Improvements in Tubular Boilers, and Superheaters for the same.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1898-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubular Boilers, and Superheaters for the same.
I, JAN VON GRUBINSKI of Bracka, 3, Warsaw, Russian Empire, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to a tubular boiler, which is to be applied to locomotives,.
portable steam engines and ships, and is provided with a superbeater for the
purpose of effecting a substantial saving of fuel as well as obtaining a large volume
of dry steam in the smoke chamber.
The essential feature of the superheater is that the boiler tubes are extended
into the smoke chamber and there arranged in an impermeably closed box or
chest which is suitably connected with the steam dome by means of a pipe and
beyond this is provided with partition walls, so that the saturated steam is forced.
to diffuse itself in a zigzag way through the boiler tubes lying in the smoke
chamber, to become superheated, assume a large volume, and to pass over into the
working cylinder in a completely dried state.
The accompanying drawings show two examples of the practical carrying out
of the invention.
In the arrangement and details represented in Fig. 1 by a partially longitudinal
vertical section and in Fig. 2 by a cross section, the boiler tubes are impermeably,
connected with the tubes in the smoke chamber by short pieces of piping r3, so,
that the boiler tubes extend a certain way into the smoke chamber a. The chest
arranged in the last mentioned and serving for the reception of the tubes r 1,,
consists of two plates b b which are impermeably connected with one another by
means of a jacket or casing c, and is in connection above with the steam dome by
means of a pipe d and below with the working cylinder of the engine by means of
pipes ff.
On the side wall of the jacket or casing c are arranged the horizontal partition
walls e e in such a manner that these as may be seen from the cross section Fig. 2:
leave alternately right and left a free space for the passage of the steam. The.
letter g indicates a wall or partition on the front, end of the hoiler, which is
intended to prevent a direct escape of the combustion gases, issuing from the
upper heating pipes or boiler tubes r 1, into the chimney, and to force the same
at first downwards and then, mixed with the gases from the lower heating pipes,
to pass upwards into the chimney. h is a small pipe branching out from the:
bottom or floor of the chest bc and is intended for the purpose of letting off the
condensed water. ii are the pipes for the waste or exhaust steam.
As will be seen from the drawing, the steam from the steam dome which still'
contains about 30% of water, passes into the impermeably closed chest bc,
arranged in the smoke chamber a, through the pipe d, and in consequence of the
uppermost partition walls e makes its way, whilst diffusing itself on all sides of
the heating pipes r 1, r1, in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 towards the right,
then being forced by the middle partition wall to pass to the left, and hereupon
again to the right, and so on, finally, after assuming a large volume, reaching the-
superheater and passing in a completely dry state through the pipes ff to the
cylinders.
A still more intense superheating and drying of the steam and in consequence
thereof a still greater economy of fuel is obtained by employing the.arrangement:
:
.

page_text: and details illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. This arrangement differs from that already
described chiefly by the fact that the front sides of the chest arranged in the
smoke chamber a consist of doubled plates b1, b2 allowing a space between them,
and a number of the heating pipes 1 lying in the chest b c are surrounded each
by a second pipe r 2 of larger diameter, whilst the partition walls e have been
placed in the space between the front and back plates 61 62 belonging to the
chest. Beyond this, the space formed by the plates 61 62 is placed, above, in
connection with the steam dome, by means of a pipe d and, below, with the working
cylinder, by means of a pipe f.
around
From the cross section Fig. 4 it will be seen that those heating pipes
which a second, larger pipe r 2 is arranged, are surrounded on all sides by the
heating pipes 1 which have no such surrounding pipe. The heating pipes 1 as
may be seen from Fig. 3, are impermeably set in the outer plates 61 and the
casing pipes 2 in the inner plates 62 belonging to the chest. The space formed
between the plates on the left side b1 b2 (see Fig. 3) is in free communication
with the pipe d leading to the steam dome, so that the steam is forced to enter
only into the ring shape space between two pipes 1 and 2, and in consequence
of this, is greatly superheated and dried, not only from within by means of the
pipes 1 enclosed by the pipe r2, but also from without by means of the
surrounding free heating pipes r1, 1, r 1.
In order to force the steam to run in a zigzag direction through the space formed
by the double pipes r1 r2, the partition walls e e, as already mentioned, are
arranged alternately between the two front and back plates 61 62. In the example
shown by this arrangement, the steam coming from the pipe d enters at first into
the ring shape space formed by the double pipes r1 r2 lying over the first left
side partition wall (see Fig. 3) and as may be seen from the arrow, passes to the
right into the space between the two front plates 6 1 62. By means of the partition
wall here, arranged, the steam is forced to pass along to the left, and then in
consequence of the partition wall there, makes its way again to the right, hereupon
passing again to the left, arriving in this way in a superheated and perfectly dry
state in the working cylinder of the engine, having passed out of the lower part
of the space formed by the left side plates b 1 62, through the pipe f. In this
arrangement also, 9 is the partition wall already described in relation to the manner
and purpose of that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, h is the pipe conduit for letting off
any condensed water and i are the pipes for the exhaust or waste steam.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a tubular boiler, a superheater, specially adapted for locomotives, portable
engines and ships, the distinguishing feature of which is that the heating pipes of
the boiler are extended horizontally into the smoke chamber and there arranged in
an impermeably closed chest, which is connected on the one side with a pipe
leading to the steam dome and on the other with the steam cylinder, partition
walls being furnished in such a manner that the steam formed in the boiler and
still in a saturated state is forced to diffuse itself on all sides in a zigzag fashion
over and between the boiler tubes arranged in the chest of the smoke chamber and
to enter the steam cylinder in a highly superheated and dried condition.
2. In a tubular boiler a superheater described in Claim 1, in which the heating
pipes impermeably set in the plates b, b of the chest situated in the smoke
chamber a are connected with the heating pipes of the boiler by means of short
pieces of piping r 3 and the partition walls are attached to the side walls c of the
chest, in such a manner as to leave a free space alternately right and left, the
entering moist steam describing a zigzag through the chest through the pipe f
leading to the working cylinder, and diffusing itself on all sides in the heating
Pipes 1.
3. In a tubular boiler a superheater described in Claim 1, in which, for the
"

page_text: purposes of a more intense superheating as well as drying and also in consequence
thereof, an increase of the volume of the steam, the front walls of the chest placed
in the smoke chamber d are formed of two plates 61 and 62, which allow of a
space between them, and of which the inner plates 62 serve simultaneously for the.
reception of the end of the larger pipes r2 each of said larger pipes enclosing
one of the heating pipes r 1, whilst the partition walls e are arranged in alternate
fashion in the space formed between the plates, this space being in connection
with the steam inlet on the one side and with the working cylinder on the other,
whereby the steam is forced to travel in a zigzag manner to the cylinder between
the pipes 2 heated from without and the pipes 1 heated from within.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1896.
REGINALD W. BARKER,
Monument Chambers, London, E.C., Applicant's Agent.