matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED AERO-STEAM MOTOR
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1881.
A communication by Paul Lochmann, of Zeitz, in the German Empire.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI; Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt
and G. W. v. Nawrocki, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, German Empire, Berlin, Patent
Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED AERO-STEAM MOTOR." A communication by
Paul Lochmann, of Zeitz, in the German Empire.
This Invention relates to a new or improved form of motor actuated by steam
in combination with atmospheric pressure, the generation and, utilisation of the
steam being effected in one and the same space or chamber, and its motive force
obtained from the alternate expansion and condensation of the same quantity of
water.
The cylinder is surrounded by two annular or other shaped chambers or spaces,
the upper one of which forms a condenser (cold water circulating through it),
whilst the lower one is filled with a suitable nonconductor of heat, such as saw-
dust, and forms an insulator between the upper chamber or space and the furnace
or fire box, which is secured to the underside of the lower chamber, and encloses
the boiler or water box, which is made of steel or sheet iron, and forms a con-
tinuation of the cylinder, to the bottom of which it is fastened. In the cylinder
works a piston coupled by two connecting rods to the crank of a shaft and fly
wheel. Below the piston, inside the cylinder, is a cylindrical bar or plunger of
slightly smaller diameter than the cylinder, and the upper stem of which works
steam tight through the centre of the piston, where it is connected by suitable
rods and levers with cranks on the flywheel shaft.
Water is supplied through a suitable valve to the boiler or water box until it
runs out through a gauge cock at any required level. On heating the water in
the boiler or water box by the surrounding furnace it becomes partly converted
into steam, which approaching the bar or plunger acts on the underside of the
piston and drives it upwards. The effect of the steam pressure on the piston
continues during one fourth of the revolution of the flywheel until the piston
reaches its highest position, meanwhile the cylindrical bar or plunger acting on the
lywheel shaft through the rods and levers before named has reached its highest
position and commenced its downward stroke again, so that as the piston goes over

page_text: the dead point there is a considerable space between it and the cylindrical bar or
plunger, and the steam thereat being in contact with the condenser is thereby
condensed; the pressure of the air on the upper side of the piston then forces the
piston down until passing over the second dead point, the cylindrical bar or
plunger approaches the piston, and the vacuum being thereby diminished the steam 5
pressure acts again on the piston as in the first instance.
The consumption of coal is trifling for engines of this class having small boilers,
whilst the quantity of water requiring to be renewed is merely that which has
been evaporated during the day.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND OTHER CARRIAGES, OR THE NUMBER OF REVOLUTIONS MADE BY MACHINERY
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stanley Charlie Straker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th April 1881.
STANLEY CHARLIE STRAKER, of Bishopsgate Avenue, in the City of London,
Manufacturing Stationer. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE
DISTANCE TRAVELLED BY BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, AND OTHER CARRIAGES, OR THE
NUMBER OF REVOLUTIONS MADE BY MACHINERY."
The object of the Invention is the construction of a simple apparatus for
registering the distance travelled, or the number of revolutions made by any
wheel, and is particularly applicable to bicycles, tricycles, and other carriages.
In carrying out my Invention the apparatus is fixed inside the wheel, as near the
centre as practicable, so as to revolve with the wheel, and this motion causes a
weight to drop twice and move a ratchet wheel one tooth forward in every
complete revolution, so as to set in motion a train of wheels, one of which carries
an index hand shewing on a dial the distance travelled or the number of revolutions
made by the wheel.
By this contrivance it will be seen that it is immaterial whether the wheel
moves backwards or forwards, or to which side of the wheel the apparatus is
fixed.
The index hand can be turned by a small stud at the back, independently of the
other machinery, to the point from whence it originally started and by means of a
smaller hand fixed to this stud, can be so turned without looking at the dial.
The dial may be divided into any suitable number of scales to suit different sizes
of wheels, and is so arranged that it can be taken off and a new dial (divided for
different sizes) fixed on in a very short time.
For bicycles or tricycles the apparatus may also be fixed to the head thereof, in
which case the hereinbefore described weight is dispensed with, the lever to which
it is attached being held by an india rubber spring in the same position as it would
be when the bicycle or tricycle wheel had gone a half revolution. A spur is fixed
on one spoke of the bicycle wheel, and this gives a rod (communicating with the
apparatus) a blow at every complete revolution. This rod moves the lever of the
apparatus which pushes the ratchet wheel one tooth forward. Directly the rod is
released the spring pulls back the lever, which is now in the same position as at
first, and ready for another blow from the rod.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CHAIRS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE FOR SITTING OR RECLINING UPON
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Austin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th August 1881.
HENRY AUSTIN, of the Rodney Arms, Little Suffolk Street, in the County
of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CHAIRS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF
FURNITURE FOR SITTING OR RECLINING UPON."
This Invention relates, first, to improved methods of adjusting the position or
angle of the backs of folding arm chairs, sofas, and other like articles of furniture
for setting or reclining upon, and second, to an improved method of affixing rockers
to folding chairs in order that the rockers may fold up with the chair.
For this purpose according to the first part of my improvements, slots are cut
in the back supports of a folding chair, and over such slots metal plates are fixed
with slots and notches cut in them to a sharp bevel, one of such plates being
fixed on each side of each back support, one inside and one outside thereof, to
give strength thereto, as well as for the purpose of adjustment.
The bolt through each arm and back of the chair in place of being rivetted is
free to move up and down the slot in the metal plates and back support, dropping
into the inclined notches where required, according to the angle at which it is
desired to place the back in relation to the seat.
Another method of adjusting the position of the back of a folding arm chair,
consists in simply cutting a straight slot in each back support about three eighths of
an inch wide to allow the bolt in each arm to slide up and down therein. In order
to adjust the back of the chair to the required angle, pins are inserted in small
holes bored for the purpose crossways of the slots, so as to pass under the bolts in
the arms and thus retain them in the desired position. The pins are suspended to
the back of the chair so as not to be lost.
According to another method for adjusting the position of the back of a folding
arm chair at the desired angle, consists in the application of thumb screw nuts to
the ends of the bolts in the arms, by which means the parts can be securely fixed
when the back is placed at the desired angle.
This part of my improvements may be applied in like manner to the inclined
supports of sofas and other like articles of furniture where the parts require
adjusting from time to time at different angles.

page_text: According to the second part of my improvements, the rockers of folding arm
chairs are made in two parts hinged together on their top sides, and fixed to the
legs of the chair by bolts so as to fold up therewith.
A flap or other fastening is fixed on the outer side of each rocker, so that the
two parts can be bolted or fixed together to prevent the rocker from doubling up
when the chair is in use. The flap or fastening is kept in its place by a pin which
on removal releases the flap and allows the rocker to fold up with the chair.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERS OR GUARDS FOR CORKSCREWS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Julius Boult at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1881. A com-
munication from abroad by Robert Theodor Dittert, of Newstadt, near
Stolpen, Saxony.
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of the Agency for Foreign Patent Solicitors, 323, High
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer and Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COVERS OR
GUARDS FOR CORKSCREWS." A communication from abroad by Robert Theodor
Dittert, of Newstadt, near Stolpen, Saxony.
This Invention, though chiefly designed for use with pocket corkscrew, is never-
theless applicable to other forms of corkscrews.
The Invention consists essentially in a cover or capsule open at one end, within
which is coiled a wire or equivalent, forming within the capsule a screw thread,
so that it can be screwed onto the corkscrew. The wire may be secured by soldering
or otherwise.
A longitudinal slot is by preference male or formed in the capsule, so that it
may fit close down to the bandle when the corkscrew is fitted to a pocket knife.
Generally the extreme end of the capsule is closed, but in some forms of pocket
knife this is not necessary, and the capsule is then left open at both ends.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES APPLICABLE TO CARTS OR OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Cockshot Taylor and John
Wild at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1881.
SAMUEL COCKSHOT TAYLOR and JOHN WILD, both of Morton, in the County of
York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES APPLICABLE TO CARTS OR OTHER VEHICLES."
"
The object of our Invention is to arrange a brake that is applicable to carts or
other vehicles in such a manner that when the brake is applied to a cart and put
in operation the major amount of weight is removed from the back of the horse;
also to arrange the brake so that the same is self-acting, and prevent the cart or
other vehicle from running back when the horse rests going up hill.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:- -We secure a catch wheel
to one or more of the wheel bosses or hubs, and in connection with each catch
wheel we have a sliding catch which can be actuated by a series of levers and rods,
so that the same is withdrawn from gear with the said wheel, or left so as to gear
with the wheel, and prevent the cart running back when the horse rests going up
hill.
In order to relieve the weight on the horse's back when the brake is applied, we
pass a shaft from wheel to wheel mounted to the axle of the cart. At one or both
ends of this shaft, as the case may be, we secure a pinion that gears into the before
mentioned catch wheel. Near the centre of this shaft we secure a cone, and in
connection with this is a sliding cone that is attached to a bar hinged to the axle.
When applying the brake the sliding cone is forced on to the revolving cone by
which means the cart is retarded, and the friction between the cones raises the end
of the rod and lifts, the front portion of the cart, thus relieving the weight
on the horse's back.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSING LIQUIDS IN THE FORM OF SPRAY FOR COOLING ROOMS AND LIKE PLACES."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st November 1881.
A communication from Paul Lochmann, of the City of Schkeuditz, Prussia,
German Empire.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt and
G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer, of 124 Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, Germany. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DIFFUSING LIQUIDS IN
THE FORM OF SPRAY FOR COOLING ROOMS AND LIKE PLACES." A com-
munication from Paul Lochmann, of the City of Schkeuditz, Prussia, German
Empire.
This Invention consists in apparatus for cooling the air in rooms, &c., by
spraying or dispersing liquids (water, medecine, perfume, antiseptics, &c.), said
apparatus being constructed as follows:-
An evaporator intended for producing steam is provided (or if preferable steam
may be supplied to this apparatus through conduit pipes), and the steam produced
in respectively supplied to it, is lead into a vertical pipe which is adapted at the
top of the boiler or steam generator. From the aforesaid vertical discharge pipe
the steam enters two horizontal pipes, arranged radially on both sides of the said
discharge pipe, and leaves the apparatus through the pointed ends of the said
radial pipes.
Two bent pipes extending downward into the vessel which contains the liquid
to be sprayed have their openings near the openings of the horizontal steam
pipes.
The liquid in the vessel is thus drawn up mixed with the steam, and while
discharging turned into a fine spray. The ends of the horizontal pipes (both steam
and suction pipes) are arranged in such a manner, that the jets produced come
out at an angle to the said pipes, thereby causing the moveable upper part of the
apparatus (consisting of the horizontal steam and suction pipes) to revolve.
The lower ends of the said suction pipes plunging into the liquid, participate
also in this revolution, and thereby cause the liquid in the vessel to be well mixed
and stirred.
As the volume of steam which is sprayed is much less than the volume of liquid
the temperature of the latter is not much increased.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF METAL BEDSTEADS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Peyton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1881.
RICHARD PEYTON, of West-Hampstead, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF METAL BEDSTEADS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of metal bedsteads
by doing away with cast iron dovetail joints as now generally used, and at the
same time obtaining a more convenient mode of tightening up the iron lath bottoms
than at present.
For this purpose I take pieces of angle iron of any convenient length and width
and attach them by castings, as is now done with respect to the female portion of
the dovetail joint to the pillars of the bedstend; or I bend a piece of angle iron of
suitable length till one half thereof stands at right angles to the other and then
attach it to the pillar. In these angle irons I punch holes or slots to receive the
ends of the angle iron sides or ends of bedsteads previously provided with pins or
otherwise bent down and formed into suitable shape for entering therein. These
angle iron sides and ends are to be placed on those attached to the pillars, and
the laths forming bottom of bed being thus conveniently slipped over them
before the frame of the bed is put together, are then tightened up by drawing
the angle iron sides over the edge of the angle iron affixed to pillars binding
tightly over it.
When the angle iron of head and foot are connected by castings with the pillars,
of course in this case my Invention applies to the sides only.
I do not confine myself to the use of iron to all parts of my improved bedstead,
as certain portions may be made of hard wood or papier maché.
I propose further to reduce the weight of angle iron used in constructing
bedsteads by affixing legs to the centre of the angle iron sides, either by casting it
on or by casting into the angle iron a piece of screwed tube into which the leg
laving been previously screwed can be inserted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING CLOTHES AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wilson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1881.
THOMAS WILSON, of Newcastle upon Tyne, in the County of Northumberland.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING CLOTHES AND
OTHER ARTICLES."
The form of this apparatus, and the materials of which it is made may be varied
within reasonable limits; therefore in now describing one form of it and one kind
of materials, it must be understood that I do not tie myself down to these only.
The washer consists then of an outer cylindrical vessel with flat or nearly flat
bottom, and a removable lid; a dished cover is fixed upon the bottom inside the
cylindrical vessel, thus enclosing a cavity upon the bottom, and of similar diameter.
Holes are provided in the edge of the cover all round, thus giving access for water,
etcetera, to the cavity. Tubes rise up from this cover to near the top of the outer
vessel, by preference inclining outwards as they ascend, and a short distance above
the top of these tubes is placed a ring secured to the inside of the outer vessel. A
perforated internal pan or vessel provided with suitable feet or equivalent is placed,
the feet resting upon the cover previously mentioned; the lid on the top closes all
in. The operation is as follows:-
Water is poured into the internal vessel, escapes by the perforations, flows over
the cover, and enters the bottom cavity through the holes; it should completely
cover the top of the cavity. Soap, soap-powder, or other suitable cleansing agent
is placed in the internal vessel with the clothes or other articles to be washed, and
when the heat is applied and steam is generated, the steam and water formed in.
the cavity rise up the vertical tubes, and striking the ring above them are scattered
in spray or jets over the clothes within the inner vessel. As the water rises up
the tubes more is sucked into the cavity to take its place; this is, of course, drawn
from the perforated internal vessel and through the clothes, which thus get
thoroughly cleansed; the harder the boiling the more rapid the circulation of the
water. The apparatus can either be placed bodily upon the fire, or over a gas or
other suitable flame, and may be made of copper properly wired and tinned inside,
or of cheaper materials if necessary.
A NEW OR IMPROVED DRY-COPYING INK
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1881. A communication
from abroad by Samuel L. Grünwald, of Budapest, in the Austro-Hungarian
Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "A NEW
OR IMPROVED DRY-COPYING INK." A communication from abroad by Samuel L.
Grünwald, of Budapest, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
This new dry-copying ink differs from all known descriptions of ink by its
containing as effective ingredients sugar-syrup and acetate of uranium, two
materials which have not been employed as yet in the manufacture of inks.
Moreover the process of dying this copying ink is quite irrevelant, whilst in the
manufacture of all other copying inks this process is of material importance.
This ink consists of white syrup, alcohol, distilled water, glycerine, with a small
addition of acetate of uranium. They may be compounded in various proportions.
As for the dyeing of this ink, I may employ according to the desired color an
alcoholic solution of methylviolet or some logwood extract, with a small addition
of alum or chromate of pottassa with logwood extract or other convenient dyeing
materials.
I classify this copying ink as dry-copying ink on account of its not requiring the
paper on which the copy is transferred to be wetted, as is the case with other
known processes.
AN IMPROVED ELECTRIC LAMP OR REGULATOR
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Antoine Tubini at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1881.
ANTOINE TUBINI, of Notting Hill, in the County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED
ELECTRIC LAMP OR REGULATOR."
The object of my Invention is to automatically regulate the distance between
the two carbons according to the variations in the strength of the current, and to
dispense with the mechanism generally used to feed up the carbons as they are
consumed.
The carbons are placed side by side, as in the Jablochkoff candle, but slightly
inclined towards one another, one or both of them being covered with a non-
conducting substance, such as borax, kaolin, or other refractory substance
capable of insulating the carbons and of being consumed or volatilized by the arc.
One of the carbons is capable of being moved bodily towards or away from the
other, this moveinent being obtained by the action of a solenoid or electro-magnet
placed in the circuit of the current, whereby the interval between the points of the
carbons is rendered proportional to the intensity of the current. The carbons are
fixed at their lower ends in holders, with which they are in electrical contact.
The holder of the movable carbon is provided with a crosshead furnished or not
with friction rollers sliding or rolling on guides. This holder is also connected by
a frame with a soft iron core sliding freely within a solenoid, and acted on by a
spring capable of adjustment according to the strength of the current employed.
Before the current passes, the core is moved outwards by the spring, and the one
carbon is moved towards the other until their points come in contact. When the
current passes, the soft iron core is attracted within the solenoid, the opposite end
of which is closed by an iron disc or armature. The carbons are thereby separated,
and the arc is established between the points.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Alfred Barlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May 1881. A communi-
cation from Auguste de Meriteus, of Paris, France, Engineer.
of
CHARLES ALFRED BARLOW, of the Firm of Henry Bernoulli Barlow,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES." A communication from Auguste de Meriteus, of
Paris, France, Engineer.
The new continuous current dynamo-electric machine which I wish to Patent is
exclusively magnecto-electric, that is to say, its inductors are composed of
permanent magnets. I have discovered that two straight permanent magnets, the
opposite poles of which are furnished with one common arinature of suitable size
in contact with them, will constitute a horse, shoe magnet more powerful than if the
magnet was formed of a single bar curved in the form of a horse shoe. This results
from the theory of magnetism which indicates that the pole of a straight magnet
becomes more intense if a sufficient armature is applied against its other pole. Now
in a horse shoe magnet the curved part of the plate is usually of the same breadth
and thickness as the straight sides; to give the poles the greatest power, the
curved part must be made thicker, which increases the difficulty and expense of
manufacture.
My new machine is composed of two magnetized clusters of horse shoe form, each
cluster has two arms (or branches) formed of.64 plates; these arms are arranged in
a curve, so that their inner surface is equi distant from the periphery of a ring
which rotates between them. To effect this, each of the 64 steel plates forming the
arm is laid on a cylindrical surface formed in an opening cast in an annular
magnet carrier and in a recess cast in a second annular magnet carrier. All the
plates of each arm of the clusters are parallel, and they are pierced by three
holes through which three straight bolts are passed which clamp the 64 plates
together.
The magnet carrier is of bronze, and the arms of the magnet pass through the
openings.
The second magnet carrier is of cast iron; it forms the base plate or magnetic
yoke common to all the clusters. One of the bolts passing through the plates of

page_text: No text detected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SCOURING AND CLEANSING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1881. A communication
from abroad by Leon Poitevin, of Amfreville sur Iton, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SCOURING AND CLEANSING." A communication from abroad by
Leon Poitevin, of Amfreville sur Iton, France.
This Invention relates to improvements in scouring and cleansing apparatus, and
has for its purpose to extricate tissues mechanically from the machine and to dry
them.
The machine or apparatus shows some of the principal features of the machines
called "
Pressureuses," and consists chiefly of a frame work and two superposed
cylinders kept in contact with one another as closely as possible. For allowing of
drying the stuffs one of the cylinders must be less hard on its surface than the
other, in order that all touching points be in permanent contact. I therefore
cover the upper cylinder with a band of hemp or with a plate of india-rubber or
other elastic material.
For the special purpose of the Invention I add to the above machine the following
parts:-
Two guides or posts fixed to the frame, and intended to keep the stuff away,
which runs off obliquely; a small horizontal roller for supporting the stuff; a guide
or groove for directing it right in the middle of the cylinders and preventing it
from deviating; an oblique board or block for detaching the stuff from the cylinder
as soon as it comes out; and lastly, a semi-circular box or tank placed underneath
the lower cylinder for receiving the liquid squeezed out.
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IMPROVEMENTS IN BOATS OR VESSELS TO BE DRIVEN AT HIGH SPEED.
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Horatio Frederick Phillips
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1881.
HORATIO FREDERICK PHILLIPS, of Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOATS OR VESSELS TO BE DRIVEN AT HIGH
SPEED.".
This Invention is intended to apply more particularly to torpedo boats, but it is
equally applicable to steam launches and other vessels which are propelled at high
speeds.
Owing to the great speed at which these vessels are. driven the water has not
time to fill in the run of the boat, which causes a depressing of the stern of the
bcat in the water, and a consequent increase of resistance.
Now the object of this Invention is to ensure an even keel, by which means the
resistance will be reduced, with a consequent increase in the speed of the boat.
This I effect by securing under the boat, and transversely of the keel, and in a
horizontal position, a plate or plates so arranged that they may be set at any
suitable angle. The plate or plates I place by preference nearly amidships, and I
increase or diminish the angle according to whether the speed is low or high. When
a series of plates is used, I place the plates one below the other, and secure them
together a short distance apart in any convenient manner. When the plates are
placed amidships I prefer to have a similar plate or plates at the bow; otherwise
the bow would be liable to dive.
Instead of being under the keel I may place the plates at the sides of the boat,
bringing them in board somewhat in the manner of a centre board, only that the
plates will be placed horizontally instead of vertically.
The mode of securing the plates to the vessel and of raising or lowering them as
required is capable of much variation, and the width and length of the plates will
also depend upon the size of the vessel. The angle at which the plates are set will
also be reduced as the speed increases. By the use of these plates the vessel will be
lifted partially or wholly from the water, and a higher speed with the same
expenditure of power will be obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Brice at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th March 1881.
EDWARD BRICE, of the Firm of Newman and Brice, of Dye House Works,
Inchbrook, near Stroud, in the County of Gloucester, Brass Founders and Mechanical
Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR VALVES."
This Invention relates to improvements in valve cocks and taps of all descrip-
tions, the object of the improvements being to dispense with the use of leather or
like material now usually employed for the valve seating, and which material soon
becomes deteriorated and requires to be renewed.
And my Invention consists in forming the face of the valve of a combination of
hard and soft metal, whereby I obtain a seating or face which is not affected by
wear, which forms a better joint, and is particularly adapted for steam or hot
water.
A suitable method of carrying out my Invention consists in forming a counter-
sink in the face of the valve, and in this countersink I place a disc of suitable soft
metal which is then faced flush with the outer ring of hard metal, the outer ring
of the countersink preventing the soft metal spreading under the effect of the
pressure; or the face of the valve may be formed with a concentric or annular
groove of suitable width and depth into which may be fitted a ring of suitable
soft metal; the edges of the countersink or of the groove may if required be
undercut so as to ensure a firmer hold, and prevent risk of the seating becoming
detached from its case.
By a valve of this construction, when the valve is screwed down, the soft metal
part of the face coming against the hard metal forming the edge of the opening of
the valve or tap, will perfectly adapt or grind itself to the said hard metal and form
a tight and perfect joint, and the face of the valve will not require renewing, as it
will not be affected by either heat, moisture, dirt, or grease, thus rendering a valve
or tap of this construction particularly suitable for high pressure work, and as a
tap for benzoline, petroleum, and oil cisterns.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED FOR GIVING MOTION TO SPINNING TOPS AND OTHER TOYS OF A LIKE NATURE
Year: 1881

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wrigley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th January 1881. A communication
from abroad by Georg Fiseher, of Nürnberg, in the Empire of Germany.
THOMAS WRIGLEY, of 75, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS EMPLOYED FOR GIVING MOTION TO SPINNING
TOPS AND OTHER TOYS OF A LIKE NATURE." A communication from abroad by
Georg Fiseher, of Nürnberg, in the Empire of Germany.
The Invention has for its object the construction of a novel form of apparatus
for giving motion to spinning tops or other toys of a similar description.
It is well known that the description of toy known as a top or whirligig is, as at
present, set in motion or spun by means of a cord or spring, in contradistinction to
which, and as according to this Invention, the spinning of such toys is effected by
means of a quick pitched multiplex screw, or spiral thread or threads, and a nut, the
arrangement and construction of which may be thus described :-
--
A quick-pitched multiplex screw or spiral thread provided with a nut has a
portion of its spindle above the screw fitted with a loose bandle in which such
spindle can freely revolve. The lower end of the said screw terminates in a tube
in which a slow pitch spiral groove is formed. The spindle or axis of the top fits
loosely into this tube, the said axis being provided with a pin projecting therefrom
at right angles thereto.
When it is desired to spin the top, its spindle axis is first inserted into the tube
of the multiplex screw by twisting its projecting pin into and up to the top of the
spiral groove in such tube, at this time the nut of the mutiplex screw is at the top
of the screw thread near to the handle.
In order now to spin the top the handle must be firmly held by one hand, and
the nut taken hold of by the other and forcibly pushed down the spiral threads of
the mutiplex screw, the action of which gives rapid rotation to the screw, tube
and top.
Immediately the nut in its descent arrives at the bottom of the screw, the said
screw and tube become fixed, and as they are lifted the continued rotation of the
top disengages its spindle from the spiral groove of the tube and goes on spinning
alone.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING MANUFACTURED TOBACCO
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oswald William Thompson Barnsdale
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1881.
OSWALD WILLIAM THOMPSON BARNSDALE, of the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham. IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING MANUFACTURED TOBACCO."
"
The proper quantity of manufactured tobacco, necessary to form a packet of the
size required, place in a metal tube of the usual construction employed in
packing tobacco, the said tube may be either square, round, sexagonal, or other
shape, and upon one end of such tube I place an india-rubber tube or receptacle
closed at one end this india-rubber tube is of such a length that upon the packet
of tobacco being pushed out of the metal tube it carries the india-rubber tube with
it, being covered by it, and leaving sufficient of the open end of the tube unfilled,
which is then closed by either folding the open end down or pressing the sides
together after applying a cement to the same, the said cement may be mastic,
liquid india-rubber, or india rubber solution, or other suitable cement. By such
means I produce a packet of manufactured tobacco, which is not only air tight, but
it cannot be affected by either a moist or dry atmosphere; thus the aroma may be
retained in each packet for a considerable time if unopened.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MOVABLE HORSE SHOE WITHOUT NAILS FOR SHOEING HORSES, DONKEYS, OXEN, AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacques Balbi at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1881.
JACQUES BALBI, Mechanical Engineer, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
"A NEW OR IMPROVED MOVABLE HORSE SHOE WITHOUT NAILS FOR SHOEING
HORSES, DONKEYS, OXEN, AND OTHER ANIMALS."
My Invention consists of a metal armature, plain or open worked, which
completely encompasses the hoof of the horse or other animal to be shod, which
hoof it firmly grasps without any fear of injury to the animal.
This novel shoe is provided either in front or rear with a fastening admitting of
instantaneously shoeing or unshoeing the animal.
The sole of the hoof directly rests on the iron of the shoe, which latter is
provided at the part which has contact with the earth with a variable number of
screws or nails for getting a firm foot hold, and so avoid slipping. These can
either be retained or removed, as desired, and replaced by frost nails.
This system of construction avoids the ordinary complaints that horses suffer in
the feet produced by the nailed shoes, and can be advantageously employed as a
curative means for hoofs that have been injured by the nailed shoes.
The metal part on which the sole of the hoof rests compasses the whole of this
part of the foot, and rises round the hoof in a rim, which holds the toe and the
sides of the hoof. The frog separating the heel rests on a part of the shoe which
is bent inwards for the purpose.
At the rear the rim is higher for the reception of the fastening piece, which is a
metal piece, and which by two slots is adjusted in two slides fixed on each side of
the bent up rim. Two external slits in this fastener serve to hook into the bent
ends of a hoop or ring, which is solid with a piece of the rim which rises in front
of the hoof a little below its summit.
The fastening piece is provided with another plate supplied with two cushions,
which gently press against the pastern below the fetlock.
A small lever turning on a screw bolts the fastening piece to the ends of the rim
of the shoe at the rear, and the ends of this lever form as it were a spring in the
notches of the rim.
•
Finally, two stops, one on either side, check the hoop or ring at the proper
height, so that it does not distress the hoof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Langridge at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1881.
RICHARD LANGRIDGE, of the Town and County of Bristol.
CORSETS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
Heretofore in stitching the seams of corsets together the seams have been laid
parallel, and stitched together in a straight line; now this is often found objectionable,
because with extra strain the stitches yield, and the corsets burst. Now according
to my Invention I first seam the corset, and place on a strip of material over the
seam; this done I stitch the seams and material together in a diamond, zigzag,
curved, or equivalent form or device, the said stitches crossing and recrossing the
central or main seam at narrow or wide intervals or distances, and by this means I
secure the seams together in such manner as to be practically unyieldable, and not
capable of bursting under any pressure to which they may be subjected as they do
Moreover by my Invention I obtain not only a firm unburstable scam, but
if desired ornamentally stitched at the same time, such ornamentation being capable
of being varied as fancy and taste may dictate.
now.
AN IMPROVED AERATED BEVERAGE, AND MODE OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME.
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Kempster at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1881.
CHARLES KEMPSTER, the younger, of Kinton House, Nesscliffe, near Shrewsbury
in the County of Salop. "AN IMPROVED AERATED BEVERAGE, AND MODE OF
MANUFACTURING THE SAME.'
"
I take a quantity of malted barley (the quantity required varies with the
quality of the malt) and steep it in hot or boiling water for such time as will
enable the water to extract the saccharine and other ingredients contained in the
malt; then draw off the water or wort and boil with sufficient quantity of hops to
give it an agreeable bitter flavour (the quantity of hops would vary according to
the quality). After boiling, pass the liquor through a refrigerator, then filter, and
after filtration pump it into a strong chamber, where it is subjected to the action
of carbonic acid at a high pressure.
.
The acid and the liquor are allowed to thoroughly react on each other, and are
then bottled together under pressure in a soda water bottling machine. By this
means all fermentation is prevented, and the liquor will keep for an indefinite
period clear and good.
NEW OR IMPROVED DISINFECTANT AND ANTISEPTIC COMPOUND, AND THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Francis Scott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1881.
THOMAS FRANCIS SCOTT, of Glengall Road, in the County of Surrey. "NEW
OR IMPROVED DISINFECTANT AND ANTISEPTIC COMPOUND, AND THE MANUFACTURE
THEREOF."
This Invention has for its object the production of a new disinfectant and
antiseptic.
In carrying out my Invention I proceed mainly as follows:-
I take an oxide of manganese and mix therewith. a potash sulphate of alumina
or potash alum, and fuse in a suitable apparatus, producing a combined salt of
potassio manganate or permanganate of alumina.
Or I take soda alum, producing sodio-manganate or permanganate, or potash or
soda alum, and the manganates or permanganates of soda and potash, and mix in
suitable proportions by suitable means.
The important point or feature of my Invention is that, whereas the manganates
or permanganates of potash or soda only deodorize by the oxygen given out in the
presence of organic bodies in solution liberated in the gaseous form, thereby
attacking only the floating atmospheric organisms or matter; by my Invention a
new chemical combination of alumina potash or soda and the oxides of manganese
produces a chemical compound, which not only deodorizes and disinfects by liberation
of oxygen, but has antiseptic properties peculiar to fused potash or soda aluminates,
thus destroying all parasitic fungi, animalculae, and organic bodies, by converting
albuminous and gelatinous compounds into an innocuous insoluble body.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BROOCHES, BRACELETS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY AND DRESS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Wood and George Robert
Jolliffe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February
1881.
STEPHEN WOOD and GEORGE ROBERT JOLLIFFE, both of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BROOCHES, BRACELETS,
AND OTHER ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY AND DRESS."
Our Invention consists of the construction and combination of parts hereinafter
described, our object being to construct a simple but efficient fastener for brooches,
bracelets, and other articles of jewellery and dress, in order to secure or protect the
same by preventing the said articles from coming undone when employed to their
purpose, and lost. We will describe our Invention as applied to a brooch. We use
the ordinary back plate of the brooch jointed as hitherto, which carries the pin, but
we flatten the point into a spear shape; at the extreme end of the back plate from
the joint is a standard or upright, having a slot or opening for carrying a rod, one
end of which projects, and upon which is fed a helical spring, the other end has a
catch, the upper part of which is declined; the standard has also a cross slot,
through which the said catch is visible, to secure or fasten. When the pin has
been passed through the dress it is placed in the cross slot above described, and
upon the decline of the catch by pressure it will yield, allowing it to pass, and
securely engage; to release the same pressure is applied to the rod over the helical
spring, when the catch will be disengaged. Should the joint of the brooch become
broken it could not be lost, as the spear shape point of the pin would not pass from
the catch until released by pressure, as above described.
To other fastenings of articles of jewellery than brooches the arranging of parts
is substantially the same, but dispensing with the pointed pin.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOUNTS FOR TOBACCO PIPES AND CIGAR AND CIGARETTE HOLDERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Ovid Sandheim at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1881.
DAVID OVID SANDHEIM, of East Road, City Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Jeweller and Pipe Mounter. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOUNTS FOR TOBACCO PIPES
AND CIGAR AND CIGARETTE HOLDERS."
The object of my Invention is to securely retain in place in their stems the
mouth pieces of pipes and holders used for smoking, and thereby to prevent
their separation or detachment when such is not required, as now often occurs.
According to my Invention the spigot into which the mouthpiece is fitted is
formed with a spiral or other suitable groove or channel, which extends along the
spigot for a portion of its length, or for its entire length, and which may terminate
in a cavity or depression. The collar or lining of the "body" of the mount is
provided with one or more studs or projections, which take into the groove or
channel forined on the spigot on the parts being connected, and thus the mouth-
piece is firmly and securely held in place in the stem.
Or the groove or channel may be contrived on the lining or collar, and the stud
or studs may be on the spigot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCUTCHING MACHINERY
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elis Schenson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1881.
ELIS SCHENSON of Upsala, Sweden, but at present of Norfolk Street Strand
in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCUTCHING MACHINERY."
The object of this Invention is to separate the wood, parts from the fibrous parts
of hemp flax, china grass, and other like substances.
According to this Invention I pass the hemp or other material to be scutched or
treated between endless bands passing in the same directions and provided with
breaking or scraping appliances so formed as to grip and bend the material; these
appliances are so arranged on the bands as to come opposite one another; they
may be made of hard wood or other suitable hard material. The scrapers are
formed with projections and recesses so as to gear or interlock with one another;
I prefer to round one edge of each projection. The material is fed to the machine
and held while scutched by hand or by special feed appliance.
The machine may be constructed as follows:-
I mount a pair of upper and a pair of lower rollers on suitable standards or
frames at each end of the machine and if required at any intermediate part;
endless bands pass round from the upper to the lower pulleys, the scrapers or
breakers being fastened to the said bands in suitable distances and a parallel space
being left between in which space the material to be treated is introduced say
from the top and by means of and between two endless bands provided with
suitable guides to keep them at the proper distance apart and also provided with
means for gripping the material. There are guides for keeping the scrapers the
proper distance from each other so as to interlock. By means of pulleys or
other suitable means the material is caused to take the proper direction to enter
between the scrapers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS OR MEANS FOR SUPPORTING SCREW PROPELLER SHAFTS IN THE STERN TUBES, PIPES, OR BOXES OF SCREW STEAMERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rudd Oswald at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1881.
WILLIAM RUDD OSWALD, of Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, Marine
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS OR MEANS FOR SUPPORTING SCREW
PROPELLER SHAFTS IN THE STERN TUBES, PIPES, OR BOXES OF SCREW STEAMERS."
According to this Invention wear of lignum vitæ or other bearings used to
support propeller shafts in the stern tubes, pipes, or boxes of screw steamers is
compensated by the use of inclines, whereby the said bearings are caused to
approach the shaft to the requisite extent. In one arrangement the stern tube or
pipe is formed or provided with longitudinal inclines, and the lignum vitæ strips
or other bearing pieces are able to be moved along such inclines as required. The
stern tube or pipe may be of conical form internally, and formed with grooves or
recesses to receive the lignum vitæ strips or other bearing pieces which may
conveniently be of wedge shape.
In modifications the lignum vitae strips or other bearing pieces are held in suitable
backings, holding pieces, or blocks of inclined form, and are moved towards the
shaft as required by wedges operating on such backings, holding pieces, or blocks;
or these may be dispensed with, and the lignum vitæ strips or other bearing pieces
be operated upon directly by a wedge or wedges. In soine cases it may be found
convenient to make some only of the lignum vitæ strips or other bearing pieces
adjustable.
It will be evident bearings, with means for adjusting them in the stern tubes,
pipes, or boxes of screw steamers to compensate for wear according to my Invention,
as above set forth, may be constructed in various forms.