Improvements in Purifying Liquids and Fats, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 7th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Purifying Liquids and Fats, and Apparatus
therefor.
I, ROBERT ANDREW, of 95, High Street, Homerton, in the County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in purifying liquids, oils and fats by
aërating them alternately with hot and cold air in apparatus arranged and operating
in the manner hereinafter more particularly described.
In carrying out my invention I employ two vessels advantageously cylindrical
in form and cach provided with a jacket and having a perforated false bottom.
Each cylinder is in communication at the top with an ejector or exhauster, and
between the bottom and the false bottom with a coil open to the atmosphere.
The cylinders also communicate with one another beneath their false bottoms,
the space between the bottom and false bottom of each cylinder forming an air
chamber. The cylinders are also provided with sight holes and with openings for
the introduction and removal of the liquid or substance to be treated and suitable
valves and cocks are provided for shutting off one part of the apparatus from
another as required.
The operation is as follows:-The liquid or substance to be treated is placed in
the first vessel, which I call the "heating vessel "; the jacket of this vessel is
supplied with hot water or steam, and steam being admitted to the exhauster the
liquid will be kept in the upper part of the vessel and air from the coil (heated
by steam or hot water) will pass into the air chamber and through the perforated
false bottom and will thoroughly permeate the liquid passing out through the
top of the vessel and be carried away with the steam. When the liquid or
substance has been sufficiently treated with the heated air communication between
the two vessels is opened and the heated aërated liquid will be drawn into the
second vessel and will be then aërated in a similar manner as in the first vessel
but with cold air, the jacket of the second vessel being supplied with cold water
for cooling down the liquid and the air supplied by the coil also being cooled by
cold water or otherwise. The air may be filtered or purified before passing through
the coils and the air may be impregnated to give any required aroma to the
liquid to be treated.
It will be obvious that the liquid or substance to be treated may if required be
passed alternately from the heating to the cooling vessel and vice versú as often as
necessary.
My apparatus may be used in all cases where liquids and fatty matters require
to be aërated such as for the maturing of spirituous liquors and wines and the
purification of oils and fatty matters.

page_text: Improvements in Purifying Liquids and Fats, and Apparatus
therefor.
I, ROBERT ANDREW, of 95, High Street, Homerton, in the County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in purifying liquids, oils and fats by
aürating them alternately with hot and cold air in apparatus arranged and operating
in the manner hereinafter more particularly described.
In carrying out my invention I employ two vessels advantageously cylindrical
in form and each provided with a jacket and having a perforated false bottom.
Each cylinder is in communication at the top with an ejector or exhauster, and
between the bottom and the false bottom with a coil open to the atmosphere.
The cylinders also communicate with one another beneath their false bottoms,
the space between the bottom and false bottom of each cylinder forming an air-
chamber. The cylinders are also provided with sight holes and with openings for
the introduction and removal of the liquid or substance to be treated and suitable
valves and cocks are provided for shutting off one part of the apparatus from
another as required.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing which represents an elevation partly in
section of the apparatus I employ for carrying out my invention.
0, 0¹, 0³,
a, a¹ represent the two cylindrical vessels, 6, 6' are the jackets and c, c¹ the false
bottoms of the vessels a, a¹; d, d' are the ejectors or exhausters with which the
vessels communicate by the pipes e, e¹; f, fi are the coils open to the atmosphere
at g, g', the coil opening into the vessel a, and the coil fi into the vessel a¹ as
shown. The said coils are provided with the thermometers f², f³; h is the pipe
forming the communication between the vessels a and a¹; i is a stop-cock in the
pipe hare sight holes; k, k' are openings (closed by suitable plugs or caps)
through which the vessels a, a¹ are filled; is a steam pipe for supplying steam
to the exhausters d, d', and to the jacket m of the coil by the pipe n.
03, o, o are draw-off cocks of the vessels a, a¹ and jackets b, 6 respectively;
p is the jacket of the coil f¹. 1, are pipes to carry
off any condensed water from
the pipe l.
The operation is as follows:-The liquid or substance to be treated is placed in
the first vessel a which I call the "heating vessel"; the jacket 6 of this vessel
and the jacket. m are supplied with hot water, the temperature of which may be
maintained or increased by steam from the steam pipe l, through the pipes and n,
and steam being admitted to the exhauster d the liquid will be raised and kept in
the upper part of the vessel a and air from the coil fheated by the hot water in
the jacket m will pass into the air-chamber r and through the perforated false
bottom c and will thoroughly permeate the liquid; passing out through the top
of the vessel and be carried away with the steam passing through the exhauster d.
When the liquid or substance has been sufficiently treated with the heated air,
communication is made between the two vessels a, a¹ by opening the cock i and the
heated aerated liquid will be drawn into the second vessel a' (which I call the
cooling vessel) and will be then,aerated in a similar manner as in the first vessel
but with cold air, the jacket 6' of the second vessel a' being supplied with cold
water for cooling down the liquid and the air supplied by the coil f₁ also being
cooled by cold water supplied to its jacket p or otherwise. The air may be
filtered or purified before passing through the coils and it may be impregnated to
give any required flavour or aroma to the liquid to be heated. This may be

page_text: effected in the funnels 9 and 9'; or taps s, & may be employed having nozzles to
which pipes connected to any suitable device for imparting the flavour or aroma to
the air may be attached.
It will be obvious that the liquid or substance to be treated may, if required,
be passed alternately from the heating to the cooling vessel and vice versa as often
as necessary.
In some cases I find it advantageous to admit steam to the liquid or substance
under treatment and this can be done by a pipe provided with a cock and leading
from the pipe g.
My apparatus may be used in all cases where liquids and fatty matters require
to be aerated, such as for the maturing of spirituous liquors and wines and the
purification of oils and fatty matters.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The process for purifying liquors and fats by aerating them alternately
with hot and cold air in apparatus constructed and operating substantially as
described.
2. The combination of parts forming an improved apparatus for aerating liquids
and fats, the said apparatus being arranged and operating substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.