CERTAIN APPARATUS FOR DIVIDING LUMP SEGAR
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM.
SYNES, of No. 19, Victoria Road, Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, Grocer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her,
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Third day of July, in the ninth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William
Symes, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I..
the said William Symes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Symes, my executors, administrators, or assigns,.
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN APPARATUS FOR DIVIDING
LUMP SEGAR;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso,
obliging me, the said William Symes, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, to particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the
same to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited,
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Symes, do hereby declare that the nature of my. Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention consists of an apparatus for dividing of lump sugar made of the
following parts, namely, two blades or cutters of iron case-hardened, or of steel.
One blade, the lower one is fixed to a stand or frame; the other blade, the upper
one, is attached to a moveable lever over the lower cutter; the fulcrum or joint
on which this lever works is at one of its extremities, and at the other extremity
the power is applied by which the blade or cutter attached to the lever is
moved to and from the blade or cutter fixed to the stand or frame. The several
parts of the frame and lever may be made of iron or any other metal, or
wood sufficiently rigid for the purpose that which. I prefer is either wrought
iron or cast iron. The edges of the blades may be made either wholly with a
knife-like edge, or wholly serrated or indented, with knife-like edges between
the serrations or indentations. In such cases it is necessary that there should
be two apparatus, one with both blades made with a knife-like edge, and one
with both the edges serrated or indented. The apparatus may also be made
with one of the blades partially serrated or indented, and the other part left
with an uniform knife-like edge, and the other blade made wholly with a con-
tinuous knife-like edge; and the apparatus may likewise be made with both the
blades made partially with plain knife-like edges and partially indented or ser-
rated. In such case only one apparatus is necessary for dividing of lump sugar,
and it is such an apparatus that I prefer, and recommend as the most useful. The
power may be applied to the apparatus at the end of the lever, either by the
hand or by any known machine or engine. The two blades of the apparatus
may be made either by the blade being shut on to a wrought-iron frame and
lever, or they may be fixed by rivets, bolts, or screws to the frame and lever.
I prefer the blades being screwed on to the sides of the frame and the lever, in
such manner that they may be easily removed to be sharpened when required,
and new ones placed instead, when they are worn out or injured. The number
of serrations or indentations in the blades are not necessarily limited; the
number must be governed by the length of the blades.
For an apparatus to be worked by hand directly on the end of the lever, I
prefer a blade about six or seven inches long, with two indentations or serra-
tions, and the end adjoining made with the knife-like edge mitred round it.
For the purpose of dividing lump sugar, it is first necessary to break the large
lump or the loaf into pieces in the ordinary manner; those pieces are then
taken by the hand and placed, if necessary, between the two serrated or indented

page_text: portions of the blades, and the power applied to divide them into strips; these
strips are then placed between the serrated edges and the power applied to the
lever to again divide them into pieces for the consumer.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the precise details shewn and described,
so long as the peculiar character of the Invention be retained. But what I
do claim is, the construction of an apparatus for dividing of lump sugar, con-
sisting of two blades or cutters made in the manner described, one fixed to a
frame or stand, and the other to a moveable lever over the lower cutter, with
the fulcrum or joint of the lever at its extremity, and the power applied to the
other extremity of the lever.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is an elevation or side view; Figure 2, a plain, and Figure 3, a
tranverse section of the apparatus, drawn half the size of an apparatus that I
recommend to be used when worked by hand. A is the frame or stand to be
fixed bolts or screws on to the top of a counter, table, or shelf; B, the
moveable lever; C, the fulcrum; D, the handle working between two
guides d, d, attached to the stand or frame; E, E, are the two blades which
are let into rabbets formed on one side of the frame, or stand and lever, and the
blades fixed thereby by screws f,f,f; c, c, are the knife-like edges; d', d¹, two
indentations or serrations.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Symes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
WILLIAM (L.s.) SYMES.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Third day of January, in the
ninth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said William Symes
came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the instrument aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year of the reign
of His late Majesty King George the Third.