Improvements in Apparatus for Moistening and Renewing the Air of Rooms.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Jan., 1893-Accepted, 4th Feb., 1893.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Moistening and Renewing the Air
of Rooms.
A communication to me from EUGEN GILLET VON MONTMORE, of Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria, Engineer.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for moistening and renewing
the air of rooms or chambers, and it consists essentially in the combination with a
novel form of construction of atomizing or vaporizing, apparatus of one or more
force pumps or a suitable supply of water and air under pressure, for the purpose
of introducing from outside into the closed chamber or room a fresh current of air
which, while being supplied, is mixed with atomized water. This object is. effected
by means of improved apparatus, of which the following is a description.
The essential feature of one form of the improved spray-diffuser or atomizer
consists in arranging two tubes one inside the other; through the inner tube air is
supplied in a compressed state, and through the other outer tube water is supplied.
Into the front end of the latter tube a perforated ring is inserted or screwed through
the central bore of which ring passes the air-tube, the front end of which is. made
taper. The ring projects forward from the water supply tube and to the forward
end of the said ring a mouth-piece of a tapering shape is screwed, from the inside
surface of which wings project in the shape of ribs. The ring is perforated with
several channels in the direction of its length and the current of air issuing from
the pointed forward end of the inner tube, draws the water through the said passages
of the ring and atomizes the same in such a manner as to form a fine water spray,
or dust.
By combining several of these atomizers, a triplex, or multiplex atomizer may be
formed. In this case the air may be supplied through a common tube from which
branch pipes lead to the several atomizers. In the same manner water may be
supplied through a common tube to the main tube, and thence be branched off
to several atomizers from which the spray is diffused into the atmosphere of
the room..
In a modified form of construction of the atomizer two tubes are arranged one
inside the other (as in the former method of construction already described) and a
perforated ring, surround's the inner tube. A mouth-piece is mounted upon the
forward end of the ring. Both the mouth-piece and the inner tube are perforated
with fine holes at their forward ends. In this case water is supplied through the
central tube, and air through the outer tube. Within the hollow space of the mouth-
piece, water and air will become mixed and be forced out of the fine apertures of
the mouth-piece in the form of a finely divided spray.
This.modified construction like that first described, may be employed to constitute
a multiplex atomizer.
Another form of construction of a multiplex atomizer, consists of a short pipe
entering the side of a hollow slightly tapering. cylinder. Through the passage
leading from the pipe into the cylinder water flows into the latter, passing along
the inner circumference of the same and around a central or axial stud or pin,
whereby, it is forced to take a spiral motion, which leads it up to the point of a
tapering external cap. In consequence of this flow along the smooth inside.surface

page_text: of the cap, the water will issue from a fine aperture at the apex of the said cap, and
form a spray which moistens the atmosphere of the room or chamber to be ventilated.
The spiral motion of the flow of water may be steadied or better determined, if,
instead of providing the cap with a smooth or even inside surface, spiral guide-ways
are provided within it, also the axial stud or pin may be replaced by one having
spiral grooves cut in its circumference, and, further, a hollow ring may be provided
within the hollow cylinder, the said ring having a spiral groove cut in its
circumference, through which spiral groove the water is forced to take a
corresponding spiral flow.
Through all these multiple spiral passages the flowing water is forced to rapidly
turn, as it rushes towards the aperture of the mouthpiece, from which, accordingly
it issues in the form of a finely divided spray.
The pointed forward end of the axial stud or bolt serves also for cleaning the
aperture of the mouth-piece if the latter should become choked by impurities or the
like. In such cases, the said bolt or pin may be pushed forward by its lower end which
projects through the bottom of the cylinder compressing a spring fitted round it;
when the aperture of the mouthpiece has been cleaned by the point of the said pin,
the spring will force the latter back into its normal position. A nut screwed
upon the stud or pin serves to adjust the latter in the proper position within the
hollow cylinder.
Atomizers or spray-diffusers of either of the afore-described modifications, may
conveniently be arranged between a suitable water tank or reservoir or other
suitable water supply, and a pipe or tube, through which fresh air is supplied from
outside into the room or chamber; water and air-pumps may be employed as
additional means to obtain pressure and supply.
In such case one end of the ventilating pipe leads to the open air outside, while
the other end extends into the room to be supplied with fresh, moistened air; and
branch pipes may be employed to better distribute the flow of fresh air over the
room. An air-pump driven by any suitable motor or driving power is provided
to force compressed air into a wind-chest from which leads the air pipe of the
atomizer already described, to which water is also supplied from the tank or
reservoir through another pipe. The atomizer being arranged within the main
ventilating air-pipe, both supplies a moist spray to the room, and serves to draw
fresh air into the pipe from outside, delivering the same to the room.
Or a water force-pump may be combined with a multiplex atomizer together
with an air-pump and spray-diffuser.
In this case water is raised from an open tank or reservoir by means of a pump
and forced through a branched pipe into the multiplex atomizer, which is secured
to the said pipe by means of a short pipe or tube.
The multiplex atomizer, as a whole is suitably arranged in the interior of the
main ventilating pipe.
This combination of water pump and atomizer with the air tube may be used by
itself, but the other combination of air-pump and spray-diffuser may be used in
addition. For this purpose on the side of the main pipe opposite to the water-
pump an air-pump is fixed, consisting of a cylinder and valve-piston, the bottom of
the said cylinder being provided with a valve opening outward and discharging the
compressed air through a pipe into an airtight tank or reservoir partly filled with
water, and serving as a wind-chest. Owing to the pressure of the air within the
said chest, compressed air is forced through the pipe of the atomizer and water
through the water pipe of the latter. The spray is formed as already described
and is blown into the main pipe. The rear end of the water pipe extends down
into the chest or tank nearly to the bottom, and water enters the end of the said
pipe through perforations provided in the same. The air-pipe of the atomizer opens
into the top of the chest or tank, to receive compressed air, as already described.
Another modified form of construction of multiplex atomizer is particularly
adapted for being used in the following combination. Water is raised from the
tank by the pump and forced into the central pipe of the atomizer, while compressed

page_text: air is fed to the said atomizer through the air-pipe from the pump. The spray is
formed by the several branch-pipes in the manner already described.
The main ventilating pipe may be conveniently provided with a hinged flap,
which, by means of a lever may be drawn into the pipe in a manner to stop the
entrance of the outside atmosphere through the said pipe. In such case, the air of
the room enters the pipe through the aperture ordinarily closed by the said flap.
It will be seen that the improved apparatus may consist either
1) Of an air pump combined with a spray-atomizer, or
2) Of a water-force-pump combined with a multiplex atomizer, or
3) Of a water force-pump and multiplex atomizer and an air-pump with spray-
diffuser.
All these devices, in the case of either of the three combinations, are arranged
between a water-reservoir and within or connected to a main air-conduit pipe.
The special combination of parts may be modified in a variety of manners, without
departing from the essential features of the invention.
It is evident, that by each of the several modifications of the invention a spray
of water is introduced into the air-feed-pipe, which carries the moistened air into
the chamber or room to be ventilated. The outside air, drawn into the room not
only becomes thoroughly cleaned of dust and other impurities by its intimate
contact with the finely divided spray of water, but also takes up moisture. The
moisture contained in the air which enters the room, will be dried up by the dry
air within the room, and consequently there will be no moist deposit of visible
amount in the room. Any drops of water, or condensed spray, which collect within
the main ventilating pipe will be drawn off through a discharge valve, and returned
into the water-reservoir.
The water force-pump may be entirely dispensed with, if the water to be introduced
into the atomizer has a sufficient pressure, for instance, if it be derived from a
water-supply pipe under pressure.
In such cases the main ventilating or air-pipe may be combined with one or more
atomizers. The main ventilating pipe is bent into a U-shape, each branch of which
is provided with a multiplex atomizer or spray-diffuser to which water is supplied
under pressure by a connecting pipe from a main conduit. The supply of water
is regulated or shut off by stop-cocks. By means of this arrangement the current
of air traversing the ventilating pipe may be made to pass in either direction.
The pressure required to force the water into the atomizers may further be
obtained through other suitable means, for instance, by the aid of compressed air
and the like.
This way
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Moistening and Renewing the Air
of Rooms.
A communication to me from EUGEN GILLET VON MONTMORE, of Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria, Engineer.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying drawings, that is to say :-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for moistening and renewing
the atmosphere of rooms or chambers and it consists essentially in the combination
with a novel construction of atomizing or vapourizing apparatus of one or several
force-pumps or a suitable supply of water and air under pressure, for the purpose
of introducing from outside into the closed chamber or room a fresh current of air

page_text: which, while being supplied, is mixed with atomized water. This object is attained
by means of improved apparatus of which the following is a full description:
In the accompanying drawings, which are in illustration of the invention,
Figures 1 and 2 represent one modification of the improved atomizer or spray
diffuser,
Figure 3 represents a triplex or multiplex atomizer,
Figures 4 and 5 represent a modification of the atomizer,
Figure 6 is a multiplex atomizer of the kind shewn in Figures 4 and 5,
Fi
Figures 7 and 8 shew another construction of a multiplex:atomizer.
Fi
Figures 7 and 7B are modifications of the construction shewn in Figures 7 and 8,
Figure 9 is a ventilating pipe and flap valve,
Figures 10, 11, and 12, illustrate the combination of an air pump with an atomizer,
Figures 13, 14, 15, and 16, illustrate the combination of a water force pump with
a multiplex atomizer, and also the combination of these parts with an air pump and
spray diffuser,
Figure 17 shews a suitable water pump in detail, and
Figures 18 and 19 serve to illustrate, how, by means of a water conduit, water
may be forced into the ventilating pipe, in combination with one or several
atomizers.
Similar parts are indicated by like letters throughout the several figures of the
drawings.
The various modifications illustrated in the drawings differ from each other, but
they all fulfil the same purpose and have practically the same object i.e. to divide
or atomize the air derived from outside and also the water, into their finest particles,
to mix these particles intimately and to supply the mixture obtained into the
chamber or room. From the following description it will be evident that all the
details and parts of the apparatus form distinct features of one and the same
invention.
.
The devices shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, serve to form a spray; the essential
feature of this spray diffuser or atomizer consists in arranging two tubes one
inside the other through the one tube a¹ air is supplied in a compressed state and
through the other tube c water is fed forward. Into the front end of the 'tube ca
perforated ring d is inserted or screwed, through the central bore of which ring d
passes the air tube a', the forward end of which is taper. The ring d projects from
the water supply tube c and to the forward end of the said ring a mouth piece e of
tapering shape is screwed from the inside surface of which wings project in the
shape of webs or ribs. The ring is perforated by several channels in the
direction of its length and the current of air, issuing from the pointed forward
end of the tube a¹ draws the water through the said passages of the ring and
atomizes the same. in such a manner as to form a fine spray or dust of water.
By combining several of the atomizers a triplex or multiplex atomizer may be
formned, as shewn in Figure 3. In this case the air may be supplied through &
common tube a, from which branch pipes a, a, a, lead to the several atomizers.
In the same manner water may be fed through a common tube b to the main tube c
and thence may branch off to several atomizers e from which the spray is diffused
into the atmosphere of the room.
In Figures 4 and 5 a modification of the construction of the atomizer is shewn.
As in the former construction two tubes a¹ and c are arranged one inside the
other, and a perforated ring & surrounds the inner tube, as shewn and described.
The mouthpiece e is mounted on the forward end of the ring d. Both the mouth-
piecere and tube a¹ are perforated at their forward ends, the perforations of the
tube a being shewn at el. In this case water is supplied through the 'central
tube,a and air through the outer tube.c. Within the hollow space of the mouth-
piece e, water and air will become mixed and be forced out of the fine apertures of
the mouthpiece e in the form of a finely divided spray.
This modified construction like that described before may be employed to .con-
stitute.a multiplex atomizer, as represented in Figure 6. Figures 7 and 8 serve to

page_text: xplain the construction of a multiplex atomizer, which consists of a short pipe i
nd a hollow, slightly tapering cylinder k connected to it. Through the passage
eading from the pipe i into the cylinder k, water flows into the latter, running
long the inside circumference of the same and around a central stud or pin 1,
Figure 7, whereby it is forced to take a spiral motion, which leads up to the point
of a tapering cap n.
In consequence of this flow along the smooth inside surface
of the cap, the water will issue from the fine aperture of the said cap n and form a
spray which moistens the atmosphere of the room or chamber to be ventilated.
The spiral motion of the flow of water may be steadied or better determined if
instead of providing the cap n with a smooth or even inside surface spiral guideways
are provided within the inside faces of the said cap n, as shewn in Figure 74; also
the stud or pin may be replaced by one having spiral grooves cut into its circum-
ference, and further a hollow ring m may be provided within the hollow cylinder k
the said ring m having a spiral groove cut into its circumference through which
spiral groove the water is forced to take a corresponding spiral flow.
Through all these multiple spiral passages the flow of water is forced to rapidly
turn as it rushes towards the aperture of the mouthpiece n from which accordingly
it issues in the form of a finely divided spray.
The pointed forward end of the stud or bolt serves besides for cleaning the
aperture: of the mouthpiece, if the latter should become choked by impurities or
the like. In such cases, the said bolt or pin / may be pushed forward, compressing
the spring o wound on its shaft; when the aperture of the mouthpiece has been
cleaned by the point of the said pin l, the spring o will force the latter back into
its normal position. A nut p screwed on to the stud. or pin 7 serves to adjust the
said pin in the proper position within the hollow cylinder k.
Atomizers or spray producers of either of the above described modifications may
conveniently be arranged between a suitable water tank or reservoir or other
Buitable water-supply, and a pipe or tube, through which fresh air is supplied from
outside into the room or chamber; water and air-pumps may be employed as
additional means to obtain pressure and supply.
Figures 10, 11, and 12, represent the combination of an air pump with one of
the spray-diffusing or atomizing apparatus before described. One end of the
ventilating pipe A leads to the open air outside, while the other end extends into
the room which is to be supplied with fresh moistened air; branch pipes may be
An air pump B
employed to better distribute the flow of fresh air over the room.
driven by any suitable motor or driving power is provided to force compressed air
into a wind chest C from which the air-pipe a leads to the atomizer to which water
is supplied from the tank or reservoir D through.the pipe b. The atomizer being
arranged within the pipe A both supplies a moist spray to the room and works
to draw fresh air into the pipe A from outside, delivering the same to the room.
Figures 13, 14, and 15, serve to illustrate the combination of a waterforce pump
with a multiplex atomizer together with an air-pump and spray diffuser.
Water
raised from an open tank or reservoir D by means of a pump D'
(Figure 17) and forced through a branched pipe (Figure 14) into the multiplex
atomizer, which is secured to the said pipe by means of the short pipe or tube i,
as shewn in Figure 7. The multiplex atomizer, as a whole is suitably arranged
within the ventilating pipe A.
This combination of waterpump and atomizer with the air tube may be used by
itself, but the other combination of airpump and spray diffuser may be additionally
used, as shewn. On the side of the pipe A, opposite to the water pump D', an
air pump B is fixed, consisting of a cylinder and valve piston like in Figure 10,
the bottom of said cylinder is provided with a valve opening outward and dis-
charging the compressed air through the pipe finto an air-tight tank or reservoir C
partly filled with water and serving as a wind-chest. Owing to the pressure of
5 the air within the said chest C, compressed air is forced through the pipe c lof the
atomizer, (Figures 4 and 5) and water through the pipe a' of the same. The spray
is formed as described before and blown into the pipe A. The back end of the

page_text: pipe a extends down into the chest or tank C nearly to the bottom and water
enters into the end of said pipe through perforations provided in the same.
The air-pipe c of the atomizer opens into the top of the chest or tank C, to
receive compressed air, as described.
The construction of the multiplex atomizer, as shewn in Figure 6, is particularly
adapted for being used in the following combination, illustrated by Figures 15
and 16. Water is raised from the tank D by the pump D' and forced into the
central pipe a' of the atomizer, while compressed air is fed to the said atomizer
through the outside pipe c from the pump B. The spray is formed by the several
branch-pipes in the manner already described.
The ventilating pipe A may conveniently be provided with a hinged flap r
Figure 9, which by means of a lever s may be drawn into the pipe in a manner to
stop the entrance of the outside atmosphere through the said pipe A. In such
case, the atmosphere of the room enters the pipe through the aperture normally
closed by the said flap r.
In the foregoing Specification it has been stated that the improved apparatus
which forms the subject of this invention may consist either
1), Of an air pump combined with a spray atomizer, or,
2), Of a water force pump combined with a multiplex atomizer, or
3), Of a water force pump and multiplex atomizer and an air pump with spray
diffuser.
All these devices in either case of the three combinations are arranged between
a water reservoir and within or connected with an air-conduit pipe. The special
combination of parts may be modified in a variety of ways, without departing from
the essential features of the invention.
It is evident that by each of the several modifications of the invention a spray
of water is introduced into the air-feed pipe which carries the moistened air into
the chamber or room to be ventilated. The outside air, drawn into the room not
only becomes thoroughly cleaned from dust and other impurities by its intimate
contact with the finely divided spray of water, but also collects moisture. The
moisture contained in the air which enters the room will be dried up by the dry
air within the room, and, in consequence, there will be not the least visible amount
of moist deposit within the room. Any drops of water or condensed spray, which
collect within the ventilating pipe A will be drawn off through the discharge
valve q, Figures 10 and 18, or through the valve q', Figure 13, and returned into
the water reservoir C.
The water force pump may be entirely dispensed with if the water to be intro-
duced into the atomizer has a sufficient pressure of its own, for instance if it be
derived from a water pipe under pressure.
In cases of this kind the ventilating or air-pipe A is combined with one or
several atomizers, as shewn in Figures 18 and 19. Into each branch of the venti-
lating pipe A extends a multiplex atomizer or spray diffuser to which water is
supplied under pressure by a connecting pipe from a main. The supply of water
is regulated or shut off by stop cocks r By means of this arrangement the
current of air traversing the ventilating pipe A may be made to pass in either
direction.
The pressure required to force the water into the atomizers may further be
obtained through other suitable means for instance by the aid of compressed air
and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Improved apparatus for moistening and renewing the atmosphere, consisting
of a suitable water reservoir or supply, and air pipe connecting the outside atmo-
sphere with the room or chamber to be ventilated, and devices through which water
and air are forced on and atomized, which devices, singly or severally, and of

page_text: simplex or multiplex construction, are so arranged in combination with the water
and air supply, that, by means of the pressure applied, a mixture of water and air,
in a finely divided state, is blown by the atomizer or atomizers, into the air-feed
pipes, substantially as described.
2. The construction of the atomizer or spray-diffuser, consisting of two pipes a¹
and c one arranged inside the other, a hollow perforated ring d, inserted into the
outer pipe and surrounding the inner pipe serving to combine the two, in combina-
tion with a mouth piece or nozzle e secured to the said ring d, which mouth-piece
may have a single discharge opening and interior wings or webs, as shewn in
Figures and 2, or several discharge openings as shewn in Figures 4 and 5.
3. The construction of atomizer as a multiplex atomizer, consisting of a hollow
cylinder k, with a short water-supply pipe i connected to it, a cap n secured to said
cylinder, the said cap being either smooth or spirally grooved on the inside surface
and provided with a central discharge opening, a central, tapering and sliding bolt
or pin arranged within the said cylinder, which bolt may have spiral grooves on
its circumference, substantially as described, and illustrated.
4. A multiplex atomizer, comprising a hollow cylinder k, water supply pipe i con-
nected to it, a perforated cap a secured to the said cylinder, a central tapering
sliding bolt or pin 1 opposite the discharge opening of said cap and a hollow ring m
spirally grooved on its circumference, arranged within said cylinder k, as shewn in
Figures 7 and 8, substantially as described.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1893.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.