IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1885

page_text: We HARRY HOLDEN of Saint Simon Street, Salford in the County of Lancaster
Engineer ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE of Saint Simon Street Salford aforesaid
Engineer and THOMAS HENRY WHITE of Ordsall Terrace, Crowther Street, Regent
Road Salford aforesaid Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our invention.
for IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER
LIQUIDS to be as follows:
Our invention relates to injectors for raising and forcing water and other liquids
and consists in arrangements by which the usefulness and efficiency of such
apparatus is increased.
Our invention relates firstly to injectors intended to be employed in situations in
which the injector is situato a considerable height above the level of the supply of
water or other liquid.
According to this part of our invention we provide each of such injectors with
two steam nozzles each of which steam nozzles is used in conjunction with a
combining nozzle or tube and one of which steam nozzles with its combining nozzle
or tube we employ to raise water or other liquid to the injector and which steam
nozzle and combining tube or nozzle we shall hereinafter for convenience of
description call the drawing or suction steam nozzle and drawing or suction
combining nozzle or tube respectively while we employ the other steam nozzle with
its combining nozzle or tube to force the water or other liquid after being raised as
aforesaid which latter steam nozzle and its combining nozzle or tube we shall for
convenience of description hereinafter call the forcing or propelling steam nozzle
and forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube respectively-We provide the
injector aforesaid with a cavity or chamber formed within the casing of such
injector The drawing or suction steam nozzle and combining nozzle or tube above
mentioned are in communication with the cavity or chamber above referred to and
also with the pipe by which water or other liquid is supplied to the injector-The
cavity or chamber above referred to also communicates with the forcing or
propelling nozzles above referred to-We also provide the said injector with a
valve or valves and suitable passages formed in the said injector by which valve or
valves and suitable passages the supply of steam to the drawing or suction steam
nozzle and the forcing or propelling steam nozzle may be controlled so that steam

page_text: is first admitted to the drawing or suction steam nozzle and afterwards to the
forcing or propelling steam nozzle-When steam is admitted to the drawing or
suction steam nozzle water or other liquid will be raised to the cavity or chamber
aforesaid and upon steam being admitted to the forcing or propelling steam nozzle
the said water or other liquid will be propelled or forced to feed a steam boiler or
for any other purpose We provide the cavity or chamber above referred to with a
valve or valves retained in contact with its or their seat or seats by its or their own
weight or by means of a spring or springs such valve or valves being for the
purpose of allowing water or other liquid to escape from the cavity or chamber
above mentioned when the injector is being started and preventing the entrance of
air or vapour into the interior of the cavity or chamber aforesaid when the injector
is at work.
In some cases we dispense with the valve or valves above mentioned for
regulating the supply of steam to the injector above described and also dispense
with the valve or valves upon the cavity or chamber before mentioned and in such
cases we provide the forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube with a
supplementary overflow opening or openings in addition to the ordinary overflow
opening or openings-We enclose the supplementary overflow opening or openings
aforesaid within a cavity or chamber or cavities or chambers provided with a valve
or valves which will allow steam or water or other liquid or steam and water or
other liquid to escape when the injector is being started and upon the said injector
commencing to work prevent the entrance of air or vapour into the cavity or
chamber or cavities or chambers before mentioned.
Our invention also refers to injectors of the class in which each injector is
provided with a valve or valves or any equivalent therefor for permitting the
escape of steam or water or other liquid or steam and water or other liquid when
such injectors are being started to work and for preventing the entrance of air or
vapour when the said injectors are at work and our invention also consists in a
method of and means for closing the valve or valves aforesaid or any equivalent
therefor as soon as the injector commences to work-In carrying this part of our
invention into effect we provide the valve or valves aforesaid or the equivalent
therefor with a piston diaphragm or other suitable apparatus enclosed within a
cylinder or chamber which cylinder or chamber is supplied with steam water or
other fluid under pressure Such steam water or other fluid acting upon the above
mentioned piston diaphragm or other suitable apparatus tends to keep the said
valve or valves or other equivalents therefor closed-We form the piston diaphragm
or other suitable apparatus of such proportion relative to the previously mentioned
valve or valves or other equivalents therefor that steam or water or other liquid or
steam and water or other liquid can readily escape from the injector when such
injector is being started to work.
Our invention further consists in arrangements for preventing the indraught
of air at the ordinary or supplementary overflow opening or openings of injectors
when such injectors are at work.
The said arrangements consist in causing a jet or jets of steam to blow across or
flow around the ordinary or supplementary overflow opening or openings before
mentioned and thereby preventing air froin being drawn in at such ordinary or
supplementary overflow opening or openings before mentioned when the injector is
at work.

page_text: WE HARRY HOLDEN of Saint Simon Street Salford in the County of Lancaster
Engineer ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE of Saint Simon Street, Salford aforesaid
Engineer and THOMAS HENRY WHITE of Ordsall Terrace, Crowther Street, Regent
Road Salford aforesaid Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER
LIQUIDS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Our invention relates to injectors for raising and forcing water and other liquids
and consists in arrangements by which the usefulness and efficiency of such
apparatus is increased.
Our invention relates firstly to injectors intended to be employed in situations
in which the injector is situate a considerable height above the level of the supply
of water or other liquid. In order that this part of our invention may be
thoroughly understood and readily carried into effect we will now proceed to
describe the same by reference to the drawings hereunto annexed in which drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of an injector constructed according to the first part
of our invention. a is the casing of the injector which casing carries two steam
nozzles numbered b. c respectively which steam nozzles b. c. act in conjunction with
combining nozzles or tubes d. e respectively-We employ the steam nozzle b with
its combining nozzle or tube d. to raise water or other liquid to the injector-We
shall hereinafter for convenience of description call the steam-nozzle b and the
combining nozzle or tube d the drawing or suction steam nozzle b and drawing or
suction combining nozzle or tube d respectively-We employ the steam nozzle c
and the combining nozzle or tube e to force the water or other liquid after it has
been raised to the injector by the drawing or suction steam nozzle b and drawing
or suction combining nozzle or tube d and for convenience of description we shall
hereinafter call the steam nozzle c and the combining nozzle or tube e the forcing
or propelling steam nozzle c and forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube e
respectively. We provide the injector with a chamber or cavity f formed within
the casing of such injector.
The drawing or suction steam nozzle b and drawing or suction combining nozzle
or tube d are in communication with the chamber or cavity f and also with the
pipe g through which water or other liquid is caused by the injector to pass-The
chamber or cavity falso communicates with the forcing or propelling steam nozzle c
is the
and forcing or propelling combining nozzle or, tube e above mentioned.
pipe through which the injector draws the water or other liquid which pipe g is
secured to the casing a of the injector by means of the union g¹.
The drawing or suction steam nozzle b is carried by a cross pièce 63 formed in
a part b¹ secured within the casing a of the injector-Through the side of the
forcing or propelling steam nozzle c and in the casing a we form a passage h
which passage h communicates with a passage; formed in the cross piece b³ as

page_text: shown in the detached views Figs. 2 and 3 and communicates with the chamber k
formed above the forcing or propelling steam nozzle c.
When
In order that steam may be supplied to the drawing or suction steam nozzle b
before steam is supplied to the forcing or propelling steam nozzle c we employ an
arrangement of valve which we shall now proceed to describe-Formed upon the
casing a of the injector is a stuffing box or gland a' through which stuffing box or
gland a passes a spindle which carries or has formed upon it valves m. n.
the valve m is in contact with the seating m¹ steam is prevented from passing from
the pipe o which we shall hereinafter call the steam supply pipe o to the chamber
or cavity passages h, j and drawing or suction steam nozzle b and when the
valve m is in contact with its seating m¹ the valve n upon the end of the spindle
is in contact with the seating n¹ formed in the forcing or propelling steam nozzle c-
We provide the spindle with a hand wheel by which such spindle / may be
rotated Formed upon the spindle are screw threads which take into corre-
sponding screw threads formed in the casing a-Through the side of the chamber
or cavity f we form an opening B capable of being closed by a valve r which is
capable of being slidden upon a pin s supported by a cross piece t secured to the
casing a of the injector-The valver may be kept in contact with its seating r¹ and
caused to close the opening B by its own weight or by the vacuum formed in the
chamber or cavity when the water or other fluid is being forced or propelled
through the forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube e or by means of a
spring u one end of which spring u abuts against the cross piece t while the other
end of such spring u abuts against the valve -When it is desired to put the
injector into action the spindle is turned so that the valve m is removed from the
seating m¹ when steam will be allowed to pass from the steam supply pipe o to
the cavity or chamber and thenco by the passages h. j to the drawing or suction
steam nozzle b-When steam is supplied to the drawing or suction steam nozzle b
such steam will pass through the said drawing or suction steam nozzle b and
through the drawing or suction combining nozzle or tube d and after passing
through the drawing or suction combining nozzle or tube d will escape into the
chamber or cavity f from which chamber or cavity f the said steam will pass
through the opening B through the forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube e
into the chamber p whence it will pass through the overflow opening A The
steam issuing from the drawing or suction steam nozzle b will induce a vacuum in
the pipe g which for convenience of description we shall hereinafter call the water
supply pipe g and by inducing a vacuum will cause water or other liquid to flow
along such water supply pipe g and into the drawing or suction combining nozzle
or tube d where such water or other liquid will combine with the steam issuing
from the drawing or suction steam nozzle b-The jet of condensed steam and water
or other liquid issuing from the drawing or suction combining nozzle or tube b will
pass into the chamber or cavity f and through the forcing or propelling combining
tube e or through the opening B or through the forcing or propelling combining
tube e and the opening B-As soon as the steam issuing from the drawing or
suction steam nozzle has caused water or other liquid to pass through the drawing
or suction combining nozzle or tube & into the chamber or cavity f the spindle Z is
turned still further until the valve n upon the end of the said spindle is with-
drawn from the seating n¹ and the recess formed in the forcing or propelling steam
nozzle c when steam will be allowed to flow through the forcing or propelling
steam nozzle c so as to cause the condensed steain and water or other liquid
supplied to the chamber or cavityf by the steam issuing from the drawing or
suction steam nozzle b to issue from the forcing or propelling combining tube e
with such velocity as to pass along the delivery tube q of the injector to feed a
steam boiler or for any other purpose-When the injector is being started and
more water or other liquid and condensed steam is drawn or forced into the
chamber or cavity of than can escape through the forcing or propelling combining
nozzle or tube e the valve r is forced away from the opening B and the water or
other liquid and condensed steam escape by the opening B into the chamber p

page_text: formed within the casing a of the injector and thence into the overflow pipe A. As
soon as the whole of the water or other liquid drawn or forced into the chamber f
is carried through the forcing or propelling combining tube e a partial vacuum will
be formed in the chamber or cavity f and the valve r will be caused to close the
opening B and prevent the access of air or vapour to the chamber or cavity f-
The condensed steam and water or other liquid issuing from the forcing or pro-
pelling combining nozzle or tube e will escape through the overflow opening.el
formed in the forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube e until the condensed
steam and water or other liquid issue from the forcing or propelling combining
tube e with sufficient velocity to pass along the delivery tube q and into the steam
boiler or other vessel to which water or other liquid is to be supplied.
Although we have only shown and described one arrangement of valve by which
steam may be allowed to pass to the drawing or suction steam nozzle b before
steam is allowed to pass to the forcing or propelling steam nozzle c we would have
it understood that we do not confine ourselves to the use of the above described
arrangement of valve for the said purpose as it will be readily understood that
other arrangements of valves may be employed to allow steam to pass to the
drawing or suction steam nozzle before steam is allowed to pass to the forcing or
propelling steam nozzle.
In some cases we dispense with the valves m, n above described and used for
adınitting steam to the drawing or suction steam nozzle b before admitting steam
to the forcing or propelling steam nozzle c. An arrangement of injector in which
the valves m, n are dispensed with is shewn in Fig. 4-In this instance the steam
with which the drawing or suction steam nozzle v is to be supplied is conducted
from the forcing or propelling steam nozzle w by a passage x, formed in the casing y
of the injector In order that the condensed steam and water or other liquid may
readily escape from the first portion 1* of the forcing or propelling combining
nozzle or tube 1 when the injector is being started we provide the injector with a
supplementary overflow opening or escape orifice C in addition to the ordinary
overflow opening D formed in the delivery tube 2 which supplementary overflow
opening or escape orifice C will as will bereinafter he described be closed when the
combined steam and water or other liquid issue from the second portion 1b of the
forcing or propelling combining tube 1 and pass along the delivery tube 2 with
sufficient velocity to enter the steam boiler or other vessel to which water or other
liquid is to be supplied-In an injector such as is shown in Fig. 4 the condensed
steam and water or other liquid upon issuing from the exit end of the first portion 1ª
of the forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube 1 and passing through the
second portion 1b of the forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube 1 and
delivery tube 2 will cause the delivery tube 2 to be slidden in the direction of the
arrow E until the entrance end of the second portion 1b of the forcing or propelling
combining nozzle or tube 1 arrives in contact with the exit end of the first portion 1°
of the forcing or propelling combining nozzle or tube 1 thereby preventing air or
vapour from being drawn in at the supplementary overflow opening or escape
orifice C We would have it understood that other arrangements for closing the
supplementary overflow opening or escape orifice. may if desired be employed in
injectors constructed according to this part of our invention.
A further part of our invention refers to injectors of the class in which each
injector is provided with a valve or valves or any equivalent therefor for permitting
the escape of steam or water or other liquid or steam and water or other liquid
from a supplementary overflow opening or escape orifice when such injectors are
being started to work and for preventing the entrance of air or vapour when the
said injectors are at work and our invention also consists in a method of and means
for closing the valve or valves aforesaid or any equivalent therefor as soon as the
injector commences to force or propel water or other liquid-Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate
this portion of our invention. 3 is a chamber or cavity surrounding the supple-
mentary overflow opening or escape orifice F formed between the exit end of the
first portion 4 of the combining nozzle or tube 4 which first portion 4ª of the

page_text: combining nozzle or tube 4 we shall for convenience hereinafter call the lifting
tube 4* and the entrance to the second portion 4b of the combining tube 4-The
opening G by which the steam or water or other liquid or steam and water or other
liquid escapes from the supplementary overflow opening or escape orifice when the
injector is being started to work is provided with a valve 5 upon which valve 5 is
formed a spindle 6 the end of which spindle passes into a hole 7ª constituting a
guide and formed in a cap 7 screwed into the casing 8 of the injector-Upon the
spindle 6 we form an enlarged part or collar 6 which enlarged part or collar 6a is
_ capable of being slidden in the opening 9 the enlarged part or collar 6a and the
opening 9 constituting a piston and cylinder. 10 is a passage or thoroughfare
leading from the interior of the steam nozzle 11 to the opening 9-When steam is
allowed to issue from the steam nozzle 11 steam will also pass along the passage
or thoroughfare 10 and will act upon the enlarged part or collar 6ª so as to force
the valve 5 in the direction indicated by the arrow H so as to tend to close the
opening G by means of the valve 5- When steam or water or other liquid or steam
and water or other liquid escapes or escape from the supplementary overflow
opening or escape orifice F into the chamber or cavity 3 at the time the injector is
being started the valve 5 the area of which is and requires to be greater than the
area of the enlarged part or collar 6ª will be forced against the pressure of the
steam acting upon the enlarged part or collar 6ª in a direction opposite to that
indicated by the arrow H so as to permit steam or water or other liquid or steam
and water or other liquid to escape from the chamber or cavity 3-When the
condensed steam and water or other liquid escape from the combining tube 4 with
sufficient velocity to pass out at the ordinary overflow opening or along the delivery
tube 12 and into the steam boiler or other vessel to which water or other liquid is
to be supplied the steam acting upon the enlarged part or collar 6ª will cause the
valve 5 to again close the opening G and prevent the entrance of air or vapour or
air and vapour to the chamber or cavity 3-In some cases instead of as is preferable
in injectors worked by steam of high pressure, employing the pressure of steam
to cause the valve 5 to close the opening G we in injectors worked by steam of
low pressure force the valve 5 in the direction indicated by the arrow H by means
of the pressure of the water or other liquid forced by the injector for which purpose
we form a passage leading from the opening 9 to the interior of the delivery tube 12
so that when water or other liquid passes along the delivery tube 12 the valve 5
will be caused by the pressure of the water or other liquid forced or propelled by
the injector to close the opening G and prevent the entrance of air or vapour or
air and vapour into the chamber or cavity 3-Instead of employing the enlarged
part or collar 6 acting as a piston we in some cases cause the steam or water or
other liquid to act upon a diaphragm secured to the spindle 6, or other equivalent
for the said enlarged part or collar 6a-We form the piston diaphragm or other
suitable apparatus of such proportion to the valve 5 or other equivalent therefor
that the steam or water or other liquid or steam and water or other liquid can
readily escape from the chamber or cavity 3 when the injector being started to
work.
Our invention further consists in arrangements for preventing the indraught of
air at the supplementary overflow opening or openings or escape orifice or orifices
of injectors when such injectors are at work, by the employment of which arrange-
ments we render injectors to which this part of our invention is applied automatic
in so far as regards restarting.
The said arrangements consist in causing a jet or jets of steam to blow across or
flow around the supplementary overflow opening or openings or escape orifice or
orifices before mentioned and thereby prevent air from being drawn in at such
supplementary overflow opening or openings or escape orifice or orifices above
mentioned when the injector is at work.-One method of carrying this part of our
invention into effect is shown by Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
J is what is known as the supplementary overflow opening or escape orifice which
is situate within the cavity or chamber 13-Through the side of the cavity or

page_text: chamber 13 is formed an opening K, communicating with the ordinary overflow
opening 14 of the injector. Screwed into the casing 15 of the injector is a cap 10
in which is formed a circular opening or cavity 17. Secured to the cap 16 is a
stud 18 which stud 18 is provided with a circular head 19 between the head of
which circular head 19 and the interior of the circular opening or cavity 17 is an
annular slit 20. 21 is a passage or thoroughfare leading from the interior of the
steam nozzle 22 to the circular opening or cavity 17. When steam is supplied to
the injector an annular jet of steam will issue from the annular slit 20 and when
the injector is forcing or propelling water or other liquid and a partial vacuum is
formed within the chamber or cavity 13 the said annular jet of steam will impinge
against the circumference of the opening K and prevent air from being drawn into
the chamber or cavity 13 by the partial vacuum formed in the chamber or cavity 13
when the injector is at work.
Fig. 9 shows another method of carrying this part of our invention into effect.
23 is the steam nozzle and 24 is the combining nozzle or tube. Around the exit
end of the first portion 24 of the combining nozzle or tube 24 we form an annular
slit 25 communicating with an annular chamber 26. 27 is a passage or thoroughfare
leading from the interior of the steam nozzle 23 to the annular chamber 26.
When steam is supplied to the steam nozzle 23 of the injector steam will pass along
the passage or thoroughfare 27 into the annular chamber 26 and will issue from
the annular slit 25 and when the injector is forcing or propelling water or other
liquid along the second portion 24b of the combining tube 24 will impinge against
the enlarged end surface 24° of the second portion 24 of the combining nozzle or
tube 24 and by so doing prevent air from being drawn into the supplementary
overflow opening or escape orifice M between the exit end of the first portion 24ª
of the combining nozzle or tube 24 and the entrance to the second portion 24" of
the combining nozzle or tube 24.
We would have it understood that we do not confine ourselves to the use of our
invention precisely as above described in reference to and shown in and by the
drawings hereunto annexed as the method of carrying our invention into effect
may be somewhat modified without departure from the principles of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
c
1. An injector provided with two steam nozzles and two combining nozzles or
tubes one of which steam nozzles acts in conjunction with one of the said com-
bining nozzles or tubes to draw and supply water or other liquid to be forced or
propelled by the other steam nozzle and the combining nozzle or tube used in con-
junction there with the said injector being constructed arranged and operating
substantially as hereinbefore described in reference to and shewn in and by Figs. 1.
2. 3 and 4 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. In an injector provided with two steam nozzles and two combining nozzles or
tubes one of which steam nozzles acts in conjunction with one of the said combining
nozzles or tubes to draw and supply water or other liquid to be propelled or forced
by the other steam nozzle and the combining nozzle or tube used in conjunction
therewith, the chamber f for receiving the water or other fluid drawn or supplied
by the first mentioned steam nozzle and the combining nozzle or tube used in
conjunction therewith substantially as described in reference to and shown in and
by Fig. 1 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
3. In an injector provided with two steam nozzles and two combining nozzles or
tubes one of which steam nozzles acts in conjunction with one of the said com-
bining nozzles or tubes to draw and supply water or other liquid to be propelled or
forced by the other steam nozzle and the combining nozzle or tube used in con-
junction therewith, the valve r for allowing steam or water or other liquid or
steam and water or other liquid to escape from the chamber f and for preventing
the access or indraught of air or vapour to the chamber of substantially as herein-

page_text: before described in reference to and shown in and by Fig. 1 of the drawings
hereunto annexed.
4. In an injector provided with two steam nozzles and two combining nozzles or
tubes one of which steam nozzles acts in conjunction with one of the said combining
nozzles or tubes to draw and supply water or other liquid to be propelled or forced
by the other steam nozzle and the combining nozzle or tube used in conjunction
therewith the valves m and n for controlling the supply of steam to the steam
nozzle b and steam nozzle c substantially as hereinbefore described in reference to
and shown in and by Fig. 1 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
5. In an injector in which a valve is employed for preventing the access or
indraught of air or vapour to the supplementary overflow opening or openings or
escape orifice or orifices of such injector the use of the pressure of steam or water
or other liquid for moving the above mentioned valve into and keeping it in contact
with its seating substantially as described in reference to and shewn in and by
Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
6. In an injector having a supplementary overflow opening or openings or escape
orifice or orifices the use of a jet of steam for preventing the indraught or access of
air to such supplementary overflow opening or openings or escape orifice or orifices
above mentioned substantially as herein before described in reference to and shown
in and by Figs. 7. 8 and 9 of the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this cleventh day of November 1885.
.
W. T. CHEETHAM,
Carlton Chambers,
18, Saint Ann's Street, Manchester,
Agent to the Applicants.
•