IMPROVE- MENTS IN CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS
Year: 1884

page_text: RESERVE COPY
This Specification was, upon the 22nd day of September 1888, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
L, ALBERT FERDINAND LINK of 8 Union Court Old Broad St. in the City of
London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS." A communication from abroad by
Doctor Philip Theodor Bauer, of Munich, Bavaria, to be as follows:―
The object of my invention is to construct vertical and horizontal coke ovens in
a cheap and efficient manner, rendering the same simple and easy of access for
feeding. Such ovens economise and distribute the heat arising from the combustion
of the gas and the products of distillation; economise space, building material,
and working expenses, and produce coke which is uniform and superior in
quality.
My improved construction of coke oven is likewise adapted to large, small, or
experimental works.
In building my said ovens I place the regenerator in the middle, and reduce the
length below that of ordinary horizontal ovens, and much lower than is usual with
vertical ovens.
The distinction between my improved coke ovens and those of ordinary con-,
struction, consists in the arrangement of the floor, and the disposition of the flues'
whereby a large amount of heating surface is secured; the greatest heat is
produced in a central position, from whence it is caused to travel radially out-
wards.
In one form of my invention I form the floors of a quadrantal form, rising from
a horizontal position at the doorway to a vertical position near the centre, for
facilitating the withdrawal of the coke, and under this curved floor flues are con-
From these Hues
structed, which lead to vertical flues between the retorts.
horizontal and zigzag flues are constructed to conduct the gases in their respective
courses.

page_text: In another form of my invention where horizontal floors are preferred, the flues
are somewhat varied to suit that construction.
The feeding of the ovens may be arranged from the top or from side doors.
The discharging flues are arranged to conduct the spare heat to, and permit the
same to be used for, heating steam boilers, and in some cases I place the boiler
in such a position that it acts as a chimney, having a vertical flue for that
purpose.
'
E
"
1001
I ALBERT FERDINAND LINK of 8 Union Court Old Broad Street in the City of
London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS A communication from abroad by
Doctor Philip Theodor Bauer of Munich, Bavaria, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by tho
following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to construct vertical and horizontal coke ovens
in a cheap and efficient manner, rendering the same simple and easy of access
for feeding. Such ovens economise and distribute the heat arising from the com-
bustion of the gas and the products of distillation, economise space, building
material, and working expenses, and produce coke which is uniform and superior in
quality.
My improved construction of coke oven is likewise adapted to large, small, or
experimental works.
In building my said ovens I place the regenerator in the middle, and reduce the
length below that of ordinary horizontal ovens, and much lower than is usual with
vertical ovens.
The distinction between my improved coke ovens and those of ordinary con-
struction, consists in the arrangement of the floor, and the disposition of the
flues, whereby a large amount of heating surface is secured; the greatest heat is
produced in a central position, from whence it is caused to travel radially
outwards.
In one form of my Invention I form the floors of a quadrantal form, rising from
a horizontal position at the doorway to a vertical position near the centre, for

page_text: facilitating the withdrawal of the coke and under this curved floor flues are con-
structed, which lead to vertical Hues between the retorts-From these flues
horizontal and zigzag flues are constructed to conduct the gases in their respective
courses.
In another form of my invention where horizontal floors are preferred, the flues
are somewhat varied to suit the construction.
The feeding of the ovens may he arranged from the top or from side doors.
The discharging flues are arranged to conduct the spare heat to, and permit the
same to be used for, heating steam boilers, and in some cases I place the boiler
in such a position that it acts as a chimney, having a vertical flue for that
purpose.
And in order that my said invention may be clearly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts :-
:-
Fig 1. is a sectional elevation shewing the quadrantal floors 7. Fig. 2 is a
sectional elevation shewing the combustion chamber a chambers G, G-Fig 3 shews
one external elevation, and three sectional elevations, a being a partial elevation on
the lines a a of Figs 1 & 2; ba sectional elevation on the lines bb of Figs 1 and 2,
ca sectional elevation on the lines c. c. of Figs 1 and 2; and d is a sectional elevation
on the lines d d of Figs 1 and 2.
Fig 4 shews portions of eight horizontal sections on the lines numbered 1, 1,
to 88, in Figs 1 and 2; the section numbered 1 in Fig 4 corresponding with the
lines 1, 1 in Figs 1 and 2, and so on, to the section numbered 8, which corre-
sponds with the lines 8, 8. in Figs 1 and 2.
Retort-floors.
The gaseous products arising from distillation of the coals discharge from the a
hamber E into the fiue s, G, constituting a lower combustion chamber and there
oin the heated air at-e from H-From the back end of the opening ennal-g, flue G
he gases and air draw off forwards in active combustion, circulate through the
ndicated passage, and pass by way of the small flue h, through the flue, j, in contact
vith the lower part, 9, of the chamber, E.-The floor, 9, of the chamber, E, may bo
at or arched; the gases will travel accordingly and lastly pass upwards in a vertical
lirection up the vertical flue 1.

page_text: Mixed with this vertical ascending stream the heated products of combustion
meet at through an opening underneath-The air entering at II is regulated like
the air entering at by means of slides, i actuated by rods leading to the outside.
It then passes through channels or flues I over the ceilings of the combustion
chambers, then enters the longitudinal flues. 112 falls through the flues H³
downwards in to concentrate-again in a longitudinal flue, or flues. h' situate in the
middle and lower part of the oven, and from here arrives rises again to mix with the
gases flowing up the before mentioned vertical gas streams : flues, I. In ovens with
arched bases q, the air at from H passes between two gas flues I upwards along
flues before passing through the opening, h2, and joining the partly burned gases
in the Contact Canal Hues or central longitudinal mixing flue i-In ovens with flat
bases the vertical air flues h¹ constituting the refrigerator are short shallow and are
provided with openings discharging into 4, where they enter between two
chambers which unite there-The chambers G, Gare provided with openings as
shewn in the drawings at f, f¹ to admit sufficient air and gases for the process of
combustion.
When the air and the gases have become sufficiently mixed with each other,
as before described, and as shown in the accompanying drawings, they are carried
away principally towards the external part of the oven and mostly in a vertical
direction, (as is the case with the air at from II) and enter into the discharging
flues The ovens with arched floors have this these flues t, i', in a longitudinal
direction over the chamber doors, while the ovens with flat floors have their flues in
the middle of the series of ovens, and on the top of them.
On the front sides of the series of ovens are placed the chamber registers
dampers, which can easily be reached from outside-Besides, cach chimney placed
on the front of the series of ovens is provided with a General Register. main
damper.
Instead of a chimney J, a vertical tubular boiler may be substituted to permit
the spent gases to discharge into the air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In the construction of coke ovens the use of arched bases 79 for the purpose
of increasing the heating surface of the chamber and to facilitate the withdrawing
of the coke, substantially as described and shewn on the drawings.
2. The arrangements for mixing the heated products of air for combustion near the
middle of the oven, with the gases, and their circulation passage therefrom to
the external parts of the oven, substantially as described and shown on the
drawings.
3. The arrangement of the passage in ovens with arched bases, (as in Fig 1),
and the small vertical passages leading thereto in the combustion chambers of ovens
with flat bases, (as in Fig 2), for the purpose of uniting the partially consumed
gases issuing from the oven base, with the highly heated air for combustion gases
substantially as described and shewn on the drawings.
Dated this 7th day of May 1885

page_text: PROVIDIUNAL SPECIFICATION.
T, ALBERT FERDINAND LINK of 8 Union Court Old Broad St. in the City of
London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS," A communication from abroad by
Doctor Philip Theodor Bauer, of Munich, Bavaria, to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to construct vertical and horizontal coke ovens in
a cheap and efficient manner, rendering the same simple and easy of access for
feeding. Such ovens economise and distribute the heat arising from the combustion
of the gas and the products of distillation; economise space, building material,
and working expenses, and produce coke which is uniform and superior in
quality.
My improved construction of coke oven is likewise adapted to large, small, or
experimental works.
In building my said ovens I place the regenerator in the middle, and reduce the
length below that of ordinary horizontal ovens, and much lower than is usual with
vertical ovens.
The distinction between my improved coke ovens and those of ordinary con-
struction, consists in the arrangement of the floor, and the disposition of the flues,
whereby a large amount of heating surface is secured; the greatest heat is
produced in a central position, from whence it is caused to travel radially out-
wards.
In one form of my invention I form the floors of a quadrantal form, rising from
a horizontal position at the doorway to a vertical position near the centre, for
facilitating the withdrawal of the coke, and under this curved floor flues are con-
structed, which lead to vertical flues between the retorts. From these flues
horizontal and zigzag flues are constructed to conduct the gases in their respective
courses,
In another form of my invention where horizontal floors are preferred, the flues
are somewhat varied to suit that construction.
The feeding of the ovens may be arranged from the top or from side doors.
The discharging flues are arranged to conduct the spare heat to, and permit the
same to be used for, heating steam boilers, and in some cases I place the boiler
in such a position that it acts as a chimney, having a vertical flue for that
purpose.

page_text: :
London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COKE OVENS A communication from abroad by
Doctor Philip Theodore Bauer of Munich, Bavaria, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object of my Invention is to construct vertical and horizontal coke ovens
in a cheap and efficient manner, rendering the same simple and easy of access
for feeding. Such ovens economise and distribute the heat arising from the com-
bustion of the gas and the products of distillation, economise space, building
material, and working expenses, and produce coke which is uniform and superior in
quality.
'My improved construction of coke oven is likewise adapted to large, small, or
experimental works.
In building my said ovens I place the regenerator in the middle, and reduce the
length below that of ordinary horizontal ovens, and much lower than is usual with
vertical ovens.
The distinction between my improved coke ovens and those of ordinary con-
struction, consists in the arrangement of the floor, and the disposition of the
flues, whereby a large amount of heating surface is secured; the greatest heat is
produced in a central position, from whence it is caused to travel radially
.outwards.
:
In one form of my Invention I form the floors of a quadrantal form, rising from
a horizontal position at the doorway to a vertical position near the centre, for
facilitating the withdrawal of the coke and under this curved floor flues are con-
structed, which lead to vertical flues' between the retorts From these flues
horizontal and zigzag flues are constructed to conduct the gases in their respective
courses.
In another form of my invention where horizontal floors are preferred, the flues
are somewhat varied to suit the construction.
The feeding of the ovens may be arranged from the top or from side doors.
The discharging flues are arranged to conduct the spare heat to, and permit the
same to be used for, heating steam boilers, and in some cases I place the boiler
in such a position that it acts as a chimney, having a vertical flue for that
purpose.
+ *
**
And in order that my said invention may be clearly described and ascertained;
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts:-
A
Fig. 1. is a sectional elevation shewing the quadrantal floors q. Fig 2 is a
sectional elevation shewing the combustion chamber n.-Fig 3 shews one external
elevation, and three sectional elevations, a being a partial'elevation on the lines a a
of Figs 1 & 2; ba sectional elevation on the lines b b of Figs l'and 2, c a sectional
elevation on the lines c. c. of Figs 1 and 2; and d is a sectional elevation on the
lines d d of Figs 1 and 2.
Fig 4 shews portions of eight horizontal sections on the lines numbered 1, 1,
to 8 8, in Figs 1 and 2; the section numbered 1 in Fig 4 corresponding with the
lines 1, 1 in Figs 1 and 2, and so on, to the section numbered 8, which corre
sponds with the lines 8, 8. in Figs 1 and 2.

page_text: The products arising from distillation of the coals discharge from the chamber m
into the flue g and there join the heated air at e-From the back end of the opening
canal g, the gases and air draw off forwards in active combustion, circulate
through the indicated passage, and pass in contact with the lower part of the
chamber. The floor of the chamber may be flat or arched; the gases will travel
accordingly and lastly pass upwards in a vertical direction.
Mixed with this vertical ascending stream the heated products of combustion
meet at through an opening underneath-The air at f is regulated like the
air at e by means of slides actuated by rods leading to the outside; then passes
-through channels or flues over the ceilings of the combustion chambers, then
enters the longitudinal flues k, falls through the flues downwards to concentrato
again in a longitudinal flue k, situate in the middle and lower part of the oven,
and from here arrives again to the before mentioned vertical gas streams h. In
ovens with arched bases the air at f passes between two gas flues h upwards before
passing through the opening joining the partly burned gases in the Contact
Canal flues -In ovens with fat bases the vertical air flues k are short and are
provided with openings discharging into h, where they enter between two
chambers which unite there-The chambers are provided with openings as shewn
in the drawings at g to admit sufficient air and gases for the process of com-
bustion.
When the air and the gases have become sufficiently mixed with each other,
as before described, and as shown in the accompanying drawings, they are carried
away principally towards the external part of the oven and mostly in a vertical
direction, (as is the case with the air at e) and enter into the discharging
flues The ovens with arched floors have this flue in a longitudinal direc-
tion over the chamber doors, while the ovens with flat floors have their flues in
the middle of the series of ovens, and on the top of them.
On the front side of the series of ovens are placed the chamber registers which
can easily be reached from outside-Besides, each chimney placed on the front of
the series of ovens is provided with a General Register.
Instead of a chimney & vertical tubular boiler may be substituted to permit
the spent gases to discharge into the air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In the construction of coke ovens, the use of arched bases q q for the purpose
of increasing the heating surface of the chamber and to facilitate the withdrawing
of the coke, substantially as described and shewn on the drawings.
2. The arrangements for mixing the heated products of combustion near the
middle of the oven, with the gases, and their circulation passage therefrom to
the external parts of the oven, substantially as described and shewn on the
drawings.
3. The arrangement of the passage i in ovens with arched bases, (as in Fig 1),
and the small vertical passages leading thereto in the combustion chambers of ovens
with flat bases, (as in Fig 2), for the purpose of uniting the partially consumed
gases issuing from the oven base, with the highly heated combustion gases
substantially as described and shewn on the drawings.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant,