IMPROVEMENTS IN MULTIPLE PUMPS
Year: 1883

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LETTERS PATENT to Arthur William Lovell Reddie of the Office for Patents
-66 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULTIPLE PUMPS communicated to him
from abroad by Dauphin Simmons Hines of Brooklyn William Alfred Perry
of Bay Ridge and Charles Campbell Worthington of Irvington all in the
State of New York, United States of America
"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Arthur William Lovell Reddie
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1883.
ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE of the Office for Patents 66 Chancery Lane
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, "IMPROVEMENTS IN MULTIPLE
PUMPS " a Communication to me from Abroad by Dauphin Simmons Hines of
Brooklyn, William Alfred Perry of Bay Ridge, and Charles Campbell Worthington
of Irvington, all in the State of New York United States of America,
The present Invention relates generally to that class of pumps which are
provided with two or more water cylinders and particularly to that class known as
packed plunger pumps," it being the object of the Invention to simplify and
improve the construction of these pumps so as to lessen the cost of production and
facilitate the renewal of worn-out parts.
To these ends the Invention consists in certain features of construction and
organisation whereby these results are accomplished, all of which will be
hereinafter fully explained and particularly pointed out.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig: 1 is a plan view of a multiple packed
plunger pump embodying the Invention, one of the water cylinders being shown
in cross section, and one with the force chamber removed;-Fig: 2 is a side
elevation of the same showing, one of the water cylinders and its force and suction
chambers in vertical section, and also showing one of the plungers in partial
section; and, Fig: 3 is a vertical cross section of one of the water cylinders and
its force and suction chambers
The present Invention although applicable to multiple pumps generally is shewn
in the present case as embodied in a duplex pump each side of which consists of

page_text: two water cylinders 10; two suction chambers 11; two force chambers 12; and a
double-acting plunger 13; the whole constituting four substantially independent
pumps A, B, C, D.-These four pumps are arranged in two pairs A B, and C D, as
shewn in Fig: 1, the plungers being located between them so that their opposite ends
enter the water cylinders of one of each pair.-The plungers where they enter the
cylinders are provided with suitable stuffing boxes, and are connected to rods 14,
through which they receive motion from the engine. The water cylinders, suction
chambers, and force chambers are cast in separate pieces as indicated; the induction
valve plates, 15, being interposed between the cylinders and suction chambers, and
the eduction valve plates, 16, between the cylinders and the force chambers. These
valve plates are provided upon their undersides with ribs 9 which give to them the
required degree of strength, and with a number of valve openings (nine, as shown
in the present case) through which the water is drawn into and ejected from the
cylinders. To secure the best results the aggregate area of the openings in each
of the plates should be equal, or about equal, to the area of the plunger, so that
the water will pass through said openings at a comparatively low velocity.-The
induction and eduction valves 7, 8 are of the usual construction, and are provided
with raised seats as shewn in Figures 2 and 3, so that dirt or sand passing into the
pumps is prevented from accumulating beneath the valves. By causing the valve
seats to project above the plates in this manner there is also provided a sufficient
amount of stock or metal to permit of the seats being faced off when worn
without destroying the plates or lowering the valves into the dirt.
The suction chambers are provided upon opposite sides with openings, 17, of
like size as shown in Fig: 3, the inside openings of each pair of chambers coming
together so as to afford free communication between the two. The outside opening
of one of each pair of the chambers is closed by a suitable cap or cover, 18, see
Fig 1, while the corresponding opening of the other of said chambers communicates
with the suction pipe 19.
The water cylinders are also provided at opposite sides with openings 20 of
sufficient size to receive the ends of the plungers as shewn in Fig: 2.-The inside
openings of the cylinders standing opposite each other receive the oposite ends of
the plungers and are provided with suitable stuffing boxes 21 which surround the
plungers and afford means for packing them in the usual manner.
The outside openings of one pair of the cylinders are provided with covers 22,
see Fig 2, while the corresponding openings of the other pair of cylinders are
provided with stuffing boxes 23, through which pass the plunger rods 14. All of
the openings 20 are of the same size, so that the stuffing boxes 21 and 23, and
the cap 22 can be readily interchanged, thereby making it possible to operate the
plunger from either side of the pump, and to place either side of the water
cylinders to the front.-The four water cylinders are also provided with cleaning
holes, as 24, having suitable removable covers through which the interior of the
cylinders can be reached for the removal of dirt or the adjustment or repair of the
induction valves.
The force chambers are provided at their tops with outlet openings, 25, which
connect through branches 26 with the main outlet pipe, 27, which latter is provided
with the usual delivery T pipe, 28, and air chamber 27.-The force chambers are
also provided with cleaning holes 30 having removable covers 31 through which
the interior of the chambers can be reached for removing dirt or adjusting or
repairing the eduction valves.
The plunger rods 14, instead of being secured directly to the plungers, are
secured to removable pieces, 6, bolted to the ends of the plungers, thus making it
possible to reinove and replace the plungers without disturbing the rods and to
renew one part without sacrificing the others.-The heads of the plungers are
provided with screw plugs 5, see Fig: 2, by which the water is prevented from
entering and circulating in their interior.
From the foregoing it will be seen that each of the four pumps constituting the
duplex pump is of exactly the same size and construction as the others, and also
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page_text: that the corresponding parts in the several pumps are exact duplicates, so that not
only can either one of the four be substituted for any other, but that any part of
any one can be substituted for the corresponding part of any other, and further
that the induction and eduction valve plates and valves in each pump are exact
duplicates and can be used in either position.
This feature of interchangeability is one of great importance in a pump of this
character, as it not only lessens the cost of production by avoiding the necessity
of producing a large number of parts differing from each other in shape and size,
but greatly simplifies the operation of assembling the parts and setting up the
pump, and to a still greater extent facilitates the replacing of broken or worn-out
parts. By making the corresponding parts in all the pumps exact duplicates of
each other, it not only becomes practically impossible to make a mistake in
ordering a new part, but the number of different parts is so reduced that it is
practicable for a person operating one of these pumps to keep on hand a single set
of the parts, so that a broken or worn-out part can be replaced without the delay
incident to ordering the same from the manufacturer.
By reason of this construction and arrangement it is also possible to introduce
the water from either side of the pump, which can readily be done by shifting the
pipe 19 to the opposite side of the pump as indicated in dotted lines in Fig: 1,
and it may also be turned so as to draw the water from the opposite direction.-
The water may also be discharged in any direction desired by shifting the position
of the delivery T pipe, which can be readily done by running the bolts which
secure it to the pipe, 27.-By reason of the openings 20 upon the opposite sides of
the water cylinders it becomes an easy matter as will readily be seen to reverse
the plungers and shift the stuffing boxes 23 and plunger rods 14, so as to operate
the plungers from either side of the pump.-All of these are features of great
importance in pumps of this class as these pumps are frequently located in mines
and other places where the space is contracted, and where it is impossible to
determine the exact relative position which the parts must occupy prior to the
actual setting up of the machine.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention of "Improvements in
Multiple Pumps" as communicated to me by my Foreign Correspondents, and
explained in what manner the same may be carried into practical effect, I
claim-
.A multiple pump consisting of a plurality of independent pumps, as A, B, C, D,
so constructed as to be interchangeable both as a whole and as to each particular
part, each of said pumps being provided upon its opposite sides with openings,
as 20, which are adapted to receive the stuffing box of either the plunger or the
plunger rod, and also with openings as 17 by which the induction pipe can be
attached at either side all substantially as described.
In witness whereof I the said Arthur William Lovell Reddie have hereunto
set my hand and seal the third day of December in the year of our Lord Oue
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.