IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for tho
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES."-A communication
from abroad by Alexandre Damas Marye, of Rue St. Sebastien, Paris,
in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 19th March 1867, and dated the 8th October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th October 1866.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declaro tho nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to that kind of steam engine in which the steam is
used expansively, that is, after it has exerted its force in a small cylinder it is
admitted into another and larger cylinder, in which it expands still further,
and by its elastic force works a piston therein.
The Invention consists in placing the two cylinders one within the other, and
leaving an annular space between them to admit superheated steam or hot
gases, whereby the steam in the cylinders may be heated and caused to expand
as much as possible. A bell-shaped chamber is also placed on the top of the
cylinders, and as this is surrounded by an envelope or casing into which steam

page_text: or hot gases may be admitted it will be understood that the working steam
from the cylinders may be heated to a very considerable temperature; by this
arrangement a considerable economy of steam is effected.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES," being a communication to
me from abroad by Alexandre Damas Marye, of Rue St. Sebastien, Paris, in the
Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the naturo of tho said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thoreon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to that kind of steam engine in which the steam is
used expansively, that is, after it has exerted its force in a small cylinder it is

page_text: admitted into another and larger cylinder, in which it expands still further,
and by its elastic force works a piston therein.
The Invention consists in placing the two cylinders one within the other, and
leaving an annular space between them to admit superheated steam or hot
gases, whereby the steam in the cylinders may be heated and caused to expand
as much as possible. A bell-shaped chamber is also placed on the top of the
cylinders, and as this is surrounded by an envelope or casing into which steam
or hot gases may be admitted it will be understood that the working steam
from the cylinders may be heated to a very considerable temperature; by this
arrangement a considerable economy of fuel is effected.
The accompanying Drawing represents in vertical section one arrangement
which has been adopted by the Inventor for carrying out his Invention.
A and B are two cylinders which are set concentrically one inside the other.
In the smaller cylinder A, which is surrounded by the steam jacket a, works
the piston C, upon the two ends or faces of which the steam supplied from
the boiler exerts its force and escapes through the shell of the double slide
valve T into the outer cylinder B and acts alternately upon the two faces of
the piston D. It is to be observed that on escaping from the lower part of
the cylinder A in order to act upon the piston D the steam must pass through
the annular space formed by the heated interior upper surface E of the
cylinder B and the bell-shaped piece D which forms part of the piston D.
When the steam escapes from the upper part of the small cylinder and enters
under the large piston D it is subjected during its action to the calorific action
of the outer portion of the casing a of the small cylinder A and of a part of the
interior surface of the large cylinder heated by the casing b. It traverses in
a state of minute division the annular space x formed by the outside of the
casing a of the small cylinder and the interior of the bell-shaped piece D' of
the large piston D. The envelope or casing e of the chamber E which receives
the bell of the piston is cast with supports for the standards which serve as
guides for the rods of the pistons C and D, the guide rods of which carry a
cross rod or cross head to which are attached the connecting rods by means of
which the rectilinear motion is converted into rotary motion.
I would here remark that the cylinders A and B may be set in a hori-
zontal or an inclined position, according to the kind of engines to be
constructed.
Having now set forth the nature of this Invention, and having described
the manner of carrying the same into effect, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I dosire it to be understood that I do not intend to
confine myself to the precise arrangement or construction of parts above shown

page_text: and described, as they may be varied according to the nature of the engine to
which the Invention is to be applied; but that which I consider to be new and
desire to secure by Letters Patent as aforesaid is the application to expansion
engines of one or more cylinders arranged or placed concentrically one within
the other, and provided with a double envelope or casing, as herein set forth,
in order to obtain the greatest possible economy of fuel.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eighth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred' and sixty-seven.