A NEW MACHINE TO MINCE TALLOW & MEAT
Year: 1856

page_text: given
prescrived
by the Act.).
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Manuel Giresse at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th August 1856.
I, JOSEPH MANUEL GIRESSE, of St. Macaire, in the Department of the
Gironde, in the French Empire, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW MACHINE TO MINCE TALLOW & MEAT," to be aș
follows:-
This machine can be employed with the greatest advantage by chandlers,
sausage makers, & others, for chopping the grease, meat, &c. used by them.
It can cut these materials into much smaller or finer portions than any other
machine in ordinary use, which, in the chandler's business especially, is highly
advantageous, as the grease can thus be melted with much greater facility &
less waste than is now the case. It can perform a large amount of work
daily, as its proportion can be enlarged in any degree beyond those here
indicated, according to the amount of work required to be done, cutting the
material operated on to any degree of fineness required. The machine works
in both directions, backwards & forwards. It is composed of an stronly
constructed wooden chopping table (see the Drawings for the dimensions),
with side pieces, which serve the purpose of preventing the meat, grease, &c.,
from falling off, and which can be lowered to allow the table to be cleaned

page_text: with facility. At each end of the table are nxed, grooved, two pieces to
receive the standards which carry the apparatus. The standards are made to
slide in these grooved pieces, and can thus be lowered as the table wears away;
a nut is also attached to the grooved pieces, in which a clamp screw works,
& secures the standard at any requisite height; also, to prevent the weight of
the machine causing any descent of the standard, there are holes pierced in
the latter at close intervals, through which an iron pin is passed, & rests on
the upper grooved piece. The two standards are connected at top by a
longitudinal beam of cast or wrought iron (see the Drawing for the dimensions
of this beam). A revolving shaft, formed of a square iron bar, with bearing
of round iron, is carried by the end standards, one end being prolonged
beyond the standard to receive a geared wheel, which slides at will along the
prolongation. The length of this prolongation should be more than double
the thickness of the geared wheel, so as to allow the latter to be placed close
to or withdrawn from the standard, whereby the direction of travel of the
chopping knives is regulated, & also so as to allow a winch for giving move-
ment to the machinery to be fixed on the prolongation of the shaft. On each
side of the above main shaft, & in the same horizontal plan is placed a square
threaded screw, whereof the bearing ends of round iron rest in arms which
project from the standards. On one end of each of these screws, and outside
the standard, is fixed in a permanent position a geared wheel working with
that on the main shaft; these screws are for the purpose of enabling the
chopping knives to travel backwards or forwards over the table. Also, on
each side between the geared wheels on the main shaft and on the screws, are
pinions carried on small arms, which form part of standards, & having double
the thickness of the geared wheels to enable them to work with the wheel on
the main shaft when it draws back from those on the screws. The pinions
should slide and turn upon the small standard arms which carry them, and
which should be of greater length than the pinions themselves. For carrying
the chopping knives there are five uprights grooved vertically, which are placed
at equal distances apart, & kept so by distance pieces across. Three of these
uprights have rollers fixed in their upper ends, which rest on & roll along the
longitudinal beam connecting the two standards; the middle upright is fur-
nished with two horizontal arms at the same height as the arms of the
standards, in which are fixed female screws corresponding in position & size
of thread to the long screws, corresponding in position & size of thread to the
long screws, and in which the latter work, and enable the chopping knives
to traverse the table, & to be brought over the material to be chopped. In
each of the four intervals between the uprights is fixed a plate, surmonted by

page_text: four vertical arms united together at top, under which is placed a chopping
knife, which may be fixed or removed at pleasure. These knives are placed
diagonally, and extend across the width of the table, and each should be
placed in the opposite direction to the preceding one, in order to cross-cut
the material to be chopped. A roller is placed over the upper junction of the
vertical arms of each plate, turning in the direction of the length of the plate,
under which an excentric passes, which raises the chopping knife, and lets it
fall on leaving it. The four excentrics which raise the chopping knives (of
which the form & dimension are shown on the Drawing, are slid on the
square main shaft, each on a different one of its faces, and are moved along
the shaft as the machine works, and turn with it to raise the chopping
machine. Each excentric is kept under the centre of the rollers last men-
tioned by a tube or collar used as a distance piece on each side of it, which
are also slid on to the main shaft, and turn with it. There is a roller at the
middle of each face of the plate (on the side of the uprights), and another in
the same vertical plan on each side at the top and in the middle of the con-
nection of the vertical branches of the plates; these rollers run in the groves
of the uprights, & are intended to facilitate and guide the vertical ascent of
the chopping knife, as well as to regulate its fall. There are likewise rollers
let into each upper end of the connexion of the branches of the plates, which
roll against the uprights, and preserve their proper distances apart during the
rise & fall of the chopping knife, & which also serve the purpose of friction
rollers.