Improvements in Mantles for Incandescent Light.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left 4th Mar.. 1896-Accepted, 4th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Mantles for Incandescent Light.
I, SAMUEL HENRY CROCKER, Engineer, of 31 Furnival Street, London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a preparation composed of refractory substances for
making mantles or hoods for producing incandescent light.
This composition consists of oxide of thorium in combination with a very small
proportion of the oxides of certain other rare metals, such as ytterbium, scandium,
thulium or decippium.
It is well known that a hood or mantle made of thorium oxide alone gives off
but little light, and forms also a rigid mantle. It has been found that by adding a
small proportion of the oxides of the rare metals above stated that an improved
light is obtained and the mantle is moreover flexible allowing a better shape to be
given thereto.
In order to manufacture a hood or mantle according to this invention, nitrate of
thorium in the purest possible state is dissolved in water and to this is added a
small proportion of a solution of nitrate of one or more of the metals above
mentioned. A hood or mantle of textile material is soaked in, and impregnated
with this solution and after drying the organic matter is removed by burning when
a reticulated skeleton of the oxides used will be left, which when heated over an
atmospheric burner gives out a bright light.
A suitable admixture of the components before referred to may be effected
either by mixing the oxides directly or preferably by mixing the salts (say nitrates,
acetates, sulphates, or any other salts which will give oxides by heating to a high
temperature) of the said substances together, and then converting such mixture
into oxides by heating.
Dashi 19th day of Octuber 1895.
Improvements in Mantles for Incandescent Light.
1, SAMUEL HENRY CROCKER of 31, Furnival Street, London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to a composition of refractory substances for use in
producing incandescent light when made up into hoods, mantles, or equivalent
forms suitable for the purpose.
This composition consists of oxide of thorium in combination with a very small
proportion of the oxides of one or more of the following metals, ytterbium, scandium,
thulium.
It is well known that a hood or mantle made of thorium alone gives off but little
light, and forms also a rigid mantle. It has been found that by adding a small
proportion of the oxides of the rare metals above stated that an improved light is
obtained, and the mantle is moreover flexible allowing a better shape to be given.

page_text: I inay manufacture the hood or mantle in the manner described in the Specifica-
tion of my Patent No. 15,246 of 1895 viz., a sheet of cellulose material is saturated
and soaked in this solution and afterwards perforated and a mantle made therefrom,
after which the organic matter is removed by burning in the usual way, or 1 may
make iny new combination of substances up into a hood or mantle in the ordinary
way, iz, a hood or mantle of textile material is soaked in, and impregnated with
this solution, and after drying, the organic matter is removed by burning, when a
reticulated skeletion of the oxides used will be left, and when heated over an
atmospheric burner gives out a bright light.
A suitable admixture of the components before referred to may be effected by
mixing the oxides directly, the rare oxide or oxides forming about. 1% to 2% or
thereabouts and the oxide of thorium the remainder.
I prefer however to mix together nitrates, acetates or sulphates (or any other
salts of the metals which will give oxides when heated to a high temperature) and
then convert the mixture into oxides by heating.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
(1) The combination for producing incandescent light of oxide of thorium and
oxide of scandium substantially as described.
(2) The combination for producing incandescent light of oxide of thorium and
oxide of ytterbium, substantially as described.
(3) The combination for producing incandescent light of oxide of thorium and
oxide of thulium, substantially as described.
(4) The combination for producing incandescent light of oxide of thorium and
two or more of the oxides of the metals before referred to.
Dated this 4th day of March 1896.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.