Improvements in Filters.
Year: 1893

page_text: .
Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Oct., 1894-Accepter, 24th Nov., 1897
Improvements in Filters.
A communication from SOSTHENE Jouglard, President of the Civil Tribunal,
Valence, Department of the Drôme, France.
I, Alfred JulIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to he as
follows:-
This invention relates to a filter constructed in accordance with Pasteur's
theory, and which from its peculiar qualities may be described as a repeating
filter.
The apparatus consists of the filter proper, the reservoir and the discharging
nozzle. The filter is formed in two parts firmly joined together, and preferably
cylindrical. The upper part forms a hollow vessel, closed at the top and open at
the underside. This part is made of porous burnt clay or earthenware, especially
porcelain. The lower part on the contrary, which serves as a collector is made of
impermeable material of any suitable and convenient kind. It consists, like the
upper part of a single piece and is fitted, underneath, with the discharge-pipe which
is fixed in an opening provided for the purpose in the reservoir the joint being made
tight by a ring or hollow plug made of cork, wood, india-rubber, or other the like
material. The reservoir (constructed of any suitable impermeable material) is
fitted at its lowest point with a draw-off cock and is open at the top to enable the
filter to be put in and taken out.
The filter may rest upon a tripod stand provided with a lower shelf, on which a
water-bottle may be placed to hold the filtered water. In place of this however a
large filtered-water receiver may be employed of any shape, preferably circular,
fitted with a draw-off cock. Should the filters be placed upon brackets, console-
tables, and the like, they are provided with a laterally situated discharge-pipe.
The fluid to be filtered, water, beer, wine, etc. is poured from the top into the
reservoir and thoroughly permeates the porous earthenware cylinder leaving all
impurities and solid elements behind, and drops out of the discharge-pipe into the
receiver.
In order to cleanse the apparatus, the filter is taken out of the reservoir the
latter thoroughly cleared, by a suitable brush of all sedimentary deposit, and the
filter completely sterilised by immersion in boiling water for a period of from five
to ten minutes.
If it be required to accumulate a fixed quantity of filtered fluid, in order that it
may be drawn off and used at one operation, in case of emergency, special
arrangements are required, as follows ;—
In the first place, the discharge pipe must be provided with a stop-cock, plug or
the like; and secondly the inside of the filter must be put in communication with
the outer air, because when the discharge-pipe is closed the air confined in the filter
would prevent the entrance of any Huid whatever. This connection may be
established in two ways. Either the solid part of the filter is provided with an
aperture and a small tube is inserted with packing to ensure a tight joint, the said
tube extending above the surface of the water and being bent downwards and
contracted in order to prevent any atmospheric impurities from finding their way
in; a small narrow connecting tube or airway may be provided outside or inside

page_text: of the wall of the filter and discharge pipe such airway opening, at the top, in the
filter just underneath the solid part and at the bottom into the open air. The
latter form is preferable because in that case the filter may consist of one piece.
In another modification the filter assumes the form of a serpentine pipe with an
extensive filtering surface. This serpentine pipe is laid flat on the bottom of the
reservoir and therefore enables the height of the latter, under this form, to be the
least possible.
According to further modifications several filters in the form of so called "filter
candles" may be arranged in a large reservoir common to all. The latter can be
adapted to rotate on a pin like a revolver to be stopped and restarted, so as to
provide the different discharge-pipes with one common draw-off cock.
It remains to be observed finally, that for cooling and disinfecting purposes, ice,
charcoal and other the like suitable substances may be laid in the reservoir.
Dated this 21st day of December 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Of London, Liverpool, Nottingham, and Manchester,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Filters.
A. communication from SOSTHENE JOUGLARD, of Valence, Department of the
Drôme, France, President of the Civil Tribunal.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a filter constructed in accordance with Pasteur's
theory, and which from its peculiar qualities may be described as a repeating
filter.
The accompanying drawings illustrate several modifications of the same.
The apparatus consists of the filter proper F, the reservoir R and the discharging
nozzle G. The filter F is formed in two parts firmly joined together and preferably
cylindrical. The upper part forms a hollow vessel, closed at the top and open at
the under-side. This part is made of porous burnt clay or earthenware, especially
porcelain. The lower part C on the contrary which serves as a collector, is made
of impermeable material of any suitable and convenient kind. It consists like the
upper part F of a single piece and is fitted underneath with the discharge pipe G.
The latter may be placed in the centre of C (Fig. 1) or towards the outside
(Fig. 1) and is fixed in an opening provided for the purpose in the reservoir R the
joint being made tight by a ring or hollow plug O made of cork, wood, indiarubber
or other the like material. The reservoir R (constructed of any suitable
impermeable material) is fitted at its lowest point with a draw-off cock P and is
open at the top to enable the filter F to be put in and taken out.
According to Figure I the filter may rest upon a tripod stand provided with a
lower shelf on which a water-bottle B may be placed to hold the filtered water. In
place of this however, as shown in dotted lines, a large filtered-water receiver B
may be employed of any shape, preferably circular, fitted with a draw-off cock.
Should the filters be placed upon brackets, console-tables, and the like, they are
provided with a laterally situated discharge-pipe as shown in Figure 11.
The fluid to be filtered, water, beer, wine, etc. is poured from the top into the
reservoir R and thoroughly permeates the porous earthenware cylinder F, leaving
all impurities and solid elements behind, and drops out of the discharge pipe into
the receiver B.

page_text: In order to cleanse the apparatus, the filter F C G is taken out of the reservoir R
the latter thoroughly cleared, by a suitable brush, of all sedimentary deposit, and
the filter completely sterilised by immersion in boiling water for a period of from
five or ten minutes.
If it be required to accumulate a fixed quantity of filtered fluid, in order that it
may be drawn off and used at one operation, in case of emergency, special
arrangements are required, as follows ;-
In the first place, the discharge pipe G must he provided with a stop-cock, plug
or the like; and secondly the inside of the filter must be put in communication
with the outer air, because, when the discharge pipe G is closed, the air confined in
the filter F would prevent the entrance of any fluid whatever. This connection
may be established in two ways. Either the solid part of the filter F is provided
with an aperture, as shown in Figure II, and a small tube J is inserted with
packing Bi to ensure a tight joint, the said tube J extending above the surface of
the water and being bent downwards and contracted, in order to prevent any
atmospheric impurities from finding their way in; or, as shown in Figures III
and I11 a small narrow connecting tube or airway F' may be provided outside of
the wall of the filter F, or inside of the wall of the discharge pipe G as shown
at T; such airway opening, at the top, in the filter just underneath the cover of F,
and, at the bottom, into the open air.
Figure IV shows a plan of another modification in which the filter F assumes
the form of a serpentine pipe with an extensive filtering surface. This serpentine
pipe is laid flat on the bottom of the reservoir R, and therefore enables the height
of the latter, under this form, to be the least possible.
The Figures V and VI show a modification, wherein several filters in the form
of so-called "filter-candles" may be arranged in a large reservoir R common to all.
Thus the outlets of a number of filters can be adapted to a single discharge-
pipe G.
It remains to be observed, finally, that for cooling and disinfecting purposes, ice,
charcoal, and other the like suitable substances may be laid in the reservoir R.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is ;-
1. A filter in which a hollow filtering body F formed of porous clay (burnt
porcelain clay) is placed at the bottom of the fluid in the reservoir R and with its
discharge tube G loose but tightly-packed passes through the bottom of the
reservoir in such manner that the various parts so joined together may for
cleansing purposes be easily taken apart substantially as described.
2. A filter of the kind characterized and described under Article 1 wherein the
inside of the hollow filter-body F is by means of a small tube or air-channel put
in communication with the open air so that the filter-body F may at the same
time be used as a collecting reservoir for the filtered fluid substantially as
described.
Dated this 17th day of October 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.