IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING OR GIVING A LUSTRE TO VELVETS AND OTHER CUT PILE FABRICS, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR
Year: 1884

page_text: We THOMAS SCHOFIELD and FREDERIC BARKER, both of Cornbrook, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING OR GIVING A LUSTRE TO VELVETS AND OTHER CUT
PILE FABRICS, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR, to be as follows :-
The object of our invention is to improve the machinery employed in the process
of finishing or imparting a lustre to velvets or other cut pile fabrics and thus to
expedite and simplify such process. According to the present process, a piece of
logwood or other suitable material which is called a peg and is about thirty inches
long and three inches wide by half an inch thick is planed up straight and true on
one edge, the sharp corners being nicely rounded off, so that the edge of the board
is in the form of a semicircle of half an inch diameter; this when fixed in a cast
iron clip, called the peg box, is worked backward and forward in the machine,
having a stroke or traverse of about thirteen inches.
As the cloth passes through the machine the peg is allowed to scrape or slide
over it during that half of the stroke running in a contrary direction to the course
of the cloth; but on the return half of the stroke it does not touch the fabric; this
rubbing or scraping the fabric always in the same direction gives it the required
lustre.
By our invention we obviate the difficulty and loss of time entailed by the
return stroke of the peg box, and govern with greater nicety the amount of
pressure or friction on the fabric; we are also enabled to scrape or peg the fabric
more frequently in a given time and wax and brush the fabric when necessary and
this we propose to accomplish by the use of a continuous rubbing motion, instead
of the to and fro motion at present in use.
On a metal frame is fitted in a horizontal position an adjustable planed metal
plate which takes the place of the ordinary plate over which the fabric passes;
this plate is fitted underneath with an arrangement of screws and levers by which
either end may be raised or lowered at pleasure in order to vary the amount of
friction or finish on the cloth; over the centre of this adjustable plate is fixed a
horizontal shaft carried by two metal standards, one at each side of the frame; on
each end of this shaft are keyed or secured spider wheels each having an equal
Ping G71

page_text: number of arms; to each of these arms is fixed a lever which is allowed to slide or
move to or from the centre of the shaft by a simple parallel motion; near the inner
end of each of these levers is fitted a bowl or guide each of which runs in a guiding
slot or groove in plates secured one on each side of the machine; to the outer
ends of the levers the peg boxes are coupled, stretching across from one side of the
machine to the other.
The bowls or guides running in the slots or cams impart a peculiar motion to
the peg boxes as the latter revolve, as for about three fourths of a revolution their
motion is circular, another portion, that in which the pegs work on the cloth
passing over the metal plate is in a straight line, and the remainder is in curves of
short radius to give the change from a straight to a circular motion.
By this arrangement we are enabled to strike or peg the fabric much more
frequently than can be accomplished by the old machine; also in place of pegs we
may fix a wax-box or brush on any of the arms of the spider wheels, and by the
improved arrangement for raising or lowering the metal plate, the friction or finish
put on the fabric may be governed to the greatest nicety.
D
THOMAS SCHOFIELD.
FREDERIC BARKER.
H. B. Barlow,
Agent for Applicants.
We THOMAS SCHOFIELD and FREDERIC BARKER, both of Cornbrook, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING OR GIVING A LUSTRE TO VELVETS AND OTHER CUT
PILE FABRICS, AND IN THE MACHINERY THEREFOR, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of our Invention is to improve the machinery employed in the
process of finishing or imparting a lustre to velvets or other cut pile fabrics, and
thus to expedite and simplify such process.
According to the present process a piece of logwood or other suitable material
which is called a peg and is about thirty inches long and three inches wide by half
an inch thick is planed up straight and true on one edge, the sharp corners being
nicely rounded off, so that the edge of the board is in the form of a semicircle of
half an inch diameter; this when fixed in a cast iron clip called the peg box is
worked backward and forward in the machine having a stroke or traverse of
about thirteen inches: as the cloth passes through the machine the peg is allowed
to scrape or slide over it during that half of the stroke running in a contrary
direction to the course of the cloth, but on the return half of the stroke it does not
touch the fabric; this rubbing or scraping the fabric always in the same direction
gives it the required lustre.

page_text: By our invention we obviate the difficulty and loss of time entailed by the
return stroke of the peg box, and govern with greater nicety the amount of
pressure or friction on the fabric; we are also enabled to scrape or peg the fabric
more frequently in a given time and wax and brush the fabric when necessary and
this we propose to accomplish by the use of a continuous rubbing motion instead of
the to and fro' motion at present in use.
On a metal frame is fitted in a horizontal position an adjustable planed metal
plate, which takes the place of the ordinary plate over which the fabric passes;
this plate is fitted underneath with an arrangement of screws and levers by which
either end may be raised or lowered at pleasure in order to vary the amount of
friction or finish on the cloth; over the centre of this adjustable plate is fixed a
horizontal shaft carried by two metal standards, one at each side of the frame; on
each end of this shaft are keyed or secured spider wheels each having an equal
number of arms: to each of these arms is fixed a lever which is allowed to slide or
move to or from the centre of the shaft by a simple parallel motion: near the
inner end of each of these levers is fitted a bowl or guide each of which runs in
a guiding slot or groove in plates secured one on each side of the machine; to the
outer ends of the levers the peg boxes are coupled, stretching across from one side
of the machine to the other. The bowls or guides running in the slots or cams
impart a peculiar motion to the peg boxes as the latter revolve, as for about three-
fourths of a revolution their motion is circular, another portion that in which the
pegs work on the cloth passing over the metal plate is in a straight line, and the
remainder is in curves of short radius to give the change from a straight to a
circular motion.
By this arrangement we are enabled to strike or peg the fabric much more
frequently than can be accomplished by the old machine; also in place of pegs we
may fix a wax box or brush on any of the arms of the spider wheels and by the
improved arrangement for raising or lowering the metal plate the friction or
finish put on the fabric may be governed to the greatest nicety.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect we will proceed to describe the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 an end view of a machine for finishing
velvets or other cut pile fabrics to which our improvements are applied. Fig. 3 is
a side view and Fig. 4 an end view of part of the machine and Fig. 5 is an end
view of the peg box.
The velvet or other cut pile fabric a is conducted in the ordinary manner to an
adjustable metal plate or table b over which it passes and on which it is pegged,
thus receiving the requisite finish or lustre: the plate b is fitted in the frame c and
carried at one end on blocks which may be adjusted by the screws d: the other
end of the plate may be raised or lowered by means of the levers e fixed on the
cross shaft to which is also secured the hand lever g connected by the rod g¹ to
the weighted lever g², pivoted near the bottom of the machine: is the horizontal
shaft carried by the two standards i¹ upon which are fixed the two spider wheels j,
each having eight arms, to each arm of which is hinged by means of the links j¹
the lever j provided on the inner end with the bowl or guide and on the outer
end with a screwed shank to hold the peg boxes, one of which is shewn at Fig. 5:
fixed to the frame, one on either side of the machine, are two plates in which are
the eccentric grooves for the bowls : the peg boxes m with the pegs n are
secured to the outer screwed ends of the levers 7 and adjusted by locknuts parallel
with the shaft i.
The driving pulley o is secured to the stud o¹, on which is also fixed the
pinion o which gears into and drives the wheel q, secured to the shaft i.
When motion is imparted to the shaft i and the spider wheels j rovolve, the peg
boxes m also revolve and for about three-fourths of a revolution their motion is
circular until the pegs n approach the fabric on the adjustable plate b when the
bowls & running in the eccentric grooves l¹ by a curve of short radius change the

page_text: circular motion of the peg boxes into a straight or horizontal movement causing
the pegs n to work on the fabric until the bowls guide the peg boxes by
another curve of short radius and cause them to resume their circular motion.
In place of hinging or linking the levers j2 to the arms of the wheels; they
might be fitted in slides in the arms. Instead of peg boxes, wax boxes or brushes
may be fixed to the levers j' if desired.
In order to regulate the amount of friction on the fabric we increase or diminish
as required the weights on the lever g² which raise the table b into contact with
the pegs n.
After the fabric leaves the adjustable plate b, it may be acted on by brushes and
treated in the usual manner and passes to the roller r where it is batched.
We would have it understood that we do not limit ourselves to the exact details
given as the same may be varied or modified without departing from the nature of
our Invention which consists chiefly in pegging the velvet or other cut pile fabric
continuously instead of intermittently as at present and thus avoiding the loss of
time entailed by the return stroke of the peg box.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
We declare that what we claim is-
1. The combination of parts forming our improved machine for finishing or
giving a lustre to velvets and other cut pile fabrics, substantially as herein shown
and described.
2. In machines for finishing velvets and other cut pile fabrics, pegging the
fabric continuously, and the mechanism for effecting the same, substantially as and
for the purposes herein shown and described.
THOMAS SCHOFIELD.
FREDERIC BARKER.
H. B. Barlow,
Agent for Applicants,
4, Mansfield Chambers,
17, St. Ann's Square, Mancheste