matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Improvements in Picking Motions for Looms for Weaving Narrow Goods.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th June, 1893-Accepted, 22nd July, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Picking Motions for Looms for Weaving
Narrow Goods.
We, WILSON AND LONGBOTTOM LIMITED and GEORGE FAIRCLOUGH, _a.
member of the said Firm, of Nelson Foundry, Barnsley, Machine Makers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our improvements relate to new mechanism employed in operating the picking
motion of looms used in weaving narrow goods such as shown in our Patent
No. 358588 by which a more regular and easier motion is obtained with less friction,
wear, and tear.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1. is a front elevation of part of linen loom with my invention applied for
weaving four widths of cloth.
Fig. 2. is end view of my improved driving mechanism for driving picking motion
of same.
A is the frame of the loom.
B are the slay swords.
C is the fly slay board or shuttle race.
Dare the shuttles.
E is a double tappet on tappet shaft.
E' is a pair of treddles operated by tappets E.
E is the treddle heel or pivot.
E is chain upon small pulley H, connected to treddles E.
E' is a large pulley upon the bracket F attached to the slay of the loom, upon
the boss of the large pulley is fixed the small pulley H, upon the large pulley is
the endless chain F, which passes over guide or grooved pulley G at the opposite
side of the loom, which is carried in an adjustable bracket by the sword arm B, the
chain F is connected to the shuttle carrier J, by projection G, D are the
shuttles in position, L are the reed spaces, M are the backs of the shuttle
boxes.
The action is as follows:-
The tappets as they revolve give a reciprocating motion to the chain E³ and
to the pulleys E2, E, and chain F', which is connected to the shuttle carrier J,
by the projection G', so operating the shuttles as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
For operating the picking motions of looms for weaving narrow goods, tappet E,
treddles E', chain E³, pulleys H, E and G, chain or band connected to the shuttle
carrier or rod, as and for the purposes shown and described.
Dated this Ninth day of June 1893.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Royal Exchange Chambers,
Boar Lane, Leeds, and Crossley Street, Halifax,
Patent Agent for the Applicants.
An Improvement in Whips.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 29th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
An Improvement in Whips..
WILLIAM STOKES UPTON EDWARD ROBERT UPTON ALFRED CHARLES
UPTON (W. Upton & Sons) Whip Manufacturers 276 Mile End Road, London, E.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
A duplex steel and leather combination keeper to whips of all descriptions and
styles of manufacture, wherein a keeper is used for the purpose of uniting the
thong to the stock. Also being an improvement of Patent No. 2315 of 1892 Steel-
lined Whips; the steel keeper being of one piece with the steel core and being
carried throughout the entire length of stock.
Dated this 10th day of August 1893.
WILLIAM STOKES UPTON.
EDWARD ROBERT UPTON.
ALFRED CHARLES UPTON.
An Improvement in whips.
We WILLIAM STOKES UPTON, EDWARD ROBERT UPTON, and ALFRED
CHARLES UPTON, all residing at 276 Mile End Road London Middlesex
Wholesale Whip Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our present invention is designed to provide a cheap and reliable keeper for
connecting the thong of a whip to the stock, being an improvement upon our
Patent No. 2315 A.D. 1892.
-
But in order that our invention may be better understood we will now refer to
the accompanying sheet of drawings which are to be taken as part of this
Specification and read therewith.
Figure 1, is a perspective view of a portion of the stock and also the thong,
connected together by the keeper, and Figure 2, shews the keeper lining.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts where they occur in
both views.
Now our improvement consists in extending the steel core (A) to a sufficient
height above the stock (B) and then bending it over to form the loop (C) which
provides the ordinary leather keeper (D) with a lining, so as to make it more
durable.
An aperture is made in said keeper (D) to admit of one end of the thong (E)
being inserted through it, and also the loop, and then fastened in the usual
manner..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is,
The combination
1
DI

page_text: substantially as and for the purposes herein described and as illustrated in our
-drawings.
Dated 29th day of June 1894.
W. D. ROWLINGSON,
67—69, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agent for Applicants.
Improvements in Joints for Rails.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 27th May. 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints for Rails.
I, ARTHUR JAMES MOXHAM, Engineer, of Johnstown, in the County of
Cambria, and State of Pennsylvania. United States of America, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention aud in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to means of jointing together two lengths of rail, as I shall
describe referring to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section of a rail with end elevation of a rail joint according
to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation shewing parts of two rails jointed together.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line X X of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a transverse section of rail with end elevation of a modified joint.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the fish pieces detached.
A are contiguous rails, each having a web a. B are fish pieces each having two
projections b, which projections when the fish pieces are in position, one on each
side of the rails, are welded to the rail webs a to form an integral union of the
parts, the fish pieces spanning the joint.
As shewn in Figs. 4 and 5, each rail A' has at its end a support C, preferably
welded to it, the support having a web c. Two fish pieces B are welded to the
webs of the rails above the supports and two other fish pieces B are welded to the
webs of the supports below the rails.
Obviously the invention can be applied to many forms of rail other than those
shewn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A rail joint consisting of two fish pieces having projections welded to the
webs of the rails, substantially as described.
2. A rail joint consisting of four fish pieces made integral with the webs of the
rails and the webs of their end supports, substantially as described.
Dated this 25th day of April 1893.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
A New or Improved Medicament for Human Use.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Medicament for Human Use.
We, GEORGE FENTON, and SARAH ELLEN FENTON, of 11 Brixton Road,
London S.W., in the County of Middlesex, trading together as Fenton and Co.
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to a new or improved combination of pharmaceutical
substances or materials to be employed in the alleviation of pains in the human
system, arising from inflamation of the neuralgic, lumbar or sciatic nerves, or in other
words for removing rheumatism from the system wherever located, and by reason of
the said medicament being for internal use only, and possessing the properties of
freely mingling with the blood circulation, it reaches the seat of the disease
wherever this may be. We prepare and use the said medicament as follows.
To 24 grains by weight or thereabouts of sulphate of quinine, and 1 fluid drams
or thereabouts of tincture of iron, we add a fluid dram or thereabouts of a solution
composed of one part of muriatic acid and seven parts or thereabouts of pure water,
to which we add a suitable quantity of any kind of simple and preferably colourless
syrup to please the palate, which may be that of an ounce or thereabouts, and to
the whole we add a sufficient quantity of a saturated solution of camphor in water to
form an eight ounce mixture, and when these have been well shaken and intimately
mixed together, one tablespoonful may be taken internally as a dose for an adult
person, or less if for a child of tender years, according to circumstances, and if
necessary (which will seldom occur except in long standing or obstinate cases) the
dose may be repeated every three hours.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that, what we
claim is.
In an improved medicament for internal use, for the removal of rheumatic pains
in the human system, the employment of the herein described combination of
materials in the proportions stated or thereabouts, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 14th day of December 1893.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in Joints or Sockets for Soil and other Lead Pipes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1893-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints or Sockets for Soil and other Lead Pipes.
I, THOMAS SMITH, of Nos. 21 and 22, Sheep Street, Bicester, in the County of
Oxfordshire, Sanitary Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved joint or socket for soil and other lead pipes,
and has for its object to provide a joint cast in one piece with the strip designed to
fix the pipes, united thereby to a wall or other support, which has not hitherto been
obtainable.
And in order that my invention may be better understood, I have shewn the
same in the accompanying drawing in which
Fig. 1. is a plan of my improved socket or joint with its strap,
Fig. 2. is a plan of two pipes joined by means of this improved socket, and
Fig. 3. a side view of the socket or joint and strap.
My improved socket or joint A consists of a short cylindrical tube formed with
two convex rings R. R¹, with a vertical bar C and with a longitudinal strap S of
the shape shewn in the drawings or of any other convenient shape and designed to
fix the said socket or joint and the pipes united thereby to a wall by means of nails
driven through the holes h h¹.
The whole of the above parts is cast in an iron mould furnished with a core
arranged centrally therein.
As shewn in Fig. 2 the two pipes P. P₁ are united by the socket or joint A the
pipe P reaching as far as the convex ring R' and the two pipes being sweated
therein.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is
A socket or joint for lead pipes consisting of a short tube, two convex rings, a
vertical bar and a strap perforated at each extremity formed in one single casting
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 13th day of July 1893.
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Composition for use as Size or an Adhesive Cement.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1893—Accepted, 1st Apr., 189€
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Composition for use as Size or an Adhesive Cement.
I, HERBERT JAMES SEDWAY, of 32 Imperial Buildings, Ludgate Circus.
London, E.C. England, Patentee, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
That by the grinding together of gum tragacanth and tapioca in equal pro-
portions, and boiling the same in water up to about 70° Faht., and then by adding
about 50 per cent. of gum hog and an equal part of starch, the two latter ingredients
to be separately introduced in the process of boiling to a degree of heat varying
from 70 to 120 Faht., I am able to produce a substance, stronger, cleaner, more
economical, easier to work, and superior to any hitherto known, greatly needed by
manufacturers of silk and cotton materials, calico printers, book-binders, hat and
boot makers, &c., for improving the quality of their productions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. The discovery of the utility of the said ingredients for the purposes above
stated.
2. Their compounding in the manner adopted by me for producing the desired
results.
3. The superiority of the article, its economical use, and the saving of labour.
Dated this 9th day of January 1893.
H. J. SEDWAY.
Improved Composition for Firelighters.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 25th Feb., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Composition for Firelighters.
I, JOHN MORLEY 232ª York Road, King's Cross, in the County of London,
Firelighter-maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved composition for firelighters.
The said improved composition consists of resin, pine saw-dust, pulverized
coal, granulated coal, and petroleum, mixed in substantially the following pro-
portions, viz.
46 lbs resin
"
28 pine sawdust
15 pulverized coal
10
"
"granulated coal
1 petroleum.
"
The resin is first melted by heat, and the other ingredients are mixed together
and then incorporated with the resin, and while in a plastic state the compound is
pressed into moulds to produce sticks or blocks of the desired pattern for use.
The pine sawdust is used dry and being very bulky has great absorbing power.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved composition for firelighters consisting of the ingredients herein set
forth, compounded in substantially the proportions specified.
Dated this 11th day of January 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Baths suitable for Cottages and the like
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1894
Baths suitable for Cottages and the like.
FREDERICK CHARLES HODGKINSON Surveyor Local Board Offices Ashton-in-
Makerfield Lancashire. I the undersigned do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The provision of a bath fixed at or below the level of the ordinary kitchen,
scullery or washhouse boiler, so as to obtain by gravitation a supply of hot water
from pipes connected with any or all the boilers in the kitchen, scullery, or wash-
house to the bath aforesaid.
Dated this Fifteenth day of May One thousand eight hundred and ninety-
Baths suitable for Cottages and the like.
FREDERICK CHARLES HODGKINSON Surveyor Local Board Offices Ashton-in-
Makerfield Lancashire. I the undersigned do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the provision of a bath supplied with hot water
suitable for cottages and the like. The bath may be placed in any convenient
position but must be at such a level as to obtain by gravitation a supply of hot
water from pipes connected with any or all the (ordinary or specially large) boilers
in the kitchen, scullery, washhouse or other domestic office.
. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
The provision of a bath suitable for cottages and the like supplied with hot water
by gravitation as hereinbefore described.
D
L 3 100t
F. C. HODGKINSON.
Skate Blade
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1893—Accepted, 11th Nov., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Skate Blade.
PHILIP JAMES LUNTLEY Junior 3 Dybdale Terrace South Cliff Scarborough..
I do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
To increase the facility & comfort of skaters in general. It can be made-
either in three pieces or in one; if in three pieces the two sides are first made
then the centre & welded together if in one the heel is made & then grooved
half an inch up the centre of the keel; leaving the face edges various widths-
to suit different styles of skating.
One great benefit is that they never require grinding.
Dated this 7th day of January 1893
PHILIP JAMES LUNTLEY, JUNIOR.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Skate Blade.
I PHILIP JAMES LUNTLEY Junior, of 3 Dybdale Terrace, South Cliff,
Scarborough, in the County of York Musician do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a skate blade, the object being to so improve the
same that a person can skate more safely, and at the same time obtain greater
speed than is possible when using skate blades of the ordinary construction; to
attain which I construct my improved blade substantially as illustrated in the
accompanying sheet of drawings which are to be taken as part of this Specification
and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved blade attached to an ordinary
wood top.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross sectional elevation taken on line a a of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 is an inverted plan of same.
Similar letters of reference denote corresponding parts in each view.
The blade B is preferably made in three pieces, 6¹ and 63, the pieces 6¹ being
rivetted welded.or other-wise secured to the tapered or knife blade formed centre
piece 62, and the said centre piece 62 may be made of cheaper metal than the
sides b', or it may be of the same material, and it is of less depth than said sides as
shown at Fig. 2.
The side blades or pieces b¹ may have perforations or openings at 6³ to allow the
snow to pass out.
My improved blade may be arranged as shown at Fig. 1 so as to be secured to
the top C of skate in a well known manner, or it may be arranged to be applied to
any other form of skate top.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1. In a skate blade, the combination of two side blades or pieces 61 secured to or
made with a knife blade formed centre piece 62, the underside of said centre piece
being above the working parts of the side blades b' substantially as described and.
illustrated.

page_text: the
2. A skate blade substantially as described and illustrated at Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of
accompanying drawings or any mere modification thereof.
Dated this 7th day of October 1893.
H. F. BOUGHTON, M.I. Mech. E.,
Sheffield, Agent.
Process and Means for Obtaining Color Leaf which can be used in the same way as Gold Leaf for Blocking and like Purposes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Process and Means for Obtaining Color Leaf which can be used in
the same way as Gold Leaf for Blocking and like Purposes.
HERMANN ERNST 112, Roepenickerstrasse Berlin, S.O. Germany, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Process for obtaining color leaf which can be employed in the same way as for
instance metal or gold leaf for blocking on card board etc., which is performed by
pouring a mixture of 70 to 75% of colodium (of 2%) solution and oil color
(25 to 30%) on a polished surface and loosening the formed thin leaves when
perfectly dry.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
Improvements in Tobacco Pipe Plugs.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tobacco Pipe Plugs.
I, JOHN WALLWORK, ASHWORTH, of Thornbank, 114 Heaton Moor Road,
Heaton Chapel, near Stockport, in the County of Lancashire, Physician and
Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to plugs for use in tobacco pipes, its object being to afford
the complete combustion of the tobacco to simple ash, and the absorption of the
nicotine, oil and tarry matters, thereby rendering the smoke mild, cool and sweet
in the mouth.
According to this invention I construct a plug of approximately conical shape
the larger end being hollowed to form a deep cavity. The bottom of this cavity
communicates with the exterior of the plug by means of a number of small
perforations extending diagonally through the side walls of the plug and opening
on the outer side of the same near its larger end. This plug is made of pipeclay,
terra-cotta or other suitable absorbent material and its larger end is made of a
suitable diameter to fit snugly within the bowl of the pipe in which it is placed
with the larger end uppermost. In this position the perforations of the plug
extend diagonally upwards. The smoke passes upwards through these perforations
into the space between the plug and the bowl and then downwards to the bottom
of the latter and out of the stem in the usual manner.
Dated this 27th day of February 1893
CASTLE SMITH,
Invention " Office, 54, Fleet Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Tobacco Pipe Plugs.
I, JOHN WALLWORK ASHWORTH, of Thorn Bank, 114 Heaton Moor Road,
Heaton Chapel, near Stockport, in the County of Lancashire, Physician and
Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
According to this invention I construct a plug of approximately conical shape
the larger end being hollowed to form a deep cavity.
The bottom of this cavity communicates with the exterior of the plug by means
of a number of small perforations extending diagonally through the side walls of
the plug and opening on the outer side of the same near its larger end. This
plug is made of pipeclay, terra-cotta, or other suitable material, and its larger end
is made of a suitable diameter to fit snugly within the bowl of the pipe in which
it is placed with the larger end uppermost. In this position the perforations of
the plug extend diagonally upwards. The smoke passes upwards through these
perforations into the space between the plug and the bowl of the pipe and then
downwards to the bottom of the latter, and so out of the stem.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is :-
That the improved plug for tobacco pipes as herein described is new.
Dated this Twenty-second day of November 1893.
JOHN WALLWORK ASHWORTH.
Improvements in the Method of Keeping Cheque and Pass Books.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Keeping Cheque and Pass Books.
1, FREDERICK JOSEPH STOKES of 29, Bessborough Gardens, London, S.W.
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in the method of keeping cheque and pass.
books and consists in utilizing the inside of the cover of a cheque book or pass book.
for entering thereon in tabular or list form the particulars written on all the
counterfoils contained in the said book.
In the accompanying drawings
Figs. 1. and 2. show the manner of utilizing for the purpose above set forth the
inside of the cover, a cheque book and that of a pass book respectively.
The inside of the cover of the cheque book is ruled according to my invention
in the manner clearly shown in Fig. 1. there being six columns a. b. c. d. e. f. the
first of which contains the numbers of the cheques contained in the book as per
heading. Column contains the dates on which the cheques have been drawn
column c contains the names of the people to whom the cheques are paid and
columns def are cash columns for pounds, shillings and pence in which the various
amounts of the cheques are entered and totalled at the foot of the table as
shown. The entries made on the first three lines will suffice to explain the method
employed.
In Fig. 2. the ruling which applies to pass books is somewhat similar to that of
Fig. 1. there being however an extra column g. added to indicate whether the
cheque received is for goods sold or not. Columns & and c' are altered in this
case and contain the date when the cheques are received and the names of the
persons from whom they are received. Columns a¹ d¹e¹ and fare similar to
a de and f
The advantages of this method are obvious, as a further security will be obtained
which will considerably reduce the chances of errors while giving at a glance the
information which had to be hitherto obtained by searching carefully throughout
the counterfoils at a considerable loss of time, while as the number of the
cheques must naturally follow in sequence and all the lines must be filled up (their
number being exactly the same of that of the cheques contained in the book) no
omission can occur..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The improvements in the method of keeping cheques and pass books substantially
as herein described and shown and for the purpose set forth.
of Ontahan 1002
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
A Composition suitable for use in the Manufacture of Candles, Night Lights, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Composition suitable for use in the Manufacture of Candles,
Night Lights, and the like.
I, TIMOTHY SMITH KISSAM HAWXHURST, of 58 Front Street, in the City of
New York, County of New York, and State of New York, one of the United
States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of my invention is to provide an illuminant which will be in liquid
form when the lamp is in use, and which will immediately solidify when the lamp
is extinguished.
My composition consists of the following ingredients, combined by measure in the
proportions stated, viz. :
Fire test oil of 150°
Fire test oil of 300°
Alkanet root
Bleached sperm oil
Paraffine wax
-
one part.
one part.
in sufficient quantity to color.
one part.
-
one and one-half part.
In manufacturing the above-named illuminant, the 150° and the 300° fire test oil
are first put into a steam jacketed kettle together, and heated to 150° Fahrenheit.
The alkanet
The alkanet root is then added coloring the entire mass a deep red.
root, as is obvious, may be added to the contents of the kettle either prior to or
after the heating of the oils, as is desired, without departing from the spirit of the
invention. The entire composition is then passed through a fine strainer, and the
wax, which has previously been melted, is added to the mixture, with the bleached
sperm oil, and the entire mass thoroughly mixed. The whole is then allowed to
cool to 135° when it is poured into cans for shipment, which are gradually cooled
to a normal temperature, forming a solid.
By this means a solid wax-like compound is formed which melts when the lamp.
is burning and hardens when the light is put out and the lamp cools, and which
cannot possibly leak or be spilled from the lamp. This is a very desirable feature,
particularly for use in lamps for bicycles or other vehicles, which are being
0 continually jarred and jolted.
Another desirable feature of the compound is that it is the only composition
which may be used with the ordinary wick and burner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
5 claim is
1. The herein-described composition of matter to be used as an illuminant,
consisting of paraffine wax, bleached sperm oil, 150° fire test oil and 300° fire test
oil, in the proportions specified.
2. The herein-described composition of matter to be used as an illuminant,
40 consisting of paraffine wax, bleached sperm oil, alkanet root, 150° fire test oil and
300° fire test oil, in the proportions specified.
1000
Davcu uw day
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, Agent for Applicant.
An Improvement in Recessed Dies or Moulds for Stamping or Pressing.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 2nd June, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Recessed Dies or Moulds for Stamping
or Pressing.
I, ERNST HAMMESFAHR, of No. 7 Foche, Solingen, Germany, Manufacturer,.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
In making recessed dies or moulds for producing counter dies or moulds, or other
impressions by pressure, it is found that the air or gas which is contained in the
deeper parts of the die, is apt to become imprisoned by the metal or other material
onto which the die or mould is pressed, and in becoming compressed acts as a
cushion which prevents a sharp impression of such deep parts of the die from being
obtained on the metal. Such confined compressed air or gas also in some cases has
a tendency to split or crack the die or mould.
According to my present invention this defect is obviated by making such dies or
moulds with perforations at the recessed parts or at the deeper recessed parts, so-
that the air or gas imprisoned in such parts will be enabled to escape through such
perforations to the outer air.
On the accompanying drawing
Figs. 1 and 2 shew by way of example two arrangements for carrying out the
invention.
In the arrangement at Fig. 1 the die a has at the deepest point of its recess a
perforation b which communicates at its lower end with a transverse channel c
formed on the underside of the die which leads to the open air, so that the air
imprisoned in the recess can freely escape.
Or there may be formed a transverse passage through the body of the die
communicating with b, as indicated by the dotted lines d.
In the arrangement at Fig. 2, there being several deep recesses in the die a, a
perforation is provided at each of these, communicating with the channel cat
bottom.
The said air passages can either be made vertical or inclined and either straight
or otherwise formed, and they may either lead to cross channels as described or
they may lead directly to the open air at the sides of the die or mould.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Constructing recessed dies or moulds with perforations or channels leading to
the open air at the deeper or deepest parts of the recesses in order when stamping
or pressing to enable the air or gas imprisoned in such recesses to escape and thus
insure sharp impressions, and prevent the splitting or cracking of the die or
mould.
Dated this 14th dose of A 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
An Improvement in Bridge Flooring.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Bridge Flooring.
We, WILLIAM HENRY PANTON, of Dorman Long & Co. Limtd. General
Manager, at Middlesborough in the County of York and HENRY CROWE of
44 Southfield Road, Middlesborough in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to bridge flooring consisting of iron or steel plates rolled
in trough form and rivetted together at their edges, the trough mouths being
presented upwards and downwards alternately.
Various forms of such flooring are described in the Specification No. 2607 of
1882, the form shewn in Figs. 1 and 5 being generally preferred as it consists of
equal troughs for both its upper and lower members, and has the rivetted junction
of its members situated in the best position for strength.
It is to this form of bridge flooring that our invention applies as we shall
describe referring to the accompanying drawing which is a section shewing two of
the troughs rivetted together.
According to our invention, we roll each trough with the parts A, through which
the rivets pass, thicker than the inclined sides of which these parts form the
margins. By this thickening of the metal we compensate for the weakening due
to the rivet holes, and we also render the rivets less liable to be rocked and
loosened by thus imbedding them in a greater depth of metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
In bridge flooring, rolling the troughs constituting its members with their
margins thickened, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 27th day of October 1893.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.
A Closet-seat Cover or Lia.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th June, 1893-Accepted, 13th Jan., 1894
A Closet-seat Cover or Lia.
I, LOUIS SCHÖNFELD, Kaufmann, Escherstrasse 10, Hannover, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of this invention is a closet lid or cover consisting of two frames which
can be raised or lowered independently of one another.
Figure 1, is a section through the seat when closed.
Figure 2, is a plan of Figure 1.
Figure 3, is a perspective view showing one of my closet seat covers open.
Figure 4, is a similar view to Figure 3 showing the lid closed.
с
The lid or cover is formed of a board or piece which is arranged in the front
part of a framed which is secured to the seat e by a hinge c in such a manner that
when the closet is used for urining the board or piece takes up the urine which
has not run through the opening n in the rear part of the frame d and owing to its
peculiar form leads it into the closet pan. This frame d is closed by a cover or
lid b movable on the hinge f. Below the frame d is the ordinary closet seat e
which can never be soiled, being covered by the plate a and can only be used by
raising the frame d. The cover a may be provided inside. with a lining i which
covers the axis g of the lid a. The spring fixed to the frame d and guided by the
notch k of the lid a holds this lid by means of a tooth fixed to the spring land which
engages with the upper edge of the frame b.
Around both sides of the bolt g is a spring o one end of which is connected to the
frame while the other end is connected to d and operates the raising of the frame b
- When
and of the lid a. The closet is operated for use in the following manner :-
the closet is only to be used for the purpose of making water, the spring is pressed
in the direction of the arrow, the tooth m releases the frame b and the latter is
raised in the position shown in dotted lines. The opening n in the frame d is
shaped so that the urine which may perhaps not have run through n is received by
the piece h and can run off from the latter. After use the lid is lowered and held
securely closed owing to the tooth m engaging with the upper edge of the frame b ;
to use the seat of the closet b the lid a and the frame d are simultaneously moved
into the position shown in dotted lines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
A closet seat lid or cover characterized by two frames b and d the lowermost of
which is provided with an additional piece and an opening n this additional
piece receiving the urine which has not passed through n and conveying the
same to the closet pan for the purpose of maintaining the seat e of the closet
constantly free from moisture and impurities.
Dated this 7th day of June 1893,
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent.
Improved Rubber Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left. 25th Oot.. 1893-Accepted, 25th Nov., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improved Rubber Tyres for Wheels.
CHARLES ARTHUR HOPTON The Cottage Greenford Middlesex, Clerk, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The tyres consist of a wearing surface of hard rubber, a base of ebonite or
hard rubber, and a soft rubber layer placed between the wearing surface and
the base.
BOLL 1002
CHAS. ARTHUR HOPTON.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Rubber Tyres for Wheels.
CHARLES ARTHUR HOPTON The Cottage Greenford Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Wheels that have rubber tyres having been found to quickly wear out &
puncture, I therofore for the better protection of same and in order to inorenBA
the durability and at the same time not to destroy the elasticity, affix to the soft
rubber or cushion a wearing surface of hard rubber, which is far more durable
& prevents the soft rubber being cut or punctured as is usually the case with
rubber tyres, thereby materially increasing their durability & my principle may be
applied to any description of rubber tyres.
For the purpose of better explaining my principle I have herowith shewn a few
Bections of rubber tyres having a wearing surface of hard rubber.
In all the designs A. represents the hard rubber applied to some descriptions of
elastic tyres in use.
In Figures 1. 2. 3 are shown rubber tyres comprised of a base of vulcanite C.
with a wearing surface of hard rubber A. resting upon a cushion formed of soft
rubber B.
Fig. 4. shews my principle as applied to a solid rubber tyre.
Fig. 5. as applied to a pneumatic tyre.
Fig. 6. to a rubber tyre fitting in a flanged or channelled iron.
My principle can be applied to any form of rubber tyres.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the samo is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
That the application of a wearing surface of hard rubber to elastic or rubber
tyres is original.
An Air Spring.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 11th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Air Spring.
ROBERT WAUGH 10 Caerleon Road Newport, Mon. Engineer GEORGE
BLACKBURNE 15 Pitman Street, Canton Cardiff Commission Agent do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An air tight cylinder containing a piston and fitted with a valve thro' which the
air is pumped into the cylinder.
The motion of the piston on the compressed air in the cylinder constitutes an
effective spring. We claim that this invention is an improvement on all other springs
and can be applied where any other spring is used, especially for bicycle & tricycle
saddle pillars; safety & other valves where a lift is necessary; buffers of railway
waggons carriages; engines; dead ends; waggons carriages vehicles of all kinds
on which springs are used. Door bolts and window lifts.
Dattu bus for way on pi
ROBERT WAUGH,
10, Caerleon Road, Newport, Mon.
GEO. BLACKBURNE,
15, Pitman Street, Canton, Cardiff, Commission Agent
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Air Spring.
We, ROBERT WAUGH, of 10, Caerleon Road, Newport, in the County of
Monmouth, Engineer, and GEORGE BLACKBURNE, of 15, Pitman Street, Canton,
Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an air-spring capable of various applications such for
instance as to the saddle-pillars of velocipedes, to safety and other valves having
a lift, to the buffers of railway locomotives, waggons, carriages and dead ends or
stops, and to the supporting springs of waggons, carriages or other vehicles.
According to our invention we provide an air-tight cylinder in which an
accurately fitting piston is adapted to work, the said cylinder being closed at one
end and at the other end provided with a guide for the piston-rod. At or near the
closed end of the cylinder is fitted a valve through which the cylinder may be
charged with air to any desired pressure, the said valve being preferably what is
known as a non-return valve so that the air having once been introduced cannot be
inadvertently allowed to escape.
When our invention is applied to a railway buffer the cylinder is fixed to the
buffer-plank and the buffer-plate is formed upon the end of the piston-rod. Other
modes of applying our spring will be obvious without further description.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
An air-spring consisting of a cylinder closed at one end, a piston working in the

page_text: said cylinder and having its rod sliding through a guide at the other end of the
said cylinder and a valve through which the cylinder can be charged with air at
any desired pressure, substantially as described.
Dated the 11th day of January 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.
An Improved Hand Grip for Small Arms.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 5th June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Hand Grip for Small Arms.
I, JOHN LIVINGSTONE West Grange, Bogside Station by Stirling in the
County of Fife, Gamekeeper do hereby declare the nature of this invention tó
be as follows
-
This invention has for its object a non slipping grip for the hand to be placed on
the stock of firearms and the like.
In firearms it is meant to be placed on that part of the gun where the stock is
grasped by the hand when the gun is placed to the shoulder for the purpose of
aiming or firing, that is to say behind the trigger guard. The band in this case
will be about two inches long more or less and preferably made of india rubber,
plain, corded or chequered. The said band will be capable of being placed in
position by being sprung on to its place from the fore-end of stock and to make
this easier, the hammers of the gun can be taken off, and the band slipped on.
This band on a gun stock gives a firmer hold than can be had without it and
ensures safety in shooting.
Dated this 2nd day of June 1893.
JOHN LIVINGSTONE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Hand Grip for Small Arms.
I, JOHN LIVINGSTONE of West-Grange, Bogside Station by Stirling in the
County of Fife N.B. Gamekeeper, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what mauner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object a non-slipping grip for the hand, to be placed on
the stock B of fire arms. It is meant to be placed on that part of the gun, A
where the stock is grasped by the hand, when the gun is placed to the shoulder
for the purpose of aiming or firing, that is to say behind the trigger guard. The
band in this case will be about two inches long, more or less, and preferably made
of india rubber, plain, corded, or chequered. The said band will be capable of
being placed in position by being sprung on to its place, from the fore end of stock,
and to make this easier done the hammers of the gun can be taken off. This
can be done by unscrewing the hammers and slipping them off the locks or by
taking off all the lock or locks with the hammers still attached. In hammerless
guns this is not necessary, the band can then be sprung over the trigger guard, and
it can then be easily adjusted to the place it is meant to occupy.
This band on a gunstock enables any one to take a much firmer hold of the
gun and keeps it much firmer to the shoulder than can be done without the band,
which is a great advantage in shooting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. That a band on small of butt of a gun stock gives a secure grip and prevents
the bond clinnin

page_text: 2. In wet or cold weather the gun can be handled with more safety.
3. The band is removable at pleasure.
Dated this Third day of March 1894.
JOHN LIVINGSTONE.
John Crawford,
Agent..
An Improved Letter-card.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Jan., 1893-Accepted, 4th Feb., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Letter-card.
I, HERMANN STERN of Ritterstrasse 23, Berlin, S.O. Germany, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to letter-cards, and it has for its object to make a card
that can be copied in a letter book, and to give as large a writing surface as
possible.
For
At present, letter-cards are gummed on both parts, and, as a consequence, they
cannot be copied, as the gum sticks to the damp leaves of the letter book.
this reason letter-cards have not become popular in commercial offices.
The annexed drawing shows one of my letter cards.
Fig. 1 shows the card open.
Fig. 2 shows it with the top part folded back.
Fig. 3 shows the bottom part folded up.
Fig. 4 shows the card closed and ready to be addressed.
Referring to the drawing:-The card is made with three folding parts a, b and c.
The top part a has the address on its back and it is gummed at the sides at d, f,
and the top at y. h represents the usual perforated edges. The bottom part c is
without a perforated edge.
If it is desired to copy the letter-card, the parts b and c are written on, and the
top a is then folded back, as shown in Fig. 2. The card can now be placed in the
letter book, and a copy taken, as the gummed parts of a do not come in contact
with the damp sheet.
When the letter-card is not to be copied, the parts a, b, and both sides of c may
be written on.
The letter-card is closed, by folding up the part c, as shown at Fig. 3, and then
closing down part a on top of it, and gumming the edges of a and b firmly together.
The card, when closed, presents the appearance as at Fig. 4.
The card is opened in the usual manner, that is, by tearing off the perforated
edges along the line h.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
A letter-card, made as, and for the advantages, hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 31st day of December 1805
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.