Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 12th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th Mar., 1887.
FREDERICK RICHARDSON 107 Holloway Road in the City of London Hosier &
Glover do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to Improvements in rotary brushes such as are now generally
used by hairdressers and my object is to cause the brush to revolve by means of springs
contained in drums. The said machine to be placed inside a circular brush, acting on
brush by means of a driving disc attached to springs or used separately from brush,
in which case machine would be fixed hung or placed in any position most convenient
either upon the person of operator or in any part of room where used.
The rotary motion would then be communicated to brush by means of a rubber or
endless driving band or other means acting on a grooved wheel attached to brush as
Another way would be to fix machine in a frame
well as to driving disc on machine.
also containing brush which by keeping the two in a certain relative position would
A brush used with a machine as described
reduce the friction on the driving band.
will dispense with the necessity for a second assistant to work it as is now the case
with present machinery.
I construct machine by fixing into and between each handle a spindle over which
is placed a series of double drums containing springs, similar to ordinary clock springs :
to end one of which is fixed a driving disc for purpose of attaching and communi-
cating power to brush: the inner end of each coiled spring is connected with a
metallic double connecting drum, which joins it to the outer end of an adjacent
parallel coiled spring similar to the-first.-There is a series of these sufficient to give
the number of rotations which may be required. They are so connected together
that the inner end of each spring is connected to the outer end of the next or vice
versa so that the total number of revolutions which can be given depends on the
number of turns which each spring is capable of producing multiplied by the number
of springs. In this way we get a great capacity for rotation from a series of springs
coiled in cylinders or drums having a very small diameter-their effect however being
the same as that of a single spring, one end of which is attached to the driving disc
carrying brush the other to the drum.

page_text: The springs are arranged in a series of metallic drums and are coiled alternately
inside of the outer flange and outside of the inner flange and are connected
in series so that the outer spiral or coil of each spring is connected inside of the
outer flange while its inner coil is connected outside of the inner flange of the
next drum of the series--in other words the motive power consists of a series of
coiled springs which are connected together by double drums: the outer end of one
spring being connected to the inside of the drum while its inner end is connected
to the spindle of the next drum. It will thus be seen that each of these drums
containing springs has a capacity of revolution independant of the others, but they
are so connected that the driving disc will revolve as many times as all the springs are
capable of being wound. The rotation of brush is stopped or checked by levers
pressed against a boss on driving disc, or other means, The driving disc being first
locked by said levers or other means springs can be wound in the usual way of
turning the arbor or flange of drum on which first spring is fixed either direct or
by geared wheels of the usual kinds or said wheels could be so arranged that one could
be fixed to stand holding brush at time of winding and the other fixed to said arbor
so that only one wheel would remain in machine at time of using brush: There
would of course be the usual ratchet and Pall probably fixed in handle. I do not wish
to be understood as claiming the particular spring power inechanism described
irrespective of its application to a hair brushing machine."
FREDERICK RICHARDSON,
107, Holloway Road, London, N.

page_text: declare
FREDK. RICHARDSON 107 Holloway Road London, Oster по негову
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in rotary brushes such as are now generally
used by hairdressers and my object is to cause brush to revolve by means of springs
contained in boxes as shewn. The said machine to be placed inside a circular brush
acting on brush by the cannister revolving through the action of the wound series of
springs as after described; or used separate from brush in which case machine would
be fixed, hung or placed in any position most convenient either upon the person of
operator or in any part of room where used the rotary motion would then be
communicated to brush by means of a rubber or endless driving band acting on a
grooved wheel attached to brush as well as to driving disc on machine. A brush used
with a machine as described will dispense with necessity for a second assistant to
work it.
I construct machine by fixing into and between each handle a spindle upon which
axis is strung a series of boxes as shewn Fig. 2 containing springs similar to ordinary
clock springs capable of revolving loose. A cannister is then passed over boxes having
finally bearings at both ends so as to avoid touching boxes. The cannister is attached
to end spring of the series by a hollow socket fastened to one of its discs which
penetrates centre of end box and is attached to inner end of its spring, the outer end of
which is attached to the box itself. The cannister in this way becomes the driving disc
for all the boxes and keeps machine free of dirt. The outer coil of the other end spring
of the series being fixed to its box, which would require to be fastened to the spindle
or axis so that by turning the axis and holding the cannister or, driving disc or vice
versa winding or putting springs in a state of tension could be performed in the usual
ways. Each spring is contained in a box or frame having on one side a tubular
socket for the purpose of fitting into its adjoining box. The inner end of a spring
being fixed to this socket and the outer end of spring connected to the next box socket
has penetrated by means of a T piece finish which prevents its slipping through causes
a series of springs so used to become as one in their action and any number of
revolutions may be obtained by multiplying the number of turns each spring is capable
of being wound by any number of springs used. In this way I get great capacity of
rotary motion froin a very small diameter. The brush would be passed over cannister
and revolve with it. A Screw brake power is attached to handle for purpose of
checking or stopping speed which can also be checked by holding a boss piece fixed to
cannister for that purpose and constituting a second brake-holding this brake by a
clamp attached to any form of winding stand the turning of the handle would give the
inost convenient form of winding the screw brake could then be applied for the purpose
of locking machine until used.

page_text: Sheet of drawings affixed will aid and more fully describe machine with brush
attached Fig. 1.
Fig. 2. shews form of box or receiver for springs with tubular socket as described.
For lightness &c. I prefer using castings in one piece with any number of arms from
3 upwards.
Fig. 3 Stand for winding machine shewing brush left on at the time.
A. Handles broken off.
B. Fixed Spindle or Axis.
C. Boxes for Springs shewn empty.
D. Cannister or driving disc.
E. One end of cannister shewing Socket on which 1st spring is fixed
F. Boss fixed to cannister by which it is held for winding.
G. Screw Brake with movable washer.
H. Stock of brush.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :
Firstly. The application to a hair brush of the particular spring power mechanism
as shewn.
Secondly. The application to a hair brush of a series of springs for purpose of
obtaining rotary motion independent of geared wheels.
Thirdly. The application to a hair brush of the particular brake power and other
details as shewn.
FREDK. RICHARDSON.