IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Young and John Mathieson, both of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Young and John
Mathieson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November
1880.
.
PETER YOUNG and JOHN MATHIESON, both of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This said Invention has reference to special new or improved general con-
structions or arrangements of the parts of positive check shuttle box mechanism
for power looms for weaving, that is, for shifting and setting any one shuttle and
its box of a set of from two to eight of the raising and lowering or vertical
reciprocating shuttle boxes of a loom, in a line with the race of the lathe ready for
picking or throwing the shuttle through the shed of the warp or cloth ; and also
in improved arrangements or combinations of the pattern mechanism for controlling
the said positive motion shuttle box moving mechanism, which improvements are
more simple and durable in construction, and efficient in action, and less liable
to derangement than the arrangements of check shuttle box mechanism heretofore
in use.
And the nature and novelty of the Invention (or new and improved check motion
for looms) consists in the use of a positive acting arrangement of differential or
compound lever or levers, having one end or arm of such lever or levers directly
connected with the lower end of the spear of the reciprocating multiple shuttle box,
and having said lever or levers carried and actuated on raising or lowering, or
moving fulcra at their ends and intermediate centres, and mounted so as to be
actuated preferably near the lower part of the loom (in ordinary power looms with
vertical lower rocking lathe) on said fulcra as levers of the first or third order, or
as a bar lever, by cranks, eccentrics, or cams actuated on stationary axes over said
fulcra, as some other forms or constructions of "check motions" are, preferably by a
cam or cams on the second motion shaft through pawls or hooks and tappet wheels
formed on or geared to the cranks, eccentrics, or cams which actuate the said new
D
1071

page_text: arrangement of levers and their fulcra, which form the essential or substantive
improvements of this Invention. Each fulcrum or moving joint and centre of
the said differential or compound lever or levers has a positive moving and holding
arrangement of crank pin, eccentric, or cam of its own, and wheel turned separately
by itself, for giving two positive positions of the spear lever, and two different
shuttle boxes in a line with the race, each actuated by its turning tappet wheel,
and a pawl or hook of its own brought into action by the ordinary pattern card
barrel mechanism and rest levers used in or for other "check motions" in
accordance with the changed position of the levers required and the desired shuttle
box to be brought in line with the race.
One simple modification or arrangement of these new or improved check box
mechanisms, as adapted for and applicable to a vertical raising and lowering four
shuttle box loom, arranged and actuated at one side, to be changed or shifted each
double pick or two shots of weft, as each shuttle comes home into the reciprocating
shuttle box, consist all as follows:-A single lever is used in this case, having its
front free end directly attached to the lower end of the spear of the shuttle box,
which is attached to its upper end so as to be moved through and set and held, in
this case, in four different positions to suit the four shuttle boxes. A fulcrum joint
is formed at the other extreme end of the lever, and another some considerable
distance therefrom (as from a third to a half, or less or more intermediate part)
between this first one and the free end of the lever. These fulcra are each
connected to crank pins direct, or preferably by short link connecting rods, so that
the horizontal spindles with their cranks can be mounted to rotate over the lever
and reciprocate it up or down each to two positions as they are turned half round
to their upper and lower dead centres; thus at each shift the motion of the lever
and its heavy box gradually begins, and is also brought slowly to rest, which
contributes greatly to steadiness in this check motion or mechanism.
Each crank spindle has a spur pinion on it gearing into a corresponding motive.
wheel turning loose on a spindle mounted between the crank spindles, but having
large frictional leather washers or other equivalent to hold the wheels steady when
turned intermittently by lateral tappets or pins a fourth of a revolution or so
(more or less) according to the proportion of the wheels to the pinions, which are
turned a half revolution at each shift to leave the crank pin at either shift as
stated at the upper or lower "centre" or extremity of its stroke. Long hooks or
pawls reciprocated by the second motion shaft engage each on to the tappets or
catch pins on its respective centre wheel and gives it a fourth turn as stated,
according to the pattern mechanism which allows either or both of the hooks to
drop into action, and so give any required shift to the lever and bring any box
and shuttle in line with the race.
Thus the wheels are geared and the parts are set so that when the back crank
pin raises the back end fulcrum of the lever to its top centre or highest position,
with the front crank at its lowest position, the front free end of the lever is in its
lowest position with the first or top box in line with the race ready for picking.
Then the second box is raised to the picking position by one hook giving a half
turn of the crank pin of the back end fulcrum of the lever down, turning the
lever on the intermediate fulcrum with its crank in the lowest position, the third
box is brought into its picking position by the pattern cards throwing both hooks
into action and turning both cranks to their top centres, which raises the shuttle
box lever one division up in a parallel manner as a simple bar with the third
shuttle box in picking line, and the fourth shuttle box is brought up into line by
lowering the back crank and back end of the lever on its front or intermediate
fulcrum now in its raised position.
Then vice versa to bring the boxes gradually down one at a time when thus in
their highest position; the raising of the back end of the lever by its crank brings
the third box in line, and turning both cranks down lowers the lever down parallel
another division and gives the second box in line, then raising the back crank and
end of the lever gives the first box in line. To skip one box up from the lower

page_text: position or down from the highest position of the lever, that is, from 1 to 3, or
from 4 to 2, the front or intermediate crank must be turned to raise or lower its
fulcrum respectively. And to "skip" two boxes: from the lowest or highest
positions, that is, from 1 to 4, or 4 to 1, up or down, the back crank and end of
the lever require to be turned in the reverse direction to the first at the same time,
that is, down while the front crank and fulcrum is going up, and up while the
latter is turned down. The lengths of the arms of the levers between and beyond
the fulcra are proportioned to effect this, as also the "throw" or eccentricity of
the crank pins; and to give a steady and nearly parallel action of the shuttle box
lever up and down, the free end of a long radius lever may be connected to one of
its fulcrum pins, having its fixed centre or fulcrum on the side of the loom near
the axial line of the rocking lathe or lower end of the spear of the shuttle box, or
this might work in a parallel guide.
For an eight shuttle box mechanism, under and by by these improvements, an
extra or second beam lever is used like the first, but made to carry the first lever
by a joint pin at its extreme front free end and arm coupled to one of the fulcrum
joints of the first lever, preferably the forward or intermediate fulcrum, so that all
the motions described in reference to the former arrangement for a four shuttle box
loom are obtained by the first lever, and the crank or eccentric connected to the
back arm and fulcrum joint of the second lever, which has its front or intermediate
fulcrum joint linked or jointed to a third crank turned on an axis of its own by
an extra geared pinion and wheel, and drawing tappets and hook or other equivalent
eccentric actuating mechanism, worked by the pattern mechanism, as described in
reference to the first arrangement, in accordance with the requirements of the
pattern. But in this case for bringing the fifth box into picking line with the race
the crank and front end of the lever is raised, and the other two cranks coupled
to the rear end of the levers are in their highest position; or vice versa, the first
box is in its normal picking position when the front crank of the second lever is
in its lowest position, and the back cranks and back arms of both levers are in
their highest position.
The second box is raised from this first position of the levers to its picking
position by turning down the back crank and fulcrum arm of the first or shuttle
box lever, and the third box from the second by bringing up the back crank and
fulcrum of the first lever (again to its normal position), and bringing down the
back crank and fulcrum arm of the second lever; and the fourth box by again
bringing down the back arm and fulcrum of the shuttle box lever, while, as before
stated, the fifth box is got into position by simultaneously raising the two back
cranks and fulcrum arms of both levers to their highest position, and raising the
front crank and intermediate fulcrum of the second lever to its highest position.
And from this position the sixth, seventh, and eighth boxes are brought into
acting line with the race, all sequentially by the motions of the two back cranks
and fulcrum arms of the two levers, as described in reference to the second, third,
and fourth box.
The "skipping" from the first to the third box, and vice versa, is effected by
turning the back fulcrum arm of the second lever down or up respectively, while
the back fulcrum of the box lever is in its highest position, and the second to the
fourth, or vice versa, is effected by the same action of the back fulcrum of the
second lever, while the shuttle box lever is in its lowest position, that is, in both
cases when the front fulcrum of the second lever is in its lowest normal position.
While the "skipping" from the fifth to the seventh box, and vice versa, or from
the sixth to the eighth, and vice versa, are got by the same sequential motions of
the back fulcrums of both levers, while the front crank and fulcrum of the second
lever is in its highest normal positions before mentioned for giving the fifth box in
a line with the race, and to "skip" from 1 to 4, or vice versa, or from 5 to 8, or
vice versa ;
the back fulcra of both levers are turned down or both turned up
simultaneously and respectively, while the front fulcrum of the second lever is in
its lowest and bighest position; thus any box of the set may be brought into

page_text: picking position, as from 1 to 8, which is the extreme skip required, by
simultaneously raising the fulcrum of the second lever to its highest position, while
turning the back arms and fulcra of both levers to their lowest position, or vice
versa, for skipping from 8 to 1.*
Although cranks or eccentrics actuated on separate centres by toothed pinions
geared into wheels with tappets turned on a first or common stationary axis
by drawing hooks actuated intermittently by and in accordance with the pattern
mechanism, all as have heretofore been employed for primarily moving and
controlling other arrangements of check shuttle box mechanism have been
described. It is to be understood that the said eccentric motions may be obtained
by positive acting grooved cams and pins with anti-friction rollers working in
these grooves and either attached directly or connected by a link or lever to
the fulcrum it has to move of the said new or improved arrangement of lever
mechanism.
Outside rimmed cams might also be used with the required raised or greater
eccentricity on the one side, and corresponding depression on the other, with studs
and antifriction rollers working on these surfaces secured on a forked arm beam
or other equivalent lever having the other arm linked to the respective fulcrum of
the lever which it has to move, all as described in reference to the cranks. This
arm of the lever when employed might have adjustable slots to fix the joint pins
in true position for giving the exact throw or motion to the lever required; this
positive motion arrangement may have one of its forked arms hinged and
connected to the other by a strong spring more powerful than the force required to
move the shuttle box levers, but which would yield to prevent breakage in the
case of a shuttle or other obstruction preventing the box from being reciprocated
by the cams; and in the case of using the cranks, eccentrics, or grooved cams, then
any of the ordinary connections for preventing breakage may be employed, such
as a strong spring connecting these with their fulcra, or the spear rod with its
shuttle box lever.
As an alternate arrangement for turning the respective crank or eccentric axis
for reciprocating the different fulcra of the new arrangement of lever shuttle box
moving mechanisın instead of the geared wheels and pinions herein before described.
This might be done by a loose polygonal or other barrel turned by a chain with or
without the said hooks in one direction against the power of a spring which
would bring the barrel back to its normal position. The barrel has a catch or
pawl on it which would take into two cams or catches on the crank or its axis, and
turn this half a revolution in the same direction each time it is actuated.
Although this new or improved check box mechanism has only been described
as actuated by the ordinary pattern card and chain barrel with a separate rest
lever for each crank, eccentric, or cam action and reciprocating fulcrum of the
levers, it is also capable of being similarly actuated by the large screw and other
pattern barrels heretofore in use for other check motions with pins or holes for
each double shot or pick of the pattern through a very simple arrangement of two
or three additional double armed pattern levers carried on one fulcrum or centre of
the ordinary screw traversing or rest lever of these pattern barrels, that is, two
levers for a four shuttle box loom, and three levers for an eight shuttle box loom.
The one arm of these levers rests over the path of the pin holes so as to be
actuated by special new forms of headed pins with steps arranged according to the
number of levers employed, giving two positions of each lever; the other end of
the levers, each acting on long tilting-bar crank levers the whole length of the
pattern barrel, so as to tilt these levers either into or out of action according to the
two positions of its corresponding actuating double-armed pattern lever given to it
by the pins. Each crank bar lever would bring its respective hook and crank,
eccentric, or cam into action at the proper time, controlled by the pin, so that this
improved form of pins would only require to be introduced when a shift of these
cranks and of the shuttle box has to be effected; thus, for an eight shuttle box
loom only five forms of pins would be required, and these only requiring to be

page_text: inserted as stated where the change had to take place would make a great saving
in the expense of the number of pins required, and in the labour of inserting them
in the barrel for every new pattern..
Although the number of holes in the barrel would have to be the same as usual,
and the barrel turned for each hole and double pick of weft, and the rest screw
lever carrying the new pattern levers, would still require to act as heretofore in
reversing the action and pattern in the case of "cheek" patterns.
In the foregoing improved arrangement of check loom pattern barrel with a
single set of stepped pattern pins, and a corresponding set of pressing pattern
levers carried on a centre on one side of the screw traversing lever, any single
reversible check pattern may be woven, which the barrel will take on in pins
throughout its length by the action of a special reversing pin at each end of the
pattern, which will tilt the reversing tappets and crank bar, which reverses the
ratchet pawls which turn the barrel and screw spindle, carrying and traversing
the differential pattern levers so that they traverse to and fro across over the scroll
of the pattern pins without change or stoppage.
But for working "cheek" patterns (which will not reverse, as in the former
arrangement) there must be two sets of pattern pins set in the barrel, the second
set to act when the barrel is turned in the reverse or back direction, with a second
set of the pattern or pushing levers working on then while the screw traversing
lever is being carried back to its first forward working position, with the first set
of differential pattern or pressing levers ready to begin their next forward traverse
over the first set of pattern pins. One means of carrying out this arrangement
consists in mounting the two sets of pattern levers on studs, projecting longi-
tudinally from slides working angularly and laterally in guides, formed each on
the opposite ends of a small traversing frame or carriage, formed on or secured to the
lower end of the screw traversing lever, guided in its reciprocating motion across
the pattern barrel by a bar set parallel to this and its traversing screw spindle.
These slides being connected by a short longitudinal equally armed beam lever
fulcrumed on a stud secured in the centre between them on the screw traversing
slide frame and lever, so that when the said lateral end slide and its end of
the connecting beam lever is moved up and out from the barrel, this motion
takes the one set of pattern levers quite out of action on the heads of their pattern
pins, and at the same time puts the other set of pattern levers down into
action with their pattern pins, and their other ends in action with their crank
spindles, which they move to control the action of the actual shuttle box moving
mechanism to bring the proper shuttle box into picking position in accordance
with the pattern. This changing or traversing of the pattern levers takes place
at the end of the traverse of each set of levers over the whole of their pattern
pins to bring the other set into action with, and traverse back over their
set of pattern pins alternately and respectively as the screw traverse lever with
its carriage reaches the end of its traverse to and fro, and stopped and reversed
in its said action by the ordinary reversing pin secured in one of the ordinary
pattern pin holes of the barrel at the end of each set of pattern pins. These
reversing pins in this case strike a head on the end of a lateral sliding bar,
or other equivalent, carried on the carriage of the two sets of pattern levers, and
is so connected at the other end by a gab or other suitable, connection as to tilt
the reversing crank spindle, which by the ordinary connections with the ratchet
moving pawls of the pattern barrel reverse it; the same motion of this reversing
slide bar, by an inclined or curved cam slot through it, and a pin working in this
on one of the lateral slides carrying the pattern levers, raises the one slide and
disengages its set of pattern levers, and depresses the other slide and engages its
set of levers through their connecting beam lever, all substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein before described of working a "cheek" pattern in a
continuous manner during the reverse motion of the pattern barrel and corre-
sponding reverse traverse of the pattern levers across it and their respective
pattern pins.

page_text: A further improvement has reference to the application of new fittings to the
pattern barrels of vertical or drop shuttle box check looms, in which helical or
annular rows of pin holes, and pins of different heights in them, are used round
its circumferential web to push out a differentially moved or pattern lever by a
raised or (A shaped) angled projection, so as to move or control the parts of the
actual shuttle box moving mechanism of the loom, to bring the particular shuttle into
action at the proper time to suit the pattern, all in a more simple manner than
heretofore, and with far fewer pins and consequent saving of time in setting a set
of pins for each new pattern or change of pattern, which heretofore required
nearly a pin for every double or single shot of weft in the pattern, but which by
these improvements will only require a pin for each change of shuttle box and
weft in the patthrn.
The nature of these improved fittings consists in having a set height of pins for
each shuttle box, and a normal position of the before-mentioned pattern lever,
which is traversed as usual on its oscillating eye and scroll or spindle longitudinally
across the face and path of the raised heads of the pattern pins.
A further improvement consists in fitting or forming this lever in two parts,
that is, with the upper part, as usual, having the raised bearing part at its lower
end pushed out from the barrel to the extent of the particular height of the pin
acting on it for the time being, and having another long arm jointed to the former
near their upper ends or on the same spindle, preferably at one side, so as to
traverse with the upper arm of the lever, and so connected by a bearing rest or
adjustable screw pin in one of them, and at the back bearing on the other so as to
be pushed out from the barrel to a uniform position for each height of pin and shuttle
box against the power of the usual back pressing bar lever and spring. The lower
end of this new long loose jointed arm of the lever determining (in a usual manner
to that of the former solid lever) the position of the pushing or bearing bar, and
the reciprocating rod of the moving shuttle box mechanisin to bring up the
particular shuttle required for each shift, but also after each pin has passed the
raised bearing or pressing out part of the upper arm of the lever allow this to fall
into its normal position, resting on or nearly touching the barrel between or where
their are no pins ready for the next shift, which is a new position of the pattern
lever peculiar to this new arrangement, and corresponds to the position of no
particular shuttle box, but allows the weaving to go on for as many shots of weft
as required, with the last shuttle box shifted, as long as there is no pin in the path
of the pattern lever, there being, as before stated, a regular set and height of
pins for each shuttle box or shift thereof. The rod reciprocated by the long arm
of the improved duplex lever, or it might be the lever itself, is first locked after
each shift, and unlocked just before a shift has to take place by a further improved
arrangement of mechanism, which consists of a long light spindle cranked
throughout its length and set parallel to the traverse of the pattern lever, so that
an inclined projection on the outer end of a lateral arm secured to the lower
end of the upper arm of that lever tilts or turns it by the crank and the first part
of the motion of the lever and pattern pin before it moves the long arm of the
lever.
This motion of the crank spindle, by a rod and arrangement of levers or cranks
on the opposite ends of a horizontal oscillating spindle, or other equivalent, raises
the notched pushing end of a pawl, jointed loose to one arm of the bell-crank or
locking lever, the other or horizontal arm of which takes into notches formed in the
shifting rod of the shuttle box moving mechanism, and which are divided equally,
or so as to hold it in the position it is set to bring the respective shuttle boxes into
action. This raising of the pushing pawl of the locking lever brings it into
the line of motion of a pushing pin on one of the cranks or other equivalent part of
the positive moving mechanism, which moves the shuttle boxes so as to raise the
locking lever and allow the sliding and setting rod to be shifted and reset by the
pattern pin in action, and again locked before the moving of the shuttle boxes; and
as the acting pattern pin passes the raised angular or pressing part of the pattern

page_text: lever, this falls into its said normal position close to the barrel, ready for the next
shift, and allows the pushing pawl of the locking lever to fall out of its actuating
position also, and leaves the locker in action until the next shift of the pattern lever
and shuttle box is required.
These improvements are susceptible of considerable modification to suit patterns
and pattern barrels; as for plain reversible patterns, one duplex pattern lever as
described is quite sufficient, the lever being traversed back and forward on its
spindle at each end of the pattern pins by a reversing pin and pawl mechanism
turning the barrel in the reverse direction. But for "cheek" patterns which will
not reverse, two such duplex pattern levers must be used, one for traversing in each
reversed direction over a set of pattern pins of its own, the one being thrown out
of action while the other is working.
And other modifications of lever arrangements for transmitting the motion from
the tilting or oscillating long crank spindle may be used for causing the locking
and unlocking of the reciprocating setting bar or rod of the positive shuttle box.
moving mechanism.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Peter Young and John Mathieson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th May 1881.
PETER YOUNG and JOHN MATHIESON, both of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Our said Invention bas reference to special new or improved general constructions
or arrangements of the parts of positive check shuttle box mechanism for power
looms for weaving; that is, for shifting and setting any one shuttle and its box of
a set of from two to eight of the raising and lowering, or vertical reciprocating
shuttle boxes of a loom, in a line with the race of the lathe, ready for picking or
throwing the shuttle through the shed of the warp or cloth, and also in improved
arrangements or combinations of the pattern mechanism for controlling the said
positive motion shuttle box moving mechanism, which improvements are more
simple and durable in construction and efficient in action, and less liable to derange-
ment than the arrangements of check shuttle box mechanism heretofore in use.
And the nature and novelty of the first part of the Invention (or new and
improved check motion for looms) consists in the use of a positive acting
arrangement of differential or compound lever or levers, having one end or arm of
such lever or levers directly connected with the lower end of the spear of the
reciprocating multiple shuttle box, and having said lever or levers carried and
actuated on raising, or lowering, or moving fulcra at their ends and intermediate
centres, and mounted so as to be actuated preferably near the lower part of the
loom (in ordinary power looms with vertical lower rocking lathe) on said fulcra,
as levers of the first or third order, or as a bar lever, by cranks, eccentrics, or cams,
actuated on stationary axes over said fulcra (as some other forms or constructions
of check motions are) preferably by a cam or cams on the second motion shaft,
through pawls or hooks and tapped wheels formed on or geared to the cranks,
eccentrics, or cams, which thus actuate the said new arrangement of levers and their
fulera, which form an essential or substantive improvement of this Invention.
Each fulcrum or moving joint and oscillating centre of the said differential or
compound lever or levers has a positive moving and holding arrangement of crank
pin, eccentric, or cam of its own, and wheel turned separately by itself, for giving
two positive positions of the spear lever, and two different shuttle boxes in a line
with the race, each actuated by its turning tapped wheel and a pawl or hook of its
own brought into action by the ordinary pattern card barrel mechanism and rest
levers used in or for other check "motions," in accordance with the changed
position of the levers required, and the desired shuttle box to be brought in line
with the race. Thus, one crank pin wheel (or equivalent eccentric or cam action)
is required for every two shuttle boxes in the set of four boxes, although only three
axes are required for six boxes, and for eight boxes and shuttles, to give the
corresponding number of differential actions to the spear lever or levers through
and on their carrying and moving fulcra.
And in order that the nature, novelty, and mode or means of performing our
said Invention may be properly understood, we shall now proceed to describe the
several Figures on the two Sheets of Drawings we have hereunto appended for
that purpose, representing various modifications and improvements of our said
Invention, the same reference letters and numerals indicating the same or like
parts in the different Figures where shown.
Referring to Sheet 1 of the Drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are a side elevation and
plan of one end Z of a power loom, shown as fitted with one simple modification or
arrangement of our new or improved positive motion check shuttle box mechanism

page_text: as applied thereto, with two differential levers, and B, and adopted in accordance
with our Invention, all as follows:-For the raising or lowering and holding or
steadying of a vertical shuttle box arrangement z with four cells and shuttles.
marked 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively, and actuated by its spear rod at one side Z of
the loom, and changed or shifted each double pick or two shots of the weft after
each shuttle comes home into its own cell, all of the reciprocating shuttle box, while
Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 are diagrams indicating the main differential spear lever A
in its four different positions, corresponding to those of the shuttle boxes, and
numbered inversely accordingly 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10, show four different positions of a simple arrangement
with a single differential fulcrumed spear lever A, having in all these arrangements
its front free end a directly attached to the lower end of the spear rod z¹ of the
shuttle boxes 1, 2, 3, 4, attached to its upper end, so as to be moved through, and
set and held in its four corresponding different positions indicated by these
numbers to suit the four shuttle boxes. A fulcrum joint a¹ is formed at the other
extreme end of the lever A, and another fulcrum a² some considerable distance
therefrom (as from a third to a half or two thirds of the length, or other less or
more intermediate part), between the first one a¹ and the free end a of the
lever A.
Referring to the simple modification of a single lever A, shown in Figures 7
to 10, these fulcra a¹, a², are each connected to crank pins b¹, 62, direct, or
preferably, by short link connecting rods b, so that the horizontal spindle 6¹¹ of
these crauks 61, 62, can be mounted to rotate on stationary studs or centres
over the lever, and reciprocate the lever A up or down to two positions, as each
crank pin or 62 is turned half round to its upper and lower dead centres.
Thus at each shift or half revolution the motion of the lever A and its heavy
box are gradually set in motion, and also slowly brought to rest, which con-
tributes greatly to steadiness in this new check notion or mechanism.
or
Each crank spindle 6, 6", has a spur pinion p on it gearing into a
corresponding motive wheel P¹ or P² turning loose on the same spindle P mounted
between the crank spindles 6, 61, but having large frictional bosses and leather
washers P, or other equivalents, to hold the wheels P1, P2, p', p², steady when
turned intermittently by lateral tappets or pins q, a fourth of a revolution or so
(more or less), according to the proportion of the wheels P or P² to the
pinions p¹, P, which are turned a half revolution at each shift to leave their
crank pins 61, 62, at either shift, as stated, at the upper or lower "centre
extremity of its stroke. Long hooks or pawls 10, as seen particularly in Figures 1
and 2, reciprocating by the second motion shaft Z2 engage each on to the tappets
or catch pins 9 on its respective centre wheel P¹ or P2, and give it a fourth turn,
as stated, according to the pattern mechanism, which allows either or both of the
hooks 10 to drop into action, and so give any required shift to the lever A, and
bring any box and shuttle 1, 2, 3, or 4, in line with the race, as indicated in
Figures 3 to 10, as will hereinafter be more particularly described. Thus referring
to the single lever arrangement, Figures 7 to 10, the wheels P1, P2, p', p², are
geared and the parts are set, so that when the back crank pin braises the back
end fulcrum a¹ of the lever A to its top centre or highest position, with the front
crank 62 at its lowest position, the front free end of the lever A is in its lowest
position 1 with the first or top box in line with the race 21 of the lathe 2 ready for
picking, as indicated in Figure 7. Then the second box 2 is raised to the picking
position by its hook 10, giving a half turn down of the crank pin 6' of the back
end fulcrum a¹ of the lever, turning the lever on the intermediate fulcrum a² with
its crank b² still in the lowest position, as indicated in the diagram Figure 8. The
third box 3 is brought into its picking position by the pattern mechanism and
cards K, k, now throwing both cranks b', 62, to their top centres, which raises the
shuttle box lever A one division up in a parallel manner, as a simple bar or lever
with the third shuttle box in picking line, as indicated in Figure 9; and the fourth
shuttle box 4 is brought up into line by lowering the back crank bland back

page_text: end a' of the lever A on its front or intermediate fulcrum a² still in its raised
position, as indicated in Figure 10. Then vice versa, to bring the boxes gradually
down one at a time when thus in their highest position, the raising of the back
end a¹ of the lever by its crank b' brings the third box 3 in line; and turning both
cranks b', 62, down lowers the lever A down parallel another division, and gives the
second box in line; then raising the back crank b' and end a' of the lever A gives
the first box in line. To skip one box up from the lower position, or down from
the highest position of the lever, that is, from 1 to 3, or from 4 to 2, the front or
intermediate crank 62 must be turned to raise or lower its fulcrum a² respectively;
and to "skip" two boxes from the lowest or highest positions, that is, from 1 to 4,
or 4 to 1, up or down, the back crank b¹ and end a¹ of the lever A require to be
turned in the reverse direction to the first at the same time, that is, down while the
front crank 62 and fulcrum a² is going up, and up while the latter is turned down.
The lengths of the arms of the lever A from a to a², and from a² to a¹ are
proportioned to effect this, as also the "throw or eccentricity of the crank
pins b1, b2; and to give a steady and nearly parallel action of the spear z¹ of the
shuttle boxes and end a of the lever A up and down, the free end of a long radius
lever may be connected to one of its fulcrum pins a¹ or a², or other centre of the
lever A having its fixed centre or fulcrum on the side of the loom near the axial
line of the rocking lathe, or lower end of the spear of the shuttle box, as indicated
by dotted lines in Figure 7 at A*; or any point in the lever A might be guided by
other equivalent or suitable parallel motion.
"
Referring to the modification of the duplex lever arrangement A, B, with its
positive moving mechanism shown complete in Figures 1 and 2 (for actuating a
four shuttle box arrangement z controlled and locked by an ordinary arrangement
of pattern cards k and barrel and mechanism K, the lever A is fulcrumed on its
axis a³ on the front moving end B¹ of the beam lever B, which is fulcrumed on a
fixed stud B in the side frame Z of the loom, and has its back or actuated free
end B2 directly attached to the lower end of the connecting rod b of the second
pin b of its actuating pinion p²; in this case arranged on the same side of its
actuating wheel P2, and in the same axial line as the first crank pin 6', and its
pinion p¹³, as seen more particularly in Figure 2. The front end B¹, B", of the
lever B acts in this arrangement as the radius bar or parallel motion of the
differential fulcrumed lever A.
In consequence of the use of the second lever B, and the disposition of its
actuating crank b² and pinion p² on the same side of the wheels P1, P2, and the
beam lever B having its front arm B¹, B", shorter than the back arm B1, B2, the
"throw" of the crank 62 is necessarily considerably greater than that in the
former modification or arrangement of a single lever B, and also greater than the
throw of the first crank b' of the back end a² of the lever A. Figures 3 to 6 show
the positions to which the cranks 61 and 62 are turned (or require to be turned) to
actuate the levers A and B in the duplex arrangement to give the sequential rise
of the front end a of the lever A on its differential axes a and a², to bring the boxes
1 to 4 in a line with the race 21 of the lathe z², as herein before described in
reference to Figures 7 to 9 of the single lever arrangement, to give each double
pick of their shuttles, as is well understood in accordance with the requirements of
the pattern card k and barrel K. These Figures also show the respective positions
to which the cranks 61, 62, must be turned, and the levers A and B changed
from any of the other positions to bring the particular box indicated in these
Figures in line with the race. The weight of the spear 21 and shuttle boxes z on
the end a of the lever A, is balanced by means of a spiral spring S attached to a
pin on the lever A and at the upper end to the side of the loom Z. The lathe and
swords z are oscillated on their centre 23 by the crank 22 on the first motion shaft z¹
and connecting rod z³ as usual.
The pattern mechanism K, k, is actuated from the second motion or tappet shaft Z"
by the crank Z and connecting rod Y, which is attached to the lower arm
of the bell crank frame X, on which the pattern barrel K is carried. The rest

page_text: levers L, L, are not acted on when their pins 1, l', are opposite, and enter punched
holes in the cards k; but when there is no pattern hole the cards act on the pins l,,
and raise the ends of the levers L, L', which are centred at L" on the centre of the
bell crank framing X. The raising of either of these levers L, L', acting through
their other arms L2, to which connecting rods are attached, lifts one or other, or
both, of two locking levers M, centred on a stud m fixed on the side of the loom Z.
The locking levers m are formed with projecting catches or knobs m¹ on them,
which, when the levers are raised, release a pin m² on the lower end of one or other of
the two weighted draw-hook levers N, N', and allow the draw-hooks 10, which are
jointed to them, to move back and take on to the pins 9 in one or other of the spur
wheels P or P2, and turn it round a fourth of a revolution to act on the
pinions p or p³, and cranks b¹ or 62, of the levers A, B, according as the one
locking lever L2 and rest lever L, or the other L', is acted on by the pattern
card. The levers N, N¹, are centred on a stud n fixed on the loom framing Z, and.
are formed with an arm N", on each of which a weight N is fitted or formed,
and these weights move back the lower arms N of the levers with the draw-hooks 10
when the pin m² is freed. A cam Z on the shaft Z in turning presses back the
levers N, N', and draws the hooks 10; and when turned further, allow the hooks 10
to move back if they are freed from the action of the locking levers M.
The hook levers N, N¹, are formed in two parts, with knuckle or knife joints
at N2, and the two parts are kept in the position shown with projections on each
resting on the other as a rigid lever by means of the spring N³ fixed to the
arms N and N"; but when from any cause the pinions P1, P2, are prevented from
turning, and the hooks 10 cannot be moved by the action of the cam Z*, the
levers N, N¹, open out or give way at the joint N2, and the cam can turn without
breaking any part of the mechanism, the spring N3 bringing back the levers N, N¹,
to the straight normal position.
In Sheet 2 of the Drawings, Figure 11 is an elevation and Figure 12 is a plan
of the end of a loom having eight shuttle boxes in the set, each brought into line
with the race z', as required, by means of a duplex arrangement of the differential
fulcrumed levers A, B, and three cranks for actuating their fulcra, with positive
moving mechanism and an improved arrangement of the screw pin pattern barrel 11
used in some other check motions. Figures 13 to 20 inclusive are diagrams
showing the different positions which the cranks and differential levers A, B,
assume for the corresponding positions of the eight shuttle boxes in line with the
race of the lathe.
For an eight shuttle box mechanism, under and by the present improvements, an
extra or second differential beam lever B is used like the first A, acting as a lever
of the first and third order, and made to carry the first lever A by a joint pin at its
extreme front free end B' coupled to one of the fulcrum joints a² of the first
lever A, as in the arrangement of duplex levers A, B, applied to a four shuttle box
loon, last described, but with its fulcrum joint no longer a fixed centre, but a centre
having two positions, governed by a third pinion p³ and crank 63. All the motions
described in reference to the former arrangement for a four shuttle box loom are
thus obtained by the first lever A, and the crank or eccentric b₁ connected to the
back arm. and fulcrum joint B2 of the new second lever B*, which has its
intermediate fulcrum joint B linked or jointed by a connecting rod b to a third
crank 68 turned on an axis 611 of its own by an extra geared pinion p³ and wheel P³,
and drawing tappets and hook (or other equivalent cam or eccentric actuating
mechanism) worked by the pattern mechanism, as described in reference to the first
arrangement, in accordance with the requirements of the pattern. Thus the first
four boxes are brought into line with the race by the cranks 6, 62, and their
wheels p, p, P1, P2, and the fulcra a', a², B2, of the levers A, Bx, all substantially
as described in reference to Figures 3 to 6 on Sheet 1, and shown in these
positions in Figures 13 to 16.
For bringing the fifth box into picking line with the race; the crank b³ and front
end B' of the lever B* is raised, and the other two cranks 61, 6², coupled to the rear.

page_text: end of the levers A, B*, are in their highest position as in Figure 17, or vice versa,
the first box is in its normal picking position when the front crank 63 of the second
lever B is in its lowest position, and the back cranks 61, 62, and back arms of both
levers A, B*, are in their higbest position.
The second box is raised from this first position of the levers A, Bx, to its
picking position by turning down the back crank b¹ and fulcrum arm of the first or
shuttle box lever A; and the third box from the second by bringing up the back
crank b' and fulcrum of the first lever A (again to its normal position, and
bringing down the back crank 62 and fulcrum arm of the second lever B*, and
the fourth box by again bringing down the back arm and fulcrum a¹ of the
shuttle box lever A, while as before stated the fifth box is got into position by
simultaneously raising the two back cranks 61, 62, and fulcrum arms of both
levers A, B, to their highest position, and raising the front crank 63 and
intermediate fulcrum B₁ of the second lever B* to its highest position.
And from this position, the sixth, seventh, and eighth boxes are brought into
acting line with the race, all sequentially by the motions of the two back
cranks 61, 62, and fulcrum arms of the two levers A, B*, as described in reference to
the second, third, and fourth box. The "skipping" from the first to the third box,
or vice versa, is effected by turning the back fulcrum arm of the second lever B×
down or up respectively, while the back fulcrum of the box lever A is in its highest
position; and the second to the fourth, or vice versa, is effected by the same action
of the back fulcrum B2 of the second lever B*, while the fulcrum of the shuttle box
lever A is in its lowest position, that is, in both cases when the front fulcrum B" of
of the second lever B× is in its lowest normal position.
While the skipping
from the fifth to the seventh box, and vice versa, or from the sixth to the eighth,
and vice versa, are got by the same sequential motions of the back fulcrums a¹, B²,
of both levers, while the front crank b3 and fulcrum B11 of the second lever B* is in
its highest normal position before mentioned for giving the fifth box in a line
with the race. And to "skip" from 1 to 4, or vice versa, or from 5 to 8, or vice
versa, the back fulcra a', B2, of both levers A, B*, are turned down or both turned
up simultaneously and respectively, while the front fulcrum of the second lever is
in its lowest or highest positions respectively. Thus any box of the set may be
brought into picking position, as from 1 to 8, which is the extreme skip required,
by simultaneously raising the fulcrum B₁ of the second lever B to its highest
position, while turning the back arms and fulera a¹, B¹¹, of both levers to their
lowest position, or vice versa, for skipping from 8 to 1, all as indicated by the
positions of the cranks 61, 62, 63, and levers A, B, in the diagrams in Figures 13
to 20, in which the positions of the levers are numbered 1 to 8, corresponding with
the numbers of the boxes in a line with the race in Figures 11 and 12.
Although this new or improved check box mechanism has so far only been
described as actuated by the ordinary pattern card k and chain barrel K with a
separate rest lever L, L', for each crank, eccentric, or can action, and reciprocating
fulcrum of the levers A, B, it is also capable of being similarly actuated by the
large screw and other pattern barrels 11 heretofore in use for other check motions,
as shown in Figures 21 and 22, on Sheet 2, with pins C or holes 12 for each double
shot or pick of the pattern through a very simple, new, or improved arrangement
of two or three additional double armed pattern levers D, D', carried on one
. fulcrum or centre d of the ordinary screw traversing or rest lever 13 of these pattern
barrels 11; that is, two levers D, D¹, for a four shuttle box loom, and three levers
for an eight shuttle box loom. The one arm D¹ of these levers D, D¹, rests over
the helical path of the pin holes 12, so as to be actuated by special new forms of
headed pins C with steps arranged according to the number of levers employed,
giving two positions of each lever D, D', the other end D of the levers each acting
on long-tilting-bar crank levers E, the whole length of the pattern barrel 11, so as
to tilt these levers E either into or out of action according to the two positions of
its corresponding actuating double armed pattern lever D, D', given to it by the
pins C.
Each crank bar lever E would bring its respective hook 10 and

page_text: crank 1, 6, 6, (eccentric or cam) into action at the proper time, controlled by
its pin C, so that this improved form of pins C would only require to be introduced
when a shift of these cranks and of the shuttle box has to be effected.
Thus for an eight shuttle box loom only five forms of pins C, as shown detached
in elevation and plan in Figures 23, 23a, 24, 25, 25a, 26, and 27, on Sheet 2, would.
be required, and these only requiring to be inserted as stated, where the change
had to take place, would make a great saving in the expense of the number of pins
required and in the labour of inserting them in the barrel 11 for every new pattern.
Although the number of holes 12 in the barrel 11 would have to be the same as
usual, and the barrel turned for each hole 12, and double pick of weft in the
pattern, and the rest screw lever 13 carrying the new pattern levers D, D¹, would
still require to act as heretofore in reversing the action and pattern in the case of
"cheek" patterns.
In the foregoing improved arrangement of check loom pattern barrel 11 with a
single set of stepped pattern pins C, and a corresponding set of pressing pattern
levers D, D¹, carried on a centre d on one side of the screw traversing lever 13,
any single reversible check pattern may be woven, which the barrel will take on
in pins throughout its length, by the action of a special reversing pin 14 at each
end of the pattern, which will tilt the reversing tappets 15 and crank bar 16,
which reverses the ratchet pawls 17, 18, which turn the barrel and screw spindle 13',
carrying the traversing lever 13 and the differential pattern levers D, D¹, so that
they traverse to and fro across over the scroll of the pattern pins C without change
or stoppage, as indicated more particularly in Figures 11 and 12.
But for working "cheek" patterns (which will not reverse as in the former
arrangement) there must be two sets of pattern pins C set in the barrel, the second
set to act when the barrel is turned in the reverse or back direction, with a second
set of the pattern or pushing levers D, D¹, working on them, while the screw
traversing lever 13 is being carried back to its first forward working position with
the first set of differential pattern or pressing levers D, D¹, ready to begin their next
forward traverse over the first set of pattern pins C. One means of carrying out
this arrangement consists in mounting the two sets of pattern levers D, D¹, on
studs d, projecting longitudinally from slides d', working angularly and laterally
in guides du, formed each on the opposite ends of a small traversing frame or
carriage d², formed on or secured to the lower end of the screw traversing lever 13,
which is guided in its reciprocating motion across the pattern barrel by a bar 13"
set parallel to this and its traversing screw spindle 13'. These slides a¹ being
connected by a short longitudinal equally armed beam lever d³, fulcrumed on a
stud d¹ secured in the centre between them on the screw traversing slide frame
and lever 13, so that when the said lateral end slide d¹¹ and its end of the con-
necting beam lever d³ is moved up and out from the barrel, this motion takes the
one set of pattern levers D, D¹, quite out of action on the heads of their pattern
pins C and their crank spindle E, and at the same time puts the other set of pattern
levers D, D', down into action with their pattern pins C, and their other ends D in
action with their crank spindles E, which they move to control the action of the
actual shuttle box moving mechanisin to bring the proper shuttle box into picking
position in accordance with the pattern, as shown in the detached side and end
views, Figures 28 and 29.
This changing or traversing of the pattern levers D, D', takes place at the end of
the traverse of each set of levers over the whole of their pattern pins C, to bring
the other set into action with and traverse back over their set of pattern pins C
alternately and respectively as the screw traverse lever 13', with its carriage d²,
reaches the end of its traverse to and fro, and stopped and reversed in its said
action by the ordinary reversing pin 14 secured in one of the ordinary pattern
pin holes of the barrel at the end of each set of pattern pins C. These reversing
pins 14, in this case, strike a head d' on the end of a lateral sliding bar d³ or other
equivalent carried on the carriage d² of the two sets of pattern levers D, D', and is
so connected at the other end by a gab d or other suitable connection as to tilt

page_text: the reversing crank spindle 16, which, by the ordinary connections with the ratchet
moving pawls 17, 18, of the pattern barrel 11, reverse it; the same motion of this
reversing slide bar d by an inclined or curved cam slot d' through it, and a pin d
working in this on one of the lateral slides d¹¹ carrying the pattern levers D, D',
raises the one slide and disengages its set of pattern levers D, DI, and depresses
the other slide d" and engages its set of levers D, D', through their connecting
beam lever d³, all substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before
described of working a "cheek" pattern in a continuous manner during the reverse
motion of the pattern barrel 11, and corresponding reverse traverse of the pattern
levers D, D¹, across it and their respective pattern pins C.
The new forms of headed pins C fitted in the barrel 11, in the arrangement
shown in Figures 21 and 22, act on the pattern lever or levers D, D¹, which are
opposite the raised step C₁ through the tail pieces D of these levers, which in turn
act on their respective tilting bars or crank levers E to arms e, on which are
attached the connecting rods or wires 1, 12, jointed direct at their other ends to the
locking levers M, which lock or release the hook levers N, N', and hooks 10.
These locking levers M may either be arranged as shown in Figures 1 and 2, or as
shown in Figures 11 and 12.
In Figures 11 and 12 a modified arrangement of this mode of actuating the
locking levers and hook bars 10 is shown, in which a long tail lever M' is fixed to
each of the three locking levers M, and are acted on or depressed to release the
hook levers N, N¹, by means of an oscillating quadrant F, in which slots or
openings F' are cut, corresponding to the lower part of the stepped pins C. shown
in Figures 23 to 27, and the solid part corresponding to the raised steps C¹, this
quadrant F being brought over the tail levers M' by the ordinary pattern levers 13
and barrel 11, with different heights of pins 12' for each shuttle box.
The oscillating quadrant F, which is shown detached in side elevation and plan
in Figures 30 and 31, is carried on a centre pin f on the ratchet lever 19, and is
formed with a lower arm F2 connected by a rod or wire Fs to the upper end of an
oscillating lever F centred at F3 on the side of the loom, and connected by a rod
and bracket F to the ordinary crosshead 21, against which the pattern levers 13
bear. The action of the pin 121 of different heights on the pattern rest levers 13
is thus communicated through the crosshead 21 and rods and levers F, F, F³, to
the quadrant F to bring the part or transverse row of holes and solid parts of the
quadrant corresponding to the different heights of pins in the barrel 11, and also
corresponding to the lower parts and raised steps of the stepped pins C, in
Figures 21 to 27, over the tail levers M³ to lock or release the hook levers N, N',
by meams of the pin m² and catch m³, and thereby bring the corresponding
hooks 10 to act on the tappets or pins 9 on their wheels P1, P2, or P³, actuating the
pinions and cranks of the differential moved fulcrum levers A, B*, to bring the
desired shuttle box in line with the race.
The quadrant F, being centred on the ratchet lever 19, rises and falls with it
when the latter is acted on by the cam 20 on the second motion shaft Z", which
also actuates the ratchet pawls 17, 18, of the ratchet wheels 171, 181, to turn the
barrel 11, and the depression of the quadrant presses down the particular tail
levers M' which are opposite solid parts of the quadrant F, and leaves those tail
levers M¹, which are opposite holes in the quadrant fixed, and the others ready to
be acted on by their cams Z. The differential moved fulcrum levers A, B*, are
guided, as in the former arrangement of levers A, B, by means of a lever A*
centred on the side of the loom, and jointed at the forward end a to the differential
lever A. This lever A* has a small grooved quadrant Q fixed or formed on it, into
the groove of which a sliding friction V piece or block Q fits, and is pressed into
the groove to act as a brake by means of a lever Q2, to which is attached a strong
spring Q fixed at its end to the loom framing Z. This lever Q2 is centred on a
stud q in the side of the loom, and has another arm Q3 which is pressed back by
a small cam Z³ on the second motion shaft Z1 to relieve the pressure of the spring
arm Q² on the brake piece Q1 every time the differential levers A, B*, have to

page_text: move from one position to another, in accordance with the pattern. A small
weaker spring Q³, attached at one end to the loom framing and at the other to the
V breake piece or block Q', is also provided to keep a gentle pressure of the brake
on the quadrant Q to steady the lever A*, A, and B.
The weight of the spear 2¹ and shuttle boxes 2 is balanced by means of a powerful
spring S attached to the loom framing and to a short lever arm S¹ on the lever A*
at its oscillating centre, thus tending to raise the front end a of this lever carrying
the spear 21.
A further improvement has reference to the application of certain new fittings
to the said ordinary screw pattern barrels 11 of vertical or drop shuttle box check
looms, in which helical or annular rows of pin holes 12 and pins 12' of different
heights in them, shown very fully at 11 and 12 in Figures 11 and 12 on Sheet 2,
and which pins are used round its circumferential web to push out the differentially
moved rest or pattern lever or levers 13 by the raised (or A shaped) angled pro-
jection 13× on it, so as to move or control the parts of the actual shuttle box
moving mechanism of the loom to bring the particular shuttle into action at the
proper time to suit the pattern, all in a more simple manner than heretofore, and
with far fewer pins and consequent saving of time in setting a set of pins for each
new pattern or change of pattern, which heretofore required nearly a pin for every
double or single shot of weft in the pattern, but which by these improvements will
only require a pin for each change of shuttle box and weft in the pattern.
The nature of these improved fittings consists in having a set height of pins
for each shuttle box, and a normal position of the before mentioned pattern lever 13,
which is traversed, as usual, on its oscillating eye and scroll or spindle 13', longi-
tudinally across the face and path of the raised heads of the pattern pins 12.
Figures 32 and 33 on Sheet two are an elevation and plan respectively of
sufficient of an ordinary screw pattern barrel mechanism, as fitted with these
improvements, to make their nature and the mode of applying the same quite
understood.
Referring to Figures 32 and 33, these improvements consists in fitting or forming
the pattern or rest retaining lever or levers 13h each in two parts, that is, with the
upper part 13 formed much as usual, traversed on its screw spindle, and having
the raised bearing part 13* at its lower end pushed out from the barrel 11 to the
extent of the particular height of the pin 12' acting on it for the time being, but
having another long arm h jointed to the former 13 at h¹, preferably at one side
near their upper ends (or it might be on the same spindle 13¹) so as to traverse
with its upper part or arm 13, but both so connected by a bearing, rest, or
adjustable screw pin h¹¹ in either part at the back on the other as to form a stop
joint or hinge, and be pushed out from the barrel to a uniform distance or position
for each height of pin 12', for each shuttle box 1 to 8 in the set, against the power
of the usual back pressing bar lever 22 and spring 23, seen particularly in
Figure 12. The lower end of this long loose jointed arm h of this lever 13h sets
and determines (in the same manner as that of the former ordinary long solid
lever 13 did) the position of the pushing or bearing crosshead or bar 21 and its
reciprocating rod 21¹ of the ordinary or particular check shuttle box moving
mechanism in use, to bring the particular box and shuttle required for each shift
through the bell crank or other equivalent attached to the rod 21'.
But the new form of joint of this lever 13h allows it, after each pin 12' has
passed the raised bearing or pressing out part 13* of the upper arm 13 of the lever,
to fall into its normal position, resting on or nearly touching the barrel between or
where there are no pins retained by a bearing or cross bar, as at 25, ready for the
next shift, and which is a new position of this pattern lever 13h peculiar to this
new arrangement, and corresponds to the position of no particular shuttle box, but
allows the weaving to go on for as many double shots of weft as required, with the
last shuttle box and pin shifted, as long as there is no pin in the path of the pattern
lever 13h, there being, as before stated, a regular set and height of pins 121 for each
shuttle box or shaft thereof, only required to be inserted into the holes 12 of the

page_text: pattern barrel 11. The rod 211, reciprocated by the long arm h of this improved
duplex lever. 13h (or it might be the lever itself), is first locked after each shift, and
unlocked just before a shift has to take place by a further improved arrangement
of mechanism.
This consists of a long light spindle i cranked throughout its length, and set to
oscillate in journals and bearings parallel to the traverse of the pattern lever 13
or 13h, so that an inclined projection ; on the outer end of a lateral arm j', secured
to a lower part of the arm or lever 13, tilts or turns the crank spindle i by the first
part of the motion of the lever 13 and each pattern pin 12 as it comes round before
it moves the position of the lower end of the long arm h of the lever 13h. This
motion of the crank spindle i also by a crank and rod i connected to the crank i³
at one end of an arrangement of a long horizontal oscillating spindle I, with a
vertical lateral acting lever I¹ on its other end, carrying a stop pin I" at the top
working through an opening in a pawl or catch locking lever J, the front end J' of
which takes into a notched block J" on the sliding bar 21¹ of the shuttle box
moving mechanism.
This locking lever J is fulcrumed or jointed loose on the stud centre J* of the
double reverse armed lever J2, J³, the front arm J2 of which works up through a
recess in the catch lever J, J', while the other end J³ is reciprocated by the
connecting rod J4 by a crank pin Js on the extreme end of the second motion
shaft Z each double pick or double shot of weft, and so raises the locking
lever J, J', out of its notches J", which are equally divided so as to hold the
bar 21 in the position it is set to bring the respective shuttle boxes into action. This
locking lever J, J¹, is only raised or unlocked when the pin I¹¹ is shifted laterally
through the recess in it over the arm J2 of the lever J2, J³, by each pattern pin 12¹
acting on the lever 13h, transmitting its motion through the arm j, crank spindle i,
and rods and levers 2, 3, and spindle I, II, and again lock the bar 211 before
the moving of the shuttle boxes; while as each acting pattern pin passes the raised
angular or pressing part 13× of the pattern lever 13h, this falls into its said normal
position close to the barrel ready for the next shift, and allows the pushing pin I"
of the locking lever to fall out of its actuating position on the arm J2 of the
lever J, J³, also, and leaves the locker J, J¹, in action, until the next shift of the
pattern lever 13h and shuttle box is required.
These improvements, Figures 21 to 33, are susceptible of considerable modification
to suit particular patterns and pattern barrels, as, for plain reversible patterns, with
one duplex pattern lever 13 or 13h as described is quite sufficient, the lever being
traversed back and forward on its spindle at each end of the pattern helix of pins, by
a reversing pin 14 and pawl mechanism 17 and 18 turning the barrel 11 in reverse
directions. But for "cheek" patterns, which will not reverse, two such duplex
pattern levers 13 or 13h must be used, one for traversing in each reversed direction
over a set of pattern pius of its own, the one lever being thrown out of action
while the other is working.
And other modifications of lever arrangements for transmitting the motion from
the tilting or oscillating long crank spindle i and I may be used for causing the
locking and unlocking of the reciprocating bar 21, 21', of the positive shuttle box
moving mechanism.
Although cranks or eccentrics actuated on separate centres by toothed pinions,
geared into wheels with tappets turned on a first or common stationary axis by
drawing hooks actuated intermittently by and in accordance with the pattern
mechanism, all as have heretofore been employed for primarily moving and con-
trolling other arrangements of check shuttle box mechanism have been described,
it is to be understood that the said eccentric motions may be obtained by positive
acting grooved cams and pins with anti-friction rollers working in these grooves,
and either attached directly or connected by a link or lever to the fulcrum it has
to move of the said new or improved arrangement of lever mechanism.
Outside rimmed cams might also be used with the required raised or greater
eccentricity on the one side and corresponding depression on the other, with studs

page_text: and anti-friction rollers working on these surfaces secured on a forked arm, beam, or
other equivalent lever, having the other arm linked to the respective fulcrum of
the lever which it has to move, all as described in reference to the cranks.
This arm of the lever, when employed, might have adjustable slote to fix the
joint pins in true position for giving the exact throw or motion to the lever
required. This positive motion arrangement may have one of its forked arms
hinged and connected to the other by a strong spring, more powerful than the force
required to move the shuttle box levers, but which would yield to prevent breakage
in the case of a shuttle or other obstruction preventing the box from being
reciprocated by the cams; and in the case of using the cranks, eccentrics, or
grooved cams, then any of the ordinary connections for preventing breakage may
be employed, such as a strong spring connecting these with their fulcra or the spear
rod with its shuttle box lever.
As an alternate arrangement for turning the respective crank or eccentric axis
for reciprocating the different fulcra of the new arrangement of lever shuttle box
moving mechanism instead of the geared wheels and pinions hereinbefore described,
this might be done by a loose polygonal or other barrel turned by a chain with or
without the said hooks in one direction against the power of a spring, which would
bring the barrel back to its normal position. The barrel has a catch or pawl on it,
which would take into two cams or catches on the crank or its axis and turn this
half a revolution in the same direction each time it is actuated.
Having thus particularly described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be performed, we have to state that we do not
restrict ourselves to the precise details herein described or delineated, but what we
believe to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us
by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The general construction or combination of the parts of positive motion
check shuttle box moving mechanism with a differentially moved fulcrum lever A,
or levers A, B, and A, B, and their positive moving and retaining cranks b', 62, 63,
or equivalent eccentrics or cams, and their pinions p¹, p², ps, and wheels P1, P2, P3,
and pawls 10, all substantially as and for the purposes described in reference to a
two to four shuttle box loom, or of a two to eight respectively (whether actuated
by an ordinary pattern chain of cards and barrel k, K, or a helical pin pattern
barrel 11 and 12, or equivalent pattern mechanism, and as shown in Figures 1
to 10 on Sheet 1, or 11 to 33 on Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings, or
any mere modification thereof, all the new parts being indicated by letters and the
old parts by numerals.
Second. The construction or combination, application, and use in check multiple
shuttle box looms with shuttle boxes of from two to eight, of a single or double
arrangement of levers A, A, B, and A, B*, carried and actuated on differentially
moving fulcra, either actuated by crank studs or pins b', 62, and 6³, or equivalent
eccentrics, or it might be cams, substantially as herein described in reference to the
accompanying Drawings.
Third. The construction or combination and application of an improved
arrangement of tilting levers D, D', carried on the pattern or differentially shifted
lever 13, traversed over the pattern barrels with improved lateral stepped
pins C, C, and their locking connections 12, M, substantially as described in
reference to Figures 21 to 28, or the equivalent segmental locking arrangement F, F,
with recesses and stopped surfaces, acting on the levers M' for different heights of
pattern pins, as described in reference to Figures 11 and 12 and Figures 30 and 31,
or any mere modification of these, all for controlling the action of the actual or
positive shuttle box moving mechanism of check looins, and only requiring one pair
for each change of shuttle boxes in the pattern.
Fourth. The construction or combination and application of an improved
arrangement of duplex jointed rest lever 13h, for traversing across the pattern
barrels, with pins 12¹ of different heights, and the locking connections indicated by
the letters i, I, J, J¹, to J6, for controlling the action of the actual or positive
B

page_text: shuttle box moving mechanism of power looms, and only requiring one pin for each
change of the shuttle boxes in the patterns, all substantially as described in
reference to and shown in Figures 32 and 33 of the accompanying Drawings, or
any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, we, the said Peter Young and John Mathieson, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
W. R. M. THOMSON,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
PETER YOUNG.
(L.S.)
JOHN MATHIESON. (L.S.)