Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 25th May, 1889
I EDWARD EDWARDS of Parkhurst Lodge Eriswell Road Worthing in the
County of Sussex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of the construction and combination or arrangement of the
parts hereinafter described of self acting window sash fasteners and the appliances
also hereinafter described to be used with the same.
By my invention a very efficient and durable fastener is produced its action is very
simple and the window sashes to which it is applied can be fastened either in their
closed or fully open or partly open position or when the sashes are required to
be free for cleaning or other purpose the fastener may be retained or held out of action,
as hereinafter particularly explained.
My improved fastener and appliances may either be used as right or left hand
fasteners. My improved fastener is constructed essentially in the following manner.
In an oblong case which may either be fixed on the surface or be let into the wood
work of the sash is the main bolt the ends of which work crosswise between guides
at the ends of the case. The acting part of the bolt consists of a tongue or projection
near one end which when the bolt is in its shot position projects from one of the
longer sides of the case. The said bolt is pressed into its shot position by a lever
acted upon by a spring. The spring which I use consists of a single steel strip so
doubled or bent as to form two spring arms lying one within the other the outer
spring arm bearing against the lever which acts against the bolt and the inner spring
arm supporting the said outer spring arm. The said main bolt carries a shank which
works in a slot in the case. Fixed to the said shank and working outside the case is
a finger button or small slide by which the bolt may be drawn back by hand. In
combination with the main bolt I use a locking slide working outside the case and at
right angles to the bolt for locking the bolt in its withdrawn position. This is effected
by causing the said locking slide to engage with and hold back the finger button
connected with the spring bolt. The said locking slide is furnished with a button or
thumb plate by which it can be put into or taken out of action. I fix the locking

page_text: slide to a combined spring and shank the angular base of the shank working
in a slot in the case. The spring attached to the underside of the shank is bow
shaped and by its pressure on the bottom plate of the case holds firmly the locking
slide in and out of action.
1 fix the window sash fastener described either at the right or left hand end of the
meeting rail of the bottom sash and I fix to the vertical part of the frame of the top
sash (either at the right or left hand side) a catch or catches substantially of the
constructions herein after described for the tongue or projecting part of the spring
main bolt of the fastener to engage with for fastening the sashes either in their closed
or open or partly open position.
When the sashes are to be fastened in their closed position only I use a catch fixed
near the meeting rail of the top sash and opposite the fastener on the meeting
rail of the bottom sash the said catch consisting of a plate having a beviled top
edge and a flat or square bottom edge with which flat or square edge the tongue
or projecting part of the bolt engages to fasten the two sashes together in their closed
position.
In order to unfasten the sashes the bolt is drawn back from the bottom square edge
of the catch by pressing on the finger button or slide when the bottom sash can be
raised. On closing the bottom, sash the bolt of the fastener as the said bottom sash
nearly reaches its closed position travels over the bevilled top of the catch and is
thereby pressed back and when the sash is fully closed the said bolt is shot forward
and snaps under the bottom square edge of the catch and refastens the sashes.
In place of the bevil edged catch described a catch having a square edge at top and
bottom may be employed. In this case the square edge of the top of the catch is let
into and made to lie flush with the sash but the lower end projects the exposed face of
the catch virtually forming a bevil over which the projecting bolt travels and is
forced back prior to snapping under the bottom edge. Or a square edged double bar
catch may be employed that is a catch having cross bars with a depression between
the said bars. Or a double bar, catch having a single or double bevilled edge and a
gauge at bottom may be used.
long
When the sashes are required to be fastened in their partly open position I fix a
catch for the tongue or projection of the bolt to engage with at the required position
between the top and bottom of the upper sash. This catch may consist of a slotted
plate having top and bottom bevilled edges or a single bevilled edge or a bar catch
may be used. The double bevil edged catch is reversible and may be used either for
a right or left hand fastener. When the bottom sash is raised or the top sash lowered
the bolt is pressed back by the bevil on the catch and afterwards snaps into the slot
or engages with the bar of the catch and fastens the two sashes in their partly open
position. When it is required to fasten the open sashes in any position
catch or rack or ladder plate having a series of cross slots or depressions in it
may be used in place of the single catches already described. The ladder plate
catches are made right and left handed and the other compound catches are preferably
made reversible so that they can be used either with right or left hand fasteners and
the said catches or plates may either be fixed on the surface of the top sash or partly
let into the top sash. The single catches may also be let into the sash instead of being
fixed on the surface. But the construction both of the single and compound catches
is somewhat modified according as they are to be fixed on the surface of the sash or
let into the sash.
I do not however consider it necessary here further to describe the details of the
several catches which I use with my improved window sash fastener.
:
Dated this 6th day of October 1888.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Appliances to be Used therewith.
EDWARD EDWARDS of Parkhurst Lodge, Eriswell Road, Worthing in the County
of Sussex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of the construction and combination or arrangement of the
parts herein after described of self acting window sash fasteners and the appliances also
hereinafter described to be used with the same.
By my invention a very efficient and durable fastener is produced, its action is very
simple and the window sashes to which it is applied can be fastened either in their
closed or fully open or partly open position, or when the sashes are required to be free
for cleaning or other purpose the fastener may be retained or held out of action as
bereinafter particularly explained.
My improved fastener and appliances may either be used as right or left hand
fasteners.
In an
My improved fastener is constructed essentially in the following manner.
oblong case which may either be fixed on the surface or be let into the wood work of
the sash is the main bolt the ends of which work crosswise between guides at the ends
of the case.
The acting part of the bolt consists of a tongue or projection near one end, which
when the bolt is in its shot position projects from one of the longer sides of the case.
The said bolt is pressed into its shot position by a lever acted upon by a spring. The
spring which I use consists of a single steel strip so doubled or bent as to form two
spring arms lying one within the other, the outer spring arm bearing against the
lever which acts against the bolt and the inner spring arm supporting the said outer
spring arm. The said main bolt carries a shank which works in a slot in the case.
Fixed to the said shank and working outside the case is a finger button or small slide
by which the bolt may be drawn back by band. In combination with the main bolt
I use a locking slide working outside the case and at right angles to the bolt for
locking the bolt in its withdrawn position. This is effected by causing the said locking
slide to engage with and hold back the finger button connected with the spring bolt.
The said locking slide is furnished with a button or thumb plate by which it can be
put into or taken out of action.
I fix the window sash fastener described either at the right or left hand end of the
meeting rail of the bottom sash and I fix to the vertical part of the frame of the top
sash (either at the right or left hand side) a catch or catches substantially of the

page_text: constructions hereinafter described for the tongue or projecting part of the spring main
bolt of the fastener to engage with for fastening the sashes either in their closed or
open or partly open position.
When the sashes are to be fastened in their closed position only I use a catch fixed
near the meeting rail of the top sash and opposite the fastener on the meeting rail
of the bottom sash, the said catch consisting of a plate having a bevilled top edge
and a flat or square bottom edge with which flat or square edge the tongue or
projecting part of the bolt engages to fasten the two sashes together in their closed
position.
In order to unfasten the sashes the bolt is drawn back from the bottom square edge
of the catch by pressing on the finger button or slide when the bottom sash can be
raised. On closing the bottom sash the bolt of the fastener as the said bottom sash
nearly reaches its closed position travels over the bevilled top of the catch and is
thereby pressed back and when the sash is fully closed the said bolt is shot forward
and snaps under the bottom square edge of the catch and refastens the sashes.
In place of the bevil edged catch described a catch having a square edge at top and
bottom may be employed. In this case the square edge of the top of the catch is let
into and made to lie flush.with the sash but the lower end projects, the exposed face
of the catch virtually forming a bevil over which the projecting bolt travels and
is forced back prior to snapping under the bottom edge. Or a square edged double
bar catch may be employed, that is, a catch having cross bars with a depression
between the said bars. Or a double bar catch having a single or double bevilled edge
and a gauge at bottom may be used.
When the sashes are required to be fastened in their partly open position I fix a
catch for the tongue or projection of the bolt to engage with at the required position
between the top and bottom of the upper sash. This catch may consist of a slotted
plate having top and bottom bevilled edges or a single bevilled edge or a bar catch
may be used. The double bevilled edged catch is reversible and may be used either
for a right or left hand fastener. When the bottom sash is raised or the top sash
lowered the bolt is pressed back by the bevil on the catch and afterwards snaps into
the slot or engages with the bar of the catch and fastens the two sashes in their partly
open position. When it is required to fasten the open sashes in any position a long
catch or rack or ladder plate having a series of cross slots or depressions in it may be
used in place of the single catches already described.
The ladder plate catches are made right and left handed and the other compound
catches are preferably made reversible so that they can be used either with right
or left hand fasteners and the said catches or plates may either be fixed on the
surface of the top sash or partly let into the top sash. The single catches may also
be let into the sash instead of being fixed on the surface.
But the construction both of the single and compound catches is somewhat modified
according as they are to be fixed on the surface of the sash or let into the sash.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figures 1 and 2 represent elevations of a window to which a self-acting sash
fastener and appliances constructed according to my invention are applied, the two
sashes being represented closed and fastened in Figure 1 and partly opened and
fastened in their partly opened position in Figure 2.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation and Figure 4 a plan (partly in horizontal
section) of a portion of the window sashes Figures 1 and 2 drawn to a larger scale
and Figure 5 represents a side elevation partly in vertical section of the same taken in
a plane at right angles to that in which the elevation Figure 3 is taken; Figures 6
and 7 represent plans of underside of the fastener detached drawn to the same scale
as Figures 3, 4 and 5, the bottom plate being removed, Figure 6 representing the
bolt in its shot position and Figure 7 the said bolt in its withdrawn and held back
position.
The fastener and appliances are arranged to act as a right hand sash fastener as
represented in the Drawings.

page_text: The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
and 7.
ab are the two sashes of the ordinary kind.
On the meeting rail of the lower sash b, a case c is fixed containing the spring bolt
and the slide for holding the said bolt in its withdrawn or non-acting position.
The said bolt is marked dd' in the Drawings. It consists of plate d working
crosswise between a guide and one end of the case as best seen in Figures 6 and 7, the
said plate having a tongue or projection d' near one end which tongue or projection
when the bolt is in its shot position projects from the inner edge of the case as
illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6. The bolt dd is pressed into its shot position by
the lever e acted upon by the double arm spring if, the outer spring arm
f
bearing against the lever e and the inner spring arm supporting the said spring
arm Projecting on the upper side of the bolt d is a shank working in the
slot in the case. To this shank a covering plate or small slide / carrying the
finger button is rivetted or otherwise fastened. By means of the said finger
button, the bolt may be drawn back by hand; i is the locking slide
working at right angles to the bolt. The outer part i carries a finger button
and is connected to the inner part by a stem working in a slot k in the case.
When the bolt is pressed back or withdrawn it is held in that position by the inner
part of the locking slide engaging with a shoulder d³ on the bolt d as represented
in Figure 7, the pressure of the spring bolt firmly holding the slide in its locking
position. Or the shoulder d³ on the bolt may be dispensed with and the said bolt
held in its withdrawn position by the outer part i of the locking slide being made
to cross the end of the slide h of the bolt; is the catch fixed at the right hand
side of the upper sash a and opposite the fastener on the meeting rail of the
bottom sash for the tongue or projecting part d* of the spring bolt d of the
fastener to engage with for fastening the sashes either in their closed position as
represented in Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 or in their partly opened position as represented
in Figure 2. The catch consists of a plate having at top a bevilled edge and at
bottom a square edge . The said plate is furnished with cross slots m, in the lower
edges of which are bevilled and the upper edges flat or square (see the enlarged
views Figures 3 and 5). When the two sashes are closed as illustrated in Figures 1,
3, 4 and
the tongue or projection d' of the spring bolt of the fastener snaps under
the flat or square bottom edge of the catch and fastens the two sashes in their closed
position. To unfasten the sashes, the bolt d is drawn back from the bottom square
edge 13 of the catch by pressing upon the finger button 2 of the slide h when the top
sash can be lowered or the bottom sash raised until the tongue d of the bolt is
brought opposite one of the cross slots m in the catch Z when the finger button is
released and the said tongue d' allowed to snap into the said cross slot. The sash
is thus fastened in its partly opened position. Or both sashes may be opened and
fastened in their opened position as represented in Figure 2 by the engaging of
the tongue d² of the spring bolt with one of the cross slots m in the catch 1.
When the fully opened bottom sash is depressed to close it the tongue d² is pressed
back by the bevilled top of the catch and the bevilled lower edges of the several
slots m in the catch and the said sash moves without obstruction to the bottom
square edge of the catch under which the spring bolt snaps and fastens the
sash but the lower sash cannot be raised or the upper sash depressed beyond the
point at which the spring bolt snaps into the particular slot m in the catch opposite
which the said bolt is brought. When however it is required that one or both
sashes should be opened without obstruction, the bolt d d is pressed back and held in
its pressed back position by the locking slide
I will now describe other forms of catches single and compound which may bo
used with my improved fastener.
When the sashes are to be fastened only in their closed positions catches of the
kinds represented in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 may be used in place of the
catch represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and. The catches represented in Figures 8,
9, 10 and 12 are bevilled at top and have square edges at bottom the tongue of the

page_text: spring bolt being pressed inwards as it passes over the bevilled top of the catch
and snapping under the square bottom edge of the catch to fasten the sashes. The
catches represented in Figures 11 and .13 have square edges at top and bottom the
square edge of the top being let into and made to lie flush with the sash but the lower
end projects the exposed face of the catch virtually forming a bevil over which the
bolt travels and is forced back prior to snapping under the bottom flat edge.
These catches are suitable for use either with right or left handed fasteners.
Figure 14 represents a catch which may be used in place of those last described.
This catch is bevilled at top and shouldered at bottom and is let into the wood of the
sash flush with the gauges p, p at top and bottom.
'
When it is required to fasten the sashes in their open positions at a determined
height catches of the kinds represented in Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 may be used for
the tongue d² of the spring bolt.of the fastener to snap under.
In the catches represented in Figures 15 and 17 a single slot partly crossing the
plate is made for the bolt to snap into and the top and bottom edges are bevilled so
that the catch is made reversible for use either with right or left handed fasteners.
In the catch represented in Figure 16 a slot completely crossing the plate is
made and the face of the catch from the middle slot is bevilled to the gauge
ends 9, 9. This catch is let into the sash flush with the said gauge ends 9, 9 and
can be used without being reversed either with right or left handed fasteners.
The catch represented in Figure 18 has square ends and can be used without. being
reversed for right or left handed fasteners. This catch is let into the sash flush with
the face in which the cross slot is made.
Figure 19 represents a compound catch or ladder plate to be used either with right
or left handed fasteners. In this compound catch slots passing completely across the
plate are used and it is bevilled near its top and shouldered near its bottom and has
gauges at rat top and bottom for determining the depth to which the plate shall be
let into the sash.
Figure 20 represents a long catch rack or ladder plate to be used for fastening the
open sashes in any position. This catch or ladder plate is bevilled at top and bottom
60 as to make it reversible that is, suitable to be used with right or left hand
fasteners.
Figure 21 represents another reversible long catch or ladder plate. In this
compound catch or ladder plate, the top and bottom ends are bevilled but the bevils
are on opposite sides of its faces so that either face of the catch may form its upper
face and have a bevil at top according as it is used with a right or left hand fastener.
Countersunk screw holes are made on opposite sides of the plate or catch for fastening
it to the sash with either face outwards.
Although I prefer to use with the several catches a spring snap bolt constructed and
arranged as described and illustrated yet other spring snap bolts having a like action
may be used with the said catches for the purpose explained.
I
As my improved fastener does not draw together the closed sashes it is desirable to
combine therewith mechanism which shall draw them together. For this purpose
prefer to combine with my improved fastener the self acting grasp described in the
provisional specification filed with my application for patent on the 15th day of
February 1889 No. 2706. When the self acting grasp referred to is used it may be
contained in the same case as the spring bolt and locking slide herein before described
and illustrated, or be contained in a separate case but 1 prefer to combine the
fastener and grasp in the same case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of "my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention of "Improvements in self acting window sash fasteners and in appliances
to be used therewith "
--
First The construction and combination of the parts of the self acting window
sash fastener substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.

page_text: Secondly-The construction and combination of the parts herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings for holding out of action the pushed back
or withdrawn spring bolt of the fastener.
Thirdly-The combination with the window sash fastener claimed in the first claim or
with analogous sash fasteners of the single and compound or rack or ladder catches
or plates for the spring bolt of the fastener to engage with or under for fastening the
sashes either in their closed or fully opened or partly opened positions the said catches
or plates being constructed and used substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Dated the Blowouth day of ML 1000