New or Improved Machinery for Embossing and Chasing Metallic Articles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 8th Apr., 1896-Accented, 16th May, 1996
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Machinery for Embossing and Chasing Metallic
Articles.
We, ELKINGTON & Co. LIMITED, of Newhall Street, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Silversmiths and Electro Platers, and HENRY SHAW, of
No. 56 Witton Road, Aston near Birmingham, aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
The said invention consists of machinery constructed and operating in the
manner hereinafter described the said machinery being especially applicable to the
embossing and chasing of hollow metallic articles such for example as cups and
vases but is also applicable generally to the embossing and chasing of articles made
of sheet metal.
We will describe the said invention in connection with the embossing of a hollow
article such for example as a metallic cup..
The machinery constituting the said invention is constructed essentially as
follows;-
A die the acting face of which is the counterpart of the design to be produced
on the article operated upon is fixed on one end of an arm or lever the other end of
which is connected with a horizontal shaft the said arm being capable of motion
preferably in a vertical plane, the said motion being effected by hand or by steam
or other motive power.
A matrix made in the usual way from the die is carried
by a vertical bar capable of a rising and falling adjustable motion on the base or
bed of the machine. The cup to be operated upon is supported on the matrix the
edge of the cup bearing against a fixed disc carried by the vertical bar hereinbefore
referred to. The said disc has a line or indicating mark with which similar lines
or marks on the edge of the cup are made to coincide from time to time as the
work proceeds. In commencing to operate on the plain cup, one of its indicating
marks is brought opposite the indicating mark on the disc and the cup is held or
fixed in that position. A rapid reciprocating motion being given to the arm
carrying the die, the cup under operation receives a series of blows from the said
die by which and the matrix supporting the cup an impression is made on that part
of the cup situated between the die and the matrix. After the pattern has been
sufficiently impressed on the part of the cup under operation the motion of the die
is stopped and the cup turned upon the matrix through such an angle as will bring
its next indicating mark opposite the indicating mark on the disc when the
percussive action of the die being renewed another portion of the cup embossed.
The different parts of the cup are in succession operated upon in the way
described.
It is desirable that the die should be capable of a limited angular motion that
is a motion in a plane at right angles to the axis of the curved surface operated
upon so that the operation of the die may be directed to different parts of the
surface under treatment. This is effected by raising. or lowering by a screwing
action the end of a short arm affixed to a boss connected to the shaft of the arm
carrying the die an angular part of the arm occupying an angular hole in the said
boss. By raising or lowering the end of the said short arm the arm carrying the
die may be turned through a small angle and the action of the die directed to the
desired part of the article under operation.

page_text: Or the matrix and the work supported on it may be made to take different
inclinations so as to bring different portions of the curved surface of the article
under the operation of the die. This may be effected by making the bar carrying
the matrix slide in a block the bottom of which is convex and works on a concave
seat on the base of the machine. By the motion of the said block on its curved
seat different inclinations may be given to the bar carrying the matrix. Ordinarily
the motion last referred to is limited to the plane in which the arm carrying the
die works, but where it is desirable the curved surfaces referred to may be portions
of spheres in which case the bar carrying the matrix may be inclined in any
plane.
Although we have described the niachine as constructed for operating by means
of the curvilinear motion of the die in a vertical plane, yet the machine may be so
constructed that the die shall operate horizontally or in any other plane. And
although we prefer to give the required motion to the die in the manner herein-
before described yet the said die may be operated in a vertical line by means of a
steam, gas or compressed air hammer.
Dated this Eighteenth day of July 1895.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
New or Improved Machinery for Embossing and Chasing Metallic
Articles.
We ELKINGTON & Co. Limited, of Newhall Street, Birmingham in the
County of Warwick, Silversmiths and Electro Platers, and HENRY SHAW, of
No. 56 Witton Road, Aston near Birmingham, aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The said invention consists of machinery constructed and operating in the
manner bereinafter described, the said machinery being especially applicable to
the embossing and chasing of hollow metallic articles such for example as cups and
vases but is also applicable generally to the embossing and chasing of articles made
of sheet metal.
We will describe the said invention in connection with the embossing of a hollow
article such for example as a metallic cup.
The machinery constituting the said invention is constructed essentially as
follows.
A die the acting face of which is the counterpart of the design to be produced
on the article operated upon is fixed on one end of an arm or lever the other
end of which is connected with a horizontal shaft the said arm being capable of
motion preferably in a vertical plane, the said motion being effected by hand or by
steam or other motive power. A matrix made in the usual way from the die is
carried by a vertical bar capable of a rising and falling adjustable motion on the
base or bed of the machine. The cup to be operated upon is supported on the
matrix the edge of the cup bearing against a fixed disc carried by the vertical bar
herein before referred to. The said disc has a line or indicating mark with which
similar lines or marks on the edge of the cup are made to coincide from time to
time as the work proceeds. In commencing to operate on the plain cup one of its
indicating marks is brought opposite the indicating mark on the disc and the cup
is held or fixed in that position. A rapid reciprocating motion being given to the
arm carrying the die, the cup under operation receives a series of blows from the

page_text: said die by which and the matrix supporting the cup an impression is made on that
part of the cup situated between the die and the matrix." After the pattern has
been sufficiently impressed on the part of the cup under operation the motion of
the die is stopped and the cup turned upon the matrix through such an angle as
will bring its next indicating mark opposite the indicating mark on the disc when
the percussive action of the die being renewed another portion of the cup is
embossed.
The different parts of the cup are in succession operated upon in the way
described.
It is desirable that the die should be capable of a limited angular motion, that
is, a motion in a plane at right angles to the axis of the curved surface operated
upon so that the operation of the die may be directed to different parts of the
surface under treatment. This is effected by raising or lowering by a screwing
action the end of a short arm affixed to a boss connected to the shaft of the arm
carrying the die an angular part of the arm occupying an angular hole in the said
boss. By raising or lowering the end of the said short arm the arm carrying the
die may be turned through a small angle and the action of the die directed to the
desired part of the article under operation.
Or the matrix and the work supported on it may be made to take different
inclinations so as to bring different portions of the curved surface of the article
under the operation of the die. This may be effected by making the bar carrying
the matrix slide in a block the bottom of which is convex and works on a concave
seat on the base of the machine. By the motion of the said block on its
curved seat different inclinations may be given to the bar carrying the matrix.
Ordinarily the motion last referred to is limited to the plane in which the arm
carrying the die works but where it is desirable the curved surfaces referred to
may be portions of spheres in which case the bar carrying the matrix may be
inclined in any plane.
Although we have described the machine as constructed for operating by means
of the curvilinear motion of the die in a vertical plane, yet the machine may be so
constructed that the die shall operate horizontally or in any other plane. And
although we prefer to give the required motion to the die in the manner hereinbefore
described yet the said die may be operated in a vertical line by means of a steam
gas or compressed air hammer.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in front elevation and Figure 2
in side elevation machinery for embossing and chasing metallic articles constructed
according to the said invention;
Figure 3 represents the said machinery in vertical section (partly in side eleva-
tion) and Figures 4 and 5 represent the same in back elevation and plan
respectively;
Figures 34 54, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 12ª and 12B represent details, or some of the parts
of the machinery detached, some of which figures are drawn to a large scale as
hereinafter particularly described.
'
Figures 9, 11 and 13 represent metallic cups partially embossed or chased by the
said machinery and
Figure 14 represents a finished cup.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawings.
The machinery Figures 1 to 12 is described and represented in connection with
the embossing or chasing of the metallic cup Figure 14.
The said machinery consists essentially of a hammer lever a, the rear or tail end
of which is secured to a cross bar al turning on the horizontal pivots or centres a²
the acting end of the said lever carrying the die b on the face of which is a counter-
part of the design to be produced on the cup c to be embossed or chased; and
further of an anvil d for supporting the cup c under operation the said anvil d
having on the side on which the die 6 operates the matrix e the said matrix being
formed from the die in the ordinary way.
:

page_text: The said hammer lever a receives a rapid curvilinear rising and falling motion as
indicated by the arrows in Figure 2, by the operation on the roller a³, carried by
the short arm at of the said hammer lever, of the cams or wipers f, f on the shaft g,
the belt pulley or drum h of which is driven from the main shaft not shown in the.
drawings. The said belt pulley h on the shaft g is thrown into and out of gear with
the main shaft by the use, on the main shaft, of fast and loose pulleys as is well
understood. The momentum of the raised lever a is increased so that additional
force shall be given to the blows of the die, on the wipers of the cam f escaping the
short arm a³, by a spring 3 secured at one end to the foundation of the machine
and at its other end to a rod 2 in connection with an arm on the underside of the
cross bar a of the lever a.
Where motive power is not available, the hammer lever a may be operated by
the action of a foot lever or treadle i indicated in dotted lines in its depressed
position in Figure 2. In this case a coiled spring is arranged above the lever a (as
indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2) to raise the lever, the blow of the die being
effected by the pressure of the foot of the workman on the treadle i.
The axis of the hammer lever a is adjustable both vertically and horizontally or
in the direction of the length of the said lever, so as to fit the machinery to operate
on articles differing in size and shape. The vertical adjustment is effected as
follows. The bearings g2 of the shaft g as well as the slotted cheeks kin which the
hammer lever pivots or centres a² work are carried by a vertically adjustable slotted
plate fixed to the back of the machine by the nuts and screw bolts or pins 1,
occupying the slots 12, 12 in the said plate 1. By relaxing the pressure of the
screw nuts, on the plate the said plate together with the parts carried
by it may be raised or lowered until the axis of the hammer lever a is at the
desired height, when the plate l is refixed by the screwing up of the said nuts .
The horizontal or longitudinal adjustment of the hammer lever is effected by
horizontal slides m (see Figure 5A) in holes in which the pivots or centres a²
are fixed. The front end of each slide m is turned outwards at right angles to;
its length and the said front end has a hole in it working on a screw pink on the
front of the slotted cheek k. In the slots k² of the said cheeks k the pivots or
centres a² work when drawn backward or forward by the slide m. The rear ends
of the slides m, m terminate in screwed shanks m¹ m' passing through holes in the
vertical plate 7. By turning the-screw nuts m2, m in one direction on the
screwed shanks m³, m³ the slides m, m and with them the pivots or centres a², a² and
hammer lever are drawn backwards and are fixed in their adjusted position by the
screwing up of the screw nuts on the pins k¹, k¹ and side screw nuts m³, m³ on the
ends of the pivots or centres a², a projecting through the cheeks k.
The vertical bar of the anvil d'is made capable of a rising and falling motion
so as to make the surface of the anvil take different inclinations with respect to
the surface of the die, and thereby bring different portions of the work on the
anvil under the operation of the said die in the following manner.
The vertical
bar of the anvil d is supported on a vertical screw p which is rotated by the
hand wheel through the bevil pinions r, s the bevil pinion s having an internally
projecting pin 2 engaging in a vertical slot p³ in the said screw p as will be best
seen by reference to Figure 3. The upper end of the screw p is loosely connected
to the bar of the anvil d the said anvil being prevented from rotating by the
cross cotter or bolt på bearing against a flat on the side of the anvil bar.
The matrix e is fixed to the anvil d in the following manner. On the underside
of the matrix e is a longitudinal rib e¹ (see the cross section Figure 8) which
takes into a slot in the anvil. When the matrix is placed in position on the
anvil its inclined nose or front end engages under an undercut part of the anvil
and a cross wedge shaped key e² being passed into a keyway in the ring d² (see
Figures 6 and 7) presses against the rear end of the matrix and binds it forcibly to
the anvil:
The cup c to be operated upon is held on the anvil so as to be incapable of
turning thereon by the wooden holder t and screw pins and nuts t2, 12. The ring d³
.

page_text: hereinbefore referred to is fixed to the anvil by shrinking and has an indicating
mark thereon opposite which one of a series of equidistant or other arranged marks.
on the edge of the cup is brought when placed on the anvil.
The cup c having been fixed on the anvil, the hammer lever is adjusted both
horizontally and vertically so that the acting face of the die shall be in continuous:
contact with the part of the surface of the cup to be operated upon when the anvil
and cup are at or about the position indicated in dotted lines in Figures 6, 10 and 12..
The anvil is then raised to or nearly to its highest position and the hammer lever a
is put into operation. At first the die comes in contact with the cup at the-
part nearest its edge and produces the design at that part. By giving the hand
wheel g a slow but continuous rotation in the direction proper to lower the anvil d,.
the position of the said anvil with respect to the die is made to undergo a gradual
change by virtue of which the part of the cup under operation is made to come by
degrees under the operation of the die as illustrated in the enlarged views.
Figures 6, 10 and 12. Figure 6 shows the position of the hammer lever a with
respect to the anvil d when one third of the work has been effected on that.
part of the cup under operation as represented in Figure 9. By the further
descending motion of the anvil more and more of the surface of the cup is brought
under the action of the die of the rapidly operating hammer lever. Figure 10.
shows the position of the parts when two thirds of the work has been effected on
that part of the cup under operation as represented in Figure 11.
.
When the anvil and cup reach the dotted position indicated in the enlarged
Figure 10 the whole surface of the die is operating on the cup but the descending
motion of the cup is continued so as to effect a perfecting of that part of the design
produced by the front end of the die. Figure 12 represents the position of the
parts when the whole of the work on that part of the cup under operation has been
effected as represented in Figure 13.
Although for convenience of illustration we have represented the portion of the
design Figure 13 as produced in stages yet it must be understood that the embossing
and chasing operation is a continuous one, commencing preferably at or near
the edge of the cup and finishing at or near the dome end or bottom of the
cup.
The position of the cup c on the anvil d is now altered so as to bring the next.
indicating mark on the cup c opposite the mark on the ring d2 when the operations.
above described are repeated on that part of the cup brought onto the matrix e, and
the several operations are repeated until the cup has been completely embossed and.
chased as represented in Figure 14.
Where it is desirable that the die 6 carried by the hammer lever a should be.
capable of a limited angular motion, that is, a motion in a plane at right angles to.
the axis of the curved surface operated upon we make the additions to the said
machinery represented partly in side elevation and partly in section in Figure 124.
and in back elevation (partly in section) in Figure 12.
The said additions consist of an upright 10 on the cross bar a¹ of the hammer
lever a which upright is connected through the mechanism hereinafter described
to a short arm 9 an angular eye or hole in which fits on an angular part a³ of the
hammer lever a. The connection of the upright 10 with the short arm 9 is effected
by a ratchet wheel 13 situated between them the axial hole in which ratchet wheel
is screwed internally, the screw thread at one end being right handed and the screw
thread at the other end being left handed. In the axial screwed hole of the.
ratchet wheel 13, two screws 11 and 12 take the said screws being connected by
knuckle joints to the upright 10 and short arm 9 respectively. On the vertical
plate, and at the rear of the ratchet wheel 13, a spring pawl 14 is so mounted
that each time the hammer lever a is raised in the manner hereinbefore described
the ratchet wheel 13 comes in contact with the spring pawl 14 as indicated in
dotted lines in Figure 124, by which action the said ratchet wheel is turned through
a distance equal to one tooth. In this way, the screw 12 is made to approach the

page_text: screw 11 and the short arm 9 to turn and incline towards the upright 10 thereby
effecting the angular motion of the hammer lever a and through it of the die b.
The ratchet wheel 13, instead of being arranged to draw the screws 11 and 12
into it, when turned, may be arranged so as to advance the said screws out of its
axial hole; or two spring pawls may be employed to alternately act on the said
ratchet wheel one pawl effecting the turning of the ratchet wheel in one direction
and the other in the opposite direction.
Figure 15 represents in side elevation and Figure 16 partly in side elevation and
partly in vertical section machinery constructed according to a modification of the
said invention in which machinery the die receives a vertical rising and falling
motion instead of a curvilinear motion; Figure 17 is a vertical section of the
same taken in a plane at right angles to the section Figure 16; Figure 18 is a
plan of the anvil of the said machinery and parts connected therewith and
Figure 19 is a horizontal section on the line 1, 1 Figure 17.
Figures 15 and 16 are shown in connection with the embossing and chasing of a
circular metallic plate or tray and Figures 17 and 18 are shown in connection with
the embossing and chasing of an elliptical metallic plate or tray; Figures 17^
and 17 are parts of the said Figure 17, Figure 17ª being partly in front elevation
and partly in section and Figure 17B being in plan.
Figure 20 is a part of the machinery Figures 15 to 19 both inclusive modified
to fit the said machinery to be used in the embossing of metallic cups or bollow
articles.
The die 6 is fixed to a vertically guided holder 61 operated through the lever a
and eccentric u on the power driven shaft of the machinery. The plate or tray v
is supported upon the matrix e fixed to the anvil d and is held while in position by
the screw nut gripping the edge of the said tray. In order to give sharpness to
the design to be embossed and chased on the article under operation and to give the
work produced the character of hand embossing and chasing we make the matrix
and plate supported on it take a slight and varying inclination in different directions
with respect to the die while the said die is in rapid operation. In order to effect
this we provide the block supporting the anvil with a spherical part at d' which
seats itself upon and works in a hollow spherical seat in the top of the base d² of
the anvil. The bottom of the said anvil block is connected to two horizontal
screws marked respectively w, w³ the axes of which are at right angles to one
another. The said screws are advanced in one or other direction in screw boxes, a²
by the worms y, y² gearing with the worm wheel teeth formed on the exterior of
the said screw boxes, a². The worms are slowly rotated through the bevil
gearing, by the handles H, H³. When the part of the tray v under operation
is finished the screw nut v is unscrewed and the plate turned so as to bring another
part under the operation of the die.
In embossing or chasing an elliptical piece of sheet metal, say an elliptical tray,
the centre of the tray is cemented, preferably by gutta percha cement to a vertical
hollow pillar 2 (see Figures 17, 174, 178, and 18) turning on a pin 3 carried by a
slotted plate, which plate is adjusted on and afterwards fixed to the anvil d by
the screw nuts v³, v³. When the part of the tray say of shortest radius, has been
operated upon and it is wished to bring the next mark on the tray opposite the
centre of the fixing nut v', the said nut v¹ and the screw nuts v³, v fixing the slotted
plate v', are loosened, and the said plate is slightly drawn backwards so as to
permit the rim of the part of the tray of larger diameter when the said tray is
turned on the pin ³ to come under the nut v¹. The screw nut v¹ and screw nuts v³, v
are then screwed home and the die b is made to operate on the part of the tray
situated on the matrix.
When the machinery last described is employed in the embossing and chasing of
cups or other hollow metallic articles the anvil is modified in the way illustrated in
Figure 20 where the cup under operation is marked c.
Instead of inclining the work to the die and effecting a gradual change in the

page_text: said inclination while the die is operating by the employment of a movable anvil, a
stationary anvil may be used and the direction of fall of the die be gradually
changed.
This modification of the said invention is represented in front elevation (partly
in section) in Figure 21 applied to a hand worked drop hammer; Figure 22 is a
side elevation of the said hand worked drop hammer.
The drop block or tup 2 carrying the die b works in the guides or uprights 3, 3
and is raised into its highest position by means of the hand belt or band 4 passing
over the pulley 5. In order to effect a change in the direction or inclination of the
fall of the block or tup 2 of the hammer the guides or uprights 3, 3 are joined to
the horizontal axis 6, 6 the said guides or uprights being slowly drawn by hand
from their normal position by the rope or cord 7 against the action of the spring 8,
the drop block or tup 2 being frequently raised and allowed to fall during the
turning of the guides or uprights 3, 3.
In this way the die b is brought in succession over the different portions of that
part of the curved surface of the cup under treatment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we claim
as the said invention of" New or improved machinery for embossing and chasing
metallic articles."
First. In machinery for embossing and chasing metallic cups and other metallic
articles the combination with a hammer lever carrying the die, of an anvil (to
which anvil the matrix is fixed) capable of a rising and falling motion for the
purpose of permitting the matrix to take different inclinations with respect to the
die, the several parts of the machinery being constructed, combined and working
substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 3ª, 4, 5, 5ª, 6, 7, 8, 10
and 12 of the accompanying drawings; also the construction and arrangement of
parts represented in Figures 12 and 12B for giving an angular motion to the
hammer lever carrying the die.
Secondly. In machinery for embossing and chasing metallic cups and other
metallic articles in which the die is carried by a block capable of a rectilinear
motion, the combination with the mechanism carrying and operating the said die
of a matrix supporting anvil the block of which has a spherical part for taking
upon a spherical seat the several parts of the machinery being constructed,
combined and working substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 15, 16, 17, 17, 17, 18, 19 and 20 of the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. In machinery for embossing and chasing metallic cups and other
metallic articles in which machinery the die is carried by a drop hammer;-making
the guides or uprights in which the drop block or tup works capable of a slight
angular motion so as to permit the die carried by the said block or tup to operate
on a curved surface, the several parts of the said machinery being constructed,
combined and working substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 21 and 22 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 28th day of March 1896. 0
ELKINGTON & CO., LIMITED,
HERBERT F. ELKINGTON,
Director.