Year: 1887

page_text: I, EDWIN SHERRING, of 39 Hanging Ditch, Manchester, Corn broker, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The improvements relate to lamps for burning petroleum and other oils, for illumi-
nating, heating, and other purposes, and consist of a special construction of lamp
having for objects the cutting off to a large extent the heat of the flame from the oil
reservoir, thus rendering the same less liable to explosion or fire from accident or
carelessness; and also the automatic extinguishing of the flame in case of the lamp
becoming upset. To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, I construct an
oil lamp of the usual or other convenient form, but with an air chamber or chambers
extending over the whole or a considerable portion of the reservoir for oil, and chiefly
on the upper surface thereof. This air chamber, in the ordinary form of lamp, and by
preference, is constructed dome shaped, and has openings for the admission of air at
or about its outer or lower rim. The air entering through these openings may be
either employed alone for the supply of oxygen to the burner of the lamp, or in com-
bination with air entering the ordinary or other openings in the burner for this
purpose.
It will thus be seen, that in operation, a supply of cool air passes over the oil
reservoir, and thus prevents the same to a great extent from becoming heated by con-
duction through the metallic and other parts of the lamp. This air chamber or
chambers may be employed with the ordinary form of lamp and burner, or with
specially formed lamps and burners, and the burners may be constructed with or
without additional openings for the admission of air other than by the way of the air
chamber or chambers referred to, and with openings for the admission of the air in
the annular portion of such burner instead of in the base thereof, or it may be in both
combined.
A wick case or tube cutting off the main body of the oil in the reservoir is fitted,
by preference, thereto by screw thread or otherwise, and may extend from the point
of connection with the burner to near the bottom of the reservoir. This wick case or
tube may be of any non-inflammable substance, and may either have pores or openings
in the sides thereof, or only be open at the bottom.
The automatic extinguishing apparatus is formed by means of angled or curved
swivel extinguishers fitted to swing on pivots attached to the wick case of the burner,
or to any other convenient part, or, by preference, to a separate and independent slide
or case or fixing, which is capable of being attached to or detached from the burner at
will. And may or may not be provided with a means for manual operation when the
lamp is at rest.
The swivel extinguishers are so arranged that when the lamp is in the upright or

page_text: burning position, gravity causes them to swing back from the wick, but when the
lamp is upset or takes the horizontal position, gravity causes the extinguishers or one
of them to tumble over, and so cover the wick and put out the flame.
Two, or more swivel extinguishers may be employed, or as a modification one alone,
and they may either be constructed with pores or openings therein, or otherwise.
But that the improvements may be better understood, I will by the aid of the
accompanying drawings proceed more fully to describe means employed by me.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, represents one form of lamp constructed in accordance with my improve-
ments, half in elevation and half in vertical section. Figs. 2 and 3, shew a separate
slide or case for attachment to a burner fitted with a double swivel extinguisher.
The same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever they occur.
a, a, is the reservoir of oil, and b, b, is the air chamber or space. a¹, a¹, is the cover
of the reservoir, and ',, is the cover of the air space or chamber, while 62, 63 are
openings in the outer portions of the casing for the admission of air.
The dome shape is shewn for both a', a', and ', 6', but it will be manifest that
other forms may be employed in either or both; and that the space may be divided
into two or more chambers by means of webs or diaphrams, or entirely separated
chambers may be employed.
The casing 1, 1, may be attached to the lamp by soldering, by screw or clip, or
other means, and may, if desired, extend beyond the line of attachment shewn, to the
encasing of the whole or a portion of the lower part of the reservoir, and the openings
for air may thus be at a greater distance from the burner than shewn; or the air
chamber b, b, may fall short of the line indicated, and other variations in detail may
be made without departing from the peculiar character of the invention.
The arrows indicate the direction of the air supply through the chamber or
chambers, along the outside of the wick holder to the flame, which it will be seen by
this arrangement is delivered to the flame in a warm or heated condition, thus giving
the flame all the advantages derivable from such heated air.
c, c, is the extra wick case or tube passing down the oil reservoir, and is here shewn
to be round; but it may be of various forms and diameters, and the lamp may be
constructed without it.
•
d, d, is the wick holder of the burner, and e, e, the swivel extinguishers. These are
swung on the pivots f,f, and may be of any suitable form or size, and the fulcrum of
the levers may be at any convenient point, and more than two may be employed if
desirable where the form of the wick demands it, by pivoting them at right angles, or
otherwise; and they may or may not be provided with the shaft g, g, and thumb
nut h, h, or other means of manual operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :--
1. In the construction of lamps for oil burning purposes, the employment of an air
chamber or chambers formed upon or around the oil reservoir, or combined therewith,
for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein shewn and described.
2. The construction and employment of swivel automatic flame extinguishers, in
connection with lamps for oil burning purposes, whether such extinguishers are com-
bined with lamps in construction, or are attachable thereto, and in manner substantially
as herein shewn and described.
Dated this 1st day of October 1887.
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester,
Agent.