A New or Improved Process for the Treatment and Refining of Vegetable Oils, During or Subsequent to their Expression from Nuts, Beans, Seeds, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 24th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 21st Mar., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Process for the Treatment and Refining of
Vegetable Oils, During or Subsequent to their Expression from
Nuts, Beans, Seeds, and the like.
1, GEORGE MITCHFLL, of 47 Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of
London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows.-
Many vegetable oils have an extremely unpleasant flavour, although expressed
from nuts, beans, seeds, or Quit which are not only free from such objectionable
Amell and taste, but are actually agreeable to the ordinary palate This 18 most
marked in the case of castor oil, the seeds of the "ricinus communis" from which
t expressed having, unless very old, a pleasant nutty flavour, while the oil
itself is nauseous in the extreme The reactions which lead to this change, are
caused by moisture, air, and heat, which singly oi conjomtly produce fermentation
or oxidation and the consequent deterioration of the oil.
Now this invention has for its object the production of castor, olive, and similar
vegetable oils, free from these defects, and it consists in subjecting the oil to the
necessary treatment in chambers on vessels from which the au and natural moisture
have been extracted, and without at any period of its treatment allowing the
temperature of the oil to reach the point of fermentation, thus conducting the
whole of the operations involved in the process, subsequent to, or meluding
the pressing in varup
by which means the oil 18 freed from its natural
moisture without any chemical change or fermentative action having been
set up.
"
"
The essential feature of the invention consists in receiving the oil as soon as IL
lows from the nuts, beaus, seeds, or fruits, or from the press which expresses it
from them, iuto a vessel or series of vessels, in which is maintained a vacuum, and
from which the oil can be drawn to bottles inside which a vacuum has been
produced. Any necessary treatment can be given between the press and the
bottling, such as filtration, provided it can be conducted "n vacuo it being
understood that the oil as soon as it is expressed from the seed, or as soon as it
Hows from the press which effects this purpose, is drawn into a vacuum, which is
maintained in all the vessels through which it passes, until it is bottled, and that
the whole of the cham of operations 18 conducted in a temperature below that
which is necessary to produce fermentation and without the addition of added
moisture.
Dated the 8+1 day of May 100%
WILLIAM J. MUNDEN,
106 Pory Park Road, Kilburn, London, N.W.
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: A New or Improved Process for the Treatment and Refining of
Vegetable Oils, During or Subsequent to their Expression from
Nuts, Beans, Seeds, and the like.
1, GEORGE MITCHELL of 47 Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of
London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement.—
"
Many vegetable oils have an extremely unpleasant flavour, although expressed
from nuts, beans, seeds, or fiunt which are not ouly free from such objectionable
smell and taste, but are actually agreeable to the ordinary palate This is most
marked in the case of castor oil, the seeds of the "ricinus communis from which
it 18 expressed having, unless very old, a pleasant nutty flavour, while the oil
itself is nauseous in the extreme. The reactious which fend to this change are
caused by moisture, an, and heat, which singly or conjointly produce fermentation,
or oxidation, and the consequent deterioration of the oil.
Now this invention has for its object the production of castor, olive, and similar
vegetable oils fice from these defects, and it consists in subjecting the oil to tho
necessary treatment in chambers or vessels from which the au and natural moisture
bave been extracted, and without at any period of its treatment allowing the
temperature of the oil to reach the point of fermentation, thus conducting the
whole of the operations involved in the process, subsequent to, or including
the pressing, " Vucko
by which neaus the oil is freed from its natural
moisture without any chemical change or fermertative action having been
set up.
"
3
The essential feature of the invention consists in receiving the oil as soon as it
flows from the nuts, beans, seeds, or fruits, or from the press which expresses it
from them, into a vessel or series of vessels in which is maintained a vacuum, and
from which the oil can be drawn into bottles inside which a vacuum has been
produced.
Any necessary treatment can be given between the press and the bottling auch
as filtration, provided it can be conducted "in vacuo," it being understood that the
oil as soon as it is expressed from the seed, or as soon as it flows from the press
which effects this purpose, is drawn into a vacuum, which is maintained in all the
vessels though which it passes, until it is bottled, and that the whole of the
chain of operations is conducted in a temperature below that which is necessary to
produce fermentation, and without the addition of moisture.
"
A suitable chain of operations all of which may be conducted "n vacuo lb as
follows.
The press used for expressing the oil is preferably of the type described in my
British Patent Number 16,259 dated September 10th 1892, and this or any other
press used may be enclosed in such manner that the oil as soon as expressed 1
received into a vacuum chamber. But in general the press 18 open to the air and
the expressed oil flows from it into a receptacle from which it is drawn into the
first of the series of vessels in which the process is carried out This first vessel
18 a suitable filter so arranged as to remove all the solid impurities which can be
removed by mechanical means, and upon a vacuum being formed in the outflow pipe
of this filter the oil is sucked or drawn through it and thereby filtered. It then
passes into one or more cylindrical or other shaped vessels, in which it remains a
sufficient time for the water or other moisture which is naturally present to he
extracted by means of the vacuum which is maintained in these vessels at the
surface of the oil.

page_text: Tbe refined oil is then drawn or sucked into the bottling vessel or apparatus,
which may be of any suitable type, but is preferably of the kund which forms the
subject of an Application for Letters Patent in Great Britain No. 9155 dated
May 8th 1895, in which the oil is contained in a reservoir, the upper part of which
is in connection with a vacuum vessel or pumps which having exhausted the air
from the bottling apparatus or reservoir, maintains a vacuum in the whole of the
vessels in which the chain of operations is conducted, which vacuum serves to diaw
the oil forward from one vessel to the other. The upper part of the vessels in
which the natural moisture is extracted are placed in connection with the vacuum
vessel or pump by an independent pipe which takes away the moisture, and which
is so arranged and connected to the vessels that none of this moisture can, when
once extracted from the oil, drop back upon or into it. The under side of the
bottling apparatus has one or more cocks so arranged that a nozzle engages with
the mouth of a bottle, and forms an air-tight joint therewith, so that a vacuum,
being first produced in the bottle by placing it in connection with the vacuum
vessel or pump, the bottling reservoir is next opened to the bottle, which is thus
filled with oil, and ready to be corked.
Ilaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The process of treating and refining vegetable oils which consists in conducting
all the necessary operations at a low temperature and in a vacuum which is
maintained from the press to the bottle.
2. The process of treating and refining vegetable oils, by submitting the same
to the action of a vacuum in a closed vessel or vessels, aud maintaining a
temperature below that at which fermentation would be set up, thereby preventing
contact of the air, extracting the moisture present in the oil, and preventing
fermentation.
3. The process of treating and refining vegetable oils whereby during the whole
of the period that the oil is passing from the press to the bottles, the air is
prevented from coming into contact with it, the moisture is extracted, and such a
temperature is maintained that fermentation 18 not set up, substantially aB
described.
Dated this 17th day of January 1896.
WILLIAM J. MUNDEN,
106 Priory Park Road, Kilburn, London, N.W.,
Agent for the Applicant.