IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD OR OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samson Fox, William Fox, aud Joseph Reffitt,
of Silver Cross Works, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineers
and Tool Makers, and George Grange, of Pateley Bridge, in the
said County, Bobbin Turner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD OR OTHER
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 29th June 1869, and dated the 30th December 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samson Fox, William
Fox, Joseph Reffitt, and George Grange, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 30th December
1868.
We, SAMSON Fox, WILLIAM Fox, and JOSEPH REFFITT, of Silver
Cross Works, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineers and Tool Makers,
and GEORGE GRANGE, of Pateley Bridge, in the said County, Bobbin
Turner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-

page_text: PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD OR
OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machinery to be employed chiefly for the
cutting and shaping of wood in the manufacture of bobbins or spools, or
trenails for railway chairs, or various kinds of brush handles and other
wood turning, but is also applicable for the cutting and shaping of
various articles in metal, such as gas and steam taps, and other brass or
metal fittings, and the improvements relate,―
Firstly. To constructing a machine for roughing or preparing wood to
be afterwards formed into bobbins or spools, consisting of suitable frame-
work, on which is a stationary headstock with centre point, pin, or
holder, and a slidable headstock carrying a rotary hollow spindle, on
which is mounted a cutter box having three or more cutting tools, and
another slidable headstock carrying a spindle or pin capable of sliding
in the hollow spindle, and having a centre point, pin, or holder thereon,
also a rotary shaft carrying a cam or tappet mounted in this framework,
which cam is formed and set to operate upon the two slidable headstocks
at suitable times, the slidable spindle being pushed forward to hold the
block of wood to be operated upon betwixt itself and the pin or holder
of the stationary headstock, while the said cam also operates upon the
headstock carrying the hollow rotary spindle and cutter box, which
thereby cuts and reduces the block of wood to the proper form and size
according to the setting of the cutters, the said cam also operating to
return the cutter head and the slidable spindle, when the block thus
roughed is thereby released and another introduced to be roughed in like
manner, and so on.
Secondly. As relates to machines for finishing bobbins or spools the
improvements consist in the adaptation of one rotary spindle to form a
double machine by being mounted on a stationary headstock supported
on suitable framework, each end of the said spindle being provided with
centre points or holders, and two slidable headstocks with centre points,
one to each end of the rotary spindle.
Thirdly. The improvements consist in constructing these rotating
spindles with two conical necks and adjustable bushes, so that by screw
nuts, set screws, or cotters they may at all times be adjusted or kept,
close fitting in their bearings, thus maintaining true centres.
Fourthly. This Invention relates to machinery having a rotary spindle
carrying circular or other formed cutting tools, and also lateral motion

page_text: either by oscillatory arms or slidable bearings, and the improvements
consist in so mounting the headstock or bearings as to be capable of
swivelling or turning, so that the said spindle may be set either in or
out of parallelism with the axial line of the wood or other material
under operation.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME we, SAMSON
Fox, WILLIAM Fox, and JOSEPH REFFITT, of Silver Cross Works,
Leeds, in the County of York, Engineers and Tool Makers, and GEORGE
GRANGE, of Pateley Bridge, in the said County Bobbin Turner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Sampson Fox, William Fox, Joseph Reffitt,
and George Grange, Her special licence that we, the said Sampson Fox,
William Fox, Joseph Reffitt, and George Grange, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Sampson Fox,
William Fox, Joseph Reffitt, and George Grange, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD OR OTHER MATERIALS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Sampson Fox, William
Fox, Joseph Reffitt, and George Grange, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in. writing under our, or their, or one of our or their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office

page_text: within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samson Fox, William Fox, Joseph
Reffitt, and George Grange, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment and accompanying Sheets of Drawings (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to machinery to be employed chiefly for the
cutting and shaping of wood in the manufacture of bobbins or spools, or
trenails for railway chairs, or various kinds of brush handles and other
wood turning, but is also applicable for the cutting and shaping of
various articles in metal, such as gas and steam taps, and other brass or
metal fittings, and the improvements relate,-
Firstly. To constructing a machine for roughing or preparing wood to
be afterwards formed into bobbins or spools, consisting of suitable frame-
work, on which is a stationary headstock with centre point, pin, or
holder, and a slidable headstock carrying a rotary hollow spindle, on
which is mounted a cutter box having three or more cutting tools, and
another slidable headstock carrying a spindle or pin capable of sliding
in the hollow spindle, and having a centre point, pin, or holder thereon,
also a rotary shaft carrying a cam or tappet mounted in this framework,
which cam is formed and set to operate upon the two slidable headstocks
at suitable times, the slidable spindle being pushed forward to hold the
block of wood to be operated upon betwixt itself and the pin or holder
of the stationary headstock, while the said cam also operates upon the
headstock carrying the hollow rotary spindle and cutter box, which
thereby cuts and reduces the block of wood to the proper size and form
according to the setting of the cutters, the said cam also operating to
return the cutter head and the slidable spindle, when the block thus
roughed is thereby released and another introduced to be roughed in like
manner, and so on.
Secondly. As relates to machines for finishing bobbins or spools the
improvements consist in the adaptation of one rotary spindle to form a
double machine by being mounted on a stationary headstock supported
on suitable framework, each end of the said spindle being provided with
centre points or holders, and two slidable headstocks with centre points,
one to each end of the rotary spindle.
Thirdly. The improvements consist in constructing these rotating

page_text: Fig. 1 is a plan, and Fig. 2 is a vertical and longitudinal section of a
machine constructed in accordance with the first part of this Invention
for roughing or preparing wood or other material, to be finished after-
wards by other machinery.
A is the framework; B, the stationary headstock; C, the slidable
headstock, having an arm carrying a friction roller C'; and D is the
rotary hollow spindle, on the end of which is mounted the cutter box
or a face plate E for carrying the cutting tools; F is the other slidable
headstock, having an arm carrying a friction roller F'; and G is the
slidable spindle which fits in the hollow of the spindle D, so as to be
supported by and slide therein; H is the rotary shaft carrying a cam or
tappet I, which is suitably shaped or formed and set to act upon the
friction rollers C' and F' at proper times to give the required slide
motion to the headstocks. The friction roller C₁ enters a side groove in
the cam I, which as the shaft rotates causes the headstock C to be
gradually moved forward towards the stationary headstock, and then
quickly returned, being assisted by a weight J attached by a chain to
the said headstock. The headstock F with the spindle G is pressed
towards the stationary headstock by a lever and a moveable weight R,
which is adjusted in its force or pressure so as to hold the wood or other
material betwixt the centres or holders G₁ and B' whilst the cutters
operate thereon, and the said headstock F is returned by the action of
the cam I upon the friction roller F'. Motion is given to the hollow

page_text: spindle by strap acting on the pulley D' in the usual manner of driving
and motion is communicated to the shaft H by worm K and wheel L
on shaft M, on which are the driving pullies N.
Fig. 3 is a plan and Fig. 4 is a vertical and longitudinal section of a
machine for finishing bobbins or similar articles of turnery constructed
according to the second part of this Invention.
A is the framework, having a stationary headstock B, upon which i
mounted the rotary spindle C with its centre points or holders C¹ and C³,
one at each end; D and E are the two headstocks with slidable spindles,
having centre points or holders D' and E', which are operated by hand
levers F and G to push them up to the work, or to the blocks of wood
or other material placed betwixt the said centres to be finished; H and I
are ordinary slide rests or cutting tool holders and carriers, which are
operated by hand levers J and K in the usual manner; L and M are
slide rests and tool holders or carriers arranged to move at an angle to
the others, so as to dish the ends of the bobbins, which are operated or
moved with and by rods N and O connected to the rests H and I.
Fig. 5 shews two angle slides for dishing, the one for roughing and the
other for finishing.
The third part of our Invention is shewn in Figs. 2 and 4, where P
arc conical necks or collars formed or fitted on the spindles, and Q are
bushes fitting the said necks and into the bearings of the headstocks,
which are bored and turned parallel to fit, and having nuts R screwed
thercon, by which to adjust them in suitable positions in the bearings
and to the collars.
Fig. 6 is a plan, Fig. 7 is an end elevation, and Fig. 8 is a front
elevation of a roughing machine constructed in accordance with the
fourth part of our said Invention.
C is an ordinary pair of slide headstocks with a rotary spindle D for
giving motion to a set of circular or other formed cutters E, and which
headstock is operated by tappet F fixed on a rotary shaft in the usual
manner; G is a pair of headstocks with rotary spindle G₁ and slide
pin G2 operated by a lever G³ to bring the centres together for holding
the wood or other material to be operated upon by the circular cutter as
usual. These headstocks are mounted on a plate H which rests upon
another plate or slide bed I and capable of swivelling thereon to any
desirable angle, J being the centre or pivot, and K the set screw or

page_text: bolt to hold it in the required position. The slide bed I is moved by
wheel and screw L in the usual manner.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and
shewn by the accompanying Drawings how the same is to be or may
be performed, we would have it understood that we do not confine our-
selves to the precise details as herein set forth, nor do we claim all the
parts of the machinery shewn and described; but what we do claim
under the first part of the said Invention is,―
The combination, construction, and arrangement of machinery for the
purposes set forth, in manner substantially as shewn and described.
Secondly. The adaptation of one rotary spindle so as to form or con-
stitute a double machine.
Thirdly. Constructing each spindle with conical necks and adjustable
bushes.
Fourthly. The method of mounting such headstocks upon their bed
so as to swivel, to enable the axial lines of the cutters and of the
material to be set at any desirable angle to each other.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sampson Fox, for and on behalf of
myself and the said William Fox, Joseph Reffitt, and George
Grange, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth
day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Sampson Fox in
the presence of
Wч. TASKER,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.
SAMSON FOX. (L.S.)