Improvements in Lamps.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 25th July, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
We, CARL FABRICIUS and FRANZ WLACH Manufacturers, of 13 Lorbeergasse
Vienna Austria, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements in hydro-carbon oil lamps consists in fitting in the burner
tube of a lamp a peculiar device which will absorb the oil furnished thereto by the
wick placed as usual in the lamp reservoir, and supply the same to a burner of
any suitable construction surrounded by a heater.
This device consists of a tube terminated below with an extension made of fine
asbestos wool, while the tube proper is formed by winding 'asbestos wool upon a
perforated sheet iron cylinder.
The lamp consists of an oil reservoir filled with oil through an opening formed
in the side of the lamp and containing a wick extending upwards into the neck of
the lamp in contact with the extension of the device aforesaid. The neck of the
lamp is formed integrally with the outer casing of the burner tube which consists
of two transverse bars. This outer casing is heated by a special device consisting
of a handle carrying at one end a split ring of asbestos furnished with two curved
bars at its open ends, whereby it may be conveniently placed over the said outer
casing in order to heat the latter, after having been first immersed in a box con-
taining any suitable kind of spirits. When this casing is sufficiently heated the
burner is ignited by the heating device.
Dated this 26th day of October 1891.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
We, CARL FABRICIUS, and FRANZ WLACH, Manufacturers, of 13 Lorbeergasse,
Vienna, Austria, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of lamps for burning
volatile hydrocarbons which improvements have mainly for their object to prevent
the hydrocarbon vapours, which are abundantly generated by our improved lamp,
from returning into the oil reservoir and becoming compressed therein as has
occured hitherto in the generality of hydrocarbon oil lamps, and to compel these
vapours to ascend through the burner tube in order to be consumed at the burner,
and produce a continuous flame of high intensity.
The vapours are subject to a resistance on account of the burner slot being
tightly closed by pressing together the lateral jaws so that the vapours can only
discharge under a definite pressure at the point where they are forced through
the slot so that there results a continuous uniform flame like a bat's wing flame.
The compressed slot has also for its object to prevent the decreasing and
extinguishing of the flame caused by the flowing back of the vapours in the lower.
reservoir.
This device consists of a tube terminating below in a separate extension, made of
fine asbestos wool, while the tube proper is formed by winding asbestos wool проп
perforated sheet iron tube. The lamp consists of an oil reservoir filled with oil
through an opening formed in the side of the lamp and containing a wick extending

page_text: upward into the neck of the lamp-so as to come into contact with the extension of
the device aforesaid. The neck of the lamp is formed integrally with the outer
casing or burner tube which is surmounted by a light intensifying device consisting
of two transverse bars. This outer casing is heated by a special device consisting
of a handle carrying at one end a split ring of asbestos furnished with two curved
arms at its open end, whereby it may be conveniently placed over the said outer
casing in order to heat the latter after having been first immersed in a box con-
taining any suitable kind of spirit. When this casing tube is sufficiently heated
the burner is ignited by the heating device.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of our improved hydrocarbon lamp.
Fig. 2 is a view of the heating and igniting device.
Fig. 3 is a view of the top of the burner tube of the lamp.
Fig. 4 represents (broken) the intensifying tube or heat preserver.
Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a modification.
Fig. 6 is a similar view at an angle of 90 degrees.
We will now describe the modification represented in Figs. 1 to 4.
Our improved
lamp consists of an oil reservoir A. provided on one side with an opening a¹ closed
by a screw plug a and in the neck D¹ of which is placed the extension of the
asbestos device C aforesaid, while its tubular part extends within the burner
tube D surmounted by the two cross bars g¹ g¹ forming a light intensifying device
on each side of the burner g which is arranged centrally as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.
The burner g is provided with a capillary narrow slot in such a manner that the
jaws touch each other when the lamp is not used, but yield when the lamp is used,
under a distinct pressure of the vapours, and form an exceedingly narrow slot, so
that the vapours can only discharge under a certain pressure.
:
The tubular part of the asbestos device or wick consists of a perforated sheet
iron or wire gauze tube d over which is wound a layer of asbestos wool c; B is the
wick extending upwards as far as the lower end of the asbestos felt socket C. The
heating and igniting device E (Figs. 1 and 2) consists of a handle carrying a split
ring formed of asbestos wool and provided at its open end with two curved arms
arranged to facilitate its being placed over the burner tube D. This device is
immersed in a box filled with spirit of any suitable kind and tightly closed with a
cover. The lamp reservoir A having been filled with any suitable hydrocarbon oil
through the opening a'. The screw cap a is placed in the latter and the heating
device E is withdrawn from the box aforesaid, ignited and pushed over the base of
the burner tube as shown in Fig. 1. After a lapse of time the burner tube having
become sufficiently hot, the heating device E is withdrawn and placed in contact
with the burner g so as to set the lamp alight.
After a short space of time the flame assumes the shape shown in Fig. 3
resembling a gas flame and soon acquires a very high intensity and illuminating
power. When the lamp requires to be extinguished, it can be blown out or put
out by means of any suitable cap h which when the lamp is in use may be placed
over the plug a' as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. In case of any accumulation
of hydrocarbon vapours in the oil reservoir, the same 'would escape into the
atmosphere through the small tubular passage a formed in the centre of the plug a¹.
We may also enclose the burner tube in an outer casing D' (see Figs. 1 and 4)
acting as a jacket to prevent loss of heat.
In the modification represented in Figs. 5 and 6 we employ instead of a slot-cap
burner g a tubular burner g'. The tube D has at its top a small opening 'd' through
which the vapours rise, passing through the small chamber d² and entering the
open end of the horizontal burner tube 9 and discharging through a very fine
slot g* (made at right angles to the axis of the tube) where they are ignited. The
rear extremity of the small tube is closed by a curved wire g. The same
serves on the one hand to operate the small tube g³, and on the other hand to adjust
it into the correct position by causing the upper extremity go to engage with'a-höb
of the rib g', so that the slot is always situated on the upper side. The part or
-

page_text: extremity o³ has also a smaller section than the other part of the wire so as to form
a shoulder to prevent the small tube g³ from being inserted too far. 9° 9° are air
holes for the passage of combustion air. From the top of the tube D a solid
part D' extends into the interior to accumulate heat and to serve as radiator to
effect an increased evaporation of the hydrocarbons.
In order also to burn the escaping vapors produced or generated in the oil
reservoir A and thus to prevent all bad odours, we provide the tube E connected at
its top to the elbow tube E', the latter having also a capillary cross slot through
which the generated vapours can pass and be burned. In order to prevent the
complete filling of the lamp reservoir A, the plug a is screwed into a small elbow-
tube a, so that when filling the lamp must be held inclined whereby a complete
filling is prevented.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In hydro carbon oil lamps the application of a burner wick, consisting of
two parts Cc; the former being a compressed layer or felt of fine asbestos wool,
while the latter consists of a tube of perforated sheet iron or of wire gauze over
which is wound a loose layer of asbestos, substantially as and for the purposes
herein described.
2. In a hydro carbon oil lamp the application of a vapor burner consisting of a
slot burner, the jaws of which touch each other when the lamp is not in use, but
which yield so as to form a very narrow slot between them when the vapors have
attained a certain pressure, substantially as and for the purposes described.
3. In hydrocarbon oil lamps, the combination of a horizontal tubular burner g³
into which the vapours enter at the open front extremity and are discharged
through a fine cross slot g³; such burner tube being adjusted and held in a
definite position by a wire g* the curved extremity of which engages with a hole of
the rib g, as set forth.
4. In a hydrocarbon vapor burner the application of a lateral small tube E with
an elbow tube E' having a fine cross slot for burning the vapors generated in the
oil reservoir A, substantially as described.
5. In hydrocarbon oil lamps constructing the filling orifice with a bent or elbow
tube closed by the screw plug a for preventing the complete filling of the reservoir,
substantially as described.
Dated L 1
TI 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.