Improvements in Ploughs.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th July, 1899-Accepted, 30th Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ploughs.
I, CHARLES E. ANDERSON, of South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana, U.S.A., .
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
1
The invention has relation to plows.
The object of the invention is to provide a simple, durable and inexpensive
plow, the point of which may be reversed when one side becomes worn, to bring
the other side into use, and thereby sharpen the worn side. Another object is
to provide a novel form of shear. A further object is to provide interchange-
able chin pieces which are adapted to be attached to the front end of the mold-
board, and are so constructed as to make either a straight or a beveled cut, and
at the same time shield the standard, and prevent the accumulation of grass,
vines, weeds and the like at that point.
With these objects in view, the invention consists in certain features of con-
struction and combination of parts which will be hereinafter fully described and
claimed.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved plow.
Figure 2 is a bottom view, the standard, handles, and beams being omitted.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the removable plow point.
Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of the removable plow point, shear, frog and
landside.
Figure 5 is a fragmentary view, showing the hooked end of the lever in engage-
ment with the arrowhead of the plow-point.
Figure 6 is a detail perspective view of the chin-piece used for making a
beveled cut.
Figure 7 is a similar view of the chin-piece used for making a straight cut.
In the drawings, A denotes the plow beam, B its integral standard, C the
handles, and D the mold-board. These parts may be of any of the well known or
approved constructions, and a detail description of the same is not thought to
be necessary.
1 denotes the frog of the plow, to which the mold-board is bolted. On one
side of the frog is formed or secured the landside 2, and on the other side
is secured the shear 3. The frog is provided with a longitudinal central slot 4,
one wall of which at its lower edge terminates in the ledge 5, while the other
wall is undercut, as shown at 6, and is provided with a longitudinal downwardly
extending flange 7 and a cross flange or stop 8. 9 denotes the plow point provided
with two working faces 10 and 11, the cutting edges 12 of which, and for a little
distance to the rear, are slightly curved to present thickened edges 13, which,
on each side of the point are formed with a socket 14, which enables the point
to snugly fit within the longitudinal slot 4 of the frog and be braced against
lateral, vertical and tortional strain. The rear end of the plow point is provided

page_text: with an arrow-head, which is adapted to be engaged by the hooked end of the
spring actuated pivoted lever 15, and hold the point against dropping from the
recess in the frog.
It will be noticed that the joints are closely formed between the point and the
other parts of the plow, and will prevent the lodgment of grass and roots at these
places.
I prefer to flute or corrugate the shears, so as to give a thin, strong cutting
edge, and one which will at all times remain sharp. In working, the friction of
the soil with the corrugations will wear them down to a sharp edge at all times.
The corrugations run parallel to the direction of movement of the plow, and so
offer no resistance to its free passage through the soil, and act a great deal like
shovels. In plows with a straight edge, the lower side wears away, becomes
blunt, and will not enter 'the ground.
E denotes one form of my chin-piece, which is curved as shown, and has a
curved working edge e. The chin-piece is formed with a V-shaped socket, one
side of which embraces the landside and the other side the frog immediately
above the point, and is provided with a lip which projects at the rear of the mold-
board and is bolted thereto by a bolt f. This form of chin-piece will make a
beveled cut, and will also prevent rubbish from gathering between the mold-board
and the beam.
In Figure 7, I show another form of chin-piece, which is lettered G. This
chin-piece is substantially the same as the chin-piece E, with the exception that
its cutting edge is straight instead of curved, thus making a straight cut.
These chin-pieces when in place are firmly and securely supported, and present
a sharp cutting edge, which can be cheaply replaced when worn dull.
It will of course be understood that various changes in the form, proportion,
and the minor details of construction, may be resorted to without departing
from the principle, or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination with the frog, the shear and the landside, said frog being
provided with a central slot, the lower edge of one wall of which is providel
with the laterally projecting flange, and the lower edge of the other wall of which
is provided with a downwardly projecting flange and with a cross stop or flange,
of a reversible plow point having recesses in its sides and an arrow head, and a.
lever for engaging the arrow head and locking the plow point in the longitudinal
recesses of the frog, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination with the frog, the shear and the landside, said frog being
provided with a central slot, the lower edge of one wall of which is provided with.
a laterally projecting flange and the lower edge of the other wall of which is
provided with a downwardly projecting flange and with a cross stop or flange," a
reversible plow point having recesses in its sides and an arrow head, inter-
changeable chin-pieces secured above the plow point, and a lever for engaging the
arrow head and locking the plow point in the longitudinal recesses of the frog,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a plow, a shear having a fluted or corrugated cutting edge, substantially.
as and for the purpose set forth.
Thated th OHLL 1
PT 1
1000
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London.