Improvements in Electrical Cut-outs for High Tension Currents.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Aug., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th June, 1893—Accepted, 22nd July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrical Cut-outs for High Tension Currents.
We, CHARLES EDMUND WEBBER, C.B., of Portland House, Basinghall
Street, in the County of London, and GEORGE HINDE NISBETT, of 248 Stanstead
Road, Forest Hill, in the County of Kent, Electrical Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to certain improvements in electrical cut-outs or fusible
connections for use with high tension currents of all kinds, and has for its object to
enable a longer fusible wire or connection to be disposed in a more compact space,.
and to be more impedetive to the formation of an arc than heretofore, and to
arrange the cut-out in such manner as to admit of easy and rapid removal and
replacement by another without danger and at small cost.
According to our invention we arrange the fuse with as long a path as may be
required and so dispose and confine it that when fusion occurs any resulting are
will be correspondingly elongated and shall follow the path of the fuse, as being
that of least resistance, and at the same time shall be unable to take the shortest.
lineal course or path, which shall be that of greater or greatest resistance. To.
accomplish this, we either wind the fusible wire or material spirally round a
"former" or core of cylindrical, square, polygonal, or of any convenient shape in
cross-section and made of slate, porcelain, or any other suitable non-conducting
material; or we elongate its path by zigzagging deflecting or otherwise arranging
same in a plain-surfaced core. Grooves of any suitable section may be formed in
said core, or in its cover hereinafter described, for the reception of the fuse, leaving
solid material between same.
The said core with the wound or elongated fuse is then inserted into a tube or-
sheathing of corresponding sectional form made of ebonite, rubber or any other
suitable material, into which it fits with reasonable tightness so as to efficiently
prevent arcing between any contiguous paths followed by the fuse.
The two ends of the fuse are electrically connected to plates or contact pieces.
which are fitted between contact springs or other convenient devices placed in the
circuit, and the whole is mounted in a suitable frame or box of insulating material...
Dated this 20th day of August 1892.
J. C. CHAPMAN, C.P.A.,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electrical Cut-outs for High Tension Currents.
We, CHARLES EDMUND WEBBER, C.B., of Portland House, Basinghall'.
Street, in the County of London, and GEORGE HINDE NISBETT, of 248, Stanstead
Road, Forest Hill, in the County of Kent, Electrical Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be.
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our invention relates to certain improvements in electrical cut-outs or fusible.
connections for use with high tension and extra high tension currents of all kinds,.
and has for its object to enable a longer fusible wire or connection more or less to .
be disposed in a more compact space, and to be more impeditive to the formation
of an arc than heretofore, and to arrange the cut-out in such manner as to admit of
easy and rapid removal and replacement by another without danger and at small cost..

page_text: According to our invention we arrange the fuse with as long a path as may be
required, and so dispose and confine it that when fusion occurs any resulting arc
shall quickly disappear.
We will fully describe our invention in reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively a side and end elevation of an arrangement
adapted for currents of extra high tension and comparatively small quantity.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are respectively a longitudinal section, an end elevation, and a
plan of a frame therefor.
Figs. 6 to 11 inclusive are plans and end elevations of alternative arrangements
of cores showing grooves or fuse paths adapted for currents having varying
combinations of pressure and quantity and hereinafter described.
"
In carrying out our invention, when the fuse is intended for extra high tension
currents (as for example-5,000 volts with 50 amperes), according to one method
we may wind the fusible wire or material F spirally around a " former or core C
of cylindrical, square, polygonal, or any convenient shape in cross section, and
made of silicious composition or any other suitable non-conducting refractory
material which will offer the greatest possible resistance to fusion. G G are
grooves or ways of suitable sectional area formed in the core C for the reception of
the fuse F. In this case the whole core C with its wound and suitably elongated
fuse F is inserted into a tube or sheathing T of corresponding form and made of
similar refractory material into which it fits with reasonable tightness so as to
efficiently prevent arcing between any contiguous grooves or paths G G followed
by the fuse.
When the fuse is intended for ordinary high tension currents (such for example
as 2,000 volts and about 250 amperes) its required elongation will vary more or
less with the pressure, change of direction rather than elongation being a condition
more favourable to the object in view. Therefore we zigzag, deflect, or otherwise
in accordance with circumstances arrange the fuse in a corresponding groove or
way formed either in the adjoining faces of a non-conducting core and its cover, or
through the interior of a solid core. Several arrangements are illustrated as
examples; Fig. 6 shows in sectional plan a serpentine arrangement of fuse and
path, the latter being formed by corresponding grooves in the faces of core and
cover, so that when the two are put together one closed serpentine fuse way will be
formed as shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 8 shows four straight fuse paths GG which may
be formed in the core as above or may be diagonally drilled straight through it
and left open at all the ends. Fig. 9 shows two straight paths G G formed as
above, and in Figs. 10 and 11 but a slight deflection or change of direction and
elongation of the fuse way is illustrated which may also be formed as above or by
straight drilling.
The variation of the sectional area of the fuse path will in every case be
dependent upon the quantity of current in the circuit.
In whichever manner the core and deflected fuse be arranged the two ends of the
latter are electrically connected to metal plates or contact pieces such as PP
which are shaped and adapted to be fitted between hard metal contact springs such
as S S or other convenient devices. The springs are fitted to blocks s. s. of
conducting material adapted to be placed in the circuit and fixed, as illustrated for
example in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, in a suitable frame or box such as B of earthenware or
other insulating material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In electrical cut-outs for high and extra high tension currents arranging the
fusible connection with as long a path as may be required and with one or more
changes of direction, either by winding the said fuse spirally in a confined groove
in a non-conducting core or by zigzagging or deflecting its path in or through a

page_text: non-conducting core in suitable degree, the fuse path being of suitable sectional
area and the said core and fuse being adapted for mounting and placing in the-
circuit, substantially as and for the purpose hereinabove described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
2. Electrical cut-outs for high and extra high tension currents constructed and
arranged substantially as hereinabove described and illustrated.
Dated this 20th day of June 1893.
For the Applicants,
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent..