IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cleland Davidson, of Belfast, in the County of
Antrim, Ireland, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
OR HEATING APPARATUS."
Sealed the 11th June 1878, and dated the 15th December 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cleland Davidson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December 1877.
SAMUEL CLELAND DAVIDSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS."
My Invention consists in constructing stoves or heating apparatus of a series of
plates with a bight or opening in one side, and with flanges round the edges so that
when bolted or otherwise fastened together they form a fire-place and flue within
the bight or opening and flat vertical chambers between the plates and flanges, such
chambers extending over the top and down each side of the fire. In the flanges of
each alternate plate 1 form an opening or openings at the top, so that the hot gases
pass direct into each alternate chamber, and dividing pass down each side of the
fire into the flue, which occupies the portion of the bight below the ash plate and
leads to the chimney. In the flanges of the other alternate plates I form inlet and
outlet openings, preferably at the lower external corners and at the top, so that air
may enter and pass through the other alternate chambers. This air thus becomes
heated, and may be utilized for warming rooms or for other heating or drying
purposes.
The fire bars I prefer to be carried on a metal framing, which is supported on
studs or projections on the flanges of the plates, while the plate which divides the
ash-pit from the flue is carried on similar studs or projections.
The stove or apparatus may be enclosed by a brickwork casing or otherwise

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Samuel Cleland Davidson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th June 1878.
SAMUEL CLELAND DAVIDSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland, Gen-
tleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS."
My Invention consists in constructing stoves or heating apparatus of a series of
plates with a bight or opening in one side, and with flanges round the edges, so
that when bolted or otherwise fastened together they form a fire-place and flue
within the bight or opening and flat vertical chambers between the plates and
flanges, such chambers extending over the top and down each side of the fire In
the flanges of each alternate plate I form an opening or openings at the top of the
fire-place, so that the hot gases pass direct into each alternate chamber, and dividing
pass down each side of the fire into the flue which occupies the portion of the bight
below the ash plate and leads to the chimney. In the flanges of the other alter-
nate plates I form inlet and outlet openings, preferably at the lower external corners
and at the top, so that air may enter and pass through the other alternate chambers.
This air thus becomes heated, and may be utilized for 'warming rooms or for other
heating or drying purposes.
The fire-bars I prefer to be carried on a metal framing, which is supported on
studs or projections on the flanges of the plates, while the plate which divides the
ash-pit from the flue is carried on similar studs or projections
The stove or apparatus may be enclosed by a brickwork casing or otherwise.
My improved stove or apparatus is represented in the annexed Drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the stove through one of the chambers for heating
the air, and Figure 2 is a similar section through one of the chambers though
which the hot gases from the fire pass. These sections shew the arrangement and
construction of the plates forming the stove, and also the position of the fire-place,
ash-pit, and flue to chimney.
A, A, in Figure 1, and B, B, in Figure 2, represent the alternate plates, the flanges
round the inner and outer edge being indicated by double lines, and marked a, a,
and b, b, respectively. c, c, c, c, are bolt holes; these are surrounded by the flanges
forming bosses for the bolts, which pass through the plates, to fasten them
together.
C, C, in Figure 1, represent the inlet openings in the flanges of the plates A for
admitting air to the alternate chambers, and D, D, are openings to allow the air
after having been heated to issue from the apparatus into an apartment or other-
wise.
E, Figure 2, represents an opening in the flange of the plates B to allow the hot
gases from the fire to pass into the other alternate chambers; these gases dividing
pass down each side of the fire as indicated by the arrows, and escape through
openings G into the flue K.
The position of the bolt holes and of the several openings in the flanges of the
plates A and B may be varied to suit circumstances.
Each of the plates A and B has a bight at the lower side, as shewn, and the
upper portion of these bights forms the fire-place H, while the lower portion forms
the flue K. N represents the fire-bars, which are carried on a metal framing, sup-
ported on studs n, n, projecting from the flanges of the plates A, B. J is the ash-
pit, and L is a movable plato separating the ash-pit from the flue K, and serving as
an ash-pan to the fire. This plate L is carried on studs ,, projecting from the
flanges of the plates A, B. W is a brickwork casing for the stove to check loss of
heat by radiation, but any other suitable non-conducting material may be used.
Figure 3 represents a metal plate for closing in the last chamber formed by the
flanged plates already described; and Figure 4 represents a metal plate for closing
the back end of the fire-place and ash-pit, leaving the flue space underneath open
for the exit of the smoke.

page_text: Figure 5 is a horizontal section through the stove, and Figure 6 a vertical
section from front to back. These two sections shew clearly the order in which the
plates are arranged in constructing the stove.
The plates marked 1 in these Figures are constructed as shewn in Figure
1, and similarly those marked 2, 3, and 4 correspond respectively to those in
Figures 2, 3, and 4. Figures 5 and 6 therefore explain, without further
description, the order and arrangement of fastening the plates together to form
the stove or heating apparatus. These Figures further shew in horizontal and
vertical sections the mouth-piece which is attached to the front of the fire-place,
and to which are fastened the doors for the fire-place and for the flue underneath.
These Figures also shew the metal framing and dead plate M for carrying the fire-
bars.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,—
The general arrangement and construction of the stove or heating apparatus as
herein-before described.
And I claim as a particular part of the novelty therein the use of a series of metal
plates having a bight cut into one side of them, and flanges round the edges to form
when bolted or otherwise fastened together a fire-place within the bight, and
chambers between the plates and flanges, and having openings in the flanges to form
these chambers in alternate order into flues for the products of combustion from the
fire and chambers for heating air.
And I claim as another part of the novelty in construction of the stove or
apparatus, the having of the general flue for carrying off the products of combustion
from the smoke chambers situated underneath the ash-plate of the fire-place, and in
the lower part of the bight in the plates, all substantially as herein-before described
and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cleland Davidson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-eight.
S. C. DAVIDSON. (L.S.)