IMPROVEMENTS IN STOCK OR PLASTERERS' BRUSHES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Nicholas Garrod, of Falcon Street, Falcon
Square, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOCK OR PLASTERERS' BRUSHES."
Sealed the 5th July 1864, and dated the 11th January 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Nicholas Garrod
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th January 1864.
I, JOSEPH NICHOLAS GARROD, of Falcon Street, Falcon Square, in the City
of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOCK OR PLASTERERS' BRUSHES," to be as follows:-
66
Stock or plasterers' brushes as ordinarily produced have the "knots" or
clusters of bristles or other material secured to the "stock" by the root end
of each "knot" being divided and bound by string or wire on to the "; stock,"
one part of each root being applied to one side of the "stock," and the other
part to the other side of it. But this method of holding the bristles or other
material is found insecure, besides which the division of each "knot" or
cluster of bristles or other material facilitates the running down of the liquid
on to the "stock" instead of its being discharged at the "flag" end, and
also the accumulation of particles of the lime or other matter between such
divided parts.
According to my improvements the bristles or other material of each
"knot" or cluster are first dipped at the root in a cement composed of marine
glue, linseed oil, and rosin, in the proportions by preference of one part by

page_text: weight of marine glue to one part by weight of the linseed oil, and seven
parts by weight of rosin or in other suitable cement, and then the root of
each "knot" so cemented is bound round by string, and again cemented
when these "knots" are applied with the root end of each in a separate cell
or chamber in the end of the "stock," and they are there held by the combined
action of the cement, and by rivets which are passed through the cells and
through the roots of the "knots" before the cement has had time to set.
The end of the "stock" in which the cells or chambers are formed is also
bound by a metal band which is held by the rivets referred to. By these
means the splitting of the separate "knots" is avoided, and a more useful and
durable brush is obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Nicholas Garrod in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th July 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
NICHOLAS GARROD, of Falcon Street, Falcon Square, in the City of London,
Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of January in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Joseph Nicholas Garrod, Her special licence that I, the said
Joseph Nicholas Garrod, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Joseph Nicholas Garrod, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOCK OR PLASTERERS' BRUSHES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Nicholas Garrod, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Nicholas Garrod, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Brushes which are known in the trade under the name of stock or plasterers
brushes as ordinarily produced have. the "knots' or clusters of bristles or
other material secured to the "stock" by the root end of each "knot" being
divided and bound by string or wire to the " stock," one part of each root
being applied to one side of the "stock" and the other part to the other side
of it. But this method of holding the bristles or other material is found
insecure, besides which the division of each "knot" or cluster of bristles or
other material facilitates the running down of the liquid on to the "stock"
instead of its being discharged at the " flag" end, and also the accumulation
of particles of the lime or other matter between such divided parts.
According to my improvements the bristles or other material of each
"knot" or cluster are first dipped at the root in a cement composed of marine
glue, linseed oil, and rosin, in the proportions by preference of one part by
weight of marine glue to one part by weight of the linseed oil, and seven
parts by weight of rosin, or in other suitable cement, and then the root of
each "knot" so cemented is bound round by string, and again cemented
when these "knots" are applied with the root end of each in a separate cell or
chamber in the end of the "stock," and they are there held by the combined
action of the cement, and by rivets which are passed through the cells, and
through the roots of the "knots" before the cement has had time to set.
The end of the "stock" in which the cells or chambers are formed is also
bound by a metal band which is held by the rivets referred to.
I will by the aid of the accompanying Drawings proceed to describe more
in detail means by which I carry my Invention into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a side view, Figure 2 an edge view, and Figure 3 a
section of a stock or plasterers' brush constructed according to my improve-
ments; Figure 4 shows a side view, Figure 5 an edge view, Figure 6 an
end view, and Figure 7 a section of the "stock" separately; Figures 8 and
9 show two views of one of the "knots" or clusters separately. The same
letters indicate corresponding parts in each view. The bristles or other
material having been collected in quantities adapted each to form a "knot"
or cluster, with the root ends a thereof all in the same direction and made
level, each "knot" or cluster is then dipped at this root end into a cement,

page_text: :
such as that above referred to, or in other suitable cement to cause the parts
of each "knot" or cluster to adhere together, and further to secure this
object this cemented end of each "knot" or cluster is then bound round by
string a' and again cemented. "Knots" or clusters thus prepared are ready
to be applied to the "stocks," and these according to my improvements are
formed, as shown by Figures 4, 5, and 6, with cells b, each of which is adapted
to receive a "knot" or cluster; but previous to the application thereto of
the "knots" or clusters, the end 6 of each "stock" is dipped in a composition
or cement, such as that above referred to, or other suitable cement, by which
the outer edges of the cells 6 become coated with such cement; the "knots"
or clusters are then at their root ends forced into the cells, and when each
cell is thus filled a further quantity of the cement is by a brush or otherwise
applied round the edges of the cells, and the parts of the "knots" or clusters
immediately projecting therefrom, and the whole is then made fast by'a band
of copper or other suitable metal c held by pins or rivets d, which pass
through the metal and through the "knots" or clusters.
"3
"
It will readily be understood that although I have shown only four "knots"
or clusters in the illustration given, other number of them may be applied.
Brushes thus constructed are not liable to get out of order, and by the
security given to the holding of the bristles or other material forming.each
*knot" or cluster tendency of them to become loose is avoided, whilst by
superseding the splitting of the separate "knots or clusters into two parts,
and keeping all the parts of each together, wash or color is in use delivered
with greater facility. And by the brush being much lighter in the hand it is
rused with much less labor. Besides which a more useful and durable brush
is obtained.
Having thus described my said Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim
is the manufacture of stock or plasterers' brushes in manner substantially
as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Nicholas Garrod, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
J. N. GARROD. (L.S.)