IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, AND IN STANDS OR TABLES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1876

page_text: **
LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills, of the Firm of Harris
and Mills, of 23, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, AND IN
STANDS OR TABLES FOR THE SAME." A communication from abroad by Simon
Willard Wardwell, the younger, Watchmaker, of the City and County of
St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, in the United States of America.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard
Mills at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1876.
BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and Mills, of 23,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent.
" IMPROVE
MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, AND IN STANDS OR TABLES FOR THE SAME" A
communication to me from abroad by Simon Willard Wardwell, the younger,
Watchmaker, of the City and County of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, in the
United States of America.
The Invention relates partly to the construction of the stand or table, so as to
be taken apart with great readiness. The end supports or legs have lugs locking
in the top when the table is vertical, and the legs are held in this position by
struts and stays, which are removeable without the extraction of any screw, pin, or
similar device.
Also to the pitman, which is constructed of two parallel pieces, each of which
forms part of the ball of the lower joint and the socket of the upper joint, so as to
admit of the elimination of lost motion at both ends by the vertical contraction of
the socket at the lower end. The pitman has ball-and-socket joints at both ends,
so as to allow the varying oscillation which results from the placing of the turning
head in the different positions in which it is worked, while the treadle or sandal
remains in the same position at all times, and consequently while the lower end of
the pitman always oscillates in the same plane the oscillation of the upper end
changes as the head is turned. The pitman connecting the crank shaft with the
oscillating needle arm has ball bearings to allow the compound oscillation resulting
from the rotation of the crank and the oscillation of the needle arm being in

page_text: different planes. The pitman is divided longitudinally, and tightened upon its
bearings by a single central screw.
Also to the association of the working parts of the head in one vertical plane,
and the casting the head frame in two counterpart portions, the division between
the portions being in said plane, so that said portions may be separated and the
working parts may be removed from the frame by the extraction of the three
screws holding the frame together. The bearings of the parts are also adjusted by
these screws, so as to compensate for wear.
Also to forming the hanger of the crank shaft in two counterpart portions, which
form the journal bearings of the shaft, and close upon the supporting cleats beneath
the turntable, as set forth.
Also to the peculiar construction of the turntable and cover, as set forth.
The Invention also relates to the construction of the presser foot bar, which is
made tubular, and forms the bearing of the needle bar, which passes axially through
The presser foot bar may be raised above its working position, and turned so
as to stand in any required position when working.
it.
Also to the construction of the needle with a recess in one side for the traverse
of the loop hook, as set forth.
Also the described arrangement of parts causing the loop to be taken during the
descent of the needle.
Also to the loop hook, which is supported by a spring, which allows it to spring
aside, and which is preceded by an inclined guide, which insures the proper relative
positions of the hook and needle in the entrance of the hook behind the thread.
Also to the holder of the lower spool, consisting of a pivotted arbor, spring open
ring, and cup, fixed at the end of the crank shaft, and carrying the spring loop
hook. The spring ring has peripheral rib engaging in a groove of the cup. The
thread rests in a recess of the hook, and is carried around the spring ring, and
drawn from the hook during its ascent.
Also to the tension nipper of the lower thread combined with feed slide to
prevent the rotation of the spool ring.
Also to the combination of feed slider, operating cams, and adjusting device, as
set forth.
Also to the combination of the feed slider with a circular plate operating the
feed ratchet in all positions of the cloth plate, as described hereafter in detail.
Also to the cloth plate, made adjustable as described, to allow the goods to be fed
in any direction.
Also to the tension and take-up devices of the top thread, as set forth.
The stand or table will first be described. In it upright leg frames are employed,
which stand upon the floor, and whose upper ends consist of dovetails, which
engage in suitable recesses in the under side of the table top. The construction is
such that the dovetails may be made to enter the recesses when the lower ends of
the legs are inclined outward, and when the legs are vertical the dovetails bind
tightly in the recesses. A brace frame is employed, which has four arms, each of
which ends in a cylindrical lug, which fits in a cavity of the cross bar of the leg.
The brace frame has at the centre a horizontal ring through which passes the
pitman. The lower ends of the frame legs are held together by tie rods, whose
ends are formed into hooks that engage the legs. By the application of these tie
rods the leg frames are held tightly against the brace frame, and the dovetails
bound in their recesses in the top. Thus when the ties are disengaged from the
lower parts of the legs the latter may be spread outward from each other at the
feet, and this disengages the brace frame and loosens the dovetails in their cavities,
so that they can be drawn therefrom.
As a modification the dovetails may be made to loosen in their recesses by
moving the feet inward instead of outward, and the ties and braces would be
modified to accord therewith. The treadle is hinged on a tie bar. Another bar is
employed, whose forward end has a recess fitting the bottom of the said tie bar,
and whose other end has a concavity or socket forming the lower member of the

page_text: socket of the ball-and-socket joint at the lower end of the pitman. The treadle and
last-mentioned bar are held tightly together by a single screw. The upper member
of the socket of foot joint of the pitman is in the treadle, and consists of a concavity
with a slot extending outward from the socket, through which the shank of the
pitman may be passed in disconnecting the pitman from the treadle.
The pitman is divided longitudinally into two portions, fitted together with rib
and groove running the whole length thereof. The rear part of the pitman books
over the upper half of the crank wrist, and its lower end forms the main part of
the upper half of the ball-and-socket joint at the treadle. The front part of the
pitman surrounds the lower half of the crank wrist, and at its lower end con-
stitutes the lower part of the ball of the treadle joint.
By tightening up the aforesaid screw holding together the treadle and bar, all
lost motion can be taken up or prevented in both the top and bottom bearings of
the pitman, because the rear end of the bar may, by pressure of the screw, be made
to lift up the bearing against the crank pin or wrist, and at the same time the
socket is contracted vertically, the effect of the screw being to slide one part of the
pitman upward on the other part. The main shaft turns in bearings at the lower
ends of a hanger. The crank or crank wrist which is upon the said shaft is made
globular to accommodate to oscillatory movement at the lower end of the pitman
caused by the movement of the treadle when the shaft is in any other position than
at right angles with the plane of said oscillation. The ball joint at the bottom of
the pitman accommodates the oscillatory movement of the upper end of the pitman
caused by the crank, in whatever direction the said oscillation may be. The ball
joint also allows the turntable to be turned, and the head works to be operated
when in any position.
The hanger is attached to the bottom of the turntable. Said hanger consists of
two counterpart portions secured together by screws, so that their lower ends close
upon the main shaft, and form the bearing boxes of the said shaft. The screwing
up of the lower screws will draw together the boxes on the shaft to compensate for
wear of the bearings (the parts being made originally not quite in contact, so that
allowance may be made for tightening up the boxes). One end of the main shaft
carries a balance wheel grooved to receive a belt. The hanger is supported by a
projection or cleat at the under side of the turntable, at the centre of the same,
having opposite vertical sides and curved sides, the latter concentric with the turn-
table, and having a dovetail bevil so as to engage lugs inside the cup-formed top
of the hanger.
In attaching the hanger to the turntable, the lugs are placed in juxtaposition to
the flat sides of the cleat, and the edge of the cup brought in contact with the
lower surface of the turntable, then the hanger is turned one-fourth round, which
locks the lugs on the dovetails, the upper screw is then screwed up and the hanger
is secured firmly in position. Just inside the outer rim of the turntable is a
narrow circular opening or slot, through which the hemispherical cover is drawn up
to cover the upper works of the machine. This cover consists of four sections or
plates, two on each side, pivotted together at the corners so as to slide and lap past
each other on being lowered down. The turning pins of these sections are in ears
or brackets that are bent downwards, and form the connections between the central
part of the turntable and its rim. These ears or brackets also form the stops or
rests of the cover plates when in their lower position (beneath the level of the table
top). The turntable has an opening through its top to receive the hand wheel and
other parts of the upper works.
The bed piece of the cloth plate and fixed or bracket arm are cast together in
two counterpart pieces connected together by a vertical longitudinal joint; and the
bearings of the main shaft of the upper works of the needle bar and other parts
are made in the inner faces of these parts, which are secured together by transverse
screws. The main shaft is turned by a belt running upon a pulley fixed thereon,
and on the rimmed balance wheel. One of its bearings has a recess to receive two
cam collars of the shaft, which camus operate the feed bar or slider. At one end of
A 2

page_text: the main shaft is the hand wheel, and at the other end is the spool holder cup.
This cup has at the edge the thread hook, which takes one side of the needle loop
of the thread and carries the loop down and beneath the under spool. This hook
is supported upon a spring to allow it to accommodate itself to the position of the
needle, and just before the hook on the hook piece is an inclined edge which comes
in contact with the needle and insures the proper relative positions of the hook and
needle as the hook passes through the recess in the side of the needle. Said incline
is denominated the needle guard, and it extends past and beneath the point of the
hook to prevent the hook catching the needle and bending or breaking it.
The spool holder consists of a ring case, open at one side, having a peripheral rib
fitting in a groove at the edge of the cup. The sides of this holder are made
broad contiguous to the heads of the spool, so as to carry the loop of thread (which
is drawn over the case) clear of the ends or heads of the spool. The loop hook is
arranged to hold the loop open in such a manner that as the loop is carried around
the circumference of the holder the rib divides the loop and the loop is opened so
that it passes around the holder and the under spool within it. The holder is held
in place in the cup by its flexibility as it springs outward, and holds its rib in the
groove just inside the edge of the cup. At one side of the holder is a tension
nipper through which the under thread passes after passing through an open eye.
The nipper consists of a fixed jaw and a spring jaw. A downwardly inclined pin
extends from the fixed jaw and passes loosely through an eye in the spring jaw.
The thread passes beneath this pin, and the purpose of the pin is to prevent the
escape of the thread from the nippers.
The tension of the nippers is regulated by a sliding piece which bears against
the side of the spring jaw, and which moves in an inclined slot, so that by moving
endwise in the slot it may be made to press with greater or less force against the
spring jaw.
The lower spool is upon a pin, one end of which is attached to a curved spring
whose ends are formed into pivots on which the spring and pin turn, and which are
sprung outward into pivot holes in the holder. The arrangement is such, that the
spool arbor or pin may be turned out on the pivots, so that a spool can be removed
from or placed upon it. A catch on the inside of the holder engages the free end
of the arbor, to hold it in working position diametric to the holder. The spring
has sufficient flexibility to allow the arbor to be sprung to one side in a direction at
right angles to its plane of oscillation upon the pivots, so as to enable its end to be
freed from the catch. As the cup rotates, the holder is held at rest by the tension
nipper, which passes through a slot in the head of the feed slider. A notch in the
side of slot receives the thread and prevents its abrasion between the tension nipper
and the side of the slot. The heel of the feed slider has a cylindrical bearing lug
which has bearing in recesses of the parts forming the bed piece of the cloth
plate and bracket arm, this bearing allowing to the slider a limited endwise and
oscillatory movement.
The forward endwise motion is imparted by one of the aforesaid cams acting on
a lug. Tha rearward motion of the slider is caused by a spring. The slider has an
upwardly extending lug in which is pivotted a bell-crank lever, through whose
longer end screws a temper screw having bearing in a forked lug. By means of
said screw the bell-crank lever is regulated so as to adjust the position of the wedge-
shaped toe. The inclined side of this toe when the slider is pushed forward acts on
the side of one of the four (or more) slots of the feed plate to cause the plate to
turn in its bearings in the cloth plate, and as the cloth plate turns, a pin projecting
from its upper side and engaging in an opening in the feed bar causes the bar to
turn on its pivot, and this carries the feed ratchet forward. The feed ratchet bar
and plate are carried back by a spring at the side of the ratchet bar. The feed
plate may have as many slots as may be desired to enable the feed to be varied in
as many directions. The ratchet bar is pivotted at its outer end, and is so formed
as to spring down from the cloth plate when the pressure beneath it of the slider
head ceases so as to disengage the ratchet from the cloth. The slider head is caused

page_text: to press upward (to raise the ratchet bar) when it is moving forward by the
eccentric cam on main shaft.
The feed plate has a circular bearing at the under side of the cloth plate. The
cloth plate has openings for the needle, and others for the feed ratchet. The
periphery of the cloth plate is turned down in a flange, on whose inner side is
a groove to receive and hold the edge of the ring keeper. This keeper consists
of an open ring, which is sprung into place in the cloth plate; its outward
spring holding its edge in the groove. At the ends of the keeper are semi-
circular lugs which have bearing in a socket of the bed plate.
The feed slider bas bearing between the lugs. A steady pin projecting down-
ward from the keeper ring at the opposite side from the lugs engages in a hole
in the bed plate to hold the cloth plate steadily in position. By lifting up the
cloth plate sufficiently to clear the steady pin from its hole the cloth plate may
be turned round on its lug as a pivot to expose the under spool and other parts.
At the edge of the keeper ring is a spring catch which engages in one of four
notches in the side of the groove in the flange of the cloth plate, so as to hold
the cloth plate, and with it the feed plate, in any one of the four positions in
which one of the marginal slots will be in conjunction with the inclined toe of the
slider. This construction allows the machine to feed in any one of four directions
by the mere turning of the cloth plate upon the keeper ring, a catch drawing one
of the notches when the cloth plate is [turned with moderate force, and engaging
in the next notch as the cloth plate is turned so as to bring it to the same.
Where it is desired that the machine should be capable of feeding in more than
four directions it is done by increasing the number of slots and notches. Upon
the main shaft is a crank, the wrist of which is made convex or globular. Counter-
part bars are secured together upon the crank to form the pitman extending from
the crank to the rear end of the lever operating the needle bar. The counterpart
bars have at both ends hemispherical sockets forming respectively bearings for the
last-mentioned crank and for a ball at the rear end of the needle lever arm. The
purpose of the globular bearings of the pitman is to accommodate the compound
oscillation of the pitman, the oscillation of one end being at right angles to that
at the other. These counterpart bars are held together by a screw so as to clamp
their socket bearings on the ball bearings. The needle lever has side bearing lugs
The free
which have bearing in the sides of the two parts of the bracket arm.
end of the needle lever has a cylindrical socket to receive the ball at the top of the
needle bar. The lower side of the cylindrical socket is slotted to receive the
flattened part of the shank of the needle bar; this flattened part working in the
slot as the bar is carried up and down and preventing the turning of the bar on its
axis. The lower end of the needle bar is slotted diametrically, and the sides of the
slot have axial grooves to hold the shank of the needle. The head of the needle
is spherical, and fits in a socket of the needle bar.
In applying the needle its point is inserted from the off side of the slot, and
drawn through till the round head rests in the socket, when the position of the
needle is changed from its horizontal to a vertical position by pressing the point of
the needle downward until the shank fall into the axial grooves, and the needle is
held in place by groove jaws springing inward upon it. The needle is straight, and
one side has a recess just above the eye, which leaves a space behind the thread on
that side that the point of the hook enters in engaging the loop. The shank of the
needle is flattened to prevent its turning.
The needle bar has bearing in the presser foot bar, which is made tubular to
allow the needle bar to pass axially through it, and the presser foot bar is supported
vertically in the head of the arm of the bracket arm, the head consisting of counter-
part portions forming parts of the aforesaid castings, and recessed on the inner side
to form the bearings of the presser foot bar, and of the spiral spring, whose lower
end bears against a collar of the said bar, and whose upper end bears against a
shoulder at the upper end of the recess, in which the last-mentioned collar and the
spring are contained.

page_text: The presser foot bar has vertical grooves to receive a feather projecting from the
inner side of the recess to prevent the bar from turning. There may be three or more
of these grooves to allow the position of the presser foot to be changed, so that its toe
may project in any required direction as the direction of the feed is changed. To
change the direction of the presser foot it is pushed up in the head until the groove
is above the feather, when it may be turned to bring another of the grooves in con-
nection with the feather, when on releasing the presser foot from upward pressure
it descends by gravity aided by a spring. A circumferential groove in the presser
foot bar receives the toe of a lever working upon a fulcrum, and by which the
presser foot may be raised by a cam lever working on a fulcrum; and whose toe
may be made to press against the under side of the presser foot lever to lift the toe,
and with it the presser foot, so as to raise the latter from the cloth.
The cam lever is so constructed as to remain in whichever of its two positions it
may be placed. The upper spool is placed upon a stand pin, whose lower end is
screw threaded, and passing through the upper member of the tension spring screws
into the lower member of said spring, so that by turning the screw down the top
leaf may be made to press with greater force upon the bottom leaf, and as the thread
passes between the leaves the tension of the thread may be regulated by this screw.
The thread passes from the spool first through an eye in the upper leaf, the eye being
slotted out to the edge for convenience in insertion of the thread. From the tension
bearing the thread passes through an open topped eye to an eye in the end of the
take-up lever. This lever is fulcrummed in the two parts of the bracket arm, and
it is oscillated by a cam on the main shaft of the head. The cam acts on the foot
of a pitman, and by pressing the foot upward considerable movement is imparted to
the free end of the lever, so as to take up the necessary amount of thread, the free
end of the lever being many times longer than the other end. The foot of the
pitman is held to its bearing by a fork, which straddles the shaft beside the cam.
From the eye of the take-up lever the thread extends through eyes to an eye at
the end of the needle lever, and so to the needle eye.
It will be seen that all the motions of the upper works are actuated by the main
shaft, the crank and cams by which the needle arm, feed, and take up are impelled
being cast upon the shaft; and as the loop hook is fixed to the shaft, there is no
possibility of any of tlie motions getting out of time with others, as is the case in
machines where the actuating parts are adjustable as to time, or liable to become
loose from any cause, These remarks apply equally to the feed as to the other
motions, because the feed; though adjustable as to distance of travel, is not adjustable
as to time relatively with the other movements.
Another advantage resulting from the casting of the cams and crank with the
shaft is that the mechanism is produced much cheaper than if the parts were made
in separate pieces, and fitted together subsequently. By casting the head, the
hanger, and the pitman in counterpart pieces, ready means are provided for taking
up lost motion or looseness in the bearings of the working parts by simply tightening
up the screws by which the parts are held together (the journal and fulcrum
bearings being made in the adjacent faces of the parts, and the fulcrum pins being
made conical).
The whole machine can be resolved into parts by the extraction of four screws.
To take the table apart it is only necessary to remove a screw, when the lower end
of the pitman may be drawn back out of its socket, and the parts of the pitman
may be separated from each other and the crank. The tie bars may then be
removed, and the leg frames may be spread asunder to free their upper ends from
the table top.
The arrangement of the working parts is such that the loop is taken by the hook
while the needle is descending (the notch allowing this as the hook passes within
the thread at the notch), so that by the time the needle has reached the lowest
point of descent and returned the eighth to three-sixteenths of an inch (as in all
other lock stitch machines, to throw the loop ready to be taken), the hook has
carried the loop one-fourth round the spool case and half the distance to be travelled.

page_text: till the loop is ready to be taken up, thereby obviating the friction and counter strain
common in the ordinary machine and so hard on the thread, causing irregular
sewing and thread breaking. This time secured in the travel of the loop also gives
ample time for the take up to act and be ready for making the next stitch without
sacrificing any of the time or speed of the machine, and saving much power uselessly
expended in overcoming the loss by the irregular motions in other machines to allow
the passage of the shuttle through the loop. It will be seen that the loop passes
over and escapes from the spool holder with the greatest ease, as there is no abrupt
projection upon the holder to check the escape of the thread loop.
As a modification an eccentric is used instead of the crank before described to
impart motion to the lever that operates the needle bar. The main shaft is pro-
vided with an internal gear wheel, which drives a pinion on a countershaft which
carries the spool case holder. The thread hook which carries the loop downward
underneath the lower spool forms in this case part of the spool holder cup.
thread from the lower spool in this modification passes through two eyes in a pro-
jection of the spool case.
The
As a modification of the feed and cloth plate the feed is performed by feed
wheels, the shafts of which carry bevel pinions gearing with and driven by a bevel
pinion formed on the top of the semi-rotary feed plate, to which motion is com-
municated by the following means:-A cam for med inside the internal gear wheel
imparts a reciprocating motion to the feed bar, which has a ball formed on its
forward end, which engages in the tubular end of a lever pivotted by a central
spherical projection in a tubular lug. The top end of this lever operates an arm
carrying a pivotted arm having a projecting dog, which lies in an annular recess in
the feed plate, and engages against the sides of the recess on the backward move-
ment of the arm (caused by the forward movement of the feed bar), and imparts
rotary motion to the feed plate. On the forward movement of the arm the dog
disengages from the sides of the recess, and does not impart any motion to the feed
plate. A spring causes the return movement of the arm, and another spring holds
the dog and arm in proper position.
The adjustment of the feed of the feed rolls is accomplished by increasing the
throw of the lever, and for this purpose an adjusting screw passes through a sliding
nut arranged in an oblong slot in the feed bar, so that by raising or lowering the
outer end of said bar by the set screw the ball approaches or recedes from the
fulcrum of the lever, and the throw of the lever is increased or diminished, as the
case may be.
The cloth plate is free to be turned in any direction in order to have the machine
feed" in any direction required, and is secured in position by the spring tongue
or catch of the keener ring engaging in one of the series of holes of cloth plate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed by
the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the
30th June 1876.
16
A
BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and Mills, of 23,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent.
IMPROVE
MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES AND IN STANDS OR TABLES FOR THE SAME."
communication to me from abroad by Simon Willard Wardwell, the younger,
Watchmaker, of the City and County of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, in the.
United States of America.
The Invention relates partly to the construction of the stand or table, so as to be
taken apart with great readiness. The end supports or legs have lugs locking in
the top when the table is vertical, and the legs are held in this position by struts
and stays which are removeable without the extraction of any screw, pin, or similar
device.

page_text: Also to the pitman, which is constructed of two parallel pieces, each of which
forms part of the ball of the lower joint, and the socket of the upper joint, so as to
admit of the elimination of lost motion at both ends by the vertical contraction
of the socket at the lower end. The pitman has ball-and-socket joints at both
ends, so as to allow the varying oscillation which results from the placing of the
turning head in the different positions in which it is worked, while the treadle
or sandal remains in the same position at all times, and consequently while the
lower end of the pitman always oscillates in the same plane the oscillation of the
upper end changes as the head is turned. The pitman connecting the crank shaft
with the oscillating needle arm has ball bearings to allow the compound oscillation
resulting from the rotation of the crank and the oscillation of the needle arm being
in different planes. The pitman is divided longitudinally, and tightened upon its
bearings by a single central screw.
Also to the association of the working parts of the head in one vertical plane,
and the casting the head frame in two counterpart portions, the division between
the portions being in said plane, so that said portions may be separated, and the
working parts may be removed from the frame by the extraction of the three screws
holding the frame together. The bearings of the parts are also adjusted by these
screws so as to compensate for wear.
Also to forming the hanger of the crank shaft in two counterpart portions, which
form the journal bearings of the shaft, and close upon the supporting cleats beneath
the turntable, as set forth.
Also to the peculiar construction of the turntable and cover, as set forth.
The Invention also relates to the construction of the presser foot bar, which is
made tubular, and forms the bearing of the needle bar, which passes axially through
it. The presser foot bar may be raised above its working position, and turned so
as to stand in any required position when working.
Also to the construction of the needle with a recess in one side for the traverse
of the loop hook, as set forth.
Also the described arrangement of parts causing the loop to be taken during the
descent of the needle.
Also to the loop hook, which is supported by a spring which allows it to spring
aside, and which is preceded by an inclined guide which insures the proper
relative positions of the hook and needle in the entrance of the hook behind the
thread.
Also to the holder of the lower spool, consisting of a pivotted arbor, spring open
ring, and cup fixed at the end of the crank shaft, and carrying the spring loop
hook. The spring ring has peripheral rib engaging in a groove of the cup. The
thread rests in a recess of the hook, and is carried around the spring ring and
drawn from the hook during its ascent.
Also to the tension nipper of the lower thread, combined with feed slide, to
prevent the rotation of the spool ring.
Also to the combination of feed slider, operating cams, and adjusting device, as
set forth.
Also to the combination of the feed slider, with a circular plate operating the
feed ratchet in all positions of the cloth plate, as described hereafter in detail.
Also to the cloth plate made adjustable, as described, to allow the goods to be fed
in any direction.
Also to the tension and take-up devices of the top thread, as set forth.
And in order that the said Invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings,
more fully to describe the same.

page_text: Figure 6 is a detail section of treadle and pitman.
Figure 7 is a section of the pitman.
Figure 8 is a detail section of the driving shaft hanger.
Figure 9 is a bottom view of the turntable.
Figure 10 is a perspective view of table leg and tie bars.
Figure 11 is a side view of the operating parts of the machine, with one-half of
the casing removed.
Figure 12 is a side view of the casing shown as if turned down from its counter-
part in Figure 11.
Figure 13 is a transverse section showing the pivots of the vibrating needle
driving arm.
Figure 14 is a detail side view of the pitman of the vibrating arm.
Figure 15 is a detail view of the eccentric for operating the thread take-up ;
Figure 16 is a detail of a modification of the same.
Figure 17 is an enlarged detail of the needle bar, presser foot, and parts con-
nected therewith.
Figure 18 is a detail side view of the feeder slide; Figure 19 is a plan of the
same.
Figure 20 is a detail view of the spool holder and thread tension device; Figure 21
is a plan of the same.
Figure 22 is a longitudinal section of the spool case; Figure 23 is an end view of
the same; Figure 24 is a transverse section of the same.
Figure 25 is a longitudinal section of the outer case of the spool holder, showing
the thread hook or looper.
Figure 26 is a detail front view of outer case.
Figure 27 is a detail side view of needle bar; Figure 28 is an end view of the
same.
Figures 29 and 30 are detail views of the needle.
Figure 31 is a detail bottom view of the cloth table, with parts removed; Figure
32 is a longitudinal section of same.
The following Figures show modifications of the Invention:-
Figure 33 is a side view of the operating parts (similar to Figure 11).
Figure 34 is an end view of the needle bar and operating lever.
Figure 35 is a side view of the pitman of the vibrating arm.
Figure 36 is a detail side view of the spool case holder, driving gear, and feed
bar.
Figure 37 is a view partly in section and partly in elevation of the spool case
holder and spool case; Figure 38 is an end view of the same.
Figure 39 is a detail top view of the spool case, showing the termination of its
annular projecting rim.
Figure 40 is a perspective view of feed bar.
Figure 41 is a perspective view of spool shaft and spring attachment.
Figure 42 is a top view of the bottom plate of the cloth table.
Figure 43 is a section through the cloth plate.
Figure 44 is a bottom view of the top plate of the cloth table.
Figure 45 is an end view of bottom plate shown in Figure 42.
The stand or table will first be described. A, A, are upright leg frames, which
stand upon the floor, and whose upper ends consist of dovetails A¹, which engage in
suitable recesses in the under side of the table top B. The construction is such that
the dovetails may be made to enter the recesses when the lower ends of the legs
are inclined outward, and when the legs are vertical the dovetails bind tightly in
the recesses; C is a brace frame, which has four arms C³, each of which ends in a
cylindrical lug 09, which fits in a cavity of the cross bar A³ of the leg A. The
brace frame C has at the centre a horizontal ring C³, through which passes the

page_text: pitman. The lower ends of the frame legs A, A, are held together by tie rods D; D',
whose ends are formed into hooks D that engage the legs A, A; as shown most
plainly in Figure 10. By the application of these tie rods the leg frames are held
tightly against the brace frame C, and the dovetails A¹ bound in their recesses in
the top B. Thus when the ties D, D₁ are disengaged froth the lower parts of the
legs A, A, the said legs may be spread outward from each other at the feet, and
this disengages the brace frame C, and loosens the dovetails A¹ in their cavities so
that they can be drawn therefrom.
As a modification the dovetails A¹ may be made to loosen in their recesses by
moving the feet inward instead of outward, and the ties and braces would be
modified to accord therewith. E is the foot tread or sandal hinged on the bar D;
E is a bar, whose forward end has a recess E' fitting the bottom of the tie bar D,
and whose other end has a concavity or socket E3 forming the lower member of the
socket of the ball-and-socket joint at the lower end of the pitman F; F³. The
sandal and bar E¹ are held together by a single screw E, as shown. The upper
member of the socket of foot joint of the pitman is in the sandal, and consists of a
concavity E with a slot E extending outward from the socket, through which the
shank of the pitman may be passed in disconnecting the pitman from the
sandal.
The pitman is divided longitudinally into two portions (as shown in Figures 6
and 7) fitted together with rib and groove running the whole length of the pitman:
The rear part F of the pitman hooks at F¹ over the upper half of the crank wrist G¹,
and its lower end forms at F8 the main part of the upper half of the ball-and-socket
joint at the sandal. The front part F3 of the pitman surrounds at F the lower
half of the crank wrist, and at its lower end F3 constitutes the lower part of the ball
of the sandal joint.
It will be understood that by tightening up the screw E all lost motion can be
taken up or prevented in both the top and bottom bearings of the pitman, because
the rear end of the bar E¹ may by pressure of the screw Ĕ be made to lift up the
bearing F against the crank pin or wrist G¹, and at the same time the socket is
contracted vertically, the effect of the screw being to slide the part F³ of the
pitman upward on the part F; G is the main shaft turning in bearings H' at the
lower ends of the hanger H, H; G¹ is the crank or crank wrist upon shaft G.
This wrist is made globular to accommodate to oscillatory movement at the lower
end of the pitman caused by the movement of the sandal when the shaft is in any
other position than at right angles with the plane of said oscillation. The ball joint
at the bottom of the pitman accommodates the oscillatory movement of the upper
end of the pitman (caused by the crank) in whatever direction the said oscillation
may be. The ball joint also allows the turntable to be turned, and the head works
to be operated when in any position.
The hanger H, H, is attached to the bottom of the turntable I; said hanger
consists of two counterpart portions H and H secured together by screws H³, so
that their lower ends close upon the shaft G, as shown in Figure 8, and form the
bearing boxes H¹ of the shaft. The screwing up of the lower screws H³ will draw
together the boxes H on the shaft to compensate for wear of the bearings. The
parts H, H, are not made to be originally quite in contact, so that allowance is
thus made for the tightening up of the boxes. One end of the shaft G carries a
balance wheel G³, which is grooved to receive the belt G³. The hanger H, H, is
supported by a projection or cleat at the under side of the turntable I at the centre
of the same, having opposite vertical sides I¹, I', and curved I, I³, the latter con-
centric with the turntable, and having a dovetail bevel so as to engage lugs H³, H³,
inside the cup-formed top of the hanger.
In attaching the hanger to the turntable the lugs H2 are placed in juxtaposition
to the flat sides I¹ of the cleat, and the edge of the cup brought in contact with
the lower surface of the turntable; then the hanger is turned one-fourth round,
which locks the lugs H2 on the dovetails I. The upper one of the screws H³ is
then screwed up, and the hanger is secured firmly in position. Just inside the

page_text: outer rim of the turntable is a narrow circular opening or slot I*, through which
the hemispherical cover is drawn up to cover the upper works of the machine.
This cover consists of four sections or plates J, J, J, J, two on each side pivotted
together at the corners, so as to slide and lap past each other on being lowered
down. The turning pins or pivots J2 of these sections are in ears or brackets J¹
that are bent downward and form the connections between the central part of the
turntable and its rim I'; these ears or brackets J also form the stops or rests of
the cover plates J when in their lower position (beneath the level of the table top).
The turntable has an opening I through its top to receive the hand wheel and
other parts of the upper works.
The bed piece of the cloth plate and fixed or bracket arm are cast together in
two counterpart pieces connected together by a vertical longitudinal joint, and the
bearings of the main shaft of the upper works of the needle bar and other parts are
made in the inner faces of these parts K, K¹. These parts (K, K¹) are secured
together by transverse screws L; M, M¹, are the bearings of the main shaft N,
which is turned by the belt G³ upon the pulleys N¹ and G³. The bearing M has a
recess M² to receive cam collars N2 and N³ of the shaft, said cams operating the
feed bar or slider. At one end of the main shaft N is the hand wheel N', and at
the other end is the spool holder cup O; this cup has at the edge the thread hook P,
which takes one side of the needle loop of the thread, and carries the loop down
and beneath the under spool. This hook is supported upon a spring P¹ to allow it
to accommodate itself to the position of the needle, and just before the hook on the
hook piece is an inclined surface or edge P2, which comes in contact with the
needle, and insures the proper relative positions of the hook and needle as the hook
passes through the recess in the side of the needle; said incline is denominated
the needle guard, and it extends past and beneath the point of the hook to
prevent the hook catching the needle, and bending or breaking it.
The spool holder consists of a ring case Q, open at one side, having a peripheral
rib Q¹ fitting in a groove at the edge of the cup. The sides of this holder are
made broad at Q2 (contiguous to the heads of the spool) so as to carry the loop of
thread (which is drawn over the case) clear of the ends or heads of the spool.
The loop hook is so arranged that the loop is held open by it in such a manner
that as the loop is carried around the circumference of the holder the rib Q¹
divides the loop, and the loop is opened so that it passes around the holder and
the under spool within it. The holder is held in place in the cup by its flexibility
as it springs outward and holds its rib Q¹ in the groove O¹, just inside the edge of
the cup O. At one side of the holder is a tension nipper through which the under
thread passes after passing through an open eye Q³. The nipper consists of a
fixed jaw Q and a spring jaw Q A downwardly inclined pin Q extends from
the fixed jaw and passes loosely through an eye in the spring jaw. The thread
passes beneath this pin, and the purpose of the pin is to prevent the escape of the
thread from the nippers.
The tension of the nippers is regulated by a sliding piece Q7 which bears
against the side of the spring jaw Q, and which moves in an inclined slot Q³, so
that by moving endwise in the slot it may be made to press with greater or less
force against the spring jaw.
The
The lower spool is upon a pin R, one end of which is attached to a curved
spring R¹, whose ends R³ are formed into pivots, on which the spring and pin
turn, and which are sprung outward into pivot holes in the holder.
0 arrangement is such that the spool arbor or pin R may be turned out on the
pivots R2 so that a spool can be removed from or placed upon it. R³ is a catch
on the inside of the holder which engages the free end of the arbor (R) to hold
it in working position diametric to the holder. The spring R¹ has sufficient
flexibility to allow the arbor to be sprung to one side in a direction at right angles
5 to its plane of oscillation upon the pivots R2 so as to enable its end to be freed
from the catch. As the cup O rotates the holder is held at rest by the tension
nipper which passes through a slot S2 in the head S¹ of the feed slider S. s is a

page_text: notch in the side of the slot S2 which receives the thread and prevents its
abrasion between the tension nipper and the side of the slot S2. The heel of the
feed slider has a cylindrical bearing lug S³, which has bearing in recesses K2 of the
parts K, K', this bearing allowing to the slider a limited endwise and oscillatory
movement.
The forward endwise motion is imparted by the cam N2 acting on a lug S, the
cam being on the shaft N. The rearward motion of the slider is caused by a
spring S. The slider has an upwardly extending lug Se, in which is pivotted a
bell-crank lever S7, through whose longer end screws a temper screw S8 having
bearing in a forked lug S. By means of the screw S8 the lever S7 is regulated so
as to adjust the position of the wedge-shaped toe S10. The inclined side of this
toe, when the slider is pushed forward, acts on the side of one of the four (or more)
slots T¹ of the feed plate T to cause the plate to turn in its bearings in the cloth
plate, and as it (the cloth plate) turns a pin T2 projecting from its upper side and
engaging in opening Us in the feed bar U causes the bar to turn on its pivot U*,
and this carries the feed ratchet U₁ forward. The feed ratchet bar and plate are
carried back by a spring U2 at the side of the ratchet bar. The plate T may have
as many slots Tas may be desired to enable the feed to be varied in as many
directions. The ratchet bar is pivotted at its outer end, and is so formed as to
spring down from the cloth plate when the pressure beneath it of the slider head
S¹ ceases so as to disengage the ratchet from the cloth. The slider head is caused
to press upward (to raise the ratchet bar) when it is moving forward by the
eccentric cam N³ on shaft N.
The feed plate has a circular bearing V1 at the under side of the cloth plate V.
The cloth plate has openings V2 for the needle and Vs for the feed ratchet. The
periphery of the cloth plate is turned down in a flange V, on whose inner side is a
groove V to receive and hold the edge of the ring keeper W. This keeper consists
of an open ring, which is sprung into place in the cloth plate, its outward spring
holding its edge in the groove V. At the ends of the keeper are semicircular
lugs W, which have bearing in a socket K³ of the bed plate.
The feed slider S has bearing between the lugs W1 W2 is a steady pin pro-
jecting downward from the keeper ring at the opposite side from the lugs W¹, and
engaging in a hole W3 in the bed plate to hold the cloth plate steadily in position.
By lifting up the cloth plate sufficiently to clear the pin W2 from its hole the cloth
plate may be turned round on its lugs W¹ as a pivot to expose the under spool and
other parts. At the edge of the keeper ring is a spring catch W, which engages
in one of four notches V in the side of the groove V so as to hold the cloth plate
(and with it the feed plate) in any one of the four positions in which one of the
marginal slots T¹ will be in conjuction with the inclined toe S10 of the slider.
This construction allows the machine to feed in any one of four directions by the
mere turning of the cloth plate upon the keeper ring W, the catch W' drawing
the notch V when the cloth plate is turned with moderate force and engaging in
the next notch as the cloth plate is turned so as to bring it to the same.
Where it is desired that the machine should be capable of feeding in more than
four directions it is done by increasing the number of slots T¹ and notches VⓇ.
X is a crank on the shaft N, the wrist of the crank being make convex or globular;
Y, Y, are counterpart bars which are secured together upon the crank X to form
the pitman extending from the crank to the rear end of the lever arm Z by which
the needle bar a is operated. The bars Y have at both ends hemispherical sockets
forming respectively bearings for the crank X and for the ball Z¹ at the rear end
of the lever arm Z. The purpose of the globular bearings of the pitman is to
accommodate the compound oscillation of the pitman, the oscillation of one end
being at right angles to that at the other. The bars Y, Y, are held together by a
screw Y¹, so as to clamp their socket bearings on the ball bearings X and Z'. The
lever Z has side bearing lugs Z2, which have bearing in the sides of the parts K, K¹,
of the fixed arm. The free end of the lever Z has a cylindrical socket Z³ to
receive the ball a' at the top of the needle bar. The lower side of the socket Z³

page_text: is slotted at Z to receive the flattened part a² of the shank of the needle bar; this
flattened part working in the slot as the bar is carried up and down and preventing
the turning of the bar on its axis. The lower end of the needle bar is slotted
diametrically at a³, and the sides of the slot have axial grooves a to hold the
shank c of the needle. The head c¹ of the needle is spherical and fits in a socket a
of the needle bar.
In applying the needle its point is inserted from the off slide of the slot and
drawn through till the round head c¹ rests in the socket ab, when the position of
the needle is changed from its horizontal to a vertical position by pressing the
point of the needle downward until the shank falls into the grooves a*, and the
needle is held in place by the groove jaws a springing inward upon it. The needle c
is straight, and one side has a recess c just above the eye, which leaves a space
behind the thread on that side that the point of the hook P enters in engaging
the loop. The shank of the needle is flattened at c³ to prevent its turning.
The needle bar has bearing in the presser foot bar d, which is made tubular to
allow the needle bar to pass axially through it, and the presser foot bar is supported
vertically in the head of the arm of the fixed arm; the head consisting of
counterpart portions forming parts of the castings K, K¹, and recessed on the
inner side to form the bearings of the presser foot bar and of the spiral spring 6,
whose lower end bears against a collar d¹ of the said bar, and whose upper end
bears against a shoulder at the upper end of the recess ³, in which the collar d¹
and the spring e are contained.
The presser foot bar has vertical grooves d² to receive a feather k' projecting
from the inner side of the recess to prevent the bar d from turning. There may
be three or more of these grooves to allow the position of the presser foot to be
changed, so that its toe may project in any required direction as the direction of
the feed is changed. To change the direction of the presser foot it is pushed up in
the head until the groove d² is above the feather * when it may be turned to
bring another of the grooves in connection with the feather, when on releasing the
d³
presser foot from upward pressure it descends by gravity aided by the spring e.
is a circumferential groove in the bar & receiving the toe fl of the lever f. This
lever is fulcrumed at f2, and by it the presser foot may be raised by a cam lever g
which is fulcrumed at g¹ and whose toe gi may be made to press against the under
side of the lever f to lift the toe and with it the presser foot d³ so as to raise the
latter from the cloth.
The cam lever is so constructed as to remain in whichever of the two positions in
which it may be placed. The upper spool jis placed upon a stand pin i, whose
lower end is screw threaded, and passing through the upper member h of the
tension spring screws into the lower member h¹ of said spring, so that by turning
the screw down the top leaf h may be made to press with greater force upon the
bottom leaf h; and as the thread 7 passes between the leaves (h, k) the tension
of the thread may be regulated by this screw. The thread passes from the spool
first through an eye h³ in the upper leaf h; the eye being slotted out to the edge
at ³ for convenience in insertion of the thread. From the tension bearing at h*
the thread passes through an open topped eye h³ to the eye m¹ in the end of the
take-up lever m. This lever is fulcrumed at m² in the parts K, K1, and it is oscillated
by cam n on the main shaft N (of the head). The cam acts on a foot m* of a
pitman m³, and by pressing the foot upward considerable movement is imparted to
the free end of the lever, so as to take up the necessary amount of thread, the free
end of the lever being many times longer than the other end. The foot m' is held
to its bearing by a fork mo which straddles the shaft besides the cam.
From the eye m¹ of the take-up lever the thread extends through eyes h³, ho,
and h, to the eye Z³ at the lower end of the lever Z, and so to the needle eye.
It will be seen that all the motions of the upper works are actuated by the
shaft N, the crank and cams by which the needle arm, feed, and take-up, are
impelled, being cast upon the shaft, and as the loop hook P is fixed to the shaft
there is no possibility of any of the motions getting out of time with others, as is

page_text: the case in machines where the actuating parts are adjustable as to time or liable
to become loose from any cause. These remarks apply equally to the feed as to the
other motions; because the feed though adjustable as to distance of travel
(governing length of stitch) is not adjustable as to time relatively with the other
movements.
Another advantage resulting from the casting of the cams and crank with the
shaft, is that the mechanism is produced much cheaper than if the parts were made
in separate pieces and fitted together subsequently. By casting the head K, K¹,
the hanger H, H, and the pitman Y, Y, in counterpart pieces, ready means are
provided for taking up lost motion or looseness in the bearings of the working parts
by simply tightening up the screws by which the parts are held together (the
journal and fulcrum bearings being made in the adjacent faces of the parts, and the
fulcrum pins being made conical).
The whole machine can be resolved into parts by the extraction of four screws.
To take the table apart it is only necessary to remove the screw E, when the
lower end of the pitman may be drawn back out of its socket, and the parts E, E¹,
may be separated from each other and the crank G¹. The tie bars D, D, may then
be removed and the leg frames A, A, may be spread asunder to free their upper
ends A¹ from the table top B.
The arrangement of the working parts is such that the loop is taken by the
hook P, while the needle is descending (the notch c² allowing this as the hook passes
within the thread at the notch), so that by the time the needle has reached the
lowest point of descent and returned the one-eighth to three-sixteenths of an inch
(as in all other lock stitch machines to throw the loop ready to be taken), the
hook has carried the loop one-quarter round the spool case, and half the distance to
be travelled till the loop is ready to take up, thereby obviating the friction and
counterstrain common in the ordinary machine, and so hard on the thread causing
irregular sewing and thread breaking. This time secured in the travel of the loop
also gives ample time for the take-up to act and be ready for making the next
stitch without sacrificing any of the time or speed of the machine, and saving much
power uselessly expended in overcoming the loss by the irregular motions in other
machines to allow the passage of the shuttle through the loop, in a few words the
making and completing of the stitch without sacrifice of regular motion and
without friction of the thread. It will be seen that the loop passes over and escapes
from the spool holder with the greatest ease, as there is no abrupt projection upon
the holder to check the escape of the thread loop.
The modifications are shown in Figures 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43,
44 and 45. An eccentric X, as shown in Figures 33 and 35 is used, instead of the
crank shown in Figure 11 to impart motion to the lever Z that operates the needle
bar. In Figures 33 and 36 the main shaft N is provided with an internal gear
wheel N which drives a pinion on a countershaft No which carries the spool case
holder O. The thread hook P which carries the loop downward underneath the
lower spool forms in this case part of the spool holder cup 0; the thread from the
lower spool in this modification passes through eye Q³ and eye Q³ in the
projection Q of the spool case.
In the modification of the feed and cloth plate, shewn in Figures 42, 43, 44,
and 45, the feed is performed by feed wheels U, the shafts of which carry bevel
pinions U gearing with and driven by the bevel Ue formed on the top of the semi-
rotary feed plate T. Motion is communicated to the feed plate T by the following
means-N is a cam formed inside the gear wheel N³; this cam imparts a
reciprocatory motion to the feed bar S, and the bar has a ball 8 formed on its forward
end which engages in the tubular end of a lever 8¹, which lever is pivotted by a
central spherical projection 83 in the tubular lug W¹. The top end of this lever
operates the arm 8³ carrying a pivotted arm 8* having a projecting dogs which lies
in an annular recess 8 in the feed plate T, and engages against the sides of the
recess on the backward movement of the arm 83 (caused by the forward movement
of the feed bar S), and imparts rotary motion to the feed plate. On the forward.

page_text: movement of the arm &³, the dog disengages from the sides of the recess and does
not impart any motion to the feed plate T; 87 is a spring for causing the return
movement of the arm 83; 88 is a spring to hold the dog 8 and arm 83 in proper
position.
The adjustment of the feed of the feed rolls is accomplished by increasing the
throw of the lever s¹, and for this purpose an adjusting screw passes through a
sliding nut arranged in an oblong slot in the feed bar S, so that by raising or
lowering the outer end of said bar S by the set screw, the ball approaches or recedes
from the fulcrum of the lever, and the throw of the lever is increased or diminished
as the case may be.
The cloth plate V is free to be turned in any direction in order to have the
machine "feed" in any direction required, and is secured in position by the spring
tongue or catch W* of the keeper ring W, engaging in one of the series of holes V
of cloth plate.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the mode in
which the same is carried into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is,―
First. The top B of the table or stand, having recesses suitably formed to receive
the dovetails A when the leg frames A are inclined, and to clamp the dovetails in
the recesses when the frames are vertical, substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination with the leg frames A of the brace frame C with a
central ring C³ for the passage of the pitman E, substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination of leg frames A, brace frame C, and tie rods D, D¹, sub-
stantially as set forth.
Fourth. The bar E¹ connected between the ends of the sandal E, and whose
ends have bearing respectively beneath the bearing bar D of the sandal, and the
lower end Fs of the pitman, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The sandal provided at the rear with the hemispherical bearing E³ for the
ball F, F, of the pitman, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. In combination with the pitman F, F³, and socket bearing F³, the slot Fo
for the introduction and removal of the pitman to and from its bearing in the
sandal, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Seventh. The ball bearing of the pitman, consisting of a lower part F³ aud an
upper part F, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Eighth. The pitman consisting of the two parts F, F1, F2, and F3, F4, F³, fitted
together with a longitudinal rib and groove joint capable of movement in relation
to each other to compensate for wear of bearings, substantially as set forth.
Ninth. The parts F, F, at the top of the pitman, having concave or hollow.
bearing surfaces for the convex crank wrist G¹, substantially as set forth.
Tenth. The combination of socket bearing E³, E³, ball bearing F, F³, of pitman
F, F3, with divided stem, upper hollow bearing F, F, and globular crank wrist G¹,
substantially as set forth.
Eleventh. In combination with the bearings F, F, G, and F, F³, E³, E³, I claim
the bar El and adjusting screw E, by which all lost motion may be eliminated from
the bearings, substantially as set forth.
Twelfth. The hanger H cast in two counterpart portions, which fit together
upon the shaft G, and the suspension lug 11, 12, of the turntable, substantially as set
forth.
Thirteenth. The combination of hanger cast in counterpart pieces, with boxes
H³, H', shaft G, and screws H³, holding the parts of the box together upon the
supporting lug 11, 12, and the shaft G, substantially as set forth.
Fourteenth. The combination of banger H made in counterpart portions and
cleat I, I, beneath the turntable I, substantially as set forth.
Fifteenth. In combination with the table B of a sewing machine, the turntable
I supporting the upper works of the machine, and arranged to be turned in any
direction, so that the upper works may be operated in any position.
:
Sixteenth. The combination of turntable I, hanger H, pitman F, F³, and sandal E,

page_text: wim wall and socket Dearing between the pitman and sandal, allowing the rotary
movement of the turntable without affecting the pitman bearing in the sandal, sub-
stantially as set forth.
Seventeenth. The turntable I having peripheral bearing on the table, substan-
tially as set forth.
Eighteenth. In combination with the turntable I the cover made of curved
section plates J lapping past each other, and occupying slot I* constructed and
arranged to operate substantially as set forth.
Nineteenth. In combination with the turntable I and sectional cover J, the
brackets J¹ connecting the parts of the turntable and forming the pivot bearings
and rests of the cover sections, substantially as set forth.
Twentieth. The bed piece of the cloth plate and the bracket or fixed arm cast in
counterpart sections K, K¹, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-first. The combination of the castings K and K¹ with the shaft N, the
latter having journal bearing in the inner faces of said castings, substantially as
set forth.
Twenty-second. The described combination of the parts K, K¹, and the oscillatory
arm Z.
Twenty-third. The described combination of the parts K, K¹, and the presser
foot bar d.
Twenty-fourth. The shaft N having a globular crank wrist X for the lower end
of the pitman Y, Y, as and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty-fifth. The pitman made in two counterpart portions Y, Y, held together
upon the bearing X, Z¹, by the screw V₁, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-sixth. The oscillating arm Z having trunnion bearing Z³ in the castings
K, K¹, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-seventh. The socket Z³ slotted at the lower side in combination with the
ball at the upper end of needle bar to allow the longitudinal movement of the
ball in the socket, and prevent rotary movement of said bar, substantially as set
forth.
Twenty-eighth. The combination of circular needle bar and tubular presser foot
bar d, permitting the turning adjustment of the presser foot without affecting the
position of the needle bar and without affecting the relative position of the needle
and presser foot, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-ninth. The provision in a needle c of globular head c¹, allowing the
needle to be readily inserted in the needle bar, and secured by simply turning down
vertically, substantially as set forth.
Thirtieth. The provision in the needle of the side recess for the passage of the
hook P, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-first. The spring P¹, as and for the purpose set forth.
Thirty-second. The combination of the needle driving crank wrist X, loop hook P,
spring P¹, guard P2, and recess in needle C, to cause the thread loop to be taken in
the descent of the needle instead of in the ascent of same, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
Thirty-third. The rigid construction in one and the same piece of the shaft N,
the crank wrist X, the take-up cam m³, the feed cams n³, n³, and the cup O, so that
all parts have a positive motion relatively to each other substantially as set forth.
Thirty-fourth. The combination of the working parts of the head in one vertical
longitudinal plane with the division of the bed frame K, K¹, in the same plane to
allow all said parts to be placed in position or removed with the use of no other
screws, rivets, or pins than those necessary to hold said counterpart bed frames
together.
Thirty-fifth. The tubular presser foot bar d with circumferential groove d³ to
receive the toe of the lifting lever f in all positions of said bar.
Thirty-sixth. The combination of bar d with groove d¹, lever f, and cam lever g,
constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Thirty-seventh. The combination with the tubular presser foot bar d of the

page_text: collar d, spring 6, in recess ³, constructed and operating substantially as set
forth.
Thirty-eighth. The combination in the tubular presser foot bar of the key
grooves d and the feather key at side of recess ³, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-ninth. The loop hook P upon spring P¹ to allow adjustment to position of
the needle, substantially as set forth.
Fortieth. In combination with the spring hook P the incline or guard P² to guide
the hook by contact with the needle to prevent injury to those parts by the impact
of the hook against the needle, substantially as set forth.
Forty-first. The guard P³ projecting past and beneath or above the hook P, for
the purpose specified.
Forty-second. The combination with the main head shaft N of spool cup O fixed
at the end of the shaft, and carrying the spring hook P, substantially as set
forth.
Forty-third. In combination with the spool cup O, the spool ring or case Q
eprung into the cup O, and remaining at rest while the cup rotates, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
Forty-fourth. The annular rim Q on spool case, cut out at top, in combination
with the annular groove O¹ in spool cup, for the purpose specified.
Forty-fifth. The spool arbor R in combination with curved spring R¹ pivotted at
the ends R³ in the spaol ring Q, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Forty-sixth. In combination with the arbor R, supported on a pivotted spring R¹,
the catch Rs, as and for the purpose set forth.
Forty-seventh. The tension nipper Q, Q, with adjusting slider Q', moveable in
inclined slot Qs, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Forth-eighth. In combination with the elements Q, Q, Q, Q, the thread
retainer pin Q, substantially as set forth.
Forty-ninth. The tension nipper Q, Q, in combination with the feed slider S,
the latter having an orifice S2, through which the nipper passes to hold the spool
holder at rest while the holder cup O rotates, substantially as set forth.
Fiftieth. The notch 8 in the side of orifices, for the purpose specified.
Fifty-first. The slider S in combination with the cams N2 and N³ of the shaft N,
giving the forward and upward motion to the head S¹ of the slider, substantially as
set forth.
Fifty-second. The combination in the slider of the toe S10 with arm S7 and
adjusting screw SB, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fifty-third. The combination with the feed slider S of the cams N2, N3, and
spring So, causing the forward, and upward, and backward movements of the slider,
substantially as set forth.
Fifty-fourth. The feed plate T with bearing in the cloth plate, and having
marginal slots T¹ in combination with the toe S10, causing the slight rotary motion
of the plate, substantially as set forth.
Fifty-fifth. The combination of plate T, pin Ts, feed lever U, with feed ratchet U¹
upon its end, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
Fifty-sixth. In combination with lever U and feed plate T, the spring U³,
causing their return movement after the action of the toe S10 upon them, substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fifty-seventh. The keeper ring W, having bearing W, W₁, in the castings K, K¹,
so as to swing around (with the cloth plate) to expose the under spool holder, and
allowing the cloth plate and other parts to be lifted from base plate without affecting
the working parts, substantially as set forth.
Fifty-eighth. The combination of the keeper ring W and cloth plate V when the
former has marginal bearing in groove Vs in the latter, substantially as set forth.
Fifty-ninth. The keeper ring having spring catch W' engaging in suitable notches
in the groove V8, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
TR

page_text: Sixtieth. The combination of take-up lever m, pitman m³, and cam n, constructed
and operating substantially as set forth.
Sixty-first. The tension spring h with adjusting screw ¹, constructed and
operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
.
Sixty-second. In combination with the tension spring h and screw i¹, the thread
cyes h³, ho, ho, and h7, all substantially as set forth.
Sixty-third. The tension spring h provided with thread eyes h³, h³, h, and h³,
substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our 1
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.