Improvements in Sectional Tubular Steam Generators.
Year: 1896

page_text: oprication, 21
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Feb., 1897-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sectional Tubular Steam Generators.
I, JOHN JOSEPH CAIN, of 210 Avenue D Bayonne, State of New Jersey,
United States of America, Machinist do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
:
This invention relates to sectional tubular boilers, and embodies such improve-
ments in the construction and arrangement of the various parts, that for a given
area or space occupied by the boiler, a maximum heating surface and resulting
useful effect is provided that any section or series of tubes may be closed or cut
off from the circulating system, thereby permitting repairs being made, or the
renewal of injured or destroyed tubes, without necessitating the complete discharge
of the water from the boiler, or the delay for the boiler to cool, the section needing
repair being the only part of the boiler from which the water needs be discharged,
thus imparting a valuable feature to this class of boilers particularly when such are
used for marine purposes; that a full and complete water circulation is insured in
and throughout the water tubes and their connecting parts; that all parts of the
structure perform functions towards the general effectiveness or steain producing
capacity of the boiler; and that dry steam is delivered by the boiler.
In general, my improved boiler consists of vertical boxes of water legs, horizontal
headers, preferably rectangular in cross section, secured to and connecting together
the vertical boxes at the front of the boiler, and similar horizontal headers secured
to and connecting together the vertical boxes at the rear of the boiler, said
headers being angularly arranged so that the inner face of each of the front
headers is opposite and parallel to the inner face of a rear header that is in a lower
plane, and tubes connected to the pairs of headers through their parallel faces, and
thus being longitudinally arranged with their front ends higher than their rear
ends, each pair of headers with their series of connecting tubes constituting a section
of the boiler. It is proposed in some cases to construct these horizontal boxes
with their sides opposite the sides in which the tubes are expanded open and cover
such sides with plates, secured to the boxes by studs or bolts, thus avoiding the
use of separate plugs for each end of the tubes. Triangular vertical boxes
constituting the side boundaries of the furnace opening and connected to horizontal
boxes which are connected to the side boxes and constitute the upper and lower
boundaries of the furnace opening. Drums at the upper part of the boiler
longitudinally arranged, supported by and connected at their under sides to the
upper ends of the vertical boxes only, said drums being water and steam drums
and connected together by tubes at the water level; complete water and steam
circulation is thus provided between the drums and the front and the rear vertical
boxes, so that all headers and pipes connected to the vertical boxes are fully and
continuously supplied with water, and the expulsion of water therefrom rendere!
practically impossible. Saddles or support pieces of peculiar construction are
provided to connect the vertical boxes to the drums, the same being formed with
Hanges to fit the drums, are secured thereto by rivets, and provided with socket,
that fit snugly over the upper ends of the vertical boxes, said boxes are preferably
rectangular but may have their upper ends made cylindrical to fit into cylindrical
sockets of the saddles, said parts being secured together by rivets, thus providing

page_text: very strong and rigid connections and supports for the drum and at the same time
providing passage-ways between the drums and the vertical boxes substantially
equal in area to the cross sections of the vertical boxes, so that no obstruction is
offered to the movement of the water and steam. Horizontal boxes or pipes are
arranged between and connected to the front and rear vertical boxes, thus
constituting the side walls of the boiler, said boxes being set inwardly beyond
the inner faces of the vertical boxes, so as to reduce as much as possible the spaces
at the sides of the longitudinal water tubes. Horizontal transversely arranged
tubes located in the space between the inclined longitudinal tubes and the drums
and connect the upper side horizontal boxes together, thus adding considerably to
the heating surface of the boiler, and retarding the passage of the heated gases
from the furnace through the boiler. Dry pipes located in the steam pipes
extending from the tops of the drums, said dry pipes being closed at one end and
perforated, and having flanges at their other ends adapted to be clamped between
the flanges of the steam pipes from the drums, and the Hanges of a central connection
or ""piece.
My invention also contemplates the application to sectional tubular steam
generators of valve devices adapted to be seated against and close the ends of
the headers, thus providing for the cutting out of the circulating system any
section for the plugging or replacing of any broken tube in said section, without
necessitating discharging all of the water from the apparatus, the water from said
section being allowed to flow therefrom through a discharge opening in the lowest
part of the section. In the application of this idea to steam generators having
horizontal headers the said valve devices will be attached to the vertical boxes at
the sides of the generator arranged in alignment with the ends of the headers or
with their connecting nipples. The supporting faces of the water legs are reversely
inclined to eliminate expansion and contraction strains.
Dated this 4th day of March 1896.
JOHN JOSEPH CAIN.
D. Young & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
I, JOHN JOSEPH CAIN, of 210 Avenue D, Bayonne, State of New Jersey,
United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The improvements embodied by my invention are applicable to both land and
marine boilers of the sectional tubular type, and have for their objects to increase
the efficiency, to simplify the construction, to add to the safety and increase the
usefulness, to provide for a perfect water circulation and to insure the production
of dry steam of such generators; and to fully describe said improvements I
will refer to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in
which :-
Fig. 1 is a part front elevation and part vertical section of my improved
steam generator, the said sectional part being taken on the irregular line 1, 1
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2, is a vertical longitudinal sectional view, taken on the line 2, 2 Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of one of the saddles or support
pieces, which connect the druins to the vertical boxes..

page_text: Fig. 5 is an underneath view of the same.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the feed opening of the furnace, also showing
ne form of valve for closing the ends of the headers.
Fig. 7, is a longitudinal section of the preferred form of valve for closing the
ends of the headers.
Fig. 8 is an end view of the same.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the same taken on the line 9, 9, Fig. 7.
Fig. 10, is a sectional view of a modified form of valve, and;
Fig. 11, is a front elevation of a double steam generator or boiler illustrating my
improvements applied thereto.
In Fig. 1, is shown four vertical boxes or water legs, a a a¹ a¹ one at each corner
of the boiler, said boxes being preferably rectangular in cross-section and provided
with holes and openings for the connection thereto of the other parts of the boiler
as hereafter described.
Horizontal headers bb are arranged between and connected to the front vertical
boxes a a, similar headers bb are arranged between and connected to the rear
vertical boxes a¹a', and side boxes or pipes c c are horizontally arranged between
and connected to the vertical boxes aa and a¹ a¹. All of the headers bb and
boxes cc are preferably made square or rectangular in cross-section, and all the
connections with the vertical boxes are made by means of nipples, expanded in
place in a well known manner through openings formed in the outer walls of the
vertical boxes, which openings are closed by caps or plates, as shown at ele. The
boxes ce are located so that their inner sides extend within the plane of the inner
walls of the boxes a a, the object of which is to reduce as much as possible, the
space between the tubes d d and the side walls.
The headers bb as shown at Fig. 2, set in angular positions, all of the front
headers and an equal number of the lower rear headers being provided with holes
in which are expanded the series of tubes dd, the outer holes in the headers
through which the tubes are manipulated, being closed by means of caps and
plugs d'd' in the usual manner. The angular arrangement of the headers 66¹ is
such that the inner face of each front header is opposite and parallel to the inner
face of a back header, which is located in a lower plane, so that the tubes d d are
inclined downwardly from the front to the rear as shown. The upper rear boxes bb²
are plain, they connect together the upper parts of the vertical boxes a' a¹ and
complete the rear wall of the boiler.
Beneath the tubes dd is located the furnace, consisting of grate bars s, supports
and rear wall of the usual construction.
The feed opening of the furnace is provided with a water circulation and is
constructed as follows :-Two horizontal rectangular boxes ff are secured to the
inner walls of the front vertical boxes aa by means of nipples as ordinarily, and
the central parts of these boxes ff constitute the upper and lower boundaries of
the feed opening; the side boundaries of said opening being formed by the
triangular boxes connected in vertical positions between the boxes ff
affording free communiention between them for the circulation of water, said
triangular boxes¹f being so arranged that the feed opening inwardly increases
in width as shown at Fig. 6, thus affording better facilities for distributing the coal
over the fire, than if the inner vertical walls of said opening were parallel.
To eliminate strains on the various parts of the boiler due to expansion and
contraction, it is thought advisable to incline the lower supporting ends of the
vertical boxes a & a' and to correspondingly incline the bearing surfaces g¹ g¹ of
the supports y, said inclined bearings being, as shown at Fig. 2 reversely arranged,
the effect of said arrangement being that as the boiler expands longitudinally, the
lower part of it will descend commensurate about with the increase of the vertical
expansion, so that upper braces or fastenings used to hold the upper part of the
boiler in position in its application to marine purposes will not be subjected to
strains due to the vertical expansion of the boiler. The inclined bearings g¹ g¹ are

page_text: shown provided with anti-friction devices, these are not essential, but may be
advantageous in some cases.
The angular space above the longitudinal tubes a d, may be utilized for heating
purposes, by locating therein tubes h h transversely arranged and secured at their
ends to the upper side boxes c c.
Above the vertical boxes a¹ al are placed the drums i i, horizontally and
longitudinally arranged with a connecting opening between a front and a rear
vertical box and each of said drums, said drums being connected together by means
of the pipes ¹¹located at the water level of said drums, and feed water is applied
to the boiler at the drums by means of feed pipe 3, 33 represent the man hole
coverings.
To provide a strong and free passage connection between the drums and the
vertical boxes, I have devised a saddle or support piece j, clearly shown in the
enlarged views Figs. 3, 4 and 5. This support piece is preferably a forging, is
formed with a flange to conform to the contour of the drum, a tight joint being
made between them by means of rivets and caulking, and a socket shaped to fit
over the end of the vertical box, which in the case shown, is rectangular in form; this
socket and vertical box are rigidly secured together by means of rivets as shown, and
caulking in the usual manner. Another advantage of this construction, other than
the strength and rigidity afforded by it, is that the upper ends of the vertical
boxes may be left open, thus providing a free unobstructed passage for the steam
and water, which is equal to the full area or cross section of the vertical box.
Besides being stronger than the usual way of making such connections by means
of expanded nipples it is much cheaper, as the heading of the tube and the use of
the nipple is avoided.
To the upper sides of the drums ii are secured pipes kk, they being secured
at the ends of their horizontal parts to the central connection or T piece k¹, and
in the horizontal parts of k k are located the dry pipes kk for separating the
water from the steam, closed at one end, and provided at the other end with a
flange which is clamped between the flanged connection k and k¹. These pipes k²
are perforated with a number of holes, the aggregate area of which equal the areas
of the pipes k k.
The means devised for closing or cutting out of the circulation any one of the
sections of tubes without requiring a complete emptying of the boiler, consist of
permanently attached valve devices ll, located in the vertical boxes opposite the
openings or nipple connections of the headers bb, said valves being normally held
away from said nipples but adapted, when occasion requires, to be seated against
the nipples and so close the openings of the headers of the section needing repairs,
the lower header of each section being provided with a pet cock 63, for the
discharge of the water from the sections. The preferred style of valve adapted
for this purpose is shown in detail at Figs. 7, 8 and 9, all the parts thereof being
attached to or carried by the caps or covers in m, used to close the opening in the
boxes a a¹ through which the nipple connections are manipulated, said caps or
covers being shown secured in place by means of screw threads.
The cover m has a central bore provided with a packing box and gland m³, the
inner end of the bore being formed into a valve seat. The valve is double, that is,
it has two active parts n and n', the main part n being adapted to fit into the seat o
formed in the end of the nipple of the header b, when the header is to be closed,
and the other part n', formed to fit the seat formed in the cover m when the valve
is in normal position, as shown, thereby insuring against leakage from these parts
of the boiler.
The stem n² of the valve is bored and screw threaded from its outer end, and in
this stem fits the screw p which is provided with the collar p' and a squared end
for the application thereto of an operating wrench. This screw p has a bearing in
the end of the bridge piece q attached to or forming part of the cover m, the collar
of the screw fitting into a groove formed in the bearing in such manner that the
screw is free to rotate without having any end play. is the cap of this bearing,

page_text: but is not shown in Fig. 7. Now it will be readily seen that when the screw pis
rotated the valve » n' will be moved toward or from the seat o, according to the
direction of rotation of the screw, and to prevent the valve from turning with the
screw, should the friction of its stem in the packing box not be sufficient for this
purpose, I provide a grooved guide r extending from the gland ma, said grove
extending some distance into the bore of the gland, and a pin projecting from
the stem near its end arranged to fit into the groove of the guide r.
Any suitable form of valve ur closing device for the headers may be used, a
modified form being shown at Fig. 6, in which the valve stem w is plain and
provided with a short screw at its outer end which is screwed into the gland m² of
the packing box when the valve n is near its seat o by being brought into this
position by pressure applied to the end of its stem, the perfect seating of the valve
being then accomplished by rotating the valve by its stem. In Fig. 10, which is
another modification, the bore of the cap or cover m is screw threaded, a
corresponding screw thread being formed on the stem of the valve n n', the
packing box m² being at the outer end of the bore of the cover, and the outer part
of the stem is plain to fit in and slide through the packing box.
The casing and wall packings of the boiler are omitted from the drawings, any
of the common constructions of such parts as now applied to this class of boilers,
may be used in conjunction with my improvements.
While various improvements in the sectional tubular steam generators or boilers
here described and hereinafter claimed, when combined, co-operate to produce a
boiler having sterling practical qualities it will be understood that one or more of
the improved parts may be readily applied to steam generators or boilers without
the other improved parts, and the advantage of their structural functions utilized
in such other applications.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
1. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal, rectangular henders connected to and securing together the front vertical
boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the rear
vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of the front
headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lower
planes, and a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected at
their ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their connected
headers constituting a section of the boiler.
2. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the front vertical
boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the rear
vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of the front
headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lower
planes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected at their
ends to each opposite pair of benders, each series of tubes and their connected
headers constituting a section of the boiler, and horizontal rectangular boxes or
pipes secured to and connecting together the front and rear vertical boxes arranged
to project within the plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting
the side walls of the boiler.
3. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the front vertical
boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the rear
vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of the front
headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lower
planes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected at their
ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their connected
headers constituting a section of the boiler, horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes

page_text: secured to and connecting together the front and rear vertical boxes arranged to
project within the plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting
the side walls of the boiler, and transverse horizontal tubes located above the
longitudinal tubes and connected to and forming communications between the upper
side boxes of the boiler.
4. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
headers connected thereto and tubes between the headers, a furnace beneath the
tubes, horizontal boxes secured to and forming communications between the front
vertical boxes and constituting the upper and lower boundaries of the feed opening
of the furnace, and vertical boxes triangular in cross section secured to and forming
communications between the horizontal boxes constituting the side boundaries
of the feed opening, and arranged so that the width of said opening inwardly
increases.
5. In a sectional tubular boiler comprising vertical boxes or chambers, headers
secured thereto, series of tubes secured to and connecting together the headers in
pairs, the combination therewith of valve devices adapted to close the openings at
the ends of the headers, whereby any section of the boiler consisting of a pair of
headers and their connecting tubes, may be closed and cut out of the circulating
system of the boiler.
6. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal headers located between them, nipples connecting together the vertical
boxes and headers, the outer ends of said nipples being formed into valve seats,
tubes connecting together the headers in pairs, and valves attached to the vertical
boxes at the sides of the boiler and adapted to be pressed in and seated on the ends
of the said connecting nipples.
7. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal headers located between them, nipples connecting together the vertical
boxes and headers, the outer ends of said nipples being formed into valve seats,
tubes connecting together the headers in pairs, hand holes formed in the vertical
boxes at the sides of the boilers and opposite the openings of the horizontal headers,
caps for closing said hand holes, and valves carried by the caps with their stems
extending therethrough and adapted to be pressed into seats on the ends of the
nipples connecting the vertical boxes and the headers.
8. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal headers located between them, nipples connecting together the vertical
boxes and headers, the outer ends of said nipples being formed into valve seats,
tubes connecting together the headers in pairs, hand holes formed into the vertical
boxes at the sides of the boiler and opposite the openings of the horizontal headers,
caps for closing said hand holes having a central opening with valve seats formed
at the inner ends thereof, and double valves, the stems of which fit in the central
openings of the caps, said valves being normally held with one of their parts seated
against the caps and adapted to be pressed in to cause their other parts to be seated
against the ends of the nipples connecting together the vertical boxes and the
headers.
9. In a valve for steam boilers, the combination of the valve having a hollow
stem internally screw threaded, a cap with a packing box through which the stem
of the valve extends, a bridge piece extending from the cap over the packing box
and a screw spindle fitting in the hollow stem of the valve and having a bearing in
the bridge picce so as to rotate therein without longitudinal movement.
10. In a valve for steam boilers, the combination of the valve baving a hollow
stem internally screw-threaded, a cap with a packing box through which the stem
of the valve extends, a bridge piece extending from the cap over the packing box,
a screw spindle fitting into the hollow stem of the valve and having a bearing in the
bridge picce, so as to rotate therein without longitudinal movement, a grooved
guide on the gland of the packing box, and a pin projecting from the stem of the
valve and working in the grooved guide.
11. In a sectional tubular boiler comprising vertical boxes or chambers, headers

page_text: secured thereto, series of tubes secured to and connecting together the headers in
pairs, the combination therewith of longitudinally arrauged horizontal drums, each
drum being connected at each of its ends to and having free communication with
the upper end of a vertical box only, and connecting tubes between the drums at
the water level.
12. In a sectional tubular boiler comprising vertical boxes or chambers, healers
secured thereto, series of tubes secured to and connecting together the headers in
pairs, the combination therewith of longitudinally arranged horizontal drums, each
drum being connected at each of its ends to and having free communication with
the upper end of a vertical box only, and connecting tubes between the drums at
the water level, and supports or saddles forming the connections between the drums
and the vertical boxes, said supports having sockets to fit the upper ends of the
vertical boxes and formed with flanges to fit the under sides of the drums, the
supports being secured to the vertical boxes and drums by means of rivets.
13. In a steam boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or water legs, a saddle
or supporting piece for each vertical box formed with a socket at the lower side to
fit the upper end thereof and having a curvilinear flange at the upper side and a
drum resting on the curvilinear flange of two of the supporting pieces, the said
supporting piece, the drum and the vertical boxes being secured together by rivets.
14. In a sectional tubular boiler comprising vertical boxes or chambers, headers
secured thereto, series of tubes secured to and connecting together the headers in
pairs, horizontal drums supported by and connected to the vertical boxes, flanged
elbows extending from the upper parts of the drums, a T piece connected between
the horizontal parts of the elbows, and perforated dry pipes extending in the
horizontal parts of the elbows and having flanges clamped between the flanges of
the elbows and the T connecting piece.
15. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the front
vertical boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together
the rear vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of
the front headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in
lower planes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected at
their ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their connected
headers constituting a section of the boiler, horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes
secured to and connecting together the front and rear vertical boxes arranged to
project within the plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting
the side walls of the boiler, horizontal drums longitudinally arranged supported by
and connected to the upper ends of the vertical boxes, and connecting tubes
between the drums at the water level.
16. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes, or chambers,
horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the front
vertical boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together
the rear vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of
the front headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers
in lower planes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected
at their ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their
connected headers constituting a section of the boiler, horizontal rectangular
boxes or pipes secured to and connecting together the front and rear vertical boxes
arranged to project within the plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and
constituting the side walls of the boiler, horizontal drums longitudinally arranged
supported by and connected to the upper ends of the vertical boxes, and connecting
tubes between the drums at the water level, and supports or saddles forming the
connections between the drums and the vertical boxes, having sockets to fit the upper
ends of the vertical boxes by which they are secured thereto by rivets and formed
with flanges to fit the undersides of the drums.
17. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the front vertical

page_text: boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the rear
vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of the front
headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lower
planes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected at their
ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their connected
headers constituting a section of the boiler, horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes
secured to and connecting together the front and rear vertical boxes arranged to
project within the plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting
the side walls of the boiler, horizontal drums longitudinally arranged supported by
and connected to the upper ends of the vertical boxes, connecting tubes between
the drums at the water level, flanged elbows extending from the upper parts of the
drums, a T piece connected between the horizontal parts of the elbows, and
perforated dry pipes extending in the horizontal parts of the elbows and having
flanges clamped between the flanges of the elbows and the T connecting piece.
18. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the front vertical
boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the rear
vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of the front
headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lower
planes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected at their
ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their connected
headers constituting a section of the boiler, a furnace beneath the tubes, horizontal
boxes secured to and forming communications between the front vertical boxes and
constituting the upper and lower boundaries of the feed opening of the furnace,
and vertical boxes triangular in cross section secured to and forming communications
between the horizontal boxes constituting the side boundaries of the feed opening,
and arranged so that the width of said opening inwardly increases.
19. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the front vertical
boxes, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securing together the rear
vertical boxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of the front
headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lower
planes, and a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connecting at
their ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their connected
headers constituting a section of the boiler, a furnace beneath the tubes, horizontal
boxes secured to and forming communications between the front vertical boxes
and constituting the upper and lower boundaries of the feed opening of the furnace,
vertical boxes triangular in cross section secured to and forming communications
between the horizontal boxes constituting the side boundaries of the feed opening,
and arranged so that the width of said opening inwardly increases, longitudinally
arranged horizontal drums, each connected at each of its ends to the upper end of
one of the vertical boxes, and connecting tubes between the drums at the water
level.
20. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal headers connected to the vertical boxes, tubes secured to and connecting
together the horizontal headers in pairs, valves attached to the vertical boxes in
positions opposite the openings of the horizontal headers, longitudinally arrangel
horizontal drums each connected at each of its ends to the upper end of one of the
vertical boxes, and connecting tubes between the drums at the water level.
21. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal headers connected to the vertical boxes, tubes secured to and connecting
together the horizontal headers in pairs, valves attached to the vertical boxes in
positions opposite the openings of the horizontal Leaders, a furnace beneath the
tubes, horizontal boxes secured to and forming communications between the front
vertical boxes and constituting the upper and lower boundaries of the feed opening
of the furnace, vertical boxes triangular in cross section secured to and forming
communications between the horizontal boxes, constituting the side boundaries of

page_text: the feed opening and arranged so that the width of said opening inwardly
increases, longitudinally arranged horizontal drums each connected at each of its
ends to the upper end of one of the vertical boxes, and connecting tubes between
the drums at the water level.
22. In a steam boiler, the combination of front and rear vertical boxes or water
legs with their bottom supporting faces reversely inclined, the water tubes and
main parts of the boiler being carried by the said vertical boxes, and base pieces
on which the vertical boxes rest correspondingly inclined.
23. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers,
horizontal headers connected to the vertical boxes, tubes secured to and connecting
together the horizontal headers in pairs, valves attached to the vertical boxes in
positions opposite the openings of the ho rizontal headers, and pet cocks or plugs
fitted in the rear headers for drawing off the water from the sections of which said
headers form parts.
24. The hereinbefore described improvements in steam generators substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated the 10th day of Februar 1807
D. Young & Co.,
CAIN.
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.