IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOD- BORING INSTRUMENTS, AND IN AUGER BITS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOD-
BORING INSTRUMENTS, AND IN AUGER BITS."-A communication from
abroad by William Arthur Ives, of the City and County of New
Haven, United States of America.
Scaled the 30th November 1869, and dated the 4th June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 4th June 1869.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lanc, London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF WOOD-BORING INSTRUMENTS, AND IN AUGER BITS," a communication to me
from abroad by William Arthur Ives, of the City and County of New
Haven, United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to improvements in machinery for manu-
facturing wood-boring instruments; and, secondly, to improvements in
auger bits.

page_text: In the manufacture of augers and similar boring instruments the lips
have heretofore been turned and formed by hand forging with hammers
made for the purpose, thus requiring the best of skilled labor.
By the term "auger" I wish to be understood as embracing boring
instruments generally.
This Invention consists in the arrangement of a revolving mandril
combined with suitable holding dies which mechanically spin or draw
the lips of the auger into the required shape.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a top view of the machine;
Fig. 2, a side view; Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, views of detached parts;
Figs. 8 and 9, side views of augers; Fig. 10, a side view of an auger bit;
Fig. 11, the cutting end thereof; and Fig. 12, a side view of Fig. 10
turned one-fourth around.
A is the bed of the machine supported upon legs B; C, a shaft sup-
ported and so as to revolve freely in bearings D, and by preference is
driven by the application of power to a loose pulley E connected with
the shaft by a clutch e. F is a mandril supported so as to revolve in
bearings F by the application of power thereto through a pulley F".
The axis of the said mandril F is at right angles to the axis of the
shaft C as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The said mandril is represented in
section in Fig. 5 and is made hollow so that a spindle G passes through
its centre, so as to be struck by a cam a on the shaft C, the spindle
moving longitudinally through the mandril. The mandril also has a
longitudinal movement in its bearings and is forced back.by the spring,
Been in Figs. 1 and 2, the head of the mandril being formed so that a
cam 6 upon the shaft C will at the proper time strike and force the
mandril forward. In the outer end of the spindle G a die c is formed
of the same diameter as the auger to be operated upon, and in form
corresponding to the shape of the lip and point of the auger when
finished. Over the die c and in the end of the mandril is fixed a sizing
die d, the die c working freely through the die d, so that the die c
passes over so as to size the end of the auger. I are the holding dies
represented in Fig. 1 open, the dies shown detached and enlarged in
Figs. 3 and 4. The end of the die I is formed so as to lie in the twist of
the auger at the extreme end and is of the shape required to form the
lips, as seen at i, Figs. 3 and 4. The dies are clamped together when
the auger blank is placed between them so as to grasp and hold the.
auger firmly and in position centrally before the mandril F, and when.

page_text: fixed in this position the shaft and mandril revolving the cam a on the
shaft C first forces forward the spindle G (which is rapidly revolving
with the mandril) against the blank (which has been previously heated),
and by the revolving motion of the die c the end of the auger is spun
or turned down on to the holding die i forming the point and lip or lips
of the auger. Then to turn up the lip and size the end of the auger
the cam 6 strikes and forces forward the revolving mandril F, so that
the die d passes on over the end of the auger turning the lip up and
bringing the end of the auger to the required size; then the auger is
removed from the machine, a second placed therein, and operated as
before. For different sized augers it will be understood that different
dies are introduced into the same machine. As thus far described the
machine is adapted especially for the augers, seen in Fig. 8, without
spurs, the curve of the lip avoiding the use of the spur, but if for spur
augers, as seen in Fig. 9, the die c should be formed as seen in Fig. 7,
so as to spin the lip, leaving a recess at the edge of the die c for the
formation of the spur, then after the end is formed, as before, substituting
the requisite die, as seen in Fig. 7, the sizing or finishing die passing on
in like manner as before.
The second part of the Invention consists in constructing one of the
twists so as to terminate in a floor lip and the other in a spur cutter,
the screw being in the cutter between.
A represents a portion of an auger bit formed in the usual manner.
One of the twists terminates in a floor lip a, the other in a spur cutter d,
that twist being brought down so that the spur cutter will stand per-
pendicular or nearly so, as in Fig. 12, and the cutter is formed by taking
out or forming a recess 6 between the edge of the twist and the
centre, as seen in Fig. 10, and centrally between the two a common
screw point is formed.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
35 Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight. hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special
licence that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOD-BORING INSTRUMENTS, AND IN
AUGER BITS," a communication to me from abroad by William Arthur Ives,
of the City and County of New Haven, United States of America, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is
to say):
.
=
This Invention relates, first, to improvements in machinery for manu-
facturing wood-boring instruments; and, secondly, to improvements in
auger bits.
In the manufacture of augers and similar boring instruments the lips
have heretofore been turned and formed by hand forging with hammers
made for the purpose and requiring the best of skilled labour.
(By the term "auger" I wish to be understood as embracing generally
boring instruments).
By this Invention the skilled labour is to a great extent dispensed
with, the process simplified, and the expense consequently reduced, and
the Invention consists in the arrangement of a revolving mandril com-

page_text: bined with suitable holding dies, which mechanically spin or draw the
lips of the auger into the required shape.
To enable others skilled in the art to construct and use this Invention
I will fully describe the same as illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a top view of the machine; Fig. 2, a side
view; Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, views of detached parts; Figs. 8 and 9,
side views of augers; Fig. 10, a side view of an auger bit; Fig. 11, the
cutting end thereof; and Fig. 12, a side view turned one-fourth around
from Fig. 10.
A is the bed of the machine supported upon legs B; C, a shaft sup-
ported so as to revolve freely in bearings D, and by preference driven by
the application of power to a loose pulley E connected with the shaft.
by a clutch e. F is a mandril supported so as to revolve freely in
bearings F by the application of power thereto through a pulley F".
The axis of the said mandril F is at right angles to the axis of the
shaft C as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The said mandril is represented in
section enlarged in Fig. 5 and is made hollow so that a spindle G passes.
through its centre so as to be struck by a cam a on the shaft C, the-
spindle being arranged so as to move longitudinally through the mandril.
The mandril also has a longitudinal movement in its bearings forced
back by means of a spring, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the head of the
mandril being formed so that a cam 6 upon the shaft C will at the
proper time strike and force the mandril forward. In the outer end of
the spindle G a die c is formed of the same diameter as the auger to be
operated upon, and in form corresponding to the shape of the lip and
point of the auger when finished. Over the die c and in the end of the
mandril is fixed a sizing die d, the die c working freely through the die d
so that the die c passes over so as to size the end of the auger. I, are
the holding dies represented in Fig. 1 open, the dies shewn detached and
enlarged, in Figs. 3 and 4; Fig. 3 being a central view, and Fig. 4 an
end view. The end of the die I is formed so as to lie in the twist of the
auger at the extreme end and is of the shape required to form the lips,
as seen at i, Figs. 3 and 4. The dies are clamped together when the
auger blank is placed between them so as to grasp and hold the auger
firmly and in position centrally before the mandril F, and when fixed in
this position the shaft and mandril revolving the cam a on the shaft C
first forces forward the spindle G (which is rapidly revolving with the
mandril) against the blank (which has been previously heated), and by.

page_text: the revolving motion of the die c the end of the auger is spun or turned
down on to the holding die i forming the point and lip or lips of the
auger. Then to turn up the lip and size the end of the auger the cam 6
strikes and forces forward the revolving mandril F so that the die d
passes on over the end of the auger turning the lip up and bringing the
end of the auger to the required size; then the auger is removed from
the machine, a second placed therein, and operated on as before.
For different sized augers it will be understood that different dies are
introduced into the same machine. As thus far described the machine
is adapted especially for the augers seen in Fig. 8 without spurs, the
curve of the lip avoiding the use of the spur, but if for spur augers, as
seen in Fig. 9, the die c should be formed, as seen in Fig. 7, so as to
spin the lip, leaving a recess at the edge of the die c for the formation of
the spur, then after the end is formed, as before, substituting the requisite
die as seen in Fig. 7, the sizing or finishing die passing on in like
manner as before. It will therefore be readily seen by those skilled in
the art that a change of dies for different kinds of augers may be made
so that any form required may be given to the cutting end of the
instrument. This completes the first part of the Invention.
The second part relates to improvements in double twist auger bits,
the object being to combine in one instrument both a centre and auger
bit, and consists in constructing one of the twists so as to terminate in a
floor lip and the other in a spur cutter, the screw being in the cutter
between.
A represents a portion of an auger bit formed in the usual manner,
one of the twists terminates in a floor lip a, the other in a spur cutter d,
that twist being brought down so that the spur cutter will stand per-
pendicular, or nearly so, as seen in Fig. 12, and the cutter is formed by
taking out or forming a recess 6 between the edge of the twist and the
centre, as seen in Fig. 10. Central between the two a common screw
point is formed.
The advantages of this construction are, first, that the floor lip which
is but a termination of the twist upon which it is formed, may be easily
filed or cut away to sharpen the cutter; secondly, the labor in its
construction is less than either for a centre or auger bit, and all the
advantages of both are combined in one.
Having fully described the Invention what I claim as new and useful
and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-

page_text: First. In the process of forming the cutting end of boring instruments
the arrangement of two dies, the one within the other, the inner or
central die operating to form the point and floor lip or lips, the outer
passing over the other or inner die to turn up and size the lip or lips,
substantially as specified.
Second. In combination with the dies c and d I claim the holding
dies i, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Third. In combination with the mandril F, and spindle G, and carrying
dies c and d I claim the cams a and b so as to operate the said dies, as
and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. The holding dies i constructed so as to grasp the twist of the
auger and serve as a form over which to turn the lips, substantially
as set forth.
Fifth. In double twist auger bits forming a floor lip a upon one twist,
and the other twist terminating in the spur cutter d and so as to form
a recess between the said spur and the centre screw, substantially as
specified.
Sixth. The dies i constructed so as to form the inner or upper side of
the lip and combined with a follower or die, the said follower or die
constructed so as to force the metal on to the dies i, and also to form
the under or outside of the lip and centre or point.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1869.