Improv ACHING TE D or other Substances.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 10th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1887
Improv ACHING
TE D
or other Substances.
THOMAS ALLEN 8 Upper Crown Street Reading Berks Mechanical Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An Improved machine to form irregularly shaped articles that are round in
transverse section by compressing and causing to rotate metal or other substances
between eccentric concave and convex surfaces rotating in opposite directions about
the same axis. The article to be shaped is fed in at the point where the surfaces are
furthest apart and is rolled down by them as they approach each other.

page_text: Improved Machine for Forging or Shaping Articles of Metal
or other Substances.
1, THOMAS ALLEN of 8 Upper Crown Street, Reading, Berks, Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has for its object an improved machine for forging or shaping
articles of metal or other substances.
The improved machine is adapted to form irregularly shaped articles that are round
in transverse section by compressing and causing the material to rotate between
eccentric concave and convex surfaces rotating in opposite directions about the same
axis. The material to be shaped is fed in at the point where the surfaces are
furthest apart and as by their rotation about the axis the surfaces approach they
nip the material and roll it down between them.
In order that my said invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a horizontal and longitudinal section of a machine constructed according
to my invention.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the concave and convex rolling surfaces and other
parts.
The machine consists of a suitable bed plate a mounted on standards of required
height, with two central or main bearings bb carrying a hollow spindle c through
which is passed a solid spindle d. To obtain the opposite rotary motions I have a
bevel wheel e fitted to the hollow spindle, and an equal one to the solid spindle with
a corresponding bevel pinion g rotating between the two. The whole is driven with
suitable gearing as the drawing indicates and this will be varied according to the
- power required.
In front of the machine upon the spindle I fix a hollow bell shape chuck and a
flanged wheel. The hollow chuck his keyed to the hollow spindle cand the wheel i
to the solid spindle d which passes through the hollow spindle from front to back of
machine and is steadied by a suitable bearing. It will be readily seen that by the
rotation of the bevel pinion the hollow chuck will be driven one way and the disc
the other.
Into the hollow chuck I fit quadrants or segments jj; they are adjustable and are
set up together by set screws through the outer rim of the chuck. The quadrants or
segments with the aid of the clip pieces kk hold the steels or dies 27 which may be
made in any number of pieces.

page_text: The steels or dies are securely locked in their places by bolts passing through
the clip pieces k and the quadrant blocks into the face of the chuck h.
The wheel i is provided with a gripping flange and a dove-tailed ring m which is
fixed to the wheel by bolts. These parts serve to securely hold the corresponding
steels or dies n n.
By the above description it will be seen that I can make my dies in any number of
pieces, and of any required length. They occupy say half more or less of the
circumference of the wheel and of the chuck.
To form the dies to any required shape the steels are secured as described. I then
turn or mill in them the half shape of the article to be produced.
The dies throughout will then be of a sectional form such as is indicated at / or n
in Figure 1. This figure shows the parts of the dies which are last in contact with
the article or what I call the finishing parts.
The finishing parts of the dies extend preferably along the faces of the dies for a
distance somewhat exceeding the length of the circumference of the article to be
produced. It is only these finishing parts of the dies which I leave with the full
form upon the face.
In passing along the dies from the finishing parts to the parts which first come into
contact with the material to be forged or shaped at what I call the entrance ends
or by zero points of the dies I taper away the projections upon the faces of the
dies until at the entrance the pattern has entirely disappeared and here there is
clearance between the dies and a when they are in place in the machine sufficient
to permit the material to pass in freely between them.
When the dies are complete their form is such that the pattern first appears on the
face near the entrance end and at or about the middle of the face; it is here that the
dies first take hold of the metal or material placed between them; then passing away
from the entrance the pattern gradually extends and rises upon the face of the dies
until the full form is attained on arriving at the finishing parts.
The machine is so geared that the zero points of the dies start together, gripping,
rotating and compressing the metal or blanks to their desired form. Usually I feed
metal into the machine in the form of rod either hot or cold according to the nature
of the metal. I provide a rest or guide at o to aid in passing the metal into the
machine and a receptacle for the finished articles as they fall out.
To make the machine more rigid I place two adjustable rollers pp one on each side
of the hollow chuck h directly in line with the gripping or straining point.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A forging or shaping machine substantially as described in which the article
is rolled to the required form between eccentric concave and convex surfaces
rotating in opposite directions about the same axis as herein set forth.
2. My improved machine for forging or shaping articles of metal or other
substances substantially as described and illustrated by the annexed drawings.
Dated this 8th day of October 1887
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.