IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS.
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM HENRY RENWICK of N° 5 Quayside, in the City and County of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne.-Iron Merchant. do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSETS. and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
I construct the water closet contiguous to the external wall of the house, of
glazed earthenware with flushing arrangements by water as usual, and with a valve
operated by a handle by the side of the pan. the movement of which turns on a
supply of water. The water so admitted moves a flap valve outside the house
afterwards described. The pan is fixed in position and the pipe leading from it to
the waste being preferably made in one piece with the pan, is inclined upwards so
as that it forms a trap between the pan and the outer end of the pipe sealed by
contained water. Outside the house the end of this waste pipe is sealed to a tube
projecting downwards in a box which may also be earthenware if desired; at the
bottom of the tube there is a flat plate of earthenware or glass and an India Rubber
washer at the junction of the tube and plate. This plate is ordinarily kept in
contact with the pipe end or the India Rubber washer by a balance weight or
spring the weight or force of which is such as to be overcome by a flush of water.
The plate is hung on an arm or arms and is capable of being moved on a pivot or
pair of pivots so as to open or close the orifice of the pipe. The pipe so closed is
prolonged upwards so as to form an air pipe above the level of the roof of the house
but in addition I provide a second air pipe for sewer gas parallel to that last
described and also reaching to above the roof of the house and which pipe is always
open. I also provide in the air pipe first described a sliding piece so as that in the
event of any stoppage or necessity for cleaning or repair access may easily be had
to the orifice of the pan pipe and to the flap and the box in which it is contained.
And below all I provide a pipe trapped with an S trap at any convenient part of
the pipe leading to the drain. By these means absolutely cut off any access of
sewer gas to the interior of the house and provide an apparatus which may be
constantly kept efficient and clean.
The description I have given may be more readily understood by reference to
the drawings hereto attached in which Fig. 1. is a vertical section of the whole
arrangement. Fig. 2. is a section on the line a. b. A. A. represents the pan and
its pipe. B. the flap in 2 views, C the box in which the flap works, D, the arm of
ID 431

page_text: the flap, and E the pivots on which it moves, F. the air pipe from the closet pipe and
G. the air pipe for sewer gas. H. the trap on the drain pipes, and J. the waste pipe
itself. The level of the water in the traps is indicated by shaded lines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is, the construction of water closets substantially as described.
Dated this Second day of January 1884.
WILLIAM HENRY RENWICK.