IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR TREATING IRON ORES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Rogers, of Haverstraw, in the County of
Rockland, and State of New York, United States of America, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR TREATING IRON ORES."
Sealed the 19th July 1861, and dated the 81st January 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Rogers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
January 1861.
I, ISAAC ROGERS, of Haverstraw, in the County of Rockland, and State of
New York, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR TREATING IRON ORES," to
be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to deoxydize the iron ore by the use of
carbon while in a heated cylinder that is not only closed to the atmosphere
but also to the flame or heated gases from a reverberatory or other furnace,
by which the said cylinder is heated. I have found practically that by treating
iron ores in this manner in a revolving heated cylinder that is as nearly air-
tight as possible, and then allowing the iron ore in its partially carbonized
state to pass directly into a suitable furnace, that an excellent quality of
wrought iron can be made direct from the ore. My present Invention is an
improvement upon that in my Patent granted on the 20 March 1855, No. 629,
and consists in extending up the hopper from which the ore is delivered to

page_text: the furnace in such a manner as to enclose the end of the revolving heated
cylinder containing the ore and carbon, and cover up the opening in the said
cylinder so that no flame or gases from the furnace can enter the same, and
this opening is covered up and closed so as to retain all the carbonaceous
gases except when the ore is being delivered into the hopper. I also make
use of an escape chimney over the chamber containing the said revolving
heated cylinder, so as to regulate the extent of heat. The ore and carbon are
fed into the said revolving heated cylinder through a hollow journal by means
of a feeding screw.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isaac Rogers in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st
July 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAO
ROGERS, of Haverstraw, in the County of Rockland, and State of New York,
United States of America, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Isaac Rogers, ller special license that I, the said Isaac Rogers,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Isaac Rogers, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES FOR TREATING IRON ORES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Isaac Rogers, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Rogers, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following

page_text: statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of my improved furnace.
"
"
2 is a cross section at the line 1, 1; and
3 is a sectional plan, showing the flues that communicate to the heating
and deoxydizing chamber.
Similar marks of reference denote the same parts.
The nature of my said Invention consists in a peculiar construction of appa-
ratus for deoxydizing iron ores, by means of which the atmosphere is effectually
excluded from the iron while being deoxydized, and a sufficient and regulated
amount of heat applied to the deoxydizing apparatus for producing a com-
bination of the iron with the carbon introduced with the ore, while the oxygen
is driven off and combines with the carbon. By this means I am enabled
practically to manufacture an excellent quality of wrought iron direct from
the ore.
In the Drawing a is the fire chamber of a reverberatory or other furnace;
b is the hearth upon which the iron is melted and puddled; 2, 2, 2, are the
furnace doors; 3 is the escape flue to the chimney c, that is provided with the
damper 4, as usual, either at the top or slidden in from the side; 5, 5, 5, arc
columns supporting the chamber d, that is made of fire-brick or other suitable
material, and surrounds the cylinder e. This cylinder e is supported on jour-
nals 10 and 11, and revolved slowly by the wheel f, or other suitable means.
The journal 11 is hollow, and through it a feeding screw 12 passes, that is
driven by the wheel 13, and feeds into said cylinder from the hopper g a mix-
ture of iron ore and carbon in the proper proportions. The ore and carbon
are passed from one end of the cylinder e to the other by means of the screw-
formed flange 16; and 17 is the outlet for the ore into the hopper i, from
which the ore is delivered into the melting or puddling furnace b by drawing
the slide 19. The cylinder e and contents are heated by the flame and gases
escaping from the furnace 6, and for this purpose I provide the flue 7 running
along on one side of the chamber.d, with openings into said chamber, and
dampers to regulate the admission of heat; and h is a chimney built over
the chamber d, and provided with the damper 15. By the dampers 4, x, and
15, the heat of this chamber d and cylinder e can be regulated with great
accuracy. And in order to observe the heat of said cylinder e (which should
be a dull red), I provide openings with covers at 9, 9. I find that the heat
can be regulated much better by the chimney h placed over the chamber d
than when constructed separately, because the heat will pass off directly by
opening the damper in case too much heat is imparted to the cylinder. It is

page_text: preferable to revolve the cylinder a slowly and deliver a charge into the hopper
i each revolution of sufficient size to make a ball or bloom in the puddling
furnace; and I have found that when the opening 17 is not closed, the flame
from the furnace and the gaseous products of combustion pass into the
cylinder, and the carbonaceous gases escape, thereby materially injuring the
perfect operation of the revolving cylinder in deoxydizing the metallic ores, I
therefore apply the cylindrical shield that proceeds from the upper edge of
the hopper i and encircles the delivery end of the cylinder e; and I also pro-
vide a cover or door ', so that the opening 17 is effectually closed except
when directly over the hopper i, and even in this position no air or gas can
enter, because the slide 19 closes the hopper, and the division 8 extends to the
lower side of the cylinder at the end of the hopper.
By the plan Fig. 3 it will be seen that the flue 7 passes by the hopper i
before opening into the chamber d, which renders it convenient to apply the
shield for the aforesaid purpose. The door or cover i' might be dispensed
with, but I prefer to use the same as set forth, so as to close up the opening
17, except when the ore is being delivered.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,
is,-
First, the combination of a revolving heated cylinder for deoxydizing metallic
ores with a shield or similar device, whereby the atmosphere, flame, or heated
gases are excluded from the deoxydizing cylinder, as set forth.
Second, I claim the flues 7 and chimney h, arranged in the manner spe-
cified, for regulating the heat of the chamber e, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Rogers, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witnesses,
LEMUEL W. SERRELL,
No. 121, Nassau St., New York.
THOS GEO. HAROLD,
No. 121, Nassau St., New York.
ISAAC ROGERS. (L.S.)