IMPROVEMENTS IN DOMESTIC FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DOMESTIC FIRE-PLACES OR STOVES." A communication from abroad by
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1882.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOMESTIC FIRE PLACES OR STOVES."
A communication from abroad by Michel Perrot of Paris in the Republic of
France.
This Invention relates to improvements in domestic fire places or stoves for
burning anthracite coal and other fuel of the same description which require a very
elevated temperature in order to ensure their proper combustion. The said
Invention consists in reducing the capacity of the fire place in a vertical direction
by the employment of a loose slab or cover arranged in close proximity to the fuel
and contracting the section of the passage for the escape of the gas in the chimney
to the form of a narrow slit in the fore part of the fireplace as hereinafter
described..
In carrying out this Invention the improved stove or fireplace is constructed
with a grate of any convenient form for containing the fuel and a thick slab or
cover of fire proof material is arranged above the grate in such a position that
the under side of the said slab is in close proximity to the upper part of
the fuel.
The upper part of the front of the fire place is closed by a screen or mantle
descending to a point opposite the front edge of the slab or cover which is of such
a width as to leave a narrow opening between it and the lower part of the mantle
for the escape of the products of combustion to the chimney. The back and sides
of the fire place are entirely closed so as to assist in concentrating the heat in order
to obtain the requisite elevated temperature in the grate.

page_text: The fuel is placed in the grate and piled up so as to nearly fill the whole of the
space between the grate and the slab or cover.
During the process of combustion the heat is radiated freely through the front
of the grate and through that part of the front of the fire place which is not closed
by the mantle whilst at the same time the peculiar position of the narrow opening
hereinbefore described for the escape of the products of combustion combined with
the presence of the slab or cover provide the requisite conditions for the proper
combustion of anthracite coal and other fuel of the same description.
The slab or cover is capable of being turned back or entirely removed when it is
necessary to sweep the chimney and also enables the opening for the escape of the
products of combustion to be adjusted as required. It is obvious that fire places
constructed with the improvements hereinbefore described may also be employed
for burning any ordinary fuel as well as anthracite and the like.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
6th July 1882.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOMESTIC FIREPLACES OR STOVES."
A communication from abroad by Michel Perret of Paris in the Republic of
France.
This Invention relates to improvements in domestic fireplaces or stoves for
burning anthracite coal and other fuel of the same description which require a very
elevated temperature in order to ensure their proper combustion. The said
Invention consists in reducing the capacity of the fireplace in a vertical direction
by the employment of a loose slab or cover arranged in close proximity to the fucl
and contracting the section of the passage for the escape of the gas in the chimney
to the form of a narrow slit in the fore part of the fireplace as hereinafter
described.
This slab or cover offers no impediment to the operation of sweeping the chimney
as it simply requires to be lifted off or thrown back in order to lay open the lower
end of the chimney to its full width.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 is a front elevation. Figure 2 a transverse section and Figure 3 a
horizontal section of a stove or fireplace constructed according to this Invention.
This improved stove or fireplace is constructed with a solid back A of fire proof
material and is provided with a grate B of any convenient form for containing the
fuel. A thick slab or cover E of fire proof material is arranged at a short distance
above the grate B in such a position that the under side of the said slab is in close
proximity to the upper part of the fuel.
The upper part of the front of the fire place is closed by a screen or mantle F
(removed from Figure 1) descending to or about the level of the front edge of the
said slab or cover which is of such a width as to leave a narrow opening G between
it and the lower part of the mantle for the escape of the products of combustion to
the chimney. The back A and sides C and D of the fireplace are entirely closed so
as to assist in concentrating the heat in order to obtain the requisite elevated
temperature in the grate or combustion chamber.
The fuel is placed in the grate B and piled up so as to nearly fill the whole of
the space between the said grate and the slab or cover E. During the process of
combustion the heat is radiated freely through the front bars of the grate and
through the opening H at the front of the fireplace below the mantle F whilst at
the same time the forward position of the narrow opening G combined with the
presence of the slab or cover E provide the requisite conditions for the proper
combustion of authracite coal and other fuel of the same description.
The slab or cover E is capable of being turned back or entirely removed when
it is necessary to sweep the chimney and also enables the size of the opening G
for the escape of the products of combustion to be adjusted as required. It is
obvious that fireplaces constructed with the improvements herein before described
may also be employed for burning any ordinary fuel as well as anthracite and the
like.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into

page_text: effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part
recited Letters Patent is :-
First. The improvements in domestic fireplaces or stoves consisting in contracting
the capacity of the combustion chamber in a vertical direction by the employment
of a loose slab or cover arranged and operating to prevent the rapid escape of heat
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
Second. The improvements in domestic fire places or stoves consisting in con-
tracting the capacity of the combustion chamber in a vertical direction by the
employment of a loose slab or cover arranged as described between the forward
edge of which and the mantle of the grate is an opening above the forward part of
the fire for the escape of the products of combustion substantially as and for the
purposes described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whercof I the said John Henry Johnson have to this my
Specification set my hand and scal this Sixth day of July One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.