IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER, ALSO 'APPLICABLE FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF GAS AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1869

page_text: - LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Cook, of Old-Kent Road, in the County:
of Surrey, Engineer, and John Watson, of Victoria Chambers,
Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR
PRODUCING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER, ALSO 'APPLICABLE FOR MEASURING
THE FLOW OF GAS AND OTHER FLUIDS."
الله
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Cook, and.
John Watson at the Office of the Commissioners, of, Patents, with
their Petition, on the 22nd January 1869.,
We, THOMAS Cook, of Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey;.
Engineer, and JOHN WATSON, of Victoria Chambers, Westminster, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUB

page_text: FOR PRODUCING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR MEASURING
THE FLOW OF GAS AND OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relating to improvements in the mode of and apparatus
for producing and applying motive power consists of a rotary engine
constructed in the following manner:-We provide a closed chamber
into which the steam, water, or other motive power is introduced by a
suitable pipe. The top side of this chamber is provided with three or
more passages for the exit of the steam or water, which passages or ports
are placed in a circle and lead from the chamber in an inclined direction
at any suitable angle, and open out beneath a wheel placed horizontally
and resting on the top of the closed chamber. This wheel is mounted on
a vertical axis, and its under surface is provided with a number of cells
or recesses of suitable form and size formed near the circumference of the
wheel. These cells when the wheel is rotated will pass successively over
the inclined ports above mentioned, so that when steam or water under
pressure is projected from the elosed chamber through the inclined ports
it will fill the cells contained in the wheel and at same time rotate the
ame by impinging on the sides of the cells. As, in order to escape, the
steam or water must pass from under the wheel, the latter will when
rotating be lifted completely off the surface on which it rests when not
in motion, and will be supported on a film of the fluid forming the
motive power, thus reducing the friction to a minimum. The wheel is
enclosed in a suitable casing provided with an escape pipe, and the power
obtained as above described may be transmitted where required by
means of suitable gearing placed outside the casing and connected with
the vertical shaft of the wheel. In order to cause the wheel to rotate in
a reverse direction we provide additional ports either aeting on the same
circle of cells in the wheel, or another formed within the first. These
additional ports are inclined in the reverse direction to the first and com-
municate with the same closed chamber, in which case a suitable valve
would be employed to close one set of ports whilst the other set is open,
or separate chambers may be provided for each set. The weight of the
wheel which acts as a fly wheel is in all cases proportioned to the
pressure of the steam, water, or other motive power employed. Instead
of employing the apparatus above described as a means of producing and
applying motive power, we may employ it for the purpose of measuring
the flow of gas, water, or other fluid by causing said fluid to act as the

page_text: motive power in the manner above described, the number of revolutions
of the wheel and consequently the flow of the gas or water being
registered by a suitable indicator. When applied for the latter purpose
we prefer to apply pallets or blades to the upper surface of the wheel to
6 check its too rapid rotation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Cook and John Watson in the Great
Scal Patent Office on the 22nd July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
Cook, of Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, and
JOHN WATSON, of Victoria Chambers, Westminstor, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in
the thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Cook and John
Watson, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Cook and John
Watson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Thomas Cook and John Watson, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TH
MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER, ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF GAS AND OTHER FLUIDS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Cook and
John Watson, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent:

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Cook and John Watson,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention relating to improvements in the mode of and apparatus
for producing and applying motive power consists of a rotary enginò
constructed in the following manner :-We provide a closed chamber
into which the steam, water, or other motive power is introduced by a
suitable pipe. The top side of this chamber is provided with three or
more passages for the exit of the steam or water, which passages or ports
are placed in a circle, and lead from the chamber in an inclined direction
at any suitable angle, and open out beneath a wheel placed horizontally
and resting on the top of the closed chamber. This wheel is mounted
on a vertical axis, and, its under surface is provided with a number of
cells or recesses of suitable form and size formed near the circumference
of the wheel. These cells, when the wheel is rotated, will pass succes-
sively over the inclined ports above mentioned, so that when steam or
water under pressure is projected, from the closed chamber through the
inclined ports it will fill the cells contained in the wheel, and at same
time rotate the same by impinging on the sides of the cells. As, in order
to escape, the steam or water must pass from under the wheel, the latter
will when rotating be lifted completely off the surface on which it rests
when not in motion, and will be supported only on a film of the fluid
forming the motive power, thus reducing the friction to a minimum,
The wheel is enclosed in a suitable casing provided with an escape pipe,
and the power obtained as above described may be transmitted where
required by means of suitable gearing placed outside the casing and
connected with the vertical shaft of the wheel. In order to cause tho
wheel to rotate in a reverse direction we provide additional ports acting
either on the same circle of cells in the wheel or on another formed
within the first,. These additional ports are inclined in the reverse
direction to the first, and communicate with the same closed chamber, in
which case a suitable valve would be employed to close one set of ports
'whilst the other set is open, or separate chambers may be provided for
each set. The weight of the wheel, which acts as a fly wheel, is in all
cases proportioned to the pressure of the steam, water, or other motive

page_text: power employed. Instead of employing the apparatus above described
as a means of producing and applying motive power we may employ it
for the purpose of measuring the flow of gas, water, or other fluid by
causing said fluid to act as the motive power in the manner above
described, the number of revolutions of the wheel and consequently the
flow of the gas or water being registered by a suitable indicator. When
applied for the latter purpose we prefer to apply pallets or blades to tho
uppor surface of the wheel to check its to rapid rotation.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 of the Drawings shows an elevation of our improved rotary
engine, and Figure 2 a plan of the same; Figure 3 is a vertical section
of the apparatus, taken on line 1, 2, Figure 2; Figure 4 is à part plan-
of the under surface of the fly wheel, while Figure 5 is a section of the
same and of the steam or other chamber, taken on line 8, 4, Figure 4,
showing the direction in which the steam issuing from the ports acts on
the cells in the wheel; Figure 6 is a plan of the top of the closed
chamber above which the wheel rotates, showing the disposition of the
ports therein.
A is a horizontal wheel, on the under surface of which one or more
series or circles of cells a are formed near the circumference of said
wheel A. This wheol is provided with a vertical axis f, and its under
surface rests upon the top of a closed chamber B, into which the steam,
water, or other fluid forming the motive power is first introduced by a
passage c, the wheel A being enclosed in a suitable casing D. Through-
the top 6 of this chamber B three or more passages or ports e are formed
for the exit of the steam or other fluid from chamber B. These ports é
are placed in a circle corresponding to the circle of cells a in tho'
wheel A, directly beneath which they open out, said ports leading from
the chamber B in an inclined direction, as shown in Figure 5. It will
thus be seen that when the steam or other fluid under pressure con-
stituting the motive power escapes from the chamber B through the
inclined ports e it will fill the cells a, and at same time rotate wheel A
by impinging on the sides of cells a as they pass in succession over the
ports b. As there is no other outlet from the cells a the steam or other
fluid, in order to escape from under wheel A, must pass between the top
of chamber B and the under surface of the wheel. The latter when
rotated by the steam or other fluid will be thus lifted completely off the
top of chamber B (the surface upon which it rests when stationary), and

page_text: will be supported only on a film of fluid as it escapes from under it into
chamber D, whereby all friction between the wheel and the surface upon
which it is placed is prevented. The casing or chamber D enclosing
wheel A is furnished with an escape passage d for the exit of the fluid.
By the above arrangement a constant and steady transmission of power
is obtained, which may be communicated where required by means of
suitable gearing mounted in bearings on the casing D, and connected to
the axis of wheel A, as shown, or in any other convenient manner.
In order to reverse the motion of the engine by causing the wheel A to
rotate in the contrary direction to that indicated by the arrow in
Figure 0, additional ports 9 are provided in the top 6 of chamber B,
inclined in the reverse direction to the ports e first described. The
steam or other fluid, when caused to issue from these ports g, will act on
the cells a and cause the wheel A to rotate as before, but in the reverso
direction. Instead of the steam or other fluid when issuing from
ports g acting on the same cells a, a second circle of cells may be
formed in wheel A within the circle of cells a, in which case the
reversing ports g would also be formed nearer the centre of plate b, to
coincide with the additional circle of cells. Each set of ports e and 9
may communicate with separate steam chambers if desired, in which caso
the steam or other fluid would be admitted to the one chamber and shut
off from the other by means of a suitable valve or cock, or both sets of
ports e and may communicate with the same chamber B, as shown,
the exit of the steam being governed by means of a plate h, which when
in the red line position shown in Figure 6 closes ports g, and at same
time opens a passage for the steam through the other set e, and vice
versa when moved to the dotted position. The position of this plate h is
adjusted by hand in any suitable manner.
The Drawings above described will also serve to illustrate the apparatus
as applied for the purpose of measuring the flow of gas, water, or other
fluid which acts as the motive power in the manner before described.
The flow of the fluid at cach revolution having been previously ascer-
tained by experiment, the number of revolutions of wheel A, and
consequently the flow of fluid, is registered by any suitable indicator
connected to axis fof wheel A, in place of the gearing shown.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention to
be protected by the hercin-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―

page_text: 1st. We claim the improved mode of and apparatus for producing and
applying motive power, as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
2ndly. We claim the application of the said apparatus as a meter for
measuring the flow of gas and other fluids, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof I, the said Thomas Cook, for myself and on
behalf of the said John Watson, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.