Improvements in Velocipedes and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 25th Aug., 1890--Accepted, 27th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Velocipedes and other Road Vehicles.
I, GEORGE SINGER, of Alma Street, Coventry in the County of Warwick, Cycle
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention refers to improved means whereby better provision than heretofore
is made for securing rubber tyres to wheels of velocipedes and other road vehicles,
and for this purpose I introduce into the tyre, either after or during the manufacture,
a coiled or twisted spring wire, as hereafter described.
These spring wires are formed of a plain piece of steel wire which at intervals is
coiled or bent over itself and laid in the same plane and on opposite sides alternately
of the length of the wire, and by this means some degree of elasticity is obtained
lengthways so that after being made into a ring somewhat smaller than the hollow
shaped rim of the wheel, it may be sprung over the edge of the rim and then return
to its normal size. The tyre through which it has been previously passed is thus
retained in its place in the hollow shaped rim.
The wire is made of steel or other metal capable of forming a spring and I
obtain the required elasticity in its length by forming upon it a series of small coil
springs. These coils are made either along the whole length or on only part of it.
They are made at intervals of from half an inch and upwards and there may be
one or more coils upon the wire at each point according to the degree of elasticity
required.
The tyre is composed of a rubber cord having a small hole through its length
either in its centre or about 1 inch from the outside. This hole is made either
round, oval, or of any other shape, the size of the hole being made to suit the size of
the coils upon the wire. The length of the rubber cord is rather greater than the
circumference of the wheel. The spring wire is drawn through the hole in the tyre,
the coils being arranged to lie with their flat sides upwards and downwards so
that they may present a larger surface on the side the tyre is pressed upon the rim of
the wheel.
The ends of the wire are joined by looping two or more of the coils together or
by twisting the ends of the wire together or by any convenient method by which the
ends of wire are usually joined.
The tyre is then sprung upon the rim of the wheel either by hand or by using
mechanical means to stretch the wire through the contraction of the coils.
Instead of a wire with coils throughout its length I sometimes use a plain wire or
a twisted wire to which I attach a coiled wire having somewhat larger coils, a length
of about one foot being so coiled, and I apply the tyre in a similar manner to that
already described.
The coiled wire may be placed in the tyre during the process of manufacture
and in the case of tyres for carriage wheels I prefer to adopt this course.
For vehicles, the coils are made larger and as the flat side, of these press upon the
tyre the tendency to cut the rubber, and of the rubber moving in the wire is removed,
the rubber being embedded in the coils of the wire.
Dated this 26th day of November 1889.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Velocipedes and other Road Vehicles.
I GEORGE SINGER of Alma Street, Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Cycle
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention refers to improved means whereby better provision than heretofore
is made for securing rubber tyres to wheels of velocipedes and other road vehicles,
and for this purpose I introduce into the tyre either after or during the manufacture a
coiled or twisted spring wire as hereafter described.
In order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effect
I will describe same by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 shows in plan a piece of wire coiled or bent for the purposes of my
invention.
Figure 2 is an elevation showing the coils double.
Figure is an elevation showing a single coil with the two ends of the wire twisted
together to join same.
Figure 4 shows a wire coil with the centres of the latter being in a straight line
with the wire.
Figure 5 shows a similar piece of wire to that illustrated at Fig. 4 inserted in the
central aperture of a piece of rubber tyre, and
Figure 6 is a side elevation partly in section drawn to a smaller scale than the
previous figures of a velocipede wheel showing in diagram how the wire would appear
when inserted in the tyre in the rim of the wheel.
These spring wires are formed of à plain piece of steel wire A which at intervals is
coiled or bent over itself as shown at B and preferably laid in the same plane and
on opposite sides alternately of the length of the wire, as best seen at Figures 1 and 3
and by this means some degree of elasticity is obtained lengthways so that after
being made into a ring somewhat smaller than the hollow shaped rim of the wheel,
it may be sprung over the edge of the rim and then return to its normal size.
rubber tyre through which it has been previously passed is thus retained in its place
in the hollow shaped rim C of the wheel.
The
The wire is made of steel or other metal capable of forming a spring and I obtain
the required elasticity in its length by forming upon it a series of a small coil springs
as before described. These coils B are made either along the whole length or on
only part of it. They are made at intervals of from half an inch upwards and there
may be one or more coils upon the wire as shown at Fig. 2 at each point according
to the degree of elasticity required and the coils may be made central with the wire
as at Figure 4 or otherwise.
The tyre is composed of a rubber cord having a small hole through its length
either in its centre or about 3 inch from the outside. This hole is made either
round, oval, or of any other shape, the size of the hole being made sufficiently large
to allow the coils B (upon the wire) being pulled through by a moderate degree of
force. The length of the rubber cord is rather greater than the circumference of the
wheel. The spring wire is drawn through the hole in the tyre, the coils B being
preferably arranged to be with their flat sides upwards and downwards as shown
best at Figure 5 so that they may present a larger surface on the side the tyre is
pressed upon the rim of the wheel.
The ends of the wire are joined by looping two or more of the coils together or
by twisting the ends of the wire together or by any convenient method by which the
ends of wire are usually joined.
The tyre wired as before described is then sprung upon the rim of the wheel either
by hand or by using mechanical means to stretch the wire through the contraction
of the coils.
The coiled wire may be placed in the tyre during the process of manufacture and
in case of tyres for carriage wheels I prefer to adopt this course.

page_text: For vehicles the coils are made larger and as the flat sides of these press upon the
tyre the tendency to cut the rubber and of the rubber moving on the wire is removed
the coils of the wire being embedded in the rubber.
I am aware that a wire core in an elastic tyre is not new.
That an elastic tyre having a wavy or serpentine spring wire moulded into the
tyre is not new.
That an elastic wheel tyre composed of a tubular rubber a corrugated or wavy
spring wire drawn through the rubber tube and the ends of said wire joined the rubber
being under compression lengthwise upon the wire is not new.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is:
An elastic rubber tyre having a wire coiled or bent over itself at intervals and laid
in the aperture in the tyre substantially as set forth.
Dated is 25th day
August LOGO.
GEORGE SINGER.
By Brewer & Son,
33, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.