IMPROVE- MENTS IN EVAPORATING SACCHARINE LIQUIDS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Bour, of the Mauritius, but now residing at
4, Cullum Street, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN EVAPORATING SACCHARINE LIQUIDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Bour at the Office
of the. Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd March
1854.
I, JOSEPH BOUR, of the Mauritius, but now residing at 4, Cullum Street,
in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING SACCHARINE LIQUIDS" to be as follows:-
"This Invention consists of a combination of hollow revolving vessels suitably.
constructed for being filled with and heated by steam. These hollow vessels,
by their revolution, and also by means of cups at their peripheries, carry up
the liquid contained in the trough below, and in which the hollow vessels are
partly immersed. The cups discharge the liquid over the heated surfaces of
the hollow revolving vessels, and by these means the parts of the hollow vessels
which are for the time being above the liquid in the trough or vessel below are
covered with thin films of the liquid, and by reason of the heat of such surfaces
the aqueous parts of the liquid are evaporated. Each hollow, vessel is composed
of two portions of a large sphere, which are connected together at their
peripheries: The several hollow vessels are connected together. at their centres;
and in order to obtain stiffness at the centres to act as an axis, two bent or,

page_text: trough-like strips of metal are connected together, and they form open troughs
in the central part of the combined hollow vessels into which the water
resulting from the condensation of the steam is raised by means of hollow
arms with spoon-like ends, and the water flows off from the ends of these
troughs through a hollow axis at one end of the apparatus. The steam to heat
the apparatus is introduced at one end by a hollow axis and flows off at the
other end of the apparatus. The apparatus is caused to revolve slowly, and
when the quantity of liquid first-put into the trough below has arrived at the
desired degree of concentration, streams of the liquid which has not been
concentrated are allowed to flow from above on to each heated hollow vessel
till the trough is filled to the desired height with concentrated liquid. The
steam employed is the waste steam from a high pressure steam engine used for
crushing the sugar cane.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Bour in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th
August 1854..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BOUR, of the Mauritius, but now residing at 4, Cullum Street, in the City of
London; send greeting.
WHEREAS Her inost Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto, me, the said
Joseph Bour; Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Bour, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or. such others as I, the said Joseph Bour, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING SACCHARINE
LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Bour,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Bour, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
.to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof (that is to say):-
This Invention consists of a combination of hollow revolving vessels suitably
constructed for being filled with and heated by steam.
These hollow vessels by their revolution and also by means of cups at their
peripheries carry up the liquid contained in the trough below, and in which the
hollow vessels are partly immersed. The cups discharge the liquid over the
heated: surfaces of the hollow revolving vessels, and by these means the parts of
the hollow vessels, which are for the time being above the liquid in the trough
or vessel below are covered with thin films of the liquid, and by reason of the
heat of such surfaces the aqueous parts of the liquid are evaporated; each
hollow. vessel is composed of two portions of a large sphere which are connected
together at their peripheries. The several hollow vessels are connected
together at their centres; and in order to obtain stiffness at the centres to act
is an axis, two bent or trough-like strips of metal are connected together, and
they form open troughs in the central part of the combined hollow vessels into
which the water resulting from the condensation of the steam is raised by
means of hollow arms with spoon-like ends, and the water flows off from the
ends of these troughs through a hollow axis at one end of the apparatus. The
steam to heat the apparatus. is introduced, at one end by a hollow axis and
flows off at the other end of the apparatus.
The apparatus is caused to revolve slowly, and when the quantity of liquid
first put into the trough below has arrived at the desired degree of concentration
streains of the liquid which has not been concentrated are allowed to flow from
above on to each heated hollow vessel, till the trough is filled to the desired
height with concentrated liquid: The steam employed is the waste steam
from a high pressure steam engine used for crushing the sugar cane.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same. j
1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING..
Figure shows an external view of an apparatus constructed according to
iny Invention, consisting of. ten hollow vessels: connected together at their
centres, but apparatus according to my Invention may be made with other
numbers of such vessels a, a,a. Each of these vessels are made of two convex
parts joined at the edges, and the neighbouring parts are joined at the centres,
there being an opening through each part at the centre for that purpose.

page_text: Figure 2 shows a side view of one of the vessels a separately; Figure 3 shows
an interior view of one of the vessels a; Figure 4 shows the means by which
stiffness is given to the central axis of the apparatus, and by which troughs are
provided for carrying off the water resulting from the condensed steam when
such water is brought in to the centre of the apparatus, as hereafter described.
Figure 5 shows an end view of Figure 4. This central axis is made by
connecting together two plates b, b, turned at the edges, so as to form angular
troughs b, b, and at the same time a light and stiff interior axis for the several
vessels a, a; on the interior of each vessel a, two tubular arms are fixed to the
axis b, b, and such arms have spoon-like ends c, which in their revolution, when
at the lowest position receive the water in their respective vessels, and carry it
up so that it runs from the spoon-like ends c through the tubular arms into the
troughs b, and thence away through the hollow axis at the end. d, d, are
hollow axes or necks fixed to the said vessels a, a, of the series. These necks
or axes turn in suitable bearings. Steam is admitted through the hollow axis
at one end, and the water is allowed to flow off at the other end of the
apparatus down a pipe placed with its upper end so as to cover the end of the
tubular or hollow axis d, at that end of the vessels a, a. The end of the axis d,
where the steam is admitted, turns in a stuffing box so as to render that end
steam-tight. On the peripheries of each of the vessels a, a, there are cups or
vessels e, e, affixed, which are open at one end and closed at the other; these
vessels or cups e, e, as the vessels a, a, revolve, dip. into and pass below the
surface of the saccharine fluid contained in an open pan or vessel, and they
raise up quantities of the fluid, and as they come up they pour out such, fluid
over the surfaces of their respective vessels a, so that in addition to any
quantity of the liquid which will be taken up by the simple revolution of the
lower parts of the vessel a, a, in the liquid there will be quantities taken up by
the cups or vessels e, e, which will be distributed over the heated portions of
the vessels a, a, which do not descend into the liquid. The vessels a, a, it is
preferred should be of sheet copper, and composed of parts of spheres, as
shown. The saccharine fluid to be concentrated is to be placed in a suitable
trough or pan below the series of vessels «, and in such manner that the lower
parts of the peripheries of the vessels a, a, may dip into the liquid to the extent
of a few inches.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would state that I am aware that it is not new to cause
liquids to be evaporated by the movement of surfaces into and from them when
placed in open vessels, various forms of apparatus for that: purpose having
before been proposed and used; in some cases. the surfaces have: been hollow

page_text: and heated by steam internally, and in others the liquid has been heated; and
I mention these matters in order to state that I do not claim to evaporate
liquids by such means, unless the apparatus be constructed and combined
according to my improvements herein described, and I wish it to be understood
that what I claim is,-
The combination of a series of hollow vessels a, a, such as herein described,
with apparatus on the interior thereof for raising the water to and passing it
off by the central axis, and the further combination of such like surface a, a,
with vessels or apparatus e, e, for raising the liquid to be evaporated, and
distributing the same over the exterior of the revolving surfaces, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Bour, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four..
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
J. BOUR. (L.S.)