Improvements in and relating to Steam-injectors for Feeding Water to Steam-boilers and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
עגגע
Improvements in and relating to Steam-injectors for Feeding Water
to Steam-boilers and the like.
I, FRANCIS STICKER, residing at Number 59, East 84th Street, in the City of
New York, in the County of New York, State of New York, United States of
America, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention contemplates certain new and useful improvements in steam-
injectors, having reference to the class known as 'double-jet," or lifting and
forcing injectors.
It is well known that in this class of injectors the surplus steam of the forcer,
being greater than the force of steam supplied the lifter, will enter the discharge-
chamber and have decided tendency to exert a back-pressure upon the lifter and
thus drive the steam back from the discharge-chamber into the combining-tube
of the lifter and then into the suction-pipe, as there is not, ordinarily, any other
outlet. By providing for immediate entrance to the atmosphere of the overflow
of the lifter, resistance on the part of the overflow of the forcer is avoided, and
the prompt starting of the injector is insured. This is the primary object of the
invention.
Some injectors heretofore constructed have sought to overcome this back-
pressure of the surplus steam of the forcer against the pressure of the lifter by
providing an overflow above the forcer so that the surplus steam thereof will have
an outlet into the atmosphere. This surplus upon entering the discharge-chamber
naturally expands and fills the whole chamber before escaping to the atmosphere.
The opening for this steam has to be very large to afford free outlet to avoid back-
pressure upon the lifter. Having disposed of the surplus steam of the forcer it
is necessary to form a free outlet to the atmosphere for the lifter in order that the
apparatus may be started by lifting water.
Injectors as heretofore constructed are based on the theory that as the overflow
located above the forcer will empty the discharge-chamber of all surplus steam
of the forcer, that of the lifier will have free passage through the same overflow,
when the opening is only large enough in area to carry the surplus steam from
the forcing side and the steam from the lifter into the atmosphere.
The steam from the lifter having to pass through the expanded
steam of the forcer will be prevented from having direct or im-
mediate communication with the atmosphere. This naturally takes con-
siderable time and greatly retards the starting and working of the injector.
I overcome all this difficulty by providing a direct outlet to the atmosphere for
the overflow of the lifter, such outlet being in line with the latter.
In some
instances a valve is fitted over the steam-tube of the forcer, so that, in starting,
steam will be admitted only to the lifter and in another, preferred, form, the forcer
and lifter have their steam-tubes leading from a common steam-chamber and a

page_text: wall located in the discharge-chamber has a small opening therein in line between
the lifter and overflow outlet. This wall extends up to near the top of the casing.
When water is lifted it will choke the opening in the wall. This will cut off the
direct escape to the auxiliary overflow and will cause the water to rise and find
an escape to the overflow over the top of the wall. Thus it will be seen that I
provide a third overflow, being supplemental to the overflow of the lifter and yet
After the water is lifted
dependent upon the auxiliary overflow for its outlet.
and the cock partly turned, first, the overflow of the lifter will be tightly closed,
and then the overflow of the forcer, preventing any air from being drawn in after
the column is once established.
A further object of the invention is to successfully operate a double-jet apparatus
by a single cock, which will control the overflow and the passage of the column
of steam and water to the boiler, which can be turned either to the right or the
left.
The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth and particularly pointed out
in the claims.
:-
In the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1 is a view in side elevation. Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal
sectional view. Figure 3 is a sectional view showing the position occupied by the
cock in starting the injector. Figure 4 is a similar view showing the position of
the cock when water has been lifted. Figure 5 is a like view showing the
position of the cock when the injector is feeding to the boiler. Figure 6 shows
different views of the cock, detached. Figure 7 is a modification.
Referring to the drawing, A designates the casing or casting; a the steam-
inlet; a¹ the steam-chamber; a2 the water-inlet; a³ the boiler-outlet; and at the
overflow opening. The forcer B comprises the steam-tube b; the combining-
tube b, and the delivery-tube 62, preferably integral with the combining-tube,
and screwed, or otherwise secured in a wall 63, in line with the outlet to the boiler.
The smallest cross-sectional area of the bore of steam-tube b is greater than the
smallest cross-sectional arca of delivery-tube 62.
The lifter C embraces the steam-tube d, combining-tube d¹ and delivery-tube d²,
the bore of these latter tubes being greater than the bore of the steam-tube d.
The opposed ends of tubes d, d, are located in the water-chamber d³, while the
delivery-tube d opens into the discharge-chamber D, in which are located the
opposed ends of tubes b, b¹.
Within chamber D, extending transversely therein to near the top thereof,
is a wall E, which serves to form an overflow opening e. Through an upper
opening in this wall extends the delivery-tube of the forcer: In the lower
end of this wall, in line with the delivery-tube of the lifter, is formed one,
or more, small holes or an opening e¹, opposite to which in wall b³ is the lower
or auxiliary overflow opening e².
E is the single cock by which the operation of the injector is controlled. The
body of the cock is rounded and tapered, and fits in a perpendicular opening in
the body of the casing, its lower end extending into the opening at. To a rod f¹
is secured the operating handle f. The body is hollow, forming a chamber f³,
and in one side are upper and lower ports f¼, f³, the former being designed to
register with the delivery-tube of the forcer to receive the primary overflow
occurring at that point in starting the injector, and the latter to receive the
auxiliary overflow through the lower opening e². A transverse port F, when the
cock is turned so as to cut off both overflows, opens up communication between
the delivery-tube of the forcer and the boiler-outlet a³. But until this occurs,
the solid wall of the body of the cock closes said boiler-outlet, serving in lieu of
a check-valve to prevent back-pressure. The cock may be turned in either
direction.
In practice, when steam is admitted simultaneously to both the lifter and forcer,
the spill occurring between the steam-inlet- and combining-tubes of the forcer
will ordinarily fill up the chamber D and tend to retard the progress of steam and

page_text: water from the lifter, thereby preventing the same from reaching the ordinary
overflow, as heretofore provided. But, in the present instance, the overflow from
the lifter has direct communication with the atmosphere through the small
opening e, thence through the lower port fo of the cock, and then out through the
latter. Thus the spill of the forcer within the chamber D will not interfere with
the immediate lifting of water. The overflow of the forcer, occurring at the end
of the delivery-tube thereof, will pass through port f of the cock and down through
the latter to the outside atmosphere. As soon as the overflow steam of the lifter
reaches the outside atmosphere, which is instantaneous, there being no pressure
to overcome, save atmospheric, a vacuum is created in water-chamber d³, effecting
the lifting of water thereinto and upon condensing the steam and passing through
the tube into the discharge-chamber D, will choke the outlet through wall E
and rising in chamber will pass over said wall to the overflow. But this is
only momentary, since the water upon rising and enclosing the tubes of the
forcer will effect an immediate condensation of the steam and establish the
column of steam and water in the forcer. As this is occurring, the operator partly
turns the cock, cutting off the auxiliary overflow, (see Figure 4) and then upon
further turning said cock, the primary overflow is closed, and communication
between the forcer and boiler-outlet is established through port F. Until the
cock is turned to permit of the passage of the column to the boiler-outlet, the
latter is cut off by the said cock.
The area of the bore of the delivery-tube of the forcer being smaller than the
area of the steam-tube, all the steam will not be able to pass through it and
a portion will issue at the mouth of the combining-tube, expand in chamber D
and find an outlet into overflow chamber e and from there to the atmosphere.
In this way no back-pressure is exerted on the lifter. By providing the direct
outlet for the initiatory steam of the lifter through the small opening in line with
the delivery-tube thereof, I avoid contact with the surplus steam from the forcer,
and instantly water will appear. This relief opening being too small to allow all
the water to pass through the same will flood the body rapidly and condense all
steam in its way. This condensation will take place even with high pressure,
as the water rises suddenly, giving the velocity of the steam no chance to drive
the water away from the mouth of the combining-tube of the forcer.
In this way I am enabled to obtain quick and certain starting with the use of
a single, strongly-guided cock, under the direct control of the operator, avoiding
the use of all valves for varying steam-pressures. In Figure 7 I have shown a
slight modification, reserving, however, all the advantages of the single cock
for controlling the operation of the injector, and insuring an immediate outlet for
the auxiliary overflow in starting the apparatus. In this form, a valve G is
employed for controlling the admission of steam to the forcer. It fits against the
steam-tube a of the latter, and is controlled by a rod g. The intermediate wall
in the discharge-chamber gl is not employed, the auxiliary overflow being direct
to the lower port of the cock. In this form steam is not admitted to the forcer
until water has been lifted by the lifter, whereupon the cock is gradually turned
simultaneous with the admission of steam to the forcer by the unseating of valve G.
After the column is fully established, the cock is further turned, closing the
overflow through the upper port, and the column will then pass through the trans-
verse port F to the boiler-outlet.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is—
1. A lifting and forcing injector having an auxiliary overflow in line with the
lifter, a primary overflow for the forcer, and a third or supplemental overflow for
the lifter, and means for positively closing said overflows as the column of steam
and water is established, substantially as set forth.
2. A lifting and forcing injector having an auxiliary overflow in line with the

page_text: lifter, a primary overflow for the forcer, and a third or supplemental overflow for
the fifter, and means for first closing said auxiliary and supplemental overflows,
and then said primary overflow as the column of steam and water is established,
as set forth.
3. A lifting and forcing injector having an auxiliary overflow in line with the
lifter, a primary overflow for the forcer, and a boiler-outlet, and means for first
closing said auxiliary overflow, and then said primary overflow, and then opening
up communication between said forcer and boiler-outlet, the latter being closed
while the overflows are open, as set forth.
4. A lifting and forcing injector having an auxiliary overflow in line with the
lifter, a primary overflow for the forcer, and a third or supplemental overflow for
the lifter, and a hollow cock for first closing said auxiliary and supplemental
overflows, and then said primary overflow as the column of steam and water is
established, substantially as set forth.
5. A lifting and forcing injector having an auxiliary overflow in line with the
lifter, a primary overflow for the forcer and a boiler-outlet in line with said
forcer, and a hollow cock open at one end and having separate ports, designed to
register with said overflows and having a transverse port for connecting said forcer
with said boiler-outlet after said overflows have been closed, substantially as set
forth.
6. A lifting and forcing injector having a primary overflow for the forcer,
and an auxiliary overflow for the lifter, a wall in the discharge-chamber
formed with an opening in line with the lifter and auxiliary overflow, and
means for positively closing said overflows, substantially as set forth.
7. A lifting and forcing injector having a primary overflow for the forcer,
in the discharge-chamber
and an auxiliary overflow for the lifter, a wall
extending to near the top thereof and having an opening in line with the lifter
and auxiliary overflow, and means for positively closing said overflows, substantially
as set forth.
8. A lifting and forcing injector having a primary overflow for the forcer,
and an auxiliary overflow for the lifter, a wall in the discharge-chamber
formed with an opening in line with the lifter and auxiliary overflow, and a
cock having ports designed to register with said overflows and also designed to
control the passage of the column of steam and water after said overflows are
closed, substantially as set forth.
9. A lifting and forcing injector having a steam chamber common to both
the lifter and forcer, a primary overflow for the latter, an auxiliary overflow for
the lifter, in direct line therewith, and a supplemental overflow for said lifter,
and a hollow cock having ports designed to register with said primary and auxiliary
overflows, whereby in starting the injector the said primary and auxiliary
overflows will have only atmospheric pressure to overcome, the initial overflow from
the lifter reaching the atmosphere independent of the overflow of the forcer,
substantially as set forth.
10. A lifting and forcing injector having a steam chamber common to both
the lifter and forcer, a primary overflow for the latter, and an auxiliary overflow
for the lifter, in direct line therewith, a wall in the discharge-chamber having
an opening therein in line with said lifter and the auxiliary overflow, and a hollow
cock having ports designed to register with said overflows, whereby in starting
the injector the overflows will have only atmospheric pressure to overcome, the
overflow from the lifter reaching the atmosphere independent of the overflow of
the forcer, substantially as set forth.
11. A lifting and forcing injector having a steam chamber common to both
the lifter and forcer, a boiler-outlet, primary and auxiliary overflows for said forcer
and lifter, respectively, a wall intermediate of said lifter and auxiliary overflow
having an opening therein, and a hollow cock open at one end and having separate
ports for said overflows and a transverse port designed to connect said forcer with
said boiler-outlet, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 12. A lifting and forcing injector having primary and auxiliary overflows
direct to the atmosphere in starting the injector, a wall in the discharge-chamber
extending to near the top thereof and forming a support for the combining-tube
of the forcer, said wall having an opening in its lower portion in line with said
lifter and auxiliary overflow, and a hollow cock having separate ports for said
overflows, substantially as set forth.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.