IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUGAR CUTTING MACHINES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Theodore Dann, of 1, Crawshay Road,
North Brixton, in the County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUGAR CUTTING
MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Nicolas Jean Marie
Leduc, of 22, Rue Baudin, Paris, in the Republic of France.
Sealed the 20th December 1875, and dated the 24th June 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Theodore Dann
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 24th June 1875.
I, JOSEPH THEODORE DANN, of 1, Crawshay Road, North Brixton, in
the County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUgar
CUTTING MACHINES,' a communication to me from abroad by Nicolas
Jean Marie Leduc, of 22, Rue Baudin, Paris, in the Republic of France,
to be as follows :—
"
Instead of the alternate action of the cutting tool generally employed

page_text: of the available time and labour is practically wasted, the machine
constructed according to my Invention has for its main object and
leading feature the entire and exhaustive utilisation of the time and
labour devoted to the sugar outting operation. To this end I sub-
stitute cutting rollers or cylinders in sets of two for the knives &
or similar organs at present in use. These rollers I construct in
the manner of the usual grooved crushing rollers, but with this difference,
that I furnish each of them with a series of sharp blades or cutters
parallel to its axis. I actuate each set of cutting rollers by means of a
set of toothed wheels, equal to one another in diameter, and furnished 1
with teeth or cogs of sufficient length to enable the distance of their
axes, and consequently that of the rollers, to be increased or reduced
by means of set screws or other suitable adjusting gear according to the
size of the lumps of sugar to be cut. By actuating the spindle or axis
of one of the rollers by means of a conic pinion set in motion by riggers 1
or other intermediate organs worked upon by the prime mover I cause
the rollers to seize the lump placed within their reach and cut it up
into regular square pieces. I also furnish each set of rollers with a fly
wheel for accumulating and preserving part of the vis viva required for
steady working; and with the stand of the machine I combine a set of
longitudinal railings furnished with an adjusting gear like the rollers,
and having for their object to enable the rollers to be continuously fed
with lumps of sugar by a hand working on one side, and the prisms of
sugar cut by the rollers to be readily removed and packed by the hand
working on the other side of the machine. By this method I utilize the
entire labour of the machine and produce parallelopipeds of sugar of
greater regularity than those cut by any of the various machines
hitherto used for the same purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Theodore Dann in the Great Seal Patent 80
Office on the 23rd December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
THEODORE DANN, of 1, Orawshay Road, North Brixton, in the County
of Surrey, Civil Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Joseph Theodore Dann, Her special licence
that I, the said Joseph Theodore Dann, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Theodore Dann, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the. United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SUGAR CUTTING MACHINES," a. com-
munication to me from abroad by Nicolas Jean Marie Leduc, of 22, Rue
Baudin, Paris, in the Republic of France, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Joseph Theodore Dann, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
·six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Theodore Dann, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings:
Instead of the alternate action of the cutting tool generally employed
in sugar cutting machines, and by the use of which well nigh one half
of the available time and labour is practically wasted, the machine
) constructed according to my Invention has for its main object and
leading feature the entire and exhaustive utilisation of the time and
labour devoted to the sugar cutting operation. To this end I substitute
cutting rollers or cylinders in sets of two for the knives or similar organs
at present in use. These rollers I construct in the manner of the usual
grooved crushing rollers, but with this difference, that I furnish each of
them with a series of sharp blades or cutters parallel to its axis. I
actuate each set of cutting rollers by means of a set of toothed wheels,
equal to one another in diameter, and furnished with teeth or cogs of
=

page_text: sufficient length to enable the distance of their axes, and consequently
that of the rollers, to be increased or reduced by means of set screws or
other suitable adjusting gear according to the size of the lumps of sugar
to be cut. By actuating the spindle or axis of one of the rollers by
means of a conic pinion set in motion by riggers or other intermediate
organs worked upon by the prime mover I cause the rollers to seize the
lump placed within their reach and cut it up into regular square pieces.
I also furnish each set of rollers with a fly wheel for accumulating and
preserving part of the vis viva required for steady working; and with
the stand of the machine I combine a set of longitudinal railings
furnished with an adjusting gear like the rollers, and having for their
object to enable the rollers to be continuously fed with lumps of sugar
by a hand working on one side, and the prisms of sugar cut by the
rollers to be readily removed and packed by the hand working on the
other side of the machine. By this method I utilize the entire labour
of the machine and produce parallelopipeds of sugar of greater regularity
than those out by any of the various machines hitherto used for the
"
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings I have shown in Figure 1 an
elevation, partly in section, of a sugar cutting machine constructed
according to my Invention; and in Figure 2 I have shewn a plan of the
same machine, one-half as a section along the lines x², x, y³, Figure 1.
B, B', are the stands of the machine, joined together by the ties,
rungs, or spells E, E³, and surmounted by the platform T and the frame-
work C. The shaft A, which in this instance is actuated by the
rigger P, sets the conic wheels c, c², in motion. e, el, are the cutting
rollers, furnished with blades in the manner herein-before set forth, and
one of which is mounted upon or forms a solid piece with the spindle of
the pinion c¹, whilst the axis of the other may be shifted or displaced
horizontally by means of a set of adjusting screws y, y¹. The joint
revolution of the cutting rollers c, c', is effected by means of the
gearing p, p, and the vis viva is accumulated in the fly wheel V
surrounding the axis of the roller e. The stands and framework of the
machine may be of any shape or description, and may be consolidated
by means of the web S or in any other fashion. The railings r,
³, aro
adjustable by means of the set screws or other appliances m, m³, n, n',

page_text: and in this manner the entire efficacy of the feeding operation is made
doubly secure, as herein-before set forth.
The views shewn in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings only
illustrate or exemplify the mode and manner of constructing a machine
designed to achieve the object aimed at by my Invention. In regard to
the particulars of the construction, and more especially the nature
and configuration of the ancillary or subservient organs, I do not confine
myself to the illustrations contained in the aforesaid Sheet of Drawings,
but on the contrary prefer in some instances to use different mechanisms
and different actuating gear from the conic and cylindrical wheels and
the riggers shown, the cutting rollers themselves being essential, and
the subsidiary mechanisms but contingent to my Invention.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and illustrated
the same in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, I wish it to be
understood that I do not claim the use of automatic mechanical
appliances generally for performing the excision of prismatic pieces of
sugar, such appliances having been known and employed for the same
purpose heretofore; but what I claim is,-
First. The construction and use or employment of adjustable sets of
rollers furnished with cutting plates for the purpose of cutting sugar,
in the manner herein set forth and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
Secondly. The construction and use or employment of a combination
of mechanical organs or appliances for actuating cutting rollers, in the
manner herein set forth and exemplified in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
(L.S.) JOSEPH THEODORE DANN.
J. T. DANN,
1, Crawshay Road, North Brixton, S.W.