An Improved Wheel for Vehicles.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 9th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Wheel for Vehicles.
I, OTTO LINDNER, Civil Engineer, of 32, Rue de la Bourse, Brussels, Belgium,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, to construct a wheel which is entirely of metal,
easily applicable to all vehicles now provided with wooden wheels, and which can be
repaired without the help of a skilled workman.
The ring, circumference, or tyre, is made of annealed cast-steel. The cross section
is preferably T shaped, with the inner corners rounded off: but the horizontal part
or flanges of the T may be bent outward, so as to form a kind of groove or gorge
adapted to receive an india-rubber ring, which modification with elastic ring is chiefly
intended for light vehicles in towns. The web or radial part of this metallic ring is
provided with holes distributed equally over the circumference of the wheel, and the
part surrounding each hole is milled flat, in order to fit into the forked extremity of
the corresponding spoke, each spoke having at its outer end a pair of flat radial
extensions parallel to each other, so as to form a fork. The boss or hub of the wheel
is of ordinary cast iron, and the centre is hardened after the casting, by known
methods. The spokes are of steel or good wrought iron or tubes of the saune metal
and provided at the inner end with a screw thread. These spokes are attached to the
hub by means of special connecting or socket pieces. Each end of the said connecting
pieces is provided with a screw thread of the same pitch, one end forming a socket or
nut to receive the threaded inner end of the spoke, while the other forms a stud to be
screwed into the hub.
By means of a suitable spanner, the connecting piece is first screwed upon the
inner end of the spoke, after which the fork of the latter is fitted to the web
of the ring or tyre by means of a rivet or bolt and nut. Subsequently the screw-
threaded stud of the connecting piece is screwed into the hub and thereby the thread
of the spoke partly screwed out of the socket of the connecting piece, until, after the
stud of the connecting piece has been screwed in completely, the further turning
exerts upon the spoke a pressure which gives to the latter the required rigidity.
In order to reduce the cost of construction, the connecting pieces may be omitted,
and the inner ends of the spokes screwed directly into the hub. After the spokes
have been bent, so as to allow their outer ends to pass the inner edge (or inner
circumference) of the tyre, they are straightened, until their forks receive the web of
the ring or tyre, in which position they are fixed by rivets or by bolts and nuts.
Dated this 9th day of June 1890
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Wheel for Vehicles.
1, OTTO LINDNER, Civil Engineer, of 32 Rue de la Bourse, Brussels, Belgium, do
Ohereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object, to construct a wheel, which is entirely of metal,
easily applicable to all vehicles now provided with wooden wheels, and which can be
5 repaired without the help of a skilled workman.
The rim, the spokes and the hub are constructed and arranged in a special manner,

page_text: '
-
hereinafter described, and are combined with connecting pieces between the spokes
and the hub, as will be described in detail.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a face view and Fig. 1 a section of half a wheel embodying my
invention.
T
Fig. 2 is a face view, and Fig. 2" a section of a simplified form.
Fig. 3 represents a further modification and Fig. 3 a detail of the wheel-tyre.
The rim, or tyre felloe A, is made of annealed cast-steel. The cross section is
preferably shaped, with the inner corners a rounded off: but the horizontal part or
Hanges of the T may be bent outward, so as to form a kind of groove or gorge adapted
to receive an india-rubber ring, Fig. 3, which modification with elastic ring is chiefly
intended for light vehicles in towns. The section of the rubber-tyre and of the
corresponding part of the wheel-rim may be round, flat, or of any other convenient
shape. The web or radial part of this metallic rim is provided with holes & distributed
equally over the circumference of the wheel, and the part surrounding each hole is
milled flat, Fig. 3ª, in order to fit into the forked extremity of the corresponding spoke,
each spoke having at its outer end a pair of flat radial extensions e parallel to each
other, so as to form a fork. The hub D of the wheel is of ordinary cast iron, or of
any other suitable metal, and the centre is hardened after the casting, by known
methods. It may be made of one piece or of several pieces, according to requirements.
The spokes E are of steel or good wrought iron, or tubes of the same metal, and
provided at the inner end e with a screw thread. These spokes are attached to the
hub alternately at the front and at the back, by means of special connecting or socket
pieces F, (Figs. 1 and 1"). Each end (g and g¹) of the said connecting pieces is
provided with a screw thread of the same pitch, one end y forming a socket or nut to
receive the threaded inner end of the spoke, while the other forms a stud to be screwed
into the hub.
By means of a suitable spanner, the connecting piece F is first screwed upon the
inner end of the spoke, after the fork of the latter has been fitted to the web a¹ of
the rim A, by means of a rivet or a bolt and nut. Subsequently, the screw-threaded
stud g of the connecting piece is screwed into the hub and thereby the thread e of
the spoke partly screwed out of the socket of the connecting piece, until, after the stud
of the connecting piece has been screwed in completely, the further turning exerts
upon the spoke a tension in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1", which gives to the
latter the required rigidity.
In order to reduce the cost of construction, the connecting pieces may be omitted,
and the inner ends of the spokes screwed directly into the hub, as shown by Figs. 2
and 2. After all the spokes have been screwed into the hub, they are bent hot or cold,
so as to allow their outer ends to pass the inner edge or web a of the rim, they are.
then again straightened by the hammer, preferably in pairs, that is to say, always
diametrically opposite each other, in such a manner, that the fork of each spoke fits
exactly to the flattened part formed around the holes by milling, Fig. 3, the said
holes being intended to receive the rivets or bolts, by means of which the spokes are
permanently connected with the rim.
Lubricators are screwed into the hollow part X X of the hub.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim-
1. A wheel having spokes with screw threads at their inner end, and for each
"spoke a connecting piece provided with an internally screw-threaded end or socket,
adapted to receive the screw-threaded end of a spoke, the connecting piece
having an externally screw-threaded end fitting into a tapped hole formed in the hub
of the wheel, the said hole in the hub being formed alternately at one end and then
at the other end of the hub, in order to distribute the strains of the spokes, the whole
_cas described and for-the-purposes-specified...
2. A wheel having spokes with screw-threaded ends connected to the hub of the
wheel by screw joints, a fork formed at the outer end of each spoke, and a T shaped

page_text: annealed cast steel rim, into the web of which is introduced the forked extremity of
the spoke, adapted to be fixed by rivets or other suitable means, the whole as described
and for the purpose specified.
3. A metal wheel having an annealed cast steel tyre felloe of T shaped section, and
spokes, each of which has at the extremity corresponding to the rim a flat two-pronged
fork, the inner edges of the rim being rounded off, and flat faces being milled into
the rounded part of the web, corresponding in size and shape to the flat prongs of the
fork fitted to this part of the rim.
4. A metal wheel baving an annealed cast steel tyre felloe of a shape adapted to
receive a ring of elastic material, the vertical web being adapted to receive the forked
extremities of the spokes, and each spoke being screwed with its opposite extremity
into a connecting piece inserted between the spoke and the hub of the wheel.
5. A wheel baving a tyre felloe of T section, and spokes introduced at one end by
means of a fork into the web of the T and screwed at the other end into a tappet
socket formed in the hub.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1890
OTTO LINDNER.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London, Agents.