IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING OR FORGING IRON OR OTHER METALS INTO SCREW BOLTS, NUTS, RIVETS, PINS, STUDS, OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robinson, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Screw Bolt Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
MANUFACTURING OR FORGING IRON OR OTHER METALS INTO SCREW
BOLTS, NUTS, RIVETS, PINS, STUDS, OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Sealed the 7th December 1853, and dated the 13th October 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robinson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 18th October 1853.
WILLIAM ROBINSON, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANU-
FACTURING OR FORGING IRON OR OTHER METALS INTO SCREW BOLTS, NUTS,
RIVETS, PINS, STUDS, OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
The accompanying Sketch or Drawing shows my arrangement of
mechanism, by which I forge the articles required by a succession of
blows rapidly given to the metal whilst in a heated state, to produce
the necessary form or shape.
The shape or form of the object is produced by dies being fixed in

page_text: the slides, as shewn in the Drawing, and the hammers brought into
rapid contact by means of the eccentrics or cams; and as the articles are
finished they are thrown off the machine by means of a lever coming in
contact with the cross bar.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robinson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM ROBINSON, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Screw Bolt Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand. cight.hundred and fifty-three, in
the seventeenth year of Her. reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Robinson, Her
special licence, that I, the said William Robinson, my executors.
administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said William
Robinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with,, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFAC-
TURING OR FORGING IRON OR OTHER METALS INTO SCREW BOLTS, NUTS, RIVETS,
PINS, STUDS, OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Robinson, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the sanie was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Royal Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robinson, do hereby.
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention relates, to improvements in the construction and
general arrangement of machinery or apparatus for forging iron or.
other metals into various forms or shapes suitable for a variety of pur-
poses, as bolts, 'the heads of bolts, rivets, pins, &c., which I accomplish
by: giving the machine a very quick action, so as to give the metal,
whilst in a heated state, a rapid succession of blows. The shape or
form of the object is produced by dies being fixed in the slides, as
shewn the Drawing; and the hammers are brought into rapid contact
by means of eccentrics, cams, or other similar mechanical contrivance!
I attach a pair of shears to the side of the machine to cut the inetal to:
the required length for the size of the article to be produced, and as they
are finished 'they are thrown off the machine by means of a lever coming
in contact with a cross bar, thus forming a self-acting apparatus for
delivering the work."
These my improvements will be clearly understood by reference to
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which the same letters of
reference are used to represent similar parts: where different views or
diagrams are shewn. Fig. 1, is a front elevation of my improved
machine; and Fig. 2, is a side elevation thereof. a,. represents the
standard or frame work, between which are fitted the top and bottom.
slides b', and 6; c, the driving shaft, upon which are fixed the driving
pullies and balance or fly wheel. Upon the driving shaft c, are a
number of eccentric cams or cranks, which. revolve with it, and, are
suitably connected to the top slide. 6', by the connecting link, or in
any other. convenient manner, to communicate notion to it from the
eccentric cam or crank. e, another shaftisupported, in. the standard or;
framework, upon which are fixed the eccentric cams or cranks, which,
revolve with it, by which means the. bottom slide is lifted to the
height required. The end. of this slide contains the die, in which is
placed the object to be operated upon, and. brings it into contact with
the face of the hammer or die in the end on bottom of the slide b'. The

page_text: die can be made of any form or shape to suit the form of the object to
be produced. In the bottom slide 2, I place a small cross shaft j, oti
which, in the centre of the slide, there is an eccentric k, made fast to:
the cross shaft j, the ends of which project through the slide, as shown
in Fig. 2, on each end of which is fixed the small cams or tappets 11,
and . The object of this is to raise the cross bar h, on which rests
the object to be operated upon.
At the same time that the slide b², is
rising from the revolutions of the cams f, the effect will be to allow the
object to receive a number of blows previous to receiving the final
impression from the die or dies, which will encrease in size the end of
the object, which is necessary in forming or forging bolts or similar
articles when a portion of them is required to be square under the
head, because the size or bulk must be encreased in that part where the
square is to be formed. This operation I accomplish as follows:-I
insert the object to be forged in the slide 2, whilst in a state of rest.
The small tappet l', being in contact with the pin m³, pushes the tap-
pet, on the end of the shaft j, partially round, and raises the eccentric
in the slide. 2, to the most eccentric part; thus raising the cross bar h,
and lifting the object a certain distance out of the die in the slide b²,
which remains in that position until it has received the necessary
number of blows, when the tappet , on the other end of the shaft j,
comes in contact with the pin m², pushes the tappet round with the
eccentric k in the slot of the slide 2, and allows the cross bar h to fall
on the bottom of the slot in the slide b². The said cross bar h, having
2 still rising with the cams f
left the end of the object, and the slide
the object to be forged or shaped is forced (by the succession of blows
given to it) into the die, and fills it completely, so as to form the square
under the head in a very efficient manner.
The eccentric cams or
cranks f, having revolved or reached the most eccentric part, and lifted
the slide to the required height, until the head of the bolt, rivet, pin,
&c. is formed by the rapid succession of blows' given to it by the
movements of the top slide b, allowing the bottom slide 6, to fall
suddenly, by which motion the cross bar h comes in contact with the
cross rail n, and is thrown upwards, and by that means throws out the
finished work. The bottom slide 62, being now empty, fresh metal-is

page_text: introduced and the operation repeated. i, represents the shears
attached to the side of the machine to cut the metal to the required
length.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said
Invention, I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details thereof, as such may be varied or modified
without departing from the principle of it. But I claim as of my In-
vention, and which to the best of my knowledge and belief has not
been hitherto used within this realm, the arrangement and mechanical
construction of the machinery or apparatus, or any modification thereof,
for the purposes herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robinson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
WILLIAM ROBINSON. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Robinson
in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.