IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF. THE PARTS. IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKER'S WAX THREAD FOR SEWING ON THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Jackson, Mechanic, 4, Spring Terrace, York
Road, Lambeth, London, for the Invention of an "IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT
OF. THE PARTS. IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKER'S WAX THREAD
FOR SEWING ON THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th October 1864.
I, WILLIAM JACKSON, Mechanic, 4, Spring Terrace, York Road; Lambeth,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
ARRANGEMENT OF THE PARTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKER'S WAX
THREAD FOR SEWING ON THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as follows, and
consists in the construction of a machine in a more simple, and effective
manner than has hitherto been done for the purpose above mentioned. The
accompanying Drawing shews the parts generally composing this machine.
A represents the main shaft; B is a disc for the purpose of working the
needle bar C, being adjustable for sewing different thickness of material, and
also for propelling the foot the necessary length of stitch, C having a hook at
the end for piercing the leather; E is a half-circle slot attached to the needle
bar C for giving a rest to the needle, which has a pin and roller working in
the slot which is fastened to the disc B; F is a pair of bevel wheels working

page_text: triangle with the shaft A, being in connection with a second pair of bevel
wheels G for the purpose of working the thread conductor H; I is a spindle
working within an arm K for conducting the thread around the hook; H is
a wheel working in gear with spindle I for the above-mentioned purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th March 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JACKSON, Machinist, of 4, Spring Terrace, York Road, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty
year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,..give and grant unto
me, the said William Jackson, Her special licence that I, the said-William
Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as-I, the
said William Jackson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Ix-
PROVED ARRANGEMENT OF THE PARTS IN SEWING MACHINES FOR USING SHOEMAKER'S
WAX THREAD FOR SEWING ON THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Jackson, my executors. or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal, Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Jackson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is. to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
.
statement:
This Invention consists of a novel and improved construction and arrange-
ment of parts by which greater simplicity and cheapness of construction

page_text: combined with efficiency are obtained than hitherto in a machine for the
purposes mentioned, as shown in the following description, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1'is a side elevation of the machine; Figure 2 is a front elevation;
Figure 8 is the plan. The same letters and numbers indicate the same parts
in 'all of these Figures. Figure 4 represents in section the connecting rod D ;
Figure 5 represents in section a semicircular slot which can, at the option of
the constructor, be applied at an alternative mode or detail of using my
Invention instead or in substitution of the connecting rod D, shewn in
Figure 4, and may be more suitable for some kinds of work where a greater
rest or "dwell" in the motion of the needle bar G is desired.
Referring to Figure 1, A is the main shaft, running in suitable bearings at
5, 5, and may be driven by any convenient method. To the main shaft A is
attached the disc B, one face of the perimeter of which is of suitable form to
work or propel the plate K by means of the roller and pin Lattached thereto;
the plate K is attached by the pin k through a slot to the bare H, which
carries the foot i, and communicated thereto the requisite motion for moving
or propelling the boot or shoe or the material being sewn the required length
for the stitch, which length can be adjusted by the two check nuts M, the
return motion of the plate K, and thereby of the bare H with the foot i is
effected by the spring l. The bare H can be adjusted for different thicknesses
of material by means of the screw I. To the other face of the disc B is
fastened by two screws N, N, the plate C, made adjustable for sewing different
thicknesses of material by varying the distance from the centre of rotation of
the pin d, which it carries, and which works in and operates 'the connecting
rod D, the other end of which rod is attached to and works'upon another pin
which is attached to or forms part of the projecting piece E which is attached
to the needle bar G, which, by the rotation of the disc B and plate C, and the
communication of motion through the connecting rod D, after the manner of
a crank motion, to the piece E, is caused to vibrate vertically in the bearings
2, 2, formed in the headstock of the machine, thereby giving the requisite
throw to the needle for effecting the formation of the stitch; J is 'a hand
lever for lifting the bar H, and with it the presser foot i, which it carries, so
as to permit the boot or material to be sewn to be placed underneath it; j is
a machine lever working in connection with the needle bar G; g is a roller
and pin attached to the top end of the needle bar G; h is a projecting piece
or rest, in form of a V or a sigment of a circle, which is fixed under the
lever When the needle bar G is down, as shown in Figure 1, the pin
comes in contact with the lever j, which causes the bar H and the foot i to

page_text: lift, and at that time the foot i is moved back to its starting point by the
plate K, the return motion of which is effected by the elastic force of the
spring ; F is a looper sheath bar for protecting the last proceeding loop of
the sewing thread from being caught in the crochet hook of the looper; the
lower end is made taper with a sheath hole for the needle and hook to pass
through, and for the purpose just before mentioned is made to vibrate up
and down by means of the projecting piece E and the pin c, which is fastened
at the top end of the needle bar G; the small tappet F at the top end of the
looper bar F is adjustable for the purpose of giving a rest, as may be required,
for the looper bar F. When the needle bar G ascends the pin c comes in
contact with the tappet F. Below the projecting piece E, by which the looper
bar is forced down, a spring is placed, resting upon the pin. of the looper bar,
in order to enable it to yield so as to accommodate different thicknesses; of
material when being sewn; 3 is a screw, with leather or other suitable
material in the screw hole, in order, when tightening the screw, to cause
friction in the looper bar F, to cause the looper bar to rest to enable the loop
of thread to be released from the hook.
.
The different bearings are shewn by numbers, thus, the bearings for pressor
slide bar H, number 1; number 2, the bearings for the needle, slide bar G;
number 3, the bearings for the looper slide bar F; number 5, the bearings
for the main shaft A; number 7, the bearings for uprights shaft A¹;
number 8, bearings for shaft R; number 9 and 10, bearings for the rod T
and for the rotatory thread carrier U; this last U is a hollow cylinder, the
hollow centre of which allows the descent and passage of the needle hook
through it, it also has a second and smaller transverse hole or passage, beside
the central aperture for the purpose of carrying the thread which is put
through it, and thereby guided so as to be seized by the hook in order to form
the loop to be drawn through so as to form the stitch; the rod T at its upper
end is bevilled and toothed to work in gear with the hollow cylinder U, and
at the other end is connected with the shaft R, by which it is made to revolve
constantly in one direction, and which is made to revolve by bevel gear P, P,
worked by the vertical shaft A', which last is revolved. by mitre gear 0, 0,
worked by the main shaft A, the prime motor of the whole machine.
Number 4 shows the slot space for the play of the pin L; Q is a screw and
nut for adjusting and regulating the position of the shaft R and spindle T and
keeping the latter in gear with the revolving cylinder U. It is obvious that
by this arrangement the cylinder U. is caused to revolve constantly and-simul-
taneously with the revolution of the main shaft A, which constant revolving
motion is more simple and durable than a reciprocating motion can possibly

page_text: be made to be, and as I believe 'has never before for this purpose: been done
previously to this my Invention.
.
In Figure 2.is shewn the pressure spring W, which consists of a cylindrical
piece of vulcanised rubber or caoutchouc which is highly. and more perma-
nently elastic than metal, and is compressed lengthwise between the clamp
heads X, X, the lower one of which is attached by the bracket w to the
presser bar H, as shewn, and to which the elastic force of the rubber cylinder
imparts the necessary power to hold the material to be sewn; the degree of
pressure may be regulated for different thicknesses of material by the lower
clamp X, which is made adjustable by the screw nut attached to it, by the
screwing up or down of which greater or less compression of the elastic
cylinder is effected, screwing up increasing the compression, and subsequently
causing greater pressure upon the material to be sewn. Y is the guide head
of a piece screwed or fastened into the headstock of the machine, the head Y
of which serves to guide the upper end of the bracket was it vibrates in
correspondence with the motions of the presser bar H, the opposite end of
the piece Y serves as a rocking pin working in a slot of the presser bar H,
which permits the requisite play for the bar's vibration; S is the spool con-
taining the thread in the position that I prefer for using it, the requisite
tension for which is obtained and regulated by the two cheek nuts Z.
Figure 1 shows the manner of conducting the thread from the spool or reel S
over the roller S, and thence direct to the revolving cylinder and thread
carrier U, through the small aperture of which it is carried, as before
described, so as to enable the loop to be taken and the stitch to be formed.
By following the foregoing description in comparison with the Drawings
the whole operation of the machine and of its details will be obvious to all
acquainted with this branch of machinery, or at all conversant with this class
of machines; and equally that by this my Invention I succeed in dispensing
with a great deal of complication of cams, secondary parts, and apparatus,
and in particular with reciprocating motion in the under side, and thread-
carrying apparatus, obtaining constant motion in place thereof, by which the
machine is rendered far more desirable, its construction greatly simplified,
and consequently cheapened.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I claim,-
First and specially, the working the thread carrier on its equivalent with a
constant revolving motion in one direction, so as to dispense with all recipro-
cating movement in its operation for the before-mentioned purpose.

page_text: And generally. I claim the general combination, also the arrangement,
construction, and mode of operating the several working parts, substantially
as 'herein set forth and described as the Invention secured to me by Letters
Patent as aforesaid...
In witness whereof, I, the said William Jackson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 28th day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
(L.S.) WILLIAM JACKSON.