IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, ALSO AIR AND GASES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Frederick Brinjes, of the Animal Charcoal Works,
65, Back Church Lane, Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING,
AND EXHAUSTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS, ALSO AIR AND GASES."
Sealed the 21st July 1876, and dated the 25th January 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Frederick Brinjes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th January 1876.
JOHN FREDERICK BRINJES, of the Animal Charcoal Works, 65, Back Church
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
Lane, Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer.
APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS,
ALSO AIR AND GASES."
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of apparatus
for the raising and forcing of liquids, and for exhausting and compressing or forcing
air and gases, and consists in the combined use of a cylinder acting as a piston or
plunger working eccentrically within an outer fixed cylindrical casing of any desired
length and diameter and between two end covers, and having a gyratory in lieu of a
rolling motion therein, as heretofore, with a radial web or partition rigidly secured
longitudinally to the outside of the said gyratory cylinder or piston, and working
fluid-tight within a radially disposed chamber, which is formed on and extends the
entire length of the outer cylindrical casing, the inlet and outlet orifices being
situate on opposite sides of the said chamber.
The gyratory motion is imparted to the said inner cylinder or piston by one or
more cranks or eccentrics carried on a revolving shaft concentrically disposed within
the outer fixed cylinder, and working in bearings in the end covers, and as the
before-mentioned web or partition is rigidly secured to the inner cylinder or piston,
and is also controlled by the chamber on the outer cylindrical casing, within which
it works to and fro, it is obvious that although the inner cylinder or piston will be
caused to follow a circular course round the inside of the outer cylindrical casing, it
cannot rotate on its own axis or roll over the interior of the said outer cylinder, its
motion being in fact precisely analogous to that of an ordinary eccentric strap
and rod.
The motion of the gyratory cylinder or piston will of course depend on the
length or amount of eccentricity of the actuating cranks or eccentrics, and the

page_text: difference between the diameter of the inner cylinder or piston and the outer fixed
casing.
The inner or gyratory cylinder or piston may be set up as occasion requires
through wear to ensure its working fluid-tight against the interior of the outer
cylinder by a tapered antifriction roller or wedge-shaped rubbing piece interposed
between the interior of the gyratory cylinder or piston and the crank pins or
eccentrics; the said roller or rubbing piece being forced inwards from one side
causes the gyratory cylinder or piston to fit tighter against the interior surface of
the outer casing.
In lieu of the said roller or rubbing piece the interior of the gyratory cylinder
or piston may be provided with an india-rubber cylinder having a metal collar or
ring in its interior for the actuating cranks or eccentrics to work against, or spiral
or other springs may be substituted for the said india-rubber cylinder. The end
covers of the outer casing are accurately ground on their inner faces, the cor-
responding ends of the gyratory cylinder or piston and web or partition piece being
also ground.
In order to admit of end adjustment to maintain a fluid-tight junction between
the ends of the gyratory cylinder or piston and the end covers a ring of india-rubber
or other elastic material is interposed in recesses or otherwise between one or both
of the said covers and the ends of the outer casing to allow of their being tightened
up by adjusting screws provided for that purpose.
In some cases,
if found desirable, the outer edge of the before-mentioned web or
partition may be provided with a cup leather or other packing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said John Frederick Brinjes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th July
1870.
JOHN FREDERICK BRINJES, of the Animal Charcoal Works, 65, Back Church
Lane, Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND EXHAUSTING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS,
ALSO AIR AND GASES."
My said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of apparatus
for raising and forcing liquids and for exhausting and compressing or forcing air
and gases in a continuous manner, and consists in the combined use of a cylinder
acting as a piston or plunger working eccentrically within an outer fixed cylindrical
casing of any desired length and diameter and between two end covers, and having a
gyratory in lieu of a rolling motion therein, as heretofore, with a radial web or
partition rigidly secured lougitudinally to the outside of the said gyratory cylinder
or piston, or cast thereon and working fluid-tight within a radially disposed
chamber, which is formed on and extends the entire length of the outer cylindrical
casing, the inlet and outlet orifices being separated by the before-mentioned radial
web or partition.
The gyratory motion is imparted to the said inner cylinder or piston by one or
more cranks or eccentrics working in the interior of the gyratory piston, and formed
or carried on a revolving shaft concentrically disposed within the outer fixed
cylinder, and working in bearings in the end covers, and as the before-mentioned
radial web or partition is rigidly secured to the inner cylinder or piston, and is also
controlled by the chamber on the outer cylindrical casing, within which it works to
and fro, it is obvious that although the inner cylinder or piston will be caused to
follow a circular course round the inside of the outer cylindrical casing it cannot
rotate on its own axis or roll over the interior of the said outer casing, the nature
of the motion of the cylinder or piston and its radial web being in fact precisely
analogous to that of an ordinary eccentric strap and rod.
The amount of motion of the gyratory cylinder or piston will of course depend

page_text: on the length or amount of eccentricity of the actuating cranks or eccentrics and
the difference between the diameters of the inner cylinder or piston and the outer
fixed casing.
The inner or gyratory cylinder or piston may be set up as occasion requires
through wear to insure its working fluid-tight against the interior of the outer
cylinder by various mechanical contrivances, such for example as an adjustable
eccentric boss on the main shaft for the actuating eccentric of the gyratory cylinder
or piston to work upon, or a tapered antifriction roller or wedge-shaped rubbing
piece interposed between the interior of the gyratory cylinder or piston and the
crank pins or eccentrics, the said roller or rubbing piece being forced inwards from
one side, causing the gyratory cylinder or piston to fit tighter against the interior
surface of the outer casing.
In lieu of the said roller or rubbing piece the interior of the gyratory cylinder or
piston may be provided with an india-rubber cylinder having a metal collar or ring
in its interior for the actuating eccentrics to work against, or spiral or other springs
may be substituted for the said india-rubber cylinder. The end covers of the outer
casing may be accurately ground on their inner faces, the corresponding ends of the
gyratory cylinder or piston and radial web or partition being also ground.
In order to admit of end adjustment to maintain a fluid-tight junction between
the ends of the gyratory cylinder or piston and the end covers a ring of leather,
india-rubber, or other elastic material may be inserted in an annular recess in each
end of the gyratory cylinder or piston.
If found desirable the outer edge of the before-mentioned radial web or partition
may be provided with a cup leather or other suitable packing.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the same letters
of reference indicating corresponding parts in both the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a transverse vertical section taken along the
centre of my improved pump; and Figure 2 is a corresponding plan and partial
horizontal section of the same.
A is the outer fixed cylindrical casing, provided with end covers B, B, bolted at
a, a, to flanges cast on the cylinder; C is a radially disposed chamber, which may
be made in one casting or otherwise with the cylindrical casing A, and may be
closed at the ends by the same end covers B, B, as shown in my Drawings. Con-
centrically within the cylindrical casing A there is fitted to revolve freely in
bearings in the end covers the shaft D, which is driven either by hand or by
power, as is well understood. Upon this shaft and within the cylindrical casing I
secure the crank disc E, which carries a crank pin c passing through a short radial
slot in the eccentric F; this eccentric revolves with the shaft D, and fits accurately
the interior of the gyratory cylinder or piston G, which may be made with an inner
projecting rubbing piece e, as shown, for the actuating eccentric F to revolve in.
If desired antifriction rollers may be interposed between the rubbing surfaces of
the actuating eccentric or eccentrics and the interior of the gyratory cylinder in
order to reduce the friction. The outer surface of the gyratory cylinder or piston G
and the inner surface of the fixed cylindrical casing A may or may not be accurately
fitted, as the pump will give good results even though the gyratory piston be not in
actual contact with the interior of the fixed cylindrical casing.
Should it be found desirable to adopt a means for setting up the piston to com-
pensate for wear this may be readily accomplished by mounting the actuating
eccentric F upon an eccentric boss mounted directly upon the shaft D, the said
boss being formed with a projecting flat sided head for the purpose of enabling it
to be turned more or less upon the shaft, thereby setting the gyratory cylinder or
piston closer to the inner surface of the casing A. The slot d in the eccentric F is
to allow of such adjustment, and when the adjustment is made the nut on the end
of the crank pin c is to be tightened up. The end packing between the cover
plates B, B, and the ends of the gyratory cylinder or piston G is made by intro-

page_text: ducing a packing ring h of leather or other suitable material into an annular groovo
cut in each end of the piston to receive it. H is the radial web or partition shown
in my Drawings for the sake of clearness as cast in one with the gyratory
cylinder or piston, but in practice when it is found desirable to turn up or finish the
outer surface of the said piston I prefer to make the web H separate, and to secure
the same by a dovetailed joint or otherwise to the surface of the gyratory piston.
The outer end of the web H is made to fit easily between the upper and under sides
of the chamber C, and if desired a straight packing of leather or other suitable
materiali, on the principle of a cup leather, may be fitted on to the end of the web,
as shown in my Drawings. The end of the web on the inlet side I of the chamber C
should extend across the said chamber, but on the outlet side K the end of the web
may be left open, as shown, being simply provided with rubbing pieces k, k, at each
side to reduce the friction.
In order to facilitate the lubrication of the actuating eccentric F and rubbing
surface of the gyratory piston I chamber out the side of the said eccentric so as to
form an oil cup or receiver, as shown at l, small lubricating apertures being made
round the eccentric to afford access of the oil to the rubbing surface e. The oil
may be introduced into the chamber by the tube m, which passes through one of
the end covers, and extends to the lip or edge of the oil chamber. If found desirablo
à foot valve may be fitted to the inlet orifice I, but in most cases this will not be
found necessary..
It will be obvious on referring to the Drawings that on rotating the shaft D the
eccentric F by its revolution inside the cylinder or piston G will impart a gyratory
motion thereto inside the outer casing, causing the liquid air or gas to be drawn
in through the inlet orifice I, and expelled through the outlet orifice K, as shown
by the arrows.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that I lay no claim separately to the use of a
gyratory piston and radial web, but what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent, is,―
First. The combination of a gyratory piston and radial web or partition with a
fixed cylindrical casing and radially disposed chamber when arranged to operate
together, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described
and illustrated by my Drawings.
Second. The application and use of one or more adjustable actuating eccentrics or
their equivalents working inside a cylindrical piston, to which a radial web or
partition is attached, so as to impart a gyratory and reciprocating motion thereto
within a fixed cylindrical casing and radially disposed chamber, substantially as aud
for the purposes herein-before described and illustrated by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Frederick Brinjes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
JOHN FREDERICK BRINJES. (L.S.)