Improvements in the Construction of Window Casements and Frames.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 16th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 29th Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Window Casements and
Frames.
I WILLIAM MARSHALL, of No. 10, Parade, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of wrought iron or other
metallic casements in combination with wood mullions or frames, and consists of
novel modifications of the metallic parts and of the wood mullions or frames for the
same, as follows:-
In a casement constructed in accordance with my invention I adopt a section of
iron or other metal for the frame, the main bar or member of which has an outside
flange at the front, and an inside flange at the back. To the inside of the top bar,
I add a narrow flange forming with the front flange a shallow trough pierced with
small holes in the front flange to let off any water driven in.
The casement is let into and hinged to the wood mullious or frames, which are
double rabbetted, the inner rabbet being somewhat larger than the casement
working within it.
In the interual angle between the inner and outer rabbets is a groove all round
sunk below the face of the outer flange of the casement to form a check or stop to
prevent wind or water driving through the overlap of the casement.
In the space or cavity left when the casement is closed, between the casement
and the mullions or frame, I form in the latter all round an extra groove or extra
grooves to form weather stops in addition to that mentioned above.
Also in the
said space or cavity at the bottom of the frame, I prefer to fix a thin metallic strip
or plate projecting from the sill almost to touch the bottom bar of the casement, as
an additional check or weather stop, a small space being left at the ends of same to
let off any drip of water from above.
I also affix weather bars or metallic strips with a thin edge to the inside faces of
the wood mullions or frame, and against which the inner flange of the casement
abuts when closed. These are attached by wood screws, through slightly slotted
holes in the bars, to allow of adjustment to meet any inequality in the casement
itself. By these means, and by this combination of parts, I can simplify the
manufacture of such casements, and frames, and render the same more effective and
weather proof than by the methods hitherto in use.
Dated this 14th day of March 1895.
Improvements in the Construction of Window Casements and
Frames.
I WILLIAM MARSHALL of Number 10 Parade Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in.
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved construction of wrought iron or other
Pin27

page_text: metallic casements in combination with wood mullions or frames, and consists of
novel modifications of the metallic parts and of the wood mullions or frames for
the same.
The object of my invention is to simplify the manufacture of such casements
and frames and render the same more effective and weather proof than by the
methods hitherto in use.
I will now proceed to fully describe my invention.
In the two accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter
referred to
Fig. 1. Sheet 1 is a vertical section of a metallic casement and wood frame to a
scale of about full size constructed in accordance with my invention, the frame
being shewn as broken through for convenience in drawing.
Fig. 2. Sheet 2 is a horizontal section of same, to which the same remarks refer.
Fig. 3. Sheet 2. is an elevation of a portion of same with the casement removed
to shew special parts.
The same letters of reference apply to corresponding parts in all the figures.
In Figures 1 and 2. A. is the head of the wood frame B. the sill and C. C. the
jambs or mullions. D is the wrought iron or other metallic casement which is
hinged to the wood frame in the ordinary way. The top bar d. of the casement is
of the section shewn or of an equivalent section either solid rolled or cast in
gun metal or other alloy. A shallow trough d is thus formed out of which any
water driven in escapes by one or more orifices d³ as shewn. The bottom bar is of
a similar section to that shewn at d as also the side bars d'. The outer flanges of
the casement when the latter is closed fit against the outer rabbit in the wood
frame as shewn.
On the face of the wood frame I form grooves as shewn at Fin the head fin the
sill and ff in the jambs to form the first set of weather checks or stops.
In the
space G. in the wood frame immediately surrounding the main bar of the casement
1 form one or more grooves g. to form further checks or weather stops and similar
grooves g² g² may be formed in the angle of the rabbits of the frame as shewn.
These grooves may be made of a semicircular or rectangular or other suitable
shape.
I also further provide and fix in the sill of the wood frame B. a metallic strip or
plate H almost touching the bar d' of the casement as shewn in Fig. 1. This may
be of plain rectangular section or feather edged or otherwise as may be preferred
and driven tight into a suitable groove, leaving a small space at one or both ends
for drainage.
In accordance with my invention also I attach by wood screws or otherwise to
the inside faces of the head, sill and jambs metallic or other weather bars, E. E.
as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2. In the improved section I use in my invention the
edges or sides of the bars against which the casement abuts when closed is bent
inwards as shewn at e. e. This has an advantage in saving too much cutting away
of the wood of the frame.
Equivalent or modified sections may be adapted without departing from my
invention. Plain feather edged bars may also be used in connection with my
invention in its other features.
The construction of the wood frame may obviously be easily adapted to case-
ments constructed in accordance with my invention for opening inwards as well as
outwards.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is ;
1. The construction of metallic casements as herein before described in com-
bination with wood frames also as herein before described with the object and
substantially as and for the purposes herein described and set forth.
2. The construction in the combined casement and frame of weather check
grooves and stops substantially as herein before described and set forth.

page_text: 3. The construction of metallic or other weather bars, E. E. against which the
casement abuts when closed of a bent section substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and set forth in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 14th day of December 1895.
WILLIAM MARSHALL.