New or Improved Machinery for Facing and Turning or Chamfering Screw Nuts.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Jan., 1890-Accepted 19th July, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Machinery for Facing and Turning or Chamfering
Screw Nuts.
I, PHILIPPE KOCH, Manufacturer, of Neuss, Germany, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a machine for facing screw nuts with accuracy and
rapidity. The principal features of novelty are a special contrivance for imparting
motion to the cutter slide, a contrivance for releasing the finished nuts, and an
appliance by means of which the nuts to be faced or turned receive a suitable position
in case their face is not exactly perpendicular to the thread opening (or axis of the
screw).
In the following description, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 to 10, in which Fig. 1 is a front view, Fig. 2 a plan, Fig. 4 a rear view, and
Fig. 5 a cross section of a machine embodying my invention.
i
The cutter slide a is movable, not only sideways, but also forward, being mounted
on the longitudinally movable slide b.
The motion in both directions is produced by the lever c, which is mounted on the
axle d carrying in front the disc e with the crank pin f. To the latter is attached
the connecting rod g connected with the slide a by means of a hinge-joint h. If now
the axle d is turned by means of the lever c, the slide, together with the cutters m, m',
is moved past the screw nut i to be operated upon, thus facing the nut which revolves
with the pin k. The turning of the faces of the nut must proceed from the centre
(that is from the thread opening towards the edge); because, if the cutter moves in
the opposite direction, there remains a ridge in the thread opening, which must be
removed by a separate appliance. In order, that the cutter, when situated on the
side, may be placed in the centre of the nut, without bringing the nut in contact with
the cutters during this motion, I have adopted the following device.
The slide b is provided with a nose or projection n, which touches the lever o
pivoted to the machine stand. The lever is connected with the rod r which rests on
the shaft d and carries two downward projections or detents; brought in contact
with the cam d¹ of the shaft during the revolution of the latter. If the slide is
moved to the other side by lifting the lever c, so that the cutter will be placed in the
centre of the nut, the tooth or cam d¹ meets the detent r¹, and the rod is shifted in
such a manner, that the lever o comes in contact with the nose n, whereby the slide
carrying the cutters is moved forward.
If now the lever is again pressed down, the cutter, while moving sideways, will
meet the revolving nut i, and the latter will thereby be faced.
When the lever c has been pressed down far enough, to propel the cutter past the
nut, the cam d¹ meets the projection ³, whereby the lever o is again drawn off the
projection n.
Now, as the slide b is influenced by the spring p, it recedes again with the cutter,
so that the latter is-allowed to pass the fresh screw nut which has been fixed in
position.
If it is required, to round off the edges or to chamfer the nut after its face has
been turned, I mount on the slide a, in addition to the cutter m, a cutter m² in an
oblique position. For this operation, the cutters are moved towards the nut instead
of moving from the axis or hole of the nut towards its side. In order that the work
is performed during the down motion, and not during the up motion, of the lever,
the crank pin is so applied to the disc e, that in the highest position of the lever, the
crank pin is situated on the far side of the disce (that is, furthest from the machine).
On the lever being depressed, the crank pin moves towards the machine by describing

page_text: the lower half of its circular path (see arrow ¹ Fig. 7) while for turning the nut faces.
flat, the travel of the crank pin f is as indicated in Fig. 6 by arrow z.
For
chamfering the edges, m is placed so, that it continues to act by taking off a very thin
chip, in order to smoothen the nut, while the oblique cutter m' takes the edge off
the nut.
After the edge has been turned off, the tooth d¹ meets the projection r², (Fig. 5)
and thereby produces the return motion of the cutter slide in the manner already
described, and at the same time causes the cutters m and m¹ to recede a little from
⚫ the nut.
.
r
.
If now the lever c, which comes into contact with the spring c³, is pressed further
.down and the spring bent back, the obliquely placed cutter m meets the nut again,
but with a different part of the cutting edge, so as to take off a very thin chip and
render the edges smooth.
If the lever c is then raised again, the tooth d' will come in contact with the
projection and thereby cause the lever o to turn again, so that the cutter slide is
again moved forward.
In order to release the finished nut from the pin k provided with a screw thread,
I have so arranged the driving shaft connected with the pin k!, that it can be moved
to the left. If during the left hand rotation, the lever arm s, Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, is
pressed against the nut, the latter is prevented from turning, and consequently
detached from the pin k which continues to revolve and has a right hand screw-thread.
The nut now falls off.. The levers is pressed against the nuts automatically, when
the shaft is caused to revolve to the left by means of the disengaging lever t.
For this purpose, I employ the following device :-
The belt pulleys u u¹ of the counter shaft carry a direct and a crossed belt, so that
one pulley is turned to the right and the other to the left. Both pulleys are loose on
their axle, but may be coupled with the same by means of the movable friction discs
or cones ² arranged as usual. Now, if the lever is turned in the direction of
the arrow, Fig. 2, the left turning disc u is set in action, because the rod t'
turns the disengaging rod v provided with the crank v, together with the disengaging
fork v².
On the disengaging rod vl is mounted a disengaging arm w, (as shown in Figs. 2, 4
and 5) which is connected with the lever s below the fulcrum of the latter, so that
by the turning of the arm w the levers is pressed at the top against the nut, thus
releasing the latter..
If now the disengaging lever t is turned back again, the rod v¹ with the arm w is
again turned, so that the lever s, provided with the weight s recedes. If the nuts
are not straight and the oblique face rests at the back against a fixed disc, the nut
will generally press itself oblique on the pin k, and will consequently be operated
upon obliquely.
To avoid this drawback, I have adopted the construction shown in Figs. 8 to 10.
The bolt carrying the nut to be operated upon, is provided with a rounded head x.
On the latter rests the suitably hollowed out washer or disc x¹. If now a nut is put
on, which is one-sided towards the back, the disc presses itself oblique (see Fig. 10),
thus avoiding that the nut to be operated upon will itself be pressed oblique.
Having now particularly described the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare, that I claim :-
1. The mechanism for imparting the required to and fro motion to the cutters
which serve for facing the nuts, comprising in its construction a lever or slide o,
a cam or tooth d¹ formed on the slide-operating shaft d and adapted to move the lever
to and fro at the required time, and a detent n formed on the slide and adapted to
come in contact with the lever o, substantially as described.
2. .The method or means for releasing the nut, secured to the cam k by a screw
thread, which consists in applying pressure on the nut by a levers and then turning
the pin k backward, substantially as described.
3. The combination of the lever s, with an arm w mounted on the disengaging

page_text: rod which controls or reverses the motion of the pin k, for the purpose of
automatically applying or releasing the lever s, substantially as described.
4. The means for preventing oblique nuts from being pressed obliquely, which
consist in applying behind the screw bolt k, a rounded head x in combination with a.
correspondingly concave washer which serves as a support for the nut to be operated
upon and is capable of assuming an oblique position, substantially as described.
Dated this 1st day of January 1890.
PHILIPPE KOCH.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London, Agents..