A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-ACTING METALLIC PACKING FOR PARTS OF STEAN, AIR, GAS, WATER, OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES, OR FOR PUMPS OR OTHER MACHINEY OR APPARATUS IN WHICH PACKING IS REQUIRED.
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Schlösser, of the City of Frankfort, in
Germany, but at present residing at No. 14, Finsbury Placo, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "A
NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-ACTING METALLIC PACKING FOR PARTS OF STEAN,
AIR, GAS, WATER, OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES, OR FOR PUMPS OR
OTHER MACHINEY OR APPARATUS IN WHICH PACKING IS REQUIRED.
Sealed the 6th July 1869, and dated the 18th January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Schlösser at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th January 1869.
.I, JULIUS SCHLÖSSER, of the City of Frankfort, in Germany, but at
5. present residing at No. 14, Finsbury Place, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-ACTING METALLIC PACKING FOR PARTS OF STEAK,
AIR, GAS, WATER, OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES, OR POR PUMPS OR OTHER

page_text: "
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS IN WHICH PACKING IS REQUIRED, to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists, firstly, in the use of a packing shell, the
upper part of which forms a cone, whilst the lower part forms a cylinder
whose diameter is less than that of the base of the cone. At that part
where the cylinder joins the cone the latter is formed with a rounded
corner or smaller reverse cone. The packing shell is made of soft metal,
composition, or alloy of the nature of that known as antifriction metal,
and in two similar longitudinal halves whose joints overlap in every
direction. From the base of the upper cone to and around the end of
cylinder is placed a sheet metal ring, which ring may be either of brass,
copper, iron, or any metal which may be found suitable for the purpose.
This ring fits around the second or reverse cone, so that it has a conical
and a cylindrical part. To the cylindrical part of the ring is fitted, at a
short distance from cone, a metal disc, and the annular space thus
formed between the metal disc and the base of cone is cast or run in
with the soft metal, composition, or alloy of which the packing shell is
made, so as to be flush with base of cone, and this filling is turned so as
to fit the gland box. The entire ring thus formed is by preference cut
at one side longitudinally, but somewhat in a slanting direction. A
spiral spring of steel or other elastic metal or material surrounds and
carries the sheet metal ring and the conical packing shell. The stuffing
box or gland (having a suitable lubricator at top, by preference fitted
with an annular of sponge for the lubrication of the rod) is formed with
a conical recess for the reception of large cone of packing shell, and
with an annular projection or shoulder so as to make a tight joint with
the upper face of gland box. The gland is screwed tightly down so as
nearly to fully compress the spring, and a red lead joint may be made if
thought desirable. It will be obvious that any pressure in the cylinder
will assist the spring, and thus improve the packing.
The action of this metallic packing may be thus described :-In the
upward or outward stroke of the piston rod the slight friction between it
and the packing shill, superadded to the pressure of the spring and that
of the steam upon the ring and shell urge the conical end of the packing
shell into the conical recess in the gland. This causes the two halves of
the shell closely to embrace the piston rod, and this is effected without
undue pressure from the nature of the composition metal of which the

page_text: packing shell is composed. In the inward or downward stroke the
friction between the rod and packing shell counteracts to a slight extent
the action of the spring and steam upon the packing. In this manner
any escape of steam, air, gas, or fluid is prevented, whilst the packing
ring makes a tight joint with the inner surface of the gland, and the
mode of fitting gland with its shoulders and its upper face assists in the
same direction. Any wear in the packing shell is compensated for by
the spring from its elasticity causing the cone to press still further
into the recess provided for it. This packing is thus made entirely
self-acting.
The arrangement herein above described, which is more especially
designed for locomotives and high-pressure engines, may be reversed.or
turned end for end, so that the cone of packing shill shall point towards
inside of cylinder, and the Invention may thus if it be preferred applied
to condensing engines and in pumps, and in similar instances.
This Invention consists, secondly, in another arrangement of conical
packing designed mainly for engines of the ordinary construction, that
above described being, as before stated, designed chiefly for locomotive
and high-pressure engines. In this arrangement the tightening of the
packing around the rod is effected by means of a series of annular conical
discs of metal, which are substituted for the packing shell herein-before
described and are made of the same metal or alloy. These rings cone
outwardly above, and are recessed to the same extent inwardly below.
These discs fit each other exactly, and are cut open at ono side in-order
to give them elasticity; or they may be for the same purpose cut into
semicircular halves. They are placed one above another and fit closely
around the rod. Their outer edges are in contact with the inside of gland'
box. The lower diso differs from the others in being triangular in.
section, is cut into two halves, and in some cases rests upon a metal
ring. An elastic ring of india-rubber or other elastic material is placed
above top conical disc between it and the gland cover. This clastic ring
performs the same function as the metal spring described in the first
arrangement, and a metal spring may in some cases be substituted
for it

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Julius Schlösser in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULIUS
SCHLÖSSER, of the City of Frankfort, in Germany, but at present
residing at No. 14, Finsbury Place, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Julius Schlösser, Her special licence
that I, the said Julius Schlösser, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Julius Schlösser, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-
ACTING METALLIC PACKING FOR PARTS OF STEAK, AIB, GAB, WATER, OR OTHE
FLUID PRESSURE ENGINES, OR FOR PUMPS OR OTHER MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
IN WHICH PACKING IS REQUIRED," upon the condition (aunongst others) that
I, the said Julius Schlösser, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent,
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julius Schlosser, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
In order that my Invention be fully understood, I will proceed
it cominintl with the siz Fiennes of the accompanying Sheet

page_text: form of metallic packing more specially adapted for locomotive and high-
pressure engines, and the three last to a second form of the same better
adapted for low-pressure and ordinary engines.
First form of packing.-Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a complete
stuffing box; Figure 2, a similar view in which the parts constituting
the packing are not shown in section; and Figure 8, a plan of one of the
half-shells forming the packing.
My improved packing is contained in an ordinary box a, with its
gland 6 connected in the usual way by the bolts and nuts c, c; it is com-
posed in the first place of an inner metallic shell d divided in two halves
and cast in a particular metallic alloy which I call antifriction; .inter-
nally this piece is cylindrical throughout its entire depth, and bored to
the same diameter as the rod it is intended to fit externally; its upper
part fitting in the gland is conical, whilst its lower part is cylindrical,
except at its junction with the said conical part, which junction is also
conical; the lower cylindrical part of said shell extends below and
beyond the shoulder usually employed to receive a metallic ring, which
ring I suppress in my system. This shell is divided in the direction of
its height into two parts, as shown in Figures 1 and 2; Figure 3
represents in plan one of said halves singly.
Secondly. My packing consists in a metallic ring or tube e in brass or
iron embracing tightly the lower cylindrical part of the shell d; the
upper part of this said ring is formed with a circular cavity, which is
filled with a split ring composed of the antifriction alloy above men->
tioned, and which serves as a tight joint between the box a and the
shell d.
Thirdly. My metallic packing consists in a steel spring compressed
so as to leave only a space of about one millimetre betwoon its coils.
This spring serves to support the metallic ring e and shell d, and it' is
designed to maintain said shell pushed up in the gland. In the upper
part of the said gland 6 I form an oil cup or reservoir h, in which I place
a ring of flax which surrounds the rod and surves to lubricato it. For
this purpose a small supply of oil should always be kept in the cup suffi-
ciently to moisten the flax. The under side of the gland 6 is bored out
to receive the upper conical part of the shell d, and then the space
existing at i is filled in with minium. Under these circumstances, the
spaces between the coils of the spring 9 will be about one millimetre.

page_text: When the pressure of the steam, water, or other fluid acts against the
under part of packing the upper conical part of the shell d is pressed up
in the gland, whereby its component parts are closed together against
the rod, and a perfectly tight joint is made. The same effect is pro-
duced to a great extent by the passage of the rod rising out of the box.
When on the contrary the rod descends, its tendency to draw down the
packing shell is met by the ring e and the metallic spring 9. Thus
under all circumstances a perfectly tight joint is formed round the rod,
and all leakage between the rod and the packing rendered impossible;
whilst on the other hand the alloy ring f makes quite as tight a joint
between the outer circumference of the packing shell d and the inner
circumference of the box a, because the spring 9 compresses the said
ring against the conical part of the shell, and thus extends it sufficiently
to make a tight joint, and, finally, the red lead at i forms externally also
a tight joint. If in course of time the top of the cone is diminished by
wear it might be supposed that an empty space would be formed above
the said point, but it is in such case that the action of the spring g is
advantageously felt by opening itself gradually but sufficiently to push
the end of the cone home in the taper hole of the gland, and thus
maintain constantly the packing tight.
Second form of packing.-Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of a com-
plete stuffing box surrounding a rod; and Figures 5 and 6 respectively a
sectional elevation and a plan of one of the component parts of my
packing. This second form of packing, which is more applicable to
engines of ordinary construction, consists in the use of a series of
annular and conical disks of antifriction metal d, d, as a substitute for
the ordinary vegetable packing, or the shell in two halves above
described. These disks, which are slit, as it is shewn in Figures 5 and 6,
in order to give them elasticity, are piled one on the other and fit closely
together as well as on the rod, whilst their outer circumferences are in
close contact with the inner circumference of the box a. The lower
disk k, which I prefer cutting in two halves, differs in shape from the
upper ones that it may have a firm seating on the ring 1, and over the
top disk I place an elastic ring of india-rubber or other elastic material m
upon which the gland 6 is set; this ring, which may also be replaced by
a metallic spiral spring, acts the same part as the metallic spring g,
above described in my first form of metallic packing.

page_text: Having now explained the nature of my Invention, and the best
means that I am acquainted with for carrying the same into operation,
I claim as my Invention,―
Firstly. The peculiar arrangement and construction of parts as above
described and illustrated with reference to my-first form of packing.
And, secondly. The peculiar arrangement and construction of parts
as above described and illustrated with reference to my second form of
packing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julius Schlösser, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness to the signature of
Julius Schlösser,
WM. MORGAN BROWN,
13, Rue Gaillon, Paris.
JULIUS SCHLÖSSER. (1 s.)