Improvements in and relating to Stoves and Cooking Ranges.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Stoves and Cooking Ranges.
:
We, WILLIAM MORRISON and JOHN. BAIRD, trading together at the Dorrator
Iron Works, Falkirk, in the County. of Stirling, North Britain, Ironfounders,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It relates to stoves and cooking ranges and has for its objects:-
To adapt the stove or range for being used with an open top to the fire or a
closed one alternately; for the vertical dimensions of its fire space being varied
as required, and for its fire being made quick or slow in combustion; for cleaning
the ashes out of the fire or completely discharging the cinders from the fire space
into the ash box beneath it; to combine a toasting rack and bracket shelf with
its pudding stand and for combining a boiler oven or hot closet with a portable
flue and for operating the damper thereof; also to provide an improved series of
dampers within the flue pipe and a new method and means of embellishing the
outside of it.
In carrying out this invention a portable flue is constructed as hereafter
described and adapted for moving upon the hob plate behind the fire and for
passing backward and forward through an aperture in the cove, skirting or
chiinney plate of the stove or range to the rear of the back flue or forward towards
and above the fire space. This portable flue is divided into two principal parts
the lower one is adapted for being open at the front and rear when required as a
passage for the smoke and the upper one is an enclosed chamber for use as a hot
closet or water boiler. In either case (ie., oven or boiler) it is provided with the
necessary accessories for giving admission to the interior for filling in or removing
the contents also for moving the appliance back and forward or as required. The
smoke passage within this travelling flue sometimes encloses an angled damper,
of the nature of a tumbler, pivotted or otherwise connected to the hob. This
angled damper closes or opens the smoke passage according as it stands erect
or lies upon the hob, and is automatically raised or lowered by the moving back-
ward or forward of the travelling flue; stops or projections within the smoke-way
of this flue serving to raise and lower this damper when the flue is moved back
and forward.
The bottom grate of the fire space slopes upwards from the front and is pivotted
right and left at the rear. It is adapted for being raised at the front (moving on
the pivots) being fixed by a bolt or other device at any required elevation and
lowered again at pleasure the raising and lowering is effected by means of a
poker or rod fitted in or upon a socket or other part connected with the bottom
grate, the fire breast being curved either at the back or front to suit the radial
fravel of the bottom grate. A tongue piece, containing a hole sometimes projects
outwards or downwards at the front of the bottom grate so that a cap-lifter or
other rod may be inserted in the hole for the purpose of shaking the ashes through
the bottom grate and clearing the fire.
For regulating the admission of air to the fire, the fire breast is sometimes
completely covered with a removeable plate resting upon a bracket shelf and

page_text: the whole of the space below the shelf is capable of being closed, partly by means
of a close fitting ash pan front and partly by a plate between it and the said
bracket shelf which contains a pivotted door for closing or opening an air space.
This bracket shelf is sometimes part of a pudding stand which has a front plate
projecting downwards. Behind the plate which contains the pivotted door is
a bearer for supporting the front end of the bottom grate. If this door is moved
outwards rotating on its-pivots air can enter through the aperture which is then
uncovered, to the underside of the fire.
If this pivotted door is raised into a horizontal position it can be pushed
inwards at a part of the aperture which it covers and as it is thus operated it
dislodges the fire bottom grate from its support and causes it to fall down and
discharge the whole contents of the-fire space into the ash box.
If the ash box is removed these last named devices can be re-arranged as they
were before.
The combined pudding stand, toasting rack and bracket shelf, with front plate,
is fitted in guides beneath the bottom grate of the range and a plate is pivotted
to it behind the said front plate and adapted for being folded flat upon the hori-
zontal bars of the stand and drawn out as a bracket shelf in front of the fire or
raised erect and pressed against the face of the fire breast to reduce the admission
of air to the fire or it may be fixed in a forward sloping direction for toasting
purposes when the stand is drawn outwards.
When the principal back flue of the stove or range is formed completely of
metal and fixed upon the hot plate the face of the chimney above the front
opening is adapted for being fitted with tiles for purposes of embellishment. In
the upper part of this metal chimney a pivotted damper is fixed also one at the
lower part for closing the front aperture when required. Either of these dampers
can be partially or wholly opened or closed. If the hob is a very small one from
front to back so that the aforesaid angled damper cannot be fixed beneath the
moveable fire flue this pivotted damper is adapted for closing the front aperture
to the chimney in whole or in part whilst the composite kettle or hot closet flue
covers over the fire or is removed therefrom.
1
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
263, Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in and relating to Stoves and Cooking Ranges.
We, WILLIAM MORRISON and JOHN BAIRD, trading together at the Dorrator
Iron Works, Falkirk, in the County of Stirling, North Britain, Ironfounders,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
It relates to stoves and cooking ranges and has for its objects: -
To adapt the stove or range for being used with an open top to the fire or a
closed one alternately: for the vertical dimensions of its fire space being varied
as required, and for its fire being made quick or slow in combustion; for cleaning
the ashes out of the fire or completely discharging the cinders from the fire space
into the ash box beneath it; to combine a toasting rack and bracket shelf with
.its pudding stand and for combining a boiler oven or hot closet with a portable
flue and for operating the damper thereof; also to provide an improved series of

page_text: 5
outside of it.
and means of embellishing the
The invention will be better understood if reference is made to the accom-
panying drawings in which:-
Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a portable flue combined with a hot closet.
Figure 2 is a similar view of a portable flue combined with a boiler and spout.
Figure 3 is a view in perspective of a semicircular portable flue combined with
a boiler and spout.
Figures 4 and 5 are views in section of the angled damper for the travelling
0 flue.
Figure 6 is a front view in perspective of a semi-circular .portable flue com-
bined with boiler and a tumbling damper therefor.
Figure 7 is a side view in elevation and section of a fire space with pivotted
bottom grate and pawl and fire breast to suit it, with bolt.
Figure 8 is a view in perspective of the pivotted bottom grate and pawl.
Figure 9 is a perspective view of a curved fire-breast with bolt.
Figures 10 and 11 are views in perspective of a combined pudding stand draw-
fret, toaster and bracket-shelf.
Figures 12 and 13 are fragments, exhibiting details.
Figures 14 and 15 are perspective views shewing several parts of a fire place
made in accordance with our invention.
Figure 16 is a view of the pivotted air door.
Figure 17 is a perspective view of a tiled chimney.
Figure 18 is a view in perspective of a domed air excluder placed in position
upon a bracket shelf.
Similar letters of reference and numerals throughout the illustrations indicate
corresponding parts.
:
In carrying out this invention a portable flue A, Figs. 1 and 2, is constructed
as hereafter described and adapted for being moved upon the hot plate B of a
range behind the fire space D and for passing backward and forward through an
aperture in the cove, skirting or chimney plate C of the stove or range to the rear
of the back flue or forward towards and above the fire space.
flue A is divided into two principal parts at and a² the lower one a¹ is adapted
This portable
for being open at the front and rear when required as a passage for the smoke
and the upper one, a² is an enclosed chamber for use as a hot closet Fig. 1 or
water boiler a Fig. 2. In either case (i.e. oven or boiler) it is provided with the
necessary accessories for giving admission to the interior for filling in or removing
the contents, also for moving the appliances back and forward or as required..
In Fig. 1 the dotted lines represent the door of the hot closet opened and
retained in a horizontal position by means of a chain or other simple agent: also
the inside of the chamber. The door is pivotted to the closet, right and left at
the lower edge and retained in position when closed by any simple catch a at
the upper part. One or more handles a Fig. 1 fixed at the top or sides of this
combined portable oven and flue adapt it for being moved backward and forward
upon the hob. In Fig. 2 the upper part a³ of the portable flue is made as a water
vessel or boiler with an opening covered by the plate for filling it and a
spout a for drawing off the water. When this boiler is drawn forward from the
opening in the back plate C it can be tilted by means of the handle a similarly
to a kettle for drawing off water at the spout.
3
The smoke passage a¹ within this travelling flue sometimes encloses an angled
lamper Figs. 4 and 5 of the nature of a tumbler, pivotted or otherwise
connected to the hob. This angled damper b1, b2closes or opens the smoke
passage according as it stands erect, Fig. 4 or lies prone upon the hob as
hewn in Figs. 5 and 6 and is automatically raised or lowered by the backward or
orward motion of the travelling flue. Stops or projections as within the smoke
vaya of this flue serve to raise and tumble down this damper when the flue is
noved back and forward. The part which is marked b¹ is the damper and the

page_text: two-angled horns 62 act partly as feet for keeping the damper upright, as shewn
in Fig. 4, and as levers for raising the plate 6 from its prone position (Fig. 5)
when the flue is pushed backward. When this portable fiue is pushed back the
pins, 8, strike against the sloping flanges of the horns 62 and gradually raise
the plate & until it is nearly upright and has passed the centre of gravity: when
the centre of gravity is passed the horns fall away from contact with the
pins and lie at upon the hob and the pins move past the horns without further
contact with them and as the flue reaches the end of its travel the damper closes
the opening at the front. The lower edge of this damper o rests in one or more
grooves Fig. 2 in the hob and two hooked projections 63 pass into opening 6º in
the hob and engage with slight obstructions there so that the plate 6 cannot
be displaced by accident. When the portable flue is pulled forward the pins as
strike against the back of the plate band tumble it forward. As it passes the
centre of gravity the horns come into contact with the pins and cause the
damper to fall gradually and noiselessly upon the hob. The combined travelling
flue and boiler a, a, is made in any suitable size or shape. The damper for the
smoke opening a' is sometimes an ordinary removeable plate and not an auto-
matic tumbler. Figure 6 is a perspective view of this angled tumbling damper
set within an open arched flue having a boiler a within the upper part of it.
The bottom grate of the fire space D shewn in Fig. 7, slopes upward from
the front and is pivotted at d² right and left at the rear. This grate is adapted
for being raised at the front, moving on the pivots ³, also for
being fixed by means of a bolt, Figs. 7 and 9, or an equi-
valent device, at any required elevation: also for being lowered at pleasure. The
raising and lowering of this bottom grate dis effected by means of a poker- or
rod fitted in or upon a socket such as 'd Figs. 7 and 8 or other equivalent part
connected with the bottom grate. The fire breast E is curved either at the back
or front or at both back and front, to suit the radial travel of the bottom grate.
When this fire breast is curved at the back only to suit the radial travel of the
pivotted bottom grate and the face of it is straight as shewn by e¹ in Fig. 7,
the front of it can be partially closed with a fire door of ordinary form instead of
the special fittings which are necessary when both back and face of the fire
breast are curved as shewn in Fig. 9. A swinging pawl 5 Figs. 7 and 8 is
sometimes pivotted at to the projecting arm d and engaging with the notches d
in the face of the fire breast E or e' for retaining this bottom grate in any of the
several positions represented by the dotted lines in Fig. 7. The bolt. d Figs. 7
and 9 can be made to repose in a hole at the side of the fire frame L (see Figs. 14
and 15) and then supports the projecting end of the bottom grate. When this
bottom grate is vibrated by being struck with sudden force upon the bolt d³ the
ashes can be cleared out of the fire and if the bolt is withdrawn the bottoni grate
falls down a sufficient distance to leave space between it and the fire breast E
for the contents of the fire space to fall down into the ash pan.
The combined pudding stand F, toasting rack f and bracket shelf with
front plate 3 shewn in Figs. 10 and 11 is fitted in guides in any ordinary way
beneath the bottom grate of the range. It must be drawn forward before the
bolt can be withdrawn and the pivotted bottom grate d' allowed to fall and
discharge the contents of the fire space D into the ash pan. A. perforated plate f¹
having projections f* on its rear or underside is pivotted to this pudding stand F
behind, the front plate f³ and is adapted for being folded flat upon the horizontal
bars of the stand F, and used as a bracket shelf in front of the fire when the
stand F is drawn out from beneath the fire. This perforated plate fi is also
designed and adapted for being raised upon its pivots f into a somewhat erect
but sloping position when drawn out from beneath the fire and used for toasting
purposes.
Sockets are formed between, the parts F and f³ for the pivots fo to rotate
within. Upon the member F two seats are formed at 76 for the pivots to repose

page_text: in and two covers are formed upon the plate f³ to keep these pivots in their
places. The projections fare for supporting bread or articles upon this toaster.
If the pivotted grate is designed to occupy only one permanent position it is
supported at the front by means of a tongue piece (containing a hole) which is
made to project outwards and downwards at and from the front of the bottom
grate so that a suitable rod may be inserted in the said hole for the purpose of
shaking the ashes through the bottom grate and clearing the fire or fire space D.
This tongue piece is made to rest upon and strike against some part of the
stove or range for this purpose. In Figure 12 it is shewn to be resting upon the
upper part of the "frett" and in Fig. 13 it is resting upon the upper edge of an
air door which is pivotted to the plate e³. The weight of the grate & rests upon
this pivotted air door and enables the said door to be opened to any extent
required and retained so by the pressure of the grate upon it.
For regulating the admission of air to the fire in order to obtain a quick or slow
combustion therein, the fire breast is sometimes completely covered with remove-
able plates.
One of these, marked g', is shewn, in Fig. 18, resting upon a
bracket shelf G and the whole space below this shelf is adapted for being closed
for the purpose of excluding the free access of air to the space beneath the fire
see Fig. 14. This exclusion of air is partly effected by means of a close fitting
removeable ash pan front and partly by a plate e³, Figs 13 to 15, fixed per-
manently between the ash pan and the "frett" behind the bracket shelf. The
plate e is attached to the sides L, L. This fixed plate e contains an opening or
air space and seats e for supporting a pivotted door e². A bearer, e5, is combined
with the door and projects behind and above it for supporting the tongue d
of the pivotted bottom grate d. When this door 2 is moved outwards at its
lower edge as shewn in Fig. 14 it rotates upon its pivots and remains stationary in
any required position, held thus by the pressure of the grate d upon it. "Air
can then enter through the aperture which is thus uncovered and obtain access
to the underside of the fire. This door e can be opened and moved upwards until
the tongue is dislodged from it and the bottom grate drops down and discharges
the contents of the fire space D into the ash box. If the ash box is removed, or
the door e is lifted out of its seats e, as shewn in Fig. 15 the bottom grate can
be again adjusted upon the bearer . The bracket shelf G, of ordinary type, has
a hopper for being fitted within and closing the space 3 above the door e³. It
is removeably fitted upon the plate e and the domed air excluding cover g¹ Fig. 18
of ordinary construction is adapted for covering over the mouth of the hopper
and the (lower part of the) fire breast. Sometimes a fire door H, Fig. 14, is
employed to cover the upper part of the fire breast for excluding air. The tongue
part is sometimes made to rest within a hollow cavity formed for it in the
"frett" e of the range. see Fig. 12.
When the principal back flue of the stove or range is formed completely of
metal, (that is, without any brickwork) and is fixed upon the hot plate of the
range the face of this chimney above the front opening is formed with one or
more recesses for receiving white or coloured earthenware tiles J Fig. 17 for
purposes of embellishment. Sometimes one only of the three visible faces of this
chimney is fitted with tiles and sometimes all of them. The rear strips k¹ Fig. 17
are cast upon the chimney and contain recessed channels for receiving the tiles J
which rest in a shallow trough or channel (perforated or solid) and the strips K
when made of cast metal are shaped at the back to fit the tiles and to overlap the
edges. These strips are either screwed to the chimney after the tiles are put
into their channels or are formed with overhanging edges, by means of "coring
in the sand. In the latter case the tiles are placed in the grooves at the top
and slid downwards into their places. The part marked Fig. 17 is a cleaning
or soot door. In the upper part of this metal chimney an ordinary pivotted
damper is fixed and another such damper 73 is fitted at the lower part for
closing the front aperture when required. Either of these dampers can be
2

page_text: partially or wholly opened or closed. If the hob is a very small one from front
to back so that the aforesaid, angled damper 61, 62, cannot be fixed, and operated
as before described within the moveable combined fue and boiler this pivotted
damper is adapted for closing the front aperture to the chimney in whole or part
whilst the combined kettle or hot closet flue covers. over the fire or is removed.
therefrom. When the damper 3 is closed the stove or range can be used with a
closed fire if the damper 2 is opened.
+
led
We are aware, that, prior to our invention, register grates, mantel. pieces and
cooking range panels and skirtings have been fitted with earthenware-tiles;
also fire places with concave-convex bars; pivotted bottom grates and swinging
pawls, tumbling dampers also notched bars for fixing the said bottom grate at
various heights. It will therefore be understood that we do not claim such
things broadly as our invention.
г.. !,་།་
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
I
First. In a stove or range portable flue the combination therewith of a chamber
or hot closet adapted for the purposes of an oven, all substantially as herein
described and drawn or any mere modification thereof for the purposes specified:
Second. In a stove or range portable flue the combination therewith of a
chamber adapted for the purposes of a boiler, kettle or hot water vessel all
substantially as herein described and drawn or any mere modification thereof
for the purposes specified.
Third. In a stove or range portable flue the combination therewith of the
interior pins a³ and a tumbling damper b having flanged horns 63 and Hooks 43
adapted for being operated by the movements of the portable flue, all substantially
as herein described and drawn for the purposes specified.
Fourth. In a stone or range fire breast the combination therewith of a bolt'd
adapted for being moved in a pocket d, also of a pivotted bottom grate dall
substantially as herein described and drawn or any mere modification thereof for
the purposes specified. I
Fifth. In a stove or range the combination therewith of a pivotted bottom
grate with projection adapted for being kept in position or released by means
of the parts and all substantially as herein described and drawn or
mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
any
1
Sixth. In a stove or range the combination therewith of a pivotted bottom
grate with tongue piece and recess e in "frett" bare for receiving the said
tongue piece all substantially as herein described and drawn for the purposes
specified.
Seventh. In a stove or range, a plano-concave fire breast e¹ which is flat on the
front and concave at the back, combined with a stop or 'bolt and a pivotted
bottom grate adapted for dropping below the stop all substantially as herein
described and drawn for the purposes specified.
**
Eighth. In a stove or range the combination therewith of a metal chimney
pipe C. ; adapted for being fitted with earthenware tiles' all substantially as
herein described with reference to Fig 17 of the drawings, for the purposes
specified.