IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLAR, CUFF AND SHIRT STUDS; SOLITAIRES AND OTHER SIMILAR DRESS FASTENINGS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, THOMAS WALTER JONES of Hylton Street Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturing Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLAR, CUFF AND SHIRT STUDS; SOLITAIRES AND OTHER
SIMILAR DRESS FASTENINGS, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to collar cuff, and shirt studs, solitaires and other similar
dress fastenings, consisting essentially of a flexible metallic stem, with a yielding
or extending head; that is, the stem is compliant or capable of moving in any
direction, while its head is capable of extending or contracting itself, or moving
longitudinally on the stem, in producing greater or less stem accommodation,
according to the article to which the stud is applied.
My said invention consists of the combination or arrangement of parts, of the
said fastening hereinafter described, by which great simplicity of construction and
efficiency of action of the fastening are secured.
I will describe my invention as applied to a collar stud. The stem of the collar
stud which is hollow, has a flange at its bottom which is connected loosely to the
shell forming the base of the said stud. The top or upper part of the hollow stem
described is provided with a cap; against which a coiled spring, enclosed within
the hollow stem, abutts. The head of the stud which moves upon the top of the
stem has an axial rod or wire with a disc or collar at its end; this wire or stem
passes through the spring, while the collar supports the said spring in its partial
state of tension.
In using the stud, its action is as follows, and when attached to an article of
dress, the stein is capable of moving or yielding in any desired direction, so as to
accommodate itself to the movement of the person to which it comes in contact, and
at the same time the head is also capable of moving longitudinally upon the said
stem; by the collar on the end of the rod acting upon the end of the spring
enclosed within the stem, so that the stem is lengthened or shortened according to
the thickness of the material, through which the stud passes. By the use of a
flexible stem, combined with a moveable or yielding head, great ease and comfort
is imparted in wearing studs made according to my invention.

page_text: I, THOMAS WALTER JONES of Hylton Street Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturing Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLAR CUFF AND SHIRT STUDS; SOLITAIRES AND OTHER
SIMILAR DRESS FASTENINGS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to collar cuff, and shirt studs solitaires and other similar
dress fastenings and ornaments consisting essentially of a flexible metallic stem,.
with a yielding or extending head; that is, the stem is compliant or capable of
oscillating or moving in any direction, while its head is capable of extending or
contracting itself, (or moving longitudinally) on the stem, in allowing for greater
or less stem accommodation, according to the article or articles, with which the stud
is used.
:
My said invention consists of the combination or arrangement of parts of the
said fastening hereinafter described, by which great simplicity of construction and
efficiency of action of the fastening are secured.
I will describe my invention as applied to a collar stud. The stem of the collar
stud which is hollow, has a flange at its bottom which is connected loosely to the
shell forming the base of the stud. The top or upper part of the hollow stem
described is provided with an inner flange against which a coiled spring, enclosed
within the hollow stem abuts. The head of the stud which moves upon the upper
end of the stem has affixed to it an axial rod or wire, with a piston like collar at
its lower or terminal end; this central axis wire or stem is encircled by a coiled
spring, which is disposed and abuts respectively against the inner flauge of the
stem and the flange of the piston like end of the central rod.
When the stud is in use, its action is as follows; the stem is capable of moving
or oscillating in any desired direction, so as to accommodate itself to the posture of
the person using it and at the same time, the head is capable of sliding or moving
longitudinally upon the stem so as to lengthen or shorten it in accommodating
itself to various thicknesses of material; thus, where two or three articles are
connected together by the stud, its neck requires to be distended to embrace the
several thicknesses and vice-versa when only one thickness of material is upon the
stem.
"
By the use of a flexible stem, combined with a sliding or yielding head, great
ease, comfort and convenience results from the use of studs and other like dress
fastenings and ornaments constructed according to my invention.
Having described the principal features of my invention, I will now proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying drawing the manner in which the
same is to be carried into effect.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a stud with a flexible stem and a yielding or
sliding head constructed according to my invention, the head being shown in its
contracted position so as to form a short neck; the dotted lines show the oscillating
position which the stem is capable of taking when in use. Figure 2 represents the

page_text: stud figure 1 with its head distended to allow the neck to accommodate itself to
two or three thicknesses of material; the distension and contraction of the said
head is perfectly automatic. Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of figure 1,
showing the arrangement of the parts. Figure 4 is also a section, like figure 3 with
the stem inclined, showing how it is capable of oscillating or gyrating about the
ioner shell of the stud as a centre. Figure 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of
figure 2. Figure 6 is a plan of figure 5. Figure 7 is an elevation of the head and
fixed stem partly in section. Figure 8 is the neck or stem (in section) of the stud.
Figure 9 is a plan and elevation of the shell, and figure 10 is the coiled spring, and
figure 11 is a modification of figure 1.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
Drawing.
a is the yielding or sliding head of the stud which moves upon the upper end or
stem of the neck b. This stem or neck b is provided with inner and outer
flanges b² 6, the flange be constitutes the upper abuttment for the spring c, while
the lower flange b³ forms the seat upon which the stud yields or oscillates. The
head a carries a central stem a² which is encircled by the spring c, the stem has
also at its lower end a piston like flange a³ upon which the lower end of the spring
abuts, so. that the spring is enclosed between the part a³, and the upper inner end
of the stem 6. The stem 6 fits loosely within the shell d, leaving sufficient room
for the free oscillation of the stem within the hole d². e is the front of the stud,
with the diaphragm plate e², so as to form a cavity between the back and front
chells of the stud; and within this space, the end of the neck of the stud moves in
accommodating itself to the posture or motion of the user. The flange b' provided
in the modification figure 11 is for the purpose of preventing the parts co:ning
asunder, should the head as become detached.
The application of my invention to other studs, solitaires and similar dress
fastenings and ornaments, differs in no essential respect from its application to a
collar stud hercin-before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. Constructing and arranging the parts of collar, cuff and shirt studs,
solitaires and other similar dress fastenings and ornaments hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing; whereby the stem and head are
capable of independent motions which allow the former to oscillate, and the latter
to slide or yield for accommodating itself automatically to varying thicknesses of
inaterials with which the stud is used, the parts being arranged, combined and
acting in the way and for the purposes as described and set forth.
Secondly. In a stud, solitaire or other similar dress fastening and ornament
having a flexible stem combined with a sliding or yielding head, for the purposes
substantially as described and set forth.
.