Improvements in Milk Sterilizera.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 28th June, 1895-Accepted, 3rd Aug.,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION;
Improvements in Milk Sterilizera.
:
I, EDWARD LESLIE of 152 Market Street, Paterson, County of Passaic, and
State of New Jersey, U.S.A., Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows: :-
My invention relates to that class of apparatus employed in sterilizing milk,
that is to say subjecting milk to the action of heat to a certain temperature,
approximating the boiling point of water, which is sufficient to kill all the germs
of disease which may exist in the milk. The object of my invention is to design
an apparatus which shall have large capacity with small fuel consumption, shall
be easily cleaned and conveniently operated by a small force of men.
To secure these objects I have designed an apparatus in which the milk passes
under control through a milk conduit which is surrounded by a body of hot water,
the water being hottest at the delivery end of the conduit and coolest at the supply
end. The milk conduit is supplied with an agitating apparatus which is so
constructed that a comparatively thin bedy of milk is presented to the heating
surface and is continually agitated. The milk after being sterilized is discharged
upon a cooling table where its temperature is reduced to a point at which it can
be safely bottled. All the parts of the sterilizing apparatus are removable and
easily cleaned. The preferred form of my apparatus is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings in which,
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.
Figs. 3 & 4, are end views of the sterilizing apparatus, the cooling table being
removed, and
Fig. 5, is a vertical section of boiler on a larger scale.
Throughout the Specification like reference figures refer to like parts; a is the
setting of the boiler of any suitable masonry. is the hot water boiler and c is
the furnace by which it is heated. is the grate; the furnace door and the
ashpit door of said furnace. is an extension Hue passing along the under side of
the boiler b and c is the vertical flue passing up the chimney c'..
.
d is the head of the boiler at that end which has the wagon top portion d';
d is the bead of the other end d of the boiler which has the circular cross-section;
dis a. cast iron collar bolted to the head, into which the end of the milk
conduit e passes. is the connection by which water is fed into or removed from
the hot water boiler b. e is a safety valve of the well-known shape attached to
the boiler b.
e is the head for the milk conduit e, which is fastened to the flange e¹, on the
end of said conduit and also to the boiler head d. This head e, has a central.
projection, which is hollowed out to form a recess with a flaring mouth opening
into the milk conduit e. is the other head of the milk couduit e, riveted to the
collar d', and e' is the stuffing box through which the shalt f passes.
'
is the supply pipe through which milk is fed to the milk conduit e, from the
reservoir g.
is a discharge pipe connected to the upper portion of the other
end of the milk conduit e, and is a second discharge pipe connected to this end
of the conduit at its lowest point. These pipes are connected to their extension
portions by the union couplings f. f³ is a valve controlling pipe 2, and is a
valve, controlling pipe. is the cooling table upon which the milk is
discharged after being sterilized.
. .
I
1

page_text: :
f* is a rotatable shaft passing through the milk conduit e and operated by the
crank h, or by any other convenient means. This crank carries a metal cylinder
made preferably in sections, ¹, which cylinder is, of considerable diameter, being
half or a third of the diameter of the milk conduit e. Any number of stirring
blades, may be mounted on the exterior of cylinder . ³ are projecting arms
on the further end of cylinder h', provided with friction rollers ht. The further
end of the shaft is rounded off at i, so that it will easily enter the recess e
which has a flaring mouth, as above mentioned.
is a thermometer mounted on the milk discharge tube and is a thermometer
mounted on the hot water boiler b, so that the. temperature of the milk and the
hot water can be determined at any moment. is the usual form of water gauge
on the boiler b.
At the upper end of the slightly inclined cooling table f, is formed the
reservoir, in which the milk is distributed from the discharge pipes and from
which it may flow in an even sheet over the surface of the table., m is a cover
fitting tightly over the raised sides of the cooling table '. m² are rows of
diagonal frets which are oppositely inclined so as to thoroughly mix and distribute
the milk over the surface of the table. m³ is the reservoir into which the cool
milk is discharged by the spout m³.
:
T
The operation of my invention is as follows; the hot water' boiler being filled
with water up to the water line shown in dotted lines, a fire is built in the furnace e.
When the temperature of the water as shown by thermometer has risen to the
proper point, milk is admitted from reservoir g, through pipe f, to conduit e.
The outlet pipe is closed by means of the valve and the milk, accordingly'
fills the conduite, before it begins to overflow through pipe down on to the
cooking table f. The manipulation of valve n' in the inlet pipe, will, evidently
regulate the speed of the flow of milk through the conduit and' its temperature'
can hereby be controlled: Rotation is given to shaft f, by crank h, and the '
stratum of milk, which is between the walls of the conduit e and the cylinder h
is kept continuously stirred by the stirring blades 2. It is evident that the water
over the furnace c, will be hotter than that in the other end of the boiler so that
the cool milk will be received by the cooler water and its temperature raised
gradually as it advances along the conduit e. The making of that portion d', of
the boiler over the furnace in the wagon top shape affords additional room for the
circulation of the hotter portion of the water at that and without its being forced
out to the other end d³, of the boiler.
I
To empty the sterilizer of milk the valve 6, is opened when all the milk in the
conduit e, will flow off over the cooling table and into the can m³. For cleaning.
the apparatus the stirring mechanism can be removed by taking off the head
when the cylinder h'; can be pulled out. The arms, and friction rullers,
will support the inner end of the shaft f, and when the stirring apparatus is
replaced the curved endli, of the shaft f, and the flaring mouth of the recess, e
will guide this end of the shaft into the recess and lift it to its bearing so that
friction rollers will no longer touch the walls of the pipere...
To remove the conduit, the bolts m, should be taken out and also the bolts m³,
when the whole conduit can be drawn out of the boiler leaving'its head ein place.
To remove this head the union couplings f³, must be unscrewed so that the
pipes, and, can go with the head. The advantages of my invention are
evident. The milk goes from the reservoir g, to the receiving can m³, automatically
and continuously without having to be handled by laborers and without being
exposed to the atmosphere. It is gradually raised to the temperature desired and
its flow can be absolutely and exactly controlled. It is sufficiently cooled in
passing in a constantly regulated current over the cooling table f", so that it can'
be drawn off and bottled immediately after its reception in the receiving tank m³.
The action of the apparatus is equable, the milk not being scorohed at one point
and not heated at the other as is frequently the case in other apparatus and the
body of water in the boiler 6 insures uniformity of temperature at any point of

page_text: the boiler throughout adjacent periods of time independent of the necessary
variations of heat in the furnace. The heat generated by the fuel is,all efficiently
employed in raising the milk to the desired temperature and none is wasted.
The pipe n, provided with valve me, is a connection by which water may be
introduced into the milk conduit, e, for the purpose of washing it out. It is also
advisable, after the milk conduit has been emptied and the machine is to be cooled
down, to fill the conduit with hot water through pipe n³, so that all parts will cool
down at the same rate of speed.
D
J. P. BAYLY,
18 Fulham Place,, W., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
j
Improvements in Milk Sterilizers.
I, EDWARD LESLIE, of 152 Market Street, Paterson County of, Passaio and
State of New Jersey, U.S.A., Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, ito be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to that class of apparatus employed in sterilizing milk,
that is to say subjecting milk to the action of heat to a certain temperature
approximating the boiling point of water, which is sufficient to kill all the germs
of disease which may exist in the milk. The object of my invention is to design
an apparatus which shall have large capacity with small fuel consumption, shall be
easily cleaned and conveniently operated by a small force of men.
To secure these objects I have designed an apparatus in which the milk passes
under control through a milk conduit which is surrounded by a body of hot wator,
the water being hottest at the delivery end of the conduit and coolest at the supply
end. The milk conduit is supplied with an agitating apparatus which is so
constructed that a comparatively thin body of milk is presented to the heating
surface and is continually agitated. The milk after being sterilized is discharged
upon a cooling table where its temperature is reduced to a point at which it can be
safely bottled. All the parts of the sterilizing apparatus are removable and easily
cleaned. The preferred form of my apparatus is illustrated in the drawings left
with the Provisional Specification in which,
!
Fig. 1, is a vertical longitudinal section of the apparatus.
Fig. 2, is a plan view of the same.
Figs. 3 & 4, are end views of the sterilizing apparatus, the cooling table being
removed, and
Fig. 5, is a vertical section of boiler on larger scale."
Throughout the Specification like reference figures refer to like parts, a is the
setting of the boiler of any suitable masonry. b, is the hot water boiler and o, is
the furnace by which it is heated. c', is the grate, c³, the furnace door and of the
ashpit door of said furnace. c, is an extension flue passing along the under side
of the boiler b, and c, ie the vertical flue passing up the chimney c².
d, is the head of the boiler at that end which has the wagon top portion d'; d², is
the head of the other end d³, of the boiler which has the circular cross-section ;
d', is a cast iron collar bolted to the head d, into which the end of the milk
conduit e, passes. e¹, is the connection by which water is fed into or removed from
the hot water boiler b. e³, is a safety valve of the well-known shape attached to
the boiler b.
es, is the head for the milk conduit e, which is fastened to the flange et on the
end of said conduit and also to the boiler head d. This head e, has a central
projection e, which is hollowed out to form a recess with a flaring mouth opening
into the milk conduit e. e, is the other head of the milk conduite, riveted to the
.

page_text: collar d', and e', is the stuffing box through which the shaft passes. f; is the
supply pipe through which milk is fed to the milk conduit e, from the reservoir g.
is a discharge pipe connected to the upper portion of the other end of the milk
conduit e, and 3, is a second discharge pipe connected to this end of the conduit at
its lowest point. These pipes are connected to their extension portions by the
union couplings f. f, is a valve controlling pipe f, and f, isa valve, controlling
pipe, ia the cooling table upon which the milk is discharged after being
sterilized.
f, is a rotatable shaft passing through the milk conduit e, and operated by the
crank h, or by any other convenient means. This crank carries a metal cylinder
made preferably in sections, h, which cylinder is of considerable diameter, being
half or a third of the diameter of the milk conduit e. Any number of stirring
blades, , may be mounted on the exterior of cylinder h; h³, are projecting arms
on the further end of cylinder, provided with friction rollers A. The further
end of the shaft, is rounded off at'i, so that it will easily enter the recess eª,
which has a flaring mouth, as above described.
, is a thermometer mounted on the milk discharge tube f', and i³, is a
thermometer mounted on the hot water boiler b, so that the temperature of the
milk and the hot water can be determined at any moment. 3, is the usual form of
water gauge on the boiler b.
At the upper end of the slightly inclined cooling table f', is formed the
reservoir i, in which the milk is distributed from the discharge pipes and from
which it may flow in an even sheet over the surface of the table. m, is a cover
fitting tightly over the raised sides of the cooling table f. m³, are rows of
diagonal frets which are oppositely inclined so as to thoroughly mix and distribute
the milk over the surface of the table. m², is the reservoir 'into which the cool
milk is discharged by the spout m³.
The operation of my invention is as follows; the hot water boiler being filled
with water up to the water line shown in dotted lines, a fire is built in the
furnace c. When the temperature of the water as shown by thermometer i³, has
risen to the proper. point, milk is admitted from reservoir g, through pipe. f, to
conduite. The outlet pipe is closed by means of the valve f, and the milk
accordingly fills the conduit e, before it begins to overflow through pipe, down
on to the cooling table f'. The manipulation of valve n' in the inlet pipe, will
evidently regulate the speed of the flow of milk through the conduit and its
temperature can hereby be controlled. Rotation is given to shaft f4, by crank h,
and the stratum of milk, which is between the walls of the conduit e, and the
cylinder h¹, is kept continuously stirred by the stirring blades h. It is evident
that the water over the furnace c, will be hotter than that in the other end of the
boiler so that the cool' milk will be received by the cooler water and its temperature
raised gradually as it advances along the conduit e. The making of that portion d',
of the boiler over the furnace in the wagon top shape affords additional room for
the circulation of the hotter portion of the water at that and without its being
forced out to the other end d³, of the boiler.
To empty the sterilizer of milk the valve f, is opened when all the milk in the
conduite, will flow off over the cooling table and into the can m². For cleaning
the apparatus the stirring mechanism can be removed by taking off the head e,
when the cylinder h', can be pulled out.. The arms, and friotion rollers *, will
support the inner ond of the shaft f, and when the stirring apparatus is replaced.
the curved end,, of the shaft, and the flaring mouth of the recess e, will guide
this end of the shaft into the recess and lift it to its bearing so that friction
rollers, will no longer touch the walls of the pipe e.
To remove the conduit, the bolts m, should be taken out and also the bolts m³,
when the whole conduit can be drawn out of the boiler leaving its head e³, in place.
To remove this head the union couplings f³, must be unscrewed so that the
pipes, and can go with the head. The advantages of my invention are
evident. The milk goes from the reservoir g, to the receiving can m², automatically

page_text: and continuously without having to be handled by laborers and without being
exposed to the atmosphere. It is gradually raised to the temperature desired and
its flow can be absolutely and exactly controlled. It is sufficiently cooled in
passing in a constantly regulated current over the cooling table f, so that it can
be drawn off and bottled immediately after its reception in the receiving tank m².
The action of the apparatus is equable, the milk not being scorched at one point
and not heated at the other as is frequently the case in other apparatus and the
body of water in the boiler b, insures uniformity of temperature at any one point
of the boiler throughout adjacent periods of time independent of the necessary
variations of heat in the furnace. The heat generated by the fuel is all
efficiently employed in raising the milk to the desired temperature and none is
wasted.
The pipe n², provided with valve me, is a connection by which water may be
introduced into the milk conduit, e, for the purpose of washing it out. It is also
advisable, after the milk conduit has been emptied and the machine is to be cooled
down, to fill the conduit with hot water through pipe m³, so that all parts will cool
down at the same rate of speed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,. I declare that what
I claim, is:
1. In a milk sterilizing apparatus, the combination with the hot water boiler and its
heads, a milk conduit arranged in said boiler and extending through said heads, an
inflow connection at one end of said milk conduit, an upper and a lower outflow
connection arranged at the other end of the same, and a valve arranged in each of
Baid upper and lower outflow connections, all said parts substantially as and for
the purposes described.
2. In a milk sterilizing apparatus, a cooling table consisting of a slightly inclined
top, a reservoir arranged at one end thereof, and a series of diagonal frets arranged
in opposite directions on said top, all said parts substantially as and for the
purposes described.
3. In a milk sterilizing apparatus the combination of the hot water boiler, the
milk conduit which passes through the same, the head for said conduit provided
with the central recess with flaring mouth, the rotatable shaft in said conduit
provided with stirring blades and having its end rounded off so as to enter the
recess in the head, and one or more arms each provided with a roller which support
the end of the shaft when it is withdrawn from its bearing in the recess,
substantially as described.
4. In a milk sterilizing apparatus, the combination with the furnace, of a hot
water boiler arranged in said furnace, a head on each end of said boiler, a milk
conduit extending through said boiler and through the heads thereof, an inflow
connection on one end of the boiler, an upper and a lower valve controlled outflow
connection at the other end thereof and means for cooling the outflowing milk, said
means being connected with the upper and lower outflow, all said parts, substantially
as and for the purposes described.
5. In a milk sterilizing apparatus, the combination with the hot water boiler, a
milk conduit arranged in said boiler, a removable head on one end of said conduit,
a fixed head arranged on the other end thereof and provided with a recess, having
a flaring mouth, a shaft on said conduit and extending through said removable
head and having its opposite end rounded off and adapted to enter said recess in
the fixed head, and a series of stirring blades arranged on said shaft, all said parts,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
Dated this 28th day of June 1895.
J. P. BAYLY,
18 Fulbam Place, W., Agent for the Applicant.