Improvements in and pertaining to Motors Adapted to be Worked by Pressure of Fluid, such as a Combustible Mixture of Petroleum Vapour, or Gas with Air, or Analogous Motive Fluid.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1896
a Curcifection Inft 22nd not 1807 Accented 22nd Jan 1898
Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Oct, 1807 Accepted 22nd Jan 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and pertaining to Motors Adapted to be Worked by
Pressure of Fluid, such as a Combustible Mixture of Petroleum
Vapour, or Gas with Air, or Analogous Motive Fluid.
I, WALTER JOHN HUBERT JONES, of 21, New King Street, Deptford, in the
County of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
In an engine according to my invention there are two cylinders having their
axes in a common straight line, an intermediate chamber into which the inner
ends of both cylinders open, two pistons, one in each cylinder, a mixing chamber,
an igniter or firing arrangement, and an exhaust passage. The two cylinders and
intermediate chamber may all be comprised in a single tube, for economy and
simplicity of construction. In some cases I make the pistons of considerable
length and with cavities at their inner ends (which may be of approximately
conical form) which are open to the intermediate chamber.
The details of construction in such an arrangement will depend to some extent
upon the nature of the actuating fluid employed. If, for example, oil is to be
sprayed into the mixing chamber to mix with the air therein, I provide for this
purpose a plug of suitable material such as hard steel through which there is a
very fine hole for the passage of the oil. In such an engine according to one
arrangement the mixing chamber into which the sprayer discharges is constructed
with an external flange having a screw thread around its outer circumference to
receive a correspondingly screw-threaded ring formed with an internal flange or
lip which holds in place a flange of a finely perforated or reticulated cap or cover
which may be pressed out of finely perforated sheet metal, and between the flanges
of the cap or cover and the mixing chamber there is held a compound diaphragm
comprising material more coarsely perforated than the cap or cover and some
suitable filtering material such as silk, the objects being to protect the valve and
to prevent dust-laden air from entering the mixing chamber. The communication
between the mixing chamber and the intermediate or explosion chamber is con-
trolled by a valve normally closed by a spring. If the engine is to be used on a
vehicle, the exhaust passage communicates with an exhaust chamber, and a
silencer is provided between which and the exhaust chamber there is communica-
tion controlled by a mechanically operated valve normally closed by a spring.
One silencer may be adapted to serve for two or more cylinders.
An electrical firing arrangement according to my invention comprises an
accumulator and a small dynamo, the arrangement being such that for starting the
engine the accumulator is emploved, but, after starting, the engine will drive the
dynamo, current from which will be employed directly to ignite the successive
charges of combustible mixture in the engine, which will at the same time keep
the accumulator fully charged.
When constructing an oscillating engine according to my invention I provide
a hollow trunnion whose interior constitutes the exhaust passage and which is
constructed with a clamp adapted to embrace the chamber intermediate between

page_text: the cylinders and to be tightened thereon by a bolt and nut or equivalent means
the trunnion being supported in a suitable bearing. This bearing in the case of
a light motor suitable for propelling a vehicle is in a bracket adapted to be clamped
on to the frame of the vehicle. The bracket is constructed with eyes in which are
held rods, which may be weldless steel tubes, whose free ends are parallel and
are provided with blocks adapted to slide on the rods towards and from the trun-
nion so that the distance of each block from the axis of the trunnion can be
adjusted. Means are provided for securing the blocks at the required distance by
means of screws. The screws at the inner or trunnion side of each block pass
through screw-threaded holes in blocks or plates through which the two rods of
the beam pass and to which they are brazed, the arrangement being such as to
afford rigidity. The arrangement is such that the rods with their connections
constitute a beam or girder. The blocks carry the bearings for a couple of crank
shafts to each of which one of the pistons is connected by a short link lug or rod
that embraces the respective crank pin. On a suitably formed hollow projecting
part of the before mentioned bracket a chain wheel is freely mounted so as to he
able to rotate, and on each of the crank shafts there is fixed a smaller chain wheel,
each of these smaller wheels may conveniently have half the diameter of the
larger one whose office when rotated through an endless chain from the smaller
wheels on the two crank shafts is to actuate the exhaust valve and cause the
igniter. to act at the proper times.
In the construction of motors either the whole of my improvements or some
without others may be embodied, and motors so constructed may be employed for
a variety of purposes. They may be adapted to be worked with a combustible
mixture of any suitable ga's (for examples, ordinary coal gas, water gas, acetylene)
or vapour (for examples, petroleum, or kerosene, or naptha, or petrol vapour) with
air.
The details of construction may also be varied. Thus for example in some
cases a, shaft or shafts and suitable gearing may be substituted for the chain wheels
and chain.
Improvements in and pertaining to Motors Adapted to be Worked by
Pressure of Fluid, such as a Combustible Mixture of Petroleum
Vapour, or Gas with air, or Analogous Motive Fluid.
I, WALTER JOIN HUBERT JONES, late of 21, New King Street, Deptford, in the
County of Kent, but now of 134, Gladstone Road, Sparkbrook, Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to motors adapted to be worked by pressure of. fluid such
as a combustible mixture of petroleum vapour or gas with air or analogous motive
fluid and in order. that its nature and the manner of carrying it into practical
effect may be properly understood I will in the following description refer to the
accompanying illustrative drawings, which represent a light motor according
thereto suitable for propelling a vehicle, Fig. 1 being a longitudinal vertical

page_text: section along the axes of the cylinders, Fig. 2 a section corresponding to the
line II of Fig. 1, Figs. 3 and 4 sections corresponding to the lines III and IV
respectively of Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 a plan.
In an engine according to my invention there are two cylinders 1 and 2 having
their axes in a common straight line 3, an intermediate chamber 4 into which
the inner ends of both cylinders open, two pistons 1 and 2 one in each cylinder,
a mixing chamber 5, an igniter or firing arrangement 6, and an exhaust passage 7;
The two cylinders 1 and 2 and intermediate chamber 4 may all be comprised as
shown, in a single tube for economy and simplicity of construction. In some
cases I make the pistons, as shown, of considerable length and with cavities &
(as shown in dotted lines in the case of the piston 2" in Fig. 1) at their inner ends
(which may be of approximately conical form as shown) which are open to the
intermediate chamber 4.
The details of construction in such an arrangement will depend to some extent
upon the nature of the actuating fluid employed. If, for example, oil is to be
sprayed into the mixing chamber to mix with the air therein, I provide for this
purpose a plug 9 (Fig. 2) of suitable material, such as hard steel, through which
there is a very fine hole 10 for the passage of the oil. In Fig. 2 the plug 9 is
shown as fitting in a tubular projection 11 of the mixing chamber 5 and is pro-
vided with a screwed outer end for the attachment of the oil supply pipe; Fig. 2
shows a modification in which the plug 9 is screwed, as a nipple, into a union 12
fitting in the tubular projection 11. In the engine shown the mixing chamber 5
into which the sprayer discharges, is constructed with an external flange 13 having
a screw thread around its outer circumference to receive a correspondingly screw
threaded ring 14 formed with an internal flange or lip which holds in place a
flange of a finely perforated or reticulated cap or cover 15 which may be pressed
out of finely perforated sheet metal, and between the flanges of the cap or cover
and the mixing chamber there is held a compound diaphragm 16 comprising
material more coarsely perforated than the cap or cover and some suitable filter-
ing material such as silk, the objects being to protect the suction valve 17 and te
prevent dust laden air from entering the mixing chamber 5. The
communication between the mixing chamber and the intermediate or
explosion chamber is controlled by a valve 17 normally closed by a spring 18. If
the engine is to be used on a vehicle, the exhaust passage 7 communicates, as
shown, with an exhaust chamber 19, and a silencer 20 is provided between which
and the exhaust chamber 19 there is communication controlled by a mechanically
operated valve 21 normally closed by a spring 22. One silencer may be adapted to
serve for two (as shown) or more cylinders: in the latter case the exhaust chamberg
of two or more pairs of cylinders would have communication with the silencer,
the several communications being either all controlled by a common valve or
having separate valves. For electrical firing or ignition there may be employed
an accumulator and a small dynamo, the arrangement being such that for starting
the engine the accumulator will be employed, but, after starting, the engine; will
drive the dynamo, current from which will be employed directly to ignite the
successive charges of combustible mixture in the engine, which will at the same
time keen the accumulator fully charged.
When constructing an oscillating engine according to my invention I provide
a hollow trunnion 23 whose interior constitutes the exhaust passage 7 and which is
constructed with a clamp 24 adapted to embrace the chamber 4 between the cylin-
ders 1 and 2 and to be tightened thereon by a bolt and nut 25 or equivalent means,
the trunnion being supported in a suitable bearing. This bearing in the case of a
light motor suitable for propelling a vehicle is a bracket 26 adapted to be clamped
by means of bolts 27 to the frame of the vehicle. The bracket is constructed with
eyes 28 in which are held rods 29, which may be weldless steel tubes and whose
free ends are parallel and are provided with blocks 30 adapted to slide on the
rods 29 towards and from the trunnion 23 so that the distance of each block 30
from the axis of the trunnion can be adjusted. The blocks 30 are secured at the

page_text: short
required distance for keeping tight or tightening the chain 40 by means of
screws 31 which pass through screw threaded holes in blocks or plates 32 through
which the two rods 29 of the beam pass and to which they are brazed, the arrange-
ment being such as to afford rigidity and that the rods 29 with their connection
constitute a beam or girder. The blocks 30 carry the bearings 33 for a couple of
crank shafts 34 to each of which one of the pistons 1 or 2 is connected by
lug 35 (or it may be a short link or rod) that embraces the respective crank pin 36.
Fig. 2b shows the piston 2" and its lug 35 in end elevation. On a suitably formed
hollow projecting part 37 of the bracket 26 a chain wheel 38 is freely mounted se
as to be able to rotate, and on each of the crank shafts 34 there is fixed a smaller
chain wheel 39. Each of these smaller wheels may conveniently have half the
diameter of the larger one whose office when rotated through an endless chain 40
from the smaller wheels 39 on the two crank shafts 34 is to actuate the exhaust
valve 21 and cause the igniter to act at the proper times. For this purpose the
wheel 38 may be provided with cams or projections 38, 38 one of which, say 38,
serves at the proper moment, as a contact piece, or as a circuit closer to cause
the electric igniter to act, whilst 38 serves at the proper moment to press in the
exhaust valve spindle 21" through the intermediary of suitable means such as a
lever 21 one end of which is acted upon by the said projection and the other end
acts upon the valve spindle.
Power may conveniently be taken off the wheel 38, as for example from a bevel
or spur wheel fast thereon at one side as indicated in dotted lines at 38° in Fig. 2.
In the construction of motors either the whole of my improvements or some
without others may be embodied, and motors so constructed may be employed for
a variety of purposes. They may be adapted to be worked with a combustible
mixture of any suitable gas (for examples, ordinary coal gas, water gas, acetylene)
or vapour (for examples, petroleum vapour kerosene vapour naptha vapour or
petrol vapour) with air. The details of construction may also be varied. Thus,
for example, in some cases a shaft or shafts and suitable gearing may be sub-
stituted for the chain wheels and chain. Also; the mixing chamber 5 may be
mounted upon the top of the exhaust chamber 19 and its place above the combus-
tion chamber be taken by the igniter. Again the silencer may be placed at some
distance from the motor and be suitably connected to the exhaust outlet therefrom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention und in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. An explosion motor having two cylinders which are fitted with reciprocating
pistons and whose axes are in a common straight line, and an explosion chamber
which is located between the said cylinders, into which the inner ends of both
cylinders open, and from which the exhaust passage leads, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. An explosion motor of the kind referred to in the preceding claim, in which
the cylinders are mounted to oscillate as a whole and their pistons are connected to
two crank pins, substantially as herein before described.
3. Explosion-motors constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as
herein before described with reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of October. 1897.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.