CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING AND COVERING PLACES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacques François Dupont de Bussac, of 36 A, Upper
Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING AND COVERING PLACES."
Sealed the 4th August 1854, and dated the 11th February 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacques François Dupont
de Bussac at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 11th February 1854.
I, JACQUES FRANÇOIS DUPONT DE BUSSAC, of 36 A, Upper Charlotte Street,
Fitzroy Square, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING AND COVERING PLACES"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists chiefly in the manufacture of a new mastic or cement
with a metallic base. This mastic or cement is prepared in the following
manner I put into a cauldron on a fire, 1st, natural mineral bitumen of
Bastennes or any other country; 2nd, natural asphalte; the bitumen and
asphalte are employed in the usual well-known proportions; 3rd, when the
asphalte and the bitumen are melted and well mixed together, I add to them,

page_text: instead of sand, a suitable quantity of mineral ore of iron, or ore of other metal
in powder more or less fine; 4th, I boil the whole until the matter is in a fit
state to be employed. It is as well, 1st, by washing, to free the minerals or
ores from all foreign matters which may adhere thereto; 2ndly, to add to the
mastic a suitable quantity of oil of resin, or of any other oil of the same nature,
not exposed to the inconvenience of drying, so as to give the mastic all the
requisite malleability, but these two conditions are not indispensable. The
powders of the different minerals or ores may be replaced by filings of iron or
cast iron, or of any other metal, either by powder of iron, cast iron, or any other
metal prepared by special manufactures.
The natural asphalte may be replaced by carbonate of lime in powder, but
in this case it is useful although not indispensable to compensate for the natural
bitumen of asphalte which is found wanting in carbonate of lime by a pro-
portionate increase of the quantity of bitumen of Bastennes or other country,
or by a proportionate quantity of oil of resin or any other oil of the same
kind.
After having substituted for natural asphalte a carbonate of lime, I can also
substitute for the natural mineral bitumen of Bastennes or other country gas-
tar or pitch; but in this case, to compensate for the too great volatility of the
oils from these materials, it is necessary to mix with the mastic a suitable
quantity of less volatile oil, such as oil of resin or of the like nature. I thus
communicate to the mastic all the required malleability and suppleness. This
cement may be employed for buildings, coating, roofings, metallic sheetings,
roads, streets, or footways; in a word, for all purposes where cements or
mastics are necessary; it may even be employed for painting all materials.
For roads, streets, or footways it may be employed alone, or in the form of
concrete, or with iron or wood in the form of frames, or any other form. The
forms preferable are those having the form of an 8, formed by simple bands of
iron, or by bands of iron in the form of T, or the form of unequal and irregular
corrugated, fluted, grooved, or indented sheets. These corrugations, flutings,
grooves, or indentations should be unequal in size, that is to say, that each
upper corrugation, &c. should be not so large as the lower, Fig. 1. The
angles of the corrugations, &c. may be right angled, but it is preferable that
the angles should be slanting inwards towards their bases, so as to form more
or less acute angles with the base, as shewn on the Drawing. I can also give
the corrugations, &c. a more or less conical form, approaching more or less to
Fig. 2. The upper corrugations, &c. may be even rounded. The sheets of
iron may be simply undulated; see Fig. 3. The undulations may be more or
less deep.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jacques François Dupont de Bussac in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 11th August 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACQUES
FRANCOIS DUPONT DE BUSSAC, of 36 A, Upper Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square,
in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac, Her special licence that I, the
said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING
AND COVERING PLACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
-
My Invention consists chiefly in the manufacture of a new mastic or cement
with a metallic base. This mastic or cement is prepared in the following
manner I put into a cauldron on a fire, 1st, natural mineral bitumen of
Bastennes or any other country; 2nd, natural asphalte; the bitumen and
asphalte are employed in the usual well-known proportions; 3rd, when the

page_text: asphalte and the bitumen are melted and well mixed together, I add to them,
instead of sand, a suitable quantity of mineral ore of iron, or ore of other
metal in powder more or less fine; 4th, I boil the whole until the matter is.
in a fit state to be employed. It is as well, first, by washing, to free the
minerals or ores from all foreign matters which may adhere thereto; 2ndly,
to add to, the mastic a suitable quantity of oil of resin, or of any other oil
of the same nature not exposed to the inconvenience of drying, so as to
give the mastic all the requisite malleability, but these two conditions are
not indispensable. The powders of the different minerals or ores may be
replaced by filings of iron or of cast iron, or of any other metal, either by
powder of iron, cast iron, or any other metal prepared by special manu-
facture.
The natural asphalte may be replaced by carbonate of lime in powder, but
in this case it is useful, although not indispensable, to compensate for the
natural bitumen of asphalte which is found wanting in carbonate of lime
by a proportionate increase of the quantity of bitumen of Bastennes or other
country, or by a proportionate quantity of oil of resin, or any other oil of
the same kind.
After having substituted for natural asphalte a carbonate of lime, I can
also substitute for the natural mineral bitumen of Bastennes or other country
gas-tar or pitch; but in this case, to compensate for the too great volatility
of the oils from these materials, it is necessary to mix with the mastic a
suitable quantity of less volatile oil, such as oil of resin or of the like nature.
I thus communicate to the mastic all the required malleability and suppleness.
This cement may be employed for buildings, coatings, roofings, metallic
sheetings, roads, streets, or footways; in a word, for all purposes where
cements or mastics are necessary; it may even be employed for painting
all materials. For roads, streets, or footways it may be employed alone,
or in the form of concrete, or with iron or wood in the form of frames, or
any other form. The forms preferable are those having the form of an 8,
formed by simple bands of iron in the form of T, or the form of unequal
and irregular corrugates, fluted, grooved, or indented sheets.
These cor-
rugations, flutings, grooves, or indentations should be unequal in size, that
is to say, that each upper corrugation, &c. should be not so large as the
lower, Fig. 1. The angles of the corrugations, &c. may be right angled,
but it is preferable that the angles should be slanting inwards towards
their bases; so as to form more or less acute angles with the base, as

page_text: shewn on the Drawing. I can also give the corrugations, &c. a more or
less conical form, approaching more or less to Fig. 2. The upper corru-
gations, &c. may be even rounded. The sheets of iron may be simply
undulated; see Fig. 3. The undulations may be more or less deep.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacques Francois Dupont de Bussac,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.