IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE LIQUORS OBTAINED WHEN DYEING TURKEY RED COLOURS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Matthew Clark, of Glasgow, Turkey Red Dyer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE LIQUORS OBTAINED
WHEN DYEING TURKEY RED COLOURS."
Sealed the 21st April 1863, and dated the 22nd December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd December 1862.
I, MATTHEW CLARK, of Glasgow, Turkey Red Dyer, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE LIQUORS
OBTAINED WHEN DYEING TURKEY RED COLOURS," to be as follows:-
In the process of Turkey red dyeing by the "new" or "machine" process, a
liquor is produced containing water, carbonate of potash or soda, and olive or
other oil. Before running off this liquor sulphuric, nitric, muriatic, or other
acid is added, this separates the oil from the potash or soda solution, causing
it to come to the surface, this oil is then skimmed off, and the liquor re-
maining has hitherto been considered waste and useless, and run away to the
stream.
My Invention consists in utilizing this waste liquor by artificially heating
the same.in order to evaporate part of such liquor, and then to crystallize the

page_text: sulphate, nitrate, muriate, or other salt of potash or soda, depending on
whether potash or soda was the alkali originally used. It may be stated that
in the process of evaporation a further quantity of oil is recovered.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Matthew Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th June 1863.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MATTHEW
CLARK, of Glasgow, Turkey Red Dyer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Matthew Clark, Her special licence that I, the said Matthew Clark,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Matthew Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING
WASTE LIQUORS OBTAINED WHEN DYEING TURKEY RED COLOURS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Matthew Clark, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Matthew Clark, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
"
In the process of Turkey red dyeing by the "new or "machine" process,
a liquor is produced containing water, carbonate of potash, or soda, or a mix-
ture of these two salts and olive or other oil. Before running off this liquor
sulphuric, nitric, muriatic, or other acid is added. This separates-the oil from
the potash or soda solution, causing it to come to the surface, this oil is then

page_text: skimmed off, and the liquor remaining has hitherto been considered waste and
useless, and run away to the stream.
My Invention consists in utilizing this waste liquor by artificially beating
the same in order to evaporate it, and then to crystallize the sulphate, nitrate,
muriate, or other salt of potash or soda, depending on whether potash or soda,
or a combination of the two was the alkali originally used.
I proceed as follows:-Instead of running away the waste liquor referred
to above, I convey it through a pipe to an ordinary evaporating pan say, 9 feet
in diameter, and 4 feet deep, made of cast iron. I then apply fire in the usual
way, and when sulphuric acid has been used, and the liquor has been boiled
down or evaporated to about 25° Twaddel, I remove it to another vessel
either of wood or iron, and allow it to remain for two or three days, during
which time crystals of plate, sulphate of potash and soda are formed on the
sides of the vessel. These crystals I put into a drainer, which is a perforated
iron dish, and when all the liquor is drained off the crystals are dried either
by being spread over a hot flue, or put into any heated chamber. They are
then put into casks and ready for the market. The mother liquor, or that
which does not crystallize is of course transferred again to the evaporating
pan and boiled up with fresh liquor. It is not necessary to remove the liquor
in this way from the pan to a separate vessel, as the simplest mode is to carry
on the evaporation continuously, and when the liquor becomes concentrated
to about 25° Twaddel, it drops crystals of soft or granulated sulphate of potash
or soda, which settle on the bottom. These are removed from time to time
with a perforated iron ladle placed on a drainer, and dried as described above.
When nitric, muriatic, or other acid has been added, the process is con-
ducted in a similar manner, except that the degree of concentration to which
the liquor is brought before it is allowed to cool and crystallize will be some-
what altered as will be well understood by workmen used to the crystalliza-
tion of salts of potash and soda.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
MATTHEW CLARK. (L.s.)