Year: 1888

page_text: 1, EMILE ARMET DE LISLE of No. 23, Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France,
Director do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of a decolorizing vegetable black from
ligneous substances, such as wood, bark, and the like.
For manufacturing this black from wood or bark, the vegetable matter is first
reduced to a fine powder by any suitable means, and is then heated to redness in a
closed receptacle after having added thereto about from 15 to 20 per cent. of lime.
1 utilize with advantage for the above purpose the powdered residues of quinquina
or Peruvian bark from which quinine as been extracted, which residues already
contain the necessary percentage of lime, this having been added in the process for
the extraction of the quinine.
The roasted material is cooled down either in the closed vessel or, preferably, by
throwing it into water while still hot. To this water is then added hydrochloric acid
for dissolving the lime salts. When the cooling is effected in the closed vessels in
which the material was heated, the carbonaceous powder is afterwards treated with
dilute hydrochloric acid.
The powder is then washed in a copious supply of water.
The vegetable black obtained by the above process has a decolorizing power
greatly exceeding that of animal charcoat, and, unlike the latter, it contains no calcarious
salts and is perfectly pure.
For carrying out the above described manufacture of vegetable black, any suitable
construction of furnace for heating the closed vessels containing the pulverised
material to the required degree may be used, but by preference I employ a furnace
of the following construction. A brickwork chamber, heated by an ordinary fire grate,
has, passing through it an iron retort or muffle placed on an incline, the ends being
situated outside the furnace and closed hermetically by covers. The material is
introduced into metal cylinders which are by preference perforated for allowing the
free discharge of the gases that are generated by the heating.

page_text: These cylinders are introduced at the upper end of the retort, which is then closed
and heated to the required degree by the furnace. The more or less combustible
gases that pass from the contents of the cylinders into the retort, are led thence
through a pipe into the furnace, where they are consumed.
When the cylinders have been subjected to heat for the requisite length of time, the
door at the lower end of the retort is opened, and the cylinders then fall from the
latter into a tank filled with water which is placed immediately below the same. When
the contents of the cylinders are sufficiently cooled, the water is run off and the
material is removed from the cylinders through a water-tight door at the bottom of
the tank; this is also provided with a tray or loose bottom that can be raised up with
the empty cylinders to the top of the tank.
The above described furnace may also be used for reburning the vegetable black
after it has been used for decolorizing purposes.
n
11 1
1
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Manufacture of a Vegetable Black for Decolorizing Purposes and
Apparatus therefor.
I, EMILE ARMET DE LISLE of No. 23 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, France,
Director do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of a decolorizing vegetable black from
ligneous substances, such as wood, bark, and the like.
For manufacturing this black from wood or bark, the vegetable matter is first
reduced to a fine powder by any suitable means, and is then heated to redness in a
closed receptacle after having added thereto about from 15 to 20 per cent. of
lime.
I utilize with advantage for the above purpose the powdered residues of quinquina
or Peruvian bark from which quinine has been extracted, which residues already
contain the necessary percentage of lime, this having been added in the process for
the extraction of the quinine.
The roasted material is cooled down either in the closed vessel or, preferably, by
throwing it into water while still hot. To this water is then added hydrochloric acid
for dissolving the lime salts. When the cooling is effected in the closed vessels in
which the material was heated, the carbonaceous powder is afterwards treated with
dilute hydrochloric acid.
The powder is then washed in a copious supply of water.
The vegetable black obtained by the above process has a decolorizing power greatly
exceeding that of animal charcoal, and, unlike the latter, it contains no calcareous salts
and is perfectly pure.
For carrying out the above described manufacture of vegetable black, any suitable
construction of furnace for heating the closed vessels containing the pulverised
material to the required degree may be used.
The accompanying drawing shews a construction of apparatus suitable for the
purpose. Fig. 1 shews a vertical section and Fig. 2 shews a cross section of the
retort.
The apparatus consists of an ordinary furnace, through which passes a slightly
inclined retort A of cast iron, the ends passing through the furnace walls being
heremetically closed by removeable covers B. At the front, higher, end it is provided
with a pipe C for conducting away the gases that are given off by the carbonising
process. In the case where the residues of Peruvian bark are treated, these gases
are mostly produced from the Shiste oil which has been used for the extraction of
quinine; these gases may be led by a pipe t to the space above the fire grate where
they are consumed.
The material to be calcined is introduced into sheet iron cylinders D, which are
placed in the retort A. These cylinders are by preference perforated in order to
facilitate the discharge of the gases evolved from their contents.

page_text: When the carbonising process is completed, the cover at the lower end of the retort
is opened so as to allow the cylinders to fall out into a tank E filled with water. This
tank has a discharge pipe for emptying it of water and a door F for removing the
contents of the cylinders, the latter, when empty, being raised up by means of a
loose bottom G.
This construction of furnace may also be used for regenerating the vegetable black
after it has been used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :
1-An improved manufacture of vegetable decolorizing black obtained by the
carbonisation of powdered ligneous matter with an admixture of lime, inside a closed
vessel, substantially as herein described.
2-The manufacture of vegetable black, such as is referred to in the preceding
claim from quinquina or Peruvian bark.
3-The use for carrying out the manufacture referred to in the preceding claims,
of carbonising apparatus constructed and operating substantially as herein described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 8th day of March 1889.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.