Improved Apparatus for Testing and Indicating the Amount of Moisture Contained in any Sample of Yarn, Cotton, or other Materials.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left. 17th Apr. 1890-Accented. 14th June 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Testing and Indicating the Amount of
Moisture Contained in any Sample of Yarn, Cotton, or other
Materials.
[ JOHN JAMES STOTT of Barton House Deansgate Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Yarn Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates chiefly to the construction of an improved apparatus for
testing and indicating the amount of water or moisture contained in any sample of
cotton either in the raw or carded state, or in the form of yarn in the hank, or cop, but
it is also applicable for testing other materials or substances which aro or may be
adulterated by the addition of water.
This testing is usually done by taking an exact given weight of the yarn cotton
or other material to be tested, and after drying the same in an oven or otherwise,
re-weighing the sample and then by deducting the dry weight from the original
weight the amount of loss by evaporation is ascertained, which shows the amount
of weight (if any) fraudulently introduced by damping the cotton or other
substance.
My invention consists of an apparatus whereby the weight lost in evaporating
to dryness is not only at once ascertained but also visibly indicated on a graduated
dial.
For this purpose I construct a chamber or oven heated preferably by gas and pro-
vided with a door or opening for the introduction and removal of a plate or scale for
containing the sample of cotton yarn or other substance to be tested and also with
an opening or chimney for the conveyance away of the steam or moisture arising
therofrom.
The plate or scalo is carried by a frame supported upon a central pivot or rod which
is prolonged downwards and passes out through the bottom of the chamber or
oven, outside which it is connected to oither a spring balance or a beam scale or
steelyard.
This is so arranged that the index shall always be at a given point (say zero) when
exactly a certain given amount of cotton or other substance (say ten pounds for
instance) is placed in the scale.
The chamber or oven is then heated by lighting the gas and the exact loss of
weight caused by the evaporation of moisture is at once visibly indicated on
the dial.
I prefer to mark the dial with two circles of figures one representing the nett
loss of weight, and the other the percentage.
The above described apparatus is for testing a single sample at a time, but for
comparative tests of several samples at one time I arrange two, three, or more of the
scales or plates side by side in the same chamber or oven, each scale being provided
with its own indicator so that a comparison can be made at a glance of the amount
of moisture contained in each sample. To prevent the radiation of heat from the gas
from interfering with the action of the spring balances (if employed) a sheet of asbestos
or other non conductor of heat may be interposed.
The rod which supports the scale and connects it to the indicator may also be made
non-conducting by the introduction of a piece of ivory vulcanite or other non-conductor
of heat.
The chamber or oven will also be provided with a thermometer to indicate the heat
of the interior during the test.
Dated this 16th day of July 1980

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Testing and Indicating the Amount of
Moisture Contained in any Sample of Yarn, Cotton, or other
Materials.
I JOHN JAMES STOTT of Barton House Deansgate Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Yarn Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates chiefly to the construction of an improved apparatus for
testing and indicating the amount of water or moisture contained in any sample of
cotton, either in the raw or carded state, or in the form of yarn in the hank or cop,
but it is also applicable for testing other materials or substances which are or may
be adulterated by the addition of water.
This testing is usually done by taking an exact given weight of the yarn, cotton, or
other material to be tested, and after drying the same in an oven or otherwise
re-weighing the sample, and then by deducting the dry weight from the original, the
amount of loss by evaporation is ascertained which shows the amount of weight
(if any) which is in excess of the normal condition of the cotton
substance.
or other
My invention consists of an apparatus whereby the weight lost in evaporating
to dryness is not only at once correctly ascertained without any calculation but it is
also visibly indicated on a graduated dial.
The nature of my said invention and the manner in which the same is to be per-
formed or carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference to
the sheet of illustrative drawings hereunto annexed and the following explanation
thereof.
Fig. 1 on the drawing is a front elevation and Fig. 2 a vertical section of my
improved testing apparatus as arranged for testing two samples of cotton or other
substance simultaneously.
For this purpose I construct a chamber or oven a preferably heated by gas by means
of a perforated pipe 6 and provided with a door or doors c or other opening for the
introduction or removal of plates or scales, or cages d for containing the sample of
cotton, yarn, or other substance to be tested and also with a chimney or ventilating
openings e for the conveyance or escape of the steam or moisture arising therefrom.
Each plate scale or cage d is carried on a frame provided with four rods f passing
through tubes g in the bottom of the chamber or oven beneath which it is connected
by a central rod / to a spring balance i or it may be connected to a beam scale or
steelyard if preferred.
This is so arranged that the index & shall always be at a given point (say zero) when
exactly a certain given amount of cotton or other substance (say ten pounds for
instance) is placed upon the scale or in a cage d.
The chamber or oven a is then heated by lighting the gas and the exact loss of
weight caused by the evaporation of moisture is at once visibly indicated on the
dial 7.
I may mark the dial, if necessary, with two circles of figures, one representing the
nett loss of weight and the other the percentage.
The above described apparatus is for testing two samples of cotton or other substance
simultaneously but it will of course be evident that it may, if preferred, be arranged
so as to test only a single sample at a time; and for comparative tests of several samples
at one time I may arrange three or more of the scales or cages side by side in the
same chamber or oven, each scale or cage being provided with its own separate
indicator so that a comparison can be made at a glance of the amount of moistur
contained in each sample.
To prevent the radiation of heat from the gas from interfering with the action o
the spring balances (if employed) a sheet of asbestos or other non-conductor of hea
may be interposed.

page_text: The rod which supports the scale or cage and connects it with the indicator may
also be made non-conducting by the introduction of a piece of ivory, vulcanite or other
non-conductor of heat.
The chamber or oven a will also be provided with a thermometer m to indicate the
heat of the interior during the test.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
-
The improved apparatus for testing and indicating the amount of moisture contained
in any sample of yarn or other material consisting chiefly in the combination of an
oven (heated preferably by gas) having therein a scale plate or cage to contain the
material to be tested supported by a rod or rods passing out of the said chamber or
oven and connected to a spring balance or other suitable indicating apparatus placed
outside thereof substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings
annexed.
Dated this 16th day of April 1800.
GEORGE DAVIES,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.