An Improved Process for the Manufacture of Parts of Buildings and other Structures.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 19th Jan., 189)-Accepted, 4th Mar., 1899
France, Masonry Contractor.]
An Improved Process for the Manufacture of Parts of Buildings
and other Structures.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to a new process of manufacture for objects of all kinds,
building materials, and constructions properly so-called; characterised by the
combination of T-irons with an agglomerant substance of any kind adapted to
be cast and capable of solidifying subsequently, such for example, as concrete,
cement, asphalt, slag and the like, employed either separately in the ordinary
manner or mixed one with the other.
The combination of these irons with such an agglomerant substance serves to
impart to these novel articles of manufacture very great strength, whilst their
manufacture may be effected rapidly and economically and at the spot where the
said materials are to be employed if desired.
This great increase of strength is obtained by casting the agglomerant sub-
stance employed between a series of T-irons which are rigidly connected one with
the other at intervals, the web or flange of each of said irons being surrounded by
the cast mass, whereby a compact block not liable to disaggregation is formed.
This invention is capable of very numerous applications, but it is especially
adanted to the manufacture of posts, columns, pillars, chimney shafts, beams or
girders slabs or tiles for roofing or other purposes, archstones c voussoirs for
bridges, and generally speaking of all constructional parts which have hitherto
been wholly manufactured either of concrete, wrought or cast metal, wood,
masonry, brick or similar materials.
A post or column constructed in accordance with my invention, consists of four
T-irons serving as an external casing or projection and forming flattened angles,
the webs or flanges of such T-irons being embedded in the cast mass or agglo-
merant substance.
These T-irons, which at the same time serve to protect the posts against shocks.
are connected one with the other, at intervals, by their flange, either by means of
iron wires which are bent at their extremities, or by means of small bands of
stamped iron which serve the same purpose. In order to facilitate the assembling
of these irons to ensure their being separated by exactly similar intervals previous
to their connection, and also in order to impart a still greater degree of cohesion
to the mass, a series of plates having their angles cut out so as to form a bearing
for the flanges of the T-irons, may advantageously be arranged at intervals in
the pillar or column. In pillars of large section, the plates may be replaced by

page_text: a series of cross-pieces with notched extremities and serving to connect the
T-irons one with the other with great rigidity.
When the T-irons have been arranged in the desired positions, according to
the size of the pillar or column to be constructed, and rigidly connected one with
the other, the agglomerant substance is cast directly within them and consolidated
in the usual manner whilst temporarily retained by means of boards, planks, a
frame or the like, forming a mould and imparting the desired configuration to
the object constructed.
If the posts are intended for use for telegraphic lines, for example, they may
be cast with their insulating substance direct. To the top of these posts may be
applied any desired ornamentation. They may likewise receive the collars or
supports necessary for the applications for which they are intended.
Instead of being made solid, these posts may equally well be cast hollow. In
this case, the flanges of the T-irons, instead of being united diagonally by the
iron bands or wires, are connected directly with the flanges adjacent to them,
either with or without the use of iron frames fulfilling the office of the plates
and of the cross-pieces. The frames are arranged at intervals along the post and
connected with the T-irons by means of iron wires or hooks ensuring efficient
fixing.
In accordance with the same method of construction, either solid or hollow
columns may be constructed of any desired form, and ornamented by flutings
between the irons, for example.
any
desired form, solid 01
In accordance with this same method of construction pillars may be
constructed of
hollow, and comprising
in this latter case, a second and internal casing consisting of other T-irons rein-
forcing the T-irons of the external casing. These two series of irons (the internal
and external) are rigidly connected at intervals one with the other in the manner
already described and also with the irons as a whole, by means of iron wires or
connections and suitable bearing frames.
In order to give still greater rigidity to the pillar, these two series of single
T-irons may be replaced by a single series of double T-irons, connected one
with the other in the manner above described.
Factory chimney-shafts may also be constructed in accordance with my inven-
tion either by means of a cast agglomerant substance or of bricks. In this
application to chimney shafts, the frames are replaced by notched or indented
iron hoops which, being engaged and connected with each of the flanges of the
T-irons, and being embedded in the mass at intervals, impart complete, cohesion
to the whole.
This novel process of manufacture may likewise be advantageously applied to
the construction of trusses with columns and of tile roofing in accordance with
my invention.
In order to form the rafters, the agglomerant substance is cast
in a frame formed by two lengths of T-irons, the upper of which, being straight,
whilst the lower may form a curve varying according to the pitch of the rafter.
The extremities of this lower length are turned up to facilitate its connection with
the upper length.
.
an
A certain number of connections unite the lengths with the other, in the
manner already described. As regards the columns to which these rafters are
attached, they are likewise formed of
agglomerant substance cast
between the two T-irons and are connected with the rafters by means
of fish plates or cheeks. The rafters are connected one with the other at the ridge
of the roof by means of other fish-plates. Finally, the roofing consists of slabs
or tiles which are also formed by casting the desired agglomerant substance in
an iran frame two opposite sides of which are formed by small T-irons, the other
two opposite sides consisting of angle irons. In order to impart a greater degree
of consistency to the slab, a bar which is fixed at both extremities to the angle-
irons, is embedded in the thickness of the slab, and likewise serves as an inter-
mediate connection between the iron wires.

page_text: The T-irons above referred to may be employed either in the rough, or
nickeled, bronzed or galvanised. They may also be of the ordinary form or
slightly moulded or fluted in order to produce a more decorative effect.
Finally, my invention is equally capable of application to a multiplicity of
other purposes, such for example as the construction of the archstones or vous-
soirs of bridges, the coping of walls timber summers, conduit pipes, vats, reser-
voirs, gasometers, the spires of edifices, and so forth.
1 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Process for the Manufacture of Parts of Buildings
and other Structures.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a new process of manufacture for objects of all kinds
building materials, and constructions properly so-called; characterised by the
combination of T-irons with an agglomerant substance of any kind adapted to
be cast and capable of subsequently solidifying, such, for example, as concrete,
cement, asphalt, slag and the like, employed either separately in the ordinary
manner or mixed one with the other.
The combination of these irons with such an agglomerant substance serves to
impart to these novel articles of manufacture very great strength, whilst their
manufacture may be effected rapidly and economically and at the spot where the
said materials are to be employed if desired.
This great increase of strength is obtained by casting the agglomerant sub-
stance employed between a series of T-irons which are rigidly connected one with
the other at intervals, the web or flange of each of such irons being surrounded
by the agglomerant mass, whereby a compact block not liable to disaggregation
is formed.
This invention is capable of very numerous applications, but it is especially
adapted to the manufacture of posts, columns, pillars, chimney shafts, beams or
girders, slabs or tiles for roofing or other purposes, archstones or voussoirs for
bridges, and generally speaking of all constructional parts which have hitherto
cast metal, wood,
been wholly manufactured either of concrete wrought or
masonry, brick or similar materials.
In order that my invention may be readily and clearly understood, I will now
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows by
way of example some of the applications of which my said invention is capable.
Figure 1 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of a post con-
structed in accordance with my invention.
Figure 2 represents a horizontal section through the same post, shewing the
arrangement of the T-irons.
Figures 3 and 4 each illustrate a different method of connecting, at intervals,
the T-irons one with the other.
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 shew different forms of posts or pillars and also the
methods of connecting the T-irons one with the other which may be employed
according to various applications of my invention:

page_text: Figures and 10 mustrate the application of my invention to a factory
chimney shaft.
Figure 11 shows the invention applied to the principal rafters of trusses and
to columns, and
Figure 12 represents the application of the invention to a concrete tile or-slab
for roofing, and Figure 13 a section on line 1-2 of Figure 12.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of
the drawing.
As shewn in Figures 1 and 2 a post or column constructed in accordance with
my invention consists of four T-irons A A A A serving as an external_casing
or protection and forming flattened angles, the webs or Hanges of such T-irons
being embedded in the cast mass or agglomerant substance B.
These T-irons A, which at the same time serve to protect the posts against
shocks, are connected one with the other, at intervals, by their flanges, either by
means of iron wires CC which are bent at their extremities, or by means of
small bands of stamped iron which serve the same purpose. In order to facilitate
the assembling of these irons A, to ensure their being separated by exactly
similar intervals previous to their connection, and also in order to impart a still
greater degree of cohesion to the mass, a series of plates D (see Figure 3) having
their angle cut out so as to form a bearing, for the flanges of the T-irons, may
advantageously be arranged at intervals in the pillar or column. In pillars of
large section, the plates 1) may be replaced (see Figure 4) by a series of cross-
pieces E with notched extremities and serving to connect the T-irons one with
the other with great rigidity.
When the T-irons have been arranged in the desired positions, according to
the size of the pillar or column to be constructed, and rigidly connected one with
the other, the agglomerant substance is cast directly within them and consolidated
in the usual manner whilst temporarily retained by means of boards, planks, a
frame or the like, forming a mould and imparting the desired configuration to
the object constructed.
If the posts are intended for use for telegraphic lines, for example, they may
be cast with their insulating substance direct. To the top of these posts may be
applied any desired ornamentation, of the kind illustrated in Figure 1 for
example. They may likewise receive the collars or supports necessary for the
applications for which they are intended.
Instead of being made solid, these posts may equally well be cast hollow, as
shewn in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8. In this case, the flanges of the T-irons, instead
of being united diagonally by the iron bands or wires C, are connected directly
with the flanges adjacent to them, either with or without the use of iron frames F
(see Figure 6) fulfilling the office of the plates 1 and of the crosspieces E. The
frames Fare arranged at intervals along the post and connected with the T-irons
by means of iron wires or hooks ensuring efficient fixing.
In accordance with the same method of construction, either solid or hollow
columns may be constructed (see Figure 7) of any desired form, and ornamented
by flutings between the irons, for example.
In accordance with this same method of construction, pillars may be constructed
(see Figure 8) of any desired form, solid or hollow, and comprising in this latter
case, a second and internal casing E' consisting of other T-irons reinforcing the
T-irons of the external casing A. These two series of irons (the internal and
external) are rigidly connected at intervals one with the other in the manner
already described and also with the irons A as a whole, by means of iron wires
or connections C and suitable frames F.
In order to give still greater rigidity to the pillar, these two series of single
T-irons may be replaced by a single series of double T-irons, connected one
with the other in the manner above described.
Factory chimney-shafts may also be constructed in accordance with my inven-
tion in the manner illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 for example, either by means

page_text: of a cast agglomerant substance or of bricks. In this application to chimney
shafts, the frames Fare replaced by notched or indented iron hoops G (see
Figure 10) which, being engaged and connected with each of the flanges of the
T-irons, and being embedded in the mass at intervals, impart complete cohesion
to the whole.
This novel process of manufacture may likewise be advantageously applied to
the construction of trusses with columns and of tile roofing in accordance with
my invention as represented in Figure 11. In order to form the rafters, the
agglomerant substance is cast in a frame formed by two lengths of T-irons, the
upper of which, the length H, being straight, whilst the lower H¹ may form
a curve varying according to the pitch of the rafter. The extremities of this
lower length H are turned up to facilitate its connection with the upper
length H.
A certain number of connections C unite the lengths H and H' one with the
other in the manner already described. As regards the columns to which these
rafters are attached, they are likewise formed of an agglomerant substance cust
between the two T-irons M M and are connected with the rafters by means of
fish plates or checks N. The rafters are connected one with the other at the
ridge of the roof by means of other fish-plates I. Finally, the roofing consists of
slabs or tiles L which are also formed by casting the desired agglomerant sub-
stance in an iron frame (see Figures 12 and 13) two opposite sides of which are
formed by small T-irons A A, the other two opposite sides consisting of angle
irons P. 1. In order to impart a greater degree of consistency to the slab, a
bar which is fixed at both extremities to the angle-irons, is embedded in the
thickness of the slab, and likewise serves as an intermediate connection between
the iron wires C.
The T-irons above referred to may be employed either in the rough, or
nickelled, bronzed or galvanised. They may also be of the ordinary form or
slightly moulded or fluted in order to produce a more decorative effect.
Finally, my invention is equally capable of application to a multiplicity of
other purposes, such for example as the construction of the arch-stones or vous-
soirs of bridges, the coping of walls timber-summers, conduit pipes, vats, reser-
voirs, gasometers, the spires of edifices, and so forth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is;-
-
The hereindescribed process of manufacture some of the numerous applications
of which have been above indicated and illustrated by way of example in the
accompanying drawing, such manufacture being characterised by the combina-
tion of T-irons, which are connected one with the other, with an agglomerant-sub-
stance of any suitable kind cast in the desired shape between such T-irons in
such a manner as to constitute a compact mass or block of great strength.
101
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.