IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Wo, WILLIAM TERRY and JOHN SCOTT of Dudley Hill, near Bradford, in the
County of York, Commission Wool Combers, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL, AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a new combination and arrangement of apparatus for
combing wool and other fibre, the separate parts of such apparatus having already
formed the subject of prior Letters Patent granted to the present Inventors on the
17th of February 1879 No 625,.and on the 22nd of December 1882 N° 6125.
In practice we have found that the two patented Inventions referred to, when
worked separately did not give us satisfaction but through a course of experiments
we have found that when the two Inventions or parts of mechanism are combined,
that such combination gives the required results.
The apparatus we now combine and arrange consists according to Patent Nº 625
A.D. 1879 of a small circular comb working within a larger circular comb, the
latter of which is wide enough to receive a previously combed and straightened tuft
of fibre; which is placed thereon by mechanism hereinafter explained.
The combed and straightened tufts of fibre are placed onto this broad comb, and
slightly pressed therein by a dabbing brush in such manner that the noil end
thereof overhangs, or projects beyond the teeth towards the centre of the comb, such
overhanging fringe of fibre being held up and supported by a suitably shaped plate
until it is carried to the tangent of the two circles by the rotatory motion of the
large-comb, when the said fibre is forced by a dabbing brush into both combs, the
divergence of which combs the fibre, the slivers being drawn off in the ordinary
manner, leaving the noil in the small circle to be removed as is usual.
The apparatus we employ for preparing the fibre, and transferring it in tufts onto
the broad circular comb previously mentioned, formed the subject of Patent
No 6125 A.D. 1882, and consists of a reciprocatory gill head placed outside the
circular comb, the gill combs or "fallers" therein being curved to the same radius
as the inner row of teeth in the circle, and placed at a higher level than the circle
so as to be capable of advancing over the whole width thereof. In the interior of
the circular comb wo employ a pair of hinged nipping jaws which are mounted on
the upper end of a vertical slide such jaws being opened and closed as the gill heal
reciprocates to draw off a tuft of wool from the gill combs, the jaws being raised
0.71 .....מ
.

page_text: and lowered by means of a cam and levers, and the tuft deposited upon the circular
comb and dabbed therein by a brush in the usual manner.
The means we employ for closing the jaws when seizing hold of a tuft of fibre
consist of a friction bowl or pulley which bears upon and is forced against the back
of the upper nipping jaw by means of a lever connected to and operated by a rod
attached to the vertical slide bar employed for lifting the jaws by which means
they are closed just before they commence to descend.
After the jaws have descended and placed the tufts of fibre onto the circlo the
friction pulley employed for closing is now removed off the upper nipping jaw which
is immediately opened by the action of a spiral spring.
Instead of giving a rising and falling motion to the nipping jaws by a vertical
rod they may be mounted upon a fulcrum, and caused to oscillate thereon by a cam,
and lever, or they may be mounted upon a rod passing through a long collar or boss
upon two centres.
The rising and falling motion is imparted by cam and lever as above stated,
whilst by means of an additional guide rod we may impart a curvilinear motion to
the jaws.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
We, WILLIAM TERRY and JOHN SCOTT of Dudley Hill near Bradford in the
County of York Commission Wool Combers do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention consists in a new combination and arrangement of apparatus for
combing wool and other fibre, the, separate parts of such apparatus having already
formed the subject of prior Lotters Patent granted to the present Inventors on
the 17th of February 1879, N° 625 and on the 22nd of December 1882 N° 6125.
In practice we have found that the two patented Inventions referred to when
worked separately did not give us satisfaction, but through a course of experiments
we have found that when the two Inventions or parts of mechanism are combined
that such combination gives the required results.
Such being the nature of our Invention, we will now proceed to describe the
same more fully; and in order that it may be better understood we herein give
reference to the accompanying sheets of Drawings wherein Fig 1 is sectional
elevation of a machine combined, arranged and constructed according to our
Invention and Fig 2 is plan view of same. No 1 is framework of machine upon
which is mounted the large circular comb 2, such comb being broad enough to
receive a comb and straightened tuft of fibre, and 3 is a smaller circular comb
working within the large one, N° 4 is the reciprocatory gill head provided with
gill fallers 5 and 6 having their pins pointed downward and operated by screws as
usual such gill head being caused to move to and from the circular combs in the
ordinary manner as fully shewn and described in prior Letters Patent granted to
us on the 13 day of October A.D. 1881 N° 4464.
Figure 7 and 8 indicate a pair of nipping jaws hinged together at 9 and carried
by a vertical sliding bar 10 working between two guide checks or plate 11, to the
bottom of which bar are attached two rods 12 connected at their upper ends to
lever arms 13 between which is a friction bowl 14 resting upon a cam 15 mounted
upon a shaft 16 and caused to revolve by toothed wheels 17 and 18, the former of
which is mounted on the driving shaft 19. As the cam 15 revolves the nipping
jaws are caused to rise and fall vertically in doing which they seize hold of a tuft
of fibre projecting from the gill head which then recodes leaving a tuft in the jaws
and when the said jaws descend the tuft is placed upon the teeth of the broad
circle 2 so that a portion thereof overhangs within the circle, such fibre being
afterwards dabbed into the teeth of the circle by the brush 20. It will be perceived
that in consequence of the tuft overhanging into the circle, that at the next
upward movement of jaws, they would come into contact with the overhanging
fringe of fibre, which would be deranged thereby, but to prevent this we arrange
that the jaws shall recede from the teeth of the large comb just before or about

page_text: the time the said jaws commence to rise and this is done in the following mannor-
As stated above the vertical sliding bar 10 works between two guide checks 11,
the two ends of which are open so that the sliding bar can oscillate some little
distance to and fro and this is effected by a bell crank lever 21 hinged at 22. The
upper end of this bell crank lever carries an adjustable rod 23 the front end thereof
being slotted and carrying a bowl 24 which is bearing against the sliding bar 10,
A rotary cam 25 is employed acting on one end of the bell crank lever 21 such
cam being so timed as to depress at the proper time the lower arm of the bell
crank lever, thereby throwing forward the upper arm thereof, in doing which the
bowl 24 forces the sliding bar 10 backward, whereby the nipping jaws which havo
begun to ascond are pushed out of the way of tho overhanging fringe of fibre but
immediately after the jaws have passed the fringe the cam 25 releases the bell
crank lever 21 and the pressure of the bowl 24 is removed off the sliding bar
which is then pushed back into its vertical position again by another bell crank
lever 26 operated by spiral spring 27.
The opening and closing of the jaws is effected as follows. The pillars 28 support
two lover arms 29 which carry a bowl 30 and are connected at their opposite ends
by means of rod 31 which is attached to one end of the horizontal lever 32
fulcrum 33 and carrying a bowl 34 which bowl is operated upon by a cam 35. To
the back of the upper nipping jaw 7 is connected one end of the cord or strop 36
whilst opposite end of said cord is attached to the spiral spring 37.
•
'On the ends of the lower jaw 8 are hinged catches 38 (see Fig 3 sheet 3) the
lower onds of which are bent inwards, and to the upper ends of which are attached
springs 39. In the drawings the jaws are shown closed and the gill is receding
and leaving a tuft of fibre between the jaws. As the cam 15 revolves the jaws
will descend and deposit the tuft upon the comb 2, and when about its lowest point
of descent, the point of the end 40 of the catches 38 will strike the studs 41 and
release the upper jaw which is then raised by the spiral spring 37 and the tuft is
released,
It will be seen from the drawings that as the jaws and sliding bar 10 fall, the
bowl 30 must rise, and on the jaws and bar rising the said bowl falls pressing upon
and closing the upper jaw as soon as the gill head reaches the full extent of its
forward movement and places the end of the tuft between the jaws, which then
close and are lockod by the spring catches 38. The amount of pressure exercised
upon the nipping jaws is regulated by the spiral spring 42 which bears upon the
collar 43 upon the rod 31 and against the square stud 44 through which tho
rod 31 passes.
After the fibre has been deposited upon the large circle 2 and dabbed into the
teeth thereof by the brush 20 the fibre is carried around, but the overhanging
fringe thereof is supported by the plate 45 until it arrives at the tangent of the
two circles when it is nicely placed upon the teeth of the small circle 3 by the
rotary disc 46 after which it is dabbed into the teeth of the small circle by the
brush 47 whilst the divergence of the two circles, combs the fibre (the noil being
left in the small circle) which is drawn off in the usual manner by drawing off
rollars.
Having now shewn and described our. Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed and carried into practice we would have it understood
that we are aware that the various parts used separately are not new as they have
beon embodied in prior Letters Patent granted to us, what therefore we believe to
be new, and claim is
Firstly. The use of the combs 2 and 3 and supporting plate 45 arranged in the
manner set forth, in combination with the 'means herein shewn and described for
placing separate tufts of fibre upon the broad circular comb," having the fringe

page_text: Secondly. The employment of the nipping jaws 7 and 8 which in addition to a
vertical motion have an oscillatory or curvilinear motion for the purpose of
escaping the fringe of fibre when ascending in manner substantially as heroin
shewn and described.