Ar IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BORING INTO THE EARTH
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
TAYLOR, of Furnival's Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS, in consequence of a communication made to be by a certain
Foreigner residing abroad, I am in possession of a new Invention, being "Ar
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BORING INTO THE EARTH;" and whereas Her present
most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent under the Great
Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of
January, in the tenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said James Taylor, Her especial licenso
that I, the said James Taylor, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Taylor, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and
Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad,
the said Invention, in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said James Taylor, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause
the same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the

page_text: said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Taylor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention to consist,--
First, in providing means for the escape of the borings, or particles of bored
earth, from the top of the borer into a receiver, thereby preventing the neces
sity of raising the borer to the surface ground every time that it becomes full
of bored earth; and,
Secondly, in the application of a receiver of any required capacity above the
borer for the borings or particles of bored earth to escape into, as the borer
becomes full or the particles of bored earth accumulate around it. I also
suspend the borer and its receiver in alot gear to prevent concussion, whereby
I am enabled to use much lighter rods for lifting and lowering rods than here-
tofore; but this forms no part of what I claim as my Invention. And in
further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said James Taylor, do hereby
describe the manner in which the said Invention is to be performed, by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing annexed, and
to the figures and letters marked thereon, similar letters being used to denote
similar parts in all the Figures.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents the first part of the said Invention, and is a perspective
elevation of an improved borer, the part below the line a, b, being a borer of
an ordinary construction. Above the line a, b, is an opening or hole h, imme-
diately under the shoulder c of the screwed head d of the borer. This opening,
channel, or hole is cut up through the screwed head of the borer, forming a
passage or channel for the particles of bored earth which accumulate around
the borer, which in this case is not a hollow borer, to escape through the clack
valve e, which is placed at the top of the screwed head d, in order to prevent
the return of the particles of bored earth when they have once passed up
through this passage or channel h.
Figure 2 represents the second part of the said Invention, and is a metal
pipe or tube f, which I generally prefer to be made in lengths of about twelve
feet long, and into the bottom of which the screwed head d of the borer is
screwed, the pipe or tube f forming the receiver above the borer for the
particles of bored earth to escape into through the hole or passage
and valve c. The receiving tube should be a little smaller in diameter
than the boring, and should be of a length to contain the borings of about
one day's labour, but should not be inconveniently long, though, if required,

page_text: it may even extend to the surface, and thus cause the borings to be actually
delivered above ground. The receiver I have here shown is made in two
lengths or pieces, the screwed connecting joint 9 being bored out to continue
the tube or make a passage from one length of tube to the other, and at the
top of the upper length of tube which is here shown at Figure S, there must
always be a vent V; which I make at the upper part of another screwed con-
necting joint or cap placed at the top of the receiver, and shown at Figure 12,
and in section at Figure 18. This vent is to allow the air or water to escape
as the receiver fills with the particles of bored earth. Figure 9 is a section of
Figure 1. Figure 4 is a section of Figure 2, and Figure 5 a section of
Figure 3. Figure 11 a section of Figure 10, and Figure 18 a section of
Figure 12. These sectional views show the passages through the screwed head
of the borer, and the screwed joints connecting the two parts of the receiving
tube and the vent passage in the upper part or cap of the top tube of the
receiver.
Figure 6 shows the slot gear herein-before alluded to, by which concussion
is avoided, as before stated. The length of the receiver being determined, the
top of it or cap must be furnished with a screw, as shewn at k, Figure 18. On
to this screw & the slot gear is screwed by means of the screwed socket m,
Figure 7. The fixed slot rod n which rises from this socket is embraced by
the fork r, p, p, Figure 6, which fork is furnished with the cross-bolt o, o, which
works in the slot rod n.
Figure 7 is an edge view of the fork in section on the top of the fork r. p.p,
is a screw head, on to which I screw the lift rods &, &, which are to reach to
the surface ground in length, as here shown; and the effect of this arrange-
ment is, that I am enabled to use much smaller lift rods (such as stout wires)
than those used on the old plan, the violent concussions when chisselling at
great depths being avoided by the slot rod and fork.
"
Figure 8 shows the borer, the receiver, the slot gear, and the lift rods put
together for boring, and is drawn to the small scale shown on the Drawing, and
broken off at V, W, and X, to show that those parts may be of any length
required.
Now whereas it is evident that the improvement, as regards the hole h, and
the situation of the valves for the escape of the borings, is applicable to the
various kinds of borers now in use, it only being necessary to add to any
ordinary borer the part shown above the line a, b, in Figures 1 and 9, and as
regards the receiver, that it may be of any convenient length or diameter, and
as regards the lift rods, that they may be of any convenient size or strength;
and whereas, therefore, I claim as the Invention aforesaid,―

page_text: First, the passage h and valvo e in the screwed head of the borer for the
escape of the borings into a receiver; and,
Secondly, the application of a receiver, being a hollow tube, taking the place
of a part or the whole of the ordinary lift and boring rod, distinct from the
boring tool, and above the top of the boring tool, to hold the said borings, such
receiver being of any length that may be desired; and such the Invention
being to the best of my knowledge and belief entirely new, and never before
used within that part of Her said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, or in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man,
nor in any of Her said Majesty's Colonies or Plantations abroad, I do
hereby declare this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily
believe this my said Specification doth comply in all respects fully and without
reserve or disguise with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent contained: Wherefore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive
right and privilege to the said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
Enrolled the Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.