoirs or tanks of water to be
fitted, and each supplied with heat for the purpose of warming the water,
which is to be subsequently forced into the water in the ordinary manner.
My improvements in rotary engines, in conjunction with the above improve-
ments, consist in a mechanical arrangement of three discs, mounted and keyed

page_text: together vertically upon a horizontal shaft, in the centre one of which there
are two concentric grooves or channels, so arranged as to contain each two
pistons working within them, attached to the outer discs in such manner as to
pass the dead point by means of an inclined plane or planes, over which they
pass, steam being admitted at intervals through suitable ports or apertures, and
thus a continuous rotary motion obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1855

page_text: The 2100.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Diederich Fehrman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th June 1855.-
A communication.
I, DIEDERICH FEHRMAN, of Liverpool, Oil Merchant, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS" to be as follows:-
In this construction of lamp the oil is placed in a suitable reservoir, from
whence it flows to the wick by short pipes. The wickholder is a tube cut
away at its circumference at those parts which immediately receive the oil,
and above it is placed a button, capable of being raised or lowered by a spiral
or other suitable arrangement. Against this button the flame impinges, by
which means it is caused to spread out, so as to receive on its outward part
a current of air, which passes upward through a tube concentric with the wick-
holder. Air is also admitted through apertures in communication with the
central part of the lamp. A wick employed is enclosed within a tube of calico
or other such fabric, and the chimney is conical at its base, above which is a
globular part.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN POWDER FLASKS AND SHOT BELTS OR POUCHES
Year: 1855

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Augustus Johann Hoffstaedt and
Samuel Blackwell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 7th February 1855.
We, AUGUSTUS JOHANN HOFFSTAEDT, of Albion Place, Blackfriars, and
SAMUEL BLACKWELL, of 259, Oxford Street, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN POWDER FLASKS AND SHOT BELTS OR
POUCHES" to be as follows:-
In the construction of powder flasks and shot belts or pouches, the slides or
valves have heretofore been constantly pressed on by steel springs, which are
very liable to rust and to become broken. Now, our Invention consists of
employing springs of vulcanized or permanently elastic india-rubber as
springs, to act on the slides or valves of powder flasks and shot belts or
pouches.
A NEW OR IMPROVED WAISTCOAT
Year: 1855

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Brookes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March 1855.
I, JOHN BROOKES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED WAISTCOAT" to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of a waistcoat constructed as follows:-The
collar of the said waistcoat passes closely round the neck, similar to the collars
of waistcoats now commonly worn, and buttoning closely from the neck to the
waist. In my improved waistcoat the collar may be buttoned or fastened by
a chain or left open at pleasure, but below the said collar passing round the
neck, the waistcoat is open to a greater or less distance downwards, and
the sides of the said opening are furnished with flaps somewhat resembling
those of roll-collared waistcoats. I will call these flaps the lower collar. The
said lower collar forms an elliptical opening, which displays the front of the
shirt advantageously, giving a bulged or convex form to the same. In
the inside of the waistcoat and under the lower collar are flaps provided with
buttons and button holes, by which in rainy weather the front of the waist-
coat can be completely closed and the shirt front defended from wet. When
it is wished to leave the lower collar open, the flaps used for buttoning the
said lower collar are turned under the waistcoat and kept out of sight. The
buttoning flaps may be omitted where it is thought desirable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSURE AND VACUUM GAUGES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Louis Casartelli at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
June 1855.
I, JOSEPH LOUIS CASARTELLI, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Optician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSURE AND VACUUM GAUGES," to be as follows:-
I
use two curved or plain discs of steel or other suitable metal, put together
so as to form a hollow chamber. The pressure, whether of air, water, or steam,
applied to the external or internal surface, produces a compression inwards, or
dilative outwards. This Invention will be understood by reference to the
accompanying outline Drawing, in which the motion is shewn as communicated
to the rack 6 by the rod c, fastened internally in the chamber, and connected
to the lever d, which lever transmits motion to the said rack, and the rack to a
pinion carrying the index. I also use the spring e to regulate the motion, and
to cause the rack to follow the lever.
SCOURING WOOLLEN GOODS DURING THE ACTION OF FULLING OR OTHERWISE
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hector Mottet at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th September
1855.
I, HECTOR MOTTET, j', of Verviers, in the Kingdom of Belgium, but now
residing in London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"SCOURING WOOLLEN GOODS DURING THE ACTION OF FULLING OR OTHERWISE " to be
as follows, viz. :-
My Invention consists in using liquid ammoniac or volatile alkali diluted
with water, instead of employing salts of soda, soaps, and other cleansing
ingredients that are usually employed for cleansing & fulling cloths and woollen
goods.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LININGS FOR ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1855

page_text: appuca
by the Act.)
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PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ritchie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th February
1855.
I, GEORGE RITCHIE, of New Cross, Deptford, in the County of Kent, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF LININGS FOR ARTICLES OF DRESS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of producing double fabrics, either by the act of
weaving, as is well understood, or by sewing two fabrics together at intervals
in such manner that each double fabric may consist of numerous narrow,
parallel, or oblong hollow compartments, which, being filled with ground or
pulverized cork, are to be made up into linings for articles of dress; by
which means of manufacture peculiar and very useful linings for articles of
dress are obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING AND LOWERING ROLLING BLINDS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Rose Innes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th August
1855. A communication.
I, GEORGE ROSE INNES, of Valparaiso, in the Republic of Chili, at present
residing in Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING AND
LOWERING ROLLING BLINDS" to be as follows, that is to say:-
These improvements consist in cutting a longitudinal slot or groove the
entire length of the roller on which the blind is to be fixed, and providing a
lath of hard wood or metal to secure the edge of the blind in the groove, so
that it requires no tacking on, and may be readily removed and replaced. At
one end of the roller is fixed the pulley, which is somewhat broader than those
now in use, and has a deep broad groove cut in its periphery; one end of a
single cord is secured to this pulley, the other being left free. When the blind
is down the cord is wound round the pulley, and pulling down the cord rolls up
the blind. A common spring of any description is employed between the pulley
and the window jamb or bracket to maintain the roller in position. The lath
above named enters slightly into the side of the pulley, being kept in that
position by a cap of metal or wood on the opposite end of the roller.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Wilding at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
June 1855.
I, WILLIAM HENRY WILDING, of New Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN FURNACES" to be as follows:-
Whereas it has hitherto been the practice to form the bars of furnaces of
iron or metal, which have been found very costly, owing to the first price
of the bars and to the short time they last; now, my Invention consists in
substituting bars of fire stone (Kentish rag), or of fire clay or other compo-
sition of earthenware which will not fuse, and which will in other respects
support the great heat and wear to which fire bars are subjected; and I use
this fire stone in bars by itself, or the fire clay composition, either in bars by
itself, solid or hollow, and with or without a core of metal. These materials
are considerably cheaper, will stand the heat of a furnace better, and will
last longer than bars of metal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Webster Rammell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with, his Petition, on the 3rd
January 1855.
I, THOMAS WEBSTER RAMMELL, of Trafalgar Square, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in furnaces for steam boilers
and other uses, with a view principally to render them more suitable for
burning anthracite coal. For this purpose, the chief of the fire and fuel are
supported in a furnace by shelves or wide bars of firc-clay, supported or
strengthened by iron, there being spaces between the neighboring shelves
or wide bars, so as to allow part of the fire in the furnace to rest on bars
below such spaces or openings; these lower bars are wider than the spaces
or openings between the upper bars or shelves. By these arrangements,
the air for supporting combustion comes to the sides of those parts of the fire
which are supported by the lower bars, and then rises up between the upper
wide bars or shelves, where the principal of the fire and fuel are situated.
The surfaces of the lower bars are made hollow, and such bars are made cach
with three sides, so that when the hollow of one side becomes full of dust
and small coal it may be turned downwards, and another of its surfaces
brought into position to support the fire.
AN IMPROVED INDE- PENDENT CENTRE SECONDS MOVEMENT FOR WATCHES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Paillard Jaccard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
May 1855. A communication.
J, AUGUSTE PAILLARD JACCARD, of Sainte Croix, Switzerland, Watchmaker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED INDE-
PENDENT CENTRE SECONDS MOVEMENT FOR WATCHES" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of parts for driving the central
seconds hand. The spindle of the seconds hand receives its motion from the
fourth wheel by means of a pressure spring that drives it by friction of contact.
On the top of the arbor of the fourth wheel a spur wheel is loosely mounted.
The boss of this wheel is made hollow to receive a coiled spring, which is fixed
to the arbor of the fourth wheel, and presses against the inner periphery of
the boss; a cap which covers the boss carries the central spindle for the seconds
hand, and the continuous rotary motion which the fourth wheel is calculated to
impart to the wheel with the hollow boss is converted in the usual way into a
motion by pulsations.
When a stop is put upon the rotation of the seconds hand and its wheel, the
spring in the hollow boss will yield, &, sliding round in the boss, permit of the
continued action of the other parts of the watch.
IMPROVEMENTS-IN- DRYING GRAIN WHICH HAS NOT BEEN SUBJECTED TO THE PROCESS OF MALTING
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left ::: Benjamin Hallewell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th May
1855.
Drov. pin.
р
I, BENJAMIN HALLEWELL, of Leeds, in the County of York, Wine Mer-
chant, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS-IN-
DRYING GRAIN WHICH HAS NOT BEEN SUBJECTED TO THE PROCESS OF MALTING
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the application of heat derived from the
combustion of gas alone, or in combination with the use of steam, to the pur-
poses of drying grain which has not been subjected to the process of malting.
For this purpose the grain to be dried is placed on perforated floors, under
which are arranged an extensive series of gas tubing, with numerous jets or
burners, and also steam pipes, through which steam circulates. By these
means may the heat be more equally diffused, and the extent of heat regulated
more conveniently, than by the means heretofore employed for drying grain
which has not been subjected to the process of malting.
A PROCESS FOR SEPARATING THE OLEINE FROM THE STEARINE OF FATTY AND OLEAGINOUS BODIES, AND FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM OLEAGINOUS GRAINS AND FROM OLIVES
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Murdoch at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th December
1855. A communication.
I, JAMES MURDOCH, of 7, Staple Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A PROCESS FOR
SEPARATING THE OLEINE FROM THE STEARINE OF FATTY AND OLEAGINOUS BODIES, AND
FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM OLEAGINOUS GRAINS AND FROM OLIVES," to be
as follows:-
The process consists in effecting the separation of oleine from stearine, and
the extraction of oil from oleaginous grains, and from olives, after trituration,
by the application of centrifugal force. To effect the separation of oleine from
stearine of fats, palm oil, or other fatty bodies in a concrete state, the material
in its natural state, or after being melted and passing into a granular state, is
placed in a centrifugal apparatus of any suitable construction, to which rotary
motion is given, the speed of which must depend upon the nature of the
material. By this movement all the liquid or fluid parts escape and pass into
a receiver, and the solid parts remain in the apparatus. For extracting oil
from oleaginous grains and olives, the materials are first triturated, and then
subjected to the operation of the centrifugal apparatus.
A CERTAIN APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING AND RECKONING COIN
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Louis Pierre Baragnon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th August 1855.
I, PAUL LOUIS PIERRE BARAGNON, of 17, Rue Duvivier, Paris, in the
Empire of France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "A CERTAIN APPARATUS
FOR PRESERVING AND RECKONING COIN" to be as follows, that is to say:-
This improvement relates to the construction of a new purse or apparatus
for indicating the amount of money or other articles which it contains, to be
called "Baragnon's comte monnaie" or "self-acting counter." It consists of
a solid cylindrical block of wood, ivory, or any suitable material, as represented
in the annexed Drawing; Figure 1 being an elevation (in partial section), and
Fig. 2 a plan of the apparatus.
A, A, A, A, A, represent circular holes bored or made in the material, of
a size adapted to the coin or other article it is intended to contain. In each
aperture is fixed a spiral spring B, having a disk of metal C attached to the
top of it, and upon which the coin D is placed. To the edge of the disk is
attached an indicator E, sliding in a slot F, made in the circumference of the
apparatus, and which shews, by its rising or falling against the scale G, the

page_text: is
amount of money contained in or taken out of the aperture. On the top
fixed a plate of metal or other substance H, having openings I, I, I, I, I, on
its edge, rather smaller than the coin, in order to prevent it falling out. At J
an opening is made in the block wide enough to allow a coin to be taken out.
At the bottom is provided a graduated rim, which can be turned to indicate
the amount of money contained in the "comite monnaie," and check the
working of the graduated scale.
In order to use the apparatus, it is simply necessary to turn, by the pro-
jections K, K, the rim L, provided with slots or openings M, M, M, M, M,
which when opposite the coin will allow it to be taken out. To close the
apparatus, turn the parts N opposite the coin, which will effectually prevent
its escape.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TUNING STRINGED INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Daniel Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th October 1855.
I, EDWARD DANIEL JOHNSON, of Wilmington Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Watch Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR TUNING STRINGED INSTRUMENTS" to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to obtain a purchase for a box, crab, or other
mechanical arrangement used for multiplying the axial movement of the tuning
key, and transmitting the same to the string pins of pianofortes for the purpose
of tuning the strings. This I attain by the use of an elastic jointed lever,
one end of which I attach firmly to the crab, or its equivalent, and the other
to a clamp which is temporarily attached to any convenient part of the instru-
ment to be tuned. The elasticity and the variable reach of the jointed lever
when attached as explained will allow of the crab being dropped on to all the
string pins in succession without the necessity for re-adjusting the clamp, and
the tuner will thus be provided with a purchase to meet the strain put upon
the box, crab, or its equivalent, by the tuning key.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATING WIRES FOR ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pier Alberto Balestrini at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
September 1855.
I, PIER ALBERTO BALESTRINI, of Brescia, Lombardy, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATING WIRES
FOR ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of first winding the wires with hemp or other fibres,
on to which several coatings of a solution of india-rubber are applied, after
which a coating of marine glue is added. The wire thus coated is then wound
with one or several strands or yarns (laid around side by side) of hemp or other
fibre; such winding being in the opposite direction to the previous winding,
coatings of india-rubber solution and of marine glue are to be again applied.
Each wire thus coated is then placed in a cord, yarn, or strand, which is coated
thoroughly with india-rubber or other waterproof coating, and in this manner
they may be laid down for use; but when several wires are to be used and
greater strength is required, then a metallic wire is wound around the bunch
or bundle of the above insulated wires.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIN CABLES AND OTHER CHAINS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Richardson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
November 1855.
I, GEORGE RICHARDSON, of Craigs Court, Charing Cross, in the County of
Middlesex, Merchant and Contractor for Railway Plant and Stores, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIN CABLES
AND OTHER CHAINS," a communication from abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of the
links of chain cables or other chains, whereby the operation of welding is
entirely dispensed with, and consists in forming the links of such chains of a
metal bar, coiled over an anvil or mandril into an oval, circular, or other
desired form, a sufficient opening or space being left in the centre for the
adjoining links. The two ends of the coiled bar are made to terminate one
over the other, or both on the same side of the link, and may each have a
knob or projection formed on them, in which position they are secured by
a suitable shoe or metal clip, fitted on to the link, and held in its place by the
knobs or projections formed on the ends of the bar. Or the clip may be
dispensed with, and the ends of the coil secured by a small pin.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING RAMRODS TO MILITARY FIRE- ARMS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Ladmore at the Office of
the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th December
1855.
I, EDWIN LADMORE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Assistant
Superintendent of Small Arms, do hereby declare the nature of the Inven-
tion for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF SECURING RAMRODS TO MILITARY FIRE-
ARMS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the method herein-after described, of securing
ramrods to muskets, carbines, and military fire-arms in general. In carrying
my said Invention into effect, I make a groove at the middle, or in any other
convenient part of the ramrod, the said groove running round the ramrod in
plane perpendicular to the axis of the said ramrod. The said groove is of
greater width than depth, and is of a nearly semicircular section. On the
barrel of the fire-arm, and on that side of the barrel along which the ramrod
slides when being put in its place, I fix a projection or stud on the barrel, at
the point opposite to the groove in the ramrod when the ramrod is in its place.
When the ramrod is pushed into its place, it is slightly deflected from its recti-
linear figure by the stud; but when the groove in the ramrod comes opposite
to the said stud, the elasticity of the said ramrod causes it to straighten and
engage the stud in the said groove. The ramrod is thus firmly held in its
place, while a certain and uniform force is required to withdraw it. By making
the ramrod of larger diameter at the place where the groove is formed, the
flexure of the ramrod only takes place immediately before the stud engages in
the groove, and the said groove does not weaken the ramrod.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOT, SHELLS, HOLLOW SHOT, AND OTHER PROJECTILES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Mortlock Ommanney at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th January 1855.
I, HENRY MORTLOCK OMMANNEY, of the City of Chester, Esquire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SHOT, SHELLS, HOLLOW SHOT, AND OTHER PROJECTILES," to be as
follows:-
I cast the shot, shell, hollow shot, or other projectile in the usual manner,
of such form as may be required for any gun, bomb, mortar, cannon, or other
ordnance. I then place the shot, shell, hollow shot, or other projectile in an
annealing furnace, and continue it there until the metal becomes more or less
decarbonized, so as to render it malleable, or partially so.
I claim, as of my Invention, the manufacture of shot, shells, hollow shot,
and other projectiles, by casting and annealing them as above described.
AN IMPROVED SIFTER OR SHOVEL
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Armsdell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th February
. 1855.
I, CHARLES ARMSDELL, of Fenchurch Street, in the City of London, Painter,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SIFTER
OR SHOVEL" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing a shovel with a double bottom, the
under one being solid, while the upper bottom is inclined from the front
towards the back; it has gratings, apertures, or perforations made therein.
The back of the shovel is formed into a box, closed at front by a flap, opened
by a rod passing through the back plate or otherwise; the handle is made
hollow, or an opening is provided at the back of the box for emptying the
contents thereof; or the inclined perforated plate or grating may be made to
lift upon a hinge, and the contents may be thrown out from the front of the
shovel.
The sifter is intended chiefly for cinders, but it may be advantageously
employed for screening coal, grain, and other matters requiring to be sifted.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE NAPTHA, AMMONIA, AND CHARCOAL, AND ALSO FOR THE EVOLUTION OF THE CARBURETTED AND OLEFIANT GASES THEREFROM
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION, left by Edwin Lodge and George Marshall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
13th June 1855.
We, EDWIN LODGE, of Mirfield, in the Parish of Mirfield, in the County of
York, Manufacturing Chemist, and GEORGE MARSHALL, of Huddersfield, in
the same County, Chemist and Druggist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ANIMAL AND
VEGETABLE NAPTHA, AMMONIA, AND CHARCOAL, AND ALSO FOR THE EVOLUTION OF THE
CARBURETTED AND OLEFIANT GASES THEREFROM," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in employing the refuse or waste of wool and cotton,
otherwise almost useless, (being the residue of the divers fabrics or other
materials manufactured from these substances,) in and for the production of
animal and vegetable naphtha, ammonia, and charcoal, and also for the evolu-
tion of the carburetted and olefiant gases therefrom, and the conversion and
application of such said cases to the purposes of lighting houses, manufactories,
&c. &c. The means by which these improvements may be effected are as
follows: We place the woollen and cotton waste in a retort made of iron or of
fire clay, and set over a fire in the ordinary way. The effect, of the heat upon
the waste, when-regularly-and-moderately-applied-thereto, will-be-to-evolve tar
and ammoniacal water therefrom, the tar being of an oily consistence. This
tar is then distilled in a common still, and the product so brought over is then

page_text: mixed with the black oxide of manganese and sulphuric acid of the strength of
172° of Twaddle's hydrometer, and this is rectified by being introduced into
another still of the ordinary construction, and the products are rectified
vegetable and animal naphtha, and-what-is, left in the retort is thrown away.
in,
If the naphtha is not required for very nice purposes, it may be brought over
without the introduction of the black oxide of manganese and sulphuric acid,
as aforesaid. The charcoal left in the retort in the first distillation being
of a very superior quality, is therefore applicable to the manufacture of superior
substances or compounds in which charcoal is required to be employed. The
ammonia of the water evolved during the first distillation may then be com-
bined with sulphuric, muriatic, or other acids, and by the ordinary process of
crystallization a sulphate, muriate, or other salts of ammonia may be formed;
or it may be made into concentrated liquor of ammonia by being introduced
into another still, and then brought over in the ordinary manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES SUITABLE FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC OR STEREOSCOPIC PROOFS OR PORTRAITS
Year: 1855

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gedge at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February 1855.
- A communication.
I, JOHN GEDGE, of No. 4, Wellington Street South, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRAMES SUITABLE FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC OR STEREOSCOPIC
PROOFS OR PORTRAITS," (a communication) from J. E. Pointeau, of Paris, in
the Empire of France, to be as follows :-
Instead of the frames at present in use for receiving and protecting stereo-
scopic or photographic proofs or portraits, I propose to make frames by
which a certain distance shall be preserved between the prepared glass and the
proof or portrait, making the back framing in such a manner as to secure
the said object of exact distance. It is known that of stereoscopic proofs
two are taken from the same subject at different angles; these are superposed
in frames, and only one is visible, but that one in great relief. This effect,
however, will be much increased by the use of my Invention, which, from the
peculiarity of the parts, forming in the whole a frame, secures the spectator a
view of the object, portrait, or proof in its highest developement, and produces
an effect hitherto unknown in photographic or stereoscopic objects.
C