Improvements in or relating to Window Sash Locks.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1898 - Accepted, 4th Feb., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Window Sash Locks.
A communication from THEODORE B. STEVENS, Clerk, of 723, Logan Avenue,
Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
I. ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to sash locks adapted to be attached to the meeting rails
of window sashes to lock them together. The object is to supply a neat and cheap
sash lock which shall be automatic in its locking action, and practically burglar
proof, and also capable of drawing the meeting sash rails close together.
The invention consists of a casing adapted to be attached to the upper rail of
the lower sash and having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined floor, a locking
roller in said casing resting upon and adapted to roll rearwardly down said floor,
a bail for drawing this locking roller forward, and a casing adapted to be attached
to the lower rail of the upper sash, which casing has a recess into which part of
the locking roller projects when it has rolled rearward as described.
The invention consists likewise of the means hereinafter described for drawing
together the two sash lock casings, and consequently the sash rails to which they
are attached; of the means for preventing the picking or tampering with the lock;
and for generally increasing the efficiency and simplicity of the lock and facilitating
its attachment to the sash rails.
In the drawings, Figures 1 to 5 inclusive show the invention in its best form;
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lock when attached to the meeting rails of two
window sashes, but when the two casings are not locked together; Figure 2 is a
sectional side elevation of the device when the two casings are locked together;
Figure 3 is a plan view; and Figure 4 is a side elevation, with casing I partly
broken away, before the windows are closed. Figures 5 to 8 show a modified form
of the device, of which Figure 5 is a side elevation, Figure 6 a sectional side
elevation when the casings are locked together; Figure 7 is a sectional side eleva-
tion when one of the sashes is open, and Figure 8 is a plan view of the device.
Figures 9 to 12 show another modified form, Figure 9 being a side elevation,
Figure 10 a sectional side elevation, Figure 11 a sectional side elevation when the
sashes have been drawn toward each other as well as locked together, and Figure 12
is a bottom view of the casing D.
A represents the lower rail of the upper sash, and B the upper rail of the lower
sash of a window. One of the lock members, namely, the casing D, is secured by
screws F to the rail B; while the other casing C is secured by screws H to the
sash rail A.
The casing D, which is open at its rear side, consists, as shown, of two sides d,
an inclined floor d', and the front end the space bounded by said sides and
end being large enough to wholly contain the locking roller E. This locking

page_text: roller rests upon the inclined floor d¹ and tends to roll down it backward into the
recess c in the front side of the casing C..
This recess c is deep enough to contain somewhat more than half of said roller,
wherefore said roller, when projecting into recess c never rolls entirely off the floor
of the casing D. When the roller is partly in recess c one can neither raise the
lower sash nor lower the upper sash. because the roller will be caught between
the floor of the casing D and the roof c¹ of casing C, and thereby prevent the
relative movement of either sash rail in the opening direction.
The roller E may be drawn forward into casing D, and wholly out of recess c,
by a bail G which passes out through the front end of casing D,-its projecting
end being easily grasped for the purpose stated. This bail is a bent piece of sheet
metal having, on its ends, the inwardly projecting fingers g, which enter the open
ends of the roller E, and the outwardly projecting fingers g¹, which enter holes d³ ³
in the sides of the casing D. These fingers prevent the removal of the roller from
casing D. On the sides of the casing D are the inwardly projecting lugs d which
overhang the sides-of the bail and prevent its displacement from the operative
position shown. The casing D is preferably made of two equal parts d³, each
consisting of one of the sides, a part of the inclined floor, and of the front end. On
each part is an outwardly projecting foot de having a slot for the fastening
.screw F.
On the sides of the casing C are the bevelled wings c² 2, with which inclined
flanges d on the rear edges of the sides of the casing D engage, whereby as the
two sashes move in the closing direction, the two casings, and consequently the
sash rails, are drawn toward each other.
A set screw K may pass in an inclined direction down through the top of the
casing C and bear against the locking roller E. If this screw be screwed down,
the upper rail is moved upward and the lower rail downward relatively, whereby
these inclined wings and flanges 8 co-act to forcibly draw the meeting rails
into close contact with each other.
The casing C extends in front of the sash rail to which it is attached, the other
sash rail being cut away as shown to permit the casing C to pass down. The lower
edge of the casing C passes under the rear edge of the floor of casing D;--wherefore
is is impossible for one to thrust a knife blade up between the two sash rails and
the two casings, and push the locking roller wholly into casing D, and thus unlock
the sash rails:
When it is desired to unlock the sashes, one takes hold of the bail G and draws
the locking roller E forward. The fingers g¹ may be then moved just in front of
the small shoulders on the sides of the casing. This insecurely holds the bail
in the forward position, which holds the roller out of the recess e, as shown in
Figure 1, long enough to raise the window sash; but as the upper end of casing C
passes the locking roller, an overhanging tongue just touches the roller, pushing
it up the inclined floor a very short distance. This movement of the roller permits
the bail to rock and disengage the fingers g and shoulders, referred to; where-
upon the roller rolls down the inclined floor until these fingers g engage with
the rear ends of the slots in the sides. The roller is now in the position to auto-
matically engage with the casing C when the windows are closed. During the
relative upward movement of the casing C the upper end of this casing strikes
the roller E, pushes it forward in casing D, and then after casing C has passed
upward the roller rolls down this inclined floor into the recess c, and the two
casings are effectively locked together.
In the modification of the device shown in Figures 5 to 8 inclusive, the casing I)
is made in one piece only; and the bail G is a bent piece of wire, the, ends of which
pass through slots in the sides of the casing and engage with the locking roller.
In this form of the device no means are provided for positively drawing the two
meeting rails of the sashes together except the bevelled wings 2 on the casing C
and the inclined hooks do on the casing D,

page_text: In the form of the device shown in Figures 9 to 12 inclusive, the casing C has
two recesses in its front side, one recess c as shown on the other figures, and a
second recess c above it. The locking roller E is adapted to engage in this latter
recess when one or the other of the windows are opened an inch more or less, for
the purpose of getting ventilation. Of course, a casing C having two recesses as
shown in these figures, may be used in connection with the casings D shown in any
of the preceding figures.
The casing D as shown in Figures 9 to 12 inclusive is provided with a movable
wedge J, the top surface of which serves as the inclined floor of the casing 1) on
which the locking roller rests. Its rear end rests upon a more or less nearly hori-
zontal floor of the casing D, while the front end of this wedge extends out through
a hole in the front end of the casing D. On the horizontal floor of the casing D
is a small lugd, and on the under side of the wedge J is another lug j. After
the locking roller E has entered the recess c, if it is desired to draw the two meet-
ing rails together, this wedge is pushed backward until the lug on it has passed the
lug on the casing floor. The inclined top of the wedge engages with the roller
and pushes it upward, thereby causing the upper sash to be pushed upward and
the lower sash downward relatively, whereupon the bevelled wings and hooks on
the two casings respectively draw said meeting rails together.
The casing
in this construction has a downwardly extended web which lies
in a groove cut in the sash rail A, and at the bottom of this web are flanges ci c
which pass under the two sash rails. The fastening screw in that case passes
through the web horizontally and screws into the sash rail. These flanges on the
lower end of this web make it impossible for one to pass a knife blade between the
meeting rails at a point where it can be pushed up into engagement with the
roller.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
1. A window sash lock consisting of a casing, adapted for attachment to the
upper rail of the lower sash, and having an inclined floor, a roller in said casing
resting upon said floor, and a bail having inwardly turned fingers which enter the
ends of the roller, and a second casing, adapted for attachment to the lower rail
of the upper sash, and having in its front side a recess adapted to receive a part of
the roller, said roller being adapted to roll down the floor of one casing and to
project into the recess of the other casing when the window sashes are closed, sub-
stantially as specified.
2. A window sash lock consisting of a casing, adapted for attachment to the
upper rail of the lower sash, and having an inclined floor, a roller in said casing
resting on said floor, and a bail having inwardly turned fingers which enter the
ends of the roller, and a second casing adapted for attachment to the lower rail
of the upper sash, having in its front side two recesses one above the other,―the
roller being adapted to roll down the inclined floor and to project into one of said
recesses when the sashes are closed, or to project into the other recess when one of
the sashes is open a short distance, substantially as specified.
3. A window sash lock consisting of a casing, adapted for attachment to the upper
rail of the lower sash, and having an inclined floor, a front end, and two sides with
holes in them, a roller in said casing resting on said floor, and a bail passing through
the front end of said casing and having inwardly bent fingers which enter the
ends of the roller, and outwardly bent fingers which enter the holes of the sides
of the casing, and a second casing adapted for attachment to the lower rail of the
upper sash and having a recess in its front side into which said roller projects
when the sashes are closed, substantially as specified.
4. A window sash lock consisting of a casing, adapted for attachment to
the upper rail of the lower sash, and having an inclined floor, a roller in said casing

page_text: resting on said floor, and a bail having inwardly turned fingers which enter the
ends of, said roller, and another casing adapted for attachment to the lower rail
of the upper sash, which casing has a recess in its front side adapted to receive a
part of the roller when the sashes are closed, which said casing is extended under
the inclined floor of the casing first named, substantially as specified.
5. A window sash lock consisting of a casing, adapted for attachment to the
upper rail of the lower sash and having a movable wedge which forms an inclined
floor for said casing, and a second casing adapted for attachment to the lower
rail of the upper sash, and having a recess in its front side, the two casings having
interlocking bevelled wings and flanges whereby the movement of said wedge
under the roller causes the two sash rails to be drawn together.
6. A window sash lock consisting of a casing, adapted for attachment to the
upper rail of the lower sash, and having an inclined floor, and a second casing
adapted for attachment to the lower rail of the upper sash and having a recess
in its front side, the two casings having interlocking bevelled wings and flanges,
a locking roller resting upon an inclined floor and adapted to project into the recess
in the other casing, and a set screw passing down through the top of the last named
casing and bearing against said roller, substantially as specified.
7. The window sash lock substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 12th day of Doomham 1909
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.