Improvements in Expansion Glands.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 28th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 30th Dec.,
1899
Improvements in Expansion Glands.
We, DONALD BARNS MORISON, of Hartlepool Engine Works, Hartlepool, in
the County of Durham, Engineer, and JAMES SMITH BONNYMAN, of 64, Plasturton
Avenue, Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to expansion glands such as are used for steam pipes
on shipboard and to improvements therein whereby the friction of the packing
is minimised, the construction simplified and facilities afforded for lateral move-
ment. One arrangement of our invention. is as follows:-The pipe for which
rectilinear and lateral movement is required in order to compensate for the
varying length or position due to expansion, vibration or other causes, passes
through and terminates within a gland containing the packing by which steam
is prevented from escaping to the atmosphere. The bore of the gland is conical,
the outer end being a free fit for the pipe, the diameter increasing towards
the centre. This conical space contains the packing which on being subjected
to the pressure of steam is forced towards the apex of the conical space and
so prevents the steam from escaping. The gland may be jointed to a junction
piece and within the gland and extending towards the cone base is a neck
bush in two or more segments. In order to fit a new ring of packing the joint
between the gland and junction piece is broken, the segments removed, and
the ring of packing passed over the pipe end. At the outer end of the gland
there may be a flange for holding the ordinary safety bolts which maintain the
pipe within the gland. The gland may also be jointed at the outer end with its
conical packing space extending inwards.
The packing may be of any suitable material inserted either in a complete
ring or jointed so as to form a ring, but our improved construction consists of
a metallic ring forming the core of a fibrous ring the metallic ring being
preferably of such a diameter as would prevent the free escape of steam in the
event of the fibrous material wearing away.
There may be one or more rings and there may be a metallic spring or springs
used in conjunction with the packing rings.
Dated this 2nd day of March 1899.

page_text: Avenue, Cardiff, in the County of Glamorgan, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be, particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
Our invention relates to improvements in expansion glands such as are used
for steam pipes on shipboard and consists in improvements whereby the friction
of the packing is minimised, the construction simplified and facilities afforded
for longitudinal and lateral movement of the pipes. We attain these objects
by the construction and arrangement of the parts as illustrated and described
in the accompanying drawings where:-Fig. I, is a longitudinal section of the
improved expansion gland as fitted to a range of pipes. Fig. II is a similar.
section showing the joint between the gland and the pipe next it, broken, and
the segments of the neck bush for keeping the packing in place removed to
enable the packing ring to be examined or a new one fitted. Fig. III is a
plan showing one of the segments.
The letters in the three figures correspond. The pipe a for which longitudinal
and lateral movement is required in order to compensate for the varying length
or position due to expansion, vibration or other causes, passes through and
terminates within a gland containing the packing c by which the steam is
prevented from escaping to the atmosphere. The end a of the pipe which
enters the gland may be either part of the pipe a or connected to it by
flanges ², a³, and bolts d or other method of attachment. Below the end of
the pipe a the gland is jointed to the pipe or junction piece e by means of
flanges e and bolts for the like. The bore of the gland b is conical the
outer end being a free fit for the pe end a', the diameter increasing towards
the centre. This conical space contins the packing which on being sub-
jected to the pressure of the steam on its inner side is forced towards the
apex 62 of the conical space and so prevents the steam from escaping. Within
the gland and extending from the cone base is a neck bush in two or more
segments which serve to secure the packing in place. The flanges a² 63 of
the pipe a and gland respectively may be utilized for holding the ordinary
safety bolts which retain the pipe end a¹ within the gland but permit of
the necessary longitudinal and lateral movement of the pipe.
In order to examine the packing or fit a new packing ring joint between the
gland and the pipe e is broken, the gland pushed back and the segments q
of the neck bush removed, as shown in Fig. II. Ready access is thus obtained
to the interior of the gland and to the packing ring c, which, if required
may be passed over the end of the pipe a¹ and removed."
The outer end 2 of the gland forming the conical space for the packing,
may be part of the gland 6 or it may be separate therefrom and attached to
the gland by a flange and bolts or other suitable means.
The packing may be of any suitable material inserted in a complete ring or
jointed so as to form a ring, but our improved construction consists of a
metallic ring forming the core of the fibrous ring c, the metallic ring being
preferably of such a thickness as would prevent the free escape of steam in
event of the fibrous material wearing away.
There may be one or more rings either fibrous or metallic and there may be
a metallic spring or springs used in conjunction with the packing ring or
rings:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:.
1. The combination with two pipe terminals of a gland rigidly secured to
one of said terminals and fitting loosely over the other, the said gland having
a bore tapering outwardly from the pipe terminal to which it is secured to
form an annular space wedge shaped in section between the interfitting parts,

page_text: a packing in said space and means for preventing the separation of said inter-
fitting parts without interfering with reciprocal motion thereof for the purpose
set forth.
2. The combination with two pipe terminals of a gland rigidly secured to one
of said terminals and fitting loosely over the other, the said gland having a
bore tapering outwardly from the pipe terminal to which it is secured to form
an annular space wedge shaped in section between the interfitting parts, pack-
ing in said space consisting of a metallic ring forming the core of a fibrous
ring, and means for preventing the separation of said interfitting parts without
interfering with reciprocal motion thereof for the purpose set forth.
3. Expansion glands as illustrated and described with reference to Figs. I, II
and III.
Dotal 1: Ri