IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND APPLICATION OF 'BOGIE,' AND SIMILAR APPARATUS TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Armstrong, William Dean, and James
Holden, Engineers, all of New Swindon, in the County of Wilts,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND
APPLICATION OF 'BOGIE,' AND SIMILAR APPARATUS TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Armstrong,
William Dean, and James Holden at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd December
1875.
We, JOSEPH ARMSTRONG, WILLIAM DEAN, and JAMES HOLDEN,
Engineers, all of New Swindon, in the County of Wilts, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARRANGEMENT AND APPLICATION OF 'BOGIE,' AND SIMILAR APPARATUS TO Loco-
MOTIVE ENGINES AND OTHER RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the arrangement and application of
two pivotting centres placed at the sides of the "bogie," in place of the

page_text: placing the spring or springs underneath instead of above the bogie
frame, or by dispensing with the springs altogether.
As herein-before stated separate and distinct bogies may be arranged
on either side of the locomotive engine or carriage.
The bogie frames may be connected and thus made into one united
frame, always however using separate pivotting centres on each side.
Eight wheels may be employed under each engine or carriage in
groups of four each.
The number of the wheels may also be varied, and they may be
grouped in various ways.
In some cases the bogie frames are dispensed with, the pivots being
arranged directly over or upon the axle boxes, or the axle boxes may be
so constructed as to serve for pivot pieces upon which the spring or
springs are seated, thus allowing each separate axle to radiate freely
and independently.
Guards may be used to connect the bogie frames to the frame and
body of the locomotive engine or carriage, and to sustain the engine or
carriage in the case of an axle or spring breaking either inside or outside
of the wheels.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Armstrong, William Dean, and James
Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st June 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
ARMSTRONG, WILLIAM DEAN, and JAMES HOLDEN, Engineers, all of
New Swindon, in the County of Wilts, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Armstrong, William Dean and
James Holden, Her special license that we, the said Joseph Armstrong,
William Dean, and James Holden, our executors, administrators, and
.
:

page_text: assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Armstrong, William Dean,
and James Holden, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel. Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND APPLICATION OF
'BOGIE,' AND SIMILAR APPARATUS TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND OTHER RAILWAY
ROLLING STOCK," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Joseph Armstrong, William Dean, and James Holden, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Armstrong, on behalf of
myself and the said William Dean and James Holden, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object the arrangement and application of
two pivotting centres placed at the sides of the "bogie," in place of the
ordinary single pivotting centre commonly used in various forms of
"bogie" apparatus.
In the ordinary "bogie" and other similar apparatus applied to
locomotive engines, carriages, and other railway rolling stock, the pivot
being placed directly in the longitudinal centre line of the engine or
carriage, and being common to the whole of the wheels to which it is
attached, the centre of gravity is always more or less outside of the point
of suspension whenever radial movement takes place, and oscillation is
thus caused. Now according to our improved arrangements two
separate and distinct frames are used placed widely apart advantageously
though not necessarily with their centre lines in the same plane with the
lateral centre lines of the journals of the axles on which the frames are
carried. Each of these frames is connected to the engine or carriage by
a spring or springs, the centre or centres of which are supported by the

page_text: pivot piece, the ends being attached to the engine or carriage either
directly, or by means of scroll irons or otherwise. An intermediate link
(or links) is inserted and employed in order to admit of lateral and
longitudinal motions, and to allow freedom of radiation around the
pivotting pin.
Two laminated steel springs are arranged and applied equidistant
from the lateral centre line of the journals of the axles, but upon the
same pivotting principle as that previously described in accordance with
our improvements, and if desired any other number or variety of springs
or groups of springs or india-rubber or other elastic or non-elastic media,
whether placed in the above or any other position may be employed in
carrying our improvements into practice.
The frames used in carrying out our improvements are so constructed
as to connect together the axle boxes of the axles to which they are
attached. Sufficient clearance is or may be allowed between the axle
boxes and the frames, to give the axles in each frame freedom of move-
ment laterally and longitudinally independently of each other, and if
desired the top of the axle boxes may be. fitted with plates having
reversed inclined planes bearing upon similar inclined planes formed on
the tops of the axle boxes, and tending by the force of gravitation
always to keep the axle box in a central. position with regard to the
frame. If desired a radius bar may also be employed to control the
movement of the bogie.
The method of carrying the engine or carriage in applying our
improvements thereto may be varied by placing the spring or springs
underneath instead of above the bogie frame, or by dispensing with the
springs altogether.
As herein-before stated separate and distinct bogies may be arranged
and applied in accordance with our improvements on either side of the
locomotive engine or carriage.
In carrying out our improvements the bogie frames may if desired be
connected and thus. made into one united frame, always however using
separate pivotting centres on each side.
Eight wheels may be employed under each engine or carriage (to
which our improvements are applied) in groups of four each.

page_text: will enable us to describe our improvements as applied thereto.
A, A, are the plates forming the bogie frame constructed so as to
embrace the axle boxes, and support in the centre the pivot piece B, in
the upper or radiating portion of which the buckles of the bearing
springs C, C, are seated and secured as shown; D, D, are the hanging
links and shackles which connect the ends of the bearing springs C, C,
to the scroll irons E, E, the form and dimensions of the links and
shackles D, D, being adjusted so as to allow perfect freedom of move-
ment in all directions; F, G, H, are safety guards, the arrangement of
which may be varied.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the manner of
carrying the same into practice, we would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the exact details herein-before described and
represented in the Drawings, so long as the main features of our
Invention are retained, but what we claim is, the improved arrangement
and application of bogie and similar apparatus to locomotive engines
and other railway rolling stock, in which the pivotting centres are
placed at the sides, substantially in the manner and for the purpose a

page_text: herein-before described and represented in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Armstrong, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.