IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACQUES
FRANÇOIS PINEL, of Lyons, in the Kingdom of France, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Ier
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the First day of December
(One thousand eight hundred and forty-six), in the tenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Jacques Francois Pinel, my exors, adññors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Jacques Francois
Pinel, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jacques
Francois Pinel, my exors, adññors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Jacques Francois Pincl,
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,"
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Jacques Francois Pinel, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention consists, first, of a peculiar means of causing currents of air
to pass between the stones or surfaces used for grinding in such manner that
the various currents of air (collected above and conducted down by tubes with
enlarged upper ends), are introduced just beyond the eye in the centre of the
running stone by the lowerends of the tubes in a direction to flow off towards
the circumference of the stones or surfaces, the ground product being thereby
propelled outwards, and the grinding surfaces are kept cool; and I would
at the outset state that I am aware that apparatus has before been proposed
to be employed very similar to that used by me, but applied to the running
stone in a different manner to that resorted to by me, and on such difference
the beneficial working of the apparatus, when according to my Invention, will
ho found to donond
Figure 1 shows a section of two stones for grinding wheat and other grain,
A being the lower stone, and B the running stone, which are of the ordinary
construction, and are driven in the ordinary manner.
ordinary manner. The eye of the stone is
kept open and the feeding is in the ordinary manner. C, C, C, C, C, are
five tubes (but this number may be varied), with enlarged or funnelled upper
ends, as is shown, the object of which is that as they revolve with the running
stone the air will be collected and driven through the tubes C with considerable
velocity; these enlarged ends 1 prefer should be fixed as far from the centre of
the stone as possible, so that they may perform in as large a circle as may be.
The diameter of these tubes decreases, and they descend through the stone
near the open eye, the eye being grooved to receive such tubes, the grooves being
afterwards filled up. The lower end of each of the tubes C is turned out-
wards, so that the direction of the streams of air issuing from the tubes C will
be in a direction from the centre of the running stone outwards, and there will
not by this arrangement be a tendency of the air to fly back through the open
eye of the stone in place of passing between the grinding surfaces in a direction
from the eye outwards. And I would state that the similarity of this appa-
ratus to what has before been proposed, is in respect to the tubes C having
funnel or enlarged heads, in other respects the apparatus is not similar either

page_text: in the placing of the enlarged heads of the tubes nor in the manner in which
the smaller end of the tubes conduct the streams of air so obtained. In tho
case before mentioned the air was not conducted by each tube down between
the running surfaces of the stones, nor were the streams of air emitted in a
direction from the centre of the stone outwards. And it is the applying
apparatus or tubes C in the manner above described, so as to conduct the air
between the stones, and so that the air will be directed outwards which con-
stitutes the first part of my Invention.
The second part of my Invention consists of an apparatus for separating the
moisture from the ground product, and for allowing the pressure of air from
the stones passing off. D is a tube connected to the shoot E, and opening
into it. On the tube D is fixed a receiver or vessel F, and G is a pipe which
drops into the vessel or receiver F. At the upper part of the pipe G is placed
a ventilator. The effect of using this apparatus is that the moisture from the
ground product passes up the pipe G, and is condensed and accumulates in
the receiver F, and it is to be removed from time to time. And it is the
application of this apparatus as described which constitutes the second part of
my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacques François Pinel, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
JACQUES FRAN (L.S.) COIS PINEL.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of June, in the year
of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Jacques Francois Pinel came before our said
5 Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the First day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand