Improvements in and relating to Water Closets.
Year: 1887

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 13th day of February 1894,
allowed, under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of
this Specification.
Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 16th July, 1887-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Water Closets.
I, JAMES DUCKETT, of Woodleigh, Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Brick
and Sanitary Pipo Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to:
be as follows:-
This invention relates to Water Closets, arranged for the utilization, for
flushing purposes, of waste water, such as slop, roof, and surface water, generally.
The trap of the closet is, by preference, formed with an opening or space, the
bottom of which is on a level or there-abouts with the surface of the water; and
sufficiently large, that articles deposited in the trap, and incapable of being flushed
through the same, may be readily removed. Or, an opening may be made in the
soil pipe or pan, immediately above the trap, for the like purpose. In the first
mentioned opening or space is situated the discharging end of a suitably formed
tipping tank, arranged to receive waste water, which is discharged direct into
the trap.
The trap and framework for carrying the tipper are preferably constructed of
one piece of earthenware, so as to prevent leakage in the joints, and so as to obtain
a better base; or they may be in segments, if desired.
The tipper is also preferably made of earthenware, and mounted in suitable
bearings, so as to be readily removed for cleaning purposes, and is provided with
a regulating or adjustable stop piece, which determines the height of the tipping'
end of the tipper. The cover of the tipper may form the floor of the closet,
suitable provision being made for its removal, when required, to inspect or cleanse
the trap or tipper.
Instead of attaching the tipper to the framework of the closet trap, it may be
situated in a receptical, placed in juxtaposition with the yard trap, (with which it
may be combined in one or more pieces of earthenware,) so as to increase the flush
of water through the drain and trap. To intercept and prevent large articles from
falling, or being thrown down into the trap, a grate is provided, and fixed in the
trap, pan, or soil pipe of the closet, obstructions being removed through the afore-
said openings; and to prevent the pan, or pipes situated between the seat and the
trap, becoming soiled by the falling excreta, they are formed oval or oblong in
section, so that a portion of the interior may recede considerably towards the back
of the seat for this purpose.
The pipe, immediately below the seat, is partially closed at the top end, to
provide an opening at the front, to correspond somewhat in size and shape with that
formed in the seat, so as to ensure the soil pipes being placed and fixed in proper
position with the seat. The top of the trap, in lieu of being round (as is usual,) is
inade oval or oblong to suit the pan.
It will be obvious that in using waste water, solid matters will be carried with it
into the tipper, and be deposited in sundry accumulations at the deep part of the

page_text: tipper, which in time would become inoperative, and be outbalanced by the
sediment. To prevent such an occurance, the water entering the tipper is guided
so as to fall about two or three inches to the rear of the axis of the tipper, whether
it be standing in an horizontal position or not at the time; the water, falling in
this position, swills out the solid matters effectually. For this purpose, a pipe
or other suitable conduit rest upon, and is by preference, fixed to the framework
or receptical carrying the tipper. A branch from the centre or thereabouts of this
pipe or conduit is arranged in such a position, as to cause the water to fall in a
backward direction as above stated, thus greatly assisting the tipper, when tipped,
to fall back again into its horizontal position. This pipe or conduit also answers
the purpose of effectually preventing dirt from falling upon the axis of the tipper ;
and being secured to the framework or receptical ensures its stability and accuracy
of position, and may be provided at each end with a socket or junction, to receive
the drain pipe on either or both sides; the end not in use being closed or shut by a
suitable stopper.
Although the tipper is described as being actuated automatically, it may, if
desired, be otherwise actuated.
Another part of my invention consists in arranging the seat of the closet, that it
may be raised, when required, and the closet used as a slop sink, or urinal.
Dated 5th day of March 1887.
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in and relating to Water Closets.
1, JAMES DUCKETT, of Woodleigh, Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Brick
and Sanitary Pipe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to Water Closets, arranged for the utilization for flushing
purposes, of waste water such as slop, roof, and surface water generally. The trap
of the closet is by preference provided with an opening or space in front, sufficiently
large, that articles deposited in the trap, and incapable of being flushed through
the same,, may be readily removed; or, an opening may be made in front of the
soil pipe or pan, immediately above the trap, for the like purpose. 1 place a
tipping tank on hearings in a receptacle, in juxta-position with the yard or sink
trap, so as to receive waste or slop water, which, from time to time, is suddenly
discharged, with great force, through the sink and closet traps. These are
connected together by sanitary pipes, whereby a simultaneous and effective flush,
is effected through the respective traps, and with sufficient force as to clear away
any lodging sediment or deposit. The flush (of waste water), being effected
automatically, by the tipping tank overbalancing itself each time it is nearly full
and discharging its contents, in the manner above stated, will be found much
superior to the ordinary method of flushing water closets, as it is not dependent, in
any way, on the care and cleanliness of the person using the closet.
To-prevent-the-pan-or-ripe becoming soiled by the falling exereta it is formed oval
or-oblong, so that a portion of its-interior-may-recede considerably towards the buck
of the-seat-for-this-purpose; the pan at the top being partially closed, to provide an
opening at the front, somewhat-in-size-and-shape-with-that formed in the Sent. The
trap,-in-lieu-of-being-round-(as-is-usual) is made oval or oblong at the top to suit
the pau:
And in order that my invention may be properly understood, and readily carried
into practical effect, I have hereunto attached the accompanying sheets of drawings,

page_text: marked with figures and letters of reference; the same letters referring to the same
or similar parts, in the various views and Figures. Fig. 1, sheet 1, is a vertical
section, and Fig. 2, a horizontal section or plan of an apparatus or closet constructed
in accordance with my invention, in which views, the tipper, which is preferably of
earthenware, is shewn in juxtaposition with the sink trap W.
Fig. 3-is-a-sectional elevation of the pan or pipe F-of the closet, partially closed
in at the back and upper-part at O, so that whilst conforming somewhat to the size
and shape of the hole in the seat I, its interior may reeede-abruptly at the back, and
thereby remain-nasoiled by the falling exereta.
Fig. 4 is a plan-or-horizontal-section, on sheet 2, shewing the inlet and outlet
janetions-Band B' at the sides-of-the-closet-trap-C; Fig. 5-is-a-similar-view,
shewing the inlet and outlet jnnetions B' and B'-of-the-trap-C-reversed-to-those
represented in Fig. 1 ; Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the pan F and trap C, taken
through the plane of the line-B-B, Fig. 5; whilst Figs. 1 und 2-represent the
inlet-und-outlet junctions B' and B' at right angles-to-those-represented in Figs. 1,8
and-G
The various positions of the inlet and ontlet junctions B' and B² of the trap C, -as
above-described, and shewn in Figs. 2, 1 and 5-render-one-or-other-of-the-closet
traps available, to ensure a direct and straight course-for-the-waste-water-from-the
discharging tank or tipper I to the-main-sewer R, seen in Fig. 7, whether the riser
or front-of-the-closet be at-right angles or parallel with the drain-M.
Fig. is a plan-or-horizontal section-(reduced-seale) shewing-two-elosets,-placed
back-to-baek, with the inlet and outlet janetions B' and B' of the trap C-of-one
eloset, reverse-to-these-in-the-other-whilst both have a-direet course-of-the-waste
water from tipper H to main sewer-R. Fig. S is a vertical section, representing
trap Cand-puu F, with an opening D, at the front of the trap, sufficiently-large,
that-articles-earelessly-or inadvertantly dropped-through-the-seat, and incapable of
being flushed through the closet, may be readily removed; or the opening D-may
be-in front of the pan-E, as seen in Fig. 9, for the-like-purpose.
In Figs. 1 and 2, sheet 1, the tipper is seen in juxtaposition with the sink trap W,
and mounted on suitable bearings in box K, covered by dish brick and grate T.
This tipper receives its supply of waste water from slopstone L, through sink
pipe X, and when nearly full is overbalanced, discharging its contents suddenly
and with great force, through sink or stench trap W, along drain M, and through
closet trap or basin C, almost simultaneously, effectually flushing to the main sewer,
any sediment or deposit, which might have settled in the tank E, trap W, trap C
or in the drain M.
The tipper, having now discharged its contents as above described, returns to its
original position against the stop-pieces N, by which the height of its tipping end
is determined.
Automatic tipping tanks as ordinarily arranged were placed in close proximity to the
closet pan C, and one of the chief and very strong objections to their use was that if they failed
to work properly, owing to the pivots or some other working parts getting out of order, or
becoming deranged, it was a matter of some difficulty to have access to them to set them.
right. By my invention this is no longer the case, the tipper being at once accessible at
any moment and for any purpose by simply raising the dish-stone "T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly, the tipping tank H in juxtaposition with the yard or sink trap W,
substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly-the-employment of tipping-tank-H-constructed of glazed-earthenware;
to prevent-corrosion-and-lessen-the-limbility of soap,-or-the-like, adhering to its
surfnee
Thirdly the manufacture and use of an oval or oblong-soil-pipe-or--pan--with
trap Csubstantially-as-described-and-illustrated.

page_text: Fourthly, the-contraction of the top of the soil pipe or pan F, as and for the
purpose-deseribed.
Fifthly, the opening D'in front of either closet pan or trap, substantially-as
described for the purpose set forth.
Sixthly, the general arrangement and combination of the parts, substantially as
shown and described.
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1887.
Complete Left, 16th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 16th Aug., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Water Closets.
1, JAMES DUCKETT, of Woodleigh, Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Brick
and Sanitary Pipe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This invention relates to Water Closets, arranged for the utilization, for flushing
purposes, of waste water, such as slop, roof, and surface water, generally.
The trap of the closet is, by preference, formed. with an opening or space, the
bottom of which is on a level or there-abouts with the surface of the water; and
sufficiently large, that articles deposited in the trap, and incapable of being flushed
through the same, may be readily removed. Or, an opening may be made in the soil
pipe or pan, immediately above the trap, for the like purpose. In the first mentioned
opening or space is situated the discharging end of a suitably formed tipping tank,
arranged to receive waste water, which is discharged direct into the trap.
The trap and framework for carrying the tipper are preferably constructed of one
piece of earthenware, so as to prevent leakage in the joints, and so as to obtain a
better base; or they may be in segments, if desired.
The tipper is also preferably made of earthenware, and mounted in suitable bearings,
so as to be readily removed for cleaning purposes, and is provided with a regulating
or adjustable stop piece, which determines the height of the tipping end of the tipper.
The cover of the tipper may form the floor of the closet, suitable provision being made
for its removal, when required, to inspect or cleanse the trap or tipper.
Instead of attaching the tipper to the framework of the closet trap, it may be
situated in a receptical, placed in juxtaposition with the yard trap, (with which it may
be combined in one or more pieces of earthenware,) so as to increase the flush of
water through the drain and trap. To intercept and prevent large articles from
falling, or being thrown down into the trap, a grate is provided, and fixed in the trap,
pan, or soil pipe of the closet, obstructions being removed through the aforesaid
openings; and to prevent the pan, or pipes situated between the seat and the trap,
becoming soiled by the falling excreta, they are formed oval or oblong in section, so
that a portion of the interior may recede considerably towards the back of the seat for
this purpose.

page_text: The pipe, immediately below the seat, is partially closed at the top end, to provide
an opening at the front, to correspond somewhat in size and shape with that formed in
the seat, so as to ensure the soil pipes being placed and fixed in proper position with
the seat. The top of the trap, in lieu of being round (as is usual,) is made oval or
oblong to suit the pan.
It will be obvious that in using waste water, solid matters will be carried with it
into the tipper, and be deposited in sundry accumulations at the deep part of the
tipper, which in time would become inoperative, and be outbalanced by the sediment.
To prevent such an occurance, the water entering the tipper is guided so as to fall
about two or three inches to the rear of the axis of the tipper, whether it be standing
in an horizontal position or not at the time; the water, falling in this position, swills
out the solid matters effectually. For this purpose, a pipe or other suitable conduit
rest upon, and is by preference, fixed to the framework or receptical carrying the
tipper. A branch from the centre or thereabouts of this pipe or conduit is arranged
in such a position, as to cause the water to fall in a backward direction as above stated,
thus greatly assisting the tipper, when tipped, to fall back again into its horizontal
position. This pipe or conduit also answers the purpose of effectually preventing dirt
from, falling upon the axis of the tipper; and being secured to the framework or
receptical ensures its stability and accuracy of position, and may be provided at each
end with a socket or junction, to receive the drain pipe on either or both sides; the
end not in use being closed or shut by a suitable stopper.
Although the tipper is described as being actuated automatically, it may, if desired,
be otherwise actuated.
Another part of my invention consists in arranging the seat of the closet, that it
may be raised, when required, and the closet used as a slop sink, or urinal.
Dated 5th day of March 1887.
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Water Closets.
I, JAMES DUCKETT of Woodleigh, Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Brick
and Sanitary Pipe Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to Water Closets, arranged for the utilization for flushing
purposes, of wasto water such as slop, roof, and surface water generally. The trap of
the closet is by preference provided with an opening or space in front, sufficiently
large, that articles deposited in the trap, and incapable of being flushed through the
same, may be readily removed; or, an opening may be made in front of the soil pipe
or pan, immediately above the trap, for the like purpose. I place a tipping tank on
bearings in a receptacle, in juxta-position with the yard or sink trap, so as to receive
waste or slop water, which, from time to time, is suddenly discharged, with great
force, through the sink and closet traps. These are connected together by sanitary
pipes, whereby a simultaneous and effective flush, is effected through the respective
traps, and with sufficient force as to clear away any lodging sediment or deposit.
The flush (of waste water), being effected automatically, by the tipping tank over-
balancing itself each time it is nearly full and discharging its contents, in the manner
above stated, will, be found much superior to the ordinary method of flushing water
closets, as it is not dependant, in any way, on the care and cleanliness of the person
using the closet.
To prevent the pan or pipe becoming soiled by the falling excreta it is formed oval
or oblong, so that a portion of its interior may recede considerably towards the back
of the seat for this purpose; the pan at the top being partially closed, to provide an
opening at the front, somewhat in size and shape with that formed in the seat. The
trap, in lieu of being round (as is usual) is made oval or oblong at the top to suit
the pan.
And in order that my invention may be properly understood, and readily carried
into practical effect, I have hereunto attached the accompanying sheets of drawings,
marked with figures and letters of reference; the same letters referring to the same or
similar parts, in the various views and Figures. Fig. 1, sheet 1, is a vertical section,
and Fig. 2, a horizontal section or plan of an apparatus or closet constructed in
accordance with my invention, in which views, the tipper, which is preferably of
earthenware, is shewn in juxtaposition with the sink trap W.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the pan or pipe F of the closet, partially closed in
at the back and upper part at O, so that whilst conforming somewhat to the size and
shape of the hole in the seat P, its interior may recede abruptly at the back, and
thereby remain unsoiled by the falling excreta.
Fig. 4 is a plan or horizontal section, on sheet 2, shewing the inlet and outlet
junctions B1 and B2 at the sides of the closet trap C; Fig. 5 is a similar view, shewing
the inlet and outlet junctions B and B of the trap C, reversed to those represented in

page_text: Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the pan F and trap C, taken through the plane
of the line B B, Fig. 5; whilst Figs. 1 and 2 represent the inlet and outlet junctions B¹
and B2 at right angles to those represented in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.
The various positions of the inlet and outlet junctions B' and B2 of the trap C, as
above described, and shewn in Figs. 2, 4 and 5 render one or other of the closet traps
available, to ensure a direct and straight course for the waste water from the
discharging tank or tipper H to the main sewer R, seen in Fig. 7, whether the riser
or front of the closet be at right angles or parellel with the drain M.
Fig. 7 is a plan or horizontal section (reduced scale) shewing two closets, placed
back to back, with the inlet and outlet junctions B1 and B2 of the trap C of one closet,
reverse to those in the other; whilst both have a direct course of the waste water from
tipper H to main sewer R. Fig. 8 is a vertical section, representing trap C and
pan F, with an opening D, at the front of the trap, sufficiently large, that articles
carelessly or inadvertantly dropped through the seat, and incapable of being flushed
through the closet, may be readily removed; or the opening D may be in front of the
pan F, as seen in Fig. 9, for the like purpose.
In Figs. 1 and 2, sheet 1, the tipper is seen in juxtaposition with the sink trap W,
and mounted on suitable bearings in box K, covered by dish brick and grate T. This
tipper receives its supply of waste water from slopstone L, through sink pipe X, and
when nearly full is overbalanced, discharging its contents suddenly and with great
force, through sink or stench trap W, along drain M, and through closet trap or
basin C, almost simultaneously, effectually flushing to the main sewer, any sediment
or deposit, which might have settled in the tank H, trap W, trap C or in the drain M.
The tipper, having now discharged its contents as above described, returns to its
original position against the stop-pieces N, by which the height of its tipping end is
determined.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
Firstly. The tipping tank H in juxtaposition with the yard or sink trap W;
substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. The employment of tipping tank H constructed of glazed earthenware, to
prevent corrosion and lessen the liability of soap, or the like, adhering to its surface.
Thirdly. The manufacture and use of an oval or oblong soil pipe or pan F, with
trap C, substantially as described and illustrated.
Fourthly. The contraction of the top of the soil pipe or pan F, as and for the
purpose described.
Fifthly. The opening D in front of either closet pan or trap, substantially as
described for the purpose set forth.
Sixthly. The general arrangement and combination of the parts, substantially as
shewn and described.
Dated this 4th day of July 1887
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent for the Applicant.