IMPROVED COOKING AND HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOSIAH BURFORD of 43 Kings Road Southsea in the County of Hants Gas
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVED COOKING
AND HEATING APPARATUS to be as follows:-
The objects of the invention are to provide an improved cooking and heating
apparatus adapted to be used either for gas or solid fuel.
The form of the framework of the stove or cooking and heating apparatus may
follow with advantage somewhat that generally known as a Leamington
Kitchener "and the flues for heating the oven may with certain modifications
hereafter mentioned be similarly arranged.
The fire space is arranged at or about the middle of the width of the stove with an
oven on either or both sides thereof and a boiler or boilers behind the fire space or
partly behind the fire space and partly around the fire space, or fire space and oven,
or ovens, or an oven and boiler may be arranged one on either side of the fire space
but their arrangement may be varied according to size of boiler or quantity of hot
water desired to be employed or other circumstances.
The upper frame or hot plate frame is fitted with removeable panels or plates
adapted to fit together to close the upper part of the stove and form a close "hot
plate" or these panels or plates may be removed and grilles or sets of bars applied
for supporting the articles to be heated, such as cooking pots. Below the fire
hole panel of the stove I find it very convenient to provide a burner adapted
to be used separately from the other heating jets when desired and to be utilized
for heating small quantities of water and for other uses, or by means of a reflector
it may be utilized to give a bright and cheerful appearance to the stove. In the
spaces between these panels of the hot plate, or between the grilles, and the
upper parts of the framework of the ovens and of the fire-place are applied gas jets
arranged in rows, or otherwise, adapted to heat articles on those grilles. When it
is desired to grill or cook food under these gas jets other sets of bars or gridirons
with pans or such appliances are passed in below these jets and the heating of
the cooking pots or other articles above is not interfered with.
The gas jets around the upper part of the "fire space" I arrange so as to be
carried partly or all around, or in separate parts, and to be formed as fire cheeks to
that fire space and with other apertures into the flues which (when as is now being
A

page_text: described gas heat is used) form supplemental jets in aid of the heating of the
boilers and vessels to be heated.
Openings may be provided at the end or ends of these burner cheeks for facility
of cleansing or removal of any accumulation if necessary and these openings may
be closed by plugs.
"
At the lower part of the fire space is provided another burner which serves to
heat the boiler (in lieu of the fire of solid fuel) and this burner as hereafter
described may be removeable or be disconnected and also another burner serves
to heat a chamber below the "fire space when such is employed-such as for
a hot closet. This burner thus forms a set of jets thereto and this hot closet or
oven may run from back to front, and access can, in a portable stove be had by
doors at both back and front.
In the ovens I provide jets of gas supplied by pipes or channels of supply
arranged around the walls thereof inside.
In addition to the ordinary flues passing around the oven or ovens from the fire
space to the smoke shaft I apply a division below the ovens and such flue with
passages communicating between the interior of the oven and the air space thus
formed but not with the ordinary flue, so as to obtain a current of fresh air to pass
from the outside through suitable openings into this air space and thence into the
ovens. A suitable closable opening gives facility of egress to the air of the oven.
When it is desired to dispense with the gas heating of my improved apparatus
all that is requisite is to turn off the gas remove the burner for heating the boiler
located in the fire space by turning it out of the way on a hinge or disconnecting
it, when this burner is of a character to be injured by a fire of solid fuel, or this
gas burner may be suitably protected so as not to need removal. It will sometimes
be advisable to provide a suitable automatic valve at the part of the gas supply
pipe from which a separable jet such as described has to be removed adapted to
close the passage of the gas without a cap or plug being needed and also so that
the act of applying the burner ready for use also reopens the gas passage.
Suitable taps throughout the apparatus are provided for controlling the gas
supply aided as desired by guages as is well understood.
Then the solid panels or plates are substituted for the open grilles and form
close hot plate.
Flanges formed on these panels or plates serve when coal or solid fuel is used
in the fire space to protect the gas burners and parts from the direct action of the
fire heat.
The air tubes of the gas and air jets used serve when solid fuel is being
employed to supply air in aid of complete combustion and to prevent the production
of smoke.
A suitable ash pan or receptacle is slid in or applied below the fire space for
solid fuel.
For the better cooking of pastry and other articles I provide a separate
removable oven or chamber adapted to receive the pastry or other articles to be
baked and then when closed placed within and so as to be enclosed by and heated
in the ovens already referred to when heated by the gas jets and thereby obviate
any injurious action of the gas or when solid fuel is the heating means this
removeable oven will enable the contents to be removed very readily.
For certain descriptions of food it is desirable to introduce into the oven during
cooking a small but regular supply of steam or vapor and this I provide for by
means of a small water bath below the removeable oven having a delivery jet into
that oven.
Parts of the arrangements are adaptable to ordinary existing solid fuel cooking
apparatus.
The improved apparatus enables a free level hot plate to be obtained and obviates
necessity of removal of the gas burners and supply tubes when solid fuel is to

page_text: It is advisable to employ a shield or cover to the copper or other boiler used
when the source of heat is solid fuel to prevent injurious action of the fire thereon
which shield may be removed for the more direct action of the gas heat thereon.
When it is desired to provide a hot closet above the stove I provide a tubular
passage from the lower part of the boiler through such boiler up to another tube
having connection with a hot closet or heating chamber or hot water piping may
heat the tube of a plate rack in place of or in addition thereto.
One of the advantages arising from this arrangement of apparatus is the ready
interchangeability of the heating means-from gas to solid fuel-or solid fuel to
gas and the economy of time and fuel and the facility with which the stove may
be heated or kept heated by the gas until solid fuel heat be required or is again
required.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I JOSIAH BURFORD of Avon Street Warwick in the County of Warwick Gas
Engineer and Cooking Apparatus Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of
"and in what
my invention for "IMPROVED COOKING AND HEATING APPARATUS
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The objects of the invention are to provide an improved cooking and heating
apparatus adapted to be used either for gas or solid fuel.
In the accompanying drawing, Fig: 1 shews a front view of my improved
kitchener and Fig: 1" a perspective elevation of same to a larger scale with the
solid plates c¹ replaced by grilles. Fig: 2 a longitudinal section thereof on the
line A B Fig: 5.
:
Fig 3 a transverse section on the line E F Fig: 5. Fig: 4 shews another
transverse section of the apparatus taken centrally on the line C. D. Fig: 5 shews
sectional plan taken on the line I J below the level of the hot plate and Fig: 6
shews another section longitudinally taken on the line G H of Fig: 1 below the
ovens.
Figs. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13 and 14 shew some of the parts to a larger scale in
detail separately.
The form of the framework of the stove or cooking and heating apparatus, may
as indicated in the drawings follow with advantage somewhat that arrangement

page_text: generally known as a "Leamington Kitchener" and the flues for heating the oven
may with certain modifications hereafter mentioned be similarly arranged,
The fire space a is arranged at or about the middle of the width of the stove
with an oven b on either or both sides thereof and a boiler or boilers behind the
fire space or partly behind the fire space and partly around the fire space or fire
space and oven or ovens, or an oven and boiler may be arranged one on either side
of the fire space but their arrangement may be varied according to size of boiler,
or quantity of hot water desired to be employed or other circumstances.
The present arrangement of the invention has an oven b at the one side and a
similar oven or roaster b¹ at the opposite side of the fire place a and a boiler d
preferably of copper at the rear. al al are the outer walls of the stove.
The upper frame or hot plate frame c is fitted with removeable panels or plates o¹
adapted to fit together to close the upper part of the stove and form a close "hot
plate" or these panels or plates may be removed and in place thereof grilles or sets
of bars applied for supporting the articles to be heated, such as cooking pots.
Below the fire hole panel c³ of the stove I find it very convenient to provide
a burner o adapted to be used separately from the other heating jets when desired
and to be utilized for heating small quantities of water and for other uses or by
means of a reflector it may be utilized to give a bright and cheerful appearance to
the stove.
In the spaces between these panels of the hot plate, or between the grilles, and
the upper parts of the framework of the ovens and of the fire place are applied gas
jets e arranged in rows as shewn or otherwise, e' being the air entrances and e" the
pipes for supply of gas adapted to heat articles or utensils that may be placed on
the grilles.
When it is desired to grill or cook food under these gas jets e other sets of bars
or gridirons with pans or such appliances are passed in below these jets and the
heating of the cooking pots or other articles supported on the grilles above is not
interfered with.
"
The gas jets f* around the upper part of the "fire space I have in the
arrangement shewn carried along both sides thereof but they may be carried partly
or all around the same or in separate parts and they form fire cheeks f to that fire
space (one of these cheeks is shewn separately at Fig: 7) with other apertures f¹ få
into the flues which (when as is now being described, gas heat is used) form
supplemental jets in aid of the heating of the boilers and vessels to be heated.
Openings not shewn are provided when desired at the end or ends of these
burner cheeks for facility of cleaning or removal of any accumulation if necessary,
and these openings may be closed by plugs.
At the lower part of the fire space a is provided another burner g which serves
to heat the boiler d (in lieu of the fire of solid fuel) and this burner g as hereafter
described, may be removeable or be disconnected and also another burner serves to
heat a chamber h below the "fire space" when such is employed as an oven as
shewn or as a hot closet.
This burner may, so applied, form a set of jets thereto and this hot closet or
oven runs from back to front, and access can in a portable kitchener stove be had
by doors at both back h¹ and front h*.
In the bottom ovens b, b¹ I provide jets of gas supplied by pipes n n' which with
their air passages 22 n³ pass through from the back of the apparatus traversing the
back of the flue, the smoke flue and the oven back into the lower parts or recesses
formed for them or these channels of supply may be arranged around the walls of
these ovens b, 6¹ inside as is well understood.
In addition to the ordinary flues i passing around the oven or ovens from the
fire space a to the smoke shaft I apply a division 6 below each of the ovens 6 6¹
and such flue with passages communicating between the interior of the ovens b b¹
and the air spaces thus formed, but not with the ordinary flue i so as to obtain a
current of fresh air to pass from the outside through suitable openings ¹ into this

page_text: air space and thence into the ovens. A suitable closable opening gives facility of
egress to the air of the ovens b b and has will be readily understood and applied.
When it is desired to dispense with the gas heating of my improved apparatus
all that is requisite is to turn off the gas remove the burner g for heating the
boiler d located in the fire space by turning it out of the way on a hinge or
disconnecting it at g' when this burner is of a character to be injured by fire of
solid fuel, or this gas burner may be suitably protected so as not to need removal.
It will sometimes be advisable to provide a suitable automatic valve at the part
of the gas supply pipe from which a separable jet such as described has to be
removed adapted to close the passage of the gas without a cap or plug being needed
and also so that the act of applying the burner ready for use also reopens the gas
passage but as such will be readily understood I have not shewn it and I make no
claim separately thereto.
Suitable taps throughout the apparatus are provided for controlling the gas
supply aided as desired by gauges as is well understood by those conversant with
this class of apparatus.
Then the solid panels or plates c¹ are substituted for the open grilles which had
been substituted for them during the gas cooking and thereby form a close hot
plate.
Flanges p formed on these panels or plates c' as shewn separately at Fig: 8
serve when coal or solid fuel is used in the fire space to protect the gas burners e
and tubular parts from the direct action of the fire heat.
The air tubes of the gas and air jets which otherwise would be supplying air to
those gas burners will usefully be found to serve when solid fuel is being employed,
to supply air in aid of complete combustion and to prevent the production of dense
smoke.
A suitable ash pan or receptacle is slid in or applied below the fire space a
when such is used for solid fuel.
For the better cooking of pastry and other articles I provide a separate
removeable oven or chamber adapted to receive the pastry or other articles to be
baked and then when closed this is placed within and so as to be enclosed by and
heated in the ovens b or b' already referred to when heated by the gas jets and
thereby obviate any injurious action of the gas thereto or when solid fuel is the
heating means this removeable oven will enable the contents to be removed very
readily.
For certain descriptions of food it is desirable to introduce into the oven during
cooking a small but regular supply of steam or vapour and this I provide for by
means of a small water bath below the removeable oven having a delivery jet into
that oven.
Parts of the arrangements are adaptable to ordinary existing solid fuel cooking
apparatus.
The improved apparatus enables a free level hot plate c to be obtained and
obviates necessity of removal of the gas burners e and supply tubes fƒ ƒ when
solid fuel is to be used as is in general requisite with existing arrangement of
apparatus.
It is advisable to employ a shield or cover m to the copper or other boiler d
used when the source of heat is solid fuel to prevent injurious action of the fire
thereon which shield m may be removed for the more direct action of the gas heat
thereon.
When it is desired to provide a hot closet above the stove I provide tubular
passages from the lower part of the boiler d through such boiler d up to another
tube having connection with a hot closet or heating chamber or by making
connections with such boiler d hot water piping may heat the tube of a plate rack
in place of or in addition thereto or may be taken off to heat a bath or otherwise
as usual,
One of the advantages arising from this arrangement of apparatus is the ready
interchangeability of the heating means-from gas to solid fuel-or vice versa from

page_text: solid fuel to gas-and the economy of time and fuel and the facility with which
the stove may be heated or kept heated by the gas until solid fuel heat be required
or is again required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use or employment in cooking and heating apparatus of gas conduits and
jets ff¹ not requiring removal when change of source of heat from gas to solid fuel
is made arranged substantially as set forth.
'
2. The combination or arrangement of the parts forming alternatively a hot
plate with solid fuel and an open grille with gas heating appliances in one
apparatus immediately interchangeable as set forth.
3. The combinations or arrangements of parts for, heating and ventilating and
facilitating cooking in the ovens or hot chambers adapted alternatively for gas or
solid fuel heating as set forth.
4. The general arrangements of gas burners and means for protecting and
utilizing them alternatively when gas or solid fuel in the apparatus is used as set
forth.
5. The adaptation or arrangement of a burner or burners g and removeable
connections thereto for heating the boiler in cooking and heating apparatus
substantially as herein described.
6. The herein described arrangements or combinations of parts forming improved
cooking and heating apparatus adapted readily and alternatively to be heated by
means of gas or solid fuel all substantially as set forth.
I
Dated this 16th day of May 1885.
W BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the said Josiah Burford,