InnovEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lyell Groundwater, of Bridge Street,
Greenwich, Engineer, and Henry Prince, of the Grove, Great Guildford
יד
of TeenBABY
LETTERS PATENT to William Lyell Groundwater, of Bridge Street,
Greenwich, Engineer, and Henry Prince, of the Grove, Great Guildford
Street, Southwark, Iron Founder, for the Invention of "InnovEMENTS
IN PUMPS."
Scaled the 2nd February 1858, and dated the 11th August 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lyell Ground-
water and Henry Prince at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 11th August 1857.
We, WILLIAM LYELL GROUNDWATER, of Bridge Street, Greenwich, Engineer,
and HENRY PRINCE, of the Grove, Great Guildford Street, Southwark, Iron
Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PUMPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in pumps. For these pur-
poses two cylinders or barrels are used, each having a piston working therein,
and a passage at the top and at the bottom for the fluid ways. Each of these
cylinders may be cast with its own part of the valve box, and the two parts
fixed together, or the two cylinders with their valve boxes between them may
be all cast in one. The piston rods of the two pumps are by preference worked
by a two-throw crank shaft, the cranks being on opposite sides of the shaft, or
they may be actuated by other convenient means. The two cylinders and
their valve box are fixed on a base plate, from the under surface of which is
fixed a cast part of the suction pipe, above which there are four passages
through the base plate, on which are placed four valves. The space between
the two cylinders, whether produced in one or more castings, is divided into
four chambers, one to each of the valves. Each of the cylinders or barrels, as
heretofore, has its own cover and stufling box. The four outlet passages for

page_text: the outlet valves are formed in the cover of the valve box, which may have an
air vessel or a cistern formed above with a suitable delivery outlet therefrom.
The valves preferred are flap valves, but they are hung in such manner as
to facilitate their removal and change. Each valve is formed with an axis
at one side, which when in use is passed into bearings which are of a hook-
formed shape, which allow the axis to be passed into them when the valve is
nearly upright, so that when rising with the water the axis as well as the valve
rises in its bearings, and the valve does not rise into an inclined position till
the axis of the valve is stopped from rising further.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Lyell Groundwater and Henry Prince in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 10th February 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
LYELL GROUNDWATER, of Bridge Street, Greenwich, Engineer, and HENRY
PRINCE, of the Grove, Great Guildford Street, Southwark, Iron Founder,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Lyell Groundwater and Henry Prince, Her special licence
that we, the said William Lyell Groundwater and Henry Prince, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William
Lyell Groundwater and Henry Prince, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said William Lyell Groundwater and Henry Prince, our exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Prince, on behalf of myself and
the said William Lyell Groundwater, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in pumps. For these pur-
poses two cylinders or barrels are used, each having a piston working therein,
and a passage at the top and at the bottom for the fluid ways. Each of these
cylinders may be cast with its own part of the valve box, and the two parts
fixed together, or the two cylinders with their valve boxes between them may
be all cast in one. The piston rods of the two pumps are by preference
worked by a two-throw crank shaft, the cranks being on opposite sides of the
shaft, or they may be actuated by other convenient means. The two cylinders
and their valve box are fixed on a base plate, from the under surface of which
is fixed or cast part of the suction pipe, above which there are four passages
through the base plate, on which are placed four valves. The space between
the two cylinders, whether produced in one or more castings, is divided into
four chambers, one to each of the valves. Each of the cylinders or barrels
as heretofore has its own cover and stuffing box. The four outlet passages for
the outlet valves are formed in the cover of the valve box, which may have
an air vessel or a cistern formed above, with a suitable delivery outlet there-
from. The valves preferred are flap valves, but they are hung in such manner
as to facilitate their removal and change. Each valve is formed with an axis
at one side, which when in use is passed into bearings which are of a hook-
formed shape, which allow the axis to be passed into them when the valve is
nearly upright, so that when rising with the water the axis as well as the
valve rises in its bearings, and the valve does not rise into an inclined
position till the axis of the valve is stopped from rising further.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed
more fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a vertical section of two double-acting pump cylinders, and
valve box or chamber between them, combined according to our Invention.
Figures 2, 3, and 4 are horizontal sections, taken respectively at the dotted
lines a, c, e, in Figure 1; in Figure 5 the peculiar arrangement of the valves
is shown separately. In each of these Figures the same letters are used to
indicate the same parts.
A, A, are the two pump barrels or cylinders; B, C, D, and E, are four

page_text: valve chambers, into which the space between the two cylinders or barrels A
is divided; F is the suction passage; G is the cistern or receiving chamber,
formed with air vessel H above it, but this may be dispensed with; I is the
outlet passage; J, K, L, M, are the four inlet or suction valves; J, K, L,
and M', are the four outlet valves; N and O are the pistons which respectively
work in the barrels or cylinders A. As the piston N rises the valve K opens,
and the water rises into the chamber E, and into the barrel A, at the same
time the water above the piston N is forced out through the valve M' into the
cistern G. During this operation of the piston N the piston O descends and
forces the water below it into the chamber B and through the valve L' into the
cistern G, and the water will at the same time rise through the valve J into
the chamber D. On the return stroke of the pistons N and O the water
below the piston N will be fored into the chamber E, and into the valve K¹,
into the cistern G, the water at the same time rising through the valve M into
the chamber C and into the pump cylinder, and the piston O in rising will
force the water from above it into the chamber D, and then through the
valve J¹; the water will also rise through the valve L into the chamber B,
and into the pump barrel or cylinder. By removing the vessel or cistern
which covers the upper valves all the valves may be readily got at. It will
be seen by reference to Figure 5 that the valves are flap valves, each being
formed with an axis on one side, the ends of which pass into the hook-form
bearings q, which are so formed as to allow the ends of the axis r to pass into
the bearings, when the valve is held nearly upright, and when pressed on
by the water the valve rises, and the axis also rises more into the spaces
between the hooked bearings, by which the valves are securely retained when
at work.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that we do not claim
the separate mechanical parts, and the details may be varied; but what we
claim is the combination of parts herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Prince, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
HENRY PRINCE. (L.s.)
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.