IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PRESSES FOR BALING OR BUNDLING HAY, COTTON, HAIR, OR OTHER SIMILAR PROVISIONAL SPFICATION
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Stewart Mair, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW
PRESSES FOR BALING OR BUNDLING HAY, COTTON, HAIR, OR OTHER SIMILAR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Stewart Mair at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1881.
CHARLES STEWART MAIR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PRESSES FOR BALING OR BUNDLING HAY, COTTON,
HAIR, OR OTHER SIMILAR MATERIAL."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of screw presses to
be used for baling or bundling hay, cotton, hair, or other similar material, for
convenience of shipment or transport, and it is designed to simplify and reduce the
cost of such presses, while enabling them to be operated with greater effect and
with less expenditure of power than heretofore.
The improved screw press consists according to one modification of a long
rectangular wooden box fitted with pressing rams or pistons, which are actuated
by means of strong screws at each end.
The screws pass through the ends of the box and work in screw eyes of strong
brackets fixed at each end of the box, and are fitted with cranks or hand wheels
outside. The inner end of each screw passing into the box is fitted with a collar
head working in a socket at the back of its ram or piston; the inner end of each
screw thus turns freely in its sockets while it moves inwards through the eye outside;
the rams or pistons thus approach each other within the box by turning the hand
wheels outside, and the hay or other material is placed between them and pressed
hard together into a bale. The box or chamber is fitted with a hinged door at the
top for filling in the hay or other material in a loose state, and a similar door is
provided in front for withdrawing the bay or material in the form of a bale, the
Dine R71

page_text: doors being preferably hinged, and secured when closed by strong retaining pins or
catches. The front door and the back of the box have long slots cut in them longi-
tudinally and at suitable distances apart, and corresponding transverse horizontal
grooves are formed in the faces of the rams, through which cords or wires are
passed and tied or fastened round the bale pressed between the rams.
The bale
is removed after tieing by unscrewing or sliding back the ram and opening the
front door.
The baling or bundling press may be mounted on legs or carrying frames, or it
may be mounted on wheels like a carriage for convenience of removal from place to
place.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Stewart Mair in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th April 1882.
CHARLES STEWART MAIR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW PRESSES FOR BALING OR BUNDLING HAY, COTTON,
HAIR, OR OTHER SIMILAR MATERIAL,"
My said Invention relates to improvements in the construction of screw presses
to be used for baling or bundling hay, cotton, hair, or other similar material for
convenience of shipment or transport, and it is designed to simplify and reduce the
cost of such presses, while enabling them to be operated with greater effect and
with less expenditure of power than heretofore.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood, I have hereunto appended for that purpose a Sheet of
explanatory Drawings to be hereinafter referred to, and representing a modification
of my improved baling press. In these Drawings the same reference letters are
used to mark like parts where repeated.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a side elevation, Figure 2 is a plan, and Figure 3 a
longitudinal vertical section of the press, while Figure 4 is an end elevation, and
Figure 5 a transverse section of the same.
The improved screw press comprises a long rectangular wooden box or case A,
the sides and ends of which are bound together and strengthened by iron bars e.
The box A is fitted with pressing rams or pistons B, B¹, which are connected to and
actuated by means of strong screws C, C¹, one at each end.
The screws C, C¹³, pass through the ends of the box A. and work in strong
revolving sleeves or nuts D, D¹, fitted in bearings formed by eyes in strong
brackets E, E¹, fixed at each end of the box, and which are in this example forged
in a piece with the strengthening and binding bars e. The screws C, C¹, may
however be made to revolve, and be fitted in screw eyes in the brackets E, E', in
which case the inner end of each screw passing into the box may be fitted with
a collar head working in a socket at the back of its ram or piston B, B¹, so that the
inner end of each screw may turn freely in its sockets while it moves inwards
through the eye outside. In the modification shown in the Drawings the nuts or
sleeves D, D¹, are caused to revolve to traverse the screws C, C, and rams or
pistons B, B¹, inwards or outwards. For this purpose hand wheels or spokes F, F',
are fitted on the Auts D, D¹, and the rams or pistons B, B', are made to approach
each other within the box by turning the hand wheels outside. The hay or other
inaterial to be pressed or baled is filled into the box between the pistons while they
are in their outward position, and by traversing the screws and pistons inwards the
material is pressed hard together into a bale. The box or chamber A is fitted with
a door A' at the top for filling in the hay or other material in a loose state, and a
similar door A is provided in front for withdrawing the hay or material in the form
of a bale, the doors being preferably hinged by the binding bars e, and secured
when closed by strong retaining pins or catches, as a. The front door A2 and the
back of the box have long slots G cut in them longitudinally and at suitable
5 distances apart, and corresponding transverse horizontal grooves G₁ are formed in
the faces of the rams B, B₁, through which cords or wires are passed, and tied or
fastened round the bale while it is pressed between the rams. The bale is removed
after tying by unscrewing or sliding back the rams and opening the front door A².
In working the press by hand other means than that shown may be employed for
Orotating the nuts or screws, such as pawl and ratchet arrangements; and when it ia

page_text: desired to work the press by other power than the hand, pulleys driven by belts or
toothed wheels in gear with wheels on a counter shaft are fitted on the nuts or
sleeves D, D', which traverse the screws C, C¹, or a motive-power engine may be
employed direct.
Slots or apertures through which the tying wires or cords are passed may be
formed in the bottom of the box A, and vertical grooves formed in the rams B, B¹,
to enable the bales to be tied by raising the top cover or door A.
The baling or bundling press may be mounted on legs or carrying frames, as
shown, or it may be mounted on wheels like a carriage for convenience of removal
from place to place. The form and construction of the box or casing A and of the
several parts may be varied, while still retaining the novel feature of working the
press from both ends.
Having thus described my said Invention and the manner of performing the
same, I have to state that what I claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,
First. The arrangement and construction, as herein described and shown in the
accompanying Drawings, of a screw press for baling or bundling hay, cotton, hair,
or other similar material.
Second. The arrangement or fitting in baling presses of rams and screws, with
means of operating the same at both ends of the press, substantially as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Stewart Mair, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness,
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER, C.E.,
96, Buchanan Street,
Glasgow.
CHARLES S. MAIR. (L.s.)