Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Wicks to be used for Making Wax Matches, Tapers, Candles, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c., Act, 1883), as ordered
by the decision of the Comptroller General of the 29th day of June 1896.
Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Dec., 1895-Accepted, 15th Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Wicks
to be used for Making Wax Matches, Tapers, Candles, and
the like.
We JAMES SMITH HARGREAVES Manufacturer, and WILLIAM CLEGG, Yarn
Agent, both of Spring Mill Heywood in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
The object of this invention is to improve the manufacture of wicks for use in the
making of wax matches, tapers, candles and the like in order that such wicks may
be delivered to the makers of the above named articles ready in a most convenient
form for handling in their works, and free from flaws which would cause spoilt
work.
Hitherto the makers of wax matches, tapers, candles and the like, have separated
their wicks from bundles or balls of loose yarns by dividing them into the numbers
or clusters of ends required for the size of wicks they wish to use..
It is very difficult to separate these ends satisfactorily and almost impossible to
do so without forming snarls knots or lumps in some of the ends which cause a
spoilt place, and waste matches or tapers where such irregularities occur, if that
part of the wick is not rejected.
According to our invention we wind the yarn in clusters of the desired number
for a special size of wick upon a beam similar to a warp beam keeping each cluster
separate preferably by winding or coiling loosely round them one or more ends of
yarn, and thus each length of wick is wound ready for use, and as separate and
distinct as the warp ends on a warp beam, and there will be no tendency
when using them to form irregular places and so spoil matches or tapers in the
manufacture.
For this purpose we separate the yarns from the bundle or ball by passing it
through a machine or apparatus constructed as follows:-
The machine is somewhat similar in form to a warp beaming machine.
The beam upon which the wicks are to be wound revolves by frictional contact
with rotating drums driven by suitable gearing and fast pulley, a loose pulley and
a strap fork and stop rod being provided to stop the machine when desired.
The wicks are caused to traverse to and fro lengthwise of the beam as they are
being wound thereon, so as to fill the beam evenly, by a rail provided with a
number of fingers between which the separate wicks travel.
The yarn is divided into the separate wicks by a frame or separator formed like
a coarse reed (similar to the ravel of a beaming machine). A roller with two or

page_text: more smooth rounded rings or projections is provided to divide the yarn into two or
more parts before passing over guide rods or rollers, arranged at the far end of the
apparatus, to the separator, which may be about midway between them and the
beam above named.
We propose in some cases to mount the separator upon ledges at either side of
the machine, and retain it in place by springs so arranged that should any
obstruction occur in the separation of the yarn the latter will pull the frame
or separator from its ledges and cause it to drop upon a vertical sliding rod in such
communication with the stop rod above named that it will stop the machine.
Between the separator and the traverse rail above described we fix a rail or rails 1
provided with one or more series of tubular horizontal pegs, upon which we fix
bobbins of yarn wound on tubes, and through the centre of each bobbin we pass one
of the clusters of yarn or wicks; or the said clusters may each be passed through
two or more bobbins fixed of course on separate rails, and we connect the end or
ends on each bobbin to its respective cluster of yarn.
The yarn unwound from these bobbins will coil around the clusters or wicks as
they are wound on the beam and keep them separate from each other.
1
In some cases we propose to wind the wicks from two or more beams, filled as
above described, side by side upon a second beam with a larger flauge in a separate
machine, the motion of the traverse rail of this machine being reduced to correspond!
with the increased number of wicks wound upon the beam.
Dated this 1st day of March 1895.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Wicks
to be used for Making Wax Matches, Tapers, Candles, and
the like.
We JAMES SMITH HARGREAVES Manufacturer, and WILLIAM CLEGG, Yarn
Agent, both of Spring Mill Heywood, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to improve the manufacture of wicks for use in the
making of wax matches tapers, candles and the like, in order that such wicks may
be delivered to the makers of the above named articles ready in a most convenient
form for handling in their works, and free from flaws which would cause
spoilt work.
According to our invention we wind the yarn in clusters of the desired number
for a special size of wick upon a beam similar to a warp beam, keeping each cluster
separate, by winding or coiling loosely round them one or more ends of yarn, and
thus each length of wick is wound ready for use and as separate and distinct as the
warp ends on a warp beam, and there will be no tendency when using them to form
irregular places and so spoil matches or tapers in the manufacture.
For this purpose we separate the yarns from the bundle or ball by passing them
through a machine or apparatus constructed as follows, and substantially as
illustrated by the annexed drawings:
The machine is somewhat similar in form to a warp beaming machine, as seen
by Fig. 1 Sheet 1, Fig. 14 Sheet 2, which is a continuation of the elevation shewn
at Fig. 1, and Fig. 24 Sheet 2 which is a partial plan of Fig. 1ª.
The beam a (see Fig. 14) upon which the wicks are to be wound revolves

page_text: by frictional contact with rotating drums 6 b¹ driven by suitable gearing ở and fast:
pulley, a loose pulley and a strap fork 6ª and stop rod 6ª being provided to stop:
the machine when desired.
The wicks are caused to traverse to and fro lengthwise of the beam as they are
being wound thereon, so as to fill the beam evenly, by a rail e provided with.
a number of fingers between which the separate wicks travel.
"
We prefer to make this rail e in several parts so that they may be set at.
a suitable angle as seen at Fig. 2 Sheet 2 so that we are able to wind a great.
number of wicks upon the beam a.
The yarn is divided into the separate wicks by a frame or separator d Fig. 1'
formed like a coarse reed (similar to the ravel of a beaming machine). A roller e
if necessary formed with two or more smooth rounded rings or projections is
provided to divide the yarn into two or more parts before passing over guide rods
or rollers farranged at the far end of the, apparatus (see Fig. 1) to the separator d
which may be about midway between them and the beam a above named.
We propose in some cases to mount the separator d upon ledges + at either side.
of the machine, and retain it in place by springs d so arranged that should any
obstruction occur in the separation of the yarn the latter will pull the frame
or separator d from its ledges d+ and cause it to drop upon a vertical sliding rod d
or an arm fixed thereon (see also detached plan Fig. 2 Sheet 1) in such.
communication with the stop rod 6ª above named that it will stop the machine.
The rod is connected to the lever do the other end of which releases a catch ɗ
and allows a weighted lever d³ to slide the stop rod 6ª endwise as usual in a warp
beaming machine.
Between the separator d and the traverse rail c above described we fix a rail or
rails g (Fig. 14 Sheet 2) provided with one or more series of tubular horizontal
pegs, gl see also enlarged detached view Fig. 3 Sheet 1 upon which we fix bobbins h
of yarn wound on tubes, and through the centre of each bobbin & we pass one of the
clusters of yarn or wicks w (see Fig. 3) or the said clusters may each be passed
through two or more bobbins fixed of course on separate rails, and we connect the
end or ends ou each bobbin to its respective cluster of yarn.
The yarn y unwound from these bobbins will coil around the clusters or wicks w
as seen at Fig. 3 as they are wound on a beam a and will keep them separate from
each other.
In some cases we propose to wind the wicks from two or more beams, filled as
above described, side by side upon a second beam with a larger flange in a separate
machine, the motion of the traverse rail of this machine being reduced to correspond.
with the increased number of wicks wound upon the beam.
We further propose in some cases to so proportion the traverse of the guide rail o
to the revolution of the beam a that the wicks will be so wound thereon that the
flanges of the beam a may be dispensed with.
The cross winding effected by the traverse rail c will keep the clusters or wicks
of yarn w distinct and separate from each other without the wrapping of the yarn y,
around them but we prefer to use the yarn y.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we wish it to be understood
that we are aware of the Specification of Hurst's Patent No. 6614 A.D. 1890 and
we make no claim to anything described and claimed therein, but we declare that
what we claim is :-
1. Separating a bundle or ball of yarn into clusters suitable for the wicks of wax
matches tapers candles and the like and wrapping an end or ends of yarn around
each of the said clusters to assist in keeping them apart; as they are being wound
upon a beam for storage or transport substantially as herein before described.
2. The combination with apparatus for separating a bundle of yarn into clusters
and for winding the same upon a beam, of a series of hollow or tubular pėgs upon
which bobbins of yarn can be fixed, so that each cluster of yarns can be passed

page_text: through the centre of a separate bobbin (or more than one bobbin) so that the yarn
as it is unwound from such bobbin can be wound or wrapped around one of the
said clusters as the latter is drawn forward to be wound upon the beam substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the annexed drawings.
Dated this 30th day of November 1895.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.