IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHinery for the Manufacture of Screws.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sampson Zachary Lloyd, of Stourport, in the
County of Worcester, Manufacturer, and Benjamin William Rogers,
of Stourport, aforesaid, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHinery for the Manufacture of Screws.'
"
Sealed the 23rd December 1875, and dated the 13th July 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sampson Zachary
Lloyd and Benjamin William Rogers at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 13th July 1875.
We, SAMPSON ZACHARY LLOYD, of Stourport, in the County of
Worcester, Manufacturer, and BENJAMIN WILLIAM ROGERS, of Stour-
port, aforesaid, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
SCREWS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the construction and combinations or
arrangements of the parts of machinery herein-after described for

page_text: nicking, turning, worming, and pointing screws, and also for supplying
screw blanks or partly made screws to the feeding rails of nicking,
turning, and worming machinery.
We will first describe the machinery by which the operations of
nicking and turning are performed.
The saw by which the nicking is effected works vertically, and is
fixed on a horizontal shaft, the said shaft working in bearings carried
by an oscillating frame or cradle. This oscillating frame or cradle
passes across the whole width of the machine and turns in bearings at
opposite sides of the machine. By moving the said oscillating frame
towards the screw blank the saw carried by the said frame is made to
operate upon and nick the said screw blank.
By supporting the saw shaft by means of the oscillating frame or
cradle described, a long bearing is obtained for the saw shaft, and the
saw shaft is placed out of the way of the "swarf" and falling screws,
and in consequence of the freedom of the said shaft and its bearings
from "swarf" their wearing properties are improved.
The motions of the saw shaft and oscillating frame are gained in the
following manner :-On the end of the saw shaft is a spur wheel which
gears with a second spur wheel below it. The shaft of the last-mentioned
wheel passes
⚫ spur
under the frame of the machine parallel with the saw
shaft, and has on its end a bevil wheel which gears with a bevil wheel
on the driving shaft. The oscillating frame is moved forward towards
the screw blank by a bell-crank lever, actuated by a cam on the cam
shaft or by other equivalent mechanical arrangement. The cam shaft
is driven from the driving shaft by a pair of bevil wheels driven by a
worm and worm wheel, the latter being fixed on the cam shaft. The
back die by which the blank is supported during the nicking operation
is fitted into a holder, actuated by a cam in the ordinary way. The
head of the said back die is fitted into the holder in such a position,
and is of such a form, that it is made to project across or overhang the
screw blank, so that the said projecting or overhanging part of the die
receives the thrust of the saw, which saw as herein-before mentioned is
situated vertically.
For the purpose of nicking and turning screw blanks of different
lengths without altering the position of the opening cam of the spindle,

page_text: we construct and arrange the parts of the spindle in the following
manner: We provide the sliding rod within the spindle, by the action
of which the clams are opened and closed with a tail piece consisting
of a cranked bar, the parts of which bar are situated at right angles.
To the upper end of the vertical part of the tail piece the sliding rod 'of
the spindle is fixed by a screw nut. On the said tail piece, and parallel
with the horizontal part thereof, is a screw bolt adjustable on the tail
piece by a nut. This screw bolt is acted upon by the opening lever,
the latter being worked by a cam on the cam shaft in the ordinary
manner,
By means of the screw nuts described, and by sliding the headstock
in one or other direction, the distance between the clams of the spindle
and the opening lever may be regulated so that various lengths of
screw blanks may be nicked or turned without altering the position of
the opening cam or lever. The head of the sliding rod of the spindle
which acts upon tho clams to open or close them is wedge shaped, a
neck or contracted part.being formed in front of the wedge, into which
neck the rollers of the clams drop when the sliding rod is moved to open
the clams. By thus constructing the head of the sliding rod of the
spindle a greater range of motion of the clams is obtained in a much
smaller space and by a simpler combination of parts than by the ordinary
construction.
The improvements described in spindles are applicable to worming
machines as well as to nicking and turning machines.
We will now describe our improvements in worming and pointing
machines. The pointer or pointing cutter is carried by a block sliding
horizontally on a pin; and the position of the cutter in relation to the
screw is regulated by a pin sliding upon a fixed cross stud.
The block carrying the pointing cutter is pushed forward by a lever,
tlie latter being worked by a cam on the cam shaft. The return motion
of the block is effected by a spring.
The block carrying the worming cutter is attached to a shaft sliding
freely in the cradle, and is moved by a comb lever shaft in the ordinary
way, but the said cutter block, instead of being connected to the comb
lever shaft by a flexible joint, is entirely free of the said shaft. The

page_text: comb lever shaft is provided with a projecting arm at right angles to the
said shaft. A stud with a compression spring upon it is attached to this
arm, and slides on a pallet projecting from the cradle. By this arrange-
ment the comb is brought into gear in the same manner as if connected
by a flexible joint.
We drive the cam shaft of the worming machine so as to enable the
speed of the cam shaft to be regulated at pleasure by the following
arrangement of gearing:-Motion from the driving shaft is conveyed to
the regulator spindle by a train of spur wheels. Upon the end of the
regulator spindle is a bovil wheel, which gears with a bevil wheel upon
an inclined shaft; this inclined shaft carries a worm, which gears with
a worm wheel on the cam shaft. By this arrangement the speed of the
cam shaft may be regulated at pleasure, according to the length of the
blanks to be wormed by increasing or decreasing the diameter of the
worm wheel, and by using a single or double threaded worm.
Our Invention consists further of the following improvements in
hoppers for supplying the blanks or partly made screws to the feeding
rails of worming, nicking, and turning machines:-We make the
hopper in two parts, one part being fixed and the other part having a
rotatory motion. The fixed part is semicircular, and the revolving part
is dish shaped, its open front being presented to and working against the
open front of the fixed part. The said revolving part of the hopper is
carried by a horizontal shaft, the latter being driven by a band and
pulley. To the inner side of the periphery of the revolving part of the
hopper, and projecting into the interior of the said hopper, one or more
forks are fixed, which forks as the hopper revolves pass through the heap
of screw blanks on the bottom of the hopper, and carry with them as
many blanks as enter between the forks. The front end of the forks
work against a fixed guard, which prevents the screw blanks falling out.
When the fork arrives opposite the feeding rail it is free of the guard,
and the said fork takes such an inclination that the blanks slide from
the said fork into the said feeding rail. The feeding rail is curved to
allow the forks to pass behind it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Sampson Zachary Lloyd and Benjamin William
Rogers in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMPSON
ZACHARY LLOYD, of Stourport, in the County of Worcester, Manu-
facturer, and BENJAMIN WILLIAM ROGERS, of Stourport, aforesaid,
Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Sampson Zachary Lloyd and
Benjamin William Rogers, Her special license, that we, the said
Sampson Zachary Lloyd and Benjamin William Rogers, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Sampson
Zachary Lloyd and Benjamin William Rogers, our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thercafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Sampson Zachary Lloyd and Benjamin William
Rogers, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of ono
of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the naturo
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of tho
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Sampson Zachary Lloyd and
Benjamin William Rogers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thercof, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists of the construction and combinations or

page_text: arrangements of the parts of machinery herein-after described for
nicking, turning, worming, and pointing screws, and also for supplying
screw blanks or partly made screws to the feeding rails of nicking,
turning, and worming machinery.
We will first describe the machinery by which the operations of
nicking and turning are performed.
The saw by which the nicking is effected works vertically, and is fixed
on a horizontal shaft, the said shaft working in bearings carried by an
oscillating frame or cradle. This oscillating frame or cradle passes
across the whole width of the machine, and turns in bearings at opposite
sides of the machine. By moving the said oscillating frame towards
the screw blank the saw carried by the said frame is made to operate
and nick the said screw blank.
By supporting the saw shaft by means of the oscillating frame or
cradle described a long bearing is obtained for the saw shaft, and the
saw shaft is placed out of the way of the "swarf" and falling screws,
and in consequence of the freedom of the said shaft and its bearings
from "swarf "their wearing properties are improved.
The motion of the saw shaft and oscillating frame are gained in the
following manner :—( On the end of the saw shaft is a spur wheel, which
gears with a second spur wheel below it. The shaft of the last-
mentioned spur wheel passes under the frame of the machine parallel
with the saw shaft, and has on its end a bevil wheel which gears with a
bevil wheel on the driving shaft. The oscillating frame is moved
forward towards the screw blank by a bell-crank lever actuated by a cam
on the cam shaft. The cam shaft is driven from the driving shaft by a
pair of bevil wheels driven by a worm and worm wheel, the latter being
fixed on the cam shaft. The back die by which the blank is supported
during the nicking operation is fitted into a holder actuated by a cam in
the ordinary way. The head of the said back die is fitted into the
holder in such a position and is of such a form that it is made to project
across or overhang the screw blank, so that the said projecting or over-
hanging part of the die receives the thrust of the saw, which saw, as
herein-befere mentioned, is situated vertically.
For the purpose of nicking and turning screw blanks of different
lengths without altering the position of the opening cam of the spindle
we construct and arrange the parts of the spindle in the following

page_text: manner-We provide the sliding rod within the spindle, by the action
of which the cams are opened and closed, with a tail piece consisting of
a cranked bar, the parts of which bar are situated at right angles. To
the upper end of the vertical part of the tail piece the sliding rod of the
spindle is fixed by lock nuts. On the tail piece and parallel with the
horizontal part thereof is a screw bolt adjustable on the tail piece by a
nut. This screw bolt is acted upon by the opening lever, the latter
being worked by a cam on the cam shaft in the ordinary manner.
By means of the lock nuts described and by sliding the headstock in
one or other direction the distance between the clams of the spindle and
the opening lever may be regulated so that various lengths of screw
blanks may be nicked or turned without altering the position of the
opening cam and lever. The head of the sliding rod of the spindle
which acts upon the clams to open or close them is wedge shaped, a
neck or contracted part being formed in front of the wedge, into which
neck the rollers of the clams drop when the sliding rod is moved to open
the clams. By thus constructing the head of the sliding rod of the
spindle a greater range of motion of the clams is obtained in a much
smaller space and by a simpler combination of parts than by the ordinary
construction.
The improvements described in spindles are applicable to worming
machines as well as to nicking and turning machines.
These several improvements are illustrated in the nicking and turning
machine represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3, and the detached views of
the spindles represented in Figures 4, 5, and 6, Figure 1 representing
a side elevation of the machine; Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3 a cross
section taken on the line A, B, of Figure 2.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2,
3, 4, 5,
and 6.
a is the rotating saw moving in a vertical plane fixed on the hori-
zontal shaft b, the said shaft working in bearings carried by the oscillating
frame or cradle c. The said oscillating frame or cradle c extends the
whole width of the machine (see the plan, Figure 2), and turns in
bearings at opposite sides of the machine. We prefer to support the
opposite ends of the oscillating frame c in the manner represented in
the Drawing, that is, the end c³ rides or turns freely on the end of the

page_text: shaft d below it as a centre, while the opposite end c' rides or turns
freely on the fixed pin c as a centre.
The rotating motion of the saw shaft 6 and the forward or advance
motion of the oscillating frame or cradle c for the nicking of the screw
blank are obtained by the following mechanical combination of parts:—
On the end of the saw shaft is a large spur wheel b', which gears with
a second and smaller spur wheel 6ª, indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1.
The shaft d of the last-mentioned spur wheel 62 passes under the frame
of the machine parallel to the saw shaft b (see Figure 2), and has on
its end a bevil wheel d¹ (see Figure 2), which gears with a bevil
wheel d³ on the driving shaft F. The oscillating frame c is advanced or
moved towards the head of the screw blank in the clams q, q, by the
bell-crank lever attached to the cradle or frame c by the pin or
centre g¹, and the said bell-crank lever g is actuated by the cam h¹ on
the cam shaft H by means of the lever i turning on the pin or centro ¿',
and connected to the said lever g by the connecting rod 2, tho con-
nection of the ends of the rods with the said levers 7 and i being
effected by ball-and-socket joints, as seen in Figure 1. The cam shaft H
is driven from tho driving shaft F through the bevil wheels / and worm
and worm wheels h³.
The advance of the oscillating frame c, and consequently the depth
of the nick cut by the saw a is adjusted by means of the set screw g³
working in the vertical arm of the lever g, and bearing on the oscillating
frame c in the manner best seen in Figure 1.
The exact position of the nick in the centre of the head of the screw
blank is regulated as follows:-The saw frame c has a slight lateral
motion on its centres d and e, and the position of the said frame on its
centres is regulated by the set screw c¹ bearing on the pin or centre e,
the said set screw passing through the screwed snug or projection c
attached to the under side of the oscillating frame c. As the set
screw c¹ is turned in one or other direction the oscillating frame c slides
in one or other direction on its centres d and e, thus adjusting the
position of the saw carried by the said frame.
The back die m, by which the screw blank is supported during the
nicking and turning operations, is fitted into a holder m³ oscillating on
the fixed shaft m², and actuated by a cam h² on the shaft H in the
ordinary manner. The said back die m is fitted into the holder in such

page_text: a manner, and is of such a form, that it projects across or overhangs the
screw blank, so that the said projecting or overhanging part of the die
receives the thrust of the vertical rotating saw a. The position and shape
of the back die m, and the manner in which it supports the thrust of
the saw, will be readily seen and understood by an examination of the
cross section, Figure 3. The turning of the screw blank before and
after nicking is performed in the ordinary manner by the cutter n
carried by the block n' riding on the shaft n³, and actuated by the
lever n³ by means of the double-acting cam ³ on the cam shaft H.
clams and
When the
We will now describe the opening and closing mechanism of the
clams by which the nicking and turning of screw blanks of various
lengths may be effected without altering the position of the opening
cam *, and its lever t. The sliding rod o within the spindle p carrying
the clams q, q, 'shown separately in Figure 5, is furnished with a wedge-
shaped end or head o, the said wedge-shaped head being, pressed by a
coiled spring o' in the chamber of the spindle against the rollers q*, at
-the extremities of the clams q, q, and thus closing the
holding the screw blank firmly between their gripping ends.
wedge o is withdrawn from the rollers of the clams q, q, by the
-mechanism herein after described, the said clams 9, q, open by means of
springs and release the screw blank in the ordinary manner. The
opening rod and wedge o, 'o', are withdrawn so as to release the screw
blank from the clams q, q, at the proper moment by the following
arrangement of parts. The opening rod o is provided with a tail piece
r², consisting of a cranked bar, the parts of the said bar being situated
at right angles to one another (see Figure 1). The lower arm
cranked bar 1, 2, slides in guides in the headstocks
stock is capable of sliding and being adjusted on the bed of the
machine. To the vertical arm r of the said tail piece or cranked bar
the opening rod o of the spindle p is attached by the lock nuts o³. 'On
the said tail piece r, r³, and parallel with the horizontal part thereof is
'screwed a bolt & having at its end a lock nut s', by which it can be
adjusted to any length. The said screw bolt 8 is acted upon by the
cam * on the cam shaft H, by means of the lever t. (see Figure 2), by
the action of which lever the said bolts is pushed back at the proper
moment, and through the cranked bar or tail piece r, ², withdraws the
opening rod and wedge o, o¹, and compresses the coiled spring o' in 'the
chamber of the spindle p, and opens the clams q, q.
of the
The head-
By sliding "'tlio

page_text: headstock in one or other direction the position of the spindle p
carried by the said headstock may be adjusted, and by means of the
screw nuts of and 8¹, the positions of the spindle rod o and screw bolt s
may also be adjusted so as virtually to shorten or lengthen the said rod
and bolt, and thereby adjust the distance between the clams q, q, of the
spindle and the open lever t. By the adjustments described the machine
may be fitted to nick and turn screw blanks of various lengths without
altering the positions of the opening cam h* and lever t, as will be
understood by an examination of Figure 2.
The head o¹ of the sliding rod o of the spindle p which actuates the
clams q, q, is as represented wedge-shaped, but a contraction or neck o³
may be formed in front of the said wedge o¹, as represented in Figures 4
and 6, into which neck o³ the rollers q³ of the clams q, q, drop when the
sliding rod is withdrawn. The ordinary slot in the wedge o¹ is dispensed
with, and the front end of the wedge is forked, the fork working on the
guide pin o' when the wedge is in its advanced position, and is holding
the clams closed. When the wedge is withdrawn and the fork disen-
gaged from the guide pin o*, the enlarged part o' of the spindle o serves
to guide the rod o and wedge o¹. By these means the clams q, q, are
pressed open wider than they can be by the ordinary method of con-
struction, and this result is obtained in a much smaller space, and by a
simpler construction than has hitherto been done.
Figuro 4 represents a spindle adapted for worming; Figure 5
represents a spindle adapted for nicking and turning screw blanks
of small sizes, and Figure 6 represents a spindle adapted for nicking and
turning screw blanks of large sizes where a firmer hold is required.
The improvements described and represented in spindles are appliable
to worming machines as well as to nicking and turning machines.
Although we prefer to use spindles of the construction described in
combination with nicking and worming machines constructed according
to our Invention yet spindles of the ordinary kind may be used in the
said machines.

page_text: Our Invention consists further of the following improvements in
worming and pointing machines:-The pointer or pointing cutter is
carried by a block sliding horizontally on a pin, and the position of the
cutter in relation to the screw to be cut regulated by a pin sliding
against a fixed cross stud.
The block carrying the pointing cutter is pushed forward by a lever,
the latter being worked by a cam on the cam shaft. The return motion
of the block is effected by a spring.
The block carrying the worming cutter is attached to a shaft sliding
freely in the cradle, and is moved by a comb lever shaft in the ordinary
way; but the said cutter block shaft, instead of being connected to the
comb lever shaft by a flexible joint is entirely free of the said shaft.
The comb lever shaft is provided with a projecting arm at right angles
to the said shaft. A stud with a compression spring upon it is attached
to this arm and slides on a pallet projecting from the cradle. By this
arrangement the comb is brought into gear with the regulator in the
same manner as if connected by a flexible joint.
We drive the cam shaft of the worming machine so as to enable the
speed of the said cam shaft to be regulated at pleasure by the following
arrangement of gearing-Motion from the driving shaft is conveyed to
the regulator spindle by a train of spur wheels: Upon the end of tho
regulator spindle is a bevil wheel which gears with a bevil wheel upon
an inclined shaft. This inclined shaft carries a worm which gears with
a worm wheel on the cam shaft. By this arrangement the speed of the
cam shaft may be regulated at-pleasure, according to the lengths of the
blanks to be wormed, by increasing or decreasing the diameter of the
worm wheel and by using a single or double threaded worm.
These several improvements are illustrated in Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10
of the accompanying Drawings; Figure 7 representing a side elevation
of the worming and pointing machine; Figure 8, a plan; Figure 9, an
end elevation; and Figure 10 a cross section of the same.
The same
letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10.
a is the pointing cutter carried by the block a' sliding horizontally
upon the pin a, and also capable of being turned through the required
angle on the said pin a². The position of the cutter a in relation to the
screw to be pointed is regulated by the adjusting pin a³ (see Figure 10)
on the tail of the block a¹, the said pin a sliding or bearing as the

page_text: block a¹ makes its motion against the fixed cross shaft a', which carries
the back die holder a. The block a' carrying the pointing cutter a is
pushed forward or advanced by a lever b, an adjustable pin 62 on which
bears against an adjustable pin as on the block a'. The lever is
worked by a cam c on the cam shaft D. The return motion of the
block a¹ is effected by a spring not shown in the Drawings.
We will now describe the worming mechanism of the machine. The
block e carrying the worming cutter e is attached to the shaft f, the
said shaft sliding freely in the cradle g, and is moved laterally by a shaft
h, to which is attached the lever i carrying the comb 2, which comb “
is actuated by the regulator j on the shaft N in the ordinary way.
The cutter block shaft f instead of being connected with the comb
lever shaft by a flexible joint in the ordinary manner is entirely free
from the said shaft has represented, and the said comb lever shaft his
furnished with an arm carrying a stud / having a compression spring
h³. The stud / bears and slides upon the pallet g³ projecting from the
cradle g, and as the said pallet g³ is raised or depressed with the cradle g
by means of the lever k on the shaft f acted upon by the series of
cams on the shaft D, the said pallet 92 causes the arm ¹ on the comb
lever shaft / to rise or fall, thereby bringing the comb
into or out of gear with the regulator j in the usual manner.
on the lever i
By the arrangement described the comb it is brought into gear with
the regulator j in the same manner as if connected by a flexible joint,
but the cutter block e is left entirely free to follow the mould slide g³,
which gives the form of the screw. We drive the cam shaft D of the
machine so as to enable the speed of the said cam shaft to be regulated
at pleasure according to the length of thread required by the following
arrangement of gearing.
Motion from the driving shaft or spindle M is conveyed to the
regulator shaft N by the train of spur wheels m, m², m², m³. Upon the
end of the regulator shaft N is a bevil wheel m*, which gears with a
bevil wheel m³ upon the inclined shaft m³, which carries the worm m
gearing with the worm wheel m³ on the cam shaft D. By this arrange-
ment of gearing the speed of the cam shaft D can be varied at pleasure
by increasing or decreasing the size of the worm wheel m", and regulating
the position of the bracket n which carries the worm m².

page_text: .
For pointing and worming long screw blanks we substitute a wheel of
larger size for the wheel m³, and for short screw blanks we use a worm
with a double thread.
Our Invention consists further of the following improvements in
hoppers for supplying the blanks or partly made screws to the feeding
rails of worming, nicking, and turning machines.
We make the hopper in two parts, one part being fixed and the other
part having a rotatory motion. The fixed part is semicircular and the
revolving part is dish shaped, its open front being presented to and
working against the open front of the fixed part. To the inner side of
the periphery of the revolving part of the hopper and projecting into the
interior of the said hopper one or more forks are fixed, which forks as
the hopper revolves pass through the heap of screw blanks on the bottom
of the hopper and carry with them as many blanks as enter between the
forks. The front end of the forks work against a fixed guard which
prevents the screw blanks falling out. When the fork arrives opposite
the feeding rail it is free of the guard, and the said fork takes such an
inclination that the blanks slide from the said fork into the said feeding
rail. The feeding rail is curved to allow the forks to pass behind it.
This part of our Invention is illustrated in elevation in Figure 11, and
section in Figure 12 of the Drawings; a is the fixed part of the hopper,
and 6 is the rotating part. The semicircular figure of the fixed part is
seen in Figure 11, and the dish shape of the rotating part is seen in
Figure 12:: The said Figure 12 also exhibits the manner in which the
open front of the revolving part 6 bears against the open side of the
fixed part a. The said revolving part 6 is carried by a horizontal shaft c,
the latter being driven from the cam shaft of the machine by a band
passing over the pulley d on the said shaft ; f, f, are the forks carried by
the revolving part 6 of the hopper. As the hopper 6 revolves the forks
fpass through the heap of screw blanks in the bottom of the hopper,
and carry with them such of the said screw blanks as enter between the
forks. The free extremity of the forks works against the fixed guard g,
which prevents the screw blanks falling out until they arrive opposite
the extremity of the feeding rail h. The inclination of the forks then
permits the blanks to fall upon the rail h. The receiving end of the
feeding rail is curved so as to allow the forks on their rotation to pass
behind it as seen in Figure 12. The screw blanks are transferred from

page_text: the feeding rail to the clams by the ordinary or any convenient
feeder.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that
we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and t
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention; but we claim (as our Invention of improvements in
machinery for the manufacture of screws,―
First. Supporting the horizontal shaft carrying the rotating saw of
machinery for nicking and turning screw blanks by means of an oscil- 1
lating frame or cradle constructed and combined with the machine,
substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2,
and 3, of the accompanying Drawings; also the combination or arrange-
ment of parts for driving the said saw shaft.
Secondly. The arrangements or combinations of the parts of mechanism
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3, of the
accompanying Drawings for giving the forward or advance motion to
the said oscillating frame or cradle, and also for adjusting the position
of the saw, and regulating the advance of the said saw.
Thirdly. Constructing the head of the back die by which the screw 2
blank is supported in the manner herein-before described and illustrated
in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying Drawings for receiving the
thrust of the vertical saw.
Fourthly. The arrangement or combination of the parts of the
adjustable mechanism herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 2
1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings, for opening the clams of
machines for nicking and turning screws, whereby the machines may at
pleasure be fitted to operate upon screw blanks or partly made screws.
of different lengths without altering the position of the opening cam
and lever of the machine.
3
Fifthly. The improvements in the construction of the spindles of
machines for nicking, turning, worming, and pointing screws, herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 4, 5, and 6, of the accom-
panying Drawings, that is to say, making the head of the opening
rod working in the spindle wedge shaped, and either with or without a 3
contraction or neck for closing the clams and permitting the said clams
to open, substantially as described and illustrated.

page_text: Sixthly. The arrangement or combination of parts for working and
adjusting the pointing cutters of worming and pointing machines, herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 7, 8, and 10, of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Seventhly. The arrangement or combination of parts, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 7, 8, and 10, of the
accompanying Drawings, for transmitting the motion of the cutter block
shaft to the comb lever shaft, whereby the former shaft is entirely free
from the latter shaft, and the said cutter block shaft permitted to follow
with great freedom the mould slide and the ordinary flexible joint
between the two shafts is dispensed with, as described and illustrated.
Eighthly. The arrangement or combination of the parts of gearing,
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 7, 8, and 9, of the
accompanying Drawings, for driving and regulating the speed of the
cam shafts of worming machines.
Lastly. The arrangement or combination of the parts of hoppers,
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 11 and 12 of the
accompanying Drawings, for supplying blanks or partly made screws
to the feeding rails of machines for nicking, turning, pointing, and
worming screws.
In witness whereof, we, the said Sampson Zachary Lloyd and
Benjamin William Rogers, have hereunto set our hands and
seal, this Sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
SAMPSON ZACHARY LLOYD.
(L.S).
Witness,
BENJAMIN WILLIAM ROGERS. (L.S.)
WILLIAM HENRY THOMAS,
Stourport.