Improvements in or connected with the Weaving of Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Weaving of Textile Fabrics.
I, WILLIAM GARLICK, of Heathfield, Ashton-on-Mersey, in the County of
Chester, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My said invention relates to the weaving of textile fabrics and has for its
object to obtain effects by a single operation hitherto unattainable or only
attained after a series of operations.
My invention consists essentially in inserting within the warp and weft threads
of a fabric and binding in position thereby, a quantity of material such as cotton,
wool or silk which may be in a raw state or only partially manufactured.
By theso means I produce a fabric expeditiously and economically at olle
operation which previously has been either costly to attain or only been effected
by a series of operations. For instance prior to my invention the fabric wovell
for the purposes of being converted into flannellette has required to be woven
with a weft of sufficient thickness and bulk of cotton to allow of its being raised
on the surface by passing through a raising machine this process being not only
expensive owing to the weft having to be completely spun into a thread but also
to some extent destroys the strength of the material by the action of raising
as is at present performed so as to raise the weft into a fluffy surface. Under
my invention I insert a small quantity of raw or semi-manufactured cotton within
the warp and weft threads, and by this means provide a substance of cotton in
the fabric which may be raised into a flannelette without impairing the strength
of the weft. The weft moreover for raising purposes at present requires to be
softly spun and is consequently not so strong. Under my process an ordinary
or harder spun weft may be used thereby giving greater strength and durability
to the material. My invention however is applicable for the production of a
variety of fabrics as by varying the amount of material so bound up by the warp
and weft threads and the employment of either cotton, woollen or silk a variety
of fabrics can be produced such as cloth, blankets, carpets and the like.
The means whereby my object can be attained may vary in detail but the
essential principle consists in the employment of a series of hooks which are
reciprocated preferably by a suitable motion operated by the sley of the loom
although the method of operating the hooks may vary. The material to be
inserted in the fabric is suitably fed forward to effect which it may be
arranged upon an endless travelling helt slowly traversed by a ratchet or other
convenient motion to feed forward the material, or other mcaus may be ein-
ployed to feed forward the material. A knife or blade is also adapted to

page_text: be raised at times to allow the material to be fed forward and at times to grip
the material, and below the material is a reed or series of wires between which
the hooks are arranged to pass. The operation is shortly as follows. When the
"shed" is open the hooks are lowered and come into contact with the material
fed forward which is held down by the knife blade or by other suitable gripping
means the reed or wires serving as a foundation or table for the material. The
hooks, which are opened downwards, take off a portion of the material, and pass
through the raised warp threads. On the hooks rising the frictional contact with
the warp threads suffices to detach the material from the hooks and the weft
thread or pick is inserted and beaten up so as to bind firmly the material in
the cloth. The knife or blade or other gripping means is raised on the upward
movement of the hooks and the material is fed forward.
The amount of material such as cotton, wool, silk or the like inserted within
the fabric would vary in accordance with the feed and the size of the hooks. In
making flanellette for instance comparatively little raw or semi-manufactured
cotton need be inserted.
In other cases, such as the manufacture of blankets an increased amount of
material would be required.
My invention is applicable in the weaving of a variety of fabrics. For instance
silk or wool in a raw or partially manufactured state, undyed or dyed to any
suitable colour, can be utilized to form a surface and held securely in position
by the binding warp and weft threads of cotton which threads are buried in the
inserted material. The fabrics thus produced may be "gassed
treated to produce a variety of surfaces as will be understood.
or otherwise
Improvements in or connected with the Weaving of Textile Fabrics.
I, WILLIAM GARLICK, of Heathfield, Ashton-ou-Mersey, in the County of
Chester, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
-
My said invention relates to the weaving of textile fabrics and has for its object
to obtain effects by a single operation hitherto unattainable or only attained
after a series of operations.
My invention consists essentially in inserting within the warp and weft threads
of a fabric and binding in position thereby, a quantity of material such as cotton,
wool or silk which may be in a raw state or only partially manufactured.
By these means I produce a fabric expeditiously and economically at one
operation which previously has been either costly to attain or only been effected
by a series of operations. For instance prior to my invention the fabric woven
for the purposes of being converted into flannellette has required to be woven
with a weft of sufficient thickness and bulk of cotton to allow of its being
raised on the surface by passing through a raising machine, this process being
not only expensive owing to the weft having to be completely spun into a thread,

page_text: fibre when the hooks f descend. This arrangement is shown more clearly in
the sectional view Fig. 5.
The operation is shortly as follows. When the "shed" is open the hooks f
are lowered and come into contact with the material fed forward which is held
by the tooth comb. The hooks f, which are opened downwards, take off a
portion of the material, and pass through the nised warp threads. On the
hooks rising the frictional contact with the warp threads suffices to detach the
material from the hooks leaving the fibre in the open shed and the weft thread
or pick is inserted and beaten up so as to bind firmly the material in the cloth.
I do not confine myself to the arrangement described as the method of operating
the inserting hooks may be varied. For instance instead of imparting a vertical
movement to the inserting hooks they may be vibrated through an arc as shown
in Fig. 7. In this case the cross piece e to which the hooks are secured is
connected to a shaft y. The shaft y is rocked by a lever mounted outside the
frame of the loom, by suitable means operated through any moving part of the
loom.
In the fig. this is effected by means of a rod 1 actuated by a cam or the like
on the tappet shaft of the loom or as shown in the diagram Fig. 8 the rod 1 may
he connected to a lever 2 pivotted at 3 the other end 4 of the lever being
oscillated by a cam or the like on the tappet shaft.
The lap of cotton or other material is mounted in brackets ō secured to the
frame of the loom and the cotton is led beneath a fluted roller 6.
This fluted roller is slowly revolved to feed forward the material by means of
a detent 7 engaging with the teeth of a ratchet wheel 11 secured to the axis of
the roller 6 the detent being actuated by a pivotted lever 8 which is oscillated
by a link 9 secured to the lever . It will be seen that the shaft y being rocked
as described swings the hooks through an are as shown in dotted lines. In
the position shown in dotted lines the sley is beating up but as the shed is opened
the hooks f swing forward detaching a small portion of cotton or other material
and inserting the same as described into the cloth as it is being woven. A
plate 10, which may be serrated at the edge, prevents the yielding of the material
ns the hooks f pass through it to enable the hooks to detach a portion thereof.
In this method the shape of the hooks would be varied from that shown in the
previous figs. and the rod 1 and link 9 may be disconnected when required so
as to enable the hooks to be turned up, to provide access to the shuttle.
The amount of material such as cotton, wool, silk or the like inserted within
the fabric would vary in accordance with the feed and the size of the hooks. In
making flannellette for instance comparatively little raw or semi-manufactured
cotton need be inserted.
In other cases, such as the manufacture of blankets, an increased amount of
material would be required.
My invention is applicable in the weaving of a variety of fabrics. For instance
silk or wool in a raw or partially manufactured state, undved or dyed to any
suitable colour, can be utilized to form a surface and be held securely in position
by the binding warp and weft threads of cotton which threads are buried in the
inserted material.
The fabrics thus produced may be "gassed" or otherwise treated to produce a
variety of surfaces ns will be understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1) In the weaving of textile fabrics, inserting cotton wool, silk or other fibrous
material within the warp and weft threads of a fubric in the manner for the
purposes and substantially as described.
2) As means for inserting fibrous material within the warp and weft threads
of a fabric and binding in position thereby a series of hooks for detaching and

page_text: inserting the fibre, means for reciprocating the books and for feeding forward
thereto a supply of fibre all arranged in the manner and substantially as described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 of the drawings.
3) The modified means for operating the inserting hooks
described and illustrated in Fig. 7 of the drawings.
substantially as
Dated this 8th day of August 1900,
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents,
o, John Dalton Street, Manchester, and 3, Yorkshire Street, Rochdale.