IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNAMENTING METAL CERAMIC AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1885

page_text: I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the county of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
ORNAMENTING METAL CERAMIC AND OTHER ARTICLES (a communication from
Gustav Gehring, of Landshut, Bavaria Doctor Juris and Burgomaster), to be as
follows:-
According to a known method devised by the same inventor articles made of
Metal, glass, ceramic wares and the like have been ornamented as follows:-Fatty
or resinous combinations of alumina i.e. aluminous soaps have been mixed with
spike oil or other essential oil, a suitable quantity of powdered aluminium is added
together with a suitable flux, if required, and the whole formed into a thin pulp or
paste. This is applied by a brush to the carefully cleansed surface required to be
ornamented and the article is then dried, fired and polished. Now it has been
found that all metallic oxides and artificial colors used for decorating or orna-
menting metals glass and ceramic articles, natural or artificial stones and the like
as well as preparations of gold silver and platinum can be more perfectly and more
evenly fired on articles of metal glass and ceramic ware &c when the said oxides
or other materials are prepared as hereunder described instead of being rubbed up
with oil, turpentine or other essential oils or with solutions of gum and the like.
The oxides colors or the like are mixed with the aluminous preparation above
referred to and then applied to the surface to be decorated and the article is fired
by means of a Bunsen flame or a charcoal fire in a muffle in an annealing kiln or
by a blow pipe flame and the firing may take place at a red heat.
By applying an aluminous layer first colors thus prepared may be fired upon any
metal even upon brass.
If these colors are prepared with the aluminium preparation, they will appear
"dead" or "matt" after firing, if prepared with the aluminous solution they
will appear bright or brilliant. Another advantage is the aluminium preparation as

page_text: well as the aluminous solution may be fired in the same heat. By adding the
aluminium preparation a considerable range of varying tints may be produced in
the same manner as hitherto done by adding whites.
As the colors by the addition of the aluminous or aluminium preparation are
rendered less fusible, a suitable proportion of flux is added before the aluminium
and aluminous preparations, the exact proportions required must be ascertained by
test. It may be mentioned that these preparations will stand firing without
causing the glaze to be cracked.
A preparation of tin will perfectly unite with the above mentioned preparation
of aluminium on heating. They may be mixed in any proportions and will yield a
good white, the tin in such mixture will even bear red heat.

page_text: Improvements in Ornamenting Metal, Ceramic, and other.
Articles.
I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from
Gustav Gehring, Doctor juris and Burgomaster of Landshut, Bavaria) and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
==
According to a known method devised by the same inventor articles made of
metal, glass, ceramic wares and the like have been ornamented as follows:-
Fatty or resinous combinations of alumina i.e. aluminous soaps have been mixed
with spike oil or other essential oil, a suitable quantity of powdered aluminium is
added together with a suitable flux if required and the whole formed into a thin
pulp or paste. This is applied with a brush to the carefully cleaned surface
required to be ornamented and the article is then dried, fired and polished. Now it
has been found that all metallic oxides and artificial colours used for decorating or
ornamenting metals, glass and ceramic articles, natural or artificial stones and the
like, as well as preparations of gold, silver, and platinum can be more perfectly and
more evenly be fired on articles of metal, glass, and ceramic ware etc when the
said oxides or other materials are prepared as hereunder described instead of being
rubbed up with oil, turpentine or other essential oils or with solutions of gum and
the like.
Aluminium preparation consists of a mixture of alumina soap, volatile oil and a
suitable quantity of aluminum powder.
Alumina soap is prepared by forming a solution of fatty or resinous soap and
precipitating by means of alum; or basic aluminium palmitate, such as is used in
soap manufacture, may be used mixed with a suitable resin, such as copaiva resin.
Aluminous solution consists of a solution of aluminium oxide in volatile oil.
The oxides, colours or the like are mixed with the aluminium preparation above
referred to and then applied to the surface to be decorated and the article is fired
by means of a Bunsen flame, or a charcoal fire, in a muffle, in an annealing kiln or
by a blow-pipe flame and the firing may take place at a red heat.
By firing and coating the article first with aluminium preparation or solution
colours thus prepared may be fired upon any metal even upon brass.
If these colours are prepared with the aluminium preparation they will appear
"dead" after firing, if prepared with the aluminous solution they will appear
bright or brilliant. Another advantage is that the aluminium preparation as
well as the aluminous solution may be fired in the same heat. By adding the
aluminium preparation a considerable range of varying tints may be produced in
the same manner as hitherto done by adding whites.
As the colours by the addition of the aluminous solution or aluminium pre-
paration are rendered less fusible, a suitable proportion of flux is added before the
aluminium and aluminous preparations, the exact proportions required must be
ascertained by test. It may be mentioned that these preparations will stand firing
without causing the glaze to be cracked.

page_text: A preparation of tin will perfectly unite with the above mentioned preparation
of aluminium on heating. They may be mixed in any proportions and will yield
a good white; the tin in such mixture will even bear red heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is
1. The method of coating metal glass, ceramic ware natural and artificial stones
and the like with aluminous preparations or fatty or resinous combinations of
alumina with or without tin in combination with enamel colours or metal oxides
and flux substantially as specified.
2. The production of articles of metal, glass, ceramic ware, natural and artificial
stones and the like, coated or decorated with the above described preparation.
Dated this 5th day of July 1886.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents.