An Improved Non-conducting Covering for Pipes and other Heated Surfaces.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Non-conducting Covering for Pipes and other Heated
Surfaces.
I, HENRY WARD JOHNS of the Dakota Apartment House 72nd Street and 8th Avenue,
New York City, New York, United States of America, Manufacturer and Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for NON-CONDUCTING COVERING
FOR PIPES AND OTHER HEATED SURFACES and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to a new and useful non-conducting covering for pipes,
boilers and other heated surfaces, and it consists in making the covering from succes-
sive layers of soft, compressible and exceedingly porous sheets or slabs of wood pulp
which are to be fire proofed and preferably water proofed. My invention also extends
to the employment of comminuted sponge or other suitable porous material preferably
of a fibrous nature in conjunction with the wood-pulp.
IN THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates one form of my invention in which I show a section of pipe
covering formed of a plurality of layers of fire proofed wood pulp.
Figure 2 illustrates the same as shown in Figure 1, there being also present an
interlayer of asbestos or other fire proof sheet or cement.
Figure 3 illustrates a pipe covering in process of coiling.
Figures 4 & 5 illustrate corrugated and indented sheets or slabs.
Figure 6 illustrates a form of the invention in which the comminuted sponge is
used commingled with the wood pulp.
Figure 7 illustrates the same as that shown in Figure 6 having an interlayer of
asbestos or other fire proof sheet.
In making my improved covering I first form the wood pulp into sheets or slabs A
of such thickness as may be desired preferably but not necessarily by a felting or
pulping process whereby I secure a product possessing great porosity and softness,
this sheet is then subjected to a treatment in any preferred manner with fire proofing
materials, preferably in liquid form. When the sheet has been moistened by its
absorption of the liquid fire proofing material it may be easily rolled into cylindrical
forms upon a suitable mandrel of substantially the diameter of the pipe to which the
covering is to be applied, and when dry it may be sawn or cut into halves for easy
application to the pipes or instead of first making the sheets or slabs and then treating
them with the fire proofing liquid, they may be treated therewith while yet in the
plastic state and then before the sheets have dried they may be rolled or otherwise
formed into cylindrical or other desired shape. Also fire proofing material may be used
which is not in the form of a liquid.
In Figure 2, I illustrate a covering the same as that shown in Figure 1, excepting
that there is applied to the sheet A, before it is rolled into cylindrical form or other-
wise shaped, a sheet, layer or coating B of fire proof substance which will be rolled
up
with the sheet, thus forming an inter-layer, or alternate layer with it in the com-
plete covering. I prefer to use a sheet of asbestos paper or layer of asbestos cement
for this inter-layer B, but any other suitable fire proof or practically fire proof
material may be used instead.
1 also prefer especially if the interlining sheet B is not used, to line the interior or
surface of the covering with a layer or sheet C of pure asbestos, when the covering is
to be used on very hot surfaces.
In Figure 3, 1 illustrate a sheet of the fire proofed pulp with inter-layer in process.
of being rolled up on a mandrel.
I also sometimes treat my sheets or slabs either before they are formed into the
Ikone bli

page_text: desired shape or afterwards as preferred with any suitable water proofing material,
and this treatment may extend throughout all the layers forming the covering or be
applied to certain ones only.
Figures 6&7 illustrate my invention when pieces of sponge preferably finely
divided, are mixed with the wood pulp. In Figure 6, I show also a lining of asbestos
flock paper or other suitable fire proof material and in Figure 7, I show an inter-layer
of the like sheet it is not essential that these interlayers should be absolutely fire
proof. a is the wood pulp. bare the pieces of the sponge. c is an anterior lining
of asbestos or equivalent paper. d is the interlining.
My covering as I believe possesses certain advantages over any other known. It
is very light in weight, quite smooth in exterior surface, very inexpensive, very easy
to manufacture and apply, very clean, and it possess innumerable air spaces
especially where sponge is employed, partly in the body of the material and
partly in the spaces between contiguous sheets, which render it a superior non-
conductor.
Moreover my covering being composed essentially of wood pulp or wood pulp and
sponge are when dry, (in which form I prefer to treat them with the fire proofing
compound) more easily, economically and thoroughly impregnated with a fire proofing
liquid than any other similar material suitable for the purpose.
The exterior of my coverings may be protected by canvas, paper or such other
exterior jacket or binder as may be preferred, and may be decorated with paint or
other suitable substance.
I illustrate my coverings as made into cylindrical forms only, but they may be
flat or of such other shape as desirable to fit the surface to be protected, in which
event the sheets with or without an inter-layer will be cut into smaller sheets and
superposed one upon the other.
The separate sheet or slab whether made with sponge or not may be indented or
corrugated as shown in Figures 4 and 5 or the inter-layer or interlayers may be
indented or corrugated to increase the number of,air cells.
The several sheets, layers or coils of the same sheet or the ends thereof may be
confined in place by any suitable adhesive material or by metallic bands, staples or
rivets or by sewing, nailing or otherwise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
:
First A non-conducting covering composed essentially of superposed layers of soft
porous wood pulp fire proofed, substantially as set forth.
Second: A non-conducting covering composed essentially of superposed layers
of soft porous wood pulp fire proofed and an inter-layer or inter-layers of practically
fire proof material, substantially as set forth.
Third A non-conducting covering composed essentially of superposed layers of
soft porous wood pulp fire proofed and, an interior lining of fire proof material,
substantially as set forth.
Fourth A non-conducting covering composed essentially of superposed layers of
fire proofed, soft, porous wood pulp mixed with fire proofed comminuted sponge or
like bodies, substantially as set forth.
Fifth A non-conducting covering composed essentially of superposed layers of
soft, porous wood pulp mixed with comminuted sponge or like bodies and fire
proofed and an inter-layer.or inter-layers of practically fire proof material, substantially
as set forth.
Sixth-A non-conducting covering composed essentially of superposed layers of
soft, porous wood pulp mixed with comminuted sponge or like bodies and fire proof
material, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 9th day of Julie 1890
.