IMPROVE- MENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC AND ZINCOGRAPHIC PRINTING.
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hamilton Glassford, of Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Lithographer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC AND ZINCOGRAPHIC PRINTING.
Sealed the 25th March 1854, and dated the 2nd February 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hamilton Glassford
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd February 1854.
I, JOHN HAMILTON GLASSFORD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Lithographer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC AND ZINCOGRAPHIC PRINTING" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to certain mechanical arrangements whereby the
lithographic and zincographic printing processes as adopted for printing on
paper, and also on textile fabrics for the embroiderers' purposes, are made
self-acting, and more rapid and efficient thau heretofore. In lithographing
according to this process the design to be printed is placed upon the flat stone
in the usual way, the stone being carried upon a traversing carriage capable of
running back and forward by the action of a rack and pinion or other suitable
movement actuated by a steam engine or other prime mover. At one end of
the framing is the stationary inking slab, over which a roller arrangement is

page_text: made to traverse periodically, and distribute ink from the slab to the printing
stone, as the latter is run back to that end of the machine. Nearer the centre
of the framing is a horizontal damper or moistener, consisting of a frame hold-
ing a damping surface, and jointed at its two ends to two crank pins on the
tops of a pair of vertical shafts. As the stone is passed beneath this damper
the revolution of the shafts produces a most efficient damping traverse in
curvilinear lines, thus properly moistening the stone. Next to this point
is the position of the actual printing operation, an adjustable scraping presser
being here set in side standards for the stone to pass beneath it.
By means of gearing, this scraper can be elevated or depressed as required,
and the actual scraping pressure edge is not inflexibly fixed, but is hinged
with a back stop, so that as the stone passes beneath it the stop acts, and
causes the edge to stand firm for the impressing action, whilst on returning the
hinge yields, and allows the scraper to become angled, releasing the stone from
pressure as it goes back to be re-inked. The front edge of the stone is slightly
bevilled to allow the stone to enter easily under the scraper, thus doing away
with the necessity of lifting the scraper on the entrance of the stone beneath it.
The tympan is also self-acting, being set on a hinge centre on a piece having a
short traverse action, so that as the printing stone comes forward it folds down
the tympan over the stone surface. To aid this movement, the framing carries
curved guides, over which pulleys on the edges of the tympan are contrived to
work. This enables the tympan to be turned back and forward so as to come
on to or lift off the stone at each traverse of the latter, without shocks. When
cloth in lengths is to be printed, it is wound upon a roller at the printing end
of the framing, and is then drawn forward through a slot in the tympan, and
passed over the stone, being wound up as it is printed by means of self-acting
rollers. The whole of the movements are actuated from a single main shaft,
and suitable cams or clutches are provided for the purpose of stopping and
starting the several intermittent motions. By placing an inking and damping
apparatus at or near the centre of the machine, the printing may go on con-
tinuously, as the inking movement could thus supply two stones.
The same general process is pursued when the zincographic system is
adopted.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Hamilton Glassford in the Great Seal Patent Office on.
the 1st August 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HAMILTON GLASSFORD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Lithographer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Hamilton Glassford, Her special license that I, the said John
Hamilton Glassford, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Hamilton Glassford, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC AND ZINCOGRAPHIC PRINTING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Hamilton Glassford, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Hamilton Glassford, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to certain mechanical arrangements whereby the
lithographic and zincographic printing processes as ordinarily adopted for
printing on paper, and also on textile fabrics for the embroiderer's purposes,
are made self-acting, and more rapid and efficient than heretofore. In litho-
graphing according to this process, the design to be printed is placed upon the
flat stone in the usual way, the stone being carried upon a traversing carriage
capable of running back and forward by the action of a rack and pinion
or other suitable movement actuated by a steam engine or other prime

page_text: mover. At one end of the framing is the stationary inking slab, over which
a roller arrangement is made to traverse periodically, and distribute ink
from the slab to the printing stone, as the latter is run back to that end of
the machine. Nearer the centre of the framing is a horizontal damper or
moistener, consisting of a frame holding a damping surface, and jointed at its two
ends to two crank pins on the tops of a pair of vertical shafts. As the stone
is passed beneath this damper the revolution of the shafts produces a most
efficient damping traverse in curvilinear lines, thus properly moistening the
stone. Next to this point is the position of the actual printing operation, an
adjustable scraping presser being here set inside standards for the stone to pass
beneath it. By means of gearing, this scraper can be elevated or depressed as
required, and the actual scraping pressure edge is not inflexibly fixed, but is
hinged with a back stop, so that as the stone passes beneath it the stop acts,
and causes the edge to stand firm for the impressing action, whilst on returning
the hinge yields, and allows the scraper to become angled, releasing the stone
from pressure as it goes back to be re-inked. The front edge of the stone is
slightly bevilled to allow the stone to enter easily under the scraper, thus doing
away with the necessity of lifting the scraper on the entrance of the stone
beneath it. The tympan is also self-acting, being set on a hinged centre on a
piece having a short traverse action, so that as the printing stone comes forward
it folds down the tympan over the stone surface. To aid this movement, the
framing carries curved guides, over which pulleys on the edges of the tympan
are contrived to work. This enables the tympan to be turned back and for-
ward so as to come on to or lift off the stone at each traverse of the latter,
without any injurious shocks. When cloth or other fabric in lengths is to be
printed, it is wound upon a roller at the printing end of the framing, and is
thence drawn forward through a slot in the tympan and passed over the stone,
being wound up as it is is printed by means of self-acting rollers; or the cloth
may be passed in the opposite direction, that is to say, being unwound from a
roller between the scraper and the inking details, and passing over the stone
thence to a taking up roller on the other side of the scraper; or, again, the
delivery roller may be carried by the tympan frame. The whole of the move-
ments are actuated from a single continuously revolving shaft overhead, and
suitable cams or clutches are provided for the purpose of stopping and starting
the several intermittent motions. By placing an inking and damping apparatus
at or near the centre of the machine, the printing may go on continuously, as
the inking movement could thus supply two stones. The same general process
is pursued when the zincographic system is adopted.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I shall now

page_text: proceed to describe the several explanatory Figures on the two Sheets or
Drawings hereunto attached.
bars H, some of which are
bolted to pendant brackets I,
The shaft of the pinion F has
Figure 1, on Sheet 1 of the Drawings, is a front elevation, and Figure 2 is
a plan of my improved lithographic and zincographic printing machine com-
plete. Figures 3 and 4, on Sheet 2 of the Drawings, are end elevations of
the machine, looking on opposite ends. Figure 5, on Sheet 2 of the Drawings,
is a plan of the connection bolt between the carriages of the stone and tympan;
and Figure 6, on the same Sheet, is a plan on a reduced scale of the driving
gearing, shewing the manner in which the motions are reversed and varied, as
required. The framing consists of two parallel cast-iron side standards A,
bolted to the flooring by foot flanges, and connected together by transverse tie
rods B. The standards are cast with grooves C, which run along their entire
extent on their inner top sides, and serve to support the carriage D, upon which
the stone E is placed. This carriage D traverses back and forward along the
machine, this movement being effected by means of a pinion F, carried in
bearings on the under side of the carriage, and gearing with the stationary rack
G. This rack is carried upon a series of cross
bolted to the side standards A, whilst others are
which brackets are bolted to the side standards.
fast upon it a bevil wheel J, by means of which it is driven, this bevil wheel .J
being in gear with a bevil wheel K, carried by the shaft L, running from end
to end of the machine. The bevil wheel K is kept in gear with the bevil
wheel J by means of a fork M, fixed to the carriage D, and disposed in a groove
on the elongated boss of the bevil wheel. This bevil wheel K traverses along
the shaft, which is formed with a longitudinal groove, the bevil wheel carrying
a key to fit the groove, and the bevil wheel is consequently made to revolve
with the shaft, although it traverses back and forward upon it along with the
carriage D. The shaft L is carried in bearings N, bolted to the extreme cross
bars II of the framing, and it is additionally supported by a travelling bearing
O, cast in one piece with the fork M, and bolted to the under side of the
carriage D. On one of the overhanging ends of the shaft L is keyed a bevil
wheel P, which is in gear with a bevil wheel Q, upon, the transverse horizontal
shaft R, carried in bearings in the brackets S, bolted at that end to the side
standards. The shaft R has fast upon its overhanging end a pulley T, round
which is passed a belt from a pulley U on an overhead shaft V, and the motion
from this shaft is consequently communicated to the carriage D by the means
just described. The reversing of the motion is effected between the shaft. V.
and a parallel first motion shaft W.. This shaft W carries a long drum X,
from which two belts, an open one Y, and a crossed one Z, are passed to

page_text: or
separate sets of fast and loose pulleys a, b, on the shaft V. The pulleys a, b,
are of different diameters, so that the speed of the carriage D is quicker when
traversing in one direction than when traversing in the other. The reversing
is effected by a pair of forks c, carried by a bar d, which slides in suitable
guides, which are not here represented, and is connected to a lever e, on the
upper end of a vertical spindle f, carrying two levers at or near its lower ex-
tremity; one g, being fitted with a handle for being actuated by the attendant,
and the other h, being arranged to be worked by the machine itself. For this
purpose, this last-mentioned lever h is jointed to a rod i, carried in guide eyes
along the inside of the standard A. Two adjustable stops j are fixed upon the
rod i, and are so situated as to be acted upon by a catch k, bolted to the
under side of the carriage D, so that as this carriage approaches the end of its
traverse in either direction, the catch k, coming in contact with one of the stops
j, shifts the rod i, and causes the motion to be reversed by means of the con-
nections just described. The carriage D is extended behind the stone E, to
receive the ink slab l, upon which the ink is well spread out previous to its
application to the stone. The ink may either be supplied to the slab 7 by hand,
by the self-acting mechanism represented in the Drawings. The ink is con-
tained in a small trough m, carried by brackets n, bolted to the side standards,
and it is taken from this trough by a roller o, one of a series which spread it
and convey it to a vibrating roller p. This last roller is carried in the ends of
a pair of levers q, oscillating on centres carried by the framing. The opposite
ends of the levers 9 are acted upon by spring cams r, carried by the carriage D,
arranged so that the traverse of the carriage brings down the roller p upon the
slab 7, so as to impart a small quantity of ink to the latter. After the cams
pass the levers q, the roller p is lifted up by the reaction of a pair of caoutchouc
springs s, so as to be quite clear of the stone in case it reaches as far. The ink
is imparted to the stone by means of a pair of rollers t, linked together, and
worked back and forward by a pair of vibrating levers u, to which they are
connected by the rods v. The levers vibrate upon a transverse shaft w,
passed through eyes in the side standards A, at their bases and at their extreme
ends. These levers u are also connected together at about the middle of their
length by the cross bar æ, which is connected by the rod y to the crank z of a
transverse shaft 1, carried in bearings in the side standards. This shaft 1 has
a cone pulley 2, fixed upon its overhanging end, and it is driven by means of
a belt passed round the cone 2, and round a reverse cone 3, on the first motion
shaft W, above the cone pulley arrangement, affording a means of varying the
velocity of the motion of the inking rollers t, and of the other details driven
from the shaft 1. A cord or belt 4 is passed from a pulley on the shaft 1 to a

page_text: pulley on the spindle of the lowest inking roller o, and a twisted belt is passed
round pulleys on the spindles of the two end rollers of the series o, so that these
are uniformly driven, the intermediate rollers being driven by frictional contact
with the two end rollers. When the rollers t are not resting upon the stone
they are supported by rails or flanges 5, cast upon the side standards. The
damping apparatus is placed next the inking details, and consists of a damping
pad 6, of any suitable absorbent material. It is attached to a shallow dished
casting 7, along the centre of which are a set of perforations for the passage
through of water to the pad surface, the water being supplied in small quantities
to the top of the dished casting 7. The pad is mounted upon the pins of the
cranks 8, carried by a pair of vertical shafts 9, one on each side of the framing.
The shafts 9 revolve in plain eyes cast upon or bolted to the side standards, and
they have fixed upon their lower extremities smooth surfaced conical wheels 10,
which are driven by the frictional contact of corresponding conical wheels 11,
carried by a transverse shaft 12. This shaft 12 revolves in bearings in the
side standards, and carries a pulley, which is driven by a belt 13, from a pulley
on the shaft 1. The damper 6 requires to be depressed at intervals, for which
purpose the shafts 9 are passed through eyes in the extremities of a transverse
bar 14, and they rest upon this bar by means of adjustable collars. The bar
passes through slots in the side standards, and is ordinarily pressed upwards so
as to lift the damper above the level of the stone by means of springs 15,
carried by small brackets bolted to the side standards. Two vertical rods 16,
are fixed to the bar 14, and pass up through guide eyes in one of the rack
supports H. These rods have short pieces 17, jointed to their upper ends in
such a manner as to be capable of turning in one direction only, and they are
arranged to be acted upon by cam pieces 18, on the under side of the carriage
D, so that when the carriage D is traversing towards the inking details the
cams 18 depress the rods 16, their upper jointed extremities not being able
to yield in that direction. This action depresses the bar 14, and allows the
damper 6 to sink upon the stone at the same time that the cones 10 come into
contact with the cones 12, and the cranks being in consequence made to rotate,
the damper has thereby imparted to it a transverse curvilinear movement,
producing a very efficient damping or moistening action. On the return of the
carriage D, the joints 17, of the rods 16, give way, and the damper remains
in its elevated position. After the passage forward of the carriage D, the
joints 17 are re-elevated by caoutchouc springs 19.
The tympan frame 20 is jointed to a carriage 21, separate and distinct from
the carriage D, on which the stone is placed, although both traverse in the
same grooves in the side standards. The tympan is made to lift gently off the

page_text: stone after each impression is taken, by means of curved and inclined guides
22, bolted to the tops of the side standards, and arranged to act upon pulleys
23, on each side of the tympan frame 20. The machine is represented in my
Drawings as arranged for printing continuous fabrics, or fabrics in considerable
lengths, the fabric being primarily wound upon a roller 24, carried in suitable
bearings on the extreme end of the tympan frame. The fabric passes from
the roller 24 under the tympan to a roller 25, carried in bearings in the
opposite end of the tympan carriage. This last roller 25 serves for measuring
the fabric, which merely passes round it, being finally wound upon the roller
26, carried in bearings nearer the tympan. A measured quantity of the fabric
is taken up by the roller 26 between each impression. When the carriage D
traverses towards the inking details, the tympan carriage follows it, until it
reaches the position given to it in the Drawings. The spindle of the measuring
roller 25 has a small wheel 27 fixed upon its overhanging end. This wheel is
formed with a finely serrated periphery, to act frictionally upon the periphery
of the measuring wheel 28, with which it comes in contact on reaching the end
of its traverse towards the centre of the machine. The wheel 28 has its
periphery covered with leather, to be the better acted upon by the wheel 27, and
it is carried on a stud pin on the side standard. The spindle of the take-up
roller 26 has a frictional disc 29 fixed upon it, and when in the position herein
represented this disc is opposite to a corresponding disc 30 on a short spindle
31, carried by a bracket 32, bolted to the side standard. The spindle 31 is
capable of traversing in its bearings, and it is ordinarily kept in its outermost
position by a spring 33, abutting against one of the bearings and against a
pulley 34, fast on the spindle, which is driven by means of a belt passing to a
pulley 35 below. The pulley 35 is fast on a short spindle which carries
another pulley 36, and a belt 37 passes from this last pulley round a pulley on
the shaft 12, already described as continuously revolving. When the take-up
roller with its disc 29 is brought opposite to the disc 30, the latter is forced
into contact with the disc 29 by a bell crank lever 38, which is actuated by a
rod 39, which rod is itself shifted by a catch 40 on the tympan carriage as
this carriage traverses towards the centre of the machine. The disc 30 being
in contact with the disc 29, rotatory motion is communicated to the take-up
roller 26, which accordingly winds up the fabric. This action turns the
measuring roller 25 by means of the friction of the passing fabric, and the
wheel 27 on the spindle of the roller 25 turns the measuring wheel 28. The
wheel 28 carries a pin 41, arranged to lift the catch 40 on coming round to
that point, and when this catch is lifted the re-action of the spring 33 takes
the dise 30 out of contact with the dise 29, and the roller 26 consequently

page_text: ceases from winding the fabric. It follows from these arrangements that the
length of fabric taken up each time will correspond to the length of the arc
through which the pin 41 requires to be turned before it lifts the catch 40.
This distance is regulated by means of a finger piece 42, fixed by the stiff
friction of a nut upon the stud which carries the wheel 28. On the wheel 28
being released by the recession of the wheel 27, the pin 41 falls down as far
as the finger 42 will permit it, starting from that point on a subsequent
measuring action taking place, so that the arc through which the pin bas
to travel before it can throw up the catch 41 will be longer or shorter,
accordingly as the finger piece 42 is adjusted further from or nearer to that
point. The extreme length measurable by the apparatus, as here arranged, is
that which corresponds to the arc which the pin will have to traverse when
free to descend to its lowest possible position. To soften the jerking action of
the tynipan carriage on bringing the wheel 27 up against the wheel 28, the
latter is carried by a small bracket, slotted to traverse a short distance on a
couple of bolts on the side standard, and this bracket is connected to the
framing by a spring 43, which permits the wheel 28 to yield a little, whilst the
reactionary force of the spring ensures a sufficient contact pressure between
the wheels 27 and 28.
The scraper frame consists of the two slotted standards 44, bolted to the top
of the side standards A, and connected by a transverse stay 45, bolted to their
upper ends.
The scraper box 46 is formed with short spindles at each
end, which are entered in the sliding bearings 47, let into the slots in the
standards 44. The scraper 48 is fitted into a socket on the under side of
the scraper box 46, and it is either fixed in the box by a pinching screw,
or a slight clastic action may be given to it by interposing a strip of
caoutchouc in the socket, this material allowing the scraper to yield to
any extraordinary pressure. A couple of lugs 49 are bolted to the top
of the scraper box, and these lugs abut against flanges 50, cast upon the
insides of the standards 44. The scraper box is thus free to oscillate upon its
spindles in one direction only; so that it is held firmly in a vertical position
whilst the stone and tympan are passing under it, towards the right-hand end
of the machine when the impression is taken off, whilst on returning the
scraper turs freely to the other side without communicating any pressure. In
addition to this movement, the scraper box is lifted up and down in its slots by
the back and forward motion of the carriage D. Vertical screw spindles 51
work in each of the bearings 47, and raise or depress them accordingly as they
are turned in either direction. These spindles 51 have bevil wheels 52, fixed

page_text: upon their upper plain ends, which project through the tops of the standards,
and these bevil wheels are in gear with bevil wheels 53, carried by a transverse
horizontal spindle 54, revolving in bearings cast upon the cross piece 45. On
the overhanging end of the spindle 54 is keyed a small pinion 55, in gear with
a segmental rack 56, carried by the lever 57, which oscillates on a stud carried
by the standards 44. The lever 57 is jointed at its lower end to a rod 58, the
other end of which is jointed to a lever 59, oscillating on a stud carried by the
side standards A. This last-mentioned lever 59 is jointed at its lower end to a
link piece 60, which is adjustable upon the rod i, for reversing the motion of
the detail for traversing the carriage D. As this rod i is shifted, on the
carriage D approaching either end of its traverse it communicates an oscillating
movement to the segmental rack 56, which acts upon the pinion 55, and turns
the screws 51, thereby raising or lowering the scraper box 46, as the case may
be. The various joints of this movement are made adjustable, so that the
pressure of the scraper may be regulated with the greatest nicety. The machine
operates in the following manner:-Supposing that an impression has just been
taken, the stone traverses towards the inking details, before reaching which it
is subjected to the action of the damper. After being dampted and inked, the
stone returns, the damper remaining elevated during this return. The stone
passes on to the scraper frame, and, coming up to the tympan carriage, pushes
it forward; the tympan falling gently upon the surface of the stone, and
the whole passing under the scraper, the impression is then taken. After this
the stone begins to return towards the inking apparatus, and the tympan
carriage returns with it a certain distance. The take-up and measuring rollers
being upon the tympan carriage, the re-traverse of this carriage brings them up
to the measuring mechanism, and a portion of the fabric corresponding to the
impression is taken up, a fresh portion being drawn under the tympan in
readiness for a succeeding impression. The tympan carriage 21 is made to
return with the carriage D by means of the catch arrangement represented in
Figure 5 of the Drawings. The tympan carriage 21 is provided with a double
catch bolt 61, arranged to hold upon suitable catches 62, upon the carriage D,
by means of a spring 63. When the carriage 21 reaches the point at which
it is required to stop, it is disconnected from the carriage D by a cam piece 64,
bolted to the side of the framing, and arranged to act upon the bolt 61
through the intervention of a short lever 65, which is linked to the bolt. The
front edge of the stone is bevilled, as at 66, to allow it to enter easily under
the scraper, and the strain of the scraping pressure is taken off the grooves C,
in which the carriage D slides, by a pair of stout friction pulleys 67, carried

page_text: upon strong studs just inside the side standards A, and immediately below the
Scraper 48.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I may observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself
to the precise details or arrangements which I have had occasion to describe
or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without deviating from
the principles or main features of my Invention; but what I consider to be
novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,
First, the general arrangement and construction of lithographic and zinco-
graphic printing apparatus, as herein-before described.
Second, the application and use in lithographic and zincographic printing
machines of a self-acting damper or moistener, to which a curvilinear motion
is given by causing the points of suspension of the damper to rotate horizontally,
as herein-before described.
Third, the system or mode of fixing the inking slab and stone or plate on
the same carriage, or in such connection with cach other that the traverse
movement brings them alternately under a pair of reciprocating rollers, which
take up the ink from the slab, and apply it to the stone or plate, as herein-
before described.
Fourth, the system or mode of bevilling the front edge of the stone or plate,
to enable it to enter easily under the scraper, thereby avoiding the necessity of
raising the scraper on the entrance of the stone beneath it, as herein-before
described.
Fifth, the system or mode of causing the tympan to be lifted off the stone or
plate on its recession from under the scraper, by means of a guide plate or
plates acting on a pulley or pulleys or other guide details carried by the tympan
frame, as herein-before described.
Sixth, the system or mode of and the mechanical contrivance for taking
up and measuring the fabric or material operated upon, as herein-before
described.
Seventh, the system or mode of fixing or jointing the tympan frame of
lithographic and zincographic printing machines to a traversing carriage or
frame distinct and separate from the carriage or frame upon which the stone
or plate is placed, so that the latter can be traversed clear away from the
tympan frame, when required, as herein-before described.
Eighth, the application and use in lithographic and zincographic printing

page_text: machines of an oscillating scraper, in combination with self-acting mechanism
for lifting and depressing the same, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hamilton Glassford, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
JOHN HAMILTON GLASSFORD. (L.S.)