IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Clarke Rayson, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Wire Manufacturer, for the Invention of
" IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Clarke Rayson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd November 1875.
I, ROBERT CLARKE RAYSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Wire Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention of improvements in shuttles of looms for weaving has
for its object to produce a shuttle which may be advantageously
employed in the weaving of fabrics of wire thread or other filament,
said shuttle being designed to give to the shute (that is to say, the wire
thread or other filament) more equal tension than is attained in shuttles

page_text: constructed, as has heretofore been usual, with eyes through which the
shute is caused to pass. For this purpose I dispense with the eye
usually formed in the body of the shuttle, and I combine with the said
body a series of small rollers and a roller frame, the whole being so
arranged that the wire, thread, or other filament on leaving the quill shall
pass through an eye in the roller frame, thence between a pair of tension
rollers, whose distance apart is adjustable according to the desired tension,
and out between one roller of the said pair and a third roller, the latter
of which is formed with a guiding groove. By this arrangement of the
third roller in conjunction with the two tension rollers the wire thread
or other filament is carried through the bottom of the shuttle (which is
open), and plays on either the lower roller of the pair above mentioned
or upon the grooved roller, according to the direction in which the
shuttle is travelling; thus the tension of the wire thread or filament is
kept uniform whichever way the shuttle is running, as the wire, thread,
or filament is always passing or working between the two tension rollers
and under one or other of the two lower rollers. This plan enables me
to successfully weave wire fabrics without such injury to the shuttle as
results when it is constructed with an eye as heretofore, and prevents
the breaking of the shute caused by any damage to the eye in ordinary
shuttles.
:
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to me (No. 2708,
dated 15 August 1873) is described the application of a light spring
fixed in the bottom of a shuttle for causing pressure to be put upon the
wire at the nose of the creel or bobbin to prevent the too rapid unwinding
of the wire from the creel or bobbin. Now according to my present
Invention to regulate the delivery of the wire from the quill in such
wise as to keep the wire even in its delivery and prevent it overlapping
opposite the spring and becoming tangled, I apply to the nose of the
quill two flat steel bowed springs, the strength or pressure of which can
be readily adjusted. These springs are fastened to the side of the shuttle,
and are kept in position by the pins which fix the roller frame already
referred to.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Clarke Rayson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd May 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
CLARKE RAYSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Wire
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Clarke Rayson, Her
special license that I, the said Robert Clarke Rayson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert
Clarke Rayson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Clarke Rayson, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Clarke Rayson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, and the Sheet of Drawings therein
referred to (that is to say) :-
This Invention of improvements in shuttles of looms for.weaving has
for its object to produce a shuttle which may be advantageously
employed in the weaving of fabrics of wire thread or other filament,
said shuttle being designed to give to the shute (that is to say, the wire,
thread, or other filament) more equal tension than is attained in shuttles

page_text: constructed, as has heretofore been usual, with eyes through which the
shute is caused to pass. For this purpose I dispense with the eye
usually formed in the body of the shuttle, and I combine with the said
body a series of small rollers and a roller frame, the whole being so
arranged that the wire thread or other filament on leaving the quill
shall pass through an eye in the roller frame, thence between a pair of
tension rollers, whose distance apart is adjustable according to the desired
tension, and out between one roller of the said pair and a third roller,
the latter of which is formed with a guiding groove.
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to me (No. 2708,
dated 15 August 1873) is described the application of a light spring
fixed in the bottom of a shuttle for causing pressure to be put upon the
wire at the nose of the quill to prevent the too rapid unwinding of the
wire from the quill. Now according to my present Invention, to
regulate the delivery of the wire from the quill in such wise as to keep
the wire even in its delivery and prevent it overlapping opposite the
spring and becoming tangled, I apply to the nose of the quill two flat
steel bowed springs, the strength or pressure of which can be readily
adjusted by bending the spring and making it press more or less firmly
on the nose of the quill. These springs are fastened to the side of the
shuttle, and may be kept in position by the pin which fixes the roller
frame already referred to, but I prefer the arrangement shewn in the
Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a shuttle embodying my
improvements; Fig. 2 is a plan of the under side of the same.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the roller frame detached (as seen from below).
Fig. 4 is a section of the frame to which are rivetted the springs for
regulating the delivery of the wire from the quill.
a is the body of the shuttle; b is the quill; c is the upper tension
roller; d, the lower tension roller; and e, the grooved guiding roller.
The upper tension roller c rotates on a pin fin the roller frame g, which
in turn works on a pin h passing across the opening in the shuttle body;
i is a spring for regulating the tension, which may be adjusted by the
screw'j; k, k, are the two flat steel bowed springs for regulating the
delivery of the wire from the quill; these springs are rivetted to a
frame, which is fixed inside the shuttle by means of small screws
passing through holes in the bottom part of the frame into the shuttle.

page_text: By the above described arrangement of the third roller e in con-
junction with the two tension rollers c, d, the wire thread or other
filament is carried through the open bottom of the shuttle, and plays
either on the lower tension roller d or upon the grooved roller e,
according to the direction in which the shuttle is travelling; thus the
tension of the wire thread or filament is kept uniform whichever way
the shuttle is running, as the wire thread or filament is always passing
or. working between the two tension rollers and under one or other of
the two lower rollers d or e. This plan enables me to successfully weave
wire fabrics without such injury to the shuttle as results when it is con-
structed with an eye as heretofore, and prevents the breaking of the
shute caused by any damage to the eye in ordinary shuttles.
Having described the nature of my said Invention and explained the
manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I hereby declare that
I do not claim any of the mechanical parts of the apparatus herein-
before shown and described when taken separately and apart from the
combination or application thereof in manner and for the purposes
herein described, nor do I claim per se the use of two tension rollers;
but what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as my
present Invention is,―
The method of dispensing with the eye usually formed in the body of
the shuttle by the use in combination with the two tension rollers of a
grooved guiding roller, substantially as herein-before described.
I also claim the application in combination with the three rollers c, d,
and e of the two springs k, k, for regulating the delivery of the wire from
the quill to the rollers, the whole arranged and operating as shewn in
and described with reference to the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Clarke Rayson, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-