IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' ANCHORS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Henry Betteley, of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS'
ANCHORS."
Sealed the 8th March 1867, and dated the 13th September 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Henry Betteley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th September 1866.
I, JOSEPH HENRY BETTELEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHIPS' ANCHORS," to be as follows:-
1st, in forming the flukes of solid iron or steel anchors with a double
claw.
2nd, in constructing or forming anchors known as Trotman's or jointed
anchors; these anchors I make with double claw flukes, and on the solid
shank form a fish back or raised part, which the double claw flukes when
holding will clip and by that means be secured.
3rd, in constructing jointed anchors with double shanks; in this case I
make the arms solid and the flukes have a double claw, and I place between
the shanks a plate of wrought or cast iron, or form what I call a fish back

page_text: on the shank which the claw of the upper arm of the anchor will clip when
holding.
4, in affixing the stock to the anchor I form the end of the shank round
instead of square as formerly, and form an iron stock with hole in the centre
to fit on such shank, which I fasten by pin, wedge, or forelock passing through
the same.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Henry Betteley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th March 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
HENRY BETTELEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Henry Betteley, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Henry
Betteley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Joseph Henry Betteley, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' ANCHORS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Joseph Henry Betteley, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Henry Betteley, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in ships' anchors, and
consists of, 1st, in forming the flukes of solid iron or steel anchors with a

page_text: double claw and an elongated shackle for fishing the anchor, as shewn on
Fig. 1.
2nd, in constructing or forming anchors known as Trotman's or jointed
anchors; these anchors I make with double claw flukes; and on the solid
shank I form a fish back or raised part projection on the top and bottom, on
which the double claw flukes will clip or rest when in holding position, and
by that means be secured against torsion or other detrimental strains, as shewn
on Fig. 2.
3rd, in constructing anchors with double or split shanks I make the arms
solid and the flukes with a double claw; I fix between the shanks a plate or
block of wrought or cast iron or other metal, forming fish back or raised part
projections on the top and bottom of the shank, against which projection the
double claw fluke will clip or rest when holding, as shewn on Fig. 3.
4th, in constructing jointed anchors when both the double-claw flukes are
to hold instead of one I attach double or short arms to the long arms or flukes
of the anchor, and I fix a fish back or raised part projection on each side of
the shank instead of the top and bottom as before, against which fish back or
raised part projection and the shank the short arms of the anchor will clip or
rest, thus preventing the further revolving of the long arms, and by clipping
or resting on each side of the shank counteracting torsion or other detrimental
strains. It will be seen that the double claw flukes of the anchor are much
wider than the upper part of the arms, and for the purpose of admitting such
wide double claw flukes I form the shank with a double or forked end, as
shewn on Fig. 4.
5th, in affixing the stock to the anchor I form the end of the shank round
instead of square as formerly, and the stock solid with a hole in the centre to
fit on such shank, which I fasten by a pin, wedge, or forelock passing through
the same, as shewn on Fig. 2.
I now proceed to specify the mode of carrying out my Invention.
A, A, Fig. 1, are the arms of the solid anchor with the flukes B, B, made
broad, and in the shape of a double claw clip; E is an elongated shackle for
fishing the anchor. Anchors with these kind of flukes require this shackle to
make them perfect, although not absolutely imperative.
A, A, Fig. 2, are the arms of a jointed or Trotman's anchor with the flukes
B, B, made broad, and in the shape of a double claw clip; C, C, are the fish
back or raised part projections on the top and bottom of the shank E, against
which the double claw flukes B, B, clip or rest.
A, A, Fig. 3, are the arms of the jointed doubled shanked anchor with the
flukes B, B, made broad, and in the shape of a double claw clip; C, C, is

page_text: the piece of metal with fish back or raised part projections fixed between the
shanks D, D, and secured with bolts and nuts, rivets, or other means against
which the double claw flukes B, B, clip or rest.
A, A, Fig. 4, are the arms of the revolving jointed anchor with the flukes
B, B, made broad, and in the shape of double claw clips; C, C, are the fish
back or raised part projections on each side of the shank E instead of the top
and bottom, as in Fig. 2, against which the short arms D, D, fixed on the
long arms A, A, of the anchor will clip or rest, preventing the long arms A, A,
from turning past a certain angle at which they hold, and by clipping or
resting on the shank E on each side counteracting torsion or other detri-
mental strains; G, G, shew the double or forked end of the shank for
admitting the wide flukes B, B.
In affixing the stock G, G, Fig. 2, to the anchor I form the end F of the
shank E round instead of square as formerly, and the stock G, G, solid
with a hole H in the centre to fit on the end F of the shank E, which I
fasten by a pin, wedge, or forelock K passing through the same, as shewn on
Fig. 2.
By thus constructing anchors I make a stronger and more secure anchor
than those now used, with better holding qualities, by means of the double-claw
flukes and the fish back or raised part projections on the shank, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Henry Betteley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
FRED. POOLE,
Of Liverpool.
JOSEPH HENRY BETTELEY. (L.S.)