A Kiln Furnace or Oven for Ceramics.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1899-Accepted, 29th July, 1899
A Kiln Furnace or Oven for Ceramics.
I, ERNST KAY BERNHARD ROHARDT, Director of Works, and FRIEDRICH ALBERT
TEIFKE, Foreman, both of Cetersen, Pinneberger-Chaussee, Moorrege, near
Uetersen, Schleswig-Holstein, in the German Empire, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a kiln furnace or burning oven for ceramics and has
for its object the burning of such articles by radiating heat only, so that the
objects to be burnt do not come at all in contact with the flame and gases of
combustion, whereby the burning is effected much cleaner and evenly, and with
much less waste than is the case otherwise.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, we now proceed
to describe how the same may be carried into effect, reference being had to the
Like
accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
letters refer to like parts in the various figures.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through an oven or furnace constructed
according to this invention
Figure 2 shows a transverse section therethrough.
Figures 3 and 4 show details.
A chamber a for the reception of the articles to be burnt, completely closed
against the flame and gases of combustion, consists preferably of fire proof plates
or slabs selected as thin as possible, so that the heat may pass as quickly as
possible. The chamber a is surrounded by the fire and smoke flues, which are
arranged so that the flame and hot gases proceeding from the grate pass, below
the chamber a, through several flues c into a flue or chamber d at the back of
the chamber a, from which they pass through side flues to return to the front
into a chamber g, whence they pass over the top of the chamber a to the uptake i.
In order to produce sufficient circulation of air in the chamber a, air suction
pipes are provided in the front of the furnace, in which the air passing to the
chamber is heated through the hot wall and gases surrounding the pipe or pipes.
The moist air or vapours escape from the chamber a by an exit m carried through
the flue & into an open air flue /.
The circulation of air may be regulated by a slide o inserted into the flue 1,
which latter ends in adjustable exit or suction tubes k.
The wall or partition, which separates the smoke flue or chamber y from the
flue e may be formed as a slide p, so that, if desired, the gases may pass direct
to the uptake over the top of the chamber a, instead of passing also below, at
the back and sides thereof.
The action of the oven will be obvious from the beforegoing description. The
hot fire gases give up their greatest heat to the bottom of the chamber a, over
which the heavy cold air is collected; they then pass to the back of the chamber,
along the sides, front and top of the chamber, in order to escape through the
uptake i after having given up their available heat. The burning of the articles
in the chamber a will thus be very clean, and the circulation of air may be

page_text: regulated according to experience or experiment, so as to allow for the greater
or less amount of moisture contained in the goods to be burnt.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim
18:-
1st. A kiln furnace or oven for ceramics in which the flame and gases have to
pass through flues (c, d, f, g, h,) in order to act successively on the greatest possible
surface of a burning chamber (7) closed to such flame and gases, before the
latter pass to an uptake i; the circulation of air in the chamber a being effected
by the introduction of preliminary heated air thereinto and the escape of air
and vapour therefrom, in order to expose the articles to be burnt to radiating
heat only, which may be obtained to the largest possible extent by the long
passage the fire gases have to make around, and their consequent long contact
with the chamber, substantially as described.
2nd. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 having a slide (p) in a smoke flue or
chamber (g) so that the gases may pass to the uptake (i) by the shortest route,
substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of May 1899
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicants.