IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY, SHIP, AND OTHER LAMPS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Fiddian Jones, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Brass Founder and Lamp Manufacturer, for
Sealed the 7th August 1874, and dated the 21st February 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Fiddian Jones
at tho Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st February 1874.
I, EDWARD FIDDIAN JONES, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Brass Founder and Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare
tho nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY, SHIP,
AND OTHER LAMPS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to railway, ship, and other lamps which
are used in exposed situations or are exposed to violent wind or currents.
of air; and my said Invention consists in constructing and arranging, in
the manner herein-after described, those parts of the said lamps which

page_text: provide for the ready ingress of cold air to and the egress of eated air
from the lamp case.
By my improvements the flame of the lamp is effectually protected
from wind or currents of air, and the flickering or unsteadiness of the
flame or extinguishing of the flame prevented.
Lamps constructed according to my Invention are particularly fitted
to burn paraffin or other volatile oil, but fixed or heavy oils may be
burned in the said lamps.
In order to provide for the ingress of cold air I construct around the
upper part of the interior of the case or body of the lamp an air chamber
or air passage, the said chamber or passage following the general figuro
of the upper part of the case of the lamp and projecting a short distance
into the interior of the lamp case.
I prefer to make the said air chamber or passage by attaching strips
or bands of metal to the inner sides of the case and inclined thereto, the
said chamber or channel being wedge shaped in cross section, but I do
not limit myself to the sectional figure of the air chamber or channel.
The bottom of the said chamber or channel is covered with wire gauze.
The sides of the lamp case where the air chamber or channel is
situated are perforated with holes, and through those holes external air
passes to the air chamber or channel, the said air entering the interior
of the lamp case through the wire gauze bottom of the said chamber or
channel. The bottom of the air chamber or channel is situated below
the top of the lamp chimney, so that the entering air does not affect the
flamc.
A screen or guard plate is affixed over the external holes in the lamp
case, through which air passes to the air chamber, and a similar screen
or guard plate is affixed around the inner side of the air chamber or
passage within the lamp case, the lower edge of the last-named screen
or plate being situated below the wire gauze bottom of the air chamber
or passage.
In order to provide for the ready egress of the heated air from the
lamp and at the same time prevent external currents of air from
entering the lamp case by the head thereof I fix over the opening in the
top of the lamp case and in the inner tube of the lamp head a wire

page_text: gauze cap or screen, through which the heated air escapes; and I
suspend at a short distance below the extreme top of the lamp case and
around the opening to the head of the lamp a disc or plate so as to form
a double top to the lamp case. This depending plate or disc is situated
above the top of the lamp chimney, and by its use any violent currents
of air entering the lamp from the head thereof strike the said depending
plate or disc, and are deflected thereby and prevented from passing into
the lamp chimney and affecting the flame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Fiddian Jones in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
FIDDIAN JONES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass
Founder and Lamp Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Fiddian Jones,
Her special license that I, the said Edward Fiddian Jones, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edward Fiddian Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY, SHIP, AND OTHER
LAMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward
Fiddian Jones, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to bo filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar

page_text: months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Fiddian Jones, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention has reference to railway, ship, and other lamps, which
are used in exposed situations or are exposed to violent wind or currents
of air; and my said Invention consists in constructing and arranging, in
the manner herein-after described, those parts of the said lamps which
provide for the ready ingress of cold air and the egress of heated air from
the lamp case.
By my improvements the flame of the lamp is effectually protected
from wind or currents of air, and the flickering or unsteadiness of the
flame or extinguishing of the flame prevented.
Lamps constructed according to my Invention are particularly fitted
to burn paraffin or other volatile oil, but fixed or heavy oils may be
burned in the said lamps.
In order to provide for the ingress of cold air I construct around the
upper part of the interior of the case or body of the lamp an air chamber
or air passage, the said chamber or passage following the general figuro
of the upper part of the case of the lamp and projecting a short distanco
into the interior of the lamp case.
I prefer to make the said air chamber or passage by attaching strips
or bands of metal to the inner sides of the case and inclined thereto, the
said chamber or channel being wedge shaped in cross section, but I do
not limit myself to the sectional figure of the air chamber or channel.
The bottom of the said chamber or channel is covered with wire gauze.
The sides of the lamp case where the air chamber or channel is
situated are perforated with holes, and through these holes external air
passes to the air chamber or channel, the said air entering the interior
of the lamp case through the wire gauze bottom of the said chamber or
channel. The bottom of the air chamber or channel is situated below
the top of the lamp chimney, so that the entering air does not affect the
flame.

page_text: A screen or guard plate is affixed over the external holes in the lamp
case, through which air passes to the air chamber, and a similar screen
or guard plate is affixed around the inner side of the air chamber or
passage within the lamp case, the lower edge of the last-named screen
or plate being situated below the wire gauze bottom of the air chamber
or passage.
In order to provide for the ready egress of the heated air from the
lamp and at the same time prevent violent external currents of air from
entering the lamp case by the head thereof I fix over the opening in the
top of the lamp case and in the inner tube of the lamp head a wire
gauze cap or screen, through which the heated air escapes; and I
suspend at a short distance below the extreme top of the lamp case and
around the opening to the head of the lamp a disc or plate so as to form
a double top to the lamp case. This depending plate or disc is situated
above the top of the lamp chimney, and by its use any violent currents
of air entering the lamp from the head thereof strike the said depending
plate or disc, and are deflected thereby and prevented from passing into
the lamp chimney and affecting the flame.
I will now describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the
manner in which my Invention may be carried into effect.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section a ship's side lamp containing
my improvements, and Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same
taken on the line A, A, of Figure 1 looking towards the top of the lamp
case.
Figure 3 represents a portion of my Invention as herein-after
described. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts.
a is the air chamber or passage, through which cold air enters the
lamp case b. The said air chamber follows the general figure of the
upper part of the lamp case 6 (see the horizontal section, Figure 2) and
projects a short distance into the interior of the said case (see the
vertical section, Figure 1). The lamp case b is supplied with air for
supporting the combustion of the flame of the lamp from the said air
chamber a.

page_text: said chamber being constructed by attaching metal strips or bands to
the inner sides of the lamp case, the said strips or bands being inclined
to the said sides. I do not limit myself to the sectional figure repre-
sented of the air chamber a as the said chamber may be rectangular or
semicircular or of other figure in cross section with the same effect.
The bottom of the air chamber a is covered with wire gauze c.
The bottom of the air chamber c is situated below the top of the lamp
chimney d, and below the perforated or wiro gauze bottom c of the air
chamber is a screen or guard plate e for directing the entering air
towards the middle of the body of the lamp case.
The external air passes to the air chamber a through holes at faround
the lamp case b, a screen or guard plate g over the perforated part of the
lamp case preventing the wind or violent currents of air entering the
lamp.
The direction of the cold air entering the lamp case is indicated by 1
the arrows in Figure 1, where it will be seen that the cold air enters
between the bottom of the external screen 7 and the lamp case b; it
then passes through the perforations into the air chamber a and escapes
by the perforated bottom c of the said air chamber into the interior of
the lamp case. By the circuitous path which the entering air is thus ?
compelled to take it has little or no motion in the interior of the lamp
case, and as the current of air enters the lamp case below the top of the
lamp chimney & the said entering air does not affect the flame.
I will now describe my arrangement for providing for the ready egress
of the heated air from the lamp and for preventing violent external a
currents of air from entering the lamp case at the head thereof. his
the head of the lamp, in the interior of which head and over the
opening 63 in the top bº of the lamp case is a conical tube i having in it
a wire gauze cap or screen k; is a depending plate or disc (shown
separately in edge view in Figure 3) supported at a short distance below a
the top of the lamp case, the said disc or plate forming with the
conical tube i and screen a double top to the lamp case, as repre-
sented.
T LI
of th
1

page_text: which raised part are covered with wire gauze P. The external raised
edge of the plate or disc is perforated, as represented.
The said depending plate or disc is situated as represented above the
top of the lamp chimney d. It is supported below the top of the lamp
case by soldering its raised edge by means of flanges to the top of tho
said case, but it may be suspended in any other convenient way.
The heated currents of air from the lamp escape by the perforated or
wire gauze edge of the raised central part of the disc or plate / to
the tube i and through the wire gauze screen to the atmosphere, and
also by the perforated edge 1 of the said disc or plate 7, as indicated by
the arrows, and any violent currents of air entering the lamp at the head
thereof are first broken by passing through the screen or diaphragm k in
the tube and then strike the central raised unperforated part of the
depending plate 7, and are thereby deflected by the said plate and pre-
vented from entering the lamp chimney d and affecting the flame.
In applying my improvements to railway and other lamps which are
required to be protected from violent wind or currents of air I construct
and arrange the parts substantially as described and illustrated with
respect to a ship lamp, such changes of detail only being made as are
required to adapt my improvements to the said lamps.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as
the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention; but I claim as my Invention of improvements in railway,
ship, and other lamps,-
First. The construction and combination of parts, herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, for conveying
cold air to the interior of the lamp case, that is to say, by means of an
air chamber or passage arranged around the upper part of the interior
of the lamp case, the said air chamber or passage being constructed and
applied to the lamp, substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. The construction and combination of parts, herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, for providing for
the ready escape of the heated air from the lamp case, and for preventing

page_text: violent external currents of air from entering the lamp case at the lead
thercof, that is to say, the combination with the wire gauze or perforated
tube in the head of the lamp case of a depending disk or plate, forming
with the said tube a double top to the lamp, the parts being constructed
and applied substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Fiddian Jones, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four
EDWARD FIDDIAN JONES. (L.S.)
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham..