Improvements in or connected with Concentrating or Evaporating Vessels.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept.. 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Concentrating or Evaporating
Vessels.
We THOMAS GLOVER, Manufacturing Chemist, and JOHN BROCK, Director of
The United Alkali Company Limited both of G 11 Exchange Buildings, Liverpool
in the County of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
In the concentration by evaporation of many liquids, especially of such as
deposit saline, or other solid matter, during the evaporation, open vessels are used,
such as those known as pots, pans, or boat-pans and the steam or vapour produced
by the evaporation is allowed to pass into the atmosphere and is thus lost.
The object of this invention is to provide means for effecting the obtainment of
the otherwise waste steam or vapour for utilization for any purpose for which such
steam or vapour may be employed, for example for heating liquids, drying ovens
or the like.
The evaporating vessel which is employed according to this invention may be of
the usual form but is furnished at its upper edge or brim with a recess for containing
water or liquid so as to constitute a water-seal or lute into which fits the flange of
a steam-tight lid. The inner lip of the recess of the seal or lute should be lower
than the outer one so as to prevent the water or liquid from being forced out of the
seal or lute by the pressure of the steam or vapour generated within the vessel.
This seal or lute can be preserved during the working of the vessel by running the
liquid to be evaporated into the vessel through the said seal or lute and in order
that the liquid may flow freely through the seal or lute the flange of the lid can be
serrated.
The lid is furnished with an outlet through which the steam or vapour passes―
which outlet must be sufficiently large to permit the steam or vapour to escape
without causing a pressure within the vessel such as to force the water or liquid
out of the seal or lute. This outlet is also provided with a seal or lute at its upper
edge of a depth somewhat greater than the height to which it is desired to raise
the lid at any time. Into this seal or lute fits the fixed end of the pipe through
which the steam or vapour is conveyed to the place where it is to be utilised.
The inner lip of this seal or lute should be made lower than the outer lip so that
the water or liquid may not be forced out and also for the purpose of causing any
excess of water or liquid in the seal to overflow into the interior of the vessel.
For convenience of lifting the lid with its outlet pipe it can be suspended by
means of a chain or chains passing over a pulley to a crab or winch or by like
means. When the lid is lifted the outlet pipe telescopes over the fixed pipe thus
avoiding the breaking and remaking of a steamtight joint.
An evaporating vessel thus constructed is as readily accessible as an open vessel
for fishing out salts or for emptying, and offers the advantage of a closed vessel
for the obtainment for utilisation of the steam or vapour.
It is desirable to fit the vessel with a gauge-glass and a sampling tap so that the
height of the liquid in the vessel and the state of concentration may be readily
ascertained without lifting the lid.
Dated this 10th day of Sentember 1894.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Concentrating or Evaporating
Vessels.
We THOMAS GLOVER, Manufacturing Chemist, and JOHN BROCK, Director of
The United Alkali Company Limited, both of G 11 Exchange Buildings, Liverpool
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the concentration, by evaporation, of many liquids, especially of such as
deposit saline, or other solid matter during the evaporation, open vessels are used;
such as those known as pots, pans, or boat pans, and the steam or vapour produced
by the evaporation is allowed to pass into the atmosphere and is thus lost.
The object of this invention is to provide means for effecting the obtainment of
the otherwise waste steam, or vapour, for utilization for any purpose for which
such steam or vapour may be employed; for example, for heating liquids, drying
ovens, or the like.
In describing this invention we will refer to the accompanying drawing which
represents a concentrating or evaporating vessel provided with this invention,
Figure 1 being a vertical section and Figure 2 a plan.
The evaporating vessel which is employed according to this invention may be of
the usual form (for instance as shewn at A) but is furnished at its upper edge or
brim with a recess a for containing water or liquid, so as to constitute a water seal,
or lute, into which fits the flange 6 of a steam tight lid B. It is advisable to make
this seal as a separate piece and to fasten it to the evaporating vessel by bolts
passed through the flanges 62 or in other convenient manner. The inner lip a² of
the recess a of the seal or lute, should be lower than the outer one as shewn, so as
to prevent the water, or liquid, from being forced out of the seal or lute, by the
pressure of the steam or vapour generated within the vessel A, but more
particularly to enable the liquid to be evaporated to be fed through the seal and
to flow over the inner lip a² into the vessel. This seal or lute can be preserved
during the working of the vessel by thus running the liquid to be evaporated into
the vessel through the said seal or lute, and in order that the liquid may flow freely
through the seal or lute the flange 6 of the lid B can be serrated. C shews the
feed pipe for the liquor.
The lid B is furnished with an outlet D through which the steam or vapour
passes which outlet must be sufficiently large to permit the steam or vapour to
escape without causing a pressure within the vessel such as to force the water, or
liquid, out of the seal, or lute. This outlet D is also provided with a seal or lute
(formed by the two pipes dd2) of a depth somewhat greater than the height to
which it is desired to raise the lid B at any time. Into this seal or lute fits the
fixed end of the pipe E through which the steam, or vapour is conveyed to the
place where it is to be utilized. The inner lip (formed by the inner tube d) of this
seal or lute should be made lower that the outer lip so that the water or liquid may
not be forced out and also for the purpose of causing any excess of water, or
liquid, in the seal to flow over the inner lip into the interior of the vessel.
For convenience of lifting the lid B with its outlet pipe it can be suspended by
means of a chain or chains, as at f, passing over a pulley or pulleys as at f' to a
crab or winch or by like means. When the lid B is lifted the pipes d d and E
telescope thus avoiding the breaking and remaking of a steam tight joint.
Au evaporating vessel thus constructed is as readily accessible as is an open
vessel for fishing out salts, or for emptying, and offers the advantage of a closed
vessel for the obtainment for utilization of the steam or vapour.

page_text: The vessel A may be provided with a gauge glass and a sampling tap so that
the height of the liquid in the vessel and the state of concentration may be readily
ascertained without lifting the lid, or instead we may secure a pipe G to the
moveable lid B which pipe G reaches to the lowest point within the vessel A to
which the surface of the liquid in the said vessel may descend by evaporation.
Should the level of the liquid descend too low so as to leave the lower end of this
pipe G uncovered, the steam or vapour issuing from the said pipe G will indicate
the necessity for feeding the vessel with fresh liquor. The diameter of the said
pipe G may be sufficient to allow of samples of the liquor being drawn
therethrough.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
A concentrating and evaporating vessel provided with a moveable lid seated in a
hydraulic seal on the vessel, the said lid being provided with an outlet also
furnished with a hydraulic seal substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
Dated thie 8th dow T
1005
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.