IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WELDLESS TYRES, HOOPS, OR RINGS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Ashbury, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WELDLESS TYRES, HOOPS, OR RINGS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH
MANUFACTURE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Ashbury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th March 1874.
I, THOMAS ASHBURY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF WELDLESS TYRES, HOOPS, OR RINGS, AND IN APPARATUS.
EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the forging, moulding, or forming under a :
steam hammer (by preference), or any other kind of hammer, hydraulic :
press (or other suitable means, wherein dies, moulds, or blocks can be
used) lumps of, iron, blanks, rings, or hoops with a hole either fully
formed or partially formed in or near the centre or quite solid....Such

page_text: lumps, blanks, rings, or hoops, may be formed of any kind or description
of iron or steel, or any mixture.or combination of iron and steel, which
may be made under any method or process most suitable for the end
desired. These lumps, blanks, rings, or hoops are primarily and specially
designed and adopted for the manufacture of tyres or hoops for the
wheels of railway and road locomotives, railway and road carriages and
wagons, and all descriptions of rolling stock where solid weldless tyres,
hoops, or rings can be used. They can also be made into solid weldless
hoops or rings of any section or shape, either circular or otherwise, as
used, or may be used in the manufacture of boilers, tubes, bridges, ships,
or any other purpose.
•
The improvements consist principally in the employment of a series of
blocks, dies, rings, and other appliances of any kind of suitable metal
which can be affixed into the anvil and hammer block of a steam
hammer, hydraulic press, or other similar apparatus.
The lower block is a dic or dish of a circular or other shape made to
fit into the anvil block. Into this a loose plate or false bottom may be.
put, as found most convenient. This loose plate is for the purpose of
steadying or holding a pin or punch for forming the hole in the blank,
and also to save the lower block from excessive wear.
To form the various sizes of blocks required, and yet to utilize tho
lower block, rings or segments of the desired form, either solid, split, or
in sections or pieces, arc or may be introduced and formed of a conical
or other shape to fit the lower block, so as to shape the blank to the
desired form. For facility in getting out the blank holes are made in a
these sectional rings, or lugs or studs projecting out from the extreme
diameter of the ring. The hammer block is made circular or of any
other desired form to suit the anvil block, or rings or segments either
plain or with a projection on the face to form an indent for the hole.
When the hammer comes in contact with the pile which has been put a
into the lower block, rings, or segments, the iron is compressed and
condensed, being confined within the blocks, and when hammered or
compressed to the requisite thickness the blank is lifted out with the
ring by a link or shackle on either side of the hammer block loosely
coupled into the lugs, studs, or holes in the hammer blocks and rings. a
The ring with the formed blank is then lifted up by the hammer block
being raised in the ordinary way; a loose ring thicker or deeper than

page_text: the outer ring is then put into the lower block upon which the blank is
lowered; the links or shackles are then removed, and the weight of the
hammer block presses the outer ring into the bottom block, leaving the
blank resting on the loose thick ring above mentioned. If a hole is
required, as for tyres or hoops, a punch is put in the blank, and the iron
left at the bottom of the indent is pushed out by the weight of the
hammer, leaving a central hole in the blank, which is then ready for
rolling or for being hammered as may be required.
'
SPECIFICATION. in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Ashbury in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
ASHBURY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
;
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters. Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Ashbury, Her special licenso
that I, the said Thomas Ashbury, executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Ashbury, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF WELDLESS TYRES, HOOPS, OR RINGS, AND.IN. APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Thomas Ashbury, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
:

page_text: The improvements consist principally in the employment of a series of
blocks, dies, rings, and other appliances of any kind of suitable metal
which can be affixed into the anvil and hammer block of a steam hammer,
hydraulic press, or other similar apparatus..
.
The lower block A, A, is a die or dish of a circular or other shape
made to fit into the anvil block. Into this a loose plate or false bottom
may be put, as found most convenient. This loose plate B, B, is for
the purpose of steadying or holding a pin or punch C, C, for forming
the hole in the blank, and also to save the lower block from excessive
wear.
To form the various sizes of blocks required, and yet to utilize the
lower block, rings, or segments D, D, of the desired form, either solid,
split, or in sections or pieces are or may be introduced and formed of a
conical or other shape to fit the lower block so as to shape the blank to
the desired form. For facility in getting out the blank holes are mada
in these sectional rings, or lugs, or studs projecting out from the extreme
diameter of the ring. The hammer block E, E, is made circular or of
any other desired form to suit the anvil block, or rings or segments
either plain or with a projection on the face to form an indent for the.
hole. When the hammer comes in contact with the pile which has been.
put into the lower block, rings, or segments D, D, the iron is compressed
and condensed, being confined within the blocks, and when hammered
or compressed to the requisite thickness the blank F (sec' Fig. 3 is lifted,
out with the ring D, D, by a link or a shackle J, J, on either side of the
hammer block loosely coupled into the lugs, studs, or holes in the
hammer blocks and rings. To prevent the ring lifting at cach blow of
the hammer loose pins K, K, slide through lugs on the bottom block;
into the holes of the ring; these are withdrawn when the ring D, D,
with the formed blank F, F, is lifted up by the hammer block being
raised in the ordinary way. A loose ring G, G, thicker or deeper than
the outer ring is then put into the lower block A, A, upon which the:
blank F, F, is lowered. The links or shackles J, J, are then removed,.
and the weight of the hammer block presses the outer, ring D, D, into.
the bottom block A, A, leaving the blank F, F, resting on the loose
thick ring G, G, above mentioned. If a hole is required, as for tyres or
hoops, a punch H, H, (see Fig. 4) is put in the blank; and the web of:
iron left at the bottom of the indent is punched out by the weight of the.

page_text: And, Secondly. I claim the novel and peculiar construction and
arrangement of apparatus for forging or manufacturing such articles as
herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawing annexed.
In witness whercof, I, the said Thomas Ashbury, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
Witnessed by,
GEORGE DAVIES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
THOMAS ASHBURY. (L.S.)