Improvements in Pumps.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 27th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 13th May, 1893
Improvements in Pumps.
I, LOUISE MOTTE, of No. 1 Rue des Ecluses Saint Martin, Paris, France,
Pump Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
: .
This invention relates to improvements in pumps of the kind known as hydraulic
bellows pumps formed of metal casings or pump barrels with flexible covers which.
are connected to a rocking beam whereby they are moved in and out of their
respective casings.
The object of the said invention is to improve the construction and mode of
operation of such pumps.
In the usual forms of such pumps, the part constituting the piston, is compelled
to move about an axis in order to perform its stroke or travel so that every point
of said part describes an arc of a circle which is greater the further it is from the
axis of rotation. Now according to this invention the part which fills the office of
piston, moves in a straight vertical path in making its stroke, so that any point of
said part describes a straight line which is also a vertical line.
"
In the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 and 2 show respectively in elevation in part section, and in plan an'
example of pump constructed according to this invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 show respectively in elevation partly in section, and in plan a
modification of the arrangement of the pump. The other figures show further
modifications hereinafter referred to. This pump constitutes a special type the
arrangement of which is based on the following grounds.
The form in plan of the pump barrels is obviously not connected with the
movement of the bellows A which constitute the pistons, but the form should'
however be subject to certain conditions, with the object of minimizing the power
to be exerted at the end of the rocking beam for working the apparatus. The
delivery (Q) of the apparatus is a function of the average horizontal section (S) of
the pump barrel and of the average stroke (H) of the piston and is in direct
proportion of these two quantities so that Q=S.H at each stroke. In order to
obtain the most favourable result with respect to the power to be exerted, the
point of connection of the piston rods should be as near as possible to the centre
of oscillation G. of the rocking beam.
The stroke H is limited, to avoid making the beam too long, and to prevent the.
operators having to work with an undue reach and speed. I have adopted at
certain stroke determined by experience. Now, the stroke H and the delivery Q
at each stroke being given it is obvious that the forms of cross section of the pump
barrels is immaterial so long as the cross section (S) is such that Q = S.H.
As the piston is intended to move in a vertical line passing through the
geometrical centre of the pump barrel, and as this vertical line according to what.
has been said above, should be as close as possible to the point G, I have adopted.
pump barrels of rectangular form and of reduced width.
For small pumps the delivery outlet is located at the side as shown at r (Fig. 2)
but for larger pumps the distance & would become too great by reason of the
dimension or rather which has to be kept a minimum so as to give sufficient"
leverage to the operators.
In such case, to reduce the width of my apparatus, I place the delivery in a
more favorable position that is to say at r¹ (Figs. 3 and 4).

page_text: According to what has been stated above, it will be seen that my apparatus are
the more advantageous, the greater their delivery. The modifications of hydraulic
bellows pumps shown in Figs. 5 and 6, 7 and 8, are designed for emptying cess-
pools by vacuum by means of manual power.
These modifications of my system of pump differ from that shown in Figs. 1
and 2, in which I have replaced the flap valve c by a metal lift valve c' which is
adjusted for each pump. Between two thicknesses of leather of the bellows, I
insert a special lining B for the purpose of compressing the air to a certain pressure
without any loss..
The lining referred to, is preferably a sheet of caoutchouc about 1 mm. thick
and may be of the following percentage composition viz. :-pure Para rubber 96.5.
flowers of sulphur 3.5. .
Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawing show respectively in elevation and in plan, the
special type of my modified pumps for effecting. as already stated the emptying of
cesspools by means of vacuum.
To sum up: Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 show my suction and forcing pumps with
hydraulic bellows for emptying cesspools and for difficult exhausting or emptying
operations and Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 show in the same conditions, the same apparatus
modified for effecting the emptying of cesspools by means of vacuum by manual
power.
As shown in these last figures, my apparatus for working by vacuum, are
provided for suction and delivery, with semi-metallic valves that is to say metal
valves lined with caoutchouc.
The object of the semi-metallic valves is to obtain silent working, as the emptying
of cesspools is generally carried on during the night.
On escaping, the noxious gases are burnt by a small special furnace or stove
arranged near the apparatus.
When the pumps work by vacuum (Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8) they are provided for
the purpose of allowing the noxious gases to pass into the stove, with delivery
unions of similar arrangement to those with which the pumps are provided that
work in the usual manner, that is to say that work by combined suction and forcing
(Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4), but their diameter is much smaller.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1893.
LOUISE MOTTE,
By L. W., per F. B.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps.
I, LOUISE MOTTE, of No. 1 Rue des Ecluses Saint Martin, Paris, France,
Pump Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in pumps of the kind known as hydraulic
bellows pumps formed of metal casings or pump barrels with flexible covers which
are connected to a rocking beam whereby they are moved in and out of their
respective casings.
The object of the said invention is to improve the construction and mode of
operation of such pumps.
÷
In the usual forms of such pumps, the part constituting the piston, is compelled
to move about an axis in order to. perform its stroke or travel so that every point
of said part describes an arc of a circle which is greater the further it is from the
axis of rotation. Now according to this invention the part which fills the office of
piston, moves in a straight vertical path in making its stroke, so that any point of
said part describes a straight. line which is also a vertical line.

page_text: In the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification,
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively an elevation partly in section, and a plan of an
example of pump constructed according to this invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 show respectively in elevation partly in section, and in plan, a
modified arrangement of the pump. The other figures show further modifications
hereinafter referred to.
Pumps according to this invention constitute a special type the arrangement of
which is based on the following grounds.
The form in plan of the pump barrels is obviously not dependent upon the
movement of the bellows A which constitute the pistons, but the form should
however be subject to certain conditions, with the object of minimizing the power
to be exerted at the end of the rocking beam for working the apparatus. The
delivery (Q) of the apparatus is a function of the average horizontal section (S) of:
the pump barrel and of the average stroke (H) of the piston and is in direct pro-
portion to these two quantities so that Q: S.H. for each stroke. In order to
obtain the most favourable result with respect to the power to be exerted, the point
of connection 9 of the piston rods should be as near as possible to the centre of
oscillation G of the rocking beam.
-
The stroke. (H) is limited, to avoid making the beam too. long, and to obviate:
the operators having to work with an undue reach and speed. I have adopted a
certain stroke determined by experience. Now, the stroke (H) and the delivery (Q)
at each stroke being given, it is obvious that the forms of cross section of the pump:
barrels is immaterial so long as the cross section (S) is such that Q=S.H.
As the piston is intended to move in a vertical line passing through the
geometrical centre of the pump barrel, and as this vertical line according to what
has been stated above, should be as close as possible to the point G, I have adopted
pump barrels of rectangular form and of reduced width.
For small pumps the delivery outlet is located at the side as shown at (Fig. 2)
but for larger pumps the distance d would become too great by reason of the
dimension or which has to be kept a minimum so as to give sufficient leverage.
to the operators.
2
In such case, to reduce the width of my apparatus I place the delivery in a more
favourable position, that is to say at (Figs. 3 and 4).
According to what has been stated above, it will be seen that my apparatus will
be the more advantageous, the greater its delivery. In Figs. 1 and 2, and in
Figs. 3 and 4, A A are the pistons the rods of each of which are jointed at g to a
rocking beam mounted to oscillate in bearings at G. c c* are the suction and
delivery valves and or r¹ the delivery passages.
The modifications of hydraulic bellows pumps shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and in
Figs. 7 and 8, are designed to be worked by hand and to be used for emptying
cesspools by vacuum.
These modifications of my system of pump differ from that shown in Figs. 1
and 2 and in Figs. 3 and 4 in that I have replaced the flap valve c shown in these
figures by metal lift valves c' which are adjusted for each pump. Between the two
thicknesses of leather of the bellows, I insert a special lining B for the purpose of
compressing the air to a certain pressure without any loss.
The lining referred to, is preferably a sheet of vulcanized india rubber about
1 mm. thick and may be of the following percentage composition viz. :—pure Para
rubber 96.5; flowers of sulphur 3.5.
Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawing show respectively in elevation and in plan, the
special type of my modified pumps for effecting as already stated the emptying of
cesspools by means of vacuum.
Thus it is to be understood that Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 show my suction and forcing
pumps with hydraulic bellows for emptying cesspools and for difficult exhausting
or emptying operations, and Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8 show in the same conditions, similar

page_text: apparatus modified for effecting the emptying of cesspools by means of vacuum
produced by manual power.
As shown in these last figures, my apparatus for working by vacuum, are
provided for suction and delivery, with semi-metallic valves that is to say metal
valves lined with caoutchouc. The object of the semi-metallic valves is to obtain
silent working, as the emptying of cesspools is generally carried on during the
night. On escaping, the noxious gases are burnt by a small special furnace or
stove arranged near the apparatus.
"
When the pumps work by vacuum (Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8) they are provided, for
the purpose of allowing the noxious gases to pass into the furnace or stove, with
delivery unions of similar arrangement to those with which the pumps are provided
that work in the usual manner, that is to say that work by combined suction and
forcing (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4) but their diameter is much smaller.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A pump having a pair of bellows A constituting pistons arranged to move in
straight paths, the said bellows being formed of two thicknesses of leather with an
intermediate sheet of india rubber substantially as described.
(2. Pumps constructed substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2; in Figs. 3 and 4; in Figs. 5 and 6 ;:
and in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings for the purposes specified.
:
Dated this 27th day of January 1893.
LOUISE MOTTE,
By L. W., per F. B.