Improvements in and connected with Vapour Lamps.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Vapour Lamps.
I, CHARLES EDWARD HEARSON, of No. 5, Templar Street, Camberwell, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in and con-
nected with vapour lamps.
In the case of a lamp for ordinary lighting purposes I mount the burner above
the fluid receptacle and interpose a block or layer of wood or asbestos or other
material of low heat conducting power for the purpose of insulating the burner
from the said receptacle or preventing free passage of heat from the one to the
other and I provide for passage into the vaporizing tube of liquid to be vaporized
by arranging in communication with the interior of the said receptacle a collap-
sible air container such as a flexible bag under pressure of a weight or the
equivalent thereof which air container is furnished with means admitting of air
being readily forced into it from the mouth or otherwise and of escape of air from
it being permitted when necessary.
In constructing according to my invention a lamp for use in magic lanterns
I secure the burner and the mixing tube (i.e. the tube in which the mixture of
vapour with air takes place) to a metal plate and mount the said plate on the
insulating block in which I form a hollow for passage of the said mixture from
the mixing tube to the burner and I joint to the edges or other suitable parts
of the said plate other plates which are so shaped and arranged that they may
be placed so as to form a partial enclosure for the burner or so as to admit of
free access thereto when required. I arrange the mixing tube in such a position
relatively to the burner as to form a convenient support for the reflector by
which the light of the said burner is concentrated on the lens of the lantern
and on the connection between the vaporizing tube and the mixing tube I form
a support for an incandescence hood or mantle of the kind heretofore applied
to gas burners.
Dated this Third day of June 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Vapour Lamps.
I, CHARLES EDWARD HEARSON, of No. 5, Templar Street, Camberwell, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
Price S

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in and con-
nected with vapour lamps.
In the case of a lamp for ordinary lighting purposes I mount the burner above
the fluid receptacle and interpose a block or layer of wood or asbestos or other
material of low heat conducting power for the purpose of insulating the burner
from the said receptacle or preventing free passage of heat from the one to the
ether and I provide for passage into the vaporizing tube of liquid to be vaporized
by arranging in communication with the interior of the said receptacle collap-
sible air container such as a flexible bag under pressure of a weight or
spring which air container is furnished with means admitting of air
being readily forced into it from the mouth or otherwise and of escape of air from
it being permitted when necessary.
L
In constructing according to my invention a lamp for use in magic lanterns
I secure the burner and the mixing tube (i.e. the tube in which the mixture of
vapour with air takes place) to a metal plate and mount the said plate on the
insulating block in which I form a hollow for passage of the said mixture from
the mixing tube to the burner and I joint to the edges or other suitable parts
of the said plate other plates which are so shaped and arranged that they may
be placed so as to form a partial enclosure for the burner or so as to admit of
free access thereto when required. I arrange the mixing tube in such a position
relatively to the burner as to form a convenient support for the reflector by
which the light of the said burner is concentrated on the lens of the lantern
and on the connection between the vaporizing tube and the mixing tube I form
a support for an incandescence hood or mantle of the kind heretofore applied
to gas burners.
I will further describe my said invention with reference to the accompanying
drawings which illustrate the same as applied to a lamp for use in magic lanterns
Figure 1 of the said drawings being a sectional plan of the lamp in connection
with the apparatus for producing pressure on the fluid in the lamp reservoir
Figure 2 a vertical section of the same and Figure 3 a transverse section of the
lamp alone. The line on which the section Figure 1 is taken is indicated at A
in Figure 2. The line of the section Figure 2 is indicated at B in Figure 1
and the line of the section Figure 3 is indicated at C in Figure 2.
In the following description the parts of the drawings are referred to by the
letters and figures marked thereon the same letters and figures of reference being
used to indicate the same parts in all the figures of the drawings.
a is the fluid receptacle. is the burner. c is the vaporizing tube. d is the
mixing tube and e is the reflector. The said fluid receptacle a is placed in a
tray provided with flanges f1 f1 for engagement with guides in the interior of
the lantern and rests on a slab of wood placed on the bottom of the tray f
removal of which slab of wood and substitution of another of greater or less
thickness admits of correct adjustment of height of the lamp for the purpose of
bringing the burner and reflector to the proper position relatively to the lens of
the lantern..
g
is the metal plate to which the burner 6 and mixing tube d are secured. h is
the insulating block interposed between the said plate g and the fluid receptacle a
for preventing free passage of heat from the burner to the said receptacle. his
the hollow in the said block h constituting the passage between the mixing tube
and the burner. The said plate g and block hare secured together by means of
screws as illustrated in Figure 1 with interposition of a suitable cement such as
silicate of soda in admixture with whiting in order to prevent escape of vapour
from the passage in the said block.
The vaporizing tube c is packed as usual with fibrous material not shown in
the drawings and has a cup c¹ formed around it for reception of spirit which is

page_text: ignited to heat the tube at starting and the said tube is supported by a nozzle i
constituting the inlet of the receptacle a and is held in place by means of
a screw nut i¹ which engages with a screw thread on the said nozzle and secures
the said tube c by bearing on a flange c² formed around it and compressing a
washer between the said flange and the mouth of the said nozzle i. The internal
diameter of the said nozzle at the upper or mouth end is but little larger than
the tube and at the lower part its internal diameter is such that when the
said tube is secured as described there is an annular space 22 between the said
nozzle and tube which space is in communication with the interior of the fluid
receptacle a and with the interior of a branch tube connected to the said
nozzle.
The heater for the vaporizing tube c which heater forms the connection between
the said tube c and the mixing tube & consists of a block of metal j affixed to
'the former and resting on the upper end of the latter and having formed in it
a passage constituting the means of communication between the said tubes c
and d. The orifice through which the jet of vapour issues into the mixing tube
is formed in a hollow screw plug which is engaged with a screw thread formed
in the mouth of the said passage which is over the mixing tube d. Over the
inner mouth of the passage in the screw plug 2 a cap of fine wire gauze j4 is
secured for preventing obstruction of the jet orifice by particles of matter carried
from the vaporizing tube with the vapour issuing therefrom. d¹d are the air
inlets of the mixing tube d which are furnished with a screen consisting of a tube
of wire gauze d² placed within the said tube d. The reflector e is supported by
means of a clip e¹ embracing the said tube d. The incandescence hood or mantle k
is suspended over the burner b from the hooked end of a piece of wire ¹ having
at its other end a loop which surrounds a boss on the top of the heater j.
jis an arm formed on the said heater and having a notch in its outer end on
which the wire ¹ rests. The said wire is thus supported at such a point between
its ends that the weight of the portion resting on the heater j is sufficient to
counterbalance the weight of the hooked projecting portion and the hood or
mantle suspended therefrom.
I is the collapsible air container which consists of an india rubber bag and is
supported by a cup and the interior of which communicates with the interior
of the fluid receptacle a by means of tubes 12 13 m n the latter being connected
to the branch tube of the nozzle i in which the vaporizing tube c is secured.
m is a mouthpiece on the tube m by which the bag is inflated and m² is a
screw valve by which the passage communicating between the said mouthpiece
and the tube m may be closed or opened as required. o is the weight for producing
pressure of air within the bag and the fluid receptacle a with which the interior
of the said bag is in communication as herein before described.
The
Pqr are the plates by which enclosure of the burner b is provided for in such
a manner as to admit of free access thereto when necessary the said plates being
respectively connected to the plate g by hinges p¹q₁rl in order that they may
be placed either upright as illustrated in all the figures of the drawings for
forming the required enclosure or be turned outward and downward to the
positions indicated by broken lines for admitting of access to the burner.
plates pq are protected from the heat of the burner by pieces of asbestos p² q²
secured to them. The orifice through which the light passes to the lens of the
lantern is formed in the plate r. To prevent passage of light between the
meeting edges of the said plates when they are in the closed position the sides
of the plater are turned at an angle as illustrated at 22 in Figure 1 and the
parts of the plates pq which constitute the back of the enclosure are made to
overlap at their edges as illustrated in the said Figure 1. When the said
plates pqr are in the closing position they are secured by engagement therewith
of the chimneys of the lamp as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3.
In using a lamp provided with the means herein before described for producing
pressure within the fluid receptacle a the, action of the vaporizing tube c is first

page_text: started, by ignition of spirit in the cup c¹ in the usual manner and before placing
the weight o on the bag 1. The said bag is then inflated by blowing air into it
through the mouth piece m' and when sufficiently inflated the valve m² is closed
to prevent escape of the air and the weight o is placed on the bag / the effect of
the weight being to keep the air in the said bag and in the fluid receptacle
under pressure the degree of which is dependent on the weight used. I have found
that a
weight which will produce a pressure of about half a pound per square
inch is sufficient. To extinguish the flame at the burner the valve m² is opened.
Although I prefer to produce the pressure by means of a weight I do not confine
myself thereto as a spring may be substituted therefor.
The features of my invention which are applicable to vapour lamps for ordinary
purposes having the burner mounted above the fluid receptacle are as hereinbefore
stated insulation of the burner from the said receptacle by interposition of wood
or other material of low heat conducting power and subjection of the fluid in the
said receptacle to pressure of a weight or spring acting through the medium of
confined air. These features I have fully described in connection with the magic
lantern lamp illustrated in the acompanying drawings and I apply them similarly
or in a substantially similar manner to other vapour lamps of the aforesaid
type.
my
said
7:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim:-
First The combination with a vapour lamp having the burner above the
fluid receptacle of means for producing pressure on the surface of the fluid
in the said receptacle as required consisting of a weight or spring acting through
the medium of confined air substantially as herein before described.
Secondly: In a vapour lamp having the burner above the fluid receptacle the
interposition of wood or asbestos or other material of low heat conducting power
between the burner and the said receptacle for the purpose of preventing free
passage of heat from the one to the other.
Thirdly: In vapour lamps for use with magic lanterns providing for enclosure
or partial enclosure of the burner as required in order to confine the light by means
of plates so formed and arranged and jointed to the support of the burner that
by turning them on their joints they may be placed either in such positions as to
constitute the required enclosure or in such positions as to admit of free access
to the burner.
501
1
Manab 1900
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.