Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 1st Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 6th Jan., 1888
1, HARRY HUNT, of Newington Green, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of bottom grate for register and
other stoves, according to which the bottom grate is made adjustable in respect of the
quantity of air allowed to pass through it; a heating chamber behind the fire exposed
on all sides or back and front only to the action of the heat and a means for effecting
the better consumption of smoke are severally provided.
In carrying this invention into effect, I replace the ordinary plain bottom grate by
a frame in the lower level of which I arrange a series of round bars transversely of
of the frame, and each one capable of rotation on pins projecting from its ends.
provide a grid which lies within the frame upon the aforesaid series of bars, and
which can be moved from side by means of a lever conveniently fixed beneath the
bars.
The bars of the grid are of a trough section, and each one is fitted with a fire-brick
bar or filled with any kind of refractory material.
By actuating the lever above mentioned, the spaces in the grid may be made to
coincide with the air-spaces between the bars, when active combustion will be
established; or the grid bars may be moved over the said spaces, when the flow of air
through the series of bars and grid will be stopped and slow combustion established.
If however the grid is made to occupy an intermediate position, the combustion of
the fuel will proceed at a correspondingly intermediate rate.
The under face of the grid has sets of grooves formed in it, by means of which it
can retain either of the above mentioned three positions upon the series of bars.
The back of the fire place slopes backward, and the heating chamber is suspended
or supported in any convenient way above it. The front of the chamber slopes
preferably forwards towards the fire bars. Pipes to and from this heating chamber
are led away in the required directions.
I form a passage froin the space beneath the bottom grate through the back of the
fire place, causing it to open into the heating space behind the chamber, for the
purpose of supplying sufficient hot air for the better consumption of smoke.
Dated this 12th day of March 1887.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Register and other Fire Grates.
I, HARRY HUNT, of Newington Green, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
My invention relates to an improved construction of bottom grate for register and
other stoves, according to which the bottom grate is made adjustable in respect of the
quantity of air allowed to pass through it, as well as to providing a heating chamber
behind the fire, which chamber is exposed on all sides, or on the back and front only.
to the action of the heat; and in addition thereto, to a novel method of effecting the
consumption of smoke.
In order that my invention, and the means by which the same may be carried into
practical effect, may be thoroughly understood; I will proceed to describe the same
in detail, referring in so doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken
as part of this specification, and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation.
Fig. 2 is a plan of my improved bottom grate.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the rollers upon which the bottom grate is carried, and moved
to and fro.
Fig. 4 is a front elevation.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation.
My improved bottom grate consisis of a frame, a, and a series of transverse
troughs, a, which are, preferably, made of cast iron.
The troughs may be of one uniform size, but I prefer that the middle and end ones
should be wider than their neighbours.
I provide a series of bars, a, of fire-clay, or equivalent refractory material, adapted
to rest in the respective troughs, a¹. These bars, a², are expanded laterally at the
top to overlap the metal edges of the troughs, which latter however are at a sufficient
distance apart for there to be the necessary air-spaces between the bars, a'.
These bars, a, may be replaced by refractory cement fitted into the troughs and
finished off at the top to the proper contour.
In the bottom external surfaces of the troughs, a', and of the frame, a, I form small
concave grooves, b, in seis of three one sei to each trough, excepting in the case of
the wide troughs, where the number is increased according to the width.
The bottom grate constructed as above described rests, by the sets of grooves, upon
round bars, or rollers, C, adapted to rotate easily in a fixed frame, C¹, longer by the
width of one bar, than the frame, and the ends of which are returned over the end
bars, a².
One roller is omitted from the centre of the series to make room for the motion in
either direction at right angles with the direction of the bars, a², of a stud, c, depending
from the middle trough, and engaging with a lever, D, having its fulcrum at a convenient

page_text: point in the fixed frame, C, and underneath the bottom grate and rollers. This lever
is continued to the front of the bars and ash-screen through an opening of proper size.
The action of this part of my invention is as follows.
When the bottom grate is in the position illustrated in Fig. 1, the air-spaces between
troughs, or hars, of the bottom grate coincide with those between the rollers, C ;
with the result that a full supply of air passes through the grate into the fuel-bed.
If the frame, a, be moved to the right till the bars engage with the roller, C, by
the grooves, &to the left of those shewn in the figure as engaging therewith, the
air-supply will be reduced by about one half, and the development of heat reduced
also in a corresponding degree. A further motion of the bottom grate to the right
will stop the air-spaces between the rollers, and the stove will then be what is known
as a slow combustion one i.e., one in which the combustion is maintained by air-
currents passing into the fuel-bed through the front bars of the grate.
I do not confine myself to placing the lever in the position indicated in the figures;
and this device for adjusting the air supply may be replaced by any other convenient
and suitable one.
I prefer to place the bars, ', and rollers transversely with reference to the stove,
but is is evident that they may be placed longitudinally without departing from the
substance of my invention.
E is an air-heating chamber, the front, e, of which slopes forward towards the front
bars of the stove. It is supported in the position illustrated in Fig. 5 by any
convenient means, and is made fixed so that the heat of the fire can act upon it, both
back and front, and, if desired, on the sides also. But do not consider it absolutely
necessary that the sides should be exposed to the action of the heated gases, and they
may, therefore, be built into the walls of the chimney.
Due provision for a constant current of air through the chamber is made by two
pipes F, G. Cold air from any convenient source flows into the chamber along the
former pipe, and the warmed air is led away from the chamber along the second pipe, G,
which is adapted to deliver its contents into the room to be warmed through suitable
openings in the front of the stove or elsewhere.
His a cavity formed behind the fire-back, h, and the brick work. The fire back, h,
is, preferably, deeply corrugated, so that the cavity, H, is practically divided into
several channels, or pipes, three sides of each being exposed to the direct action of
the fuel.
The cavity establishes a communication between the ash-pit and the spaces above
the fuel-bed, both in front of and behind the heating chamber E.
When the fire is first lighted, the register door, i, is thrown back into the position
illustrated in Fig. 5. The currents of air flowing up through the channels, H, in the
cavity behind the fuel bed are raised in temperature, and drawn over the fuel-bed,
where they mix with the smoke arising therefrom and effect its combustion.
The hot gases from the fire pass over the front of the heating chamber E, until, the
fire having burnt up, the register door, i, is drawn down on to its seat, i', when they
will pass up behind the heating chamber, the supply of heated air from the cavity
being still continued for the purpose of perfecting combustion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination of troughs adapted to receive refractory material with rollers
parallel with said troughs, and over which said troughs can be moved and their
position relatively thereto adjusted; substantially as described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
2. The combination of a loose frame having parallel troughs separated by air-spaces
fixed thereto, and filled with refractory material; a fixed frame provided with rollers
parallel to said troughs adapted to rotate easily in their bearings in said frame,
separated from each other by air-spaces and serving as a base for the said loose
frame to rest upon; and a lever, or equivalent device, projecting in the front of the

page_text: stove, by means of which the position of the said troughs can be adjusted relatively
to the said air-spaces between the rollers, substantially as described with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination of heating chamber, the front of which is sloped forwards
towards the front bars of the stove; a pipe delivering cold air thereinto; a second
pipe adapted to deliver the warm air from the chamber to any required point; means
of suspending heating chamber at a level between the front bars and the arch or the
curtain of the grate; and a combustion space behind said chamber; substantially as
described with reference to the accompanying figure 5.
4. The combination with the fuel basket of an open fire grate, of a channel, one
side of which is the back plate of the said fuel basket, adapted to receive warm air
from under the bottom grate and to deliver it after raising its temperature above the
fuel-bed, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying figures.
Dated this 30th day of November 1887.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Patent Agents,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Patent Agents,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.