Improved Windlass or Lifting Jack with Reduced Friction and Pawl and Ratchet Motion
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Mar., 1894-Accepted, 21st July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Windlass or Lifting Jack with Reduced Friction and
Pawl and Ratchet Motion.
I, FERDINAND LANDERL, of I., Jasomirgottstrasse 4, Vienna, Austria Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an Improved Windlass or Lifting Jack with Reduced
Friction and Pawl and Ratchet Motion and has for its object to reduce the friction
by means of balls and to facilitate the work to the operator.
My improved windlass consists of a metal pipe or tube, having on its front end
a slot; said pipe is fitted in a base-plate resting upon four points on the
ground.
On the top the pipe has a head. The spindle receives the toothed top or crown,
which is held by a nut, but may turn about the spindle-pin.
At the foot of the spindle the same has the form of a lifting-arm to grip the load.
For guiding the pipe, a guiding roller is provided, sliding on the inner side of
the pipe.
A metal nut is cast into the ratchet wheel and is prevented from turning by
projections engaging into recesses of the wheel.
In order to fix the said nut in its vertical position, I provide screws which connect
by their threaded part the head and the pipe, while the smooth bolt engages into
the turned groove of the nut.
The head has on its top an annular hardened nut, and the ratchet wheel on its
under surface.
Between these 2 annular surfaces are mounted the friction balls. These balls
are placed between 2 annular plates of sheet-iron, which are perforated and
corrugated on the places where the balls are to lay, hereupon those two rings of
sheet-iron are rivetted; hereby the balls are guided and may nevertheless turn
about their axes in such a manner, that the balls must slide together with the
frame (formed by the 2 rivetted rings) in the hardened grooves mentioned
above.
The windlass or lifting jack is operated by a double-armed pawl, pivoted about a
bolt; by said pawl I can turn a toothed wheel and thereby the nut mentioned
above.
In order to limit the movement of the pawl I
corresponding holes of the casing.
employ a pin put through
The locking is effected by a
The pawl may also be made integral with the bolt.
strong spiral spring, bearing against the inclined or slopping edges of the pawl and
which spring is bent during the turning operation.
Dated 22nd June 1893.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.

page_text: Improved Windlass or Lifting Jack with Reduced Friction and
Pawl and Ratchet Motion.
I, FERDINAND LANDERL, of I., Jasomirgottstrasse 4, Vienna, Austria, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to an improved lifting jack characterized by the
employment of anti-friction balls mounted between the stationary and rotary or
rising parts in such a manner, that the friction is almost reduced to nil and
consequently the efficiency of the lifting jack is greatly increased.
The invention relates further to the certain manner of mounting and keeping
apart the said anti-friction balls as well as the manipulation and various details and
modifications of the litting jack as are illustrated in the annexed two sheets of
drawings, in which
Fig. 1, Sheet I, is a vertical section of the lifting jack,
Fig. 2 a plan partly in section on line x-x Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 a sectional plan on line zz Fig. 1, showing the method of keeping the
anti-friction balls in position.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan at line y—y Fig. 1, showing the driving gear of the
lifting jack.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section and Fig. 6 a plan thereof of modification of the lifting
jack shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 7 & 8 sectional plans thereof showing the driving gear in two different
positions, at the same time representing a section at y-y Fig. 5.
Fig. 9, Sheet II, is an elevation of a lifting jack operated by a crank handle,
Fig. 10 is a plan partly in section at line a- Fig. 9 and
Fig. 11 shows a modification of Fig. 9 partly in section with adjustable head.
The lifting jack as shown in Fig. 1 consists of a cast metal pipe A, which has a
longitudinal slot and rests at its lower end on a base or foot plate B formed with
points b. On the upper end of the pipe A is mounted the nut C adapted to rotate
and so held in position by means of the set screws a passing through the pipe A
and the ends a¹ of which project into the circular groove c formed in the nut C,
that it may turn but not alter its position relative to the pipe A.
The screw
spindle D mounted in the nut C is forged at its lower end to a lifting arm d, the
latter projecting through a slot formed in the pipe A and provided at its opposite
end with a guide roller d' which runs on the inner side of the pipe A. According
to this arrangement the screw spindle D can move up and down without having to
rotate.
It will be readily seen that the raising and lowering of the screw spindle is
effected by rotating the nut C which has motion imparted by a toothed wheel E
connected thereto and caused to revolve by means of an ordinary ratchet motion.
To securely fasten the toothed wheel E to the nut C the latter is cast to the same
when the former is placed in position, whilst the metal is also run into the grooves e
formed in the toothed wheel E. Between the underside of the toothed wheel E
and the top end of the tube A of the lifting jack are employed in corresponding
grooves F a suitable number of anti-friction balls which are kept in position
relatively to each other by means of a metal ring 1 placed around the nut, which
is formed with corresponding holes as shown in Fig. 3.
The ratchet motion may be actuated in either one or the other direction by
turning inwards the pawl g or g' respectively.
As shown in Fig. 4 the ratchet lever H is movable in the direction of the

page_text: arrow, but on being moved in the opposite direction the pawl g¹ will stop its return
movement.
The roller d' has for its object to guide the load on being lifted by the arm d and
to keep the same clear of the head of the lifting jack, whilst the roller d³ serves as
a guide for the screw spindle D, see Figs. 1 & 3. Fig. 5 shows a similar
construction of lifting jack as previously described, the pipe is replaced by the
three legs I which are connected at the lower end to a frame, the toothed wheel E
being operated in a similar manner.
The double pawl K with its pivots k may be formed in one piece and is retained
in either one or the other working position by a strong spring bolt L, I, acting upon
an incline of the pawl K.
Figs. 7 & 8 show the two different positions of the pawl K.
Figs. 9. 10 & 11 show other modifications of my invention the ratchet motion
being replaced by a wheel gearing. The head M may be formed to suit a lifting
jack as shown in Fig. 9 or the head may have an adjustable frame, see Fig. 11.
To this end the head of the lifting jack is formed with a cross frame M, in which
is made to slide legs m connected at their upper ends by a cross bar m'. By means
of the pins m³ and respective holes the cross bar m¹ can be adjusted vertically as
may be required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is-
"In lifting jacks."
1st. The employment of anti-friction balls between the rotating and stationary
part of the jack, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. The employment of a metal ring having apertures, each adapted to
receive and retain in position apart from each other the anti-friction balls f,
substantially as set forth.
3rd. Operating the lifting jack, specified in Claim I, by a ratchet motion acting
in two directions, substantially as described and illustrated.
4th. Operating lifting jacks, such as specified in Claim I, by ordinary wheel
gearing, substantially as described.
5th. In lifting jacks, as specified in Claim I, the arrangement shown in Fig. 11,.
for varying the relative height of the cross bar m', substantially as set forth.
6th. In lifting jacks, as specified in Claim I, the employment of the rollers d¹ & d*
respectively adapted to guide the load to be raised and the screw spindle A,
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 21st day of March 1894.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant..