IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS OR FATTY MATTERS TO BE USED FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Scipion Sequelin, of No. 4, Devonshire Street
Queen Square, Bloomsbury, in the County of Middlesex, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS OR FATTY
MATTERS TO BE USED FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 21st November 1865, and dated the 27th May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Scipion Sequelin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
May 1865.
I, SCIPION SEQUELIN, of No. 4, Devonshire Street, Queen Square, Bloomsbury,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS OR FATTY MATTERS
TO BE USED FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to precipitate all extraneous or foreign
bodies that may be contained in the oil or fatty matter, and to render the
same clear and pure so as to be more suitable for lubricating and other
purposes, where a pure oil or grease is required.
According to my Invention I place the oil or fatty matter to be purified in
a vessel, and I heat it by means of hot water in a "bain marie" or otherwise
by a steam pipe or jacket. To each one hundred pounds of oil or fatty matter
1 add about one ounce of iodide of potassium, and I heat the same to from

page_text: about one hundred degrees to one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit,
according to the quality of the oil or fatty matter under operation, the effect
of which will be to cause the precipitation of all extraneous or foreign bodies
contained in the oil or fatty matter, and to leave the latter pure and clear.
When the sediment has taken place I draw off the clear oil or
the same through a sieve, and the operation is then complete.
grease and pass
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Scipion Sequelin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SCIPION
SEQUELIN, of No. 4, Devonshire Street, Queen Square, Bloomsbury, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Scipion Sequelin, Her special licence that I, the said Scipion Sequelin,
my executors, administrators, and assigus, or such others as I, the said Scipion
Sequelin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PURI-
FYING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS OR FATTY MATTERS TO BE USED FOR LUBRICATING
AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Scipion Sequelin, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Scipion Sequelin, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, that is to say :-

page_text: The object of this Invention is to precipitate all extraneous or foreign bodies
that may be contained in the oil or fatty matter, and to render the same clear
and pure, so as to be more suitable for lubricating and other purposes where
a pure oil or grease is required.
According to my Invention I place the oil or fatty matter to be purified in
a vessel, and I heat it by means of hot water in a "bain marie" or water
bath or otherwise, by a steam pipe or steam jacket. To each hundred pounds
of oil or fatty matter I add about one ounce of iodide of potassium, and I heat
the same to from about one hundred to one hundred and fifty degrees
Fahrenheit, according to the quality of the oil or fatty matter under operation,
the effect of which will be to cause the precipitation of all extraneous or
foreign bodies contained in the oil or fatty matter, and to leave the latter pure
and clear. When the settlement has taken place I draw off the clear oil or
fatty matter and pass the same through a sieve or filter, and the operation is
then complete.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "Improvements
in Furifying Animal and Vegetable Oils or Fatty Matters to be used for
Lubricating and other Purposes," I will now proceed to describe an apparatus
which I have found suitable for carrying my said Invention into practical
effect; and in order that the same may be distinctly understood I have
annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof, that is to say:-
Figure 1 in the annexed Drawing is a front elevation of the apparatus
(shown partly in section), and Figure 2 is a plan view of the same.
a, a, is a steam boiler heated by means of a furnace or fire-place in the
usual manner; b, b, are two vessels or receivers to contain the oil or fatty
matter to be purified. These vessels or receivers are made with a double
bottom, and a steam space or jacket all round as shown at c, c, into which
space steam is admitted from the boiler a, a, by the pipes d, d, which are
furnished with stop cocks at e, e; f,f, are the blow-off pipes for the escape of
the steam, so that a constant circulation of steam through the steam space or
jacket c, c, may be maintained. For purifying fine oil the vessel should be
furnished with a tap or cock at g, g, for drawing off the clear oil after the
precipitation of the impurities, and with a larger tap or cock at h, h, for the
removal of the refuse, as represented at the left-hand vessel, or that which is
drawn in section at Figure 1, but for "foot oil" or fatty matters containing a
large proportion of impurities, I prefer to make the vessel with a sliding valve
worked by a screw (as at i, i,) in connection with a pipe k, k, closed at each

page_text: end and furnished with several taps or cocks as at 1, 1, by means of which the
fatty matter after purification may be run into casks or vessels of suitable size
and form. In this case I also prefer to make the outlet for the refuse in the
form of a plate or door, as shown at m, m.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention for
"Improvements in Purifying Animal and Vegetable Oils or Fatty Matters to
be used for Lubricating and other Purposes," together with the manner in
which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect,
I would remark in conclusion, that although for the sake of illustration I
have shown in the Drawings annexed and above described certain apparatus
which I consider suitable to and well adapted for the purposes of my Invention,
yet I do not consider such apparatus as any part of my Invention, nor do I
desire to confine myself to the use of that or any other particular form or
arrangement of apparatus, but what I claim as my Invention is the purifi-
cation of animal and vegetable oils or fatty matters by means of iodide of
potassium combined with the application of heat, substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Scipion Sequelin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
GEORGE DAVIES,
Patent Agent,
1, Serle St., Lincoln's Inn.
SCON. SEQUELIN. (L.S.)