IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING VEGETABLE FIBROUS SUBSTANCES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER.
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen, of Park Road,
New Peckham, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING VEGETABLE FIBROUS SUBSTANCES IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER.".
Sealed the 14th May 1861, and dated the 16th November 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Mathias Antony Joseph
Dahmen at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 16th November 1860.
I, MATHIAS ANTONY JOSEPH DAHMEN, of Park Road, New Peckham, in
the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING VEGETABLE FIBROUS SUBSTANCES IN-
THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating vegetable fibrous
substances in the manufacture of paper. For these purposes, tow, the waste
of flax, hemp, and other vegetable fibrous substances are steeped in cold
liquids, which are caused to ferment for some hours. The fibrous substance
is then removed, and is placed in an open vessel in water, together with suffi-
cient soap and soda or potash to cleanse the fibres by boiling; the fibrous
substance having been thus boiled and cleansed, is then immersed in a
solution of caustio-alkali, preferring soda, for some hours, after which the
fibrous substance is to be thoroughly washed in clean water. The fibrous
substance is then converted into pulp in the ordinary manner..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th May 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MATHIAS
ANTONY JOSEPH DAHMEN, of Park Road, New Peckham, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen, Her special licence that I,
the said Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING
VEGETABLE FIBROUS SUBSTANCES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should 'particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating vegetable fibrous
substances in the manufacture of paper. For these purposes, tow, the waste
of flax, hemp, and other vegetable fibrous substances are steeped in cold
liquids, which are caused to ferment for some hours. The fibrous substance
is then removed, and is placed in an open vessel in water, together with suf-
ficient soap and soda or potash to cleanse the fibres by boiling. The fibrous
substance having been thus boiled and cleansed, is then immersed in a solution
of caustic alkali, preferring soda, for some hours, after which the fibrous sub-

page_text: stance is to be thoroughly washed in clean water. The fibrous substance is
then converted into pulp in the ordinary manner.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same. The fibrous materials
are first soaked in water (sufficient to cover them) for about three days, when
yeast or suitable ferment is to be applied, and the temperature of the liquor
is to be raised and maintained in order to keep the same at the most favourable
temperature for fermentation, which is to be continued for some hours, gene-
rally about six hours. The fibrous materials are then to be well washed in
water, after which the fibrous materials are to be boiled in an alkaline solution
with or without soap. If it is intended to make the finer clases of paper,
then it is preferred to use soap in the alkaline solution, and at the rate of
about 15 lbs. of curd soap for each 5 cwt. of the fibrous materials treated.
The alkaline solution (preferring soda) is prepared as follows:-15 lbs. car-
bonate of soda of commerce and two bushels of lime with sufficient water to
cover 5 cwt. of the fibrous material when placed in a suitable vessel. The
boiling is to be continued for about three to four hours, after which the fibres
are to be again well washed, which may be conveniently done in a paper
engine, and then again subjected to an alkaline solution with chloride of lime,
by which the fibres are bleached, and after washing the fibres, they are beaten
in an engine, and thus converted into pulp in the ordinary manner. The
alkaline and bleaching liquid preferred is composed at the rate of one pound
of soda to one pound of chloride of lime to each 3 gallons of water, in which
the fibrous materials are soaked for about 48 hours, when the fibres are to be
again washed as above stated; they are then made into pulp as before
stated.
up
The peculiarity of the Invention consists in subjecting the fibrous materials
to fermentation after soaking them in water, then boiling the fibres in an
alkaline solution with or without soap, and then after washing again sub-
jecting the fibres to the action of an alkaline solution, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Mathias Antony Joseph Dahmen, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
M. A. J. DAHMEN. (L.S.)