Improvements in Bolts or Fastenings.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 25th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 15th Feb.,
1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolts or Fastenings.
1, RICHARD FRANKLIN, of No. 36, Beckton Road, Canning Town, in the County of
Essex, Ship's Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in devices for effecting the quick and easy
closing of ships ports, fireproof doors, safes and anything pertaining to doors or
apertures in general where it is of importance that the tightness of the closure
should be in proportion to the force of the moving body against which the door is
closed.
In carrying my invention into effect, I provide a pair of bolts. These have wedged
shaped ends and work in a line with each other upon or across the door. The
sockets to receive the said ends are fixed upon the frame of the door opposite each
other.
I provide a suitable case adapted to be fixed to the centre of the door and mount
therein a transverse axis and fit it with a suitable wrench. Upon this axis I fix
centrally a bar fast thereon, the outer ends of the bar being connected by links to the
inner ends of the respective bolts above mentioned.
With a duplex bolt constructed as above described, the position of the bolts in
respect of their position relatively to their sockets would depend entirely upon that of
the axis and bar.
For the purpose of making the bolt automatic, I fix a diamond shaped piece upon
the axis on each side of the bar, and provide springs adapted to keep levers pressed
against the noses of the said diamonds, so that their joint tendency is always to
keep the bolts protruded. Additional springs are also provided for the same
purpose, and these are fixed so as to push against shoulders formed upon the bolts.
The said levers and springs are conveniently fixed upon the side-plates of the case.
It is obvious that the duplex bolt constructed as above described always has its
bolt-ends extended excepting when they are forcibly withdrawn; and being wedge-
shaped, they will acquire a tighter grip of their sockets the farther the door is driven
into the frame.
Dated this 4th day of March 1889.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolts or Fastenings.
I, RICHARD FRANKLIN, of No. 36, Beckton Road, Canning Town, in the County
of Essex, Ship's Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in devices for effecting the quick and easy
closing of ship's ports, fire proof doors, safes and anything pertaining to doors and
apertures in general, and where it is of importance that the tightness of the closure
should be in proportion to the force of the moving body against which the door is
closed.
In carrying my invention into effect, I provide a pair of bolts. These have wedge
shaped ends, and work in a line with each other upon, or across, the door. The
sockets to receive the said ends are fixed upon the frame of the door opposite each
other

page_text: I provide a suitable case adapted to be fixed to the centre of the door, and mount
therein a transverse axis. Upon this axis and at right angles with it there is a bar
fixed centrally thereon, the outer ends of which bar are connected by links to the
inner ends of the respective bolts above mentioned.
With a duplex bolt constructed as above described, the position of the bolt ends
in respect of their engagement with their sockets depends entirely upon that of the
axis and bar.
For the purpose of making the bolt automatic, I fix a diamond shaped piece upon
the axis on each side of the bar, and provide springs adapted to keep levers pressed
against the sides of the said diamond, so that the joint tendency of the springs is
always to keep the bolts shot. Additional springs are also provided for the same
purpose, and these are fixed so as to push against shoulders formed upon the bolts.
The said levers and springs may be fixed upon the side plates of the case.
In order that my invention and the means by which it can be brought into practical
operation, may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe them in detail, as they
.would be used on a ship's port. It is to be borne in mind that the said drawings
are only illustrations of the invention and of one of its applications.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation.
Fig. 2 is a plan.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the bolts shewing them nearly shot.
The full lines of Figs. 1 and 2 shew the bolts in the position they occupy at the
moment they are passing the strikers, ie., the front edges of the staples while the
dotted lines shew them shot and entered into the sockets as far as the springs can
force them.
Fig. 4 is a plan illustrating the operation of shooting the bolts fully home after
the springs have done their work of engaging the bolt ends in the staples.
The bolt end is omitted from the left hand side of each figure for the sake of
keeping them within the sight space of the sheet without reducing the scale.
A is the port, and A¹ part of the frame. a a are the pair of bolts and b one of the
bolt-ends. The face of a bolt end is bevelled as usual to enable it to pass the
striker of the socket B, and the reverse is also inclined as shewn at b².
c, c are the side plates of the case. d is the transverse axis; and e, a wrench
fitting on the nose of the axis. f is the central bar, fast upon the axis d; and g, 9,
the links by which its outer ends are connected to the inner ends of the bolts a, a,
respectively. h, h are the diamond-shaped pieces fast upon the axis, one on each side
of the bar fi, i are the levers pressed against the said pieces by springs j, j
k, kare the additional springs acting upon the shoulders 1, 1. m m are staples, and'
n is a fender to prevent any ropes near the port fouling the bolt-ends...
The action of the springs jand k keep the bolt ends out as far as indicated by the
dotted lines of Figs. 1 and 2, so that when a port is dropped, the said spring action
suffices to engage the bolt end within the socket B as far as shewn in Fig. 4. This
engagement bolts the door against any push from the inside, and the bolts are forced
home, .e., further into the sockets by turning the axis d.in the right direction. As
this is turned, the inclines 62 rise up the inside edge of the socket thus pulling the
door tight into its seat 7, the ridge b¹ entering the packing f
The wrench e illustrated by the dotted lines of Fig. 2 may be replaced by the device
illustrated in Fig. 4. m¹ is a lever and o o a pair of links pivotted thereupon at pp.
The links have their opposite, i.e., outer ends adapted to engage with the bolt-
ends a, a, e.g., by hooks, q, q, and eyes r, r.
It will be observed that I have two motions to effect the full shooting of the bolts ;-
first, that produced by the action of the springs and secondly that produced by the
actuation of the axis d by the wrench e or the lever and link device. illustrated in
Fig. 4. My object in having the two motions is to keep the apparatus as snug-as
possible, for if the shooting of the bolts home is to effected entirely by the springs then
would it be necessary to give them extra projection beyond their staples and extra
length of bevel at b. Where such extra prejection and length. of bevel would not be
inconvenient, e.g., with small ports, the spring action alone may be made use of.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination with the bolts of transverse axis, central bar, diamond-shaped
pieces fast thereon and springs and levers engaging with the said diamond-shaped
pieces, as set forth.
2. The combination of door bolts having wedge shaped ends, sockets, and
mechanism for operating the bolts as described with reference to the accompanying
figures 1 to 3.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.