Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 12th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1895
I CHARLES CHALLINER of 15 Plymouth Avenue Longsight, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a more mechanical method of
attaching and detaching pneumatic tyres for carriages for running on common
roads.
According to my invention I first mount upon the wooden felloe of the wheel
a metal ring of a trough-shaped section which may be undercut or dovetailed or
of other convenient section, or 1 may otherwise form the metal felloe or rim of
the wheel of such a shape as to suit the purposes hereinafter described; and I
further provide the wheel with a series of screws each fitted in a suitably formed
nut or screwed bush which may be provided with a collar at or near the centre, or
a shoulder or groove so as to fit into a recess provided beneath the felloe of the
wheel, and I secure the said nut or screwed bush in place by a suitable plate; and
in some cases this plate may be made in two halves so as to fit into the groove of
the nut or against the collar or shoulder for the purpose of holding the nut in
position.
One end of the nut or screwed bush projects beyond the inner surface of the
felloe and is squared or so formed that a spanner may be fitted to it to turn the
nut or screwed bush round (or they may be otherwise turned) so as to move
the screw inwards or outwards in the felloe, whilst the other end of it will be round
or otherwise so formed as to allow it to revolve.
The bolt or screw above named passes through a hole made radially through the
felloe and through the trough shaped metal rim, and to the head of the bolt or
screw is attached a segment (two or more bolts or screws being provided to
support each segment), and these segments fit round the inside of the periphery
of the trough shaped metal rim lying in about the centre of the trough.
These bolts or screws are fastened to their segments in any convenient way, and
when so fastened the screws are passed through the radial holes in the felloe before
mentioned, and each one engages into its own nut or screwed bush.
It will be evident that when the said nut is turned round to the right or to the
left, as the case may be, it will raise or lower the segment to which it is attached,
and the edges of the tyre cover being placed between the outside of the segments
and the inside of the metal rim the tyre will be released cr held firmly thereby.
In some cases I may reverse the nut or screwed bush and screw by fixing the nut
or bush to the segments and mounting the bolts or screws so that they may be
caused to revolve in holes made through the felloe.
Or I may make the segments in two pieces side by side and instead of raising
and lowering them I may cause them to approach or recede from each other by
means of right and left hand or other screws passing horizontally through the
raised sides of the trough shaped rim, so as to grip or release the edges of the tyre
cover.
The cover or wearing tread may be made of rubber or other suitable material
and strengthened with canvas or otherwise as may be desired.
Dated this 25th day of March 1895.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or applicable to Wheel Tyres.
I CHARLES CHALLINER, of 15 Plymouth Avenue, Longsight, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a more mechanical method of
attaching and detaching pneumatic tyres for the wheels of carriages running on
common roads.
The nature of my said invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed or carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference to
the annexed two sheets of drawings and the following explanation thereof.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section and Fig. 2^ an
underneath plan view of the felloe rim, and tyre of a wheel illustrating one
modification of my invention.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 4 a transverse section, and Figs. 44, 4B, 5,
6, 64, and 6B, similar views illustrating various slight modifications in the con-
struction and arrangement of the various details of the same invention as hereinafter
more particularly referred to and described.
and 3,
According to the modification of my invention illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 24,
I first mount upon the wooden felloe a of the wheel a metal rim or ring 6 of a
trough-shaped section which may be undercut as shown at Fig. 1 or dovetailed or
of other convenient section, or formed as hereinafter described, and I provide the
felloe of the wheel with a series of screws c mounted radially and each fitted in a
suitably formed nut or screwed bush d provided with a collar d* or a shoulder so as
to fit and be secured into a recess made in the underside of the felloe a for that
purpose; and I secure the said nut or screwed bush d into its place by means of a
suitable plate e, and in some cases this plate may be made in two halves so as to
fit into a groove on the nut or screwed bush d, or against the collar or shoulder,
for the purpose of holding the nut or busb in position and preventing it from moving
endwise.
The end of the nut or screwed bush d projects beyond the inner surface of the
felloe a, and is squared or otherwise so formed that a spanner or key may be fitted
to it to turn the nut or screwed bush d round (or they may be otherwise turned)
so as to move the screw c inwards or outwards through the felloe (see Fig. 2,
where it is shewn raised up) whilst the outer end of the said screw will be round or
otherwise so formed as to allow it to revolve.
The bolt or screw c passes through a hole made radially through the felloe a and
through the trough-shaped metal rim b and to the head of each bolt or screw is
attached a segment f (one, two or more bolts or screws being provided to support
each segment) and these segments, when the screws c are drawn down into their
bushes, as shown at Fig. 1, fit round the inside of the periphery of the trough-
shaped metal rim b, lying in about the centre of the trough as shown.
These bolts or screws c are fastened to their segments in any convenient way,
the holes through which they pass being slotted or oblong so as to allow for the
radial movement of the screws, and when so fastened the screws c are passed
through the radial holes in the felloe a and each one engages into its own nut or
screwed bush, and it will be evident that when the said nut d is turned round to the
right or to the left, as the case may be, it will raise or lower the segment to which
it is attached and the edges of the tyre cover g being placed between the outside of
the segments and the inside of the metal rim b the tyre will be released or held
firmly thereby. In some cases I may reverse the nut or screwed bush and screw
by fixing the nut or bush d to the segments and mounting the bolt or screw c so

page_text: that it cannot travel end wise, but may be caused to revolve in holes made througn
the felloe a as shown at Fig. 3.
In cases where the metal rim is of a plain trough-shaped section, the edges of the
tyre cover g may be turned inwards as shown at Fig. 44, and in such cases the
segments instead of pressing the edges outwards will press the same downwards
against the inner surface of the trough; and in wheels made without wooden felloes
where the rim of the wheel is of a trough like section I fix the bushes or the screws
to such rim direct.
Or I may make the segments f in two pieces placed side by side as shown at
Fig. 4, and instead of raising or lowering them I may cause them to approach to
or recede from each other by means of right and left hand screws h passing hori-
zontally through the raised sides of the trough-shaped rim b so as to grip or release
the edges of the tyre cover g, which cover or wearing tread may be made of rubber
or other suitable material and strengthened with canvas, or otherwise as hereinafter
described.
In some cases I may dispense with the right and left hand screw and attach a
separate screw to each segment and thereby tighten or release each segment
independently see Fig. 4B.
In some cases I prefer to employ segments of metal or other suitable material f+
(as shewn in section at Fig. 5) instead of the solid segments above described, in
which case provide the heads of the screws c with tee-pieces or dowels i (as shown
at Fig. 6) so that the ends of the hollow segments f+ can slide telescopically
thereon as shown at Fig. 6A, so as to allow for the radial movement of the
screws c and dispense with the slotted holes herein before mentioned.
Fig. 6B, is a reversal of Fig. 64, that is to say the tee-head i forms part of
the screwed bush d and the screw c is fixed as at Fig. 3.
In these cases I prefer to make the rim b of a plain trough section, not
undercut, and to turn the edges of tyre cover g inwards as shown at Fig. 5, so
that the segments f+ will press them downwards against the bottom of the
trough and hold them firmly in position. I prefer also to fix the centre part
of each segment by an ordinary screw bolt and nut, which nut would of course
have to be withdrawn entirely before raising the segment by means of the
screws c, to release the edges of the tyre cover g. Or I may use the tee pieces
or dowels with an ordinary screwed nut at each end of the segment, the screwed
bush being in the centre of the segment for the purpose of raising or lowering.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination with a dovetailed or undercut grooved metal rim outside
the felloe of a wheel, a series of segmental pieces (for holding the edges of the
cover of a pneumatic tyre securely in the groove) connected to the rim and to
the felloe by a series of screws attached to the said segments and passing through
screwed bushes or nuts attached to the felloe, in such a way that the said nuts
can be turned round but are not capable of endwise movement.
2. In combination with a dovetailed or undercut grooved metal rim outside the
felloe of a wheel, a series of screws attached to the felloe of the wheel in such a
way that they can be turned round but are not capable of end wise movement, such
screws passing through the felloe and the grooved metal rim and engaging with
screwed bushes or nuts attached to the said segments.
3. In combination with a dovetailed or undercut grooved metal rim outside the
felloe of a wheel, a series of segmental pieces made in two parts (for holding the
edges of the cover of a pneumatic tyre securely in the groove) such two parts
being capable of being moved horizontally nearer to or further from each other by
a series of suitably threaded screws passing through the same and through the sides
of the grooved metal rim.
4. In combination with a trough shaped metal rim with plain vertical sides

page_text: outside the felloe of a wheel a series of hollow segmental pieces of metal (for
holding the edges of the cover of a pneumatic tyre securely in the trough or groove)
in combination with a series of screws provided with tee-heads or dowels for
connecting the ends of the said segments, such screws passing through screwed
bushes or nuts attached to the felloe in such a way that they can be turned round
but are not capable of endwise movement.
All being constructed arranged and operating substantially in the manner and
for the purposes hereinbefore set forth and described and illustrated by the drawings
annexed.
Dated this 11th day of October 1805
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.