Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th Sept.; 1892-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by MAX WEIGEL, Paper Manufacturer, of Tetschen
on the Elbe, in the Kingdom of Bohemia, Empire of Austria.]
Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The apparatus for filtering purposes according to the present invention, consists
in the arrangement of straight filtering bodies placed parallel to each other, short
distances apart, within a tank or reservoir which is provided with proper devices for
the entrance of the liquid to be filtered, and with proper devices for the exit of
turbid and clear products of filtration. The apparatus is constructed mainly for
the filtration of large quantities or bulk of water.
The filtering bodies consist of straight frames covered at their sides with wire
gauze or other suitable filtering material, and within each frame a perforated tube
is arranged, closed at one end, and penetrating with the other or open end through
the frame into the exit chamber of the apparatus.
In this apparatus, the filtering process takes place by means of a fibrous material,
such as cellulose, for example, which is added to the water to be filtered, and which
material, in an automatic manner, will be distributed in the apparatus, and will
deposit on the sieve surfaces of the filtering bodies, so that while, in the first
instance, or at the commencement of the filtering process, the liquid will run off in
a turbid state (which turbid liquid is drawn off by separate apertures), filtering
beds will soon be formed on the said sieve surfaces by the fibrous material, allowing
the water to pass only in a clear state, which is conducted into the reservoir for
filtered water.
The apparatus is provided preferably with 5 filtering bodies; the number of
such bodies, and the size of the apparatus, may however vary according to the
quantity of water to be filtered in a given time.
In the tank or reservoir, the filtering bodies, which are provided with sieve or
wire
gauze surface on their sides, and with a perforated draining tube, are placed a
certain distance above the bottom of the apparatus, and rest with their ends on
proper supports.
The entrance of the water to be filtered is through a chamber which communicates
with the tank, and the admission of water into the tank may be regulated by means
of sluices. Beneath the entrance chamber, a channel is arranged, which may be
closed from said chamber by means of a bung; the entrance chamber is provided
at its side with an aperture closed by a cover, through which aperture the cellulose
may be removed or evacuated from the tank, if necessary.
Beneath the exit chamber, into which drain tubes eject the filtered water, a
channel is also provided, which may be closed from said chamber by means of a
bung. Through this channel, the first turbid water is drawn off; for pure water,
however, another escape is provided.
The operation or mode of working, or starting the apparatus, is as follows:-
First, a certain quantity of cellulose such as necessary, according to the size of the
apparatus and the number of the filtering bodies, is dissolved in water as perfectly
as possible. When this is done, the solution is admitted to the entrance chamber
and the tank.
The entrance into the tank, which is narrowed by the above mentioned sluice,
being partly opened; will cause the water, and the water with the cellulose, to
enter the tank with a lively whirl, thereby distributing the cellulose throughout'

page_text: the whole body of water filling the tank. As soon as the tank is sufficiently
filled with water and with cellulose, the level being above the filtering bodies. and
water to be filtered still continuing to rush through the entrance sluices, the bung
in the exit chamber is removed, while the pure-water escape in this chamber, and
bung in the entrance chamber, remain closed.
The formation of a layer or bed of cellulose filter on the sieve surfaces of the
filter bodies, will now commence, this formation continuing automatically until all
the cellulose has been deposited in firm layers or beds on said surfaces.
The process must be continued for, say, about five to ten minutes, during which
period all the impure filtrate is drawn off." As soon as the water commences to flow
pure, the turbid-water escape is closed, and the clear-water escape opened, so as to
conduct the pure water into its reservoir.
If it is required to stop working of the apparatus for cleaning or other purposes,
the admission of water is shut off, and the apparatus is allowed to empty itself, care
being taken not to lose the cellulose.
The beds or sheets of cellulose on the sieve surfaces of the filter bodies, are
afterwards removed by loosening one corner of each sheet or bed by hand.
The dirty cellulose removed from the apparatus may be washed in a beater or
washing engine, as well known in paper mills, for further use.
Dated this 11th day of December 1891.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The apparatus for filtering purposes according to the present invention, consists
in the arrangement of straight filtering bodies placed parallel to each other short
distances apart within a tank or reservoir, which is provided with proper devices
for the entrance of the liquid to be filtered, and with proper devices for the exit of
turbid and clear products of filtration. The apparatus is constructed mainly for
the filtration of large quantities or bulk of water, and is thus described by my
foreign correspondent.
The filtering bodies consist of straight frames covered at their sides with wire
gauze or other suitable filtering material, and within each frame a perforated tube
is arranged, closed at one end, and penetrating with the other or open end through
the frame into the exit chamber of the apparatus.
In this apparatus, the filtering process takes place by means of a fibrous material
such as cellulose, for example, which is added to the water to be filtered, and
which material in automatic manner will be distributed in the apparatus, and will
deposit on the sieve surfaces of the filtering bodies, so that while in the first
instance, or at the commencement of the filtering process, the liquid will run off in
a turbid state (which turbid liquid is drawn off by separate apertures), filtering
beds will soon be formed on the said sieve surfaces by the fibrous material, allowing
the water to pass only in a clear state, which is conducted into the reservoir for
filtered water.
In Sheet I of the annexed drawings, in which the apparatus is represented in
plan, longitudinal section, and cross section (at Figs. 1, 2 and 3 respectively), the
apparatus is provided preferably with five filtering bodies s; the number of such
bodies, and the size of the apparatus, may however vary according to the quantity
of water to be filtered in a given time.
4.

page_text: In the tank or reservoir a, the filtering bodies s, which are provided with sieve
or wire gauze surfaces on their sides, and with a perforated draining tube t within,
are placed a certain distance above the bottom of the apparatus, and rest with their
ends on proper supports. is the entrance chamber, and c the exit chamber of the
apparatus; the first named chamber communicates with the tank a underneath the
filtering bodies s, and the admission of water into the tank may be regulated by
means of the sluice and sluice q.
Beneath the entrance chamber b, a channel p is arranged, which may be closed
from said chamber by means of a bung o; the chamber is provided at its side
with an aperture closed by a cover n, through which aperture the cellulose may be
removed or evacuated from the tank a if necessary.
Beneath the exit chamber c, into which the drain tubes teject the filtered water,
a channel is provided, which may be closed from said chamber by means of a
bung m, through which channel the first turbid water is drawn off; for pure water,
however, another escape, viz., the conduit l, with the sluice k, is provided. The
operation or mode of working or starting the apparatus is as follows:-First, a
certain quantity of cellulose, such as is necessary according to the size of the
apparatus and the number of the filtering bodies, is dissolved in water as perfectly
as possible. This is done in a chest not shewn in the drawing, but said chest must
be arranged to drain into the channel, shut up or provided with the sluice q. Then
the sluice is raised for, say, about 6 centimeters from the bottom, to create a
communication between the entrance chamber band the tank a. Now the sluice q is
opened to allow the water to be filtered to rush into the tank a, allowing at the same
time the chest above mentioned to empty its contents, water and cellulose, into the
apparatus, in such a manner that the contents of the said chest is equally distributed
into the bulk of water necessary for filling the entire apparatus.
The entrance into the tank a, which is narrowed by the above mentioned sluice r,
being partly opened, will cause the water and the water with the cellulose to enter
the tank with a lively whirl, thereby distributing the cellulose throughout the
whole body of water filling the tank." As soon as the tank a is sufficiently filled
with water and with cellulose, the level being above the filtering bodies, and water
to be filtered still continuing to rush through the sluices y and r, the bung m in the
chamber is removed, whereas the sluice k in this chamber, and bung o in the
entrance chamber, remain closed.
The formation of a layer or bed of cellulose filter on the sieve surfaces of the
filter bodies, will now commence, this formation continuing automatically until all
the cellulose has been deposited in firm layers or beds on said surfaces.
The process must be continued for, say, about five to ten minutes, during which
period all the impure water is drawn off through the bung hole m into the channel i.
As soon as the water coming forth through the drain tubes t commences to flow
pure, the bung m is inserted into its hole, and the sluice k is raised, so as to conduct
the pure water into its reservoir, or wherever it is wanted.
1",
If it is required to stop the working of the apparatus for cleaning or other
purposes, the admission of water is shut off by closing the sluice q, and the
apparatus is allowed to empty itself by removing the bungo in the entrance
chamber b, so that the contents of the apparatus is drained through the channel
allowing the contents to run into a save-all, or other appropriate device to retain
the cellulose. The beds or sheets of cellulose on the sieve surfaces to the filter
bodies, are afterwards removed by loosening one corner of each sheet or bed by
hand, the sheet generally dropping off by its own weight onto the bottom of the
apparatus, this bulk of cellulose being removed, by means of a scraper, through the
aperture from which the cover n has been removed. The dirty cellulose removed
from the apparatus may be washed in a beater, or washing engine, as well known
in paper mills, for further use.
It may be convenient or useful to remove one of the filtering bodies from the
tank a for cleaning, repairing, or other purposes, without interrupting the filtering
process of the other filtering bodies s.

page_text: Such removal may easily be done, as the tank a is an open one; but for securing
the filtering body in the tank, and for securing tight connection between the newly
inserted filtering body, and the exit chamber c, I refer to Fig. 4 of the drawings
(Sheet II), which shews a longitudinal section of the apparatus exactly like that
on Sheet 1, with the following slight modifications, which I have found very useful
for the purpose above stated.
The filtering body s may be provided with an interior perforated tube t, as in the
former case, or with a short tube t', only at the exit side, which tube t' is fixed into
the head end of the frame of the filtering body, a proper hole being provided in the
wall of the tank into which the tube t' enters, to create communication between the
interior of the filtering body and the exit chamber c. On the tube t¹ I put a ring u
of india rubber, or other suitable material, to create tightness between the head
end of the frames and the wall of the tank a, if the said tube is inserted into the
hole of the latter, and if the frame is driven on by the wedge x. This is now the
operating position of the filtering body. If I desire to remove it without interfering
with the continued filtering process of the other bodies, I shut the above mentioned
hole from the side of the exit chamber c by a proper stop or bung, I then withdraw
the wedge, and I slide backward the filtering body until its tube t' leaves the
hole in the wall. I am then able to lift the filtering body out of the tank a by
means of tackle. The reinsertion of said filtering body is effected, by the reverse
operations.
Having now particularly described' and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A filtering apparatus with filtering bodies (s) of a straight form, which bodies
consist of frames covered on their sides with sieves or wire gauze, and having an
inner drain tube (t), said bodies being arranged at certain distances from each
other within a tank (a), and raised above the bottom of said tank, said tank being
provided with an entrance chamber (b) and a sluice (r), the latter arranged
between said tank and said chamber below the filtering bodies.
2. In a filtering apparatus of above described construction, securing and
connecting the filtering bodies & in the tank a, and with the exit chamber c, by the
tube t or short tube t', the india rubber ring u, and wedge x, as and for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 10th day of September 1892
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.