Improvements in Burners for Incandescence Oil Lamps.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Burners for Incandescence Oil Lamps.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of Birkbeck Bank Chambers, Southampton Buildings, Chan-
cery Lane, in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention (as communicated to me from abroad by Herren
Kuhnt & Deissler, of Alexander Strasse, 38, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany),
to be as follows:-
The many attempts that have been made to produce an effective burner for
incandescence oil or petroleum lamps have mostly been unsuccessful because with
the very sensitive blue flame produced, which is affected by the slightest draught
or change of temperature. it has been impossible to prevent the smoking of
the flame, and the blacking of the mantle, nor could a high flame be obtained,
such as is necessary for causing the mantle to glow to the required height; and
also for preventing the shrinking together of the mantle beyond the part which is
under the influence of the flame.
In the attempts heretofore made, the blue flame was forcibly directed against
the mantle, causing it to glow at this point, and as far as the action of the heat
extended the glowing was ensured; but the parts of the mantle above that point
shrank together and also caused a deformation of the glowing portion of the
mantle.
The present invention has for its object to provide against this.
The several elements employed in carrying out the invention are well known,
and have been used in numerous combinations, and the present improvement only
relates to a definite combination of such parts, determined by the following
feature, the combined action of which alone produces the desired effect.
1..Two caps are employed, the outer reaching beyond the inner one, so as to
effect the cylindrical restriction of the flame and to ensure the central position
of the mantle.
2. Within the inner wick tube is provided a flame deflector tube of reduced
diameter, having at about the middle of its height a cap shaped outer flange
that acts as flame deflector.
3. The said flame deflector tube has above the said flange several rows of per-
forations, through which the air required for the combustion of the vapours given
off from the wick issues in several stages, entering consecutively into combustion
with the vapours, and thereby distributing the resulting flame which is directed
outwards against the mantle over a greater surface, so as to prevent the shrinking
together of the mantle.
The improvements will be described with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the burner and parts in connection therewith,
Fig. 2 is a plan, Fig. 3 is a section at X X, and Fig. 4 is a section on the line AB.
aa are the inner and outer wick tubes; b is the wick, c, d, the two caps, with
holes at their bottoms for the entrance of air to the space between the two
caps and to the space outside the outer cap, this supply being necessary to prevent

page_text: outward bulging of the mantle towards the lamp glass. These two air currents
are designated by the arrows 5 and 6. In addition to these there is also the air
current 4 passing between the wick and the inner cap.
The air currents 1 which first branch off from the supply passing through the
inner space of the wick tube at the shoulder when the Hame deflector tube is
decreased in diameter, and which pass upward in contact with the inner wick
tube, feed the flame on the inner side of the wick, are always intersected by the
outwardly directed air currents 2 which pass out through the perforations of the
reduced part of the flame deflector tube, towards the outer surface of the wick.
The combustible vapours generated pass partly to the outside through the open-
ings o, and partly re-enter the interior of the perforated tube in order to issue
again with air through the rows of holes above the flange f¹ where they enter into
complete combustion, raising the mantle to incandescence to a considerable height
above the cap.
The flame deflector tube consists of a lower portion e by which it is fixed in the
wick tube, the portion e¹ e² of reduced diameter, the flame deflector flange f' and
the holes in the different parts of the tube. Several rows of holes are provided
above the flange f¹ for the purpose above mentioned.
The action of the burner is as follows:-There are produced several different
combustions, the first combustion is effected on the inner edge of the wick by the
air currents 1, and partly by the air currents 2. This is the feeding flame.
Vapours generated at the top of the wick pass unburnt between the cap and
the flange f. A portion of these vapours also passes inwards through the holes i
in order to issue again with air through the holes above f¹; within the flame
deflector tube these vapours mix with the air supply and ignite on issuing from
the hot tube above the flange f¹, producing complete combustion, supported by
the air currents 4 and 5.
Dated this 24th day of May 1898
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Burners for Incandescence Oil Lamps.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of Birkbeck Bank Chambers, Southampton Buildings, Chan
cery Lane, in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention (as communicated to me from abroad by Herren
Kuhnt & Deissler, of Alexander Strasse, 38, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany),
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The many attempts that have been made to produce an effective burner for
incandescence oil or petroleum lamps have mostly been unsuccessful because with
the very sensitive blue flame produced, which is affected by the slightest draught
or change of temperature it has been impossible to prevent the smoking
of the flame, and the blacking of the mantle, nor could a high flame be obtained,
such as is necessary for causing the mantle to glow to the required height; and
also for preventing the shrinking together of the mantle beyond the part which is
under the influence of the flame.
In the attempts heretofore made, the blue flame was forcibly directed against
the mantle, causing it to glow at this point and as far as the action of the heat
extended the glowing was ensured; but the parts of the mantle above that point
shrank together and also caused a deformation of the glowing portion of the
mantle.

page_text: The present invention has for its object to provide against this.
The several elements employed in carrying out the invention are well known
and have been used in numerous combinations, and the present improvement only
relates to a definite combination of such parts determined by the following
feature, the combined action of which alone produces the desired effect.
1. Two caps are employed, the outer reaching beyond the inner one So as to
effect the cylindrical restriction of the flame and to ensure the central position
of the mantle.
2. Within the inner wick tube is provided a flame deflector tube of reduced
diameter, having at about the middle of its height a cap shaped outer flange
that acts as flame deflector.
3. The said flame deflector tube has above the said flange several rows of per-
forations, through which the air required for the combustion of the vapours given
off from the wick issues in several stages, entering consecutively into combustion
with the vapours, and thereby distributing the resulting flame which is directed
against the mantle over a greater surface so as to prevent the shrinking
together of the mantle.
The improvements will be described with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the burner and parts in connection therewith,
Fig. 2 is a plan, Fig. 3 is a section at X X and Fig. 4 is a section on the line A B.
a a are the inner and outer wick tubes; b is the wick, c, d, the two caps, with
holes cd at their bottoms for the entrance of air to the space between the two
caps and to the space outside the outer cap, this supply being necessary to prevent
outward bulging of the mantle towards the lamp glass. These two air currents
are designated by the arrows 5 and 6. In addition to these there is also the air
current 4 passing between the wick and the inner cap.
The air currents 1 which first branch off from the supply passing through the
inner space f of the wick tube at the shoulder when the flame deflector tube is
decreased in diameter and which pass upward in contact with the inner wick
tube feed the flame on the inner side of the wick, are always intersected by the
outwardly directed air currents 2 which pass out through the perforations of the
reduced part of the flame deflector tube, towards the outer surface of the wick.
The combustible vapours generated pass partly to the outside through the open-
ings and partly re-enter the interior of the perforated tube in order to issue
again with air current 3 through the rows of holes above the flange f' where they
enter into complete combustion, raising the mantle to incandescence to a consider-
able height above the cap.
The flame deflector tube consists of a lower portion e by which it is fixed in the
wick tube, the portion e¹ e² of reduced diameter, the flame deflector flange f¹ and
the holes in the different parts of the tube. Several rows of holes are provided
above the flange f¹ for the purpose above mentioned.
The action of the burner is as follows. There are produced several different
combustions, the first combustion is effected on the inner edge of the wick by the
air currents 1, and partly by the air currents 2. This is the feeding
flame. Vapours generated at the top of the wick pass unburnt between
the cap and the flange fl. A portion of these vapours also passes
inwards through the holes i in order to issue again with air through
the holes above f¹, within the flame deflector tube these vapours mix
with the air supply and ignite on issuing from the hot tube above the flange f¹,
producing complete combustion, supported by the air currents 4 and 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a burner for an incandescence oil lamp the combination with two caps
such as c, d, of a central tube such as e e¹ e² having its lower part e fitting within

page_text: the inner wick tube while the upper part e¹ e2 is of reduced diameter projecting
above the wick tube carrying an external flame deflector flange such as f¹ and
above this having rows of holes through which combustible vapours rising from
the wick issue and by their combustion extend the height of the burner flame
substantially as described.
2. In a burner such as is referred to in the first claim, providing holes in the
shoulder of the central tube connecting the parts e and e¹ for passage of an upward
current of air in contact with the inner wick tube substantially as described.
3. An incandescence petroleum burner so constructed that the flame is supplied
with and subjected to air currents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of which currents 1 and 2 pass
through the perforations of the central tube below the flame spreader, current 3
passes through the perforations of the tube above the flame spreader, while cur-
rents 4, 5 and 6 pass outside, the wick between the two caps and outside the outer
cap respectively, substantially as described.
4. In an incandescene oil burner a central air tube of diameter less than the
inner wick tube so as to provide an annular passage for air between it and the
wick tube such central air tube having a flame spreading flange at some height
above the wick, an extension above the flange and perforations in its sides both
above and below the flange for in and out passage of air and combustible vapour
serving by their combustion to increase the height of the flame substantially as
described.
Dated this 16th day of Walmary 1800
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.