Improvements in Bottles, Jars, and similar Vessels.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 7th Nov., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bottles, Jars, and similar Vessels.
I, FRANCIS MARIE ROULAND, of 8 Rue St. Paul, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Professor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention for improvements in bottles, jars and similar vessels has for its
object to provide a bottle or the like of glass, stoneware or earthenware metal or
other suitable material which having once been emptied of its contents cannot be
refilled and is therefore adapted for the reception of special brands of spirits,
alcohols, valuable essences, liqueurs and other liquids that are liable to be tampered
with.
In the accompanying sheets of illustrative drawings
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a bottle constructed according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the body of the bottle.
Figs. 3 and 4 are horizontal sections of the neck of the bottle on X-X
and X-Y respectively.
Fig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is a plan on X'-Y'.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the neck, of a corked or stoppered bottle.
Fig. 6 is an elevation of the stopper.
Fig. 7, is a plan of the top of the bottle showing an internal diaphragm.
Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the neck of a bottle of modified coustruction.
Figs. 9 and 10 are a vertical section and plan respectively of the neck of a bottle
showing a modification of Fig. 8.
Fige. 11 and 11 are a front and side elevation respectively of the upper part of
a bottle constructed according to this invention.
Fige. 12 and 12 are vertical sections through the neck of a bottle of modified
construction.
Fig. 13 is a horizontal section through B' B Fig. 12.
Figs. 14 and 15 are plans of the upper and lower diaphragins respectively
inserted in the bottle neck Fig. 12.
Fig. 16 is an elevation of a cylindrical float.
Fig. 17 is a vertical section of the bottle.
The small outlet passage has its area gradually decreased towards its upper
part so that it has a small outlet and extends from the mouth of the bottle nearly
to the bottom of the bottle and is formed in the iuterior of the bottle so that there
are no external projections. The horizontal section of this passage is seen at I
(Fig. 2) in its largest part. Fig. 3, 4 and 5 show the section of this passage at the
different heights X Y, X' Y', X' Y'. The terminal opening is shown in horizontal
and vertical section in the Figures 1 and 5.
Figure 1 also shows, in the same vertical plane, another passage diametrically
opposite to the passage 1. This passage is the same size throughout its whole
length and is alightly smaller than the passage 1.
The air enters freely through this passage and to the interior of the receptacle to
allow of the contents being emptied.
The bottle is provided with a false bottom p which is cut away at m for the
passage of the liquid, even to the last drop, to the outlet passage 1. The chamber
between the bottoms connects the two lateral passages and .

page_text: The narrow passage opens at its upper extremity
formed by two diaphragmns D D' shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
is solid and the two lateral passages I pass through it.
passes through the upper diaphragm.
into an air chamber A
The lower diaphragm D
The outlot passage also
The diaphragms may be made integral with the container during the
manufacture or they may be movable diaphragms of glass fixed and sealed in the
empty neck after the filling of the flask.
The two methods of forming the diaphragms enclosing the air chamber entail
two different methods of effecting the filling of the bottle.
When the diaphragmns are integral with the bottle the upper diaphragm D' is
provided with air inlets of any desired shape Figs. 4. 4 and 7 but of a capillary
size so that air can enter freely into the chamber without it being possible for any
liquid to pass into the bottle from the outside.
A space is left in the neck of the bottle above the upper diaphragm of the air
chamber for receiving any kind of stopper for example a cork stopper.
Fig. 6 shows the neck of a full bottle corked under these conditions.
On to the stopper cut level with the neck B is applied and fixed a flat disc of
cork closing the outlet orifice of the passage 1.
The stopper may also if desired be cut from one piece into a shape suitable for
closing this orifice Fig. 6b.
When the diaphragms are fixed after the bottle is filled the upper diaphragm D¹
of the air chamber Fig. 8 is fixed at the top of the bottle and is closed by a diso E
Fig. 8 of cork, glass, or of any other suitable material cemented or otherwise fixed
on the disc, the exterior capsuling of the top aud the neck also help to keep it in
position.
In the modification shown in Figs. 9 and 10 the top diaphragm F is not
perforated but air inlets are arranged in the side of the neck at G. This
diaphragm F completely closes the neck with the exception of the outlet of the
passage which is closed as described with reference to Fig. 8 or by the capsuling
of the bottle alone on account of the small section of the outlet as compared with
the total section of the neck.
The lateral inlet G Fig. 9 is closed by the capsuling of the neck and opened
when required by the destruction of the said capsule.
When the diaphragms are integral with the bottle, the bottle is filled in the
first instance through a special opening H Figs. 11 and 11 which is formed
with its edges slightly projecting from the external surface of the body of the
bottle.
When the initial filling is effected up to the line T T a simple cork stopper
is introduced into the opening and cut level with the edges and the whole is sealed
with sealing wax, or any other substance suitable for this purpose. These seals
are provided with the trade mark or mark of origin.
If it is desired to make use of the sealed opening H for a second filling
the original seals would have to be destroyed and replaced by imitations easily
recognised.
The liquid is poured out through the passage without unsealing the opening H.
When the diaphragms are fixed after filling the bottle for example as in the
arrangement shown in Figs. 12. 12, 13, 14 and 15 the neck of the bottle above
the level V V is made cylindrical.
Solid additions or projections e e' forming part of the bottle act as supports to a
movable diaphragm Df of wood, glass, aluminium or any other substance. The
diaphragm (Fig. 15) has two indentations fitting round the interior projections of
the two passages and . It is provided on its periphery with a rubber fillet C
which fits the cylindrical part of the neck and fits tightly against the projection of
the passages and /.
I
At the upper level of the solid projections e el are two enlargements B'
(Figs. 12 and 13) extending only over a portion of the horizontal section
of the neck, as shown by Fig. 13. Above these enlargements is a cylindrical

page_text: part a (g. 12) forming the air chamber into which the tube
suitable level.
opens at a
At the upper part of the air chamber (Fig. 12) at a short distance from the
open edge, the neck is slightly enlarged forming a kind of cup S, the hottom
of which is designed to receive a disc or diaphragm F (Figs. 12 and 14)
analogous to the first, except that it bas only the indentation corresponding to the
channel, the channel not extending to this level in the neck.
"The bottle being filled up to the level V VI (Fig. 12) through the open part
of the neck, the diaphragm D" is then inserted into the neck and forced down
to the supports e e¹.
A fusible substance of some kind is then poured from above up to a suitable
height, the substance used being such as will make a seal firmly fixing the
diaphragm in position.
The interior of the enlargements being filled with this fusible substance assist
considerably in the fixing operation. The diaphragm D" sealed as just described
forms the base of tho air chamber.
The disc F is then placed at the bottom of the terminal cup of the neck
(Fig. 12) and the fusible substance on which the seals, trade mark, mark of
origin, label or the like is placed, is then poured on up to the top edge. The outlet
passage must of course extend up to the top of the seal; its orifice always
remaining open. It is then closed by a capsule or the like.
The air chamber is thus built up which however does not in any way destroy
its efficacy.
It will be obvious that in this case the air inlet must be formed at the side
according to an arrangement already described (Fig. 9).
When emptying, the bottle is held so that the passage is underneath, the
passage therefore being uppermost.
The liquid flows through the terminal orifice of the passage whilst in entering
the chamber through the slots or holes above mentioned passes through the
passage which at first partially empties itself into the chamber.
The capacity of the chamber should therefore be such that the liquid from the
passage only occupies in it a fairly small space in ordor not to disturb the entry
of the air.
The liquid afterwards falls of itself into the passage when the bottle is
replaced in its normal position.
The air passes from the tube into the open space a (Fig. 1) spreads through
the space m m (Fig. 2). and finally enters into the container aud allows a constant
flow to take place.
The bottle being emptied, it cannot be re-filled through the terminal orifice of
the passage.
Fig. 17 will show the condition of the bottle after an attempt at fraudently
re-filling it.
The bottle is placed in its normal position, the neck upwards. The figure.
shows a funnol full of liquid, the very fine point of which is inserted in the outlet
orifice.
The liquid falls drop by drop into the passage l.
When the trial has proceeded long enough to allow the liquid to fill the space a
Fig. 17 and to rise up to the lovel X° Yo the air which fills the whole of the empty
space in the bottle resists compression and the liquid is compelled to rapidly rise
in the passage and into the air chamber, which it hermetically closes as it
fills it.
By reason of the enormous difference between the sections of the body of the
bottle and the passage 1, the liquid can only rise at K K' inside the bottle to an
extremely small height h.
An identical result is obtained by giving the bottle any other position during
the attempt to re-fill it.
In case re-filling is attempted by first exhausting the air from the bottle and

page_text: afterwards immersing the bottle in the liqnid to be bottled, the liquid would enter
everywhere, and into the air chamber, which it would close, thus rendering
subsequent outflow impossible.
To prevent partial re-filling; when the initial filling is complete, and before
sealing the flask a small cylindrical float 3 or 4 centimètres long by centimètre
wide (Fig. 16) is introduced through the open neck or the tube.
Into this float of thin glass coloured or not of suitable resistance, a poisonous or
non poisonons liquid very volatile at ordinary temperatures is introduced and it is
then closed by a lamp.
The float is loaded to keep it upright in the liquid, and almost completely
immersed.
Its presence does not in any way interfere with the normal emptying of the
liquid.
It descends gradually carried by the liquid in proportion as the level descends
and is of course left at the bottom when the liquid is finished.
If it is then sought to exlinust the apparatus the float explodes in the first few
moments and makes the bottle unfit for any subsequent use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is:-
1. In non-refillable bottles and the like two lateral passages of suitable
limensions in the interior of the container and forming part with its surface and
lesigned one for the outflow of the liquid and the other for the inlet of air.
2. In non-re-fillable bottles and the like a raised bottom forming part with the
interior surface of the container, and creating in conjunction with the true bottom
free space connecting the two lateral passages and having in front a part cut
away giving the liquid continual access into the outflow channel.
3. In non-re-fillable bottles and the like an air chamber into which opens the
lateral air inlet passage confined below and above by two diaphragms formed
during manufacture or inserted afterwards, the lower one solid, and the other one,
in which is the air inlet, with or without a free space for the insertion of an
ordinary movable stopper.
4. Iu non-re-fillable bottles and the like an air inlet consisting of a system of
capillary holes or slots situated in the upper part of the chamber or in the side of
the neck.
5. In non-re-fillable bottles and the like a lateral inlet serving for the initial
filling and intended to receive a fixed protecting seal bearing marks of
authenticity, and which there is no need to destroy in order to obtain the outflow
of the liquid.
6. In non-re-fillable bottles and the like a closed float loaded vertically
containing a liquid extremely volatile in ordinary temperatures, poisonous or non
poisonous and the vapour of which bursts the surfaces containing it as soon as it is
sought to exhaust the container.
7. The improvements in bottles, jars and similar vessels substantially a
described with reference to the drawings.
L001 day of dust 1808
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, Loudon, W.C., Agents.