Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Rollers of Porcelain, Wood Pulp, Papier Machė, or other suitable Material for Crushing or Grinding Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 15th Oct., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Rollers of
Porcelain, Wood Pulp, Papier Machė, or other suitable Material
for Crushing or Grinding Purposes.
I, ANTON CARL ANGER of Aich near Karlsbad, Bohemia in the Empire of
Austro-Hungary, Imperial and Royal Privileged China Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Hitherto hollow porcelain rollers or tubes for crushing or grinding purposes have
been manufactured by means of hydraulic presses under a pressure of from 50 to 150
atmospheres, the porcelain mass being first dried, powdered and sifted and in the
reduced condition formed and compressed in iron cylinders. The object of this
invention is to produce porcelain rollers of this description by a wet process, that is
to say, that the porcelain mass is treated in the humid and semi-liquid condition
in which it issues from the well-known porcelain mills. The moist mass is by hand
or machinery and with the assistance of a force-pump such as shown at a in the
accompanying drawings forced into a hollow chamber formed by two cylinders b
and c arranged one within the other. The cylinder b which forms the external
casing is hollow and ribbed or corrugated on the inner side, while the inner
cylinder c is similarly ribbed or corrugated on the outside. Between the two
cylinders as shown in the section Figure 2 there is therefore left a cylindrical
space d corresponding to the desired shape of the porcelain roller or tube to be
produced.
The space d is on both sides i.e. on the inside of the cylinder and on the outside
of the cylinder c lined with canvas or other suitable fabric. The cylinders are
closed by means of lids or covers at each end which lids are preferably secured in
place by screws passing through the lid into the cylinder-wall. The whole is then
tightly enveloped in an external casing or by suitable hoops, so that the hollow
space d is tightly closed in.
The liquid porcelain mass is by means of a force-pump a conveyed from a
reservoir through a flexible tube and through a number of perforations in the upper
lid into the space d under a pressure of from 8 to 12 atmospheres.
с
As before stated, the cylinder c is externally and the cylinder b'internally lined
with fabric, preferably the kind of canvas usually employed in china factories.
The canvas should not, however, enter the grooves of the cylinders. The liquid
porcelain is then forced into the space between the two canvas linings, when the
superfluous water permeates the canvas and collects in the longitudinal grooves of
both cylinders.
In two hours it will be found that the whole of the water is separated from the
porcelain, and it is then discharged by opening the bottom lid of the double
cylinder. The cylindrical form is then taken to pieces and the rough porcelain
roller or tube thereby set free is taken to the drying chamber and left there for
about 14 days. The material is then equalized, smoothed or turned in a lathe and
again placed in the drying chamber for about 3 months after which it is baked like
ordinary porcelain.
The porcelain rollers manufactured by this process require less time to dry than
those made by any of the old methods. The loss through breakage and cracking
is rather less than 10% while hitherto it sometimes has been as much as 50%; and
after burning or baking a much more homogeneous mass is produced than has been
obtainable hitherto.
Rollers or tubes of this description may be made by the same process from other

page_text: materials such as wood-pulp, papier-maché, and the like, the mass to be treated or
formed into rollers being also moist.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
A process of manufacture of rollers for crushing or grinding purposes directly
from the moist mass or pulp of porcelain wood papier maché or the like mainly
consisting in forcing the liquid or semi-liquid mass by means of a force-pump under
a pressure of about 12 atmospheres into a hollow space formed by two longitudinally
grooved cylinders placed one within the other and the form or mould which they
constitute being capable of being taken to pieces the space between the two
cylinders being lined with suitable fabric; the rough cylinder after the discharge
of the water extracted from the mass being first dried then turned down in a
lathe or otherwise smoothed, again dried and finally in the case of porcelain rollers
especially, burned or baked in a suitable kiln substantially as specified.
Dated this 6th day of September 1892.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant