IMPROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS AND VENTILATODO
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas James Baker of Newark in the County of
Nottingham for an Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS AND
VENTILATODO"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas James Baker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th April 1883.
THOMAS JAMES BAKER of Newark in the County of Nottingham
MENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS AND VENTILATORS
"
« IMPROVE-
My Invention relates principally to chimney tops and Ventilators such as are
described in the Specification of Letters Patent No 3416 granted to me as of the
18th July A.D. 1882 and has for its object to improve the construction thereof and
especially with the view of making them of clay or terra cotta and so also that
the chimneys or shafts may be readily swept without danger of fracturing the
tops.
According to one part of my present Invention I make the top or ventilator of
tapering deflecting plates or parts having slits or openings formed or provided in
or between the edges of the same substantially as described in the Specification of
my said Patent. In this present arrangement I prefer to make the said plates of
parts or continuations of a circular chimney top or ventilator termination contracting
towards its upper part the said continued part being furnished with slits or long
vertical openings. Over these openings are placed guard plates of a curved,
horizontal section and preferably carried by ribs or ornamental collars formed
around the chimney top or ventilator termination. The said guard plates extend
to such a distance beyond the sides of the slits and at such a distance therefrom
that currents of air passing between the top or termination and the guard plates
cannot pass into the slits or openings either by direct passage or by excess of
pressure. The open upper end of the top or termination is made with a bell
mouth covered by a conical cup extending at its lower edge beyond the edge of the
said upper end and there supported by bracket pieces or their equivalent. The
lower part of this conical cap is preferably cylindrical. The said conical cap is
closed at top and tapers upwards to a capacity insufficient to admit the head of a

page_text: sweep's brush so that when the chimney is being swept the said brush can pass
out clear of the top or termination into the larger lower end of the said cap and
can then be readily drawn downwards again. The contracted top of the conical
cap prevents the head of the brush from striking against the said cap and
fracturing it.
According to a further part of my Invention as applied to ventilators I provide
an arrangement of plates slots and guides as before described and I carry the
ventilator shaft up there-through and cause it to open out into an upper chamber.
From this chamber openings are provided at the bottom thereof communicating
with the space between the exterior of the shaft and the interior of the arrange-
ment of plates slots and guides. These openings have short pipes or connecting
pieces upon which are carried flexible tubes or terminations preferably of a textile
fabric. These tubes are open at bottom and whilst allowing of the free oxit of air
they prevent back draught owing to their at once collapsing on the occurrence of
external pressure. These flexible tubes or terminations may be applied to other
forms of ventilators such for example as to the end of a simple ventilator shaft bent
downwards at its end. The discharge openings of ventilators may be covered with
flaps of textile fabric.

page_text: PECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas James Baker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th October 1883.
THOMAS JAMES BAKER of Newark in the County of Nottingham “IMPROVE-
LENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS AND VENTILATORS
"
My Invention relates principally to chimney tops and Ventilators such as are
lescribed in the Specification of Letters Patent N° 3416 granted to me as of the
eighteenth July in the year of Our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty
wo and has for its object to improve the constructions thereof and especially with
cho view of making them of clay or terra cotta and so also that the chimneys or
shafts may be readily swept without danger of fracturing the tops.
According to one part of my present Invention I make the top or ventilator of
tapering deflecting plates or parts having slits or openings formed or provided in
or between the edges of the same substantially as described in the Specification of
my said Patent-In this arrangement according to my present Invention I prefer
to make the said plates of parts or continuations of a circular chimney top or
ventilator terminating as shewn at A, in Figures 1, 2 and 3, which are respectively
an elevation, a vertical section, and a transverse section of a top or ventilator
constructed or arranged according to this part of my present Invention. The said
top preferably contracts towards its upper part and is furnished with slits or long
vertical openings B. Over those openings B. are placed guard plates C of a curved
horizontal section and preferably carried by ribs or ornamental collars a formed
around the chimney top or ventilator termination. The said guard plates C extend
to such a distance beyond the sides of the slits B and at such a distance therefrom
that currents of air passing between the top or termination and the guard plates
cannot pass into the slits or openings either by direct passage or by excess of
pressure This will be clearly understood by reference to Figure 3. The open
upper end of the top or termination is preferably mado with a bell mouth a²
covered by a conical cap D extending at its lower edge beyond the edge of the said
upper end of the top A and there supported by bracket pieces or their equivalent
as (for example) shewn at & The lower part of this conical cap D is preferably
cylindrical as shown. The said conical cap is closed at top and tapers upwards to
a capacity insufficient to admit the head of a sweep's brush so that when the
chimney is being swept the said brush can pass out clear of the top or termination
into the larger lower end of the said cap D and can then be readily drawn down-
wards again-The contracted top of the conical cap prevents the head of the brush
from striking against the said cap and fracturing it. I do not bind myself to the
use of two slits B and guard plates C as it will be evident that other number may
be used that can be arranged around the top A which will allow of the proportions
between the parts for the purposes herein before indicated. It will also be evident
that the slits and guards may be at the lower part of the top A as well as or in
place of at the upper part as shown and they may when in both the upper and
lower parts be arranged in line or not as desired.
According to a further part of my Invention as applied to ventilators I provide
5 an arrangement of plates slots and guides as before described and I carry the
ventilator shaft up there-through and cause it to open out into an upper chamber.
From this chamber openings are provided at the bottom thereof, communicating
with the space between the exterior of the shaft and the interior of the arrange-
ment of plates slots and guides. Those openings have a short pipe or pipes or

page_text: connecting piece or pieces upon which is or are carried a flexible tube or tubes o
terminators (preferably of a textile fabric). These tubes are open at bottom and
whilst allowing of the free exit of air may prevent back-draught owing to thei
at once collapsing on the occurrence of external pressure. These flexible tubes o
terminations may be applied to other forms of ventilators such for example as to
the end of a simple ventilator shaft bent downwards at its end. The discharge
openings of ventilators may be covered with flaps of textile fabric.
Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings represents a top or ventilator constructed
substantially in the same manner as that shewn in figures 1, 2 and 3, but provided
with flexible material under the second part of my Invention. Figure 5 is a
transverse section of the same. The parts which correspond with those shown in
the first arrangement are marked with the same letters of reference. The ventilator
shaft is in this arrangement carried up through the part A by a continuation E
which opens into the upper chamber formed by the cap D. There is a space
between the parts E and A and f, down which the air can pass from the shaft to
the outlets at the slots B.-In the said space f, is suspended the tube G of flexible
material which may conveniently be suspended from a ring as at -This tube
allows the air to pass downwards as shewn by the arrows but will not allow back-
draught, as on tendency thereto, the said tube G collapses against the sides of the
tube E. At Figure 7 is shewn the upper part of a top or ventilator like that shewn
in Figure 4, but provided with a number of flexible tubes G.-In this case the
said tubes are supported by short tubes g, held in openings in the plate h, as shewn
separately in the elevation and plan of these parts in Figures 8 and 9.
Figure 6 shews a simple ventilator shaft bent downwards at its outer end
and there provided with a flexible tube G for the purpose of preventing back-
draught.
Figure 10 shews a similar ventilator and flexible tube G with a covering or
box A in which is a slit B protected by a shield C in substantially the same manner
as is hereinbefore described. Figure 11 is a vertical Section and figure 12 is a
horizontal Section of an arrangement generally resembling that shewn in Figures 4
and 5 but the part E has a series of openings at e, at different portions of its
length and over each series of such openings a tube G, of flexiblo material, is
suspended in such a manner that whilst the air can pass from the chimney or shaft
to the exit slits at B (as shown by the arrows), back-draught is prevented by
reason of the tubes G collapsing against the sides of the part E. The parts which
correspond to the parts shewn in the other figures are marked with the same letters
of reference. It will be evident that there may be one or any suitable number of
series of openings e, at any suitable part of the shaft E.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is:-
First, A chimney top or ventilator, wherein the exits are formed by a slot or slit,
slots or slits (B,), in the sides of the top or ventilator, protected by a shield or
shields arranged and combined therewith, as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
G
Second, A chimney top or ventilator, wherein the exits are formed and protected,
as claimed by the preceding claiming clause, and the top is covered by a cap D,
shaped and combined therewith, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore {
described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Third-In chimney tops or ventilators, the use of a flexible tube, or tubes, or
the like, arranged at, or in, the outlet passage or opening, or passages or openings,
for the purpose of preventing back-draught, substantially as herein before described
and explained by reference to various examples shewn in the accompanying &
drawings.

page_text: Fourth, The arrangements or combinations of parts constituting the several
chimney tops or ventilators hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Thomas James Baker have to this my Specifica-
tion set my hand and Seal this eighth day of October One thousand eight hundred
THOMAS JAMES BAKER (L.S.)