Year: 1889

page_text: I SAMUEL BAGNALL of Lawden Road Camp Hill in the City of Birmingham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to fasteners called safety pins, and is an improvement upon
Letters Patent granted to me, bearing date the 7th day of October 1887 and numbered
13583.
My present invention consists 1st, in providing the said safety pins with protective
and locking sheaths 2ndly, in a joint cap for preventing injury and catching to a
garment or fabric pinned, and 3rdly, in forming the sheath and cap, (which have front
and side gaps or apertures,) from sheet metal, raised and drawn through, without the
said gap or aperture being subsequently cut out.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in front elevation, a safety pin,
provided with a protective and locking sheath, constructed and inade according to my
said present invention. The pin which is shown unfastened, is secured or fastened by
pressing the limb of the pin inwards by its joint centre, and then passing its point end
through the gap, which on the pin being released, forces itself against and past the
inwardly directed rib or swell when the same becomes locked.
Figure 2 represents an edge view of figuro 1, whilst figure 3 shows the point end
of the said safety pin in the act of being introduced into the sheath for sheathing and
locking. Figure 4 represents the said safety pin fastened, and the pin thereof locked
within the sheath. Figure 5 represents a cross section of the sheath part of the
pin, upon the dotted lines A B figure 4, whilst figure 6 represents a cross section
of the said sheath part upon the dotted lines C, D figure 3. Figure 7 shows an
enlarged view of figure 5, so as to better exemplify the locking means, which is
accomplished by an inwardly directed swell, groove, or rib indentation, which yields
outwardly and in obedience to pressure exerted upon it, by the point end of the pin on
fastening or un-fastening. Figure 8 represents a longitudinal section of the sheath.
Figure 9 represents in front elevation, a nursery pin, provided with a point protective
sheath and a joint cap, both of which are constructed according to my invention.
IDO 17

page_text: Figure 10 represents a side elevation of the said figure 9. Figures 11 and 11ª
represent the blank for making the sheath with side aperture figure 12. Figure 13
represents a front and side elevation of the open sidod joint cap separately.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is the loop joint of the nursery pin, b the tongue, c the bar, and d the sheath, with
slit or aperture d passing through its front side, wherethrough the point end of the
tongue or pin inwardly or outwardly passes, on the fastening or unfastening of the said
safety pin.
The sheath is provided with a locking device d³, in the form of an inwardly directed
swell or metal impress, which on the opening out of the tongue when in the sheath,
yields in obedience to pressure exerted upon it, and thus allows the pin to pass into the
locking chamber of the sheath, which is marked d. Thus, it will be seen, that on
inward pressure being applied to the tongue stem for fastening, the point end is passed
through the gap d, and then when released, presses itself against the outer incline of
the inwardly directed swell d³, which then momentarily rises, and allows the tongue
end to pass, and become locked behind it, as represented in figures 4, 5, and 7.
In figure 9, the joint or coil end of the pin, is protected by a cap e, whose tongue is
open, wherethrough the joint or coil end of the tongue b, works. This joint enclosing
cap, is for the purpose of preventing injury or catching of fabrics pinned, as it is well
known that an ordinary naked joint becomes open when springing, and grips and
entangles the filaments of the materials pinned.
The other parts of the safety pin are marked with the same letters of reference as
the preceding figures.
Both the point protecting sheath and the joint cap, are secured or affixed to the bar
or carrier stems, by inwardly impressing or enclosing the metal upon or around parts
of them; that is to say, impressing grooves on the two opposite sides of the sheath
and cap, and thereby affixing the said sheaths and caps to the ends of the bars.
The sheath d, is made from a blank of sheet metal like that of figure 11, which is
operated upon by dies and pressure, and thereby formed into an elongated or flattened
cup, with a cap or aperture d', within one side. If the gap or aperture of the said
sheath requires to be more or less closed, then I convex the plain side of the blank
more or less as in figure 11^.
Figure 11 represents the blank for the making up of a sheath with soldered
junctions, while figure 11° represents another blank for the making up of a soldered
sheath, whose gap or aperture has a bulbous end to it.
The sheath is produced from a blank of sheet metal, of a like shape to that of
figure 11, which is operated upon by dies and pressure, and thereby formed into an
elongated or flattened cup, with the aperture d', upon one side, formed within it.
-
Figure 14 represents in front elevation, a locking sheath safety pin, constructed
according to another form of my invention. It will be seen that the gap or aperture,
which is the entrance to the sheath, is contracted at its lower and open end, and with
the sides which are approximate thereto, made yielding.
Figure 15 represents the same, with the tongue point in the act of being introduced
into the sheath, or passed through the apertures.
Figure 16 is an end elevation figure 17 a section on the dotted lines figure 14,
figure 18 a section on the dotted lines figure 15, and figure 19 shows the cap
separately.
a is the joint coil of the pin, the tongue, e the bar, d the the cap, d² the aperture,
d the locking swell, d the locking chamber, d the inlet yielding side of the
contracted part of the aperture, and d the outlet yielding side of the said contracted
part of the aperture.
Thus, to fasten a pin, pass and press the point of the stem as in figure 15, upon the
side, when the same yields in obedience to pressure exerted, and passes over the
locking well d', and rests in its locked position figure 14.
To unfasten the pin, press the tongue outwardly against the side do, when the same
yields and allows the tongue point end to pass outwardly.

page_text: Although I have shown that the contracted part of the aperture is at the bottom,
yet the same may be disposed in any other position which may be found most
desirable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First Locking or retaining the point end of the tongue of a nursery pin, within
its sheath, by a yielding or inner directed spring swell, groove, (underside) stop or
indent, substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly-Making the sides of the aperture entrances of safety-pin sheaths,
contracted and yielding, substantially as and for the purpose as described and set
forth in figures 14 to 19 both inclusive of the drawings.
Thirdly -The improvements in nursery pin protective sheaths and caps, which are
affixed to the bar of the pin, by opposite indentations or grooves, as described and set
forth in the several figures of the drawings.
Fourthly Covering the naked joint or coil end of a safety pin, by a closed
bottomed cap, with an open side, as set forth in figures 9, 10 and 13 of the drawings.
Fifthly Making gapped or open-sided safety pin sheaths or caps as described,
by a raising or drawing through process, and from blanks, as set forth in figures 11
and 114; also making soldered sheaths from blanks, as set forth in figures 11B
and 11º, whereby the process of gapping or cutting out the aperture is dispensed
with.