IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING OR MAKING UP BAGS OR SACKS FOR SHIPMENT.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Laird, the younger, of the Firm of William
Laird and Company, Manufacturers, of the Town and County of
Forfar, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING
OR MAKING UP BAGS OR SACKS FOR SHIPMENT.'
Sealed the 2nd October 1874, and dated the 23rd April 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Laird at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd April 1874.
I, JOHN LAIRD, the younger, of the Firm of William Laird and
Company, Manufacturers, of the Town and County of Forfar, Nortlı
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING OR MAKING UP BAGS OR SACKS FOR SHIPMENT," to be
as follows, that is to say:--
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the packing or in
the making up of bags for shipment, has for its object to economise the

page_text: space occupied by any given number of bags, to render the same more
portable, and thereby to diminish the cost or freight of transport.
The Invention by which the foregoing objects are effected is a develop-
ment of the system or mode of manufacturing bags or sacks for which
Letters Patent have been previously granted to the said John Laird, the
younger, and William Rutherford, dated respectively 29th October 1873,
No. 3508, and 23rd February 1874, No. 671, by which system or mode
of manufacturing bags or sacks the said bags or sacks are produced in
quantities so that several bags or sacks form a piece or continuous web
of cloth in which state the bags or sacks are finished.
Hitherto in packing bags for shipment each bag is finished separately,
and several of them in that state are put together in square or oblong
bundles, after which they are baled, and 'owing to the separation of the
bags in that condition they cannot be packed so closely together, and
therefore occupy considerably more room than if in a web form as taken
from a calender or mangle.
The present Invention then consists in packing bags or sacks for
shipment by rolling or folding the web constituting the bags or sacks in
the web or piece as it comes from the calender or mangle into a round
or drum-shaped piece or bolt, or into a flat or oblong package, this being
effected after the ordinary manner, and by the means usually employed
for rolling or lapping webs of woven fabric.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Laird in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd October 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM. THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LAIRD, the younger, of the Firm of William Laird and Company,
Manufacturers, of the Town and County of Forfar, North Britain, send
greeting.
2

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the 37th
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Laird, Her special license that
I, the said John Laird, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Laird, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING
OR MAKING UP BAGS OR SACKS FOR SHIPMENT," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Laird, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Laird, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :-
My said Invention, which relates to improvements in the making up
or packing of bags or sacks for shipment, has for its object to economisc
the space occupied by any given number of bags, to render the same
more portable, and thereby to diminish the cost or freight of transport,
also the import duty.
The Invention by which the foregoing objects are effected is a
development of the system or mode of manufacturing bags or sacks for
which Letters Patent have been previously granted to the said John
Laird the younger and William Rutherford, No. 3508, A.D., 1873, by
which system or mode of manufacturing bags or sacks the said bags or
sacks are produced in quantities, so that several bags or sacks form a
piece or continuous web of cloth, in which state the bags or sacks are
finished.

page_text: Hitherto in packing bags for shiptment each bag is finished separately,
and several of them are put together in that separate state, so as to form
square or oblong bundles, after which they are baled, and owing to the
separation of the bags in that condition they cannot be packed so closely
together, and therefore occupy considerably more room than they
would if in a web form as taken from a calender or mangle in a finished
state.
The present Invention then consists in packing bags or sacks for
shiptment by rolling or folding the web or piece constituting the bags or
sacks into a round or drum-shaped piece or bolt, or into a flat or oblong
package as the said web or piece leaves the calender or mangle in a
finished state, the rolling or folding operation being effected after the
ordinary manner, and by the means usually employed for rolling and
lapping webs of woven fabric.
The appended Sheet of Drawings contains an illustration of one
method of carrying out my said Invention, Figure 1 on the said Sheet
being an end view of a roll of web which has been woven so as to
constitute a number of bags or sacks (as set forth in the previous Specifi-
cation pursuant to Letters Patent granted to the said John Laird, the
younger and William Rutherford, No. 3508, A.D., 1873), the said web
being divided into any number of bags or sacks by lines and crossings a
of solid interweaving of the double web into strong single cloth, as shewn
more particularly at Figure 2, which is a view of the roll of web at right:
angles to Figure 1.
It is to be understood that the double web constituting the bags or
sacks may be divided by any greater or less number of lines and crossings
of solid interweaving than that shewn on the Drawings, and instead of
the said web being packed in a cylindrical or drum shaped form, as.
shewn on the Drawings, it may be tightly folded or wound into a square,
polygonal, flat, or oblong shape.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe
in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is, the packing or making up of sacks or bags for shipt-

page_text: ment by rolling, folding, or lapping the continuous web constituting
the same into cylindrical, square, polygonal, flat, or oblong shaped bolts
or packages, whereby space is economised and the cost of transport
diminished, substantially as herein-before described and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Laird, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of October One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-four.
"
JOHN LAIRD, Y³. (L.S.)