Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
I, MICHAEL HOLLRIEDER, of Lindvuimstrasse, 183/3, Munich, in the Empire
of Germany, Furnace Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
--
This invention relates to improvements in furnaces.
A great disadvantage of all furnaces is that when opening the fire, or ash pit
door, in order to remove the slag, the fire is driven backwards into the flue or
chimney in consequence of the draught created, consequently the unburnt com-
bustion gases also escape. This disadvantage is also produced in all those system
of furnaces which are provided with smoke consuming arrangements because the
latter are put out of operation as soon as the fire door is opened.
It has been tried to avoid this disadvantage by introducing steam into the
fire chamber at the moment of opening the fire door in order to hereby originate
hydrogen gas in the fire chamber which should then be burnt immediately,
whereby on account of the great heating power of the same, the smoke gases
should also be entirely burnt. These experiments, which are limited to hoii-
zontal furnace grates, proved unsuccessful, because, when opening the fire door
not only the fire with the gases but also the introduced steam were thrown back-
wards into the flue or chimney and consequently there was no buining of the
hydrogen gas, nor consumption of the smoke particles
The present invention based on the same principle and especially designed
for inclined furnace grates, in which the ash pit door has often to be opened
for the purpose of removing the slag or sting does away with all these in-
conveniences
This is arrived at by introducing the steam not at the moment of opening the
ash pit door, but before such opening By this means the formation of hydro-
gen gas and the burning of the same takes place before the ash pit door is
opened By the burning of the hydrogen gas the temperature in the fire cham-
ber is considerably augmented, so that a complete burning of the gases' and the
fuel particles is obtained If the ash pit door is now opened, the quantity of
air entering is not so great as to cause a draught towards the flue or chimney
as the flow of such entering air 19 very little as on the one hand it is hindered
by the augmented pressure caused by the formation and burning of the hydro-
gen gas, and on the other hand the fire chamber is entirely separated from the
room underneath the grate by the material lving on the giate and the cinders
and ashes underneath An air entrance can consequently only take place
between those grate bars between which the slag has just been taken away, or
where the fire has been stirred The quantity of air introduced hereby into the
fire chamber is so small that it does not have any effect when entering the air
chamber
The improved furnace is provided with two principal air channels arranged on
both sides of the fire door and fire chamber in the wall of the same and having

page_text: as many windings as possible so as to give length These channels lead eventu-
ally into a cross channel which 18 aanged in a tongue or projecting piece run-
ning parallel with the step grate and being connected with a cross channel of
the tongue by suitable channels, through the opening of this second cross chan-
nel the air, heated during its course, can entei into the fire chamber By the
arrangement of the tongue running pretty deep into the fire chamber and which
as mentioned before 18 lying parallel to the step grate a comparatively small
space between it and the former remains, the heated an flowing out of the
opening of the second channel is obliged to go through the glowing fuel lying
upon the step grate By this means the formation of air gas and consequently
an intense burning of all inflammable solid and gas like ingredients is obtained.
Moreover the arrangement 18 such that the heated air is not only conveyed by
the opening of the channel but also at the same time by little slits of the cross
channel and by an an channel arranged in the fire bridge. By this means a
great heating of the air effected in consequence of the long course which it has
to take in the principal channel and the arrangement of the tongue and the
channels arranged in the same immediately above the step giate. If the slag
is to be removed the furnace door 18 opened so that the air can enter into the
fire room It is clear, that on the one hand the air column passing though the
principal channel is considerably diminished and consequently also the forma-
tion of air gas, whilst on the other hand the air, coming in through the opening
of the door going upwards behind the step grate takes with it a quantity of un-
buint gas like combustibles, guiding them into the flur This would cause the
smoke sing from the chimney to appear sooty and black instead of white
In order that when removing the slag the smoke consumption may be effected
air and also water steam is introduced into the fire chamber according to the
above described principle which combining with the unburnt carbon, creates
hydrogen gas the burning of which cause great heat By this means the inflam-
mable gases developed in the fire chamber are entirely burnt so that the smoke
quitting the chimney has a white steamlike apearance
For this purpose steam conveying pipes are arranged in the cross channels of
the tongue and of the fire bridge provided with bongs, slits or nozzles directed
towards the file chamber Before the door is opened for removing the slag suit-
able steam cocks are opened, so that the steam can flow into the fine chamber
through the slits
The air channels surrounding these steam pipes serve not
only as mentioned hereabove for the au introduction, but also for protecting the
pipes against the effect of the great heat, produced by the burning gases.
Dated this 31st day of December 1898.
Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
I, MICHAEL HOLLRIEDER, of Lindvurmstrasse, 183/3, Munich, in the Empire
of Germany, Furnace Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in furnaces.
A great disadvantage of all furnaces is that when opening the fire, or ash pit
door in order to remove the slag, the fire is driven backwards into the flue or
chimney in consequence of the draught created, consequently the unburnt com-

page_text: bustion gases also escape This disadvantage is also produced in all those systems
of furnaces which are provided with smoke consuming aangements because the
latter are put out of operation as soon as the fire door is opened.
It has been tied to avoid this disadvantage by introducing steam into the
fire chamber at the moment of opening the fire door in order to thereby originate
hydrogen gas in the fire chamber which should then be burnt immediately,
and on account of the great heating power of the same, the smoke gases
should also be entuely buint These experiments, which are limited to hori-
zontal furnace grates, proved unsuccessful, because when opening the fire door
not only the file with the gases but also the introduced steam were thrown back-
waids into the flue or chimney and consequently there was no burning of the
hydrogen gas, nor consumption of the smoke particles.
The present invention based on the same principle and especially designed
for inclined furnace grates, in which the ash pit door has often to be opened
for the purpose of removing the slag or stirring does away with all these in-
conveniences
This 18 annived at by introducing the steam not at the moment of opening the
ash pit door, but before such opening. By this means the formation of hydro-
gen gas and the burning of the same takes place before the ash pit door is
opened. By the burning of the hydrogen gas the temperature in the fire cham-
ber is considerably augmented, so that a complete burning of the gases and the
fuel particles is obtained If the ash pit door is now opened, the quantity of
air entering is not so great as to cause a draught towards the flue or chimney,
as the flow of such entering air is very little as on the one hand it is hindered
by the augmented pressure caused by the formation and burning of the hydro-
gen gas, and on the other hand the fire chamber is entuely separated from the
space underneath the grate by the material lying on the grate and the cinders
and ashes underneath An an
entrance can consequently only take place
between those grate bars between which the slag has just been taken away, or
where the fire has been stirred The quantity of air introduced hereby into the
fire chamber is so small that it does not have any effect when entering the air
chamber.
In the annexed drawing Fig 1 is a vertical section and Fig 2 a horizontal
section of the improved furnace The improved furnace is provided with two
principal air channels a arranged on both sides of the fire door and fire chamber
in the well of the same and having as many windings as possible so as to give
length These channels lead eventually into a cross channel which is arranged
in a tongue or projecting piece a¹ running parallel with the step grate and being
connected with a second cross channel of the tongue by suitable channels,
through the opening d of this second cross channel a³ the air, heated during its
course, can enter into the fire chamber By the arrangement of the tongue a¹
projecting deeply into the fire chamber and which as mentioned before is lying
parallel to the step giate a comparatively small space between it and the former
remains, the heated air flowing out of the opening is obliged to go through
the glowing fuel lving upon the step grate By this means the formation of air
gas and consequently an intense burning of all inflammable solid and gas like
ingredients is obtained Moreover the arrangement is such that the heated air
is not only conveved by the opening d but also at the same time by little slits f
By
of the cross channel and by an air channel arranged in the fire bridge
this means a great heating of the air is effected m consequence of the long course
which it has to take in the principal channel a and the arrangement of the
tongue and the channels arranged in the same immediately above the sten
grate If the slag is to he removed the furnace door 9 is opened so that the air
can enter into the fire room. It is clear, that on the one hand the air column
passing through the principal channel a is considerably diminished and consc-
quently also the formation of air gas, whilst on the other hand the air coming
in through the opening of the door 9 going upwards behind the step gate takes

page_text: with it a quantity of unburnt gas-like combustibles guiding them into the flue.
This would cause the smoke 11sing from the chimney to appear Booty and black
instead of white
In order that when removing the slag the smoke consumption is effected, air
and also steam is introduced into the fire chamber according to the above des-
cribed piinciple which combining with the unburnt caibon, creates hydrogen
gas the burning of which causes great heat By this means the inflammable
gases developed in the fine chamber are entuely burnt so that the smoke quitting
the chimney has a white steamlike appearance
For this purpose steam conveying pipes c and d are arranged in the cross
channels b of the tongue a¹, and e of the fire bridge provided with borings, slits
or nozzles directed towards the fire chamber Before the door 9 is opened for
removing the alag suitable steam cocks are opened, so that the steam can flow
into the fine chamber through the slits f. The au channels surrounding these
steam pipes ce seive not only as mentioned hereabove for the air introduction,
but also for protecting the pipes against the effect of the great heat produced
by the burning gases
The above described apparatus can act in the same way, by introducing steam
only into the fire chamber without the combination therein of air through the
channel For this purpose the an channel is closed by means of a suitable valve
or the like, and the steam jet blast is set in action, as above described, before the
opening of the furnace or ash pit door, so that steam will be forced into the fire
chamber without drawing air out of the channel a
Through the whole or partial opening of the valve means are provided by
which more or less air can be introduced
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
J claim is
-
An improved furnace in which during the open position of the furnace or ash
door a steam blast operates the same having been set in action before the open-
ing of the door so that either steam alone or steam and air is forced into the
fire-chamber
3000
Buted this fth day of
of July
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham, Street, Strand, London