A New or Improved Wind Motor or Mill.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 11th Aug., 1900
A New or Improved Wind Motor or Mill.
I, RUDOLF PERZINA, Proprietor of the Dyeing and Carbonizing Works, 108,
Vaelserstrasse, Aix-la-Chapelle, in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is a new or improved wind motor having a hori-
zontal axis and a casing or sheath protecting a portion of the machinery
from the action of the wind, and the peculiar construction of which is such that
the wheel shaft is carried in such casing; the latter being so arranged as to
turn about an ideal or imaginary vertical axis-according to the direction of the
wind together with the wind wheel and by the aid of a wind vane mounted on
the said casing. The result of such an arrangement is that on the one hand
the driving shaft cannot be subjected to any one sided or torsional strain in
consequence of the wind pressure being applied on to any particular side thereof
and thus the same can only be subjected to a bending strain, while on the other
hand the peculiar arrangement of the casing prevents the wind wheel from being
so much exposed to the influence of climatic changes as it otherwise would be.
In Figs. 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings are shown two different con-
structions or methods of carrying the invention into practice; that shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 being arranged in the following manner, that is to say:-The motor
consists of a vane wheel arranged horizontally, the vanes of which are placed
radially to the driving shaft a and consist of canvas b stretched between two
tubular stays or ribs c, or these vanes may consist of any other material; and
in order to strengthen these tubular ribs which are inserted in the hub at one
end, they are connected together by tie rods e and transverse rods f.
One half of the wind or vane wheel (the lower half as shown in the drawings)
is protected from the action of the wind blowing in the direction indicated by
the arrow by a casing or sheath so that only the upper half of the vane
or wind wheel b protrudes out of this casing and is accordingly acted upon
by the wind.
f
In order that the wind wheel with the casing g may be turned so that the
wheel may catch the wind a vane h secured to this casing is made use of. The
turning movement of the casing or sheath may be facilitated in various ways,
such as shown for instance in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, wherein a few
rollers k carried from the sheath by means of suitable brackets run upon
a circular disc or track about an imaginary vertical and central axis.
To control the motor to such an extent that notwithstanding variations or
fluctuations in the speed of the wind the number of revolutions accomplished
shall not be too variable on the one hand and in order to stop the motor on the
other hand, the outer surface of the casing can be readily altered relatively
to the vanes by arranging outside or inside such casing a second adjustable
peripheral piece or toothed sector m. The adjustment of this peripheral piece m
can be carried out either by roller motion or tooth gearing, the drawing
showing the latter arrangement which consists of a toothed segment formed

page_text: on the inner side of the peripheral piece m and of a toothed pinion n gearing
with such segment and mounted on a spindle carrying likewise a cord pulley o
connected by a suitable cord to another cord pulley p driven by hand with the
aid of a crank handle or driven by power through a driving pulley, so that when
a rotary motion is iniparted thereto the peripheral piece m is brought more or
less out of the casing g, whereby the effective vane surface acted upon by the
wind can be correspondingly varied.
over
the
which has for
In the arrangement or construction shown in side view partly in section in
Fig. 3 of the drawings, in plan in Fig. 4 (partly in section) and in vertical cross
section parallel to the main axle in Fig. 5, the protecting sheath or casing is
placed
of the wind wheel
upper half
its advantage that the motor is protected against climatic changes
in the most simple and yet most effective manner. In this con-
struction, the adjustability of the peripheral toothed segment or
piece m as applied to the first construction described with reference to Figs. 1
and 2 and as carried out by hand is effected in this instance by the motor and
is therefore purely automatic. Should, for instance, a suddenly increasing wind
speed prevail, in consequence whereof the number of revolutions accomplished
would increase too rapidly, the centrifugal action of the governors connected
with a bevel friction wheel r would impart to the latter a lateral displacement
in the direction indicated by the arrow, whence the friction wheel would be
caused to engage with a second friction wheel which surrounds it and would
cause the cord pulley gear 71, 0¹, connected by the cord to impart a rotation
to the tooth gearing w, 1, 2, whereby the peripheral piece or segment m
gearing with the latter wheel and balanced by the counter-weight is moved
relatively to the casing or sheath' g and hence the effective vane surface is in-
fluenced. It is obvious that this motion may be carried out in any other suitable
manner, i.e., by other mechanical equivalents. When the wind motor has
large dimensions, the peripheral surface can be centrally stiffened by means of
a rib or stay.
The transmission of the power of the shaft a may be carried out in many
different ways.
Two different methods of transmission are embodied in the
drawings, the first arrangement applied to the motor shown in Figs. 1 and 2,
being such that a dynamo I) is mounted on the frame of the motor as an example
of a direct transmission while in the second arrangement shown in Figs. 3 to 5
a cord pulley y mounted on the motor shaft transmits power to a similar pulley z
below, arranged in the same vertical plane as the former. The latter pulley
is keyed on a horizontal shaft turning by the aid of a suitable ball bearing
about the imaginary central axis of the motor. The upward pull of the rope
can be taken up by the roller bearing and lastly the rotation of the motor
may be transmitted to the vertical shaft by means of the bevel gearing 2³.
The motor such as illustrated in Figs. 3 to 5 can likewise turn about an
imaginary vertical axis by means of a number of suitable rollers carried by
suitable bearings and running on a circular disc or track 7.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. A wind motor having a horizontal shaft, vanes arranged radially to the latter
and a projecting casing (9) partly surrounding the said vanes characterized by
the direct arrangement of the motor shaft (a) in a protecting casing or sheath (g)
turning on a track (k, 7) or in a circular ball or roller bearing, this sheath being
adjusted in consequence of this arrangement and according to the momentarily
prevailing direction of the wind either by hand or automatically with the aid
of a wind sail or vane arranged thereon in such a manner that without having a
one sided action on the shaft the pressure of the wind bears constantly on the
whole of the wide side of the vane surfaces (b, c).

page_text: 2. A modification of the wind motor with protecting casing or hood, such as
above claimed, characterized by the arrangement, for the purpose of better pro-
tecting the motor from climatic changes, of the casing (9) covering the wind
wheel above or over the upper portion of such wheel and the providing of
such casing with roller bearings to allow it to be automatically turned to the
wind, these rollers turning upon a circular track.
3. A modification of the wind motor with protecting casing or hood, such as
above claimed, characterized by the arrangement of a second covering or peri-
pheral piece (m) actuated by hand or automatically, placed inside or outside the
protecting hood (9) and adjustable according to the intensity of the wind pressure
for the purpose of altering the size of the peripheral surfaces of the protecting
hood (9) which catch or receive the wind pressure.
4. A modification of the wind motor with protecting casing or hood, such as
above claimed, characterized by the automatic adjustment of the peripheral
piece (m) caused by variations in the intensity of the wind pressure being
carried out in such a manner that the centrifugal action of a governor (s) con-
nected to an adjustable bevel friction disc (r) capable of being displaced in an
axial direction, causes the friction disc to slide on its axis and to engage another
loose friction disc keyed on the same axis, and drawing in or pushing out of the
hood, the peripheral piece (m) by means of cord pulleys p¹, o, and toothed
gearing, 1, 102.
Dated this 17th day of November 1899
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow..
Agents for the Applicant.