IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JONAH
DAVIES and GEORGE DAVIES, of the Albion Iron Foundry, in the Parish of
Tipton, Staffordshire, Iron Founders, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Second day of
December, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the twelfth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Jonah Davies and George Davies, our exors, adiñiors, and
assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
we, the said Jonah Davies and George Davies, our exors, adiñors, and
assigns, and such others as we, the said Jonah Davies and George Davies,
our exors, adiiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that we, the said Jonah Davies and George Davies, or one of us, should
cause a particular description of the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and scal of one of us, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Jonah Davies and George Davies, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, arc
fully described and ascertained in-and by the following statement thereof
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say:
Our Invention consists,-
First, of improvements in the apparatus for obtaining rotatory motion from
steam engines.
Secondly, our Invention consists of improvements in the apparatus em-
ployed in transmitting the power from a steam engine to a crank where a
blowing machine is employed.
Thirdly, our Invention consists of improvements in the arrangement of
steam-engine valves.
...
Fourthly, our Invention consists of improvements in the apparatus for
feeding steam-engine boilers; and
Fifthly, our Invention consists of improvements in apparatus for working the
dampers of steam-engine furnaces.
And in order that our Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING MARKED No. 1.
This Drawing shews five views of so much of the parts of a steam engine,
with the first part of our Invention applied thereto, as will enable us to
describe this part of our Invention, which consists of a mode of affixing the
piston rod to a cross head so arranged as to give rotatory motion to an axis
by the brasses or bearings of the crank pin sliding within the cross head; the
arrangement of such brasses or bearings being also of our Invention. A, B, C,
are three views of the crank wheel to which the crank pin is connected by the
crank D, by means of the brasses or bearings S, T, as shewn; the parts S, T,
having inclined surfaces, so that as they wear the same may be set up and
adjusted by means of the screws U. The cross head is so constructed that the
piston rod may pass through it, and be the means of receiving and giving
motion to the piston of a blowing machine, or it may be of a pump when the
steam engine is a pumping engine. F, F, are fixed guide rods which keep the
cross head in position, as it is moved to and fro. According to this Drawing
the engine is supposed to be horizontal, consequently the parts shewn are
horizontal, but the engine and parts may be in any other position; E is the

page_text: cross head, the nature of which is clearly shewn in the Drawing; and we
would state that somewhat similar means have been long known for giving
rotatory motion to a crank axis from the rectilinear motion of a piston rod.
Qis the fly wheel and crank shaft; R, carriage or bearings of the shaft Q.
The piston rod P, passing through the cross head, is fixed thereto by keys;
and O is a continuation of the piston rod proceeding to a blowing cylinder, or
to a pump, or otherwise, as may be required.
We will now proceed to describe the second part of our Invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING No. 2.
This Drawing shews different views of so much of a blowing cylinder and
parts as will enable us to describe this part of our Invention; M is the piston
rod of the blowing cylinder, and which is also the piston rod of the steam
engine, which is not shewn; N is the piston of the blowing cylinder. The
blowing cylinder and the covers at the ends are similar to those heretofore
constructed, excepting that one of the end covers has an arrangement of parts
to allow of the stuffing box R sliding to and fro. The rod L moves on a
pin joint, by which it is connected to the piston N; this rod passes through
the sliding stuffing box R; the other end of the rod L is attached to the
crank pin. By this arrangement the steam engine gives motion to the piston
of the blowing cylinder, and a rod L, passing through a sliding stuffing box,
gives motion to the crank or fly wheel shaft of the engine. We would state,
in respect to this part of our Invention, that we are aware that the piston rods
of steam engines have been made to pass through sliding stuffing boxes; we do
not therefore claim such sliding boxes, this part of our Invention consisting
of applying such stuffing boxes, together with a rod L, to the piston of a
blowing cylinder, so as to communicate rotatory motion therefrom to a crank
axis or shaft. The section marked H shews the parts of the sliding stuffing
box more clearly than in the other view. K is the crank or fly wheel shaft;
O is the bed frame of the blowing cylinder; P, P, are the outlet air passages;
Q is the crank pin; R is the sliding and oscillating stuffing box; S, S; are
the trunnions of the oscillating stuffing box; T, T, is the end cover of the
blowing cylinder, shewing recess and parts in which the sliding portions of
the stuffing box are; U, U, are sections of the sliding parts; V, V, shew the
frame in which the parts U slide; W, W, are the bearings or blocks of
the trunnions S; and X, X, shew the metallic packings to the sliding parts U,
in order to prevent the passage of air in that direction.
We will now describe the third part of our Invention, which consists of
improvements in the valves of steam engines.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING No. 3, WHICH SHOWS Two SECTIONS OF THE
VALVES OF A STEAM CYLINDER.
The peculiarity of this arrangement is, the having of two valves on the same
spindle for the induction ways at each end of the cylinder, and also two valves
on the same spindle for the eduction ways at each end of the cylinder, and
in such manner that the valves, being of slightly different diameters, the
pressure of the steam which has to be resisted in moving these valves will
be only that which is due to the difference of the diameters of the two valves,
whether it be those used for an induction way or an eduction way. A is the
upper nozel; B, the lower one; C, the steam connecting pipe between ]
the nozels; D is the exhaust pipe; E, E, upper steam or induction valves;
F, F, lower steam or induction valves; G, G, upper, and H, H, lower
exhaust or eduction valves; I is the upper steam port; J, the lower steam
port; K is the steam branch, and L the exhaust branch.
We will now describe the fourth part of our Invention, which has for its 1
object improvements in the apparatus for feeding steam-engine boilers, and
consists of the using of two valves of different diameter on the same spindle,
so that in moving such valves by a float in the boiler the pressure to over-
come will only be that which is due to the difference of the two valves.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING No. 4.
2
A shews part of the section of a steam-engine boiler; B, rod from the
float, which is attached to the lever D, which moves on an axis carried by
the standard E, and is guided in the slotted standard F, the other end of the
lever D having the weight at N; G is the spindle of the valves H, H; I.is
the water passage to the valve J by which it is admitted to the boiler, and g
water is admitted into the passage I when the float in the boiler falls, and
thereby raises the valves H; K, feed-pump pipe; L, pipe to feed boiler.;
M, feed nozel.
We will now describe the fifth part of our Invention, which consists of
improvements in apparatus for working the dampers of steam-engine furnaces.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING No. 5,
Which shews an external view and section of apparatus arranged according
to this part of our Invention. a is the pipe to the steam-engine boiler, at the
upper end of which is a valve b, which is weighted by the weight c to a some-
what less degree than the safety valve of the boiler. d is an inverted vessel to
which the damper of the furnace is connected, the damper and this inverted

page_text: water.
vessel being in a state of equilibrium; the lower end of the vessel d is in
e is the outer casing, and f an overflow pipe. The effect of this
arrangement will be, that when the valve b is raised, the vessel d will rise and
act on the damper, the vessel d descending and remaining in its proper
working position when the valve b is closed.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we
do not confine ourselves to the details herein shewn, so long as the peculiar
character of any part of our Invention be retained. But what we claim is,-
First, the mode of affixing the cross head E to a piston rod by causing the
piston rod to pass through the same in order to work another piston or
otherwise. And we also claim the construction of the parts S, T.
Secondly, we claim the mode of giving motion to a crank or fly wheel
shaft of a steam engine from the piston of a blowing cylinder.
Thirdly, we claim the mode of arranging the valves of steam engines, as
herein described.
Fourthly, we claim the mode of arranging apparatus for feeding steam-
engine boilers.
And, fifthly, we claim the mode of arranging apparatus for working dampers
of steam-engine furnaces.
In witness whereof, we, the said Jonah Davies & George Davies, have
hereunto set our hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
JONAH
(L.S.) DAVIES.
GEORGE (L.S.) DAVIES.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirty-first day of May, in
the year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Jonah Davies and George Davies
came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged
the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was
stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-nine.