Improvements in and relating to Piston Packing Rings.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Nov., 1592
Complete Specification Left. 4th Aug.. 1893-Accented. 9th Sept.. 1393
B
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Piston Packing Rings.
I, JAMES HARGREAVES, Engineer Providence Works, Cross Stamford Street,
Leeds, Yorks. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows: -
This invention has reference to improvements in & relating to metallic spring
packing rings for pistons of steam, compressed air or hydraulic engines, or for
buckets of air or water pumps, & which will be more simple in construction;
economical & effective in action than the piston packing rings heretofore in use.
The nature & novelty of my invention are as follows; The spring parking
consists of four cast iron, gun-metal or steel rings, the two outer ones being
V shaped in section, their outer diam., which is parallel with the axis of piston,
working against the barrel of the cylinder, & their inner diam., which is conical,
bearing against the outer diam. of the inner rings; the outer rings are made some-
what larger in diam. than the barrel of cylinder, a segment of their circumference
being subsequently cut out to admit of their being brought into position; a suitable
tongue is fitted at joint to prevent escape of steam, air &c.
The two inner rings are also V shaped in section, their outer diam. being conical,
of the same angle as the inner diam. of the outer rings & bearing against same;
their inner diam. is parallel with axis of piston. Between the two inner rings, &
recessed equally into each, & placed so as to operate, laterally, is a series of hard
brass, or steel, spiral springs, these springs being under compression when the
packing is in its normal position.
Dated this Twenty-first day of November 1892.
JAMES HARGREAVES...
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Piston Packing Rings.
I, JAMES HARGREAVES, Engineer, of Providence Works, Cross Stamford
Street, Leeds, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying sheet of drawings
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to improvements in & relating to metallic spring
packing rings & their fittings for pistons of steam, compressed air or hydraulic
engines & for buckets of air & water pumps & for piston valves & which will be
more simple in construction, economical & efficient in action than the piston packing
rings heretofore in use.
And in order that my said invention, & the manner of carrying the same into
effect, may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended an explanatory sheet
of drawings in which the same reference letters are used to indicate corresponding
parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation, half in section, of a piston aud piston cover P & P¹
as fitted with my improvements relating to the spring packing rings A B & A¹ B¹.
Z Z, Z' Z' represent the walls of the cylinder in which the piston & piston cover P
& P are represented as being fitted.
Fig. 2. is a section through Fig. 1 on the line X X & shows the two lower
rings A B in position, with the two upper rings A B removed.
Fig. 3 illustrates the method of jointing the two inner rings B B' when made in
halves as hereinafter described.

page_text: Fig. 4. shows an enlarged sectional view of the inner rings B B at the line LL
in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 shows an enlarged sectional view of the inner rings B B₁ at the line K K
in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 shows side & end views of the spiral springs for inserting in the recesses
marked C in Figs. 1, 3 & 5, these springs being either ciroular as at S or oval as
at R in Fig. 6 or of any convenient form..
Referring to these drawings:-
The two outer rings A Aare of the section shown in Fig. 1being on their
outer diam. parallel with the axis of the piston & on their inner diam. conical as
shown;
these two rings are ent-open obliquely as shown at O O Fig: 1 & a portion
removel to allow of their being compressed into the barrel of the cylinder.
The two inner-rings B Bare of the form shown in Figs. 2, 4 & 5; on their
inner diam. they are parallel with the axis of the piston & on their outer diam.
conical as shown & of the same angle as the inner diam. of the outer rings A A'.
On the inner fare of the rings B B there are formed series of bosses which are
equidistant round the whole of the circumference of the rings; in these bosses are
formed circular or oval shaped recesses as shown at C. in Figs. 1, 3 & 5, corre-
sponding reces es being placed opposite to each other in the two rings BB, &.in
these recesses, entering each ring equally, are inserted the steel or hard brass spiral
springs show at S & R in Fig. 6, these springs being under compression by the
rings B B when in their normal position as shown in Fig 1.
-
The inner rings B Bare of the same diam. internally as the body of the
piston P, so that when the piston cover P is removed they will freely. slide on or
off; they may be made of any suitable metal & either whole or in parts; if made
in-parts they may be jointed as at D in Fig. 3.
The action of my invention as above described in detail is as follows:-
The series of spiral springs S Fig. 1 operating laterally on the two rings B B'
tend to force them outward & while the inner diams. of B B, being parallel, slide
freely on the piston body P, their outer diams. being conical, or wedge shaped,
force out & expand the outer rings A A¹ & so make a steam tight joint between A A¹
& the walls of the cylinder Z Z Z' Z¹.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The construction or arrangement & combination of the parts of piston packing
rings consisting of two outer & two inner conical rings, made of any suitable
material or metal, together with a series of spiral springs, either round or oval
or of any convenient shape, inserted in a series of recesses in the inner conical
rings.
2. The disposal of the series of spiral springs between the inner conical rings in
-such a manner as to force the inner conical rings apart.
3. Tlie arrangement of the inner conical rings in such a position that when
forced apart by the series of springs their outer diameter shall press against the
inner diameter of tlie outer conical rings. & cause them to expand & press: against
the walls of the cylinder, substantially as herein described in reference to & shown
in the accompanying drawings...
Dated this Third day of August 1893.