Improvements in Stoves and Ranges.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd July, 1889-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves and Ranges.
We, ETTORE CALONE, Cook, residing at 124 West Twenty-fifth Street, New York
City, County of New York, in the State of New York, one of the United States of
America and FRANK AVERY CHAPMAN, Engineer, of Morris-town, Morris County, in
the State of New Jersey, one of the United States aforesaid, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND RANGES," and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:
-
Our invention relates to stoves and ranges which can be specially adjusted for
successful broiling and has for its object such a construction as will enable one skilled
in the art of cookery, by means of such construction, favorably adjusted, as hereafter
shown, to broil meats and other substances in such a way as that they shall not be
injured by smoke, cinders, ashes or vapors.
The object of the invention, so far as the same relates to broiling, is accomplished
by means of a downward or reversed draft through the bed of coals, effected by the
aid of dampers and flues as specifically shown herein.
By means of our invention, the smoke, cinders, gases and ashes as well as odors of
the meat instead of being carried toward and upon the broiling substances are diverted
and carried away from the same-while the clear heat, free from smoke, flame or
gases, radiates upon such substances so that meats and other foods in broiling retain
their flavor free from noxious influences affecting the same.
By like means the labor and exposure of the cook are greatly lessened, through the
diversion of the heat, and other qualities above mentioned so that the cook does not
suffer from being compelled to inhale noxious gases, or from the heat of the fire.
The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification and are respectively
described as follows:
Figure 1 shows a vertical section view of a stove or range constructed according to
our invention.
Figure 2 shows a top view of the same.
Figure 3 shows a vertical cross section through the centre.
Figure 4 is a perspective view, showing a modification.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where
they occur.
Referring to figures 1, 2 and 3, A, A, A, are the sides and bottom, composing the
general framework of such a construction.
N, is a movable top for the stove adapted to apply when required over the entire
width of the fire box, but not extending over the ovens. It is so arranged as to slide
backward out of the way when the range is used for broiling.
P are brackets placed at the rear of the stove to support the sliding top N when
the same is moved back to adjust the stove for broiling.
CC indicates the usual fire brick lining for the fire box.
Y, Z are ovens adjoining the firo box on each side.
In the slide N are stove holes, closed by removable covers or lids O, which allow
the employment of kettles not shown.
E is the ash pit below the fire box. There is a door F, opening into the ash pit.
G is a damper in such door.
The fire grate bars D are so constructed in two tiers as that one tier may be fixed
and the other movable, the movable grate bars being connected and operated in any
usual manner for shaking out the ashes and cinders into the ash pit below, or the fire
grate bars may be arranged to be revolved in the usual way.
Directly over the fire box is a detachable broiling grate M near the top of the stove
adapted to serve as a broiler when the top N is moved back.

page_text: Hrepresents a rear chamber or flue communicating with the smoke pipe I. It is
separated from the fire box and ash pit by a partition L, extending froin the top to
the bottom of the stove.
The upper portion of the dratt chamber H not only communicates directly with the
sinoke pipe I and through it with the chimney, not shown, but also communicates
through an opening J in the interposed partition L with the upper portion of the fire
box near the top of the stove, controlled by means of the door or damper a, as shown
in figure 3. By opening this damper a when desired a direct draft for kindling or
quickening the fire may be obtained upward from the ash pit through the grate and
fire box and thence directly to the smoke pipe I, in the manner common to ordinary
stoves.
R, R are dampers working as hereafter described, regulating the draft of heat and
flame into the flues under the ovens Y, Z and through flues f, f, up to and over the
dampers T, T, thence across and rearward over the ovens, and finally through the top
of the chamber H into the eduction smoke pipe I.
The same dampers R, R regulate the draft and current of heat and flame from the
sides of the ash pit E to the flues d between the ash pit and the lower parts of the
ovens and through the flues e, f, up to and past the dampers T, and thence over
the tops of the ovens, as is shown by g, figure 2, and thence through the chamber H
into the eduction smoke pipe I.
Another opening, see K in figure 3, is formed in said partition L immediately
above the grate D, whereby, upon closing the other passages, a draft may be produced
from the top of the stove obliquely downward through the fire and rearward into the
chamber H, and through the latter to the smoke pipe 1. This opening is fitted with
a perforated plate or grating and also with a damper door, b, by which it is opened or
closed at pleasure.
Another extended opening L' is formed in the partition L, between the draft
chamber H and the ash pit E. This is below the grate bars D, and is controlled by
a door or damper C, by opening which and closing the dampers a and b a downward
draft may be created from above through the bed of fuel and through the grate bars
and ash pit, and thence upward through the chamber H to the smoke pipe I.
When the ovens are not needed for use they may be cut off by closing the
dampers R, T and S, and operating the stove by the dampers a, b and C shown in
figure 3.
It will be understood that by closing the dampers R, T and S on one side and
opening the corresponding dampers on the other side all the heat and flame may be
diverted to and utilized by one oven exclusively.
The drafts may be regulated by the various dampers, as may be required by
atmospheric conditions or other requirements, so as to secure the desired distribution
of heat about the ovens or for exclusive use in broiling.
N' is a register in the top plate N by opening which air may be admitted above
and allowed to descend through the fire without sliding back the top plate. This
register is especially of service when the ovens are to be used, and broiling is not
simultaneously required.
In hotels, restaurants and for other similar uses where the various kinds of cooking
are performed by different persons and are accomplished in appropriate separate
constructions, we may dispense with the ovens shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and simply
employ the construction shown in figure 4.
Such use admits of a cheap and simple construction of stove. The changes in the
construction and method of operating the same are obvious.
We claim as our invention :
1. The combination with the fire box, fire grate, broiling grate and ash pit, of
dampers and eduction flues in a stove, with adjoining ovens, so constructed as to
receive from above through the fire box and fire bed the drafts or currents of air
required in maintaining combustion, and to lead and carry them downward and
outward in a direction the reverse of the usual one, as and for the purposes herein set
forth.

page_text: 2. The combination with the fire box, fire grate, broiling grate and ash pit, of
dampers and flues extending under, around and over the adjoining ovens, one or both,
in manner as herein described, and shown in figures 1 and 2 in a stove so constructed
as to receive from above through the fire box and fire bed the drafts or currents of air
required in maintaining combustion whereby the currents of heat and flame passing
downwards through the fire box and fire bed are utilized in baking or roasting in the
adjoining ovens, all as herein specifically described and shown.
3. The combination in a stove or range with the broiling grate, fire box, fire grate,
ash pit and ovens, of the dampers and eduction flues adapted to induce and maintain
a downward draught through the fire when desired, and constructed also with a
damper so arranged as by opening said damper to receive the drafts or currents of air
required in maintaining combustion below the fire box and fire grate, and leading the
smoke, flame and heat upward through and from the fire box and fire bed outwards,
substantially as herein shown and set forth.
4. The combination in a stove or range, with broiling grate, grate bars, fire bed,
and ash pit and dampers and eduction Hues and adjoining ovens, of a movable top
with lids or covers that may be raised, which top is so constructed and adjusted as to
slide backward and forward as required for broiling or for other kinds of cooking,
which top is moved and sustained in various positions, substantially as shown in
drawings and in specification.
5. The combination in a stove or range with the broiling grate, fire box, fire grate,
ash pit and sliding top with its register N¹, of dampers and eduction flues so arranged
as to receive over and above the fire box and fire bed the drafts or currents of air
required in maintaining combustion and to lead and carry them downwards and
outwards in reverse direction from the usual one, thus securing in the process of
broiling the advantages and conveniences herein above set forth.
1000
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.