Improvements in Apparatus for Recording Electric Measurements.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 30th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 14th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Recording Electric Measurements.
We, ALBERT GAY, of 47 Gloucester Road, Brighton, in the County of Sussex,
Electrical Engineer, and ROBERT HAMMOND, of 117 Bishopsgate Street Within,
in the County of London, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:
This invention has reference to an electric recording apparatus designed to make
a continuous record, in the form of a diagram, of electric measurements, such as
those of current and of electro-motive force. Two or more diagrams may be pro-
duced concurrently on one apparatus or there may be a separate apparatus for each
set of measurements that is to be recorded.
The diagram is drawn upon a paper, or other suitable material to which a continuous
uniform motion is imparted. By preference the paper is arranged around a drum
or cylinder mounted upon a vertical axis running in jewelled centres, and driven by
clockwork. It is advantageous to arrange a spring in connection with the drum or
cylinder (hereinafter called a drum) in order that the drum may have a constant
tendency to lead the clockwork and thus take up all the backlash in the trans-
mission gear.
In place of this spring a small electric motor may be employed;
this motor would also supply power to drive the clockwork. Or an electric
appliance of the well known kind may be used to wind up the springs of the motor
and of the clockwork at frequent intervals, and thus obviate the necessity for
constant winding by hand.
The paper is ruled in horizontal divisions representing the measurements to be
taken, and if the measuring instrument does not give equal indications for equal
increments of current, or of electro-motive force, the divisions must be calibrated
in accordance. The paper is also divided by vertical lines to denote time.
The marking instrument or pen (hereinafter called a pen) is mounted on a
carriage which moves vertically on guides carried on a sliding frame which can be
adjusted towards and from the drum by a screw. By this arrangement the pen,
which is elastic, can be made to bear on the drum with any desired amount of
pressure, or can be withdrawn entirely from it. When there is more than one
pen they may be all carried by the same frame and moved together, or each pen
may have its own frame.
Each pen is suspended by a flexible cord or wire. This cord or wire (herein-
after called a cord) may be connected directly to the measuring apparatus, but it is
usually more convenient to interpose multiplying gear between the two. A suitable
form of such multiplying gear comprises two pulleys or drums fixed on an axis
running in jewelled centres. The cord is led from a swivel shackle on the pen
carriage to the larger pulley or drum and is fixed to it. Another cord from the
measuring apparatus, which may be attached to a wire heated by the passage of a
current or to a suitable magnetic arrangement such as an iron core in a solenoid or
a motor or rotatory magnet working against a spring and actuated by the current
to be measured, is attached to the smaller, pulley or drum. Thus each motion of
the measuring apparatus is transmitted in a magnified degree to the pen, and the
result is recorded on the paper on the rotating drum...
able
According to a modification the record is received on a band of paper of consider-
This band is led from a roll partly around the drum, being held in
firm contact with it by two feed rollers. Or the drum may be replaced by a pair of
feed rollers, and the paper drawn over a stationary plane or curved surface against
which pen (or pens) bears (or bear). When the apparatus is used in conjunction
with electric lighting machinery and is driven by electricity it is easy to obtain the

page_text: necessary power to drive it when made in the last described form, which of course
offers more frictional resistance than the simple vertical drum.
If the currents whose measurements are to be recorded are alternate or interrupted
and of high tension it is convenient to supply the measuring apparatus by means of
a small transformer or transformers. The current measuring apparatus is supplied
from a transformer in the main circuit, and the E.M.F. measuring apparatus from
one arranged in parallel or as a shunt between the mains.
Dated this 31st day of March 1800.
W. LLOYD WISE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Recording Electric Measurements.
We, ALBERT GAY, of 47 Gloucester Road, Brighton, in the County of Sussex,
Electrical Engineer, and ROBERT HAMMOND, of 117 Bishopsgate Street Within,
in the County of London, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to an electric recording apparatus designed to make
a continuous record, in the form of a diagram, of electric measurements, such as
those of current, and of electro-motive force. Two or more diagrams may be
produced concurrently on one apparatus or there may be a separate apparatus for
each set of measurements that is to be recorded.
The diagram is drawn upon a paper, or other suitable material to which a
continuous uniform motion is imparted. By preference the paper is arranged around
a drum or cylinder mounted upon a vertical axis running in jewelled centres, and
driven by clockwork. It is advantageous to arrange a spring in connection with the
drum or cylinder (hereinafter called a drum) in order that the drum may have a
constant tendency to lead the clockwork and thus take up all the backlash in the
transmission gear. In place of this spring a small electric motor may be employed;
this motor would also supply power to drive the clockwork. Or an electric
appliance of the well known kind may be used to wind up the springs of the motor,
and of the clockwork at frequent intervals and thus obviate the necessity for constant
winding by hand.
The paper is ruled in horizontal divisions representing the measurements to be
taken, and if the measuring instrument does not give equal indications for equal
increments of current, or of electro-motive force, the divisons must be calibrated
in accordance. The paper is also divided by vertical lines to denote time.
The marking instrument or pen (hereinafter called a pen) is mounted on a
carriage which moves vertically on guides carried on a sliding frame which can be
adjusted towards and from the drum by a screw. By this arrangement the pen,
which is elastic, can be made to bear on the drum with any desired amount of
pressure, or can be withdrawn entirely from it. When there is more than one pen
they may be all carried by the same frame and be moved together, or each pen may
have its own frame.
Each pen is suspended by a flexible cord or wire. This cord or wire (hereinafter
called a cord) may be connected directly to the measuring apparatus, but it is usually
more convenient to interpose multiplying gear between the two. A suitable form
of such multiplying gear comprises two pulleys or drums fixed on an axis running
in jewelled centres. The cord is led from a swivel shackle on the pen carriage to
the larger pulley or drum and is fixed to it. Another cord from the measuring
apparatus, which may be a wire heated by the passage of a current, or a suitable
magnetic arrangement such as an iron core in a solenoid, or a motor, or rotatory
magnet working against a spring and actuated by the current to be measured, is
attached to the smaller pulley or drum. Thus each motion of the measuring
apparatus is transmitted in a magnified degree to the pen, and the result is recorded
on the paper on the rotating drum.
+3

page_text: If the currents whose measurements are to be recorded are alternate or interrupted
and of high tension, it is convenient to supply the measuring apparatus by means
of a small transformer or transformers. The current measuring apparatus is
supplied from a transformer in the main circuit, and the E.M.F.. measuring
apparatus from one arranged in parallel or as a shunt between the mains.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively an elevation and a plan of apparatus, according to
this invention for recording electric measurements.
Figs. 3 and 4 are two elevations, at right angles to each other, of the apparatus
for carrying and moving the pens.
Fig. 5 shews an electric measuring apparatus for actuating the pen, and
Fig. 6 shews a modified form of multiplying gear to be interposed between the
measuring and recording apparatus.
A (Figs. 1 and 2) is a rotating drum mounted on a spindle B. This spindle
revolves in cup jewels C, C fixed in a frame G, and is connected with clockwork
mechanism at E, by the bevel wheels D D¹ and the shaft F. H is a spiral spring
which always tends to drive the drum in advance of the clockwork, which has only
to control the motion.
base n n.
In front of the drum there is mounted the pen carriage (Figs. 3 and 4). This
comprises two uprights, united by a frame at top and bottom. The bottom
frame is the table, which is arranged to slide on the rods m m, mounted on the
By means of the screw k the frame jj' can be moved towards the drum,
or be withdrawn from it. On the top frame p is mounted a light shaft d running in
bearings d. There are as many of these shafts as there are pens, in this case two.
On each shaft are two pulleys, a small one b connected by a cord a with a measuring
appliance, and a large one c connected by another cord a¹ to the corresponding
pen i. This latter is carried in a frame e comprising two tubes sliding over the
guide wires ff, a cross piece with a hole g for the insertion of the pen, and a
screw shackle h for the attachment of the cord.
Although only two pen frames are shewn in the drawings a larger number may
be employed.
Fig. 5 shews an appliance susceptible to electric influence and suitable for use
with the recording apparatus. It comprises two pillars J J united at top and
bottom by plates K. From the upper plate K there depend bearings for a shaft L
on which is mounted a pulley M. There is suspended from this pulley, by means
of a cord, which may be one of the cords a (Fig. 3), a yoke N, which is united to
a similar yoke N¹, by a wire O which is led backwards around a series of pins P.
By this construction there is no movement of the wire over the pins P. The ends
of the wire are connected to the electric mains or conductors from whence the
measurements are to be taken. If the current to be measured is alternating, it is
more convenient to join the ends of the wire O in series with the secondary coil of
a transformer. The primary coil is then put in series with one of the mains as
indicated at t, if the amount of current is to be measured, or is placed as a shunt
across the main as indicated at t' if the electro-motive force is to be measured.
Fig. 6 shows a form of multiplying gear, suitable for cases where the range of the
measuring instrument is very small, as in the case of that shewn in Fig. 5. This
gear comprises a lever 7 carried by a shaft that turns on knife edges r¹, and is
balanced by an adjustable counterweight s. The lever has a curved end q' to which
is attached the cord a connected with the frame carrying the recording pen.
its other end it is connected with the measuring apparatus.
At
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for recording electric measurements, the combination of an
electric measuring device, a pen moved by the said measuring device and a recording
surface moved at a constant velocity, substantially as hereinbefore described.

page_text: 2. In apparatus of the kind referred to in the preceding claim, an electric motor
controlled by clockwork to drive a recording surface at a constant velocity sub-
stantially as herein before described.
3. In apparatus of the kind referred to for recording electric measurements, the
combination of an electric measuring device, a rotating drum carrying the recording
surface, and a pen carriage that can be moved in and out to vary the pressure
between the pen and the paper substantially as herein before described.
4. In apparatus of the kind referred to for recording electric measurements, the
combination of an electric measuring device, a recording surface moved with a
constant velocity, and multiplying gear for increasing the motion of the pen in
relation to that of the measuring device.
5. In combination with apparatus such as referred to in claim 1, an electric
transformer having one circuit connected to the main or mains in which circulates
the current whose characteristics are to be recorded, and the other circuit connected
to the electric measuring device.
6. The improved apparatus for recording electric measurements constructed
arranged and operating substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 30th day of December 1890.
ALDERI
W. Lloyd Wise,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.