Improvements in connection with Heating-apparatus.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Aug., 1895
ention
2016
4006 Accented
22nd
Ax
1000
Improvements in connection with Heating-apparatus.
I, ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE, of Upton Grange, Macclesfield, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for object to enable the hot delivery from a liquid forcing
apparatus such as an injector (preferably one worked by exhaust steam), or a
pump, to be utilized for heating purposes, the flow of water being so controlled
that the whole or any desired proportion of the delivery may be passed through a
heating device as required, without interfering in the latter case, with the escape
of the remaining portion of the delivery which may not be required for heating
purposes.
In one arrangement for this purpose, the delivery pipe of the injector or pump
is provided with one or more branch-pipes to convey away therefrom water for
heating-purposes, and at a point further away from the injector or the pump
(hereinafter referred to as the injector), there is inserted in the delivery-pipe a
loaded valve (hereinafter referred to as a resistance-valve) the load on which has
a tendency to keep the valve closed, the arrangement being such that when the
branch-pipe or pipes is or are open, the resistance to the flow of water therethrough
is less than that offered by the resistance-valve, which will consequently remain
closed unless the quantity of water issuing from the injector be too great to pass
through the branch pipe or pipes at a pressure equal to the resistance of the
valve.
The flow of water through each branch-pipe may be controlled by a hand-valve
or by an adjustable loaded valve, or by an automatic valve (hereinafter referred
to as a thermo-regulator) operated by temperature, which may be that of the
water passing through it. These valves and thermo-regulators may be placed in
In some cases
any suitable positions in the pipes but preferably at the exit end.
where hand or weighted valves are used I fix a thermometer in the pipe to enable
the operator to better control the temperature at which the water is passing through
the pipe. In some cases where thermo-regulators are used, the resistance-valve
may be dispensed with.
Each branch-pipe may sometimes return to the delivery-pipe at the side of the
resistance-valve further from the injector, and in that case its regulating valve or
thermo-regulator will preferably be arranged near the place where it rejoins the
delivery-pipe. A non-return valve may be placed in each branch-pipe, between its.
thermo-regulator and its terminal junction with the delivery-pipe, for the
purpose of preventing the hotter water of the delivery-pipe from passing back-
wards along the branch-pipe to the thermo-regulator and so interfering with its
action.
Instead of providing each heating-pipe with a separate connection or separate
connections to the delivery-pipe, a plurality of heating-pipes may branch off from
a single branch-pipe of the delivery-pipe and may have a common return-pipe
leading to the delivery-pipe. Each heating-pipe may then be provided with a
regulating valve or a thermo-regulator, and in the latter case, with a non-return
valve as hereinbefore described. The branch-pipe may, if desired, be connected
to the return-pipe.

page_text: The water may finally be forced into a boiler or used for other purposes.
Where the quantity used for heating is greater than that required for boiler
feeding or other purposes, the surplus may, in some cases, be used over and over
again for the injector; if it be too hot for this purpose it or a portion of it may
be mixed with cold water e.g. that used for boiler-feeding, so as to reduce it, or
a portion of it, to a temperature at which it will be suitable for use in the
injector.
Apparatus according to this invention may advantageously be applied to the
heating of railway trains. In this case the injector or pump may conveniently
draw its supply of water from a tank on the engine or tender and deliver into a
pipe composed of coupled sections, extending along the train and connected
through a resistance valve with the return pipe which is connected at its forward
end with the said tank. Arranged in parallel across the two pipes, are branch pipes
for conveying hot water to the beating devices, such as heat radiators, arranged
in circuit therewith, these branch pipes being each provided with a regulating
valve, or thermo-regulator, as herein before mentioned. Each compartment of the
carriage can have a separate regulating valve if required; or one or more com-
partments, or one or more entire carriages can be regulated by one valve or
thermo-regulator placed near the exit end of the corresponding branch pipe the
heating devices in the several compartments or carriage being arranged in series.
The return water is led back to the tender where it mingles with the cold water
being thereby reduced in temperature and made fit for use again by the injector.
The injector can be made to work either by live or exhaust steam as required.
If an exhaust injector is used, it may be arranged to work by exhaust steam when
the engine is running, and by live steam when the engine is standing. The
lengths of delivery and return pipes on each carriage may be connected by a pipe
provided with a resistance valve such as described.
Dated this 28th day of August 1805
Improvements in connection with Heating-apparatus.
I, ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE, of Upton Grange, Macclesfield, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for object to enable the hot delivery from a liquid-forcing
apparatus, such as an injector (preferably one worked by exhaust-steam), or a
pump, to be utilised for heating-purposes, the flow of water being so controlled
that the whole or any desired proportion of the delivery may be passed through
a beating-device as required, without interfering, in the latter case, with the escape
of the remaining portion of the delivery, which may not be required for heating
purposes.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I will describe it with: the
aid of the accompanying drawings, which represent several examples of arrange-
ments in accordance. therewith.
'
י
In the arrangement shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1, the delivery pipe 1 of
the injector or other liquid-forcing: apparatus. 2 (hereinafter referred to as the
injector) is provided with athranch pipe 3, to convey away therefrom water for
heating-purposes in a heating device or devices indicated diagrammatically at .3ª,

page_text: and at a point further away from the injector 2 there is inserted in the delivery-
pipe 1 a loaded valve 4 (hereinafter referred to as a resistance-valve) the load on
which has a tendency to keep the valve closed, the arrangement being such that
when the branch-pipe 3 is open, the resistance to the flow of water therethrough
is less than that offered by the resistance-valve 4, which will consequently remain
closed unless the quantity of water issuing from the injector 2 be too great to pass
through the branch pipe 3 at a pressure not greater than the resistance offered by
the valve 4, in which case a part or the whole of the water will pass through the
resistance valve.
The flow of water through the branch-pipe 3 is controlled by a valve 5 that
may be a hand-valve, or an adjustably loaded valve, or an automatic valve (herein-
after referred to as a thermo-regulator) operated by temperature which may be
that of the water passing through it. The valve or thermo-regulator may be
placed in any suitable position in the branch pipe but preferably at the exit end
thereof as shown.
The branch-pipe 3 or each such pipe if there be more than one, may sometimes
return to that part 1 of the delivery-pipe at the side of the resistance-valve 4
further from the injector 2, as in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, and in that
case its regulating-valve or thermo-regulator, as the case may he will preferably
be arranged near the place where it rejoins the said part 1 of the delivery-pipe.
When a thermo-regulator 5 is used, a non-return valve 6 may be placed in each
branch-pipe between its thermo-regulator and its terminal junction with the delivery
pipe 1, for the purpose of preventing any hotter water which may have passed
through the resistance valve or from any other heating pipe into the return pipe
from passing backwards along the branch-pipe to the thermo-regulator and so
interfering with its action.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an arrangement in which there are several branch
pipes 3 serving as or provided with heating devices and having valves 5 and 6
these branch pipes being placed between the two portions 1, 1ª of the delivery
pipe which are also connected either through the loop-shaped end 1º, or a cross
pipe 1 (shown in dotted lines) in which is the resistance valve 4.
In some cases where hand or weighted valves are used, I fix a thermometer in
the pipe to enable the operator better to control the temperature at which the
water shall pass through the pipe. Also in some cases, where thermo-regulators 5
are used, the resistance-valve 4 may be dispensed with.
Instead of providing each heating-pipe with a separate connection or separate
connections to the delivery pipe, a plurality of heating-pipes may, branch off from
a single branch-pipe of the delivery pipe and have a common return-pipe leading
to the delivery pipe. Each heating-pipe may then be provided with a regulating-
valve or a thermo-regulator 5, and in the latter case, with a non-return valve 6 as
bereinbefore described. The branch-pipe may, if desired, be connected direct to
the return-pipe.
Fig. 3 is a partial elevation of an installation of combined sets of heating-
apparatus each arranged as just referred to. 1 are the delivery-pipes of the
injectors 2, and 3 are branch-pipes, from each of which branch off heating-pipes 7
which are connected in each case to a common return-pipe 1ª. 4 are the resistance-
valves in the delivery-pipes, which are connected to a common pipe 1, which is also
joined by the return-pipes 1ª and from which the water that has passed through the
heating-pipes may run to waste or into a cooling tank preparatory to subsequent
re-use. Each pipe 3 is provided with a gauge 8 to indicate the pressure of water
therein. In order to indicate the temperature of the heating-water on entering the
heating-pipes there is provided at the junction of each set of heating-pipes 7 with
the corresponding branch-pipe 3 a thermometer 9, whose bulb is located within the
pipe 3; and to enable the operator better to regulate, by means of the hand-
valves 5, the flow of water through the heating-pipes 7 in accordance with
requirements, a thermometer 10 is similarly arranged at the outlet end of each
heating-pipe 7. The injectors 2 which discharge into the delivery pipes 1, are of

page_text: the exbaust-type and are supplied with exhaust-steam through pipes 11 connected
to a common pipe 12; to enable the injectors to be worked by live steam when
necessary there are provided live-steam pipes 13, which have branches 14 for
furnishing supplementary live-steam jets to assist the exhaust-steam; the main
supplies of exhaust and live steam and the supplementary supply of live steam
are controlled by means of valves 11, 13* and 14ª respectively. Water is
supplied to the injectors by a common pipe 15 through branch-pipes 16 provided
with cocks 16". 17 are pipes for leading away the overflow-water from the
injectors; they are connected to a common pipe 18. It will be obvious that any
desired number of sets of heating-apparatus may be combined together in the
manner shown, the pipes 1b, 12, 15 and 18 being common to them all.
The water may finally be forced into a boiler, or used for other purposes.
Where
the quantity used for heating is greater than that required for boiler-feeding or
other purposes, the surplus inay, in some cases, be used over and over again for the
injector. If it be too hot for this purpose, it or a portion of it may be mixed with
cold water-such as that used for boiler-feeding-so as to reduce it, or a portion
of it, to a temperature at which it will be suitable for use in the injector.
Apparatus according to this invention may advantageously be applied to the
heating of railway trains. Fig. 4 shows diagrammatically a train composed of an
engine with its tender, and two carriages, each having four compartments fitted
with my apparatus. In this case the injector 2 may conveniently draw its
supply of water from a tank 19 on the tender 20, or it may be on the engine,
and deliver into a pipe 1 composed of coupled sections extending along the train
and connected through a resistance valve 4 with the return pipe 1ª which is
connected at its forward end with the tank 19. Arranged in parallel across the
two pipes 1 and 1ª are branch pipes 3 in which or connected with which are
the heating devices 7ª, such as heat-radiators, these branch-pipes being each
provided with a regulating valve, or thermo-regulator 5 with, it may be, a non-
return valve 6, as hereinbefore mentioned. Each compartment 21 of a carriage
can have a separate regulating-valve, as shown in Fig. 4, if required; or two
(or more) compartments 21 (as shown in Fig. 5, which is a diagrammatic plan of a
single carriage) or one or more entire carriages can be regulated by one valve or
thermo-regulator 5 placed near the exit end of the corresponding branch-pipe 3,
the heating devices 7* in the several compartments or carriages so regulated
being arranged in series. The return water is led back to the tank 19 on the
tender, where it mingles with the cold water, being thereby reduced in
temperature and made fit for use again by the injector 2. The injector can be
made to work by either live or exhaust steam as required. If an exhaust-injector
is used, it may be arranged to be worked by exhaust-steam when the engine is
running, and by live steam when the engine is standing. The lengths of delivery
and return pipes 1 and 1° on each carriage may be connected by a pipe 1 located
either as shown by full lines or by dotted lines in Fig. 5 and provided with a
resistancc-valve 4 such as described.
Each hand operated valve 5 hereinbefore referred to, may be of ordinary and
suitable construction, as also may each of the loaded valves the load being produced
by a compressed spring or by a weighted lever as well understood. A suitable
construction of thermo-regulator for the purpose of my invention is illustrated in
Fig. 6 which is a side elevation thereof partly in section and with the cover removed.
It comprises a casing 22 having an inlet opening at 23 for hot water and an outlet
therefor at 24, the inlet being controlled by a conical valve 25, fast on one end of a
spindle 26. This spindle is secured to one end of a closed curved tube 27 that is
charged with a volatile liquid such as petroleum spirit and the other end of
which is pressed against an adjustable stop 28 by a spring 29 interposed between
the said end and a fixed lug 30 in the casing 22. The arrangement is such that
normally the valve 25 will be held open by the tube 27 so that hot water can
flow through the tube 3 (Figs. 1 to 5), and the attached heating device, and
thermo-regulator but upon the temperature of the escaping water rising beyond a

page_text: predetermined degree it will cause the volatile liquid in the tube 27 to volatilize
and exert sufficient internal pressure on the tube to cause the latter to unbend and
close the said valve, thereby automatically stopping the flow of water through the
heating device. To enable the temperature at which the tube 27 will close the
inlet 23 to be varied the stop 28 is made in the form of a cam, as shown, arranged
to bear on a correspondingly formed surface on the fixed end of the tube and carried
by a rotary spindle 30* that is fixed end ways, extends through a stuffing box 31 and
is provided with an operating handle that serves also as an index in conjunction
with a fixed scale and by turning which the position of the closed tube in the casing
can be varied relatively to the inlet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Apparatus comprising a delivery pipe connected with an injector or other
forcing device for supplying hot liquid thereto, and provi led with a loaded escape
valve, and one or more heating pipes with valves connected to the delivery pipe
between the liquid forcing device and the loaded. valve, the arrangement being such
that upon the heating pipe or pipes being open liquid will be caused to flow there-
through by the reason of the loaded valve being closed, but such valve will open
when the load thereon is exceeded and permit such liquid as cannot pass through the
heating pipe or pipes to escape past it, substantially as described.
2. Apparatus of the kind specified in the preceding claim in which several
heating-pipes are supplied with hot liquid from the same delivery-pipe and are
connected to a common pipe arranged to return the hot liquid to the delivery
pipe, the supply of the hot liquid from the delivery pipe and its return thereto
being arranged to take place on opposite sides of the loaded or resistance valve,
substantially as herein before described.
3. Apparatus of the kind specified in Claim 1, in which the heating-pipe or each
of them is provided with an automatic thermo-regulator arranged to act substantially
as herein described.
4. The combination with a pipe connected with an injector or other device for
supplying hot water thereto and with a heating device, of a thermo-regulator
acting to control the escape of water from the pipe substantially as herein
described.
5. Apparatus comprising a delivery pipe connected to an injector or other device
for supplying hot liquid thereto and provided with heating pipes that are connected
together at their outlet ends by a common discharge pipe and are each provided
with a thermo-regulator and with a non-return valve between its thermo-regulator
and the discharge pipe, substantially as herein before described, whether or not.
the delivery and discharge pipe be connected through a resistance-valve as set
forth.
6. My improved apparatus for heating purposes constructed, arranged and
operating as herein before described with reference respectively to and shown in
Fig. 1; in Fig. 2; in Fig. 3; and in Fig. 4, or modified according to Fig. 5 of the
drawings annexed.