IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PATTERNS, AND FOR MOULDING THEREPROM
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Rothwell Jackson, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR MAKING PATTERNS, AND FOR MOULDING THEREPROM."
Sealed the 22nd June 1855, and dated the 3rd April 1855..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Rothwell Jackson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd April 1855.
I, PETER ROTHWELL JACKSON,' of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer; do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PATTERNS, AND FOR MOULDING" THEREFROM," to
be as follows: --
on
:
My Invention is chiefly applicable to a "imachine "invented me for
moulding cog and 'other wlieels, 'and consists, first, in forming a cutter, stand;
and slide for cutting wheel patterns." The cutter is made of several pieces of
steel, secured in a spindle, the object" of the several pieces being to make "the
said cutter ariswer for feeth of different shapes, as the parts being adjustable
can be fitted to the shape of the tooth required to be cut. The stand for
holding the cutter with its slide is so made that a portion of it can swivel
round a centre, oscillate through a semicircle, and traverse in various directions
and angles, by which means the cutter supported by the stand can be set to

page_text: cut at different angles, and thereby facilitate the cutting of bevel wheels and
other patterns.
Secondly, I propose to construct the machine for moulding with a bevel
slide, running parallel with a line drawn through the centre of the table or
face plate, the jib for carrying the pattern to reach over to the centre of the
table or face plate, and to be moved on the bed slide with a screw or rack and
wheels. The vertical slide at the end of this jib for carrying the pattern is to
be moved by a screw and bevel wheels, or rack and pinion with retaining pall.
By this arrangement racks can be made from a short pattern, and in moulding
bevel wheels the slide is prevented from rising when the sand is rammed under
the pattern. The centre of the face plate of the machine is provided with a
conical hole, into which fits a bush for 'a spindle to work round in; the object
of this spindle is to serve as a centre, from which dimensions may be taken,
and by attaching a plate or board to it for strickling or levelling the sand. As
it is also of great importance that every pattern should fit the slide or the
slides of several machines correctly, I make a plate which fixes to each pattern
with a vertical and horizontál midfeather or guide, fitting into grooves or
guides in the pattern, and also a vertical and horizontal guide on the opposite
side of the same plate, to fit into vertical and horizontal guides on the vertical
slide of the machine.
Another of my improvements consists in so constructing the core boxes, for
forming the spaces between the spokes or arms of a wheel, that the same core
box will do for wheels of different diameters, and for arms of different depths
and thicknesses; and also for a method of lifting the core with a cross or
arms, and an elastic or other belt; also in the employment of a true plate,
having a centre round which sand may be placed, to give the desired shape to
the top moulding box or cover; also for turning or trueing the under sides,
centres, and edges of the moulding boxes, that they may be more easily placed
in the centre and level in the machine.
Lastly, in moulding large wheels with this machine, I propose to remove the
jib from the bed plate, and cover the bed plate with sand, having previously
fixed a plate to carry the cutter stand and slide. I then place over the table
or face plate of the machine a beam, which can be adjusted to suit the wheel
to be moulded, carrying a vertical slide, to which the timber is fixed for the
pattern. The block for the pattern is then moved by the worm or change
wheels of the machine, and brought in contact with the cutter by which the
pattern is formed; after which the moulding is performed as before, with the
exception of the pattern being moved round instead of the moulding box.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Rothwell Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 2nd October 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
ROTHWELL JACKSON, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Peter Rothwell Jackson, Her special license that I, the said Peter Rothwell
Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Peter Rothwell Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PATTERNS, AND FOR MOULDING THEREPROM,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Rothwell Jackson,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Rothwell Jackson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following Specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, in the several Figures of which similar parts are marked with
similar letters of reference (that is to say) :-
My said Invention consists, firstly, of an improved cutter and cutter stand
and slides, the cutter formed of several cutter pieces or blades of steel combined
together, and fixed or mounted upon and projecting from an axle or spindle,
adjusted from time to time so as to make a compound cutter, having a cutting
edge or combination of cutting edges of the outline or shape necessary for
making a cut or cuts of the intended form in making wooden or other patterns,
such as used in preparing moulds for casting wheels and other articles of cast
iron, or other metal or material; and the stand and slide upon which my

page_text: 311
compound cutter or any other suitable cutter may be mounted are constructed
and employed in manner herein-after described.
17
Secondly, in a mode of constructing machines for producing moulds in
which toothed, wheels, racks, and other similar articles may be cast, such
moulds being produced in such a machine by means of a segmental or partial
pattern, and without an entire pattern of the ordinary description.
...
Thirdly, in a mode of constructing vertical spindles, together with bushes or
bearings, to be inserted in the centre of the table or face plate of a moulding
machine, for mounting thereon or attaching thereto an arm or arms to be
employed in measuring or taking distances or dimensions, or in strickling or
levelling the surface of sand, as herein-after described.
Fourthly, in improvements in the constructing core boxes, for making
cores to be used in moulding wheels or other articles with spokes or arms.
Fifthly, in improvements in machinery for lifting cores used in moulding
wheels or other articles.
And, lastly, in a mode of forming the top boxes or covers of moulds for
casting wheels and other articles, by moulding or forming such top boxes or
covers upon the surface of a true plane or table instead of a surface of sand,
as heretofore.
I have, in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the said Drawings, shewn how my
compound cutter may be constructed, similar parts in each of these Figures
being marked with similar letters of reference.
Figure 1 of the said Drawings represents one of my cutters suitable for
cutting the teeth of wooden patterns for casting wheels; Figure 2 is an edge
view, and Figure 3 a plan, partly in section, of the same. a is the arbor,
mandril, or axle upon which the compound cutter is fixed, and through which
is a slot for the steel blades, marked b, forming the cutter. These blades,
after being set or adjusted so as to cut the spaces between the teeth
to be made in the pattern, are securely held by the set screws c, which
are tapped into the arbor, and act against the safety piece d, as shewn in
Figure 3. If it should be requisite to cut a pattern the teeth of which
are only slightly different to that indicated in the Drawing, the set screws c
are turned back to loosen the blades of the cutter, which are then reset
by means of a template to the form required; and the cutting parts of
the blade are pushed out or drawn back, as may bé necessary, for causing the
cutting parts to assume such a form or outline as to fit the template. But
when necessary the number of the blades is to be reduced or increased, so as
to make the compound cutter smaller or larger, and of suitable size for cutting
spaces of the intended size and shape between the teeth. Cutters of this

page_text: description may also be used in making other parts of patterns. In setting
the cutting blades so as to form a compound cutter, care must be taken to set
the cutting ends of each of them projecting a little further from the arbor or
axle than the opposite end of the blade projects from the opposite side of the
axle, for inattention to this might prevent the action of the cutter. Figure 4
represents an elevation of my improved stand and slide for holding the cutter
to be used in making patterns; and Figure 5 is a plan of the same.
c, e, is a
circular table or face plate which is supposed to, form part of a moulding
machine, or machine for making patterns, such as will be described hereafter,
and which turns on the top of a vertical axle E. To this face plate is fixed
the slide bed f, on which fits the plate g. This plate is made to slide to and
fro on the bed f by means of the nut g¹, fixed to the plate g and the screw f',
supported in bearings in the bed f. To the plate 9 are cast or fixed bearings
for the shaft g2 and for the swivel frame ; this latter has a segment
attached to it, to which motion is given by a pinion on the shaft g. The
swivel frame has a sliding plate i, which can be moved along the slide in the
frame h by a screw and nut, shewn in Figure 4, stud in the centre of which
serves as a fulcrum for the turn plate j, supporting the cutter shaft a and
cutter b. By the aid of this improved cutter stand, by turning the turn platej,
the cutter can be made to swivel round, and by means of the swivel frame h,
the angle or position of the cutter stand may be varied, and by means of the
motions of the stand and slide combined, the compound cutter or any other
cutter fixed in like manner upon the axle a may be caused to traverse and
cut at various angles and in various directions and positions, for the purpose
of cutting or facilitating the cutting of bevil wheel and other patterns.
The cutter shewn in Figure 4 is shewn in the position immediately before
being used for making a cat in the piece of wood, intended to be converted
into a short or segmental pattern to be used in making a mould for casting a
bevil wheel.
.
Supposing that the apparatus which I have described shall be intended
to be used for the purpose of cutting the teeth of a segmental pattern of a
portion of a bevil wheel in the piece of wood k, shewn in Figure 4, which
must be securely fixed in the position shewn in the Figure, the slide bed
f is, by turning the plate e on its vertical axle E, brought into a proper-
position for causing the plate g', and with it the swivel frame h, and th
compound cutter, to be moved towards the piece of wood to be operated upon.
The cutter having been brought into the position shewn in Figure 4, and
immediately above or near to a portion of the piece of wood in which one of a
series of cuts is to be made for forming the teeth of the pattern, the axle a

page_text: of the cutter has rotary motion given to it in the direction indicated by an
arrow shewn in the Figure, so as to carry the compound cutter 6 round with
it at the rate of about one thousand revolutions in a minute. The screw of
the slide in the swivel frame h is then put in motion, so as gradually to bring
the rotary cutter into action upon the piece of wood k, cutting a furrow in the
wood to the depth shewn by the dotted line at k for the purpose of forming
the space between two teeth, and also one side of each of these teeth, and
this cutting is continued until the furrow or cutting has been made across the
whole of the piece of wood.
The spaces between the teeth of the pattern of a spur wheel, and the sides
of those teeth cut in this manner, are completed by cuttings such as I have
described; but in making patterns for bevil wheels, each cut, such as I have
just described, must be made wider and deeper at the part which is to form the
periphery of the wheel, in the manner known to all engineers, by hand or other
convenient means.
One cut having been made in manner just described, the screw of the slide
of the swivel frame h is to be reversed, so as to carry the compound cutter back
to its former position. The plate e is then to be turned on its vertical axle
E to an extent or through a space equal to the pitch of the intended wheel,
and being there secured, another cut is made in like manner as before;
and this is repeated until the whole of the intended cuts have been made in
the piece of wood to be operated upon.
As it is of importance that every pattern should be capable of being attached
in the right position to the vertical slides of several moulding machines, I
construct them all with guides of the same description and size, for the purpose
of facilitating that object. Such guides consist of two slots made at right
angles or nearly at right angles with each other, and which may join so as to
be of a T shape, on the inner or back side of each pattern, and into which
guide slots fillets upon the vertical slide, of a moulding machine or upon a
plate attached thereto fit, and so ascertain the position of the pattern.
In attaching a pattern to the vertical slide of a moulding machine, I prefer
to do so by means of a plate furnished with guide fillets fitting into the guide
slots at the back or inner side of each pattern; and in that case I place guide
Alkets upon each side of the plate, those on one side fitting into the guide slots
at the back of the pattern, and those on the other side fitting into guide slots
-made on the vertical slide, for the purpose of receiving them. Guides of this
description are shewn in Figures 4 and 6, and the latter Figure is a side
view of a plate such as I have just mentioned.
The guide fillets n, n, are shewn in Figure 6, and they fit into the guide

page_text: slots, as shewn at ', in Figure 4. L, Figure 4, is an angular guide plate,
shewn with guide fillets and on the two faces thereof. Bolts and screws
or some similar efficient means must of course be used for securing the
patterns and guide plates to the vertical slide when placed in their proper
positions.
My said mode of constructing machines for producing moulds in which
wheels, racks, and similar articles may be cast consists in constructing the
same with a bed slide placed outside the table, and running parallel to a line
drawn across the centre of the table or face plate upon which the moulds are
produced. In Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 I have shewn how this part of my
Invention may be carried into effect.
Figure 7 represents an elevation, partly in section, of a machine constructed
according to this part of my Invention; Figure 8 is a plan of the same; and
Figures 9 and 10 are views of detached parts of the machine. Similar parts of
these Figures are marked with similar letters of reference. In the machine
shown in these Figures, A is the bed slide, which is placed parallel to a line
drawn across the centre of the table or face plate B, shewn in Figures 7 and 8,
(corresponding to the one marked e in Figures 4 and 5,) by which the moulding
box C is supported. To the face plate B is cast or otherwise attached the
spindle B', supported in a suitable bearing and footstep. The worm wheel B²
is fixed to the spindle B', and the requisite power for turning the wheel B³
with the face plate B and moulding box C is communicated by the attendant
by means of the handle B³, and the shafts, change wheels, and worm connected
therewith, which are clearly shewn in the Drawing, and which form no part of
my present Invention. The jib D is supported by the bed slide A, along which
it is mado to traverse by the rack A' fixed to the bed slide, and by the pinion
D' fixed on a vertical shaft D, the teeth of which pinion take into the teeth of
the rack, and to which pinion motion is communicated when required by the
cross handle D³, shaft D', and bevil wheels D. The vertical slide E moves
up and down between suitable grooves in the jib D, the motion being given by
the handle E', fixed on the same shaft as the pinion, which gears in a rack fixed
to the slide E. Behind the handle E' is a ratchet wheel E, which is provided
with a retaining pall to hold the slide in the required position. I wish to remark
here that a screw may be used instead of the rack and pinion above described
for working the slide E up and down; but the arrangement shewn I deem to
be most convenient when the slide is counterbalanced, as by the weight E³,
shewn in dotted lines in Figure 7. I prefer to make the weight E' sufficiently
heavy to assist in drawing the segmental pattern out of the sand after each
time it has been used in constructing a portion of a mould on the table B,

page_text: and also to hold the slide against the retaining pall. The portion of a pattern
which is required. for moulding a wheel is shewn at F, and to it are fixed side
plates to hold the sand, as shewn in Figure 8. The upper and under sides of
the moulding box C are turned or otherwise made true, so as to cause the
bottom to fit accurately to the face plate B, the surface of which is made a
perfect or nearly perfect plane, and the sides or top and bottom edges of the
box are made parallel, so as more readily to obtain a level surface upon the
upper part of the sand of which a mould is formed. The centre of the moulding
box and the centre of the table are each bored, so as to form an orifice to
receive a guide bolt or plug, which is introduced temporalily to ensure the
placing of the moulding box upon the centre of the table.
S
Figures 7 and 8 of the Drawings represent the teeth of the intended wheel
as having been moulded about half the circumference, and the segmental
pattern F in the sand. And in proceeding with the formation of the mould, as
soon as the moulder has rammed the sand into the spaces between the- teeth
of the pattern, the handle E' is moved round in the proper direction for raising
the pattern F out of the sand; the attendant then turns the handle B³, thereby
giving the requisite amount of motion to the face plate B. The pattern is
then lowered into the moulding box, and sand again rammed in between the
teeth as before. These operations are repeated in the same manner until the
circumference of the mould for the wheel is complete. The nave and spokes
of the wheel, if required, are then moulded in the usual manner, or according
to the improved mode of making cores, hercin-after described, and the top
box put on to complete the mould.
access
.
I construct a moulding machine with a jib for holding segmental patterns
in the manner which I have described, for the purpose of obtaining more easy
that part of the table where the operation of moulding or forming
cach part of the mould is to be performed, and also for the purpose of causing
the position of the jib and of the segmental pattern, as well as their motions,
to be more easily adjusted and regulated, and the pattern to be more easily
removed and replaced. And by constructing the machine in this manner, I
am enabled, by attaching a short pattern rack, such as shewn at F', in Figures
9 and 10, to the foot of tlie vertical slide E, in lieu of a segmental pattern,
such as above mentioned, to form moulds for casting racks, the pattern rack
being, however, placed upon the slide E in a position parallel to the bed slide A.
When the machine is used for moulding racks, the moulding box must be fixed
r placed upon the table or plate B, which is to remain stationary during the
formation of a rack mould.
or
1341...
When a portion of a rack mould has been formed by ramming or pressing

page_text: sand against the short pattern rack, the pattern is to be lifted out of the sand
by raising the slide E in like manner, as herein-before described. Motion
is then to be given to the jib D, so as to carry it along the bed slide A
through a space equal to the length of the pattern rack, thus moving the
pattern rack in the same direction and to the same extent, when the slide E
must again descend and bring the pattern rack down into the moulding box,
and a further portion of the rack mould is then to be made against the pattern,
as before, and the operation is to be repeated until a mould of the intended
dimensions has been produced. A machine used in this manner may have
motion given to the jib along the bed slide A by means of the rack A' and
apparatus connected therewith, as shewn in the Drawings; or, if thought
better, a screw and change wheels, or other apparatus for effecting that object,
may be substituted.
My said mode of constructing vertical spindles, together with bushes or
bearings, to be inserted in the centre of a moulding frame table, as herein-
before mentioned, consists in furnishing such spindles with bushes or bearings
which will fit, and which can be inserted into a conical hole made for the
purpose in the centre of the table. The table being used for forming sand
moulds for casting the interior of an orifice in the centre of the table, can with
great difficulty be kept free from sand and grit, which materially injures the
spindle, and also affects the true position and working of it.
To prevent
this evil, I construct a vertical spindle and furnish it with a bush or bear-
ing, in the manner shewn in Figure 11 of the said Drawings, in which
Figure the spindle and its bush are shewn as being inserted in the centre
of a moulding machine table, and having an arm mounted on the top of
it to measure distances from the centre of the table. Measuring distances
in this way may be employed for the purpose of ascertaining the position in
which a segmental pattern is to be placed when used in forming a mould, or
for any other purpose connected with the working of the machine.
The use of a vertical spindle furnished with such a measuring arm or
graduated bar is shown in Figures 11 and 12 of the said Drawings. On
referring to these Figures it will be seen that there is a conical hole in
the centre of the table or face plate B, and a second conical hole in the
internal flange B³, placed at any convenient distance below the plate B. The
tubular bush or bearing H has shoulders fitting the above-mentioned conical
holes, and within the tube II is the spindle H', to the upper end of which is
fixed a socket H. The measuring arm or graduated bar I fits into the
socket H², and is held therein by the set screws I¹. The arm is furnished
with a pointer I, connected to an upright I³, projecting from a socket which

page_text: is capable of being adjusted on the bar I, as shewn in Figure 11. And in each
of the Figures 11 and 12 a segmental pattern of a spur wheel is shewn, and
the distance of the pattern F from the centre of the bed plate B, and the
radius of the wheel to be moulded therefrom, can by this apparatus be deter-
mined with accuracy. The object of the conical holes in the bed plate, and
the conical projections on the tube E is to ensure the spindle H¹ being
always in the centre of the table, although from frequent use the tube H, or
the holes in which it fits, may have become worn. This improved spindle is
also capable of being lubricated with facility, and its working parts kept free
from sand.
Figure 13 shews how this vertical spindle may be employed for strickling
the sand within a mould. That Figure represents a sectional elevation of a
table or face plate B and tubular bearing II, into which is inserted the
spindle H¹. The moulding box L is placed upon the table; its upper surface
being turned, or otherwise made true, serves as a support for the plate L',
which is attached to the strickle L. This strickle is bolted to the centre
piece L³ (shewn in Figure 14), which is attached by set screws to the spindle
H; consequently, when the bed plate B or spindle and strickle is made to
revolve, the sand in the moulding box L is distributed evenly by the strickle.
In Figure 11 and also in Figure 18 the vertical spindle and its bush or
bearing are shewn attached together, so that they may be introduced together
into the orifice in the centre of the table. They may, however, be kept
detached and introduced separately.
My said improvements in the constructing of core boxes are shewn in
Figures 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the said Drawing. Figure 15 is a plan of a
core box, shewing one mode of constructing my improvements; and Figure 16
is an elevation of the same. J, J, the side plates of the core box, to which
are cast or fixed the trunnions J¹ and J, and the uprights J³, the object of
which will be explained hereafter. M is the bottom plate of the core box,
which is connected to the side plates J by bolts passing through slots in the
said side plates; by raising the bottom plate the depth of the core can be
regulated, according to the depth of the wheel for which the cores are intended.
M³ is a segment, formed of several small pieces of wood or other material,
which abut against the side plates J, and are held firm by set screws passing
through the uprights J³, acting against packings J. The segment M¹ forms
the limit of the outer circumference (or portion of a circumference) of the
core, and the inner portion thereof is determined by the segment M³, which
is also formed of small pieces of wood or other material. By increasing or
diminishing the number of pieces forming the segments M¹ and M³, the size

page_text: of the core may be regulated as required. The Drawing represents a core
box for making cores for a wheel having six arms, but by varying the angle of
the side plates it is evident that similar core boxes may be made for wheels
or other articles having eight or other number of arms.
Figure 17 represents a plan of another mode of constructing my improved
core boxes, and Figure 18 a side view of the same. In these views the side
plate N and bottom plate N¹ are cast or otherwise fixed together. N³ is the
second side plate, which may be moved laterally and vertically with respect to
the other part of the core box; N³ is a segment of sheet metal, bolted to the
end of the side plate N³, and furnished with a flange that is bolted to the side
plate N. This segment forms the limit of the outer circumference of the
core, and the inner portion thereof may be determined by a segment of small
pieces of wood or other material, such as that shewn in Figure 15, or in any
other convenient manner. By varying the angle of the side plates N and N,
it is evident that this improved core box may be used for wheels or other
articles having six or any other number of arms.
My improvements in machinery for lifting cores used in moulding wheels
or other articles are shewn in Figures 19, 20, 21, and 22 of the said Drawings.
In Figures 19 and 20, P is the core to be lifted; P¹ are four clips suspended
by the hooks P; two of these clips and hooks are supported by the plates P*,
in which the hooks may swivel to adjust themselves to the core to be lifted.
These plates bear on the double bar P, and the other two are in like manner
supported by the double bar P, as shewn on an enlarged scale in Figures
21 and 22. Qis another double bar, furnished with a hook Q', by which
the core and the pieces above described are suspended to the foundry crane.
The clips P' are held against the core by the elastic or other bands R, and
the distance between each pair of hooks P2 is regulated by the notches formed
at the under side of the plates P³, and at the upper side of the double bars
P+ and P. When the core to be lifted is of large dimensions, it may be
necessary to use more than two pairs of clips, and in some cases a single pair
is sufficient.
My said improvements in forming the top boxes or covers of moulds
are shewn in Figures 23 and 24 of the said Drawings. Figure 23 is an
elevation, and Figure 24 a plan, of a table or plate marked X, which I
prefer to make of cast iron. The upper surface of this plate is made
a true plane, or as nearly so as conveniently may be, and in its centre is
fixed the spindle H', similar to the one marked H' in Figures 13 and 14.
S is the moulding box, fixed to the true plate X. The spindle H
may be
furnished with a strickle for strickling the sand to any required shape. When

page_text: the plate is used for making the top moulding box of a spur wheel, it is
generally sufficient to ram the sand into the box S; it may, however, in some
cases be requisite in moulding spur wheels to strickle sand to the required
shape on the table or plate before the sand is rammed into the said box.
When the table or plate is used for making the top moulding box of a bevel
wheel, of which the back rises or projects above the rim of the wheel, a
sufficient quantity of sand or loam having been put on, the plate X is then
strickled to the required shape, as shown by the dotted line in Figure 23, and
the moulding box is then put, on to be rammed up in the ordinary manner.
It will be apparent that when the top moulding box has been rammed
up on a true table or plate, and the bottom box moulded in the manner
above described, the two will fit together with accuracy, so as to form a
correct mould.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that, except as herein-after
expressly mentioned, I do not claim any of the elements of the apparatus
which I have described as forming any part of my Invention, separately or
apart from the combinations and application thereof for the purposes above
described; and that what I do claim is,-
First, the mode of constructing compound cutters in manner herein-before
described.
Secondly, the combination of a cutter stand and slides for the purpose of
working rotary cutters, as herein-before described.
Thirdly, the mode or modes of attaching a pattern to the slide of a
moulding machine in the right position by means of guides, as herein-before
described.
Fourthly, the mode of constructing a moulding machine with a bed slide
placed outside the table thereof, and with a jib travelling upon such slide, in
manner and for the purposes herein-before described.
Fifthly, constructing the vertical slides of moulding machines with a rack
and pinion and ratchet wheel with retaining pall, or with a screw and bevel
wheels, as herein-before described.
Sixthly, the mode of constructing a vertical spindle of a wheel-moulding
machine with a bush or bearing for the same, in manner and for the purposes
herein-before described.
Seventhly, the mode of constructing core boxes in manner herein-before
described.
Eighthly, the combination of machinery for lifting cores, herein-before
described.

page_text: And, lastly, the mode of forming the top boxes or covers of moulds, herein-
before described.
In witness whereof; I, the said Peter Rothwell Jackson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
P. R. JACKSON. (L.S.)