AN IMPROVED TIGHTENING AND LOCKING. BOLT AND NUT
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Scott of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED TIGHTENING AND LOCKING. BOLT AND
NUT."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Scott'at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1882.
HENRY SCOTT, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster
TIGHTENING AND LOCKING BOLT AND NUT"
"AN IMPROVED
My Invention relates to an improved tightening and locking bolt and nut and
is applicable also as a device for securing wheels to their axles and for various
other useful purposes.
My Invention consists in forming the screwed, or threaded part of the bolt with
a longitudinal slot, or saw cut through such screwed, or threaded part from the
bottom to the end of the screwed, or threaded part. Fitting over the screwed, or
threaded part, I use a 1 shaped ring washer the ring of which passes over the
thread of the bolt, and the stem comes, or takes in the before mentioned slot, or
B&W cut. The stem of the washer may have a very slight taper, and is formed
with a slot, or hole to receive a key, or pin which may be split, or tapered. Over
the screwed part of the bolt and above the washer and of depth rather less than
the stem of the washer, I use an ordinary nut, tapped to correspond with the screw
of the bolt, the slotted stem of the washer projecting just above the nut, so that,
the key, or pin will pass therethrough. The top side of the nut may be provided
with grooves to receive the underside of the key, or pin. Instead of using a key,
or pin the sides of the slotted portion of the bolt may be serrated and the stem of
the washer serrated to correspond. The slight taper on the stem of the washer.
springs out the bolt as the nut is screwed on and drives the washer before it the
serrations of the washer stem tightens the nut by such springing out and effectually
ocks the nut from unturning.
By constructing a bolt and nut with the stemmed washer, as above described, I¨
obtain a secure bolt and nut tightening and locking device, applicable to bolts and
uts generally, and applicable also for tightening, locking and securing nuts onto
he end of any screwed rod, axle, or bar. When used as a means for securing
wheels to their axles, the nave of the wheel comes between a collar on the axle and
he washer,
By my Invention nuts can be tightened and locked on their.bolts if the nut has
nly taken one or two threads of the screw, or however far the nut may be screwed
n the bolt.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Scott in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th May
--
1883.
HENRY SCOTT, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster "AN IMPROVED
TIGHTENING AND LOCKING BOLT AND NUT
"
My Invention relates to an improved tightening and locking bolt and nut and
is applicable also as a device for securing wheels to their axles and for various
other useful purposes.
My Invention consists in forming the screwed, or threaded part of the bolt with
a longitudinal slot, or saw cut through such screwed, or threaded part from the
bottom to the end of the screwed, or threaded part. Fitting over the screwed, or
threaded part, I use a 1 shaped ring washer, the ring of which passes over the
thread of the bolt, and the stem comes, or takes in the before mentioned slot, or
saw cut. The stem of the washer may have a very slight taper and is formed with
a slot, or hole to receive a key, or pin, which may be split, or tapered. Over the
screwed part of the-bolt and above the washer and of depth rather less than the
stem of the washer, I use an ordinary nut, tapped to correspond with the screw of
the bolt, the slotted stem of the washer projecting just above the nut, so that the
key, or pin will pass therethrough. The top side of the nut may be provided with
grooves to receive the underside of the key, or pin. Instead of using a key, or pin
the sides of the slotted portion of the bolt may be serrated and the stem of the
washer serrated to correspond. The slight taper on the stem of the washer springs
but the bolt as the nut is screwed on and drives the washer before it, the serration.
of the washer stem tightens the nut by such springing out and effectually locks the
nut from unturning.
By constructing a bolt and nut with the stemmed washer as above described, I
obtain a secure bolt and nut tightening and locking device, applicable to bolts and
nuts generally, and applicable also for tightening, locking and securing nuts onto
the end of any screwed rod, axle, or bar. When used as a means for securing
wheels to their axles, the nave of the wheel comes between a collar on the axle and
the washer.
By my Invention nuts can be tightened and locked on their bolts if the nut has
only taken one, or two threads of the screw, or however far the nut may be screwed
on the bolt,
The beforegoing being the nature object and purposes of my Invention I will
"now proceed to describe more in detail how the same may be carried out into
practical effect, and for that purpose I have hereunto annexed three sheets of
Drawings which are marked with figures and letters of reference corresponding
with those in the following explanation, the same letters and figures being used
to denote the same, or corresponding parts throughout the various views and
figures

page_text: Figure 24 is a sectional clevation of ring washer.
Figure 25 is an end view of Figuro 24.
On reference to the Drawings it will be seen that my Invention consists in
forming the screwed, or threaded part of the bolt A with a longitudinal slot or
saw cut B as shown in the bolt illustrated at Figures 2 and 3 and the axle illus-
trated at Figures 7, 8, 13, 14 and Figures 21 and 22. Fitting over the screwed, or
threaded part A of the bolt, or axle I use a shaped ring washer C of the form
illustrated at Figures 5, 6, 15, 10, 24 and 25. The ring of the washer C passes
over the threaded part A of the bolt, or axle and the stem of the washer C comes,
or takes into the slot B as shown at Figures 2, 3, 7, 8, 21 and 22. The stem of
the washer C is provided with a slot, or hole a to receive a key or pin & which
may be split and tapered. Over the screwed part A of the bolt, or axle and above
the ring of the washer C and of depth rather less than the stem of the washer C, I
use a nut D tapped to correspond with the screwed part A of the bolt, or axle.
The stem of the washer C projects just beyond the nut D so that the key d will
pass through the slot a in the stem. The outer end of the nut D is provided with
grooves b to receive the inner edge of the key, or pin d. This description and
reference to Figures 1 to 6 inclusive will explain my Invention as applied to bolts
and nuts generally. It will be seen that in practice the washer C is first shipped
over the screwed part A so that its stem is inserted into the slot B, the nut D is
then screwed on and in screwing up drives the washer C before it. To secure the
nut the key d is inserted through the slot a and so the nut is locked, in whatever
position and to whatever extent the nut D may be screwed onto the end A of the
bolt. By serrating the sides of the slot B and the sides of the stem of the
washer C the key d may be dispensed with in some cases, as in the case of permanent
nuts.
In the application of my Invention as a means of securing wheels to their axles
I use the same essential parts and features as in the bolt and nut, namely
Referenco to Figures 7 to 20 inclusive. The end A of the axle E (see Figures 13
and 14) is formed with the slot B. Over the end A and into the slot B takes the
ring washer C (see Figures 15 and 16). Over the washer C and the end A takes
the nut D (see Figures 17 and 18), the nut D is secured by the key d (see Figures
19 and 20) which takes into the slot a in the washer C. It will be seen that the
axle box on which is secured the nave of the wheel comes between the cupped
collar H and the ring of the washer C. A leather, or equivalent washer I is placed
between the collar H and the shoulder K of the axle box F. The end A of the
axle is enclosed by the cap L screwed onto the inside of the end of the axlo box F.
In practice when the lateral bearing surfaces of the washer C, axle box F and
washer I wear, the axle box thus obtaining lateral play on the axle E, such play is

page_text: taken up by screwing up the nut D and washer C and at the same time does not
require skilled labour.
In the modification of axle securing device shown at Figures 21 to 25 inclusive,
it will be seen that I screw the cap L on to the outside of the axle box F and I
place a leather, or equivalent washer J between the end of the axle box F and the
ring of the washer C.
The advantages claimed by the tightening and locking bolt and nut when
applied to axles and over the old method of right and left hand threaded nuts
are; that the nut D can be adjusted until the leather, or like washer, or washers
used in the axle box is, or are worn away, at the same time the washer C with its
key d travels with the nut D and secures it. Also in washering up axles under
some existing methods the washers have to be cut a given thickness and have to be
proved to be the proper thickness by putting the axle and parts together so that
the linch pin takes its bearing against the outer lock nut. By my Invention this
trouble and loss of time is overcome, as any thickness of washer can be used,
inasmuch as the washer C and the key d travel with the nut and permits of any
thickness of leather, or like washer being used.
Another advantage obtained by my Invention is that the rattle and noise
common to most axles when the washer becomes worn is overcome because by the
use of my Invention the axle can be kept always washered up and the washer C,
being locked with the nut, cannot move.
The advantages obtained by the use of my Invention embrace ;-quietness in
use, simplicity in taking to pieces, and that an unskilled person can washer-up.
Having now described my Invention and shown how the same may be put into
practical use, I would have it understood that it is not limited to any particular
kind of screwed bolt, rod, axle, or bar, but what I claim as my Invention is,
First The device substantially as herein described for tightening and for locking
nuts on screwed bolts, rods, axles, or bars which device consists of a screwed part A
having a slot B and shanked ring washer Cand key d which retain and lock the
nut D in any position in manner as herein set forth and shown in the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Second The improved tightening and locking bolt and nut constructed substan-
tially as herein described and shown in reference to Figures 1 to 6 inclusive of the
Drawings hereto annexed.
Third The use of the device consisting of the screwed axle end A with the slot B,
the shanked washer C, the key d and the nut D as a means of securing axle boxes
to their axles and for "washering-up," arranged and constructed substantially ns
herein described and shown in reference to Figures 7 to 20 inclusive of the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Fourth The use of the device consisting of the screwed axle end A with the
slot B, the shanked washer C, the key d and the nut D, as a means of securing
axle boxes to their axles and for "washering-up," arranged and constructed substan-
tially as herein described and shown in reference to Figures 21 to 25 inclusive of
the drawings hereto annexed.
In Witness whereof, I the said Henry Scott have hereunto set my hand and
seal this fourth day of May in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
L