IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANE-BITS
Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM FLETCHER KELLETT, of Chicago, in the county of Cook, in the
State of Illinois, one of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANE-BITS, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
in and by the following statement :-
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a plane-bit containing my improvement with the base A.
uppermost.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the cap B uppermost.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base A.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the chisel or planing-knife.
Fig. 5 is a detail section of same on line xx, Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a detail section taken on line y y, Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a section taken on line z z, Fig. 2.
My improvement relates to that class of planing-tools known as "hand-planes,”
and particularly to the parts known as the "plane-irons.”
In the drawings, A is the base or holder; B, the cap; C, the chisel or planing-
knife; D and E, set-screws.
In the general manufacture of planes by the old method the base or holder A is
made of expensive steel, because it has to serve the purpose of the chisel or planing-
knife, and it is necessarily quite heavy in order to give it the requisite rigidity or
stiffness.
In the manufacture of a plane containing my improvement the base A and
cap B can be made of iron or cheap steel inasmuch as they carry no knife-edges
and perform no other function than that of a clamp or vise which holds the
chisel C in proper adjustment to the rest of the plane. The chisel C is made of
the best quality of saw-plate or other fine sheet-steel, and is fastened to the base
or holder A by any proper device. I have provided for this purpose the set-screw D
and nut G, and set-screw E, and cap B. The set screw D passes through a suitable
hole, w, in the chisel C, and runs in the slot n in the holder or base A. The set-
screw E plays in the slot o of the base A, and passing through the slots in the
chisel C screws in the threaded hole r in the cap B.
+
When it is desired to sharpen the chisel, the set-screw E and the nut G are
released, and the chisel C is moved forward. When the sharpening has been

page_text: completed, the chisel is moved into proper adjustment and the set-screws are
tightened.
The chisel C is made of thin non-self-supporting material, and could not be used
alone, but must be supported by some means similar to the system of irons which
I use. It is designed to perform no function save that of a chisel or cutter.
The lower end of the base is lipped or turned up, and the lower end of the cap is
lipped or turned down, so as to come together and make a snug joint in which to
hold the lower end of the chisel.
In
In putting the parts together of course it is understood that the cap B is
uppermost when the chisel is in the plane, and the chisel C and base A would be
placed accordingly for the purpose of best fulfilling their several functions.
practice, I so adjust the chisel C relatively to the base A that the bevel of the
cutting-edge of the chisel forms a continuous surface with the bevel of the lower
edge of the base, this being the most effective position of the parts.
Planes thus made will be less expensive and more easily adjusted and sharpened
than those made after the old fashion. When the plane-bit is being set in the
plane it is customary to strike the upper end of the base A with a hammer for the
purpose of driving down the chisel. I have therefore provided a cap, K, which is
made somewhat in the shape of a greatly-broadened old-fashioned wooden clothes-
pin, and which, coming down over the end of the base A is rivited to it by the
rivets a a.
This cap receives the hammer-blows, and thus protects the end which
without this protection would be upset and battered down. This cap can be easily
removed and replaced at trifling expense. This cap may be applied to plane-irons
made in the old way.
I am aware of the United States patent to Seely and Locke, No. 24,335, June 7,
1859, and do not wish to be understood as claiming the construction therein shown
and described; nor do I wish to be understood as claiming, broadly, a plane-bit
clamped between a cap and base or back plate, as said construction is old.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare what what
I claim is
1. The combination, with the base plate having the thin steel chisel adjustably
connected therewith, the adjacent surfaces of the two being plane surfaces, of the
cap connected with the base-plate by a clamp-screw to clamp the chisel rigidly
against the back-plate, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. The combination, with the slotted base-plate, of a chisel connected therewith
by a clamp-screw at its upper end, whereby the chisel may be adjusted longitudinally
on the base-plate, and, of the cap connected with the base-plate by a clamp-
screw, whereby the chisel may be firmly clamped against the base-plate, when
so adjusted.
3. The combination, with the base A, chisel C, and cap B, provided with the
slots on 8, and holes r w, of the set-screw E, and set-screw D, and nut G, substan-
tially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. The combination, with the base A, of the cap K, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
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