Improved Railroad Tie or Sleeper.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1891-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Railroad Tie or Sleeper.
I, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a com-
munication to me from abroad by Rufus Osborn, of Tekonsha, Michigan, U.S.A.
Inventor,) to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to an improved railroad tie; and the invention has for its
object to provide a tie which is more durable, and cheaper to manufacture than other
ties of this class at present made.
By this invention a tie is constructed which consists of a metal base-plate, which
is the ordinary length of a sleeper. By means of flanges formed on this bed-
plate is secured a wooden sleeper, which has wings or arms projecting right and
left thereto, in such a position that they come immediately beneath the rails which
are secured thereto. At the extremities of these wings or arms are metal ties, which
consist of sheets of metal which are curved over at their ends to form flanges,
which engage with the arms of the sleeper and hold them in place. These ties
also serve for making a joint between the arms from one sleeper which abut against
the arms from an adjacent sleeper.
By this arrangement a most rigid track is constructed, as will be understood.
J. P. BAYLY,
Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Railroad Tie or Sleeper.
I, JOHN PITT BAYLY, of 18 Fulham Place, Paddington, in the County of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a com-
munication to me from abroad by Rufus Osborn, of Tekonsha, Michigan, U.S.A.
Inventor,) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in certain improvements in the construction of railroad ties,
whereby greater strength, durability, and a uniformity of the T-rail bearing are
obtained thereby, doing away with much of the labour in keeping up a road-bed
where the common wooden or other iron tie is used. This means is accomplished
by making a bed-piece of cast, malleable, forged, or rolled iron or steel of suitable
dimensions for holding and securing into place a cross-tie of wood, and a continuous
cushion or bearing of wood for the T-rail and a further proportion of the road-bed
with a coating of cinders and coal-tar separately or combined as an anti-rust
preparation for the metal used in the construction of my ties.
I am aware that combined iron and wooden ties have been patented, and also
that cinders are used on road-beds, but I am not aware that cinders and coal-tar
preparation has been made a special feature as an anti-rust for metal used in the
construction of ties. Neither am I aware that a combined metal and wooden tie
for the purposes set forth in this Specification has been patented. Therefore I do
not claim broadly the combination of wood and iron or the coal-tar and cinders in
the construction of a tie only as and for the purposes set forth in this Specification.
To enable others skilled in the art to construct my invention I will proceed to
describe my improvements, reference being had to the accompanying drawings
forming a part of this Specification, in which-
Figure 1 is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is an end view looking directly on

page_text: the T-tail ends and showing a cross-sectional view of the rail-road bed with a
coating A of coal-tar, cinders, etc.
Fig. 3 is a side view. Fig. 4 is a direct top view of a cross-tie plate and its
wings. Secured to the right is a coupling and clamps bolted into position.
Fig. 5 is a detail of one end of a cross-tie plate.
Fig. 6 is a detail of a portion of a cross-tie plate and its wings.
In the drawings like letters refer to corresponding parts.
In Fig. 1 a represents a cross-tie of wood, which, with its bed-plate c forms a
rigid connection with its wings d d with the T-rail bearing bb secured by clamps ee
with bolts ff through the coupling g. The tie-plate c is made of plate metal, iron,
or steel, formed into shape by bending its edges upon itself, then turning again its
remaining edges at right angles with the bottom of the plate, leaving a space
between the upturned flaps for holding the cross-tie a of wood. The outer edges of
the wings d d are made in like manner, while their inner edges are left flat and
perforated with elongated or round holes, as shown at h, through which run bolts
for securing in place the clamps e e, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
In Fig. 5, is shown, a portion of a cross tie plate illustrating that part or on a
line with where the wings cross. This portion is bent downward and underneath
the wings dd a distance equal to the thickness and width of the material used in
their construction.
Previous to clamping the tie-plate c of the outer edges of the wings d d, Figs. 5
and 6, they are cut into on their edges the desired depth of the clamp and opposite
the width of the crossing, this portion of the iron is bent upon itself, thereby
making a doubly strong bearing at a point where the strain on the cross-tie comes.
The T-rail bearing & consists of timber of suitable dimensions for securing with
spikes the T-rail k. Said timber should be of sufficient length to extend from
cross-tie to cross-tie; and together with the cross-tie a forms a continuous bearing
for the T-rail k-a desirable objection for securing a uniformity of evenness to the
rail-grade and a surety against breakage of the T-rail, as is often the case where
the wooden tie is used, especially where rails are connected between ties.
The wings d d may be made of a length sufficient to include one or more cross-
ties, the cross-ties being placed with reference to the kind of rolling-stock going
over them closely together for heavy stock, and at a distance apart for light stock,
street railways, on bridges, etc.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 4, e e represent a clamp of plated steel or iron made with a
series of projections 1 on its upper edge. The projections 11 are made at intervals
along the upper edge of the clamp by punching with suitable machinery the metal
in such manner as to leave the metal still in contact, but at an angle from the clamp
itself. On the lower edge of this clamp is a series of bolt-holes m, Fig. 4. The
object of this detachable clamp is to provide an easy and quick method for placing
or taking out and replacing the T-rail bearing without disturbing the rail itself
other than removing the spokes between cross-tics.
To provide an unbroken connection between the wings' ends, and to prevent the
rail-bearing from working in its bed, 9 g represent a coupling-plate of like material
to the tie-plate and wings previously described of sufficient width to cover the joint
where the wings d d unite. This coupling-plate extends from track to track, and
has its ends turned up either square or rounded, as illustrated, and is secured in
place by bolts f. This coupling has a three fold purpose-viz., as a means of firmly
uniting the union of the wings d d, as a method to prevent the spread of the rails
between the cross-ties, and as an intermediate cross-tie.
n, Fig. 4, represents a series of perforations I make in the bottom of the tie-
plate c and the wings d d as a means of letting off such moisture as might collect
and tend to rust the iron and decay the wood used in their construction. In
Fig. 2 A represents a coating of cinders and coal-tar either separately or combined.
This preparation is placed on the road-bed previous to laying the ties, and acts as
an anti-rust foundation for the iron used in my ties, and tends also to keep the metal
from sinking into the ground.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination of the cross-tie a with the bed-plate c, its wings d d, their
clamps e e, and couplings 9 g, secured by bolts ff, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of the wings d d and the clamps e e, securing the T-rail
bearing b, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination of the bed-plate c and the wings d d, with the cinders and
coal-tar preparation A, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1891.
J. P. BAYLY,
Applicant.