IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING OR CLEANSING CASKS AND OTHER RECEPTACLES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, of the Firm of J.
Brandt and G. W. von Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of No. 124, Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, in the German Empire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING OR CLEANSING CASKS AND OTHER
RECEPTACLES." A communication by Carl Scheidig, of Altenburg, in the
Emaire
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June
1879.
GEBARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. von
Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of No. 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, in the German
Empire. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING OR
CLEANSING CASKS AND OTHER RECEPTACLES." [A communication by Carl Scheidig,
of Altenburg, in the German Empire.]
According to the present Invention apparatus for cleansing casks and similar
receptacles are constructed as follows:-On a framing are mounted two horizontal
parallel bars capable of sliding in guides, and receiving a to and fro motion by
means of a crank and connecting rod from a transverse driving shaft. On these
bars are mounted two pairs of saddle pieces, each pair serving to receive a cask to
be cleansed between them. The one saddle piece of each pair is adjustable upon the
reciprocating bars to suit casks or other receptacles of different sizes. A cask partly
filled with water having been placed in each saddle, a rapid to and fro inotion is
imparted thereto by means of the bars carrying them, whereby the water is dashed
violently to and fro within the casks so as effectually to cleanse them. After con-
tinuing this operation for some time the one cask is raised up out of its saddle by
means of a curved lifting arm actuated by a hand lever and connecting links, and
the other cask is then also raised out of its saddle by a similar curved arm and hand
lever, and is rolled over an intervening bridge piece into the second saddle, so that
it assumes therein the reverse position to that which it had in the other saddle,
whereupon the to and fro motion is repeated.
According to another arrangement the cask instead of resting in a saddle is sup-
ported between two pairs of rollers or discs on shafts carried by a frame that is

page_text: either mounted on rocking supports or on wheels running on the main framing, a
to and fro motion being imparted to the said frame and supporting rollers by a
crank and connecting rod, ns before. At the same time a rotary motion is imparted
to the rollers by means of a pulley and strap or pitch chain from the crank shaft, so
that as the cask is moved to and fro it is at the same time caused to revolve by
means of the rollers or discs. Opposite each end of the cask brushes are mounted
upon forked levers pivotted to the reciprocating frame, and pressed by springs so an
to cause the brushes to press against the ends of the cask, which as it revolves con-
sequently receives a scrubbing action therefrom. Two or more brushes are by
preference mounted on each lever, so that a different one can be brought into action
to suit casks of different sizes. In like manner a brush carried by a forked arm
pivotted to a standard on the reciprocating frame is made to bear upon the upper
curved surface of the cask, so as to subject this also to a scrubbing action.
The reciprocating frame also carries beneath the supporting rollers a shaft to
which a slow rotary motion is imparted by a worm and worm wheel from the shaft
of one of the rollers; on this shaft is a finger that at every revolution comes opposito
a detent supporting a stop which holds a cask on an incline, so that when the finger
arrives in this position it is caused by the to and fro motion of the frame to bear
against and release the detent, so that the stop held by the latter allows the cask
to roll down the incline and take up its position between the rollers on the recipro-
cating frame, the cask which had before rested on the latter having been previously
raised up and pushed away by a cam or tappet on the slow revolving shaft acting
on a curved lifting arm. At the same time other tappets on the said shaft act
upon the levers carrying the brushes so as to lift these away from the cask.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd December 1879..
GEBARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROOKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. von
5 Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of No. 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, in the German
Empire. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING OB
CLEANSING CASES AND OTHER RECEPTACLES." A communication by Carl Scheidig,
of Altenburg, in the German Empire.
. According to the present Invention apparatus for cleansing casks and similar
0 receptacles are constructed as follows:-On a framing are mounted two horizontal
parallel bars capable of sliding in guides, and receiving a to and fro motion by
means of a crank and connecting rod from a transverse driving shaft. On these
bars are mounted two pairs of saddle pieces, each pair serving to receive a cask to
be cleansed between them. The one saddle piece of each pair is adjustable upon the
5 reciprocating bars to suit casks or other receptacles of different sizes. A cask partly
filled with water having been placed in each saddle, a rapid to and fro motion is
imparted thereto by means of the bars carrying them, whereby the water is dashed
violently to and fro within the casks so as effectually to cleanse them. After con-
tinuing this operation for some time the one cask is raised up out of the saddle by
means of a curved lifting arm actuated by a band lever and connecting links, and
the other cask is then also raised out of its saddle by a similar curved arm and hand
lever, and is rolled over an intervening bridge piece into the second saddle, so that
it assumes therein the reverse position to that which it had in the other saddle,
whereupon the to and fro motion is repeated.
According to another arrangement the cask instead of resting in a saddle is sup-
ported between two pairs of rollers or discs on shafts carried by a frame that is
either mounted on rocking supports or on wheels running on the main framing, a
to and fro motion being imparted to the said frame and supporting rollers by a
crank and connecting rod, as before. At the same time a rotary motion is imparted
to the rollers by means of a pulley and strap or pitch chain from the crank shaft, so
that as the cask is moved to and fro it is at the same time caused to revolve by
means of the rollers or discs. Opposite each end of the cask brushes are mounted
upon forked levers pivoted to the reciprocating frame, and pressed by springs so as
to cause the brushes to press against the ends of the cask, which as it revolves con-
'sequently receives a scrubbing action therefrom. Two or more brushes are by
preference mounted on each lever, so that a different one can be brought into
action to suit casks of different sizes. In like manner a brush carried by a forked
arm pivoted to a standard on the reciprocating frame is made to bear upon the
upper curved surface of the cask, so as to subject this also to a scrubbing action.
The reciprocating frame also carries beneath the supporting rollers & shaft to which
a slow rotary motion is imparted by a worm and worm wheel from the shaft of
one of the rollers; on this shaft is a finger that at every revolution comes opposite
a detent supporting a stop which holds a cask on an incline, so that when the
finger arrives in this position it is caused by the to and fro motion of the frame
to bear against and release the detent, so that the stop held by the latter allows
the cask to roll down the incline and take up its position between the rollers on
the reciprocating frame, the cask which had before rested on the latter having been
previously raised up and pushed away by a cam or tappet on the slow revolving
shaft acting on a curved lifting arm. At the same time other tappets on the
said shaft act upon the levers carrying the brushes so as to lift these away from

page_text: Fig. 1 shews a side elevation of the first before described cask cleansing machine;
Fig. 2 shews & cross section; and Fig. 3 shews a plan.
The framing a carries a transverse driving shaft b, having a crank c which is con-
nected by the rod d to the crosshead e, fixed to the two bars ff; these bars are
capable of sliding to and fro in guides h on the framing, and are connected together
at their other ends by a crosshead g; on the rods fare fixed the saddle pieces i, i,
running with rollers on the framing a, while other saddle pieces k, k, are adjustable
upon the rods to and from the pieces i, i, by means of screws 1, 1, so that the spaces
between the saddle pieces i and k can be adjusted to suit different sized casks; thus
a cask partly filled with water and shot having been placed in the space A between
the first set of saddle pieces, a rapid to and fro motion is imparted to the bars f
and consequently to the cask, by means of the shaft b. When this has continued
for some time the cask is raised out of the saddle and made to pass over the plat-
form B into the space C between the other set of saddle pieces in order there to
receive a similar motion. This removal of the cask from the one saddle to the other
is effected by a lever m, which by means of connecting rods and levers m³, m³, raises
curved rods n, n, that push over the cask with their upper ends, as indicated by the
dotted lines. In like manner the hand lever o effects the removal of the cask from
the space C by means of the rods and levers o¹, o¹, and curved raising rods p. P. {
The rods n, n, and p, p, carry at their upper ends concave rollers q, q, which bear
against the casks as the rods rise.
For cylindrical casks correspondingly shaped saddle pieces are substituted for
those shewn.
Figs. 4 to 8 of the Drawings shew the second before described construction of
cask cleansing machine, in which the cask is scrubbed externally as well as cleansed
internally. Fig. 4 shews a side elevation; Fig. 5, an end elevation; Fig. 6, a plan;
and Figs. 7 and 8, detached details.
The frame a carries at one end the driving shaft b, which by means of crank c
and connecting rod d imparts a rapid to and fro motion to the framing e, on which
the cask to be cleansed rests; this frame is supported by the rocking-standards h, h¹,
sup
rocking on centres g', g³, carried by the framing a. It may however also be
ported on rollers running on the framing a. The upper ends of the standards
embrace the shafts i, i, carried by the frame e, and having fixed thereon the anti-
friction rollers or discs k, k, on which the cask resta. As the frame e rocks to and
fro the shafts,, with their rollers k are caused to rotate, being driven from the
shaft b through the pulley and belt transmission shewn. The brushes serving for
cleansing the heads of the cask are carried on a rotatable frame in forks w³, so that,
the brushes being of different sizes, the frame can be turned in order to bring a
brush of suitable size against the cask. For moving the brushes to and from the
cask, as also for introducing and removing the casks, a shaft n carried by the frame
e has a slow rotation imparted to it from the shaft by means of a worm m and
worm wheel ; this shaft n carries a tappet, which as soon as in its rotation it
arrives in the axial line of the pin p, carried by framing a, is caused by the recipro-
cating motion of e to strike against the said pin, which in its turn pushes the
support o from under the lever r, and this in falling causes the cask I, carried by it,
to roll on to the frame e into the position II. The shaft n also carries three tappets
8, t, u, of which 8, as soon as the cask has been sufficiently subjected to the action of
the machine, causes it to be raised out of the machine into the position III. through
the levers ², ³. At the same time the tappet t moves the side brushes (Fig. 4)
away from the cask by means of the levers and rods w³, w³, w³, while the tappet u
in like manner raises the top brushes (Fig. 5) from the cask by means of the levers
and rods ',, . The brushes are kept so long in this position until the next
cask has been rolled from position I. into position II.; the side brushes are then

page_text: brought against the cask by the action of springs, and the top brushes by the action
of gravity. The said tappets, levers, and brushes are all carried by and conse-
quently partake of the motion of the frame a. Instead of effecting the introduction
and removal of the casks automatically, as described, this can be effected by hand
levers or treadles in such manner that moving of the brushes to and from the cask
is effected by the partial rotation of the shaft n by means of a trendle, while a hand
lever effects the introduction and removal of the casks. The frames can also be so
arranged that the casks can be turned thereon to an angle of 90°, so that by the
reciprocating motion the water will be thrown against the heads of the casks.
Lastly. Should the internal cleansing not be required, the frame e may be made
stationary.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, as communicated to me by my correspondent, I claim in respect
of apparatus for washing or cleansing casks and like receptacles,-
First. The use of a rocking or reciprocating frame having rotating antifriction
rollers on which the cask to be cleansed rests so as to receive both a reciprocating
and a rotary motion therefrom, the said frame being supported either on rocking
standards or rails, substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 4 to 8.
Second. The use of lateral brushes mounted on rotatable frames in forked arms
so as to be capable of being turned to bring a brush of the desired size against the
cask, substantially as herein described.
Third. The use of top brushes, arranged and operating substantially as herein
described and shewn on the Drawings.
Fourth. The arrangements herein described whereby the brushes may be moved
to and from the cask.
Fifth. The arrangements herein described for moving the casks into and out of
the machine.
Sixth. The combination of the frame for carrying the casks, which may be either
reciprocating or stationary, with the arrangement of side and top brushes moveable
to and from the casks, and with the arrangements for moving the casks into and out
of the machine, substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 4 to 8 of
the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
GERARD WENZESLATTS BOY NAWRONT