IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Woods, of Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer, John Hampson, of the same
Place, Cotton Manufacturer, Levi Fish, of same- Place, Manager,
and George Fish, of same Place, Overlooker, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING"
Sealed the 31st August 1869, and dated the 5th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Woods, John
Hampson, Levi Fish, and George Fish at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 5th April
1869.
We, JOSEPH WOODS, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Manufacturer, JOHN HAMPSON, of the same Place, Cotton Manufac-
turer, LEVI FISH, of same Place, Manager, and GEORGE FISH, of same
Place, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to spread the yarn and give the cloth
a better cover with the back carrier level with the healds. This we
effect in the following manner :-We fix a bar or bars under the cloth

page_text: in a line or at any suitable angle with the front edge of the temples,
whereby it raises the cloth every time the lathe or slay beats up, and we
likewise effect the same purpose without temples by the bar or bars
alone, where very light cloth is woven. This will likewise save wear
and tear of the healds, as the yarn will always be on a level with or at
suitable angles with the cloth, by which means the rods can be got
farther back and give the healds and yarn more freedom, and the sheds
are always equal. In ordinary looms with the yarn level, or the back
carrier down, it makes the cloth bare or without cover, and it is to
remedy this defect and a saving of the healds that this present Invention
is designed.
By the above means we get cover with or without side temples. We
do also work our Invention with the roller and trough temples ordinarily
in use.
The first part of our Invention consists in having the temples on a
shaft with a bar or bars in a line or at any convenient angle with the
front edge of the temples and under the cloth. The motion to this
shaft, temple, bar or bars, we can get from any moveable part of the
loom.
The second part of our Invention consists in having a third cloth
beam or light roller under or above the ordinary beams, which we work
from any convenient part of the loom. This beam will cause the cloth
to be of equal tightness.
This part of our Invention is better adapted to cloths of heavy sides,
thereby causing less breakage in yarn and healds.
Our particular claim here is for putting cover on cloth, and preventing
wear and tear of healds, and the method herein described of doing it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Woods, John Hampson, Levi Fish, and
George Fish in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th October 30
1869.

page_text: JOHN HAMPSON, of the same Place, Cotton Manufactuer, LEVI FISH,
of the same Place, Manager, and GEORGE FISH, of the same Place,
Overlooker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Joseph Woods, John Hampson, Levi Fish,
and George Fish, Her special licence that we, the said Joseph Woods,
John Hampson, Levi Fish, and George Fish, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Woods, John
Hampson, Levi Fish, and George Fish, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Woods, John Hamp-
son, Levi Fish, and George Fish, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and scals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Woods, John Hampson,
Levi Fish, and George Fish, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying two Sheets of Drawings (that is to say):
Our Invention relates to putting cover on cloth or any woven fabric
in the process of weaving, whereby the velvety surface so desireable is
obtained, and with much less wear and tear of healds than in the
ordinary way, the yarn being always on a level or at suitable angles
with the cloth; the rods thereby can be got farther back, giving the
healds and yarn more freedom, thereby taking the strain of both yarn

page_text: and healds. The cloth of necessity must be made firmer, and the healds
wear much longer. The sheds being always equal the weavers are less
liable to make cracks and thin places.
In order that our Invention may be more thoroughly understood in
detail, we have hereunto attached two Sheets of Drawings, the several
Figures therein in each are marked with corresponding letters of
reference.
Fig. 1 in Sheet 1 is a side view of loom side frame shewing one way
of fixing our apparatus; Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, shewing roller
and trough; Fig. 3 is a plan of the same, shewing sido temples.
It will be seen by these several Figures that no special provision is
required, but that it can be applied to any description of loom at a
moderate cost and in a very short time.
a, a, in Figures 1 and 2 shew the roller and trough, and brackets b, b,
to which such troughs are bolted; these brackets are made to slide on
to rod C, C, and set to any distance and position by set pins or screws
d, d; this rod C, C, is supported in its position by the brackets e, e;
these brackets are bolted to springs f, f, at g, g; h, h, are steady pins
for springs ff, to bear against. On the rods C, C, near the centre or
in any convenient position is fixed a fulcrum cranked bracket i, set and
regulated or altered by set pin j. In the lower end of this cranked
bracket is an oblong slot A, into which works the end of lever k, k, at l;
this lever works on a fulcrum pin m in bracket n. Under the sley or
lathe we fix a sliding tappet bracket o, adjustable to any distance from
sley or lathe, such adjustment giving any length to stroke in striking
lever k at p.
It will thus be seen at every beat up of the sley or lathe,
the tappet bracket o strikes the end of lever k at p, acting through
fulcrum m on the other end of lever k at 1, this end working into the.
slot end A of cranked bracket i, this being fixed on to rod C, C, by set
pin or screw j it turns such rod, on which rod are fixed firmly brackets
b, b, by set pins or screws d, d, which brackets are bolted to roller and
trough a, a, thus lifting the front of such roller and trough, bringing
up the cloth at every beat up of the sley or lathe, thus easing both yarn
and healds.
In Fig. 3 it will be seen that the same motion is obtained for side
temples which we have marked q, q, which are firmly secured on the
rod C, C; on to similar rod C, C, are fixed two brackets marked ", r;

page_text: these brackets are bolted to a bar or bars, flat, round, or square, or any
other convenient shape, marked 8, 8, and held in a parallel position by a
bracket or brackets marked t, t, at any convenient position. The rods
C, C, where the cranked brackets i are fixed in Figs. 1 and 2 may be
made square for firmness of grip or of any other convenient shape. We
can and do effect the same purpose without temples or roller and
trough by the bar or bars alone fixed to the aforesaid apparatus for very
light cloth. We can likewise get our action from any motion in the
loom by lever, cam, crank, or wheels.
In Sheet 2 of our Drawings are the several parts of our apparatus in
detail, marked with corresponding letters, as in Sheet 1.
Figs. 1, 2, and 9 on Sheet 2 are two views of brackets r, r, as in
Fig. 3 on Sheet 1; Figs. 3 and 4 is bracket t; Figs. 5 and 6, 7 and 8,
are cranked brackets i, i; Figs. 10 and 11, 12 and 13, are levers k, k,
bolted to fulcrum brackets n, n; Figs. 14 and 15 are tappet brackets o, o;
Figs. 16 and 17, 18 and 19, are brackets e, e.
Having substantially shewn by the foregone description and Drawings
the nature of our Invention, and several ways in which the same is
carried into practical effect, we wish it to be understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the precise details we have had occasion to
describe and refer to, as many variations may be made in detail
without deviating from the principles embodied in this our said Inven-
tion; but what we consider novel and claim substantially as our Invention
and secured to us herein is,-
First. The general arrangement of apparatus for covering cloth or
any woven fabric in the process of weaving, as herein-before described.
Second. The positive motion given to side temples, roller, and trough,
bar or bars, and obtaining the same from any moveable part of the
loom.
Third. The use of a third cloth beam or roller above or below the
ordinary beams which we use for cloths with heavy sides, but do not
confine ourselves to such use, being guided by circumstances and the
nature of fabric we require.
Fourth. The bar or bars, rod or rods, 8, 8, stationary underneath the
cloth in a line with the front edge of the temples, or at any convenient
angle where side temples are used; we also apply them without temples
as a stay for the cloth and to assist in putting cover ou.

page_text: Fifth. The application and use of the various parts of such apparatus,
separate or combined, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Woods, John Hampson,
Levi Fish, and George Fish, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Twenty-third day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
T