IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOORCLOTH, AND IN ORNA- MENTING OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT. to Samuel Hawksworth, of Doncaster, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOORCLOTH, AND IN ORNA-
MENTING OTHER SURFACES."
Sealed the 11th March 1862, and dated the 19th September 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Hawksworth at
the Oflice of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th September 1861.
I, SAMUEL HAWKSWORTH, of Doncaster, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOORCLOTH. AND IN
ORNAMENTING OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of floor-
cloth, and in ornamenting other surfaces. For these purposes linseed oil is
boiled slowly or simmered in a close vessel or boiler for some days with a
small proportion of litharge and Burgundy pitch, until they become of a con-
sistency somewhat similar in fluidity to tar; this compound is then placed in á
masticator or mixing machine, and combined with suitable coloring matters,
earths, or pigments, so as to produce any desired color, and such coloring
matters may be so employed and mixed as to imitate marbles or stones when
rolled out into sheets, as hereafter explained. This compound is next rolled
out into sheets between paper, calico, or other fabrics, suitably prepared with
size or otherwise, to prevent them absorbing the oil of the plastic compound
before described. One of the two surfaces of paper or other fabrics is then to
be removed or stripped off from the sheet of the compound, and the sheet is
then to be cut into any desired forms or devices or parts of devices, in order
[Price 8d1

page_text: that when the pieces are brought together and caused to adhere to canvas or
other suitable surfaces varied patterns may be produced, according to the
forms and devices into which such sheets are cut, and the varied colors which
are used in composing a surface, and that surface from which the paper has
been stripped will adhere to the surface of canvas or other material when
pressed thereon.
In order to prepare the canvas or other fabric or surface on to which the
cut out portions of the sheets are to be fixed, so that such pieces may adhere,
and become, so to speak, a paving or coating thereon, such canvas, or other
fabric or surface is to be first coated with a like preparation to that above
described, but more luid than that from which the sheets are prepared, and
this composition is rolled on to the canvass or other fabric, and the ornamental
paving or coating is produced by laying the pieces composing a pattern on to
the prepared surface whilst it is still adhesive, and such pieces are laid on
immediately on stripping off the paper or fabric between which it has been
rolled out, but when wood or other absorbent surfaces are to receive the orna-
mental coating or paving, then a coat of ordinary paint or of paint prepared
from the elastic oil above described is used, and before the paint so laid on is
dry the pieces of the composition composing a pattern are laid on and pressed
to the surface. When glass or non-absorbent surfaces are to be coated no
preparation is necessary; the pieces of sheets composing a design may be at
once placed and pressed on the glass immediately on removing one of the
surfaces of paper or other fabric between which the sheet has been formed
and the second surface of the paper or other fabric used when making a sheet
is stripped off after the pieces have been made to adhere.
When applying the pieces of paving or ornamenting coating on canvas or
other fabrics they may be embossed by passing between suitable rollers properly
engraved, and smooth compact surfaces may be produced by passing the conted
canvas or fabric between smooth pressing rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed 30
by the said Samuel Hawksworth in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 19th March 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HAWKSWORTH, of Doncaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 35
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Samuel Hawksworth, Her special licence that I, the said Samuel Hawks-
worth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Samuel Hawksworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOUNCLOTH, AND IN ORNAMENTING OTHER
SURFACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that 1, the said Samue!
Hawksworth, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Oflice within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Hawksworth, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of floor-
cloth, and in ornamenting other surfaces. For these purposes linseed oil is
boiled slowly or simmered in a close vessel or boiler for some days with a
small proportion of litharge and Burgundy pitch, until they become of a con-
sistency somewhat similar in fluidity to tar; this compound is then placed in a
masticator or mixing machine, and combined with suitable coloring matters,
earths, or pigments, so as to produce any desired color, and such coloring
matters may be so employed and mixed as to imitate marbles or stones when
rolled out into sheets, as hereafter explained. For this purpose it is preferred
to employ at the rate of about a quarter of a pound of litharge to each gallon
of oil. This mixture is caused to simmer or boil slowly for about three days,
when about two pounds of Burgundy pitch is added to each gallon of the oil
in the previous mixture, the pitch being in a boiling state. These materials
being well mixed, are allowed to simmer for about half an hour. The mixture
is kept for some days and then used. This compound is next rolled out into
sheets between paper, calico, or other fabrics suitably prepared with size or
otherwise, to prevent them absorbing the oil of the plastic compound before
described. One of the two surfaces of paper or other fabrics is then to be

page_text: removed or stripped off from the sheet of the compound, and the sheet is then
to be cut into any desired forms or devices or parts of devices, in order that
when the pieces are brought together, and caused to adhere to canvas or other
suitable surfaces, varied patterns may be produced according to the forms
and devices into which such sheets are cut, and the varied colors which are
used in composing a surface, and that surface from which the paper has been
stripped will adhere to the surface of canvas or other material when pressed
thereon.
In order to prepare the canvas or other fabric or surface on to which the cut
out portions of the sheets are to be fixed, so that such pieces may adhere, and
become, so to speak, a paving or coating thereon, such canvas or other fabric
or surface is to be first coated with size, and afterwards with a like preparation
to that above described, but more fluid than that from which the sheets are
prepared, and this composition is rolled on to the canvas or other fabric, and
the ornamental paving or coating is produced by laying the pieces composing
a pattern on to the prepared surface whilst it is still adhesive, and such pieces
are laid on immediately on stripping off the paper or fabric between which it
has been rolled out; but when wood or other absorbent surfaces are io.receive
the ornamental coating or paving, then a coat of ordinary paint or of paint
prepared from the elastic oil above described is used, and before the paint so
laid on is dry the pieces of the composition composing a pattern are laid on
and pressed to the surface. When glass or non-absorbent surfaces are. to be
coated no preparation is necessary; the pieces of sheets, composing a design
may be at once placed and pressed on the glass immediately on removing one
of the surfaces of paper or other fabric between which the sheet has been
formed, and the second surface of the paper or other fabric used when making
a sheet is stripped off after the pieces have been made to adhere.
When applying the pieces of paving or ornamenting coating on canvas or
other fabrics, they may be embossed by passing between suitable rollers
properly engraved, and smooth compact surfaces may be produced by passing
the coated canvas or fabric between smooth pressing rollers.
In witness whereof, 1, the said Samuel Hawksworth, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
SAMUEL HAWKSWORTH. (L.S.)