IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS follows:-
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & C° Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings London in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the
nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS
follows:-
"
to be as
My invention relates to steam generators and consists partly in uniting a water
ring and steain chamber by means of two concentric series of independent water
pipes surrounding a fire pot with an annular space between thein forming a
horizontal flue, in combination with a deflector arranged to deflect the entire
caloric current and cause it to traverse the annular flue entirely around the fire
pot.
The said invention moreover comprises the employment of vertical bars fitting
the space between the adjacent tubes of the inner series.
It also comprises the combination with the water-ring and a water and steam
drum communicating therewith through a double row of vertical pipes which stand
nt each side of a horizontal annular flue and present their convex surfaces
transversely to the caloric current through the said flue, of an exterior casing
made in section so as to be reinovable.
My said invention may be conveniently and advangcously carried into practice
as follows, that is to say-Around a central fire-pot are arranged two circular
series of upright water tubes connecting the annular water ring below with the
water-and-steam drum above. The inner circle of tubes is arranged closely around
the fire brick, above which the flame is applied to them direct. Distance pieces
are inserted between adjacent tubes of this inner series to form a closed wall. One
tube is omitted from the complete circle together with two distance pieces to
provide an opening from the central fire-chamber into the annular space between
the two rows or circles of tubes, and a deflector is introduced, to cause the caloric
current to travel around in this annular flue. This deflector may be pivotted (or
may have a door in it) so that a direct passage to the funnel may be opened when
starting the fire. The current, at all other times, passes entirely around the fire,
horizontally, in this annular flue between the water tubes, and by constantly
impinging on then all it parts with its caloric, and serves to very rapidly heat the
water and convert it into stram.

page_text: The outer circle of tubes is surrounded by a casing formed in removable sections
so that (even while the firo is burning) one section after another may be removed
to clean the flue with a brush or scraper inserted between the tubes of the outer
row. The section or sections are then replaced. These sections are preferably
made each of three curved plates of sheet metal with air spaces between them;
and the inner space may, if desired, be filled with asbestos.
Water is supplied by a pipe from below and a steam pipe or pipes carry
off the steam from above. A inetallic jacket encloses the steam-drum and tends to
prevent condensation of the steam. Curved blocks till the spaces at the upper
edge of the fire-brick and between adjacent tubes of the inner row, to prevent coal
from dropping down. These are separato from, but are preferably attached by
wire to, the vertical bars which run up to the top, between adjacent tubes.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM-GENERATORS and in what
manner the saine is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to steam-generators and comprises improvements as
hereinafter described.
In the accompanying drawing
Figures 1 and 2 represent, respectively, a vertical central and a horizontal central
section of the improved generator.
Figure 3 is a perspective view thereof, showing one of the casing-sections
removed; and
Figure 4 is a view showing the means of closing the space between the vertical
tubes of the inner series and between the fire-brick and Lubes.
A indicates an annular steam-chamber, partly filled with water, which rises to
the desired height through vertical tubes C D, extending upward from the water-
ring B, fed by the inlet-pipe E.
F indicates the fire-brick supported on a ledge of the water-ring and G the
grate, to which fuel is supplied through a central aperture H in the top, closed,
when in use, by a cover, I.
T indicates the ash-pit, provided with a door T' for draught and for the removal
of the ashes; and M a top casing or jacket, which encloses the steam-chamber, the
hot air in it tending to prevent condensation of the steam.
JJ indicate removable sections of a casing exterior to the vertical pipes D.
Each section J, as shown, is provided with one or more handles, K, and each has
an asbestos filling, protecting it from the action of the heat, and also an air-space
within it.
The tubes CD are arranged in two concentric circles, and expanded into their
seats, so as to make perfect joints in the chamber A and ring B. The tubes of the
inner row are protected, for about ten or twelve inches of their height by the fire
brick F, at the top of which blocks S are employed, to prevent coal or ashes
passing down between the tubes and brick. In addition, a series of vertical
castings, Laro introduced, alternating with the tubes C, and filling the curved
spaces between thein at the central line, where said tubes approach nearest to each
other, and outwardly from said line, fitting to said tubes far enough to form with
the tubes Ca solid wall, as best shown in Figures, 2 and 4, thus separating the
combustion chamber from the flue, that each may perform its functions perfectly.
The bars L and blocks S are preferably united by a wire projecting from one
casting passing through a hole in the other, and bent so as to draw and hold them
together in contact with the tubes. The castings L with the tubes C, form a close
wall around the fire-space, against which the heat impinges, chiefly upon the fully
exposed inner half of each tube of the inner series above the fire-brick and stop
blocks S, but also upon the under side of the chamber A, so that a large percentage
of the heat is absorbed before it leaves the combustion-chamber, thereby tending to
rapidly convert the water into steam, and producing an active circulation of the
water through the several tubes.
In front of the funnel one of the tubes in each row is omitted, together with
two of the castings L, and a deflector provided with a damper P' is placed obliquely

page_text: across the direct way to the funnel. When the damper is closed, the heat is
deflected from a direct course, as denoted by the arrows, Figure 2, and caused to
traverse the annular flue Q, that is, to travel horizontally entirely around the
fire-pot between the two rows of tubes, impinging against all the tubes of each
row, so that all the heat is utilized.
The vertical tubes C, D, present their convex surfaces successively to, and
crosswise of, the heated current, which passes horizontally through the annular
flue Q, the entire current passing in contact with every tubo of each series (see
Figure 2). Thus by their transverse position and successive arrangement the said
tubes absorb far more of the heat than they could do if arranged parallel to said
current.
Sufficient space is allowed between the tubes D of the outer row to give access
to the flue Q so that it may be freed of ashes and soot with a brush or scraper by
removing the casing sections J one after another (see Figure 3). This is of great
importance in utilizing the heat, since a coating of soot or ashes is an effective
sheath to prevent proper action of the heat on the parts A, B, C and D.
The top of the water-ring B may be cast in one with the projecting horizontal
top of the ash pit, apertures being formed at intervals for the insertion and
expansion of the vertical tubes C, D, and the bottom of this ring may be of either
cast or wrought iron, rivetted to the top.
The steam-chamber A may be of wrought or of cast metal, the upper and lower
purts being usually rivetted together, and the seams luted with litharge, as will be
clear from Figure 1.
The water-ring and steam-chamber may have flat tops and bottoms, and
vertical sides, having outward flanges to rivet in place after the tubes C, D, have
been set.
I am aware that it is not new to arrange around a central fire pot two complete
annular series of vertical water-pipes connecting the water-ring and steam-chamber,
and having shortened space-pieces between the tubes of the inner row, and extending
in front thereof, so as largely to shield them from the action of the fire; but this
apparatus was not provided with a removable casing for cleaning the flues, with
fire-brick around the fire-pot, or with a deflector or damper, and hence there was
no general horizontal current through an annular flue transverse to the tubes
therein, On the contrary the gaseous products of combustion divided into
numerous currents, passed over shortened space pieces and between the upper
ends of the inner tubes, (a small fraction of the whole current at each point ;) and
then moved downwardly parallel with and between the tubes of the inner and
outer row, to pass beneath a curtain like cylinder of sheet metal, which cut off
such currents from further contact with said tubes, and caused the smoke and
gases to rise between said sheet-metal cylinder and the outer caso to escape at the
funnel. I therefore make no claim to such an apparatus or arrangement of
devices.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. A steam-generator having the water-ring and steam chamber united by
two concentric series of independent water-pipes surrounding the fire-pot with
an annular space between them forming a horizontal flue, in combination with a
deflector arranged to deflect the entire heat current and cause it to traverse the
annular flue entirely around the fire-pot, substantially as, and for the purpose,
set forth.
Second. In a steam-generator having an annular water-ring and steam-chamber
united by two concentric series of distinct water-pipes, and provided with a
deflector adapted to direct the entire heat-current into the annular flue, that it
may pass horizontally around the fire-pot as described, the vertical bars L, fitting
the space between adjacent tubes of the inner row, for the purpose set forth.

page_text: Third: In a steam-generator, an annular water-ring and a water and steam space
communicating therewith through a double row of vertical pipes which stand at
each side of a horizontal annular flue and present their convex surfaces transversely
to the heat current through said flue, in combination with an exterior casing
made in sections, so as to be removable, substantially as, and for the purpose,
set forth.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.