IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKE CONSUMING FURNACES
Year: 1886

page_text: I HERMANN RÖSIOKE, trading under the style or firm of "H. Rösicke" of 13 &
14 Hedemann Str., in the City of Berlin, Prussia, Germany, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKE CONSUMING
FURNACES "and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in smokeless or smoke consuming
furnaces for obtaining a reduction of the smoke caused by imperfect combustion.
It is a well known fact that when a furnace is in operation and a charge of fresh
coal is spread over the surface of the fire a considerable loss of heat and extensive
formation of smoke is created the cause of which is that the production of gas from
the fresh charge of coal is excessive and a quantity of fresh hot air sufficient to
produce the consumption of the said gases cannot be introduced consequently in a
rationally constructed furnace the gas contained in the coal must be gradually
given free.
It is furthermore well known that when a thin loose layer of coal in an
advanced stage of combustion is spread over the grate the same will allow a much
larger quantity of cold air to pass through than is necessary for an energetic
consumption consequently a very large quantity of heat is lost thus making it
necessary to limit the supply of fresh air to the grate.
Careful study and numerous experiments to avoid these disadvantages led
eventually to the invention of the improved furnace represented in the accom-
panying drawings the object of which is to produce a rational utilization of the
fuel and thus reduce the amount of smoke produced to a minimum.
The ash pit beneath the furnace grate is so divided into compartments by means
of suitable partitions that the air supply to the different parts of the grate is
isolated and made adjustable.
The furnace door is so arranged that air can be admitted direct to the fire thus
allowing an upper air supply above the fuel. Of the various furnace constructions
to which my improvements can be applied I have for instance in Fig. 1 of the
accompanying drawings shown the application of the same to a Cornwall boiler
whereby a grate is divided into two parts only and with both air supplies from the
[Price 8d.1

page_text: front of the voner so that the same can be ready regulated. A sman space in
the lower part of the ash pit is so separated off by a horizontal plate that the same
serves as air supply canal for the rear part of the grate.
The vertical partition in the ash pit is composed of a suitable flap which can be
raised and held up so as to enable the ashes to be removed-The regulating device
for the air supply to the front and rear part of the grate consists of a flap door
provided with suitable regulating devices, the door to the front part of the grate
for instance being operated by means of a screw and the door to the rear by a
suitable rack or toothed rod.
The air supply through the furnace door is regulated by means of an appropriate
screw.
Figure 2 represents my invention applied to a similar boiler and also with the
grate divided only into two compartments the one air supply being arranged at the
front the other at the rear end of the boiler, the latter being formed of an iron
tube or pipe running through the consumption chamber to the exterior of the
boiler where the said tube or pipe is provided with a suitable flap.
Figures 3 and 4 represent my invention in its application to a boiler with lower
or forward furnace, one air supply being from the forward end of the boiler the
other from the side and formed by means of a canal in the masonry to the port of
which a suitable regulating slide is arranged.
This furnace is constructed for periodical stoking and is cut off automatically on
opening the furnace door by means of a suitable flap or damper arranged in the
smoke flue which is automatically opened as soon as the furnace door is closed.
The space left free by the damper or flap can be regulated at will. One of the
various arrangements on this system as shown in Fig. 3 and 4 consists in con-
necting the furnace door with the lever of the flap or dainper by means of a chain,
wire and suitable pullies.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the furnace of a Cornwall boiler with
my improvements.
Figure 2 is a like section with modified arrangement of the air feed to the rear
part of the grate.
Figure 3 is the longitudinal section of a boiler with the furnace located beneath
the same and lateral air supply.
Figure 4 is a part horizontal section of Figure 3.
The grate as represented in Figure 2 is composed of two parts of which the
forward part a receives its supply of air from the space or compartment b which
can be partly or entirely closed so as to vary or cut off the air feed by means of an
adjustable door c arranged to turn around the hinge c¹. The rear part d of the
grate receives its supply of air from the space or compartment e which is supplied
with air through the canal f running through the lower part of the compartment
or chambers b, e, and being separated from the same by a plate g. The chambers
or compartments b, e, are separated from each other means of an iron flap h
which moves around the hinge or point and can be raised by means of the rod k in
order to allow the ashes to be removed from the compartment or chamber e.
.
The forward opening or port of the canal fis provided with an adjustable flap
so as to be able to regulate the air feed beneath the grate d and for a like purpose
the furnace door is made adjustable so as to regulate the air supply to the space m.
The air supply to the forward part a of the grate (Fig. 2) is regulated in like
manner as above described but the lower canal under the compartments b and e, is
replaced by an air canal from the rear end of the furnace consisting of an iron
tube or pipe o or a suitable canal leading into the chamber or compartment 6.
The air inlet port is provided with an adjustable flap for regulating the air
supply and in employing this system the advantage attained that the air supplied
to the grate is forewarmed or heated before coming in contact with the fuel as the
pipe or canal o runs for almost its entire length through the fire canal.
In the modification represented in Fig. 3 and 4 where the furnace is located
beneath the boiler the air is fed to the rear grate by means of a lateral canal q

page_text: masonry anu reading Immediavery Into the chamber or
compartment e.
The opening in the masonry or the inlet port is provided with a regulating
slider which can however be replaced by a flap of like construction as mentioned
above or other suitable appliance-In order to prevent the cool atmospheric air
from rushing in and thus cooling down the boiler when the furnace door is opened
a chain or its equivalent s is attached to the door n, runs over two or more rolls or
pulliest and is connected to a lever u which operates a damper or flap in the
smoke canal w so that when the furnace door is opened the damper or flap is closed
or partly closed and vice versa or the connection between furnace door and damper
can be effected in other appropriate manner. If desired the canal q can instead of
running from the ashpit to the side of the furnace be led out at the front or forward
end of the masonry as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 4 and the grate and
ashpit be divided into more than two parts without departing from the tenor of
my invention.
As a rule in cases where ordinary stokers are employed the furnace ash pit and
air canal doors or flaps are marked according to the result of a trial and then
fixed.
In stoking the fire the coal from the forward grate is pushed onto the rear grate,
the slag removed as usual and a fresh charge of coal piled up on the front or
foremost grate. The air supply to the rear grate is so small that it only keeps
up the combustion whereas plenty of air is fed to the front grate according to
requirements as the gasification of the said coal depends on the quantity of air fed
to the furnace.
So much air is fed to the fire through the furnace door that only a yellowish
vapour escapes from the chimney.
According to my invention the quantity of air requisite. for the consumption of
the gases from the fresh charge of coal is mixed with the same on the generation
of the said gases so that this mixture of gas and air is ignited in passing over the
glowing coal in the rear grate and thus a very intensive heat produced and besides
this my invention possesses the important advantage that it can be applied to
furnaces of almost all descriptions at small expense as it is not dependent on
any special furnace construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In smokeless or smoke consuming furnaces ;-
1. The combination of the grate a d composed of two or more parts with the
chambers or compartments be for supplying air to the fuel on the said grate a d
the said compartments or chambers be being separated from each other by a
movable flap or partition h substantially as described in the foregoing specification
and shown in the accompanying drawings.
2. The combination of the air chamber or compartment 6 provided with a
movable flap or slide with the air compartment or chamber which receives its
supply of air from a canal ƒ formed at the bottom of the said chambers or com-
partments be the said canal f being provided with a suitable adjustable flap, door
or slide substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shown in the-
accompanying drawings.
3. The combination of the air chamber or compartment 6 the same being pro-
vided with an adjustable flap or slide with the chamber or compartment e which
receives its supply of air from the rear end of the furnace by means of a tube pipe
or canal o provided with an appropriate slide for regulating the air supply to the
rear grate substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shown in
the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination of the chamber 6 the air supply to the same being regulated
in appropriate manner as aforesaid with the chamber or compartment e which is

page_text: separated from the chamber or compartment b by means of the movable flap or
door the said chamber or compartment e being supplied with air through a
Interal canal q formed in the masonry of the furnace the inlet port to which can
be regulated by means of an appropriate slide substantially as described in the
foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.
5. The combination of the chambers or compartments b and e with the fire or
combustion space or chamber m the door of which is formed as flap substantially
as described in the foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
6. The combination of the adjustable furnace door n with the flap v in the smoke
canal w which are connected in suitable manner so that when the furnace door is
opened the flap or damper is closed and vice versa substantially as described in the
foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 1st day of February 1886.
Witnesses,
ANTHONY STEFFEN.
ARTHUR BAERMANN.
HERMANN RÖSICKE.