APPERTAINING TO WEIGHING MACHINES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eugen Wölner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1883.
EUGEN WÖLNER of Liverpool in the county of Lancaster
IN AND APPERTAINING TO WEIGHING MACHINES.
"IMPROVEMENTS
The weighing table of the machine that receives the load is resting either
directly upon or swinging in links slung from the knife-edges of the load-arms
of a series of bent, or "Bell Crank" Levers, which are connected with one and
another, and form beams having knife-edges at their fulcra-supports, these knife
edges lying in the neutral axis of the cross-section of the said beams.-The power
to be transferred by the arm or arms, of the force of one set of Levers to the other
set of Levers and finally taken up by the last set of Levers is performed by a Link
or Links. The last set of Levers are a combination of a Lever of the second order
and bent Levers The lever-arm of the second order is either in one with the bent
Levers or made adjustable to allow a variation of the distance from the centre of
the machine to the indicator, and this said arm having a diagonal direction the
length of the lever-arm is maintained.
This last lever-arm transfers the power to the suspension rod that is hooked
on to the shackle slung from the knife-edge on the bent lever of the Indicating
Apparatus
The Indicating apparatus consists of a bell-crank lever carrying a sliding weight
on the one arm having a scale for adjusting said weight for regulating tare the
other arm hangs down at a steep angle into a well or cistern of liquid and is
provided with a counterpoise consisting of a piston, or a closed tube working over
a fixed piston of less area than the tube or equivalent mechanism that will give
a water cushion and so prevent sudden jerks or oscillations Preferably I form the
pendulous end in the form of a curved cylinder tube or box with a curved piston
rod passing through it and fitted with a very loose fitting piston working in the
said box or cylinder. On the axis of the last mentioned bent lever I fix a third
Price 77

page_text: lever from a knife edge on which the shackle connecting it with the lever system
is suspended. A chain passes over suitable guide pulleys from the pendulous arm
round the axis of a pointer wheel and again round the axis of the dial to a weight
suspended at the other end to keep it tight. A pin or other convenient stopping
arrangement prevents the chain from stopping on the pulleys or axes of the
indicating apparatus and instead of the chain going over both axes the two axes
can if desired be connected with gearing instead of the chain. The rod connecting
the indicating apparatus with the system of levers is preferably hooked onto a
shackle suspended from a ring or its equivalent on the knife edge. The hooked
suspension rod has a second hook below the one taking into the shackle or its
equivalent below this second hook is a crank and shaft worked by a hand wheel.
If the hand wheel be turned the crank is raised and lifts the suspension rod with
the mechanism by the lower hook till the first hook is lifted out of the shackle
and thus all connection between the indicating apparatus and the platform is cut
off, but the platform is allowed to rest on its framework instead of on the knife
edges. To put the apparatus in gear a single turn of the hand wheel carries the
crank round and the latter carries the lower hook, lifts it and guides it until it
leaves the first or upper hook in its shackle and ready again for work.
The mode of action is as follows.
The apparatus being connected as above set forth the empty cart is weighed by
moving the tare weight till a balance is effected. The tare weight is then clamped
or fixed in place or can simply lie in its notch and the filled cart is brought onto
the platform The machine will now indicate say the major weights by means
of the figure shown on the circular scale and the minor weights by the pointer
and radial or curved scale: the pointers being so arranged on the pointer wheel
that only one can point to the radial scale at once but so that as one reaches the
scale the other is just leaving it.

page_text: Fig.
Fig. 5 front sectional elevation of iny apparatus as at present made by me.
Fig. 6, a modification of same for simplifying the machine and making it more
sensitive. Like letters relate to like parts in all the drawings.
back elevation with cover plate removed, and
The weighing table A rests on the stool B, which in turn when the machine is
not working and the levers released, rests upon the floor or other support, but
when the machine is in gear, it rests directly, or by means of suspension links e e¹
round shafts e³, upon knife edges e of the load arm C of the levers C C C C'
are two pairs of bell crank levers, each pair being connected by and forming beams
C2, C3, having knife edges G at their fulcrum supports, in the neutral axis of the
cross section of said beains C C. These two pairs are again connected with each
other by arms on their beams, (onė arm being below the centre, the other above
as shown) by means of knife edges F, and the bar E. This bar E is adjustable as
regards length by the right and left handed nut E. One of these beans C³, has
fixed to it and preferably cast in one with it, a diagonal arm C, which can be made
adjustable as regards length if desired, so as to allow of a variation in distance
from the centre of the table of the machine to the indicator, and this said arın
having a diagonal direction, the length of the lever ann is maintained. In the
drawings the arm is shown rigidly cast to the beams C³, and is not adjustable as
regards length, as it is also not in an angular direction; in cases however where it
is made adjustable in both ways, the beam C³ is made with a circular rim, shown in
dotted lines at C, and the lever C, is bolted thereto by a flange, shown in dotted
lines, and slide on a circular slide shown in dotted lines also. The lever C' transfers
the power to the suspension rod G' which is hooked onto the shackles g g' hung
from the knife edge h on the arm h³, of the bent lever H of the indicating
apparatus; this arm can be one and the same with arm if desired. The
indicating apparatus, shown in Figs. 1 to 5, consists of a bell crank lever, H,
carrying a sliding weight I on the arm h', having a scale for adjusting said weight,
for regulating tare; the other arm h³ hangs down at a steep angle into a cistern J,
fitted with a liquid-tight cover J, and this said cistern is filled full up with liquid,
and is provided with a counterpoise consisting of a heavy and nearly closed tube K,
working over a fixed piston L', of rather less area than the tube, and leaving very.
little passage way for the liquid, which thus acts as a water cushion against too
rapid movement of the tube, and thus prevents sudden jerks or oscillations.
Preferably I form the pendulous tube in the form of a curved cylinder tube or

page_text: box K, with a curved piston rod L, passing through it, and fitted with a very loose
fitting piston L', working in the said box or cylinder. The water in this case acts
as a cushion entering at the orifices round the piston rod, and also passing round
the piston in the cylinder. The small passage ways allowing the cylinder only to
move slowly, thus checking violent.oscillations. On the axis of the bent lever H,
I fix the lever h³, from the knife edge h, on which the shackles or rings g g'
connecting it with the lever system is suspended. A chain M. passes over guide
pulleys N from the pendulous arm h, several times round a drum U, on the axis
of a pointer wheel O, and again round a drum V, on the axis of the dial D, to a
weight Q, suspended at the other end to keep it tight. These drutos have a helical
thread placed on them, to keep the chain in place as shown, and are of different
diameters, so as to adjust the travel of the pointer wheel to that of the dial. A pin
or other convenient stopping arrangement prevents the chain from slipping on the
pulleys or axes of the indicating apparatus, or gear chains can be used, and instead
of the chain going over both axes, the two axes can if desired be connected with
gearing instead of the chain, or the simpler arrangement shown in Fig. 6 and
hereafter described, can be used. The rod G' connecting the indicating apparatus
with the system of levers, is preferably hooked onto a shackle g suspended from
a ring g' or its equivalent on the knife edge h: The hooked suspension rod G' has
a second hook r, Figs. 3 and 5, below the one taking into the shackle or its
equivalent; below this second hook is a crank R and shaft R' worked by a hand-
wheel R; the shaft is locked in either position by pin catch R³. If the hand
wheel be turned, the crank is raised, and lifts the suspension rod G with the
mechanism by the lower hook, till the first or upper hook is lifted out of the
shackle, and thus all connection between the indicating apparatus and the platform
is cut off, but the platform is allowed to rest on its frame work, instead of on the
knife edge. To put the apparatus in gear, a single turn of the hand wheel carries
the crank round, and the latter carries the lower hook, lifts it and guides it, until
it leaves the first or upper hook in its shackle, and the crank leaves the lower hook,
and is then ready again for work.
The mode of action is as follows.
The apparatus being connected as above set forth, the empty cart is weighed, by
moving the tare weight, till a balance is effected. The tare weight is then clamped
or fixed in place, or can simply lie in its notch, and the filled cart is brought on to
the platform. The machine will now indicate, say the major weights by means
of the figure shown on the circular scale, and the minor weights, by the pointer
and radial, or curved scale, the pointers being so arranged on the pointer wheel,
that only one can point to the radial scale at once, but so that as one reaches the
scale the other is just leaving it.
In Fig. 6 a simpler arrangement is shown, lever h* instead of hanging down along
the side of the cistern, stands out opposite lever h', and carries the only dial there
is, while the chain is carried direct to the pointer wheel, and has therefore only
the friction of the pointer wheel to overcome; it can be a gear chain working on
a wheel, cast to shape, or an ordinary chain upon a drum with helix for it to coil
into, and fix to the drum at one point as desired. T is a weight to counter-
balance the dial P. S is a stationary pointer pointing to the outer scale, where
the large weights are read off, while the curved and more horizontal scales show
the small weights, by means of the pointers on wheel O. It will be noticed that
this is practically the same idea as the first described arrangement, for.round the
large dial in Fig 5 a series of large weights are shown. In that case the figure in
the circumferential scale, at the end of the more radial scale to which the pointer
points is first read off; then the small weight to which the pointer is pointing on
the more radial scale.
Having now described my invention and the best mode known to me of
carrying it into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I believe to be new
and desire to protect under the Letters Patent is:—
The manufacture of weighing machines with the various improvements herein

page_text: Bet forth, constructed, arranged, and combined substantially as herein described―
also the following combinations taken separately:
1st. The system of levers with diagonal lever connecting them with the indicating
apparatus, arranged and constructed substantially as described.
2nd. The counterpoise consisting of an immersed box or cylinder oscillating
over a fixed piston so as to form a water cushion, substantially as described.
3rd. The cistern with cover and narrow slot formed in the base of a weighing
machine, substantially as and for the purposes described.
4th. The indicating apparatus consisting of dial and finger wheel or its mechanical
equivalent, arranged so that the finger wheel shall show the small weights,
and the movement of the dial the larger weights, substantially as described.
5th The relieving apparatus for taking the weight off the levers when the machine
is not being used, substantially as described.
6th. The arrangement of levers and mechanism, substantially as set forth in Fig. 6,
for the purposes described.
In witness whereof I, the said Eugen Wölner have hereunto set my hand and
seal this fifteenth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.