Improvements in Type-writers.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-writers.
I EDUARD VON HÜLSEN, Referendary of the Royal Prussian Chamber
(Kammergericht) of 7 Schillerstrasse, Charlottenburg in the German Empire
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to typewriting machines, and the prime object is to
provide means whereby upon depression of a plurality of keys simultaneously, the
corresponding type will be successively struck, thus enabling syllables and short
words to be written at a single stroke by the operator, which obviously permits.
increased speed.
For this purpose upon depression of keys all types or a group of them pass one
after another by a place where they are enabled to be printed. Along the path of
those types or along parts swinging together with the types are means arranged of
which each may be operated upon depression of a key connected with the mean.
If a key is struck, the types execute together the mentioned swinging, but by
this the mentioned swinging part on its way co-operates with the said mean
operated by the key gliding by the mean and that in the moment in which the
type, corresponding to the operated key is arrived to the position to print. By
this co-operation the type-bearing is pressed toward the paper-bearing or the
paper-bearing toward the type-bearing, that the type is printed and the paper is
advanced the breadth of one letter, so that another imprint can be taken. After
this the type-bearing continues its way, so that, if several keys are struck
simultaneously, all corresponding letters during one swinging of the common
type-hearing are printed one after another.
The drawings which accompany and form part of this specification illustrate
embodiments of the invention.
I have here shown the invention embodied in a machine of the type-wheel
variety, and the type will be arranged in two lines on the periphery of the wheel
in such order as to have those consonants which occur must frequently at the
beginning of words or syllables, precede the vowels, and then follows a repetition of
consonants which occur most frequently at the end of words, and the letter "e."
This can best be demonstrated by giving the lines of type, thus:
bdk sm fgpnct wh1rqv x y z eo a iuflnstre,
BDKSMF&PNCTWHLRQVXYZEOAIU2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 j?!
It is to be understood that the lines of type as above given are to be placed on
the periphery of the type-wheel so that when the latter stands in its normal
position, the first letters of the lines, viz., "b" and "B" will be positioned in juxta-
relation to the impression bed, and the type-wheel turns in a direction to bring the
other type in the lines successively to such position. Hence in a complete revolution
of the type-wheel, many combinations of type to make up words, syllables and
diphthongs can be obtained by reason of the arrangement of the type above
explained.
The arrangement of the key-board is such that the left hand of the operator can
most conveniently be employed to strike the consonants and combination of
consonants occurring most frequently at the commencement of words, the thumb
of the right hand to start the vowels, and the fingers of the right hand to strike
the consonants and combination of consonants occurring most frequently at the ends.

page_text: of words. The keys are so arranged as to permit the striking of the combination of
letters which most frequently occur, with the least possible changing of the positions
of the hands and fingers from what may be termed the normal position. This
normal position, as the keys are arranged in Fig. II., is as follows: The little finger
of the left hand over "s," the index finger over "t," the thumb over "w," and the
other two fingers over "g" and "h"; the thumb of the fight haud over "a"
or "n," the index finger over "n," the little finger over "1" and the two other
fingers over "r" and "t." The general working of the machine consists in this,
that upon depression of one or several of the keys, motion is imparted to the type-
wheel to carry it through one complete rotation, but whenever a type corresponding
with a depressed key comes to position to print, the rotation of the wheel is
checked and it is caused to move against the impression-bed to print and then back
again to normal position while the paper is fed and the wheel released for further
rotary movement....Thus any word or syllable where letters occur successively in
the type line can be printed by one stroke of the hand, the fingers being placed on
the proper keys.
Passing on now to a detailed description of the form of mechanism shown in
Figs. IX, inclusive, the numeral 26 designates a slide or carriage mounted ou
rollers 25 in bearings on a suitable base, said slide carrying a cylinder 19, around
which the paper is to lie, and which constitutes an impression-bed for the paper.
The said carriage also carries a rack 27, which will be referred to hereafter. The
numeral 1 designates the type-wheel, which is arranged over the cylinder 19, with
its axis at right angles thereto, and is designed to move toward and from the said
cylinder, being for this purpose mounted on a swinging journal 11, so as to rotate
therewith, but capable of longitudinal movement thereon to bring the line of
capital type to printing plane. (The means for shifting the type-wheel on its
journal are not here shown, as they form no part of the present invention.)
Movement of the swinging journal with the type-wheel toward the cylinder is
effected through connections with a spring-motor of the following-described form
and construction, reference being had more particularly to Figs. I. and III.:
A shaft 30 is journalled in a suitable frame-work adjacent to the paper-carriage
and partially overhanging the same and a toothed wheel 28 loosely mounted on said
shaft engages the rack 27, so that upon the reverse traverse of the carriage said
wheel will be rotated thereby. This wheel carries a pawl 29, which engages a
ratched-wheel 30 fast on the shaft 30%, to which is also affixed one end of a helical
spring enclosed within a box 31, the outer end of the spring being fastened to the
box. A gear-wheel 32 is fastened to the said box, and meshes with a pinion 33 on
a shaft which also carries an escapement-wheel 33ª, and a cam-wheel 39 in the
form of a ratchet-wheel. It will now be seen that upon the paper-carriage being
run back for the commencement of a line of printing, the spring motor above
described will be wound up, the rack 27, turning the gear 28, and that in turn
rotating the spring-shaft 30 through the medium of the pawl 29 and ratchet-
wheel 30. The latter is prevented from turning backwards by a pawl 38 pivoted
to a suitable part of the frame-work.
The spring-motor is normally restrained by the engagement of the escapement-
lever or pallet 34, with the teeth of the escapement-wheel 33, said lever having an
upstanding arm 35, which is held by engagement with an angle-lever 36, 37,
herein-after referred to in connection with the key-controlled detent mechanism to
regulate the operation of the motor.
Returning now to the means for imparting printing movements to the type-wheel,
the periphery of the cam-wheel, 39, engages the lower end of a vertically sliding
rod or bar 41, confined by a suitable guide 40 and jointed at its upper end to an
arm 43 formed on or affixed to a long sleeve or rack-shaft 40" fitted to rotate on a
spindle 42 and carrying affixed to it, or formed upon it, another arm 10 which at
its outer end embraces the type-wheel journal 11. Now it will be seen that when
the cam-wheel 39 is turned from the position shown in Fig. 11, the incline of its
tooth acting against the lower end of the 1od or bar 41 elevates the same, and

page_text: thereby through the medium of the arm 43 rocks the sleeve 40ª and depresses the
arm 10 and the type-wheel.
The cam-wheel only turns one tooth at a time, and when the tooth has passed
the rod 41, the parts are restored to their normal positions by suitably arranged
springs, the type-wheel of course leaving the imprint on the paper. It may be
well to describe at this point the means employed to advance the carriage, for they
operate in conjunction with the mechanism just described for operating the type-
wheel. The elongated sleeve or rock-shaft 40° above mentioned has formed with
it, or affixed to it, an arm 45, to the outer end of which is joined a depending
arm 44, whose lower end is formed as a dog or pawl 46, to engage the teeth of a
ratchet-wheel 47 affixed to the toothed-wheel 28. In the normal condition of
parts, or that shown in Fig. III, the arm 44 stands off so as to hold the pawl 46,
clear of the ratchet-wheel 47, and permit the winding of the spring-motor. When,
however, the type-wheel is moved to print in the manner above described, the said
arm 44 lowers, and a spring 50, bearing against its back edge presses it into
engagement with the ratchet-wheel 47, so that upon said arm being drawn up the
ratchet-wheel will be turned and the carriage moved one step. The pawl 46, is
thrown out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel by the coaction of an incline 48
in the arm 44, with an abutment 49, suitably arranged for the purpose.
Passing on now to the means for turning the type-wheel so as to bring any type
desired to printing position, it is first to be stated, with reference more particularly
to Fig. I that the keys are mounted on bars 2, which are confined in guides 2" and
upheld by springs 6, and said bars bear upon hinged frames 3, which are likewise
upheld by springs 5, and are connected by equalizing links 4. There are two sets
of these frames, and they are arranged at an angle to each other; and to the two
innermost frames there is attached a chain 7, having two branches for connections
separately with the frames, and having its upper end fastened to a drum 52 (see
Figs. V and VI). This drum is affixed on a shaft 52, and carries a pawl 53,
which engages a ratchet-wheel 54, loose on said shaft and fixedly associated with a
gear-wheel 55, also loose on the shaft and which meshes with a smaller gear 56,
the arrangement being such that, depression of any one or more of the keys effects
a single revolution of the small gear-wheel 56. The stud or axle of the latter is
connected by a short, stout spiral spring 57, with a shaft 8, mounted on suitable
bearings on the trame of the machine and rotatively connected with the type-wheel
journal 11, through a universal joint 9, so as to permit the swinging of said journal
in the printing movements of the type-wheel.
In order to ensure the turning of the type-wheel through a single revolution and
no more, the shaft 8 is provided with a pin 61, which normally occupies a recess
or notch in one arm 60 of a bell-crank lever, the other arm 59 of which carries a
triangular pivoted abutment piece, 59, against one edge of which a pin 58 on the
shaft 52 strikes when said shalt is rotated. Rotation of the said shaft therefore
disengages the horizontal arm 60 from the piu 61, by tilting the same upward, as
indicated in Fig. VII, but immediately thereafter said horizontal arm returns to its
original position, ready to drop over the pin 61 as soon as it comes around again,
the edge of said arm being bevelled to permit the pin to pass under it. The
spring 57, permits the independent preliminary turning of the shaft 52ª.
A spiral spring 62 connected at one end with an arm on the drum 52, and at the
other end with a fixed part of the frame of the machine, exerts itself to hold the
pulley in the normal position shown in Figs. V and VI, and so, as soon as the key
is released, this spring turns the drum back to its original position, the pawl 53,
sliding over the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 54, and the projection 58 tripping the
triangular piece 63 by engagement with its inclined edge, and passing by it to take
up its original position.
The following described mechanism is employed to establish the printing positions
of the cylinder according to the key struck, by checking and holding the cylinder
at proper points. The keys-bars all converge toward a central line extending from
front to rear, as exhibited in Fig. II, and terminate below a series of hinged

page_text: plates or flat arms 15 placed together side-by-side, and individually upheld by
rods 13 attached at their lower ends to the key-bars and guided at their-upper
ends in holes in a bar 12 which also constitutes a stop to limit the downward move-
ment of the plates or arms 15. Each of the latter has fastened to its free end
a flat spring 16 (see Fig. 9) carrying at its lower end a small block 17, with
a bevelled front and rear face or edge. A guard plate 20, extends across in front
of the series of plates 15, and when the latter are raised, as shown in Fig. IXA,
the engagement of the lower ends of frost inclined faces of the block 17 puts the
flat springs 16 under tension. The shaft 8, carries a number of projecting pins 18,
corresponding with the plates 15 and blocks 17, and variously located around the
shaft to correspond with the location of the type on the type-wheel. When any
key is depressed, the lowering of the corresponding rod 13, allows the plate 15
upheld thereby to drop to the position shown in Fig. IX, carrying the block 17
below the guard 20, and allowing the spring 16 to throw it out into the path of
one of the projecting pins 18, so that the latter in rotating will press back the
block by engagement with the front bevelled face thereof. A rectangular frame 22
is pivotally suspended from brackets on the frame of the machine, the pivots
being designed by the numeral 21, and the lower bar of said rectangular frame
extends behind the series of blocks 17, and is bevelled for engagement with the
rear bevelled edges thereof, as clearly shown in Figs. IXA and IXB, so that when
any one of the blocks is pressed back, the frame is also moved as shown in
Fig. IX. Referring now again to Fig. 111, there is fastened to said frame 22,
a bent arm or rod 23, which is coupled with a pawl or dog 51, and the latter is
designed to engage a toothed-wheel 24 fast on the shaft 8, but stands normally
disengaged therefrom. When, however, the frame 22 is pushed back, it acts
through the arm 23, to draw said dog 51 into engagement with said toothed-wheel,
whereby the type-wheel is instantly locked. The type-wheel is thus located in
a position where the type corresponding with the key struck is opposite the paper,
so that upon the type-wheel being moved toward the paper, that type is printed.
I shall presently describe how the spring-motor is released simultaneously with
the locking of the type-wheel, whereupon said type-wheel is moved toward the
paper-bed in the manner heretofore described. As the' type-wheel completes its
printing movement, a tooth of the wheel 33, acting against an arm 52, formed
with the pawl 51, disengages said pawl from the ratchet-wheel 24, so that the
type-wheel may be free to rotate further to bring other type to printing position.
Proceeding now to a description of the detent means heretofore adverted to,
whereby the spring-motor is released, reference is to be had more particularly to
Figs. 111. and VIII. It will be remembered that the escapement lever 34 was
described as having an upstanding arm 35. This arm projects behind a catch at
the outer end of one arm 36 of a bell-crank lever pivoted to swing in a horizontal
plane and having its other arm projecting behind the swinging frame 22 to be
acted upon thereby when the latter is pushed back in the manner hereinbefore
described. Thus, normally, the inner side of the catch of said bell-crank lever
(Fig. VII.) constitutes a shoulder which prevents any movements of the escape-
ment lever, and thus holds the motor in check. But when the frane 22 is displaced,
then the said detent lever is moved so as to free the escapement. A suitably
arranged spring may be employed to restore the detent-lever, and when the
escapement-lever returns, its arm 35 rides over the bevel of the detent-catch and
takes up its position again behind said catch.
The operation of the machine above described may be stated, in a general way,
as follows:
The depression of one or more of the keys is converted into rotative movement
of the type-wheel, and the latter is stopped and locked by the encounter of
a projection on the type-wheel shaft, with devices brought into play by the
particular key struck. The operation of these devices also effects a release of
the motor, so that the type-wheel is immediately moved to print. The return
movement of the type-wheel, after printing, is accompanied by the release of its

page_text: snart, and the feeding onward of the paper the breath of one letter, so that another
imprint can be taken as soon as another projection on the type-wheel shaft sets
the detent mechanism to work.
Instead of the mechanism represented in the Figures V, VI, VII which effects
that the type-wheel makes a whole rotation upon each depression of keys and is
stopped then without returning the same way, in the Figure XV a pound (or a
spring) 67 presses the peg 68 fixed on the type-wheel-shaft against a pin 69 during
the repose of the machine. Upon depression of keys the type-wheel is turned by
the file 7 till 68 pushes against the other side of 69. If the keys are released the
file 67 draws back the type-wheel-shaft in its first position.
Referring next to the other modifications, and first to that illustrated by Fig. X
and Figs XIA, XIB, XI, the arrangement here shown dispenses with the universal
joint between the type-wheel and the shaft, and the journal and shaft of the type-
wheel are all one, and designated 8ª, and this shaft is journalled in a swinging
frame 63. The hinged plates or arms 15 are the sume, but springs 16 are
employed, without any small blocks, but upon one of the said plates dropping, its
spring 16 is carried into the path of the projection 18 on the shaft and is pressed
back against the frame 22, whose connection with the detent mechanism is the same
as before. In this construction the shaft locking mechanism connected with the
said frame 22 is dispensed with, because the downward movement of the shaft is
utilized to carry its toothed wheel 24" into engagement with a fixed pin 51*. The
downward movement of the shaft (which, by the way, is produced through the
same train of mechanism as before) also draws the shaft-projection 18 free of
the spring 16.
In Fig. 12, an arrangement is shown wherein the pivoted plate or arm 15 is
formed at its free end on the under side with a lug 16 having a bevelle under
edge; and the shaft 8 has the projection 18 bevelled correspondingly, so that the
action of these bevels against each other causes the depression of the shaft.
Instead of the hinged frame 22, this depression of the shaft is utilized, through a
lever 37 pivoted at 64, to release the escapement lever whose arm 35 engages
behind a catch 36" at the end of said lever.
The depression of the shaft may be sufficient for print the letter and the
mechanism released by the lifting of the catch 36" may only advance the paper the
breadth of one letter or the mechanism may at the same time depress still more
the shaft for strengthening the printing.
Instead of that the key controlled means which co-operate with the swinging
parts are arranged, as before described, in a right line, it is possible to arrange
them round the surface of a cylinder which may be imagined surrounding the
type-bearing-shaft. In this case it is sufficient to arrange ou the shaft one
projection swinging with the shaft, so that it passes step-by-step by all key
controlled-means and co-operating with those mechanisms effects in like a manner
the printing of the letters coming in position for be printed. Further the key-
controlled-means may be distributed along the whole surface of the cylinder, if
the swinging part is correspondingly large, or the key controlled means may be
distributed along the periphery of one circle (or of a part of a circle). The
Fig. XIV, XVI etc. shall illustrate that.
In the Figs. XIV, XVI-XX the swinging part effects by sliding along the
key-controlled-means, that an electric current is closed which moves or releases
the printing mechanism.
The source of electricity is designated at 65. The ledge at 2ª is connected
with the source by a conducting wire, another wire goes from the source through
the electromagnet 66 to the arm 16° which is fixed on the type-wheel-shaft. From
each key-bar guides a wire to a metallic-plate 18°. Those plates 18°, arranged in
circle are inserted in a plate. 70 of ivory or of another matter non-conducting
electricity. Upon depression of a key the electric contact at 24 is closed and at
the same time by the strain of the fib 7 the type-wheel 1 and the arm 16° is
turned. 16 slides along the plate 70 and all plates 18e. As soon as it touches, a

page_text: plate which is in connection with one of the manipulated keys,-the-electric current
may circulate and energize the electromagnet 66 (Figs. XIV, XVI, XVII).
The energy of the magnet may either move immediately the type-wheel and the
paper-bearing or release by moving the stop-anchor 72 (Figs. XVI and XVII)
a mechanism of the before described matter, which effects the printing and the
advance of the paper-bearing. In the present figures is shown another form of
this mechanism. The lever 71 depresses the part of the shaft which bears the
type-wheel and which is connected with the other part of the shaft by a universal-
joint, when the electromagnet 66 moves the lever 72 (Figs. XVI and XVII) and
releases by this the 35e, fixed on the axle of 71, 71 and 35° are put in swingings
by that and an anchor 34, sitting on the same axle, is moved and removed by the
rotation of the toothed-wheel 33. The manner of rotating this wheel shall be
described afterwards.
Figs. XVIII and XIX represent the specialities of the form of machine before
mentioned, on which the printing of the letters is not effected by the swinging of
the type-wheel, but by a hammer pressing the paper against the type-wheel.
The type-wheel has here no other movement as a rot ition. A perpendicular
bar 73 is lift by the oscillation of the lever 74 and by this the paper which is
guided by the thin cylinders 76, fixed on the carriage 26, is pressed against the
type-wheel.
This oscillation of the lever 74 is produced in a like manner as the oscillation of
the lever 71 (Fig. XVI) when the electromagnet 66 has released the arm 35° and
the toothed-wheel 33°, beginning to rotate, presses by its teeth against the bevels
of the anchor. The manner of driving on the wheel 33 is the same in the forms
represented by Figs. XVI-XVII and Figs. XVIII-XX. If the carriage 26
is moved back, the rack 27" turns the toothed-wheel 28 and hereby a spring is
spanned the one and of which is fastened to the box 31° which is bound with the
wheel 28, the other end of which is fastened to the immovable axle, on which
28 and 31 are loosely placed by the socket 77. This socket bears at the end an
escapement-wheel 30°. A detent 29, fastened at the toothed-wheel 32 engears
in 30. 32 engears in toothed-wheel 78, which is fastened at the axle of 33.
When now the anchor 34 is stopped by the lever 72, and the spring, shut in
the box 31, is spanned, the catch eugears in the wheel 30° and prevents the
spring from unwinding itself. But when 35° is released for a moment by the
working of the electromagnet 66, the tooth-work rotates the breadth of a tooth, in
consequence of which the arm 71 (and 74) oscillates up and down and the paper-
bearing advances the breadth of one letter.
The type-wheel may be stopped during the printing, by that the lever 72
brings a detent-crotch, sitting on the end of a lever, turnable round the journal 81,
in the ratchet-wheel 80 which is fastened to the axle of the type-wheel.
A spring (not represented in the figures) presses again the detent-crotch out of
the ratchet-wheel, if the lever 35 leaving the prominent face of the lever 72,
returns in its repose and permits so to the lever 79 to return in its repose..
On this circular arrangement of the key-controlled means which co-operate
with the swinging part instead of the electric current each other mechanical
transmission may be applied.
The Figs. XXI-XXVIII show any other arrangements of this form. In
the Figs. XXIV and XXV the means 188 co-operating with the swinging part
immediately by the pression of the key-bars, are inserted in the path of the
swinging part 168. In Figs. XXI-XXIII between the keys and the mean 18
a conduct of air or fluid is inserted for transmitting of the pression.
In the construction represented by XXVI and XXVII and in the Figs. XXI-
XXIII further the types are placed only on a part of the type-wheel-periphery.
The figures may be explicated by the following:
By the depression of a push-button a piston 82 (Fig. XXII) is impressed in a
cylinder surrounding the piston and by the compression of the air at the other
end of a conduct-pipe starting from the cylinder, another piston 18 is pressed

page_text: outwards. At the same time the push-button carries along with downwarls a
plate 2 which is perforated for letting pass the pistons. By this the hinged
frames 3 bound by the equalizing link 4' are turned and with them the arm 83:
fastened to the elongated axle of the frame 3' is turned downwards. This arm-
turns by the file 7' the roll 52' fastened to the type-wheel-axle. The swinging
arm 16 on its rotation effected by the said manner pushes with one arm of the-
joint-lever 84, 85. against the key-controlled part 18', by consequence of which the-
lever is turned till it may pass over the key-controlled part 18. This motion is
transmitted by the bar 86 to joint-lever 22', which with its forked end removes the
socket 87 and by this by the medium of the bar 37' the detent-lever 35 and releases
so the printing-mechanism. The stop of the type-wheel during the printing is
effected by the engearing of the crotch 51' in the detent-pins 24. 51' is fastened to
the axle of 84, 85.
The remainder of the construction is comprehensible by the description before
given.
In the Figs. XXIV-XXV the type-wheel (type-wheel-sector) swings only a
fraction of a circle.
The bars 18 (guided by 88) by the depression of the key-bars 28 are immediately
inserted in the path of the swinging arm 16.
As the ends of the bars 18% are arranged in a circle running along the path of
the swinging arm 165, but don't be arranged all in the plane of one circle, the
arm 16 is so enlarged that it touches on its swinging each bar 188 which is inserted
in its path. Therefore it has the form of a bow, and on its end is journalled
another bow, which corresponds in its function to the joint-lever 84, 85.
(Figs. XXI, XXIII). When a key is depressed, one end of the key-bar sinks,
depressing the bar 188, till it is stopped by the butment 12%, the other end going a.
greater way, turns the hinged frame (bow) 35 and by this by the medium of the
bar 48 the bow 168 and the type-wheel-sector (of which only the bars 1, 1 are-
represented). By this the prominent edge 84% of the smaller bow pushes against
the inserted bar 18%, so that the bow is turned and the medium of the bar 86% the
printing mechanism is released in the before described manner. The other
construction can be the same as in the form hereafter described, represented
by XXVI-XXVII.
Here the parts, which in the Figs. XXII-XXIV are immediately moved by
the key-bars, are represented by the pistons 18h, arranged in a fraction of a circle.
The motion of the bows 3, turned by the depression of the key-bars 2 is:
transmitted to the type-wheel-sector by the toothed-wheel-sectors 55, 56, so
that the depression of the key-bars is only small. The toothed-wheel-sector 55 is.
not fastly bound with 3b, but a spring 57h presses one towards another, so that a
too strong stroke is diminished.
The releasing swinging arm 16h at the same time is used for bearing the type--
stripe 1.
The lever 84 pushes, as in Figs. XXIV-XXV with its peg against the
inserted pistons 18h, and in consequence of the movement of the arm effected by
this co-operation, the socket 87 is removed as before described and by this the
joint-lever 72 is turned till the arm 35, fastened to the axle of the anchor 33h.
When 84 is turned, the crotch 51 engears in the detent-pins 24h and stops so the-
type-sector.
The lever-arm 71b presses, instead of the whole type-wheel as in the forms at.
first described, only the type-stripe 1, enclosed in the box 89, against the paper.
The ground of the box is perforated, so that the turned end of the arm 71" may
press outwards the type-stripe kept by springs 90.
The balance-wheel 33 and the anchor 34 are here arranged with perpendicular
shafts, so that the arm 71 horizontaly swings against the type-stripe in consequence
of the swinging of the anchor.
The connection with the spring-box 91 by the toothed-wheel-work is com-
prehensible without description. The paper-carriage runs with one side over rolls,..

page_text: the other is supported by the rock 27%, engearing in the toothed-wheel 28.
91, 91 represent ink-rolls.
In Fig. XIII the electric current is in a like manner, as before described, used
but, as in Fig. I etc., many arms are distributed along the type-wheel-shaft which
slides along lamellas, distributed parallely to the type-wheel-shaft, and by the
contact with a lamella, corresponding to a depressed push-button and an arm
likewise an electric current is closed and by this the letter is printed in the before
described manner.
Dated this 21st day of December 1896
Improvements in Type-writers.
I EDUARD V. HÜLSEN of 7, Schillerstrasse, Charlottenburg, in the German
Empire, Referendary of the Royal Prussian Chamber (Kammergericht) do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
A type-writing machine or a like machine for printing or stamping letters by
depression of keys, for instance a machine for stamping matrices, constructed
according to this invention is mainly designed for provide means whereby upon
depression of a plurality of keys simultaneously, the corresponding types will be
successively struck, thus enabling syllables and short words to be written at a
stroke by the operator, which obviously permits encreased speed.
For this purpose upon depression of keys all types or a group of them pass one
after another once by a place, where they are enabled to be printed. Along the
path of those types or along parts swinging together with the types are means
arranged, of which each may be operated upon depression of a key connected with
the mean. If a key is struck, the types execute together the mentioned once
swinging, but by this the mentioned swinging part on its way co-operates with the
said means, operated by the key, gliding by the mean, and that in the moment, in
which the type, corresponding to the operated key, is arrived to the position to
print. By this co-operation the type-bearing is pressed toward the paper-bearing,
or the paper-bearing toward the type bearing, that the type is printed and the
paper is advanced the breadth of one letter so that another imprint can be taken.
After this the type-bearing continues its way, so that, if several keys are struck
simultaneously all corresponding letters during one swinging of the common type-
bearing are printed one after another.
The drawings filed with my Provisional Specification which accompany and
form part of this specification illustrate embodiments of the invention.
1 have here shown the invention embodied in a machine of the type-wheel
variety, and the type will be arranged in two lines on the periphery of the wheel
in such order as to have those consonants which occur most frequently at the
beginning of words or syllables, precede the vowels, and then follows a repetition
of consonants which occur most frequently at the end of words and the letter "e."
This can best be demonstrated by giving the lines of type, thus:
bd ks mfg pnct whlr q v x y z e o aiuflnstre,.:
BDKS MFG PNCTWHLRQVXYZEOAIU 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 j?!
It is to be understood that the lines of type as above given are to be placed on
the periphery of the type-wheel so that, when the latter stauds in its normal
position, the first letters of the lines, viz. "b" and 'B' will be positioned in

page_text: juxta-relation to the impression-bed and the type-wheel turns in a direction to
bring the other type in the lines successively to such position. Hence in a
complete revolution of the type-wheel, many combinations of types to make up
words, syllables and diphthongs can be obtained by reason of the arrangement
of the type above explained. The arrangement of the key-board is such, that
the left hand of the operator can most conveniently be employed to strike
the consonants and combination of consonants, occuring most frequently at the
commencement of words, the thumb of the right hand to start the vowels, and the
fingers of the right hand to strike the consonants and combination of consonants
occuring most frequently at the ends of words. The keys are so arranged as to
permit the striking of the combination of letters, which most frequently occur, whit
the least possible changing of the positions of the hands and fingers from what may
be termed the normal position. The normal position, as the keys are arranged in
Fig. II is as follows:
"
The little finger of the left hand over "s," the index finger over "t," the thumb
over "w" and the other two fingers over "g" and "h"; the thumb of the right
hand over a or "n," the index finger over "n," the little finger over "1" and
the two other fingers over "r" and "t." The general working of the machine
consists in this, that upon depression of one or several of the keys, motion is
imparted to the type-wheel to carry through one complete rotation, but, whenever
a type corresponding with a depressed key comes to position to print, the rotation
of the wheel is checked and it is caused to move against the impression-bed to
print and then back again to normal position while the paper is fed and the wheel
released for further rotary movement.
Thus any word or syllable where letters occur successively in the type line, cau
be printed by one stroke of the hand, the fingers being placed on the proper keys.
Passing on now to a detailed description of the form of mechanism shown in
Figures I-IX inclusive, the numeral 26 designates a slide or carriage mounted
on rollers 25 in bearings on a suitable base, said slide carrying a cylinder 19,
around which the paper is to lie, and which constitutes an impression-bed for the
paper. The said carriage also carries a rack 27, which will be referred to
hereafter.
The numeral 1 designates the type-wheel, which is arranged over the cylinder 19,
with its axis at right angles thereto, and is designed to move toward and from the
said cylinder, being for this purpose mounted on a swinging journal 11, so as to
rotate therewith, but capable of longitudinal movement thereon to bring the line of
capital type to printing plane. (The means for shifting the type-wheel on its
journal are not here shown, as they form no part of the present invention.)
Movement of the swinging journal with the type-wheel toward the cylinder is
effected through connections with a spring-motor of the following described form
and construction, reference being had more particularly to Figs. I and III:
A shaft 30 is journalled in a suitable frame-work adjacent to the paper-carriage
and partially overhanging the same, and a toothed-wheel 28 loosely mounted on
said shaft, engages the rack 27, so that upon the reverse traverse of the carriage
said wheel will be rotated thereby. This wheel carries a pawl 29, which engages
a ratchet-wheel 30, fast on the shaft 30 to which is also affixed one end of a helical
spring, enclosed within a box 31, the outer end of the spring being fastened to the
box. A gear-wheel 32 is fastened to the said box, and meshes with a pinion 33 on
a shaft, which also carries an escapement-wheel 33", and a cam-wheel 39 in the
form of a ratchet-wheel. It will now be seen, that upon the paper-carriage being
run back for the commencement of a line of printing, the spring-motor above
described will be wound up, the rack 27 turning the gear 28, and that in turn
rotating the spring-shaft 30 through the medium of the pawl 29 and the ratchet-
wheel 30. The latter is prevented from turning backwards by a pawl 38 pivoted
to a suitable part of the framework. The spring-motor is normally restrained by
the engagement of the escapement-lever or pallet 34, with the teeth of the
escapement-wheel 33, said lever having an upstanding arm 35, which is held by

page_text: engagement with an angle-lever 36, 37, hereinafter referred-to-in connection with
the key-controlled detent mechanism to regulate the operation of the motor.
Returning now to the means for imparting printing movements to the type-wheel,
the periphery of the cam-wheel, 39, engages the lower end of a vertically sliding
rod or bar 41, confined by a suitable guide 40 and jointed at its upper end to an
arm 43 formed on or affixed to a long sleeve or rack-shaft fitted to rotate on a
spindle 42 aud carrying affixed to it, or formed upon it, another arın 10, which on
its outer end embraces the type-wheel journal 11. Now it will be seen that when
the cam-wheel 39 is turned from the position shown in Fig. III, the incline of its
tooth acting against the lower end of the rod or bar 41, elevates the same, and
thereby, through the medium of the arm 43, rocks the sleeve 40" and depresses the
arm 10 and the type-wheel. The cam-wheel only turns one tooth at a time, and
when the thooth has passed the rod 41, the parts are restored to their normal
positions by suitably arranged springs, the type-wheel, of course, leaving the
imprint on the paper. It may be well, to describe at this point, the means
employed to advance the carriage, for they operate in conjunction with the
mechanism just described for operating the type-wheel. The elongated sleeve or
rock-shaft above mentioned has formed with it, or affixed to it, an arm 45, to the
outer end, of which is jointed a depending arm 44, whose lower end is formed as a
dog or pawl 46, to engage the teeth of a ratchet-wheel 47 affixed to the toothed-
wheel 28. In the normal condition of parts, or that shown in Fig. III the arm 44
stands off, so as to hold the pawl 46, clear of the ratchet-wheel 47, and permit the
winding of the spring-motor. When, however, the typewheel is moved, to print
in the manner above described, the said arm 44 lowers, and a spring 50 bearing
against its back edge presses it into engagement with the ratchet-wheel 47, so
that upon said arm being drawn up, the ratchet-wheel will be turned, and the
carriage moved one step. The pawl 46, is thrown out of engagement with the
ratchet-wheel by the co-action of an incline 48 in the arm 44, with an abutment 49,
suitably arranged for the purpose.
Passing on now to the means for turning the type-wheel, so as to bring any type
desired to printing position, it is first to be stated, with reference more particularly
to Fig. I, that the keys are mounted on bars 2, which are confined in guides and
upheld by springs 6, and said bars bear upon hinged frames 3, which are likewise
upheld by springs 5, and are connected by equalizing links 4. There are two sets
of these frames, and they are arranged at an angle to each other; and to the two
innermost frames, there is attached a chain 7, having two branches for connections
separately with the frames, and having its upper end fastened to a drum 52 (see
Fig. V and VI). This drum is affixed on a shaft 52, and carries a pawl 53,
which engages a ratchet-wheel 54, loose on said shaft and fixedly associated with
a gear-wheel 55, also loose on the shaft and which meshes with a smaller gear 56,
the arrangement being such, that depression of any one or more of the keys effects
a single revolution of the small gear-wheel 56.
The stud or axle of the latter is connected by a short, stout spiral-spring 57,
with a shaft 8, mounted on suitable bearings on the frame of the machine aud
rotatively connected with the type-wheel journal 11, through a universal joint 9,
so as to permit the swinging of said journal in the printing movement of the type-
wheel. In order to ensure the turning of the type-wheel through a single
revolution and no more, the shaft 8 is provided with a pin 61, which normally
occupies a recess or notch in one arm 60 of a bell-krank-lever, the other arm 59,
of which carries a triangular, pivoted abutment piece, 59, against one edge, of
which a pin 58 on the shaft 52" strikes, when said shaft is rotated.
Rotation of the said shaft therefore disengages the horizontal arm 60 from the
pin 61, by tilting the same upwards, as indicated in Fig. VII, but immediately
thereafter said horizontal arm returns to its original position, ready to drop over
the pin 61, as soon as it comes around again, the edge of said arm being bevelled
to permit the pin to pass under it. The spring 57, permits the independent
preliminary turning of the shaft 52. A spiral spring 62 connected at one end

page_text: with an arm on the drum 52, and at the other end with a fixed part of the frame
of the machine, exerts itself to hold the pulley in the normal position shown in
Figures V and VI, and so, as soon as the key is released, this spring turns the
drum back to its original position, the pawl 53 sliding over the teeth of the
ratchet-wheel 54 and the projection 58 tripping the triangular piece 63 by
engagement with its inclined edge, and passing by it, to take up its original
position.
The following-described mechanism is employed to establish the printing
positions of the cylinder according to the key struck, by checking and holding the
cylinder at proper points. The key bars all converge toward a central line
extending from front to rear, as exhibited in Fig. II, and terminate below a series
of hinged plates or flat arms 15, placed together side by side, and individually
upheld by rods 13, attached at their lower ends to the key-bars and guided at
their upper ends in holes in a bar 12, which also constitutes a stop to limit the
downward-movement of the plates or arms 15. Each of the latter has fastened to
its free end a flat, spring 16, (see Fig. 9.) carrying at its lower end a small block 17,
with a bevelled front and rear face or edge.
A guard plate, 20, extends across in front of the series of plates 15, and when
the latter are raised, as shown in Figure IXA, the engagenient of the lower
ends of front inclined faces of the block 17 puts the flat springs 16 under
tension.
The shaft 8 carries a number of projecting pins 18, corresponding with the
plates 15 and bloks 17, and variously located around the shaft, to correspond with
the location of the type on the type-wheel. When any key is depressed, the
lowering of the corresponding-rod 13, allows the plate 15, upheld thereby to drop
to the position, shown in Fig. IX; carrying the block 17 below the guard 20, and
allowing the spring 16 to throw it out into the path of one of the projecting pins 18,
so that the latter in rotating will press back the block engagement with the
front bevelled face thereof. A rectangular frame 22 is pivotally suspended from
brakets on the frame of the machine, the pivots being designated by the numeral 21,
and the lower bar of said rectangular frame extends behind the series of blocks 17,
and is bevelled for engagement with the rear bevelled edges thereof, as clearly
shown in Figures IXA and IXB so that, when any one of the blocks is pressed
back, the frame is also moved as shown in Fig. IX. Referring now again to
Fig. 111, there is fastened to said frame 22, a bent arm or rod 23, which is coupled
with a pawl or dog 51, and the latter is designed to engage a toothed-wheel 24
fast on the shaft 8, but stands normally disengaged therefrom. When, however,
the frame 22 is pushed back, it acts through the arm 23, to draw said dog 51 into
engagement with said toothed-wheel, whereby the type-wheel is instantly locked.
The type-wheel is thus located in a position, where the type corresponding with
the key struck is opposite the paper, so that upon the type-wheel being moved
toward the paper, that type is printed. I shall presently describe, how the spring-
motor is released simultaneously with the locking of the type-wheel, whereupon
said type-wheel is moved toward the paper-bed in the manner heretofore
described.
As the type-wheel completes its printing-movement, a tooth of the wheel 33ª
acting against an arm 52, formed with the pawl 51, disengages said pawl from the
ratchet-wheel 24, so that the type-wheel may be free to rotate further, to bring
other type to printing position.
Proceeding now to a description of the detent means heretofore adverted to,
whereby the spring-motor is released, reference is to be had more particularly
to Figs. II and VIII. It will be remembered, that the escapement-
lever 34 was described as having an upstanding arm 35. This arm projects
behind a catch at the outer end of one arm 36 of a bell-krank-lever, pivoted
to swing in a horizontal plane and having its other arm projecting behind
the swinging frame 22 to be acted upon thereby, when the latter is pushed
back in the manner herein before described. Thus, normally, the inner side of the

page_text: catch of said bell-crank-lever (Fig. VIII) constitutes a shoulder which prevents-
any movement of the escapement-lever, and thus holds the motor in check. But
when the fram 22 is displaced, then the said detent-lever is moved so as to free the
escapement. A suitably arranged spring may be employed to restore the detent-
lever, and when the escapement-lever returns, its arm 35 rides over the bevel of
the detent-catch and takes up its position again behind said catch.
The operation of the machine above described may be stated, in a general way,
as follows: The depression of one or more of the keys is converted into rotative
movement of the type-wheel, and the latter is stopped and locked by the encounter
on a projection on the type-wheel-shaft, which devices brought into play by the
particular key-struck. The operation of these devices also effects a release of the
motor, so that the type-wheel is immediately moved to print. The return move-
ment of the type-wheel, after printing, is acompanied by the release of its shaft
and the feeding onward of the paper the breadth of one letter, so that another
imprint can be taken, as soon as another projection on the type-wheel-shaft sets
the detent-nechanisin to work. Instead of the mechanism represented in the
Figures V, VI, VII, which effects that the type-wheel makes a whole rotation
upon cach depression of keys and is stopped then without returning the same way,
in the Figure XV a pound (or a spring,) 67 presses the peg 68 fixed on the type-
wheel-shaft against a pin 69 during the repose of the machine. Upon depression
of keys the type-wheel is turned by the file 7 till 68 pushes against the other side,
of 69. If the keys are released, the file 67 draws back the type-wheel shaft in its
first position. Referring next to the other modifications and first to that illustrated
by Figures X and XIA, XI, XI, the arrangement here shown dispenses with
the universal joint between the type wheel and the shaft, and the journal and shaft
of the type wheel are all one, and designated 8ª and this shaft is journalled in a
swinging frame 63. The hinged plates or arms 15 are the same, but springs 16"
are employed, without any small blocks, but upon one of the said plates dropping,
its spring 16 is carried into the path of the projection 18 on the shaft and is
pressed back against the shaft 22, whose connection with the detent-mechanism is
the same, as before. In this construction the shaft-lccking-mechanism connected
with the said fram 22 is dispensed with, because the downward-movement of
the shaft is utilized to carry its toothed-wheel 24" into engagement with a fixed
pin 51.
The downward-movement of the shaft (which, by the way, is produced through
the same mechanism as before) also draws the shaft-projection 18 free of the
spring 16.
In Fig. 12, an arrangement is shown, wherein the pivoted plate or arm 15 is
formed at its free end on the under side with a lug 16 having a bevelled under
edge; and the shaft is has the projection bevelled correspondingly, so that the
action of the bevels against each other causes, the depression of the shaft. Instead
of the hinged frame 22, this depression of the shaft is utilized, through a lever 37
pivoted at 64, to release the escapement lever whose arm 35 engages behind a
catch 36 at the end of said lever.
The depression of the shaft may be sufficient for print the letter and the
mechanism released by the lifting of the catch 36ª may only advance the paper
the breadth of one letter, or the mechanism may at the same time depress still
more the shaft for strengthening the printing. Instead of that the key-controlled-
means, which co-operate with the swinging parts are arranged as before described, in
a right line, it is possible to arrange then round the surface of a cylinder, which
may be imagined surrounding the type-bearing-shaft. In this case, it is sufficient
to arrange on the shaft one projection swinging with the shaft, so that it passes
step by step all key-controlled-means, and co-operating with those mechanisms
effects in a like manner the printing of the letters, coming in position for he
printed. Further, the key-controlled-means may be distributed along the whole
surface of the cylinder, if the swinging part is correspondingly large, or the key-
controlled means may be distributed along the periphery of one circle (or of a part

page_text: of circle). The Figures XIV, XVI and the following shall illustrate that. In
the Figures XIV, XVI-XX the swinging part effects by slyding along the key-
controlled-means, that an electric current is closed which moves or releases the
printing mechanism. The source of electricity is designated at 65. The ledge
at 24 is connected with the source by a conducting wire, another wire goes from
the source through the electromagnet 66 to the arm 16°, which is fixed on the type-
wheel-shaft. From each key-bar guides a wire to a metallic plate 18°. Those
plates 18, arranged in a circle, are inserted in a plate 70 of ivory or another
matter non-conducting electricity. Upon depression of a key, the electric-conduct
at 2d is closed and at the same time by the strain of the file 7, the type-wheel 1 and
the arm 16° is turned. 16 slides along the plate 70 and all plates 18°. As soon as
it touches a plate, which is connection with one of the manipulated keys the
electric current may circulate and energize the electromagnet 66. (Figs. XIV,
XVI, XVII.) The energy of the magnet may either move immediately the type-
wheel and the paper-bearing or release by moving the stop-anchor 72 (Figs. XVI
and XVII.), a mechanism of the before described matter, which effects the printing
and the advance of the paper-bearing. In the present figures is shown another
form of this mechanism: The bar 71 depresses the part of the shaft, which bears
the type-wheel, and which is connected with the other part of the shaft by a
universal joint, when the electromagnet 66 moves the lever 72 (Fig. XVI &
XVII.) and releases by this the 35°, fixed on the axle of 71. 71 and 35° are put
in swingings by that, and an anchor 34°, sitting on the same axle, is moved and
removed by the rotation of the toothed-wheel 33. The manner of rotating this
wheel shall be described afterwards. Fig. XVIII and XIX represent the
specialities of the form of the machine, before mentioned on which the printing of
the letters is not effected by the swinging of the type-wheel, but by a hammer,
pressing the paper against the type-wheel. The type-wheel has here no other
movement as a rotation. A perpendicular bar 73 is left by the oscillation of the
lever 74 and by this the paper, which is guided by the thin cylinders 76, fixed ou
the carriage 26°, is pressed against the type-wheel. This oscillation of the
lever 74 is produced in a like manner, as
the oscillation of the lever 71.
(Fig. XVI.) when the electromagnet 66 has released the arm 35° and the
toothed-wheel 33° beginning to rotate, presses by its teeth against the bevels
of the anchor. The manner of driving on the wheel 33° is the same in the
forms represented in Figs. XVI-XVII and Figs. XVIII-XX: If the
carriage 26 is moved back, the rack 27 turns the toothed-wheel 28 and hereby
a spring is spanned, the one end of wich is fastened to the box 31°, which is
bound with the wheel 28, the other end of which is fastened to the immovable
axle on which 28 and 31° are loosely placed, by the socket 77. This socket bears
at the end an escapement-wheel 30°. A detent 29°, fastened at the toothed-
wheel 32° engears in 30°. 32° engears in the toothed-wheel 78, which is fastened
at the axle of 33. When now the anchor 34 is stopped by the lever 72, and the
spring shut in the box 31° is spanned, the catch engears in the wheel 30° and
prevents the spring from unwinding itself. But when 35° is released for a moment
by the working of the electromagnet 66, the tooth-work rotates the breath of one
tooth, in consequence of which the arm 71 (and 74) oscillates up and down and the
paper-bearing advances the breadth of one letter. The type-wheel may be stopped
during the printing by that the lever 72 brings a detent crotch, sitting on the end
of a bar, turnable round the journal 81 in the ratchet-wheel 80, which is fastened
to the axle of the type-wheel. A spring (not represented in the figures) presses
again the detent-crotch out of the ratchet-wheel, if the lever 35 leaving the
prominent face of the lever 72, returns in its repose and permits so the lever 79
also to return in its repose. On this circular arrangement of the key-controlled-
means which operate with the swinging part instead of the electric-current each
other mechanical-transmission may be applied. The Figures XXI-XXVII
show any other arrangements of this form. In the Figs. XXIV and XXV the

page_text: means 18% co-operating with the swinging part immediately by the pression of the key-
bars are inserted in the path of the swinging-part 168. In Figures XXI-XXIII
between the keys and the mean 18b a conduct of air or a fluid is inserted for trans-
mitting of the pression. In the construction, represented by XXVI and XXVII
and XXI-XXIII further the types are placed only on a part of the type-wheel
periphery. The figs. may be explicated by the following:
By the depression of a push-button a piston 82 (Fig. XXII) is impressed in a
cylinder surrounding the piston and by the compression of the air at the other end
of a conduit-pipe starting from the cylinder another piston 18' pressed outwards.
At the same time the push-button carries along with downwards a plate 2', which
is perforated for letting pass the pistons. By this the hinged frames 3', bound by
the equalizing link 4 are turned and with them the arm 83, fastened to the
elongated axle of the frame 3' is turned downwards. This arm turns by the file 7'
the roll 52, fastened to the type-wheel axle. The swinging arm 16 on its
rotation effected by the said manner, pushes with one arm of the joiut lever 84, 84,
against the key-controlled-part 18', by consequence of which the lever is turned till
it may pass over the key-controlled part 18. This motion is transmitted by the bar 86
to the joint-lever 22', which with its forked end removes the socket 87 and by this
by the medium of the bar 37', the detent-lever 35, and releases so the printing
mechanism. The stop of the type-wheel during the printing is effected by the
engearing of the crotch 51' in the detent-pins 24'. 51' is fastened to the axle
of 84, 85.
The remainder of the construction is comprehensible by the descriptions before
given. In the Figures XXIV-XXV the type-wheel (type-wheel-sector) swings
only a fraction of a circle. The bars 18, (guided by 88) by the depression of
the key bars 2 are immediately inserted in the path of the swinging arm 168.
As the ends of the bars 18 are arranged in a circle, running along the path of
the swinging arm 16 but don't be arranged all in the plane of one circle, the
arm 16% is so enlarged that it touches on its swinging each bar 188; which is inserted.
in its path. Therefore it has the form of a bow and on its end is journalled another
bow, which corresponds in its function to the joint-lever 84, 85 (Figs. XXI, XXIII).
When a key is depressed, one end of the key bar sinks, depressing the bar 18 till
it is stopped by the abutment 128, the other end is going a greater way, turns the
hinged frame (bow) 38 and by this, by the medium of the bar 48 the bow 16% and
the type-wheel-sector (of wich only the bar 1, 1 are represented). By this the
prominent edge 84% of the smaller bow pushes against the inserted bar 188, so that
the bow is turned, and by the medium of the bar 86 the printing-mechanism is
released in the before described manner. The other construction can be the same
as in the form hereafter described, represented by XXVI, XXVII.
Here the parts, which in the Figs. XXII,-XXIV are immediately moved by
the key-bars, are represented by the pistons 18", arranged in a fraction of a circle.
The motion of the bows 3h turned by the depression of the key-bars 2 is transmitted
to the typewheel-sector by the toothed-wheel-sectors 55, 56 so that the depression
of the key-bars is only small. The toothed-wheel-sector 55" is not fastly bounded
with 3, but a spring 57h presses one toward another, so that a too strong stroke is
diminished. The releasing swinging-arm 16" at the same time is used for bearing
the type-stripe 1. The lever 84 pushes, as in Fig. XXIV, XXV with its peg
against the inserted pistons 18"; and in consequence of the movement of the arm
effected by this co-operation the socket 87 is removed as before described and by
this the joint-lever 72h is turned till the arm 35", fastened to the axle of the
anchor 33, is free to be turned. When 84 is turned, the crotch 51 engears in
the detent-pins 29 and stops so the type-sector.
The lever-arm 71", presses, instead of the whole type-wheel as in the forms at
first described, only the type-stripe 1, enclosed in the box 89, against the paper.
The ground of the box is perforated, so that the turned end of the arm 71 may
press outwards the type-stripe, kept by springs 90. The balance-wheel 33 and the
anchor 34 are here arranged with perpendicular shafts, so that the arm 71

page_text: Horizontally swings against the type-stripe in consequence of the swinging of the
anchor.
The connection with the spring-box 31 by the toothed-wheel-work is com-
prehensible without description. The paper-carriage runs with one side of the
rolls, the other side is supported by the rack 27b, engearing in the toothed-wheel 23.
91, 91 represent ink-rolls.
In Figure XIII the electric-current is in a like manner, as before described,
used but, as in Fig. I and the following fig., many arms are distributed along the
type-wheel shaft, which slides along lamellas, distributed parallely to the type-
wheel shaft and by the contact with a lamella, corresponding to a depressed push-
button and an arm likewise, an electric current is closed and by this the letter is
printed in the before described manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1.) The combination, in a type-writing or in a like machine for printing or
stamping letters, of a common type-carrier ordinarily standing still, the types of
which in consequence of each depressing of keys pass one after another only once
by the printing point, with key-controlled means for printing during this one pass
one after another several letters simultaneously operated.
2.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1) the causing of a
movement reproducing the printing of the letters without stopping the once
swinging of the type-carrier by that arms applied ou a cylinder swinging with the
type-carrier slide along the sloping face of abutments inserted by the depressing of
corresponding keys and displace by that the abutments.
3.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1) the causing of a
movement reproducing the printing of the letters without stopping the once
swinging of the type carrier by that a cylinder swinging with the type-carrier is
displaced by the sliding of one of the arms applied on the cylinder along the
sloping face of abutnients inserted by the depressing of the corresponding keys.
4.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1) the causing of a
movement reproducing the printing of the letters without stopping the once
swinging of the type-carrier by that arms applied on a cylinder swinging with the
type-carrier displace laminated abutmens radially inserted in the path of the arms,
while the releasing of the arms is produced by a displacement of the cylinder
caused by the mentioned displacement of the arms.
5.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1 the causing of a
movement reproducing the printing of the letters without stopping the once
swinging of the type-carrier, by that an arm swinging with the type-carrier, which
arm is bound with an electric conduit guiding through a generator and an armed
electromagnet to the keys, slides over the ends of electric conduits guiding to the
singular keys and by this an electric current moving the armature of the electro-
magnet is closed, so often as the arm slides over an end of a conduit, which is
bound by the depressing of the corresponding key with the conduit guiding to
the arm.
6.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1 the causing of a
movement reproducing the printing of the letters without stopping the once
swinging of the type-carrier by that a flexible arm swinging with the type-
carrier is bent back by sliding along abutments inserted by the depressing
of keys.
7.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1 a stopping of the
type-carrier for the time of the printing by that the movement produced by the
sliding of the arm swinging with the type-carrier along the abutment inserted by
depressing of key, causes the temporary catching of a pin in catch-teeth.
8.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1 the releasing of a

page_text: motor producing the printing or the movement of the paper or both-together-by.
that an anchor step by step releases a ratchet-wheel impelled by any power.
9.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1 the impulsion of
the type-carrier by a frame depressed by the keys, formed by pendulum-levers
bound by bars one with another.
10.) On a machine constructed as it is described under No. 1 the once rotation
of the type-wheel and the simultaneous releasing of a stop limiting the once rotation
of the type-wheel by that an elastic medium stores up the impulsing of the keys,
till the same depressing of the keys has released the stopping.
Dated, Charlottenburg, this 12th day of March 1897.
EDUARD v. HÜLSEN.