A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Wilkes, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, and Thomas Wilkes, of Birmingham, aforesaid,
Manufacturer, and Gilbert Wilkes, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Manu-
facturer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wilkes, Thomas
Wilkes, and Gilbert Wilkes at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th May 1856.
We, JOHN WILKES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, and THOMAS WILKES, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Manufacturer, and
GILBERT WILKES, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF
ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS," to be as follows:-
In manufacturing the said rollers or cylinders according to our Invention,
we take a hollow cylinder, made by preferance of malleable iron, and we place
upon the said iron cylinder a hollow cylinder of copper, made by any convenient
process. We subject the said copper cylinder, with its inner cylinder of iron,
to a drawing process, similar to that by which metallic tubes are drawn. By
the said drawing process we elongate and reduce the diameter of the said

page_text: copper and iron cylinders, and also fix the said copper cylinder firmly upon the
said iron cylinder. By malleable iron, we mean that kind of cast iron which
is capable of being annealed, and which has been annealed or rendered malle-
able by being heated in contact with hæmatite or other oxide of iron. The
iron cylinder may, however, be made of ordinary wrought iron. The roller may
be fixed upon its axis in the ordinary manner. Rollers are made, according
to our Invention, more economically than by the ordinary method.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Wilkes, Thomas Wilkes, and Gilbert Wilkes in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
WILKES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS WILKES, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Manufacturer, and GILBERT
WILKES, of Birmingham, 'aforesaid, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Iler heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Wilkes, Thomas Wilkes, and Gilbert Wilkes, Her special licence that
we, the said John Wilkes, Thomas Wilkes, and Gilbert Wilkes, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Wilkes,
Thomas Wilkes, and Gilbert Wilkes, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW
OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ROLLERS OR CYLINDERS FOR PRINTING FABRICS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Wilkes, Thomas
Wilkes, and Gilbert Wilkes, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of
one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Wilkes, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists in manufacturing rollers or cylinders for printing
fabrics by drawing a hollow cylinder or tube of copper, or such other metal
or alloy as may be suitable for the manufacture of the said rollers, upon a hollow
cylinder or tube of wrought iron, malleable iron, or steel.
In carrying our Invention into effect, we take a hollow cylinder, made by
preference of malleable iron, and we place upon the said iron cylinder a hollow
cylinder or tube of copper. We subject the said copper cylinder with its inner
cylinder of iron to a drawing process, similar to that by which metallic tubes
are drawn. By the said drawing process we elongate and reduce the diameter
of the said copper and iron cylinders, and also fit the said copper cylinder firmly
upon the said iron cylinder.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents, in elevation and end
view, the iron hollow cylinder; and Figure 2 represents, in elevation and
end view, the hollow copper cylinder or tube. Figure 3 represents, in longi-
tudinal and transverse sections, the said iron and copper cylinders when the
latter has been drawn upon the former, according to our Invention. The iron
cylinder is marked a in the several Figures, and the copper cylinder is marked b
in the several Figures. We prefer to make a series of longitudinal grooves on
the iron cylinder, or otherwise indent or raise projections on the same, so that
when the copper cylinder is drawn upon the iron cylinder the copper may be
firmly attached to the iron cylinder, the said copper being forced into the grooves
in the iron cylinder, or the projections on the iron cylinder being made to
embed themselves in the copper cylinder. After the drawing process the copper
tube or cylinder is firmly fixed upon the iron cylinder. A nib c runs the whole
length of the interior of the iron cylinder. The said nib may be formed
separately, and attached by brazing or otherwise to the interior of the iron
cylinder. We prefer, however, to make the nib c of one piece with the tube a,
for which purpose we take a tube of sufficient thickness, and by cutting away the
interior leave the nib c the thickness of the metal, being reduced in every other
part. Instead of making the cylinder a of iron, we sometimes make the said
cylinder of steel.
When we use iron, we employ either the ordinary wrought
iron of commerce or malleable iron. By malleable iron, we mean that kind
of cast iron which is capable of being annealed, and which has been annealed
or rendered malleable by being heated in contact with hæmatite or other oxide
of iron. The roller is fixed upon the axis on which it turns when in use by the

page_text: nib c engaging in a groove in the said axis. Rollers or cylinders are made,
according to our Invention, more economically than by the ordinary method.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention; and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not limit
ourselves to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of our said Invention; but
we claim as our Invention the new or improved manufacture of rollers or
cylinders for printing fabrics, berein-before described, and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing; that is to say, drawing a tube of copper, or such other
metal or alloy as may be used for rollers or cylinders for printing fabrics,
upon a tube or cylinder of wrought or malleable iron or steel, so as to
firmly fix the said copper or outer cylinder upon the iron or inner cylinder, as
herein described.
に
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Wilkes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
THOMAS WILKES. (L.S.)