CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CASTING BESSEMER STEEL AND OTHER METALS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Waddington and Benjamin Longbottom, of
Barrow-in-Furness, in the County of Lancaster, Iron and Brass Founders,
Engineers, &c., for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS
TO BE EMPLOYED IN CASTING BESSEMER STEEL AND OTHER METALS."
Sealed the 26th November 1867, and dated the 4th June 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Waddington and
Benjamin Longbottom at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 4th June 1867.
We, JOSEPH WADDINGTON and BENJAMIN LONGBOTTOM, of Barrow-in-Furness,
in the County of Lancaster, Iron and Brass Founders, Engineers, &c., do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS.
IN MOULDS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CASTING BESSEMER STEEL AND OTHER METALS,' to
be as follows:-
The Invention is designed to render the moulds employed in casting
Bessemer steel or other metals more durable by so forming them that the
lower portion which first becomes deteriorated may be removed and a new
portion substituted. Hitherto such moulds have either been made of one
solid piece or divided vertically by halves the better to release the ingot.
The improvements consist in dividing the moulds horizontally, that is, so as
to make a top and bottom portion; the edges of these parts which meet.
together are grooved or so formed as to fit into each other, and the upper and:
lower parts secured together by bolts passing through lugs outside the mouldi

page_text: When preparing a mould for use cement is filled in between the joint, and a
temporary plug is passed inside the mould to prevent the cement squeezing
into the mould; the bolts are then drawn up tight and the spare cement
squeezes out on the outside of the mould; thus when the interior surface of
the lower portion becomes worn or eaten away by the splashing of the
metal it can be replaced by another one, the upper part serving many lower
ones,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Waddington and Benjamin Longbottom in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 3rd December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
WADDINGTON and BENJAMIN LONGBOTTOM, of Barrow-in-Furness, in the County
of Lancaster, Iron and Brass Founder and Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Joseph Waddington and Benjamin Longbottom, Her special license that we,
the said Joseph Waddington and Benjamin Longbottom, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Waddington
and Benjamin Longbottom, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CASTING BESSEMER STEEL AND OTHER
METALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph
Waddington and Benjamin Longbottom, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Waddington and Benjamin
Longbottom, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described

page_text: and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
Drawings:-
The Invention is designed to render the moulds employed in casting
Bessemer steel or other metals more durable by so forming them that the
lower portion which first becomes deteriorated may be removed and a new
portion substituted. Hitherto such moulds have either been made of one
solid piece or divided vertically in halves the better to release the ingot.
The improvements consist in dividing the moulds horizontally, that is, so as
to make a top and bottom portion; the edges of these parts which meet
together are grooved or so formed as to fit into each other, and the upper
and lower parts are secured together by bolts passing through lags outside the
mould. When preparing a mould for use a cement is filled in between the
joint and a temporary plug is passed inside the mould to prevent the cement
squeezing into the mould; the bolts are then drawn up tight, and the spare
cement squeezes out on the outside of the mould; thus when the interior
surface of the lower portion becomes worn or eaten away by the splashing of
the metal it can be replaced by another one, the upper part serving many
lower ones.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of the same.
Fig. 1 represents an elevation of the improved ingot mould, shewing the
division of the lower from the upper portion, and the method of holding such
parts together; Fig. 2 represents a vertical section of the same.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a is the upper part of the mould, and b the lower, on
both of which "lugs" or shoulders c, c, c, c, are cast, and through the openings
in such "lugs" the slotted bolts d, d, d, are passed and are tightened up by
means of the wedges or cottars e, e, cement being used between the joint,
which is constructed in the form of a groove, and a rib fitting therein, as
shewn in Fig. 2. When it is necessary to remove the old lower part 6 and
attach a new lower part to the upper part a, the wedges are removed and the
parts separated; the upper part of the mould is thus reversed, the "lugs" f
being downwards, the groove or recess g is filled with a cement made of fire-
clay and blacklead; the new part 6 is then lifted on to it, and a plug which
fits half into a and balf into 6 is placed in the inside of the mould to prevent
the escape of the cement into the mould; the bolts are then drawn up tightly
by the wedges, whereby the surplus cement is squeezed out, and the mould is
ready again for use.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly

page_text: understood that we claim dividing moulds horizontally for casting steel and
other metals, and applying any well known mechanical contrivance thereto,
by which such parts may be connected or detached, so that a new lower part
may be substituted for one worn out, as herein-before described, set forth, and
illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Waddington and Benjamin
Longbottom, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-ninth
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-seven.
JOSEPH WADDINGTON.
(L.S.)
BENJAMIN LONGBOTTOM. (L.S.)