Arrangement for Producing Linen-like Damask Ware upon Looms.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 13th Nov., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Arrangement for Producing Linen-like Damask Ware upon Looms.
I, ADOLF LANGER, of Deutsch-Liebau, in the Province of Silesia, German
Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in aud by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to an improved arrangement for producing
damask upon looms worked by hand or by mechanical power.
Many trials have been made to attain a ware similar to that which I propose
to produce according to my invention, but these trials always needed an altera-
tion in the jacquard machine. The object of my invention is to produce damask
ware upon an ordinary jacquard machine by merely slightly, and in a simple
manner, altering the harness. My process offers the advantage that it can be
executed upon looms of every system.
My invention will be more fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawing, in which:
A and B illustrate the principle of damask weaving.
A represents the pattern which without ground binding is transmitted to the
cards, each warp line is supposed to be a jack. In the jacquard machine each
jack lifting 4 warp threads, the picture in the web is enlarged four times, as
illustrated in the drawing B. In order to cqual the picture the machine must lift
four times the same shed. The arrangement of the ground binding within the
card being impossible, there would not be any binding of the picks, that is to
say the threads could not be connected together and a formation of web would
not be possible. In order to attain this formation of web, that is to say to lift
from the lower shed or to sink from the upper shed threads corresponding to
the binding an arrangement is necessary by means of which this effect can be
attained. It is not difficult at all to lift the binding threads from the lower
shed, this lifting being executed in known manner by means of the lifting
shafts but the sinking of the threads lifted by the jacquard machine is a difficult
problem which can be solved by my invention.
Reference is to be had to Figures 1-3 of the accompanying drawings, in
which my invention is illustrated diagrammatically.
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of my arrangement,
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the arrangement as per Figure 1,
Figure 3 shows a modified form of execution of the same.
As can be seen from Figures 1-3 Ph and Pt illustrate the figure
jacks, T T T etc. . . . are the sinking shafts of the assistant harness. H¹H'
Ꮋ . illustrate the lifting shafts. ¤¹Œ¹……Н are assistant lifting
shafts. So Su Sh are harness boards, the first two of which are placed oppositely
to each other and form the principal harness, whilst the latter is arranged aside
So Su and forms the additional harness. ab are the lifting threads, & the holding
с

page_text: threads attached to the sinking shafts T¹ TT3. The lifting thread a, Figure 1,
passes through the harness board So to the point a' where it is rigidly attached
to the holding thread c. At o both threads are united and pass through the
lower harness board Su to the heddles The weights m, Fig. 2 exert an equal
tension upon all of the thread angles, each angle amounting to about 120°.
All of the holding threads pass through the harness board Sh forming the
additional harness, thereby being guided in a correct manner; they are attached
to the sinking shafts TT.
By means of this additional harness forming the main feature of my invention
it is possible at wish to lift the threads in order to form a shed, to sink them
again and to lift some other threads for binding purposes.
The working of this arrangement with respect to Figure 1 is the following:
Each figure jack of the jacquard machine carries several, and according to
Figure 1 four threads. For the sake of clearness let us follow the movement
of one thread only and suppose that the movement of the jack and that of the
different shafts do not take place simultaneously but one after the other. Then
it is evident that when the figure jack Ph is lifted by the stroke of the jacquard
machine, the thread c will swing round the point o and adopt the position e¹,
in which the point of is brought to o. This movement will cause the heddle
of the lifting shaft, say H, to rise and form an upper shed, whereas the lifting
shaft will remain in its position. Now the corresponding sinking shaft Ts is
caused to move downwards in consequence of which the point o will swing
round and adopt the position o³, so that the thread angle between the threads a¹¹
will be stretched and the heddle of the shaft H³ will be again lowered.
Now since each jack lifts simultaneously several threads by each stroke of
the jacquard machine, a corresponding number of threads will be lifted.
From the foregoing explanation it will be understood that by the simple
arrangement of the additional harness any of the threads can be brought to sink
independently from each other.
1
When the warp threads are led through, a ground binding is necessary in
order to form the web. For this purpose one of the lifting shafts belonging
to another thread combination, as per example the lifting shaft H, is lifted
from its normal position by the operation of H¹ being one of the assistant
shafts.
As it will be understood, this operation is quite independent from the working
of the jacquard machine.
The movement of the lifting and that of the sinking shafts belonging to one
thread combination as for example the lifting shafts H-H8 and the sinking
shafts T-T are not carried out simultaneously, but according to the ground
binding in such a manner, that one of the lifting shafts of another thread com-
bination as of H-H and T-T is lifted during the operation of the sinking
shafts of the first thread combination.
All three movements, viz. the movement of a figure jack, that of the corre-
sponding sinking shafts and that of a lifting shaft of another thread combination
are carried out simultaneously.
The modified form illustrated in Figure 3 only differs from Figure 1 by the
fact that it can he considered as a reversed arrangement being similar to the
first one.
In this modified form the threads and are connected with the
thread cat o between the harness boards So Su in such a manner that during
the stroke of the jacquard machine a thread angle and an upper shed a¹¹ is
attained. The working of this modified arrangement is similar to that first
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
An arrangement for producing damaak weh characterized b
separat

page_text: harness board, lifting threads ab attached to the sinking shafts by means of
holding threads c, so that a lifting and sinking of the threads is possible for the
purpose of forming the ground binding, substantially as described
Dated this 13th day of November 1899.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.