CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF RAISING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
MANNERING, of Dovor, in the County of Kent, Plumber, and HENRY HARRISON,
of Ashford, in the samne County, Plumber, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eighth day of September, in the fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
George Mannering and Henry Harrison, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that we, the said George Mannering and Henry.
Harrison, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, and such others as we, the
said George Mannering and Henry Harrison, our exccutors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to timo
and all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man,
our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF RAISING WATER
AND OTHER FLUIDS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso

page_text: obliging us, the said George Mannering and Henry Harrison, by an instrument
in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
George Mannering and Henry Harrison, do hereby declare that the nature of
our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following description
thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention of Improvements in Raising Water and other Fluids consists
in certain improved methods of constructing the internal parts of pumps,
whereby they may be made with less labour, and will work more easily with
less friction than pumps of the ordinary construction, and are therefore much
more durable. The improvements consist in applying or adapting a narrow
annular or other stationary metallic or other packing to the inside of the pump
barrel, in which stationary packing an accurately fitted bucket works. This
bucket may be made of metal or other suitable substance; but metal is
preferred, as it will last longer than any other material. The external face of
this bucket, which is of a cylindrical shape in the Drawings in preference to
any other, is very accurately ground or turned to a perfectly smooth surface,
and the packing in which it works is attached to the inside of the pump barrel
or cylinder in any convenient manner. But in order that our Invention may
be more perfectly understood, we have shewn in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings various methods of applying our Invention both to ships' and
ordinary pumps.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of one of our improved pumps for ordinary
The pump
purposes; and Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same.
cylinder barrel or casing may be made of wood, lead, cast iron, brass, or other
suitable material. Cast iron we use in preference, as it is stronger than wood
and cheaper than any other metal. The pump barrel casing or cylinder may
be taken just as it comes from the foundry, and requires little or no internal
preparation for the reception of the annular packing, which may be either
screwed down or otherwise secured on to a projecting piece cast in the interior
of the cylinder for that purpose, or attached to the flange by which the upper

page_text: and lower parts are fastened together. The bucket plunger or piston is shown
detached in elevation at Fig. 3. It is a metallic cylinder, its external surfaco
being accurately ground or turned to fit the annular packing, which is shown
detached in Figures 4 and 5; Fig. 4 being a section of a metallic packing
consisting of segments of brass or other metal rings; and Fig. 5 is a similar
view of a packing made of a ring of cork which is enclosed between two
metal rings, and is made to pack closely against the sides of the plunger
bucket or piston by screwing up the metal rings, and by that means forcing
out the cork and making it press against the said buckets, piston, or plunger.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a lift pump, or that description of pump usually
employed in mines and deep wells, and with our Invention applied thereto. Fig. 7
is a similar view of a double action ship's pump constructed according to our
improvements. Fig. 8 is a section of part of a pump on an enlarged scale in
order to shew the parts more clearly. In all these Figures similar letters of
reference denote corresponding parts, and therefore a description of Figure 2 will
suffice for all. a, a, a, a, is the pump barrel or cylinder, made of brass, cast iron,
or other suitable material, as before mentioned. The cylindrical bucket piston
or plunger is shewn at b, and is worked by means of the rod c and handle d.
The annular metallic or other packing e, e, is fastened by screws or otherwise
to a projecting piece cast on to or attached to the sides of the pump barrel, as
before described. f is the valve which admits water into the pump
barrel as
the piston bucket or plunger rises; and g is another valve opening outwards
and connected to the bucket either at the upper part or in any other con-
venient situation, as is well understood by all plumbers. The cylindrical piston
is made about the length of the required stroke. Different methods of
applying the packing to the interior of the pump barrel are shewn in Figures 2,
6, and 7, already alluded to, and as the methods of doing this are evident in
the Drawings, we do not think it necessary to give any more detailed description
thercof.
Having now described our Invention, and the manner of carrying the same
into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not intend to confine our-
selves to any particuliar method of attaching or applying the metallic or other
packing to the interior of pump barrels, nor to the material of which the said
packing is composed. But we claim as the Invention secured to us by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent,―
First, forming the plunger bucket or piston (cylindrical or otherwise) of
sufficient length for the required stroke. And,
Secondly, the novel mode of applying the packing by its forming a part of
the barrel, or being attached thereto in any convenient manner, as above

page_text: rescribed, which packing may be annular or otherwise, according to the shape
of the piston.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Mannering and Henry Harrison,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourth day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-two.