IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING SUBSTANCES, MORE PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE PULVERI- ZATION OF MATERIALS FOR PORCELAIN PASTE
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of No. 20, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR
PULVERIZING SUBSTANCES, MORE PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE PULVERI-
ZATION OF MATERIALS FOR PORCELAIN PASTE."-A communication from
abroad by Carl Fredrik Tjulander, Lieutenant, and Johan Robert
Alsing, Proprietor of Mines, both of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of
Sweden.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd October 1867.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR
PULVERIZING SUBSTANCES, MORE PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE PULVERIZATION
OF MATERIALS FOR PORCELAIN PASTE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to simplify the process of pulverization
such as has heretofore been employed for the reduction of materials for porcelain

page_text: paste and other similar substances. It consists in placing such substances
in small fragments in a cylinder or drum, by preference of strong porcelain,
to such an extent as to fill about one-fourth of its capacity, and in then
introducing porcelain or glass balls to the extent of another fourth part of the
capacity of the cylinder. This latter is then made to revolve at a speed of
about 30 to 35 revolutions a minute during from 4 to 5 hours. The substances
will by this means have been reduced to a very fine pure powder, which may
then at once be employed without further preparation. The drum is provided
with one or more openings in its circumference having sliding covers through
which the materials and balls are introduced. When the former have been
reduced to a powder of the requisite fineness the covers are removed and
replaced by gratings with apertures sufficiently small to prevent the balls from
passing through. The drum is 'then caused to revolve again, whereby the
pulverized materials will be [made to pass out through the gratings into a
receptacle below.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd April 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Denton Abel, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Denton
Abel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Charles Denton Abel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING SUBSTANCES, MORE PARTICULARLY
APPLICABLE TO THE PULVERIZATION OF MATERIALS FOR PORCELAIN PASTE," a
communication to me from abroad by Carl Fredrik Tjulander, Lieutenant,
and Johan Robert Alsing, Proprietor of Mines, both of Stockholm, in the

page_text: Kingdom of Sweden, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Charles Denton Abel, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Denton Abel, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to
say:
This Invention has for its object to simplify the process of pulverization such
as has heretofore been employed for the reduction of materials for porcelain
paste and other similar substances. It consists in placing such substances in
small fragments in a cylinder or drum, by preference of strong porcelain, to
such an extent as to fill about one-fourth of its capacity, and in then intro-
ducing porcelain or glass balls to the extent of another fourth part of the
capacity of the cylinder. This latter is then made to revolve at a speed of about
thirty to thirty-five revolutions a minute during from four to five hours. The
substances will by this means have been reduced to a very fine pure powder,
which may then at once be employed without further preparation. The drum
is provided with one or more openings in its circumference, having sliding
covers through which the materials and balls are introduced. When the
former have been reduced to a powder of the requisite fineness the covers
are removed and replaced by gratings with apertures sufficiently small to
prevent the balls from passing through. The drum is then caused to revolve
again, whereby the pulverized materials will be made to pass out through the
gratings into a receptacle below. By this improved process a great saving of
time and power is effected as compared with the processes heretofore employed
for pulverizing materials for porcelain paste.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings is shown the before-described
improved apparatus. Figure 1 shows a side elevation of the drum, and
Figure 2 shows a transverse section of the same.
a is the porcelain cylinder revolving on the central gudgeons b, b, supported
in bearings by a suitable framework; c, c, are two openings arranged on
either side of the cylinder and closed by means of slides, through which
openings the materials to be pulverized and the porcelain or glass balls d, d, are

page_text: introduced. After the pulverization of the materials has been effected the
slides at c are removed and are replaced by the grating e, Figure 3, which
allows the pulverized materials to pass through it but retains the balls. The
rotation of the cylinder is continued during: about ten or fifteen minutes,
during which time the powder falls into a receptacle placed below.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign corres-
pondents, I wish it to be understood that I am aware that the materials for
gunpowder and also other substances have been incorporated and crushed by
placing them inside a rotating metal or wooden cylinder together with metal
or wooden balls, and I therefore in no way clain such an arrangement; but
what I claim is, pulverizing materials for porcelain paste and other substances
by introducing them together with balls of glass or porcelain inside a revolving
porcelain cylinder arranged and operating substantially as herein-before
described with reference to the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
:
CHAS. D. ABEL. (L.S.)