Improvements in the Making of Securely Looped Plush and other Fabrics having a Flexible Back.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 11th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Making of Securely Looped Plush and other
Fabrics having a Flexible Back.
EDMUND ARTHUR CUCKSON Oldknows Factory Great Alfred Street
Nottingham Glove Lining Fabric Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
To produce on the Payne warp or other warp looms having bearded needles and
guides a fabric having long loops which are held in such position that they, when
afterwards are cut and finished by any of the known methods produce a flexible
plush fabric with the loops firmly secured the same being an imitation of plush or
animal fur and being made from any animal or vegetable fibre. To do this
I employ a special hook to each or any required threads the said hooks being
capable of drawing these loops to any length, these hooks being cast into leads are
fixed to a hook bar supported on other arms, these latter arms being at their
opposite ends fixed to a second shaft from which they receive the desired motion.
This second shaft working in bearings attached to a fixed bed or casting, the
required rocking motion is given to this shaft by particularly shaped levers which
are attached to the shaft at the one end and at the other have the necessary trucks
which are acted upon by irregular shaped arms fixed on to and revolved by the
front driving shaft.
Dated this 11th day of February 1895.
EDMUND ARTHUR CUCKSON,
Nottingham.

page_text: To produce on a warp loom provided with bearded needles and guides a flexible
plush fabric with the loops firmly secured. I employ a hook 1 to each or any
required threads, the said hooks being capable of drawing loops to any length.
These hooks are cast in leads 2 secured to a hook bar 3 "shown at Figure 2"
supported on arms 4 secured to a shaft 5 rocking in the upper end of bearing
arms 6 secured at their lower ends to a second shaft 7 working in bearings 8
attached to the framing of the loom near each end, the bearings 8 project at the
front and form bearings for a cam shaft 9. The required rocking motion is given
to the shaft 7 by particularly shaped levers 10, 11, attached to the shaft at each
end and provided with the necessary trucks at their outer end. The truck carried
by the lever 10 is acted upon by a cam 12 shown at Figures 1 and 3. causing the
arms 6 shaft 5 arms 4 and the hook bar 3 carrying the leads of hooks 1 to be
moved to and from the thread guide bars 93 shown at Figures 2 and 4. The
truck carried by the lever 11 is acted upon by a cam 13 the axle of the truck
engages with the lower end of a link 14 its upper end being carried by an axle
capable of adjustment in the slotted outer end of an arm 15 secured on the rocking
shaft 5 thus communicating rising and falling movements to the hooks 1 in
combination with their to and fro movements.
The revolution of the cam shaft 9 is effected by a toothed wheel 16 engaging
with an intermediate wheel 17 gearing with a wheel 16 on the back cam shaft.
The relative position of the toothed gearing is indicated only by dotted lines at
Figure 2.
The above described apparatus is applied to a warp loom having its operating
instruments arranged as shown at Figure 1 of Payne's Complete Specification
No. 16,677 December 19th 1884 except that the truck bearing levers are shaped
and lengthened so that they may be operated by cams carried by a back cam
shaft g 16 shown only at Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
There are two guide bars g3 each supplied with leads of guides in number the
same as the points 1 shown at Figure 4 each guide bar slides independent of the
other in brackets at the lower ends of levers gl secured to the rocking axle shaft,
levers 9 14 are secured to the shaft g and slotted at the lower end to receive a
sliding piece rocking on an axle projecting from a lever g 15 secured on an axle
shaft y 16 this shaft carries a two armed truck bearing lever g 17 operated by a
guide bar cam g 18 and counter cam g 19 shown at Figures 10 and 11 causing the
guides to be moved alternately to the front and back of the needles carried by the
needle bar d'.
The guide bars g 3 receive end way motion by means of springs at one end of
each bar, the other end of each bar being connected to a rod 95 shown at Figure 2
of Paynes Specification the rod being adjustable to the upper end of a rocking
lever 9 6 operated at its lower end by studs on a wheel g 8 in the usual way.
There are two warp beams K above the loom to supply the guides with yarn
one beam supplies the front guides and the other beam supplies the back guides.
The needle bar d' is connected to the rocking shaft g 16 by means of a three
armed truck bearing lever d² operated by the needle cam Figure 6 and counter cam
Figure 7.
The presser bare is supported upon suitable shaped truck bearing levers
secured to the rocking shaft e and operated by the presser cam Figure 8.
The sinker bar f¹ is secured near each end to a double armed truck bearing
lever f2 rocking on the shaft e and operated by the cam Figure 9.
The combined movements of the several instruments during the working of one
course are as follows, the instruments being in the position shown by the black
lines at Figure 4 the thread guides having moved towards the front of the loom
the front guides are traversed to the right and the back guides to the left, the
hooks rise and pass between the front guides above their threads as shown by the
upper dotted lines they are then lowered, the needles rising to allow the guides to
pass their threads between them towards the back of the loom, the front
guides being theu traversed to the right and the back guides to the left as the

page_text: hooks 1 are lowered nearly to the top of the sinkers as shown by the lower dotted
lines they are drawn outwards to form the length of loop required with the
threads carried by the front guides, the needles rise.high enough to ensure the
threads from the guides passing under the beards of the needles, the sinkers move
towards the front of the loom to hold the work down while the needles rise, as the
needles are lowered the presser bar el, moves towards the front of the loom to press
the beards into the eyes of the needles and allow the threads previously lapped
round the needles to be knocked over, the needles resuming the position shown at
Figure 4. The loops formed by the hooks 1 drawing ontwards the threads of the
front guides are firmly secured by the threads of both guides being lapped round
the needles at each course. In the succeeding course when the guides are at the
front, the front guides are traversed to the left and the back guides to the right,
and when the guides are at the back of the needles the front guides are traversed
to the left and the back guides to the right the traverses being reversed at each
alternate course.
The loops formed by the hooks 1 are afterwards cut and finished by any of the
known methods, thus producing a flexible plush fabric with the loops firmly
secured.
The length of loops formed by the hooks 1 may be varied by employing a cam 12
having a greater throw for making long loops or a smaller throw for making short
loops.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The construction and employment in warp looms of hooks i cast in leads 2 a
hook bar 3 supported on arms 4 secured to a shaft 5 rocking in bearing arms 6
secured on a shaft 7 rocking in bearings 8 carrying a cam shaft 9 provided with
cams 12 and 13 operating truck bearing levers 10 and 11 to communicate
movements to links 14 and arms 15 substantially as described for the purpose
specified and illustrated in the drawings annexed.
2. The construction and employment in warp looms of two toothed wheels 16 on
the cam shafts 9 and 9 16 connected by an intermediate toothed wheel 17 to drive
the cam shafts simultaneously substantially as described and illustrated in the
drawings annexed.
Dated this Tenth day of December 1895.
H. W. GOUGH, C.E.,
Agent.