IMPROVEMENTS IN BALE TIES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALE TIES." A communi-
cation from abroad by Frederic Cook and Henry Shaw, both of the United
States of America.
Sealed the 30th August 1878, and dated the 16th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1878.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVEMENTS IN
BALE TIES." A communication from abroad by Frederic Cook and Henry Shaw,
both of the United States of America.
The Invention consists, first, in a locking bar, hinged or otherwise, attached to
one end of a band or hoop in a manner whereby the free end of said bar may be
moved away from the edge of the band to allow the end of the bar to be inserted
through loops formed on the opposite ends of the band when arranged side by side,
whereby the strain on the band is exerted on opposite ends and sides of the locking
bar, and the latter retained against displacement by reason of its hinged attachment
to one end of the band.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie consisting essentially of a locking bar
attached to one end of the band by hinges or swivel connection in such a manner
that it may have both sliding and swinging movements imparted thereto, whereby
the free end of said bar may be moved away from the edge of the band end to
which it is attached, and allow both loops, which are to be made on the band, to be
secured side by side by means of the locking bar passing through said loops. The
sliding movement of the locking bar allows its free end to seat firmly against the
loop formed on the end of the band to which the bar is attached, and thus receive
the longitudinal strain exerted on the band.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie consisting essentially of a locking bar
provided with a slotted angular brace which receives one end of the band, the slot

page_text: in said brace being of sufficient length to allow of the lateral movement of the
band therein, whereby the free end of the locking bar may be swung away from
the edge of the band, and allow said bar to be passed through both loops of the
band when the same are arranged side by side.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie adapted to be adjustably secured to:
one end of the band by means of a diagonal brace, the latter constructed and fixed
by hinges or swivel joint in such a manner that it will bite on both edges of the
band when strain is exerted on the locking bar by the looped ends of the band, the
latter being arranged side by side.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie consisting of a locking bar provided 1
with a diagonal brace, the latter adapted to be attached to any portion of the band,
and secured against displacement by moving the locking bar toward the edge of
the band. The various parts may be made of metal.
The bands being like those in present use, excepting the loops, which may bo
fashioned where desired, the locking bar may be square, circular, or oval, or other 1
shape in section.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
September 1878.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN
BALE TIES." A communication from abroad by Frederic Cook and Henry Shaw,
both of the United States of America.
•
The Invention consists, first, in a locking bar attached to one end of a band or
hoop in a manner whereby the free end of said bar may be moved away from the
edge of the band to allow the end of the bar to be inserted through the loops on
the opposite ends of the band when arranged side by side, whereby the strain on
the band is exerted on opposite ends and sides of the locking bar, and the latter
retained against displacement by reason of its attachment to one end of the band.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie consisting essentially of a locking bar
attached to one end of the band in such a manner that it may have both sliding
and swinging movements impart thereto, whereby the free end of said bar may
be moved away from the edge of the band end to which it is attached, and allow
both loops of the band to be secured side by side by means of the locking bar
passing through said loops. The sliding movement of the locking bar allows its
free end to seat firmly against the loop formed on the end of the band to which the
bar is attached, and thus receive the longitudinal strain exerted on the band.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie consisting essentially of a locking bar
provided with a slotted angular brace which receives one end of the band, the slot
in the said brace of sufficient length to allow of the lateral movement of the band
therein, whereby the free end of the locking bar may be swung away from the edge

page_text: of the band, and allow said bar to be passed through both loops of the band when
the same are arranged side by side.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie adapted to be adjustably secured to
one end of the band by means of a diagonal brace, the latter constructed in such a
imanner that it will bite on both edges of the band when strain is exerted on the
locking bar by the looped ends of the band, the latter being arranged side by side.
The Invention further consists in a bale tie consisting of a locking bar provided
with a diagonal brace, the latter adapted to be attached to any portion of the band,
and secured against displacement by moving the locking bar toward the edge of
the band.
The Invention further consists in the several details of construction, as will more
fully appear from the following description and claims.
In the accompanying Drawings,
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the improved tie in position for securing the looped ends
of the band.
Fig. 2 represents the position of the tie before the required strain has been
exerted thereon.
Fig. 3 shows the position of the tie and bands when secured to a balo.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of tie provided with an open slotted diagonal brace in
position for receiving the ends of the bands.
Fig. 5 shows the tie with locking Lar inserted in the loop of the band.
Fig. 6 is the tie complete.
Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 are modifi-
cations.
A and B are the looped ends of a bale band; C is a bale tie consisting of a
locking bar D and diagonal brace E made of cast or wrought metal as desired.
The locking bar D is provided with a head a to prevent the lateral displacement of.
said bar when the bands are secured. The diagonal brace E is formed with a slot F,
which is of greater length than the width of the band. The end walls b, b, of
slot F are preferably formed at right angles to the length of the brace E, as repre-
sented in the Drawing. The object in forming the walls b, b, at right angles to the
length of the brace E is that when the locking bar is inserted through the looped
ends A, B, it will not seat itself fairly in the loop A of the band end to which the
brace is attached before the pressure is released from the bale, but will rest on a
slight inclination, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. When the locking bar is in this
position it will be observed that the sharp biting edges of the walls b, b, of slot F
rest against the edges of the band.
When pressure is released from the bale and the strain due to the expansive force
of the compressed cotton is exerted on the tie, the locking bar is drawn down singly
in the looped end A, and the biting edges of the walls b, b, imbed themselves in the
edges of the band, as shown in Fig. 3, thus firmly securing the diagonal brace
against any movement on the band end to which it is attached. This form of
tie secures the maximum strength of the metal employed in the construction of
the tie.
The diagonal brace receives the strain exerted on one of the band ends, and as
the brace is firmly locked to the opposite end of the band the latter receives the
full strain. Hence the strength of the tio is dependent only on the strength of the
bale bands employed.
It is evident that the angle or form of the walls b, b, may be changed and still
accomplish the desired result, and hence we do not limit ourselves to the exact
construction shown and described, as the Invention consists broadly in the diagonal
brace provided with a slot, the end walls of which are adapted to bite the edges of
the band when the tie is locked on the bale.
In Fig. 4, A and B are the band ends; D represents the locking bar provided
with a diagonal brace E. Locking bar D is preferably formed with an enlarged
end b, which serves to prevent the lateral movement of said bar when it is secured
in place on the bale. Diagonal brace E is provided with the hooks a, e, between
:

page_text: •
which there is sufficient space to allow the brace to be attached to any part of a
band. A represents one end of a band. The brace E is attached to the band end A
by turning said brace at or nearly at right angles with the band, and then inserting
the band between the hooks d, e, as represented in Fig. 4; when the locking bar is
turned towards the edge of the band, as illustrated in Fig. 5, it operates to change
the relative position of the hooks and edges of the band to such an extent that the
hooks a, e, serve to secure the brace to the band.
The locking bar D is adapted to be inserted through the loops A, B, when
arranged side by side, as illustrated in Fig. 6, and thus effectually secure both ends
of the band.
It will be observed that a portion of the strain exerted on the loop B is sustained
by the diagonal brace which bears on the further edge of the opposite loop A. This
action of the strain serves to keep the brace in its proper position, and when the tie
is secured, as shown in Fig. 6, it is impossible to detach the diagonal brace from the
band without first releasing the locking bar from the looped ends A, B.
Our improved form of tie is adapted to be readily secured to any portion of the
band without the necessity of passing the looped end of the same through a slot
formed in the tie, and the very movement required to lock the opposite looped ends
of the band together also serves to lock the diagonal brace securely to the band.
The end walls b, b, of the open slot in the diagonal brace are adapted to bite.
on the edges of the band when the tie is secured on the bale, as represented in
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 represents a modification. In this instance the tie is preferably formed of
wrought iron, and the diagonal brace E provided with the raised lips b² which
overlap the edges of the band when the tie is secured, and thus prevent the lateral
displacement of the brace from the end of the band; when the tie is locked in place
the diagonal brace is firmly wedged to the band at the points b, b.
Fig. 8 also illustrates another modified form of construction embodying our
Invention. The diagonal brace E is formed with the V shaped band slots g. When
the brace is turned at right angles to the band there is sufficient space between said
slots to admit of the band between the same; and when the locking bar A is swung
toward the edge of the band the portions b of the band adjacent to said slots
overlap the edges of the band and retain the same in place. The V shaped slots g
cause the diagonal brace to become firmly wedged to the band when the locking
bar is inserted in the loops on both ends of the band.
Figs. 9, 10, and 11 represent a cast metal cotton bale tie embodying our Invention,
said tie being formed without coring in the process of casting. In this instance the
locking bar D is formed with side flanges i which lead from the lower edges of the
outer end of said locking bar to a point near its centre, where they extend to the
upper edge of the bar in a diagonal direction, and from thence to the slotted portion
of the diagonal brace E. The outer end of the locking bar is provided with an
enlarged shouldered head b¹. The upper end of the diagonal brace is formed without
the necessity of coring by locating the bars j without the same vertical plane, so
that a diagonal slot is formed, and hence the coring is effected by the sand in the
process of molding. The end walls b, b, of the diagonal slot are located at right
or acute angles to the length of the brace in order that the edges of said walls may
bite on the edges of the band when the tie is secured in place.
Fig. 10 represents an edge view of the diagonal brace, and Fig. 11 a transverse
section of the locking bar shown in Fig. 9.
When the band ends are secured to the tie last described the strain is relieved
from the inner edges of the bands and transferred to the central portions thereof,
thus preventing the tearing or cutting of the bands, and enabling the latter to
withstand a greater strain than would be the case were the strain exerted on the
edges of the band. The web K is of sufficient width to impart the necessary
strength to sustain the transverse strain exerted on the bar D. The flanges i afford
a firm bearing for the band ends.
A bale tie constructed in accordance with the plan shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11,

page_text: is of very light weight and small first cast, as the metal is disposed in such a manner
as to secure its maximum strength, and as coring in casting is avoided the cost of
manufacture is considerably lessened thereby.
Fig. 12 represents a bale tie similar to that shown in Fig. 9, with the exception
of the locking bar D, which latter is provided with side flanges i forming reverse
curves on arcs of a circle 7, the object being to prevent any strain on either edges of
the opposite looped ends of the bands, but cause the strain to be exerted on the
central portions of the band.
Fig. 13 represents a wrought metal tie manufactured from oval wrought-iron
bars. The outer end of locking bar D is provided with a hook b¹ to prevent any
lateral movenient of the bar when the tie is secured on the bale. The diagonal
brace E is twisted at m, so that the slot may be formed in the widest portion of the
brace. The end walls b, b, are adapted to bite on the edges of the band when the
tie is locked on the bale.
Fig. 14 represents a wrought metal tie made of flat iron bars or bands. The
diagonal brace E is provided with an elongated slot to allow of the insertion of the
band. The ends b, b, of the slot are wedge-shaped in form, that the brace may be
securely interlocked with the band when the tie is locked in place.
Fig. 15 represents a tie made of round wrought iron, the locking bar D of which
is slightly bent at n in order that strain may be relieved from the inner edges of
the band. The diagonal brace E has a slot formed thereon for the insertion of the
band, and the walls b, b, of said slot bite on the edges of the band, the same as in
the form of ties heretofore described.
Fig. 16 represents a flat tie like that shown in Fig. 14, with the single exception
that the har or band of which it is composed is bent over on itself at o to form the
bend between the locking bar and diagonal brace.
Figs. 17, 18, and 19 represent a bale tie made either of cast or wrought metal of
U shape in cross section, as illustrated in Fig. 19. This form of tie insures grent
strength proportioned to the weight of metal employed. The side flanges p are of
sufficient width to sustain the required transverse strain, and the slot q in the
diagonal brace E is made through the central portion of the tie. The end walls b, b,
are formed with sharp edges in order that they will bite on the edges of the band
when the tie is secured in place.
Fig. 20 represents another modification embodying our Invention. In this form
of construction the diagonal brace E is provided with an elongated slot having end
walls b, b, which are adapted to bite on the edges of the band when the tie is locked
on the bale. The locking bar D is formed with side flanges i as herein-before
described, while the outer end of the bar D is provided with a hook r which
extends any desired distance beneath the band seat formed on the outer end of the
locking bar, and serves the purpose of rendering the displacement of the bar an
impossibility regardless, of the distortion of the diagonal brace due to excessive
strain exerted thereon.
Fig. 21 is another modification, wherein the locking bar D is constructed with a
diagonal strengthening brace 8, which extends from near the centre of the locking
bar to an arm t depending from the curved portion of the tie. u is a raised flango
formed at the juncture of the braces and arm t. The outer end of the locking bar
is provided with a depending flange z. It will be observed that the looped end A.
is held securely in place by means of the slot in the diagonal brace E and the
flange V on the locking bar, while the looped end B is also prevented from twisting
the bar owing to the flange n engaging the side of said end at a point below its seat
on the locking bar. This form of construction serves to impart additional transverse
strength to the locking bar, and as it effectually counteracts any tendency of the
twisting of said bar it is a valuable form of tie for withstanding heavy strains on
the band.
Fig. 22 is a view of a modified form of slot in the diagonal brace. Instead of the
brace being provided with walls b, b, as heretofore shown and described, the end
walls may be wedge-shaped or of equivalent form, asrepresented in the Drawing,

page_text: so that when the tie is secured in place on the bale, and pressure brought to bear
on the bale tie, the edges of the band will be firmly wedged or pinched within the
wedge-shaped slots formed in the diagonal brace.
The ties herein-before described may be made either of cast metal, wrought iron,
Bessemer, or other forms of steel, as may be found most expedient in practice.
From the foregoing it is evident that many different forms of ties provided with
closed or open slotted diagonal braces may he devised which will embody the
spirit of our Invention, and hence we do not limit ourselves to any particular form
of tie.
Having fully described our Invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure
by Letters Patent is,―
1st. In a cotton bale tie a locking bar, one end of which is connected to one end
of the band in such a manner that the free end of the said bar may be moved away
from the edge of the band to allow the bar to be inserted through the loops on
opposite ends of the band when said loops are arranged side by side, substantially
as set forth.
2nd. In a cotton bale tie a locking bar, one end of which is provided with a brace
which is connected with one end of the band in such a manner that the brace may
have both sliding and rocking movements imparted thereto, whereby the free end
of the locking bar may be moved away from the edge of the band to allow the bar
to be inserted through the loops on opposite ends of the band when said loops are
arranged side by side, and the bar adapted to seat itself firmly in the looped end of
the band, substantially as set forth.
3rd. In a cotton bale tie a locking bar attached to one end of the band by a
brace having a slot formed therein of greater length than the width of the band,
whereby the locking bar can be moved either laterally or longitudinally, and when
the tie is secured the loop is secured within the slot against lateral displacement,
substantially as set forth.
4th. In a cotton bale tie a locking bar attached to one end of the band by a
slotted brace, whereby the twisting strain on the locking bar is sustained by a brace
located in the line of said strain, substantially as set forth.
5th. In a cotton bale tie a locking bar attached to one end of the band, and
adapted to have both lateral and longitudinal movements imparted thereto, said
locking bar formed with an enlarged head or end to prevent the lateral movement of
said bar after it has been secured in place, substantially as set forth.
6th. A bale tie, the locking bar of which is secured to the band by means of a
slotted diagonal brace, the end walls of which are formed to bite or pinch the edges
of the band when the tie is secured on the bale, substantially as set forth.
7th. A bale tie provided with a locking bar and diagonal brace, the latter having
a slot for the reception of the band, the end walls b, b, of said slot being formed
and adapted to bito the edges of the band when the bands are secured on the bale,
substantially as set forth.
8th. A bale tie consisting essentially of a locking bar provided with a diagonal
brace which is adapted to be attached to any portion of the band, and secured
against displacement by inserting the locking bar through the opposite loops of a
band when said loops are arranged side by side, substantially as set forth.
9th. A bale tie consisting essentially of a locking bar provided with a diagonal
brace which is furnished with hooks, lips, or projections, arranged to admit of the
band when the locking bar is swung outwardly, and to overlap the edges of the
band when the locking bar is inserted through the opposite loops of a band when
said loops are arranged side by side, substantially as set forth.
10th. A cast metal cotton bale tie, the locking bar of which is provided with
flanges extending diagonally across the central portion of the same, substantially as
set forth.
11th. A cast metal bale tie consisting of a locking bar and diagonal slotted brace,
the latter having a slot formed between the side bars located diagonally opposite
cach other, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 12th. A cast metal tie, the locking bar of which consists of a central web
strengthened by side flanges, while the slot in the diagonal brace is formed without
coring in the process of casting, substantially as set forth.
13th. A wrought metal cotton bale tie, consisting of the locking har and twisted
and slotted diagonal brace, substantially as set forth.
14th. A wrought metal cotton bale tie, consisting essentially of the locking bar
and slotted diagonal brace, the latter constructed of such form that the band may
lie parallel with the tie, substantially as set forth.
15th. A wrought metal cotton bale tie, consisting essentially in a locking bar and
diagonal brace formed of a single piece, the latter folded back upon itself to form a
loop for the end of the band, substantially as set forth.
16th. A wrought-iron cotton bale tie, consisting of a round rod iron tie having a
locking bar and slotted diagonal brace formed of a single piece of metal, substantially
as set forth.
17th. A wrought-iron cotton bale tie, the locking bar of which is provided with
a split end, substantially as set forth.
18th. A wrought-iron cotton bale tie, consisting of a slotted diagonal brace and
a locking bar, the latter being bent midway its length, substantially as set forth.
19. A wrought-iron cotton bale tie, consisting of a slotted diagonal brace and a
locking bar formed by folding the brace against itself, as illustrated in Fig. 13,
substantially as set forth.
°
20th. A cotton bale tie, the slotter diagonal brace and locking bar of which are
made U shaped, as represented in Figs. 14, 15, and 16, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of September, A.D. 1878.
HJ HADDAN /rel