CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-EXTRACTORS' OR CENTRIFUGAL DRYING MACHINES, AND IN THE METHOD OF LUBRICATING THEIR BEARINGS, WHICH METHOD IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER BEARINGS WHERE LUBRICATION IS REQUIRED
Year: 1858

page_text: ''
LETTERS PATENT to Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele, both of
Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-EXTRACTORS' OR CENTRIFUGAL DRYING
MACHINES, AND IN THE METHOD OF LUBRICATING THEIR BEARINGS, WHICH
METHOD IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER BEARINGS WHERE LUBRICATION IS
REQUIRED"
Sealed the 28th January 1859, and dated the 30th July 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christian Schiele and
Frederick Schiele at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th July 1858.
We, CHRISTIAN SCHIEL and FREDERICK SCHIELE, both of Oldham, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-EXTRACTORS' OR CENTRIFUGAL
DRYING MACHINES, AND IN THE METHOD OF LUBRICATING THEIR BEARINGS, WHICH
METHOD IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER BEARINGS WHERE LUBRICATION IS REQUIRED,"
'to be as follows:-
We take a wire gauze cylinder of the usual construction and of a com-
paratively small diameter. We employ an archimedean screw or worm inside
the cylinder, which, in revolving turns the wire gauze, as spokes would turn a
wheel, with this difference that the wire gauze may be retarded somewhat by
the feed of the material to be operated upon, or by a break, so as to have a
less number of revolutions than the worm, by which means the material (for
instance the sugar liquor) is propelled from one side to the other continuously,
77

page_text: if it is continuously supplied at the other end. We prefer working the
cylinder in a horizontal position. We further employ discs comparatively
heavy to steady the rapid motion of the cylinder, and to counteract the
vibrations which result from the charge varying in its distribution on the wire
gauze. The continuous and rapid turning required for this apparatus makes
a continuous lubrication of importance; to obtain this we employ tooth, worm,
or other gearing to secure the turning of a wheel which brings up the oil to
the surfaces, to be regulated from a reservoir below. We prefer a worm being
cut into the spindle in the middle of the bearing or on its ends, gearing into
the lubricating wheel. This worm is to be so cut that its screwing action
tends to forward the oil to that end of the bearing which is more difficult to
supply; this can also be furthered by an oblique groove in the top bearings.
The ends of the spindle bearings we arrange in mosh cases so as to return the
oil to the reservoir below by known methods. The motion of the lubricating
wheel we employ if there is occasion for it, as, for instance, to the regulation
of the feed for the material to the extractors, whereby perfect lubrication
of the gearing is secured. Instead of cutting a worm in the spindle, a ring
inay be laid on it with a worm cut in, or a spiral worm may be laid tight
round the spindle. In planing machines (for instance) to lubricate the
"vees," a rack and wheel may be employed, and a pinion and wheel in other
spindles; level wheels as well as worm wheels may be used also in the case
of lubricating upright shafts or spindles, &c.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 29th January 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHRISTIAN
SOBIELE and FREDERICK SCHIELE, both of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele, Her special license that we, the
said Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and

page_text: no others, from time to time and atall times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-EXTRACTORS' OR
CENTRIFUGAL DRYING MACHINES, AND IN THE METHOD OF LUBRICATING THEIR
BEARINGS, WHICH METHOD IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER BEARINGS WHERE LUBRI
CATION IS REQUIRED," upon the conditions, amongst others, that we, the said
Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele, or one of us, by an instrument in
writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what mauner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar mouths next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (and accompanying Drawings), that is to say:-
We employ a wire chamber of the usual construction of wire gauze, and
of a comparatively small diameter. We employ an archimedean screw or worm
inside this chamber, which in revolving turns the wire gauze by the friction
of contact, and is so arranged that the wire gauze chamber may be retarded
somewhat by the feed of the material to be operated upon, or by a break, so as
to have a less number of revolutions than the worm, which means the
material (for instance the sugar liquor) is propelled from one side to the other
continuously, if it be continuously supplied at the other end.
We prefer
working the chamber in a horizontal position. We further employ discs
comparatively heavy to steady the rapid motion of the cylinder, and to
counteract the vibration which result from the charge varying in its distri-
bution on the wire gauze. The continuous and rapid turning required for
this apparatus makes a continuous lubrication of importance. To obtain this
we employ tooth, worm, or other gearing to secure the turning of a wheel
which brings up the oil or lubricant to the surfaces to be regulated from a
reservoir or oil chamber below. We prefer a worm being cut into the spindle
in the middle of the bearing, or on its ends, gearing into the lubricating
wheel. This worm is to be so cut that its screwing action tends to forward
the oil to that end or part of the bearing which is more difficult to supply.
This can also be furthered by an oblique groove in the top bearings. The
ends of the spindle bearings we arrange in such cases so as to return the oil to
the reservoir byknown methods. The motion ofthe lubricating wheel we employ

page_text: (if there is occasion for it, as, for instance,) to the regulation of the feed of
the material to the extractor, whereby perfect lubrication of the gearing is
secured. Instead of cutting a worm in the spindle a ring may be laid on
it with a worm cut therein, or a spiral worm may be laid tight round the
shaft or spindle. In planing machines (for instance) to lubricate the V. sliding
bearings, a rack and wheel may be employed, and a pinion and wheel in other
spindles bevil wheels as well as worm wheels may be used also in the case
of lubricating upright shafts or spindles.
In order that this Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached two Sheets of Drawings of the apparatus,
and having similar letters of reference marked upon corresponding parts
of the same.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation shewn in section of the
improved "hydro-extractor," shewing very clearly the internal archimedean
screw or worm scraper in contact with the conically formed wire gauze
sieve or chamber (or it may be constructed of perforated plates) the whole
being encased or surrounded by the outer casing. This Figure also shews
a side view or section of the apparatus employed to maintain the perfect
lubrication of the bearings, which becomes important, in consequence of
the great speed at which the shafts revolve.
Fig. 2 represents an end view of the archimedian screw or worm scraper ;
and Fig. 3 is an end view of the gearing for obtaining the required differential
motion, having the end plate removed for the more perfect illustration
thereof.
In Sheet 2, Fig. 1 is an end view of the exterior casing of the "hydro-
extractor," shewing an end view of the simplest form of lubricator, being
an end view of Fig. 1, Sheet 1. We have also shewn in this Sheet several
Figures as illustrative examples of some of the numerous applications of this
improved description of lubricator, Fig. 2 being that form particularly
adapted to the bearings of railway carriage and other axles; Fig. 3 as
applied to "crank pins," and Fig. 4 as applied to the V grooves of planing
machine and other sliding surfaces.
We shall now proceed to describe the action of the hydro-extractor,"
and subsequently that of the lubricator.
In Fig. 1, Sheet 1, a a, a, is the exterior framing or casing of the extractor,
and b the central shaft which is driven at a high velocity, either by nieans of
that description of engine for which I, the said Christian Schiele, previously
obtained Her Majesty's Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth July
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, such engine being contained within

page_text: the steam casing c, c, or any other driving power may be employed; upon the
shaft thearchimedeanscreworworm scraper dissecured and rotates therewith,
one end of such shaft giving motion to the differential motione, e, e, (seen more
clearly in Fig. 3) which turns the exterior box fl,and withit the exterior shaft,
which is attached to the perforated conically shaped chamber or sieve gand its
exterior case h, by means of the oblique arms i, i, and by this means the
revolutions of the outside case h are regulated or retarded, and caused to
revolve at a slower speed than the internal worm scraper d. The material
from which the moisture is to be extracted (sugar liquor for example) is fed
into the extractor at the hopper k, and passes along the hollow external shaftf,
throught the oblique arms, into the space between the worm scraper and the
perforated chamber or sieve, and as the machine revolves the liquor becomes
propelled by centrifugal force through the perforated chamber, and into the
outer casing, whence it passes away by the apertures 7 into the receptaclem,
and the drum or sieve is cleaned or freed from any adhering particles by means
of the worm scraper, which also screws the material in a dry state forward,
and expels it into the receptacle or chamber n. The lubricating apparatus
may be applied in almost any required position where there are bearings or
frictional surfaces to be lubricated, and is shewn as applied in this machine to
an ordinary horizontal shaft b, which has cut or otherwise formed upon it,
a worm or screw about the middle of its bearing, into which a worm or
toothed wheel o gears; this wheel is supported in spring bearings to keep it
in contact with the shaft, and rotates in a reservoir of oil p, the arrangement
of which being more clearly seen in Fig. 1, Sheet 2, in which bis the shaft
having a worm upon it, and o the wheel gearing therewith, which rotates in
the oil or lubricative material p₁ in the reservoir P; q is a projecting plate
which retains the oil from passing beyond a limit, so that, in the event
of steam entering the box and condensing, it may pass away by an overflow
provided, terminating at ; the oil is prevented from passing with the water,
a water surface r is also provided in the axle bearing Fig. 2 for the dust to fall
upon, , and so keep the oil free from impurities; S, Fig. 1 is a screw lid which
may be removed from examining the state of the oil. The lubrication of the
shaft is effected thus:-The wheel enters the bearing thro' a slot O, takes the
oil on to the worm upon the shaft, it then becomes diffused in the opposite
direction to the screwing action, along the bearing, by an inclined slot or
groove in the upper part or cover of the bearing, and thence returned by the
channels s,s, to the reservoir,and thus the continuous and efficient lubrication of
almost any description of bearings may be effected by an adaptation of gearing
to convey the oil to the shaft to suit the requirements of each particular

page_text: kind of bearings, some of which are shewn and will be evident in Fig. 2, 3,
and 4.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of performing the same, we wish it to be distinctly understood
that we claim,―
First, the novel curved shape or form of the wire gauze or perforated
chamber or sieve, and also the perforations of such receptical being con-
tinuous or uninterrupted in a direction approximating that of the motion of
the charge of material in its passage through the extractor.
Secondly, the novel form and construction of the archimedean screw or
worm scraper, whereby the room for the charge is limited to any required
thickness, together with its heavy disc or centre piece to diminish the vibra-
tions consequent upon a high velocity of revolutions.
Thirdly, the peculiar arrangement of differential gearing for effecting the
purpose described.
And fourthly, the method of effecting the lubrication of bearings or frictional
surfaces by means of worm and wheel or other positive gearing not liable to
slip, for the purpose of conveying the lubricant to the part to be lubricated
from a reservoir placed below and in suitable connection therewith.
And lastly, we claim the general novel arrangement and construction of
the apparatus termed a "hydro-extractor," and employed for separating the
liquid from solid particles or bodies containing liquid or moisture, as herein-
before clearly set forth and described and exhibited in the several Figures
in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, we, the said Christian Schiele and Frederick Schiele,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-nine.
CHRISTIAN SCHIELE.
(L.S.)
FREDERICK SCHIELE. (L.S.)