Improvements in the Ejector Mechanism of Breech-loading Small-arms.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 8th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Ejector Mechanism of Breech-loading
Small-arms.
We, THOMAS GREEN of Weaman Row in the City of Birmingham, Gun Action
Maker and JOSEPH GREEN also of Weaman Row in the aforesaid City Gun Action
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the ejector mechanism of breech loading
small arms of the kind commonly called drop-down guns, or guns in which the
breech ends of the barrel or barrels turn upon a joint pin at the fore part of the
body of the said arm.
The primary object of our invention is to eject only exploded cases, and extract
unexploded ones, on the opening of a barrel or barrels. Thus, the opening or
breaking of a barrel or barrels, ejects the empty and spent case or cases, by inde-
pendent split extractors, which become ejectors on the falling of the hammers, but
remain extractors so long as the hammers are cocked.
We will describe our invention in connection with a double barrelled gun.
Working within longitudinally directed holes made within the solid of the metal
of the flat on the undersides of the barrels, are two short extractor legs, with split
or divided heads at their rear ends, which fit into like counter recesses made at the
back of the breech chamber as usual.
The fore parts of the holes wherein the extractor legs work, are fitted with coiled
springs, against the fronts of which, extractor working lugs or horns on the joint of
the body part comes; so that when the hammers are cocked, the springs slide with
the extractor legs as extensions of them, but when the hammers are down, the legs
of the extractors become fixed for a time; so that the angular movement made by
the breaking of the barrels, puts the coiled springs into a state of tension, which
when liberated at the proper time, by means as hereinafter described, the extractor
legs are made to recede with great impetus, and the fired cartridge cases flirted
outwardly from their chambers.
The extractor legs have notches on their undersides, wherein the fore-tail ends of
ejector sears engage, when the said ends 'are elevated-These ejector sears are pivoted
about their middles to the two opposite sides of the rear lump at its junction with
the barrels, whilst passing rearwardly through the break off in the same axial line as
the sears, are two slides or rods with returned ends, against which the backs of the
hammers come, on being cocked.
Fitted within recesses at the back, of the slides or rods, are coiled springs, which
press forwardly the rods or slides, on the falling of the hammers.
The noses or fore parts of the rods or, slides, are slightly inclined, and come in
juxta position to inclines of the rear of the ejector rod, and when the said slides or
rods are in their non-acting positions, their nose ends come within the break off of
the body, parts at its junction with the undersiles of the barrels, but when the
hammers are down, the nose ends of the slides. come upon the rears of the ejector
sears, and tilt them; so as to bring their fore parts within the notches of the
extractor legs, which are held in order that the springs may be compressed before
the extractors are again liberated, just before the fully opening of the barrels.
1
Working from front to rear through the front lump, is a secondary slide or
plunger, with an inclined plane fore part, a spring encircling its middle, and with the
rear part protruding through the front of the said lump, and coming opposite a
shoulder formed by cutting away a portion of the body pin, or the solid of the
knuckles.

page_text: The distance between the shoulder and the secondary slide, is the motion made by
the barrels around the joint, from closed to when nearly opened.
The inclined plane fore part of the secondary slide, is broadened out, to operate
both ejector sears, which have also upon their fore parts, inclined planes, upon which
the inclined plane of the said secondary slide comes, and by means of which, the
sears are taken out of bent, with the extractor legs, when they are required to be
released after the compression of the springs, and just before the fully opening of
the barrels.
The secondary slide is taken back to its normal position, by the coiled spring as
aforesaid, encircling its middle.
The action of the extractor and ejector mechanism is as follows:-
On the opening of the barrels when the hammers are cocked, the twin lugs or horns
extending upwardly from the knuckle of the body part, take into the extractor leg
boles as aforesaid, and press rearwardly the springs, which in their turn, force
outwardly the legs and split extractors, which are free. Thus, the springs constitute
only extensions of the legs when extracting only is required.
The extractor mechanism is converted into ejector mechanism as follows.
On the discharge of the arm by the falling of the hammers, the slides or rods being
free, are urged forward by the compressed springs behind them, which cause the noses
of the said slides to impinge upon the rear tails of the sears, so as to cause the said
sears to become tilted, and their foretails to be made to engage with the notches in the
extractor legs, so as to hold them rigidly.
The breaking of the barrels causes the lugs or horns on the knuckle of the body
part, to impinge upon the coiled springs, which have stationary abutments in the
fixed legs, which are released by the shoulder of the body pin or knuckle part coming
against the front of the secondary slide, which is urged rearward, and the sear fore
parts lifted from the notches in the extractor legs, which now being liberated, are
forced outwardly, by the stored up energy of the springs in front of them, and the
fired cartridge cases flirted outwardly from their chambers.
It will be thus understood that after the springs have been compressed between the
held legs of the extractors, and the horns of the knuckle part, the working shoulder
of the secondary slide then comes into requisition, and forces the incline of the
secondary slide under the sear noses, so as to lift them, and release the extractors,
which are suddenly shot forward, and the spent cases thereby flirted from their
chambers.
The cocking of the hammers by the breaking of the barrels, takes the primary slides
back to their former positions, compressing the springs, and with the nose ends of the
said slides removed from the tails of the sears, so as to allow the said sears to be
turned for the purpose as aforesaid.
The ejector mechanism of each barrel, acts perfectly independent of the mechanism
of the other barrel; so that if one barrel only be fired, then the spent case of that
barrel will be ejected, and the live cartridge in the other barrel extracted.
The sears instead of being jointed on the two opposite sides of the rear lump, may
be made to work through them; and further, the sears are kept out of bent, when the
ejector mechanism is in its normal position, by the locking bolt of the said arm
coming on the undersides of the tails.
Dated this 6th day of April 1889.
THOMAS
GREEN.
JOSEPH GREEN.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in the Ejector Mechanism of Breech-loading
Small-arms.
We, THOMAS GREEN, of Weaman Row, in the City of Birmingham, Gun Action
Maker, and JOSEPH GREEN, also of Weaman Row, in the aforesaid City, Gun Action
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the ejector mechanism of breech
loading small arms, of the kind commonly called drop down guns, or guns in which
the breech ends of the barrel or barrels, turn upon a joint pin at the fore part of
the body of the said arm.
The primary object of our invention, is to eject only exploded cases, and extract
unexploded ones, on the opening of a barrel or barrels." Thus the opening or
breaking of a barrel or barrels, ejects the empty or spent case or cases, by
independent split extractors, which become ejectors on the falling of the hammers,
but remain extractors, so long as the hammers are cocked.
We will describe our invention in connection with a double barrelled gun.
Working within longitudinally directed holes, made within the solid of the metal
of the flat on the undersides of the barrels, are two short extractor legs, with split
or divided heads at their rear ends, which fit into like counter recesses, made at
the back of the breech chamber, as usual.
The fore parts of the holes wherein the extractor legs work, are fitted with coiled
springs, against the fronts of which, extractor working legs or horns, on the joint
of the body part comes; so that when the hammers are cocked, the springs slide
with the extractor legs as extensions of them, but when the hammers are down, the
legs of the extractors are retained by the sears, while the angular movement made
by the breaking of the barrels, puts the coiled spring into a state of tension, which
when liberated, on the fully opening or the barrels, by the releasers, as hereinafter
described, the extractor legs are made to recede rearwardly, with great impetus, and
the fired cases, flirted outwardly from their chambers.
The extractor legs have notches on their undersides, wherein the fore tail ends of
the ejector sears engage, when the said ends are elevated. These ejector sears are
pivoted about their middles to the two opposite sides of the rear lump, at its junction
with the barrels, whilst passing rearwardly through the break-off, in the same
axial line as the sears, are two putting on slides, with returned ends, against which
the tops or backs of the hammers come, on being cocked.
Fitted within recesses at the back of the slides or rods, are coiled springs, which
press forwardly the putting on slides, on the falling of the hammers.
The noses or fore parts of the rods or slides, are slightly inclined, and impinge upon
the inclines of the rear of the ejector sear.
Working from front to rear through the front lump, is a releaser or secondary
slide, with an inclined plane rear part, a spring encircling its middle, and with the
front part protruding through the front of the said lump, and coming opposite a shoulder
of an arm of the joint part, for working the extractors.
The inclined rear part of the releaser or secondary slide is broadened out, to
operate both ejector sears, which have also upon their fore parts, inclined planes, upon
which the inclined plane of the said secondary slide coines, and by means of which,.
the sears are taken out of bent, with the extractor legs, when they are required to
be released after the compression of the springs, and just before the fully opening
of the barrels.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, represents partly in longitudinal vertical
section, and partly in side elevation, a breech-loading drop down double gun,
provided with cartridge case ejecting mechanism, constructed and arranged according

page_text: to our said invention. It will be seen that the said gun is bred, and with the nammers
down.
Ejection of the said mechanism, is put on, only after the withdrawal of the
locking bolt, which takes into the front and rear lumps, on the undersides of the
barrels.
'
Figure 2 represents the breech end of the barrels, without the body part, and
with ejection put on, consequent upon the falling of the hammer or hammers, and the
withdrawal of the locking bolt.
Figure 3 represents a like sectional view as figure 1, but with the barrels fully
opened, and the ejecting mechanism expelling a spent case.
It will thus be seen,
that the falling of the hammers, discriminate as to the spent cases to be ejected.
Figure 4 represents a side elevation of the putting-on slide.
Figure 5 is a plan of the same, shown fitted with a portion of the breech body
part, in connection with a hammer.
Figure 6 represents front and side elevation of the sear, or double armed catch, by
means of which ejection is put on and taken off.
Figure 7 is a front and side elevation of the sear releaser, actuated by the fully
opening of the barrels.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
Working longitudinally within holes, directed horizontally within the solid of the
metal of the flat on the undersides of the barrels, are two short extractor legs a³,
with independant extractor heads or hooks a, at their rear ends, and with coiled
springs 6, presented at their front ends.
The undersides of the said legs a³, have bents or shouldered notches a³, wherewith
the front ends c³, of a centrally pivoted double armed sear c, engage, on the falling
of the hammers.d, and the withdrawal of the locking bolt e.
Directed and working upon the sides of the said hammers, are ejection putting-on
slides f, with returned rear ends, and chamfered front ends f³, the latter of which,
impinge and travel up the inclines c*, of the rear arms c³, of the sears or catches c,
which are carried by the rear lump.
Working through the front lump, parallel, or nearly so to the direction of motion
of the extractor legs a³, is a sear releaser g, with inclined rear part g, and shoulder g³,
between which and a shoulder h³, of the said front lump h, a coiled spring i, is
Interposed.
This releaser is worked by the shoulder, of the body part of the short arm j³,
carried upon the joint part, m³, of the fore end.m, of the breech body part j.
The arms, which are in duplicate, and work the extractor, impinge upon inter-
posed studs k, instead of taking a direct bearing, upon the ends of the ejecting
springs b.
is the body pin of the arm, and upon which, the barrels 1, turn as a centre. .m is
the fore end, n the sear proper, and o the lever on the tang, by the turning of which,
the bolt e, is taken from the fore and rear lumps h, h³.
The putting on slides, have coiled springs, at their back ends, for the taking of
the slides into their putting on positions, on the falling of the haminers, and the sub-
sequent withdrawal of the locking bolt.
From this, it will be seen, that the extracting. mechanism. and the ejecting springs,
move together as single limbs, when the hammers are .cocked, but when the said
hammers are down or discharged, ejection only takes place.
The hooked or returned ends f, of the putting on slides, come against the rear.
parts of the heads of the hammers, which on being cocked, withdraw.the.said putting-
on slides, from their acting positions.
-:
The action of the parts in extracting, is as follows :-
'On the opening of the barrels, when the hammers. are cocked,. the twin arms or
lugs, extending upwardly above the joint m², of the fore end m, impinge against or
upon the studs k, and press rearwardly the extractors, and the ejecting springs at
their fronts, to an extracting distance,

page_text: EJECTION.
The falling of the hammers, consequent upon the discharge of the gun, leaves the
putting on slides f, free, which are then moved forward, by the re-action of the
compressed coiled springs behind them.. This moving forward of the said slides, .
causes the nose ends, of them, to come upon the tips of the inclines c¹ of the rear
arm c, of the sears or catches c.
The now turning of the lever o, withdraws the locking bolt e, from the lumps h h³,
respectively; and by such withdrawal, the putting on slides f, are pressed fully home,
upon the inclines of the sears, which are tilted, thereby taking their front ends o³,
into engagement with the bents or shouldered gaps a³, of the extractor legs a³, as
represented in figure 2.
The now turning of the barrels upon their joint or body pin, causes the arms or
Jugs, to impinge upon the studs k, in front of the springs b; and as the legs a', are
now beld stationary by the sear as aforesaid, the angular movement made by the barrels,
and the consequent like movement of the arms or legs j, the springs b, are compressed
until the nearly fully opening of the barrels, when the shoulder, below the said arms;³,
impinges upon the front ends of the releaser slides g, which on now being pressed
forward, causes its rear inclined part g, to travel up the inclines of the arms, of the
sears, thereby taking the catch ends e, from engagement with the bents or shouldered
gaps of the extractor legs, which now being free, are suddenly urged forward by the
expansion of the coiled springs b, which were as aforesaid, compressed by the opening
of the said barrels, until the extractors were released from their engagement with
the sears.
Thus the fully opening of the barrels, operates a releaser slide, which in its turn,
takes the bents from their engagement with the extractors, thereby releasing the said
extractors, which are urged rearwardly, and the spent cases expelled, by the expansion
or reaction of compressed coiled springs as represented in figure 3.
The closing of the barrels, and the cocking of the hammers, takes the ejecting and
other parts back to their normal positions, whilst the releaser slide, is also taken back
to its normal position, by its coiled spring.
It is understood that each barrel is provided with independant ejecting mechanism,
although the drawings represent the said mechanism, in connection with one barrel
only.
Thus, the ejector mechanism of one barrel, is perfectly independant of the ejector
mechanism of the other barrel, so that if one barrel only be discharged, then the
spent case of that barrel only will be ejected, and the live cartridge in the other
barrel, moved outwardly within its chamber, to an extracting distance.
Our invention is applicable to both single, as well as double barrelled guns.
By arranging the parts of the ejecting mechanism as described and represented,
the spring or springs for ejection, is or are compressed, by the opening of the
barrels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
First-Keeping the ejector sears in a neutral or out-of-bent position, and also
releasing them, for going into bent with the extractor mechanism, by the locking bolts,
substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly-The combination with the extractor legs a³, a³, and hammers d, of
putting on slide, (with spring f) sear c, and locking bolt e, arranged operating, and
co-operating, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly Disposing the ejecting springs of spring ejecting mechanism, between
the ends, or the front ends, of the extractor legs, and the arm, or arms, or snugs j³,
(for working the extracting mechanism) whereby the said springs are compressed
for ejection (when ejection is on) by the opening of the barrels, substantially as
described and set forth.

page_text: Fourthly-Releasing the ejector sears or catches, by a secondary or releaser slide,
operated from the fore end joint, or a part carried by it, arranged, substantially as
described and set forth.
Fifthly The means, as herein described and set forth; for putting-on, creating,
and releasing, ejection, and the ejecting parts.
Sixthly: The general construction and arrangement of the parts of extracting and
spent case expelling mechanism, substantially as described and set forth..
Dated, this 7th day of January 1890.
THOMAS
GREEN".
JOSEPH GREEN.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicants.