IMPROVED CASINGS AND SEATINGS FOR STEAK BOILERS FOR SAVING FUEL, TIME, AND LABOUR, AND FOR HEATING WATER AND GENERATING STEAK.”
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Reilly, of the Pomona Palace, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
CASINGS AND SEATINGS FOR STEAK BOILERS FOR SAVING FUEL, TIME, AND
LABOUR, AND FOR HEATING WATER AND GENERATING STEAK.”
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Reilly at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th June 1875.
I, JAMES REILLY, of the Pomona Palace, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED CASINGS AND SEATINGS FOR STEAM BOILERS. FOR SAVING FUEL, TIME,
AND LABOUR, AND FOR HEATING WATER AND GENERATING STRAN," to be as
follows:-
The casings and seatings of most stationary steam boilers are at

page_text: entailing great expense, and allowing, when in use, a great amount of
heat to be lost; and to obviate these defects I employ metal casings and
seatings made as metal chambers, containing water, of which there is a
continuous supply.
In one arrangement the casing in which cach boiler is placed is t
formed of one or more parts, and consists of a hollow bottom, ends, and
sides, the plates being kept at their proper distances apart by any
required number of stays or ties, and to the hollow bottom I fix hollow
standards or supports forming the seatings of the boiler, and through
these standards water circulates.
.~ 16
The bottom of the casing rests on brick walls or other supports
extending from one end to the other, and the front end and sides are
clothed with wood, felt, vegetable charcoal, or other non-heat conductor,
and the bottom communicates with the ends, sides, and standards, there
being in the back end a number of tubes through the metal casing
forming a large heating surface for arresting and absorbing the heat
passing from the flues and under the metal bottom to the chimney.
The forms of the chambered casings and seatings vary according to
the different forms of the boilers, whether used for manufacturing or
domestic purposes, but in all cases the water in the spaces takes up all
the superfluous heat which has hitherto been absorbed in the brickwork
encasing and supporting the boiler, and therefore not only a great loss
of heat is prevented but the water is heated to a high degree, and can
be either pumped or injected into the boiler or used for any other
purpose; and when steam is generated in the hollow casing it is either
forced into the boiler or boilers or used in any other way required.
In another arrangement I place at the sides and below the boiler a
series of double pipes or tubes having passages for the circulation of the
heat and spaces for containing water, and these pipes are connected to
the ends and sides of the casing and also communicate with the bottom
and scatings, and when desired two of the pipes may be used as seatings
for each boiler, and in another modification I place a number of pipes
containing water in the flues, the water being heated for feeding the
boiler or for other purposes.
When two or more boilers are combined I cause, when desired, the

page_text: heated air from the casing and flues of one boiler to pass to the flues
and casing of a second boiler, and so on to a third or more, and thereby
obtain the greatest possible effect from the combustion of the fuel, there
being a fire in one or other of the casings when required to prevent
3 condensation, and in all the arrangements I employ when required
scrapers worked to and fro by any well known means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Reilly in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 16th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
REILLY, of the Pomona Palace, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Reilly, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Reilly, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and,
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED CASINGS
AND SEATINGS FOR STEAM BOILERS FOR SAVING FUEL, TIME, AND LABOR, AND FOR
HEATING WATER AND GENERATING STEAM," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James Reilly, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of 'their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be” per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
roid Tatters Pätenti.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Reilly, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Figures on the
accompanying three Sheets of Drawings and to the letters of reference
marked thereon (that is to say) :—
The casings and seatings of most stationary steam boilers are at
present entirely made of brickwork, requiring a long time to build up,
entailing great expense, and allowing, when in use, a great amount of
heat to be lost; and to obviate these defects I employ metal casings and
seatings made as metal chambers containing water, of which there is a
continuous supply.
In one arrangement the casings in which the boilers are placed have
hollow sides, bottoms, and back ends, the plates being kept at their
proper distances apart by any required number of stays or ties, and to :
the hollow bottom are fixed hollow horizontal standards forming the
seatings or supports of the boiler, and at the same time communicating
with the hollow bottom and back end of the casing, which either rests
on brick walls or other supports extending from one end to the other, or
upon the floor or ground, as may be required, either for permanently
stationary or portable boilers.
The front, sides, and any part of the back end exposed to the
atmosphere are clothed with wood, felt, vegetable charcoal, cement, or
other non-heat conductor, and in the back end of the casing there are
metal tubes for arresting and absorbing the heat passing from the
furnaces and flues of the boiler.
The forms of the chambered casings and seatings vary according to
the different forms of the boilers, whether used for manufacturing or
domestic purposes, but in all cases the water in the spaces takes up all
the superfluous heat which has hitherto been absorbed in the brickwork {
encasing and supporting the boiler, and therefore not only a great loss
of heat is prevented but the water is heated to a high degree of
temperature, and can be pumped into the boiler or boilers, or used in
any other way required.
In another arrangement I place at the sides and below the boiler a §
series of double pipes or tubes having passages for the circulation of the

page_text: heat and spaces for containing water, and these pipes are connected to
the ends and sides of the casing and also communicate with the bottom
and seatings, and when desired two of the pipes may be used as seatings
for each boiler, and in another modification I place a number of pipes
containing water in the flues, the water being heated for feeding the
boiler or for any other
purpose.
When two or more boilers are combined I cause, when desired, the
heated air from the casing and flues of one boiler to pass to the flues
and casing of a second boiler, and so on to a third or more, and thereby
obtain the greatest possible effect from the combustion of the fuel, there
being a fire in one or other of the casings when required to prevent
condensation, and in all the arrangements I employ, when required,
scrapers worked to and fro by any well known means.
On Sheet 1 of the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings, Fig. 1
is a front view; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section; Fig. 8, a transverse
section at the line A, B, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a transverse section at the line
O, D, Fig. 2, looking from the back; and Fig. 5 a sectional plan of
one of my improved casings and seatings for steam boilers, and the
remaining Figs. in Sheet 1, and those on Sheets 2 and 3 are various
views and sections of modifications of the same; and in all the Figures
similar letters refer to similar parts.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 the boiler marked a is enclosed in an iron
casing having hollow sides 6, a hollow bottom c, and a hollow back end
d, the bottom being so formed as to have hollow standards e forming
the seatings or supports of the boiler and for allowing water to circulate
from the sides to the bottom, and to maintain strength cross pipes fare
fixed to them. In this arrangement the casing is supported on metal
cross frames 9 placed in a pit below the floor line h, the metal being
coated as required by fire-clay or fire-bricks, and in the hollow back end
there are horizontal tubes i through which the heat circulates. At the
back of the flues & in the boiler there is a fire-brick wall between the
boiler and the back end of the casing in order to form a down flue from
the boiler to the passage m between the longitudinal seatings or supports
e, from whence the heat passes to the flues n between the casing and
boiler and through the horizontal tubes i, from whence it returns
through the central flue o below the casing to the sido flues p, and

page_text: from thence either direct to the chimney or through one or more
chambers or casings in the flue beyond the hollow back to the chambers
containing cross water tubes or hot-air tubes, as shewn in Figures 9
and 10, Sheet 1, the casings communicating with the casings and
seatings in connection with the boiler.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 6 is a transverse section of tho back end; Fig. 7 a
longitudinal section; and Fig. 8, a sectional plan of another arrangement
of my improved casings and seatings for steam boilers.
5
cross frames q, and the hollow
formed of a wing shape, thero 1
The boiler a is supported on metal
sides 6 are fixed to a hollow back end
being no hollow bottom extending from one side to the other, and to the
hollow sides 6 are fixed cross water pipes similar to those marked ƒ in
Figs. 2, 3, and 5.
To the hollow back are fixed cross pipes a, through which wator
circulates to the sides, the pipes being opposite to the furnace flucs of 1
the boiler, and through the back end thero are longitudinal pipes or
fluest for the passage of the smoke and gases to the chimney.
When the fuel in the furnaces is ignited the heat passes through the
back flue of the boiler between the horizontal pipes s in the back end
'and descends to the passages between the side walls a leading to the 2
front, from whence it passes through fluest direct to the chimney or
through passages in water chambers, Figs. 9 and 10, placed in flues
beyond the hollow back, and these water chambers may be used in all
the various modifications, but when they are used the feed water is first
pumped into them, from whence it is pumped into the casing and 2
seatings surrounding and supporting the boiler, and then pumped into
the boiler itself at any required pressure.
In the cross sections Fig. 11, Sheet 1, I shew a circular casing w
enclosing a single flued boiler a which rests on longitudinal pipes x
containing water and communicating by pipes y with the water in the 3
casing, and the hollow back end = has in it a number of smoke tubes a'
leading to flues of any desired description, it being understood that the
casing rests on brick walls or metal frames with linings of brickwork, as
before described.
In Fig. 12, Sheet 1, I shew a casing 6 in two parts resting on a double 3
pipo a', the sides and pipe being supported on metal frames 6' encased

page_text: in brickwork, and between the boiler and sides there are vertical and
longitudinal water pipes communicating with the back end, and the.
sides and middle are stayed by pipes containing water.
In the cross section, Fig. 13; longitudinal section, Fig. 14; cross
section, Fig. 15; and sectional plan, Fig, 16, Sheet 2, I shew a casing
having two hollow sides b`and a hollow bottom c, the boiler a being
supported on longitudinal supports or seatings e containing water, and
in the hollow back & there is a flue a¹ opposite the furnace flues of the
boiler, the flue a¹ having in it a number of pipes 6' communicating with
the water in the back end and the bridge c', there being cross pipes f
for increasing the heating surface and for staying or strengthening the
parts, and, the heated air and gases pass from the flue a¹ to the flue ď³,
and then along the central flue e to the chimney or through water
chambers.
In the modification shewn in the cross section, Fig. 17; longitudinal
'section, Fig. 18; cross section, Fig. 19; and sectional plan, Fig. 20,
Sheet 2, the main difference from the casing and back and before
described consists in placing in the back a number of long water pipes
f communicating with the water at the top and bottom of the
back end..
In the cross section, Fig. 21; longitudinal section, Fig. 22; and
sectional plan, Fig. 28, Sheet 2, I shew an arrangement in which the
back end containing water is so formed that the heat and gases from the
furnace flues pass through a space g' formed in the back end and through
upright tubes or pipes ¹ to an under flue A, and from thence through
flues m² to pipes or flues n' to the chimney or through passages in an
additional water chamber in the chimney flue..
In the cross section, Fig. 24'; longitudinal section, Fig. 25; and
sectional plan, Fig. 26, I shew a hollow back end d'containing water
communicating with the two hollow sides 6 of the casing, and in the
hollow back end there is a central space pr having cross water pipes q',
and also two side spaces having cross water pipes a communicating
with the water in the sides and bottom of the casing, and the smoke,
heat, and gases, after passing from the furnace flues, pass from the
lower part of the space to the under flue to the front, and from thence
as desired....
"

page_text: In Sheet 3, Fig. 27, is a cross section, and Fig. 28 a sectional plan of
another of my improved casings and seatings adapted to single flued
boilers. In this arrangement hollow sides communicate with a
hollow bottom u² and hollow back end v¹, and the heat, smoke, and
gases from the boiler flue wo¹ pass down and under the boiler to the front 5
end, then back through the side flues ¹, and afterwards at a low
temperature through the small tubes y' to the chimney or through
passages in a water chamber in the chimney flue.
In another arrangement shewn in the cross section Fig. 29, and
sectional plan Fig. 30, Sheet 3, the boiler a is supported on hollow 1
seatings a 2 placed in zig-zag positions, and communicating with the
outer sides b, bottom c, and back end of the casing, which rests on
metal cross frames b', and to the bottom of the casing are fixed water
pipes c³ extending from one end to the other. The heat, smoke, and
gases from the boiler flue pass from the back and between the seatings a³,
and from thence at a low temperature through the flues ď³ to the
chimney in any desired manner.
1
Fig. 31, Sheet 3, is a cross section of another of my improved casings
and seatings. In the bottom of the casing there are corrugated pro-
jections forming hollow seatings for supporting the boiler a, and the 2
heat, smoke, and gases from the boilor flue pass from the back to the
front through the spaces in the corrugations f³, and from thence at a
reduced temperature through the small tubes in the back to tho
chimney, it being understood that in all the arrangements the water in
the casing so absorbs the heat in its passage that it is raised to a high 2
degree of temperature.
When it is desired to obtain steam of very high pressure I employ
several boilers and casings communicating with each other, so that the
heated water from the first casing and boiler is pumped through a second
casing and boiler, which in their turn communicate with a third casing 3
and boiler, and so on as required; and it will be easily seen that by this
arrangement and combination steam of very high pressure can be
generated step by step and be obtained with a comparatively small
amount of fuel.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention 3

page_text: ments and combinations of casings and seatings for steam boilers for
saving fuel, time, and labour, and for heating water and generating
steam, as all such improvements are herein described and illustrated on
the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Reilly, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.