IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR PROTECTING AND MAKING WATER- TIGHT EXPOSED SURFACES, SUCH AS RAILWAY ARCHES, BRIDGES, ROOFS, AND OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Pilkington, of Fish Street Hill, in the City of
London, Asphalte Importer and Bitumen Manufacturer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR PROTECTING AND MAKING WATER-
TIGHT EXPOSED SURFACES, SUCH AS RAILWAY ARCHES, BRIDGES, ROOFS, AND
OTHER STRUCTURES."
Sealed the 18th January 1861, and dated the 25th July 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Pilkington at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
July 1860.
I, JOHN PILKINGTON, of Fish Street Hill, in the City of London, Asphalte
Importer and Bitumen Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR PROTECTING AND MAKING
WATER-TIGHT EXPOSED SURFACES, SUCH AS RAILWAY ARCHES, BRIDGES, ROOFS, AND
OTHER STRUCTURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the protection of brick or other arches or surfaces
by coating the same with heated bitumen or asphalte to about three-eighths
of an inch in thickness whilst in the heated state, I then cover the bitumen or
asphalte with a material now commonly known as asphalted felt, or with any
other fibrous material of a similar nature, and upon the surface of this felt or
other material I lay a coating of heated asphalte or bitumen of about five-
eighths of an inch in thickness. This Invention is applicable not only to

page_text: arches and bridges, but also to roofs, floors, and surfaces to be made water-
tight. In some instances, particularly where flat and even surfaces are
intended to be protected, the same materials may be applied in a cold state,
that is, manufactured in sheets or other forms, and afterwards laid down upon.
or affixed to the surfaces to be protected. I would also observe that the thick-
ness of the asphalte or bitumen coatings or felts may be varied as is required
to suit any particular situation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Pilkington in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
PILKINGTON, of Fish Street Hill, in the City of London, Asphalte Importer
and Bitumen Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Pilkington, Her special license that I, the said John Pilkington,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Pilkington, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR PROTECTING AND MAKING WATER-TIGHT
EXPOSED SURFACES, SUCH AS RAILWAY ARCHES, BRIDGES, ROOPS, AND OTHER
STRUCTURES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Pilkington, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Pilkington, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-

page_text: My said Invention relates to an improved system or mode of protecting and
rendering water-tight brick and other arches or surfaces, and consists in
coating or covering the said surfaces with heated bitumen or asphalte to about
three-eighths of an inch in thickness whilst in a heated state. I then cover
the bitumen or asphalte with a material now commonly known as "asphalted
felt," or with any other material or fabric of a similar nature, and over the
surface of this felt or other material I apply a coating of heated asphalte or
bitumen of about five-eighths of an inch in thickness. My Invention is also
equally applicable to roofs, floors, and all other surfaces which it is desired to
make water-tight. In some instances, particularly when flat and even surfaces
are to be operated upon, the materials herein-before referred to may be applied
in a cold state, that is to say, manufactured in sheets or other forms, and
afterwards laid down upon or affixed to the surface to be protected. The
thickness of coating of asphalte or bitumen, or of the sheet or sheets of felt
may of course be varied as required to suit different situations or surfaces.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein.
before in part recited Letters Patent is, the general system or mode of
protecting and making water-tight exposed surfaces, such as railway arches,
bridges, roofs, floors, and other structures, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Pilkington, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one.
JOHN PILKINGTON.
L.8.)
JOHN PILKINGTON. (L.S.)