Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Da'e of Application, 1st June, 1896-Accentel, 18th July, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Lighting and
Heating Purposes.
I, PETER FRASER, of 597 Gates Avenue, Brooklyn, New York State, U.S.A.
Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to he performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has mainly for its object the construction of an improved apparatus
or burner for lighting and heating purposes, although it has also for its object the
provision of a simple and convenient arrangement whereby the elevation of the
usual canopy radiator of a lamp and the lamp itself can be altered at pleasure.
This invention consists in certain novel details of construction and combinations
and arrangements of parts as hereinafter described and pointed out particularly in
the claims.
And in order that my said inventio may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon,
Fig. I is a vertical section and Fig. 2 a plan of a gas burner, adapted for lighting
purposes.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section and Fig. 4 a plan showing the same burner as adapted
for heating purposes.
Fig. 5 is a reduced view, with part vertical section, of a modification of the
heating arrangement.
Fig. 6 is a view, partly in section, of a lamp and its supporting bracket or
frame.
Figs. 6 and 6B are details.
Fig. 7 is another view of a lamp and its frame.
The improvements are specially applicable to gas lamps and heaters although
some of the improvements can be applied to oil lamps and heaters.
Referring to the drawings on which the same reference letters wherever repeated
indicate the same or similar parts.
The burner shown at Figs. 1 and 2 consists of a hollow chamber a, preferably
made of copper and somewhat flattened at its upper and under sides and which is
provided with an open downward extension a' and an upward extension or tubular
part a. Secured concentrically within the tubular part a' is a tube a with a flat
onter flange a at its lower end. Connected to this flange a is a branch a' for the
inlet of gas. The upper inwardly flanged part as of the part a² is perforated with
numerous holes a. Fitted on top of the tube a³ is a cylindrical spreader b
perforated with holes 61 and provided with a cap b
Fitted round the tubular part a' is the usual gallery c and inserted within the
gallery is a perforated conic ring d which extends from the bead of the gallery c
up to about the level of the perforations a' where it is bent inwards so as to fit on
to the tubular part a². The glass globe or funnel e is, as usual, fitted on the
gallery c as shown at Fig. 6 which view shows the lamp complete.
With this construction of burner the gas from the pipe a, which is connected by
a rubber tube or other connection to a suitable source of gas supply, enters the
small chamber a and then passes up to the perforations a where it issues in the
form of an annular flame of "Argand" pattern. The gas in its passage upwards, is
heated by the hot tubes a², a. An induced current of air passes from below, as
indicated by the arrow, into the large air chamber a (which, being made of copper

page_text: *
or other good conductor, is, while the lamp is burning, always hot), where it
becomes heated. The now hot air passes up the tube a3 and issues out through the
perforations of the spreader & and whilst promoting combustion at the same time
spreads out the annular flame. An outer current of air also passes up through the
holes in the gallery c aud through the perforations of the metallic coue d to the
flame. This conic ring d whilst, by its conductivity, heating the air passing
through it, also, at the same time, regulates the draught and gives a regular
distribution of air around the flame.
In Figs. 3 and 4 the device shown at Figs. 1 and 2 is adapted for general heating
and cooking purposes. In this case the lower part a' of the chamber a is set into
an opening in a hollow metal stand or pedestal g which is provided with air inlet
orifices g. The spreader b is removed and a top of peculiar construction fitted in
the gallery in place of the lamp globe. This top consists of a metal, preferably
copper, mixing chamber having an outer cylindrical wall of different diameters
at different parts and which is spun or shaped with a constricted neck part A³ above
which part it flares outwardly at 4, and of an inner wall consisting of an inverted
cone i made with a perforated flange which latter serves as the top of the
chamber. There are, preferably; three rows of perforations in this flange as
shown. As will be seen the inverted conic wall is not regular in shape but appears
in section as curved to a somewhat O-G form. Fitted on top of the chamber his
a ring supported by arms and made with perforations in its periphery. The
pot, kettle, pañ, or such like to be heated is placed on the ring. If desired
instead of using arms 2 the ring j can be connected to the chamber h by a wall k of
metal provided with holes for the admission of air as shown at Fig. 5.
In this arrangement a very perfect "Bunsen" or blue flame is produced at the
perforations Air, as before, passes up the tube a from the chamber a and mixes
with gas from the holes a' and air from the gallery c and cone d, and this mixture
passes up hetween the inverted cone i and the outer cylindrical wall, and finally
issues at the orifices . The mixture of gas and air is highly heated, before
combustion, by the cone i and the cylindrical wall.
The arrangement of constricted neck and the inverted cone i gives a very
narrow annular and wedge shaped passage for the gas and air to pass through and
thus prevents lighting back.
In the modification shown at Fig. 5 the pedestal g is made in one with a burner
consisting of a tubular upward projection g2 corresponding to the part a, Figs. 1
and 2 and with an inner tube gand flange g corresponding with the parts a and a
of the same figures. It is also provided with a gallery c and cone d so that it forms
a complete burner on which a globe can be fitted when it is desired to use it for
lighting purposes. When it is desired to use it as a heater the mixing chamber h
with its ring is merely fitted on the gallery e as shown. When the burner is
used as a lamp a spreader b, Fig. 1, is fitted in the g.
Fig. 6, 64 and 6" show an arrangement for adjustably fixing a lamp, either oil
or gas, or a heater, to a wall, partition, or such like. The lamp is shown as fitted
with a canopy for radiating the waste heat from the burner into a compartment.
As will be seen the projection a' of the chamber a of the gas lamp Fig. 1 is set
into a ring m on the end of a bracket arm m which is provided with a short sleeve m
capable of sliding on the square rod n which latter is secured to the wall or
partition o, at its lower end, by means of a supporting ball socket n' made at the
end of a bracket a (see also side view Fig. 6B) into which the ball n on the rod a
fits and works, and, at its upper end, by means of a collar a at the end of the
bracket n (see also plan view Fig. 6A). The collar n³ and the sleeve m² have each
an internal sleeve m (Fig. 64), which, whilst being round on its outside so as to fit
and turn within the collar or the sleeve as the case may be, is made with a square
hole through it so as to be capable of sliding, without turning, on the square rod n.
Pinching screws m³, no, are respectively provided for clamping the internal sleeves
to the bracket sleeve m² and the collar n³.
Instead of the bracket collar and internal sleeve arrangement, the upper end

page_text: of the rod n can be rounded and made to fit and work in the collar n³ which woul
be made with a round hole for its reception.
Below the sleeve m a stop collar p'is fitted which is capable of sliding on the
square rod a nnd of being clamped in any desired position thereon by the screw p.
The campy consists of au inner long bell radiator y disposed immediately above
the globe e of the lamp, so as to receive all the heated products therefrom, and of
an outer concentric hot air conduct r r. s are springs for holding the radiator in
position. The radiator is supported at top by nieans of a cross bar q' to which it
is secured by a screw and nut as shown. q2 are outlets from the radiator to the
conductor r. The upper end of the conductor is made with a ring r perforated
with holes. The whole canopy is surmounted by a cap or cover t. If it is
desired to heat a pot, at any time, the cover is removed and the pot set on top
of the ring r. The whole canopy, which is preferably made of copper, is held
in place by means of two arms u, u', secured to a sliding sleeve v on the rod n.
The sleeve can be clamped at any desired height on the rod by means of the
pinching screws v¹.
The glass globe e of the lamp instead of being of the ordinary shape can be
made of cylindrical shape, as shown, and it can fit into or against the lower
flared end of the radiator y. When this style of globe is used the lower end of
the radiator would be perforated and a perforated ring w' fitted inside so as to be
capable of being turned by means of a short arm w passed through a slot in the
radiator. By turning the ring to left or right the orifices in it and in the lower end
of the radiator would either coincide or be partially or wholly covered so that,
in this manner, the draught can easily be regulated.
With this arrangement by merely slackening the screw n the whole apparatus
can be swung round to either left or right turning on the socket support n'.
Again, by slackening the screw, the bracket m and the lamp can be swung
round to either right or left turning on the sliding collar m. When the screws v¹
are slackened the canopy can, as desired, be slid up or down on the rol n, whilst,
by merely slackening the screw p', the lamp can be lowered.
Fig. 7 shows an arrangement of the lamp suitable for setting on a table or other
flat surface. In this case the lamp and canopy are supported by means of a bent
frame of square section upon which slide the sleeves ',, of the double armed
supports a, a, a of the lamp and canopy. The sleeves a, a, can be clamped by
screws 7, 8. y are spiral springs which tend to force up the canopy so that
whenever the screws are slackened the canopy will automatically slide upwards.
The arrangement of sliding sleeves enables the relative positions of the canopy and
the lamp to be easily adjusted. The frame is fitted in a ring z or other suitable
support at its lower end." If desired the device can be suspended by the ring '.
The double bracket &, Fig. 7, can be supported only at one side, as indicatel in
dotted lines, to enable the lamp to be swung to one side if necessary. In this case
the sleeve is inade in the form of an open jaw, so as to merely grasp the frame.
The supporting frames Figs. 6 and 7 are suitable for either gas or oil lamps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. The combination, in a gas lamp or heater, of a hollow air chamber a,
concentric tubes as a with perforations a' at top, gallery c, and perforated conic
ring d fitted on the outside of the tube a', substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown on the drawings annexed.
2. A mixing chamber for fitting on to gas burners made with an outer
cylindrical wall and an inner inverted conic-wall with perforated top, substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings annexed.
3. The combination with a gas burner of "Argand" or other like type, of a
mixing chamber h made with an outer cylindrical wall and an inner inverted

page_text: conic-wall, and a ring for supporting cooking or other vessels substantially as
herein before described and shown on the drawings annexed.
4. In combination, the pedestal g with its burner g³ g³ and the mixing chamber h
with its ring substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at Fig. 5 of the
drawings annexed.
5. The arrangement for adjustably fixing a lamp or heater to a wall, partition,
or such like, consisting of a rod n fitted in a socket n' at its lower end and a
collar n at its upper end and provided with one or more adjustable brackets or
arms for supporting the lamp or heater, substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown at Figs. 6, 64 and 6 of the drawings annexed.
6. In combination, the lamp, the radiating canopy, the adjustable supporting
arms m, u, u', for the lamp and the canopy, and the rod n carried in bearings n' n³,
all substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at Figs. 6, 64, and 6 of the
drawings annexed.
7. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the lamp with its canopy
and supporting bracket substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at
Figs. 6, 64, and 6B of the drawings annexed.
8. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the lamp with its canopy
and frame substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at Fig. 7 of the
drawings annexed.
Dated this 25th day of February 1896.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.