Improvements in Incandescence Burners for Vapour Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: France),
Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 19th Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 19th May, 1897-Accepted, 26th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescence Burners for Vapour Lamps.
I, PAUL DOUDART DE LA GRÉB, of 95 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The ordinary petroleum lamp draws its liquid by capillary action to the top of a
wick, where it burns as flame, the liquid being replaced by capillary aotion in
proportion as it is burned away.
The object of my invention is to vaporize the liquid without burning it, to mix
air with the vapour as soon as it leaves the wick and to convoy it in the state of
a combustible gas through a grato or trellis where it is burnt in the form of an
intense flame undor a mantle or hood of fabric such as is used for incandescent gas
lighting.
In order to obtain the vaporization without combustion at the place where the
wick terminates, I convey to the extremity of this wick the heat disengaged under
the mantle at the outer side of the grate or trellis, by the conductibility of a metal
rod of suitable shape.
I effect the mixing of this vapour with air and cause it to ascend above the grate
or trellis by means of an air current of sufficient length similar to that which directs
the flame in ordinary lamps.
In this manner I transform any petroleum burning lamp of the ordinary kind, into
a petroleum burning incandescence lamp.
By way of example I will describe a burner constructed according to my system
fitted to a circular wick petroleum lamp.
The wick tube, in which the wick is raised and lowered in the ordinary way by
means of an adjusting rowel, is surrounded by an outer circular metal sleeve of a size
suitable to insure the passage of air necessary for the mixing, and which is narrowed
at its upper part by a curve in order to form a grate holder, upon which an ordinary
incandescence mantle is fitted.
This sleeve is fitted to the lamp body over a neck or flange arranged for this
purpose and thus forms a ciroular crown or ring fed by a series of channels which
traverse the lamp all along its height, so as to lengthen the current of air to the
necessary extent. This air current is moreover increased by the draught of the
chimney which is supported in the usual way.
A hoat conducting rod appropriate in form and length traverses the grating and
receiving at its upper portion all the heat produced by the combustion, conducts it
to the upper end of the wick. This rod is held by small stays in an invariable position

page_text: relatively to the outer sleeve which is at its base maintained concentric with the wick
tube.
A piece of wire gauze connected to the rod facilitates the mixing of the vapours
with the air conveyed through the sleovo.
The central channel is preferably closed at its upper part in order to prevent the
descent of vapour therein, but it may be kept open by suitably forming the lower part
of the heat conducting rod and providing a sufficient air current.
By means of a suitable lever mechanism the outer sleave and the conducting rod,
carried thereon may be raised from one to two centimeters.
In order to light the lamp, the outor sleeve is lifted so that the heat conducting
rod leaves the wick tube. The wick is adjusted as in an ordinary lamp by means of
a rowel or toothed wheel device analogous to that used in ordinary petroleum wick
lamps. Lighting doors formed in the outer sleevo near the top of the wick are then
opened, and, if necessary the central tube is placed in communication with the outer
air and the wick is then lighted. When the flame has sufficiently heated the
conducting rod the aforesaid lighting doors are closed, the wick is lowered in order to
extinguish the flame, and the outer sleeve and conducting rod are returned to their
normal position.
The wick is then turned up more or less, according to the quantity of vapour to be
developed, and the liquid which it convoys is at once vaporized by the heat of the
conducting rod. The air current passing up the outer sleeve carries the vapour along
and mixes with it, the mixing being facilitated by the division of the vapour into
streams by the wire gauze.
The gaseous mixture carried along by the air current then traverses the grating,
is ignited and burns in the form of an intense flamo, devoloping sufficient heat to
maintain the said flame as well as to effect the vaporisation of the liquid. In order
that it may not be carbonized the wick may be maile of asbestos, refractory material,
or the like.
I may also, if necessary, effect the first heating of the rod by other moans than the
combustion of the wick and especially, by means of a small cup filled with alcohol or
methylated spirit provided below the rod.
Dated this 19th day of August 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
1, PAUL DOUDART DE LA GRÉE, of 95 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declaro the nature of this invontion and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The ordinary petroleum lamp draws its liquid by capillary action to the top of a
wick, where it burns as flame, the liquid boing replaced by capillary action in
proportion as it is burned away.
The object of my invention is to vaporize the liquid without burning it, to mix
air with the vapour as soon as it leaves the wick and to convey it in the state of
a combustible gas through a grate or trellis where it is burnt in the form of an
intense flame, under a mantle or hood of fabric such as is used for incandescent gas
lighting.
In order to obtain the vaporization without combustion at the place where the wick

page_text: terminates, I convey to the extremity of this wick the heat disongaged under the
mantle at tho outer side of the grate or trellis, by the conductibility of a metal rod
of suitable shape.
I effect the mixing of this vaponr with air and cause it to ascend above the grate
or trellis by means of an air current of sufficient length similar to that which directs
the flame in ordinary lamps.
In this manner I transform any petroleum lamp of the ordinary kind into a
petroleum incandescence lamp.
In order that my invention may be readily understood I will describe the same
more fully with referenco to the accompanying drawing which illustratos by way
of example a burner constructed according to my system fitted to a circular wick
petroleum lamp.
The wick tube A in which tho wick is raised and lowered in the ordinary way by
cans of an adjusting rowol, is surrounded by an outer circular metal sleeve B of a
size suitable to insure the passago of air necessary for the mixing, and which is
narrowed at its upper part by a ourvo in order to form a holder for tho grating C,
upon which an ordinary incandescence mantle is fitted.
This sleeve B is fitted to the lamp body over a neok or flange D arranged for this
purpose and this forms a circular crown or ring F fod by a series of chanuels F
which traverse the lamp all along its height, so as to lengthon the current of air to
the necessary extent. This air current is moreover increased by the draught of the
chimney which is supported in the usual way.
A heat conducting rod T T', appropriate in form and length traverses the grating C
and, receiving at its upper portion T all the heat produced by the combustion,
conducts it to the upper end of the wick. This rod is held by small stays s s' in an
invariable position relatively to the outer sleeve B. which is at its base maintained
concentric with the wick tube.
A piece of wire gauze V connected to the rod T T facilitates the mixing of the
vapours with the air conveyed through the sleovo B.
The central channel G is preferably closed at its upper part in order to prevent
the descent of vapour therein, but it may be kept over by suitably forming
the lower part of the heat conducting rod T, T, and providing a sufficient air
current.
By means of a suitable lever mechanism the outer sleeve B and the conducting
rod TT, carried thereon may be raised from ono to two centimetros.
In order to light the lamp, the outer sleeve is lifted so that the heat conducting
rod T T leaves tho wick tube. The wick is adjusted as in an ordinary lamp by means
of a rowel or toothed wheel device M. (indicated diagrammatically) analogous to that
used in ordinary petroleum wick lamps. Lighting doors X formed in the outer
sleeve near the top of the wick are then opened and, if necessary, the central tubo is
placed in communication with tho outer air and the wick is then lighted. When the
Hame has sufficiently heated the conducting rod the aforesaid lighting doors X are
closed, the wick is lowered in ordor to extinguish the flame, and the outer sloeve and
conducting rod aro returned to their normal position.
The wick is then turned up more or less, according to the quantity of vapour to be
developed, and the liquid which it convoys is at once vaporized by the heat of the
conducting rods T T The air current passing up the outer sleeve B carrios the
vapour along and mixes with it, the nuxing being facilitated by the division of
the vapour into streams by the wire gauze.
The gaseous mixture carried along by the air current then traverses the grating C
is ignited and burns in the form of an intense flame, developing sufficient heat to
maintain the said flame as well as to effect the vaporisation of the liquid. In order
that it may not be carbonized the wick may be made of asbestos, refractory material,
or the like.
I may also, if necessary, effect the first heating of the rod by other means than the
combustion of the wick and especially, by moans of a small cup filled with alcohol or
methylated spirit provided below the rod.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved incandescent burner for ordinary petroleum lamps, in which
burnor the heat disengagod beneath the mautle is conveyed to the upper extremity of
the wick of the lamp by the conductive action of a metal rod of appropriate shape
placed in the flame; while the air required for producing a carburetted gas mixture
arrives at the sides of the burner and is mixed with the vapours produced at the
extremity of the wick, so that this mixture may then he ignited above a grate
terminating the burner.
The method of fixing the burner, above referred to, upon the body of an ordinary
petroleum lamp, so that any petroleum lamp of the ordinary type may he transformed
into an incandescent lamp.
Dated this 10th day of May 1807
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.