IM- PROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bernhard Samuelson and William George Manwaring, of
Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Engineers, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES."
Sealed the 17th November 1876, and dated the 12th September 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bernhard Samuelson and
William George Manwaring at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 12th September 1876.
BERNHARD SAMUELSON and WILLIAM GEORGE MANWARING, of Banbury, in the
County of Oxford, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES."
Our Invention of improvements in harvesting machines relates to that class of
harvesting machines in which a raking device is adapted to one side of a segmental
Its novelty
platform for the purpose of raking up and gathering the reaped corn.
consists,―
First In the combination of a cam or section of a cone with a bridge piece, and
two guides from the bridge piece to the cam; one of these guides may be hinged
while the other is capable of lateral adjustment; there are also shifting or extending
friction rollers on the rake arms. These rollers are adjusted so as to run on the
biidge piece during a part of the revolution, and on the cam during the other part,
or on the cam throughout the revolution In the former case the corresponding
rakes will act only as gatherers, and will leave the crop on the platform; in the
latter they will remove it Whenever it is desired (during the progress of the
machine) that a rake which has been set so as to remove the crop shall (during any
revolution of the raking device) omit to do so then by shifting that guide which is
capable of such adjustment the roller of such rake is made to mount on the bridge
piece, and the operation of raking off will be suspended.
The second part of the Invention consists in hinging the rake arms to a split disc
or plate provided with lugs or sockets, and mounted on a rotating shaft, each half
of-which plate may be reversible and have a different number of lugs or sockets on
its opposite sides.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Bernhard Samuelson and William George Manwaring in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 12th March 1877.
BERNHARD SAMUELSON and WILLIAM GEORGE MANWARING, of Banbury, in the
County of Oxford, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES
و"
Our Invention relates to that class of harvesting machines in which a raking
device is placed at one side of a segmental platform for the purpose of gathering the
crop and raking it off when cut. It is not necessary that all the gatherers should
be provided with rakes properly so called. Its novelty consists,-
First. In the combination of the cam or section of a cone usual in such machines
with a bridge piece and two guides, and with shifting or extending friction rollers
on the rake arms, those rollers being made either to run on the bridge piece during a
part of the revolution and on the cam during the other part, or else on the cam through-
out the revolution. In the former case the corresponding rakes will act only as
gatherers, and will leave the cut crop on the platform; in the latter they will:
remove it. Whenever it is desired (during the progress of the machine) that a rake
which had been set so as to remove the cop shall during a given revolution of the
raking device omit to do so, then by moving a guide, a roller on the aim of such
rake is made to mount on to the bridge piece, and its operation of raking is
suspended.
In the accompanying Drawings we have shewn two ways of effecting this object,
in one of which the guide or approach to the bridge which serves to elevate the
rake arms is capable of being shifted during the action of the machine, while in the
other rolleis on the rake arms are mado adjustable for the like purpose
Fig 1, Sheot I, is a side view of the rake cam fitted with a bridge piece, and
having inclined guides which form ways for the rollers of the rake arins to pass
from the cam to the bridge piece, and vice versa. Figures 2 and 3 are plan views
of the parts shewn in elevation at Fig 1
Fig. 4, Sheet II, shows in sectional elevation the rake cam with the gatherers
and take shaft in place, and a portion of the gathering and raking mechanism
applied thereto; and Fig. 5 is a transverse section of one of the rake arms showing
a mode of fitting a shifting roller to the rake aim. A is the bridge piece having a
lip A¹, which projects over that part of the ordinary cam B which is nearest the
platform. The bridge piece is a fixture, being attached by preference to the cam,
and it has at one end a laterally shifting guide C, and at the other a hinged guide
D, which latter is pivotted to the bridge piece at E, as shewn in Fig. 1. F is one
of the usual friction rollers attached to a ake aim. This roller is capable, as
indicated by dots at F¹, of being shifted along the rake arm further from the pivot
H which connects the rake arm with the rotating shaft L Gis a bracket carrying
the friction roller, and it is by the endway movement of this bracket that the
shifting of the roller is effected. This bracket rests in guides formed in the under-
side of the socket I of the rake arm K, and it is secured in place by means of a
screw G which enters one or other of two threaded holes, shewn at Fig. 4, made in
the socket I. Now, if it is intended that the rake attached to an arm shall during
every rotation of the shaft merely incline the crop towards the cutting apparatus
without removing it from the platform after it is cut, then the bracket G is attached
in the position shown by dots at G¹, Fig. 4, before the machine is set to work. The
roller will then, on arriving at the bottom of the shifting guide C (no matter what
the position of that guide may be), leave the cam, run up that guide, follow the
bridge, and descend over the top of the hinged guide D, and thus the rake will be
kept clear of the crop lying on the platform. At the bottom of the hinged piece it
will regain the cam. But when it is intended that a rake shall either rake off the
crop or shall be controllable whilst the machine is in motion so as either to remove
the cut crop or to leave it on the platform, then the bracket is attached as at G,
and the action of the rake will depend on the position in which the attendant

page_text: places the shifting guide C If that guide remains as shewn in the plan view,
Fig. 2, which represents its normal position, then the 1oller will follow the cam B
throughout the revolution of the rake arm, clearing the shifting guide. passing
under the projection or lip of the bridge piece, as shewn at Fig. 4, and lifting the
hinged guide D to pass under it; but if the attendant should move the shifting
guide Cinwards to the position shewn in the plan view, Fig. 3, then the roller will
mount on the guide, and so traverse the bridge piece just as if the roller itself had
been moved outwards to the position F¹.
The guide C slides upon a pin C which projects laterally from the bridge A, and
it is operated by means of a cranked rock lever which is brought under the
command of the attendant in the following manner -On the underside of the
socket of the guide C is a stud (see Fig 1) which connects it with a cranked rock
lever C, this rock lever is pivotted at C³ to a bracket B¹ of the cam B, and it is
connected by a link C' to a chain C, leading to the seat of the attendant. When
therefore the attendant pulls upon this chain the guide will be moved from the
position of Fig. 2 to that of Fig. 3, and thereby brought into the path of the
roller F.
In working the machine the controllable rakes will, for the most part, be allowed
to remove the cut ciop We therefore prefer that when the shifting guide has
been brought into the position shewn in Fig 3, its back or return motion should be
effected by a spring or counterweight
In Sheet III., Figures 6, 7, and 8 shew a modification of the above described
arrangement for effecting the control of the rake arms while the machine is in
motion. In this case these take arms which are intended to be controlled are each
fitted with two rollers, one of which is made to slide end wise in lieu of using a
shifting guide to enable the roller to run over the bridge.
Fig. 6 is a partial plan view of this modified arrangement of raking apparatus.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the same, taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig 6; and Fig. 8
is a similar section taken in the line 3, 4, of Fig. 6.
In these views similar letters of reference to those used in Sheets I. and II. refer
to corresponding parts in those Figures.
The bridge A is in this case furnished with fixed guides C, D, instead of the
shifting and hinged guides of the first described arrangement. This bridge in con-
nection with the cam B is shown in side elevation at Fig. 9; F is the usual fixed
roller, the axle of which is in this instance carried by a lug on the socket I, and E*
is an additional roller canied by the shifting bracket G which is attached to and
made capable of sliding along the underside of the rake arm K.
Affixed to the forward side of the rake arm is a bracket K³, to which is pivotted
an arm M. Projecting from the face of this arm 19 a pin that enters a slot in the
bracket G, and by this means, as the arm is rocked forward or backward, the
bracket G with its roller will be brought into or thrown out of action. N is a
tappet roller carried by a spindle N¹, which is free to slide endwise in a guide
which constitutes its bearing and forms part of a bracket arm N2 attached to the
side of the cam B. This roller N is, by means of a coiled spring N', retained in the
depressed position shewn by dots in Figures 7 and 8, and while so depressed the roller
F will be in the position shewn in Fig. 8, and out of action. Attached to the lower
end of the spindle N¹ is a pin to which a chain N is attached, this chain is led by
guide rollers up to the seat of the attendant, who, by pulling the chain taut, will
lift the roller N into the diawn position of Fig. 7 As therefore the rake arms
move forward in the direction of the arrow, Fig 6, the arm M will be carried up to
and past the roller, and standing as it does at the time of moving up to the roller in
a position to strike against that roller it will be caused to take the position shown
by dots in Fig 6: The arm M. will be caused to thrust forward the bracket G with
its roller F, and cause that roller as the rake moves forward to mount the bridge
A, and thereby to lift the rake aim into the dotted position of Fig. 8. When the
roller F has traversed the whole distance of the bridge the arm M will come into
contact with a fixed stud roller O canied by a bracket O' attached to the cam B.

page_text: This roller acting upon the opposite side of the aim M to that against which the
roller N bore will rock it in an opposite direction, and thereby return the roller F*
to its normal position. This control of the rake arms will be repeated as the
several take arms come up to the bridge A so long as the attendant keeps the chain
taut or maintains the roller N in the elevated position of Fig 7. When however
he allows the spring N to act it will draw back the roller N to its dotted position,
and the rake arms will then continue to revolve in a lower plane, and thereby
deliver the cut crop from the platform.
The second part of our Invention relates to a mode of connecting the rake arms
with the rotating shaft, and is shewn distinctly in Figures 4, 7, and 8. Fitted to the
upper end of the rotating shaft L are two socket plates P, Q, the contact faces of
which are counterparts of each other, and are intended to receive in their sockets
the trunnions of the rake arm sockets I. The plate P is keyed or otherwise firmly
attached to the rake shaft L, and when the trunnions of the rake arms are laid in
the sockets of the plate P the plate is placed over them, and secured by means
of a binding nut R or its equivalent. This arrangement provides a facile and
economical mode of attaching the rake and gathering arms to the rake shaft.
Having now set forth the nature of our "Invention of Improvements in
Harvesting Machines," and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect,
we wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent we
claim,―
First The application to the rake cam of harvesting machines of a bridge piece
so arranged in combination with rake arms furnished with adjusted friction rollers
as to provide for the passage of the rollers, either over or under the bridge, as
desired.
Secondly. The means above described for causing the bridge piece to act upon
the revolving rake aims, and thereby suspend the raking action while the machine
is in motion as and for the purpose above set forth.
Thirdly. The means above described for connecting the rake or gathering arms
with the rake shaft.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bernhard Samuelson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand sight hundred and seventy-seven.