New or Improved Process for Weaving and Apparatus to be employed therein.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1897-Accepted, 19th Mar.,
1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Process for Weaving and Apparatus to be
employed therein.
I, HEINRICH OBErheu, of 17, Kleinesteinerne Tischstrasse, Magdeburg, in the
German Empire, Weaver, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in,
and by the following statement:—
ร
The process of weaving forming the subject of this invention consists in
producing a double fabric by the aid of a shuttle changing apparatus, in sucli
manner that the said fabric is woven together at one selvedge only. A fabrio is
thus obtained of double width, which is a material advantage as the loom itself for-
the production of a fabric of any given width may be materially narrower than what.
is usually required.
Assuming that the fabric is produced in a loom with a shuttle drop box the-
process is carried out in the following way :-
Out of four healds the first is raised and the shuttle is driven through the shed
from the side at which the shuttle change box is placed. When the shuttle has-
passed through the first shed and has arrived at the other side of the loom the
second heald is raised whilst the first, third and fourth healds remain down. The
shuttle is again thrown, and when it arrives at the change box side of the loom it
will have drawn in a second weft thread; the two first weft threads are thus
deposited in the upper part of the fabric. The first, second, and third healds are
then raised, whilst the fourth remains down. The shuttle now carries the third
weft thread through, thereby binding together the upper and lower parts of the
fabric at the selvedge on the shuttle-change-box side of the loom, and forming the
first weft thread in the lower part of the fabric. The shuttle is then thrown
again to the shuttle-change-box side of the loom after the first, second and fourth
healds have been raised, the third remaining down, and thereby the second weft
thread (the fourth in the series) is laid in the lower part of the fabric. Each time
the shuttle is thrown from left to right and the second heald is raised, and is then
thrown from right to left when the first, second, and third healds are raised it
connects the upper and lower parts of the fabric together at the shuttle-change-box
side of the loom.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings is shown a loom suitable for carrying
out the above described process, Figure 1 being a side view partly in section,
Figure 2 a front view, Figure 3 a view of the loom as seen from the shuttle-change-
box side, Figure 4 a plan, Figures 5 and 8 detail views of various parts, and
Figure 9 a perspective view of the apparatus for supporting the healds.
The loom shown in the drawings is of the kind known as
under-pick," for
weaving plain fabrics and is provided with a peculiar apparatus for operating the
healds, and also with a peculiar shuttle change gear.
"
On the shaft a is secured an eccentric 6 by means of which a fork c is moved, up
and down. Fixed to this fork c is a lever d which causes a belt of pattern cards e
to oscillate on a pin f. The lower end of the belt of pattern cards is thus caused
to swing forwards and backwards, and in so doing the belt of cards is turned to the

page_text: extent of one card by means of a hook fixed to the machine frame coming into
engagement with a ratchet wheel in the usual well known way. In its backward
movement the card presses a spring-urged pin g backwards if the latter does not
happen to stand opposite a hole in the pattern card presented to it. The lower end
of a bell-crank lever h h¹ takes into a slot g¹ of the pin g, and the end h¹ of this
lever is raised by the backward movement of the pin g. A bell-crank lever / is
caused to oscillate by means of a crank on the shaft a; the upper end of this bell-
crank lever has hinged to it at 13 a rod 11. When the shaft a is turned the rod /¹
moves with its tongue 2 forwards and backwards on the lever h¹ without turning a
star-wheel which for this purpose is connected with a ratchet wheel h³. If,
however, the pin strikes against a part of the pattern card e which is not
perforated and is thereby pushed backwards, the upper end of the bell-crank lever b¹
is raised, and consequently also the free end of the rod in such manner that its
tongue 2 when sliding back effects a partial rotation of the star wheel i by means
of the ratchet wheel h³ connected therewith. The star wheel i is provided with
notches adapted to receive the roller k³ of a lever pivotted at 1; this lever is
connected by a link and lever arrangement 3, 4, 5, to the shuttle-change-
box ko.
"
The position of the star-wheel i determines whether the shuttle-change-box at
the right hand side of the loom, Figures 2, 3, and 4, stands in its upper or lower
⚫position.
The apparatus for operating the healds is constructed in the following manner :-
Each of the healds of which there are four in the arrangement shown in the
drawings, is connected at its upper end with a jointed parallelogram (shewn most
clearly in Figure 9) which consists of two hook rods s connected together by an
intermediate link s¹ which forces the two hook rods to move always parallel to one
:another.
By means of the eccentric sheave or cam n on the shaft m, which latter turns
faster than the shaft a, is raised and lowered a lever o pivotted at o¹, whereby the
..connecting rods o² and the lifter-frame p are moved up and down. This lifter-frame p
has, at the points where the hook rods 8 occur, two cross bars or lifters with
which the hooks s engage and take with them, at the upward movements of the
lifter-frame, the corresponding healds when the hook rods s are pushed to the right
by means of the Jacquard needles or pins r, against the action of the springs s²
which tend constantly to draw the hook rods s away from the bars t.
On the shaft m is also fixed an eccentric p² which is connected with a rod p¹.
This rod p' by its up and down movements actuates a bell-crank lever p³ and
thereby causes a card cylinder q to oscillate which card cylinder is rotated by
means of a pawl q¹ in the well-known manner. According as the needles r come
against solid parts of the card cylinders 9 or opposite to holes therein they will or
will not press the spring urged hook rods s into the path of the lifters t.
By the employment of the jointed parallelogram 88³ the most certain action
possible of the heald operating mechanism is obtained.
At either side of the loom or in any suitable position thereon can be arranged an
apparatus for winding the shuttle spools, see Figure 8. This apparatus consists of
a spool pin tx receiving rotatory motion from a pulley t¹ and held elastically in the
.required position by means of a spring t*.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The new or improved process for weaving, which consists in producing
a double fabric, with the help of a shuttle changing apparatus, in such manner
that the said fabric is only woven together at one selvedge whereby a fabric of
double width is produced, substantially as described.
Second. For the purpose of carrying out the process forming the subject
matter of the first claiming clause hereof, a loom in which the movement of the

page_text: shuttle boxes is effected by means of a connecting rod and lever arrangement k, k³,
k, k, and a star wheel i when the latter is rotated by a hook 12, sliding to and fro
below the same, and brought into engagement with a ratchet wheel connected
therewith, by means of a pattern card e, substantially as described.
Third. In a loom of the kind forming the subject of the second claiming clause
hereof, a heald operating mechanism in which the healds are each connected to a
jointed parallelogram 8, 8¹, the hook rods of which engage with the heald lifting
mechanism simultaneously at both sides thereof, through the intervention of a
Jacquard cylinder 9, substantially as described.