IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLANING WOOD
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Hunt, of No. 28, St. Enoch Square,
Glasgow, and No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, London, Consulting
Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PLANING WOOD."-A communication from abroad by
Theodor Andross Prole residing at Hamburgh
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Hunt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th August 1864.
I, EDMUND HUNT, of No. 28, St. Enoch Square, Glasgow, and No..1, Serle
Street, Lincoln's Inn, London, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI-
NERY FOR PLANING WOOD," a communication from abroad by Theodor Andreas
Prale, residing at Hamburgh, to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to machinery for planing wood, and has generally.
for object increased efficiency and convenience in use; and in a modifi-
cation embodying the improvements there is a stationary table or plat-
form, down upon which the wood to be planed is fixed. The planing tools
are carried by a travelling frame arranged to move along on rails which may
be conveniently fixed to the sides of the table. The tools are fixed on a
revolving wheel or disc fast on the lower end of a vertical spindle, which is

page_text: carried in bearings on the travelling frame, and has fast on it a pulley acted
on by a driving band or cord. This driving band or cord receives its motion
from a stationary pulley beyond one end of the table, and it passes round a
stationary distending pulley beyond the other end of the table, whilst it is
diverted out of the line between the extreme pulleys by a pair of guide pulleys
fitted upon the travelling frame, another pair of guide pulleys on the frame
leading it to and from the pulley on the tool spindle. Any suitable number
of tools may be fitted upon the wheel or disc, a convenient number being six,
and of these three are narrow roughing cutters, whilst the other three, disposed
alternately, are similar to ordinary plane irons. The plane irons are fitted
with the usual inclination to the horizontal plane, and the roughing tools
have a greater inclination, whilst both sets are by preference inclined in the
horizontal plane in such a way as to throw their outer parts a little forward.
These details may, however, obviously be varied. The tool spindle may be
carried by a part of the travelling frame, which is adjustable as to height by
means of screws, and in order that the driving cord may accomodate itself to
differences of height the distending pulley is mounted on a carriage arranged
to move inwards or outwards, and controlled by a cord and weight. The
travelling frame is moved along as the planing proceeds by a feed motion
derived from one of the guide pulleys on the frame, a cord from such pulley
giving motion to a transverse horizontal spindle, which by means of worms and
worm wheels actuates two vertical spindles carried by the frame. These spindles
have pinions on their lower ends, which gear with rack teeth on the sides of
the rails on which the travelling frame moves. A motion to be worked by
hand is provided for moving the frame along quickly, and when using this
the worm shaft is moved out of gear. Many of the details may obviously be
modified; thus instead of the endless band driving gear there may be a longi-
tudinal shaft with a sliding bevil wheel, from which motion can be taken by
a vertical shaft on the travelling frame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed 30
by the said Edmund Hunt' in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDMUND
HUNT, of No. 28,, St. Enoch Square, Glasgow, and No. 1, Serle Street,
Lincoln's Inn, London, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, send 3:
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,'
the said Edmund Hunt, Her special licence that I, the said Edmund Hunt,.
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edmund Hunt, my executors, administrators, and. assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PLANING WOOD," "a communication to me from abroad by
Theodor Andreas Prale, residing at Hamburg," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edmund Hunt, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months.
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmund Hunt, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to machinery for planing wood, and has generally
for its object increased efficiency and convenience in use.
And in order that the Invention and the manner of performing it may be
properly understood, I have hereunto appended a Sheet of explanatory
Drawings, to be herein-after referred to, and representing a modification.
embodying the improvements.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine, and Figure 2 is a front eleva-
tion, but in the latter Figure it has been considered unnecessary to repeat.
some of the parts which are sufficiently well seen in Figure 1. There is a
stationary table or platform-1, down upon which the wood 2 to be planed is:
fixed. This table may be of any convenient length, and it is represented as
broken off, as in general it will be considerably longer than what is shown in.
the Drawing. The planing tools are carried by a travelling frame 3, 4, 5, 6,
arranged to move along -upon rails 7, which are fixed to the side of the
table 1. The travelling frame comprises two vertical side standards 3,

page_text: formed with long horizontal bearing flanges 4, to rest on the rails 7 and
against the sides of the table 1, and these standards 3 are connected by a
transverse horizontal, frame piece 5 and by an adjustable horizontal frame-
piece 6. The tools 8, 9, are fixed on a revolving wheel or disk -10, fast on
the lower end of a vertical spindle 11, which is carried in bearings 12, 13, on
the adjustable frame piece 6, and has fast on it a pulley 14, acted on by a
driving band or cord 15.. This driving band 15 is a long endless one, and
receives its motion from a pulley 16 in stationary bearings overhead and
.beyond one end of the table 1, and it passes round an adjustablė distending
pulley 17 situated beyond the other end of the table, whilst it is diverted
out of the line between the extreme pulleys 16, 17, by a pair of guide
pulleys 18, 19,. mounted in bracket bearings 20, fixed upon the top of
one of the side standards 3 of the travelling frame. Another pair of guide
pulleys 21; 22, mounted on studs on the adjustable frame piece 6, lead it to
and: from the pulley 14 on the tool spindle 11. The distending pulley 17
is mounted on a carriage 23, and the cord 15 is always kept tight by a strain
applied to the carriage by means of a cord 24 and weight 25. Any suitable
number of tools. may be fitted upon the wheel or disk 14, a convenient number
being six, and of these three (8) are roughing cutters, whilst the other three
(9), disposed alternately, are similar to ordinary plane irons. The plane irons 9
are fitted with the usual inclination to the horizontal plane, and the roughing
tools 8 have a greater inclination, whilst both sets are by preference inclined
in the horizontal plane in such a way as to throw their outer parts a little
forward. These details may, however, obviously be varied. The frame piece 6,
which carries the tool spindle 11; is made adjustable as to height by means of
vertical screws 26, fitted within recesses in the side standards 3, and indicated
by dotted lines in Figure 2.. The screws act upon internally screwed blocks,
which slide up and down the recesses, and have each a flange projecting out-
side, and which is bolted to the frame piece 6. The upper ends of the
screws 26 project through the tops of the standards 3, and have bevil wheels
27 fixed upon them, these wheels gearing with bevil wheels on a transverse
horizontal shaft 28, on one end of which there is a spur wheel 29 in gear with
a pinion 30 on a stud below. In connection with the pinion 30 there is a
disk 31 and a handle 32 for acting on the gearing, so as to turn the screws 26
when the frame piece 6 is to be raised or lowered. A scale is applied or
formed on the vertical flange of the standard 3 immediately adjoining the
flange of the frame piece 6, and this scale shows the exact height of the
cutting edges above the surface of the table 1, whilst the disc 31 serves for
eştimating very minute differences, and for fixing the gearing by means of a

page_text: pinching screw, the disc being itself held by a small bracket. The travelling
frame 3-6 is moved along as the planing proceeds by a feed motion derived
from one of the guide pulleys 19, a cord 33 from a pulley on the same spindle
giving motion to a transverse horizontal spindle 34, which by means of worms
and worm wheels 35 actuates two vertical spindles 36 carried by the frame
standards 3. These spindles 36 bave pinions on their lower ends, which gear
with rack teeth on the sides of the rails 7, on which the travelling frame moves.
A motion to be worked by hand is provided for moving the frame along
quickly, and when using this the worm shaft 34 is moved out of gear by means
of a handle 37. This handle is fast on a horizontal spindle extending across
the frame, and on either side a tooth on the spindle engages with a bar fixed
to the movable bearings of the worm shaft 34, and moves them in or out as
required. The hand motion consists of a transverse horizontal shaft 38 turned
by a handle 39, and acting on the vertical spindles 36 by means of bevil
wheels 40 on them and on it. Many of the details may obviously be modified ;
thus instead of the endless band driving gear there may be a longitudinal shaft
with a sliding bevil wheel, from which motion can be taken by a vertical shaft
on the travelling frame.
Having thus particularly described the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be performed, I have to state that the Inventor
does not restrict himself to the precise details herein described and delineated:
but. that what is believed to be novel and original, and is claimed as the
Invention secured by the berein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
constructing of wood-planing machinery having revolving cutters carried by a
frame, which travels over a fixed table, with an improved arrangement of the
parts, substantially such as is herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Hunt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
EDMUND HUNT. (L.S.)