Novel or Improved Manufacture of Mixture or Colour in Blocks or Cakes for use in Seggars whilst Firing for "Flowing" Articles in such Seggars.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
Novel or Improved Manufacture of Mixture or Colour in Blocks or
Cakes for use in Seggars whilst Firing for "Flowing" Articles in
such Seggars.
I, CHARLES COPELAND, 40, Scotia Road, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire,
Glost Fireman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This my invention has reference to a novel or improved method or methods of
forming mixture or colours such as is placed in seggars for flowing ware, into
blocks or cakes of different or various shapes and sizes, the object of my said in-
vention being to enable more ware to be placed and fired in each seggar and oven
by dispensing with a cup or like vessel containing a colour or mixture in powder,
which as is well known is invariably placed in seggars containing ware to be fired
for flowing such ware.
One way of forming such powdered mixture or colour into blocks is by first
forming one mould or a series of moulds of the same, or various or different shapes
and sizes in plaster of Paris, into which mould or moulds I pour a semi-fluid
solution formed of such powdered colour or mixture with water, which when dry
or set I remove from such mould or moulds, thus forming compact or solid blocks
having a conical, spherical, disc or other suitable shape, or I slightly damp a
sufficient quantity of such powdered colour or mixture with water and form such
blocks by pressure by using a suitable die or dies attached to a suitable screw-press,
or like suitable appliance or machine.
When required for use I place one or more of such blocks in each seggar in which
earthenware has been placed for firing, thus dispensing with a cup or like re-
ceptacle containing coloured powder or mixture as is usually done, and thus enable
more ware to be placed in each seggar and oven for firing, the fumes or vapour
from such blocks or cakes of mixture or colour flowing over or upon the ware
within the said seggars as such blocks calcine during the process of firing.
Dated this 15th day of December 1897.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Novel or Improved Manufacture of Mixture or Colour in Blocks or
Cakes for use in Seggars whilst Firing for "Flowing" Articles in
such Seggars,
I, CHARLES COPELAND, 40, Scotia Road, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs. Glost
Fireman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
Novel or Improved Manufacture of Mixture or Colour in Blocks or
Cakes for use in Seggars whilst Firing for "Flowing" Articles in
such Seggars.
I, CHARLES COPELAND, 40, Scotia Road, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs. Glost
Fireman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This my invention has reference to a novel or improved method or methods of
forming mixture or colour such as is usually placed in potters' seggars in a
powdered state in cups or like receptacles for " flowing" decorated earthenware into
blocks or cakes of various shapes, sizes and weights, the object of my said invention
being to dispense with such colour or mixture in a powdered state and holders or
receptacles so as to enable more ware to be placed in each seggar and oven for
being fired and "flown."
In carrying my said invention into practice I take the ordinary mixture or
colours used for "flowing decorated ware such as ordinary whitening and chloride
of lead in any suitable proportion, which while in a powdered state I press or
solidify into conical, spherical, cubical, rectangular, disc-shaped or other suitably
shaped blocks, cakes or slabs of various or different sizes and weights by means of
metallic or other suitable dies attached to any suitable press or machine, such
powdered and mixed ingredients may first be damped with cold water or water
having the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere to a plastic condition. and
afterwards stamped or pressed by means of dies into blocks, cakes or slabs as
mentioned, or such powdered and mixed ingredients may be made into a semi-
fluid or fluid solution by mixing a sufficient quantity of water of ordinary tem-
perature therewith and pouring such solution into moulds of the same size. or
of various shapes and sizes formed in a block or slabs of plaster of Paris, or like
suitable material.
If whitening and muriatic acid mixed are chosen as a "flowing" mixture, I
mix as much of such acid with whitening as will produce a stiff or plastic compound
and afterwards form blocks, cakes or slabs from such plastic mass by using suitable
dies. or I make a fluid or semi-fluid compound or solution from such ingredients by
mixing a suitable quantity of such acid with such whitening and afterwards pour
such solution into suitable moulds to form cakes, blocks or slabs of various or
different shapes, sizes and weights.
According to the depth of the transferred or hand-painted colours on the de-
corated, glazed and fired earthenware to be "flown" I place one or more of such
mixture blocks when set or dry according to their weight, such as two one-ounce
blocks or cakes or one two-ounce block, three one ounce blocks or one three-
ounce block on the inside bottom surface of each seggar containing decorated ware
to be "flown." or such mixture blocks or cakes may be placed on clay wads or
lumps attached to the interior periphery of packed seggars by slip" or like
suitable adhesive, thus dispensing with powdered "flowing" colour or mixture
and their holders or receptacles as are invariably used, and enabling more ware
to be placed in each seggar and oven for being fired and "flown."
66
Owing to the friability of such mixture blocks, cakes or slabs when over-dried
or too dry I enclose or partially enclose each of such mixture blocks within a
card, paper, tin, wood-chip or zinc casing or wrap of any suitable thickness; but
preferably of the thickness of ordinary writing paper to enable such over-dried
blocks to be handled without crumbling or damage, such casings or wraps being
fastened or tied around such blocks with string, cotton, metallic wire or the like.
or the ends of paper, card or chip-wood wraps or casings may be connected by
gum, glue or other suitable adhesive. Such casings or wraps being calcined by heat
during firing are not injurious to the ware being
""flown."
It will be readily understood that the fumes or vapour emanating from such
mixture blocks as they calcine during firing cause blue, Canton-blue, cobalt-blue,
or green colours on such glazed decorated ware to
"flow."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The manufacture of any known formula of mixed ingredients used in potters

page_text: seggars for "flowing "colours on decorated earthenware into solidified blocks,
cakes or slabs of various or different sizes, shapes and weights by means of a suitable
die or dies attached to any suitable press or machine, and used in the manner and
for the purpose as herein substantially described and set forth.
2nd. The manufacture of any known formula of mixed ingredients used in potters'
seggars for "flowing" colours on decorated earthenware into blocks, cakes or slabs
by first making such mixed powdered ingredients into a plastic mass by adding
water or acid thereto and afterwards moulding such plastic mass or compound into
solidified blocks, cakes or slabs of the required shape, size and weight by means
of a suitable die or dies attached to a suitable press or machine and used for
<< flowing" colours on decorated earthenware as herein substantially described and
set forth.
3rd. The manufacture of blocks, cakes or slabs of various or different shapes.
sizes and weights of or from any known formula of mixed ingredients used in
potters' seggars for "flowing" decorated earthenware by first mixing such in-
gredients in a powdered state and adding a sufficienty quantity of water or muriatic
acid thereto to produce a semi-fluid or fluid solution or compound and pouring such
solution into a suitable mould or moulds to form blocks, cakes or slabs of required
shane, size and weight for use in potters' seggars for "flowing" colours on decorated
earthenware as herein substantially described and set forth.
4th. Enclosing or partially enclosing each of the moulded or pressed solidified
mixture blocks used for "flowing" colours on decorated earthenware as herein
described within a card, paper, tin, wood-chip, zinc or like suitable wrapper or
casing to prevent crumbling or damaging such mixture blocks whilst being handled
as herein substantially described and set forth.
Dated this 16th day of Santamber 1898
JOHN NEWTON,
Longport, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs, Agent for Applicant.