CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SAWING TIMBER
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
TAYLOR, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Cabinet Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-third day of October, in the ninth year of Her reign;
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Taylor, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Thomas Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said Thomas Taylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no other, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SAWING TIMBER;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Thomas Taylor, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Taylor, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say:-
These Improvements applicable to Machinery or Apparatus for Sawing
Timber, are, in the first place, confined to such machinery wherein the circular
saw is employed, and are designed to effect a considerable saving in the cutting
of the timber, and also to obtain a much greater amount of work with less
power in a given time than by the use of the common apparatus. These
improvements are accomplished principally by being enabled to employ much
thinner saws than usual, and by keeping a perfect parallel between the saw
and the "fence" or bed against which the plank is cut, and also by keeping
the saw cool during the cutting operation, thus preventing the "buckling" to
which it is liable on becoming expanded by heat.
Secondly, these improvements apply to the sharpening of the teeth of saws,
and are intended to supersede the use of files, as commonly employed for such
purpose.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now proceed
to describe the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, which will
be readily understood by reference to the Drawing accompanying these
Presents, in which Figures 1, 2, and 3 are drawn to a scale of about one inch,
and the remainder of the Figures to a scale of about two inches to a foot.
Figure 1 represents a plan or horizontal view of an ordinary circular saw
frame, with the first part of my improvements attached thereto; Figure 2 is a
side elevation, with part of the framing removed; and Figure 3 is a transverse
section of the same. a, a, is the framing of the apparatus; b, b, the bed or
table upon which the timber is cut; c, c, is the driving pulley; and d, d, the
circular saw. This saw is mounted upon the spindle e, e, and is adjustable
in its bearing by means of the set screws f. f. There are also iron plates g, g,
(see Fig. 3) upon each side of the saw, furnished with pegs of boxwood h, h,
and adjustable to the parallel of the saw by means of the set screws i, i.
k, k, are two pegs of boxwood, for the purpose of securing the exact perpendicular
position of the saw. Thus it will be seen that the saw may be adjusted in
every direction with the greatest nicety, and when so adjusted is held in the
required position, and prevented from vibrating by the pegs h, h, and k, k, by
which means I am enabled to use a much thinner saw than ordinary, and con-
sequently effect a considerable saving of the timber. When the saw becomes
heated by the friction against the timber it begins to expand, and bulges

page_text: or "buckles" between the centre and its circumference, which the workman
will readily perceive by the vibration of the saw and the unevenness of the
cut. The tap is then to be turned, and thus cause water to flow along the
pipe m, and cool the saw at or near the centre, and also by turning the tap
mwater is caused to flow along the forked pipe n upon both sides of the
edge or circumference of the saw. Thus the saw may be kept quite cool, and
worked continuously for any length of time, still keeping perfectly parallel
and true to the work it has to perform. The piece of timber O, O, under
operation is pressed by the spring p and roller q against the "fence", which
serves as a bed against which the timber is cut, and also as a gauge to deter-
mine the thickness of the plank. This "fence" r is adjusted by means of
the sliding bars, s, and parallel levers t, t, being set accurately by the right
and left hand screws u, u, and v, v. The timber is forced against the saw
by means of the drag rope or cord w, w, passing around the pulley or barrel x,
which is driven by gearing and band pullies from the main driving shaft. As
soon as the plank is cut the small pinion y is thrown out of gear with the
spur wheel z, and the rope w, w, is carried forward by the workman, and
hooked on to another piece of timber, when the operation will proceed as
before.
The second part of my Invention is exhibited at Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9,
in the Drawing, Fig. 4 being a plan or horizontal view; Figure 5 is a front
elevation, and Figure 6 a side view of an arrangement of machinery or
apparatus for the purpose of sharpening the points of the teeth of the saw,
and producing an uniformity in the bevil of the edge of the same.
The saw
a, a, is placed and held upon the moveable table b, b, by means of the set
screw c, c. d is a disc of copper, fixed upon the end of the spindle e, mounted
in the headstock f. This disc and spindle are caused to revolve rapidly by
the band 9 passing around the pulley h, and an oscillating motion is given
to the headstock f by its being connected to the crank pin i by the levers
k, k. The tooth of the saw a, is placed in contact with the disc d, which,
on application of oil and fine emery, will bring the points of the teeth to the
finest edge, at the same time ensuring the uniformity of bevil on the edge
of each tooth. Each alternate tooth of the saw being thus sharpened and
bevilled upon the edge, the saw is turned over, and the disc caused to revolve
in the opposite direction by crossing the driving band or otherwise. The
intermediate teeth of the saw are then brought under operation and bevilled
to the same angle, but in the reverse direction. Figure 7 shews a plan view;
Figure 8 a side view; and Figure 9 a front elevation of an arrangement of
apparatus for sharpening the "gullet" or bottom of the tooth. The general

page_text: arrangement of this apparatus is similar to that above described, excepting
that a copper roller or spindle d (instead of a disc) is in this instance
employed, and the reciprocating motion is given to the spindle e, the headstock
f being fixed. i, i, is a small worm, driven by the band k passing around
the pulley b, and actuating the worm wheel m. This wheel m is furnished
with a crank pin n, which gives the requisite. vibratory motion to the spindle e
by means of the forked lever o and links p, p. This contrivance, by the appli-
cation of emery and oil to the roller d, will bring the under side of a tooth to a
smooth and fine edge. When the "gullet" of every alternate tooth has been
thus sharpened the saw is turned over, and the intervening teeth operated upon
as above described. In both of these arrangements the bevil upon the edge
of the tooth may be varied by altering the position of the leg r, which supports
the table b, b, and the bevil upon the top of the tooth in the former, and the
amount of hook given to the tooth in the latter case, may be varied by altering
the relative position of the centre of the saw with respect to that of the
headstock, by shifting the set screws 8, 8. Thus, any required shape of tooth
and amount of bevil may be given at the same time that the perfect unifor-
mity of each tooth is secured.
Having now described the nature and object of my Invention, together with
the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark, in
conclusion, that I claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the method of preserving the correct parallel and vertical position
of the saw, as above described, together with the apparatus for setting the
"fence" parallel and true, and the spring and roller for keeping the timber
against the "fence."
.
Secondly, the method of cooling the saw, when required, by causing water
to flow upon the same; and,
Thirdly, the apparatus for "dragging" the timber through the saw frame.
With respect to the sharpening apparatus, I claim the use of the copper disc
or roller used in combination with fine emery and oil, for the purpose of
sharpening the teeth of saws; and,
Lastly, I claim the general arrangement of the whole of the apparatus,
as above described and exhibited in the Drawing annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
THOMAS (L.S.) TAYLOR.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-second day of
April, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Thomas Taylor came before
our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute in that case made and provided.
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see above writton