IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hindle, of Sabden, Calico Printer, William
Fielding Calvert, of Enfield, Cotton Spinner, and Emanuel Thornton, of
Enfield, Manager, all in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hindle, William
Fielding Calvert, and Emanuel Thornton at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th December
1868.
We, JAMES HINDLE, of Sabden, Calico Printer, WILLIAM FIELDING CALVERT,
of Enfield, Cotton Spinner, and EMANUEL THORNTON, of Enfield, Manager,
all in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said,
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to improve the mechanism for fastening and
loosening the reed in weaving cloth with what is termed a loose reed.
Our, Invention consists in fixing to one or both of the crank arms a stop-
finger, which works in connection with a lever fixed to the stop rod or reed
fixer. By the motion of the crank arm the stop finger passes under the lever
fixed to the said stop rod, and by this means fastens the reed at the time the
shuttle is passing through the shed, and also at the time the reed is beating up.
the weft. At another portion of the motion of the crank arm the stop finger
is withdrawn and leaves the reed loose, and if the shuttle in its passage
is

page_text: caught in the shed, the stop rod being loose the reed becomes loose and pre-
vents a trap or breakage of the yarn. There is also a spring attached to a
small lever on the stop rod on one or both sides of the loom, which assists in
keeping the reed from being too easily thrown out during the time that the
stop rod is not held by the stop finger, as before mentioned. When the
shuttle is caught in the shed, the stop rod and reed giving way depresses the
point of the lever on the stop rod, and the point of the stop finger on the crank
arm passes over it, thus securing the perfect liberation or loosening of the
reed until readjusted and relieved by the motion of the crank arm.
Our Invention can be applied to any crank arm, but we prefer the jointed 1
arm as described in the Specification of a Patent granted to us bearing date
the First day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty three, No. 835, as we cannot gain the same advantages from any
other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Hindle, William Fielding Calvert, and Emanuel
Thornton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th June 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
HINDLE, of Sabden, Calico Printer, WILLIAM FIELDING CALVERT, of Enfield,
Cotton Spinner, and EMANUEL THORNTON, of Enfield, Manager, all in the
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said James Hindle, William Fielding Calvert, and Emanuel Thornton,
Her special license that we, the said James Hindle,, William Fielding Calvert,
and Emanuel Thornton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said James Hindle, William Fielding Calvert, and Emanuel
Thornton, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others; from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we; the said James
Hindle, William Fielding Calvert, and Emanuel Thornton, our executors or

page_text: administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our
or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Hindle, William Fielding
Calvert, and Emanuel Thornton, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be parti-
cularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is
to say)
The object of our Invention is to improve the mechanism for fastening and
loosening the reed when what is termed a loose reed is employed in weaving
cloth or other fabrics.
Our Invention.consists in casting or fixing to one or both of the crank arms
a stop finger, which works in connection with a lever welded or fixed to the
stop rod or reed holder. By the motion of the crank arm the stop finger passes
under the lever fixed to the said stop rod, and by this means perfectly fastens
the reed at the time the shuttle is passing through the shed, and also at the
time the reed is beating up the weft. At another portion of the motion of
the crank arm the stop finger is withdrawn and leaves the reed loose, and if the
shuttle in its passage has been caught in the shed, the stop rod being loose
the reed becomes loose and prevents a trap or breakage of the yarn. There is
also a spring attached to a small lever on the stop rod on one or both sides of
the loom, which assists in keeping the reed from being too easily thrown out
during the time that the stop-rod lever is not held by the stop finger, as before
mentioned. When the shuttle is caught in the shed the reed and stop rod
give way, and at the same time the end of the lever on the stop rod is
depressed, so that the tip of the stop finger on the crank arm shall come in
contact-with-the top of the said lever-and-keep-it- down, and thus secure the
perfect liberation or loosening of the reed until it is readjusted and relieved
by the upward motion of the crank arm.
Our Invention can be applied to the jointed crank arms as described in the
Specification of a Patent granted to us bearing date the First day of April, in.
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, Number,
835, or to the ordinary crank arms, or to other descriptions of crank arms.
The manner in which our Invention is to be performed will be clearly
understood by the following description thereof, reference being had to the
figures and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figs. 1

page_text: 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are vertical sections of part of a loom having our improve-
ments attached, the crank arms being of the ordinary description. In Fig. 1
the cranks are at the front centre, with the lay and reed in the position for
beating up the weft; in Fig. 2 the cranks are at the bottom centre; in
Fig. 3, at the back centre; in Fig. 4, at the top centre; in Fig. 5, between
the top and front centres, and in Fig. 6, between the front and bottom centres.
In all the Figures a represents the crank shaft of the loom; b, the cranks;
c, the lay or batten; d, the lay swords; e, the crank arms; f, the reed; g, the
reed cap, in which the reed is suspended; h, the stop rod or reed holder;
i, the finger board for holding the reed in position; and k, the arms connecting
the finger board and stop rod together. To one or both of the crank arms we'
cast or fix a bracket 1, to which we give the name of stop finger, and to the
stop rod opposite the stop finger we weld or fix a cranked lever m, which we
call the stop rod lever; and to the stop rod near the lay swords we fix short
levers or hooks n, each having connected to it one end of the spring o, the
other end of which is linked to a hook p fastened to its corresponding lay
sword. The operation of one or both of the stop fingers, and one or both of
the stop rod levers, is as follows:-Before the cranks are at the front centre,
and when they have arrived there for the beat up, as in Fig. 1, and also during
the motion of the cranks from the front centre to the back centre, Fig. 3, the
end of the stop finger 1 is in contact with the under side of the stop rod lever
m, so as to keep up the finger board or reed holder and maintain the reed
firmly in position. When the cranks are passing the back centre the stop
finger is being gradually withdrawn from the stop rod lever by the upward
motion of the crank arm, and by the time the crank has arrived at the top
centre, Fig. 4, the stop finger and stop rod lever are entirely separated from
each other, only allowing the finger board to be pressed against the reed by
the action of the short levers n and springs o. But if the shuttle has been
caught in the shed, the lay in advancing to the beat up comes in contact with
the shuttle, and then the springs will yield and allow the reed to fall back as
shown in Fig. 5, the stop rod lever being at the same time so depressed as to
allow the tip of the stop finger to move to and fro on the top of it and keep it
down as shewn in Fig. 6; and as this takes place at every revolution of the
crank, the finger board is kept back and the reed kept loose, and therefore no
damage would be caused if by neglect the shuttle be allowed to remain caught
for any length of time. When the shuttle is removed from the shed and the
cranks put in motion the springs o act on the short levers n, and replace the
reed to its proper position in the lay ready for work.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be dis-
tinctly understood that we claim the application of a stop finger to one or
both of the crank arms of a loom, and the application of a stop rod lever or
levers welded or fixed to the stop rod or reed holder h, each lever working in
connection with its corresponding finger for the purpose of fastening and
loosening the reed, and also the employment of the short levers n and
springs o, as all such improvements are herein described and illustrated in
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Hindle and William Fielding
Calvert, for and on behalf of ourselves and the said Emanuel Thornton,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourteenth day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
WILLIAM FIELDING CALVERT. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named James Hindle and
William Fielding Calvert, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.