AN IMPROVED WASHER, MANGLE, AND WRINGING MACHINE
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Harrison, of 79, Gladstone Street, Peterborough,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED WASHER, MANGLE, AND WRINGING
MACHINE,"
Sealed the 17th May 1878, and dated the 5th January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Harrison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th January 1878.
CHARLES HARRISON, of 79, Gladstone Street, Peterborough. "AN IMPROVED
WASHER, MANGLE, AND WRINGING MACHINE."
This Invention has for its object "An Improved Washer, Mangle, and Wringing
Machine." Its formation of sides is four uprights with a space between for sliding
bars, the top of which carries top mangle roller, the four upright outsides carrying
a cross piece or bearing for bottom roller, the middle sliding pieces having a slot in
centre which gives the top roll a rising movement, the bottom of the sliding pieces
carrying a cross bar. In the centre of this cross bar is a step and toe; on this is
worked the centre of a tub to iron cross, which is continued through the tub a straight
rod, which enters into a T joint, of which T joint an horizontal shaft, which passes
through the self-same joint, which joins a working centre for the top end of the
tub and a centre bearing for the horizontal shaft. The top of the tub is made in
the form of cogs on a wheel, and a small pinion being fixed on the end of the hori-
zontal wheel. On the turn of the horizontal shaft a movement of the tub takes
place, at the same time the horizontal shaft being supplied with two or more cranks
being connected to two or more plungers, with two or more connecting rods in the
turn of the horizontal shaft. By the cranks being contrary to each other one
plunger is down when the other is up; when the movement in the horizontal
shaft takes place the tub turns round and the plungers make their movement at
the same time. This is for washing purposes, but for wringing or mangling this
part of the machine is motionless, except to act as springs or levers or weights by

page_text: the tub being filled with water or any other material to give power to the top
roller by the movement in the sliding side pieces commencing from the bottom centre
on the cross piece, which movement and balance is suitable for this and other
purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Harrison in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th July
1878.
CHARLES HARRISON, of 79, Gladstone Street, Peterborough.
WASHER, MANGLE, AND WRINGING MACHINES."
"AN IMPROVED
This Invention consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement
of apparatus whereby I produce an efficient and durable combined washing,
wringing, and mangling machine, whose parts are few in number and simple in
their construction and operation.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will now proceed to describe the same by the aid of the accom-
panying Drawings, wherein the same letters of reference indicate similar parts in
all the Figures or views.
Figure 1 represents a side view of my said Invention; Fig. 2 represents an end
elevation of same; Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation; Fig. 4, a sectional
plan.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section of the plunger; Fig. 6 is a sectional plan
of ditto.
Figs. 7, 8, and 9, detail views of tub, and gearing for revolving the same.
Figure 10, side elevation of machine with stationary tub; Fig. 11, end view of
same; Fig. 12, sectional side elevation; and Fig. 13, sectional plan of the same
machine.
A, A, are the upright supports; a¹, the rods which connect the uprights together;
B, the tub in which the clothes are placed; C, C, the plunger by which the washing
is done; D, D, the multiplying levers, by which the weight of the tub is transmitted
on to the slide bars d, thus giving pressure to the roller E; 6₁, the centre on
which the tub revolves; 62, the horizontal cog wheel by which the tub is revolved
F, the pinion working in the wheel 63; fl and f2 are bevel cog wheels working on
the upright fs and horizontal shaft G, which bring the plungers C, C, and tub B
into combined action, the crank shaft G being worked by handle g¹ and fly
wheel g³.
Although the Drawings show cranks, cams can be used if found convenient
Above the crank shaft are fixed two rollers E and H worked by additional
handle h and fly wheel h for wringing and mangling purposes. These rollers
and also the plungers, are of wood, or wood coated with zinc, which zinc is put on
in the manner about to be described. The roller or plunger is placed in a suitably

page_text: shaped iron mould and the metal poured in round the wood which forms the core.
The metal in cooling contracts tightly round the roller or plunger, forming a solid
and durable roller or plunger, which is impervious to moisture.
The clothes are put between the rollers, which are worked by the handle h¹ and
the fly wheel h³, and thereby either wrung or mangled. The crank shaft is pro-
tected from the falling water caused in wringing by boards forming a space
covering I, with wood fillets ¹ guiding the water back into the tub B.
The plungers (see Figs. 5 and 6) C, C, are constructed as follows:-A spring c
made of brass or other suitable metal is placed in a brass tube in the bottom part
of the centre of the plunger, giving an equal pressure to any thickness of clothes
which may be put in the tub. The piston c³ and rod care of brass or other
suitable metal connected by the connecting rod g³ to the crank g' which gives
motion to the plunger. On the crank pin go, which connects the piston rod and
connecting rod, are fixed two runners c, which work in grooves c in the plunger,
giving it an even up-and-down motion.
An air chamber is formed on the under side of plunger, forming a vacuum on
the rising of the plunger. At the falling of the plunger there is found a pressure
of air, which is driven through the clothes, thereby cleansing them effectually.
One or more plungers can be used as may be found convenient.
On each side of the tub a pair of brackets K are fixed on to the framework,
in the ends of which are fixed rollers k¹, which keep the tub in an upright
position.
A pair of rods 9 are fixed to under side of crank covering, which work in
vertical holes in plunger, giving the latter an even up-and-down motion. A pair
of mangling boards L, L, and board M above rollers are fixed in grooves in upright
supports.
Another arrangement for causing the tub to revolve is as follows (see Figs. 7, 8,
and 9): The upright shaft f³ is carried down below the level of the bottom of the
tub, and a pair of bevel cog wheels f* and fo give motion to another horizontal
shaft f, which is connected by worm wheel f' to a cog wheel b³, which is fixed on
the axis of the tub beneath.
These machines may be worked either by hand or steam power.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and shewn how the same may
be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I desire it to be under-
stood that I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention, and I would observe in conclusion that the washing machine may be
made separate and apart from the wringing and mangling apparatus; also I would
observe that a modified arrangement may also be used, as shewn in Figures 10, 11,
12, and 13, the tub being screwed underneath to supports 63 (which are fixed on
the rods a¹), the tub may either be arranged to revolve or be made stationary with
one or more plungers; what I claim and desire to be secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, together
forming the improved washing, mangling, and wringing machine, substantially as
herein-before set forth and described, and as shewn and illustrated on the Drawings,
or any mere modification thereof.
Second. The use of the plunger, together with the vacuum chamber in the
under side of the said plunger, by which the clothes are effectually cleansed, as
shewn and described.
Third. The use of a coiled spring in the plunger, by which means the action of
the plunger is made to accommodate itself to the quantity of clothes in the tub, as
shewn and described.
Fourth. The use of the multiplying lever, by which the weight of the said tub
5 containing water is made to bear on the clothes as they pass between the rollers, as
herein-before described.

page_text: Fifth. The use and application of zinc as a covering for the plunger and rollers of
mangling and wringing machines, by which means they are made more durable,
the zinc in cooling having the effect of squeezing or pressing the wood, and making
it impervious to moisture, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Harrison, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
CHARLES HARRISON. (LS.)