Improvements in Steam Boiler Furnaces or Flues.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Steam Boiler Furnaces or Flues.
We, GEORGE COOPER, Assistant Engineer, and SAMSON Fox, Engineer and Iron-
master, both of the Leeds Forge, Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in steam boiler furnaces or flues
of the corrugated type and has for object to so construct them, that whilst they shall
be capable of being manufactured by the ordinary processes, they shall offer greater
resistance to collapse and afford a larger area of heating surface than has heretofore
been usual in furnaces or flues of this type.
For this purpose we combine in one flue corrugations of any ordinary kind,
such as the "Fox" suspension or "barrel" corrugation, and hollow ridges or
projections of approximately V-form in section, which may project from the fire-
side or from the water-side of the furnace or flue or some may project from one
side and others from the reverse side as may be desired. The V-shaped ridges
or projections may be made deeper than the curved ones or corrugations or they
may be of the same depth as the latter.
In one arrangement outwardly extending hollow V-shaped ridges or projections
are combined wih corrugations of say the "Fox" type. The V-shaped ridges or
projections and the curved corrugations may be arranged alternately or otherwise
as may be desired.
In another arrangement we combine in a furnace or flue pairs of V-shaped ridges
or projections connected by doubly curved or corrugated parts, the V-shaped ridges
or projections of each pair being arranged side by side and so as to project in
opposite directions, the section being consequently composed of N or double vee
parts connected by --shaped parts. The apices of the V-shaped ridges or
projections are in each case rounded.
The wall of a furnace or flue according to this invention may be of the same
thickness throughout, thereby allowing it to be rolled from a cylindrical tube in
a corrugating mill having suitably turned rolls. The ends of the flue may be
made of any known or suitable shape to suit requirement. Where the V-shaped
ridges or projections project into the flue they, if of greater depth than the corruga-
tions, form a series of baffles which act to abstract heat from the flame and gases,
and so effect economy of fuel.

page_text: We, GEORGE COOPER, Assistant Engineer, and SAMSON Fox, Engineer and Iron-
master, both of the Leeds Forge, Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to improvements in steam boiler furnaces or flues
of the corrugated type and has for object to so construct them, that whilst they shall
be capable of being easily manufactured by the ordinary processes, they shall offer
greater reisistance to collapse and afford a larger area of heating surface than has
heretofore been usual in furnaces or flues of this type.
For this purpose we combine in one flue as hereinafter described and illustrated
corrugations of ordinary kind, such as the "Fox," "suspension," or "barrel"
corrugations, and hollow ridges or projections of approximately V-form in section
(hereinafter for brevity called V-shaped), which have rounded apices and may
project from the fire-side or from the water-side of the furnace or flue; or some
may project from one side and others from the reverse side, as may be desired.
The V-shaped ridges or projections may be made deeper than the corrugations of
other kind or they may be of the same depth as the latter, as will be readily
understood from examples hereinafter described and illustrated.
In the accompanying illustrative drawings A, A, are V-shaped hollow ridges
or projections such as above referred to arranged to project outwardly (i.e. into
the water space of the boiler); A' A V-shaped hallow ridges or projections
arranged to project inwardly (i.e. into the flue or furnace space); B, B, corruga-
tions of the "Fox" kind (see the Specification of Fox's Patent No. 1097 of 1877).
B B making up or joining curves, resembling portions of Fox corrugations.
CC corrugations of the "suspension" kind (see the Specification of Morison's
Patent No. 4806 of 1890) and D, D, corrugations of the "barrel" kind (see the
Specifications of Hopkinson's l'atent No. 2209 of 1883 and No. 2683 of 1885),
Findicates flue or furnace (i.e. "fire") space, and W indicates water space of
boiler.
Fig. 1 illustrates a section of furnace or flue wall, in which corrugations B of
the "Fox kind are combined with V-shaped hollow ridges or projections A
arranged to project into the water space W of the boiler.
Fig. 2 shows in longitudinal section a portion of flue or furnace wall in which
corrugations B of the Fox" kind are combined with V-shaped hollow ridges or
projections A arranged to project into the flue or furnace space F.
Fig. 3 is a similar view, showing a portion of furnace or flue wall, in which
V-shaped hollow ridges or projections A arranged to project into the water space W
and other V-shaped hollow ridges or projections A¹ arranged to project into the
flue or furnace space F are combined in an alternate manner with intervening
corrugations B of the "Fox" kind, whereby the inwardly projecting V-shaped
ridges or projections A¹ are connected to those (A) that project outwardly (i.e., into
the water space W).
Fig. 4 is a similar view, showing part of a furnace or flue wall wherein thero
are combined with corrugations B of the Fox kind juxtaposed inwardly and
outwardly projecting V-shaped ridges or projections A A (the two, namely, one
of each kind, constituting a pair) so arranged that the one V-shaped ridge or
projection A of each pair projects inward and the other (A) outward. The
V-shaped ridges are shewn the same depth as the Fox corrugations but might be
deeper.

page_text: Any convenient number of such pairs of V-shaped ridges or projections A A¹
may be combined with any convenient number of corrugations whether of the Fox
kind as illustrated in Fig. 4 or of the "suspension" kind or of the "barrel" kind.
Fig. 5 shows in longitudinal section part of a flue or furnace wall in which
V-shaped ridges or projections A not in pairs are combined with! Fox corruga-
tions B and the V-shaped ridges or projections A are of the same depth as and
consequently project into the water space W to the same extent as the Fox
corrugations B with which they are combined.
Fig. 6 shows in longitudinal section part of a flue or furnace wall wherein
between two outwardly projecting V-shaped ridges or projections A there are
arranged a set of Fox corrugations B comprising two outwardly and three in-
wardly projecting corrugations the V-shaped ridges A being of greater depth and
projecting further outward than the Fox corrugations.
Fig. 7 illustrates a modification wherein outwardly projecting V-shaped ridges
or projections A, arranged to form a pair (the two that constitute a pair being
connected by a connecting curve B¹ resembling a portion of a Fox corrugation)
are combined with Fox corrugations B, than which the V-shaped ridges or pro-
jections are of greater depth so that they project into the water space W further
than do the Fox corrugations.
Figs. 8 to 12 inclusive represent longitudinal sections of portions of flue or
furnace walls wherein V-shaped ridges, or projections are combined according to
this invention with corrugations of the suspension kind.
In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 8 and to a smaller scale in Fig. 9, out-
wardly projecting V-shaped ridges or projections A are connected by making up
or joining curves B' with corrugations C of the "suspension" kind.
Fig. 10 illustrates a construction of flue or furnace wall wherein inwardly
projecting V-shaped ridges, or projections A¹ alternate with corrugations C of
the "suspension" kind.
Fig. 11 illustrates a construction of flue or furnace wall wherein there are both
outwardly and inwardly projecting ridges or projections A and A¹ and corrugations
of "suspension" kind C, connected by making up or joining curves B₁ to the
outwardly projecting V-shaped ridges or projections A and directly to the inwardly
projecting V-shaped ridges or projections A¹.
Fig. 11 illustrates a construction in which juxtaposed inwardly and outwardly
arranged V-shaped ridges or projections A and A are combined with corrugations
of the "suspension" kind C.
Fig. 12 iustrates a construction in which outwardly projecting V-shaped ridges
or projections A are connected by making up or joining curves B¹ with corruga-
tions of the "suspension" kind C, of the same depth as the V-shaped ridges or
projections A.
Figs. 13 to 17 inclusive represent longitudinal sections of portions of flue or
furnace wall wherein V-shaped ridges or projections are combined according to
this invention with corrugations of the barrel kind.
In the construction illustrated by Fig. 13 and to a smaller scale by Fig. 14 the
V-shaped outwardly projecting ridges or projections A are connected by making
up or joining curves B' with corrugations of the barrel kind D.
Fig. 15 illustrates a construction combining inwardly projecting V-shaped ridges
or projections A' with corrugations of barrel kind D.
Fig. 16 shows in longitudinal section a portion of a flue or furnace wall wherein
both inwardly projecting and outwardly projecting V-shaped ridges or projec-
tions A¹ A are combined with corrugations of the barrel kind D, the outwardly
projecting ridges A being connected to the barrel corrugations by making up or
joining curves B¹.
Fig. 16 illustrates a construction wherein juxtaposed inwardly and outwardly
arianged V-shaped ridges or projections A' and A are combined with corrugations
of the barrel kind D.

page_text: Fig. 17 is a similar view showing a portion of a flue or furnace wall wherein
outwardly projecting V-shaped ridges or projections A and corrugations of the
"barrel" kind D of the same depth are connected by making up or joining
curves B¹.
Although we have illustrated only constructions in which V-shaped ridges or
projections have combined with 'them corrugations either of the Fox or the
suspension or the barrel kind it is to be understood that as will be evident we may
construct according to our invention furnaces or flues in which V-shaped ridges or
projections such as referred to arranged to project either outwardly or inwardly
or both are combined with corrugations of two or more of the different forms of
ordinary kind hereinabove referred to, as also that various forms of flues or furnaces
may be constructed in which V-shaped ridges or projections whether projecting
inwardly or outwardly or both are combined with corrugations of either of the
ordinary kinds we have herein above referred to.
The wall of a furnace or flue according to this invention may be of the same
thickness throughout, thereby allowing it to be rolled from a cylindrical tube in
a corrugating mill having suitably turned rolls. The ends of the flue may be
made of any known or suitable shape to suit requirement. Where the V-shaped
ridges or projections project into the flue, they. if of greater depth than the
corrugations, form a series of baffles which act to abstract heat from the flame and
gases, and so effect economy of fuel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. Constructing steam boiler furnaces or flues with walls having corrugations
substantially such as described in combination with V-shaped ridges or projections
as set forth.
2. The combination in a steam boiler furnace or flue wall of corrugations of the
kinds hereinabove respectively referred to as V-shaped hollow ridges or projections
and corrugations of the Fox kind substantially as herein above described with
reference to the several examples illustrated respectively in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3,
Fig. 4. Fig. 5, Fig. 6, and Fig. 7, of the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination in a steam boiler furnace or flue wall of corrugations of the
kinds hereinabove respectively referred to as V-shaped hollow ridges or projections
and corrugations of the "suspension" kind substantially as hereinabove described
with reference to the several examples illustrated respectively in Figs. 8 and 9,
Fig. 10. Fig. 11, Fig. 11, and Fig. 12 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination in a steam boiler furnace or flue wall of corrugations of the
kinds hereinabove respectively referred to as V-shaped hollow ridges or proiections
and corrugations of the "barrel" kind substantially as hereinabove described with
reference to the several examples illustrated respectively in Figs. 13 and 14, Fig. 15,
Fig. 16, Fig. 16, and Fig. 17 of the accompanying drawings.
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