Improvements in Money Tills.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Money Tills.
We, FREDERIC OLDERSHAW JERRAM, Sewing Machine Expert, and ARTHUR ERNEST
JERRAM, Engineer, both of 40 Longley Road, Tooting, in County of Surrey, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the invention is to provide mechanism for delivering change that is
the difference between the amount of any purchase made and the amount paid in.
As is described in our Provisional Specification No. 7412 in the present year the
till is provided with a series of vertical tubular receptacles or coin tubes each
containing a supply of coins piled one above the other-one coin tube for each sort
of coin. At the bottom the piles of coin rest upon the base plate of the machine.
Between the bottom of each coin tube and the base plate are one or more flat
metal slides-these slides are of the same thickness as the coins in the coin tube. A
hole is made through each slide which coincides in diameter with the interior of the
coin tubes under which the slide is situated.
Normally the hole in the slide is below the coin tube and a coin passes into it.
When the slide is pushed forward the coin is carried along in the hole until it
reaches a hole in the base plate-it then falls through this hole into a shoot leading
to any convenient receptacle.
The slides are pushed forward by means of pusher rods and the pusher rods are
actuated by the pulling over of a lever called the change lever. Each time that the
change lever is pulled over only those pusher rods are thrust forward by it which
have to be thrust forward to cause the proper amount of change to be delivered from
the coin tubes.
To control which pusher rods shall be thrust forward by each movement of the
change lever we provide movable plates or segments having holes or slots through
them. When the change lever is pulled over, springs carried by it press the pusher
rods towards the segment. If there is a slot in the segment opposite to the end of
any pusher rod the end of the pusher rod passes into it.
The pusher rods which are thus selected move the corresponding slides and cause
coins to be delivered.
The segments are brought to the positions required by means of dials with which
they are geared these dials being set to show the debit and credit amounts the
difference between which is the value of the change to be delivered.
According to our present invention we provide on the segment actuated say by the
pence, dials a second series of holes admitting the paying of uniformly decreasing
amounts-this second set of perforations is brought into action when the pence debited
are more than the pence credited.
Thus debiting one half penny moves the segment in the reverse direction to that
in which it moves when crediting. This bring the first row of the additional
perforations in line with the pusher rods and allows the rods to discharge the
amount 11d. If one penny is debited the segment moves back two places and
allows the discharge of 11d. and so on. When this segment moves backwards it
.

page_text: actuates parts whose function is to move. a frame carrying the pusher rods that
discharge shillings, this frame swings partly round the shilling segment sufficiently
to bring the pusher rods opposite the next row of holes to those they ordinarily pass
through; so one shilling is taken off the amount credited on the shilling dial.
A similar arrangement is made for shillings and sovereigns, in this case the shilling
segment has the additional perforations and the pound pusher rods the swinging
movement.
1
F. O. JERRAM.
A. E. JERRAM.
Improvements in Money Tills.
We, FREDERIC OLDERSHAW JERRAM, Sewing Machine Expert, and ARTHUR ERNEST
JERRAM, Engineer, both of 40 Longley Road, Tooting, in the County of Surrey, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of the invention is to provide mechanism for delivering change, that is,
the difference between the amount of any purchase made and the amount paid in.
As is described in our Specification No. 7412 of 1896 the till is provided with a
series of vertical tubular receptacles or coin tubes each containing a supply of coins
piled one above the other one or more coin tubes for each sort of coin. At the
bottom the piles of coin rest upon the base plate of the machine.
Between the bottom of each coin tube and the base plate are one or more flat metal
slides-these slides are of the same thickness as the coins in the coin tube. A hole
is made through each slide which coincides in diameter with the interior of the coin
tube under which the slide is situated.
Normally the hole in the slide is below the coin tube and a coin passes into it.
When the slide is pushed forward the coin is carried along in the hole until it reaches
a hole in the base plate, it then falls through this hole into a shoot leading to any
convenient receptacle.
The slides are pushed forward by means of pusher rods and the pusher rods are
actuated by the pulling over of a lever called the change lever. Each time that the
change lever is pulled over only those pusher rods are thrust forward by it which have
to be thrust forward to cause the proper amount of change to be delivered from the
coin tubes.
To control which pusher rods shall be thrust forward by each movement of the
change lever we provide moveable plates or segments having holes or slots through
them. When the change lever is pulled over, springs carried by it press the pusher
rods towards the segment. If there is a slot in the segment opposite to the end of any
pusher rod the end of the pusher rod passes into it.
The pusher rods which are thus selected move the corresponding slides and cause
coins to be delivered.
The segments are brought to the positions required by means of dials with which
they are geared these dials being set to show the debit and credit amounts the
difference between which is the value of the change to be delivered.
According to our present invention we provide on the segment actuated say by the
pence dials a second series of holes admitting the paying of uniformly decreasing
amounts, this second set of perforations is brought into action when the pence
debited are more than the pence credited.

page_text: Thus debiting one half-penny moves the segment in the reverse direction to that
in which it moves when crediting. This brings the first row of the additional
perforations in line with the pusher rods and allows the rods to discharge the
amount 11d. If one penny is debited the segment moves back two places and allows
the discharge of 11d. and so on. When this segment moves backwards it actuates
parts whose function is to move a frame carrying the pusher rods that discharge
shillings, this frame swings partly round the shilling segment sufficiently to bring the
pusher rods opposite the next row of holes to those they ordinarily pass through; so
one shilling is taken off the amount credited on the shilling dial.
A similar arrangement is made for shillings and sovereigns, in this case the shilling
segment has the additional perforations and the pound pusher rods the swinging
movement.
In order that our present invention may be fully understood it will be necessary to
repeat much of the description of the machine previously patented by us No. 7412 in
the year 1896.
In the drawings annexed-
Figure 1 is a plan of the apparatus with the cover, on which are the coin tubes, and
some other parts, removed. Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2, Figure 1. Figure 3
is a front elevation. Figure 4 is a sectional plan. Figures 5 and 6 are vertical
sections on the lines 5-5 and 6-6, Figure 4. Figures 7 and 8 shewing develop-
ments of the controlling segments. Figure 9 is a longitudinal section to a small scale
shewing the general arrangement of the apparatus in its case when set up for use.
Figure 10 is a plan of the cover plate with the coin tubes upon it, and Figure 11
is a view shewing the way in which the rocking frame 33 is actuated.
Figures 1, 2, 3, 10 and 11 are to half the scale of Figures 4 to 8.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 are the coin tubes--the tube 1 is charged with half sovereigns,
2 with shillings, 3 with florins, 4 with half crowns, 5 with sixpences, 6 with half-
pence and 7 with rence. As will be seen the tubes are arranged in two rows and
beneath them are two sets of slides 8, 8, 8. 8x, 8x, are holes in these slides into
which the coins are received, the lowest coin of each pile resting on a stationary
bottom or support. Immediately beyond the hole in each case there is an aperture 9
through which by the action of the slides the coins are caused to be delivered.
Beneath the bottom of the coin tube 1 a single slide operates, beneath each of the
tubes 2, 3 and 4 two slides operate, beneath each of the tubes 5 and 6 one slide
operates, while beneath the tube 7 there are five slides.
In each case the number of slides beneath a tube corresponds with the number of
coins of the same denomination which may be required to be delivered simultaneously.
The thickness of the slides corresponds to that of the coins upon which they are to
operate and there are thin distance pieces between the slides so that the slides may
not rub the one on the other. The edges of the holes 8x are bevelled to compensate
for the varying thickness of the coins due to wear.
10, 10, are pusher rods, one for each slide. When the pasher rod belonging to
any slide is pushed forward it comes in contact with a projection 8° upon the slide
and thrusts the slide forward carrying the coin which lies in the hole 8* from beneath
the coin tube and discharging it into the delivery passage 9. If there be more than
one slide beneath the coin tube and but one coin of this denomination be required
to be delivered, it is always the lowest slide which is caused to operate.
Like the coin tubes the pusher rods are divided into two sets, the lower set being
for coins less than one shilling, and the upper set for coins of higher value. The rods.
of both sets slide in suitable guides; the upper set have collars 10° upon them and
are received between horns upon slides which work upon the extra guides 10x which
are not needed for the lower set. 11 is a hand lever whichr we denominate the change
lever, it has a driving bar 12 upon it which when the lever is operated engages with
projections 13 on the under sides of the pusher rods. Those pushers however which
are in their rearmost position are missed by the driving bar which only catches such
of them as have already been started a short distance forward by the operation of the
spring 14 with which each pusher rod is provided.

page_text: The driving bar carries such of the slides as it engages to the full extent of their
movement and the slides or either of them carry forward with them the withdrawing
rod 15. In the return movement of the change lever the driving bar acts on a
projection beneath the withdrawing rod and draws it rearwards and with it such of
the slides as may have been previously advanced. It draws all the slides sufficiently
far to compress the springs 14. The change lever is returned to its normal position
by a spring or otherwise.
16 and 17 are the two perforated segments which permit the forward movement of
the pusher rods; they are shown separately by Figures 7 and 8. The segment 16 is
that for coins of the higher denomination whilst 17 is the segment for coins of the
lower denomination, and this latter is double the length of the former for a reason
which will be presently explained. In the segment 16 there are as will be seen seven
rows of holes: counting from right to left the first row of holes when either one of
the holes is opposite to the corresponding pusher rod permits this rod to go forward
and a half sovereign to be delivered. The second row of holes corresponds with the
pusher rod which causes the delivery of one shilling, the third row of holes is for the
second shilling, the fourth row for the first florin, the fifth for the second florin,
the sixth for the first half crown and the seventh for the second half crown. It will
be seen that reckoning from the zero line at one end of the segment, step by step
towards the other extremity thereof that the holes are arranged in order for the
delivery of one shilling, two shillings and so on up to nine shillings. Next in order
comes the half sovereign, and then the shilling series recommences the delivery being
accompanied by a half sovereign in each case. So the value of any number of
shillings from one to twenty can be made up and this is the highest sum that
this particular machine is arranged to deliver; but it is obvious that additional half
sovereign and sovereign slides may be provided if desired.
In the segment shown by Figure 8 the holes in the right hand row are for the
delivery of halfpennies, the holes in the five succeeding rows are for the delivery of
pence and the slots in the seventh row are for the delivery of sixpences. The last
inentioned segment is carried by an arm 18 which is fast upon an axis 19 which
extends across the machine and has at its further end an arm 20 fast upon it. The
arm 20 carries a pinion 21 which engages with two bevel wheels 22, 23 which turn
loosely upon the same axis; fixed to the bevel wheel 23 is a handle 24 by which it
can be turned and the other bevel wheel 22 can be similarly turned by a handle 25
which is fast on the sleeve on which the wheel is carried so when either handle is
raised the segment 17 is also raised. Ratchets 26 and pawls 27 are provided by which
the levers are retained in the position to which they are set until by means of a
handle 28 the pawls are released. In a similar manner the segment 16 is carried by
a hollow axis concentric with the axis 19 and having fast upon it an arm 29 armed
with a bevel pinion engaging with two other loose wheels; and there are handles 30
and 31 corresponding with those wheels and also ratchets and retaining pawls as in
the former case. The handle 31 may be termed the credit handle for coins of the
higher denomination and the handle 30 the corresponding debit handle, the handle 24
the credit handle for pence and the handle 25 the debit handle for the same.
The zero position for the credit handles is raised as they are seen in Figure 3 while
the zero position for the debit handles is depressed as seen in the same figure.
Each handle has fixed upon it a graduated are 32 on which is marked in plain
figures readily seen by the payee, the amount which corresponds to each position of
the lever. Thus if a shilling article has been purchased and a florin has been given
in payment the customer should see the handle 31 so placed that the 2/- mark is
opposite to a pointer and the handle 30 so placed that the 1/- mark is opposite a
pointer. These figures will preferably appear through an aperture in the case. Then,
on the change lever being operated, the correct change, namely, one shilling,
will be delivered, the segment being in the 1/- position.
In a similar way if an article is purchased for 3d. and 6d. is given, by the appro-
priate movement of the pence debit and credit handles, the segment 17 will assume

page_text: the position for the delivery of three pence and on the movement of the change
lever three pence will be delivered.
There is another case however, to be considered-say the article purchased costs
10d. and 1/- is given in payment. The credit handle 31 is set to indicate the
shilling whilst no use is made of the debit handle 30 of the larger denomination but
the debit handle 25 of the lower denomination is set to 10d., which movement
as it should do places the segment 17 in position for the delivery of two pence but
the other segment 16 is in position to deliver 1/- whereas no silver should be
delivered.
The way in which this difficulty is met is especially that which we desire now to
patent. The guides for the pusher rods 10 which operate the slides for the higher
denominations are not stationary but as represented in the drawings (Figures 3, 5, 6
and 11) are mounted in a frame 33 which can turn about the axis 19 and normally is
held up by a spring 34 to a stop and this frame 33 can be thrust downwards from its
normal position so that the pusher rods which it carries instead of entering the row of
holes which they would enter in the normal position of the frame 33 take the row of
boles immediately beneath with the result that the amount of change delivered is
lessened by one shilling.
The downward movement is given to the rocking frame 33 by means of an arm 35
upon the axis 36 on which is also another arm 37 fast with the first which bears
upon a cam surface 37* see Figure 11 upon the arm 18 which carries the segment 17.
This cam surface is so formed that when the portion of the segment 17 which is
below the zero line comes in front of the pusher rods it causes the axis 36 and the
levers 37 and 35 to rock and a pin 38 carried by the lever 35 pressing upon the rear
part of the frame 33 depresses it and so prevents the delivery of the surplus shilling.
As before mentioned the handles are retained in position until the transaction is
complete by pawls 27.
28 is the handle which is moved to liberate the pawls; it is upon an axis 39 which
carries projections 40 which when the axis is moved press upon the tails of the
pawls 27 and lift them out of gear. The handles are then returned to their zero
position by counterpoises or springs. In connection with each ratchet wheel is a
flange 41 on which type are formed or mounted and these type are inked in any well
known manner.
To facilitate the emptying of the money tubes when the apparatus is no longer
required for use, the supports 50 (see Figure 2) which close these tubes at their
lower ends are all mounted together upon a slide which when the locking pin 51 is
withdrawn can be moved endwise. The tubes are thereby rendered bottomless and
their contents fall down into a receptacle or receptacles beneath.
The apparatus has been described as arranged for the present English coinage but
it may readily be adapted to any other coinage.
In the use of the apparatus all that the cashier has to do is first to set the credit
and debit handles and then to move the change lever to and fro.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. The arrangement substantially as described by which the position of the
segment 17 is made to control the parts operating in connection with the segment 16.
2. The arrangement substantially as described whereby the pence segment 17 when
it is in a position to deliver more pence than are credited alters the relative positions
of the shillings segment 16 and its pusher rods 10 so as to reduce by one the number
of shillings which these parts deliver.
3. The combination of parts consisting of two controlling segments, means for
setting the controlling segments to any required position, pusher rods and slides and
coin tubes over the slides, also means for moving such of the pusher rods and slides
as are selected by the controlling segments and means by which the position of one

page_text: controlling segment controls the position of pusher rods relatively to the other
controlling segment in such manner as to influence the selection.
Dated this 19th day of May 1807
F. O. JERRAM.
ARTHUR E. JERRAM.