IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR CUTTING AND SURFACING METAL, WOOD, AND LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Paterson Smith, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of " IMPROVED
MECHANISM FOR CUTTING AND SURFACING METAL, WOOD, AND LIKE
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 11th January 1876, and dated the 15th July 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Paterson Smith
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th July 1875.
I, JOHN PATERSON SMITH, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR CUTTING AND SURFACING METAL, WOOD, AND
LIKE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates to mechanism, which taken as a whole forms a
revolving tool adapted for cutting circular holes, cutting annular grooves
and recesses, and for truing annular surfaces in and on metal, wood,
and like substances.

page_text: A sleeve or collar is placed on and caused to rotate with a central
spindle. The end of the said spindle is pointed so as to serve for
centering on the article to be cut. Formed with or attached to the said
sleeve or collar is an arm or arms, two or more are preferred, constructed
each with a channel in which a cutter of steel or other hard material is
secured and held in position at the required distance from the centre of
the spindle by movable jam blocks and set screws, or the mechanical
equivalent of set screws. The movable jam blocks are counterparts of
each other when the cutters act on the same surfaces, so that they can
be readily adjusted. The cutters are of uniform cross section throughout
their length. The said tool is fed to its work by self-acting appliances
operating on the sleeve or collar, or it is fed by a hand wheel.
Under a modification the tool is caused to rotate on a stationary
adjustable spindle, and when this arrangement is adopted the end of the
stationary spindle has its end formed to hold the article to be operated
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Paterson Smith in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
PATERSON SMITH, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, Civil Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Paterson Smith, Her special
licence that I, the said John Paterson Smith, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Paterson Smith, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
* IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR CUTTING AND SURFACING METAL, WOOD, AND LIKE

page_text: SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Paterson Smith, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Paterson Smith, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had for ready illus-
tration to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
-
My Invention relates to mechanism which taken as a whole forms a
revolving tool adapted for cutting circular holes, cutting annular grooves
and recesses, and for truing annular surfaces in and on metal, wood,
and like substances.
A sleeve or collar is placed on and caused to rotate with a central
spindle. The end of the said spindle is pointed so as to serve for
centering on the article to be cut. Formed with or attached to the said
sleeve or collar is an arm or arms, two or more are preferred, constructed
each with a channel in which a cutter of steel or other hard material is
secured and held in position at the required distance from the centre of
the spindle by movable jam blocks and set screws, or the mechanical
equivalent of set screws. The movable jam blocks are counterparts of
each other when the cutters act on the same surfaces, so that they can
be readily adjusted. The cutters are of uniform cross section throughout
their length. The said tool is fed to its work by self-acting appliances
operating on the sleeve or collar, or it is fed by a hand wheel.
Under a modification the tool is caused to rotate on a stationary
adjustable spindle, and when this arrangement is adopted the end of the
stationary spindle has its end formed to hold the article to be operated
nosition

page_text: is arranged to be worked; Fig. 2 is a vertical section; and Fig. 3, a
plan view looking from above, all of a tool for cutting circular flat rings
or washers from plates of iron, or for cutting annular grooves, recesses,
discs, or flanges. Like letters denote the same parts in these views.
A, central spindle secured to the spindle a of the drilling machine a' ;
B, centre bit accurately fitted into the lower end of the spindle, and
bearing against a hard thrust plate C; D, sleeve or collar having at its
lower end two projecting arms E, each with channels or spaces to receive
cutting tools F. The cutting tools F are set and held in position by the
jam blocks G and set screws H. The jam blocks G are made in sets, so
that if cutting tools F are used at the same time in more than one arm E,
and such is usually the case in practice, the said tools F may be readily
fixed at the same distances from the centre. It will be obvious that the
number of arms E may be varied, and that the sleeve or collar D might
be so formed with one or more channels as to provide in disc-like form
the equivalent of the arms. I is the feed wheel working on the screwed
portion of the centre spindle A, and attached to the sleeve or collar D.
The said feed wheel I is operated by the pinion J, pawl j, and lever j', as
shown in Fig. 1. A spring or weight, not shown, may be provided to
return j and j¹ into position.
In the mechanism delineated the tools F are shown arranged to cut
malleablo iron flanges from a plate, the outer tools being set to the
outside, and the inner to the required inside diameter.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section showing part of mechanism under a
modification, in which the central spindle is stationary, and has a claw-
like termination to hold the article to be operated on in position.
In the modification represented by Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the centre bit
may either rotate or not, but in this the central spindle is stationary,
and the other parts are caused to rotate in or with the part of the
machine to which it is attached or secured.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation; and Fig. 6, a plan of mechanism also under
my Invention, arranged for use in a vertical drilling machine or lathe,
for the purpose of surfacing such as facing the flanges of pipes. A right
and left handed screwed shaft O is carried by studs P fixed to the radial
arms or disc E. On the screwed shaft O are clamp nuts Q, which when
the shaft O is rotated by a star wheel R or its equivalent causes the

page_text: clamp nuts
and the cutters F secured therein to traverse. The jam
blocks G are here modified in form, as shown.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and particu-
larized modifications for different kinds of work in such manner that
others will be enabled to carry my improvements into practice, I claim,
the improved mechanism substantially as herein described for the purposes
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Paterson Smith, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, the Twelfth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six.