Improvements in Looms for Weaving and Apparatus connected therewith.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 12th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 11th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving and Apparatus connected
therewith.
I, ARTHUR SOWDEN, of Pine Wood House, Bradford, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the construction of looms and the dobby
apparatus connected therewith for operating the warp threads in the loom in such
a manner that, I am enabled to reduce the number of cards or lags amounted in the..
dobby for actuating the warp threads when weaving cloth having two or more
designs thereon; and to so operate the cloth beam that, when the design of the
cloth requires the warp to be moved a considerable distance without any weft being
thrown across the fabric, for the operation to be automatically, accomplished
between one pick of the shuttle and the return of the shuttle for the next pick
without having to stop the loom.
I accomplish my object in the following manner :- -The pattern cards or lags for
operating the healds and warp threads are mounted in the usual position and
rotated by reciprocating pawls so arranged, that, two or more cards or lags are
"turned" for each pick of the shuttle, the selection of the series of cards or lags
required for the pattern being obtained by another set of cards or lags which
operate at the regulated time a lever attached to a rocking arm by which the
respective pawls are allowed to fall into position for operating the cards or lags
required for the change of pattern, those pawls not required being held in a position
so that they are inoperative.
When the pattern of the design requires the warp threads to move a con-
siderable distance between one pick and the next, as for example, when forming
the fringes of towels and the like; this is accomplished by a series of rods and
levers connecting the dobby or heald operating mechanism to the loom. When
the rods and levers are operated in one direction by a lag or card on the dobby or
the like, an arm is brought into such position that, a revolving tappet is moved
some distance on the shaft supporting same, in such a manner that, the brake
pressure on the warp beam is released, thus allowing the warp to be easily drawn
therefrom by the rotation of the take up and cloth beams. Or it may be
accomplished by passing the warp round a series of rollers under pressure, by
which the necessary drag is obtained, the liberation being effected by connecting
one of the rollers by gearing to the take up roller.
.
The movement of the warp between one pick and the next is accomplished
by a connection with the before mentioned rods and levers, by which another
arm is operated and the end brought into such position that, a rotating disc having
some wheel teeth on the circumference is moved on the shaft in the direction of
its axis, bringing the teeth into gear with the teeth of a lock plate, thereby
causing same to turn part of a revolution.
Secured to the lock plate is a stud connected by a rod to a lever so that,
on the rotation of the lock plate, the lever is operated, thereby causing a toothed
bar to rotate a pinion mounted loose on the take up beam spindle. This
pinion is attached to a plate upon which are mounted a number of pawls
engaging with the teeth of a wheel secured on the before mentioned spindle, and
by the pawls engaging with the teeth of the wheel, it is rotated a sufficient distance
for drawing the length of warp threads required from the warp beam, whilst the
brake weight is removed from the latter, or by the simultaneous operation of the
before mentioned rollers, during the working of the loom; the take up and

page_text: cloth beams being retained on the reversal of the operating mechanism, by one
or more pawls engaging with a wheel, secured on the take up beam spindle.
Before or immediately after the return of the shuttle across the loom, the
rods, levers and arms will have returned to their original position, thereby causing
the rotating tappet and disc to return also, by which means, the brake weight
is again applied to the warp beam, and the pinion and plate with pawls thereon
brought back to their. former position, on the returning movement the pawls
slide over and do not operate the wheel and beam, the same being retained in the
,manner as herein before described.
In order that the pawls for operating the take up and cloth beams may be
disengaged from the wheel, I mount on the spindle a circular plate having a conical
periphery so that on sliding the plate towards the pawls, they are raised clear of
the teeth of the wheel, thus allowing the beam to be adjusted.
The healds are operated by discs and lock plates similar to those described for
actuating the take up beam, the discs being moved on the rotating shaft into and
out of gear with the teeth of the lock plates by bars, attached to needles which
are operated by cards or lags of the dobby.
Dated this 10th day of March 1892.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.
:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving and Apparatus connected
therewith.
I, ARTHUR SOWDEN, of Pine Wood House, Bradford, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object, the construction of looms and dobby apparatus
connected therewith for operating the warp threads in the loom, in such a manner
that, I am enabled to reduce the number of cards or lags mounted on the pattern
surface cylinder for actuating the warp threads when weaving cloth having two or
more designs thereon; and to so operate the cloth beam that, when the design of
the cloth requires the warp to be moved a considerable distance without any weft
being thrown across the fabric for the operation to be automatically accomplished
between one pick of the shuttle and the return of the shuttle for the next pick,
without having to stop the loom.
In describing my invention in detail, reference is made to the accompanying
sheet of drawings in which
Fig. 1 represents a back elevation of certain portions of a loom with my
improvements added thereto, and so much of a dobby as is required to explain
.my invention.
.
Fig. 2 is an end view of the loom and mechanism for releasing the brake chains
on the warp beam and operating the cloth beam.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the connections with the cloth beam.
Fig. 4 a detail of the ratchet wheel and pawls mounted on the cloth beam spindle,
the ratchet wheel being secured thereon.
Figs. 5 and 6, details of the disc and lock plate mechanism for operating the
cloth beam, and
Fig. 7 a detached detail of the mechanism for actuating the additional cylinder
mounted on the dobby.
The frame A of the dobby is mounted in the usual position and motion
transmitted to the ordinary parts of the apparatus by the oscillating lever B
in the usual manner.
The pattern card or lag cylinder C for supporting the cards or lags of the pattern

page_text: surface for selecting the healds and warp threads to be operated, is mounted in
the usual position and when weaving cloth having two designs thereon, the said
cylinder is intermittently rotated as required by two pawls D mounted one behind
the other on the pin at E passing through one of the oscillating levers B.
The cylinder C supports and operates two sets of cards or lags, that is, each
alternate card or lag belong to one design, and the other to the other design to
be woven in the fabric.
The selection of the series of cards or lags on the cylinder is regulated by an
additional set of cards or lags mounted on the cylinder G which is rotated at
intervals in the manner as hereinafter described.
The cylinder G is turned on its axis when required by the pattern of the design,
by means of connections with the cylinder C, shown by detached detail Fig. 7.
When the cylinder G is required to turn, the lever 10 mounted on a fulcrum bar
at 11, is raised to the position shown, by a peg on one of the lags mounted on
cylinder C, the opposite end of the lever and the upright bar 12 resting thereon
therefore descend, thus bringing the reciprocating catch bar 13 coupled to one arm
of an oscillating .lever mounted on shaft B¹ into a suitable position, so that, on
moving in the direction of arrow, the bar will engage with one of the teeth of catch
wheel 14, and thereby turn the cylinder the distance required.
When the end of lever H is raised by a peg in a lag on the cylinder G, the
rocking arm J directly connected to the said lever by rod J¹ or by the latter being
connected to a lever on the fulcrum shaft J2 to which the rocking arm J is also
attached, the end of rocking arm at J³ is lowered, and the opposite end of said
arm moved in the other direction.
The end of the arm J³ is connected by a chain L to one of the pawls D'and the
opposite end to the arm J by a chain L¹ to the other pawl, the arm being held
when unaffected by the lever H in its normal position, as shown by the spiral
spring S.
The cylinder C is operated by two pawls D acting alternately on the catch
wheel-M, mounted on the cylinder spindle, one behind the other and so arranged
that, the points of the teeth of one wheel are in the centre of the spaces of
the other wheel, and when the rocking lever or arm J is in the position shown, the
pawl D shown by full lines is operative on the wheel and cylinder, but should the
rocking arm J be changed to the position shown by dotted lines, the operative
position of the pawls or catches D'are changed, that shown by full lines being
raised clear of the catch wheel, and that shown by dotted lines lowered such a
distance that the cylinder C is turned the distance of one card or lag, thus changing
the pattern, the catch wheel being operated at the next pick so as to bring the
alternate lag mounted on the cylinder into the required position the cylinder. being
turned over a space equal to two lags each pick. The pawl will continue operating
the catch wheel until the lever H and arm J are allowed to return to their normal
position, thus placing the pawl shown by full lines in the position for operating the
cylinder C a distance of two cards or lags each stroke of the pawl.
When the pattern of the design requires the warp threads to move a considerable
distance between one pick of the shuttle and the next, as for example, when
fortning the fringes of towels and the like, this is accomplished by the operation
of the card or lag cylinder G actuating a lever H connected by a series of rods and
levers N to the bell crank lever O, one arm of which is brought into contact with
one side or the other of a projection 15 on a revolving and sliding cam or tappet P
mounted on the bottom shaft Q of loom and driven by a feather key. When the
cam or tappet P is moved on the shaft Q a certain distance, a swell or extended
portion of the same comes in contact with the pulley R, on end of lever. Ri
fulcrumed on a stud S¹, the opposite end of said lever is raised, and by the brake
lever T resting on same, it is raised also, thus releasing the friction of the
chains C around the warp beam W.
The movement of the warp between one pick of the shuttle and the next, is
accomplished by the rod N connected to a top lever Hand bell, crank lever O',

page_text: in a similar manner as O is connected. By the operation of the bell crank
lever O in the same manner as lever O, the end comes in contact with a similar
projection to 15 on disc U, thus causing the said disc which is provided with teeth
on a portion of the circumference to slide on rotating shaft Q into such a position
that, the wheel teeth gear into the wheel teeth of a lock plate V, thereby causing
same to turn part of a revolution; the lock plate wheel having teeth all round
the circumference.
Secured to the lock plate V is a stud, and is connected by a rod W₁ to a
lever X shown more clearly by details Figs. 5 and 6, so that, on the rotation
of the lock plate V. one half of a revolution, the lever X is operated on its
fulcrum pin, thereby causing a toothed bar Y to rotate a pinion Z mounted
loose on the take up or cloth beam spindle 1. This pinion is attached to a
plate 2. upon which are mounted a number of pawls 3 engaging with the teeth
of a ratchet wheel 4 secured on the before named spindle; and by the pawls 3
engaging with the teeth of the wheel, the latter is rotated a sufficient distance
for drawing the length of warp threads required from the warp beam W, at the
time the brake friction is removed from the last mentioned beam.
When the warp has been drawn from the liberated beam in the manner described,
the teeth on the disc U will again engage with the teeth on the lock plate V,
thus operating the latter one half of a revolution, bringing the lever X and toothed
bar Y back to their original position, the pawls 3 sliding over the ratchet
wheel 4, and the cloth beam retained by pawls and wheels in the usual manner.
"Before or immediately after the return of the shuttle across the loom, the
rods N and N' and connections therewith are operated and returned to their
original position, thus applying the brake on the warp beam, and the operation
of weaving continued.
In order that the pawls 3 may be disengaged from the wheel 4, I mount on the
cloth beam spindle 1. a circular plate 5, having a conical periphery so that, on
operating the lever 6 in one direction, the plate is moved towards the pawls 3,
thereby raising same clear of the teeth of the wheels, thus allowing the beain to be
adjusted when necessary.
It will be readily understood by persons conversent with the art of weaving
that, the regulation of the bell crank levers and O' may be accomplished by
connecting same with suitable rods and levers to one of the levers in connection
with the circular shuttle box operating mechanism constructed and mounted in the
usual manner.
'
When weaving cloth having more than two designs thereon, I accomplish
same by apparatus constructed and arranged in a manner shown by diagramatical
view: Fig. 8; on Sheet 2, by which arrangement the rocking arm J is dispensed
with, and a series of levers 17 substituted which are mounted on fulcrum pin 18
and connected by a rod 19 to the respective levers H mounted in the same position
and operated by the additional cylinder G in the manner as before described.
By way of example for showing how this part of my invention may be carried
into effect, when weaving cloth having three designs thereon, I use by preference
a cylinder C of the ordinary construction having twelve grooves therein such as is
shown by section Fig. 9.
The grooves are for the reception of the lags, and when weaving a cloth having
three designs thereon, three levers H. and three levers 17 are required, also three
catch wheels M and three pawls D, the catch wheels being secured on spindle of
cylinder C in such a manner that, the teeth of same are not all in the same line,
but bear relation to the respective lags on the cylinder and pattern in a corre-
sponding manner as when the piece contains two designs only, and two catch
wheels M employed.
The pawls D are mounted on a pin E attached to an arm of oscillating lever B
as before described, and when any lever H is raised by a peg in the cylinder G.
the respective lever 17 is operated, allowing the pawl Ď supported by the lever to
descend and engage with the teeth of a catch wheel M. and operate the same and

page_text: card or lag cylinder C a distance equal to three lags at each stroke of the pawl,
those levers H that are not raised hold the respective levers 17 in the position
that the pawls supported thereby are kept clear of the catch wheels M.
When weaving cloth having four designs thereon, four sets of levers, catch
wheels and pawls are employed, in combination with a cylinder C having twelve
grooves therein as shown by Fig. 9, in which case each catch wheel M is provided
with three teeth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a dobby the combination of a lever H with the rocking arm J. chains L.
and L ratchet wheels M and cylinder Carranged substantially in the manner
shown and for the purpose as described.
2. The combination of a lever H with the bell crank lever O. cam or tappet P.
lever R and brake lever T substantially in the manner and for the purpose as
herein before set forth.
3. The combination of a lever H with a bell crank lever O¹ disc U lock plate V.
lever X and connections to cloth beam spindle 1. arranged substantially in the
manner and for the purpose as hereinbefore set forth.
4. The combination of the lever 6. with the circular plate 5. and pawls 3 for
the purpose as hereinbefore set forth.
5. The combination of the levers H with levers 17. pawls D. catch wheels M.
and cylinder C arranged and operated substantially in the manner and for the
purpose as hereinbefore set forth.
6. The combination of the parts forming the complete apparatus for liberating
the friction on the warp beam and actuating the cloth beam all arranged sub-
stantially as and for the purpose as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 10th day of December 1892.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.