IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS AND OTHER ARTICLES AND MATERIALS."
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Chippindale, of Harrogate, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE KILNS FOR BURNING
BRICKS AND OTHER ARTICLES AND MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Chippindale at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th November 1879.
"IMPROVEMENTS
WILLIAM CHIPPINDALE, of Harrogate, in the County of York.
IN PORTABLE KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS AND OTHER ARTICLES AND MATERIALS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in kilns for burning bricks and
other articles and materials.
In constructing a kiln I combine together a number of kiln bodies to work
together on the continuous principle, or so that the heat passing off from one
kiln body is applied to heat and dry green bricks or other articles or materials
in other kiln bodies, which are coupled with that in which the burning is in
progress. Each of my kiln bodies is mounted on wheels; it resembles a large
railway waggon and it is moveable along lines of railway. These kiln bodies are
composed besides of an iron casing lined with fire brick, and suitable doors are
provided for charging and discharging the kiln bodies. In some cases it is con-
venient to place the door in the bottom of the kiln body. There are also small
openings in the upper part of each kiln body by which small coal or other fuel for
firing is fed in. These kiln bodies are for the burning operation coupled into a
train, and as each kiln body is set or charged with green bricks or other articles or
material to be burnt, it is brought to the end of the train, and flue connections are
made at one end with the train or kiln in which the firing is in progress and at
the other end with a chimney, so that the heated products of combustion are made
to pass through this kiln body containing the green goods in their passage to the
chimney by which they pass away. By the time that these green bricks or other
articles or materials are thoroughly dry, another kiln body charged with green
goods is brought to the kiln. To make room for it the train composing the kiln is
moved for a sufficient distance along the line of railway, and then the newly
arrived kiln body is coupled by flues with the train and with the chimney, as
already described.

page_text: When in this way the green bricks, articles, or materials are sufficiently heated
and prepared. the burning is commenced by introducing fuel by the openings at the
top of the kiln body, and this is continued until the whole contents of the kiln
body is properly fired.
The kiln body in which the burning is complete, and in which the goods are
already partly cooled, is detached from the train at the further end, and it is run
away to a convenient place for unloading. Or in some cases it is convenient to
detach the kiln body containing the fired goods still in a highly heated state, and
to convey it away and couple it with a kiln body loaded with green goods. Then
by means of a connection with a chimney, or otherwise, a current of air is drawn
through these kiln bodies so as to effect the double object of cooling the heated
goods and of drying the green goods by means of the heated air so obtained.
The connecting flues of the firing train or kiln may either be carried upon the
kiln bodies, or the kiln bodies may be brought alongside of stationary connecting
flues suitably built in brick, and with which their connections are made after each
move.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Chippindalo in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th May
1880.
WILLIAM CHIPPINDALE, of Harrogate, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN PORTABLE KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS AND OTHER ARTICLES AND MATERIALS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in kilus for burning bricks and
other articles and materials.
In constructing a kiln I combine together a number of kiln bodies to work
together on the continuous principle, or so that the heat passing off from one kiln
body is applied to heat and dry green bricks or other articles or materials in other
kiln bodies, which are coupled with that in which the burning is in progress.
Each of my kiln bodies is mounted on wheels; it resembles a large railway waggon,
and it is moveable along lines of railway. These kiln bodies are composed besides
of an iron casing lined with fire brick, and suitable doors are provided for charging
and discharging the kiln bodies. In some cases it is convenient to place the door
in the bottom of the kiln body. There are also small openings in the upper part of
each kiln body by which small coal or other fuel for ɓring is fed in. These kiln bodies
are for the burning operation coupled into a train, and as each kiln body is set or
charged with green bricks or other articles or material to be burnt, it is brought to the
end of the train, and flue connections are made at one end with the train or kiln in
which the firing is in progress, and at the other end with a chimnoy, so that the
heated products of combustion are made to pass through this kilu body containing
the green goods in their passage to the chimney by which they pass away. By the
time that these green bricks or other articles or materials are thoroughly dry,
another kiln body charged with green goods is brought to the kiln. To make room
for it the train composing the kiln is moved for a sufficient distance along the line
of railway, and then the newly arrived kiln body is coupled by flues with the train
and with the chimney, as already described.
When in this way the green bricks, articles, or materials are sufficiently heated
and prepared, the burning is commenced by introducing fuel by the openings at the
top of the kiln body, and this is continued until the whole contents of the kiln
body is properly fired.
The kiln body in which the burning is complete, and in which the goods are
already partly cooled, is detached from the train at the further end, and it is run
away to a convenient place for unloading. Or in some cases it is convenient to
detach the kiln body containing the fired goods still in a highly heated state, und
to convey it away and couple it with a kiln body loaded with green goods. Then
by means of a connection with a chimney, or otherwise, a current of air is drawn
through these kiln bodies so as to effect the double object of cooling the heated
goods and of drying the green goods by means of the heated air so obtained. The
connecting flues of the firing train or kiln may either be carried upon the kiln
bodies, or the kiln bodies may be brought along side of stationary connecting flues
suitably built in brick, and with which these connections are made after each
move.
Convenient dimensions for the kiln body will be found to be about 14 feet long
by 6 feet high and 8 feet wide internal measurement. A kiln body of these
dimensions will weigh about 10 tons, which is not too great a weight to be readily
moveable along a line of railway by means of suitable appliances. The kiln body
is constructed upon an iron base frame and within an iron casing; it is of a muffle
like form, being arched over at the top, and it is built of fire bricks. I arrange the
inlet and the outlet flues by preference at the ends of the flue bodies, and when the

page_text: flue bodies are coupled up in to a train for burning the flue ends butt together, and
by a little luting are readily rendered gas tight.
The chimney by which the draft is obtained is built along side of the line of
railway upon which the kiln train is made up for burning. The kiln body from
which the products of combustion are required to pass direct to the chimney is
coupled up with the chimney by means of a portable length of flue pipe suitably
lined and luted. The arrangement of the kiln bodies in the train I prefer to be as
follows: First comes one or more kiln bodies filled with goods ready to be burnt,
next is the body or bodies in which are goods undergoing a preliminary drying and
heating before burning; it is from this body, or if there be more than one from the
first of these bodies, that the products of combustion from the burning are led off
to the chimney. Next comes a body or bodies in which the goods are being burnt
by means of small coal supplied through the holes in the top of the kiln body.
The arrangement of these fuel holes and the method of conducting the burning by
means of them is the same as in stationary kilns in which small fuel is supplied
from the top. Lastly, in the burning train come the kiln bodies in which the
goods are cooling, and from which they are being unloaded.
It is at this the rear end of the burning train where the kiln bodies are open for
unloading that air enters to supply combustion, and this air as it passes forward
cools the goods already burnt, and it then enters in a highly heated state into the
kiln body in which the burning is in actual progress. Afterwards the highly
heated air and products of combustion pass on through the kiln bodies in which
are the goods which are being heated and prepared for burning, as already
explained, and so to the chimney.
In place of thus conducting the whole of the operations in a single kiln train, I in
some cases remove the kiln bodies after burning, and whilst the goods within them
are still in a highly heated state, and I couple them up with other kiln bodies
containing green goods which have just been stacked in the kiln bodies. I form a
connection between these newly stacked kiln bodies and the chimney, so that a
draft of air is caused to pass through the heated kiln body, and this air having
thus become heated I cause to pass amongst the unburnt goods, so as to dry and
heat them and prepare them for burning. The kiln body containing the goods
thus dried and heated is then taken to the head of the burning train, and there
coupled up with the other kiln bodies and with the chimney, as already described.
In making these arrangements it is necessary or desirable that the drying and
heating of the green goods should be performed gradually.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The construction of kilns for burning bricks and other articles and
materials of a number of separate portable kiln bodies which are coupled together
into a train for burning, so that the burning shall be conducted on the continuous
principle, as above described.
Second. The construction of kilns for burning bricks and other articles and
materials, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Chippindale, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
WILLIAM CHIPPINDALE. (L.S.)