Improvements in the Manufacture of Tufted Woven Fabrics.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1891-Accepted, 15th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tufted Woven Fabrics.
We ADAM BOLLENTIN, of No. 342 West 40th Street, in the City of New York,
in the State of New York, and ROBERT STUNTZ, of No. 615 West 22nd Street, in
the same City, Carpet Manufacturers, and ADOLPH CUDELL, of Randolph and
La Salle Streets, in the City of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, Architect, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:—
This improvement relates especially to tufted woven fabrics such as are now made
by hand for rugs, but the tufted fabric which constitutes our invention may be of
This fabric is
various materials and weights, to adapt it to various other uses.
composed of a warp and a weft and a series of tufts, each of which completely
encircles one warp thread, and is looped around the back of an adjacent warp thread
on one side of that which it encircles, the tufts thus being so knotted to the warp as
to be firmly secured to the fabric.
In carrying out our invention, we employ an ordinary loom reed, and two toothed
racks arranged in front of said reed, the upper rack having its teeth presented
downwards, and the lower one having its teeth presented upwards. These racks
are intended to have imparted to them at proper intervals a longitudinal movement
across the reed (the movements of the two being simultaneous, but always in
opposite directions), for the purpose of giving a lateral movement to the warp
threads. Above the reed, and at a suitable distance in front of it, is a horizontal
bar which carries a number of trumpet-like tubes equal to half the number of warp
threads in the fabric, minus the selvage threads. The yarn from which the tufts
are made is supplied through these tubes from a series of beams or rollers, said
beams or rollers and tubes and their appurtenances resembling substantially those
employed in known looms for weaving tufted fabrics. Under the said bar and tubes
are arranged a series of nippers, one for each tube.
The necessary movements of the parts take place as follows:-The shed
of the racks take
is opened in the ordinary way, and the movements
place, the upper one moving say to the right and the lower one moving say
to the left. The nippers rise between the warp threads and seize the end of
the tuft yarn which protrudes through the bottom of the tube. The nippers
then descend a distance equal to the length of yarn required to make a complete
tuft and knot and carry the tuft yarn from its tube down between the warp threads
The rack bars are moved back to their
to a proper distance below the open shed.
first position, thus causing the tuft yarn between the tube and the nippers to take a
zigzag form by reason of the changed position of the warp threads. The nippers
rise again and carry up with them a sufficient length of tuft to produce one of the
tuft ends required. The position of the warp threads is now however reversed, and
the yarn is therefore looped around the lower warp thread of the shed, and is crossed
above the said thread. The nippers now open and liberate the end of the yarn, and
descend to their first position below the shed. The shed being closed, the yarn is
cut off near the bottom of its tube. The closing of the shed causes the warp upper
threads to carry down the yarn over the lower thread, so that the latter is completely
encircled by the yarn, and at the same time the yarn is left looped under the upper
thread. The knot is thus completed.
One or two shots of filling are now put in as in ordinary plain weaving. The
inanufacture of the fabric is a repetition of the above described operations.
The fabric thus produced not only possesses the advantage of having the tufts

page_text: knotted into it in a very secure manner, but also has the further advantage that
the tufts appear closer together in the pile, because their ends are evenly
distributed.
Dated this 7th day of October 1800
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tufted Woven Fabrics.
We ADAM BOLLENTIN of No. 342 West 40th Street in the City of New York
in the State of New York, and ROBERT STUNTZ of No. 615 West 22nd Street in
the same City, Carpet Manufacturers, and ADOLPH CUDELL of Randolph and
La Salle Streets in the City of Chicago in the State of Illinois, Architect, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This improvement relates especially to tufted woven fabrics such as are now
made by hand for rugs, but the tufted fabric which constitutes our invention may
be of various materials and weights, to adapt it to various other uses.
This fabric is composed of a warp and a weft, and a series of tufts, each of which
completely encircles one warp thread, and is looped around the back of an adjacent
warp thread on one side of that which it encircles, the tufts thus being so knotted
to the warp as to be firmly secured to the fabric.
Our improvement is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. represents a transverse section of two warp threads and a tuft enclosing
one of them, and looped around the back of another one, illustrating the way in
which the tufts are knotted in our fabric.
Fig. 2 represents a section of a piece of our fabric taken parallel with the weft.
Fig. 3 represents a section of the same, parallel with the warp.
Figs. 4 to 12, inclusive, represent portions of a loom which may be employed for
the manufacture of our fabric, showing the parts which encircle and knot the tuft
into the fabric in different positions.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
a a' are the warp threads; the weft. The letters c, c, e², c³, designate the
tufts, these four letters being employed to indicate the different parts of a tuft.
In Fig. 1, the portion e of the tuft is shown as completely encircling the warpa;
the portion as looped around the back of the warpa; and the two ends cas
projecting above the warp. Each tuft thus encircles one warp thread, and is looped
around the back of the next one, on one side of it, between the successive shots of
weft, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. This fabric may be produced in various ways,
and may be woven in a loom of any suitable kind. We do not confine ourselves to
the use of any particular process, or any particular kind of loom or mechanism for
the purpose.
We will, however, describe with reference to Figs. 4 to 12, inclusive,
certain parts of a loom and their operation, by which the fabric may be produced.
Dd designate an ordinary loom reed. Ee and Ee designate two toothed racks
arranged in front of said reed, the upper rack having its teeth e presented down-
wards, and the lower one having its teeth e presented upwards. These racks are
intended to have imparted to them, at proper intervals, as will be presently explained,
a longitudinal movement across the reed, the movements of the two being simul-
taneous, but always in opposite directions.
Above the reed, and at a suitable distance in front of it, is a horizontal bar F,
which carries a number of trumpet-like tubes, equal to half the number of warp
threads in the fabric, minus the selvedge threads. The yarn from which the
tufts are made is supplied through these tubes from a series of beams or rollers, said

page_text: beams or rollers and tubes and their appurtenances resembling substantially those
employed in known looms for weaving tufted fabrics. Under the said bar F and
tubes, are arranged a series of nippers, one for each tube.
To explain the method of inserting and knotting the tuft by the means herein
represented, we will first suppose the parts to be in the position indicated in Fig. 4,
the rack bars E E' having their teeth opposite the dents of the reeds, and the
nippers being depressed below the reeds. For the purpose of better illustrating
the operation, we have represented the warp threads as shaded alternately light and
dark, the dark threads being designated by a, and the alternating light ones by a¹.
The necessary movements of the parts take place in the following order :-
(1.) The shed is opened as illustrated in Fig. 5, wherein the warp a is shown
raised and the warp a' depressed.
(2.) The movements of the racks take place, the upper one E moving say to the
right, and the lower one E moving to the left, as shown in Fig. 6.
(3.) The nippers g rise between the threads a a', and seize the end of the tuft
yarn c*, which protrudes through the bottom of a tube, as shewn at Fig. 7.
(4.) The nippers a descend a distance equal to the length of yarn required to
make a complete tuft and knot, such as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and carry the
tuft yarn from the tube down between the warp threads to a proper distance below
the open shed, as shown in Fig. 8.
(5.) The rack bars E E' are moved back to the first position mentioned, corre-
sponding with Fig. 5, thus causing the tuft yarn c* between the tube f and the
nippers, to take a zig-zag form, as shewn in Fig. 9.
(6.) The nippers rise again, but not so high as shewn in Fig. 7, and carry up
with them, between the two threads a a', a sufficient length of tuft to produce onc
of the tuft ends, as shown in Fig. 10. The yarn is now looped around the lower
thread a' of the shed, and is crossed above the said thread.
(7.) The nippers open and liberate the end of the yarn, and descend to their first
described position, as shown in Fig. 11.
(8.) The shed is closed, and the yarn is then cut off near the bottom of the tube f.
The closing of the shed causes the warp threads a to carry down the yarn over the
thread a', so that the latter is completely encircled by the yarn, and at the same
time the yarn is left looped under the thread a. The knot is thus completed.
One or two shots of filling are now put in; as in ordinary plain weaving.
manufacture of the fabric is a repetition of the above described operations.
The
The fabric thus produced not only possesses the advantage of having the tufts
knotted into it in a very secure manner, but also has the further advantage, that the
tufts appear closer together in the pile, because their ends are evenly distributed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that
what we claim is :-
The tufted fabric herein described, consisting of a warp and a weft, and a series
of tufts, each of which completely encircles one warp thread, and is looped around
the back of the next warp thread, at one side of that which it encircles, substantially
as herein described.
Data should of 1001
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.