Improvements in Regulating the Speed of Motor Road Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1897-Accepted, 16th July, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Regulating the Speed of Motor Road Vehicles.
I, ROBERT COOKE SAYER, of 11, Clyde Road, Redland, Bristol, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object desired is to give motors and wheels driven by them much power
with slow speeds: or higher speeds with lower powers: and for roadways one
of the supporting wheels of the axle of a car a different speed to the other wheel
of the same axle and enable either to overrun, or be over-run by the other wheel
and so effect guiding the car.
This object is attained by the axle of the wheels being hollow and divided,
each part being carried by its wheel which when a driving wheel is able to
receive a different motion to the axle.
Through the centre the axle carries a fixed part that supports a vertical or
diagonally placed shaft that passes through it and carries any number of pinions,
all of which are driven by one of them set in motion by its fellow pinion fixed
on the hollow axle.
Each driving wheel carries teeth forming wheels of different diameter to suit
the pinions which engage with them when lowered.
The shaft is produced and when the car is to go backward as well as forward,
it carries one or more pinions the other side of the centre of the wheel to also
engage with its teeth: a rod passing through the shaft carries two jaws on right
and left handed screw threads each side of a flange on the wheel to act upon it
as a brake.
When the other is not a driving wheel a drum is carried upon it, or its part
of the axle, upon which a strap brake is tightened by a right and left handed
screwed rod traversing trunnioned nuts, and arrests the wheel.
When the motor is an animal it is put inside a drum or cage which it revolves
by its running as usual: the axle does not pass through the drum but is formed
as trunnions which are carried on the wheels and otherwise act as above.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION.
See the drawings where on Sheets 1 and 2
Fig. 1 gives a longitudinal section through the axle and wheels.
Fig. 2 a plan of the same.
Fig. 3 an elevation of the driving wheel.
Fig. 4 an elevation of the axle brake.
Fig. 5 a detail section of the driving pinions engaged with its driving key.
Fig. 6 the same disengaged from its driving key.
Fig. 7 a detail of the handle for working the pinions.
Fig. 8 a section through the drum when an animal is the motor.
A shows the motor which drives the hollow part B of the axle upon which its

page_text: The wheel F is formed of or carries any number of toothed wheels, three J, K, L
being shown and the flange M. The spart B of the axle carries the pinion N,
which engages with the pinion O, that is carried on the hollow shaft P that
is supported on the fixed part of the axle E and which carries above, any num-
ber of pinions Q, R, S, normally kept clear of the teeth of the wheels L, K, J,
but able to be thrust down against the springs t, u, v by the handles T, U, V,
Figs. 1, 3 and 7: each pinion, say S Figs. 5 and 6, carries bevelled teeth 18: a
swivel 6 friction balls 7 elastic tube having a steel armoured side against
the rotating pinion and its elastic side against the fixed part of the swivel; the
pinion has a key way 9 into which the keys 10 and 11 fixed upon the shaft P
pass in or-out when the pinion is raised or lowered the key 11 has a toe at 12,
is hinged at 13, has a spring 14, and neck 15 into which the annular projection 16
of the pinion is able to enter when its projection 17 meets the toe 12.
The shaft P carries within it the rod Whaving right and left. handed screw
threads at X on which the brake jaws Y and Z are able to be raised and lowered.
simultaneously against the flange M of the wheel F when the handle 1 is rotated.
The part of the axle has a strap brake 3 Figs. 1, 2 and 4 connected to
the trunnioned nuts 4 which are actuated by screw threads X on the rod to
draw them together when the handle 2 is rotated.
When an animal is the motor, see Fig. 8, where similar parts are lettered as
above, the same obtains except the axle does not pass through the drum but
the wheels carry it with the motor on trunnions B and C: the animal is put
inside the cage or drum A.
The working is as follows.
Supposing the motor A having to start with a heavy load: the pinion S is
lowered to engage with the wheel J by turning the handle V and thrusting down
the spring, the key way 9, Figs. 5 and 6, clears the key 10 while the projec-
tion 16 keeps the key 11 free and the pinion is free until its teeth 18 have engaged
with those of J, by which time 16 has reached the neck 15 of key 11 enabling
the spring 14 to thrust the key 11 into the keyway 9 and the projection 17 meet-
ing the toe 12 ensures its being thrust and kept therein. When the armoured
tubes 8 have been inflated to keep the balls 7 dust and oil tight, the motor A. is
started to give motion from the axle B to the pinions N and O, the shaft P,
pinions Q, R, S, wheels F by S, and the car.
When the car has to turn to the right, the motor A has to be more or less
stopped, or the brakes Y and Z put on against the flange M of the wheel F by
turning the handle 1 and screws X on the rod W, the wheel D and that side of
the car then over-runs that of the wheel F;
If the car is to turn to the left the brake strap 3 is put on against the drum
of the axle C by turning the handle 2, the screw threads X of the rod 5 and
drawing together the nuts 4.
When the speed of the car is to be increased the handle V is reversed, the
spring draws the pinion S clear of the teeth of wheel J and the key 11, but
re-engages with the key 10, Fig. 6, which keeps it revolving with the shaft I':
the pinion R still being rotated by its key 10 and shaft P, is thrust. down by the
handle U, as before with S, to clear its key 10, engage with the teeth K of the
wheel F which still rotates, then engage with its key 11, direct should not
the pinion R and shaft P have varied in speed, but should the speed of F reduce
that of R, the neck 16 being annular keeps the key 11 free but ready to enter
the, key way
when the continued speed of the shaft P brings. them opposite:
thus the original speed of the motor A by the pinion of the same diameter as
pinion S acting on the teeth K. of the wheel F of smaller diameter than that
of J increases the speed of wheel F.
Other desired ratios of the pinions Q, R, S and wheel teeth L, K, J, to suit
special requirements are allowed by forming one or more of L, K, J farther out,
or back from the shaft P, as also the pinions N. and O.
1.
When it is desired a car shall go back as well as forward without reversing

page_text: the motor, one or more pinions like S are carried on the shaft P the otherside
of the wheel F with key 11 only, unless varying back speeds are required then
key 10 also, so that normally it does not rotate: thus to reverse the wheel F
the motor is checked the pinion S, R'or Q engaged is raised from the teeth of
wheel F and the pinion below is raised by its handle and spring to engage with,
say the toothed wheel L of wheel F as a loose pinion which when the wheel Fis
reduced in speed sufficiently is raised higher, to engage with its key 11, and
the motors are restarted in the same direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
A driving axle formed hollow in two parts each supported by a wheel and
each or only one driven independantly by a motor and provided with brakes to
check the speed of either separately and effect turning the car carried in part
or wholly upon the axle or trunnions. A fixed part carried within the axle
or trunnions, supporting a hollow shaft to pass through it, carry a pinion to
engage with its fellow driven by the axle or trunnion supported by the driving
wheel; and above pinions formed with a swivel and friction balls, pneumatic
metal armoured tube, key way, annular neck and projection and having fixed
on the shaft a key and a second key hinged to it with bevelled head neck toe piece
and spring, each pinion able to be raised or lowered by rotating their handles
to engage with or be disengaged from toothed wheels carried concentrically
upon or teeth formed upon the driving wheel for either to give it motion at
different distances from its centre.
A rod passing through the shaft and fixed part of the axle or trunnions having
right and left handed screw threads brake jaw on each thread able to be raised
or lowered, when its handle is rotated, upon a concentric flange formed on the
driving wheel and check its speed. A strap brake to act upon the driven wheel
or its part of the axle. A pinion or pinions on the shaft to engage with the
toothed wheels of the driving wheel the other side of its centre to reverse it and
the car, while the motor acts in the former and only direction, substantially as
described and shown on the drawings.