Improvements in or connected with Burners or Lamps for Burning Hydro-carbon Oils for Heating and Lighting Purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st Nov., 1895-Accepted, 1st Feb.,
1896
TRUVIDIONALE
Improvements in or connected with Burners or Lamps for Burning
Hydro-carbon Oils for Heating and Lighting Purposes.
We, WALTER DARBY and ION DARBY, both of The Weston Works, Weston
Street, King's Cross, London, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
•
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with burners or lamps
for burning any suitable hydro-carbon oils for heating and lighting purposes and
an especial object of our present improvements is to produce a large sized burner
adapted to give a most intense heat for heating purposes where same is required on
" or bath-water
a large scale for instance for such purposes as heating "geysers
heating appliances, cooking stoves, green-houses and other warming or heating
appliances, boilers or appliances for generating large quantities of steam for
condensing purposes or for any other purposes or uses to which same may be
applicable.
Our present invention is as follows:-
Over or in connection with a suitable oil tank or reservoir we arrange and mount
two or more long flat wick tubes advantageously parallel to one another though
not necessarily so-but for the sake of example we will describe a two wick or
duplex burner according to our present invention.
A central air supply passage (or passages) of a large size is (or are) provided in
any suitable manner between these two flat wicks for instance this central air
supply may be brought vertically right through the oil reservoir or such passage
or passages may be arranged so as to conduct the large supply of air in between
the two wicks in any other suitable manner.
In order to facilitate this large supply of air between the wicks according to our
present invention we set the wick tubes at a greater distance apart at their base or
other part thereof than at the point where the wicks come through the upper outlet
of said wick tubes respectively that is to say these wick tubes while set wide apart
at the lower part thereof are upwardly and inwardly inclined towards one another
but do not touch at the upper edge-a sufficient space being left between them to
enable the large volume of air to pass up between the two said flat wicks.
""
These wick tubes or part of same are or may be enclosed in any suitable manner
for instance the usual basket and restrictor or restrictors over or inside said
basket may be used or after the manner shown and described in our Patent No. 6409
of 1891-provided that a large and sufficient air supply (properly regulated) can
pass from the surrounding atmosphere to the outside of the two said flat wicks.
Over these two flat wicks with the large central air supply passage or passages
as described any suitable hood or enclosure (which may advantageously be flat on
top) is placed having only a single slit or aperture therein arranged just over said
central air supply passage (or thereabouts) the outlet or top of the wick tubes
lying parallel underneath the side edges of the said single slit or opening in said
hood or thereabouts for instance if desired same may be under or partly under
said hood and not directly under the said slit or opening therein.
The operation is as follows:-
Any suitable hydro-carbon oils may be used for instance either light or heavy
mineral oils (in the case of using heavy oils when required means should be

page_text: provided as is well understood to feed such oil close up to the point of ignition and
this may be done in any suitable manner for instance by a second feed chamber or
reservoir placed at a suitable level to keep the oil always high up in the wick
tubes or as required or a bird fountain feed may be used if desired or other suitable
means) and upon lighting both wicks of the burner thereby a strong current of air
is induced on the outside of each burner and same deflects or bends each Hamme
respectively inwards towards one another so that same pass up through the
aforesaid slit or aperture in the hood and this strong up draught induces a very
strong current or air supply to come up through the large central air supply
passage or passages which central air current prevents the two flames meeting and
carries same upward in two distinct and separate flames very perfect combustion
being obtained according to our present invention and therefore a most intense heat
or light or both being obtained as required.
In carrying out our present invention with three wicks the central wick tube is
arranged vertically and the two outside wick tubes respectively inclined towards
same a large passage (or passages) being arranged to produce a large air supply
between the central wick tube and one of the side wick tubes and a second similar
air supply arranged between the central wick tube and the other side wick tube.-
This three wick burner acting in a similar manner to the two wick burner already
described the air from the surrounding atmosphere passing in against the inwardly
inclined outside wicks and up through the single aperture in the hood and a strong
current of air respectively passing up each of the two central air supplies keeping
the three flames separated from one another; or by altering the air supply these
flames may be allowed to combine if desired as also in the case of the two-wick
burner.
The aforesaid restrictor or restrictors are also made to extend over the said
central air supply passage or passages or any other suitable reticulated material
wire gauze mesh or equivalent device may be used in said central air passages to
prevent sudden rush of air through said central passage or passages and thereby
prevent the flame being injuriously affected by sudden draughts or any such rush
of air.
Also the use of the basket or equivalent device surrounding the wick tubes is
very important to the proper working of this burner as such basket or equivalent
(or other device such as baffle plates or other wind guards may be used if suitable)
serves to prevent the flame being injuriously affected by the air currents passing to
said flame on the outsides of said wick tubes.
Furthermore if desired we may use a series of holes slits or apertures in or
round the hood advantageously the lower part thereof to admit further supply of
air to the interior of said hood as for instance in the manner shown in our aforesaid
Patent No. 6409 of 1891.
We may here remark that we have found in practice that burners constructed
according to our present improvements induce an intensely strong centra! air
current and by arranging this very large central air passage or passages by setting
the wick tubes much further apart than usual at their bases or the lower part
thereof and placing same at an inclination towards each other thereby we have
obtained very satisfactory results.
For lighting a suitable chimney may be arranged as required.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Burners or Lamps for Burning
Hydro-carbon Oils for Heating and Lighting Purposes.
We, WALTER DARBY and ION DARBY both of The Weston Works, Weston
Street, King's Cross, London, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
$6
This invention relates to improvements in or connected with burners or lamps
for burning any suitable hydro-carbon oils for heating and lighting purposes and
an especial object of our present improvements is to produce a large sized burner
adapted to give a most intense heat for heating purposes where same is required on
a large scale for instance for such purposes as heating geysers or bath-
water heating appliances, cooking-stoves, green-houses, and other warming or
heating appliances boilers or appliances for generating large quantities of steam
for condensing purposes or for any other purposes or uses to which same may be
applicable.
And in order that our present invention may be easily understood and readily
carried into practice we will proceed to fully describe same with reference to the.
drawings hereunto annexed.
Fig. 1 is a plan of a two wick burner according to our present invention-with
the "hood 0° "dome" removed.
"
Fig. 2 is a cross section on line 1-1 Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow z.
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of a three wick burner according to our present.
invention.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.
Over or in connection with a suitable oil tank or reservoir A we arrange and
mount two or more long flat wick tubes B parallel to one another-but for the sake
of example we will first describe with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 a two wick or duplex
burner according to our present invention.
A central air supply passage X (or passages) of a large size is (or are) provided
in any suitable manner between these two flat wicks B for instance this central air
supply may be brought vertically right through a central opening such as C
(see Fig. 2) in the oil reservoir or such passage or passages may be arranged so as
to conduct the large supply of air in between the two wicks B in any other suitable
manner for instance by the air entering (horizontally or thereabouts) at each end
between the wick tubes B as indicated by the arrows in Figs. 1 and 3 (either with
or without the vertical opening C) or we may conduct the air through air tubes or
pipes (not shown) extending in between the aforesaid wick tubes so as to ensure a
regular supply of air reaching all parts of the length of the wicks.
In order that this large supply of air may pass up between the flames from said
wicks according to our present invention we set the wick tubes B at a greater distance
apart at their base or lower part thereof B' than at the point where the wicks
come through the upper outlet of said wick tubes B respectively that is to say
these wick tubes B while set wide apart at the lower part thereof B₁ are upwardly
and inwardly inclined towards one another but do not touch at the upper edge
see Fig 2-a sufficient space being left between them at X to enable the large
volume of air to pass up between the two said flat wick tubes B.
These wick tubes B B' or the upper part of same are enclosed in any suitable
manner for instance the usual "basket" and restrictor or restrictors over or inside
said basket may be used or after the manner shown and described in our Patent
No. 6409 of 1891-provided that a large and sufficient air supply (properly

page_text: regulated) can pass from the surrounding atmosphere to the outside of the two said
flat wicks.
In the burner illustrated a metal frame D (carried on legs or supports D¹ fixed
to the reservoir A) has a restrictor or perforated plate E (advantageously
removable) mounted therein closely fitting around the outer side of the said
wick tubes B and a second (and advantageously separate) restrictor or perforated
plate F fixed or otherwise suitably mounted between the two said wick tubes over
the passage X so that the air is regulated at all points on its way to the point of
combustion.
The said frame D has a hinge piece or projections such as D* thereon under
which or with which engage projections or arms G' on the hood G so that the latter
can be thus readily attached or removed for lighting cleaning etc.
Over these two flat wicks with the large central air supply passage X (or
advan-
passages) as described any suitable hood or enclosure such as G (which may
tageously be flat on top) is placed having only a single slit or flame aperture G*
therein arranged just over said central air supply passage X (or thereabouts) the
outlet or top of the wick tubes B lying parallel underneath the side edges of the
said single slit or opening G* in said hood or thereabouts for instance if desired
same may be under said hood G (as shown in Fig. 2) or partly under said hood
and not directly under the said slit or opening G* therein.
"
H are the ordinary "stars" or wick raisers with winders H¹ thereon or the
wicks may be raised and lowered in any other well-known or suitable manner.
I is strong spring fixed to one of the supports D' and bent at 1' to form a
spring catch to engage a projection G2 on the hood G and hold same securely on
the frame D.
The operation is as follows:-
Any suitable hydro-carbon oil may be used for instance either light or heavy
mineral oils (in the case of using heavy oils when required means should be provided
as is well understood to feed such oil close up to the point of ignition and this
may be done in any suitable manner for instance by a second feed chamber or
reservoir (not shown) placed at a suitable level to keep the oil always high up in
the wick tubes B or as required or a bird fountain feed may be used if desired or
other suitable means-all of which are well known and understood--and upon
lighting both wicks of the burner thereby a strong current of air is induced on the
outside of each burner and same defiects or bends each flame respectively inwards
towards one another so that same pass up through the aforesaid slit or aperture G*
in the hood G and this strong up draught induces a very strong current or air
supply to come up through the large central air supply passage X (or passages)
which central air current prevents the two flames ineeting and carries same upward
in two distinct and separate flames very perfect combustion being obtained according
to our present invention and therefore a most intense heat or light or both being
obtained as required.
In carrying out our present invention with three wicks as illustrated in Fig. 4
the central wick tube B* is arranged vertically and the two outside wick tubes B
respectively inclined towards same-a large passage or passages X being arranged
to produce a large air supply between the central wick tube A* and one of the
side wick tubes B and a second similar air supply arranged between the central
wick tube B* and the other side wick tube B the position of the middle tube B*
being entirely under the slit G* while the other two tubes B are just under the
hood G as before and so on if more than three wick tubes are used.
This three wick burner acting in a similar manner to the two wick burner already
described the air from the surrounding atmosphere passing in against the inwardly
inclined outside wicks B and up through the single aperture G* in the hood and a
strong current of air respectively passing up each of the two central air supplies X
keeping the three flames separated from one another.
If desired air supply passages may also be provided in this case through the
reservoir as in Fig. 2.

page_text: Instead of the aforesaid restrictor or restrictors E and F as hereinbefore.
described any other suitable reticulated material wire gauze mesh or equivalent
device or restrictor or restrictors (suitable for the purpose) may be used to.
prevent any sudden rush of air and prevent the flame being injuriously affected
thereby.
Also the use of the device D E G surrounding the outlet or upper part of
the wick tubes is very important to the proper working of this burner as same
(either alone or if desired in combination with a "basket" or other device such
as baffle plates or other wind guards) by preventing irregular air currents passing
to the flame thereby prevent the latter being injuriously affected.
Furthermore if desired we may use a series of holes slits or apertures (not
shown) in or round the sides or ends of the hood advantageously the lower part
thereof to admit further supply of air to the interior of said hood as for instance in
the manner shown in our aforesaid Patent No. 6409 of 1891.
We may here remark that we have found in practice that burners constructed.
according to our present invention induce an intensely strong central air current
and by arranging this very large central air passage or passages (by setting the
wick tubes much further apart than usual at their bases or the lower part
thereof and placing same at an inclination towards each other) thereby we have
obtained great advantages and attained our object as aforesaid.
Any suitable chimney may be arranged or used as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what.
we claim is :-
-
1. In a burner for hydro-carbon oils the combination with a reservoir or oil
tank such as A of two inclined wick tubes such as B a hood over same such as G
carried in a support or frame such as D and horizontal restrictors such as E & F
arranged in said frame D these parts D E & F being mounted near the upper end
of said wick tubes B thus providing a clear air space between the underside of
said frame D and the reservoir A. so as to admit air endwise between and all
round said wick tubes B B substantially in the manner and for the purposes.
hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings hereunto.
annexed.
2. In a burner for hydro-carbon oils the combination with a reservoir or oil tank
such as A of two inclined wick tubes such as B with one or more vertical tubes
such as B* thereinbetween a hood over same such as G carried in a support or
frame such as D and horizontal restrictors such as E & F arranged in said frame D
these parts DE & F being mounted near the upper end of said wick tubes thus
providing a clear air space between the underside of said frame D and the
reservoir A so as to admit air endwise between and all round said wick tubes B B.
substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and
illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
3. The improved arrangement and construction of burners for hydro-carbon oils.
substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and.
illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 1st day of November 1895.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.