AN IMPROVED BATTERY OR ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF SUGAR
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
CROSLEY, of Hooper Square, Leman Street, in the City of London, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventh day of November, in the third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henry Crosby, Her especial licence that I, the said Henry Crosley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said
Henry Crosley, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad,
my Invention of "AN IMPROVED BATTERY OR ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR
THE MANUFACTURING OF SUGAR;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso obliging me, the said Henry Crosley, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of
iny said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and
to cause the same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Crosley, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to
consist:-
First, in an arrangement of coils or lengths of pipe in the various pans or
teaches of the battery, such pipe communicating with a main steam pipe
leading from a steam boiler in such manner that I can raise the temperature
of the liquor in the various pans at pleasure, and independently of each other;
Secondly, in a peculiarly shaped crystallizing vessel possessing all the advan-
tages with reference to drawing off the molasses that the ordinary cone does,
but on a much larger scale;
And lastly, in the general arrangement of the various pans or vessels of the
battery, with reference to each other, for greater convenience in working
the same.
And, in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Henry Crosley,
do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a plan of my said Invention. A, a steam-boiler. B, brickwork
for ditto. C, valve on steam boiler. D, pipe from steam boiler for conveying
steam to the pipes marked C in F, which is a cistern made of any proper
material in which a series of pipes are fixed, and into which cistern the
cane juice is pumped or discharged from the receiver and mill for the pur-
pose of being heated in the said cistern preparatory to tempering it with lime.
c, c, c, a series of pipes, in which pipes the steam is condensed by the cane
juice discharged into the cistern. d, the stuffing box into which the ingress
end of the series of pipes c, c, c, enter to allow for the expansion and con-
traction of the pipes. e, the stuffing box, into which the egress end of the
series of pipes c, c, c, terminates, for the purpose previously stated. f, the
pipe connected to the egress end of the series of pipes c, c, c, to convey the
steam which is condensed in the said series of pipes by the cane juice, and
thence as hot water conveyed by the pipe f into G, which is the water
cistern that supplies the steam boiler. H, a pump for feeding the steam
boiler. g, the cock at bottom of juice cistern F for discharging the heated
juice into I, the clarifying pan, made of copper, or iron, or other proper
material. h, a coil of pipe of copper, iron, or any other proper metal, of a
proper bore, fixed by i, i, cross stays of copper or iron, which are fixed to a
circular ring at the centre of the pan; these stays are above and below

page_text: the coil, when fixed by screw bolts and nuts to the bottom of the pan, to
keep the coil in its proper shape and place. j, an aperture with cock
attached at the bottom and centre of the pan for discharging the clarified
sugar or cane juice. J, shifting gutter for discharging the clarified juice into
either of the copper pans. K, K, two pans made of copper or iron, or other
proper material, in each of which a coil of pipe is fixed, as previously described,
into either of which pans the clarified liquor or juice is discharged, and finally
cleansed or cleared, and partially evaporated into syrup, preparatory to dis-
charging it into L, the striking teache or pan, similarly fitted up with a coil of
pipe fixed as previously described, although in the striking teach the said coil
is sometimes continued around the side of the said teache when it is required
to be made of smaller capacity; in this pan or teache the syrup is finally
evaporated to the consistence for crystallizing. k, k, wooden cases in which
each of the pans is fixed. 1, 1, wooden beams on which the pans are sup-
ported, which beams rest upon brickwork, or framing and wall of building.
M, a gutter underneath the two pans K, K, for discharging the cleansed
syrup into the pan or teach L. N, a gutter for discharging the finally con-
centrated syrup into crystallizing vessel Q, the construction and use of which
is herein-after particularly described. O, steam valve on steam boiler attached
to P, main steam pipe leading in front of the pans, from which pipe other
branch pipes are connected, and also attached to m, m, m, m, cocks connected
to the ingress end of the coils of pipes in each of the pans. n, n, n, n, cocks
connected to the egress end of the coils of pipes in each of the pans. 0, 0, 0,
main pipe for receiving and conveying the condensed steam from each of the
coils in the pans into the water cistern G. p, p, p, p, levers for opening and
shutting the cocks for discharging the juice or syrup from the pans. Q, a
vessel made of copper, iron, or any other proper material, of the shape as
shewn by the section on Plan Q, No. 1. The brickwork or masonry in which
this vessel is fixed is built so as to form a jacket or space around the vessel,
and this jacket or space is lined with any cement, mastic, stucco, or paint that
will resist the action of the heat, and humidity, or steam, or hot water, at the
point the steam cock enters; and at the bottom and end of the jacket or space
a cock is fixed to permit the egress of the water, which may be conducted by
pipes or gutters into the water cistern G. Q is a plan of such a crystallizing
vessel. t, an iron rod or pricker, with stays above it, passing along the apex
or bottom of the vessel. This rod remains in the vessel when the boiled syrup is
discharged into it from the striking teache or pan L, and when the crystalliza-
tion is completely effected the rod is then withdrawn, and an aperture is thereby
left for the molasses to drain from the sugar; and if the drainage ceases

page_text: then the rod is again introduced from time to time, when needful to accelerate
the drainage of the syrup. S, walls of building. T, steam-boiler chimney.
Figure 2 is a section of my said Invention. F, cistern for heating the
cane juice by the waste steam from the steam engine. c, series of pipes in
cistern cxpipe for charging the cistern with juice from the mill. d and e
stuffing boxes for ends of ingress steam and egress steam pipes. 9, discharging
cock of heating cistern. h, a coil of pipes (as described in Plan) fixed in I,
the clarifying pan. i, cross stays and ring for fixing coil of pipes. j, dis-
charging cock fixed to aperture in centre of clarifying pan. J, shifting
gutter for discharging the clarified liquor into either of K, K, the two pans,
in each of which a coil of pipes is fixed, as before described. In these pans
clarified liquor is cleansed or cleaned and partially evaporated into syrup.
k, wooden cases in which each of the cans are fixed. 1, 1, 7, wooden bearers
for supporting the pans. L, the striking teache in which a coil of pipes is
fixed, as before described. M, a gutter for discharging the cleansing syrup
into the striking teache L. N, a gutter for discharging the finally con-
centrated syrup into a crystallizing vessel Q. P, main steam pipe from steam
boiler leading in front of the pans from which pipe the branch pipes
m, m, m, m, to which the cocks are attached, connect the coils of pipes in the
pans. n, n, m, n, branch pipes for condensed steam, to which the cocks
are attached to connect the coils of pipes in the pans to 0, 0, 0, main pipe
for receiving and conveying the condensed steam from the coils of pipes into
the water cistern G, as scen in Plan. p, p, p, p, cocks for discharging the
juice or syrup from the pans. Q, a crystallizing vessel, as before described.
t, the iron rod or pricker at the apex of the angle formed by the bottom.
of the vessel and stays across also the cock for discharging the condensed
steam.
Figure 3 is an elevation of my said Invention. F, part of the cistern for
heating the cane juice. d and e stuffing boxes for ends of ingress steam and
egress pipes. g, discharging cock of heating cistern. I, wooden encasement
of clarifying pan. j, lever of discharge cock of ditto. J, shifting gutter for
charging either of the cleansing pans. K, K, the incasement of the cleaning
pans. k, gutter (with discharge pipe at end, leading to scum eistern in front
of incasement of the cleansing pans for receiving the skimmings from the
juice or syrup. 1, stage with steps rising in front of the pans. L, incasement
of the striking teache. M, gutter for discharging the cleansed syrup into the
striking teache L. N, gutter for discharging the finally concentrated syrup
into crystallizing vessel Q. P, main steam pipe from steam boiler leading
in front of pans.
m, m, m, m, cocks with branch pipes to connect main

page_text: steam pipe to the coils of pipes in the pans. n, n, n, n, cocks with branch
pipes to connect the main condensed water pipe o to the coils of pipes in
the pans.
o the main condensed water pipe leading from front of the paus
to the water cistern G. p, p, levers of cocks that discharge the juice or
syrup from the pans. Q, brickwork, in which a space is left for the cir
culation of steam against the sides of the crystallizing vessel, as before de-
scribed. t, handle of the iron rod or pricker of the crystallizing vessel, and
also the cock for discharging the condensed steam from the crystallizer. V,
brickwork supporting the wooden beams 1, 1, 1, that support the pans. X,
columns for supporting the rising stage in front of the pans. The mode of
working the battery when so arranged is as follows:-The cane juice being
pumped up from the mill into the heating cistern F is there tempered for
clarifying and then let down by the cock g into the clarifying vessel I; when
clarified there the liqour is discharged by the gutter J into either one or
more of the cleansing pans K, K, from which pans the cleansed and partially
evaporated syrup is discharged by means of the gutter M into the evaporating
pan or teach L, from which, when evaporated to proof for crystallization,
the
syrup is discharged by the gutter N into the crystallizing vessel Q, where
the molasses is drained off, and the sugar cured. No one will be at a loss
to manage the steam and condensed water cocks, which must of course be
worked with reference to each other during the foregoing process. In the
steam case formed by the brickwork around the crystallizing vessel it is only
needful to use steam at a pressure or heat that will raise the temperature of
the mass in the crystallizing vessel to about one hundred and eighty-six
degrees of Fahrenheit's scale; a greater degree would be injurious to the
operation to be performed. Now whereas it is evident that when a high-
pressure steam engine is used on the premises the waste steam may be used
to heat the cistern or cane-juice vessel, and the steam from the engine boiler
may be used to feed the main steam pipe herein-before alluded to. But
whereas I claim as my Invention,-
First, the application of steam to heat the liquids in the various vessels of
the battery by the introduction of coils or lengths of pipe, as herein-before
described;
Secondly, the crystallizing vessel herein-before described;
And, lastly, the general arrangement of the battery or apparatus herein-
before described.
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
entirely new, and never before used within Her said Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the

page_text: same, and that I do verily believe this my said Specification doth comply,
in all respects, fully and without reserve or disguise, with the proviso in
the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained; wherefore
I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said
Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Crosley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Sixth day of March, in
the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Henry Crosley came before our Lady
the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute in
that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Sixth day of March, in the year above written.