Apparatus for Treating Textile Materials with Liquids, Gases, or Vapours.
Year: 1885

page_text: Apparatus for Treating Textile Materials with Liquids, Gases,
or Vapours.
I, WILLIAM MATHER, of Salford Iron Works, Manchester in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"APPARATUS FOR TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
to be as follows:-
33
In my Specifications N° 1912 of 1885 and N° 3096 of 1885 I have described
apparatus applicable for steaming, soaking, boiling or dyeing textile materials or
subjecting them to the action of liquids or gases. The apparatus referred to
consists mainly of a vessel like a horizontal boiler arranged with rails to receive
lattice trucks that can be run into it charged with the material to be operated on,
the vessel being tightly closed at its end where the trucks are run in, and supplied
with steam and with the liquors or gases intended to act on the materials in the
trucks. My present invention relates to such a construction of apparatus of this
kind as enables me to ensure very complete and uniform action on all parts of the
material treated, and to abridge the time required and economise the substances
employed for the treatment.
For this purpose, I introduce at the middle of the lattice truck a hollow partition
or chamber having perforated walls and a closed bottom. From the bottom of this
chamber extends downwards a pipe in which is fitted a telescopically sliding nozzle
that is urged downwards against a stop by a spring, and terminates in a flat face.
Along the middle of the lower part of the vessel, between the rails, I lay a pipe
which has its upper face planed flat and level, with a gentle downward slope at the
end of the planed part. When a truck is wheeled into the vessel, its telescopic
nozzle, riding up this slope, is raised in opposition to its spring and then slides
along the level upper face of the pipe until the truck attains its position within
the vessel. When the truck is in this position, the nozzle is over a hole through
the upper side of the pipe, and thus there is a free communication between the
hollow partition in the truck and the pipe, this communication being made good
by the spring pressure forcing the nozzle against the upper face of the pipe. When
the vessel is made to accommodate several trucks, the pipe is made with several
holes, each hole being in a position corresponding with that of the nozzle that comes
above it when the trucks are run into the vessel,

page_text: The trucks being charged with the textile material that is to be operated on
and being run into the vessel which is then closed, the water, liquor, steam, or gas,
that is to act on the textile material, is admitted by suitable nozzles at the upper
part of the vessel, while the pipe at the lower part is open to an outlet or is
connected to the suction of a pump. The fluid is thus caused to penetrate from
without inwards through the mass of material arranged around and above the
central partition chamber, into which it finds its way through the perforations and
from which it passes by the nozzle to the pipe with which it communicates. The
direction of the circulation may be reversed, that is to say, the fluid may be
supplied through the pipe to ascend through the nozzles into the central partition
chambers of the trucks and to pass thence through the textile material from within
outwards.
In order to prevent the lower layers of the textile material in the trucks from
Leing too much compressed by the weight of material piled above them, I place
over successive layers of the material in the trucks lengths of perforated pipe,
which rest at each end on the framing of the truck and aid in supporting the
superincumbent layers, while at the same time they allow passage for the fluid
agent through and into the mass of material on which it has to act.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant..

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Treating Textile Materials with Liquids, Gases,
or Vapours...
I, WILLIAM MATHER, of Salford Iron Works, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In my Specifications N° 1912 of 1885 and N° 3096 of 1885 I have described
apparatus applicable for steaming, soaking, boiling or dyeing textile materials or
subjecting them to the action of liquids or gases. The apparatus referred to
consists mainly of a vessel like, a horizontal boiler arranged with rails to receive
lattice trucks that can be run into it, charged with the material to be operated on,
the vessel being tightly closed at its end where the trucks are run in, and supplied
with steam and with the liquors or gases intended to act on the materials in the
trucks. My present invention relates to such a construction of apparatus of this
kind as enables me to ensure very complete and uniform action on all parts of the
material treated, and to abridge the time required and economise the substances
employed for the treatment.
For this purpose, I construct apparatus such as is shewn in the accompanying
drawing. Fig. 1 being a transverse and Fig. 2 a part longitudinal section. A is
a cylindrical vessel or chamber like a horizontal boiler having fixed in its lower
part rails R R on which trucks T can be run. It has also in its lower part a liquor
pipe L which has its upper side flanged and planed smooth and level, and there
are perforated pipes P P for admitting steam or vapour or gases.
At the upper
part of the vessel there is a crescent casing C with numerous perforations for
admitting liquid to sprinkle the materials in the trucks T. At either end or both
ends of the vessel, there is a door X arranged as a wedge sluice valve to close tightly
when it is lowered. The chamber may be made sufficiently long to contain a row
of the trucks T each of which is framed of open lattice work which may be
enamelled or otherwise coated to provide against soiling the materials which it
contains. In the middle of each truck there is a hollow partition B having its
sides and ends perforated with numerous holes and its bottom closed by a plate
through which passes a telescopically sliding pipe D urged downwards by a
spring S as far as permitted by a stop E which arrests a collar at the top of the
pipe D. The lower end of the pipe D terminates with a boss F which is faced true
and level. At the end of the pipe L there is formed a slope G downwards from its
upper surface such that when a truck is run into the chamber the boss F has to
ride up this slope, rising in opposition to the spring S, and then, as it slides along
the level upper face of L, it is kept by the spring in close contact with it.
certain parts of the pipe L there are openings H through its upper face each of
these openings being so placed as to be exactly under the pipe D of each truck when
it is in position, thus making communication between the pipe L and the interior
of each partition B, the joint between the boss F and the upper face of Ļ being kept
sufficiently tight by the pressure of the spring S.
At

page_text: The material to be treated, whether fibres in the mass or yarns or woven fabrics,
are piled in the trucks T around and over the hollow partition B, and, to prevent
the lower layers from being too much pressed by those above, perforated pipes K
may be laid at various heights and in various positions along the truck their ends
resting on the lattice framing at each end of the truck. Liquor supplied to C will
fill the chamber pass from without inwards through the material in each truck, into
the partition B and thence to the pipe 'L'by which it is run off or withdrawn.
The pipe L may be connected to the suction, and the casing C to the discharge
of a rotary or other pump, which can maintain a circulation of the liquor through
the chamber and through the material in the trucks. When the chamber is
emptied of liquor, steam, vapours or gases can be admitted either by the pipes P
or by the casing C. Also steam can be supplied by the pipes P while a moderate
amount of liquor is admitted by the. apertures of Ċ to sprinkle over the material
and keep it moist, the drainage liquid being withdrawn by the pipe L.
Obviously, when the chamber is full of liquid the direction of the fluid currents
might be inverted, the fluid being supplied by the pipe L rising through the
partition B penetrating the material in the truck from within outwards and being
withdrawn through the casing C.
I am aware that for the treatment of various materials they have been loaded
in trucks and run into tightly.closed chambers to be subjected therein to the action
of fluids; I therefore make no general claim to such mode of treating materials or
to apparatus for that purpose, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is.to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
For treating textile materials with liquids, gases or vapours: In combination
with a chamber A having tightly closing door or doors X, a pipe L flanged and
planed on its upper face, and lattice trucks T with central perforated partitions B
and telescopic pipes D substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
8011
11000