IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Ellison at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th April 1867.
I, DANIEL ELLISON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed, first, for the purpose of simplifying the mechanism
termed the "weft motion" employed in looms for weaving, and also for
effecting greater certainty and accuracy of action for stopping the loom when
the weft breaks; and, secondly, the Invention is designed for the purpose of
producing and regulating the tention upon the warps without the employment
of weights, and also for facilitating the operation of effecting such tention.
The improvements may be thus described, the former of which, the weft
motion, may according to the principal be arranged in several ways as follows:-
First, a finger secured to the swell of the shuttle box is extended therefrom
in a direct line terminating immediately behind the "grid" of the "reed" through
which the weft fork is caused to pass; this projecting finger when the shuttle
enters the box is caused to move so as to allow the free action of the weft fork
should the weft break, thereby enabling an adjustable catch stud secured to
the lathe" or other suitable and convenient place to take hold of the weft fork
in the usual manner and stop the loom, but in order to prevent the stoppage-
of the loom during the continuous run of the weft the weft fork is caused to tilt

page_text: and miss the catch stud when the shuttle is in the box opposite to the one having
the projecting finger attached to the swell. This is effected as follows:-
The shuttle when entering the opposite box leaves the swell with the projecting
finger undisturbed, thus allowing the finger to remain against the "grid,"
forming thereby an abutment against which the fork comes into contact
when the "lathe "is beating up, thereby tilting the the fork so as to pass the
catch of the adjustable stud; but should the weft break when returning to the
box near the weft fork the "swell" becomes depressed, which causes the
finger abutment to receed and allow the fork freely to pass through, which
not being tilted catches upon the adjustable stud, effecting thereby the stoppage
of the loom in the ordinary manner.
A second modification or arrangement of mechanism for effecting the same
object consists in securing a finger upon one end of a horizontal shaft
secured to the "lathe," the said finger projects upwards from the shaft
so as to press upon the swell; to the opposite end of this shaft, immediately
behind the "grid" of the "reed," a tongue is secured, which when the shuttle
enters the box causes the tongue to receed so as to allow the fork to pass
through should the weft break and so stop the loom; but when the shuttle is in
the opposite box the tongue not being acted upon forms an abutment against
which the fork is brought into contact thereby becoming tilted so as to miss
the catch of the adjustable stud secured to the lathe, the fork only being
allowed to act so as to stop the loom when the weft breaks and the shuttle
enters the box so as to depress the swell, the loom being stopped in the
usual manner by the stop rod and "frog" if the shuttle "floats."
Another arrangement for effecting accuracy of action to the weft motion
consists in supporting an horizontal lever upon a fulcrum secured to the "latbe."
One end of this lever is turned upwards so as to rest against the swell of the
shuttle box; to the opposite end of this lever the weft catch stud is secured,
the action of which is as follows:-With each entrance of the shuttle into
the box the swell is caused to act upon the lever supporting the catch stud
so as to bring it in a line with the catch of the weft fork, which is caused in
the usual manner so long as the weft is continuous to tilt and escape the catch
stud, but in the event of the weft breaking the shuttle depressing the swell
brings the catch stud into position for catching the weft fork, which as the
"lathe "beats forward stops the loom in the ordinary manner.
And, lastly, my improvement relates to an arrangement of mechanism for
effecting any required tention upon the warps, and consists in attaching
to the rope, chain, or break clip now employed in connection with the warp
beam a helical or other suitable spring, the ends of which are attached to a

page_text: transverse bar extending in a parallel line with the beam; to the centre of this
rod, midway between its extremities, a lever is caused to rest, the fulcrum of
which by preference is secured to a bracket fixed to the back rail of the loom ;
from this parallel rod or bar the lever is extended in a straight or bent direction
to the front or side of the loom, and is provided with a catch which takes into
the teeth of a rack secured to the front frame of the loom; thus when a
greater tention is required to be given to the warp the lever bearing upon
the parallel bar attached by helical springs to the rope, chain, or break clip of
the warp beam is depressed by the foot and retained in the position placed by
means of the catch and rack before mentioned; by this means any required or
given tention can be readily effected upon the warps. The arrangement of
break clips we prefer to employ is constructed of a flexible steel blade which
is caused to encircle two-thirds or more of the beam, the end of which is
attached to the springs and levers before described.