IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARN
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Cayard, of the Firm of Cayard and Company, of
Hebden Bridge, in the County of York, Silk Spinner, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARN."
Sealed the 27th December 1879, and dated the 4th July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Cayard at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1879.
JULIUS CAYARD, of the Firm of Cayard and Company, of Hebden Bridge, in the
County of York, Silk Spinner. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARN."
The object my Invention is to produce a mixed, blended, or mottled yarn
composed of silk two or more colours, that has been dyed and then mixed with
Hitherto silk has been
other colours or self colour previously to being spun.
spun in the undyed state, or if in the dyed state, each colour has been spun
separately. I accomplish my object in the following manner:-During the process
of preparation, I treat the silk by means of water and other appliances in such a
way that it will take the dye and be easily worked after dyeing. I then dye the
silk. The silk is then made soft by means of rollers and other appliances, and
mixed together according to various proportions of two or more colours, or one or
more colours and self colour as required. After this the silk is spun. By this
process I can produce a small or large quantity of single yarn composed of silk of
two or more colours, or one or more colours and self colour, shewing a variety of
And I also avoid the necessity of producing
mixed, mottled, or blended effects.
coloured noil or waste, and more than one quality of fibre.
JULIUS CAYARD, of the Firm of Cayard &. Company, of Hebden Bridge, in the
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARN."
County of York, Silk Spinner.
The object of my Invention is to produce a mixed, blended, or mottled yarn,
composed of silk of two or more colours that has been dyed and then mixed with
Price 11

page_text: other colours or self colour previously to being spun. Hitherto silk has been spun
in the undyed state, or each colour has been spun separately, and the various
threads of the same or different colours have been twisted together; this has
necessitated the spinning of the silk in large quantities. I accomplish my object in
the following manner:-I put the silk through the ordinary process of preparation
until it comes out in the form of a twisted sliver or slubbing. The sliver. or
slubbing then reeled into hanks, and in the reeling I pass it through water; the
use of water prevents the silk from matting when being dyed. After the silk is
reeled it is dried; I then dye the silk. The silk is then hank wound in the
ordinary manner, but special care is required owing to the softness of the material;
I then pass the silk thro' a roving frame or dandy to take out the twist and to
soften it, but when owing to the dye used or from any other cause the silk is hard,
I use a roving frame or dandy with gills. The silk is then roved. This is done
one or more times according to the size of roving required. The last time that the
silk is roved I place the bobbins of the two or more colours, or one or more colours
and self colour, required to be mixed on the roving frame, and these are mixed by
and in the process of roving. To prevent the roving from being unevenly mixed,
behind each back roller I attach an upright plate to the traverse rod having as
many holes bored as there are ends to be mixed; I prefer to have these holes bored
one just above the other in a slanting direction across the plate. The silk is then
spun in the ordinary manner. To retain the effect of the different colours appearing
in the yarn mixed but still distinct care must be taken not to overdraft. I obtain
a more or less decided effect by less or more draft. As a modification of my In-
vention a similar effect can be obtained by using silk in combination with wool or
any other fibrous substance in a similar manner, the silk and wool or other fibrous
material being mixed in the process of roving as before mentioned. By this
process I can produce a small or large quantity of single yarn composed of silk
of two or more colours, or one or more colours and self colour, shewing a variety of
mixed, mottled, or blended effects. I also avoid the necessity of producing coloured
noil or more waste than is usual in spinning, and more than one quality of fibre.
Having thus described my said Invention and the means with which I am
acquainted for carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise details described herein, as these may be varied
without departing froin the character of iny Invention, but what I believe to be
novel and original, and what I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before recited Letters Patent is, the method of producing a mixed, blended, or
mottled yarn composed of silk of two or more colours that has been dyed and then
mixed with other colours or self colour previously to being spun herein before shewn
and described.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of
Witness.
CHAS. DOUGLAS,
"
Clerk to said Julius Cayard."
JULIUS CAYARD. (LS.)