CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY BLOWING MACHINES; WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROTARY PUMPS, TO ROTARY ENGINES TO BE DRIVEN BY STEAM OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND TO METERS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF FLUID BODIES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, of 32, Essex
Street, Strand, London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY BLOWING MACHINES; WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
ROTARY PUMPS, TO ROTARY ENGINES TO BE DRIVEN BY STEAM OR OTHER FLUIDS,
AND TO METERS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF FLUID BODIES."-A com-
munication.
Sealed the 7th December 1855, and dated the 26th June 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux
Bellford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 26th June 1855.
i
:
I, AUGUSTE EDOUARD.LORADOUX BELLFORD, of 32, Essex Street, Strand,
5 London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY BLOWING MACHINES; WHICH ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO ROTARY PUMPS, TO ROTARY ENGINES TO BE DRIVEN BY STEAM OR
OTHER FLUIDS, AND TO METERS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF FLUID BODIES," a
communication, to be as follows, viz. :-
)
The Invention relates, firstly, to the method of operating the fans, buckets,
or sliding pistons, as they may be variously termed,.according as they belong
to a blowing machine, a pump, or an engine. This method of operation
consists in the employment of a drum, arranged so that it may be rotated upon
its axis, and having slots or openings through its periphery for the fans, buckets,"
or sliding pistons, in combination with the arrangement of the fans, buckets, or
pistons upon an independent axis inside the drum, but eccentric to the axis
thereof, so that as the drum is revolved, the fans, buckets, or sliding pistons are
projected beyond the surface of the periphery of the drum.at one side to fill

page_text: the case surrounding it, and at the other side are drawn within the periphery
of the drum. The effect of this mode of operation in a blowing machine is
to prevent any serious drawback or back stroke of the blower upon the dis-
charging blast or current of air. In a pump or engine it forms a convenient
method of drawing in the buckets or sliding pistons to enable them to pass
the abutment, which is necessary to divide the induction from the eduction
chamber.
The Invention relates, secondly, to the use of a roller packing for the afore-
said fans, buckets, or pistons at the point where they pass through the slots in
the periphery of the drum.
At the top of the case surrounding-the-drum-there is an open space for the
ingress of air, and at the lower and front side of it a discharge opening, at
which the blast is given out; and between these openings there is an abutment,
forming part of the case, extending inwards to the periphery of the drum, and
seperating the induction opening from the eduction opening. In the periphery
of the drum there are cut longitudinal slots, their object being to allow the
fans to pass through them, and as the drum rotates on its axis to carry with it
the said fans, which are arranged on a fixed axis eccentric to the axis of the
drum, and consequently to project them at one side beyond the periphery of it,
and at the opposite side withdraws them into the periphery of it, so as to carry
around the back of the blowing machine a full blast of air, and allowing it to be
discharged at the front side free from any serious back action. The axis of the
fans consists of a fixed axle, connected by arms within the drum to the axles
of the drum, and the mode of attaching the fans to the eccentric axle is by
boxes, which are fitted to turn freely on the said axle. :
As the fans are changing their angle with the periphery of the drum as the
drum rotates, they are packed.in slots, where they pass through the drum each
by a cylindrical piece of metal; having a longitudinal slot, through which the
fan passes, and being secured in a box secured to the inner side of the periphery
of the drum; these cylindrical packing pieces, have a rolling-motion in their
boxes, which allow of the fans changing their angle, as aforesaid.
To use this Invention for pumps, rotary engines, and fluid meters, the con-
struction may be the same as that used for the blowing machine, except that
in the place of the wide opening there will be simply a pipe of suitable size for
the induction of water, steam, or other fluids. The operation of a pump will
be substantially like that of the blowing machine, but in an engine or fluid.
meter will be precisely the reverse, the incoming steam or fluid acting upon
the fans (which would then 'be, more properly speaking, sliding pistons), and
thereby giving motion to the drum and the shaft.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Augustę Edouard Loradoux Bellford in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd December 1855..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTE
EDOUARD LORADOUX BELLFORD, of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queeri. Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand 'eight -hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and-grant. unto me, the
said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, Her spécial licence that I, the said
Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the 'said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make; use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for." CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY BLOWING MACHINES; WHICH
ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROTARY PUMPS, TO ROTARY ENGINES TO BE DRIVEN BY
STEAM OR OTHER FLUIDS, AND TO METERS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF FLUID
BODIES," (a communication,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, by an instrument in writing under
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be 'filed' in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
my
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford;
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to the method of operating the fans, buckets,
or sliding pistons, as they may be variously termed, according as they belong
to a blowing machine, a pump, or an engine; and consists in the employment
of a drum arranged so that it may be rotated upon its axis, and having slots
or openings through its periphery for the fans, buckets, or sliding pistons, in
combination with the arrangement of the fans, buckets, or pistons upon an
independent axis inside the drum, but eccentric to the axis thereof, so that as
the drum is revolved, the fans, buckets, or sliding pistons are projected beyond

page_text: the surface of the periphery of the drum at one side to fill the case surrounding
it, and at the other side are drawn within the periphery of the drum. The
effect of this mode of operation in a blowing machine is to prevent any serious
drawback or back stroke of the blower upon the discharging blast or current
of air. In a pump or engine it forms a convenient method of drawing in the
buckets or sliding pistons to enable them to pass the abutment, which is
necessary to divide the induction from the eduction chamber.
Secondly, to the use of a roller packing for the aforesaid fans, buckets, or
pistons at the point where they pass through the slots in the periphery of the
drum. The accompanying Drawings illustrate the Invention as applied to
a blowing machine.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine complete; Fig. 2, a vertical
section of the same in the line y, y, of Fig. 4; Fig. 3, a plan of the same;
and Fig. 4, a horizontal section in the line a, a, of Fig. 2. Similar letters
of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures.
A is the frame, on which is supported two fixed axles C, C, forming the axis
of the drum; B is, the shell or case of the blowing machine. At the top of
this case is an open space 62 for the ingress of air, and at the lower and front
side of it a discharge opening 6, at which the blast is given out to be conveyed
to the furnace or other place where required. Between these openings there is
an abutment 6, forming part of the case, extending inwards to the periphery of
tlie drum, and separating the induction opening 62 from the eduction opening b³.
The drum D fits to work easily and without friction in circular openings in the
ends of the case B, and is hollow and open at the ends, having a hub f at
each end, as shown in Fig. 4, connected to its periphery by arms g, g. The
hubs f, f, are bored to fit as boxes to the fixed axles C, C, on which the drum
is to be rotated by power applied in any suitable way to its axis.. In the
periphery of this drum are cut three longitudinal slots F, F, F. The object of
these slots is to allow the fans G, G, G, of the blower arranged within the drum.
to pass through them, and as the drum rotates on its axis to carry with it the
said fans, which are arranged on a fixed axis H eccentric to the axis of the
drum, and consequently to project them.at one side beyond the periphery of it,
and at the opposite side withdraws them into the periphery of it, so as to carry
around the back of the blowing machine a full blast of air, and allowing it to be
discharged at the front side free from any serious back action. The axis H of
the fans consists of a fixed axle, connected by arms d, d, within the drum to
the axles C, C. The mode of attaching the fans to the axle H is by attaching
them to boxes e, e, which are fitted to turn freely on the said axle.. The fans
are packed in the slots F, F, where they pass through the drum, each by a

page_text: cylindrical piece of metal M, having a longitudinal slot, through which the fan
passes, and being secured in a box N, secured to the inner side of the periphery
of the drum. As the fans are consequently changing their angle with the
periphery of the drum as the drum rotates, these cylindrical packing pieces
M have a rolling motion in their boxes N.
Having described the construction and operation of a blowing machine, the
application of this Invention to pumps, rotary engines, and fluid meters will be
easily shown. For any of these purposes the construction of a machine may
be in all respects like the blowing machine above described, except that in
place of the wide opening 6 there will be simply a pipe for the induction of
The operation of a pump will be substantially
like that of the blowing machine, but in an engine or fluid meter will be
precisely the reverse, the incoming steam or fluid acting upon the fans (which
would then, more properly speaking, be sliding pistons), and thereby giving
motion to the drum D and the shaft C.
water, steam, or other fluid.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be carried into effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that what I claim is,-
First, the arrangement of the fans, buckets, or sliding pistons G, G, G, upon
an axis H, arranged within a drum D, and eccentric to the axis C of the said
drum, whereby the said fans, buckets, or sliding pistons may be revolved by
the said drum, or may be acted upon by steam or other fluid to revolve the
said drum, and by the said revolution may be projected beyond the periphery
of the drum at one side to fill the casing by which the drum is surrounded,
and at the other side may be drawn within the periphery of the drum, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before set forth.
Second, the cylindrical adjustable packing M, applied substantially as herein
set forth, in combination with the fans, buckets, or sliding pistons G and the
drum D.
In witness whereof, I, the said Auguste Edouard Loradoux Bellford, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
A. E. LOKADOUA BELLFORD. (L.S.)