Improvements in Machinery for Shearing or Cropping Woven Fabrics.
Year: 1885

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Shearing or Cropping Woven
Fabrics.
We, EDWIN MARTIN of Lindley, Huddersfield Manufacturer, JOHN WILLIAM
JOHNSON of the same place, Finisher, and EDMUND BAMFORD of the same place
Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SHEARING OR CROPPING WOVEN FABRICS to be as follows:-
Our Invention has reference to the cutting bed or that part of the machine
where the cloth passes over the angular bar to be cut.
It is well understood that as at present constructed the apex or cutting edge of
the bar is solid, therefore when a knot or other hard substance is at the back of
the cloth, that such knot causes the surface of the cloth to be elevated or to
stand up, consequently the rotary knife cuts off the elevated part and damages the
piece.
Our Invention is intended to form the cutting bed in this class of machine of a
series of vertical pins, or studs placed side by side and resting upon an india-rubber
or other spring surface so that when a knot is passing over the pins they will yield
and give way to the pressure of the rotary cutter, consequently there will be no
prominent part above the surface of the cloth, and therefore the cutting of cloth in
the manner complained of is avoided.
Instead of the pins resting upon a spring surface, each pin may be surrounded by
a spiral spring, but in either case they are so arranged that one pin moves
independently of the other.
The vertical pins or studs allow of their upper ends being made to any shape
required to suit the cloth.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Shearing or Cropping Woven
Fabrics.
We, EDWIN MARTIN of Lindley, Huddersfield, Manufacturer, JOHN WILLIAM
JOHNSON of the same place Finisher, and EDMUND BAMFORD of the same place,
Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SHEARING OR CROPPING WOVEN FABRICS," and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Our invention has reference to the cutting bed or that part of the machine
where the cloth passes over the angular bar to be cut.
It is well understood that as at present constructed, the apex or cutting edge of
the bar is solid and unyielding, therefore when a knot or other hard substance is at
the back of the cloth, that such knot causes the surface of the cloth to be elevated
or to stand up, consequently the rotary knife cuts off the elevated part and damages
the piece.
Our invention is intended to form the cutting bed in this class of machine of a
series of vertical pins, or studs, placed side by side and resting upon an india-rubber
or other spring surface so that when a knot is passing over the pins they will
yield and give way to the pressure of the rotary cutter, consequently there will be
no prominent part above the surface of the cloth, therefore the cutting of cloth in
the manner complained of is avoided.
Such being the nature and object of our invention, we will now proceed to
describe the same more fully and for that purpose have annexed the accompanying
sheet of drawings illustrative thereof.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is end elevation of an ordinary shearing
machine or "Jerry," but the cutting knife A and cutting bar B are shewn in section
so as to more clearly shew our improvements, which consist of a series of vertical
pins or studs C resting upon an elastic cushion D. The cutting bar is made in two
parts B and B so that the part B¹ can be removed when it is desirable to get at
the pins, or if the upper points of the pins are not true, the removal of the part B¹
renders it easy to get to the elastic cushion, so as to pack it and make the cutting
surface true.
Fig. 2 is front elevation of the pins and cushion, and in order to make clear the
object of our invention, we have shewn the edge of a piece of fabric E passing over
the said pins, such fabric having two knots or projections a on the underside
thereof, which projections it will be seen have pressed down two of the pins,
consequently in such case the rotary knife would pass over the fabric and in no
way damage the cloth.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of one of the pins the upper point of which can be
shaped as required to suit the cloth. If it is found that the working space between
each pin fills up with dust or "fluff" by the friction of the fabric in passing over
them so that they will not rise again after being pushed down by a passing knot,
there may be placed over the pins a sheet of paper or other thin material, in which
case the dust would be prevented from getting between the said pins.

page_text: Instead of the pins resting upon a spring surface, each pin may be surrounded by
a spiral spring, but in either case they are so arranged that one pin move;
independently of the others.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
In a cloth shearing machine, the formation of a cutting bed composed of yielding
pins such as C any one of which will sink when a knot or hard substance is passing
over them and under the fabric, substantially as shewn and described.