IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EARTHENWARE AND OTHER PIPES, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Forster Cotterill. at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,, on the 26th
June 1866.
I, CHARLES FORSTER COTTERILL, of Cannock, in the County of Stafford;.
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said: Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EARTHENWARE AND OTHER PIPES, AND IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE," to be as follows:-
My improvements in the manufacture of earthenware and other pipes relate
to such pipes as are made double and. in segments, that is, pipes which consist
of two concentric pipes one within the other, made by being built up of
segmental pieces. The said pipes are usually made of earthenware and are
principally used for conveying water and sewage.
My improvements in the manufacture of the said pipes consist in making
the segmental pieces much thinner than usual, and filling up the space between
the inner and outer pipes with cement so as to consolidate the whole into one
compact mass instead of leaving the space between the two pipes empty. On
each of the segments composing the inner pipe I make two projecting
transverse ribs, which, when the segments are put together constitute two
rings on the inner pipe, upon which the segments constituting the outer pipe
are supported at the required distances from the inner pipe. The outer

page_text: segments are so arranged with respect to the inner ones that they break joint,
that is, the junctions of the outer segments are not opposite the junctions of
the inner segments. In that segment of the outer pipe which is uppermost
one or more holes are made, through which the cement for filling the space
between the pipes is poured. The cement is prevented from running
out from between the pipes by means of the rings described. Although
two concentric pipes with cement between them are sufficiently strong
for general purposes, yet where extraordinary strength is required three
or more concentric pipes with cement between them may be employed.
I prefer to dip the segments after they are taken from the kiln in which
they are burned, and while they are still hot, in a composition made of
six parts by weight of pitch, two parts by weight of gas tar, one part by
weight of plaster of Paris, and three parts by weight of sand, the said
composition being melted. The said dipping closes any fissures or cracks that
may be in the segments, and facilitates the adhesion of the filling cement
thereto. The cement with which I fill the space between the two concentric
pipes is composed of six parts by weight of pitch, one of gas tar, one of plaster
of Paris, and ten of sand. Instead of making transverse ribs on each inner
segment, the said segments may be made without ribs, and detached rings
may be placed on the inner pipe to support the outer segments and prevent
the running out of the cement. The dipping in cement for closing fissures or
cracks may be applied to pipes of the ordinary kind as well as to pipes made
in segments.
My improvements in the manufacture of pipes, although especially applicable
to pipes made of earthenware, may also be applied to the manufacture o
pipes made of iron or other material.
My improvements in machinery or apparatus to be employed in th
manufacture of earthenware and other pipes consist of a portable furnace an
pan for melting the composition in which the segments or pipes are dipped a
they are taken from the kiln. The said furnace is mounted on wheels so a
to be readily removed from place to place, and the pan is divided longitudinall
into two compartments, in one of the compartments the dipping of th
segments or pipes in the melted composition is being conducted, while con
position is being melted in the other ready for use when the melted compositio
in the other compartment has been used.