IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTO- MATICALLY PLAYING WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Hunt, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTO-
MATICALLY PLAYING WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS." A communication from
abroad by Mason Johnston Matthews, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States
of America.
Sealed the 13th December 1878, and dated the 24th June 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Hunt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th June 1878.
EDMUND HUNT, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Patent
IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATICALLY PLAYING WIND MUSICAL INSTRU-
A communication from abroad by Mason Johnston Matthews, of Boston,
Massachusetts, United States of America.
Agent.
MENTS."
This Invention relates to wind musical instruments in which tunes are played
automatically by means of endless or other tune bands of perforated or embossed
paper or other suitable material, and comprises various improvements.
In one arrangement the reeds are arranged in tubes or cells in one, two, or more
rows, and are fitted with valves carried by levers to which springs are applied
tending to open the valves. The valve levers have projections over which the tune
band passes the unperforated parts, keeping the valves closed, whilst the perforations
allow the levers to be raised by their springs, so as to open the valves. The bellows
are arranged to act by suction, so as not to force open the valves. The tune band
is stretched on rollers on a frame which is removable from the instrument to
facilitate the changing of the tune band.
In a second arrangement, the reed cells are in a box which is movable for
changing the tune band, this band passing between the reed box and the part of
the instrument comprising the wind chest and bellows. The top of the wind chest
is made with orifices opposite the reed cell orifices, and is pressed by springs and

page_text: by the air pressure inside it against the reed box, so as to insure that the tune
band will not allow air to pass, excepting through the tune perforations.
A modification of this second arrangement is made, in which there is substituted
for the bellows a mouth-piece, by which the performer may blow air into the
instrument.
In a third arrangement, the instrument resembles in appearance an ancient
watchman's rattle, the performer holding the instrument by a handle and swinging
it round so as to make it rotate on the handle. This rotation makes an endless
tune band pass round a part of the handle which acts as a roller and round another
roller, and the band also passes over the orifices of a number of reed cells. The
rotation also through cranks or eccentrics works bellows fitted inside the instru-
ment, these bellows being arranged to act by suction, which insures the tune band
keeping close upon the reed cell orifices.
In a fourth arrangement, the tune band is embossed, so as to present projections
corresponding to the notes of the tune instead of perforations. The embossed pro-
jections act on the valve levers, which levers are in this case centered between the
valves and the parts acted on. The reed cells and levers may be arranged in
various ways, but compactness and convenience is obtained by forming them in a
box with inclined sides, the orifices and valves being alternately on the opposite
inclined sides, with the lovers from both sides inclined up to the same central line
where they are all acted on by the tune band.
In the various arrangements herein-before described, the tune band is moved by
turning one of the rollers by which it is stretched, or by being passed between two
nipping rollers, one of which is turned by a handle, and the same movement is
made to act on the bellows by cranks or eccentrics.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edmund Hunt in the Creat Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
December 1878.
EDMUND HUNT, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Patent
Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATICALLY PLAYING WIND MUSICAL INSTRU-
MENTS. A communication from abroad by Mason Johnston Matthews, of Boston,
Massachusetts, United States of America.
The said Invention relates to wind musical instruments in which tunes are
played automatically by means of endless or other tuno bands of perforated or
embossed paper or other suitable material, and comprises various improvements.
In one arrangement the reeds are arranged in tubes or cells in one, two, or more
rows, and are fitted with valves carried by levers to which springs are applied,
tending to open the valves. The valve levers have projections over which the tune
band passes, the unperforated parts keeping the valves closed, whilst the perfora-
tions allow the levers to be raised by their springs, so as to open the valves. The
bellows are arranged to act by suction so as not to force open the valves. The tune
band is stretched on rollers on a frame which is removable from the instrument to
facilitate the changing of the tune band.
In a second arrangement the reed cells are in a box which is movable for
changing the tune band, this band passing between the reed box and the part of
the instrument comprising the wind chest. The top of the wind chest is mado
with orifices opposite the reed cell orifices, and is pressed by springs and by the air
pressure inside it against the reed box, so as to insure that the tune band will not
allow air to pass excepting through the tune perforations.
In this arrangement there is substituted for the bollows a mouth-piece by which
the performer may blow air into the instrument.
In a third arrangement the instrument resembles in appearance an ancient
watchman's rattle, the performer holding the instrument by a handle, and swinging
it round so as to make it rotate on the handle. This rotation makes an endless
tune band pass round a part of the handle which acts as a roller and round another
roller, and the band also passes over the orifices of a number of reed cells. The
rotation also through cranks or eccentrics works bellows fitted inside the instru-
inent; these bellows being arranged to act by suction, which insures the tune band
keeping close upon the reed cell orifices.
In a fourth arrangement the tune hand is embossed so as to present projections
corresponding to the notes of the tune instead of perforations. The embossed pro-
jections act on the valve levers, which levers are in this case centered between the
valves and the parts acted on. The reed cells and levers may be arranged in
various ways, but compactness and convenience is obtained by forming them in a
box with inclined sides, the orifices and valves being alternately on the opposito
inclined sides, with the levers from both sides inclined up to the same central line,
where they are all acted on by the tune band.
In the various arrangements herein-before described, the tune band is moved by
turning one of the rollers by which it is stretched, or by being passed between two
nipping rollers, one of which is turned by a handle, and the same movement is
made to act on the bellows by cranks or eccentrics.
And in order that the said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood, I hereunto append three Sheets of explanatory
Drawings to be herein-after referred to, and representing various modifications of
the improved automatically playing wind musical instruments.
Figures 1, 2, and 3, on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings, represent various
views of one arrangement of the improved automatically playing wind musical
instrument, and by the Inventor termed an orguinette.

page_text: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one of the sides of the improved instrument
showing the reed board, chamber cap, pressure cap, and bellows; Figure 2 is an
elevation of one side of the instrument representing the manner in which the
bellows are operated; Figure 3 is an elevation of one of its ends with the music
removed.
The air reservoir B is mounted on the under side of the platform W, and the
feeders or bellows C are mounted on the lower board of the reservoir B. This is a
simple and compact form of construction involving the employment of the least
possible space, and requiring no supplementary wind chest, such as is ordinarily
employed in reed instruments. The feeders or bellows C are operated by the
crank D through the medium of the three-armed lever E, the toggles e, and the
wire projections F.
As the bellows and the tune band are both operated by the same handle it is
necessary that some provision be made to prevent the jerking that would be
consequent upon a continuous turning of the handle when the reservoir is exhausted.
This is secured by the wire projections F.
The tube board is constructed similar to that of a keyboard cabinet organ, the
main difference being that the tubes are not directly opposite each other, but are
arranged and located so that the tubes of one row are opposite the partitions
between the tubes of the other row. The reeds are inserted in these tubes in
alternate succession, each consecutive reed in the scale being in a different row.
The object of this arrangement is to bring the push points f of the valves H as
close together as is practicable, so that there may be used a narrower tune band
than would be necessary for the same number of reeds if they were all located in
one row.
The mouths of the tubes are closed by the strips I, and a hole is made through
the tubes directly over the reeds. These holes are controlled by the valves H.
The springs J tend to keep the valves H away from their seat.
Screwed or otherwise to the top of the tube board K is a chamber cap L. The
valves are all mounted within the chamber N. Through the top of the chamber
cap L are a series of holes corresponding to the push points f of the valves H. There
is also a series of holes through the pressure cap O corresponding to the series of
holes through the chamber cap L. The pressure cap O is held down by a spring of
sufficient strength to resist the force of the springs J.
The perforated sheet is inserted between the pressure cap O and the chamber
cap Land between the friction rollers P, so that when the handle Q is turned the
rollers P draw the perforated sheet R along and over the push points of the
valves Hand thus hold them closely to their seats excepting at intervals provided
for by the perforations. The exhaust power of the bellows combined with the
perforated sheet keeps the valves on their seats. The springs J are little more than
strong enough to resist the wind force exerted on the valves H, so that the friction
of the push points on the perforated sheet is very slight. The two ends of the
perforated sheet R are joined together so as to form a continuous or endless band,
passing over the chamber cap L around each end and between the feet of the
instrument.
Provision for facilitating the mounting and removal of the perforated band R is
made in the movable guide rails S. In one end of each guide rail S is a stud T.
This stud T passes into a hole in the holder U. The other end of each guide rail
is held down by a hook V. The guide rails S are held together by the cross rails S¹
so that the whole forms an easily handled frame.
Between the platform W, upon which the main parts of the instrument are
mounted, and the base board X are pillars Y, so that the bellows and action which
operates them are exposed to view. The case may be of any suitable design.
The base board X might be dispensed with, and the action might be supported
on turned legs.
Instead of the turned pillars square posts might be used, and wire gauze neatly

page_text: stenciled might be stretched around them so as to cover in all sides and concoal the
bellows, or the whole action might be incased in wood.
The bellows might be mounted so that their movements might be parallel with
the sides of the instrument or in any other desirable position, so that they might be
operated by pulleys and cord in connection with a crank, or by friction pulleys and
crank; or they might be operated by a rocking shaft mounted below the feeders
and connected with the crank.
The tube board might be constructed so that the reeds inserted therein would
stand in a vertical position and the valves rest on the mouths of the tubes, instead
of as shown.
The valves H may be made of either metal or wood, and they may be hinged
with leather or other suitable material.
A modification of the arrangement just described is shown in Figures 7, 8, 9,
10, on Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 7 is a plan of the improved musical instrument with portions of the
perforated tune band broken away; Figure 8 is an elevation of the rear side of the
instrument without the enclosing casing; Figure 9 is a vertical longitudinal section
on line x, x; and Figure 10 is a vertical transverse section on line 2, z, on Figures 7
and 9.
A is the wind chest supported on the legs B and having secured to its under side
the reservoir C and the two wind moving bellows D, D³, and upon its upper side
the reed chamber E, having set therein in a vertical position two rows or series of
reeds a, and provided with suitable wind passages 6 leading therefrom, all con-
structed in a well-known manner. The wind passages are closed by valves c,
depending from levers & pivoted at e to the bar F, and provided upon their
upper sides with angular projections d', upon which the endless band of paper G
presses to hold said valves down upon their seats, a spring f serving to raise
cach of the said valves when one of the openings 9 cut in the tune band G
passes over its angular projection or push point d¹, the rear end of the lever d
striking against the bar F to limit its upward movement, as shown at h in
Figure 9.
To facilitate the insertion and removal of the reeds the bar F is provided with
journals i, one at each end, and mounted in bearings in the standards; in such a
manner that it may be rotated partially around its axis, carrying with it all the
valves c and their levers d, removing them from above the reed chamber to one
side thereof in an obvious manner. H is the driving shaft, provided at one end
with the operating crank H', and at the opposite end with the crank H², and
mounted in bearings in the upper ends of the pistons I, fitted to move up and
down in the hollow posts J projecting upward from the upper side of the wind
chest A, said pistons resting at their lower ends upon the springs k, which tend to
force said pistons and the shaft H upward; K and L are two guide rollers mounted
in bearings in the standards and m respectively, and over which the lower portion
of the endless band of perforated paper G passes, said rollers serving to aid in
keeping said band tight at the point where it acts upon the angular push points d²;
M are four posts projecting upward from the wind chest A, upon which rests a
skeleton frame composed of the two side rails N and cross ties N¹, the said frame
being firmly secured thereon by the latches n pivoted to the posts M and engaging
with the headed pins or screws o, as shown; O is a guide roller having its bearings
in the side rails N, and adapted to press upon the tune band just as it approaches
the angular push points and aid in keeeping the band tight at the point of action;
P is a roller or drum mounted in bearings in the ends of the side rails N directly
over the driving shaft H, which is pressed against its periphery with considerable
force by the springs k, thereby gripping the tune band G, which passes around the
roller and between it and the shaft H, in such a manner that a rotation of the
shaft H will cause the tune band to travel around the roller P. To the opposite
end of each of the side rails N is fitted, so as to move endwise in suitable slides or

page_text: bearings formed thereon, an extension N', having formed in its outer end a bearing
to receive one of the jonrnals of the roller Q, around which the tune band G passes,
as shown in Figure 9. The extension bars N2 and roller Q are forced outward by
the springs to strain the band tight, and may be moved inward at pleasure when
it is desired to change the tune by removing the tune hand and substituting
another therefor. The extension bars N2 are cach connected by a wire r to the
journal of the roller R, which has its bearings in slots a formed in the inner faces of
the side rails N, and along which it may be moved by partially rotating the
eccentric roller S by means of the lever T. The rollers P and Q are made of a
diameter greater than the width of the side rails N; and when it is desired to
change the tune the frame N, N', is removed from the instrument, the roller Q is
moved inward to slacken the tune band, when it can easily be slipped off from the
rollers and another put in its place, when the roller Q is again moved outward into
the bite of the tune band to strain it tight. The frame with the tune band is then
placed in position on the posts M with the pins t entering holes in the under sides
of the rails N, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 9; and the laiches n are brought
into engagement with the pins o to lock the frame in position when the instru
ment is ready for operation. U is a rocking shaft mounted in bearings in the
hangers V, and having formed therein between said bearings the two cranks U
and U projecting in opposite directions and engaging with slots formed in blocks
W and W respectively, said blocks being secured to the lower boards respectively
of the bellows D and D¹. The shaft U is also provided at one end with the
crank u, to which a vibratory motion is imparted by the crank H³ on the driving
shaft through the medium of the connecting rod X. Y is a spring applied to the
reservoir C to keep it expanded in a well-known manner.
Figure 11 on Sheet 3 of the accompanying Drawings shows the second arrange-
ment of the improved instrument. In this instrument, by the Inventor termed a
trumpetto, a base board A. fixed in the casing of the instrument has a narrow
vertical piece B along one side, into a hole in which a hollow mouth-piece C, formed
with a downwardly projecting handle I), is fitted. The narrow vertical piece B has
hinged upon its upper edge a frame E, which forms the top of the wind chest F.
The reed cells are in a box I, which is placed upon the top E of the wind chest F,
and it is movable to admit of the tune band J being changed. The perforated tune
band J passes between the reed box I and the part of the instrument comprising
the wind chest F. The top. E of the wind chost F is made with orifices & opposite
the reed cell orifices l. Springs m, assisted by the air pressure inside the wind
chest F, press the top frame E against the reed box I, so as to insure that the tune
band J will not allow air to pass, excepting through the tune perforations. The
perforated tune band is drawn through the instrument by two rollers O, O', one
of which is provided with a crank handle N for turning by hand.
Figure 12 on Sheet 3 of the accompanying Drawings is a perspective view of an
arrangement of the improved musical instrument, in which the instrument resembles
in appearance an ancient watchman's rattle, and by the Inventor termed a
phuniphone.
Figure 14 is a plan; Figure 15, a transverse section on line xx, on Figure 14;
Figure 13 is a longitudinal section on line z-z, on Figure 15; and Figure 16 and 17
are respectively a plan and sectional elevation of a portion of the reed chamber and
the casing.
A and A' are the two parts of the casing or frame of the instrument hinged
together at a, and secured together at the opposite end by the hook b and pin b';
B is the operating or driving shaft mounted in bearings in the portion A of the
frame, and having firmly secured upon one end, outside of the casing, the pulley C,
and upon the other end the handle D, to be grasped in the hand of the operator, as
shown in Figure 12, and thus held in a fixed position, or prevented from revolving
about its axis while the body of the instrument is made to revolve about said shaft;
E is the vacuum chamber or reservoir attached permanently to the portion A of the

page_text: frame or casing, and provided upon one side with a serios of wind passagos c, and
baving secured to the opposite side two or more wind moving bellows F, each pro-
vided with a suitable valve d and a forked arm e, as shown in Figure 12 and 13;
G is a shaft having formed therein two cranks f, set opposite to each other, and cach.
fitted to and working in the fork of one of the arms e, to impart motion to the
bellows. The shaft G has its. bearings in the frame A, and has secured to its upper
end the pulley H, connected by the endless belt I with the pulley C on the upper
end of the shaft B. The reservoir or vacuum chamber E is kept expanded by the
spring g; J is an endless tune band, having formed therein a series of perforations,
so arranged as to produce a tune in passing over the wind passages between the
reservoir and the reed chamber, said band being mounted upon the carrying rollers
or drums K. and L, removably mounted in bearings in the portion A' of the casing
or frame, one near each end thereof, in such position that the inner portion of said
tune band, when the two parts of the casing are secured together, shall rost upon
and move in contact with the wall of the reservoir E, through which the wind
passages c are made. The roller K has its periphery covered with rubbor, and its
journals rest in slots cut in the inner faces of the sides of casing A¹, in such a
position as to press the tune band between it and the shaft B, around which it
revolves when the instrument is in operation, and by frictional contact therewith,
cause said tune band to be moved continuously around the carrying rollers, and the
several perforations therein to be brought successively over the wind passages c.
The roller L is also provided with journals i, which fit into the angular slots h
(shown mostly in dotted lines in Fig. 13), and is forced toward the end of the casing
or frame A¹, and into the bite of the endless tune band J by the tension of the
springs attached to the portion A of the frame, and adapted to engage with the
journals i when the two portions A and A¹ of the frame are closed together. Mis
the reed chest or chamber, provided with a series of reeds ; and wind passages k,
corresponding in number with and directly over the wind passages c, and also pro-
vided at each end with a projecting pin or lug l, which fits into the slot m made
through the side bar of casing A¹, and bears upon the spring n inserted in a chamber
formed in said side bar, said spring being adapted to force the reed chest toward the
reservoir, and press the tune band thereon, when the two parts of the casing are
secured together in position for operation.
In the arrangement just described the reeds are adapted to be operated by suction,
and the bellows F, shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15 on the Drawings are suction
bellows, but pressure bellows and reeds adapted to be operated thereby inay be used
in the instrument if preferred.
In an arrangement shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, on Sheet 1 of the accompanying
Drawings, the improved instrument is constructed for the use of a tune band,
embossed or formed with projections instead of the perforated tune band of the
previously described modifications.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation, representing the main parts of the improved
instrument.
Figure 5 is a plan showing the arrangement of the valves, the operating paper
sheet being removed.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of one of the ends of the instrument.
The bellows are constructed on the ordinary suction principle. On the top of the
platform D is the reed chest E. The reeds K, K₁, are arranged in two rows in
alternate rotation, so as to bring the reeds within as narrow compass as possible.
On the top of the reed chest E are two grooved rails F arranged parallel with each
other. Mounted on these rails F are the lever valves G. The cam points f reach
through the platform g to the tune band H. Fixed to the under surface of this tune
band H are patches of wood h of suitable lengths, and arranged at intervals agree-
able to the tune or music to be produced. The platform g is provided with grooves i
to allow the passage of the studs or projections on the tune band H. The par-
titions between the grooves serve to guide said studs to the levers which they are

page_text: designed to operate. The tune band H is moved along between the feed rollers I, I',
the roller I being grooved in correspondence with the grooves on the platform g.
The roller I is covered with rubber. The roller I is grooved to correspond with the
grooves in the platform g. On the end of the roller 1¹ is a crank J, and on the
other end is a haudle K. When the handle K is turned the bellows are operated
through the medium of the crank J and other suitable mechanism, and the tune
band H is drawn along and over the cam points f, which are depressed at suitable
intervals by the patches of wood or projections h, and thus the lever valves G are
opened and air admitted to the reeds k, ¹. As the cam points f are released the
lever valves G fall to their seats, to which they are closely sucked by the exhaust
power of the bellows, no valve springs such as would be necessary in connection
with pressure bellows being required. The tune band H is held down by the
cap R.
The grooved platform g may be substituted by a series of wire guides answering
to the partitions between the grooves on the platform g.
In the several arrangements shown on the accompanying Drawings (herein-before
described) the tune band is in an endless form. Such form is however suitable for
short tunes or parts of tunes only, and for longer tunes the bands which are not
endless are cach unwound off one barrel and wound upon another whilst being
passed through the instrument.
Having thus particularly described the said Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same, as communicated to me by the said Mason Johnston Matthews,
I have to state that I do not restrict myself to the precise details herein described
or delineated, but that what I believe to be novel and original, and claim as the
Invention secured to me by and in terms of the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
1. The combination of reeds and their air passages and a perforated tune band
with a series of valves, constructed and arranged to be held to their scats by the
combined action of the said perforated tune band and pneumatic pressure, substan-
tially as described and shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3 on Sheet 1 of the accompanying
Drawings.
2. The combination of reeds and their air passages with a series of valves (H),
constructed substantially as described and with a perforated tunc band, all as and
for the purpose set forth and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3.
3. The combination and arrangement of the friction rollers (P) and three-armed
lever (E) with the adjustable toggles (e) and bellows (C) when constructed and
arranged substantially as described, and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3.
4. The combination of the friction rollers (P) and perforated tune band (R) with
the valves (H), substantially as set forth, and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3.
5. The combination of a perforated tune band with the valves (H) and the
removable guide rails (S), substantially as and for the purpose specified, and as
shown in Figures 1, 2, 3.
6. In an automatically playing wind musical instrument having reeds and a band
perforated to produce a tune in connection with valves, the reeds arranged in
alternate positions in two rows, substantially as herein-before specified and as
shown in Figures 1, 2, 3.
7. The combination of the reed chamber (E) provided with a series of reed and
wind passages, the pivoted bar (F), a series of levers (d) provided with angular or
other suitable shaped push points (d') and valves (c), and pivoted to the bar (F) and
a perforated tune band, all arranged and adapted to operate substantially as and for
the purposes herein-before described with reference to Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 on
Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
8. The combination of a series of valves (c), push points (d'), with a perforated
tune band (G) and rollers (K, L, O), adapted to strain thic tune band tight near the
point of action upon the push points, substantially as herein-before described, and
as shown in Figures 7, 8, 9, 10.

page_text: 9. The combination of a perforated tune band (G) for controlling the passage of
wind through the recds of a musical instrument with a detachable frame, having
mounted in each end thereof a tune band carrying roller, the periphery of which
extends beyond the top, bottom, and ends of the said frame, substantially as and for
the purposes herein-before described, and as shown in Figures 7, 8, 9, 10.
10. The detachable frame (N, N') provided with the extension bars (N°), in com-
bination with the rollers (P, Q,) and springs (p), all arranged and adapted to operate
substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described with reference to
Figures 7, 8, 9, 10.
11. The combination in an automatically playing wind musical instrument of a
detachable frame, a pair of rollers or drums mounted in the said frame, one at each
end thereof, a perforated tune band stretched tight around the said rollers, and a
driving shaft mounted in yielding bearings directly beneath one of the said rollers,
and adapted to grip the said tunc band between it and the said rollers, substan-
tially as and for the purposes herein-before described, and as shown in Figures
7, 8, 9, 10.
12. The combination of the base board (A), narrow vertical piece (B), having the
mouth-piece (C) for blowing wind into the instrument, the top frame (E) formed
with a series of air passages (c), and forming with the base board (A) the wind
chest (F), tunc band (J), rollers (0, 0¹), one having crank handle (N), removable
reed box (I) formed with reed and wind passages (1), all arranged and adapted to
operate substantially as herein-before described with reference to Figure 11 ou
Sheet 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
13. The combination of the inoutli-piece (C) for blowing into the instrument
with a tune band (J) and a reod box (I), arranged and operating substantially as
herein-before described with reference to Figure 11.
14. The mode of operating musical instruments by causing the body of the
instrument to rotate about a handle, substantially as herein-before described with
reference to Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15 on Sheet 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
15. The combination of the handled shaft (D, B,) with one or more bellows (F),
and with a vacuum or reservoir chamber (E), having a series of wind passages (c),
and with a reed chamber (M) having a series of reeds and wind passages, and also
with a tune band (J), all arranged and adapted for being whirled by hand, substan-
tially as and for the purposes herein-before described, and as shown in Figures
12, 13, 14, 15.
16. The combination comprising the non-rotating handled shaft (D, B),
bellows (F), each having a forked arm (e); shaft (G), having one or moro
cranks (f), pulley (H), and an endless belt (I), all arranged and adapted to
operate substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described with reference
to Figures 12, 13, 14, 15.
17. The combination of the tune band carrying roller (L) mounted in the angular
slots (h) in the side bars of the portion (A') of the frame and the springs (1) attached
to the portion (A) of the frame, and adapted to engage with the journals of the
said roller, and force it towards the end of the frame when the two parts of frame
are secured together, substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described,
and as shown in Figures 12, 13, 14, 15.
18. The reed chamber (M), provided at each end with a lug or pin (c), in com-
bination with slots (m) and springs (n) in the side bars of the frame (A'), substan-
tially as herein-before described, and as shown in Figures 16, 17.
19. The lever valves (G) mounted on the outside of the incline-sided tubo
board (E), arranged relatively to the wind reservoir (B), and adapted to be held to
their scats by their own weight and pneumatic pressure in combination with a tuno
band having projections, patches, or studs on its surface, as herein-before described
with reference to Figures 4, 5, and 6 on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings.
20. In an automatically playing wind musical instrument having a tune band
with projections on its surface for the purpose of operating valves, the reeds (k, k¹,)

page_text: arranged alternately in two rows, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before
described with reference to Figures 4, 5, 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Hunt, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.