matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR RESTING AND STEADYING THE ARM OF THE MARKSMAN DURING THE OPERATION OF FIRING A GUN OR RIFLE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Henry Atkinson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th November 1881.
ALEXANDER HENRY ATKINSON, of Worcester, Captain in Her Majesty's Forces.
"AN IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR RESTING AND STEADYING THE ARM OF THE
MARKSMAN DURING THE OPERATION OF FIRING A GUN OR RIFLE."
My Invention has for its object to facilitate accurate shooting by affording a
steadier support for the rifle. In consists in connecting the hand with the lower
portion of the upper arm by a strap ending in two loops, and made adjustable in
length by means of a buckle. The upper end of the strap is punched for receiving
the tongue of a buckle and forms a loop round the hand, while the lower extremity
forms an eylet which can be moved up and down along the strap so as to increaso
or diminish the size of the lower loop which passes round the arm. In the
accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shows the construction of the strap, and Fig. 2 its
application; A is a ginch strap, one end passing through loop C, and which end is
punched for the tongue of the buckle at D; B, a second inch strap rolled for
some length at E and G, but opening out again to where the strap fits behind
the arm at F. There is a loop or eyelet hole at H and a buckle at D.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Love and Brodie Cochrane
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th March 1881.
GEORGE LOVE, of Malton House, Lanchester, in the County of Durham, Mining
Engineer, and BRODIE COCHRANE, of Aldin Grange, near Durham, in the County
of Durham, Colliery Owner. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
AND STEEL,"
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of iron and steel for
the purpose of dephosphorizing the same and otherwise improving it.
In carrying out our Invention we cause molten iron or steel to be run into
moulds formed of mixtures of lime or limestone and peat, or sawdust, or dead
leaves, or other carbonaceous material or mixtures of the same, whereby the
molten metal is dephosphorized and otherwise freed from impurities by the chemical
affinity therefor of the constituents of the mould.
The iron or steel may be run from the blast furnace, the reverberatory, or any
molting furnace into moulds formed of the combination of material above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Deacon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1881.
JOHN DEACON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MANGLES."
This Invention refers to improvements in the construction of mangles, in which
a table or top plate governed by springs is substituted for the ordinary weighted
box, and to improved reversing action, by which the table is caused to travel
forwards and backwards by the same action in turning.
The mangle consists of the usual standards and frame with a bed plate and
pressing rollers and top plate, and a transverse shaft, on which is geared a toothed
wheel, and upon a second shaft a driving penion and winch handle or pulley band
for steam power.
The main shaft carries also right and left handed winding
rollers for the chains, and between these rollers a reversing clutch gearing
alternately into these rollers by the action of a forked lever and balance weight,
the lever being pinned to a cross bar on the frame. At either end of the top plate
is a guide, which when the end of the top plate reaches the centre operates the
lever, and through it the clutch, throwing the clutch out of gear with one winding
roller and into gear with the other, thus reversing the traverse of the top plate
though the operation of turning continues in the same direction. Strong springs
of any suitable construction are attached to each side of the frame, and these
springs bear upon the guide bars in which the top plate works, and constantly
exert their pressure upon that plate and keep it down upon the pressing rollers
without the use of weights. For the purpose of removing the pressing rollers I
provide three pairs of friction pulleys, fitted one pair at each end of the top plate
and one pair in the centre, and these pulleys bear on the underside of the guide
bars in which the top plate works.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINTS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES TO PREVENT FOULING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Bernard Rodyk at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th July 1881. A communication
from abroad by Nicolas Belfield Dennys, of Singapore, in the Straits
Settlements, Doctor of Philosophy and Magistrate of Police.
ARTHUR BERNARD RODYK, of Number 7, Mincing Lane, in the City of London,
Gentleman. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN PAINTS OR COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING SHIPS'
BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES TO PREVENT FOULING." [A. com-
munication from abroad by Nicolas Belfield Dennys, of Singapore, in the Straits
Settlements, Doctor of Philosophy and Magistrate of Police.]
This Invention relates to an improved paint or composition to be applied to
ships' bottoms and other submerged surfaces for the purpose of preventing fouling
from the adhesion of barnacles or plants, or from other causes.
I take ordinary zinc and suspend it in a semi saturated solution of crystals of
sulphate of copper in the proportion of one hundred weight of zinc to one hundred
weight and a half of sulphate of copper; I collect the resulting deposit and dry,
pulverize, sift, and grind the same until it assumes the form of a fine greyish powder,
suitable for forming a paint. To the powder thus obtained I add the juice of the tree
known as "eloeococcus vernicia," which is sold by the Chinese under the name of
"vah-in-shi," and I add this juice to the powder in sufficient quantity to make a fair
working paint, and the paint thus formed may then be applied in any ordinary
way to the ship's bottom or other surface to be coated.
I have above stated the proportions of zinc and sulphate of copper which I have
found to yield the best results, but these proportions may be varied. The degree
of saturation of the solution of sulphate of copper may be also varied, but the less
saturated the solution the slower will be the formation of the deposit.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wilson Lowther at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st October 1881. A communication
from abroad by William Charmock and Thomas Ormston, both of Serpukoff,
near Moscow, in the Empire of Russia.
JOSEPH WILSON LOWTHER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS
FOR LUBRICATING AND OTHER PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by
William Charmock and Thomas Ormston, both of Serpukoff, near Moscow, in the
Empire of Russia.
This Invention relates to the construction of a rotary apparatus capable of
raising and forcing liquids or fluids, and is especially applicable for keeping up a
constant supply of lubricant to the bearing surfaces of large shafts, and also in the
construction of apparatus for pumping other liquids or fluids. In carrying out the
Invention I take a cylinder and I mount a boss inside this cylinder so as to
revolve eccentrically therein, the axis of this boss projecting through a stuffing
box at one side, and there being fitted with a pulley for imparting the requisite
revolving motion to such boss. A slot or opening is formed through this boss in
which is fitted a sliding sbutter of the exact diameter and width of the cylinder,
and which shutter slides to and fro as the boss revolves eccentrically in the cylinder,
thus practically dividing the cylinder into two compartments, which are constantly
increasing and decreasing in capacity. An inlet and outlet pipe being attached to
the cylinder, it will be obvious that any liquid or fluid drawn in or entering by
the inlet pipe on one side of the shutter is compelled to leave such cylinder by the
outlet pipe as the boss revolves, and thus I construct an apparatus suitable for the
purposes aforesaid.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS, APPARATUS, AND MATERIAL FOR PRODUCING COPIES OF WRITINGS, DRAWINGS, AND OTHER DELINEATIONS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Gestetner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1881.
DAVID GESTETNER, of South Street, Thurloe Square, in the County of Middlesex.
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS, APPARATUS, AND MATERIAL FOR PRODUCING COPIES
OF WRITINGS, DRAWINGS, AND OTHER DELINEATIONS."
The Invention has for its object an improved process, apparatus, and material for
producing copies of writings, drawings, and other delineations.
For this purpose I first obtain a stencil of the writing, drawing, or other
delineation to be reproduced, by writing with a blunt pointed instrument or with
a sharp blade on a sheet of specially prepared paper placed on a surface formed
with a series of lines or corrugations cut or otherwise produced thereon.
I prefer for such purpose the surface shown and described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me, dated July 3, 1880, No. 2725, but surfaces otherwise
formed may be employed, provided that they are of such a nature that on writing
with an instrument as aforesaid on a piece of prepared paper placed thereon, a
series of small holes arranged closely together are produced, wherever the writing
instrument traverses the paper.
In the production of the stencil, other means may however be employed, such,
for instance, as the well known electric pen, the "horograph," or any other
instrument capable of producing a series of small perforations close together.
Having obtained a stencil of the writing or other delineation to be reproduced,
I spread on any suitable surface an even layer of thick ink, and on this body of
ink I lay the stencil, and thus form a complete printing apparatus.
On passing the hand or a light roller over a piece of paper placed on the stencil,
the ink will rise through the perforations or punctures in the stencil, and on
removing such sheet of paper the ink on the printing bed will be seen to stand up
in relief from the surface of the stencil and thereby produce a raised printing
surface with a constant supply of ink.
A considerable number of impressions of the writing, drawing, or other delineation
may be obtained from the apparatus by simply placing a sheet of paper thereon
and passing the hand or a light roller lightly over the same.
The specially prepared paper to be used in the production of the stencil I make
as follows:-
I take what is known as Japanese copying paper, and apply to one side thereof
a thin even coating of wax.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TUCK-POINTING WALLS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Nelson Bundy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th May 1881.
WILLIAM NELSON BUNDY, of Whittlesea, in the County of Cambridge, Brick
Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TUCK-POINTING WALLS."
Hitherto the tuck pointing of walls has been effected by hand, and it is
therefore a costly operation. This prevents it being so generally applied as it
might be, since it otherwise affords a simple and effective mode of giving a finish
to the work.
Now the object of the present Invention is to provide an apparatus by which the
operation of tuck pointing may be readily and easily carried out.
This apparatus consists of a tube or cylinder of any convenient length to receive
the plastic material to be laid on the wall. One end of this cylinder is closed by
a cap which forms an abutment for one end of a spiral spring, the other end bearing
against a piston or plunger contained in the cylinder.
The other end of this cylinder is closed by a shield or guide which will guide
the plastic material contained in the cylinder into the groove of a grooved wheel
or roller carried in brackets secured to and projecting from the cylinder. This
wheel is intended to be run along the wall at the part required, and the plastic
material which is forced into the groove by the plunger acted upon by the spring
is laid evenly by it on the wall.
To ensure that the plastic material shall be cleared out of the groove as the
wheel rotates, I provide a scraper which is formed to fit the groove. This scraper
is carried by a forked bracket mounted on the axle of the wheel. This bracket
also carries a trailing spring or other presser and a pair of side guides, the first
being intended to ensure the adherence of the plastic material to the wall, and the
second to regulate the width of the line of pointing.
The pressure of the spiral spring on the plunger or piston in the cylinder is to
be regulated by a screw according to the amount of the plastic material at the time
in the cylinder.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE CONVERSION OF ANIMAL ENERGY AND GRAVITATION INTO ROTARY MOTION
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Augustus Bowdin Joy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1881.
AUGUSTUS BOWDIN JOY, of Ilkley, in the County of York, Brewer.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE CONVERSION OF ANIMAL ENERGY AND
GRAVITATION INTO ROTARY MOTION."
This Invention relates to the conversion of animal energy and gravitation into
rotary motion, which may be utilized for propelling the paddle wheels of a boat,
tricycles, aeronautical and such like machines requiring little power, and is carried
into effect by mounting on to the paddle wheel or tricycle shaft a pair of pinions,
having sliding catch boxes at each side of the same, which are kept in gear by
suitable springs. Gearing into each pinion is a sliding rack; and when the weight
of a man or other animal is alternately brought to bear on the end of each rack,
the pinions through the catch boxes cause the shaft to rotate; and on the removal
of the weight from either rack the same is brought back into its normal position by
means of a spring.
A NEW OR IMPROVED TUBE CUTTER
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Skeldon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1880.
PETER SKELDON, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Foreman
Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED TUBE CUTTER."
My Invention consists of a new or improved tube cutter, the parts of which
are constructed, arranged, and worked essentially in the manner herein after
described.
The cutting operation in my new or improved tube cutter is effected from the
inside of the tube instead of from the outside as usual, and it is consequently
primarily fitted for cutting off the ends of tubes which have been inserted in the
tube plates of steam boilers and coolers or refrigerators and for other purposes
where it is desirable that the tube shall be cut off from the inside thereof.
My said new or improved tube cutter consists essentially of a strong hollow
cylinder, a screwed spindle working within the said hollow cylinder, a series of
cutting rollers carried by the said hollow cylinder, and a tubular guard external to
and capable of being fixed to and removed from the hollow cylinder. The inner
end of the screwed spindle is plain and conical or taper, and in recesses or openings
made near the inner end of the hollow cylinder the series of cutting rollers having
a conical figure is placed. The said rollers bear closely against one another at their
broad ends and are supported by the taper end of the spindle. The conical cutting
rollers are kept in their places in the recesses described in the hollow cylinder by
the outer openings of the said recesses being smaller than the said cutting
rollers.
The external guard of the tube cutter serves to determine the position of the
cutting rollers with respect to the tube plate in which the tubes are fitted. The
external diameter of the hollow cylinder of the tube cutter is equal to the internal
diameter of the tube to be cut off. The outer end of the screwed part of the spindle
protrudes from the hollow cylinder and is made square for receiving a handle by
which rotation may be given to the tube cutter.
In using the tube cutter the inner end of the hollow cylinder is passed the
required distance into the tube to be cut off, the inner end of the external tubular
guard abutting against the tube plate. The tube cutter is now rotated by means
of the handle at the end of the screwed spindle, the screwed spindle at the same

page_text: time being made to advance in the hollow cylinder. By the advance of the screwed
spindle its plain conical end presses outward simultaneously the series of cutting
rollers against the inside of the tube, which motion of the cutting rollers combined
with their rotatory motion and that of the tube cutter cause the end of the tube to
be rapidly cut off at a point a short distance in front of the tube plate.
Instead of using a screwed spindle for pressing open or outwards the cutting
rollers a plain spindle may be used, the advance of the plain spindle in the hollow
cylinder being effected in any convenient way, and instead of using conical cutting
rollers, cylindrical rollers or rollers with parallel sides may be used.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CORRUGATING TUBES OR CYLINDERS."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Handel Moore at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th May 1881.
HANDEL MOORE, the elder, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CORRUGATING TUBES OR CYLINDERS."
The object of my improvements is to produce corrugated or undulated cylinders
or tubes of wrought iron, steel, or other metal, with greater accuracy and regularity,
and at a much less cost than hitherto.
On a suitable stationary table is provided a core, capable of expansion, having
corrugations or undulations of any desired form on its surface. The cylinder or
tube to be operated upon is placed over this core and supported on an annular
platform, after which the core is expanded in its interior.
Instead of forming the whole circle of each corrugation I by preference operate
on a portion of two simultaneously, and for this purpose I provide two pairs of
jaws having corrugated dies applied thereto; these are fitted horizontally in suitable
bearings, each pair being placed at right angles with the other, and one pair in
advance of the other.
The dies are brought forward to their work and the required pressure given for
forming the corrugations by hydraulic or other machinery. By such pressure the
herein before mentioned dies force the metal of the tube or cylinder into the
corresponding corrugations, herein before mentioned, on the surface of the core.
This being done the dies are withdrawn, and the cylinder or tube may be moved
the required distance and the operation repeated until each corrugation is completed,
after which the platform is moved downwards, carrying the cylinder or tube with
it, to a sufficient distance for the next corrugations, and so on till the whole or
required length or portion is operated upon.
The tube or cylinder is heated previous to the hereinbefore mentioned operation
by ordinary means; but in order to retain it at the required temperature during
the corrugating operations, I by preference enclose the cylinder or tube within a
cover which when required may be heated; this cover forms a shield for the
protection of the workmen from the heat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN RAISING AND LOWERING WEIGHTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Turner Donald at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1881.
JAMES TURNER DONALD, of the Firm of John Donald and Son, of Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
RAISING AND LOWERING WEIGHTS."
This Invention relates to apparatus for insuring the safe, expeditious, and certain
unloading of cargoes, for "casting off" boats from vessels, and generally for raising
and lowering weights.
The Invention consists in a jaw block and boat detacher composed of two
pivotted jaws, one containing a sheave or other suitable device at one end and a
hook at the other end; and the other having an eye in which a supporting rope or
chain is fastened; said rope or chain passing thence about the sheave in the other
jaw to the point of securing or suspension; said jaw also if desired having a hook
to hold the slings when not in use (or for returning them to the point of delivery),
and also having attached in its eye a trip cord by which the jaws are parted to
release the slings held by the hook on the first named jaw while retained in
contact with the second jaw, the jaws being always held in the locked position
until the load being carried is landed or water borne, when they are released by
force being applied through the trip cord; the pulling upon this trip cord serves
to draw the jaws apart so that the hook on the first jaw being no longer in contact
with the second jaw the slings are free to slip therefrom, the jaws being tilted
somewhat to insure the exit of such slings and the consequent releasing of the load.
The load in the slings puts such a tension upon the supporting ropes or chains that
the jaws are brought more firmly in contact, and hence more securely retain the
slings in proportion to the weight of such load. The jaw block may be rigged to a
crane for unloading or loading vessels, railway trucks, and for like purposes, or it
may be arranged upon a boom or other part of a vessel for taking on or discharging
its cargo, and may be worked singly or otherwise as desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN SILK FABRICS, AND IN YARNS TO BE USED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederich Augustus Arbenz at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd June 1881.
FREDERICH AUGUSTUS ARBENZ, of Riesbach, near Zürich, living at Boech, near
Richtersweil, owner of the Firm of Fr. Aug. Arbenz, in Richtersweil, Switzerland.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN SILK FABRICS, AND IN YARNS
TO BE USED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE."
All silk stuff's used for dresses, excepting stuffs of spun silk, are made out of
what is called organzines and trames; the first is used for the warp, and the
second for the weft of the stuff. Both warp and weft have always been finished,
then dyed, and afterwards woven; therefore unless dyed in spots or stripes they
could only be dyed in one colour. Now I produce variegated organzines and
trames by twisting together two or more already dyed threads, either of different
shades of the same colour, or of two, three, or more different coloured threads, so as
to make only one thicker thread out of them.
Variegated organzines and trames thus made I afterwards weave into stuffs,
and thereby produce variegated stuffs, such, for example, as glaces, levantines, or
satins.
In some cases I weave the stuffs with variegated warps and plain wefts, or both
warps and wefts may be variegated.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING AND STEERING VESSELS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June 1881. A communication
by Louis Planus, of 6, Rue Mayet, Paris, Franco.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue
de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 90, Cannon Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING
AND STEERING VESSELS." A communication by Louis Planus, of 6, Rue Mayet,
Paris, France.
This Invention relates to substituting for screw propellers or other propelling or
steering apparatus hitherto in use a double acting compound apparatus fitted as
the screw to the stern of the vessel, but at each side of the said stern instead of in
the middle, as is the case with the screw, each apparatus consisting of a wooden
block covered with sheets of a suitable metal to give the block the density of the
water, and having a semi-cubic shape, one face of which, provided laterally with
blades running in slides fixed in the face of the stern, is attached to an iron rod or
bar, to which from the engine of the vessel an up and down motion, and vice versa,
is imparted by means of any well known machinery or contrivance, the said motion
being therefore transmitted to the semi-cubic block attached to the said iron rod
or bar. The two other surfaces of the semi-cubic block being inclined at about
45 degrees, the upper surface from above downwards and the lower surface from
below upwards, bear upon the water when rising and falling, and throw back the
said water against the wall of the stern, and impart to the vessel a forward motion,
the machinery transmitting the motive power being so arranged that each semi-
cubic apparatus works alternately, one from above downwards and the other from
below upwards, thus causing the propelling power to be continuous.
Similar apparatus can be applied to each side of stern of the vessel in order to
take the place of steering apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Hosking and William
Blackwell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October
1881.
•
RICHARD HOSKING, the younger, and WILLIAM BLACKWELL, both of Dalton in
Furness, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS."
"
This Invention relates to pumps, and consists in working sliding pipes with
nozzles and pistons. It having been usual heretofore to employ a rod or rods for
working the plunger when the greater the height of water to be raised the greater
the power required.
In performing the Invention we use two sliding pipes in two cases witü stuffing
boxes attached.
These sliding pipes are attached to a nozzle.
The pump pipes are fixed to the top slide pipe case and supported by iron or
wood girders from the bottom.
The nozzle has four branches; two are attached to the bottom and top sliding
pipes, and to the two other branches are attached two floating pistons. These
pistons bear the pressure of water that is in the column over the valve or cock.
Now we utilize this pressure with these floating pistons raising and falling with
the slide pipes.
To the top piston rods are attached, connected with the bob end at surface
hanging on a pin with a slot so as not to bind the underpart of the pin; the slot is
used to allow the rods to rise when the pressure of water on piston is greater than the
weight of the rods, and make the rods swim on the water. These pistons are fixed
in short endless cylinders having a hollow guard at the end to keep the pistons
from coming too far.
The bottom piston has two outside ropes or rods connected at top with the bob
end. The pressure of water is always acting on this piston, trying to push it
down; the weight of water is always here. This weight of water is balanced with
weight in the balance box at the end of the bob.
IMPROVED SOLE PLATES FOR BOOTS AND SHOES AND CLOGS."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Robert Alexander at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1881.
JAMES ROBERT ALEXANDER, of Edinburgh, in the County of Midlothian, North
Britain, Boot Manufacturer. IMPROVED SOLE PLATES FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
AND CLOGS."
1
This Invention, which relates to improved sole plates for boots, shoes, and clogs,
has for one of its objects to produce soles which shall be water or damp proof, and
for another object to provide means of covering the soles of boots, shoes, and clogs
with nails in a more expeditious and effectual manner than hitherto. The improved
solo plates are made of any suitable metal or composition of metals, or they may be
made of gutta percha or other wearable composition, and cast in moulds in such a
manner as to fit and lie close to or solid on the ordinary solos of boots, shoos, and
clogs. The improved soles on the part which treads on the ground have designs or
projections cast on them to represent "tackets,” “ nuggets," "hobs," or other nails
heretofore driven into the leather soles, nail by nail, and by skilled labour, so that
by this Invention these nails are put on the boot or shoe one one plate, which being
fixed to the sole by a few screws or nails, then presents a regular and more perfect
design, such fixing being effected in a few minutes by unskilled labour. The im-
proved plates have also the advantage of not cutting up the sole or destroying the
boot in the way ordinary tackets, hobs, or nails closely driven usually do. In some
cases the plates are made or cast with cut out centres, having a rim all round of any
desired breadth, and provided with an attachable plate on the parts subjected to
the most wear, and may be diversified with designs cut out through and through
the sole plate so as to shew the leather on sole of a boot, and cover only half, or
more or less of the surface of the sole. The vacant spaces cut through the sole
plates may or may not be filled with leather retained in position by a retaining
rim.
The improved plates may be fixed to the leather sole by means of screws, nails,
or rivets, with counter sink heads or by means of prongs or pins cast solid with the
plate. The different forms of the improved sole plates may also be mado with
upturned edges to cover and protect the edges of boots and shoes, besides protecting
the bottom part of the sole, and thus prevent water getting between the sole plate
and the leather sole of the boot where the wearer may be engaged among water or
damp, and they may be galvanized, silverized, electro plated, tinned, lacquered,
bronzed, burnished, or painted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wilson Riley and Joseph Riley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd June 1881.
WILSON RILEY, of Keighley, in the County of York, Mechanic, and JOSEPH
RILEY, of Bradford, in the said County, Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING."
The object of our Invention is to maintain the tension on the driving band
equal at all parts of the traverse of the bobbin both in cap and fly spinning. The
Invention is also of utility in doubling and roving.
Immediately under the lifter rail we fix a warl on to the tube which has a
groove or grooves; if the latter, they are opposite to one another in order to balance
the quick running of the tube. Above the lifter rail we place a boss or bobbin
carrier with pin passing through the same into groove or grooves in the tube on
to this boss; in the case of fly spinning we fix the flyer with the twizles at the top.
The bobbin carrier traverses in building up the yarn up and down this groove or
grooves of the tube on the spindle.
PENCIL CASE AND SPIRIT LEVEL
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Vayan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th February 1881.
LOUIS VAYAN, of Nice, in the Republic of France.
PENCIL CASE AND SPIRIT LEVEL."
"A COMBINED PENCIL OR
My Invention has for its object to produce an instrument which may be used by
surveyors, architects, builders, &c., either as a spirit level or as a pencil, as may be
desired. For this purpose I take a cylindrical pipe (preferably circular or elliptic
in cross section) closed at one end and open at the other, and introduce from the
open end a pencil or a pencil case with movable lead, which may be secured in any
suitable way, but preferably by means of screw threads. The pipe has on the upper
side one or two openings closed with glass, and is filled with spirit or other suitable
liquid, leaving a bubble of air which can be observed through the said opening or
openings. The pencil case may pass into or through the liquid, or the pipe may
have a lateral recess for the pencil case. The back end of the pipe may be open
like the front end, and provided with a plug. The liquid receptacle may be inade
of glass or crystal, and surrounded with a metallic sleeve which forms the pencil
case. Sometimes I provide the pipe or the sleeve with a scale to denote inches,
centimeters, or other measures, and fractions of the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN POCKET KNIVES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Alfred Barlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th September 1881. A communi.
cation from abroad by Messrs. Bierhoff & Wever, of Obligs bei Solingen, in
the Empire of Germany.
WALTER ALFRED BARLOW, of 6, St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London,
Patent Agent and Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN POCKET KNIVES." A communi-
cation from abroad by Messrs. Bierhoff & Wever, of Obligs bei Solingen, in the
Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to pocket knives
wherein are combined certain articles of daily use, such as a corkscrew and
champagne knife in addition to the blades.
The handle of the knife is constructed; substantially as ordinarily, excepting the
springs, and within which handle are placed the ordinary blades of the knife, aud
at the back part is fitted a champagne knife or simular article, and a corkscrew or
gimlet or such like instrument; or a button may be employed instead if desired.
The corkscrew is raised into position readily for use by applying pressure to the
champagne knife or button, which acts on the spring or lever contained in the
handle of the knife and raises it, and said corkscrew is held firmly in position by a
part of said spring or lever.
According to a modification a tumbler lever is introduced between the inner end
of the corkscrew and the champagne knife or button and takes into a recess in the
end of the butt of said corkscrew, the action in this case for opening and retaining
open of the corkscrew is by pressure simularly to that of the first construction.
The blades and parts are carried upon pivots passing through holes therein and in
the handles:
AN IMPROVED COMBINATION. SNAP AND JOINT FOR BRACELETS, RINGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Downing and Edward
Downing at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th March
1881.
"
ARTHUR DOWNING and EDWARD DOWNING, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Jewellers. AN IMPROVED COMBINATION. SNAP AND JOINT FOR
BRACELETS, RINGS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention consists in forming a snap action fastening and hinge pin joint
combined in one, for securing articles of the description above named, so that the
article may be formed of two or more interchangeable parts of various designs
readily changed. With this view the meeting edges of the parts of the article (say,
a bracelet, for instance) are formed and gapped like the corresponding parts of an
ordinary hinge working upon a pin, only that the pin is cut through at the gaps,.
and its ends turned down and attached to a back bar. The outer ends of the pin
form push pieces at each side of the bracelet, and the inner ends form small beaked
bolts kept apart in the centre by the action of a spring governing the back bar,
upon which the push pieces and the bolts are attached. When the two parts of
the hinge joint are brought together, the projections of the one engaging in the
gaps upon the other, the bearers of the bolts snap into the projections, and thus
complete a pin joint hinge, and by compressing the push pieces at the sides of
the bracelet, the bolts are removed from their hold, and the parts. can be
separated..
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FENCE WIRE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1881. A communi-
cation from abroad by the Firm of Messieurs Witte and Kämper, of Osnabrück,
in the Empire of Germany.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of C, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FENCE WIRE."
A communication from abroad by the Firm of Messieurs Witte and Kämper, of
Osnabrück, in the Empire of Germany.
The object of this Invention is to protect fence wires from injury by spiking
them; this is effected in the following manner:-
Whilst the strands of wire are being twisted in the ordinary manner pieces of
metal are inserted at regular intervals between the strands, which latter bind the
inetal pieces and firmly secure them.
These metal pieces are punched out in the form desired by a punching machine.
The shapes of the pieces are either four pointed in form of a star or merely double
pointed or diamond shaped, but these forms may be varied if required.
The star shaped pieces of metal being inserted between the strands during the
twisting of the wire, the latter grips the piece across the centre at the entering
angles, the points then representing four spikes or sharp projections.
These plates may be inserted flat, and the points bent in the desired position
afterwards, or the plates may be so bent before being twisted with the strands.
The two pointed or diamond shaped pieces are provided with two notches, one
on each side, for the wire to enter and there secure them.
This method of spiking fence wire is more economical and effective than any in
present use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC SEA SOUNDING APPARATUS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1881.
A com-
munication from Wilhelm Rudolph Reimers Becker, of Hamburg, in the
German Empire.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC SEA SOUNDING
APPARATUS." A communication from Wilhelm Rudolph Reimers Becker, of
Hamburg, in the German Empire.
This Invention relates to apparatus for automatically taking sounding when the
ship approaches shallow water, the said apparatus being attached to the outer hull
or keel of ships, and is influenced or operated automatically as soon as the ship
passes into shallow water. The construction is as follows:-
To the keel or to the bottom part of the hull of the ship a metal spring is
fastened, and this spring is bent in a curve, the concave part of which projects so
far below the keel as it is judged to be the minimum of depth of water requisite
for the safety of the vessel.
One end of the spring is a fixture to the ship, the other end slides in a slot or
other convenient guide of the keel or ship's hull. To the centre part of the spring
one end of a rod is fastened, the other end of which is guided through a tube or
packed opening upwards into the inside of the ship or to the deck or cabin.
As soon as the ship passes into shallow water and the curve of the spring strikes
ground the latter is Hattened, forcing the sliding end of the spring to move
backward. The rod is lifted correspondingly, and this movement of the rod is
communicated by gearing to a hand and scale showing directly the depth of water
remaining under the ship's keel. An alarm or bell signal can be brought in con-
nection with the apparatus, and be moved at the same moment that the spring
strikes ground.
This apparatus may also be constructed so as to be removable from the hull of
the vessel and be worked through a trunk so as to project the apparatus below the
vessel to proper depth.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO SKY-ROCKETS, EXPLOSIVE SIGNAL ROCKETS, AND OTHER FIRE-WORKS WHERE A STICK OR FRAME IS USED.
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Charles Pain at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1881.
JAMES CHARLES PAIN, of 121, Walworth Road, in the County of Surrey, .
Pyrotechnist. "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO SKY-ROCKETS, EXPLOSIVE SIGNAL
ROCKETS, AND OTHER FIRE-WORKS WHERE A STICK OR FRAME IS USED.".
This Invention relates to improvements in the method of applying or attaching
the ordinary sticks to the cases of sky-rockets, explosive signal rockets, and other
fire works where a stick or frame work is used, and the object of my improvements
is to ensure the sticks being securely attached to such rockets or fire-works.
Heretofore the sticks have either been tied to the side of the rocket or slid into
a tube formed on the side of the rocket case, and in some cases they become
detached when in use, or are imperfectly secured to the rocket, and my Invention
consists in applying a spring or other catch to the stick, tube, or holder, which
engages with one of several notches cut on the end of the stick, by which means
the stick will be securely held and prevented from becoming detached.
The spring or catch may be applied to the stick if desired, or other equivalent
contrivances may be employed for securing the stick to the rocket or signal.
Rockets, signals, or other similar fire-works may also be securely fixed in like
manner to the stationary frame or holder on which they are discharged.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ashworth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st October 1881.
WILLIAM ASHWORTH, of 42, Crowther St., Burnley, in tho County of Lancaster,
Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My Invention relates to an improved taking up apparatus by which the change
wheels or other wheels therein used may be changed when required with greater
facility than by the usual method of adjustment. For this purpose the ordinary
change wheel stud is dispensed with, and in lieu thereof a stationary stud is
substituted, upon which revolve the ratchet wheel and pinion; these are connected
by a boss. That part of the boss on which the ratchet wheel is placed is of a
square or other suitable form, by which means the ratchet wheel can be readily
changed and others substituted to determine the number of picks that may be
required to be woven in a given length of cloth.
AND CONNECTED WITH THE JOINTS OF PIPES OR TUBES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Punch at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th April 1881.
Robert Punch, of Middlesbrough, in the County of York.
IN AND CONNECTED WITH THE JOINTS OF PIPES OR TUBES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates to a contrivance for connecting two consecutive lengths
of a system of pipes or tubes by screwing their ends into an apparatus in the
same manner as into ferrules in ordinary use for such purposes, which apparatus
is so constructed that either pipe or tube may be disconnected by screwing the
apparatus further onto the other pipe or tube, which at the same time brings up a
disc, plug, or valve to the end of this pipe or tube and stops the passage; the
object of my Invention being to disconnect any particular length in a system of
pipes or tubes conveying under pressure water, gas, steam, or other fluids and
liquids, at the same time closing the outlets caused by its removal.
In carrying out my Invention I provide a ferrule which may be in segments
secured together as male and female, or be flanged and bolted, so as when united
to form a chamber, in which is placed a plug or valve, the size of the plug or
valve being sufficient to stop the passage of the pipes, and the size of the chamber
being such as to allow free passage around the plug or valve for the water, gas,
steain, or other liquid or fluid passing through. Each end of the ferrule is
cylindrical with a female screw to receive the pipes which the ferrule connects.
The plug or valve may consist of a flat disc or a ball, or be made of any other
convenient form, and be faced with india rubber or other material suitable for
effecting a tight joint, the plug or valve being kept in position by arms or spokes
of metal received into sockets or attached to a ring placed between flanges at a
joint of the segments of the ferrule. The ferrule can be turned by a key, the
external flange being made of any convenient form or size for that purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd December 1881. A
communication from abroad by Emilo Quesnot, of Marseille, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LUBRICATORS." A communication from abroad by Emile Quesnot, of Marseille,
France.
This Invention has for its object to lubricate machinery, and more especially the
pistons and slide valves of locomotives at certain intervals and with prescribed
quantities of grease; also to lubricate several parts of a machine at the same time.
It consists in placing between the grease receptacle and the part to be lubricated
a valve chamber communicating at the top with the grease receptacle, at the bottom
with the oil duct leading to the engine cylinder, or valve chest, &c., and opening at
the side into a pump barrel in which a small horizontal ram piston is movable.
Two valves connected by the valve stem are placed in the said valve chamber, the
upper and larger valve serving to close the top orifice, while the lower and smaller
valve serves to close the botton orifice. Two perforated discs are mounted on tho
valve stem, the upper disc being loose, and the lower disc cast in one piece with tho
valve sten; the two discs are held apart by a spring. The outer end of the piston
is attached to a lever which may either be moved by hand or by means of suitablo
connections from the stand of the engine driver or attendant. During the outstroke
of the piston the upper valve is drawn from its seat and the lower valve closed,
thereby filling the valve chamber and pump barrel with oil. During the return
stroke the upper valve is closed, the lower valve opened, and the contents of the
valve chamber pressed into the oil duct leading from tho lower orifice to the
engine cylinder or valve chest, &c. Instead of one bottom valve and oil duct two
or more such valves and ducts may be used for simultaneously lubricating two or
more parts of a machine, the stems of the bottom valves being made in one piece
with the lower disc, from which the stem of the upper valve extends upwards.
The quantity of oil discharged by each stroke depends upon the diameter of piston
and the length of stroke.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS FOR DOORS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Martin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September 1881.
ALBERT MARTIN, of 15, Rectory Place, Woolwich, in the County of Kent, Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS FOR DOORS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
The spring I fasten to the door, which at its other end is jointed to a link; the
link at its other end is jointed to act as a hinge which fastens on the frame of a
door, or can be fastened on the door and the spring on the frame.
The improvements are, when opening the door the spring becomes weaker, which
is caused by the link turning at the end, and the same spring also acts to keep the
door back when opened. The advantage of the link is when opening the door the
spring is thereby straightened, the link turns on its joint and permits the free
movement of the spring with but little friction, and the spring is enabled to act
with greater advantage to effect the closing of the door than if no link were used.
Also enables the spring to keep the door back when opened.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CENTRIFUGAL HYDRO-EXTRACTORS.
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Bates at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November 1881.
FREDERICK BATES, of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CENTRIFUGAL HYDRO-EXTRACTORS.
"
The object of this Invention is to reduce the vibration which invariably
accompanies the rapid rotation of centrifugal machines, owing to the impossibility
of distributing the material in such manner that the centre of gravity shall corre-
spond with the axis of the machine. This unequal distribution causes the cage to
oscillate upon its axis, and consequently the bearings of the said axis are subjected
to great strain and friction. To reduce this strain and friction and the vibration
resulting therefrom, I mount the casing of the machine upon spiral springs or
other elastic cushions placed at suitable intervals underneath the outer-edge thereof,
the machine being secured to the foundation by bolts passing through the centre
of the said springs.
By this arrangement the casing and bearings can accommodate themselves to the
motion of the cage and the continually changing centre of gravity.