Improvements in and relating to Petroleum and like Internal Combustion Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1899-Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION...
Improvements in and relating to Petroleum and like Internal
Combustion Engines.
I, HARRY PARSONS, of Coldharbour, Earlsdon, near Coventry, in the County of
Warwickshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to an improved carburetting apparatus for petroleum and
like internal combustion engines and it has for..its object to obtain the following
ends whereby such devices are rendered more perfect and more reliable:-
Dispensing with the use of floats and valves. Heating the air as well as the oil.
Preventing the possibility of back explosion in the oil tank. Using the oil from
the bottom of the tank instead of the top so that the oil remains practically of the
same density throughout, and arranging the air and vapour valves so that they
can be controlled by one movement with one handle.
My improved carburettor consists essentially of two cylindrical chambers
mounted concentrically one within the other so as to leave a small annular space
between them, which space is filled with a loosely woven fabric of any suitable
absorbent material such as is employed in lamp wicks, the said fabric being
preferably woven in cylindrical form and stiffened with wire gauze to assist it in
keeping its shape. The upper end of the outer cylinder is enlarged and the upper
end of the inner cylinder is reduced so as to form by and between them an
enlarged chamber. The inner cylinder at or about the point where it is reduced
in size has an internal web or diaphragm separating it into two chambers. The
upper chamber formed by the reduced end forms the air supply the walls of the
said chamber being perforated with a number of small holes. The space between
the exterior of the inner cylinder and the interior of the fabric cylinder may
be filled with a loosely woven wick or other absorbent material, if found advisable.
The lower end of the outer cylinder is in communication with the bottom of the
oil tank or reservoir by means of a suitable pipe. The lower end of the-inner
cylinder is closed by a cap which is perforated with a series of holes and is
provided with a nozzle through which the branch of the exhaust tube passes,
or on to which it may be connected. This exhaust tube may be carried a sufficient
distance into the chamber to cause the exhaust to impinge on the web or diaphragm
dividing the cylinder into two chambers, whereby the air in the upper chamber
is heated as well as the oil passing up through the fabric cylinder outside the
lower chamber of the inner cylinder. The exhaust afterwards escapes through the
holes at the lower end of the inner cylinder.
+
On the upper end of the inner cylinder is mounted in any suitable manner a
revolving cap or plate which closes the chamber formed by and between the two
concentrically arranged cylinders and it may carry a series of inwardly projecting
prongs to engage with the fabric cylinder and wick so that when the said cap or
plate is rotated to operate the air and vapour valves the said wick may be twisted
first one way then the other thereby tending to keep its pores open and less
likely to become clogged, or these prongs may project from the centre tube, in
which case they would not turn.
The cylinder of the engine is in communication with the chamber formed by
and between the upper ends of the two concentrically arranged cylinders by means

page_text: of a suitably arranged pipe the orifice of which is closed by a lip carried by the
rotating cap or plate so as to form a valve, and the said pipe is in communication
with the atmosphere by means of a suitably shaped hole in it, thus providing
for the admission of air to mix with the vapour. This air hole is closed by means
of the regulating cap or plate, the arrangement being such that as the air valve
opens the vapour valve closes and vice versa. The regulating cap or plate is
controlled by a single lever from any convenient part.
The length of the carburettor is such that the distance from the bottom of the
chamber formed by and between the upper ends of the two cylinders to the lower
ends of the said cylinders is approximately the same as the depth of the oil tank.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1899.
Improvements in and relating to Petroleun and like Internal
Combustion Engines.
I, HARRY PARSONS, of Coldharbour, Earlsdon, near Coventry, in the County of
Warwickshire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
-what-manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved carburetting apparatus for petroleum and
like internal combustion engines and it has for its object to obtain the following
ends whereby such devices are rendered more perfect and more reliable:-
Dispensing with the use of floats and valves. Heating the air as well as the oil.
Preventing the possibility of back explosion in the oil tank. Using the oil from
the bottom of the tank instead of the top so that the oil remains practically of the
same density throughout, and arranging the air and vapour valves so that they
can be controlled by one movement with one handle.
In the accompanying drawing which illustrates this invention:
Figure 1 is a view in vertical section.
Figure 2 is a view in plan.
-
Figure 3 is a view in transverse section on line a, a, Figure 1, and
Figure 4 is a view in transverse section on line y, y, Figure 1.
Throughout the views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
My improved carburettor consists essentially of two cylinders A and B mounted
concentrically one within the other, the upper ends of the two cylinders being
preferably enlarged and reduced respectively as shown to enlarge the annular cham-
ber forming the carburetting chamber A'. The inner cylinder B at or about the
point where it is reduced in size has an internal web or diaphragm b separating it
into two chambers B1 and B2. In the upper chamber B₁ are a series of small
holes 6, b, etc. putting it into communication with the carburetting chamber A¹
and the lower end of the chamber B2 is in communication with the atmosphere
by a series of small holes 62, 62, etc. The lower end of the cylinder B is provided
with a nozzle 3 for the attachment of a branch pipe from the exhaust to admit
a portion of the exhaust gases to the chamber B2 in order to heat it. The exhaust
tube may if desired be carried a sufficient distance into the chamber to cause the
exhaust to impinge on the web or diaphragm b so that the air in the upper part of
the carburetting chamber A¹ is heated as well as the oil in the lower part thereof.
The upper end of the cylinder A is closed by means of a revolving cap or plate C
which is kept down on the top of the said cylinder by a spiral spring D acting

page_text: between the top of the cap or plate C and an open cap E screwed on the top of
the cylinder B and carrying a gauze screen F. This spring also allows the cap
or plate C to lift should any back pressure take place through any defective action
of the inlet valve of engine.
In the carburetting chamber A¹ are one or more fabric cylinders G held and sup-
ported by cylinders of wire gauze g and retained in position by depending flanges c,
c, on the cap or plate C. When two or more of these fabric cylinders are employed
they are made of various sizes so as to leave an annular space between them as
shown. The upper parts of the fabric cylinders lying in the enlarged part of the
carburetting chamber A' are either made of a looser material than the other parts
so as to enable air to pass more readily through them or a series of holes or
openings are formed in them.
On the side of the outer cylinder A is formed a small supplemental cylinder A*
The upper
adapted to form a mixing chamber A3 and contain a safety screen.
part of this cylinder is in communication with the cylinder A by means of a hole
or opening a which is adapted to be opened or closed by means of a depending
flange carried by the rotating cap or plate C closing the upper end of the
cylinder A for the purpose of regulating the amount of spirit vapour passing from
the carburetting chamber A¹ to the mixing chamber A³.
The upper end of the cylinder A2 is open but is covered by a gauze screen H
and its lower end is closed by a screw cap J. At or near its lower end is a nozzle a³
which is connected with the inlet valve of the engine by a pipe, and where the
orifice of the said nozzle enters the chamber it is provided with an annular
recess a. Between this annular recess a and the opening leading into the
carburetting chamber A is the safety screen which consists of a series of gauze
discs K, K, etc. kept apart by a series of rings or washers k interposed between
them. I prefer to keep these as loose and detachable pieces to facilitate the
cleansing or renewal of the gauze discs and to retain them in position I insert
between the gauze screen H and the top gauze disc K a cylindrical distance
piece L which has an opening which coincides with the opening a and is retained
in position by a screw such as . Beneath the safety screen is another cylindrical
distance piece M which extends over the recess at and converts it into an annular
chamber. In this distance piece M are a series of small holes m, m, etc. which put
the interior of the cylinder into communication with the annular chamber formed
by the recess a by which the explosive mixture of spirit vapour and air passes
to the nozzle the holes m, m, etc. ensuring the effective mixture of the spirit
vapour and air. Between the bottom of the cylindrical distance piece M and the
screw cap J is a spiral spring N which acts to keep the several parts together and
facilitates their being placed in position after removal for cleansing or other
purposes.
The upper end of the cylinder A2 is closed by means of a continuation or
extension C of the cap or plate C closing the upper end of the cylinder A and as
this plate rotates about the centre of the cylinder A it will be seen that its rotation
in one direction or the other causes the part C¹ to uncover or close the top end
of the cylinder A² thereby acting as a valve to control the supply of air to the
mixing chamber, the said part C of the cap or plate being so proportioned with
respect to the depending flange c¹ which forms with the hole a a valve to control
the supply of spirit vapour to the mixing chamber, that the said chamber is
opened to the atmosphere as it is being closed to the carburetting chamber and
inversely as it is closed to the atmosphere it is opened to the carburetting chamber.
The cap or plate C may be rotated in any convenient manner for which purpose it
may be provided with one or two ears or lugs such as c².
At the bottom part of the cylinder A is a nozzle a³ for connecting it with the oil
tank, which may be in direct communication with the said cylinder so long as its
depth does not exceed the depth of the smaller part of the carburetting chamber A¹
so that the height of the oil in the carburettor cannot rise higher than the
diaphragm or web between the two chambers B1 and B2 of the inner cylinder B.

page_text: "
The carburettor however may be fed automatically on the "bird-fountain
principle by also connecting it with the oil tank by an air nozzle such as a placed
at a convenient height above the nozzle a³. To enable the oil to be drawn from
the carburettor when required a draw off cock such as is provided at the bottom
of the cylinder A.
7
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
(1) The combination of parts herein described and illustrated by the accompany
ing drawing, forming an improved carburettor for petroleum and like internal
combustion engines.
(2) A carburettor for petroleum and like internal combustion engines consisting
of two concentrically arranged cylinders A and B forming by and between them
a carburetting chamber A into which the petroleum or other oil or spirit is allowed
to flow by gravitation or otherwise, the inner cylinder B being divided into two
chambers B and B by. a diaphragmb the upper chamber B₁ being open to the
atmosphere and in communication with the carburetting chamber by a series of
small holes 61, 61, etc. and the lower chamber B2 in connection with the exhaust,
of one or more fabric cylinders G arranged vertically in the carburetting cham-
ber A, of a supplemental cylinder A3 forming a mixing chamber A³ and containing
a safety screen, of a cap or plate C adapted to close the upper ends of the
-cylinders. A and A² and capable of being rotated about the centre of the
cylinder A to open and close the upper end of the-cylinder A³ the said cap_or
plate C carrying a depending flange c adapted to open and close the aperture a
between the carburetting and mixing chambers as and for the purpose set forth.
(3) A carburettor for petroleum and like internal combustion engines-consisting
of two concentrically arranged cylinders A and B forming by and between them
a carburetting chamber A¹ the cylinder A being provided at or near its lower end
with an opening for the introduction of the petroleum or other oil or spirit, and
the inner cylinder B being divided into two chambers B1 and B2 by a diaphragm b
the upper chamber B being open to the atmosphere and in communication with
the carburetting chamber by a series of small holes b', b¹, etc. and the lower
chamber 12 in connection with the exhaust, of one or more cylinders G of fabric
and wire gauze placed vertically in the carburetting chamber A¹, of a supplemental
cylinder A forming a mixing chamber A³, of a safety screen consisting of a series
of gauze discs K kept a short distance apart by a series of rings or washers k and
held in place by a distance piece L having a hole / coinciding with the aperture a
a distance piece M. having a series of small holes m, a spring such as N and a
cap J screwed into the lower end of the cylinder A2, of a cap or plate C adapted
to close the upper ends of the cylinders A and A2 and capable of being rotated
about the centre of the cylinder A to open and close the upper end of the cylin-
der A³ the said cap or plate C carrying a depending flange c adapted to open and
close the aperture a between the carburetting and mixing chambers, of a cap E
screwed on the top of the cylinder B, and of a spring such as D acting between
the cap E and the cap or plate C, as and for the purpose set forth.
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, Assoc. M. Inst.C.E., M.I. Mech. E.,
Chartered Patent Agent, 70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.