IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR DOMESTIC AND OTHER Drennana
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Standing, of 4, Nassau Street, in the City of
Dublin, Ireland, Gas Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR DOMESTIC AND OTHER
Drennana"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Standing at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th September 1880.
WILLIAM STANDING, of 4, Nassau Street, in the City of Dublin, Ireland, Gas
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR HEATING
WATER FOR DOMESTIC AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to the construction of apparatus into which water is
delivered at an upward pressure, and broken up in the form of spray or dense
vapour, or otherwise, in a finely or thinly divided condition, and whilst in this
state descends and is brought into direct contact with heat.
It consists of an outer casing or cylinder of metal or other suitable substance.
Within this is placed another metal casing or cylinder, a space being left between
them. Both these cylinders or casings rest on an iron or other metal base forming
the chamber for the burner. I generally use a "Fletcher's" solid flame burner,
but other suitable forms can be adopted. To the top of the inner casing I attach a
cover having an annular or other suitable ventilating space round it, and to the
outer casing I attach a cover having a ventilating orifice or orifices usually in the
centre. Attached to or carried by the inner casing I arrange a number of conical
louvres, the top one being a complete cone (open at the bottom), and the rest being
the frustrums of cones increasing in size downward, and placed with their lower edges
of one overlapping the top of the next, a space for the circulation of heat being left
between each. The sides of the lowest cone are of course closed to prevent the
water reaching the burner. Within the inner casing (generally attached to one of
the cones) I place a tubular ring perforated with fine orifices and attached to the
inlet pipe. A suitable escape cock for the heated water is provided.

page_text: The burner being lighted water is admitted under pressure into the tubular
perforated pipe, from whence it is projected against the top or cover of the inner
casing, and broken into spray or dense vapour. This falling against the highly
heated cones (between the spaces of which the heat is rising) and also the heated
sides of the casing, instantly absorbs a large quantity of heat, and is elevated to a
considerable temperature. The cones prevent the water reaching the flame, and
overcome the difficulties that arise from condensation in other water heating
apparatus.
The inner cover having a constant stream of water playing on it is kept at a
low temperature, and thus absorbs the maximum of heat.
The water as heated can be drawn off through the exit cock for use in baths
and other domestic or useful purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Standing in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th March
1881.
WILLIAM STANDING, of 4, Nassau Street, in the City of Dublin, Ireland, Gas
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR HEATING
WATER FOR DOMESTIC AND OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to the construction of apparatus into which water is
delivered at an upward pressure, and broken up in the form of spray or dense
vapour, or otherwise, in a finely or thinly divided condition, and whilst in this
state descends and is brought into direct contact with heat.
It consists of an outer casing or cylinder of metal or other suitable substance.
This cylinder or casing rests on an iron or other metal base forming the chamber
for the burner. I generally use a "Fletcher's solid flame burner," but other suitable
forms can be adopted.
To the top of the casing I attach a cover having an annular or other suitable
ventilating space round it, and fixed to the casing above this I attach a cover having
a ventilating orifice or orifices usually in the centre.
Attached to or carried by the casing I arrange a number of conical louvres, the
top one being a complete cone (open at the bottom), and the rest being the
frustrums of cones increasing in size downwards, and placed with the lower edges
of one overlapping the top of the next, a space for the circulation of heat being
left between each. The sides of the lowest cone are of course closed to prevent the
water reaching the burner. Within the casing (encircling one of the cones) I place
a tubular ring perforated with fine orifices or needle holes and attached to the
inlet water pipe.
A suitable escape pipe for the heated water is provided.
The burner being lighted water is admitted under pressure into the tubular per-
forated pipe, from whence it is projected against the top of the casing and broken
into spray or dense vapour.
This spray or vapour in descending through a highly heated chamber absolves
a large quantity of heat, and is raised to a considerable temperature.
The cones prevent the water reaching the flame, and overcome the difficulties
that arise from condensation in other water heating apparatus.
The inner cover having a constant stream of water playing on it is kept at a
low temperature, and thus absorbs the maximum of heat.
The water as heated can be drawn off through the exit pipe for use in baths and
other domestic or useful purposes.

page_text: H is the inner cover advantageously having a number of nipples or projections
on its lower surface, against which the streams or jets of water strike and are
converted into dense spray.
I, I, is an annular ventilating space or orifice.
J is the upper cover with perforated top or centre.
K, K, stays or rods attaching H to this cover.
It will be seen that my Invention is capable of considerable modification
without departing from the principle thereof.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the best mode
known to me of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not
claim broadly the principle of heating water by direct contact of heat, but what I
believe to be novel and original, and desire to claim under the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The construction of water heating apparatus in which the water issuing
upward under pressure in fine jets or streams strikes against a dash plate or solid
abutment, and is thereby broken into spray, which descends in contact with heated
air from a flame or flames rising between superposed conical louvres or diaphragms
as described.
Secondly. In a water heating apparatus the use of conical louvres E, E, for the
purposes described.
Thirdly. In combination with the casing A, jet pipe F, and louvres E, E, the
dash plate or abutment H, for the purposes described.
Fourthly. The general arrangement and combination of water heating apparatus,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Standing, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
W. KAYE PARRY, C.E.,
Office for Patents,
4, Nassau St.,
Dublin.
WILLIAM STANDING,
(L.S.)