Improvements in Machinery and Apparatus for Raising Nap upon Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in Machinery and Apparatus for Raising Nap upon
Textile Fabrics.
We, WILLIAM HAMPSON, trading as James Bentley & Co., Finisher, and EBENEZER
MARSHALL, Engineer, both of Gaythorn, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the.
following statement :-
This Invention relates to machinery and apparatus for raising nap upon textile
fabrics, and it has for its object to secure greater certainty regularity and rapidity
in operation.
The appended Drawings will enable these Improvements to be better understood
and carried into practical effect. In each of the figures thereon similar parts are
denoted by similar letters to which reference is hereinafter made.
Fig. 1, is a front view; Fig. 2, is an end view taken to the left of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 is a view of the opposite end of an apparatus in which our Improvements are
embodied.
A A are the frames which support the various parts of the apparatus; B B are
fast and loose pulleys; C is the first motion shaft; D is a bevel wheel on C; E is
a bevel pinion gearing with D; F is a vertical shaft on which the pinion E is
mounted; G G are bevel wheels keyed on shaft F; H H are two drawing
rollers which are caused to rotate at the same speeds by means of the pulleys J Ji
and the endless band K; L, L' are rollers covered with wire cards such as are
used in carding cotton; M M are bevel pinions fixed upon the ends of the
rollers L L and gearing with the bevel wheels G G¹; N N are bearing rollers the
ends of which are carried in blocks or bearings sliding in the openings in
the brackets P P; R R are screws working through nuts in the brackets P and
having chain wheels S fixed at their outer ends; TT are bearing rollers revolving
round fixed axes; U U are staves between which the cloth passes on its way to
the apparatus; V V are pitch chains each of which gears with all the chain
wheels S S in one group; W W is the crank connecting rod and lever for folding

page_text: the cloth as it is delivered from the machine. The pulley Z and the adjacent
gearing is that which is employed in existing apparatus for reversing the motion
of the raising rollers.
The bearing rollers T T which revolve on the fixed centres project beyond a
line drawn in front of all the card covered rollers. The bearing rollers N N
have their positions adjusted by means of the chains V the screws R and their
sliding bearings so that they may enter to a greater or less distance between
alternate card covered rollers which are geared so that contiguous rollers rotate
in opposite directions.
The cloth in passing through the apparatus is carried behind the adjustable
bearing rollers and in front of the bearing rollers having fixed centres. It follows
therefore that if the adjustable bearing rollers are forced inwards, the cloth behind
them will be caused to bear upon a larger arc of the card covered rollers, and if
they are withdrawn the contrary result will ensue. Further, the hand wheels and
adjusting screws having the same dimensions, the rollers are adjusted, by moving
the pitch chain, with complete accuracy and uniformity. By this means the desired
degree of finish is obtained by simple means with great certainty.
In the drawings the cloth. which is passing through the machine and having its
nap raised by the card covered rollers is indicated at X X.
The drawing roller H is driven from the vertical shaft F, the upper roller L and
by spur gearing Y, or it or the drawing roller H¹ may be driven by other suitable
gearing or devices. . These rollers having the same diameter and being constrained to
rotate at the same speed the strain upon the fabric is inconsiderable and it is therefore
not liable to be stretched.
We have described and illustrated our Invention with respect to two groups of four
raising rollers but it is evident that only one group may be employed, or that three or
even four groups may be combined in one machine. Each group also, may consist of
two or of six raising rollers instead of four.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
(1) The combination and arrangement of the parts and details constituting a
machine for raising nap upon textile fabrics, constructed and operated substantially as
hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
(2) In a machine for raising nap upon textile fabrics; the combination and arrange-
ment of adjustable bearing rollers, with sliding bearings, screws, chain wheels and a
pitch chain; substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the accom-
panying drawings.
(3) In a machine for raising nap upon textile fabrics: ; the combination and
arrangement of two drawing rollers HH, with devices such as pulleys and an endless
band, for rotating the rollers at equal surface speeds; substantially as herein before
described.
Dated this 22nd day of November A.D. 1887.