Improvements in or connected with Roller Bearings.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Roller Bearings.
I, WALTER HEAP, of 6, Peel Terrace, Chester Road, Old Trafford, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention relates to improvements in or connected with roller bearings.
In such bearings it is customary to make that part of the rollers upon which the
bearing rolls perfectly cylindrical.
To prevent lateral movement of the rollers the bearing has to be suitably encased
with a cage and moreover difficulties arise which make it impossible to compensate
any wear upon the rollers or shaft.
The object of my invention is to overcome these defects.
In carrying my invention into effect I form the rollers slightly conical, and
encircle the bearing or shaft with two rings of rollers. The rings of rollers are
arranged with their largest diameter towards the centre of the bearing and this
end of the rollers in one ring are in rolling contact with the larger end of the
rollers in the other.
In order that the circular motion of the rollers about the axis of the shaft shall
be such as to maintain the same axial line of the rollers to the axis of the shaft,
the rollers are sufficiently inclined from the horizontal plane, and the inclined axis
of the rollers if produced would cut the axis of the shaft. To secure the requisite
bearing for the two rings of inclined rollers I provide a bush, the outer periphery
of which is of double conoidal formation, around which the rollers are disposed.
The bush may or may not be secured to the shaft, or the shaft may be formed
with a double conoidal surface.
Upon the top of the two rings of rollers are arranged screwed rings formed with
interiorly inclined peripheries, and these screwed rings and the double conoidal
bush provide the requisite race for the rollers. By turning the screwed rings
with a suitable key the space in which the rollers roll may be reduced and so
compensate any wear upon the rollers or shaft.
The inner or larger end of the rollers are turned to such an angle which will
provide rolling contact faces with the opposite rollers from the centre to the
circumference of the rollers.
To prevent a rubbing contact between the rollers I place between the rollers
separating pieces of brass or other suitable metal bent to suit the conoidal form of
bearing, which revolve with the rollers. The sides or ends of the bearing may
be left open as the larger diameter of the conical rollers being disposed towards
the centre of the bearing, it is impossible for the rollers to move outwardly.
In cases where there is lateral movement of the shaft in addition to a revolving
motion the bush may be connected to the shaft by means of a slip feather key
and key way.
Suitable lubricating means are provided to lubricate the roller race.

page_text: My invention is applicable generally to bearings for revolving parts of machinery,
and the bearings of railway carriages and road vehicles.
Dated this 11th day of December 1897.
Improvements in or connected with Roller Bearings.
I, WALTER HEAP, of Saxonholm, Woodlands Road, Altrincham, in the County
of Chester, and late of 6, Peel Terrace, Chester Road, Old Trafford, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:.
-
My said invention relates to improvements in or connected with roller bearings.
In such bearings it is customary to make that part of the rollers upon which the
shaft or the like rolls perfectly cylindrical. To prevent lateral movement of the
rollers the bearing has to be suitably encased with a cage and difficulties arise which
make it impossible to compensate any wear upon the rollers or shaft.
The object of my invention is to overcome this defect.
The accompanying sheet of drawings, to which I will refer clearly illustrates
my invention.
Fig. 1 of the drawings is a front elevation of a pedestal to which my invention
has been applied.
Fig. 2 is a sectional front view.
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view.
Fig. 4 is an end view of the rollers and separating bars.
Fig. 5 is a separate view of one of the separating bars.
In carrying my invention into effect I form the rollers a slightly taper or
conical, and encircle the bearing or shaft with two rings of rollers. The rings of
rollers a
are arranged with their largest diameter towards the centre of the
bearing, see Fig. 3, and this end of the rollers in one ring are in rolling contact
with the larger end of the rollers in the other.
In order that the circular motion of the rollers a about the axis of the shaft shall
be such as to maintain the same axial line of the rollers to the axis of the shaft,
the rollers a are sufficiently inclined from the horizontal plane, and the inclined
axis of the rollers if produced would cut the axis of the shaft. To secure the
requisite bearing for the two rings of inclined rollers I provide a bush b, the outer
periphery of which is of double conoidal formation, around which the rollers a
are disposed.
The bush may or may not be secured to the shaft, or the shaft may be formed
with a double conoidal surface.
The ratio of the diameter of the bush b at the centre and ends is the same
with regard to the two diameters of the rollers a, thus the rollers a roll around the
bush b in a line coinciding with the axis of the bush b.
The centre or axial lines drawn through two opposite rollers will bisect the axis
of the bush at the same point.
Around the two rings of rollers are arranged screw threaded rings cc formed
with interiorly inclined peripheries, and these screwed rings and the double

page_text: conoidal bush provide the requisite race for the rollers. The screwed rings cc
engage with internal screw threads formed in the pedestal block A. By turning
the screwed rings ce with a suitable key engaging with holes c¹ the space in which
the rollers roll may be reduced and so compensate any wear upon the rollers
or shaft.
The inner or larger ends of the rollers are turned to an angle or cone which will
provide rolling contact faces with the opposite rollers from the centre to the
circumference of the rollers as will be more clearly seen from an inspection of
Fig. 3.
To prevent a rubbing contact between the rollers, I place between the rollers
separating pieces or bars of steel, brass or other suitable metal shaped to suit the
conoidal form of bearing as shown in the view Fig. 4, which bars move round the
axis of bearing with the rollers.
Several of the bars d are secured by screws e to rings of the rings f being split
as shown for convenient in fixing or they may be made whole. The bars d which
are not secured to the rings f may be comparatively thinner if desired so that a
great number of rollers a may be used.
In cases where there is lateral movement of the shaft in addition to a revolving
motion the bush b may be connected to the shaft by means of a slip feather key
and key way.
An oil hole g is provided to lubricate the roller race, the lower portion of the
race marked h forming an oil well thus keeping the rollers a properly lubricated.
Although I have shown my invention applied to a plummer block or pedestal it
must be understood that it is applicable generally to bearings for revolving parts
of machinery, engines and the bearings of railway carriages and road vehicles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:―
1) In roller bearings for the revolving parts of machinery, engines, and for the
bearings of the wheels of railway carriages and road vehicles and the like, the
provision of two rings of taper rollers, arranged with their largest diameters
towards the centre of the bearing, separating bars disposed between the rollers, a
double conoidal bush mounted or formed on the shaft the conoidal surfaces of the bush
and the taper of the rollers being so proportioned that the rollers will roll round
the bush in a line coinciding with the axial line of the shaft, and screw threaded
rings with interiorly inclined surfaces, providing means whereby wear of the parts
may be readily compensated, and with the double conoidal bush or solid formation
on shaft forming the requisite race for the double ring of rollers, substantially as
described and shown.
2) The improved roller bearing constructed arranged and acting in the manner,
for the purposes and substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.