Improved Method of and Apparatus for Spinning Textile Fibres.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of and Apparatus for Spinning Textile Fibres.
I, GUSTAV ADOLF KRUSCHE, of Wiedzew, near Lodz, Master Spinner, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It has hitherto been the practice in spinning-mills to bring the sliver to a
coarse roving frame where it is twisted and wound then to send it to a medium
and to a fine roving frame where it is treated in the same way, and sometimes
also a larger number of roving frames are used. The product obtained in this
way is then sent to the spinning machine where it is again treated. For this
method a large number of machines were required, and these being complicated
were of great value and represented a considerable outlay of capital. Moreover
each machine required at least two persons to look after it and hence there was
a further large expenditure for wages.
The object of the present invention is to reduce the number of machines
whilst obtaining exactly the same product as with the former method.
This end is attained by my new method, for the winding required by each
flyer may be dispensed with because, after it leaves the first set of drawing
rollers the sliver may by means of a special arrangement receive a false twist,
or undergo such a friction that, in consequence of the compression the fibres
hold together so fast that they may be carried to a second or even a third set of
drawing rollers. This direct transporting of the cotton from one set of drawing
rollers to another is made possible by the suitable arrangement of the apparatus
producing the twist. The materials prepared in this way are then ready to go to
the spinning machine. As however this would bring about al considerable
increase in the drawing implements and a corresponding increase in expenses
it is advisable to intercalate one or more roving frames, according to require-
ments, the spools of which may be used on the spinning machine.
With regard to the setting up of flyers and sets of drawing rollers various
combinations may be made and therefore the present description sets forth only
examples showing how the process may be carried out.
;
The machine employed in this instance possesses two sets of drawing rollers.
The sliver is fed to the first set of drawing rollers where it is treated as usual.
Instead of being immediately wound the yarn is at once sent to a second set of
drawing rollers. To allow this there is placed close by the last named set of
drawing rollers an arrangement which twists the yarn so that it is condensed or
compressed and immediately conveyed to the last named set of drawing rollers.
This arrangement may be constructed in several shapes; a good shape is that
of a ring with three holes through which the sliver is drawn. I also employ a

page_text: spindle at the ends of which are holes through which the sliver is made to pass
and by means of which it runs once or more times round the spindle. The spindle
may be provided with a fillet in which the sliver passes. Another arrangement
consists simply of a tube through which the sliver passes and in consequence of
the rotation of the tube it becomes twisted. The same results are obtained
with all these arrangements and without the rotation because then friction alone
suffices to condense or compress and produce the yarn. Briefly, my improve-
ments consist in placing between the several sets of drawing rollers of a spinning
machine a device which, by producing a twist or a strong friction, makes it
possible to condense and produce the yarn.
1
Improved Method of and Apparatus for Spinning Textile Fibres.
I, GUSTAV ADOLF KRUSCHE, of Wiedzew, near Lodz, in the Empire of Russia,
Master Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement: —
My invention relates to an improvement in the process of cotton spinning.
According to the method of spinning hitherto in use the slubbing or sliver from
the cans of the drawing frame is passed into a coarse-roving frame in order to be
herein drawn out, twisted and wound up; after this the cotton coming from
the coarse-roving frame is again operated on by a medium roving frame, and
then by a fine roving frame, and it is sometimes even requisite to use still further
roving frames. The product thus obtained is then ready to be further treated
in the spinning machine. The above described process therefore involves a large
number of machines, which in consequence of their complexity represent a large
value and require a very considerable outlay of capital. Moreover, each of the
above mentioned machines requires at least two persons to work it and this again
involves a large outlay for wages.
The object of the present invention consists in the reduction of the number
of preliminary spinning machines, whilst obtaining identically the same product
as has hitherto been produced by the old process.
This object is attained in the new process by obviating the necessity of the
winding up otherwise required on each roving frame by giving the sliver after
leaving the first set of drawing rollers by means of a special device, either a
false or temporary twist, or by subjecting it to such a friction that the fibres in
consequence of the compression thereby occasioned holds together so much that
the sliver can thereon be immediately passed into a second or respectively a
third set of drawing rollers. This direct transport of the cotton from one set
of drawing rollers to another is rendered possible by the special arrangement of
the device giving the twist or causing the friction. The material treated in
this manner is then capable of being immediately passed to a spinning machine.
As, however, a very large number of machines would be necessary and con-
sequently great cost would be occasioned, it is preferable to make use of one or
more roving frames according to requirements, the bobbins from which are then

page_text: placed upon the spinning machine.. Obviously various combinations in relation
to the interposition of roving frames and compressing apparatus may take place
and the inventor has therefore only set forth in the following description one
combination by way of example, and has illustrated the same diagrammatically
in Figure 1.
The roving frame made use of in the present invention possesses two sets of draw-
ing rollers A, B. The sliver a comes from the cans of the frame into the drawing
rollers A in which it is treated in the usual manner. Instead of being wound
up immediately the sliver is then transported to the second set of rollers B. In
order to render this possible there is provided close to the frame B a device b
of any convenient construction which device imparts to the sliver a temporary
twist or subjects it to friction so that it is compressed and immediately can be
transported to the drawing rollers B. For the organ 6 many constructional
forms may be adopted. Thus in Figure 2 is shewn a spindle having eyes at its
ends, through which the sliver is drawn, being wound once or more around the
spindle. The spindle can, as shewn in Figure 3, possess a screw-thread through
the turns of which the sliver passes.
The modification shewn in Figure 4 consists of a simple tube through which
the sliver passes under friction, so that in consequence of the turning of the
tube it receives a temporary twist. All these various methods are applicable
with the like success even without twisting, because in such case the sliver is
effectively compressed and transported in consequence of the friction which
occurs. The organs shewn in Figs. 2, 3, 4, are illustrated diagrammatically by
way of example; they may be rotated & supported in any convenient manner,
such details forming no essential part of my invention.
The action of the rotary constructional form of the part b is such that the
part of the slivers receives a twist through the rotation of the said piece
during its passage through the same; as, however, the rotation in the part a
is an opposite one to the rotation of the part a¹, the twist is removed again. In
order that the sliver can be conveniently drawn through, the mechanism bis
arranged close to the drawing rollers B. The cotton fibres will consequently
retain a sufficient cohesion in order to be able to resist the tension between the
twisting mechanism and the first pair of rollers of the second set B. After the
sliver has quitted the rollers B the same is twisted as usual and wound up.
Thus a frame is formed which instead of possessing one drawing mechanism has
two thereof, between which the cotton receives a temporary twist. The cops are
then taken to the spinning machines, which machines, however, differ from that
of the systems already known in having also two sets of drawing rollers C and D,
which operate exactly in the same manner as the rollers already described and
between which the cotton is also subjected to a temporary twist.
The advantages which this process offers are very considerable, because as
already stated the capital outlay for the preliminary spinning machines, is very
considerably reduced. If one set of drawing rollers more is requisite for the
spinning machines there is nevertheless a very considerable saving attained over
the present system requiring numerous preliminary spinning machines. By
reducing the machines the number of attendants is also reduced and further there
is a special advantage in that the material is worked much more quickly,
because it is only necessary to wind it up once and the sliver passes immediately
from one set of rollers to another. Further there is also a reduction of the
number of cops required and very considerable saving in space and labour.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The improvement in the process of cotton spinning consisting essentially
in the interposition between two sets of drawing rollers of a preparatory spinning
machine of an apparatus such as (6) for the purposé described.

page_text: 2. The improvement in cotton spinning consisting in imparting to the sliver
or slubbing a temporary twist, or in subjecting the same to a frictional device,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated the 9th day of November 1898.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.