AN IMPROVED METHOD OR METHODS OF UNITING CERTAIN METALS AND ALLOYS OF METAL
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HARRY
JOSEPH PERLBACH, of the City of Hamburgh, Founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Ier
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-third day of
July, One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven, in the eleventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Harry Joseph Perlbach, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Harry Joseph Perlbach,
my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Harry Joseph
Perlbach, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in the Islands of Jersey,
Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OR METHODS OF
UNITING CERTAIN METALS AND ALLOYS OF METAL;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Harry Joseph Perlbach, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing, under
my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Harry Joseph Perlbach, hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, are fully described in and
by the present Specification thereof, that is to say:-
The nature or object of my said Invention consists in an improved method
or methods of securely uniting certain metals and alloys of metal of different
properties and values together, as, for example, wrought iron with cast iron,
or copper with cast iron, or gun metal with cast iron, whereby compound pieces
of metal suitable for beams, girders, ribs, gudgeons, railway chairs, wheels,
axles, and other parts of machinery and mechanical structures, may be pro-
duced, possessing all the aggregate weight and cohesiveness required, but much
harder and stronger in some parts (such, for example, as those exposed to
friction or to direct strain,) than in other parts. And the following is the
manner in which the said Invention is carried into effect:-
To unite wrought iron with cast iron, as, for example, to make a rectangular
beam which shall consist of one quarter of its thickness of wrought iron and
three quarters of cast iron, or of these two metals in any other given propor-
tions, I proceed as follows:-I take a piece of wrought iron of the quarter (or
other required) thickness aforesaid, and immerse it in a cleansing bath of nitric
(or any other suitable) acid diluted with water; I next remove it from the bath
and make it red hot, whereupon I plunge it once more into the cleansing bath.
By these processes, it is freed from any oxide which may have formed upon it.
Then, in order to get rid of the acid which may be adhering to it, I wash it
with an alkaline solution (salammoniac, for example, diluted in water), imme-
diately after which I immerse it in a bath of melted tin, and leave it there till it
is well tinned all over; I next coat or cover the tinned wrought iron on that
side where it is to be united to the cast iron with an alloy or solder composed
of copper and tin in the proportion of about five parts of copper to ninety-five
parts of tin.
The wrought iron thus prepared is then dropped into the bottom
of a mould, of a size and form corresponding with that of the compound beam
desired to be produced, and made fast by well tinned pins and nails. Iron in
a hot and fluid state is next poured upon the wrought iron till the mould is
filled, when a fusion takes place between the surfaces of the wrought iron and
cast iron through the action of the interposed alloy or solder of copper and tin,
and the two principal substances become so firmly united together as not to be
easily detachable, if at all. To unite steel with cast iron, I adopt the same
method in all respects as has been just directed to be followed in regard to
wrought iron and cast iron. To unite copper with cast iron, or gun metal and
cast iron, or brass and cast iron, or any other of the alloys of copper with cast

page_text: iron, I also make use of similar means to the preceding, only instead of free-
ing the surfaces of the metal to which the cast iron is to be added by acid and
alkaline solutions and heating as aforesaid, I effect this by filing merely, and
add the iron at a lower degree of heat, so that it may not melt the body of the
copper, gun metal, brass, or other alloy. The proportions before directed to be
observed in the composition of the alloy or solder are such as will be suitable
to be observed when the compound piece of metal is of a medium size; but
when it is above that size, and according to the ratio in which it exceeds it,
the quantity of copper used in the alloy should be encreased. In the exempli-
fications before given, the different metals have been supposed to be united
laterally or side to side, but one metal may have another united to it on both
sides, or be enclosed by it on all sides, and the pieces may be also of any cur-
vilineal, angular, or other form, the mode of casting being varied to suit the
circumstances of each case according to the practices in common use among
founders.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as of my
Invention is the uniting of the different metals and alloys of metal before
particularized by means of the method or methods and of the interposed alloy.
or solder before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Harry Joseph Perlbach, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.
(L.B.) ERLDACH.
Taken and acknowledged by Harry Joseph
Perlbach (party hereto), at Hamburgh, in
Germany, this 15th day of January 1848,
before me,
CHS. WESSELHOEFT.
Her Britannic Majesty's Vice-Consul at Hamburgh.
Enrolled the Twenty-second day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.