Improvements in Flushing Syphons.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 27th May, 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL DIE
Improvements in Flushing Syphons.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS Hydraulic Engineer Peaseholm Green York MOSES
JAMES ADAMS Sanitary Engineer Peaseholm Green York, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In an ordinary deep trap syphon-that is a syphon the outgo of which has a
liquid seal for the purpose of preventing the escape of air from within, until a
certain pressure or resistance has been reached-(this resistance being sufficient to
prevent liquid passing through the syphon itself, although the liquid may rise above
and completely cover the syphon). The liquid still rising in the receptacle in which
the syphon is fixed will as it rises higher exert a pressure greater than that of the
liquid seal at outgo, and drive out thus a portion of the air from within the syphon,
through the liquid seal, this air rising up in bubbles in most cases will cleave to and
travel up the inner surface of the syphon outgo gradually rising to the top of the
water seal without having exerted any influence upon the action of the syphon.
Now if this air was sent up in bulk, or in a greater body and with more effect it
would bring about syphonic action, assuming that the liquid in the receptacle was
at a height greater than the top of the syphon itself, and my object is to cause the
air when forced through the liquid seal, to rise in bulk and clear of the sides and to
make it thus effective in throwing out a proportionate amount of liquid and reducing
in proportion the volume of the seal and its pressure, removing thus the resistance
which has up to now prevented the liquid (which stands above the syphon top)
passing through. This liquid now finds its way into and through the syphon which
thus comes into full work. We may cause the expelled air to rise thus clear of the
sides in various ways, as by forming a ring or projection within the neck of vertical
outgo and preferably near its base, or by reducing the diameter at the desired
position of this same vertical outgo pipe or by forming this vertical outgo as a cone
the largest diameter of which is upwards. Provided the expelled air rises in or
near the centre of our syplion outgo and is concentrated at this point before being
forced up through the liquid seal our object will be attained and it is this we now
claim.
There are various plans for regulating the amount of air required to force the
liquid seal. We prefer to use a vent pipe communicating with the interior of syphon
and to close this with a cap or hood of the depth required, and we prefer to use a
loose taper outgo bend which will turn to discharge in any required direction.
Dated thie 21st day of March 1895.

page_text: · Improvements in Flushing Syphons.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS Hydraulic Engineer Peaseholm Green York,
MOSES JAMES ADAMS Sanitary Engineer Peaseholm Green York do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manuer the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In an ordinary deep, trap. syphon that is a syphon. the outgo of which has a
liquid seal for the purpose of preventing the escape of air from within-until a
certain pressure or resistance is reached (this resistance being sufficient to prevent
liquid, passing through the syphon, itself, altho' the liquid may rise above and
completely cover the syphon). The liquid still rising in the receptacle in which
the syphon is fixed,, will as it rises higher exert a pressure greater than that of the
liquid seal at outgo, and drive out thus a portion of the air from within the syphon,
through the liquid seal, this air rising up in bubbles in most cases will cleave to and
travel up the inner surface of the syphon outgo gradually rising to the top of the
water seal without having exerted any influence upon the action of the syphon.
Now if this air was sent up in bulk or in a greater body and with more effect it
would bring about syphonic action assuming that the liquid in the receptacle was
at a height greater than the top of the syphon itself and our object is to cause the
air when forced through the liquid seal to rise in bulk and clear of the sides and to
make it thus effective in throwing out a proportionate amount of liquid and reducing
in, proportion the volume of the seal and its pressure, removing thus the resistance
which has up to now prevented the liquid (which stands above the syphon top)
passing through. This liquid now finds its way into and through the syphon which
comes thus into full work. We may cause the expelled air to rise thus clear of the
sides in various ways, as by forming a ring or projection within the neck of syphon
outgo, preferably near its base, or by reducing the diameter at the desired position
of this same outgo pipe, or by forming this outgo pipe as a cone the largest diameter
of which is upwards. Provided the expelled air rises in or near the centre of our
syphon outgo and is concentrated at this point before being forced up through the
liquid seal our object will be attained. There are various plans for regulating the
amount of air required to force this liquid seal. We prefer however to use a vent
pipe communicating with the interior of syphon and to close this with a cap or hood
of the depth required, and we prefer also to use upon the syphon outgò a bend
which will turn to discharge in any required direction.
Reference to the drawings will explain more fully our improvements and in these
at Fig. 1 we shew a syphon having a trap or bend A at its outlet, in which when
in work liquid would remain, and as the liquid rises around the upper part of the
syphon in the tank itself (this is shewn more fully at Fig. 3 where B. represents
the tank) the air will be locked in between points C and D and will eventually be
forced up through the trap at outlet, but under ordinary conditions it would bubble
through this trap, gradually escaping from within and not affecting in any way the
level of water in this trap or seal at outlet which would still stand at the same level
giving a permanent resistance to the bulk of air within, which would thus withstand
the weight of liquid above syphon at E in spite of the fact that some air had been
forced out of this water seal. Now our object is to utilise this air, in such a way
as to displace a proportionate amount of water or liquid from the trap at outlet,
and thus to reduce the level and its consequent resistance to the liquid above, this
we do by reducing the neck of outgo in such a way that the air being concentrated
at this point is forced "en masse" through and rising in bulk throws out or displaces a
proportionate amount of the liquid contents of the trap, with the result that as less 5
liquid remains therein, its resistance is less than heretofore and it is incapable of

page_text: holding back the liquid (formerly held back) above the syphon top, which now
descends, passing through the syphon which comes into full operation, drawing off
the contents of the tank.
We may form our neck or ring or constriction as at Fig. 1 or Fig. 2, or we mar
secure more or less the same result by forming our syphon outgo as at Fig. 3 or 4.
At Fig. 3. we reduce the diameter at its base, and throughout its length and so
obtain a more powerful blow than where this is of uniform diameter with the falling
leg of the syphon. To lock in the amount of air required in the interior of our
syphon (in order that this air should be driven out of its interior when the requisite
level of liquid above syphon top is reached) we place a vent pipe with a cap G
thereon, this cap being of the desired depth, and the vent pipe at its other extremity
connected to the interior of the syphon. Now as the liquid rises around the syphon
the air therefrom is driven out up the vent pipe so placed, until the level of the cap
is reached and the rising liquid around this cap prevents further escape of air which
thus becomes compressed or put under pressure until such time as the pressure
forces the liquid seal at outgo and the air rising clear of the sides displaces a certain
amount of liquid therefrom and brings about syphonic action, the contents of the
tank being drawn off, and the further partial action of syphon, or partial vacuum,
being prevented by the ingress of air to the interior of syphon through the vent
pipe F.
For ease of reference all our drawings are lettered to correspond. At H is an
outgo which we prefer to use, it can be set at any angle desired, to meet a drain or
sewer or other connection. We may if we prefer make our vent pipe terminate in
a bend as dotted G. at Fig. 2, and now
Having particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is.
1st. The use in a flushing syphon of a cone, or constriction of the outgo; or a
ring, or projection, or other reduction of the cross sectional area of the syphon
outgo, formed in such a way as to throw the air bubbles ejected clear of the sides
of the syphon outgo, in combination with a trap or other water seal of syphon.
2nd. In a flushing syphon the use of the vent pipe and cap (or rent pipe bent
down to serve the same purpose) placed for the purpose of admitting air to a
syphon and regulating the amount of air admitted to the said syphon in combination
with a syphon having a liquid seal at its outgo.
3rd. All the apparatus and parts as shewn on the drawings and described and
their equivalents though differing in conformation substantially the same and for
the same purpose.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1895.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS.
MOSES JAMES ADAMS.