IMPROVEMENTS THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND BRUSHES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Platt, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND BRUSHES."
IN
Sealed the 10th August 1869, and dated the 21st May 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Platt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his l'etition, on the
21st May 1869.
I, JOHN PLATT, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND BRUSHES," to be as follows, that
is to say:
This Invention refers to improved methods of fastening or securing
into the stocks or backs of brooms and brushes the bass, fibre, bristles,
hair, kittool, weed, grass, or other material used in the manufacture of
such articles.

page_text: I take a stock, back, or board, herein-after termed the stock, whether
flat, bevilled, round, oval, or other required outline, and formed of wood,
metal, ivory, bone, shell, composition, or other suitable material, and
drill or bore to a requisite depth upon the brush surface a number of
round or other shaped holes in straight rows, at angles to each other or
in suitable pattern for receiving the knots or bunches of the material
to form the broom or brush. I also rill or bore in the side edges of
the stock, either across or through the length of the stock, a series of
smaller holes in a direct line with the vertical holes; these smaller holes
are for the purpose of receiving pins, screws, or rivets, formed of metal,
wood, or other suitable material, which when the knots or bunches of
the material are in position in the vertical holes are driven through one,
two, or a series of the knots to the opposite side or end of the stock,
when the pointed ends of the pins or rivets may be knocked up or
rivetted in the usual way by suitable means; thus the lengths or
bunches of the brushing material are securely fastened in position in the
stock. Or the pins or rivets may pass through a portion only of the
length or breadth of the stock if preferred, and in using rivets or pins in
manner described for brooms or brushes having rounded or curved
outlines sometimes prefer to drive such pins or rivets through the
knots sideways, or at given angles to each other.
Instead of using rivets or pins for securing the lengths or bunches..
I also purpose passing a continuous length or lengths of wire through
the smaller holes already specified upon the side edges of the stock, so as
to pass through the knots in succession, crossing and recrossing the
length or width of the stock, the ends being suitably secured.
By another method I drill or bore through the thickness of the stock a
series of round or other formed holes, arranged in rows or other suitable
manner for the reception of the knots or bunches of material to be
secured therein in the formation of the brush or broom; I then form
grooves from hole to hole in lines upon the back of the stock to receive
a continuous wire, the end of which is passed through each of the loops
or knots of the material in succession, such loops or knots having been
previously forced through the holes from the face of the stock, and a
board, back plate, or veneer fastened down over the back of the stock
with screws or other suitable means will complete the broom or brush.

page_text: Or, again, pass the lengths or bunches of the brush material
through the holes in such manner that each hole shall contain two
halves or portions of different knots or bunches; by these means
interwoven series of bunches of the brushing material is obtained, which
will be rigidly fastened in position when the back piece or veneer has
been secured down upon the stock. In cases where it is desirable not to
shew the rivet heads upon the edges of the brooms or brushes as
described a band of suitable material may be secured around the stock
as a finish thereto.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Platt in the Great Seal Patent Office
the 20th November 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, JOHN
PLATT, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Fler heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Platt, Her special license
that I, the said John Platt, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as 1, the said John Platt, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
thers, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BROOMS AND BRUSHES." upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Platt, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar mouths next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said John Platt, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say-
My Invention refers to improved methods of fastening or securing
into the stocks or backs of brooms and brushes the bass, fibre, bristles,
hair, kittool, weed, grass, or other material used in the manufacture of
such articles.
In preparing the knots or bunches of the brushing material for
securing into the stocks or backs of brooms or brushes I cut the
brushing material into suitable lengths, and tie such lengths in the
middle, as represented in Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto attached;
the lengths so tied are then doubled or bent up, as shewn in Figure 2.
I take a stock, back, or board, herein-after termed the stock, whether
flat, bevilled, round, oval, or other required outline, and formed of wood,
metal, ivory, bone, shell, composition, or other suitable material, and
drill or bore to a requisite depth upon the brush surface a number of
round or other shaped holes in the ordinary manner. Referring to
Figure 3 (a) represent the holes described, which may be arranged in
straight rows at angles to each other, or in suitable pattern for receiving
the knots or bunches of the material to form the broom or brush. 1 also
drill or bore in the side edges of the stock a series of smaller holes (b) in
a direct line with the vertical holes, either across the width or length of
the stock or back; these smaller holes (6) are for the purpose of
receiving pins, pegs. staples, screws, or rivets, such as (c and d) formed
of metal, wood. or other suitable material, which when the prepared
knots or bunches, as shewn in Figure 2, have been forced into position in
the vertical holes (a) are driven or drawn through the smaller holes (b),
and through one, two, or a series of the knots or bunches.
The pins or
rivets (c and d) will pass through the centre of the knots or bunches,
that is to say, through the part formed by the bend, just clear of the tie,
as at (e, Figure 2,) and when the pin or rivet passes through a series of
the knots or bunches to the opposite side or end of the stock or back, the
pointed end of the pin or rivet may be "knocked up or rivetted in the
"

page_text: usual way by suitable means; thus the lengths or bunches of the brush-
ing material are securely fastened in position in the stock.
Figure 3 shews a broom or brush half made. () represent the pins
or rivets driven home; the broom or brush completed will be seen in
Figure 4.
As shewn in Figure 5, instead of using rivets or pins for securing the
lengths or bunches of the brushing material I also purpose passing a
continuous length or lengths of wire (g) through the smaller holes
already specified upon the side edges of the stock, so as to pass through
the knots in succession, erossing and recrossing the length or width of
the stock, the ends being suitably secured.
In the formation of brooms and brushes having rounded or curved
outlines I sometimes prefer to drive or draw the pins, or rivets, or wire
through the knots or bunches of the brushing material sideways or at
given angles to each other.
By another method, as represented in Figure 6, 1 drill or bore through
the thickness of the stock or back a series of round or other forme:
holes (h), arranged in suitable manner for the reception of the knots or
bunches of material; I then form grooves (7) from hole to hole in lines
upon the back of the stock to receive a continuous length or lengths of
wire (), which pass through the knots in succession, the knots having
been previously forced through the holes (h) from the face of the stock,
and a board, back plate, or veneer (2) fastened down over the back of the
stock with screws or other suitable means will complete the broom or
brush.
Or, again, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, I pass the lengths or bunches
of the brush material through the holes in such manner that each
hole (m) shall contain two halves (a and o) of different knots or bunches,
by which means an interwoven series of bunches of the brushing
material is obtained, which will be rigidly secured when the back piece
or veneer has been fastened down upon the stock. In cases where it is
desirable not to shew the rivet heads or wire upon
the edges of the
brooms or brushes, as described, a band of suitable material may be
secured around the stock as a finish thereto.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same may be carried into effect, I claim without

page_text: limiting myself to these precise details, the method of fastening or
securing the brushing material into the stocks or backs of brooms and
brushes by means of pins, pegs, staples, screws, or rivets, or by means of
wire, as herein more fully set forth and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Platt, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JOHN PLATT. (L.S.)