Year: 1886

page_text: I EBERHARD SEGER, of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in centrifugal separators, and has for its
objects to facilitate the working of the separator drum, to increase the effect in a high
degree, to obtain a convenient removal of the fluid remaining in the separator drum
after the separation, and also to facilitate the cleaning of the apparatus after it is
emptied.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line a, b (figure 2) of a separator
provided with the present improvements.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the separator drum on the line effigure 1 and
Figures 3 and 4 are horizontal sections on the lines - and g-h respectively of
figure 2.
The arrangement for facilitating the working of the separator drum is as follows:-
The lower end of the shaft of the separator drum A runs in a bearing o which is of
a spherical shape and is located in a socket p attached to the pedestal or frame of the
separator. Above this socket the shaft carries a hub surrounding the same and to
which, by means of downwardly projecting arms n, is firmly attached the pulley q.
The position of this pulley is such that its centre coincides as nearly as possible with
the centre of the spherical part of the bearing o. The top of the shaft of the separator
drum runs in the bearing m in the upper part of the frame B, this bearing being
provided with elastic packing.
Owing to this arrangement the power transmitted to the pulley is communicated to
the shaft in a plane passing through or nearly through the centre of the spherical part
of the bearing, which is movable in all directions, whereby all impediment to the
rotation of the shaft and the drum, around the geometrical axis of the apparatus is
avoided.
With the object of subjecting the fluid contained in the separator drum to the effect
of the centrifugal force as long as possible, I divide the drum with two or more annular
compartments by means of a flat discs inserted into the said drum A perpendicular to
the shaft. In order to effect the communication between the compartments, an
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page_text: opening is formed in the disc on either side of which is placed a wing a, b, the
wing a being turned upwards and united with the top of the separator drum, and the
other turned downwards and united with the bottom of the drum. These wings
compel the fluid to participate in the rotatory motion of the drum. Instead of
employing only one disc as shown I may employ two or more discs.
In the bottom of the drum is a hollow g having a projecting rim which is provided
with a hole h, opening immediately behind the lower wing b (figure 3). In the top of
the drum close to the upper wing a, or in the upper edge of this wing is a channel d, the
inlet u of which is situated near the circumference of the drum and on the opposite side
of the wings relatively to the hole h. This channel d communicates with a recess e
formed in the neck of the drum and connecting the channel d with the outlet opening c.
In the upper part of the neck of the drum is another recess f, opening below into a
groove made in the neck of the drum. In figure 4 such a groove is shown formed by
an eccentric hollow in the neck of the drum, this groove extending through half the
circumference of the neck, or a smaller part of it.
The lighter fluid separated during the operation of the apparatus and which is to be
removed through the recess f, enters first into the said groove from which it flows into
the receptacle through the recess and over the rim of the neck. By thus leading the
lighter fluid into a wider passage previous to its arrival in the outlet, the introduction
of the lighter fluid takes place from the greater part of the circumference of the drum
whereby the lighter fluid is less agitated at its outlet.
The above described dispositions for discharging the separated fluid are, as will be
easily perceived, very easily accessible when cleaning the apparatus.
The fluid to be operated upon is poured into the hollow at the bottom of the drum.
During the rotation of the latter it passes through the hole h into the lower compartment
of the drum, from whence it passes through the opening into the upper compartment.
During this movement the fluid is compelled to pass round the lower annular
compartment once, then to arise through the opening r, and then likewise to pass round
the upper compartment once; the fluid consequently passes round the drum twice.
After passing round the upper compartment the heavier fluid flows out through the
channel d the recess e and the opening c into the surrounding receptacle: The lighter
fluid, collecting nearer to the centre, flows out through the recess into another
receptacle.
The separator drum A is surrounded by a casing C which at its upper part is
connected with receptacles of an elliptical shape in transverse section and easily
accessible when cleaning the apparatus. Owing to the casing and the receptacles being
thus mutually connected, they may be taken off at the same time, whereby the number
of the loose parts which the apparatus comprises is decreased.
The means for conveniently removing the fluid remaining in the drum after the
separation comprises a channel i, which at one end communicates with the hollow
and at the other end with the funnel shaped receptacle k situated under the drum and
supported by the frame. This channel has such a position that the fluid poured into
the said hollow during the rotatory motion of the drum is prevented, by the influence
of the centrifugal force, from flowing out of it, which however takes place when the
drum is at rest. The remaining fluid then flows out through the channel into the
funnel shaped receptacle & from whence it is removed through the outlet pipe 1. The
channel i may if desired be lead through the shaft of the drum and open at the surface
of the latter as indicated by the dotted lines in figure 1..
The separator drum is cleaned after being emptied by rinsing it with water, which
runs off through the canal i. In this operation it is not necessary to remove the drum
from the stand.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim in respect
of my improvements in centrifugal apparatus is,
First. The means whereby I provide for effecting a light and uniform rotation of
the separator drum (A), consisting in arranging the shaft of the separator to rotate at

page_text: its lower end in a loose bearing (o) of spherical shape externally and located in a
socket (p) attached to the pedestal or frame of the separator and surrounded by a
pulley (7) the plane of rotation which pulley coincides as nearly as possible with the
centre of the spherical part of the bearing, and which pulley is by arms (n) firmly
connected with its hub situated higher up on the shaft.
Second. The arrangement within the separator drum of a flat disc or disc (s)
perpendicular to its shaft and each provided with an opening (r) having two
wings (a, b) one of which (a) extends towards the top of the separator drum and the
other (b) towards its bottom, whereby the drum is divided in two or more annular
compartments.
Third. A bowl shaped hollow (g) formed in the bottom of the drum (A) into which
hollow the fluid which is to be separated is conducted, in order to flow through an
opening (h), in the rim surrounding the hollow, into the drum.
Fourth. The employment of the open passages (e, f) formed in the neck of the.
separator drum for the discharge of the separated portions of the fluid and
communicating with receptacles, of which passages the one (f) is intended for
discharging the lighter fluid may open below in a wider passage formed in the neck of
the drum..
Fifth. In order to conveniently discharge the fluid remaining in the drum after the
separation, the arrangement of an outlet opening or pipe () in the bottom hollow (g)
of the drum, the said opening or pipe being situated in the side or in the centre in such
a manner that the fluid, during the separation, does not flow out through it.
Sixth. The employment of two annular receptacles elliptical in transverse section
and firmly connected with the casing C for the purpose specified.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.