CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDSTEADS, COUCHES, CHAIRS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF FURNITURE
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I EDMUND
PACE, of the firm of "Tylor and Pace," of Queen Street, in the City of
London, Iron Bedstead Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-first day of
January, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, in the fourteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edmund Pace, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her especial license,
full power, sole privilege and authority that I, the said Edmund Pace, my
exors, admiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edmund Pace, my
exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDSTEADS, COUCHES, CHAIRS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF
FURNITURE;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Edmund Pace, shall cause a particular description of the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery, within six calendar months next and

page_text: immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edmund Pace, hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-
tained in and by the present Specification thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
Firstly, my Invention has relation to the frames of bedsteads, couches,
chairs, and other like articles of furniture, and consists in forming the rails of
the same of sheet iron or other suitable metal drawn in angular or other forms
required by passing the iron or other metal while in a cold state through or
between dies or rollers shaped to produce the said forms, whereby great
strength, combined with great, lightness, are attained in such articles of
furniture. Figure 1 is an exemplification of a rail of this description.
Secondly, my Invention consists in an improved mode of constructing the
joints by which the rails of bedsteads, couches, and chairs are connected
together and to the pillars or legs. This mode is more especially applicable to
such articles of furniture when made of iron or other metal, but may also
with great advantage be employed for joining the same parts of these
articles of furniture when made of wood. Figure 1ª is an elevation, and
Figure 2a plan, of a joint or connection formed according to this part of
my Invention. A is the pillar of the bed (in the case of couches. or chairs it
would be the leg). B, B, are the rails, a cross section of which somewhat
resembles in form the bars generally denominated "angle iron," but they may
be of a shape, or of any other form suitable for the intended purpose.
C and D are two connecting pieces, each of which is bent so as to form a knee,
the one
limb of which is at right angles to the other, but immediately at the
angle they are curved or recessed in the manner particularly shewn by
Figure 3. These curved parts may be of a circular or any other shape, and
should be just of sufficient size to grasp the bed pillar or leg of the couch or
chair. After the connecting pieces C and D. have been rivetted together, two
pieces G, G, are punched out from their upper edge, and two other pieces F, F,
indicated by the dotted lines shewn in the perspective, view, Figure 4, are cut
away from the two ends. The pieces which have been so punched out of the
edges and cut away from the ends of the connecting pieces C and D, are then
laid upon the inside of the rail in the positions indicated by Figure 5 (which
is an elevation of the end of a rail shewing the inside of it), and secured in

page_text: Third, I claim the method of forming the laths for beds, couches, chairs,
and other seats, as represented in Figure 7, and also in the two several modi-
fications of the same, shewn in Figures 8 and 9, and 10, and 11 and before
described.
And fourth, I claim the method of constructing the rails of bedsteads and
cots, as represented in Figures 12, 13, and 14, as before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Pace, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.
EDMUND (L.s.) PACE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-first day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1851, the aforesaid Edmund Pace, came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one.

page_text: parts A and B, which are connected together by two rivets a, a, which are
fixed into A and pass through slots b, b, formed in B. The rivets are, however,
left sufficiently clear in the slots to admit of the two parts of the lath sliding
a short distance back and forward upon or over each other, but at the same
time keeps them from separating; C is a helical spring, which is wound around
the two portions of the lath where they overlap each other. The ends of the
helical spring abut against the rivets, and are made to exert considerable
force against them, thereby having a tendency to shorten the lath and so
render it adjustable to different lengths within the limits of the range of the
spring.
"
Figures 10 (an elevation) and 11 (a plan) exhibit a modification of the
lath last described, the difference being that the spring instead of being wound
about the two overlapping ends of the lath is placed between them.
Fourthly, my Invention consists of an improved mode of constructing the
head side and foot rails of metallic bedsteads and children's cots when
the panneling of the same is made of perforated plate iron or other metal,
and has for its object a simplification of the method of fixing the per-
forated panneling; Figure 12 is an elevation, and Figure 13 a cross
section of an end of a child's cot fitted with a rail of this improved con-
struction; A, A, are the pillars; B, the perforated pannel; C, the frame to
which the laths are attached; D, the moulding which forms the frame of the
pannel, and is made of a strip of sheet metal drawn through dies of a tubular
or any other suitable ornamental form. The strip of metal is of such width
that when drawn through the dies it shall complete the mould, and of course
it has a slit or opening throughout its whole length. Into this opening the
edges of the perforated pannel are inserted, as shewn by the enlarged cross
section of the moulding and pannel given at Figure 14. The parts so
combined are connected together by soldering or any other suitable means.
And having now described my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I declare that the improvements which I claim as being of
my Invention are as follows:-
First, I claim the constructing of the frames of bedsteads, couches, and
other like articles of furniture, of. sheet iron drawn into angular or other
suitable forms by passing the same through dies or rollers shaped to produce
such forms.
Second, I claim the method of constructing the joints of beds, couches,
chairs, and other articles of furniture represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
and 6, and before described.

page_text: these positions by an overplate H through which rivets are passed into the rail.
All that requires now to be done to fix the rails is simply to drive them down'
upon the connecting pieces C and D, so that the cavity formed in the end of
the rail, as above explained, may embrace the connecting pieces.
This method of connecting the rails to the pillars of bedsteads or legs of
couches and chairs admits of their being easily disengaged from each other
without injury to any of the parts, and it is therefore particularly suitable for
the construction of articles of furniture which require from time to time to be
taken to pieces for the purpose of removal from one place to another.
Figure 6 is a part plan of a bedstead, showing how wooden pillars and rails
may be connected together by means of arrangements nearly similar to those
just described. A is the pillar, and B, B, the rails, to the ends of which there'
are attached short metal pieces C, C, similar in construction to the end of the
rail represented in Figure 5, and which embrace the connecting pieces D, D,
which are attached by screws or otherwise to the side of the pillar.
.
The several parts of the joints which have just been described may be cast
instead of being formed out of plates of metal.
Thirdly, my Invention consists of several improved methods of constructing
and connecting metallic lathis to the rails of iron or metallic bedsteads, couches,
or other such articles of furniture, and which methods have for their object
the more easily fitting the laths to the proper lengths and retaining them all
at one uniform degree of tension.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal elevation of a metallic lath constructed for these
purposes. A, A, is the lath, and B, B, (cross sections of) the two bed' or couch
rails. One end of the lath A is bent into an S form, and is inserted or
hooked into a narrow slot or mortice in the rail, which mortice is made of a
size to fit exactly; the other end of the lath 6 is bent downward at right
anglès, and has affixed to it a spring c. The portion of the lath which is bent
downward, as well as the spring is passed through a mortice in the rail. The
end of the spring abutting against the inner end of the mortice necessarily
causes the lath to be tightened and held firmly in its place, while at the same
time the rail still retains a considerable degree of elasticity or pliancy. The
mortice for receiving the spring end of the lath' requires' to be considerably
larger than that for the S shaped end', for the purpose of allowing the
spring some room for action, and I therefore prefer that the wide and narrow
mortices should be formed alternately in the two rails!
Figure 8 is an elevation, and Figure 9; a plan of a metallic lath for effect-
ing the same purpose, as that last described. The lath is divided into two