Improvements relating to Velocipede and other Wheels, and to Tyres therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st Dec., 1891-Accepted, 13th Feb. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Velocipede and other Wheels, and to
Tyres therefor.
I, JOHN BOYD DUNLOP of 50 Gloucester Street Belfast Ireland, Veterinary
Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to velocipede and other wheels, and to pneumatic or hollow
inflatable or air tyres, and is designed to provide improved means whereby the
said tyres can be more easily fixed or secured upon the rims of the wheels.
The said rims moreover are strengthened, and improved facilities are afforded for
the repair of the said tyres.
In carrying my said invention into practice I form the centre of the rim of the
wheel more deeply grooved than those in ordinary usc. Between the said groove
and the edges of the rim there are flat or nearly flat portions, and the said edges
are turned up at right angles or approximately at right angles thereto.
I provide moreover two hoops or rings of metal or other suitable material of any
convenient width and of a diameter corresponding to that of the rim of the wheel.
These hoops or rings are rivetted, bolted, or otherwise secured to the outer
surfaces of the turned up edges of the rim; or the said rings or hoops are placed on
the inner sides of the said outer edges, and in the latter case they are held in
position by the pressure of the air or other gas contained in the tyre hereinafter
described.
The tyre is preferably constructed as follows, that is to say, I provide an air-
proof tube made of india-rubber or other suitable material. This tube is placed
on the rim of the wheel, or in the above-mentioned central groove in the said rin.
I provide, moreover, a covering or strengthening fold of linen, cloth or other
suitable. material the edges or ends of which are lapped or folded round the hoops
or rings and stitched or sewn as well as cemented thereto.
In order to protect the said linen, cloth or other covering or strengthening fold
from wear and moisture, I place over the latter an outer covering of india-rubber
or other suitable material. This india-rubber or other outer covering is passed
between the hoops or rings and the edges of the rim, that is to say the linen cloth
or other covering or strengthening fold is first secured to the hoops or rings, and
the india-rubber or other outer covering is cemented to the said linen; cloth or
other covering before the hoops or rings are placed in position on the rim of the
wheel. Suitable means are provided, moreover, for enabling the said tyre to be
filled or inflated with air or other gas.
The hereinbefore mentioned central groove in the rim of the wheel enables the
hoops or rings to be placed on the inner sides of the turned up edges of the said
rim. Moreover by reason of the shape of the said rim in transverse section,
t is much stronger and more rigid than those of the ordinary or usual
construction.
Dated this ath do of Anil 1901
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co..
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Velocipede and other Wheels, and to
Tyres therefor.
I, JOHN BOYD DUNLOP, of 50 Gloucester Street, Belfast, Ireland, Veterinary
Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
My invention relates to velocipede and other wheels, and to pneumatic or hollow
inflatable or air tyres and is designed to provide improved means whereby the said
tyres can be more easily fixed or secured upon the rims of the wheels.
The said rims moreover are strengthened and increased facilities are afforded for
the repair of the said tyres.
In carrying my said invention into practice I form the centre of the rim of the
wheel more deeply grooved than those in ordinary use. Between the said groove
and the edges of the rim there are flat or nearly flat portions and the said edges are
turned at right angles or approximately to right angles at the said flat or nearly
flat portions.
I provide moreover two hoops or rings of metal or other suitable material of
any convenient width and of a suitable diameter. These hoops or rings are placed
on the inner sides of the said edges of the rim and are held in position by
the pressure of the air or other fluid contained in the tyre hereinafter described.
Or the said hoops or rings are riveted, bolted or otherwise secured to or upon
the outer surfaces of the edges of the rim in any suitable manner.
In order that the nature of my said invention may be clearly understood I will
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawing which shows in cross
section the tyre and rim of a velocipede wheel for example constructed according to
my invention.
A. is an ordinary air-tight or pneumatic tube made of india-rubber or other
suitable material and provided with suitable means for enabling it to be filled with
air or other fluid. B is the rim of the wheel, and C is the deep groove or
corrugation in the centre of the said rim. C₁ Care flat portious of the
rim, CC are the edges of the rim, which are turned at right angles to the said
flat portions. D D are the two hoops or rings herein before referred to. E is a
strengthening layer of linen, cloth or other suitable material the edges or ends of
which are lapped or folded round the hoops or rings D and secured in place by
being stitched or sewn to other portions of the said layer or to the hoops or
rings D D, as well as cemented or vulcanized to the said hoops or rings.
F is an outer covering of india-rubber or other suitable material the edges F1 of
which are situated between the edges C² of the rim and the portions of the layer E
which encase the hoops or rings D when the said hoops or rings are in place upon
the rim. The said covering F is provided for the purpose of protecting the layer E
from wear and from moisture. Before the said hoops or rings are placed upon the
rim the linen, cloth, or other covering or strengthening layer E is first secured to
the hoops or rings D in the manner hereinbefore described and then the outer
covering Fis cemented or vulcanized to the said layer E; afterwards the said
hoops or rings are placed in position on the rim of the wheel.
The deep groove or corrugation C receives a portion of the tube A, as shown,
and the said tube when expanded by the air under pressure therein forces the hoops
or rings D D towards the edges C2 of the rim, by which they are retained in place
upon the wheel. The fort of the cross-section of the rim is such as to make it
stronger and more rigid than rims of the ordinary or usual constructions.
Moreover the depth of the said groove or corrugation C is a particularly
advantageous feature of my invention, as it makes the removal of the tyre from the
wheel an easy matter and enables it to be replaced with equal readiness. For

page_text: instance, part of the tyre forming say one half of its circumference can be put into
the deep groove of the rim so that the opposite side of the said circumference
will be clear of the rim. It is evident that a rim which enables the tyre to be
thus placed eccentrically with regard to the rim also enables the tyre to be readily
removed or replaced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I do
not claim securing a pneumatic tyre upon the rim of a wheel by means of wires as I
am aware that such means are old but what I claim is :-
:-
First. In a velocipede or other wheel having a pneumatic tyre the combination
with wires for securing the tyre thereon of a rim having a deep central groove and
the cross-sectional form substantially such as is hereinbefore described for the
purpose specified.
Second. In a velocipede or other wheel having a pneumatic tyre a rim of a
cross-sectional form substantially such as is herein before described for the purpose
specified.
Third. A velocipede wheel or other wheel provided with the tyre and its
appurtenances as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
Dated this hat da
1001
JOHN BOYD DUNLOP.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.