Improvements in and connected with the Detachable and Adjustable Magazines of Linotype and Analogous Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: DIONAL DIVIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Detachable and Adjustable
Magazines of Linotype and Analogous Machines.
We, THE LINOTYPE COMPANY, LIMITED, of No. 188, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Sole Proprietors of, and Sole Manufacturers, Vendors, and Licensors
under, the "Linotype" Patents, and RICHARD CORNELIUS ELLIOTT, of Highfield
Cottage, No. 8, Wellington Road, Hounslow Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Compositor, do hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to improvements in and connected with the
detachable and adjustable magazines of linotype and analogous machines, and is
especially applicable to the Mergenthaler Linotype machine described in the
Specification of Letters Patent 145821890 as improved in respect of its magazine
equipment by the invention described in the Specification of Letters Patent
239401893
According to the last mentioned improvement the magazine proper is detach-
able or multiple or both, by being moved in a direction at right angles with the
normal path of the matrices through it. The particular manner in which that
improvement is to be carried into effect, involves the use with each magazine of
a matrix stop which has its position across the mouths of all the matrix grooves
in the magazine and close to the lips thereof.
The trigger devices of the selecting mechanism are situated sufficiently far
in front of the magazine mouths for them to engage and hold two matrices one
behind the other, both of which matrices have already been discharged from the
respective groove on their way to the assembling block. Consequently, each time
one magazine is substituted for another the substituted one leaves two matrices
from each of the magazine grooves in the grip of the trigger unless the operator
has taken the trouble to compose them into the assembling block and to distribute
them back into the top of the magazine. Further, there must be two matrices
drawn from each groove of the substituted magazine before the machine is ready
for composing from the substituted fount.
The object of the present invention is to prevent the loss of time due to the above
described duplicate series of matrices. In carrying it into effect, there is a set of
triggers supplied with each magazine. Each trigger is pivotted as near as
practicable within the space occupied by the bottom of its own magazine and the
one underneath. The pivot of a trigger is about the length of a matrix from the
mouth of the respective matrix groove. Each trigger is provided with a push
rod or a pull, whichever may be more convenient, adapted to be operated against
the action of a suitable returning spring by the escapement rods of the matrix
selecting and disjoining mechanism. The engagement between the rod and its
trigger is by means of a pair of inclines on the under side of the trigger with which

page_text: the end of the rod engages in turn. The inclines are, of course, in opposite direc-
tions. They may be on the rod itself instead of on the trigger and in either case,
a returning spring may be substituted for one of them. The communication
between the adjacent terminal part of the escapement rod and the push or pull
rod above mentioned is necessarily of an easy self-engaging and disengaging type.
For that reason, we prefer a push rod having a shallow conical indentation in its
nose which indentation is held over a correspondingly tapered nose of the above
mentioned terminal part by the returning spring of the push rod. To provide for
the motion of the said noses being in the right direction, they are all carried in
guides aligned with the push rods. They are linked to the escapement rods by
suitable toggle joints. The meeting points of the above mentioned portions and
push rods is in the plane of severance between the mouths of the magazine proper
and the fixed adjacent portion of the selecting and discharging mechanism.
The adjustable multiple magazine is raised or lowered by nuts incapable of
motion other than about their axes, and engaging with screw threaded rods depend-
ing symmetrically from a base or a table upon which the multiple magazine stands.
Each nut is the boss of a friction wheel with which are combined other two
wheels of the same kind. One of these two is constantly driven from the machine
itself, and both are mounted in such a way that either the first motion one of the
two engages with the respective nutted wheel or engages with the second wheel
and at the same time makes it engage with the said nutted wheel, so providing
for the rotation of the latter in either of the two directions necessary for the
raising or lowering of the multiple magazine.
Improvements in and connected with the Detachable and Adjustable
Magazines of Linotype and Analogous Machines.
We, THE LINOTYPE COMPANY, LIMITED, of No. 188, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Sole Proprietors of, and Sole Manufacturers, Vendors, and Licensors
under, the "Linotype" Patents, and RICHARD CORNELIUS ELLIOTT, formerly of
Highfield Cottage, No. 8, Wellington Road, Hounslow, in the County of Middlesex,
but now of No. 8, Hulme Street, Oxford Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancashire, Compositor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement; -
-
The first part of the present invention relates to the escapement mechanisms
of linotype and analogous machines, but more especially to the escapement
mechanisms of such magazines as are detachable; while the second part of it
relates to an arrangement of magazines adjustable for the substitution of one of
them for another.
This invention is especially applicable to the well known Mergenthaler linotype
machine, that being the one for which it has been developed. For that reason
principally and also because it is the only linotype machine at present in use in
this country, the form which it takes when made up for use on that machine,
has been selected for detailed illustration and specification.
The machine last mentioned is described in detail in the Specification of Letters

page_text: Patent 14582 of 1890. The charged magazine of that machine was detachable
as a whole from the machine frame. The Specification of Letters Patent 23940
of 1893 describes an improvement by which the top and bottom of such a detachable
magazine (those being the horizontal margins thereof along the top and bottom
of it, respectively), were separate from the rest of it, (called therein for the sake of
distinction the magazine proper) and made fast to the machine frame. The object
of such separation was to prevent wear and tear of sundry comparatively delicate
mechanisms previously shared between the machine frame and the magazine.
The same specification describes an adjustable arrangement of magazines, being
a series of several magazines proper superimposed one above the other, each adapted
to serve the same top and bottom; and hand mechanism for adjusting the position
of them all so as to make any one of them register with such top and bottom.
The trigger devices or escapements of the selecting mechanism of the last
mentioned specification are carried by the machine frame. They are situated
sufficiently far in front of the mouths of the magazines proper, for each to engage
and hold two matrices, one behind the other, both of which matrices have been
already discharged from the respective groove in the magazine proper on their
way to the assembling block. Those remaining in any magazine proper are pre-
vented from dropping through the mouths thereof, by a special stop such as a rod
standing in front of that mouth. Consequently, each time that one magazine
proper is to be substituted for the one then registering with the top and bottom,
there are two matrices from each of its grooves standing in the said bottom under
the control of the escapements. All of those matrices must be withdrawn from
the bottom and sent through the machine through the distributor so as to be
returned to the respective magazine proper, before the substitution can be effected.
Further, he must withdraw two matrices from each groove in the substituted
magazine, before he can begin composition from the substituted fount. .
The substitution of one magazine proper for another of a series, is described
as effected by a manually operated shaft carrying a pair of worms gearing with
as many worm wheels which have incorporated with them internally screw
threaded nuts engaging with a pair of screws depending symmetrically from the
frame, which supports the said adjustable arrangement of magazines.
The object of the first part of the invention is the prevention of the loss of
time due to the above mentioned withdrawals; and of the second, mechanism
operated by the machine for effecting the substitution of one magazine for
another.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part of this
specification and read therewith:
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of an adjustable arrangement of magazines
illustrating both parts of the invention:
Figure 2, a detail section through a pair of matrix grooves of a detachable
magazine, illustrating the first part of the invention. It is taken along the
line 2-2 of Figure 3:
Figure 3, a section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2:
Figure 4, a section taken along the line 44 of Figure 5, and illustrates
a modification of the first part of the invention :
Figure 5, a detail sectional side elevation taken along the line 5-5 of
Figure 4:
Figure 6, a detail sectional side elevation taken along the line 6-6 of
Figure 4:
Figure 7, a plan of the escapement push rods of Figures 4, 5 and 6; and
Figure 8, a sectional plan taken along the line 8-8 of Figure 1, and illustrates
the second part of the invention.
A, A, are parts of the main frame of the machine; B, B, magazines; B¹, B³, the
magazine top and bottom, respectively; B5, B5, the pair of adjusting screws;
B6, 136, the internally screw threaded nuts; B7, B7, the worm wheels; B8, B8, the
worms; B, the worm shaft; B12, B12, tenons fast to and depending from the

page_text: magazine support and sliding in mortices B10, B10, fast to the main frame A;
b, b', the bottom and top plates, respectively, of each magazine; 62, 62, the matrix
grooves therein; 613, the support for the series of magazines; E, one of the series
of escapement rods; F, the respective escapement or matrix trigger; f³, f, the
escapement pallets; G, the vertical channel down which the matrices drop after a
they have passed their respective escapements, and Y, Y, matrices. Each of
the foregoing parts is substantially the same as heretofore.
The three magazines of Figure 1 are all adjustable. The single magazines of
Figures 2 to 7 are detachable only; .e., without adjustability.
According to the first part of the invention, there is an escapement or matrix
trigger F for each matrix groove b², and their pivots f³ are immediately under the
respective magazine, instead of being in front of it.
The connection between each escapement rod E and the respective escapement F
is by means of an escapement push rod adapted to be actuated by the said escape-
ment rod through a suitable connection, and to be returned by a suitable spring.
The connection between the escapement rod E and the push rod above mentioned,
is necessarily of an easy self-engaging and disengageable type to allow of such
engagement or disengagement taking place automatically at each substitution.
For that reason, we prefer a push rod held by the idle position of the escapement
rod E opposite to and aligned with the escapement push rod and beyond the
magazine, i.e., just clear of the plane of severance between the magazine B on
the one side and the magazine front B2 on the other. E21 is the push rod in
question. Its nose is preferably coned to facilitate its engagement with the
escapement push rod described further on. It is held to the escapement rod E
by a toggle joint, the links E22, E23, of which are held to each other and to the
top of the escapement rod E by a pivot common to the three. The free end of
the link E is pivotted upon the adjacent wall of the channel G, and that of its
fellow link E to the front end of the push rod E21. The toggle joint just described
may be replaced by a bell crank lever. E24 is a guide for the motion of a push
rod E. It is fast to the underside of the magazine front B2. E25 is a spring to
prevent the nose of each push rod E2 dropping away to the front from the
position above described. E26 is a fixed horizontal perforated plate, acting as
a guide for the top ends of the escapement rods E.
F1, F2, are two straight inclines on the bottom edge of the escapement and
meeting at an internal angle in the middle of the length of that edge. In either
of the terminal positions of an escapement, the nose of one pallet, fl or f², is
as much higher than the other, as is the extremity of the opposite in-
cline below that of the other. F3 is a chamber between the bottom
plate 6 of one magazine proper and the top plate 61 of the one beneath it in the
case of an adjustable magazine, or between the bottom plate 6 and an additional
plate 6, in the case of a detachable magazine, as shown in Figures 2 to 7.
F is an escapement push rod. It stands in the chamber F3 with its front
end flush with the front edge of the magazine B, and with its opposite end bearing
against the front incline F and standing clear of the rear one F2. The object
of this relative position between the rear end of the rod F4 and the said inclines
is to keep the pallet f¹ in the path of the front matrix Y, as heretofore.
F3 is a returning spring adapted to return the rod F to its normal position after
each actuation of it by the escapement rod E.
The first part of the invention works as follows. Premising that it is the upward
motion of an escapement rod E, that frees a matrix Y; when one of the rods E
rises, its vertical motion is converted into an oblique one in the push rod E2 by the
toggle joint, long enough to push the rear end of the escapement push rod F4 past
the pivot of the escapement F and along the rear incline F2, thereby rocking
the escapement F on its pivot with the usual result to the column of matrices Y
in the groove b2, more particularly, to the leading one. As soon as that escape-
ment rod E drops, the returning spring F5 returns the escapement push rod F
to its normal position, likewise with the usual result to the said column of matrices,

page_text: more particularly to the then leading one. The front end of an escapement push
rod F has a conical indentation F15 in it to receive the opposite end of the push
rod E if that is coned.
It is obvious that the details of this first part of the invention may be varied
without departing from the essential features of it.
The inclines F1, F2 may be incorporated with the escapement push rod F, the
bottom edge of the escapement being straight as heretofore; and in either case,
there may be a spring within the chamber F3 to rock the escapement in one direction.
Referring to Figures 2 and 3, each escapement push rod F4 works in a guide
block F held in position by being screwed into a plate F7 extending across the
front of the chamber F³. The returning spring F5 stands within a chamber F8
formed within the guide block F, and about the rod F, pushing from the inner
end of the chamber F8 as a base and against a collar F9 on the said rod F¹. The
guide block F is made in two parts screwed together as indicated, to allow of
the insertion of the spring F5. The inner end of the rod F is segmental, standing
up above the other portion of the rod to make room for the downward motion of
the front half of the escapement.
Referring to Figures 4 to 7, the escapement push rods F are flat and edge up.
They have enlargements F10 on one edge at the front end for the conical indenta-
tions F15. Being flat, they take up less room laterally than the shape illustrated
in Figures 1, and 3; and space is further economised by setting them with
the enlargements F10 alternately at the top and bottom of the chamber F3, as
shewn in Figure 4, so that the usual distances between the columns of matrices Y
are not increased. A flat rod F slides in grooves F in both top and bottom of
the chamber F3, and its rear end is turned upwards to engage with the escape-
ment F and shaped to allow of the rocking motion of the latter. The returning
spring F5 stands, of course, behind the respective enlargement F10, and works
between an abutment F12 and the said enlargement. That abutment is on the
top or bottom plate of the chamber F3 according to the position of the enlarge-
ment F10 in that chamber. The front plate F is dispensed with, a bar F being
held in the chamber F³ against the push of the spring F5 by a piece F13 fast on
the top or bottom plate of that chamber according to the position of the enlarge-
ment F10 and spring F5. F14 is a longitudinal slot along the bar F4, wide enough
to allow of the front end of the said bar being compressed so as to pass between
the piece F13 and the opposite plate of the chamber F3 on its insertion into the
latter. The resilience of the front portions of the said bar on each side of the
slot F4 separates them after such insertion. As many of the abutments F12 as
are on the bottom plate of the chamber F³ serve as guides or lateral supports
for the motion of as many of the bars F as are intermediate thereof, and may serve
as rests for the rear ends of the other bars F to slide upon-see Figure 7.
According to the second part of the invention, the worm shaft is capable of
receiving a constant motion of rotation and there is interposed between each worm
wheel and nut a combination of three pulleys, one co-axial with the worm wheel,
another with the nut, and the other either running idle or as a reversing pulley.
In the type of gearing illustrated, the worm shaft B-see Figures 1 and S
carrying the two worms Bs, is mounted in a carriage B5 capable of a reciprocating
motion parallel with the matrix grooves 62 by reason of the engagement of the
soles of it in grooves B56 in a suitable bracket-like portion of the machine
frame, arranged there. for that purpose.
That shaft is driven con-
stantly in the same direction by a belt B57 running round a pulley fast on it,
and which belt B57 derives its motion from some convenient rotating member of
the machine. B58 is a friction pulley fast on the axis of each worm whee! B7.
Each of the screws B5 is made fast to the magazine support 613 as heretofore,
but its thread is of the opposite hand to that of its fellow for a reason.
that will be self-evident directly. It revolves in bearings in special
extensions of the main frame A, and there is concentrically incorporated with

page_text: its nut B6, a friction pulley B59. 160 is a second friction pulley of the same
diameter as B59, turning in bearings in special extensions of the main frame A.
The four pulleys B5, B60, are in the same plane as the pulleys B58, and each
pulley B engages with the respective pulley B. The pulleys B58 are rather
smaller than those 1359, 160, and are so positioned in the carriage B₁5 that they
engage with either the pulleys 1359, or with the pulleys B60, or stand clear of both,
according to the position of that carriage.
The carriage B55 receives its motion from a hand lever 1361 which is held to
it by a stud 16 standing up from the middle of the carriage top and through the
lever. The fulcrum of the latter is not included in the figures. It may occupy
any suitable position and be of any suitable type consistent with the lever's moving
the carriage B along the grooves B in either direction. So long as the pulleys B
are clear of both pairs of pulleys B5, B60, the adjustable magazine is at rest.
Pulling the carriage B55 over to the front of the machine, engages the pulleys B58
with the front pulleys B59 and B60 and causes the rise or fall of the adjustable
magazine according to the direction in which the belt B7 is running. Pushing
it backwards as far as it will go, engages the pulleys 1358 with the rear pulleys B
and 159, and results in the motion of the adjustable magazine in the opposite
direction. Putting it in an intermediate position, disengages the pulleys B58
from all the pulleys and leaves the said magazine at rest. The invention is
not limited to the type of gearing illustrated, but includes any other substantially
similar in respect of its capacity for direct or reverse driving or for being out
of gear, according to the position of the hand lever which controls the position
of the carriage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. In a linotype or analogous machine, the combination with detachable
magazine, a magazine top, a magazine bottom, and series of escapement rods;
of as many toggle joints or bell crank levers and push rods respectively as escape-
ment rods; and a corresponding series of escapement push rods and escapements
within the said magazine; as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a linotype or analogous machine, the combination with an adjustable
arrangement of magazines, a magazine top, a magazine bottom and series of
escapement rods; of as many toggle joints or bell crank levers and push rods
respectively as escapement rods; and a corresponding series of escapement push
rods and escapements within each magazine of the series; as and for the purpose
set forth.
3. In a linotype or analogous machine, the combination with an adjustable
arrangement of magazines, a magazine top, a magazine bottom, and a screw and
nut gear for making any one of the magazines register with the said top and
bottom; of a three pulley gear with each screw and nut, the two gears capable
of rotating the said nuts simultaneously in either direction or of being held out
of gear, and a hand lever for controlling the said gears and of holding them in
either of their three positions; as set forth.
4. In a linotype or analogous machine, the combination of magazine; escape-
ments, escapement push rods; escapement rods; and connections with the said
escapement rods; as set forth.
5. In a linotype or analogous machine, the combination of magazine; escape-
ments; escapement push rods; escapement rods; and connections with the said
escapement rods; as set forth with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
6. In a linotype or analogous machine, the combination of magazine, escape-
ments; escapement push rods; escapement rods; and connection with the said
"escapement rods; as set forth with reference to Figures 4 to 7.
7. The combination of escapement, escapement push rod, and returning spring,

page_text: all immediately under the magazine; and connection beyond the magazine with
the escapement rod, as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated the 14th day of January 1898
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.