AN IM- PROVED WASH-STAND, PART OF WHICH JS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Kelly, of Erdington, near Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Plumber, for the Invention of "AN IM-
PROVED WASH-STAND, PART OF WHICH JS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER USEFUL
PURPOSES
"
Sealed the 22nd May 1860, and dated the 5th December 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Kelly at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
December 1859.
I, EDWARD KELLY, of Erdington, near Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
'AN IMPROVED WASH-STAND, PART OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER
USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows (that is to say):-
My improvements consist in surrounding the basins of wash-stands with a
reservoir to be filled from a funnel or mouth conveniently placed, and below
the basin another reservoir is placed for receiving the waste water. Between
the bottom of the basin and the second reservoir a three-way tap is secured,
with a handle conveniently placed, which being turned in one direction allows
the water to flow from the basin into the waste reservoir below, cutting off all
connection with the top reservoir, and, by turning it in another direction, the
water will flow from the top reservoir into the basin through a perforated
bottom, and all connection with the lower reservoir will be cut off; and, when
[Price 8d.1

page_text: properly filled or supplied, the connection between the reservoir and the basin
may also be cut off by the position of the tap, and this coutroul and range of
the tap.admits of the basin being emptied, and supplied with hot water in the
ordinary way, when desired, or the cold water may be admitted untill the
water in the basin maybe reduced to the desired temperature; and the manner
1 propose drawing off the water from the lower cisteru is by allowing it to
flow into a hollow plug, which may be a fixture, and over which a barrel
works, to which a spout is attached, by the rising and falling of which the
waterway will become open or closed. Thus, for instance, when the spout is
elevated under the cistern, the passage of the water will be cut off, and when
turned down for delivering the water into a pail or bucket for removal, the
waterway through the plug to the spout will be open.
This apparatus may be suitably connected and applied to stands of any
pattern or design, but in a general way I propose that the top and basin
should be formed in one piece, say, of earthenware, the three-way tap being
applied to a suitable projection at the bottom of the basin for that purpose;
and, if preferred, separate taps may be applied, one for supplying the basin,
and the other for allowing the water to escape to the waste reservoir below,
the delivery pipe and spout as before described being also applicable for
other useful purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Kelly in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th June 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
KELLY, of Erdington, near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Plumber,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Kelly, Her special license that I, the said Edward Kelly, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Kelly, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED WASH-STAND, PART
OF WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Edward Kelly, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Kelly, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
-
My improvements in wash-stands consist in providing a reservoir so situated
that the water it contains shall flow, when required, from the reservoir through
the waterway of a peculiar constructed tap connected with the reservoir, and
to a perforated plate and socket fitting the bottom of the wash-basin, and to a
lower or waste reservoir a delivery or waste pipe is attached, to be hereafter
referred to. The reservoirs may be made of lead or zinc, or other suitable
metal or material, placed at the back or underneath the top, resting upon the
stand according to the style or manner of fitting up; as, for instance, the stand
may be made of wood after the pattern of the most modern or approved design,
and the top or wash-boards may be made of wood or marble, as may be pre-
ferred, and the basin, which may be of the ordinary kind (china or otherwise),
may be fitted down and applied by the perforated plate before referred to,
being partially pushed through a hole in the bottom, and tapped or screwed
into the socket of the tap before named; or the wash-boards, top, basin, and
reservoirs may be economically made of sheet zinc or copper, finished on their
exposed surfaces by being painted to imitate wood, marble, or other material,
as desired; and this part, being fitted to a suitable support, will form a useful
and convenient wash-stand, to be used in the following way:-By turning the
plug of the tap underneath the basin in one direction, the water will flow from
the reservoir through the tap, and descend through the metallic perforated
bottom in the basin, and when a sufficient quantity has flowed into the basin,
the connection may be cut off, and after using the water, by turning the tap in
another direction it will flow from the basin into the waste reservoir, to be
carried away as convenient, or to fall into a pail placed for receiving it; and,
in some instances, I connect the waste pipe to a suitable hollow ground plug,
over which a collar works, having a spout formned or soldered to it, so that
when the spout is standing up, the connection with the waterway of the waste

page_text: pipe is cut off, but by turning the spout down, the waterway will be opened,
thereby allowing the waste water to descend and run out laterally into a
pail for removal.
This kind of tap or arrangement for drawing fluids will be found highly
useful for a variety of purposes, as the mere act of elevating or depressing the
nose of the delivery pipe will cut off or open the waterway of such taps.
And the whole apparatus, as will be hereafter seen, may be used with great
advantage in mixing compounds, the principal bulk or liquid ingredient
being placed in the reservoir may be allowed to flow in certain quantities
into the basin, there to be mixed as desired, when it may be drawn off in
measured quantities into bottles or other vessels, by regulating the capacity
of the pipe or lower reservoir between the top regulating and lower
drawing-off tap; but as my Invention will be better understood by referring
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, I will proceed to describe the same,
reference being made to the letters and figures marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a double wash-stand as fitted up with my
improvements, the reservoir for holding the spare water being fixed imme-
diately below the top, and which water I purpose supplying through a hole in
the top, underneath the soap dish A. B, B, are the knobs for regulating or
supplying and emptying the wash-basins; and C is the drawing-off pipe,
which being brought forward or turned towards the end, according to the
manner in which it is adjusted, will open the waterway for the water in
the lower reservoir to run off into a pail placed for receiving it. The object
for exhibiting this Figure is simply to show that my improvements do not
interfere in any way with the general design of wash-stands fitted with my
improvements, as they may be made in the most elaborate style, or fitted
up in series even in the brick or stone work of the building or walls of the
room in which they may be required to be used, such as the dormitories
of colleges, schools, or other situations, in which case the reservoir may be
in any suitable external position, having a main pipe supplying the series,
or each separate basin, as may be required, and in like manner the waste
water may be carried off through one pipe, thereby rendering the use of a
reservoir for waste water, or pail for removing it, unnecessary.
Fig. 2 represents a front view of a single wash-stand, the top wash-boards,
basin, and supply and waste reservoirs being made altogether of zinc; the part
marked D is fitted with a hinge joint at the back, in order for it to be lifted
up for supplying the water and air to the top reservoir, and when down, as

page_text: here shown, forms a bracket for a candle or other rest; these combined parts
or body is supported on the frame and stand beneath, which of course may be
of any design. The knob E is connected with the plug of the tap, not shown
in this view, the turning of which in one direction will open the waterway for
the water to flow from the reservoir into the basin, and by reversing the knob
the waterway from the reservoir to the basin will be closed, but a channel will
be opened for the water to descend to the waste or lower reservoir, to be
drawn off when required through the delivery pipe F, to be caught in the
slop pail G; but independent of the opening of the waterway by the knob
E from the basin to the waste reservoir, the delivery pipe F is also fitted
over a loose plug, and becomes of itself a distinct tap or means of stopping
or controuling the flow of the waste water, for by turning the delivery pipe
F up in the direction of the dotted lines, the waterway through the plug
(on which it works) will be cut off.
Fig. 3 represents a vertical section of Figure Two, as taken through the
dotted lines a, a. H, H, H, is the top reservoir, the capacity of which may be
increased (as here shown) by making the wash-boards hollow; the part
marked D is a cover secured with a hinge-joint that, when thrown back
would be in the position shown by the dotted lines; J is the basin, and 6 the
perforated plate going through its bottom and united to the tap C, which is
so constructed that by connecting it with the reservoirs in the position here
shown the water will flow from the reservoir into the basin through the square
slot or waterway d, d, and by turning the slot d.d, upward the opening now at
the top of the plug will beat the reverse side, thereby cutting off the admission
of water from the top reservoir to the basin, but open the way from the basin
to the waste reservoir I, I, and pipe K, but from which the water will not be
able to escape untill the delivery pipe F is turned down, as at Figure Two.
For convenience the hollow plug e, on which the base of the delivery pipe
works, is cast in connection with a circular plate (as shown at f, Figure
Two), for securing it behind the front leg or support.
If it had been desired to have applied two basins to the stand, as exhibited
at Figure Two, and additional knob and tap C would have been required, as also
a waste and delivery pipe, which might have been conveniently brought down
and fixed behind the left leg, as now represented on the right; but in close
stands, as at Fig. 4, the delivery pipe F will not be required, nor is, indeed, a
second or waste reservoir indispensable, as a pail, as here shown, may be
placed within for receiving the waste water as allowed to run through the
pipe g, the door L of this stand being represented open for the purpose of
exhibiting the pail. The tap
may be fitted up,,as here shown, and closed
h

page_text: within the door, or the plug of the tap may be made of sufficient length as
to admit of any convenient handle or knob being applied on the outside.
The part M, with the wash-board N, and lower reservoir N1, N', I purpose
to be made altogether of zinc, on account of the facilities it affords for
holding a larger quantity of water in its interior, which water may be
applied through the part O, as of Figure Two, by lifting up the cover fitted
to it. Fig. 5 is simply a top view at Figure Four.
Fig. 6 represents a side view of the top tap, full size, connected with
a socket and perforated plate, showing how these parts are united or
connected together, and secured to the basin, which is also partly shown
in section, marked P, P, and held between the outer flange of the per-
forated plate Q and the leather washer k, k, and the flange of the socket
R, R, the parts being united together by being tapped and screwed, which
also forms the simplest mode of making and connecting the socket R with the
tap S; the
part 1, 1, must be united or connected with the reservoir, and this
part has an opening or waterway through it, corresponding with the dotted
oblong square marked m, m, and the part n, n, is identical with 1, 1, to be con-
nected with the waste reservoir and pipe; the plug T must be ground and
fitted in the ordinary way, its inner end being also cast hollow, and has a slot
passing through from its exterior, and which slot is in shape and position, say
as exhibited by the dotted lines m, m, which cuts off the waterway but by
turning the plug around, so that the part m, m, shall come immediately below
1,1, the waterway will be open for the water to flow through the hollow plug
into the socket R, and ascend in the direction of the arrows into the basin, all
connection with the part m, m, being now cut off; but by turning the plug
down untill the dotted square m, m, is over the lower waterway n, n, the con-
nection with the top reservoir will be cut off, and the opening with the basin
formed, so that the water may run back and descend in the direction of the
arrow p to the waste reservoir, pipe, or slop pail, as may be desired. On the
front end of the plug T a square is formed for receiving the means of turning
the plug, whether that be by means of a fixed key, knob, handle, or otherwise,
as convenient; or this part of the plug may be cast with a hollow recess in it
for receiving the square end of a spindle in connection with the knob, as shown
at E, Figure Three. And I will here observe, that the construction of the tap
being such as to cut off at one time all connection with the top or waste
reservoir, it admits of hot water being poured into the basin, and used when
desired; or cold water may be admitted from the supply reservoir to reduce the
warm or hot water to the desired temperature; or in case of the top reservoir
being made of copper or other suitable metal, it may be so constructed that

page_text: gas or other means may be applied for heating the water when required,
and such water, when used, may be drawn off as before described.
Fig. 7 also represents full size, and partly in section, the tap and delivery
pipe, as exhibited at F and e, Figure Three, the plate ff, is for screwing or
uniting it in the position required. U is a concentric hollow plug in connec-
tion with the part V, V, for uniting it to the waste pipe. On the lower side
of the hollow plug U a slot is formed marked 7, 7, and over this plug a ground
annular collar is fitted, and which collar is here shown in section marked t, t,
having a slot and shauk formed on it for the better convenience of uniting it
to the delivery pipe F, and in the relative position of the hollow plug and the
delivery pipe, as here shown; the waterway through the parts is entirely cut
off, but by turning the delivery pipe down in the reverse of its present position
the part u will be immediately opposite the slot 7, 7, and the waterway will be
opened for the water to flow down in the direction of the arrows, to be delivered
as at Figure Two. Fig. 8 represents a side view of Figure Seven with the
plate ff, shown in dotted lines, as this plate is only required for securing the
parts permanently in the place or position in which they may be required for
use, but anyother mode of fixing otherwise than the plate here shown may be
adopted. In using this description of tap for other purposes, such for instance
as the drawing off of fluids from wood or other vessels; the part marked V
may be elongated, as shown in dotted lines, or this form of extension may be
formed in continuation with the plug U, in the place of the plate f, or other
means may be provided like the ordinary taps for applying or securing them to
casks or vessels as required. This description of tap will be found from its
simplicity of construction of advantage for drawing off oil or a variety of other
fluids where the use of a keyis unnecessary, and in themixingormanufacturing
of certain description of compounds, the combined arrangement of a reservoir
with a mixing basin and a regulating tap, as described and exhibited at
Figure Six, either with or without the lower reservoir or tap (described and
exhibited at Figures Seven and Eight) will be found of great advantage, not
only as regards the general work of mixing, but also in the drawing off, as the
connection between the top tap Figure Six and the lower one Figure Seven
may be so regulated as to accurately measure any quantity that may be desired
to be placed for sale or otherwise in jars, bottles, or other vessels.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner in which the same
may be carried into effect, I wish it understood that I do not pretend to have
invented the application of reservoirs in connection with wash-stands or
basins, nor in the use of a waste pipe to carry away the waste water, as that
also is old and commonly used; but what I claim and wish protected by these

page_text: my in part recited Letters Patent is, the general arrangement herein described
and exhibited of fitting up and constructing wash-stands as far as relates to
the means of supplying, holding, regulating, and drawing off the water of
such stands, and I further claim the use of such means, either separately or
combined for other useful purposes, without confining myself to the general
details as to shape or mode of making or uniting, as the whole may be greatly
varied without departing from the spirit of my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Kelly, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
JAMES S. COCKINGS, Patent Agent,
26, Ann Street,
Birmingham.
EDWARD KELLY. (L.S.)