CERTAIN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Britten, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey,
Chemist, for the Invention of " CERTAIN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING
FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Britten at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1877.
JOHN BRITTEN, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, Chemist. " CERTAIN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY."
My Invention consists chiefly of improved or modified means of developing the
Invention for which a Patent was granted to me on the 22nd day of December
1875, No. 4450.
This former Invention comprises two methods, each variously developed, of
checking cash receipts mechanically.
One of these methods exhibits the amount of each individual sum received in
large figures in front or at the sides of a machine, and the same operation which
shews the required figures also prints the amount so shewn on continuous bands of
paper or on detached tickets, and also registers the said amount by adding it to the
total previously received.
The other method of checking cash receipts comprised in the aforesaid Invention
consists in machines in which incoming payments of money are first distributed
individually on a suitable surface, so that each coin shall be visible in such manner
that the amount shall be determinable by simple inspection. The coins thus
distributed are then passed between two plates of glass, or behind or under one
plate of glass in a vertical, sloping, or horizontal chamber, in which the money serves
to be accessible to the receiver, and yet remains exposed to the view of the payer,
so that each coin may be seen and the amount of the impounded money determined
by the payer or by any other person having a view of the said vertical, or sloping, or
horizontal chamber.
On the 28th November 1876, a second Patent, No. 4596, was granted to me for
the Invention of various improved means of further developing these two methods

page_text: of checking cash receipts, and the object of my present Invention, like that of the
aforesaid second Invention, is to further improve and variously modify the means
of developing the aforesaid two methods of checking cash receipts.
Some of the new modifications comprised in my present Invention depart in some
degree from the above-described leading features of my aforesaid former Invention.
In one of the said new modifications glazed chambers are dispensed with, the
incoming payments being passed at once out of sight after being first distributed on
a movable platform, which, by preference, is sunk flush with or sloping towards the
counter. And each act of tilting this movable platform causes a band of paper to
move forward about 1/4 inch, so as to bring a fresh surface of paper up to some
accessible point, and it is intended that the individual receipts shall each be recorded
on the said moveable band of paper in ink or pencil. The incoming receipts is thus
doubly checked, first, by being passed out of reach of the shopman in the presence
of the payer of the money; and, secondly, by being recorded on the said travelling
band of paper.
In another of the new modifications the incoming payments are allowed to drop
at once from the hand of the payer through a narrow slit or hopper-shaped opening
on the upper surface of the instrument into a glazed chamber in which they remain
visible, and from whence they are passed out of sight by the temporary opening of
a valve or platform.
This latter modification is adapted chiefly for checking the receipt of fares on
public conveyances, and is therefore portable. The money chambers in these
portable instruments are provided with means for detecting attempts to abstract
the money by inverting the instruments. These means consist chiefly in con-
trivances, whereby, if the instrument be inverted, the money contained in it will,
by pressing against the roof of the money chambers, while the said chambers are in
an inverted position, produce some kind of sign, whereby it will be known that the
instrument has been inverted.
Another means of attaining the same end consists in using a heavy pendulum, so
arranged that it cannot oscillate while the instrument is right way upwards, and
will yet oscillate freely when the instrument is inverted, and the number of its
oscillations will be registered by a suitable system of wheels, pinions, and dials, such
as are used in ordinary gas meters.
The Invention last described is further modified by constructing the hopper in
which the money is first deposited in such a manner that its bottom may be
temporarily closed by the insertion of a passenger's ticket. The incoming payment
is then placed in the hopper and is retained there by the ticket, so that the conductor
may see that it is correct. The ticket is then given to the passenger, and its with-
drawal from the bottom of the hopper causes the money to fall into the money
chamber below.
In using this instrument imitation coins or metallic counters or printed tickets
may be substituted for the money, which, as above described, falls into the money
chamber when the passenger ticket is withdrawn from the hopper.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Britten in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th February
1878.
JOHN BRITTEN, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, Chemist. " CERTAIN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FRAUD IN THE RECEIPT OF MONEY."
My Invention has for its object to prevent frauds on the part of persons intrusted
with the receiving of money in retail shops, public houses, restaurants, theatres,
omnibuses and other conveyances, and all other places in which it is desirable to
check the receipt of money wholly or chiefly by mechanical means; and consists
chiefly of improvements, modifications, and developments of an Invention for which
Letters Patent have already been twice granted to me, first, on the 22nd day of
December, in the year 1875, No. 4450; and afterwards on the 28th day of November
1876, No. 4596; and the Figures or Drawings herein referred to as bearing the
numbers 1 to 41 inclusive are those supplied with the aforesaid two Specifications,
and the letters of reference herein used with reference to said Drawings, numbered
1 to 41, are the same that occur in the aforesaid two Specifications and their accom-
panying Drawings. The other Drawings herein referred to as bearing numbers
higher than 41 are those hereunto annexed. It will be understood therefore that
when any Drawing or Figure bearing any number from 1 to 41 is herein mentioned,
such Drawing or Figure will be found in the Sheets of Drawings accompanying the
Specifications of my former Inventions; and it will also be understood that the
term first Specification, as herein used, means the Specification of my first Patent,
as herein-before mentioned, and that the term second Specification, as herein used,
means the Specification of my second Patent, herein-before mentioned; and it will
also be understood that this present Specification supposes that in all cases wherein
a knowledge of the two former Specifications is necessary to the understanding of
this, the reader will obtain such knowledge by direct reference to the aforesaid
former Specifications.
The Drawings accompanying the present Specification are mostly about one-half
the size that would be convenient in practice, the only notable exceptions being
Figures 42 to 48 and 58 to 64 inclusive, which are full size, and Figure 66, which
is quarter size; but it will be obvious that no rule can be laid down for determining
what should be the size in practice of any machine or instrument herein described.
The maker or the intending user must in each case determine the size that will best
suit the duty any particular machine is intended to discharge. Similar letters refer
to similar parts, except where it is otherwise clearly intended.
My improvements in the registering machine, described with reference to Figures
1 to 6 (first Specification), consist in better adapting it for printing receipts for
money on the invoices of the goods for which the money is paid. This improved
machine may, if required, be adapted for registering pounds, shillings, pence, and
farthings, but the mechanical novements for registering any one denomination of
money individually are tlie same as for registering any other denomination, subject
only to obvious differences of detail, differences which have no relation to the
Invention. In short, a machine for registering pounds, shillings, pence, and farthings
would be really four distinct machines, one for each denomination, and the said four
machines would be fixed side by side with each other, so as to admit of their being
worked by one operation. The machine about to be described is adapted for regis-
tering pence, or, more properly, it is the pence part of a machine for registering
pence and one or more higher denominations.
Fig. 42 is a side elevation mostly in section; Fig. 43, a front elevation; and
Fig. 44, a similar elevation shewing part of the interior works. Part of each Figure
is broken away midway to shorten the Drawing. See errata at conclusion of Speci-
fication. a is the case, outside view, and a parts of the same in section; b is the
type wheel. The parts projecting beyond the lines 61, 62, represent two printing

page_text: types projecting from the periphery of the wheel; and the Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
lying between these projecting types represent the positions of five other types.
The entire number of types on the wheel is twelve, for printing severally the
numbers 0 to 11. Fixed to the side of the type wheel is a grooved pulley C,
furnished with spikes for taking into the links of a chain d, part of which chain is
shown at d, Figure 42, the remainder being broken away to simplify the Drawing.
The two ends of this chain are attached to the two ends of a thin steel band e,
whose length is about equal to that of the chain, and the chain and the steel band
form together an endless band, which is herein called the endless band d, e. That
part of the endless band which consists of chain works only on or around the spiked
wheel c, and the part which consists of steel only works on the pulley f, but the
steel band is broken away at the point e¹ to shew the groove f¹, which runs com-
pletely round the pulley f. g, Fig. 42, is a small weight, preferably of lead, fixed
to the endless band d, e, between the junction of the chain d and the steel band e,
and working vertically in the direction of the dotted line g¹. The position of the
endless band d, e, is shewn in Fig. 42 by visible parts of the same d, e, and by the
dotted lines d¹, e'. The small holes numbered 0 to 11 in Fig. 43 corresponding with
the printing types in the type wheel b, so that when the end of the weight g which
is uppermost in the Drawing is moved to what is in the Drawing the lower edge of
any one of the said holes, the endless band d, e, and the type wheel b will then have
moved just far enough to bring a corresponding type on the said type wheel to the
point b¹, which faces the printing platten j, and the said printing type will then be
in a position for giving an impression. The side of the case in which the holes 0 to 11
are pierced is thickened, as shewn in side view at h, and in section at h¹, Figure 42.
Two of these holes corresponding to 0 and 1, Figure 43, are shewn in section at h¹,
Figure 42, and in the 0 or zero hole a peg is shewn, the use of which will be shortly
explained.
The printing platten, seen in section at 1, is simply a flat square disk, shewn in
the Drawings with its base upwards, which when in use should have a slightly
elastic material on the inner surface of its upper part J2, facing the types. This platten
is connected with two flat rods, one of which is shewn at i, Figs. 42, 43, and 44.
The corresponding rod would be on the opposite side of the complete machine, so as
to include the whole of the individual machines within the said two rods; these
two rods work in guides i, and are joined by a cross piece n at the ends opposite
to the platten j, so that the platten j, the rods i, and the cross piece n form a frame
which encompasses the entire machine in one direction, and the parts are so pro-
portioned that the said entire machine (that is, the entire machine exclusive of the
said frame) may slide to and fro within the frame to the extent of about 3/4 inch.
In Figures 43 and 44 this frame is 'broken off at the points Z and j¹, because the
present description supposes that another machine for registering shillings, and
perhaps one for registering pounds, would in practice be enclosed within the said
frame, but, as before stated, this description applies only to the pence department of
any such compound machine.
Projecting from the cross piece n is a spike u, and there is a hole pierced in the
steel band e, which is so situated that when the weight 9 is in the position shewn
in Fig. 42, and the type o is at the point b', Fig. 44, the hole in the steel band e
will be in a position to allow the spike u to pass through it, the groove f' in the
pulley being provided for the purpose of allowing the said spike to pass. The
sides of the dish-shaped platten j encompasses the end of the body or case a of the
machine, so as to slip down over it, or what is equivalent, so as to allow the said
body to fall within the platten when the machine is inverted; when at rest the
platten covers the body of the machine to the extent of about 1/8 inch, except at the
side j, Figure 42, which is shallower than the remaining three sides, so as to form a
mouth or opening, through which a folded paper may be passed in the direction of
the dotted line between the body of the machine and the platten when the
platten is in the position shewn in the Drawings. But in order that the platten
may be in this position, the spike u must project into the groove f¹ on the pulley f;

page_text: and in order that the spike o may thus enter the said groove, the hole in the steel
band e, which has already been mentioned, must be in the position of the said
spike u. The hole in the steel band is so situated with relation to the weight g.
and the figures on the type wheel, that it shall face the spike u when the weight g.
is in the position shewn in Fig. 42, and when also the type 0 or zero on the type.
wheel shall be at the point 6. The machine will then be at zero, and while in this
position, and only then, a folded paper may be conveniently inserted between the
type wheels and the platten at the opening ', Fig. 42. k, Fig. 42, is a pawl, the pin
of which is fixed to the body of the machine. This pawl is forced by a spring in
the direction of the arrow 1, so that on the machine being inverted, the pawl projects
into the notch when the machine has moved about 1/4 inch in the direction of the
arrow m, and thereby arrests its further motion.
In using this machine the operator first folds the bill or invoice on which the
sum received has to be printed, so that it may be inserted at the opening 1, Fig. 42,
and thereby be brought between the type wheels and the platten j. He then
places a piece of carbonized paper over the surface to be printed, and passes the
folded paper and the carbonized paper in through the opening j1, as above indicated.
He then removes the peg 2 from the zero hole, in which it is shewn in the Drawing,
and inserts it in the hole corresponding with the sum to be printed; that is, if the⚫
amount of the bill is 10d., he inserts the peg in the hole numbered 10, Fig. 43. He
then inverts the machine, and the body of the machine falls downward within the
frame i until its further progress is arrested by the pawl k. The spike u will then
be completely withdrawn from the hole in the steel band e and the weight g.
Fig. 42 being inverted from the position shown in the Drawings, will be free to fall
in the direction of the arrow m until it shall be arrested by the peg p inserted in
the hole 10. The Fig. 10 on the type wheel b will then be at the point 6', in which
position it would give an impression on the folded document if pressed with
sufficient force against it. In order to produce this result, the operator releases the
pawl k by pressing against the projecting thumb piece c', and applies the necessary,
pressure to the body of the machine. In the earlier part of this operation, the rim
of the platten j at the opening j' is made to overlap the corner of the body of the
machine, and the folded document is thereby caused to bend into the form shown by
the dotted line v, v, Fig. 45 (second Sheet), so as to admit of the continued motion
of the body of the machine. When the required impression is obtained, the machine
is again turned into the position shewn in the Drawings, whereby the weight g falls
back to the position shewn, and the operator replaces the peg p in the zero hole.
From this description of the construction and method of working the pence depart
ment of one of these registering machines, the reader will understand how to
construct and work compound machines for registering two or more denominations
of money. The difference between the several departments of a compound machine
amount only to this. In the farthing department the type wheel will contain
three fractional Figures 1, 4, and *, and a blank, and one complete revolution of the
wheel must be made to make 1d. in the registering apparatus. In the pence depart-
ment the type wheel will contain 12 figures, as above explained, and a complete
revolution of the wheel will cause 1/8. to be registered. In the pounds department
the type wheel will contain 10 figures, 0 to 9, and each complete revolution of
the wheel will register £10.
The registering apparatus is mostly the same as that described with reference to
Figures 20 to 22 (second Specification). The toothed wheel g works loosely on the
axis of the type wheel, and a click or pawl, whose pin is fixed to the said type
wheel, causes the wheel g to revolve with the type wheel when the latter moves in
one direction; and a second pawl, whose pin is fixed to the case of the machine,
prevents any backward motion of the wheel q. But in the present machine, the
figures indicating the amount registered are not printed on dials, as in the machine
above referred to, but on the peripheries of small drums fixed on the axes of the
toothed wheels and pinions, of which a registering index mainly consists. One
figure on each of these drums is seen through openings 1, 9, and 8, Fig. 44. Units

page_text: of pence are not indicated in this machine, such minuteness of details not being
considered necessary. There is an intermediate wheel and pinion r between the
toothed wheel q and the next toothed wheel of the index, on the axis of which
the figure drum, seen at 1, is fixed, and the teeth are so proportioned that one
revolution of the type wheel b gives a tenth of a revolution to the drum, seen
partially through the opening 1, and the figure i appearing there indicates that 1/*.
has been registered. A complete revolution of this latter drum gives a tenth of a
revolution to the drum shewn at the opening 9, and a complete revolution of this
gives a tenth of a revolution to that shewn at 8. The registry is thus kept in
shillings, it being more convenient to construct the machine to register successive
shillings than to pass from shillings to pounds. In the shillings department the
inconvenience arising from the using of a large type wheel, and corresponding
figure drums must be endured, as it cannot be avoided. In both the shillings and the
pounds divisions of a compound machine, units would have to be shown, and there-
fore in these divisions the toothed wheel ou the axis of the type wheel would gear
into one of equal size on the axis of the first figure drum, so that one complete
revolution of the type wheel should give a complete revolution to the first figure
drum (the drum seen partially at 1, Fig. 44.
This machine may either be lifted in the hands when used, or, if preferred, may
be suspended between two upright bearers after the manner of an ordinary swing
mirror. It will be self evident that fixed types may be so arranged in this machine
as to give an impression simultaneously with the impression taken from the type
wheels. The name of the firm receiving the money, or the date, or the word
"paid," or all of these, may, if desired, be thus printed simultaneously with the
amount of the payment.
This machine may be modified by dispensing with the endless band and weight,
and causing the type wheel to revolve in one direction by means of any kind of
spring that would give one complete revolution to the type wheel. In a compound
machine of this kind the type wheel would have tubular axes so that they would fit
one within the other like the axis on which the fingers of clocks rotate. The inner
axis should also be tubular to admit of a solid axis passing through it, on which
solid axis a wynch should be fixed, for the purpose about to be described. If the
reader will suppose a clock to have an hour hand, a minute hand, and a seconds
hand all working on tubular axes fitting one within the other, and a solid axis
running through the whole, with a winch upon it, such winch projecting in front
of the fingers, he will have a clear idea of the arrangement here indicated, see
errata at conclusion of Specification. Fig. 45a is an elevation of these supposed
fingers, and the dial in front of which they would appear (I say would, or should,
mostly in describing this modification because I am speaking only of a possible
machine, not one likely to be constructed in preference to that already described).
a, a', is the case of the machine, the upper part being broken away to shorten tlie
Drawing. The inner circle of holes represent pounds, the middle circle shillings,
and the outer circle pence, and the fingers marked severally L., S., D., should be
connected severally with the internal appliances for registering the denominations
of money these letters severally represent. And the types on the type wheels inside
tlie machine should be so arranged with relation to their corresponding circles of
holes that when either of the fingers L., S., D., would rest against a peg fixed in
any hole of the corresponding circle of holes the type for printing the number of
such hole shall then be projecting downwards, and therefore in a position to give
an impression. Each circle of holes has one peg, which in the Drawing is repre-
sented as being square headed, in order that the pegs may be distinguished from
the holes. The inner peg when inserted in one of the inner holes projects just
sufficiently to catch the L. finger without touching either of the other fingers; the
middle peg projects sufficiently to catch the S. finger without touching the D.; and
the outer peg catches the D. finger without touching the wynch C. On the inner
side of the wynch, projecting towards and almost against the dial, is a stud,
indicated by the dotted lines C₁, so situated that it may revolve round the enlarged

page_text: part of the finger L. without touching a peg inserted in the inner circle of holes.
The result of this arrangement is that if the wynch be turned in the direction of
the arrow Z the projecting stud will strike against any of the fingers that lie in its
path, and carry them round to the holes marked 0, or zero; the machine will then
be at zero. When in this position a hole in the periphery of each of the type
wheels will be in a position to receive a spike corresponding to u, Fig. 44.
When
these spikes descend into the holes the machine will be locked at zero, and while
thus locked the pegs L., S., D., should be placed in the zero holes of their respective
circles.
The registering index for the several denominations of money may be fixed
severally in small square tubes a¹, a¹, rising vertically over the type wheels,
with which they are severally connected, so that a machine for registering pounds,
shillings, and pence, would have three such square tubes, and the most convenient
position for them would be right and left, as shewn in the Drawing. A space would
thus be left centrally over the body of the machine to pass a cross bar, corre-
sponding to n, Figures 42 to 44. This cross bar carries spikes u, corresponding to
the spikes u, Figures 42 and 44. One end of this cross piece is seen at n, Figure 45°,
with a spike u, shown in dotted lines, the latter being cranked out sideways in
order that it and its corresponding hole in the periphery of the type wheel may be
clear of the printing type which will be at the upper part of the wheel when the
machine is at zero. This cross piece should be connected at the back side of the
machine with a stout vertical meinber, and through it connected with the printing
platten j, exactly as in the machine last described, excepting there being only one
vertical member in this machine instead of the two employed in the preceding
machine, and excepting also that it would be preferable to fix a spring inside the
printing platten j so as to force the body of the machine upwards when no pressure
is on it.
A
A large toothed wheel working loosely on the axis of the type wheel inside the
machine should gear into a smaller wheel, having on its spindle a pinion, and this
pinion should gear into a toothed wheel, on the axis on which the pointer S is
mounted, and the relative proportions of these wheels and pinion should be such
that one complete revolution of the type wheels would give a complete revolution to
the pointer S. The circle t, within which the pointer S would revolve, would then be
the lower or units dial of the index belonging to that particular type wheel.
corresponding circle and pointer belonging to another type wheel is shewn at w.
The reader will of course understand that in this machine, and all other registering
machines in which the main axis has an alternating motion, two pawls will be
necessary for enabling such alternative motion to impart to the registering wheels a
motion in one direction only. One pawl for impelling the first toothed wheel of
the registering apparatus in one direction, and another pawl for preventing any
motion in an opposite direction. When this machine would be at rest, the three
fingers would all lie together, and pointing in the direction of the arrow x, and the
three square headed pegs would, as already explained, be in the zero holes of their
several circles. In using the machine the operator would first place one or more of.
the pegs in the hole or holes representing the amount to be registered. He would
then lay hold of the handle of the wynch indicated by the circle c², and while thus
holding, the winch would partially depress the body of the machine, and thereby
release the type wheels in the inside of the machine from the spikes u.
The springs
already described would then impel the type wheels, and the corresponding fingers
in the direction of the arrow z, so that if the operator moved the winch in the same
direction, the fingers would follow until they were checked by the heads of the pegs
inserted in the holes representing the sum to be registered. The types corresponding
to those holes would then be in a position to give the required impression if the
necessary pressure be applied.
The axis of the wynch c should slide freely to and fro, so that in the event of the
progress of the wynch being obstructed by one of the fingers remaining at or near
zero, and thereby lying in the course of the stud c¹, the wynch may be partially

page_text: withdrawn, and the stud e¹ be thereby allowed to pass over the obstructing finger.
Fig. 456 is a diagram of the centre lines of the wynch and axis; c, c, is the crank;
c', the stud which projects towards and nearly against the dial; ², the handle of the
wynch; and the spindle.
The arrangement for inserting the document to be printed would be the same in
this as in the preceding machine.
•
Figures 46 to 48 illustrate a modification of this machine, in which writing is
substituted for printing, that is to say, instead of the folded document on which the
amount is to be recorded being placed under printing type it is placed under a
continuous band of writing paper, and a piece of carbonized paper or other equi-
valent material (an inking tape for example) is placed between the two. The
operator then writes the required record on the continuous band, and at the same
time writes it on the folded document by means of the carbonized paper; Fig. 46 is
a side elevation of the machine with the side of the case removed to show the
internal parts; Fig. 47, a plan; and Fig. 48, a sectional elevation of the upper part
through the line Z, Z, as seen from the point x; a is the outer case, seen in section
at a', Fig. 46; n and n are two partitions which extend from side to side, and form
a chamber in which a rectangular block of wood rises and falls, as herein-after
described; on the top of this block of wood the folded document on which the
record is required is placed, being inserted through the opening c, which is at the
back side of the machine, as shewn in section at c, Figure 48; d is a curved steel
spring fixed to the bottom of the block b, and bearing against the bottom of the
case a, so as to force the block b in the direction of the arrow; e is a roller on which
a band of paper is coiled, as indicated by the dotted circle e¹. From off this roller
the band of paper passes over the two guide rollers f, f, as indicated by the line m
under and close to the slot or opening g, which extends across the top of the
machine, as shewn in plan at g, Fig. 47. The end of the paper is fixed to the roller h,
round which it is coiled as it is unwound from the roller e, as indicated by the dotted
circle ¹; o is a pawl loaded at the end o¹, so as to cause the end o to press upwards.
The pin of this pawl is fixed in the end of the block b, which is recessed for the
purpose of receiving it, as shown at p, Figure 48, and the end o of the pawl passes
through a slot in the partition n, so as to admit of its taking into the ratchet teeth
on the end of the roller h.
In using this instrument the folded document on which the record has to be made
is passed through the opening c with a piece of carbonized paper above it. The
machine is then pressed downward, whereby the top b¹ of the block b is brought up
to the slot g. The operator then writes the required record on the continuous band
of paper as it appears under the slot g, and thereby writes (through the medium of
the carbonized paper) a duplicate of the record on the folded document. The
pressure on the machine is then removed, and the block b resumes the position shewn
in the Drawings, and in regaining this position the pawl o is caused to move the
ratchet wheel in the direction of the arrow to the extent of one tooth, and thereby
carries the record last written on the continuous band of paper away from under the
slot, and brings forward a blank space on which to write the next ensuing record.
The slot g should be only just wide enough to allow of the continuous band of
paper being written on when the block is pressing against the upper part of the
case d.
I am aware that combinations of continuous bands of paper with carbonized
paper or inking tapes have already been used for recording receipts of money, and
I therefore wish it to be understood that what I claim with relation to this part of
my Invention is the combination above described, in which a record shall be written
at one and the same time on a continuous band, remaining permanently within the
machine or instrument, and also on a card or folded paper or other equivalent
material inserted at the time of the operation. I also claim the constructing of this
or any equivalent instrument, in such manner that the edges or lips of the mouth
through which the temporary card or paper is inserted, shall over-lap each other
before the inserted paper should be brought into a position in which the required

page_text: record may be conveniently made thereon, and I also claim the combination of this
or any equivalent kind of mouth with a self-acting arrangement for causing the
continuous band of paper to move slightly forward after, or before, or during each
operation, so that it shall be impossible or very difficult, or obviously out of the
proper course to insert a temporary paper in the apparatus, and to bring such paper
into the position, in which the required record may be conveniently made upon it,
and to afterwards withdraw the said temporary paper from the machine without
also bringing into action the self-acting appliance for causing the continuous band of
paper to move forward, and thereby ensuring that the said continuous band of paper
shall move forward sufficiently to carry the last written record out of reach of the
operator, and to bring forward a blank space on which to write the next ensuing
record.
Figs. 49 and 50 represent an improvement on the machine for registering the
fares received by conductors of omnibuses and other conveyances described in my 2nd
Specification with reference to Fig. 24. Several modifications of this former machine
(Fig. 24) were described in the 2nd Specification. One of these modifications provides
that the machine shall be held in the position for indicating the amount being registered
at any one time by means of a ratchet wheel fixed on the main axis of the machine,
into the teeth of which a ratchet wheel, a pawl, or click, constructed like the trigger of
a fire-arm, would catch and thereby hold the machine in the required position until
a moderate pressure applied to the trigger outside the machine should release the
pawl from the ratchet wheel, and thereby allow the machine to spring back to zero.
In the improved machine about to be described, the trigger is made to serve the
purpose of a tray on which the passenger may deposit his money, so that the act
of depositing the money may by depressing the tray release the pawl from the
ratchet. Fig. 49 is a side elevation of the machine, with part of the case removed, and
Fig. 50 a plan; a is the body or case of the machine; b, a tray for receiving fares,
pivotted on to the body of the machine at the point b¹, and having at its back or
inner side a projecting pawl d; c is part of the ratchet wheel impelled in the .
direction of the arrow by an internal spring. Into one tooth of this ratchet the
pawl d, has taken, so as to hold the ratchet in its present position, notwithstanding
the action of the internal spring. The teeth in the ratchet wheel correspond with
the figures on the face of the machine, and there is therefore one tooth for each
figure, and the external figures and internal teeth are so arranged relatively that
the act of drawing the plate g in the direction of the arrow 2, so far that the plate g
shall show any one figure immediately below the said plate g, as the figure 4 is
shewn in the Drawing, will cause the main axis e to revolve sufficiently to register
or prepare for registering the sum so shewn. The pawl d will then take into a
tooth of the ratchet wheel c, and retain the machine in that condition. The two
ends of the plate g project into grooves which serve as guides, and the surface on
which the figures are shewn is sunk about 1/8 inch below the upper edge of these
guides, so as to allow the plate g to pass over it. Along the centre of the
figure surface, and cutting the line of the figures is a groove in which travels
the cord which connects the plate g with the registering apparatus inside the
machine.
When the plate g lies over the figure 1, so that no figure can be seen in front of
it (that is, between it and the tray b) the machine is at zero.
The tray b is forced gently upwards by a spring within the case which impinges
against the lower angle e, and the force of the spring is just enough to overcome
the weight of the tray, so that the latter shall have a gentle tendency to rise when
the machine is in a horizontal position, and yet not sufficient tendency in that
direction to interfere with the liberation of the click d from the ratchet wheel C,
when the passenger deposits his payment on the tray.
When about to use the machine the conductor first ascertains and mentions the
amount of the fare; if no objection be raised to the amount charged, he draws back
the plate g (which has a knob g¹ to facilitate the operation) until the amount of the
fare is shewn immediately in front of the plate g. He then withdraws his hand
w

page_text: from the knob, and the plate g will remain in the same position, because the
pawl d will then have taken into one of the teeth of the ratchet wheel C. The
passenger will then place his money on the tray, and in conformity with a notice
which should be exhibited in the conveyance, will, if necessary, apply a little
pressure, so as to release the click, and allow the machine to return to zero.
Two complete revolutions of the main axis ƒ give, by means of suitable toothed
wheels, one complete revolution to the first spindle of the index, the wheelwork
and dials of which are contained within the case a, as explained in my second
Specification with relation to Figures 20 to 24b.
If it should be thought desirable to reduce the length of this machine or to
increase the range of amounts to be registered at one time, this may be done by
substituting for the external figures a tape broad enough to show the required.
figures on its surface. This tape should be coiled round a drum inside the machine,
and a toothed wheel working on the axis of the drum should gear into a wheel of
larger size, working on the axis on which the ratchet wheel, corresponding to
Figure 49, would be fixed. These toothed wheels should be so proportioned that
the act of drawing out the tape to its full extent should give one complete revolution
to the ratchet wheel, which corresponds to c, Fig. 49, and the said ratchet wheel
should have one tooth for every individual sum shewn upon the tape. The tape as
withdrawn from the machine should pass under a square opening just large enough
to shew one of the figures on its surface, and the whole should be so proportioned
that the act of drawing out the tape until any figure is shewn under this
square opening shall cause the amount so shewn to be registered within the
machine.
In all respects except as herein described these improved machines correspond
with the machine, Figure 24, in my second Specification.
Figure 51 is a side elevation partly in section of an improvement of the machine
illustrated by Figures 27 and 28 in my second Specification, the main object of the
improvement being to dispense with the ribs which are attached to the endless belt
in the former machine. A is the case of the machine, which is partially covered by
the hood, but appearing again at a¹, and in section at a²; b is one of the rollers
over which the endless belt revolves. The dotted circle b' shews the position of the
corresponding roller, and the solid linee and dotted line c¹, the position of the
endless belt; e is a glazed covering, shewn in section at e¹, and corresponding to the
glazed covering described with reference to the machine, Figures 27 and 28 (second
Specification) except that in this case the glaved covering is hinged at the point a, e¹,
and has depending from it a kind of hood f, which hood partially covers the case a
when the glazed cover is closed, as it is in the Drawing. This hood is seen in
section at 2, being broken away at the crooked line f¹, where part of the wall or
case of the machine a¹ is shewn, which wall is also broken away at the line a¹,
shewing the roller b and the platform d which supports the upper side of the
endless belt. The roller b revolves loosely on a metal axis or spindle h, which
passes entirely through the roller. Fixed to each end of the roller is a ratchet
wheel (neither of which are visible in the Drawing) having their teeth set in inverse
directions. The teeth of the ratchet at the further end of the roller are checked in
the direction inverse to the arrow o by a pawl whose pin is fixed to some fixed
part of the machine. The roller B cannot therefore revolve in the direction inverse
to that of the arrow o.
On each end of the spindle h is fixed a grooved pulley, one of which is shewn atg.
To each of these pulleys is attached a cord, one of which is seen ato. After passing
several times round the pulley, the cord o is fixed to the sash of the glazed
covering e, e¹. The cord on the corresponding pulley at the opposite end of the
spindle winds on to a pulley, herein called a spring pulley (not shewn in the
Drawing) which is fixed against any convenient part of the case, and is impelled in
one direction by a spring of such capacity as to enable the roller to take up all the
cord that is wound from off the roller corresponding to g during the closing of the
glazed cover, as about to be described..

page_text: The effect of this arrangement of cords, pulleys, springs, and ratchet is, that when
the glazed cover e, e', is lifted at the point e2, it draws with it the cord o and thereby
rotates the pulley g which carries with it the roller b in the direction of the arrow o,
and the diameter of the pulley g and roller bare so proportioned that by the time
the hood fis raised sufficiently to allow of access to the endless belt, the whole of
that part of the belt which was previously above the rollers and the platform & will
have been carried over the roller b', so that any money previously upon it will fall
in the direction of the arrow k.
The continued motion of the glazed cover necessary for bringing it into such a
position as to stand vertically without support is rendered possible by giving a
sufficient length to the cord o. As the cord o is thus wound off the pulley g, a
corresponding length of cord is being wound on to the corresponding pulley at the
opposite end of the spindle h, such cord having previously been coiled on the spring
pulley, not shewn in the Drawings, but previously described as being impelled in
one direction by the action of a spring. When the glazed cover e, e¹, has been raised
sufficiently, the incoming payment is spread upon the then upper surface of the
endless belt c, and the glazed cover is again closed. During the closing of the cover
the spring pulley, already described, draws on to itself the cord which had, during
the upward motion of the glazed covering e, e¹, been wound from itself on to the
pulley corresponding to the pulley g, and in doing thus, causes the pulley g to
revolve in the direction inverse to the arrow o, and the cord o is thereby wound
upon the pulley g. Thus the operator's hand, applied at the point e² in opening the
glazed cover and the spring pulley, above described, impell the axis h in opposite
directions, and the roller b and endless belt c move with the said axis when being
impelled by the hand of the operator, but do not move with the said axis when
impelled in the opposite direction by the spring pulley.
This machine may be modified by dispensing with the endless belt, and providing
that a scraper or rib, fixed to and propelled by two endless chains, shall be made to
travel completely over the platform d by the act of partially lifting the glazed cover
and hood, as above described; so that in thus travelling over the said platform d
the said rib or scraper shall sweep before it any money that may previously be
lying on the said platform. The two endless chains should revolve each round a
spiked roller or pulley having the same relative positions as if they were fixed each
at one end of the roller b, and the said spiked pulleys should be connected so that
'they may revolve simultaneously on the spindle of the pulley g'as if they were
really fixed on the ends of the roller b. The diameter of the pulley g and the spiked
rollers, above described, should be so proportioned that the act of opening the glazed
cover completely shall cause the rib to complete one entire traverse of the course of
the endless belt, and be thereby restored to the position it occupied previously to
the glazed cover being lifted. When this machine is thus modified, it is desirable
to provide it with the apparatus described with relation to Figure 10 (first Specifi-
cation) so as to necessitate that the machine shall be completely closed before it
shall be possible to again open it.
This latter machine may be further modified by providing that the scraper
which sweeps the money off the platform shall be drawn to and fro by means of a
rod fixed to it midway and projecting outside the machine so as to be accessible to
the operator. Fig. 52 (second Sheet of Drawings is a side elevation of one of these
modified machines shown partially in section; a is the case shewn partially in section
at al; e, the glazed cover shewn partially in section at el; d, the platform on which
the impounded money is exhibited, the continuation of the upper surface of which is
indicated by the dotted line d'; f is the rib or scraper projecting across the platform
d from side to side of the same. To the lower surface of this rib is fixed the rod by
which it is drawn to and fro. Part of this rod is shewn at g. The remaining part
is broken away externally to shorten the Drawing. This rod lies and travels to
and fro in a groove which runs centrally from back to front of the slab d. The
bottom line of this groove is indicated by the dotted line h, so that the upper surface
of the rod is flush with the upper surface of the platform d; k is one of two hooked

page_text: catches fixed severally to either side of the glazed cover, so that the scraper f may
pass freely between them; is one of two other hooked catches fixed severally at
each end of an axial rod m which extends from side to side of the machine, and
works in suitable bearings. The two catches 7 lay hold of the two catches / when
the glazed cover is fully down, and thereby fix the cover; n is a short lever fixed
to the axial rod m, midway, from end to end or nearly so, so that its upper end may
be struck by the scraper f when the latter is drawn to the point n. When the lever
is struck by the scraper f the hooked catches are forced in the direction of the
arrow 8, and the catches are released so that the glazed cover e may be raised.
But before this release can be effected the scraper must have moved so nearly to
the end of the platform d, that all money previously on the platform will have been
swept over the edge, where it will fall in the direction of the curved arrow into any
receptacle that may be placed below or be otherwise connected with the machine.
Figure 53 is a longitudinal section of another improvement of the machine
described with reference to Figures 27 and 28 (second Specification); a is the case;
b and b, the rollers; d, the platform to carry the upper part of the endless belt c;
f
is the closing rib for closing the opening of the glazed chamber f, f', which rib is
fixed to the upper part of the endless belt, and extends from side to side of the same;
is a corresponding rib fixed on the under surface of the endless belt, and extends
froin side to side. From this rib is suspended a pawl or click ', and as the endless
belt moves to and fro this click is drawn to and fro over the rack k, the teeth of
which are set to act both ways.
By a cursory examination of the Drawing it will be seen that when this
click reaches either of the points ¹ or 2 it will escape froin the rack and swing
freely, and that on its return journey the direction of its slope will be reversed;
that is to say, if the pawl comes upon the rack at the point 2 it will slope as shewn
in the Drawing, and if it comes upon the rack at the opposite end it will slope in the
direction opposite to that shewn in the Drawing. The result of this arrangement is
that when the pawl has entered on the rack at either end and passed one tooth of
the rack it must then pass on to the opposite end before its motion can be reversed.
To the middle of the closing rib f is fixed a projecting member l, having at its end
a knob or handle m; the said closing rib and projecting member forming a letter T
as seen in plan. As the pawl' now hangs the closing rib fcannot be drawn in the
direction of the arrow, because both it and the pawl are fixed to the endless belt,
but if the rib f be pushed forward under the glazed cover until it reaches the point
f the pawlh! will then have passed beyond the point of the rack k. The pawl will
then drop into a vertical position so that during the return motion it will slope in
the opposite direction to that shewn in the Drawing, and therefore the closing
rib f may then be drawn out to the point m. That part of the endless belt c which is
under the glazed cover, as shewn in the Drawing, will then be in the position of
the member 7, so that the incoming money can be spread upon it. At the same time
the pawl h¹ will have passed beyond the point k², and will therefore hang vertically,
so that on moving back to its present position it will slope, as shewn in the Drawing.
The object of this arrangement is to render it impossible to draw the closing rib
from its present position in the direction of the arrow until the said closing rib has
first been driven to the point f¹, so that any money previously lying on the surface
of the endless belt may fall down the shoot into a locked receptacle below it. The
line n' represents a thin piece of steel stretched across the machine as close to the
roller as can be done without actually touching the belt c, its purpose being to force
away any coin that may adhere to the belt c.
с
In using this or any other of the machines herein described for impounding
incoming payments of money, it is necessary to keep a supply of money conveniently
available so that "change" may be given in any case without interfering with the
current receipts. In cases where it is desirable that money for giving change should
be contained within the machine I prefer placing a drawer for containing the required
change underneath the endless belt e, and suspending the pawl h from the under
surface of this drawer and at the back or innermost end of it. The rack k in such

page_text: cases would lie underneath the drawer. A drawer for this purpose should be about
6 or 8 inches shorter than the chamber in which it runs to and fro, so that after being
closed it may yet be possible to push it 6 or 8 inches further inward. A drawer thus
furnished may be fixed directly to the under surface of the endless belt, and the
motion of the drawer be thus made to give motion in reverse directions to the upper
surface of the endless belt. If preferred this drawer may be fixed to an endless cord
working on a pulley at either end of the machine, and the under surface of the endless
belt may be attached to this endless cord by which means the motion of the drawer
in any direction will give a correspondent motion to the upper surface of the endless belt.
The plate of glass which covers the money, while lying exhibited on the endless
belt c, extends from e¹ to e², but the part lying between f¹ and e2 is painted on the
under surface so that it may not be seen through. On that part of the endless belt
which in the Drawing lies in contact with the roller b (the part which last ceases to
be visible during the operation of impounding and incoming payment is printed the
following notice:-"This machine is not properly locked so long as any part of this
notice remains in sight." It will be understood from what has just been stated that
the position of this notice on the endless belt is such that it is entirely concealed
under the painted part of the glass lying between f' and e² when the closing rib f
is in the position shewn on the Drawing, and when the closing rib is in this position
it is impossible to abstract money from the machine otherwise than by passing it
downward through the shoot n; and it will also be understood that if the attendant
should not pass the closing rib f sufficiently under the sash at e¹ to prevent abstraction
of the money in that direction; this neglect of duty or intended fraud will be
manifested to the payer of the money by the fact that the words "This machine
is not properly locked, &c.," will then remain in sight.
Figure 54 is a side elevation, partly in section, of an improvement or modification
of the machine described with relation to Figure 29 (second Specification). In the
former machine (Figure 29) the impounded money is distributed on a sliding slab,
and covered by a glazed covering which is hinged to the body or case of the
machine. While the slab is being drawn outward the money lying on its surface
is swept off by the sash of the glazed covering, but when the slab is drawn fully
out, and when therefore the whole of the money previously lying on its surface has
been swept off, a stud projecting from the slab liberates the catch which secures
the glazed covering, and the latter rises about inch, so that the slab may return
under the glazed covering with the in-coming payment lying on its surface.
In the modification shew in Fig. 54 the glazed covering is fixed, and the
necessary opening for enabling the slab to pass inward with money on its surface
is provided for by causing the slab to fall about inch, when it is drawn fully out,
and to rise again when it is pushed fully in. In Fig. 54 a is the case, which is broken
away at its lower side, the part so omitted being only a chamber for receiving the
money after passing through the machine; c is a drawer partially withdrawn, and
with its side removed to show the parts inside of it. Of these parts b is the slab
on which the incoming payments are exhibited under the glazed covering of the
case a; e is a wedge-shaped block, four of which are fixed on the under surface of
the slab b, one being near to each corner; g is one of four other wedge-shaped.
blocks, which are fixed on a slab d, in such positions that when the slab d is in
the position shewn in the Drawing the blocks g shall all lie under the blocks c,
whereby the slab b will be held flush with the top of the drawer. The lower slab d
is about inch shorter than the inside of the drawer, so as to admit of its sliding
to and fro to that extent. Inside the case a is a rod, indicated by the dotted
lines. This rod is fixed to the end wall of the case a at the point k², and has at
its opposite end a short cross head indicated by the dotted square . The slabs
inside the drawer c are shown as they stand relatively when being drawn outward,
and when the drawer shall have been drawn nearly to its full extent the cross
piece will strike against two small studs projecting upwards from the inner end
of the slab d, and will thereby check the progress of the slab d or hold it back
while the drawer will move inch further. By this means the four wedges g will

page_text: be struck from under the corresponding wedges e, that is, into the position indicated
by the dotted wedge g', and the slab 6 will therefore fall about inch below its
present level. On the return motion of this drawer c the slab b will remain down
so that it may pass inward with money on its surface; but when nearly home the
cross bead k will strike the stud f which is fixed to the sliding slab d, and will
thereby force the slab d into its present position relatively to the drawer and the
slab b; jis a strip of mahogany or other suitable material, which stretches across
the end of the machine and is fixed at either end to a radial rod, the nearer of
which rods is seen at i working on a pin fixed to the side of the case a. On the
face of the strip of wood j, so as to be seen when looking in the direction of the
arrow m (or from the side on which the payer of the money would stand if the
machine were in actual use) is written or printed in large characters the words.
not locked." This notice is visible to the payer of the money when the strip jis
in the position shown, but when the drawer c is thoroughly closed the strip j falls
down behind the drawer, that is, towards the knob u, and the notice then ceases
to be visible; but before the strip j can thus fall behind the drawer the latter must
have passed so far inward as to have caused the slab b to rise flush with the top
of the drawer, and when in this position the slab cannot be withdrawn without
the money on its surface being swept off by coming in contact with the sash of the
glazed covering, which in such cases acts as a scraper. Hence it results that the
visibility of the words "not locked on the strip j will be proof that the machine
is in a condition in which a fraud is possible, and the non-visibility of the notice
will be proof that the money impounded under the glass plate is securely locked
within the machine.
"
a
Figure 55 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a machine for checking cash
receipts, which in some degree departs from the leading characteristic of the
machines for impounding money described in this and my two former Specifications.
The said leading feature of this and my two former Inventions consists in providing
that incoming payments of money shall be first distributed individually on
suitable surface, so that each coin shall be visible in such manner that the amount
shall be determined by simple inspection. The coins thus distributed are then
passed between two plates of glass or behind or under one plate of glass in a
vertical, sloping, or horizontal chamber, in which the money censes to be accessible
to the receiver and yet remains exposed to the view of the payer, so that each coin
may be seen and the amount of the impounded money determined by the payer or
any other person having a view of the said vertical, sloping, or horizontal chamber.
The money thus distributed remains visible until the next incoming payment has
to be impounded in the machine, when the act of preparing the machine for
receiving the incoming payment causes the previous payment to fall into a locked
receptacle, where it ceases to be visible. In the machine now about to be described
(Fig. 55) the glazed chamber is dispensed with, or at least made to serve different
purposes to that above described, and the money after being spread on a suitable
surface, as above described, so that each coin may be seen, and the amount
determined by the payer or by any other person having a view of the upper surface
of the machine, is at once passed through a glazed chamber into a locked receptacle
where it ceases to be visible; a, a', and a² is the case, part of which is removed
to show the internal parts. The part of the case marked a² serves as a permanent
covering to the money chamber below; b is the slab on which the incoming payment
is spread, the dotted line b¹ shewing the continued line of the upper surface of the
same. The outer wall of the machine rises about 1 inch above the level of the
slab b, so that money counted quickly on the latter may be prevented from sliding
off the slab. The slab b is pivotted within the wall or case of the machine at the
point c. The forward edge of the slab is rounded concentrically with the pivot c,
and the upper parts of the case a¹ and a² are hollowed to correspond, so that when
the slab b works on the pivot a the parts b² and a', a², may remain nearly in
contact. The slab b is intended to rise to an angle of about 45 degrees, at which
angle it will be in a line with the sloping surface e, e', which together with the

page_text: slot e extends entirely across from wall to wall of the machine, that is, the length
of the slot e and sloping surface e, e', from side to side correspond with the width
of the slab b, so that when the slab is raised to an angle of 45 degrees, or thereabout,
the money spread on its surface shall slide freely downward through the slot c and
over the inclined surface e, e¹. On falling from the surface e, e', the money will
strike against another sloping surface m and be thereby propelled in the direction
of the arrow into the receiving chamber, the lower part of which is not shown-
on the Drawing; f is a long narrow piece of glass extending from wall to wall of
the machine, so as to expose the interior parts sufficiently to render visible any
fraudulent attempt to trap the money on its way from the slab b to the locked
receptacle below; i, i, Fig. 55, represent parts of the counter, it being intended
that the machine shall be sunk into the counter so that the upper edge of the wall
or case shall be flush with the counter, in which case the swinging slab b will
be inch below the counter level.
I am aware that pivotted or hinged tables equivalent to what are in the fore-
going description called slabs have been used for the purpose of preventing fraud
in the receipt of money, and I therefore wish it to be understood that I do not
claim the use of such swing tables generally, but only in so far as my Invention
herein described differs from the method and purposes of other Inventions of a
similar nature. In the first place, swing tables have been used hitherto only in the
construction of what are called fare-collecting boxes, and have been available only
for the collection of fares on public vehicles, or charges for admission to places of
entertainment. No such instrument has ever yet been adapted for preventing fraud
in the receipt of money in public houses, retail shops, and other like places; and this
part of my Invention consists wholly or chiefly in adapting the said swing tables
for and applying them to these uses. In the first place this part of my Invention
is in some degree an improvement of the counters, desks, or tables over which
money is paid and received in public houses, retail shops, restaurants, and other like
places, because it has for its object the better adapting of such counters, desks, or
tables for the work of preventing fraud in establishments where great rapidity of
action is required. In other words, one feature of this part of my Invention consists
in fitting into the aforesaid counter, desks, or tables, the apparatus or machine above
described, or any modification thereof in such manner that money laid on the saiḍ
counter, desks, or tables by the payers thereof may be rapidly slidden on to the
swing table by the cominon process of counting with the finger without involving
the necessity of lifting the money for the purpose of placing it on the swing table.
And in the second place this part of my Invention consists in improved means of
preventing the fraudulent abstraction of money after it has slidden from the swing
table. Hitherto the means used for preventing fraudulent abstraction of money
after passing the swing tables have consisted almost exclusively of appliances placed
above the table. We have an example of them in an Invention patented by
J. B. Slawson on October 21st, 1857, N° 2687, and various other examples in an
Invention patented by the same party in the name of A. V., Newton on May 10th,
1871, N° 1263. We have also an example of the same in an Invention patented
by J. Kaye, March 23rd, 1874, No. 1005. In this latter Invention the means
for preventing the fraudulent abstraction of money after passing over the swing table
into or towards the locked receptacle below consist partly in a hopper placed below
the swing table, and partly in some rather obscurely defined arrangements placed
above the swing table. But this hopper, if used for counter work, would be of
little avail if the machine were left for a time in the sole charge of a fraudulent
person, or in the charge of two or more persons acting unitedly for fraudulent
purposes. Because, in the first place, when money drops from a swing table into a
hopper the slot at the bottom of the hopper must be very wide to prevent the money
from getting blocked in the hopper, and it would be possible to obstract money
through any such opening if the part above the platform were free from obstruction.
And in the second place, a hopper such as that fitted to Kaye's fare-collecting box
is eminently adapted for supporting a suitably constructed pocket or purse in which

page_text: money could be caught on its way from the swing table, and by means of which it
may afterwards be abstracted.
The most notable difference between the machine herein described with relation
to Fig. 55, and the fare-collecting boxes herein-before adverted to consists in pro-
viding an opening in front of the swing table through which the money on the
surface of the table may slide when the table is tilted to a suitable angle, without
the coins over-riding cach other so as to involve liability of their blocking them-
selves in the opening below. The object of this arrangement is that the coins shall
all remain flat against the table without tumbling one over the other until: they
have all passed the slot or opening through which they enter the locked chamber
below. If this condition be fulfilled, the slot for admission of money need not be
wider than will admit easily the thickest coin in common use. In the fare-collecting
boxes hitherto constructed with swing tables there has been no provision for sliding
the money sideways off the table through a narrow slot, and hence the money, if
there be many coins, is morally certain to fall from the table in a confused mass,
which would inevitably block up a very narrow slot if such were below the table.
Another notable difference between my own Invention and those which have
preceded it consists in glazing the passage through which the money reaches the
final receptacle, so that if any fraudulent contrivance should be adopted for trapping
the money after passing from the swing table such contrivance would be visible to
the payer of the money or any other party having a view of the said glazed passage.
Having now described this part of my Invention so far as there is any liability to
its being confused with the fare-collecting boxes which have been constructed on a
somewhat similar principle, I will proceed to describe certain further improvements
which are applicable to the last-described .inachine, but which have no relation
whatever to the aforesaid fare-collecting boxes.
a, Fig. 66, is an elevation of one of these improvements, with part of the case
removed. This is almost an exact copy of the arrangement described with relation
to Fig. 46 for causing a continuous band of paper to travel forward slightly through
the action of a pawl and ratchet, and it is intended to be fixed on the near side of
Fig. 55, so that its upper surface shall be flush with the counter, & so that the
circle c, Fig. 56, shall coincide with or be in the position of the pivot c, Fig. 55; a
is the case seen in section at a'; l is a block of wood or other suitable material
fixed nearly against the under surface of the upper part of the case a; but so as to
allow the continuous band of paper indicated by the line o, o; to pass between the
block b and the case a; g is a slot in the case a, through which writing may be
done on the continuous band of paper o, o.
The dotted circle e shows the position of a small drum, which is inserted in the
instrument charged with a coil of paper. From this drum the paper passes over
the guide rollers f, f, and therefore under the open slot g, and is finally attached to
the drum h. At the further end of the latter drum is a ratchet wheel / actuated
by a pawl d.
This apparatus is, as already stated, intended to be fixed against the near side of
the machine, Fig. 55, in such a position that the curved edge of the slab b and the
pivot c, Figure 55, shall appear, as the same parts are shown in Figure 56.
projecting from the lower part of the slab will then carry the pawld, and the lifting
A pin S 4
or tilting of the slab b will then give motion to the paul d, and thereby work the
ratchet wheel, so as to cause the continuous band of paper to travel forward a
given distance each time the slab b is lifted.
The object of the improvement is to provide that a written record of the money 5
passed into the till through the machine may be kept on the continuous band of
paper o, o. I am aware that a plan similar to this is already in use in connection
with ordinary money tills, and therefore wish it to be understood that what I claim
with relation to this part of my Invention is the combination of a continuous
travelling band of paper with a swing table, substantially as herein described.
When the machine, Figure 55, is used in connection with the instrument last
described, it is desirable to connect with one of the pins or pivots on which it
5

page_text: swings the kind of toothed wheel and double-acting pawl shown in Figure 60, for
a description of which see description of that Figure. The object of the said
toothed wheel and double-acting pawl is to ensure that when the slab b shall have
moved a certain distance in its upward or downward journey it shall not be possible
to reverse its motion until it has first completed its journey in one direction. As
less than one-half of an entire toothed wheel will suffice, the adoption of this
contrivance would not necessarily involve any projection above the counter level
when the slab b was closed.
Figure 57 illustrates a modified form of the Invention last described, in which an
ordinary ruled account book is made to serve the purpose of the continuous band
of paper o, o.
In this modified form of the Invention the pawl d (drawn to a larger scale in
Figure 57 than in Fig. 56) takes into a horizontal ratchet wheel k having its teeth
pointing upwards. The object of this arrangement is to bring the ratchet wheel /
into such a position that a disc fixed to the upper end of its axis, and seen in edge
view at S, Fig. 57, may serve as the first or units member of what is known as a
jumping gas index, an index which shows at small openings the figures representing
the number at which the index stands for the time.
As these jumping gas indexes are well known amongst gas engineers, and therefore
form no part of my Invention, I need not describe the present index more fully
than by observing that the ratchet k, Figure 57, has 10 teeth. The pawl d works:
on a pin fixed to the slab b, Fig. 55, as already described with relation to the
pawl d, Figure 56. Therefore the ratchet k will make one complete revolution if
the slab b, Fig. 55, be opened and closed 10 times. On the axis of the ratchet k is
a solitary tooth m called a club tooth, and when the ratchet k is in the act of
completing its revolution the club tooth m takes into a tooth of the wheel n, and
gives it one-tenth of a revolution, as we may say, at one jump.
The numeral figures are written in large characters on the discs, seen in side view.
at S, S', and the figures are so arranged that the number registered at any one time
is seen in actual figures at suitable openings in the upper part of the case shown in
section at u, U.
The instrument illustrated by Fig. 57 would register from 0 or zero up to 99
(but it may perhaps be preferable in practice to construct the index for registering
up to 999). It is intended that there shall lie by the side of the machine an open
book, on one or both open pages of which there shall be ruled the necessary spaces
and columns for making 100 money entries, the said spaces being numbered 0 to 99
to correspond with the index above described. And it is further intended that
every time money is passed in thro' the machine the amount thereof shall be
recorded on that space of the opened page or pages whose number corresponds with
the tens and units shown by the jumping index. The result of the arrangement
will be that if the machine should be used without the necessary record being made
that fact will become evident thro' a want of correspondence between the index and
the numbered spaces in the ruled account book.
This last-described combination of a jumping index with a ruled account book
may be used advantageously in connection with an ordinary open money till. For
this purpose the index should be fixed over the money till against the under surface
of the counter, and the pawl d should be actuated by a short lever, the position of
which is indicated by the dotted line V, V. One end of this lever should work on
a pin fixed at the point V₁, and the pawl d should work on a pin fixed to the lever
at the point C and the lower end of the lever; the point V should project downward
inside the money drawer near to the side of the drawer, so that blocks fixed against
the side of the drawer may strike the lever to and fro each time the drawer is
opened and closed, and thus, by moving the pawl d, give motion to the index.
When this apparatus is used in connection with an open money drawer it is desirable
that the drawer shall be furnished with the pawl and double-acting rack k
described with relation to Figure 53, so that when the drawer has moved about an
inch in one direction it shall be impossible to reverse its motion until it has moved

page_text: over its full course in that direction. It will then follow that every time the said
drawer is opened and closed it will of necessity cause the lever, indicated by the
dotted line v, v', to move to and fro sufficiently to cause the ratchet wheel k to
move forward one tooth. And since this ratchet would, as already described, give
motion to a jumping index, as already described, it will follow that such index will
record the number of times the money drawer is opened and closed, and thereby
keep a check on the entries made in a book ruled and numbered, as already
described. When receipts of money are checked by this means it is desirable that
the money shall be kept in the back part of the drawer so as not to be accessible
without pulling the drawer about half-way out.
What I claim with relation to this part of my Invention is the adaptation of
registering indexes to money tills, substantially as heroin described, and the combined
use of such registering indexes and books or their equivalents, ruled in. spaces, and
numbered progressively to correspond with the progressive indications afforded by
such registering indexes.
Figure 58 represents a fare-collecting box, for chécking or impounding the money.
received as fares by conductors of omnibuses and other public conveyances. The
case a is in the form of a square bottle, the neck of which extends inward about
half an inch, or more, if preferred. This neck, shewn in section at b, is square or
rectangular, as it would be seen in plan, and is divided into two, three, or more
passages by thin plates of steel c, c, or some other hard metal. These plates extend
downwards to the lower end of the neck at b', except that the plates and also the
sides of the neck are cut through at the point e; in order that a passenger's ticket
e', e¹, may be inserted, so as to close temporarily the passage leading to the money
chamber. The neck b is suitable for receiving coppers only; but a smaller neck,
suitable for admitting silver only, may be placed by the side of it, so that one
ordinary passenger's ticket would, if inserted in the opening c, close both necks. In
using this instrument the conductor first places a ticket in the opening e, as shewn
by the lines e¹, e¹. He then receives the money, which, if it be copper, he places in
the mouth b, distributing it conveniently between the plates c, c, as indicated by the
dotted lines. If the fare be in silver, he places, it in the mouth or neck specially
provided for silver, which neck should by preference lead into a separate money
chamber, distinct from that which receives coppers. Having placed the money in
the proper neck or mouth he presents the instrument to the passenger, so that the
latter may withdraw the ticket, and at the same time have a full view of the money
in the neck of the instrument. When the passenger withdraws the ticket the
money falls through the neck into the money chamber below. The dotted lines d
indicate the position of a roof-shaped plate of metal or other suitable material,
which extends from side to side of the money chamber in the direction of the ridge
of the roof, and also extends to within about half an inch of the side of the case at
the sloping sides of the so-called roof, so as to leave openings d', d', through which
money may fall into the money chamber below. The sloping top or shoulders of
the case are glazed both at g and g', the latter being shewn in section, so that if
any means were inserted for preventing the incoming payments from falling into
the money chamber, such attempted fraud would be visible to passengers.
I believe it to be impossible to extract money from the money chamber of this
instrument through the neck b without inverting the instrument, and in order that
frauds of this kind may be detected I adopt one of several expedients for shewing
whether the box has been inverted. One of these expedients consists in tracing on
the under or inner side of the glazed window g, g', with some kind of paint that
will not readily get hard, a few straight lines or any character that may be preferred.
It will then follow that if the instrument be inverted the money within it will, by
falling against the glazed windows, smear the lines or characters painted thereon.
Paint prepared with almond oil and vermillion would answer the purpose here
indicated. Another expedient consists in fixing under the roof-shaped plate d, d, a
frame of wire or other suitable material, on which is stretched a covering of thin
tissue paper or any other material that would be fractured by the pressure of money

page_text: against it if the apparatus should be inverted. Another means of attaining the
same end consists in fixing to the lower part of the instrument a small vessel
containing almond oil or some equivalent liquid or semi-liquid material that will
not lose its mobility in cold weather. At the upper part of such vessel I make a
small opening so proportioned to the thinness or mobility of the contained material,
herein supposed to be almond oil, that, on the one hand, it shall be impossible to
invert the apparatus without spilling one or more drops of the contained oil, and,
on the other hand, it shall require a considerable time for much of the contained oil
to flow out, even if the apparatus be kept persistently inverted.. The oil will thus
serve, in some degree, the purpose of a clock so far as indicating the length of time
during which the apparatus has been inverted. Another means of attaining the end
now under consideration consists in the use of an inverted pendulum so arranged
that it shall be unable to swing while the apparatus stands right way upwards, and
yet be able to swing freely if the apparatus be inverted, and at the same time give
motion to a registering index, so as to indicate the degree of persistency with which
efforts have been made to abstract money fraudulently.
h, Figure 58, is a sectional view of a box or case fixed against the side of the
chief case a.
This smaller case is intended to be just large enough to contain the
parts shown in the Drawing, together with the wheels, pinions, dials, and pointers,
which comprise an ordinary gas index; is the inverted pendulum, ¹ being the
loaded end of it; k is a pawl whose pin is fixed to the pendulum, as shewn; k¹ is a
part of the pawl projecting backward, and against this spur a gentle spring
m impinges, so as to give the pawl an upward tendency. As the pendulum swings
this pawl takes into the teeth of a ratchet wheel / having 10 teeth, so that 10 double
swings of the pendulum give one complete revolution to the ratchet wheel l. The
initial motion thus given to the ratchet wheel is made to actuate an ordinary gas
index in the manner already described with relation to the registering machine
herein-before described.
l
I have not thought it necessary to incumber the Drawing by showing the
details of such registering index in Figure 58, because my Invention relates, not
to the index itself, but to its application to a particular use, and the mode of so
applying it.
Figures 59, 60, and 61, illustrate a modification of the upper part of the apparatus
last described. Fig. 61 is a side elevation; Fig. 59, a similar elevation in section ;
and Fig. 60, a sectional elevation of a chamber situate at the side opposite to that
seen at Fig. 61. a is the outer case; a', part of the same in section; b, a cylindrical
plug, preferably of some kind of hard wood, and partially cased with metal, as
indicated by the sectional lines c, which partially surrounds it. This wooden plug
has a large mortice 61 cut through it longitudinally, just like the waterway of an
ordinary water-cock, except that the cylindrical casing c closes this supposed water-
way at the part c¹. This plug revolves partially on pivots fixed at either end; e,
Fig. 60, is one of these pivots, and e', Fig. 61, the corresponding pivot, enlarged
outside, so as to afford the means of securing a metallic ticket in a notch or groove
cut in the end of the pivot just like the groove in the head of an ordinary screw.
The plug b rotates in a tubular chamber of corresponding proportions, bored out of
a block of wood d, with a passage way g, gl, cut through it vertically, so that the
plug 6 and the block d, with its transverse and vertical passages, are very much like
an ordinary water-cock, except, as before stated, that the passage through the plug
bis closed at one side c¹ by the metal which partially surrounds the plug.
plug b is fixed in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 61 by a spring not shown in
the Drawing, capable of insuring at all times a half revolution of the plug. The
broken line at a² indicates where the money chamber would lie if it where necessary
to show the same in these Drawings.
The
When about to take a fare the conductor would insert a metallic ticket f' in the
notch of the pivot e', Fig. 61, using the said metallic ticket as a key or lever, and
should turn the pivot e', and, with it, the plug b half way round, and then lock the

page_text: metallic ticket m' that position by projecting the said metallic ticket under the stud
f, as shewn at f, f', Fig. 61. The plug will then be in the position shewn in Fig.
59, with its open side upwards. The passenger will then drop the amount of his
fare through the hopper g into the chamber within the plug, and when the conductor
has seen that the money is correct he will remove the metallic ticket and give it to
the passenger, and the act of removing the ticket will liberate the plug, which, by
virtue of the spring before mentioned, will spring half way round in the direction of
the arrow, and thus become inverted, so that the money previously placed in it will
fall into the money chamber below.
In order to abstract money from the money chamber through the plug b two
conditions are necessary; first, the instrument must be inverted so that money may
fall into the chamber in the plug b while the open part of the plug is facing the
money chamber; and, secondly, while the apparatus is thus inverted the plug 6 must be
'turned half way round so as to bring it in the position shown in Fig. 59. In order
to prevent fraud in this direction, I fix at the side of the apparatus opposite to that
seen in Fig. 61, the arrangements shewn in Fig. 60. x is the case in which the
moving parts are enclosed, the outer wall of this case being removed. To the pivot
e is fixed a toothed wheel, c¹; on the side k of this wheel is an ordinary ratchet,
and on the side k¹ a moving rack capable of working both ways. 1, 11, is a loaded
lever, the weight of the ball l' being nearly, but not quite, counterbalanced by the
spring o. The result of this arrangement is that so long as the apparatus is upright
or in any proper position the weight of the ball overcomes the spring, and thereby
prevents the pawl m, which projects from the lever l, from taking into the teeth of
the ratchet; but, if the apparatus be brought into or towards a horizontal position,
the weight will cease to counteract the spring o, and the said spring will then
force the pawl m into the teeth of the ratchet k, and thereby render it impossible to
turn the plug b so as to bring its open side towards the hopper g.
The teeth on the wheel k, k¹, are identical with those of the double-acting
rack k, Figure 53. These teeth are but a double-acting rack in the form of a semi-
circle, and the peculiar shaped pawls acts both ways by virtue of the spring p,
which presses alternately on the respective corners V and V1; the result is, that
when the plug b has moved so far in either direction as to bring the pawl 8 to bear
against one tooth of the circular rack k¹ the plug must complete the balf revolution,
or nearly so, before the circular rack can rotate in the opposite direction.
The apparatus described with reference to Fig. 58 may be modified by adapting
it for receiving metallic or paper counters representing the amount of the fare
instead of the actual money paid. The apparatus thus modified would be much
smaller and more simple than that described with reference to Fig. 58, the more so
because the metallic counters could be made to fill the passage through which they
would fall so completely as to render it impossible to abstract them through the
same opening; and the apparatus thus modified for receiving metallic counters
instead of money may be further modified by adapting to it the trigger tray
described with reference to Figs. 49 and 50; Figs. 62 and 63 illustrate the improve-
ment; Fig. 62 is a side elevation of the upper part of the apparatus, omitting only
the money chamber; and Fig, 63, the same in section; a is the case seen in section
at al; bis the tray in which the passenger places his money; c and c are two glass
plates supported in a metal frame or sash d, which sash forms at the upper side
the small hopper f; e is a metal counter dropped through the hopper f, and resting
on the lower member m¹ of the swinging crank m; Fig. 64 is front elevation of
this swinging crank, the part m² being cranked outward so that it may escape the
pawl 6 which project from the side of the tray b, as shewn in Fig. 62. The crank
m is pivotted at either side of the sash d, and is forced in the direction of the arrow
by the spring o; the gravitation of the tray b is counteracted by a spring p for
the purpose already described with reference to Figs. 49 and 50.
In using this apparatus the conductor first presses the crank m, in the direction
inverse to the arrow so as to bring it beyond the range of the pawl b'; the spring

page_text: p then forces the tray 6 upwards, whereby the pawl b¹ is depressed so as to hold
the crank m in the position shown in the Drawing. The conductor then drops the
counter e through the hopper f, and presents the tray for the passenger to place his
money upon it. If in doing so the passenger should fail to depress the tray and
thereby fail to liberate the suspended counter, the conductor should request him. or
her to give the necessary pressure, and if the passenger should decline, the con-
ductor should be required, on pain of dismissal, to apply the necessary pressure
before moving from his position in front of the passenger then paying his or
her fare..
The counter should be perforated with arabic figures representing severally the
amount of the different fares taken on the conveyance, or if preferred the amounts
may be indicated by holes in the counters, one hole meaning 1d., two holes 2d., and
so on. These perforations would be fully visible by daylight, and after daylight
would be rendered visible by the conductor having a lamp fixed in front of himself.
If thought necessary the upper part of the money chamber of this apparatus could
be glazed as described with reference to Fig. 58.
Fig. 65 illustrates a modification of the Invention described with reference to
Figure 55, which was overlooked when that machine was being described; a, a, are
parts of the case of the machine forming a passage or shoot through which the
money falls into any suitable locked receptacle situated below the said "shoot; " b
is the swing table having the part 6' rounded concentrically with the pivot C; e, e¹,
is a flap or valve extending the entire length of the shoot, from side to side of the
machine; is a sloping guide of wood or other material, the lower edge of which
joins, or nearly joins the upper edge of the valve e, e', at the point c. At the
point e this valve is pivotted into the two walls of the money shoot, and a short
lever g projects upward from the near end of the valve.
To the end of this lever is attached one end of a connecting rod d, whose other
end works on a pin fixed on the side of the swing table b. The effect of this
arrangement is, that as the slab b is raised to throw off the money on its surface,
the lever g is depressed, and the valve e, e!, raised into or towards a horizontal
position, so that before the end 62 of the swing table b passes the point a², the valve
e, c¹, rises so far as to close the opening. The incoming money is then received on
the valve e, e¹, and as the swing table b falls into a horizontal position the valve
e, e, opens downward and allows the money to pass into the chamber below.
Hence it follows that while the upper opening is open the lower one is closed; and
that when the lower opening is open the upper is closed, thus shutting off all pos-
sibility of access to the money chambers below the valve e, e¹.
:
Figure 66 represents on a smaller scale another means of effecting the above
object. The dotted line a, a, represents the inner line of part of the case; b is the
swing table, pivotted at the point c; d is a quadrant, fixed against the side of the
slab b; and h, a corresponding quadrant, fixed on the near end of an axis f, whichi
extends from side to side of the machine, and has bearings in the side walls thereof;
These two quadrants are connected by cords d' and h', the cord h¹ being attached
at one end to the upper quadrant, and at the lower end to the lower quadrant, and
the cord being similarly attached at one end to the lower quadrant, and at the
other end to the upper quadrant, so that the two quadrants work together as if
each were a segment of a toothed wheel, which it might be, if preferred, in practice.
e, e, and the dotted lines c', e¹, represent four blades like the blades of a radial
fanner or blower, which are all fixed at the centre to a tubular axis, working easily.
on the solid axis f; g is ratchet wheel of four teeth, which is fixed to the blades
and the tubular axis so that the blades, the tubular axis, and the ratchet move
together; i is a pawl, whose pin is fixed in the arm of the quadrant h; k is a stout
spring, bearing against the side of the ratchet wheel g with sufficient force to prevent
motion in either direction unless when considerable impelling force is used. The
effect of this arrangement is as follows:-When the swing table bis in its hori-
zontal position one of the blades e lies horizontally across the passage through which

page_text: the money falls. As the table b swings upward the quadrants move jointly in the
direction of the arrow without moving the blades e or the ratchet wheel g. When
the swing table rises sufficiently high the money on its surface falls on to the
blade e, which retains its position notwithstanding the pressure of the money, in
consequence of the friction caused by the spring k; but as the swing table descends
the quadrants move in the direction inverse to the arrow, and therefore the pawl i
takes into a tooth of the ratchet g, whereby the blades e, e, make a quarter of a
revolution..
By this means the money last coming in is brought into the chamber 1, and that
which was previously in the chamber is passed into the receptacle below. The
object of this and the foregoing contrivance is to provide that there shall never be
an entire opening through the money shoot, and thereby to render it impossible
to abstract money through the shoot from the chamber below.
I am aware that there is described in the Specification of the Invention of J. B.
Slawson, herein-before mentioned as being Patented in the name of A. V. Newton,
a fare-collecting box, which might possibly be distorted into an imitation of the
Invention described with relation to Figure 65.
The fare-collecting box described with reference to Figure 3 of Newton's Speci-
fication (Slawson's Invention), has above the swing table (or apron as it is called
in that Specification) what the Inventor calls "a tilting mouth or hopper," and to
this "tilting mouth or hopper" is attached a connecting rod, which moves the
swing table on which the money is inspected much as the valve e, e¹, Figure 63, is
moved by the connecting rod d. The two Inventions are similar so far as this,
they involve each the use of two swinging slabs, one of which is used solely as a
means of preventing abstraction of money from the receptacle below, and the other
is used partly for this purpose and partly for the purpose of exhibiting the incoming
fare for inspection. But there is this important and thoroughly radical difference
between the two Inventions:-In my Invention, herein-before described, the upper
of the two swinging slabs is essentially a table on which money may be spread for
inspection, so that each coin may be seen and the amount determined by simple
inspection; and when at rest, that is, when the apparatus is closed, this slab lies in
a horizontal position. Now in Slawson's fare-collecting box all this is completely
inverted, that is, the lower slab is the inspecting table, and the upper slab is merely
one side of a hopper, in which hopper or on which slab money could not by any
possibility be spread for inspection; firstly, because when the apparatus is closed
the slab stands or hangs almost vertically, and when the apparatus is open for the
admission of money this upper slab forms one side of a hopper, and is as nearly
vertical as the sides of hoppers usually are; secondly, because this slab is entirely
covered over and enclosed, except at a small opening or mouth, through which the
passenger inserts the amount of his fare.
It cannot be pretended therefore that this upper slab was ever intended to be
used as a table on which money could be inspected; nor can it be pretended that
it would be possible so to use it without involving a radical alteration of the
apparatus.
Moreover the Inventor distinctly speaks of the upper swinging slab as being a
tilting mouth or hopper, and of the under slab as being an apron or table, on which
the money may be inspected. This distinctive characteristic is further manifested
by the fact that immediately over the lower slab there are glazed openings provided
expressly to admit of money lying on the lower slab being inspected, while above
the upper slab no such openings are provided except the mouth, through which the
passenger drops his money.
This brings up another feature of Slawson's Invention, which may possibly be
confused with mine, vizt, the use of glazed openings, by means of which the
passage through which the incoming money falls may be inspected by the party
paying the money. In this particular there is the radical difference that in the
Slawson fare-collecting box, the glazed openings for exposing the interior, are above

page_text: the table on which the money is inspected, whereas in my Invention the said glazed
openings are below, or throw their light below the inspecting table.
There is yet another feature of the Slawson box which may possibly be confused
with mine. In the particular modification to which we are now referring, the
inspecting table works over an opening in the centre of the top of the locked recep-
tacle into which the money finally falls, and it would therefore be possible for
coins to slide off this table without overriding each other, or getting into a confused
heap. But there is a total absence of any provision for utilising this capability of
the apparatus, as described, with reference to my own Invention, Fig. 55; that is,
there is no slot-shaped opening for receiving the money, nor any internal guide or
sloping surface over which the money may be conducted after leaving the swing
table, nor any other means except those situated above the swing table for preventing
the passage of an instrument directly from the opening down upon the money lying
in the chamber or drawer below.
There are certain general directions or remarks relating to the construction and
use of the instruments and machines herein described, which I have thought it con-
venient to reserve for the purpose of submitting them collectively here. In the first
place it is perhaps desirable to observe that one object of my present Invention is to
modify my former Inventions, herein-before referred to, but I have most generally
spoken of the contrivances herein described as being improvements on those which
have gone before. Perhaps it would have been better to have said in each case
"improvement or modification," because in some cases the contrivances herein
described may not be improvements on, but merely modifications of those which
have gone before. Secondly, it will be obvious that if parties using any one of these
machines or instruments should prefer to have bells fixed thereto, so that the bell
shall sound when the machine or instrument is used, such bells can be applied by
means already known, and therefore not falling within the claims of my Invention,
or any other Invention. Thirdly, whether I have or have not spoken of lamps
being carried by conductors when using the instruments herein described, the
description supposes that where such lamps are needful or desirable, they will be carried
in front of the conductor's body, so that their light shall fall on the instrument, and
thereby render it clearly visible to the passenger. Fourthly, in all cases in which
the check on the receiving of money consists in impounding the incoming money, or
carrying it out of his reach, the description supposes that there will be appended to
and forming part of the machine a receptacle for the money, and that such receptacle
will be locked, and that the key will be in charge of some responsible person.
Fifthly, with reference to the machines herein described for impounding the in-
coming receipts of retail shops, public houses, and other like places; the description
supposes that the machines described will shoot the incoming payments into drawers
below the counters, or that they will contain locked drawers or chambers within
their own cases, in which the incoming payments can be securely retained during
the will of the principals or their representatives; and the description also supposes
that the said impounding machines may either be usued as desks with their surfaces
above the counters, or that they may be adapted for being sunk flush with the
counter. Sixthily, this Specification supposes that where any one kind of material
is suggested or named as being suitable for a purpose indicated in the construction
of any machine or apparatus herein mentioned, any other material may be used if
the person constructing or ordering the machine should think such substitution
desirable; in particular where glazed openings or coverings are named, such openings.
or coverings may be fitted with or consist of wire network or any other material,
through which objects may be clearly seen. Lastly, the contrivances herein described
are called somewhat irregularly, either machines, apparatus, or instruments, but I
suppose this fact will not affect the lucidity of the Specification.
The following modifications of some of the contrivances herein described were
inadvertently overlooked in the places in which they should have appeared:-The
machine described with reference to Figure 53 is shewn in the Drawing as having

page_text: a horizontal glazed covering from e¹ to e². In some cases it may be desirable to
substitute for a horizontal glass plate a square French shade or a vertical glass case
with its four sides all glazed. When this machine is thus constructed, the horizontal
member by which the closing rib f is propelled to and fro, must be sufficiently
wide to entirely fill the opening through which the closing rib f passes, so that
when the said closing rib shall have passed to or towards the position f¹, the
entrance to the glazed chamber e shall still be closed by means of the member 7.
The apparatus described with reference to Figure 55 may be modified by
substituting for the swing table b an endless belt with or without ribs, and
made to move in one direction, as described with reference to Figures 27 and 28
(second Specification), and Figure 51, present Specification, or an endless belt moving
in alternate directions, as described with reference to Figure 53, or a fixed slab
with a scraper travelling over it, as described with reference to Figure 52. But
all such contrivances, when detached from the glazed coverings with which they
are severally associated in this and my second Specification would be but
equivalents of the swing table b, Figure 53.
The description of the apparatus illustrated by Figures 58 to 61 inclusive, supposes
that in each case there would be attached to and forming part of the instrument a
locked receptacle for the incoming money. Either of these instruments may be
conveniently modified by dispensing with the locked receptacle as part of the instru-
ment, and connecting the working parts with a locked pocket or pouch by means of
a pliable but yet incollapsible tube, so that the money on entering the said tube
shall fall down the same into the aforesaid pouch or pocket, which should be secured
to the conductor's coat or person.
Having now fully described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which it may be carried out, I wish it to be understood that I claim generally as
my said Invention, the various machines, instruments, and apparatus herein
described for preventing fraud in the receipt of money, and the various modi-
fications thereof herein described and indicated, except so far as such machines,
instruments, and apparatus form parts of iny former Inventions herein-before referred
to as being described in one or other of my two former Specifications herein-before
mentioned, and excepting also so far as this general claim is limited by qualifi-
cations submitted herein. This general claim is also qualified by the errata note
which concludes this Specification. And I also wish it to be understood that I make
the following special and general claims, that is to say, I claim,-
―
First. The apparatus described with reference to Figures 46 to 48 inclusive, or
any modification thereof, in which a record is written at one and the same time on
a continuous band of paper permanently within the apparatus, and also on a
temporary paper inserted at the time of the operation; also any modi-
fication of the same apparatus in which the motions necessary to the insertion of
the temporary paper, the writing on it while inserted, and the subsequent with-
drawal of the paper shall bring into action the automatic movement, whereby the
continuous band of the paper travels forward.
Secondly. The use of a trigger tray for the purposes described with reference to
Figures 49 and 50, and also with reference to Figures 62, 63, and 64.
Thirdly. The apparatus described with reference to Fig. 52, or any modification
thereof, in which, when the glazed covering is once properly closed it cannot be
opened until a rib has been drawn over the surface of the money slab, and has
thereby caused the money to fall into a locked receptacle.
Fourthly. The apparatus described with reference to Fig. 53, or any modification
thereof, in which an endless belt or an apron of leather, cloth, or other suitable
material has a reciprocating motion so regulated that the belt cannot be drawn
from under the glass covering until it has first been impelled forward so as to throw
off any money which may be lying on its surface. I also claim with reference to
Fig. 53, the double acting rack and pawl k and h¹, or any equivalent arrange-
ment, whether applied to machines similar to Fig. 53, or to other machines for

page_text: checking the receipt of money, or to any kind of money till, or money drawer,
for the purpose of preventing or aiding in preventing fraud in the receipt of
money.
Fifthly. The apparatus described with relation to Figure 54, or any modification
thereof, in which the slab on which the money is impounded falls when drawn
fully from under the glazed covering, and rises when it returns fully under the
said glazed covering. Also any inversion of this apparatus in which a sliding
motion is given to the glazed cover instead of to the slab on which the money is
impounded.
Sixthly. The application and use generally of swing tables of the nature described
with reference to Figures 55, 65, and 66, in the construction of machines or
apparatus for preventing fraud in the receipt of money in retail shops, public houses,
restaurants, and other like places.
Seventhly. The several modes of preventing fraudulent abstraction of money
after it shall have passed the swing table, on which it is inspected in the class of
machines or apparatus last described, that is to say, (1) by the use of glazed
openings or their equivalents in such positions as to enable the payers of the incoming
money to inspect more or less fully the passage or passages through which the
money falls after leaving the inspecting table; (2) by providing a narrow slot
through which incoming money may pass sideways on leaving the swing table;
(3) by fixing one or more sloping surfaces or guides below the inspecting table,
over which sloping guides the falling money must pass after leaving the inspecting
table, the said guides being so arranged that they and the frame in which the
inspecting table swings, or any equivalent part of the apparatus shall be of them-
selves alone (that is, independently of appliances fixed above the ordinary level of
the inspecting table) an effectual bar to passing any instrument directly down upon
the money in the chamber below; (4) by the use of valvular appliances below the
inspecting table so arranged that the money passage below the said inspecting
table shall never be open throughout at any one time, substantially as described
with reference to Figures 65 and 66, or any mere modification of the same.
Eighthly. The mode of checking the receipt of fares on omnibusses and other con-
veyances described with reference to Figure 58, by inserting a passenger's ticket in
the lower part of a hopper for the purpose of arresting for temporary inspection in
such hopper any money, counter, or ticket which, by passing into a locked receptacle
below, shall serve as a check on the fares received.
Ninthly. The mode of preventing fraud in the receipt of money described with
reference to Figures 59 to 61, or any modification thereof, in which are used
the mechanical arrangements described with reference to Figure 60, or any equiva-
lent arrangement.
Tenthly. The mode of indicating whether machines for impounding incoming
payments are properly locked by providing that while the machines are not properly
locked, a notice implying the same shall be visible, which notice shall cease to be
visible when the machines are properly locked, substantially as described with
reference to Figures 53 and 54.
ERRATA. There are two errors in the first Sheet of Drawings which it was
impossible to correct without incurring the risk of sacrificing the Patent by failing
to file the Specification within the required time. One of these errors occur in
Figure 44, which Figure, if intended to shew the figure drums at 1, 9, and 8,
should have had the opposite side towards the spectator, because in practice the
said figure drums will be seen on the side of the machine opposite to that on which
the peg holes appear, as shewn at 0 to 11, in Figure 43. The second error occurs
in Figure 45ª, and was committed at the last moment through the draughtsman
misunderstanding the original rough Drawing supplied by myself. The small
numbered circles in this Figure are or should be empty holes in which pegs would
be inserted while working the machine. The numbers should therefore have stood
by the sides of the circles, not in them, and there should also have been another

page_text: small circle in each group at the points where the words pounds, shillings, and
jence occur. If the reader will bear these explanations in mind the errors in the
Drawings will not be a cause of any difficulty or obscurity.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Britten, have 'hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
ΤΟΠΟΥ
המחזמת
JOHN BRITTEN.
BRITTEN. (L.S.)