Improvements in Oil Stoves and Lamps for Heating, Cooking, and Lighting.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 6th May, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Stoves and Lamps for Heating, Cooking,
and Lighting.
A communication from LYMAN FLETCHER WILDER, of 196, Brown Street,
Rochester, County of Monroe, State of New York, United States of America,
Manufacturer.
I, FREDERICK GARLAND MYLREA, of Blounts Court, Peppard, Reading, in
the County of Berks., Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in oil stoves for
heating, cooking and lighting, and consists in the particular construction and
arrangement of parts as will be more fully hereinafter described and claimed.
The object of this invention is to provide an improved burner for the oil
whereby a more complete combustion is effected and a greater intensity of heat
obtained. The object of the invention is further to provide a better and more
certain means for controlling the wick. And a further object of this invention is
to provide simple and convenient means for more effectually retaining and utilizing
the heat from the burner by providing a drum which is both adjustable and
removable, the same being employed in connection with a grate supported above
the burner.
According to this invention I construct an oil stove with a large circular wick
tube and wick held above the oil tank and provide a circular or cylindrical opening
concentric with the wick tube up through the oil tank so that the circular flame
may be supplied with air on its inner side. Over this circular opening I place a
perforated vertical cylinder, the axis of which corresponds with the axis of the
opening, the cylinder being closed at its upper end by a plain, horizontal, imperforate
sheet of metal. The perforated sides of this cylinder extend below the upper end
of the wick tube and to some distance above the latter. On account of this when
the upward-flowing currents of air through said opening and the perforated cylinder
encounter the closed head of the latter and are thereby deflected laterally outward
through the perforations, they impinge directly against the inner concave surface
or side of the flame and amply supply that portion of the flame with oxygen.
Outside of the wick tube is placed a sheet metal chimney or heat conductor
having a perforated band or part at its lower end through which currents of air
flow inwardly to the outside or convex surface of the flame. Thus the ring of
flame is amply supplied with air both from within and without, which produces a
white flame in which combustion is quite perfect.
To raise or control the wick I employ a thin band of metal within the lower
part of the wick tube and in contact with the inner wall of the latter, and between
said wall and the wick. The lower edge of this band is near the bottom of the oil
tank, and to this edge I secure a vertical strip or bar of metal extending up along
the outer surface of the wick, within the wick tube, and out through an opening
formed in the outer wall of the wick tube a little below the upper end of the latter.
This metal strip is pierced with one or more vertical rows of holes, and a horizontal
shaft is provided having one or more toothed wheels and held in bearings in such
position that the teeth of the wheels enter said holes in the strip. The band is
made rough on its surface next the wick so as to hold firmly to the latter, and by
means of this band and the metal strip and toothed wheels, the wick is moved
positively upward or downward within the wick tube in the act of regulating
the wick.
Above the upper end of the heat conductor and the flame is placed a horizontal

page_text: circular grate supported by standards rising from the oil tank. Upon this grate
is supported a vertical, cylindrical, sheet metal drum having a spacious interior
which constitutes an oven for the purpose of baking. The grate is annular, there
being a concentric circular opening formed at the middle which is covered or
closed by a removable griddle. When the griddle is removed this circular opening
serves to receive a kettle or other vessel, for the purpose of boiling or frying.
The grate is formed with a number of equally distributed peripheral, depressed
recesses, and the drum is provided near its lower end with inwardly projecting
knobs adapted to enter said recesses and rest therein. By this means the drum is
supported in place above the grate. The grate is also formed with peripheral
indentations or notches equally spaced and equal in number to said knobs on the
drum so that when the latter is turned to present the knobs to the notches the
former will pass through the latter and allow the drum to descend so as to cover
the parts above the oil tank. In this lowered position the crown sheet or head of
the drum rests upon the grate, and the base of the drum is near to or in contact
with the oil tank.
Referring to the drawings,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved oil stove, one of the doors being open.
Fig. 2 is a plan of a portion of the grate, showing a rest for the drum.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the part of the grate, as seen in the direction
indicated by arrow 3 in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows a portion of the interior of the drum holding a supporting knob.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the grate, the drum being in horizontal section over the
grate.
Fig. 6 is a plan of the burner.
Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the stove, half in section, showing the drum closed
down upon the tank.
Fig. 8 is a vertical, radial section of one side of the burner. And
Fig. 9 is a view of some of said parts seen as indicated by arrow 9 in Fig. 8.
Figs. 1, 5, 6 and 7 are drawn to a scale of four inches to the foot; Figs. 8 and 9
are drawn to a scale of eight inches to the foot; and Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are drawn
to a scale of twelve inches to the foot.
Referring to the parts shown, A designates an oil tank preferably made of cast
iron, having a burner, B, located centrally thereupon. The burner consists of a
circular wick tube a, with associated parts, which wick tube, as to its inner wall,
extends vertically down through the oil tank, as shown in Fig. 7. The oil tank is
usually formed at its upper side with a conical part b, in which rests an inverted
conical part e, of sheet metal. C is a removable chimney or heat conductor for
the burner, flared at its lower end, and held by the part e, Fig. 8. This heat
conductor is formed of two cylindrical parts, the lower part, d, being perforated
to admit currents of air to the exterior surface of the flame, as indicated by arrows
in Fig. 7.
Within the wick tube I place a perforated cylinder, e, Figs. 6 and 7, closed at
its upper end by an imperforate plate f. This cylinder, which rests within and is
removable from the wick tube, forms a cap or cover for the draft opening, g, within
the wick tube and the tank. The ascending currents of air in the opening 9 are
deflected outward, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 7, when they reach the plate f,
and are thus directed against the inner surface of the flame.
The wick is carried within the wick tube by a thin sheet metal band, h, Figs. 8
and 9, fitted to slide casily in a vertical direction upon the inner circular wall of
the wick tube. The wick i, is placed upon the exterior of this metal band, the
latter being made rough upon its outer surface to cause the wick to more readily
adhere to it. (I sometimes roughen this surface by puncturing the band in an
outward direction, forming burrs, k, to pierce said wick.) This band descends into
the oil, having its lower edge near the bottom of the tank, and its upper edge
somewhere the level of the top of the tank. A nearly vertical perforated strip or bar
of metal, is secured rigidly to the lower end of the band h and, curving slightly

page_text: away therefrom, extends upward along the outside of the wick, within the wick
tube, and finally out through an opening n, therein, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9.
(Some of these smaller parts are not shown in Fig. 7 on account of the scale of
the figure being too small.) An operating shaft, o, for the wick is held in
horizontal bearings in the conical part c, the shaft being provided with toothed
wheels, p, to engage the bar by means of the teeth entering the perforations
therein. By means of this construction and arrangement of the parts the band h,
with the wick, may be moved with precision and certainty in vertical directions
within the wick tube.
I support a grate, r, horizontally above the burner by means of simple standards, s,
rising from the oil tank. This grate is circular, and formed with a circular,
concentric opening, t, Fig. 5, at its middle part, which is covered or closed by a
griddle, u, shown in Figs. 5 and 7. A cylindrical, sheet metal drum, D, for baking
purposes rests upon and towers above the grate, as shown in Fig. 1. The grate is
formed with four peripheral, depressed recesses or rests, v, for the drum, the latter
being provided with inwardly projecting knobs, w, to enter said respective rests.
These parts are shown in Fig. 5, but better illustrated in the enlarged Figs. 2, 3
and 4.
The bottom of the drum is entirely open but it is covered at the top by
a curved head, r, and further provided with two swinging doors, y y, Fig. 1. The
knobs w are near the bottom of the drum, and in a horizontal plane, so that the
drum is held in a vertical position, and mainly above the grate.
Within the top of the drum I place a circular crown-sheet or heat reflector and
retainer, z, shown in Fig. 7. This reflector is sheet metal, just beneath the head
of the drum, substantially parallel therewith, and slightly separated therefrom,
forming a space, a', upward through which the vapours and products of combustion
pass outwardly, through a pipe, 6. The reflector is slightly less in diameter than
the interior of the drum, so that an annular opening between its periphery and the
inner surface of the drum is formed to allow of an upward passage of the
vapours. The reflector is secured to the drum by any convenient spacing ties or
holders, c¹.
The grate is further formed with peripheral notches, d', Fig. 5, of sufficient size
to let the respective knobs w pass downward through them. By means of this,
when the drum is turned to a proper position, it may be passed downward over the
grate and closed into a comparatively small compass, as shown in Fig. 7. This
is done when the oil stove is not in use, or when made ready for packing and
shipping; or sometimes also when it is used merely as a heater for an apartment.
When the drum is thus lowered, the heat reflector z rests upon the grate, and the
bottom of the drum is in contact with, or near to, the oil tank.
The heat conductor C is formed with openings, e', Fig. 1, in which are inserted
sheets of mica for the purpose of illumination. These mica openings are closed or
covered by simple swinging doors, f', f¹. In addition to these openings, which
may extend fully around the heat conductor and be of any desirable vertical length,
I form a small opening through which to insert a match or other ignited body to
light the burner. This opening is normally closed by a simple swinging or sliding
cover.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, 1 declare that what I claim is :-
1. An oil stove having an oil tank and a circular wick tube such as a held
by and rising above the tank, with an opening through the latter within the wick
tube and a perforated cap or cover such as e for said opening terminated at its
upper end by an unperforated plate such as f, substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. An oil stove having an oil tank and a circular wick tube such as a rising
above the tank a wick and a band such as h within the wick tube the band having
a roughened surface to carry the wick a perforated bar such as connected with

page_text: the band and passing out through an opening in the wick tube and a shaft provided
with toothed wheels such as p to engage said perforated bar to regulate the wick,
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In an oil stove the combination of a grate such as r supported in an elevated
position thereon and having rests in its periphery and a drum such as D having
knobs on its interior surface removably fitting said rests substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. An oil stove having a grate such as r supported in an elevated position formed
with notches in its periphery and a drum such as D having knobs on its inner
surface at the lower portion of the same adapted to pass through said notches
whereby the drum may pass downward over the grate, substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. An oil stove in which a grate such as r is supported in an elevated position
and provided with rests such as v in its periphery and notches or recesses such
as d' adjacent to said rests and a drum such as D provided with inwardly projecting
knobs adapted to enter said rests or pass through said recesses, substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. The combination in an oil stove of the oil tank A grate such as r supported in
an elevated position above the oil tank and a vertically movable drum such as D
having an open side closed by doors such as y and removably fitting at its lower
edge upon said grate so as to be supported above the latter said drum being
designed and adapted to be lowered down upon the oil tank and enclose the
grate when not in use substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
7. An oil stove having a grate such as supported in an elevated position
and a drum such as D held upon said grate the drum being open at its lower
end and having at its upper end a convex head such as with a pipe 61
passing out of said head the drum being further provided with an internal
heat reflecting plate such as z substantially parallel with the head and slightly
separated therefrom, substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
8. The combination with an oil stove of a drum such as D adapted to act as an
oven and as an enclosing case.
9. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete oil
stove or lamps substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 9th day of March 1893
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.