A NEW AND IMPROVED SYSTEM OF AIRING AND VENTILATING MILLSTONES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Constant Cérisier, of Mung-sur-Loire, in the
Empire of France, Miller, for the Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED
SYSTEM OF AIRING AND VENTILATING MILLSTONES."
Sealed the 1st January 1870, and dated the 25th August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Constant Cérisier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th August 1869.
I, CONSTANT CÉRISIER, of Mung-sur-Loire, in the Empire of France,
Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW AND IMPROVED SYSTEM OF AIRING AND VENTILATING MILLSTONES," to be as
follows:-
The said Invention relates to a new and improved system of airing
and ventilating millstones, which is obtained by a stream of cold air
forced from an air chamber fit for this purpose. This air stream is
introduced through the centre of the upper stone or runner together with
the corn or grain, thence to escape throughout the whole surface and

page_text: periphery between the upper and the lower stone, and thus prevent the
heating thereof, and yield an article, flour or other grain, unadulterated
by heat. A blower or ventilator forces the atmospheric air into a storing
chamber, and air passages leading from said chamber distribute to each
pair of millstones the necessary air for cooling them; this air is under a
sufficient pressure to stand, resist, and traverse the inverse current
produced by the centrifugal action of the rotating stones. The air
forced in and controled by a damper is distributed in a spherical or
cylindrical reservoir, and thence down through a tube or double casing
into a receiver arranged on the runner and running therewith, from
thence this air enters the hole in the upper stone together with the grain
and spreads in a uniform layer between the two stones and shoots out
through the periphery after ventilating, airing, and cooling both the
millstones and the ground corn. On the receiver or basket is provided
a lid, which properly fitted and finished surrounds the air passage. The
central part of this lid rests on a washer of india-rubber or other clastic
compressible material, whilst its edges rest directly on the said receiver.
The said lid whereby the dispersion and escape of the air are prevented
is moveable, and can be lifted at will, whenever there happens to arise
any obstruction, without its being necessary to stop the run of the mill-
stones.
This new system of airing or ventilating millstones presents the
following advantages:-1st, a whiter, more genuine flour is obtained;
2ond, a readier bolting; 3rd, a less frequent dressing of the millstones;
4th, better picked brans; 5th, no paste or dough produced within the
casing; 6th, a much cleaner condition of the millstones.
One single blower may suffice to feed any number of millstones
operated by the same power. Moreover the stones being kept in a cool
state by the action of the blower the heating of the corn will be obviated,
a product of great purity obtained, and all the gluten it may contain
secured.
a central
I have in the annexed Drawings represented my ventilating system
applied to millstones, in which Drawings Fig. 1 is
vertical section of the apparatus. In this Figure a represents the
ordinary runner or upper stone provided with its cross iron or rynd,
and supported by the girder of the stone iron; b represents the basin
or. cup fitted to the central eye, and into which drops the corn from
the corn feeder c, this feeder receives the corn supplied by the hopper d;

page_text: is a passage for the air forced from the air chamber not shown; g is the
damper or controler of the affluent air; h, the spherical air reservoir
surrounding the corn feeder c, and terminating by a double conducting
pipe; j is a crown suitably fitted on the stone a round the rynd eye; k, a
metallic basket or cap with rims ; this basket is secured on the crown j
by means of screws m; n is the india-rubber washer fitted round the
conducting pipe i, and supporting the central part of the lid o, the edges
of which rest directly on the basket or cap k. The affluent air, indicated
by arrows, comes in from the passage f, extends into the reservoir h, goes
down through the tube i, and fills the interior of the cap ; lastly the air
current runs into the central eye of the stone a and escapes through
the periphery of the stones after cooling the corn, the flour, and even
the stones. p is the support of the feeder C; q, the casing of the stones.
An arrangement on the same principle, which may substitute the
foregoing one, differs therefrom, 1st, by the substitution of a cylindrical
reservoir, which may be raised or lowered at will; it is provided with a pipe
for the passage of cold air on one of its sides; 2ondly, by admitting the
corn through the stone iron, which is made hollow and bored centrally;
3rd, by operating the runner from above instead of from beneath; 4th,
by fitting on the lower part of the air chamber or reservoir, and towards
the central eye, an inverted funnel intended to prevent any obstruction of
the corn, at the same time distributing uniformly the air between the
two stones.
Fig. 2 in the annexed Drawings represents a central vertical section
of the whole above arrangement; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the air
chamber or reservoir. The same letters of reference indicate corre-
sponding parts.
A is the stone or runner provided with its cross iron and stone iron B,
which is bored centrally at I, so as to feed the eye with the corn; C is
the cylindrical air chamber admitting the forced air through the pipe D;
this air chamber is made of two parts connected by bolts, as shown
distinctly in Fig. 3; F is the basket or cylindrical cap resting on the
crown G, formed with rims and fast on the runner; H is a species of
inverted funnel for the purposes stated above; J, an india-rubber or
other elastic washer to form an air-tight joint. Whilst the corn is
dropping down through the passage I formed in the stone iron, the air
arriving through the pipe D passes into the cylindrical chamber in 'the

page_text: direction of the arrows, runs down into the basket F, round the inverted
funnel H, and thence into the eye to cool it and prevent the heating of
the flour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Constant Cérisier in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st January 1570.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CONSTANT
CÉRISIER, of Mung-sur-Loire, in the Empire of France, Miller, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Constant Cérisier, Her special licence that I,
the said Constant Cérisier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Constant Cérisier, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED SYSTEM OF
AIRING AND VENTILATING MILLSTONES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Constant Cérisier, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Constant Cérisier, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The said Invention relates to a new and improved system of airing
and ventilating millstones, which is obtained by a stream of cold air

page_text: forced from an air chamber fit for this purpose. This air stream is
introduced through the centre of the upper stone or runner, together with
the corn or grain, thence to escape throughout the whole surface and
periphery between the upper and the lower stone, and thus prevent the
heating thereof, and yield an article, flour or other grain, unadulterated
by heat. A blower or ventilator forces the atmospheric air into a
storing chamber, and air passages leading from said chamber distribute
to each pair of millstones the necessary air for cooling them. This air
is under a sufficient pressure to stand, resist, and traverse the inverse
current produced by the centrifugal action of the rotating stones; the
air forced in and controled by a damper is distributed in a spherical or
cylindrical reservoir, and thence down through a tube or double casing
into a reservoir arrangerl on the runner and running therewith, from
thence this air enters the hole in the upper stone together with the
grain, and spreads in a uniform layer between the two stones, and shoots
out through the periphery after ventilating, airing, and cooling both
the millstones and the ground corn. On the receiver or basket is pro-
vided a lid, which properly fitted and finished surrounds the air passage.
The central part of this lid rests on a washer of india-rubber or other
elastic compressible material, whilst its edges rest directly on the said
receiver. The said lid whereby the dispersion and escape of the air
are prevented is moveable, and can be lifted at will whenever there
happens to arise any obstruction without its being necessary to stop the
run of the millstones.
This new system of airing and ventilating millstones presents the
following advantages:-1st, a whiter, more genuine flour is obtained;
2ond, a readier bolting; 3rd, a less frequent dressing of the millstones;
4th, better picked brans; 5th, no paste or dough produced within the
casing; 6th, a much cleaner condition of the millstones.
One single blower may suffice to feed any number of millstones
operated by the same power. Morcover, the stones being kept in a
cool state by the action of the blower, the heating of the corn will be
obviated, a product of great purity be obtained, and all the gluten it
may contain secured.
I have in the annexed Drawing represented the said ventilating system
applied to millstones, in which Drawings Figure 1 is a central vertical
section of my apparatus. In this Figure a represents the ordinary
runner or upper stone provided with its cross iron or rynd, and supported

page_text: on the girder of the stone iron; b represents the basin or cup fitted to
the central eye, and into which drops the corn from the corn feeder c,
this feeder receives the corn supplied by the hopper d; f is a passage for
the air forced from the air chamber, not shewn; g is the damper or con-
troler of the affluent air; h, spherical air reservoir surrounding the corn
feeder c, and terminating by a double conducting pipe; j is a crown,
suitably fitted on the stone a round the rynd eye; k, metallic basket or
cap with rims ; this basket is screwed on the crown j by screws m; n is
the india-rubber washer fitted in the conducting pipe i, and supporting
the central part of the lid o, the edges of which rest directly on the
basket or cap k. The affluent air, indicated by arrows, comes in from
the passage f, extends into the reservoir h, goes down through the tube i,
and fills the interior of the cap k; lastly, the air current runs into the
central eye of the stone a, and escapes through the periphery of the
stones, after cooling the corn, the flour, and even the stones. p is the
support of the feeder c; q, the casing of the stones.
An arrangement on the same principle which may substitute the
foregoing one differs therefrom, 1st, by the substitution of a cylindrical
air chamber, which can be raised or lowered at will, it is provided with
a pipe for the passage of cold air on one of its sides; 2nd, by admitting
the corn through the stone iron, which is made hollow and bored
centrally; 3rd, by operating the runner from above instead of from
beneath; 4th, by fitting on the lower part of the air chamber or
reservoir, and towards the central eye, an inverted funnel, intended to
prevent any obstruction of the corn, at the same time distributing
uniformly the air between the two stones.
Fig. 2 in the annexed Drawings represents a central vertical section
of the whole above arrangement. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the
air chamber or reservoir; and in these two Figures the same letters
indicate corresponding parts.
A is a stone or runner provided with its cross iron and stone iron B,
which is bored centrally at I, so as to feed the eye with the corn; C, a
cylindrical air chamber admitting the forced air through the pipe D;
this air chamber is made of two parts connected by bolts, as shewn
distinctly in Fig. 3; F is a basket or cylindrical cap resting on the
crown G, formed with rims and fast on the runner; H is a species of
inverted funnel for the purposes stated above; J, an india-rubber or
other elastic washer to form an air-tight joint. Whilst the corn is

page_text: dropping down through the passage I formed in the stone iron the
air arriving through the pipe D passes into the cylindrical chamber in
the direction of the arrows, runs down into the basket F, round the
inverted funnel H, and thence into the eye to cool it and prevent the
heating of the flour.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it under-
stood I do not confine myself to the precise details hercin described
and shewn in the Drawings, as these obviously admit of modifications
without departing from the principle of the said Invention; but what
I claim and desire to secure by the said Letters Patent is,-
First. The novel system of ventilating and airing millstones, sub-
stantially as described, the principal feature of which being a con-
tinuous stream of air entering through the stone eye, and in spite of the
centrifugal force spreading itself evenly between the two millstones,
thence to escape through the whole periphery thereof, as described and
set forth.
Second. The novel arrangement of the apparatus, as represented in
Figures 2 and 3, characterized by its cylindrical air chamber or reservoir,
its stone iron, formed hollow, so as to admit the corn, the mode of
operating the runner, and lastly, by the use of a kind of inverted funnel
fitted in the centre of the eye, the whole as and for the purposes set forth
and shewn in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Constant Cérisier, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
C. CERISIER. (L.8.)