Improvements in and relating to Feed-pumps for use in connection. with Vapour Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 15th June, 1900-Accepted, 18th Aug.,
1900
[Communicated from abroad by ELIAS GOTTLIEB BEHREND, of No. 24, Kirchenallee
Hamburg, Engineer, & DR. FRIEDRICH OTTO CORNELIUS ZIMMERMANN, of
Ludwigshafen on the Rhine, Chemist, both in the Empire of Germany.].
Improvements in and relating to Feed-pumps for use in connection.
with Vapour Engines.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
This invention relates to a feed-pump arrangement for vapour engines, i.e.
motive power engines driven by vapours having a low vaporizing point and
possessing considerable tension at low temperature, for example those of sul-
phurous acid or ammonia, such vapours or motive fluids respectively being
required to circulate in the closed cycle of the vapour engine practically without
any loss.
The object of the invention is, during the circulation of the motive fluid
within the vapour engine, to return the condensed vapours in a liquid condition
in a better and more reliable manner and by means of an improved pump, from
the condenser into the vaporizer, than has been possible with pumps of known
construction.
}
I will hereinafter describe a practical form of pump adapted for the purpose
of this invention.
As is well known this kind of engine is operated by the vapours from the
vaporizer, which after having performed the work pass into the condenser to be
liquified. From the condenser they are returned to the vaporizer by the aid of
a feed-pump.
In this cycle it has been observed that with an ordinary feed-pump the readily
vaporizing liquid cannot be sucked in by the pump-plunger owing to the liquid
in the clearance of the pump forming into vapours which fill the interior of
the pump and prevent the suction-valve from opening by and during the suction
stroke of the pump-plunger.
In order to obviate these defects and to cause the condensed liquid to reliably
and regularly enter the pump the arrangement of pump hereinafter described
has been provided with special regard to three points.
First the pump is located at such a level that the liquid from the condenser
gravitates through the pipe into the pump directly the suction valve is opened
by any suitable mechanism for example an eccentric-rod operated from the crank-
shaft of the engine. At the end of the suction stroke the valve thus mechanically
opened is again mechanically closed by the said mechanism or by any other
appropriate means, such as a spring. At the return stroke of the plunger this
latter forces the liquid through a head-valve and suitable conduit into the
vaporizer, which if desired may be also fitted with a mechanically operated inlet-
valve. Such inlet-valve however would have to be arranged in such a manner as
+

page_text: to be closed at the suction stroke of the plunger when the suction-valve is open,
and vice-versa.
The plunger as usual receives motion from the engine.
With a view of as far as possible preventing the vaporizing of the motive
fluid in the interior of the pump, arrangement may be made for circulating a
refrigerating medium around the pump. To this end the pump-barrel is pro-
vided with a jacket so as to form an annular space through which circulates cold
water from an inlet pipe leaving through an outlet pipe. In this manner the
temperature and consequently also the tension of the condensed vapours is kept
reliably as low as the temperature of the refrigerating water permits.
The described arrangement, viz. the low position of the pump, the mechanically
operated suction-valve and the refrigeration of the pump, enables this latter to
feed as long as there is any condensed motive fluid in the condenser. After that
the pump runs empty until again condensed fluid accumulates in the condenser
which immediately is withdrawn by the pump.
It is only by the combination of the arrangement as hereinbefore described, viz.
the refrigerating of the pump, the low position of this latter and the provision
of the mechanically-operated suction-valve, that the special effect has been ob-
tained and that the pump in connection with these kind of vapour engines can
be made to work with reliableness.
The pump-arrangement herein described may also be used in connection with
such vapour engines which in combination with a steam engine, act as a regenera-
tive-engine; and also in connection with closed-cycle vapour engines in which
several vapours having different vaporizing points are used but in such a manner
that the evaporation of the one medium is utilized for vaporizing and for regu-
lating the tension of the other medium.
Dated this 15th Jar of Cantomban 1900
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Feed-pumps for use in connection
with Vapour Engines.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
This invention relates to an improved feed-pump arrangement for vapour engines
i.e. motive power engines driven by vapours having a low vaporizing point and
possessing considerable tension at low temperature, for example those of sul-
phurous acid or ammonia, such vapours or motive fluids respectively being
required to circulate in the closed cycle of the vapour engine practically without
any loss.
The object of the invention is, during the circulation of the motive fluid
within the vapour engine, to return the condensed vapours in a liquid condition
in a better and more reliable manner and by means of an improved pump from
the condenser into the vaporizer than has been possible with pumps of known
construction.

page_text: I will hereinafter describe a practical form of pump adapted for the purpose
of this invention, and for that purpose reference is made to the accompanying
drawings, in which-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section and
Figure 2 an end view, partly in section, of an improved feed pump embodying
my invention.
Figure 3 is a general view on a somewhat smaller scale showing the arrange-
ment and position of the feed pump with reference to the other parts of a vapour
engine.
As is well known this kind of engine is operated by the vapours from the
vaporizer, which after having performed the work in the engine proper pass into
the condenser to be liquified. From the condenser they are returned to the
vaporizer by the aid of a feed-pump.
In this cycle it has been observed that with an ordinary feed-pump the readily
vaporizing liquid cannot be sucked in by the pump-plunger owing to the liquid
in the clearance of the pump forming into vapours which fill the interior of
the pump and prevent the suction-valve or the like from opening by and during
the suction stroke of the pump-plunger.
In order to obviate these defects and to cause the condensed liquid to reliably
and regularly enter the pump, the arrangement of pump hereinafter described
has been provided with special regard to three points.
At the
First the pump P (Figure 3) is located at such a level that the liquid from the
condenser gravitates through the pipe into the pump directly the suction
valve a is opened by any suitable mechanism, for example an eccentric-rod
operated from the crank-shaft f of the engine d. The rod may be pivoted to
To
a swing lever g hinged at gl to the frame or base plate of the feed pump.
this swing lever is connected the valve rod a' of the suction valve .
end of the suction stroke the valve thus mechanically opened is again mechanically
closed by the said mechanism or by any other appropriate means, such as for
instance a spring. At the return stroke of the plunger this latter forces the
liquid through a head-valve and suitable conduit into the vaporizer e, which
if desired may be also fitted with a mechanically operated inlet-valve. Such
inlet-valve however would have to be arranged in such a manner as to be closed
at the suction stroke of the plunger when the suction-valve is open, and vice-
versa.
The plunger as usual receives motion from the engine.
With a view of as far as possible preventing the vaporizing of the motive
fluid in the interior of the pump, arrangement may be made for circulating a
To this end
refrigerating medium, such as water or the like, around the pump.
C
the pump-barrel pl Figure 1 is provided with a jacket p so as to form an annular
space through which circulates cold water from an inlet pipe h, and leaving
through an outlet pipe Figure 2. In this manner the temperature and con-
sequently also the tension of the condensed vapours is kept reliably as low as the
temperature of the refrigerating water permits.
The described arrangement, viz. the low position of the pump, the mechanically
operated suction-valve and the refrigeration of the pump, enables this latter to
After that
feed as long as there is any condensed motive fluid in the condenser.
the pump runs empty until again condensed fluid accumulates in the condenser
which immediately is withdrawn by the pump.
It is only by the combination of the arrangement as hereinbefore described, viz.
the refrigerating of the pump, the low position of this latter and the provision
of the mechanically-operated suction-valve, that the special effect has been ob-
tained and that the pump in connection with these kind of vapour engines can
be made to work effectively.
The pump-arrangement herein described may also be used in connection with
such vapour engines which in combination with a steam engine, act as a regenera-
tive-engine and also in connection with closed-eyele vapour engines in which
;

page_text: several vapours having different vaporizing points are used but in such a manner
that the evaporation of the one medium is utilized for vaporizing and for regu-
lating the tension of the other medium.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In combination with a motive power engine driven by vapours having a low
vaporizing point, a feed pump provided with a positively actuated suction-valve
and with means for circulating a refrigerating medium around the pump barrel,
and being located at a level lower than that of the liquid in the condensor,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The herein-described feed pump for feeding fluids having a low vaporizing
point, constructed, arranged and operating, substantially as hereinbefore set
forth.
Dated this 15th day of June 1900.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.