Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Cycles, Motor Cars, and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 15th May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Cycles,
Motor Cars, and other Road Vehicles.
I, GEORGE CROSLAND TAYLOR, of Ravenscar, Helsby, near Warrington, in
the County of Chester, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention which relates to pneumatic tyres for the wheels of cycles, motor
cars and other road vehicles, has for its object to provide the tyres with a protecting
case, cover or armouring which will secure them against the risk of puncture, and
which is light in weight and possesses great elasticity, thus maintaining the
resiliency of the pneumatic tyre.
:
The protective case, cover or armouring for pneumatic tyres which forms the
subject of this invention is made of thin sheet steel or other suitably elastic and
non-puncturable metal.
It is applied in such way that every portion of the tread of the tyre is protected
by a metal backing. In one form a long length of the sheet metal of narrow
width is folded flat upon itself in a zig-zag manner so as to form a folded strip in
width more than half the circumference of the cross section of the tyre, and of
the required length. This folded strip is then curved transversely to the shape of
the tyre and is afterwards inserted between the canvas or rubber lining and the
outer cover of the tyre, or it may be vulcanized with the tyre, tyre-cover of
rubber lining, or be applied direct as an inner cover to the air tube tyre.
#
In another form the sheet metal is cut into short and narrow strips and these
are arranged transversely on the canvas or rubber lining of the tyre cover or other
foundation, and alternately on the upper and under sides thereof and slightly
overlapping so as to form a complete armouring. These strips are secured by
turning one end of each over on to the partly overlapped strips on the other side
of the lining or foundation, or they may be vulcanized with the rubber where such
is used.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 shows a portion of a blank or strip of metal ready to be folded to form a
tyre armouring according to the first form of my invention, and Fig. 2 shows the
same folded;
Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line a x of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an end view of
Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the armouring after the same has been curved
ready for application to a pneumatic tyre;
Fig. 6 is a cross section of a tyre cover with the armouring in position ready for
application to a pneumatic tyre;
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are cross sections of pneumatic tyres showing the covers and
armouring fitted thereto in slightly modified ways;
Fig. 10 is a transverse section of the armouring formed as an outer cover for a
pneumatic tyre;
Fig. 11 shows a portion of a rubber or canvas lining or other foundation,
armoured in accordance with the second form of my invention ;
Fig. 12 is a section taken on the line z z of Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 is a section taken
on the line y y of Fig. 11.

page_text: The same letters of reference where they occur are used to denote the same or
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Referring first to Figs. 1 to 5, a blank A, of thin sheet steel or other suitably
elastic and non-puncturable metal, is taken of convenient width, and of a length
sufficient, when folded, to armour the tyre all round the circumference of the wheel.
This blank is folded or bent back upon itself in a ziz-zag manner as follows;—
commencing with the end A' the bottom or under fold is laid flat, the top edge
thereof being marked a b in Fig. 2. Then at 6 the material is folded or bent down
flat upon itself with an angle at b such that the top edge b c of this second fold is
rather less than a diagonal of the first strip. This is seen better by referring to
the third fold, marked c, d, d', e', in Fig. 2. On examining the drawing of this
fold it will be seen that in the formation of the next or fourth fold, the upper edge
of which is marked de, the point e falls above the corner c¹ of the parallelo
gram c, d, d', e, which forms the third fold already referred to. All the folds are
made in exactly the same manner, each being in the shape of a parallelogram, and
making equal angles with the contiguous folds above and below it and all being of
the same length so that the exterior or bounding lines bf and c 9 are straight
lines. This method of folding or bending results in the production of three
thicknesses of the metal along the central line, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, except
of course at the extreme ends, and of four thicknesses caused by the double
bending at the outer corners where adjacent folds overlap, as for example, at the
corner marked e c'.
The folded strip of suitable length so formed is curved or shaped transversely
by any suitable means after the manner shown in cross section in Fig. 5, and it
is then applied to the tyre.
In Fig. 6, this armouring A 2 is shown placed in position between the canvas or
other lining B and the outer cover C of what is known as a "Dunlop " cover, in
which preferably the lining B is made in two parts to overlap in the centre, so as
to provide for the ready removal of the armouring when desired. Fig. 7 shows
the cover illustrated in Fig. 6, applied to a pneumatic tyre D. Fig. 8 is a similar
view in which however the armouring is vulcanised in the tyre cover C. Fig. 9 is
a slight modification in which the outer edges A 3 of the armouring A 2 are curved
outwards to fit with the cover C under the inwardly curved edges E' of the metal
rim E of the wheel.
Fig. 10 shows the armouring, made somewhat wider than before, curved so as to
enclose about three fourths of the circumference of the cross section of the tyre
and turned back at the edges as shown at A 4. In this form the armouring is
adapted to be fitted direct to a tyre, after the manner of a Dunlop " cover, and
is secured thereto in the usual manner by wires F passing all round the rim of the
wheel.
66
In Figs. 11 to 13, G represents a strip of rubber or canvas lining for a tyre cover
or other foundation, and H represents a number of strips of sheet steel or other
suitably elastic and non-puncturable metal. These strips H as shown in Fig. 12
are placed alternately on the upper and under sides and transversely of the rubber
or canvas lining or foundation G and so that every strip slightly overlaps the next
two on the other side of the lining or foundation, the strips being secured to the
lining or foundation by turning over one end of each strip on to the two over-
lapped strips on the other side, as shown in Figs. 11 and 13, or they may be
vulcanized with the rubber when such is used.
If desired this form of my invention may when secured to a canvas, rubber, or
other foundation, be applied direct as a cover to a pneumatic tyre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. An armouring for pneumatic tyres consisting of a sheet of thin steel or other
ɛuitably elastic and non-puncturable metal folded or bent back upon itself in a

page_text: zig-zag manner so as to form a folded strip which is subsequently curved to fit the
tyre and applied thereto in any of the ways herein described.
2. An armouring for pneumatic tyres consisting of a canvas or rubber lining or
other foundation to which strips of thin steel or other suitably elastic and non-
puncturable metal are secured transversely, alternately on the two sides of the
lining or foundation so that every strip slightly overlaps the two adjacent strips
lying on the other side of said lining or foundation, the armoured material so
produced being applied to the air tube tyre as an outer cover or as an inner lining
to a rubber outer cover substantially as described.
3. The improved armouring for pneumatic tyres constructed and applied
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 10 or Figs. 11 to 13
respectively of the accompanying drawings.
F. W. GOLBY,
36 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agent for the Applicant.