In- PROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO GRATES, FIRE-PLACES, AND FURNACES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Young, of 34, Queen Street, Cheapside, in
the City of London, Lamp Manufacturer, for the Invention of "In-
PROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO GRATES, FIRE-PLACES, AND FURNACES."
Sealed the 6th October 1866, and dated the 11th April 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Young at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
April 1866.
:
I, WILLIAM YOUNG, of 34, Queen Street, Cheapside, in the City of
London, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO GRATES, FIRE PLACES, AND
FURNACES," to be as follows::
Whereas in a former Patent granted unto me and bearing date the 19th of
September, 1856 (No.: 2202), the Invention consisted, among other things,
in the use of a screw for raising the fuel to the fire in furnaces, fire-places,
or stoves. Now this Invention consists in the use of a series of spiral bars
formed into a screw or inclined plane with spaces in it for the double purpose
of admitting air to the fuel and raising the fuel to the fire.
When adapted and applied to grates the series of spiral bars forming a
screw or inclined plane with spaces in it may be used in combination with
only a top bar, thereby answering the purpose of the ordinary bottom bars
for supporting the fuel, and also of the intermediate front bars of the grate,

page_text: The fresh fuel is supplied to a box in which the spiral bars are mounted so
as to admit of their being turned as required, in order to raise such fuel into
the fire. The spiral bars may be made hollow for the purpose of allowing
water to pass through them from a cistern to furnish a supply of hot water.
When the spiral bars are adapted or applied to a grate or fire-place, known by
the name of a kitchener, they may be used in combination with a set of hollow
water bars over the top of the fire. In this application of the Invention it is
intended to make the spiral bars hollow to serve as water bars in substitution
for or in addition to the ordinary boiler at the back of the fire-place. And
when the spiral bars are adapted and applied to furnaces they are inserted
at the front or other suitable part of the said fire-place. The spiral bars are
mounted as required, and caused to revolve at a slow speed by hand or by
means of suitable gearing. The fresh fuel is fed into a hopper or shoot in
front, so as to be introduced at the lower part of the screw, formed of spiral
bars, by the revolution of which screw the fuel is raised up into the fire, the
air for supporting combustion passing through the spaces between the spiral
bars. The said screw with spaces in it when applied to either of the above-
named purposes, may be constructed in separate spiral bars fixed together
with intervals between them, or it may be constructed so as to consist
practically of a series of spiral bars with spaces between them cast or formed
in one piece.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
the said William Young in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th October 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
YOUNG, of 34, Queen Street, Cheapside, in the City of London, Lamp
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Young, Her special licence that I, the said William Young, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Young, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,

page_text: AND
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPLICABLE TO GRATES, FIRE-PLACES, AND FURNACES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Young, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Young, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
"My Invention of Improvements in and applicable to Grates, Fire-places,
and Furnaces," consists in the improvements herein-after described on an
Invention contained in a former Patent granted unto me, and bearing date
the Nineteenth day of September, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six
(No. 2202).
And whereas under the said former Patent the Invention consiste:l, among
other things, in the use of a screw or incline for raising the fuel to the fire
in furnaces, fire-places, or stoves; now this my present Invention consists in
the use of a series of spiral bars formed into a screw or incline with spaces in
it for the double purpose of admitting air to the fuel and raising the fuel to
the fire.
When adapted and applied to grates the series of spiral bars, forming a
screw or incline with spaces in it, may be used in combination with only a
top bar, thereby answering the purpose of the ordinary bottom bars for sup-
porting the fuel, and also of the intermediate front bars of the grate. The
fresh fuel is supplied to a box in which the spiral bars are mounted, so as to
admit of their being turned as required in order to raise such fuel into the
fire. The spiral bars may be made hollow for the purpose, of allowing water
to pass through them from a cistern to furnish a, supply of hot water. And
when the spiral bars are adapted and applied to furnaces they are inserted
at the front or other suitable part of the fire-place. The spiral bars are
mounted as required, and caused to revolve at a slow speed by hand or by
means of suitable gearing. The fresh fuel is fed into a hopper or shoot in
front, or into one on each side, and is conveyed to the lower part of the screw
or incline formed of spiral bars, by the revolution of which screw or incline

page_text: the fuel is raised up as required into the fire, the air for supporting com-
bustion passing. through the spaces between the spiral bars.
The said screw or incline with spaces in it when applied to either of the
above-named purposes may be constructed in separate spiral bars fixed
together with intervals between them, or it may be constructed so as to consist
practically of a series of spiral bars with spaces between them cast or formed
in one piece.
:
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention I will proceed to describe
more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed, by reference
to the accompanying Drawings in which my Invention is shewn as applied
both to grates and furnaces.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation of the spiral bars with a screw conveyor
at each end; Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through the bars at the
central rib formed by the junctions of the same; Fig. 3 is a similar section
through one of the screw conveyors; Fig. 4 is a front view of a a grate with
the spiral bars adapted and applied thereto; Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical
section of the same; Fig. 6 is a front view of a furnace with the spiral.
bars adapted and applied thereto; and Fig. 7 is a traverse vertical section of
the same. In these several Figures the same letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts.
· A, A, are the spiral bars which may be either made separately and united
at their ends, or they may be cast in one piece as a screw or incline with
spaces in it, through which air will pass as required; B, B, are two screw
conveyors, one at each end of the series of spiral bars, for the purpose of con-
veying the fuel deposited thereon to the spiral bars, as they are caused to
revolve by turning the axis C to which they and the spiral bars are fixed.
These screw conveyors are prefered to be grooved, as shewn in Figures 1
and 3, but their surfaces may be plain as an ordinary screw conveyor.
The spiral bars A and screw conveyors B, B; fixed on an axis C, are shewn
in Figures 4 and 5 as adapted and applied to a grate, in substitution for the
ordinary moveable grate with its bars. On reference to these Figures it will
be seen that the spiral bars A are mounted in a box D, at the bottom of an
inclined bed of fire-brick on which the fuel is burned. This box is of
sufficient length to receive the spiral bars A, and the screw conveyors B, B,
and admit of their revolving therein on the axis C. Over the spiral bars A
is fixed a top bar E, and there are also bars E* fixed in the central opening
of the box in front of the spiral bars, all of which may be of an ornamental

page_text: character as shown; F is the fire-place formed of fire-brick at the bottom and
sides with a lining of glazed tiles over it inserted in the brickwork, the
required formation of which to receive the said lining is effected by means of
a suitable template, in the manner described in the Specification of a Patent
granted to me, and bearing date February Thirteenth One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-six, No. 445. By this arrangement the fire-place will be
built according to any required pattern, and prepared to receive the box D
with the spiral bars A and screw conveyors B, B. At G, G, are two hoppers
through which fuel may be supplied to the conveyors as required; H is an
aperture at which a poker or lever may be inserted for turning the axis Cas
required, and there is a ratchet wheel on one end of the axis with a retaining
pawl to prevent the axis from turning in the opposite direction to that
required.
It will thus be seen that on fuel being supplied to the conveyors B, B,
through the hoppers G, G, and on the axis C being turned the fuel will be
conveyed to the bottom and central part of the spiral bars, and by the con-
tinued revolution of the spiral bars it will be worked forward. on to the
inclined bed of the fire-place F on which the burning fuel rests. It will
also be seen that the air will pass through the spiral bars A, and support the
combustion of the fuel on the said inclined bed. The section of the spiral
bars as shewn in Fig. 2 is such as to admit of the free passage of air in
divided streams to the burning fuel, and such section is for that purpose pre-
ferred, but the section of the said bars and their distance apart may be varied.
In Figures 6 and 7 the spiral bars are shown adapted and applied to a
furnace, and the general arrangement of the parts with the mode of working
them will be readily understood from the foregoing description with reference
to grates, corresponding letters of reference being used in both cases. It is
to be observed however that the arrangement for working the spiral bars
when applied to furnaces is adapted to produce a more continuous motion of
the axis C than is required in the case of grates. For this purpose &
wheel I is mounted at the upper end of a bracket K, on the axis of which
wheel is fixed an excentric, to which is jointed a connecting rod L, at the
lower forked end of which are jointed two pawls M, one acting to pull round
the ratchet wheel N on the upward motion of the rod L, and the other to
push forward the wheel N on the downward motion of the said rod. The
wheel I is shewn as capable of being turned as required either by means of
a handle O, or a chain P, thereby giving either an occasional or a continuous
slow motion to the axis C as may be required.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner

page_text: the same is to be performed, I would remark that, the pitch of the screw of
spiral bars, and also the forms of the grate and furnace, may be varied from
those shewn in the Drawings, and the screw conveyors at each end of the
spiral bars may be dispensed with, without departing from the principle of
my Invention, but I hereby declare that what I claim as of my. Invention
is,
(First, the application to grates and fire-places of spiral. bars adapted for
the double purpose of feeding and raising the fuel to the fire, and admitting
air to the fuel, as herein-before described.
And, secondly, the adaptation and application of similar spiral bars to
furnaces as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Young, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
:
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
8, Quality Court,
Chancery Lane, W.C.
WILLIAM YOUNG. (L.S.)