IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- PACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF SOAD
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Gossage, of Widnes, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF SOAD"
Sealed the 27th February 1857, and dated the 9th September 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Gossage at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
September 1856.
I, WILLIAM GOSSAGE, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF SOAP," to be as follows:-
My Invention applies to the production of those kinds of soap which are
or may be manufactured by combining certain compounds obtained by the
union of silica with soda or potash, with true soaps, which are prepared by
the combination of alkali with tallow, resin, oil, or other such substances.
In the Specifications of three several Letters Patent granted to me for my
Inventions connected with the manufacture of soap, the first of which Letters
Patent bears date on or about the 3rd of April, 1854, the second bears
date on or about the 3rd of August, 1854, and the third bears date on or
about the 23rd of April, 1855, I have described certain methods by which I
caused compounds of silica with soda or potash to become combined with

page_text: soaps produced by the union of oily, fatty, or resinous matters with alkali.
In the experience which I have acquired by following up my said Inventions,
I have found it desirable to reduce the proportionate quantity of soda or of
potash contained in the compound of silica which I employ, or contained in
the soap so manufactured, and thereby to produce a compound soap of a
milder quality than those compound soaps in which the proportionate quantity
of soda or potash has not been so reduced. I effect this object of my Invention
by the use of suitable acids, such as carbonic acid, sulphuric acid, or muriatic
acid, and I prefer to add the acid which I employ to the compound soap
after the same has been prepared by the union of the compound of silica with
soda or potash with the true soap employed, and I thereby cause the acid
employed to become combined with a portion of the soda or potash contained
in the compound soap.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Gossage in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
GoSSAGE, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Gossage, Her special license that I, the said William Gossage, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Gossage, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF SOAP," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Gossage, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Gossage, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My Invention applies to the production of those kinds of soap which are
or may be manufactured by combining certain compounds (obtained by the
union of silica with soda or potash) with true soaps, which are prepared by
the combination of alkali with tallow, resin, oil, or other such substances.
In the Specifications which have been duly filed in pursuance of the
conditions of three several Letters Patent granted to me for my Inventions
connected with the manufacture of soap, (the first of which Letters Patent
bears date on or about the Third day of April, 1854, the second bears date
on or about the Third day of August, 1854, and the third bears date on or
about the Twenty-third day of April, 1855,) I have described certain methods
by which I caused compounds of silica with soda or potash to become com-
bined with soaps produced by the union of oily, fatty, or resinous matters
with alkali. In the experience which I have acquired by following up my
said Inventions, I have found it desirable to reduce the proportionate quantity
of free soda or potash contained in the compound of silica which I employ,
or contained in the soap so manufactured, and thereby to produce a compound
soap of a milder quality than those compound soaps in which the proportionate
quantity of free soda or potash has not been so reduced.
I effect this object of my Invention by the use of suitable acids, such as
carbonic acid, sulphurous acid, sulphuric acid, or muriatic acid; and I prefer
to add the acid (which I employ) to the compound soap after the same has
been prepared by the union of the compound of silica with soda or potash
with the true soap employed, and I thereby cause the acid employed to become
combined with a portion of the soda or potash contained in the compound
soap. I also reduce the proportionate quantity of free soda or potash contained
in the compound of silica with soda or potash (which I am about to use for
combining with true soap), previously to such compound being added to or
mixed with true soap. I effect such reduction by the use of some of the acids
herein-before mentioned.
I will describe the manner in which I prefer to effect my Invention as
applied to that kind of soap which is produced by "close boiling without
separation of lyes," and with which silicate of soda or potash has been
previously combined. (This method of production is particularly described
in the Specification of my Invention for improvements in the manufacture of

page_text: certain kinds of soap, for which I obtained Letters Patent, bearing date on
or about the Twenty-third day of April, 1855.)
Having prepared a boiling of such kind of soap, I add thereto a sufficient
quantity of diluted sulphuric or muriatic acid to neutralize the greater part
of the free soda or potash contained therein. I make such addition very
gradually, and cause the same to become mixed with the compound soap by
carefully crutching the same together, and I continue such additions of acid
until I find that the free alkali previously contained in such compound soap
has become sufficiently neutralized.
When I use carbonic acid or sulphurous acid, I employ such acid in the
gaseous state.
I obtain carbonic acid gas by the combustion of coke, or by
other well-known means, and sulphurous acid gas by the combustion of sulphur
or by other well-known means.
I provide an air pump, by the use of which I cause the acid gas (which
I employ) to be injected into a boiling of compound soap, prepared as herein-
before mentioned; and by the use of a perforated pipe connected with the
air
pump and inserted in such soap, I cause the gas to be distributed therein
in minute streams. I continue the injection of gas until I find that the
compound soap has become sufficiently deprived of free alkali.
When I use liquid sulphuric or muriatic acid for neutralizing free alkali
contained in silicate of soda or potash, preparatory to such silicate being used
for the production of compound soap, I add such acid in a diluted state to
a solution of silicate of soda or of potash, until nearly the whole of the free
alkali previously contained in such solution has become neutralized. I agitate
the solution of silicate during such addition of acid. When I use gaseous
carbonic acid or sulphurous acid for neutralizing free alkali contained in
silicate of soda or potash, preparatory to such silicate being used for the
production of compound soap, I cause the acid gas employed to be injected
into such silicate of soda or of potash in the manner herein-before described
for the injection of such gas into compound soap; and I continue such
injection until I find that nearly the whole of the free alkali previously con-
tained in such solution has become neutralized. I employ such neutralized
silicate for the production of compound soaps, in the manner I have described
for the production of compound soaps by the use of ordinary silicates in the
Specifications of my Inventions relating to soap, herein before referred to.
I claim as my Invention, secured to me by the said Letters Patent, bearing
date the Ninth day of September, 1856, and herein-before partly recited,
the production of compound soaps containing silicate of soda or of potash, in

page_text: which the proportionate quantity of free soda or potash previously contained
in the silicate employed, or previously contained in such compound soap, has
become reduced by the use of acids herein-before mentioned, or by the use
of some of such acids.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh
day of March, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
WILLIAM (L.S.) GOSSAGE.