improvements Pipe non
Year: 1896

page_text: Date claimed for Patent under Sect. 103 of Act,
being date of first Foreign Application (in (17th Aug., 1895
United States of America),
Date of Application (in the United Kingdom), 21st Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 25th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1896
nited States of America),
Date of Application (in the United Kingdom), 21st Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 25th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1896
improvements Pipe
nones
KO
I, JAY K. SHEFFY, of No. 813 West Madison Street, City of Chicago,
County of Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to that type of pipe wrenches in which a pair of movable
jaws is employed, and are forced together by a cam action of a lever pivoted to
one of the jaws, and serving as a handle for the tool. Its object is to provide an
improved form of jaw; an improved connection between the hand lever and the
jaws and positive means for opening the jaws.
The invention consists in forming the larger jaw as a J-shaped hook and
pivoting the smaller jaw or dog to the stem of the larger one, in such a manner
that it will close the mouth of the latter, and in the peculiar form of the hand
lever so that it has a positive cam action upon the smaller jaw both to force it into
action and to release it therefrom.
The handle is a lever of the first class. Its fulcrum being a pivot pin by which
it is secured to the larger jaw. This jaw is in the form of the letter J the pivot
pin being near the end of its stem which is bifurcated to receive the handle and
also the smaller jaw of the dog which is pivotally secured to the larger jaw.
The inner surface of the larger jaw is toothed through its curved portion and
the face of the smaller jaw which opposes the toothed portion of the larger jaw
is toothed. The smaller jaw projects backwardly a short distance from its pivotal
point and its back or rearward face is in the form of a compound curve being
convex at each end and concave at its middle portion.
A handle has a forwardly projecting toe piece which presents a convex face to
the convex face of the dog and a backwardly projecting heel piece which presents
a convex face to the convex face of the smaller jaw. The jaw being caught over
the pipe to be operated upon, a bite upon the pipe is secured by longitudinal
draft upon the handle which tends to bring the larger jaw into a position nearer
to the smaller jaw, and consequently causes the depression of the smaller jaw by
the toe piece. Pressure upon the handle in the direction of the mouth of the jaw
closes the jaws more firmly upon the pipe and secures so firm a grip that the
wrench cannot possibly slip. Pressure upon the handle in the opposite direction
instantly releases the grip upon the pipe and allows the wrench to be moved back
for a new bite. The wrench is disengaged from the pipe by backward pressure
upon the handle throwing the heel against the rearward end of the smaller jaw so
that its other end is raised.
The curved form of the larger jaw insures contact with the surface of the pipe
through a considerable portion of its circumference, so that there is no tendency
to flatten the pipe, however much pressure may be applied and in order to crush it

page_text: the circumference of the pipe must needs be reduced. By actual tests I have
found that under the action of this wrench a pipe will be twisted off before any
distortion occurs by reason of the pressure upon it of the jaws. The curved form
of the larger jaw-also-admite of the use of the wrench-in-very-contracted positions
and furthermore insures great strength. and. consequently admits of the tool being
made comparatively light.
The end of the lever is concave between the toe and the heel to receive the
convex end of the smaller jaw as, the parts approach the closed position.
The toothed face of the smaller jaw is made wide so as to secure an extended
area of contact with the pipe.. This wide surface is secured by forming the jaw
with lateral extensions.
The outer end of the handle is. so. shaped as to be conveniently grasped.
While I have described the wrench for use in turning tubes. or rods, it is
equally serviceable as a nut wrench, and is much more efficient for that purpose
than a wrench with fixed jaws though such jaws may be adjustable for the reason
that it need not be lifted from the nut in taking a new hold, but will freely slide
back over the angles of the nut.
Dated this 21st day of January 1896
HASELTINE; LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Pipe Wrenches and like Tools.
1, JAY KYLE SHEFFY, of No. 813 West Madison. Street, City of Chicago,
County of. Cook and State of Illinois, United States of America;. Merchant; do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same. is to he
performed, to be particularly described and. ascertained, in and by the following
statement :-
The invention relates to that type of pipe wrenches in which a pair of movable
jaws is employed and are forced together by a cam action of a lever pivoted, to
one of the jaws and serving as a handle for the tool. Its object is to provide an
improved form of jaw; an improved connection between the hand lever and the
jaws and positive means for opening the jaws.
The invention cousists in forming the larger jaw as a J-shaped, hook and
pivoting the smaller jaw or dog to the stem of the larger one, in such a manner
that it will close the mouth of the latter, and in the peculiar form of the hand
lever so that it has a positive cam action upon the smaller jaw both to force it into
actious and to release it therefrom.
In the accompanying drawinge,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the wrench, the jaws being open.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of the jaws being closed.
Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the wrench in its position as shown in
Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a plan view, the wrench being in the same position.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line-5-5 of Fig. 1.
The handle A is a lever of the first class. Its fulcrum being the pivot pin D
by which it is secured to the larger jaw B. This jaw is in the form of the letter J,
the pivot pin D-being near the end of its stem which is bifurcated to receive the
handle A and also the smaller jaw of the dog Cwhich is pivotally secured.as
shown at E.
The inner surface of the larger jaw B is toothed through its curved portion as
indicated at 6 and the face of the jaw C which opposes the toothed portion of the
larger jaw, is toothed as indicated at c. The jaw C projects backwardly a short

page_text: distance from its pivotal point and its back or rearward face is in the form of a
compound curve being convex at each end as shown at F. G. and concave at its
middle portion as indicated. at f..
The handle A. has a forwardly projecting toe piece H which presents a convex
face h.to the convex face F of the dog C and a backwardly projecting heel
piece M which presents a convex face m to the convex face G of the jaw. The jaw
being caught over the pipe to be operated upon, a bite upon the pipe is secured
by longitudinal draft upon the handle which tends to bring the larger jaw into the
position relatively as to the handle indicated in Fig. 2 and consequently causes-
the depression of the jaw by the toe piece H. Pressure upon the handle in the
direction of the mouth of the jaw B closes the jaws more firmly upon the pipe,
and secures so firm a grip that the wrench cannot possibly slip. Pressure upon
the handle in the opposite direction instantly releases the grip upon the pipe, and
allows the wrench to be moved back for a new bite. The wrench is disengaged
from the pipe by backward pressure upon the handle, throwing the heel M against
the rearward end G. of the jaw c so that its end F is raised..
The curved form of the jaw B insures contact with the surface of the pipe
through a considerable portion of its circumference, so that there is no tendency
to flatten the pipe, however much pressure may be applied and in order to crush it
the circumference of the pipe must needs be reduced. By actual tests I have
found that under the action of this wrench a pipe will be twisted off before any
distortion occurs by reason of the pressure upon it of the jaws. The curved form
of the larger jaw also admits of the use of the wrench in very contracted positions
and furthermore insures great strength and consequently admits of the tool being
made comparatively light.
The end of the lever A is concave between the toe H and the heel M to receive
the convex end G of the jaw C as the parts approach the position shown in
Figure 2.
The toothed face c of the jaw C is made wide as more plainly indicated in Fig. 4
so as to secure an extended area of contact with the pipe. This wide surface is
secured by forming the jaw with lateral extensions c c¹.
The outer end a of the haudle is so shaped as to be conveniently grasped.
While I have described the wrench for use in turning tubes or rods, it is equally
serviceable as a nut wrench and is much more efficient for that purpose than a
wrench with fixed jaws though such jaws may be adjustable for the reason that it
need not be lifted from the nut in taking a new hold, but will freely slide back
over the angles of the nut.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a pipe wrench the combination with a hooked jaw of a jaw C pivoted to
the stem of the hook so as to close across its mouth and having a backwardly
extending heel of a haud lever, pivoted to the stem of the hooked jaw and having
a toe adapted to bear upon the back of the forward end of the jaw C and a heel
adapted to bear upon the back of the rearward end of the said jaw whereby the
angular movement in either direction of the handle with reference to the hooked
jaw positively actuates the jaw C, substantially as described, and for the purpose
specified.
2. In a pipe wrench the combination with a J shaped jaw of a jaw C pivoted to
the stem of such jaw and adapted to extend across the mouth of its curved portion,
and a lever A pivotally attached to the stem of the J shaped jaw and adapted to
bear upon the back of the jaw C and to thereby close the two jaws forcibly
together, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
3. In a pipe wreuch the combination with a hooked jaw B of a jaw C pivoted
to the stem of the jaw B and adapted to extend across its mouth and having a
backwardly extending heel. The jaw C having its back convex at each end, and

page_text: intermediately concave, and a hand lever pivoted to the stem of the jaw B and
having a toe piece for contact with the forward end of the jaw C and a heel piece
for contact with the rearward end of such jaw, such hand lever having a recess
between its toe and heel to receive the rearward end of the jaw C when its
forward end is depressed, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
4. In a pipe wrench the combination of a hooked jaw, a clamping jaw pivoted
to the hooked jaw, so as to extend across its mouth, a lever of the first class
pivoted to the hooked jaw above, and adapted to bear upon the back of the
clamping jaw, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 25th day of September 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.