Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Sept., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 13th July, 1838
Complete Specification Accepted, 17th Aug., 1888
We, EDWIN WINSER, FRANKLIN WINSER, and JULIAN WINSER, all merchants and
manufacturers, of Portland Mills, Harter Street, Manchester, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
The invention relates to a method of treating clay and gypsum, and has for its
object the effecting of saving of manual labour, and other economies.
In carrying out the invention we effect the operations by a mechanical arrangement,
and in lieu of the existing method of heating we bring the material into intimate
or direct contact with the flame of combustion of either solid or gaseous fuel, but we
usually prefer to use the latter. We employ a special description of revolving
furnace through which the flame or products of combustion pass on their way to the
chimney, or, in some instances when higher temperature furnaces are required, the
same are passed into recuperative chambers. We incline the revolving furnace from
the horizontal line, so that the material, after being fed into the higher end of the
furnace, gradually gravitates to the lower end. In order to prevent a too rapid
gravitation of the material, and to ensure its being properly distributed through the
flame, we employ internal refractory linings for the cylinder, arranged in a special
manner. In one form we use short lengths of longitudinal shelves or projections,
placed in series, and at different angles, fixed into the circumference, so that there are
alternately grooves and then shelves; the latter, on being revolved, lift the material
and spread it through the flames. Another variation we adopt, is to form the grooves
in the refractory lining in spiral or corkscrew form. We also provide an Archimedian
screw apparatus for feeding material into the mouth of the cylinder, and the feed pipe
we may make of fireclay, plumbago, iron, or other suitable substance of a sufficiently
refractory character
At the lower end of the revolving cylinder there is a combustion chamber which
may be filled with chequer or other brickwork, so as to ensure complete combustion
before the products of combustion enter into the cylinder, and so prevent the
deposition and mixing of the solid carbon with the materials undergoing treatment.

page_text: In order to prevent the deposition of "blacks or carbon from the flame in the
cylinder, and thereby damaging the material, we may feed the material to be treated
into the centre of a cylindrical retort placed in the centre of a revolving furnace, and
kept in position by means of wedge shaped projections from the linings of the
cylinder but leaving ample space for the passage of the flame around the central
retort. At the lower end of this central retort we provide perforations, or an annular
space or spaces for the purpose of allowing the material to fall into a catch pit,
in which we fix an inclined plate, down which the finished material falls, and from
whence it may be removed automatically by screw conveyance or otherwise.
When using gaseous fuel we employ, by preference, a Thwaite twin gas producer―
but other producers may be adopteil-which may be built in close contact, or at such
a distance from the revolving cylinder as may be desired. In order to prevent the
loss of material from its being carried into the flues, we use a catch chamber provided
with checks, or dust arresting walls, and provided with doors for cleaning purposes.
In order to effect the complete combustion of the gaseous fuel or solid fuel with
a minimum degree of chimney draught, so as to reduce the velocity of the gases
passing through the cylinder, and to prevent or minimise the amount of fine dust
carried into the chimney flue by the gases, we employ, when requisite, a forced
draught, acquired from a fan or other form of blower, placed in convenient proximity
to the combustion end of the furnace; and, for the purpose of more completely
recovering, and at the same time partially drying the material that may be carried
away from the cylinder by the gases, we construct a clay depositing apparatus
connected with the flues of one or more furnaces. The construction of this said
portion of our apparatus is as follows:-at the end of the furnace flues we provide a
vertical up and down tube arrangement, the former being connected to the flue from
the cylinder furnace hereinbefore described, and the latter connected with the chimney
flue. The gases may be diverted into the upcast tube by lowering a damper fixed in
the chimney flue between the upcast and downcast tube connections with the chimney
flue. The upcast tube is a considerable height, and is connected to a depositing
chamber into which the upcast tube delivers the gases and deposited dust. The flow
of the gases being, upon entering the depositing chamber in a downward direction,
the lower part of the depositing chamber is conical shaped, and the bottom thereof is
formed of a balanced door, which, when a certain weight or mass of deposited clay or
other material has accumulated, automatically opens, and the deposited dust falls into
a spout connected to the feed hopper of the revolving furnace. We prefer to drive
the cylinder by belt and worm gearing but other driving arrangement may be
employed, and we incline the cylinder at different angles according to the nature
of the material to be treated.
Dated this 14th day of September 1887.
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester,
Agent.

page_text: We, EDWIN WINSER, FRANKLIN WINSER, and JULIAN WINSER, all Merchants and
Manufacturers, of Portland Mills, Harter Street, Manchester, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
'1
The invention relates to a method of treating clay and gypsum, or similar sub-
stances, and has for object the effecting of saving of manual labour, and other
economies.
In carrying out our invention we effect the operation by a mechanical arrangement,
and in lieu of the existing method of heating we bring the material into intimate or
direct contact with the flame of combustion of either solid liquid or gaseous fuel, but
we usually prefer the latter. We employ a special description of revolving furnace
through which the flame or products of combustion pass on their way to the chimney,
or,. in some instances when higher temperatures are required the same may be passed
into recuperative chambers.
In the accompanying drawings, on Sheet 1, Fig. 1, represents a longitudinal.
section of apparatus arranged in accordance with our invention; and Fig. 2, a
transverse section of the cylindrical revolving portion; while Fig. 3, shows another
transverse section to illustrate a modification thereof.
On Sheet 2, Fig. 4, shows a side elevation; Fig. 5, a front elevation; and Fig. 6,
a plan view of depositing apparatus; while Figs. 7 and 8 show certain details, on an
enlarged scale, of the apparatus for automatic delivery of the material.
The same letters indicate corresponding parts, wherever they occur.
We incline the revolving furnace, which is shown in Fig. 1, from the horizontal
line, to a greater or less extent according to the internal form thereof, and the nature
of the substance to be treated, in such manner that the material, after being fed into
the higher end of the furnace, by means of the hopper a, and through the shoot
or pipe. b,-gradually gravitates to the lower end.
In order to prevent a too rapid gravitation of the material, and to ensure its being
properly distributed through the flame, we employ internal refractory linings for
the cylinder, arranged in a special manner. In one form, as shown in the drawings,
we use short lengths of longitudinal shelves, or segmental projections c, c; c¹, c¹;
c², c²; c³, c³; c³, c, and c, c, placed in series, and at different angles, fixed into the
circumference, so that there are alternately grooves and then shelves or projections;
the latter, on being revolved, lift the material and spread it through the flames.
Another variation we adopt, is to form the grooves in the refractory lining in spiral
or cork-screw form, either in regular or irregular formation, as will be readily
understood without illustration.

page_text: We also provide, when necessary, an archimedian screw apparatus for feeding
material into the mouth of the cylinder, and the feed pipe or shoot we may make
of fireclay, plumbago, iron or other suitable substance of a sufficiently refractory
character.
At the lower end of the revolving cylinder there is a combustion chamber, either
as shown in the drawings or of other form, and may be filled with chequer or other
brickwork, so as to ensure complete combustion before the products of combustion
enter into the cylinder, and so prevent the deposition and mixing of the solid carbon
with the materials undergoing treatment.
In order to prevent the deposition of "blacks" or carbon from the flame in the
cylinder, and thereby damaging material of a specially delicate character, we may feed
the material to be treated into the cylinder or cylindrical retort E, as shown in Fig. 3
of sheet 1, in the drawings, and forming a modification of our invention. This retort
or cylinder may be plain or otherwise, and is placed in the centre, or thereabouts, of
the revolving furnace, and kept in position by means of wedge shaped or other
projections from the linings of the cylinder; but leaving ample space for the passage
of the flame around the central cylinder or retort. At the lower end of this central
cylinder or retort we provide perforations, or an annular space or spaces for the
purpose of allowing the material to fall into a catch pit, as at j, j, in which we
may fix an inclined plate, down which the finished material may fall into a well,
and from whence it may be removed automatically by screw conveyance or
otherwise.
When using gaseous fuel we employ, by preference, a Thwaite's twin gas producer-
but other producers may be adopted-which may be built in close contact with, or at
such distance from, the revolving cylinder as may be desired; and from which the
gaseous fuel is led to the combustion chamber by means of the flue K and pipe ;
part of the air supply to support combustion entering by the valve m.
The Hame
passes through the opening m into the revolving furnace, and is carried forward therein
to the desired extent.
In order to effect the complete combustion of the gaseous fuel, or solid fuel as the
case may be, with a minimum degree of chimney draught, so as to reduce the velocity
of the gases passing through the cylinder, and to prevent or minimise the amount of
fine dust carried into the chimney flue by the gases, we employ, when requisite, a
forced draught, acquired from a fan as shown at o, or other form of blower, placed in
convenient proximity to the combustion end of the furnace.
And, for the purpose of more completely recovering, and at the same time partially
drying the material that may be carried away from the cylinder by the gases, we
construct a depositing chamber or apparatus connected with the flues of one or more
furnaces.
The construction of this said portion of our apparatus is as follows:-at the end of
the furnace flues we provide a vertical up and down tube arrangement, the former
being connected to the flue from the cylinder furnace hereinbefore described, and the
latter connected with the chimney flue.
The gases may be diverted into the upcast tube or tubes by lowering or otherwise
actuating a damper fixed in the chimney flue between the upcast and downcast tube
connections with the chimney flue. The upcast tube is of considerable height, and is
connected to a depositing chamber, into which the upcast tube delivers the gases and
deposited dust.
The flow of the gases being, upon entering the depositing chamber, in a downward
direction, the lower part of the depositing chamber is conical shaped, and the bottom
thereof is formed of a balanced door, which, when a certain weight or mass of
deposited clay or other material bas accumulated, automatically opens, and the
deposited dust falls into a spout connected to the feed hopper of the revolving
furnace.
In Figs. 4, 5, and 6, on sheet 2, one form of depositing apparatus is shown, in
which the waste gases from the furnace ascend the upcast tubes p.p, and descend into
the lower portion of the chamber r, r, in consequence of the division or diaphragm t, t.

page_text: Here the particles of dust are deposited, and the freed gases ascend by the tube v, v,
to the chimney flues. The dust accumulates on the rocking door 16, 20, until its weight
overcomes the balance weight a, a, hanging at the end of the lever y, y, when the dust
is automatically deposited into the receptacle z, z, from which it is led into the feed
hopper of the revolving cylinder furnace before described.
Figs. 7, and 8, are enlarged views, in section and plan of the automatic rocking
door of the depositing chamber refered to, but other forms of depositing apparatus
may he employed, or such may be dispensed with entirely in some cases, and other
variations in detail may be made without departing from the peculiar character of the
invention. We prefer to drive the revolving cylinder by belt and worm gearing; but
other driving arrangements may be employed, and the inclination of the cylinder and
the internal structure thereof may be regulated according to the nature of the material
to be treated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what imanner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The employment of a revolving furnace for the treatment by heat of clay,
gypsum,
and similar substances, whether in connection or not with a depositing
apparatus, or more than one, when such revolving furnace is of the nature and
employed for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein shown and
described.
2. The employment in connection with revolving furnaces in the treatment of clay,
gypsum, or similar substances, of depositing apparatus, or more than one such for
each furnace of the nature and for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein
shown and described.
Dated this 12th day of July 1888
WILLIAM GADD, C.E.,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester,
Agent.