Improvements in Looms having Jacquard Harness.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1890-Accepted, 13th Sept., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms having Jacquard Harness.
We, JOHN WORMALD, of the firm of Wormalds & Walker, of Dewsbury in the
County of York, Manufacturers, and GEORGE WASHINGTON, of the Textile Depart-
ment, Yorkshire College, Leeds, in the County of York, Assistant Lecturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the saine is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention has reference to the Jacquard harness employed in looms for
weaving, the object of our improvements being to reduce the number of the
perforated cards now used in this class of loom for changing the pattern when
weaving carriage rugs, or that class of fabric where the ground is of one weave
and the figure another weave..
In carrying out our invention, we make use of the usual upright hooked needles,
but we form on the top thereof two hooks, arranged back to back or pointing in
opposite directions; we also employ two transverse knives or lifting. bars for each
row of vertical hooked wires; such lifting bars, together with any hooks caught
thereon, have an upward and downward motion imparted to them for the purpose of
operating the harness connected to the bottom of such hooked wires, one set of knives
or lifting bars being employed to operate the vertical hooked wires necessary to
produce the figure of the fabric being woven, whilst the other set of lifting bars are
arranged to operate other booked wires necessary to produce the ground of the fabric.
The ordinary cross-wires, according to our arrangement, determine whether the
upright wires shall move in the required order to produce the figure or ground of
the fabric.
The upward, and downward movements of the lifting bars are determined and
selected by an intermittently revolving weave barrel, together with a series of
horizontal sliding bars having pins projecting laterally from their sides, such pins,
according to selection, catching under hooked ends forming part of the lifting bars,
so that as the said horizontal sliding bars are carried up and down by. the upper
griffe, the vertical wires caught hold of by the lifting bars are also carried up and
down, together with the harness tied thereon. The horizontal bars are made to slide
end wise for the purpose of selecting the lifting bars by means of the weave barrel,
which comprises a cylinder provided with eight sets of angular projections. The
barrel is made to revolve intermittently by means of star, and pegging, wheel, and, is
made to present one set of angular projections at each partial, rotation thereof, and
as there is formed underneath each horizontal bar a triangular projection, it follows
that each time the griffe carrying the horizontal bars. descends, the point of the
triangular projection will slide either to the left or right of the angular projections
presented, by the weave barrel, hence the horizontal bars are caused to slide either to
the right or left. hand as required.
The ordinary. card cylinder.carrying the perforated.cards is employed, for; striking
(or otherwise, according to the perforations in the cards) the horizontal cross-wires,
to: which cross-wires one, two, or more of the vertical hooks are attached, consequently
one movement of one cross-wire can operate one, two, or more vertical hooked wires,
therefore when more than one upright wire is connected to one cross-wire, the number
of such cross-wires is reduced.accordingly.
By, the arrangement of mechanism. above set forth, the card cylinder beats up and
operates such of the horizontal wires as it is necessary to select, such cross-wires in
turn, placing into position the hooks on the top of the vertical wires to be taken hold
of by the reciprocating lifting knives-or, bars for the purpose of operating the harness,
and this goes on, that is, to say, the lifting, knives continually, lift. the harness so deng
017

page_text: as no further change is required, but when a change in the pattern is demanded, the
card cylinder presents cards to operate such other cross-wires as will put into
position another set or series of vertical wires, which will be received and taken
hold of by the reciprocating lifting knives, whereby a change in the pattern will be
produced.
We wish to observe that there are no perforations on the cards to control the warp
for producing any particular weave, as the weave barrel performs this function;
consequently the number of cards are reduced in proportion; this arrangement also
allows the same card to beat up two or more times or until a change in the figure
'is required.
Such being the nature and object of our invention, in order that the same may be
better understood, we will now make reference to the accompanying sheets of drawings
illustrative thereof, wherein
Fig. 1 is front elevation of a Jacquard machine employed to work the harness of
fancy looms;
Fig. 2 is cross section thereof taken through the lines A B of Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3 is a section of Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale ;
Fig. 4 is a section of Fig. 3 taken through the line CD, shewing the shed open
and the positions the several parts then occupy ;
Fig. 5 is a corresponding view to Fig. 4 except that it shews the shed closed.
a represents the framework of the Jacquard; bis the lower griffe and c the upper
griffe, made to move up and down by crank and rod from the crank or other shaft of
the loom in the ordinary manner. The upper griffe c, as shewn more clearly in
Fig. 3, is made at each end with angle-shaped projections d on which rest each end
of the horizontal sliding bars e, such bars being shorter than the extreme width of the
griffe, to permit of such bars sliding endwise by the action of the weave barrel f.
The ordinary vertical hooked wires are shewn at 9, on the upper end of each of which
are two hooks h, as represented in the drawing. These hooks when at rest are
supported by horizontal crossbars i connected to the lower griffe; the said vertical
hooked wires also pass through loops j, formed in the horizontal cross-wires k, shown
more clearly in plan view Fig. 6. These cross-wires k are moved horizontally by the
cards presented to the end of the said horizontal wires at each beat up of the card
cylinder m. The slight end wise movement given to the horizontal cross-wires k
places one of the hooks h of the vertical wires g onto the transverse lifting bars n so
that on the upward movement of the top griffe c such vertical hooked bars would be
raised as shewn in Fig. 4 and the harness operated thereby, such movement forming
the weave of the fabric. The upward movement, however, of the said lifting bars n
is controlled by the weave barrel f as already stated. This weave barrel has an
intermittent motion imparted to it by the star and pegging wheel o which intermittent
movement takes place during the time the upper griffe is raised or in its elevated
position, the partial rotation of the weave barrel placing one of the angular points p
of the weave barrel in an upward direction, so that when the triangular projection q
(formed underneath the horizontal bar e) descends, it would be pushed laterally either
to the right or left so as to occupy the position shewn in Fig. 3; in doing this the
pins projecting from the sides of each horizontal bar e will either be presented under
the hook s rising up from the lifting bars n, or such pins r may be moved clear or
beyond the reach of the said hooks s, consequently at the next upward movement of
the top griffe, such lifting bars whose hooks come within the reach of pins r of the
sliding bar are raised, together with the vertical hooked wires placed thereon by
the action of the horizontal cross-wire, as will be well understood, whilst those lifting
bars whose hooks clear the pins of the sliding bar remain with their bottom ends
resting on the low griffe and descend with it for the purpose of increasing the size of
the shed. The vertical bars t, of which the transverse lifting bars n form a part, rest
with their lower ends upon the bottom griffe, and they are kept in their positions and
prevented having sidewise movement by the grates u, between which, in an up and
down direction, they are free to slide. The grates u are, by means of uprights u³,
connected to the bottom griffe, and move up and down with it.

page_text: The weave barrel is made up in sections threaded onto a rod as shewn in Figs. 7
and 8, but it may be formed with grooves in its circumference, and the angular
sections inserted end wise as shewn in section Fig. 9, or the angle shaped pieces p
may be connected together by links w as shewn in Fig. 10, placed onto a square
cylinder x, and as it is made to revolve intermittently, the angular sections are
presented from time to time under the triangular projection q formed on the under-
side of the sliding bar e. The weave barrel, as already shewn and described, is adapted
for that class of weave complete in 8 picks, but by the use of the links w, other weaves
having more or less picks may be employed.
By the use of our improvements, the weave can be changed by rearranging the
angular pieces p on the weave barrel; and this can be done without changing
the cards; in addition to which the number of cards required is also reduced.
Although our improvements are more particularly adapted for the manufacture of
carriage rugs, they are also applicable for the manufacture of ordinary goods.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
Firstly. In Jacquard harness, the use of the intermittently revolving weave barrel f
in combination with the triangular projection 9 formed on the underside of the sliding
bar e employed in the manner and for purposes set forth.
Secondly. In Jacquard harness, the use of the intermittently revolving weave
barrel, horizontal sliding bar e, in combination with the lifting knives or bars n
for purposes described.
Thirdly. In Jacquard harness, the use of the intermittently revolving weave
barrel, horizontal sliding bars e, lifting knives or bars n, in combination with
the double hooked upright wires g for purposes described.
Fourthly. In Jacquard harness, the use of the intermittently revolving weave
barrel f, the horizontal sliding bars e, the lifting knives n, the double hooked
upright wires 9, in combination with the rising and falling griffes.
Dated this 22nd day of Inl, 1800
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.