Improvements in Apparatus for Boiling and Evaporating Water.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 15th Sept., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Boiling and Evaporating Water.
I, ROBERT COOKE SAYER, of 11, Clyde Road, Redland, Bristol, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:--
This invention has for its object boiling water at or near atmospheric pressure,
and its evaporation at any pressure, and essentially consists of forming films of
water between pipes heating them outside and inside, and automatically supply-
ing the water.
This object is illustrated by the following specification and two drawings,
where.
Fig. 1 shows a section at aa on Fig. 2.
2 an elevation at bb on Fig. 1.
33
"
3 a cross section at c-c on Fig. 1.
"
4 a sectional elevation at -d on Fig. 5.
""
5 an elevation at e-e-on Fig. 4.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION.
Boiling water at or near atmospheric pressure obtains as shown by Figs. 1
to 3, the pipes 1 are within the pipes 2, screw jointed at 3 where the elbows are
separate and at 4 where they are united as shown at Fig. 3, and connects by the
pipe 6 to the tap 7. The pipes have an opening 5 to the source of heat that
The pipes 2
surrounds the pipes 2 passes up 1 and exits as shown by arrows.
have hollow trunnions 8 connected by right and left handed screw nuts 9 to
connect the water of all, the last being closed by caps 10.
One or all the pipes 2 has a cover 11 free to open but weighted to give sufficient
pressure to raise the water to the tap 7, their other ends are closed.
Steam at any pressure is raised similarly Figs. 4 and 5, the source of heat is
enclosed by the walls 13 they carry a plate 16, the pipes 14 and 15 from which
the pipes 1 and 2, 53 and 56 are suspended over the source of heat in the
chamber 50. That the pipes 1 and 2 may be put together and taken apart the
ends 44 of the tubes 2 are coned to fit similar cones of the parts 45 and are
screwed steam tight by nuts 46 and 47 upon the tubes 1 and locked by bell
mouthed entrances 5.
Vertical tubes 1 are passed over the horizontal tubes 1 to the shoulder 48 and
the nuts 47 are produced to tighten them up, the tubes 1 pass into the water of
the pipe 15 and connect at 49 with the combustion chamber 50.
The water space between the pipes and 2 connects at 51 to pipe 15, at 52 to
the supply pipes 53 at 61 to the pipe 14, and pipes 55 and 56 connect. pipes 14
and 15.
The water supply obtains through the vessel 17 interposed between the
pipe 14 and supply pipe 18, and is connected by the pipes 19 and 20 having
taps 21 and 22 connected by levers 23 to a spring 57 at 25 and a rod 24 with an
electric solenoid 35 carried on the vessel 17 by arms 36 and connected by a con-
ductor 37 to an insulating cup 38 secured to the saucer 39 bolted to the pipe 14.
a duplicate cup 40 is connected by the conductor 41 to a source of electric power,
and the cups 38 and 40 have mercurial contacts and spindles 42 to slide into and
close them, 42 carry a ball 43 to float at the water line 54.

page_text: The working is as follows,
0
Water is filled up in the spaces between the pipes 1 and 2 and in the pipes 53
and 56 to its normal level 54 in the pipes 14 and 15, the tap 21 is closed 22 open
filling the vessel 17.
Heat is generated by any means at the lower part of the chamber 50, it envelopes
the exterior of the pipes 2, 53 and 56 passes into the entrances 5 through the
pipes 1 and exits to the chamber 50 at 49 and goes by pipe 59 through the water
supply 18, when convenient, and the atmosphere.
The hot water flows up the space between the pipes 1 and 2 into the pipes 14
and 56 completing its circuit through the pipes 14 and 53.
Steam accumulates in 15 and passes by the pipe 55 to 14.
As the water decreases the float 43 falls, dips its contacts 42 into the mercury of
the cups 38 and 40 thereby closes circuit and sends a current through the
solenoid 35 which thrusts the rod 24 and levers 23 over to close the tap 22,
then open the tap 21, the water in vessel 17 gravitates into the pipe 14, the
float 43 is raised, the contacts 42 clear the mercury, circuit is cut, the action
of the solenoid ceases, and the spring 57 attached to the lever 23 at 25 closes
the tap 21, then opens the tap 22 for further supply from 18 to gravitate into
the vessel 17.
When the generators and taps 21 and 22 are large, the latter are actuated by
pressure in a cylinder regulated by a small tap set in motion by the solenoid 35.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
I
1st. Forming films of water between pipes one being exterior to the other,
heating the films interiorily and exteriorily to boil and evaporate them at or
beyond atmospheric pressure substantially as described and shown on the draw-
ings.
2nd. Supplying water from a vessel at atmospheric pressure to another at higher
pressure by interposing a third vessel connected to each. by a tap or valve con-
necting the taps by parts for one to close then the other to open to admit the
water by gravity to the third vessel and when the taps are reversed to gravitate
to the high pressure vessel, actuating the taps and parts against a spring by an
electric solenoid excited by a circuit closed by a float on the surface of the water
in the high pressure vessel falling with the water and making contact in closed
cups substantially as described and shown on the drawings."
3rd. A. generator of hot water and steam under pressure formed of walls 13
carrying a pipe 14 from which pipes 53 are suspended and coupled to parts 45
having conical faces to take against similar faces at the ends of pipes 2,.other
pipes 2 connected similarly and suspended from a pipe 15 carried by the walls 13,
pipes 1 passing through pipes 2 carrying threaded nuts 47 formed to tighten up
the parts 2 and 45 with entrances 5 and exits 49 forming water tight spaces
between pipes 1 and 2 and pipes 55 and 56 connecting pipes 14 and 15 filling the
pipes and spaces with water to the line 54 heating it with heat generated in the
chamber 50 passing it through entrances 5 and pipes 1 to exit into 50. Regulat-
ing the water supply by a float 43 and parts 42 making contact with mercury
in cups 38 and 40 sending a current to a solenoid 35 to thrust over the rod 24
and actuate taps 22 and 21 against a spring 57 to admit water by gravity to a
vessel 17 and after by gravity to the pipe 14 substantially as described and shown
on the drawings.
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