IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Martin Brun, of Vienne, (France,) Dyer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Martin Brun at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
May 1858.
I, MARTIN BRUN, of Vienne, (France,) Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the dyeing of animal and vegetable fibrous
materials, either in the rough or manufactured state, and consists in adding
to the dyeing baths suitable quantities of a liquid, the effect of which is to keep
the baths much longer fit for dyeing than was hitherto the case, permitting at
the same time suitable alterations in the colours and shades, and giving riso
also to much faster dyes, thus allowing to employ in certain instances pigments
of a cheaper nature or in less quantity as hitherto required for obtaining
the same shades.
This liquid is obtained by dissolving tin in suitable quantities of nitric and
muriatic acids, and then adding to the solution a suitable quantity of sulphuric
acid and sulphate of zinc, or any other salt exercising the same chemical.
action. Of this liquid suitable quantities are added to the dye baths, according
to the nature of the baths and the colours or shades to be obtained; the dyeing
operations further take place in the usual manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Martin Brun in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MARTIN
BRUN, of Vienne (France), Dyer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Iler heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Martin Brun, Her special licence that I, the said Martin Brun,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Martin Brun, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DYEING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Martin Brun,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Martin Brun, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The Invention relates to the dyeing of animal and vegetable fibrous
materials, whether in the rough or manufactured state, that is, whether in the
state of fibres, yarns, cloth, or other stuffs; and consists in adding to the
dyeing vats or baths suitable quantities of a liquid or compound, the effect of
which is to keep the vats much longer fit for dyeing than was bitherto the
case, permitting at the same time suitable alterations or modifications in the
colours or shades, and giving rise also to much faster dyes, thus allowing in
certain instances the use of pigments of a cheaper nature or in less quantity
than was hitherto required for obtaining the same shades. The above
mentioned liquid, which I hereafter call the compound or composition liquid,
is obtained by dissolving grain tin in suitable quantities of nitric and muriatic

page_text: acids, to which solution are then added suitable quantities of sulphuric acid
and sulphate of zinc, or other salt acting in a similar manner. The quantities
of the above mentioned ingredients vary according to the nature of the textile
materials to be dyed and of the pigments, and suitable quantities of this com-
position liquid are added to the dye vats, according to the nature of the said
vats, and the colours, tints, or shades to be obtained.
And in order to make the Invention more fully comprehensible, I will now
give some examples of my modes of acting, though the same may be modified
more or less, and the quantities of the drugs to be made use of varied, without
departing essentially from the principle of the Invention. For fibres, yarns,
cloth, or other stuffs to which the red colour known as madder or Eugenic red
is to be given, I begin by imparting to them the ground colour by means of a
vat of sandal wood, after which I add to this vat a sufficient quantity of
madder and of the above mentioned composition liquid, though, in order to
give more bright or freshness to the colours of the stuff's to be dyed, I prefer
suitably rinsing them immediately after they come out of the vat of sandal
wood. I finally finish the stuffs in a fresh vat with the above mentioned
composition liquid, some tartar and a small portion of cochineal being added
thereto; and by adding again afterwards to the vat suitable quantities of
madder, tartar, and composition liquid, I may then dye at once in this vat
other stuff's to which I wish to give a scarlet or Victoria red colour. Other
reddish colours, tints, or shades may be further obtained by this same vat,
such, for instance, as orange, wood, chestnut, aventurine, solitaire, or other
similar reddish colours, by adding to the vat suitable quantities of alum or
sulphate of alumina, tartar, sulphate of iron, sulphate of zinc, logwood, or
quercitron. The various yellow colours, tints, or shades are obtained in one
vat by means of the composition liquid combined with quercitron, alum, or
sulphate of alumina; for obtaining greenish yellows, some tartar and sulphate
of iron is to be added to the vat; whereas, for producing orange yellows, some
madder and alum is added. Green, olive, or bronze may be obtained from the
same yellow vat, by adding thereto sulphate of iron and logwood, without
being obliged to add indigo; or in case this latter should be added thereto,
the colours obtained by this method would offer much more fastness than
those obtained by the ordinary methods of dyeing. It may be observed from
the above that I always add to my vats suitable quantities of the above
mentioned composition liquid, according to the shades to be obtained; the
various processes made use of in the art of dyeing are also applicable with this
method.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the mode of putting
the same into practical effect, I declare that what I claim as my Invention
consists in adding to dye vats suitable quantities of a liquid obtained by
dissolving grain tin in suitable quantities of nitric and muriatic acids, and
adding thereto suitable quantities of sulphuric acid and sulphate of zinc, or
other salt exerting a similar chemical action.
In witness whereof, I, the said Martin Brun, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.