IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL ECONOMIZERS, FEED WATER HEATERS, AND SURFACE CONDENSERS, ALSO FOR HEATING AIR; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Rydill, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in
the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL
ECONOMIZERS, FEED WATER HEATERS, AND SURFACE CONDENSERS, ALSO FOR
HEATING AIR; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Scaled the 25th March 1873, and dated the 31st January 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Rydill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st January 1873.
I, GEORGE RYDILL, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FUEL ECONOMIZERS, FEED WATER HEATERS, AND SURFACE CONDENSERS,
ALSO FOR HEATING AIR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My improved Invention consists in utilizing the steam or steam and
air from condensing and other engines for more effectually preserving
the heat in steam cylinders, also for heating the feed water and con-
densing steam, also applicable for heating air, and for other purposes.

page_text: This Invention of improvements consist in placing a jacketed cylin-
drical or other shaped vessel filled either with spiral coils or crossed pipes
or tubes, the jacketed space around this cylindrical or other shaped
vessel being to answer the purpose of a hot water tank or cistern, and
the interior of the cylindrical or other shaped vessel contains a frame-
work of iron or other metal carrying spiral coils, or crossed pipes, or
tubes of lead, iron, or other metal pipes or tubes, one above another,
leaving an open space betwixt each coil, or the pipes are crossed back-
wards and forwards, crossing first over each other in one direction, then
in another, a space being formed betwixt cach tier by the framework,
and in case the tiers of pipes placed one above another are not coiled and
carried out in one entire length, sufficient space is left for making an
union joint one with the other. A small ledge is left to project at the
bottom of the cylindrical or other shaped vessel for the frame to rest
upon which bears the crossed tiers of coiled pipes. These pipes are
connected to the jacketed vessel which answers the purpose of a water
tank, and I place the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes so that only
several joints have to be made at the bottom to connect the jacketed
space with the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes. The water enters
the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes at the bottom, rising through
the pipes or tubes, which may be coiled in one length or jointed, and the
water passes through the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes in a back-
wards and forwards manner until it reaches the top. These spiral coil
pipes or tubes are attached to one or more steam boilers by means of a
pipe or pipes fitted with valve or valves. The spiral coil or crossed
pipes or tubes are covered in at the top of the cylindrical or other shaped
vessel, having a dome shape or other form, an opening being left for the
exhaust coming from the cylinder or cylinders of a steam or steam and
air engine. The spiral coil or crossed pipes and tubes are all properly
and securely fixed on to the metal frame, and when ready for placing in
the interior of the cylindrical or other shaped vessel the frame and pipes
or tubes are lifted into the cylindrical or other shaped vessel, requiring
only the connections making at the bottom and top; by this means and
arrangement the injurious effect of oxpansion and contraction are
obviated; a pipe or tube is bolted on to the under side of the cylindrical
or other shaped vessel, and is connected to a reservoir placed underneath,
except on one side. A space is left betwixt the pipe and the reservoir, so
that the uncondensed steam is conveyed to the condenser. An air and
water pump-is also connected with the reservoir so as to form a vacuum

page_text: when such is a condensing engine. At the under side of the spiral coil
or pipes I place a water springer or rose end finely pierced with
holes connected to a water tank, hydraulic mains, or pump worked by
thic.engine, so that each up-and-down stroke the engine makes a finc
spray of water is forced out, which fills the pipe or tube on the under
side of the spiral coil or crossed pipes fixed within the cylindrical or
other shaped vessel, and is made to work in the following manner,
taking, for instance, a steam boiler and engine on land :-The exhaust
steam from the cylinder is conducted to the top end or side of the spiral
coil or crossed pipes, and the steam passes in amongst the spiral coil or
crossed pipes, heating the water in the tubes, and giving out its heat in
passing amongst them and against the sides of the vessel. On the
steam reaching the under side of the spiral coil or crossed pipes it is
acted upon by a fine spray of cold water, and what steam is condensed
fall into the reservoir underneath, and any remaining steam is carried
to the condenser when such is a condensing engine. The condensed
steam water is pumped into the jacketed space or water tank spacc from
the reservoir, and the water is forced by the air or force pump through
the spiral coil or crossed pipes into the boiler or boilers, or the same
may be used for other purposes, so that the steam, or steam and air, or
hot air from the exhaust pipe passes in amongst the spiral coil or
crossed pipes, heating the water to several hundred degrees. One
important advantage is gained by using pure condensed steam water,
which prevents corrosion in the steam boiler and upon steam. boiler
tubes, causing the heated products of combustion to more effectually
heat the water in the boiler, and the feed water heater being placed
betwixt the steam cylinder and the condensers prevents the exhaust
steam from falling to so low a temperature the moment the valve opens
to the exhaust pipes.
The cylindrical or other shaped vessel when fixed to a high-pressure
engine may be attached to the jacketed vessel free from pipes or tubes,
and the exhaust steam is acted upon cold water through a spring or
rose finely pierced, and what steam is not condensed escapes through
openings near the top of the vessel and passes away betwixt the jacketed
space, so that what steam escapes assists to keep hot the condensed
water, which water is forced into the boiler.
The joints of the pipes or tubes I make good by fixing on to the tube
or pipe on the inside of the vessel a faced coupling, having a piece of

page_text: metal going across with a hole in the centre which contains a bolt with
head and screw. The bolt projects on to the other side of the vessel, and
having placed a face coupling on the other sido the bolt or bolts is
drawn through, and a nut is screwed on to the bolt drawing up the pipe
or tube on the inside, which makes a joint, with or without packing,
that will expand and contract.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Rydill in the Great Scal Patent Office on 1
the 31st July 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
RYDILL, of Grove House, Dewsbury, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 1
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Rydill, Her special licenco
that I, the said George Rydill, my executors, administrators, and 2
assigns, or such others as I, the said George Rydill, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the 2
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FUEL ECONOMIZERS, FEED WATER HEATERS, AND SURFACE CONDENSERS, ALSO FOR
HEATING AIR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said George Rydill, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Rydill, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This Invention of improvements consists in placing a jacketed cylin-
drical or other shaped vessel filled either with spiral coils or crossed pipes
or tubes, the jacketed space round the cylindrical or other shaped
vessel being to answer the purpose of a hot water tank or cistern, and
the interior of the cylindrical or other shaped vessel contains a frame-
work of iron or other metal carrying spiral coils or crossed pipes or
tubes of lead, iron, or other metal pipes or tubes, one above another,
leaving an opening space betwixt each coil, which said coil is kept
a sufficient distance apart from each other by a bracket clasping
part round each coil of pipe or pipes, keeping the coil firm, and a
proper distance ono coil of pipes from the other, so that the brackets
and stays are as one piece, or the pipes are crossed backwards and for-
wards, crossing first over each other in one direction, then in another, a
space being formed betwixt each tier by the brackets and framework,
and in case the tiers of pipes placed one above another are not coiled,
but carried out in one entire length, sufficient space is left to make an
union joint one with the other; a small projecting ledge is left at the
bottom of the cylindrical or other shaped vessel for the frame to rest
upon, which bears the crossed tiers of coiled pipes. These pipes are con-
nected to the jacketed vessel, which answers the purpose of a water
tank;
and I place the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes so that other
several joints have to be made at the bottom to connect the jacketed
space with the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes. The water enters
the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes at the bottom, rising through
the pipes or tubes, which may be coiled in one length or jointed, and
the water passes through the spiral coil or crossed pipes or tubes in a
backward and forward manner until it reaches the top. These spiral
coiled pipes or tubes are attached to one or more steam boilers by means
of a pipe or pipes fitted with valve or valves. The spiral coil or crossed
pipes or tubes are covered in at the top of the cylindrical or other shaped
vessel having a dome shape or other form, an opening being left for the

page_text: exhaust coming from the cylinder or cylinders of a steam or steam
and air engine. The spiral coil or crossed pipes and tubes are all
properly and securely fixed on to the metal frame, and when ready for
placing in the interior of the cylindrical or other shaped vessel the frame
and pipes or tubes are lifted into the cylindrical or other shaped vessel,
requiring only one connection, making at the bottom and one at the top.
By this means and arrangement the injurious effect of expansion and
contraction are obviated. A pipe or tube is bolted on to the under side
of the cylindrical or other shaped vessel, and is connected to a reservoir
placed underneath, except on one side a space is left betwixt the pipe
and the reservoir, so that the uncondensed steam is conveyed to the
condenser; an air and water pump is also connected with the reservoir,
so as to form a vacuum when such is a condensing engine. At the
under side of the spiral coil or pipes I place a water springer or rose end
finely pierced with holes connected to a water tank, hydraulic mains, or
pump worked by the engine, so that cach up-and-down stroke the
engine makes a fine spray of water is forced out, which fills the pipe or
tube on the under side of the spiral coil or crossed pipes fixed within the
cylindrical or other shaped vessel, and is made to work in the following
manner, taking, for instance, a steam boiler and engine on land; the
exhaust steam from the cylinder is conducted to the top, end, or side of
the spiral coil or crossed pipes, and the steam passes in amongst the
spiral coil or crossed pipes licating the water in the tubes, and giving
out its heat in passing amongst them and against the sides of the vessel.
On the steam reaching the under side of the spiral coil or crossed pipes
it is acted upon by a fine spray of cold water, and what steam is con-
densed falls into the reservoir underneath; and any remaining steam is
carried to the condenser when such is a condensing engine. The con-
densed steam water is pumped into the jacketed space or water tank
space from the reservoir, and the water is forced by the air or force
pump through the spiral coil or crossed pipes into the boiler or boilers,
or the same may be used for other purposes, so that the steam or steam
and air, or hot air from the exhaust pipe passes in amongst the spiral
coil or crossed pipes, licating the water to several hundred degrees. One
important advantage is gained by using pure condensed steam water,
which prevents corrosion in the steam boiler and upon steam boiler
tubes, causing the heated products of combustion to more effectually to
heat the water in the boiler, and the feed water heater being placed
betwixt the steam cylinder and the condenser provents the exhaust

page_text: reservoir, or a small quantity of water may be at the bottom for con-
densing the whole of the remaining steam.
Fig. 2 shows a cylindrical jacketed hot water tank marked A, and B
marks out the commencement of the coiled pipe at the feeding end from
the hot water tank, and the hot water outlet is shown leaving the vessel
at the top; C, the pump for pumping the condensed steam water from
the reservoir to the hot water tank; D, metal pipe with a finely pierced
rose end, so that a fine spray of water like small rain is made to fill the
reservoir in order to condense the steam in such quantities as to keep up
a high temperature in the reservoir marked E, and F shows the bearers
to support the hot water tank and reservoir. A metal pipo from the
side of the reservoir (marked to condenser) shows how any remaining
steam from the engine cylinder is carried off to the condenser.
And this my said Invention, or the nature thereof, consists in so con-
structing and arranging the parts and connections of steam engine
cylinders with my condensing apparatus and feed water heater, so as to
save and re-use nearly all the condensed steam, and to take up the latent
heat therein, which has heretofore been nearly all wasted.
And having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which they are to be carried out and worked, I claim,―
First. A cylindrical or other shaped vessel containing a coiled or cross
pipes or tubes with openings for several steam engines to exhaust into,
as more fully described in this Specification.
Second. Coiled or crossed pipes or tubes enclosed by a hollow jacketed
6 water tank, and the water to be heated by the coiled or cross pipes
being received from the hollow jacketed water tank.
Third. A water pipe and springer or fincly pierced rose end fixed
underneath or in connection with the coiled or cross pipes or tubes for
condensing the exhaust steam from the cylinder.
Fourth. A reservoir fixed to and underneath the hollow jacketed water
tank to receive the condensed water.
Fifth. Connecting a pump with the reservoir and the hollow jacketed
water tank for pumping the water from the reservoir, so that it can be
made to pass through the coiled pipe.

page_text: Sixth. A coupling joint and bracket, as fully particularised in this
Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Rydill, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Thirty-first day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three.