Improved Grinding and Polishing Machinery, and Lap Wheels to be used therewith.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Nov., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 25th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Grinding and Polishing Machinery, and Lap Wheels to be
used therewith.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK BULL, Works Manager to The Alfred Appleby Twin
Roller Chain Syndicate Limited, of Regent Place, in the City of Birmingham,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the grinding, facing, and polishing of various small
articles, and consists in an improved machine and lap wheels to be used therewith
whereby such articles can be more quickly and accurately acted upon than hitherto;
the said machine being for the most part an automatic one.
The machine according to this invention has been chiefly considered in respect
of grinding, facing, and polishing the ends of the cross rivets of cycle drive-chains,
but it is equally applicable for so operating upon other small articles. To make
a good drive chain the cross riveis must be case-hardened, but in order to rivet up
the ends of the shanks those parts must be soft, and it is to remove the hard film
from the ends of the rivets and to render them soft for rivetting which has been
the chief consideration in the construction of the machine.
The machine according to this invention consists essentially of two revolving
lap or emery wheels and a work-carrying wheel or rotating disc, the former being
mounted independently and adjustably within suitable moving bearings on a bed,
or the like, so as to slide thereon and be capable of advancing to each other or
receling, and the latter being mounted upon an axis or within suitable bearings
to rotate transversely to the bed, upon the extension of which it is carried, and
to work between the acting faces of the lap wheels. The work-carrying wheel in
the case of the cross rivets of a drive chain is a chain wheel of the same pitch as
the chain, and this, which is interchangeable to suit the variable pitches of drive
chain, is slowly rotated by hand through a worm and a worm wheel, the one
being carried upon its axis and the other upon a short counter shaft directed at
right angles to the said axis. The chain wheel is so mounted in respect of the lap
wheels that a greater part of it rotates between the acting faces thereof, and upon
this wheel is carried the drive chain with its parts fully connected with the
exception of its rivetting up the ends of its shanks being unrivetable by the
case-hardening.
The sliding bearings or head stocks, which carry, independent of each other,
the emery or lap wheels. are brought up to the chain wheel, to the required distance,
so that they operate upon both ends of the cross rivet at the same time, and when
adjusted are for the time being properly fixed. The axes of the spindles of the
emery or lap wheels are slightly inclined in order to give a small pitch to the
grinding face of the said wheels, the direction of which is to bring the faces of the
wheels a little closer together at the bottom and to space them a little more at the
top.
The centre parts of the faces of the emery or lap wheels are dished or sunken,
which form their acting faces into ring parts only, the centres being clear. This

page_text: is done in order to submit the ends of the rivets of the drive chain to two opera-
tions, the first, which takes place about the middle of the lap wheels, being a
grinding one, and the last, which takes place at the bottom of the lap wheels,
being a polishing one; the pitch of the said lap wheels allowing of this.
Every rivet in its turn is carried by the work wheel between the ring faces of
the lap wheels, and its ends are first roughly ground and then afterwards polished;
the grinding removing the case hardening and softening them, and the polishing
removing the burr and brightening them.
To pitch the lap wheels an adjustment may be provided upon the heads carrying
them or their bearings may be bored slightly inclined, or the bed upon which the
headstocks slide may be slightly inclined or made to lift.
The work-carrying wheel can be automatically rotated, which would then only
require the chain to be fed onto its periphery, and the said wheel may be
adjustably carried so as to raise it or lower it, tilt it, or transversely reciprocate it
in respect of the lap wheels.
1067
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
11, Burlington Chambers, New Street, Birmingham,
Agents for Applicant.
Improved Grinding and Polishing Machinery, and Lap Wheels to be
used therewith.
I. GEORGE FREDERICK BULL, Works Manager to The Alfred Appleby Twin
Roller Chain Syndicate Limited, of Regent Place, in the City of Birmingham,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
This invention pertains to the grinding, facing and polishing of various small
articles and consists in an improved machine and lap or emery wheels to be used
therewith whereby such articles can be more quickly and accurately operated
upon to a set gauge than hitherto. The said machine is for the most part an
automatic one, as it is only necessary to feed the articles into it by hand.
The machine according to this invention is characterised by two revolving lap
or emery wheels and a work carrying wheel or rotating disc, the first named being
mounted independently and adjustably within suitable moving bearings on a bed,
or the like, so as to slide thereon and be capable of having their faces and axes
tilted from right angled lines, and the last named being mounted upon an axis,
or within suitable bearings, to rotate transversely to the bed as aforesaid and work
between the acting inclined faces of the lap wheels.
This invention has considerable utility for grinding facing and polishing the
ends of the cross rivets of cycle and like drive chains, as the said grinding action
softens the said ends at the same time as it removes the film of case hardening
which covers them, and which must be removed before the said ends can be
successfully rivetted. When operating upon such chains the work carrying wheel
upon which the work is fed to the lap wheels takes the form of a suitably cut
cycle chain wheel, the same being arranged to rotate within and between the lap
wheels faces. A machine constructed for operating upon such cross rivets is
illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings, and will be hereinafter particu-
larly described as an illustration of the invention, reference letters being used

page_text: to indicate the various parts. In the said sheet a front-side elevation and a
transverse vertical section (and part elevation) of a complete machine is respec-
tively shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the last named fig. being taken upon the line F;
whilst detailed views in Figs. 3 and 4 show respectively in plan and vertical
section the arrangement and construction of the machine's primary parts. In
Fig. 5a short length piece of drive chain with the ends of the shanks of the
cross rivets protruding from its sides is set forth, whilst in Fig. 6 a method by
which the acting faces of the lap or emery wheels can be tilted is shown applied
to one of the bearings sliding upon the bed and carrying a lap wheel.
Referring to the said figs.. c, d, are the two revolving lap or emery wheels,
and is the work carrying chain wheel, which is capable of being independently
rotated between them. The first named are mounted upon spindles c³, P,
journalled in head stocks &³, d, mounted to slide upon a bed, a, which forms a
base to the machine; whilst the last named is carried upon a short shaft, g³,
which makes its bearings in an upright bracket mounted adjustably upon the
bed, a, so as to slide longitudinally between the head-stocks. The work carrying
wheel 9 is cut to the same pitch as the chain, Fig. 5, and is connected to the
shaft, or to the bracket so that it is interchangeable, and it is adapted to
be slowly rotated by hand through the medium of a worm, g, and a worm wheel, g³,
which gear with each other and which are respectively carried upon a counter-
shaft, and the shaft the said countershaft being directed and mounted to
work in extensions, g, of the bracket at right angles to the direction of the
shaft 2. The work wheel is arranged so that a greater part of it revolves
between the acting faces,, of the lap wheels, and it carries the drive chain
upon its periphery in the assembled but unrivetted condition as shown by Fig. 5.
The bracket is clamped to the bed a by a screw bolt h, a nut h², and a cross
bar ³, shown in Fig. 2.
as
The head stocks 3, 3, which carry the lap wheels, are brought up to the work
wheel, g, so that the said lap wheels will operate upon both ends of the cross
rivets simultaneously as the chain is carried between them by the work wheel,
and after being properly adjusted the said head stocks are for the time being
rigidly clamped to the bed a. The axes of the spindles,, are slightly inclined
as shown, in order to give a small pitch to the grinding faces c, d, of the lap
wheels, the direction of the said pitch being such to bring the
said faces a little closer together at the bottom and to space then an equivalent
degree at the top. This pitching of the acting faces of the lap wheels is for the
purpose of obtaining a gradual grinding of the faces of the shanks of the cross
rivets as they pass between the said wheels, and is accomplished by planing the
undersides of the bases of the head stocks (as shown in Figs. 1 and 2)
inclined or at an angle to the axes of the spindles c, . In Fig. 6 is shown another
In this view the underside of the
method of inclining the lap wheel's faces.
base of the head stock is parallel with the spindle c³, but a tilt is given to the
head stock by a screw pin or bolt i, which takes through its base and abuts against
the face of the bed a. A number of such screw pins may be used, or other
equivalent devices.
The head stocks ³, are finely adjusted on the bed a, so as to gauge the
distance between the acting faces of the lap wheels, by devices such as m, m³;
the former being a rotatable screw bolt, and the latter a bracket, boltial to the bed,
in which the said screw bolt takes a bearing.
The lap wheels are constructed in the following manner: The centre parts n
of their faces are dished or sunken, which forms their acting faces into ring parts
as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 4. This is done in order to submit the ends of
the rivets of the drive chain to two operations the first, which takes place some-
where about the middle of the lap wheels, being a grinding one, and the last,
which takes place below the centre of the lap wheels, being a polishing or
finishing one the pitch of the said lap wheels allowing of this. Each rivet in
its turn is carried by the work wheel between the lap wheels ring faces, and its

page_text: ends are first roughly ground and softened by the heat created, and then after-
wards polished or finished by removing the burr and brightening them; it being
understood that the said rivets are out of contact with the ring faces of the
emery wheels when near their centre.
The machine according to this invention is applicable for grinding, facing
and trueing numerous articles, it being only necessary to substitute for the chain
wheel a device which will properly carry the work to be operated upon and
bring it between the lap wheels, the latter being also capable of adjustment and
pitch to gauge the grinding and facing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First. A machine for grinding, facing, trueing and such like, charac-
terised by a pair of revolving lap wheels adjustably mounted and carried
on a bed so as to slide, and a rotatable work carrying wheel or similar device
carrying work, and which is adapted to rotate or work between the acting faces
of the said lap wheels and bring the work in contact therewith, substantially as
set forth.
Second. A machine for grinding, facing, trueing and such like, distinguished
by a pair of revolving lap wheels adjustably mounted and carried on a bed so as
to slide and be tilted in respect of their acting faces, and a rotatable wheel or
similar device which is adapted to carry work and to rotate between the tilted
faces of the said lap wheels and bring the said work in contact with the said faces,
substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination of a pair of sliding and tilting head stocks carrying
rotatable lap wheels so as to be adjacent to each other, the said head stocks being
mounted upon a suitable bed, a rotatable work wheel carried on said bed and
arranged so as to work between the inclined acting faces of the lap wheels, a
means for finely adjusting the said head stocks upon the said bed, and devices
for rotating the work carrying wheel, substantially as described and set forth
in Figs. 1 to 4.
Fourth. In a machine as claimed in the preceding claim, the device for bodily
tilting the head stocks, substantially as described and illustrated in Fig. 6.
Fifth. In a machine of the kind described and claimed, making the lap wheels
with dished centres and ring-like acting faces, substantially as set forth in
Figs. 2 and 4.
Sixth. The general arrangement and fitting of the parts in combination as
set forth in Figs. 1 to 4.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co..
11, Burlington Chambers, New Street, Birmingham,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.