Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nicholas Demetrius Spartali, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Steam Ship Agent, for the Invention of

page_text: admit of air circulating around it. The back of the basket will be set
at an incline so as to contract the area of fuel space at the bottom of
the basket. This back I propose to line with fire-clay, and immediately
above it to mount a hinged plate, which will overlie, say, about one
half the top surface of the fuel and form a deflector for the ascending
flame and heated gases. Over the fire-basket I fit a case of iron so
constructed that its back will butt against the back wall of the fire-place,
while its front will overlie the bars of the grate. This case will be closed
in front by a sliding door to admit of the application of fuel to the fire,
and at its back it will be provided with a slide for the exit of the gases
of combustion to the chimney. In the top of the case is an opening
closed by a cover, the removal of which will quicken the draft and
facilitate the lighting of the fire. Within the case is a horizontal plate,
which is capable of adjustment, both vertically and horizontally, and is
intended to act as a deflector, and to form with the hinged plate, before-
mentioned, a zig-zag passage for the flames and gases of combustion.
A plate for covering or partially covering the bars of the fire-basket
may be hung upon the bars of the grate to serve as a blower for drawing
up the fire. In the basket I propose to use the metallic fuel described
in the Specification of my Patent dated April 1st, 1873, No. 1206, in
combination with coal or coke, which latter will be fed on to the top of
the metallic fuel from time to time by raising the sliding door in the
For ensuring the discharge into the apartment of the air heated
by circulating around the fire I may close the chimney to the apartment
and bring it into direct communication with the case by a flue com-
manded by a slide and by a trunk (fitted with a damper) for affording a
more direct communication with the chimney when required. This
arrangement will prevent the escape of the heated air directly to the
chimney, and it may be led away if desired to any part of the apartment.
case.
In constructing cooking stoves to secure a more perfect combustion of
the fuel I lead off the smoke and heated gases by means of a double
elbow pipe to a chamber below the fire-place, and cause the same to
pass again through the fire mingled with the air which enters to support
combustion. This chamber may also be fitted with fire-bars to receive
a fire, which will heat the air and the gases of combustion as they pass
into the fire-place. This fire-place will be fitted, like the case above
described, with a sliding door for the admission of fuel, and the pipe
leading to the chimney will be fitted like the trunk of the case with a

page_text: sliding damper for checking the upward current of the gases of com-
bustion and causing them to return to the fire-place. The chamber
below the fire-place may if desired be used as an oven, the viands being
suitably covered to protect them from the falling ashes.
The space above the fire-place may also be fitted as an oven, and the
top of the stove may be utilized for boiling, as is now commonly
practised. The advantage of this arrangement is that the fire will be
under complete control, and that an economy in the consumption of
the fuel will result therefrom.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Nicholas Demetrius Spartali in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NICHOLAS
DEMETRIUS SPARTALI, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Steam
Ship Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Nicholas Demetrius Spartali,
Her special licence that I, the said Nicholas Demetrius Spartali, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Nicholas Demetrius Spartali, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO FIRE-PLACES AND
COOKING STOVES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Nicholas Demetrius Spartali, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nicholas Demetrius Spartali, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say) :—
The object of this Invention is to economize the consumption of fuel
used for heating apartments, and also for cooking.
In carrying out the first part of my Invention, which relates to the
heating of apartments, I use the ordinary open grate, and place therein
a fire-basket of such dimensions as will admit of air circulating
around it.
To the grate and fire-basket I adapt means for deflecting the ascending 1
flames, and for regulating the discharge of the heated gases to the
chimney with the view of regulating the rate of combustion of the
fuel.
]
This part of my Invention is illustrated at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of
the accompanying Drawings; Fig. 1 being a front view of a fire-place 2
fitted with my improvements; Fig. 2, a vertical section of the same;
and Fig. 3, a sectional plan, taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is
a vertical section of a grate, showing my improvements in end view, the
same being adapted to a closed chimney or flue.
A, A, is the grate of any ordinary construction, and B a fire-basket set a
therein. The back of the basket is set at an incline, so as to contract
the area of fuel space at the bottom of the basket, and for the like
purpose the sides also may if desired be set inwards. The basket I
prefer to line with fire-clay, and immediately above it I mount a hinged
plate C, which overlies, say, about one half the top surface of the fuel,
and forms a deflector for the ascending flame and heated gases. Over
the fire-basket I fit a case of iron D, which is so constructed that its
back will butt against the back wall E of the fire-place, while its front
will overlie the bars of the grate. This case is closed in front by a
sliding door D', which when raised, as at Fig. 2, admits of the applica-
tion of fuel to the fire. The back of the case is provided with a slide D

page_text: for the exit of the gases of combustion to the chimney, which in this
example is the ordinary open chimney. In the top of the case is an
opening closed by a cover F, the removal of which will quicken the
draught and facilitate the lighting of the fire. Within the case D is a
horizontal plate G supported upon ribs or ledges attached to the opposite
sides of the case. This plate G is intended to act as a deflector, and to
form with the hinged plate C a zig-zag passage for the flames and gases
of combustion. To this end I provide for its vertical and horizontal
adjustment, making it free to slide on one or other of three sets of
ledges placed one above the other. A. plate for covering or partially
covering the bars of the fire-basket may be hung upon the bars of the
grate, as at H, Fig. 2, to serve as a blower for drawing up the fire. In
the basket I propose to use the metallic fuel described in the Speci-
fication of my Patent dated April First, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy three, No. 1206, in combination with coal or coke, which latter
will be fed on to the top of the metallic fuel from time to time by
raising the sliding door D² and pushing back the plate G.
For insuring the discharge into the apartment of the air heated by
circulating around the fire I close the chimney to the apartment and
bring it into direct communication with the case by a flue commanded
by a slide and by a trunk (fitted with a damper) for affording a more
direct communication with the chimney when required. This arrange-
ment is shewn at Fig. 4, where I is a trunk made of sheet iron, con-
nected with the case D at or about the position of the opening that is
closed by the screw F in Figures 1 and 2. This trunk is fitted with a
sliding damper I', which is shown in plan view at Fig. 4; K is a flue
connecting the case D at back with the chimney. This flue is com-
manded by the slide D²; L is a hollow hearth connecting with the under
side of the fire-grate by a broad passage L', through which a down
draught of heated air may pass to the apartment. By this arrangement
it will be understood that the escape of the heated air directly to the
chimney will be prevented, and thereby be caused to circulate through
the apartment.
In carrying out the second head of my Invention, which relates to
the construction of cooking stoves, so as to secure more perfect com-
bustion and a more economical application of the fuel than is at present
attained I adopt the arrangement shown in front elevation at Fig. 5,
and in vertical section at Fig. 6; M is a fire-box made of sheet iron, and

page_text: preferably of a rectangular form, fitted with a sliding door M' in front
and fire-bars M². Below this is a compartment N, which is similarly
fitted with fire-bars N¹; above the fire-box M is fitted a removable
combustion chamber O, which is closed at top by a removable cover P
provided with a flue pipe Q, which is fitted with a damper; R is a
double elbow pipe, which connects the combustion chamber with the
compartment N, and serves to lead off the smoke and heated gases from
the chamber O to the compartment N below the fire-place, and thereby
cause the same to pass again through the fire mingled with the air
which is drawn into the compartment N to support combustion in the
fire-chamber M. The compartment N is fitted with fire-bars to receive
a fire, which will heat the air and the gases of combustion as they enter
the compartment N. These fire-bars may be slidden out of place when
not required for use. The compartment N may be fitted like the
chamber M with a sliding door for the admission of fuel, and the pipe Q
leading to the chimney, by being fitted with a sliding damper, will permit
of the upward current of the gases of combustion being checked and
caused to return to the fire-place.
I would remark that the compartment N below the fire-place may if
desired be used as an oven, the viands being suitably covered to protect
them from the falling ashes. This adaptation is shewn in the elevation,
Fig. 7, which also shows that the chamber above the fire-place may also
be removed and the cover P fitted directly on to the fire-chamber. In
either arrangement the top of the stove may be utilized for boiling, as
is now commonly practised. If desired the fire-chamber M may be
constructed with a water jacket, constituting a boiler, which is to be
fitted with a supply pipe and draw-off tap.
The advantage of this arrangement of cooking stove is that the fire
will be under complete control, and that an economy in the consumption
of the fuel will consequently result therefrom.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of " Improvements
Applicable to Fire-places and Cooking Stoves," and explained the
manner of carrying the same inte effect, I wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim,―
First. The combination described with reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3
of the Drawings.

page_text: Secondly. In combination with the fire-basket B and case D the
arrangement described for closing the chimney and providing for the
ventilation of the fire.
Thirdly. The construction of cooking stove as described with reference
to Figures 5, 6, and 7 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nicholas Demetrius Spartali, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Eighth day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.