IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES FOR BLAST FURNACES, FORGES, AND FOR OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Whitehouse, of Tipton, in the County of
Stafford, Engineer and Iron Founder, and William Probert, of
Oldbury, in the County of Worcester, Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES FOR BLAST FURNACES, FORGES, AND FOR
OTHER FURNACES."
Sealed the 14th September 1869, and dated the 20th March 1869..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Whitehouse
and William Probert at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,.
with their Petition, on the 20th March 1869.
We, HENRY WHITEHOUSE, of Tipton, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer and Iron Founder, and WILLIAM PROBERT, of Oldbury, in
the County of Worcester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES FOR BLAST FURNACES, FORGES,
AND FOR OTHER FURNACES," to be as follows:-
In constructing the said tuyeres according to our Invention we take a
piece of wrought iron or other tubing of a length about three times that
of the tuyere to be made, and at or near the middle of the said tube we

page_text: bend it into nearly a complete circle, the said circular part being in a
plane at right angles to the straight portions of the tube. The two unbent
portions of the tube are parallel or nearly parallel. We place the bent
tube described in a properly formed mould and cast iron or other metal
thereupon in the form of a conical or other shaped tuyere. The tube is
thus imbedded in a tuyere made of cast iron or other metal, the ring on
the tube being situated near the nose end of the tuyere. Water is made
to circulate through the said tube either by the effect of the heat of
the tuyere or it may be forced through the tuyere by mechanical means.
In order to diminish the weight of the tuyere the rear part of the said
tuyere may be cast hollow and with holes in it. Instead of making one
ring two or more rings at a short distance from and parallel to one
another may be made in the tube, and two or more tubes with their
rings may be used instead of one. In place of one or two separate rings
the tube may be bent into the form of a coil or helix and the tuyere
cast upon it. The exit end or both ends of the tube may open at the
side of the tuyere if required. Although we prefer to make the tuyere
of cast iron and wrought iron tubing yet other metal or alloy may be
used in place of cast and wrought iron. Instead of the tubing described
passages of the same shape may be made in the tuyere by the casting
process; or the ring-like passages may be cast in the tuyere, and the
straight passages drilled into the ring-like passages.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Whitehouse and William Probert in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th September 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
WHITEHOUSE, of Tipton, in the County of Stafford, Engineer and Iron
Founder, and WILLIAM PROBERT, of Oldbury, in the County of Worcester,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Henry Whitehouse and William Probert,
Her special licence that we, the said Henry Whitehouse and William

page_text: Probert, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Henry Whitehouse and William Probert, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES FOR BLAST
FURNACES, FORGES, AND FOR OTHER FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Henry Whitehouse and William Probert, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or
their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Probert, on behalf of
myself and the said Henry Whitehouse, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
In constructing the said tuyeres according to our Invention we take
a piece of wrought iron or other tubing of a length about three times
that of the tuyere to be made, and at or near the middle of the said tube
we bend it into nearly a complete circle, the said circular part being in
a plane at right angles to the straight portions of the tube. The two
unbent portions of the tube are parallel or nearly parallel. We place
the bent tube described in a properly formed mould and cast iron or other
metal thereupon in the form of a conical or other shaped tuyere. The
tube is thus embedded in a tuyere made of cast iron or other metal, the
ring on the tube being situated at or near the nose end of the tuyere.
Water is made to circulate through the said tube either by the effect of
the heat of the tuyere, or it may be forced through the tuyere by
mechanical means. In order to diminish the weight of the tuyere the
rear part of the said tuyere may be cast hollow and with holes in it.
Instead of making one ring two or more rings at a short distance from
and parallel to one another may be made in the tube, and two or more.
tubes with their rings may be used instead of one, or semi-rings may

page_text: be used.
The exit end or both ends of the tuve may open at th
of the tuyere if required. Although we prefer to make the tuyere of
cast iron and wrought iron tubing yet other metal or alloy may be used
in place of cast and wrought iron.
Having explained the nature of our Invention we will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan and end elevation the bent wrought iron
or other tubing which we employ in making tuyeres according to our
Invention.
a is the nearly complete ring at the end of the bent tube and
b, b, are the straight parts situated at right angles to the said ring.
Instead of making the bent tube a, b, in one piece the ring and straight
parts may be made separately and connected together by screwing or
welding, and the straight parts may be parallel instead of inclined to one
another as represented. We have represented in Figures 12, 13, and 14
other methods of making the bent tube a, b. In making a tuyere
according to our Invention we make a mould suitable for casting a
hollow cone and we place in the said mould the bent tube a, b, Figure 1.
By pouring cast iron or other metal into the mould and upon the bent
tube a tuyere is made, the bent tube a, b, being embedded in the metal
of which the tuyere is made. A tuyere made in the manner described
is represented in longitudinal section in Figure 2, end elevation in
Figure 3, transverse section through the nose in Figure 4, and plan
in Figure 5 where the ring situated near the nose end of the tuyere
is marked a and the straight parts of the tube are marked b. There is
thus formed a cast iron tuyere in which the tubes for the circulation of
water through it are embedded in the metal of the tuyere. We lighten
the rear end of the tuyere by casting holes in it, as represented in longi-
tudinal section in Figure 6 and end elevation in Figure 7. These holes
are marked c and are made by coring the mould in the usual manner.
The same object may be obtained by making the metal at the rear end
of the tuyere much thinner than at the front or nose end and filling up
the said rear part by a separate internal conical tube. A tuyere made
in this way is represented in section in Figure 8 where the separate
conical tube inserted and fixed in the rear part of the tuyere is marked d;
the tuyere may, however, be used without the filling up tube d.
Instead of casting the tuyere hollow at the rear part the said rear part

page_text: may be cast thin and be strengthened if required by an external conical
tube. Instead of casting a complete tuyere upon the bent tube forming
the circulating tubes of the tuyere, as previously described, the nose part
only may be cast upon the bent tube and the hind part be built up of
a separate conical disk or disks or short conical pieces. This part of
our Invention is illustrated in Figures 9, 10, and 11, Figure 9 representing
partly in section and partly in elevation the nose part of the tuyere in
which the circulating tubes a, b, are embedded, and Figure 10 the
complete tuyere built up of the nose part e, and the separate metallic
disks or short pieces f connected to the nose part by the bolts or rods h
fixed in the nose part e. Figure 11 represents an end elevation of the
complete tuyere. The disks fare furnished with holes through which
the rods pass and troughs in which the straight tubes b, b, lie. In
the nose part e nuts or screwed sockets i are fixed by the casting process,
into which the bolts h, h, are screwed after the disks or pieces f, f, have
been placed together. The disks ff, are thereby securely fastened
together and to the nose part e; or holes may be left in the nose part e
into which holes the pins are placed and fastened by cotters or other
means. In place of casting the nose part of the tuyere upon a ring to
form the circulating tube of the tuyere a core or helix may be used
instead of the single ring. When the nose part of the tuyere is rendered
useless by wear the discs f and rods are removed and fitted to the
nose part of another tuyere so as to complete the tuyere; great economy
in the manufacture of tuyeres thereby results. The circulating tubes of
the tuyere may be made in the ways illustrated in Figures 12, 13, and
14 instead of by bending a length of tubing. We take a straight piece
of wrought-iron tubing as represented in Figure 12 and weld upon its
ends blocks k of iron or steel, the said blocks being a little wider than
the tube. By this means the ends of the tube are closed and strengthened.
We take the tube, Figure 12, and bend it into a ring as represented in
Figure 13, and in the blocks k and tube we tap screw threads and screw
into them-pieces of straight-tubing 7; a circulating tube for the tuyere
is thus made. Or elbow pieces may be screwed or welded to the
blocks k, k, and straight tubes be screwed into the said elbow pieces;
or we take a flat tube and bend it into a ring and fasten by welding or
bolting straight pieces of tubing to the ends of the said ring and thereby
form a circulating tube for the tuyere as illustrated in Figure 14.
Instead of a single ring at the end of the circulating tube two or more
rings may be used and two or more tubes with their rings may be used;

page_text: Or two (or more) tubes may be bent at their middle into semicircles and
placed together so as to form a nearly complete circle or ring.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed we wish it to be understood that wo
do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of our Invention; but
we claim as our Invention the improvements in tuyeres for blast furnaces,
forges, and for other furnaces herein-before described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawings, that is to say, forming the said tuyeres by
casting a hollow cone or body upon a wrought iron or other tube or
tubes having one or more rings or semi-rings between the straight parts
of the tube or tubes, substantially as described and illustrated; also
making the said tuyeres of a short hollow cone or body and circulating
tube or tubes of the kind described or a coil or helix to form the nose or
fore part of the tuyere, and completing the tuyere by securing to the said
nose or fore part a disk or disks or short pieces, substantially as described
and illustrated; also reducing the weight of the nose part of the tuyeres,
substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Probert, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
WILLIAM PROBERT. (L.S.)