Improvements in Looms or Apparatus for Manufacturing Chenille and other Fabrics.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 20th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1887
Improvements in Looms or Apparatus for Manufacturing Chenille
and other Fabrics.
We, ROBERT BOYD Junior, of 53 Cochrane Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, and EDMOND LEPAINTEUR, of Roubaix, France,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates to looms or apparatus of the same kinds or for the same
purposes as those described or referred to in the Provisional Specification relative to
the Application No. 15033 of 1886, by the present Applicants, and it comprises
further improvements or modifications of details.
In addition to the wires described as used for guiding the cutting disks, such disks
are by the present Invention, in some cases, also guided by one or more bars made
with grooves into which grooves the cutting disks partly enter. The fabric is held
up against the cutting strain by a bar under it and just behind the cutting disks and
for very fine chenille, with the cutting disks very near together this sustaining bar is
made without grooves; but for wider chenille with the cutting disks further apart the
sustaining bar may be made broader and have grooves formed in its front parts, so
that its parts between the grooves may extend in between the cutting disks. In some
cases a bar may be placed above the fabric to keep it down and this upper bar may be
a plain bar or it may be made with grooves to guide the cutting disks above the
fabric, either in addition to or instead of the grooved bar beneath the fabric.
the chenille is wide or coarse and the cutting disks are guided by one or more grooved
bars, the guiding wires may in some cases be dispensed with, especially when the
chenille is of a kind or quality not requiring to be cut with extreme accuracy. The
wires must also be absent when the chenille is required to be cut in a "fancy" manner,
that is in undulating lines or otherwise with the chenille pile of varying lengths, so as
to make the finished chenille of different thicknesses at different parts. When the
cutting disks are movable on the shaft carrying and turning them they may be
moved so as to cut in the "fancy manner by means of the grooved bar or bars to
"
When

page_text: which movements from side to side must be given by suitable mechanism. For some
modes of cutting, the grooved bars are compounded or made in duplicate, one bar
being made with projecting grooved or guiding parts for the odd-numbered cutting
disks, and the other bar having projecting grooved or guiding parts for the even-
numbered cutting disks, the two bars being moved in opposite directions.
In many
cases it will be advantageous to have shallow grooves or depressions formed in the
top surface of the sustaining bar between the grooves for the cutting disks for the
purpose of guiding the backbones of the chenille, that is the parts where the chenille
wefts are interwoven with the warp threads; and when provision is made, as herein-
before described for moving the cutting disks transversely to produce "fancy cut"
chenille, the grooves for guiding the backbones must be in a separate stationary bar.
Grooves for the backbones may be made in an upper bar instead of an under one or
they may be made in both under and upper bars. Or pairs of pins may be fixed in
either an under or upper bar for guiding the backbones these pins being placed a
little forward of the position where the chenille is cut and each backbone with its
chenille pile passing between the pins of a pair.
The improved cutting apparatus is obviously equally applicable whether the cutting
operation is effected in the loom in which the chenille is woven or upon a separate
framing.
In the earlier Specification hereinbefore referred to mention is made of a shuttle
box arranged to be shifted by the action of a spring. This spring has to be wound up
as the weaving progresses; and whereas the force for winding it up was formerly
taken from the loom, it is by the present Invention applied separately by a belt from
an overhead or other power shaft, by which arrangement an irregularity in the power
communicated to the main parts of the loom is avoided. In a similar way the shaft
carrying and driving the cutting disks may with advantage be driven by an
additional independent belt from the overhead or other power shaft.
Dated this Twenty fourth day of January 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms or Apparatus for Manufacturing Chenille
and other Fabrics.
We, ROBERT BOYD, Junior, of 53 Cochrane Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, and EDMOND LEPAINTEUR, of Roubaix, France,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to looms or apparatus of the same kinds or for the same
purposes as those described or referred to in our Patent Specification No. 15033 of
1886, and it comprises further improvements or modifications of details, which will
be easily understood with the aid of a sheet of explanatory drawings which is
hereunto appended.
In addition to the wires described in our said earlier Specification, for guiding the
cutter disks, such disks are by the present Invention, in some cases, also guided by
one or more bars made with grooves into which grooves the cutting disks partly
enter. The fabric is held up against the cutting strain by a bar under it and just
behind the cutting disks; and for very fine chenille, with the cutting disks very near
together this sustaining bar is made without grooves; but for wider chenille with the
cutting disks further apart the sustaining bar may be made broader and have grooves
formed in its front parts, so that its parts between the grooves may extend in between
the cutting disks. It is at the same time to be understood that the sustaining bar
may be a separate bar from the bar formed with grooves for guiding the cutting
disks.
Figure, 1, is a vertical section parallel to the warps, and showing the cutter shaft, S,
one of the cutting disks, D, and a bar, B, which is made to serve the two purposes of
sustaining the chenille fabric by its after part, and of guiding the cutting disks, by its
front part in which grooves or saw-cuts, G, are formed. Figure, 2, is a plan of a
of the bar, B, figure, 3, being a corresponding back elevation and figure, 4, a
corresponding front elevation. Shallow funnel-like grooves, A, are formed in the
surface of the bar, B, to guide the chenille fabric on its way to the cutting disks, D,
these grooves being made with deeper middle parts to guide the chenille back bones,
that is the parts where the chenille wefts are interwoven with the warp threads.
part
In some cases a bar may be placed above the fabric, as indicated by dotted lines,
at C, in figure, 1, to keep the fabric down; and this upper bar may be a plain bar or it
may be made with grooves to guide the cutting disks, D, above the fabric, either in
addition to or instead of the grooved bar, B, beneath the fabric. The shallow

page_text: grooves, A, for guiding the chenille fabric may be made in the upper, bar, C, instead
of the lower bar, B, or they may be made in both bars.
When the chenille is wide or coarse and the cutting disks, D, are guided by one or
more grooved bars, the guiding wires may in some cases be dispensed with, especially
when the chenille is of a kind or quality not requiring to be cut with extreme
accuracy. The wires must also be absent when the chenille is required to be cut in a
fancy" manner, that is in undulating lines or otherwise, with the chenille pile of
varying lengths, as indicated in the diagrams, figures, 6 to 9, so as to make the
finished chenille of different thicknesses at different parts.
2:
The cutting disks, D, are moved transversely when the chenille is to be cut in lines
which undulate or otherwise deviate from straight lines; and the transverse movement
is imparted to the shaft, S, when the disks, D, are fixed on it, but when they are not
fixed on the shaft, the transverse movement may be given to them by means of the
grooved guide bar or bars. In such cases the bar, H, with guide grooves, G, in it,
inust be separate from the bar, J, for sustaining the chenille fabric as it is approaching
the cutting disks, D. For some purposes the guide grooves, G, are advantageously
made in projecting parts formed on the bar, H, as shown in figure, 5. A single
transversely movable grooved bar, H, may be used for cutting the chenille in the
manner indicated by the undulating lines in figure, 6; but when symmetrical forms
such as are shown in figures. 7, 8, and 9, are to be cut, there must be two bars, H,
with guide grooves, G, for the disks, one bar having projecting grooved parts for the
odd-numbered disks, and the other having projecting grooved parts for the even-
numbered disks. The two bars are to be moved in opposite directions by suitably
shaped cams or other pattern mechanism.
The improved cutting apparatus hereinbefore described is obviously equally
applicable whether the cutting operation is effected in the loom in which the chenille
fabric is woven or upon a separate framing.
In the earlier Specification hereinbefore referred to, mention is made of a shuttle
box arranged to be shifted by the action of a spring. This spring has to be wound up
as the weaving progresses; and whereas the force for winding it up was formerly
taken from the loom, it is by the present Invention applied separately by a belt from
an overhead or other power shaft, by which arrangement an irregularity in the power
communicated to the main parts of the loom is avoided. Figure, 10, shows as much
of the shuttle box turning mechanism referred to as will suffice for explaining the
present improvement. A pulley, K, driven by a belt, L, from any convenient power
shaft, is mounted loosely on the shaft, M, by means of which the shuttle box is turned,
and this pulley, K, has on one side of it a clutch, N, with which there engages
another clutch, i, at the times when the spring requires winding up as explained in
the earlier Specification.
In a similar way the shaft, S, carrying and driving the cutting disks, D, may with
advantage be driven by a belt from an overhead or other convenient power shaft
instead of being driven by a belt from a part of the loom itself as described in the
earlier Specification hereinbefore referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :—
1-Employing bars with grooves for guiding the cutting disks alone or in combina-
tion with guide wires substantially as herein before described.
2-Employing a lower bar for sustaining the chenille fabric close to the points
where the cutting disks act on the fabric, such bar being made with or without
shallow guide grooves substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
3-Employing an upper bar alone or in combination with a lower bar and with or
without shallow guide grooves for guiding the chenille fabric close to the points where
the cutting disks act substantially as herein before described.
4-Cutting the chenille fabric in lines which undulate or otherwise deviate from
straight lines by disks made to move transversely by means of one or more bars having

page_text: grooves to guide the disks, or by means of the shaft, the guide bars or shaft being
moved by cams or other pattern mechanism substantially as herein before described.
5-Winding up the spring by means of which the rotatory shuttle box is turned by
means of pulleys and a separate belt acting directly from an overhead or other power
shaft substantially as hereinbefore described.
6-Driving the cutting disks by means of pulleys and a separate belt acting
directly from an overhead or other power shaft substantially as herein before
described.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.

page_text: G