Improvements in Bolt Locks for Rifles and other Fire Arms.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 2nd May, 1892-Accepted, 11th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolt Locks for Rifles and other Fire Arms.
1, RICHARD MORRIS of Bennett Park, Blackheath in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a simple and inexpensive construction of the bolt lock
and striker employed for rifles and other fire arms, whereby the working of the
lock is facilitated and its parts are well protected from access of dirt or grit. The
bolt is, as usual, bored out to receive the striker rod and its helical spring the
rear abutment of which is a collar screwed into the bore of the bolt. The striker
rod projects through the rear of the bolt and has fixed on it by a nut a sleeve
piece having on it a lateral projection and an inclined tooth which can enter either
of two notches on the rear of the bolt, the one of these notches being deeper than
the other.
The nut which holds the sleeve piece has preferably a spring tail with a small
projecting stud, which springs into a recess in the end of the sleeve piece thus
preventing the nut from becoming unscrewed.
The bolt has at its front two projecting lugs which enter chases in the breech of
the arm, and these chases have inclined faces, so shaped that, on pushing the bolt
forward and then turning it partly round, the bolt is caused to advance still farther
forward. As the bolt is advanced, the lateral projection from the sleeve at its
rear being prevented from turning by travelling along a chase and being held
stationary by meeting the sear of the trigger, the striker is relatively retracted,
partly by the direct advance of the bolt, and partly by the latter portion of its
advance as it is turned partly round, and then, on pulling the trigger so as to
withdraw the sear, the striker is released, and the charge is fired. On now turning
the bolt partly round and pulling it backwards, the cartridge shell is extracted,
but the partial turn brings the inclined tooth on the sleeve at the rear of the bolt
from the deeper notch into the shallower notch, the striker being thus drawn a
little back to a safety position. Preferably, I extend the metal of the part in
which the bolt slides so far back on the left side as to protect the sleeve at the end
of the bolt from any risk of a blow. Instead of forming the sear on the trigger
itself, I fix it as a tooth on the upper side of a flat blade spring to the underside of
which the trigger is pivotted. On pulling the trigger, which has a tail projecting
behind and bearing against the metal of the shoe, the spring is pulled down and
thus the sear is disengaged from the striker.
In order to keep the base of the cartridge close against the face of the bolt
during its extraction, and to ensure that the ejector shall act on the cartridge, I
fit on the front part of the bolt opposite to the extractor a flat spring the end of
which projects beyond the face of the bolt and is formed as a double latch so
inclined that the flange of the cartridge can engage behind the prominence of the
latch and so be held somewhat firmly, but can escape when it comes against the
ejector.
Dated this 5th day of August 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolt Locks for Rifles and other Fire Arms.
1, RICHARD MORRIS, of Bennett Park, Blackheath in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to a simple and inexpensive construction of the bolt lock
and striker employed for rifles and other fire arms, whereby the working of the
bolt is facilitated and its parts are well protected from access of dirt or grit, as I
shall describe referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, in a vertical plane, of the bolt and striker according
to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a part plan, partly sectional, shewing the breech of the barrel.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the trigger.
Figs. 4 and 5 are views of the rear end of the bolt looking at the left side, the
one, Fig. 4, shewing the bolt with its handle H upright, and Fig. 5 shewing it
when turned one quarter round the handle then being horizontal.
The bolt B is, as usual, bored out to receive the striker rod S and the helical
spring surrounding it, the rear abutment of the spring being a collar C screwed
from the rear into the bore of the bolt. The striker rod S projects through the
rear of the bolt B and has fixed on it by a nut N a sleeve piece P having on it a
lateral projection T.and an inclined tooth t which can enter either of two notches t¹ t²
in the rear of the, bolt B, the notch being deeper than t. The nut N has
preferably a spring tail with a small projecting stud which springs into a recess
in the end of the sleeve piece, P, thus preventing the nut from becoming
unscrewed.
The bolt B has at its front two projecting lugs L which enter chases in the
breech of the arm and these chases have their faces so rounded as shewn at 1, Fig. 2,
that on pushing the bolt B forward so that the lugs L enter the recesses, and then
turning the bolt partly round, it is caused to advance still farther forward by the
lugs bearing against the rounded faces 7. As the bolt is advanced and turned, the
sleeve piece P is prevented from turning by its projection T travelling along a
chase until it meets the sear A of the trigger D; the sleeve and striker being thus
stopped while the bolt advances, the striker is relatively retracted and its spring is
compressed. Then, on pulling the trigger D, so as to withdraw its sear A from
before T, the striker is released and the charge is fired. On now turning the bolt
partly round and pulling it back, the cartridge shell is extracted but the partial
turn brings the inclined tooth t from the deeper notch 2, in which it was engaged
when the charge was fired, into the shallower notch t¹, and, thus the striker is
drawn a little back to a safety position in which its front end does not project
beyond the face of the bolt. Preferably, I extend the metal of the part in which
the bolt slides so far back on the left side, as shewn at M, as to protect the sleeve P
from any risk of a blow. As shewn in the drawings, the sear A, instead of being
on the trigger, is made as a projection upwards from a blade spring E to the
underside of which the trigger is pivotted. The trigger has a tail a projecting
through a hole in the spring E and bearing against the metal above, so that on
pulling back the trigger, the spring E is bent down withdrawing the sear A.
In order to keep the base of the cartridge shell close against the front face of
the bolt B during its extraction, and to ensure that the ejector shall act on the shell,
I fit on to the front part of the bolt, besides the ordinary spring extractor F,
another G, opposite to it, but this, instead of having a hook with a square shoulder
like F, has its hook end inclined latch-like both ways, so that the flange of the
cartridge engaging behind the latch hook is held with certain firmness until it
comes against the ejector, by which it is driven out.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, in respect of bolt locks for rifles and other fire arms, is :-
1. In combination with the bolt B and its notches the striker rod and its
spring, the screw collar C, the sleeve piece P with projection T and tooth
the nut N, constructed and operating substantially as described.
and
2. In combination with the bolt B and the one spring extractor F, a second
spring latch hook G, arranged and operating substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of May 1892.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for Applicant.