IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR WORKING WOOL AND COTTON
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peniston Grosvenor Greville, of Lombard Street, in
the City of London, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR WORKING WOOL AND COTTON."-A commu-
nication.
Sealed the 19th January 1855, and dated the 11th August 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peniston Grosvenor
Greville at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th August 1854.
I, PENISTON GROSVENOR GREVILLE, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR WORKING
WOOL AND COTTON " to be as follows:-
The cards and ribands employed for the above purpose have hitherto been
made of leather, india-rubber, or cloth, but more frequently of leather. They
are placed, in order to be used, on cylinders of different sizes, and after they
are so placed they are sharpened by a cylinder supplied with emery powder,
so as to give an edge to the teeth and to get rid of any unevenness which
may exist.
For machines used in carding wool, the course adopted, after the sharpening
above described, is to fill the cards and the ribands nearly to the bend of the
teeth with wool or cloth, prepared either with colza or linseed oil, so as to

page_text: make them hold to the bottom of the cards. The effect of this is to keep the
teeth in their position while at work, to make less waste, and to facilitate the
cleaning of the cards, which must be done every four or five days, according
as the wool becomes dirty. This process is very defective in this respect, that
the cloth when dry hardens the cards, deprives them of all elasticity, and
causes the teeth to break much sooner.
The cards made according to my plan possess much more flexibility,
preserve their elasticity as long as they last, (and their duration is much
greater than the ordinary cards,) and the wool is dispensed with, which when
used entails the additional inconvenience of rendering the greatest attention
necessary during the first week of its being placed.
My plan consists in the manufacture and application of a woollen or cotton
stuff, of a thickness varying according to the height of the teeth, but reaching
always to the bend of the teeth. This material, woven or not, is fixed before
the manufacture of the cards on leather, or other material employed for the
purpose, by means of strong glue, such as is used by cabinet makers, or any.
other proper glue.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peniston Grosvenor Greville in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 10th February 1855.
TO ALL TO
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PENISTON
GROSVENOR GREVILLE, of Lombard Street, in the City of London, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her leirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Peniston Grosvenor Greville, Her special licence that I, the said
Peniston Grosvenor Greville, my executors, administrators; and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Peniston Grosvenor Greville, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARDS FOR

page_text: WORKING WOOL AND COTTON," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Peniston Grosvenor Greville, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peniston Grosvenor Greville, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The Invention relates to an improvement in the manufacture of cards, such
as are usually employed in working wool and cotton, whereby such cards will
be well suited for the working of fibrous substances generally; and in order
that the same may be fully understood, I would first observe that the cards
and ribands hitherto ordinarily employed for the above purpose are made of
leather, or of india-rubber or cloth, but more frequently of leather. They are
placed in order to be used on cylinders of different sizes, and after they are so
placed they are sharpened by a cylinder supplied with emery powder, so as to
give an edge to the teeth, and to remove any unevenness that may exist. For
machines used in carding wool, the course adopted, after the sharpening above
described, is to fill the cards and the ribands nearly to the bend of the teeth
with wool or cloth, prepared either with colza or linseed oil, so as to cause the
wool or cloth to hold to the bottom of the cards. The effect of this is to keep
the teeth in their position while at work, to make less waste, and to facilitate
the cleaning of the cards, which must be done every four or five days, according
as the wool becomes dirty. But I would observe that this process is very
defective in this respect, namely, that the cloth when dry hardens the cards,
deprives them of all elasticity, and causes the teeth to break much sooner.
My improvements in the manufacture of cards consist in applying a
woollen or cotton stuff, of a thickness varying according to the height of the
teeth, but reaching always to the bend of the tecth, and which is fixed before
the manufacture of the cards on leather, or other material employed for the
purpose, by means of strong glue, such as is used by cabinet makers, or other
suitable means. The cards thus made possess much more flexibility, are far
more durable than the ordinary cards, preserve their clasticity for a much
longer period, and the wool which when used entails the inconvenience of
rendering the greatest attention necessary during the first week of its being
placed is dispensed with; also such cards will be applicable for carding flax.
and other fibrous substances requiring to be carded.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that I claim as my Invention,
the causing the lower parts of the teeth of the cards to be imbedded in suitable
material, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peniston Grosvenor Greville, have hereunto
hand and seal, this Tenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
my
P. G. GREVILLE.. (L.S.)