IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SIZING WARPS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SIZING WARPS."-A
communication from abroad by Jules Groshens, of Paris, in the
Republic of France.
Scaled the 27th April 1875, and dated the 3rd November 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 3rd November 1874.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SIZING
WARPS," to be as follows:-
=
This Invention relates to an improved system and apparatus for
applying size to warps, and is applicable to all kinds of sizing systems,
inasmuch as one of the main features of the improved apparatus is the
use of a separate vat or vessel for heating or warming the size, and

page_text: which is connected to the sizing vessel in such a manner that the latter
will be supplied with size automatically and a continuous circulation of
the size throughout the apparatus will be effected. At the same time
the warp will be prepared to receive the size by being previously
moistened or damped by means of steam.
One of the objects of the Invention is to completely avoid the
necessity of supplying the sizing vessel from time to time by hand with
fresh and unprepared cold size. Instead of this the cold size is poured
or emptied (as it may be required) into a separate and smaller vessel
arranged parallel to or alongside of the large sizing vessel. At the
bottom of this smaller vessel there is a pipe perforated with holes and
supplied with steam. In this additional vessel (which may be of any
convenient form and dimensions) the size is subjected to heat from the
steam supplied to the perforated pipe above mentioned. The heating
vessel and the sizing vessel are connected together by means of a short
pipe at a point below the lowest level of the liquid size in the apparatus.
The warp to be sized is conducted by the warping rollers over the open
top of the heating vessel, and thereby becomes moistened or damped
by the steam arising from the heating vessel, and being thus damped is
in a proper state to receive the size, and as the size is taken up by the
warp in the sizing operation a gentle flow of warm size takes place from
the heating vessel to the sizing vessel.
As a further means of promoting the circulation of the size and of
maintaining it always at the same level heat and density throughout
the apparatus there is another pipe which extends from nearly the
bottom of the heating vessel to the top and over the side thereof to the
sizing vessel. Into the lower end of this pipe is introduced a steam jet
from the steam pipe below, and this steam jet, acting like a Giffard's
injector, carries over a certain amount of the liquid size and deposits it in
the sizing tank. The warp properly spread over the conducting rollers
is carried down into and out of the liquid size, of which it takes up
the required quantity. It then passes between two pressing rollers,
which
squeeze out
any excess of liquid from the warp. A similar steam
jet arrangement is adapted to the short pipe which connects the heating
and sizing vessels so as to prevent or remove any obstruction in such
pipe.

page_text: •
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd May 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward Newton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED Apparatus
FOR SIZING WARPS," being a communication to me from abroad by
Jules Groshens, of Paris, in the Republic of France, upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say) :-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of apparatus for
applying size to warps, and is applicable to various kinds of sizing
operations, inasmuch as one of the main features of the improved

page_text: apparatus is the combination of a separate vat or vessel for heating or
warming the size with the sizing vessel with which it is connected in
such a manner that the latter will be supplied with size automatically as
it is taken up by the passing warp and a continuous circulation of the
size throughout the apparatus will be effected. At the same time the
warp will be prepared to receive the size by being previously moistened
or damped by means of steam.
One of the objects of the Invention is to completely avoid the
necessity of supplying the sizing vessel from time to time by hand with
fresh and unprepared cold size. Instead of this the cold size is poured
or emptied (as it may be required) into a separate and smaller vessel
which is arranged parallel to or alongside of the large sizing vessel. At
the bottom of this smaller vessel there is a pipe perforated with holes
and supplied with steam for the purpose of heating the contents of this
additional vessel, which may be of any convenient form and dimensions.
The size is by this means subjected to heat from the steam supplied to
the perforated pipe above mentioned, and as the heating vesssel and the
sizing vessel are connected together by means of a short pipe at a point
below the lowest level of the liquid size in the apparatus the sizing
vessel is kept constantly supplied with hot size. The warp to be sized is
conducted by the warping rollers over the open top of the heating
vessel, and thereby becomes moistened or damped by the steam arising
from the heating vessel, and being thus damped the warp will be in a
proper state to receive the size when it is passed into the other or larger
vessel. As the size is taken up by the warp in the sizing operation a
gentle flow of warm size takes place from the heating vessel to the sizing
vessel, as the two vessels are connected together.
As a further means of promoting the circulation of the size and of
maintaining it always at the same level heat and density throughout
the apparatus there is another pipe which extends from nearly the
bottom of the heating vessel to the top and over the side thereof to the
sizing vessel. Into the lower end of this pipe is introduced a steam jet
from the steam pipe below, and this steam jet, acting like a Giffard's
injector, carries over a certain amount of the liquid size and deposits it in
the sizing tank. The warp properly spread over the conducting rollers
is carried down into and out of the liquid size, of which it takes up
the required quantity. It then passes between two pressing rollers,
which squeeze out any excess of liquid from the warp. A similar steam

page_text: jet arrangement is adapted to the short pipe which connects the heating
and sizing vessels so as to prevent or remove any obstruction in such
pipe....
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a longitudinal clevation or
side view of the warp sizing machine constructed according to the
Invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same taken on the
line 1, 2, of Fig. 1, and shows the smaller vessel or vat; Fig. 3 is a plan
view of the same; and Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the smaller
vessel drawn on an enlarged scale.
. A¹ is the small or size heating tank, which is placed alongside of the
large tank A. It is about the same width as the large tank and rests on
two iron supports B, B', which also support a corner of the large tank A..
The tank A is supplied with high-pressure steam by the pipe C, which
conducts it to the perforated pipe G, the length of which is equal to that
of the rollers of the warping frame. The warp X, which is drawn
towards A, passes immediately over the heating vessel A', and it will
therefore be easily understood that the column of vapor which escapes
from the hot size will penetrate through the warp and damp it before it
passes into the sizing vessel.
The automatic feed of the size into the large vat or sizing vessel A and
the circulation of the size throughout the system is effected in the
following manner:-The hydrostatic communication and the height of
the levels in the two vessels A, A', is ensured by means of the pipe D,
Fig. 4, which unites the two vessels A, A¹, together below the lowest
level of the liquid in the respective vessels. The larger vessel A is fed
from the smaller vat A¹ by the pipe E, Figures 2 and 3, which starts
about four inches above the level of the bottom of the vat A¹, and passes
over into A and pours the size into any convenient part of the vessel A
above the level of the size. This operation is effected by means of a jet
of steam from the large perforated tube G, and which steam when
injected into the interior of E by the small injector F will carry a certain
portion of the size with it. The same arrangement of steam jet and
injector exists in the pipe D for the purpose of preventing any obstruction
from remaining in such pipe. By this arrangement it will be seen that
all the size delivered into the tank A by the pipe E (and which is not
taken up by the warp or its equivalent) will return to the small tank
by the pipe. D, thus causing a circulation in the size, which would

page_text: equalize its quality throughout the apparatus. The pipe D may be
placed in any suitable part of the apparatus, such as indicated in red ink
at D², Figures 2 and 3 in the Drawing, provided always that there are
also one or two feed pipes E and E', as shewn in red ink in the
Drawing.
Having now described this Invention of "Improved Apparatus for
Sizing Warps," as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I
claim as the Invention secured to me by the above in part recited Letters
Patent,-
First. The combination with the sizing vessel A of a smaller vessel A',
in which the size is heated previously to being delivered into the sizing
vessel A, as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Second. The arrangement of the pipes D, D³, and E, E¹, in combination
with the steam jets or injectors or equivalent devices for effecting the 1
automatic supply of the size from the heating vessel to the sizing vessel,
as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy- 2
five.