IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING STONE AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lloyd Wise, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City
of Westminster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING STONE AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES." A com-
munication from abroad by Mr. Armand Auguste, of Paris, in the French
Republic.
Sealed the 3rd February 1880, and dated the 12th August 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lloyd Wise at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1879.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING STONE AND OTHER
SIMILAR SUBSTANCES." (A communication from abroad by Mr. Armand Auguste,
of Paris, in the French Republic.)
This Invention relates to. the constructing and arranging of machines enabling
all kinds of stone or similar substances to be cut to pre-determined lines or forms
by means of saws receiving a reciprocating rectilinear movement, or of band saws,
the said machines being provided for this purpose with suitable driving gear and
adjusting mechanism.
According to one arrangement the stone or other similar substance to be cut is
supported on a table, on which is mounted a plate turning on friction rollers, and
similar to the tables used by sculptors. The machine proper comprises two columns
or standards carrying at their upper parts, which are stayed together, plummer
blocks, in the bearings of which a main driving shaft turns, which is provided near
one of its ends with fast and loose pulleys. Round this shaft two balance levers
turn, as on a pivot; they are connected together and stayed by a rigid rod, and by
a diagonal stay. The said balance levers carry counterweights, adjustable as
required, near one of their ends, and near the other ends of these same balance
levers are firmly fixed the cylindrical ends of a square shaft with chamfered edges.
On this shaft are arranged sleeves or hollow guides, carrying the saw frame, and
which can slide backwards and, forwards on the shaft. The saw frame consists of
two uprights or parts connected together by a cross stay, which at its lower part
has the form of a long socket, able to slide on a horizontal cylindrical shaft, firmly
fixed at one of its ends in a device made up of two parts, and which can turn at its
upper part round the cylindrical right hand end of the square shaped shaft. For
regulating the plane of adjustment of the balance levers relative to the fixed plane
of the columns or standards of the machine a toothed sector is connected to the one

page_text: balance lever, and engages with an endless screw provided with a hand wheel, and
carried by one of the columns or standards. In the same way for regulating the
planular position of the saw frame relative to the plane of the said balance levers,
another toothed sector is employed, which engages with an endless screw carried
by the other balance lever, and provided with a hand wheel. For regulating the
planular position of the saw blade relative to the plane of the saw frame four small
toothed wheels are employed, which are fitted in recesses provided for the purpose
in the ends of the saw frame uprights, two of which wheels are keyed on to one
and the same shaft. Two pitch chains connect the said small toothed wheels
together in pairs, and the direction of the whole of this mechanism is given by a
hand wheel and a shaft able to slide in a long bearing without ceasing to be
actuated by the aforesaid hand wheel. By the means above referred to the saw
blade can be readily caused to follow a pre-determined curved outline without
arresting the movement communicated by the motor to the cutting machine. For
this purpose the main driving shaft carries at the end opposite to that at which the
fast and loose pulleys are mounted a fly wheel and fast pulley. A band passes
over this fast pulley, which connects it with another pulley carried by the cylin-
drical left hand end of the square shaped shaft, terminating in a bevel toothed
wheel. This bevel wheel engages with another bevel toothed wheel turning on the
cylindrical end of the one balance lever. Finally a crank is attached to the said
bevel toothed wheel, which crank by means of a connecting rod communicates a
reciprocating rectilinear movement to the sleeves, and consequently to the saw
frame.
In another arrangement the stone or other similar substance is supported on a
carriage travelling on rails, and provided with a platform turning on bevel friction
rollers. The machine proper comprises four columns or standards stayed and con-
nected together by parts, which with them form the general frame, and which
support the various motion bearings. The saw is a band saw, and passes over two
large horizontal pulleys, and when the saw is not working it rests on lower
horizontal friction rollers fitted on four guides, adjustable as required. These guides
embrace one of the sides of the band saw, and carry vertical friction rollers for the
lateral guidance of the said saw when it has commenced to saw into the stone.
The tension of the band saw is regulated by fixing the axis of one of the band saw
pulleys to a tension apparatus, of which the screw for tightening or slackening is
at one of its ends provided with a hand wheel, whilst the other end of such screw
bears against one of the fixed stays of the general frame. The main driving shaft
carries at one of its ends fast and loose pulleys, a first driving pulley driving two
intermediate shafts, a friction collar, a second driving pulley driving the said
intermediate shafts, and finally a fast and a loose pulley, the former driving the fast
pulley which is keyed on to a short shaft at the opposite end of the machine. On
the same shaft is also a loose pulley and a fixed bevel toothed wheel, with which
engages a bevel wheel keyed on to the shaft of one of the band saw pullies, and
thus communicates its motion to the band saw pulley keyed on to this shaft, and
consequently to the band saw. The three last mentioned parts and the moveable
parts corresponding thereto are as a whole progressively lowered in proportion to
the depth to which the stone is to be cut, this being effected by a series of shafts
and pairs of bevel toothed wheels supported in bearings, and which actuate four
screws fitted in the four columns or uprights of the machine. Nuts are fitted to
these screws, and are firmly attached to sliding stays which support the axes of the
pullies, and are guided on the said columns or uprights by their hollow or bored
out ends. A forked rod serves to change a driving band from the fast to the loose
pullies of variable speed cones which permit the working of the machine to be
adjusted according to the hardness of the stones to be cut. Finally, a lever operating
a friction collar is so arranged as to raise the band saw and the various organs
connected thereto at the end of each operation, and after having suspended all
motion of the band saw pulleys.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Lloyd Wise in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
February 1880.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING STONE AND OTHER
SIMILAR SUBSTANCES." (A communication from abroad by Mr. Armand Auguste, of
Paris, in the French Republic.)
This Invention relates to the constructing and arranging of machines enabling
all kinds of stone or similar substances to be cut to pre-determined lines or forms
by means of saws receiving a reciprocating rectilinear movement, or of band saws,
the said machines being provided for this purpose with suitable driving gear and
adjusting mechanism.
The two Sheets of Drawings accompanying this Specification represent by way
of examples and to different scales two arrangements of machines according to this
Invention. These Drawings being very detailed little explanation will suffice to
make the method of construction and operation of these improved machines clearly
understood by competent persons.
Referring to Sheet 1,-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one of the improved machines; Fig. 2 a transverse
section in the line X, Y, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 a plan view.
In all these figures the same letters of reference indicate like constituent parts.
The stone A or other similar substance to be cut is supported on a table with
four feet B, on which is mounted a plate b, turning on friction rollers b², 61, and
similar to the tables used by sculptors. The machine proper comprises two columns
or standards C, D, resting on the ground on feet formed by three projecting ribs,
c, c, c, d, d, d; these columns carry at their upper parts, which are connected together
by the stay E, the plummer blocks c', d', in the bearings of which turns the main
driving shaft F which is provided near one of its ends with fast and loose pullies
ff. Round this shaft F two balance levers G, H, turn as on a pivot; they are
connected together and stayed by a rigid rod I, and by a diagonal stay J, which for
greater clearness in the Drawings is shewn only in the plan view Fig. 3. Each of
the balance levers G, H, carries a counterweight (g, h), adjustable as required near
one of its ends, and near the other ends of the said balance levers are firmly fixed
the cylindrical ends of a square shaft K with chamfered edges or corners. On this
shaft are arranged sleeves or hollow guides 1, 1, carrying the saw frame L, and
which can slide backwards and forwards on the shaft K. The saw frame consists
of two uprights or parts 12, 15, connected together by a cross stay *, which at its
lower part has the form of a long socket able to slide on a horizontal cylindrical
shaft m firmly fixed at one of its ends in a device M made up of two parts and
which can turn at its upper part round the cylindrical right hand end of the square
shaped shaft K. For regulating the plane of adjustment of the balance levers G, H,
relative to the fixed plane of the columns C, D, or standards. of the machine, a
toothed sector N is connected to the one balance lever H and engages with an
endless screw n provided with a hand wheel n³, and carried by one of the columns
or standards D; in the same way for regulating the planular position of the saw
frame L relative to the plane of the said balance levers G, H, another toothed
sector O is employed which engages with an endless screw o carried by the other
balance lever H and provided with a hand wheel o'. For the greater clearness of
the Drawing the said sectors and corresponding screws are shewn only in the
sectional view Fig. 2. For regulating the planular position of the saw blade 1³
relative to the plane of the saw frame L four small toothed wheels 16, 17, 18, 1º, are
employed which are fitted in recesses provided for the purpose in the ends of the
saw frame uprights 12, 13, two of which wheels are keyed on to one and the same
shaft. Two pitch chains, as shewn at in the sectional view Fig. 2, connect

page_text: the said small toothed wheels 16, 17, 18, 19, together in pairs, and the direction of the
whole of this mechanism is given by a hand-wheel m¹, and a shaft m² able to slide
in a long bearing m³ without ceasing to be actuated by the aforesaid hand-
wheel m¹.
By the above-described means the saw blade can be readily caused to follow a
pre determined curved outline, such as that shewn in dotted line in the sectional
view Fig. 2, without arresting the movement communicated by the motor to the
cutting machine. For this purpose the main driving shaft F carries at the end
opposite to that at which the fast and loose pullies f,f¹, are mounted a fly wheel ƒ³
and fast pulley f³; a band passes over this fast pulley f³ which connects it with
another pulley k carried by the cylindrical left hand end of the square shaped
shaft K, terminating in a bevel toothed wheel k¹. This bevel wheel k¹ engages
with another bevel toothed wheel g¹ turning on the cylindrical end of the balance
lever G; finally, a crank P is attached to the said bevel toothed wheel g', which
crank by means of a connecting rod Q communicates a reciprocating rectilinear
movement to the sleeve or part and consequently to the saw frame L. As will
be seen movement will thus be transmitted whatever may be the positions given
to the various moveable organs by the aforesaid various means of adjustment, as the
pulley k will always remain at the same distance from the pulley f³, its centre
being only able to describe a circle round the axis of the main driving shaft F.
Referring to Sheet 2,-
4
Fig. 1 is a general view of another arrangement of machine, shewn in elevation
with some details in section.
Fig. 2, a transverse section partly in the line X, Y, of Fig 1; and Fig. is a
general plan. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views. In all these Figures the same letters
of reference indicate like constituent parts.
The stone A. or other similar substance is supported on a carriage B travelling on
rails b, b, and provided with a platform b' turning on bevilled friction rollers 6, bª.
The machine proper comprises four columns or standards C, D, E, F, stayed and
connected together by parts, which with them form the general frame work, and
which support the various motion bearings, as is clearly shewn in the Drawings.
The saw G is a band saw, and passes over two large horizontal pullies H, H³, and
when the saw is not working, that is to say, when it is in the position shewn in
Fig. 1, it rests on the lower friction rollers. i, i, fitted in four guides adjustable as
required, as shewn at I, I, in the said Fig. 1. These guides embrace one of the
sides of the band saw G, and carry vertical friction rollers for the lateral guidance
of the said saw when it has commenced to saw into the stone. For greater clearness
of the Drawing, the said guides are shewn in Fig. 1 only. The tension of the band
saw is regulated by fixing the axis of the pulley H to a tension apparatus J, of
which the screw j for tightening or slackening is at one of its ends provided with a
hand wheel, whilst the other end of such screw bears against one of the fixed
stays of the general framing. The main driving shaft K (see Figs. 1, 3, and 4)
carries at one of its ends fast and loose pullies k, k, a first driving pulley k² driving
the two intermediate shafts Q, Q', a friction collar k³, a second driving pulley k
driving the said intermediate shafts, and a fast and a loose pulley k and ko, the
former (k) driving the fast pulley 7, keyed on the short shaft L at the opposite end
of the machine. On the same shaft L are also a loose pulley land a fixed bevel
toothed wheel, with which engages a bevel wheel m keyed on and communi-
cating motion to the shaft M of the hand saw pulley H¹, keyed on the same shaft,
and consequently to the band saw G (see Figs. 1 and 2). The three last mentioned
parts and the moveable parts corresponding thereto are as a whole progressively
lowered in proportion to the depth to which the stone A is to be cut, this being
effected by a series of shafts and pairs of bevelled toothed wheels supported in
bearings (the details of which are shewn in Fig. 5), and which actuate four screws
fitted in the four columns or uprights of the machine C, D, E, F; these screws are
similar to those shewn at c, d, in Figs. 1 and 2. Nuts, as shewn at d³ in Fig. 2,
are fitted to these screws, and are firmly attached to the sliding stays or parts

page_text: N, N1, (Figs. 1 and 2), which support the axes of the pullies H, H', (Fig. 1), and are
guided on the said columns or uprights C, D, E, F, (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3) by their
hollow or bored out ends. A forked rod I serves to change the driving band P from
the fast to the loose pullies of the variable speed cones q, q', which enable the
working of the machine to be adjusted according to the bardness of the stones or
material to be cut. A lever R operating the friction collar K³ is so arranged as to
raise the band saw G and the various organs connected thereto at the end of each
operation, and after having suspended all motion of the hand saw pullies H
and H¹.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and explained the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect, as communicated to me as aforesaid, I would
remark that the details shewn in the Drawings may obviously be more or less
modified to suit the requirements of particular applications without departing from
the essential characteristics of the Invention, but what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me under the Letters
Patent hereinbefore in part recited is, constructing and arranging machinery or appa-
ratus for cutting stone and other similar substances substantially as herein before
described with reference respectively to Sheet 1 and to Sheet 2 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lloyd Wise, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
W. LLOYD WISE. (L.S.)