IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LIQUORICE, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Smith, of No. 5, Fell Street, in the City of
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
LIQUORICE, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 8th December 1863, and dated the 24th June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th June 1863.
'T, SAMUEL SMITH, of No. 5, Fell Street, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF. LIQUORICE, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
be as follows:-
to
Liquorice as prepared for sale is generally formed into bars of considerable
thickness, and considerable difficulty and loss are often experienced by the
consumer in breaking such bars into fragments or small portions for use, and
the object of my improvements is to remove or reduce these disadvantages by
perforating or indenting such bars in positions that will facilitate the ready
breaking or separation of the liquorice into fragments or pieces of convenient
size. The perforations may be effected by series of points, pins, or studs,
passed through the liquorice at the positions' desired, or knife edges, or string,
or wire may be employed to produce partial separation by indentation for the
same purpose.

page_text: By an arrangement of apparatus according to my Invention the material
to be perforated or indented is placed so as to be held between a pair of
plates which are perforated to admit of the points or surfaces for producing the
desired perforations or indentations passing through them. These points or
surfaces are applied to a sliding carrier, guided so that in its motion the points
or other suitable surfaces may pass into or through the material to be operated
upon. The holding plates may be flat, curved, or of other form adapted to the
material to be operated upon.
In some cases a perforated plate may simply slide on the points or other
surfaces employed for the purpose of readily clearing or liberating the material
after effecting a series of perforations or indentations.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
SMITH, of No. 5, Fell Street, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Samuel Smith, Her special licence that I, the said Samuel Smith, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF LIQUORICE, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Smith, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Smith, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be. particularly described and ascertained in and by, the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-.
Liquorice as prepared for sale is generally formed into bars of considerable
thickness, and considerable difficulty and loss are often experienced by the
consumer in breaking such bars into fragments or small portions. for use.
The object of my improvements is to remove or reduce these disadvantages
by perforating or indenting such bars in positions that will facilitate the ready
breaking or separation of the liquorice into fragments or pieces of con-
venient size.
...
By an arrangement of apparatus according to my Invention the material to
be perforated or indented is placed .so as to be held between a pair of, plates
which are perforated to admit of the points or surfaces for producing. the
desired perforations or indentations passing through them. These points or
surfaces are applied to a sliding carrier, guided so that in. its motion the points
or other suitable surfaces may pass, into or through the material to be operated
upon. The holding plates, may be flat; curved, or of other form, adapted to the
material to be operated upon.
**
:: .
Such being the nature of my Invention, I will, by the aid of the accompany-
ing Drawings, proceed to describe the means; for carrying the same; into
effect.
1.
1.
:
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
:
Figure 1 shows a front view, Figure 2 a side view, and Figure 3 a sectional
plan of apparatus arranged according to my Invention.....Other--Figures show
some of the parts separately. In all the Figures the same letters wherever
they occur are employed to indicate corresponding parts.d.
a, a, is the main framing of the apparatus. The liquorice is acted upon
when in a plastic state, and by preference when placed in receivers or boxes
of the form desired to be given to the liquorice; b shows one of such receivers
in its place in the apparatus, and Figures 4 and 5.show a side view and a
section of it as it would appear when the liquorice is placed therein ready for
the operation of piercing; Figure 6 shows an internal view of the lower
portion of this receiver, and Figure 7 an internal view of the upper portion
of it. The lower part (1) of this receiver is formed with projections (3), (3),
which when the two parts of the receiver are together fit into the recesses
(4), (4), in the upper part (2), and thereby preserve the correct relation of

page_text: the two parts, leaving a cavity c between them, in which is placed the liquorice
to be acted upon. (5), (5), are a series of perforations, by passing points
through which when liquorice is in the cavity c corresponding perforations will
be made in such liquorice. The receivers containing the liquorice to be
perforated I place in the stationary holder d, affixed to the framing a, and so
that when so placed they may be held between the spring stops e, e, when the
perforations in the receivers will be coincident with similar perforations in the
upper plate d¹ of the holder d, by which the lower ends of points fare kept
correctly spaced. These points fare set in a plate f¹, attached to the plate f*,
which is attached to the bar f³, and this bar is formed with slots f* to receive
pins f from the framing a, by which, whilst it is held to the framing a, it is
capable of sliding up and down thereon to cause the points f to pass through
the liquorice, and is at the same time controlled in its movements. The up-
and-down motion to the bar f is obtained in the arrangement shown by a
lever handle g, the outer end of which is for convenience of the Drawing
shown broken off, but it may be of any length desired. This lever handle
turns upon the fixed axis g¹, and at its end g' it passes through an opening in
the bar fs, by which when movement is given to the lever handle g corre-
sponding movement will be given to the bar f³, and to the series of points f, as
indicated by red lines in Figure 2. The interior of the cavity c in the receiver b
may be formed with letters, figures, or other devices, which will then be
communicated to the liquorice. The number, order, and form of the
perforators may be varied, as may also the method of giving motion to
them and of holding the liquorice to be perforated. In place of perfora-
tions through the liquorice by limiting the extent of motion of the pins f
or other surfaces employed to effect impression, indentations only may be
obtained.
Figures 8 and 9 show an under side view and an end view of the plate f¹
with its pins f.
In some cases, in lieu of the pins and perforated plate above described, it
will be obvious that a thin plate or other cutting or dividing line may be
employed for the purpose of partial separation or indentation.
Having now "described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
claim as of my Invention or the exclusive use of perforating apparatus except
when the same is employed for the purposes of my Invention; but what
I claim is,
First, the manufacture of liquorice with perforations or indentations

page_text: therein to facilitate the subsequent separation or division thereof, as above
described.
Secondly, the construction of apparatus adapted and arranged for effecting
such partial perforation or indentation of liquorice.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Smith, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
SAM SMITH. (L.S.)