IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANING MACHINES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lionel Varicas, of 24, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANING
MACHINES." A communication from abroad by William Howard Doane, of
Cincinnati, in the County of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, United States of
America
Sealed the 18th February 1879, and dated the 9th October 1878.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Lionel Varicas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th October 1878.
LIONEL VARICAS, of No. 24, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent.. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANING MACHINES." A communication from abroad
by William Howard Doane, of Cincinnati, in the County of Hamilton, and State of
Ohio, United States of America.
This Invention relates to surface planers so adapted that stuff may be planed on
them by passing it either over or under the cutter head.
My improvement consists in arranging a short table underneath the cutter head,
and combining therewith two other tables, which are adapted by suitable adjustments
to assume the same level as the short table, and thus serve as extensions thereof,
in which case the machine is in condition to plane by passing the stuff under the
cutter head, or to be set in proper relation to the cutter head, and act as the
supporting tables for the stuff when it is to be planed by passing it over the cutter
head.
In the annexed Drawings,-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved surface planer when arranged for
planing below the cutter head. Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the
machine arranged as in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof, shewing the adjustment of the
tables for planing over the cutter head.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section.
Figures 5 6 and 7 ore detailed views.

page_text: The same letters of reference are used in all the Figures in the designation of
identical parts.
The construction of the particular machine selected as an illustration of the
embodiment of my Invention will be readily understood from the following des-
cription and the Drawings therein referred to:-The journals of the cutter head A
turn in suitable bearings centrally located on the top of the respective sides B1, B¹,
of the stand or frame B. Feed rolls C and C are placed at opposite sides of the
cutter head, the journals of which rolls turn in boxes elastically seated, and project
at one end to receive spur wheels c and c), which may be driven from the main
shaft D through the medium of such gearing as shewn in Figure 1 or by any other
preferred means. The cutter head is also driven from the main shaft A by belt
gearing as shewn.
E refers to the short table underneath the cutter head. It forms the top of a
framework E', provided with vertical rails e, e, on the sides opposed to the
sides B¹, B¹, of the stand, which rails are snugly fitted to slide on corresponding
ways b, b, on the stand. This table E is supported adjustably on vertical screw
spindles F and F, which are mounted in fixed brackets b¹, b, on opposite sides of
the stand and engage nuts e¹, e', fixed to or formed in flanges on the bottom of the
framework E' of the table. The screw spindles are operated for the purpose of
adjusting the height of table E with reference to the cutter head by a cross shaft G
and intermediate bevel gearings G¹, G¹, the cross shaft having its bearings in the
stand through which it projects at one end to receive a hand wheel or winchi by
which to turn it.
Rollers E², E², constituting counters to the feed rolls C, C³, are arranged in slots
in table E, as clearly shewn in Figures 2 and 3.
H and I are two tables connected with and supported on vertically adjustable
brackets H' and I' respectively on opposite sides of the cutter head. Both these
tables are constructed and arranged precisely alike; each has dovetailed rails on
its under side fitting correspondingly dovetailed slideways on the upper side
of the horizontal portion of its respective bracket, as shewn in Figure 5, and
each is secured to its bracket by a clamping screw K, which passes through an
elongated slot k in the bracket into a tap on the under side of the table, the
slot k admitting of any required extent of adjustment of the table toward and from
the cutter head in a horizontal direction. The brackets are in this instance carried
on the framework El of table E, engaging, as best seen in Figure 4, with dove-
tailed rails the vertical dovetailed slideways on said frame.
Each bracket is sup-
ported by a vertical screw spindle L, which turns in a bearing in lug 7 of the
bracket, and engages a nut 11, secured to or formed in the framework E¹. Each
screw spindle L is operated by an independent mechanism composed of bevel
gearing L' and short shaft L², supported in a bearing of the bracket and protruding
sufficiently for the application of a hand wheel or winch, or both. Antifriction
rollers are arranged in the outer ends of the tables H and I, the upper surface of
which is preferably offsetted as shewn.
It should be observed that the size of the feed rolls C and C is kept within such
limits that the tables H and I can move over them without interference in the act
of adjusting them to position as the supporting table for stuff to be planed by
passing it over the cutter head.
M refers to a hood and chip breaker, which is used only when the stuff is planed
below the cutter, head, and N to a guide or fence which comes into requisition in
doing certain work when the stuff is planed by passing it over the cutter head.
Both the fence and the combined hood and chip breaker may be of any preferred
construction suitable for use on this machine, and both must be arranged so that
they can be readily detached. The journals of the chip breaker are to this end
adapted to bearings O (see Figure 7) which are open on top, and are provided each
with a turn bottom O¹ to be turned over the journals of the chip breaker when
applied, and prevent it from becoming detached accidentally while in use.
It will be readily understood that the vertical and horizontal adjustability of the

page_text: tables H and I admits of arranging them readily either on a level with the short
table E, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, to serve as extensions of said table, or in
planes nearly on a level with the upper side of the cutter head to serve as inde-
pendent tables in the manner shown in Figure 3. The independent adjustability
of the tables H and I being preserved, they may of course be set in different planes
as required when the machine is used, as shewn in Figure 3.
It is, of course necessary that the cutter head and the table E be adjustable, one
with reference to the other, but I wish it to be distinctly understood that my
Invention as herein-before described is not limited to a structure in which the
table E is adjustable with reference to the cutter head since the cutter head may
be mounted adjustably and the table E be fixed without departing from the
principle of my Invention.
It should also be clearly understood that the manner of mounting the several
tables and the specific means of adjustment described are not matters of essence as
regards my Invention broadly considered.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
1. The combination, substantially as specified, of the cutter head, the short table E
underneath thereof, and the tables which serve as extensions of the short table
when the stuff is fed under the cutter head, and as independent tables when the
stuff is fed over the cutter head.
2. The combination, substantially as specified, of the vertically adjustable short
table E underneath the cutter head, and the tables H and I connected with said
short table, but also vertically adjustable with respect thereto.
3. The combination, substantially as specified, of the vertically adjustable short
table E underneath the cutter head, and the tables H and I connected with said
short table, but also both vertically and horizontally adjustable with respect
thereto.
4. The combination, substantially as specified, of the cutter head, the short
table E underneath thereof, the feed rolls, and the tables H and I, which are both
vertically and horizontally adjustable with respect to the other mechanical elements
enumerated in this claim.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lionel Varicas, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
LIONEL VARICAS. (L.S.)