CERTAIN IMPROVELIENTS IN THE METHOD OF PREPARING MALLEABLE IRON FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING THE SAME INTO BAR, SHEETS AND SLIT RODS, AND MANUFACTURING THE SAME INTO HOOP IRON, AND THAT I HAVE INVENTED CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF PREPARING ALL OTHER MALLEABLE METALS, WHICH I CONCEIVE WILL BE OF GREAT PUBLIC UTILITY AND NATIONAL ADVANTAGE
Year: 1805

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN HARTOP,
of Brightside, in the Parish of Sheffield, in the County of York, Ironmaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said John Hartop, have, by my Petition, humbly
represented that I, after much study, labor, and expence, have invented
"CERTAIN IMPROVELIENTS IN THE METHOD OF PREPARING MALLEABLE IRON FOR THE
PURPOSE OF MAKING THE SAME INTO BAR, SHEETS AND SLIT RODS, AND MANUFACTURING
THE SAME INTO HOOP IRON, AND THAT I HAVE INVENTED CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF PREPARING ALL OTHER MALLEABLE METALS, WHICH I CONCEIVE WILL
BE OF GREAT PUBLIC UTILITY AND NATIONAL ADVANTAGE;" and whereas His most
Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by His Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the
Seventh day of November, in the forty-sixth year of His reign, give and
grant unto me, the said John Hartop, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
His special licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said John Hartop, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of
them, by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or deputies,
servants or agents, or such others as I, the said John Hartop, my executors,
alministrators, or assigns, shall at any time agree with, and no others, from

page_text: time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term of years therein
expressed, shall and lawfully may make, use, exercise, and vend my said In-
vention within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
in such manner as to me, the said John Hartop, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or any of them, shall in my or their directions scem meet, and
that I, the said John Hartop, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
shall and lawfully may have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity,
and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accruing, and arising by
reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years therein
mentioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers, privi-
leges and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted
unto me, the said John Hartop, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the
date of the said Letters Patent next and imminediately ensuing, and fully
to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and
provided; in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I,
the said John Hartop, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, anything
therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding,
as in and by the said Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, may
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Hartop, do hereby declare, that inasmuch as in the process of preparing
malleable metals for the purpose of making barrs, sheets, or rods, hamers and
rollers have been and are in use, sometimes singly, and often both in the same
work, and inasmuch as hamers compress and extend the particles of metals by
sudden impulses or strokes in a manner favorable to the consolidation of
the metal but unfavorable to the application of mechanical power, as all
communications of power by means of sudden impulses or strokes is a waste
of the original power, and inasmuch as rollers compress and extend the
particles of metals without sudden impulses or strokes, in a manner favorable
to the whole use of the original power but unfavorable to the consolidation
of the substance of the metals, my said Invention consists in producing a

page_text: motion (by the application of the powers of water, steam, or horses, or any
mechanical power) similar advantages with the motion of a forge hammer, but
as free from sudden impulses or strokes as rollers, and is hereby, and by
the Drawings at the top of these Presents (and intended to be inrolled
herewith), described and ascertained, and in what manner the same is to be
performed:-
Upon any axis (A), as in Figures 1st or 2d, apply a pin, cam, crank, or curve
or curves (C) as in Figures 1st, 2d, 3d, in such a manner that whatever
pressure is exerted upon the iron or other metal (M) in Figures 1st and 2d to
be compressed or extended, an equal pressure may be at the same moment or
moments of time received from the original power of water, steam, or horses, or
other mechanical power, or reservoir of such powers, upon the part or member
of the machine (L) in Figures 1st or 2d, which is immediately cousolidating
and extending the iron or other metal (M) in Figures 1st or 2d, so required to
be consolidated and extended. And for the more conveniently applying this
my principle, my Invention further extends to the connecting the part (P)
in Figures 1st or 2d of the machine against which the iron or other metal
(M), is pressed to the opposite side of the axis (A), Figures 1st or 2d, to that
which communicates the pressure, whereby the pressure on opposite sides of
the axis becomes equal, or nearly so, and the application of the Invention to
any axis becomes cheap and convenient.
The above principles of my Invention are capable of various modes, and
applicable to various intentions. For instance, when much extension is
required as well as consolidation of the iron or other metals (the use of
rollers being by far the most advantageous method for extention), my
Invention for the compression and extention of such iron or other metals is
easily applicable to any axis of a roller (a), Figure 4th, so that, after having
performed the operation of compression, the extension may with little loss
of time be completed by the rollers, and after that may be divided into rods
in the usual manner of dividing iron or steel. by the use of cutters.
And as hoop iron is one of the ultimate objects of consolidating and
extending the particles of that metal, the last part of my Invention
consists in having rollers (H), Figure 6th, disposed immediately after the
cutters (G), Figure 5th, so that the rods may be received from the cutters,
and rolled into hoops, without the loss of much time or temperature, or
having occasion for a further heating of the metal.
That the whole of the machinery required for carrying my Invention into
effect may be made of wrought or cast iron or any other metal, or partly of
one and partly of the other, as deemed most proper.

page_text: And this I declare to be the Specification of my said Invention, in pursuance
the proviso contained in the said Patent.
In witness whereof, J, the said John Hartop, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twenty-second day of November, in tlie forty-sixth
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the s
grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
King, Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and five.
a Master Extr³, &c.
Stamped, in the presence or
ADAMSON PARKER.
THO' SMITH.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-second day of
November, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Hartop came
before our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifica-
tion aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.