Improved Stoneware for Building Blocks, Tiles, Ornaments, and other Articles and Objects.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1894-Accepted, 4th Aug., 1894
COME DELE DECIFICATION.
Improved Stoneware for Building Blocks, Tiles, Ornaments, and
other Articles and Objects.
We, JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS, of Bridge Street, Birkenhead, in the
County of Chester, Manufacturing Chemist, and CHARLES AUGUSTUS ROPES,
of 9 Princes Avenue, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Ice Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has reference to a new or improved ware wherein certain minerals,
or metallic bodies, or compounds thereof, are combined and formed into a type of
stoneware, being in the manufacture placed or pressed into moulds or matrices or
so worked to give the desired formation to the article or thing to be used. For
instance, tiles, letters, blocks, as building blocks, or other blocks, ornamental and
useful articles or objects, and various other things of this ware may be
manufactured.
According to this invention, the ware comprises a granular substance as sand,
ground spar, ground flint, or other analogous or equivalent matter, or a combination
thereof, silicate of soda or potash or borate of soda, and a compound of aluminium,
preferably alum. The granular material and the silicate or borate of soda as a
solution, are first mixed together, preferably in such proportions as will cause the
first material to adhere together in a dry plastic state, and such compound in this
condition is placed or pressed into moulds, forms or matrices, and being in the
condition named is not sticky or adhesive on its exterior, so will not adhere to the
surfaces of the mould and can be readily taken out of them a short time after being
placed in them, the surface of the article produced being a true copy or model in
the inverse, of said mould surface. When the articles made are removed from the
mould, they are of a porous nature; they are then dried and soaked or otherwise
suitably charged with alum, such as a solution of alum, whereby the silicate of soda
or potash or borate of soda is converted more or less to silicate or borate of
alumina.
The ware thus produced will resist, or is not affected by atmospheric influences,
nor by high temperatures, say, up to those found or existing in domestic fire-grates.
When using, in the production of the ware herein described, sand, or ground
spar, or the like, as the granular matter, and silicate of soda, about 4 parts of such
spar, sand, or the like, to one part, by weight, of the silicate of soda may be used
with success.
Articles or things made of this ware may be used in the condition existing upon
their manufacture as above described, or they may be coated with cements, as
Portland cement, or "Sellars patent compound cement covered under our
former Patent No. 5595 of 1894, or steeped or coated with a solution of lime, or
painted, varnished, or enamelled.
As regards the combined granular material and silicate of soda or borate of soda
above referred to, an equivalent of this under this invention will consist of any
porous material, such as plaster of Paris, fire-clay, etcetera, when combined with the
solution of silicate or borate of soda, such compound being treated with solution of
alum as above described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The herein described improved ware comprising substances or matters, and
produced substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 9th day of May 1894.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.