New System of Sanitation for Yachts and Ships, and Means Employed therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 1st Feb.,
1896
'PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New System of Sanitation for Yachts and Ships, and Means
Employed therefor.
I, HENRY WARD, of 90 Coburg Street, North Leith, in the County of
Midlothian, North Britain, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
This invention relates to a new system of sanitation for yachts and ships, and
means employed therefor.
It has long been felt that the existing arrangements for dealing with the sewage
from yachts or ships bas been inconvenient and objectionable, owing to amongst
many other reasons the following
:-
(1.) The solids having to be pumped through valves which continually get out
of order.
(2.) Separate pumps being required for each w.c.
(3.) Ladies and children, as well as men, requiring to work these pumps every
time a w.c. is used.
.
The object of my new systein is to make a combination which will remove
these objections.
I make the drainage from the w.c's, lavatories baths, sinks and other places, a
gravitation one and by doing so I place the control of the whole drainage
arrangements of the ship or yacht under one responsible person; (6) do away
with separate discharge pipes at w.c's. (c) and reduce the number of openings
for w.c. discharge in the ships or yacht's sides.
In the carrying out of my system I place a sanitary tank or tanks in any
suitable situation to which sewage from the various fittings can flow by gravitation.
This tank is provided with ventilating and discharge pipes. The sewage is
removed from the tank by air pressure or suction, and to facilitate this, suitable
taps are placed upon the drains and air pipes to admit of the pressure or suction
being applied. In my combination I propose that the pressure or suction be
applied by a pump or other suitable apparatus, and this pump would be under the
control of the captain or other responsible person.
In my arrangement I propose to place an indicator in the tank which will shew
in all the responsible officers rooms, and in all apartments where sanitary fittings
are placed, the level of the water in the sanitary tank, and also give warning when
the tank is full and requires to be emptied. During the operation of emptying
the tank the indicator will also shew that the sanitary appliances cannot be used.
In my arrangement another indicator will also shew in all the respective officers
rooms, and in all places where sanitary appliances are fitted up, the quantity of
water in the ordinary clean water supply tank, and will give warning when it should
be filled. The said indicators may be operated by any suitable electric
arrangement.
I propose in my combination to disconnect by means of ventilated traps all
drains from the sanitary tank, and to have ventilated traps in connection with all
sanitary fittings.
To insure that the ventilation of these drains may not prove a nuisance to those
on board the ship or yacht, I propose to join the upper ends of all main
ventilating pipes to the ship or yachit's funnel or other suitable place where heat

page_text: applied will cause an upward current and so make the low level openings to act as
fresh air inlets.
Another of the advantages of my combination is that drains and air pipes can
at any time be tested to ascertain if the joints and connections are thoroughly air
and water tight.
Dated this 31st day of January 1895.
JOHNSONS,
115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New System of Sanitation for Yachts and Ships, and Means
Employed therefor.
I, HENRY WARD, of 90 Coburg Street, North Leith, in the County of
Mid-Lothian, North Britain, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new system of sanitation for yachts and ships, and
means employed therefor.
It has long been felt that the existing arrangements for dealing with the sewage
from yachts or ships has been inconvenient and objectionable, owing to amongst
many other reasons the following:
(1.) The solids having to be pumped through valves which continually get out
of order.
(2.) Separate pumps being required for each w.c.
(3.) Ladies and children, as well as men, requiring to work these pumps every
time a w.c. is used.
The object of my new system is to make a combination which will remove these
objections.
I make the drainage from the w.c's, lavatories, baths, sinks and other places, a
gravitation one and by doing so I place the control of the whole drainage
arrangements of the ship or yacht under one responsible person; do away with
separate discharge pipes overboard at each of the w.c's, and thereby reduce the
number of openings for the w.c's discharge pipes in the sides of the vessel.
But in order that my said invention may be more readily understood, I will
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 a sectional plan showing my
improvements applied to a steam yacht.
In the carrying out of my system I place a sanitary tank or tanks A in any
suitable situation to which sewage from the various fittings can flow by gravitation.
This tank A is provided with a ventilating air pipe B, and discharge pipe C.
The sewage is removed from the tank A by air pressure or suction, and to
facilitate this, suitable taps or valves are placed upon the drain pipes D, and
air pipes E of the system so as to admit of the pressure or suction being
applied. In my combination the pressure or suction is applied by a pump For
other suitable apparatus, and this pump F would be under the control of the
captain or other responsible person.
In my arrangement I place an indicator in the tank A which will shew in all
the responsible officers' rooms, and in all apartments where sanitary fittings are
placed, the level of the water in the sanitary tank A, and also give warning
when the tank A is full and requires to be emptied. During the opération
of emptying the tank A the indicators will also shew that the sanitary appliances
cannot be used.
In my arrangement another indicator will also shew in all the respective officers'

page_text: rooms, and in all places where sanitary appliances are fitted up, the quantity
of water in the ordinary clean water supply tank, and will give warning when it
should be filled. The said indicators may be operated by any suitable electric or
other arrangement.
Also in my combination I disconnect by means of ventilated traps all the
drains D from the sanitary tank A and have ventilated traps in connection with
all sanitary fittings H throughout the vessel.
To ensure that the ventilation of these drains D may not prove a nuisance to
those on board the ship or yacht, I join the upper ends of all the main ventilating
pipes E to the ship or yacht's funnel J or other suitable place where on heat
being applied an upward current will be caused and so the low level openings will
act as fresh air inlets.
Another of the advantages of my combination is that the drains D and air
pipes E can at any time be tested to ascertain if the joints and connections are
thoroughly air and water tight.
It will thus be seen from the foregoing, that the arrangement is such that all
the waste and discharge finds its own way by gravitation from all the sanitary
appliances into a collecting tank out of which it is pumped or otherwise
discharged. Also owing to the arrangement of the various drain and ventilation
pipes there is produced a sweet and efficient sanitation throughout the entire
vessel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting my system
of sanitation for yachts and ships, substantially as herein before described and shown
in the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In yacht, ship, and the like sanitation, arranging the sanitary appliances
in such a manner that the waste or discharge of same passes by gravitation into a
tank from whence it is discharged by means of a pump or its equivalent,
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the accoinpanying drawings.
3rd. In yacht, ship and the like sanitation, arranging and providing the sanitary
appliances with air or ventilation pipes, in combination with inclined drain pipes,
whereby an efficient sanitary system is effected, substantially as hereinbefore
described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
4th. In yacht, ship and the like sanitation, the arrangement of one or more
indicators, whereby the position of both the clean and dirty contents of the
main settling tank may be ascertained in any one or more places where a sanitary
appliance is used, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 8th day of October 1895.
JOHNSONS,
115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.