AN IMPROVEMENT IN SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Me-
chanical Draughtsman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
SPINNING MACHINERY."-A communication
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th June 1858.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SPINNING MACHINERY" to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in interposing between the spindle, bobbin,
or spool, and the flyer, traveller, or cap (or the equivalent therefor), a
carrier or carriers moving with the spindle, bobbin, or spool, and set
concentrically thereto. Over this carrier the thread passes from the
flyer, traveller, or cap to the spindle, bobbin, or spool, and thus the
dragging or drawing of the flyer or traveller or the thread on the edge of
the cap will be effected by the said carrier or carriers, the thread being

page_text: in contact therewith, whereby the power exerted and the resistance
produced will not be dependent on the variations of the winding
diameter. Thus, when the spindle with its bobbin rotates together with
the carrier, the thread will be drawn obliquely from the carrier to the
flyer in a line nearly tangential to the circle of the carrier, so that the
flyer will be drawn around with very little friction, and with less than if
it were in a line tangent to a smaller circle. And as the carrier turns
with the spindle and bobbin, and the thread is drawn tight over the
edge of the carrier, the flyer will be drawn around, not by the bobbin
but by the carrier; and as these are fixed diameters, always bearing a
fixed and determined proportion to each other, the thread between the
carrier and flyer is always under the same tension, instead of the varying
tension to which it has heretofore been exposed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 10th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS er most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license
that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN SPINNING MACHINERY," being a communication

page_text: from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):
This Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
relates to a mode of removing a disadvantage which has more or less
been experienced in all throstle spinning heretofore known.
In the process of spinning the thread passes through the arm of the
flyer over the edge of the cap, or through the traveller, and thence to
the bobbin on the spindle, which is a constantly varying diameter
gradually increasing as the cop is formed, whilst the arm of the flyer,
the edge of the cap, and the traveller is always on a constant diameter.
As the thread is on the tangent of the winding circle, that is, on a
tangent of the circle of the body of the bobbin, or the thread wound
thereon when the bobbin is on a live spindle, and the thread as it winds
on drags the flyer or the traveller, or draws on the edge of the cap, the
drag is a constant resistance, whilst the leverage which draws the
thread is a constantly increasing force as the diameter of the bobbin is
increased by the winding on. From this it results that the power
necessary to drag or draw around the flyer or traveller, or to drag the
thread on the edge of the cap, is constantly becoming less from the
beginning to the end of the operation, as the tangent line of the thread
approaches the tangent of the flyer, traveller, or cap, so that the thread,
instead of being subjected to a constant and equal resistance, is subjected
to a constantly decreasing resistance, and therefore the winding on
cannot be regular.

page_text: Now this Invention consists in interposing between the spindle, or
bobbin or spool thereon, and the flyer, traveller, or cap, or the equivalent
thereof, a concentric carrier or carriers moving with the spindle, bobbin,
or spool, over which the thread passes from the flyer, traveller, or cap
to the spindle, bobbin, or spool, so that the dragging or drawing of the
flyer or traveller or the thread on the edge of the cap shall be effected
by the said carrier or carriers, the thread being in contact therewith, so
that the power and the resistance shall at all times be at the same
distance without reference to the variation of the winding diameter.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1, is a plan of the mode of
app'ication of the Invention; Fig. 2, is an elevation of the same;
Fig. 3, is a vertical section; and Fig. 4, is a vertical section of a
modification.
The same letters indicate like parts in all the Figures. a, represents
a live spindle resting in a proper step at bottom on the copping rail b,
and passing through a tubular spindle c, in which it is free to slide
vertically, but with which it is connected by a feather or its equivalent
so as to rotate therewith. The lower end of the tubular spindle c, rests
and turns in a step on a rail d, and its upper end is fitted to turn in a
· collar e. This tube is provided with a pulley f, in the usual manner, by
which
which it is rotated, and to its upper end is secured a tube
surrounds the bobbin h, and is of sufficient length to admit the whole
length of the bobbin within it. The upper edge of this tube should be
concentric with the spindle to ensure steadiness of motion at high
velocities, and its upper edge should be rounded and smooth to con-
stitute what the inventor terms "the concentric thread carrier "i. The
Outside the
bobbin h, is carried by the spindle a, as shewn at Fig. 3.
thread carrier there is a ring j, grooved near its upper edge inside and
outside to form a double flange k, to receive and hold a traveller 7, and
constituting what is termed "a ring groove spinner." The lower end
of the ring, is threaded as at m, and tapped into the rail n, so that it
can be elevated or depressed relatively to the thread carrier.
The traveller, instead of being made as usual in one part, is made in
two parts, as represented at Fig. 1, and connected together by a small
bar o, at top, leaving a space between the two for the passage of the

page_text: thread. The thread to be spun comes from the usual draw rollers,
passes through a guide p, centrally above the spindle, thence through
the traveller and over the edge of the carrier to the bobbin on which it
is wound. The usual traversing motion is given to the copping rail for
the purpose of winding on the thread in a proper manner. The
traveller 1, should be below the level of the upper edge of the carrier i,
so that the thread shall be drawn and bent over the carrier. From the
above arrangement it will be manifest that when the spindle with its
bobbin rotates together with the carrier, the thread will be drawn
obliquely from the carrier to the traveller in a line nearly tangential to
the circle of the carrier, so that the traveller will be drawn around with
very little friction, and with less than if it were in a line tangential to a
smaller circle. And as the carrier turns with the spindle and bobbin,
and the thread is drawn tight over the edge of the carrier, the traveller
will be drawn around, not by the bobbin but by the carrier; and as
these are fixed diameters, always bearing a fixed and determined pro-
portion to each other, the thread between the carrier and travellers is
always under the same tensions, instead of the varying tension to which
it is exposed in throstle spinning, as heretofore practised.
The varying winding diameter on the bobbins does not, on this plan,
effect the drag, for that is done by the carrier, and hence at a constant
distance from the traveller, and as the diameter of the winding circle
increases the motion of the traveller must increase in an equal ratio,
and tlfus make the pull on the thread uniform throughout the operation.
The great object is to maintain a constant distance between the thread
carrier and traveller so that the thread shall always maintain the same
or nearly the same direction, and hence exert an uniform pull on the
traveller to make the drag uniform.
The drag
on the thread can be regulated at pleasure by depressing
or elevating the ring groove and traveller, which increases or decreases
the bend of the thread over the edge of the carrier. And still further
to increase the capability of adjustment of the drag the carrier may be
made with two concentric edges, as represented at i, i*, Fig. 4, so that
when the ring and traveller are depressed to the extent represented in
this Figure the thread will pass over the two rounded edges of the

page_text: carrier, and thus bring the pull nearer the tangent line of the circle in
which the traveller moves, and, if elevated sufficiently, then the thread
will only pass in contact with the inner edge of the carrier.
It will be obvious from the foregoing that other modes of applying
the principle of this Invention may be adopted; as, for instance, instead
of the ring groove and traveller, an independent flyer may be substituted;
but the inventor prefers to employ the ring groove, as the other is less
adapted to fine spinning, and is not so cheap in the construction, and not
so easy to keep in repair.
It may be remarked that the thread may be wound on any diameter
of bobbin, and, if desired, directly on to the surface of the spindle as in
the mule, which presents the well-known advantage of winding a given
quantity of thread on a small cop for small shuttles.
Having now described the Invention of an improvement in spin-
ning machinery, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters
Patent I claim the employment of the thread carrier, substantially as
specified, in combination with the central spindle for winding on, with
or without a bobbin or spool, and with the ring groove or traveller, or
its equivalent, substantially as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Tenth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
three.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)