A MACHINE FOR CUTTING AND BRUISING STRAW
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Marshall Gorham, of 22, New Road, Lincoln,
for an Invention of "A MACHINE FOR CUTTING AND BRUISING STRAW."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Marshall Gorham at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1881.
JOHN MARSHALL GORHAM, of 22, New Road, Lincoln. "A MACHINE FOR
CUTTING AND BRUISING STRAW,"
My Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for preparing fodder from
the straw delivered from threshing machines. It can be applied to any existing
threshing machine, or can be used as an independent machine to cut and bruise the
straw from which grain has been threshed by hand. In machines hitherto made
for cutting and bruising straw two drums have been employed; by my Invention
the straw is cut and bruised by two separate concaves operated upon by one drum.
The two concaves are connected together by a plate hollowed out to form a
receptacle for the straw delivered from the cutting concave and to re-distribute it
into the bruising concave. In order that my improvements may be better under-
stood reference to the accompanying Drawings is necessary.
The knives K, K, in the cutting concave, Fig. 1, Sheets 1 and 2, and the
pega L, L, Sheet 1 & Sheet 2, Fig. 1, in the bruising concave, are not in a line
with each oth, and the beaters T, T, T, in the drum, Sheet 2, Fig. 2, are arranged
in pairs in such a manner that the centro line of the knives K, K, Sheet 2, Fig. 1,
is between the narrow spaces P, P, Sheet 2, Fig. 2. The centre line of pegs L, L,
Sheet 1 and Sheet 2, Fig. 1, between the wide spaces Q, Q, Sheet 2, Fig. 2. The
apparatus as described may either form part of a threshing machine actuated by
steam or horse power or be quite independent and separate from it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said John Marshall Gorham in
the Groat Seal Patent Office on the 1st March 1882.
JOHN MARSHALL GORHAM, of 22, New Road, Lincoln, Engineer. "A MACHINE
FOR CUTTING AND BRUISING STRAW."
My Invention relates to improvements in apparatus used for preparing fodder
from the straw delivered from threshing machines. It can be applied to or be
made to form part of any type of threshing machine operated by power, or it can
be used as an independent machine for preparing straw threshed by hand or other
means. In many machines hitherto made or used for cutting and bruising straw
from which the grain has been threshed two drums have been employed, the one
to cut and the other to bruise the chaff, involving additional gearing and occupying
unnecessary space, as well as absorbing more power. My Invention enables both
operations to be performed by the use of one drum and two separate concaves, one
concave containing the knives or cutters and the other the pegs against which the
straw is bruised or crushed, the concaves being connected by a plate hollowed out
so as to form a receptacle for the straw after being cut and from which it is passed
on by the beaters in the drum to the bruising concave. By this arrangement one
drum is made to convey the threshed straw to the cutting concave and pass it on
to the bruising concave. In order that my improvements may be more clearly
understood a reference to the accompanying Drawings is necessary. The Drawings
shew in plan and side elevation my improvements as they would appear if attached
to and forming part of an ordinary threshing machine actuated by steam or other
motive power; the straw after being threshed is delivered into the hopper A,
Sheet 1, and is received and pressed forward by the drum and beaters B, Sheet I
and Sheet 2, Fig. 2, which is caused to revolve by suitable means, so that the straw
is first cut by the knives K, K, Sheet 1 and Sheet 2, Fig. 1, and then forced against
the pegs L, L, the drum and beators revolving in the direction of the arrow.
The
knives K, K, in the cutting concave, Fig. 1, Sheets 1 and 2, and the pegs L, L,
Sheet 1 and Sheet 2, Fig. 1, in the bruising concave are not in a line with oach
other, and the beaters T, T, T, in the drum, Sheets 1 and 2, are arranged in pairs
in such a manner that the centre line of the knives K, K, Sheets 1 and 2, is
between the narrow spaces P, P, Sheet 2, Fig. 2, the pegs L, L, being so
placed as to pass between the spaces Q, Q, Sheet 2, Fig. 2, separating the pairs of
beaters T, T, T.
Having now described my improvements to the best of my ability I would have
it clearly understood that I do not bind myself to the exact details shewn and
described, since they may be varied to suit circumstances without departing from
the peculiar character of the Invention, but I claim as under,-
1st. The use of two separate concaves fitted with suitable knives and pegs, one
drum only being used to operate both concaves.
2nd. The use of a hollowed plate forming part of and connecting the two
concaves, such hollowed plate between the two concaves being a receptacle for the
chaff delivered from the cutting concave.
3rd. The arrangement of knives, pegs, and beaters, also a single drum, as
described and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Marshall Gorham, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty eighth day of November, in the year
J. M. GORHAM. (L.S.)
50