IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING FURNACES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul Charpentier, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité,
Paris, in the Republic of France, Civil Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING FURNACES."
Sealed the 27th February 1874, and dated the 6th September 1873.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Paul Charpentier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 6th September 1873, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PAUL
CHARPENTIER, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR HEATING FURNACES," and have petitioned Her Majesty to
grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal
Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that
I verily believe myself to be the first and true Iinventor thereof..

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Paul Charpentier, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal,
fully describes and ascertains the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, reference being had to the
Drawing hereto annexed and forming part of this Specification, and to
the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in improvements in apparatus for heating
furnaces by which I effect complete combustion under a constant volume,
and the principle and application of which are described in the Speci-
fication of Letters Patent, granted to me and dated the Seventh day of
June, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, No. 1720.
To make my Invention better understood, I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing.
I have found that the gas generator described in the Specification of
the said Letters Patent cannot always conveniently be placed outside the
heating apparatus; I employ in such cases an interior. gas generator,
which I construct by modifying the construction of the fire-place, and
employing one of the following arrangements :-
Firstly. If sufficient space is available in front of the furnace or
heating apparatus, such for instance as a steam boiler with boiler tubes, I
employ the arrangement shewn at Figures 1 and 2. Three of the
interior faces or sides of the gas generator are formed by the sides of the
fire-place. The back face A, Figure 1, is brought forward in front of
the boiler a distance which may vary and forms a slight incline facili-
tating the descent of the fuel fed through the air-tight closing hopper B.
If the grate is wide enough I can apply two hoppers instead of one.
The grate may be cleaned at the top or bottom through the door C, the
ash-pit is closed air-tight by a door D, and a flattened pipe R conducts a
blast; an annular jet of steam G passes through the centre of this pipe
and produces a current of air. The gases produced and partly inflamed
pass off in the direction of the boiler tubes, and before entering the
flues they pass through the tuyere L, constructed of pieces of fire-brick or
of pieces of cast iron protected by pieces of fire-brick.
The gases, either ignited or not, are conducted to the centre at A,
Figure 2, and spread out in the form of sheets or streams, and are
surrounded and cut at an angle that may vary at option by two streams

page_text: of cold or hot air C and D, supplied under the pressure of a blast which
forces the air through the pipe E into the box F, whence it is distributed
equally into the two conducts C and D, and is fed to and completes the
combustion of the flame.
I can also if required conduct another stream of air to the opening of
the boiler tubes at M, in the direction of the axis of the starting point
of the flame L, so as to commence the combustion more actively. The
flues are narrowed and the gases which have been completely burnt are
directed towards a hydraulic regenerator, similar to that described in the
Specification of my former Letters Patent in order to produce the com-
bustion with the same volume.
Secondly. I can use the present arrangement of fire-places, and the
same mode of charging by the front door N, Figure 3; in this case I do
away with the front body A, Figure 1. The grate is or is not inclined,
lowered, or kept in its usual position. The other arrangements are the
same as those herein-before described, the stream of air at M may or may
not be used.
In general, but chicfly in the latter case, the gas dischage door should
be slightly opened when the feeding takes place, and as at that time a
larger quantity of gases is produced a larger quantity of air must be
supplied to the tuyere and less to the grate. To effect this object I
connect automatically to the feeding door N the levers, rods, or con-
necting rods working the valves or registers, distributing the air so as to
open one while the other is closed.
The operation of the registers may also be rendered independent, and
their opening regulated by the stoker by means of notches on their rod.
I can also connect the rods of these registers by a similar slide to that of
Stephenson. The principle on which this combination is made is shewn
at Figure 4; R is the register for admitting air to the tuyere; S, the
register for admitting air to the grate. The rods of the two registers are
connected by means of lever arms and connecting rods to the door N,
and when this door opens the register S is closed more or less and the
register R opened wider. The connecting rod T may be fixed at its
extremity O at any suitable point of the rod S, and the joint P at any
suitable point of the rod R. By a similar means I can connect the
opening to the automatic closer of the cock for the steam arriving at G,
and of the discharge register of the burnt gases by the motion of the
door N.

page_text: Having now described my Invention and the manner in which 'the
same is to be performed, what I claim is,―
Firstly. The mode of converting the ordinary fire-place into an
internal gas generator or into an apparatus producing like effects, as
herein-before described and represented in Figures 1 and 3 of the t
accompanying Drawing.
Secondly. The employment of the tuyere constructed as herein-before
described and represented in Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawing,
and placed at any part of the travel of the gases.
Thirdly. The employment of the hydraulic regenerator described in 1
the Specification of my former Letters Patent in combination with the
peculiar arrangements, as herein-before described.
Fourthly. The arrangement by which the automatic working of the
valves or registers, as also that of the steam pipes and discharge registers
of the burnt gases by means of the furnace door is effected, as herein- 1
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul Charpentier, have hereto set my.
hand and seal, this Third day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three.