A NEW OR IMPROVED PREPARATION OR PREPARATIONS OF CERTAIN SUBSTANCES FOR MAKING VARIOUS GLUTINOUS COMPOUNDS
Year: 1847

page_text: STEVENS' SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
STEVENS, of 2, Queen's Terrace, Saint John's Wood, in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of May (One thousand eight hundred
and forty-seven), in the tenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs,
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Stevens, my exors,
adiors, and assigns, Her special licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Alfred Stevens, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said Alfred Stevens, my exors, adiñors, and assigns,
should at any time agree with and appoint, and no others, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of Her Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Islands of Guernsey,
Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, my Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED PREPARATION OR
PREPARATIONS OF CERTAIN SUBSTANCES FOR MAKING VARIOUS GLUTINOUS COMPOUNDS ;"
in which Letters Patent is contained the proviso, that I, the said Alfred
Stevens, shall particularly describe and ascertain the naturo of said Invention,
and manner in which the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled in Her

page_text: Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereto had,, will fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with said proviso, I, the said
Alfred Stevens, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by this present Specification thereof, that is to say :—
My Invention consists in and has reference to a new or improved prepa-
ration or preparations of certain substances possessing glutinous and edible
properties, such as those commonly known by the names of calves' feet, cow
heel, sheeps' trotters, or any other substances possessing similar properties,
together with certain other substances, herein-after mentioned, such new
preparation or preparations being for the purpose of producing in a rapid and
beneficial manner various glutinous compounds, such as those usually termed
jelly, blanc mange, and lozenges, which new preparation or preparations is
or are made and composed in the particular proportions and under the
particular circumstances herein-after set forth and described.
For the preparation suitable for jelly I adopt the following process:―
I take calves' feet, or should calves' feet not be obtainable, cow heel, sheeps'
trotters, or other substances of a similar kind possessing glutinous and edible
properties, and proceed as is now usually practised to make jelly, by placing
them in a seething pot or boiler of ordinary character, adding thereto sufficient
water to boil them with, which is usually so much as will cover the amount of
the aforesaid substances deposited in such seething pot or boiler. I then place
the said pot or boiler upon a fire, and allow the contents to boil for such a
length of time that the glutinous propertics of the aforesaid substances shall
be entirely extracted, which will generally ensue in about six or seven hours,
the degree of heat applied not exceeding the usual boiling point, taking care
to skim off any oily substance that may rise to the top. I then strain the.
liquor off from the pot or boiler into any suitable vessel or vessels, where I
allow it to remain until cold; I then proceed to clarify the composition, by
adding thereto the substances, hereafter mentioned, in the proportions of the
whites of from one hundred to two hundred eggs (according to quality, as I
sometimes find one hundred sufficient, and at other times two hundred are s
required for the complete clarification of this composition); to this I add three
or four ounces of lemon juice, or instead of lemon juice one ounce of acetic
acid, or pyroligneous acid or one ounce of citric acid in a dry state; any other
acid of an innocuous character will, however, answer the purpose, though I

page_text: give the preference to lemon juice. I further add about four pounds of lemon
peel, in, the proportion of the aforesaid quantities of the above-mentioned
substances to each and every twelve gallons of the firstly-described glutinous
composition. I now run this preparation through a bag or sieve, and a
beautifully bright jelly is the result. If this jelly be too thin I proceed to
thicken it by evaporation, which I do by placing it in ordinary evaporating-
pans and placing them in a water bath until sufficiently thick to pour out
dry. But this process may be varied according to the character of the
weather, taking care to leave the preparation without moisture, or as nearly so
as may be.. I now remove this preparation to the drying oven, for which
purpose an ordinary bakers' drying, oven or domestic oven may be used;
here I allow it to remain from three to seven days, keeping the oven at a
temperature of one hundred degrees Fahrenheit, or thereabouts, when the
preparation will be fit to reduce to powder, which I effect by pounding it
down with a pestle and mortar and afterwards grinding in a mill. When
sufficiently comminuted I mix about twenty pounds of this composition .or
preparation with about thirty-four pounds of loaf sugar, pounded fine, and as
much more acid in a dry state as may be required, and bottle it off for use.
For the preparation for blanc mange I proceed as in the former case, by
taking calves' feet, or other the substances herein-before mentioned, boiling
them down, then permitting them to cool, and removing the oleaginous
portion thereof, according to the method before recited. In this case, however,
instead of using for the clarification of the preparation the whites of eggs,.
acid, and lemon peel, I here use to every twelve gallons of the jelly the whites.
of about thirty eggs, as before, without any acid, but a small quantity of lemon.
peel, and in order to give it a flavor of almonds, add to it an almond water,.
nade by taking bitter almonds blanched, pounding them with a pestle and
mortar, using about twelve ounces of bitter almonds and twenty-four ounces
of sweet almonds to every twelve gallons. I then dry this preparation in an
oven and reduce it to powder, as before described and set forth in regard to
the preparation for jelly, afterwards adding to twenty pounds of it twenty
pounds of loaf sugar, pounded fine, with essence of almonds, or other flavoring,
if desired, and bottle it off for use. In order to produce blanc mange ready
for the table it is only necessary to add milk, and it is to be remarked that
four and a half ounces of this preparation with a quart of boiling milk will
make a quart of that glutinous compound, and that six or seven ounces,
according to the temperature of the weather, of the preparation herein-before
described for jelly, will, with three or four glasses of white wine and a pint and
a half of boiling water, make a quart of that glutinous compound.

page_text: For the preparation of lozenges I proceed in all respects in the same
manner as firstly herein-before described with regard to the preparation for
jelly, except that the composition is evaporated until it reaches to a proper
consistency. I now add flavoring, such as commonly made use of by lozenge
makers, also loaf sugar, well. pounded, and then form the substance into
lozenges in the usual way.
"Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I do
not claim the particular method or methods for producing the said preparation
or preparations except in so far as they subserve the purposes of my Invention,
which I declare to consist in, and I claim, the production of a new preparation
or preparations of certain substances before mentioned and described in a
clarified, dry, and powdered state, so that it or they remain in a comminuted
state, may readily be available for making various glutinous compounds before
adverted to in an expeditious and beneficial manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Stevens, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.
ALFRED (L.B.) STEVENS.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Alfred Stevens came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven.