METHOD AND CONTRIVANCES FOR HANGING-UP DAMP PAPERS AND PASTE-BOARDS
Year: 1886

page_text: Paste Boards.
I, BRUNO MEINERT Engineer at Berlin in the Kingdom of Prussia and German
Empire, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "METHOD AND
CONTRIVANCES FOR HANGING-UP DAMP PAPERS AND PASTE-BOARDS" and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained,
in and by the following statement :—
The spring-clips which are now generally used for hanging up damp papers and
paste-board, and the method of applying them have several inconvenientnesses of
which the following are the chief:
1tly in the course of time the springs relax unavoidably.
2adly this method of hanging-up pasto board occasions great loss of time; and
3d the clips being suspended free and without any attachments, it is impossible
for them to prevent the paper from getting warped "or oblique-warped" at its
suspension points.
With a view to removing this serious drawback and to force the sheets to keep
in a straight line in their suspensions, it is customary in many places to fix them
each between two wooden bars and to span them both in the clips. This method
is practical but takes to much time and is expension for the great number of
such bars being requisite when many thousands of paste-boards have to be hung
up quickly make this method both expensive and slow.
The various draw-backs just mentioned can however be removed by the
construction of the clips and the method of applying them. They must all more
or less offer the following advantages:
a) Disuse of all springs; in the place of them the claws must close automatically
by means of one part of their weight augmented by that of the papers or paste-
board spanned in them.
b) One bar to be used for each paste-board, or if possible none at all, notwith-
standing this the corresponding claws must be made to gripe in one and the same
straight line.
c) The clips must be easily adjustable in their suspension points, to suit the
breadth of the papers or pasteboard to be hung up.
d) The quickest method of spanning in the material to be dried, for which
purpose the clips and their bars must be suspended in rows a little above the heads
of the work-people so that the latter can stand under the clips and shove the
material in the direction it has to be held without their having to handle-for the
sake of saving time-anything else, than the paper or pasteboard itself.
e) An equally quick method of removing the dried material without its being
necessary in this case either to handle or touch anything but the material itself,
which can be done by a special knack on the part of the workmen.

page_text: f) The application of the clips or their bars to frames which can be removed,
after been filled according as needed.
g) A simple and cheap construction of the clips, and of such a kind, that if
need be they can be made in the paper- and paste-board mills themselves and the
old material such as bars worn glazing-sheets etc. can be turned to account.
The demands made on the clips and detailed herein under letters a to g are
fulfilled by the contrivances of the Figs. 1 to 20 illustrated in the accompanying
designs.
In these designs P indicates the paper or pasteboard K the claws, E the frame
of the clip, T the bars, SS the symmetrical axes.
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 represent wooden twin-clips of different sizes on bars, the latter
serving at the same time as butment for the claws and the paste-board etc. when
suspended. By the employment of bars in the mentioned manner the useful
effect of them will be increased, and is likewise seen to operate in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8
and 9.
A simpler oval shape of the claws, as shown in Fig. 2, suffices for paste-boards
that do not differ much in thickness.
But on the other band clips that have to hold sometimes thin pasteboard, and
sometimes thick on must have claws resembling in shape those represented more
exactly in Fig. 1. The griping point varies in these claws on the curve c-c¹; and
- as it approaches the pivot of the claws by bless 61 (see Fig. 1) when holding
thicker material P, the closing angle a. is necessarily smaller and consequently the
spanning gripe is all the firmer, which is very important in the case of thick and
consequently heavy paste-boards.
་
The paper or pasteboard is spanned in by introducing them into the claws from
-below. What occurs then? The adhesion and the weight of the material which
begins to take effect causes almost instantaneously closing. In spanning out or
removing the material the best way is to give the latter a double jerk quick and
short, up and down, which makes the claws spring up at once and the material
becomes free.
Figs. 5 to 11 illustrate clips of different constructions in which the claws are
attached to sheet-metal parts punched out with matrices. The slight differences
existing between these constructions depend on the one hand on the maximum
weight of the paste-board in each case and on the thickness of the metal-sheets to
be used on the other hand. In this manner even very thin waste sheet-metal can
be advantageously utilised in the twofold manner of application shown in Figs. 6
and 7. On the other hand thicker sheet-metal allows, as seen in Figs. 8 to 11, of
arrangements being made in which the claws are provided with a corresponding
saw-cut to act as a hinge and into which the sheet-metal frame catches like a
saddle.
Figs. 10 to 11 illustrate besides the so-called double claw-catch, which seizes in
the same time on both sides the material to be dried; this may be very serviceable
in case of thick heavy pasteboards which are often very loose in themselves. The
manner of fastening the frames of the clips to the bars is a matter of choice in all
these cases, the prevent invention does not deal with that at all and the designs
contain only a few of the many ways of fastening the frames just mentioned.
Fig. 4 and 5 and likewise Figs. 12 to 20 illustrate the further arrangement of
the parts of the claws in long cam-like rows on horizontal rails Q running parallel
to each other and made to be fitted in firmly in some way or other. The distance
between these rails can be altered quickly according to the breadth of the paste-
board that has to be spanned in, and proper attention is paid to the point that
the claws corresponding with each other catch in a straight line.
By means of this arrangement many thousands of bars can be dispensed
with and the time required for adjusting them when the breadth is altered can
be saved.
Figs. 18 and 19 show such a frame in detail with its rails QQ adjustable side-
ways on the girders U U and armed with clip-cams, Figs. 4 and 5 show pieces of

page_text: such clip-cams in wood on a more distinct scale, whilst Figs. 12, 13; 14, 15;
16, 17; and 20 show them in sheet-metal. The arrangements with sheet-metal-
cams, sketched in these figs., differ from each other by reason of the varying
thickness of the sheet-metal and the different ways of applying it resulting there-
from these arrangements are similar to the circular frames already described in
Figs. 7, 8 and 10. Everything else may be seen in the designs themselves, which
without excluding ones constructed of similar points of view illustrate only a few
of the arrangements serviceable, in such cases.
Although owing to the great saving in material and space attained by using clip-
cams of wood or of strips of sheet-metal, drying-lofts can be best utilised, yet never-
theless the same advantages can be attained by using circular clip frames provided
they are alternately fixed on their rails QQ as shown in Fig. 20. To know this, will
be in the interest of those manufacturers who have plenty of waste sheet-metal and
particular small clippings, for they can be turned to good account. The system of
circular frames, which are made quickly and cheaply by means of matrices, is
peculiarly well adapted in such cases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1.) Self-closing clip-claws without springs for hanging up damp papers and paste-
board and made of any kind of suitable material and constructed and shaped in
such a way that thick and consequently heavy pasteboard is automatically spanned
in more firmly than thin and light material substantially as described.
2.) The fastening of self-closing clip-claws without springs by means of suitable
parts to the well-known bars with a view to preserving a straight catch-line and
thus prevent the paste-board from warping-in material to be dried is attained, and
in such a manner that the material itself and not the clips are handled in these
manipulations, where also is essentially that of all parts of the cramps the claws alone
work conjointly with the material to be dried substantially as described.
3.) In the combinations for self-closing springless claws on bars detailed in
claims 1 and 2, the arrangement that in the side-view through the centres of
gravity of clips-frames perpendiculars can always be let fall which are at the same
time symmetrical axes to these parts and to the paper or paste-board spanned in
them substantially as described.
4.) In the combinations detailed in claims 1, 2 and 3 the application of bars to
twin-clips in such a manner that the flanks of the bars can be used as butments to
the claws by which means one bar suffices for several pasteboards at the same time
substantially as described.
5.) The arrangement of self-closing claws without springs in cam-like rows on
horizontal rails Qrunning parallel to each other and made to be fitted in firmly in
some way or other and constructed in such a manner that the distance between
them can be altered quickly according to the breadth of the pasteboard that has
to be spanned in the straight-line, between the claws corresponding with each other,
being preserved at the same time substantially as described,
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent.