IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE NAILS AND SHOE RIVETS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS, PATENT to Henry Evans, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth,
Wire Nail and Shoe Rivet Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE NAILS AND SHOE RIVETS."
Sealed the 4th January 1878, and dated the 12th July 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Evans at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1877.
HENRY EVANS, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Wire Nail and Shoe
Rivet Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
WIRE NAILS AND SHOE RIVETS."
The object of this Invention is the construction of an improved machine whereby
the manufacture of wire nails and shoe rivets is greatly facilitated and simplified.
The improved machine is constructed of a suitable stand or frame, the top of
which inclines from the back towards the front. It is provided with a driving
shaft having suitable cams for operating or working the various parts of the machine,
as herein-after described.
I employ round dies, the lower one of which is fixed, and the upper one for
giving the pressure is moveable. These dies are fixed in recesses, and are held in
position by screws and nuts. The upper die is fixed in a moveable lever or arm
operated by a cam from the driving shaft and a spring; the lower die is fixed in a
carrier fitted in a recess in the frame of the machine.
For cutting off the rivets or nails, instead of the ordinary cutting lever, I employ
scissors, adjustable by excentrics and set pins placed in the head of the frame. The
said scissors, are provided with suitable steel cutters, and are operated by means of
clips connected with levers worked by cams on the driving shaft.
I employ a heading bolt of the ordinary construction, but I place it on a moveable,
frame fixed by set pins to the usual fixed frame. The object of this moveable frame
is to allow of the heading bolt being adjusted to the required position according to:
the head required.

page_text: The feed mechanism is operated by a cam on the driving shaft, and is so arranged
as to bring the wire at each revolution of the driving shaft forward into a hole in
the head of the frame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Eyans in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th January
1878.
HENRY EVANS, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Wire Nail and Shoe
Rivet Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFActure of
WIRE NAILS AND SHOE RIVETS."
The object of this Invention is the construction of an improved machine whereby
the manufacture of wire nails and shoe rivets is greatly facilitated and simplified.
The improved machine is constructed of a suitable stand or frame, the top of
which inclines from the back toward the front: It is provided with a driving shaft
having suitable cams for operating or working the various parts of the machine, as
herein-after described.
I cuploy round dies, the lower one of which is fixed, and the upper one for
giving the pressure is moveable. These dies are fixed in recesses, and are held in
position by screws and nuts. The upper die is fixed in a moveable lever or arm
operated by a cam from the driving. shaft and a spring;. the lower die is fixed in a
carrier fitted in a recess in the frame of the machine.
For cutting off the rivets or nails, instead of the ordinary cutting lever, I employ
scissors, adjustable by excentrics and set pins placed in the head of the frame. The
said scissors, are provided with suitable steel cutters, and are operated by means of
clips connected with levers worked by cams on the driving shaft.
י
I employ a heading bolt of the ordinary construction, but I place it on a moveable
frame fixed by set pins to the usual fixed frame. The object of this moveable frame
is to allow of the heading bolt being adjusted to the required position according to
the head required.
The feed mechanism is operated by a cam on the driving shaft, and is so arranged
as to bring the wire at each revolution of the driving shaft forward into a hole in
the head of the frame.
But to make my Invention better understood, I will now proceed to describe the
same by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 is a side
elévation; Figure 2, a plan; and Figure 3, an end elevation of my improved.
machine for the manufacture of wire nails and shoe rivets;.Figure 4 is a section on.
line A, B, Figure 2.
Similar letters in all the Figures are used to represent similar parts.
a; a, a, is the stand.or frame of the machine; b, b, is the inclined top of same,
consisting of a frame, as shewn, instead of the usual solid bed plate; c, c, is the
driving shaft; d, d¹, fast and loose pulleys; e, e, is the head of the machine; fis the
lower die, fixed in a carrier fixed in a recess in the head e of the machine by set
screws; f¹ is the upper die, fixed in a similar manner in the lever or arm g, one end
of which is pivotted at h, the other end being jointed to the lever i operated by the
cam j on the main shaft for producing the pressure. The said dies are cylindrical
or round, as shewn, a number of grooves for holding the wire being formed on their
peripheries in the direction of the axis. This construction of dies and the arrange-
ment for fixing them allows of the dies being easily moved as the grooves become.

page_text: worn, which is a great advantage over the dies hitherto employed which had but
one groove.
k, k, are the scissors carrying the cutters for cutting off and pointing the nail or
rivet. These scissors are suspended at their upper ends at 1, l, to excentrics 1, and
are opened and closed by means of the cams m, m, on the main shaft c, which
operate the levers n, n, moving on pivots or fulcrums o, o, and bolted at their other
ends to the clips o¹, o', clipping the scissors k, k, as shewn in Figure 4. The cutters
are fixed by screws to the scissors, and the cutting edges are so formed that when
the cutters are brought together they form a hollow cone, which cuts off the nail
or rivet, at the same time forming a round point by the pressure. When the cutters
are worn they can be easily removed and replaced. The excentrics l'allow of the
scissors being raised or lowered, so as to enable the cutters to be exactly adjusted,
while the set screw p¹ allows of the scissors being moved forward or backward;
P, P, are set screws for holding the excentrics in position.
The heading bolt q is of the ordinary construction, but I place it in a moveable
frame r, r, fixed by set pins 8, 8, 8, 8, to the inclined top b of the stand. The front
of the frame is also provided with a set screw t, which allows of raising or
lowering the frame carrying the heading bolt, while the set screws allow of the
frame being moved horizontally, according to the form of head required or the
position of the wire to be headed. u is the excentric operating the connecting
rod v working the feed mechanism w, which is of the ordinary construction.
The machine being set in motion the operation is as follows:-The wire is placed
in the feed mechanism w, and is brought forward by the connecting rod v operated
by the crank u into a hole in the head e, and between the dies f, f¹, and the
pressure is produced as berein-before described; the heading bolt now comes forward
and forms the head; the dies now open, and the wire being moved forward the
scissors are brought together, and the cutters cut off the nail or rivet to the proper
length, at the same time forming a round point; the nail is now knocked off by
the usual means, and the same operations are repeated for each nail to be made.
Having thus described my said Invention, and the best means I am acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details herein laid down, as the same may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention, but what I do
claim is,
Firstly. The general arrangement and construction of machinery for the manu-
facture of wire nails and shoe rivets, substantially as herein-before described, and
represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly. The construction and employment in nail machines of cylindrical dies,
as and for the purposes described.
Thirdly. The employment of adjustable scissors carrying the cutters, said scissors
being operated from the main shaft, substantially as herein-before described, and
represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Fourthly. The construction and employment of an adjustable frame for carrying
the heading bolt, as herein-before described, and represented in the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Evans, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One thou-
Vitness,
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street,
Finsbury,
London.
HY. EVANS. (L.S.)