AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING IRON APPLICABLE AT THE SMELTING OF THE ORE, AND IN VARIOUS SUBSEQUENT. STAGES OF THE PROCESS UP TO THE COMPLETION OF THE RODS OR BARS, AND A NEW PROCESS FOR THE IMPROVING OF THE QUALITY OF
Year: 1830

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSIAS
LAMBERT, of Liverpool Street, in the City of London, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourth day of February,
in the eleventh year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said
Josias Lambert, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Josias Lambert, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
and such others as I, the said Josias Lambert, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
PROCESS OF MAKING IRON APPLICABLE AT THE SMELTING OF THE ORE, AND IN
VARIOUS SUBSEQUENT. STAGES OF THE PROCESS UP TO THE COMPLETION OF THE
RODS OR BARS, AND A NEW PROCESS FOR THE IMPROVING OF THE QUALITY OF

page_text: INPERIOR IRON;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging
me, the said Josias Lambert, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to
be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, reference. being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance-with-the said proviso,-I,- the-said.
Josias Lambert; do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and
ascertained as follows (that is to say):
The improvement in the process of making iron applicable.at.the.smelting
of the orc, and at various subsequent stages of the process up to the completion.
of the rods or bars, consists in the application of salt, potash, and lime, mixed
or combined together to the iron ore or iron in the blast furnace,. the refinery
furnace, the puddling furnace, the balling or re-heating furnace, or in any
other process to which the iron in its manufacture is subjected when con-
siderable heat is applied, and it likewise consists in the application-of-salt;
saltpetre, and lime, mixed or combined together, to the. iron in the puddling
furnace, whether the same iron shall have been subjected to the application of
salt, potash, and lime in any of the previous operations in the manufacture or
not. The proportions in which I recommend the mixture or combination of
salt, potash, and lime to be formed,, are two parts of salt, one part of potash,
and two parts of lime;; but should the proportions in some degree differ from
those best, adapted to the purpose the useless portions, will be dissipated in the
process of the manufacture. The mixture or combination employed during
the process in the blast furnace should be applied at the time of smelting the
materials which are. to produce the iron at the rate of about twenty-five
pounds to the ton of iron, and may be introduced in proportionate quantities
at the tunnel head of the blast furnace, either at intervals or with every charge
of the materials which are to produce the iron. If not used in the process
of
smelting it may be applied at intervals to the metal-during-the operation-in
every charge of the refinery furnace, or in the puddling furnace, or in-any
other process, to which the iron in its manufacture may be subjected.when
considerable heat is applied. A proper proportion to be used in the refinery
furnace may be, at the rate of twenty pounds to the ton of iron, and in the
puddling furnace about eighteen pounds to the ton of iron; but in the balling

page_text: or re-heating furnace and other processes the quantity to be applied must
depend upon the quality, form, and substance of the iron, taking care that it
be sprinkled over and amongst, or brought in contact with, the iron; the
quantity to be employed will vary from about eighteen to thirty pounds per
ton of iron. The proportions in which I recommend the salt, saltpetre, and
lime to be mixed or combined are two parts of salt, one and a half part of
saltpetre, and two parts of lime; should these proportions differ in some
degree from those best adapted to the purpose, the useless portions will be
dissipated during the process of the manufacture. This mixture or combina-
tion of salt, saltpetre, and lime should be applied to the iron in the puddling
furnace whilst the metal or pig iron is in a state of fusion, and may be mixed
with it at intervals at the rate of about twenty pounds to the ton of iron.
The quantities to be applied of either of the above mixtures will differ in some
degree according to the quality of the materials or the iron, but the propor-
tions above mentioned are those proper on the average.
The process for the improving of the quality of inferior iron consists in
the application of either of the same mixtures in similar proportions to
such iron when subjected to considerable heat. For this purpose they may
be applied to the iron, and the iron melted in combination with them, or they
may be applied to the iron in the puddling furnace in such quantities as may
be best adapted to improving the quality of the iron according to its properties,
more or less exhibited, of being what is termed red short, or cold short (that
is to say), the application of the mixture of salt, potash, and lime is best
adapted to the iron which is termed red short, and the mixture. of salt,
saltpetre, and lime is best adapted to the iron termed cold short. Tho
quantity of the mixtures to be employed in either case will vary from about
eighteen to thirty pounds per ton of iron, according to the degree of inferiority
of the iron, or the mixtures may be applied to the iron in any re-heating or
other furnace, and the metal then be subjected to a red heat for a time, pro-
portioned to the quality, form, and substance of the iron, care being taken
that the mixtures be applied in contact with the heated metal, and for this
purpose if the iron be in the form of tubes, such as gun barrels, the mixtures
may be introduced into the tubes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Josias Lambert, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty.
JOSIAS (L.s.) LAMBERT.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Second day of April, in the year
of our Lord 1830, the aforesaid Josias Lambert came before our said Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and
all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Third day-of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and thirty."