IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AND REGULATING THE QUANTITY, OF WATER USED IN WATERCLOSETS AND OTHER CISTERNS OR VESSELS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Ross, of the City of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Brassfounder, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AND REGULATING THE
QUANTITY, OF WATER USED IN WATERCLOSETS AND OTHER CISTERNS OR
VESSELS."
Sealed the 15th May 1874, and dated the 22nd November 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Ross at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd November 1873.
I, WILLIAM Ross, of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AND REGULATING
THE QUANTITY OF WATER USED IN WATERCLOSETS AND OTHER CISTERNS OR
VESSELS," to be as follows:-
The object of this said Invention or improvements consists, first, in
the construction and arrangement of a cistern and the parts of its filling
and discharging mechanism, so that it will allow only a certain desired
A

page_text: quantity of water to flow into it and be delivered from it at one action
or operation into a watercloset below to flush it (or into other receptacle
requiring a measured quantity of liquid to be delivered into it at one
time, and in an improved simple arrangement of these waterclosets or
vessels connected with the said supply cistern above; and secondly, in
an improved construction and arrangement of the parts of a service cock
or tap for the like purpose of supplying a desired quantity of water at
one time from the main supply pipes for other uses and cisterns, all for
the saving of public water in its supply to domestic and other cisterns
or vessels.
The nature and novelty of the first part of this Invention consist in
having only a rectangular or other simple shaped one-chambered service
cistern or chest of the size desired to hold a little more than the quantity
of water (or other liquid) it is desired to discharge from it at each time
and action, and in jointing and fitting the longest end of a small syphon
with float attached by a coupling piece of india-rubber piping on to the
inner projecting end of the discharge pipe of this cistern, and which is
passed out through near the lower part of one end down to the water-
closet to be flushed or to any other vessel, into which the liquid from
the said upper service cistern or chest is to be led or supplied; all so
that the syphon piece and its short upper arm and float attached or
combined are free to move and float up and down on the elastic coupling
pipe as a hinge as it rises and falls in the water by the buoyancy of the
float, which keeps the upper part or bend of the syphon above the
surface of the water unless when pushed or pulled down by two arms or
other equivalent on a cross spindle carried in bearings in the upper edge
of the cistern, preferably the end opposite that to which the discharge
pipe is fitted, and below the lever of and close to the ordinary inlet
valve,' which is fitted there, and should be small, or have only a small
inlet pipe so as to take a considerable time or interval in refilling the
cistern. This spindle has a short cam or wiper piece formed or fitted on
it at nearly right angles to the arms, which press down the float and
syphon piece, so that while doing this the wiper keeps up the inlet
valve lever against a light weight on the outer end of the lever, which
otherwise would fall with the float as it rests on it. The spindle is thus
actuated by a wire or other attachment to one arm of a segmental
counterweighted lever fixed on its one end outside the cistern and
carried down to the ordinary lever of the watercloset below, so that

page_text: when the handle of the watercloset is pulled the wire is drawn down and
turns the spindle, which by its arm presses down the float and top of
syphon, so that the water rises up the short arm over the top, displacing
the air in it and the long arm and discharge pipe so as to set the syphon
in action, which then quickly empties the cistern down to the point
where air enters the short arm of the syphon, which falls with the
water and float until a lip or regulating screw on it comes against the
bottom of the cistern, leaving less or more at the bottom, as may be
desired.
As soon as the person lets down the handle of the closet the weighted
segment of the lever outside brings it back to its normal position, so
that the light weighted lever of the inlet valve opens it so as to slowly
refill the cistern, and while doing so raises the float and syphon, which
raise the lever again and shut the inlet valve when the cistern is filled
to the proper height all ready for the next action of the closet and
cistern.
A segmental slot in the weighted end of the actuating lever outside
with stop pin or other equivalent acts to prevent the spindle from being
turned too far in either direction in pressing down the float and shutting
the inlet valve, and in opening the same again and taking the pressing
lever out of the way of the float when it rises. In this way this service
cistern may be applied to any of the ordinary forms of plug, pan, or
valve closing or other watercloset in use by attaching the lower end of
the wire of its actuating lever to any part of their levers or mechanism
connected with the acting handle, so that the wire will be drawn down,
as explained, and rise when it is let go; and it may also be applied to
the self-acting closets by reversing the lever and its action and so
attaching the wire to the seat of the closet, that when it was pressed
down for use, or to the lid when it was lifted, that it would draw down
the lever and open the inlet cock to fill the cistern, and when the seat or
lid was released the weight on the lever would press down the float and
syphon and flush the closet, leaving the cistern in this case dry in its
normal position of the parts.
When this improved service cistern is applied to a plug closing water-
closet the weight on its actuating lever is dispensed with, and a wire
from it connected to the top of the plug of the closet direct, which thus
forms the weight, and makes a very simple and cheap watercloset
A 2

page_text: arrangement with only a basin and angled pipe leading to the ring
throat seat at the bottom of the plug pipe, which being hollow serves as
an overflow, and is raised by a wire or cord and handle pendant from the
long arm of the acting lever to raise the plug and flush the closet with.
the water in the service cistern above by setting on the syphon in it as
before described.
Although this improved service cistern has only been described as to
and for the flushing of waterclosets it will be understood that it is
equally applicable and designed for delivering equal quantities to other
cisterns or vessels for other purposes requiring such delivered at
intervals, the size of the inlet valve of course regulating the interval or
time the cistern takes to fill to give the desired measured quantity at
each action, regulated by the height to which the float is allowed to rise
before shutting the cock, and the distance the lower end of the short
syphon is allowed to fall before touching the bottom to let in the air,
which is determined by the regulating screw at its lower lip, the syphon
also serving in all cases as an overflow waste pipe to the cistern, the
lever of the stop-cock preventing the float and syphon from rising after
it has shut the cock.
And the nature and novelty of the new or improved service cock or
tap forming the second part of this Invention consists in securing a disc
of india-rubber over the face plate between the two main holes con-
ducting the water from the main service pipes to the swan neck and
other hollow cocks of domestic and other cisterns. The disc is secured
to the said face by screws and a hollow or saucer-shaped cover on the
back, into which back cover chamber a small duct or channel is led
from the main service pipe, and another small channel is led also from
this chamber into the outer case of the hollow tap or key with a
corresponding hole through the key, but. both so placed in relation to
the main inlet of the water to the cock that when the one is shut the
other is open, and so that when the crane or key is fully thrown back or
down both ports may be shut.
The action is as follows:-When both the main and small orifices
from the back chamber are shut as stated the water from the main flows
in through the inlet small hole to the back chamber and presses the disc
against the two openings of the main hole, so that no water from the
main can be drawn off from the cock, even although turned to open the

page_text: main orifice in the key until the key is turned to place the small orifice
through it opposite the small outlet duct from the back chamber, and
this orifice and duct being larger than the small inlet orifice lets the
water escape from the back chamber and thus relieves the pressure on
the back of the india-rubber disc, and allows the pressure of the water
from the main to force the india-rubber disc off its face, less or more,
according to the displacement within the back chamber permitted by the
time the small exit hole in the key is kept open, so that when the key is
turned to shut this small hole and open its main outlet orifice it then
draws water from the main until the india-rubber is again pressed
against its face and main orifices by the pressure of the water admitted
through the small inlet hole to the chamber. Thus the time required to
fill the back chamber by the small orifice is that only during which
water can be drawn from the main at one time or action, so that waste
cannot thus take place by allowing the cock to stand open to either
orifice except the little that can pass through the small outlet orifice
from the back chamber.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Ross in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 18th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
Ross, of the City of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Brassfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Ross, Her special
licence that I, the said William Ross, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Ross, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term.
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
• Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS

page_text: IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AND REGULATING THE QUANTITY OF WATER USED IN
WATERCLOSETS AND OTHER CISTERNS OR VESSELS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Ross, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Ross, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and numerals marked thereon,
and which I have appended for the purpose of showing the best modes
and means I am at present aware of for putting my said Invention into
effect or practice, the same reference letters and numerals indicating the
same or like parts in all the Figures where shown :—
The first part of my said Invention or improvements consists first in
the construction and arrangement of a cistern and the parts of its filling
and discharging mechanism, so that it will allow only a certain desired
quantity of water to flow into it and be delivered from it at one action
or operation into a watercloset below to flush it (or into other receptacle
requiring a measured quantity of liquid to be delivered into it at one
time), and in an improved simple arrangement of these waterclosets or 2
vessels connected with the said supply cistern above.
Figure 1 on the Sheet of Drawings is a vertical section of an improved
overhead supply cistern A'and its fittings, and a watercloset Z, all con-
structed in accordance with and illustrative of one modification of the
first part or improvements of my said Invention; and Figure 2 is a plan a
of the said water supply cistern A and its fittings shown in and corre-
sponding to that shown in Figure 1, the arrows indicating the flow of
the water in the several parts when these and the water are put in
action.
Referring to these Figures 1 and 2, the nature, novelty, and mode of
performing the first part of my said Invention consist in having only a
rectangular or other simple shaped one-chambered service cistern or

page_text: chest A of the size desired to hold little more than the quantity of water
(or other liquid) it is desired to discharge from it at each time and
action, preferably carried on brackets 1 screwed to the side of the wall
at 2 or by other equivalent means over the watercloset or other vessel
into which the regulated quantity is to be delivered or supplied, and in
jointing and fitting the long horizontally disposed end B₁ of a small
oscillating syphon B, B', and float B3 attached to it by a coupling piece
of india-rubber piping B" (or other equivalent joint piece) on to the
inner projecting coupling end B of the discharge pipe B³ of and
preferably passed out through the end of this cistern A below the water
level or towards the lower part, from which it is led down to the usual
inlet water branch z of the watercloset Z to be flushed, or it might be
to any other vessel into which the liquid from the said improved upper
service cistern or chest A is to be led or supplied. A metallic swivelling
joint may be fitted on the coupling piece B and syphon B¹ instead
of flexible pipe B", all in a manner so that the syphon piece formed of
the short vertical and upper arm B, B¹, with float B2 attached or
combined, are free to move or float up or down on or by the elastic
coupling pipe Bч as a hinge as they rise and fall in or with the level of
the water by the buoyancy of the float B³, which keeps nearly the whole
of the upper part or bend 6 of the syphon B, B¹, above the surface of
the water unless when pushed or pulled down into it by the wings 611
and two arms C¹ or other equivalents, which are formed or secured on
the cross spindle C, carried in bearing bushes c in the upper edges or
sides of the cistern A, preferably near the end opposite to that where
the discharge pipe B, Bs, is fitted, and below the light weighted lever D
of and close to the ordinary inlet valve 3, which is fitted at the opposite
end much in a usual manner, and should be small or have only a small
inlet pipe so as when opened to take a considerable time or interval in
refilling the cistern. The spindle C has a short cam or wiper piece Cu
formed or fitted on it at nearly right angles to the arms C³, which press
down the float and syphon piece B, B1, B2, so as to immerse the bend
of the syphon below the water and start it, and while doing this the
wiper C comes under and locks or keeps up the lever D of the inlet
valve 3 against the power of a light weight D¹ on the outer end of the
lever D, which would otherwise fall with the float B³ on the acting
presser 63 of which it rests in its free or normal state. The spindle C
is thus actuated (or turned to set the syphon in action and lock the
inlet valve 3) by the chain e, wire, or other equivalent attached to one

page_text: arm E of the lever E, E¹, fixed on one end outside the cistern A against
the power of the segmental counterweighted lever F fixed on the one
end of the spindle C, also outside the cistern, with a handle e¹ carried
down to near the watercloset Z below, or it might be to the ordinary
lever of the watercloset, so that when the handle e¹ or that of the said
ordinary closet lever is pulled the chain e and arm E are drawn down to
turn the spindle C, which by its arm C¹ presses down the float B² and
top part 6 of syphon B, B¹, so that the water rises up the short arm B
over the top bend b, displacing the air in it and the long arm B¹ and
discharge pipe B1, B³, so as to set the syphon in action, which then
quickly empties the cistern A. down to near the bottom or the point 6111,
where air enters the short arm B of the syphon, which falls with the
water and float until the lowest point of the bevelled dip end B or an
equivalent regulating screw on it comes against the bottom of the cistern,
leaving less or more at the bottom, as may be desired, before the air
enters the open angled part 611 above the water to stop the action of the
syphon. A small hole 6¹ may be made in the upper bend 6 of the syphon
B, B', to admit a little air and assist or insure its complete stoppage
when it falls to the bottom should the water be conveyed into the cistern
fast enough to keep it in partial or slow action. While so delivering
the whole contents of the cistern A into the ring flushing basin 4 of the
ordinary simple construction of overflow plug closet Z shown (although
it might be another construction of closet) to flush it, but preferably
of the plug discharge pipe class, so that the plug 5 may be worked in
the new or improved manner shown by a chain e³ or other equivalent
carried up and attached to the back arm E¹ of the actuating lever E, E¹,
all simultaneously so as to open the discharge plug 5 at the time of
emptying the cistern and flushing the closet and shutting it again.
As soon as the chain e is released by the person letting go the handle e¹
(or that of the watercloset according to its manner of attachment) the
weighted segment or lever F outside brings the spindle C and its levers
C, C¹, and E, E¹, back to the usual position, so that the light weighted
lever D, D¹, and the inlet valve 3 opens so as to slowly refill the cistern A
again after the water which was in it had flushed the basin 4 and then
water seal it and the plug 5 of the closet Z and which was let down in
the meantime by the release of the chain e. The said refilling of the
vessel A gradually raises the float B' and syphon B, B¹, which raises the
lever D, D¹, again and shuts the inlet valve 3 by the acting press b²,

page_text: .
when the cistern is filled to the proper height all ready for the next
action of the cistern and flushing of the closet Z, all as shown in
Figure. 1. The syphon B, B¹, also acts as the waste overflow pipe down
to the closet, and the plug 5 over the top below the cap 5¹ acts as the
overflow from the closet. The slot or recess in the segmental weighted
back actuating lever F outside with a stop shoulder, pin, or other
equivalent at F¹ acts to prevent the spindle C from turning too far in
either direction, first, in locking the lever D, D', to keep the valve 3
shut, and in pressing down the float B2 and syphon, or in opening the
valve 3 again and taking the pressing levers C¹ out of the way of the
float B, when both are raised. In this way this improved service
cistern A and its fittings, as shown, may be applied to any other of the
ordinary forms of plug, pan, or valve closing, or other ordinary water-
closet in use by attaching the lower end of the chain or wire e³ of the
actuating lever E, E¹, to their plug 5 direct; or it might be the chain e
to any part of their levers or mechanism usually connected with and
actuated by the ordinary closet handle, so that when the wire or chain e
is drawn down, or the ordinary handle of the closet pulled up, the cistern
discharges its measured quantity of water and flushes the closet, all as
herein-before explained.
And it will be seen that this arrangement of cistern may also be
applied to self-acting waterclosets by reversing the lever E, E, and
counterweight F and their action, and so attaching the chain e to the
seat of the closet that it is pressed down or its lid is lifted for use the
chain e would draw down the lever E and open the inlet cock 3 to fill the
cistern A, and when the chain 3 was released by the raising of the seat
or closing of the lid the weighted lever F would in this case press down
the float B and syphon B, B¹, and flush the closet, allowing the acting
parts of the cistern to assume and the level of the water to rise to the
normal position shown in Figure 1 all ready for a fresh action, the
cistern and working parts in all cases being preferably covered in by
the semicircular or other lid A³.
This improved service cistern when applied to a plug closing water-
closet Z, as shown in Figure 1, the weighted segment F on its actuating
spindle C or lever E, E', may be dispensed with, and the chain e² from
it connected direct to the top of the plug 5, 5¹, which would thus form
the counterweight for bringing the parts to their normal position, and
make a very simple and cheap arrangement of watercloset, with only a

page_text: basin 4 and angled pipe leading to the ring throat seat 4' at the bottom
of the discharge plug 5, 5¹, which would be raised by the acting lever
E, E', above, and the closet flushed, all as herein-before described.
Although this improved service cistern A and its syphon and actuating
mechanism have only been shown and described as for the flushing of
waterclosets, it will be understood that they are also applicable and
designed for delivering equal quantities of water or other liquid to other
cisterns or vessels for other purposes requiring such to be delivered at
intervals; the size of the inlet valve 3, or the height it is allowed to
open regulates the short interval or time the cistern takes to fill, to give
the desired measured quantity at each action, which can be regulated to
some extent by the height to which the float is allowed to rise before
shutting the valve 3, and the distance to which the lower end 6¹¹ of the
short syphon B is allowed to fall before touching the bottom and letting
in the air to stop its action, which may be determined as herein-before
stated by a regulating screw at its lower lip 6", while the lever of the
stop-cock prevents the float B' and syphon from rising after it has shut
the inlet valve 3.
.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a single chambered overhead
supply cistern A, which in this case may be any size desired and fitted:
with an ordinary inlet supply ball float lever valve 3, 3'; but having a
new or improved duplex arrangement of fixed and movable cylindrical
vessel A¹, A", for containing and discharging the exact or nearly
measured quantity of water or other liquid desired to be delivered into
the watercloset, urinal, or other vessel in accordance with my said:
improvements in this modification or case through a fixed syphon B, b,
B. The fixed top part A¹ of the measuring delivery vessel A¹, A", is
attached to the cross bar a or other equivalent, resting or fixed on the
two upper edges or sides of the cistern A, having its close top end A¹ and
small air inlet valve a¹ fixed a little above the normal level of the water a
in the cistern A and through which the short end B, 6", of the syphon
passes, made air-tight by a coupling or otherwise down to the lower
edge where it is cut at an angle to admit the air at 6, when nearly the
contents of the fixed part A' and the lower movable part A" have been
discharged down through the long arm B³ of the syphon into the vessel a
below when desired, by pulling up the chain e attached to the central
spindle A carrying the lower part A" of the vessel, which slides loosely
on the outside of the stationary part A¹, or it might be on the inside so as

page_text: also to draw up the movable part A" a short distance and cause a suffi-
cient pressure within to shut the valve a¹ and force the water up the
arm B over the bend b and top end of the long arm B³ of the syphon, so
as to set it in action, when it will quickly discharge the water first out of
the lower half A" of the vessel, which will gradually rise until its heavy
bottom a¹¹ comes to the lower edge of the top part A³ which will then
empty until the level of the water in it reaches the upper angled part
6 of the syphon, when the air enters and stops its further action, after
which the weight of the lower part A" carries it down as the vessel
slowly fills with water through the hole a" from the outer supply vessel
A, the ordinary ball float cock filling both vessel's to the normal level;
all as shown in the Figure ready for the next action and delivery of the
fixed or uniform quantity contained in the vessel A¹, A".
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of an ordinary service cistern A and
common inlet ball float valve 3, 3¹, having an improved close-measuring
delivery vessel A2 set or fixed at its bottom, immersed in the water,
and fitted with the short arm B of a fixed syphon B, b, leading into
the long arm or pipe B³ discharging into the watercloset, urinal, or
other vessel into which it is desired to discharge the uniform measure
or contents of the vessel A² at any time by the person blowing into the
mouth piece a¹ fitted air-tight to the top of the vessel A³, and brought
down to a convenient place for that purpose; or otherwise a hollow
india-rubber ball might be fixed at the mouth piece a¹, which when
suddenly compressed would answer as well as blowing into it for
starting the syphon, either of which would produce a very slight
pressure on the surface of the water, and thus force it up over the
bend 6 of the syphon B, B³, so as to displace the air within and set it
in action, when it would discharge the whole contents of the cistern A³.
down into the vessel below until the air entered at the angled open
point of the short arm B of the syphon and stop its action; when
the box A would refill all ready for the next action through the small
hole a at the bottom out of the large open supply cistern A, which
would be filled to its usual level by the action of the ball float inlet
valve 3, 31, in the ordinary manner.
.
Figure 5 ia
sectional elevation of
an
Andinone aronboed

page_text: discharge duct or coupling B³ leading down to the watercloset or other
vessel to be supplied with a nearly uniform quantity of water at each
action in accordance with the first part of my improvements. The lid
of this valve G³, G", has long guiding feathers 9 working down into
the seat G below its india-rubber or other closing face, and on the
upper side it has the deep hollow cylindrical piece G³, formed with a
small hole g³, preferably near the bottom or lid, and has an outer
hollow cylindrical piece G" working smoothly and "telescopically"
over it (but it might be inside of it) with a close upper end and a joint
coupling piece e² above, connected by the chain e" attached at top to
the arm E¹ of the lever E, E³, oscillating on the spindle O above
actuated by the chain e and handle e¹ when worked as shown in this
Figure (but the valve G¹, G", might be worked by a rod e¹¹¹ for being
pushed down, as shown in the valve arrangement in Figure 7).
The action of this valve for the delivery of a desired quantity of
water at each action is as follows:-The handle e¹ of the chain e is
pulled so as to raise the end E¹, chain e", and top part G₁ of the
valve G¹, G¹¹, to nearly its whole length, as shown in the raised position
in the detached section, Figure 6, which causes a partial vacuum within
the two parts and lifts the lower part G¹ with it to nearly the same
height; when the water then flows through the valve seat G and
discharge pipe B³ down into the vessel below for a certain time or
interval during which the water outside takes to enter the small
hole g¹ and fill the space G³,. Figure 6, before the lower part and closing
lid G¹, falls to its seat G and closes the opening and flow of water down 2
the discharge pipe B³; the weight of the chain e¹¹, valve G", and
lead weight G, attached to the upper part G₁ inside, bring these
and the acting lever E, E¹, to their normal position ready for the
next action.
The quantity of water delivered at each time can be regulated by a
the size of the small hole g¹, and by the height the lever E¹ is allowed
to rise, checked by any suitable stop on side of cistern A, and this may
be further regulated to the greatest nicety by lengthening or shortening
the chain e" by the screw stem e², attaching it to the top part G" of

page_text: turned so that its crane 7 is fully thrown back or down both ports may
be shut, as shown in this position in Figure 8.
.
The action of this tap is as follows:-When both the main orifice 3¹
and small orifices j, j, from the back chamber I' are shut, as stated, the
water from the main 1 flows in through the inlet small hole ¹ to the
back chamber I¹ and presses the disc I against the two openings 2
and 3 of the main ducts 1 and 3, so that no water from the main can
be drawn off from the cock K, k, or crane 1, even although turned to
open the main orifice ¹ in the hollow key (only shown in dotted lines in
the Drawing) until the key is turned to place the small orifice through
it opposite the small outlet duct; from the back chamber I', and this.orifice
and duct being larger than the small inlet orifice i lets the water quickly
escape from the back chamber I¹ into or out through the key k, and thus
relieves the pressure on the back of the india-rubber disc I, and allows
the pressure of the water from the main to force the india-rubber disc I
off its face less or more according to the displacement within the back
chamber I permitted by the time the small exit holes j, j³, in the key
are kept open, so that when the key k, l, is turned to shut this small
hole j and open its main outlet orifice 3¹, k¹, it then draws water from
the main 3¹ through the crane until the india-rubber disc I is pressed
against its face J and main orifice 2, 3, by the pressure of the water
admitted through the small inlet hole i to the chamber I'; thus the
time required to fill the back chamber I'¹ by the small orifice i is that
only during which water can be drawn from the main at one time or
action, so that waste cannot take place by allowing the cock K, %, to
stand open to either orifice j, 3', except the little that can pass through
the very small outlet orifice i from the back chamber I¹.
Having thus described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The construction, arrangement, and action of the parts of water
or other liquid supply regulating and saving apparatus, and their appli-
cation and use to and for waterclosets and other cisterns, vessels, and
purposes, and for pressure or service pipes, all substantially as: dis

page_text: and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The construction, arrangement, and action of the parts of a
water or other liquid supply regulating and waste. preventing single
chambered vessel A with a movable syphon and float combined, and its
acting parts to waterclosets and other cisterns and purposes, all sub-
stantially in the new or improved manner, and for the purposes herein
described in reference to and shown in Figures-1. and 2 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Third. The construction, arrangement, and action of the parts of a
duplex cylindrical chamber with one part A¹ moved "telescopically" on
the other A", and of a close stationary box A³, each with a stationary
syphon fixed within any ordinary supply or service cistern to give a
regulated supply of water or other liquid at each action, all substantially
as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown
respectively in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. The construction, arrangement, and action of a valve with a
duplex hollow cased cylindrical top having the two parts working
"telescopically" on each other, and its actuating parts or mechanism
fitted to any ordinary construction of supply or service cistern for
delivering a regulated quantity of water or other liquid therefrom at each
action, all substantially as and for the purposes herein described in
reference to and shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fifth. The construction, arrangement, and action of a vulcanized
india-rubber ball valve and its actuating mechanism fitted to any
ordinary construction of supply or service cistern for delivering a regu-
lated quantity of water or other liquid therefrom at each action, all sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and
shown in Figure 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
Sixth. The construction, arrangement, and action of the parts of a
hollow tap or cock with a self-acting vulcanized india-rubber or other
equivalent elastic or flexible disc for fitting to and delivering a regulated
quantity of water at each action direct from the main pressure or service
pipes, all substantially as and for the purposes described in reference to

page_text: the second part of my said Invention, and shown in Figure 8 of the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Ross, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
W. R. M. THOMSON,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
WILLIAM ROSS. (L.S.)