CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN DYEING OR COLORING LOOPED, CUT-PILE, OR 'RAISED' TEXTILE. FABRICS COMPOSED OF COTTON AND SILK
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Preston Worrall, of Ordsall, in the County
of Lancaster, Dyer and Finisher, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DYEING OR COLORING LOOPED, CUT-PILE, OR 'RAISED' TEXTILE.
FABRICS COMPOSED OF COTTON AND SILK."
Sealed the 16th August 1864, and dated the 9th March 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Preston Worrall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on.
the 9th March 1864.
I, JAMES PRESTON WORRALL, of Ordsall, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer
and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING OR COLORING LOOPED, CUT-PILE, OR 'RAISED' TEXTILE
FABRICS COMPOSED OF COTTON AND SILK," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the dyeing or coloring of that description of textile
fabrics solely composed of cotton and silk, and commonly made in looped, cut-
pile, or "raised goods, the cotton forming the back and the silk the face of
the fabric.
The improvements consist in preparing the silk and cotton fabric with a
solution of any of the salts of tannin, such as tannate of tin, or other base,
and then submitting it to the ordinary process of dyeing by the well-known
colors obtained from aniline, napthaline, nitro-benzine, or analogous substances,
cochineal, or archil, et cetera, that is to say, the fabric may be passed through
a solution or mordant of tannic acid, and then through a solution of any salt

page_text: of tin, copper, antimony, or other base which will with tannin form in the
fabric an insoluble salt, the ordinary method of dyeing with the aforesaid
colors may then be adopted. Or the fabric may be prepared with a solution
of stannate of soda, then passed through an acid solution to fix the soda, and
afterwards treated with taunin, and dyed as aforesaid; or the fabric may be
treated on the same principle by the process known as "padding," the object
being to fix the tannin (which has the great affinity for the coloring matter)
in the fabric by means of the bases, by which means the coloring matter is
caused to permeate the fabric thoroughly, and to color the cotton as well as
the silk, which combination of materials (cotton and silk) has not bitherto
been submitted to such treatment.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Preston Worrall in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th August 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
PRESTON WORRALL, of Ordsall, in the County of Lancaster, Dyer and Finisher,.
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Preston Worrall, Her special license that I, the said
James Preston Worrall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Preston Worrall, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention 'for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING OR COLOURING LOOPED, CUT-PILE, OR 'RAISED"
TEXTILE FABRICS COMPOSED OF COTTON AND SILK," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James Preston Worrall, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Preston Worrall, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
This Invention relates to the dyeing or coloring of that description of textile
fabrics solely as are composed of cotton and silk, and commonly male in
looped, cut-pile, or "raised " goods, the cotton forming the back and the silk
the face of the fabric.
The improvements consist in preparing the silk and cotton fabric with a
solution of any of the salts of tannin, such as tannate of tin, or other base,
and then submitting it to the ordinary process of dyeing by the well-known
colors obtained from aniline, napthaline, nitro-benzine, or analogous substances,
cochineal, or archil, et cetera, that is to say, the fabric may be passed through
a solution or mordant of tannin, and then through a solution of any salt of tin,
copper, antimony, or other base which will with tannin form in the fabric an
insoluble salt, the ordinary method of dyeing with the aforesaid colors may
then be adopted. Or the fabric may be prepared with a solution of stannate
of soda, then passed through an acid solution to fix the tin, and afterwards
treated with tannin, and dyed as aforesaid; or the fabric may be treated on
the same principle by the process known as "padding," the object being to
fix the tannin (which has the great affinity for the coloring matter) in the
fabric by means of the bases, by which means the coloring matter is caused to
permeate the fabric thoroughly, and to color the cotton as well as the silk,
which combination of materials (cotton and silk) has not hitherto been
submitted to such treatment.
I would remark that the proportions of the materials used are capable of
considerable variation, but for ordinary purposes the following will be found
available:-Mordaunt the fabric in a solution of stannate of soda at six
degrees Twaddle, and fix with a solution of acid (sulphuric preferred) at two
degrees Twaddle, wash off and pass the fabric through a solution of tannin
four ounces to five or six gallons of water; or by another method thoroughly
permeate the cloth with a solution of tannin, four ounces to five or six gallons
of water, and pass it through a solution of muriate of tin or other base about
the proportion of one gill to five gallons of water.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be distinctly understood that
I claim,―
First, the dyeing or coloring of looped, cut-pile, or "raised" fabrics com-
posed of cotton and silk, by the use of a solution or mordaunt of any of the

page_text: salts of tannin, or any combination thereof, which will form an insoluble salt in
the fabric preparatory and previously to submitting the said fabrics to the
ordinary process of dyeing with colors obtained from aniline, napthaline, and
analogous substances.
Secondly, I claim the preparation of the fabric with stannate of soda and 5
acid previously to the application of the tannin.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Preston Worrall, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES,
Office for Patents,
4, St. Ann's Sq°,
Manchester.
J. PRESTON WORRALL. (L.S.)