Holes in Metal, Stone, and other Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Holes in Metal, Stone, and other Materials.
I, Count ANGILBERT VALERY DE VISMES of La Colline, Nyon, Vaud in the
Republic of Switzerland do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
My Invention relates to an improved drilling or perforating machine for drilling
or perforating metal stone wood and other materials and consists. essentially in
improved arrangements of the parts for operating and regulating the advance of
the drill or cutting tool as herein after explained.
'
The mechanical perforation of hard materials such as stone, metal, wood and the
like is performed most rapidly and advantageously when the tool is caused by the
operation of one transmission of motive power to act upon the part to be perforated
under the three following conditions acting in concert namely
1. Sufficient pressure to cause the point of the tool or drill to penetrate the
material.
2. Rotary motion causing the tool or drill to cut away or remove parts of the
material:
3. Automatic, continuous and regular advance of the tool or drill at a rate
accurately proportioned to the nature of the material.
+
The universal perforator forming the object of this invention complies with all
these conditions and is moreover arranged to work in either a horizontal or vertical
direction and to be actuated by hand or power.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a perforating or drilling
machine according to this invention in vertical section..
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.
The parts employed to transmit motion to any suitable drill or tool O are supported
in bearings B and B in a support or stand A. The said parts consist of a screw V

page_text: (carrying the drill or perforating tool) and a nut E receiving differential rotary
motions the former being driven by a wheel R and the latter by a wheel R¹. The
wheel R is connected to the nut E which is retained in the boss of the wheel by
a screwed pin a and turns freely in the bearing B by which it is supported and
which is provided with a cap or cover which can be adjusted to compensate for wear
(Figure 2).
The wheel R is supported in the boss of the wheel R¹ and is provided with a
projection driving the screw V and sliding in a groove in the side of the said. screw
which also works in the nut E. The wheel R is driven by a wheel Q carried by a
central shaft C and the wheel -R is driven by a wheel -Q.carried by a hollow
shaft through which the shaft C is passed and which works in the bearing B¹.
The shaft Calso carries fast and loose pulleys P P1 (Figure 1) and a hand wheel M
which is screwed on to the end of the shaft its boss being also held between a
collar cand a ring d on the shaft (.
By turning the wheel M. the central shaft is displaced relatively to the hollow.
shaft Turning the screw in one direction causes the shaft C to slide longi-
tudinally in the shaft C and put out of gear the species of friction clutch formed
by the bosses of the wheels QQ. Turning the screw in the opposite direction forces
the cone on the boss of the wheel Qinto the corresponding hollow in the boss of the
wheel and causes the two wheels Q and Q¹ and consequently the two shafts () C¹
to rotate together.
The shaft C terminates in a square end g for the reception of a crank handle
employed to rotate the shaft separately when disconnected from the other shaft as
hereinafter described.
The effect of this arrangement is as follows. It must be borne in mind that when
a screw rotates freely in a stationary nut or when a nut rotates freely upon a stationary
screw the screw in the first case and the nut in the second advances or is moved
in the direction of its axis to an extent equal to the pitch of the screw at each complete
revolution. On the other hand if the nut be rotated (being at the same time prevented
from moving in the direction of its axis) upon a screw rotating in the same direction
as the nut but at a different rate of speed the screw will be caused to advance to an
extent equal to the pitch of the screw multiplied by the number of revolutions less the
distance which the nut would advance if rotating on a stationary screw. Under these
conditions the longitudinal movement of the screw depends solely on the relation or
proportion between the speeds of rotation of the screw and of the nut or on the
dimension of the pitch of the screw.
This is what I obtain in this apparatus by making the wheels R R1 and Q Q¹ of
different diameters and making the pitch of suitable dimensions. In order to change
the rate of advance it is consequently simply necessary to change the proportion
between the toothed driving wheels or preferably to change the pitch of the screw V.
This second method being the most convenient in practice is the method which I
prefer to employ but the other method may be adopted if desired. By taking out
the screwed pin a the screw and nut can be taken out and exchanged when required
for others of a different pitch.
It will be observed in a general way that the advance of the drill even at the
slowest rate is obtained by means of a screw with a relatively coarse pitch being of
great strength, presenting no difficulty in cutting and admitting of the rapid with-
drawal of the drill. To remove the drill quickly from the hole the hand wheel M is
screwed up tight so as to disconnect the wheels Q and Q and a crank handle being
placed on the square end g of the central shaft the screw V is enabled to be rapidly
rotated, the nut E remaining stationary.
When it is desired. to work the machine by hand the pulleys P and P¹ are
renioved and a fly wheel with a crank handle or its equivalent put on in their place.
The support A of the machine comprises a base or foot A' and opposite to this foot
there is a plate D of the same dimensions which enables the machine to be clamped
on the article to be operated on or on any suitable table or bench or other support in
any desired position. The said foot and plate are connected by clamping bolts f

page_text: and by a screwed rod F serving as a point of support and as a rogulator for adjusting
the pressure on the article to be perforated which is clamped between the foot and
the plate.
The drill or perforating tool being attached to the screw V is guided in a bush
or collar e acting as a guide fitted in a boss formed on the foot the collar e being
prevented from turning by a suitable stop u. The guide can be changed with
facility according to the size of the drill.
This "universal perforator" and the parts composing the same can evidently be
made of any suitable dimensions and the arrangement of the parts can be modified
according to circumstances without departing from the principle of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination of the screw V and the nut E driven separately by differential
gearing R R and Q Q' whereby the automatic and regulated or adjustable advance
of the tool O is obtained substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
2. The combination of the shafts (and C₁ carrying respectively the wheels Q
and Q with a friction cone and a hand wheel M enabling the said shafts to be rigidly
connected together for the purpose of advancing or moving forward the tool and also
enabling the said shafts to be disconnected in order to rapidly remove the tool from
the work substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
3. The arrangement of the support A with a foot A¹ and clamping plate D for
fixing the machine in any suitable position substantially as herein before described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
4. The combinations and arrangements of parts forming an improved perforating
or drilling machine or apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described.