Improved Circular Knitting Frame, with Sinkers for Cutting the Back Loops of the Fabric and Producing Various Patterns in Plush Goods.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr.. 1895--Accepted, 11th May, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Circular Knitting Frame, with Sinkers for Cutting the
Back Loops of the Fabric and Producing Various Patterns in
Plush Goods.
I FRITZ WEVER of Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany, Machinist, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, and accompanying drawings :-
:-
In a circular knitting frame plush goods are made by loop wheels m Fig. 6,
which have sinkers p' with two hooks or nibs a and b Fig. 12 of different depth,
the lower one laying a long loop of one thread, while the upper one lays a
short loop of another thread. Each stitch of the fabric c Figs. 1, 4 and 5 is thus
composed of double thread, that of the ground work a Fig. 1, which makes plain
fabric and that of the plush pile bc, the long sinker loops of which hang free at
the back of the work. These long loops b c are cut (6¹ c¹) by the sinkers themselves
which may have different kinds of cutters, as for instance shears gf Figs. 4, 5, and 6
being moved by suitable guides and sharpened at the upper front part, the sinker
itself being sharpened in the hook or nib b, which sinks the plush loop-both parts
working together like a pair issors and cutting the thread, as Fig. 12 shows it.
Or there is another set of steel plates & Figs. 10 and 11 in the loop wheel round
the sinkers p or in a special guide ring round the loop wheel. These blades, are
moved by guides in such a manner as to work in the upper sharpened part
near together with the sharpened sinker nib like a pair of scissors.
In this plush fabric patterns can be made by working the two different sorts of
plush, some with cut loops b c¹ Fig. 1 and 2 and others with uncut loops be
Figs. 1 and 2 in different places in one fabric and these patterns may again be
changed in many ways by producing plush loops of different length such as cand b,
or cand. These combinations are to be obtained by putting different sorts of
sinkers into a loop wheel; sinkers with or without cutters Figs. 4, 5, 8 and sinkers,
which have the nib for sinking the plush loop higher up or lower down, as b in
Fig. 4 or c in Fig. 5.
The order in which these sinkers are to be put into the loop wheel for producing
a certain design is to be found in a pattern drawing. Let say Fig. 3 be such a
design it being understood in this case that an empty square is a stitch in the fabric
with a short loop b' and that a filled square is a stitch with a long loop c', both of
cut plush, then there are only sinkers with cutters to be put into the loop wheel,
but these sinkers are to bave different nibs or hooks for the plush loop, like p and p¹
Figs. 4 and 5. The order and quantity of these short and long hooked sinkers p
and p is to be read off from the drawing Fig. 3 exactly in the same way as the
order of the teeth and spaces in a tuck presser wheel is found in a similar design.
For instance in the row'd read in the direction of the arrow, the result will be;
5 sinkers p (short hooked for b) which are brought into the loop wheel m.
Fig. 7
in the direction d', 2 sinkers p1 (long hooked for c¹) 2 p', Ip' and so forth. The
sum of stitches in a pattern is equal to the sum of sinkers in the loop wheel or in
the loop wheels, if there is more than one used for producing the pattern. Then,
the loop wheel will work the designed pattern as a plush of longer or higher loops
than the other common fabric, all in cut plush.
Many varieties can be produced, for instance, were all the sinkers without
cutters, the pattern would present itself as larger uncut plush amongst the short
uncut plush fabric. Or, all the plush loops may be of equal length, but only those
of the design (the filled squares in the drawing Fig. 3) be cut, the other fabric

page_text: having uncut plush; in this case the sinkers have the same forin and length of the
plush hock Fig. 4, the empty squares in Fig. 3 then signifying sinkers without
cutters and the filled squares such sinkers with cutters. By changing these two
sorts of sinkers, the inverse pattern is produced that is to say, the design is uncut
plush and the other fabric is cut plush.
In another case the pattern may be long cut plush and the other fabric short
uncut plush, then the empty squares signify sinkers without cutters and the
filled ones such pl with cutters. Exchanging both sorts will give the inverse case.
Again the pattern may be of cut plush and the other fabric only plain goods,
then the sinkers Fig. 8' are put into the loop wheel, corresponding to the empty
squares and these sinkers have both hooks for a and b of the same depth; the
plush thread 6 makes only an ordinary loop like a; the filled squares signify
sinkers p or with cutters or, if these sinkers have no cutters, the result is an
uncut plush pattern in plain goods.
Lastly there may be a variety of plush loops in one row of the fabric, similar
to Fig. 2, the loops gradually getting longer and shorter again, producing
Another sort of pattern in the fabric. For this case sinkers of increasing and
decreasing depth of hooks b are used.
Cutting the plush threads produces a good deal of fluff and dust which gets
between the sinkers and cutters and their guides in the loop wheel and as it hinders
the movement of these parts it has to be removed. For this purpose a rotary
brush o Fig. 9 is placed in a casing » below the loop wheel m, so as to engage with
the sinkers, by. which it is caused to revolve. During this rotation the disc is
slightly pressed by a spring against one side of its casing and an arm, projecting
from it, touches an uneven surface thus causing a short movement of the brush
to and fro in the direction of its axis. This roller brush takes the dust from the
sinkers and cutters and the casing being connected by a tube with an
exhausting fan, the latter withdraws the dust laden air from r.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.―
1. A circular knitting frame producing patterns in plush goods, by cutting the
back loops of the plush during knitting substantially as set forth.
2. A circular knitting frame with a loop wheel m, having sinkers p, p', p² for
sinking the plush loops provided with sharpened hooks b, and cutters gf acting as
scissors to cut the plush loops substantially as set forth and shown.
3. A circular knitting frame with a loop wheel m, having sinkers with sharp
hooks b and a series of steel plates & round them, each plate acting with a sinker
like a pair of scissors to cut the plush loop substantially as set forth and shown.
4. A circular knitting frame having a loop wheel with sinkers p, p', p², the
plush hooks of which are of different depth, to make plush loops of different
length or ordinary plain loops substantially as set forth and shown.
5. In a circular knitting frame the method of putting into the loop wheels
sinkers having different plush hooks with or without cutters for producing
patterns in cut or uncut plush in plush fabrics or in plain goods substantially as
set forth.
6. A circular knitting frame with a loop wheel having a rotary brush o below it,
movable in a casing connected by a tube to an exhausting fan, for cleaning the
sinkers and cutters and withdrawing the dust laden air substantially as and for
the purpose set forth and shown.
Dated this 6th der of Anil 1905
E. T. WHITELOW, A.M. Inst. C.E.,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.