Year: 1886

page_text: 1 FREDERICK Moss of West Gore Street Corn Mills, Salford in the County of
Lancaster, Corn Miller do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My said Invention relates to the rollers which are employed in the crushing and
reduction of grain into flour. Such rollers are usually composed of cast metal, the
circumference being chilled so as to resist wear, but my invention is applicable to
rollers made from any suitable material. Owing to the differential speeds and con-
sequent friction at the peripheries, such rollers become highly heated with the result
that moisture existing in the grain or meal or in the atmosphere is vapourised and
becomes condensed in the roller mill or in other adjacent or communicating parts of
the machinery of the mill the said condensation being technically known as
"sweating." This condensed moisture causes the dust to adhere to the parts of the
machinery and thus become a source of annoyance besides clogging the bearings so as
to absorb more power. The heat of the rollers also tends to injure the quality of the
flour. My invention has for its object to keep the said rollers cool and thus to
obviate the aforesaid disadvantages. To effect this result I cause cold water to flow
continuously through the interior of the rollers while at work, the axes of the rollers
being bored or made hollow so as to admit the cold water at one end of the roller and
allow it to escape at the other. The roller is cored out or made hollow so as to leave
a sufficient thickness of metal or material at the circumference and the roller shaft is
enlarged sufficiently to permit of the required passages for the inflow and outflow of
water. The connection between the roller shaft and the water supply pipe is formed
1

page_text: by a suitable packed gland so as to prevent the escape of water at the joint. The cold
water in passing through the hollow roller cools the heated circumference of the roller
and keeps the temperature sufficiently low to prevent the aforesaid "sweating or
vaporization and condensation of moisture while at the same time the meal or flour is
protected from injury by overheating. On making its exit from the roller the
partially heated water may be conducted to a pump injector or other water forcing
apparatus by which it can be delivered into the boiler, thus utilizing the heat extracted
from the rollers and turning it into power by transmitting it to the steam generator.
Dated this 8th day of November 1886.

page_text: Improvements in Roller Mills.
I FREDERICK Moss of West Gore Street Corn Mills Salford in the County of
Lancaster, Corn Miller do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings :
:-
My said Invention relates to the rollers which are employed in the crushing and
reduction of grain into flour. Such rollers are usually composed of cast metal the
circumference being chilled so as to resist-wear, but-my invention is applicable to
rollers made from any suitable material. It will be understood that in the said roller
mills the rollers run face to face in pairs the rollers of certain of the pairs being
pressed closely together by means of levers or screws so as to come into immediate
contact. Owing to the differential speeds and consequent friction at the peripheries
such rollers become highly heated with the result that moisture existing in the grain or
meal or in the interior of the surrounding casing is vapourised and becomes condensed
in the roller mill casing or in the elevators or spouts or in other adjacent or com-
municating parts of the machinery of the mill the said condensation being technically
known as sweating." This condensed moisture causes the dust to adhere to the parts
of the machinery and casings and thus becomes a source of annoyance besides clogging
the bearings so as to absorb more power. The heat of the rollers also tends to injure
the quality of the flour the meal being drossed while in a heated condition. My
invention has for its object to keep the said rollers and bearings cool and thus to
obviate the aforesaid disadvantages. To effect this result I cause cold water to flow
continuously through the interior of the rollers while at work, the axes of the rollers
being bored or made hollow so as to admit the cold water at one end of the roller and
allow it to escape at the other.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I will now
proceed more particularly to describe a mode of carrying the same practically into
effect reference being had to the annexed sheet of drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a roller constructed in accordance with my
invention. Fig. 2 is a cross section at the line A B Fig. 1, showing two rollers.
working in contact. The chilled periphery of each roller a constitutes a hollow
cylinder (as is usual) having ends 6. The rollers revolve in suitable bearings on a
hollow shaft e firmly keyed to the bosses of the ends 6, the said shaft c being bored or
made hollow for a certain distance from each end as shown so as to permit of com-
munication with the interior of the roller. The end of a water delivery tube d is
inserted into one end of the hollow shaft c a packed glande being employed to
prevent leakage. The water exit tube f is similarly connected to the hollow shaft at
the other end. I do not however confine myself to the particular method shown of
connecting the water influx and efflux conduits to the ends of the roller as this
connection might be effected by other methods well known to engineers.
indicated by the arrows the cold water is forced by a pump or by pressure from the
As

page_text: main into the hollow roller through the inlet end of the shaft c and prevents the
circumference a from becoming heated the water passing off through the other end
of the hollow shaft. The current of water may from time to time be reversed if
desired. The inflow of water is governed by the tap g and the outflow by the tap g'.
The temperature of the roller is thus kept sufficiently low to prevent the aforesaid
"sweating" or vapourization and condensation of moisture while at the same time
the meal or flour is not injured by overheating. As the bearings of the shaft are
also kept cool a considerable economy in lubricant is effected.
On making its exit from the roller the water may be conducted to a reservoir or to
the boiler or it may be put to any other desired or suitable use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
Preventing the rollers and bearings of roller mills used in the manufacture of flour
from becoming unduly heated through frictional contact by causing a current of cold
water to flow continuously through the interior of such rollers and bearings whilst at
work substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.
أيم
"