Improvements in the Construction of Bolts, Looks, Latohes, Fastenings, and Stays for Casements, Sashes, Windows, Doors, and other analogous Structures.
Year: 1894

page_text: 4
Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left; 2nd July, 1895, Accepted, 2nd Oct.,
1895,.
Improvements in the Construction of Bolts, Looks, Latohes,
Fastenings, and Stays for Casements, Sashes, Windows, Doors,
and other analogous Structures.
I, ARTHUR WILLIAM ADAMS, of 23 Friern Road, East Dulwich, London S.E.,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows :-
..
:-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in the construction, of bolts
locks, latches, fastenings and staye, for, cascimenta, sashes, windows, doors, and
other analogous structures; some parts of my invention being specially, but not
exclusively, applicable for use in combination with my improved metallic and
other windows and frames, described in my Specification dated 4th, January 1894,
No. 255.
My improved locks consist, of cases of suitable form for fixing to the face of
the work, either flatways or edgwise, or for letting in flush, or in mortices with
enclosed gear for raising and lowering, or extending and withdrawing, single or
double bolts; the bolts being actuated by handles, keys, leyers, racks, pinions,
and slids, or equivalent devices. The locks are sometimes fitted with a third bolt,
operating at right angles to the side of the lock, which can be shot simultaneously
with the other holt or bolts. The bolts are combined with tumblers or levers,'
and auxiliary levers weights or springs, inside the lock, in such a manner as to
automatically render the same perfectly secure, simultaneously with the shooting
of the bolts, and incapable, of being improperly operated from the inside or outside.
The locks are sometimes fitted with keys and locking appliances for additional
security, whereby the projected bolts are, locked in position. When fitted to
oasements or French windows, a grip or bow handle is sometimes attached" or
combined with the lock for shutting, or opening the casement, and a movable tail
piece is pivoted to the handle or the case, the tail piece being connected with a
lever which enters the lock, whereby the mechanism is operated.
In adapting my improved locks' to "panic doors," I fit the same with automatic
locking mechanism, whereby the same can be released Trom the outside by means
of a key inserted in the lock, as required, but the bolts, attached to the doors cap
be instantaneously released by means of a. lever, attached to the lock. This lever
is so fitted, in connection with convenient handles, bars, or rods, or equivalent
appliances, that, on a panic occuring in any building, the pressure of the hand
inimediately releases the bolts and allows the doors to open.
A press bar is made sympathetic in its entire length, by connecting the same to
levers fixed to another bar, revolving in suitable bearings, and automatically held
back by means of a clutch or cam working in a slot, and released by pressing &
button.
T
"My improvements in casement stays and fastenings consist in the adaptation
thereto of a new form of bolt, suitably guided in cylindrical or other guides, and
fitted with springs, when and where necessary. Levers attached to rotating bars are
fitted, having suitable handles for actuating the same in any suitable position. The
racks, into which the star bolts engage, may be fixed and curved, or straight and
hinged, as preferred: The stays may also have guides or fittings, traversing or
fixed' guide bars of round or any other convenient sectional form, plain or
serrated, and gripped by set screws or eccentric or cam action, actuated by

page_text: the hand, gravity, or springs, with an auxiliary shoot or catch for securing the
casement when closed. A link for accommodating the radius may be attached to
the guide and casement.
Another form may consist of a folding stay with a quadrant attached, secured by
an eccentric, pine, set screws, or any other fastening, engaging on a plain or serrated
surface or edge, or into holes or teeth in the edge or other surface.
Dated 2nd October 1894.
'
Improvements in the Construction of Bolts, Locks, Latches,
Fastenings, and Stays for Casements, Sashes, Windows, Doors,
and other analogous Structures.
1.1
I, ARTHUR WILLIAM ADAMS, of 23 Friern Road, East Dulwich, London, S.E.,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed,, to be particularly described and ascertained in and hy
the following statement -
14.
2
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in the construction of bolts,
locks, latches, fastenings and stays, for casements, sashes, windows, doors, and other
analogous structures; some parts of my invention being specially, but not
exclusively, applicable for use in combination with my inproved metallic and
other windows and frames described in my Specification dated 4th January 1894,
No. 255.
My improved locks consist of cases of suitable form for fixing to the face of the
work, either flatways, or edgwise, ur for letting in flush, or in mortices, with
enclosed gear for raising and lowering, or extending and withdrawing single or
double bolts; the bolts being actuated by handles, keys, levers, racks, pinious, and
slides, or equivalent devices. The locks are sometimes fitted with a third bolt,
operating at right angles to the side of the lock, which can be shot simultaneously,
with the other bolt or bolts. The bolts are combined with tumblers or levers, and
auxiliary levers weights or springs, inside the lock, in such a manner as to
automatically render the same perfectly secure, simultaneously with the shooting of
the bolts, and incapable of being improperly operated from the inside or outside.
The locks are sometimes fitted with keys and locking appliances for additional
security, whereby the projected bolts are locked in position.
"
When fitted to casements or French windows, a grip or bow handle is sometimes
attached or combined with the lock for shutting or opening the casement, and a
movable tail piece is pivoted to the handle or the case, the tail piece being connected
with a lever which enters the lock, whereby the mechanism.is operated.
In adapting my improved locks to "panic doors," I fit the same with automatic
locking mechanism, whereby the same can be released from the outside by means of
a key inserted in the lock, as required, but the bolts attached to the door cau be
instantaneously released by means of a lever attached to the lock. This lever is
so fitted, in connection with convenient handles, bars, or rods, or equivalent
appliances, that on a panic occurring in any building, the pressure of the hand
immediately releases the bolts and allows the doors to open.
וי
A press bar is made to operate synchronously in its entire length, by connecting
the same to levers fixed to another bar, revolving in suitable bearings, and
automatically held back by means of a clutch or cam working in a slot, and released
by working a button.
-

page_text: My improvements in casement-stays and fastenings consist in the adaptation
thereto of a new form of bolt, suitably guided in cylindrical or other guides, and
fitted with springs, when and where necessary. Levers attached to rotating bars
are fitted, having suitable handles for actuating the same in any suitable position.
The racks, into which the stay-bolts engage, may be fixed, aud curved, or straight
and hinged, as proferred. The stays may also have guides or fittings, traversing
or fixed guide-bars of round or any other convenient sectional form, plain or
serrated and gripped by set screws or eccentric or cam action, actuated by the
band, gravity, or springs, with an auxiliary shoot or catch, for securing the casement
when closed. A link for accommodating the radius may be attached to the guide
and casement.
Another form may consist of a folding stay with a quadrant attached, secured
by an eccentric, pins, set screws, or any other fastening, ungaging on a plain or
serrated surface or edge, or into holes or teeth in the edge or other surface.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and
ascertained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which
similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts.
1.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, without the cover plate, of one of my improved locks,
adaptable for panic and other doors, windows, or casements, showing the internal
automatic locking mechanism of the bolt and lock, with the bolts projected.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the same, illustrating the action of the levers 62
and 63.
t
Fig. 3 is an internal view of the same lock, with the bolts withdrawn and some
of the weighted tumblers and looking levers removed.
50 is the top bolt. The socket 50 of the bolt 50 is formed in one with the
sliding plate 51, 52 is the lower bolt, the socket 52* being formed in one with the
sliding plate 53. 58 is a handle attached to a spindle 57, carrying followers 56,
working in pockets 54, forming parts of the plates.51 and 53. The pin 55 may
be fitted with a handle of the form shown by solid lines at 62, or with a shorter
handle 63, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The handles are moved for
unfastening in the direction of the arrows. Inside the lock a 'set of dead-weight
tumblers 61 is fitted, pivoted at 68; also a set of lever looking tumblers 66.
pivoted at 83; the pivots 68 and 83 are attached to the plate 51. One or more
of the lever-locking tumblers 66 is or are formed as shown by solid lines in Fig. 1,
with shoulders 67 and 69. The lowest lever of the series (66ª Fig. 3) is formed
without the locking shoulder 69. For greater security a block 85 is attached to
the case of the lock, as shewn in Fig. 1, against which the lever locking
tumblers 66 engage, if operated by an improper key. The tumblera 61 act as
substitutes for springe to the levers 66, by means of their short levers 74 pressing
the upper ends of the lever locking tumblers 66. When the plate 51, with its
appendages, is rising, the shoulder 67 comes into contact with the projection 78,
whereby the raised block 73, attached to the lever locking tumbler 66°, is lifted to
the position shown in Fig 1, and the shoulder 69 at the same time comes into
contact with the fixed block 70, whereby the bolts are secured against being turned
by the handle from the outside. When the key 59 is inserted in the .key-hole 60
for unlocking, it operates against the upper curved portions of the lever-locking
tumblers 66, and frees the shoulder 69 from contact with the stationary block or
stud 70; or the same effect may be produced by the action of either of the
levers 62, 63 or 64. 77 is a small guard formed in ong with the plate 51, which,
by protecting the false or bottom lever tumbler 66", prevents the use of a false key
in unlocking the device. The superincumbent lever tumblers are modified in. form
to correspond with the steps of the key, as shown by full lines in Fig. 1. The
curved tails to the upper parts of the lever 66 serve to throw back the key nfter
unlocking. The number of tumblers of both kinds may be varied; the number
of dead-weight tumblers 61 coinciding with the total number of the lever locking
tumblers 66 and 66".
When a handle 62 or 63 (Fig. 2) is moved in the direction of the arrow, the

page_text: lever 71'engages in the socket 72, forming part of the plate 51. The lever 71
presses'downwards the raised block 78, formed in one with the lowest or false lever
tumbler 66 (shown in Fig. 3). This movement releases the shuilder 69 simul-
tähedusly from the fixed block 70, and throws back the weighted tumblers 61:
The plate 51, with the bolt 50, then descends. The positib of the double-ended
lever 56 is thereby reversed, at the same time raising the bolt 52, and releasing
the fastenings of the door or other article or structure.
A third bolt is sometimes fitted to the lock; as 'hereinafter described in reference
to Fig. 6, or 'may use the lock shown in Fig.43, as an 'independent lock for the
purpose of affording additional security.
When it is desired to open the door from the opposite side, a key 59 is inserted
in the key-bóle 60 and turned; the wards of the key fit the upper ends of the lever
tumblers 66, whereby the shoulder 69 is removed from the block 70. The
haudle 68 may then be turned by hand, thus lowering the bolt 50 & raising the
bolt 32 simultaneously. If a false key is inserted which throws the upper ends
of the lever tumblers 06 too far, their lower ends engage the fixed block 85, whereby.
the bolts 50 and 52 are prevented from being withdrawn.
When the door is locked, the word " Locked," shown in Fig. 1, is visible
through an aperture 75 formed in the 'cover plate 76, or it may be otherwise
indicated.
When using my invention in connection with what are known as panic doors,
levers 64 are fitted to the door frame, in any convenient position (as at 65) hut so:
that a rod or press bar 110 fitted to the eyes of the levers 64, shall be in contact,
or nearly so, with the lever 63. On pressure being applied to the bar, in the
direction of the door, the lever 63 is operated thereby, as above described, and the
door is immediately unfastened, as shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 illustrates a modification of my improved lock for doors, windows, and the
like in which the combined weighted lever tumblers 61 are varied in form.
These tumblers are pivoted at 68, the pivot being attached to the plate ȧl.
70 is
a stationary block, integral with the case or box, and passing through a slot in the
plate 51. 79 is a slot formed in the uppermost of the combined weighted lever
tumblers 61, baving a shoulder at 80, for locking the bolts when in the position
shown in Fig. 4. The lower or false tumbler 1 has a straight slot, as indicated
(partly) by a dotted line. 81 is a projection attached to the lower or false tumbler
for actuating the upper series simultaneously by the action of the lever 71, or by
the key inserted in the key-hole 60. 77 is the guard attached to the plate 51, to
protect the lower, or false, lever tumbler. The shoulder 78 assists the process of
locking by throwing up the projection S1 and allowing the shoulder 80 to engage
with the stationary pin, 70, as will be understood from Fig. 4.
In Figs: 5 and 6 another arrangement of tuniblers is shown, Fig. 5 being au
elevation and Fig. 6 a view at right angles to Fig. 5. 61 represents a set of
weighted tumblers, and 82 the locking tumblers, pivoted at 83. The unlocking
may be effected by the lever 71, operating upon the three-armed lever tumblers 82,
which operate upon the weighted tumblers 61. 84 is a lever which operates to
unlock by means of the key operating upon and raising the slide. 90 is a third
bolt which is driven by a pin 91 attached to the plate 51. Fig. 6ª illustrates a
simple modification of the lock. The follbwer 56 is fitted so as to operate the
bolts; as before described. The lower plate 53 consists of a frame, and a lock is
fitted to the back plate, the bolt of which may be shot through the side frame.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate methods of preventing the withdrawal of the bolts by
placing the levers or followers 56 in such a position that the contact of the plates 51
and 53 with the followers 50 has no tendency to cause the followers 56 to revolve
upon the centre 57.
Fig. 9 is an elevation, without the cover plate, showing the mechanism of another
modification of my improved louke, having a spring 93 instead of the weighted
tumblers, the bolts being projected for locking.
Fig. 10 is similar view of the same lock, showing the position of the

page_text: inechanism when unlocked, and 'Fig. 11 is a side view illustrating the action of
tlie lever 63:
70 is a stationary block or stud attached to the back plate of the lock. 86 is a
lever pivoted at 68: 60 is the keyhole in a plate 88. '89 is a snug or projection
attached to the slipper plate, for limiting the movement of the lever 86 by contáct
with the arm 86°.
} .
In the position of the mechanism shown in Fig: 9, the lower end of the lever 87
is resting upon the stud 70, whereby the mechanism is securely lucked. On
inserting the key and turning it to the left, the lower end of the lever 87 is moved
away from the snug 70, and the bolt is released:
Handles of various patterns may be fitted to the locks, differing from.thośb
shown; in some cases by passing the spindle through the followers either on one
or both sides of the lock; or by operating the escapement device on one or both
sides, or dispensing with the handles entirely and using only a key, which may be
inserted in one or both sides, 'as found most convenient to suit structural
arratigements.
Any of the actions may have a third bolt added thereto, connected with the
follower, or operated by a diagonal slot, as shown in Fig. 6'; or operated by any
other suitable means.
Figs. 12 to 19 illustrate various means for holding back the panic door levers 64;
when it becomes necessary to have the doors kept unlocked.
In Fig. 12 the lever 64, pivoted at 65, is raised by means of a lever 94, pivoted
at 95 and fitted with a trigger 96, which sustains the lover 64 by its contact with
the spur 97, formed in one with the lever 64. The lever 64 is allowed to fall by
pressing the button 98, attached to the lever 94.
In Fig. 13 the ring-handled lever 99 is pivoted at 100 to the spur 97. of the
lever 64. On raising the ring end of 99, the end 99 falls through the hole 101
in the lock plate, thereby letting down the lever 6·1.
In Fig. 14 a ring-handled lever 99 is pivoted at 100 to the bracket. plate.
102 is a three-armed lever, one arm. carrying a weight 103, the other two arms
eugaging the spur 97 and the lever 90 as shown. On pulling the ring 99 the
woighted end 103 is lifted and the lever 64 falls.
In Fig. 15 the spur 97 projects through the bracket plate. 99 is a lever pivoted
to the plate at 100. 98 is a button screwed to the lever 99, the screw passing
through a hole in the bracket plate. On pressing the button 98, the lever 99 ceases
its contact with the spur 97, and allows the lever 64 to fall.
Fig. 16 is a sectional elevation and Fig. 17 a back view. The spur 97 is slotted
at 104. The lever 99 is pivoted at 100, having a button 98, the stem of which
passes through a hole in the plate. On pressing the button 98, the trigger 99
passes into the slot 104 and allows the lever 64 to fall.
Fig. 18 is a front elevation and Fig. 9 a side view, in which the axle 65 is
shown fitted with double ended spurs 106, 106. The axle 65 works in brackets 107,
which may be fixed to the side of the lock or to the door. 108 is a trigger pivoted
at 109 to one of the brackets 107. 110 is the press bar which is common to all
these devices for opening panic doors. The lovers 64 with the press bar attached
thereto, may be held in the "open" position by the trigger 108, and the "locked "
position may be resumed by lifting the trigger and letting the levors and press
bar fall away from the door.
In Fig. 20 the method of fitting the press bar 110 to folding doors is shown.
The press bar is divided at 111, which enables the leaf 112 of the door to open
first, leaving the leaf 113 to follow. The roller 114 runs upon the curved surface
of the joint, as-shown.
Fig. 21 illustrates a modification of the locks above described. The lower
spindle 115 is sometimes carried through the door and fitted with a handle both
inside and outside, and the upper spindle 116 is fitted with a handle on the inside
only, for the purpose of locking. The locking is effected by means of the
tumbler 117 pivoted at 118. When the follower 119. fitted to the spindle 116 is.in

page_text: the position shown in Fig. 21, the lower end 119" presses the tumbler 117 against
the stop 120, whereby the lock is fast, and the spindle 115 cannot be turned. Ou
turning the spindle 116-and follower 119 in the direction of the arrow, the tumbler
is released from the stop 120, and the bolts 50 and 52 can be withdrawn.
Figs. 22 to 26 illustrate the adaptation of my improved lock to iny patent
metallic sashes and frames described in No. 255", and to other sashes, frames, and
doors. In Figs. 22 and 23 the mechanisin is shown in the position assumed when
the bolts 50 and 52 are withdrawn to the position of "unlocked"; Fig. 22 being
an external elevation of the lock complete, and Fig. 23 showing the same with the
cover plate removed. 121 is a double-ended rocking tumbler, pivoted at 122.
The tumbler is fitted with a spring 123 and has two slots 124 to receive the
snugs 125 attaclied to the plates 51 and 53. When the bolts are fastened, the
tumbler assumes the position shown in Fig. 24, the snugs 125 being then locked in
the right angled ends of the slots 124. 126 is a fixed handle, and 127 is a lever
handle pivoted at 128 to the fixed handle. The lever 129 works in the parallel
flanges of the slipping plate 130 and causes the stud 131 to glide against the
inclined edge 132 of the rocking tumbler 121 and thereby press it back. By
grasping the handle 126 and lever 127 in the hand, the two bolts 50 and 52 are
simultaneously projected, as shown in Figs. 24 and 25. In Fig. 25 the racks and
pinion are shown, (the tumbler being removed) for operating the bolts simul-
taneously.
Figs. 27 to 45 (excepting Fig. 43) are views and details showing the application
of my improved stays to casements ventilators and other analogous structures.
Fig. 27 is an elevation and Fig. 28 a plan of one modification of my improved
casement stays. 52 represents the lower end of the bolt of my improved locks
herein before described and so numbered in the drawings. This bolt is guided in a
bracket 133 attached to the casement bar 134. 135 is a sliding nut formed with
flanges to receive the ends of the forked lever 136. 137 is a collar pinned to the
bolt 52. 138 is a square bar pivoted to brackets 139, 140, both fixed to the
casement bar 134; the bracket 139 being fixed under the lock, and the bracket 140
being fixed at or near the centre of the lower bar of the casement. 144 is a spring
bearing against the upper bracket 133 and the sliding nut 135. 141 is a lever,
fast on the bar 138, which lever is connected with a bolt 143. The two bolta 52
and 143 thus receive simultaneous movements by means of the bar 138 and
levers 136 and 141. 142 is the bracket which receives the end of the bolt 52.
145 is a quadrantal or segmental stay bar having holes at suitable distances apart,
into which the bolt 143 drops when in position.
In working this device; if the casement is closed and fastened, the operator
grasps the handles 126 and 127 (Figs. 22 to 26). This raises the bolt 52 out of
the bracket 142, unfastening the casement, which may then be opened to the
required extent. When the bolt 143 finds a hole in the quadrant, it drops there-
into, aided by the spring 144, and thus secures the casement. This arrangement
may be adapted to casements fitted with other kinds of locks, or independently of
Buch other fittings.
Fig. 29 is an elevation, and Figs. 30 and 44 are plans of another modification of
my improved casement fittings. 146 is an arm attached to a fixed pivot at 147, the
other end of the arın 146 being pivoted at 148 to an arm 149, the latter being
pivoted at 152 to the casement frame 184. The arm 149 carries & segmental
frame 150. 151 is an eccentric lever clip whereby the angles of the arms 146
and 149 with cach other, and consequently, the position of the casement 134, can
be securely fixed. When the fanlight is closed the levers assume the position
shown in Figs. 29 and 30. In Figs. 31 and 32 a segmental toothed rack 153 is
shown, which may be used instead of the plain frame 150, and with either internal
or external, square, serrated, or other notches; methods of engaging such notohes
being shown in Figs. 32, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40, which will be readily understood
from the drawings. In Fig. 32 the bar 154 is, shown fitted with a collar 170
carrying an arm 169, fitted with a pivoted pawl 168 and trigger 171, whereby the

page_text: .
relative positions of the rod 154 and rack 153 are adjusted! 173 is a latch which
engages a snug 172 on the ring 172, when the casement is closed.
a
Fig. 33 is a side view and. Fig. 34 an end view, partly in section, showing.
method of gripping circular stay rods 154 by means of an eccentric. lever 166.
174 is a pin for keeping the stay in position when the casement is closed.
T
Fig. 35 illustrates another method of monnting the eccentric lever 166, the
Jug 175 being used to fasten the easement by engaging the projection 176...
".
Fig. 41 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 42 a horizontal section, illustrating
another method of linking and governing the positions of the arms or levers and
casement. 147 is the fixed pivot to which the arm 146 is pivoted. The arms 146
aud 149 are pivoted together at 148, 155 is a toothed head to the arm 149, 134 is
a portion of the ensement bar. 156 is a tube fitted to the casement bar, as shown.
157 is a sliding cylinder constantly pressed in one direction against. the pivoted.
trigger 158 by the spring 159. 160 is a piston or plinger connected by means of
the screw 161 with the thumb piece 162. This thumb piece is square in external
section, as shown in Fig. 414, whereby it is prevented from turning round after
adjustment, while it is capable of sliding longitudinally in the collar 163.
In fixing
this arrangement, the thumb piece is turned upon the screw until the collar or
flange 167 is flush with the face of the casement bar 134, and the plunger 160 is in
contact with the trigger. The flange 167 is then secured in position by means of
screws; by which arrangement the device can be adjusted to suit the thickness of
the bar 134. On pressing the thumb piece inwards the trigger 158 is disengaged
from the toothed head 155; the casement may then be opened to any extent, and,.
on letting go of the thumb piece, the spring piston causes the trigger to engage-
another tooth, and thus set the casement.
Fig. 45 illustrates a modification, in which the arm 146, pivoted to the fixed
centre 117 and to a sliding clip 165, traversing a rod 154, fitted to the casement.134,
is used to stay the casement in any position. A socket at 164, or other fastening
may be used to fasten the casement, when closed.
Referring to my improved latch illustrated by Fig. 43:-The box 177 is fitted
with 3 studs, at 178, 179 and 180. The catch bolt 181 is pivoted to the stud, 178,
and the catch bolt 181 is itself fitted with two studs 182, 183. 184 is a lever
pivoted to the stud 182, and having a fulcrum upon the fixed pin 179. One, two,
or more tumblers, 185 is or are pivoted to the pin 182, resting upon the pin 179 to
form a fulcrum and having tails 185,. resting, normally, against the pin 180.
186 is an ordinary lever or follower, operated by a handle, and. 187. is a key-hole,
provided for opening the latch from the outside by means of a key formed to more.
the tails of the tumblers 185°. On turning the handle 186, or operating the
tumblers 185 by means of a key: the lever 184 and tumblers 185 (using the
pin 179 as a fulcrum) lift the pin 182 and catch bolt 181 to the position shown by
dotted lines, whereby the latch is unfastened. 188 is a spring attached to the
upper tumbler 185 and pressing upon the stud 183 to close the latch. 189 is a
snug which limits the lifting action of the tumblers and catch bolt.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art, that the relative positions of the
last mentioned casement attachments may be transposed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in the construction of bolts, locks, latches, fastenings, and
stays, for casements, sashes, windows, doors, and other analogous structures,
substantially as and for the purposes described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The improved locks, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as and
for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the
drawings.
3. The improved lock, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as

page_text: and for the purposes horein before described and illustrated by Fig. 4 of the,
drawings.
T
4. Tho improved lock constructed, arranged and operating substantially, as, and
for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by: Figs. 5; 6 and 6 of the.
drawings.
5. The improved methods of locking the bolts of locks of the.. description
aforesaid, by placing the levers or followers.56. in such a position that the contact.
of the plates 51 and 53 with the followers: 56, has no tendency to cause the
followers 58 to revolve upon the centre 57; substantially as.herein before described
and illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings.
.
6. The improved lock, constructed; arranged, and operating substantially.as.and
for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 9, 10 and 11 »of‹
the drawings.
17 In combination with locks of the description aforesaid and their adaptation! to
pauic doors, the several methods of and means and appliances for holding back,
the panic door levers 64; when such doors. are.. required to be kept unlocked,
substantially.. as herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 12 to 20 of the,
drawings.
8. The improved lock, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as
and for the purposes herein. before. described and illustrated by Fig. 21 of the.
drawings.
1
19. The improved look, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as
and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 22 to 26 of
the drawings.
1
L
10. The improved lock or latch, constructed; arranged and operating substan-.
tially as herein-before described and illustrated by Fig. 43 of the drawings.
11. The. improved methods of staying and securing, casements, ventilators, and
other analogous structures, in any required. position, and the several devices for
effecting the same, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by
Figs. 27 to 42 and 44 and 45 of the drawings.
L
Dated 2nd Iul 1895
GEO.
DOWNING,
8 Quality, Court, London, W.C., Agent..