AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING PAINT
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical
Draughtsman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF
MANUFACTURING PAINT."-A communication from abroad by Stephen
Rowe Bradley, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th August 1869.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING PAINT," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to avoid the expence of drying the
carbonate of lead after it has undergone the washing process and pre-
paratory to grinding it in oil to form a paint. An incidental advantage
[Price 8d.]

page_text: obtained is that the deleterious effects on the workmen due to the
moving of the pigment in the state of a dry powder are avoided. To
this end the pulpy mass of carbonate of lead and water is mixed directly
with oil, and the mixture is subjected to the action of beaters or stirrers,
by means of which a complete admixture of the oil and pigment is
effected and the water completely separated so that it can be drawn off.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th February 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special
licence, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said Alfred Vincent Newton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING PAINT," being a com-
munication to me from abroad, upon the condition (among others)
that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here.
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say) :-
It is well known that carbonate of lead when produced is carried
through a succession of washings in water, and that when that part of
the process is completed it is in admixture with water and in a thick
liquid state, termed in the trade "pulp," and that in that state it is
pumped up into large shallow vats and there exposed day and night to a
considerable heat to expel all the water by evaporation preparatory to
grinding it with oil. On transferring it after it has been dried from the
drying pans to the places where it is mixed with oil the finer particles
scatter in the air, exposing the operatives to its deleterious effects.
Now the object of this Invention is to avoid the expense of drying
the pulp preparatory to grinding in oil, and at the same time avoid the
deleterious effects due to the moving of the pigment in the state of a dry
powder. To attain these ends it is proposed to mix the pulpy mass of
carbonate of lead and water directly with oil, and to subject the mixture
to the action of beaters or stirrers, by means of which a complete
admixture of the oil and pigment will be effected, the water being at
the same time completely separated so that it can be drawn off.
The manner in which the improved process has been successfully
worked is as follows, viz-The "pulp," that is, the carbonate of lead
and water after the last washing, and while in the condition in which it is
usually transferred to the drying pans, is run into the apparatus shewn
in the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 being a vertical section, and Fig. 2
a cross section of the same.
This apparatus consists of a vessel A fitted with a suitable cover B
and furnished with beaters C, C, carried by a central vertical shaft D
To this pulp the required quantity of oil is added, and it is then sub-
jected to the action of the beaters (the shaft of which is driven by any
suitable motor), until it is found by inspection that the pigment and oil
have become thoroughly united and the water separated The rotation
of the beaters is then stopped and the whole permitted to rest until the
separated water appears of a blueish tint, at which time this water is
drawn off through a discharge pipe E at the side into any suitable vessel,
and if any of the mixed pigment and oil shall pass into the receiving
yessel it can be there collected by leaving it to settle and then drawing

page_text: off the water. If the water should be found to contain any material
portion of the pigment which has not been taken up by the oil it can
be subjected a second time with oil to the action of the beaters and
treated as before stated, or it can be subjected to the action of the beaters
with a fresh charge of pulp and oil. The pigment so mixed with
oil can be packed for use just as it comes from the treatment above
described, or it can be run through the mill.
Although the kind of apparatus is described in which the improved
process has been successfully worked, I do not wish to be understood
as confining myself to the use of such apparatus, as other suitable means
may be substituted for the working of the process, which is based on the
discovery that the pigment of the pulp can be separated from the water
by the operation of mixing it with the oil.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improve-
ment in the Process of Manufacturing Paint," and explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim, the process sub-
stantially as described of treating the "pulp" with oil to effect the
separation of the water by the act of combining the oil with the pigment,
as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Nineteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)