Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning Hydro-carbon Oil or Spirit.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1896-Accepted, 21st Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning Hydro-carbon
Oil or Spirit.
I, ROBERT KIESOW of 25 Fore Street Avenue in the City of London, Lamp
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me
by August Kiesow of 24 Georgenkirch Strasse Berlin in the Kingdom of Prussia
and Empire of Germany Lamp Manufacturer, to be as follows :-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with lamps for burning
hydro-carbon oil or spirit.
A source of considerable danger in lamps of this class is the vapourization of the
oil, and the possibility of such vapour passing to the flame of the lamp and igniting
and thus causing an explosion.
Now the primary object of the present invention is to trap the vapour and
prevent it passing to the burner and thereby obviate the danger above pointed out.
For this purpose a descending tube is employed which loosely surrounds the wick
and at its upper end is hermetically fixed with the burner fitting into which the
burner screws or is otherwise fastened and this descending tube passes downward
to within a short distance of the bottom of the reservoir where it is spread out in
the form of an inverted dish or box to meet the walls or bottom of the reservoir
with which it is or may be fixed and thus form a small chamber at the bottom of
the descending tube into which the end of the wick is received and from which
it takes its supply of oil.
This wick chamber is provided at its lowest point with a number of small
openings establishing communication between it and the reservoir of the lamp so
that the contained oil may flow therethrough from the latter into the former to
feed the wick.
By this arrangement of parts the vapour would require to pass through the
communication ways into the descending tube in order to reach the burner and
inasmuch as such communication ways are sealed by the oil until it is almost
entirely exhausted, it will be evident that the danger of explosion by the
vapour passing to the flame of the lamp will be greatly reduced or entirely
obviated.
As a modification the descending tube is formed separate and removeable from
the enlargement or partition and at its upper end is fixed with the burner which is
furnished with a screw or other means of hermetically fixing it with the burner
fitting whilst the wick chamber is formed by an inverted dish shaped partition
sealed with the reservoir and provided with a tapered or other suitable neck or
fitting to telescopically receive the lower end of the descending tube and thus form
a tight connection between the parts, the communication ways to the oil being
arranged in a similar manner to that herein before described with respect to 'the
first arrangement.
As a further modification the descending tube is fixed with the burner in the
manner lastly herein before described so as to be removeable therewith whilst
the wick chamber is formed by a horizontal disc or partition extending across the
reservoir at the lower part thereof and at its periphery scaled therewith and
furnished with a central opening through which the lower end of the descending
tube loosely passes so as to allow of the oil flowing around the same to the wick
chamber.

page_text: Although for the purposes of description a single wick is referred to as sur-
rounded by the descending tube, it will be understood that the device may be
employed in connection with one or a number of wicks either flat or circular and
with central draught or other burners provided the wick chamber is formed of
suitable dimensions for the reception of the ends of the wicks.
It will be obvious that the details and arrangement of the parts may be further
modified without departing from the spirit of this invention.
In lamps of the character hereinbefore described that is to say lamps in which
the burner and consequently any air supply from that source is sealed off from the
reservoir it becomes necessary to admit a small supply of air through the filler or
otherwise outside the descending tube in order to permit the proper flow of oil
to the wick.
Air holes of this character are generally considered dangerous for the reason
that upon the overturning of the lamp the oil will readily flow out therefrom.
Now in order to obviate this defect according to the present invention the
filler cap or stopper is formed like a hollow cylinder or box provided with a central
or other air hole in its top which leads into a minute chamber located within the
cylinder or box and sealed with the top and provided with a small lateral hole
therein whilst the bottom of the screw stopper is furnished at some distance
from the small chamber with an air hole leading to the interior of the reservoir.
By these means upon the overturning of the lamp the flow of oil through the
air hole of the filling stopper will be arrested or so much retarded as to obviate
any danger from that source.
It will be understood that the arrangement of the parts of this device may be
modified whilst still preserving the characteristic features thereof.
This device is applicable to other forms of lamps than those hereinbefore
described in which side filling orifices are employed.
Dated this 21st day of January 1896.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Lamps for Burning Hydro-carbon
Oil or Spirit.
I, ROBERT KIESOW of 25 Fore Street Avenue in the City of London Lamp
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communication to me
by August Kiesow of 24 Georgenkirch Strasse, Berlin in the Kingdom of Prussia
and Empire of Germany Lamp Manufacturer, and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with lamps for burning
hydro-carbon oil or spirit.
A source of considerable danger in lamps of this class is the vapourisation of
the oil, and the possibility of such vapour passing to the flame of the lamp and
igniting, and thus causing an explosion.
Now the primary object of the present invention is to trap the vapour and prevent
it passing to the burner and thereby obviate the danger above pointed out.
For this purpose a descending tube is employed which loosely surrounds the
wick, and at its upper end is hermetically fixed with the burner fitting neck or
collar into which the burner screws or is otherwise fastened, and this descending
tube passes downward to within a short distance of the bottom of the reservoir
where it is spread out in the form of an inverted dish or box to meet the walls or

page_text: bottom of the resurvoir with which it is or may be fixed, and thus forn a small
chamber at the bottom of the descending tube into which the end of the wick is
received, and from which it takes its supply of oil.
This wick chamber is provided at its lowest point with a number of small
openings establishing communication between it and the reservoir of the lamp so
that the contained oil may flow therethrough from the latter into the former to
feed the wick.
By this arrangement of parts the vapour would require to pass through the
communication ways into the descending tube in order to reach the burner, and
inasmuch as such communication ways are sealed by the oil until it is almost
entirely exhausted it will be evident that the danger of explosion by the vapour
passing to the flame of the lamp will be greatly reduced or entirely obviated.
As a modification the descending tube is formed separate and removeable from
the enlargement or partition and at its upper end is fixed with the burner which is
furnished with a screw or other means of hermetically fixing it with the burner
fitting whilst the wick chamber is formed by an inverted dish shaped partition
sealed with the reservoir, aud provided with a tapered or other suitable neck or
fitting to telescopically receive the lower end of the descending tube, and thus form
a tight connection between the parts, the communication ways to the oil being
arranged in a similar manner to that hereinbefore described with respect to the first
arrangement.
As a further modification the descending tube is fixed with the burner in the
manner lastly hereinbefore described so as to be removeable there with whilst the
wick chamber is formed by a horizontal disc or partition extending across
the reservoir at the lower part thereof and at its periphery sealed therewith and
furnished with a central opening through which the lower end of the descending
tube loosely passes so as to allow of the oil flowing around the same to the wick
chamber.
Although for the purposes of description a single wick is referred to as surrounded
by the descending tube it will be understood that the device may be employed in
connection with one or a number of wicks either flat or circular and with central
draught or other burners provided the wick chamber is formed of suitable
dimensions for the reception of the ends of the wicks.
It will be obvious that the details and arrangement of the parts may be further
modified without departing from the spirit of this invention.
In lamps of the character hereinbefore described that is to say lamps in which
the burner and consequently any air supply from that source is sealed off from
the reservoir, it becomes necessary to admit a small supply of air through the
filler or otherwise outside the descending tube in order to permit the proper flow
of oil to the wick.
Air holes of this character are generally considered dangerous for the reason.
that upon the overturning of the lamp the oil will readily flow out therefrom.
Now in order to obviate this defect according to the present invention the
filler cap or stopper is formed like a hollow cylinder or box provided with a
central or other air hole in its top which leads into a minute chamber located
within the cylinder or box and sealed with the top and provided with a small
lateral hole therein whilst the bottom of the screw stopper is furnished at some
distance from the small chamber with an air hole leading to the interior of the
reservoir.
By these means upon the overturning of the lamp the flow of oil through the
air hole of the filling stopper will be arrested or so much retarded as to obviate any
danger from that'source.
It will be understood that the arrangement of the parts of this device may be
modified whilst still preserving the characteristic features thereof.
This device is applicable to other forms of lamps than those hereinbefore
described in which side filling orifices are employed.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a lamp constructed according to the present
invention.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of part of a lamp reservoir illustrating a modification
in the form of the partition.
Figure 4 is a plan thereof.
Figure 5 is a vertical section representing the parts of a lamp reservoir illustrating
a modification in the form of the descending tube.
Figure 6 is a similar view to Figure 1 representing a modification in the method
of carrying the descending tube.
Figure 7 is a similar view to Figure 3 representing a slight modification in the
arrangement illustrated at Figure 6.
Figure 8 is a similar view to Figure 1 representing the application of the device
to a central draught burner.
and
Figure 9 is a plan of a filler constructed according to the present invention.
Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 9
Figure 11 is a similar view to Figure 10 representing a slight modification.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference, Figures 9, 10, and 11 are drawn to an increased scale with respect to
the other figures of the drawings.
с
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 a represents the lamp reservoir or container
and b represents the burner, e represents a descending tube which loosely surrounds
the wick 6 and at its upper end is hermetically fixed with the burner fitting, neck,
or collar a of the lamp and the neck or collar al is furnished with a threaded ring a
into which the threaded part 6 of the burner b screws but it will be evident that
the burner might be otherwise fixed with the collar a'.
The descending tube e passes downward to within a short distance of the bottom
of the reservoir a where it is spread out or formed with an inverted dish or box c¹
which at its periphery meets the walls or bottom of the reservoir a with which it
is or may be hermetically fixed and thus forms a small chamber c at the bottom of
the descending tube c into which the end of the wick 61 is received and from which
it takes its supply of oil.
The wall of the wick chamber c³ is provided at its lowest point with a number
of small openings c³ which establish communication between the chamber and the
reservoir a of the lamp, so that the contained oil may flow therethrough from the
reservoir a into the chamber to feed the wick b¹.
By this arrangement of parts the vapour would require to pass through the
communication ways 3 into the descending tube c in order to reach the burner band
inasmuch as such communication ways c³ are sealed by the oil within the reservoir a
until it is almost entirely exhausted it will be evident that the danger of explosion
by the vapour passing to the flame of the lamp will be greatly reduced or entirely
obviated.
Furthermore the device would prevent a sudden rush of oil to the burner in the
event of the lamp being overturned.
In the modification represented at Figures 3 and 4 the partition takes the
form of a disc baving the periphery fixed with or impinging upon the reservoir a
but in other respects the device is substantially the same as that herein before
described.
In the example given at Figure 5 the device is similar to that represented at
Figures 1 and 2 with the exception that the descending tube c below the ring or
collar a' is contracted in order to reduce as far as possible the quantity of free oil

page_text: contained in the descending tube and thus minimise the quantity of oil which
would be spilled in the event of the overturning of the lamp.
In the example given at Figure 6 the descending tube c is formed separate and
removeable from the enlargement or partition c and at its upper end is fixed
with the burner which is hermetically fixed with the collar al by means of a
screw as hereinbefore described with respect to Figures 1 and 2, or any other
suitable device might be employed in lieu thereof.
The chamber in this case is formed by an inverted dish shaped partition
hermetically or otherwise fixed with the reservoir and provided with a tapered.
or trumpet-mouthed or other suitable neck or fitting of which telescopically
receives the lower end of the descending tube c and thus forms a tight
connection between the parts the communication ways to the oil being
arranged in a similar manner to that described with respect to the first
arrangement.
In the example given at Figure 7 the device is still further modified that is to
say the descending tube c is fixed with the burner 6 in the manner lastly herein-
before described so as to be removeable therewith, whilst the wick chamber c² is
formed by a horizontal disc or partition c extending across the reservoir a at the
lower part thereof and at its periphery sealed therewith and furnished with a
central opening through which the lower end of the descending tube c loosely passes
so as to leave an annular way around the tube b and thus allow of the oil flowing
therethrough to the wick chamber c*.
In the example given at Figure 8 the invention is shown applied to a central
draught lamp provided with an air tube a³ passing vertically therethrough as is
well understood, and in this example the arrangement shown is that described with
respect to Figures 1 and 2 but it will be understood that in this case the wick 6¹ will
surround the central air tube a³.
Although for the purposes of this description a single wick is referred to as
surrounded by the descending tube c it will be understood that the descending.
tube c and chamber c² may be employed in connection with a number of wicks either
flat or circular and with central draught or other burners provided the wick chamber c³
is formed of suitable dimensions for the reception of the ends of the wicks and the
descending tube c is of suitable proportions.
I have not however thought it necessary to illustrate the application of the device
to a group of wicks such as that lastly herein before referred to as a competent
mechanic will readily understand such arrangement from the foregoing description.
In the example given at Figures 9 10 and 11 is represented the improved
filler.
In lamps of the character herein before described that is to say lamps in which
the burner b and consequently any possible air supply from that source is sealed off
from the reservoir a it becomes necessary to admit a small supply of air through
the filler d or otherwise outside the descending tube c in order to permit the proper
flow of oil to the wick b¹.
Air holes of this character are generally considered dangerous for the reason
that upon the overturning of the lamp the oil will readily flow out therefrom.
Now in order to obviate this defect according to the present invention the filler
cap or stopper d is formed like a hollow cylinder or box provided with a central or
other air hole d' in its top which leads into a minute chamber d located within the
cylinder or box d and sealed with the top and provided with a small lateral hole d'
therein whilst the bottom d' of the screw stopper or filler is furnished at some
distance from the small chamber d² with an air hole d³ leading to the interior of the
reservoir a.
In the example given at Figure 11 the minute chamber d is formed by placing
the disc d' which in the former example constituted the bottom of the stopper
immediately beneath and in close juxtaposition to the top the same position of the
air ways d' d being preserved.
By these means upon the overturning of the lamp the flow of oil through the air

page_text: hole d' of the filling stopper will be arrested or so much retarded as to obviate any
danger from that source.
This filling device is applicable.to other forms of lamps than those hereinbefore
described, and in which side filling orifices are employed.
It will be understood that the arrangement and shape of the parts constituting.
the improved devices herein before described may be more or less modified. whilst
still preserving the characteristic features of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a lamp of the character herein before referred to a tube surrounding the
wick and descending from the neck of the reservoir near to the bottom thereof, and
there terminating in a wick chamber provided with ways communicating with
the oil reservoir substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated.
2. In a lamp of the character hereinbefore referred to a tube surrounding the
wick and descending from the neck of the reservoir with which it is hermetically
fixed near to the bottom of the reservoir, and there terminating in a wick chainber
formed by an inverted dish shaped or other partition provided with ways
communicating with the oil reservoir substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated.
3. In a lamp of the character hereinbefore referred to, a tube hermetically fixed
with the burner and surrounding the wick and descending near to the bottom of the
reservoir where it telescopically enters and tightly fits a bell mouthed or equivalent
socket surrounding an aperture in a partition forming a wick chamber communicating
by suitable ways with the oil reservoir substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose stated.
4. In a lamp of the character herein before referred to, a filler or stopper formed
like a box or cylinder at its top provided with an opening leading to a minute
chamber communicating through suitable ways with the oil reservoir substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
5. In a lamp reservoir of the character herein before referred to a filler or stopper
formed with a minute chamber through which air to supply the oil reservoir is
required to pass, and with differentially placed ways leading to and from such
chamber substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 21st day of October 1896.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.