SEVERAL IMPROVEMENTS ON CERTAIN MACHINES, INSTRUMENTS, AND PENS, CALCULATED TO PROMOTE FACILITY IN WRITING
Year: 1809

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
BARTHOLOMEW FÖLSCH, of Oxford Street, in the Parish of Saint James, West-
minster, in the County of Middlesex, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third, in and by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Ninth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and nine,
for Himself, His beirs and successors, did give and grant unto me, the said
Frederick Bartholomew Fölsch, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Frederick Bartholomew Fölsch, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and
every of them, by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said Frederick
Bartholomew Fölsch, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time at all times there-
after during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and. vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my. Invention of "SEVERAL IMPROVEMENTS
ON CERTAIN MACHINES, INSTRUMENTS, AND PENS, CALCULATED TO PROMOTE FACILITY
IN WRITING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me,
the said. Frederick Bartholomew Fölsch, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause
the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within

page_text: two calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Frederick Bartholomew Fölsch, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature
of my said Invention and Improvements, in manner following, that is
to say :-
1st. In having a valve, acting with a spiral spring or a screw to affix on the
tube of the pen, to supply it occasionally with air to force the ink into the
socket of the pen. 2dly. In having a small pipe at the bottom of the tube
to convey the ink into the socket of the pen, through which it is forced by
the operation of the valve at the top of the tube. 3dly. In having a plate on
front of tho socket of the pen to contain a supply of ink for the nib, and to
prevent the ink flowing too freely into the nib.
The Drawings or Plan in the margin of these Presents, and the following
description thereof, with the marks of reference, will convey a more perfect
knowledge of the separate parts, and in what manner the same is to be
performed.
Figure A is a section of a pen, which may be made of any sort of metal,
consisting of three parts, which may be joined together by screws or socket
joints. No. 1 at the top I call the box, No. 2 the tube, and No. 3 the socket;
it is made in three divisions, for the purpose of cleaning the pen in case
it should get foul, and to supply the tube with ink, and to affix any of the
different sockets to the tube at pleasure. The box No. 1 has a bottom soldered
in, having a hole in it to admit air to pass into the tube through the top of the
box; it contains a spiral spring; a small rod at a, having a plate or valve bat
the bottom of it, and covered with leather, passes through the holo at
the bottom of the box, but is not so thick as to fill the hole and the rod a
screws into the nob c and confines the spring within the box; the spring
pressing upwards against the nob c keeps the plate or valve b close to the
bottom of the box to prevent the ink getting out at the top. The tube No. 2
has a bottom soldered in at a, above the joint, that unites it with the socket;
in the bottom is a small pipe or tube, c, for the ink to pass through into the
socket. The socket No. 3 is hollow, and has a hole in the front at f to admit
the air, and to adjust the quantity of ink it will bear; the lower part or cradle
9 is made in the shape of a common pen with a slit up the nib; the cradle or
sloping party has a plate soldered on the front of it; the lower end of the
plate is fitted nearly close to the inner part or hollow of the nib, but left looso
and in a slanting direction towards the point, and below the top of the slit up

page_text: the nib, so that in writing, the nib bending, it lets the ink pass freely, but not
too copiously, to the point of the nib. The profile of the plate is shewn at g
in letter A; and the front view of the same plate at 9 in Figure B, which is
a front view of the pen as compleat. The lower part of the plate in some of
my pens is made in a separate part, and fits into the socket by means
of a groove, the more readily to clean the inside of the nib. The profile and
front view of the plate is shewn in the Figure C. The tube part of the pen
being filled with ink, and the box and the socket put on, press the nib c down,
the air will pass through the hole at the bottom of the box upon the surface of
the ink, and cause it to flow through the pipe e into the socket; the separate
parts of the pen are shewn on a larger scale by the auxiliary Drawings, having
the same marks of reference.
Figure D is a front view, and Figure E is a section, on a large scale,
of a different kind of socket to affix to the tube of the same pen; the lower
end is made angular, with a plate to the front of it, soldered and fitted nearly
close to it, and also a loose plate in some pens like unto the socket No. 3,
Figure C; the nib has no slit, but a small notch or groove at the end,
as shewn at h, Figure D, with a hole i in the plate g to admit air; this pen
you write with the back or angular part towards you.
Figure F is a section, on a large scale, of a tube which may be used without
a box or spring; the nob or top c screwing on the tube, and having a hole
made within the screw part of it, shewn by the black line at d, will admit air
into the tube by unscrewing the nob a little, which will answer the same
purpose as the box and spring.
In addition to the improvements above described, a part of my said Inven-
tion consists in filing or cutting the socket of the pen, for which I obtained a
Patent in the month of March last, hollow in shape like the nib of a pen, and
making a small groove at the point instead of a slit.
Figure G is a front view, and Figure H is a section, on a large scale, of the
last-mentioned socket. The point is tapered on the outside like the point
of a pencil, with the front cut hollow in shape like the nib of a pen, and
a small groove is made up the nib at k instead of a slit, which guides the the
ink to the point.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighth
day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and nine
FREDERICK BARTHOLOMEW FÖLSCH. (L.B.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the samo Eighth day of July, in
the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Frederick Bartholomew Fölsch came
before our Lord the King in his Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Eighth day of July, in the year above written.