Improvements in Setting the Teeth of Card Fillets.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 21st Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Setting the Teeth of Card Fillets.
I, ERNST GESSNER, of Aue, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Machine Builder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The present invention relates to the setting of the teeth of card fillets in rows at
such an angle to the length of the fillet, that when the fillet is wound spirally on a
roller the transverse rows of the teeth shall be parallel to the axis of said roller, the
angle at which the rows are set of course varying according to the diameter of the
roller and the width of the fillet or the pitch of the spiral.
The advantage of my invention resides chiefly in its simplicity and in the fact
that any system of card setting machinery or any card setting machine now in use
can easily be arranged for producing such "angle set cards" without much difficulty
and with but little alteration.
I carry out my invention by bringing the fillet into another direction within the
machine, which is accomplished by bending the fillet in the direction of its width
after it has entered the machine through the feed rolls, so that it will be presented
obliquely to the setting mechanism so as to cause the rows of teeth to be set at the
angle desired.
In the ordinary card setting machines, the fillet is conveyed through the machine
as the setting of the teeth proceeds, by continuous pull of a weight controlled by
the intermittent movement of the feed rolls; and such is also the case in carrying
out my invention, the fillet being however conducted through an adjustable guiding-
device whereby it is bent in the direction of its width at an obtuse angle so as to be
deflected laterally from the original direction given to it by the feed apparatus and
be caused to pass through the setting mechanism in an oblique direction.
The feed apparatus of an ordinary card-setting machine generally consists of a
pair of rolls arranged parallel to the setting mechanism; it will make no difference
in carrying out my invention if these rolls are arranged in a position which is not
parallel to the setting mechanism.
In card clothings which are to be wound on rollers of great diameter as for
instance on the main cylinder of a carding engine, the angle of the rows of teeth to
the length of the fillet differs very little from the usual position and consequently
the direction in which the fillet is to be passed through the machine deviates but
little from a straight line so that but little lateral bending of the fillet is required.
Fillets to be wound on rollers of small diameter as for instance clearers or feed rolls,
require to have the rows of teeth set more obliquely to the length of the fillet and
consequently the fillet must be bent or deflected to a corresponding greater extent.
In thus deflecting the fillet laterally or in the direction of its width is subjected
to a certain strain at the convex edge while the concave edge of the fillet becomes
slack so as to deviate from its plane. When a considerable bending of the fillet
takes place, an adjustable device is employed for equalizing the tension of the fillet
across the bend consisting of a roller or curved bar arranged across the bend or
angle in an oblique direction with regard to the plane of the fillet so as to take up
the slackness at the inner edge of the bend. The same result can be accomplished
by two feed rolls of special shape, the said rolls pressing or squeezing the fillet in
such a manner as to curve it out of its plane on one side whereby the fillet is forced
to assume a laterally-deflected direction or is bent in the direction of its width so as
to pass obliquely through the setting mechanism. All devices for bending the fillet
in the direction of its width are rendered adjustable, or they may be replaced by
others of suitable form according to the angle at which the rows of teeth are
to be set.

page_text: Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, wherein I have illustrated several examples of the devices for carrying
my invention into effect. In all these figures, the same letters of reference indicate
similar parts.
R is the feed apparatus as a part of a card-setting machine; B is the fillet in
which the teeth are to be set; O is the place at which the fillet is bent at an angle
in the direction of its width; and the broken line a-b indicates the line of operation
of the setting mechanism.
In Figure 1, the device for bending the fillet is arranged above the setting
mechanism. The fillet B has a weight G attached to its end by which it is drawn
over a guide roller L supported by an inclined slotted bar S' so that the guide roll
is hung on an inclined axis and may be adjusted at different points along the bar by
a bolt and nuts according to the angle at which it is required to guide the fillet,
which is thus bent more or less in the direction of its width at the point O after
leaving the feed rolls R and is drawn obliquely through the setting mechanism
whereby the teeth are set in rows obliquely to the length of the fillet. In order to
ensure the proper guiding of the fillet and prevent any deviation from its oblique
direction while being presented to the setting mechanism, two adjustable guides F
and Fare employed, one just above the feed rolls R and the other by the setting
mechanism, for the fillet to pass through.
In Figure 2, the axis of guide roll L is horizontal and the fillet is drawn between
the adjustable guides F whereby the fillet is bent twice in its own plane, firstly at
the line O after leaving the feed rolls R and secondly at O' after having passed the
setting mechanism.
In Figure 3, there are four adjustable guide bolts or guide rolls W, W', W2, W³,
employed for the same purpose, the fillet being drawn over the guide roll Las
before described. In passing between the said bolts or rolls, the fillet is also bent
twice in the direction of its width, firstly at O before entering the setting mechanism
and then at O' after having passed the same. The guide roll L may be arranged
and mounted in the same manner as shewn in Figure 1 so as to allow of altering its
position and a guide bar F as described in Figure 1 may be employed in combina-
tion with the guide bolts W.
In Figure 4, the lateral bending of the fillet is accomplished by the guide bars F
and adjustable guide roll W. The fillet is first bent in its own plane at the point O
so as to pass through the setting mechanism in an oblique direction and at the
point O¹ it receives a quarter twist and is brought into another plane perpendicular
to the first by the roller W.
In Figure 5 a roller W, and in Figure 6 a guide bar M, is employed for the
purpose of assisting the bending of the fillet in the direction of its width and at the
same time rendering uniform the tension of the two edges of the fillet at the point
where it is bent. Both the roller W and the bar M are movable and may be
arranged at different angles to the original direction, and to the plane of the fillet
according to the degree of obliquity required. The bar M may be formed with a
curved face at one end gradually running off to a flat surface at its other end so as
to accomodate itself to the tension of the fillet across the bend, the curved face of
the bar taking up the slack by causing the fillet to deviate from its plane at the
concave edge.
Figure 7 shews the front view of a feed apparatus consisting of a feed re!! R and
a cap piece or shell D pressing against the feed roll, the fillet B passing between
them.
Figures 8 and 9 are transverse sections on lines and r r respectively of
Figure 7 from which it will be seen that the cap piece D is curved concavely at
one end D' so as to embrace a certain part of the circumference of the feed roll R
and is plane or flat at its other end D' so that the fillet, being caused to embrace a
greater portion of the circumference of the roller R, is gradually bent out of its
plane towards one edge and is consequently forced to deviate from its original path
or form an angle in the direction of its width. In order to vary this lateral angle

page_text: of the fillet, the cap piece D would be replaced by another embracing a greater or
less portion of the circumference of the feed roller at one end, as the case
may be.
Figure 10 shews the front view, and Figures 11 and 12 transverse sections (on
lines and rr respectively of Figure 10) of a pair of feed rolls R in which the
lateral deviation of the fillet is due to the particular shape of the feed rollers them-
selves, the said rollers being for this purpose made cylindrical on one end R',
as shewn in Figure 12, and fluted or having the form of teeth at the other end R',
as shewn in Figure 11, the one form being gradually merged into the other. The
effect of the flutes or corrugations at the end R', like that of the curved ends of the
guides M and D in Figures 6 and 7, is to take up the fillet in the direction of its
length at one edge by causing it to deviate locally from its plane and consequently
to cause it to deviate or make an angle in the direction of its width.
Figure 13 shews part of a roller with a fillet B wound spirally upon it, illustrating
The line b b illustrates the
both the old and new method of setting the card teeth.
oblique position with regard to the axis of the roller which a row of card teeth set
in the old way at right angles to the length of the fillet would occupy when the
fillet is wound upon the roller, and the line a a shews the longitudinal position
parallel to the roller axis which a row of teeth set by the new method obliquely to
the length of the fillet would occupy under the same conditions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improvement in setting card teeth in fillets, which consists in bending the
fillet in the direction of its width within the machine so that the fillet is presented
to the setting mechanism in such wise that the rows of teeth are set in the fillet in
an oblique direction to its length, substantially as described for the purpose
specified.