Improvements in or relating to Shedding and Shuttle-box Motions for Power Looms.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Shedding and Shuttle-box Motions
for Power Looms.
1, DAVID NELSON, Weaving Foreman to Messieurs Walter Lumsden and Son,
of Eden Valley Works, Freuchie, in the County of Fife, North Britain, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
"
My said invention comprises improved mechanism for working the shedding
heddles (sometimes termed "cambs") of power looms, and capable of producing
different textures such as "plain or "huckaback" or others, parts of the
mechanism being adjustable by hand to give the several textures, or by pattern
mechanism which may also act on shifting shuttle boxes.
In carrying out my invention I have the low shaft provided with the pair of
opposite cams usually employed for "plain "weaving and also with a pinion gearing
with a spur-wheel on a separate shaft having on it three cams of the kind employed
for "huckaback" weaving. All the cams act on levers (or treadles) which as
required act on levers directly connected to the heddles, there being, according to
one modification, four heddle leaves arranged in a well known way and variously
coupled or connected by cords passing round overhead pulleys in such manner that
the depression of a leaf or leaves causes the raising of another leaf or leaves to
form the warp sheds.
The levers acted on by the "huckaback" cams have laterally projecting pins
which, when weaving "huckaback" act on hooked vertical rods jointed to the levers
directly connected to the heddles, and which when not weaving "huckaback" are
inoperative in consequence of the hooked rods being pushed out of their way.
"
The levers acted on by the "plain cams operate on intermediate levers
connected to the levers which act directly on the heddles, but only when sliders
fitted to slide on the intermediate levers or on those acted on by the cams are
shifted into positions to transmit the movements from one pair of levers to the
others. Instead of sliders struts jointed to the levers may be used.
For changing the positions of the vertical hooked rods and of the sliders or
struts, there is arranged a two-armed lever adjustable by means of a hand lever or by
pattern mechanism so as to render effective either the action of the "huckaback
cams or that of the "plain" cams.
The pattern mechanism comprises a frame capable of angular movement on a
shaft or stud and having fitted to slide across it a plate having at each side a step-
like set of notches. The plate is moved by primary pattern mechanism of any
suitable known kind, and it is acted upon by pins on two levers which are made to
reciprocate constantly by means of a rotating crank and suitable connections.
When the plate sliding in the frame is by the primary pattern mechanism made to
move to either side it puts the higher notches at that side in the way of the
reciprocating pin at that side, and the next descent of that pin acts on the plate
and frame moving the latter. The frame is connected by a lever and rod to the
mechanism herein before referred to for rendering either the "huckaback" cam
actions or the "plain" cam actions operative and vice versa. The primary pattern
mechanism for acting on the parts described may also act on shifting shuttle-box
mechanism of any suitable known kind; and the described pattern mechanism may
be arranged to act on any suitable known kind of heddle actuating mechanism.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of April 1893.
.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Shedding and Shuttle-box Motions
for Power Looms.
I, DAVID NELSON, Weaving Foreman, to Messieurs Walter Lumsden and Son,
of Eden Valley Works, Freuchie, in the County of Fife, North Britain, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that
is to say
"
This invention comprises improved mechanism for working the shedding heddles
(sometimes termed "cambs") of power looms, and capable of producing different
textures, such as "plain" or "huckaback" or others, parts of the mechanism being
adjustable by hand, to give the several textures, or by pattern mechanism, which
may also act on shifting shuttle boxes.
And in order that the said invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood, there are hereunto appended five sheets of explanatory
drawings to be hereinafter referred to in particularly describing the improvements.
Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1, of the drawings is a sectional elevation of parts of the
mechanism as seen from the front of the loom.
Figure, 2, Sheet, 2, is a plan showing parts seen in Figure, 1, and also other
parts.
Figure, 3, Sheet, 3, is a sectional elevation as viewed from the side of the
loom.
Figures, 4, and, 5, on Sheet, 3, are front and side elevations of mechanism by
means of which the action of pattern mechanism is communicated to the shedding
mechanism.
Figure, 6, Sheet, 4, is a plan showing a second modification of some parts, and
Figures, 7, and, 8, Sheet, 5, are corresponding sectional elevations.
Figures, 9, and, 10, Sheet, 5, are views of a further modification of some
parts.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The low shaft, A, of the loom, carried in bearings on parts of the fixed framing, F,
and driven in the ordinary way, has fast on it the pair of opposite cams, A 1, A.2,
usually employed for "plain" weaving and also a pinion, A 3, gearing with a
spurwheel, A 4, on a separate shaft, B, having on it three cams, B1, B2, B3, of
the kind employed for "huckaback" weaving. All the cams act on levers (or
treadles) hereinafter particularised, which, as required, act on levers, C1, C2, C3,
directly connected to the heddles (not shown), there being in the modification shown
in the drawings, four heddle levers, arranged in a well known way and variously
coupled or connected by cords, D, passing round overhead pulleys in such manner
that the depression of a leaf or leaves causes the raising of another leaf or leaves.
Two heddle cords, D1, D2, are connected directly to the levers, E 1, E 2, directly
acted on by the cams, A 1, A.2.
"
The huckaback cams, B1, B2, B3, act on levers, G1, G2, G3, centered at
the back of the loom and extending forwards under the cams, being drawn upwards,
when not depressed by the cams, by springs, G 4, suspended from a frame
bracket, F 1. The levers, G1, G2, G3, have fixed in them laterally projecting
pins, G5, (indicated by dotted lines in Figures, 1, and 3), which, when weaving
huckaback" act on hooks at the backs of vertical rods, H1, H2, H3, connected
at their upper ends to the levers, C1, C2, C3, directly connected to the heddles.
The vertical rods, H 1, H2, H3, are sufficiently loose on the pins connecting their

page_text: upper ends to the levers, to allow of their being moved forwards to take their hooks
away clear of the pins, G5, of the levers G1, G2, G3, the said rods being thus
moved and rendering the levers, G 1, G2, G3, inoperative when "huckaback" is
not being woven. The lower ends of the vertical rods, H1, H2, H3, are acted on
by springs, H4, which move them back into operative positions. when they become
free from the parts moving them forwards. Various arrangements are hereinafter
described for moving the rods, H1, H2, H3, forwards so as to render the
"huckaback" mechanism inoperative.
The levers, E1, E2, acted on by the plain cams, A1, A2, operate on
intermediate levers, J1, J2, connected by rods, J 3, J 4, to two, C1, C2, of the
levers which act directly on the heddles, but only when sliders, K1, K2, fitted to
slide on the levers E1, E2, (in the modification now being described) are shifted
into positions to transmit the movements of the levers, E1, E2, to the
levers, J1, J2. The sliders, K1, K2, are formed on bars, K, sliding in guide
straps, K3, K4, fixed to the levers, E1, E2; and at the back ends of the bars, K,
are blocks, K5, K 6, formed with curved grooves in which engage pins on
levers, L1, L2, on a rocking shaft, L. One L2, of the levers is fast on the
shaft, L, the other, L 1, being loose thereon, and receiving an opposite motion to
that of the fast lever, by means of a two-armed lever, 3, connected by rods, L 4,
to the two levers, L1, L2. In Figure, 3, the sliders, K1, K2, are shown as away
from the levers, J 1, J 2, one towards the front and the other towards the back,
and they are, when required, brought over those levers by the opposite movements
of the levers, L1, L2, on the rocking shaft, L. This rocking shaft, L, is itself
moved by means of a small lever, L 5, on it connected by a rod, L 6, to a
lever, L 7, on an upper rocking shaft, L&; on the front end of which there is a hand
lever, 19. When the rocking shaft, L, is moved in a manner to place the
sliders K1, K2, over the levers, J 1, J 2, it also by means of a lever, M, at its
other end moves a bar, M 1, which extends towards the front of the loom and has
its front end movable in a guide, M 2, and which has fixed on it a bar, M 3, having
a part of a step-like form. This bar bears on the backs of the vertical
rods, H1, H2, H3, and moves them forwards so as in the manner hereinbefore
described to render the "huckaback" levers, G 1, C2, G3, inoperative.
Instead of the rocking shaft, L, being acted on by the hand lever, 19, it may
be moved by the pattern mechanism shown in Figures, 4, and 5. The rocking
shaft, I, is connected by a lever, N, rod, N 1, and arm or lever, N 2, formed or fixed
on a frame, P, capable of an angular or rocking movement on a stud N3. The
frame, P, has fitted to guides formed on it so as to slide across it a plate, P 1,
having at each side a step-like set of notches, P2, P3. The plate, P1, may be
moved by primary pattern mechanism of any suitable known kind; and it is acted
on by pins, Q1, Q2, on two levers, Q3, Q4, which are made to reciprocate
constantly by means of a rotating crank, 25, connected by a rod. Q6, to a
lever, Q7, which has jointed to it rods, Q8, Q9. These rods, Q8, Q9, are
connected to the levers, Q3, Q4, by short rods, R1, R2, arranged with interposed
springs, R3, R 4, to allow the parts to yield if their working is obstructed. The
plate, P1, is shifted across the frame, P, by a link, S, connecting it to the upper
end of a lever, S 1, the lower end of which is connected by a rod, S2, to the
primary pattern mechanism.
When the plate, P 1, is moved to either side it puts the higher notches, (P 2, for
example) at that side in the way of the reciprocating pin, (1) at that side, and
the next descent of that pin acts on the plate, P1, and frame, P (if that side
happens to be highest) and moves that side downwards. The primary pattern
mechanism for acting on the parts described may also act on shifting shuttle-box
mechanism of any suitable known kind; and the described pattern mechanism may
be arranged to act on any suitable known kind of heddle-actuating mechanism.
Instead of the levers, E1, E2, acted on by the plain cams, A 1, A 2, being fitted
with sliders, K1, K2, for acting on the levers, J1, J 2, the latter levers may be
fitted with sliders, K1, K2, as shown in Figures 6, and, 7, on Sheets, 4, and 5. In

page_text: this modification the sliders, K 1, K 2, are moved by rods, T 1, T2, connecting them
to a horizontal two-armed lever, T, which is connected by a rod, L 6, to a lever, L 7,
on the upper rocking shaft, L 8, having on its front end the hand lever, L9.
In Figure, 6, Sheet, 4, there is also shown a modified appliance for moving forward
the vertical rods, H1, H2, H3, when the "huckaback" mechanism is to be
inoperative, Figure, 8, Sheet, 5, being a sectional side elevation of it. In this
modification the rods, H1, H2, H3, are connected by wires or rods, U, to a
lever, U 1, having in it a slot in which there works a pin on a lever, U2, connected
by a rod, U 3, to the lever, T, which lever when moving the sliders, K 1, K 2, into
their operative positions, at the same time makes the lever, U 1, draw the vertical
rods, H1, H2, H3, out of their operative positions.
In another modification for the same purpose and shown in plan in Figure, 9, and
in sectional side elevation in Figure, 10, Sheet, 5, the rods or wires, U, of the
vertical rods, H1, H2, H3, are hooked upon a stud or rod, V, extending
horizontally from the side of a vertical lever, V 1, centered on a bracket, V 2, so
that its lower end can swing backwards and forwards. The lever, V 1, has fixed
to it an arm, V 3, having attached to it an antifriction roller, V 4, and this roller
is acted on by a rod, V 5, connected to the lever, T, its other end working in a
guide, V6. The rod, V 5, is made with an inclined part, V 7, which when the rod
is pushed over by the lever, T, acts through the roller V 4, ou the lever, V 1, and
moves that lever so as to draw the vertical rods, H1, H2, H3, forwards into their
inoperative positions.
It must be understood that the number of leaves of heddles, and of the levers
and parts acting on them and their arrangement are to be varied, in well known
ways, to suit the various textures desired to be produced, the mechanism for effecting
changes from one texture to another remaining substantially as hereinbefore
described. Thus with the mechanism as shown in the drawings, three textures are
producible namely
plain,"
_ LE
"huckaback and "flush." When the hand
lever, L 9, and rocking shaft, L, are in the positions in which they are shown in
the drawings, the "buckaback" cams, B1, B2, B3 3, are operative and produce the
"huckaback" texture. On the hand lever, L 9, being moved to its middle position
the "huckaback action is rendered inoperative, and the shedding is effected
through the plain cams, A 1, A 2, through the levers, E1, E2, and sliders, K. 1, K2,
and through the levers, J 1, J2. And on the hand lever, L 9, being moved to its
third or other extreme position (opposite to that in which it is shown) the
sliders, K1, K2, moving in opposite directions as hereinbefore described, pass each
other, so that each acts, on the lever, J 2, J 1, different to the one it acted on when
the hand lever was in its middle position. When the hand lever is in its third
position the texture produced is that due to an alternate weft "Hushing."
"
With the mechanism hereinbefore described the changes of action for different
textures can be effected without stopping the loom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The constructing and combining of the parts of shedding mechanism of
power looms for the purpose of producing, at different parts of the woven fabric,
different textures, the said mechanism being arranged and operating substantially
as herein before described.
2. In power looms having "huckaback" and other shedding mechanism the
improved devices for rendering the "huckaback" mechanism inoperative, the said
devices operating in concert with parts bringing other shedding mechanism into
action, substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The combining of the levers, E 1, E 2, and the levers, J 1, J 2, with the
oppositely shiftable sliders, K1, K2, capable of being arranged so that the
levers, E 1, E 2, may be inoperative, or inay each operate on either lever, J 1, J 2,
substantially as hereinbefore described.

page_text: 4. The combination of parts hereinbefore described with reference to Figures, 4,
and, 5, for communicating the action of primary pattern mechanism to the shedding
mechanism substantially as herein before described.
Dated this Nineteenth day of January 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.