Bopara from Water or other Liquid.
Year: 1885

page_text: Bopara
from Water or other Liquid.
I ANDREW HOWATSON of 7 Lavender Hill in the County of Surrey Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SOLID IMPURITIES FROM WATER OR OTHER LIQUID
to be as follows:-
"
My Invention has for its object to provide a cheap simple and efficient apparatus
for separating solid impurities from water or other liquids. According to my
Invention I arrange preferably vertically inside a vessel a number of corrugated
fluted or zig-zag plates in such a manner as to form between them a series of
corresponding passages all tending upwards but deviating alternately from side to
side The said passages are open top and bottom they communicating at bottom
with the inlet for liquid and at the top with the outlet-At the lower part of the
vessel is arranged a receptacle for receiving the solid matter which deposits upon
and slides down from the said plates.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent for the said Andrew Howatson.

page_text: from Water or other Liquid.
I ANDREW HOWATSON of 7 Lavender Hill in the county of Surrey, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object to provide a cheap, ample and efficient apparatus
for separating solid impurities from water or other liquids containing them.
According to my invention I arrange (preferably) vertically inside a vessel a
number of corrugated, fluted or zig-zag plates in such a manner as to form between
them a series of passages all tending upwards but deviating alternately from side to
side. The said passages are open top and bottom they communicate at the bottom
with the inlet for liquid and at the top with the outlet. At the lower part of
the vessel is arranged a receptacle for receiving the solid matter which deposits
upon and slides down from the said plates.
Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings show the apparatus which can be made
of any shape but I prefer the square or rectangular form. The inside is fitted with
a series of angled or corrugated plates such corrugations may be circular or have
rounded angles if desired, and are placed at distances from each other to suit the
circumstances or the quality of the liquid to be purified.
The apparatus for the purposes of softening and purifying water is constructed
as follows:
A is the outside casing, which with the corrugated plates B, B, can be made
of any suitable metal. C, C, are the spaces between the plates B, B for the
passage of the liquid. D is the mixing chamber, E the lime, soda or other chemical
mixing tanks, F the chemical regulating tank, G the water or other liquid
regulating tank.
When the chemical purifying agents such as are ordinarily used for purifying
water have been prepared in the tank E or in the manner and by the apparatus
described in the specification of a previous Letters Patent granted to me and dated
19th December 1884 N° 16705 the liquid is allowed to flow into the regulating
tank F by means of the flexible pipe H which is fitted with a float I so as to run off
the surface or clear liquid. To the bottom of the tank E is fitted a ball valve J so
that a constant level is always maintained in the regulating tank F. The tank G
is also fitted with a ball valve K so that both tanks F containing the chemicals
and G containing water or other liquid to be purified have always a constant level.
When the quantity of liquid to be purified is ascertained and the quantity of
chemical purifying agent required has been prepared the water to be purified and
the purifying liquid are allowed to flow down through the nozzles a and b which
are fitted on to the cocks d, d, a stated quantity being in each case allowed to pass
in such manner that the level in the two tanks G, F, always remains constant.
handle c is fitted so as to work the two cocks d, d, so that on turning the handle c
the nozzle a runs the quantity of liquid to be purified and b runs the quantity of
A

page_text: chemical liquid for the purification, the simultaneous opening of the two cocks
allowing the proper proportions of each liquid to flow into the mixing chamber D.
This chamber D is made large enough to allow the completion of the chemical
action before the liquid enters the subsidence apparatus A, the liquid passes by the
pipe M into the bottom of the subsidence apparatus A and then finds its way up
between the corrugated partitions, leaving in its course the solid impurities on the
upper inclined surfaces of the plates and finally issues at the top pure and ready
for use.
The liquid in its upward travel through the passages C impinges against the
upper surface f of the angled passage as will be understood by reference to Figure 3
which is an enlarged view of three angled plates or they may be corrugated plates
as at Figure 4 and by continually changing its course in passing through the
several passages formed by the plates it is, so to speak, broken up and the solid
impurities which it contains are caused to deposit themselves upon the surface g of
the angled passage so that before the liquid reaches the top channel or corrugation
the whole of the impurities will have been precipitated on to the surfaces g of the
plates by the action of gravitation and as the impurities accumulate on the several
surfaces g of the channels or corrugations they slide down and finally fall into the
chamber L to be drawn off by the sludge cock N.
P is a pipe by which the solid deposits are drawn from the tank E when
required.
I am aware that water treated chemically for the separation of impurities has
been proposed to be passed through or between plates in a zigzag manner but these
plates have been connected to opposite sides of the vessel so as to cause the liquid
to pass in an upward and a downward direction alternately. Plates thus arranged
have not acted advantageously because portions of the liquid become more or less
pocketed in the upper parts between the plates after the vessel was charged and
the portions thus pocketed were kept agitated by the upward current but the
impurities did not deposit themselves, and when the liquid was very foul the
deposits in the lower passage accumulated so rapidly as to impair the necessary
flow of liquid through the apparatus.
By my invention the plates are always vertical and the liquid is always rising in
an upward direction in a zig-zag channel between the plates and by means of my
improved arrangement the water is divided into thin sheets or films and the deposit
of the impurities is consequently effected with greater ease and efficiency than by
any previously known arrangement of apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The construction and arrangement of apparatus such as is shown in the
annexed drawings by which solid impurities are separated from water or other
liquid as set forth.
2. The arrangement of vertical plates with corrugated or angled passages so as
to provide for the constant flow through them of liquid in an upward direction as
described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the annexed drawings and
being applied substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
204
T
1000
H. GARDNER,
Agent for the said A. Howatson.