Improved Method of Treating Kola Nuts and Products Obtained thereby, and the Utilisation of the Secondary Products therefrom for the Treatment of Tobacco Leaves.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 5th Mar., 1900-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1900
Improved Method of Treating Kola Nuts and Products Obtained
thereby, and the Utilisation of the Secondary Products therefrom
for the Treatment of Tobacco Leaves.
A communication from LUDWIG BERNEGAU, Military Chemist, of Stift-Strasse
No. 1, Hannover, in the Kingdom of Prussia:
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County. of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention: to be as
follows:-
'
This invention relates to an improved method of treating Kola nuts and to
products obtained thereby.
The process is carried out as follows:
The Kola nuts are boiled for say four hours in about ten times their quantity
of water, to which a very small quantity (say gr. for each kg. of nuts) of phos-
phate of sodium has been added. In this part of the process the caffeine theo-
bromine, albumen and sugar-which are soluble in water are dissolved, while
the caffeine already in combination remains unaffected.
This treatment, namely the boiling of the Kola nuts in an exceedingly weak
solution of sodium phosphate is quite contrary to the treatment of the Kola nut
practised up to the present day, by means of phosphate of sodium. A complete
solution is not obtained by the present treatment. During the first part of the
treatment only traces of insoluble starch pass into the solution. From time to
time samples of the decoction are taken from the boiler and treated while still
hot, with alcohol, after which they are left to cool. When the sample, in con-
sequence of such treatment, becomes strongly turbid and a precipitate is formed
it is clear that the solution of starch is beginning. At this point the process is
interrupted.
The product obtained in this way is now stirred with ground coffee and boiled
filter paper for the purpose of providing the product with the aroma of coffee and
also for getting rid of the pectin matter which would gelatinize the product:
after which the product is cleared by means of well washed asbestos and then
separated from the liquid by heating it to a temperature of 40° C. in a vacuum
apparatus, after which it is packed and sterilised, so that it may be always
easily available for the production of Kola milk and similar tasty substances.
The Kola nuts having thus passed through the first step of the process, will
contain about two-thirds of their alkaloid matter and are now boiled for several
hours in a concentrated solution of phosphate of sodium. under a-pressure of 3-4
atmospheres. For the second boiling process about 25 gr. of phosphate of sodium
may be used for each kg. of nuts. The solution thus obtained cleared as before
and filtered and without the addition of coffee deprived of its liquid, packed and
sterilized, in which condition it forms a most valuable product which is superior
to the insoluble Kola powder which hitherto has been used in the form of a

page_text: powder for feeding purposes, inasmuch as it does not contain the volatile substances
which act like nicotine, and is also free from the resinous substances which pro-
duce a bitter after taste, which is very disagreeable to animals, the product can,
when dissolved; be used as a dietetic additional feeding substance for animals
and also for preserving skimmed milk. This second treatment cannot be called
a perfect dissolving process of the Kola nuts, because it is a process of dissolving
with the simultaneous preservation of the dissolved product by means of phos-
phate of sodium and the change of the caffeine and theobromine combinations
into phosphate combinations, and of the tannin into soluble sodium tannaie
combinations.
It may be observed here that skimmed milk may be with great advantage
employed in the second part of the process.
The nuts thus treated by boiling, which even after the second boiling process
will contain a small quantity of alkaloid as well as tannin substances etc. can be
dried ground and treated with potash lye or by sublimation.
In the volatile fluid which passes off during the boiling process there are some
aromatic substances of the character of nicotine. This fact is taken advantage
of by so modifying the process as to obtain these substances as a valuable sec-
ondary product: this part of the process is as follows:-The steam passing off
during the boiling of the Kola nuts, that have previously been soaked in water,
is passed through dry tobacco leaves. These tobacco leaves absorb all the aro-
matic substances, becoming perfectly impregnated with the aromatic combinations.
Over the tobacco leaves thus impregnated the extract obtained by the second pro-
cess (in which the residue was treated with a concentrated solution of phosphate
of sodium in water under pressure) is poured. The application of the extract is
similar to the treatment of chewing tobacco with nicotine extract but with this
difference however, that the process is much more quickly carried out, so that it
is possible to obtain a finished product in a few days time. This product has the
advantage as compared with the usual chewing tobacco that it contains less nico-
tine, is much milder as regards taste and contains no harmful ingredients, such
as indigestible iron-salts, while it possesses over and above the aromatic com-
binations a certain quantity of caffeine and theobromine and tannic acid which
act as stimulants
Doted this 5th T1 1900
'
Improved Method of Treating Kola Nuts and Products. Obtained
thereby, and the Utilisation of the Secondary Products therefrom
for the Treatment of Tobacco Leaves.
communication from LUDWIG BERNEGAU, Military Chemist, of Stift-Strasse
No. 11, Hanover, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved method of treating Kola nuts and to
products obtained thereby.
The process is carried out as follows:-

page_text: The Kola nuts are boiled for say four hours in about ten times their quantity
of water, to which a very small quantity (say 1 grain for each kilogram of nuts) of
phosphate of sodium has been added. In this part of the process the caffeine theo-
bromine, albumen and sugar, which are soluble in water are dissolved, while
the caffeine already in combination remains unaffected.
This treatment, namely the boiling of the Kola nuts in an exceedingly weak
solution of sodium phosphate, is quite different from the treatment of the Kola
nut practised up to the present day, by means of phosphate of sodium. A complete
solution is not obtained by the present treatment. During the first part of the
treatment only traces of insoluble starch pass into the solution. From time to
time samples of the decoction are taken from the boiler and treated while still
hot, with alcohol, after which they are left to cool. When the sample, in con-
sequence of such treatment, becomes strongly turbid and a precipitate is formed
it is clear that the solution of starch is beginning. At this point the process is
interrupted.
The product obtained in this way is now stirred with ground coffee and boiled
filter paper for the purpose of providing the product with the aroma of coffee and
also for getting rid of the pectin matter which would gelatinize the product,
after which the product is cleared by means of well washed asbestos. and then
separated from the liquid by heating it to a temperature of 40° C. in a vacuum
apparatus, after which it is packed and sterilised, so that it may be always
easily available for the production of Kola milk and similar tasty substances.
The Kola nuts having thus passed through the first step of the process, will
contain about two-thirds of their alkaloid matter, and are now boiled for several
hours in a concentrated solution of phosphate of sodium. under a pressure of 3-4
atmospheres: For the second boiling process about 25 gr. of phosphate of sodium
may be used for each ko. of nuts. The solution thus obtained is cleared as before
and filtered and without the addition of coffee deprived of its liquid, packed and
sterilized, in which condition it forms a most valuable product which is superior
to the insoluble Kola powder which hitherto has been used in the form of a pow-
der for feeding purposes, inasmuch as it does not contain the volatile substances
which act like nicotine, and is also free from the resinous substances which pro-
duce a bitter after taste. which is very disagreeable to animals. The product can,
when dissolved, be used as a dietic additional feeding substance for animals
and also for preserving skimmed milk. This second treatment cannot be called
a perfect dissolving process of the Kola nuts, because it is a process of dissolving
with the simultaneous preservation of the dissolved product by means of phos-
phate of sodium, and the change of caffeine and theobromine combination
into phosphate combinations, and of the tannin into soluble sodium tannate
combinations.
It may be observed hero that skimmed milk may be with great advantage
employed in the second part of the process.
The nuts thus treated by boiling, which even after the second boiling process
will contain in a small quantity of alcohoid as well as tannin substance, etc. can
be dried, ground and treated with potash lye or by sublimation.
In the volatile fluid which passes off during the boiling process there are some
aromatic substances of the character of nicotine. This fact is taken advantage
of by so modifying the process as to obtain these substances as a valuable sec-
ondary product; this part of the process is as follows:-The steam passing off
during the boiling of the Kola nuts, that have previously been soaked in water,
is passed througli dry tobacco leaves. These tobacco leaves absorb all the aro-
matic substances, becoming perfectly impregnated with the aromatic combinations.
Over the tobacco leaves thus impregnated the extract obtained by the second pro-
cess (in which the residue was treated with a concentrated solution of phosphate
of sodium in water under pressure) is poured. The application of the extract is
similar to the treatment of chewing tobacco with nicotine extract, but with this
difference however, that the process is much more quickly carried out, so that it

page_text: is possible to obtain a finished product in a few days time. This product has the
advantage as compared with the usual chewing tobacco that it contains less nico-
tine, is much milder as regards taste and contains no harmful ingredients, such
as indigestable ironsalts, while it possesses, over and above the aromatic com
binations a certain quantity of caffeine and theobromine and tannic acid which
act as stimulants.
г
71
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention' as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what man-
nor the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
1. A process of treating Kola nuts characterised by boiling the Kola uuts in
a dilute solution of phosphate of sodium (say above 1 gr. of phosphate of sodium
to each kilogramme of nuts, and 10 kilogrammes of water) clearing the precipi-
tate, and freeing. it of pect in substances and concentrating it to obtain an extract
of good keeping quality which will dissolve in milk substantially as described.
2. In a process. of the kind described, boiling the residue. of the first boiling
with a, concentrated solution of pliosphate of sodium (about 25 grammes of phos-
phate of sodium. to each kilogramme of nuts) to obtain an extract rich in phos-
phoric acid which contains the greatest part of the valuable ingredients of the
nuts and is possessed. of good keeping qualities through. having been treated with
phosphate of sodium and is specially suitable as a feeding substance substantially
as described.
3. In a process of the kind described passing the vapours produced in the first
treatment of the soaked Kola nuts in contact with, tobacco leaves to absorb the
escaping aromatic vapours, and after such treatment, applying the second solu-
tion obtained by treating the hola nuts with a concentrated solution of phosphate
of sodium. under pressure to the tobacco leaves substantially.as described."
4. Chewing tobacco produced according to Claim 3.
5. A process of the kind described in Claims 1 and 2, in which the second. boil-
ing process is carried out with skimmed-milk..
6. Kola products obtained according to Claims 2 and' 5.
Dated this 2nd day of Hanah' 1000.
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,.
Agents for the Applicant...