Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1886.
Complete Left, 22nd Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 19th Apr., 1887.
Connected therewith.
1, HERMANN HEIм of Oberdöbling, near Vienna, Austria, Stove Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to fire-places and to heating apparatus connected therewith,
and has for its chief object to obtain an almost perfect consumption of smoke. The
said improvements can be applied to all fire-places in which the automatic supply of
fuel to the grate is desirable.
In carrying my said invention into practice I provide the fire place with a filling
channel which is arranged behind the fire space and is so arranged that the fuel slides
down a plane inclined somewhat more than 45° to the grate. The filling channel is
closed by a cover.
The upper part of the filling channel is, either bent forward so that the introduction
of the fuel can take place from the room in which the fire place stands, in which case
it is very advantageous to arrange on the frame of the supply opening of the outer
casing of the fire place a funnel shaped mouth piece, in order that no fuel can fall
between the casing and the grate; or the filling shaft is carried at an angle of some-
what more than 45° through the wall, with which arrangement the introduction of
fuel takes place from the room behind the fire place. The filling channel may also be
bent towards one or both side walls.
The fire-space at the rear above the grate is in communication with the filling
channel through a suitable opening.
In order that the air entering through the grate for supporting combustion shall
not touch the fuel in the lower portion of the filling channel, the surface of the said
grate is placed at the same angle as the said channel.

page_text: In fire places as heretofore constructed the filling channel terminates at the fire
space in such a manner that the coal in the filling channel is heated to such an extent
that they are decomposed, the products of distillation in some cases passes through the
filling opening. This defect is entirely obviated, if the filling channel as mentioned
above, is extended into the fire space. This is of special importance, because the
lower end of the inclined surface of the filling channel extending beyond the
prolongation of the rear wall of the force space into the latter keeps the fuel in
the filling channel suitably cool, and thus efficiently obviates its convertion into
gas. For further assisting to keep the fuel cool the communicating opening between
the fire space and the filling channel is protected at its upper part by a block of
refractory material whose rear surface facing the filling channel is parallel or nearly
parallel with the inclined surface of the said channel. The rear wall of the fire
space sometimes forms at the same time a wall of the filling channel.
To permit the cleaning of the grate during the firing, a plate is pushed in upon the
bars which plate may be perforated or a forked grate may be used; the grate which
can be made either as a sliding grate or as a tilting grate can then be cleaned; as
soon as it is brought back into its right position, the plate is removed and the fuel
sinks again upon the grate. The products of combustion pass from the fire-space to
the right and left into pipes which extend downwards and upwards and are movably
suspended from part of the fire-space thereby enabling them when heated to expand
freely without causing tensions and displacements in the whole system. The lower
part of the fire-space contains the ash pan and is closed in front by a door which is
ground in so as to fit tightly; it serves at the same time for regulating the admission
of air below the grate.
If a good operation of the fire-place is to be attained, the part of the grate nearest
to the sliding surface must in every case have such a slope that it joins with the
sliding surface of the filling shaft and forms with it a gradually declining surface.
In front of and above the grate is a protecting bar which consists preferably of a bar
V-shaped or channel-shaped in transverse section, which has holes above, in order to
admit above the grate air for combustion. Above the grate is suspended a frame
whose surface is lined with transparent plates so that the play of the flame can be
observed. In order to permit access to the fire above the grate without being obliged
to lift off the whole frame, one or more of the transparent plates in the lower part of
the latter are movable. In case the heat radiating through the said plates becomes
too great, a double-walled sheet-metal screen can be used, which is closed at the two
vertical sides but is open below and above, so that a circulation of air takes place
between the two walls of the same. The sheet metal screen can be hung or placed in
front. The front wall of the fire space can, if desired, be made quite opaque so that
it possesses only an ash or regulating door below and an access door above the grate,
as in most iron and clay stoves. From the upper part of the fire space, the fire
passes, on opening the throttle valve or throttle valves, directly to a collecting
pipe or ascending through flues directly to the chimney, which is especially required
in making a fire when the chimneys do not draw well, in order to get a good draught;
if however the throttle-valves are closed, the fire is obliged to pass through the whole
system of pipes or all the flues; the fire passes from the fire-space through pipes
extending downwards, then through pipes extending upward and through the
collecting pipe to the chimney, or from the fire-space through flues into the chimney.
The gases generated in the fire-space can be used to heat other rooms than that in
which the heating apparatus is placed.
For this purpose the heated products of combustion are conducted into one or two
stoves of the adjoining rooms. They are here conveyed from the smoke pipe either
directly to the chimney, or a throttle valve is closed and the gases pass through a
channel to stoves formed, for example, by a system of pipes with a separate casing,
but any other form of stove may be used for the purpose. When the heat has.
traversed these stoves it passes through smoke-pipes to the chimney. Instead of using
the collecting pipe the upwardly and downwardly extending pipes can be prolonged
and be directly conducted to the ovens or stoves of the adjacent rooms.

page_text: The mode of heating two adjacent rooms from one fire-place possesses, over the
heating by means of heated air, the advantage that the sound cannot penetrate from
one room into the other, that moreover tobacco smoke or other vapour produced in
the room in which the fire place is situated, cannot pass into the adjoining room. In
order to heat rooms, although at a distance, with this heating apparatus the masonry
of the fire space can be lined with water pipe coils or water casings may directly be
used as fire chamber walls. These water vessels serve as heating boilers for water
ovens, of rooms situated at a distance.
The filling channel, fire space and system of pipes can be made of iron, clay or
chamotte and each of these parts of different or the same matérial; for instance the
fire-space is walled with chamotte. The several parts can be independent or can be
constructed with common side walls the former arrangement is specially adapted when
casings are used, the latter for clay stoves.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATIO
Improvements relating to Fire-places and to Heating Apparatus
Connected therewith.
I, HERMANN HELM, of Oberdobling, near Vienna, Austria, Stove Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to fire-places and stoves, and to heating apparatus connected
therewith, and has for its chief object to obtain an almost perfect consumption of
smoke.
The said improvements can be applied to all fire places or stoves in which the
automatic supply of fuel to the grate is desirable.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the application of my improvements to
fire-place stoves and to clay-stoves.
Figure 1 is a transverse section of a fire-place stove on the line a Figure 2.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a fire-place stove, showing a modified arrangement
of the fuel-receptacles.

page_text: Figure 2 is a longitudinal section on the line y, y, figure 1.
Figure 3, is a horizontal section on the line z, z, figure 1.
Figure 4 which is a section on the line ve, figure 5, shows the combination with
my improved fire-place, of two stoves located in adjacent rooms and heated by the
waste heat.
Figure 5 is a section on the line w, w, figure 4.
Figure 6 illustrates the arrangement of my improvements in combination with a
hot water heating apparatus.
Figure 6 shows a fire-pot adapted for heating the water of a hot water heating
apparatus.
Figure 7 shows in section on the line a¹, a¹, figure 8, the application of my
improvements to a clay-stove.
Figure 8 shows the same in vertical section on the line y' y¹ figure 7, and
Figure 9 is a horizontal section on the line ¹, ¹ figure 8;
Figure 10 is a vertical section on the line'x², a³, figure 11; illustrating a modifi-|
cation of my invention;
Figure 11 is a vertical section on the line y2 y3 figure 10, and
Figure 12 is a horizontal section on the line, figure 10.
Figure 13, shows a perforated plate destined to be pushed in beneath the burning
fuel, when the grate is to he removed for cleaning the same.
Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating in what manner the fuel receptacle has hitherto
been combined with the fire-pot.
Figure 15 shows in what manner these parts are combined according to the
invention.
Figure 16 is a front elevation and vertical section of the frame forming the front
wall of a fire-place stove.
Figure 17 shows the hollow protecting-bar, arranged on the front border of the
grate.
Figures 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22 illustrate a modified arrangement of the fuel receptacle.
Figures 23, 24, and 25 are sectional side and front elevations and an upper side
view respectively of a preferred form of the grate.
Figures 26 and 27 are a sectional elevation and horizontal section respectively of a
stove having its fuel receptacle arranged at the front side of the fire-box.
Similar letters indicate corresponding parts in all the figures. _
A is the fuel receptacle or filling channel which, as shown in figures 1, 1ª, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11, is arranged in such a manner behind the fire-pot, that the fuel
slides down a plane, inclined somewhat more than 45° to the grate. a, Figures 1
and 11, is a cover which closes the filling channel or fuel receptacle. The arrangement
of the filling channel or fuel receptacle A behind the fire-pot C will do best in most
cases; it is obvious however that the said receptacle may quite as well be connected
to a lateral side or to the front side of the fire-pot, when such an arrangement is
deemed as better fitting special cases.
The upper part of the filling channel or fuel receptacle is, either, bent forward so
that the introduction of the fuel can take place from the room in which the fire place
or stove stands, in which case it is very advantageous to arrange on the frame of the
supply opening of the outer casing B of fire-place stoves a funnel shaped mouth piece b
in order that no fuel can fall between the casing and the parts forming the fire-place
stove. Or the filling channel A is carried at an angle of somewhat more than 45°
through the wall, with which arrangement the introduction of fuel takes place from
the room behind the fire-place stove; this arrangement is indicated in figure 1 in
dotted lines. Lastly the filling channel may also be bent towards one or both side
walls, as indicated in figure 1", in which case the charging is also effected from the
side.
The fire-space C (Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11) at the rear, above the
grate D is in communication with the filling channel or fuel receptacle A through
suitabla onanime
al

page_text: In order that the air entering through the grate for supporting combustion shall
not touch the fuel in the lower portion of the filling channel or fuel receptacle, the
surface of the said grate D is placed at the same angle as the said channel, sec figure 1;
the back of which extends down into the fire pot. This extended portion may be
made removable.
In stoves as heretofore constructed the filling channel or fuel receptacle, terminates
at the fire space'as represented at a ẞ in figure 14; the defect of this arrangement is
that the coal in the filling channel is frequently heated to such an extent that it is decom-
posed, the products of distillation in some cases passing through the filling opening.
It is a further disadvantage of this arrangement that the upper edge of the delivery
mouth of the fuel receptacle is greatly heated, in consequence whereof, this part, when
made of iron, soon becomes deformed, and when made of fire clay, is liable to melt
together with the cinders and to be damaged when the latter is removed. This defect
is entirely obviated, if the inclined bottom of the fuel receptacle, as mentioned above,
is extended into the fire-pot as shown at da in figure 15.
а
It will easily be understood that, in consequence of this arrangement, the air
supporting combustion, which enters though the grate y & Figure 15, and is carried
up by the draught to the smoke pipes, can no longer pass close by the mouth
γω οι
the full receptacle proper, but is kept at a certain distance from the same. In order
to more surely deflect from the mouth of the fuel receptacle the hot gases rising from
the burning fuel of block c of refractory material is arranged along the upper edge of
the mouth of the fuel receptacle, as clearly shown in figures 1, 8, 11 and 15, said
block projecting a certain distance into the fire-pot C. The under surface y 7 of the
block extends parallelly to the inclined bottom of the fuel receptacle, this having for
its purpose to keep this surface in close contact with the slope rp of the heap of
burning fuel within the fire-pot C, so that this slope can never extend upward as far
as to the mouth of the filling channel or fuel receptacle A. The front surface &T of
the block c is inclined toward the axis of the fire-pot, so that all gaseous products of
combustion, which, in consequence of irregularities in the draught, would transgress
beyond the line 88 are deflected by the said front surface &r so as to flow back into
the fire-pot. As indicated by hatchings in the diagram figure 15, there always lies
between the extended bottom of the fuel receptacle and the block e a prism of
fuel - Y
w which, although it has already entered the fire-pot, yet is held off from
the space wherein the draught is acting, and thus forms in some sort an insulating
layer between the burning fuel in the fire-pot and the contents of the filling
channel.
C
ω
In cases, when for any reason the draught in the stove is liable to frequent derange-
monts it may arrive, notwithstanding the described construction of the delivery mouth
of the fuel receptacle, that the stenimed gases will enter the fuel receptacle A and
escape through the cover a of the same into dwelling rooms. In such cases, the
general arrangement of the fire-pot C and fuel receptacle A shown by figures 18, 19,
20, 21 and 22 is to be preferred. The upper end of the fuel-receptacle A shown in
these figures does not extend across the top of the fire-pot C as was the case in the
stoves hereinbefore described, but it penetrates into the upper portion of the said fire-
pot. Inside the fire-pot the upper end of the fuel receptacle is provided with a
cover a', and opposite to this cover, a filling or charging opening a provided with a
suitable cover or door is formed in the front side of the fire-pot. The said cover a¹ is
in all cases of such a form and dimension that it can be used as a bridge over the
interval between the lower edge of the charging month of the fuel receptacle and
the charging opening a². Aside from this feature, the cover may be of any chosen
form;
it may be hinged to the lower edge of the charging mouth as shown in figures 11
and 19, or it may be formed into a slide as shown in figure 20, or it may be a single
lid as shown in figures 21 and 22.
In order to prevent the fuel, from falling into the fire-pot, while it is sinking down
over the cover a' which has previously been brought into the position shown in dots in
figures 18, 20 and 21, the said cover a¹ is provided with two lateral checks a³. It will

page_text: readily be understood that, with this arrangement, all gas accidentally entering the
fuel receptacle, will flow back into the fire-pot again.
When the fuel receptacle A. is arranged at the front side of the fire pot C, as shown
in figures 26 and 27, a hole is formed, above the lid of the said receptacle in the
partition between this latter and the fuel receptacle in order to give a passage to the
gases which may accidentally take their way through the receptacle..
The rear wall of the fire-pot C may serve as the back of the fire-pot only as shown
in figures 1, 3 and 4, or it may at the same time serve as a wall of the filling channel
or fuel receptacle, as shown in figures 8, 9 and 11.
To permit the cleaning of the grate during the firing a perforated plate, figure 13,
is pushed in upon the bars c² (figures 1, 2, 8 and 11,) or a forked grate may be
used.
The grate D which can be made either as a sliding grate as shown in figures 1, 2
and 3 or as a tilting grate as shown in figures 7, 8, 10 and 11, or in the special form
hereinafter described with reference to figures 18, 22, 23, 24 and 25, can then be
cleaned. As soon as the grate is brought back into its proper position, the plate
(figure 13) is removed, and the fuel sinks again onto the grate D.
In the fire-place stove, the products of combustion pass from the fire-pot to the
right and left into V shaped pipes or secondary heating bodies, and which
extend downwards from couplings, projecting at the same level from the fire-pot on
the one hand and from the pipe by which the fire-pot communicates with the chimney,
on the other end, whereby these V shaped pipes are enabled when heated, to expand
freely without causing tension and displacements in the whole system. The lower
part of the fire-pot contains the ash-pan and is closed in front by a door d (figures 1,
8 and 11) which is ground so as to fit tightly this door serves in the same time for
regulating the admission of air below the grate figures 1, 2 and 3 show a basket grate
composed of bars whilst figures 7, 8, 10, and 11 show a tilting grate.
If a good operation of the fire place is to be attained, the part of the grate nearest
to the sliding surface or inclined bottom of the fuel receptacle must in every case
have such a slope that it joins with the inclined surface of the fuel receptacle or filling
channel and forms with it a gradually declining surface.
The form of grate which best suits stoves of the kind in question is shown in
Figures 18 and 22 and on an enlarged scale by the Figures 23, 24 and 25. The
bars d of this grate, which are likewise so curved as to form with the inclined bottom
of the fuel receptacle A a gradually declining surface, are connected at their front
and rear ends by cross-bars d³. The ends of these cross-bars d³ project on either
side of the grate beyond the extremo grate bars, and these sidewise projecting ends d'
are supported by ribs formed at the inner surfaces of the lateral sides of the ash-
pit. As these ribs do not reach forward to the front side of the.ash-pit, it suffices
to draw the grate forward a small distance for depriving the projecting ends d* of the
front cross bar d³ of their supports and thus causing the grate to tilt, as shown by dots
in Figure 23.
In front of and above the grate is a protecting bar e (Figures 1, 8, 11 and 17)
which is preferably of an inverted V or channel shape in transverse section, and
which is provided with holes in the upper part in order to admit air above the grate
for improving combustion. This protecting bar e, which is continuously cooled by the
air entering through the grate, prevents contact between the front side of the fire-
pot C and the burning fuel, and thus preserves the portion of the front side designated
in Figure 15 with the letters g, f from being overheated. When preferred, the bar e
may be made closed at its bottom and have the air admitted from without into its open
ends.
Above the grate is arranged a frame E (Figures 1, 3, 11 and 16) whose surface is
composed of transparent plates so that the flame can be observed. In order to permit
access to the fire above the grate without being obliged to lift off the whole frame E,
one or more of the transparent plates in the lower part of the frame are movable. In
case the heat radiating through the said plates becomes too great, a double-walled

page_text: sheet metal screen (Figures I and 5) can be used which is closed at the two.vertical
sides, but is open below and above, so that a circulation of air takes place between
the two walls of the same. This slicet-metal screen can be hung or placed in
front of the frame E, the latter arrangement is shown at E' in Figures 1 and 3.
The front wall of the fire-pot can, if desired, be made quite opaque, so that it
possesses only an ash or regulating door below and an access door above the grate, as
in most iron and clay or porcelain stoves and as shown by way of example in Figure 8.
From the upper part of the fire-pot the fire passes, on opening the throttle valves or
dampers figure 2 (in Figures 7 and 10 only one throttle valve or damper is shown
as there is one series of flues only), directly to a collecting pipe F (Figures 1, 2, 4
and 5); or ascends through the flues F and F (Figures 7, 8, 10 and 11) directly to
the chimney at F. This arrangement is especially required in making a fire when
the chimneys do not draw well, in order to get a good draught. If however, the
valves are closed, the products of combustion are obliged to pass through the whole
system of pipes or flues. The products of combustion then pass from the fire-pot C
downward through the pipes and f² (Figures 2 and 3), then upward through
pipes 3 and 4, and then through the collecting pipe F (Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5) to the
chimney, or from the fire space C (Figures 7 to 11) downward through the flues F³
and F, upward through the flue F7 hence through the flues F¹ and F2 into the flue F³
and to the chimney at F.
The fire gases generated in the fire space can be used to heat other rooms than that
in which the heating apparatus is placed.
For this purpose the heated products of combustion are conducted into one or two
heaters in the adjoining rooms, as shown in Figures 4 and 5. They are here conveyed
from the smoke pipe 1 either directly to the chimney G, or through the channel h,
the valve g (Figure 5) being closed to the heaters H and H. These heaters, as shown
are formed of a system of pipes enclosed in a casing, but any other form of heater
may be used.
When the gases have traversed the stoves H and H, they pass through the smoke
pipes and to the chimney G.
It is obvious that instead of using the collecting pipe F, the pipes and f³ and
likewise the pipes and can be prolonged and be directly conducted to the ovens
or heaters of the adjacent rooms, and also that the heating of adjacent rooms can be
carried out in a similar manner if the fire place is constructed as shown in Figure 7
instead of as in Figures 1 to 6.
The mode of heating two adjacent rooms from one fire possesses, over the heating
by means of heated air, the advantage that the sound cannot penetrate from one room
into the other and that, moreover, tobacco smoke or other vapours produced in the
room in which the fire-place is situated cannot pass into the adjoining room.
In order to heat rooms, although at a distance, with this heating apparatus, the side
walls of the fire pot C can be lined with coils of water pipe (Figure 6) or water
casings may be used as the wall of the fire-pot. These water pipes or casings serve,
as shown in Figure 6, as heating boilers for water heaters J, J, in rooms situated at a
distance from the source of the heat. The combination indicated makes one fire the
central point of a system of heating apparatus.
The fuel receptacle fire-pot.and system of pipes or secondary, heaters can be made
of iron, fire-clay or any other suitable material, and these parts can be of different or
the same material; for instance the fire-pot C in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is shown as being
lined with fire-clay. The several parts can be independent as in Figures 1 to 6 or
can be constructed with common side walls as shown in Figures 7 to 12, the former
arrangement is specially adapted when chinney-shaped casings are used, and the
latter for clay stoves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First In a stove provided with a fuel receptacle for the automatic supplying of
fuel to the grate, the combination with the lower end of the inclined bottom of the

page_text: fuel receptacle, said lower end extending into the fire-pot, of a block c of refractory
material, projecting from the upper edge of the delivery mouth of the receptacle.into
the fire-pot and having its lower surface formed parallel with the inclined bottom of
the fuel receptacle while its front surface is inclined downward, substantially as shown
and described, and for the purpose set forth.
Second In a stove, provided with a fuel receptacle for the automatic supplying of
fuel to the grate, a fuel receptacle the upper end of which penetrates into the top
portion of the fire-pot, the top end of the fuel receptacle being provided with a cover,
and the side of the fire-pot facing or adjacent to the mouth of the receptacle having a
charging opening formed in it, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
Third In a stove provided with a fuel receptacle the top end of which penetrates
into the upper portion of the fire-box, a receptacle cover of such a size as to be fit for
bridging the interval between the charging opening in the fire-box and the mouth of
receptacle, substantially as shown and described.
Fourth In a stove provided with a fuel receptacle for the automatic supplying of
fuel to the grate, a profecting bar e placed on the border of the grate opposite to the.
delivery mouth of the fuel receptacle, said protecting bar being of an inverted Vor
channel shape transverse section and having its side facing the fire provided with a
series of holes, substantially as shown and described and for the purpose specified.
Fifth The combination with a stove, of U shaped pipes or secondary heating
bodies, each such pipe being suspended, with its ends in the same level, from two
couplings, one of which projects from the fire-box and the other from the smoke-
pipe and the smoke pipe containing a damper f, substantially as, and for the purpose,
set forth.
Sixth The combination with a stove of a double-walled sheet-metal screen E¹,
arranged in front of the stove and closed at the two vertical sides, but open below
and above, substantially as shown and described and for the purpose set forth.
Seventh In a stove, a grate the grate bars of which are connected, at their front
and rear ends, to cross bars, having their sideward projecting ends supported by ribs
formed on the inside of the lateral walls of the ash pit, said ribs not extending
forward as far as to the front wall of the ash-pit, substantially as, and for the purpose,
described.
Eighth In a stove provided with a fuel receptacle or filling channel and enclosed
in a chimney-shaped casing, a funnel-shaped projection rigidly connected to the inside
of the charging opening of the casing and extending into the mouth of the fuel
receptacle, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
Ninth In a stove, the combination with the grate, of supporting ribs formed above
the grate on the lateral walls of the fire-box and of a perforated plate or fork-shaped
grate, adapted to rest on said ribs, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
Dated this 22nd day of February 1887-
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.