IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS For the deveLOPMENT OF ELECTRICITY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS CONSIST IN A CAST HELIX OR METALLIC HELICES, STRUCK IN DIES, FROM COPPER OR OTHER METALS, OR THE COMPOUNDS OF METALS.
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Whitley, of the Railway Works, Hunslet Road,
Leeds in the County of York for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS For the deveLOPMENT OF ELECTRICITY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
CONSIST IN A CAST HELIX OR METALLIC HELICES, STRUCK IN DIES, FROM
COPPER OR OTHER METALS, OR THE COMPOUNDS OF METALS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Whitley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October 1882.
JOSEPH WHITLEY of the Railway Works Hunslet Road, Leeds in the County of
York, Engineer and Founder IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT
OF ELECTRICITY WHICH IMPROVEMENTS CONSIST IN A CAST HELIX OR METALIC
HELICES STRUCK IN DIES FROM COPPER OR OTHER METALS OR THE COMPOUNDS OF
METALS.
Whereas hitherto various methods have been used in the form of insulated wire
coils and otherwise my invention relates to the casting or otherwise forming a
solid Helix or Helices in copper or other metal or the alloys of metals for the
purpose of aiding in the development of Electricity. In order to accomplish this
object I form a model of the required dimensions shape and thickness and from
which I construct a mould into which mould I cast a metal or an alloy of metals
and which when set or crystallized forms a fac-simile of the model as above
described and which cast Helix or Helices I roll press or hammer for the purpose
of giving greater density. For the purpose of constructing a solid Helix from
sheet or plate metal or the alloys of metals I form suitable dies of the required size
and form and I cause the sheet or plate to be placed upon the matrix portion of
the dies or otherwise and then bring hydraulic pressure or other suitable means to
bear upon the dies & sheet or plate by which means a perfect Helix of great
density is produced of the required size form and thickness. In forming Helices
by pressure I prefer that the matrix portion of the die or dies should have a
cutting edge tapered to the outer side formed after the manner of an edge tool

page_text: made for working in wood; but I do not confine myself to this class of die, and
when the sheet or plate of metal or alloys of metals is placed in position and ready
for striking or cutting I place another sheet or plate of suitable material upon the
sheet or plate from which the Helix is to be formed so as to procure a perfectly
clean cut through. The latter sheet or plate I prefer to be harder and thinner than
the former one from which the Helix is to be struck so as to preserve the cutting
edge of the die or dies or I construct a solid Helix from a long rod or bar of metal
or an alloy of metals rolled or drawn in the ordinary way in which case I form a
die or matrix and having calculated the length of the required rod or bar rolled or
drawn I cause one end of the rod or bar to be secured in a cramp or otherwise by
hole or bolt and then cause the rod or bar to enter the Helicic matrix which I cut
or cast in the form required and which forms at the same time a matrix and an
anvil block and when the junction of the ends of the rod or bar is formed I then
fuse the same together for the purpose of completing the structure of the Helix and
which I hammer or press for the purpose of giving set or stability to the form
thereof before removing the Helix from the matrix anvil and when required I
attach internally or otherwise a grooved base or carrying lugs or clips for the
purpose of securing the Helix so made when mounted in position.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Joseph Whitley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th April 1883.
JOSEPH WHITLEY of Railway Works, Leeds in the County of York, Engineer and
Founder IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICITY
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS CONSIST IN A CAST HELIX OR METALLIC HELICES STRUCK
IN DIES FROM COPPER OR OTHER METALS OR THE COMPOUNDS OF METALS
Whereas hitherto various methods have been used in the form of insulated wire
coils and otherwise my invention relates to the casting or otherwise forming a
solid Helix or Helices in copper or other metal or the alloys of metals for the
purpose of aiding in the development of electricity. In order to accomplish this
object I form a model of the required dimensions shape and thickness and from
which I construct a mould into which mould I cast a metal or an alloy of metals
and which when set or crystallized forms a fac-simile of the model as above
described and which cast Helix or Helices I roll press or hammer for the purpose of
giving greater density and in some cases I cast an elongated cylindrical shaped
Helix and then cut or saw a series of Helices from the end of the cast cylindrical
Helix. For the purpose of constructing a solid helix from sheet or plate metal or
the alloys of metals I form suitable dies of the required size and form and I cause
the sheet or plate to be placed upon the matrix portion of the dies or otherwise
and then bring hydraulic pressure or other suitable means to bear upon the dies
and sheet or plate by which means a perfect helix of great density is produced of
the required size form and thickness. In forming helices by pressure I prefer that
the matrix portion of the die or dies should have a cutting edge tapered to the
outer side formed after the manner of an edge tool made for working in wood but
I do not confine myself to this class of die or dies and when the sheet or plate of
metal or alloy of metals is placed in position and ready for striking or cutting I
place another sheet or plate of suitable material upon the sheet or plate from
which the helix is to be formed so as to procure a perfectly clean cut through.
The latter sheet or plate I prefer to be harder and thinner than the former from
which the helix is to be struck so as to preserve the shorn edges of the helix thus
formed. Or I cut or slot or shape helices by suitable machinery to the required
lines size and thickness required from suitable sheets or plates of copper or other
metal or the alloys of metals. Or I cut from a sheet or plate and sheets and plates
of copper or other metal or the alloys of metals with an endless saw helices to lines
engraved upon a template sheet or by means of inner and outer templates which
are so constructed as when set to form a groove or guide which directs the saw or
other slotting punching or cutting process in the proper line or I form a pair of
templates of the required size into which I place one or more metallic sheets the
templates having duplicate holes for the inner and outer diameters of the helicio
arms which templates I then bolt together and then proceed to drill punch or cut
out the inner and outer circles of the arms and subsequently slot punch drill or cut
out the inner and outer parallel portions by which means I produce a perfect helix.
When I form small helices I take a sheet or sheets of copper or other metal or the
alloys of metals and having placed the same betwixt two template plates I cause
a proper punch or punches to descend by suitable pressure as before described for
the purpose of punching out the scrap or waste and leaving the helix betwixt the
two template plates so that the same remains perfectly true. I prefer this mode
when making small helices for the reason that it gives a truer helix than when the
helix is punched out from the sheet or plate and takes less finishing and remains
truer to the required lines. Or I construct a solid helix from a long rectangular
square round or elliptic rod or bar of metal or an alloy of metals rolled or drawn

page_text: in the ordinary way in which case I form a die or matrix and having calculated
the length of the required rod or bar rolled cut or drawn I cause one end of the rod
or bar to be secured in a cramp or otherwise by hole or bolt and then cause the
rod or bar to enter the helicic matrix or other arrangement which matrix I cut or
cast in the form required and which forms at the same time a matrix and an anvil
block and when the junction of the rods or bars are formed I then fuse rivet
or solder the same together for the purpose of completing the structure of the helix
and which I hammer or press for the purpose of giving set or stability and density
to the form thereof before or after removing the helix from the matrix anvil. And
when required I attach internally or otherwise grooved bases or carrying lugs or
clips for the purpose of securing the helix so made when mounted in position which
grooved base lugs or clips may be formed in one or more parts and which may be
cast in a block or boss if required and when fully prepared segments may be cut
off and fitted to the respective parts of the helix such carrying bases lugs or clips
when cast in one piece are more convenient for turning boring and fitting. When
I form the base lugs or clips.in separate parts I cause a slit to be formed from the
outer periphery towards the centre so that when the helix portion is mounted
upon the lugs or clips bolts or rivets or other means are passed through the slits
and which may be passed through the helix when required so as to bind the outer
portion of the helix proper to the central lugs or clips into which the slits and
grooves are cut or cast by which means the outer portion is firmly secured by and
to the inner. By this arrangement the outer portion of a helix may be formed
much denser and the inner base lug or clip portion equally stronger by being made
of bronze or other suitable material or when the base lugs or elips are cast in parts
they may be formed of hard dense compounds of other metals and stiffened up by
being set or swaged in dies. This mode of construction economises time and
produces a stronger and more efficient helix. In some cases I attach separate clips
formed in pairs to the inner portion of the helix to accomplish the same object
and when large volumes of electricity are required to be produced I insert suitable
non-conducting material betwixt the slits grooves and clips so as to secure a good
consecutive flow of the currents the non-conducting material being kept in
position by the rivets or bolts or screws passing through it and which bind the
base or lugs or clips and helix proper together. I form the helix portion proper of
the highest conductive material upon which one or more lugs of like material is
properly formed with or attached to it and which exit portion lug or lugs are
solidified in like manner to the helix to give greater density and each of which
lugs may be formed upon or subsequently attached to the helix proper by fusion
or otherwise as before described. In some cases I cause a faceplate to revolve
having different sized projections set in position and of the required diameters to
give the exact curvature to the inner and outer lines of the helix and which face
plate I prefer to rotate but I also form helices upon the same when stationary by
hand. The centres of these projections are set intermediately and at proper
distances each projection having its respective lines of convergence to the centre
so that when the face plate projections are fed with the long rod or bar of copper
or other metal or alloys of metals the same passing over the outerside of the larger
projections and the inner side of the intermediate smaller ones a helix is formed
excepting the fusing or otherwise securing the junction of the ends of the same
and which I join together in the manner before described and thus form a perfect
helix and which I hammer or press for the purpose of giving set or stability and
density to the helix before removing the same from the face plate
Having described the nature of my said Invention I wish it to be understood
that I in no way limit myself to these several nodes of construction of Helices nor
to the precise form or arrangement of the apparati as herein before described as
these may be variously modified without departing from the nature of my invention
but what I claim as new and novel in my invention is
First. The casting of a metallic helix or metallic helices substantially as herein-
before described.

page_text: Secondly. The formation of a metallic helix or metallic helices substantially as
herein before described.
Thirdly. The formation of a metallic helix or metallic helices from sheets or
plates by suitable cutting slotting or shaping machinery substantially as herein-
before described.
Fourthly. The cutting of a metallic helix or metallic helices from sheet or plate
metal or compounds of metals by an endless saw substantially as herein before
described.
Fifthly. The formation of a metallic helix or metallic helices from sheets or plates
by punching or drilling out of one or more plates at the same time the outer and
inner ends of the helicic arms and then working out the parallel parts by slotting
or otherwise substantially as hereinbefore described.
Sixthly. The formation of a metallic helix or metallic helices betwixt two
template plates substantially as hereinbefore described.
Seventhly. The construction of a metallic helix or metallic helices from
rectangular square round or elliptic rods or bars substantially as hereinbefore
described. Eighthly. The formation of a metallic helix or metallic helices from
a bar of metal or compounds of metals by pressing the same into a matrix sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described.
Ninthly. The construction of a metallic helix or metallic helices having a lug
or lugs cast or fused upon it or them for the purpose of forming the transmitting
medium of an electric current substantially as hereinbefore described.
Tenthly. The construction of a compound helix in which the lug or lugs forming
the inner portion are formed of bronze or other suitable material substantially as
herein before described. Eleventh. The construction of a clip or clips having grooves
on the outer periphery formed to the contour of the lines of the helix proper
substantially as hereinbefore described.
Twelfth. The casting of clips or lugs in a circular block so as to facilitate the
fitting of the same substantially as herein before described. Thirteenth. The
formation of a slit or groove in the clips or lugs to facilitate the nipping and
securing of the helix proper substantially as herein before described.
Fourteenth. The insertion in the grooves of the lugs or clips of such helices
a suitable non-conductor of electricity substantially as hereinbefore described.
Fifteenth. The formation of a solid metallic helix or helices struck in dies or
otherwise formed having a side lug or lugs for the exit of the currents substantially
as hereinbefore described. In Witness whereof I the said Joseph Whitley have
hereunto set my hand and seal this twelfth day of April One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
TACHY
JOSEPH WHITLEY (1.8.)