Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
We, PRESTON DAVIES, of Spencer House, West Hill Road, Southfields, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, and ALEXANDER Ross, of 98, High Street, Fulham,
in the County of Middlesex, Cycle Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to steam generators of the water-tubular type and it
has for its principal object to so construct the generator that the products of
fuel combustion shall be compelled to follow the whole course that the tubes
take. In this way a very efficient and rapidly-steaming generator is obtained.
Our invention is more especially applicable to generators designed for burning
liquid fuel and the liquid fuel feeder and arrangements employed may advan-
tageously be such as described in the Specifications of the two prior Applications
for Letters Patent Nos. 6703 and 14791 of 1898.
In carrying out our invention we employ a mud-drum or bottom water pocket
and preferably two top drums, one for water and the other for steam. These
two drums are connected to each other and the bottom pocket is connected to
them by down or return tubes. Springing from the bottom pocket are the
elements which extend thence preferably in a zig-zag manner to the top steam
drum. Each element may consist of one tube or a number of tubes. According
to our invention each element, or a group of elements, is or are enclosed in a
flue of refractory material the flue taking the same zig-zag course as the pipes
composing the elements. The products of combustion are thus conducted from
the place of their origin to the point of outlet so that they are kept in close
contact throughout with the pipes of the elements and the length of flue may be
such that the temperature of the issuing products may approximate or be but
very little higher than that of the contents of the generator.
When employing a liquid fuel burner such as described in the said prior
specifications we may feed the fuel at a point near the steam dome and cause
the products of combustion to descend and finally issue at a point near the
bottom pocket.
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page_text: Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators.
We, PRESTON DAVIES, of Spencer House, West Hill Road, Southfields, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, and ALEXANDER Ross, of 98, High Street, Fulham,
in the County of Middlesex, Cycle Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
Our invention, which relates to steam generators of the water-tube type,
has for its object to produce an efficient, economical, inexpensive, compact, and
rapidly-steaming generator.
Our invention consists, first in so constructing the generator that the products
of fuel combustion shall be compelled to follow the whole, or practically the
whole, course that the tubes take; secondly in so constructing the generator that
a more uniform difference of temperature between the products of combustion
and the water in the generator is obtained, and consequently throughout the
system a more uniform interchange of heat is secured, and generally to effect
the improvements hereinafter indicated.
The generator is particularly well adapted for use in conjunction with liquid
fuel, and the liquid fuel feeder and arrangements employed may advantageously
be such as described in the Specifications of the two prior Letters Patent
Nos. 6703 and 14791 of 1898, but it is capable, by modifications if necessary, to
be used with ordinary solid or pulverized fuel.
In the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of our invention,
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of one form of generator, some of
the parts being shown in elevation;
Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof with the casing removed;
Figure 3 is a transverse section, on the line A-B Figure 1, of the flue
its contained tubes m;
Figure 4 is a front elevation with part of the front plate 5 broken away.
Fig. 5 is a partial rear end elevation, and
and
Figure 6 illustrates diagrammatically, and on a smaller scale, a modified form
of generator.
1
Like reference letters and numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout
the drawings.
a is a mud drum or bottom water pocket, and b, c and d are three top steam
and water drums. When three top drums are employed they are connected to
one another. The drawings show the drums b and c provided respectively with
end plates or covers e and f having vertical cylindrical bosses g and h formed
thereon. These bosses are internally screw-threaded and are coupled together
Into the drum c are screwed hollow
by means of externally threaded sleeves.
The pillars are
pillars which make connection with the lower drum a.
clamped, as shown at j, to a frame consisting of upright members k braced
together by ties l.
Springing from the bottom pocket a are the elements which extend thence
preferably in a zig-zag manner to one of the upper drums. The drawings show
each element consisting of a number of tubes_m, the uppermost section of each
element being connected with the drum b. Each section is suitably joined to
the next one. The drawings show these connexions effected through junction
boxes n.
These junction boxes are each provided with openings to receive the
tube-elements and steam and water-tight connexions are made between the
An
sections of tube-elements and the junction boxes in any suitable manner.

page_text: D
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opening, normally closed by a plug o, may be conveniently located in each
junction box to facilitate cleansing and the like. The junction boxes n may be
conveniently supported in plates which are in turn attached to the uprights k
or to some other part of the structure.
According to our invention each tube-element, or a group of tube-elements,
is or are enclosed in a flue q of refractory material, the flue taking the same
course (a zig-zag one in the illustrations given in the drawings) as the tube-
elements. By way of illustration we show the flues y composed of V-shaped
plates with closed sides and lined with refractory or any suitable non-conducting
materials. The said flue is supported by the tiles that form part of the main
framework.
through
i.
The
Thence
The covers e and f of the drums 6 and are provided with ports
which their contents may pass to the hollow pillars or down-comers
bottom drum a has similar covers which likewise have ports u.
Water is fed into one of the top drums, say for instance the one c, preferably
through a heating coil v. After admission to the drum c it passes through the
ports into the down-comers i, whence it reaches the bottom drum a.
it rises through the tube-elements m and finally reaches the drum b. The steam
that is generated passes from the drum b through its port and rises through
an extension of one of the down-comers (see Figure 5) by which it is con-
veyed to the steam drum d. This drum d is similar in construction to those b
and c but it is shown disposed at right angles to them.
At suitable parts the generator may be provided with water walls (see
Figures 2 and 6) which may be composed of a series of tubes a that extend
between headers y. These water walls in the construction shown in Figure 2
form a kind of bye-pass from the main circulation, deriving their supply of
water through the pipes z from the down-comers i and discharging it at a higher
temperature into the drum through the connexions 1 and 2.
Steam is taken from the drum d in any well-known or suitable manner such
for instance as is shown at 3 (Figures 2 and 4) to which part a steam gauge 4
may be attached.
5 (see Figure 4) is a front plate, removably attached to a support 6, enclosing
the front portion of the apparatus and which is provided with means of access
to the combustion chamber 7 and with the necessary connexions for the par-
ticular kind of fuel employed, but the whole of which details are omitted from
the drawings.
It will be understood that usual or requisite fittings, such as a safety valve and
water gauge, but which are not shown in the drawings, would be attached to
the generator at suitable places.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 show the generator as deriving heat from the combustion
of liquid fuel. The liquid fuel feeder 8 projects into the combustion chamber 7,
and when the feeder is of the character referred to in the said Specifications of
the two prior Letters Patent Nos. 6703 and 14791 of 1898, steam is taken from
the generator through one of the pipes 9, but when initially raising steam an
5 initial supply must be derived from an independent source."
Figure 6 shows the generator adapted for use with an ordinary fire-grate 10.
In this form the water is admitted to the system through the pipe as before,
whence it flows through the drum c to the down-comers i from which a part
flows through the connection 2 and some of the tube-elements m whilst the
O remainder flows through the drum a, tubes of the water wall and the remainder
of the tube-elements m all of which tube-elements m deliver their contents to
the drum b.
The products of combustion travel in the direction of the arrows shown in
Figures 1 and 6 and finally escape at. the outlet 11. They are thus confined
5 within the flue q and conducted from the place of their origin to the point of
outlet, in such manner that they are kept in close contact throughout with the
tube-elements and the length of the flue may be such that the temperature of

page_text: the issuing products may approximate, or be but very little higher than, that
of the contents of the generator.
It will be obvious that with the combustion chamber 7 located at the upper
part of the flue, and the arrangement of flue such that the products of com-
bustion are caused to descend to their point of outlet, the most advantageous
form of generator is obtained, since the products of combustion, when hottest,
come into contact with those tube-clements that contain the water at highest tem-
perature, and that as the temperature of the said products of combustion decreases,
the said products come into contact with parts of the tube-elements that con-
tain water of lower temperature. In this manner a more uniform difference of
temperature between the products of combustion and the water in the generator
is obtained, and consequently throughout the system a more uniform interchange
of heat is secured.
The tube-elements may be located in any suitable way within the flue By
way of example in Figures 1 and 3 they are shown interspersed within the
said flue, whilst in Figure 6 they are shown as forming a water wall within the
said flue.
Obviously any number of liquid-fuel feeders may be employed and either
each may have its own flue q or the combustion chambers 7 of all of the said
feeders may merge into one flue that is common to the whole system.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:-
1. A water-tube steam generator so constructed that the products of fuel
combustion are compelled to follow the course that the tube-elements take.
2. A water-tube steam generator so constructed that the products of fuel
combustion are compelled to follow the course that the tube-elements take and
also to descend to their point of outlet so that a more uniform difference of
temperature between the products of combustion and the water in the generator
is obtained.
3. In a water-tube steam generator, the combination, with the upper and lower
drums, of a structure of refractory material forming a flue, and tube-elements
located in such flue.
4. In a water-tube steam generator, the combination, with the upper and lower
drums, of a structure of refractory material forming a flue, tube-elements located
in such flue, and a combustion chamber located at the upper part and an outlet
located at the lower part thereof whereby the products of combustion are com-
pelled to follow the course that the tube-elements take and also to descend to
their point of outlet so that a more uniform difference of temperature between
the products of combustion and the water in the generator is obtained.
5. In a water-tube steam generator, the combination, with the upper and lower
drums, of a structure of refractory material forming a flue, tube-elements located
in such flue, a combustion chamber located at the upper part of the flue, a liquid
fuel feeder projecting into the combustion chamber, and an outlet at the lower
part of the flue whereby the products of combustion are compelled to follow the
course that the tube-elements take and also to descend to their point of outlet
so that a more uniform difference of temperature between the products of com-
bustion and the water in the generator is obtained.
6. The water-tube steam generator constructed substantially as described with
reference to Figures 1 to 5, or to Figure 6, of the accompanying drawings.
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1 1000
A. F. SPOONER,
323, High Holborn, London, Agent for the Applicants.