CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES OR FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Barnes, of Church, in the County of Lan-
caster, Coal Proprietor, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN FURNACES OR FIRE-PLACES."
Sealed the 21st November 1854, and dated the 20th July 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Barnes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th July 1854.
I, JOSEPH BARNES, of Church, in the County of Lancaster, Coal Proprietor,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN FURNACES OR FIRE-PLACES" to be as follows:-
My Invention applies to all furnaces or fire-places, either employed for the
generation of steam or for other purposes, and consists in forming or con-
structing the "fire bars" or "grate bars" thereof (whether of cast or wrought
metal) so as to contain water, which may be also in connection with that in
the boiler; and by such improvement a considerable economy will be effected,
as the fire bars will thus act as extra heating surfaces, and also be preserved
from the destructive effects of the fire.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Barnes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th
January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BARNES, of Church, in the County of Lancaster, Coal Proprietor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of July, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her beirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Barnes, Her especial
license that I, the said Joseph Barnes, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Barnes, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES_OR_FIRE-PLACES,"_upon_the_
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Barnes, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to bo
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Barnes, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
66
My Invention applies to all furnaces or fire-places, either employed for the
generation of steam or for other purposes, and consists in forming or con-
structing the "fire bars" or grate bars" thereof (whether of cast or wrought
metal) hollow, so as to contain water, in connection with that in the boiler or
other reservoir of water, whereby a considerable economy will be effected, as
the fire bars will thus act as extra heating surfaces, and also be preserved from
the destructive effects of the fire.
In order that my Invention may be the better understood and explained
in detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawing, made upon a scale
of about two inches to the foot, and having the same letters of reference
marked on similar parts of the apparatus in the several views or Figures
shown. In the accompanying Drawing (Fig. 3) I have represented such

page_text: a bed of fire or grate bars as may be applicable to a furnace for retorts,
oven grates, or furnaces for boilers. It will be observed, from the arrange-
ment of the induction and eduction pipes, that the water may be supplied
from a cistern or reservoir on a level, and the eduction pipe allowed to
retrace its course as most convenient under circumstances. Should such
an arrangement as that shown be applied, for instance, to a baker's oven,
where it is usual to place the copper or boiler immediately above the furnace
or grate, the completion of the arrangement shown would be extremely
simple, as it would be necessary to connect the induction pipe with the lower
part of the boiler on one side, and the eduction pipe with the upper part of
the opposite side, and a continuous flow of the water, owing to the expansion
of that in the bars, would be maintained through the bars of the grate or
furnace; but of course the supply of water to each separate application of the
hollow bed of the grate or furnace, from cistern, tank, or boiler, must be
arranged as may appear most convenient. In the case of an application of
a hollow bed to the furnace of a boiler, it must be self-evident that much
larger direct surface for the generation of steam is presented; nor is this alone
the advantage gained by the employment of a hollow bed for furnaces or
grates through which water circulates; as hitherto, in consequence of the
extreme and white heat to which the bars of furnaces and grates have been
reduced and subjected, the scoria of the iron has combined with the fuel used,
and "clinker" has been formed, whereby great wear and tear of the furnace
bars bas been invariably the case; but by the application and employment of
a hollow bed admitting the circulation of water, the generation of "clinker'
is nearly, if not quite, superseded, thereby adding considerably to the durability
of the bars, as well as to the saving of fuel. Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal
section of a hollow fire bar and chambers. The bars may be of either cast or
wrought metal, and the boxes or chambers cast on to each end. Fig. 2
exhibits a plan or top view of a bed suitable for a fire grate or furnace; and
Fig. 3, a transverse section, taken through the middle of the same. a, a, a,
represents the hollow bars, and b, the front chamber. This chamber is divided
at c, and on the side of the smaller division the induction pipe a enters, from
which the water flows in the direction of the arrows, first, to the chamber at
the other end of the bars, and then returning in the direction of the arrows
through the remaining bars to the second large division of the front chamber;
from this the eduction pipe e conveys away the heated water by any appro-
priate arrangement that may have been previous adapted.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be peformed, I wish it to be understood that I am aware of

page_text: its having been proposed to use hollow fire bars, through which the water to
feed the boiler may pass; I do not, therefore, claim as of my Invention or
the exclusive use of hollow fire bars; but what I claim as my Invention is,
furnaces or fire-places constructed with hollow bars, so arranged as to allow of
the circulation of water through them, as herein-before particularly described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Barnes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
JOSEPH BARNES. (L.B.)