Improvements in or in the Manufacture of Spinning-machine Rollers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 12th Jan., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in the Manufacture of Spinning-machine
Rollers.
I, RICHARD TEMMEL of 18 Bernburgerstrasse Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
The top rollers hitherto employed in spinning mills and on which falls the duty
of drawing out in an even manner the fibrous materials, are made of wood or iron
coated with leather, which fixed on an axis and running in bearings effect the above
operation.
Various drawbacks hereinafter explained accompany this method, which drawbacks
render a perfecting of this device extremely desirable.
The main condition is a periphery of as far as possible an even elasticity which
is only very rarely attained when the wood or iron rollers are coated with leather,
and in their construction the point where the leather covering is joined always
forms a hard point which affects the working.
As the epidermis is the only part of the leather applicable for this purpose, it is
evident that the material passing with a not inconsiderable pressure between the
rollers, in a very short time forms a groove or channel in the leather which is then
rendered useless, so that a roller of this kind constructed at considerable labour and
expense only lasts a short time when in use. The roller must then be removed
from the machine to receive an entirely new leather covering. The number of
rollers used in a medium sized spinning mill is very considerable, and owing to the
above named drawbacks a sufficiently large reserve stock must be kept, which
further necessitates a large expenditure in raw materials, more particularly of
leather.
In order to avoid the drawbacks which have been only partially enumerated in
the foregoing, and to save the enormous wasteful expenditure which deleteriously
hinders the production of spinning mills, the arrangement of an improved drawing
out and spinning roller which forms the object of this invention has been designed.
These improved rollers which are mounted on metal spindles or axles are made
either entirely of sheets of cork, or of pieces of cork which are put together and
connected in any suitable manner, or they are made of cork particles combined with
a suitable binding material and compressed to form a homogeneous firm and yet
elastic body of suitable shape and size. For this purpose the large or small pieces
or the finely subdivided particles of cork (as desired) are bound together by means
of any glutinous substance containing fat, such as varnish or the like, or glycerine
and lime and formed by pressure or any suitable mechanical means into the desired
shape and size.
The method of making the improved drawing out and spinning rollers depends
entirely on the various requirements.
1. For instance these cylinders may be made of a single piece of corkwood or
cork, by cutting the necessary piece of cork into a cylinder, turning it down and
smoothing it;
2. Or, evenly cut small pieces of cork which fit exactly together may be stuck
together by means of a suitable adhesive substance and compressed to form a
sheet and then after drying, the cylinders may be cut out, turned down, and
smoothed;
3. Finally, entirely disintegrated particles of cork may be mixed with suitable

page_text: adhesive substances, and the paste or the like resulting therefrom be placed in a
mould and pressed and dried.
The method of treatment last described has the advantage that no further
treatment is necessary to form a completely compressed and dried cylinder or
roller.
.
The adhesive substances which are preferably employed for binding together the
particles or pieces of cork (which are placed together or compressed in moulds)
are selected according to the purposes for which the drawing out and spinning
rollers are to be employed, that is to say, whether the rollers are to be hard
or soft.
The adhesive substances must be selected accordingly. The following substances
may be employed with great advantage for the various requirements, namely,
molasses, linseed-oil varnish, dissolved indiarubber (indiarubber dissolved in benzine,
turpentine or the like) dissolved celluloid, asphalt or linseed oil, or resins, such for
instance as shellac, colophony and the like.
The following is the effect produced by the use of such substances.-
If molasses be used the rollers will be hard
If linseed oil varnish
If dissolved indiarubber
If celluloid
If asphalt
If linseed oil
If shellac
If colophony
If glue
soft
soft
medium
hard
soft
hard
hard
hard.
The choice of the above or other suitable binding material always depends on the
use to which the rollers are to be put, and also on the price or facility of procuring
the binding material.
The following are the advantages of the improved arrangement-
From this homogeneous material, a faultlessly level surface is obtained on the
cylinders or rollers and it opposes a considerably greater resistance to the material
and yarn threads passing under them than leather, because it is more elastic than
the latter. It therefore takes much longer for the material and yarn threads
passing under to form a groove or channel on the surface of the improved drawing
out and spinning rollers, further when the improved drawing out rollers are used on a
gill boxes and on combs they do away with the leather belt which at present runs
between the fluted rollers. The duration or life of these improved drawing out and
spinning rollers before wearing out, as compared with the old ones made with wood
or iron is very considerable as they can be turned down close to the boss and still
do their work properly and a further and important advantage is that they require
a greatly reduced pressure (by the screw) on them in order to effect a perfect
draughting or drawing out of the material passing under them, thus effecting a
considerable saving of motive power to drive, over the rollers hitherto in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
The manufacture of drawing out and spinning rollers of cork, pieces of cork fitted
together, or finely subdivided cork particles, the latter being treated by means of a
suitable binding material and formed by pressure or other suitable mechanical means
into a cylinder or roller of suitable form, substantially as described.
Dated this 17th day of April 1894.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.