Improvements relating to the Furnaces of Steam Generators.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1892-Accepted. 30th July. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Furnaces of Steam Generators.
We, HENRY JOSEPH BARRETT, Commission Merchant, and WILLIAM RUMBLE,
Engineer, both of Kingston-upon-Hull in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
The objects of this invention are three-fold, namely; (1) to economize fuel;
(2) to obtain greater heating power with less fuel than heretofore; and (3) to
prevent the formation of smoke; and in carrying out this invention, we make use
of the means described in the Specification of Patent granted to us, No. 14410,
dated 12 September, 1890.
In the Specification of the said Patent, we described the introduction of jets of
steam into the incandescent fuel in the grate, by means of nozzles arranged in a
particular manner, and supplied with steam from the steam space of the generator
or elsewhere.
The present invention consists in mixing with the steam, a liquid hydrocarbon
such as tar refuse, or any other hydrocarbon of like character, which we force from
a suitable receiver.
It has been found that liquid hydrocarbons of all kinds do not travel by gravity
with sufficient freedom to be of service, and when a thick or heavy substance is
employed, the ordinary injector, for the same reason, is of little use. We have
therefore devised a simple apparatus by which the travel of the hydrocarbon to the
steam pipe may be ensured."
This apparatus consists of a long cylinder, which may contain a piston, the rod
of which passes through a stuffing box in the cylinder end.
This cylinder may be provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe for the
hydrocarbon, both on the same side of the piston, and an inlet for steam and an
outlet for condensed water and steam on the other side of the piston; or the inlets
and outlets on both sides may be so arranged as to serve either for the hydrocarbon
or steam. The hydrocarbon outlets will be connected by a suitable pipe provided
with a regulating cock, with the steam pipe that supplies the nozzles before
mentioned, and the hydrocarbon mixing therein with the steam, is projected from
the nozzles into the fire.
To set the apparatus, the condensed water contained in the cylinder is drawn off,
and the piston may be forced, by hand or otherwise, to one end of the cylinder.
That portion of the cylinder in advance of the piston, is then filled with the hydro-
carbon by means of a funnel.
When the cylinder is full, the filling pipe is closed; the hydrocarbon outlet is
opened; the condensed water outlet is closed; and the steam is turned on.
The steam pressure causes the piston to advance, and forces the hydrocarbon
through the outlet pipe, the quantity being regulated by the cock, which also, in
effect, regulates the speed at which the piston advances, although a throttle valve
for the steam may also be used. In some cases, the piston may be dispensed with,
the pressure of the steam alone being used to force out the hydrocarbon.
By these means, the hydrocarbon, which may be of almost any density, is forced in
suitable quantities into the steam pipe, where, mixing with the steam, it is carried
forward, and, as before stated, projected into the fire.
Instead of steam, air pressure may be used to force up the hydrocarbon, and by.
hutting off the supply of hydrocarbon, the steam alone may be introduced into
he fire, as described in our former Specification.
Dated this 29th day of January 1892.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Furnaces of Steam Generators.
We, HENRY JOSEPH BARRETT, Commission Merchant, WILLIAM RUMBLE,.
Engineer, both of Kingston-upon-Hull, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and' ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of the present invention is to economize fuel, and to obtain greater
heating power with less fuel than heretofore, and incidentally to prevent the
formation of smoke.
In carrying out this invention, we work upon the lines described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to us, dated 12th September 1890,
No. 14410.
In the Specification of the said Patent, we described the introduction of jets of
steam into the incandescent fuel in the grate, which induce an increased supply of
oxygen to the fire, and by the decomposition of the steam form a combustible gas,
by which means the combustion of the fuel is insured and the formation of smoke
prevented.
The present invention consists in mixing with the steam jets before referred to,
a liquid hydrocarbon, such as tar refuse, the results being an economy both in the
quality and the quantity of the solid fuel employed, and a considerably increased
heating power in the flame produced, and consequently an increased evaporation of
the water, for the amount of fuel employed, thereby effecting further economy in
the production of steam.
It has been found by experiments that the cheaper and heavier liquid hydro-
carbons which it is preferred to use for our purpose, do not travel by gravity
with sufficient freedom to be of much service, and our invention therefore also
consists in a simple apparatus by means of which the hydrocarbon will be forced
into the steam pipe for use.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of so much of a double furnace steam generator as
is required to show our invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view, and
Fig. 3 à front view of the same.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the hydrocarbon
apparatus, and
Figs. 5 show in front view, plan view, and side view, the arrangement of the jet
apparatus it is preferred to employ for the purposes of our invention.
A is the furnace, B the ash pit, and C the bridge. D is a transverse steam pipe
provided with nozzles arranged to correspond with the spaces between the grate
bars; and D' is a pipe connecting the pipe D with the steam space of the boiler, as
in our former Patent.
When using the liquid hydrocarbon, we find it desirable to increase the number
of jets, and we therefore provide two more transverse steam pipes, one, D³, about
the centre of the grate, and another, D', near the front of the grate.
These pipes D2, D3 we set slightly diagonal to the grate bars, as seen at Fig: 2,
and each nozzle we form of a T shaped piece E, as seen at Figs. 5.
The perforated T-heads of these nozzles we arrange parallel with and between
the grate bars, and the holes in each will be of such a diameter that the combined
jets of each nozzle will not be greater than the jet projected by each of the
nozzles D.
These T-shaped nozzles we prefer to arrange in alternate spaces, and the nozzles
of D will be arranged alternately of those of D (see Fig. 2), by which means we
get a better distribution of the steam and oil in the fire.

page_text: The hydrocarbon-forcing apparatus consists of a long cylinder F, having at
bottom a steam inlet F', and a condensed water outlet F, and at top a filling inlet
provided with a funnel F and an air outlet, and a hydrocarbon outlet provided
with a pressure gauge F.
A branch from the steam pipe F' may also be connected with the top of the
cylinder.
The cylinder contains a piston G, the piston rod G³ of which projects through a
stuffing box in the cylinder top.
The hydrocarbon is conveyed to the steam pipe D' by the pipe G².
The action of the apparatus is as follows, viz. :-The cylinder being empty, the
steam pipe F¹ is closed, and the outlet F' is opened, to let out any condensed water.
The piston is then pushed down to the bottom of the cylinder, preferably by hand,.
but it may be by steam.
Liquid hydrocarbon is then poured into the cylinder by the funnel F³, and when
the cylinder is full, the inlet F and the outlet F are closed, and the steam is turned
on. The pressure of the steam on the underside of the piston, forces it up, and
squeezes (so to speak) the hydrocarbon out of the cylinder through the pipe Ġ* to
the steam pipe D¹ supplying the nozzles. In this pipe, the hydrocarbon becomes
mixed with the steam, and is carried forward to the nozzles, from which it is pro-
jected into the incandescent fuel in the grate, a sheet of white flame being produced,
of great heating power, and without smoke.
The flow of hydrocarbon will be regulated by a cock, according to requirements..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what.
we claim is:-
1. Causing jets of steam and liquid hydrocarbon, mixed, to enter between the
grate bars of a furnace from below, and play upon the incandescent fuel on the
grate, as and for the purpose herein set forth.
2. The apparatus as herein shown and described, for forcing the liquid hydro-
carbon into contact with the steam, for supplying the steam jets, as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
3. The combination with the steam for supplying the steam jets, of a liquid.
hydrocarbon under pressure, as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Dated this 27th day of June 1892.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.