IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF WATERPROOF BAGS, CASES, AND ENVELOPES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical
Draughtsman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF WATERPROOF BAGS, CASES, AND ENVELOPES." -A communi-
cation from abroad by Leonard F. Requa, of the City and State of
New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 30th November 1875, and dated the 5th June 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 5th June 1875.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF WATERPROOF BAGS, CASES, AND ENVELOPES," to be as follows: :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of bags, cases, or envelopes
from textile fabrics coated with india-rubber compounds, the object

page_text: being to secure the lapped edges of the bags or envelopes by the coated
surface, and thereby to make the coating the element for uniting the
parts without further labour, time, and expense.
The coated waterproof material, whether canvas, cloth, or paper,
having been prepared of a given breadth suitable for forming a given
size of bag is cut up into lengths corresponding to the depth of bag
intended to be made. From the bottom edge of such pieces a strip is
cut off of a length corresponding to the width of the bag, and equal in
breadth to the width intended for the bottom lap, the piece is then
folded over to form the sides of the bag, and the edge of the overlapped
side is folded over the edge of the overlapping portion; the bottom strip
is then turned up and the folding of the bag is completed.
It will be understood that the uncoated surface of the lapped portions
joins the coated surface, and to secure the connection of the parts it is
only necessary to roll the lapped portions with a cold roller, the coating
being sufficiently plastic to cause the contact surfaces to adhere; bags
thus prepared are then put into a suitable box one upon the other and
placed in a steam chamber, where they are submitted to the curing or
vulcanizing action of steam under pressure.
In order to deodorize the bags or envelopes formed as above explained,
and render them suitable for receiving articles which would be liable to
become impregnated with the odour of the composition coating, leaf mint
is placed among and between the bags in the curing chamber, so that the
heat from the moist steam seizes upon the mint leaves, and impregnating
them produces an evaporation from the leaves which permeates the bags
or envelopes and changes the odour of the gum, giving an agreeable and
pleasant smell. This effect is enhanced by the employment in con-
nection with the mint leaves of copperas, which disinfects the curing
compartment and allows the aroma from the mint to take the place of
the odour of the gum.
The fabric used for forming the bags, cases, or envelopes, may be
coated on one or both surfaces, and with any suitable india-rubber
compound, but that which it is preferred to use is the compound which
constitutes the subject of an application for a Patent of even date with
this application, the novelty of which consists mainly in the introduction.

page_text: of lampblack into the plastic material composed of dissolved india-
rubber, whiting, or chalk, oxide of zinc, asphaltum, and pulverized
sulphur.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 4th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence
that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF BAGS, CASES, AND ENVELOPES," being a
communication to me from abroad by Leonard F. Requa, of the City
and State of New York, United States of America, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: こ
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say) :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of bags, cases, or envelopes
from textile fabrics and paper coated with india-rubber compounds, the
object being to secure the lapped edges of the bags or envelopes by the
coated surface, and thereby to make the coating the element for uniting
the parts without further labour, time, and expense.
As an illustration of the mode of carrying out this Invention I will
explain the manner of manufacturing waterproof bags.
The coated waterproof material, whether canvas, cloth, or paper,
having been prepared of a given breadth suitable for forming a given
size of bag is cut up into pieces corresponding in length to the depth of
bag intended to be made. From the bottom edge of such pieces a strip
is cut off of a length corresponding to the width of the bag, and equal
in breadth to the width intended for the bottom lap; the piece is then
folded over to form the sides of the bag, and the edge of the overlapped
side is folded over the edge of the overlapping portion; the bottom strip
is then turned up and the folding of the. bag is completed.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shows the bag pattern; and
Fig. 2 shows the pattern folded with its coated edges lapped in the way
the seams are made.
The piece of coated fabric, Fig. 1, has cut from its bottom edge, as
at A, a strip of a length corresponding to the width of the bag to be
made, and equal in breadth to the width intended for the bottom lap;
the pattern is then folded at the dotted line B to form the sides of the
bag, and the edge C of the overlapped side is folded over the edge of
the overlapping portion of the pattern; the bottom strip D is then
turned up and the folding of the bag is completed.
In manufacturing cases or envelopes according to this Invention, the
blanks will be cut out from an india-rubber coated fabric in the usual
or any approved form, and the folded over or lapped portions will be
brought together in the usual manner.

page_text: It will be understood that one side of the uncoated surface of the
lapped portions joins the coated surface when the fabric is only coated
on one side.
To secure the seams the laps are pressed down by a cold roller, the
coating being sufficiently tacky to ensure a firm adhesion; it is preferred
to use for this purpose a hand iron of two rollers weighing about thirty
pounds, which can be readily passed over the seams by an operator; the
bags thus prepared are then put into a suitable box one upon the other
and placed in a steam chamber, where they are submitted to the curing
or vulcanizing action of steam under pressure of, say thirty pounds to
the square inch; in this chamber they remain for about two hours, after
which they are removed, separated, and cooled.
V
It is important in connection with vulcanizing the coated bags also to
deodorize them so that they can be used for any purpose desired, and
especially for sugar packages or such other articles as would be liable to
become impregnated with the odour of the composition coating.
In order to deodorize the bags or envelopes formed as above explained,
leaf mint is placed among and between the bags in the curing
chamber, so that the heat from the moist steam seizes upon the mint
leaves and impregnating them produces an evaporation from the leaves
which permeates the bags or envelopes and changes the odour of the
gum, giving an agreeable and pleasant smell to the bags. This effect
is enhanced by the employment in connection with the mint leaves of
copperas, which disinfects the curing compartment and allows the aroma
from the mint to take the place of the odour of the gum.
The fabric used for forming the bags, cases, or envelopes, may be
coated on one or both surfaces, and with any suitable india-rubber
compound, but that which it is preferred to use is the compound which
constitutes the subject of an application for a Patent of even date with
this application, the novelty of which consists mainly in the introduction
of lampblack into the plastic material composed of dissolved india-rubber,
whiting, or chalk, oxide of zinc, asphaltum, and pulverized sulphur.
Having now set forth the nature of this Invention of "Improvements
in the Manufacture of Waterproof Bags, Cases, and Envelopes," as com-
municated to me by my foreign correspondent, and explained the manner

page_text: india-rubber coated bags, cases, and envelopes, in the manner abové
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Fourth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.