Improvements in and relating to the Raising and Lowering of Window Sashes, and to Draught and Dust Excluders for the same.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 17th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov.,
1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Raising and Lowering of
Window Sashes, and to Draught and Dust Excluders for the
same.
JOHN LAKIN Engineer 27 Peel Street Middlesbrough Yorkshire CHARLES
JOHNSON Master Mariner 6 Nelson Terrace Coathain Redcar Yorkshire do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
The window frame is made in the ordinary way, the window is raised and lowered
by a lever connected with cords & weight attached to the window. To the lever
is connected a handle or knob, which works in a groove on the inside part of the
frame that contains the window when it is down.
As a means of preventing dust and draught there is added to the frame, and
overlapping the opening into which the window slides, a hinged shutter which
accommodates itself to any position the window may be in. The window being
evenly balanced by the weight can be left at any point required.
The invention can be made of all metal or wood and metal combined.
Dated this 20th day of June 1894.
CHARLES JOHNSON.
JOHN LAKIN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Raising and Lowering of
Window Sashes, and to Draught and Dust Excluders for the
same.
We, JOHN LAKIN, Engineer, of No. 6, Nelson Terrace, Coatham, Redcar, and
CHARLES JOHNSON, Master Mariner, of 27, Peel Street, Middlesbrough, both in
the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our said invention relates more particularly to road and railway carriage windows,
but it is also applicable to house and other windows, and the object of the invention
is to enable the sash to be raised or lowered or fixed in any position by simply
traversing a knob or handle a comparatively short distance and with little exertion
notwithstanding the weight of the sash.
In carrying the invention into effect, the frame of the window or door is
constructed in the ordinary manner but the sash is counterbalanced by a vertically
sliding weight located in the casing beneath the window and connected by cords
or chains passing around guide pulleys with the lower end of the sash.
Within the casing beneath the sash, and mounted upon an axis of motion is a
lever, which at its upper end is furnished with a handle which projects through a
curved slot in the casing by the aid of which the lever may be turned upon
its axis.
The lower end of the lever is furnished with two guide pulleys around each of
which passes a cord or chain, and one cord is at one end fixed to one side of the
frame or casing and thence passes round one of the pulleys to the lever, thence

page_text: Figure 1. is an inside elevation of a carriage door having the present invention
applied thereto, and showing the window sash partly raised.
Figure 2. is an edge view thereof.
Figure 3. is a similar view to Figure 1. but showing the window completely
lowered and part of the casing removed in order to expose some of the parts.
Figure 4. is a vertical section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 3, and,
Figure 5. is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 3.
Figure 6. is a similar view to Figure 3. but showing the window sash completely
raise and the inside panel of the casing together with the draught excluder
completely removed in order to expose the parts.
Figure 7. represents a portion of Figure 4. drawn to an enlarged scale, and,
Figure 8. represents a portion of Figure 3. drawn to an enlarged senle but with
the panel of the casing completely removed.
In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
a. represents the door frame which is of ordinary construction and b. represents
the sash which is counterbalanced by a vertically sliding weight 6' located within
the casing a' beneath the window and connected with the lower end of the sash b.
by means of cords or chains & passing around guide pulleys a' a² carried by the
frame a. immediately beneath the window opening the weight being so arranged
as to counterbalance the weight of the sush b.
Within the casing a' beneath the sash b. and mounted upon an axis of motion cl
is a lever e. which at its upper end is furnished with a handle which projects
through a curved slot a in the easing a' and by the aid of which handle the
levere may be turned upon its axis e' the extent of its traverse being limited by
the slot aand in order to guide the lever in its traverse to the upper end thereof
are pivotally connected two quadrants which slide in brackets carried by the
panel of the casing a' which is preferably formed of metal.

page_text: The lower end of the lever c. is furnished with two guide pulleys ³ mounted.
upon independent links pivotally connected with the lower end of the lever c.
Around one of the pulleys & passes a cord or chain d. whilst around the other
pulley passes a cord or chain d and the cord or chain d. is at one end fixed at di
to one side of the casing a¹ and thence passes around one of the pulleys c of the
lever c,
thence around a guide pulley mounted in a bracket on the frame a. at
the side of the casing a' thence around a guide pulley about the centre of the
casing, thence up to the underside of the window sash b. to which the cord d. is
fixed at b*.
of
A second cord or chain d* is at one end fixed to the other side of the frame a.
within the casing a' at d¹ and thence passes around one of the guide pulleys
the lever, thence around a guide pulley d", thence under a guide pulley d³,
about the centre of the casing a. and then up to the underside of the weight b¹ to
which it is fixed at b¹*.
By this arrangement of parts upon traversing the lever handle c² in one direction,
say to the left, the cord de connected with the bottom of the weight & will exert a
downward pull upon the same and through the cords 6 connected with the upper
part of the weight and the bottom of the sash b. will more or less raise the latter
according to the traverse of the lever c. whilst by traversing the lever c. in the
opposite direction the other cord or chain d. will pull down upon the bottom of
the sash b. thus opening the window and at the same time raising the weight 6.
By reason of the sash being counterbalanced it may be raised or lowered into
any position and thus will be securely held whilst for the same reason this operation
may be effected with trifling exertion.
In order to exclude dust and draught, a batten or shutter e. is at el hinged by
its lower edge to the upper part of the casing a' of the door and at the lower end
of the window opening and this shutter e. is by means of a light spring e' held at
its upper edge against the window sash b. india-rubber or other anti-friction
rollers e carried by the batten or shutter e. bearing upon the frame of the sash b.
and preventing injury thereto whilst in order to limit the movement of the batten
or shutter e. a cranked stay rod e is at its upper end pin-jointe: to the underside of
the batten or shutter e. and at its lower end passes through a guide e* whilst at its
lower extremity it is flanged or turned up at e** so as to come against the guide e**
and form the necessary stop.
In the case of a sash which is entirely received into a casing in its lowered
position the shutter may be caused to completely overlap and close the opening.
Although the invention is shown and described in connection with a carriage
door, it will be understood that it is equally applicable to ships or vessels whilst it
is also applicable to house windows, but, in this case, it would be necessary to
provide a lever and weight and co-acting parts in connection with each sash in
order to enable the same to be independently operated.
The casing in this case might be built in the wall beneath the window or it might
take au ornamental form and be fixed to the exterior thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is-
1. The combination of a counterbalanced window sash and a lever mounted upon
an axis of motion and flexible connections from the lever to the counterbalance
weight so arranged that by turning the lever upon its axis the sash can be raised or
lowered, substantially as herein shown and described.
2. The combination of a window sash, a weight for counterbalancing the sash, a
lever mounted upon an axis of motion, and provided with a handle working in a slot
in a casing and flexible connections from the lever to the sash and weight so
arranged that by turning the lever upon its axis the sash can be raised or lowered,
substantially as herein shown and described.

page_text: 3. The combination with a window sash arranged to slide into a casing, of a
draught and dust excluder consisting of a hinged shutter adapted to accommodate
itself to the position of the sash, and, in the case of a sash sliding into an opening,
to overlap the same, substantially as herein showu and described.
Dated this 16th day of October 1894.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.