Year: 1899

page_text: I, SAMUEL JOHNSTON SHIMER, of Milton, in the County of Northumberland and
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
--
My invention relates to rotatable cutter-heads for woodworking-machines for
making doors, bed-rails, window sashes, and other objects or articles, which heads
are provided with circular bits, which work with side clearance in the cut made
and which are alternately arranged on opposite sides of the flange or flanges of
the head.
These cutter-heads as ordinarily constructed are provided with bit-seats, which
incline either forwardly or rearwardly in their relative positions upon the plane
of rotation to cause the bits secured thereto to incline toward or away from the
center line of the cut to work the bits with the proper clearance for their sides
back of their cutting edges. With the bit-seats so constructed the head can only
rotate in one direction to perform its work-that is to say, the bits cannot be
reversed and the head rotated in the opposite direction to cut a groove or molding.
The object of my invention is to provide an improved construction of cutter-
head in which the bits can be reversed and the head rotated in the opposite
direction and also to provide said head with a two-part bit secured to the head
by a single holding-bolt about one common center on the same side of the
head-flange, the division of the bit being on the dividing line between the
groove made in the work and the adjacent molded portion, thus making a saving
in the cost of construction of the bit and in the material employed.
The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts
hereinafter fully described and claimed.
66
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of what is known
as an expanding" cutter-head constructed in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective
view showing the outwardly-inclined bit-seat, the cutter or bit being removed.
Fig. 4 is a detail elevation. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the two-part
bit.
In the said drawings the reference-letters A and B designate the upper and

page_text: lower sections, respectively, of the cutter-head, provided with flanges 1 and 2.
The said flanges are formed with circular recesses 4 in the inner sides or faces,
in which fit sockets 5, and in these sockets are seated coiled springs 6. The
numerals 7 and 8 designate, respectively, the hubs of said sections, and 9 the
expanding ring.
The parts so far described may be of any ordinary or suitable construction and
in themselves form no part of the present invention.
The numeral 10 designates the bit-seats formed in the outer faces or sides of
the flanges and are alternately arranged with respect to each other. These seats
slope or are inclined outwardly upon a radial line (Fig. 4) in contradistinction to
seats which are inclined forwardly or rearwardly with respect to the plane of
rotation of the head--that is to say,-the seats are alternately inclined radially,
so that a line drawn through the centre thereof radially will divide each seat into
two corresponding parts, symetrically disposed to the plane of rotation. The
grooving cutters on the opposite flanges of the sections A and B overlap sufficiently
to give clearance in cutting the groove.
The numeral 12 designates the bit, consisting of two parts, the inner part 13
being designed to cut a groove and the outer part 14 being adapted to cut a
molding adjacent to said groove so cut. These two parts are provided with bolt-
holes for the passage of a holding bolt 15, secured in place by a nut 16, and the
inner part or section is formed in its outer face with a circular recess or socket 17,
in which fits a boss 18, formed on the inner side of the outer part or section. These
divided or two-part bits are preferred when a wider groove is to be cut, the degree
of expansion of the head-sections causing the groove adjustment, the bits being
carried thereby to any width of groove to which said sections are adjusted. Such
adjustment of the said sections causes the relative positions of the mold cut-In-
the strip or material being worked above and below the groove to be disturbed
or varied to the extent of the full space the groove is widened, and it will therefore
be necessary to place a washer 19 in the socket or recess in the inner part or
section of the bit of a thickness equal to the distance the flanges have been
adjusted. When a plain-faced bit is used in connection with the grooving-bit,
the washer need not be employed because the face of the cutter being plain the
work of joining up the edge will be done by that part of the edge which is in.
line with the cut.
By sloping or inclining the bit-seats outwardly, as described, the bits may be
reversed and the head rotated in either direction and yet perform its work.
"
While I have shown the bit-seats formed in what are known as expanding
cutter-heads, they may be formed in solid heads, if desired. The bits may also
be formed in a single piece instead of in sections, as described.
Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:-
1. As an improved article, a cutter-head formed with a series of alternately
and oppositely arranged recessed bit-seats, alternately inclined radially in opposite
directions, the construction being such that a line drawn radially through the
centers thereof will divide the same into two portions symmetrically disposed to
the plane of rotation, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a cutter-head having a flange formed with a series
of alternately-arranged recessed bit-seats on opposite sides and said seats aller-.
nately inclined radially so that a line drawn through the center thereof radially
will divide each seat into two portions symmetrically disposed to the plane of
rotation, of the circular bits overlapping the center line of the cut and working
in different planes beyond the limit of the flange, substantially as described..
3. In an expanding cutter-head for woodworking-machines, the combination
of the movable sections each formed with a flange provided with outwardly sloping
or inclined and alternately-arranged recessed bit-seats in the outer. faces, the
construction being such that a line drawn radially through the center of said

page_text: seats will divide the same into two portions symmetrically disposed to the plane
of rotation, substantially as described.
4. The combination with an expanding cutter-head provided with a flange
formed with inclined bit-seats in the outer faces, of the circular bits made in two
parts or sections formed respectively with a recess and a boss fitting therein and
a single bolt holding said sections to the flanges, substantially as described.
5. In an expanding cutter-head for woodworking-machines, the combination
with the movable sections each formed with a flange provided with radially sloping
or inclined and alternately-arranged recessed bit-seats in the outer faces, and
so constructed that a line drawn radially through the center of said seats wil!
divide the same into two portions symmetrically disposed to the plane of rotation,
of the two-part bits formed in their adjoining faces with a socket or recess and a
boss, respectively, and a single bolt holding said bits to their seats, substantially
as described.
6. As an improved article, a two-part circular bit for a rotary cutter-head com-
prising the grooving-section formed with a recess or socket and the molding-section
having a boss fitting in said recess or socket and said sections adapted to be
connected with a cutter-head by a single bolt in such manner that the cutting.
edges of said sections work in different planes, substantially as described.
Dated this 25th day of February 1899
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.