matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALLEABLE CAST IRON
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Clifton Shield at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th November
1862.
I, CLIFTON SHIELD, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
MALLEABLE CAST IRON," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of malleable cast iron by passing
in suitable quantity on to or through raw or crude iron, partially refined or
refined iron, when in the molten state, a current or currents of atmospheric air
or steam, or of air and steam, or any other decarbonizing gas, the steam being
either superheated or otherwise, and the air or other decarbonizing gas at any
temperature. When the decarbonization is pushed beyond the limit desired,
I add in proper quantity to the mass thus obtained crude or raw iron, partially
refined or refined iron, or any substance suitable for imparting a fit proportion
of carbon.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES, BROOMS, AND MATS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emanuel Joseph and Joshua
Danks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 13th November 1862.
We, EMANUEL JOSEPH, of 134, Blackfriars Road, in the County of Surrey,
and JOSHUA DANKS, of 56, Webber Row, Waterloo Road, in the same
County, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES, BROOMS, AND MATS," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to means of combining hair, cocoa nut, or other
fibres into the forms desired for the production of brushes, brooms, and mats.
For this purpose we first weave or otherwise combine the fibres to be used
into a sort of fringe. We then apply to the back or combined edge of this
fringe a solution of shellac or other suitable cement, and we then fold or lay
the fringe so produced with the back or combined edge thereof in layers
together, leaving the front or loose ends thereof free. A convenient method
of obtaining the forms desired is to begin at the centre, folding the fringe
round and round upon itself to the desired size; we then apply a solution of
marine glue or other adhesive matter to hold the parts together, and a back
of flexible or other material, according to the purpose to which the brush,
broom, or mat so produced is to be applied.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SELF-ACTING AND OTHER MULES FOR SPINNING COTTON OR ANY OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Wheater and John Townend
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
18th June 1862.
We, JAMES WHEATER, of Lee Mill, Bacup, in the County of Lancaster,
5 Mechanic, and JOHN TOWNEND, of Pippin Bank, Bacup, aforesaid, Over-
looker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SELF-ACTING AND OTHER MULES FOR SPINNING COTTON OR ANY OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the prevention of waste in cops spun by
self-acting or other mules, and consists in systematically pasting, starching, or
sizing by machinery the bottoms of cops, by having a brush fixed in a box
or cover containing paste, starch, or size, which brush with box or cover
is driven by the friction of the spindles or otherwise along the bottom of the
cops, being conducted on wires placed at suitable distances from the spindles.
IMPROVED INHALING AND SATURATING APPARATUS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Edme Courtillier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
June 1862.
I, CHARLES EDME COURTILLIER, of 184, Boulevart Magenta, in the City
of Paris, Physician, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED INHALING AND SATURATING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
Invention consists in an apparatus intended for inhaling vapours charged
with medicinal substances, its utility is peculiarly conspicuous for the treat-
ment of pneumonic diseases. It may also be of use as a purger of foul
air in rooms. The apparatus consists of two recipients which communicate
together by means of an india-rubber pipe supported by joining metallic tubes
and supplied with cocks, the purpose of which is to regulate or close any com-
munication between both the receivers. The former I shall call a generator,
placed above the flame of a spirit lamp or upon any blaze or fire, contains the
water or medicated liquid to be vaporized, the steam passing through the
india-rubber pipe gets into the latter, which I call a saturator, it is of glass,
metal, or any ceramic matter, and contains the medicinal mixture through
which the steam devolves. On coming out of the medicated liquid, the vapour is
sucked up into another india-rubber pipe or shank tipped with a mouth-piece
allowing the sick person to inhale the steam saturated with medicinal
principles. To the joining tube rising from the generator is adapted a small
valve which opens inwards to allow a small quantity of air to be introduced at
every aspiration into the tube in order thereby to facilitate the absorption into
the stomach.
AN IMPROVED SHAFT, TUG, OR BEARER USED IN HARNESS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Carter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th January
1862.
I, JOHN CARTER, of 20, Danvers Street, Paulton Square, Chelsea, in the
County of Middlesex, Saddler and Harness Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SHAFT, TUG, OR BEARER USED IN
HARNESS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in dividing the tug or bearer, and hingeing or
jointing the same, so as to allow of the shaft being easily placed in the tug and
withdrawn therefrom, such tug or bearer to be provided with a latch or bolt,
whereby the end of the tug may be locked into a catch of brass or other metal
or material, and thus form a complete ring, which, however, need not be
perfectly circular in form. The tug I prefer to have made of iron or other
suitable metal covered with leather, and to hinge the one part of the tug to
the other by a knuckle hinge, and secure the end by a spring latch of brass
or other metal, which catches into a brass catch placed close to the buckle,
by which the tug is attached to the back band of the harness, having a loop or
eye of metal provided for passing the back band through, thereby doing away
with the necessity of passing the back band round the shaft.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUSTREING SILK, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugo Levinstein at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th April
1862.
-I, HUGO LEVINSTEIN, of No. 2, Pinters Court, Old Broad Steet, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LUSTREING SILK, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," to be as follows:-
direct on the silk and
2nd, that by means of
1st, that by my machine the steam works or acts
not by any way of the cylinder like the old system.
this working a great quantity, say four (4 cwt.), can be lustred in a day.
3rd, by this manner the silk turns out a better lustre than if the steam had
gone inside. 4th, that it is left thus to its own convenience to stretch the
silk or not, independant of the lustreing. 5th, that the stretching does not
injure the silk as the silk is damp'd in consequence of the steam acting
direct on the silk..
The machine consists as per accompanying Drawing.
1st, the door by which one plate can be opened and shut. 2nd, the same
door shuts the two cylinders and can be put on or take off the silk from the
cylinder. without burning your hands. 3th a manometer to shew what length
the silk can be stretched without injury. 4th, the cylinder on which the
silk is placed. 5, two screws for extending the silk when stretching is
required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MALLEABLE CAST IRON
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Clifton Shield at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd November
1862.
I, CLIFTON SHIELD, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineer, do hereby declare
5 the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
MALLEABLE CAST IRON," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing malleable cast iron, by injecting
atmospheric air into or upon raw or crude metal (iron) or partially refined
iron, or refined iron in a molten state.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN ORNAMENTING LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S SLIPPERS
Year: 1862

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection only.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Siegfried Simon at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
August 1862.
I, SIEGFRIED SIMON, of Tuilerie Street, Hackney Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN ORNAMENTING LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S SLIPPERS," to be as
follows:-
My improvement consists in cutting, stamping, or otherwise perforating any
ornamental design out of the fronts of the uppers of ladies' and children's
slippers, and fixing a piece of different coloured leather at the back of the
same so as to show through the perforations. I prefer that the colour of this
back piece should be the complementary colour of the upper, such, for instance,
as blue against orange, red against green, purple or violet against yellow,
russet against green, purple against citrine, orange against olive, and other
harmonizing colours. The back piece is first held in position on the back of
the upper by means of gum or any other suitable material, and is afterwards
stitched to the upper by the ordinary lock-stitch sewing machine, the stitching
following the outline of the design in every case. When the slipper is finished,
the inside lining covers the back piece, so that the inside of the slipper is the
same in appearance as an ordinary slipper. The colour of the binding
material should also harmonize with the colour of the upper to produce a good
effect.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE AND OTHER HYDRAULIC WHEELS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th May
1862. A communication from abroad by Mr. Auguste Chesneau, of
29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Merchant.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDLE AND OTHER HYDRAULIC WHEELS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in paddle and other water wheels
whereby the surfaces of the float boards are always kept perpendicular, that
is, at right angles to the action of the water. To obtain this result, I use
either flat or undulating pallets, each furnished with axes turning in bearings
in the sides of the wheels; they are further provided on one edge with a
counterbalance weight, which constantly tends to keep their centre of gravity
below the centre of oscillation, so as to always maintain the pallets in a
vertical position. In order to impart greater power of resistance to the
pallets when the wheels revolve with great rapidity, I place a small crank on
the end of each of the axes of the pallets, the crank pin of which has a
bearing in a large metal ring, which turns freely, by preference, round a
central boss independent of the wheel shaft. This arrangement is for the
purpose of giving as much stability as possible to the pallets while in action,
by accumulating thereon the force of those pallets which are out of action to
maintain the other in action in its vertical position. This arrangement is
equally applicable to water wheels generally.
A NEW APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND DRYING BOOTS, SHOES, OR SLIPPERS, WHICH APPA- RATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR RACKING OR STORING BOOTS, SHOES, OR SLIPPERS FOR EXHIBITION OR OTHERWISE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hinks and Adam Dixon
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 23rd January 1862...
We, JOSEPH HINKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, and ADAM DIXON, also of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Engineer, de hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
APPARATUS FOR WARMING AND DRYING BOOTS, SHOES, OR SLIPPERS, WHICH APPA-
RATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR RACKING OR STORING BOOTS, SHOES, OR SLIPPERS FOR
EXHIBITION OR OTHERWISE," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a suitable frame, made either of wood, iron, zinc,
tin, brass, wire, wicker, or basket work, so constructed that the boots, shoes, or
slippers resting upon the body of the said frame shall expose their uppers or
soles at a proper angle to the action of the fire, and the boots, shoes, or
slippers are held or retained on said frame by means of a bow, rod, tube, or
wire attached to said frame, but at such a distance above the body of the
frame as to permit the foot part of boots, shoes, or slippers to pass between
said bow, rod, tube, or wire and the body of the frame, and the said bow, rod,
tube, or wire may or may not be fitted with spiral or other springs so as to
expand or contract, as may be required for different sizes of boots, shoes, or
slippers.
AN IMPROVED FIRE ENGINE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Narcissus Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th March
1862.
NARCISSUS SMITH, of No. 4, Great Quebec Street, Montague Square, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED FIRE ENGINE," to be as follows:-
The fire engines now in use require 28 men to work them with one hose and
branch. The fire engine I propose to make will only require six men to work
it, and will throw water with hose and three branches to the engine, thereby
saving 22 men and throwing three times the quantity of water from the
engine upon my principal, which will not only save expence, but a large
amount of labour, and will also be equal to three of the engines now in use.
The interior of my proposed fire engine will consist of three barrells,
cylinders, and four wheels, and will be worked with two handles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Anderson Emery at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
March 1862.
I, SAMUEL ANDERSON EMERY, of Arundel Street, Coventry Street, in the
City of Westminster, Comedian, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," to be as
follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the manufacture of soap consists in
combining with the saponaceous materials usually employed in the manu-
facture of soap, woody fibre reduced to a finely divided or pulverized state.
This substance when finely divided and incorporated with saponaceous
materials is found to possess highly detergent properties, and is peculiarly
applicable for the manufacture of skin or toilet soaps.
In carrying out my Invention I have found that the wood from some trees of
the pine tribe is particularly adapted for the purpose, and I have employed the
pulverized fibre or dust from the American white pine with great advantage.
The woody fibre from this or other suitable timber is to be incorporated with
the oils or other fatty substances, alkalies, perfumes, and other ingredients
usually employed in the manufacture of soap, and boiled up and well mixed
with them; and when the ingredients are well incorporated, and the
saponification is complete, the compound may be treated in the ordinary
manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIGMENTS FOR OIL AND WATER COLORS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Noy Wilkins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
March 1862.
I, WILLIAM NOY WILKINS, of Saint John's Wood, in the County of
Middlesex, Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIGMENTS FOR OIL AND WATER COLORS,"
to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is the manufacture of white pigments to be
mixed with oil and water, as hereafter explained, to supersede white lead and
other pigments now used by painters, decorators, artists, and others in laying
on color on pictures, wood, stone, and other materials requiring to be painted.
I manufacture my white pigment for oil painting of equal parts of white oxide
of zinc and plaster of Paris, chalk, or any white aluminous earth, such as
kaolin and pipe clay. I do not limit myself to the proportions stated as a
third or even less of the white oxide of zinc with plaster of Paris, will give a
brighter result though more difficult to work with the brush.
I manufacture my white pigment for water colors by mixing plaster of
Paris with size or glue in proportions according to the consistence that may
be required.
For grinding and mixing the pigments the machinery and apparatus are the
same as those now used for grinding and mixing pigments and colors.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VALENTINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cash and Joseph Cash at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th
October 1862.
We, JOHN CASH and JOSEPH CASH, the younger, of Coventry, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VALENTINES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists in manufacturing valentines in silk, or in a com-
bination of silk and cotton, of the various colors required, according to the design
or pattern to be produced, in an ordinary ribbon loom. Heretofore valentines
have been generally made of paper, and in all cases the design or pattern has
been produced by colors applied by printing or by the brush; now highly
illuminated valentines will be produced by our Invention with the colors for
the necessary design woven into and forming part of the fabric comprising
the valentine.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN KETTLES, SAUCEPANS, AND BOILERS FOR DOMESTIC AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Spencer Smith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th October
1862.
I, SPENCER SMITH, of 204, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN KETTLES, SAUCEPANS, AND BOILERS FOR DOMESTIC AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in having a tube or tubes of suitable
form from the bottom of the kettle, saucepan, or boiler, and terminating at the
back, sides, or any part that is most suitable. I likewise propose making an
arch from the bottom of the said kettles, saucepans, and boilers, starting from
the bottom and terminating at the back or sides, my object being to boil the
water or liquid in detail.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Aspell and Edward Booth
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 26th November 1862.
We, JAMES ASPELL, of Middleton, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
and EDWARD BOOTH, of the same Place, Manager, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to that portion of the power loom known as the
"letting off" motion, and is designed for the purpose of regulating the tension
and the "letting off" or delivery of the yarn.
The improvement consists in applying or employing the movement or
vibration of the woven cloth (caused by the "shedding" and "beating up'
motion,) to the "letting off" or delivery of the warp by any mechanical arrange-
ment interposed between the woven cloth and the "warp beam." One
arrangement of such mechanism may be thus described:-A rod or roller is
to be placed in contact with the cloth at any point between the "beat up" and
the cloth beam and retained in position by levers, the opposite end of one of
which bears upon a finger connected with a pawl acting on a ratchet wheel
which actuates the worm and worm wheel on the yarn beam, the catch being
attached to the racking shaft or other convenient part. Or the same principle
may be applied by the use of an eccentric roller similar to the ordinary
vibrating roller connected as above.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY AND COMMON ROAD CARRIAGES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th April
1862. A communication from abroad by Claude Marie Bathias, of
Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY AND COMMON ROAD CARRIAGES," a communication
from abroad by Claude Marie Bathias, of Paris, is the Empire of France, to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar mode of mounting railway and common
road carriages upon their running wheels, and consists in mounting such
vehicles upon wheels, rollers, or cylinders which rest at their peripheries upon
the ordinary axles of the vehicle. The axles of the upper and lower wheels
are by this system considerably reduced in diameter, and hence the friction is
reduced and a considerable saving of tractive power is obtained. The upper
wheels are mounted in forked guard irons, which take the entire weight of
the load, suitable springs being adapted thereto. The axles of the upper and
lower wheels may be allowed to work freely within slots or openings made in
the forked guard irons, and in some cases one or both the lower wheels may
be loose on their axle to facilitate turning or the passing over curves.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAPETY VALVES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Huston at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th June
1862.
I, SAMUEL HUSTON, of Deeping St. James, in the County of Lincoln, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAPETY
VALVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in safty valves.
For these
purposes in each case two valves are used on the same spindle or stem, one
being of larger diameter than the other, and the steam is caused to act in such
manner as to press one towards its seat and the other off its seat. The spindle
or stem of the two valves is hollow from the upper end thereof to nearly the
lower end thereof, in order that it may receive a short rod, which is pin-jointed
to the weighted lever, by which the valves are pressed into their respective
Below the seat of the lower valve is a pipe by which the steam which
escapes from under the lower valve is conducted away; and, if desired, the
steam passing the upper valve may also be conducted away by a pipe, or it
may be allowed to escape directly into the outer atmosphere.
arrangements the steam in a boiler is constantly tending to open the valve
having the larger area, whilst the steam is tending to close the valve having
the smaller area, and the weighted lever is constantly tending to press both the
valves to their seats.
By these
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING TROUSERS FROM MUD
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pollock at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th February
1862.
I, JOHN POLLOCK, of 27, Budge Row, in the City of London, Stationer, do
bereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING TROUSERS FROM MUD," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in attaching a shield to the hind portion of the heel
of a boot or shoe, whereby the mud which is raised in the act of walking is
caught by the under side of the shield, in place of being thrown on to the legs
of the trousers.
AN IMPROVED MEANS AND INSTRUMENT FOR OBTAINING DISTANCES AND HEIGHTS, AND DISTANCES BETWEEN DISTANT OBJECTS WITHOUT COMPUTATION
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James List at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th January 1862.
I, JAMES LIST, of Carisbrooke, Isle of Wight, County of Hampshire,
England, do hereby declàre the nature of the said Invention of "AN IMPROVED
MEANS AND INSTRUMENT FOR OBTAINING DISTANCES AND HEIGHTS, AND DISTANCES
BETWEEN DISTANT OBJECTS WITHOUT COMPUTATION," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of an instrument made of wood and brass, with
hinges to fold into a suitable size for carrying in the pocket; when in use it is
opened out in the form of a square. It is provided with two small fore sights
and a back sight, hinged to a movable slide; a stand with a socket connects
it to a rifle when piled,-or to a common tripod; for taking the quantity of an
angle, a line of tangent divisions are marked on the sliding part, and also
above it on the fixed part; on the other or lower part there are proportional
divisions, with numbers to indicate at sight the distance of an object; a table
of figures is also given to indicate the height or distance between two objects
at a distance according to the number of degrees and minutes subtended in
the observation; an extended scale is also provided to shew more accurately
the long distances. What I therefore claim as my Invention and desire to
secure-by Letters Patent is,-
1st, the structure of an instrument as above set forth, and which will be
more fully explained in my Complete Specification.
And, 2nd, the principle of calculating angles, as shewn, upon such instru-
ment, for the purpose of solving trigonometrical problems or angles taken by
other instruments.
SELF-CLOSING BUTTONS, FASTENING WITHOUT THREAD OR NEEDLES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marie Honoré Champion at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th August 1862.
I, MARIE HONORÉ CHAMPION, of No, 15, Passago des Petites Ecuries, in
the City of Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare, the nature of
tho said Invention for "SELF-CLOSING BUTTONS, FASTENING WITHOUT THREAD OR
NEEDLES," to be as follows:-
My improved buttons are composed of a shank or stem bent at right angles.
One end of this stem is pointed so as to penetrate through any sort of cloth or
stuff, and the other end is attached either to a small disc or to a button of any
shape or size. When the shank is soldered to the button itself I introduce
the shank up to the bend or elbow in the cloth, through which it penetrates,
its point entering a small spring apparatus on the other side of the material,
the spring of which presses the elbow of the shank and prevents its with-
drawal. When the stem or shank is not soldered to the button itself it carries
a small disc on the extremity which is not pointed, and in this case the point
is passed through from the reverse side of the cloth, and passes, not into a
spring apparatus, as before-mentioned, but into an opening in the button
itself. This opening is furnished with a spring, which prevents the exit of the
shank. The stem or shank must always be held fixed between two opposite
sides, and the object of the spring, no matter what its form, is always to
prevent the point of the stem leaving this hole or sheath.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING SUBMARINE OPERATIONS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th March
1862. A communication from abroad by Mr. Oliver Rivie, of 29;
Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Merchant.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING SUBMARINE OPERATIONS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the construction of a submarine boat applicable
as an engine of warfare or for submarine operations. This boat is formed of
two concentric cylinders, having a space between them in which to introduce
water to any desired amount for the purpose of increasing the weight of the
boat and so cause it to sink; this water chamber may be emptied by means
of reservoirs placed in the interior of the boat, the water being ejected behind
for the purpose of lightening the boat and causing it to rise to the surface.
The inner and outer cylinders are independent of each other, so that the
movements of the exterior cylinder shall not interfere with those of the inner
one, which should always retain its normal position. An ether or other engine
and boiler are placed in the boat for imparting motion to a screw propeller,
and also for emptying the water contained in the chamber between the two
cylinders. The boat is also furnished with instruments of destruction or working

page_text: tools, according to the purpose to which it is to be applied; its equipment also
includes electric apparatus, steering geer; with man-holes suitably arranged and
buoys. In this manner the boat may be guided and worked below the surface
in the same manner as if on the surface of the water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING PIES, AND FOR CUTTING MEAT FOR THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph John Thompson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
December 1862.
I, JOSEPH JOHN THOMPSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MAKING PIES, AND FOR CUTTING
MEAT FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
According to my Invention I employ moulds of the desired shape of the
pie, which moulds are placed in a press or similar apparatus. Into these
moulds the paste is placed and rams are then pressed into it to form the
hollow crust. The rams are then removed and the meat filled in, after which
the top crust of the pie is applied, and another mould descending effects the
required pressure to cause it to adhere and to impart any pattern required.
I propose making the moulds and also the rams in two or more pieces, so as
to part, and thus admit of shapes being produced which would not otherwise
leave them. The moulded pies are removed by the aforesaid parting of the
moulds, or are thrust upward or downward. In cutting meat for pies I employ
a series of revolving blades, the edges of which are situate within a grooved
spindle, or I employ two series of revolving blades the one extending within
the spaces of the other.
AN IMPROVED TOOL FOR CUTTING AND RASPING PEGS IN BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Andrews at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st October
1862.
I, ALFRED ANDREWS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED TOOL
FOR CUTTING AND RASPING PEGS IN BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as follows:-
This tool consists of a flat shank provided at both ends with appliances for
acting on the pegs which rise through the sole in boots and shoes. At one
end of the shank the 'appliance is in the form of a rasp at bottom, with a
cutting edge at top, so formed with ears or guards, that in using the tool no
cutting of the upper leather or lining can occur. At the opposite end the
appliance is in the form of a hollow figure with a cutting edge; this form of
cutter also prevents any cutting of the lining or uppers in the use of the tool.
Although I prefer the shank to carry appliances as above described, yet they
may be similar at both ends, or the shank may carry one of the before-named
appliances at one end only.
AN ARRANGEMENT OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR SHADING STREET LIGHTS, IN ORDER TO PROTECT OR SHADE THE EYES OF RIDERS AND FOOT PASSENGERS FROM THE DAZZLING EFFECT OF THE FLAMES OF SUCH LIGHTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Dutton Templer Sparrow
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th May 1862.
I, THOMAS DUTTON TEMPLER SPARROW, of Piccadilly, in the County of
Middlesex, Brush Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN ARRANGEMENT OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR SHADING STREET LIGHTS, IN ORDER
TO PROTECT OR SHADE THE EYES OF RIDERS AND FOOT PASSENGERS FROM THE
DAZZLING EFFECT OF THE FLAMES OF SUCH LIGHTS," to be as follows:-
To the street lights I attach metal or other shades, either whitewashed on
the side nearest the flame or fitted with reflecting surfaces, the shades and
reflecting surfaces being of such form and placed at such angle as to render
the flame invisible at the distance of one lamp-post from the next. And I
make such shades either circular (as for lamps or lights at corners or turnings)
or portions of square shades containing one, two, three, or four sides, according
to the effect desired at each particular spot.
A NEW APPLICATION OF MATERIAL FOR COVERING CRINOLINES,' AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAID MATERIAL
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Clarke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
September 1863.
I, RICHARD CLARKE, of Altringham, in the County of Chester, Skirt Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW
APPLICATION OF MATERIAL FOR COVERING CRINOLINES,' AND IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF THE SAID MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the covering of bands or hoops of "crinoline
steel, so as to form a skirt wherein the said hoops are imperceptible, such
being now well known. The improvement consists in the application and use
of a new fabric or material for the purpose of covering the said hoops, such
fabric being composed of cotton warp and "cotton waste" weft, and woven in
the ordinary calico loom, and known as "waste domestics," after which it is
to be submitted to the action of the "cards" to raise a "nap" or fibrous
surface thereupon, which produces a good appearance upon the inferior quality
of material, and effects an economical substitute for the more expensive fabric
now employed. This fabric may either be printed or woven in patterns, or
dyed previous to the process of "raising "the "nap" or "pile." The formation
of a pile on waste domestics, and the adaptation of the new material thereby
produced, to the covering of crinoline hoops, being the feature of the
Invention.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC BEDSTEADS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Charlton, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd October
1863.
I, ROBERT CHARLTON, of Keighley, in the County of York, Ironfounder, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
METALLIC BEDSTEADS," to be as follows:―
The Invention consists in the application and use of arched, semicircular, or
curved metallic framing at the foot and head of metallic bedsteads, instead of
the square framed ends, consisting of straight rods, hitherto used. By this
application of arches or curves greater firmness, strength, and rigidity is
obtained, together with improved appearance and economy in cost.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CHECKING CASH-TAKING AT INTERVALS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ford Hallet and Thomas
Loynes White at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 7th December 1863.
We, JOHN FORD HALLET, of Old Compton Street, Soho, Licensed Victualler,
and THOMAS LOYNES WHITE, of Litchfield Street, Soho, Carpenter, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
CHECKING CASH-TAKING AT INTERVALS," to be as follows:-
We make a box of any suitable material and of any suitable form or shape,
but that our Invention may be the better understood we will assume it to be,
say, about 12 inches long, 6 inches wide, and 5 inches deep. We divide the
interior thereof into, say, 8 divisions, the bottom of each division being a plane
inclining towards the front, which front is composed of a slide. The top o
the box has let into it a metal plate with 8 sunken divisions or troughs
corresponding with the divisions in the interior of the box, the bottom of each
trough having a slit or opening to let money pass to the interior. A sliding
plate of metal (or other material) is let into the top of the box and numbers
indicating the hours, say from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., are cut or engraved thereon,
each number being opposite one of the slits or openings aforesaid. Handles
are placed on the ends of the box, and at one end is inserted a lock, the
catch being in the front or slide before mentioned. A guide piece is used to
stop the slit or opening next the hour into whose division the cash is to be
poured. The operation is as follows:-At 9 a.m. the cash taken by the.
barman or shopman is removed from the till and poured into the slit opposite

page_text: the figure 9; at 10 o'clock the same operation is repeated, the cash being
passed through the slit opposite the figure 10, and so on, until 4 p.m., when
the box must be cleared. The master then unlocks the slide, pushes it to the
right as far as one division, the cash in which (from the incline of the bottom)
falls forward on to the table and is counted; he then pushes the slide and
discovers another division, from which the cash is removed and counted, and
so on, to the end, or 4 p.m. A fresh slide plate is then put on the box
bearing the numbers, say from 5 to 12, the front slide is then shut and locked,
and the apparatus receives the cash till 12 p.m. Of course the master can
empty the apparatus at any hour he may think proper, and thus (after having
averaged the hourly receipts) he will be enabled to judge approximatively
whether the hourly takings of the till are fairly transferred to the box.
Various modifications may be made on the above description, and various
woods, metals, and other materials be used in making the boxes, plates, and
guides.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-ACTING TIME REGISTER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Campion, George Wilson,
and Alfred Wilson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th November 1863.
We, WILLIAM CAMPION and GEORGE WILSON, both of the Town and County
of the Town of Nottingham, Machine Builders, and ALFRED WILSON, also of
the same Town, Hosiery Manufacturer, do. hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-ACTING TIME REGISTER," to be as
follows:-
A horizontal dished disc has its upper side divided into any required
number of divisions or compartments, and the distance each such division or
compartment occupies on the circumference is marked off or divided into any
required number of divisions, each such number passes consecutively across an
aperture in a case in which the disc is placed. The upper side of the disc is
numbered or lettered to correspond with the circumference. The disc is
supported upon an axis, which also carries beneath the disc a drum, on which
a cord or chain is wound which has at one end a weight and passes over a
pulley to clear itself from another disc on the aforesaid axis. This second
disc is toothed, and engages with a pinion, on the axis of which is a wheel in
gear with a pinion on the axis of an escapement wheel governed or regulated
by a pendulum. The apparatus is wound up by turning the first disc back-
ward. In the lid of the case is an aperture through which checks, tokens,
tickets, or other articles may be dropped into the divisions or compartments
as they pass successively underneath.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLI- CABLE TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jonas Rolph and Alfred Heald
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 18th June 1863.
We, JONAS ROLPH, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham,
Lace Merchant, and ALFRED HEALD, of the same Place, Designer and
Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLI-
CABLE TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application or employment of the pantograph
to or in a sewing machine, and in producing what I may call a moving table,
by means of two frames travelling in transverse directions on slides or wheels,
or equivalent contrivances, and propelled from the tracing point of the panto-
graph over any given design produced either by hand or machine; the
apparatus may be worked by manual, steam, or other power.
Our Invention is also applicable to engraving on metal, wood, papier maché,
or leather.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Edwards and James Livesey
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 17th September 1863.
We, JOHN EDWARDS, of 29, Basinghall Street, and JAMES LIVESEY, of
75, Cannon Street West, in the City of London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF
RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in putting suitable springs to carry the rails to break
the concussion, we form a suitable chair or sleeper the springs being made to
bear on the chair or sleeper supporting the rail; also in forming suitable
metal spring keys, or metal & wood combined, to key up the rails
instead of the ordinary wood key as now employed; a recess is made in
the metal key to prevent it shaking out; also a metal fastening piece is
employed in the combined metal, and wood keys; also in making a hollow
metal spike made from gas tubing, or other suitable material; this spike
can be made of unwelding tubing or split in the manufacture, the inside is
made slightly irregular with the bottom part turned in. When the spike
is driven home a solid pointed spike is driven into the hollow one forcing or
expanding the sides, & especially the bottom part, so as to secure it firmly
in the timber; also in forming a chair with a suitable metal filling piece,
between this metal filling piece & the chair a spring is driven in, which

page_text: tightens the rail, sometimes we insert between this metal filling piece, and the
chair a wood filling piece, & then drive in a metal plug to tighten the rail;
this wood filling piece we sometimes case with metal, in this chair, for joints,
we form two or more points or projections, which enter the holes in the ends
of the rails, & thus the rail is prevented from drawing out of the chair.
IMPROVED BRICK-MAKING MACHINERY
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Bannister Chatterton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th February 1863.
I, DAVID BANNISTER CHATTERTON, of Chester, in the County of Chester,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED BRICK-MAKING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
I have a shaft, so that upon power being applied thereto, motion may be
given to a pinion, to a bevil pinion which acts on a spur wheel, and to another
bevil wheel, thereby giving motion to another shaft with other bevil wheels, and
a screw placed in a hopper or feeding tube, by which the clay placed therein
will be forced into moulds arranged in a circular or approximately circular
frame. The spur wheel aforesaid will likewise give motion to a crank, an
eccentric (and by endless band or cord), a pulley working the delivery band or
apron, hereafter described. The crank acts on a lever, carrying at its end a
stamped mould.
The eccentric has a rod attached, terminating in a pall working on the
face of a pall wheel, which gives motion to the circular mould frame afore-
said. The hopper being filled with clay, and the machine being put in
motion, the screw is caused to force the clay into the moulds, the pall acting
on the pall wheel, moving the moulds partly round, and bringing a mould
under the press or stamp; the stamp being forced into this mould, and mould-
ing the brick, which, on its being withdrawn by the backward action of the
crank, the pall moves the mould frame another part of a circle, the clay in

page_text: the meanwhile having been forced into the next mould, the lever pressing
the brick as before. The circular frame being forced round brings the loose
bottom of the moulds to bear on the top of the eccentric keyed fast on the
fixed shaft, and forces the loose bottom a portion of the way out, and the
moulded brick with it, and so on until the brick falls on the endless band or
apron prepared for that purpose worked by the pulley which moves the brick,
until it is taken from the band. After the brick is forced out of the mould,
the eccentric acts on a roller, and forces the loose bottom back to its place, so
that the mould can again be filled at the feeding tube or hopper. Several
circular frames, moulds, and adjuncts may be combined and used together.
The motive power may be either horse, water, steam, or otherwise.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF CERTAIN OF THE WASTE PRODUCTS FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF ALKALI AND BLEACHING POWDER, AND ALSO FROM CERTAIN SMELTING OPERATIONS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Crockford (at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th July 1863.
I, CHARLES CROCKFORD, of Greenfield Spelter Works, Holywell, Flintshire,
Smelter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF CERTAIN OF THE WASTE PRODUCTS
FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF ALKALI AND BLEACHING POWDER, AND ALSO FROM
CERTAIN SMELTING OPERATIONS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is the conversion of certain waste products
resulting from chemical and metallurgical operations into pigments of com-
mercial value. In each case I employ milk of lime as a precipitant, and for
the purpose of throwing down or precipitating the matter or material held in
solution. The precipitate obtained in each case may be dried or otherwise
treated so as to enable the same to be prepared ready for the market. I treat
the solution of manganese obtained in the manufacture of bleaching powder
with milk of lime, and obtain a precipitate applicable as a pigment. I treat
the burnt sulphur stone which has been employed for acid making first with
muriatic acid, either with or without the aid of heat, and precipitate the iron
dissolved thereby by the aid or agency of milk of lime; the oxide thus produced
may be used as a pigment. When the burnt sulphur stone contains copper,
as it frequently does, I precipitate the copper from the solution before adding
the milk of lime, and the copper thus obtained being a secondary product

page_text: reduces to a merely nominal cost the expense of producing the oxide of iron.
I utilize the waste muriatic acid by dissolving therein waste materials from
smelting works, such as lead, zinc, and copper, and I precipitate the metallic
oxides from this solution by the aid or agency of milk of lime, and thereby
obtain pigments.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FRICTION OR GLAZING CALENDERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Mather at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th October
1863.
I, JAMES MATHER, of Crow Oaks, near Radcliffe, in the County of
3 Lancaster, Bleacher, Dyer, and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRICTION OR GLAZING CALENDERS," to be
as follows:-
Instead of making the cylinders of calenders used for glazing and finishing
woven fabrics of cast iron, as hitherto adopted, I make or manufacture them of
steel in any suitable manner.