Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Aug, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 28th Sept., 1888
[Communicated from abroad by Messrs. RUDOLPH HOEPP AND Co., of Oestrich,
Rheinigen, in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturers.]
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the use of chromium-fluoride, chromiumoxifluoride, and
the double salts of chromium fluoride hereinafter mentioned, in the place of the
chromium preparations now used, in the dyeing and printing of fabrics, that is to say
in the place of chromium chloride, chromium sulphate chromium rhodanates, copper
chromate chromium chlorate, the alkali chromates and bichromates, but in particular
they are intended to replace chromium acetate, and chromium nitrate in printing
fabrics, and chrome alum, potassium chromate, sodium chromate, potassium bichromate,
and sodium bichromate and chromic acid in wool dyeing.
Under the term chromium oxy fluorides are to be understood the combinations
of chromium fluoride with chromium oxide (the so called basic chromium fluorides)
and render the double salts of chromium fluoride, the combinations of chromium
fluoride with potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride and ammonium fluoride; also with
sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride; also with potassium
sulphate, sodium sulphate and ammonium sulphate; also with potassium nitrate,
sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, also with potassium sulphite, sodium sulphite
and ammonium sulphite, and generally all those double compounds in which chromium
fluoride forms the one, and one of the above named alkali salts forms the other
component.
The process, when employing chromium fluoride and compounds containing the
same, is otherwise the same as with the ordinary chromium mordant for which these

page_text: substances are substitutes, and the proportions in which the said substituted bodies
are used are determined by the per centage of chromium oxide contained therein.
The advantage obtained by the use of chromium fluoride in dyeing and printing
arises more particularly from the fact that chromium oxide is very easily separated
from a solution thereof under heating and that consequently the chromium fluoride is
particularly suited for conveying chromium oxide to animal and vegetable fibres. The
chromium fluoride is therefore in this respect similar to chromium acetate.
The hydrofluoric acid given off during the separation of the chromic oxide has no
prejudicial effect upon the tint to be produced or upon the fibre. Hydrofluoric acid
may also be very cheaply produced and consequently chromium fluoride and its double
salts can be used at a less cost than most of the chromium mordants now used.
Dated this 21st day of December 1887.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Use of Chromium Compounds in Dyeing and
Printing.
1, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, and Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the use of chromium fluoride, chromiumoxifluoride, and.
the double salts of chromium fluoride hereinafter mentioned, in the place of the
chromium preparations now used in the dyeing and printing of fabrics, that is to
say, in the place of chromium chloride, chromium sulphate, chromium rhodanates,
copper chromate, chromium chlorate, the alkali chromates and bichromates, but in
particular they are intended to replace chromium acetate, and chromium nitrate in
printing fabrics, and chrome-alum, potassium chromate, sodium chromate, potassium
bichromate, and sodium bichromate, and chromic acid in wool dyeing.
Under the term chromium oxy-fluorides are to be understood the combinations of
chromium fluoride with chromium oxide (the so called basic chromium fluorides)
and under the double salts of chromium fluoride, the combinations of chromium
fluoride with potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride and ammonium fluoride; also with
sodium chloride, potassium chloride and ammonium chloride; also with potassium
sulphate, sodium sulphate and ammonium sulphate; also with potassium nitrate,
sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, also with potassium sulphite, sodium sulphite
and ammonium sulphite, and generally all those double compounds in which chromium
fluoride forms the one, and one of the above named alkali salts forms the other
component.
The process, when employing chromium fluoride and compounds containing the
same, is otherwise the same as with the ordinary chromium mordant for which these
substances are substitutes, and the proportions in which the said substituted bodies are
used are determined by the per centage of chromium oxide contained therein.
The advantage obtained by the use of chromium fluoride in dyeing and printing
arises more particularly from the fact that chromium oxide is very easily separated
from a solution thereof under heating, and that consequently the chromium fluoride
is particularly suited for conveying chromium oxide to animal and vegetable fibres.
The chromium fluoride is therefore in this respect similar to chromium acetate. Tho
hydro-fluoric acid given off during the separation of the chromic oxide has no
prejudicial effect upon the tint to be produced or upon the fibre. Hydrofluoric acid
may also be very cheaply produced and consequently chromicfluoride and its double
salis can be used at a less cost than most of the chromium mordants now used.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The use in dyeing and printing for fixing chromium oxide on vegetable and animal
fibre, of chromium fluoride, chromium oxifluoride, and the double salts of chromium
fluoride, such as:-
Chromium fluoride with potassium fluoride.
Chromium fluoride with sodium fluoride.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium fluoride.
Chromium fluoride with potassium chloride.
Chromium fluoride with sodium chloride.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium chloride.
Chromium fluoride with potassium nitrate.
Chromium fluoride with sodium nitrate.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium nitrate.
Chromium fluoride with potassium sulphite.
Chromium fluoride with sodium sulphite.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium sulphite.
Daith 15th
1000
Having now particularly described and as
tion and in what manner the same is to
claim is
The use in dyeing and printing for fixing ch
fibre, of chromium fluoride, chromium oxifluor
fluoride, such as:-
Chromium fluoride with potassium fluoride.
Chromium fluoride with sodium fluoride.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium fluoride.
Chromium fluoride with potassium chloride.
Chromium fluoride with sodium chloride.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium chloride.
Chromium fluoride with potassium nitrate.
Chromium fluoride with sodium nitrate.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium nitrate.
Chromium fluoride with potassium sulphite.
Chromium fluoride with sodium sulphite.
Chromium fluoride with ammonium sulphite.
Dalth: 15th Istment
000