FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER POR ENGINES BY A COMBINATION OF STEAM AND AIR, AND FOR THE PREVENTION OF RACING IN STEAM AND AIR MARINE ENGINES, AND FOR A CONDENSER APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND AIR ENGINES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Parker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
March 1868.
I, JAMES PARKER, of No. 6, Lilford Road, Camberwell, in the County
of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
POR ENGINES BY A COMBINATION OF STEAM AND AIR, AND FOR THE PREVENTION OF
RACING IN STEAM AND AIR MARINE ENGINES, AND FOR A CONDENSER APPLICABLE TO
STEAM AND AIR ENGINES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
By the first part of this Invention I combine the steam and air more
intimately than was effected by my previous Invention the subject
matter of the Letters Patent granted to me on the 23rd October 1863,
No. 2620. I then simply discharged steam in small jets from a boiler
through thin apertures into air nozzles placed opposite thereto, which
air nozzles were inserted in larger pipes communicating with the
cylinder either direct or through an intermediate receiver. The present
improvement consists in forming the pipe by which the steam and air
is conducted from the nozzles to the cylinder or receiver with one or
more angles, elbows, bends, or curves, whereby the steam and air in
passing through the pipe becomes intimately mixed and combined.

page_text: By the 2nd part of this Invention I superheat the steam and air so
mixed and combined. This I effect by passing one or more of the
before-mentioned angles, elbows, bends, or curves of the steam and air
pipe, according to the degree of heat required for the purpose of each
particular engine, through or immediately over a small fire or through
a hot flue, or oven, or steam jacket, or through the boiler, either in the
steam or water space, or partly through both, and from thence to the
cylinder either direct or through a receiver.
The 3rd part of this Invention consists of the modification required
in the application of the superheating apparatus in sea-going steam
ships in order to prevent the engines from racing in a sea-way. This
modification consists in forming a second connection between the air
nozzles and the receiver or cylinder by means of a separate steam and
air pipe of sufficient diameter commencing at or about the first of the
before-mentioned angles, elbows, bends, or curves, and terminating
either in the main steam and air pipe beyond the superheating portion
or at the receiver or cylinder. By this 2nd pipe the superheating
route may be avoided altogether when necessary, and if the steam and
air be passed through the 2nd or non-superheating route the engines
will not race.
The 4th part of this Invention consists of a mode of heating the feed
water of the boiler. This I effect by enclosing a portion of the exhaust
steam and air pipe (which for this purpose must be formed with angles,
elbows, bends, or curves, as already described with respect to the steam
and air pipe) in a larger pipe or vessel, through which the feed water
is to be forced by a pump or otherwise into the boiler. The water is
first to enter the enclosing pipe at the end farthest from the entry of
the exhaust steam and air in the enclosed pipe, and thus the water is
made to flow along the pipe towards the boiler in the opposite direction
to the exhaust steam and air which is allowed ultimately to discharge
itself into the atmosphere.
The 5th part of this Invention is for a condenser and apparatus to
produce a partial vacuum in a cylinder worked by steam and air. To
effect this I use, either in conjunction with or separate from the hot feed
water apparatus already described, an additional exhaust pipe formed
with angles, elbows, bends, or curves, which additional exhaust pipe
I call the condenser, and I place it in a trough or vessel which is
supplied with cold water by any of the methods in ordinary use, and it

page_text: is arranged in such a manner that the puff or high-pressure part of
the exhaust steam and air as it first escapes from the valve of the
cylinder at each stroke of the engine passes into the hot feed water
apparatus or into the atmosphere, as the case may be, by means of
another valve opening directly opposite the entry of the exhaust steam
and air from the cylinder, and which valve is opened by the force of
the impact of the exhaust steam and air striking against it, whereby
a considerable part of the exhaust steam and air directly passes away,
while the remainder of the exhaust steam and air which has not passed
through the valve goes through the condenser, and becomes thereby
considerably cooled or condensed, and the residuum is drawn off by a
sufficient number of jets of steam acting through air nozzles, whereby
the partial vacuum is obtained.
The 6th part of this Invention relates to the application of steam and
air mixed and combined and superheated, as already mentioned, to those
motive-power purposes where little power but great velocity is desired.
I effect this by discharging the steam and air, which for this purpose
I prefer should be highly superheated, direct into the atmosphere,
whereby I obtain the power required by the recoil in the line opposite to
the line of discharge.