IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND SPINNING OR TWISTING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bywater, of Holbeck, Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND SPINNING OR TWISTING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBRES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bywater at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th November 1872.
I, WILLIAM BYWATER, of Holbeck, Leeds, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND SPINNING OR TWISTING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBRES," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to means by which to effect a draft on and also
a twist to the fibre under operation in its passage from the feed or holding
rollers, or other feeding means, to the flyers or other corresponding
spinning or twisting means. For this purpose the fibre, as it passes
from the feed or holding rollers or other feeding means to the flyer or
other spinning or twisting means, is acted upon to effect a draft by being

page_text: coiled around a spindle to which a compound motion is given, composed
of the rotation of this spindle on its own axis, and a rotary motion at
right angles thereto, by which a draft and a twist are put on the yarn at
the same time.
In an arrangement of parts which I adopt for this purpose this drawing
spindle is supported to revolve in bearings carried by the upper part of a
tube through which the yarn passes from such drawing spindle to the
spinning means, and by this tube having rapid motion given to it by
band or other suitable means, the twisting at this stage is effected, whilst
the motion to the spindle is produced by the teeth of a pinion thereon
taking into a screw thread on the outside of another tube, within which
the tube just referred to revolves, and on which the other parts are
supported.
I find a square section to answer well for the drawing spindle, but I
do not confine myself thereto, as spindles of other sections answer well.
I effect the simultaneous stoppage of the motions of the above parts
and of the spinning spindle of any of a series of them for the purpose of
piecing up broken threads, or for other purposes, by means of a friction
lever-break acting on the warve of the spinning spindle, and a pad of
india-rubber, leather, or other suitable material, to act on the warve of
each of the apparatus above referred to, the two breaks being connected
together by a connecting rod, and brought into action by the foot or
hand of the operator acting on a treddle or handle, and released by a
spring or weight.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 25
filed by the said William Bywater in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BYWATER, of Holbeck, Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 30
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Bywater, Her special license.

page_text: that I, the said William Bywater, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Bywater, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR DRAWING AND SPINNING OR TWISTING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Bywater,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bywater, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is, to say :-
The Invention relates to means by which to effect a draft on and also
a twist to the fibre under operation in its passage from the feed or
holding rollers, or other feeding means, to the flyers or other corre-
sponding spinning or twisting means. For this purpose the fibre, as it
passes from the feed or holding rollers or other feeding means to the
flyer or other spinning or twisting means, is acted upon to effect a draft
by being coiled around a spindle to which a compound motion is given,
composed of the rotation of this spindle on its own axis and a rotary
motion at right angles thereto, by which a draft and a twist are put on
the yarn at the same time.
In an arrangement of parts which I adopt for this purpose this drawing
spindle is supported to revolve in bearings carried by the upper part of a
tube through which the yarn passes from such drawing spindle to the
spinning means, and by this tube having rapid motion given to it by
band or other suitable means, the twisting at this stage is effected, whilst
the motion to the spindle is produced by the teeth of a pinion thereon
taking into a screw thread on the outside of another tube, within which
the tube just referred to revolves, and on which the other parts are
supported.

page_text: I find a square section to answer well for the drawing spindle, but I
do not confine myself thereto, as spindles of other sections answer well.
I effect the simultaneous stoppage of the motions of the above parts
and of the spinning spindle of any of a series of them for the purpose of
piecing up broken threads or for other purposes, by means of a friction
lever-break acting on the warve of the spinning spindle, and a pad of
india-rubber, leather, or other suitable material, to act on the warve of
each of the apparatus above referred to, the two breaks being connected
together by a connecting rod, and brought into action by the foot or
hand of the operator acting on a treddle or handle, and released by a
spring or weight.
But that the Invention may be fully understood, I will, by the aid of
Figure 1 shews by a sectional view parts of apparatus adapted to the
drawing and spinning of wool or other fibres. Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and
7 shew parts in detail and to a larger scale, in order that their construc-
tion may be more fully understood. In each of the Figures the same
letters indicate corresponding parts.
a is the framing; 6 is the driving cylinder or drum which by bands 61
passing each partly round a warve c¹ drives the spinning spindle c in the
ordinary way; d is another driving cylinder or drum, which by bands d¹
passing partly round warves e give motion to the parts which I will now
more particularly describe. Each warve e is applied to a tube e¹, which
is supported so as to be capable of rotating freely in the hollow
supporting socket f, and each of these sockets fis supported in a fixed
rail a¹ of the framing a. Around the upper end of each socket f is
formed a thread or threads f¹, adapted to receive the teeth of a wheel g,
which is applied to an axis supported so as to be capable of freely.
revolving in a bearing e² formed on or applied to the upper end of the
hollow spindle e', so that as that spindle e' revolves within the .socket f
rotary motion may be imparted to the axis h. The projecting outer
end h¹ of the axis his shewn to be of a square sectional form, but this
form may be varied. The lines; indicate the yarn under operation, and
which as it is delivered from the feed roller k passes over the porcupine

page_text: I
roller, and thence it is first passed round the projecting end h¹ of the
spindle h, and then down the interior of the tube e¹ to the spinning
spindle c. Thus it will be seen that as rotary motion is given to the
spindle e', the wheel 9 carried thereby traversing round the socket f will
have rotary motion given to it by the teeth of the wheel traversing
round in the screw thread f¹ formed on the socket f, whereby a corre-
sponding rotary motion will be given to the spindle on its own axis,
and at the same time a motion at right angles thereto, and thus a
drawing and a twisting action will be simultaneously obtained to the.
yarn. ´m is a treddle lever, or it may be a handle which is supported to
turn on the axis m, and is formed with an enlarged end as a counter-
balance at m³. n is a connecting rod by which the lever m is connected
to one end of another lever o, which is supported to turn on an axis at o¹.
'These levers m and o are each formed when acted upon to press on the
respective warves c¹ and e, so as to stop their motion when required
simultaneously; and to facilitate this stopping action, their acting
surfaces are lined with india-rubber, leather, or other suitable elastic
material. e³ is a shield applied to the upper end of the tube e¹ as a
guard to the teeth of the wheel g.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the adaptation or combination of means whereby a draft and a
twist are obtained to the fibre in apparatus for drawing and spinning or
twisting wool and other fibres in manner substantially as described.
Also I claim the means of stopping the motions of the parts substantially
as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bywater, have hereunto set
my hand and seal this Twenty-seventh day of May in the year of
WILLIAM BYWATER. (L.S.)