A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR GLAZING OR ENAMELLING WALLS, AND A COMPOSITION OR COMPOSITIONS THEREFOR
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW OR
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR GLAZING OR ENAMELLING WALLS, AND A COMPOSITION
OR COMPOSITIONS THEREFOR." A communication from Victor Prosper Gaston,
Viscount de Romanet, residing at Versailles, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1876.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR GLAZING OR ENAMELLING
A communication
WALLS, AND A COMPOSITION OR COMPOSITIONS THEREFOR."
from Victor Prosper Gaston, Viscount de Romanet, residing at Versailles, France.
The Invention consists in glazing or enamelling walls by applying on the said
walls a compound, coloured or not, rendered adhesive and penetrating by its
inelting obtained by heat, a process applicable to the purifying of foundations or
walls formerly built or in course of building, to the construction of pits, cisterns,
brick or stone tanks, basins of every kind, and to the monochromatic or polychro-
matic decoration of buildings. The process differs from the processes hitherto
employed, in that it covers the parts to be decorated or protected with a vitrified
coating adhesive by penetration and unalterable by atmospherical agency.
It
This compound varies in its.composition according to the nature of the materials
employed in the construction of the wall which has to be glazed or enamelled.
is impossible to specify a compound for each kind of surface to be worked upon,
whether brick, stone, or other similar material; but the slightest acquaintance with
ceramic chemistry indicates the modifications that are to be introduced into its
composition, always based upon the principles which rule the glazing or enamelling
of ceramics.

page_text: SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and
of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st October 1876.
.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Ruc
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR GLAZING OR ENAMELLING
WALLS, AND A COMPOSITION OR COMPOSITIONS THEREFOR.” A communication
from Victor Prosper Gaston, Viscount de Romanet, residing at Versailles, France.
The Invention consists in glazing or, enamelling walls by applying on the said
walls a compound, coloured or not, rendered adhesive and penetrating by its
melting obtained by heat, a process applicable to the purifying of foundations or
walls formerly built or in course of building, to the construction of pits, cisterns,
brick or stone tanks, basins of every kind, and to the monochromatic or polychro-
matic decoration of buildings. The process differs from the processes hitherto
employed, in that it covers the parts to be protected or decorated with a vitrified
coating adhesive by penetration and unalterable by atmospherical agency.
This compound varies in its composition according to the nature of the materials
employed in the construction of the wall which is to be glazed or enamelled. It
is impossible to specify a compound for each kind of surface to be worked upon,
whether brick, stone, or other similar material; but the slightest acquaintance with
ceramic chemistry indicates the modifications that are to he introduced into its
composition, always based upon the principles which rule the glazing or enamelling
of ceramics. Thus, for instance, on a brick surface calcic boro-silicates of lead and
of zinc with excess of boric acid will be found to produce favourable results. How-
ever, any such or such a brick of any such or such a composition, either more or
less burnt, will yield more or less easily silica or lime, which, combining with the
elements designed to form the enamel, will cause the nature and fusibility of the
same to vary, whilst any such other brick very much burnt will admit of pene-
tration without any of its component elements contributing to the formation of the
enamel. Much more then must the workman take into account while making up
his compound the nature of the stone, if stone it be, that is to be glazed over or
enamelled. Mortars and cements are easily enamelled without the addition of
lime, but with a slight excess of silica. Fluorides and alkalis (soda and potash)
produce favourable results on certain stones, but they must be used with great
caution, the enamels thereby produced becoming deliquescent if any traces of alkali
remain after the melting without being combined with the other elements. The
hardness and elasticity of the enamel is increased by the lime in its different
conditions.
The colouring of the enamel is obtained by means of the metallic oxydes according
to the processes used in enamelling with the blow-pipe.
The melting of the compound is effected by the aid of the simple blow-pipe in
treating a small surface; in the other case the complex or conjugated blow-pipe is
used.
All the means used up to the present day and those which will be used for
feeding the flame of the blow-pipes may be suitably used for enamelling walls
already built. The possibility of using gas for lighting where it exists, the necessity
of substituting for the latter portable gas or other sources of heat used for enamel-
ling by the hand where it does not exist, alone regulate the choice of the operator.
In applying on the surface to be enamelled the compound that is to be melted,
the appliances used in ceramics for holding suspended in the water the powders
designed for the enamelling of pottery may be suitably used; but generally, after
reducing the composition in the water to a clear paste, it may be spread by means
of a plasterer's brush to the suitable thickness. On soft stones a coating of silicate
of potash previously laid on while hot facilitates the operation. In any case,
although the compound spreads and penetrates of itself, it is expedient for the

page_text: operating workman to be provided with a long-handled trowel, by the aid of which
he causes the enamel in fusion to penetrate into the holes, removes the superfluities
or drops, and regulates his work.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention and the manner of carrying
it into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the pro-
cesses of application above indicated, as these may obviously vary, as I have
already said, according to the nature and composition of the materials on which the
said applications are made; but what I claim as entirely new and desire to secure
by the Royal Letters Patent is, whatever may be the process employed, the glazing
or enamelling of walls already built by applying on the said walls a compound,
coloured or not, rendered adhesive and penetrating by its melting obtained by heat.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.S.)