ROVEMENTS IN METALLIC TEETH EMPLOYED IN WASTE OPENING, SCRIBLING, AND CARDING MACHINERY, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF.
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Heaton Kellett, of Cleckheaton, in the County
$6
of York, Machine Maker, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC
TEETH EMPLOYED IN WASTE OPENING, SCRIBLING, AND CARDING MACHINERY,
AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF.'
Sealed the 30th May 1879, and dated the 3rd December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Heaton Kellett at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd December 1878.
"
WILLIAM HEATON KELLETT, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Machine
Maker. IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC TEETH EMPLOYED IN WASTE OPENING,
SCRIBLING, AND CARDING MACHINERY, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF."
This Invention relates to what are generally known as Garnett's metallic teeth,
which have hitherto been fomed of soft iron wire, or flattened strips of soft iron,
which material does not possess sufficient strength to resist the strains to which the
teeth are subjected when employed in the machinery above mentioned.
My improvements consist in forming such teeth of steel, and when desirable
hardening or tempering the same previous to their attachment to the cylinder or
roller.
The tempering or hardening of the teeth may be effected by any of the well
known methods, but I prefer the following:-A plate of iron having a groove cut
therein is heated to the required temperature, and the metal strips of teeth are
passed through the groove, by which they attain the same temperature as the plate,
after which they pass through a vessel containing oil. This process may be repeated
as often as necessary by employing a succession of heated plates and cooling vessels.
When desirable to heat the teeth only for the purpose of hardening, the groove is
of such a depth that when the strip of metal is inserted with the points of the teeth
D
•

page_text: downward the back rib or continuous portion is left projecting above the top of the
groove, so as to escape heating. It is thus left in the soft state, so that the teeth
can be more easily wound upon cylinders of small diameter.
It will be readily seen that by the method above described the process of hardening
and tempering may be conducted with great nicety and regularity...
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Heaton Kellett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
June 1879.
WILLIAM HEATON KELLETT, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Machine
Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC TEETH EMPLOYED IN WASTE-OPENING,
SCRIBBLING, AND CARDING MACHINERY, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF."
This Invention relates to what are generally known as Garnett's metallic teeth,
which have hitherto been formed of soft iron wire, or flattened strips of soft iron,
which material does not possess sufficient strength to resist the strains to which the
teeth are subjected when employed in the machinery above mentioned.
My improvements consist in forming such teeth of steel, and hardening and
tempering the same previous to their attachment to the cylinder or roller.
The tempering or hardening of the teeth may be effected by any of the well
known methods, but I prefer the following:-A plate of iron having a groove cut
therein is heated to the required temperature, and the metal strips of teeth are
passed through the groove, by which they attain the same temperature as the plate,
after which they pass through a vessel containing oil or other tempering liquid.
This process may be repeated as often as necessary by employing a succession of
heated plates and cooling vessels. When it is desirable to heat the teeth only, the
groove is of such a depth that when the strip of metal is inserted with the points
of the teeth downward, the back rib or continuous portion is left projecting above
the top of the groove, so as to escape heating. It is thus left in the soft state, so
that the teeth can be more easily wound upon cylinders of small diameter.
In order that my Invention will be more readily understood, I have hereto annexed
a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof.
In Fig. 1, A represents a strip of teeth wound originally upon a drum B. From
the drum B the strip passes through a groove in the heated metal plate C, by which
it is heated to a temperature depending upon the temperature of the plate and the
rate of motion of the strip. On leaving the plate the strip passes through the oil
or fluid contained in the vessel D, the immersion of the teeth being secured by
means of the roller E.
The oil cools and hardens the strip, which is then tempered by passing through
molten lead contained in the vessel F, under which is a fire box G, and the strip is
finally wound upon the drum H.

page_text: Fig. 2 is similar in most respects to Fig. 1, but instead of employing the heated
plate I heat the strip by passing the same through a tube J surrounded by fire K,
by means of which perfect regularity of heating can be obtained.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and described what I consider
to be the most advantageous methods of carrying out the same, I would have it
understood that I do not confine myself to any particular method of tempering the
teeth, as other means may be employed, but what I claim as my Invention and
consider to be new is,--
Firstly. The employment of steel hardened and tempered instead of iron in the
manufacture of teeth of the kind herein shewn and described.
Secondly. The use and employment of the Garnett tooth, having the teeth
hardened and tempered, while the back or rib is soft for the purpose, substantially
as described.
Thirdly. The methods herein shown and described of hardening and tempering
the said teeth, or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Heaton Kellett, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
TIN
שת TTT'
NOLVAH M
YY
חת ז זת'
(i+s.)