IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING TELEGRAPH WIRES, THE MANUFACTURE OF A ARTERS D
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Spill, of Hackney Terrace, Hackney, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING TELEGRAPH WIRES, THE MANUFACTURE OF
A
ARTERS
D"
Sealed the 8th November 1870, and dated the 4th June 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Spill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
June 1870.
I, DANIEL SPILL, of Hackney Terrace, Hackney, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING TELEGRAPH WIRES, THE MANUFACTURE
OF FLEXIBLE TUBING, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the preparation and use of new compounds
to be used principally for insulating telegraph wires. For this purpose
I take gum, resins, gum resins, caoutchouc, gutta percha, balsams,
camphor, or camphor oil, wax, fatty or volatile oils (oxidised or other-
wise), nitro-benzole, naptha, or ethers, either vegetable or mineral, and

page_text: combine one or more in such a manner and in such proportions as may
be found necessary for the purposes required.
As a type of such combination I give the following formula.
No. 1.
Gum lac
Camphor
100 parts by weight.
5 to 20
do.
First dissolve the camphor in a small quantity of mineral naptha, with
which solution the gum lac must be moistened, then heat the mass until
the whole becomes perfectly soft or semi-fluid. This compound may be
used as it is, or it may be further incorporated with pigments to render
the same more or less plastic or solid as may be required.
Balsams or nitro-benzole may be added in place of camphor with
useful effect.
No. 2. Another type of the improved compound in which caoutchouc
forms a constituent is as follows:-
.
I take the foregoing combination of gum lac and camphor and mix
it with 20 to 50 per cent. of caoutchouc either by heat alone or by
ordinary grinding rolls or masticators (with heat) until the same is well
blended, or caoutchouc and comphor may be alone blended in about the
same proportions. These compounds may also be employed at once, or
they may be further incorporated with pigments as before described.
No. 3. Another type of compound in which oils form a constituent is
Dissolve the kowrie gum in the oil by heat, then add the sulphur and
continue the heat (about 300 degrees Fahrenheit) for two to five or
more hours, or until the mass becomes permanently tough and elastic,
in this condition it may be termed "semi-vulcanized." This compound
may be employed as it is but by preference it should be further incor-
porated with 20 to 50 per cent. of gutta percha or caoutchouc to render it
more plastic and flexible, and it may be further compounded with
pigments to give more body and to cheapen the mixture. This compound
may be prepared without the sulphur, but the employment of sulphur is
preferred.

page_text: The gums, resins, or gum resins, may be dissolved in the cold way by
any of their known solvents and then incorporated with the gutta percha
or caoutchouc, or with diluents, such combination being made by ordinary
grinding rolls or masticators, as is well understood, or by heat and stirring
alone.
The compounds obtained may be applied to the coating of telegraph
wires, or fuzes for blasting purposes, to the manufacture of flexible tubing,
or to similar purposes, by any of the well-known machinery or apparatus
used for such purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Daniel Spill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
SPILL, of Hackney Terrace, Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Daniel Spill, Her special license that I, the
said Daniel Spill, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Daniel Spill, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUNDS FOR INSULATING TELEGRAPH WIRES,
THE MANUFACTURE OF FLEXIBLE TUBING, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Daniel Spill, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Spill, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to the preparation and use of certain new
compounds to be used principally for insulating telegraph wires. For
this purpose I take gums, or resins, or gum resins, caoutchouc, balsams,
and camphor as the bases of my compounds, and I combine with one
or more of such solid substances one or more of the fatty or volatile
oils (oxidized or otherwise), camphor oil, or nitro-benzole, or naphtha,
or ethers (either vegetable or mineral) in such a manner and in such
proportions as may be found necessary for the purposes of rendering the
above-named solid substances permanently flexible and plastic, and
consequently applicable to the purposes herein-after referred to. As a
type of such combination I give the following formulæ :-

page_text: No. 3. Another type of compound in which oils form a constituent
is as follows:-
I take castor oil or linseed oil (oxidized or otherwise) one hundred
parts by weight. Kowrie gum, two hundred parts by weight.
I dissolve the kowrie gum in the oil by heat. I then add about ten
parts by weight of sulphur thereto, and continue the heat (about threc
hundred degrees Fahrenheit) for a period of from two to five or more
hours, or until the mass becomes permanently tough, flexible, and plastic.
In this condition it may be termed "semi-vulcanized." This com-
pound may be employed as it is, but by preference it should be further
incorporated with twenty to fifty per cent. of gutta percha or caoutchouc
to render it more plastic and flexible, and it may be further compounded
with pigments to give more body and to cheapen the mixture. This
compound may be prepared without the sulphur, but the employment
of sulphur is preferred.
The foregoing are given as examples only of some of the various
types of compounds which may be produced according to my said
Invention.
The gums, resins, or gum resins may be dissolved in the cold way by
any of their well-known solvents, and then incorporated with the gutta
percha or caoutchouc, or with diluents, such combinations being made
by ordinary grinding rolls or masticators, as is well understood, or by
heat and stirring alone.
The compounds obtained may be applied to the coating of telegraph
wires, or fuses for blasting purposes, to the manufacture of flexible
tubing, or to similar purposes, by any of the well-known machinery or
apparatus used for such purposes.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―-
First. The production of permanently flexible and plastic compounds
by combining one or more gums, resins, or gum resins, with camphor,
or with caoutchouc and camphor, or with balsams, or fatty or volatile
oils (whether oxidized or otherwise), substantially as herein-before
described.

page_text: Second. The application and use of the herein-before described com-
pounds to and in the insulation of telegraph wires, the manufacture of
flexible tubing, and other useful purposes,
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Spill have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of
November. One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
DANIEL SPILL. (L.S.)