IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING BY POWER
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bullough, of Accrington, Robert Willan,
of Blackburn, and John Walmsley, of Accrington, all in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR WARPING BY POWER."
Sealed the 28th December 1855, and dated the 6th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bullough, Robert
Willan, and John Walmsley at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th July 1855.
We, JAMES BULLOUGH, of Accrington, ROBERT WILLAN, of Blackburn, and
JOHN WALMSLEY, of Accrington, all in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OF
APPARATUS FOR WARPING BY POWER" to be as follows:-
We propose to apply an apparatus to be acted upon when any of the warp
threads break; the said apparatus in such cases will come in contact with
oscillating, revolving, or vibratory bars, which, acting upon the driving strap, will
throw it off from the fast to the loose pully, thus stopping the mill, and

page_text: partially preventing the necessity of reversing its motion to tie up the thread
or threads when breakage takes place. We also propose to apply a break to
the periphery of the fly wheel, to prevent the momentum or motion being con-
tinued too long a time after the intended stoppage. By these improvements
we dispense with the necessity of the reversing motion rods, &c.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Bullough, Robert Willan, and John Walmsley in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
BULLOUGH, of Accrington, ROBERT WILLAN, of Blackburn, and JOHN WALMSLEY,
of Accrington, all in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Bullough, Robert Willan, and John Walmsley, Her special
licence that we, the said James Bullough, Robert Willan, and John Walmsley,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
James Bullough, Robert Willan, and John Walmsley, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING BY
POWER," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James
Bullough, Robert Willan, and John Walmsley, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and scal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Royal Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Bullough, Robert Willan, and
John Walmsley, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):-
We apply an apparatus to be acted upon when any of the warp threads
break; the said apparatus in such cases comes in contact with oscillating,
revolving, or vibratory bars, which, acting upon the driving strap, throws it off
from the fast to the loose pully, thus stopping the mill, and partially preventing
the necessity of reversing its motion to tie up the thread or threads when
breakage takes place. We also apply a break to the periphery of the fly
wheel, to prevent the momentum or motion being continued too long a time
after the intended stoppage; part of the aforesaid apparatus is also applied to
throw off the driving belt when any required quantity of yarn or thread is
measured off. By these improvements we dispense with the necessity of the
reversing motion rods, &c., and we cause the yarn or threads from the creel to
pass through eyes connected to pins fitting holes in part of the framework of
the mill. When the threads are entire the pins are sustained or supported, but
when a thread breaks or a bobbin empty, the pin through which the thread
should pass sinks in the hole in which it is placed, and comes in contact with
and stops the motion of a fan drum and its shaft. On the said shaft is a
boss and a pulley, each furnished with a cam or cams, inclines, or teeth, which
lock and move together when no stoppage takes place, but when resistance is
offered they separate or slide apart from each other; thus the simple breakage
or absence of a thread procures a movement or motion with power, which is
transmitted to a double lever, and from thence to an L or bell-crank lever,
having one of its sides in a line with the upper part of a strong stopping spring,
which is pushed out of its detent, and acts by a fork on the driving belt,
forcing it on to the loose pulley, thus stopping the mill. The stopping spring
when held by its detent also keeps off or lifts up the weight attached to the
break lever by means of levers, but when the spring is released, the weight
falls and exerts its influence upon the periphery of the fly wheel, thereby
causing the sudden stoppage of the mill.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, and the letters of reference thereon; in which
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the mill with our improvements attached;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation; and Fig. 3, a plan of the same; Fig. 4 is an
elevational section, shewing the passage of the yarn or thread; and Figs. 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are views of detached parts, drawn to an enlarged
scale. a represents the framework of the mill; b, the fast and loose pullies;

page_text: c. the yarn beam; d; the yarn or thread, which from the creel passes over,
under, and over the rollers e, then under a light roller f, which takes up
or holds the over run of the bobbins; the yarn or thread then passes
through the eyes of the pins g, seen, enlarged in Figs. 5, 7, and 8, and
through the reed or comb h to the yarn beam c; the bearings of the
roller can sink down in the slide or groove k, according to the length of
yarn to take up. The pins slide in the holes in the top plate m, a section
of which is seen at Fig. 5, and part of a top view at Fig. 6. As already
stated, when a pin is not supported by the yarn or thread, a part of it sinks
through the hole, as seen at n, Fig. 5, and comes in contact with the fan
drum o and holds it. Fig. 11 shews at p the end of one of the vanes or fans
held with the pin. Fast to the shaft of the said fan drum is the boss q;
having one or more teeth or cams 2, which boss is driven by the pulleys, also
furnished with one or more inclines or cams t. When no interruption takes
place they move simultaneously; but when the drum is held, the cams of the
pulley slide over the cams of the boss, and separate from each other; they are
seen together in Fig. 9, and apart in Fig. 10. The pulley operates upon a
lever u, which moves a lever v, forcing the stopping spring w out of a detent
and acting upon a catch a, fast to the stopping shaft y, to which the fork z is
connected, and the mill is stopped. The break is acted upon as follows:-The
stopping spring when in its detent keeps back the cranked lever a', holding.
the lever and weight by means of the rod c', thus keeping the break from
pressing the fly whcel d'; but when the spring is thrown out, the levers and
weight are at liberty, and the fly wheel is pressed by the break. In order
to stop the mill when a certain quantity of yarn or thread is measured off,
we employ a grooved boss e¹ on the worm wheel f', which boss has an opening.
as at g', through which a tongue or projection on the arm h¹ escapes, allowing
the arm with its bent end to fall down and seize a lug or projection on the
boss 7, thereby holding it and giving a transverse motion to the pulleys, which
operates upon the levers, as in the former example, and stops the mill.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of our said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, we desire it to be
distinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the exact details
herein set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from.
the principle thereof; but we claim as our Invention, and which, to the best
of our knowledge and belief, has not been hitherto used within this realm,
the arrangement and construction of machinery or apparatus for warping.