A PLOUGH UPON AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
Year: 1802

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES.
How, of Bovingdon, near Hemel Hempstead, in the County of Herts, Farmer,.
send greeting."
"WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Thirtieth day of
October, in the forty-third year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the
said James How, His especial licence that I, the said James How, during
the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "A PLOUGH UPON AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said James How, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one
calendar month after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by
the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW'YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James How, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and in the following description thereof, that is
to say :-
A, beam rather rising from the coulter hole B; C, fore tuck to hook to the
comm F, and key'd or otherwise, fastened through the beam. D, iron tuck
behind to screw with a nut or otherwise fastned thro' the beam. E, two mold-

page_text: boards opposite each other with two handles, fastened each with two screw pins
and nut; the right hand handle may be left loose if required. G, share with
two mortices and furrow sides to place mold-boards on, and comm F, to cover
the front of both boards. H, H, two fins to cut the earth. The comm F may
be made large, and expanded enough to form the plough for particular purposes
without any mold-boards. This plough may be used with or without wheels
with the usual crook in the beam, as is common to foot plows, and may also
be made without any comm, with a tuck within or without, or within and
without the front of the boards to hook down to a loop in the share, or the
tuck may be made with a knob at bottom, and go thro' a counter-sunk hole in
the body of the share, and key or fasten up to the beam, as in the usual
manner, or may be made to go thro' the beam and screw into the share within
or without, or within and without the front of the boards, which, in this case,
must be well plated round the front to keep them from separating. The
boards, in all cases, must be well plated on the sides to keep them from
wearing, and each to have a plate of iron, commonly called a rice, at bottom,
to fasten to the boards, with a wing each. This plough may be made to
contract or expand by screws to cross from board to board, the screws to be
made threaded at each end, so as to contract or expand regularly both boards
at once, by being turned with a pin, to put thro' holes made in the shank of
the screws; the screws to work into an iron on each board. This plough is to
be regulated at the pillow and beam to pin backward and forward in the
beam, and up and down at the pillow coulter hole, and to be plated round as
usual.
In witness whereof, I, the said James How, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and two.
JAMES HOW (L.S.)