IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANNON AND IN MOULDS FOR CASTING THE SAME
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE of the Office for Patents, 6, Bream's
Buildings, Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CANNON AND IN MOULDS FOR CASTING THE SAME," and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
My invention relates to the manufacture of cannon of cast iron or other cast
metal; and the objects of my invention are to strengthen such cannon at the breech
portion, and also to effect after casting, the gradual cooling of the mass of metal in
the breech portion of the gun and so avoid unequal and injurious strains produced
by unequal contraction.
To these ends my invention includes a novel improvement in the art of
manufacturing cast metal guns, consisting in providing a mould having tubes for
cooling fluids extending lengthwise thereof, and in suspending from or attaching to
said tubes at desired distances apart in planes transverse to the axis of the mould,
wrought metal rings which by the operation of casting become embedded in the
cast metal of the cannon.
The invention also includes a cast-metal gun or cannon having wrought metal
rings each complete in itself and embedded in the cast metal of the gun, the several
rings being supported and isolated from each other by the metal in which they are
embedded.
The invention also includes the combination with a mould for a cannon, of a
number of tubes for cooling fluid extending lengthwise of the mould and external
to the core.
The invention also includes the combination with a mould for a cannon, of tubes
for cooling fluid extending lengthwise thereof and arranged in circular series, and
•
A

page_text: an annular header and supply pipe with which said tubes are connected, and from
which they are supplied.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig 1 is a longitudinal section of the breech portion of a gun embodying my
invention.
Fig: 2 is a transverse section on the plane of the dotted line x, x, Fig: 1.
:
Fig 3 is a vertical section of a mould wherein the wrought metal rings are
suspended from the cooling tubes preparatory to casting and
Fig: 4 is a transverse or horizontal section on the plane of the dotted line y y
Fig: 3.
Similar letters of referenco designate corresponding parts in all the Figures.
A designates the breech portion of a gun which may be of cast iron or other cast
metal, and A is the bore thereof.
Embedded in the cast metal of the gun and lying in planes at right angles to the
bore are wrought metal rings. These rings may be of steel or wrought iron and
as here shown are in two series and of different diameters. Each ring is complete
in itself. All the rings surround the bore and are embedded between the bore and
the circumference of the gun. They are supported and isolated from each other by
the cast metal in which they are embedded.
As here shown the rings B, B¹, of the two series are arranged alternately in
horizontal planes. The above described rings become embedded in the cast metal
by the operation of casting and greatly increase the strength of the gun, and said
rings may be arranged in one, two or more series as may be desired.
O, C¹, designate tubes which extend lengthwise of the gun A, and are also
embedded in the cast metal of the gun. These tubes are in circular series, as
shown in Fig: 2 and are adjacent to the rings B, B¹. The purpose and manner of
arranging the tubes C C₁ will be best understood from Figs: 3 and 4.
D designates the mould which is constructed in the usual way, of an outer shell
or casing a, brick-work b, and sand or other mould material c. The mould is
arranged vertically and through it are extended the tubes C C¹ in two circular
series as above described. The series of tubes C C¹ are connected with circular
headers d d from which they are supplied with steam or other cooling fluid, and
the circular headers are supplied with cooling fluid by branches e e¹ from a feed or
supply pipo E. The tubes C C' extend upwards through and above the mould and
their upper ends may be connected so as to convey away from them the waste
steam or other cooling fluid.
F designates the core which if desired, may also be hollow to receive a cooling
fluid.
The circulation of steam or other cooling fluid through the tubes above described
serves to prevent unequal contraction and the consequent straining of the cast
inetal as it cools; and the tubes here serve the additional purpose of supports to
which the rings B B' may be attached. The rings may be attached to the tubes in
any suitable manner, as for example by tying them on with wire f and by the
said tubes the rings will be suspended at proper distances from each other and at
n proper height until the cast metal is poured and sets, when they will need no
other support.
After the gun is cast the protruding ends of the tubes C C¹, are cut off. The
cooling tubes may be arranged in any desired number of circular series.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1st The improvement in the art of manufacturing cast metal cannon, consisting
in providing a mould having tubes for cooling fluid extending lengthwise of the
mould, and in suspending from or attaching to said tubes at desired distances
apart, and in planes transverse to the axis of the mould, wrought metal rings

page_text: which by the operation of casting become embedded in the metal of the cannon,
substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
2nd A cast metal gun or cannon having wrought metal rings each complete in
itself and embedded in the cast metal of the gun the several rings being supported
and isolated from each other by the metal in which they are embedded, substan-
tially as and for the purpose herein described.
.:
3rd The combination with a mould for a cannon, of a number, of tubes for
cooling fluid, extending lengthwise of the mould and external to the core, substan-
tially as and for the purpose herein described.
4th The combination with a mould for a cannon, of tubes for cooling fluid
extending lengthwise thereof, and arranged in circular series, and an annular
header and supply pipe with which said tubes are connected and from which they
are supplied, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
...
•
T
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE of the Office for Patents, G, Bream's
Buildings, Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CANNON AND IN MOULDS FOR CASTING THE SAME," and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
"
My invention relates to the manufacture of cannon of cast iron or other cast
metal; and the objects of my invention are to strengthen such cannon at the brecch
portion, and also to effect after casting, the gradual cooling of the mass of metal in
the breech portion of the gun and so avoid unequal and injurious strains produced
by unequal contraction.
To these ends my invention includes a novel improvement in the art of
manufacturing cast metal guns, consisting in providing a mould having tubes for
cooling fluids extending lengthwise thereof, and in suspending from or attaching to
said tubes at desired distances apart in planes transverso to the axis of the mould,
wrought metal rings which by the operation of casting become embedded in the
cast metal of the cannon.
The invention also includes a cast-metal gun or cannon having wrought metal
rings each complete in itself and embedded in the cast metal of the gun, the several
rings being supported and isolated from each other by the metal in which they are
embedded.
The invention also includes the combination with a mould for a cannon, of a
number of tubes for cooling fluid extending lengthwise of the mould and external
to the core.
The invention also includes the combination with a mould for a cannon, of tubes
for cooling fluid extending lengthwise thereof and arranged in circular series, and

page_text: an annular header and supply pipe with which said tubes are connected, and from
which they are supplied.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig 1 is a longitudinal section of the breech portion of a gun embodying my
invention.
Fig 2 is a transverse section on the plane of the dotted line x, x, Fig: 1.
:
Fig 3 is a vertical section of a mould wherein the wrought metal rings are
suspended from the cooling tubes preparatory to casting and
Fig: 4 is a transverse or horizontal section on the plane of the dotted line y y
Fig: 3.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the Figures.
A designates the breech portion of a gun which may be of cast iron or other cast
metal, and A¹ is the bore thereof.
Embedded in the cast metal of the gun and lying in planes at right angles to the
bore are wrought metal rings. These rings may be of steel or wrought iron and
as here shown are in two series and of different diameters. Each ring is complete
in itself. All the rings surround the bore and are embedded between the bore and
the circumference of the gun. They are supported and isolated from each other by
the cast metal in which they are embedded.
As here shown the rings B, B1, of the two series are arranged alternately in
horizontal planes. The above described rings become embedded in the cast metal
by the operation of casting and greatly increase the strength of the gun, and said
rings may be arranged in one, two or more series as may be desired.
C, C, designate tubes which extend lengthwise of the gun A, and are also
embedded in the cast metal of the gun. These tubes are in circular series, as
shown in Fig: 2 and are adjacent to the rings B, B¹. The purpose and manner of
arranging the tubes C C' will be best understood from Figs: 3 and 4.
D designates the mould which is constructed in the usual way, of an outer shell
or casing a, brick-work b, and sand or other mould material c. The mould is
arranged vertically and through it are extended the tubes C C¹ in two circular
series as above described. The scries of tubes C C₁ are connected with circular
headers d d from which they are supplied with steam or other cooling fluid, and
the circular headers are supplied with cooling fluid by branches e c¹ from a feed or
supply pipe E. The tubes CC' extend upwards through and above the mould and
their upper ends may be connected so as to convey away from them the waste
steam or other cooling fluid.
F designates the core which if desired, may also be hollow to receive a cooling
fluid.
The circulation of steam or other cooling fluid through the tubes above described
serves to prevent unequal contraction and the consequent straining of the cast
metal as it cools; and the tubes here serve the additional purpose of supports to
which the rings B B may be attached. The rings may be attached to the tubes in
any suitable manner, as for example by tying them on with wire f and by the
said tubes the rings will be suspended at proper distances from each other and at
n proper height until the cast metal is poured and sets, when they will need no
other support.
After the gun is cast the protruding ends of the tubes C C', are cut off. The
cooling tubes may be arranged in any desired number of circular series.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1st The improvement in the art of manufacturing cast metal cannon, consisting
in providing a mould having tubes for cooling fluid extending lengthwise of the
mould, and in suspending from or attaching to said tubes at desired distances
apart, and in planes transverse to the axis of the mould, wrought metal rings

page_text: which by the operation of casting become embedded in the metal of the cannon,
substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
2nd A cast metal gun or cannon having wrought metal rings each complete in
itself and embedded in the cast metal of the gun the several rings being supported
and isolated from each other by the metal in which they are embedded, substan-
tially as and for the purpose herein described.
3rd The combination with a mould for a cannon, of a number of tubes for
cooling fluid, extending lengthwise of the mould and external to the core, substan-
tially as and for the purpose herein described.
4th The combination with a mould for a cannon, of tubes for cooling fluid
extending lengthwise thereof, and arranged in circular series, and an annular
header and supply pipe with which said tubes are connected and from which they
are supplied, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
Dated this 95th day of November 1884
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.