Improvements in Woven Wire Mesh for Cycle Saddles, Seats, and other Articles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 14th Apr., 1990-Accepted, 26th May, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Woven Wire Mesh for Cycle Saddles, Seats,
and other Articles.
I, ALFRED EDMUND WALE, of Dunstan House, Elmdon, near Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in woven wire mesh for cycle
saddles, seats and other articles by which I produce or weave a fabric of greater
fineness and smoothness of surface than has hitherto been possible and which will
be found especially suitable for the covers or seats of cycle saddles.
In carrying my invention into practice I first weave a foundation or primary
fabric of sufficient fineness as described and shewn in my prior Letters Patent
No. 13,613 of 1898 wherein two separate and similar sets of helices are interwoven
with one another at right angles and in the same horizontal plane. I
then take another helix of the same diameter, pitch and thickness
of wire and engage it with two of the longitudinal helices of the primary or
foundation fabric but not with the transverse helices, it however lies within their
convolutions and has its upper and lower surfaces immediately below their upper
and lower surfaces. I now take another similar helix and engage it with one of
the two longitudinal helices already engaged by the first additional helix and
also the next longitudinal helix of the primary or foundation fabric thus engaging
two of the helices of the foundation fabric as with the first additional helix.
process is repeated until the full width of the primary or foundation fabric has
been so treated.
This
A
Or I also obtain a finer surface fabric by wearing a double woven fabric upon
the upper surface of the cross woven primary or foundation fabric in the following
manner. I first take an additional helix of the same diameter and pitch and pre-
ferably of the same thickness of wire and intercoil it with one of the longitudinal
helices of the primary or foundation fabric. I then take another or second helix
of the same diameter and pitch and intercoil it with the first additional helix
and also the same longitudinal helix of the primary or foundation fabric.
third additional helix is then intercoiled with the next longitudinal helix of the
primary or foundation fabric and also with the first and second additional helices.
I then take a fourth additional helix and intercoil it with the same longitudinal
helix of the primary or foundation fabric as the third additional helix and also
with the second and third additional helices. This process is repeated until the
desired width of fabric is obtained thus adding to additional helices to each longi-
tudinal helix of the primary or foundation fabric by which means I produce a
fabric having a fine upper surface but the additional helices are not in the same
horizontal plane as the helices of the cross woven primary or foundation fabric.
In order to obtain the necessary strength in such fine fabrics for cycle saddles
I weave another fabric or fabrics upon the lower surface of the cross woven
primary or foundation fabric,

page_text: In the case of a fabric woven according to the second method of obtaining a
fine upper surface I interweave upon the lower surface of the helices of the primary
or foundation fabric another fabric of the same diameter and pitch but pre-
ferably of a stronger gauge of wire, or I may use compound helices formed of
two single helices as described and shewn in my prior Letters Patent herein before
mentioned.
In the case of a fabric woven according to the first method of obtaining a fine
upper surface I may interweave upon the lower surface of the primary or founda-
tion fabric another fabric the helices of which engage with one or two of the
longitudinal helices of the primary or foundation fabric and also with the addi-
tional helices on the upper surface of the primary or foundation fabric or with
the additional helices on the upper surface of the primary or foundation fabric
only.
But I prefer to weave a strengthening fabric on the underside of the primary
or foundation fabric the helices of which are of the same diameter and pitch as
the primary or foundation fabric but of the opposite hand, that is to say--if the
primary or foundation fabric is left hand pitch the under strengthening fabric
would be a right hand pitch and preferably of a thicker gauge of wire. In this
case the strengthening fabric will be interwoven only with the transverse helices
of the primary or foundation fabric and this strengthening fabric may consist of
single helices or compound helices formed of two single helices.
When using a fabric of a right hand pitch as strengthening or under fabric
in connection with a primary or foundation fabric of a left hand pitch each
convolution of each helix may engage with each alternate transverse coil only or
with every transverse coil.
Dated this 19th day of July 1899.
ALFRED EDMUND WALE,
George Barker, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicant, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
Improvements in Woven Wire Mesh for Cycle Saddles, Seats,
and other Articles.
I, ALFRED EDMUND WALE, of Dunstan House, Elmdon, near Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:.
-
My invention has for its object improvements in woven wire mesh for cycle
saddles, seats, and other articles by which I produce or weave a fabric of greater
fineness and smoothness of surface than has hitherto been possible and which will
be found especially suitable for the covers or seats of cycle saddles.
I
In carrying my invention into practice I first weave a foundation or primary
fabric of sufficient fineness as described and shewn in my prier Letters Patent
No. 13,613 of 1898 wherein two separate and similar sets of helices are interwoven
with one another at right angles and in the same horizontal plane.
then take another helix of the same diameter pitch and thickness
of wire and engage it with two of the longitudinal helices of the primary or
foundation fabric but not with the transverse helices it however lies within their
convolutions and has its upper and lower surfaces immediately below their upper

page_text: and lower surfaces. I now take another similar helix and engage it with one of
the two longitudinal helices already engaged by the first additional helix and
also the next longitudinal helix of the primary or foundation fabric thus engaging
two of the helices of the foundation fabric as with the first additional helix. This
process is repeated until the full width of the primary or foundation fabric has
been so treated.
A
Or I also obtain a finer surface fabric by weaving a double woven fabric upon
the upper surface of the cross woven primary or foundation fabric in the following
manner. I first take an additional helix of the same diameter and pitch and pre-
ferably of the same thickness of wire and intercoil it with one of the longitudinal
helices of the primary or foundation fabric. I then take another or second helix
of the same diameter and pitch and intercoil it with the first additional helix
and also the same longitudinal helix of the primary or foundation fabric.
third additional helix is then intercoiled with the next longitudinal helix of the
primary or foundation fabric and also with the first and second additional helices.
I then take a fourth additional helix and intercoil it with the same longitudinal
helix of the primary or foundation fabric as the third additional helix and also
with the second and third additional helices. This process is repeated until the
desired width of fabric is obtained thus adding two additional helices to each longi-
tudinal helix of the primary or foundation fabric by which means I produce a
fabric having a fine upper surface but the additional helices are not in the same
horizontal plane as the helices of the cross woven primary or foundation fabric.
In order to obtain the necessary strength in such fine fabrics for cycle saddles
I weave another fabric or fabrics upon the lower surface of the cross woven
primary or foundation fabric.
In the case of a fabric woven according to the second method of obtaining. a
fine upper surface I interweave upon the lower surface of the helices of the primary
or foundation fabric another fabric of the same diameter and pitch but pre-
ferably of a stronger gauge of wire or I may use compound hefices formed of
two single helices as described and shewn in my prior Letters Patent herein before
mentioned.
1
In the case of a fabric woven according to the first method of obtaining a fine
upper surface I may interweave upon the lower surface of the primary or founda-
tion fabric another fabric the helices of which engage with one or two of the
longitudinal helices of the primary or foundation fabric and also with the addi-
tional helices on the upper surface of the primary or foundation fabric only.
But I prefer to weave a strengthening fabric on the underside of the primary
or foundation fabric the helices of which are of the same diameter and pitch as
the primary or foundation fabric but of the opposite hand-that is to say if the
primary or foundation fabric is left hand pitch the understrengthening_fabric
would be a right hand pitch and preferably of a thicker gauge of wire. In this
case the strengthening fabric will be interwoven only with the transverse helices
of the primary or foundation fabric and this strengthening fabric may consist
of single helices or compound helices formed of two single helices.
When using a fabric of a right hand pitch as a strengthening or under fabric
in connection with a primary or foundation fabric of a left hand pitch each con-
volution of each helix may engage with each alternate transverse coil only or
with every transverse coil.
In order that my invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practical effect I have appended hereunto drawings upon which I have shewn
several examples of my woven wire mesh.
Figure 1 is a plan view shewing a portion of my new fabric and a portion of
the foundation or primary fabric.
Figure 2 is a plan view shewing a portion of a finer woven fabric and a portion
of the primary or foundation fabric.
Figure 3 is an inverted plan view of Figure 1 shewing an additional mesh
interwoven on the underside,

page_text: Figure 4 is a plan view shewing another form of my fabric with a strengthen-
ing fabric woven on the underside.
Figure 5 is an inverted plan view of Figure 1 shewing the strengthening under
fabric engaging with every transverse coil.
In carrying my invention into practice I first weave the foundation or primary
fabric A of sufficient fineness as described and shewn in my prior Letters Patent
No. 13,613 of 1898 wherein the two separate and similar sets of helices a¹ and a³
are interwoven with one another at right angles and in the same horizontal plane.
I then take another helix of the same diameter pitch and thickness of wire and
engage it with two of the longitudinal helices a¹ but not with the transverse
helices the helix however lies within their convolutions as clearly shewn at
Figure 1, and has its upper and lower surfaces immediately below the upper and
lower surfaces of the transverse helices a². I now take another similar helix b
and engage it with one of the two longitudinal helices a¹ already engaged with
the helix and also with the next longitudinal helix a¹ and with the helix 61
thus engaging two of the helices a¹ of the foundation fabric A in the same manner
as with the helix b'. This process is repeated until the full width of the primary
or foundation fabric A has been so treated and converted into the finer surface
fabric B.
Or I also obtain a finer surface fabric by weaving the double woven fabric d
upon the upper surface of the cross woven primary or foundatión fabric A in the
following manner as shown at Figure 2. I first take the additional helix d'
of the same diameter and pitch and preferably of the same thickness of wire and
interweave it with one of the longitudinal helices a¹ of the primary or foundation
fabric. I then take another or second helix of the same diameter and pitch
and intercoil it with the helix and also with the same longitudinal helix a¹.
The third additional helix is then interwoven with the next longitudinal
helix a of the primary or foundation fabric A and also with the helices and d².
then take the fourth additional helix and intercoil it with the same longi-
tudinal helix a¹ as the additional helix and also with the additional helices (72
and as clearly shewn at Figure 2. This process is repeated until the desired
width of fabric is obtained by adding two additional helices to each longitudinal
helix of the primary or foundation fabric A thereby producing the fabric D which
has a fine upper surface but the additional helices & and d are not in the
same horizontal plane as the helices a¹ of the cross woven primary fabric or
foundation fabric A.
In order to obtain the necessary strength for cycle saddles in fine woven wire
fabrics as above described I weave another fabrics or fabrics upon the lower
surface of the cross woven foundation or primary fabric A in the following manner.
In the case of the fine upper surface fabric D as shewn at Figure 2 I prefer
to interweave upon the lower surface of the helices a¹ of the foundation or primary
fabric A another fabric of the same diameter and pitch but preferably of stronger
gauge of wire or I may use compound helices formed of two or more helices in a
similar manner as described in my prior Patent No. 13,613 of 1898.
In the case of the fabric B woven according to the method of obtaining a fine
upper surface as shewn at Figure 1 I may interweave upon the lower surface of
the primary or foundation fabric A (another fabric E the helices e¹ of which
engage with one or two of the longitudinal helices a¹ of the fabric) A and also
with the helices of the fabric B as clearly shewn at Figure 3 or with the helices
of the fabric B only.
I prefer to weave the strengthening fabric F on the underside of the primary
or foundation fabric A and I employ helices f¹ of the same diameter and pitch
as the helices a¹ but of the opposite hand-that is to say if the helices a¹ of
the primary or foundation fabric A are left hand pitch the helices f¹ of the
understrengthening fabric F would be right hand pitch as shewn at Figure 4 and
preferably of a thicker gauge of wire. In this case the helices f of the strength-
ening fabric engage only with each alternate transverse helix a² of the primary

page_text: or foundation fabric A. The strengthening fabric F may consist of single helices
or compound helices formed of two or more helices.
In some cases when using the strengthening or under fabric F of a right hand
pitch in conjunction with the primary or foundation fabric A of a left hand pitch
each convolution of each helix f¹ may engage with each transverse coil a² of the
foundation or primary fabric as clearly shewn at Figure 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is: -
CLAIMS.
First The new woven wire mesh or fabric for cycle saddles seats and other
articles consisting of the combination with a primary or ordinary cross woven
wire fabric of longitudinally woven helices of either right or left hand convolu-
tions engaging and interlocking with the helices of the primary fabric either on
one or both sides of the primary fabric substantially as herein set forth and as
shewn upon the accompanying drawings.
Second: The woven wire mesh or fabric B for cycle saddles, seats and other
articles, composed of helices in combination with the primary fabric A each
of the helices and be being caused to engage with two of the longitudinal
helices a¹ of the cross woven primary or foundation fabric A thus producing one
new fine strong fabric in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein
set forth and as shewn upon the drawings by Figure 1.
Third: The woven wire mesh or fabric D for cycle saddles, seats and other
articles composed of helices dddd in combination with the primary fabric A
two of the helices of the fabric D engaging with one of the longitudinal helices a¹
of the cross woven primary or foundation fabric A thus producing one new fine
strong fabric in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth
and as shewn upon the drawings by Figure 2.
Fourth In a woven wire mesh or fabric such as is claimed in the first claim
interweaving upon the underside, the fabric E the helices e¹ of which are caused
to engage either with one or two of the longitudinal helices a¹ of the primary or
foundation fabric A, and with the helices of the fabric B or with the
helices only in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set
forth and as shewn by Figure 3.
Fifth In a woven wire mesh or fabric such as is claimed in the first claim
interweaving upon the underside, the strengthening fabric F the helices f¹ of
which are of the opposite hand or pitch to the helices a¹ of the primary or foun-
dation fabric A and are caused to engage with each alternate transverse helix a³
in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn
by Figure 4.
Sixth-In a woven wire mesh or fabric such as is claimed in the first claim
interweaving upon the underside the strengthening fabric F the helices f¹ of
which are of the opposite hand or pitch to the helices of the primary or
foundation fabric A and are caused to engage with each transverse helix a in
the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn by
Figure 5.
ALFRED EDMUND WALE.
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicant, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.