IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS AND SIMILAR ATTACHMENTS OR FASTENINGS FOR GARMENTS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We, ALFRED JOHN HEYS of Milton Cottage Sale in the County of Chester
Warehouseman and SAMUEL SALKELD of Barlow Moor Lane in the County of
Lancaster Warehouseman do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS AND SIMILAR ATTACHMENTS OR FASTENINGS FOR
GARMENTS to be as follows:-
These Improvements relate to buttons and similar fastenings or attachments for
garments and have for their object to enable the buttons or similar articles to be
attached or secured to the garments without sewing or the use of any special
implement or apparatus.
In carrying out our Invention we form a disc of thin sheet steel, hard brass or
other suitable material. From the centre of the disc we cut three or more short
radial slits. The disc may be flat or dished and it may be stamped or embossed
with any desired pattern or be otherwise ornamented.
In combination with the disc we employ a single or double stud. A convenient -
form for the single stud is similar to that of an ordinary shirt stud consisting of a
disc or flange, a shank or stem and a head of larger diameter than the shank or
stein. The double stud is somewhat similar but has a head at each end of the stem
or shank instead of a head at one end and a flange at the other.
In the simplest form the plain or ornamented disc forms the head of the button
and it is attached or secured to the garment in the following manner: A hole is cut
or pierced in the cloth of a sufficient size to permit the passage of the head of the
stud. The stud having been inserted in the garment the centre of the disc is passed
over the head of the stud.
The fangs or portions of the disc between the radial slits give way for the passage
of the head of the stud, the fangs then close upon the shank of the stud and occupy
an inclined position below and toward the head of the stud thus preventing its
withdrawal.
The diso may have a plain or ornamental cover plate closed upon it in such a
manner as to leave sufficient space between the disc and cover plate for the head of
the stud. The cover plate will also serve to prevent the passage of the stud further
through the disc than is necessary.

page_text: In double buttons for reversible garments such as macintosh cloaks, the double
headed studs are employed in the following or similar manner: One head of the
stud is pushed through the centre of the disc of one of the buttons, the free head of
the stud is then passed through the garment and through the centre of. the disc of
the other button.
When it is desired to attach buttons made according to our Improvements more
rigidly to the garment the shank of the stud may have an enlargement formed upon
it near to the flange; a plain or serrated disc having radial slits as hereinbefore
described is then pushed over the projection formed upon the shank of the stud
which has previously been inserted in the garment. The fabric is by this means
clipped and held between the perforated disc and the flange of the stud.
Dated this fourth day of November 1884.

page_text: :
We, ALFRED JOHN HEYS of Milton Cottage Sale in the County of Chester:
Warehouseman and SAMUEL SALKELD of Barlow Moor Lane in the County of:
Lancaster Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS AND SIMILAR ATTACHMENTS OR FASTENINGS FOR
GARMENTS and in what manner, the same is to be performed, to be particularly:
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to improvements in buttons and similar fastenings or
attachments for garments and the object of our Improvements is to enable the
buttons or similar attachments fastenings or trimmings to be secured to the.
garments without sewing or stitching or the use of any especial implement or
apparatus.
And in order that this Invention may be more readily understood and carried
into practical effect we have hereunto appended a sheet of Drawings marked with
letters of reference similar letters being employed to denote similar parts in the
several views or Figures.
.
In carrying out our Invention we form a disc A B of thin sheet steel, hard brass
or other suitable material. From the centre of the disc A we cut three or more
short radial or approximately radial slits joining each other at the centre of the
dise thus forming three or more short fangs having their points at or near the
centre. The points of the fangs may be cut away if desired as shown in Figs 1
and 10 but this is not essential. The disc may be flat but we prefer that it
should be dished at the centre as shown in the sectional views Figs 1 and 10; and
it may be left plain or be stamped or embossed to any desired pattern or be other-
wise ornamented. The disc is shown in alternative forms in section and plan in
Figs 1 and 10 where A represents the disc, B the dished portion of the disc and
K the short radial slits or fangs.
J
i
In combination with the disc we employ a single or double stud. A convenient
form for the single stud is similar to that of an ordinary shirt or collar stud but we'.
prefer to use modified forms as shown in Figs 2, 3, 6 and 13., Suitable forms for the
double stud are shown in Figs 4 and 5. The single stud consists of a flange or disc F-
to or upon the centre of which is affixed or formed a shank or stein C on the upper
part of which is formed a head D having below it the neck E. The whole of the
stem may in some cases be of the same diameter as the neck E as shown for the
double stud Fig 5.
In its simplest form of application the plain or ornamented slit disc A forms the
head of the button and it is attached to the garment in the following manner;
A hole is cut or pierced in the fabric of a sufficient size to permit the passage of the

page_text: head of the stud. The stud having been inserted in the garment the centre of the
disc is passed over its head D. The fangs K give way to pass the head and then
close upon the neck or stem of the stud and occupy an inclined position below and
toward the head of the stud as shown at B thus preventing its withdrawal without
the employment of injurious force.
The usual forms in which these Improvements are employed are typically illus-
trated in Figs 7, 8 and 13. The disc A may have closed upon its periphery a plain
or ornamental cover plate G. as shown also in Fig 9. In any case sufficient space
must be left between the cover plate and the slit disc for the head D of the stud.
When very little more than room for the head of the stud is left the cover plate G
will also serve to prevent the passage of the stud further through the slit disc than is
necessary. In some cases these Improvements may be modified in the following
manner, referring to Figs 7 and 8. Instead of employing a separate disc and cover,
plate these may be formed by spinning or stamping the cover plate to the desired
pattern leaving sufficient metal to turn in as at A short slits are then cut as shown
in plan Fig 1 at the centre or part through which the head of the stud has to be
passed. The button is attached or applied to the garment by first passing the stud
through a hole formed in the fabric and then pressing the head of the stud through
the disc A.as hereinbefore described.
When it is desired to attach buttons made according to these Improvements more
rigidly to the fabric of the garment the shank of the stud may have an enlargement
formed upon it below which a second neck E¹ Fig 6 is turned near to the flange F:
This stud having been passed through the fabric H Fig 9 a slit disc is passed over
the stud until its fangs engage in the neck E¹. The slit disc in this case may have
a plain circumference as shown in Fig 1 or its edge may be serrated and turned
downwards so as to more firmly engage with the fabric which is clipped between it
and the flange F.,
When it is required to have a button head on each side of the fabric as in
reversible garments the double stud typically illustrated in Figs 4 and 5 may be
employed. With this arrangement one head of the stud D. or D' is pushed into one
of the button heads as shown in Fig 11 the free head of the stud is then passed
through a hole in the fabric and into the other button head.
With this arrange-
ment two additional necks may be formed near the centre of the stud shank upon
each of which the clipping plate previously described and shown in Fig 9 may be
placed so as to hold the fabric between them. Fig 12 represents one form of the
double button as closed for use as it would be on the garment. In this figure the
fabric is not shown but it would be between the two heads of the button. This
form may be modified in the following manner: The flange of the stud may be.
enlarged and ornamented so as to form in itself one of the button heads as at F.
Fig 13 or any desired button head may be secured upon one end of the stud in the
process of manufacture leaving one loose button head only to be secured to the stud
when it is attached to the garment.
The studs may obviously be formed to a very great variety of shapes other than
those shown in the Drawings and they may be constructed of glass; ivory metal or
other material usually employed for similar purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, We déclare that
what we claim is
(1) The combination of the slit dise A with a stud substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore set forth and described.
(2) The combination of the slit disc A with a stud and cover plate G or its
equivalent substantially as herein before set forth and described.
(3) The combination of a stud with two slit discs and with or without cover
plates substantially as hereinbefore set forth and described.

page_text: (4) The combination of a stud having an enlarged flange F or an equivalent
head Fig 13 with a slit disc and with or without a cover plate G substantially as
hereinbefore set forth and described.
(5) The combination of a stud with a slit disc acting as a clip Fig 9 and a slit
disc with or without a cover plate G substantially as and for the purpose herein..
before set forth and described.