Improvements in the Treatment of Coal so as to Obtain Separate Products therefrom and Apparatus for that Purpose.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 31st Dec., 1888
Improvements in the Treatment of Coal so as to Obtain Separate
Products therefrom and Apparatus for that Purpose.
I, JOHN IMRAY of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, and Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to the treatment of coal so as to get rid of incombustible
substances mixed therewith, and to obtain portions of various sizes and characters,
such as fine coal, coarse coal or nuts, pyrites, intergrown coal that is to say coal mixed
up with mineral matter, and the "schlamm or sludge produced in the washing.
This treatment is effected by various machines, mostly of known kinds, arranged in
such a manner that the coal under treatment passes through them without manipulation,
time and labour being thus greatly economised. The process is as follows:-First, the
coal is sized by a screening drum preferably of the kind described in a Provisional
Specification No. 6340 of 1888. This separates the coal into portions of different
sizes, slack, peas, nuts and cobbles, and the coal of each size drops into a jigging
machine where it is washed and sifted in the usual way. The several jigging machines
are conveniently arranged in a row worked from shafting at suitable speed. From
the jiggers the peas, nuts and cobbles are carried separately, by a flush of water, each
sort into a drum for draining. Also from the jiggers that act on the larger sizes
there is separated a quantity of intergrown or stony coal which is treated separately..
The draining drums, like the jiggers, are conveniently arranged in a row, each
delivering its appropriate sizo of coal into trucks, whilst the sludge which passes through
the finer meshes of these drums is conveyed by a flush of water to a fine screening
drum which separates it into two or more sizes.
The schlamm or sludge is dealt with in the manner described in the Specification
No. 7399 of 1885. The intergrown or stony coal from the coarser jiggers is conveyed

page_text: by suitable worms and elevators to a set of crushing rolls or stone breakers, by which.
the pieces are opened up. Thence the pieces are transferred to a jigger or set of
jiggers which may be one of the row of jiggers.
By this the stony parts are separated from the coal which is flushed to a draining
drum to be drained like the other coal. From the bottoms of the finer jiggers and
also from that employed for the intergrown coal the heavy fine material which has
passed through the meshes of the jigger screens and contains pyrites, is led to a special
jigger by which the fine coal, the pyrites and the stony inatters are separated.
Dated this 28th day of April 1888.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Treatment of Coal so as to Obtain Separate
Products therefrom and Apparatus for that Purpose.
I, JOHN IMRAY of No. 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature.
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :―
This invention relates to the treatment of coal so as to get rid of incombustible
substances mixed therewith and to obtain portions of various sizes and characters such 2
as fine coal, coarse coal or nuts, pyrites an intermediate class of coal, that is to say
coal mixed up or permeated with mineral matter and the "schlamm" or sludge
produced in the washing.
This treatment is effected by various machines mostly of known kinds arranged in
such a manner that the coal under treatment passes through them without manipulation,
time and labour being thus greatly economised. The process is as follows: First the coal
is sized by a screening drum' preferably of the kind described in a Provisional
Specification No. 6340 of 1888. This separates the coal into portions of different sizes,
slack peas, nuts and cobbles and the coal of each size drops into a jigging machine*
where it is washed and sifted in the usual way. The several jigging machines are
conveniently arranged in a row worked from shafting at suitable speed. From the
jiggers the peas nuts and cobbles are carried separately by a flush of water each sort
into a drum or other apparatus for draining. Also from the jiggers that act on the.
larger sizes there is separated a quantity of intergrown or stony coal which is treated
separately.

page_text: The draining drums like the jiggers are conveniently arranged in a row each
delivering its appropriate size of coal into storcage hoppers whilst the sludge which
passes through the finér meshes of these drums is conveyed by a flush of water to a
fine screening drum which separates it into two or more sizes.
22
The Schlamm or sludge is dealt with in the manner described in the Specification
No. 7399 of 1885. The intergrown or stony coal from the coarser jiggers is conveyed
by suitable worns and elevators to a set of crushing rolls or stone breakers by which
the pieces are opened up. Thence the pieces are transferred to a jigger or set of
jiggers which may be one or several of the row of jiggers.
By this the stony parts are separated from the coal which is flushed to a draining
apparatus to be drained like the other coal. From the bottoms of the finer jiggers and
also from that employed for the intergrown coal the heavy fine material which has
passed through the meshes of the jigger, screens if it contains pyrites is led to a special
jigger by which the fine coal the pyrites and the stony matters are separated.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a transverse section. Figure 2 is a
longitudinal section and Figure 3 is a plan of an establishment in which the machinery
for the treatment of coal as described is conveniently arranged with the elevators and
other appliances for continuous working. Figure 4 is a transverse section and Figure'5
is a part plan of the jiggers or washing apparatus drawn to an enlarged scale.
•
The screened coals delivered into a hopper U are raised by an elevator R to supply
the sizing drum which is of the kind described in the Specification No. 6340
of 1888, and which delivers the coal in fragments of several different sizes. These
descend each size to one of the jiggers which are arranged in one row and in two or
more sets each consisting of several jiggers. As shewn in Fig. 2 they are in two sets
of which receive the fine coal or slack, whilst jjjj receive the nuts.
As shewn in Figs. 4. and 5 each jigger consists of a vessel J with its bottom sloping
both ways to the middle where there is a plug or valve for emptying it; the vessel is
partly divided by a partitions J¹ into two compartments. In the one compartment a
piston J' worked by an eccentric J³ reciprocates vertically; in the other compartment
there is a perforated floor or sieve J' on which the coal is washed by the water that is
made to flow up and down through the perforations of J by the reciprocation of the
piston J.
The jiggers being all arranged in line, all their eccentrics J³ may belon one continuous
shaft. Obviously however there might be separate shafts for them separately driven.
From above the perforated floor or sieve J' the washed coal passes through the upper
of two openings to shoots X. Each of these openings is governed by an adjusted
sluice J having behind it a fence plate in reaching down nearly to the sieve so that the
material has to pass under the edge of, the fence on its way to the sluice openings.
The dirt and dirty coal, which are next the floor J' pass through the lower opening to
a worm J. The channel of the worm is divided by a partition Q (Fig. 3) and the
thread of the worm on the one side of the partition being right and on the other side
left handed, the dirty material from jjj and it carried to an elevator O, and that
from to another elevator P by which the latter is delivered to the crusher W.
From W the crushed coal descends to the jigger where it is dealt with as that in
producing however an intermediate class of coal.
6
The mineral matters which pass through the series of and are led by
shoots L L L L to the pyrites washer K; and the mineral matters which pass
through the sieves of are lead to an elevator T which delivers them into
the refuse bins. From the jiggers the washed coal passes by the shoots X to the
draining apparatus Z described in the Specification to an application for a Patent
No. 15789 which are conveniently arranged in a row and deliver the various sizes
into trucks or into hoppers. The washed fine slack from the jiggers j¹ j² j³ can be
led into a hopper X or can be led by a shoot S¹ to the sludge recovery apparatus to
which also leads the shoot S under the draining screens. In connection with this part
of the apparatus there is a sizing drum D with very fine meshes which delivers the
larger particles into a tank whence they are raised by the elevator A to a delivery bin a.

page_text: The smaller particles are delivered from the drum D into the sediment collecting.
apparatus which is of the kind described in the Specification No. 7399 of 1885. The
sediment is finally raised by elevator B to a delivery bin b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The herein described process for treating coal so as to obtain separate products
therefrom the said process consisting of the following successive operations separating
the crude coal into various sizes by a screening drum washing the separate sizes in
separate jiggers or sets of jiggers draining the washed coals separating the heavy
mineral matters and recovering the sludge as sediment.
2. In the process referred to in the preceding claim, after washing intergrown or
stony coal, breaking it up by a crusher and again washing by jigger or jiggers..
3. The herein described construction of the jiggers arranged in one row so as to be
operated from one line of shaft and to deliver to one, line of worm in combination with
adjusted and fenced sluices.
4. In combination with a sediment collector such as is described in the Specification
No. 7399 of 1885 a fine meshed screening drum D for separating the sludge material
into larger and smaller particles.
5. The combination of the screening drum Y the jiggers with their elevators O and P,
the crusher W, and jigger K, the elevators R and T the draining apparatus Z, the
sludge apparatus and its clevators A and B with the necessary water pipes and shoots
constituting apparatus arranged and operating substantially as described.
Dated this 7th day of November 1888.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.