Improvements in or relating to the Hearths of Domestic and other Fire-places.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 25th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 5th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Hearths of Domestic and other
Fire-places.
JOHN WILSON Stone and Brick Builder 3 Whitevale Street Dennistoun Glasgow,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Composed of one cast iron cantilever laid across the wall below each jamb, and
according to size of fireplace. When built on, place across a front plate also of
cast iron, and bolt properly. Place a false bottom on below, and fill the whole space,
up to top of metals, with concrete, composed of broken fire brick five parts, best
Portland cement two parts, and fresh river or pit sand two parts, all properly mixed;
and in a few days, withdraw false bottom. It will be seen that there is space on
top of concrete for either Arbroath hearths, or tiles, as required by architect or
proprietor.
Improvements in or relating to the Hearths of Domestic and other
Fire-places.
I, JOHN WILSON, Stone and Brick Builder, of 3 Whitevale Street, Dennistoun,
Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
two Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say -
Composed of one cast iron cantilever laid across the wall below each "jamb," and
according to size of fireplace. When built on, place across a front plate also of
cast iron, and bolt properly. Place a false bottom on below, and fill the whole space
up to top of metals with concrete, composed of broken fire brick five parts, best
Portland cement two parts, and fresh river or pit sand two parts, all properly mixed;
and in a few days, withdraw false bottom. It will be seen that there is space on
top of concrete for either Arbroath hearths or tiles as required by architect or
proprietor.
ADVINTER

page_text: 2nd. No boarding is required below hearth, and this is a frequent source
of fire.
3rd. There is no arching with brick from joists to wall, so that no strain, whatever,
is laid upon second joist from wall which with the arch often bends and ruins both
floor and ceiling and it is also apt to press out the wall, in which case down go both
arching and hearth, but by this invention the cantilevers tend to strengthen the wall,
and fire from hearths or hearth bridles is impossible.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood I have hereunto appended
two explanatory Sheets of Drawings in which the saine reference letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts. in all the Figures where shown. Figures 1 and 2 on
Sheet are a transverse sectional elevation and sectional plan respectively, each
taken on the lines 1-1 and 2--2 on the other, of a single fire place A, shown as
formed in the end or gable wall B of a house, all constructed in accordance with my
improvements and with my new fittings, but in Figure 2 the concrete A and hearth
slab A over it are indicated as not fitted in for the purpose of showing my new
supporting iron work. Figure 3 is a plan of one of the new overhanging cast iron
beams or cantilevers a, a¹; and Figure 4, is a corresponding sectional plan taken on
the line 3-3 Figure 5 to show the ribs and feathers of the hollow box part: a
which support the stone side "jambs" A¹ of the fireplace A, being that corresponding
to the right hand side of the fireplace in Figure 2, but to a larger scale: While
Figure 5 shows an outside elevation and an inside elevation respectively of these new
cantilevers a, a, corresponding to Figures 3 and 4, a being the overhanging part
of the cantilever. And Figure 6 shows a sectional elevation and plan of the angle
iron beam b securing the outer ends a¹ of these beams «t, a¹, for carrying the over-
hanging end of the hearth A2 A3. Figure 7 shows a plan of my Improvements as
applied to two fire-places A, A, opposite each other, in a mean or thick double wall.
And Figure 8 on Sheet 2 shows a plan of my improvements as applied to two
fire-places A A, in a narrow mean wall, in which they are not able to be formed
opposite each other, but have to be placed alternately on opposite sides close up to
each other.
Referring to Figures 1 to 6, my improvements consist all as follows.--In forming
and erecting an overhanging beam a, a, of cast iron or other metals shown in the
detail Figures 3 to 5 on each side of the fireplace A, fitting or building the box
part a within the wall, so that they will support the two stone side "jambs" A¹, A¹.
supporting the front lintel stone A" of the fireplace and wall B above. The two
overhanging parts of these cantilever beams a a¹, are bolted together by the tie
beam bb, by bolts 61 at their outer ends leaving their vertical projecting webs all
and 6 nearly as high as the box part a, so as to be filled up with concrete A² on a
temporary bottom board under the outer arms a¹, a¹, as at All, preferably to the
level height of the box part a, filling this part also, as indicated at A in Figure 1,
and which concrete may consist of five parts broken fire brick, two parts best
Portland cement, and two parts fresh river or pit sand, all properly mixed together
with a due proportion of water to form a good concrete, and after which wheu quite
hard in the course of a few days the false bottom at A may be removed and a
flagstone A³ inserted over this concrete A² up to the height A' of the floor, when
that is preferred or the concrete may be formed up to the level of the floor.
Projecting flanges and vertical webs are also formed at a², a³, on the outside of
the cantilevers a close inside of the wall B for supporting the ends of the first cut
joist C nearest the wall and keeping it some little distance off the wall, while the
second joist C, passes right across the house in front of the tie beam 6 to support
the flooring A. This arrangement prevents the necessity for supporting the ends
of the first joist C on a saddle piece connecting it to the second joist C, and letting
the end of the saddle piece into the wall B, which frequently came in contact with
the chimneys of other fireplaces indicated at B¹, B', in the wall. This mode of
forming and supporting the hearth A2, A3, on beams a a and b also prevents the
necessity of forming arches in the usual manner under them, which frequently cause

page_text: damage to the joists and walls and to the roofs below when they gave way, and also
enables the lath and plaster of the roof below to be properly secured and applied at
this part A111, as over the rest of the roof and wall.
Referring to the arrangement shown in Figure 7, this is all substantially the same
as described in reference to Figures 1 to 6, except that the beams or cantilevers a, a¹,
are cast and formed in one piece forming the box part a a, double the length in the
centre to support the "jambs" A¹ of both fireplaces A on opposite sides of the wall,
as indicated in section on the right hand side of Figure 7, and otherwise the
fireplaces and hearths are formned substantially the same as in the former Figures 1 to 6
and lettered to correspond.
Referring to the arrangement shown in Figure 8 in which the two fireplaces A A,
are shown close to each other in a narrow wall, the mean centre cantilever beam a a¹
is shown with the box part a the full length of the thickness of the wall B, to support
one "jamb
stone A¹, for both fireplaces A A, and with the outer overhanging
ends a projecting through the wall on opposite sides sufficient to support the adjacent
ends of both hearths A2, A3, while the other end beams ta of both are shown as
formed the same as in Figures 1 to 5, and otherwise the parts are substantially formed
as described in reference to the former Figures and lettered to correspond.
Although in the Drawings the supporting frames a a¹ on each side of the fireplace,
have been shown as cast separate and bolted together by a separate outer angle iron
piece b, b, at 61, it is to be understood that the whole three parts might be cast in
one, when preferred, as for small bedroom fireplaces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion, and in what manner. the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
First. The constructing of domestic or other fireplaces with cast-iron or other
metal cantilevers or overhung frames built into the wall for supporting the hearths,
substantially as and for the advantages herein described, in reference to and shown
in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The herein described method or mode and means of constructing the
hearths of domestic or other fireplaces, consisting in the use of cantilevers or overhung
frames built into the wall supporting a concrete hearth, and with or without Arbroath
hearths or other stoues or tiles fitted above, substantially as and for the advantages
herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.