matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLE SPRINGS AND SADDLE COMBINED
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Forrest Walters at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th September 1881.
JOHN FORREST WALTERS, of 7, Queen's Road, Bayswater, London, W.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLE SPRINGS AND SADDLE COMBINED."
The object of this Invention is a special construction or arrangement of bicyclo
springs and saddle combined, whereby a rigid yet sufficiently elastic or yielding
scat is produced capable of adjustment to suit the height above the "backbone,"
and also its distance from the fork.
For the purpose of my Invention I fit circular or other shaped india rubber
blocks in metal rings or cases at the ends of bars or rods which are pivotted at a
suitable distance from the ends, so that the bars may be raised or lowered at the
ends and be fixed by a tightening nut. The lower set of rubber blocks are provided
with clips or attachments to enable the saddle to be fixed to the backbone, the
upper set having the saddle seat attached.
I prefer that the rubber blocks and their exterior cases be of round shape, so
that they may be easily shifted round to bring fresh surfaces into contact when
desired, the pins on which they are mounted having a tendency to embed them-
selves therein from the weight of the rider.
The arrangement of the bars is analogous to that of a camp stool or chair.
GENERATOR INCRUSTATION PREVENTIVE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th September 1881. A communication
from abroad by Isidore Frederic Baudet, of Anzin, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex.
GENERATOR INCRUSTATION PREVENTIVE,"
Isidore Frederic Baudet, of Anzin, France.
"AN IMPROVED STEAM
A communication from abroad by
I take 1500 grammes of hyposulphite of soda, 1000 grammes of rain water, and
1000 gramines of crude glycerine, mix these ingredients and use the mixture by
adding it to the water in the boiler or other generator. The above proportions
may be varied to some extent, but the above ingredients or their chemical
equivalents are to be used mixed together.
AN IMPROVED CRUSHING OR GRINDING MILL
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Peacock Savage, of West Winch, Lynn, in
the County of Norfolk, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED CRUSHING
OR GRINDING MILL."
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Putent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Peacock Savage at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th September 1881.
WILLIAM PEACOCK SAVAGE, of West Winch, Lynn, in the County of Norfolk.
"AN IMPROVED CRUSHING OR GRINDING MILL"
My improved crushing or grinding mill is provided with differential speeded
rollers or wheels; one revolves much quicker than the other although the two aro
about the same diameter. This tnill can be made with or without sieve or sieves,
with or without riddle or riddles, with or without a revolving screen to separate
or divide some of the bran or husk from the meal or flour, with or without a corn
elevator to carry up from the bottom hopper and deliver into the top hopper the
corn or pulse to crush or grind and save the filling the top hopper by manual labour
when the corn or pulse is on the same floor as the mill, with or without flour, meal,
or bran elevators, to fill the same into sacks, bags, or otherwise, when crushed
or ground. The difference of speed that one roller or wheel travels to the other
can be or is increased or diminished by taking off the cog wheels and
substituting others suitable for the speed required. These are fastened one on
each shaft or spindle, whereon are hung the crushing or grinding wheels or rollers
so as to be easily removed. These crushing or grinding wheels or rollers can be
made of iron, with or without a steel rim or tire, or they can if preferred be all of
steel. But whether the rollers or wheels are made of iron only or not the rim or
periphery I slightly cut or groove across or crosswise and then obliquely. Again
TD 077

page_text: if the steel rims or bands are used I cut or groove them in a similar way, but
one is cut obliquely
to form a rough
while the other is cut thus
surface. To make this mill more effective it can have added thereto a concave
steel toothed crushing or grinding surface under one or both rollers or wheels.
When not required the concavo can soon be removed. This concave is so
constructed that the steel cutters which form the surface can be easily taken out
and recut similar to the cutting of the rollers or wheels.
The mill may be made either single or double; in the double mill there are two
pair of rollers and the material either falls from one pair to the other or the
material may be elevated after it has passed between one pair of rollers to the
other pair.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING LEATHER BELTING
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bernard James Gibney, of the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING
LEATHER BELTING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bernard James Gibney at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1881.
BERNARD JAMES GIBNEY, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING LEATHER BELTING."
The short lengths of belting I join in a continuous length in the following
manner :- -The ends of each short length I cut scolloped, vandyke, or other shape,
so that one such shaped end will interlock with the next adjacent end; I then
unite both ends by stitching, known as "closing," the waxed thread, wire, whit
leather, or other thong employed to make the stitches, being embedded in the
upper surface of the belt, and for further security I rivet one or more pieces of
belting either lengthways or crossways upon the closed portions, or I may secure
the ends of the closed portions by means of staples or their equivalent. By
such means I obtain a flatter and considerably stronger joint than heretofore
obtained.

page_text: Witness,
H. W. GOUGH, C.E.,
Nottingham.
BERNARD JAMES GIBNEY. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN STANDS FOR BOTTLES AND SUCH LIKE ÅRTICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Rendall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1881.
GEORGE FREDERICK RENDALL, of Silver Street, Golden Square, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STANDS FOR BOTTLES AND SUCH LIKE ÅRTICLES."
My Invention consists of improvements in stands for bottles, whereby same can
with facility be taken from the stand or held in the stand and locked to prevent
their being withdrawn.
In carrying out my Invention I adopt mainly the following arrangements:-
One form consists of a stand, as, for instance, a liqueur stand for two or more
bottles. These bottles are placed on a tray or stand, the ends of which being
provided with spindles which take into the sides of the stand, whereby said tray
with bottles can be turned on said spindles and allow the bottles to be withdrawn.
On bringing the bottles with tray or stand back under the cross bar of the
stand, the tray is locked in any suitable way, and the bottles are then secured and
cannot be taken out.
Another form consists of having the tray acted on by springs either against the
spindles or the tray itself, so that the tray when locked is pressed up by the springs
and the bottles come under the cross bar, the tray being then locked.
To withdraw the bottles the stand is unlocked and the tray carrying the bottles
pressed down, thus allowing the said bottles to be withdrawn.
Another form consists of having one end of said tray hinged to one end of the
stand, and on being unlocked same with bottles are turned outward on the hinge.
A further modification consists of the tray being made concave on the underside
and resting on a convex surface, so that the said tray can be turned in a similar way
as when mounted on the spindles, as before described, the locking being effected in
any suitable manner.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PACKING TEA, COFFEE, GROCERIES, AND OTHER DRY GOODS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Ormerod and John Higson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1881.
EDWARD ORMEROD and JOHN HIGSON, both of Atherton, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PACKING TEA, COFFEE, GROCERIES, AND
OTHER DRY GOODS."
This Invention relates to the construction of an improved apparatus to be used
for the packing of tea, coffee, groceries, tobacco, and other dry goods into paper
bags for sale.
The apparatus consists principally of a suitable frame supporting an adjustable
box or mould in which the paper bag to be filled is placed, and an adjustable ram
above the same mounted so as to be capable of being depressed and raised again by
means of a lever and link.
The paper bag to be filled placed in the box or mould, which is open at the
top and of such dimensions that the bag just fills it, and its upper edge projects
above the mouth thereof. A suitable funnel or hopper is then placed in the mouth
of the bag and the tea or other dry goods are introduced therein.
The ram is then brought down by means of the lever and link and compresses the
goods into the bag.
The ram is then raised, and the mouth of the bag being folded over a gummed
or pasted label is placed on, and the ram again brought down,
The bottom of the box or mould is in the form of a loose plunger, and there is a
small catch on the ram which can at any time be put into gear with a rod attached
to this plunger, so that as the ram is raised the plunger rises also and lifts the
packed paper bag out of the box or mould. The operation is then repeated as
before.
The box or mould and the ram are so arranged that they can be readily removed
and others substituted, in order that the same machine may be employed for
packing bags of various sizes and dimensions.
In some cases I propose to use a pair of oval or excentric toothed wheels to
transmit motion from the handle to the link lever, so that the ram is caused to
descend quickly at first and then more slowly and with increasing pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SACCHARINE LIQUOR
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Pieper at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1881. A communication from
Dr. Paul Degener, of Berlin, Director of the Chemical Laboratory of the Society
of German Sugar-manufacturers.
CARL PIEPER, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, of 109-110, Gneisenaustrasse,
Berlin, S.W., Prussia. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SACCHARINE
LIQUOR." A communication from Dr. Paul Degener, of Berlin, Director of the
Chemical Laboratory of the Society of German Sugar-manufacturers.
This Invention has for its object a mode of treatment of saccharine liquor, by
which the generation of molasses will be effectually limited, and the formation ot
crystallized sugar accelerated and increased.
The contact of the partly cristallized sugar with hot surfaces in the vacuum-
apparatus under the present manner of operation causes a decomposition of a part
of the crystals, and the products of decomposition not only considerably reduce the
yield, but also retard the crystallisation.
While in the highest vacuum hitherto applied in the operation of evaporating
saccharine liquor, there is a pressure corresponding to a boiling-temperature, which
varies between 60 and 75 degr. centigrade, the inventor lowers the pressure by so
much, that the boiling-temperature does not exceed 575 degr. centigr. This
allows the temperature of the steam used for heating the concentrating-pans as well
as the vacuum-pan to be reduced without lessening the difference between the
temperature of the steam and of the liquor. In consequence of such reduction, the
inventor avoids to a great extent the prejudicial influence of a high temperature
on the latter.
For the purpose of facilitating the attainment of a vacuum such as stated, a more
perfect air-pump or other evacuating-apparatus than hitherto employed, by
preference a pump of Windhausen's design, is made use of; and, if it is considered
necessary, the vapors generated from the liquor in the concentrating-pans or the
vacuum-pan are absorbed by sulphuric acid, quick-lime, chloride of calcium, or other
agents of similar capacities.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS AND PAVEMENTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1881. A communication
from abroad by Jean Salvat, of Morceux, in the Republic of France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS AND PAVEMENTS." A communication
from abroad by Jean Salvat, of Morceux, in the Republic of France.
The improvements consist in using tar, sand, and pebbles in certain proportions
and ways.
I take sand, and mix with it sufficient quantity of hot tar until the sand is
thoroughly absorbed and amalgamated. I then prepare the surface of the ground
with concrete or broken stone, or burnt earth, and pour over the ground so prepared
the sandy tar mixture while hot, and level it. I then place a layer of clean pebbles
over, and allow them to stick in and become partially imbedded in the sand tar.
Sometimes I make this pavement in square or blocks by the use of moulds, and I
place the block in position, leaving a small space between and around them, into
which I pour hot sandy tar mixture, and set and fix them, and thus form a
pavement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH-PRESSURE REGULATING TAPS OR VALVES, APPLICABLE TO BALL AND OTHER TAPS OR VALVES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Osborne, of Brighton, in the County of Sussex,
Plumber, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH-PRESSURE REGULATING
TAPS OR VALVES, APPLICABLE TO BALL AND OTHER TAPS OR VALVES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Osborne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th May 1881.
GEORGE OSBORNE, of Brighton, in the County of Sussex, Plumber.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HIGH-PRESSURE REGULATING TAPS OR VALVES, APPLICABLE TO BALL
AND OTHER TAPS OR VALVES."
This Invention relates first to improvements in the arrangement and construc-
tion of high pressure taps or valves of the character described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to Henry Beach, dated the 26th August 1875, No. 2994,
in which a stop or additional valve is applied to the underside of a tap for the
purpose of cutting off the supply or passage of water or other fluid through the
ordinary valve and passage of the tap when desired to avoid the necessity of water
companies turning off the water from the main during alterations or repairs, or
to admit of the tap itself being repaired, thereby saving labour, expense, and
waste.
In the arrangement of the tap and valve above referred to, the additional stop
valve was placed on the underside of the ordinary passage and valve of the tap,
and much trouble and inconvenience is experienced in getting at the stem or spindle
of the valve to close or open it when required.
Now, according to my improvements, in order to obviate this difficulty, I place
the additional or stop valve near to or alongside of the stem of the ordinary valve
on the upperside of the passage of tap; I find it advantageous to place the stem of
the stop valve at an angle to the stem or plug of the ordinary valve, so that the
former can be readily turned to close or open the valve when required.
The construction of the tap and of the stop or additional valve may be
considerably varied, and the latter may be applied to ball and other taps to cut off
or regulate the flow of water or other fluid through the same.

page_text: necessary repairs to the ball valve without interfering with the water supply to all
other parts.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I would remark that I do
not claim any of the parts separately, which are well known and in common use,
but what I claim is,-
The improved arrangement, combination, and construction of high pressure and
other taps or valves by the application thereto of a stop or regulating valve, such
as b, b¹, the stem of such valve being placed on the upper side or upon the same
side as the stem of the ordinary valve a, a', of such taps or valves in order to
afford greater convenience for regulating or cutting off the flow of fluids through
such taps or valves, substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the
Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Osborne, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Tenth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
G. USBORNE,
(L.S.)
IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DECANTERS, BOTTLES, VASES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES FROM GLASS."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Pargeter Richardson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1881.
"
THOMAS PARGETER RICHARDSON, of Wordsley, in the County of Stafford.
IMPROVED APPARATUS OR MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
DECANTERS, BOTTLES, VASES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES FROM GLASS."
This Invention relates to the improved apparatus or means for the manufacture
of decanters, bottles, vases, and other similar articles from glass, whereby the said
articles are formed of the shape required, all of equal size.
Hitherto decanters, bottles, vases, and other similar articles of glass have
generally been made by blowing the articles into form with the aid of the usual
glass makers' tools, which in the case of difficult forms requires much labour and
skill. The articles have also been formed by being blown into a mould of the
shape required.
My improved apparatus or means is constructed of slides or plates of wood,
carbon, iron, or other suitable material of oblong form, one of the sides of which is
formed as half the outline of the article required.
Two or more of such slides or plates are fixed into frames by means of screws.
The frames containing the slides or plates are made to move between two grooved
bars or plates which are planed so as to enable them to be moved with ease. The
upper bars or plates are joined to a ring, and the lower ones, meeting in the centre,
are joined together. The upper and lower bars or plates are joined at their outer
ends by means of other upright bars to which they are secured by means of screws
or other suitable means,
The frames containing the slides or plates are moved backwards or forwards to
the centre, by means of levers, springs, or other well known means, the whole
being secured to a revolving shaft which may be fixed in a perpendicular, inclined,
or horizontal position. The motion to the shaft is given by means of a wheel
connected by a band passing over a pulley on the shaft or by other suitable
means.
The blowing iron is supported by means of brackets or standards set in a line
with the revolving shaft, and the whole secured to a bed plate mounted on wheels
for the convenience of removal.

page_text: In forming an article the metal is gathered on the blowing iron and partly
blown into shape, it is then introduced through the ring to which the upper bars
are joined and the slides are drawn forward to the centre, and are made to revolve
rapidly as they embrace the article. The workman then blows through the tube
till the article fills up the space formed by the revolving slides of the form
required. The slides are then drawn backwards from the centre and the article
taken out. The lip and upper part of the articles are finished in the usual way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTORS FOR FURNITURE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Beckett Harding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1881.
HENRY BECKETT HARDING, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTORS FOR FURNITURE."
This Invention refers to improvements in the description of castor known as the
ball and socket castor, and it consists in making the balls for such castors either hollow
or with a prepared sand core left in, or of some material, such for instance as light
wood covered with shells, or coating of metal, glass, or other suitable material,
the obiect of which is to be enabled to increase the diameter of the ball without
adding materially to the weight. In this description of castor I have found that
efficiency depends upon the diameter of the ball being duly proportioned to the
size and weight of the article to be supported and carried by the castor.
And as a
heavy castor ball would tend to decrease its own efficiency as well as to increase the
cost, I propose to remedy this by making the ball as light as possible consistently
with the strength required. For articles of furniture liable to be tilted, such as
chairs, and in order to take the bearing of the ball in the socket otherwise than
by two surfaces meeting in contact, I form the inside of the socket in a series of
diverging ribs following the internal line of the hemisphere from the apex to the
base, so that when the chair is tilted two only of these ribs are in contact with the
periphery of the ball at one and the same time. My Invention also comprises the
employment of a tapped socket secured to the foot of the chair or other article,
which tapped socket is to receive the screwed pin upon the apex of the socket
which receives the ball.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHODS FOR DECOMPOSING COMMON SALT AND OTHER CHLORIDES AND IN THE TREATMENT AND APPLICATION OF THE PRODUCTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Geoghegan Willans at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1881.
JACOB GEOGHEGAN WILLANS of 68 Priory Road West Hampstead in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHODS FOR DECOMPOSING
COMMON SALT AND OTHER CHLORIDES AND IN THE TREATMENT AND APPLICATION
OF THE PRODUCTS."
My Invention relates to the decomposition of salt or other chlorides by means of
silica and to the treatment of the resulting silicates and also their applications.
It consists in having silica in a fine state of division more or less suspended in
a burning or highly heated gaseous current in which salt or other chloride along
with watery vapour is also present or in having silica combined with an adhering
carbon (such as a mixture of sand and bituminous coal dust when coked) the
carbon in the compound to be burned away by air in presence of the chloride and
watery vapour at same time applied.
In both cases the particles of silica acting on the salt or chloride with which
they are in contact will decompose it, its chlorine being evolved in the form of
hydrochloric acid and its base becoming oxidized will unite with the silica to form
a silicate which is to be collected in any convenient manner.
When its cost and sufficient freedom from impurity admit of it I use the waste
Band previously employed in the grinding of glass for affording silica in a fine state
of division.
Instead of or along with watery vapour hydrogen gas or a compound of hydrogen
and carbon ignited by air may be applied.
My Invention also is
I pass the silicate in a state of division along with the hydrochloric acid at
same time produced through the interstices of or over heated carbonaceous matter
(or it may be through or over other refractory material) so that the silicate whilst
hot will be deposited from the hydro-chloric acid the latter passing onwards for
condensation in the usual manner.
I decompose the silicate of the alkalies by contact with lime or milk of lime
071

page_text: preferably under pressure with or without steam as occasion may require or by
fusion or fritting with lime or carbonate of lime in a furnace.
Other oxides or carbonates furnishing insoluble silicates may be used when such
silicates are required I apply the resulting silicate of potash or soda or lime or
other earth to the manufacture of glass, cement, pottery, paint, or in the manufacture
of paper.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR METHOD FOR FACILITATING THE CUTTING OUT OF LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S DRESSES, OR PARTS THEREOF, OR OTHER PORTIONS OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jane Godfrey Dowd at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1881.
JANE GODFREY DOWD, of Brusna Mills' House, King's County, Ireland.
"A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OR METHOD FOR FACILITATING THE CUTTING OUT
OF LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S DRESSES, OR PARTS THEREOF, OR OTHER PORTIONS
OF WEARING APPAREL."
This Invention relates to a mode or method for facilitating the cutting out of
ladies' and children's dresses, either in whole or part, the same being also applicable
for other parts of garments including underclothing.
For example we will take a ladie's dress or child's frock. At present the different
parts, such as sleeves, back, collar, neck band, pockets, and other parts are first cut
out in paper and placed upon the lining of calico, linen, or other material, which is
then cut out according to the paper patterns. This is a tedious process, especially
to persons who are not in the habit of cutting out articles of dress, as the different
patterns have to be carefully arranged in regard to each other, so that there shall
not be any waste of material.
My Invention consists in marking the required pattern or patterns directly on
the lining material itself, by stamping, printing, embossing, or other suitable means,
and so dispenso entirely with the paper patterns. In carrying out this Invention
I can either mark one size or set of patterns only on a piece of lining material, or
have a number of different sizes one within the other, in which latter case each
size may have some distinguishing mark which will be applied to cach corre-
sponding part in every pattern.
This mode of marking the patterns on the lining itself may be applied to the
body parts only, or to the whole dress, or to the body parts only, and paper
patterns used for the skirt; linings for the latter being not in every case required,
but for the former always.
In some cases the patterns for the different parts may be marked or impressed
directly on the dress piece or other garment without the intervention of any lining
material.
It is evident this Invention is also applicable for the marking of children's
dresses, pinafores, jackets, and other articles of wearing apparel, as also for
underclothing for both sexes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-LIGHTERS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Rigby at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th June 1881.
SAMUEL RIGBY, of Blackpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
FIRE-LIGHTERS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURING THE SAME.”
My Invention consists, first, in taking any kind of combustible matter, such as
wood, which may be charred or partly carbonized, in pieces of any convenient
size, and saturating them in any fatty, resinous, or other sufficiently combustible
fusible matter, they are then put into a vessel containing gluten in solution or
other substance containing oxygen, and are afterwards put into an oscillating vessel
or receptacle of suitable size and shape, containing sawdust, shavings of wood, cork,
or other similar dry and inflammable material which gives them an outer coating
in order to make them more convenient to handle and still easy of ignition.
In order to melt the fusible matter in which the pieces are saturated, I place
them in an angular or circular boiler or melting vessel with or without an inner
casing, which vessel is suspended upon centres so that it can be made to oscillate,
revolve, or shake, by hand, steam, or other convenient power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDS FOR BEDRIDDEN PERSONS OR OTHERS REQUIRING MEDICAL OR SURGICAL TREATMENT
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Shipton-Price at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1881.
EDWARD SHIPTON-PRICE, of No. 2, Granville Place, Alfred Hill, in the City of
Bristol. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDS FOR BEDRIDDEN PERSONS OR OTHERS REQUIRING
MEDICAL OR SURGICAL TREATMENT."
This Invention has for its object improvements in beds for bedridden persons or
others requiring medical or surgical treatment.
The bedstead consists of a table like frame supporting a platform or tray on
which the mattrass is laid. This tray is considerably longer than the supporting
table, and overhangs at the foot end. Here the tray is supported on the top of the
table legs, to which it is connected by joints or hinges. At the other or head end
the tray is supported by means of two curved racks, one at each corner, and these
gear with two pinions upon an horizontal axis,, which has its bearings under the
table beneath. By turning the axis by a handle provided for the purpose, the head
end of the bed can be raised or lowered at pleasure, and by locking apparatus it
can be secured in any desired position. At the head end of the table like frame
there is a handle, and the legs are provided with castor wheels, so that the bed can
easily be wheeled about from place to place, and this with the patient upon it.
The mattrass is made with a recess and a hole through it to receive an earthen-
ware funnel, which may be about 10 inches in diameter. The position of this
funnel is somewhat nearer to the foot of the bed than to the head. The funnel is
intended to receive the excreta of the patient, and it is connected by a pipe with
an earthenware receiver provided for the purpose upon the table like frame beneath
the tray or platform on which the mattrass is laid.
The lower blanket and sheet of the bed are laid upon the mattrass before the
funnel is put into its place; there are holes in them to admit the funnel.
The receptacle above referred to is provided with a cover closing with a water
joint, and there is a socket in the centre of the cover which receives the end of the
delivery pipe from the funnel; water in this joint renders it air tight.
For the purpose of cleansing the funnel after use without removing it from its
place, I provide water in a small cistern standing under the bed head, and a flexible
pipe connected with this cistern can be brought into the bed when required for use.

page_text: The flow of water is controlled by a stop cock at the head of the bed, where it can
be easily reached by the patient. This bed is very well adapted for use in
midwifery cases; the foot board is provided with a rest for the feet of the patient.
There is also a cradle at the bed head; it is jointed to an arm fixed to the bed
tray or platform in such manner that by turning it about the joint the cradle can
either be placed close along side of the bed, or it can be placed out of the way
behind the bed head.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL, TALLOW, AND GREASE LAMPS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Darling at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1881.
JOHN DARLING, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL, TALLOW, AND GREASE LAMPS."
The said Invention relates to improvements in oil, tallow, and grease lamps, and
has for its object to provide such lamps with a ready means for raising the wick.
The Invention is especially adapted to the grease lamps used by miners, or the
lamps used by stokers on board ship.
According to the said Invention a prong or picker-lever is mounted upon an
axis outside the wick-tube, so as when turned in one position to project into the
said wick tube. The said picker or prong is connected with a rod or bar sliding
in guides outside the lamp, so that by moving this bar the prong or picker-lever
is caused to protrude into the wick tube and seize upon and elevate the wick.
The said prong or picker-lever is so formed or jointed at its end, or otherwise
arranged as to pass the wick in its descent without lowering it.
A NEW AND ORIGINAL FASTENER FOR BOOTS, SHOES, AND GLOVES, TO BE CALLED THE REVOLVING BUTTON,' AND INTENDED TO BE USED IN LIEU OF AND TO SUPERSEED THE BUTTONS IN PRESENT USE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Abrahamson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1881.
JACOB ABRAHAMSON, Boot and Shoe Manufacturer, of 17, Graces Alley,
Wellclose Square, Leman St., London, in the County of Middlesex. "A NEW
AND ORIGINAL FASTENER FOR BOOTS, SHOES, AND GLOVES, TO BE CALLED
THE REVOLVING BUTTON,' AND INTENDED TO BE USED IN LIEU OF AND TO
SUPERSEED THE BUTTONS IN PRESENT USE."
This Invention is designed for the purpose of providing a means of fastening
boots, shoes, and gloves in a manner different from the present mode, and will be
a great improvement thereon, and will facilitate the buttoning of boots, shoes, and
gloves, and will do away with the necessity of using a button hook. By the uso
of this revolving button, the button hole is not only made less expensive to make
but is also greatly protected from wear, tear, and injury, nor will the revolving
buttons come off easily, and by their use and owing to their mechanical construction
the boots, shoes, and gloves so fitted will be stretched, tightened, and adjusted
to the foot and hands by the mere act of fastening. The revolving button can be
used with the ordinary leather button hole if preferred, but with the leather button
hole encased in a metal eyelet the button hole becomes pratically indistructible. My
revolving button is partially or wholly constructed of wood, leather, metal, papier
maché, vulcanite, and any other suitable materials.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THRASHING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Marshall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1881.
JAMES MARSHALL, Engineer, of Gainsborough, in the County of Lincoln.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THRASHING MACHINES."
According to this Invention, dressing shoes or riddles and shaker boxes in a
thrashing machine are operated from one and the same crank shaft, instead of by
separate shafts as now usual. The shaker boxes are supported at one end by bars
to which, by the operation of the shaft that works the said boxes, rocking or
reciprocating radial motion is imparted, and the said bars or some of them are
connected by rods or connections to the dressing shoes or riddles, and thus impart
to them reciprocating motion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Marshall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th September 1881.
JAMES MARSHALL, Engineer, of Gainsborough, in the County of Lincoln.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THRASHING MACHINES."
According to this Invention, dressing shoes or riddles and shaker boxes in a
thrashing machine are operated from one and the same crank shaft, instead of by
separate shafts as now usual.
The shaker boxes are supported at one end by bars to which, by the operation
of the shaft that works the said boxes, rocking or reciprocating radial motion is
imparted, and the said bars or some of them are connected by rods or connections
to the dressing shoes or riddles, and thus impart to them reciprocating motion.
Referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an end
elevation, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section shewing enough of a thrashing machine
to illustrate my Invention. A, A, A, A, represent the shaker boxes; B, the shaker
crank; C, C, C, C, irons which connect the shaker boxes to the rocking bars D, D;
E and E2 the rocking irons attached to connecting rods F1 and F2, secured
respectively to the upper shoe or riddle G', and the lower shoe or riddle G².
In operation the crank shaft B imparts rocking or reciprocating radial motion to
the bars D through the shaker boxes A, A. The rocking irons E¹, E2, and con-
necting rods F¹, F³, convey the motion to the shoes or riddles G1, G2, which are
thus operated from the same crank shaft as the shaker boxes. The top and bottom
shoes G¹ and G2 are supported in the usual manner by spring hangers attached to
the out side of the machine frame.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention of improvements in
thrashing machines, and explained the manner of carrying the same into practical
effect, I wish it to be understood that what I claim as secured to me under the
Letters Patent herein before in part recited is, in a thrashing machine working the
dressing shoes and shaker boxes both from the same crank, substantially as
described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Marshall, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
JNO. HARPER,
Morton,
Gainsborough,
JAMES MARSHALL. (L.S.)
OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRIVING POTTERS' WHEELS, LATHES, JIGGERS, AND OTHER MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACture of POTTERY
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Willett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th January 1881.
THOMAS WILLETT, of Burslem, in the County of Stafford, Potter's Engineer and
Machinist. "NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DRIVING POTTERS' WHEELS,
LATHES, JIGGERS, AND OTHER MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACture of
POTTERY."
This Invention consists of what may be termed a small rotary steam engine
acting directly upon the spindle or shaft of the potters'-wheel, lathe, jigger, or other
machine requiring to be driven, thus dispensing with long shafts, endless belts,
ropes, and other gearing.
In carrying out my Invention I take steam from a steam pipe into a revolving
head provided with suitable outlets, arranged at such an angle that the steam in
issuing from them imparts revolving motion to the head, and which tendency to
revolve is still further increased by the issuing steam blowing against suitable
projections formed on or surrounding the inside of the enclosed casing, into which
the steam escapes, and from which casing the exhaust steam is led into the drying
stoves, and thus is utilised over again for heating purposes.
By thus connecting one of these revolving heads to each of the spindles or shafts
of the machines above indicated I produce the revolving motion required.
Or instead of the steam being employed as aforesaid I sometimes blow the steam
on to vanes formed upon the outside of the revolving heads.
AN IMPROVED MAGNETIC COMB
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by John Morgan Richards at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th May 1881. A communication
from abroad by Patrick H. Drake, of the City of New York, in the County
and State of New York, United States of America.
JOHN MORGAN RICHARDS, of Charlotte Street, Bloomsbury, in the County of
Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED MAGNETIC COMB." [A communication from abroad
by Patrick H. Drake, of the City of New York, in the County and State of New
York, United States of America.]
This Invention consists in the combination of a comb with a permanent magnet,
whereby is added to the friction of the said comb upon the scalp any physiological
effect that may be derivable from the inductive action of the said magnet. The
comb may be made of hard vulcanized caoutchouc, known also by the names "hard
rubber" and "ebonite," and the magnet is enclosed in the back or body of the comb.
This magnet is a piece of steel made exceedingly hard by having been plunged
into water or oil while red hot. It is afterwards rendered magnetic by placing it
in contact with the poles of a magnet, or by inserting it in a helix or coil of wire,
properly constructed and circulating a current of voltaic electricity. When a
voltaic current is used for the stated purpose the magnetization may be deferred
until the said piece of hardened steel shall have been combined with the comb,
when the completed comb may be placed within the said helix or coil. At the
time of forming the comb from prepared plastic caoutchouc the piece of hardened
steel, before or after its magnetization, is placed in position by imbedding it in the
said material, which when solidified by subsequent steps in the process of
vulcanization holds the said piece of steel firmly in place, the back or body of the
comb being also strengthened and stiffened by the piece of steel.
The comb may be made of some other suitable material in lieu of the said
caoutchouc, for example, common horn or the so called celluloid, and the said piece
of hardened steel or magnet may be placed in a chamber or recess formed in such
a comb by cutting or pressing, or the said piece of steel may be attached to the
outside of the comb by means of screws or rivets; in such case also it may serve to
strengthen and stiffen the body or back of the comb. I am aware that it has been
proposed to construct a comb the teeth of which should be made of silver and
zinc or any other two appropriate dissimilar metals arranged alternately and so as
to form a voltaic system or battery, therefore I do not intend to make any claim
to the same.
AN IMPROVED SNAP OR FASTENING APPLICABLE TO PURSES, BAGS, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard James Secundus Joyce at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th July 1881.
RICHARD JAMES SECUNDUS JOYCE, of the Firm of Weintraud, Joyce, and
Company, of No. 18, Aldermanbury, in the City of London, Manufacturers.
"AN IMPROVED SNAP OR FASTENING APPLICABLE TO PURSES, BAGS, AND
VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES."
This Invention relates to an improved snap or fastening applicable to purses,
bags, and various other articles, and consists of two sliding pieces arranged between
enclosing plates, the latter forming the casing of the fastening.
The sliding pieces are arranged opposite an opening through the centre of the
outer plates of the fastening, their inner edges are bevilled and also curved, so
that a space is formed between them, and they are pressed together by light
springs (preferably coiled) acting on the back of them.
The said sliding pieces are kept in position by guides, between which they freely
move.
If the snap is fitted to, say, a purse, the body of it is provided with a stud, the
latter having a head with bevilled edges, and the casing which contains the sliding
pieces and which forms the fastening proper is attached to the flap of the purse.
To close the article it is simply necessary to press the central opening in the
snap onto the head of the stud, when its bevilled edges act upon the sliding
pieces, causing them to separate so as to allow the head of the stud to pass
through, when the sliding pieces close again under the action of their springs and
grip or enclose the stem of the stud so fastening the article.
To unfasten, it is simply necessary to lift the flap of the purse, when the bevilled
edges on the underside of the stud head again separate, the sliding pieces allowing
the head to pass through, and the article is then open.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Robertson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1881.
JOSIAH ROBERTSON, of No. 6, St. Margaret's Terrace, High road, Kilburn, in
the County of Middlesex. " IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND SHOES."
According to my present Invention I insert into the upper of a boot or shoe over
the instep and joints of the foot a piece of elastic webbing, and covering this
is a flap of leather attached to or forming part of the upper on one side, and
secured on the other side by means of buttons entering button holes on the flap,
such button holes being of such length as to allow a certain amount of play for
the buttons therein.
By this construction the boot or shoe while presenting the ordinary appearance
of a button boot or shoe, affords a freedom of expansion over the instep and
joints due to the elastic webbing, the play of the buttons in the button holes
allowing of such expansion.
In some cases instead of or in addition to allowing the buttons a certain
amount of play in the button holes, the buttons may be attached to the upper
by pieces of elastic cord, so as to yield somewhat as the boot expands, as above
described.
According to another modification, instead of attaching the above described
elastic material on both sides by sewing to the upper, the one side is left unattached,
and is provided with button holes which button on to the same buttons that serve
for the outside button flap. Or I provide in addition to the said piece of elastic
material, sewn on both sides, an inner flap of elastic material formed with button
holes to attach to the said buttons underneath the outside button flap.
IMPROVED FASTENING FOR BRACELETS, COLLARS, NECK-CHAINS, AND ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE AS A DRESS FASTENER FOR SECURING ARTICLES OF DRESS FOR LADIES' AND GENTLEMEN'S WEAR
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Doodey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1881.
"AN
OTHER
JAMES DOODEY, Jeweller, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
IMPROVED FASTENING FOR BRACELETS, COLLARS, NECK-CHAINS, AND
ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE AS A DRESS FASTENER
FOR SECURING ARTICLES OF DRESS FOR LADIES' AND GENTLEMEN'S WEAR."
My Invention consists in stamping out (or otherwise forming) in one piece of
metal, having the desired shape, the centre portion or tongue of which is cut a
little longer than the sides, for the purpose of being inserted into that portion of
the snap to which it is secured by solder or otherwise; on the edges or sides (near
the bottom) of this shaped piece of metal before mentioned (forming the fastener)
a small detent is formed, and then turned outwards, projecting at right angles to the
tongue or centre to be actuated by the finger and thumb in releasing the detents,
the said projections lying and working in a suitable rectangular slot in that portion
of the snap to which this piece is secured by the tongue before mentioned; from
this shaped piece of metal (or fastener) a portion is cut away on each side of the
centre part or tongue, and that part forming the sides and contour of my improved
fastener, which gives that portion where the detents are formed a springy and
elastic nature. On the other end of the bracelet, collar, or otherwise, is secured the
ordinary box or snap for receiving the fastener, provided with a suitable recess for
receiving the fastener with its detents before mentioned. The act of connecting and
disconnecting is simply performed by compressing the two small projections before
referred to, which releases the detents, and which is assisted by the spring like
action of the sides on which the detents are formed; thus the fastening and
unfastening is performed in a simple and efficient manner, giving great security to
the article worn.