CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CLEANING AND PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF DEPOSITS UPON THE HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John William Lees, of Waterhead Mill, near
Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention
of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CLEANING AND PREVENTING
THE FORMATION OF DEPOSITS UPON THE HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM."
Sealed the 15th November 1864, and dated the 28th May 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John William Lees at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
May 1864.
I, JOHN WILLIAM LEES, of Waterhead Mill, near Oldham, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CLEANING AND PRE-
VENTING THE FORMATION OF DEPOSITS UPON THE HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of cleansing such apparatus as is
used to heat water (before its injection into the boiler) from the incrustations
of soot, dust, and other particles which accumulate thereupon, and which
prevents the apparatus from becoming properly heated.
The Invention relates particularly to that well-known description of heating

page_text: apparatus generally consisting of a series of tubes placed in one of the flues
of the boiler, through which the water circulates, and receiving the heat from
the flues, becomes heated before passing to the boiler.
My improvements consist in the use of jets or currents of steam for the
purpose of removing the said incrustation and deposit, and which may be applied
and directed against the exterior surfaces of the pipes or other heating
apparatus by means of a hollow steam pipe or shaft passing into the flue
and revolving in the midst of the pipes, radiating perforated arms being
connected therewith passing above and beneath the pipes, from which arms
jets of steam are forcibly ejected against the deposit or incrustation on
the pipes, which becomes thereby removed, and is afterwards prevented from
accumulating.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John William Lees in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th November 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WILLIAM LEES, of Waterhead Mill, near Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John William Lees, Her special license that I, the said John
William Lees, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such. others as
I, the said John William Lees, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all.
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CLEANING AND PREVENTING THE
FORMATION OF DEPOSITS UPON THE HEATING APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN BOILERS
FOR GENERATING STEAM," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John William Lees, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in

page_text: the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John William Lees, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of cleansing such apparatus as is
used to heat water (before its injection into the boiler) from the incrustation
of soot, dust, and other particles which accumulate thereupon, and which pre-
vents the apparatus from becoming properly heated.
The Invention relates particularly to that well-known description of heating
apparatus generally consisting of a series of tubes placed in the flues behind
the boiler, through which the water circulates, and receiving the heat from the
flues bocomes heated before passing to the boiler.
The improvements consist in the use of jets or currents of steam for the
purpose of removing or preventing the formation of the said incrustation
or deposit, and which may be applied and directed against the exterior
surfaces of the pipes or other heating apparatus by means of a hollow
steam pipe or shaft passing into the flue and revolving in the midst of
the pipes, radiating perforated arms being connected therewith passing above
and beneath the pipes, from which arms jets of steam are forcibly ejected
against the deposit or incrustation on the pipes, which becomes thereby
removed, and is afterwards prevented from accumulating.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about one inch and a half to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked
thereupon.
Fig. 1 represents a plan view of the heating apparatus, shewing the method
of arranging the several layers or series of pipes so as to confine the passing
heat to the spaces between the flanges; this view also shows (partly in section)
the revolving steam pipe with perforated arms. Fig. 2 is an end view of the
apparatus.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a, a, are the pipes, placed in the main flue, through which
water passes and is conveyed to the boiler, and becomes heated therein by the
waste heat passing from the furnace through the main flue to the chimney;
these pipes are supported, one series above another, by the square flanges
b. b, b, which also for partitions or side walls to the main flue, and in the
inidst of these pipes is a hollow steam shaft c, from which project perforated
arms d. When steam is admitted to the shaft a rotatory motion is given

page_text: thereto by means of the wheel e.or other equivalent; which is turned by hand,
thus giving to the arms da rotatory.or partially rotatory motion, at which time
steam issues therefrom in jets and is. distributed and ejected with sufficient
force against the exterior of the heating pipes to keep them perfectly free from
any exterior deposit which usually prevents the heating of the water to a con-
siderable extent.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim,-
First, the use of jets of steam impinging or acting upon the exterior surface
of water pipes placed in flues to remove deposit therefrom.
Secondly, the novel construction of such heating pipes, having square
flanges at each end so as to support each other without extra framework.
In witness whereof, I, the said John William Lees, have hereunto set
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
my
JNO. W. LEES.
(L.S.)