Improvements in and relating to Wire Fabrics.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 13th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1894
LICOY IDIONAL
DI BUITIVATION.
Improvements in and relating to Wire Fabrics.
I, MARSHALL BURNS LLOYD, of 315 3rd Avenue South, in the City of
Minneapolis, County of Hennepin, State of Minnesota, United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in wire fabrics.
One of the objects of my said invention is to construct a wire mat or other wire
fabric having letters, characters, or ornamental patterns incorporated therewith in
a novel and effective fashion.
Another object of my said invention is to improve the construction of wire mats,
by employing novel constructions and modes of connection of the various parts.
A further object of my said invention is to construct an improved wire fabric for
use in panels, lift gates, fencing, and the like.
According to my invention I construct lettered or decorated wire mats by
forcing marbles into the interstices thereof, so that they are retained between the
upper and lower surfaces of the mat and are conspicuous objects therein. As an
alternative I can form the said letters or decorations by forcing strips or pieces of
metal or of any other suitable material, into the said interstices, or by interlacing
the said strips or pieces with the fabric in any suitable manner.
The objects forming the letters or other design may be inserted while the mat is
being woven.
Such an article would form a very effective sign, for trade purposes.
The improved mat is formed with a body portion consisting of interlaced helices,
which lie substantially at right angles to each other when in place in the mat.
The
ends of the helices are bent over each other, and a rim, formed of a number of
helices dying close together and not entwined with the helices of the body, is con-
nected thereto by a single straight wire which runs through the turns of the body
and border. The border may be continuous all round the mats being bent around
the corners, or the border may be interrupted at the corners, in which case said
corners are formed separately of metal-pieces, which have their ends pushed into
helices of the borders and are so held in position.
In cases where heavy borders are desired we arrange that the helices of the
borders shall be coiled in a contrary direction to those of the body.
To form an improved wire fabric such as would be useful for panels, lift gates,
fencing, and the like, I take such an improved fabric as is herein specified, and
flatten or crush it by rollers, hydraulic presses or other suitable means.
Dated this 16th day of August 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Wire Fabrics.
I, MARSHALL BURNS LLOYD of No. 315 Third Avenue S., Minneapolis,
Hennepin County, State of Minnesota, United States of America, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention consists in a non-interlocking border for the fabric; in particular
means for forming and fastening the corners of the mat; and further, in means for
forming letters, words or names in the wire fabric.
My invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, forming part of this Specification, in which;
Fig. 1 represents the simplest form of my fabric.
Fig. 2 is an end view of such a fabric showing the manner of finishing the ends
of the coils.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the strongest and most complete form of my fabric.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of a mat composed of such fabric and shows the
manner of flattening the edge coils of the mat to prevent their uncoiling or becoming
loose.
Fig. 5 illustrates a complete mat with the marble letters therein.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail plan section showing the construction of the fabric
and the manner of securing the marbles therein.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line - of Fig. 6.
•
As shown in the drawings, 2 represents the primary coils, which may be all of
the same pitch and coiled or interlocked with one another respectively. .
I prefer to employ one or more coils 3, woven through at right angles to the
axes of the primary coils forming what may be termed a coiled lacing, the loops 10
of which pass back of each intersection of the several primary coils and also
between the wires at such intersections, thus locking the coils against either lateral,
longitudinal or vertical movement with respect to one another. As shown at the
edges of the mat in Fig. 1, the ends of the parallel coils are held firmly in place by
two of the coils 3 which are interlocked with respect to one another as well as with
the parallel coils 2. The ends of the coils 2 may be clipped off close to the outer
side of the transverse edge coil 3, as shown at the lower edge of Fig. 1, or, if a
more stable and firm edge is desired, these ends may be left somewhat longer and
curled back about the transverse coil 3, (see 4, 4 at the upper end of Fig. 1). All
of the transverse coils being of the same length these ends may be secured by
similar loops 5 upon the outer primary coils.
The form of fabric shown in Fig. 1 is the cheapest which we desire to
manufacture. In place thereof we may substitute the more expensive and heavier
fabric shown in Fig. 3, all of the spaces between the extreme ends of the coils 2
being filled by transverse coils 3. In place of curling the ends of the several
wires composing the coils 2 and 3 about one another to prevent the same from
uncoiling in their places, and sometimes in addition to such construction we flatten
the edge coils of the piece of the fabric so as to give a tapered cross-section and
elongating the edge coils to such an extent as to effectually prevent their loosening
or uncoiling. As a border for either form of mat we provide one or more coils 7,
merely pressed into the notches in the edges of the mat and held in place by
small rods 8 passed through inside of the edge coils and outside of the inner loops
of the border coils. This border not being interlocked with the other parts of
the fabric but simply pressed into place in the notched edges of the same may be
easily attached by machinery and as readily removed by hand if it is afterwards
desired to cut up the piece of fabric.

page_text: The border is preferably coiled in the opposite direction to the adjacent and
parallel side coil of the fabric, and the result is that a large number of coils may
be put into the border, the entire width of the spaces or notches in the edge of the
fabric being filled by the border coils thus firmly compressed and held together.
So much of the border is in this way made complete and filled as to effectually
prevent anything from catching upon the sharp ragged ends of the fabric, which,
as shown, are all encased within the border.
Four borders or sets of border coils are preferably employed, and the corners of
the mat are completed by the half round channel pieces 10, which cover up the
clipped ends of the fabric corners, and have their own ends covered by the closed
coils of the adjoining parts of the border. One of the corner pieces, as shown in
Fig. 3, is preferably provided with the hole 11 to permit the insertion of the
border retaining wire 8. It will be noticed that within the complete fabric, the
several sets of the four coils make substantially rectangular or cubical cages and in
these I press marbles or independent pieces of wood or other material, which being
arranged in consecutive openings or cages may be made to form letters and words.
The spring of the wire permits the marbles to be pushed into place and also closes
about the same to prevent their becoming loose and falling out, but any suitable
pieces may be arranged for this purpose formed of any suitable material."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary
and transverse coils, with a border coil having a lateral engagement only with thẻ
edges of the fabric, and pressed into and independently secured in the notches of
the fabric formed by said primary and transverse coils.
2. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary
and transverse coils, all coiled at the same pitch, with one or more border coils of
the same pitch, said border coil or coils being pressed into the edge notches of the
fabric formed of said primary and transverse coils, and a wire or rod extending
within said edge but outside of the inner loops of said border to lock said border in
place.
3. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary
coils, with two or more transverse coils arranged at right angles to the axes of said
primary coils and interlocked with the intersections thereof, and a non-interlocking
border coil secured upon the edge of the fabric by a wire or rod engaging both the
loops of said fabric and of said border coil.
4. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary
coils, with a series of transverse coils arranged at right angles to the axes of the
primary coils and interlocked with the intersections thereof and with one another,
the edges of the fabric thus formed being flattened to prevent the turning of said
coils, a non-interlocking border coil of the same pitch as said primary and transverse
coils, said border coil being pressed into the notches in the edge of the fabric, and a
wire or rod interlocked within the edge of the fabric and within the border coil to
secure the latter.
5. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary
and transverse coils, with a border coil or coils arranged in the edges of the fabric,
and means for securing the border coil.
6. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary
and transverse coils, with a border for said fabric, composed of coils, but coiled in
an opposite direction to the edge coils of the fabric, and means for retaining the
same in said notches.
7. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary
and transverse coils, with a border for said fabric composed of independent coils
arranged upon respective edges of the fabric, said coils being pressed into the
notches of the fabric, means for retaining the same therein, and the metallic

page_text: corner pieces 10 having their ends extending into the ends of the adjacent border
coils.
8. The combination, with the wire fabric, of the border coils upon adjacent edges
thereof, and the grooved corner piece 10.
9. The combination, in a wire mat, of primary and transverse interlocking coils,
with border coils, and the corners for the mat composed of the grooved angle
pieces 10, and one or more of said corner pieces being provided with the hole 11 to
permit the insertion of the border locking wire.
.
10. The combination, in a wire fabric, of primary and transverse coils, with
small blocks or spheres pressed into and retained in the meshes thereof to form
figures or letters.
11. The combination, with woven wire fabric, composed of a series of inter-
locking primary coils, and transverse coils extending at right angles to the axes of
the primary coils and interlocked therewith at the intersections thereof and thereby
with one another, with small blocks or marbles pressed into and retained in the
meshes of said fabric.
12. The combination, in a wire fabric, of a substance or substances embedded in
the meshes thereof to form figures or characters.
13. The combination, in a wire fabric, with the coils thereof, of small blocks or
spheres arranged in the meshes thereof to form figures or characters.
14. The combination, in a wire fabric, of primary and transverse coils, with
small blocks or spheres arranged in the meshes thereof to form figures or
characters.
15. The combination, with a series of interlocking primary coils, of one or more
transverse coils arranged at right angles to the axes of the primary coils and inter-
locked therewith at the intersections thereof, said coils being flattened to prevent
the loosening of the same, and small blocks or spheres arranged in the meshes
thereof to form figures or characters.
Dated this 4th day of December 1893.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.