Improvements in or relating to Means or Apparatus for Dyeing Yarns, Piece-goods, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 10th Sept., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Means or Apparatus for Dyeing
Yarns, Piece-goods, and the like.
I SAM SMITHSON of Brights Cottage Heckmondwike, in the County of York,
Drysalter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in means or apparatus for dyeing yarns,
piece-goods, and the like, and its objects are first, to prevent the yarns, piece-goods
and the like coming in contact with the dyewood or other dyeing material; and
second, to prevent any of the dyewood or material used in the process of dyeing
escaping from the machine into the drains or river, and thereby becoming a
nuisance by polluting the same.
In the drawings
Fig. 1. is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 2. a plan of a machine constructed
according to my invention.
A, A are the sides, B B¹ the ends, and C the bottom of the machine or apparatus
which are arranged and bolted or otherwise fixed together to form a square,
rectangular, or other shaped tank (hereafter termed the tank) of any suitable
length, width, and depth. The sides, ends, and bottom of the tank may be made of
wood, iron, or other suitable material, or of wood lined with say copper or other
suitable metallic lining.
The tank is divided transversely between the ends B, B¹ into two (or more) com-
partments D and E of varying widths. The compartments are constructed as
follows:-namely, At a suitable distance from the bottom C of the tank is fixed
a false bottom F (which may be made of wood or other suitable material) and
the end portions G G¹ are carried up to within a suitable distance of the top of
the tank. The sides A form the sides of the compartment D, and also the ends
of the compartment E. The end portions G G are arranged respectively to
slightly lean towards the ends B, B₁ of the tank, but at varying distances therefrom.
The orifice or opening between the end B and end portion G is closed by a
cover H, and immediately under this cover is or are placed any desired number of
louvres I, four of which are shown in the drawings. Into the space between the
end and end portion G is passed a steam pipe J provided with a valve J¹,
which is carried down to within a convenient distance of the bottom C when it
is bent at a right angle, or nearly so, to the sides A. The bent portion is made
to extend across the tank parallel, or nearly so, with the end B and also with the
bottom C; and its upper surface is perforated with one or more rows of holes, two
rows are shown in the drawings. The purpose of the louvres I and steam pipe J
will be described hereafter.
The end portion G₁ may be made of wood, zinc, iron, copper, or other suitable
material, and it is made in two portions, hinged together at g as shown at Fig. 1,
and it forms one of the walls or sides of the smaller compartment E. The opposite
wall or side G", and bottom G¹ may be formed in one or two portions, and when
formed say of copper, may be made in one piece and bent to shape. The bottom G!!!
is made narrower than the space between the end portion G₁ and end B¹ to permit
of the side G¹ being inclined towards the said end B' for forming a space between
the bottom G and end B¹ as shown. The parts marked G¹ G and G of the
compartment are perforated with any desired number of holes of suitable size and
shape. K and L are rollers of ordinary construction over which the material O to
be dyed is passed. To the roller K a rotary motion may be given from any suitable
source of power through pulley M.

page_text: The dyeing operation is as follows:-
The compartment E having being filled with dyewood or other suitable material,
the compartment D is then filled with water and steam admitted through pipe J
into that portion of the space N which is situated between the end B and end
portion G. The injection of steam causes the water in the compartment D to be
drawn, as shown by arrows, through the perforations of the walls G¹ G" and
bottom G of the compartment E and the dyewood or other material contained
therein, into space N and returned to the compartment D through louvres I. By
this means a constant circulation of the water from compartment D through the
dyeing material space N and louvres I may be maintained. The yarn, piece goods,
or other material O to be dyed is placed in the compartment D, and after its ends
have been passed over the rollers K and L and fastened together in the usual way,
may by the rotation of the roller K be kept passing through the dye water or liquor
without coming in contact with the dyeing agent. By the herein described means
the yarn, piece goods, or other material may be more evenly dyed than when
operated upon by a machine or apparatus of the usual construction."
After the dyeing operation has been performed, the material operated upon may
be removed from the compartment D. The water may then be syphoned out
or removed from the compartment and space N in the usual manner without
any particles of the dyeing agent passing into the drains. The spent or used
dyewood or other material may then be removed by a spade from compartment E
by raising the lower part of the wall G¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion what I claim is :-
:―
->
1st. The arrangement and combination of tank, compartments, steam pipe, space,
louvres, and rollers substantially as herein before described, by means of which
yarn, piece-goods, and other materials may be dyed without coming in contact with
the dyeing agent, that is to say, the combination of a tank transversely divided"
into two (or more) compartments D and E having perforated walls (one of which
compartments contains the dyeing material while the other contains the water)
with a perforated steam pipe J for drawing the water from compartment D through
the dyeing agent in compartment E, into space N and returning it to compartment D
through louvres I, at the same time that the material O is being passed through the
dyeing liquor by the roller K.
2nd. The arrangement and combination of parts substantially as herein described
by means of which the dyeing material may be enclosed in a separate and perforated
compartment arranged within the tank without coming in contact with the yarn,
piece goods, or other material operated as and for the purposes set forth..
Dated the Third day of August 1892.
SAM SMITHSON,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.