Use in Combination therewith and for other Purposes.
Year: 1885

page_text: Use in Combination therewith and for other Purposes.
I MICHAEL HOLROYD SMITH, of Halifax, in the County of York, Mechanical
and Consulting. Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of iny said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DIFFERENTIAL GEARING AND IN FRICTION GEAR FOR USE IN
COMBINATION THEREWITH AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES to be as follows:-
"
In the construction of apparatus for purpose aforesaid, according to this my said
invention I employ an axis, or shaft, upon which are keyed two pinions of different
diameters, and each surrounded by an invert wheel held in a shell or casing between
the pinions, and free to revolve on the axis, or shaft. Motion is communicated
from the pinions to the invert wheels by carrier wheels, mounted upon studs,
attached to discs which are free to revolve, upon the extended journals, in which
works the main shaft, or axis, and on the boss of the casing or shell, carrying the
invert wheels is a wheel pulley, or other contrivance for transmitting the power.
The action is as follows:-When the main axis, or shaft revolves the carrier wheels
race round the inner rim of the invert wheels the discs carrying them being free
to revolve, but soon as any brake or restraint is put upon the discs, the movement
of the pinions is communicated to the invert wheel, and by the boss of the latter,
to the wheel pulley, or other contrivance for transmitting motion.
The relation of the pinions upon the axis, or shaft to the invert wheel being
different it follows that by gradually restraining one or other of the said dises a
variable speed is imparted to its invert wheel and consequently to the driving
wheel pulley or other contrivance for transmitting power.
In some cases in lieu of the teeth or gear wheels referred to I employ a frictional
contrivance consisting of a series of metal discs upon the axle and studs, and
annular rings forming the invert wheels so arranged that the outer edges, or faces
interpose, and provided with springs, nuts, levers, or other contrivances whereby
the pressure (or nip) between the interposed portions of the discs, and rings can
be adjusted. Or I employ the known system of grooved frictional gearing, or
expanding cones.

page_text: Use in Combination therewith and for other Purposes.
I MICHAEL HOLROYD SMITH, of Halifax, in the County of York, Mechanical
and Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invenition for
"MPROVEMENTS IN DIFFERENTIAL GEARING AND IN FRICTION GEAR FOR USE IN
COMBINATION THEREWITH AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
"
This invention relates to improvements in differential gearing and is fully
described and illustrated by the specification and drawings annexed, in which :-
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the improved gearing.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on line A, B, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of like apparatus wherein metal discs are used in
lieu of the teeth shewn at Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an outline diagram of Fig. 3 complete.
Fig. 5 is a transposition of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 detail.
At 1 is an axis or shaft (driven from the motor) upon which are keyed the
pinions 2, and 3, of different diameters, and each surrounded by invert wheels 4,
and 5, held in the shell or casing 6, by wedges 7-Motion is communicated from
the pinions 2 and 3, to the invert wheels 4 and 5, by means of carrier wheels 8
and 9, mounted upon studs 10, fixed in the brake discs 11, 12, the latter arc free
to revolve upon the extended bearings 13, 14, in which works the main shaft or
axis 1, and on the bosses 15, 15, of the cases 6, 6, is the pulley or wheel 16 for
transmitting the power.
The action is as follows:- -When the main axis or shaft 1 revolves, the carrier
wheels 8, 9, race round the inner rim of the invert wheels 4, 5, the discs 11 and 12,
being free to revolve, but soon as any brake or restraint, is put upon one of the
dises 11, 12, the movement of its pinion, is communicated to its invert wheel, and
by the boss 15 of the casing 6 to the wheel, pulley, or other contrivance 16, for
transmitting motion. It will be seen, that if a restraining influence, be exerted upon
one or other of the discs 11, or 12, its pinion drives the carrier wheel, gearing with
it, and also the invert wheel, and thereby the pulley 16, so that according to the
speed and power required, so will one or other of the carrier wheels, be brought
into operation, and through it, the invert wheel, and driving pulley 16-The
carrier wheels 8 and 9, are balanced by means of weights 17, 18, on studs 19,-20.
In Fig. 3 the same construction, varied only by the substitution, of the grooved
tapered discs 21, in lieu of the teeth, as in Fig. 1 the bolts 22 and india rubber or
elastic rings 23, 24 being the means, whereby the degree of friction or bite of the
several discs is adjusted, and determined, and it will be seen, that as the pressure
is parallel, to the axles, no undue weight is put upon the axles, and bearings, of
the several discs, as would be the case, if the increase of frictional contact or bite,
was obtained, by pressure upon the axles, as heretofore, and whereby the nip and
pressure, is uniformly distributed, and each and every disc, performs its due share

page_text: of work. A further advantage is, that not any alteration of the centres is
necessary, for taking up the slack. The balance weights are not necessary here,
as there are three carrier disc wheels, 25, as illustrated by the small diagram
Fig. 4.
At Fig. 5 the invert wheels 4 and 5, are keyed fast on the shaft 1, whilst the
pinions 2 and 3, and the transmitting pulley 16, are keyed upon a long collar 27a,
the disc brakes 11 and 12, are also fast upon the long collar 27a-8 and 9 are the
carrier wheels-this arrangement is only a transposition of parts of Fig. 1.
A convenient arrangement, for applying restraining influence, on either of the
brake discs 11, or 12, is shewn at Fig. 6, wherein a lever 26 rod, and strap 27 are
so connected and arranged that when the handle 26 is in the horizontal or normal
position the discs 11 and 12 are both free-If the handle 26 be lowered, it will
tighten the strap on disc 11, and put the higher speed disc in operation, whilst if
handle 26 be raised above horizontal line, the restraint will be removed from
disc 11, and put upon the disc 12, so that the power and speed can be changed at
will, and there is no possibility of the two discs, being simultaneously applied, and
breakage arising.
In the use of the improved differential gearing herein described, and illustrated,
it will be seen, that the main shaft 1, is free to revolve, first, and before, any load or
weight is put upon it, and that the loading or weighting, can be put on gradually,
being entirely under control of the operator.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained, the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination of invert wheels, operated through the carrier wheels and
pinions controlled by, and in combination with, the brake discs, as and for purpose
herein described.
2. The grooved frictional gear, controlled by means of lateral adjustment as
herein described and substantially as illustrated by Fig. 3.
3. Grooved frictional gear such as herein described wherein the co-efficient
friction is regulated by pressure parallel with the axis as described.
Dated thin 10tL
100x