MANUFACTURING FROM LEATHER, LEATHER CUTTINGS, SHAVINGS OR PARINGS OF EVERY KIND OF LEATHER WHATSOEVER, AND WHIT LEATHER, OR LEATHER POR COVERING THE FRONTS, BACKS, SIDES, AND TOPS OF COACHES, CHARIOTTS, POST CHAISES, SEDAN CHAIRS, AND TRUNKS, AND FOR MAKING BAND, HATT, AND OTHER BOXES, WAITERS, TEA TRAYS, INK STANDS, INK POTTS, SNUFF AND TOBACCO BOXES, AND OTHER THINGS, MOULDINGS, CORNICES, CEILING AND OTHER ORNAMENTS FOR ROOMS, AND FOR BINDING OF BOOKS; AND, WITH SOME VARIATION IN THE PROCESS, PAPER FOR COPPER PLATE PRINTING, BROWN, WHITE BROWN PAPER, AND FOR DRAWING
Year: 1790

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HOOPER, of the Parish of Saint Giles in the Fields, in the county of Middlesex,
Bookseller and Stationer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twentieth day of January, in the thirtieth year of His reign,
did give unto the said Samuel Hooper His special licence that I, the said
. Samuel Hooper, during the term of fourteen years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend within that part of the King-
dom of Great Britain called England, and the Dominion of Wales and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my new Invention for "MANUFACTURING FROM
LEATHER, LEATHER CUTTINGS, SHAVINGS OR PARINGS OF EVERY KIND OF LEATHER
WHATSOEVER, AND WHIT LEATHER, OR LEATHER POR COVERING THE FRONTS, BACKS,
SIDES, AND TOPS OF COACHES, CHARIOTTS, POST CHAISES, SEDAN CHAIRS, AND TRUNKS,
AND FOR MAKING BAND, HATT, AND OTHER BOXES, WAITERS, TEA TRAYS, INK STANDS,
INK POTTS, SNUFF AND TOBACCO BOXES, AND OTHER THINGS, MOULDINGS, CORNICES,
CEILING AND OTHER ORNAMENTS FOR ROOMS, AND FOR BINDING OF BOOKS; AND, WITH
SOME VARIATION IN THE PROCESS, PAPER FOR COPPER PLATE PRINTING, BROWN,
WHITE BROWN PAPER, AND FOR DRAWING," is prepared and manufactured under
distinct heads for making the different articles above specified as follows,
that is to say; the process and inethod for manufacturing from leather, for
covering the fronts, backs, sides, and tops of coaches, chariotts, post, chaises,
sedan chairs and trunks, is to take the leather cuttings, shavings: or parings

page_text: of leather, and put into an engine according to its size one hundredweight
or more of such leather cuttings, shavings or parings of leather, to be washed
with water till clean from dirt, and then worked with a proper quantity of
water in the engine till it is reduced to a fine pulp. For some purposes
a surface of great smoothness is required; and in this case mix with the
pulp in the engine such a quantity of size as will give it the fine texture
and quality wanted. The pulp being prepared, it must be put into a chest
or tub, and worked on brass on iron wire moulds, and made to any degree
of thickness the different articles of the manufacture requires. The pulp
being ready to work, it must be put into the moulds, and then with a hand-
screw press, suspended in a frame over a table, pressed sufficient to seperate
the water from the pulp in order to deliver it free from the mould; which
done, lay each piece as it is made between a kind of blankiting or felting;
this being done put it into an upright strong press, and press it with such
force as to leave it as free from water as possible; when pressed as dry as
you can, take it immediately out, and spread it flat on the ground, or on
stanges made fit for the purpose; as soon as it is dry it must again be put
into the press, and pressed with great force to give it a smooth and even
surface; and should the second pressing not be sufficient to give that even
face necessary, then put each piece between metal plates, and repress it, or
run it through iron or brass rollers, which finishes the operation.. The
process for manufacturing the leather cutting, shavings or parings of leather,
for binding books, is the same in every respect as above described for the
making the covering for the fronts, backs, sides, and tops of coaches, chariotts,
post chaises, sedan chairs, and trunks, leaving out the size. The process
for manufacturing the leather cuttings, shavings or parings of leather, for
making band, hatts, and other boxes, waiters and tea trays, ink stands and
ink potts, snuff and tobacco boxes, and other things, such as mouldings,
cornices, ceilings, and other ornaments for rooms, as above described for the
making of the covering for the fronts, backs, sides, and tops of coaches,
chariotts, post chaises, sedan chairs, and trunks, and binding of books, except,
where the leather cuttings, shavings or parings of leather, is reduced to a
pulp, as above described, the water must be drained from it, and then mix
with the pulp a strong size, this will form a kind of thick paste or soft
dow, which from its softness and yielding quality may be moulded into any
form. The process for manufacturing the leather cuttings, shavings or parings
of leather, for making brown paper, is to put to the leather cuttings, shavings
or parings of leather, a fourth part or more of junk or hemp, with a little fine
clay, which will give it smoothness and strength; these materials are to be

page_text: put together into the engine, and beat till reduced to a proper pulp; the
mode of working is the same as commonly practiced for making brown
paper. The process for manufacturing the leather cuttings, shavings or
parings of leather, for making white-brown paper, is the same as that for
making the brown paper as above described, except instead of junk
or hemp the same quantity of the coarsest rags must be substituted, and
leaving out the clay. The process for manufacturing the leather cuttings,
shavings and parings of leather, for making from white leather paper for
drawing and printing of copper plates, is to add to the cuttings, shavings or
parings of leather, including whit leather, three fourths or more of fine
rags. These must be put into the engine, and beat to a fine pulp; and to
make it sufficiently tough and firm use such quantity of size as is necessary
for that purpose; the size may be mixed with the pulp in the engine, or
after the paper is made in the usual way; the method of making it the same
as commonly practised for making paper.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Hooper, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand seven hundred and ninety.
of Cook's Court, Carey Street.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Nineteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord 1790, the aforesaid Samuel Hooper came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and everything therein contained and specified in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.