Improved Mode of Treating Edible and other Oils.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 7th June, 1899-Accepted, 29th July, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Mode of Treating Edible and other Oils.
We, JOHN NUGENT HARRIS, of 21, Howard Road, South Norwood, in the
County of Surrey, Analytical Chemist, and HERBERT STANLEY HEADINGTON, of
Broad Street House, New Broad Street, in the City of London, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows;
This invention relates to the treatment of cotton seed oil, olive oil, fish oil,
cod liver oil, ground nut oil, and similar oils, the object being to purify them,
and to render them more suitable than heretofore for dietetic or medicinal
purposes, and the invention consists, broadly, in treating the crude oil with
carbon, and afterwards aerating the oil in the presence of methylated alcohol..
In carrying out this invention, then, we take the crude oil, which has prefer-
ably been deprived of all solid extraneous matter by straining, and we raise
the temperature to from 110° to 130° Fahr.
We next take powdered animal charcoal, and, in the proportion of 1 cwt. to
1 ton of oil, we mix it with the oil by mechanical agitation, which will be kept
up for about three hours.
We then run the mixture into another vessel, and, keeping it at about a
temperature of 120° Fahr., we allow the carbon to deposit.
The clear oil is then run off, and, in a suitable vessel, is subjected to aeration
in the presence of absolute methylated alcohol which is free from gum shellac.
The proportion of this alcohol will be from 10 to 20 ozs., and the period of
agitation will be for about half an hour, at a temperature not exceeding
110° Fahr.
The oil is then allowed to stand for 24 hours, the temperature being main-
tained at about 100° Fahr.
By the above treatment, decolorization takes place, and the oil acquires a
pleasant nutty flavour, which will enhance its value for dietetic or medicinal
purposes.
If the oil to be treated is rancid, we mix with the carbon an equal proportion
of powdered prepared chalk or whiting, which, with the subsequent treatment,
will have the effect of removing the rancidity.
In some cases, we may find it convenient to employ steam as well as air,
during, what may be termed the aerating operation.
Dated this 6th day of September 1898.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improved Mode of Treating Edible and other Oils.
We, JOHN NUGENT HARRIS, of 21, Howard Road, South Norwood, in the
County of Surrey, Analytical Chemist, and HERBERT STANLEY HEADINGTON, of
Broad Street House, New Broad Street, in the City of London, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
There are various oils which, although not ostensibly edible oils, are of such
a character that they may be used, and some are now used, with advantage, for
dietetic purposes; of such oils, cotton-seed oil, ground-nut oil, and fish oil, may
be mentioned.
By the term "fish oil," I mean oil which is obtained by subjecting certain
fish to pressure in suitable moulds, such oil being used in the preparation and
preservation of certain foods.
Other oils, such as olive oil, cod liver oil, are used for dietetic or medicinal
purposes.
Unless prepared with the greatest care, all the above-named oils are not as
palatable as they might be, and the object of this invention is, 1st, to purify
these and similar oils, and, 2nd, to improve their flavour, by which they will
be rendered more suitable than heretofore for dietetic or medicinal purposes.
To this end, the invention consists, broadly, in mechanically mixing with
the oil a powdered purifying material, which will decolorize the oil; and pre-
cipitate with the impurities, and then in aerating in the presence of a suitable
alcohol, by which the oil acquires a rich nutty flavour.
In carrying out this invention, the crude or other oil, having been preferably
deprived of solid extraneous matter by straining, is placed in a suitable vessel,
and the temperature of the oil is raised to from 110° to 130° Fahr., by means
of a steam coil, or in any other convenient and well-known manner.
Powdered animal charcoal, in the proportion of one hundred weight (cwt.)
of carbon to one ton of oil, is then intimately mixed with the oil by mechanical
agitation, in any convenient manner for about three hours.
The mixture is then run into another vessel, and being kept at a temperature
of about 120° Fahr., the carbon is allowed to deposit with the impurities, which
chiefly consist of the colouring matters.
The clear oil is then run off into another vessel, and is subjected to the opera-
tion of aeration in the presence of " methylated alcohol," containing one per
cent. of gum myrrh, and one half per cent. of gum benzoin.
The proportion of the alcohol employed will be from 10 to 20 ounces (ozs.),
and the period of aeration will be for about half an hour, at a temperature not
exceeding 110° Fahr. :-
The oil will then be allowed to stand for 24 hours, the temperature being
maintained at about 100° Fahr.
The aerating vessel may be of the well-known type, viz., a closed vessel
having, at the bottom, a coil of perforated pipe in connection with the air
supply.
By the above described treatment, the purification and decolorization of the
oil will be effected, and the oil will, acquire a pleasant nutty flavour, which
will enhance its value for dietetic and medicinal purposes.
If the oil to be treated shows any signs of rancidity, an equal proportion of
powdered prepared chalk or whiting may be added to the carbon, to be inti-

page_text: mately mixed with the oil, and which, by reason of its alkaline properties, will
have the effect of neutralizing the free acids which cause the rancidity.
Is some cases it may be found useful to employ a little steam with the air
during the aerating operations.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is: -
1. The process herein described of treating oils, and consisting in heating
the oil to from 110 to 130 degrees Fahr.; mechanically mixing with the oil a
powdered purifying material, as carbon; allowing the mixture to stand while
the powdered material and the impurities precipitate, the temperature being
maintained at about 120 degrees Fahr.; aerating in the presence of methylated
alcohol at a temperature not exceeding 110 degrees Fahr.; and, finally, allowing
the oil to stand for a suitable period, the temperature being maintained at about
100 degrees Fahr.; as set forth.
2. In the treatment of oils, the process of heating the oil to from 110 to
130 degrees Fahr.; mechanically mixing powdered animal charcoal with the oil,
and allowing the oil to stand while the carbon and the impurities precipitate,
the temperature being maintained at about 120 degrees Fahr.; as described.
3. In the treatment of oils which have been purified and decolorized, the use
of the process of aeration in the presence of methylated alcohol containing
one per cent. of gum myrrh and one half per cent. of gum benzoin, as and for
the purpose described.
4. In the the treatment of oils which have been purified and decolorized, the
process of aerating in the presence of methylated alcohol containing one per cent.
of gum myrrh and one half per cent. of gum benzoin, at a temperature not
exceeding 110 degrees Fahr.; and allowing the oil to stand for a certain time,
the temperature being maintained at about 100 degrees Fahr., as and for the
purpose described.
5. In the treatment of rancid oils, of the character specified, the process of.
heating the oil to from 110 to 130 degrees Fahr., mechanically mixing the oil
with powdered carbon and a powdered substance having alkaline properties,
such as prepared chalk, and allowing the mixture to stand while the powdered
materials and impurities precipitate, the temperature being maintained at about
120 degrees Fahr., as set forth.
6. In the purifying of rancid oils of the character specified, the use of a
mixture of powdered carbon and a powdered substance having alkaline pro-
perties, as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 7th day of June 1899.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.