Year: 1885

page_text: I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of 5 Carlton Road, Finsbury Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to lamps wherein two burners or two series of burners
are employed the object being to produce an efficient lamp in which a high
illuminating effect may be economically obtained.
The two burners or two series of burners are so relatively arranged that flame
or flames issuing from each burner or series of burners is or are projected directly
or indirectly towards flame or flames issuing from the other burner or series of
burners and the products of combustion together with heated air, escape through
an opening or series of openings intermediate between the two burners or two
series of burners. When the flames are projected directly towards each other they
may be of circular or other form; when projected indirectly towards each other they
are deflected laterally by deflectors or guides suitably shaped and arranged to cause
the flames to proceed first in one direction and then in an opposite direction so
that the flames if seen in longitudinal section would present a curved form as for
instance "O. G" or the like. Air to support combustion and to aid in imparting
the desired form to the flames is caused to travel in suitable directions with and at
both sides or surfaces of the flames. If found desirable one or more small burners
may be arranged within the chimney so as when lighted to assist in maintaining a
draught.
'
A gas lamp according to my invention under one arrangement comprises two
annular burners arranged vertically one above the other (the upper one being
inverted) and are connected by a central gas supply pipe common to both.
Each burner comprises an annular casing or chamber that communicates with
the gas supply pipe by means of radial pipes or passages and is provided with an
outlet or outlets for gas either in the form of an annular opening or of a series of
holes or openings. The burners are arranged to face each other so that the flames
meet or nearly so. Each burner is provided with a portion of pipe or tube these.
forming parts or extensions of the lamp chimney and being so arranged that a
space is left between their adjacent free ends to serve as an inlet to the chimney
for the products of combustion and heated air. Above and below this inlet there
are curved annular deflectors or guides which serve to deflect and guide the flames
laterally outward and inward thus helping to impart to them the desired form;

page_text: also they act as reflectors. These deflectors or guides may be formed of refractory
and reflecting material such as for example porcelain. A chimney is provided
above the upper burner: and is surrounded by a casing or cover serving as an air
chamber whereby air is conducted to the flames. Also air is admitted thereto
through a removable bottom or casing secured to the lower burner by a bayonet
joint or other suitable means. A glass globe or chamber encloses the burners and
forms a combustion chamber. Air after entering the upper and lower casings
divides and part thereof passes to each side of the flames.
To this end openings that may be in the form of pipes or tubes are provided
through the annular gas casings to admit part of the air to the inner surfaces of
the flames.
The burners and attached pipes or tubes may be capable of adjustment to or
from each other.
In a gas lamp thus constructed each flame or series of flames is caused to
assume a curved form the edges or ends converging towards each other and
towards the inlet opening to the chimney whilst at the same time each flame or
series of flames is maintained separately and distinctly by the passage of air from
the globe or bowl to the inlet opening.
By an arrangement of lamp producing flames as described above an intense light
can be obtained.

page_text: I, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, of, 5 Carlton Road, Finsbury Park, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to lamps wherein two burners or two series of burners are
employed the object being to produce an efficient lamp in which a high illumi-
nating effect may be economically obtained.
The two burners or two series of burners are so relatively arranged that flame
or flames issuing from each burner or series of burners is or are projected directly
or indirectly towards flame or flames issuing from the other burner or series of
burners and the products of combustion together with heated air escape through
an opening or series of openings intermediate between the two burners or two
series of burners. When the flames are projected directly towards each other they
may be of cylindrical or other form; when projected indirectly towards each other
they are deflected laterally by deflectors or guides suitably shaped and arranged to
cause the flames to proceed first in one direction and then in an opposite direction
so that the flames if seen in longitudinal section would present a curved form as
for instance "OG" or the like. Air to support combustion and to aid in impart-
ing the desired form to the flames is caused to travel in suitable directions with
and at both sides or surfaces of the flames. If found desirable one or more small
burners may be arranged within the chimney so as when lighted to assist in
maintaining a draught.
A gas lamp according to my invention under one arrangement comprises two
annular burners arranged vertically one above the other (the upper one being
inverted) and they are connected by a central gas supply pipe common to both.
Each burner comprises an annular casing or chamber that communicates with the
gas supply pipe by means of radial pipes or passages and is provided with an
outlet or outlets for gas either in the form of an annular opening or of a series of
holes or openings. The burners are arranged to face each other so that the flames
meet or nearly so. Each burner is provided with a portion of pipe or tube these
forming parts or extensions of the lamp chimney and being so arranged that a
space is left between their adjacent free ends to serve as an inlet to the chimney
for the products of combustion and heated air. Above and below this inlet there
are curved annular deflectors or guides which serve to deflect and guide the flames
laterally outward and inward thus helping to impart to them the desired form, also
they act as reflectors. These deflectors or guides may be formed of refractory and
reflecting material such as for example porcelain or, they may be of pressed glass.
A chimney is provided above the upper burner: and is surrounded by a casing or
cover serving as an air chamber whereby air is conducted to the flames. Also air
is admitted thereto through a removable bottom or casing secured to the lower
burner by a bayonet joint or other suitable means. A glass globe or chamber
encloses the burners and forms a combustion chamber. Air after entering the
upper and lower casings divides and part thereof passes to each side of the flames,

page_text: To this end openings that may be in the form of pipes or tubes are provided
through the annular gas casings to admit part of the air to the inner surfaces of
the flames. The burners and attached pipes or tubes may be capable of adjustment
to or from each other.
In a gas lamp thus constructed each flame or series of flames is caused to assume
a curved form the edges or ends converging towards each other and towards the
inlet opening to the chimney whilst at the same time each flame or series of flames
is maintained separately and distinctly by the passage of air from the globe or
bowl to the inlet opening.
By an arrangement of lamp producing flames as described above an intense light
can be obtained.
And in order that my invention and the manner of carrying it into effect may
be fully understood I append hereto a sheet of illustrative drawings in which
Fig. 1 shows a lamp partly in central vertical section and partly in elevation, the
transparent globe being in section. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view and Fig. 3 is a
view in section in different planes indicated by the line X X in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a
plan of one of the burners provided with a series of gas outlets. 1 and 2 are two
annular burners arranged vertically one above the other. The upper burner 1 is
inverted. 3 is a central gas supply pipe common to the two burners. 4 is an
annular chamber that communicates by radial passages 5 with the central gas
pipe 3. 6 is an outer casing.or cone that surrounds the burner 1. 7 is an annular
air space between the burner 1 and the chimney 8, and 9 is an annular air space
between the burner and the surrounding case or cone 6. 10 is an open chamber
from which air can pass by the holes 11 and 12 to the spaces 7 and 9 at the inner
and outer sides of burner 1 respectively. 13. 13 are holes to admit air to the
interior of the transparent globe 14. 15 is an annular curved reflecting button-
like guide or deflector concentric with the burner 1. This guide is made to screw
upon a part of the chimney so as to be adjustable for increasing or diminishing,
as required, the area of the annular outlet 16. 7* is a ring screwed on to the
chimney and forms a partial division in the air space 7 to give the required area
of outlet for air to the inner side of the flame.
The lower burner is of similar construction to that just described.
Air is supplied by passages 16 and 17 to the spaces 18 and 19 at the respective sides
of the burner 2 through an annular chamber 20 connecting by perforations through
its inner wall with a central air chamber 21 closed by an inverted perforated
cover 22, secured by a bayonet joint 23. The cover 22 is perforated at 24 to
admit air into the globe 14. The cap 25 is made with a tubular part 26 that fits
around the chamber 10 and can slide thereon upward or downward to accomodate
different sizes of globes. In the example illustrated the passages 5 and chamber 4
are formed in a single casting, so also are the passages 5* and chamber 4* and
these castings are arranged to screw upon the central gas pipe 3. but the con-
struction may be obviously varied. 27 is a plate secured in the chimney 8 to
prevent air entering the bottom cover 22 from passing away direct to the
cbimney..
28 is a valve of conical form with a rod or stem 29 arranged to screw through a
stuffing box or gland 30. The valve extends more or less into the lower end of
the gas supply pipe 3 and may be adjusted for the purpose of regulating the gas
supply to the lower burner. The valve may be operated by a suitable key that
can be inserted through the opening 31 in the cover 22. 32 is a supplementary
burner shown in dotted lines which may be employed to assist in maintaining a
draught in the chimney and by the use of which the removal of the globe for
igniting the gas at the main burners may be obviated.
The course of the air through the lamp hereinabove described is shown
approximately by the arrows in full lines, the direction of the flames, products
of combustion and heated air being shown, approximately, by the dotted arrows.
The guides 15. 15 instead of being curved, as shewn, may be cylindrical-
also instead of employing two single burners, two compound burners or series of

page_text: burners of any suitable construction may be employed, arranged so that the flames
from one compound burner or series of burners may be directed towards the flames
from the other burner or series of burners and an intermediate opening or openings
to a chimney being provided between the two burners or series of burners as above
set forth, preferring a single opening extending entirely around the lamp as herein-
above described with reference to the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a gas lamp the arrangement of two burners or two series of burners with
an intermediate opening or openings to a chimney in such a manner that flame or
flames issuing from each burner or series of burners is or are projected directly or
indirectly towards flame or flames issuing from the other burner or series of
burners and products of combustion from both together with heated air escape to
the chimney through the said intermediate opening or openings.
2. The arrangement of gas lamp shewn in and described with reference to the
drawings annexed.