mprovements In Water Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 9th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 22nd Jan., 1898
mprovements In Water Motors.
I, JAMES KEITH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., of 27, Farringdon Avenue, in the City of
London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this Invention to be as follows: :―
This Invention which relates to water motors of the kind described in the
Specification of my Patent No. 23640 of 1893 has for its object to improve the
construction and simplify the operation of the main and auxiliary valves which
control the admission and exhaust of the pressure fluid to and from the motor
cylinder.
According to the present Invention the main valve is made up of three tubular
sections which are screwed together and are formed with flanges at their ends
where they are joined together, between which flanges leather rings are gripped to
form two pistons closely fitting the valve casing and adapted to cover and uncover
the main ports of the motor cylinder upon reciprocation of the valve. One end
of the valve is open and is of smaller diameter than the pistons and it closely
fits the end of the casing through which passes the valve rod; whilst the opposite
end of the valve has secured to it a piston or plunger of the same diameter as
the other pistons and serving to close that end of the tubular valve but having
in it a central orifice through which passes the auxiliary valve which is com-
posed of a tube open at that end but closed at the opposite end by the valve
operating rod to which it is attached. The auxiliary valve tube which is placed
centrally within the main valve with a clear space around it passes through
the central orifice of a U cup leather held between the main valve tube and its
end piston and also through a hat leather or diaphragm held between two of
the sections of the main valve. The space around the main valve enclosed
between the port covering pistons is open to the exhaust and serves as an exhaust
passage from the motor cylinder ports as each in turn is uncovered; and the
spaces around the valve beyond the pistons are open to the pressure fluid.
Orifices in the main valve tube between these pistons place the exhaust always
in communication with the interior of the valve tube on one side of the hat
leather or diaphragm; and like orifices in the main valve tube between the end
piston and the adjoining port covering piston place the interior of the valve tube
on the opposite side of the hat leather or diaphragm in communication with the
pressure fluid. In the central auxiliary tube small orifices are formed at one
point, and in the operation of the motor the auxiliary valve is reciprocated so as
to bring these orifices alternately to opposite sides of the hat leather so that at
one stroke the pressure water is admitted through these orifices and passing
along the central tube exerts pressure on the end piston to force it and the main
valve outwards so as to traverse the port covering pistons over the motor cylinder
ports and effect the admission and exhaust. At the next stroke the water
within the central tube is allowed to escape through the orifices to the exhaust
so that pressure on the larger end piston is relieved and the main valve is moved

page_text: back by the pressure on the opposite side of the piston, thus reversing the
admission and exhaust of the motor cylinder. The auxiliary valve is operated
by tappets or like means from the piston rod of the motor cylinder.
Dated this 8th day of March 1897.
Improvements in Water Motors..
I, JAMES KEITH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., of 27, Farringdon Avenue, in the City of
London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention which relates to water motors of the kind described in the
Specification of my Patent No. 23640 of 1893 has for its object to improve the
construction and simplify the operation of the main and auxiliary valves which
control the admission and exhaust of the pressure fluid to and from the motor
cylinder.
The Invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing which is a vertical
section of the improved water motor.
According to the present Invention the main valve is made up of three tubular
sections A, B, C, which are screwed together and are formed with flanges at their
ends where they are joined together, between which flanges leather rings D are
gripped to form with the flanges two pistons E, F, closely fitting the valve
casing G and adapted to cover and uncover the main ports H, I, of the motor
cylinder J so as to traverse the piston J₁ upon reciprocation of the main valve.
One end of the main valve is open at K and is of smaller diameter than the
pistons E, F, and it closely fits the end G₁ of the casing G through which passes
the valve rod L; whilst the opposite end of the main valve has secured to it a
piston or plunger M of the same diameter as the other pistons and serving to
close that end of the tubular valve but having in it a central orifice through
which passes the auxiliary valve N which is composed of a tube open at that
end but closed at the opposite end by the valve operating rod L to which
it is attached. The auxiliary valve tube N which is placed centrally within the
main valve with a clear space around it passes through the central orifice of
a U cup leather O held between the part A of the main valve tube and its
end piston M and also through a hat leather or diaphragm P held between the
two sections A, B, of the main valve. The space Q around the main valve
enclosed between the port covering pistons E, F, is open to the exhaust chamber R
and serves as an exhaust passage from the motor cylinder ports H, I, as each
in turn is uncovered; and the spaces S, T, around the valve beyond the pistons
are open to the pressure fluid which is admitted at U. Orifices B₁ in the main
valve tube between the pistons E, F, place the exhaust chamber R always in
communication with the interior of the main valve tube on one side of the hat
leather or diaphragm P; and like orifices A' in the main valve tube between
the end piston M and the adjoining port covering piston E place the interior of
the valve tube on the opposite side of the hat leather or diaphragm P in com-
munication with the pressure fluid. In the central auxiliary tube N small

page_text: orifices N¹ are formed at one point, and in the operation of the motor the
auxiliary valve N is reciprocated so as to bring these orifices N¹ alternately to
opposite sides of the hat leather P so that at one stroke the pressure water is
admitted through these orifices N¹ and passing along the central tube N exerts
pressure on the end piston M to force it and the main valve outwards so as to
traverse the port covering pistons E, F, over the motor cylinder ports H, I, and
effect the admission and exhaust. At the next stroke the water within the
central tube N is allowed to escape through the orifices N1 to the exhaust
chamber R. so that pressure on the larger end piston M is relieved and the main
valve is moved back by the pressure on the opposite side of the piston F, thus
reversing the admission and exhaust of the motor cylinder. The auxiliary valve N
is operated by tappets V as shown or by like means acted on by an arm J³ on
the piston rod J of the motor cylinder J.
In the position of the valve shown the pressure water has traversed the main
valve until pressure water is admitted through the port I of the motor cylinder J,
the port H being at the same time opened to the exhaust chamber R. The water
at the end M of the main valve A is in communication with the exhaust chamber
by means of the orifices N¹ in the auxiliary valve N. When the piston J¹ has
been traversed along to the other end of the motor cylinder J an arm J3 acts on
the tappets V on the auxiliary valve rod L to traverse that valve until the
orifices N¹ in the valve N are brought to the other side of the hat leather P when
these orifices admit pressure water to the piston M whereby the main valve is
traversed to admit pressure water by the port H and open to the exhaust
chamber R the port I.
These movements of the main and auxiliary valves are repeated as often as
the piston of the motor cylinder performs a stroke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The improved water motor having valve gear constructed and arranged to
operate substantially as described.
2. In a water motor the combination of a main piston valve made up of
tubular sections and an auxiliary tubular valve fitted therein, the main piston
valve being provided with a series of ports constantly open to the exhaust
chamber and a series of ports constantly open to pressure water and the auxiliary
tubular valve having a series of ports which are alternately carried to opposite
sides of a hat leather or diaphragm between the valves so as to communicate
with the ports in the main valve and admit pressure water to and permit of its
exhaust from one end of the main piston valve substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.