IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RULING AND HATCHING
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lloyd Wise, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City
of Westminster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR RULING AND HATCHING." A communication from abroad by
Johann Anton Umbach, of Hamburg, in the Empire of Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lloyd Wise at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th August 1880.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RULING AND HATCHING."
A communication from abroad by Johann Anton Umbach, of Hamburg, in the
Empire of Germany.
In machines heretofore employed for ruling or hatching by lithographers,
engravers, and draughtsmen, resetting has been required preparatory to commencing
a fresh line. In such cases the screw which moves the drawing apparatus must be
turned according to the graduating, then the marking instrument must be lifted off
the drawing surface, taken back to the starting point and carefully let down, after
which the new line may be drawn. These operations take up considerable time,
especially when many lines have to be drawn.
The improved machine forming the subject of this Invention greatly simplifies
the manipulation, and by its use ruling and hatching can be performed by persons
not skilled in that kind of work, as it only involves the simple turning backwards
and forwards of a handle with one hand. The raising and lowering of the marking
instruinent, as well as the setting of the drawing apparatus, are performed at the
same time by the same backward and forward motion.
One construction of the improved ruling machine is illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
Ruling machines are generally surrounded by a frame, of which two parallel sides a
are constructed as sliding rails, on which rests a frame which travels on these sliding
rails, upon this frame the drawing apparatus and the contrivance for setting the same
are placed. This frame is marked b, b. A screw c on the frame 6 on being turned
moves the nut d, by which the drawing apparatus e, e, is caused to advance or
recede. When a new line has to be drawn the handle f has only to be turned in

page_text: the direction of the arrow, from which follows, firstly, the drawing apparatus is
moved through the proper distance which the lines have to be apart; secondly, the
instrument which forms the lines is lifted off the drawing surface; thirdly, the
drawing apparatus is moved back over the drawing surface; fourthly, the marking
instrument is again lowered and the following line may be drawn. In this manner
the handle fmoves freely round g; the ratchet-pawl h turns the ratchet-wheel i
until the stop comes into contact with l. The arc of the circle from the original
position of the handle f until it touches the stop denotes the amount of rotation
of the screw c, the travel of the drawing apparatus, and the degree of fineness of
the lining. The marking instrument is lifted off the surface of the drawing by
the turning of the handle in consequence of the eccentric m moving the wedge or
incline which lifts up the marking instrument o. Thirdly, the whole frame with
the drawing apparatus is moved on the rails a by the handle f and brought sliding
back over the drawing surface, when the direction in which it is going is changed.
Then, fourthly, the marking instrument o is lowered again, the handle is turned
back, assumes its original position, and then another line can be drawn at the set
distance.
It must be mentioned that the turning of the handle does not act directly on the
screw but by the medium of the tooth-wheels p and q. If required to turn the
drawing apparatus back quickly the crank must be made use of. The original
position of the handle is fixed by the adjustable stop u, which is fastened on by the
screw v, and which can be moved freely as required on the circular plate t. The
stop u is fixed according to the fineness of the lining. w is a balancing weight of
the instrument o, which cannot be moved. Mistakes, such as omitting to remove
the drawing apparatus, lifting off and lowering of the lining instrument, as well as
a too speedy or violent lowering of the same, which very often happen with
machines of other constructions, are obviated with this new machine..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Lloyd Wise in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
February 1881.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 7, Whitehall Place, in the City of Westminster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RULING AND HATCHING."
(A communication from abroad by Johann Anton Umbach, of Hamburg, in the
Empire of Germany.)
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or apparatus for
ruling and hatching.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a plan and Fig. 2 a vertical sectional
elevation in line x, y, of Fig. 1.
:-
My foreign correspondent describes the apparatus as follows:-
"The guide rails a carry the travelling frame b, on which are mounted the
bearings of all the operative parts of the machine. The screw spindle c, suitably
journalled on the frame b, is adapted to freely revolve, but is prevented from
lateral or side motion. One end of the spindle c extends outwardly a short
distance, and upon such is mounted the pinion q gearing into the cog-wheel p. The
latter is fixed on the shaft g, which carries at the outside end the handle y and at
other end the ratchet wheel i. This end of the shaft g passes through a stationary
disc t with the stop l, and the clamp u with the set screw v. The nut d fits around
the screw shaft c and carries the tool frame e with the tool o and moveable weight r,
as well as an adjusting weight on the screw lever 8 for balancing the tool. The
turning of the handle y will cause by means of the wheel gearing g and the
nut & with the tool frame e to travel upon the screw spindle.
The hand lever f, carrying the pawl h, the wedge k, and the cam m, the latter
clamped to the lever f, are arranged to turn freely on the shaft g. The two levers n
and are both acted upon by the cam m for the purpose of raising the tool before
the backward travelling motion of the tool commences.
If the instrument has to be used it is placed upon the portion of the sheet or
stone to be ruled, and the tool o placed above its starting point by turning the
screw shaft c by means of the handle y. The distance between the lines is then
regulated by setting the clamp u on the disc t at the desired distance from the
stop . Grasping now the handle of the lever f the first line will be made by
drawing the whole apparatus to the right. In reversing the motion of the hand
the cam m will, through the lever n, act on the lever x, depressing the same, and
through it the rear portion of the tool frame e, thus raising the tool o. Continuing
the motion the lever f, through the pawl h, will turn the ratchet wheel i, and by it
the shaft g, and the cog wheel p and pinion g to feed the carriage further along.
The cog-wheel p is of larger diameter than the corresponding wheel q on the
shaft e, and is introduced to accelerate the revolution of the screw shaft. Thus the
screw will be turned and the nut d, with tool frame e, carried a certain distance
till the wedge k will strike the stop 1, thus terminating the motion of the
lever f"
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and explained the manner of
carrying it into practical effect, as communicated to me, as aforesaid, I claim,-
A self-acting contrivance on ruling machines for lifting, lowering, and setting
the tool by means of the forward and backward motion during the ruling by one
hand only.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lloyd Wise, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one