IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH INCUBATORS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Dunn and Henry Thirlwell Cartwright,
both of Mile End, in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH INCUBATORS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Dunn and
Henry Thirlwell Cartwright at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 30th August 1880.
CHARLES HENRY DUNN and HENRY THIRLWELL CARTWRIGHT, both of Mile
End, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH
INCUBATORS,"
This Invention relates to improvements in incubators and artificial mothers used
therewith, the object of the Invention being to so construct the same in combination
with heating apparatus therefor as to avoid the necessity which now exists of
frequently changing the water or of keeping a lamp or gas flame constantly
burning, and also to allow of cold water being employed to charge the apparatus.
In carrying out our Invention the incubator properly so called is of the ordinary
construction, but the heating apparatus combined therewith consists of a vertical
tubular boiler heated by means of a suitable lamp or otherwise; from the upper
part of the boiler pass two sets of horizontal tubes, one above the other, such tubes
passing into or through the incubator cistern. Each tube of the lower set preferably
consists of two concentric tubes, the space between them serving for the passage of
the heating water, the ends of the inner tubes being closed, while the upper set of
tubes instead of having a cylindrical core has a semi-cylindrical core so as to
secure a better flow of water. The tube for supplying the water to the heating
apparatus passes through the top of the apparatus into the back of the hereinbefore.
described sets of tubes.
By this construction of apparatus if the required quantity of water, either hot or
cold, be supplied to the heating apparatus and to the incubator and the lamp be
lighted, the water in the cistern in a short time will be raised to the required
degree for giving the requisite amount of temperature in the drawer of the
apparatus by the circulation of the water in the heating apparatus, and this
temperature will be maintained at a regular degree by means of the circulation of
the same water, and the lamp can now be withdrawn until the temperature of the
water diminishes, which will not be for some considerable time.
A similar method of heating may be employed in combination with artificial
mothers used in connection with incubators.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Henry Dunn and Henry Thirlwell Cartwright in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 25th February 1881.
CHARLES HENRY DUNN and HENRY THIRLWELL CARTWRIGHT, both of Mile
End, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH
INCUBATORS."
This Invention relates to improvements in incubators and artificial mothers used
therewith, the object of the Invention being to so construct the same in combination
with heating apparatus therefor as to avoid the necessity which now exists of
frequently changing the water or of keeping a lamp or gas flame constantly
burning, and also to allow of cold water being employed to charge the apparatus.
But to make our Invention better understood we will proceed to describe the
same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 is a plan;
Figure 2, a front elevation; and Figure 3, a longitudinal-section of an incubator
with our improvements applied thereto.
a, a, a, is the incubator properly so called, and which is of the ordinary
construction, but our improved heating apparatus combined therewith consists of
a vertical tubular boiler b, b, heated by means of a suitable lamp c or in any other
suitable manner. The said boiler is constructed, as shewn, of two flues d, d, shewn
in detached cross section at Figure 4; these flues open into a heat box e from
which the heat and products of combustion pass up through the tubes f, f; into the
upper part g of the boiler, and out (as shewn in plan at Figure 1, where the top of
the boiler is shewn removed) by the chimney h. From the boiler above the 'heat
box e pass the horizontal tubes i, j, the upper tube i having a semi-cylindrical
core k, as shewn in detached end and sectional views at Figure 5, while the lower
heating tube has a cylindrical core l, as shewn in detached end and sectional
views at Figure 6, the spaces m and n respectively forming the water spaces;
these horizontal tubes i and j pass through the incubator cistern o, o, and open
into the vertical tube p which passes through the top of the apparatus, such tube p
serving for supplying the water to the heating apparatus; q, screw cap for closing
the tube p.
The incubator cistern o is filled through the tube ; s is the casing of the
boiler; t, t¹, pipe and cock for discharging the water from the heating apparatus;
u, pipe for the escape of steam from the incubator cistern o; v, pipe for the
discharge of the water from the incubator cistern; w is the egg drawer of the
usual construction; x, thermometer; y, perforated door of the casing s of the
boiler to allow of removing the lamp c.
By this construction of apparatus it will be understood that if the required
quantity of water, either hot or cold, be supplied to the heating apparatus and to
the incubating cistern o, as hereinbefore described, and the lamp c be lighted, the
water in the lieating apparatus will circulate through the tubes and j, and will in
a short time heat the water in the incubator cistern o and raise it to 'the
temperature which it is necessary to maintain in the drawer of the apparatus,
the circulation of the water in the heating apparatus maintaining this temperature
at a regular degree for a considerable time. The said temperature having been
obtained the lamp can be extinguished or removed until the temperature of the
water diminishes.
A similar method of heating may be employed in combination with artificial
mothers used in connection with incubators and needs no further description.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the best means
with which we are acquainted for carrying the same into effect, we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein laid down,

page_text: as the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar character of our
Invention, but what we claim is,―
The improvements in and connected with incubators, substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in the accompanying Drawing or any mere modification
thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Thirlwell Cartwright, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Charles Henry Dunn, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty first day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
HENRY THIRLWELL CARTWRIGHT. (L.S.)