matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1858

page_text: Frovisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Smethurst at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th May
1858.
I, JOSEPH SMETHURST, of Guide Bridge, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing steam boilers of one or more series of
spherical or other shaped vessels placed in a line or above each other, and
connected to a steam dome; the products of combustion are conveyed around
these vessels, thereby applying the heat in the most advantageous manner.
Another part of my Invention is applicable to those boilers in which one or
more flues are employed, and consists in applying within the said flues spberical
or other shaped vessels connected to the inside of the boiler by one or more
pipes. These vessels are made of any suitable metal, and they are smaller
than the flue, to allow the products of combustion to pass between them and
the inside of the flue. The object of these spherical or other shaped vessels
is to obtain a large heating surface, and thereby to apply the heat most
advantageously.
When my improvements are applied to boilers without internal flues, the
spherical or other shaped vessels are placed in the flues surrounding the boiler.
My Invention is particularly beneficial in high-pressure boilers.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF BOLLERS EXPLODING FROM DEFFICIENCY OF WATER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis A. Normandy, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
October 1858.--A communication.
I, LOUIS A. NORMANDY, jun', of 67, Judd St., London, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF BOLLERS EXPLODING FROM
DEFFICIENCY OF WATER," (being a communication to me from a foreigner
now residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This apparatus is intended to prevent the explosion of boilers from the
above cause, by closing the damper as soon as soon as the level of the water
gets too low. It is constructed,. Fig. I. and II., of a damper, which is
maintained in guides having a cross piece (4-65) at both extremities. Above
the damper is a rack, made of T-iron (6), passing through a guide (8), and
into the teeth of which a loaded catch (9) falls by the position and weight of
its longer arm, so that the damper may be kept at any desired heighth. The
damper can be raised or lowered as usual by means of a counterpoise, and by
bringing the long arm of the catch near to the rack. A stand or support is
fixed to the safety valve or any part of the boiler, which stand carries a
broken or jointed leaver (10 and 11), which turns on a pin in the stand; the
arm (10) passes through a guide (13). The arm (11), weighing about 10 lbs.,
is kept in a vertical position by the float when there is enough water, but
when the water gets too low the float sinks, and the arm (11) falls, giving a

page_text: blow to the arm (10), which thereby forces back the catch, liberates the
damper, which falls by its own weight, and so closes the flue. The arm (11)
in falling also strikes the handle of a whistle, so as to call the attention of the
attendant.
AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR SHARPENING THE BLADES OF KNIVES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
February 1858. A communication.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED INSTRUMENT FOR SHARPENING
THE BLADES OF KNIVES," to be as follows:-
The improved instrument for sharpening the blades of knives which forms
the subject of the present Invention, consists principally of a slotted frame in
which are mounted on centres two moveable blades with inclined edges,
which are made to overlap each other something like the blades of a pair of
scissors. These blades are kept closed and over each other by means of
springs adapted to their backs, and when a blade or knife requires sharpening
it is to be inserted in the slot of the frame between the edges of the moveable
sharpening blades, and upon drawing the knife forward the edges of the
sharpening blades will act on and sharpen the edge of the knife. The springs
at the back of the sharpening blades will always keep them up to their work,
and yet admit of their yielding when pressed back by the knife that is under
operation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GAS METERS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Locke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th November
1858.
I, EDWARD LOCKE, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF GAS METERS," to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to an improvement in that class of gas meters known
as wet meters, the object being to provide for the efficient working of the
meter at variable heights of the water level. To this end I mount the
measuring drum in a swinging frame instead of in stationary bearings, and
keep it at a determinate height with respect to the water level, by supporting
it by means of a float or its equivalent. The frame which carries the drum
may be forked and jointed to the meter case, and the float may be connected
with the bearings or the axle of the drum. The motion of the drum is com-
municated to the counting.apparatus by means of a deep toothed pinion which
allows for the rise and fall of the drum.
At both the entrance and exit side of the meter I propose to insert slips of
glass into the case, for the purpose of shewing the level of the water, and to
remove from the glass any deposit that might hide the water level I apply a
wiper (made of sponge or other suitable substance) to the inner surface of the
glass by means of a rod which passes through the case. Thus, when an
inspection is required, the wiper may from outside of the meter be drawn over
and caused to clean the glass sufficiently to exhibit the water level. This
wiper applies also to other kinds of glass gauges.
AN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING DOWN DRAUGHTS AND CURRENTS IN CHIMNEYS, FLUES, AND SHAFTS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Wetherell and George
Gray at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 6th April 1858.
We, HENRY WETHERELL and GEORGE GRAY, of Upper Chapman Strect, in
the County of Middlesex, Zine Workers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING DOWN DRAUGHTS AND
CURRENTS IN CHIMNEYS, FLUES, AND SHAFTS," to be as follows:-
Our apparatus consists of a valve and valve seat made and acting as
hereafter described.
We fit a seat in metal or other suitable material at any desired height in a
chimney, shaft, or flue, and above the seat we suspend a ball or globe charged
with some gas lighter than atmospheric air. The ball offers no impediment to
the passage upwards of smoke, vitiated air, or any other ascending current, but
any descending current is effectually stopped by the valve, which is thereby
forced down on to its seat.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND ATTACHING KNOBS AND SPINDLES, AND IN CON- NECTING KNOBS TO DOORS, DRAWERS, AND OTHER ARTICLES,
Year: 1858

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Irotection, oue
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Hipkins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
March 1858.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK HIPKINS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND ATTACHING KNOBS AND SPINDLES, AND IN CON-
NECTING KNOBS TO DOORS, DRAWERS, AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
In constructing and attaching wooden knobs to their spindles I form the
spindle with a screw at each end, and with a square part at or near the middle
of the spindle. I screw one end of the spindle into the knob, and slide upon
the projecting part of the spindle a nut or washer which engages in the knob.
The said nut engages in the knob so as to be incapable of turning, and
thereby prevents the spindle from unscrewing from the knob when the knob is
turned.
The projecting end of the knob spindle may either be screwed into the door,
drawer, or other article, or a flanged collar may be inserted from inside the
drawer or door into a hole therein, and the spindle passed through from the
other side and screwed into the said flanged collar. In attaching metal knobs
to drawers and other articles, the spindle may be cast in or otherwise attached
to the knob, and made to engage with the flanged collar by screwing. When

page_text: the spindle requires to be adjustable, so as to accomodate its length to the
thickness of the door or other article, I make the said spindle square, and
form a screw thread on its angles. The said spindle is made to enter the
knob to a greater or less extent by sliding or screwing therein. The sliding
may be effected by a screw collar attached to the neck of the knob by
burnishing. By turning the said screw collar the spindle may be made to
advance to the required distance in the knob. When the spindle is made to
screw directly into the neck of the knob the said knob is fixed by a collar
sliding on the square spindle. This collar has projections which engage in
recesses in the neck of the knob, and when the length of the spindle has been
adjusted the said collar is made to engage with the knob, and the knob, being
thereby prevented from turning the length of the spindle external to the knob,
is fixed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES, PIPES, OR MAINS FOR CONDUCTING LIQUIDS OR GAS, OR FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Clement Emile Malvezin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st September 1858.
I, JEAN CLEMENT EMILE MALVEZIN, of Paris (France), Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF TUBES, PIPES, OR MAINS FOR CONDUCTING LIQUIDS OR GAS, OR
FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to tubes, pipes, or mains for conducting liquids
of any description, or gas, or for other similar purposes, such, for instance, as
tubes for transmitting sounds, and consists in manufacturing them by means
of tissue or yarn of cotton, or of any other suitable textile material impreg-
nated or covered with suitable bituminous or other matters. The said tubes
may be manufactured by hand by rolling the tissues or yarns at the required
thickness round a suitable mandril or core, from which the same is afterwards
taken off, or which may remain, if required, in the interior, in which case the
mandril must necessarily be hollow, as this rolling on the mandril or core may
be done by any suitable machinery, at the same time passing the tissues or
yarns through suitable impregnating or covering bath or baths.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF-CUTTING MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Michael Gregory at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st May 1858.
I, FREDERICK MICHAEL GREGORY, of Shavington, near Market Drayton, in
the County of Shropshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF-CUTTING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an entirely new mode of cutting chaff, affording
greater facilities to the man employed, and at the same time considerably
diminishing the labor. Firstly, I propose to employ a cylindrical frame,
provided with a metallic disc (or other suitable material), at each end thereof,
through the centre of which I pass a shaft horizontally, and which shaft carries
at its extreme end a fly wheel, the whole being mounted on a suitable framing.
Upon the outer periphery of the aforesaid discs, and attached to the framing, I
place two knives in a diagonal direction, so that the first end of one of the
knives begins to cut at the moment the last end of the second knife has
completed half a revolution of the cylindrical frame.
Secondly, I employ in combination with the cylindrical frame two sets of
rollers actuated by bevilled and multiplying wheels, in order to regulate the
length of the substances to be cut. I also employ a clutch affixed to the
bevilled wheel shaft to throw the same in or out of gear, while the knives are
in motion. The mouth of the box or tray is curved, in order to take the
circular motion of the knives.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, AND DRYING & OTHER OILS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Blizzard at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th June
1858.
I, WILLIAM BLIZZARD, of 14, Victoria Terrace, Ladbroke Road, Notting
Hill, Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, AND DRYING & OTHER OILS,"
to be as follows:-
For manufacturing from india-rubber & gutta percha a transparent
solution for indurating of textile fabrics, papers, woods, marble, stone, cements,
and all other pourous materials to render them waterproof.
I propose to apply the solution to articles of clothing in such manner as
to justify the title invisible, scentless, & evaporable india-rubber waterproof,
and thereby obviate the objection to india-rubber garments, (viz.,) the want of
ventilation.
I propose also to make sheets of transparent india-rubber & gutta percha,
either combined or in seperate substances, for making of transparent elastic
tubes and vessels for holding or conveying fluids.
And I propose to combine the solution with any of the resinous or spirit
gums such as copal, animal shellac, lac damar, mastic, sandrach, cowrie, &c.,
for surface coating of iron, wood, stone, leather, marble, copper, &c.
I apply the same principle to the clarifying, decolourizing, and purifying of
linseed, rapeseed, and other seed oils to olive, nut, and other fruit oils.

page_text: The agents I use for the different purposes are sometimes plain water or
water and sodo dissolved therein, to which is sometimes added a little quick-
lime, and afterward submitted to different degrees of temperature. At other
times temperature alone is sufficient.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS FOR SEWING AND OTHER MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: his invention receive
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Avery at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th February
1858. A communication.
I, JOHN AVERY, of 32, Essex Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS FOR SEWING AND OTHER MACHINES,"
being a communication from James Hanley, of New York, United States, to
be as follows:
Many sewing (and other) machines are worked by cams, so that the sewing
or other work can only be effected when the cams work in a certain direction,
and in some cases when a crank is used, & the machine has been stopped with
the crank on the wrong side of its centre; the wheels in connection are moved
backwards in the restarting, to the injury of both the machine and the work.
To obviate this injury, and to prevent machines moving or working in any but
the required direction, I adapt thereto a roller (in conjunction with the fly-
wheel or other governing part of the machine), moving in a conical recess, and
brought into action either to hold or release automatically by the friction of its
surface contact with and by the motion of the machine.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CASTING OF STEEL
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ewald Riepe, of Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CASTING OF
STEEL."
Sealed the 15th March 1859, and dated the 20th September 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ewald Riepe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
September 1858.
I, EWALD RIEPE, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
5 declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CASTING
OF STEEL," to be as follows:-
This Invention is an improvement upon two Inventions formerly patented
by me in Great Britain the 9th July, 1853, and has suggested itself to me
as a means of getting the casting thoroughly homogeneous throughout.
Experience has shewn that in effecting the casting in any manner performed
up to the present time, bubbles and "honeycombs" occur in the body of the
metal itself from the inability of the air existing in or drawn into the mould
during the casting to escape, owing to the too sudden cooling of the mass of
metal or otherwise.

page_text: Now, in order to remedy this serious defect, I first heat the mould in any
convenient manner, prior to the pouring in of the steel. For hard and soft
steel different degrees of heat will be required, which, together with the
best sources of heat, will be fully set forth in my Final Specification.
A SINGLE AND DOUBLE ACTING MACHINE, WITH ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1858.-A communication from Messrs. Bouvery and Crestin,
of Lyons, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
SINGLE AND DOUBLE ACTING MACHINE, WITH ELECTRO-MAGNETIC MOTIVE POWER,"
(a communication from Messrs. Bouvery and Crestin, of Lyons, in the Empire
of France,) to be as follows:-
The single acting machine is composed of, 1stly, a fly wheel mounted on a
shaft; 2ndly, a crank at one end of the said shaft; 3rdly, a distributor fixed
on the shaft; 4thly, an clectro-magnet coated with thread; 5thly, two
attractive plates, placed one before and the other behind the magnets; 6thly,
a connecting rod for the backward and forward motion, serving for the two
plates; on this rod thrce projecting rings are placed, one behind the lever to
which the front plate is fixed, another at the distance required for the to-and-
fro movement, and the third behind the second lever; 7thly, two wire
conductors; 8thly, a suspension rod for the plates.
The double acting machine is composed of two electro-magnets, one at each
end of the machine, the fly wheel being placed between them. A second crank
is placed at the other end of the shaft. The backward motion in cither
machine is obtained by means of a set of distributors placed on the side of
those which serve for the forward motion.
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS TO BE APPLIED TO WINDOW SASHES TO PREVENT DRAUGHTS AND THE INFILTRATION OF WATER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
December 1858.-A communication from Eugène Desrocques, residing
at Havre, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS TO BE APPLIED TO WINDOW SASHES TO PREVENT
DRAUGHTS AND THE INFILTRATION OF WATER," (a communication from Eugène
Desrocques, residing at Havre, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows, and
consists in the application of two iron bands, one fixed and the other moveable,
attached to the window frame.
The moveable iron band is mounted upon hinges, and is furnished at each
end with a spiral spring, which is intended to cause the band to fall flat on the
sill or frame when the window is opened. When the window is closed, the
said moveable band will be raised to a vertical position by means of two or
more projections placed upon the frame of the window, and being kept in this
position by the said projections, it will prevent any water or draught from the
outside.
A MACHINE FOR PULVERIZING SHELL, HORN, & WHALEBONE
Year: 1858

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Protection,
ut notice
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jozé Luis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
the 5th August
1858. A communication.
I, JOZE LUIS, Patent Agent, No. 13, Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square,
London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A MACHINE FOR PULVERIZING SHELL, HORN, & WHALEBONE,"
(a communication to me from a foreigner residing abroad), to be as follows:-
The object of the present machine is to avoid the manual operations at
present in use for pulverizing shell, horn, and whalebone. The operations are
three in number, after all foreign matter mixed with the shell has been
removed, and the shell and whalebone prepared in cakes, viz., 1°, the pul-
verization of the before-mentioned cakes and of horn; 2°, the sifting of the
powder obtained by the pulverization; 3°, the pounding of the pieces remain-
ing after the sifting. The apparatus used are a mechanical rasper, a sifter,
and a mortar; they may be put in movement by any motive power.
The mechanical rasp consists of a cylinder formed of oblong metal plates,
with teeth like a saw at the ends, which are rounded. These plates are so
contrived as when put together three of them form a circle; they move on a
shaft in sufficient number to take the entire width of the shell cake, which is
fixed to a sliding plane, which pressing with a continued force brings the cake
in contact with the rasp. The system of rasp is the same, but the sliding

page_text: plane differs in order to adapt itself to the horn or whalebone. This apparatus
is contained in a box with a hole at the bottom, through which the powder
falls; the powder is then removed to the sifters, which are enclosed in a box ;.
a backwards and forwards motion is given to the sives by the same means as
to the rasp. The pieces remaining in the sives are then placed in a mortar,
the pestle of which is moved by the same motive power as that used for the
rasp & sives.
With the foregoing apparatus an ordinary workman can
produce above 12 pounds of powder a day, and at the same time avoid the
many accidents to which he is exposed by breathing an air charged with
pernicious particles during the manual operations.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MACHINERY USED FOR THE DRYING OF YARN, THREAD, CLOTH, OR OTHER WET FABRICS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David McClure at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th November
1858.
I, DAVID MCCLURE, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MACHINERY USED FOR THE DRYING OF YARN, THREAD, CLOTH,
OR OTHER WET FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Hitherto when heated cylinders are used to dry yarn, thread, cloth, or other
fabric, the same is made to pass round heated cylinders in close contact until
the same has become sufficiently dry. In this process, especially when the
yarn, thread, cloth, or other fabric is wet with size, stiffening, or coloring
matter, there is a tendency to adhere to the face of the heated cylinder, and
impurities and discolorations are often caused by such close contact with the
heated cylinder. Now, in machinery made according to my Invention I place
ribs or bars of wood, or of any other suitable material which is either an
imperfect conductor or a non-conductor of heat, longitudinally on the heated
cylinders, at intervals around the cylinder, and sufficiently near to each other
as to prevent the yarn, thread, cloth, or other fabric, when extended from rib
to rib, or from bar to bar, from touching the surface of the heated cylinder.
Instead of ribs or bars being placed along a cylinder, they may, when cloth
only is to be dried, be placed round the cylinder at intervals, and sufficiently
near to each other to prevent the cloth from touching the surface of the
cylinder.

page_text: Instead of bars or ribs, trellis or latticework, or any other convenient
description of raised surfaces, made of suitable materials, may be placed at
intervals around a cylinder from cord to cord in such a way as to prevent the
yarn, threads, cloths, or fabrics from touching the cylinder.
I place these bars, ribs, or other raised surfaces upon and around the face of
a drying cylinder, so that whilst the yarn, thread, cloth, or other fabric to be
dried is allowed to come sufficiently near to the surface of the cylinder to
receive the heat, a small space is left between the face of the cylinder and the
yarn, thread, cloth, or other fabric, for the circulation of air. The bars, ribs,
or other raised surfaces will prevent the adhesion of the yarns, threads, cloths,
or fabrics to the face of the cylinder, and they will thus prevent or have a
tendency to prevent discoloration or other injury to the yarn, threads, cloth, or
fabric, which may be produced by its coming into contact with the face of a
heated cylinder during the process of drying.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SUPPLYING THE FEED WATER TO BOILERS, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Cheetham Bayley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd March 1858.
I, CHARLES CHEETHAM BAYLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SUPPLYING THE FEED WATER TO BOILERS, AND IN THE
APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH," to be as follows:-
My Invention is applicable to every description of boiler, and relates to an
arrangement of apparatus designed for the purpose of preventing accidents
arising from want of water in the boiler, either in consequence of a stoppage
occurring in the feeding or supplying apparatus, or from other causes.
The improvement consists in so arranging a feeding apparatus that some
part or portion between the cistern and boiler shall be in direct contact with
the fire beneath the boiler. This part of the feeding apparatus is to be
composed of a fusible metal of such a degree of hardness as not to fuse or
melt whilst the proper supply of water is passing through it, but upon the
stoppage of such supply the metal will melt, and thus destroy the communi-
cation between the supply cistern and boiler, and prevent a further supply
of water coming into the overheated boiler. A simple form of apparatus
(which may be given as an example) to effect this object consists in a bent
tube or supply pipe, one end of which is open to feed the boiler, the opposite

page_text: end being in connection with the cistern containing water. The tube is so
formed that the bent portion (which is the part to be made of fusible metal)
protrudes through the bottom of the boiler, and is in contact with the fire.
In the event of the supply of water being cut off by stoppage of the pipe or
otherwise, the fusible bend will melt and destroy the communication between
the cistern and boiler, so that in case the supply be again continued the cold
water would descend into the proper fire instead of entering the overheated
boiler.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF IRON SHIPS
Year: 1858

page_text: www
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Westwood, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th June
1858.
I, JOSEPH WESTWOOD, of London Yard, Isle of Dogs, Poplar, in the County
of Middlesex, Ship Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF IRON SHIPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the internal construction and the plating of iron
ships, the object being to obtain great stiffness in the structure, and for ships of
war to enable them to resist the action of shot upon their hulls. To ensure
great stiffness with comparative lightness, I use hollow beams, which I form of
vertical plates of metal, having solid liners between them, and angle iron bolted
to their outside faces at their upper and lower edges. The lower angle irons
continue beyond the ends of the beam proper, and are bent round and bolted
to the opposite sides of the stiff angle iron constituting the ship's frames. In
like manner the ends of the vertical plates are bolted to the ship's frames.
For the purpose of ensuring a good firm joint in the plating of iron ships, I
propose, when using a double thickness of plates, to arrange them so that they
shall present three thicknesses at the joint. Thus I take two plates and place
them so that their edges will form a butt joint; over this joint I lap a plate
which will form with the under plate a double thickness of plating in one
direction, and under this butt joint I lay another plate which will form with

page_text: the plate which it overlies, a double-thickness of plating in the opposite direc-
tion. Thus for each butt joint I have two overlapping plates (one at each
side of the abutting plates) and by passing bolts through the whole on either
side of the butt joint, I secure a firm fastening.
In order to secure the exposed parts of the hull of ships of war against shot,
I propose to plate the upper part with thick plates (by preference of steel)
formed with a rebate at their edges into which the adjacent plates will fit and
produce a flush joint. This joint I cover with a plate or strip of metal, and
then by three lines of bolts rivet the whole firmly together.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLEANSING OR PURIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL AFTER IT HAS BEEN EMPLOYED BY SUGAR REFINERS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerd Jacob Bensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
November 1858.
I, GERD JACOB BENSEN, of 7, Christian Street, St. George's in the East,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CLEANSING OR PURIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL AFTER IT HAS BEEN EMPLOYED BY
SUGAR REFINERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in cleansing or purifying
animal charcoal after it has been employed by sugar refiners. For this
purpose the charcoal is placed in a vessel, within which is a strainer or
perforated false bottom; the charcoal is laid on this strainer or false bottom in
a layer of uniform thickness, and the water or liquid with which the washing
is to be performed is run on to the surface of the charcoal; a partial vacuum is
then produced by pumps or otherwise in the space between the bottom of the
vessel and the under surface of the strainer or false bottom, and this causes
the washing liquid to pass rapidly through the layer of charcoal, which is
thus quickly cleansed; in a similar manner air may be drawn through the
charcoal, and steam may be blown through it by leading steam by a pipe into
the space between the two bottoms of the vessel. The charcoal may be
afterwards revivified by burning in the usual manner.
AN IMPROVED PAINT, PIGMENT, OR COMPOSITION, MORE PARTICULARLY ADAPTED FOR COATING THE HULLS OF SHIPS, EITHER IRON OR WOODEN, SO AS TO PREVENT DAMP, CORROSION, OR FOULING, AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND WARMING SURFACES, AND PREPARING AND APPLYING TO THE SAME SUCH PAINT, PIGMENT, OR COMPOSITION
Year: 1858

page_text: του
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time. prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL-SPECIFICATION left by John Coutts.at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th February
1858.
I, JOHN COUTTS, of Willington Lodge, Willington, Newcastle-on-Tyne, in
the County of Northumberland, Naval Architect, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PAINT, PIGMENT, OR COMPOSITION, MORE
PARTICULARLY ADAPTED FOR COATING THE HULLS OF SHIPS, EITHER IRON OR WOODEN,
SO AS TO PREVENT DAMP, CORROSION, OR FOULING, AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND
WARMING SURFACES, AND PREPARING AND APPLYING TO THE SAME SUCH PAINT,
PIGMENT, OR COMPOSITION," to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists in a paint, pigment, or composition, and in
apparatus for drying or warming substances by means of heated air, whereby
I am enabled advantageously to apply the said paint, pigment, or composition,
which is composed of poisonous substances warmed by part of the said appa-
ratus, and applied to the dried or heated surface as a protection of the materials
composing the same from decay or fouling. The apparatus shewn by the
Drawing (No. 1,) Figs. I., II., III., IV., V., VI., where F is the fan; G, a furnace
containing ignited fuel; H, a flexible pipe for directing the stream of heated
air, bringing it into immediate contact with the substance required to be dried
or warmed. Figs. I., II., III., are sections of the vessels for warming and
containing the pigment about to be laid on to the previously prepared surface.
The pigment is formed of the following substances, and in something like the

page_text: annexed proportions, but these are varied in the details for coating the different
substances, even when various coatings are applied to the same material:-
Carbonate of baryta, about
Litherage or litharge
All in
Arsenious acid
fine powder.
Asphaltum
Oxide of calcium
-
•650
⚫065
وو
= .030
"
.050
وو
.030
•175
Creosote (oil of tar)
These proportions are varied to meet different requirements; some are
abstracted at times altogether and others substituted, or in conjunction with
them, such as bichloride of mercury, silicic acid with caustic alkali, red oxide
of antimony, gutta percha with benzole, camphine, or spirits of turpentine as
solvents.
The above embodies the nature of my Invention, which must occasionally be
varied to suit the nature of the substances acted upon, and the number of 1
times the pigment is employed in coating the work.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS OR COCKS FOR DRAWING-OFF ALE OR OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hawkins Nicholls at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
May 1858.
I, ROBERT HAWKINS NICHOLLS, of 42, St. Michael's Hill, Bristol, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS OR COCKS
FOR DRAWING-OFF ALE OR OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
In my improvements in taps or cocks, I use either a valve or a plug, to
prevent the discharge of the liquid through the tap. This valve or plug is not
turned in its socket, as in ordinary taps as at present constructed, but is lifted
up out of the socket, or partly out of it, to admit of a flow of the liquid
through the socket which it had previously closed. This movement is accom-
plished by the use of a cross lover, which is fixed on a pin on the side of the tap,
and is applied to a stem which projects from the end of the valve or plug
This lever is pressed down at one end, by the hand being placed upon a key or
other instrument constructed for the purpose. This operation will lift up the
other end of the lever, to which the valve or plug is attached, and raise it out
of the socket, and admit a flow of the liquid through the tap. I place a
weight upon the valve or plug sufficient to overbalance the key or other instru-
ment used in raising it, so that when the pressure of the hand is taken off
from the lever, the plug or valve will fall into its socket, and thus the tap will
be self-stopping or self-closing. I also fix a spring to the valve or plug to
accomplish the above-named object, if it be necessary. I also use two valves

page_text: or plugs in the tap, which are so constructed as to work in a measure inde-
pendently of each other, so that if one fails in closing the tap, the other can
act independently of it. By these improvements my taps will be free from
leakage, as the upper part is closed, having no key-hole, and being self-
stopping or self-closing, there will be no loss from the negligence or inattention
of persons using them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR MILITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Manuel Leopold Jonas Lavater at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd November 1858.
I, MANUEL LEOPOLD JONAS LAVATER, of the Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGES FOR MILITARY AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in cartridges for military
and other purposes. The case of the cartridge is formed of sheet vulcanized
india-rubber, and is of a cylindrical form, closed at one end and open at the
other; the closed end is made to a semicircular or other form to fit the front
part of the ball (if for a ball cartridge), and the mouth or open end of the
case is contracted, or is of less diameter than the cylindrical portion of the
case. In filling this case its mouth is stretched over the end of a funnel, so as
to bring the opening to the same size as the interior of the cylinder, and the
ball is then rammed in (or if shot be employed it is introduced in a similar
manner), and a wad is rammed down, over it the measure of powder is then
poured in on to the top of the ball, or on to the wad, and, lastly, a plug of
earthenware, wood, metal, or other material is rammed in on the top of the
powder, and when the mouth of the case is taken off the funnel it springs over
the plug, and holds it in its place; the cartridge is thus hermetically sealed.
In the top of this plug a hole is formed to receive the cap, which is thus held

page_text: ready for use. In loading with this cartridge the cap is first put on the nipple,
the cartridge, as will be understood, serving as a handle for the cap during this
operation; then, by pinching the end of the cartridge, the plug is forced out,
and the powder is poured into the barrel; lastly, the ball (or shot) is rammed
down on to the powder, together with the case, which serves as a wad.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF PAINTS FOR COATING IRON SHIPS, AND FOR OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Pearce Lock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th August
1858.
I, GEORGE PEARCE LOCK, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Oil and
Colour Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF PAINTS FOR COATING IRON SHIPS, AND FOR
OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to preserve and prevent that part of ships
and other vessels under water from fouling. To accomplish this I take for
the under coating, of iron ore ground in boiled linseed oil about fifty per cent.,
and of oil and turpentine about fifty per cent., well mixed; for the outer
coatings, of white lead about forty per cent., of blue mineral or copperas about
ten per cent., and of oil and turpentine about fifty per cent., also well mixed
together.
IMPROVE. MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES FOR PROPELLING VESSELS, AND OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN BEARINGS FOR THE SCREW SHAFTS OF STEAM VESSELS
Year: 1858

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Parsons at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st May
1858.
I, WILLIAM PARSONS, of Pratt Street, Old Lambeth, Manufacturing
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES FOR PROPELLING VESSELS, AND OTHER PURPOSES, AND
IN BEARINGS FOR THE SCREW SHAFTS OF STEAM VESSELS," to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention consists in arranging steam engines in the
following manner :-
Two steam cylinders are placed horizontally and opposite to each other with
their axes at right angles to the main shaft of the engine, in each of these
cylinders there is a piston, and these two pistons are connected together; if
the steam is applied so as to act on both sides of the piston rods passing
through, stuffing boxes must be employed for this purpose, but I prefer to
apply the steam to act on one side only of each of the pistons, and in this case
the cylinders, being open at the top, a connecting frame may be employed.
Between the two rods or in the centre of the frame between the two pistons
there is formed a vertical slot or opening as in donkey engines heretofore
constructed, and through this slot or opening a bar passes; at one end of this
bar a ball is formed, which is carried by a socket bearing on a standard rising
from the frame, the other end of this bar fits into a socket formed in the face
of a disc fixed on the end of the main shaft. The cylinders may be applied to

page_text: act on the bar either half-way between its stationary bearing and its bearing in
the disc, or at any other point as may be most convenient. In some cases,
in place of giving motion to the bar by stationary cylinders as before explained,
I employ oscillating cylinders for the purpose.
In order to support the screw shafts of steam vessels, in addition to the
bearings now ordinarily employed, I apply a friction pulley having its axis at
right angles to the shaft which the pulley is to support. On the periphery of
the pulley the shaft rests, and at this point a screw thread is cut on the shaft or
on an enlargement of brass cast on it, and there are screw teeth formed on the
edge of the bearing pulley, so that this, when the engine is at work, constantly
rotates, and as it is partially immersed in a vessel of oil it constantly brings up
fresh oil to lubricate the bearing surface.
MAKING BULLET CARTRIDGES OF ONE CONTINUOUS PIECE OF METAL
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Redford at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th March
1858.
I, GEORGE REDFORD, of Number Six, Hutton Street, Moss Side, Manchester,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "MAKING BULLET
CARTRIDGES OF ONE CONTINUOUS PIECE OF METAL," to be as follows:-
Pieces of metal composed of lead alloyed with tin, of a cylindrical form,
having a certain portion tubular and the remainder solid, are placed upon
nipples, and then brought successively under hollow punches, which are
made to shape the metal to the requisite thickness for the cartridge, and
stamp the bullet into the proper form.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAITING OR BRAIDING MACHINERY
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Boden and Thomas Cooper
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
20th November 1858.
We, HENRY BODEN, of Crescent Cottage, Cambridge Heath, Hackney, in
the County of Middlesex, Silk Manufacturer, and THOMAS COOPER, of Ann's
Place, Hackney Road, in the same County, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAITING OR BRAIDING
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of braiding or plaiting
machine, whereby novel and ornamental effects may be produced in the
manufacture of braided or plaited fabrics. Instead of fixing the machine as
at present, and giving motion only to the spindles through the rotation of the
roses or driving discs, we propose to rotate the whole of the machine, and
thereby (the work being at the same time held stationary) to obtain an
ornamental effect not hitherto produced by such class of machinery. In order
to introduce ornamental ribs into round plaited fabrics we propose to make
the central spindles or carriers hollow, and to lead up through them cords
which will be braided into the fabric, and give the effect of the fabric having
been braided on to a ribbed mould.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SAW BACKS
Year: 1858

page_text: the application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Evans at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th August
1858.
I, WILLIAM EVANS, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer Tool
Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SAW BACKS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved method of manufacturing saw backs
and other similar articles, whereby they can be produced with greatly increased
facility, and at a considerable reduction of expense. Hitherto these articles
have been partly made by a fly screw press, and completed by manual labour..
According to my Invention I make use of a draw bench, which is well known
amongst mechanics, and, in conjunction with it, a die of a peculiar formation,
through which the material of which the saw back is formed is forced to pass
by being attached to the draw bench. This die is so shaped, that at the side
where the metal enters it is sufficiently large to admit it in its unbent state,
whilst at the opposite end it is gradually contracted to the dimensions of the
saw back in its complete form. This die may be made either solid, or in two
or more pieces, in order to afford means of adjustment by means of regulating
screws, or the die may be made in the form of a pair of tongs, so as to open
and close with facility and readiness.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN COPYING APPARATUS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Jean De Winton De
Winton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 7th January 1858.-A communication from Henry
Genhart, of Liege, in Belgium.
I, GEORGE JEAN DE WINTON DE WINTON, of the Junior United Service
Club, of Charles Street, Saint James', Westminster, in the County of Middle-
sex, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN COPYING APPARATUS," communicated to me by Henry Genhart, of
Liege, in Belgium, a foreigner residing abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of two or more rollers (two being preferred) con-
nected to one end of a system of levers of the character known as the "lazy
tongs" arrangement, the other end of such system of levers having a strap or
band secured thereto, which may be passed under the foot or hooked on to
a nail or hook so as to cause the elongation of the system of levers (when
held firm at the roller end thereof), and consequently bring the rollers close
together, so that a book or case containing the copying paper, &c., with
letters, &c., to be copied being placed between the rollers & pulled through
them, will copy whatever may be submitted to the operation. The book to
be used should be provided with handles to facilitate its being pulled through
the rollers, and I prefer that the leaves of the book should be made of
copying paper, which does not require damping. The above is a description
of the nature of the Invention, which might, however, be varied in its details.