Improvements in the Frames Employed in Cutting" Fustians, Velveteens, and other similar Woven Fabrics.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 20th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 7th Oct., 1887
Improvements in the Frames Employed in Cutting" Fustians,
Velveteens, and other similar Woven Fabrics.
I JAMES HOYLE SMITH of 377 Dickenson Road Longsight near Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Master Fustian Cutter do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the frames employed in "cutting" fustians, velveteens and
other similar woven fabrics and my invention consists in arrangements by which I am
enabled to cause an increased quantity of material to be "cut" in a given time
without at the same time causing any material increase of exertion on the part of the
operative.
In accomplishing the object of my invention I cause the frame which carries the
material to be operated upon to be advanced so as to cause the said material to
advance against the knife employed, which is pushed in a direction contrary to that
in which the frame above mentioned is moved, thus enabling the operative to "cut
with each stroke of the knife employed a much greater length of fabric than has
hitherto been possible in the frames hitherto employed.
"
To cause the frame which carries the material to be operated upon to be advanced
for the purpose above mentioned I employ a frame or carriage provided with wheels
or rollers or equivalents therefor to enable it to be readily traversed longitudinally
upon rails or ribs secured to a bench or stand. I provide the frame or carriage above-
mentioned with rollers mounted so as to be capable of being rotated in bearings
formed in or secured to the frame or carriage above mentioned, which rollers support
the material being operated upon and to enable the said rollers to maintain the said
material in a state of tension I provide each of such rollers with any suitable means to
prevent it from being rotated except when required. At each end of the frame or
carriage above mentioned I provide a chain or any suitable equivalent therefor which
chain or the equivalent therefor after passing around or through guide pulleys, guides
or other suitable apparatus carried by the bench or stand above referred to is con-
nected to one end or arm of a treadle mounted upon an axle or pivot upon which the
said treadle may be oscillated. The said axle or pivot may be supported in any
suitable manner.

page_text: The person "cutting" the material whom I shall hereinafter call the operative,
while causing the knife to make a "cut" depresses one end or arm of the treadle above
mentioned by means of his or her foot and thus by means of one of the chains above-
mentioned or the equivalent therefor draws the frame or carriage above referred to
forward and causes the material being operated upon to be moved towards the knife.
After one
"cut" has been accomplished the operative by means of his or her foot
depresses the other end or arm of the treadle above-mentioned and thus by means of
the other chain above referred to or the equivalent therefor traverses the frame or
carriage into position for the commencement of another "cut." The operations above
described are repeated until the entire breadth of the material being operated upon
has been "cut" when the rollers above-mentioned are turned so as to bring a fresh
portion of the material being operated upon into position to be operated upon and the
cutting" is again proceeded with, the operations above described being continued
until the entire piece of the material being operated upon has been "cut."
I retain the frame or carriage in position ready for the "cut" to be commenced by
means of a catch jointed to the bench or stand previously referred to which catch
takes into or engages with a rack or stop or teeth secured to the frame or carriage
aforesaid. The operative upon commencing the "cut" moves the catch above-
mentioned clear of the rack or stop or teeth aforesaid and thus allows the frame or
carriage to move so as to cause the material being operated upon to advance against
the knife employed.
The chains above referred to or the equivalents therefor are made of such length or
so disposed that they will allow the frame or carriage above mentioned to continue its
motion after either end or arm of the treadle aforesaid has been depressed until the
motion of such frame or carriage is arrested by the chain or the equivalent therefor
attached to or connected with the other end or arm of the said treadle.
In order to prevent shock to the treadle aforesaid when either end or arm of such
treadle is depressed I provide springs to arrest the motion of the said treadle.
In some cases instead of employing one treadle as above described I employ two
treadles and connect each of such treadles by means of a chain or chains or in any
other suitable manner to one end of the frame or carriage above mentioned.
In some cases instead of connecting the chains above mentioned or the equivalents
therefor directly to the treadle or treadles employed I employ in conjunction with one
or both of such chains or the equivalent or equivalents therefor a lever or levers or
pulley or pulleys or other suitable means by which the speed of the movement of the
frame or carriage aforesaid may be increased or decreased relatively to the speed of
the motion of the treadle or treadles above mentioned.
Dated this Nineteenth day of October 1886
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Carlton Chambers,
18, Saint Ann's Street, Manchester,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in де ггаше штруси
143333
Velveteens, and other similar Woven Fabrics.
I JAMES HOYLE SMITH of 377 Dickenson Road Longsight near Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Master Fustian Cutter do hereby declare the nature of this.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the frames employed in "cutting" fustians velveteens and
other similar woven fabrics and my invention consists in arrangements by which I am
enabled to cause an increased quantity of material to be "cut" in a given time'
without at the same time causing any material increase of exertion on the part of the
operative.
In accomplishing the object of my invention I cause the frame which carries the
material to be operated upon to be advanced so as to cause the said material to
advance against the knife employed, which is pushed in a direction contrary to that
in which the frame above mentioned is moved thus enabling the operative to "cut"
with each stroke of the knife employed a much greater length of fabric than has
hitherto been possible in the frames hitherto employed.
To cause the frame which carries the material to be operated upon to be advanced
for the purpose above mentioned I employ a frame or carriage provided with
wheels or rollers or equivalents therefor to enable it to be readily traversed longi-
tudinally upon rails or ribs secured to a bench or stand. I provide the frame or
carriage above mentioned with rollers mounted so as to be capable of being rotated in
bearings formed in or secured to the frame or carriage above mentioned which rollers
support the material being operated upon and to enable the said rollers to maintain
the said material in a state of tension I provide each of such rollers with any suitable
means to prevent it from being rotated except when required.
In order that my invention may be thoroughly understood and carried into effect
I will now describe the same by reference to the drawing hereunto annexed in which
drawing Fig. 1 is a plan and Fig. 2 a side elevation-The same letters of reference
are applied to corresponding parts in both of the figures.
A is a frame or carriage which frame or carriage A is. formed of side-bars a, a¹
connected by cross bars b, c, d, ef, g-To the side bars a. a³ are secured brackets h. j
which are
mounted in which and capable of being rotated therein are axles upon
mounted wheels k. 1.-The wheels k. l enable the frame or carriage A to be readily
traversed longitudinally upon rails or ribs m secured to a bench or stand n-Carried
by the frame or carriage A is a roller o capable of being turned in bearings formed in
the side bars a a¹. Upon the roller o is a ratchet wheel p. Secured to the side bar a
by means of a stud upon which it may be turned is a catch q which when required
takes into or engages with the teeth of the ratchet wheel p and prevents the roller o
from being turned in the direction indicated by the arrow B-Carried by the frame

page_text: or carriage A is a roller capable of being turned in bearings formed in the side-
bars a aThe roller r is prevented when required from being turned by means of a
pins which passes through holes formed in the side-bar a and through the roller -
Through the rollers o and rare formed slots through which and over the cross-bars c
and the material C to be operated upon is passed. The rollers o and enable the
material C to be operated upon to be maintained in a state of tension between the
rollers o and in a manner similar to that usual in the ordinary frames employed in
'cutting" fustians velveteens and other similar woven fabrics.
68
Fixed to the floor or other convenient part are pedestals t which support so that it
may be turned therein an axle u to which is secured a treadle v. Secured to the
frame or carriage A is one end of a chain w or any suitable equivalent therefor which
chain w or the equivalent therefor passes over a pulley a mounted so as to be capable
of being turned in a bracket a¹ fixed to the bench or stand n and partially around a
pulley y mounted on a stud y' secured to the treadle v, is secured at w¹ to the bench
or stand n-The end 2 of the treadle v acts as a partial counterpoise to the end v³ of
the said treadle v-Supported by standards ¹ is a platform z upon which the person
cutting" the material whom I shall hereinafter call the operative, stands-Secured
to the bench or stand n by means of "uprights" 1 is a rail 2 upon which the operative
rests his or her hand when in the act of "cutting."
86
The operative having strained a portion of the material C to be operated upon
between the rollers o and r pushes the carriage or frame A in a direction opposite to
that indicated by the arrow D until the wheels pass into hollows or recesses E
formed in the rails or ribs m which hollows or recesses E serve to retain the carriage
or frame A in the position in which it is indicated in the drawing-The operation of
placing the carriage or frame A in the position above mentioned will by means of the
chain w or the equivalent therefor have raised the end v' of the treadle v to a position
somewhat higher than the level of the platform -The operative who when necessary
leans against the support 2 a having placed the knife employed in position for
cutting" the material C thrusts it forward in a direction opposite to that indicated
by the arrow D thus causing the said knife to make a cut" and simultaneously
depresses the end v of the treadle v; the descent of the end v₁ of the treadle v being
arrested by a spring F supported by standards G secured to the floor or other
suitable part-The descent of the end of the treadle v will by means of the
pulley y and chain w or the equivalent therefor cause the frame orcarriage A
to be moved in the direction indicated by the arrow D and cause the material C
being operated upon to be moved towards the knife employed-The move-
ment of the frame or carriage A in the direction indicated by the arrow D will
at length bring the cross part g carried by the frame or carriage A against the ends of
springs 3 which springs 3 are secured by their remaining ends to a cross bar 4 carried
by "uprights" 5 secured to the bench or stand n-The movement of the carriage or
frame A in the direction indicated by the arrow D will compress the springs 3 and
the reaction of such springs 3 will cause the carriage or frame A to move in a
direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow D until the wheels / pass into the
hollows or recesses E in the rails or ribs m-The operations above described are
repeated until the entire breadth of the portion of material being operated upon has
been "cut" when the pin s is withdrawn from the holes into which it is inserted
when in use, and the catch q is raised clear of the ratchet wheel p.
The material to be operated upon is then drawn in the direction indicated by the
arrow D so as to bring a fresh portion into position to be operated upon, when such
fresh portion is strained between the rollers o and r which rollers o and r are again
secured from turning. The "cutting" is then again proceeded with, the operations
above described being repeated until the entire piece of material being operated upon
has been "cut."
In some cases I connect the end v² of the treadle v to the part A2 of the carriage or
frame A in a manner similar to that in which the end v' of the treadle v is connected
to the part A of the carriage or frame A and when such arrangement is employed the
platform is dispensed with and the operative standing alternately upon the arms v¹

page_text: and 2 of the treadle v will move the frame or carriage A in the direction opposite to
that indicated by the arrow D and in the direction indicated by the arrow D, by means
of the treadle v, for which treadle v if desired two treadles may in such cases be
substituted.
Instead of connecting the treadle v to the frame or carriage A by means of a
chain w or any suitable equivalent therefor in the manner herein-before described in
reference to and indicated in the drawing hereunto annexed, I employ a lever or
levers or pulley or pulleys arranged in any suitable manner so that the speed of the
movement of the frame or carriage A may be caused to bear any suitable relation to
the speed of the movement of the treadle v.
By causing the material to be operated upon to advance in a direction contrary to
that in which the operative moves the knife employed, as above described, the
operative is enabled to "cut" in a given time a much greater quantity of material
without at the same time being required to materially increase his or her extertion.
I would point out that in place of the wheels k. l. rollers or other equivalents
therefor may be employed and that in some cases the rails or ribs m instead of being
placed in an inclined position as shown in the drawing hereunto annexed may be
placed in a horizontal position or may be inclined as may be required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a frame employed in "cutting" fustians velveteens and other similar woven
fabrics the hereinbefore described method of enabling a greater length of material to
be "cut" at each stroke of the knife employed than has hitherto been possible in the
frames hitherto employed which method consists in causing the frame which carries
the material to be operated upon to be advanced substantially as hereinbefore
described so as to cause the said material to advance against the knife employed
which is pushed in a direction opposite to that in which the frame above mentioned
is moved.
2. In a frame employed in "cutting" fustians, velveteens and other similar woven
fabrics a carriage or frame such as A provided with wheels such as k. l. or rollers or
equivalents therefor capable of acting in conjunction with rails or ribs such as m and,
operated employed and arranged and operating substantially in the manner herein-
before described in reference to and indicated in and by the drawing hereunto
annexed.
3. In a frame employed in "cutting" fustians velveteens and other similar woven
fabrics a carriage or frame such as A provided with wheels such as k. l or rollers or
equivalents therefor and capable of being operated by a treadle such as v and operated
employed arranged and operating substantially in the manner herein before described
in reference to and indicated in and by the drawing hereunto annexed.
Dated this Nineteenth day of July 1887
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Agent to the Applicant.