IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AXLE ARMS FOR WAGONS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Bristol Savage, of Southington, in the County of
Hartford and State of Connecticut, in the United States of North America,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AXLE
ARMS FOR WAGONS." A communication by Robert R. Miller, of Plantsvillo,
in the said County of Hartford and State of Connecticut, and United States of
North America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Julius Bristol Savage at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patcuts on the 18th November 1880.
JULIUS BRISTOL SAVAGE, of Southington, in the County of Hartford and State
of Connecticut, in the United States of North America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AXLE ARMS FOR WAGONS." A communication by
Robert R. Miller, of Plantsville, in the said County of Hartford and State of
Connecticut, and United States of North America.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the parts of my apparatus separated from each
other.
Figure 2 is a like view of the rear side of the cutter head; Figure 3 is a central
longitudinal section of said apparatus as arranged for use in dressing the shoulder
at the inner end of an axle arm; and Figure 4 is a like view of the same as
arranged for operation upon the outer end of said axle arm, letters of like namo
and kind refer to like parts in each of the Figures.
The design of my Invention is to enable unnecessary end-shake of a wagon
wheel caused by wear to be obviated, and said wheel restored to its original
condition in such respect without rendering necessary removal of the old box and
its replacement by a new and longer box, to which end,-
It consists principally in a cutter head journalled upon a bearing which is capable
of being centered upon an axle arm, and provided with a cutter that is adapted to
be moved radially upon or over the face of said head, whereby the shoulders at the
inner and outer ends of the said axle arm may be dressed, and its threaded end cut
off, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified. It consists, further,
in the means employed for journalling the cutter head to or upon an axle arm,
substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown. It consists, further, in the
I Pring Ca

page_text: means employed for centering the bearing of the cutter head upon an axle arm,
substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth. It consists, further, in
the means employed for adjusting the cutter to position, substantially as and for
the purpose hereinafter shown and described. It consists, finally, in the construction
and combination of the parts of the apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose
hereinafter specified. In the annexed Drawings, A represents a metal disc provided
upon one side with a hub A¹, that has the form of a hollow cylinder, is reduced in
size from its outer end nearly to the rear face of said disc, and is provided within
such reduced portion with a circumferential right angled groove a, within which is
fitted a correspondingly shaped ring B, that is cut into two sections so as to permit
of its insertion within or removal from said groove. The axial opening a' of said
hub extends through said disc. Within the disc A is provided a radial opening a¹
that contains a block C, which is capable of motion therein toward or from the
center of said disc, and is moved to and held in position by means of a spiral
spring D that is placed between its inner end and the inner end of said opening,
and a screw E which passes through the periphery of said disc into the outer end of
said opening, and bears against the outer end of said block. When said screw is
turned inward, said spring yields and permits said block to be moved in the same
direction, while upon turning said screw outward, said spring expands and moves
said block in a like direction. The block C. is provided with an opening c which
receives a bolt F that has upon its outer end a flat head, within which is a
rectangular opening f, that receives and contains a cutter G, having in cross section
a corresponding shape. The rear end of said bolt is tbreaded, and passes through a
washer H, which extends at each side beyond said opening c, and bears upon the
rear face of the disc A, while upon said threaded end is placed a nut f¹, by means
of which said bolt may be drawn rearward through its opening, and caused to
clamp said cutter G firiuly against the outer face of said disc. The cutter G has
a square point, and in order that it may be adjusted so as to cause its cutting edge
to have the requisite angle with relation to the surface being cut, a set screw I is
arranged within a lug as that projects from the face of the disc A, with its point in
contact with the heel of said cutter, so that by moving said screw within its bearing,
the inner end of said cutter will be moved forward or permitted to move rearward,
until the necessary adjustment is secured.
The rear reduced portion of the hub A' fits loosely into a cylindrical sleeve K,
I which has about twice the length of such part, and is provided with two or more
radially arranged set screws that may be caused to impinge upon the periphery of
the sectional ring B; said ring has such interior dimensions as to enable it to turn
freely within a groove a, when said set screws have passed its sections firmly
together, by which means said hub A' and sleeve K are journalled together and
permitted to have free independent rotation while held securely together longitu-
dinally. The cutter head A being provided with radial handles A2, is used as
follows, viz.-A sleeve L corresponding in interior dimensions to the exterior of
an axle M near its center, and having exteriorly such size and shape as to permit
the sleeve K to pass over the same, is placed upon said axle arm, and driven firmly
upon its tapering periphery, after which said cutter head is passed over said sleeve L
until the cutter G is in the desired position with relation to the inner shoulder m
of said axle arm, when four radial set screws ', provided near the rear end of said
sleeve K are turned inward, and caused to firmly clasp sleeve L. The cutter head A
is now journalled upon a firm bearing and may be freely rotated, when by moving
the cutter G inward, the cutting edge of the latter will be brought into contact
with the shoulder m of the axle arm M; and by continuing such operation, said
shoulder will have its face cut away so as to remove all traces of wear, and to
cause said face to present a straight smooth surface. The cutter head is now
reversed, so as to bring its cutter into position for operation upon the outer
shoulder m² of the axle arm M, and said shoulder cut back, until said arm has the
necessary length, after which said cutter head is moved sufficiently forward to
enable said cutter to impinge upon and cut off from the end of the screw m³ all

page_text: surplus stock. Nothing now remains but to cut the screw threads upon said end...²
up to the new shoulder m', which is done by means of an ordinary die plate. As
the nuts of axle arms sometimes require to be tapped out to correspond to the
newly threaded end m², it is necessary that provision should be made for holding
said nuts in position during such operation, for which purpose I provide within the
disc or cutter head A several square openings a', having different dimensions so as
to accommodate nuts having different sizes. A nut being placed in one of said
openings will be securely held, and may be re-tapped with ease. From use, axle
arms become worn flat in places, and in order that such wear may not interfere
with the centering of the cutting apparatus; and to enable the taper of different
axle arms to be fitted, old boxes are cut into suitable lengths, and have their
exteriors made straight and round, and are then used in place of or within the
sleeve L, several of such sleeves being provided for each apparatus. The apparatus
described furnishes a convenient means whereby the operations described may be
easily and neatly done by any person possessing ordinary skill in the use of tools at
any place, and without other derangement of a wagon than the removal of its
wheels.
Having described my Invention, and the manner in which the same may be
carried into practical effect, what I desire to claim is,―
1. A cutter head journalled upon a bearing which is capable of being centered
upon an axle arm, and provided with a cutter that is adapted to be moved radially
upon or over the face of said head, whereby the shoulders at the inner and outer
cuds of the said axle arın may be dressed, and its threaded end cut off, substantially
as described.
2. As a means for journalling the cutter head upon an axle arm, the sectional
ring B fitted into a groove a in the hub A¹ of said head, the sleeve K provided
with the radial screws and k, and the sleeve L fitted upon said axle arm, and
within said sleeve K, said parts being combined in the manner substantially as
shown.
3. As a means for centering the sleeve kupon an axle arm, and in combination
therewith, the sleeve L and set screw k¹, substantially as set forth.
4. As a means for adjusting the cutter G to position and in combination there-
with, the block C fitted into the radial opening'a², of the head A, the spring D, aud
set screw E, arranded to bear upon opposite sides of said block, the bolt F having
the opening and nut f', the washer H, and the set screw I, for the purpose
described.
5. The combination of the dise A provided with the hub A¹, groove a, axial
opening a', radial opening a³, and handles A³, the sectional ring B, the sliding
block C, the spring D, the set screw E, the bolt F, having the opening f and nut f³,
the cutter G, the washer H, set screw I, the sleeve K provided with set screws k
and ¹ and the sleeve L, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julius Bristol Savage, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
JULIUS BRISTOL SAVAGE. (L.S.)