IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd, of Shettleston,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD."
Sealed the 21st August 1877, and dated the 27th February 1877.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Boyd and Thomas
Alexander Boyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th
February 1877.
JOHN BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Shettleston, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING
YARN OR THREAD."
This Invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
certain yarns or thread winding machinery, described or referred to in the Specifi-
cation of Letters Patent granted to the present applicants, and dated 1 December
1874 (No. 4119), and relates more particularly to arrangements for winding two or
more yarns or threads on one bobbin, for the purpose of what is known as
doubling."
The present improvements are also applicable to other kinds of winding machines
besides those referred to.
By the present Invention the two or more yarn or thread ends of a set that are
wound on one bobbin are led through eyes at the inner ends of separate detector
levers, centered under a rail at or near the front of the machine. From these
detector levers the ends are led up to a roller or pulley carried at a certain height
above the bobbin by an arm fixed to a central traverse bar, which serves for both
sides of the machine, and from this roller or pulley the set of ends descends to the
bobbin, which rotates so that its under side moves from the centre of the machine.
The roller thus serves as a guide by which the traverse motion is imparted to the
ends; also for giving a sufficient length of course to the ends between the detector
levers and the bobbin; also for preventing a broken end from becoming entangled
on the bobbin, and also for causing a stronger end or ends of a set to assist a
weaker end or ends; whilst the entire arrangement causes the strains due to the
Prins G71

page_text: winding operation to act so that a weak end is more likely to break at such a
distance from the bobbin that the automatic stoppage can be effected with certainty
before the broken end reaches the bobbin. Each end when unbroken holds up its
detector lever, but on the end breaking or failing, the lever falls, and its descent is
hastened by the drum which acts on the bobbin in consequence of a piece of rubber
or other suitable material fixed on its inner end then coming into contact with the
drum. The detector lever in descending comes into contact with a cross wire fixed
to one or two curved arms extending forwards from the lever which inserts the slip
between the drum and the bobbin, as described in the earlier Specification herein-
before referred to, and thereby stops the rotation of the bobbin. When the slip
lever is moved back by means of the hand lever its forward arm raises all the
detector levers into their acting positions, and in doing so also lifts a separate lever
or loose piece, which on the hand lever being afterwards drawn forward to restart
the winding action, bears down the forward arm of the slip lever so as to be quite
free from the detector levers, but only to a short distance determined by a stop.
The roller on the traverse bar is covered with vulcanised rubber, which prevents
loose ends or snarls from springing forward, and a kind of open casing is arranged
to partially enclose the roller, and is formed with a slit, by which the ends are
entered when being placed on the roller, and which guides them into their proper
position thereon, and keeps them from getting displaced. In some cases the detector
lever may be fitted with small pulleys for the ends to pass round instead of wire or
other eyes; and tension may be applied to the ends, when desirable, by passing
them over curved beds or rollers covered with flannel, rubber, or other suitable
material.
The curved beds are by preference made separate for each set of ends, and each
bed is fitted with a small guide rail which can be easily adjusted to vary the extent
of contact of the ends with the frictional surface.
Instead of the detector levers falling against the drum which drives the bobbin, a
separate revolving drum or pulley may be introduced for them to fall against, and
for hastening and enforcing their downward action on the slip lever.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th August 1877.
JOHN BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD; of Shettleston, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING
YARN OR THREAD."
Our said Invention has for its object to improve the construction and action of
certain yarn or thread winding machinery, described or referred to in the Specifi-
cation of Letters Patent granted to us, and dated 1 December 1874 (No. 4119), and
relates more particularly to arrangements for winding two or more yarns or threads
on one bobbin, for the purpose of what is known as "doubling."
Our present improvements or some of them are also applicable to other kinds of
winding machines besides those referred to.
By our present Invention the two or more yarn or thread ends of a set that are
to be wound on one bobbin are led through eyes at the inner ends of separate
detector levers, centered under a rail at or near the front of the machine. From
these detector levers the ends are led up to a roller or pulley carried at a certain
considerable height above the bobbin by an arm fixed to a central longitudinal
traverse bar which serves for both sides of the machine; and from this roller or
pulley the set of ends descends to the bobbin, which rotates so that its under side
moves from the centre of the machine. The roller thus serves as a guide, by which
the traverse motion is imparted to the ends, also for giving a sufficient length of

page_text: course to the ends between the detector levers and the bobbin, also for preventing
a broken end from becoming entangled on the bobbin, and also for causing a
stronger end or ends of a set to assist a weaker end or ends, whilst the entire
arrangement causes the strains due to the winding operation to act so that a weak
end is more likely to break at such a distance from the bobbin that the automatic
stoppage can be effected with certainty before the broken end reaches the bobbin.
On the breakage or failure of an end the automatic stopping action is hastened and
strengthened by the action of the winding drum on the detector levers, each of
which has a piece of rubber or other suitable material at its end which then comes
into contact with the drum.
And in order that the improvements herein-before referred to, and others
comprised in our present Invention, may be properly understood, we hereunto
append two Sheets- of explanatory Drawings, to be herein-after referred to and
showing their practical application. In these Drawings the same reference
numerals are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
Figures 1 and 2, on Sheet 1 of the Drawings, accompanying Drawings, are a side
elevation and a transverse vertical section of part of a doubling winding machine,
as fitted with our improved details. The Figures on Sheet 2 of the Drawings are
enlarged views of separate parts or sets of parts. The winding drums 1. are as
usual fixed on two longitudinal shafts 2, and the bobbins 3, whilst resting on the tops
of the drums during the winding operation, are held in rollers 4, jointed to bracket
pieces 5, and having hand levers 6 arranged in connection with them all, substan-
tially as in our earlier Specification herein-before referred to. The automatic stoppage
also takes place in a similar way by the entrance of a slip or plate 7 in between the
drum 1 and bobbin 3, such slip being carried by a pair of arms 8, forming part-
of the slip lever of the detector details, and rising up from the centre of that lever
piece behind the drum 1. This slip lever is made with a pair of curved arms 9,
extending forward under the drum 1, and having a horizontal wire 10 fixed across
their front ends, and the wire 10 is just below the inner parts of the detector levers
11. The detector levers 11, of which there is one for each end, are centered on a
wire held in little brackets 12, fixed to the under side of a longitudinal rail 13, and
each lever 11 has a wire eye 14 fixed to its inner end, where there is also fixed a
piece 15 of rubber or other suitable frictional material.
When the yarns 16 are drawn off cops 17, as shown in Figure 1, and at the left-
hand side of Figure 2, they are passed as usual over curved beds 18, covered with:
flannel, rubber, or other suitable material; we however employ separate frictional
beds 18 for each set of ends, and each bed is fitted with a small guide rail 19, which.
being held by pinching screws can be easily adjusted to vary the extent of contact
of the ends with the frictional surface. The yarn ends 16 pass over the frictional
bed 18 and rail '19 to the eyes 14 of the detector levers 11, which might be fitted
with small pulleys for the ends to pass round instead of wire or other eyes. From
the detector levers 11 the ends 16 pass up to and round a traverse roller or pulley 20,
all the ends to be wound on one bobbin going round the same traverse pulley 20,
and descending from the inner side thereof to the inner side of the bobbin 3. Each
traverse pulley 20 is covered with rubber which prevents slack or loose ends from
springing forward,.and each pulley is partially enclosed in a kind of open casing or
guard 21, shown in plan in Figure 7, and in vertical section in Figure 8, one side
being in a separate piece screwed to the other part when the roller has been put in
its place, and a slit being left between the two parts by which the yarn ends are
entered when being placed on the pulley, and which guides them into. their proper
position thereon, and keeps them from getting displaced. The several traverse.
pulleys 20 are fixed by brackets 22, 23, the latter forming parts of the pulley.
guards 21 to a longitudinal traverse bar 24, made, by preference of wood, and serving
for both sides of the machine. This traverse bar 24.is guided in standards 25.
formed or fixed centrally on, the end frames 26. of the machine (and in some cases.
also on intermediate transverse frames), and the bar rests on antifriction rollers 27,

page_text: and has the traverse motion imparted to it by chains 28 connected with the usual
traverse motion cam. The standards 25 also carry shelves 29 for holding cops or
bobbins, and the usual arrangements are adopted for holding the cops 17, whilst the
ends are being drawn off them upon a longitudinal rail 30 fixed to the end frames 26.
Each end 16 passes from the cops 17 through a slit in a plate 31 before proceeding
over the frictional bed 18, such slit plate 31 keeping back loose fibres. A part of
one of the slit plates 31 is shown in plan in Figure 6, from which it will be seen
that the slit is made with barbed sides which is done so that the workers may not
draw the end out along the slit, as they are apt to do to avoid the trouble of cleaning
off accumulated fibres in a proper manner.
When the yarn or thread ends 16 are drawn off bobbins 36, as shown at the
right-hand side of Figure 2, they pass over a guide rail 37, and thence at once to
the detector levers 11, subsequently proceeding as in the case of the ends drawn off
cops.
The yarn or thread end 16 is shown entire at the left-hand side of Figure 2, and
the parts are all in the positions they have when the winding is proceeding properly,
but at the right-hand side of Figure 2 the end 16 is represented as just broken, and
the parts are shown in the positions they immediately assume in such a case.
Each
end 16, when unbroken, holds up its detector lever 11, which is nicely balanced for
that purpose, but on the end breaking or failing, the lever 11 falls, and its descent
is hastened by the drum 1 in consequence of the rubber 15 or other material at the
end of the lever coming in contact therewith. The detector lever 11 in descending
comes in contact with the cross wire 10 of the slip lever 8, 9, and this slip lever
acting as described in our earlier Specification, herein-before referred to, stops the
rotation of the bobbin 3 by causing the slip 7 to be introduced between the bobbin 3
and drum 1. When the slip lever 8, 9, is moved back by means of the hand lever 6
the cross wire 10 raises all the detector levers 11 into their acting positions, and in
doing so also lifts a separate lever or loose piece 38 centered on the same wire as
the detector levers 11, which piece 38, on the hand lever 6 being afterwards drawn
forward to restart the winding action, bears down the forward arm 10, 9, of the slip
lever so as to be quite free from the detector levers 11, but only to a short distance,
determined by the limited movement allowed to the piece 38 in consequence of its
outer end turning up against the bracket 12. The movements of the detector
levers 11 are similarly limited by their outer ends turning up against the rail 13,
and the upward movement of their inner ends, when being raised by the cross
wire 10 of the slip lever, is checked by their encountering springs 39 fixed to the
rail 13.
Our improved arrangement of detector levers 11 and parts connected therewith
herein described and delineated has the very important practical advantage that
the unbalanced weight of the detector levers 11, which weight has to be supported
by the ends 16, can be made extremely small, so that the apparatus will work
satisfactorily with very light yarns as well as with strong yarns or threads.
Instead of the detector levers 11 falling against the drum 1 a separate revolving
drum or pulley may be introduced for them to fall against, and for hastening and
enforcing their downward action on the slip lever.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, we have to state that we do not restrict ourselves to the precise
details herein described or delineated, but that what we believe to be novel and
original, and claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
1. The improved arrangement of the traverse pulleys (20) in relation to the other
parts, substantially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
2. The improved arrangement of the detector levers (11) with the frictional
pieces (15) at their inner ends, adapted for coming in contact with and being acted
on by the drum (1) or other revolving surface, substantially as and for the purposes
herein-before described.

page_text: 3. The application of the lever or loose piece (38) for bearing down the forward
part of the slip lever a short distance below the detector levers, as herein-before
described.
4. The application of an adjustable rail (19) to regulate the frictional action of a
curved bed or beds (18) on one or more sets of ends, as herein-before described.
5. The application of a separate frictional bed (18) to each set of ends, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Boyd, on behalf of myself and the said
Thomas Alexander Boyd, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-
fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-seven.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
JOHN BOYD. (L.S.)