IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING, BENDING, CUTTING, AND JOINING METAL, AND FOR HOLDING OR SECURING METAL TO BE PUNCHED, BENT, CUT, OR OTHERWISE OPERATED ON, PARTS OF WHICH MACHINERY ARE ADAPTED TO PERFORM SOME OF THE OPERATIONS ON OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
PHILLIPS, of Chipping Norton, in the County of Oxford, Surgeon, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Thirtieth day of January, in the first year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Phillips, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Charles Phillips, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Charles Phillips, my exors, admors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY
FOR PUNCHING, BENDING, CUTTING, AND JOINING METAL, AND FOR HOLDING OR
SECURING METAL TO BE PUNCHED, BENT, CUT, OR OTHERWISE OPERATED ON, PARTS
OF WHICH MACHINERY ARE ADAPTED TO PERFORM SOME OF THE OPERATIONS ON OTHER
MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Charles Phillips, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited

page_text: Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Phillips, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed- and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:―
My Invention relates to certain combinations of mechanical parts and
instruments into machines for performing the operations of punching,
bending, cutting, and joining metal, and for holding or securing metal to
be punched, bent, cut, or otherwise operated on, some of such machines
being suitable for performing some of the operations on sheets of pasteboard
and other materials requiring like processes.
And in order to give the best information in my power, I will describe the
various Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING MARKED No. 1.
The machinery shewn in this Drawing is for punching holes in square or
rectangular sheets of thin metal, or sheets of thin metal having straight edges,
but is not suitable for thick plates. Figure 1 is a right-hand end view of the
machine; and Figure 2 is part of a front view thereof partially in section,
a, a, being the bed or table on which the sheet of metal to be punched is
placed and. secured; 16 is a plate fixed at right angles to the bed a, or is
formed in: one:casting with it, in such manner that the fixing or joining, of the
plate bis,. only by its :ends, consequently there is a space under the greater
part of the length of the lower "part of the plate b, through which the sheet
of metal to be perforated can be protruded. In the plate b is formed a parallel,
dovetail groove, in which moves and is guided the plate c, which carries the
axis (and parts connected therewith). of the rotatory punch holder d, as is
clearly shewn in the Drawing, and the nature of the same will readily be
understood by:examining the Drawing. e, e, are two, set screws which pass
through projections at the back of, the plate b; and, when the sheet of metal,
to be punched is correctly in its place, the screws e will bind the bar f on the
same, and cause.it to be securely held. The rotatory punch holder has a series
of punches g. 9, fixed in the periphery, each punch: being of a peculiar form,
larger at the cutting face than the other parts which are not brought into
action; the object of this arrangement is, 'that, on the one hand, the punches
may be of the size required accurately to fill the holes h, formed in the plate

page_text: or die i of that part of the table a; and yet that the punches may clear the
holes of the fixed punching plate in the revolution of the punch holder. A
workman using this machine having placed and secured a sheet of metal, will
cause the sliding plate which carries the axis of the rotatory cutter to slido
along, which will cause the punches successively to come into action; and
such sliding may be performed by hand with a roller and draw chain or cord
conveniently affixed, or where the metal is thin and not,requiring much force,
the workman may have a handle affixed to 'the sliding plate, and draw the
slider and rotatory punch carrier across the machine by the hand, or the
sliding plate may be drawn or forced across the machine by steam' or other
power.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a machine for perforating plates of metal, which
are segments of circles of large diameter, such as are used in the construction
of the crowns of gasometers. Figure 4 is a-left-hand end view thereof, par-
tially in section; Figure 5 is a plan; and Figure 6 shews part of the punching
plate, and the rotatory punch holder on a larger scale. k, k, is the bed of the
machine similar to the bed of a lathe; is a sliding plate which can be set or
fixed in any position of the bed; this plate having an axis which is capable
of revolving, through which the radius rod m passes, such rod being capable of
being held securely within the axis by set screw n, as is clearly shown in this
Drawing. o, o, is a plato affixed to the end of a radius rod; and P -is
another plate which has three set screws q, by which it can be screwed securely
up to the plate o, and hold a sheet of metal between them as a pair of clamps;
and on the under side of the plate o are applied two friction rollers r, r, which
in working run on the track s, which is capable of being slided along the
bed and affixed thereto by 'the set screw t; all which will readily be traced in
the Drawing. vis an axis on which is affixed the circular punching plate-u;
and w is an axis on which is affixed the rotatory punch" holder, such axis
turning in suitable bearings carried by the framing at the right-hand, end of
the machine, the axis. of the punch holder having a cog wheel affixed thereon,
by which motion is communicated to that wheel and its axis, all which will
readily be understood on examining this Drawing. It will thus be seen, that
sheets of metal with edges of portions of large circles will readily be punched,
for the workinan having. fixed the sheet in the clamps, and communicated
motion to the punch holder, he will guide the outer edge of the sheet of metal
between the punch 'holder and punching plate, and the motion of the punch
holder will draw in the plate between the two surfaces, and the punches
will perforate the sheet of metal, the punchics being similar to those 'above
explained.

page_text: my Invention, for bending or turning up the edges of circular plates of
metal.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING No. 2.
-
Figure 1 is a plan of the machine; Figure 2 is a front view; Figure 3 is
a left-hand end view; and Figure 4 is a left-hand end view of the bending
rollers of a machine constructed according to my Invention. In each of these
Figures the same letters indicate similar parts, A, A, being the framing of
the machine; B; B, are a pair of clamps by which the circular plate is held,
and with which it is capable of revolving; these clamps B are capable of
sliding nearer to or further from the bending or folding rollers, according as
the circular plate (to be bent or turned up at the edges) is of a smaller or
larger diameter. The clamps B are similar to those hereafter described for
holding a sheet to be cut into a circular sheet, and the framing which carries
such clamps B, have three graduated scales C, C, C, and sliding guages
thereon with set screws, as is shown in the Drawing. Hence, a circular plate
may be readily centered in the clamps B, and fastened therein by the set
screw, in order that the operation of turning up the edges of the sheets may
be performed; the clamps shown are for flat sheets, but if the circular sheets
have been made concave then the clamps should be concave and convex to
the degree required. D is the under roller by which and the roller E,
the edges of the circular sheet or plate is turned. The nature of such rollers
being clearly shewn in the Drawing, they will readily be understood. The
roller D turns with its axis in the bearing F, and the roller E is affixed on the
axis G, as is shown in the Drawing; and the axis is carried by the lever or
handle H, which moves on a fulcrum at I, thus allowing of the upper roller
being raised out of the way, and the roller E is consequently drawn upwards
by a spring, as shown; but can be brought down to its work by the workman
pressing down the handle H with his left hand, whilst he causes the rollers
to revolve by means of the right hand. The axis of the roller E passes
through the upright J of the framing, there being an opening formed therein
for that purpose. And there is a handle K affixed on the axis of the upper
roller E, by which the workman gives motion to that roller. A workman in
using the machine having centered the circular sheet or plate in the clamps B,
he will press the upper roller down, and will with his right hand give motion
to the upper roller E, which will cause the edge to be turned all round, the
circular plate being progressively drawn between the rollers D, E, by the
revolution of the upper roller E, all which will be evident on examining the
-

page_text: various Figures of the Drawing. I would remark, that the rollers D, E,
may have cog wheels fixed on their axis and take into each other, such cog
wheels being proportioned to the differences of diameters of the rollers, in order
that the surfaces of both may travel with equal speed.
I will now describe another part of my Invention which relates to bending
or turning the edges of cylinders made of thin sheet or plate metal.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING MARKED No. 3.
Figure 1 is a front view of a machine constructed according to this part
of my Invention; Figure 2 is a plan thereof, partly in section; Figure 3 is
an end view of the face plate of the mandril on which the cylinder to be
operated on is to be fixed, the lower base plate being in section; Figure 4 is a
view of so much of the machine as is removed from Figure 3; and Figure 5
shows the parts on a larger scale, by which the cylinder is held on the face
plate of the mandril. A is the base plate or bed of the machine, having a
dovetail groove formed therein to allow of the sliding of the upright B, such
upright B being fastened to the base plate or bed of the machine by the
set screw C, such set screw passing through a slot in the base plate or bed A,
as is clearly shown in the Drawing, there being a graduated guage formed on.
the base plate, as is shown, and a pointer on the lower part or slide of the
upright, as is shown at D, by which the upright B can be set correctly in
respect to the rollers which bend the end of the cylinder and produce a flanch
thereon. In the upright B is formed a dovetail groove in which slides
plate E, which carries the bearings of the mandril or axis F of the plate G
to which the cylinder to be operated on is fixed. And it will be observed that
the plate E can be fixed in any position of the upright B, according to the
larger or smaller diameter of the cylinder to be acted on, there being a
graduated scale and set screw for adjusting the height of the mandril. The
face plate G has two slits cut therein, in which slide the stops I, with set.
screws which can be set in a correct position for holding the cylinder at two.
opposite points; there being a screw J, having one portion a right-hand and.
the other portion a left-hand screw, by which the clamps K can be caused.
to approach each other, in order to hold the cylinder securely between them,
and the stops I, all which is clearly shown in the Drawing. L. is an upright.
which carries the rollers M, N, in the following manner :-M is the lower:
roller having its axis carried by the upright I, and the strap or projecting
bearing screwed to such upright, as is shown in the Drawing; the upper
roller N being carried by the handle or lever O which moves on a fulcrum at

page_text: .P, and is constantly drawn upwards by a spring Q. The roller N is affixed
to the axis R, which is capable of turning in the lever handle O, and in the
bearing.projecting from the upper part of such lever handle, the axis passing
through the upright framing which carries the lever O, there being an opening
in that framing for that purpose; and to the axis R is affixed a handle by
which the workman gives rotatory motion to the rollers, there being a cog
wheel on the axis of each of the rollers which take into each other. A
workman is using this machine having placed a cylinder into the machine
in such manner that a quantity equal to the flanch to be bent or turned
projects beyond the right-hand edge of the lower roller; he will then depress
the lever. O, by which so much of the cylinder as projects beyond the
edgo of lower roller will be forced down by the upper roller, and produce
the commencement of the flanch or bending or turning up of the end of
the cylinder; he will then, by his right hand cause the rollers to revolve,
which will complete the forming of the flange all round. the end of the

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING MARKED NO. 5.
Figure 1 is a plan of a machine constructed according to this part of my
Invention; Figure 2 is a longitudinal section; and Figure 3 an end view of
the machine. a, a, is the table or plate on which the sheet of metal or
pasteboard or other material is to be placed and securely and correctly held
whilst the operation of cutting or shearing is performed; 6 is a graduated bar
which is capable of being affixed to the plate or bed a by the set screw c;
and as there are slots cut or formed in the plate or table a, and also in the
graduated bar 6, in respect to the table, and also to the cutting edge and
rotatory cutter may be varied to suit the cut required to be given to the
sheet of metal or other material placed and affixed on the table; d, d, is a
bridge affixed across the right-hand end of the machine; through this bridge
pass two set screws e, e, which are capable of being moved simultaneously by
the handle f, which is affixed to one of the screws e, and, by means of the
connecting rod or link g, the movement of the handle f is communicated to
the other screw e; the connecting rod 9 being attached to the handle f,
and to an arm affixed to the other screw by pin joints, as is clearly shown
in the Drawing. At the right-hand end of the machine is affixed the plate h
with a projecting flange i, there being two portions of such flange removed
in which the parts ; (to which the straight cutting edge k is affixed) move
and are guided; for it will be seen that the straight cutting edge k is connected
to the guide plate 1 by the parts j, the guide plate and the straight edge
forming one piece when fixed or bolted together, and the straight edge k at
its under part is faced with steel to form the fixed cutting surface. And at
the same time the under edge of the straight edge acts as a clamp to hold
down the sheet of metal or other material to be cut by the passing along of
the rotatory cutter, as will be hereafter explained. In the guide plate l is
formed a parallel dovetailed groove in which slides the plate m, which carries
the rotatory cutter, the nature of which and its mode of combination' with the
plate m are clearly shown in the Drawing, and will readily be understood by
an examination of the various Figures now under description. The plate or
guide being securely held to its place by screws n passing through slots
found in the plate h, there being slots cut or formed in the plate h to allow of
the guide plate being raised and lowered. o is a spring by which the guide
plate and straight edge are pressed upwards when released by the set screws
through the bridge. In using this machine, supposing it to be desired to
square a sheet of metal, the graduated bar is correctly fixed in the position
shown in the Drawing, and the workman places the sheet on the table a
in such manner that a straight edge of the sheet of metal rests against

page_text: the graduated bar, and the portion desired to be cut off is to protrude beyond
the outer edge of the straight edge, the workman then screws down the
straight edge by the screws through the bridge, by which means the sheet of
metal to be cut will be securely and correctly held between the flange i and
the straight fixed cutting edge; the workman will then draw the rotatory
cutter towards him, by which means he will cut off the metal which protrudes
beyond the straight cutting edge. And it should be stated, that in cutting
thick metal, the machine is to be so arranged that the rotatory cutter may
be drawn or forced across the machine by power.
I will now describe a machine for cutting out circular sheets or plates of
metal, or it may be pasteboard or other material, and it consists of a machine
for suitably holding and cutting, as hereafter explained,
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING MARKED No. 6.
a, a, is the framing of the machine, the nature of which will readily be
traced in the Drawing; b, b, are two circular plates of iron or other suitable
material, having each an axis c, d, affixed thereto; the axis c being fixed to the
upper plate b, and the axis d is fixed to the lower plate b, as is shewn in the
Drawings, particularly at Figure 4, where these parts are shown separately,
and on a large scale than the like parts are shown in the other Figures.
These are what I call the revolving clamps, for they hold a sheet of metal
securely in the position required to be cut, and revolve with the metal as the
revolving cutters cut the edges of the metal away, and in cutting, the cutters
draw the metal to them, as will be better understood when I come to describe
the machine in action. These clamps 6, 6, work in sockets e, f, which are
carried by the part of the framing a', a', as is clearly shown in the Drawing,
the axis c being in the socket e, and the axis d being in the socket f; and in
these sockets.there are plugs g, one in each socket, which are regulated, in
respect to their correct position, by means of the adjusting screws h, which
passes into the socket f, as will be clearly seen in Figure 3, where the machine
is taken from the left-hand end, and also in Figure 1, where the view is from
the front of the machine, and in the position the workman stands to his work.
The machine being placed on a suitable bench, the set or adjusting screw h,
(shown by dotted lines in both those Figures), and the clamp 6 caused to press
together, they will hold the sheet of metal between them by means of the
screw i, which has a suitable handle for the workman, when he has placed
in the sheet of metal, to turn the screw, and cause the clamps to press
the metal between them with sufficient holding that the sheet of metal
shall not be drawn therefrom by the act of cutting by the rotatory cutters,

page_text: m, n,
which I will now describe. a³, a³, is the framing, which carry suitable bear-
ings for the axes of the rotatory cutters, as is clearly shown in the Drawing;
jj, are the rotatory cutters, which I prefer to be of cast steel, of the figure or
shape shown in the Drawing. These cutters are affixed on the axes k, k,
which axes have each a cog wheel affixed thereto, which, taking into each
other, drive the cutters j, j, with equal speed; and is a cranked handle
affixed on the lower axis k, by which the workman turns the cutters.
are two plates affixed in the machine, the nature of each of which is clearly
shown in the Drawing at Figures 1, 2, and 3, and in Figure 2, by dotted
lines. The object of applying such plates is to prevent the metal, as it is cut
off, clogging the machine. It will be seen that the part of the framing a¹, a¹,
which carries the clamps 6, 6, is capable of being slided to and from the rota-
tory cutters, and of being set at any desired position, in respect to those
cutters, by the screw o passing through the strap p, and there is a graduated
plate q formed or affixed on the upper surface of the frame a; and further,
there is a pointer r, on the sliding part of the framing a', which indicates
when the clamps are at the required position, in respect to the rotatory cutters,
to cut a circle of the required diameter. The Drawing shews the machine on
a scale of four inches to a foot, and the graduated scale q shews the divisions
suitable for indicating the diameter desired. Thus the pointer r now points
to something more than eleven inches, which would be the diameter of a plate
cut with the machine, with the parts in their present position, and the red lines
indicate a sheet or plate of tin or other metal in the machine, in order to its
being cut; and supposing it be desired to cut a larger diameter than that
shewn, the workman would slide the clamp b, by its framing a', further from
the rotatory cutters till the indicator or pointer r comes opposite the diameter
required on the graduated scale q. He would then fix the framing a¹ to the
framing a by the set screws, as above explained. s is another granulated
scale affixed to the framing a', which enables the workman correctly to place
a sheet of metal to be cut with as little waste as possible, all which will
readily be traced in the Drawing; and a workman using the machine having
placed the parts a' in the position required in the frame a, and in such
manner that the exact diameter is pointed to by the indicator r, he may then
successively cut a number of sheets of metal into circular sheets of the
diameter to which the machine is set, and he may, where the sheets are thin,
cut more than one sheet at a time; and he accomplishes the fixing and
cutting in the following manner:-He takes a sheet of metal, such as tin;
with the left hand he places it in between the clamps 6, the top screw having
been turned back to allow of the same; and as the edge of one of the clamps

page_text: b is bevelled off, he will readily direct the metal between the clamps, and he
draws one side of the plate till it just overlaps the proper graduation of the
scale s, and that another side of the plate bears against the upper rotatory
cutter, as is shown in the Drawing; he will then screw the clamps together,
and will cause the rotatory cutters to revolve, by which means the metal will
be cut; and, in the act of cutting, the sheet of metal will be drawn to the
cutters till a complete circle has been performed, when the circular plate is to
be removed, and a fresh sheet of metal requiring to be cut is to be put into the
machine. And I would remark, that in case the machine is intended to cut
sections of large circles, such as are used for the crowns of gasometers, in
place of the clamps 6 revolving a whole circle, they will be made similar to
the clamps above described in the punching machine, with a radius bar, the
length of which, from its working point or axis, may be varied according to
the length of radius of the required segments of circles.
I have above described a machine for turning up the edges of circular
sheets or plates, and I have also described a machine for turning over the
edges of the ends of cylinders; I will now describe a machine for joining
or combining a cylinder with a circular sheet of metal which have been
operated on as above explained, in order to produce a vessel such as a
saucepan.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING MARKED No. 7.
Figure 1 is a front view of a machine constructed according to my Inven-
tion; Figure 2 is a right-hand end view; and Figure 3 shews the nature of the
rollers employed, and the manner of fixing and adjusting the same, in order
'to receive the thickness of the folded plates constituting the cylinder and the
bottom thereof, as hereafter explained. Figure 4 shews the section of a
cylinder with its end turned up or formed into a flanch within a circular plate,
the outer circumference of which has been turned up, as above explained;
and the first operation to combine these parts together is as follows:-The
workman, by means of a hammer or other instrument, bends down a small
portion of the edge of the circular plate which is to constitute the bottom of
the vessel, in two or three places, in such manner as to prevent the bottom
falling off. It will then be properly prepared for the machine now under
description. A, A, is the framing, the nature of which is clearly shewn; B is
an axis turning in suitable bearings at C, C, as is shewn in the Drawing. D
is another axis having two universal joints E, by which the axis D will allow
of being raised up out of the way, which it constantly is by the spring E¹,
when not acted on by the workman. The left-hand end of the axis D turns in

page_text: suitable bearings at F, and the right-hand end of the axis D turns in bearings
carried by the lever handle G, which is similar to other lever handles above
described, and is clearly shewn in the Drawing, the axis D having a handle
by which the workman gives motion to the rollers which operate in producing
the folding down of the circular plate on to the flange of the cylinder. On
the axes B, D, are two cog wheels which take into each other, and thus the
two axes B, D, are caused to move together, the cog wheels being of suitable
diameter in respect to each other, in order that the surfaces of the rollers may
work at equal speeds. H is the lower roller affixed on the axis D, all which
is clearly shewn in the Drawing; and it will be seen that the upper roller I
is composed of two parts, I'¹ being a circular roller which moves on the peri-
phery of the lower roller at I, which is another roller of a larger diameter
than the roller I; and there is a space between these rollers I and I³ suit-
able for receiving the flanch of the cylinder above described, and the portion
of the edge of the circular plate which has been folded down by the work-
man, as above explained; and the enlarged views of these parts clearly shew
how the parts I and I are combined together on their axis; and the space
between the rollers I¹ and I may be adjusted to a greater or less distance
apart, to allow of working with varied thicknesses of metal; or, in place of
having the roller I of two parts, it may be a single roller with two diameters
like I' and I³, and a space turned out between them for receiving the bended
or folded parts: which arrangement or construction of the roller I will not
however so well allow of the same roller being employed where there is
varying thicknesses of metal to be operated on. A workman in using this
machine will take a cylinder with a bottom partially fastened thereto, as above
explained, and having placed it on the roller H in such manner that one of
the portions folded down by the workman lies directly on the top of that
roller, and in such a position that the folded part will enter into the space
left or formed between the rollers I', I', when the upper roller is lowered down
by the lever handle, consequently that portion which is folded, and enters the
space between the rollers I, I, may be said to be the commencement of the
folding down of the edge of the circular plate or bottom on to the flanch at
the end of the cylinder, and, causing the rollers I and H to revolve, will com-
plete the folding, and produce the vessel Figure 5. The vessel being thus
far formed by the joining of the parts, the workman will next, by means of a
hammer or other suitable means, bend the flanch a for a short length, so that
it will be against the cylinder and the machine above described as suitable
for completing the operation; for it will be evident that, if the cylinder be
again put on the roller II in such manner that that part which has been further
bended by the workman lies at the upper surface of the bringing down of the
•

page_text: roller I, will press the folded or combined parts together, and by causing the
rollers I, H, to revolve, the folding down of the flange and parts thereon will
be completed, and a joining of the parts finished, as seen at Fig. 6.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
combining the mechanical parts and instruments into machines, I would
remark, that I lay no claim to any of the parts separately, and the ar-
.rangement and construction of the parts may in some degree vary. I do
not, therefore, confine myself to the precise arrangement shown and described,
provided the general character and principle of my improvements be retained;
and I would have it understood that what I claim as my Invention is,-
First, the mode of combining the parts shown in Drawing No. 1 for
.holding and punching sheets of thin metal having straight edges, as above
.described.
Secondly, I claim the mode of combining the parts, also shown in Drawing
No.1, for holding and punching sheets of thin metal in the segments of circles,
as above described.
Thirdly, I claim the application of the clamp B for holding sheets of metal
to be bent or similarly operated on, and also combining therewith the suitable
rollers for bending the edges of circular sheets of metal, as described in respect
to Drawing No. 2.
Fourthly, I claim the mode of combining the parts into a machine for
bending the ends of cylinders, and producing flanges thereon, as above
described in respect to Drawing No. 8.
Fifthly, I claim the mode of combining the parts into a machine for bend-
ing straight edges of sheets of metal, as described in respect. to part of the
Drawing No. 4.
Sixthly, I claim the mode of combining the parts into a machine for shear-
ing or cutting straight edges of sheets of metal, or other material, whereby a
circular cutter traverses a straight cutting edge, as above described in respect
to Drawing No. 4.
Seventhly, I claim the application of the clamps 6 for holding sheets of metal
to be cut, and combining therewith rotatory cutters, as described in respect to
Drawing No. 5.
Eighthly, I claim the modes of constructing the roller I, and combining into
a machine for joining the bended parts, as above described in respect to the
Drawing No. 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Phillips, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.
CHARLES (L.S.) PHILLIPS.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of July,
in the year of our Lord 1888, the aforesaid Charles Phillips came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci-
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in
form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and thirty-eight.