Improvements in Burners for Oil-lamps and Lamp-stoves.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 26th Aug., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Burners for Oil-lamps and Lamp-stoves.
We, JAMES PRICE, of 148 Beckenham Road, Penge, in the County of Surrey,
Grocer and Oilman, and GEORGE MOLE, of Green Lane, Penge, in the County of
Surrey, Shoemaker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to burners for oil-lamps and lamp-stoves, and comprises
various improvements which are advantageously applicable to lamps and stoves for
domestic purposes. Our improvements are, however, also applicable to lamps and
stoves for other purposes.
The main object of our said invention is to provide an improved burner having
two lamp-cones or deflectors, and so constructed and arranged that it is adapted for
burning petroleum, paraffin and other oils without the aid of either a lamp-glass or
chimney or a globe. Our improved burner may, however, be used with a globe if
desired.
Lamp-burners as hitherto constructed with two lamp-cones or deflectors, are not
well adapted for use without a chimney, as, when so used, they produce a smoky
flame by reason of the imperfect combustion of the oil and cause an unpleasant
smell. But in our improved burner, the wick-tube and the lamp-cones or
deflectors are so formed and are so arranged relatively to each other that we
are enabled to dispense with a chimney and yet obtain a brilliant flame without
smoke or smell, and one which is not easily affected by exterior air-currents.
One feature of our said invention is the construction of the two lamp-cones
and the arrangement of the outer or supplementary lamp-cone relatively to the
inner lamp-cone in such a manner as to provide for the supply of two distinct
currents of air to the burner, and to leave ample space between these lamp-
cones for the flow of air to the flame, and so that the combustion of the oil will
partly take place in the space between the said lamp-cones.
Heretofore it has been customary to make the upper end of the wick-tube
straight and at right angles to the vertical edges of the said tube. Now another
feature of our invention consists in making the wick-tube rounded at the upper
end, that is to say, instead of making the upper end of the said tube straight, we
make it with a curvature approximately corresponding to that of the upper part of
the lamp-cone. By this means we increase the width of the flame-producing
surface of the wick, and obtain a much wider flame in proportion to the width of
the wick than has heretofore been practicable, and we also improve the shape of
the flame thereby ensuring a better combustion of the oil and avoiding smoke and
smell.
Our said invention, moreover, comprises other improvements hereinafter set
forth.
In the accompanying drawing we have shown how our said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in vertical central section, showing one form
of our improved burner.
Figure 2 is a plan of the said burner, and
Figure 3 is a side elevation partly in section on the line x, x, Figure 1.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
a is the wick-tube which is secured in the usual manner in the screw-threaded
base of the burner. c is the inner lamp-cone and d the outer lamp-core. These
cones are secured to the base b, preferably by means of hollow rods or tubes e to
diminish the conduction of heat to the reservoir, and in such a manner that suitable
| Umins Q17

page_text: openings are left at the bases of the lamp-cones for the admission of separate air-
currents. The inner cone c is made bell-mouthed at its base and is so arranged
relatively to the outer cone d that it has a larger opening for the admission of air
than the outer cone d.
We make the inner cone e with a large number of perforations around its
circumference as at c¹ for the flow of air into the said cone. Moreover we
dispense with the perforated plate or piece of wire-gauze which is usually employed
around the wick-tube. By these means, we effectually ensure the carrying of any
inflammable vapour that may be formed in the space around the wick-tube, into
the flame by the air flowing through the inner cone. Moreover we make the inner
cone c with an elongated aperture or slit 2 which extends downward at each end to
a point ³ below the upper corners of the wick-tube a. The outer cone_d_is_made
with an elongated aperture or slit d¹ which is of greater width at the middle than
at its ends and which extends downward at each end to a point d², the end portions
of the said slit being parallel as shown in Figure 3. Below the ends of the said
slit, we provide in the interior of the outer cone, taper deflecting pieces of which
are inclined so that they extend nearly to the wick-tube a and a short distance
below the upper corners of the said tube. These taper pieces f deflect the air in
such a manner as to assist in rounding the flame and in preventing smoke and
smell. The said deflecting pieces should not extend too near to the wick-tube,
otherwise they will become too highly heated, and, to ensure their efficient action,
they must be made taper as shown.
The outer lamp-cone d, instead of being made of the usual shape, is flattened
at the top and has its upper part elongated or made of oval form, the diameter
thereof in the direction of the length of the slit d' being greater than the
diameter thereof transversely to the said slit. The formation of the outer cone as
above described assists greatly in ensuring the perfect combustion of the oil and
the avoidance of smoke and smell.
In the burner shown, the hollow rods or tubes e are extended upward and
suitably formed to support a globe g, Figure 1.
The upper end of the wick-tube a is, as above stated, rounded at the top so
that its curvature approximately corresponds to that of the top of the inner cone c.
In the burner shown in the drawing, two wicks h are arranged side by side in
a single wick-tube a and are fed upward or moved downward as required by means
of a single adjusting device j. By thus arranging two or more wicks in a single
wick-tube, we greatly facilitate the raising of the oil by capillary attraction and
at the same time provide more efficiently than heretofore for keeping the wick-tube
cool, a larger body of oil being kept therein than is practicable when only a single
wick is used.
Our improvements are applicable to burners having either one or more wick-
tubes. Some of our improvements are, moreover, applicable to burners having
only one lamp-cone or deflector.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ;-
First. A burner adapted for use without a chimney and provided with two lamp-
cones so arranged relatively to each other that separate air-currents enter the same
from the exterior, substantially as hereinbefore described and for the purposes
specified.
Second. A burner having two lamp-cones the smaller of which is made with
perforations around its circumference and which are constructed and arranged
relatively to each other, substantially as hereinbefore described and for the purposes
specified.
Third. The use of a wick-tube having the top thereof rounded or curved,
substantially as hereinbefore described and for the purposes specified.
Fourth. The combination of the inner and outer lamp-cones and a wick-tube

page_text: having the top thereof curved to correspond approximately to the curvature of the
top of the inner lamp-cone, substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Fifth. The combination, with the inner and outer lamp-cones, of the inclined
taper deflecting pieces arranged as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Sixth. The outer lamp-cone having an elongated upper portion and a flattened
top and having the peculiarly shaped opening or slit, as, and for the purposes,
above specified.
Seventh. The employment of two or more wicks arranged side by side in a single
wick-tube, substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Eighth. The improved burner constructed substantially as described with
reference to the accompanying drawing for the purposes above specified.
Dated the 3rd day of February 1893.
JAMES PRICE.
GEORGE MOLE.
D. Young & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.