Improvements in or connected with Pipes and Pipe Joints.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Pipes and Pipe Joints.
I, JOHN HOLMES SUTTON, of Holywell House, Ashby de la Zouch, in the County
of Leicester, Manufacturer of Stoneware Sanitary Goods, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to improvements in or connected with pipes and pipe
joints, the object being to secure the true alignment of the jointed pipes, such as
socket pipes, bends, junctions, and the like, and also to cause the pipes to be
readily maintained in position while the joints are being made.
According to my invention instead of the exterior of the spigot end of the
pipe having an even or smooth surface, I provide thereon a number of raised or
projecting parts or ribs, preferably extending longitudinally in the direction of
the axis of the pipe, and the said ribs or projections are generally made equal
in dimensions to half of the difference between the external diameter of the spigot,
and the internal diameter of the socket, so that when the spigot end of one pipe
is placed inside the socket of the next pipe the interior surfaces of both pipes are
in a continuously true line, and the sewage, or other matter, liquid, or gas, is
enabled to pass without hindrance, the bores of the two pipes being eccentric. In
addition to this advantage the projecting parts maintain the spigot end in a
proper and central position within the socket and thereby enable the jointing
material (of whatever such may consist) to be inserted in a perfect manner, and.
with great ease and convenience.
I do not limit myself to the number, position, dimensions, or definite shape
of the projecting parts upon the spigot end, but particularly in the case of stone-
ware or earthenware pipes I have found it sufficient to provide two or three pro-
jections at distances apart upon the lower surface of the cylindrical end, when
the pipes are to be laid in or near a horizontal position. In some cases I do not
make the projections longitudinally continuous, but divided so that for example,
when it is necessary to pour liquid cement say through holes in the top of the
socket to make the joint, the cement may have a passage around the joint by the
divisions of the projecting parts.
Upon the exterior surface of the socket, and generally on the under side of
same, or upon the part which supports the weight of the pipe, I provide raised
parts of suitable number, shape, and dimensions, to serve the purpose of main-
taining the pipe in one position.
My invention is readily applicable to pipes of earthenware, stoneware, metal,
concrete, or of any other material, but when made say of stoneware or earthen-
ware, I have found that it is convenient to produce the raised surfaces in the form
of longitudinal ribs, and to cause such to extend the whole length of the pipe.
In effecting this I form spaces in the outside ring or die plate of the machine by
which the pipes are made in one continuous process, and neither in manufacture
or jointing does the efficiency entirely depend upon the skill or attention, of the
workman. I would however have it understood that I do not absolutely limit

page_text: myself to this particular mode of manufacture as the ribs or projections might
only be formed for the lengths, and at the parts required as first set forth.
Dated this 10th day of November 1897.
げ
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicant.
improvements in or connected with Pipes and Pipe Joints.
I, JOHN HOLMES SUTTON, of Holywell House, Ashby de la Zouch, in the County
of Leicester, Manufacturer of Stoneware Sanitary Goods, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention refers to improvements in or connected with pipes and pipe
joints, the object being to secure the true axial alignment of the jointed pipes, such
as socket pipes, bends,. junctions and the like, to, cause the pipes to be readily main-
tained in position while the joints are being made, and to enable the cement or
jointing material to be inserted at the end of the socket in a perfect manner and to
allow a caulking tool to be employed for packing the jointing material, if desired,
with great ease and convenience.
I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
whereon Fig. 1 shews in vertical longitudinal section, two pipes constructed and
jointed together according to my said invention. Fig. 2 is an inverted, plan. view
of one of the pipes, and Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section taken on the
line XY of Fig. 1.
-1
Similar letters of reference refer to like parts on the several, figures of the
drawings.
1
According to my invention, instead of the exterior of the spigot end of the
pipe having an even or smooth surface, I form thereon, at the extreme end of
the said spigot, a number of separated projections A; these projections. A which
are generally produced on the pipe during the course of manufacture,. I form of
less length than the interior depth of the socket into which the spigot end of the
pipe is to be inserted, while the said projections A are equal in height to half of
the difference between the external diameter of the spigot, and the internal
diameter of the socket.
The projections A may vary to some extent in number, and I have found 4 of
such to answer the purpose well when the pipes are laid horizontally, these being
formed with a clear space between each, and all located upon the lower half
circumference of the spigot end. When however the pipes are to be arranged in
or about a vertical position I may provide similar projections around the other part
of the circumference at the extreme end of the spigot.
The spigot end of a pipe provided with these projections A. I introduce into
the socket end of the next adjacent length of pipe, and the sockets I employ are
made with a plain interior surface, as is common with such pipes. When the
spigot end of a pipe made according to my invention is placed into the socket
of the next pipe, as is shewn at Fig. 1, the interior surfaces of both pipes are
brought into a continuously true line and the sewage, or other matter, liquid, or
gas is enabled to pass without hindrance, the bores of the two pipes being
concentric.
In addition to this advantage the projections A 'maintain the spigot end in a
proper and central position within the plain socket, and enable the jointing

page_text: material to be inserted in a perfect manner while, by reason of the said pro-
jections A, not extending to the mouth or entrance end of the said socket, the
jointing material B Fig. 1, can be inserted from such end, and effects a complete
closure; also a caulking tool can readily be used at the socket end for the 'insertion
of the jointing material if required or desired.
Upon the exterior surfaces of the socket and on the under side of same or
upon the part which supports the weight of the pipe, I provide raised external
projections C as shewn, extending in a longitudinal direction to serve the purpose
of maintaining the pipe in position upon its bedding or foundation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In jointing pipes, forming a series of external separated projections on the
extreme end of an otherwise plain spigot, in combination with a socket having
an ordinary plain circular interior surface, into which the spigot end of the
adjacent pipe is inserted, the projections of the spigot not extending to the ex-
ternal end of such socket, whereby the spigot is supported by the projections
centrally in the socket, while the jointing material may be inserted from the end
of the said socket, and form an uninterrupted ring, of packing at such end, sub-
stantially as described and shewn with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In pipes, the series of external separated projections, formed on the extreme
end of an otherwise plain spigot, the said projections being of less length than
the interior depth of the socket into which it is to be inserted, whereby the truc
alignment of the pipes is assured, and the effective insertion of the jointing
material maintained, in combination with the raised longitudinal external pro-
jections, formed upon that segmental part of the exterior surface of the socket
which supports the weight of the pipe, and the position or proper bedding of the
pipe secured, and maintained, substantially as described and shewn with reference
to the accompanying drawings.
3. In pipes the series of external separated projections formed on the extreme
end of a plane cylindrical spigot, the said projections being of less length than
the interior depth of the socket into which the end of the spigot is to be inserted,
in combination with a socket, having an ordinary plain circular interior surface
and projections upon the exterior surface of the socket, all substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
Dated thin 9041
1000
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for the Applicant.