A Transversely Divided Ship's Boiler.
Year: 1892

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Transversely Divided Ship's Boiler.
I, HEINRICH KLEIN, Engineer, of Mülheim, on the Rhine, Wallstrasse No. 52,
near Cologne, in the Province of Rhineland Germany do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to a new transversely divided ship's boiler as
hereinafter more particularly described with reference to the annexed sheet of
illustrative drawings thereof.
The ship's boilers till now in use, in which the flame goes backwards suffer under
the great disadvantage, that in the fire-box, where the turned down rim of the
bottom of the heating or fire-tube and the upper seam at the lateral corners meet
together, marked in the drawing Fig. I. with A, the top plate burns and then must
be replaced by a new one. In order to undertake this repair, the front bottom-
plate has to be unrivetted, all the stays removed, the whole fire-box with the
fire-tubes and all the heating-tubes be taken out and put back again afterwards.
The present invention obviates this drawback by a new construction in which the
fire-box is not joined to the fire- and heating-tubes and connected together so as to
form a whole, but in which the boiler is divided transversely right across at the
end of the flame and heating tubes into two parts, independent of each other, a
front and a back boiler.
Fig. II. shows these two boilers in longitudinal section and the front-boiler in
cross-section.
In Fig. 1II. the two parts of the boiler are drawn separately in side-view as well
as a cross-section of the fire-box.
The front-boiler B has at its hinder end as well as in front a straight bottom-plate
in which the fire and heating-tubes are fastened, while the back-boiler C has at its
hinder end an arched boiler-bottom and at its front end a bottom pressed or welded
out of one piece in the shape of a fire-box.
If the latter bottom is placed with its vertical disc-ring close to the hinder bottom
of the front-boiler, the fire-box for the fire and heating tubes of the latter
finished.
The communication between the two boilers is carried out by means of either
flat-iron joint-bands (FF) rivetted on to the circumference at the point of
connexion, or by L pieces or by rings etc. The inflow of the water occurs through
an upright tube a in the hinder boiler which on its parts gives off the water by two
external connecting tubes into the front-boiler.
These connecting-tubes may be attached horizontally below to the right
and to the left, so that the cold water which has entered the hinder boiler C by
But it is
the upright tube a, flows in part directly into the front boiler B.
better however to fix the tubes in such a manner that they terminate with one
end as far as possible towards the top, however under the water level in the hinder-
boiler, C, but with the other end as far down as possible under the fire-tube in the
front-boiler B. By this means a continuous circulation of the water is occasioned,
since the water, which has evaporated in the boiler B is replaced again from the
boiler C; this water however enters the boiler B, being already warmed, and thus
the drawback, which is so greatly felt in all ship's boilers, namely that the water
under the fire-tube always remains cold, is obviated, as well as its evil consequences,
namely unequal expansion of the boiler in the upper and lower parts, on account of
the great differences in temperature, an unfavorable wearing of the material and
a quick leakage of the connexions between head and jacket plates of the boiler
helow at u

page_text: The connexion between the steam-space of the hinder-boiler and the steam-
dome D is also carried out by a correspondingly wide external tube c.
It is best in this case to arrange, that the steam-dome D terminates behind with
the hinder end of the front-boiler B so that the highest point of the steam-room of
the hinder boiler C is connected by a bent tube with the steam dome. Then
should any repairs be necessary in the front-boiler B, after the removal of this bent
tube, the hinder boiler C can be easily lifted upwards and removed, in order to
give the workmen free space, while otherwise, in consequence of the steam-dome
being immediately above, a removal of the hinder-boiler in an upward direction
not being possible, this would have to be done from behind; but here on account
of the iron wall E, which is generally to be found in ships behind the boiler, this
is rendered difficult or altogether made impossible.
If it should occur during the working of the machine that the water-pipes are
stopped up, the hinder-boiler C will be quite filled with water, which will then
pour in from above through the steam-pipe e and the steam-dome with a great
noise into the front-boiler. In this manner, as indeed in general, by the division
of the boiler into two parts, the danger of explosion, in comparison to the old
manner of construction, is also greatly lessened. Since in the welded fire-box,
which is fixed to the hinder-boiler, all seams are avoided, as far as it is reached by
the fire, there is nowhere any cause given for the easy burning through and leakage
of the plates; but if nevertheless repairs should become necessary, all parts are
easily accessible after the separation of the two boilers. The cover of the fire-box
and the head plates of the boilers may be easily fastened with brackets which was
generally done in former constructions by bows and span-screws, because the
connexion of the bottoms with the steam-jackets by means of brackets was not
feasible, on account of the far greater expansion by heat, of the fire-box; than that
which takes place in front. In the present new construction the fire-box can expand
and contract independently of the chief-boiler, by which means the occurrence of
craks in the plates of the fire-room are avoided, this being also a great advantage
of the new boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
Improvement in ship's steam boilers in which the flame goes backwards, consisting
in a division of the boilers into two parts, one lying behind the other, of which the
front one contains the fire- and heating-tubes, the hinder one the fire-box; both
parts are connected to a whole by screws at the external circumference, and
thus the water or steam room of the front-boiler is connected with the water and
steam room of the hinder-boiler by correspondingly wide tubes.
Dated this Twenty-first day of December 1892.
BERNHARD BROCKHUES,
Applicant's Agent.