Improvements in Centrifugal Drums for Separating and Churning.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Drums for Separating and Churning.
I, OSSIAN JOHAN ROBERT STRÖM, Engineer, of Tolkunggatan 16-18
Stockholm in the Kingdom of Sweden, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In the manufacture of separators and churning apparatus the aim has always
been to arrange the separating and the churning compartments of the centrifugal
drum as to be detachable one from another, and for this purpose different lids to be
screwed on have been used, of which one has been provided with discharge pipes
for milk and cream and employed for separating only, while the other lid has
constituted the bottom of the churning compartment being cast in one piece with it
and which has therefore had the discharge pipes arranged in another way, the
latter lid being employed when churning and separating has taken place simul-
taneously. This arrangement however is expensive, as the drum has to be balanced
twice, once with the churning lid and once with the separating lid and each provided
with their respective discharge pipes and as these must be located at different
heights, they have likewise occasioned the use of different receptacles. As
particularly the outer opening of the discharge pipe for the skim milk must in both
cases be located at different distances from the centre, the requisite motive power
was also very different at the churning and at the separating operation, irrespective
of the additional power required for the churning operation.
The present invention relates to an arrangement of the centrifugal drum by
which the above inconveniences are avoided.
On the accompanying drawing the centrifugal drum constructed according to
this invention is shown in Figure 1 in vertical section. In this figure the left half
represents the centrifugal apparatus arranged for churning and the right half
arranged for separating.
It consists of an ordinary centrifugal drum composed of a bottom part A with a
usual lid B screwed thereupon in which or in the drum is located a milk discharge
pipe C and drawn up to a neck, the usual cream discharge pipe D. The border
around the opening in the lid can also be drawn up to an upright collar. The
onter side of the neck E or the collar is according to this invention provided with
threads running in the direction opposite to the rotatory direction of the drum, and
upon this threaded part the separate churning vessel is screwed, the bottom
opening or collar of which is provided with threads. The churning vessel may be
divided in a churning compartment G and one compartment H for centrifugating
the butter obtained. This vessel or drum may be made of aluminium which is so
light that when screwed on it does not influence the motion of the centrifugal
apparatus and therefore no balancing is needed. The lid B as well as the milk and
cream discharge pipes are in this arrangement the same when separating or when
churning by which the manufacturing cost will be reduced without occasioning any
change to speak of in the requisite motive power. As the milk discharge will be
the same in both cases no change of the milk receptacles is required. When
churning, the butter may be removed by means of a skimming pipe in the usual
manner.
Figure 2 represents a modification of the arrangement in Figure 1 used for
churning. By this modification it is possible to perform the refrigeration of the
separated cream before being led into the churning vessel. Such a refrigeration
cannot take place with the arrangement shown in Figure 1 as the cream there is
led directly from the separating vessel to the churning vessel. The modification
consists in that the discharge pipe D for the cream in lieu of traversing the bottom,
CD
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page_text: separating the churning and the separating compartments, passes through the
neck E (or the collar) in the outward direction, so that the cream streams out into
a common cream receptacle, located outside of the milk receptacle from which it
may be conducted from the cream receptacle to a refrigeration arrangement in
order to be led from this to the churning vessel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The arrangement of a centrifugal drum which may be used for continuous
separation as well as for churning whereby the churning compartment (eventually
provided with a butter centrifugating compartment) consists of a particular drum
provided with a threaded bottom opening and the neck or collar around the opening
in the top of the separating drum which contains common discharge pipes is
threaded on its outer side in order to receive the churning vessel, substantially as
described and illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus such as described in Claim 1 the arrangement whereby the
discharge for the cream is located cither in the bottom between the separating and
churning compartments so that the cream passes directly from the former to the
latter, or in the neck or collar directed outwards, in which event the cream is
discharged in a common cream receptacle from which it can be led back to the
churning compartment through a refrigeration arrangement substantially as
described and illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of August 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.