Improvements in or connected with Unions or Connections between Tubes and Sockets or Tubular Parts.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date or Application, 7th Sept., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 23rd June, 1898-Accepted, 13th Aug., 1898
Improvements in or connected with Unions or Connections between
Tubes and Sockets or Tubular Parts.
I, FREDERICK ARTHUR ELLIS, of the Sylvan Works, Sylvan Grove, Old Kent
Road, London, S.E., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention refers to improvements in, or connected with, unions or con-
nections between tubes and sockets, or between tubes, and is particularly applic-
able for use in making the joints or connections between aluminium tubes and
parts for the framework of velocipedes, and other like vehicles, or structures.
According to my invention and by way of example as applied to a joint between
a tube say of aluminium and a projecting plug or socket of the bottom bracket
of a cycle, I reduce the end of the tube to form an internal shoulder, and I pro-
vide a tubular liner, preferably of steel, to be inserted within the tube. This
liner is shouldered externally and extends beyond the internal shoulder of the
tube, and when in position the shoulder of the liner rests against that of the
tube; the internal diameter of the liner is such that it fits tightly over the plug
or part to which the tube is to be connected.
Upon the exterior reduced end of the tube I fit a thimble or ring preferably
composed of steel, the ring being somewhat tapered externally, that is increasing
in diameter towards the end of the tube and the covered surface is screw-threaded
to receive a nut.
The outer ends of the liner, tube, and ring, are slotted for a suitable distance
longitudinally, and several of such slots may be cut extending from the outer
ends longitudinally for a proper distance in the direction of the axis of the parts.
Such slots may be formed by making saw cuts therein.
In making the connection I pass the end of the tube onto the plug or socket
and force the liner onto the plug, the ring being previously placed in position;
the nut is then screwed up and the ring, tube, and liner thereby contracted in size
and firmly held to the plug or socket aforesaid.
In some cases the liner may be internally screw threaded and screwed onto the
plug or socket, or the said liner may be divided longitudinally and be formed
with interior beads or projecting parts to take into or onto other parts upon the
plug or sockets.
The liner may be conveniently formed from steel tube the enlarged part being
produced by forming circular beads or enlargements in the body of the tube by
expanding the metal of same from the interior outwardly.
A pin may be provided passing through the thimble or ring, tube, liner and
socket or tube to which the tube is to be secured.
Doted this 7th day of September 1897

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Unions or Connections between
Tubes and Sockets or Tubular Parts.
I, FREDERICK ARTHUR ELLIS, of the Sylvan Works, Sylvan Grove, Old Kent
Road, London, S.E., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention refers to a special arrangement and combination of parts adapted
to mechanically connect tubes to sockets or plugs, and is particularly applicable
for use in making joints between aluminium tubes and brackets for the frame-
work of velocipedes and other like vehicles or structures.
I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings,
whereon Fig. 1 is a vertical section shewing my improved mechanical jointing
between an aluminium tube and the projecting plug of the bottom bracket, or
crank axle bearing sleeve of a velocipede. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the joint
shewn at Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line X Y of Fig. 1,
and Figs. 4 and 5 shew respectively vertical section, and horizontal section where
the liner hereafter described is divided and beaded.
According to my invention and by way of example as applied to a joint between
a tube A say of aluminium and a projecting plug B¹ of the bottom bracket, or
crank axle bearing sleeve B of a cycle, I first reduce the end of the tube A to
form an internal shoulder A', and I then provide a tubular liner C, preferably
of steel, to be inserted within the tube A. This liner is shouldered or beaded exter-
nally at CƠ and extends beyond the internal shoulder A¹ of the tube A, and
when in position the shoulder of the liner C rests against that of the tube A; the
internal surface of the liner C where it takes over the plug B₁ is formed with a
screw thread, which may be conveniently made by rolling after the manufacture
of the liner C, and the external surface of the plug B' is screw threaded to receive
the screwed part of the liner C.
Upon the exterior reduced end of the tube A I fit a thimble or ring D prefer-
ably composed of steel, the ring being somewhat tapered externally, that is
increasing in diameter towards the end of the tube A and the conical surface is
screw-threaded to receive a nut E.
The outer ends of the liner C, tube A, and ring D, are slotted for a suitable dis-
tance longitudinally, and several of such slots, say three in each part, may be cut
extending from the outer ends longitudinally for a proper distance in the direction
of the axis of the parts. Such slots may be formed by saw cuts.
In effecting the connection of the tube to the socket or plug, I firstly pass the
liner C down the tube A until the shoulder C¹ bears against the internal
shoulder A¹ of the tube A, and I then place the conical ring D on to the reduced
end of the tube A, the nut being screwed upon the ring near its upper or smaller
ends. The parts thus fitted together are then applied to the externally screwed
plug B to which the tube A is to be connected and the ring is screwed into the
outer end of the liner C. The nut E is then screwed down the conical plug D and
the latter is contracted circumferentially together with the tube A, and the
liner C, upon the plug B¹ and the whole construction is held secure. If desired
before the nut E is screwed down, the structure may be drilled longitudinally and
a pin F passed through, as shewn at Fig. 1 and 3 although the employment of the
pin F is not absolutely essential.
In some cases as shewn at Figs. 4 and 5, instead of screw-threading the plug B¹,
I may form same as shewn with a circular groove to receive an internal circum-
ferential beading formed near the end of the liner C, the liner in such case not

page_text: being screw threaded. The longitudinal divisions at the end of the liner, the tube,
and ring allow of the bead of the liner passing over the socket into its place, and
upon the nut E being screwed down the whole structure is forced into position
and grips the plug BI as aforesaid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In mechanical unions or connections between plugs and tubes particularly
applicable for connections between aluminium tubes and brackets of velocipede
frames, the combination with a tube to be connected, an internal shoulder formed
in the tube, a steel tubular liner to fit into the end of the tube, an external shoulder
on the liner to abut above the internal shoulder on the tube, and an internal screw
thread in the end of the liner and longitudinally extending slots in the ends of the
liner and tube; of an externally screw threaded bracket plug on to which the
liner screws, a steel ring to fit externally over the reduced end of the tube formed
with a screwed conical external surface and longitudinally slotted, and a nut on
the conical threaded exterior of the ring, whereby upon the nut being screwed
down the ring, the end of the tube, and the end of the steel liner are contracted
and clamped firmly to the plug and rendered immovable thereon as set forth.
2. In mechanical unions or connections between plugs and tubes particularly
applicable for connections between aluminium tubes and brackets of velocipede
frames the combination of a tube having an internal shoulder near the end to be
connected and longitudinally slotted at such end, a steel liner fitted into the end
of the tube, a shoulder on the liner taking above the shoulder on the tube, the
external end of the liner being slotted longitudinally and screw threaded inter-
nally, and a steel ring to fit on to the end of the tube, the ring being slotted
longitudinally at its outer end, made conical externally, increasing in diameter
towards the end of the tube, and screw threaded on its coned surface, and a nut on
the screwed surface of the ring, an exteriorally screwed plug to pass into the liner
and on to which the latter is first screwed, then the nut screwed down to contract
the ring, the tube, and the liner, and clamp the combined parts together as set
forth.
3. In mechanical unions or connections between plugs and tubes, particularly
applicable for connections between aluminium tubes and brackets of velocipede
frames, the combination with a tube having an internal shoulder near the end
to be connected, and longitudinally slotted at such end, a steel liner fitted into the
end of the tube, beads on the liner to take above the shoulder of the tube the onter
end of the liner being longitudinally divided for a distance and beaded internally
at its end, a steel ring fitting on to the end of the tube the ring being conically
screw threaded exteriorally, longitudinally slotted at its end, and having a nut
by which the ring can be contracted; of a plug onto which the tube is to be fixed,
an annular groove in the plug to receive the internal bead of the liner, whereby
upon the nut being screwed down, the ring, the tube, and the liner are contracted
circumferentially and the combined parts are clamped together, substantially as
set forth.
Dated this 221 day of June 1900