IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN DRIVING BELTS OR BANDS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Willson Cobbett, of No. 8, Conduit Vale, Green-
wich, in the County of Kent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN DRIVING BELTS OR BANDS." A communication
from abroad by William Fenton, of Ionsered, in the Kingdom of Sweden.
Sealed the 10th April 1879, and dated the 12th October 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Willson Cobbett at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October 1878.
WALTER WILLSON COBBETT, of No. 8, Conduit Vale, Greenwich, in the County
of Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN DRIVING BELTS OR
BANDS." (A communication from abroad by William Fenton, of Ionsered, in the
Kingdom of Sweden.)
According to this Invention hose made from cotton, hemp, flax, or other suitable
fibre or substance is so connected together in the process of manufacture as to form
a comparatively solid or compact flat woven driving belt or band. In other words,
the driving belt or band is formed on the principle of double cloth weaving, whereby
two cloths are during the operation of weaving connected and interwoven by means
of binding warp threads passing from one cloth to the other at suitable intervals.
Thus, in the absence of the binding threads the fabric would form a tube or hose,
but being intersected by them, it constitutes a compact, firm, yet pliable flat fabric
suitable for driving belts or bands, and may be made of any desirable width and
strength.
In order to give the necessary pliability to the fabric, to the texture or intersec-
tions of the hose or double cloth, and to the binding threads connecting them
together, it is necessary that the intersections should be made at suitable intervals,
or in other words, that the entering, draughting, cording, and shedding of the warp
be such as to give the proper result as respects compactness, strength, and
pliability.
The annexed draughtings (which will be understood by weavers) are designed to

page_text: effect this object. In these draftings 0 signifies that the headle or shaft is down,
x signifies that the headle or shaft is up.
It will be evident that the shedding can be worked either backwards or for-
wards, or modified in arrangement, still producing the same texture of cloth.
To produce woven driving belts or bands such as herein-above described, I
arrange the loom to give two blows or beats of the batten or lathe to each pick or
passage of the shuttle, so as to produce a firm, compact, texture or cloth. This is
effected by using a smaller (half size) pinion on the crank shaft to gear into the
tappet shaft wheel. For opening the sheds for the passage of the shuttle I use a
tappet wheel driven by a pinion on the crank shaft. For two-shaft hose belting I
take, say, a pinion with twenty teeth to drive a tappet driving wheel with one
hundred and sixty teeth, or eight turns to one. For three-shaft hose belting I
place, say, a pinion with fourteen teeth on the crank shaft to work a tappet driving
wheel with one hundred and sixty-eight teeth, thereby getting twelve turns of the
crank shaft to one of the tappet shaft. The tappet plates are formed and arranged
in accordance with the draughting, so that the headles can be raised or sunk in the
necessary order.
I also use a shuttle with two bobbins or spools, one in each end (or double thread
on one bobbin), to insert a double thread, and so makes a more compact and firm
cloth.
As is obvious, various descriptions of shedding motions may be used in carrying
out this Invention.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Walter Willson Cobbett in the Great Soal Patent Office on the 10th
April 1879.
WALTER WILLSON COBBETT, of No. 8, Conduit Vale, Greenwich, in the County
of Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN DRIVING BELTS OR
BANDS." (A communication from abroad by William Fenton, of Ionsered, in the
Kingdom of Sweden.)
According to this Invention hose made from cotton, hemp, flax, or other suitable
fibre or substance is so connected together in the process of manufacture as to form
a comparatively solid or compact flat woven driving belt or band. In other words,
the driving belt or band is formed on the principle of double cloth weaving,
whereby two cloths are during the operation of weaving connected and interwoven
by means of binding warp threads passing from one cloth to the other at suitable
intervals. Thus, in the absence of the binding threads, the fabric would form a
tube or hose, but being intersected by them, it constitutes a compact, firm, yet
pliable flat fabric suitable for driving belts or bands, and may be made of any
desirable width and strength, according to the size of the threads used.
In order to give the necessary pliability to the fabric, to the texture, or intersuc-
tions of the hose or double cloth, and to the binding threads connecting them
together, it is necessary that the intersections should be made at suitable intervals,
or in other words, that the entering, draughting, cording, and shedding of the warp
be such as to give the proper result as respects compactness, strength, and pliability.
The accompanying draughtings (which will be understood by weavers) are
designed to effect this object. In these draughtings the mark 0 signifies that the
headle or shaft is down, and the mark x signifies that the headle or shaft is up. It
will be evident that the shedding may be worked either backwards or forwards, or
otherwise modified in arrangement, still producing the same texture of cloth.
In Fig. 1 of the Drawings the upper part of the tube or double cloth is shown to
be woven by means of two headles, and the lower part also by two headles, the two
parts of the cloth or tube being intersected by binding threads governed by a
separate headle as shewn in the design.
In Fig. 2 there are six headles employed to produce the upper and lower parts of
the tube or double cloth, or three headles to each side of the tube, and the double
cloth so formed is intersected and bound together by a separate headle which
governs the binding threads for that purpose, and as shewn in the design. This
plan is for the purpose of producing a stronger belting than by the design indicated
in Fig. 1. Fig. 2x is another form or alternative of Fig. 2.
To produce woven driving belts or bands such as herein-above described, I
arrange the loom to give two blows or beats of the batten or lathe to each pick or
passage of the shuttle, so as to produce a firm, compact, texture or cloth.
This is effected by using a smaller (half size) pinion on the crank shaft, to gear
into the tappet shaft wheel. For opening the sheds for the passage of the shuttle
I use a tappet wheel driven by a pinion on the crank shaft.
For two-shaft hose belting (as Fig. 1) I take, say, a pinion with twenty teeth to
drive a tappet driving wheel with one hundred and sixty teeth, or eight turns to
one. •
For three-shaft hose belting (as Fig. 2) I place, say, a pinion with fourteen teeth
on the crank shaft to work a tappet driving wheel with one hundred and sixty-
eight teeth, thereby getting twelve turns of the crank shaft to one of the tappet
shaft.
The tappet plates are formed and arranged in accordance with the draughting, so
that the headles can be raised or sunk in the necessary order.
It is advantageous to use a shuttle with two bobbius or spools, one in each end of
the shuttle, or double thread on one bobbin, so as to insert a double thread, and
thereby make a inore compact and firm cloth.

page_text: As is obvious, various other kinds of shedding motions may be used in carrying
out this Invention in lieu of tappet motions, and the selvedges of the belts or hands
may be arranged and woven in various ways, so as to form a firm round selvedge,
which the weaver will have no difficulty in effecting.
Thus, for the three-shaft (heavy) belting (Fig. 2), No. 4 on the draught of 3 shaft,
and No. 3 on the draught of 2 shaft, are taken away on first and last draught of
belt, which causes the selvedges to work round, or to forin a more compact edge.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and explained the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect, I hereby declare that what I consider to be
novel and original, and therefore claim as secured to me under the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is, the improved manufacture of woven driving belts or
bands, substantially as herein-before described with reference to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings or draughtings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Willson Cobbett, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
TYTT TATT
AANDAMA