Improvements in the Cutting Motion of Looms Employed in the Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in the Cutting Motion of Looms Employed in the
Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
I WILLIAM SMITH, of the Sun Iron Works, Heywood, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING MOTION OF LOOMS EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF DOUBLE PILE FABRICS, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to looms for weaving double pile fabrics, the pile of which
is cut in the loom by a knife traversed to and fro in guides in the loom:frame.
In carrying the first part of my Invention into effect I employ the usual shaft
with a pulley at each end to which pulleys the ends of the knife cords" are
fastened and on which the cords are alternately wrapped and unwrapped as the
knife is traversed from side to side of the loom but I dispense with much of the
gearing and the quadrant for driving the pulley shaft.
In place of this mechanism I employ an additional shaft driven from a spur
wheel on the tappet shaft; on the additional shaft. is keyed a cam with a hollow
path in which lies a bowl secured to a lever pivoted below to the loom frame;
any suitable equivalent may be employed for the cam; on the upper end of this
lever is a swivel piece to which is connected one end of a rope or its equivalent }
the rope passes to the back part of the loom and over a guide tightening pulley;
from this pulley the rope returns toward the front of the loom where it is
connected to a pitch chain which passes over and gears into a spur pinion keyed
on the pulley shaft; the other end of the chain is made fast to the swivel piece on
the lever.
Motion is thus given to the pulley shaft and knife when the cam acts upon and
rocks the lever.
The second part of my Invention consists in an arrangement of self-acting brake
to stop the knife at the end of every to and fro movement.
To effect this a brake lever is pivoted to the loom; the front end of this lever is
lined with leather or other suitable material and acts upon a brake wheel fixed on
the pulley shaft; on the back end the lever carries a bowl which is actuated by a
small eccentric driven by gearing from the tappet shaft to apply the brake and
stop the knife at the required time.
101
CT1000

page_text: Spots in the Cutting motion of Looms Employed in the
Manufacture of Double Pile Fabrics.
I WILLIAM SMITH, of the Sun Iron Works, Heywood, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING MOTION OF LOOMS EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF DOUBLE PILE FABRICS, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to looms for weaving double pile fabrics, the pile of which
is cut in the loom by a knife traversed to and fro in guides in the loom frame.
In carrying the first part of my Invention into effect I employ the usual shaft
with a pulley at each end to which pulleys the ends of the knife cords are fastened
and on which the cords are alternately wrapped and unwrapped as the knife is
traversed from side to side of the loom but I dispense with much of the gearing
and the quadrant for driving the pulley shaft.
In place of this mechanism I employ an additional shaft. driven preferably from
a spur wheel on the tappet shaft; on the additional shaft is keyed a cam with a
hollow path in which lies a bowl secured to a lever pivoted below to the loom
frame; any suitable equivalent may be employed for the cam; on the upper end of
this lever is a swivel piece to which is connected one end of a rope or its equivalent;
the rope passes to the back part of the loom and over a guide tightening pulley;
from this pulley the rope returns towards the front of the loom where it is
connected to a pitch chain which passes over and gears into a spur pinion keyed
on the pulley shaft; the other end of the chain is made fast to the swivel piece on
the lever..
Motion is thus given to the pulley shaft and knife when the cam acts upon and
rocks the lever.
The second part of my Invention consists in an arrangement of self-acting brake
to stop the knife carriage and knife at the end of every to and fro movement.
To effect this a brake lever is pivoted to the loom; the front end of this lever is
lined with leather or other suitable material and acts upon a brake wheel fixed
on the pulley shaft; on the back end the lever carries a bowl which is actuated
by a small eccentric driven by gearing from the tappet shaft to apply the brake
and stop the knife carriage and knife at the required time.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.

page_text: Figures I and 2 are a front and an end view respectively of part of a loom for
weaving double pile fabrics to which my improved mechanism for giving motion to
the knife carriage and knife for cutting the pile, and also the self acting brake are
applied.
In these views.-a is the loom frame and a¹ the front part of the frame in
which is a slideway for the knife carriage, b the tappet shaft to which is secured a
spur wheel 6' which gears into a spur wheel e fixed on an additional shaft c¹; on
this shaft c¹ is keyed a hollow cam c³ into the path of which is fitted a bowl f
secured to a lever g pivoted below to the loom frame at g¹; on the upper end of
the lever at g is a swivel piece h to one end of which is connected one end of a
rope which rope passes round a guide tightening pulley j supported by the frame
and free to be moved by the hand wheel ¹ on the screw for the purpose of
tightening or adjusting the rope. The rope is tied at i¹ to one end of a pitch chain k
which passes over and gears into a chain wheel / keyed on a shaft ; the other end
of the chain k is secured by a short piece of rope to the other end of the swivel
piece h on the lever g. On the shaft are mounted two pulleys p p¹ to each of
which is secured an end of one of the two cords m which pass over guide
pulleys n n the other ends of the cords being connected to the knife carriage e, on
which is a knife (not shown in the Drawings) for cutting the pile of the fabric.
The operation is as follows:-When motion is given to the loom and the tappet
shaft b revolves the spur wheel 61 gearing into the wheel c transmits motion to
the shaft c¹ and cam 2 causing them to revolve in the direction indicated by the
arrow in Fig. 2 and thus a rocking motion is imparted to the lever g by the action
of the cam c² on the bowl f. As the lever g is rocked the ropes and chain k move
with it thus causing the chain wheel and shaft to revolve. The effect of this
movement is to wrap the cord on the pulley p¹ and to draw the knife carriage e
along the slideway in a¹ from the right to the left hand side of the loom where
it dwells until the cam c causes the reverse movement of the lever g and chain k
and so turns the shaft in the opposite direction thus wrapping the cord on the
pulley p and carrying the carriage back to the right hand side of the loom.
Mounted. on the loom frame are sharpening rollers o o driven intermittently
by a band; the knife is or may be sharpened by these rollers during the time of
its dwell at the left hand side of the loom.
I have shown and described a hollow cam for actuating the lever g which by its
connections gives a reciprocating motion to the shaft in place of the ordinary
gearing and toothed quadrant, but it is obvious that other suitable mechanism
could be employed for actuating the said lever.
8
In order to bring the knife carriage e and knife quickly to rest and to avoid
their vibration after each traverse to and fro across the loom I employ a brake q
on a lever q which acts upon a brake wheel r keyed to the shaft ; the lever q¹ is
pivoted to the frame at q² and it carries a bowl q³ which lies on an eccentric s cast
with a pinion s'; the pinion 8¹ is preferably driven from the same shaft that drives
the shaft c. The eccentric 8 is adjusted to raise the bowl q³ and apply the brake q
as soon as the carriage e comes to rest and before the carriage is again set in motion
the brake is raised automatically off the wheel by a weight on the end of the
lever q or by a spring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
1. Dispensing with the toothed segment or quadrant and the gearing usually
employed for imparting a reciprocating motion to the ordinary pulley shaft and
knife carriage in a loom for weaving double pile fabrics and substituting therefor a
rocking lever provided with suitable connections for transmitting the reciprocating
motion from the said lever to the said pulley shaft,

page_text: .
2. In a loom for weaving double pile fabrics, the combination with the ordinary
pulley shaft and cords or equivalents for traversing the knife carriage, of a
rocking lever which transmits its reciprocating motion by means of a rope and
toothed chain to a spur pinion fixed on said pulley shaft.
3. The use and application of an automatic brake for the purpose of stopping
the knife carriage and knife at the end of every to and fro movement, substantially
as herein set forth,
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