посил Cooling Liquids, Condensing Steam, and for like Purposes.
Year: 1885

page_text: посил
Cooling Liquids, Condensing Steam, and for like Purposes.:
ог
I, JOSEPH PRICE the younger, of the Brunswick Foundry, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR COOLING
LIQUIDS, CONDENSING STEAM, AND FOR LIKE PURPOSES to be as follows:-
"
This invention relates to apparatus for heating or cooling liquids, condensing
steam, and like purposes.
It has for its main object the further improvement of the apparatus for which
I was granted Letters Patent No. 452 of 1879 and 2308 of 1883, and also of
apparatus of such and similar types but of different construction made by other
persons.
In carrying out my present invention (as applied to a cendenser or feed heater)
I adapt a chamber (preferably of brass) having a diaphragm dividing the same into
two portions. From the opposite sides of the upper portion of the chamber extend
a pair of flattened tubes, advantageously of copper, which are coiled round the
same in a spiral direction until they reach the circumference of the casing of the
apparatus, when they dip down and return to the lower part of the chamber below
the diaphragm in a reverse volute.
The upper part of the chamber is (for a condenser) connected to the steam or
condensed water passage, and the circulating water is arranged to be directed
round the coils.
The lower chamber has an outlet for the condensed water which is sent out cool
by traversing the tubes and chambers.
For a feed heater the upper chamber is connected to the feed exit passage so that
steam, circulating round the tubes or filling part of the casing surrounding them,
shall raise the temperature of the feed water as it makes its way out of the
apparatus through the chambers and coils.
The apparatus can be used of course for cooling.
Several of the elements might be used or, when piled one on the other by being
screwed into one another and secured to a corrugated expansion plate and fitted
in a casing with the necessary connections, form an efficient condenser, cooler, or
heater.
'

page_text: I can place one or more of these elements in vats or tanks to heat liquids by
passing steam or hot air or water through them.
The tubes can be secured in the chamber by brazing or by fitting them in and
dipping the whole in tin or other suitable metal or alloy in a molten state.
I also dispense with the usual feed or circulating pump used in this class of
apparatus and so reduce the cost of same and render its working simpler.
I so combine an ejector with such apparatus as to take the place of the usual
pump. I place the ejector at the highest point of the apparatus or in such a
position that there is no dead space allowed for the formation of vapour and so
destroying the vacuum. The ejector can be formed with the cover of the casing
or it can be bolted thereto. For an ejector without a central spindle I prefer to
make the steam cone also serve as the valve by perforating it and making it work
in a perforated plug. It passes through a gland and can be turned to admit or cut
off the steam.
Where an ejector with a central spindle is used I pass the spindle through a
bridge carried by the nozzle. After adjustment a pin can be put through the
spindle and the lock-nut be used to hold the handle on, or it could be dispensed
with.
I prefer to make one side of the ejector connection curved or sloped so as to give
a helical direction to the body of water.
The ejector draws the circulating or feed water through the chamber, annular
cells, or tubes, whereby the steam is condensed or liquid cooled or heated, as the
case may be.
1883.
E. GARDNER. COLTON, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Of the firm of Popplewell, Colton & Co.,
17 & 18 Southampton Buildings, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating or
Cooling Liquids, Condensing Steam, and for like Purposes.
I JOSEPH PRICE the younger of the Brunswick Foundry, Liverpool in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for heating or cooling liquids condensing
steam and like purposes and has for its main object the further improvement of
the apparatus for which I was granted Letters Patent No. 452 of 1879 and 2308 of
1883 and also apparatus of such and similar types but of different construction
made by other persons.
Referring to the accompanying drawings and to the figures and letters of
reference marked thereon on Sheet 1. Figuro 1 is a vertical (broken) section
partly in elevation of a condenser constructed according to my present invention
the section on line a. a. being taken on line b. b. of Fig. 2 (plan) and the section on
line c. c. being taken on line d. d of Fig. 2. plan. Fig. 2ª is a section on line &-y
of Fig. 2.
On sheet 2. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the lower part of one of my "Bruns-
wick" condensers (Letters Patent No. 2308 of 1883) fitted with a refrigerating coil
constructed in accordance with my present invention.
"
On sheet 3. Fig. 4 is a vertical elevation of a method of "compounding
condensers for evaporation at low temperatures, circulating pumps being replaced
by ejectors in accordance with my present invention, and Fig. 5 is a plan of the
same.
Referring again to Figs. 1 and 2 I adapt a chamber A (advantageously of brass)
having a diaphragm B dividing the same into two portions C. C.
From the opposite sides of the upper portion C of the chamber A extend a pair
(or I may use more than one pair) of flattened tubes D. D¹, advantageously of
copper, which are coiled round the same in a spiral direction until they reach the
circumference of the casing E of the apparatus when they dip down as shewn
and return to the lower part C¹ of the chamber A below the diaphragm B in a
reverse volute.
The upper portion C of the chamber A is for a condenser connected to the steam
or condensed water passage and the circulating water is arranged to be directed
round the coils.
F is the inlet for the circulating water as will be more particularly referred to
in describing the action of the apparatus shewn on Figs. 1 and 2.
The chambers or elements A are shewn fitted one on another by screwing into
each other as at G and the lower chamber connected to a corrugated expansion
plate H by nuts I or otherwise secured to the casing E. enclosing the whole and
through which the circulating water flows entering by inlet F and being ejected
at outlet J as more particularly referred to hereafter.
The lower chamber A has an outlet for the condensed water which is sent out
cool by reason of its having traversed the tubes D. D² and chambers A.

page_text: If used as a feed heater the upper chamber is connected to the feed exit passage
so that steam circulating round or outside the tubes D. D' or filling part of the
casing E surrounding them (and which steam enters by inlet F) shall raise the
temperature of the feed water as it makes its way out of the apparatus or the steam
can be made to pass through the coils the feed water being circulated through the
casing.
The apparatus can be used of course for cooling and Fig. 3 shews it adapted to
my "Brunswick "condenser aforesaid to further cool the condensed water sent out
of the condensing cells as will be apparent on reference to my previous specifica-
tion and as I have shewn in Fig. 3. part of the apparatus shewn in the drawings
accompanying the specification of the Letters Patent 2308 of 1883. I have for the
sake of convenience of reference marked the same letters of reference as those
shown in the said Letters Patent, that is, R is the end plate A' its grooves or
ledges B¹ its flanges holding the condensing cells L forming the closed annular
chambers U. V. X the outlet for condensed steam and b its exit port which
instead of leading to the filter-chamber Q directly is made to enter the upper
portion C of my chamber or element A so that the condensed water issuing
from X. b. may pass into C through tubes D. D¹ to C' and out through port c into
filter chamber Q. the chamber or element A being screwed at G. G. into outlet
boss X and into nozzle d over the filter chainber Q.
The inlet for the circulating water is marked M and may be fitted with the
relief valve as shewn and the water besides circulating as set forth in the said
Letters Patent also circulates freely round the said tubes D. D'.
I have in this drawing marked the corrugated expansion plate H as in Fig. 1.
the nozzle d nipping it between itself and the lower chamber C¹.
Instead of using the elements A fitted in external casings I can place one or
more of them in vats or tanks to heat liquids by passing steam or hot water or air
through them.
The tubes D. D¹ can be secured in the chamber A.by brazing or by fitting them
in and dipping the whole in tin or other suitable metal in a molten state. .
I also dispense with the usual feed or circulating pump used in this class
of apparatus and so reduce the cost of the same and render the working more
simple. I so combine an ejector with such apparatus as to take the place of the
usual pump. I place the ejector at the highest point of the apparatus or in such a
positon that there may be if desired no dead space allowed for the formation of
vapour and so destroying the vacuum or for "compounding" condensers or working
" in series to evaporate at a low temperature and so economize fuel in places
where such is difficult to obtain I may use such ejectors to reduce the degree of
vacuum and as well as drawing water through, draw vapour to pass to the next
condenser for condensing.
"
i
:
In Fig. 1, Sheet 1. I have shewn the ejector arranged at its highest point or so as
not to appreciably allow vapour to form.
K is the steam inlet L is the steam cone perforated at M whereby it serves
also as a valve. It works on a perforated plug N carrying a bridge piece o to
support the central spindle P where used.
The steam cone L passes through a gland and I arrange a lock nut R' at the
end of the extension of the steam cone. L and adapt a pin S to pass through the
central spindle after adjustment and the lock nut R¹ can bold the handle on or be
dispensed with if desired. T is the distributing nozzle and U a set screw holding
saine in position.
In operating the condenser shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 the steam enters the upper
element or chamber A and passes through the volute tubes from one side C
divided by diaphragm B to the other side C¹ and so on through all the elements or
chambers in series. The steam to work the ejector passes through inlet K into the
steam cone L which can be turned by its handle to bring its perforations M
opposite the inlet K to open, or under it to shut off, steam-The spindle P being
previously adjusted by pin S and lock-nut R. The steam now rushes through

page_text: steam cone L and into, distributing nozzle T drawing with it the water from the.
casing. E out through the outlet J thus circulating the cooling, water through the
apparatus. If the ejector is. mounted on top of the apparatus shewn in Fig. 3.
the effect is precisely the same, the only difference being that in Figs 1 and 2. the.
condenser is built up wholly of the elements or chambers A and in Fig. 3. the
elements or chambers A are used' as addenda to the concentric annular cells shewn
in my previous. letters patent.
By sloping or curving one side V¹ of the ejector connection J as shewn in dotted
lines in Fig. 2. and in Fig. 2° a section on line x-y of Fig. 2. I give a Belical' or
retarding direction to the body of water with advantage in circulating the same.
By mounting the ejector so as to leave a partial vacuum (instead of a more
complete vacuum) as in Figs. 4 and 5 I can arrange condensers to evaporate at a
low temperature and' economise fuel as for instance in supplying water for seaport
towns in arid climates or for supplying ships, troops &c. In this case the casing E
is only partly filled with water a lowered boiling power being maintained' by
the ejector, the steam working which draws vapour from the casing rising from
the water and' passes this into the next condensing cell or chamber and so on in
rotation.. A is the steam inlet to all the ejectors B³ B³ B B Being the combined:
steam cones and valves C C C C being the ejector nozzles and connections:
E E E E are four "Brunswick" condensers or other condensers of such or
other suitable type.
As shewn in the plan the pipes D2 D3 D* D° are connected to the ejector con-
nections C3 C4 C5; thus D leads from the casing of condenser E" to the
condensing cell or chamber of condenser E and D³ also leads from the casing of
condenser E to the condensing cell' or chamber E and D' leads from the casing; of
condenser E² to the condensing cell or chamber of condenser E¹.
F is a brine cock, connected to the casings, to be opened' when the water in them
becomes too salt G³ G³ G' G' are feed cocks to be kept always open, they are
connected to a pipe G which leads to a pipe H connected' to the refrigerator
casing K advantageously arranged as previously described with reference to
figures 1. 2 and 3.
Pipes 11 Is I lead from the condensers to a connection J preferably fitted with
gauge glasses which connection leads to the top of the refrigerating chambers, cells
or coils.
L' is the connection to the refrigerator for its circulating water
Mis the filter
O the outlet for the condensed and filtered. water, the outlet from the refrigerator
to the filter is by the lower refrigerating chamber cell or coil leading to the .
filter M.
In working the apparatus the cold water comes in at L' circulates in the
refrigerator casing K¹ passes up pipe H to pipe G¹ through cocks G* G³ G* G³ to
the casings of condensers E E E E while the condensed water from the "multiple
effect" of the condensers passes downwards through pipes I¹ 12 1³ I* through
connection J to the refrigerating chambers, cells or coils thence out through the
filter and outlet O¹,
N' N are bedplates supporting the whole.
If desired I can combine two condensers. only or three, the ejector of one drawing
water through its casing and the ejector of the other or others drawing vapour
from its casing or their casings which vapour is also led by its ejector to combine
with the fresh steam passing through the ejector of the first condenser.
And I can considerably vary the details in "compounding" condensers in con-
nection with my system of ejector combinations in place of pumps.
In any of the arrangements the ejector connections can be in one piece with its
casing or cover or be bolted thereon and though I prefer to use the arrangement of
ejector shewn I do not restrict myself solely to the same.
I am well aware of the employment of a steam jet to inject or cause circulation
of hot water in a heater consisting of corrugated plates with the hot water flowing

page_text: over their surfaces and I do not claim the use of injectors in this specification
for forcing hot water or hot liquids but having now particularly described and
ascertained the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed I declare that what I claim is
First. A cell or element for condensing, cooling or heating, formed by a chamber
divided by a diaphragm, tubes fitting into one portion of the chamber taking a
spiral coil or volute in one direction dipping down and then taking a reverse
spiral coil or volute before entering the chamber on the opposite side of the
diaphragm substantially as described.
Secondly. The construction of condenser, cooler or heater substantially as
described with reference to Figures 1. and 2. of the accompanying drawings formed
by screwing a series of the said cells or elements with their divided chambers and
reverse coils, spirals or volutes into one another, the end cell or element being
connected to a corrugated or like expansion plate or device.
Thirdly. The combination with an annular cell or like condenser of the said cell
or element A or series of the same so constructed as to act as a refrigerator by
passing the condensed water through its reverse coils spirals or volutes D. D¹ and
divided chambers C. C¹ substantially as described with reference to Fig. 3 of the
accompanying drawings.
Fourthly. Fitting an ejector to a condenser for the purpose of dispensing with a
circulating pump substantially as described.
Fifthly. The employment of ejector fittings in combination with the arrangement
of " compounded" condensers substantially as described and illustrated with.
reference to Figs. 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Sixthly. In an ejector for a condenser or like purposes, forming the steam cone
to act also as a valve substantially as described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Seventhly. The arrangement of ejector substantially as described in reference to
Fig. 1. having a bridge piece O to support the central spindle P in combination
with set pin S and lock nut R' or its equivalent for the purposes described.
Eighthly. In an ejector for a condenser and the like, sloping or curving one
side of the ejector connection J in order to impart a helical direction to
the water substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1. 2 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings.