Improvements in Ploughs.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ploughs.
1, CARL KOHLERT, of No. 162/5, Frankfurter Chaussee, Friedrichsberg, near
Berlin, Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
Numerous devices for adjusting ploughs and rendering them inoperative are
already known by means of which the land-wheel and the furrow-wheel can be
moved either in the same direction or in opposite directions but with no single
known device is it possible to perform both of these operations.
In wheeled ploughs it is a matter of importance that the wheels be situated
differently in relation to the body of the plough during work for different kinds
of soils.
In the case of land where the nature of the soil frequently varies, it is desir-
able to employ a plough sometimes with one position of the wheels and sometimes
with another position of the wheels.
Now, the adjusting-apparatus according to this invention is a combination of
the two constructions above mentioned and is such that the ploughman can
immediately and without much trouble set the wheels either according to the
one or according to the other of the two ways above mentioned. This is effected
by means of only one operating lever and of several lever-arms or only one bent
lever on the wheel-axle of the plough, separate centres of rotation being used
for the connecting-rod of the operating lever and the connexion or combination
of the constructional parts being correspondingly altered.
In one arrangement there is provided on the axle of the land-wheel a lever
having several arms. When the operating lever is connected by means of one
connecting rod with one of the arms of the land-wheel axle at a point below the
line joining the axis of the said axle with the axis of rotation of the operating
lever, and by means of another connecting-rod with an arm of the furrow-wheel
axle at a point also below the said line, then when the operating-lever is moved
about its centre of rotation in an upward direction, both the land-wheel and the
furrow-wheel will be moved forwards; but when, the first-mentioned connecting-
rod is connected with another arm of the said lever at a point above the said
line, then on the aforesaid movement of the operating lever only the furrow-
wheel will move forwards whilst the land-wheel will be moved backwards.
In another arrangement two pins, placed on opposite sides of the centre of
rotation of the operating lever are provided for connecting the operating lever
with the land-wheel. When one of these pins is connected to the land-wheel
arm and the operating lever is moved upwards about its centre of rotation, both
wheels will be moved forward; but if the land-wheel connecting rod be removed,
and another connecting rod be attached to the land-wheel arm and to the other
of the said situated pins, then with the aforesaid movement of the operating
lever, only the furrow-wheel will be moved forwards whilst the land-wheel will
be moved to the rear.

page_text: In a third arrangement there is provided for the attachment of the land-wheel
arm a bell-crank lever which has one of its arms made double and which is
capable of being turned for adjusting-purposes. When the arm of the land-
wlieel axle is attached to one portion of the double arm and the point of attach-
ment of the connecting rod to the other arm is below the line connecting the
axis of rotation of the land-wheel arm and the axis of rotation of the operating
lever, then both wheels are moved forwards when the operating lever is moved
upward about its centre of rotation; but when the land-wheel arm is. discon-
nected and is attached to the other portion of double arm and the other arm is
attached to the connecting rod above the aforesaid line, then on moving the
operating lever about its centre of rotation as before, the furrow-wheel will be
moved forwards but the land-wheel will be moved to the rear.
In another arrangement the land-wheel arm is connected to one arm of a bell-
crank lever which is adapted to be turned for adjusting-purposes; and the
connecting-rod is attached to the operating lever at a point above the line con-
necting the axis of the land-wheel arm and the axis of rotation of the operating
lever. When the land-wheel connecting-rod is attached to the other arm of the
bell-crank lever at a point below the aforesaid line both wheels are moved
forwards by the upward movement of the operating-lever. If, however, the
connecting-rod be detached, the bell-crank lever be turned upwards, and the
connecting-rod be again attached to the same pin of the latter, which will then be
above the aforesaid line, then on the above-mentioned movement of the operating-
lever the furrow-wheel will move forwards as before, but the land-wheel will
move to the rear.
In each of the first two arrangements the arm of the land-wheel is parallel to
that of the furrow-wheel when the parts are adjusted so as to cause the wheels
to move in opposite directions, whereas in the last two arrangements the two
arms make an acute angle with each other when the parts are so adjusted. In
each arrangement the arm of the furrow-wheel is so connected with the operating-
lever by means of a connecting-rod that it will always be moved in the way
stated without any alteration of the connexion.
D
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
I, CARL KOHLERT, of No. 162/5, Frankfurter Chaussee, Friedrichsberg, near
Berlin, Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
Numerous devices for adjusting ploughs and rendering them inoperative arc
already known by means of which the land-wheel and the furrow-wheel can be
moved either in the same direction or in opposite directions but with no single
known device is it possible to perform both of these operations.
In wheeled ploughs it is a matter of importance that the wheels be situated
differently in relation to the body of the plough during work for different kinds
of soils.
In the case of land where the nature of the soil frequently varies, it is desir-

page_text: able to employ a plough sometimes with one position of the wheels and sometimes
with another position of the wheels.
Now the adjusting-apparatus according to this invention is a combination of
the two constructions above mentioned and is such that the ploughman can
immediately and without much trouble set the wheels either according to the
one or according to the other of the two ways above mentioned. This is effected
by means of only one operating lever and of several lever-arms or only one bent
lever on the wheel-axle of the plough, separate centres of rotation being used
for the connecting-rod of the operating lever and the connexion or combination
of the constructional parts being correspondingly altered.
The accompanying drawings illustrate several forms of construction of the
adjusting apparatus.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 there is provided on the axle of the land-
wheel a lever having several arms. When the operating lever C is connected by
means of the connecting-rod b with the arm a of the land-wheel axle at a point
below the line joining the axis of the said axle with the axis of rotation of the
operating lever, and by means of the connecting-rod b with an arm of a the
furrow-wheel axle at a point also below the said line, as shown in full lines then
when the operating-lever C is moved about its centre of rotation z in an upward
direction, both the land-wheel R and the furrow-wheel R¹ will be moved for-
wards as indicated by thin single lines; but when the first-mentioned con-
necting-rod is connected with another arm all of the said lever at a point
above the said line, as shown by double dotted lines, then on the aforesaid move-
ment of the operating lever C only the furrow-wheel R¹ will move forwards whilst
the land-wheel R will be moved backwards into the position indicated by single
dotted lines.
In another arrangement, shown in Fig. 2, two pins placed on opposite
sides of the centre of rotation z of the operating lever C are provided for con-
necting the operating lever with the land-wheel. When the pin i is connected
to the land-wheel arina as shown in full lines and the operating lever C is moved
upwards about its centre of rotation z, both wheels R R¹ will be moved forward,
as shown by thin single lines, but if the land-wheel connecting rod 6 be removed,
and another connecting rod 6 be attached to the land-wheel arm a and to the
other of the said situated pins as shown in double dotted lines then with the
aforesaid movement of the operating lever, only the furrow-wheel R¹ will be
moved forwards, whilst the land-wheel R will be moved to the rear as shown
in dotted single lines.
In a third arrangement, shown in Fig. 3, there is provided for the attachment
of the land-wheel arm A a bell-crank lever which has one of its arms made double
and which is capable of being turned for adjusting-purposes.
When the arm A of the land-wheel axle is attached to one portion c of the
double arm and the point of attachment of the connecting rod to the other arm a
is below the line connecting the axis of rotation of the land-wheel arm and the
axis of rotation of the operating lever C then both wheels are moved forwards
when the operating lever is moved upward about its centre of rotation z, into the
positions shown in single thin lines.
When the land-wheel arm A is disconnected and is attached to the other por-
tion of the double arm and the other arm a is attached to the connecting rod
above the aforesaid line as shown in thick single lines then on moving the
operating lever C about its centre of rotation z as before, the furrow-wheel R¹
will be moved forwards but the land-wheel R will be moved to the rear as shown
in single dotted lines.
In another arrangement shown in Fig. 4 the land-wheel arm is connected to
one arm of a bell-crank lever which is adapted to be turned for adjusting-pur-
poses and the connecting-rod is attached to the operating-lever at a point ¹
above the line connecting the axis of the land-wheel arm and the axis of rotation
of the operating-lever. When the land-wheel connecting rod b is attached to

page_text: the other arm a of the bell-crank lever at a point below the aforesaid line both
wheels are moved forwards by the upward movement of the operating lever. If,
however, the connecting-rod be detached, the bell-crank lever be turned upwards
into the position shown by single thick lines and the connecting-rod be again
attached to the same pin of the latter, which will then be above the aforesaid
line, then on the above-mentioned movement of the operating-lever the furrow-
wheel will move forwards as before, but the land-wheel will move to the rear.
In each of the first two arrangements the arm of the land wheel is parallel to
that of the furrow-wheel when the parts are adjusted so as to cause the wheels
to move in opposite directions, whereas in the last two arrangements the two
arms make an acute angle with each other when the parts are so adjusted. In
each arrangement the arm a¹ of the furrow-wheel axle is so connected with the
operating-lever by means of a connecting-rod that it will always be moved in
the way stated without any alteration of the connexion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what
I claim is:―
•
1. Apparatus for adjusting wheeled ploughs and for rendering them inopera-
tive wherein the connecting rod for operating the land wheel is capable of being
fixed either above or below the pivot pin of the operating lever substantially as
described with reference to and shown in Fig. 2 of the annexed drawings.
2. Apparatus for adjusting wheeled ploughs and for rendering them inopera-
tive wherein the connecting rod 6 for operating the land wheel is capable of
being connected to a pin or stud either below or above the axis of rotation of the
land wheel axle portion for the purpose of allowing the land wheel to be adjusted
at will either in the same or in an opposite direction to the furrow wheel, sub-
stantially as described with reference respectively to and shown in Fig. 1, in
Fig. 3 and in Fig. 4 of the drawings annexed.
3. Apparatus for adjusting ploughs and for rendering them inoperative, con-
structed arranged and operating substantially as herein before described with
reference respectively to and shown in Fig. 1, in Fig. 2, in Fig. 3 and in Fig. 4
of the drawings annexed.
حيون
1
A
A
”י
1000
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.