IMPROVEMENTS IN AD- JUSTABLE SPANNERS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Pattinson, of Sheffield, in the West Riding of the
County of York, Engineer,, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AD-
JUSTABLE SPANNERS."
"
Sealed the 25th June 1878, and dated the 26th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Pattinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th March 1878.
JOHN PATTINSON, of Sheffield, in the West Riding of the County of York,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ADJUSTABLE SPANNERS.
This Invention relates to spanners which are capable of adjustment so as to fit
and act on nuts or other objects of varying size.
This Invention consists in the employment of a spring (or springs) or other
elastic medium at the back of the moveable jaw, and in the formation of the said
jaw, so as to allow of its movement transversely across the shaft or handle of the
spanner.
This Invention is applicable to "Clyburn" and other descriptions of adjustable
spanners.
In carrying into effect the principles of my Invention in the improvement of the
"Clyburn" spanner this method can be adopted, that is to say, the back of the
moveable jaw can be so recessed or formed as to contain a spring (or springs) of a
helical, conical, or other suitable form, which said spring will act on the moveable
jaw of the spanner to retain the teeth of the worm in the grooves or recesses on
the shaft or handle of the spanner, and allow it to work therein as is now ordinarily
the case, but my improvements consist in so forming the back of the jaw as that
when the spring therein is depressed, the worm will be released from the shaft or

page_text: handle of the spanner, and the moveable jaw can slide easily to any position on the
said shaft or handle, and when the said spring is released the teeth of the worm
will again engage or gear into the recesses or grooves on the said shaft, and the
said jaw will be retained firmly in position. The moveable jaw, spring, and other
parts of the spanner can be made of steel or other suitable material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Pattinson in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 4th July
1878.
JOHN PATTINSON, of Sheffield, in the West Riding of the County of York,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ADJUSTABLE SPANNERS."
My improvements consist in forming the front of the moveable jaw of a spanner
with a rectangular hole, in which revolves a threaded wheel, notched so as to be easily
rotated by the finger and thumb; this thread wheel gears into similar threads to
the front edge of the stock of the spanner, and revolves on a centro pin or spindle
which is screwed into the front of the moveable jaw, or which is secured therein in
any other convenient manner; this centre pin or spindle has a bearing at both ends
in the front of the moveable jaw.
The back of the moveable jaw is formed hollow, having in the cavity a
spring of any convenient form, which acts on the moveable jaw, and on the stock
of the spanner.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 is a plan, and Figure 2 is an edge or
side view of my improved adjustable spanner; and Figure 3 is an end view of the
moveable jaw, showing the stock or handle of the spanner in cross section at and
from the dotted lines A, A; Figure 4 shows a transverse section through the
moveable jaw, stock, or handle, and the worm wheel, at the dotted line B, B.
In using and adjusting my improved adjustable spanner the operator will press
the back of the moveable jaw, by which the spring will be depressed or closed, and
the threaded wheel will be released from the threads in the front edge of the stock
or handle of the spanner, so that the moveable jaw can be slid along the stock
when the pressure on the back of the moveable jaw is removed, the spring will
force the threads of the wheel into the threads in the stock, and the moveable jaw
will thus be held securely in the desired position. The moveable jaw can be moved
along the stock by rotating the threaded wheel as well as by the means above
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and specified in what manner the same is to be or can be performed, I claim
as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,

page_text: "Improvements in Adjustable Spanners," substantially as herein-before specified,
described, and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Pattinson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Second day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JOHN PATTINSON. (L.S.)