CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DRUGGET
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Grundy, of the firm of John and Edmund
Grundy, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Woollen Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
DRUGGET." A communication.
Sealed the 19th January 1855, and dated the 25th July 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Grundy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
July 1854.
I, WILLIAM GRUNDY, of the firm of John and Edmund Grundy, of Bury,
in the County of Lancaster, Woollen Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF DRUGGET," which has been communicated to me by a foreigner residing
abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, in addition to the usual way of manufacturing
drugget, in placing or introducing an extra warp or part of a warp of cotton,
flax, hemp, or any other fibrous substance, &c. underneath the ordinary drugget,
and to keep each thread of this extra warp at such distance as to allow the
upper woollen cloth or drugget to be "milled" as usual, and to any extent

page_text: required, and in such a way that each of the ends of that extra warp will form
a plain cloth after the milling of the whole, and that such extra cotton, &c.,
owing to the weaving, will never mix with the woollen cloth, or interfere with
the finish or its production as either a "raised or common "drugget;" such
improvement effecting the novel manufacture of a "drugget" with a " carpet
back.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Grundy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
GRUNDY, of the firm of John and Edmund Grundy, of Bury, in the County of
Lancaster, Woollen Manufacturer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Grundy, Her especial license that I, the said William Grundy,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Grundy, my exécutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF DRUGGET," which has been communicated to me by a foreigner
residing abroad, upon the condition, amongst others, that I, tho said. William
Grundy, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Grundy, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists, in, addition to the usual way of manufacturing

page_text: "druggets," in placing or introducing an extra warp or part of a wasp of cotton,
flax, hemp, or any other fibrous material or substance, underneath the ordinary
drugget, and to keep each thread of this extra warp at such distance as to
allow the upper woollen cloth or "drugget "to be milled, as usual, and to any
extent required, and in such a way that each of the ends of that extra warp
will form a distinct cloth after the milling of the whole, and also that such
extra cotton or other warp, owing to the weaving, will not mix with the woollen
cloth, or interfere with the finish or its production as either a "raised" or
common drugget;" such improvement effecting the novel manufacture of a
drugget" with a "carpet back," and may be finished, dyed, or printed as
required.
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"
'
In order that this Invention may be the better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawing, made to a scale of about
two inches to the foot, and having on both Figures the same letters of reference
marked on similar parts of the machine.
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Fig. 1 represents a partial sectional elevation of an ordinary power-loom
framing, which is suitably clongated for the support of extra warp beams; and
Fig. 2 exhibits a top view or plan of the same. a represents an extra warp
beam, on which is beamed the warp of cotton, flax, or any other textile material
or materials with which it may be intended to form the "carpet back" of the
drugget" under manufacture; 6 is the warp beam as commonly used; c is
an extra warp beam, which when used, the common warp is divided and
beamed, half on each of the warp beams b and c. The warp on beam c must
be longer than the warp on the beam 6 by about six per cent., and in this case
the warp on the beam c must be passed through the middle heald d. e repre-
sents an extra heald for the warp on the beam a; and f,f, healds as in common
use. 9 is the winding-on or cloth beam. Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrams, illus-
trative of the "tying-up" for two different methods of weaving the "drugget,"
as before mentioned, which will be readily understood by the practical weaver.
In carrying out the weaving of the diagram 4, an extra heddle would be
required, so that the under warp may be divided in two, making in all four
heddles employed.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I
claim the novel application, employment, and use of a warp of cotton, flax,
hemp, or other textile material or materials (not confining myself to any
particular method of interweaving this extra warp), so arranged as to form a
ground or back for "drugets," each warp thread being so placed as to allow

page_text: the upper woollen cloth or "drugget" to be milled as usual, and to any
extent required, and which extra warp shall be so woven in as to form a
distinct cloth or "carpet back." when milled and finished.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Grundy, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
WILLIAM GRUNDY. (L.B.)