Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles, Jars, or other Hollow Articles.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 10th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 11th Nov., 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. .
Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles, Jars, or other
Hollow Articles.
We DAN RYLANDS of Hope Glass Works, Stairfoot near Barnsley, in the County
of York, Glass Bottle Manufacturer, and BENJAMIN STONER of 2 Dearne Terrace,
Stairfoot aforesaid, mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
to use.
Our invention has for its object the minimising of hand labour in the manufacture
of Glass Bottles, and the producing of such bottles of more regular weight.
According to our invention we make use of one or more syphon pipes made of fire
clay or other suitable refractory material and somewhat similar to the syphon pipe
described in Dan Rylands' Patent Specification No. 14573 of November 27th 1885.
It will be well understood that these syphon pipe or pipes will be of any suitable
diameter according to the quantity of metal or molten glass that it may be required
Where it is necessary to keep the pipe hot by means of a flame, the flame
may extend the whole distance down the outlet of such syphon pipe. Also where it
is necessary to use such flame or heat we adapt or employ an adjustable hood made in
either one or two pieces so that when it is required for any reason to reheat the syphon
pipe either the whole or half of the hood may be removed, and by means of a pulley
block and chains or other suitable mechanical arrangements the syphon pipe may be
hoisted or lifted back into the furnace. Near the outlet end of the syphon pipe we so
adapt a lever or other mechanical arrangement having a cap attachment, that the flow
of hot metal or molten glass can be started or stopped as may be required. This cap
for starting or stopping the flow of the hot metal or molten glass may be made hollow
and so arranged that a supply of cold water may be constantly running through it :
or any other suitable means may be adopted for preventing this cap becoming too
hot. In some cases it may be possible to dispense with this lever altogether.

page_text: Under the outlet end of this syphon pipe we place a suitable iron fitter, vessel, or
half mould in a horizontal position and open to receive the, molten glass. This iron
fitter, vessel or mould will vary in shape and size according to the size or shape
of the Bottle that is required to be made. And into this iron fitter or half-mould
thus placed in a horizontal position we place the end of a blow pipe (which has
previously been heated) so that the molten glass which runs from the outlet end of
the syphon pipe is revolved by means of this blow pipe, the stem of the blow pipe
being revolved either by hand or by power. Immediately enough metal has been run
into this horizontal fitter or half mould, the lever is brought into such a position as to
stop the flow of molten glass from the outlet end of the syphon pipe, and the molten
glass thus collected on the end of the blow pipe is rolled either by hand or power
upon a suitable marver, and whilst being rolled it is blown into through the blow pipe
until it is rendered sufficiently hollow to allow of its being placed into another mould
which mould is the shape the bottle is required to be. When thus placed in this mould,
hot air is forced down the blow pipe or tube in the ordinary way by the bottle blower
or by means of suitable machinery; and after the bottle has been thus blown up, the
tube is withdrawn a short distance away from the mould, and further blowing then
done so as to form a "burst-off" flange.
The mould in which the bottle is made is so formed that the portion of mould which
covers the top portion of the neck of the bottle can be moved clear of the bottle neck
immediately the bottle has been blown; and this being so removed, the mould with
the bottle in is passed under a second syphon pipe which runs sufficient metal to form
what is technically known as the mouth of the bottle. After the metal has thus been
dropped on to form the mouth, a pair of tools for shaping the mouth whatever shape
is desired are brought into contact with the mouth, and such tools may be worked
either by hand or by power; it being understood that according to our invention we
prefer that the mould should rotate and the tools be stationary. During the process
of blowing the bottle the mould may revolve and the blow pipe may also revolve at
the same speed. When forming the mouth of the bottle, the mould containing the
bottle is kept revolving until such times as the bottle mouth is finished making, when
the mould is stopped and opened either by hand or mechanical means, and the
"taker-in" takes the bottle out of the mould into the annealing arch or kiln.
The horizontal fitter or open iron vessel or half mould for receiving the glass in the
first instance may be either a fixture, or there may be two, three, four or more of these
open horizontal fitters mounted or fixed on the shaft which revolves, and so arranged
that the part revolution of the shaft removes one fitter from under the outlet end of
the syphon pipe after such fitter has received its proper quantity of molten glass, and
thus the next fitter is brought into position for receiving the inolten glass. At the
same time the mould in which the bottle has to be blown may be so arranged that at
the next movement of the first fitter, the pipe at the end of which the bottle is blown
is passed into the mould where the bottle has to be blown. The said fitters may be
made hollow and so arranged that cold water is constantly flowing through them to
keep them cool, and where it is found necessary water may be run into the fitter
itself.
Another mode or means of employing our improvements is to bring horizontally
under the outlet end of the syphon pipe the bottle mould of the shape which the
bottle is required to be, and to run into this mould the necessary quantity of molten
glass required for such bottle. We fix in a suitable position in this horizontal mould
the end of the blow tube (having previously heated such end) and we force through
by blowing in the usual way or by any suitable mechanical arrangement a supply of
hot compressed air, and at the same time we cause the mould and blow pipe to revolve
at a sufficiently high speed to secure with the aid of the compressed air from the blow
pipe the perfect moulding of the bottle. The mould is passed from under the outlet
end of the syphon pipe immediately it has received its proper quantity of metal or
molten glass, and it is then closed before it and the blow pipe are caused to revolve
together.
The whole of the arrangements herein before described may where preferred and

page_text: where practicable be worked in combination with an outlet to the glass melting
furnace similar to the outlet described in Fig. 1 of Dan. Rylands' Patent Specification
No. 14573 of November 27th 1885. The putting on of the mouth of the bottle
and the shaping of the same with tools is done in a mode similar to that already
described.
In adapting our invention to the manufacture of jars we follow a somewhat similar
course to that already described with regard to. bottles, but it may be possible to
dispense with the blow pipe in the manufacture of jars.
In place of the syphon pipe or the hole in the face of the glass melting furnace,
we also where it is more convenient or suitable use ladles, and such ladles will vary
in size according to the quantity of glass required for making the bottles or other
articles.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles, Jars, or other
Hollow Articles.
We DAN RYLANDS of Hope Glass Works, Stairfoot near Barnsley, in the County
of York, Glass Bottle Manufacturer, and BENJAMIN STONER of 2 Dearne Terrace,
Stairfoot aforesaid, mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the minimising of hand labour in the manufacture
of glass bottles or other hollow glass articles, and the producing of such articles of a
regular weight.
In carrying out our present invention we use one or more syphons a shown at
figs. 1. 4 and 6 which are composed of fire clay or other suitable refractory material
and are made somewhat similar to the syphon pipe described and shown at fig. 2 in
the specification of Patent No. 14573 granted to Dan Rylands Nov. 27th 1885.
The syphons a are made in diameter according to the quantity of molten glass that
it may be required to use. The said syphon a may be kept hot by means of a flame
from the furnace D extending down the whole distance of the portion of said syphon a
which protrude out of the furnace D.
The hoods b figs. 1. 4 and 6 are preferably made in two pieces and cover the upper
parts of the protruding portions of the syphons a and leave a space c for the flame
from the furnace D. When it is required to thoroughly reheat the syphons a the
whole or half of the hoods bare removed, and by means of the pullies, blocks and
chains e the syphons a are hoisted or lifted back into the furnace D as will be well
understood.
Below the outlet ends a' of the syphon a we fix a lever having a suitable cap f¹
which may be forced under the ends a' and so stop the flow of molten glass. The
caps are preferably made hollow as shown at fig. 1. and a supply of cold water is
kept running through the same when said caps are stopping up the ends a¹ of
syphons a.
The cold water is supplied along the pipe 9 and runs through the tap h along the
lever and through the hollow stop or cap during the time the said stop or cap f¹
is stopping up the end a¹ of syphon a but when the lever is pulled either to the
right or left it brings the hollow cap f¹ away from the end a¹ of syphon a and
immediately closes the tap thereby cutting off the supply of cold water to the said
cap, so that the water is only kept constantly running through the hollow cap f¹
when it is stopping up the end a¹ of the syphon a.
A little below the end a' of the syphon a we place or fix an iron fitter or half-
mould which is made in shape and size to suit the desired shape and size of the bottle
or other article to be manufactured.
The fitter k is fixed in a horizontal position as shown at fig. 1. and in the end therof

page_text: is placed a blow pipe which has been previously heated so that the molten glass
which runs from the outlet end a¹ of syphon a is revolved by means of the said blow
pipe . The stem of the blow pipe is either revolved by hand or by means of
suitable machinery.
To run molten glass into the fitter the lever is forced either to the right or left
thereby causing the cap to become clear of the end a¹ of syphon a. By this means
molten glass runs freely through said syphon a out of the end a' thereof and into said
fitter . Immediately sufficient molten glass has been thus run therein the lever f
is brought again into position shown at fig. 1. thereby stopping the flow of molten
glass.
The molten glass which has thus been collected into the fitter & becomes attached
to the blow pipe and is then taken up by said blow pipe and is rolled either by hand
or machinery upon the marver m. (Fig. 2), and during the time it is being thus rolled
it is blown into through the blow pipe, which blowing may be performed either by
means of compressed air or by the mouth in the ordinary way. The before mentioned
glass is simultaneously rolled and blown on the marver m until it is rendered sufficiently
hollow to allow of its being placed into the mould . (Fig. 3.) the interior of which
is made of the shape the bottle or other hollow article is required, to be. When the
said molten or viscous glass is in the mould n, hot air is forced down the blow pipe j
by any suitable means and after the said glass has been blown up to the form of the
interior of the mould n the blow pipe is withdrawn a little from the mould n, as
shewn at fig. 3. and further blowing performed by which means a " burst-off"
flange o is formed thus detaching the end of blow pipe from the blown bottle or
other hollow article.
The mould figs. 3. 4. 5 and 6, is formed so that the portions n' which cover the
top portion of neck of bottle or other hollow article can be moved away clear of said
portion of neck immediately after the bottle has been blown up in the mould as
shown at figs. 4 and 5. After the portions n¹ of the mould have been thus removed
the mould with the bottle therein is placed horizontally under a second syphon a
or vertically, as shown at fig. 4. This syphon a is formed a suitable diameter so that
just sufficient molten glass runs through it to form what is technically known as the
mouth of the bottle. The syphon a shown at fig. 4, is started and stopped similarly
to the syphon a shown at fig. 1.
After the molten glass or metal has been dropped on to the top part of bottle or
other hollow article the mould is placed on to the machine shown at fig. 5. A pair
of tools Q for shaping the mouth whatever shape is desired are fixed stationary on
the machine and are brought into contact with the mouth of the bottle or other
article and then the mould is caused to revolve either by means of a pulley and
belt, as shown at fig. 5, or in any other suitable way.
The mould n is kept revolving until the mouth of bottle or other hollow article has
become satisfactorily formed when the mould n is stopped by means of the belt
motion or in any other manner. The mould n is then opened and the taker-in takes
the bottle out of the mould n and by means of a suitable rod places it in the annealing
kiln or arch.
During the process of blowing the bottle the mould n may revolve and the blow
pipe may also revolve at the same time.
The fitter k may be either a fixture, as shown at fig. 1. or there may be two or
more fitters & mounted on a shafts as shown at fig. 6. These fitters & are so arranged
that the part revolution of the shafts removes one fitter k from under the outlet
end a¹ the syphon a after it has received a proper quantity of metal and the next
fitter is brought into position for receiving the molten glass for forming another
bottle.
The end of the blow pipe is placed in the fitter and the mould n is placed in
position shown so that when the top fitter k, which has received a proper quantity of
molten glass, turns round or over, it rolls the said molten glass into the open mould n,
after which the said mould n is closed and the metal is blown up either in the ordinary
manner or by means of compressed air.

page_text: The fitters may be made hollow as shown at figs. 1, and 6, and arranged so that
a constant supply of cold water flows through them which tends to keep them cool.
When it is necessary water may run into the fitters.
Another mode of employing our improvements is to bring horizontally under the
outlet end of the syphon pipe a the bottle mould n and run direct into the mould the
required quantity of molten glass for forming the bottle; in this case the fitters & are
dispensed with. When using this arrangement we fix into the mould n the end of the
blow pipe having previously heated the same, and after the said quantity of molten
glass has been collected in the mould n we blow down the blow pipe either in the
usual way or by other suitable means a supply of hot compressed air, and at the same
time we cause the mould and blow pipe to revolve at a sufficiently high speed so as to
secure with the aid of the compressed air the perfect moulding of the bottle. The
mould is pressed from under the outlet end a of the syphon a immediately it has
received its proper quantity of molten glass and it is then closed before it and the
blow pipe are caused to. revolve in the manner herein-before described.
The whole of the herein described arrangements may where preferred and where
practicable be worked in combination with an outlet to the furnace D similar to the
outlet described in fig. 1. of the said Dan Rylands Patent Specification No. 14573 of
Nov. 27th 1885.
The putting on of the mouth of the bottle and the shaping of the same with tools
is done in a mode similar to that already described.
In applying our invention to the manufacture of jars we follow a similar system
to that already described, but when pressing jars the blow pipe j is dispensed with.
In place of the syphon a or the hole in the face of the furnace shown at fig. 1. in
the said Dan Rylands specification No. 14573 of 1885 we may employ ladles, which
vary in size according to the quantity of glass required for making the bottles or
other hollow articles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:-
1. In the manufacture of glass bottles or other articles the use of syphons a con-
structed according to the quantity of metal required to be withdrawn from the
furnace D in combination with a hollow cap and lever for the purpose of
starting and stopping the flow of metal substantially as described and shown at
Figs. 1 and 4.
2. In the manufacture of glass bottles or other hollow articles the use of a fitter or
fitters & either fixed or movable, which fitters k receive by means of syphons, taps or
ladles molten glass from the melting furnace D substantially as described and for the
purpose specified.
3. The manufacturing of glass bottles or other hollow articles in the manner herein
described and illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 or any mere modification
thereof.