IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND THE APPARATUS CON- *NECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and
John Kilner, all of the Providence Glass Bottle Works, Thornhill Lees,
near Dewsbury, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND THE APPARATUS CON-
*NECTED THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Caleb Kilner, George
Kilner, William Kilner, and John Kilner at the Office of the Con-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th August 1860.
We, CALEB KILNER, GEORGE KILNER, WILLIAM KILNER, and JOHN KILNER,
all of the Providence Glass Bottle Works, Thornhill Lees, near Dewsbury, in
the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND THE APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows':―
We propose using a mould of the internal figure of the bottles to be made;
it is split vertically so as to be capable of being opened into two halves; the
part which moulds the neck and rim of the bottle points upwards, or the

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and John
Kilner in the Great Seal Patent, Office on the 28th February 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CALEB
KILNER, GEORGE KILNER, WILLIAM KILNER, and JOHN KILNER, all of the
Providence Glass Bottle Works, Thornhill Lees, near Dewsbury, in the
County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
eign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and John Kilner, Her
special licence that we, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William
Kilner, and John Kilner, our executors, administrators, and, assigns, or such
others as us, the said Caleb Kilner, George Kilner, William Kilner, and
John Kilner, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should. at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter;
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and. Ire-
land, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS BOTTLES, AND THE APPARATUS CONNECTED. THERE

page_text: WITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Caleb Kilner,
George Kilner, William Kilner, and John Kilner, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of tho said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same, to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately, after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW, KNOW YE, that I, the said Caleb Kilner, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner, the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement,. that is to say:-.
i
1'
now
This Invention relates to the manufacture of glass bottles by more simplo
and efficient means than has hitherto been adopted for the same purpose.
In order that our said Invention may be fully understood we will
proceed to describe the best means we are acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative Sheets of
Drawings hereto annexed, and to the, numeral figures and letters of reference
marked thereon respectively as follows:
i.
1.1
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
"
1112
J..
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a front view of the machine used by us in the manufacture
of glass bottles; Fig. 2, Sheet 2, being a side view of the same, having one-half
of the mould standing out at right angles to the other half, similar letters of
reference denoting corresponding parts at both of the Figures..
11.
"
Fig. 1 shews a front view of the machine as it would appear with the mould
shut, and the lid or cover on the internal figure of the mould being shewn in
dotted lines.
فيه
1.1"
1:9
7.kis
.14
20
"
A, A, shews part of the stand or frame on legs B, B, bolted together;
C, C, shows a lever which raises or lowers the bottom of the mould. D con-
nected with the vertical' rod D'; E, E, shews the cover or lid when shut
down, having a blast pipe H passing through its centre, e, e, and h shewing
the same cover and blast pipe pulled back (in dotted lines); F, F, shews back
half of the mould; and G, G, the front half of the same; I, I, is the internal
shape of the mould for the exterior shape of the glass bottle; J is a catch or
fastening for keeping the mould shut or closed during the operation of
moulding, having a handle K on its fulcrum for the purpose of opening and
shutting the mould; L is a suspending bracket, on which the lever C works,
***
11.
1:
"
1
1:41

page_text: It will be seen at both Figures, that the two halves of the mould are hinged
together so that when shut up they shall fit exactly in their places by means
of pins or dowels, as shewn at Fig. 2;'Sheet 2.'
The way in which the bottles are to be manufactured is as follows:-A
sufficient quantity of hot metal is placed into the mouth of the mould, the
bottom or piston of the mould being at the upper part thereof; the
cover or lid
is then drawn down, and a blast of air driven. through the pipe H by any
convenient means; thus the hot metal is forced to the sides and around the
mould, as the lever C is caused to act upon the bottom or piston of the mould,
which gradually descends, allowing the metal at the same time to descend with
it until reaching the lower part of the mould, by which time the bottle is
perfected, including the body, neck, and rim, or mouth, which points upwards.
Tho catch or fastening is then thrown off, the mould opened, and the
perfect bottle withdrawn.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention of
"Improvements in the Manufacture of Glass Bottles, and the Apparatus
connected therewith," and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
we would remark in conclusion that we are aware attempts have been made
to manufacture glass bottles by machinery somewhat on the principle of this
our Invention, the great difference being that in the former case the molten
glass has been inserted in the lower part of the mould with the bottom
upwards, of which the neck and rim was in a downward position; and also
the blast pipe placed at the bottom of the mould, by which arrangement it was
impossible to raise the body of hot glass up to the other end of the mould, a
hole having been blown entirely through the glass; but in the arrangement
of our apparatus it will appear by the Drawings that the glass being placed
at the top of our mould (which has the neck and rim uppermost), the specific
gravity of the glass has a tendency to fall to the bottom of the mould, while
at the same time the blast of air not only assists it in its descent, but expands
it around the inner sides of the mould, completing the bottle with its mouth
at one operation of moulding, whereas by the ordinary method the mouth has
to be attached after the bottle has been formed; now we would wish it to be
distinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details
herein described and shewn in the accompanying Drawings, as many slight
variations or modifications may be made therein without in any way departing
from the principle of our Invention; but what we claim as our Invention
intended to be secured to us by the herein in part recited Letters Patent is,
the manufacture of glass bottles by machinery, wherein is a metallic mould

page_text: in a vertical position, and in the interior of which is formed the required shape
of the bottle, the same having a moveable bottom, the neck or rim being
uppermost, and in manner shewn by the accompanying Drawings, and herein
described for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Caleb Kilner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
ALEX, PRINCE,
Agents for Patents,
4, Trafalgar Square,
Charing Cross.
CALEB KILNER. (LS.)