Nitrocellulose.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Nov., 1888
143
Nitrocellulose.
I, ALEXANDER ORK, of 98 Raeberry Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to
be as follows, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its objects to improve and extend the applications of
nitrocellulose and its compounds; and in carrying out my Invention I employ a new
and advantageous solvent for the nitrocellulose and I combine the solution thereby
obtained with other ingredients to form compounds useful for various purposes.
The solvent I employ is a chlor-acetate of chlor-amyl and is obtained from fusel oil
by means of chlorine and other chemicals. This solvent may be diluted with from
2 to 5 parts of fusel oil to every part of it, whereby it may be much economised in its
applications.
The solution of nitrocellulose formed with the solvent may be used as a varnish for
coating metals, leather, woven fabrics, papers, pictures, photographs, and other things.
The solution may be mixed with castor oil, and wood pitch, paraffin, bitumen, or
similar substances, the compound thereby formed being a good insulating substance
for electrical purposes. By way of example I may state that a good insulating
material is made by combining about 100 parts nitrocellulose, 100 parts castor oil,
75 parts wood pitch or similar substance, and a sufficient quantity of the mixture of
fusel oil and the chlor-acetate of chlor-amyl to render the compound mobile enough to
pass through a strainer. The compound should be passed between rolls, heated by
steam or otherwise, and rotating with different surface speeds so as to have a grinding
action; and when rendered homogeneous and of uniform consistency it may be rolled
into sheets, or be spread on a woven fabric or other material, or be applied in wire
covering machinery for making electric conducting wires. The masticating process
used in rubber works may be substituted for the roller grinding operation described,
but I prefer the roller grinding operation. Spreading and other apparatus used in
applying rubber may be employed with my improved compound which also like rubber
may be charged with coloring and other substances.
Dated this Eleventh day of January 1888.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: provements in Forming Solutions and Compounds or
Nitrocellulose.
1, ALEXANDER ORR, lately of 98 Raeberry Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, but now of 1 Park Terrace, Irvine, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, that is to say:—
My said Invention has for its objects to improve and extend the applications of
nitrocellulose and its compounds, and in carrying out my Invention I employ a new
and advantageous solvent for the nitrocellulose and I combine the solution. or
compound thereby obtained with other ingredients to form compounds: useful for
various purposes.
The solvent I employ is a chloracetate of chloramyl and is obtained from fusel oil
in a well known manner by means of chlorine and other chemicals. This solvent may
be diluted with from 2 to 5 parts of fusel oil for every part of it, whereby it may bo
much economised in its applications.
The solution or compound of nitrocellulose formed with the solvent may be used as
a varnish for coating metals, leather, woven fabrics, paper, pictures, photographs,
glass, and other things, with or without the addition of castor or other suitable oil or
coloring matter.
The solution or compound formed as described or more or less concentrated, and if
desired mixed with castor oil and pigments or coloring matters, may be used for.
waterproofing and coating fabrics and similar purposes; or it may be rolled into
sheets for other applications and as a groundwork for various manufactures. I have
found the following composition satisfactory and advantageous, namely, 100 parts of
nitrocellulose, 200 parts of the solvent, and 100 parts of castor oil; I do not however
confine myself to these proportions.
Hard substances may be produced by means of the solution or compound of nitro-
cellulose, such as imitation ivory, horn, tortoise-shell, and the like, by dispensing with
the whole or larger part of the castor oil, and in some cases adding camphor. To
form white or light-colored products zinc oxide, china clay, or other suitable white
substance must be added; and for imitation tortoise-shell, malachite, and similar
products such coloring matters or pigments may be used as are employed for similar
purposes with other principal ingredients.
The compound with nitrocellulose and the solvent and with or without any of the
other ingredients indicated, may, in the concentrated condition be mixed with wood
pitch or Turkish bitumen or other suitable bitumen which will soften with the nitro-
cellulose compound to form a compound which possesses good insulating properties
and is not easily or quickly altered by the action of the atmosphere, or of soils even
when charged with decomposing organic matter, or of salt water or fresh water, being

page_text: in this respect superior to many insulating materials hitherto in use. As an example,
and without restricting myself to the precise proportions I may stato that a good
insulating material is formed by combining 100 parts of the nitrocellulose compound
or solution, 100 parts castor oil, and 75 parts wood pitch or its equivalent.
Any of my improved compounds when in a pasty or thick condition should be
passed through a strainer and then be submitted to grinding action by rollers, such
rollers being heated by steam or otherwise and rotating with different surface speeds.
When the compound has been rendered of uniform consistency it may be spread on a
woven fabric or other material; or it may be rolled into shoots; or it may be applied
by wire-covering machinery for insulating purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1-Forming a solution or compound with nitrocellulose by combining it with
chloracete of chloramyl and with or without fusel oil substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2-Forming a material to be used as a varnish, or a material for coating fabrics
or forming sheets, or a hard material for various purposes, by forming a solution or
compound with nitrocellulose and chloracetate of chloramyl and with or without one
or more of the following, namely, fusel oil, castor oil, and coloring matters or pigments,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
3-Forming an insulating material by combining wood pitch or a suitable bitumen
with castor oil and with the solution or compound formed with nitrocellulose and
chloracetate of chloramyl, and with or without fusel oil, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
D
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.