IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC TRANSMITTING, RECEIVING, AND CALL APPARATUS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Franklin Bailey, of New York City, in the
United States of America, at present residing at the Grand Hotel, Paris, in
the Republic of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC
TRANSMITTING, RECEIVING, AND CALL APPARATUS.” A communication from
Louis Victor Mandroux, of 71, Rue Caumartin, Paris, in the Republic of
France.
Sealed the 20th December 1878, and dated the 8th October 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joshua Franklin Bailey at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th October 1878.
JOSHUA FRANKLIN BAILEY, of New York City, in the United States of America,
at present residing at the Grand Hotel, Paris, in the Republic of France. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC TRANSMITTING, RECEIVING, AND CALL APPARATUS." [A
communication from Louis Victor Mandroux, of 71, Rue Caumartin, Paris, in the
Republic of France.]
This Invention has for its object improvements in telegraphic transmitting,
receiving, and call apparatus.
The instrument, the subject of this Specification, works without battery by
induction produced by the rapid separation of an armature from the poles of a
magnet. The instrument can serve both as a transmitter and a receiver, and it
contains two armatures, one of these is moved by the operator when it is desired
to produce an electric current in the line, and the other under the influence of
currents passing through the line makes a corresponding signal either by striking
upon a bell or otherwise. The same magnet and bobbins serve for both the
armatures.
In the annexed Drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus, and
Figures 2 and 3 are end elevations; in one of these Figures the principal armature
is omitted. The Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams showing different ways of coupling
the bobbins.

page_text: A permanent horse-shoe magnet A carries upon each of its branches A, A³, a
pair of bobbins B, B¹, of which the cores a, a, a', a', are in magnetic connection
with the magnet.
The four bobbins B, B, B¹, B¹, of this double system are connected electrically,
so that either they co-operate for the production of induced currents or for the
reception of the currents induced.
The ends of the bobbins are connected, the one to the line and the other to earth
or to the return wire, according to the arrangement adopted; or it may be to a
commutator, permitting of rapid passage from the use of the call to the use of a
telephone for transmitting and receiving voice sounds.
In front of the pole plates b, b¹, b¹, b¹, of the four bobbins a double armature
C, C, is arranged, it pivots at its lower end upon the axis c, and is worked by the
aid of the lever D and the finger key E. The approach and withdrawal of this
armature gives rise to induced currents of repulsion and attraction.
The receiving appliance consists of a tongue G, which is a light armature
pivotting on an elastic blade g, between the two lower pole plates of which it
magnetically forms part..
It plays between the two upper metallic plates; its play is limited by the copper
screws h, h, arranged in the thickness of the plates.
The alternate positive and negative currents passing through the bobbins
determine the oscillating movement of the little armature or tongue, and this dis-
placement may be utilized either to produce a call by the beating of the palette
upon the stop screws or by a small hammer striking upon the bell I.
The instrument thus arranged will also serve as a relay for telographic use
generally.
The connections between the bobbins are arranged in two different manners for
transmitting and receiving. For transmitting, the current should flow in the same
direction in the two upper bobbins; this is the case in the diagram, Figure 4;
whilst for receiving, the current should flow in opposite directions, as the 'diagram
Figure 5 indicates.
This change is effected by means of the commutator J, which effects the inversion
of the wires of one of the upper bobbins. The commutator is as usual composed
of two branches j, j, coming alternately into contact with the buttons l, m, n.
The movement of the commutator is made to accompany the movement of the
handle of the double armature, to which its key J is connected by a small arm K.
It will be observed that this apparatus has the advantage of obtaining within
very small dimensions an inductive intensity sufficient for a call, and for trans-
mission and reception, or for a relay.
The manner described above for displacing the armature is not essential; this
displacement may be obtained by means of a cain or eccentric worked by a crank.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joshua Franklin Bailey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th
April 1879.
JOSHUA FRANKLIN BAILEY, of New York City, in the United States of America,
at present residing at the Grand Hotel, Paris, in the Republic of France.
**IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC TRANSMITTING, RECEIVING, AND CALL APPARATUS."
A communication from Louis Victor Mandroux, of 71, Rue Caumartin, Paris, in
the Republic of France.
This Invention has for its object improvements in telegraphic transmitting,
receiving, and call apparatus.
The instrument, the subject of this Specification, works without battery by
induction produced by the rapid separation of an armature from the poles of a
magnet. The instrument can serve both as a transmitter and a receiver, and it
contains two armatures; one of these is moved by the operator when it is desired to
produce an electric current in the line, and the other under the influence of
currents passing through the line makes a corresponding signal either by striking
upon a bell or otherwise. The same magnet and bobbins serve for both these
armatures.
In the annexed Drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus, and
Figures 2 and 3 are end elevations; in one of these Figures the principal armature
is omitted. The Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams showing different ways of coupling
the bobbins.
A permanent horse-shoe magnet A carries upon each of its branches A, A¹, a pair
of bobbins B, B', of which the cores a, a, a¹, a', are in magnetic connection with
the magnet.
The four bobbins B, B, B¹, B', of this double system are connected electrically, so
that either they co-operate for the production of induced currents or for the
reception of the currents induced.
The ends of the bobbins are connected the one to the line and the other to earth
or to the return wire, according to arrangement adopted; or it may be to a com-
mutator, permitting of rapid passage from the use of the call to the use of a
telephone for transmitting and receiving voice sounds.
In front of the pole plates b, b, b', b', of the four bobbins a double armature C, C,
is arranged; it pivots at its lower end upon the axis c, and is worked by the aid of
the lever D and the finger key E. The approach and withdrawal of this armaturo
gives rise to induced currents of repulsion and attraction.
The receiving appliance consists of a tongue G, which is a light armature
pivotting on an elastic blade g, between the two lower pole plates of which it
magnetically forms part.
It plays between the two upper metallic plates; its play is limited by the copper
screws h, h, arranged in the thickness of the plates.
The alternate positive and negative currents passing through the bobbins
determine the oscillating movement of the little armature or tongue; and this
diplacement may be utilized either to produce a call by the beating of the palette
upon the stop screws or by a small hammer striking upon the bell I.
The instrument thus arranged will also serve as a relay for telegraphic use
generally.
The connections between the bobbins are arranged in two different manners for
transmitting and receiving. For transmitting, the current should flow in the same
direction in the two upper bobbins, this is the case in the diagram Figure 4,
whilst for receiving, the current should flow in opposite directions, as the diagram
Figure 5 indicates.
This change is effected by means of the commutator J, which effects the inversion

page_text: of the wires of one of the upper bobbins. The commutator is as usual.composed of
two branches j, j, coming alternately into contact with the buttons l, m, n.
The movement of the commutator is made to accompany the movement of the
handle of the double armature, to which its key J is connected by a small
arm K.
In place of employing a commutator changing the direction of the current in one
of the upper coils two of the coils at opposite corners may be put out of use when
receiving, and a magnetised receiving armature is then used mounted on a central
pivot, as in Figure 6.
It will be observed that this apparatus has the advantage of obtaining within
very small dimensions an inductive intensity sufficient for a call, and for trans-
mission and reception, or for a relay; the manner described above for displacing
the armature is not essential, this displacement may be obtained by means of a
cain or eccentric worked by a crank.
In some cases in order to reduce the space occupied by the instrument other
arrangements of the lever D and finger key or handle E are adopted, by which the
lever is brought either over or under the magnet.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The combination of permanent magnet bobbins and armatures available
both for transmitting and receiving, substantially as described.
Second. The combination of bobbins, armatures, and commutator, changing the
connections of the coils to adapt the instrument for transmitting or receiving, sub-
stantially as described.
Third. The telegraphic transmitting, receiving, and call apparatus, substantially
as described, and represented in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Franklin Bailey, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.