Improvements in and relating to Boilers, and in the Furnaces in connection therewith.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Boilers, and in the Furnaces in
connection therewith.
THOMAS WILLIAM BAILEY 14 Alexandra Road Newport Mon. Marine
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Which is carried out or effected in the following manner.
A cylindrical multitubular boiler ordinary marine type having a number of
horizontal tubes placed below the funnel base.
The ends of these tubes passing through tube plates forming a back and front
tube box.
One of these tube boxes to have a division plate across so dividing this tube
box into two separate chambers an upper and lower chamber. These two tube
boxes are closed at the ends by bolted coverings or doors. The end covering of
the top chamber of the two chambered tube box to be perforated. The end
covering of the bottom chamber of the two chambered tube box having an opening
left in it this opening communicating by a pipe with the air inlet part of an air fan.
The air outlet part of fan extending to boxes placed at the back end of main boiler.
These said boxes having tubes connected to them.
The back end plate of main boiler and the combustion chamber plate in a line
or opposite to the furnace tube to be tubular connected by a tube or tubes passing
through the water space so affording a passage way for the tube connections
belonging to the outside air boxes already mentioned at the back end of boiler and
these said tube connections passing into the lower portion of combustion chamber
thence through the furnace tube to the ash pit of furnaces.
Ordinary cast iron fire bars with hot air blast or draft would quickly become
burnt.
Water tube fire bars or fire bed as I have termed them are introduced in lieu of
A sufficient
ordinary fire bars and which is carried out in the following manner.
number of tubes are so arranged as to diameter thickness space between &c. to
suit the particular furnace.
The ends of all these tubes debouch into water boxes one water box in the
furnace tube and one water box outside the furnace tube.
The outside water box to have a water inlet pipe connected to it also a water
outlet pipe connected to it.
The inlet and the outlet water pipes to communicate with a receiving and
reservoir vessel over this receiving and reservoir vessel and in connection with it
another vessel is placed filled with rows of tubes running through the two ends of
this said second vessel and in its capacity to act as a steam chamber to the lower
vessel and also by its tubular arrangement to act as a fresh water feed make up
being properly constructed for that purpose.
This fresh water feed make up is especially designed to supply the water tube
fire bar or fire bed with condensed water any excess of water can be used for
main boiler.
The water for vapour forming to be in the inside of the tubes and tube chambers
of the feed water make up and the steam from the receiving or reservoir vessel
outside these said tubes in the feed water make up.
The working action of the forced hot air draft as follows. Air induced by the

page_text: air fan in motion passes through the perforated plate into the top tube chamber at
the end of the horizontal tube arrangement at base of funnel thence through the
rows of tubes belonging to this top chamber into the tube chamber at the other
end then through the lower series of tubes being heated in its passage through all
these tubes. This heated air passes on through the air fan inlet pipe through the
air fan and out through the air fan outlet pipe along this outlet pipe into the air
boxes at back of main boiler and thence through these air box tube connection to
the ash pit of furnaces. The air being further heated in its passage through
these said air box tube connections and so becoming a forced hot air draft.
The working action of the water tube fire bar or fire bed as follows.
The water passes from the receiving and reservoir vessel by a pipe connection to
the water box outside the main boiler.
A division plate is fixed in this outside water box separating a side water tube
fire bar from the rest of the water tube fire bars. The water then passes from
the water box through this separated side water tube into the water box at the
other end of the water tube inside the furnace tube from this inside water box
the water passes through all the other water tubes fire bars into the outside water
box from thence by pipe connection in the form of steam and water to the top
of the receiving and reservoir vessel and there emptying itself into the
receiver.
The steam thus generated passes up into the second overhead vessel or steam
chamber round and about the outside of the tubes in this steam chamber or feed
make up from thence through a pipe connection to one of the slide valve chambers
of main engine to assist in the working of the main engines.
The tubes of the steam chamber or feed make up debouching into boxes at
each end of the feed make up vessel. These tubes being filled with water the
action of steam outside these said tubes generates a vapour and this vapour is
carried by pipe arrangement to the condenser of main engines so affording means
for supplying the water tube fire bars with a continuous condensed water supply
also extra condensed water supply to main boilers. To carry out an efficient
working action of the forced hot air draft
The feed make up and the water tube fire bar or fire bed arrangements necessary
cock valves &c. to be suitably placed where necessary.
The fuel combustion takes place on the water tube fire bed already mentioned
the flame radiant heat &c. passing through the back end of furnace tube
imparting a portion of its heat to the air tubes in the back end of furnace tube
from thence through the flame tubes of main boiler in the ordinary manner to the
uptake.
The air heating tubes in uptake at base of funnel so arranged by a division plate
in uptake forming two separate passages for the escaping heated gases smoke &c.
to the funnel so distributing in a more uniform manner the escaping heat to the
outside of the air heating tubes in uptake at base of funnel.
Dated this First day of June 180%
о
Improvements in and relating to Boilers, and in the Furnaces in
connection therewith.
THOMAS WILLIAM BAILEY 14 Alexandra Road Newport Mon. Marine
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The principal aim of the invention, is to supply hot air at and to the seat of

page_text: combustion of steam boiler, at a high temperature for a better combustion of the
fuel in the furnaces of steam boilers.
The improvements are based on the fact that the temperature point of
combustion, and to sustain combustion, is at or about 1000 degrees Fahrenheit.
Now each ton of coal consumed in ordinary furnaces, requires for proper
combustion about 672,000 cubic feet of air, weighing about 23 tons, this enormous
quantity of air has to be raised from the temperature of the atmosphere to the
combustion temperature point, entering in at the seat of combustion, repressing its
temperature, and exercising a prodigious refrigerating influence at the hottest part,
and then being lost up the funnel at a double volume by expansion at a temperature_
of from six to seven hundred degrees Fahrenheit.
My invention which consists of first heating the air for combustion, from and by
the heated gases at the base of funnel, and further heating this said air for
combustion by a tubular arrangement placed in the lower part of combustion
chamber, and in the back end of furnace tube, behind the furnace bridge, heating
it from the fruits of combustion, after combustion has taken place in the furnaces,
and applying the air in a highly heated state to the seat of combustion.
I have considered and termed my invention an improvement on the present style
of boilers and their furnaces and it is carried out or effected and shewn in the
following manner, in a cylindrical and multitubular boiler (ordinary marine type)
having a number of horizontal tubes placed below the funnel base, the ends of
these tubes passing through tube plates each tube plate to be box enclosed forming
a front and back tube box, one of these tube boxes to have a division plate across
it, so dividing this said tube box into two separate chambers, an upper and lower
chamber.
The front and back tube boxes are closed in at the ends by coverings, or doors,
suitably secured, the end covering or door of the top chamber of the two chambered
tube box, to be perforated. The end covering of the bottom chamber of the two
chambered tube box having an opening left in it, and this opening communicating
by a pipe with the air inlet part of an air fan. The air outlet part of the air fan
extending by a pipe arrangement to air boxes placed at the back end of boiler,
these said air boxes having tubes connected to them. The back end plate of
boiler and the combustion chamber plate in a line or opposite to the furnace tubes,
to be tubular connected by tubes passing through the water space and through
the two plates above mentioned and secured to these two plates, so affording
a passage way for the tube connections belonging to the outside air boxes already
mentioned at the back end of boiler, and these air tube connections passing into
the lower portion of the combustion chamber, theuce through the back end of
furnace tube to ash pit of furnaces. The manner in which the air for combustion
is heated will be described hereinafter.
Ordinary cast iron fire bars with hot air blast or draft would quickly become
burnt. Water tube fire bars, or fire beds as I have termed them, are necessarily
introduced in lieu of ordinary fire bars and this part of my invention is carried out
in the following manner-A sufficient number of tubes are so arranged as to
diameter, thickness, space between, and any other necessity, to suit the particular
furnace arranged for.
The ends of all these tubes debouch into water boxes, one water box in the
furnace tube, and one water box outside the furnace tube, the outside water box
to have a water inlet pipe connected to it, also a water outlet pipe connected to
it. The inlet and the outlet water pipes to communicate with a receiving or
reservoir vessel: over this receiving or reservoir vessel and in connection with it,
another vessel is placed filled with rows of tubes running through the two ends of
this said second vessel, and in its capacity to act as a steam dome or chamber to
the lower vessel, and also by its tubular arrangement to act as a fresh water feed
make up or evaporater, being properly constructed for that purpose having
chambers attached to each end of this said upper vessel, these two chambers being
closed in tube boxes. All valves cocks and necessary gear to be attached to this

page_text: said
upper vessel, so to make it an efficient feed water make up or evaporater, as it.
is designed for fresh water only to be used for the water tube fire bars. The water
for vapour forming to be in the inside of the tubes and tube chambers of the said
feed water make up or evaporater, and the steam from the receiving or reservoir
vessel outside these said tubes of the feed water make up or evaporater.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, represents a side elevation of the air heating tube arrangement at base
of funnel.
A, boiler top. B 2. the uptake..
C2, plates running right across the uptake forming the uptake top plates.
C 3, a lower series of air heating tubes. C4, an upper series of air heating
tubes. D2, a division.plate extending right across the uptake chamber but not
extendir entirely lengthways in this uptake chamber, but forming two passages,
for the smoke and heated gases from uptake to funnel.
L2, a portion of the funnel narrowed at the base. F 3, a division peice, or bar
dividing the tube boxes F 2, & J 2, (into two separate chambers; an upper and
a lower chamber). E2, a perforated plate or door covering the front of the
chamber F2, these perforations of smaller diameter than the diameter of the
opposite tubes, so to distribute the air more uniformly to each tube. The per-
forated plate H 2, serves the same purpose as E2, namely an air equilising
distributor.
W. an air fan or blower
;

page_text: Diameter of furnace tube about 3 feet, outside diameter of water tube fire bars
about 3 inches.
Fig. 4, a plan view of the water tube fire bars or fire bed shewing a sectional
view of the water boxes.
K, the back water tube fire bar water box, shewing the narrow ends of the water
tubes debouching into this said water box K. This water box to be placed inside
the furnace tube resting on a bed or support, not bolted or secured to support, but
having perfect freedom to move backwards or forward in furnace tube length, to
allow or provide for the expansion and contraction of the water tube fire bars.
L, the front water tube fire bar box, shewing the water tube fire bars
debouching into the water box.
J, the water tube fire bars, shewing one end debouching or passing into the
water box L, also shewing the other narrowed end passing into the water box K.
This said other end or back end of J, being smaller than the front end at L.
This back end to be screw threaded leaving a shoulder on the tube, and this end
screwed into the metal of K, the shoulder bedding on K, and the tube secured by
out inside of the water box K. The front end of the tubes J, entering into the
water box L, to be expanded water tight in tube holes of water box L.
P, a division peice or bar separating the tubes J, at the front end from the
ube U, so forming the chamber R.
R, a separated portion of the water box L. U, a side water tube fire bar having
both ends of the same diameter, one end expanded water tight in tube plate hole of
chamber R, the other end in like manner expanded water tight in tube plate hole
of water box K.
The water boxes L, & K, are protected from actual contact with the fire, as
well as the ends of the water tube fire bars entering these boxes, by fire proof
bricks, or fire proof substance, as shewn in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5, represents a front elevation of a cylindrical shaped multitubular boiler,
shewing the furnace tubes with the water tube fire bar water boxes in about the
position they would be placed for a boiler of three furnaces.
A, the boiler.
B, the mouth or front end of the furnace tubes shewing the water boxes in
position.
.
>
G2, a front view of the tube box of the tubular air heating arrangement at base
of funnel. The tubes are not shewn, but as many air heating tubes to be
introduced as will not curtail the draft to funnel.
B 2, the uptake.
Fig. 6, represents a back elevation of a cylindrical shaped multitubular boiler,
shewing the air boxes and the air pipes at the back of the boiler.
A, the boiler.
F, the air boxes.
G, the air pipe leading from the fan outlet V, Fig. 1, to the air boxes F.
F2, & J 2, a back view of the tube box of the tubular air heating arrangement at
base of funnel; it is divided into two chambers, an upper, and a lower chamber, by
a division peice or bar F 3.
J 2, the lower chamber is connected to the air fan W, as shewn in Fig. 1.
The tubes are not shewn but as many tubes to be introduced as will not curtail
the draft to funnel.
F 3, the division peice or bar dividing the back tube box into two separate
chambers, F 2, & J 2.
Fig. 7, represents a side elevation of the receiving or reservoir vessel in connection
with the water tube fire bars, also shewing the combined steam dome or chamber
and feed water make up or evaporator, connected to it.
M 2, the water tube fire bar receiving or reservoir vessel, shewing the internal
pipe Y.
*S, the water outlet pipe from M 2, leading and connected to the pipe S, Fig. 3.
:
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page_text: A cock or valve to be placed between these connections for each furnace. The
pipe S, on M 2, to be branch connected to each furnace water box L.
T, the water and steam inlet pipe leading and connected to the pipe T, Fig. 3,
a like connection to each furnace water box L, a nonreturn valve box and valve
to be placed between the connections T, for each furnace water box L.
Y, an internal pipe centrally under the inlet pipe T, and centrally leading to the
bell mouthed portion of the pipe S. N 2, a tubular connection between M 2, and
the steam dome S 2.
S2, a steam dome or chamber in connection with M 2, and in its capacity and
tubular arrangement acting as a steam dome and feed water make up or
evaporator.
R2, a tube chamber in connection with the feed water make up or evaporater,
shewing the tube plate and the tube ends, in the chamber. The tube plate in this
chamber R 2, is secured to S 2, by a compensating expansion ring, to permit of
a free expansion of the whole body of the tubes with the tube plate in connection,
so avoiding leaky tubes.
P 2, a tube chamber in connection with the feed water make up. or evaporater,
the tube plate in this chamber has no compensating expansion ring, as in R 2, but
fixed rigidly to S 2.
M2, & S 2, to be fitted with all necessary valves, cocks, and the like, which
would be common to a receiving or reservoir vessel, and to a feedwater make up or
evaporater.
Fig. 8, represents a view of one of the air boxes in about the position opposite
to the furnace tube at the back end of boiler. The dotted circle represents the
furnace tube circle.
E, the air heating tubes projecting into the air box F, these tubes to be of a
sufficient diameter to carry the necessary volume of air to the furnaces, and of a
suitable thickness, to withstand the temperature of the heated gases. The
circulation of the air through these tubes will afford protection, and when the air
ceases to flow, the fire ceases to burn. Five tubes are shewn with about 3 inches
space between each tube, all these air tubes easily renewable whilst under steam
and fires burning.
F, one of the air boxes in about the position opposite the furnace tube, shewing
the air tubes E, projecting into it, also shewing the communication with the air
tube or pipe G, and shewing the throttle valve to regulate the air admission to the
furnaces.
G, an air pipe or tube in connection with all the air boxes F, and connected to
air outlet V, on air fan W, Fig. 1.
Fig. 9, represents a front end elevation of M2, & S 2. Shewing the inlet
pipe T, and the outlet pipe S. The feed water make up tubes are not shewn, but
as many tubes as can be conveniently fixed throughout the area of the tube plate
to be placed.
Fig. 10, represent a back end elevation of M 2, & S 2.
The figures in the several drawing sheets are not uniform in scale one with
another. They are simply drawn in size to suit the space on drawing sheet.
The working action of the water tube fire bars or fire bed, is as follows; when
the fires are started in the furnace, a circulation of water & steam takes place
throughout the whole arrangement. Water from M 2, Fig. 7, passes through the
pipe S, Fig. 7, & S, Fig. 3, into R, Fig. 3, then through the side tube U, into the
back water tube box K, Fig. 4, from thence circulating into and along the fire bar
tubes J, into the front water tube box L, from L, Fig. 3, up through the pipe T,
along the pipe T, the water and steam empties itself into the internal pipe Y,
in M 2, Fig. 7, circulating in this manner for each furnace. The steam from this
said circulating steam and water rises from M. 2, passes up through passage N. 2,
into the steam dome S 2, circulating round about the outside of the tubes forming
the feedwater make up or evaporater, heating the water contained in the inside of

page_text: these said tubes passing from the steam dome S 2, through a valve and pipe
arrangement to one of the slide valve chambers of main engines, at an arranged
pressure say, 25 lbs., to the square inch. Safety valve, water gauge, feed check
valve box, and the like, to be placed where needed, only condensed water to be
used for the water tube fire bars, the tube arrangement in the steam dome of M. 2,
being designed for that purpose, any excess of water can be used for main boiler
use. The tubes in S 2, and the tube chambers P 2, & R 2, being partly filled
with water or partly full of water.
The steam outside the tubes in S 2, evaporates the water inside the tubes, the
vapour thus generated passes by a valve and pipe arrangement to the main engine
condenser. Automatic feed water fittings connected to the main-engine circulating
pump, water changing, & water gauge arrangement, and the like, fitted as_
required.
It is designed that all exhaust steam from the auxiliary engines, such as donkey,
steering, winch, and windlass engines, exhaust into the steam dome of M 2, and
from thence to a slide valve chamber of main engine, when main engine working.
Donkey pumping arrangement to be connected to either chamber, P 2, or R 2,
with an overboard outlet at the opposite chamber to the inlet; this water pumping
arrangement for use when main engines stopped, and for use when working cargo
in port, pumping arrangement, to carry off the water accumulation from, and at a
certain water level of M 2, to the donkey boiler, or main boiler. The feed water
make up then acting in the capacity of a condenser for all exhaust and waste steam.
The water pumped through the tubes in S 2, at this particular condenser occasion
will suffice to clear the feed water make up tubes of all scale formed during the
working period as a feed water make up.
An unloaded screw adjustable self acting relief valve, to be fitted on the steam
dome S2, this said valve open to the atmosphere so to prevent the exhaust
steam on this said condensing occasion rising in pressure above the atmo-
sphere.
The working action of the air heating arrangement as follows,
Q
Fires underway, air fan in motion, air from the atmosphere passes through the
perforations E2, Fig. 1, into the chamber F 2, then through the upper series of
tubes C4, into the tube box G 2, then through the perforated covering H 2, then
through the lower series of tubes C 3, into the lower tube chamber J 2, then
through the pipe K 2, regulated by the throttle valve, into the air fan W,
then out through the outlet V, into the pipe G. The air thus far being heated to
a certain temperature is now ready for the second heating process. The air now
passes from pipe G, through the throttle passage into the back air box F, then
through the air tubes E, down through the tube I, then through the passage H, at.
a high temperature into the ash pit or chamber N, underneath the water tube fire
bars J, then up through the passage or spaces between the tubes J, into the fire for
combustion. The air thus in its highly heated state not repressing the combustion
temperature, but accelerating combustion, at the seat of combustion, and this I have
termed an improvement.
The working action of the fuel combustion and heated gases, incidental to the
improvements, as follows.
The highly heated air for combustion rising from N, Fig. 2, into the glowing
fuel causes an incandescent temperature and fuel combustion, thereby a good
combustion and economy of fuel. The heated gases and flame thus formed passes
over the furnace bridge, the radiating heat from these gases impinging on the air
heating tubes E, & I,-heating the air inside these said tubes-from thence into
the combustion chamber, through the boiler flame tubes, into the smoke box,
thence up through the uptake B 2, Fig. 1, passing through at the end of uptake
top C 2, thence round about and along the outside of the lower series of tubes C 3,
from thence up through the passage formed and left by the division plate D 2,
passing round about and along the outside of the upper series of tubes C 4, from
thence to the funnel L 2. During the passage of the heated gases around about.

page_text: and along the outside of the two series of tubes C 3, & C 4, the air inside the two
series of tubes C 3, & C4, becomes raised in temperature. This double circula-
tion of the air in the air heating tubes at base of funnel, the air heating tubular
arrangement at the back end of furnace tube behind the furnace bridge, and
the double circulation of the smoke, and heated gases through the passages formed
by the division plate D2, Fig. 1, I have termed improvements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. For an air heating tubulous structure placed between the smoke box top
and funnel base of steam boilers, and divided into two separate series of tubes by
division bars, plates, or the like, so affording the means of a volume of air being
heated whilst passing through one series of tubes in the air heating tubulous
structure, and the same volume of air being further heated by passing through the
second series of tubes in the air heating tubulous structure, and so affording
thereby, a double circulation of the same volume of air, and a greater temperature
of the same, before entering the furnace for combustion.
2nd. For a tubulous structure placed in the space behind and past the furnace
bridge of steam boilers. For the purpose of heating the air for combustion before
entering the furnace fire, the radiant heat from the furnace after passing over the
furnace bridge, impinging on the outside of the tubulous structure, and heating the
air inside the tubes of this tubulous structure.
3rd. For an air heating tubulous structure placed between the smoke box top
and funnel base of steam boilers, and so fitted with division plates, or the like, that
this air heating tubulous structure, is divided into two separate passages, or
channels, for the smoke and heated gases on its way to the funnel: and by this
means a volume of smoke and heated gases having passed through one passage, or
channel, in the tubulous structure, the same volume would pass through a second
passage in this tubulous structure, before entering the funnel, thus circulating the
smoke and heated gases twice, within the air heating tubulous structure, and
thereby heating the air inside the tubes of this air heating tubulous structure, to a
greater temperature.
4th. For a separate water and steam receiving or reservoir vessel for the
circulation of the water in water tube fire bars, not bodily connected, or being a
portion of the main boiler, but a separate construction.
5th. For a steam dome in connection with the aforesaid water tube fire bar
receiving or reservoir vessel, having a tubular arrangement in the interior, and
acting in its tubular capacity as a feed water make up or evaporater, as well as a
steam dome.
6th. For a water tube fire bar arrangement as set forth in the Specification and
drawings.
7th. For the admission of the air for combustion by a tubulous arrangement
entering in at the back of steam boiler furnace tubes.
Dated this 28th day of February 1896.
T. W. BAILEY.