Improvements in Adding Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application. 6th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 7th Mar., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adding Machines.
I, WILLIAM WILSON HORN, of the firm of Horn & Son, of 151, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, (a communication from The Felt & Tarrant Manufacturing Company, of
Chicago, in the County of Cook, State of Illinois, United States of America,
Manufacturers,) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to enable in this class of machines, a perfect
and accurate record of added numbers to be kept and have such record made
at the same time and by the act of adding the numbers.
The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts hereinafter
described and claimed.
In the annexed drawings illustrating the invention:-
Fig. 1, is a plan view of the machine.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an adding machine embodying our improvements,
& shows the outer casing in section with the hinged portion that contains the
paper holding drum turned down and closing the rear upper part of the case.
Fig. 2, is a central longitudinal section of the machine.
Figure 3, is a rear elevation of the rear end of the machine, with the case
shown in broken lines.
Figure 4, is a detailed view of lever and its connections for actuating the
paper feeding mechanism; also for raising the hammers after they have been
released to print the record and for raising the carrying mechanism after a
carrying of the tens of one column to the units of the next higher has been
effected.
Figure 5, is a cross section of the feed roller and the pressure rollers geared
therewith.
Figure 6, is a front view of the hammers and their setting mechanism and shows
also a front view of a paper holding and guiding frame.
Figure 7, is a perspective view of the paper holding and guiding frame with
attached buffer.
Figure 8, is a view of one of the hammers.
Figure 9, is a view of one of the hammer-catches.
Figure 10, is a view of one of the ink-ribbon guides.
Figure 11, represents a transverse section of the expansible paper holding drum
with the roll of paper thereon and shows also the brake devices for controlling
the delivery of the paper strip at a uniform tension as the diameter of the paper
roll decreases.
Figure 12, shows a longitudinal section of the same.
Figure 13, is a detail view being a section at line 10, 10, of Figure 14, showing
also the arm and lever used for reversing the movement of the ribbon wheels.
Figure 14, is a cross section showing the ribbon-moving devices.
Figure 15, is a detail view being a section at line 20 of Figure 1, looking to the
right, showing in elevation the devices for actuating and controlling the numeral
wheels, the parts being in their normal position.
Figure 16, is a perspective view of the carrying devices.
Figure 17, is a perspective view of type-heads.
Figure 18, is a perspective view of a numeral wheel.
Figure 19, is a face view of the type heads, and
Figure 20, is a detail view of the catches and their pins 144.
The drawings illustrate a calculating machine of that class in which, on a suitable

page_text: shaft A, are mounted a series of numeral wheels A2, each of which stands for an
order of numbers, or for fractions, see Figure 16.
The letter B, designates the operating keys, of which there are several series,
one series being provided for each order of numbers. Each of these keys is
distinguished from others of the same series by one or more numerals marked on its
face. The keys B are provided with stems that are adapted to engage and depress
a lever C one of which is provided for each series of keys. These levers Care
pivotally supported at their rear ends in a frame D, and to the forward end of
each lever is attached a segment E that meshes with one of a series of pinions F
on the shaft A, that supports the numeral wheels A².
G are disks, one for each pinion, F, each disk being made integral with or
secured to its pinion. Each disk carries a spring-pawl arranged to engage with a
ratchet-wheel, a, (see Figure 15) one of which ratchet-wheels is secured to each of
the numeral wheels.
bare detents, one for each numeral-wheel, A2, to prevent its backward rotation.
Each numeral-wheel is provided with a series of pins d to be engaged by b.
e is a lever, one for cach numeral-wheel, pivoted at its lower end to the shaft f,
and the vibration of its upper end to which is pivoted pawl causes the next
numeral wheel A2 with which the pawl connects to be advanced one tooth or
figure, thus effecting the carrying of the 10 from the next lower order of numbers.
The pawly engages with the pins d.
h are spring-actuated detents on the shaft, f, which prevent over rotation of the
numeral wheels by the impulse of the carrying mechanism. There is a slot in each
detent to receive a long pin p² which extends out from the adjoining carrying
lever e.
On the upper end of this detent there is a pin which rides on the
periphery of the disk, G, which acts as a cam to disengage the locking detent, hi,
from the numeral wheel of the order in which a key is struck.
i are bell-crank levers pivoted to the detents h, each of which levers has a catch
to engage with a cross-bar h². The lever and said cross-bar detain the stop-
detent,, to permit the carrying lever to move the numeral wheel; the catch being
released at the proper time by the pin p², in the slot in the detent h.
j is a flat bar, the ends of which are pivoted in the frame; with which bar the
projections on the lower ends of the detents engage. By rotating this bar, j, a
little, the detents can be disengaged from the disks and ratchet-wheels and the
parts be brought into such position that the numeral wheels can be rotated by
means of the key on the outside of the frame for the purpose of setting the machine
before commencing an operation.
I is a spring which holds the bar, j, in its normal position.
m are vibrating stops one for each numeral wheel.
Rare levers pivoted at their rear ends to the frame, the forward ends of which
have a limited vertical movement.
R2 are rods, one connecting each stop, m, with its lever R.
43 are springs to return the several levers, R, after they have been depressed.
Each rod, R2, which forms a part of cach key, passes through the proper lever, C,
and, is provided with a shoulder to engage therewith, and their lower ends are
arranged to engage with the proper levers R.
145 is a rod or bar pivoted in the frame of machine and having a side projecting
web 146. (See Figure 16.) 151 is an arm fastened to the rod 145, outside of the
frame of machine, and serves to rock the parts 145 and 146 when the lever S is by
means of the connecting rod 150.
It will be seen that when the lever S is depressed the outer edge of 146 will
swing downward. 147 is a connecting rod which is hooked at one end to 146, the
other end of 147 being hooked to the pin p² on the carrying lever e, when lever S is
depressed the rod 145 will be rocked, and thus cause 146 to pull on 147, when the
upper or free end of the carrying lever e will be pulled backward against the
spring, and as the lever e carries a projection or lug, 149 (see Figure 16) which
engages with a hook 153 on a lever 148 it will be held in its backward position

page_text: until such time as the rotation of the numeral wheel a' causes its pin 152 to come
in contact with end 154 of lever 148, thereby pushing back the lever 148, thus
releasing the latch 149 from the hook 153, and allowing the lever e to move
forward under the impulse of the spring e and by means of the pawl g engaging
with one of the pins d, effects the carrying operation. Over rotation of the
numeral wheel is prevented by the hook on upper end of detent h, engaging with
one of the pins d, being drawn back out of engagement with the pin d by the
pin p2 when the lever C is drawn by 147. It will be seen that, when the carrying
operation has been effected by the forward movement of the lever e, it cannot
operate to effect another carrying until the spacing lever, S, has been depressed, so
as to draw the carrying lever e back against the spring and thus store the
necessary power and also bring the end of the small pawl in engagement with one
pin d further back; but in this machine, which is for recording and adding only, it
never occurs that more than one key in any column is depressed after the lever S
has been depressed before it (the lever S) is depressed again. The carrying parts
of each or any column are always in a backward position (that is, held back against
the spring by the hook 153 on lever 148) when a key is struck in that column,
and thereby causes the carrying to take place at the proper time.
y
The recording or printing mechanism, comprises a series of oscillatory type-
heads H, having numerals arranged thereon to correspond with those on the
numeral wheels and on the operating keys. These type-heads H are pivoted on a
shaft supported in a frame K, and are connected with the levers C by means of
arms 2 and vertical rods 3, the latter being adjustably connected at their upper
ends with said arms and having their lower ends pivoted to the levers C, whereby
the downward movement of said levers when pressed on by one of the operating
keys B, will move the connected numeral wheel and type-head in a corresponding
degree; the distance that each type-head is moved being controlled by the distance
the struck key moves the lever C, so that the descent of each key will move a type-
head sufficiently to bring the numeral on said type-head, corresponding to that on
the struck key in position to print or record said numeral as hereinafter explained.
When the lever C is thus depressed the segment E will turn the numeral wheel A
a corresponding distance to indicate the number struck, while the lever R through
the rod R2 will depress the stop m, to absolutely stop the rotation of the wheel A².
The stop levers m are to be lifted by suitable springs m', when the key is
released.
The numerals on the wheels A2, the teeth on their ratchets F and their equi-
spaced pins d are of the number to correspond to table of notation of English
currency as there are four farthings in one penny, we use four pins d and four
teeth in the ratchet F and the numerals or figures 0, 1, 2, and 3 equi-spaced on the
periphery of the first numeral wheel from the right of the machine; and on the
key-lever D pertaining to that numeral wheel we would locate three keys B, which
On the
would stand for 1, 2, and 3 farthings, as shown in the plan view, Figure 1.
type-heads H, we put the 0 and numerals 1, 2, and 3.
The second numeral wheel, being the pence wheel has 12 numerals running
from 0 to 11 inclusive, with the ratchet and equi-space pins to correspond. The
third numeral wheel being the units of shillings has the ordinary ten numerals,
from 0 to 9 inclusive, and the fourth, being the tens of the shillings, has two
numerals on its periphery, 5 of each, making 10 in all, they being 1 and 0
alternately, as shown in Figure 18.
As there are 20 shillings in one pound, to divide the ratchet of the mumeral wheel
into 20 teeth and have 20 pins d in it with 20 numerals on its periphery would be
impractical, owing to the fine adjustment of the parts necessary to make it work
correctly. We therefore substitute in place of such numeral wheel two numerals
wheels for the shillings, one wheel for the units of the shillings and one for the
tens of shillings. The first has the usual ten teeth in its ratchet, the usual ten
numerals n its periphery, 9 keys, etc. The numeral wheel of the tens of shillings

page_text: has the usual number (10) of teeth in its ratchet, and the usual number of ten
equi-spaced teeth or pins d; but there is only one key in the column pertaining to
it, and this key only rotates the numeral wheel one-tenth of one rotation for each
time it is depressed. The numerals on the periphery of this wheel being 1 and 0,
as before stated. This numeral wheel carries 5 pins 152, consequently it will carry
one to the next higher order (that is, the units column of £) for every time it is
rotated two-tenths of one complete rotation, or in other words five times for every
time it is rotated one entire rotation. The other four numeral wheels of the £
series, their actuating and controlling mechanism, together with their keys, type-
heads, etc., are the same as previously described.
In opecrating suppose we had to add the following sums: far., 3 far, 1 far.,
and 2 far. The numeral wheels normally stand at 0. First strike the 2 key when
the wheel will turn one-half of one rotation and the 2 on its periphery will appear
at the opening in the register and be printed by the recording mechanism of the
ribbon of paper, as hereinafter shown, after which strike the spacer lever S; then
strike the 3 key, when the wheel will turn three-fourths of one complete revolution
and the pin 152, passing the end 154 of piece 148 will cause one to be carried to
the next higher numeral wheel, and the figure 1 on the periphery of the farthings
numeral wheel to appear in that place on the register, and as carrying one to the
next higher numeral wheel (the pence numeral wheel) 1 would be indicated in that
place on the register, and both places together would read 1 pence and 1 farthing.
After striking the spacer S, strike the 1 key in farthing column and the numeral
wheel in farthings' place will turn one-quarter of one complete revolution, and 2
will appear in the farthings place. Thus the register will read 1d. and 2 far. and
striking the 2 key will turn one-half of one complete rotation and carrying 1 to the
pence numeral wheel, 0 would be indicated in the farthings' place and 4 in the
pence place; thus the answer would be 4d. and 0 far. There being 12d. in a
shilling, the ratchet of the numeral wheel has 12 teeth and there are 12 of the
equi-spaced pins d', 12 numerals on its periphery running from 0 to 11 inclusive.
It carries to the next higher numeral wheel (the units of the shillings' column)
1 for every complete rotation of the pence numeral wheel. There are 11 keys running
from 1 to 11 inclusive, and each is properly graduated to turn the numeral wheel as
many twelfths of a complete rotation as the figure on its top indicates, thus: if the
7 key be struck it will rotate the numeral wheel of one rotation and add 7 pence
to whatever stands on the register of the machine, at the same time printing 7 pence
on the ribbon of paper, hereinafter explained.
The paper strip 4, on which the record is to be printed is wound on an expansible
drum L, Fig. 1, 11, and 12, mounted in a hinged section M, of the upper rear
portion of the machine casing. The free end of the paper strip 4 is passed down in
front of a guide roller 5, as shown in Fig. 2, and made to pass behind the upper
horizontal bar 6 and in front of the lower horizontal bar 7 of a rectangular paper
holding and guiding frame N, Fig. 7, that is pivotally supported in a transverse
position in the rear part of the machine. After passing down through the frame N
the paper strip 4 is carried around a feed roller 8, between said feed roller and a
pair of pressure rollers 9, Figs. 2, 3, and 5, and its free end is thence returned
upward through the frame N in front of the descending portion of said strip as
shown in Fig. 2. The lower horizontal bar 7, of the frame N is provided with a
clamp 10, and a similar clamp 11 is attached to a stationary transverse shaft 12
supported in a fixed hanger or bracket 13 as shown in Figs. 3, 6, and 7. By means
of these clamps 10 and 11 a strip or sheet of rubber 14, or other elastic material is
supported at the rear of that portion of the paper strip 4 which is contained in the
frame N, as shown in Fig. 2. In order to properly place the paper strip 4 in the
frame N and around the feed roller 8 the upper end of said frame is tilted forward
and its lower end thereby carried backward, by drawing forward a lever 15,
Fig. 1, attached to a rock shaft 16, Fig. 3, having an arm 17 that connects by
means of a link 18, with an arm 19 on a shaft 20 attached to one end of said frame Ń

page_text: which is pivotally supported by means of said shaft 20 at one end, and an adjustable
pivot-screw 21 at the other end. While the frame N is tilted forward, by means of
the lever 15 and intermediate connections, the paper strip 4 can be readily adjusted
in said frame and around the feed roller 8, and when the lever 15 is released a
spring 22, Figs. 3, 6, and 7, will return said frame to its normal position as shown
in Fig. 2. A series of depending forwardly curved fingers 23 may be attached to.
the upper horizontal bar 6 of the frame N to prevent the front portion of the paper
strip 4, from passing forward beneath the bar as said front portion of the strip.
ascends; and we prefer to provide the rear of said bar 6 with a knife-edge 24
against which the upper portion of the paper strip with the record printed thereon
can be torn off at intervals after each complete operation.
The pressure rollers 9, that co-act with the feed roller 8, are mounted in pivoted
arms 25, connected by springs 26 whereby said pressure rollers are held in yielding
contact with the feed roller. The shafts of the rollers 8 and 9 are connected by
gears 27 Figs. 3 and 5, for transmitting a positive movement to the pressure rollers.
from the feed roller to which the necessary power for feeding the paper strip is
applied at suitable intervals as hereinafter explained.
Beneath and in front of the feed roller 8 and pressure rollers 9 is a series of yoke
shaped guards 28 to guide the paper strip around the feed roller 8 when said strip.
first inserted, and to prevent the ascending portion of said strip from passing
forward when it leaves the feed roller and to this guide it upward at the rear of
the type-heads H and through the frame N in which said strip is adjusted. These
guards or guides 28 are supported on transverse rods 29 and 30, of which the rear
rod 30 also serves as a point of attachment for the springs 31 by which the levers C,
are returned to normal position after having been depressed by the operating
keys.
The impression of the required type-head numerals, or other characters, in their
proper position on the paper strip 4, is effected by means of a series of hammers 1',
Figs. and 8, one of which is provided for each order of numbers to be recorded..
These hammers P are loosely mounted near their upper ends ou a rock shaft 32
having a depending transverse hammer-setting arm 33 by which the hammers are
returned to their normal position after pressing the paper strip against the type-
head.
On the rear of each hammer P is a shoulder 34 for engaging the upper end of
one of a series of hammer catches Q fulcrumed on a transverse shaft 35 that is
supported in plates or hangers 36 depending from a frame 37 inclosed in the
machine casing. These hammer-catches Q are held in engagement with the
retracted hammers P by means of springs 38 until one of the operating keys B, is
depressed. As the key B, descends and actuates one of the levers C and the
connected numeral wheel A2 and type-head, the lower end of the key stem comes
in contact with and depresses one of a series of vibrating levers R, the rear ends of
which are pivotally supported in the frame D, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Each
of these vibrating levers R carries at its rear end a vertically and inwardly inclined
arm 39 provided at its upper end with a horizontal adjustable screw-stud 40 that is
arranged to bear against a shoulder or flange 41 on the lower part of the hammer-
catch Q, and thereby trip said catch and release the engaged hammer P, at the
At the rear
moment that the operating key B, completes its downward movement.
of the series of hammer-catches Q is a toothed guide-bar 42, Figs. 2 and 3, that
holds the said catches a proper distance apart on the shaft 35 and prevents them
from being thrown too far backward when they are tripped. To each of the.
vibrating levers R, is attached a spring 43 by which said levers are raised after
tripping the hammer-catches.
When the hammer P is released from its engagement with the catch Q as above
described the lower end of said hammer is thrown forward by the tension of a
spring 44 connected with a lug 45 on the upper end of the hammer. As the
hammer P, is released and thrown forward its lower end comes in contact with the

page_text: flexible or elastic buffer strip or sheet 14 and thereby forces the paper strip 4
against the type-head and inked ribbon to receive the required impression of the
numeral that is opposite the lower or striking end of said hammer. In this
operation the elastic buffer 14 preserves the paper strip 4 from injury by the
hammer and assists in producing a clear and uniformly legible impression of the
type-head numerals. Each spring 44 is connected with its appropriate hammer by
a piece of straight wire 46 that is passed between the depending teeth of a toothed
guide-bar 47, and in each straight piece of wire is provided a knot 48, or other
suitable stop, to engage the toothed guide-bar 47 and relieve the hammer from the
tension of the spring 44 just before the hammer reaches the end of its stroke, thereby
allowing the hammer to yield slightly after delivering its blow and thus prevent it
from obstructing the subsequent movements of the type-head and ribbon.
After each line of the record is completed the paper strip 4 can be advanced and
the hammers P set for further operation by pressing down a lever S which is
fulcrumed at 49 in a bracket 50, Fig. 1, at one side of the machine.
Figure 19 shows that there is a cipher on each type-head just above the number 1.
When the type-heads are at rest, or in the normal position, this 0 stands in line
with the point at which the hammer strikes. From this it will be seen that O's are
always printed when a hammer is released without any key having been depressed
in the column or order of numbers to which the hammer belongs.
In order to make what is termed an 0 printing machine pins 144, are placed on
the catches Q, so that the pin of one catch will engage the next catch to the right
and so on through the series. Now if any one of the triggers Q is operated by
striking a key in any column, the result is that all the triggers standing to the
right of that one will be touched off, and thus release the hammers, whereby
a row of O's will be printed in all the orders or columns to the right of the key
struck providing, however, that none of the keys in the orders lower than the
one in which the key was struck, had previously been pressed since the hammers
were last raised by the depression of the lever S, in which case 0's would not be
printed in the columns in which keys had been struck. In an 0 printing machine
it is necessary to strike the figures in any number from right to left, thus in striking
368,004, we would strike the 4 first in the units column, skipping the next two
columns, we would strike the 8 in the fourth column when the two 0's in the third
and second columns would be automatically printed simultaneously with the adding
and printing of the 8 in the fourth columu, by means of pins 144. Then we would
strike the 6 in the fifth column and the 3 in the sixth column, when we would have
added on the register and printed on paper the amount 368,004. In the operation
of this machine, successive numbers are struck on the key-board, the machine
simultaneously adding and recording the same. Where it is desired to print the
answer which is indicated on the register beneath the recorded list of numbers
added, it is done by striking that number on the keys. When the pins 144 are not
used, the machine does not print O's.
The lever S connects by means of a link 51, Figs. 1 and 4, with an arm 52
adjustably secured to one end of the rock-shaft 32 that carries the arm 33 for
setting back the hammers. When the lever S, is depressed, the arm 33 lifts those
hammers that have been released in the previous operation of the machine and
causes them to engage their respective hammer-catches, thus restoring the power
of the springs 44 by which the hammers are to be subsequently actuated when
their catches are again tripped.
On the shaft 53 of the feed roller 8 is secured ratchet wheel 54 Figs. 3 and 4,
through which said feed roller and connected pressure rollers 9 are actuated by
means of a spring pawl 55 carried by a disk 56 loosely mounted on the shaft 53 and
driven by a link 57 connected with an arm 58 on the fulcrum 49 of the lever S, as
shown in Fig. 4. In order to check the rotation of the feed roller 8 and prevent
the paper strip 4 from being advanced too far a spring brake 59 Fig. 4, is provided.
It is obvious that by imparting a succession of downward strokes to the lever S the

page_text: paper strip 4 can be advanced as far as may be required, either in the act of
adjusting it in the frame N or in the subsequent operation of the machine. After
each downward stroke of the lever S it is returned by a spring 60, Fig. 1, and in
its upward movement it actuates the mechanism that applies ink to the type-
heads.
The inking mechanism, comprises an inked ribbon 61 mounted on spools 62
and 63, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 14, and 15. Each spool is provided with a shaft 64 to which
is secured a beveled gear 65 meshing with a pinion on a shaft 66 provided with a
pawl and ratchet mechanism that is connected by a link 67 with an arm 68 secured
to the fulcrum or shaft 49 of the lever S, so as to be actuated therefrom on the
upward stroke of said lever as before mentioned. The inked ribbon 61 is provided
with guides 69, Figs. 2, 6, and 10 and the ribbon spools 62 and 63 are provided with
friction devices or brakes 70, Figs. 1 and 3.
The rotary expansible drum L, Figs. 1, 11, and 12, that holds the paper roll 4,
is of such construction as to be capable of delivering the paper strip at a uniform
tension whether the diameter of the roll is large or small.
This drum L comprises a central shaft 71 that is supported at one end in a fixed
bearing 72 and at its other end in a movable or yielding bearing consisting of a
nurled sleeve or coupling 73 keyed to the end of a fixed stud 74 on which is a
coiled spring 75 that forces said coupling into engagement with the drum shaft.
On one end of the drum shaft 71, adjacent to the fixed bearing 72, is a cone 76,
integral with said shaft. A longitudinally movable sleeve 77, having a cone 78 at
each end, is mounted on the drum shaft near its other end. These cones 76 and 78
support a longitudinally split tube 79 which is provided with a central internal
shoulder 80 to contact with the cone on the inner end of the movable sleeve 77 as
shown in Fig. 12. A portion of the shaft 71 is screw threaded for engagement
with a nut 81 by which the sleeve 77 can be forced inward along the shaft 71 and
within the split tube 79 so as to expand said tube within the roll of paper 4
and thereby hold said roll firmly. When the sleeve 77 is forced inward the cone
at its inner end comes in contact with the shoulder 80 and not only expands the
tube 79 at that point but forces it along and on to the cone 76 so that by thus applying
the power at both ends and at the centre of the tube it will be expanded uniformly
throughout its length.
A friction disk 82 is secured to the drum shaft 71 adjacent to the large outer end
of the cone 76 and has both sides in frictional contact with the brake or retarding
device consisting of two depending arms 83 riveted together and pivotally supported
at their upper ends. These depending or swinging brake arms 83 are slightly bent
in opposite directions so that one will hang on each side of the friction disk 82 as
shown in Fig. 12, and on the lower end of each arm is a button or projection 84
that is in direct frictional contact with either side of the disk. The inner one of
these arms 83 is provided with a laterally projecting brake-bar or shoe 85 that is
always in direct contact with the outer periphery of the paper roll 4, the arms 83
being actuated by the rotation of the disk 82 in such a manner that as the diameter
of the paper roll gradually diminishes the roll will be followed immediately by the
brake bar or shoe 85 as the arms 83 tend to swing toward the axis of the drum L
under the frictional action of the rotating disk. This action of the disk 82 and
brake arms 83 in maintaining the brake bar or shoe 85 in constant contact with
the periphery of the paper roll and causing the paper strip to be delivered at a
uniform tension notwithstanding the gradual decrease in its diameter, results from
the manner of pivoting the arms 83, at a suitable distance above and in vertical
line with the drum shaft or axis while the lower ends of said arms are arranged to
be in frictional contact with the disk 82 at a point above the horizontal plane of
the drum shaft but always in such position that they cannot be moved above and
beyond the roll of paper by the forward rotation of the disk. It will thus be seen
that by this construction and arrangement of brake mechanism a uniform leverage
is maintained so that the paper strip will always be delivered freely and at the

page_text: same tension. It will be seen that by swinging the pivoted brake-arms 83 upward
and pressing back the nurled sleeve 73 against the tension of its spring 75 the
expansible drum L and roll of paper thereon can be readily removed and replaced
as required.
By referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the keys B of every alternate row
are formed with irregularly concaved faces 86 that enable them to be readily dis-
tinguished from the ordinary plane faced keys of adjacent rows by the sense of
touch and thus warn the operator in the event of his striking a key in the wrong
transverse row. The odd number keys are preferably provided with irregular
faces and the even number keys with plane faces. This arrangement of keys
facilitates rapid operation of the machine and greatly reduces any liability of error
in manipulating the keys.
A register plate T is provided with a series of openings 87 corresponding with
the numeral wheels G, and a series of pointers or index fingers 88 are pivoted
above said openings for indicating the total amount added. A spring 89 is provided
for actuating the pointers or index fingers.
If desired, a stationary transverse shaft 90, Figure 2 may be arranged beneath
the paper holding and guiding frame N between the feed roll 8 and the front portions
of the guides 28, to prevent any tendency to a backward sucking of the front
portion of the paper strip 4 during its upward advance.
In the description of how the following example is added, and a detailed
description of the movements and positions during the various processes of the
operation, it is understood that the recording device records each item as it is
struck on the keys.
Strike the 1 key in the units column of the pounds, the 9 key in the units column
of the shillings, the 7 key in the pence column and the 3 key in the farthings
column. When this amount will appear on the register and be printed on the
ribbon of paper by the recording device. After striking the spacer S, strike 12
in the units and tens column of the pounds, when 13 £ will be indicated in
those columns on the register. Then striking the key (1) in the tens column
of the shillings it will turn that wheel one-tenth of one complete rotation, and
the first on that numeral wheel will appear at the opening of the register.
At this point in the operation, £13 9s. 7d. 3f. are indicated on the register, and
by striking the 7 key in the units column of the shillings 6 will appear in that
place on the register and 1 will be carried from that column to the tens column
of the shillings, thus causing the second 0 on that numeral wheel to appear at
the opening in the register (tens column of the shillings) and causing the
numeral wheel in this column to carry one to the units column of the pounds,
by reason of one of the 5 pins 152 raising the part 154-148-153, thus releasing
the carrying part e to move forward under the impulse of the spring e². Proceed
to finish, striking the keys for this item by striking the 8 key in pence column,
when that numeral wheel being rotated ths of one rotation, 3 will appear
in that place on the register, and 1 be carried to the units column of the
shillings, no key being struck in the farthings' column, as 0 stands in that
place, the amount now indicated on the register is £15 7s. 3d. 3f. Strike the
spacer S and proceed to strike the next item on the keys in like manner when
the total footing of this sum (£17 4s. 3d. 1f.) will be indicated on the register,
the list of the items added having been automatically printed on the ribbon of
paper, by the recording device. We can print the answer beneath it by striking
on the keys the answer which is shown on the register of the machine; thus
causing it to be printed on the ribbon of paper just below the sum.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination with a series of oscillatory recording type-heads H, keys B,
and levers C, of a series of vibratory levers R having arms 39 adapted to trip said
hammer catches and release the hammers, substantially as described.
2. The combination of the pivoted hammers P, hammer catches Q, springs 38
and 44, and the vibratory levers R, having arms 39, substantially as described.
3. The combination of the hammers P, having shoulders 34 and lugs 45, the
hammer catches Q having flanges or shoulders 41, the springs 38 and 44 and the
levers R having arms 39 provided with studs 40, substantially as described.
4. The combination with the hammers P, and the springs 44, having straight
wires 45 provided with stops 48, of the toothed guide-bar 47, substantially as
described.
5. The combination with the hammers P and hammer catches Q, having springs 38,
of the toothed guide-bar 42, substantially as described.
6. The combination with the spring actuated hammers P and hammer catches Q,
of the vibratory levers R having arms adapted to trip said hammer catches and
release the hammers, substantially as described.
7. The combination with a series of type-heads H, and a series of hammers P,
of a paper holding and guiding frame N and the rubber sheet 14 attached to said
frame, substantially as described.
8. The combination of the tilting frame N, having horizontal bars 6 and 7, the
stationary shaft 12, the rubber sheet or buffer 14 and the clamps 10 and 11 for
attaching said sheet to the bar 7 and shaft 12, substantially as described.
9. The combination with the feed roller 8, of the tilting paper holding and
guiding frame N, having horizontal bars 6 and 7, and shaft 20, the arm 19 on said
shaft, the link 18 and the rock shaft 16 having arm 17 and lever 15, substantially
as described.
10. The combination with the tilting paper holding and guiding frame N, having
shaft 20 of the rock-shaft 16 having arm 17, the lever 15 the link 18 and the arm 19
and the spring 22, substantially as described.
11. The combination with the tilting frame N, having a cross bar 6 provided
with a depending finger 23 and knife edge 24, of a lever and connections for tilting
said frame, substantially as described.
12. The combination with the feed roller 8, and pressure rollers 9, of the tilting
frame N, substantially as described.
13. The combination of the frame N, the feed roller 8, the pressure rollers 9, and
the guides or guards 28, located beneath 9 in front of said roller and extended
upward in front of said frame, substantially as described.
14. The combination with the hammers P and the rock-shaft 32 having a hammer
setting, arm 33, of the arm 52, the link 51 and the lever S, substantially as
described.
15. The combination with the feed roller 8 and pressure rollers 9 geared
together, and the shaft 32 having a hammer-setting arm 33, of the lever S
connected with said feed roller and hammer-setting devices, substantially as
described.
16. The combination with the type-heads, the inking mechanism, the paper feed
roll 8, and the hammer-setting devices, of the lever S, connected with the inking
mechanism, feed-roll and hammer-setting devices and provided with a spring 66,
substantially as described.
17. The combination with a paper delivering drum having a friction disk 82, of
a brake-arm 83 pivotally supported above and in a vertical line with the axis of the
drum, and provided at its lower end with a button or projection 84, in frictional
contact with said disk above the horizontal plane of the drum shaft or axis, sub-
stantially as described.

page_text: 18. The combination with a paper delivering drum having a friction disk 82, of
a pivoted brake arm 83, having a horizontal shoe or brake-bar 85, and provided
with a projection 84.in frictional contact with the disk above the horizontal plane
of the drum shaft, substantially as described.
19. The combination with the paper delivering drum having a friction disk 82,
of the brake-arm 83 pivotally supported above the drum and provided with pro-
jections 84 in frictional contact with opposite sides of said disk above the horizontal
plane of the drum shaft or axis, substantially as described.
20. The combination of the numeral wheels A', carrying levers e and intermediate
connections between A² and e, with the rock shaft 145, having side projection 146,
rod 147, arm 151 connected to rod 145, lever S, and rod 150, connecting lever S
with arm 151, substantially as described.
21. The combination of a numeral wheel having a pin as 152, a lever 148, having
a hook 153, levere having lug 149, rod 145, having projection 146, connecting
rod 147, and lever S connected to projection 146, substantially as described.
22. The combination of the hammers P, hammer catches Q, and pins 144 on the
catches Q, to one pin engaging the next catch, to cause two or more catches to
move automatically, substantially as described.
23. The combination with a series of oscillating recording type-heads H, a series
of levers C and the several series of keys B.
24. The combination of the series of oscillating recording type-heads H, a series
of rods 3, a series of levers C, a series of pinions F and a series of pawl actuating
disks G, with the ratchet d, numeral wheel A2, stops m, rods R2, and levers R
substantially as described.
Dated this 6th day of December 1890.
HORN & DUN,
Applicant's Agents.