AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF FOLDING PERAMBULATOK
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Walter Cawley Wren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st July 1835.
1. JOHN WALTER CAWLEY WRES, of Tottenham Court Road, in the County
of Middlesex. Iron Bedstead Manufacturer. do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF FOLDING PERAMBULATOK '
10 be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of perambulator which admits
of being folded up into a small compass for transport. The main frame of
the carriage construct of iron, and mount upon wheels in a manner that will
permit of their easy removal. To this main frame 1 joint a back frame,
which is supported in position by struts which swing upon the axle of the
hind wheels. This back frame. when released from the struts, may be bent
forward and laid flat upon the main frame. The handle by which the carriage

page_text: is propelled is jointed to the back frame. and folds down upon it, but when
required to be in position it is held up by suitable binding screws. The
arins of the perambulator are also jointed to the back or hind frame, and
fold down upon it. Their forward ends are supported by what I term the fore
frame, which is jointed to the main frame, and folds back upon it. The seat
is composed of sacking, or other suitable strong fabric, and it is suspended
from bars, with which the fore and hind frames are provided; it will therefore
offer no impediment to the folding of the frames one over the other. The foot
board is also made to fold down upon the main frame. For the purpose of
facilitating the removal of the hind wheels, I secure each wheel to a short tube
or hollow axle in such a manner that the wheel will be free to move thereon,
and this hollow axle slip on the fixed axle, and secure it thereto by a
key the withdrawal, therefore, of the pin will permit of the wheel being
readily removed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patem, filed
by the said John Walter Cawley Wren in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, JOHN
WALTER CAWLEY WREN. of Tottenham Court Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Iron Bedstead Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria. by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five. in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors. give and grant unto me. the
said John Walter Cawley Wren. Her special license that 1, the said John
Walter Cawley Wren. my executors. administrators. and assigns, or such
others as I. the said John Walter Cawley Wren, my executors. adminis-
trators, and assigns. should at any time agree with, and no others. from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed. should
and lawfully might make, use. exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland. the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF FOLDING PERAMBULATOR," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I. the said John Walter Cawley Wren,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal. should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great

page_text: Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Leiters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I. the said John Walter Cawley Wren. do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention. and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement. reference being had to the Drawing hereunio annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention of "An Improved Construction of Folding Perambulator"
relates to a novel construction of perambulator, which admits of being folded
up into a small compass for transport.
Fig. in the accompanying Drawing is a side elevation of my improved
folding perambulator ready for use: Fig. 2 is a back view of the same; and
Fig. 3 is a side view of the perambulator. with the wheels removed therefrom,
and the carriage folded up ready for packing. The main frame of the carriage
is shown at a, a, and is constructed of iron, and mounted upon wheels b, b, in
Such a
manner as will admit of the said wheels being easily removed from
the carriage for the convenience of packing and stowage. To this main
frame a is jointed a back frame e. c. at the point 1. and the said back
frame is supported in position by means of struts d, d. which may either
swing upon the axle of the hind wheels, or be jointed to some convenient pari
of the main frame, as shewn in the Drawing at 2. This back frame e.. when
released from the struts d may be bent forward or over, and laid flat upon
the top of the main frame a, as indicated by the segmental red line a'. a'.
The handle e, by which the carriage is propelled from behind, is jointed to the
back frame at 3. and folds down upon it, as indicated by the segmental red
line b bni when the several parts are required to be held in position, as
when the carriage is in use. the parts are secured together by means of thumb
screws, as at 6. 6. 6. The horizontal arm rests /. /, of the perambulator are
also jointed to the back or hind frame cat 4, and fold down by the side of the
frame, as will be easily understood upon reference to the Drawing. The
forward ends of these arm rests are supported by what I term the fore fraine
g.. which is jointed at 5 to the main frame. and folds down upon it, as shewn
by the segmental red line c'. The seat and back h, h, is composed of sacking
or other strong fabric suitably padded or stuffed, and is suspended from
bars i, . which are secured to the fore and hind frames: the seat and back
with its stuffing or padding will therefore be no impediment to the folding of
the frames one over the other. The foot board j. is also jointed to the under
frame at 7, and is made to fold down upon the main frame, as indicated by the
segmental red line d. d. The two sides of the main frame a are brought

page_text: together at the fore part. so as to form a fork, to receive the front wheel 1.
which is secured thereon by a bolt and mut . so as to admit of its being easily
removed when required. For the purpose of facilitating the removal of the
hind wheels b. b. I secure each wheel to a short inbe or hollow axle, as shewn
in the detached view. Fig. 4. which represents a sectional view, drawn upon an
enlarged scale. of the axle box and mave of one of the wheels. The nave n
of the wheel is provided with a bush n. which is secured therein. and the inbe
or hollow axle m being passed through the nave of the wheel (the cap p being
removed for that purpose). the hollow axle and nave are secured together by
the nui q: the cap p is then replaced, and the wheel with its hollow axle slipped
on to the end of the fixed axle r. and secured there by means of a pin s. which
passes through the hollow axle m and the fixed axle r. and thereby holds these
two parts together. The wheel will then he free to move on the hollow axle.
and the withdrawal therefore of the key or pins will permit of the wheel being
readily removed from the fixed axle. when it is desired to fold up the carriage
either for stowage or transport to a distance.
Having now described my Invention of An Improved Construction of
Folding Perambulator." and the best means with which I am acquainted for
carrying the same into effect. I claim. in conclusion. the arrangement and
construction of parts herein shewn and described. whereby the several parts of
the carriage may be folded down one upon the other when required for the
convenience of stowage and transport.
Second. I claim the mode herein shewn and described. or any mere modifi-
cation thereof, of mounting the hind wheels on their axles so that they may he
easily detached or removed therefrom when required.
In witness whereof. I, the said John Walter Cawley Wren. have here-
unto set my hand and seal. the Twenty-first day of January. in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness.
J. W. MOFFATT.
66. Chancery Lane.
JOHN WALTER CAWLEY WREN. (.s.)