IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1884

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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I ALMON HENRY HEARINGTON of 51 Regents Park Road in the County of
Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
'IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING PURPOSES,"
and in what manner the same is to be perforined, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My Invention relates to improvements in burners for lighting and heating and
has for its object to heat the current of gas before its combustion and thereby
improve its illuminating and heating power.
The Invention consists essentially of a burner in the form of a tubular coil
arranged to form an enclosed chamber, the convolutions being placed in close
juxtaposition with interstitial perforations or passages for the gas between them at
which the gas is burnt, the flames heating the coil through which the gas is caused
to pass on its way to the point of ignition. Or the gas heating coil may have its
convolutions sufficiently far apart to allow the gas to burn at orifices in a casing or
chamber behind the coil, said orifices being opposite the spaces between the
convolutions of the coil and the gas igniting in said spaces before, instead of after,
issuing from between the coils. In either case the flames play against the coils and
heat the gas passing through the same on its way to the point of ignition. The
burner may be constructed on this principle in various shapes, according to the
purpose for which it is intended, and may be combined with chambers of fire-clay,
asbestos composition or other refractory material, or of cast iron or other metal for
distributing the gas uniformly to the coiled burner.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood I have illustrated it
in the annexed Drawings and will proceed to describe it with reference thereto.
Figure 1 is a part sectional elevation of one form of my burner. Figure 2 is a
cross section of the same. Figures 3 and 4 are views on a larger scale of portions
of the coiled burner showing the orifices at which the jets of gas issue. Figure 5
is a part sectional elevation and Figure 6 a cross section of a modified form of
burner which differs from the first, principally in the coil being spaced to admit of
the gas burning between, instead of at the coils. Figures 7 and 8 are cross
sections of other forms of burner of the first mentioned kind in which a close coil
is used, these burners being adapted for the purposes of a sun-burner and also for
heating and cooking purposes.

page_text: The burner shown in Figures 1 to 4 consists of a dome shaped coil a of metal
tubing (preferably copper or iron) connected at the one end with the gas supply
pipe band at the other with a central perforated distributing pipe c enclosed within
a dome or chamber d of fire clay, asbestos, or other refractory composition or of
cast iron or other metal. This chamber is itself enclosed within the coil burner a,
a suitable interval being maintained between the two by ribs e formed on the
exterior of said chamber whose sides are perforated between the ribs, as shown at f.
The gas inlet and distributing pipe, b, c, is one pipe divided by a plug g, and the
parts are connected and held together as follows. h is a chamber en losing the
perforated part of the pipe b as shown, said chamber being constructed in two
parts i, k, held together by a coupling, screwing on the part i, and hearing
against a flange of the part k with asbestos packing interposed between the two to
make a gas tight joint. The part i has a pa-sage h' at one side connecting the
chamber with the end of the coil a which passes through the packing as
shown. This part i screws onto a Hanged collar m, brazed or otherwise fixed to
the pipe b, and the chamber d and coil a having been placed in position the whole
is firmly secured by a cap n, and coupling nut o screwing on the end of tube c
and serving both to connect the end of the coil with the pipe c and also to tighten
up the coil and hold the parts together, asbestos packing being interposed between
the cap n and the coil to prevent the escape of gas at this point. The orifices p, at
which the gas issues, are formed after the tube is coiled up and secured in a frame,
or after the parts of the burner are fitted together, as above described, to ensure
the coincidence of the two half round grooves or indentitions necessary to form a
circular orifice. The orifices are shown in Figure 3 and it will be understood that
they are formed by mnak ng grooves or indentations (as shown in Figure 4) in the
adjacent surfaces of the coil without, however, perforating the tube so as to allow
the gas to issue between the convolutions of the coil from the space between the
coil and the fireclay or other chamber behind it. The preferable way of forming
these orifices is by driving a needle punch between the convolutions of the coil
when tightly secured as above described.
Referring now to Figures 7 and 8, a is the coil as before, except that it is convex
in Figure 7 and flat in Figure 8. It communicates at one end with the gas supply
pipe b, and at the other directly with the space behind it. In this case q is a cast
iron casing, and r are ribs to support the coil radiating from a central boss. The
coil is a close one as before, and the orifices for the gas are formed in the manner
before described.
By inverting the burner shown in Figure 8, and supplying it with a mixture of
gas and air it is admirably adapted for cooking purposes.
In Figures 5 and 6 the coil a is openly spaced, being of a relatively greater pitch
than that in Figure 1, and it communicates by its upper end with the gas supply
pipe b which in this case passes through the perforated distributing pipe c to which
latter the lower end of the coil is connected, d is the chamber of fire-clay or
asbestos composition surrounding the distributing pipe c, this chamber being in this
case unprovided with external ribs to allow of the coil encircling it closely, and
perforated with a helical. row of orifices d¹ of the same pitch as the coil a, and
situated opposite the spiral interval between the coil as shown.
This chamber d is preferably moulded upon a core or mandrel having a screw
thread of balf round section upon it, which is withdrawn by screwing out of the
moulded article so as to leave a counterpart of the screw thread upon the interior
of the chamber d. This screw thread must be of the same pitch as the helical row
of orifices d' which traverse the walls of the chamber d at the part opposite the
bottom of the groove between the screw thread thus formed on the inside of the
chamber d, whilst the top of the screw thread fits close against the tube c thus
holding the parts in place and forming a spiral passage for the gas between c and d.
The chamber d is confined between a shoulder on pipe c and a collar screwing
thereon, asbestos packing being placed between the ends of chamber d and the
collars to make a gas tight joint.

page_text: All the burners herein described may be applied for heating and cooking
purposes in which case they would be supplied with a mixture of gas and air as in
the ordinary Bunsen burner. They may be constructed of any dimensions and
arranged in any suitable position according to the purpose required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1 A gas burner in which the gas is burnt hetween the convolutions of a tubular
coil through which the gas passes on its way to the point of ignition, substantially
as berein described for the purpose specified.
2nd A gas burner composed essentially of a closely wound tubular coil enclosing
a space to which gas is admitted after previously passing through the coil, the coil
baving interstitial perforations formed between its convolutions at which the gas is
burnt in contact with the coil for the purpose of heating the gas passing through
it substantially as shown and described.
3rd The construction combination and arrangement of parts constituting the
gas burner substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, of the
Drawings.
4th The construction combination and arrangement of parts constituting the
gas burner substantially as herein described and shown in Figures 5 and 6 of the
Drawings.
5th In a gas burner the combination of the openly wound tubular coil through
which the gas is caused to pass on its way to the point of inition and of the
perforated and internally grooved chamber of fireclay or asbestos composition
substantially as and for the purpose specified.