AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE WORKING OF MARBLE AND OTHER STONE AND APPLIANCES RELATING THERETO
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Murray Morgan of Saint James' Street in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS
FOR THE WORKING OF MARBLE AND OTHER STONE AND APPLIANCES RELATING
THERETO
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Murray Morgan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December 1883.
GEORGE MURRAY MORGAN, of St James' Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE WORKING OF MARBLE AND OTHER
STONE AND APPLIANCES RELATING THERETO
"
Whereas it is the present practice in the stone and marble working trades to
carve out the mouldings by hand with hammer and chisel. I carry out the same
class of work mechanically where it is rectilinear, by my improved process
and tools.
I fix the marble to be worked, upon a travelling table, which traverses backwards
and forwards under a tool rest. This traverse of the work under a fixed tool is
utilized to cut the mouldings to any required shape.
In this tool rest I fit two or more steel tools constructed so as to be very rigid,
and with a cutting edge at a somewhat more acute angle than that generally used
for cutting cast iron.
A right handed tool and a left handed tool, supported by a forked holder, would
be used for double mouldings, both sides being thus cut simultaneously. Roughing
tools would first be used, and then a finishing tool, ground out to the shape of the
moulding, would be used to afford a good finish.
I may employ a succession of tools upon a series of adjustable tool holders, so
that the several and successive cuts may be made by the various tools, all at the
same traverse.
In order to avoid chipping at the end of the piece of marble or stone, I form a
cast iron open three-sided box, with its end shaped to the form of the moulding to
be produced, in which the end of the marble moulding is bedded, so that the marble
or stone is so supported that it is not likely to chip.
To fit the moulded portions together, as in the case of a fender, I may mount a
circular saw in a sliding frame over the bed of the same machine, so that the saw
frame can be set to the desired angle with the work, and the ends be trimmed by
traversing the saw (which at the same time is rotated at a suitable speed) over the
work, as it lies fixed upon the bed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Murray Morgan in the Patent Office on the 20th June
1884.
GEORGE MURRAY MORGAN, of St James Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE WORKING OF MARBLE AND OTHER
STONE, AND APPLIANCES RELATING THERETO
دو
Whereas it is the present practice in the stone and marble working trades to
carve out the mouldings by hand with hammer and chisel, I carry out the same
class of work by my improved process and tools.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same, reference being had to the drawings hereto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an end elevation of a planing machine upon which I carry out my
process.
Figure 2 is a front view of the tool box and the form of improved tool fixed
thereon for roughing out.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 4 is a front and side elevation of the finishing tool.
Figure 5 is a side and end elevation of a moulding tool for cutting one face only.
Figure 6 is an end and side elevation of the cast iron box for holding the marble
or stone.
I fix, by wedges, by cement, or by a box, the marble to be worked A, Figure 1,
upon a travelling table B, hereinafter more fully described, which traverses back-
wards and forwards by the known reversing gear of an iron planing machine, as
effected by a double strap and three pulleys C C C-This traversing movement in
an iron planing machine is automatic, so that on the termination of any forward
and backward travel of the table B, the strap is automatically shifted from one
pulley to another, and the motion of the table reversed-Over this traversing table
are fixed vertical side frames D D carrying the traversing tool-box-slide E upon
which one or more tool-boxes F rest and which are capable of transverse adjustment
to any required position by means of the leading screw G.
A tool-rest H, upon this tool-box F, is fitted with the usual vertical movement
produced by the vertical leading screw K, and in this tool-rest I fit my multiple
roughing tool as at Figure 2 and 3, or my finishing tools as shown in Figures
and 5, by means of holding down clamps and nuts.
The traversing table under the fixed tool-rest carrying my improved cutting
tools is utilized to cut the moulding upon the surface of the marble or stone A to
any required shape, and it is evident that if several tool boxes are fitted upon the
transverse tool-box-slide E several different pieces of marble or stone may be cut
and moulded simultaneously.
To effect the roughing out of the marble or stone, I use by preference a multiple
series of tools L, Figure 2, ground to diamond or angular points, as I find from the
brittle nature of the material that such a pointed tool can effect the removal of the
rough material with the least possible amount of cutting labour, and consequently
most expeditiously-It is of importance also that the tools so used should be of
considerable length, and with their cutting edges kept comparatively close to the
tool rest, in order to render them very rigid, and they are ground with a cutting
edge at a somewhat more acute angle than that generally used for cutting
cast iron.
The points of the multiple roughing tool are set out approximately to correspond
with the form of the finished moulding and they are fed down to the marble or

page_text: stone as the work proceeds by the ordinary self acting feed, as employed in iron
planing machines, or by hand as may be desired.
To complete the surface of the moulding, to afford a good finish, I employ a
finishing tool, such as that shown in Figure 4, the point of the tool being ground
to a form corresponding with that of the required moulding, or a right and left
handed tool for each half moulding may alternatively be adopted, such as that
shown in Figure 5.
In order to avoid chipping at the end of the piece of marble or stone, I form a
cast iron open three sided box with its end M shaped to the form of the moulding
to be produced-One end M¹ is adjustable upon the end of the box, so that when
the piece of marble is embedded in the said box, the moveable end can be brought
close up to the end of the marble or stone moulding, and securely bolted there in
position-The strip of marble or stone moulding is thus supported at its ends by
the ends of the cast iron box, and is consequently prevented from chipping.
To fit the moulded portions together, as in the case of a fender, I may mount a
circular saw in a sliding frame over the bed of the said machine, so that the saw
frame can be set to the desired angle with the work and the ends be trimmed by
traversing the saw (which at the same time is rotated at a suitable speed) over the
work as it lies upon the bed.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, be it known that what I claim is :-
1st The improved process for the working of marble and other stone by the use
of multiple roughing and finishing tools upon a reciprocating plane bed, substantially
as described.
2nd The combination with a reciprocating planing machine of a multiple roughing
tool and finishing tool, Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, for the production of stone or marble
mouldings, substantially as described.
8 In a reciprocating planing machine, fitted with multiple roughing and
finishing tools, Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 the combination therewith of a metal holding
box to prevent the chipping of marble or other stone mouldings whilst being
worked in the said machine, substantially as described.
In witness whereof I, the said George Murray Morgan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal this nineteenth day of June in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-four
Witness
JOHN. C. FELL
Patent Agent
23 Rood Lane. E.C.
GEORGE, M. MUNGAN (1.5.)