IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Sam Mason, junior, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and James Conlong, of Bury, in the same County,
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
Engineer, for the Invention of
EMPLOYED IN THE DYEING, SIZING, AND WRINGING OF HANKS, PARTLY
APPLICABLE FOR USE IN SIMILAR OPERATIONS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sam Mason and James
Conlong at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd November
1879.
SAM MASON, junior, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
JAMES CONLONG, of Bury, in the same County, Engineer.
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE DYEING, SIZING, AND WRINGING OF
HANKS, PARTLY APPLICABLE FOR USE IN SIMILAR OPERATIONS."
Our Invention relates in the first place to apparatus employed in the dyeing and
sizing of hanks, and consists in the employment of three or more rollers or "fallers"
in dyeing and sizing apparatus, and in the manner and means for actuating the
same. To this end we place the said rollers or "fallers" on which the banks are
placed to the the top of the dyeing or sizing vat, and are formed or fixed in a suitable
frame. We prefer to form the said rollers or fallers of a square form in cross-section
in order to keep the hanks well in the dyeing or sizing matter. We effect the
revolution of the said rollers or fallers by means of worms and worm-wheels. We
form or fix on a suitable driving shaft mounted in bearings to the side of the dyeing
or sizing vat a series of worms, which are caused to gear with a corresponding
number of worm-wheels mounted on the roller or faller shaft, and which effect
the required revolution of the said rollers or fallers. The said driving shaft is
suitably provided with a fast and loose pulley. When it is required to renew or
replace the dyeing or sizing matter in the vat, the said rollers or fallers are raised
therefrom, and will be thus thrown out of gear with the gearing which actuates the
wringing of the hanks hereinafter mentioned. To effect the said raising of the
fallers we connect the bearings thereof to a rail or part provided with racks which
To the said
are caused to slide in a bearing plates fixed on the side of the vat.
bearing plate we cast or form an arm or bracket to carry a shaft, on which said shaft
'

page_text: pinions are fixed to gear with the said racks, and thereby effect the required
raising and lowering of the fallers into and from the interior of the vat. A second
shaft actuated by means of a hand-wheel and provided with a worm which gears
with a worm-wheel on the pinion shaft. We actuate all the said rollers or fallers
from the same shaft by means of the herein indicated worm gearing. A like
arrangement may be employed for indigo dyeing, the rollers or fallers being caused
to revolve slowly, and thereby move the hanks placed thereon slowly through the
dye. A second part of our Invention relates to improvements in a former Invention
for which Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty ninth day
of January in the present year, have been granted to us. In the said former Inven-
tion segment bevil wheels which geared with bevil pinions was employed to effect
the required dwell of the rotating hooks, and in the second place skew spur gearing
was employed to transmit motion to the axles of the said hooks. In our present
arrangement we effect the said rotation and dwell of the hooks by means of suitable
segmental spur-gearing formed on a suitable shaft, and actuated by means of a
worm-wheel which receives motion from a worm fixed on the driving-shaft. The
spur segment wheel and pinion may be formed of any suitable proportions, and is
so formed with teeth as will effect the required revolution and dwell of the said
hooks, and will prevent any revolution of the axles of the said hooks when it is
required to remove the hank therefrom. One end of the hank to be wrung is
placed on a rotating hook, and the other end thereof is held by a second hook which
is fixed or formed on a sliding shank which is acted upon by a weight. The shank
of the hook is squared or is formed with a feather to prevent its rotation during the
twisting of the hank, and is so arranged as that when the twisting is completed the
said square or feather is drawn out of the slot with which it engages, so that the
said hook is free to rotate, and the hank will untwist without requiring the reversal
of the hook. During the twisting of the hank the shaft is rotated by the drawing
in of the said hook until a lever engages with a catch lever, whereby the weight is
prevented from drawing back the said hook when the hank untwists. The bank is
then removed from the hook and replaced with a fresh hank during the dwell of
the book. The lever is released by pressing upon a catch lever and the weight
consequently falls. The catch lever is formed and arranged to be acted upon by
the knee of the attendant, and effects the required stretching of the bank
thereby.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Sam Mason and James Conlong in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd May 1880.
SAM MASON, junior, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
JAMES CONLONG, of Bury, in the same County, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE DYEING, SIZING, AND WRINGING OF
HANKS, PARTLY APPLICABLE FOR USE IN SIMILAR OPERATIONS."
Our Invention relates in the first place to the apparatus employed in the dyeing
and sizing of hanks of yarns, and consists in the employment of a series of
three or more rollers, technically termed "fallers," in such dyeing and sizing
apparatus in order to move or rotate the hanks suspended thereon through the
dyeing or sizing matter, by which means the hanks expose their threads to the
dyeing or sizing matter and are more expeditiously and evenly dyed or sized than
heretofore. When actuating the said rollers or "fallers" on which the hanks to be
dyed or sized are placed we mount the said rollers or fallers in a suitable frame
fixed to the back side of the dye-vat and at the top thereof. The said rollers or
'fallers" are preferably formed of a hexagonal form in cross section in order to
have a good hold on the suspended hanks when moving or rotating the same
through the dyeing or sizing matter, but the rollers or fallers may be formed of a
square or other suitable form if desired. We effect the required rotation of the
rollers or fallers (mounted as hereinbefore mentioned) by means of worms and
worm-wheels or other suitable gearing as will effect the required rotation of the
said rollers or "fallers." On a horizontal driving shaft, which said shaft may
extend the entire length of the vat, we form or fix a series
responding
J
in number to the number of rollers or "fallers" employed. The said worms are caused
to gear each with a corresponding worm wheel or worm mounted on each roller or
faller shaft, whereby the required rotation of the rollers or "fallers" is effected.
The said driving shaft is mounted in bearings bolted to the side of the vat, and is
provided at the driving end thereof with a suitable fast and loose pulley. When it
is required to renew the dyeing or sizing matter, or to removed the dyed hanks
therefrom, the rollers or fallers are raised from the interior of the vat. To this end
we connect the roller or faller bearings to a rail or part provided with racks, which
rail is caused to slide in and upon bearing plates bolted to the vat side. The said
bearings carry a shaft on which is fixed or formed racked pinions which gear the said
racks, and which effects the required raising and lowering of the fallers into and
from the interior of the vat. A second shaft carried in bearings bolted to each end
of the vat is actuated by means of a hand wheel. The said shaft is provided with
a worm which gears with a corresponding worm wheel fixed on the outer end of
the rack pinion shaft. When the rollers or fallers are raised to renew the dye they
are thrown out of gear with the gearing which effects their rotation.
For indigo
dyeing the same arrangement may be employed, but the rollers or fallers will be
rotated more slowly than will be the case in fancy dyeing.
A second part of our Invention relates to improvements in a former Invention
for which Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty ninth day of January, in the
year 1879, and numbered 375, have been granted. In the said former Invention a
segmental bevil wheel geared alternately with two bevil pinions fixed on a
revolving shaft, and was employed to effect the reversal and dwell of rotating hooks,
on which hooks the hanks are placed after being dyed in order to be wrung, and
skew spur wheels was employed to transmit motion from each bevil pinion shaft to
the axles of the said rotating hooks. In our improved arrangement we effect the
required rotation and dwell of the said hooks in a better manner by means of
frictional gearing or of segmental spur gearing as desired. The friction gearing is
formed of a fixed and sliding disc, which is arranged to be brought together when

page_text: When
desired by means of a treddle and levers under the control of the operator.
we employ segmental spur gearing we fix a worm on the driving shaft which gears
with a worm wheel, which latter wheel transmits motion to a shaft on which the
said segmental spur gearing is fixed. We form the said segmental spur wheel with
less than the full compliment of teeth, and in any suitable proportion as will effect
a dwell of the hooks when required to remove the hanks therefrom. A remaining
part of the Invention relates to apparatus to be employed in the bundling of hanks,
and consists in the employment of a segment bevil wheel which gears with a bevil
pinion; the teeth on the said bevil wheel extend about three fourths of its circum-
férence. The said pinion is fixed on the shaft which rotates the hanks by means of
mitre wheels fixed on the said shaft. The said wheel is caused to revolve in the
same direction by means of a worm and wheel, immediately the segment of teeth
on the said bevil wheel has passed out of gear with the pinion, and thereby prevents
the rotation of the hooks for a time.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood we have attached
hereunto three Sheets of Drawings marked with letters of reference. Referring to
Sheet 1 of the said Drawings, Figures 1 and 2 represent an elevation and plan of
a hank dyeing and sizing machine constructed in accordance with the first part of
our Invention. In the said Figures A is the dye vat; B, B, are the rollers or
"fallers"; C, C¹, are the worms and worm wheel for rotating the rollers or fallers.
The said worms C are mounted or fixed on the driving shaft d, and gear with the
worm wheels C¹ mounted on each roller or faller shaft, and effect their rotation
when the said driving shaft d is revolved, being provided with a fast and loose
pulley at the driving end thereof. When it is required to raise the rollers or fallers B
from the vat in order to renew the dyeing or sizing matter, or to remove the dyed
or sized hanks therefrom, we connect the roller bearings to the rail e, which rail is
provided with racks f and is caused to slide in and upon the plates g. The said
bearings carry the shaft h, on which rack pinions i which are caused to gear with the
racks are mounted. A second shaft ; provided with the worm k and is actuated by
means of the hand wheel kl. The said worm k gears with the worm wheel Z. when
the hand wheel is rotated, and effects the rising or lowering of the rollers or fallers as
desired. The hanks to be dyed are placed on the rollers or fallers B, B, which are
then lowered sufficiently by the hand wheel and connected gearing with the vat as
will allow of the immersion of the hanks in the dyeing or sizing matter. Motion
is then given to the rollers or fallers by means of the worm piuions C' by the
revolution of the worms c on the driving shaft d. The hanks will thus be carried
slowly through the dyeing or sizing matter by the rotation of the.roller B, B.
prefer to form the said rollers or fallers of a hexagonal-form in order to have a good
hold on the suspended hanks. For indigo dyeing the rollers are rotated at about
one half the speed than when dyeing yarns other than indigo. The friction gearing
herein shown will be described when referring to Figure 3, Sheet 2. Figure 3,
Sheet 2, represents a cross section on the line * in Figure 2, Sheet 1, wherein is
shown the employment of friction gearing for effecting the wringing of the hanks
after the same have been dyed. One end of the hank is placed on the sliding
hook be, which in this example is formed with a squared shank a, which said shank
slides in the boss d¹. The other end of the hank is placed on the book e², which
hook is rotated by means of the friction gearing f' in the following manner:-
When it is desired to wring the hank placed on the books bs and e² the treddle g¹
is allowed to drop, and the lever g² on the other side of its fulcrim raises the lever h¹,
whereby the friction dises or wheels f' are brought into gear and remain in gear
until the winding or wringing of the hank is completed, the required tension on
the hank when wringing being regulated by sliding the weight on the lever h',
nearer to or farther from its fulcrim. The shaft j is revolved continuously in the
same direction and the friction wheels brought together when it is desired to wring
the hank, after which the wheel is caused to slide back on the shaft. Figure 4
represents a modification of the above. In this example spur-segment wheels are
employed in lieu of the friction-wheels.. The wheel fl is caused to revolve
We

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continuously in the same direction by means of the worm on the driving shaft
gearing with the worm wheel k² on the cross-shaft, on which shaft the spur-segment
wheel is fixed, and gears with the pinion ¹ when the hook e² is rotated in order to
wring the hank, after which it is caused to dwell in order to remove the hank from the
hook. A detached view of the spur-segment wheel and pinion is shown by Figure 5,
wherein will be seen that the driving segment wheel is formed with teeth on about
two thirds the circumference thereof, but any proportion may be employed as
desired. The sliding hook in this example is formed with a square shank in order
to prevent its rotation during the twisting of the hank, and which slides in the
bush and is rotated therewith when the hank untwists by means of the hand
wheel m, shown more clearly in Figure 6.
When the hand wheel m is rotated in
order to bring the split bush n together, the shank of the hook will be prevented
from rotating, but will be allowed to slide therein by reason of the drawing in of
the twisted hank. Figure 7 represents the arrangement for raising the rollers or
fallers" from the vat by means of the rack f actuated by means of the rack
pinion i fixed on the pinion shaft h; it will be seen that when the rollers or fallers
are raised by the hand wheel fixed on each end of the vat they will be thrown out
of gear with the worm or worm wheels q which effect their rotation. Figure 8
represents the hand wheel fixed on the internal shaft g, upon which shaft the
worms is mounted and gears with the worm or worm wheel s², which effects the
raising or lowering of the rack and fallers as desired. Figure 9 represents an
arrangement for rotating the fallers by means of a segmental bevil wheel gearing
with an internal and external pinion fixed on the shaft d. On the shaft of the
segmental bevil wheel u a worm wheel is mounted which receives motion from a
worm u¹ fixed in a cross shaft and actuated by the driving shaft & on which the
fallers are mounted. The said segment bevil wheel is formed with teeth on two
thirds of its circumference, which effect the reversal and dwell of the shaft by
means of the two. Fig. 12 shows an arrangement of spur gearing for obtaining
the requisite speed for the rollers or fallers and the segment bevil wheel for
obtaining the required motion of the same said pinions in order to twist and untwist
the hank. Figures 11 and 12, Sheet 3, represents the form and arrangement of
apparatus to be employed for the indigo dyeing. Figure 11 represents the employ-
ment of two frictional discs, which are brought together when desired to wring the
hank by means of the levers and treddle herein before, described, but in this case
the lever on which the weight slides is fixed to the upper end of the vat. The
shaft d is revolved continuously in the same direction. Figure 12 is a plan, and
shows the disc f which is formed to slide on the shaft c into and out of gear
with the fixed disc by means of the lever d² and foot treddle e². Figures 13, 14,
and 15 represent the different arrangements of apparatus we employ when bundling
hanks. The segment bevil wheel is formed with teeth on about three fourths of
its circumference, and is revolved by means of the worm and worm-wheel g, g¹, at
a suitable speed. The said teeth on the wheel frotate the shaft h. The hook g is
rotated a suitable number of times by means of the bevil-wheels i, i, actuated by
means of the said bevil-segment wheel f. The other end of the bank is placed on
the pin j, which is formed and arranged to rock on the fulcrim in order to shake
out the hank before the bundling or twisting of the same. To this end the cam-
wiper is rotated and rocks the lever on its fulcrim. The twisting of the bank then
commences by the rotation of the hook, and thereby draws in the pin j, as indicated
by dotted lines, the weight k preventing the hank drawing up the pin further.
The hank is then removed, and the weight k draws back the pin. To bring the
wiper into action the operator depresses the treddle m, which brings down the
lever n and moves the wiper into action. We consider the machine illustrated by
Figures 11 and 12, Sheet 3, to be suitable for indigo dyeing, and the machine
illustrated on Sheets 1 and 2 for fancy dying; but we do not confine ourselves to
these uses so long as the said machines or modifications thereof are used in the
dyeing, sizing, wringing, and twisting of hanks. We do not confine ourselves to
the exact arrangements illustrated in the Drawings so long as the principal parts of

page_text: our Invention are retained, nor do we confine ourselves to any given proportions of
gearing herein indicated.
Having now set forth and indicated the nature and intent of our Invention, and
means for carrying the same into effect, we would have it to be understood that
we claim,-
First. The combination and arrangements of the rollers or "fallers" in dyeing and
sizing machines, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated herein-
before and in and by the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The employment of worms and worm-wheels actuated by spur segment
gearing for rotating the rollers or fallers, substantially as described and as illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The employment of friction-gearing in machines employed in the
wringing or twisting of hanks.
Fourthly. The segmental bevil-wheel actuated in the manner described illustrated
for bundling hanks.
And, lastly. The employment of spur segment wheels, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth and indicated.
. In witness whereof, we, the said Sam Mason, junior, and James Conlong, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this First day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Signed and sealed by the
said Sam Mason, junior,
and James Conlong, in
the presence of
FERD. BOSSHARDT,
Agent to the Patentees,
24, Bull's Head Chambers,
Market Place,
.
Manchester.
SAM MASON, J. (L.S.)
JAMES CONLONG. (L.S.)