A New or Improved Metallic Alloy.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1889-Accepted, 31st Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Metallic Alloy.
I FRANCIS ELLIS of The Evergreens Albert Road Harborne in the County of
Stafford Manager of Works do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of a new or improved metallic alloy having the composition
hereinafter described and prepared and manufactured preferably by the method
hereinafter described.
In making the new or improved metallic alloy constituting my invention I take
eighty seven parts by weight of copper six and a half parts by weight of zinc
four parts by weight of tin two parts by weight of metallic arsenic and one half of
a part by weight of phosphorus.
I melt the copper in a crucible or melting pot and to the melted copper I add the
zinc tin and arsenic and immediately before pouring the contents of the crucible or
melting pot into ingot or other moulds that is after the crucible or melting pot has
been taken from the furnace I add the phosphorus.
The alloy constituting my invention is free from porosity. It is very ductile and
elastic and is but little liable to tarnish by exposure to air and water. It takes and
retains an excellent polish in consequence of which it is well suited for the manufacture
of ornamental articles. It is an excellent alloy for the reception of electro deposits
either of gold or silver and owing to its elasticity and its non corrosive character it is
very suitable for the manufacture of metallic pens.
Although I have described the proportions of the materials from which I manu-
facture my new or improved metallic alloy which I have found to answer well in
practice yet I do not limit myself thereto as the proportions may be varied within
considerable limits with nearly the same results.
Dated this 21st day of February 1889.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Metallic Alloy.
I FRANCIS ELLIS of The Evergreens, Albert Road Harborne in the County of
Stafford Manager of Works do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of a new or improved metallic alloy having the composition
hereinafter described and prepared and manufactured preferably by the method herein-
after described.
In making the new or improved metallic alloy constituting my invention I take
eighty seven parts by weight of copper; six and a half parts by weight of zinc ;
four parts by weight of tin; two parts by weight of metallic arsenic and one half of
a part by weight of phosphorus.
I melt the copper in a crucible or melting pot and to the melted copper I add the
zinc tin and arsenic and immediately before pouring the contents of the crucible or
melting pot into ingot or other moulds, that is, just before the crucible or melting
pot is taken from the furnace, I add the phosphorus.
The alloy constituting my invention is free from porosity. It is very ductile and
elastic and is but little liable to tarnish by exposure to air and water. It takes and

page_text: retains an excellent polish in consequence of which it is well suited for the manu-
facture of jewellery and ornamental articles. It is an excellent alloy for the reception
of electro deposits either of gold or silver and owing to its elasticity and its non-
corrosive character it is very suitable for the manufacture of metallic pens. It is very
sonorous and makes excellent bells and gongs. It is also suitable for bearings for
shafts and other rotating bodies.
In rolling my new or improved metallic alloy into sheets and drawing it into tubes
or wire care must be taken not to roll or draw it too far at one time as if the rolling
or drawing at one time be carried too far the alloy is liable to crack or to become
unsound. My alloy may be rolled and drawn at one time to an extent equal to that
to which the alloy known as German silver may be rolled or drawn or nearly to the
extent to which brass may be drawn but the rolling or drawing must stop far short
of the extent to which copper may be rolled or drawn. After each rolling or drawing
the alloy must be annealed. My new or improved alloy must not be cooled in water
or brought into contact with water while hot as by sudden cooling it is liable to
crack.
Although I have described the proportions of the materials from which I manu-
facture my new or improved metallic alloy which I have found to answer well in
practice yet 1 do not limit myself thereto as the proportions may be varied within
considerable limits with nearly the same results. The physical properties of my new
or improved alloy may be considerably modified by slight modification of the pro-
portions of its constituents. Thus, by the addition of arsenic in somewhat greater
proportion than the proportion hereinbefore given (say two and a half or three
parts per centum by weight in place of two parts by weight) the alloy produced is
considerably hardened and rendered somewhat more brittle. This additional hardness
in some cases particularly in castings may be desirable. On the other hand where
greater softness or ductility is required than is given by the normal proportions herein
before prescribed it may be obtained by increasing the proportion of the copper.
For general purposes however I prefer the proportions herein before given.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
as my invention :-
A new or improved metallic alloy composed of copper zinc tin arsenic and
phosphorus substantially in the proportions herein before given or in the modified
proportions for special purposes hereinbefore indicated.
Dated the 30th day of July 1889.
FRANCIS ELLIS.