Improvements in Hose Couplings.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application. 23rd Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Oct., 1992-Accepted, 31st Dec., 1892
Improvements in Hose Couplings.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON 75 Upper Ground Street Blackfriars Road London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is an improvement on hose couplings generally known as
Instantaneous Hose Couplings and of that kind as contained in the Specifications
of Patents granted to me. A.D. 1883 June 23rd No. 3133 and A.D. 1884 June 19th
No. 9193 and to John Morris A.D. 1877 March 16th No. 1053. My improvement
consists in making an instantaneous hose coupling without projecting lug or lugs to
contain the spring stop or latch as in the above mentioned Patents. It is found
objectionable both in coiling hose and in moving it when in use to have projecting
lugs on the couplings. In place of the spring stops working radially to the axis of
bore of coupling and contained within projecting lugs I form an annular recess
within the female or socket end which contains one, two or more curved or semi-
circularly shaped bars, arranged around the axis of bore of coupling in a ring or
semicircle, each bar is jointed at one end on a pin in a line parallel with the centre
of bore of coupling and has at about its centre a projection or bevelled edged catch,
this projection or catch is raised as the male enters and is forced back again by a
spring or springs until the projection or catch engages in the slot as in the
Specification of Patent No. 9193 or the bevel catch enters the annular groove as in
the Specification of Patent No. 1053 above referred to. These bars are arranged
in the annular recess so that the jointed end of one bar is toward the free end of
the next.
On the outer part of the female coupling and outside the wall of annular recess
and surrounding it I place a circular sleeve which has one or more studs projecting
through slots in wall of annular recess in female and these studs engage with the
free end of curved bars. By twisting this sleeve partly round, the loose ends of
bars are caused to move away from the centre of bore of coupling and the stops or
bevelled catches are withdrawn from the slots or grooves into which they engage in
the male end of coupling. The coupling can then be separated.
When the sleeve
is released the springs force the curved bars towards the centre of bore of coupling
and return the sleeve to the position it occupied before it was twisted. One, two or
more curved bars can be operated by the sleeve, studs projecting inwards for each
from the sleeve, and thus a grip can be obtained at several places round the
circumference of male end the whole being released by a twist of the sleeve.
I can also arrange that in a coupling, two curved bars in a recess in female,
similarly arranged to above described, shall have the jointed ends near together
and the free ends also toward each other and by introducing a cam between these
free ends force them apart and thus release the coupling. The cam can be revolved
by a milled head outside coupling or by a square or hexagon end, or end with a
Tslot operated by a suitable and separate key or spanner.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1892.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hose Couplings.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON 75 Upper Ground Street Blackfriars Road London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and.
by the following statement :-
This invention is an improvement on hose couplings generally known as
Instantaneous Hose Couplings, and of that kind as contained in Specifications to
the Patents granted to me A.D. 1883 June 23rd No. 3133, and A.D. 1884 June 19th
No. 9193 and to John Morris A.D. 1877 March 16th No. 1053.
My improvement consists in making an instantaneous coupling without projecting
lug or lugs to contain the spring stop or catch as in the above mentioned
Specifications. It is found objectionable both in coiling hose & in moving it when
in use, to have projecting lugs on the couplings.
In place of the spring stop working radially to the axis of bore of coupling, and
contained within projecting lugs, I form an annular recess within the female or
socket end which contains one or two or more curved or semicircularly shaped bars
arranged around the axis of bore of coupling in a ring or semicircle.
Each bar is jointed at one end on a piu in a line parallel with the centre of bore
of coupling and has at about its centre a projection or bevelled edged catch. This
projection or catch is raised as the male enters, and is forced back again by a
spring or springs until the projection or catch engages in the slot as in Specification
No. 9193 or the bevel catch enters the annular groove as in Specification No. 1053
above referred to. These bars are arranged in an annular recess so that the jointed
end of one bar is towards the free end of the next. On the outer part of the female,
and outside the wall of annular recess and surrounding it, I place a circular sleeve
which has one or more studs projecting through slots in wall of annular recess in
female and these studs engage with the free end of curved bars. By twisting the
sleeve partially round, the loose ends of bars are caused to move away from the
centre of bore of coupling, and the stops or bevelled catches are withdrawn from
the slot or groove into which they engage in the male end of coupling. The
coupling can then be separated. When the sleeve is released, the springs force the
curved bars towards the centre of bore of coupling and return the sleeve to
the position it occupied before it was twisted. One, two or more curved bars can
be operated by the sleeve, studs projecting inwards for each from the sleeve, and
thus a grip can be obtained at several places round the circumference of male end,
the whole being released by a twist of the sleeve.
I can also arrange that in a coupling two curved bars in a recess in female
similarly arranged to above described shall have the jointed ends near together,
and the free ends also towards each other, and by introducing a cam between these
free ends, force them apart and thus release the coupling.
The cam can be revolved by a milled head outside coupling, or by a square or
hexagon end, or end with T slot operated by a suitable and separate key or
spanner.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.
Figures 1, 7 and 11 are elevations of the male end of a coupling made according

page_text: Figure 3 is a cross section through a. b. and shews the coupling closed.
Figure 4 is a similar cross section and shews the coupling open as when the male
end A.is first inserted. B is an annular recess within the female or socket containing
curved bars C formed as shewn, each bar is jointed at one end on a pin D which
enters the side walls of the recess B, the curved bars C are bevelled at E and as
the male end A enters, it strikes against these bevelled edges and forces them open
as shewn in Figure 4. Springs F return or force inwards these curved bars towards
the axis of coupling, and when the male end has sufficiently entered, the bars C are
forced into the annular recess G in male coupling which securely holds the male
and female ends together. The ends H of curved bars C, opposite to those ends
jointed on pins D, press upon two fingers or cams J, which are on an annular sleeve
or collar K which encircles part of coupling as shown; this sleeve has milled edges
and when the male and female couplings are to be disconnected, this sleeve is
twisted slightly by one hand of operator whilst his other hand lays hold of the male
end and enlarged part of female. The fingers J, pressing on the ends of curved
bars C, open them in a similar manner as does the male end A when the coupling
is made. The male end can then be withdrawn. The water tight joint is made by
a rubber cupped ring L as is common in this kind of coupling.
Figures 5 and 6 are side and front elevations of collar or sleeve K.
Figures 8 and 9 are longitudinal and cross sections of a somewhat similar
arrangement of coupling except that the sleeve or collar K, is placed around the
annular recess B, and fingers or pins J. engage with the ends of bars C, and by
partly twisting the collar K, these bars are opened and the male end released.
Figure 10 is a cross section through the annular recess at c. d. shewing how three
bars C, can be arranged all operated by pins J₂ and sleeve K, and in a similar way
a greater number of bars can be arranged, all operated by pins on the sleeve K,.
Three or more bars can be arranged in coupling shewn in Figures 2, 3 and 4,
operated by sleeve K, each bar having a corresponding finger or pin J to it.
Figures 12 and 13 are longitudinal and cross sections of a coupling in which the
bars have their jointed ends towards each other and their ends H, meet on a
cam M which has two fingers J, one to each bar. A slot across the outer end of
cam M enables a key to be inserted and by partly revolving the cam, these
fingers thrust apart the ends H, of bars C, and open them, thus enabling the
male end of coupling to be withdrawn; the male end is thrust into the female in
a similar manner to Figures 2, 3, 4, 8 and 9. Springs F, at the back of bars C, act
in a similar manner.
Figure 14 is an end elevation of cam M shewing the slot N and the position of
the fingers J.
Figures 15 and 16 shew a longitudinal section and a cross section at line e. f. of a
coupling of which the male end is made similar to Specification A.D. 1883 June 23
No. 3133 and A.D. 1884 June 19th No. 9193. In the female an annular recess B
is formed, and a curved bar C, with projection P is fitted and jointed at one end.
A sleeve K, with pin or finger J, around the outer part of recess acts in a similar
way to that in Figures 8, 9 and 10, and when partly turned, opens the bar C, and
withdraws the projection P from the lugs on male end.
A collar with fingers similar to Figures 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 can also be employed.
In this coupling the male end is thrust into the female and partly revolved when
the stops strike the projection P and lift up the bar against the pressure of
spring F, until the projection P falls between the stops Q in a similar manner as
does the spring stop in Specification A.D. 1884 June 19th No. 9193.
The coupling is released as above explained.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and the manner of
performing the same I would have it understood that I claim
Firstly. Couplings which are connected together by simply thrusting the male
into the female, and in which projecting lugs containing spring stops are dispensed
with, but having one or more curved bars with bevelled edges actuated by springs

page_text: and operated by means of a sleeve or collar or cam substantially as illustrated and
described.
Secondly. Couplings which are connected together by thrusting and twisting the
male into the female, and in which projecting lugs containing spring stops are
dispensed with, but having one or more curved bars with projection, actuated by
springs and operated by means of sleeve or collar or cam substantially as illustrated
and described.
Dated this 99nd day of October 1892
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON.