IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING TELEGRAPHIC SIGNALS AND DESPATCHES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Schanschieff, of St. Petersburg, in the
Empire of Russia, Officer in the Imperial Navy, temporarily
residing at Taunton Terrace, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING TELEGRAPHIC
SIGNALS AND DESPATCHES."-A. communication from abroad by Valen-
tine Haüy, Marquis de Forville, of St. Petersburg, Telegraphic
Engineer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Schanschieff
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 14th March 1872.
I, ALEXANDER SOHANSCHIEFF, of St. Petersburg, in the Empire of
Russia, Officer in the Imperial Navy, temporarily residing at Taunton
Terrace, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING TELE-
GRAPHIC SIGNALS AND DESPATCHES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of appliances by
which springs and the usual clockwork are dispensed with in those

page_text: ribband of paper is employed for the reception of the despatch or
signal.
The power for maintaining the movements of the various pieces
consists of one or more weights suspended by an endless cord passed
round or over pulleys arranged vertically and inclined for leading the
cord from one part of the apparatus to another. One of the weights is
heavier than the other if only two are used, and at first starting the
heaviest weight is raised to near the table top by a crank handle, the
axle of which is furnished with a ratchet wheel and a paul to prevent
the weight running down.
The cord passes over several guide pulleys, and also one or more
pullies upon a shaft, on one part of which is a wheel having blades or
floats fitted on or to it, dipping into a trough of water to check and to
regulate the rotation of the set of pullies through the unwinding of the
cord. The trough is adjustable to determine the depth to which the
blades shall enter the water, and it is by this means that the appliances
can be caused to travel faster or slower according to the exigenices of
the despatches or the desire of the attendant. The cord is led over
rollers in connection with the bobbin of paper and the printing portion
of the apparatus for ensuring the proper working of all the parts
simultaneously.
The table top is hinged at one end, so that the other can be raised to
expose the rollers, and to permit of a fresh cord being put on should
the former one have a defect in it, or when it had become abrased to
such a degree as to cause a doubt of its effective action.
The printing appliances with the roller for causing the paper to
unwind from its bobbin to receive the impression is, as before stated,
governed by the cord, and the "stile" or pointer which puts the paper
into contact with the ink roller is actuated by the intensity of the
current and the activity of the electro-magnets, the armature or arma-
tures with the pointer being in relation thereto through a rod. The
armature or armatures may be at the top or the bottoms of the coils,
and should it be arranged at the top it is proposed to suspend the con-
nection rod of the pointer by a screw button from a plate embracing at
each end one of the prolongations of the cores of the magnets. The
ink or color box is only partially open at the top for the ink roller to

page_text: work in for printing the paper, the other part being closed in so that
when the table top is lifted, as before referred to, the ink flows into
the closed in portion, and is retained therein without being spilt.
The disposition of the parts of the apparatus is an essential feature in
this Invention, as well as some of the special appliances to which
reference will be made in the Specification to be filed hereafter, these
all being dependent upon the endless cord herein-before mentioned to
be used in telegraphic receiving instruments in combination with the
weights and the floats working in a trough of water by which all
springs, gearing wheels, and clockwork appliances usually employed are
dispensed with.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Schanschieff in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
SCHANSCHIEFF, of Saint Petersburg, in the Empire of Russia, Officer in
the Imperial Navy, temporarily residing at Taunton Terrace, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alexander Schanschieff, Her special licence
that I, the said Alexander Schanschieff, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander Schanschieff, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING TELEGRAPHIC SIGNALS AND DESPATCHES," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Valentine Haüy, Marquis de Forville,
of Saint Petersburg, Telegraphic Engineer, upon the condition (amongst

page_text: others) that I, the said Alexander Schanschieff, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Schanschieff, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of appliances by
which springs and the usual clockwork are dispensed with in those
receiving instruments known as Morse's, and in which a strip or ribband
of paper is employed for the reception of the despatch or signal.
The power for maintaining the movements of the various pieces con-
sists of one or more weights suspended by an endless cord passed round
or over pulleys arranged vertically and inclined for leading the cord
from one part of the apparatus to another. One of the weights is
heavier than the other if only two are used, and at first starting the
heaviest weight is raised to near the table top by a crank handle, the
axle of which is furnished with a ratchet wheel and a pawl to prevent
the weight running down.
The cord passes over several guide pulleys, and also one or more
pulleys upon a shaft, on one part of which is a wheel having blades or
floats fitted in it for dipping into a trough of water to check and regulate
the rotation of the set of pullies through the unwinding of the cord.
The trough is adjustable to determine the depth to which the blades
shall enter the water, and it is by this means that the appliances can be
caused to travel faster or slower according to the exigencies of the
despatches or the desire of the attendant. The cord is led over rollers
in connection with the bobbin of paper and the printing portion of the
apparatus for ensuring the proper working of all the part simultaneously.
The table top is hinged at one end so that the other can be raised to
expose
the rollers, and to permit of a fresh cord being put on should the

page_text: former one have a defect in it, or when it had become abrased to such
a degree as to cause a doubt of its effective action.
The printing appliances with the roller for causing the paper to
unwind from its bobbin to receive the impression is, as before stated,
governed by the cord, and the “stile” or pointer which puts the paper
into contact with the ink roller is actuated by the intensity of the
arma-
current and the activity of the electro-magnets, the armature or
tures with which the pointer being in relation thereto through a rod.
The armature or armatures may be at the top or bottom of the coils,
and should it be arranged at the top it is proposed to suspend the con-
nection rod of the pointer by a screw button from a plate, embracing at
each end one of the prolongations of the cores of the magnets. The
ink or color box is only partially open at the top for the ink roller to
work in for printing the paper, the other part being closed in so that
when the table top is lifted, as before referred, the ink flows into the
closed in portion and is retained therein without being spilt.
The disposition of the parts of the apparatus is an essential feature in
this Invention, as well as some of the special appliances, these all being
dependent upon the endless cord herein-before mentioned to be used in
telegraphic receiving instruments in combination with the weights and
the floats working in a trough of water, by which all springs, gearing
wheels, and clockwork appliances usually employed are dispensed
with.
The Invention will be more particularly understood by reference to
the accompanying Drawings.
Figures 1, 2, and 3 of Sheet 1 show at R and R¹ the weight and
counterpoise in question. The first, which weighs about 40 lbs., produces
a motive action in the direction of the arrow r, Figures 1 and 3, and.
the second weighs 10 lbs., receives through the action of the first an
opposite direction, indicated by the arrow e¹, Figures 1 and 4, so that the
real effort of the motive weight upon the general system of locomotion is
equal to 30 lbs., but after having augmented the duration of the descent
of the motive weight, and to diminish at the same time its traction upon
the cord, the latter rolls upon the two coupled supports, each composed
of 15 lateral pulleys, and giving as resultant duration of the fall = 1×10,
and traction 8 = 4lbs. An endless cord (Figures 2 and 4 in Sheet 1)
unrolled by the supports N and N¹ which bear the counterweights R' is

page_text: unrolled by the supports M and M', carrying the motive weight R.
Between the two upper supports M and N the cord having to furnish
different motive effects its course is indicated by what follows :-
By following the unrolling of the cord as it proceeds from the upper
support N, Figure 4 and 5,) following the arrows which show the
direction by which it passes upon the polygonal pulley G (Figures 3, 4,
and 5), upon which it exerts two turns useful to prevent it sliding, and
to which it transmits a rotation. From G the cord is directed upon the
pulley d, returns upon the angle pulley b, and arrives after passing above
the table upon the pulley P. From the latter P it descends upon the
angle pulley c, becomes horizontal at d, and rises again to roll round two
other polygonal pulleys from the two last pulleys I and J, the cord
proceeds to the angle pulley e (Figure 3), from whence it is directed to
the upper support M, where it is finally held by the motive weight R.
The angle pulleys g and h (Figures 3 and 5), and i and j (Figures 4
and 5), as well as the parts of the cord which they hold, remain immove-
able during the progress of the apparatus, and their movement, indicated
by the pointed arrows, is the exclusive result of the rewinding. The
said rewinding, which is effected by means of the special polygonal
pulley H, Figures 4 and 5, the rotation of the pulley H is produced
by the crank S, and its action is paralysed by the ratchet wheel K and
the click of the ratchet L.
Figures 4 and 5 of Sheet 1 represent at H a special polygonal pulley
upon which the cord makes two turns, and which is intended for the
raising of the motive weight R.
The ratchet wheel K, armed with a ratchet L of cast steel turning
freely upon an axis of the same metal, interposes between the recoil
of the pulley H, and the retrograde movement of the motive weight R.
The strong dimensions of the ratchet provide a natural weight, which
avoids itself the use of any kind of spring. The whole screwed together
and fixed by a bolt O upon a steel shaft Q (Figure 5) is put in rotation
by the hand through a crank s fixed to the exterior of the shaft Q by a
key which traverses it.
The hydraulic wheel shewn at T (Figures 6, 3, and 5, Sheet 1) is
composed of a muffle W of cast copper carrying 16 pallets of copper
soldered to it. The muffle W is traversed by a turned shaft Y of steel

page_text: nut c which serves to meet the nut d, and which is separated from it by
a small spring e, is intended to regulate the degree of pressure of the
imprinting muller against the paper ribbon, and presents at f and ƒ¹ an
elastic press into which the fork is introduced (Figures 1 and 2) of the
pallet o, p, which carries the printing muller (Figures 1 and 3). The said
pallēt o, p, is placed like a lever of a balance upon the knife U of the inker
Figures 1, 2, and 5), and is maintained in its freedom of action by a
screw W which traverses it in its plate, and which is equally provided by
a small spiral spring x.
The extremity p of the pallet o, p, is provided with a fork l, whilst its
opposite extremity o carries the printing muller q (Figure 1 and 3),
which, following the advantageous system of M. Dignay, Frères, dating
from 1856, dips into an ink reservoir.
The inker r, r¹, (Figure 1, 2, and 3), which is introduced so as to
draw out between the two projections 8 and t, serve to guide it, and is 1
secured into its normal position by the screw v, traversing for this
purpose the table Y of the socket of the apparatus.
2"
The inner arrangement of the inker which presents with regard to the
part to the right r², Figure 5, an additional height as well as a dimi-
nution of the reservoir, whilst the left part r less elevated than the first 12
presents a massive part of the metal in which the necessary openings for
the filling of the inker as well as the passage of the printing muller. This
latter introduced into the straight canal y, y¹, is immerged by the ink
which poured by the side in the reservoir 7. It follows by this com-
bination that by the uplifting or the rocking above the table, the 2
movement of which operates from left to right upon the hinge Z,
(Figure 3, Sheet I.), all the ink is projected by this movement towards
the part r, and the cubic volume of the ink contained in the part v finds
easily its place in the space comprised between the maximum level of
the ink and the interior surface of the platform of the reservoir.
The complete inspection of the interior parts of the hydraulic apparatus
can be effected in 1 or 2 minutes.
3
Besides it should be remarked as a fact of the highest importance for
the service of the correspondence that is whatever be the device of the
opening above the table, and whatever may be the inner view of the 3
hydraulic apparatus, the service of the despatches, the transmission and
reception is not susceptible of any stopping or any hindrance.

page_text: Figures 1 to 10, Sheets 4 and 5, show a modified arrangement of
receiving apparatus, the same letters of reference being used in this as
in the first arrangement in order to make the change readily understood.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Schanschieff, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
A. SCHANSCHIEFF. (L.s.)