Improvements in India-rubber Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 10th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in India-rubber Tyres for Wheels.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
from abroad by A. Hutchinson and Co., of 1, Rue d'Hauteville, Paris, France,
Indiarubber Manufacturers) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to indiarubber tyres for velocipede and other wheels.
Such tyres when solid are often wanting in elasticity and suppleness and when
made hollow the tyres are rather too supple and are liable to flatten or spread and
become cut at the sides.
The improved tyre of this invention consists of a combination of a tubular
rubber tyre with an internal core of solid rubber, hemp, or other suitable material,
of a diameter rather less than that of the bore of the tube.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this
Specification, Figures 1 and 2 of which represent a cross-section and side view of
the tyre.
a is the internal solid core, and ↳ the external tubular tyre, the bore of which is
of about four millimetres greater diameter than that of the core, the hollow tyre b
being of twelve millimetres internal diameter and thirty-two inillimetres external
diameter and the core a of eight millimetres diameter, but it will be understood
that these dimensions may be varied.
When the tyre is placed upon the wheel the core a, owing to the tension with
which the tyre is sprung on, will lay close against the innermost side of the hollow
tyre, thus leaving a space of about four millimetres between the other side of the
core and tyre b; when the latter becomes flattened to this extent any further
spreading will be partially checked by contact with the solid core although not
entirely, the core itself being elastic and compressible. By thus limiting the
lateral spreading of the tyre, the liability of cutting at the sides, to which
ordinary hollow tyres are subject when unduly compressed, is avoided.
In making the tyre the solid core a of the proper diameter is well coated with
tale to prevent its adhering to the inside of the tube in which it is then introduced.
The two members of the tyre are cut to the proper length and the two ends of the
core are first united and then the two ends of the tube and then placed in a metal
mould and vulcanized at a temperature of from 130° to 160° C. for from about one
to two hours, or the vulcanization may be performed in a steam boiler, without the
use of a mould. The indiarubber of which the tyre is to be made is previously
mixed in the ordinary way, with sulphur or sulphides and with or without gutta-
percha or foreign matters in suitable proportions. The core a which is preferably
made of indiarubber may either be of round, square, oval, or other form in section
and may either be independent of the tubular tyre or form part thereof, and the
rubber of which the tyre is composed may either be of the same or of a different
nature to that of the core, or it may be of other material as before mentioned.
The tyre may be applied upon the wheel, either with or without tension and may
be filled with water or gas under pressure, in the ordinary manner.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1890.
A.
MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.

page_text: DOMIDELE SECIFICATION.
Improvements in India-rubber Tyres for Wheels.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
by A. Hutchinson and Co., of 1, Rue d'Hauteville, Paris, France, India Rubber
Manufacturers) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to india-rubber tyres for velocipede and other wheels.
Such tyres when solid are often wanting in elasticity and suppleness and when
made hollow the tyres are rather too supple and are liable to flatten or spread and
become cut at the sides.
The improved tyre of this invention consists of a combination of a tubular
rubber tyre with an internal core of solid rubber, hemp, or other suitable niaterial,
of a diameter rather less than that of the bore of the tube.
Reference is to be had to the drawing left with the Provisional Specification,
Figures 1 and 2 of which represent a cross-section and part-sectional side view of
the tyre.
a is the internal solid core and the external tubular tyre the bore of which is
about four millimetres greater diameter than that of the core, the hollow tyre b
being of twelve millimetres internal diameter and thirty-two millimetres external
diameter and the core of eight millimetres diameter, but it will be inderstood
that these dimensions may be varied.
When the tyre is placed upon the wheel, the core a owing to the tension with
which the tyre is sprung on will lay close against the innermost side of the hollow
tyre, thus leaving a space of about four millimetres between the other side of the
core and tyre b; when the latter becomes flattened to this extent any further
spreading will be partially checked by contact with the solid core although not
entirely, the core itself being elastic and compressible. By thus limiting the lateral
spreading of the tyre, the liability of cutting at the sides, to which ordinary hollow
tyres are subject when unduly compressed, is avoided.
In making the tyre, the solid core a of the proper diameter is well coated with
talc to prevent its adhering to the inside of the tube in which it is then introduced.
The two members of the tyre are cut to the proper length and the two ends of
the core are first united and then the two ends of the tube, and the tyre is then
placed in a metal mould and vulcanized at a temperature of from 130° to 160° C. for
from about one to two hours, or the vulcanization may be performed in
a steam
boiler, without the use of a mould. The india-rubber of which the tyre is to be
made is previously mixed in the ordinary way with sulphur or sulphides and with
or without gutta-percha or foreign matters in suitable proportions. The core a
which is preferably made of india-rubber may either be of round, square, oval, or
other forin in cross-section, and may either be independent of the tubular tyrė or
form part thereof and the rubber of which the core is composed may either be of
the same or of a different nature to that of the tyre, or the core may be made of
other material as before mentioned. The tyre may be applied upon the wheel
either with or without tension and may be filled with water or gas under pressure
in the ordinary manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
A tubular rubber tyre having an internal solid core, of rubber or other suitable

page_text: material, of less diameter than the bore of said tyre and either independent, or
attached thereto, as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 10th day of August. 1891
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.