IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SCOURING AND WASHING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John MoNaught and William McNaught, junior, of
St. George's Foundry, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SCOURING AND WASHING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John MºNaught and William
MoNaught at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1880.
JOHN MCNAUGHT and WILLIAM M°NAUGHT, junior, of St. George's Foundry,
Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SCOURING AND WASHING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Firstly. Our Invention relates to improved combinations of mechanism for
dragging the wool from the washing trough up the incline to the squeezing rollers,
and one modification of our Invention for this purpose consists in two sets of frames
armed with teeth, the rows of the teeth in one frame alternate with the rows of
teeth in the other frame.
The frames are or may be worked by cams and cranks in a manner similar to
that in which our patent harrows are worked for dragging the wool up the incline
of from the trough, as described in the Specifications of former Letters Patent,
Nos. 281 of 1865, 2772 of 1870, and 1318 of 1879, but so that each frame will act
alternate with the other, one frame going up while the other is going down.
Another modification consists in making only one of the two frames to drag up
the wool, the other frame having only a lifting movement to allow the wool to be
dragged up, and then descend upon and retain it.
Another modification consists in using two harrows or frames of teeth, the
prongs of one frame or harrow passing between those of the other, both having a
dragging and lifting movement, one at one end of the incline, the other at the other
end, one feeding or dragging the wool to the other.
Another modification consists in giving the said frames a to and fro alternate
motion only, and in jointing the prongs to hold and drag the wool in the ascending
movement, and give way and pass over the wool during the descending movement.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to the arrangement of the mechanism for
working the above named frames, and ordinary harrows for dragging the wool up
the inclines of washing troughs, and consists in placing the cams, shafts, cranks, and
Price S21

page_text: gearing at the sides, and below the incline instead of over and above it, as hitherto
used.
Thirdly. Our Invention relates to the construction of the incline from the
washing machine, and tho reverse incline to the squeezing rollers, and consists in
forming such inclines of glass, pot glazed earthenware, or of metal covered or 5
coated with glass or enamel, to obtain a perfectly smooth surface not liable to
rust.
Fourthly. Our Invention relates to mechanism which is to be used in place of
the ordinary swing rakes, and consists in an arrangement of harrows or frames
armed with teeth, which have the requisite up and down and to and fro motion 1
imparted to them by cams, cranks, and gearing on the exterior of the trough placed
at its sides or below the top of the trough if required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John M Naught and William McNaught in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th October 1880.
JOHN MCNAUGHT and WILLIAM MCNAUGHT, junior, of St. George's Foundry,
Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR SCOURING AND WASHING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Firstly. Our Invention relates to improved combinations of mechanism for
dragging the wool from the washing trough up the incline to the squeezing rollers,
and one modification of our Invention for this purpose consists of two sets of
frames armed with teeth, the rows of teeth in one frame alternate with the rows of
teeth in the other frame.
The frames are or may be worked by cams and cranks in a manner similar to
that in which our patent harrows are worked for dragging the wool up the incline
from the trough (as described in Specifications of Letters Patent granted to us,
No. 821, February 1st 1865; No. 2772, October 21st 1870; and No. 1318, April 3rd
1879); but so that each frame will act alternate with the other, one frame going
up, while the other is going down.
Another modification consists in making only one of the two frames to drag up
the wool, the other frame having only a lifting movement to allow the wool to be
dragged up, and then descend upon and retain it.
Another modification consists in using two harrows or frames of teeth, the prongs
of one frame or harrow passing between those of the other, both having a dragging
and lifting movement, one at one end of the incline, the other at the other end, oue
feeding or dragging the wool to the other.
Another modification consists in a combination and arrangement for giving the
said frames a to and fro alternate motion only, the prongs being jointed to bold and
drag the wool in the ascending movement, and to give way and pass over the wool
during the descending movement.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to the arrangement of the mechanism for
working the above named frames, and ordinary single acting harrows for dragging
the wool up the inclines of washing troughs, and consists in placing the cams,
shafts, cranks, and gearing at the sides and below the incline, instead of over and
above it, as hitherto used.
Thirdly. Our Invention relates to the construction of the incline from the washing
machine, and the reverse incline to the squeezing rollers, and consists in formning
such inclines of glass, pot, glazed earthenware, or of metal covered or coated with
glass or enamel, to obtain a perfectly smooth surface not liable to rust.
Fourthly. Our Invention relates to mechanism which is to be used in place of
the ordinary swing rakes, and consists in an arrangement of harrows or frames
armed with teeth which have the requisite up and down and to and fro motion
imparted to them by cams, cranks, and gearing on the exterior of the trough placed
at its sides or below the top of the trough if required.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation with the delivery end shown in section of one of
our improved wool washing and scouring machines; and Fig. 2 is a plan view
thereof.
These views illustrate one modification under the first part of our Invention,
with the arrangement of mechanism combined therewith which forms the subject
of the second part of our Invention, and also illustrates the third part of our
Invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 4 a plan view also showing the mechanism
at the delivery end of the machine illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 coming under the
first, second, and third parts of our Invention, combined with the arrangement
constituting the fourth part of our Invention.

page_text: Fig. 3 is a partial sectional clevation illustrating one modification under the
first of our Invention worked by mechanism above the incline.
Fig. 6 is a partial sectional elevation illustrating a modification under the first
part of our Invention where one of the two sets of bars or frames of teeth only lift
(and do not also move to and fro to drag the wool) with mechanism for working
it arranged under the incline.
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. a plan illustrating a modification under
the first part of our Invention, where one of the two sets of bars or frames of teeth
feeds to the other set, the actuating mechanism being above the incline.
Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation illustrating a combination and arrangement of
meclianism under the first part of our Invention where the two sets of bars or
frames of teeth are actuated, the teeth being hinged and the frames having
alternate to and fro, but not a movement up and down to and from the incline.
In Fig. 5 two sets of bars or frames a and a' armed with teeth are used side by
side, but with clear spaces between them.
Each alternate toothed bar a forms one set, and the other alternate toothed
bars a form the other set; the bars of each set all move together.
One set lifts up, moves back, descends, and then moves up the incline with the
points of the tecth near its surface.
Both sets of toothed bars move in like manner, but alternately, that is, when one
set of bars are lifting above and moving down the incline the other set remain
parallel with and are moving up the incline, and when one has just descended upon,
the other is just beginning to lift from tho incline, so that the teeth of one of the
two sets of bars have always hold of the wool.
The mechanism for actuating the toothed bars illustrated in Fig. 5 is similar to
that forming the subject of previous Patents granted to us, but modified to give the
alternate action.
In Fig. 5 each toothed bar is lifted at one end only by a separate cam 6º on the
shaft b. The upper end of each bar a or a' rests upon a segment c or c¹ on the
arms cor c³ mounted on the shafts c or c which have the requisite oscillation
given to them by a crank, and each toothed bar a or a¹ is connected by a rod cª
with an arm c² on one of the oscillating shafts (c), or the toothed bars (a) forming
one set are all connected together, and each set is worked to and fro by one arm
(c² or c³) and connecting rod (c).
In Fig. 5 one set of the toothed bars (a) is shown with the bars in their lowest
position, in full line, and the other set (a) with the bars in their highest positions
upon the incline in dotted line. d is the incline from the washing trough; d' the
reverse inclino to the feeding rollers h.
In Figs. 1 and 2 and in Figs. 3 and 4 another modification under the first part
of our Invention is illustrated.
The bars (a and a¹) are formed by preference of tubing, in which holes are drilled
for the teeth a* which are rivetted in them.
There are two upright stands a² from each bar, and the upper ends of these
uprights for one set of bars a are secured to cross bars a³, and those of the bars a¹
for the other set are connected to cross bars a¹, so that each alternate set of toothed
bars forms a separate frame.
The ends of the cross bars a³ and at of each frame are connected respectively
with the pillars or uprights a³ and a (four for each frame, two on each side of the
frame) which pillars at their lower ends are secured in a slide bar passing
lengthway of the machine, there being one slide bar a7 and as on each side, and
each slide bar rests on two cams 62 on the shafts band b' passing across and
under the incline d, being carried in bearings formed in brackets secured under the
incline.
The slide bars a' for one frame are both outside, and those as for the other frame
are both inside, the two a' and a³ on each side being side by side, and the cams
for them are reversed in position on the shafts.
The cams 6' are formed to give the lifting movement when the frames of teeth

page_text: are passing down the incline to keep the teeth clear of the wool and allow the
frames to remain stationary (as to lifting from the incline) when the frames are
moving and dragging the material up the incline d.
The movement up and down the incline is given to the frames by a crank
(shown in dotted line) in one of the cam shafts (61), which crank, by a connecting
rod b, is jointed with an arm c' on a cross shaft c, in bearings under the incline,
and gives to it rocking motion. Upon each end of the rocking shaft ca two armed
lever c is secured, and to each arm of each lever a connecting rod is jointed; the
other ends of the two connecting rods from the upper arms are jointed with the
slide bars as of one frame, and the connecting rods (c) from the lower arms are
jointed with the slide bars a³ of the other frame, so that when one moves up the
other moves down the incline.
Motion to work the toothed lifting frames a and a² is conveyed from the gearing
working the propelling rakes by a shaft e and bevel wheels, which gears with a
Cross shaft e' in suitable bearings, which cross shaft gears by bevel wheels with a
shaft under and in the lengthway of the incline (shown in dotted line). which shaft
by bevel wheels gears the two cam shafts b and b¹ together.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the washing trough fand the well known arrangement of swing
or propelling rakes g are shown; h are the ordinary squeezing rollers, the liquid
from which is received by a trough ', and is carried back to the washing trough
by a pipe, which is clear of the mechanism under the incline d.
Fig. 6 illustrates a modification under the first head of our Invention. The two
toothed frames a and a¹ are constructed, arranged, and worked alternately as
described in reference to Figs. 1 and 2, except that one toothed frame (a) has only
a lifting and not a to and fro motion up and down the inclino.
The pillars a³ for the toothed frame that lifts only work up and down through
guides a, and the rocking shaft c requires only one arm and one connecting rod c³
on each side for the slide bar a³.
The frame a simply lifts when the wool or material is being dragged up the
incline, and descends upon and retains it while the other frame a' is making its
back movement.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate another modification under the first head of our
Invention, where two sets of toothed frames are used, one to feed the material to
the other.
These frames are worked by mechanism above the incline, viz., two cam shafts b
and b¹ in suitable bearings; the cams be on these shafts give the lifting movement
from the inclined to the frame a at the upper end of the incline.
The frame a¹ for the lower end of the incline is connected with the slide bars aº,
which slide and oscillate upon the upper cam shaft b and upon the reversed cams
on the lower cam shaft b¹.
The teeth or prongs of the last named frame pass clear between the bars for the
teeth of the other frame a.
To and fro motion in the direction of the incline is given to the upper toothed
frame (a) by a connecting rod 68 attached to a crank in the lower shaft 6¹, and
similar motion is given to the lower or feeding toothed frame a¹ from two cranks
in the same shaft, and two connecting rods b× jointed with a bar a
between the two side slide bars aº.
passing
In this arrangement the lower toothed frame a¹ is taking the material up the
incline when the upper frame a is passing down, and this latter frame has descended
upon the material when the lower frame (a') begins to lift to make its back
movement.
Fig. 9 illustrates an arrangement similar to that shown by Fig. 5, except that the
toothed bars a or a¹ have no lifting movement from the incline, only an alternate
to and fro motion in the line of the incline d.
The bars a or a¹ in this modification of our Invention are or may be arranged,
connected, and worked, as to the to and fro motion, by mechanism under the incline,
as illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2.

page_text: In the modification illustrated by Fig. 9 the teeth are jointed to the bars each
with a tail picce a* to come against the bar and make the teeth rigid when the bar
is moving up the incline; but to give way and pass over the material when the
har is moving down the incline; thus the teeth of each set of bars will alternately
drag the material up the incline, and pass over it in going down the incline.
The second part of our Invention has been already described in reference to and
in combination with the modification of the first part of our Invention illustrated by
Figs. 1 and 2, and its application to single acting toothed frames is obvious, as if
one of the frames a or a¹ is taken away there will be then a single acting frame to
drag the wool up the incline, but we prefer double acting frames as illustrated by.
Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
The third part of our Invention is illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, and Figs. 3
and 4.
In these illustrations the incline & and reverse incline d' are supposed to be each
faced with a sheet of glass d* which may be bedded in suitable cement. Or the
inclines are formed of thick slabs of glass ground smooth on the upper face. Or
slabs of pot or glazed earthenware are or may be substituted for glass or metal
covered or coated with enamel.
The fourth part of our Invention is illustrated by Figs. 3 and 4. f is the washing
trough, g is a beam or bar connected with a cross bar 7 near each end, and the
ends of these cross bars are connected with a slide bar or frame g³ on each side and
at the outside of the washing trough f, which slide bars g³ rest upon cams 2 upon
two cam shafts i and i passing through tubes fx which are secured and jointed to
each side of the trough below the false bottom f¹.
Cross bars g for the rakes are attached to the central longitudinal bar or
frame g¹.
A crank is formed on the side of each of the cams on one shaft i for connecting
rods, which are also attached to the side slide frames 7. j are the driving
pulleys, and a spur pinion on the boss of the driving pulley gears with a wheel on
the cam shaft i, which by bevel wheels and a shaft gives equal motion to the
other cam shaft i¹.
The cams and cranks cause the points of the prongs or teeth to keep close
(without touching) to the false bottom (f¹) of the trough when advancing towards
the incline, but to lift upwards when travelling backwards, and then descend to
near the false bottom.
A modification of this part of our Invention consists in arranging the bars g
carrying the prongs or teeth gx so that they can be turned upwards or into or
near to a horizontal position to be more out of the way when cleaning out the
trough f.
This is or may be done by arranging the shafts or bars g to oscillate in the
bearings in the beam g¹, and making a projection g', shown in peculiar dotted line
from each bearing to come against the nearest prongs to hold them from moving
when pushing the wool, the upper part of these projections forming a rest for the
rakes when turned over out of the way as shown by g³ in dotted line.
We have now particularly described the nature of our said Invention, and the
modes of carrying the same into effect, and claim as our Invention,―
Firstly. Two frames or sets of bars having teeth acting over and above an incline
alternately to drag or lift the wool or material from a washing trough up the
incline, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2,
3 and 4, and Fig. 5 of the Drawings.
Secondly. Two frames or sets of bars having teeth acting over and above an
incline, one to drag or lift the wool or material from the washing trough up the
incline, the other to lift and allow the material to be dragged or lifted, and then
descend upon and retain it while the lifting or dragging frame or set of bars is
making back its movement, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by Fig. 6 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. Two frames or sets of bars having teeth, one frame or set of bars at

page_text: the lower, the other at the upper end of an incline, one dragging wool or material
from a washing trough up the incline and feeding it to the other, substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8 of the Drawings.
Fourthly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for actuating two
frames or sets of bars having teeth jointed to them, movable only in one direction
and arranged over and above the incline, which frames or sets of bars have an
alternate movement to and fro only in the direction of the incline, so that their teeth
will drag the wool or material from the washing trough over tho surface of the
incline, the teeth giving way and passing over and above the material when the
bars or frames make their return stroke, substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by Fig. 9 of the Drawings.
Fiftbly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for actuating or giving
the up and down and to and fro motion to the toothed frames or bars for lifting or
dragging wool or material up the inclines of washing troughs when arranged under
or below or at the sides of the inclines, substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 6 of the Drawings.
Sixthly. The construction of the incline (d) and reverse incline (d') of glass, or
faced with glass (d*), or formed of or faced with glazed earthenware, or formed of
metal covered or coated with glass or enamel, to obtain a smooth surface not liable
to rust, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 3 of
the Drawings.
Seventhly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for propelling wool
or material in washing troughs with the mechanism for actuating or giving the up
and down and to and fro movements to it at the sides of the trough, and with the
shafts passing under or through tubes is the trough, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by Figs. 3 and 4 of the Drawings.
Eighthly. The several combinations of double acting mechanism bereinbefore
described for lifting or dragging the wool or material from the washing trough
when combined with an incline (d) and reverse incline (d) leading to the
squeezing rollers (h), substantially as herein before described, and illustrated by the
Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, tho said John McNaught and William McNaught,
junior, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixth day of October,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.