AN IMPROVED WINE SAMPLER
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Harry Sandeman, Gentleman, of 20, Saint Swithin's
Lane, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED WINE SAMPLER."
Sealed the 9th August 1878 and dated the 22nd February 1878
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1878.
HARRY SANDEMAN, Gentleman, of 20, St. Swithins Lane. AN IMPROVED WINE
SAMPLER."
<<
The said Invention is an important improvement upon my original Invention of
the 29th May 1877, and Numbered 2083.
My Invention still relates to the drawing off samples from wine, spirit, or any
other description of cask in a more cleanly and improved manner, but also my new
improvements in the arrangement of the mouths of the air and liquor tubes
respectively enable the sampler to be easily used for sampling without drip, and
also for filling bottles without danger of overflow.
The application of the mouth to the vent hole of the cask to cause an afterflow
of the liquor or spirit is rendered unnecessary by my Invention, and liquor can be
drawn off into a bottle without any second air vent being bored into the cask.
My Invention consists in the first place of a hollow metallic spigot, which may be
driven into a hole bored in the head of the cask, and from which a continuous flow
of the wine, spirit, or other liquor may then be obtained so long as may be desired,
or until a bottle is filled.
For sampling my improved apparatus consists of an exterior taper tube made of
brass, or copper silvered, or of solid German silver, which forms the liquor tube.

page_text: The inner end is smallest, and is smooth and taper for driving into the cask, and the
exterior end is bent down so as to greatly facilitate the flow of the wine or
liquor. Inside this liquor tube is bronzed a smaller air tube, which must be bent
upwards inside the cask, and issues from the bent part of the exterior pipe. This
orifice of the interior air pipo now plays an important part in my improved
sampler.
The orifice may be closed by a small india-rubber self-acting valve, like the air
valve of a flute, or by an elastic ring, or in a simpler of simplest form by the finger.
When this orifice is thus closed no flow can take place, and the sampler may be
left in the case whilst the bottle or glass is withdrawn without waste or drip taking
place. This sampler may thus by this improvement be used as a tap for drawing
off wine or liquor, which self-closes by the action of the air valve when the latter
is not pressed open.
For filling bottles my apparatus has the outer tube fitted with a collar just above
the bend, and has no valve fitted to the air orifice which issues about three-eights
of an inch above the mouth of the liquor tube. The effect of this is that as the
bottle fills, the wine or liquor in rising covers and closes the air admission orifice.
This has the effect of at once causing the flow to cease, and the bottle thus runs no
danger of overfilling or waste.
When the air orifice is open the difference of internal liquid pressure due to the
different levels upon the internal orifices of the air and outflow pipes causes a
ready flow outwards of the liquor, and a corresponding flow of air through the air
pipe.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Harry Sandeman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th August
1878.
HARRY SANDEMAN, of 20, St. Swithins Lane, in the City of London, Gentleman.
" AN IMPROVED WINE SAMPLER."
The said Invention is an important improvement upon my original Invention of
the 29th of May 1877, and numbered 2083.
My Invention still relates to the drawing of samples from wine, spirit, or any
other description of cask in a more cleanly and improved manner, but also my new
improvements in the arrangement of the mouths of the air and liquor tubes
respectively enable the sampler to be easily used for sampling without drip,
and also for filling bottles without danger of overflow.
The application of the mouth to the vent hole of the cask to cause an afterflow of
the liquor or spirit is rendered unnecessary by my Invention, and liquor can be
drawn off into a bottle without any second air vent being bored into the cask.
My Invention consists in the first place of a hollow metallic spigot, which may be
driven into a hole bored in the head of the cask, and from which a continuous flow
of the wine, spirit, or other liquid may then be obtained so long as may be desired,
or until a bottle is filled.
For sampling my improved apparatus consists of an exterior taper tube made of
brass, or copper silvered, or of solid German silver, or of any other suitable material,
which forms the liquor tube. The inner end is smallest, and is smooth and taper for
driving into the cask, and the exterior end is bent down, so as to greatly facilitate
the flow of the wine or liquor. Inside this liquor tube is brazed a smaller air
tube, which must be bent upwards inside the cask, and issues from the bent part
of the exterior tube. This orifice of the interior air pipe now plays an important
part in my improved sampler.
The orifice may be closed by a small india-rubber self-acting valve, like the air
valve of a flute, or by an elastic ring, or in a sampler of simpler form by the finger.
When this orifice is thus closed no flow can take place, and the sampler inay be left
in the cask whilst the bottle or glass is withdrawn without waste or drip taking
place. This sampler may thus by this improvement be used as a tap for drawing off
wine or liquor, which self-closes by the action of the air valve when the latter is not
pressed open.
For filling bottles my apparatus has the outer tube fitted with a collar just above
the bend, and has no valve fitted to the air orifice which issues about three-eighths
of an inch above the mouth of the liquor tube. The effect of this is that as the
bottle fills the wine or liquor in rising covers and closes the air admission orifice.
This has the effect of at once causing the flow to cease, and the bottle thus runs no
danger of overflowing or waste.
When the air orifice is opened the difference of internal liquid pressure due to
the different levels upon the internal orifices of the air and outflow pipes causes a
ready flow outwards of the liquor, and a corresponding flow inwards of air through
the air pipe.
Referring to the annexed Drawing, Fig. I. is an outside view of my improved
sampler.
Fig. II. is a section through the centre of the said sampler, so as to shew
the double tube arrangement.
The letter A in both Figs. shows the outer tube of copper, brass, silver, or any
other suitable material. The exterior end B is bent down so as to ensure an easy flow.
The letter C represents the inner and smaller tube by which air is admitted into the
cask to produce a steady and continuous flow. This inner tube communicates with
the atmosphere at D, and is bent upwards at the inner end, so as to render the

page_text: liquid pressure per square inch less on the air pipe than on the outflow pipe, and
thus to determine the flow in the required direction outward through the larger
tube.
The orifice of this air tube at D may be closed in this simplest form by the finger
when the flow ceases.
Fig. III. represents an outside view, and Fig. IV. a section of my improved
sampler fitted with an india-rubber valve, and opening to self-close, so that no
waste or drip can take place even if the bottle be removed.
The india-rubber valve rests on a saddle on the tube, and is pressed down over
the orifice by an india-rubber ring. The valve is fitted with a thumb rest, which,
acting as a lever, raises the valve by the pressure of the thumb, and thus causes a
flow when desired.
In bottling for samples no valve is required if the collar E, in Figs. I. and II., be
used with the air orifice some little distance below the collar. For in such case the
rising of the liquid closes the air orifice, and thus prevents further flow before waste
has occurred.
I particularly claim, the construction of a double tube, as shown, with air inlet
and liquor outlet orifices at different levels, with a collar on the outer tube against
which to bottle, and an air orifice below the said collar; also the adaptation of a
self-closing valve to the air orifice of the outer tube, substantially as shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Harry Sandeman, have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal, the Nineteenth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
HARRY SANDEMAN. (LS.)¯