matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLE SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Yeoman and James
Gilbert at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th December 1869.
We, WILLIAM YEOMAN and JAMES GILBERT, both of East Lane,
Walworth, in the County of Surrey, Engineers and Machinists, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SHUTTLE SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to that class of sewing machines which are
worked with a shuttle, and consist in providing the shuttle bar at that
end furthest from the shuttle with a transverse or cross arm, which has
in it for nearly its whole length a slot. The pillar or standard carrying
the top arm of frame has within it a vertical spindle carrying at its
upper end a mitre wheel gearing into another mitre wheel on the driving
shaft of the machine. The said vertical spindle has beneath it a circular
disc, which turns with the spindle, and on the under side of this disc is a
pin with or without a friction roller; this pin enters the slot on shuttle
bar. Now by turning the driving shaft this pin will by its circular
motion so act in the slot as to give a to-and-fro or reciprocating motion
to the shuttle bar and shuttle.

page_text: We sometimes instead of the above plan make the transverse or cross
arm of the shuttle bar without the slot, and fix upon this arm the pin;
and in that case we make the circular disc before mentioned with a slot
of such a form as by its action upon the pin to give the necessary
to-and-fro motion to the shuttle bar. Or we may for the same purpose
connect the pin on the circular disc with the shuttle bar by means of
a connecting rod; or the motion may be given by substituting for the
circular disc an eccentric.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING SOCKET AND FLANGED PIPES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hilton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th October
1869.
I, JOHN HILTON, of the Albert Road Iron Works, Farnworth, in the
County of Lancaster, Iron Founder, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING SOCKET AND FLANGED
PIPES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in casting socket and flanged
pipes ready to be connected together when taken out of the sand
without having to be first turned, faced, or bored as has hitherto been
necessary, and consists in the use and application to the purpose of
casting such descriptions of pipes of what are technically termed "cast-
iron chills" of the necessary shape to form the socket or spigot ends,
which chills are fixed in the proper position upon the core bars or barrels
either by lock nuts, keys, or in any other convenient manner. The
patterns from which such pipes are cast have suitable prints left upon
them to form the necessary impression in the sand to receive such chills,
so that when the core bars are placed in the mould and the molten
metal is poured in such molten metal comes in contact with the chills,

page_text: and thus produces a smooth and true cylindrical or conical surface in
the socket and upon the spigot ends. For flanged pipes the application.
is precisely the same, the chills only differing in shape to form the
flanged surfaces.
AN IMPROVED SLEEVE LINK OR SOLITAIRE
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Douglas, of No. 59, High Street,
Stourbridge, in the County of Worcester, Silversmith and Jeweller,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED SLEEVE LINK OR SOLITAIRE."
Sealed the 3rd August 1869, and dated the 7th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Douglas
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th April 1869.
I, WILLIAM HENRY DOUGLAS, of No. 59, High Street, Stourbridge, in
the County of Worcester, Silversmith and Jeweller, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SLEEVE LINK OR
SOLITAIRE," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in an improved sleeve link or solitaire. The
improved sleeve link or solitaire consists of the ordinary flat button, on
the back of which I fix a plate furnished with a sort of double hook,

page_text: somewhat of the form of ; one end of the double hook is attached to
the plate, and the other end is free. Instead of the double hook forming
part of or being attached to a plate, as above described, it may in some
cases be fixed direct to the solitaire itself.
To apply the improved solitaire, the free end of the double hook is
passed through one of the button or eyelet holes in the wristband, and is
then hooked into the other button or eyelet hole of the wristband, thus
firmly securing the two sides of the wristband together; and as one of
the ends of the said double hook is attached to the solitaire, the latter
is prevented from slipping out.
In- PROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING THE ESCAPE OF SMOKE FROM STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wilkinson Jackson, Joseph
Jackson, and James Cowgill at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 1st November 1869.
We, WILKINSON JACKSON and JOSEPH JACKSON, of Halifax, in the
County of York, and JAMES COWGILL, of Bradford, in the same County,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING THE ESCAPE OF SMOKE FROM STEAM BOILER AND
OTHER FURNACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in forcing the smoke or products of con-
bustion as they issue from the furnace through water, which condenses
or refines them, the carbon or heavy bodies being precipitated into
the water, whilst the gases escape and pass away by the chimney in
the usual manner. We may effect this by providing a cistern to contain
water in the flue leading from the furnace to the chimney, and forming
a partition or damper above the water extending to the top of the flue,
which is adjustable, and by applying a worm or screw working or
capable of rotating upright in the water in front of the damper, rotary
motion being given thereto by any suitable or convenient motive power,

page_text: so that the said worm or screw by its action will force the smoke into
the water, from which the gases escape on the other side of the damper
purified from the carbon, which is condensed and left in the water. Or
instead of the screw a rotary fan may be used to force the smoke into
and through the water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY ENGINES TO BE WORKED BY STEAM, AIR, WATER, OR OTHER FLUID, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR RAISING FLUIDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left. by John Knowles at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
December 1869.
I, JOHN KNOWLES, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROTARY ENGINES TO BE WORKED BY STEAM, AIR, WATER, OR OTHER FLUID, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR RAISING FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
The engine consists principally of a cylinder or circular chamber
divided into two equal compartments by a fixed partition or diaphragm.
Through the centre of this double cylinder passes the axle, upon which
are keyed or otherwise fixed circular blocks which are of the same width
as the interior of the cylinders, and are provided with pistons or pro-
jections fitting in the space between the outside of the circular blocks
and the inside circumference of the cylinders, the said pistons being
placed on opposite sides of the axle in the two cylinders, so as to avoid
having any
"dead plate." The inlet and outlet for the steam or other
fluid are placed on opposite sides of the periphery of the cylinders, and
between the two openings is placed a sliding valve which acts as a steam
stop and prevents the steam or fluid from passing directly from one

page_text: orifice to the other without travelling round the cylinder, and also serves
as an abutment for the steam or fluid to act against in forcing round the
pistons. These valves or stops are actuated by levers and cams keyed
on the main axle in such a way that as soon as the revolving piston has
passed the outlet opening the valve or stop is drawn out to allow the
piston to pass, and it is thrust in again as the piston passes the inlet
opening. Steam may be worked expansively in this engine by employing
slide or other valves to cut off the steam at the desired portion of the
stroke, the said valves being worked by levers actuated by cams or
tappets fixed on the main axle, or on a separate shaft receiving motion
therefrom. In some instances (more especially when the apparatus is
to be used as a pump for raising fluids) the sliding valve or stop may
be dispensed with and a hinged valve may be used in its place, the said
hinged valve or stop being opened by the direct action of the rotary
piston, and being self-closing (as soon as the piston has passed) either
by its own weight merely or by means of a spring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR FASTENINGS FOR PURSES, SATCHELS, POCKET BOOKS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Moritz Wolfsky at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
January 1869.
I, MORITZ WOLFSKY, of 5, Pilgrim Street, Ludgate Hill, in the City
of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR FASTENINGS FOR PURSES, SATCHELS, POCKET BOOKS,
AND SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a lock or fastening, and in order that my
said Invention may be better understood reference is made to the
accompanying Drawings.
Fig. 1 represents the flap of a pocket book open. A and B are two
piates of metal, shewn in dotted lines (being in reality on the other side
of the leather); CO is a catch or clip, which is fixed to the outer plate A
and works over plate B on a centre D having a movement right and
left; G is a small steel spring under clip C, plate E (Fig. 2) is placed
over B, the circular opening in the same (E) being immediately over
the clip C; the 3 plates being thus arranged (see also Fig. 3), the plate A
being moved a little on one side the flap is folded down in the usual

page_text: way, the circular opening in plate E closing over the metal pin F, the
catch or clip C on plate A is moved slightly so as to be caught by
the head of the pin F, and thus becomes fastened; to open the lock
the outer plate A has merely to be moved to the right or left, and the
catch is released.
Fig. 3 shows side view of pocket book with lock in section.
Fig. 4 shows the pocket book closed and general appearance of the
lock, the outer or moving plate A being seen. By this arrangement
great neatness and simplicity is attained, besides being entirely effectual
as a fastening, and may be applied to pocket books, purses, satchels, and
other similar articles..
A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF CONSTRUCTING ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Desmond Gerald FitzGerald at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st December 1869.
I, DESMOND GERALD FITZGERALD, of Battersea, in the County of
Surrey, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF CONSTRUCTING ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS," to
be as follows:-
My Invention consists in certain improvements upon or modifications
of the Invention for which I obtained Letters Patent, bearing date the
18th day of February A.D. 1869, No. 501, and has for its objects,-
1st. The substitution in certain cases for an electrolytrially insulated
cable forming a primary or secondary voltaic combination of several
elements or couples of a simple wire or wires not coated with any
dielectric, but nevertheless capable of opposing the lateral passage or
escape of the current from either of the signalling batteries at the
terminal stations.
2nd. An augmentation of the electrolytic insulation of the signalling
current in a cable forming a primary or secondary voltaic combination
as above mentioned.

page_text: These objects I effect by balancing the electro-motive force of an
earth couple constituted by two wires or by one wire, and earth plates
or elements, or by an electrolytically insulated cable and earth plates
or elements (which may be used in conjunction with any voltaic electro-
motor, by means of a signalling battery at each station as described 5
in the above mentioned Letters Patent bearing date the 18th day of
February, A.D. 1869, No. 501, in such manner as to effect the electrolytic
insulation of the signalling current except when and at the point
whence signals are required to be transmitted. I also adopt certain
novel means for obtaining a comparatively high degree of electro-motive 1
force opposing the lateral passage or escape of the signalling current
before it has completed the line circuit and for preserving chemically
intact the wire wires or electrolytically insulated cable through which
the signalling current is transmitted,
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAIL OR CASH AND OTHER BAGS OR PORTABLE RECEPTACLES, AND IN FASTENINGS TO BE USED FOR THE SAME, AND APPLIANCES FOR THE WORKING THEREOF
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Harding at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June
1869.
I, JOHN HARDING, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MAIL OR CASH AND OTHER BAGS OR PORTABLE RECEPTACLES, AND IN FASTENINGS
TO BE USED FOR THE SAME, AND APPLIANCES FOR THE WORKING THEREOF," to be as
follows:-
My Invention has reference to the construction and arrangement of
mail, cash, or other bags and the means of fastening thereof in such
form and manner that they may be securely closed and kept closed by
a fastener which can be sealed with an official seal or stamp and cannot
be unfastened without the absolute destruction of such fastener, nor
without its becoming evident that the same has been removed, and any
attempt at removal of the fastener will also be detectable especially
when the same is officially sealed or stamped. Along one or more sides
of the bag I secure one or more strips of leather or other material
provided with one or more loops as may be found desirable, in order

page_text: to accomodate the fastening hereafter described to the contents of the
bag or receptacle.
The means of fastening consist of a strap. provided with an eye or
ring and slots or holes through which the eye or ring is passed. When
the bag or receptacle is to be closed I pass the said strap through one
or more of the said loops, say, for instance, through a corresponding
loop in each side of the bag or receptacle. The said eye or ring is.
then passed through one of the said slots in the fastening, and a bolt
of soft lead or metal is inserted in the said eye or ring, which bolt in
order to secure the strap and prevent the bag from being opened. The
bolt is rivetted, and this forms the fastener above mentioned (and the.
head of the rivet may be sealed or stamped) by means of an appliance. I
prefer to use for the purpose consisting of a frame carrying a punch or
stamp acted on by a lever and spring, the said lever having at one end
a cam, eccentric, or slot for the purpose of pressing forward and releasing
the said punch or stamp. In order to unfasten the bag or receptacle
the head of the said bolt may be removed by means of a pair of cutting
nippers, and the remaining portion of the said bolt can then be pressed
out or taken from the eye or ring, thus leaving the fastening free for
removal,
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CARDING, AND OTHERWISE PREPARING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Brooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
April 1869.
I, SAMUEL BROOKE, of Brighouse, in the County of York, Card Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CARDING, AND OTHERWISE
PREPARING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to improved means of dividing or producing
strips or ribbons of carded wool or fibre in stripping it from the doffer of
the carding engines to be condensed or rubbed into rovings or threads
by the ordinary rubbers of the condenser, and the improvements consist,
firstly, in the employment of a doffer clothed either with card filliting or
parallel rings as heretofore, also of an ordinary card stripper to work in
contact with the said doffer, and to the under angle formed by the said
doffer and stripper I apply a roller on which are a series of circular
knives or flanges fixed at suitable distances apart according to the
required width of the strips to be produced. This roller is adjusted or

page_text: set so that the knives will enter into or betwixt the card teeth, and
the roller is driven at a higher or quicker surface speed than that of the
doffer or the stripper, whereby the carded wool or fibre is divided and
taken off in strips, which are thence conducted by a grooved roller to
the rubbers.
Secondly. In the application of a series of knives or blades (instead of
the herein-before named means) in front of the doffer cylinder at suitable
distances apart and so as to enter slightly into or between the card
teeth; also in the employment of a series of combs or doffing plates so
formed as to work or reciprocate in betwixt the knives or blades for
stripping the carded wool or fibre from the doffer in strips or ribbons.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomas Way at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th July 1869.
I, JOHN THOMAS WAY, of No. 9, Russell Road, in the Parish of
Kensington, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the production or recovery of hydrochloric
acid from chloride of calcium by passing steam or watery vapour over
or through the same at a high temperature. I evaporate the solution of
chloride of calcium to dryness, and heat the product in a reverberatory
furnace or other suitable arrangement. I bring. steam, or water, or
moist air into contact with the heated chloride of calcium, and condense
the acid fumes in water by the use of coke towers or other arrange-
ment, as is well known, or in phosphate of lime, oxide of iron, or other
substance with which I wish to combine the hydrochloric acid. The
residue in the furnace is lime mixed with more or less undecomposed

page_text: chloride of calcium, which latter I remove, if desirable, by washing in
small quantities of water.
In order to expose a greater surface of chloride of calcium to the
action of watery vapour I in some cases mix with it a portion of sawdust,
fine coal, or other such carbonaceous material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRAMP KEYS OR IMPLEMENTS FOR TAKING TO PIECES, PUTTING TOGETHER, AND LUBRICATING BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND FOR OTHER LIKE USES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Gibson at the Office-
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
April 1869.
I, WILLIAM GIBSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Gun Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRAMP KEYS OR IMPLEMENTS FOR TAKING TO PIECES,
PUTTING TOGETHER, AND LUBRICATING BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND FOR OTHER
LIKE USES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in
cramp keys or implements for taking to pieces, putting together, and
lubricating breech-loading fire-arms, and for other like uses.
My Invention is specially applicable to breech-loading fire-arms of
the kind commonly called Snider rifles. I make the cramp key or
implement of the same general form as that in ordinary use, that is,.
the implement consists essentially of a cramp and screw with the
following additions or modifications:-Instead of making the thumb bit
or thumb plate of the screw of the ordinary form I make the said thumb
bit in the shape of a square hollow key at right angles to the axis of the
screw, the said key serving to screw and unscrew such parts as have
square heads which will engage in the said hollow key. At one end of

page_text: the moveable bar of the cramp I make two turnscrew blades of different
sizes slightly inclined to one another and separated but a short distance
apart. Either of these blades can be used separately for removing and
driving home screws of different sizes; or the end of the moveable bar
may be provided with a single turnscrew blade instead of a double
turnscrew blade as described. On the longer side of the body of the
cramp is a hollow cylinder closed at bottom constituting an oil bottle..
The upper open end of the said bottle is closed by a screw cap or stopper.
The under side of the said cap or stopper carries a pin by which a small
quantity of the lubricant may be removed from the bottle for the purpose
of lubricating any part of the gun or other article requiring it.
The pin described may also be used as a picker for cleaning out the.
hole of the nipple, or for other similar purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Cæsar Frederick
Franklin and Ernest Dubois at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 4th May 1869.
We, ALEXANDER CESAR FREDERICK FRANKLIN, of Abingdon Street,
Westminster, Engineer, and ERNEST DUBOIS, of Primrose Street,
Bishopsgate, Engineer, both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to engines whose power is derived from ordinary
coal gas or other gas admitted and exploded within a cylinder wherein
is fitted a reciprocating piston which is connected to a crank fixed on a
rotating shaft.
The said Invention consists in using the gas on one side only of the
said piston, or at one end of the cylinder, the other end of the said
cylinder being left open, so that the piston is driven in one direction by
the force of the gas, and in the other direction by the atmospherio
pressure consequent upon a partial vacuum produced by the sudden
escape of the gas under pressure from the cylinder at the end of the
.

page_text: stroke. By this means a saving of about one half of the gas hitherto
used in such engines for a given power will be effected.
It is necessary that the piston should be made air and gas tight in the
cylinder, and the same may be either provided with metallic or other
suitable packing, or may be formed of corrugated plates, which when
under pressure on either side of the piston will expand and fit the
cylinder perfectly.
We may construct our improved gas engine with one cylinder and
crank, and provide the crank shaft with a fly wheel, or we may use two
or more cylinders and cranks, and we may use any known or convenient
method of exploding the gas within the cylinder. If desired our
improved gas engine may be provided with a condensing apparatus to
render the vacuum more perfect.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCREW PROPELLERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henrietta Vansittart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the
22nd March 1869.
I, HENRIETTA VANSITTART, of Richmond, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCREW PROPELLERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a mode of improving the form of ordinary
screw propellers so as to render them more effective than heretofore,
and consists in adapting to the face or forward edge of any ordinary
screw propeller a metal plate or plates of suitable form and bent to
the required curve according to the lines of the vessel and the proposed
speed. This curved or waved line piece is placed straight or diagonally
across the diameter of the leading side of the blade, and may be secured
thereon either by screws, rivetting, or otherwise, or may be cast solid
thereon. I chamfer off the outer edge of the waved or curved line piece
so as to form a species of cutwater for the direct and reverse action
and to diminish the resistance on the edge of the blades. A cylindrical

page_text: or spherical boss may be used, but I prefer the oval form of boss because
it facilitates the passage of the water past the propeller, and the churning
action and vibration which is incidental to ordinary screw propellers
will be prevented.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DRY SOAP FOR WASHING, CLEANSING, CALENDERING, AND FINISHING COTTON AND COTTON FABRICS, WOOL AND WOOLLEN FABRICS, AND MIXTURES OF THE SAME
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jane Cross and John McCann
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 11th August 1869.
We, JANE CROSs, of Farnworth, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, and JOHN M°CANN, of the same Place, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
DRY SOAP FOR WASHING, CLEANSING, CALENDERING, AND FINISHING COTTON AND
COTTON FABRICS, WOOL AND WOOLLEN FABRICS, AND MIXTURES OF THE SAME,'
to be as follows:-
"
We take ordinary soap, soda, and China clay, and mix them well
together in any suitable vessel, then dry the said mixture either by
artificial heat or in the open air, then form it into any suitable shapes
for sale; or we dissolve it in warm water and sell it in a state of solution.
The proportion of the said articles may be about 3 cwt. of soda to 1 cwt.
of soap, and % of a cwt. of China clay in any form it may be made
to exist in, or any extract of the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING, IMPROVING,. AND DISCHARGING BEER AND OTHER BEVERAGES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lionel Strauss and Anton
Seckbach at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th February 1869.-A communication from abroad
by Wilhelm Eichman, of the Firm of E. Meller and Company, of
Bockenheim, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
We, LIONEL STRAUSS and ANTON SECKBACH, both of the Firm of
Seckbach, Erlanger, and Strauss, of Wiesbaden, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, and Watling Street, in the City of London, Wine Growers and
Importers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING, IMPROVING,.
AND DISCHARGING BEER AND OTHER BEVERAGES," communicated to us from
abroad by Wilhelm Eichman, of the Firm of E. Meller and Company,
of Bockenheim, in the Kingdom of Prussia, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus
for preserving, improving, and discharging ale, beer, and other similar
boverages. It may also be applied with advantage to certain descriptions
of wine.

page_text: According to these improvements carbonic acid gas is generated and
caused to act upon the liquid or beverage to be treated so as to preserve
it and improve its quality, and it also may aid in forcing it up to the
required level in order to be discharged. The gas is best generated for
the purpose by hydrochloric acid and a carbonate of lime. A vessel or
reservoir containing hydrochloric acid is fixed at a certain height, and is
caused to communicate with a cylinder or receiver placed below it and
containing limestone, marble, or chalk. The hydrochloric acid acting
herein on the limestone, marble, or chalk produces carbonic acid gas,
which passes through water in an adjoining receiver and is thereby
purified. Thence the purified carbonic acid gas is conducted into the
cask, barrel, vessel, or holder containing the ale or other liquid to be
treated. The effect of the gas is to preserve the beverage, and improve
it in quality, taste, and appearance. The lime or marble receiver, the
purifying vessel, and the cask, barrel, or holder containing the beverage
are all placed at a lower level than the vessel containing the hydrochloric
acid solution, and therefore when a pipe or duct is carried from the cask
or holder containing the beverage to. a height corresponding with or a
little less than the level of the hydrochloric acid vessel, the beverage will
be raised to such height and discharged therent without requiring a
pump, beer engine, or lifting machine. The elevating and discharging
pipe opens at one end into the cask, barrel, or beverage holder, and it is
provided at its upper end with a tap, cock, valve, or stopper. By
conducting several pipes from the purifier the carbonic acid gas may be
conducted thence into two or any number of casks or holders at the same
time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Clayton, of Preston, in the County of
Lancashire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM."
Sealed the 23rd November 1869, and dated the 5th October 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Clayton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th October 1869.
I, JOSEPH CLAYTON, of Preston, in the County of Lancashire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
boilers for generating steam, and consists in making the horizontal tubes
or flues with corrugations running spirally around them, by this means
the products of combustion as they pass through the tubes or flues

page_text: are caused to revolve spirally, and are so carried around the whole
surface of the flue instead of as heretofore being confined principally
to the top of the tubes or flues, so heating them equably throughout,
and consequently the heat will be utilized to a greater extent. By thus
causing the products of combustion to revolve spirally as they pass i
through the flues the particles of unconsumed fuel and soot are also.
carried away, and the flue is therefore always in a clean state and in
a better condition to take and absorb the heat.
The Invention also consists in making the water tubes which are to
aid the circulation of the water in the boiler also with corrugations
running spirally around them, so that the water as it passes through the
tubes has a revolving spiral motion given to it, by which every portion
of the water is in turn brought into contact with the front part of the
tube, against which the principal portion of the heat strikes.
AN IMPROVED LEVER LOCK OR FASTENING SUITABLE FOR VARIOUS Useful PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bridges at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th May
1869.
I, JAMES BRIDGES, of the Firm of McRac and Bridges, of No. 14,
Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, British and Foreign Fancy
Warehousemen, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED LEVER LOCK OR FASTENING SUITABLE FOR VARIOUS Useful
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved lever lock or fastening,
applicable to purses, wallets, cigar cases, jewellery, books, articles of
wearing apparel, or for other useful purposes where locks or fastenings are
required.
The improved lever lock or fastening is composed chiefly of three
metal plates, one of them being the body or dome of the lock which is
raised by a die to a sufficient height to allow the locking or fastening
action to slide freely underneath, either horizontally or perpendicularly.
This body or dome has two or more slots made in it; one of them in the
form of a key hole, beneath which is a lever bolt with either a coil or
a flat spring attached to it, and the rest for the reception of staples

page_text: for the purpose of locking the purse or other article. A key or bution
is attached to the spring of the lever bolt having a slot 'cut in two of
its sides, so that when pressed with the thumb it can be slid along
the smaller cut of the key hole slot above mentioned and be pressed
into one or more staples (which pass through the slots above mentioned
in the dome plate) attached to a second plate of the lock or fastening
which I shall call the top of the lock, and which will be attached to the
flap of the purse or other article. When locked in this manner the
purse or other article is safe and cannot be undone without pressing
the button and sliding it along. A third metal plate is rivetted,
screwed, or otherwise attached to the back of the above-mentionetl
dome plate, thus forming the back of the lock and enclosing the lever
or spring bolt between it and the dome plate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAINT
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Borgnet at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
April 1869.
I, ALFRED BORGNET, of Swansea, in the County of Glamorgan, South
Wales, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAINT," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the preparation of paint, and consists in the
employment for that purpose of clays, by preference refractory clays
known as fire-clays, and more particularly the fire-clay occurring in the
basin of the river Meuse in Belgium, and known as Belgian fire-clay.
The clay is first freed from any impurities adhering mechanically
thereto, and is then to be dried either by artificial or natural means,
after which it is reduced to a fine state of division, and is then incor-
porated or mixed with boiled linseed oil or other substitute therefor, or
with mixtures of the same. To this mixture oxide of manganese or
other dryers, in a finely divided state, are to be added, or the dryers may
be mixed with a portion of the linseed oil or substitute therefor, and
then be mixed with the mass which has been previously incorporated.

page_text: To this mixture a solution of india-rubber in any of its known solvents is
to be added, and after thorough incorporation the product may receive
any pigment or coloring matter according to the tint or color required,
and is then fit for application in the arts, being particularly applicable
for coating vessels to prevent fouling, for the preservation of iron and
metal work generally, and for coating or covering walls and other
structures to prevent damp.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHEEP SHEARS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Burgon and James
Ball at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 13th November 1869.
We, CHARLES BURGON and JAMES BALL, of Sheffield, in the County of
York, Sheep Shear Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHEEP SHEARS,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce an improved description of
sheep shears at a much lower cost than those made of steel or those made
by the old process of hammering.
The Invention consists in manufacturing sheep shears from steel
and iron plates. The steel and iron plates are welded or rolled together,
and are then cut up in the usual way, shape, and size to form the
shear.

page_text: The shear is made in one piece only, or it may be made in two
portions or parts if desired, and the portions or parts rivetted or other-
wise fastened or secured together. A suitable metallic or other spring
may be attached if required to assist the opening and closing action of
the shear.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Ives at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th April
1869.
I, JOSEPH IVES, of Thame, in the County of Oxford, Draper, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
OF VELOCIPEDE," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to economise the power required to
work velocipedes, to give increased safety to the traveller, and enable
him to steer his course without retarding the progress of the vehicle.
To attain these ends I provide a cranked transverse frame to carry the
seat and footboard, and this frame I suspend on the trunnions of a pair
of carrying wheels. Connected with these trunnions are crank handles,
through which rotary motion is communicated to the carrying wheels by
the person on the suspended seat. Or the wheels may be keyed to a
cranked axle divided in the middle, and capable of connection by means
of a sliding friction or other clutch. When this clutch is not in action
the wheels will receive an independent motion, but when the shaft is
coupled up the wheels will rotate together. Under the footboard I

page_text: propose to apply a friction roller, which will act as a stay when the
traveller enters or alights from the vehicle, and will serve also when
depressed and caused to run on the ground to act as a drag on the
progress of the vehicle. Connected with the crank shaft I propose to
have treadles, which being worked by the feet will enable the traveller
to employ the muscular power both of his legs and arms, either together
or alternately, and thus modify the exertion required to keep up a given
speed of progress. By simply throwing the weight of the body on the
footboard the drag or brake will be applied, and by turning one wheel
while the other is slackened or quiescent the velocipede may be steered
with the greatest facility.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MARSEILLES QUILTS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Mitchell and Thomas Settle
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 7th August 1869.
We, JOHN MITCHELL, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, and THOMAS SETTLE, of the same Place, Weaver, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF MARSEILLES QUILTS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in a method of ornamenting Marseilles quilts,
and in rendering them reversible, that is to say, to weave them with
one pattern on one side and another pattern on the other side. To
accomplish these objects we use the ordinary loom, but employ the
weft which forms the wadding to produce a pattern upon the surface or
surfaces by stitching it thereon in any required design. This weft
thread may afford a character by its colour, or may be of the same
colour as the other threads, and the pattern may be produced on one or
on both sides of the quilt. In the former case the quilt becomes

page_text: reversible, and that effect may also be produced by stitching one pattern
on one side and another on the other side. To regulate the aforesaid
stitching we employ any ordinary jacquard or other such well known
apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW WRENCHES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd February 1869.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Lawrence Perkins, of the City and State of New York, United States
of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW WRENCHES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide for a more expeditious
adjustment of the movable jaw of the wrench than is attainable by the
ordinary construction of screw wrenches, without, however, detracting
from that nicety of adjustment and firmness of hold which pertains to
the screw.
To this end the Invention consists, firstly, in constructing the hole
through the sliding jaw for the shank to pass through sufficiently large
to admit of the jaw being readily disengaged from the screw or be thrown
into gear therewith, so that the adjustment of the jaw on or along the

page_text: shank may be effected either by an independent sliding movement of the
jaw along the shank or by or through the intervention of the screw at
the pleasure of the operator and as circumstances require. This portion
of the Invention likewise comprises in combination with the above a
compound wedge and spring for the purpose of effecting with facility
and dispatch the engagement and disengagement of the sliding jaw with
and from the adjusting screw.
Also the Invention includes adapting to the sliding jaw a spring and
button whereby the adjusting screw may be sprung back or shifted so as
to disengage it at pleasure from gear with the sliding jaw, and also to
admit of an independent sliding movement of the latter on the shank
and of being returned into gear with the screw for operation by the
latter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF TEMPLES. AND ROLLERS FOR WINDING THE CLOTH AND OTHER ROLLERS TO BE USED IN POWER LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Woods, John Hampson,
Levi Fish, and George Fish at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd March 1869.
We, JOSEPH WOODS, JOHN HAMPSON, Cotton Manufacturers, LEVI
FISH, Manager, and GEORGE FISH, Power Loom Overlooker, of Preston,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF TEMPLES.
AND ROLLERS FOR WINDING THE CLOTH AND OTHER ROLLERS TO BE USED IN POWER
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to spread the yarn or to give the
cloth a better cover with the back carrier level with the healds, which is
done by having a flat bar or bars of iron or any other suitable material
under the cloth in a line or at any convenient angle with the front edge
of the temples, whereby it raises the cloth every time the lathe or slay
beats up the cloth.
This Invention will be a saving to the healds as the yarn will always
be on a level or suitable angle with the cloth, by which means the rods
can be got farther back and give the healds more freedom, and the
sheds will always be equal. In ordinary looms with the yarn level or
the back carrier down the cloth is left bare or without cover, and it is

page_text: to remedy this defect, and a saving of the healds, that the present
Invention is designed.
The Invention consists in having the temples on a shaft with a bar of
iron or other suitable material in a parallel line or convenient angle
with the front edge of the temples, and under the cloth and on the shaft
is fixed a small bracket or brackets, which is also fixed to a finger that is
bolted to the front carrier, or what is commonly called the breast beam,
with a stud, finger, tappet, cam, lever or levers fixed to the lathe or slay,
and every time the lathe or slay beats up the the cloth it works on the
finger or fingers, cam, tappet, lever or levers which is fixed on the front
carrier, moves or lifts the temples up, and gives a partly rotatory or
vertical motion to the temples, and causes the yarn to spread, which
gives the cloth a better cover. This Invention may also be applied to
the roller and trough temples or temples of any description.
The improvement in the cloth beam consists in adding a third beam,
or a light roller or rollers under or above the present cloth beam, or at
any convenient angle, fixed in a fork or forks, under which is a spiral
spring or springs, and as the cloth goes on the roller it presses down the
spring or springs, which causes the cloth to be of equal tightness. This
improvement is best adapted to cloth with heavy sides, and thereby
causing less breakage in the yarn and also a saving in healds, and this
improvement might be worked with compound levers, weight or weights,
or with swell, helical, scroll, or flat springs.
Im-.. PROVEMENTS IN, CARRYING, THE STEERING OR OTHER ROAD WHEELS OF IMPLEMENTS, TRACTION ENGINES, OR OTHER MACHINES ADAPTED FOR MOVING OVER COMMON ROADS OR FIELDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Max Eyth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th July
1869.
I, MAX EYTH, of the Steam Plough Works, Leeds, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-..
PROVEMENTS IN, CARRYING, THE STEERING OR OTHER ROAD WHEELS OF IMPLEMENTS,
TRACTION ENGINES, OR OTHER MACHINES ADAPTED FOR MOVING OVER COMMON
ROADS OR FIELDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in carrying the steering-
or other road wheels of implements, traction engines, or other machines.
adapted for moving over common roads or fields.
I attach to the implement a circular frame or ring made of a bar of
iron or other suitable material and of an angular section.
The top
flange of the angle iron is placed into a horizontal position, whilst the
other stands downwards in a vertical sense. Another ring, rather smaller
in diameter and of a similar construction, being an angle iron turned
in the opposite direction, is placed into the first one, so that the space
between the two rings forms an annular cavity of a square section.
The second ring is carried by the road or steering wheel, which either.

page_text: revolves on a fixed shaft bolted to the ring or turns with the shaft, the.
latter being held by suitable bearings attached to the ring. Into the.
annular cavity between the two rings a number of balls of cast iron;
or other suitable material are placed, which are separated from each.
other by loose pieces of wood or iron pushed about by the rolling move-.
ment of the balls. These balls being of the same diameter as the height
and width of the cavity formed by the angle irons carry the weight of
the implement, as well as take the sideway strain, which during the.
progress of the wheel over the land is exerted by the latter on the frame
of the implement.. For turning the ring to which the axle of the wheel
is attached by means of a chain, wire rope, or other suitable gear the
implement is steered. For doing so the balls travel back or forward in
the cavity which contains them, revolving generally round an axis:
which corresponds to a diagonal line connecting the two opposite corners.
of the two angles. Thus the greater part of the friction which other-.
wise would take place between the two rings is avoided. The wheel
may be placed in the centre of the rings or also in an eccentric position;
for the latter case it will act as a castor wheel..
The arrangement may be varied by making the frame or ring carried
by the road or steering wheel the outer in place of the inner of the two
circular frames or rings.
To steer the implement the moveable ring is turned by chain or ropes
or other suitable tackle in connection with it.