Improved Incandescence Oil Lamp.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1898-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Incandescence Oil Lamp.
I, KARL REICHEL, of No. 30, Gagarinskaja, St. Petersburg, Russia, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
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The object of the present application for Letters Patent consists of a petroleum
incandescence lamp, which operates with a smooth gas cylinder of small diameter,
and the burner whereof can be constructed in such sizes that it is applicable to
any usual petroleum lamp of the larger sizes.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 shews the lamp and the position of the baffle, the wick carrier, and
so forth, when the lamp has been extinguished.
Figure 2 shews the position of the parts when the lamp is ignited, and the
dotted lines shew the relative position thereof when it is desired to produce
the Bunsen flame.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the burner, and
Figure 4 is a detail view of the baffle on an enlarged scale viewed from above
and in section.
The wick is as usual placed between two walls A A¹ enclosing an annular
space, and is also guided by means of a curved slide B prolonged at its upper end
into annular form; the wick is secured to the aforesaid slide by means of the
projections B on the same at its upper end. The lower end of the slide is
closed by means of a plate C. Along the axis of the inner wick tube there is
placed the small tube D which passes from the bottom of the burner up to
about the height of the upper edge of the burner. In this tube the ratchet
bar E moves up or down under the influence of the ratchet wheel F whose
periphery passes through the wall of the tube and engages with the bar. The
said ratchet wheel is operated from the outside by means of the milled button F¹
secured upon its axle in the usual manner. The ratchet bar E passes through
an opening in the bottom plate C of the wick guide. A nut E' prevents the end
of the said bar from being wound too far outwards. The upper end of the
ratchet bar is provided with a screw thread upon which the spindle H which
supports the baffle G can be screwed. If the button F¹ (Figure 1) be turned in
the direction from left to right, the ratchet bar will be moved upwards, and in
this motion the spindle H with the baffle G will participate. The nut E' then
strikes against the plate C and carries this with it. The slide B together with
the wick must consequently follow the upward motion until the plate C strikes
against the lower side of the burner. The wick is then so arranged that when
the parts take this position it terminates on a level with the upper edge of the
wick tube. When in this position the lamp is ready to be lit.
When the flame is produced the button F1 is revolved in the opposite direction
until the baffle assumes the position indicated in Figure 2 in dotted lines. The
slide B together with the wick is, however, uninfluenced by this backward motion

page_text: of the ratchet bar, and remains stationary in its highest position. From the
plate C of the slide there passes a guide wire I upwards through the bottom
of the burner, and is then curved so that it passes outside.
At its end it sup-
ports a button J which can be screwed up or down. If pressure is applied to
the said button when in the position shewn in Figure 2 the same is moved
downwards carrying with it the slide and wick, in the position shewn in Figure 1.
Alongside the button J there is provided a bent revoluble arm K which serves
to limit the upward motion of the button before the plate C strikes against
the bottom of the burner. This arm can be turned aside when it is necessary to
depress the button J.
The spindle H supporting the baffle is formed at its upper end of somewhat
smaller diameter, and provided with a screw thread. This reduced end fits
exactly in the tubular hub of the lower half G₁ of the baffle which forms a
deep ring, the motion whereof is limited on the one hand by the shoulder of
the spindle H, and on the other hand by the position of the second half of
the baffle G of disc shape and screwed upon the spindle. The amount of play
which is most advantageous for these parts must be determined by experiment.
It is obvious that an arrangement must be applied to the lamp which enables
the chimney together with the gallery and the mantle to be lifted and turned
aside when the wick is to be ignited, but this mechanism is not shewn in the
drawing because it forms in itself no portion of the present invention. When
the lamp is to be lighted the wick and the baffle are brought into the position
shewn in Figure 2, the lamp is lighted, and the baffle is brought into the
position shewn in dotted lines in Figure 2. The resulting flame still burns
white. In this position the parts are allowed to remain until they have become
so much heated that the petroleum in the wick volatilizes. Then the baffle G
is cautiously turned a little further down, and the Bunsen flame results, which
burns in the interior of the baffle, and is conducted through the annular aperture
between G and G" and impinges against the mantle, causing the same to be-
come incandescent. The Bunsen flame does not burn on the wick, but a short
distance over the same, consequently a carbonisation of the wick hardly occurs
at all; but if in process of time it should be found necessary to cleanse the wick
and thereby shorten it it is only needful to push the button a little downwards
in order to bring the wick again to its old position. If it is desired to extin-
guish the lamp the slide together with the wick is pushed down by means of
the button J. Then the ratchet bar E is screwed down until the baffle G rests
upon the burner, and both parts are closely pressed together.
The further escape of gases which may still be produced is thereby prevented.
The lamp burns completely free from smell. Owing to the special form of
the baffle and its annular opening there is avoided also the humming noise
which occurs with many such lamps. Any smoking of the lamp is also im-
possible after it has once been regulated, because the wick can only be screwed to
the requisite height, its motion being limited by the striking of the button J
against the arm K. It is therefore possible to leave a lamp once properly
regulated in the hands of inexperienced persons without diminishing its effective-
ness thereby.
The combustion in and around the mantle is aided by the current of air
indicated by the arrow I which separates again into two divisions; the one
division passes through the inner wick guide tube, mixes with the petroleum
vapour, and creates the Bunsen flame, and the other which rises around the
outer wick tube passes to the Bunsen flame, escaping from the annular opening
of the baffle, and supplies the exact oxygen for complete combustion.
Another air current 11 regulated by a controlling device passes between the
mantle and the sides of the chimney.
The principal advantages of the above described lamp consist in that
the burner does not exceed in size the size of an ordinary lamp burner of the
larger sizes, that the same operates with smooth gas cylinders, and that when

page_text: once regulated it can be used by anyone. As it is impossible for it to smoke,
the lamp also burns without smell, moreover it burns without the disagreeable
humming noise which characterizes many such lamps.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
1. In a petroleum incandescence burner with inner and regulatable outer air
supply, the arrangement of the baffle serving at the same time as mixing
chamber in such a manner that the same is composed of an adjustable broad
ring, and of an adjustable slightly curved plate placed over the said ring,
leaving an annular aperture between the two, the wick guide being so connected
with the spindle supporting the aforesaid baffle, that it necessarily follows the
upward motion of the flame, but can only be moved down again by pressure
upon the special controlling bar projecting to the outside, said controlling bar
being adjustable, and serving in combination with a hooked arm to limit the
upward motion of the wick.
2. The improved incandescence petroleum burner, constructed and operating
substantially as described and shewn in the accompanying drawing.
Dated thin 10th low of Wh 1000
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.