Improvements in Wind Musical Instruments.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 28th Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wind Musical Instruments.
I, PUPO PUPESCHI, of Via Nationale 1, Florence, in the Kingdom of Italy,
Musician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In all wind instruments, clarionet, hautboy, English horn, saxophone,
flute, etc., the key of the left little finger which produces the sol has always
given a single fundamental note. With the object of diminishing the number of
keys and of obtaining with greater facility several connected actions, I have
thought of actuating by the said key another lower key, thereby producing two or
three fundamental notes, and harmonic relations, without removing the finger from
such key. The following is a description of the manner of applying the
invention:-
The key of sob (see Fig. 1) is represented by a small plate S. This small
plate is united to a ring D, or to the rings D, E, F, and naturally such small plate
is no longer soldered to the key of soh, as hitherto, so that this key of soh
being independent and being acted upon by a very weak spring should remain
open; but instead of this I cause it to be acted upon by a lever a, and by means
of a spring of greater power I keep it closed.
In order however to produce a double or even a triple effect, I place the key Ḥ
over the lever x. It follows that when the lever H is depressed, the lever a is
actuated, the plate S raised, and the note will be produced. As the ring D will
close the small plate S, the key H in its turn will produce the lower note without
raising the finger from the key. In conclusion therefore, the key H, when depressed
by the left little finger, will produce in a clarionet the doh and the me funda-
mental, with the harmonic relations and also the doht, the fab and the me, when
the key H is fitted with the mechanism of the double fah (see Fig. 1, letter K,
system Albert).
The same effect will also be produced by reversing the order, that is to say by
actuating with the key a of sob, the lower key H (see Fig. 2).
For the same purpose, I have shown a third form of the mechanism (see Fig. 3,
hautboy key of soh No. 6) for producing by the same key of soh, also different
lower notes. And as in a clarionet I have shown that the key of soh is con-
nected to the me, etc., in the hautboy I show that the key of soh 6, I prefer to
connect to the key or plate of the ra No. 4. (Fig. 3, key producing the double
effect of soh with the rat); whilst in the flute, the soh may be connected with
the doh or doh natural according to the wish of the players.
As I have described above in the several examples the mechanism of the key
of soh producing a double or triple effect, may vary; and as my invention consists
broadly in suitable means for producing two or three fundamental notes by
opening by the little finger of the left hand the key which produces the soh in
wind instruments such as the clarionet, saxophone, hautboy, English horn,
flute, etc., it will be readily understood that the mechanism and its form may be
further varied without departing from the nature of my invention.
Further, in the hautboy and English horn, I have by the key of lower se No. 1
(see Fig. 3) closed the plate which produces doh natural, thus obtaining the
lower se by the thumb only, without requiring to play the key of doh by the right
little finger. The application of the invention is very simple because the plate
of doh No. 2 actuated by the lever of se No. 1 at the point R will be closed
conjointly with the key of se.
Dated this 5th day of December 1892.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Wind Musical Instruments.
I, PUPO PUPESCHI, of Via Nationale 1, Florence, in the Kingdom of Italy,
Musician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
.the following statement:-
"
In all wind instruments, clarionet, hautboy, English horn, saxophone,
flute, etc., the key operated by the left little finger and which produces the soh,
has always given only a single fundamental note. With the object of diminishing
the number of keys and of obtaining with greater facility several connected or
slurred notes, I have thought of actuating by the said key another lower key or
keys. thereby producing two or three fundamental notes, and harmonic relations,
without removing the finger from such key. The following is a description of the
manner of applying the invention, reference being had to the drawings filed with
the Provisional Specification and also to the sheet of drawings filed herewith:-
The key giving the note soh (see Fig. 1) is formed of a small plate S. This
small plate is united to a ring D, or to one of the rings D, E, F, and being acted
upon by a very weak spring would remain open, but instead of this I cause it to
be acted upon by a lever a, and by means of a spring of greater power I keep it
closed.
In order however to produce a double or even a triple effect, I place the key Ḥ
over the lever x. It follows that when the lever H is depressed, the lever is
actuated, the plate S raised, and the note will be produced." As the ring D will
close the small plate S, the key H in its turn will produce the lower note without
raising the finger from the key. Therefore, the key H, when depressed by the
left little finger, will produce in a clarionet the doh and the me fundamental,
with the harmonic relations, and also the doh, the fah and the me, when the
key H is fitted with the mechanism of the double fah (see Fig. 1, letter K, system
'Albert).
The same effect will also be produced by reversing the order, that is to say by
actuating with the key a of soh, the lower key H (see Fig. 2).
For the same purpose, I have shown a third form of the mechanism (see Fig. 3,
hautboy key of the soh No. 6) for producing by the same key of soh, also
different lower notes; and as in a clarionet I have shown that the key of soh is
connected to the me, etc., in the hautboy I show that the key of soh No. 6, is
preferably connected to the key or plate of the ra No. 4 (Fig. 3) such key pro-
ducing the double effect of soh with the ra; whilst in the flute, the sob may
be connected with the dob or doh natural according to the wish of the players.
As I have shown in the several examples described above, the mechanism of
the key of soh producing a double or triple effect may vary; and as my invention
consists broadly in suitable means for producing two or three fundamental notes by
opening by the little finger of the left hand the key which produces the soh in
wind instruments such as the clarionet, saxophone, hautboy, English horn, flute, etc.,
it will be readily understood that the mechanism and its form may be further varied
without departing from the nature of my invention.
Further, in the hautboy and English horn, by operating the key of lower se
(No. 1-see Fig. 3) I close the plate which produces doh natural, thus obtaining
the lower se by the thumb only, without requiring to play the key of doh by the
right little finger. The application of the invention is very simple because the
plate of doh (No. 2) actuated by the lever of, se (No. 1) at the point R will be
closed conjointly with the key of s
SC.
I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to Figs. 4 and 5 of,
the drawings, which are made to an enlarged scale.

page_text: In all wind instruments such as clarionets, saxophones, oboes, flutes, etc., the
short key moved by the little finger of the left hand produces only one fundamental
note, usually called C or G on the clarionet, and G on the oboe and the flute.
In order to reduce the number of keys and to give greater facility in rapidly
C
slurring certain notes, the mechanism I employ allows the key of
(clarionet),

page_text: F
produce the notes and
B
C'
lower D In the flute the G
produce the C from the C
in the oboe the G key serving also to produce the
could, by means of the long key, be used also to
or other notes.
My invention can, naturally, be adapted to all instruments having in their con-
struction a similar key to that used in the clarionet under the name
oboe and the flute under the name G.
C
and in the
My invention may be adapted to the several types of the clarionet family, the
flute, the oboe, and the saxophone, etc.
When the instrument is made in two pieces A and B, I make the hole
C#
GE
corresponding to the note in the lower part B, as shown in Fig. 5, instead of in
the upper part A as hitherto constructed, and as shown in Fig. 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The application of the key of soh producing double or triple effects to all
wind instruments.
2. The application of the key of se to hautboys and English horns for producing
the effect of se natural by the left thumb only.
3. In combination in a wind instrument the plate S, the lever x arranged to
press said plate down but formed separate therefrom, the ring D under spring
tension connected to the plate S and arranged to lift the same when freed from the
action of the lever a, the spring for the lever a of greater strength than that for
the ring D, and the key H for operating the lever x, substantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of August 1893.
DDAa
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.