IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR SPREADING MANURE OR OTHER MATTERS PROAL
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Glegg Garvie and Henry Skinner both of the City
and County of Aberdeen North Britain for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
'
LETTERS PATENT to Robert Glegg Garvie and Henry Skinner both of the City
and County of Aberdeen North Britain for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR SPREADING MANURE OR OTHER MATTERS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Glegg Garvie and
Henry Skinner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents. on the
25th March 1882.
ROBERT GLEGG GARVIE, and HENRY SKINNER, both of the city and county of
Aberdeen, North Britain, "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR
SPREADING MANURE OR OTHER MATTERS,"
This Invention relates to an improved construction of machine or apparatus to
be used for spreading manure or other matter on to land, whereby the manure may
be evenly and regularly distributed.
The improved machine comprises a hopper which may be attached to an ordinary
cart or waggon, or to a special frame on wheels, and which hopper is filled with
manure from the cart. One side of the hopper is formed with a grating through
which pass one or more rows of spikes or spiked segments worked by means of
cranks on a shaft extending through the hopper, and driven by gearing from
another shaft to which motion is imparted by means of a pitch chain from a chain
wheel on the hub of the cart wheel, or it may be driven by toothed or other
gearing. These spikes are fixed on bars which are attached to the crank shaft, and
by the action of the cranks throw out the manure from the hopper, and are cleaned
in passing through the grating. The crank shaft may have any number of throws
or cranks on it. A second series of spikes on a rocking shaft near the top of the
hopper are caused to oscillate and traverse through between the lower spikes, and
prevent the manure escaping too fast. The rocking shaft carrying the upper spikes
is operated by a lever outside, actuated by a connecting rod attached to it, and to
a crank pin on the lower crank shaft, or on a disc or wheel driven from it. A guard
board is fitted at the side of the hopper to guide the manure, as it is thrown out,
into the drill.
The improved machine may be fitted with discharge gratings on each side to
deliver the manure to one or more drills, or the manure may be delivered on
to angled boards or other guides to divide it and throw it into any number of
drills.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert Glegg Garvie and Henry Skinner in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd September 1882.
ROBERT GLEGG GARVIE and HENRY SKINNER, both of the city and county of
Aberdeen, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR
SPREADING MANURE OR OTHER MATTERS
"
Our said Invention relates to an improved construction of machine or apparatus
to be used for spreading farm-yard manure or other similar material on to land,
whereby the manure may be evenly and regularly distributed.
The improved machine comprises a hopper which may be attached to an ordinary
cart or waggon, or to a special frame on wheels, and which hopper is filled with
manure from the cart.
One side of the hopper is formed with a grating through which pass one or more
rows of spikes or spiked segments worked by means of cranks on a shaft extending
through the hopper, and driven by gearing from another shaft to which motion is
imparted by means of a pitch chain from a chain wheel on the hub of the cart
wheel, or it may be driven by toothed or other gearing. These spikes are fixed on
bars which are attached to the crank shaft, and by the action of the cranks throw
out the manure from the hopper, and are cleaned in passing through the grating.
The crank shaft may have any number of throws or cranks on it. A second series
of spikes on a rocking shaft near the top of the hopper are caused to oscillate and
traverse through between the lower spikes to break up the manure and prevent it
escaping too fast. The rocking shaft carrying the upper spikes is operated by a
lever outside, actuated by a connecting rod attached to it, and to a crank pin on
the lower crank shaft, or on a disc or wheel driven from it. A guard board is
fitted at the side of the hopper to guide the manure as it is thrown out into the
drill.
The improved machine may be fitted with discharge gratings on each side to
deliver the manure to one or more drills or the manure may be delivered on to
angled boards or other guides to divide it and throw it into any number of drills,
or the manure may be distributed broadcast. Two or more hoppers and sets of the
improved apparatus may be fitted on one cart or waggon, or on a carrying frame
specially constructed for them. The improved machine or apparatus may be
fitted, alongside or level with the bottom, of the cart or waggon carrying the
manure.
Our said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
figure 1 is a side elevation, and figure 2 is a plan of a modification of the improved
farm yard manure distributing apparatus, as attached to an ordinary cart.
Figure 3 is an end view of the cart showing the improved apparatus.
Referring to these drawings the improved apparatus comprises a small hopper A
which is fitted to project over the end of the cart.
The outer end or side of the hopper is formed with a grating of iron or other
bars B extending upwards at an angle and backwards over the bottom of the cart
to form, the bottom of the hopper, as shown by the dotted lines in figure 1. Below
or outside the grate bars B is fitted a rotating crank shaft C, having two or more
cranks or bends to each of which are fitted, by a short connecting rod, several rows
of spikes or spiked bars D which are bung at their inner ends to links or rods E.
The rotation of the crank shaft C causes the rows of spiked bars D to rise alter-
nately through the grating B, to move outwards towards the end of the hopper,
and then to descend through the grating B.

page_text: The upward and outward motion of the spiked bars D causes them to carry
outwards a portion of the manure which is thrown from the cart into the hopper,
and on the top of the grating, B, and as the outer ends of the spiked bars D
descend through the grating the manure drops off and falls into the drills or on to
the land below. To facilitate the delivery of the manure from the hopper, the
outer ends of the spiked bars D are formed with rows of ratchet like teeth D',
which while aiding in moving the material outwards allow it to drop off readily
when the spiked bars D descend. To partially break up the manure as it is carried
out of the hopper A, and to prevent too rapid distribution a series of oscillating
prongs or spikes F are provided, and are carried on a rocking, shaft or shafts Fi
above the grating B. This shaft is caused to rock by means of a lever arm G at
one end which is connected by a rod g to a crank g on the end of the crank
shaft C, which actuates the lower set of spikes. The upper series of spikes or
prongs F are by preference made to move backwards while the lower sets D move
outwards, so that they may break and mix the manure, and the upper prongs F
may be made to oscillate in sets in opposite directions over the lower sets of spikes.
The upper rocking shaft or shafts F¹ is by preference fitted so that it can be raised
or lowered, and the lever G and connecting rod g, or other operating gear, may
also be so fitted that the distance of the prongs F from the grating, and the extent
of their oscillation may be varied to regulate the distribution of the manure. The
crank shaft C receives its motion by means of gearing from one of the cart wheels,
or when a special carrying frame is provided for the machine, from the axle or
from one of the carrying wheels of such frame.
For this purpose a toothed pinion H is fitted, on the end of the crank shaft C
in gear with a spur wheel H₁ on a short spindle I, on which is fixed a pitch chain
pulley J driven by means of a pitch chain K from a chain pulley L, which is
formed on or fixed to the hub of the cart wheel. A clutch I¹, provided with a
hand lever I is fitted on the spindle I to put the gearing into or out of action, the
wheel H being fitted loose on the spindle I, and being provided with prongs to
engage with the clutch I'. Angled boards M are in some cases provided to direct
the falling manure or other material into the drills.
When the grating B forming the bottom of the hopper A is fitted on a level
with the bottom of the cart, the sides or framing of the hopper may be in part
dispensed with.
Having thus described our said Invention, and the manner of performing the
same, we have to state that we do not restrict ourselves to the precise details of the
apparatus herein described and delineated, but what we believe to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein before
in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The arranging and combining of the parts of machines or apparatus for
distributing farm-yard manure or similar materials, substantially in the improved
manner herein described and delineated.
Second. As means for distributing farm-yard manure or similar material, the
combination with a cart, waggon or carrying frame, of a hopper with a bottom,
end, or side grating from which the material is delivered by ineans of a series of
traversing spikes or spiked bars, substantially as herein described and illustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
Third. The construction or arrangement of a hopper with a bottom, end, or side
grating through which a series of spikes or spiked bars are fitted and caused to
traverse for the purpose of delivering and distributing farm yard manure or similar
material on to land, substantially as herein set forth.
Fourth. The construction and combination with the grating B of the series of
spikes or spiked bars D, D', caused to traverse through such grating for the
purpose of delivering or distributing farm yard manure, substantially as herein set
forth.
Fifth. The combination, substantially as herein described, of the rows or series
of traversing spikes or spiked bars D with the series of oscillating prongs or

page_text: spikes F for breaking up, mixing and delivering or distributing farm-yard manure
or similar material.
Sixth. The arrangement and combination of the crank shaft C and gearing for
operating the traversing and oscillating spikes or spiked bars of manure distributing
apparatus from the waggon or cart wheel, or carrying frame axle, substantially as
herein described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
In witness whereof, I the said Robert Glegg Garvie, on behalf of myself and
the said Heury Skinner, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth
day of September, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and
eighty two.
ROBT. G. GARVIE (L.S.)