IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING BATHS AND GREENHOUSES, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Powley Alexander, of 36, Southampton Buildings,
in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and British and Foreign
Patent Agent, for an Invention of 'IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
HEATING BATHS AND GREENHOUSES, AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."
A communication from abroad by Charles Martin, of Paris, in the Republic of
France. Manufacturer of Gas Heating Apparatus.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Powley Alexander
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th October 1881.
EDWIN POWLEY ALEXANDER, of 36, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and British and Foreign Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING BATHS AND GREENHOUSES, AND
FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by Charles Martin,
of Paris, in the Republic of France, Manufacturer of Gas Heating Apparatus.
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of boiler for
hot water circulating apparatus, heated either by gas, wood, coal, or other fuel for
warming baths, greenhouses, and for other like purposes.
The boiler of the improved apparatus consists of three or more concentrically
disposed compartments hereinafter designated the outer, the intermediate, and the
central compartment. These compartments are connected to each other by
horizontal and vertical pipes or tubes which establish a constant and multiple
communication between the several compartments. According to one arrangement
the cold water enters by a suitable pipe at the lower part of the boiler, and the
hot water flows off at the upper part; but in a second arrangement working under
pressure, the inflow of the cold water and the outflow of the hot water are both
effected at the upper part of the apparatus. The intermediate compartment is
fixed to the outer compartment by means of three or more solid stays, and is in
communication therewith by any convenient number of horizontal tubes or tubular
stays at or near the lower part thereof. The central compartment is fixed to and

page_text: placed in communication with the upper part of the intermediate compartment by
any convenient number of vertical tubes or tubular stays, and its interior is
traversed by a number of diametrically or otherwise disposed circulating water
tubes which receive the direct action of the heat from the gas or other heating
medium employed. The cold water enters by a supply pipe at the lower part of
the central compartment, and after filling the same it flows by the vertical tubes
into the intermediate compartment which is in communication at its lower part
through the horizontal connecting tubes with the outer compartment. From the
upper part of this outer compartment the hot water flows off by a pipe which
conveys it to the bath or to the set of pipes in connection therewith, or with any
other locality to be heated. The horizontal tubes or tubular stays not only serve
to establish a communication between the outer and intermediate compartments,
but also permit the hot water contained in the intermediate compartment to
escape into the outer one, and thereby increase the temperature of the water
contained in such outer compartment. This heating apparatus is provided with a
removeable cover, having a chimney or stove pipe fitted thereto for conveying
away the products of combustion which circulate freely between the walls of the
several compartments, and play directly round the water tubes in the central
compartment. A discharge pipe and cock are fitted to the lower part of the outer
compartment for the purpose of drawing off the water therefrom when required.
The entire boiler rests upon a hollow base or support containing a set of gas
burners and cocks with suitable air inlets, or it may be otherwise constructed to
receive fuel of any kind, as may be found desirable. In the modification wherein
the boiler works under pressure, the arrangement of the several compartments and
their connections is similar to that already described, but the cold water enters by
a pipe direct into the upper part of the intermediate compartment, whence it
passes by the communications into the central and outer compartments.
In both these arrangements suitable air pipes are provided for allowing the air
to escape freely when filling the boiler. The hot water in the latter arrangement
flows off through a pipe connected with the top of the outer compartment which
conveys it to the bath or baths, or any other place where required. The said
improved boiler and the stand for the same may be constructed wholly or in part
of sheet copper or any other suitable metal.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edwin Powley Alexander in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th April 1882.
EDWIN POWLEY ALEXANDER, of 36, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and British and Foreign Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING BATHS AND GREENHOUSES, AND
FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by Charles Martin,
of Paris, in the Republic of France, Manufacturer of Gas Heating Apparatus.
The said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of boiler
for hot water circulating apparatus, heated either by gas, wood, coal, or other fuel
for warming baths, greenhouses, and for other like purposes. The boiler of the

page_text: improved apparatus consists of three or more concentrically disposed compartments
hereinafter designated the outer, the intermediate, and the central compartment.
These compartments are connected to each other by horizontal and vertical pipes
or tubes which establish a constant and multiple communication between the
several compartments.
According to one arrangement the cold water enters by a suitable pipe at the
lower part of the boiler and the hot water flows off at the upper part, but in a
second arrangement working under pressure the inflow of the cold water and the
outflow of the hot water are both effected at the upper part of the apparatus. The
intermediate compartment is fixed to the outer compartment by means of three
or more solid stays, and is in communication therewith by any convenient number
of horizontal tubes or tubular stays at or near the lower part thereof. The central
compartment is fixed to and placed in communication with the upper part of the
intermediate compartment by any convenient number of vertical tubes or tubular
stays, and its interior is traversed by a number of diametrically or otherwise
disposed circulating water tubes which receive the direct action of the heat from
the gas or other heating medium employed. The cold water enters by a supply
pipe at the lower part of the central compartment, and after filling the same it
Hows by the vertical tubes into the intermediate compartment which is in
communication at its lower part through the horizontal connecting tubes with the
outer compartment. From the upper part of this outer compartment the hot water
flows off by a pipe which conveys it to the bath or to the set of pipes in connection
therewith or with any other locality to be heated. The horizontal tubes or tubular
stays not only serve to establish a communication between the outer and inter-
mediate compartments, but also permit the hot water contained in the intermediate
compartment to escape into the outer one and thereby increase the temperature
of the water contained in such outer compartment. This heating apparatus is
provided with a removeable cover having a chimney or stove pipe fitted thereto
for conveying away the products of combustion which circulate freely between the
walls of the several compartments and play directly round the water tubes in the
central compartment. A discharge pipe and cock are fitted to the lower part of
the outer compartment for the purpose of drawing off the water therefrom when
required. The entire boiler rests upon a hollow base or support containing a set
of gas burners and cocks with suitable air inlets, or it may be otherwise constructed
to receive fuel of any kind, as may be found desirable. In the modification
wherein the boiler works under pressure the arrangement of the several compart-
ments and their connections is similar to that already described, but the cold water
enters by a pipe direct into the upper part of the intermediate compartment
whence it passes by the communications into the central and outer compartments.
In both these arrangements suitable air pipes are provided for allowing the air to
escape freely when filling the boiler. The hot water in the latter arrangement
flows off through a pipe connected with the top of the outer compartment which
conveys it to the bath or baths or any other place where required. The said
improved boiler and the stand for the same may be constructed wholly or in part
of sheet copper or any other suitable metal.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is an elevation of one form of the improved hot water
apparatus as arranged to be heated by gas. Figure 2 is a transverse vertical
section of the same. Figure 3 is a plan of the apparatus with the top plate or
cover removed. Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken along the line 1, 2, in
Figure 2. Figure 5 is a horizontal section of the base or stand show
burners. Figure 6 is an elevation of the apparatus as arranged for w
pressure. Figure 7 is a transverse vertical section of the same.
plan corresponding to Figure 6. Figure 9 is a horizontal section
he gas
lunder
8 is a
Long the

page_text: line 3-4 in Figure 7, and Figure 10 is a horizontal section taken along the
line 5-6 in Figure 7.
A, A¹, A¹¹, are the outer, the intermediate, and the central water compartments,
connected together by the tubular stays b, b, and c, c, cross tubes, a, a, being fitted
across the fire box A¹¹. The part A' is fixed to the part A by three solid stays F
and also by the horizontal tubular stays c, c, which establish a communication
between the parts A and A¹. The central part A" is fixed to the part A¹ by the
vertical tubular stays b which establish communication between these two parts.
The part A is in addition traversed internally by the horizontal tubes a which
permit of constant circulation of the water and receive the direct action of the
heat. The cold water arrives by the tube C at the bottom, fills the central
annular water compartment A", the intermediate compartment A', and finally
the outer compartment A. The heated water flows off by the pipe D to
the baths or other heating coils connected therewith. Two tubes E, E', are
fixed respectively to the part A and part A' for the free escape of the air,
such air tubes passing out of the apparatus above the bot water exit pipe D.
The tubular stays c, c, serve not only to establish communication between
the parts A, A¹, but also to allow the hot water contained in A¹ to flow
into A and increase the temperature of the water in the said part A. B is
a moveable cover fitted with a chimney G for the escape of the products of
combustion, and K is a pipe with cock J (Figs. 5 and 7) for emptying the
apparatus which rests upon a metal stand H enclosing the burner, which consists
of the pipe I provided with cocks, air inlets i, and perforated tubes . In the
arrangement (Figure 7) the cold water arrives at the top by the pipe C, first fills
the part A and the part A", the communication being established also with the
part A¹. The hot water escapes by the pipe D, which is connected with the bath
or other apparatus to be heated. The pipe E fixed to the part A¹ opens into the
pipe D to permit the air to escape when filling the apparatus.
The improved apparatus may be made with four, five, six or more concentric
compartments, as found requisite, similar to those above described and connected
together in like manner.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in
part recited Letters Patent is,—
The construction and use of hot water circulating apparatus arranged substan-
tially as hereinbefore described and heated by gas or other fuel for the heating of
baths and greenhouses or for other like purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Powley Alexander, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 24th day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
WDTD
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(V.D.)