Improvements in Atmospherio Heaters.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1893-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Atmospherio Heaters.
I, EVAN ALFRED EDWARDS, of 69 Dearborn Street, Chicago, in the County
of Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to Improvements in Atmospheric Heaters and is especially
designed for use in connection with stand, hand, and other lamps for utilizing the
heat developed thereby without in any manner interfering with the ordinary uses
thereof, or impairing, lessening or otherwise affecting the diffusion of light thereby.
My heater is equally well adapted for use in connection with gas burners or any
other source of light and heat or for heat alone, as will hereinafter appear.
The prime object of my invention is to heat the maximum volume of air from a
given quantity of heat, although in a more limited sense my invention has also for
its object the utilization of the heat developed by a flame primarily employed for
illuminating purposes.
Another object is to provide a portable heater capable of use in connection with
an ordinary lamp or other light source of heat, for utilizing the heat produced
thereby to heat a materially larger volume of air than would ordinarily be heated
by the lamp, and by simply placing the lamp and heater in proper juxtaposition
without any connection there between or any modification or change in the
construction or ordinary uses of the lamp.
A further object is to provide a heater capable of ready conversion from an
atmospheric or radiating heater to a direct heater for culinary purposes, and in
either case utilizing the heat resulting from the use of the lamp or other source of
heat as an illuminator, and this too, without modifying the construction or ordinary
uses of the lamp.
These and other objects hereinafter set forth are accomplished by the devices
illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the preferred form of heater embodying
my invention.
.
Figure 2 is a plan view thereof.
Figure 3 is an horizontal section on the line 3-3 of Figure 4.
Figure 4 is a central vertical section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a side elevation of a modification of my invention.
Figure 6 is a plan view thereof.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section on the line 7-7 of Figure 8; and
Figure 8 is a central vertical section on the line 8-8 of Figure 7.
Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawing.
In Figures 1 to 4 I have shown a beater specially designed for use in connection
with what are known as "stand lamps" of which the lamp known to the trade as
the "Pittsburgh lamp" is a type, while in Figures 5 to 8 I have shown a heater
more especially adapted for use in connection with any of the many forms of
"hand "lamps now in common use, the principal difference between the heaters
and lamps of the two classes shown, being the size and the illuminating and
consequently the heating capacity thereof.
A indicates the chamber for the products of combustion; B the main heating
chamber; and C the auxiliary heating chamber of my heater which, while shown a
Between the
cylindrical, may obviously have any other desired configuration.

page_text: A
chamber for the products of combustion and the main heating chambers, there is
an imperforate wall D, or a wall provided with a central opening normally closed
by a removable plate or. a cover E, for the purpose hereinafter described, while the
main and auxiliary heating chambers are separated by a wall F having a central
perforation G therein affording open communication between the two chambers.
The auxiliary heating chamber has an imperforate cover H, or one provided
with a central opening normally closed by a removable cap I for the purpose
hereinafter described. The lower wall J of the chamber for the products of
combustion is also imperforate except for a central opening K of sufficient size to
readily admit to said chamber the products of combustion from the lamp or other
source of heat, which products escape from the chamber through the perforations
or openings L in the side walls of the heater, without entering the other
chambers..
In Figures 1 to 4, the heater is shown as supported upon the hollow legs M
which extend through the chamber A and open at their inner ends into the main
heating chamber B, thus forming ducts or passages for conducting the air from
near the floor or from a point comparatively remote from the heater directly into
the heating chamber, from whence it passes through the opening G into the
auxiliary heating chamber C escaping therefrom through the perforations N in the
side walls of the heater without coming into direct contact with the heated air and
products of combust: on from the lamp, and yet, in its passage through the heater,
being raised to a temperature nearly equal to that of such products.
It will be readily understood that the upper ends of the legs or air ducts
passing through the chamber A become heated to a very high degree, which
causes an enforced circulation of air therethrough, the heated air being forced by
the cooler air in the lower end of the leg to rise into the main heating chamber
where it is subjected to a still greater heat, the lower wall of this chamber
'directly opposing and deflecting the products of combustion from the lamps, so
that the heated air continues to rise and passes out of the heater at the side near
the top thereof, as before described.
The volume of heated air is further augmented by the tubes O, which pass
entirely through all the chambers of the heater and preferably terminate at the
upper and lower sides of the heater in close proximity thereto, thus forming direct
and open passages for the air, in the immediate vicinity of the heater, which will
be caused to freely and rapidly circulate through the tubes by reason of the
relatively high temperature thereof.
In practice I prefer to employ three legs for the heater thus affording the
maximum space for the lamp which is set immediately under the heater between
the legs as illustrated in Figure 1, with the end of the chimney in close proximity
to the opening K in the lower wall J of the chamber A, so that the heated air and
products of combustion rising from the chimney will carry with them into the
said chamber a relatively large volume of air which not only increases the heating
capacity of the device as a whole but also prevents or overcomes any tendency
to smoking and destroys the unpleasant odour which might otherwise arise
therefrom.
When it is desired to utilize the heater for culinary purposes, it is only necessary
to remove the plate and cap E and I, Figure 4, when the heat from the lamp will
strike directly against the bottom of any vessel placed upon the heater, the
products of combustion escaping either around the vessel or through the
perforations N in the side walls of the auxiliary heating chamber. I am thus
enabled to readily convert the heater from an atmospheric heater into a stove and
for either use, secure the maximum heat developed for the intended purpose.
The heater may be composed of any suitable material, but for the uses just
described I prefer to construct it of cast iron and have shown in Figures 1 to 4 a
most advantageous and novel construction when so made, consisting generally of
four cast sections having such relative diameters that they may be piled upon aud
supported by one another.

page_text: The lower section preferably comprises the lower diaphragm J of the chamber A
and a down-turned ornamental, but not indispensable flange a and an upturned
annular flange within which seats the next section comprising the upper
diaphragm D of the said chamber A and the perforated side wall thereof. Over
this section fits the third section comprising the upper diaphragm F of the main
heating chamber and the imperforate side walls of such chamber, the latter, as
more clearly indicated in Figures 3 and 4 being provided with shoulders or
inwardly extending projections c which rest upon the section next below the said
section also being provided at its upper edge with an annular flange d within which
seats the topmost section comprising the top or cover for the auxiliary heating
chamber and the perforated side wall thereof together with an ornamental down-
turned flange e corresponding with the flange a upon the bottom section.
These sections are bound together by the air tubes O which alternate with the
legs or tubes M, the ends of which tubes are expanded on the outside of the top
and bottom sections as clearly illustrated in Figure 4, thus firmly uniting the
sections of the heater into a single body without other fastening being necessary.
In Figures 5 to 8 I have illustrated a form of heater especially designed for use
in connection with ordinary hand lamps, and as for such purpose the heater need
not be so strong nor weighty as in the case before described, it may be economically
composed of tin or sheet metal, as more clearly shown in Figures 7 and 8 with the
same chambers, members and disposition of parts as that in the construction
previously described and which are correspondingly lettered in said figures.
There are several points of difference between the devices as illustrated but
such differences are merely a matter of choice and not of necessity and simply
serve to show the modifications of which my invention is capable. For instance,
the removable lids E and I of the chamber A and the auxiliary heating chamber
are not shown in this modified form, but obviously they may also be used in
connection herewith. Another difference is that the air ducts for conducting the
air into the main heating chamber are shown as short tubes M¹ drawing air from
the immediate vicinity of the heater just the same as the air tubes.O in both
constructions. This difference is due to the fact that the supporting legs which
constitute the air ducts of the preferred construction, may be dispensed with
without departing from the spirit of my invention and for the uses now described,
the heater may be supported upon a rod f having preferably a crescent shaped
foot g designed to partially encompass the base of the lamp as illustrated in Figure 5,
the heater being adjustable upon such rod by means of a set-screw h or in any other
well known manner. It is also obvious that should it be desired to supply the air
to the main heating chamber from a point comparatively remote therefrom, this
supporting rod may be hollow and serve as an air duct as in the first described
construction.
While I have shown and described the auxiliary heating chamber in connection
with the chamber for the products of combustion and the main heating chamber, I
do not desire to limit myself to the employment of this third chamber; nor do I
desire to limit myself to any particular form or kind of heat generator although a
lamp or gas jet is preferred for economical reasons, and my heater as shown in the
drawings is especially designed for use in connection therewith, as by such use a
room may be heated for the same cost which would otherwise be spent in
illuminating it alone, a most important advantage from an economical point of
view as well as being a matter of great convenience especially in small towns and
the country where other forms of light are scarce and heat not easily attainable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a heating chamber above and separated from said first mentioned
chamber by an imperforate diaphragm and an air duct for said heating chamber
'

page_text: DRVing Do communication WILD Cne nrst mentioned chamber, substantiany
described.
2. In an atmospheric heater the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a heating chamber above and separated from said first chamber
by an imperforate diaphragm, of air ducts for said heating chamber extending
through but having no communication with said first chamber, substantially as
described.
3. In an atmospheric heater the combination with a chamber for the products of
combustion and a main heating chamber above but separated from said first
chamber by an imperforate diaphragm, of an auxiliary heating chamber above the
main heating chamber and separate therefrom by a perforated diaphragm, and air
ducts opening into the main heating chamber but having no communication with
the first mentioned chamber, substantially as described.
4. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a main heating chamber above and separated therefrom by an
imperforate diaphragm, of an auxiliary heating chamber above the main heating
chamber and separated therefrom by a perforated diaphragm, and air ducts opening
into the main heating chamber and extending through, but having no communication
with the first mentioned chamber, substantially as described.
5. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a main heating chamber above but. separated from said first
mentioned chamber by an imperforate diaphragm, of an auxiliary heating chamber
above the main heating chamber and separated therefrom by a perforated
diaphragm, air ducts opening into the main heating chamber and passing through
but having no communication with the chamber for the products of combustion,
and air tubes or flues passing through all of said chambers without communication
therewith, substantially as described.
6. In an atmospheric heater the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a heating chamber above and separated from said first mentioned
chamber by a diaphragm having a central opening closed by a removable cap or
plate of air ducts for said heating chamber, substantially as described.
7. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a heating chamber above and separated from said first mentioned
chamber by a diaphragm having a central opening closed by a removable cap or
plate of air ducts opening into the heating chamber and passing through the
chamber for the products of combustion but having no communication therewith,
substantially as described.
8. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a main heating chamber above and separated from the first
mentioned chamber by a diaphragm having a central opening closed by a removable
plate or cap, of an auxiliary heating chamber above the main heating chamber
and separated therefrom by a diaphragm having a central opening, the cover for
said auxiliary heating chamber being also provided with a central opening closed
by a removable cap, and air ducts opening into the main heating chamber,
substantially as described.
9. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a heating chamber above and separated therefrom by an
imperforate diaphragm, of hollow legs opening at their upper, euds into the heating
chamber and constituting air ducts therefor, substantially as described.
10. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a beating chamber above and separated from the combustion
chamber by an imperforate diaphragm, of the hollow legs extending through the
first mentioned chamber and opening at their inner ends into the heating chamber,
constituting an air duct therefor, substantially as described.
11. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products
of combustion and a heating chamber above and separated from said first mentioned
chamber by an imperforate diaphragm of an auxiliary heating chamber above the

page_text: main heating chamber and separated therefrom by a perforated diaphragm, and
hollow legs extending through the chamber for the products of combustion and
opening into the main heating chamber, constituting air ducts therefor, substantially
as described.
12. In an atmospheric heater, the combination with a chamber for the products.
of combustion and a main heating chamber above and separated from the first
mentioned chamber by an imperforate diaphragm, of an auxiliary heating chamber
above the main heating chamber and separated therefrom by a perforated diaphragm,
air flues or tubes open at each end aud extending through all of said chambers.
without communication therewith, and hollow legs passing through the chamber
for the products of combustion and opening into the main heating chamber,
constituting air ducts therefor, substantially as described.
13. An atmospheric heater composed of four sections the lower one comprising
the diaphragm J, the next resting thereon and comprising the diaphragm D with
the perforated side walls of the chamber for the products of combustion, the next
resting on the diaphragm D and comprising the diaphragm F and the imperforate
side walls of the main heating chamber, and the next resting on the diaphragm F
and comprising the cover H and the perforated side walls of the auxiliary heating
chamber, in combination with the air flues or tubes O and air ducts for the main.
air chamber, substantially as described.
ليدم
CAT
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.