IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAIN-CABLE AND OTHER LINKS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAIN-CABLE AND OTHER LINKS,
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by Charles
Alexander Chamberlin, of Camden, New Jersey, United States of America,
Gentleman.
Sealed the 14th October 1879, and dated the 21st April 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CHAIN-CABLE AND OTHER LINKS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." [A communica-
tion from abroad by Charles Alexander Chamberlin, of Camden, New Jersey,
United States of America, Gentleman.]
This Invention relates to the manufacture of chain-cable and other links and to
apparatus therefor, and comprises rolls constructed and adapted for the production
of a bar or blank to form links with flattened bends containing a greater area of
metal in cross section than the sides.
It also comprises a rolled bar having raised swells or projections forming a link
blank.
It also comprises blanks cut for side or end welding.
It also comprises a link having flattened bends containing a greater area in cross
section than the sides.
It further comprises a link having flattened bends containing a greater area in
cross section than the sides, with said greater area extending beyond the point at
which fracture may occur on the sides.
It also comprises a studded link having flattened bends containing a greater area
in cross section than the sides with said greater area extending up to or beyond the
edges of the stud.

page_text: In carrying the said Invention into practice I provide a pair of rolls, both of
which are grooved circumferentially, the grooves being semi-circular. In the groove
of one of the said rolls there are depressions at intervals.
A bar of iron, elliptical in transverse section, and having its transverse axis
greater than the grooves in the rolls, is passed through the said grooves with the
transverse axis perpendicular to the axes of the rolls, whereby there is produced a
link blank, the same having raised swells which are elliptical in cross section, the
other parts of the blank being circular in cross section. The blank is cut in one
form for end welding and in another form for side welding.
When the bar is bent into shape the swells occupy positions at the ends or bends
of the link. The bends being elliptical in cross section are necessarily flat and
contain a greater area in cross section than the sides, or have increased depth
longitudinally, said swells reaching beyond or overlapping the points of junction of
the sides and bends so as to give increased depth.
The tendency to fracture at the points of junction between the sides and bends is
resisted by reason of the flattened form and by the increased depth of metal near
the points where fractures generally occur. The tendency to fracture on the outside
of the bend due to sudden jerks or strains is resisted by the increased depth of
metal at the end. The depth of the bends must not be greater than the internal
diameter thereof in order that the links when " threaded or connected will play
.freely in each other without binding, and the chain as formed will possess the
requisite flexibility.
In making comparison I employ as a basis the sides of an ordinary link of round
iron of equal area in cross section. By depth I mean the direction of the plane of
.greatest breadth of the link.
A stud or brace may be fitted between the sides of the link.
As has been stated the bends of the link contain greater area in cross section than
the sides, now in the studded link said greater area extends up to or beyond the
edges of the stud. A close link breaks either on the outside centre of the bend or
on the inside at the point of junction of the side and bend.
A studded link may
break on the inside near the stud, therefore the bases of the stud are extended
beyond the point of fracture on the sides.

page_text: The tendency to fracture on the outside of the bend due to sudden jerks or
The depth of
strains is resisted by the increased depth of metal in the lino z, z.
the bends must not be greater than the internal diameter thereof, in order that the
links when " threaded or connected will play freely in each other without binding,
and the chain as formed will possess the requisite flexibility.
In making comparison I employ as a basis the sides of an ordinary link of round
iron of equal area in cross section. By depth I mean the direction of the plane of
greatest breadth of the link.
D represents a stud or brace, which is fitted between the sides of the link.
As has been stated the bends of the link contain greater area in cross section than
the sides. Now in the studded link said greater area extends up to or beyond the
edges of the stud.
A close link breaks either on the outside centre of the bend or on the inside at
the point of junction of the side and bend. A studded link may break on the
inside near the stud, therefore the bases of the stud are extended beyond the point
of fracture on the sides.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-
stood that I claim,-
First. The rolls, constructed and adapted as described, for the production of the
link blank C.
Second. The link blank C, having raised swells or projections, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
Third. The blanks cut for side or end welding for forming links, as above set
forth.
Fourth. The links, having flattened bends containing a greater area in cross
section than the sides, for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The links, having flattened bends containing a greater area in cross section
than the sides, with the greater area extending beyond the point of fracture on the
sides, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
Sixth. The links, having flattened bends containing a greater area in cross section
than the sides, with the greater area extending up to or beyond the edges of the
stud, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty first day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
WM RORT LAKE (18)

page_text: DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
entered by the said Charles Alexander Chamberlin.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty by Her Letters Patent bearing date
the 21st day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy nine, in the forty second year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto the said William Robert Lake, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, the sole privilege of making, using, exercising, and
vending within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and the Isle of Man, the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CHAIN-CABLE AND OTHER LINKS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR,"
for and during the term of fourteen years thence next ensuing:
And whereas in pursuance of a proviso contained in the said Letters Patent, the
said William Robert Lake did within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent cause a Specification of the said Invention
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office:
And whereas by an assignment, dated the 20th day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and eighty, and duly registered in the Great Seal Patent Office
aforesaid, the said. Letters Patent, and all right, title, and interest therein, became
vested in the said Charles Alexander Chamberlin:
And whereas since the said Letters Patent were so assigned the said Charles

page_text: Alexander Chamberlin has been advised that certain portions of the Inventions
described and claimed in the said Specification were not new, as to the public
knowledge and use thereof, at the date of the said Letters Patent, and that by
reason of ambiguity in the language of other portions of the said Specification, the
same may be construed to claim generally that for which only a particular mode of
construction is intended to be claimed:
NOW KNOW YE therefore, that I, the said Charles Alexander Chamberlin, by
and with the consent of Her Majesty's Solicitor General, do alter and amend the
said Letters Patent and Specification as follows, that is to say :-I strike out of the
title in the said Letters Patent and Specification the words "and in apparatus
therefor," and referring to the Queen's Printers' copy of the said Specification, and
to page 3 of the same, I strike out of line 9 the words "and to," and the succeeding
words as far as the word "links" in line 11. I strike out of line 12 the words
“it also comprises," and insert in their place the word "from," and I strike out of
line 13 the words "forming a link blank. It also comprises blanks," and I strike
out the whole of the matter from this line to the end of line 20. And referring to
page 4, I strike out of line 19 the word "claim," and after the words "that I"
insert the words "do not make any claim to the machinery or apparatus used in
the construction of my improved links, nor do I claim links made by hand, but I
claim;" and I strike out the whole of the matter forming the subject of the 1st,
2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 6th claiming clauses; and I also strike out of line 28 the word
'fifth," and after the word the " I insert the word "improved;" and in line 30
after the word "sides" I insert the word "constructed," and after the word
'substantially " I strike out the word "as," and insert the words "in the manner."
And in order that the effect of the said Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration
may be fully understood, I annex a copy of the said Specification (omitting the
introductory and concluding clauses thereof) as it will appear after the above
specified alterations have been made therein.
"
"
"
"
This Invention relates to the manufacture of chain cable and other links with
"flattened bends, containing a greater area of metal in cross section than the sides,
" from a rolled bar having raised swells or projections.
"
In the accompanying Drawing,-
«
Figure 1 is a face view of rolls adapted for the production of a rolled bar or
"link blank.
"
"
"
18
«
t
"
"
"
"
Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line x¹, x', Figure 1.
Figure 2a is a side view of an elliptical bar from which the blank is formed.
Figure 3 is a side view of the blank.
Figure 4 is an edge view thereof.
Figure 5 is a transverse section on the line y, y, Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a transverse section on the line x, x, Figure 3.
Figure 7 is a side view of the blank cut for end welding.
Figure 8 is a side view of the blank cut for side welding.
Figure 9 is a face view of a link embodying my Invention.
Figure 10 is a longitudinal section thereof.
Figure 11 is a face view of a studded link.
Figure 12 is a transverse section thereof.
"Similar letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawings.
८८
A, A¹, represent a pair of rolls, both of which are grooved circumferentially as
"at a, a, the grooves being semi-circular.
"
"In the groove of the roll A there are depressions B at intervals.
"A bar B¹, B', of iron elliptical in cross section, and having its transverse axis
greater than the grooves a, a, is passed through the rolls A, A¹, in said grooves
"with the transverse axis perpendicular to the axes of the rolls, whereby there
" is produced a link blank C, the same having raised swells b which are elliptical
" in cross section as at the line a, a, and it is circular in cross section, as at the
« line y, Y.

page_text: "The blank is cut for end welding as shown in Figure 7, and for side welding as
" in Figure 8.
"When the bar is bent into shape the swells b occupy positions at the ends or
"bends of the link. The bends being elliptical in cross section are necessarily flat,
"and contain a greater area in cross section than the sides, or have increased depth
longitudinally as on the line z, z, said swells reaching beyond or overlapping the
points of junction of the sides and bends, so as to give increased depth on the
"line a¹, a'.
"
"The tendency to fracture at the points of junction between the sides and bends
"is resisted by the increased depth of metal on the lines a¹, a', and its flattened
form, which lines are near the points where fractures generally occur.
"The tendency to fracture on the outside of the bend due to sudden jerks or
"strains is resisted by the increased depth of metal on the line z, z. The depth of
the bends must not be greater than the internal diameter thereof, in order that
"the links when "threaded" or connected will play freely in each other without
binding, and the chain as formed will possess the requisito flexibility.
"In making comparison I employ as a basis the sides of an ordinary link of
"round iron of equal area in cross section. By depth I mean the direction of the
plane of the greatest breadth of the link.
"D represents a stud or brace which is fitted between the sides of the link.
"As has been stated, the bends of the link contain greater area in cross section
than the sides. Now in the studded link said greater area extends up to or
"beyond the edges of the stud.
"A close link breaks either on the outside centre of the bend or on the inside at
"the point of junction of the side and bend. A studded link may break on the
"inside near the stud, therefore the bases of the stud are extended beyond the
point of fracture on the sides.
C
"
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent and the manner of performing the same, I wish it under-
"stood that I do not make any claim to the machinery or apparatus used in the
"construction of my improved links, nor do I claim links made by hand, but I
"claim,
"The improved links having flattened bends containing a greater area in cross
"section than the sides, with the greater area extending beyond the point of
"fracture on the sides, constructed substantially in the manner and for the purposes
specified."
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Alexander Chamberlin, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord
0
al night one
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the within-named Charles Alexander
Chamberlin to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which
the same relates, the above written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration.
Dated this Twenty eighth day of April, One thousand eight hundred and eighty