AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING NON-INFLAMMABLE PLAIN AND TWILLED DYED COTTON FABRICS. CALLED JEAN- NETTS, BEETLE TWILLS, ROLLED SHIRTINGS, FANCY AND STRIPED AND SPOTTED SHIRTINGS, AND OTHER COTTON GOODS, PRINTED OR OTHERWISE, USED FOR LINING DRESSES AND MAKING CRINOLINES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bernard O'Connor, of the Firm of B. O'Connor
& Brother, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturers, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING
NON-INFLAMMABLE PLAIN AND TWILLED DYED COTTON FABRICS. CALLED JEAN-
NETTS, BEETLE TWILLS, ROLLED SHIRTINGS, FANCY AND STRIPED AND SPOTTED
SHIRTINGS, AND OTHER COTTON GOODS, PRINTED OR OTHERWISE, USED FOR
LINING DRESSES AND MAKING CRINOLINES."
Sealed the 3rd January 1865, and dated the 4th August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bernard O'Connor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th August 1864.
I, BERNARD O'CONNOR, of the Firm of B. O'Connor & Brother, of the City
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING NON-
INFLAMMABLE PLAIN AND TAILLED DYED COTTON FABRICS, CALLED JE ETTS
BEETLE TWILLS, ROLLED SMIRTINGS, FANCY AND STRIPED AND SPOTTED SHIRTING3.
AND OTHER COTTON GOODS PRINTED OR OTHERWISE, USED FOR LINING DRESSES AND
MAKING CRINOLINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the treatment of plain and twilled dyed cotton
fabrics, called jeannetts, beetle twills, rolled shirtings, fancy and striped and
spotted shirtings, and other cotton goods, printed or otherwise, used for linin;
dresses and making crinolines, so as to render them non-inflammable, and
consists in soaking, immersing, or passing such fabrics through a solution
composed of any of the salts of magnesium, such as muriate of magnesium,
Paine d

page_text: sulphate of magnesium, carbonate of magnesium, or chloride of magnesium
(either in combination with 10 per cent. of bromine or otherwise), in the
proportion of 20 per cent. to the water employed as a solvent.
In lieu of the afore-mentioned salts any of the following may be used in
like proportions-Sulphate of ammonia, carbonate of ammonia, chloride of
ammonia, muriate of ammonia, silicate of soda, biborate or borate of soda,
biborate or borate of potash, phosphate of tin, borate of tin, chloride of tin
and ammonium, bichloride of tin and ammonium, antimoniate of potash,
chloride of antimony, sulphate of zinc, zinc aluminate, carbonate of lime,
sulphate of potash, tungstate of soda, tungstate of potash, tungstate of am-
monia, chloride of soda, carbonate of soda, bicarbonate of soda, phosphate
of soda, bisulphate of soda and sulphate of alumina, alone or in combination
with potash or soda.
The fabrics to be rendered non-inflammable may be either soaked, im-
mersed, or passed through the solution of the various salts; or by mixing
starch or other stiffening material, either in the solid or liquid state, with
the chemical salts herein-before named, in the proportion of 1 to 8 of starch
or other stiffening material, and soaking, immersing, or passing the fabrics
through the mixture.
Although certain proportions have been stated, the same effect might be
produced by using more or less of the chemicals named, so the Inventor does
not absolutely confine himself to the aforesaid proportions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Bernard O'Connor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BERNARD
O'CONNOR, of the Firm of B. O'Connor & Brother, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eighthundred and sixty-four,in the twenty-eighth yearof Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Bernard O Connor, Her special license that I, the said Bernard O'Connor my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Bernard
O'Connor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might nake, use, exercise, and

page_text: vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MAKING
NON-INFLAMMABLE PLAIN AND TWILLED DYED COTTON FABRICS, CALLED JEANNETTS,
BEETLE TWILLS, ROLLED SHIRTINGS, FANCY AND STRIPED AND SPOTTED SHIRTINGS,
AND OTHER COTTON GOODS, PRINTED OR OTHERWISE, USED FOR LINING DRESSES AND
MAKING CRINOLINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Bernard O'Connor, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Bernard O'Connor, do hereby declare
the nature of this my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the treatment of all cotton and linen fabrics in
the piece used for lining dresses and other garments and making crinolines,
so as to render them non-inflammable; and is particularly applicable to
plain and twilled dyed cotton fabrics, called jeannetts, beetle twills, rolled
shirtings, fancy and striped and spotted shirtings, and other cotton and
linen fabrics, whether plain, embossed, or printed.
To render the afore-mentioned fabrics non-inflammable I make a solution
composed of any of the salts of magnesium, such as muriate of magnesium,
sulphate of magnesium, carbonate of magnesium, or chloride of magnesium
in the proportion of twenty parts of salt (by weight) to eighty parts of the
water employed as a solvent, and I prefer to add a small proportion of
bromine (say 10 per cent.) although the bromine is not absolutely necessary.
The fabric in the piece is then soaked, immersed, or passed slowly through
the said solution in order that it may become thoroughly saturated, and is
afterwards taken out and dried and finished in the ordinary mode of
finishing piece goods.
Where starch or other stiffening matter is used in the finishing process the
solution of salt may be mixed with such starch or other stiffening matter
in the proportion of 20 parts of solution of salt to 100 parts of starch (in
solution) and the fabric passed through the mixture, thereby producing the
non-inflammable and stiffening effect by one and the same process.
In lieu of the chemical salts herein-before mentioned any of the follow-
ing may be used in like proportions:-Sulphate of ammonia, carbonate of

page_text: ammonia, chloride of ammonia, muriate of ammonia, silicate of soda, biborate
or borate of soda, biborate or borate of potash, phosphate of tin, borate of tin,
chloride of tin and ammonium, bichloride of tin and ammonium, antimoniate
of potash, chloride of antimony, sulphate of zinc, zinc aluminate, carbonate
of lime, sulphate of potash, tungstate of soda, tungstate of potash, tungstate
of ammonia, chloride of soda, carbonate of soda, bicarbonate of soda, phos-
phate of soda, bisulphate of soda, and sulphate of alumina, alone or in
combination with potash or soda.
I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the
proportions herein-before stated, as the same effect might be produced by
using more or less of the chemicals herein-before mentioned, and as the
thickness and weight of the fabric to be rendered non-inflammable must be
taken into account, and the solutions made stronger by dissolving more
salt therein, in proportion to the thickness and weight of the fabric to be
made non-inflammable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my
said Invention, and how I believe the same may be best carried into practical
effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise details and proportions, as the same may be considerably varied without
departing from the Invention, but what I particularly claim is, making cotton
and linen fabrics in the piece non-inflammable (such as plain and twilled
dyed cotton fabrics, called jeannetts, beetle twills, rolled shirtings, fancy and
striped and spotted shirtings, and other cotton and linen fabrics, whether
plain, embossed or printed) during the finishing process, or before such fabrics
are cut up, such fabrics being used for lining dresses and other garments or
wearing apparel, and for making crinolines, as herein-before described and
fully set forth, or any nere modification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bernard O'Connor, have hereunto set
my hand and affixed my seal, this Third day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
BERNARD (L.s.) O'CONNOR.
JOHN G. WILSON (of Manchester),
Agent to the said.
Bernard O'Connor.