Improvements in Spinning Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 28th Feb., 1894--Accepted, 31st Mar., 1894
Improvements in Spinning Machines.
We, ROBERT BAYNE of 5 Montrose Street, in the City of Glasgow, Commission
Agent, WALTER MCGEE and DAVID MCGEE, both of the Firm of Walter McGee
& Son, Engineers, Paisley, Renfrewshire, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines for spinning hemp, flax, manilla, coir and
other similar fibres and their tows or slivers into a continuous yarn without break
or splice.
The fibre is fed by hand through a hollow spindle carried in bearings on the
frame or stand of the machine. It is then led over a small pulley or guide roller
centred on a flyer which consists of a kneed piece projecting from a boss keyed or
otherwise secured on the hollow spindle, the fibre being then threaded through an
eye at the outer end of the flyer from whence the yarn passes to and is wound on a
bobbin hereinafter referred to.
On the hollow spindle there is fixed a toothed pinion which is driven by another
pinion keyed on the main driving shaft of the machine. The driving shaft is
carried in bearings at the centre of the machine frame and in lieu of the pinion
gearing a belt and pulley arrangement may be substituted but in either case the
driving shaft is or may be turned by a handle or crank fixed thereto or by steam or
other motive power.
In line with the hollow spindle there is another spindle on which is keyed the
bobbin whereon the yarn is wound as it comes from the flyer and the said spindle
has also keyed upon it a pulley over which hangs a weighted strap which acts as a
brake on the bobbin spindle thus making the speed of the bobbin spindle somewhat.
slower than the speed of the flyer and imparting the desired twist to the yarn, the
weight on the brake strap being increased or diminished according to the number of
twists per inch desired.
A third spindle having a reversing screw and which has its axis parallel to the
axis of the bobbin spindle is carried in bearings on an extension of the brackets
carrying the bobbin spindle. This spindle, which is driven by gearing from the
main spindle, has a nut working on it which has a projecting arm keyed on the
bobbin spindle and which carries the bobbin backwards and forwards in coiling
the yarn.
If desired a differential motion can be applied to the machine in order that the
speed of the bobbin may be increased as its diameter is increased. This differential
motion consists of two cone pulleys one being secured on the main driving shaft the
other which is keyed on the bobbin spindle being driven from the first cone by a
belt. The second cone pulley is so adjustably keyed to the bobbin spindle that it
maintains its position whilst the spindle moves to and fro. The driving belt passes
through an eye in a travelling bar carried in brackets fixed to the machine frame
and which traverses the belt on the cone pulleys the bar being caused to travel in
the desired direction by the action of a cord one end of which is attached to it the
other end being wound upon a pulley or drum keyed on a short spindle at right
angles to the bobbin spindle. To the travelling bar there is also attached one end
of another cord whose opposite end takes over a guide pulley, and has a depending
weight which keeps a slight tension on the bar.
In conjunction with the cord drum a ratchet is provided which is operated by a
pawl centred on a lever loose on the cross spindle said lever having one end of a
connecting rod attached to it the other end being connected to a stud on the nut on

page_text: the reversing screw. When this nut has travelled the full extent of the screw the
bobbin has had one coil of yarn wound upon it, and as the ratchet has been turned
to the extent of one tooth and a portion of the cord consequently wound upon the
drum, the belt is shifted the requisite distance upon the cone pulleys by means of
the travelling bar. In conjunction with the ratchet there is provided a second
pawl so placed as to prevent the ratchet being pulled back by the weight.
When the differential motion is applied to the machine the tension pulley on the
bobbin spindle is dispensed with.
For short fibred material an adjustable arrangement consisting of a pair of
feeding rollers is attached to the machine in front of the hollow spindle and driven
in any convenient manner from the main driving shaft.
The spinning apparatus is intended to be duplicated on the machine frame there
being only one driving shaft.
Dated this 27th day of April 1893.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.
Improvements in Spinning Machines.
We, ROBERT BAYNE of 5 Montrose Street, in the City of Glasgow, Commission
Agent, WALTER MCGEE and DAVID MCGEE, both of the Firm of Walter
M Gee & Son, Engineers, Paisley, Renfrewshire, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines for spinning hemp, flax, manilla, coir and
other similar fibres and their tows or slivers into a continuous yarn without break
or splice and as illustrated in side elevation at Figure 1 and in front elevation
at Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings the improved machine consists of a
framing A on which is carried in brackets B a hollow spindle C through which the
fibre is fed by hand. The fibre is then led over a small pulley D or guide roller
centred on a flyer E which consists of a kneed piece projecting from a boss
keyed or otherwise secured on the hollow spindle C the fibre being then threaded
through an eye F at the outer end of the flyer from whence the yarn passes to and
is wound on a bobbin G hereinafter referred to.
On the hollow spindle C there is fixed a toothed pinion H which is driven by
another pinion I keyed on the main driving shaft J of the machine. The driving
shaft is carried in bearings at the centre of the machine frame, and in lieu of the
pinion gearing a belt and pulley arrangement may be substituted, but in either
case the driving shaft is or may be turned by a handle or crank fixed thereto, or
by steam or other motive power.
In line with the hollow spindle C there is another spindle K on which is keyed
the bobbin G whereon the yarn is wound as it comes from the flyer E and the
said spindle has also keyed upon it a pulley L over which hangs a weighted
strap M which acts as a brake on the bobbin spindle thus making the speed of
the bobbin spindle somewhat slower than the speed of the flyer and imparting the
desired tension to the yarn, the weight on the brake strap being increased or
diminished according to the number of twists per inch desired.
A third spindle N having a reversing screw and which has its axis parallel to
the axis of the bobbin spindle is carried in bearings on an extension of the
brackets carrying the bobbin spindle. This spindle which is driven by gearing O, P,
from the main spindle has a nut Q working on it which has a projecting arm R
keyed on the bobbin spindle K and which carries the bobbin backwards and
forwards in coiling the yarn.

page_text: For short fibred material an adjustable arrangement consisting of a pair of
feeding rollers may be attached to the machine in front of the hollow spindle and
driven in any convenient manner from the main driving shaft.
The spinning apparatus may be duplicated on the machine frame there being
only one driving shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
A machine for spinning hemp, flax, manilla, coir, and like fibres and tows or
slivers constructed and arranged to operate substantially as described.
Dated this 27th day of February 1894.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.