matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REAPING AND MOWING CORN AND OTHER CROPS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William MºIntyre Cranston. at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd September 1862.
I, WILLIAM MCINTYRE CRANSTON, of 58, King William Street,. in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REAPING AND MOWING CORN AND OTHER CROPS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for reaping
and mowing corn and other crops. For these purposes in order that a crop
as it is cut by a machine may be raked back or off the table or platform of
the machine, endless chains or bands are applied to carry a rake or rakes..
In carrying out the Invention it is preferred to use two endless chains or
bands to a reaping or mowing machine, one on each side of the table or plat-
form on to which the crop as it is cut is received. The ends of the rake or
rakes are attached to the two endless bands or chains, to which continuous
motion is given from the working parts of the machine. The endless chains
or bands may be arranged in such manner as to carry bars or beaters, as
well as a rake or rakes, in which case the ordinary revolving beaters may
be dispensed with. Or endless chains or bands may be employed to carry a
rake or rakes to remove the crop from the machine, whilst an ordinary
beater may be used in combination with such endless chains or bands. It is
not essential that an endless chain or band should be applied on each side of

page_text: a machine, as the rake or rakes employed therewith may be held or attached
to endless bands or chains applied on one side only of a machine.
In order that the cutter bar of a reaping or mowing machine may be
stopped and started under more favorable circumstances, I apply a spring or
springs, by preference of vulcanized india-rubber, and stops, in such manner
that the cutter bar may be partially arrested by such stops and springs before
it comes to the end of its stroke. By this arrangement the springs will
become compressed at the end of the stroke of the cutter bar, and the springs
will, by their reaction, aid the crank or excentric in the turn of the stroke
of the cutter bar. I prefer to use two vulcanized india-rubber springs, and
to apply them to the cutter bar, and to use therewith four fixed stops, one on
either side of each spring, so that each spring may act alternately against
the two stops between which it works, but this arrangement may be varied.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR DRAINING FLOWER POTS AND OTHER ARTICLES OR THINGS WHICH REQUIRE DRAINING IN THE SAME OR A SIMILAR MANNER
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Law at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th April
1862.
I, GEORGE HENRY LAW, of 17, Rochester Road, Camden New Town,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS FOR DRAINING FLOWER POTS AND OTHER ARTICLES OR THINGS WHICH
REQUIRE DRAINING IN THE SAME OR A SIMILAR MANNER," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and adoption of a dome-shaped or of a
basin-like or hollow, conical, or conoidal, or pyramidal, or flat perforated piece
of zinc, galvanized iron, tin, or other metal, earthenware, glass, wood, gutta
percha, or other material, provided with openings at the edges or other points
thereof, which is to be placed over the hole at the bottom, or at other point of
the flower pot or other article to be drained.
AN IMPROVED FLEXIBLE SPRING CLOTH OR FABRIC, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LADIES' SKIRTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Washington Belding, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
June 1862.
'I, GEORGE WASHINGTON BELDING, of No. 7, King Street, Cheapside, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED FLEXIBLE SPRING CLOTH OR FABRIC, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF LADIES' SKIRTS," to be as follows:-
The said improvements relate to the employment of ebonite or other flexible
spring material composed of india-rubber and gutta percha or a material of
which these substances or either of them form a component. The article
known in commerce as ebonite is hardened india-rubber or a compound of
india-rubber and other ingredients, but for the purposes of my Invention the
exact character of the latter is not essential so long as the compound is suitably
flexible and elastic. In producing this cloth the ebonite is combined with the
ordinary materials of which cloth is composed, either in the process of weaving
or felting, or by attaching strands of ebonite to manufactured cloth by sewing.
In weaving said flexible spring cloth or fabric, the strands of ebonite may
be employed as warp, though it will be found more convenient to use the
strands at suitable intervals as filling. In making said cloth or fabric from
cloths or fabrics already manufactured by sewing, the strands of ebonite are
attached by means of narrow tape or braid, which when sewn at one edge will
admit of the strands of ebonite being put under, and then sewn at the other

page_text: edge, thus holding the strands fast and forming a fabric which may be
manufactured into articles of dress or used for other purposes in the same
manner as ordinary woven fabrics. This cloth or fabric possesses great
flexibility and elasticity, it is easily manufactured, and the skirts are much.
lighter, more comfortable, and otherwise greatly superior to those constructed
of the material or the combination of materials now used for the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FREEZING, COOLING, AND CHURNING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rupert Rains at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th April
1862. A communication from abroad by Georges Toselli, of No. 174,
Faubourg Saint Martin, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, RUPERT RAINS, of No. 4, Crescent, Bridge Street, Blackfriars, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FREEZING, COOLING, AND CHURNING," (a
communication to me from abroad by Georges Toselli, of No. 174, Faubourg
Saint Martin, Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
Hitherto apparatus of the above class have been constructed and arranged
so as to be worked vertically. This Invention consists in constructing and
arranging same so as to be worked horizontally, as follows:-To a suitable
framing I connect a cylindrical-shaped vessel by pivots affixed thereto; this
vessel I form with a double case or jacket intended to contain cold water.
One end of the aforesaid cylindrical-shaped vessel is formed closed and the
other end open, into which a cover is fitted. 'I also adapt an inner case or
cylindrical-shaped vessel inside of the first case aforesaid, and connect it
thereto at one end by a pivot, the other end being supported by a spindle, to
which a handle is affixed. I form this innermost vessel in two parts screwed
together, and employ said vessel to contain the liquid intended to be cooled or
frozen. To charge this apparatus, I proceed as follows:-I first remove the
lid thereof with the handle and innermost vessel connected thereto; I then

page_text: unscrew this said vessel, and fill same with the liquid to be cooled or frozen;
then screw the parts of the vessel together, and insert the same into the outer
case of the apparatus, turning same on end for that purpose; then proceed to
fill the space between the innermost and outermost vessels with freezing
mixture such as is commonly employed; then affix the lid and handle, and
turn the vessels into a horizontal position, and by an opening through the
outer case pour water into the freezing mixture, and by another opening fill
the outer case with cold water; then impart brisk rotatory motion to the
innermost vessel by means of the handle connected thereto, by which the
contents thereof will be speedily brought into contact with the surface of
the freezing mixture, and cooled or frozen, as desired; and it is this novel
and peculiar method of operating in an apparatus horizontally supported or
suspended which constitutes this Invention.
AN IMPROVED KIND OF SPINNING OR HUMMING Top
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Tolhausen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th March
1862. A communication from Jean Marie Charles Martin, Esqre.,
residing at No. 12, Rue Neuve des Martyrs, Paris.
I, FREDERICK TOLHAUSEN, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, of No. 17, Rue
du Faubourg Montmartre, Paris, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED KIND OF SPINNING OR HUMMING Top," being a
communication from Jean Marie Charles Martin, Esqre., a person resident at
No. 12, Rue Neuve des Martyrs, Paris, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in so colouring the outer surfaces of tops, or humming
tops, that when set spinning or quickly rotating, they shall exhibit a pleasing
combination of circular stripes of various colours, hues, and shades. I attain
this object by covering the flat, cylindrical, or other surfaces of tops with pieces of
coloured paper, pasteboard, glass, paint, or other chromatic substance arranged
in any symmetrical way so as to produce the desired effect. Thus, by using the
colours of the solar spectrum, I obtain, by rapid rotation a uniform white or
greyish tint, or by applying orange or yellow ovals running into points at both
radial ends on a black ground, I obtain a bright orange circle beautifully
shading off into dark black, and so forth, an infinite variety of combinations
being obtainable in the manner indicated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF PORTABLE HOUSES, WALLS, OR PARTITIONS OF BUILDINGS, STRONG Rooms, SAFES, REFRIGERATORS, RESERVOIRS, PIERS, AND OTHER STRUCTURES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF CASKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, BOATS, AND SHIPS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Winiwarter. at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th December
1862.
I, GEORGE WINIWARTER, of Gumpolds-Kirchen, in the Empire of Austria,
5 but now of No. 32, King Street, Cheapside, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF PORTABLE HOUSES, WALLS, OR PARTITIONS OF BUILDINGS, STRONG
Rooms, SAFES, REFRIGERATORS, RESERVOIRS, PIERS, AND OTHER STRUCTURES, ALSO
APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF CASKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES, BOATS, AND
SHIPS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing walls or surfaces of any description
or to be employed for any purpose, by placing metal tubes bound round with
straw or other similar material and steeped in clay, mortar, or cement, one on
top or by the side of the other between grooved posts, girders, or other supports,
in the grooves of which the ends of the tubes are confined, forming thus a
strong air-tight surface which is a bad conductor of heat, and which has the
advantage over ordinary wood, stone, or brick walls of being considerably
stronger than these whilst it has a much less bulk or thickness. This
improved method of construction may on account of its exceedingly por-
table nature, combined with great strength, be applied with great advantage
to portable houses, as also to the walls and partitions of stationary buildings
or structures of any description, and although I have stated that the metallic
tubes are to be bound round with straw and steeped in clay, mortar, or cement

page_text: for the purpose of rendering them bad conductors of heat, yet I do not limit
myself to this combination, as in some structures where this property is not
requisite the tubes may be placed close tegether on top or by the side of each
other without such covering, and the interstices may or may not be rendered
air or water-tight by means of any suitable packing or cement, or the tubes
may be surrounded with straw or other suitable material and after they
are in place they may be plastered in the ordinary manner. This principle of
construction may also be applied to hollow vessels of any description such as
tanks, casks, boats, or even ships, the ribs of the same being grooved to receive
the ends of the tubes, which will be bent to the required curvature, and tied
down or secured by means of suitable straps or bolts. The tubes may be of
any desired sectional form, and in some cases instead of employing tubes I
use trough-shaped lengths of metal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES FROM DECAY
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th December 1862.-A communication from abroad by Leonard
Laureau, of Rue St. Sebastien, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES FROM
DECAY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements upon an Invention for which
Letters Patent were granted to me bearing date the 17th October 1859,
(No. 2867), and which was partly communicated to me by the Inventor of
the present improvements, which consists in treating fresh skins with the
heavy oil of tar or other suitable bydrocarbon. This preserving substance may
be applied either by anointing the flesh side of the fresh skin therewith or by
dipping or steeping the skins in a vessel containing water to which from 2 to
5 per cent. of the heavy oil has been added. These proportions may be varied
according to the nature and strength of the hydrocarbon employed and the
length of time to which the skins are subjected to its influence.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EPFERVESCING LIQUIDS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Henry Cradock Monckton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th March 1862.
I, EDWARD HENRY CRADOCK MONCKTON, of 5, Thurloe Place, South
Kensington, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
EPFERVESCING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of effervescing or gaseous
liquids, more particularly of effervescing drinks, by combining therewith
spirits, brandy, wines, liqueurs, or other flavourings, the object being to obtain
an effervescing drink flavored with any of the above class of ingredients in a
combined manufactured state, bottled ready for use, by which means an
effervescing liquid or drink may be immediately obtained flavored in any
desired manner in a compact and portable form. I propose to supply the
bottle, gazogene, or other vessel which is to contain the effervescing liquid
previous to the filling process with the desired flavouring ingredient, the
bottle or vessel is then to be filled and corked by the ordinary process, and
kept for use.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF REVIVIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Jones Denton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th December
1862.
I, CHARLES JONES DENTON, of New Broad Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF REVIVIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to effect the drying of animal charcoal in the
filters in which it has been used, or in the cisterns in which it has previously
been revivified by what is known as the wet process. This I propose to effect
by introducing into the filters or cisterns (as the case may be) suitable heating
apparatus, such as steam or hot air pipes or flues, or by throwing blasts of hot
or cold air into the filter or cistern, and causing it to circulate therein, and
thus carry off the moisture from the charcoal.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Turner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
June 1862.
I, WILLIAM HENRY TURNER, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the carding engine, and consists in placing under
the licker-in cylinder a number of grate bars of varied angular shapes. The
tops of the bars are formed so that when in their places they appear like the
teeth of a circular saw, inverted, but having spaces between them which
gradually widen towards the bottom. At varied intervals the bars are formed
of different angles. The front surface of the first bar is placed at an angle
much more acute than if it radiated to the centre of the licker-in cylinder, in
order to give effectual resistance to the dirt and refuse contained in the cotton,
and the front sides of the other bars are placed at such varied angles as to
afford a similar resistance, by which means the dirt is precipitated below, while
the cotton passes forward in a clean state to the main cylinder.
Boiler Manu- facturer.
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th July 1862.-A.communication from abroad by François Escapat,
of No. 15, Passage des Petites Ecuries, Paris, France, Boiler Manu-
facturer.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of
No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
PORTABLE OR STATIONARY STEAM LIFT AND FORCE PUMP," (a communication
to me from abroad by François Escapat, of No. 15, Passage des Petites
Ecuries, Paris, France, Boiler Manufacturer,) to be as follows:-
This improved pump may be used to raise a large body of water either for
drainage or irrigation, as a fire engine (by fitting injecting pipes on to each
cylinder or pump barrel), and for many other purposes. It is available
wherever steam power is at hand by fitting a connecting pipe to the
generator. One workman to feed the fire and the boiler is all the manual
labour required, the valves and cocks opening and shutting by means of a
float with greater regularity and precision than could be done by the most
skilful mechanic.
The construction of this pump will be best understood by reference to the
annexed Drawing, in which A indicates a steam boiler, which may be of any
form or size; B, B, cylinders or pump barrels; C, water recipient for con-
densation of steam in the cylinders; D, steam pipe leading to the double

page_text: upon
cock G; E, E, steam pipe from the same cock G; F, F, injection pipes fed
by the recipient C; G, double cock with four ways moved by one key H,
ring-shaped; I, ball opening and shutting the key of the double cock; I', rod
or support of the ball, receiving motion from the pressure of the float T
the small float Y; J, steel spring stretched outwards, which gives a jerk to the
ball I at the moment when drawn by the rod U it loses its equilibrium;
K, iron square or rectangular triangle drawn or pushed by the rod U;
L, L, conduit pipe of the water sucked or raised into the cylinders or pump
barrels; M, valve-holder opening alternately when the water sucked up falls
into the cylinders; N, suction pipe; 0, 0, outlet elbows and valves; P, small
basin, in which is a small feed pump Q. set in motion by a small screw wheel
placed in the suction pipe N; Q, small feed pump leading into the
recipient C; R, R, wooden or stone pillars supporting the barrel of the pump;
S, compression tube; T, T, pistons or floats; U, U, iron rods set in motion
by the floats abandoned to their own weight after the escape of the water in
the cylinders; V, V, caoutchouc tubes permitting the come-and-go motion of
the rod U without admitting the atmospheric air; X, X, assay cocks; Y, Y,
float or hollow ball moving the rod U; Z, clack valve of the compression
tube S. By placing a small lever or a press screw on the outlet valve this
pump becomes a force pump.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Waygood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd September
1862.
I, RICHARD WAYGOOD, of Newington, in the County of Surrey, Engineer,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing boilers in which vertical tubes,. by
preference tapering towards their upper ends, lead the products of combustion
directly upon the bottom of a water space extending nearly across the boiler.
The products of combustion are caused to ascend over the upper part of the
water space, and in doing so impinge against tubular water spaces. The
products of combustion from each side of the transverse water space meet, and,
if required, are made to pass upwards through other vertical tubes, impinge
against the bottom of another transverse water space, and so on, as before,
according to the height of the boiler.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN BUCKLE FASTENINGS FOR BRACES AND BELTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Edmund Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th August 1862.
I, CHARLES EDMUND WILSON, of Monkwell Street, in the City of London,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN BUCKLE FASTENINGS FOR BRACES AND BELTS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in forming a box or hollow case on the bottom of
the flap of the buckle to receive a spring catch formed in a piece with or
fixed to a plate, to which the brace ends in the case of braces, or one end of
the belt in the case of belts, are or is attached. Instead of unbuttoning the
tabs on the brace ends, as at present, the brace is released by withdrawing
the spring catch from the case on the buckle flap. The brace is attached by
simply inserting and engaging the catch in the case.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STRAPS OR BELTS FOR MACHINERY
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Hollins at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd November
1862.
I, GEORGE HOLLINS, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Currier and Strap Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STRAPS OR BELTS
FOR MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to double leather straps or belts for turning pulleys
employed in machinery, and consists in an improved mode of joining the single
straps together. Instead of stitching them the entire length, I stitch them at
the joints only, and secure the intervening spaces by rivets, thereby rendering
the double strap more pliable than those at present in use, and effecting a great
economy of labour.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPH POSTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th March
1862.
I, RICHARD SMITH, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPH POSTS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improved modes of forming and combining a
number of short lengths to form each telegraph post. The top length is
of wood, and the bottom length entered into the ground is tubular and
usually of cast iron, whilst the intermediate lengths are tubular and usually
of thin malleable iron. The separate lengths are made slightly tapering,
and so that the top of one may fit inside of the next above it like a
spigot and faucet. The lowest malleable iron length is fixed upon the cast-
iron bottom length by means of pinching screws, which are entered through
an external ring. The spigot or small end of each malleable iron' length is by
this Invention formed with an indentation or corrugation running round it
to give it sufficient strength to sustain the portion of the post above it; or for
the same purpose the extreme end of the spigot may be flanged inwards;
or again, both corrugation and flange may be combined, or there may be two
or more corrugations.
According to another modification the requisite strength at the joint is
obtained by inserting one or more discs, either plain or flanged, and such discs

page_text: may be introduced at various parts of the tubular lengths to give increased
strength to the post.
According to a further modification the tubular lengths are butt-jointed, an
external short tube or ring being applied to connect the two parts together,
whilst a solid plug of wood or other material is fitted tightly inside to prevent
crushing or collapsing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLERS AND PADDLE FLOATS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE RAISING AND FORCING OF WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Irwin Mahon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th October
1862.
I, ARTHUR IRWIN MAHON, of No. 25, Leinster Square, Rathmines, in the
County of Dublin, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention.
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLERS AND PADDLE FLOATS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
RAISING AND FORCING OF WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to various forms of screws and screw blades, and their
combination and arrangement, so that the vacuum caused by the ordinary
working and their different currents may be taken advantage of, and so that
the centres of all screws may be made to work effectively, and get rid of
centrifugal force and lateral loss.
According to one arrangement any number of small planes are used of a
circular, eliptical, or other form, placed along radial arms at angles on the
screw principle, but bent at the edges, so as to direct the water and retain a
sufficient hold of it, but not to retain it as in Griffiths' screw.
A second arrangement consists of a cylindrical screw constructed as
follows, on the band forming the hollow cylinder :-The pitch lines of the screw
are traced, and a portion of the band along the screw line is cut, so that it can
be turned in, thus when the band is brought round into the cylindrical form,
there are a series of spiral or screw openings on the cylinder, and of screw
threads or spirals turned in inside the cylinder; the openings thus made run

page_text: along the top or back of the blade, and the cylinder represents a series of
parallel screw or spiral openings on its circumference; any number of these
cylinders may be encased one within another on the same axis. This form
may be used as a pump, turbine, or water wheel.
In a third arrangement the whole or part of the face of the common or
other form of screw is perforated with holes or open spaces, the same being
applicable to paddle floats.
A fourth arrangement consists in placing a series of blades along the front
or front and back of the common or other screw blade, so that different angles
formed and producing different currents tend to the same object, and the centre
of the screw is thus made to work effectively.
It is also proposed to form a screw propeller from the section of a cone and
a spiral or a curve produced, whether hyperbolic or otherwise, and its sectional
plane, such a screw combining the three properties of increasing and diminish-
ing pitch, different radial length throughout, and that the conic section and
curve or plane and cone forming the blade will each act together in forming
the screw.
The vacuum caused by the ordinary working blade will be overcome in all
the above cases by the manner of formation above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE FLOW AND PRESSURE OF STEAM AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Parkinson and John Marsland
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
1st July 1862.
We, JOHN PARKINSON, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
JOHN MARSLAND, of Newchurch, in the same County, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR REGULATING THE FLOW AND PRESSURE OF STEAM AND OTHER FLUIDS," to be
as follows:-
Our improved apparatus is particularly applicable as a reducing valve, that
is to say, as a valve for reducing the pressure of steam from that in the boiler
or other receptacle to the pressure required for heating or other purposes.
Our improved apparatus consists of a hollow piston or plunger open below,
which fits in a cylinder, corresponding holes being made in both; the cylinder
is secured in a box or casing furnished with inlet and outlet pipes or passages.
A spindle from the hollow piston or plunger passes through the cylinder und
casing, and it is weighted according to the difference in the pressure between
the incoming and outgoing steam or other liquid. When our improved
apparatus is used as a throttle valve the spindle of the piston or plunger is
connected to the governor, so that when the governor balls expand or collapse
the piston or plunger is raised or lowered in the cylinder, thereby contracting
or expanding the passage for the steam through the holes in the piston or

page_text: plunger and the cylinder; in this case the piston or plunger, instead of being
closed above is left open, and the spindle is connected to a cross bar, and
passes through a stuffing box in the casing.
The apparatus above described may be used for regulating the flow and
pressure of steam or for other fluids, and we do not intend to limit ourselves
to the details given nor to its application to the purposes above referred to.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO MECHANISM OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Luke Stott, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th July
1862.
I, FREDERICK LUKE STOTT, of Rochdale, in tho County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO MECHANISM OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING YARNS OR
THREADS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that class of warping machinery known as " warp-
ing mills," where "hecks" are employed, through the "eyes" of which the
threads pass, being afterwards collected together in divisions termed "beers
or "half beers," and to mechanism or arrangements for acting upon these
divisions of threads when taking the "lease;" the object of my Invention being
to prevent the "twisting" of the "beers" or "half beers" when passing on to
the "mill;" and my Invention consists in modifying the "forks" which act upon
the divisions of the threads when taking the lease, so that such forks will
arrange the threads passing through or between their "prongs," and cause the
threads to be laid upon the mill "tapewise," which I accomplish by con-
structing the "forks" with an inclined surface formed upon or applied to them
at the bottom and between the two prongs of each "fork," so that the threads
passing between the prongs of the "forks" will come against the said inclined
surfaces, and by this means will be placed parallel side by side, and thus the
plane in which the threads are arranged will be changed from the horizontal to
the vertical position, and in this position pass on to the mill.
AN IMPROVED TRUSS FOR HERNIA, PROLAPSUS UTERI, AND PROLAPSUS ANI
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Colwell, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th February
1862.
I, HENRY COLWELL, of No. 14, Davies Street, in the Parish of Saint George,
Hanover Square, in the County of Middlesex, Truss Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED TRUSS FOR HERNIA,
PROLAPSUS UTERI, AND PROLAPSUS ANI," to be as follows:-
Without the use of steel or other metallic spring, waterproof in all its parts,
and capable of continuous wear without removal in bed or the bath. With
inflated pad and internal cone for the purpose of effecting a permanent cure
upon known scientific principles.
A NEW ARTICLE OF APPAREL TO BE WORN INSTEAD OF OR IN ADDITION TO A SHIRT FRONT AND WAISTCOAT
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Gillum Haig at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th October
1862.
I, WILLIAM GILLUM HAIG, of Canonbury Park North, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW ARTICLE OF APPAREL TO BE WORN INSTEAD OF OR IN ADDITION TO A
SHIRT FRONT AND WAISTCOAT," to be as follows :—
This new article consists of a strip of white or colored fabric or paper or
paper cloth, formed with side pieces of similar or other suitable material
to simulate the roll collar of a waistcoat. It is intended to be attached to the
neck of the wearer. Articles of this description are designed to be worn over
a flannel or other shirt, presenting, when the ordinary waistcoat is buttoned,
the appearance of a shirt front and inner waistcoat. Where the coat buttons
close, the waistcoat usually worn may be dispensed with. Sometimes I combine
with the new article a shirt collar.
The accompanying Drawing is a view showing how this new article of
apparel may be made. a, a, are the parts intended to resemble the roll collar
of a waistcoat, and b is the part representing a portion of a shirt front. The
article may be secured to the neck by a button hole c. d is a hole for a stud;
or a button may be applied instead.

page_text: No text detected.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PLATING FOR SHIPS' BATTERIES, AND OTHER STRUCTURES USED FOR WAR OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the Honorable William Edward
Fitz Maurice, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 8th April 1862.
I, The Honorable WILLIAM EDWARD FITZ MAURICE, of 12, Hyde Park
Gate, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PLATING FOR SHIPS' BATTERIES,
AND OTHER STRUCTURES USED FOR WAR OR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in plating ships' batteries and other structures in
such a way that water is introduced and confined between two plates, thus
forming a part of the resisting material against shot, shells, or any other pro-
jectile force in contradistinction to using solid plates of iron, steel, or other
materials. For this purpose I use cases of iron, steel, or other material
filled with water, and so contrived as to be capable of being, by any convenient
arrangement, emptied or refilled at pleasure.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHIMNEYS AND CHIMNEY POTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Saul Hendy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
March 1862.
I, JAMES SAUL HENDY, of Essex Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Butler to the Honorable Society of the Inner Temple, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
CHIMNEYS AND CHIMNEY POTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction of chimneys or pots of clay,
metal, or other materials suitable for chimney pots, in such a manner as to
intercept the downward current of air by the use of internal inclined plates or
divisions in connexion with side openings in the chimney shaft or pots for the
introduction of air deflected upwards in such manner as to assist the inner
upward in repelling the downward current of external air, so that by means
thereof the inner upward current may be maintained or assisted and the down-
ward current may be checked or effectually counteracted. This is effected by
introducing into the chimney shaft, or chimney pot openings on two opposite
sides thereof at the foot or junction of one inclined plate or surface across the
chimney or chimney pot for turning or deflecting the current of external air
entering through the said openings upwards.
A PRODUCTION DERIVED FROM MADDERS CALLED PURPURINE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jules Pernod at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th December
1862.
I, JULES PERNOD, of Avignon, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A PRODUCTION DERIVED FROM MADDERS
CALLED PURPURINE," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an extract of madder called purpurine, which I
obtain in the following manner :-The madder is dissolved in water so as to
form a fluid paste; it is then washed in water, and sulphuric or chlorydric acid
added, and then it is put to ebullition. After the mixture of madder, water,
and acid has been maintained at the temperature of about one hundred
degrees centigrade (equal to about 212 degrees Fahrenheit) during two or
three hours, it is put into a filter to undergo a complete washing, which
operation is finished when the water presents a reddish color something like
wine. The strained matter is then dissolved in a sufficient quantity of water
to form a fluid paste; it is then placed in an open vessel, and exposed to a
temperature never to exceed 100 degrees centigrade.
After maintaining the ebullition from two to five hours, according to the
nature of the madder employed, it is then left to cool, filtered, and strained
completely; the produce is then dried and reduced to a powder, and in that
state delivered to the trade.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
February 1862. A communication from abroad by James Woodbury
and Solomon Gray, both of Boston, County of Suffolk and State of
- Massachusetts, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention of "Improvements in Projectiles" is to impart
a rotating motion to the projectile without involving the necessity of grooving
the barrel of the gun or other weapon used.
The destructive effect of projectiles upon rifled guns is well known, as their
barrels soon become very much injured or entirely destroyed by the great
friction occasioned by the passage of the balls along their spiral grooves. The
desired result is effected by inserting within the outer periphery of the pro-
jectile antifriction rollers or wheels placed at an angle to the line of motion of
These diagonal wheels by bearing against the inner surface of the
barrel, will cause the projectile to rotate on its axis in the same manner as the
grooves of rifled ordnance act upon their projectiles. At the rear end of the pro-
jectile, and behind the antifriction rollers, a packing is adapted to the projectile,
and being fitted on a conical seat, this packing will expand and fill the bore of
the
gun when the explosive force of the powder acts on it behind. By this
means windage is prevented.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HANDLES FOR UMBRELLA, PARASOL, OR OTHER LIKE STICKS FROM SOFT CANES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Mishores at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd November
1862.
I, MICHAEL MISHORES, of Newcastle Street, Whitechapel, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HANDLES FOR UMBRELLA, PARASOL, OR OTHER
LIKE STICKS FROM SOFT CANES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in introducing a piece of wire through the centre of
the cane longitudinally, and then bending it half round, or other suitable shape
at one end to serve for the handle. A little of the extremities of the wire
protrudes at each end of the cane, and have a screw thread cut on them, one
to screw into the stick of the umbrella or parasol, and the other to screw on
an ornament to finish the end of the cane.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LADIES' DRESSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Brook at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th March
1862.
I, ISAAC BROOK, of 62, Basinghall Street, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the naturo of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LADIES' DRESSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the constructing or making of ladies' dresses so that
one dress may be so arranged as to serve as two of different styles or fashions
by means of certain simple arrangements provided therein.
My Invention consists in having a double skirt to the dress, which is
fastened to the waist by hooks and eyes or other suitable fastening, so that it
can easily be taken off, without disarranging the under skirt, which is made
and trimmed in any suitable manner.
These two skirts are made of different styles, so that by simply taking
off or putting on the double skirt, the style of the skirt is changed.
In the same manner the sleeves and bodice can be varied by having move-
able trimmings and parts of sleeves, and other like articles, the whole character
of a dress may thus be changed at will.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TARGETS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Porter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd July
1862.
I, WILLIAM PORTER, of Fleetwood, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF TARGETS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture or con-
struction of targets with two faces, for gun, pistol, or rifle practice, whereby
the "bull's-eye" in one face of the target is set 'or brought into position when
the other is struck; my improvements being particularly applicable to miniature
targets suitable for indoor snap cap practice and aiming drill, the miniature
target when placed at certain distances representing in appearance the full
size or regulation target as it appears. in reality at long distances from the
person aiming thereat. The front of the target is formed with two openings
therein, one of which only is furnished with an aiming surface and bull's-eye
for the time being. The aiming surface or bull's eye of each opening in the
target is represented upon the two angular sides of a plate or surface bent so
as to form a right angle, or nearly so, which is mounted upon a pin or axis
(by preference, inclined,) at the back of the target, so that when one of the
angular sides of the bent plate is placed over one of the openings in the target
to cover (or form) the bull's-eye the other is out of view, and a simple opening

page_text: is left in the front of the target, but when the one in view is struck (or acted
upon by the explosion of a cap in indoor practice) it causes the bent plate to
move on its axis so as to change the position of the bent plate, and thus
bring the bull's eye on the other face of the target into position, leaving the
other opening uncovered, by which arrangement all trouble in resetting the
face of the target is avoided, the action on the one face when struck in
the bull's-eye being the means of setting the other bull's-eye in the other face
into position to be fired at.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CUPOLAS,' AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR NAVAL OR OTHER WAR PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Christian Burmeister and
William Wain at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 24th October 1862.
We, CARL CHRISTIAN BURMEISTER, Engineer, and WILLIAM WAIN, Engineer,
both of Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CUPOLAS,'
AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR NAVAL OR OTHER WAR PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
"cupolas" for protecting guns and gunners when in action, and in the
arrangement of apparatus connected therewith for naval and other war
purposes.
The shield or exposed parts of "cupolas" for protecting guns and gunners,
we prefer to construct entirely of metal (by preference iron or steel) in one or
more layers or thicknesses, and of hemispherical form. The shield has a series
of "ports" formed around it suitable for the muzzle of the gun to pass through,
each port being furnished with doors or slides to close or open the same when
required, and other port holes may, if desired, be formed in the shield, suitable
for hand rifle firing. The crown of the "shield" is covered by a perforated
metal plate to afford protection and ventilation, and rotary movement is com-
municated to the "shield" by suitable mechanism (actuated by hand, steam,
or other motive power) as shewn in the accompanying Drawings, the whole

page_text: being mounted so as to rotate around a central hollow axis. An inverted
hollow ring is fixed on the outer circumference of the "cupola" or "shield"
near its base, which overlaps the vertical rim of another ring fixed on the
deck or floor of the battery, in order to prevent the introduction of gunpowder
or other explosive or destructive matters.
The gun or its platform may be arranged to rotate on a central pin or axis
within the shield independently thereof if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINES FOR FORGING METALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ryder at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th April
1862.
I, WILLIAM RYDER, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster, Roller
and Spindle Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINES FOR FORGING METALS," to be
as follows:-
The nature of this Invention consists in so constructing the various portions
of the forging machines for which Letters Patent were granted to me on the
Eighth February One thousand eight hundred and forty-one, and Numbered
8,835, or other machines of a similar description, that the parts may be more
economically constructed and more easily put together and adjusted than in
the machines of the usual construction.
In performing my Invention I make the sockets in which the blocks work
round instead of square or polygonal, as heretofore customary.
I also make the bushes or bearings in which the eccentric shaft revolves of
a conical form, and apply a screw nut to each end of these bushes; by
slackening one of these nuts and tightening the other, each bush can be
adjusted independently of the others, thus dispensing with the usual caps
and bolts.
The last part of my 'Invention consists in making the lower part of the piece
which communicates the motion from the eccentric to the block of a partially
spherical form instead of partly cylindrical, as heretofore customary.