Improvements in the Manufacture of Cast Blocks or Masses of Steel and other Materials.
Year: 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Cast Blocks or Masses of
Steel and other Materials.
I, LOUIS PERIN, of St. Amand-les-Eaux, France, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This process consists in melting by means of coke and a strong air blast in an
ordinary cupola any kind of old steels, of any nature, hard, semi-hard or soft, and
scrap iron of all kinds, such as waste parings, clippings and pieces of sheet iron,
broken galvanized iron and the like, with a mixture of manganese, silicon, lime,
magnesia, aluminium, chromium, nickel, tungsten, used in variable proportions
according to the degree of hardness desired to be obtained.
The steel thus melted, perfectly limpid, is cast in sand moulds of the shape of the
pieces desired to be obtained; after cooling, the cast pieces are placed in suitable
vessels or receptacles formed of steel or refractory material and are surrounded by
iron ore mixed with lime and chips or scales from rolled iron until the vessels are
full, when they are placed in a reheating or annealing furnace where they are raised,
during a period which may vary from 1 to 5 days (more or less) according to the
dimensions of the pieces under treatment, to a temperature sufficiently high for the
ore to take up the excess carbon contained in the pieces.
The decarburation obtained affects the entire substance of the pieces, such as they
are and without any limit. By this process, therefore, all kinds of pieces, whatever
be their form or the use for which they are intended, can be made.
There can likewise be obtained by this process special steels such as tool steel,
and in general, all steels which can be obtained in melting pots or crucibles.
By way of example, the following are some proportions to be employed in the case
of treating soft steel, semi-hard steel, hard steel, and very hard steel.

page_text: Very hard steel.
Various old steels
Scrap or broken galvanized ir
Iron
Ferro-manganese at 80%
Ferro-silicon at 10 %
Aluminium
Tungsten
Ferrochromium at 60 %
Nickel
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
The process of manufacturing cast and other steels melted in a cupola which
consists in melting by means of coke any kind of old steel and iron with a mixture

page_text: of manganese, silicon, lime, magnesia, aluminium, chromium, nickel, tungsten,
used in variable proportions; in casting the steel thus melted in appropriate moulds,
in piling up around the cast pieces in suitable containing vessels iron ore mixed
with lime and chips or scales from rolled iron and the like, and in raising in a
reheating or annealing furnace the moulded pieces and the surrounding mixture to
a temperature sufficient for the ore to take up the excess of carbon contained in the
pieces, substantially as above described.
Dated this 19th day of October 1899
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.