IMPROVE- MENTS IN PUMPS, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH
Year: 1875

page_text: .
LETTERS PATENT to Robert Armstrong, of Howden-le-Wear, in the
County of Durham, Mining Engineer, Henry Kellett, of Dar-
lington, in the said County, and William Sang Macfeggan, of
Darlington, aforesaid, Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PUMPS, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION
THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Armstrong,
Henry Kellett, and William Sang Macfeggan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd
November 1875.
We, ROBERT ARMSTRONG, of Howden-le-Wear, in the County of
Durham, Mining Engineer, HENRY KELLETT, of Darlington, in the said.
County, and WILLIAM SANG MACFEGGAN, of Darlington, aforesaid,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED IN CONNECTION
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improvements in the construction of pumps

page_text: and the machinery connected therewith, especially with reference to
pumps to be employed in pits, mines, and other similar positions,
whereby they can be placed in position and worked in a much more
simple and effectual manner, and with less amount of friction and con-
sequent wear and tear than the pumps hitherto employed.
In constructing pumps according to this Invention rams are placed in
the two pump cylinders, one in each cylinder, which cylinders are pro-
vided with "pet" cocks and connected together at their upper portion
by a cross pipe or other suitable means.
The space in the cylinders above the rams, together with the cross
pipe is filled with a mixture of grease and water or other suitable liquid.
In order to keep the cylinders supplied with the grease and water or
other liquid, and to allow for any leakage that may occur through the
glands through which the rods connected to the rams work, a tank filled
with the liquid may be placed above the connecting pipe and connected
therewith by means of a pipe and suitable cocks for regulating the
supply, or the liquid may be supplied to the cylinders by means of a
pump or other convenient appliance.
The rods of the rams are connected to wire ropes, which are attached
to drums, as herein-after mentioned, and the rams are worked alter-
nately, so that as the ram in one cylinder is raised by the drum and rope
it causes the grease and water or other liquid to act on the ram in the
other cylinder, causing it to move downwards, the one in ascending lifts
the water, whilst the other in descending forces it out of the mine or
other shaft.
1
The lower portions of the cylinders are fitted up in the usual manner
with suction and delivery pipes and the necessary valves.
$6
The apparatus for actuating the rams consists of two drums mounted
loosely upon a round shaft, and of the necessary size to receive the
requisite length of rope, and which are each provided with a spur wheel
and brake. A lever or quadrant connected by a rod or
spear" to the
engine, is placed between the two drums, and which lever has two
catches on each side to insert, when required, into the teeth of the spur
wheel in order to give the necessary motion to the drums for pumping.
Four catches are also placed on the lower side of the spur wheels, that
'is to say, one on cach side of each wheel, so that when it is desired to
bring the end of the rope "to bank," one of the upper catches is

page_text: removed and the lower one inserted; the upper catch, which is still in
the spur wheel, carries the drum round with the lever, and the lower
catch holds it stationary while the lever is moving back for the next
stroke.
When it is desired to send the pump or materials down the pit shaft,
all the catches, both lower and upper, are taken out and the brake
applied, one or both drums being put in motion as required. The ropes
are attached to the drums, one at the top of one drum, and the other
at the lower side of the other drum, so that as one rope goes inward the
other is coming outward.
It will be understood that the pump is double-acting, and that the
motion of the pumping apparatus is direct-acting and reciprocating, and
that no crab or other extraneous appliance is required for lowering the
pump or materials for the repair of the same into position, the arrange-
ment above described being sufficient for that purpose."
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Armstrong, Henry Kellett, and William
Sang Macfeggan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd May
1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
ARMSTRONG, of Howden-le-Wear, in the County of Durham, Mining
Engineer, HENRY KELLETT, of Darlington, in the said County, and
WILLIAM SANG MACFEGGAN, of Darlington aforesaid, Engineers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five,
in the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Robert Armstrong, Henry
Kellett, and William Sang Macfeggan, Her special licence that we,
the said Robert Armstrong, Henry Kellett, and William Sang Mac-
feggan, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Robert Armstrong, Henry Kellett, and William Sang
Macfeggan, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any

page_text: time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED
IN CONNECTION THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we; the said Robert Armstrong, Henry Kellett, and William Sang
Macfeggan, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Armstrong, Henry
Kellett, and William Sang Macfeggan, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is
to say:
-
Our said Invention consists in improvements in pumps and the
machinery connected therewith, especially with reference to pumps to
be employed in pits, mines, and other similar positions, whereby they can
be placed in position and worked in a more simple and effectual manner
and with a less amount of friction and consequent wear and tear than
the pumps hitherto employed.
In constructing pumps according to our Invention two cylinders
connected together at their upper ends by a cross pipe or other suitable
means are employed, and in each cylinder a ram or piston and rod works
in the ordinary manner.
.
The space in the cylinders above the rams or pistons, together with
the cross pipe, is filled with a mixture of grease and water or other
suitable liquid, and in order to allow for any leakage and to keep the
cylinders supplied with the liquid, a tank filled therewith may be placed
above the connecting pipe and connected therewith by a pipe fitted with
suitable cocks to regulate the supply, or the liquid may be supplied to
the cylinders by means of a pump or other convenient appliance,

page_text: DUO VIO I WIps, you.
The rods of the rams or pistons are connected to wire ropes, which
are attached to drums, as herein-after mentioned, or to any other
suitable motive power, and the rams are worked alternately, so that as
the ram or piston in one cylinder is raised, it causes the liquid contained
in the upper portion of the cylinder to act on the ram or piston in the
other cylinder, causing it to move downwards, carrying the rope
attached thereto with it. The ram in ascending lifts the water, whilst
the other in descending forces it out of the mine or other shaft.
The lower portions of the cylinders are fitted up in the usual manner
with suction and delivery pipes, and the necessary valves.
وو
The second part of this Invention consists in the construction of the
apparatus for actuating the rams from the "bank or top of the mine
shaft by means of the wire ropes herein-before mentioned, thus
obviating the necessity of having a steam engine or other motive power
in the mine itself, and which apparatus is also applicable for lowering
and raising the pump and materials for the repair of the same into and
from the mine:
<<
"
The apparatus consists of two drums mounted loosely upon a round
shaft, and of the necessary size to receive the requisite length of rope,
and which are each provided with å spur wheel and brake.. A lever or
quadrant connected by a rod or spear to the engine is placed
between the two drums, which lever has two catches on each side to
insert when required into the teeth of the spur wheels in order to give
the necessary motion to the drums for pumping. Four catches are also
placed in connection with the spur wheels below those on the lever or
quadrant, that is to say, one on each side of each wheel, so that when it
is desired to bring the end of the rope "to bank," one of the upper
catches is removed and the lower one inserted. The upper catch, which
is still in the spur wheel, carries the drum round with the lever, and the
lower catch holds it stationary while the lever is moving back for the
next stroke.
When it is desired to send the pump or materials down the pit shaft,
by means of the drums all the catches, both upper and lower, are taken
out and the brake applied, one or both drums being put in motion, as
required. The ropes are attached to the drums, one at the top of one.
drum and the other at the lower side of the other drum, so that
w

page_text: although both drums revolve in the same direction, one rope is wound
whilst the other unwinds.
It will be well understood by persons acquainted with mechanical
contrivances that although we prefer to actuate the pumps by the
apparatus herein-before described, the ropes attached to the piston rods
may, if desired, be actuated by any other convenient means without
departing from the principles of the first part of our Invention.
We will now proceed to refer to the accompanying Drawings, from
which the nature of our said Invention will be more clearly under-
stood.
In Sheet 1 Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a pump constructed
according to our Invention; Figure 2, a plan in section; Figure 3, a
. plan; and Figure 4, an end view of the same.
The same letters of reference indicate like parts in all the Figures.
: A, A, are the two cylinders, a, a, being the portions thereof above the
rams, and which together with the cross pipe B are filled with grease
and water or other suitable liquid; B, the pipe which connects the two
cylinders; C, C, are the rams or pistons with their rods D, D, and to
which latter the ropes for actuating them are attached at d, d; E is the
suction pipe; and F, the air vessel or chamber.
In Sheet 2 Figure 1 is a side view of one of the drums for actuating
the pumps; and Figure 2 is an end view of the apparatus shewing one
of the drums and its spur wheel in section. The same letters refer to
like parts in both Figures.
.
· A, A, are the drums; B, B, the spur wheels ; C, C, the brakes; D, the
lever with the catches d, d; E, E, being the lower catches.
It will be understood that the pump is double-acting, and that the
motion of the pumping apparatus is direct-acting and reciprocating,
and that no crab or other extraneous appliance is required for lowering
the pump or materials for the repair of the same into position, the
arrangement herein-before described as forming the second part of our
Invention being sufficient for that purpose.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said In-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we would
observe in conclusion, that what we consider novel and original, and