IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert and Company, Patent
Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS, a
communication to me from abroad by Carl Otto Dost of Ravensburg in the kingdom
of Würtemberg, Mechanical Engineer, to be as follows:-
In describing this invention reference will be made to the accompanying
drawings, of which Fig. I is an end view and partial section and Fig II a half
section and half elevation of a roller mill, while Fig III shows a detail.
The principal part of this invention relates to the bearings of the rollers. The
upper parts a of the bearings are loosely fitted into the lower parts b of the
bearing and are held in open brackets and supporting levers by means of" screws c.
This arrangement has for its object to secure an automatic adjustment of the
bearings to the journals for all positions of rollers; any strong pressure of the
rollers W is taken up by the segmental adjusting surfaces c³ (which may be
concentric to the vertical adjusting screws or to the centre line of the bearing).
The screws c with washers also serve to mount the rollers in an accurately
horizontal position, if the position of the rollers is unequal a washer of corresponding
thickness may be transferred from the lower screw to the upper screw or vice versa.
The bearings are provided with lubricators & contracted towards the base and
provided with grooves d' for permitting the semi-solid fat to pass. The lubricating
cylinder is provided with a rim d² which overlaps the ring a¹ of the bearing.
The pressure between the rollers is obtained as follows:
The arms C of the bearings of the movable roller are pivoted on the pins g fixed
to the frame, and the elastic pressure is caused directly by the helical springs h, the
tension of which may be varied by means of the screws h¹.
On the side opposite the springs the lever arms Cabut against the eccentrics i of
the eccentric shaft i made adjustable in the slots of the frame for the purpose of
the accurate mounting of the rollers. By turning the lever m the position of the
eccentrics is changed and thereby that of the levers C with the movable roller.
The principle of construction of this arrangement may be applied to rollers placed
D

page_text: '
side by side as well as to superposed rollers. The controlling valve or flap F is
hinged inside at the top and serves to prevent the escape of flying dust or flour.
The flap is provided with a suitable brake mechanism r acting on the sides of the
receptacle.
The machine is also provided with a mechanism for automatically adjusting the
distance of the grinding rollers, which mechanism is connected by means of the
lever m with the pressure regulating appliance described above.
The weight of the grain depresses the flap u. If there is not a sufficient quantity
of grain on the flap the latter turns the cam z by means of the weight u¹ and
thereby releases a falling mechanism, for instance the lever V which actuates the
lever m so as to turn the eccentric i either directly or indirectly, for instance by
means of a rack n.
The same falling mechanism in combination with an inclined plane may serve to
disengage the mechanism for driving the rollers while at the same time setting an
alarm in motion by causing the part X² of the pulley R to strike against a bell X¹
at each revolution of the driving pulley, or by fixing the bell to the roller so that,
at each revolution of the latter, the bell comes in contact with a hammer or lever
attached to the rack n or to the lever U or to any other suitable part of the
machine.

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the city of Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS," a communication
to me from abroad by Carl Otto Dost, of Ravensburg, in the Kingdom of
Würtemberg, Mechanical Engineer, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:.
The improvements relate to the method or means of supporting the roller, the
lubrication of the bearings, the regulation of the pressure between the rollers,
the adjustment of the rollers, mechanism for automatically adjusting the distance
of the grinding rollers, and an arrangement of controlling flaps.
Figs. I to V of the accompanying drawings represent the principle of the
improvements.
Figs VI to IX and XI to XX represent modifications of the pressure regulating
mechanism and mechanism for controlling the position of the rollers.
Fig. X represents a flap with braking appliance, while Fig. XVIII represents a
modification of the roller bearing.
The first improvement relates to the bearings of the rollers..
The upper parts a, of the bearings, Figs I and II, are loosely fitted into the
lower parts 6 of the bearings and are held in open brackets B and supporting levers
by means of screws c.
By adapting the upper and lower parts of the bearings to shift upon each other
and pivoting the bearings on the screw points c¹, an easy and automatic adjustment
of the bearings to the journals for all positions of rollers is obtained; any strong
pressure of the rollers W is taken up by the segmental contact surfaces
(Fig. III) which are concentric to the vertical adjusting screws or to the centre
line of the bearing.
The screws c serve to mount the rollers in an accurately horizontal position, for
which purpose several washers c³ are placed under the heads of the screws. If the
position of the rollers is unequal, a washer of corresponding thickness may be
transferred from the lower screw to the upper screw or vice versa ; moreover this
arrangement of the bearings permits easy access to the same; the open brackets B
allow the rollers to be easily removed, because after slightly turning back the
upper and lower screws c, the parts of the bearings may be removed from the axle,
examined and, if necessary, cleaned from old fat and oil.
The lubricating cups d are contracted towards the base and provided with
grooves d¹ permitting the semi-solid or consistent fat to pass. Each of the lubri
cating cups is provided with a rim d² which overlaps the raised ring a¹ of the
bearing, thereby preventing the accumulation of dust in the latter.
Figs I, II, VI, VII, VIII and IX represent arrangements for controlling the
pressure and position of the roller which is mounted in the movable bearings A1
situated in the levers C, and against the roller mounted in the bearings A held in
the part B of the stand by means of screws.c.
The pressure between these rollers is obtained as follows:
The arms carrying the bearings of the movable roller are pivoted on the pins 'g'
fixed to the frame, and the elastic pressure is caused by the helical springs h, the
tension of which may be varied by means of the screws h¹, fig I, or by means
of the nut h¹, fig VI. On the inner side the lever arms Cabut against the

page_text: i
eccentrics of the eccentric shaft ; the eccentric shaft is made adjustable in the
slots of the frame to facilitate the accurate mounting of the rollers, and it is
sufficient to turn the nuts 23 of the screws which hold the eccentric shaft in the
heart shaped end 25 (as shown in Figs. I and IV), until the rollers are set at
accurately equal distances on the right and on the left.
Figs VIII and IX represent the same regulating mechanism for rollers in
superposed bearings, the eccentric shaft being guided in a vertical slot, and the
independent minimum adjustment of the rollers is effected by the wedge situated
above the eccentric shaft.
When the bearing is worn out the rollers may again be accurately set by means
of nuts and screws (fig I).
In order to set the rollers more or less apart in a uniform manner for the
purpose of producing fine or coarse flour, the machine is provided with an
eccentric lever m adapted to be turned at different angles, Figs I, II, VII and VIII;
the eccentric lever, m is secured by the rail n.
For uniformly varying the distance between the rollers during motion, it is
sufficient to turn the eccentric lever m and subsequently secure it by means of the
thumbnut on the rail n.
The screws.³ with nut serve for the independent adjustment of the rollers;
the operation of bringing the axes nearer together, when the bearings are worn out,
or when the rollers are considerably worn, may be effected in an equally simple
and complete manner by the eccentric shaft i¹ which is adjustable in the slot i³.
The controlling flap F, represented in Figs. I and II, is hinged inside, at the
upper end.
When opened, as shown in Fig. VI, the controlling flap prevents the attendant
from coming within reach of the rollers (thereby preventing accidents), while the
flour or other ground material remains on the inside of the walls.
The flap is provided with a brake mechanism r, which comprises a casing serving
as a guide to a bolt which is pressed by a spring against the side walls, owing to
which the flap remains fixed in any position into which it may be placed by the
attendant.
The play of the flap is limited by a stop.
the
Fig. X represents another brake spring t which is screwed to the side walls;
flap slides on the surface of the spring; t, is the device for securing the flap,
2 the stop serving to limit the play of the flap.
Figs I and II also represent a mechanism for automatically setting the grinding
rollers for the required distance apart; figs XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, and XVI
represent various modifications of this mechanism, in which the same letters
represent analogous parts.
The mechanism represented in Fig I works in the following manner:
The weight of the material presses the flap u downward. If there is not a
sufficient quantity of material on the flap u, the latter turns on the pivot vowing
to the weight of the rod v'; the rod is guided below in a slot, while the lever w
presses by means of a nose v³ against the nose of the rod v. When the rod v'
descends owing to the want of material on the flap u, the noses v³ and v³ are
disengaged, the lever w turns on the pin w² secured to the frame of the machine
and draws downward the rail n which is attached to the lever by means of pin w³;
the eccentric lever m is secured to the rail n by means of screws m³, their thumb
nuts m² and washer m³.
By drawing the eccentric lever downward, the eccentrics are caused to withdraw
the movable arms of the bearing, that is to say the grinding rollers are pressed
apart from each other.
:
Figs I, II, and V represent the mechanism for arresting the feed roller if there is
not sufficient material in the machine; the oblique guide attached to the rod v¹,
when descending, turns the lever v³, in consequence of which the clutch coupling
illustrated in Fig V is disengaged.
>

page_text: Figs XI and XII represent an arrangement in which the adjustment of the,
rail n is effected by an eccentric w attached to the lever w. Fig XIII represents
an arrangement in which the rail n is controlled by a toothed pinion and rack w³.
In the arrangement represented by Fig. XV, a lever w is held by a nose z.
mounted on the pivotal shaft of the flap; if there is not sufficient material on the.
flap, the lever wis disengaged and presses the eccentric lever m downward, whereby
the grinding rollers are placed further apart.
If the rollers remain constantly at a fixed minimum distance from each other,
that is to say where a separate mill or pair of rollers is provided for each stage of
reduction, the lever m may be omitted, in which case the lever wis firmly
connected with the eccentric shaft 1.
In the arrangement represented by Fig. XIV the lever w presses against a nose z
mounted on the shaft u¹ of the flap; if there is not sufficient material, the flap is
disengaged and turned by the external counter weight, in consequence of which the
lever w falls, shifts the rail n, and causes the eccentric shaft i' to turn the eccentrics
so as to place the rollers further apart from each other.
If convenient, a stop X, on the rod v¹ (figs I, II, and V) may be connected with
the feed roller in such a manner that if there is not sufficient material, after the
grinding rollers have been shifted apart, the stop X, is brought in contact with a
gong attached to the belt pulley, so as to cause an alarm until more material is
introduced. The gong may also be attached to the rod v¹, and the nose X' to the
belt pulley.
In the arrangement represented by Fig XVIII the gong X' is attached to the
rail n, which after its release is directed towards a nose on the roller pulley.
Figs XV and XVI represent a mechanism for automatically adjusting the rollers,
provided with an arrangement in which the lever w, when disengaged owing to
the want of material, acts on the lever m, whereby the eccentric i is adjusted so as
to cause a reduction of the pressure of the rollers which is influenced by the spiral
spring.
In the arrangement represented by Figs XVII and XVIII the descending lever w
acts through an eccentric won the rail n, and thereby on the lever m and the
eccentric v, for the purpose of adjusting the rollers.
This arrangement is a modification of that represented in fig XI.
1
Fig. XVIII shows a segmental adjusting surface c², on both sides of the bearing
(therefore also at c¹₂).
Fig. XIX illustrates the manner in which the oblique surface v of the disengaging
lever v serves as a disengaging device in combination with the falling lever w.
In Fig. XX the eccentric used in the mechanism represented in Fig. XVIII is
replaced by a pivot w³ which serves to connect the rail n with the lever w; this
appliance is therefore also a modification of the corresponding device of the machine
represented in fig. I.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: In roller mills :
1. Divided bearings held in open brackets B and ƒ (of which B is fixed, while
fis supported by a lever C) by screws c so as to keep the two halves a and b
together and allow the bearing to adjust itself to different positions of the axle,
while facilitating the accurate setting of the rollers into a horizontal position, the
bearings being also provided with lubricators adapted to exclude the dust.
2. The mechanism for adjusting the movable roller Fig. I, which comprises an
eccentric shaft i, guided in slots 2 and held by screw nuts i³, or supported by set
screws k, as illustrated by Fig. VI, or made adjustable by a wedge L, as illustrated
by Fig. VIII.
3. The arrangement of the controlling flap F, with brake-device.
4. The mechanism for altering the distance between the grinding rollers, which
comprises a rod v connected with the movable flap u, the arm w with lever
arrangement w² and w³, or with eccentric arrangement w, or with rack and

page_text: pinion w, for shifting the rail n or a fixed connecting link, for acting on the
appliance which controls the distance of the rollers; which mechanism includes the
direct arrangement shown by Fig. XIV in which the lever w rests against
the nose 2, as well as the employment of the intermediate rod v¹ with the noses v
and 3, as illustrated by Figs I and II; each arrangement being taken separately
or with the modifications described by way of example, and with or without
disengaging gear such as a clutch coupling, for setting out of action the feed roller.
5. An alarm-bell attached to the driving pulley or to a roller axle and adapted
to strike against the disengaging rod v¹, or the lever w, or the rail n, or the
eccentric lever, or analogous part of the machine, which alarm-bell may also be
attached to one of the lever mechanisms just mentioned and combined with a
contact pin or equivalent appliance attached to the pulley axle, or to the axle of
the feed roller, or of a grinding roller.
The whole substantially as described and for the purposes specified.
F