Improvements in Stoves for Cooking and Heating Purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 2nd Oct., 1897
[Communicated from abroad by HOWARD DE WOLFE SAWYER, of No. 86, Crescent
Avenue, Beachmount Revere, in the County of Suffolk and State of Massa-
chusetts, United States of America, Engineer.]
Improvements in Stoves for Cooking and Heating Purposes.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to provide a cooking and heating stove or range
in which the draft is downward, through the fire and through its supporting grate
formed of water-containing tubes supplied from below with water which rises
from the grate, between the fire pot and oven, and by its circulation serves to
heat adjacent rooms. The caloric current, after thus descending, passes under,
upwardly beyond and over the oven, thus entirely encircling it, and heating,
last of all, the top through which griddle holes are formed. Water walls and
bottom are provided for the fire pot and combustion chamber, and flow and return
pipes afford constant circulation for the water. Supply pipes lead obliquely
upward, beneath the oven, and connect the extreme inner end of the water bottom
with the bottom portion of the water back which stands vertically between the
fire pot and oven. Fuel is supplied through griddle holes over the water grate.
An open air space may be interposed between the oven and the combustion
chamber or other part of the caloric passage to temper the heat if required. A
boiler opening through the front wall is provided at the line of the top of the
fire. The fumes of cooking are drawn downwardly into the fire. An ash door
near the bottom permits necessary cleaning out. A horizontal recess in the front
wall of the fire pot and furnished with a door permits ready insertion of the grate
tubes and their supply pipes, and affords space for movement of the water box
due to expansion or contraction of the parts.
The grate may, however, be arranged otherwise than as herein illustrated, the
downward shaft being assured. The walls, the bottom, and the grate and supply
pipes being all filled with water and exposed to the heat simultaneously, expansion
will be practically uniform, and the tubes may run from wall to wall, obliquely,
to promote active circulation.
The fire box with its back and walls and the water bottom with tubular water
passages from its tip to the lower part of the water back may be cast in one and
used integral in heaters of proper size.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through one of my improved stoves.
Figure 2 is a perspective detail, in section, of the fire box, and water bottom
detached and somewhat modified in form.
The central feature of my stove or range is the oven A surrounded by the fire
pot B and the continuous passage C C for the caloric current, shown in Fig. 1
and denoted by the darts. The hollow bottom D and vertical walls E are filled

page_text: with water, as is the water-back F, interposed between the fire-pot and the oven,
the entire water space being connected for free circulation. The grate G and
its supply pipes H enter the water back F, and converging as shown, both enter
the water-box J, which extends horizontally across the front of the stove but is
free from contact with its walls, thus giving freedom of expansion and contrac-
tion, and providing for active circulation of the water therein. The water box J
occupies a recess in the front wall of the stove in which it may move slightly,
and through which the grate tubes G and supply pipes H may be first introduced
in setting up the stove. A door ; may close this recess tightly in the front, to
prevent entrance of air or escape of gases.
Beneath the oven, pipes K run obliquely from the lower end of the water back F
to the inner end of the hollow bottom D where they enter a turned-up foot or
boss into which their ends are screwed, so that the water may rise therein and
circulate freely as it becomes heated by the high temperature of the burning
gases. The connection of the parts shewn gives free expansion and contraction
to said bottom and pipes K, since they are not connected laterally with the shell
of the stove, and can yield lengthwise as can the grate G, pipes H and box J.
The caloric current is downward through the grate and fire thereon, and it im-
pinges with great heating effect upon this yielding bottom and the pipes K which
cross its path. The current is deflected upwardly by the foot d, and continues
back of and over the oven to the funnel L. The foot d is preferably a transverse
shell covering an opening at the tip of the water bottom D and bolted in place.
In view of the great heat produced by the downward draft under the arrange-
ment shewn, I provide, between the oven and the passage CC, an air space M
into which more or less of external air may be admitted through openings ()
controlled by suitable slides. A hot-closet P, adjoining the upright passage C is
abundantly heated by the current impinging, on the end wall and rising in said
passage.
Griddle holes with suitable covers Q are formed over the fire-pot B and oven A,
the first of these constituting the draft opening above the fire. A broiler opening R
may also be formed just above the fire level in the front wall. This may serve
to admit the draft when the griddle holes are occupied by kettles or otherwise.
The ash door U opens through the front wall into the combustion chamber beneath
the grate, for removal of ashes.
My stove or range is of great utility for heating adjacent rooms by hot water
circulation. To promote this I extend flow pipes S, upwardly from the top of
the water back F, within or near to the funnel L, so as to utilize the heat remaining
in the caloric current. Such pipes S run to radiators in the various rooms to be
heated and return thence to the lower part or hollow bottom D through return
pipes T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:
1. In a down-draft cook stove or range, the fire-pot and the oven, both within
the shell or body of the stove proper, and the water back F, immediately between
them, in combination with the tubular grate G through which water circulates
freely, and a draft inlet through the stove body above the grate, admitting air
downwardly between the grate bars, and with the caloric passage CCC surrounding
the oven, substantially as set forth.
2. In a down-draft cook stove or range, the interior oven, in combination with
the fire-pot within the stove body and having water walls, a tubular water grate
therein and a draft inlet above said grate, and with a caloric passage from such
fire pot extending beneath, beyond and over the oven, substantially as set forth.
3. In a down-draft cooking and heating stove, the interior oven and the caloric
passage surrounding said oven,, in combination with the fire-pot having a water
back with water grate connected thereto, and a water bottom extending beneath

page_text: the oven, and with inclined water pipes beneath the oven, within the caloric
passage, and connecting the extension of said bottom with the water back, sub-
stantially as set forth.
4. In a down-draft cooking and heating stove, the oven A, enclosed within the
shell or body of the stove proper, and the heat passage C C C encircling the oven,
in combination with the fire-pot having a water bottom and water back, an
enclosed water grate communicating with said water back, a draft inlet above said
grate whereby a downward draft is ensured, and flow and return, pipes for hot
water circulation to adjacent room, substantially as set forth.
5. In a down-shaft heating apparatus, the fire-pot having a water back and a
tubular water grate communicating therewith and extending forward therefrom,
in combination with a draft-inlet above the grate, a water bottom beneath the
grate and fire-pot and running rearwardly beyond said water-back, and a tubular
connection between the tip of said water bottom and the lower part of the water
back, substantially as set forth.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.