IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS, BLANKS FOR SCREW BOLTS AND SCREW NUTS, AND HEADED METALLIC RODS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Charles Stiff, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Merchant and Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS, BLANKS FOR SCREW BOLTS
AND SCREW NUTS, AND HEADED METALLIC RODS FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
Sealed the 16th May 1879, and dated the 26th November 1878,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Charles Stiff at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th November 1878.
WILLIAM CHARLES STIFF, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Merchant
and Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFActure of
RIVETS, BLANKS FOR SCREW BOLTS AND SCREW NUTS, AND HEADED METALLIC RODS
FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES."
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in machinery
for manufacturing rivets, blanks for screw bolts and screw nuts, and headed
metallic rods for various purposes.
I will first describe my Invention as applied to the manufacture of blanks for
screw bolts and other headed rods.
I arrange in the same horizontal axial line two hydraulic cylinders, the open
ends of the said cylinders being turned towards each other, and at a distance apart
dependent on the length of stroke which the rams or plungers of the cylinders
require to have. Between the said cylinders is a strong cross head connected to the
rams of the cylinders. This cross head may be made in two halves or parts bolted
together, and each of the said halves may be made in one piece with the ram with
which it is connected. The opposed ends of the hydraulic cylinders are provided
...

page_text: with strong broad elliptical flanges, and the cross head has a diameter equal to the
longer diameter of the flanged ends of the hydraulic cylinders.
At two opposite points in the cross head, or at four or other even number of
points, arranged in pairs in the said cross head, are cylindrical cavities, the axes of
which are parallel to the axis of the hydraulic cylinders. For convenience
of description I will describe only one of the cavities and parts connected therewith,
all the cavities and appliances being alike. In the cylindrical cavity is a piston
working loosely in it; the said piston has a piston rod on each side, which piston
rods work in cylindrical holes passing from the faces of the cross head to the said
cavities. These piston rods are of the same length as the screw bolts to be headed.
In that part of the face of the cross head where the piston rod hole terminates a
cylindrical recess is made of considerably larger diameter than the said hole. In
this recess a flanged steel or iron bush or bolster is fitted through which the piston
rod works. The flange of this bolster is of considerably larger diameter than the
head to be formed on the rod to be operated upon.
In the opposed faces of the flanges of the bydraulic cylinders are recesses equal
in number and opposite to the recesses in the cross head. The recesses in the
flanges hold tools of a size and shape proper to form the head of the bolt to be
made: Near each tool is a forked support for supporting and guiding the end of
the rod operated upon into the tool. These supports are not fixed but are capable
of retiring after they have guided the end of the rod into the heading tool.
The machine is double acting, a bolt being headed as the cross head approaches
each of the flanged ends of the hydraulic cylinders.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The cylindrical rod to bo headed is
heated to redness at that end on which the head is to be made. The cold end of
the rod is inserted in the cylindrical hole in the cross head, its heated end being
supported by the forked support opposite the heading tool in the face of the flange
of one of the hydraulic cylinders. Water under pressure being introduced into the
other hydraulic cylinder, the pistons and cross head advance. When the cross
head has arrived within a short distance of the heading tool the piston in the
cavity in the cross head, which up to this point had remained at rest, is urged
forward by the end of the cavity in which it works having been brought up to the
piston. The said piston now travels with the cross head, and the end of the piston
rod pushes forward the bolt, the whole of which except the heated end is encased
and supported by the bolster which has advanced upon it. The heated end
entering the heading tool the forked support moves out of the way, and the heated
end of the bolt by the further advance of the cross head is compressed between the
heading tool and the flange of the bolster, and the head is thereby formed on the
bolt.
The motion of the rams and cross head being reversed, a second bolt is headed in
a similar way on the other side of the cross head. As the cross head retires the
piston in its cavity remains stationary, and the headed bolt is forced out of the
boltster.
The cross head may be made capable of being turned through a sufficient angle
to bring the bolster in which the bolt to be beaded is inserted clear of the elliptical
flange of the cylinder. The bolt can thus be readily introduced into the bolster by
the workman, and the cross head returns to its normal position, bringing the
bolster and bolt opposite the heading tool. This arrangement is specially applicable
to the heading of long bolts. Or where long bolts are to be headed the heading
tool may be placed in the cross head, and the bolt in the flange of the hydraulic
cylinder.
I prefer so to work the machine that two bolts are being simultaneously headed
at opposite points on the same side of the machine; or two or more pairs of bolts
may be simultaneously headed in the same side of the machine.
By a change of tools the machine may be employed to force the bolts before
heading through dies to correct the elliptical figure, which bolts cut from ordinary
rod iron have and give the rod a cylindrical figure..
n

page_text: In modifying the machinery to adapt it to manufacture blanks for screw nuts,
I have fixed to the face of the flange of the cylinder a tool having the figure of the
nut to be made together with an axial hole passing through the flange. On the
cross head a concave cutting tool is fixed, the said cutting tool having the figure of
the nut to be made, and having a central punch for forming the hole in the nut.
A tipper or tool for forcing the nut out of the die works on either side the central
punch, and is connected to the small piston in the cavity in the cross head. The
bar from which the nuts are to be cut is supported in front of the die on the flange
of the cylinder. The cross head advancing the hollow tool, it carries, cuts out, and
perforates the nut against the tool on the flange of the cylinder, the nut formed
being forced out of the concave tool by the tipper on the return motion of the cross
head.
Instead of working the machine by water under pressure, steam may be