Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct.; 1895
Complete Specification Left, 25th July, 1896-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
I, RICHARD NORVILLE WATSON SMITH, Carpet Manufacturer, Stonefield
Works, Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
The object of my invention is to effect the weaving of double cloth in which a
Jacquard machine is used at the greatest possible speed and at the same time to
bind the floating warps which are moved from the one cloth to the other in a firm
and suitable manner.
The figure forming warp threads are divided in the Jacquard machine as in the
invention described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me.No. 8078
of 1894 and the Jacquard machine simultaneously-raises and lowers the parts of
those warps as arranged in the card or design. The said pile warp threads are
each separately wound on a bobbin and placed in a bank and controlled by a weight
as in the weaving of Brussels carpets.
In a web in which four pile forming warps are used I weave it as follows:-Of
the four pile or figure forming warps two are in the upper and two in the lower
cloth. A stuffer warp and two binder chains are used in each cloth. A shuttle
for the top cloth and a shuttle for the bottom.cloth are shot simultaneously. . In
the top cloth two of the pile warps, a stuffer warp and the one binder warp are
raised and the other binder depressed when the shuttle crosses. In the bottom
cloth two pile warps, the stuffer and a binder are depressed and the other binder
raised when the shuttle crosses. Those movements are all simultaneous and are
all produced by one movement of the crank shaft of the loom,-thus making the
foundations for the two cloths.
At the next shot in the top cloth one of the pile warps is lowered to the bottom
of the bottom cloth, the other pile warp, the stuffer and the binder which was
previously raised are depressed. and the other binder raised before the shuttle
crosses.
In the botton cloth the pile warps, the stuffer and the binder previously
depressed are all raised and the other binder lowered down, then the shuttle
crosses, thus binding in the floating pile warp of the top cloth into the back of the
bottom cloth by the weft shot of the lower shuttle. Those movements are also
simultaneous and are produced by one revolution of the loom crank shaft.
At the next shot the pile warps, stuffers and binders are brought into the same
position as at the first shot, and at the following shot the same as at the second
shot, excepting that the part of the pile figured warp, that may be raised or
lowered from the one cloth and bound into the opposite cloth from which it came,
may be any combination of the said four pile warps as may be actuated by the
needles in the Jacquard machine as arranged by the card in the design to be
produced.
Thus with two revolutions of the crank shaft Isimultaneously, produce a perfect
jacquard double cloth in which the pile figure warps are raised or lowered from
the one cloth to the other and woven into the opposite cloth from which they
started by a suitable weft shot. The top and bottom cloths are subsequently
severed by a suitable knife or knives.
I may depress the one binder chain and hold up the other binder chain in the
upper cloth for two revolutions of the crank shaft thus making them only cross or

page_text: reverse their positions once for every two shots of weft in place of as described
making them reverse their positions with every revolution of the crank shaft.
1 may also make the cloth without the stuffer in the upper cloth using only the
pile warps and binder warps. I may only use one pile figure forming warp or
I may use three or more pile figure forming warps. I may also make the bottom
cloth in the various ways referred to as applied to the top cloth.
Dated this 24th day of October 1895.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
I, RICHARD NORVILLE WATSON SMITH, Carpet Manufacturer, Stonefield
Works, Paisley in the County of Renfrew, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect the weaving of double cloth, in which a
Jacquard machine is used, at the greatest possible speed, and at the same time to
bind the floating warps which are moved from the one cloth to the other in a firm
and suitable manner.
The figure forming warp threads are divided in the Jacquard machine as in the
invention described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me No. 8078
of 1894 and the Jacquard machine simultaneously raises and lowers the parts of
those warps as arranged in the card or design. The said pile warp threads are
each separately wound on a bobbin and placed in a bank and controlled by a weight
as in the weaving of Brussels carpets.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying diagram under one example
which relates to a web in which four pile forming warps are used and which
I weave as follows. Of the four pile or figure forming warps two A, B, are in the
upper cloth X and two C, D, in the lower cloth Y. A stuffer warp E, and two
binder chains F, G, are used in each cloth. A shuttle for the top cloth X and a
shuttle for the bottom cloth Y are shot simultaneously. In the top cloth ✗ two
of the pile warps A, B, the stuffer warp E, and one binder warp F, are raised and
the other binder G, depressed when the shuttle crosses. In the bottom cloth Y
two pile warps C, D, the stuffer E, and a binder F, are depressed and the other
binder G raised when the shuttle crosses. Those movements are all simultaneous
and are all produced by one movement of the crank shaft of the loom, thus making
the foundations for the two cloths.
At the next shot in the top cloth X the pile warp B is lowered to the bottom of
the bottom cloth Y, the other pile warp A, the stuffer E, and the binder F, which
was previously raised are depressed and the other binder G is raised before the
shuttle crosses.
In the bottom cloth Y the pile warps C, D, the stuffer E, and the binder F,
previously depressed are all raised and the other binder G lowered down, then the
shuttle crosses, thus binding in the floating pile warps B of the top cloth X, into
the back portion of the bottom cloth Y by the weft shot of the lower shuttle.
Those movements are also simultaneous and are produced by one revolution of the
loom crank shaft.
At the next weft shot the pile warps A, B, C, D, stuffers E and binders F, G,
are brought into the same position as at the first shot, and at the following shot
the same as at the second shot, excepting that the part of the pile figured warp,
that may be raised or lowered from the one cloth and. bound into the opposite

page_text: cloth from which it came, may be actuated by the needles in the Jacquard machine
as arranged by the card in the design to be produced.
Thus with two revolutions of the crank shaft I simultaneously produce a perfect
jacquard double cloth in which the pile figure warps A, B, C, D, are raised or
lowered from the one cloth to the other and woven into the opposite cloth from
which they started by a suitable weft shot. The top and bottom cloths are
subsequently severed by a suitable knife or knives.
I may depress the one binder chain and hold up the other binder chain in the
upper cloth X, for two revolutions of the crank shaft thus making them only cross-
or reverse their positions once for every two shots of weft in place of as described.
making them reverse their positions with every revolution of the crank shaft.
may also make the cloth without the stuffer E in the upper cloth X using only
the pile warps and binder warps. I may only use one pile figure forming warp or
I may use three or more pile figure forming warps. I may also make the bottom.
cloth Y in the various ways referred to as applied to the top cloth.
I
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
The manufacture of pile fabrics as double cloth in which the shuttles for the
top and bottom cloth are thrown simultaneously and the pile figure is formed by
raising or lowering the pile warps from one cloth to the other and the floating
warps securely bound by the weft shots, substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of July 1896.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agent,
62 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.