IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING THREAD ONTO BOBBINS OR SPOOLS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Bash, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, and Henry Levy, of the Poultry, in the City of London, Merchant,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING THREAD ONTO BOBBINS OR SPOOLS."
Sealed the 12th March 1880, and dated the 21st November 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Bash and Henry Levy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st November 1879.
SAMUEL BASH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and HENRY
LEVY, of the Poultry, in the City of London, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING THREAD ONTO
BOBBINS OR SPOOLS."
This Invention is partly a new Invention and partly improvements upon the
Invention for which previous Letters Patent were granted to us, bearing date the
17th February 1879, No. 626.
Upon the main driving shaft, which is situated transversely at the lower part of
the machine, is mounted a friction plate, which drives a longitudinal shaft by
means of a movable friction pulley.
Upon the longitudinal shaft are keyed a series of grooved pullies (one for each
spindle), which drives the spindles above by means of bands passing around smaller
grooved pullies keyed or fixed on the spindles, which latter are all mounted with
their axes parallel to the longitudinal shaft.
In order to reduce the speed of the spindles gradually as the diameter of the
bobbin increases the friction pulley is so mounted as to be able to slide on a key
on the longitudinal shaft, and is caused to slide thereon by means of a long lever,
one end of which is made with a fork which embraces a collar on the friction pulley.
This lever is also provided with a slot in which a small ring bolt is adjustable. To
this ring bolt is attached one end of a cord, the other end of which is fixed to an
adjustable arm on a ratchet wheel hereafter referred to.
To move the thread guides to and fro a single leading screw is employed, and a
nut (always in gear); the motion of the screw being reversed by a clutch box and
bevil wheels, as described in the Specification of the former Letters Patent above

page_text: referred to, the bevil wheels being driven by means of suitable toothed gearing
from the end of the longitudinal shaft.
As the nut travels to and fro on the leading screw an arm connected therewith
moves a slide, to which is attached a small click or ratchet which takes up one
tooth of a ratchet wheel at each to and fro movement of the nut, and the adjustable
arm (which is fixed to this ratchet wheel as above mentioned) causes the cord to
pull over the forked lever and thus to gradually slide the friction pulley nearer to
the centre of the friction plate as the diameter of the bobbin or spool increases
with the winding on of the thread.
By thus starting the spindles at a high velocity when their diameter is smallest
and gradually decreasing the speed we are enabled to commence with a much
higher speed than usual and thus to increase the production of the machine.
The position of the arm is adjustable on the ratchet wheel so as to allow the
winding to be started at any required speed, and the ring bolt is adjustable in the
slot of the lever to alter the relative time or speed at which the velocity of
the spindles is reduced according to the fineness or coarseness of the thread being
wound.
The friction plate is held in contact with the friction pulley by means of a hand
lever, which is kept in place by a stop or catch, a strong spring acting in the
reverse direction, so that when the lever is released from the stop or catch the
spring forces the friction plate out of contact with the friction pulley, and at
the same time applies a brake to the edge of the friction pulley and so stops the
motion of the spindles. When the hand lever is put into working position again
so as to bring the friction plate in gear it at the same time removes the brake from
the friction pulley.
Instead of the friction plate and pulley a pair of cones may be employed for
driving, the difference of velocity being caused by moving the driving strap
gradually onto the smaller diameter of the driving cone as the winding progresses.
The guides are all mounted on a longitudinal bar or shaft, and are kept constantly
pressing against the spools by means of a weighted lever fixed on the guide bar.
At or near the end of the latter is keyed a short vertical arm passing through a
slot in the nut, so that as the latter is moved to and fro by the leading screw the
guides are all carried to and fro with it.
This vertical arm works between the two V's on a sliding plate, and as the spool
increases in diameter the consequent rising of the guides causes the vertical arm to
move gradually towards the wider part of the V's, and thus the length of the
traverse of the guides is gradually increased. The to and fro movement of the
sliding plate throws the clutch box into gear with one or other of the bevil wheels
and thus reduces the motion of the leading screw. The stop or catch which acts
upon the hand lever is mounted on a short transverse shaft, the other end of which
carries a stud on which is fitted a sliding bush.
On the sliding plate which carries the V's is a projection through which passes a
screwed adjustable stud. As the plate slides to and fro the end of this stud just
passes over the sliding bush above referred to during the greater part of the
winding, but by the time that the spools have become full an adjustable inclined
plane on the ratchet wheel before named causes a small lever to raise this sliding
bush, and the result is that the stud on the sliding plate comes against it and thus
causes the stop or catch to release the hand lever and stop the machine. In order
to increase the pressure of the guides upon the spools during the latter part of the
winding the weighted lever before mentioned which is fixed on the guide bar is
provided with a T-shaped projection, which when the guides have nearly reached
their highest point comes against a spring stop, which thus increases the resistance
or pressure of the guides.
The boss of this lever is split (as are also the bosses of the guides) and provided
with a tightening screw so that their position on the guide rod (either longitudinally
or otherwise) may be adjusted when required.
The fixed spindles for driving the spools are carried in brackets, and are caused

page_text: to revolve continuously by means of bands passing round the small grooved pulleys
before mentioned.
These brackets also carry a rocking shaft provided with a number of arms or
levers, each of which carries two spindles, one at each end, which are provided
with pins for carrying the spools.
The rocking shaft is capable of two movements, one in a longitudinal direction
and the other a semi-revolution round its own axis. The former is to release the
spools from the driving spindles endwise, and the latter to remove the full spools
backwards from their position opposite the driving spindles and to bring the
empty ones forwards into their places opposite to the same.
The longitudinal movement of the rocking shaft is produced by means of an
excentric, which being partially turned by means of a handle or lever acts upon a
fork fixed on one end of a short transverse rocking shaft.
This fork embraces the edge of a disc which is screwed at or near one end of the
longitudinal rocking shaft. The disc is adjustable on the screw so as to accommodate
the different lengths of spools. The movement of the transverse rocking shaft is
also caused to raise all the guides off the spools before the latter are moved endwise
and to put the nut out of gear with the leading screw.
At the other end of the longitudinal rocking shaft is another disc, which is pro-
vided with two holes corresponding with a pin fixed in the end bracket to ensure
the correct position of the spools opposite to the centre of the driving spindles
when the shaft is moved up longitudinally to grip the spools.
This disc also carries an inclined plane, which by acting against a lever fixed on
the guide rod brings all the guides to the starting point.
This lever is adjustable in order to start winding at any desired part of the
length of the spool.
In order to hold the ends of the threads in proper position to commence winding
the fresh spools there are other arms mounted on the longitudinal rocking shaft and
provided with pins. As the said shaft is turned over the thread is caught by the
pin (which is made with a slight shoulder) and is forced into a hole in the head of
a spring stud carried by the bracket, and is held there in such a position that the
thread passes across the face of the revolving spindle so that when the empty spool
is forced up against the same it holds it fast, and the thread is broken off as soon
as the revolution of the spindle commences.
To cut off the fag end of the thread there is a shaft passing in behind all the
spindle brackets and carrying a series of knives, which (upon the shaft being
partially turned as soon as a portion of the winding has been effected) cut off all
the fag ends inside the heads of the bobbins or spools.
The shaft is partly turned when required by means of a lever acted upon by the
hand or foot, and is returned to its original position by means of a spring.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Samuel Bash and Henry Levy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st May 1880.
SAMUEL BASH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and
HENRY LEVY, of the Poultry, in the City of London, Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WINDING THREAD
ONTO BOBBINS OR SPOOLS."
This Invention is partly a new Invention and partly improvements upon the
Invention for which Letters Patent for Great Britain were granted to us, bearing
date the 17th day of February 1879, No. 626.
In the annexed Drawings Fig. 1 is a partial front elevation representing only
each end of the machine, and showing the arrangements for winding two spools,
and we would here remark that the machine may be made to wind any convenient
number of spools, each section being complete in itself, and being a mere repetition
of one of those shown. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the driving end of the machine,
and Fig. 3 a vertical section of the same. The remaining Figs. are detached views
of the different movements (hereinafter explained) drawn to a larger scale.
Upon the main driving shaft a, a, (Figs. 1 and 2), which is situated transversely
at the lower part of the machine, is mounted a friction plate b, b, which drives a
longitudinal shaft c, c, by means of a movable friction pulley d, d. Upon the
longitudinal shaft c, c, are keyed a series of grooved pulleys e, e, (one for each
spindle), which drive the spindles f. f, above by means of bands g, g, passing
around smaller grooved pulleys h, h, keyed or fixed on the spindles f. f, which
latter are all mounted with their axes parallel to the longitudinal shaft c, c, (see
also detached plan view, Fig. 4; section, Fig. 5; and front view, Fig. 6, on larger
scale).
In order to reduce the speed of the spindles f, f, gradually as the diameter of the
bobbin i, i, increases the friction pulley d, d, (Figs. 1 and 2) is so mounted as to be
able to slide on a key on the longitudinal shaft c, c, and is caused to slide thereon
by means of a long lever j, j, one end of which is made with a fork which embraces
a collar k, k, on the friction pulley d, d. This lever j, j, is also provided with a
slot, in which a small ring bolt 1, 1, is adjustable. To this ring bolt 7, 1, is attached
one end of a cord m, m, the other end of which is fixed to an adjustable arm n, n,
on a ratchet wheel o, o, hereafter referred to (see also plan views, Figs. 10 and 11).
To move the thread guides p, p, to and fro a single leading screw q, q, is employed
(see also horizontal section, Fig. 11, and vertical section, Fig. 12), and a segmental
nut r,r, (always in gear), the motion of the screw being reversed by a cluch box 8, 8,
and bevil wheels t, t, as described in the Specification of the former Letters Patent
above referred to, the bevil wheels being driven by means of suitable toothed
gearing from the end of the longitudinal shaft c, c.
As the nut r, r, travels to and fro on the leading screw an arm u, u, Figs. 11
and 12, connected therewith moves a slide v, v, to which is attached a small click
or ratchet w, which takes up one tooth of the ratchet wheel o, o, at each to and fro
movement of the nut r, r, and the adjustable arm n, n, (which is fixed to this ratchet
wheel o, o, as above mentioned) causes the cord m, m, to pull over the forked lever
jj, and thus to gradually alide the friction pulley d, d, nearer to the centre of the
friction plate b, b, as the diameter of the bobbin or spool i, i, increases with the
winding on of the thread.
By thus starting the spindles at a high velocity when their diameter is smallest,
and gradually decreasing the speed, we are enabled to commence with a much
higher speed than usual, and thus to increase the production of the machine.
The position of the arm n, n, is adjustable on the ratchet wheel o, o, so as to allow
the winding to be started at any required speed, and the ring bolt 1, 1, is adjustable

page_text: in the slot of the lever j, j, to alter the relative time or speed at which the velocity
of the spindles f, f, is reduced, according to the fineness or coarseness of the thread
being wound. The friction plate b, b, (Figs. 1 and 2) is held in contact with the
friction pulley d, d, by means of a hand lever y, y, which is kept in place by a stop
or catch z, z, a strong spring 1, 1, acting in the reverse direction, so that when the
lever y, y, is released from the stop or catch z, z, the spring 1, 1, forces the friction
plate b, b, out of contact with the friction pulley d, d, and at the same time applies
a brake 2, 2, Fig. 2, to the edge of the friction pulley d, d, and so stops the motion
of the spindles, or this brake may be applied to a separate brake pulley if desired.
When the hand lever y, y, is put into working position again so as to bring the
friction plate in gear, it at the same time removes the brake 2, 2, from the friction
pulley.
Instead of the friction plate b, b, and pulley d, d, a pair of cones may be employed
for driving, the difference of velocity being caused by moving the driving strap
gradually onto the smaller diameter of the driving cone as the winding progresses.
The guides p, p, are all mounted on a longitudinal bar or shaft 3, 3, and are kept
constantly pressing against the spools i, i, by means of a weighted lever 4, 4, attached
by a link to an arm 5, 5, fixed on the guide bar 3, 3. At or near the end of the
latter is fixed a short vertical arm 6, 6, (see Figs. 11 and 12) passing through a slot
in the nut, so that as the latter is moved to and fro by the leading screw 9, q, the
guides p, p, are all carried to and fro with it. This vertical arm 6, 6, works between
two inclined planes 7, 7, (Fig. 10) fixed on a sliding plate 8, 8, and as the spool i, i,
increases in diameter the consequent rising of the guides p, p, causes the vertical
arm 6, 6, to move gradually towards the wider part of the V shaped opening formed
by the inclines 7, 7, and thus the length of the traverse of the guides p, p, is gradually
increased. The to and fro movement of the sliding plate 8, 8, throws the clutch
box 8, 8, into gear with one or other of the bevil wheels t, t, and thus reverses the
motion of the leading screw q, q. The stop or catch 9, 9, (see Figs. 1 and 2) which
acts upon the hand lever y, y, is mounted on a short transverse shaft 11, 11, the
other end of which carries a stud, on which is fitted a sliding bush 12, 12. On the
sliding plate 8, 8, which carries the inclines 7, 7, is a projection 13, 13, (Fig. 10),
through which passes a screwed adjustable stud 14. As the plate 8, 8, slides to and
fro the end of this stud 14 just passes over the sliding bush 12, 12, above referred
to during the greater part of the winding, but by the time that the spools i, i, have
become full an adjustable inclined plane 15 on the ratchet wheel o, o, before named
causes a small lever 16 (Fig. 1) to raise this sliding bush 12, 12, and the result is
that the stud 14 on the sliding plate 8, 8, comes against it, and thus causes the stop
or catch 9 to release the hand lever y, and stop the machine.
In order to increase the pressure of the guides p, p, upon the spools during the
latter part of the winding the weighted lever 4, 4, (Fig. 3) before mentioned is
provided with a forked end, which when the guides have nearly reached their highest
point comes against and raises a weight 17, 17, (or acts against a spring) which thus
increases the resistance or pressure of the guides. The boss of the lever 5, 5, is split
(as are also the bosses of the guides), and provided with a tightening screw, so that
their position on the guide rod 3, 3, (either longitudinally or otherwise) may be
adjusted when required without injury to the guide bar.
The fixed spindles f, f, for driving the spools i, i, are carried in brackets 18, 18,
and are caused to revolve continuously by means of bands g, g, passing round the
small grooved pulleys h, h, before mentioned. These brackets 18, 18, also carry a
rocking shaft 19, 19, provided with a number of arms or levers 20, 20, each of
which carries two spindles 21, 21, (one at each end), which are provided with pins
or spikes for carrying the spools i, i.
The rocking shaft 19, 19, is capable of two movements, one in a longitudinal
direction, and the other a semi-revolution round its own axis. The former is to
release the spools i, i, from the driving spindles f, f, endwise, and the latter to remove
the full spools backwards from their position opposite the driving spindles, and to
bring the empty ones forwards into their places opposite to the same. The longitu-

page_text: dinal movement of the rocking shaft is produced by means of an excentric 22, 22,
(Fig. 1), which being partially turned by means of a handle or lever 23 acts upon
a fork 24 fixed on one end of a short transverse rocking shaft 25.
This fork 24 embraces the edge of a disc 26, which is screwed at or near one end
of the longitudinal rocking shaft 19, 19.
The disc 26 is adjustable on the screw, so as to accommodate the different lengths
of spools. The movement of the transverse rocking shaft 25, 25, is also caused to
raise all the guides p, p, off the spools i, i, before the latter are moved endwise, and
to put the nut 1, r, out of gear with the leading screw q, q.
At the other end of the longitudinal rocking shaft 19 is another disc 27 (see
Fig. 7), which is provided with two holes 28, 28, corresponding with a pin fixed in
the end bracket 29, 29, to ensure the correct position of the spools i, i, opposite to
the centre of the driving spindles f, f, when the shaft 19, 19, is moved up longitu-
dinally to grip the spools.
This disc 27, 27, also carries an inclined plane 30 (or two inclined planes), which
by acting against a lever 31, 31, fixed on the guide rod 3, 3, brings all the guides
to the starting point.
This lever 31 is adjustable in order to start winding at any desired part of the
length of the spool.
In order to hold the ends of the threads in proper position to commence winding
the frosh spools there are other arms 32, 32, (Fig. 5) mounted on the longitudinal
rocking shaft, and provided with pins 33, 33. As the said shaft is turned over the
thread is caught by the pin 33 (which is made with a slight shoulder), and is forced
into a hole in the head of a spring stud 34 carried by the bracket, and is held there
in such a position that the thread passes across the face of the revolving spindle f. ƒ,
(which may be provided with an india rubber washer), so that when the empty
spool i, i, is forced up against the same it holds it fast, and the thread is broken off
as soon as the revolution of the spindle commences.
To cut or rub off the fag end of the thread there is a shaft 35, 35, passing behind
all the spindle brackets, and carrying a series of knives or rubbers 36, 36, which
(upon the shaft being partially turned as soon as a portion of the winding has
been effected) cut or rub off all the fag ends inside the heads of the bobbins or
spools.
The shaft is partially turned when required by means of a lever 37, 37, (see
Fig. 7) acted upon by the hand or foot, and is returned to its original position by
means of a spring 38, 38.
In order to stop the to and fro motion of the guide bar 3 when the fork 24 has
moved the spools i, i, out of gear with the driving spindles f, f, the transverse shaft
25, which works the fork 24, is provided with an arm 39, which comes against an
inclined plane on one end of a lever 40, the other end of which pushes another lever
41 outwards. This second lever is provided with an inclined plane 42, which fits
under a similar incline on the segmental nut r. When therefore this lever is pulled
outwards it lifts the nut out of gear with the screw.
A spring 43 presses the lever 41 back when released, and the nut r gears again
with the leading screw q, q.
A hand lever 44 is fixed on the longitudinal shaft 33 to lift the guides out of the
way of the spools when changing the full ones for the empty ones, and the transverse
shaft 25 is provided with an arm 45, which holds up this hand lever.
In some cases in order to make the lifting of the lever 44 automatic it is con-
siderably shortened (see Fig. 13), and is lifted by a projection 46 on a sliding piece
47; this piece 47 slides on pins 48, 49, fixed to the headstock, and is actuated by
means of a projection 50, which is lifted by a cam or half boss 51 on the longitudinal
shaft 25. When the hand lever 23 partially turns this shaft 25 for releasing the
bobbins the piece 47 lifts the lever 44, which raises the guide p, p, out of the way
of the bobbins when they are turned over on the rocking shaft.
Fig. 14 represents another method of mounting the bobbins; Fig. 15 is an elevation
and part plan of a method of raising the thread guides gradually. On the ratchet

page_text: wheel o, o, which controls the speed of the driving, is mounted an inclined plane 52,
which actuates an arm 53 attached to a vertical rocking spindle 54, on which is
another arm 55, which touches on a plate 56 which slides to and fro with the vertical
arm 6. It will be seen that as the ratchet wheel revolves the inclined plane 52
forces the arm 53 outwards, which forces outwards the other arm 55 on the rocking
spindle 54, and thus gradually raises the arm 6, which being fast on the shaft 3, 3,
raises the thread guides with it.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our Invention,
First. The apparatus described and illustrated for reducing the speed of the
spindles as the diameter of the bobbins increases.
Secondly. The apparatus described and illustrated for regulating the length of
traverse for the guides.
Thirdly. The arrangement shown and described to allow of starting at any speed
required.
Fourthly. The method of mounting the guides and levers on the guide rod by
means of split bosses, so that they can be adjusted longitudinally and otherwise.
Fifthly. The method described and illustrated of regulating the traverse of the
guides by the increasing diameter of the spool.
Sixthly. The methods shown and described of mounting the spindles and changing
the full and empty bobbins.
Seventhly. The mode shown and described of bringing all the guides to the
starting point, and of adjusting them so as to start from any part of the length of
the spools, as may be required.
Eighthly. The method described and illustrated of securing and breaking off the
thread.
Ninthly. The apparatus described and illustrated for rubbing off the "fag end"
inside the bobbin heads; and
Tenthly. I claim the general arrangement and construction of the machine as a
whole, as herein before described and illustrated by the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Bash (on behalf of myself and the said
Henry Levy) have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
SAMUEL BASH. (LS)