IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cleland Davidson, of Belfast, in the County of
Antrim, Ireland, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS."
Sealed the 29th August 1879, and dated the 14th March 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cleland Davidson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1879.
SAMUEL CLELAND DAVIDSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS."
My Invention has reference to the stoves or heating apparatus described in the
Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me and dated the 15th day of
December 1877, No. 4773.
The improvements consist in having a smoke chamber attached to the back of the
fire place of the said apparatus and in having a communication door in the divisional
plate between it and the fire, which when open will allow the products of combus-
tion from the fire to pass direct into this smoke chamber and thence direct to the
chimney without having to pass round the various flues within the apparatus and
so get cooled, and by thus escaping to the chimney comparatively uncooled a stronger
draught therein may be created when required. And further, in a modification of
the position and arrangement of the general smoke flue which communicates
between the smoke chamber of the apparatus and the chimney; the smoke after
passing through the smoke chambers escapes therefrom through openings into
a main flue below the heater, and from thence it passes through a neck of this flue
into the smoke box and chimney. The improvements also consist in having the
casing for enclosing, the apparatus to check loss of heat by radiation so applied
to it that a space is left between it and the apparatus for the passage of air to assist
in keeping down the temperature in the casing, while at the same time increasing
the air heating surface within the apparatus. And this casing I now preferably
have made of two sheetings of sheet iron with a space between them, which
space is filled with any suitable non-conducting material.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Cleland Davidson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th September 1879.
SAMUEL CLELAND DAVIDSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR HEATING APPARATUS."
The improvements relate to the stove or heating apparatus described in the
Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me and dated 15th day of
December 1877, No. 4773, which Specification is herein-after referred to as "my
previous Specification."
The improvements consist in having a smoke chamber attached to the back of the
fire place of the said apparatus and in having a communication door in the divisional
plate between it and the fire, to allow the products of combustion to pass direct
into the smoke chamber when the door is open and thence direct to the chimney
without having of necessity to pass round the various flues within the apparatus
and thereby becoming cooled, and by thus escaping to the chimney comparatively
uncooled a stronger draught' therein may be created when required; and, further,
in a modification of the position and arrangement of the general smoke flue which
communicates between the smoke chambers of the apparatus and the chimney. The
smoke after passing through the smoke chambers escapes therefrom into a main
flue below the heater or stove, and from thence it passes through a neck of this flue
into the smoke box, and then into the chimney. The improvements also consist
in having the casing for enclosing the heater or stove and checking loss of heat
therefrom by radiation, so applied that a space is left between it and the heater for
the passage of air, which assists in keeping down the temperature of the casing,
while at the same time the air heating surface within the apparatus is thereby
increased.
This casing I now preferably make with two sheetings of sheet iron with a space
between them, which space is filled with any suitable non-conducting material.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate these improvements.
Figure 1 is a vertical section from front to back of the apparatus through the
casing, hot air exit flue, and heater plates, and showing the furnace mouthpiece,
smoke box, and smoke chimney in elevation; Figure 2 is also a vertical section
from front to back, but cutting through the furnace mouthpiece, furnace smoke box,
and chimney; Figure 3 is a front elevation of the side where the furnace door is
Figure 4 is a ground plan of the main flue; Figure 5 is a similar plan, but showing
the iron rails for supporting the ash plate and inner corners of the heater plates;
Figure 6 is a plan of the apparatus showing the heater or stove as enclosed within
the casing; Figure 7 is a vertical section across the fire place through one of the
air heating chambers and through the casing; Figure 8 is a similar section, but
through one of the smoke chambers of the heater; Figure 9 is an elevation of the
end plate of the heater for enclosing the last air heating chamber.
The letters which indicate the several parts are the same in each Figure, and are
as follows:-
A. the heater casing.

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I, door giving direct communication between the fire and the smoke box.
J, handle for regulating this door.
K, cleaning door in the base of the smoke box.
L, openings in the flanges of the plates which form the smoke chambers of the
heater for exit of the smoke therefrom into the main flue beneath.
M, rails for supporting the ash plate and the inner corners of the heater plates.
N, sides of the main flue beneath the heater and upon which the heater itself
stands.
O, ash plate supported by the rails M.
P, fire box and fire bars."
R, furnace door.
The arrows indicate the directions of the currents of air or products of combustion
from the furnace, as the case may be.
From these Drawings it will be readily understood that the smoke from the
furnace of the heater after passing through the smoke chamber escapes therefrom
through the openings L into the main flue H, and thence passes through the neck
of the flue at G into the smoke box F, and thence into the chimney E.
In my previous Specification the main flue for carrying the smoke from the smoke
chambers of the heater to the chimney was shown above where the present ash
plate O is represented in the accompanying Drawings, and the openings from the
smoke chambers into it were in the flanges on each side, and this plan of flue might
still be used with the present modifications of the chimney arrangement, but I pre-
ferably use the arrangement of flue, as shown in the accompanying Drawings at G
and H, as it gives a more even draught over all the smoke chambers of the heater,
and as the metal sides of the flues are securely fastened to one another and to the
bed plate which forms the bottom of the flue they make a good foundation to stand
the heater upon.
'
In the accompanying Drawings, as in those of my previous Specification, the
plates of the heater are represented as made each in one piece, but when a large
size of heater is required the plates may be made in parts and jointed together,
preferably in two parts, jointed above the fire place either by bolting together the
flanges indicated by the dotted lines in Figures 7 and 8.
The casing A is separated from the heater all round by a space C, C, through which
a current of air ascends to the hot air flue D and usefully assists in taking off a
portion of the heat radiated to the casing from the heater, and thereby helps to
keep down the temperature of the casing.
At I, in Figure 2, is shown the door for giving the products of combustion
from the fire a direct passage into the smoke box F. The use of this improvement
is that when lighting the fire in the heater it is at first occasionally difficult for a
time to get the chimney to draw the smoke round through all the flues of the
heater, and by opening the door I the smoke can at once pass direct into the
chimney from the fire without having to go round through the heater flues and a
draught can thus be obtained from the first. When it gets properly established the
door at I can be closed again and the smoke caused to traverse its customary
course through the flues of the heater before reaching the chimney.
Having now described the nature of my present improvements in stoves or
heating apparatus and the means of carrying the same into effect; I declare that I
claim as my Invention the combinations of the parts which form these improve-
ments, that is to say, the arrangement in connection with the air heating apparatus
described in my previous Specification, of the smoke box, and direct communication
door between it and the fire; also of the main smoke flue; also of the heater casing,

page_text: all substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cleland Davidson, have hereunto Bet
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of September, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
S. C. DAVIDSON. (L.S.)