AN IMPROVE- MENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PIPES AND TUBES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PIPES AND TUBES."-A Communication.
Scaled the 4th January 1856, and dated the 24th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 24th July 1855.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PIPES AND TUBES," (Communicated
to me by a foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improvement in the construction of the roller
dies for making scaniless metal pipes and tubes, for which Letters Patent
were granted to me, as a communication, under date March 5, 1853.
The present improvement consists in bevelling off or otherwise cutting
away the corners of each of the rollers, so that a series of grooves will be
formed around the inner circumference. There are two objects in forming
these grooves; the first is to case the metal at the joints, the action of
the rollers being such, that by reason of their radial position the edges
approach and leave each other at an angle. The consequence is, that the

page_text: metal of the tube as it is being drawn through rises up and is taken in by the
sides, thus forming thin feathers at the joints, while at the same time this
jams the set up, so as to impede the free action of the rollers. The grooves,
therefore, afford complete relief in this respect. The second purpose accom-
plished by this formation of ribs upon the tube is that thereby its subsequent
separation from the mandril may be effected. In all seamless tube machines
heretofore it has been found necessary to use a taper mandril in drawing
the same through the reducing dies, in order subsequently to effect the
withdrawal of the mandril. In the improved machine a mandril of uni-
form diameter is employed, so as to have tubes of equal bore throughout,
by subsequently passing the tube through another die, the rollers of which
form a complete circle, the size of which is slightly larger than the main body
of the tube; the ribs are levelled, and thereby the tube becomes slightly
enlarged, thus relieving the mandril and allowing it to be readily withdrawn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 24th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators,
and-assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, "should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PIPES AND TUBES,"
(communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and

page_text: ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in an improvement in the construction of the roller
dies for making seamless metal pipes and tubes, for which Letters Patent were
granted to ine, as a communication, under date March Fifth, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-three. The present improvement consists in bevelling
off or otherwise cutting away the corners of each of the rollers, so that a series
of grooves will be formed around the inner circumference. There are two
objects in forming these grooves. The first is to case the metal at the joints,
the action of the rollers being such, that by reason of their radial position the
edges approach and leave each other at an angle. The consequence is, that
the metal of the tube as it is being drawn through rises up and is taken in by
the sides, thus forming thin feathers at the joints, while at the same time this
jams the set up, so as to impede the free action of the rollers. The grooves
therefore afford complete relief in this respect. The second purpose accom-
plished by this formation of grooves in the tube is that thereby its subsequent
separation from the mandril may be effected. In all seamless tube machines
it has heretofore been found necessary to use a taper mandril in drawing the
same through the reducing dies, in order subsequently to effect the withdrawal
of the mandril. In the improved machine a mandril of uniform diameter is
employed, so as to have tubes of equal bore throughout, by subsequently
passing the tube through another die, the rollers of which form a complete
circle, the size of which is slightly larger than the main body of the tube; the
ribs are levelled, and thereby the tube becomes slightly enlarged, thus relieving
the mandril, and allowing it to be readily withdrawn.
The construction and operation is as follows:-The manner of setting the
rollers and their arrangement for regulation, &c. are as set forth in the
Specification of the before-mentioned Patent. Each roller is, however, cut
away at the corners, so that at the point of contact with each other a groove
is formed, as shewn at a in Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings, and in
the enlarged view, Figure 4. At b, Figure 1, is shewn a section of the
mandril, and of the metal in the process of being formed into a tube, in which

page_text: process the said metal is forced into the several grooves a, whereby a series of
parallel ribs is formed upon the tube in the direction of its length. After
the tube has been reduced and shaped by passing through this die it must
be loosened, so as to allow of its removal from the mandril, and for this
purpose it must be slightly enlarged, and the importance of these projecting
ribs will now be seen. To effect the loosening the tube is forced through
a second roller die, in which the face of each roller is concave, the whole
cluster forming a circle slightly larger than that formed by the flat portions
in the other dic, as shewn at c, Figure 2, and in the enlarged view,
Figure 5. In passing the tube through this die the projections are rolled
down, by doing which the tube will be slightly distended by the pressing
apart of the spaces between the said ribs, thus completely loosening it from.
its mandril. In order to perform this operation with great despatch, I place
the two sets of dies together and parallel to each other, so that the centres
shall be in a line, as shewn in Figure 3; in which A represents the reducing
and forming dic; and B, the loosener, the arrow indicating the direction of
the tube in passing through.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the forming of
the rollers of the reducing die in such manner that a series of parallel projec-
tions or ribs will be formed upon the tube, for the purpose of casing the
pressure at the joints of the rollers, and facilitating the loosening from the
mandril, and giving the finish, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.s.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PIPES AND TUBES."-A communication.
Sealed the 4th January 1856, and dated the 24th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left ly the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 24th July 1855.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PIPES AND TUBES," (Communicated
to me by a foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improvement in the construction of the roller
dies for making seamless metal pipes and tubes, for which Letters Patent
were granted to me, as a communication, under date March 5, 1858.
The present improvement consists in bevelling off or otherwise cutting
away the corners of each of the rollers, so that a series of grooves will be
formed around the inner circumference. There are two objects in forming
these grooves; the first is to ease the metal at the joints, the action of
the rollers being such, that by reason of their radial position the edges
approach and leave each other at an angle. The consequence is, that the

page_text: metal of the tube as it is being drawn through rises up and is taken in by the
sides, thus forming thin feathers at the joints, while at the same time this
jams the set up, so as to impede the free action of the rollers. The grooves,
therefore, afford complete relief in this respect. The second purpose accom-
plished by this formation of ribs upon the tube is that thereby its subsequent
separation from the mandril may be effected. In all seamless tube machines
heretofore it has been found necessary to use a taper mandril in drawing
the same through the reducing dies, in order subsequently to effect the
withdrawal of the mandril. In the improved machine a mandril of uni-
form diameter is employed, so as to have tubes of equal bore throughout,
by subsequently passing the tube through another die, the rollers of which
form a complete circle, the size of which is slightly larger than the main body
of the tube; the ribs are levelled, and thereby the tube becomes slightly
enlarged, thus relieving the mandril and allowing it to be readily withdrawn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 24th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PIPES AND TUBES,"
(communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and

page_text: ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Broomau, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
aunexed, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in an improvement in the construction of the roller
dies for making seamless metal pipes and tubes, for which Letters Patent were
granted to me, as a communication, under date March Fifth, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-three. The present improvement consists in bevelling
off or otherwise cutting away the corners of each of the rollers, so that a series
of grooves will be formed around the inner circumference. There are two
objects in forming these grooves. The first is to ease the metal at the joints,
the action of the rollers being such, that by reason of their radial position the
edges approach and leave each other at an angle. The consequence is, that
the metal of the tube as it is being drawn through rises up and is taken in by
the sides, thus forming thin feathers at the joints, while at the same time this
jains the set up, so as to impede the free action of the rollers. The grooves
therefore afford complete relief in this respect. The second purpose accom-
plished by this formation of grooves in the tube is that thereby its subsequent
separation from the mandril may be effected. In all seamless tube machines
it has heretofore been found necessary to use a taper mandril in drawing the
same through the reducing dies, in order subsequently to effect the withdrawal
of the mandril. In the improved machine a mandril of uniform diameter is
employed, so as to have tubes of equal bore throughout, by subsequently
passing the tube through another die, the rollers of which form a complete
circle, the size of which is slightly larger than the main body of the tube; the
ribs are levelled, and thereby the tube becomes slightly enlarged, thus relieving
the mandril, and allowing it to be readily withdrawn.
The construction and operation is as follows:-The manner of setting the
rollers and their arrangement for regulation, &c. are as set forth in the
Specification of the before-mentioned Patent. Each roller is, however, cut
away at the corners, so that at the point of contact with each other a groove
is formed, as shewn at a in Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings, and in
the enlarged view, Figure 4. At b, Figure 1, is shewn a section of the
mandril, and of the metal in the process of being formed into a tube, in which

page_text: process the said metal is forced into the several grooves a, whereby a series of
parallel ribs is formed upon the tube in the direction of its length. After
the tube has been reduced and shaped by passing through this die it must
be loosened, so as to allow of its removal from the mandril, and for this
purpose it must be slightly enlarged, and the importance of these projecting
ribs will now be seen. To effect the loosening the tube is forced through
a second roller die, in which the face of each roller is concave, the whole
cluster forming a circle slightly larger than that formed by the flat portions
in the other die, as shown at c, Figure 2, and in the enlarged view,
Figure 5. In passing the tube through this die the projections are rolled
down, by doing which the tube will be slightly distended by the pressing
apart of the spaces between the said ribs, thus completely loosening it from
its mandril. In order to perform this operation with great despatch, I place
the two sets of dies together and parallel to each other, so that the centres
shall be in a line, as shewn in Figure 3; in which A represents the reducing
and forming die; and B, the loosener, the arrow indicating the direction of
the tube in passing through.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the forming of
the rollers of the reducing die in such manner that a series of parallel projec-
tions or ribs will be formed upon the tube, for the purpose of easing the
pressure at the joints of the rollers, and facilitating the loosening from the
mandril, and giving the finish, as hercin-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my band and seal, this Twenty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
K. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)