Improvements in Universal Rolling Trains for Round and Square Iron.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 8th June, 1889
Improvements in Universal Rolling Trains for Round and
Square Iron.
I, WILHELM BANSEN of Kattowitz, Upper-Silesia, Germany Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows 1
My invention relates to improvements in universal rolling trains for rolling round
and square iron and consists in placing a number of ordinary universal rolls one
behind the other, so that round or square bar iron may be rolled from the slab in
one operation at a great saving as compared with the old method.
In the manufacture of small bar iron, namely that under 1, a large number of
skilled hands are required as each bar has to be conveyed by hand from one roll to
the next smaller and entered into the matrice in the smaller rolls and held in position
by the hand during the operation of reducing, but in my improved universal roll this
manual labour is dispensed with, as the rod is held in the proper position by the
guides which are placed before each pair of rolls; consequently it is clear that by
this process much valuable time is saved and less workmen are required for the
same work.
In my process the rough bar is led into the first pair of rolls by the workmen and
from this conducted to the next pairs of rolls automatically where the complete
process of rolling is gone through.
In order to guide the bar from one pair of rolls to the next without the aid of
manual labour, there are guides fitted, through which an iron rod passes and before
every pair of rolls with the exception of the first pair, there is a pair of vertical
revolving plain rolls, which reduce the section of the bar before it enters the
horizontal rolls.
The rolls, which have the largest grooves, are placed first in the train and then
the second, third and fourth pair in the order of the size of their grooves. Between
each pair of rolls is a guide-fitted which guides- the rods from one roll to the next.
The guide consists of blocks which are held firmly in their position on the face-
plates;
the blocks are covered on the top by the hinged cover which can be lifted
by the rod which is being rolled when the front roll delivers more than the following
roll can draw in.

page_text: Just in front of the second, third and fourth pair of horizontal rolls are placed
vertical flat rolls. These vertical. flat rolls are so arranged that they fit into the
guides and compress the bar of iron sideways as it passes through.
The vertical rolls and the guides which are placed close in front of the horizontal
rolls prevent the rod from turning, which is of great importance in rolling bar iron.
The speed of the rolls is so regulated to each other according to the size of the
different grooves that the following roll always takes the iron from the preceeding
one and they are driven by cog wheels.
The plain vertical rolls are driven from cones. The cones drive shafts to which
are fitted conical wheels; these wheels gear into other conical wheels on the shafts
of the vertical rolls.
If each pair of horizontal grooved rolls has a speed of 25% more than that of the
foregoing pair, tho grooves themselves must be 25% smaller than in the preceeding
pair, but the grooves in the rolls can not be so exactly made as to prevent a strain
coming on the bar being rolled. Therefore I make the grooves in the preceeding
roll a little larger than the following section of the iron which the roll can work up.
The hinged pieces will be raised by the rod.
If the rod rises in the form of a bow between each pair of rolls the workman
knows that the grooves in the rolls are set right and no injurious strain is brought
to bear on the rod being rolled.
The vertical rolls are set in the following manner both when rolling round and
square iron.
Two screws are fitted in the frame work of the rolls one above and the other
below; the ends of the same. are fitted with chain wheels which are connected
together by the chain.
The process of rolling round bar iron in my improved universal rolling train is
as follows:
The trains of rolls are so set that the grooves are in the proper proportion.
The vertical plain rolls are now set so that they press the bar sideways as it
passes through a little smaller than the diameter of the grooves in the following
horizontal rolls.
When all the rolls are set and the guides fastened in place, a piece of suitable iron
is fed into the first pair of horizontal grooved rolls and leaves the same with a
certain section, it then passes through the guides to the vertical plain rolls where it
is pressed into another form and passes on through the second pair of horizontal
grooved rolls, where it is rolled into a smaller diameter.
In the second pair of vertical plain rolls it receives a smaller section and so on
passing through the different rolls receiving the various sections in rotation until it
passes through the last pair of horizontal rolls, where the bar comes out finished.
Square iron is roller in exactly the same manner but instead of round grooves in
the horizontal rolls square grooves are used.
Dated Berlin this th day of March 1880

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Universal Rolling Trains for Round and
Square Iron.
I, WILHELM BANSEN of Kattowitz Upper-Silesia, Germany, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in universal rolling trains for rolling round
and square iron and consists in placing a number of ordinary universal rolls one
behind the other, so that round or square bar iron may be rolled from the slab in
one operation at a great saving as compared with the old method.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings
in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different figures.
Fig. 1 is a top view of my improved universal rolling train.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same through the line a ẞ fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section through the line &
fig. 2.
fig. 4.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view on a larger scale of the guides between each set of rolls..
Fig. 5 is a cross section through the line y 8 fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through the line
Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the driving gear.
Fig. 8 is a vertical section through the lines fig. 7.
"1
Fig. 9 is a view of the different stages through which round iron passes in passing
through my improved universal rolling train.
Fig. 10 is a view of the different stages through which square iron passes in passing
through my improved universal rolling train.
Figs. 11 and 12 show the relative position of the vertical and horizontul rolls.
In the manufacture of small bar iron, namely that under 14", a large number of
skilled hands are required as each bar has to be conveyed by hand from one roll to
the next smaller and entered into the matrice in the smaller rolls and and held in
position by the hand during the operation of reducing, but in my improved universal
rolls this manual labour is dispensed with, as the rod is held in the proper position
by the guides which are placed before each pair of rolls; consequently it is clear
that by this process much valuable time is saved and less workmen are required for
the same work.
In my process the rough bar is led into the first pair of rolls by the workmen and
from this conducted to the next pairs of rolls automatically where the complete
process of rolling is gone through.
In order to guide the bar from one pair of rolls to the next without the aid of
manual labour, there are guides fitted, through which the iron rod passes and before
every pair of rolls with the exception of the first pair there is a pair of vertical..

page_text: revolving plain rolls which reduce the section of the bar before it enters the
horizontal rolls.
The rolls A A which have the largest grooves, are placed first in the train (figs. 1
and 2) and then the second, third and fourth pairs, in the order of the size of their
grooves. Between each pair of rolls is a guide fitted (figs. 4, 5 and 6) which guides
the rods from one roll to the next. The guide consists of the V-blocks s s³ which
are held firmly in their position on the face-plates; the blocks s s² are covered on
the top by the hinged cover a which can be lifted by the rod which is being rolled
when the front roll delivers more than the following roll can draw in (fig. 4).
Just in front of the second, third and fourth pair of horizontal rolls are placed the
vertical flat rolls B¹ B' B' B2 B3 B. These vertical flat rolls are so arranged that
they fit into the guides and compress the bar of iron sideways as it passes through,
(figs. 9 and 10).
The vertical rolls and the guides to to which are placed close in front of the
horizontal rolls prevent the rod from turning, which is of great importance in rolling
bar iron.
The speed of the rollers A A, A' A, B B &c. is so regulated to each other
according to the size of the different grooves, that the following roll always takes
the iron from the preceding one and they are driven by the cog wheels bb¹¹
The plain vertical rolls B' B', B2 B2, B3 B are driven from the cones C
CO, O. The cones (drive the shafts e ele² to which are fitted the conical
wheels dd, d² d², d' d'; these wheels gear into other conical wheels d¹ d', dª³ d³¸ d³ d³
on the shafts of the vertical rolls.
If each pair of horizontal grooved rolls A' A', A² A' &c. has a speed of 25%
more than that of the foregoing pair, the grooves themselves must be 25% smaller
than in the preceeding pair, but the grooves in the rolls can not be so exactly made
as to prevent a strain coming on the bar being rolled. Therefore I make the grooves
in the preceeding roll a little larger than the following section of the iron which the
roll can work up.
The hinged pieces a a¹ a³, will be raised by the rod as seen by the dotted lines
in fig. 4.
If the rod rises in the form of a bow between each pair of rolls the workman
knows that the grooves in the rolls are set rightly and no injurious strain is brought
to bear on the rod being rolled.
The vertical rolls B₁ B¹ to B³ B³ are set in the following manner both when rolling
round and square iron.
Two screws are fitted in the frame work of the rolls (fig. 3) one above and
the other below; the ends of the same are fitted with chain wheels h h¹ which are
connected together by the chain i.
The bearings k of the vertical rolls are also guided by the guide rod g which runs
parallel to and behind the screw f. The nuts ll are fitted to the top and bottom of
the vertical rolls in the bearings kk. The nuts are held fast on the screws ffl
by the lock nuts m m.
The bearings k are slotted in front at n and can be pressed together by the
screws o o so as to prevent the nuts from turning in the bearings k.
In order for example to move the left hand vertical roll B¹ to the left and to
leave the right hand one stationary, the screws of the right hand bearings k k¹
are loosened and those of the left hand bearings tightened up. The lock nuts mm
of the left hand bearings are loosened and the nuts on the loft hand side of the left
hand bearings screwed so far back as is required to move the left hand vertical roll B³.
The screws and are now revolved till the left hand bearings abut against the
displaced lock-nut on the left hand side, and the right band lock nuts are tightened
up, and the screws o o of the right hand bearings kk screwed up again.
The process of rolling round bar iron in my improved universal rolling train is
as follows:
The trains of rolls A A' A* &c. are so set that the grooves are in the proper
proportion.
5

page_text: The vertical plain rolls B¹ B', B B², B³ B³ &c. are now set so that they press the
bar sideways as it passes through a little smaller than the diameter of the grooves
in the following horizontal rolls.
When all the rolls are set and the guides to fastened in place, a piece of suitable
iron is fed into the first pair of horizontal grooved rolls A A and leaves the same
with a section, say, corresponding to I. fig. 9; it then passes through the guides w w
to the vertical plain rolls B¹ B¹, where it is pressed into the form 11. fig. 9 and passes
on through the second pair of horizontal grooved rolls A' A', where it is rolled into a
smaller diameter III. fig. 9.
In the second pair of vertical plain rolls B' B' it receives the section IV. fig. 9 and
so on passing through the different rolls receiving the section V., VI. in rotation
until it passes through the last pair of horizontal rolls A³ A³, where the bar comes
out finished as in VII. fig. 9.
Square iron is rolled in exactly the same manner but instead of round grooves
in the horizontal rolls square grooves are used.
A piece of suitable iron is fed into the first pair of horizontal grooved rolls A A
and leaves the same with a section, say, corresponding to I. fig. 10, it then passes
through the guides a a to the vertical plain rolls B¹ B' where it is pressed into the
form Il. fig. 10 and passes on through the second pair of horizontal grooved
rolls A¹ A¹ where it is rolled into a smaller diameter III. fig. 10.
In the second pair of vertical plain rolls B³ B² it receives the section IV., fig. 10
and so on passing through the different rolls receiving the sections V., VI. in rotation
until it passes through the last pair of horizontal rolls A A where the bar comes out
finished as in VII. fig. 10.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1.) In universal rolling trains for round and square bar iron, the combination of
the horizontal grooved rolls A A, A' A³, A² A³, A5 A³, placed one behind the other,
with the vertical plain rolls B¹ B1, B2 B2, B3 B³, substantially and for the purpose as
described.
2.) In universal rolling trains for round and square bar iron, the combination of
the horizontal grooved rolls A A, A' A', A² A², A³ A³, placed one behind the other,
with the vertical plain rolls B₁ B', B² B², B³ B³, driving cones C C", shafts e e¹ e² and
bevel wheels d d' d' d³ dª d³, substantially and for the purpose as described.
3.) In universal rolling trains for round and square bar iron, the combination of
the horizontal grooved rolls A A, A¹ A', A² A³, A³ A³, placed one behind the other,
with the vertical plain rolls B' B', B* B2, B3 B³, driving cones C C', shafts e e¹ e² und
bevel wheels d d³ d³ d³ d' d³, screws fƒ¹, nuts 1 1, bearings k k¹ having the slit n and
lock nuts m m, substantially and for the purpose as described.
Dated Berlin this 15th day of April 1889.
i