Improvements in and relating to Drying and Evaporating Apparatus.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 13th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Drying and Evaporating
Apparatus.
We, Dr. CARL GUSTAV JOBST MÖLLER, of 19 Friedrich-Wilhelmstrasse,
Berlin, Manufacturer, and Professor PAUL PFEIFER, of Brunswick, Government
Architect, both in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to drying and evaporating apparatus.
By means of our improved apparatus any moist materials or liquids are artificially
dried or evaporated in such a manner that the latent and free heat, inherent in the
water escaping as steam from the material during the drying or in the vapours
escaping from the liquid, is recovered by the condensation of the said steam or
vapours and utilized for drying. The heat of the water of condensation which is
still hot is used in like manner.
In the drying apparatus heretofore employed the material to be dried is subjected
to an air current whose capacity for taking up water is increased by direct heating;
the latent and free heat inherent in the steam escaping from the material is
however lost.
According to our aforesaid invention the heat of the steam escaping from the
material to be dried is utilized by drawing it from the hottest point of the drying
chamber and using it by means of suitable pipes for heating the colder parts of the
drying chamber.
We will proceed to describe various constructional forms or arrangements of such
drying apparatus.
'
In one arrangement we provide a drying chanuel adapted to be closed at its two
extremities by doors. The material to be dried is placed upon trucks running
upon rails, and is moved by steps through the said drying channel.
At the end of the drying channel, where the dried materials leave the same, is
arranged a furnace the heating gases from which pass through heating pipes
having many bends and arranged in the drying channel, and are then conducted to
the outside. By this furnace the drying channel is heated to such a degree that all
the water to be removed from the material will be evaporated.
In the part of the drying channel which is heated most strongly we arrange
suction pipes through which the water evaporated from the material to be dried is
drawn and conveyed to the outside through a pipe. On its way through the latter
pipe, made of suitable shape and extended as much as practicable, the steam
condenses on the metallic walls of this pipe, thus yielding its latent and free heat
to the material to be dried. At the outlet end of the pipe is placed a fan, chimney
or the like.
The water condensed in the said pipe is conducted in a special water pipe to the
coldest end of the channel and is there removed through an overflow-pipe or
through any other suitable water seal. The pipe for conducting the water of
condensation is also made of such a shape that the free heat of this water will be
given off to the material to be dried.
In an apparatus specially designed for drying granular or pulverulent material
we use for the transport of the material to be dried two endless bands which pass

page_text: over the carrying rollers and are set in motion by any suitable device. The
arrangement off the heating pipes and the like is the same as herein before
described.
For drying fabrics, paper and the like in great lengths the material to be dried
may be conducted through the drying channel in a zig-zag line.
We also employ drying apparatus provided with a rotary drum. The material
to be dried passes through a hopper at one end into the drum adapted to rotate
upon a horizontal axis and made of conical shape, and it leaves the drum through
a pipe at the other end. At the end of the drum, where the material to be dried
leaves this drum, is provided a furnace the heating gases from which circulate
round the druin in several windings. The steam escaping from the material to be
dried is drawn away at the hottest point of the drum through a central pipe which
is in connection with a suction device. In the central pipe the steam condeuses,
yielding its heat to the material to be dried. The water of condensation flows off
at the front end of the drum.
In a somewhat similar arrangement the condensing chamber is not in the interior
of the drum but surrounds the same so as to form a easing or jacket.
Another arrangement comprises a stationary metallic drum surrounded by a
casing. In the intermediate space between the drum and the casing the heating
takes place by heat introduced from the outside. The heating gases pass at one
end of the apparatus into the intermediate space, circulate in spiral windings round
the drum, and escape at the other end. The material to be dried is fed into the
drum at one end by means of a funnel and moved by a conveyor to the other end
of the drum, where it leaves through a discharging device. The steam escaping
from the material to be dried is sucked into the hollow shaft of the conveyor and
circulates through the hollow conveyor on the walls of which it condenses, thus
giving off its heat. The condensed water passes through the conveyor by the
same way and is conducted in the cooled state by the conveyor into the shaft and
to a water outlet. A water column at this outlet balances the suction power
produced.
As the latent and free heat inherent in the evaporated water will almost always
be greater than the heat necessary for the exclusive preliminary heating of the
material including replacing the unavoidable losses it is not possible with the
drying apparatus herein before described to work with the air completely shut off,
if all the heat is to be recovered. In fact it is needful to provide, at the end of
the drying chamber where the material is introduced, air holes to be specially
regulated. Through these holes a moderate regulated air current must be con-
ducted, in the same direction as the material to be dried, through the drying
chamber and then in the opposite direction through the condensing device. By
this means an energetic vaporization of water will be caused in the part of the
drying chamber heated not directly but by condensing bodies.
This air, which enters at the cold end of the drying chamber, becomes gradually
hotter and takes up water until it becomes super-saturated in the hottest part of
the drying chamber, that is to say, becomes mixed with steam. In its return
passage through the condensing device the air, owing to the cooling of the same, is
then freed again from most of the water previously taken up; but it is still
saturated with water when removed from the apparatus. A loss would thus be
occasioned, for the outer air cannot be regarded as being saturated with water.
In order to obviate this loss the opening through which the suction device expels
this air may be set in communication with the cooler end of the drying chuniber
itself, so that no more fresh air will enter from the outside but that the same air
will circulate continually from the cold end of the drying chamber to the hot end
and then through the condensing device back again to the cold end.
In the drying apparatus hereinbefore described the heating. bodies and the
material to be dried are in the same room. We may however separate the heating
bodies from the material to be dried and form several chambers, the partitions
being provided with apertures through which the air is forced in a continuous

page_text: cycle, with a slow forward movement to the next chamber, so that the heat will be
better utilized.
Such an arrangement has a drying channel divided throughout its length by a
partition into two.parts, in one of which the heating bodies are arranged while in
the other the material to be dried is placed. The room designed for the heating
bodies is divided by partitions into several compartments. In accordance with
these partitions we may also arrange partitions in the material to be dried, which
partitious are transported with the material through, the channel.
The room for the material to be dried is closed above, a fan being provided for
each of the compartments which fan causes the heated air to pass from the
compartment through the material to be dried.
As
After the air has passed through the material to be dried and has given off its
heat to the same it returns through apertures to the heating chamber where it is
heated again.
Accordingly the air, in the several compartments formed by the
transverse wall, describes a continuous cycle from the heating bodies to the
material to be dried and from this material back again to the heating bodies.
through openings provided at the cold end of the apparatus a very slow regulated
air current passes through the entire drying channel from the cold to the hot end,
the air will be conveyed in very short spiral windings through the drying channel
so that the beat is given off in a very complete manner.
Instead of effecting the separation of the several compartments by partitions the
compartments may also be separated by spaces from each other, the communication
between them being established by suitable channels.
The several rooms, instead of being side by side, may also be arranged one above
the other. Such an arrangement is particularly designed for drying pulverulent
or granular substances or for evaporating liquid substances.
In this arrangement we provide for instance four compartments one above the '
other, each of them being divided by a longitudinal partition into two rooms, one
of which serves for the heating device and the other for the material to be
dried.
In each partition is arranged a fan which forces the air from the heating room
into the drying room, whereupon it returns through a channel into the heating
room. In the lowest compartment is arranged the furnace the gases from which
pass through the room in many windings and are then conducted to the outside.
The vapour produced is drawn off through a pipe and then conducted through
another pipe through all the heating chambers. In each drying room is a conveyor
drum for the reception and transport of the material to be dried or of the liquid to
be evaporated. The material to be dried or the liquid passes through a funnel
into the upper drum, is conducted through the latter and falls through the aperture
into the drum below. In this manner the material to be dried is transported
through all the drying chambers until it leaves the apparatus through the opening
at the lower end of the latter, an extremely intensive utilization of the heat taking
place.
The evaporation of liquids effected in this drying apparatus is essentially
different from that which takes place in the apparatus heretofore used, in which
the steam drawn from an evaporating vessel is employed for heating a second
evaporating vessel. Whereas in the latter apparatus the heating bodies are com-
pletely surrounded by the liquid to be evaporated, so that the heat is given off
directly to the liquid, in the present apparatus the condensing pipes heated by the
waste steam yield their heat to the air surrounding them, this air being then
brought into intimate-contact with the liquid to be evaporated; the liquid is more-
over transported either continually or periodically, in order to pass gradually from
the coldest part of the apparatus to the hottest part, the evaporation being
considerably accelerated by the continuous cycle of the air.
In another apparatus the material to be dried is stationary, while the drying
device is moved. The apparatus consists in this case of a circular chamber adapted
to run on rails and divided by a concentric partition into an inner and an outer

page_text: compartment. By radial partitions we provide several chambers in which fans
maintain a continuous cycle of the air from the heating chamber into the drying
chamber and hack again. The material to be dried is likewise arranged in a circle
so that in the slow turning movement of the drying device the hottest part of the
same will be caused to pass slowly over each portion of the material.
In lieu of the partitions which are moved with the material to be dried through
the drying channel, we may also arrange fixed partitions in the same so that it
is divided into several chambers.
'
An arrangement of this kind comprises a drying channel provided throughout
its length with a partition and divided by fixed partitions into a number of separate
chambers. In each of these compartments we maintain by a fan a continuous
cycle of the air from the heating pipes to the material to be dried and from the
latter back again to the heating pipes. In order that the air current passing
through an aperture into the coldest chamber may flow in a regulated manner to
the hottest end of the apparatus we provide in the fixed partitions apertures
through which the air moves from the coldest to the hottest compartment in a
continuous cycle in the several compartments.
As in this arrangement the material to be dried cannot be transported by
continuous motion through the whole drying channel, each compartment is provided
with a door adapted to be closed and through which the material can be introduced
and discharged or brought from a colder to a warmer compartment.
Instead of arranging the several compartments directly side by side they may
be separated from each other by spaces, in which case channels or the like take
the place of the aforesaid apertures.
In such an arrangement having several compartments separated from each other
by spaces the operation takes place with exclusion of the outer air, so that the
vapour generated in one chamber from the material by direct heating is drawn off
through a pipe and conducted through a condensing or heating body of a second
chamber in which it condenses. The second chamber is completely shut off from
the outer air and is only connected by the said pipe with the condensing body of a
third chamber with which an air pump or the like is connected for rarefying the
air in the second chamber so that in this chamber the evaporation of the water
from the material to be dried takes place at a lower temperature than in the first
chamber. From the last chamber the air is drawn off directly from the drying
chamber.
Dated this 30th day of April 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.;
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Drying and Evaporating
Apparatus.
We, Dr. CARL GUSTAV JOBST MÖLLER, of 19 Friedrich-Wilhelmstrasse,
Berlin, Manufacturer, and Professor PAUL PFEIFER, of Brunswick, Govern-
ment Architect, both in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained, in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to drying and evaporating apparatus.
By means of our improved apparatus any moist materials or liquids are
artificially dried or evaporated in such a manner that the latent and free heat,
inherent in the water escaping as steam from the material during the drying or in
the vapours escaping from the liquid, is recovered by the condensation of the said

page_text: which is still hot is used in like manner.
6
In the drying apparatus heretofore employed the material to be dried is
subjected to an air current whose capacity for taking up water is increased by.
direct heating; the latent and free heat inherent in the steam escaping from the
material is however lost.
According to our aforesaid invention the heat of the steam escaping from the
material to be dried is utilized by drawing it from the hottest point of the drying.
chamber and using it by means of suitable pipes for heating the colder parts of
the drying chamber.
Various constructional forms or arrangements of such a drying apparatus are
represented in the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of one form of our drying apparatus.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same.
Figure 3 is a partial horizontal section of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a modified form of our drying apparatus.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of an apparatus for drying paper fabrics and
the like in great lengths.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of a drying apparatus provided with a rotary
drum.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of an apparatus in which the condensing
chamber is outside the drum.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of another form of drying apparatus.
Figure 9 is a longitudinal section of a drying apparatus in which the heating
bodies aro separated from the material to be dried.
Figure 10 is a sectional plan thereof.
Figure 11 is a vertical transverse section of the same.
Figure 12 is a vertical section through the heating chamber of a modified form.
of apparatus in which the several compartments are arranged one above the
other.
Figure 13 is a vertical transverse section of the same.
Figure 14 is a vertical section through the drying chamber.
Figure 15 is a vertical section of a modified form of apparatus in which the
material to be dried is stationary while the drying device is operated.
Figure 16 is a sectional plan of Figure 15.
Figure 17 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of apparatus in which
fixed partitions are used in the drying chamber.
Figure 18 is a plan of the same.
Figure 19 is a transverse section of Figure 17.
Figure 20 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of apparatus in which the
several chambers are divided by spaces and connected by pipes or the like.
Figure 21 is a sectional plan of the same and
Figure 22 is a transverse section of Figure 20.
In one arrangement, shown in Figures 1 to 3 we provide a drying channel A
adapted to be closed at its two extremities by doors c, c¹. The material to be
dried is placed upon trucks running upon rails, and is moved in steps through the
said drying channel.
At the end of the drying channel, where the dried materials leave the same, is
arranged a furnace e the heated gases from which pass through heating pipes
having many bends and arranged in the drying channel, and are then conducted to
the outside. By this furnace the drying channel is heated to such a degree that
all the water to be removed from the material will be evaporated.
In the part of the drying channel, which is heated most strongly we arrange
suction pipes g through which the water evaporated from the material to be dried
is drawn and conveyed to the outside at through a pipe f. On its way through
the said pipe made of suitable shape and extended as much as practicable, the
steam condenses on the metallic walls of this pipe thus yielding its latent and free
1.

page_text: heat to the material to be dried. At the outlet end of the pipe is placed a fan,
chinney or the like.
The water condensed in the pipe ƒ is conducted in a special water pipe i to the
coldest end of the channel and is there removed through an overflow-pipe k or
through any other suitable water seal. The pipe for conducting the water of
condensation is also made of such a shape that the free beat of this water will be
given off to the material to be dried.
In Figure 4 is represented an apparatus specially designed for drying granular
or pulverulent material. For transporting the material to be dried we use in this
case two endless bands a¹ a which pass over the carrying rollers 6 and are set in
motion by any suitable device. The material to be dried is introduced through the
openings d and is transported to the opposite end of the apparatus by means of
the said bands a' a' where it is removed through the outlets. The arrangement
of the heating pipes and the like is similar to that represented in Figures 1 to 3.
For drying fabrics, paper and the like in great lengths the material to be
dried may be conducted through the drying channel in the manner illustrated in
Figure 5.
A drying apparatus provided with a rotary drum is represented in Figure 6.,
The material to be dried passes at d into the drum A adapted to rotate upon a
horizontal axis and made of conical shape, and the said material leaves the drum
through the pipe d' at the opposite end thereof. At the delivery end of the drum,
where the material to be dried leaves the same, is provided a furnace e, the
heating gases from which circulate round the drum in several windings or
convolutions. The steam escaping from the material to be dried is drawn away
at the hottest point of the drum at g through the central pipe which is in
connection with a suction device at . In the pipe f the steam condenses, yielding
its heat to the material to be dried. The water of condensation flows off at i at
the front or feed end of the drum.
In Figure 7 is represented a similar arrangement which differs from that shown
in Figure 6 only by the fact that the condensing chamber f is not in the interior
of the drum but surrounds the same so as to form a casing or jacket.
Another arrangement, which is represented in Figure 8, comprises a stationary
metallic drum A surrounded by a casing B. In the intermediate space between
the drum and the casing the heating takes place by heat introduced from the
outside. The heating gases pass at into the intermediate space, circulate in
spiral windings round the drum A, and escape at el. The material to be dried is
fed into the drum by means of the funnel or hopper d and moved by the
conveyor B to the other end of the drum, where it leaves through the discharging
device j. The steam escaping from the material to be dried is drawn by suction
at h into the hollow shaft of the conveyor through holes g and is condensed therein.
The condensed water passes at s¹ into the conveyor B₁ and is moved on in the
same direction as the material to he dried until it passes at s¹¹ behind the wall r
shutting off the shaft of the conveyor into the rear end of this shaft and is
conducted into the water outlet k. The water column contained in the same
balances the suction power acting at h.
g
As the suction power acting at the end h of the water pipe has a rarefying
action upon the air surrounding the material to be dried through the interior of
the pipe by the openings 9 at the hot end, we provide at the cold end of the drying
room controllable air holes through which a small current of air passes from
the cold end of the drying channel to the hot end, in order to then pass, being
saturated or super-saturated with steam, into the water pipe whereupon it is
conducted again to the interior of the water pipe to the cold end, being deprived
of the water it contains by cooling. These controllable holes are indispensably
necessary for as complete a recovery as possible of the heat inherent in the water
evaporated at the hot end, because if at the cold end too great.a quantity of air
enters and passes to the hot end it will not be completely saturated with steam in
its passage. This is however necessary in order that directly after the entrance

page_text: of this current of air into the interior of the water pipe a condensation of the
steam will take place at the hot end of the drying room under the cooling action
of the material to be dried..
In the drying apparatus herein before described the heating bodies and the:
material to be dried are in the same room. We may however separate the heating
bodies from the material to be dried and form several chambers, the partitions.
being provided with apertures through which the air is forced in a continuous'
cycle, with a slow forward movement to the next chamber, so that the heat will!
be better utilized.
This modified form of apparatus is shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11.
The drying channel A is divided throughout its length by a partition into
two parts, in one of which the heating bodies are arranged, while in the other
the material to be dried is placed. The chamber designed for the heating bodies.
is divided by partitions a into several compartments A', A³, A', A. In
accordance with these partitions we may also arrange partitions a' Figure 10 in
the material to be dried, which partitions are transported with the material
through the channel.
The chamber for the material to be dried is closed above a fan p being
provided for each of the compartments A' A' A³ A' which fan causes the heated:
air to pass from the compartment through the material to be dried.
After the air has passed through the material and has given off its heat to the
same it returns through apertures to the heating chamber where it is again
heated. Accordingly the air, in the several compartments formed by the
transverse walls, describes a continuous cycle from the heating bodies to the
material to be dried and from this material back again to the heating bodies.
As through openings provided at the cold end of the apparatus a very slow
regulated air current passes through the entire drying channel from the cold to:
the hot end, the air will be conveyed in very short spiral windings through the:
drying channel so that the heat is given off in a very complete manner.
form of apparatus is also provided with a furnace e, suction pipe ƒ and g .and:
pipe i as above described.
1
This..
Instead of effecting the separation of the several compartments by partitions the
compartments may also be separated by spaces from each other, the communication.
between them being established by suitable channels.
The several compartments, instead of being side by side, may also be arranged
one above the other. Such an arrangement is particularly designed for drying
pulverulent or granular substances or for evaporating liquid substances.
modified form of apparatus is shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14.
This
In this arrangement we provide for instance four compartments A', A' A³ A* one*
above the other, each of which is divided by a longitudinal partition into two other
compartments one of which serves for the heating device and the other for the
material to be dried.
)
In each partition is arranged a fan p which forces the air from the heating
compartment or chamber into the drying compartment or chamber, whereupon it:
returns through a channel q into the heating chamber. In the lowest compartment:
is arranged the furnace e the gases from which pass through the said compartment.
in many windings and are then conducted to the outside. The vapour produced is
drawn off through the pipe g and then conducted by the pipe through all the
heating chambers. In each drying chamber is a conveyor drum t t t and t for
the reception and transport of the material to be dried or of the liquid to be
evaporated. Each of these drums has a transporting screw for conveying the:
material from the inlet end to the outlet end of the said drum. The material to be
dried or the liquid passes through the funnel d into the upper drum t, is conducted
through the latter and falls through the aperture q into the drum below. In
this manner the material to be dried is transported through all the drying chambers*
until it leaves the apparatus through the opening d³, an extremely intensive
utilization.of the heat taking place..

page_text: The evaporation of liquids effected in this drying apparatus is essentially
different from that which takes place in the apparatus heretofore used, in which the
steam drawn from an evaporating vessel is employed for heating a second
evaporating vessel. Whereas in the latter apparatus the beating bodies are
completely surrounded by the liquid to be evaporated, so that the heat is given off
directly to the liquid, in the present apparatus the condensing pipes heated by the
waste steam yield their heat to the air surrounding them, this air being then
brought into intimate contact with the liquid to be evaporated; the liquid is
moreover transported either continually or periodically, in order to pass gradually
from the coldest to the hottest part of the apparatus, the evaporation being
considerably accelerated by the continuous cycle of the air.
Figures 15 and 16 represent an apparatus in which the material to be dried is
stationary, while the drying device is moved. The apparatus consists in this case
of an incomplete circular chamber adapted to run on rails and divided by a
concentric partition into an inner and an outer compartment. By radial partitions
we provide several chambers in which the fans p maintain a continuous cycle of the
air from the heating chamber into the drying chamber and back again. The
material to be dried is likewise arranged in a circle so that in the slow turning
movement of the drying device the hottest part of the same will be caused to pass
slowly over each portion of the material.
.
In lieu of the partitions which are moved with the material to be dried through
the drying channel, we may also arrange fixed partitions in the same, so that it is
divided into, several chambers.
Such an arrangement is represented in Figures 17 18 and 19.
The drying channel is provided throughout its length with the partition and
divided by the fixed partitions all into a number of separate chambers. In each of
these compartiments we maintain by a fan p a continuous cycle of the air from the
heating pipes to the material to be dried and from the latter back again to the
beating pipes. In order that the air current passing through the aperture / into
the coldest chamber inay flow in a regulated manner to the hottest end of the
apparatus we provide in the fixed partitions apertures through which the air
moves from the coldest to the hottest compartment in a continuous cycle in the
several compartments.
As in this arrangement the material to be dried cannot be transported by
continuous motion through the whole drying channel, each compartment is
provided with a door c" adapted to be closed and through which the material can
be introduced and discharged or brought from a colder to a warmer compartment.
Instead of arranging the several compartments directly side by side they may be
separated from each other by spaces, in which case channels or the like take the
place of the apertures .
This arrangement is shown in Figures 20, 21, and 22 in which the several
compartments A'A' A' are separated from each other as above mentioned. The
operation takes place with exclusion of the outer air, so that the vapour generated
in the first chamber A' from the material by direct heating is drawn off through
the pipe and conducted through a condensing or heating body f of the second
chamber A in which it condenses. The second chamber is completely shut off
from the outer air and is only connected by the pipe 9' with the condensing body f
of the third chamber A³ with which an air pump or the like is connected for
rarefying the air in the second chamber A so that in this chamber A³ the
evaporation of the water from the material to be dried takes place at a lower
temperature than in the first chamber A. From the last chamber the air is drawn
off directly from the drying chamber by a pump or the like " as represented in A'.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. A drying or evaporating apparatus in which, by means of a heating

page_text: device provided at one end of the drying channel, the material to be dried is heated
until its moisture has been completely evaporated and the vapour is drawn off at
the hottest point and conducted to the cold end of the drying channel for the
purpose of utilizing the entire heat of the evaporated water for the drying.
Second. In drying or evaporating apparatus the use of controllable air holes I
(Figures 8 and 9) provided at the cold end of the drying channel for the purpose
of so regulating the quantity of air to be conducted into the drying room that the
air passing to the hot end will be completely saturated with steam, so that a
condensation of the steam takes place during the entrance of this current of air
into the interior of the water pipe at the hot end of the drying room under the
cooling action of the material to be dried.
Third. In drying or evaporating apparatus a hollow rotary heating coil B₁
Figure 8 which serves for conveying the material to be dried from the cold to the
hot end of the drying room, where the vapour is drawn off by the hollow conveyor
shaft while the condensed water passes at the cold end of the drying room into the
heating coil and is conducted by the same to the hot end where it is conducted to
the outside.
Fourth. In drying or evaporating apparatus the mode of connecting the outlet.
pipe of the device for drawing off the air with the cooler part of the drying
room in such a manner that the air necessary for evaporating the water from the
material to be dried circulates continually in the drying room and in the condensing
device.
Fifth. In drying or evaporating apparatus the arrangement of a partition
between the heating bodies and the material to be dried, a cycle of air
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel being established from the
heating bodies to the material to be dried and back by means of fans.
Sixth. In drying or evaporating apparatus the arrangement of fixed partitions,.
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel, in the heating and condensing
room, and of corresponding partitions in the material to be dried, which are moved.
along with this material.
Seventh. In drying or evaporating apparatus the arrangement of the
compartments produced by the partitions either side by side or one above the
other.
Eighth. In drying or evaporating apparatus the arrangement of a circular
movable chamber passing over the stationary material to be dried which is likewise
arranged in a circle.
Ninth. In drying or evaporating apparatus the arrangement of stationary
partitions provided with apertures for the passage of the air, and of lateral doors.
in the several chambers for the introduction and discharge of the material to be:
dried.
Tenth. In drying or evaporating apparatus the separation by a space from each
other of the several chambers formed by the partitions in such a manner that the
steam generated from the material to be dried in the first chamber will pass
through the condensing bodies in the second chamber, and that the steam
generated from the material to be dried in the second chamber will pass through
the condensing bodies in the third chamber and so on, all the chambers being
completely shut off from the outer air, in the several chambers being produced a
greater reduction of pressure from chamber to chamber by air pumps connected
with the condensing bodies of the following chamber.
Dated this 26th don of Janu1805
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.