Improvements in Gas Burners.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 20th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1801
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Burners.
I ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firmn of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53 Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, (a communication to me from
abroad by Athanase Pierre Frechette, Machinist, and Domina Circe, Hotel Keeper,
both of Carson City, in the County of Ormsby and State of Nevada, United States
of America) to be as follows :—
The object of the invention is to provide a gas burner with means for effecting the
automatic closure of a valve which cuts off the supply of gas to the tip of the burner
should the flame be accidentally extinguished whilst the pressure of gas continues in
the body of the burner.
The body of the burner is hemispherical in form and has at the underside a socket
for the plug of the cock for controlling the supply of gas to the burner, the socket
being reamed to taper from its lower end to receive the plug of corresponding form
and ground to a gas-tight fit. The plug has at its lower end a T-head for turning it
by, and an axial bore extends from its upper end to a lateral orifice axially coincident,
when the plug is open with the bore of a lateral screwed pipe-socket. The bore of
the plug opens into the body of the burner and said plug is retained in place by a set
nut screwing on the threaded end of the plug and a washer which bears upon a
shoulder on the ping and is also seated on the true surface of an annular flat rib on
the interior of the sugaround the plug of the cock. The top of the shell is a cap
screwed into the shell until its head bears upon the edge of the shell with a gas tight
joint. The wall of the cap projects a short distance above the bead and terminates
in a flat top which is cupped or depressed concentrically and has a central aperture
surrounded by an upwardly projecting flange to receive the burner tip and a down-
wardly projecting flange terminating at the lower end in a truly faced seat for a disc
valve attached to a lever pivoted between ears formed on an arm projecting from the
valve seat, said lever being so pivoted that when in a horizontal position the valve
will bear flat and gas-tight upon its seat. The lever has a short arm or tail piece at
a right angle to it, which projects downward sufficiently to be acted on by a foe
carried by the washer when the latter is rotated with the plug of the cock for the
purpose of turning on the supply whereby the valve will be opened. A spring is
affixed to the arm and bears on the tail arm of the valve lever and tends to close the
valve upon
its seat when the lever arm is freed from the toe of the washer. To the
free end of the valve lever is attached one end of a straight spring of thin steel or.
hard brass, said spring forming a laterally-elastic prolongation of said lever and a
post projects downward from the cap of the burner body in such position that the
spring prolongation of the valve lever will align with the centre of the post and abut
edgewise against the lower end thereof when the valve lever is drawn down so as to
open the valve by the revolution of the plug of the gas cock in order to turn on the
gas supply and the consequent engagement of the toe of the washer with the arm of
the valve lever. In the annular chamber formed within the cap of the burner body
are seated two rings, the inner and heavier ring being formed of brass and the outer
enveloping ring of steel or iron. Said rings are severed and are of such diameter
relatively to that of the annular chamber in which they are contained and to the
outer wall of which they are fastened by a screw, that the screw holds them closely,
together. Two dowel pins are inserted laterally in the rings near their severed ends
on each side of the cuts so as to bind them together, consequently when the rings
are heated by conduction and radiation they will by differential expansion separate at
their ends so that the upwardly projecting pins located on the outer opposing ends of

page_text: the rings and which are in line radially when the rings are cold will be moved out of
line, the pin moving away from the opposing end of the ring. Upon these pins as
fulera is fitted one end of a flat bar curved edgewise and held against the underside
of the ring so as to work freely by a spring finger attached to the ring and bearing
lightly up against the bar. To the free end of the curved bar a curved pawl is
pivoted and is free to vibrate vertically, the pawl having ratchet teeth cut in its lower
edge which rests on and engages with the top edge of the spring extension of the
valve lever over which the teeth will slide freely when the rings are being unequally
lengthened by heat. When the burner and the rings become hot the consequent
expansion of the rings will cause the free end of the curved bar to swing toward the
side of the cap which movement will draw the ratchet cut pawl in like manner over
the edge of the spring, the pawl being held in engagement with said spring by a
weight or ball attached to its free end.
By rotating the plug of the gas cock to turn on the gas supply the end of the
spring extension of the valve lever will be caused to abut against the free lower end
of the post, as above mentioned, and it will so remain until the plug is again turned
to extinguish gas or until the flame at the burner tip is accidentally extinguished
while the plug is still open. As the shell and rings therein become heated, the
ratchet pawl is caused to move freely over the spring without dislodging it from the
post but when the flame is extinguished and the shell and rings cool the motion of
the ratchet toothed pawl is reversed and the spring is pushed from its position on the
post, the tail spring of the valve lever being then free to act and to close the valve
and prevent escape of gas at the burner tip. The gas may be again supplied to the
burner tip for relighting by a revolution of the plug which movement will cause
the valve to open. Owing to the extent of heating surface of the shell and the
contiguity of the flane thereto, the gas within the shell will be heated considerably
and in consequence will expand so that more perfect combustion will result in the
use of this burner than can be effected in a gas burner of ordinary form.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1800
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Burners.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me from
abroad by Athanase Pierre Frechette, Machinist, and Domina Circe, Hotel Keeper,
both of Carson City, in the County of Ormsby, and State of Nevada, United
States of America) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
The object of the invention is to provide a gas burner with means for effecting the
automatic closure of a valve which cuts off the supply of gas to the tip of the burner,
should the flame be accidentally extinguished, whilst the pressure of gas continues in
the body of the burner. To this end, the invention consists in the novel
construction arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described and
claimed.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, in which
Figure 1 is an axial sectional elevation of the burner, shewing the parts adjusted
to shut off gas from the burner.
• Figure 2 is an axial longitudinal section of the burner, shewing the parts adjusted
to supply gas to the burner.
Figure 3 is an inverted sectional plan view of the burner, on line 3-3 Figure 1,
shewing the valve as closed.

page_text: Figure 4 is a plan view of a compound thermostatic ring used in the burner;
and
Figure 5 is a side elevation of a detail of the burner, hereinafter particularly
described.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.
The body or shell A of the burner is substantially hemispherical in form and has
at the underside a socket B for the plug of the cock for controlling the supply of
gas to the burner, the socket being reamed to taper from its lower end to receive the
plug of corresponding form and ground to a gas-tight fit. The plug b has at its
lower end a T-head, for turning it by, and an axial bore c extends from its upper end
to a lateral orifice e axially coincident when the plug is open with the bore of a lateral
screwed pipe socket a. The bore of the plug b opens into the body of the burner and
said plug is retained in place by a set nut d' screwing on the threaded end d³ of the
plug and a washer d which bears upon a shoulder on the plug and is also seated on
the true surface of an annular flat rib on the interior of the shell A around the plug
of the cock. The top of the shell is a cap A¹ screwed into the shell until its bead e
bears upon the edge of the shell with a gas-tight joint. The wall of the cap A¹
projects a short distance above the bead e and terminates in a flat top which is cupped
or depressed concentrically, as at f, and has a central aperture surrounded by an
upwardly-projecting flange g to receive the burner tip h and a downwardly-projecting
flange terminating at the lower end in a truly faced seat g² for a disc valve i
attached to a lever pivoted between cars k¹ formed on an arm k2 projecting from the
valve seat, said lever being so pivoted that when in a hoizontal position the valve
will bear Hat and gas-tight upon its seat. The lever k has a short arm or tail pioce m
at a right angle to it which projects downward sufficiently to be acted on by a toc m¹³
carried by the washer d, when the latter is rotated with the plug of the cock for
the purpose of turning on the supply whereby the valve will be opened. A spring m³
is affixed to the arm and bears on the tail arm m of the valve lever and tends to
close the valve i upon its seat when the lever arm m is freed from the toe m³ of the
washer. To the free end of the valve lever k is attached one end of a straight
springs of thin steel or hard brass, said spring forming a laterally-elastic prolongation
of said lever, and a post t projects downward from the cap of the burner body in
such position that the spring prolongation of the valve lever k will align with the
centre of the post t and abut edgewise against the lower end thereof when the valve
lever is drawn down so as to open the valve by the revolution of the plug b of the
gas cock, in order to turn on the gas supply, and the consequent engagement of the
toe m of the washer with the arm m of the valve lever k.
screw 0,
In the annular chamber formed within the cap A' of the burner body are seated
two rings nn, the inner and heavier ring being formed of brass and the outer or
enveloping ring of steel or iron. Said rings are severed, as shewn at n² n³ in
Figure 4, and are of such diameter relatively to that of the annular chamber in
which they are contained and to the outer wall of which they are fastened by a
that the screw holds them closely together. Two dowel pins o' o³ are inserted
laterally in the rings, near their severed ends, on each side of the cuts n² n³, so as
to bind them together; consequently when the rings are heated by conduction and
radiation they will by differential expansion separate at their ends so that the upwardly-
projecting pins p p located on the outer opposing ends of the rings and which are in
line radially when the rings are cold, will be moved out of line the pin p moving
away from the opposing end of the ring n'. Upon these pins as fulcra is fitted one
end of a flat bar curved edgewise and held against the underside of the ring n' so
as to work freely by a spring finger s attached to the ring and bearing lightly up
against the bar. To the free end of the curved bar a curved pawl is pivoted and
is free to vibrate vertically (Figure 5) the pawl having ratchet teeth cut in its lower
edge which rests on, and engages with, the top edge of the spring extension &¹ of
the valve lever & over which the teeth will slide freely when the rings n n' are being
unequally lengthened by heat. When the burner and the rings become hot, the
consequent expansion of the rings will cause the free end of the curved bar r to swing

page_text: toward the side of the cap A which movement will draw the ratchet-cut pawl in
like manner over the edge of the spring the pawl being held in engagement
with said spring by a weight or ball attached to its free end.
By rotating the plug of the gas cock, to turn on the gas supply, the end of the
spring extensions of the valve lever will be caused to abut against the free lower
end of the post t as above mentioned (Figure 2) and it will so remain until the
plug is again turned to extinguish gas or until the flame at the burner tip is
accidentally extinguished while the plug is still open. As the shell and rings therein
become heated the ratchet pawl is caused to move freely over the spring without
dislodging it from the post but when the flame is extinguished and the shell and
rings cool, the motion of the ratchet-toothed pawl 1 is reversed and the spring s is
pushed from its position on the post the tail spring m³ of the valve lever being then
free to act and to close the valve and prevent escape of gas at the burner tip. The
gas may be again supplied to the burner tip for relighting by a revolution of the
plug which movement will cause the valve to open.
Owing to the extent of heating surface of the shell A and the contiguity of the
flame thereto, the gas within the shell will be beated considerably and in consequence
will expand so that more perfect combustion will result in the use of this burner
than can be effected in a gas burner of ordinary form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A gas-burner having the gas-inlet to its tip controlled by an automatically-operating
valve, substantially as shewn and described.
2. A gas-burner, having the gas-inlet. to its tip controlled by a valve automatically
closed when the flame at the tip is extinguished, substantially as shewn and
described.
3. A gas-burner, having the gas-inlet to its tip controlled by a valve automatically
closed by a thermostat when the flame at the tip is extinguished and the shell of the
burner cools, substantially as shewn and described:
4. A safety gas-burner, consisting of a gas-holding shell having a cap, a burner
tip in the cap, a valve controlling the inlet to the tip from the shell, a thermostat
adapted to automatically close the valve, and a plug valve controlling inlet of gas to
the shell, substantially, as shewn and described.
5. In a safety gas-burner, the combination, with a gas-holding shell having a cap,
a depending plug valve and a socket in the shell, for connection of a gas-supply pipe,
and a burner tip in. the cap of the burner, of a disc valve controlling the inlet to the
tip from the shell and a thermostat in the shell adapted normally to hold the disc valve
open and to close said valve when the flame at the tip. is extinguished, substantially
as shewn and described.
6. In a safety gas-burner, the combination, with a gas-holding shell having a
burner tip in its cap, a plug valve in the shell having a lateral toe, a spring-actuated
angle lever one, arm of which extends in the path of said too and carries a valve
controlling the inlet to the burner tip, a spring extension, on the other end of said
lever and a post against which said spring extension bears; of split concentric
thermostatic rings held in the cap of the burner, a curved bar detachably pivoted to
the ends of said rings and a ratchet bar pivoted to one end of said curved bar and
engaging the spring extension of the angle lever, substantially as shewn and described
for the purpose set forth.
I
4
By A. M. & Win: Clark,
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
1
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
*