IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Kesseler, of 63, Mohrenstrasse, Berlin, W., in the
"
Empire of Germany, Civil Engineer and Patent Solicitor, for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURE." A communi-
cation from Carl Lins, of Bernburg, in Anhalt, in the German Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Kesseler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1880.
CARL KESSELER, of 63, Mohrenstrasse, Berlin, W., in the Empire of Germany,
Civil Engineer and Patent Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DISTRI-
BUTING MANURE." (A communication from Carl Lins, of Bernburg, in Anhalt, in
the German Empire.)
The stirring rake in manure spreading machines has hitherto been guided on
rollers, and been worked straight there and back. This caused accumulation of
manure at the sides, and breakages could not be prevented. According to this
Invention however the stirring rake, which is suspended in a pendulum or link at
each end, is worked there and back by means of tooth wheel gearing from the road
wheel shaft, and by crank pin and connecting rod in such a way that it partakes
of a swinging or pendulous motion as well, causing a better action on the manure
which is to be thrown out of the box. Two scrapers hereby receive a simultaneous
up and down motion for the constant raising and lightening of the manure which
is pushed against the ends; they are jointed above to a bar which moves up and
down in staples, and is jointed to the stirring rake by two slanting bars. By this
position of the slanting bars and from the pendulous motion of the stirring rake
the bar which is jointed to the scrapers receives a swinging motion, so that the
scrapers at its ends receive an up and down motion, and so that their acting ends
follow the inclination of the surface to be cleaned, being constantly pressed against
same by springs.
According to a modification of this construction the stirring rake is worked there
and back by a double armed lever and vertical connecting rod. It is also suspended
in pendulums, and has consequently the same motion. The double armed lever
carries at each end a scraper, and these thus obtain from it, as from a rocking beam,
the above described up and down motion. In the older machines of this sort the
stirring rake is working horizontally there and back on rollers which are placed on

page_text: the edge of the slanting side wall of the distributing box. Between this side wall
and the supply box there is a slot, in which the rake works, which is thus exposed
to the influences of the weather, and when distributing in rainy weather it always
became dirty.
In the present arrangement however the rollers and other parts at this slanting
side wall are done away with, and are placed on the supply box, and it has hence
become possible to enclose all the mechanisms and the slot for the rake in a box.
This Invention further consists in the lining of the inclined side of the distri-
buting box with glass, earthenware, china, or analogous smooth material not affected
by acids, and to which the manure does not adhere as to wood. In consequence of
this lining the manure glides much easier in the box, the resistance to the driving
mechanism is smaller, and the distribution is more regular.
A suitable number of toothed distributing discs are fastened on the shaft in a
slanting position in order to cause a constant lateral there and back movement of
the manure, and thus prevent clogging, as in former constructions. A scraper is
placed against each disc, and has a cross bar for cleaning the disc, and a counter-
weight for keeping the scraper against the disc.
The next improvement consists in a convenient appliance for altering the
position of the distributing box while in motion, so that the apparatus may be
moved along without distributing manure. The box is turned relatively to the
road wheel by a crank handle on a screw which is coupled to a rod. The nut of
the screw has lateral studs resting in bearings on a frame fastened on the supply box,
which can swing around same; this is necessary in order that by the turning of
the screw the position of the parts may change. The rod is jointed to a bell crank
lever which turns on a fulcrum on the frame, and is by a rod connected to the
lower part of the box. It will thus be seen that by this means, by turning of the
screw the relative angular position of the box can be altered while the machine is
in motion; consequently the distributing of the manure may be varied from nothing
to the maximum as desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Carl Kesseler in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th July
1880.
CARL KESSELER, of 63, Mohrenstrasse, Berlin, W., in the Empire of Germany,
Civil Engineer and Patent Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR DISTRI-
BUTING MANURE." (A. communication from Carl Lins, of Bernburg, in Anhalt, in
the German Empire.)
These improvements have reference to the driving and the peculiar motion of the
stirring rake; to the application of scrapers for automatically freeing the sides of
the box from the artificial manure accumulating there; to the complete closing of
the slit of the rake; to the lining of the inclined wall of the spreading box with plates
of glass or similar material; to the spreading wheels or discs in the manure box;
and to an appliance for shifting the position of the box of the machine.
As regards the two first improvements, the stirring rake in manure spreading
machines has hitherto been guided on rollers, and been worked straight there and
back. This caused accumulation of manure at the sides, and breakages could not be
prevented. Now according to this Invention however, and as illustrated in
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings, the former being an end view and
the latter a vertical cross section, the stirring rake H, Fig. 1, which is suspended
in a pendulum or link p and pl, one at each end, is worked there and back by
means of tooth wheel gearing from the road wheel shaft, and by crank pink and
connecting rod in such a way that it partakes of a swinging or pendulous motion
as well, causing a better action on the manure which is to be thrown out of the
box. Two scrapers 8 and 8' hereby receive a simultaneous up and down motion
for the constant raising and lightening of the manure which is pushed against the
ends. They are jointed above to a bar S, which moves up and down in staples z, z¹,
and is jointed to the stirring rake H by two slanting bars t, t. By this position
of the slanting bars t, t, and from the pendulous motion of the stirring rake H, the
bar S, which is jointed to the scrapers 8, 81, receives a swinging motion so that the
scrapers 8, 8, at its ends receive an up and down motion, and so that their acting
ends follow the inclination of the surface to be cleaned, being constantly pressed
against same by the springs 8111
Figures 3 and 4 show a modification of this construction.
The stirring rake is in this case worked there and back by a double armed lever W
and vertical connecting rod 7; it is also suspended in pendulums, and has conse-
quently the same motion. The double armed lever W carries at each end a scraper
8, 83, and these thus obtain from it, as from a rocking beam, the above described up
and down motion.
Figures 9 and 10 are enlarged separate views of the scrapers and the stirring
rake with its pendulums.
The third improvement is illustrated by Figures 2, 5, and 6. In the older
machines of this sort the stirring rake is working horizontally there and back on
rollers which are placed at the place A, Figure 2, on the edge of the slanting side
wall of the distributing box. Between this side wall and the supply box there is a
slot in which the rake works, which is thus exposed to the influences of the weather,
and when distributing in rainy weather it always became dirty.
In the present arrangement however, as shown on the Drawing, the rollers and
other parts at this slanting side wall c, d, are done away with, and are placed on
the supply box, and it has hence become possible to enclose all the mechanisms and
the slot for the rake in a box K.
This Invention further consists in the lining of the inclined side of the distri-
buting box with glass, earthenware, china, or analogous smooth material not
affected by acids, and to which the manure does not adhere as to wood. In

page_text: consequence of this lining the manure glides much easier in the box, the resistance to
the driving mechanism is smaller, and the distribution is more regular. The lining
plates are fastened, as shown in Fig. 8, either by screws or by overlapping
laths h, h¹.
The fifth part of this Invention refers to the distributing apparatus. Figure 11
shows an eight toothed distributing disc (but it may have more or less teeth). A
suitable number of such discs are fastened on the shaft in a slanting position in
order to cause a constant lateral there and back movement of the manure.
In former constructions of such machines these distributing discs bave been made
of metal, and consequently the manure often so adheres to them that parts of the
machine are caused to break. According to this Invention they are made of glass,
china, stoneware, enamelled cast iron, or vulcanite. All these materials are such as
to prevent the adhesion of the artificial manure thereto. An important advantage
is thus obtained, inasmuch as the machine works much lighter, and breakages and
choking up of parts of same are prevented.
In Figure 7 is shown a scraper which is placed against each disc.
The sixth improvement is entirely new; it is shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and
consists in a convenient appliance for altering the position of the distributing box,
so that it can always be placed horizontally, even though the field travelled over be
sloping. The box is turned relatively to the road wheel by a crank handle m on
the screw n, which is coupled to a rod o. The nut u of the screw n has lateral
studs resting in bearings on a frame v fastened on the supply box, which can swing
around same; this is necessary in order that by the turning of the screw n the
position of the parts may change. The rod o is jointed to a bell crank lever D,
which turns on a fulcrum on the frame at x, and is by a rod y connected to the
lower part of the box. It will thus be seen that by this means, by turning of the
screw n, the relative angular position of the box can be altered while the machine
is in motion, and a means is afforded for always keeping the box in a horizontal
position, so that the amount of manure distributed, depending upon the change
wheels, may not be influenced by the slanting position of the box.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, com-
municated to me, I declare that I claim in connection with manure distributing
machines,―
First. The pendulous mode of suspending the stirring rake and the mode of
working it, either direct by a horizontal or indirect by a vertical connecting rod
and bell crank lever, as described and shown.
Second. The application of scrapers for cleaning the end walls of the manure box,
substantially as described and shown.
Third. The complete covering of the rake slot, as described and shown.
Fourth. The application to interior parts of the manure box of glass, china,
stoneware, enamelled iron, vulcanite, or other materials not affected by acids, and
suitable for preventing the adhesion of the manure, as set forth.
Fifth. The means described and shown for preserving the horizontal position of
the manure box.
In witness whereof, I, the said Carl Kesseler, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
CARL KESSELER. (Ls.)