IMPROVEMENTS IN SHEARS OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING ROUND AND FLAT METAL
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Seligman, of Watling Street in the City of
London, Wine Merchant for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SHEARS OR
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING ROUND AND FLAT METAL communicated, to him
from abroad by Gustavus Josephs, of Philadelphia in the United States of
America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Seligman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July 1883.
JAMES SELIGMAN, of Watling Street in the City of London, Wine Merchant,
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHEARS OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING ROUND AND FLAT, METAL.
Communicated to me from abroad by Gustavus Josephs, of Philadelphia in the
United States of America,
This Invention relates to improvements in shears, whereby the same is adapted
for cutting round and flat or square metal in a convenient and expeditious manner
as hereinafter set forth
According to this invention the stationary and moveable jaws of a pair of metal
cutting shears are each formed with an arm, the end of the arm of the stationary
jaw having mounted upon it a toothed head or segmental pinion which gears into
a toothed segment, formed on the end of the arm of the moveable jaw.
A handle is cast or formed with the head or segmental pinion and affords means
of operating the said pinion, and toothed segment thus opening and closing the
jaws for cutting flat or square metal.
On the arm of the stationary jaw is formed an opening which extends hori-
zontally and transversely and in the same is fitted a cylindrical and rotatable die
having openings of different gauges. On the inner face of the moveable arm is
-inserted a shearing plate, which is fitted in a recess in the said face and preferably
made in wedge or taper form for convenience of removal when required.
The upper face of the shearing plate is grooved to receive the portion of the
round iron or wire which projects from either of the openings over said plate,
said portion being sheared or cut when power is applied to the arm of the
moveable jaw.

page_text: For the purpose of rotating the die and placing the proper opening in operative
position, one end of the die is flattened or squared, so that a wrench or other
suitable tool may be applied thereto. When the adjustment of the die is complete
it is held in position by a screw which is fitted to the arm of the stationary jaw
and tightens the die.
A supporting leg is formed with the stationary part of the shears, and has a
perforated base whereby it may be screwed to a table or elsewhere, and shoulders
so that it may be inserted in an anvil, block, etc.
On the underside of the stationary jaw and arm are threaded openings or bosses,
to either of which is fitted a screw or bolt for securing a gauge. This gauge is
slotted so that it may be readily adjusted to different widths of metal to be cut by
the jaws, and it may be located at either of the bosses relatively to the requirements
of metals of different lengths.
To guide the cut metal beyond the jaws without interference of the fulcrum
portion of the moveable jaw the underside of the said portion is formed obliquely
but may be straight, and the face of the leg below. the fulcrum has an offset, which
is curved outward, and inward and downward, somewhat like a mould board, the
1 tendency of which is to throw off the metal as it leaves the cutters, hence, the
metal is prevented from being stopped by the arm of the moveable jaw, owing to
the oblique portion, and is furthermore directed outwardly by the mould board
shaped leg, as there exists between the oblique portion of the arm and the adjacent
end of the offset or offset portion of the leg a wide throat into which the métal
may move without obstruction, and so pass the gauge when applied beneath the
bosses or openings of the fixed jaw.

page_text: Figures 1 and 2, are views of opposite sides
invention.
Figure 3, a vertical section on line x, x, figure 2, and
Figure 4, a view of a detached part.
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Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
A, is the stationary jaw, and B, the moveable jaw of a pair of metal cutting.
shears, constructed according to the invention.
A¹, is an arm, with which the stationary jaw A is formed, and B¹, is an arm,
with which the moveable jaw is formed, the end of the arm A¹, having mounted
upon it a toothed head or segmental pinion C, which gears into a toothed segment D,
formed on the end of the arm B¹.
E, is a handle, which is cast or formed with the head or pinion C, and affords
means of operating the said pinion and the segment D, thus opening and closing
the jaws A and B, for cutting flat metal, this handle E (formed preferably of steel)
possesses strength and durability; and is not liable to break at the place of
connection with the head C.
On the arm A¹, is formed an opening extending horizontally and transversely,
and in the same is fitted a cylindrical and rotatable die F, having openings.a of
different gauges. On the inner face of the moveable arm B¹ is inserted a shearing
plate F, which is fitted in a recess in said face and preferably made of wedge or
taper form for convenience of removal when required.
The upper face of the shearing plate is grooved to receive the portion of the
round iron or wire which projects from either of the openings a, over said plate,
the said portion being sheared or cut when power is applied to the arm of the
moveable jaw.
For the purpose of conveniently rotating the die F and placing the proper
opening a, in operative position, one end of the die is flattened or squared, so that
a wrench, or other suitable tool, may be applied thereto. When the adjustment of
the die is complete, it is held in position by a screw G, which is fitted to the
arm A¹, and tightens the die.
His a supporting leg which is formed with the stationary part of the shears,
the same having a perforated base H³, whereby it may be screwed to a table or
elsewhere, and shoulders H", so that it may be inserted in an anvil, block, etc.
On the underside of the jaw A, and arm A¹, are threaded openings or bosses J, J',
to either of which is fitted a screw or bolt K, for securing a gauge L, which is
slotted so that it may be readily adjusted to different widths of metal to be cut by
the jaws A, B, and the said gauge may be located at either of the bosses J, J¹,
relatively to the requirements of metals of different lengths.
In order to guide the cut metal beyond the jaws without interference of the
fulcrum portion of the moveable jaw, the underside of the said portion is formed

page_text: obliquely, as at b, b', shewn curved, but may be straight, and the face of the leg
below the fulcrum has an offset M, which is curved outwards, as at c, and inwards
and downwards, as at c', somewhat of the shape of a mould board, the tendency of
which is to throw off the metal as it leaves the cutters, hence, it will be seen that
the metal is prevented from being stopped by the arm B', owing to the oblique
portion b, b' and is furthermore directed outwardly by the mould board shape of
the leg, it being seen that there exists between the oblique portion b, 61, of the
arm, and the adjacent end of the offset, or offset portion of the leg, a wide throat
into which the metal may move without obstruction, and so pass the gauge L,
when applied beneath the bosses or openings J.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner
the same may be performed; I declare that I claim―
1st The improved shears for cutting metal consisting of the stationary arm and
jaw, the moveable arm and jaw, the toothed segment and the segmental pinion
having a handle formed solid with it, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
2nd Constructing shears, for cutting metal, with an adjustable gauge, substan-
tially as described and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. Constructing shears for cutting metal with bosses at different places in'
combination with a gauge and screw or bolt, substantially as described and for the
purpose set forth.
4th Constructing shears for cutting metal in which the portion of the moveable
jaw and arm adjacent to the fulcrum thereof is formed with an oblique face,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5th Constructing shears for cutting metal with a supporting leg formed with an
offset, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6th. In shears for cutting metal the arin with oblique face b, b, and leg with.
offset M, combined and operating substantially as-and for the purpose set forth.
7th In shears for cutting metal, the stationary arm provided with an adjustable
cylindrical die having perforations of different sizes, in combination with the.
moveable arm having a shearing plate, said moveable arm being provided with a
toothed segment, and said stationary arm forming the bearings for a segmental
pinion which gears into said toothed segment, and lias formed with it a solid.
handle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8th. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the improved
shears, or apparatus for cutting round and flat metal, substantially as herein:
described and as illustrated in the drawings:
In witness whereof I the said James Seligman have hereunto set my hand and
seal this Fourth day of October in the year 1883.