A NEW AND IMPROVED PROCESS FOR FEEDING SUGAR FACTORIES OR DISTILLERIES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire
of France, and 10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW AND
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR FEEDING SUGAR FACTORIES OR DISTILLERIES." -A
communication from Joseph Linard, residing at Rue des Ecuries
d'Artois, in Paris aforesaid, Civil Engineer.
Sealed the 28th August 1868, and dated the 5th June 1868.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 5th June 1868, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 10, Sackville
Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR FEEDING SUGAR FACTORIES OR DISTILLERIES," a com-

page_text: munication from Joseph Linard, a person resident at Rue des Ecuries
d'Artois, in Paris aforesaid, Civil Engineer, and have petitioned Her
Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and made solemn Declaration
that it is a communication.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do
hereby declare that the following Complete Specification, under my
hand and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed:-
The Invention communicated to me relates to a novel manner of
feeding factories wherein the juice of beetroot is worked into sugar or
distilled, by means of which a great saving of expenses is effected. It
consists in completely separating the places where the juice is extracted
from the place where the processes of evaporation, of cooking, or of dis-
tillation are performed. The actual manufacture of sugar from beetroot
cannot cheaply be effected otherwise than by means of improved
apparatus, which at the same time are employed in the purifying of the
juice and also in the process of evaporation and in the cooking. These
apparatus effect a saving of animal black, fuel, and hand labour, and
produce sugar in greater quantity and of a finer quality than that
obtained by the ancient process, but the interests and the extinction of
the capital employed and the keep and repairs of these apparatus greatly
increase the general expenses. In order to reduce these expenses there is
no other available means than that offered of increasing the quantity of
beetroot annually worked, that is to say, giving larger proportions to
the factories. But as bectroot is a cumbersome substance and the
transport thereof very difficult, as moreover the agriculturer has to
deliver it at the time of the sowing and the labours of autumn, both
time and means are wanting to purveyors in order to transport the
article from any great distance. This difficulty is further increased by
the ill state of the roads at that advanced season of the year. It is
therefore very difficult to bring together at any given place a sufficient
quantity of beetroot. One may, in a measure, obviate this difficulty by
creating beetroot depôts at a distance from the factory, from which
when the field labours are over the article may be forwarded to the
factory. But this system presents serious impediments, among which
are the following:-The transport of the beetroot from the depôt to the
factory is very costly, then it cannot be constantly performed by reason

page_text: of unscasonable weather, snow, and thaw, and the bad state of the roads.
Moreover agriculturers are compelled to fetch the pulp or residue from
the factory often at a great distance. In fine, the beetroot delivered
over as soon as plucked in September and October when the temperature.
is still high is exposed to a rapid change. Exceptional means would be
required to carry the article at once to the factory. These incon-
veniences may be remedied by a means which at the same tine would
offer the following advantages:-This means would consist in estab-
lishing apparatus for the extraction of the juice on the very spot where
the beetroot is deposited at a distance from the sugar factory, and to
force this juice to the factory through cast-iron or other metal conduits
by a pump or other mechanical or physical appliance, or by allowing
the juice to flow naturally by reason of a slight difference of level.
Obviously the transport of beetroot and pulp is thus entirely done away
with. In order to avoid the obstruction of the conduits the juice on
issuing from the extracting apparatus should be filtered on cut straw,
the same retaining the pulp portion, which is carried away otherwise
with the juice. To prevent the juice spoiling in the course of its flow
lime in the proportion of one per centum should be mixed with the
juice on starting. The effects of the frost may be avoided by laying
the conduits down underground at a depth which may be determined
according to the locality. These conduits may generally be laid down
on the lower sides of the road. Telegraphic communication may be had
between the place where the extraction is performed and the factory.
It would be well to have a reservoir at the central factory of large
capacity in order to avoid the stoppage of the extraction workshop
should the factory be under the necessity of stopping for some time.
This innovation will bring about several important results:-
1°. It will allow of giving considerable importance to the factories
insomuch that these may be supplied with the juice from extraction
workshops situate in different localities. The radius of alimentation
may at will be augmented by establishing two or several workshops
having one common conduit.
2°. The central factories by being placed near stations or canals would
save the freight by land of coal, sugar, and treacle.
3°. This system in a great measure prevents the destruction of the
roads.

page_text: 4°. The extraction of the juice being the operation which requires the
most hands it is difficult to bring together at one given place the
requisite number of workmen for the working of a large quantity of
beetroot, but on causing the juice to be extracted on the very spot where
the beetroot is grown the necessary number of workmen will be readily
found.
5°. This system will further the introduction of sugar manufactories
into countries where actually they cannot exist from the want of water
on table lands producing beetroot. The central factories should be
erected in valleys close to watercourses; the workshops would be at a
distance on surrounding table lands, and the conduits destined to bring
the juice to the factory might in winter be used in sending water to the
different workshops as well for the wants of these as for the wants of
agriculture.
6°. This system allows of having recourse to the process of maceration
for the extraction of the juice. It is at the present moment of difficult
application in consequence of the large quantity of pulp the transport of
which is impossible at great distances.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, what I claim and desire to
secure by Letters Patent is, the manufacture of sugar from beetroot or
its distillation by extracting the juice from the said vegetable in work-
shops at a distance from the factory where the sugar is manufactured or
the distillery, the extraction being effected by any convenient means,
and the forcing or conveying of the juice being effected by means of
conduits which connect the extraction workshops with the sugar factory
or distillery, and, if needs be, the different extraction workshops with
one another.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.