AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MANU- FACTURING HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the
International
Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton Buildings, London, Consulting
Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MANU-
FACTURING HORSE-SHOES."-A communication from abroad by Ozial
Adnah Howe, of Jersey City, New Jersey, United States of
Americe
Sealed the 7th January 1870, and dated the 10th July 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at. the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 10th July 1869.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office,"
No. 8, Southampton Buildings, London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR
MANUFACTURING HORSE-SHOES," a communication, to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to furnish means for bending, drawing,
and "fulling" bars of iron in the form of horse-shoe blanks or other

page_text: curvilineal form in such manner as to leave the iron of uniform density
on its convex and concave sides or edges, that is without leaving the
fibres of the convex edge or side of the article formed stranded and
loose in its texture, as is the case when the iron is simply bent without
being drawn and "fulled" at the same time. This object I accomplish
by fabricating a machine substantially as follows:-This machine is
moro especially adapted to the formation of horse-shoe blanks, but its
operative parts may be readily modified to produce other similar articles
of manufacture, as described, without changing the principle involved
in its construction and operation.
The essential elements of this machine are three, and may be styled
its operative or executive parts, which must be so formed, combined,
and operated in respect to each other as to accomplish the above-
described object. These parts are, first, a rotating die; second, a rotating
pressure disk; third, a rotating pressure cone. The machine also
possessos
certain means of guiding and feeding the bar of iron (from which the
blanks are to be made) to the aforesaid operative parts of the machine,
and also for discharging the blanks after their formation. The frame is
made in the form of a box. Upon the afore-mentioned frame there is
cast or bolted a pair of pillow blocks in which there is arranged a pair of
rollers or shafts, the front ends of these rollers being made to project a
short distance in front of the forward pillow block. On the front end of
one of these rollers a die is made in form like the inside and under side
of a horse-shoe. The said die serves as a block to turn the shoe on. On
the front end of the other roller an irregular eccentric wheel is made or
secured. The form of this eccentric wheel is such as to leave a space
between the periphery of the shoe block and the periphery of the
eccentric wheel (as the two rotate about their respective axes) equal in
width and form to the web of the shoe it is intended to make when the
two rollers are adjusted in their proper relation to each other. The
eccentric wheel is also formed with a recess in its periphery and with
projections at each end of the said recess to lap over the rear end of the
shoe block or die, and sever the iron after it has been bent around the
block and the shoe. To catch the end of the iron as it is thrust forward
in the die and to mark or stamp the shoe there is a small pin set in the
shoe die which is forced in the end of the hot bar at the moment when it
is caught between the dies. This pin is made so short as not to interfere
with the discharge of the completed shoe, or the entrance of the iron at

page_text: the beginning of its formation. When the die and eccentric wheel are
set in the proper relation to each other and the iron is introduced from
the right-hand side it will be carried in by the motion of the die and
wheel and bent around the block and severed, leaving a rude unfinished
blank on the die, the outside and inside edges and the ends whereof will
be rolled and drawn to the proper shape and size, but the top and
bottom sides are left unfinished. To complete the shoe therefore in a
single operation I make a cone on the end of a shaft which I arrange in
a sliding frame so as to bring the sides of the cone on a plane with the
face of the die and eccentric wheel, and gear it to rotate in the direction
in which the shoe is carried by the die. Now this cone if pressed
forward against the die with sufficient force will press the iron into it
and make its impress on the inside of the shoe leaving the outside of
the shoe with a plain surface. To make the chamfer and the crease
and nail holes on the outside of the shoe I make an enlargement or swell
and projections on the side of the aforesaid cone. The cone must of
course be set so as to bring the swell and projections on its side in their
proper relation to the die and eccentric wheel. The driving shaft is
supported by an outboard pillow block and an inboard bearing in the
inside of the frame. This driving shaft is fitted with a pinion by which
the proper motion is transmitted to the spur wheel on the cam shaft, and
also to the spur wheel on the rear end of the dié roller, by which means
the requisite motion is conveyed to the said die roller. In addition to
spur wheel on the rear end of the said roller it is also fitted with a
pinion which gears into a pinion of equal size fitted on or in the roller
that carries the eccentric wheel. By means of this pinion the said
wheel receives its proper relative motion. The motion of the die and
eccentric wheel being thus provided for it is necessary to provide the
cone with the desired rotating and reciprocating motion which is
obtained by means of suitable gearing. I set the frame which carries
the cone shaft in properly constructed grooves on the top of the main
frame, which grooves are fitted with gibs and adjusting screws by which
the said sliding frame can be secured and adjusted, leaving it free to work
to and fro, while at the same time it maintains its position with firmness
and accuracy. On the lower or bottom side of this frame there is a spur
which projects down through a slot in the main frame. By means-of
this spur and a toggle the sliding frame is connected to the main frame.
This toggle is united in the centre and connected to a cam yoke which
is operated by two cams fitted upon the cam shaft, one cam being
the

page_text: formed to throw the toggle up and press the cone forward against thre
shoe at the moment the iron enters the dies, and the other cam being
formed to pull the toggle down and throw the cone back when the
blank is severed from the bar. The object of this reciprocating motion
is to give room to discharge the finished shoe out of the die, which is
effected by means of a discharging tool fitted directly under the dics;
this tool works through the top of the main frame, and is operated by
means of two cams, one throwing it up to discharge the shoe and the
other drawing it down out of the way of the frame when the conc is
pressed forward against the die, both cams operating upon projections
made on the same cam yoke. The feeding of the iron to the die is done by
means of four rollers fitted with cam grooves, and arranged in the main
pillow blocks by the side of the other rollers. Each of them is fitted
with a pinion wheel all geared together, so that when in motion the one
pair of rollers.turns in one-direction, while the other pair turns in the
opposite direction. In the surface of each of these rollers a groove is
cut so that the groove in one roller comes exactly opposite the groove in
all the rest and on a line with the die and eccentric wheel. One side of
the bottom of each groove is cut away to form a cam. The rollers are
then put together so as to bring the operative parts of the cams of the
inside rollers together when the operative parts of the cams of the
outside rollers are apart and vice versa. The inside rollers draw the
iron towards the die while the outside ones throw it back. The
necessary power for operating these rollers is obtained through the
agency of an intermediate wheel which gears into the pinion of one of
the rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 10th January 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM 3
ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton
Buildings, London, Consulting Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty- 3
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,

page_text: give and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lako, Her special
licence that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert
Lake, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
USC, cxcrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING HORSE-SHOES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Robert Lako, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent..
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert. Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention,,and, in what manner. tho samo
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The object of this Invention is to furnish means for bending, drawing,
and "fulling" bars of iron in the form of horse-shoe blanks or other
curvilincal form in such manner as to leave the iron of uniform density
on its convex and concave sides or edges, that is without leaving the
fibres of the convex edge or side of the article formed stranded and loose
in its texture, as is the ease when the iron is simply bent without being
drawn and "fulled" at the same time. This object I accomplish by
fabricating a machine substantially as follows:-This machine is more
especially adapted to the formation of horse-shoe blanks, but its operative
parts may be readily modified to produce other similar articles of manu-
fucture, as described, without changing the principle involved in its
construction and operation.
The essential elements of this machine are three, and may be styled
its operative or executive parts, which must be so formed, combined, and
operated in respect to each other as to accomplish the above-described
object. These parts are, first, a rotating die; second, a rotating pressure
disk; third, a rotating pressure conc. The machine also possesses
certain means for guiding and feeding the bar of iron (from which the

page_text: blanks are to be made) to the aforesaid operative parts of the machine,
and also for discharging the blanks after their formation.
Figure 1 is an end clevation of the left-hand end of the said machine
with part removed, showing the dies by which the shoe blank is cut and
bent, the motion by which the iron is fed to tho dies, and by which the
comploted shoe is discharged,
Figure 2 is a side elevation of rollers for carrying the forming and
cutting dies and other parts.
Figure 3 is an end view of the rollers with the dies applied thereto.
Figure 4 is a front view of the frame carrying the die and feed rollers.
The frame is made in form of a box about four feet wide, three feet
high, and ten feet long, or about in that proportion for machines of
different size and strength. Upon the afore-mentioned frame there is cast
or bolted a pair of pillow blocks D, in which there is arranged a pair of
-rollers or shafts H, K, the front ends of these rollers being made to project
a short distance in front of the forward pillow block. On the front end
of one of these rollers H a die is made in form like the inside and under
side of a horse-shoc. The said die serves as a block to turn the shoe on.
On the front end of the other roller K, an irregular eccentric wheel is
formed or secured, The form of this eccentric wheel is such as to leave
a space between the periphery of the shoe block and the periphery of the
eccentric wheel, as the two rotate about their respective axes, cqual in
width and form to, the web of the shoc it is intended to make, when the
two rollers are adjusted in their proper relation to each other (sec
Figures 1 and 4). The eccentric wheel is also formed with a recess in
its periphery, and with projections at each end of the said recess, to lap
over the rear end of the shoe block or dic, and sever the iron after it has
been bent around the block and the shoe. To catch the end of the iron
as it is thrust forward in the die, and to mark or stamp the shoc, thero
is a small pin set in the shoe die which is forced in the end of the
hot bar at the moment when it is caught between the dies; this pin is
made so short as not to interfere with the discharge of the completed
shoe or the entrance of the iron at the beginning of its formation.
When the die H and the eccentric wheel K are set in a certain
relation to each other (as in Figure 4) and the iron is introduced from
the right-hand side, it will be carried in by the motion of the dic and
wheel, and bent around the block and severed, leaving a rude unfinished

page_text: blank on the die, the outside and inside edges, and the ends whereof will
be rolled and drawn to the proper shape and size, but the top and bottom
sides are left unfinished. To complete the shoe therefore in a single
operation it is necessary to provide means of shaping the top and
bottom sides, and of cutting the crease for the nail heads, and the holes
for the nails as it passes through the die and wheel. To do this I make
a cone'm on the end of a shaft J, which I arrange in a sliding frame B,
so as to bring the sides of the cone on a plane with the face of the die
and eccentric wheel, and gear it to rotate in the direction in which the
shoc is carried by the die. Now this cono if pressed forward against the
die with sufficient force will press the iron into it, and make its impress
on the inside of the shoc, leaving the outside of the shoe with a plain
surface. It is not desirable, however, to make the outside of the shoe a
plain surface, but it is desirable to chamfer its inside edge and make a
crease and holes in it for the nails, as shewn by v, Figures 1 and 4. To
make this chamfer and the crease and nail holes on the outside of the
shoc, I make an enlargement or swell and projections on the side of the
aforesaid cone, high, numerous, and wide enough to make the chamfer,
erease, and nail holes of the desired number, depth, and length. The
cone must of course be set so as to bring the swell and projections on
its side in their proper relations to the die and eccentrio wheel, and once
set, the gearing will maintain, when the machine is in operation, the
proper relative positions.
Of these executive parts of the machine I have now described tho
devices and their relations by which the shoe is formed. I will now describe
the means by which said devices are operated and made to fulfil their
respective functions. The driving shaft F is supported by an outboard
pillow block E, and an inboard bearing / made in the inside of the frame.
This driving shaft is fitted with a pinion P by which the proper motion
is transmitted to the spur wheel Q on the cam shaft G, and also to the
spur wheel R on the rear end of the die roller H, by which means the
requisite motion is conveyed to said die roller. In addition to the spur
wheel on the rear end of said roller it is also fitted with a pinion W,
which gears in a corresponding pinion V of equal size fitted on or made
in the roller K. that carries the eccentric wheel, by means of which
pinion the said wheel receives its proper relative motion. The motion
of the die and eccentric wheel being thus provided for, it is necessary
to. provide the cone with the desired motion, which is not only a rotating

page_text: but also a reciprocating motion, the power of which is obtained by
means of a spur wheels fitted on the shaft I, and made to gear in the
wheel R, the foreward end of the shaft I being fitted with a small bevel
wheel T, which gears in a similar wheel z fitted on the cone shaft J.
The fore end of the shaft I of this gearing is supported in the same frame
that carries the cone shaft J, the rear end of the shaft I being supported
in a suitable bearing raised on the rear end of the main frame.
Having thus given the cone the proper rotating motion, I give it a
reciprocating motion as follows, that is to say, I set the frame which
carries the cone shaft in properly constructed grooves made in or formed
on the top of the main frame, which grooves are fitted with gibs and
adjusting screws by which said sliding frame can be thoroughly secured
and nicely adjusted, leaving it free to work to and fro, while at the
same time it maintains its position with firmness and accuracy. On the
lower or bottom side of this frame B there is a spur B made which
projects down through a slot made in the main frame, as shown. By
means of this spur the sliding frame is connected to the main frame A
by means of a toggle b. This toggle is united in the centre and con-
nected to a cam yoke a which is operated by two cams c, d, fitted upon
the shaft G, the cam c being formed to throw the toggle up and press
the cone forward against the shoe with great force the moment the iron
enters the dies, and the cam d must be formed to pull the toggle down
and throw the cone back the moment the blank is severed from the bar,
the shaft I being made to move with the frame B as it moves to and fro.
The object of this reciprocating motion is to give room to discharge the
finished shoe out of the dic, which is effected by means of a discharging
tool fitted directly under the dies, as shown by g; this tool works up
through the main frame and is operated by means of two cams i, h,
the cam throwing it up to discharge the shoe, and the cam i drawing
it down out of the way of the frame B when the cone is pressed forward
against the die, both cams operating upon opposite projections made on
the same cam yoke g.
Having now described the devices by which the shoe is made, the
manner of making it, and the mode in which the different parts are
operated, it only remains to describe the manner of feeding the iron to
the die. This is done by means of four rollers N, M, and C, P, fitted
with cam grooves. These rollers are arranged in the main pillow blocks
by the side of the rollers II, K; cach of them is fitted with a pinion. All

page_text: the pinions are geared together. The rollers are arranged in pairs, one
above another, the one pair being set close to the other, so that when in
motion the one pair of rollers turn in one direction, while the other pair
turn in the opposite direction. In the surface of each of these rollers
near their front ends a groove is cut so that the groove in one roller
comes exactly opposite the groove in all the rest, and on a line with tho
dic and eccentric wheel. After these grooves have been cut one side of
the bottom of each of them is cut away so as to form a cam, as shown in
Figure 6. The rollers are then put together so as to bring the operative
parts of the cams of the inside rollers together when the operative parts
of the cams of the outside rollers are apart, and vice versa. Now the
inside rollers draw the iron towards the die, while the outside ones throw
it back, so that when these rollers are properly adjusted the inside cams
catch the iron and feed it to the die, and the outside ones through it back
the moment the iron is severed. The necessary motion and power for
operating these rollers is obtained through the agency of an intermediate
wheel which gears into the pinion V of the roller H, whence it receives
its motion, and into the pinion X on the inside bottom feed roller P,
through which it imparts the requisite motion to all the said feed rollers,
as above described.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I claim,-
First. Combining a rotating pressure disc, a rotating die, and a rotating
cone or roller, formed and operated with reference to each other to draw
"full" and bend the iron in the manner described to the required
form.
Second. Forming and severing a horse-shoe blank complete and
without waste from a bar of hot iron by forcing the same upon or in a
moving die of the desired form and size by means of a moving cone or
roller and a moving disc formed and operated in relation to each other
to work the iron, substantially as set forth.
Third. Chamfering the upper side of the shoe, substantially in the
manner described, by means of a cone or roller made with a swell or
enlargement on its side or surface and acting in combination with the die
and eccentric wheel, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. Arranging the pressure or forming cone or roller in a movable
frame, substantially as described, and combining the same with the

page_text: forming dies so as to fall or swing back from the said dies to provide for
the discharge of the shoc, substantially as described.
Fifth. Feeding the iron to the dies and discharging it from the same
by means of grooved rollers made and operated in combination with the
said dies, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The discharging tool combined and operated in relation to the
die for the purpose of discharging the shoe from said die, substantially as
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, tho said William Robert Lake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE. (L.S.)
Witness,
H. J. GEDGE,
Clerk to. Haseltine, Lake, & Co.
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.