IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC TUBES FOR STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER USES
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BANISTER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass Founder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, in the fourteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Banister, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said James Banister, my
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Banister, my
exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC TUBES FOR STEAM BOILERS
AND OTHER USES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that
I, the said James Banister, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Banister, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-.
My Invention consists of causing tubes to be soldered or brazed by
introducing them into a muffle or oven, and in order that my Invention
may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will proceed
to describe the means pursued by me. I would, however, first remark that
heretofore metallic tubes have beens oldered or brazed by placing them
in a fire till the solder runs, by which process the metal of which the. tubes
are composed is often injured by the great heat to which some of the parts
are subjected. Now, according to my Invention, I obtain a more uniform
heat to any desired length of tube (within the extent of the muffle) at the
parts to be soldered than has heretofore resulted when placing a tube into a
fire, and in addition to this advantage the parts of a tube at a distance from
the parts to be soldered are not heated to so high a degree as the parts which
are to be soldered.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation in section; Figure 2 shows a front
elevation in section; and Figure 3 shows a plan in section of a muffle or
oven and furnace, for heating the muffle or oven constructed suitably for
carrying out my Invention; a, b, are two fire-places or furnaces by which the
muffle is heated. The furnace a by its fire heats that portion of the muffle
or oven over it into which the tube is first introduced, and by which (as it is
moved through) it becomes heated so as to prepare it for the greater heat
offered at the points j, c. The products of combustion from the fire at a pass
through the flue d, and they meet the flame and products of combustion from
the fire at b, and they pass together into and across the muffle or oven
at c, part thereof passing into the chimney or stack at h, and the other
part passing from c to j, and thence through 9 into the stack or chimney, by
which means that portion of the upper part of the tube which is between j and
c will, as the tube is moved towards f, become more and more highly heated.
The solder generally begins to run at j, and it will be fully melted at c, and the
edges of the tube will be thus more effectually united than when using a fire
as heretofore practised. The workmen pass the metallic tubes slowly through
the muffle or oven, keeping the joint which is to be soldered upwards, and

page_text: as each part of the tube comes to the part c, it is most highly heated at that
part, and the workman looking through at f can perceive (as he draws the
tube onwards by a pair of tongues) when the joint has been effectually made.
The tube, the edges of which are to be united, is to be bent over in the usual
manner, so as to overlap at the edges, as is well understood, and the solder is
to be applied as heretofore, but the solder I prefer to employ (but I do not
confine myself thereto) consists of a mixture or combination of a comparatively
weak or low melting solder with a strong or comparatively high melting
solder, such two solders respectively being composed as follows:-No. 1, forty
parts by weight of spelter, and thirty-six parts of copper; No. 2, forty parts
of spelter and forty-two parts of copper, and having prepared these solders as if
to be used separately, I mix equal parts of them when in the powered state,
with borax, and employ the mixture as a solder. The effect will be a better
union of the edges of the metallic tubes.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that although I have shewn
the exact construction of muffle or oven employed by me, I do not confine
myself thereto so long as the peculiar character of my Invention, as herein
explained, be retained; but what I claim is the mode herein described of
uniting the edges of metallic tubes.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Banister, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.