Improvements in Outter Heads for Grooving and Tongueing Boards.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 29th July, 1893-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Outter Heads for Grooving and Tongueing
Boards.
We JOHN GRAY and ARTHUR GRAY both of Albion Street Planing and
Moulding Mills Great Grimsby in the County of Lincoln Saw Mill Proprietors,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the construction of the cutter heads used in machinery
for grooving and tongueing the edges of boards, the principal objects of the
invention being to simplify and improve the construction and reduce the cost
thereof.
For the purposes of our invention we make the cutter head in the form of a face
plate with two straight parallel grooves (one on each side of the centre) on each
face thereof, and we employ straight bits or cutters fixed in such grooves.
The bottom of the grooves are not parallel to the face of the cutter but slightly
oblique thereto and to the plane of rotation so as to obtain the necessary clearance
in working, the obliquity running in opposite directions in the two grooves so as to
bring the ends or cutting edges of the two bits into coincidence.
The grooves on one side of the face plate run at right angles to those on the
other side.
Each bit is of such a width as to cut only a part of the groove, those on one
side of the face plate cutting one side, and those on the other side of the same
cutting the other side of the same groove.
To make the bits or cutters we take a bar of steel of rectangular section and
by means of a milling tool we cut away a portion from end to end leaving the bar
of a kind of L-shaped section. This is cut into suitable lengths and one end is
ground away at the back to a suitable angle to form a cutting tool, one portion of
which forms one side of the groove and the other faces the edge of the board.
The bits are fixed in the grooves of the face plate back to back, so that their
cutting edges will form the two sides of the same groove and at the same time face
the edges of the board. The bits are fixed in the grooves of the face plate by
means of short slips which are held in place by bolts and nuts.
The above description refers to the grooving cutter. The bits for making the
tongue will be slightly different in section so as to form a rounded edge to the
tongue to facilitate its introduction into the groove, and they will necessarily be
placed in the reversed position in the grooves that is face to face, the form of the
grooves in the face plate being varied accordingly. In this case the slips may be
dispensed with and the bits held in place by the bolt heads only.
As the cutting edges of the bits become blunted or worn they can be taken out,
ground up to the same angle on an ordinary grindstone, and replaced and when
adjusted fixed by means of the bolts and nuts.
Dated this 31st day of October 1892.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE DI DULTIVATION.
Improvements in Cutter Heads for Grooving and Tongueing
Boards.
We JOHN GRAY and ARTHUR GRAY both of Albion Street Planing and
Moulding Mills, Great Grimsby, in the County of Lincoln, Saw Mill Proprietors,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the construction of the cutter heads used in machinery
for grooving and tongueing the edges of boards, the principal objects of the
invention being to simplify and improve the construction and reduce the cost
thereof.
The said invention will be readily understood from the following description on
reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings of which
Fig. is a front elevation of a cutter head for grooving constructed according
to our invention and Figs. 2 and 3 shew sections taken respectively through the
lines A B and C-D on Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a diagram shewing the action of the cutters and Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are
similar views of a cutter head for tongueing.
According to our invention we make the cutter head in the form of a face plate a
with two straight parallel grooves (one on each side the centre) on each face
thereof, and we employ straight bits or cutters 6 6' fixed in such grooves.
The bottom of the grooves are not parallel to the face of the cutter but
slightly oblique thereto, and to the plane of rotation (see Figs. 2, 3, 6 and 7) so
as to obtain the necessary clearance in working, the obliquity running in opposite
directions in the two grooves so as to bring the ends or cutting edges of the two
bits into coincidence.
The grooves on one side of the face plate run at right angles to those on the
other side, as seen at Figs. 1 and 5.
Each grooving bit is of such a width as to cut only a part of the groove,
those (6) on one side of the face plate a cutting one side, and those (6') on the
other side of the same cutting the other side of the same groove, as seen by the
diagram Fig. 4.
To make the grooving bits or cutters we take a bar of steel of rectangular
section and by means of a milling tool we cut away a portion from end to end
leaving the bar of a kind of L-shaped section (see Fig. 2.). This is cut into
suitable lengths and one end is ground away at the back to a suitable angle to
form a cutting tool, one portion of which forms one side of the groove and the
.other 6xx faces the edge of the board c (Fig. 4).
.
The bits bb, bare fixed in the grooves of the face plate a back to back, so
that their cutting edges will form the two sides of the same groove and at the
same time face the edges of the board. The bits are fixed in the grooves of the
face plate by means of short slips d which are held in place by bolts e and nuts e¹.
The bits for making the tongue will be slightly different in section see Fig. 6 so
as to form a rounded edge to the tongue as seen at Fig. 8 to facilitate its
introduction into the groove, and they will necessarily be placed in the reversed
position in the grooves that is face to face (Figs. 6 and 7) the form of the grooves
in the face plate being varied accordingly as shewn. In this case the slips may
be dispensed with and the bits held in place by the bolt heads ex only.
As the cutting edges of the bits 6 61 become blunted or worn they can be taken
out, ground up to the same angle on an ordinary grindstone, and replaced and when
adjusted fixed by means of the bolts e and nuts e¹.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The improvements in cutter heads for tongueing and grooving boards constructed
5 and operating substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the annexed
drawings.
Dated this 28th day of July 1893.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.