AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF NAIL FOR FIXING GALVANIZED SHEET IRON AND OTHER SHEET METAL UPON ROOFS AND TO THE SIDES OF BUILDINGS, AND FOR FIXING SHEET METAL LINING TO TANKS AND FOR ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Parr, Clerk to Messieurs Henry Rogers, Sons, and
Company, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Merchants, and
William Richard Phillips, of Wolverhampton aforesaid, Tinsmith, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF NAIL FOR FIXING GALVANIZED
SHEET IRON AND OTHER SHEET METAL UPON ROOFS AND TO THE SIDES OF
BUILDINGS, AND FOR FIXING SHEET METAL LINING TO TANKS AND FOR
ANALOGOUS PURPOSES"
Sealed the 2nd May 1879, and dated the 3rd March 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Parr and William
Richard Phillips at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd
March 1879.
ROBERT PARR, Clerk to Messieurs Henry Rogers, Sons, and Company, of Wolver-
hampton, in the County of Stafford, Merchants, and WILLIAM RICHARD PHILLIPS, of
Wolverhampton aforesaid, Tinsmith. "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF NAIL
FOR FIXING GALVANIZED SHEET IRON AND OTHER SHEET METAL UPON ROOFS AND
TO THE SIDES OF BUILDINGS, AND FOR FIXING SHEET METAL LINING TO TANKS AND
FOR ANALOGOUS PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to nails to be used for fixing metal sheets to wooden
purlins and framing for buildings, tanks, and analogous purposes, and consists in
casting, preferably within a heated metal mould, a leaden or other soft metal, or soft
compound metal head around the ordinary metal head of the nail. The shank of
the nail and also the head are preferably of round section, and the ordinary head is
roughened or chequered to hold the leaden or other soft metal head securely. In
using nails constructed as aforesaid the ordinary leaden or other washers used in
fixing roofing sheets and other sheets are not required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert Parr and William Richard Phillips in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd September 1879.
ROBERT PARR, Clerk to Messieurs Henry Rogers, Sons, and Company, of Wolver-
hampton, in the County of Stafford, Merchants, and WILLIAM RICHARD PHILLIPS, of
Wolverhampton aforesaid, Tinsmith. "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF NAIL FOR
FIXING GALVANIZED SHEET IRON AND OTHER SHEET METAL UPON ROOFS AND TO THE
SIDES OF BUILDINGS, AND FOR FIXING SHEET METAL LINING TO TANKS AND FOR
ANALOGOUS PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to nails to be used for fixing galvanized and other metal
sheets to purlins and fraining for buildings and tanks, and for analogous purposes,
and is applicable also to screw-bolts and rivets used for like purposes.
A leaden or other soft metal, or soft compound metal head is cast (preferably
within a heated metal mould) around the ordinary harder metal head of the nail.
The shank and head of the nail are preferably of round section and the ordinary
head is roughened or chequered to hold the leaden or other soft metal, or soft com-
pound metal head securely. We find the ordinary chequered-headed wire nail verý
convenient for this purpose.
:.
In using nails constructed as aforesaid, leaden or other soft metal washers are
not required, as the leaden head when hammered down makes a thorough joint.
When the nails are used for lining tanks the head of course requires soldering.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention as it relates to nails, we will
proceed to describe the best method we at present know of casting the leaden or
other soft metal, or soft compound metal heads upon the nails, and in doing so
will refer to the accompanying Drawings and the letters of reference marked
thereon.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a moulding frame; Figure 2, a plan of
the same partly open; and Figure 3, a plan of the same closed.
The views are
all drawn to a scale of half full size. The same letters of reference occurring upon
any of the views indicate corresponding parts.
A, A, are two blocks or arms hinged at B. At the inner edge of each block A are
sunk a number of recesses a, a, etc. At the bottom of the recesses a, a, etc., are sunk
recesses b, b, etc., and at the bottom of recesses b, b, etc., are sunk recesses c, c, etc.
When the blocks A, A, are closed to-gether the corresponding recesses a, a, etc., in
each block form moulds for the leaden or other soft metal heads. The corresponding
recesses b, b, etc., in each block form holes in which the shanks of the nails fit, and
the corresponding recesses c, c, etc., form enlarged holes in which the shanks of the
nails fit quite loosely, so as to allow for slight departures in the straightness of the
nails. C, C, etc., are studs forming legs upon which the moulding frame stands
loosely upon a bench or table, two of the said studs C, C, etc. (being upon one
block A), acting also to support the guage-plate D, which is adjusted by the lock-
nuts E, E, etc. The moulding-frame is first heated (say to about 200° Fahrenheit)
to prevent the metal being chilled too suddenly, and the blocks A, A, are closed
to-gether and the ordinary nails d, d, etc., put through the holes b, b, etc., the points
of the nails resting on the guage-plate D and the ordinary heads being within the
moulds a, a, etc., as shewn (Figure 1). For convenience in slipping in the nails it
is best not to quite close the blocks A, A. When the nails are placed in position
the lever F is pulled into the position shewn by Figure 3, the stud G engaging with
the back of the projection on one of the blocks A and thus drawing and holding the
blocks A, A, firmly to-gether. The lever H is then pulled into the position shewn
by Figure 3 and tightened down by passing under a retaining piece J inclining
backwards, so that the lever H is tightened down as it is forced under the said
retaining-piece J. A number of openings e, e, etc., shaped as shown, are formed
through the lever H and are immediately over the corresponding moulds a, a, etc.,

page_text: when the lever H is in the position shewn by Figure 3. The leaden or other soft
metal heads are cast around the ordinary nail heads by pouring in the molten metal
through the holes e, e, etc. The lever H is then knocked back, cutting off the
superfluous parts above the moulds a, a, etc. The lever F is then pulled back and
the blocks A, A, opened widely to allow the nails with the leaden or other soft
metal heads thereon to fall out. A shoulder may be formed at the back of the hinge
B, or any convenient stop may be formed if desired to prevent the blocks A, A, from
being opened unnecessarily wide. The nails are not heated before being placed
within the moulding frame as the frame itself heats them sufficiently. After the
first casting the frame is sufficiently hot from the heat imparted by the molten
metal not to require further heating specially. The blocks A, A, may be of any
convenient metal, but it is preferred to make the lever H of steel, as the cutting
parts at the bottom of the holes e, e, etc., stand best in that metal.
This Invention as it refers to screw-bolts and rivets relates to those screw-bolts
and rivets which are used for holding to-gether roofing sheets, and also for similar
purposes to those for which the nails before described are used. Leaden or other
soft metal, or soft compound metal heads are cast around the bolt heads and the
first formed heads of the rivets in a similar manner and for a similar purpose as
described under the description of the nails proper.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, and described the method of
carrying out the same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention and desire to
secure by Letters Patent is,―
The manufacture of leaden or other soft metal, or soft compound metal headed
nails by casting within a mould lead or other soft metal or soft compound metal
around the harder metal heads of the nails, substantially as and for the purpose
herein described and shewn by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Parr, for myself and on behalf of the
said William Richard Phillips, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-nine.
Witness,
STEPHEN WATKINS.
Assoc. M. Inst. C.E.,
Office for Patents,
Wolverhampton.
ROBERT PARR. (L.S.)