IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William McCulloch, of Kilmarnock, in the County
of Ayr, North Britain, Plumber, and Thomas Kennedy, of the same
Place, Water Meter Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOP-COCKS OR VALVES."
Scaled the 11th September 1857, and dated the 17th March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William McCulloch and
Thomas Kennedy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 17th March 1857.
We, WILLIAM MCCULLOCH, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North
Britain, Plumber, and THOMAS KENNEDY, of the same Place, Water Meter
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STOP-COCKS OR VALVES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of stop-cocks
or valves intended for the regulation of the flow of water, steam, and other
liquids and aeriform bodies in such manner as to insure fluid tightness and a
general satisfactory working action. As adapted for use in common domestic
stop-cocks, the details of the improved apparatus consist of a main shell or
enlarged tube forming the reception chamber for the water coming from the
main by a lateral branch, by which the shell is screwed on to the main. This
shell or chamber is open throughout, and it has near its back end an internal
shoulder for sustaining an elastic washer or disc of any suitable elastic material,
such washer being of a diameter to fill the bore of the chamber whilst it is
set up in position by an end screw plug. The opposite or front end of the

page_text: chamber is screwed internally for the reception of an external screw formed
upon the moveable discharging branch of the stop-cock. This discharging
branch has its inner entered end plainly squared off, and it is so contrived
that when screwed up in the internal screw or nut of the main shell, this
squared end comes in forcible contact with the elastic end disc or washer already
alluded to. The branch is encircled by a cup piece or disc of some soft or
elastic material for the purpose of making a tight junction with the front end
of the main chamber where it is entered, this. cup piece being covered and
set up by a milled edged washer or disc screwing on to the outside end of
the main shell. The discharge branch is of considerable smaller diameter
than the bore of the main shell, so that the water from the main has free
access all round it, the lateral branch from the main being connected at a
part of the shell between the internal shoulder at one end and the screwed or
nut portion at the other. The outer or projecting end of the discharge branch
is of course curved in the usual manner. When the user turns the curved
end of this branch in one direction, the screw action forces the open inner
squared end of the entered portion of the branch hard up against the elastic
end washer so as most effectually to prevent the access of water from the
main shell into the open end of the branch. But when turned in the reverse
direction, the screw action withdraws the pipe end from its elastic face and
permits the water to enter the open end and flow right out by the curved
branch. This stop-cock can be made to discharge water at any part of the
revolution of the discharge branch by setting up the end elastic washer more
or less as may be required. This stop-cock or valve may obviously be modified
in various ways and fitted up with various details as may be demanded under
the special circumstances of its application.
In another form of stop-cock or valve embraced in these improvements
an elastic disc is set up as required against a fixed end tube face; this
fixed end tube face is on the front end of the actual discharge pipe set
concentrically within an outer shell of larger diameter, which outer shell,
communicates with the water main by a lateral branch. The front end of
the outer shell has a cap screwed on containing the elastic disc which fills
the cap tightly up. The outer end of this cap is screwed or tapped in the
centre to receive a short screwed spindle forming the operating handle of
the valve; as this handle is turned to the right its entered end presses
against the centre of of the elastic disc and thus brings it in contact with
the fixed end tube face shutting off the flow of water through that internal
tube; the reverse turn obviously allows the elastic disc to withdraw from the
end tube face to open up the waterway. This may also be modified so as to

page_text: have the elastic disc fixed and the end tube face moveable, the positions
of these two parts in the valve being reversed. In this case the handle
for working the valve is upon the discharge pipe, the inner end of which
forms the tube end face. The cap in this arrangement contains an elastic
stuffing-box piece to prevent the escape of water outside the discharge tube.
The set up of the end tube face is effected by a lateral stud pin fast in the
tube and entered into a spiral slot cut in the cap or front end of the shell, if
no separate cap is used. Where the elastic disc is the moveable part, it is
preferred to attach a convex fixed cap piece to the end of the set up spindle,
as the actual setter up. of the disc, and instead of setting up the elastic disc
against an end tube face, it may be fitted to cover a lateral face on the water
discharge pipe, the disc movement being at right angles to the water's flow,
and a diaphragm being formed in the interior of the valve shell for the sepa-
ration of the line of pipe which is always full of water, from the portion in
which the valve shuts off the water. In another form especially suited for
hydrants or street water-cocks, a small chamber with a stuffing box on its top
is formed upon the water main, and through this stufling box is entered a
short tube which answers as the water discharge pipe. The bottom end of
this short tube answers as the end tube face, and this end bears when the
valve is shut, upon a fixed elastic disc set in the bottom of the valve chamber.
This hydrant is worked by a vertical screw spindle which is connected to one
end of a horizontal lever attached by a joint to the upper end of the valve
tube. As the lever works on a fixed stud pin at one end when the screw
spindle is worked, the short tube is traversed either up or down, so as
to relieve or set down the end face upon its elastic disc. The chamber
being always full of water the flow takes place directly through the short
moveable tube whenever the valve is opened.
In another simple modification of disc valve which is well suited for
domestic purposes, the valvular action arises from the circular working of a
brass or other metal face upon a fixed leather, gutta percha, or other soft or
elastic disc surface. The elastic disc is sunk in the bottom of a shallow circular
chamber, into the outside face of which and near the periphery of it a branch
from the main opens. An aperture corresponding with the open end of the
main branch is made right through the clastic disc to admit the water. A
corresponding brass. face disc is upon the chambered end of the moveable
discharge pipe, and this face has an aperture in it exactly corresponding with
that in the fixed elastic disc. This moveable brass face is sunk in the fixed.
chamber and screwed tight up against the soft disc therein by an encircling
cap piece. So long as the holes in the two disc faces are not opposite to each

page_text: other the valve is shut, but when the user turns round the moveable discharge
branch until the holes coincide, the water way is opened and the water flows
through the moveable branch.
+
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William McCulloch and Thomas Kennedy in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 17th September 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
MCCULLOCH, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain, Plumber, and
THOMAS KENNEDY, of the same Place, Water Meter Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William McCulloch and Thomas Kennedy, Her special license that
we, the said William McCulloch and Thomas Kennedy, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as wc, the said William McCulloch and
Thomas Kennedy, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOP-COCKS OR VALVES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the sail
William M'Culloch and Thomas Kennedy, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William McCulloch and Thomas
Kennedy, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say:-
Our said Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of stop-
cocks or valves intended for the regulation of the flow of water, steam, and

page_text: other liquids and aeriform bodies, in such manner as to ensure fluid tightness
and a general satisfactory working action.
As adapted for use in common domestic stop-cocks, the details of the
improved apparatus consist of a main shell or enlarged tube forming the
reception chamber for the water coming from the main by a lateral branch,
by which the shell is screwed on to the main. This shell or chamber is open
throughout, and it has near its back end an internal shoulder for sustaining
an elastic washer or disc of any suitable elastic material, such washer being
of a diameter to fill the bore of the chamber whilst it is set up in position by
an end screw plug. The opposite or front end of the chamber is screwed
internally for the reception of an external screw formed upon the moveable
discharging branch of the stop-cock. This discharging branch has its inner
entered end plainly squared off, and it is so contrived that when screwed up
in the internal screw or nut of the main shell, this squared end comes in
forcible contact with the elastic end disc or washer already alluded to. The
branch is encircled by a cap piece or disc of some soft or elastic material, for
the purpose of making a tight junction with the front end of the main chamber
where it is entered, this cup piece being covered and set up by a milled edged
washer or disc screwing on to the outside end of the main shell. The dis-
charge branch is of considerably smaller diameter than the bore of the main
shell, so that the water from the main has free access all round it, the lateral
branch from the main being connected at a part of the shell between the
internal shoulder at one end and the screwed or nut portion at the other. The
outer proj cting end of the discharge branch is of course curved in the usual
manner. When the user turns the curved end of this branch in one direction
the screw action forces the open inner squared end of the entered portion of
the branch hard up against the elastic end washer, so as most effectually to
prevent the access of water from the main shell into the open end of the
branch; but when turned in the reverse direction the screw action withdraws
the pipe end from its elastic face, and permits the water to enter the open end
and flow right out by the curved branch. This stop-cock can be made to
discharge water at any part of the revolution of the discharge branch by setting
up the end elastic washer, more or less, as may be required. This stop-cock
or valve may obviously be modified in various ways, and fitted up with various
details, as may be demanded under the special circumstances of its appli-
cation.
In another form of stop-cock or valve embraced in these improvements, an
elastic disc is set up, as required, against a fixed end tube face. This fixed
end tube face is on the front end of the actual discharge pipe, set concen-

page_text: trically within an outer shell of larger diameter, which outer shell commu-
nicates with the water main by a lateral branch. The front end of the outer
shell has a cap screwed on containing the elastic disc which fills the cap tightly
up. The outer end of this cap is screwed or tapped in the centre to receive a
short screwed spindle forming the operating handle of the valve; as this
handle is turned to the right, its entered end presses against the centre of the
elastic disc, and thus brings it in contact with the fixed end tube face, shutting
off the flow of water through that internal tube; the reverse turn obviously
allows the elastic disc to withdraw from the end tube face to open up the
waterway. This may also be modified, so as to have the elastic disc fixed and
the end tube face moveable, the positions of these two parts in the valve being
reversed. In this case the handle for working the valve is upon the discharge
pipe, the inner end of which forms the end tube face. The cap in this
arrangement contains an elastic cap stuffing box piece, to prevent the escape
of water outside the discharge tube. The set up of the end tube face is
effected by a lateral stud pin, fast in the tube and entered into a spiral slot
cut in the cap or front end of the shell if no separate cap is used. Where
the elastic disc is the moveable part, it is preferred to attach a convex faced
cap piece to the end of the set up spindle as the actual setter up of the disc;
and instead of setting up the elastic disc against an end tube face, it may be
fitted to cover a lateral face on the water discharge pipe, the disc movement
being at right angles to the water's flow, and a diaphragm being formed in the
interior of the valve shell for the separation of the line of pipe, which is always
full of water, from the portion in which the valve shuts off the water. In
another form, especially suited for hydrants or street water-cocks, a small
chamber, with a stuffing box on its top, is formed upon the water main, and
through this stuffing box is entered a short tube, which answers as the water
discharge pipe. The bottom end of this short tube answers as the end tube
face, and this end bears, when the valve is shut, upon a fixed elastic disc set in
the bottom of the valve chamber. This hydrant is worked by a vertical screw
spindle, which is connected to one end of a horizontal lever, attached by a
joint to the upper end of the valve tube. As the lever works on a fixed stud
pin at one end when the screw spindle is worked the short tube is traversed
either up or down, so as to relieve or set down the end tube face upon its
clastic disc. The chamber being always full of water, the flow takes place
directly through the short moveable tube whenever the valve is opened. In
another simple modification of disc valve, which is well suited for domestic
purposes, the valvular action arises from the circular working of a brass or
other metal face upon a fixed leather, gutta percha, or other soft or elastic

page_text: disc surface. The elastic disc is sunk in the bottom of a shallow circular
chamber, into the outside face of which, and near the periphery of it, a branch
from the main opens. An aperture, corresponding with the open end of the
main branch, is made right through the elastic disc to admit the water. A
corresponding brass face disc is upon the chambered end of the moveable
discharge pipe, and this face has an aperture in it exactly corresponding with
that in the fixed elastic disc. This moveable brass face is sunk in the fixed
chainber, and screwed tight up against the soft disc therein by an encircling
cap piece. So long as the holes in the two disc faces are not opposite to each
other the valve is shut, but when the user turns round the 'moveable discharge
branch until the holes coincide, the waterway is opened, and the water flows
through the moveable branch.
And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood, we-shall
now proceed to describo the several illustrative Figures on the explanatory
Sheet of Drawings, which we have hereunto appended for the purpose of
showing certain modifications under which our improvements may be. judi-
ciously carried out in pratice.
Figure 1 of our Sheet of illustrative Drawings is a plan, partially in section,
of one arrangement of our improved stop-cock; Figure 2 is an elevation,
partially in section, of an arrangement slightly modified from that shown in
Figure 1; Figure 3 is a plan, partially in section, of another modification of
a stop-cock; Figure 4 is a plan of the inlet portion or valve seat of the stop-
cock shown in Figure 3; Figure 5 is an under side view of the valve which
corresponds to the valve seat Figure 4; Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of
a tap or stop-cock arranged according to one modification of our improvements.
Figure 7 is a partially sectional elevation, and Figure 8 is a plan of an
arrangement of a valve or stop-cock suitable for controlling the passage of
water from or through street mains, and Figure 9 is a partially sectional
elevation of an arrangement modified from that shown in Figures 7 and 8.
In the arrangement of the stop-cock shown in Figure 1 of our illustrative
Drawings, which is adapted for ordinary domestic purposes, the water enters
from the main through the lateral branch A, and passes into the chamber B
formed in the enlarged horizontal portion of the stop-cock. The chamber B
is hollow throughout, the open ends being fitted with milled edges, caps, or
plugs C and D. At the back end of the chamber B, where it is secured by
the screw cap C, an internal shoulder is made in the metal of the chamber.
This shoulder serves to sustain a disc or washer of vulcanized india-rubber, or
other elastic material E, the back of which presses against the cap C. In
front of the disc E is placed a washer or disc of leather F, against which the

page_text: end of the hollow plug G presses when the water is shut off. The hollow
plug G forms a part or continuation of the moveable branch-pipe H, through
which the water discharges itself when the tap is turned on. The inner end
of the tubular plug G is accurately squared off, so as to press closely against
the disc of leather F, and prevent the efflux of water. The tubular plug G
has an external screw I made upon it, which fits a corresponding internal
screw J made in the metal of the chamber B. At the front end of the
chamber B the hollow plug is surrounded by a cup-like piece of vulcanized
india, or other permanently soft or elastic material. The aperture in this cup-
piece K closely encircles the tubular plug G, and its hold upon the plug is
increased by the pressure of the water behind it. The free edge of the cup-
piece K is pressed over the front edge of the chamber B, where it is firmly
secured by the milled edged washer D, which is screwed on to the external
screw made on the chamber B. The water from the main has access to the
chamber B, and the tubular plug G is consequently always surrounded with
water. When the discharge pipe II is turned round in one direction, it causes
the screw I to travel in the fixed internal screw or nut J, and this action
withdraws the squared end of the tubular plug G from its contact with the
disc or washer F. The effect of this action obviously gives egress to the
water surrounding the plug G, which then flows through the tubular plug, as
indicated by the arrows, and out at the mouth of the discharge pipe H. The
reverse or contrary motion of the pipe H has the effect of screwing the end of
the tubular plug in close contact with the disc F, which gives way slightly by
reason of the elasticity of the flexible material behind it, so that the water
passage is instantly and effectually stopped. In the stop-cock shown in
Figure 2 of our illustrative Drawings, the corresponding parts are marked
with similar letters of reference. In this arrangement the chamber B is made
vertical instead of horizontal, as in Figure 1, before described. The water
discharge pipe rises upwards out of the chamber B, and is curved over at the
upper part. The water is turned on or off by moving the pipe G to the right
or left, according to the arrangement of the screw. The water enters by the
lateral passage A, and passes into the chamber B; when the lower end of the
pipe G is removed from the disc of leather F, the water rushes through the
pipe G, as indicated in the Figure by arrows.
In the arrangement of stop-cock or valve shown in Figure 3 of our Sheet
of Drawings, the water is turned on or shut off by the action of two per-
forated plates moving one against the other. The water enters by the lateral
pipe A and passes into the chamber B, which is divided by the metal disc or
diaphragm C, which has two holes made in it. In front of the disc C is

page_text: fitted a washer of leather, india-rubber, or other flexible material D, in which
two holes E are made corresponding to the holes in the diaphragm behind it.
A snug is made at each side of the chamber B, in which screw holes are
made, as shown in the plan, Figure 4. The end of the water discharge
pipe F is made with a noveable plate G, corresponding in shape to the plate
on the end of the chamber B, and two holes are made in the moveable plate G,
by means of which it may be secured to the end of the chamber B. The end
of the discharge pipe F is made to correspond in size with the interior of the
chamber B, and two holes H are made in it for the passage of the water, as
shown in the under side view of the inner portion of the discharge pipe,
Figure 5. When the plate G is screwed to the plate of the chamber B, the
end of the discharge pipe presses against the disc or washer D, and no water
can pass unless the holes E and I are brought opposite each other. The
holes E and I are so arranged, that when the water is turned off the holes
are at right angles to each other, or forming four equidistant points of a circle,
but when the discharge pipe F is turned round a fourth of a revolution, the
holes in the end of the pipe F are brought opposite to or in a line with
those in the flexible disc in the chamber, and the water has free egress
through the discharge pipe, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 3 of our
Drawings.
Instead of making the working surfaces of these stop-cocks flat, as shown
in our Drawing, Figures 3, 4 and 5, the working surfaces may be made of a
concave and convex form, which is merely a slight modification of the arrange-
ment we have herein-before described
In the modification of a tap or stop-cock, of which Figure 6 is a longitudinal
section, the passage of the fluid through the tap is stopped by the forcible
pressure of a disc of india-rubber against the outlet passage of the tap. The
tap is connected to the main or service pipe by the lateral branch pipe A, the
end of which is stopped by the vertical partition B. An opening C is made in
the upper part of the pipe A, through which the water flows to the discharge
pipe D. The opening C is closed at pleasure by means of a solid disc or
washer of vulcanized india-rubber, or other elastic material E, the edge of
which rests upon a shoulder formed for the purpose in the nietal of the tap.
The washer E is pressed down in contact with the opening C by means of
the convexly shaped plunger, which forms the lower end of the screw F,
having a tail piece entered loosely into the end of the screw. The screw is
made with a coarse thread, so that a partial revolution of the handle G will
force the disc E down upon the opening C.
The turning of the handle in the contrary direction removes the plunger from

page_text: the disc, which then springs up and leaves the passage open for the flow of
the fluid, as shown in Figure 6 of our Drawings.
The arrangement shewn in Figure 7 and 8 represents a modification of our
improvements adapted for the supply of water from street mains, or for other
purposes, where a large quantity of fluid is required to be passed through the a
stop-cock. The water enters the hydrant by the lateral passage A, and
flows into the chamber B, in which is fitted the short tubular plug C.
The chamber B is made with a stuffing-box at its upper part, through
which the tube C is entered. The lower end of the tube C is made quite
level, and when the water is shut off, the end of the tube presses against a
disc or washer of india-rubber or other flexible substance D, which is fitted
in the bottom part of the chamber B, where it is retained by the cap piece E.
The tubular valve C is worked by means of the vertical screw F, which
works in the stationary nut G, fitted in a lug cast on the exterior of the
chamber B. The screw F is connected with the valve C by means of the
horizontal lever H, which is jointed at one end to the standard I, which is cast
on the upper part of the inlet passage A. The lever I is made circular at its
central part, where it encircles the valve C, to which it is secured by bolts.
The free end of the lever is forked, and these forked ends pass between collars
made for the purpose on the upper part of the screw F, so that when the screw
is turned up or down it carries with it the lever H and valve C. The water
from the main constantly surrounds the tubular valve C, and the instant the
valve is raised the water rushes beneath it and upwards through the tube.
Another modification of our improvements is shown in Figure 9 of our illus-
trative Drawings. In this arrangement the tubular valve is made with an
external screw which works in an internal screw made in the metal of the valve
chamber; the arrangement of this hydrant being somewhat similar to those
shown in Figures 1 and 2 of our illustrative Drawings. The water enters from
the main by the lateral pipe A, and fills the chamber B, surrounding the tubular
valve C. The lower end of the valve C is squared off evenly, and when the
valve is screwed down it presses forcibly against the disc or washer of india-
rubber, leather, or other flexible material D, which is fitted in the lower part
or cap piece E of the valve chamber B. The valve C is entered through a
stuffing box at the top of the chamber B, and in this arrangement the valve is
actuated by means of the cross bandles F. An external screw is made on the
upper part of the valve C, to which a pipe, hose, or other attachment may be
readily affixed.
In the arrangement of the stop-cocks, shown in Figures 1 and 2 of our
Drawings, the flexible disc E can at any time be readily set up in position by

page_text: means of the screw plugs C, Figure 1, and D, Figure 2, which may be
tightened up as required. These plugs also afford convenience for adjusting
the discharge pipe, so that the water may flow at any desired point of the
pipe's rotation.
The same kind of adjustment is also obtained in the arrangements shown in
Figures 7, 8, and 9 of our Drawings, in which the nuts J serve to set up the
elastic or flexible discs or washers E. The arrangement of the stop-cock shown
in Figure 6 of our Drawings may also with slight modifications be adapted for
hydrants for passing large quantities of fluid, as in the arrangements shown in
Figures 7, 8, and 9; but using instead of the tubular valves C a solid disc of
flexible material actuated by means of a screw when the water way is to be.
closed. To prevent the flexible valve seats or dises in our various arrangements
of stop-cocks or valves from being injured by over closing or screwing down
the discharge pipes or valves too tightly, a stud pin is fixed in some convenient
part of the valve tubes or actuating screws, which stud pin travels in a spiral
slot made in the side of the valve chamber. In Figure 6 the stud pin or stop
is shown at H on the upper part of the stop-cock. By means of these various
arrangements supplies of water or other fluids, either in large or small quantities,
may be conveniently and efficiently controlled or regulated.
-
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we may observe in conclusion that we do not confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion to
describe or refer to, as many variations may be made therefrom without
deviating from the principles or main features of our Invention; but what we
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First, the general arrangement and construction of stop-cocks, taps, or
valvular apparatus for controlling and regulating the supply of fluid, as
herein-before described.
Second, the use and application of tubular valves acting against or in con-
junction with a flexible disc fitted in the valve chamber, as herein-before
described.
Third, the use and application of the valvular apparatus, arranged as shown
in Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the accompanying Drawings, as herein-before
described.
Fourth, the arrangement and construction of stop-cocks or valves, wherein
the elastic end face piece for closing the end face aperture of the discharge
tube can be set up in position, as heroin-before described.

page_text: Fifth, the system or mode of arranging and constructing stop-cocks or valves,
wherein the actuating plug or shell is fitted with a stop for the purpose of
preventing the user from screwing up the parts too severely, as herein-before
described.
Sixth, the arrangement and construction of stop-cocks or valvular apparatus,
in which the passage of the fluid is controlled by means of a disc or flexible
material acted upon by a screw, as shown in Figure 6 of the accompanying
Drawing, as herein-before described.
Seventh, the system or mode of arranging and constructing stop-cocks or
valves, wherein the fluid way is opened and closed by means of a back presser
operating upon an elastic disc or diaphragm, but unconnected therewith, as
herein-before described in reference to Figure 6 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William McCulloch, on behalf of myself
and of the said Thomas Kennedy, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Fifteenth day of September, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven.
WILLAM MCULLOCH. (L.S.)