Improvements in Apparatus and Means for Grinding Card Flats and Doffers of Carding Engines.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 10th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 4th Mar., 1887.
Improvements in Apparatus and Means for Grinding Card Flats
and Doffers of Carding Engines.
I, JOHN BULLOUGH, of Globe Works, Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists in utilizing the working cylinder itself, in, combination with
grinding appliances, the means or agent of grinding the flats and the doffer.
Thus I effect by means of a bar of metal or ebonite or other rigid substance which
I cover with emery on its upper surface. This bar I fasten to the surface of the
cylinder or I let it into a groove cut or formed therein. Under the bar I place strips
of sheet metal paper or other suitablo packing material so as to regulate the bar to the
required position in relation to the flats to be ground.
By taking one out and putting a thinner one in I am enabled to regulate the
grinding bar to a nicety. If the emery surface thereof wears faster than the cylinder
wire I add another strip or other strips of suitable thickness to make the grinding
surface of the said bar sufficiently "proud" of the wire on the cylinder to act on the
wire of the flats.
In some cases I use two or even more such bars either fastened side by side on the
surface or in groves cut out of the cylinder as described or placed at opposite diameters
for the sake of balance. I cover the said bars with different kinds of emery course
or fine as desirable-one kind for grinding the wire or dents down to a uniform
length the other for grinding the wire or dents rather on their sides so as to point or
taper the same.
If it is tedious to bring the surface of the grinding bar the exact distance-neither
too much nor too little beyond the wire of the cylinder by means of the strips, I
regulate the flats to the grinding surface-by their raising and lowering device.
I also line the underside of the said grinding bars, if of metal-with ebonite and
turn them face or grinding surface inwards when they are not required for
grinding.

page_text: These ebonite bars or these metal bars lined with ebonite are ground at the same time
as the wire of the cylinder is ground and therefore the wire and the ebonite are in one
line of height. They are parts of the same circumference.
When it is desired to grind the flats these bars are turned over again the grinding
surface uppermost and a strip or strips of the necessary thickness put under the bar so
as to bring it a little in lead of the wire or dents of the cylinder. It should then touch
the flats sufficiently to grind them, if it does not the flats may be let down to it and
the operation of grinding commenced.
This puts on the heel of the flats when these are on their own working surface and
under all actual and exact conditions of working. Hitherto the flats have been ground,
under conditions approximating only the actual working conditions. By grinding them
from the cylinder itself I am enabled to grind them truer because I grind them from
their own working surface, in their natural working position-with their natural
deflection and with the influence of the chain upon them.
I do not confine myself to a grinding bar. A roller may be used-space being
made for it in the periphery of the cylinder and its height regulated by revolving in
eccentric necks. Or I may stretch over the surface of the cylinder wire fine emery
cloth and grind it by that means. In all cases however I grind the flats and the doffer
if desirable from the cylinder itself.
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Town Hall Buildings, Halifax,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus and Means for Grinding Card Flats
and Doffers of Carding Engines.
I, JOHN BULLOUGH of Globe Works, Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention consists in utilizing the working cylinder itself in combination with
grinding appliances as the means or agent of grinding the flats and the doffer.
This I effect by means of a bar of mictal, or ebonite, or other rigid substance, which
I cover with emery on its upper surface.
This bar I fasten to the surface of the cylinder, or I let it into a grove cut or formed
therein.
Under the bar I place strips of sheet metal, paper, or other suitable packing material,
so as to regulate the bar to the required position in relation to the flats to be ground.
By taking one strip out and putting a thinner one in I am enabled to regulate the
grinding bars to a nicety.
If the emery surface thereof wears faster than the cylinder wire I add another strip,
or other strips of suitable thickness to make the grinding surface of the said bar
sufficiently "proud" of the wire on the cylinder to act on the wire of the flats.
In some cases I use two or even more such bars-either fastened side by side on the
surface or in grooves cut out of the cylinder as described or placed at opposite
diameters for the sake of balance. I cover the said bars with different kinds of emery,
coarse, or fine as desirable-one kind for grinding the wire, or dents down to a uniform
length-the other for grinding the wire, or dents rather on their sides so as to point
or taper the same.*
If it is tedious to bring the surface of the grinding bar the exact distance meither
too much, nor too little beyond the wire of the cylinder by means of the strips I regulate
the flats to the grinding surface by any of the well known raising and lowering devices.
I also line the underside of the said grinding bars if of metal with ebonite, and turn
them face or grinding surface inwards when they are not required for grinding.
These ebonite bars, or these metal bars lined with ebonite are ground at the same time
as the wire of the cylinder is ground, and therefore the wire and the ebonite are in
one line of height. They are parts of the same circumference.
When it is desired to grind the flats these bars are turned over again the grinding
surface uppermost, and a strip or strips of the necessary thickness put under the bar
so as to bring it a little in lead of the wire or dents of the cylinder. It should

page_text: hen touch the flats sufficiently to grind them; if it does not, the flats may be let
down to it and the operation of grinding commenced. This puts on the heel of the
flats when these are on their own working surface and under all actual and exact
conditions of working.
Hitherto the flats have been ground under conditions approximating only the actual
working conditions.
By grinding them from the cylinder itself I am enabled to grind them truer, because
I grind them from their own working surface in their natural working position-with
their natural deflection, and with the influence of the chain upon them.
I do not confine myself to a grinding bara roller may be used-space being made
for it in the periphery of the cylinder, and its height regulated by revolving in eccentric
necks.
Or I may stretch over a portion of the surface of the cylinder wire, fine euiery
cloth, and grind the flats or doffer by that means.
In all cases however I grind the flats and the doffer from the cylinder itself.
Such being the nature and object of my said invention, the following is a complete
description of same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a
part of this specification in which
Fig. 1 is side sectional olovation of part of card cylinder and flats and grinding
appliance.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1, the flats being omitted.
Fig. 3 is a section of card cylinder, grinding appliance and doffer.
Fig. 4 section of cylinder, flats, and circular grinding appliance.
Fig. section of cylinder circular grinder and doffer.
Fig. is section of cylinder, card flat, grinder bar and doffer.
Fig. 5 is detail of mounting of circular grinder and eccentric necks.
Fig. 6 circular grinder covered with coarse emery.
Figs. 7. 8, 9, and 10 are details.
At 1 is the cylinder, 2 the card clothing, 3 the grinding appliance, or grinding strip
which being slightly higher than or "proud" of the cards or wire 2 on the cylinder,
bears upon and against the points or ends of the flat cards or wire 4 which it grinds-
and revolving as it does along with the cylinder, the grinding of the wire is thus
necessarily true, because the several parts and appliances are in their actual relative
working positions during the grinding operation.
The grinding appliance may as just described, and as illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8,
and 9 consist of a strip or bar of metal, ebonite, or other rigid foundation for the
facing, or coating of emery. The necessity of turning the grinding bar over-that is
to say-emery side upwards before grinding and the other side up after, grinding may
be obviated in the following way. The bar, say of ebonite is glued or otherwise
fastened to the surface of the cylinder. It may be screwed to the surface with a coat
of white lead to cause it to rest perfectly solid on the surface of the cylinder.
In this position it remains permanently. It is ground at the same time as tho
cylinder wire is ground, and therefore it is perfectly true with the cylinder.
When the flats are to be ground, a strip of emery cloth or corundum is pasted or
glued on the surface of this ebonite bar, and the flats adjusted to it for grinding. The
operation of grinding being over, the emery cloth is peeled off and a new strip put on
when next it is desired to grind the flats. Such appliance however may be circular,
or semicircular in form as shown by Figs. 4, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 and may be partially
rotated or turned from time to time, so as to present new grinding surfaces to the
cards, the circular or semicircular forms when coated with coarse emery aro well
adapted for grinding more of the length of the wire or cards between the points and
the bend, and may be mounted upon a shaft A supported at each end in an ecentric
bearing B.
The roller being capable of turning round its own axis, and also of turning round
the axis of the piece B so as to effect radial and eccentric adjustment of the emery
rollor, which is then secured in position by the screw C. but I do not limit or confine

page_text: myself to the particular outline or section of the grinding appliance as it is evident
such may be varied-for instance-in lieu of the semicircular form shewn at Fig. 8,
the section might be that of a parabolic curve Fig. 10 which would afford a gradual
lead and increasing ascent and contact between the cards or wire and the grinding
instrument, so that more of the length of the card between the bend and the point
thereof may be ground.
To grind the Doffer it is only necessary to set it by the usual means sufficiently
towards the cylinder, and the bar will grind it at the same time that it grinds the flats.
Thus the cylinder makes the flats, and doffer correspond with itself.
It will be understood that when the grinder 3 is in use the rotation of the cylinder
1 is in the reverse direction to that of its ordinary working.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performined I declare that what I claim is ;
Grinding appliances such as herein described when applied to-operated by-and
in combination with the cylinder of carding engines or carding machines for purpose
aforesaid, and as fully described and illustrated by annexed drawings, or any variation
thereof, the essence of the invention is, the cylinder being made to grind its own flats
(when in their actual working position) and doffer.
JOHN BULLOUGH.
By his Agent, Walter Brierley,
Town Hall Buildings, Halifax.