Improvements in Internal Combustion Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application. 15th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 11th Apr., 1900-Accepted, 7th July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Internal Combustion Motors.
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers Limited, Openshaw,
Manchester, and JAMES ATKINSOx, of The Woodlands, Marple, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention applies to improvements in exhaust valves for internal com-
bustion motors such as those of the "Otto" or four stroke type. Its object is
to reduce the load on the exhaust valve so as to relieve the gear for opening it,
and also means for keeping the valve itself cool:
The exhaust valve of an "Otto" type motor frequently has to be opened
against a pressure of upwards of 40 lbs. per square inch and in a large engine,
requiring a large valve, this becomes a heavy load to be overcome by the open-
ing gear. We relieve this heavy load by providing an equalizing piston on the head
of the valve which puts the valve more or less into equilibrium. The piston part
of the valve works in a detachable piece which forms a cylinder for it and
encloses its head so that any leakage past the piston may be carried by a suit-
able pipe to any desired outlet. By removing this detachable piece an opening
sufficiently large is made through which the valve may be also removed.
In large internal combustion motors of the ordinary "Otto" type the exhaust
valve gets very hot and in many instances it is desirable to pass water through
to keep it cool; in our improved valve we also pass this water into the piston
portion of the valve so as to enable us to lubricate the cylinder in which it
works and thus ensure its durability and satisfactory working.
In some instances we place the exhaust valve horizontally and so arrange the
outlet for the water that it flows from the upper portion of the interior of the
valve, thus preventing any accumulation of air or steam.
سيند
P
1
1000
WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY.
JAMES ATKINSON.
Improvements in Internal Combustion Motors.
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers Limited, Openshaw,
Manchester, and JAMES ATKINSON, of The Woodlands, Marple, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Our invention relates to improvements in exhaust valves for internal com-

page_text: bustion motors such as those of the Otto' or four stroke type. Its object is
to reduce the load on the exhaust valve so as to relieve the gear for opening
this valve.
The exhaust valve of an "Otto" type motor frequently has to be opened
against a pressure of upwards of 40 lbs. per square inch and in a large engine
requiring a large valve, this becomes a heavy ſoad to be overcome by the open-
ing gear.
Our invention consists in providing an equalising piston on the head of the
valve which puts the valve more or less into equilibrium.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate our invention -
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through an exhaust valve arranged and
constructed according to one modification of our invention.
Figure 2 is a cross section on the line A A of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through an exhaust valve arranged and
constructed according to a second modification of our invention.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section through an exhaust valve arranged and
constructed according to a third modification of our invention.
Referring in the first place to Figures 1 and 2, a is the exhaust valve, and f
the exhaust port leading from the cylinder b. The valve a works horizontally,
and has attached to it, at one side, the piston c working in the cylinder d, and
at the other side, the hollow stem e which projects through the valve casing 9,
and the oil gland h; the valve, piston and stem being all hollow.
The valve a is slightly greater in diameter than the piston c: and the
cylinder d is telescoped inside the casing y, or otherwise removably attached to
the casing, so that the withdrawal of the cylinder allows the valve to be
removed
C
The cylinder d is provided with a cover and a stuffing box 1, and the piston
has fixed to it a cap m, in which is bored an angular hole n, opening towards the
top of the inside of the piston. Into the hole is screwed a pipe o which
passes through the before mentioned stuffing box . The piston is provided
with rings r, r, rendering it nearly gas tight; but what gas leaks through into
the cylinder d is led away by the pipe to any suitable outlet. The spring q
for closing the valve may be placed as shown in the cylinder d. The cooling
water enters the hollow stem at its ends and escapes by the hole n and the
pipe • before mentioned, the position of the outlet n preventing the accumula-
tion of air or steam inside the piston and valve. The valve may be operated by
means of its stem e by any usual valve-lifting mechanism.
Referring now to Figure 3, we construct in this modification the valve stem e
in one piece with, or attached to, the piston cap m and we pass the stem through
the cylinder cover and the oil gland h. In this modification the valve is closed
at the end where the stem was attached in our previous modification, and we
enter the cooling water through a pipe passing through the hollow stem e and
screwed into the internal projecting boss u of the piston cap m. Another pipe
forming a continuation of the pipe and also screwed into the boss u conveys
the water to the valve a, the water returning by the hole n, and the annular
space y in the stem e. The valve spring q may be contained in the cylinder d
as in our previous modification and a pipe p is provided as before to draw off
the gases leaking past the piston c. The valve may be actuated either by means
of the hollow stem e or by means of a pusher rod (shown in dotted lines) at
the other end of the casing, which pusher rod presses against but is not attached
to the valve.
i
Referring now to Figure 4, we arrange the valve stem in this modification
as in our first; but we make the valve-closing spring q in a conical form and
place it on a conical sleeve situated on the valve stem e outside the gland h.
In this modification also we make the cylinder d open-ended and we screw the
water pipe o into the upper part of the piston cap m.
shown at x.
A lubricating hole is

page_text: In all our modifications, instead of the valve working horizontally, it may
work vertically, the piston e being above the valve and the cooling water enter-
ing and escaping as before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. In an internal combustion motor, reducing the force necessary to raise
the exhaust valve by means of a piston adapted to keep the valve relieved from
the pressure inside the motor cylinder, substantially as described.
2. In an internal combustion motor reducing the force necessary to raise the
exhaust valve by attaching to the valve a piston such as c working gas tight in
a cylinder such as d whereby the end of the valve is relieved from the pressure
inside the motor cylinder, substantially as described.
3. In an internal combustion motor, reducing the force necessary to raise
the exhaust valve by attaching to the valve a piston such as c working gas tight
in a cylinder such as d whereby the end of the valve is relieved from the pres-
sure inside the motor cylinder, the cylinder d being removably attached to the
valve chest so that it can be withdrawn for the removal of the valve substan-
tially as described.
תו...
1
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
18, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
18, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.