IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND SHAPING PROVISIONAL SPATION
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Scott, junior, Joseph Duncan Scott, and
Thomas Robertson Ogilvie, all of Greenock, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND SHAPING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Scott, junior,
Joseph Duncan Scott, and Thomas Robertson Ogilvie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1880.
ALEXANDER SCOTT, junior, JOSEPH DUNCAN SCOTT, and THOMAS ROBERTSON
" IMPROVE-
OGILVIE, all of Greenock, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain.
MENTS IN TREATING AND SHAPING SUGAR AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
This Invention has for its object to produce finished sugar in the form of small
squares, cubes, or lumps of any convenient approximately regular forms, or in the
form of sticks or bars, which can be subdivided into small pieces suitable for
the table; and the improved processes employed in carrying out the Invention are
believed to have various practical advantages over processes hitherto in use for
obtaining analogous results.
The improved processes may be applied to either raw or refined sugar, but as
contrasted with the ordinary manufacture of loaf sugar, they may be described as
consisting mainly in shaping the sugar, not in large conical moulds yielding the
sugar in loaves, requiring considerable subsequent cutting and chopping to reduce
it to conveniently usable pieces, but in compound moulds which yield the sugar in
the form of sticks or bars of square or other convenient section, which sticks or
bars require only one subsequent cutting or chopping operation.
masse
In carrying out the Invention the sugar may be in the state known as
cuite," in which it comes from the vacuum pan, or it may be in a granular form,
and made into a magma by being mixed with sugar liquor. The masse cuite or
magwa, by preference in a warm state, is filled into the special compound mould
and allowed to stand until it cools and congeals. The form, construction, and
dimensions of the mould are susceptible of considerable variation, but in a
convenient modification the mould is rectangular, 14 inches long, 8 inches wide

page_text: and 7 inches deep, and is fitted with longitudinal dividing plates set in grooves
1 inch apart, and with cross plates set also in grooves 1 inch apart, the
mould being thereby divided into 96 spaces, cach 1 inch square. After the
sugar in the mould has become hard, the "green syrup" or uncongealed liquor
is drained off and the sugar is rendered white, or is more or less purified by
means of sugar liquor, or steam, or hot air, alone or together. The draining and
purifying operations may be effected either by means of centrifugal apparatus in
which a convenient number of the moulds are placed or by means of atmospheric
or other fluid pressure.
It is considered preferable for the sugar to be in the condition of a magma or
pasty mass, as herein before described, when put into the compound mould, but it
may also be treated when in a dry or comparatively dry granular form, being in
that case put into the mould as compactly as is conveniently possible.
The sticks or bars of sugar may be removed from the compound mould before or
after complete drying, either by taking the parts of the mould asunder, or by
employing a set of pistons or plungers to push out the sticks or bars. The division
plates or pieces of the mould may either be movable or fixed as may be found
convenient.
The apparatus for chopping or subdividing the sticks or bars is by preference
fitted with a feeding or progressively moving slide, which will hold the sticks or
bars after being cut in a manner to prevent displacement of the pieces, and so as to
admit of the cut bars being packed in a solid or close manner for transit. By this
arrangement, as well by the improved process as a whole, the producing of waste in
the form of small fragments or powder is very much reduced if not altogether
-avoided.--

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of tho conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Scott, junior, Joseph Duncan Scott, and Thomas
Robertson Ogilvie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th March 1881.
ALEXANDER SCOTT, junior, JOSEPIT DUNCAN SCOTT, and TпомAS ROBERTSON
OGILVIE, all of Greenock, in tho County of Ronfrew, North Britain. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TREATING AND SHAPING SUGAR AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR,"
Our said Invention has for its object to produce finished sugar in the form of
small squares, cubes, or lumps of any convenient approximately regular forms, or in
the forin of sticks or bars which can be subdivided into small pieces suitable for
the table; and the improved processos employed in carrying out our Invention
have, as we believe, various practical advantages over processes hitherto in use for
obtaining analogous results.
Our improved processes may be applied to either raw or refined sugar, but as
contrasted with the ordinary manufacture of loaf sugar, they may be described as
consisting mainly in shaping the sugar, not in large conical moulds yielding the
sugar in loaves, requiring considerable subsequent cutting and chopping to reduce
it to conveniently usable pieces, but in compound moulds which yield the sugar in
the form of sticks or bars of square or other convenient section, which sticks or bars
requiro only one subsequent cutting or chopping operation.
In practically carrying out our Invention, the sugar may be in the state known
as "masse cuite," in which it comes from the vacuum pan, or it may be in a
granular form, and be made into a magma by being mixed with sugar liquor. The
masse cuite or magma, by preference in a warm state, is filled into the special
compound mould and allowed to stand until it cools and congeals. The form,
construction, and dimensions of the mould are susceptible of considerable variation,
but by way of example two modifications are shown on a Sheet of explanatory
Drawings, which is hereunto appended.
Figures 1, 2, 3, on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings are a plan or end view,
a sectional side view, and a sectional front view of one modification of our
compound moulds, and Figures 4 and 5 are sectional sido and front views of a
second modification, whilst Figures 6 and 7 are enlarged views of dotails. In these
Drawings the same, referenco numerals are used to mark the same or like parts
wherever they are repeated.
In the first modification, shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, the compound mould consists
of an oblong rectangular frame having one long side 8 and one short side 9
riveted or otherwise permanently fixed together or formed in one piece; the other
two sides 10, 11, being attached by means of screw nuts 12, 13, screwing upon
studs or bolts fixed in each case in one part of the frame and passing through holes
in the other part. The interior of the mould frame is subdivided by comparatively
thick plates 14 extending completely across and fitting into grooves made for them
in the side frame pieces 8, 10, and the spaces thus formed are further subdivided by
thinner plates 15 placed between and at right angles to the other plates 14, which
are formed with grooves into which the thinner plates 15 fit. The compound
mould now being described is constructed for moulding 96 square sticks of a length
equal to the breadth of the side frame pieces 8, 10.
In the second modification, shown in Figures 4 to 7, the outer framing of the
compound mould is like that of the first inodification, but the subdividing plates
are arranged in a manner which is in practice found moro convenient than that
described as adopted in the first modification. The interior is divided by plates 16
placed horizontally when the mould is in the position in which it is shown in
Figures 4 and 5; the spaces between these horizontal plates 16 being subdivided
by vertical plates or strips 17 which are only as wide vertically as the space

page_text: After the sticks or bars of sugar have been separated from the mould they are
dried in a stove or otherwise, if it is considered necessary or desirable; after
which they may be packed for the market in the form of sticks or bars; or they
may be subdivided into small squares or pieces before being packod. The apparatus
for chopping or subdividing the sticks or bars is by preference fitted with a feeding
or progressively moving slide, which will hold the sticks or bars after being cut in
a manner to prevent displacement of the pieces, and so as to admit of the cut bars
being packed in a solid or close manner for transit. By this arrangement, as well
as by our improved process as a whole, the producing of waste in the form of small
fragments or powder is very much reduced, if not altogether avoided.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, we have to state that we do not restrict ourselves to the
precise details herein described or delineated, but that what we believe to be novel
and original and claim as the Invention secured to us by and in terms of the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1. The system or combination of processes consisting in taking sugar in the
condition of "masse cuite" or of a magma, or in a more or less dry granular state,
and shaping and treating the same in compound moulds, so as to form sticks or
bars of a square or other convenient section, and subdividing of such sticks or
bars, all substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
2. The treatment of sugar taken in the condition of "masse cuito" or of a magma,
or in a moro or less dry granular condition in compound moulds, and thoroby
producing sticks or bars of a square or other convenient section, substantially as
herein before described.
3. The constructing of compound moulds for shaping sugar, substantially in the
manner herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Robertson Ogilvie, on behalf of
the said Alexander Scott, junior, Joseph Duncan Scott, and myself, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
THOMAS KOBERTSON OGILVIE. (L.S.)