AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BURNING A MIXTURE OF INFLAMMABLE GAS AND. AIR
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Ellison Turner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
March 1862.
.I, SAMUEL ELLISON TURNER, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR BURNING A MIXTURE OF INFLAMMABLE GAS AND. AIR," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an apparatus for burning a mixture of inflammable
gas and air, in present use, wherein the inflammable gas escapes from a jet
placed inside a cylinder, open at the bottom and covered at the top, with a
diaphragm of wire gauze or finely perforated plate, so that atmospheric air
enters the bottom of the cylinder, and mixing with the inflammable gas issuing
from the jet assists the combustion of the same, which takes place on the top
of the perforated. diaphragm. Such burners have been further provided with
a cylinder of wire gauze or perforated metal placed on top of the before-
5 mentioned cylinder so as to surround the flame of mixed gas and air, by which
arrangement a somewhat more complete combustion of the same was effected
by the air passing in finely-divided jets through the wire gauze into the
flame.
My Invention has for its object the rendering of this combustion of mixed
inflammable gas and air in such before-described apparatus considerably more
perfect, and consists in introducing one or more metal tubes into the before-
mentioned bottom cylinder, wherein the mixture of the gas and air takes
place, which tube or tubes is or are open at bottom, and pass up through the

page_text: before-mentioned gauze or perforated diaphragm and into the chamber in
which the combustion takes place, where it is or they are finely perforated,
and is or are, by preference, closed at the top; or a tube or tubes of wire
gauze may be employed instead of the perforated portion of such tube or
tubes: By this arrangement pure atmospheric air passes up through these
tubes, and on coming into the perforated portion which is in contact with the
flame becomes first highly heated; and in this state passes through the fine
perforations into the flame, causing the combustion to take place in a much
more perfect manner and evolving a much greater amount of heat than has
heretofore been the case in the apparatus as at present constructed. The
disagreeable and unhealthy effluvia also which are generated in such apparatus
where the various constituent parts of the combustible gas do not undergo
complete combustion are by my improved arrangement more or less entirely
prevented; and when such gases are employed that generate any deleterious
gas or vapour by their combustion, I prefer. to provide the top of the com-
bustion chamber of my improved apparatus, which is otherwise left quite open,
with a cap or covering of wire gauze or perforated plate, of which the meshes
or perforations are made wide enough so as not to prevent the products of
combustion from passing through freely, but which perforated cap, on becoming
heated to a red heat by the combustion, decomposes the deleterious products
of the same as they pass through it. When the apparatus is of a small size
I prefer to employ only one such before-mentioned internal tube, which is then
placed centrally, passing below through the jet from which the gas issues,
which jet is then of an annular form. When the apparatus is of a larger size
I prefer to employ one central internal tube and several others placed round
the same; or in some cases I form an annular perforated chamber into which
à number of tubes open, conducting the pure air from below. I construct
the above-described tubes of any suitable sectional form, and I employ my
improved apparatus either for gas stoves, for heating, or for culinary or
chemical purposes, or for any other purpose to which it may be applied...