The Manufacture and Production of Caramelized Materials, especially intended for Use in the Manufacture or Treatment of Beers, Spirits, Vinegar, Aërated Water, and other Liquids or Beverages.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture and Production
of
Caramelized Materials,
especially intended for Use in the Manufacture or Treatment
of Beers, Spirits, Vinegar, Aërated Water, and other Liquids
or Beverages.
I THEODORE DAVID LICHTENSTEIN, of The Victoria and Royal Albert Docks
Chemical Works, Silvertown, in the County of London, Chemist, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to provide caramelized new materials more
especially intended to be used in the manufacture, or preparation, of beers, spirits,
vinegar, and aërated waters or other liquids or beverages. According to this
invention sugar, glucose, molasses, or other saccharine matter or dextrine is boiled
in an open, or closed vessel and steam, or air, is, or both steam and air are, forced
thereinto.
In treating matters which are not in a sufficiently liquid condition such as dry
sugar, or dextrine, for example it is advisable to add a small quantity of water
thereto before boiling. The heating may be effected by any suitable means, for
example, by a fire, or by steam admitted into a jacket, or coil, or by both
together. Whilst the matter is boiling, steam, or hot or cold air, or a mixture of
air and steam is forced thereinto. This may be effected by any suitable means,
such for instance, as a mechanical blower, or a steam blower. The heating should
be carried to near the carbonizing point, but not to such a point as to produce
charcoal. When the heating is completed to the aforesaid point the heating and
the forcing in of steam, or air, or of steam and air is discontinued and the matter is
cooled, or allowed to cool, the result being a liquid, or a solid, mass, dependant
upon the amount of water present. If a solid mass be produced it is then ground
to a fine powder, which may, if desired, be compressed into tablets of definite
quantity, or it may be dissolved in water, if it be required in the liquid form.
The heating as described and the blowing in of steam or air, or of steam and
air, may be simultaneous, or alternate, so that one can be used to govern, or
assist, the other, and there may be added with the steam, or air, or steam and
air, any matters such as alkalis, alkaline salts, or alkaline earths, which will
facilitate, or control, the reaction.
Oxygen gas may if desired, be used in place of air. If steam and air, or
oxygen, be both used they may be introduced together, or alternately, as may
be most convenient. The volatile products driven off may be passed into a
condenser and condensed for separate use. The process may be carried out by
means of any suitable apparatus. For example I may employ for the purpose
a copper pan heated externally by fire, into which pan dips a pipe through
which the steam or air, or both, can be admitted to the lower part of the material
under treatment.
When steam is injected a pressure of from 60 to 120 lbs. per square inch may
be employed with good results.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The manufacture of a material especially intended for use in the manufacture,

page_text: or treatment, of beers, spirits vinegar, aërated waters, and other liquids, or
beverages, the said manufacture consisting in boiling sugar, glucose, molasses, or
other saccharine matter or dextrine and forcing thereinto steam, or air, (or oxygen)
or both steam and air (or oxygen) substantially as herein before described.
2. As a new article of manufacture a material such as can be produced by the
process herein before described and claimed.
Dated this 6th day of June 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.