IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM JENKINS of 10 Old Bilston Road Wednesbury in the County of
Stafford Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN SCREWING MACHINES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
These improvements relate to machines for cutting screw threads inside tube
fittings and other similar articles, and have for their object, to accomplish such
work more rapidly and perfectly, than has heretofore been done.
Such being the nature and object of my Invention I will now proceed to
describe it in detail, and in order that the same may be the more clearly understood,
I have annexed hereunto, two sheets of Drawings and have marked the same
with Figures and letters of reference, corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof; the same letters of reference being used to denote the same
parts in all the Drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a side view.
Fig. 2 is a front view.
Fig. 3 is a plan.
Fig. 4 is a back view.
Fig. 5 is a section on the liner to a larger scale.
Fig. 6 is a section on the line f to a larger scale.
A is a frame supported on two standards B. C is a shaft working in bearings
in standards B; with a cone pulley on one end, driving, by means of pinion and
spur wheels the shaft D. On the end of shaft D is a pinion, driving the spur
wheel E. The said spur wheel E, having cast upon its front the bevel wheel F, is
keyed on the central shaft G. H is a box casting bolted on to frame A, and
carrying in bearings the bevel wheels I; which are actuated by bevel wheel F.
Passing through the wheels I are the standards J, on the front ends of which are
fixed the tap holders, and on the other ends are guide screws a, fastened to the
spindles by means of unions b. These guide screws work in nuts c, fastened in
the centre of the hand wheels d, the bosses of which pass through brackets bolted
on the sides and top of the box casting H.
The arrangement for holding the fitting to be screwed consists of:-a poppet K,
supported from the casting H. by four horizontal bars. The ram of the poppet, in
the front of which, one of the dies for gripping the fitting, is held, is pushed

page_text: forward or withdrawn by turning the hand wheel and screw L. The other
gripping die is fixed in the centre of the casting H.
Near the back of the machine, is an automatic reversing and stopping apparatus
which consists of:-A grooved disc e with a worm wheel on back working loosely
on a bush g fixed in the frame A. The said worm wheel being driven from the
shaft D, by means of pinion, intermediate and spur wheels M, and worm N.
A shaft h passes through the centre of the bush g, and also through the frame A,
having a mitre wheel k fixed on one end, and a plate with a projection on back
as shown by the dotted line Fig. 1, fixed on the other. Between the plate i and
the disc e is a lever j, working loosely on the centre shaft h, and having an
adjustable weight near the end. At the side of the machine is a lever O working
on a stud in the frame A, and connected at the end to a catch P; which said catch
is forced outward by a spiral spring as shown or by other means, and supports the
lever and weight, when the machine is stopped. On the other side of the
machine a vertical shaft n, driven by the mitre wheels k communicates, by means
of lever and link with the overhead belt gear. On the counter shaft are three
pulleys, the centre one of which is keyed on the shaft, while the outer ones run
loosely. There is also, fixed on the counter shaft, a cone pulley corresponding
with the one on the machine.
The method of working the machine is as follows:-The fitting to be screwed is
placed in the gripping dies, and secured by turning the hand wheel L. The
lever is then pushed towards the end of the slot m, thus withdrawing the
catch P, and allowing the lever j to fall whereby the plate i shaft h and wheels k
are moved round, and by means of vertical shaft n and belt gear, the straight belt
is forced on to the centre or fast pulley, and the machine commences to screw; the
taps being forced into the fitting by the screws a. While the fitting is being
screwed, the disc e is moved round by the wheels M and worm N. The bolt p.
which may be adjusted in the groove according to the depth of screw required in
the fitting, pushes the lever jround, thereby forcing back the catch P. Directly
the lever j has passed the catch P, the said catch is forced into its original position
by the action of the spring. When the lever j has passed the vertical position, it
immediately falls, striking the projection on the back of the plate i turning the
shaft round and consequently forcing the belt gear over, until the crossed belt is
driven on to the fast pulley; when the machine commences the reverse motion.
As soon as the machine reverses the disc e reverses also, and the lever j is pushed
back by the bolt q until, it has again passed the vertical position, when it falls on
the other side, striking the projection on the back of the plate i, but is arrested in
its fall by the catch 1. By this means, the belts are both driven on to the loose
pulleys, and the machine is consequently stopped. The fitting is now finished, and
is withdrawn from the gripping dies, by turning back the hand wheel L.
In order to adjust the spindles J to suit taps of different lengths, or to screw
larger or smaller fittings, the nuts S are unscrewed, thereby releasing the hand
wheels d. The said hand wheels are then turned round, until the spindles are
properly adjusted, when they are again locked by screwing up the nuts S.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination of the wheels E F I whereby the three holes are screwed
simultaneously.
2. The method of reversing by disc and worm wheel e worm N, plate i lever
and weight j, and shaft h.
3. The adjustable bolt p, whereby the depth of the thread in the fittings may be
regulated.
4. The catch P and adjustable bolt q, by which the machine is automatically
stopped.

page_text: 5. The guide screws a, attached to the ends of the spindles J, and the nuts C,
whereby the taps are forced into the fittings.
6. The method of adjusting the spindles J, to suit the different lengths of taps
and sizes of fittings, by means of hand wheels d and nuts S.
Dated this Eighth day of March 1884.
WILLIAM JENKINS

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Printing any Kind of Design
on Strips of Paper, Cloth, Canvas, and other Material of
I ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON of 47 Museum Street Oxford Street in the
Parish of Bloomsbury Civil Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING
ANY KIND OF DESIGN ON STRIPS OF PAPER, CLOTH, CANVAS AND OTHER MATERIAL
OF VARIOUS WIDTHS, FOR EMBROIDERY WORK"-A communication to me froin
La Société Schrameck et Levy" of the city of Paris in the Republic of France to
be as follows:-
The machine for effecting this purpose consists of a frame and stand very similar
to an ordinary sewing machine worked by a treadle. Above the table mounted
and turning in suitable supports is a printing cylinder on which is engraved or
raised, the pattern it is desired to print. Or preferably, a number of india rubber,
iron, or wooden rings are placed round the cylinder, on which the designs are raised
or engraved. Below this is a smaller roller serving as rest for the material. Above
the printing cylinder is an inking roller, consisting of a hollow tube perforated
throughout its length and circumference with small holes, and inside this tube the
ink is placed, the opening of the tube being closed with a screw cap. This roller is
covered with felt, cloth, india rubber or some elastic substance. The material
whilst printing, is drawn along by these two rollers during their revolution.
The axis of the inking roller can be vertically raised or lowered in its supports,
(which rest on the upper part of the sides of the frame) so as to regulate its pressure
on the printing cylinder, which latter is also adjustable for the regulation of the
pressure on the paper or other material by aid of a lever fixed to a cross bar at the
upper part of the frame and in conjunction with two small shafts one of which
forms the continuation of the lever, a vertical up and down motion is imparted to
the cushions bearing the axes of this cylinder for raising or lowering it.
Having adjusted the distance between these two rollers as required the lever is
kept in position by an arched slot made in a metal piece attached beneath the table

page_text: by a thumb screw. If the space between the two rollers is too great, india rubber
rings of the thickness required for regulating this space are placed at the ends of
the lower roller.
In changing the printing cylinder for another engraved one, one of the pivoting
ends is released by aid of a crank, the opposite end is then easily raised and the
cylinder removed.
The lower roller is covered with felt, cloth, india rubber or some equivalent
elastic substance.
The paper or tissue as previously mentioned passes between the two rollers and
is guided by two guides placed in front of the frame and fixed to an inclined plane
mounted at an angle on the table, these guides are secured by adjusting screws
working in slots or apertures in the inclined plane, the heads of the screws being
beneath it. At the sides of the apertures may be metrical divisions so that the
guides may be spaced or their distance from each other regulated to accommodate
different widths of material, the separating or spacing rings previously mention are
arranged to correspond with the guides in their distance apart.
I ARTHUR, CHARLES, HENDERSON of 47, Museum Street Oxford Street in the
Parish of Bloomsbury and county of Middlesex Civil Engineer and Patent Agent
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PRINTING ANY KIND OF DESIGN ON STRIPS OF PAPER, CLOTH,
CANVAS, AND OTHER MATERIAL OF VARIOUS WIDTHS FOR EMBROIDERY WORK
A communication to me from abroad by La Société Schrameck et Levy of the city
of Paris in the Republic of France, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
The machine the subject of the present invention is intended for printing designs
of every description on any kind of material, for the purposes of embroidery work,
tapestry, festoon edgings and so forth; the printing being rapidly and more
regularly effected than by hand.
The machine is capable of printing one or more strips of material at the same
time, either of the same or of different patterns and widths.
The machine is constructed as follows, and consists of an upper cylinder or roller,
on which the design or designs are engraved, or are in relief, or by proference this
roller is provided with rings of india rubber, wood or other suitable material
bearing the designs.
The machine is worked by a pedal which causes the printing roller to revolve ;
above this roller is an inking roller consisting of a hollow cylinder or tube per-
forated throughout its length and circumference with small holes, inside this tube
the ink is placed the opening for its admission closing with a plug, cap or stopper,
This tube or roller is covered with felt, cloth or some elastic material.

page_text: The textile or other substance to be printed is drawn along between the printing
cylinder and a supporting roller (beneath the printing cylinder) forming a circular
printing table.
Fig is a front elevation of the improved machine. Fig 2 is a plan of the same,
Fig 3 being an end view.
Fig 4 is an end view of a similar but smaller machine.
Fig 5. shows a design as printed on the edge of the material.
Fig 6 is a transverse section of the inking roller.
The frame a, which is similar to that of an ordinary sewing machine supports
the wooden table b, a strengthening bar pl, below bears the double forked piece p³,
and pedal p, which governs the rod c of the driving wheel v, and grooved pulley v³,
which turns on an axis v¹, fixed to the frame and by means of a cord or strap
transmits motion to a similar pulley above, mounted on the axis of the lower
roller d.
On the table b two supports e. e² are mounted and are connected one with the
other by four rods e e e es. Each of these supports has a vertical aperture h. h¹
in which the blocks or bearings g. g², slide up and down, those blocks bear the
centres or points g², g³, on which the cylinder f turns.
The distance between these rollers is regulated by more or less raising the
printing cylinder f by aid of the lever k mounted on the bar e², a vertical up and
down motion is thus communicated to the blocks gg by aid of the cranks n. n³,
and q. q by this means the printing cylinder f is made to press more or less
lightly on the material to be printed.
The distance between the rollers f, and d, being adjusted as desired the lever k
is then fixed in a slot in a curved piece fixed beneath the table and is there
secured by a thumb screw x¹.
If there is too much space between the rollers, an india rubber ring is placed at
each end of the lower roller d, of the requisite thickness. Or these cylinders may be
regulated by means of the screws k² k' vide Fig 4.
In removing the printing cylinder to replace it by another or for other purposes
the point or centre g³, is liberated from its centre of rotation by means of the
crank o, the cylinder being then only held at one end is easily raised and removed.
As already mentioned the design or designs on the printing cylinder f may be
either sunk or raised on its surface, or by preference this cylinder is furnished with
encircling rings of india rubber, wood, metal or other suitable material m, m' on
which the designs are moulded, engraved or otherwise marked, such rings being
kept apart or spaced as may be desired.
The lower roller d like the cylinder f pivots on two centres fixed to the sides e. e
of the frame, and is covered with some slightly elastic substance, such as cloth, felt,
india rubber or some equivalent.
When the upper roller is in situ it participates in the rotary motion of the lower
roller & by means of toothed wheels d' f¹. The inking roller j, which is wooden
turns on its axes in the heads of two small cranks whose other ends are
articulated to two bosses u. u¹, of the frame. By this means the inking is effected
throughout the whole length of the upper roller f The mobility thus obtained by
means of the two cranks admits of either pressing it against the engraved cylinder
or withdrawing it from it, so as to ink it or not.
The tissue or other material to be printed is directed in its course between the
two rollers f and d by means of the guides 8. s which latter are fixed by adjusting
screws y. y working in an opening o¹ in the table. A metrical scale may be used
for regulating the guides according to the width of material employed, and the end
of the printing cylinder may bo provided with detents allowing of only a partial
rotation of this cylinder under certain circumstances.
The action of the machine which is extremely simple is as follows. Having
adjusted the inker, and arranged the distance of the rings m. m¹; the guides 8. 8¹
are then regulated to make the space correspond with these rings in accordance
with the width of the material to be printed, which latter is then presented to the

page_text: ers fand d, the pedal p, being now worked the machine is set in motion. These
rollers then draw the material between them, the upper cylinder f printing the
tern with which the rings m. m³ are furnished.
It should be here observed that I do not limit myself to the precise details nor to
materials of construction of the machine as such may be varied without
arting from the principle of action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
ention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
aim is,
st The method of constructing the printing cylinder f an encircling it at variable
distances with india rubber or other rings m. m² on which the design is
in relief or sunk.
nd The method of raising and lowering the cylinder ƒ by means of the lever k,
bar e, blocks g. g¹and cranks n. n³ q. q³, for regulating the pressure on the
material to be printed.
3rd The mode of constructing the wooden inking roller ; of a hollow tubo
perforated throughout its circumference and containing the ink, and covered
with felt, or other material, together with the mechanism for regulating its
mobility by means of the cranks jl ja and bossеs u. u¹.
1th The method of regulating the delivery of the material to be printed by
means of the guides 8. 8' adjusting screws and opening o' in the table.
5th The method of, and the means employed for removing the printing cylinder ƒ,
to replace it by one of larger or sinaller diameter.
6th The application of india rubber rings to the ends of the lower roller d, for
keeping the cylinder f and d apart when required. The whole as and for
the purpose substantially as herein described and as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.