Looped or Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1888

page_text: Looped or Pile Fabrics.
We WILLIAM PULLEN of Lower Cote, Fixby, near Huddersfield in the County of
York, Electrical Engineer and MOSES PULLEN of Lower Cote aforesaid Hosiery
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
"
This invention relates to apparatus to be employed in the manufacture of hearth
rugs travelling rugs, mats and other looped or pile fabrics and consists of an improved
combination of mechanism whereby the loops are formed on a ground piece or
backing" and which loops may when desirable be cut forming pile fabric. The
apparatus may be constructed in two forms one a light and convenient instrument
designed for hand manipulation, the other suitable for being worked either by hand or
by power.
Such being the nature and object of this our said invention the following is a
complete description of the same reference being had to the accompanying drawings.
The following drawings illustrate the improved appliances and the details of
construction thereof.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the larger apparatus suitable for hand or power
working.
Fig. 2 a plan view of Fig. 1.
Figs. 3 and 4 are side and plan views of the needle for carrying the yarn through
the ground work or backing.
Fig. 5 is side view of an instrument for holding the yarn when in the form of a loop
hereinafter called "loop holder" and also shews a sliding knife for cutting the loop
when pile fabric is to be produced.
Fig. 6 is a plan view shewing yarn carried by needle through the fabric, and
loop formed.
Fig. 6 is a plan view shewing yarn carried by needle through the backing and the
loop holder inserted by the side of the needle and in position for holding the yarn when
the needle is withdrawn.

page_text: holding the loop.
Fig. 8 illustrates application of knife to the loop and the latter cut forming pile
fabric.
Fig. 9 is a plan view of a part detached in order to fully illustrate construction.
Fig. 10 is an elevation of cam plates for operating the needle and knife.
Fig. 11 is an elevation of opposite side of the same and also shews cam plate for
operating the loop holder.
Fig. 12 is a plan view of a smaller construction of like appliance suitable for domestic
use illustrating the loop needle through the backing.
Fig. 13 is a like view shewing the loop holder as it remains in the backing when the
needle is withdrawn ready for formation of next loop.
Fig. 14 is an end elevation of Figs. 12 and 13.
yarn
At 1 is the foundation or backing to which the yarn 2 is to be applied. The
backing being stretched tightly in a holding frame or on other convenient holding
device. The yarn is passed through the guide eyes 3-4-5 to the eye 6 of the loop
needle 7, the latter is pushed forward through the backing carrying with it the
and forming a loop on the opposite side of the backing as illustrated by Fig. 6 of
the drawings. The loop holder 8 attached to slide piece 8 is now to be pressed
forward through the backing until its forked end 9 reaches the end of the loop, holding
the loop. The needle 7 is then withdrawn leaving the loop hold securely on the forked
end 9 of the loop holder (see Fig. 7). The retiring or backward movement of the loop
needle 7 brings the pin 10 affixed in the slide piece 11 in contact with the edge of the
switch plate 12 the latter is free to turn on the pin 13 the switch plate being moved
to the position shewn at Fig. 9, the pin having now arrived at the top of incline 14
passes into the narrow way or slot 15. It will be seen that effect of the ascent of the
pin 10 up the incline 14 is to turn and divert the slide piece 11 and loop needle 7 to
the right as clearly shewn in Figs. 7 and 13 thus spacing the loop needle a correct
distance from the loop holder for the insertion of the yarn for formation of the next.
loop. The slide piece 11 and loop needle 7 are now to be moved outwards so as to
drive the needle again through the backing for insertion of the yarn to form the next
loop. The switch plate 12 having now been brought back against the stop pin 13ª by
the spring 12ª its edge 16 prevents the pin 10 from descending the incline 14 and
preserves the spaced distance between the needle 7 and the loopholder 8 until the
needles point is in or through the backing (see Fig. 7). The slide piece 11 and
needle 7 are still pressed forwards until the end 11" of the slide piece 11 butts against
the backing 1 whereon the slide piece 8' and loop holder 8 are withdrawn leaving the
loop in the backing. The incline 17 of the guide 18 sliding on the pin 10 draws the
slide piece 81 (see Fig. 6) and loop holder 8 close to the slide piece 11 and loop
needle 7 ready for the next outward movement of the loop holder 8 (see Fig. 12)
At 19 are two projecting inclines formed on the edges of the loop needle 7 and
which serve for the purpose of slightly enlarging the hole made in the backing 1
by the passage of the needle therethrough and preventing the points 9 of the loop
holder 8 catching on the backing 1. When it is desired that the loop shall be cut
forming pile, the knife 20 which works through the loop holder 8 made hollow for
the purpose of carrying the knife is caused to make a sudden and rapid outward
movement to position shewn by Figs. 5 and 8 severing the loop.-The knife 20 is
readily detached from the hooked or barbed end of 30° for sharpening.
Motion is given to the apparatus as and by parts as follows
Referring now to the apparatus shewn by Figs. 1 and 2. The outward movement
of the loop needle 7 is imparted by the cam groove 21 acting on the pin 22 fixed
in end of slotted link 23 attached to the slide piece 11, the slot of the link 23 embraces
the axis 24 on which is the handle 25. A corresponding link 26 attached to the
slide piece 81 carrying the switch plate 12 and loop holder 8 is operated by the
cam groove 27-acting on the pin 28 affixed in end of slotted link 26.
The loop cutting knife 20 receives its motion from the beak 29 of the cam plate 27*
by which beak the knife receives a rapid forward movement, the beak acting on the

page_text: end of the spindle 30s and by the expansion of the spiral spring 30 which has
been compressed by the aforesaid forward movement is returned to its sheath, in
the loop holder 8, when the beak 29 has cleared the cranked and flattened end of
spindle.
The appliance illustrated by Figs. 12, 13 and 14 is adapted for domestic use, the
parts 8 and 11 being rabbited as shown by Fig. 14 the pin 10 and the guide 18 serving
to keep the parts together which parts are readily moved or slided one on the other by
use of the handles and thumb holes 31-31. The length of loop may if required be
varied by butt plates 32, adjustable by slot and screw 33.
It will be manifest that the appliances illustrated by Fig. 1-2 may be operated
by hand or it may be mounted upon a bed plate on which it will traverse laterally
through the action of the incline 17 acting against the pin 10 as before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. In apparatus for purpose described the needle 7 and loop holder slide pieces 81
and 11 connected with and operated by tappots and having a switch appliance such
as 12 and pin 10 all in combination for purpose set forth and substantially as described
and illustrated by drawings annexed.
2. The sliding bandles 31-31 carrying the needle and loopholder and having a
switch such as 12 and pin 10 all in combination and as herein described and illustrated
by Figs. 12, 13 and 14 of annexed drawings.
3. In apparatus having sliding needle and loop holder and switch the guide 18 and
pin 10 all in combination as and operating in manner described.
4. A loop cutting knife in combination with a hollow or recessed loop holder operated
by cam beak or the equivalent thereof.
5. A needle such as 7 having the projecting inclines 19 in combination with a loop
holder such as 8 for purpose herein described.
+ 1000
WILLIAM PULLEN.
MOSES PULLEN.
By their Agent, Walter Brierley,
Town Hall Buildings,
Halifax.