IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, THROWING, DOUBLING, AND REELING SILK AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Trafford, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Silk
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING, TWISTING, THROWING, DOUBLING, AND REELING SILK AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS,'
"
Sealed the 24th March 1876, and dated the 1st January 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Trafford at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st January 1876.
WILLIAM TRAFFORD, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Silk Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, THROWING, DOUBLING,
AND REELING SILK AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the machinery for which
former Letters Patent were granted to me on the 16th day of December 1873,
No. 4137, and it consists, first, in applying a bell or other alarum to the spinning,
twisting, and throwing mills described in the Specification of the Patent above
referred to. When the driving strap has been moved on to the loose pulley of the
said mills it acts on a friction pulley, which causes a catch to strike a bell or other
alarum.
In double spinning, twisting, and doubling mills, in other to drive one side faster
than the other I employ a broad carrier pinion gearing into two wheels of different
diameters on the shaft that drives the reels. When the smaller wheel is in gear
the speed is accelerated, and vice versa.
My improvement in the rim holders of doubling frames consists in making the
holders with light spring steel arms to facilitate the putting on of the rims and to
bring the weight near the centre to reduce the strain on the yarn in being drawn
off the rims.
My improved reeling machine consists of a frame supporting the delivering reel.
The yarn from this reel is carried round a reel which is provided with blades pro-
jecting at opposite sides. These blades are arranged to stretch the yarn alternately
or otherwise. The projection of the blade determines the amount of stretch given
and the tension on the receiving reel on to which the stretched yarn is wound.
The relative speeds of the reels can be varied by the gearing so as to keep the yarn
at the tension required. The reels are all connected by a side shaft and gearing,
and the whole machine is stationary, thereby dispensing with the carriage
Prins fl

page_text: described in the Specification above referred to and considerably economising space
and labour.
The counting apparatus of the receiving reel consists of a dial and movable
finger, which can be set to any point, according to the length of yarn required on
the receiving reel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Trafford in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th June
1876.
WILLIAM TRAFFORD, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Silk Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, THROWING, DOUBLING,
AND REELING SILK AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the machinery for which
former Letters Patent were granted to me on the 16th day of December 1873,
Number 4137, and it consists,-
First. In applying a bell or other alarum to the spinning, twisting, and throwing
mills described in the Specification of Letters Patent above referred to.
Secondly. In double spinning, twisting, and doubling mills, in order to be able
to drive one side faster than the other I employ a broad carrier pinion gearing into
two wheels of different diameters on the shaft that drives the reels.
Thirdly. In making the rim holders with light spring steel arms to facilitate
the putting on of the rims and to bring the weight near the centre.
And, Fourthly. In an improved reeling machine, in which the yarn is stretched
between the delivering and the receiving reels.
Also in an improved modo of constructing the receiving reel, and in a self-acting
counting and stopping apparatus.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I will proceed to
describe the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
On Sheet 1, Fig. 1 represents the end of a spinning, twisting, and throwing mill
constructed in the manner described in the Specification of former Letters Patent
granted to me as above referred to. b is part of the tin drun, and t is the strap
fork lever by which the driving strap is moved from the fast to the loose pulley as
heretofore; t is a friction pulley, which is mounted on a stud fixed to the framing,
and to this pulley is fixed a catch, which acts on the bell or other alarum t. When
the driving strap is on the driving pulley, as shewn in Fig. 1, it works clear of the
pulley, but as soon as the driving strap is moved on to the loose pulley to stop
the frame it comes in contact with and turns round the pulley 2, the catch on
which then acts on the alarum until the frame is again started.
My improved mode of communicating motion to double spinning, twisting, and
doubling frames consists in the use of a broad carrier pinion gearing into two
wheels of different diameters on the shaft that drives the reels. When the
smaller wheel is in gear the speed is accelerated, and vice versa. By this means I
am enabled to drive one side of the frame faster than the other, thereby varying
the speed according to the count or size of yarn under operation.
Fig. 2 is a front view and Fig. 3 a section of my improved rim holder for
doubling frames. These rim holders consist of a centre boss n, which is cast with
the grooved friction pulley n¹, into which the weighted lever enters to keep the
yarn at a uniform tension, as described in the Patent above referred to. Into the
boss n are screwed the four light spring steel arms n², on to which the rims c are
sprung. These improved rim holders facilitate the putting on and taking off of
the rims, and they bring the weight near the centre, thereby reducing the strain on
the yarn when it is being drawn off.
On Sheet 2 Fig. 4 is an elevation, Fig. 5 a plan, and Fig. 6 a side view of my
improved reeling machine. This machine consists of three main parts, namely, the

page_text: rame supporting the delivering reel v, the frame supporting the stretching reel a,
and the frame supporting the receiving reel A. All these parts of the machine are
stationary, thereby dispensing with the carriage described in the Specification
before referred to, and the requisite motion is communicated to the three reels at
their proper relative speeds by the side shaft s, and the gearing hereafter described.
The reel is constructed in the manner described in my former Patent, and it is
turned round by the mitre wheel at the end of the shaft gearing into a similar
wheel on the upright shaft w. This shaft gives motion to a mitre wheel fixed to a
spur wheel, which transmits through a carrier the requisite motion to a pinion on
the axle of the reel. This pinion must be changed according to the diameter of
the reel. The stretching reel x is driven at a greater velocity than the receiving
reel A by the bevel wheel at the other end of the side shaft z, gearing into a pinion
on the axle of the stretching reel, as shewn best in Fig. 5. The stretching reel is
provided with four parallel blades, and with two blades projecting at opposite sides
beyond the others, and these latter blades stretch the yarns alternately as they
revolve and deliver them to the receiving reel A. I wish to remark here that the
amount of stretch can be varied by increasing or reducing the length of the pro-
jection of the blades, and that the number and arrangement of the blades can be
varied. The projecting blades at opposite sides and ends of the reel a are found in
practice to give good results, but the alternate stretching of the yarn as it passes
from the delivering to the receiving reel may be obtained by eccentrics, levers,
cranks, or other equivalents. The yarns are guided on to the stretching reel by the
eyes x, and they are carried through the eyes y before they are delivered on to the
receiving reel A. The eyes y are fixed in a rail, which is traversed to and fro so as
to distribute the yarn in skeins on to the receiving reel by an ordinary heart
motion, as shewn in Fig. 6. The receiving reel A is driven from the side shaft z
by a pair of mitre wheels, as shewn in Fig. 5, one of which is fixed to the cross
shaft z¹, and to this cross shaft is fixed a worm for driving the heart which
traverses the rail with the eyes y, and a spur wheel for driving by means of the
carrier another wheel on the axle of the reel A. When the thread has been wound
on this reel it is necessary to slacken one or more of the cross bars or arms to
release the skeins before they can be removed, and this may be done by wedges in
the ordinary manner or by jointed props, according to my improvements, as shewn
in Figs. 4 and 5. To two opposite rails of the reel are jointed the outer ends of
the props a, the inner ends of which are jointed to the rods a¹, which pass through
the spokes of the reel, the props a fit in recesses in the sliding bosses a³, which fit
on the axle of the reel. At one end of each rod a¹ is a spur pinion a³, which is
screwed to form a nut fitting on the screw at the end of the rod. Both the
pinions as are turned round by a pinion loose on the axle. The boss of this centre
pinion is square to receive a screw key. When the props a are at right angles to
the axle, as shewn in Fig. 5, the reel is of the full diameter for working, and when
it is required to slacken the cross bars the attendant applies a screw key to the
square boss of the centre pinion, and by turning it round he causes the pinions a³
to revolve in the proper direction for moving the rods a¹ in the direction of the
arrows in Fig. 5, thereby bringing the props a into the diagonal position and
drawing in the cross bars to the extent required for doffing.
In some cases it may be sufficient to slacken one of the cross bars, or more than
two may be slackened. The arms are protected by metal caps to prevent injury to
the yarn. By this improved reel the slackening and expanding of the cross bars
or arms can be effected without injury to the yarn or to the reel. The side shaft z
is driven from a countershaft by the strap 23, shewn in Fig. 4, and this strap can be
moved from the fast to the loose pulley, and vice versa, by hand or by a self-acting
stopping motion.
The hand motion consists of the starting rod t¹, which is supported in bearings
fixed to the frame of the receiving reel A. The rod t is connected to one arm of
the elbow lever t, the other arm of which is connected to the strap fork rod to.
The self-acting stop motion is combined with the counting apparatus, and is con-

page_text: structed as follows:-To the side shaft z is fixed the worm ³, gearing into the
wheel y, see Fig. 7, to the boss of which is fixed a small pinion gearing into the
wheel y¹, to which the ratchet wheel y is connected. On the stud supporting the
ratchet wheel is loose the upper finger y³, pointing to the figures on a dial and
The
the under finger 3*, for acting on a stud projecting from the tumbler lever 8.
fingers and y¹ are fixed together, and point in opposite directions, and to the
under one is fixed a spring catch taking into the teeth of the ratchet wheel y*.
When the tumbler lever 8 is about vertical, as shewn in Fig. 4, it rests against a
stop fixed to the second rod t³, as shewn in Fig. 5, but as soon as the tumbler lever
has been acted upon by the under finger y it falls over to bring the stud s¹ against
a stop on the strap fork rod t2, thereby moving the said rod longitudinally to the
extent required for traversing the driving strap from the fast to the loose pulley,
and in order to suddenly check the momentum of the parts I apply a break to the
side shaft z. This break consists of the disc 2 fixed to the shaft and the sliding
disc 25 loose on the shaft. To this sliding disc is jointed a catch, which is hooked
on a fixed stud to hold the discs out of contact. The disc is acted upon by the
upper end of the spring lever 20. When the tumbler lever s falls over the catch is
released by the small elbow lever 7, and the spring acting on the lever then
presses the sliding disc 25 against the disc 2. The dial is divided into 500 or other
convenient number of spaces, and by bringing the upper finger ys opposite the
required figure on starting the machine any required length of yarn can be wound
on the receiving reel A. before the machine is stopped by the falling over of the
tumbler lever, as above described.
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Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not intend to limit
myself to the details given, as the same may be varied, and I claim,—
First. The application of a bell or other alarum to the machinery described, and
for the purpose set forth.
Secondly. The improved mode of communicating motion to double spinning,
twisting, and doubling frames, as described.
Thirdly. The improved rim holder shewn and described.
Fourthly. The general combination and arrangement of the improved reeling
machine, as shewn and described.
Fifthly. The improved reel marked c, or any equivalent arrangement of
machinery for stretching the yarn between the delivering and the receiving reels,
as described.
Sixthly. The improved mode of constructing reels, as shewn and described, in
which the movable arm or arms are expanded or contracted by jointed props and
screwed wheels.
And, Seventhly. The self-acting counting and stopping apparatus for reeling
machines, as shewn and described.
In witness thereof, I, the said William Trafford, have hereto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-eighth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and
eaventy.air
W. TRAFFORD. (L.S.)
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