IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COATING METALLIC SHEETS WITH OTHER METALS OR ALLOYS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Henry Johns, of Rhymney, in the County
of Monmouth, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COATING METALLIC SHEETS WITH
OTHER METALS OR ALLOYS."
Sealed the 4th April 1876, and dated the 6th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Henry
Johns at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 6th October 1875.
•
I, THOMAS HENRY JOHNS, of Rhymney, in the County of Monmouth,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COATING METALLIC
SHEETS WITH OTHER METALS OR ALLOYS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for coating metallic sheets with other metals
or alloys, whereby I accomplish the said operation in a more effecient,
expeditious, and economical manner than by the ordinary existing
appliances.

page_text: According to my Invention I employ a single flat metal bath, through
which the sheets to be coated are passed horizontally, or nearly so, from
and to end. The two side plates of the said flat metal bath are extended
and carried upwards at an angle at one end thereof, such upward pro-
jecting part forming a species of box or receptacle for the reception of
adjustable sliding plates or standards, which carry a pair of adjustable
planishers and a pair of drawing rolls, and in some cases if desired a
pair of feeding rolls in front of the planishers.
The before-mentioned rolls and planishers may be hollow or solid, and
heated or not, as preferred. The planishers are made with one or more
V edges, the projecting V edge or edges on one planisher being opposito
to the recessed V surface of the corresponding planisher, and entering
slightly therein so as in fact to overlap the same. When heated these
peculiar shaped planishers will remove the oxide (at present done by
hand by the aid of a flax brush) and the surplus metal, and will fill up
any indentations in the sheet, thus enabling me to produce an even
finished coated sheet from rough sheets or plates of any size without
the necessity for cold rolling. Openings are also provided in one of the
planishers for the free escape of the surplus metal. The said planishers
are moreover made adjustable by means of adjusting screws acting upon
levers and worked by hand wheels or otherwise.
I perform the operation of coating either with or without the aid of
grease; when grease is employed it will be contained in the end of the
bath next the planishers, and will be prevented from spreading over the
entire surface of the metal in the bath by the intervention of a transverse
curved or inclined partition, which extends from side to side of the bath,
and dips a slight distance below the surface of the metal therein, the
said partition being so shaped and disposed as to serve also as a guide
for directing the end of the plate between the planishers, or the feeding
rolls, as the case may be. A somewhat similar transverse partition
made adjustable is also situate across the bath towards the front end,
its object being to prevent the sheet from floating to the surface of the
molten metal, and to prevent the grease or salammoniac solution when
employed at the front end of the bath from gaining access to the
machine.

page_text: the machine, and delivered to the packer or deposited directly into
boxes. This arrangement enables the sorting of the sheets to be carried
on whilst they are travelling and cooling.
By the adoption of the herein-beforo described machinery or apparatus
I am enabled to dispense with three of the baths at present employed,
I save four handlings of the plates, and considerably reduce the number
of waste plates produced, whilst at the same time I effect a great
economy in labour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Henry Johns in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Thomas
HENRY JOHNS, of Rhymney, in the County of Monmouth, Mechanical
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Henry Johns,
Her special license that I, the said Thomas Henry Johns, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Henry Johns, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
COATING METALLIC SHEETS WITH OTHER METALS OR ALLOYS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others). that I, the said Thomas Henry Johns, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great

page_text: planishers D, and a pair of drawing pullies or rolls E situate behind the
planishers; and in some cases if desired a pair of feeding pullies or
rolls F situate in front of the planishers, as shown in my Drawings.
The before-mentioned pullies or rolls E and F, as well as the
5 planishers D, may be made either hollow or solid and heated with gas
or otherwise, or not, as preferred. In Figures 1 and 2 the said rolls and
planishers are not arranged for being heated internally, but in Figure 4
I have shown a hollow roll suitable for being heated with gas or other-
wise, as is well understood. The planishers D are made with one or
more V edges b, the projecting V edge or edges on one planisher being
opposite to the recessed V surface of the corresponding planisher and
entering slightly therein, so as in fact to overlap the same, as is clearly
shown in the enlarged detail at Figure 5 with the plate o passing
between them. The rolls E and F are driven from the shaft carrying
the pulley F, such pulley being mounted on the shaft of one of the
rolls, and suitable gearing being employed, as shown in Figure 2, for
transmitting the motion to the other rolls. When heated these peculiar
shaped planishers will remove the oxide (at present done by hand by
the aid of a flax brush) as well as the surplus metal, and will fill up
any indentations in the sheet, thus enabling me to produce an even
finished coated sheet from rough sheets or plates of any size without
the necessity for cold rolling. Openings are also provided in one of
the planishers for the free escape of the surplus metal. The said
planishers D are moreover made adjustable by means of the adjusting
screws G, G³, acting upon levers H, H², fast on the axes of the planishers
and worked by hand wheels I, I, or otherwise.
I perform the operation of coating either with or without the aid of
grease; when grease is employed it will be contained in that end of the
bath which is next to the planishers, and will be prevented from
spreading over the entire surface of the metal in the bath by the inter-
vention of a transverse curved or inclined partition K, which extends
from side to side of the bath and dips a slight distance below the surface
of the molten metal therein, the said partition being so shaped and
disposed as to serve also as a guide for directing the end of the plate
between the planishers or the feeding pullies or rolls F, as the case may
be, as is clearly shown in Figure 1. A somewhat similar transverse
partition L, made adjustable on rocking centres of support, is also
placed across the bath A towards the feeding end thereof, its object

page_text: being to prevent the sheet to be coated from floating to the surface of
the molten metal, and to prevent the grease or salammoniac solution
(when employed) at that end of the bath from gaining access to the
machine. Other intermediate adjustable transverse partitions L, L,
may be also employed, as shown, if desired.
I also propose to fix longitudinally in the bath a series of nearly
horizontal bars M, M, in order to guide the sheets to the pullies and
planishers.
I further propose to combine with the drawing pullies or rolls E
endless wire ropes or bands N, N, which pass round the said rolls or
their shaft, as shown, and over a carrier roll O mounted on standards P,
so as to be in convenient proximity to the receiving and packing
table Q. By this arrangement the finished sheets can be carried off as
fast as they pass through the machine and delivered to the packer or
deposited directly into boxes. This arrangement further admits of the
operation of sorting the sheets being carried on whilst they are travelling
and cooling.
By the adoption of the herein-before described machinery or apparatus
I am enabled to dispense with three of the baths at present employed,
I save four handlings of the plates, and considerably reduce the number
of waste plates produced, whilst at the same time I effect a great
economy in labour.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The combination with a horizontal bath of raised ends, forming
a box or receptacle for the reception of plates or standards sliding
freely therein, such plates or standards carrying a pair of adjustable
planishers and drawing rolls, the whole being arranged and caused to
operate together, substantially in the manner and for the purpose
herein-before described and illustrated by my Drawings.
Secondly. Constructing the said adjustable planishers with over-
lapping V edges, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before
described and illustrated by my Drawings.

page_text: Thirdly. The application and use of a transverse partition at the
operating end of a horizontal bath for preventing the spreading of the
grease (when used) over the entire surface of the metal, and for guiding
the end of the plate to be coated between the planishers or the feeding
rolls, as the case may be, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by my Drawings.
Fourthly. The application and use of an adjustable transverse par-
tition at the feeding end of a horizontal bath for the purpose of
obviating the floating to the surface of the sheet to be coated and the
prevention of access of the grease or salammoniac solution (when
employed) at this end of the bath to the machinery, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by my Drawings.
Fifthly. The system or mode of and appliances for effecting the self
delivery of the coated sheets as fast as they pass through the machine
to the packer or into boxes direct, as herein-before described and
illustrated by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Henry Johns, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.

page_text: I, CHARLES STUART of Bletchley in the County of Buckingham, Mechanical
Engineer seek leave to amend the specification of Letters Patent, No. 3468 of 1875,
as shown in red ink in the copy of the original specification hereunto annexed.
My reasons for making this Amendment as as follows:—
That there are doubts whether the Letters Patent are not at present invalid in
consequence of certain prior publications of the portions of the Specification
claimed by the 3rd and 4th claims which I desire to disclaim.
That there are doubts whether the 5th claim of the original Specification can be
supported and I am therefore desirous of disclaiming them.
The said Letters Patent were assigned to me by Indentures bearing date the
14th day of November 1881 and the 4th day of December 1882 duly registered
in the Patent Office.
1007

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Henry Johns, of Rhymney, in the County of
Monmouth, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COATING METALLIC SHEETS WITH OTHER
METALS OR ALLOYS"
Sealed the 4th April 1876, and dated the 6th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Henry Johns at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th October 1875.
I THOMAS HENRY JOHNS of Rhymney in the County of Monmouth Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COATING METALLIC SHEETS WITH OTHER
METALS OR ALLOYS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of machinery
or apparatus for coating metallic sheets with other metals or alloys whereby
I accomplish the said operation in a more effecient expeditious and economical
manner than by the ordinary existing appliances.
According to my Invention I employ a single flat metal bath through which the
sheets to be coated are passed horizontally or nearly so from end to end. The two
side plates of the said flat metal bath are extended and carried upwards at an
angle at one end thereof such upward projecting part forming a species of box or
receptacle for the reception of adjustable sliding plates or standards which carry
a pair of adjustable planishers and a pair of drawing rolls and in some cases if
desired a pair of feeding rolls in front of the planishers.
The before-mentioned rolls and planishers may be hollow or solid and heated or
not as preferred. The planishers are made with one or more V.edges, the pro-
jecting V edge or edges on one planisher being opposite to the recessed V surface
of the corresponding planisher and entering slightly therein so as in fact to overlap
the same.
When heated these peculiar shaped planishers will remove the oxide
(at present done by hand by the aid of a flax brush) and the surplus metal and
will fill up any indentations in the sheet thus enabling me to produce an even
finished coated sheet from rough sheets or plates of any size without the necessity
for cold rolling. Openings are also provided in one of the planishers for the free
escape of the surplus metal. The said planishers are moreover made adjustable
by means of adjusting screws acting upon lovers and worked by hand wheels or
otherwise.
I perform the operation of coating either with or without the aid of grease;
when grense is employed it will be contained in the end of the bath next the
planishers and will be prevented from spreading over the entire surface of the
metal in the bath by the intervention of a transverse curved or inclined partition
which extends from side to side of the bath and dips a slight distance below
the surface of the metal therein the said partition being so shaped and disposed
as to serve also as a guide for directing the end of the plate between the planishers,
or the feeding rolls as the case may be. A somewhat similar transverse partition

page_text: made adjustable is also situate across the bath towards the front end its object
being to prevent the sheet from floating to the surface of the molten metal, and to
prevent the grease or salammoniac solution when employed at the front end of the
bath from gaining access to the machine.
I also propose to combine with the drawing rollers endless wire ropes, whereby
the finished sheets are carried off as fast as they pass through the machine and
delivered to the packer or deposited directly into boxes. This arrangement
enables the sorting of the sheets to be carried on whilst they are travelling and
cooling.
By the adoption of the herein-before described machinery or apparatus I am
enabled to dispense with three of the baths at present employed, I save four
handlings of the plates and considerably reduce the number of waste plates pro-
duced whilst at the same time I effect a great economy in labour.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Henry Johns in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I THOMAS HENRY
JOHNS of Rhymney in the County of Monmouth Mechanical Engineer send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty. Queen Victoria by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Sixth day of October in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-five in the thirty-ninth year of Her reign
did for Herself Her heirs and successors give and grant unto me the said Thomas
Henry Johns. Her special license that I the said Thomas Henry Johns my
executors, administrators and assigns or such others as I the said Thomas Henry
Johns my executors administrators and assigns should at any time agree with and
no others from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed should and lawfully might make use exercise and vend within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland the Channel Islands and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COATING
METALLIO SHEETS WITH OTHER METALS OR ALLOYS" upon the condition (amongst
others) that I the said Thomas Henry John's my executors or administrators by
an instrument in writing under my or their, or one of their hands and seals
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention and
in what manner the same was to be performed and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and, immediately.
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that I the said Thomas Henry Johns do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof reference being had to the accompanying Drawings_and_to-the-
letters and figures marked thereon that is to say:
--My-said Invention relates to a peculiar construction arrangement and com-
bination of machinery or apparatus for coating metallic sheets with other metals
or alloys whereby I accomplish the said operation in a more efficient expeditious
and economical manner than by the ordinary existing appliances.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed to particularly describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the
several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a longitudinal vertical section of my
improved machine for coating metallic sheets with other metals or alloys the
section being taken along the line 1—2 in Figure 2. Figure 2 is a-plan anda

page_text: partial section of the said machine taken along the line 3-4 in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a transverse section taken along the line 5-6 in Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a detail elevation of one of the rolls herein-after referred to made
lollow for the purpose of being heated with gas or otherwise.
And Figure 5 is an enlarged detail of the acting portion of the planishers.
A is a single flat metal bath for containing the molten metal or alloy and which
is heated as is well understood. Through this bath the sheets to be coated are
passed horizontally or nearly so from end to end in the direction of the arrows.
The two sides of the said flat metal bath A are extended and carried upwards at
an angle at one end thereof as shown at B such upward projecting part forming a
species of box or receptacle a for the reception of two adjustable sliding plates or
standards C which carry a pair of peculiarly constructed adjustable planishers D
and a pair of drawing pullies or rolls E situate behind the planishers and in some
cases if desired a pair of feeding pullies or rolls F situate in front of the planishers
as shown in my Drawings.
The before-mentioned pullies or rolls E and F as well as the planishers D may
be made either hollow or solid and heated with gas or otherwise or not as preferred.
In Figures 1 and 2 the said rolls and planishers are not arranged for being heated
internally but in Figure 4 I have shown a hollow roll suitable for being heated
with gas or otherwise, as is well understood. The planishers D are made with one
or more V edges 6 the projecting V edge or edges on one planisher being opposite
to the recessed V surface of the corresponding planisher and entering slightly
therein so as in fact to overlap the same, as is clearly shown in the enlarged detail
at Figure 5 with the plate c passing between them. The rolls E and F are driven
from the shaft carrying the pulley F' such pulley being mounted on the shaft of
one of the rolls and suitable gearing being employed as shown in Figure 2 for
transmitting the motion to the other rolls. When heated these peculiar shaped
planishers will remove the oxide (at present done by hand by the aid of a flax
brush) as well as the surplus metal, and will fill up any indentations in the sheet
thus enabling me to produce an even finished coated sheet from rough sheets or
plates of any size without the necessity for cold rolling. Openings are also provided
in one of the planishers for the free escape of the surplus metal. The said
planishers D are moreover made adjustable by means of the adjusting screws G G₁
acting upon levers H H¹ fast on the axes of the plauishers and worked by hand
wheels II or otherwise.
I perform the operation of coating either with or without the aid of grease;
when grease is employed it will be contained in that end of the bath which is next
to the planishers and will be prevented from spreading over the entire surface of
the metal in the bath by the intervention of a transverse curved or inclined
partition K which extends from side to side of the bath and dips a slight distance
below the surface of the molten metal therein the said partition being so shaped
and disposed as to serve also as a guide for directing the end of the plate between
the planishers or. the feeding pullies or rolls F as the case may be as is clearly
shown in Figure 1. A somewhat similar transverse partition L made adjustable on
rocking centres of support is also placed across the bath A towards the feeding ond
thereof its object being to prevent the sheet to be coated from floating to the
surface of the molten metal and to prevent the grease or salammoniac solution
(when employed) at that end of the bath from gaining access to the machine.
Other intermediate adjustable transverse partitions L' L' may be also employed as
shown if desired.
"
I also propose to fix longitudinally in the bath a series of nearly horizontal
bars M M in order to guide the sheets to the pullies and planishers.
I further propose to combine with the drawing pullies or rolls E endless wire.
ropes or bands N N which pass round the said rolls or their shaft as shown and
over a carrier roll O mounted on standards P so as to be in convenient proximity
to the receiving and packing table Q. By this arrangement the finished sheets
can be carried off as fast as they pass through the machine and delivered to the.
E
1