Improvements in Baling Presses.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 18th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL STEUEROA LIŪN.
Improvements in Baling Presses.
I, JAMES WATSON of 8 Pembridge Villas, Bayswater, in the County of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
My invention has reference to baling presses and more particularly to presses
which have (1) one, two or more charging boxes which are successively filled with
the material to be pressed and (in the case of more than one box) are then by a
revolving movement brought into a position in which the said material receives a
first or preparatory compression from a ram or rams which force it from the
charging boxes into a position where it is retained by a suitable holder; and
(2) two or more revolving portions or holders which receive the partly compressed
bale or material from the charging boxes and transfer it to a position in which it
receives a final or finishing pressure from one or more finishing rams.
One object of my invention is to utilize as part of the charging boxes that
receive the loose material the side and end doors which form the chamber in which
the bale is partly compressed by the first or preparing ram or rams whereby the
stroke of these rams is much shortened the height of the press reduced and the
pumping power and capacity also reduced.
In carrying out this part of my invention I employ a set of two or more charging
boxes which by a revolving movement can be brought successively first into a
position in which they receive the loose material and then into a position in line
with the preparing ram, the upper portions of these boxes consisting of side and
end doors, which form the chamber in which the bale is partly compressed by the
preparing ram or rams. These doors can be opened as hereinafter described. In
conjunction with these boxes I employ a revolving apparatus having two or more
arms which can be brought successively first into position in line with the preparing
On each of these arms
rams and then into position in line with the finishing rams.
are mounted two horizontal rods or shafts carried in bearings on the arms and to
these rods are pivoted hooks or links, two or more for each side of each arm.
These hooks can be slid along their rods so as to occupy as required either a
position in which they will engage with the lashing plate or a position near the
inner end of the arm where they are clear of the lashing plate and bale.
The operation is as follows:-One of the charging boxes with preferably a loose
lashing plate at the bottom having been filled up to the top of the doors which
form the upper part of the said box, these doors being closed and locked the box
is moved round into position in line with the preparing ram or rams, the same
movement bringing the other charging box (supposing there are two boxes) into
position for filling. The material in the full box is then compressed by the
preparing ram or rams into that part of the box which is formed by the end and
side doors, the side doors are then unlocked and opened carrying the end doors
with them. Next the hooks are pushed along their rods and made to
with
the underside of the lashing plate. The preparing ram now recedes leaving the
partly compressed bale and lashing plate in the grip of the hooks. The revolving
apparatus is next turned so as to bring this bale into line with the finishing ram
which then gives the finishing pressure the lashing plate being pushed clear of the
hooks. The bale is next lashed or hooped, the finishing ram allowed to recede
until the lashing plate again rests on the hooks; the bale is now tumbled out and
the revolver being then again turned this lashing plate is carried into line with
the preparing ram which is waiting to receive it, another partly compressed bale
engage

page_text: being at same time moved from the preparing ram into line with the finishing ram.
The preparing ram is made to advance sufficiently to lift the lashing plate clear
of the hooks which are then pushed along their rods out of the way so as to allow
the doors of the box to be closed and locked. The preparing ram now fails to the
bottom of the charging box and the box is turned into position for receiving a
fresh charge the same turning movement bringing the other box which has been
charged into line with the preparing ram. The end doors are hinged on the side
doors, preferably both of them on the same side door, and the side doors also form
locks for the end doors. One of the end doors preferably forms a hasp in which
the lock bolt is shot so as to bind all four doors together in position.
According to another arrangement sliding hooks such as those above described
are made to engage not with a lashing plate as in the previous arrangement but
with the underside of the bale itself, the hooks passing into grooves in the face of
a plate that takes the place of the lashing plate at the preparing side of the press.
Consequently only the bale is carried by the hooks from the preparing side to the
finishing side of the press where there is a lashing plate that is preferably fixed to
or cast with the follower of the finishing ram.
Another object of my invention is to greatly reduce the size and weight of
baling presses and consequently the cost of manufacture, freight, carriage by road
and rail and the buildings required for containing them. This object is chiefly
attained by constructing the press in such manner that all or some only of the
doors or walls that form the chambers in which the material is partly compresse I
at the preparing side of the press do not travel with the revolving arms to the
finishing side of the press. In the arrangements already herein described this
object is effected because the doors or walls of the chambers only move from the
filling or charging position to the preparing side of the press and vice versa and not
to the finishing side. I also apply this part of my invention to presses in which
the doors or walls that form the compression chamber at the preparing side do not
move to the filling or charging position. I mount the doors so that they do not
move from the preparing side and they form the compression chamber at this side
for each of the arms of the revolving apparatus in succession. The outer end
door is preferably carried by a horizontal screw which passes through an enlarged
part of one of the supporting columns of the press so that this door can be moved
backwards towards that column to be clear of the revolving apparatus as this is
being turned with a partially compressed bale from the preparing side to the
finishing side of the press and so that it can on the other hand be moved forward
into position to form the end of the compression chamber. The inner end door is
hinged to the end of one of the side doors and a projecting part of this end door
forms a hasp into which a lock bolt on the other side door is shot when it is
required to lock the doors in their closed position. Projections on the side doors
lock the outer end door from top to bottom and a projection on the bottom of this
door takes against the end of the revolving frame whilst its upper end takes
against the top lashing plate. This door is thus locked in both directions. The
other end door is locked on one side by the hinge pin & on the other side it takes
into a groove in the side door and is thereby locked on that side from practically top
to bottom. When the bale has been compressed in the compression chamber by
the preparing ram the lock bolt is withdrawn and the side doors are pushed back
one of them carrying with it the inner end door; the outer end door is drawn
back to the column by means of the screw. The bale is now held only at top and
bottom by the lashing plates the frames or arins that carry these plates being
bound together. As thus held the bale is turned to the finishing side of the press.
The doors are then closed and locked ready to form a compression chamber for the
next bale at the preparing side.
In carrying out the above arrangement I can construct the revolving apparatus
in such manner that no large centre piece as hitherto generally employed in presses
of this class is required on the main column. I cause the revolving apparatus to
rest on a ball bearing on the main column and 1 connect the top plate of the

page_text: revolving apparatus (which top plate is preferably made in one piece) to the frames
that form the bottom of the revolving apparatus (which frames are also preferably
made in one piece) by vertical bolts so that they may withstand the bursting strain
of the partly compressed bale when being turned from the preparing side to the
finishing side of the press; these vertical bolts constitute pillars between the said
top plate and the bottom frames and thereby produce a rigid revolving apparatus.
The top plate is bored to fit the column on which it revolves and a parting piece
between the bottom frames and preferably made in two pieces and preferably of a
thickness equal to the thickness or depth of the frames is bored to fit the column
at that part so that the revolving apparatus is guided at top and bottom without
any centre piece except the column itself.
According to another way of carrying out this part of my invention the side
doors as in the arrangement last described do not move to the finishing side of the
press, but the end doors are hinged on the revolving apparatus and are carried
round with it from the preparing side to the finishing side and there must be two
of these end doors for each arm of the revolver. The end doors although carried
round to the finishing side do not in that position bind the bale end wise when
receiving the finishing pressure but are kept free from the strong end pressure due
to the tendency of the material to then expand end ways. In order that these
doors shall take up as little space as possible so that the bale may be easily
removed from the press I preferably mount them on excentric hinges or other like
devices which when given a half turn carry the doors in parallel lines clear of their
locked positions to the extent of the throw of the excentrics and conversely.
These doors may be secured at their lower ends by locks taking into the revolving
apparatus and in this case a separate lock would be required for each door and
the doors would have to be extra thick; I therefore prefer to lock both end doors
by means of projectious on the side doors at one end and at the other end by
recesses in the side doors; a hasp is passed outside the end doors to lock the side
doors.
According to another arrangement 1 construct the revolving apparatus with a
centre piece which forms the inner ends of the two (or more) chambers into which
in turn the material is compressed at the preparing side of the press and I hinge
on each of the arms of the revolving apparatus a strong door for forming the outer
end of the corresponding chamber. This outer end door carries a lock bolt which
takes into the revolver frame. The two side doors are each fitted with one or
more lock bolts which engage with or become affixed to the said centre piece or to
wrought iron or steel pieces fixed thereto and each side door can be locked
independently of the other but both are preferably unlocked at the same time and
this can conveniently be effected by means of levers keyed on the same shaft. In
this arrangement (whether each side door has one lock bolt or more) when the
lock bolts are unlocked the side doors are pushed back and the revolving apparatus
is then turned and it carries the outer end door with it, the side doors being left
at the preparing side. As the revolving apparatus is being moved to, and after it
has reached, the finishing side the centre piece above described and the outer end
door form rigid end walls for the bale. When the bale has received the finishing
pressure and has been hooped or lashed the outer end door is unlocked so that the
bale is released end wise and can be tumbled out. In a modification of this
arrangement dispense with the centre piece and employ strong vertical pieces to
form the inner ends of the chambers one for each chamber of the revolving
portion these pieces being fixed at top and at bottom respectively to the top plate
of the revolving apparatus and to the bottom frames each of which is preferably
made in one piece. It will be understood that with this arrangement in either of
the modifications above described it is not necessary to pass a hasp or hasps
between the column and the inner end door to bind the two side doors together;
consequently the thickness of the metal between the end of the bale and the said
column is substantially reduced and so are also the distance between the columns
aud the weight of the top and bottom pieces of the press. In a further modification

page_text: of this arrangement instead of the lock bolts on the side doors engaging with the
centre piece or with the strong vertical pieces as above described they may engage
respectively at top with the top plate or with the lashing plate or with the top
piece or head of the press and at bottom with the revolving frame or with a fixed
part of the press below the revolving frame or even with the revolving box when.
this is locked in position at the preparing side of the press. In this modification
also the lock bolts of the two doors can be locked independently but are preferably
unlocked at the same time. In a further modification I employ strong vertical
plates, as in one of the modifications already described, to form the inner ends of
the chambers but I fix these pieces at a sufficient distance from the central
supporting column to allow a hasp or hasps for securing the side doors to be
passed between the column and the back of each vertical piece.
The charging boxes which move from the charging position to the preparing side
of the press and vice versa are made so as to pass clear of the usual bottom piece
and nut on the main column. For this purpose I make the ends of straight plates
and I turn out the flanges on the side plates, to which the end plates are fixed, in
line with the end of the box instead of at right angles to it as heretofore. In this
way there is no projection from the outer face of the end plate.
According to another part of my invention, when more than one charge from the
charging or filling boxes go to make one bale, instead of employing as heretofore
a separate set of stops on each arm of the revolving apparatus which moves from
the preparing to the finishing side of the press, I introduce a fixed piece at the
preparing side in a position between the underside of the revolving apparatus and
the top of the filling box when at the preparing side and I fit stops in this fixed
piece to retain the several charges in the chamber into which they are compressed.
According to another part of my invention I construct the press so that the
hydraulic cylinder at the finishing side constitutes the bottom piece of the press
(or the top piece in presses where the cylinder is at top working downwards); and
instead of carrying the columns right through the block of metal in which the
cylinder is formed and securing them by nuts at their ends I screw thread the
blocks to receive the ends of the columns which are correspondingly threaded. I
thus not only do away with the heavy nuts hitherto employed but can also shorten
the columns and reduce the width between the centres of the columns thereby
correspondingly reducing the width and consequently the weight of the top and
bottom pieces and other parts.
Dated this 18th day of January 1804
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Baling Presses.
I, JAMES WATSON of 8 Pembridge Villas, Bayswater in the County of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention has reference to baling presses and more particularly to presses
which have, (1) one, two or more charging boxes that are successively filled with
the material to be pressed and (in the case of more than one box) are then by a
revolving movement brought into a position in which the said material receives a
first or preparatory compression from a ram or rams which force it from the
charging boxes into a position where it is retained by a suitable holder and (2) two
or more revolving portions or holders which receive the partly compressed bale or
material from the charging boxes and transfer it to a position in which it receives a
final or finishing pressure from one or more finishing rams.

page_text: One object of my invention is to utilize as part of the charging boxes that
receive the loose material the side and end doors which form the chamber in which
the bale is partly compressed by the first or preparing ram or rams, whereby tho
stroke of these rams is much shortened, the height of the press reduced, and the
pumping power and capacity also reduced.
In carrying out this part of my invention I employ a set of two or more charging
boxes which by a revolving movement can be brought successively first into a
position in which they receive the loose material and then into a position in line
with the preparing ram, the upper portions of these boxes consisting of side and
end doors which form the chamber in which the bale is partly compressed by the
preparing ram or rams. These doors can be opened as hereinafter described.
In conjunction with these boxes I employ a revolving apparatus having two or
more arms which can be brought successively first into position in line with the
preparing ram or rams and then into position in line with the finishing ram or rams.
On each of these arms are mounted two horizontal rods or shafts carried in bearings
on the arms and to these rods are pivoted hooks or liuks, two or more for each side
of each arm. These hooks can be slid along their rods so as to occupy as required
either a position in which they can engage with the lashing plate or a position near
the inner end of the arm where they are clear of the lashing plate and bale.
Figures 1 to 5 represent so much of a hydraulic press constructed in accordance
with this part of my invention as will enable it to be understood. Figure 1 is a
side elevation; Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; Figure 3
a section on the line 3-3; Figure 4 a section on the line 4-4 and Figure 5 a.
section on the line 5-5.
B and B are two charging boxes constituting a set and which by a revolving
movement upon the column X in a manner well understood can each be brought
successively first into the position B in which it receives the loose material to be
pressed and then into the position B', that is to say in line with the preparing
ram f. The upper portion of each of these boxes consists of two side doors d'a
and two end doors e e, these four doors forming the chamber in which the bale is
partly compressed by the preparing ram. A and A' are two arms forming a
revolving apparatus which can be turned upon the column Y so as to bring each of
these arms successively first into the position A', that is to say in line with the
preparing ram and then into the position A, that is to say in line with the
finishing ram. On each of the arms A A' are mounted two horizontal rods or
shafts a a carried in bearings bb formed on the arms and to these rods are pivotted
the hooks or links c c c'e' (two as shown or more) for each side of each arm.
These hooks can be slid along their respective rods a a so as to occupy as required
either the position of the rods c'e' in which they can engage with the lashing
plate d'or the position of the rods cc, that is to say near the inner end of the arm
where they are clear of the lashing plate and bale.
The operation is as follows:-One of the charging boxes, say the box B with
preferably a loose lashing plate d' at the bottom having been filled up to the top of
the doors d dee which form the upper part of the said box these doors being
closed and locked the box B including the doors is moved round into position in
line with the preparing ram f, the same movement bringing the other charging
box B (supposing there are only two boxes as is the case in the press illustrated)
into position for filling. The material in the full box is then compressed by the
preparing ram and its follower g into that part of the box which is formed by
the side and end doors d d e e, the side doors d d are then unlocked and opened
Carrying the end doors e e with them. Next the hooks cc are pushed along their
rods a a and made to engage with the underside of the lashing plate d'. The
preparing ram now recedes leaving the partly compressed bale and lashing plate
in the grip of the hooks c c. The revolving apparatus comprising the armis A A¹
is next turned so as to bring this bale into line with the finishing ram f' and its
follower which then give the finishing pressure, the lashing plate d¹ being
pushed clear of the hooks c c during the stroke of the ram f, and when the

page_text: lashing or hooping is completed the finishing ram f' is allowed to recede until the
lashing plated permits the bale to be tumbled out, the hooks on one side being
removed for this purpose. The hooks c c are now placed to receive again the
descending plate d' and when it reaches them the revolving apparatus is turned
into line with the preparing ram f which is waiting to receive the lashing plate d',
another partly compressed bale being at same time moved in the grip of the other
set of hooks c¹ c' from the preparing ram finto line with the finishing ram f'.
The preparing ram is made to rise sufficiently to lift the lashing plate d' clear of
the hooks e c which are then withdrawn and pushed along their rods a a out of the
way so as to allow the doors d d ee of the box to be closed and locked. The
preparing ram now falls to the bottom of the charging box B and the box
including the doors is turned into position for receiving a fresh charge, the same
turning movement bringing the other box B¹ which has been charged into line
with the preparing ram. The end doors ee are hinged on the side doors dd,
preferably both of them on the same side door as shown, and the side doors also
form locks for the end doors. The outer end door e preferably forms a hasp h
into which the lock bolt i is shot so as to bind all four doors together in position.
According to another arrangement, which is illustrated in Figure 6, sliding
hooks cc such as those above described are made to engage not with a lashing
plate as in the previous arrangement, but with the underside of the bale itself the
hooks e e passing into grooves a¹ in the face of a plate d' that takes the place of
the lashing plate at the preparing side of the press. Consequently only the bale
(which is shown at k in the grip of the hooks) is carried by the books from the
preparing side of the press to the finishing side where there is a lashing plate d'
that is preferably fixed to or cast with the follower g¹ of the finishing ram.
Another object of my invention is to greatly reduce the size and weight of
baling presses and consequently the cost of manufacture, freight, carriage by
road and rail and the buildings required for containing them. This object is
chiefly attained by constructing the press in such manner that all or some only of
the doors or walls that form the chambers in which the material is partly
compressed at the preparing side of the press do not travel with the revolving arms
to the finishing side of the press. In the arrangements already herein described
with reference to Figures 1 to 6 this object is effected because the doors or walls
of the chambers only move from the filling or charging position to the preparing
side of the press and vice versa and not to the finishing side. I also apply this part
of my invention to presses in which the doors or walls that form the compression
chamber at the preparing side do not move to the filling or charging position. I
mount the doors so that they do not move from the preparing side and they form
the compression chamber at this side for each of the arms of the revolving apparatus
in succession. Figure 7 is a side elevation of a press in which the doors that form
the compression chamber at the preparing side do not move from this side and as
just stated form the compression chamber at this side for each of the arms of the
revolving apparatus in succession. Figures 8 and 9 are sections (on a larger scale)
on the lines 8-8 and 9-9 respectively of Figure 7. a is the outer end door, d the
inner end, e one of the side doors and n the other side door. The outer end door a
is capable of being moved in a rectilinear direction and for this purpose it is
preferably carried as shown by a horizontal screw which passes through an
enlarged part c of one of the supporting columns of the press; this door a can
thus be moved backwards towards that column to be clear of the revolving
apparatus as this is being turned with a partly compressed bale from the preparing
sile to the finishing side of the press and so that it can on the other hand be
moved forward into position to form the end of the compression chamber. The
inner end door d is hinged to the end of the side door e and a projecting part ƒ of
this end door forms a hasp into which a lock bolt g on the other side door n is
shot when it is required to lock the doors in their closed position. Projections h h¹
on the respective side doors n and e lock the outer end door a from top to bottom
and a projection on the bottom of this door takes against the end of the revolving

page_text: frame at the part corresponding with that marked in Figure
while its upper
end takes against the top lashing plate k. This door is thus locked in both
directions. The other end door d is locked ou one side by the hinge pin / and on
the other side it takes into a groove m in the side door n and is thereby locked on
that side from practically top to bottom. When the bale has been compressed in
the compression chamber by the preparing ram the lock bolt g is withdrawn and
the side doors e and n are pushed back the door e carrying with it the inner end
door d; the outer erd door u is drawn back to the column by means of the screw b.
The bale is now held only at top and bottom by the lashing plates k and p, the
latter being now temporarily locked in the frame in any ordinary or suitable
manner. The frame that carries this plate and the frame or arm o that carries
the top lashing plate are bound together by the stays ss at the outer ends and by
the bolts and by the centre piece S' at their inner ends. As thus held the
bale is turned to the finishing side of the press, the arms o and frames with
the top and bottom lashing plates constituting the revolving apparatus. The
doors are then closed and locked ready to form a compression chamber for the next
bale at the preparing side.
r
Figure 10 which is a section on the line 10-10 of Figure 7 shows how I
provide that charging boxes which move from the charging position to the
preparing side of the press and vice versa as described in the earlier part of this
Specification are brought closer to the main column and pass clear of the usual
bottom piece and uut W on the main column X. For this purpose 1 make the
ends of the charging boxes of straight plates y and I turn out the flanges on
the side plates to which the end plates are fixed in line with the end of the box
instead of at right angles to it as heretofore. In this way there are no projections
from the outer face of the end plates.
In carrying out the arrangement shown in Figures 7 to 9 I can construct the
revolving apparatus in such manner that no large centre piece as hitherto
generally employed in presses of this class is required on the main column. This
is illustrated in Figures 11, 12 and 13, Figure 11 being a side elevation, Figure 12
a plan on the line 12-12 of Figure 11 and Figure 13 a plan on the line 13-13.
I cause the revolving apparatus to rest on a ball bearing A on the main column X
and I connect the top plate of the revolving apparatus B B' (which top plate is
preferably made in one piece or divided longitudinally into two pieces) to the
frames E E, E' E' that form the bottom of the revolving apparatus (which frames
are also preferably each made in one piece) by vertical bolts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h so
that they may withstand the bursting strain of the partly compressed bale when
being turned from the preparing side to the finishing side of the press; these
vertical bolts constitute pillars between the said top plate B B' and the bottom
frames E E' and thereby produce a rigid revolving apparatus. The top plate B B'
is bored to fit the column X on which it revolves and a parting piece FF between
the bottom frames E and E' preferably made in two pieces and preferably of a
thickness equal to the thickness or depth of the frames is bored to fit the
column X at that part so that the revolving apparatus is guided at top and
bottom without any centre piece except the column itself. Instead of having a
separate piece A to form a bearing on the column X the bearing may be forged
solid on the frames E and E', half on each frame. The frames E and E' are
secured together by transverse stays or bolts G G some of which also pass through
and fix the parting piece F F.
According to another way of carrying out this part of my invention and which
is represented in Figures 14 and 15, Figure 14 being an elevation and Figure 15 a
section on the line 15-15 of Figure 14, the side doors e and n as in the arrange-
ment last described with reference to Figures 7 to 9 do not move to the finishing
side of the press, but the end doors a and d are hinged on the revolving apparatus
and are carried round with it from the preparing side to the finishing side and
there must be two of these end doors for each arm of the revolver. The end doors
although carried round to the finishing side do not in that position bind the bale

page_text: end wise when receiving the finishing pressure but are kept free from the strong
end pressure due to the tendency of the material to then expand end ways. In
order that these doors shall take up as little space as possible so that the bale may
be easily removed from the press I preferably mount them on excentric hingest t
Figure 14 or other like devices which when given a half turn carry the doors in
parallel lines clear of their locked positions to the extent of the throw of the
excentrics and conversely. These doors a and d may be secured at their lower
ends by locks taking into the revolving apparatus but in this case a separate lock
would be required for each door and the doors would have to be extra thick ;
I therefore prefer to lock both end doors by means of projections h¹³ Figure 15
on the side doors e and n at one end and at the other end by recesses m¹ m² in
the side doors; a hasp v' Figure 15 is passed outside the inner end door d to lock
the side doors.
According to another arrangement which is represented in Figures 16 to 20
(Figure 16 being an elevation, Figures 17, 19 and 20 plans on the lines 17-17,
19-19, and 20-20 respectively of Figure 16 and Figure 18 illustrating a
modification) I construct the revolving apparatus with a centre piece A which
forms the inner end of the two (or more) chambers into which in turn the
material is compressed at the preparing side of the press and I hinge on each of
the upper arms B B' of the revolving apparatus a strong door C and C¹ for
forming the outer end of the corresponding chamber. The upper arms B B¹ are
preferably in one piece but when the press has only two chambers the arms may
be in two longitudinal pieces bolted together in any suitable manner. The outer
end door carries a lock bolt D which takes into the revolver frame. The two
side doors F and F are each fitted with one or more lock bolts a a' which engage
with or become affixed to the centre piece A at g g¹ g³ g³ or they may be fixed to
wrought iron or steel pieces a fixed to the centre piece as seen in Figure 18 and
each side door can be locked independently of the other but both are preferably
unlocked at the same time and this can conveniently he effected by means of
levers H H H H keyed on the shaft I and on the spindles or shafts of the lock
bolts H H. In this arrangement (whether each side door has one lock bolt or
more) when the lock bolts a a' which the figures show in the locked position are
unlocked the side doors FF are pushed back and the revolving apparatus is then
turned and it carries the outer end door C with it, the side doors being left at the
preparing side. As the revolving apparatus is being moved to and after it has
reached the finishing side, the centre piece A and the outer end door C form
rigid end walls for the bale. When the bale has received the finishing pressure
and has been hooped or lashed the outer end door is unlocked so that the bale is
released endwise and can be tumbled out. In a modification of this arrangement
represented in Figure 21 1 dispense with the centre piece A Figures 16 and 17
and employ strong vertical pieces C' C³ to form the inner ends of the chambers,
one for each chamber of the revolving portion these pieces being fixed at top and
bottom respectively to the top plate of the revolving apparatus (which top plate
is preferably made in one piece or in two longitudinal pieces bolted together) and
to the bottom frames F F each of which is preferably made in one piece.
It will be understood that with this arrangement in either of the modifications
above described it is not necessary to pass a hasp or hasps between the column
and the inner end door to bind the two side doors together the lock bolts a a' of
the main doors being made to take into recesses in the centre piece A or in the
end pieces C³ C³ as the case may be; consequently the thickness of the metal
between the end of the bale and the said column is substantially reduced and so
are also the distance between the columns and the weight of the top and botton:
pieces of the press. In a further modification of this arrangement represented
in Figures 22, 23 and 24 instead of the lock bolts on the side doors engaging with
the centre piece or with the strong vertical pieces as described with reference to
Figures 16 to 21 they may engage respectively at top with the top plate B B¹
(a and a Figures 22 and 24 representing the lock bolts) or with the lashing

page_text: plate K or K' or with the top piece or head of the press and at bottoin with the
revolving frame F F (a' and a Figures 22 and 23 representing the lock bolts)
or with a fixed part of the press below the revolving frame or even with the
revolving box when this is locked in position at the preparing side of the press.
In this modification also the lock bolts of the two doors can be locked
independently but are preferably unlocked at the same time by means of levers
such as H H. In a further modification shown in Figures 25, 26 and 27 I employ
strong vertical plates C³ C³ as in the modification shown in Figure 21 to form
the inner ends of the chambers, but I fix these pieces at a sufficient distance from
the central supporting column to allow a hasp or hasps p for securing the side
doors to be passed between the column X and the back of each vertical piece C³ C³.
The hasp p is hinged to one of the side doors in the usual way.
According to another part of my invention, when more than one charge from
the charging or filling boxes go to make one bale, instead of employing as
heretofore and as seen in Figure 7 a separate set of stops on each arm of the
revolving apparatus which moves from the preparing to the finishing side of the
press, I introduce a fixed piece at the preparing side in a position between
the underside of the revolving apparatus and the top of the filling box when at
the preparing side and I fit stops in this fixed piece to retain the several charges
in the chamber into which they are compressed. This is illustrated in Figure 14
in which u represents the fixed piece and vvvv the set of stops worked in a
manner well known.
Figures 28, 29 and 30 show how my invention can be applied to a press which
has one fixed charging box and a revolving apparatus having three chambers into
which in turn the material is compressed at the preparing part of the press. The
preparing part of the press is at X and the finishing part is at Y while Z is the
intermediate position for the revolving chambers. G is the main column upon
which the revolving apparatus turns. F is an outer column to which the side
doors of the charging box are attached. The three top arms or parts A B C of
the revolving apparatus are all made in one piece they fit over the column G and
are cut out on the underside to a depth of about " to " so as to fit firmly over
the upper part of the triangular centre piece a b c. This centre piece extends the
whole depth of the baling chambers, its three faces constituting the inner ends of
the three chambers respectively. The three frames I, J, KL, and M N that
constitute the lower part of the revolving apparatus are made to cross each
other at their inner end and catch the centre piece a b c as seen at g, h, j, k, l, m,
(Figure 30). The three shoulders formed by cutting out the arms A B C as
above mentioned take the strain when the two arms that are in the positions A
and C strike the stops on the heads of the press and prevent these arins turning
or moving out of position on the centre piece. These shoulders also take any
strain due to the expansive tendency of the bale end wise when being turned from
the preparing part to the finishing part of the press and the shoulders at the lower
end of the centre piece take any strain due to the expansive tendency of the bale
endwise when being compressed acting on them through the outer end doors np 4
which are locked at their bottom ends to the frames 1 J, KL and M. N. The
strain due to the expansive tendency of the bale in the direction of the pressure
when the pressed bale is locked in the revolving apparatus and free of pressure
from the rams is taken by the bolts d e f g h¹jm' (Figure 29) which bind
the arms A B C and the frames I J, KL, and MN together. The end of the
main bottom piece D of the press may form the inner end of the charging box so far
as they are coterminous; the plates which form the other portions of the same end
of the box are fixed to that bottom piece and respectively to the bottom piece for
the preparing rams and to the fixed top piece E of the box. This top piece E is
fixed to the outer column F and forms the end of the box at that part and to
the main column G and also forms the bracket H which carries the ball bearing
on which the revolving apparatus turns; the bracket H also forms the end of the
charging box at that part. The locks of the main doors may either take into the
B

page_text: top arins and the bottom frames as shown, but one lock bolt for each door may be
arranged to take into the centre piece a b c as in Figures 16 and 17.
According to another part of my invention I construct the press so that the
hydraulic cylinder at the finishing side constitutes the bottom piece of the press (or
the top piece in presses where the cylinder is at top working downwards) and
instead of carrying the columns right through the block of metal in which the
cylinder is formed and securing them by nuts at their ends as has hitherto been
usual I screw a thread in the block to receive the ends of the columns which are
correspondingly threaded. I thus not only do away with the heavy cast iron bottom
piece on which the cylinder or cylinders are usually made to rest and the nuts
hitherto employed but can also shorten the columns and reduce the width between
the centres of the columns thereby correspondingly reducing the width and conse-
quently the weight of the top and bottom pieces and other parts. This part of the
invention is represented in Figure 7. A is the hydraulic cylinder at the finishing
side of the press or in other words the block in which the cylinder is formed. It
will be seen that this block or cylinder constitutes the bottom piece of the press.
The block is screw threaded at B B to receive the ends C C of the columns which
are correspondingly threaded and do not pass through the block as heretofore. It
will be seen that the screw threads in the block take the place of the heavy nuts
(which are indicated at W W) hitherto employed at the lower ends of the columns
beyond the bottom piece of the press and that these main columns are corre-
spondingly reduced in length.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invencion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In a baling press having a set of two or more charging boxes which are
successively charged when in an outside position and then brought into a position to
receive a first or preparatory compression from a preparing ram or rams, and two
or more movable arms or frames which successively receive the partly pressed
material from the charging boxes and transfer it to a position in which it receives a
final or finishing pressure from one or more finishing rams, fitting the said boxes
with side and end doors which serve as part of the box when in the charging
position and also as the sides and ends of the chamber into which the charge is
compressed by the preparing ram or rams, the said doors being capable of being
opened after the preparatory compression in such manner as to allow of the partly
pressed material being moved to the finishing portion of the press, substantially as
hereinbefore described and represented in Figures 1 to 5.
2. A set of hooks or links mounted on shafts carried by arms or frames which
move from the preparing to the finishing side of the press and vice versâ the said
hooks or links being free to be slid along their shafts so as to occupy as required
either a position in which they can engage with the lashing plate or a position near
the inner end of the said arms or frames where they are clear of the lashing plate
and bale, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and repre-
sented in Figures 1 to 5.
3. The arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figures 1 to 5 in which a set of hooks or links capable of sliding sideways to and
from the centre of the press catches under the lashing plate in such manner that
the bale and the lashing plate are carried by the movable arm or frame from the
preparing to the finishing side of the press as set forth.
4. The arrangement, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 6, in which a set of hooks or links capable of sliding sideways to and from
the centre of the press passes into the grooves of a plate at the preparing side of
the press so as to engage with the under side of the partly compressed bale which
is consequently carried without a bottom lashing plate from the preparing to the
finishing side of the press, as set forth.
5. The combination with movable arms or frames fitted with hooks or links as

page_text: described, of an arrangement of doors forming the chamber into which the material
is compressed by the preparing rams, in which arrangement both of the enl doors
are hinged to the side doors or preferably to one of the side doors, the side doors
forming the locks for them, and one of the end doors forming a hasp into which the
lock bolt is shot whereby all four doors are bound together in position, substantially
as herein before described and shown more particularly in Figure 3.
6. The improved baling press or presses constructed and operating substantially
as hereinbefore described and represented in Figures 1 to 6.
7. In a press having a frame or part which carries the partly compressed bale
from the position in which it has received the preparing pressure to the position in
which it has to receive the finishing pressure, mounting the doors or walls which
form the sides and ends of the chamber in which the material receives the preparing
pressure in such manner that they are not movable from the preparing side to the
finishing side of the press and that they must all be released from the partly
compressed bale before the frame or part for carrying it to the finishing side can
be moved, substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in Figures 7, 8
and 9.
8. In a press having two or more movable frames or arms which are successively
in line with the preparing ram or rams during the preparing pressure and then
carry the partly pressed bales from the preparing side to the finishing side of the
press, mounting two side doors and two end doors in such manner that they form
the sides and ends of the compression chamber during the preparing pressure for
both or all the frames or arms successively while these are in line with the
preparing ram or rams substantially as herein before described and represented in
Figures 7, 8 and 9.
9. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing the
chamber into which the material is compressed at the preparing side in such manner
that both of the ends of the chamber can be released from the partly pressed bale,
substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the drawings.
10. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing the doors
that form the chamber in which the material is compressed at the preparing side in
such manner that by closing and locking the side doors the two ends become thereby
locked, substantially as herein before described and represented in the drawings.
11. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing the door
which forms the inner end of the chamber in which the material is compressed at
the preparing side in such manner that it forms a hasp to bind the side doors
together, substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the drawings.
12. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing and
mounting the door which forms the outer end of the chamber in which the material
is compressed at the preparing side in such manner that it is carried on the end of
2. screw which passes through one of the supporting columns of the press so that
this door can be withdrawn from the bale, substantially as hereinbefore described
and represented in the drawings.
13. In a press in which charging boxes revolve from a charging position to the
preparing side of the press and vice versa, making the ends of the charging boxes of
straight plates and flanging the side plates substantially as herein before described
and shown in Figure 10 whereby there are no projections from the outer face of the
end plates and these can therefore be brought closer to the main column and be still
able to pass clear of the usual bottom piece and nut on this column.
14. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing the part
that revolves from the one side of the press to the other with vertical bolts which
bind the top plate to the bottom frames and also form pillars between the said top
plate and frames and with a parting piece between the bottom frames so that no
large centre piece is required on the main column, substantially as herein before
described and represented in the Figures 11, 12 and 13.
15. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, an arrangement in
which the two side doors of the chamber in which the material is compressed at the

page_text: preparing side do not move to the finishing side of the press and the end doors are
hinged on the revolving part of the apparatus and are carried round with it from
the preparing side to the finishing side and vice versa there being two of these end
doors for each arm of the revolving apparatus, substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in Figures 14 and 15.
16. Mounting the hinge pins of the end doors referred to in the last preceding
claim on excentric pins or the like which when given a half turn carry the doors in
parallel lines clear of their locked positions to the extent of the throw of the
excentrics, substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in Figure 14.
17. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing the two
side doors of the chamber in which the material is compressed at the preparing side
with lock bolts which take into or become affixed to a centre piece such as shown
at A Figures 16 to 20 or vertical pieces such as C C Figure 21, whereby the side
doors are locked or bound without the passing of a hasp or hasps between the press
column and the inner end door, substantially as herein before described.
18. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing the two
side doors of the chamber in which the material is compressed at the preparing side
with upper lock bolts which engage with the top plate, the lashing plate or the top
piece or head of the press, and with lower lock bolts which engage with the revolving
frame or a fixed part of the press below the revolving frame, or with the revolving
box when this is locked in position at the preparing side of the press, substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 22, 23 and 24.
19. In a press having a preparing side and a finishing side, constructing the
revolving part which carries the material from the preparing side to the finishing
side with rigid inner end walls which do not form the centre piece on which the
revolving part turns the said end walls being at a sufficient distance from the central
supporting column to allow a hasp or hasps for securing the side doors to be passed
between the column and the back of each end wall, substantially as hereinbefore
described and represented in Figures 25, 26 and 27.
20. In a press in the working of which more than one charge from the charging
boxes go to make one bale, a fixed piece such as u, Figure 14, at the preparing side
of the press between the underside of the revolving apparatus and the top of the
charging box when at the preparing side the said fixed pieces being fitted with a set
of stops to retain the several charges in the chamber. in which they are
compressed, substantially as herein before described.
21. The improved baling press constructed substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figures 28, 29 and 30.
22. Constructing presses with female screw threads in the block in which the
hydraulic cylinder at the finishing side of the press works and forming corresponding
male threads on the ends of the columns to engage with the female threads the
columns not passing through the block, substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and as represented in Figure 7.
D: 10th day of October 1901
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.