Improvements in Blast or Exhaust Pipes for Locomotives and other Engines.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1888
Complete Left, 13th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 13th July, 1888
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Blast or Exhaust Pipes for Locomotives and other
Engines.
I, ALBERT EBENEZER SCHURR of 5 Lawrence Pountney Hill in the City of London,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me from
abroad by Edward Swinerd of Campinas, Province of São Paulo, Brazil, South
America, Locomotive and Carriage Superintendent of the Mogyana Railway Company)
to be as follows:-
The objects of this invention are to effect increased economy in the consumption
of fuel, to reduce back pressure on pistons, to effect economy by reduction in burning
of tubes, firebox plates &c., and to produce such an arrangement of blast or exhaust
apparatus as will act as a complete and effectual spark arrester, and will produce an
evenly distributed draught through the various rows of boiler tubes.
According to this invention I provide means whereby a blast is created for all the
tubes and this is accomplished in and by the employment of two or more of what
I may term compound blast tubes of varying heights, the shortest tube acting as
the blast for the lower boiler tubes and the longest for the upper boiler tubes. Above
and partially surrounding the short blast orifice or orifices I generally provide and
prefer to do so, a tube or conductor having at its lower end a bell shaped or equivalent
opening, the conductor or conducting tube extending up to or nearly to the top of the
long blast tube. By this means the exhaust steam from the cylinders escaping by the
blast tubes at one and the same time a light and ovenly distributed draught or blast on
the fire is produced.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Blast or Exhaust Pipes for Locomotives and other
Engines.
I, ALBERT EBENEZER SCHURR of 5 Lawrence Pountney Hill in the City of London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Edward Swinerd of Campinas, Province of São Paulo, Brazil, South
America, Locomotive and Carriage Superintendent of the Mogyana Railway Company)
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The objects of this invention are, to effect increased economy in the consumption of
fuel, to reduce back pressure on pistons, and to effect economy by reduction in burning
of tubes, firebox plates, and other paris, by such an arrangement of blast or exhaust
apparatus as will also act as a complete and effectual spark arrester, and will produce
an evenly distributed draught throughout the various rows of the boiler tubes.
According to this invention I provide means whereby a blast is created for all the
tubes and this is accomplished in and by the employment of two or more of what I
may term compound blast tubes, of varying heights, the short tube acting as the blast
for the lower of the boiler tubes, and the long tube for the upper of the boiler tubes.
Above and partially surrounding the short blast orifice or orifices I generally provide
and prefer to do so, a tube or conductor having at its lower end a bell shaped or
equivalent opening, the conductor or conducting tube extending up to or nearly to the
top of the long blast tube. By this means the exhaust steam from the cylinders in
escaping by the blast tubes produces a light and evenly distributed draught or blast on
the fire.
In order that the invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will now more fully describe the same with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section shewing a pair of multiplex or compound blast
or exhaust pipes and the conductor constructed according to this invention. Figure 2
is a back elevation of same; Figure 3 is a plan, and Figure 4 shews a longitudinal
section of a locomotive smoke box or so much thereof as is necessary to explain same,
with this invention applied. Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in all the
figures.
A is the short blast tube for the lower boiler tubes, B is the long blast tube for the
upper boiler tubes; C is the tube or conductor, and C¹ the bell shaped mouth thereof.
The tube when such is employed extends up and to a level with the long blast
tube B. The steam is thus exhausted through two or more nozzles from each or
both cylinders such nozzles being fixed at different heights as shewn in the smoke
As shewn in the drawings the steam is exhausted from either and each
cylinder through both tubes or nozzles A B at the same time although each cylinder
might without departing from the invention exhaust through its own and separate
nozzle or tube such nozzles in this latter case discharging at different heights in
box.

page_text: the smoke box, in fact the tubes or nozzles may in all cases be fixed according to
any convenient arrangement without departing from the invention provided that the
discharge takes place at different heights, and this blast apparatus may be either provided
with or be without such a tube or conductor as that shewn at C.
By reference to the example shewn on the drawing it will be noticed that the exhaust
will take place through both a long and a short tube or nozzle simultaneously giving
a very large area of steam blast, which by the relative difference in heights of the
tubes or nozzles constructed according to this invention is in its effect evenly dis-
tributed throughout the whole smoke box and acting on both the upper and lower
parts of same and producing a light and easy blast on the fire, the blast so pro-
duced acting with greater uniformity than heretofore throughout all the boiler
tubes and effecting the generation of steam with great economy in the consumption
of coal.
I would further remark that by the extended area of nozzle apertures and by the
light and evenly distributed blast produced by apparatus constructed according to this
invention a reduction of back pressure on the piston is obtained and there is less
destruction of the fire box, plates, tubes and other parts, as well as less cinders carried
out of the chimney than heretofore.
I do not bind myself to fixing the nozzles at any definite or settled height
either relatively to each other or relatively to the height of the smoke box or other-
wise but vary same to suit requirements, neither do I limit myself to the particular
size or shape of the said nozzles or tubes as they might be round, square, oval
or other suitable shape according to circumstances without departing from the
invention.
I am aware that prior to this invention arrangements had been provided for the
passage of the exhaust steam from the cylinders through separate and distinct tubes
and their ultimate formation into a single blast. An annular blast is not in itself new,
neither is it new to conduct the gases from the lower part of the smoke box to the
interior of an annular blast; nor is it new to combine circular central and amular
blast jets and the passage of the gases into such annular blast jets; all these several
arrangements alone and separately have been long known as applied to blast pipes for
locomotives and other engines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First. In blast pipes for locomotives and other engines, the combination of two or
more blast tubes of varying heights, whereby a blast is obtained for the lower boiler
tubes, as well as for the upper boiler tubes substantially as described and illustrated
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Second. In blast pipes for locomotive and other engines, the combination with such
multiplex or compound blast pipes as before claimed, of a tube or conductor extending
up, or nearly, to the top of the long blast tube all substantially as and for the purposes
set forth and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Daial this 1241, 1 of Luna 1000