Improvements in Screw Cutting and other Lathes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 30th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Screw Cutting and other Lathes.
We, JOHN CANNADINE, of 355 New Cross Road, New Cross, in the County of
Kent, Brassfounder, and WILLIAM JOHN HODGE, of 37 Laurie Grove, New
Cross, in the County of Kent, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a means for enabling the operator to
have complete control over the lathe while in motion, whereby a great saving of
time is effected, greater certainty and accuracy in work is acquired, at the same
time the operator is free to watch the progress of the work in the lathe, without
the necessity of his time and attention being taken up in adjusting or altering the
gearing as in the usual way.
In order to carry out this our invention, we provide in front of the lathe, a
bracket having a bearing or hearings, in which revolves a spindle carrying a toothed
wheel which gears into the toothed wheel on the mandril of the lathe, which is
actuated by the back gear. This spindle is arranged so as to allow the toothed
wheels to be thrown in or out of gear.
At the other end of the spindle we fix a mitre wheel, which gears into a second
mitre wheel in front of the bracket aforesaid. This mitre wheel is actuated by a
handle, or similar means.
This gearing may be actuated in the case of lathes driven by steam or other
power, by the same power which drives the lathe.
By actuating the handle, motion is imparted in either direction to the toothed
wheel on the mandril of the lathe, by means of the mitre wheels and through the
toothed wheel to the back gearing and leading screw of the lathe, so that adjust-
ment is effected as required.
Dated this 20th day of June 1893.
JOHN CANNADINE.
WILLIAM JOHN HODGE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Screw Cutting and other Lathes.
We, JOHN CANNADINE, 353 & 355 New Cross Road, New Cross, in the County
of Kent, Brass Founder, and WILLIAM JOHN HODGE, 37 Laurie Grove, New
Cross, in the County of Kent, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide a means for enabling the operator to
have complete control over the lathe while in motion, whereby a great saving of
time is effected, greater certainty and accuracy in work is acquired, and at the
same time the operator is free to watch the progress of the work in the lathe,
without the necessity of his attention and time being taken up in adjusting or
altering the gearing as in the usual way.
In order to carry out this our invention, we provide in front of the lathe, a
bracket having a bearing or bearings, in which revolves a spindle carrying a
toothed wheel on one end which gears into the toothed wheel on the mandril of the
lathe, which is actuated by the back gear.
This spindle is arranged so as to allow the toothed wheels to be thrown in or out
of gear.

page_text: At the other end of the spindle we fix a mitre or bevil wheel, which gears into a
second mitre or bevil wheel, in front of the bracket aforesaid, this bevil wheel is
actuated by a handle or similar means.
This gearing may be actuated in the case of lathes driven by steam or other
power, by the same power which drives the lathe.
By actuating the handle, motion is imparted in either direction to the toothed
wheel on the mandril of the lathe, by means of the mitre or bevil wheels, and
through the toothed wheel to the back gearing and leading screw of the lathe so
that adjustment is effected as required.
In the ordinary plan much time is often lost in adjusting the cutting tool, as for
instance, in cutting a screw having 9 threads to the inch, the usual method is to put
a leading mark on the headstock and mandril wheel, a leading mark also on the
leading screw, and a check mark on the screw bracket at the same time as guiding
points. Then, to drop the locking nut in its place, it is necessary to revolve the
mandril several times before the guiding points are in their proper position opposite
to each other.
This obviously takes considerable time, and is very uncertain and inconvenient
in many ways.
Our invention entirely supersedes this cumbersome and inconvenient
mode of adjustment, besides giving complete and immediate control and certainty
of action to the operator. It also does away with the necessity of disengaging the
locking nut from the leading screw every time a fresh cut is taken with the tool
and at the same time provides a quick reverse action to the carriage or saddle and
Blide rest.
In order that our invention may be better understood we will proceed to describe
the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1. represents a front view of the bracket and gearing, Fig. 2. a side elevation,
and Fig. 3. a plan of the same.
The same letters refer to the same parts in the several views shewn by Figs. 1, 2,
and 3, A being the headstock of a lathe, B the spur wheel of the back gear, Ca
bracket bolted to the headstock, D D, bevil wheels actuating the spindle E. This
spindle drives the toothed wheel F which gears into the toothed wheel B on the
mandril of the lathe. This toothed wheel F may be thrown out of gear
when the apparatus is not required, by sliding the spindle E as shewn by dotted
lines at G. The motion of the bevil wheels D D, is actuated by a disc H having
radial arms, fixed by screws or otherwise to the bevil wheel D, in such a way that
it can be easily removed when not in use.
The radial arms are within reach of the operator, and are moved in either
direction as required, and on one of the arms is provided a sliding handle J,
adjustable to any radius to allow for fast or slow motion, according to the kind of
work in hand.
By turning the radial arms, motion is communicated through the bevil
wheels D D, and toothed wheel to the train wheels which actuate the leading
screw of the lathe, causing the carriage or saddle and slide rest to move in the
required direction to the greatest nicety of adjustment.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 represent a modification of the same device as applied to the
back gear of a lathe, if so required, in which a represents the headstock, b, the
toothed wheel on the mandril of the lathe c, c are bracket bearings bolted on
the headstock, or when applied to new lathes may be cast on solid with the head-
stock. d. d arc "Manchester" wheels (or bevil wheels may be used if more
convenient) being fixed on to the spindle or shaft of the back gear and actuating
the same.
e is the spindle revolving in the bracket bearings c. c. and communicating
motion to the Manchester wheels by means of the disc with radial arms h, and
sliding handle, which is similar in detail to the disc and arms shewn in Figs. 2
and 3, and which can likewise be easily detached and removed when not required.
The train wheels and leading screw of the lathe are actuated in the same manner
as in Figs. 1. 2 and 3, by means of the radial arms and disc h, through the
Manchester wheels and back gear.

page_text: The wheels d' and f being on the spindle or shaft g, which revolves on eccentric
bearings in the usual way, the whole device can be thrown out of gear by simply
reversing the position of the handle k.
The aforesaid devices and details are applicable to lathes for short or chuck
work. Figs. 7, 8 and 9 shew an adaptation of our invention to lathes where long
work is required, Fig. 7 being a front elevation, Fig. 8 a view across the bed of
the lathe, and Fig. 9 a plan of the lathe and gearing, in which A' represents the
headstock of the lathe, B₁ the spur wheel on the mandril engaging the back gear.
C is a shaft running the whole length of the lathe, having either a groove or
feather along its length, and revolving in brackets D'D' fixed to the lathe bed.
E is a bracket fixed to the slide rest carriage or saddle F having two
bearings G'G', in which revolves a spindle H', actuated by the radial arms J'.
This spindle carries the Manchester wheel K' which is fixed to it and which gears
into another similar wheel Lon the horizontal shaft C'. This wheel L' slides
along the shaft with the slide rest carriage or saddle, and is provided with a bush
which revolves in a bearing attached to the bracket E' aforesaid, and also with a
feather or key way according as may be arranged on the shaft C', thus communi-
cating motion to the said shaft at any part of its length.
A toothed wheel M' is fixed on the shaft at the headstock end, which gears into
an intermediate wheel N', which engages with the toothed wheel B' on the mandril
of the lathe. Thus by turning the handles of the radial arms J' motion is
communicated through the Manchester wheels to the horizontal shaft, and the
toothed wheels, and thence to the train wheels actuating the leading screw O' of
the lathe, in the same manner as described for the other arrangements aforesaid.
By a modification of device, this arrangement can also be adapted to control the
back gear of the lathe as shewn in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.
We do not confine ourselves to any particular arrangement or device in carrying
out our invention, as it will be readily understood that different arrangements will
be required for different lathes, and the objects of our invention may be attained
by other modifications of the arrangements herein described and illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. The provision of gearing and other means for enabling the operator in a screw
cutting or other lathe, to have immediate and complete control and means of
adjustment while manipulating the cutting tool of the lathe, substantially as set
forth and herein described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. The application of this improvement to any form of lathe or similar machine,
substantially as set forth and herein described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 24th day of August 1893.
JOHN CANNADINE,
WILLIAM JOHN HODGE,
Applicants.