An Improved Manufacture of Oils, Fats, Wax, and other analogous Substances Freed from Odour and Flavour.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 10th Feb.,
1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by FABRIQUES DE PRODUITS CHIMIQUES DE
THANN ET DE MULHOUSE, at Thann, Alsace, Manufacturers.]
An Improved Manufacture of Oils, Fats, Wax, and other analogous
Substances Freed from Odour and Flavour.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is well known that the products which impart to fats, oils, wax, and other
analogous substances their particular odour, are removed more or less completely
when they are submitted to the action of a current of steam; but the perfect
purification or disinfection of these substances has not yet been accomplished, aud
in particular it has not been possible to render them applicable to alimentary
purposes by the treatment with steam.
This treatment, although more or less entirely removing the specific odour of the
substance, gives to or leaves in the same a rancid or musty smell.
My correspondents have found that this rancidness or mustiness is due entirely to
the action of the oxygen of the air mixed with the steam or contained in the
receptacles, and that it can be entirely avoided by operating under exclusion
of air.
According to the present invention therefore the fats, oils wax and analogous
substances are rendered absolutely odourless and flavourless by operating upon
them by means of either saturated or superheated steam under exclusion of air.
For this purpose the said substances are heated in suitable closed vessels so as to
melt them, and the air is exhausted from the vessels either by an air pump, or by
introducing a current of an inert gas such as nitrogen, carbonic oxide, carbonic
acid, hydrogen, and the like. When all the air has thus been removed, the
temperature is raised, according to circumstances, to from 110° to 220° C., and a
current of steam, either saturated or superbeated, is introduced into the mass until
the water of condensation from the steam is free from odour. This result having
been obtained, the steam snpply valve is closed, and the mass is allowed to cool in
of inert gas.
presence
the
When fats are operated upon that are easily saponified by means of steam, as for
example oleo-margarine and other animal fats, the use of steam is dispensed with
and the products that cause the odours are removed by means of a current of an
inert gas.
For activating the purification by the above described means, the melted fats
may in certain cases be emulsioned with from two to ten per cent. of their weight,
(according to circumstances) of bisulphite of soda of 40° Be. or any other alkaline
bisulphite with 20 p.c. of water. The mixture is allowed to rest and the bisulphite
solution which will have dissolved the greater part of the products that cause the
odour, is removed, and the fat is then washed with water.
Dated this 6th day of May 1893.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Manufacture of Oils, Fats, Wax, and other analogous
Substances Freed from Odour and Flavour.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention.and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
It is well known that the products which impart to fats, oil, wax, and other
analogous substances their particular odour are removed more or less completely
when they are submitted to the action ofoa current of steam; but the perfect
purification or disinfection of these substances has not yet been accomplished, and
in particular it has not been possible to render them applicable to alimentary
purposes by the treatment with steam.
This treatment, although more or less entirely removing the specific odour of the
substance, gives to or leaves in the same a rancid or musty smell.
My correspondents have found that this rancidness or mustiness is due entirely
to the action of the oxygen of the air mixed with the steam or contained in the
receptacles, and that it can be entirely avoided by operating under exclusion
of air.
According to the present invention therefore the fats, oils, wax and analogous
substances are rendered absolutely odourless and flavourless by operating upon
them by means of either saturated or superheated steam under exclusion of air.
For this purpose the said substances are heated in suitable closed vessels so as to
melt them, and the air is exhausted from the vessels either by an air pump, or by
introducing a current of an inert gas such as nitrogen, carbonic oxide, carbonic
acid, hydrogen, and the like. When all the air has thus been removed, the
temperature is raised, according to circumstances, to from 110° to 220° C., and a
current of steam, either saturated or superheated, is introduced into the mass until
the water of condensation from the steam is free from odour. This result having
been obtained, the steam supply valve is closed, and the mass is allowed to cool in
the presence of inert gas.
When fats are operated upon that are easily saponified by means of steam, as for
example oleo-margarine and other animal fats, the use of steam is dispensed with
and the products that cause the odours are removed by means of a current of an
inert gas.
For activating the purification by the above described means, the melted fats
may in certain cases be emulsioned with from two to ten per cent. of their weight,
(according to circumstances) of bisulphite of soda of 40° Be. or any other alkaline
bisulphite with 20 p.c. of water. The mixture is allowed to rest and the bisulphite
solution which will have dissolved the greater part of the products that cause the
odour, is removed, and the fat is then washed with water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The herein described process for the purification of fats, oils, wax, and other
analogous products, consisting in the treatment of the products in question by
means of steam either saturated or superheated, under exclusion of air or in the
presence of an inert gas, at a temperature of from 110° to 220° C.
2. The herein described process for the purification of fats, oils, wax and other
analogous products consisting in the treatment of the products in question by
means of a current of an inert gas at a temperature of from 110° to 220° C. under
exclusion of air.

page_text: 3. In the treatment of fats, oils, wax, and other analogous products referred to
in the preceding claims the purification of the said products by means of alkaline
bisulphites as herein described.
4. As new manufactures, the fats, oils and wax rendered free from odour and
flavour by the purifying processes referred to in the preceding claims.
Dated this 6th day of January 1894. .
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.