Improvements in Kiers and similar Vessels in which Liquids are Heated or Boiled.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1892-Accepted, 14th May, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kiers and similar Vessels in which Liquids are
Heated or Boiled.
I, JOHN BRENNAND Junior, of the Pilsworth Bleach Works, Bury, in the
County of Lancaster, Bleacher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
:
This invention relates to kiers and other similar vessels in which liquids are
required to be heated or boiled, and its object is to enable the temperature of the
contents of the vessel to be raised to the desired temperature in a short time with a
smaller expenditure for fuel than is at present generally required.
For the purpose of my invention I employ at the bottom of the vessel, a coil or
coils of steam pipe for communicating heat to the liquid. This coiled steam pipe
is enclosed within a cage or perforated casing, and is preferably limited to the
central area of the bottom of the vessel, and above it there is arranged a vertical
circulating pipe, which may be parallel and resemble the vertical "puffer" pipe at
present in use in some steam heated kiers, or which may have its lower end flared
or trumpet shaped with the larger diameter next to the coil of steam pipe. At a
short distance above the upper end of the circulating pipe, a baffle plate is arranged,
which may be dished or domed with its concavity towards the pipe, so as better to
deflect the ascending liquid into the vessel.
If however the kier or vessel is closed
or has a suitable cover, the baffle plate may be omitted.
I will more particularly describe my said invention with reference to the accom-
panying drawings in which-
Figure 1 represents a vertical section through a kier having these improvements
applied thereto; and
Figure 2 a partial sectional plan.
In these figures A is the kier; B the steam coil; C the vertical circulating
pipe; D the baffle plate; E the steam inlet; F the steam outlet; and G the cage
or perforated casing.
The steam coil may be in one or in two or more layers, and it may be in the
form of flat spirals or of helices, the flat spiral form being the one I prefer to adopt.
It is preferably constructed of copper pipe of about one and a half inches diameter,
with a total length which will in each case be determined by the dimensions of the
vessel and the temperature required, as well as the steam pressure available. For
example, in a nine feet kier, with a steam pressure of about ninety pounds to the
square inch, there may be two layers of coil as indicated, the diameter of the
outside of the coils being about thirty inches. In such a case, with the kier about
half full, the boiling point may be reached in from two to three minutes.
The vertical circulating pipe may be, as herein before described, of similar
dimensions with those of the puffer pipe at present in use in kiers, that is to say,
for a kier having the dimensions given, this pipe may be six inches in the bore, and
the lower end may be flared or trumpet shaped, so that in that case the pipe would
resemble an inverted long stemmed funnel.
The steam coil B is surrounded enclosed or covered by a cage or perforated
casing such as G, which will permit the free circulation of the fluid whilst
preventing the contact of the fabrics or other articles therein with the steam coil,
and their access to the entrance to the vertical puffer pipe.
If
If the kier or other vessel be an open one, the circular baffle plate D may have
about the relative form and dimensions indicated by its section in Figure 1.
however the top of the vessel be suitably closed, the baffle plate Ď
omitted.
may he

page_text: The steam inlet to the coil may be through a pipe E, passing downwards through
the centre of the vertical puffer pipe C, in which case the outlet from the coil
should pass through the bottom of the vessel, but I prefer the arrangement
indicated by Figure 1, because of the increased heating area thus provided, and
because the pipe E conveying the hot incoming steam passes through the ascending
water which has already been heated by the coil.
The steam issuing from the coil through F, together with the water of con-
deusation, are preferred to be returned to the steam generator, by an injector or
otherwise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In a kier or similar vessel, the combination and arrangement with a steam
heating coil or coils, of a cage or perforated casing, substantially as and for
the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a kier or similar vessel, the combination and arrangement with a steam
heating coil or coils, of a cage or perforated casing and a vertical circulating pipe,
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
3. In a kier or similar vessel, means for heating and circulating the liquid
contained therein, constructed arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 31st day of March A.D. 1892.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.