IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGING SIZING HOUSES, BREW HOUSE, DYE HOUSES, AND OTHER HOUSES AND CHAMBERS, TO FACILITATE THE REMOVAL OF STEAM SET FREE THEREIN ALSO IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF TROUGHS FOR SIZING COTTON WARTS, AND IN BOXES OR OTHER RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING SUCH SIZED COTTON WARPS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jonas Illingworth, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Architect, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGING
SIZING HOUSES, BREW HOUSE, DYE HOUSES, AND OTHER HOUSES AND CHAMBERS,
TO FACILITATE THE REMOVAL OF STEAM SET FREE THEREIN ALSO IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF TROUGHS FOR SIZING COTTON WARTS, AND IN BOXES OR OTHER
RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING SUCH SIZED COTTON WARPS."
Scaled the 6th December 1861. and dated the 13th June 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jonas Illingworth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patenis, with his Petition, on the
13th June 1861.
I, JONAS ILLINGWORTH, of Bradford, in the County of York, Architect, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ARRANGING SIZING HOUSES, BREW HOUSES, DYE HOUSES, AND OTHER HOUSES AND
CHAMBERS, TO FACILITATE THE REMOVAL OF STEAM SET FREE THEREIN; ALSO IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF TROUGHS FOR SIZING COTTON WARPS, AND IN BOXES OR OTHER
RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING SUCH SIZED COTTON WARPS," to be as follows:-
The object of part of the improvements is to cause the steam employed in
various processes to pass freely away from the apartment or chamber in which
it is employed. For this purpose I form all parts of the roof and flooring
Price Sd.1

page_text: where the steam is produced or set free as air-tight as possible, and also by its
thickness or otherwise, so as to avoid the conduction of cold within. I admit
all the air required from the lower part of the room. I apply pipes, chimneys,
or other ventilators rising above the roof to a considerable height, say from 2
to 40 feet, formed to prevent the admission of rain, and yet allow the free
escape of the steam, and so that any moisture formed by condensation on the
ventilators may be readily conducted away.
Iron, lime, and bricks or stones, or other suitable materials covered with
three coats of gas tar, or other material adapted to prevent the admission of
air or cold, are well adapted to form such chambers, roofs, pipes, chimneys, or
ventilators.
The sizing troughs when made of wood to be bolted together, so that the
bolts can be seen on the parts they hold together, with guides of suitable
materials secured without bolts and screws inside, or going through the trough,
and so that the guides will leave or may be removed from their places without
breaking the warp. Also rollers of suitable materials to run with shaft and
pedestals made of charcoal iron or other cast iron.
The boxes or other receivers for the wet warps are made of wirework, or
are otherwise reticulate adapted to admit the free passage of air thereto.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jonas Illingworth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th December 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONAS
ILLINGWORTH, of Bradford, in the County of York, Architect, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Jonas Illingworth, Her special licence that I, the said Jonas Illingworth,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jonas
Illingworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ARRANGING SIZING HOUSES, BREW HOUSES, DYE HOUSES, AND OTHER HOUSES AND

page_text: CHAMBERS TO FACILITATE THE REMOVAL OF STEAM SET FREE THEREIN; ALSO IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF TROUGHS FOR SIZING COTTON WARPS, AND IN BOXES OR OTHER
RECEIVERS FOR HOLDING BUCH SIZED COTTON WARPS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Jonas Illingworth, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jonas Illingworth, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The object of part of the improvements is to cause the steam employed in
various processes to pass freely away from the apartment or chamber in which
it is employed. For this purpose I form all parts of the roof and flooring
where the steam is produced or set free as air-tight as possible, and also by its
thickness or otherwise, so as to avoid the conduction of cold within. I admit
all the air required from the lower part of the room. I apply pipes, chimneys,
or other ventilators rising above the roof to a considerable height, say from 2
to 40 feet, formed to prevent the admission of rain, and yet allow the free
escape of the steam, and so that any moisture formed by condensation on the
ventilators may be readily conducted away.
Iron, lime, and bricks or stones, or other suitable materials covered with
three coats of gas tar, or other material adapted to prevent the admission of
air or cold, are well adapted to form such chambers, roofs, pipes, chimneys, or
ventilators.
The sizing troughs when made of wood to be bolted together, so that the
bolts can be seen on the parts they hold together, with guides of suitable
materials secured without bolts and screws inside or going into or through the
trough sides, and so that the guides will leave or may be removed from their
places without breaking the warp. Also rollers of suitable materials to run
with shaft and pedestals made of charcoal iron or other cast iron. The boxes
or other receivers for the wet warps are made of wirework, or are otherwise
reticulate adapted to admit the free passage of air thereto and therethrough.
By that the nature of the improvements may be better understood, I will,
aided by the accompanying Drawings, proceed to explain the means pursued
by me.

page_text: Figure represents a section of a Dog. Shewing the improvements
applied. 3 is an iron gutter adapted to divide the roof into as many domes as
may be required, and take away the water off the roof; 4 and 5 are iron
gutters to lay upon the walls all around the eaves or bottom of the domes or
upon the square of the building. They are bolted together at every corner
and fall, to take the water off the roof in an iron fall pipe, to be recessed in
the wall at one corner of each dome; 6, 7, 8, and 9 shew an iron frame which
goes around the bottom of the ventilators, is bolted together at the corners,
and bears the ventilators, and there forms a gutter to take away the condensed
steam from the inside of them to the outside, and which, by making the
bottom of the ventilator less than any other part of them, causes a better
draught therein; 10, 11, 12, and 13 are square iron boxes air-tight, to take
the condensed steam from the bottom of the ventilators outside of the roof;
14, 15, 16, and 17 shew wrought-iron T-spars, two feet apart, bolted to gutters
at the bottom and to angle rafters and frame or gutter at the top end, to carry
the brick quarries which cover the domed roof: 18 and 19 shew iron doors
shut, at the bottom of each ventilator, with chains fixed to the same, and iron
pulleys for chain to pass over and under, so as to open and close the doors
according to the weight of the external atmosphere; 20 and 21 are iron doors
open at the bottom of each ventilator and hung to the top edge of the iron
frame or gutter which runs round the bottom of each ventilator; 22, 23, 24,
and 25 shew guides at top of each ventilator, and each ventilator cover may be
divided into as many ways as may be required, according to the quantity of
steam produced; these guides may be of iron, stone, slate, or wood, but are
fixed all round the top of the ventilators, and they can be fast, but may be
better swung on pivots top and bottom, so that the wind may shut or open
them; the guides on each side are coupled together, so that they may all shut
or open one way on each side of the ventilator; 26, 27, 28, and 29 shew the
spars, which may be of cast or wrought iron placed two feet apart, to carry
the cover of the ventilator, each bolted to the iron frame which goes round the
top of each ventilator; 31, 32, 33, and 34 shew the section of an iron frame
which goes all round the top of the ventilators, and bolted together at the
corners; this frame is bolted to the frame which goes round the bottom of the
ventilators, with a bolt at each corner; this frame makes the ventilator larger
at the top than in any other place; 35, 36, and 37 shew the section of V-iron
spout, to be fixed all round the bottom of each dome and bolted together at
each corner and intersection, and fastened to 3, 4, and 5 gutters or troughs and

page_text: a fall pipe to each dome connected to the same at any convenient place; and
recessed into the wall inside of the building, to take away any condensed steam
which may have risen above the same spouts and condensed against the -under
side of the dome, and will prevent the condensed steam from dropping upon
the floors; 38, 39, 40, and 41 shew iron spouts, which will take away the con-
densed steam from the spouts at the bottom of each ventilator to the outside
of the domed roofs, and convey the same into the gutters which run all round
the outside of the domed roof at the bottom; 42, 43, 44, and 45 shew sections.
of the covering of each roof, which may be of. brick quarries 2 feet long and
1 foot broad, and from 2 inches to 9 inches thick, one inch thinner at one
edge than the other, and each rabbitted all round 2 inches on, and half the
thickness each way of each brick quarry, all put together and bedded at every
joint with good lime mortar; 46, 47, 48, and 49 shew section of the cover for
each ventilator, which is to be everything as before described for the domed
roof; 50 and 51 shew section of earthenware ridges, which must be bedded in
lime upon every hip and ridge of ventilator and dome; 52, 53, 54, and 55
shew section of the walls of each ventilator, and which can project above the
roof from 2 to 40 feet, with pilasters, plinths, caps, &c. well secured and
bedded together with good lime mortar, the whole to be covered with gas tar,
brimstone, and ground fire-brick mixed together.
These roofs may be made of iron, stone, or tiles, if made air and water-tight
and will not admit the cold, is all that is required; the domes can be covered with
brick quarries of any dimensions and with square edges, if thought proper, or
they can be covered with common red brick, walled end out and in with either
bevilled or square ends.
Figure 2 shews a building with a domed roof and ventilators upon the same,
put together and finished as before described. This roof and ventilator are
supported at each angle, secured at each corner at bottom and top to the
gutters. Each dome and ventilator may have a pipe fixed all round the inside,
and the same filled with steam; this is most required in drying or cylinder
rooms; they assist in keeping the place warm and keeping the cold air out the
floors or walls, bottom of the rooms where drying places or cylinders are can
have 9 square inches of an aperture to admit air, so that they can be opened
or shut according to the weight of the atmosphere, to every square foot of
flooring in cach drying or cylinder room.
Figure 3 shews the longitudinal section of a sizing trough, with parts
arranged according to my improvements. 57 is the floor line with two warps
upon the same going out of the ball into the trough to be sized; 59 shews the
place at the end of each trough where the flour and water are boiled before it

page_text: goes to the wat; 60 shows a partition with holes through at the bottom for
the sizing to pass through after it is boiled; 61 and 62 shew the iron hangers
the roller are fixed to for the warps to run over while in the boiling sizing;
63 shews a brass guide for the warps to pass through; 64, an iron or brass
roller; 65, a wood-squeezing roller which is weighted with levers so as to
squeeze the sizing out of the warps; 66 shews the delivering roller over which
the warps pass after they are sized, and conveys the same into the sizing box
or receiver. The sizing trough is bolted together with bolts and plates all out-
side of the trough, so as no part of the bolts or plates can heat and burn the
trough in pieces.
Figure 4 shews the ends of a sizing trough and as it is secured together.
Figure 5 shews the cross section of the trough where the rollers are, and the
hangers to carry the same, which swing from the top of the trough edges. 6
shews a section of the trough where the brass guides are and the way the
guides are fastened to the trough sides. 71 shows a section of a ventilator,
say, 40 feet high, to take the steam away from the troughs; this ventilator can
be made of iron, stone, bricks, or wood, but must be less at the end where the
steam first enters than at any other place, and must be larger at the top than
in any other place, with cover on the top, as shewn.
Figure 7 shews a section from angle to angle of the ventilator top and
cover. 74 and 75 shew guides, to cause the steam to draw away; 72 shews a
slide damper to each ventilator, forced in or out with a chain or rope which
runs over pullies; this is to regulate the draught according to the weight of
the atmosphere; 67 is an elevation of a perforated sizing box or warp receiver,
every side and end and every division is perforated; all the above are drawn
to the scale, but all the following are details and parts and portions of the
before-mentioned things, and are drawn one-fourth of the full size.
Figure 8 is a wood or copper roller with square shafts at each end, as shewn,
the only part round is the part going into the pedestal. 77, the section; 78,
the front of ditto; 79, the back of pedestal. These shafts and pedestals are
made of the hardest cast iron. 80 and 81 shew section or edge view of a
common cast-iron hanger for the pedestals to be fixed in, which are secured at
top edge of the trough with a screw, and are let into the trough side at the
bottom end.
Figure 9 shews the elevation of the same hanger with recesses for the
pedestal to go in, and the copper wire which holds the pedestal in its place.
Figure 10 shews brass guides, five to be used in each trough; this guide
can be used one way up, and when done can be turned and used the other
war un

page_text: Sections of the metal in the same are shewn at Figures 11 and 12, and they
slide up and down in the same as shewn at 84 and 85, which are fastened in
the troughs at the bottom and fastened at the top with iron caps, as shewn at
Figure 13, and at 89 and 90, Figure 10, and screwed to top of trough edge
with screws.
Figure 14 shews an end of a delivering roller, and the way each piece of wood
is fastened to the iron boss, and so that no screws or nails are required in
making the same, and so that when any one of the pieces of wood gets
damaged or worn out the same can be taken off and another put on readily.
Figure 15 shews the box 67 of Figure 3 wrong side up, showing the way
each piece of wood goes through each cast-iron bottom and fastened to same
with opposite corners, shewing the castors or wheels and contrary corners and
pivot where wheels are fixed.
Figure 16 shews the section of the box and the way it is put together.
Every side and partition of the box 67, Figure 3, is the same, having 9 up-
right posts or stiles and 12 panels; the panels can be put upright or in short
pieces with the bate across the box; the bottoms are perforated, and any
bottom or partition panel can be taken out separate; each panel and bottom
to be burnt inside, and all holes and perforations to be burnt, to prevent rot,
with a copper or brass wire across each corner at the top, with hoop iron
around the top of each outside; all the panels can be of iron or copper wire
trellising, if required.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonas Illingworth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the said Jonas Illingworth, in
the presence of
J. DAWSON, Sol".,
Bradford.
JUNAS ILLINGWORTH. (L.S.)