Improvements in Portable Pneumatic Drills and like Tools.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1898- Accepted, 4th Mar., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Portable Pneumatic Drills and like Tools.
A communication from abroad by HENRY JAMES KIMMAN and EDWARD NASH
HURLEY, Engineers, of The Marquette Building, Chicago, Cook County,
Illinois, and Citizens of the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention relates to that class of mechanism in which there is combined
fluid pressure engines which are portable in their nature and which are adapted
to and are connected with other mechanisms, such as drills, for the purpose of
assisting in hand labor and minimizing the cost incident to the manufacture of
large machines. The principal object of our invention is to produce a simple,
economical and efficient portable pneumatic drill. A further object of our inven-
tion is to provide a simple, economical and efficient portable pneumatic drilling
mechanism having combined therewith several fluid pressure cylinders, all
arranged in one compact organized tool.
The invention consists principally in the combination of at least two sets of
fluid pressure cylinders arranged in parallel lines, a reciprocating piston in each
cylinder, a rotatable crank shaft connected with the piston, a reciprocating valve
for each line of parallel arranged cylinders, and drill-holding mechanism connected
with the crank shaft and arranged to be driven thereby. The invention consists
further and finally in the features, combinations and details of construction here-
inafter described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an organized
machine constructed in accordance with our improvements; Fig. 2 a longitudinal
sectional elevation, taken on lines 2 of Figs. 1, 3 and 5; Figs. 3 and 4 cross
sectional views, taken on the lines 3 and 4 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of
the arrow; Fig. 5 a cross sectional view, taken on the line 3-5 of Fig. 2 looking
in the direction of the arrow; Figs. 6 and 7 are cross sectional views, taken on
the lines 6 and 7 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 8 a longi-
tudinal sectional elevation of the throttle valve, taken on line 8 of Fig. 1; Figs. 9
and 10 are detail views of the throttle valve; and Figs. 11 and 12 cross sectional
views, taken on the lines 11 and 12 of Fig. 8.
In constructing a portable pneumatic drill in accordance with our improve-
ments, we make a main casing A. of the desired size, shape and strength, pre-
ferably segmental in contour, as shown in the accompanying drawings, and which
is adapted to support, contain and inclose practically all of the operative and other
parts of the machine, as well as to efficiently protect the same from exterior
influences, such as dust, dirt, and the like.
In this casing we preferably arrange two sets of fluid pressure cylinders located
in different planes, and in parallel lines, the cylinders in each set preferably being

page_text: arranged at right angles to each other. These cylinders, as above stated, aro
arranged in sets, the first set consisting of the cylinders B and B', the second
set consisting of the cylinders C and C and, as above stated, arranged substan-
tially at right angles to each other, so that the movable pistons b, b, c and c,
which are arranged therein, acting through the medium of their respective piston
rods and bear on the crank shaft 1) at different times and in different posi-
tions so as to avoid what is commonly known as the "dead-center," and at the
same time to give the successive impulses to the crank shaft and provide for
uniform rotation of the same with the practically constant transmission of power
and motion.
In order to economically provide for the admission of fluid pressure into the
cylinders and for the exhaust of the same, we provide two piston valves E and E¹
which are arranged in what we term a valve casing F, which is of the same contour
as the main casing. These piston or controlling valves are further arranged so
that there is one for each line of parallel arranged cylinders, and also substan-
tially at right angles to each other, while their movements are so timed as to
permit of the admission of fluid pressure and its subsequent exhaustion.
The valve casing is provided with a main pressure chamber f having commu-
nication with the supply pipe H by means of the channel f¹. The cylindrical
chambers of the first set have communication with the fluid pressure chamber
through the medium of the controlling valves by means of the channels f and f³,
the location of which is shown in dotted lines in Figs. 4 and 6 and in full lines
in Fig. 3, so that as the piston valves are reciprocated or moved fluid pressure may
flow from the pressure chamber f through the chamber f4 formed by the annular
channel in the valve E, thence through the passage f3 and down through the
same into the space between the piston head and the casing to operate the
piston. During the operations of the mechanism, the piston valve El is so
operated as to close communication between the pressure chamber and the
channel 3 and bring its longitudinal passage into registration with the pas-
sage so that the fluid pressure may be exhausted from the cylinder B and thus
permit such cylinder to be returned, the pressure passing out through the open-
ing in the valve chamber head.
The pressure is admitted and exhausted from the cylinder B', passes in through
the opening and into the chamber formed by the annular channel f, in the
piston valve, so that when such channel is brought into registration with the
irregular channel f the pressure flows through from the main pressure chamber
through the chamber f¹, channel f2, into the cylinder 131, between the head
thereof and the piston, to operate the same. When the piston has reached the
limit of its forward movement, the reciprocating valve has been operated by its
rod E, which is connected with the crank shaft, so as to bring its longitudinal
passage e into alignment with the irregular passage f and permit the fluid pres-
sure to be exhausted through the opening into the valve chamber head.
In order to supply fluid pressure to and exhaust it from the second set of
cylinders, such second set of cylinders, as shown in Fig. 7, is pro-
vided with channels 03 and
shown also in Figs. 3 and 4.
open. and
close
The
these
to
same controlling piston valves operate
passages so that pressure may flow from the main pressure chamber through
the annular chamber f-and when it is brought into register with-through the
channel into the cylinder C₁ between its casing and the movable piston to
operate the piston. As shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the controlling piston
valve E is in condition to permit of the exhaust, so that fluid pressure may flow
through the channel and into the longitudinal passage e¹ of the controlling
valve, out through the opening into the valve chamber head.
With regard to the operations of the piston c in the cylinder C, the fluid pres-
sure passes from the fluid pressure chamber in the valve casing into the annular
channel fo, from thence into the passage or channel and, as shown in Fig. 7,
into the cylinder between the piston and the cylinder head to operate such piston.

page_text: The exhaust is accomplished when the controlling piston valve is moved, so that
the slot coincides with the perforation in the channel so as to permit fluid
pressure to exhaust from the cylinder to the channel c, perforation or slot e*,
into the longitudinal passage e of the controlling valve, and out through the
slotted opening in the valve chamber head.
By this construction and arrangement it will be seen that there is a controlling
piston valve made in a certain specific form and provided with specific channels
for controlling two reciprocating pistons arranged in multiple relation and parallel
therewith and with each other, thus providing for a compact organized portable
pneumatic drill.
In order to provide a simple, economical and efficient main valve and shut off
the supply of fluid pressure, we make a throttle valve as shown in Figs. 8, 9, 10,
11 and 12, in which there is combined a supply tube or pipe H', having a sleeve
or tube secured thereto so as to extend therein and provide an annular cham-
ber h¹ between it and the continuation H₁ of the supply pipe.
An inner cylindrical valve I is held in place in the inwardly extending tube
by means of the plug 2. This cylindrical valve is secured to a shell or handle I
by means of the screw I which operates in the slot H³ in the inwardly projecting
tubular extension of the supply pipe. The tubular extension of the supply pipe
and the cylindrical valve are provided with perforations or openings h and i,
which are adapted to register with each other when the handle portion is turned
to the proper position or to be cut off from registering with each other so as to
permit of the entrance of fluid pressure as indicated by the arrows, or to cut off
the supply thereof.
In order to economically combine a portable pneumatic or fluid pressure engine
with drilling mechanism so as to provide a compact organized machine-tool, we
provide the casing with an extension A in which is mounted in suitable bearings
This spur
a rotatable holding sleeve K having a spur gear secured thereto.
gear meshes with a spur pinion on the crank shaft so as to be rotated
thereby and also rotate the holding sleeve. The holding sleeve is provided with
a tapered opening and an exterior threaded portion 3, the first for the recep-
tion of the tapered shanks of drills like that shown at J in Fig. 1, and the second
to receive the threaded hubs or bushings of chucks and similar mechanisms.
In order to provide for economical feeding of the tool into the proper position,
we provide a sleeve L, which forms an independent extension of the tool-holding
sleeve, and which is threaded at so as to be engaged' by a feed screw L' having
threaded engagement therewith and is provided with a star handle and pivot 7ª.
To assist in expelling the tool from the tool-holding sleeve whenever it becomes
too firmly seated therein, we provide the sleeve with a drift pin M, which is held
in place by means of an ejecting screw m, so that by removing the threaded feed
screw sleeve L' and turning the ejecting screw by means of a pin m² or other-
wise the drift pin is forced in and expels the drill, but when moved in the other
direction it permits the drift pin to be moved backwardly and not interfere with
the engagement of the drill or other tool with the tool-holding sleeve.
in
In Figs. 5 and 6 an oil pipe P is shown as connected with the bushing
which the ball bearings p rotate, for the purpose of furnishing oil to said bear-
ings. A milled headed screw Q is shown on closing the outer end of the oil
pipe P.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a portable pneumatic drilling machine, the combination of at least two
sets of fluid pressure cylinders having at least two cylinders in each set arranged
substantially parallel with the cylinders in the adjacent set, a reciprocating
piston in each cylinder, a crank shaft connected with each piston, a controlling
reciprocating valve arranged for each set of parallel arranged cylinders arranged

page_text: parallel therewith and connected with the crank shaft to admit and exhaust fluid
pressure in each line of parallel arranged cylinders, and drill-holding mechanism
connected with and adapted to be rotated by the crank shaft, substantially as
described.
2. In a portable pneumatic drilling machine, the combination of a casing pro-
vided with two sets of fluid pressure cylinders arranged in parallel lines and
having at least two cylinders in each set arranged substantially at right angles
with the other cylinder in the set, a reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a
rotating crank shaft connected with the piston in each cylinder, a controlling
valve for each line of parallel arranged cylinders and arranged parallel therewith
to cut off fluid pressure from and admit it to each cylinder in the line of parallel
arranged cylinders, and drill-holding, mechanism connected with and adapted to
be rotated by the crank shaft, substantially as described.
3. In a portable pneumatic drilling machine, the combination of a casing pro-
vided with two sets of fluid pressure cylinders arranged in parallel lines having
at least two cylinders in each set substantially at right angles with each other,
a reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a crank shaft provided with a crank
arranged opposite each set of cylinders and connected with the pistons in the
cylinders of each set, a controlling piston valve arranged parallel with and for
each line of parallel arranged cylinders and connected with the crank shaft to be
operated thereby provided with annular and longitudinal passages to regulate the
admission and exhaust of the fluid pressure during the motions of the control-
ling valve to and from each line of parallel arranged cylinders, and drill-holding
mechanism connected with and adapted to be rotated by the crank shaft, sub-
stantially as described.
4. In a portable pneumatic drilling machine, the combination of a casing pro-
vided with at least two sets of fluid pressure cylinders arranged in parallel lines
having two cylinders in each set substantially at right angles with each other, a
reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a crank shaft provided with a crank
arranged opposite each set of cylinders and connected with the movable pistons
therein, a valve casing forining a cap for the cylinder casing and provided with a
fluid pressure chamber and valve chambers arranged at right angles to each other
one for each line of parallel arranged cylinders, a reciprocating piston valve in
each valve chamber connected with the crank shaft and provided with annular and
longitudinal passages or chambers, channels leading from each valve chamber to
each cylinder in the line of parallel arranged cylinders so as to provide for and cut
off communication with the fluid pressure chamber and each cylinder in the set
during the reciprocations of the controlling piston valve, and drill-holding, mech-
anism connected with and adapted to be rotated by the crank shaft substantially
as described.
5. In a portable pneumatic drilling machine, the combination of a casing pro-
vided with at least two sets of fluid pressure cylinders arranged in parallel lines
having two cylinders in each set substantially, at right angles with each other, a
reciprocating piston in each cylinder, a crank shaft provided with a crank
arranged opposite each set of cylinders and connected with the movable pistons
therein, a valve casing forming a cap for the cylinder casing and provided with
a fluid pressure chamber and valve chambers arranged at right angles to each
other one for each line of parallel arranged cylinders, a reciprocating piston
valve in each valve chamber connected with the crank shaft and provided with
annular and longitudinal passages or chambers, channels leading from each valve
chamber to each cylinder in the line of parallel arranged cylinders so as to pro-
vide for and cut off communication with the fluid pressure chamber of the valve
casing and each cylinder in the set during the reciprocations of the controlling
piston valve, a cap for each valve chamber provided with an opening through
which fluid pressure may be exhausted, and drill-holding mechanism connected
with and adapted to be rotated by the crank shaft, substantially as described.
6. In a machine of the class described, a supply pipe provided with a rotary

page_text: throttle valve in which there is combined a supply pipe, an inwardly axial pro-
jecting tubular extension thereof perforated and immovably connected therewith
so as to provide an annular chamber between it and the supply pipe, a rotary
valve in the inwardly extending portion provided with a perforation adapted to
register with the perforation in the extension, and a rotatable shell or handle
portion surrounding the supply pipe and extension thereof and connected with
the valve so as to rotate both of such parts simultaneously, substantially as
described.
7. In a portable pneumatic drill, the combination of a rotatable sleeve having
a tapered recess adapted to receive the shank of a drill or similar tool, fluid pres-
sure cylinders and intermediate mechanism adapted to transform the energy in
such cylinders into rotations of the tool holder, à tubular extension on such tool-
holder provided with an internally threaded and axial opening, a movable pin in
such opening, and a threaded plug adapted to operate the pin backwardly and
forwardly, substantially as described.
Dated this fith dox of Santamban 1908
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.