IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS AND SAFETY VALVES.
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Beckett Johnson, Manager for Mess's R.
Ormerod and Son, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers,
.
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS AND SAFETY
VALVES."..
the
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Beckett Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
12th June .1855.
I, the said WILLIAM BECKETT JOHNSON, Manager for Mess!!" R. Ormerod
and Son, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
AND SAFETY VALVES" to be as follows:-.
My Invention relates, firstly, to methods of attaching tubes to boiler plates.
According to one plan, 'I first compress the ends of the tube, so as to render
them of smaller diameter; these ends are then placed in holes ofta conical
shape formed in the plate, and their extremities expanded so as: to fill the
larger diameter.
Another method consists in forming a recess in the thickness of
the tube
plate-around its circumference, into which recess the end of the tube is.forced.

page_text: Another part of my improvements, relating to boiler tubes, consists in adapt-
ing to the plate a ring of copper or other such metal as a caulking medium.
My next improvement consists in the adaptation of two valves, loaded by a
lever situate between them, the one being (for instance) pressed upward and
the other downward; the said lever is therefore capable of turning upon either
as a fulcrum if one only be moved; but both may be forced from their seats,
in which case the lever would be caused to turn upon a point between them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Beckett Johnson, in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th December 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BECKETT JOHNSON, Manager for Messieurs R Ormerod and Son, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Beckett Johnson, Her especial license that I, the said William Beckett
Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Beckett Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM BOILERS AND SAFETY VALVES," upon the condition, amongst others, that
I, the said William Beckett Johnson, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Beckett Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say):-
My Invention relates, firstly, to certain methods of attaching tubes to boilers.
According to one plan, I first compress the end of the tube by any suitable

page_text: tools or machinery into the form shewn at a, Fig. 1. This end is then placed
into a perforation of conical shape formed in the plate b, as at Fig. 2, and its
extremity is subsequently expanded by means of a mandril or other apparatus,
so as to fill the larger diameter of the perforation, the consequence of which
will be the completed joint, shewn at Fig. 3. By reference thereto it will be
observed that the shoulder c, constituting the termination of the narrowed part,
prevents the drawing of the tube in one direction, and the extremity expanded
into the larger diameter of the perforation effects the like object in reference
to the other direction:
Another method I adopt is shewn at Fig. 4. In this instance I form a
recess in the thickness of the plate within the circumference of the perforation,
as shewn at d; the end of the parallel tube e being placed coincident with this,
is expanded by a mandril or other apparatus, so as to fill it, in which position
it is represented in the Drawing.
My next improvement also relates to boiler tubes, and consists in adapting
to the plate a ring of copper or other such metal as a caulking medium. This
I have illustrated in the Drawing, in conjunction with my last-mentioned
improvement. The tube adapted as before is shewn at e, but behind the end
thereof is a space into which is placed a ring of copper f; when in that
situation it is driven so as to be expanded against the two surfaces, in order to
effect a close joint.
Another part of my improvements relates to safety valves, and is shewn in
section at Fig. 5. A portion of the boiler plate is shewn at a, upon which is
attached a tube b, having two open ends c, d, the former of these being capable
of discharging steam in a downward and the latter in an upward direction;
each of these openings is provided with a valve e, f, of any ordinary construc-
tion, and provided with feathers or other. guiding apparatus. A weighted
lever g carries two projecting points, the one at the upper and the other at the
under side thereof, bearing against the valves, so as to load them to their seats;
the lever g passes through a guide piece h, in order to prevent a transverse
motion. Should one of the valves be moved from its seat by the pressure of the
steam, the loaded lever will be caused to turn upon the other as a fulcrum; or
if both valves be moved, the said .lever will turn upon a point between them,
but which has no mechanical bearing. The above arrangement exhibits-the
principle of causing two valves, the one opening in the reversed direction to
the other, to be loaded by one lever; but it is obvious that other arrangements
may be adopted of essentially the same-character; for instance, the valves may
be caused to move horizontally, a suspended-weight-maintaining them on their
seats. Also three valves may be employed, an extra one being placed by the

page_text: side of the one or other of those shewn; or more may be used on the same
principle; and other modifications: will suggest themselves to competent
'persons..
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention;- and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim; 'as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,
Firstly, in reference to attaching boiler tubes; compressing or contracting
the end, so as to form a shoulder, and expanding the said end within a coñical
"aperture.
Secondly, forcing the end of the tube into a recess formed in the circum-
ference of the aperture.
Thirdly, the use of rings of copper or other such metal as a caulking medium
for boiler tubes.
Fourthly, in reference to safety valves, I claim the use of two or more
valves loaded by one lever, such valves being so arranged that one or more of
'them shall move in an opposite direction to the others!
i
In witness whereof, I, the said William Beckett Johnson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal,' this Eleventh day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
i
:
LONDON:
Printed by:GEORGE EDWARD EYRE and,WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
Printers to the Queen's most. Excellent Majesty.. 1855,
.
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