IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR BALANCING SECURING AND FASTENING SLIDING WINDOW-SASHES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Benjamin Adams and John Telford both of the
City of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR BALANCING SECURING AND
FASTENING SLIDING WINDOW-SASHES?”
7.
I
,)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Benjamin Adams
-
and John Telford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, on the
2nd March 1883.
ப
JOSEPH BENJAMIN ADAMS and JOHN TELFORD, both of the City of Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR
BALANCING, SECURING AND FASTENING SLIDING WINDOW SASHES
"
Our Invention has for its object an improved means of and apparatus for
balancing, securing and fastening sliding window sashes, that is to say, it provides
for balancing the window sash, in raising and lowering, so that the window sash -
will remain in any position in which it may be placed. It also provides for
securing and fastening window. sashes, that is to say the window sash, or sashes
can be secured and locked in any open position, or they can be fastened' and
locked when closed.
L
J
The following is a description of our Invention reference being had to the
annexed sheet of Drawings and to figures of reference marked thereon.
In the Drawings
Figure 1 is a sectional plan of window sashes fitted with an apparatus
according to our Invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the window sashes and apparatus shown at
Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a detail of the fastening and locking apparatus.
Reference to the Drawings
D
L
▲ 1
1 D1

page_text: are the respective meeting rails of the sashes A and B C are the side stiles of the
window sashes commonly known as the pulley stiles.
•
Our Invention consists in providing the sides of the sashes A and B with the
toothed racks D D' on the upper sash and E E¹ on the lower sash. These toothed
racks are made of any suitable metal such as cast, or malleable cast iron, or of
brass. The toothed racks D D¹ and E E¹ gear into the respective toothed
pinions F F and H H. These pinions F F¹ and H H run loose on their respective
spindles a band are set in the window styles in the manner shown in the
Drawings. As the means for balancing the window sashes and in lieu of what are
commonly known as sash weights, cords, and pulleys, we provide the weights J. K.
These weights by our Invention are required an one side of the window sashes
only J is the weight which balances the sash A and K is the weight which
balances the sash B. The weights J. K are provided with the toothed racks J¹ K¹
and are arranged to slide in the stile space Ċ by the provisions e taking into the
vertical slots h on the guard board L. The connection between the balance
weights J. K and the window sashes A B is, it will be seen, effected through the
toothed pinions F H namely the pinion F gears into the rack D on the sash A and
into rack J of the balance weight J, thus the balance weight J acts as a
counterpoise against the weight of the isash A and holds the sash A in whatever
position it may be. In like manner the pinion H gears into the rack E on the
sash B and into the rack K' of the balance weight K. Thus the balance weight K
acts as a counterpoise against the weight of the sash B and holds the sash B in
whatever position it may be It will thus be seen that the sashes A and B are
free to raise and lower and at the same time are held suspended by the action of
the balance weights J. K. The sashes are prevented from binding between the
stiles by the racks D, and E' and the pinions F H as, will be understood.
brin
The securing and fastening of the sliding sashes A and B is effected according
to our Invention by the use of the key such as M, or equivalent device, the wards
of which take into the teeth of the pinions F¹ H' as shown in detail at Figure 4.
By the means of this device the pinions F¹ H' can be locked at any position in
which the sashes A and B may be placed, for example if the sash A is open, it can
be locked in that open position, or if the sash B is open it can be locked in that
open position. or if both sashes A and B are open they can be locked in that open
position. In like manner the sashes A and B can be locked together when closed.
It will be seen that the locking and unlocking is effected by inserting, or with-
drawing the wards of the key M into, or from the teeth of the pinions F H¹. It
will be evident that the key M can also be applied to the pinions F H instead of
to the pinions F¹ H¹..
..
The advantages attendant upon our Invention are an efficient balancing of
window sashes by balance weights on one side only, avoiding the use of sash cords.
and pulley, afording a means whereby the window sashes can be opened at the
top and bottom or opened at the top, or the bottom and at the same time be
locked securely in such open position and safe from being tampered with from the
outside. Thus a means is provided whereby windows can be opened for ventilation
and are, at the same time, secure. Our Invention also provides a secure fastening
for the sashes when closed.

page_text: acts as a counterpoise against the weight of the sash A and holds the sash A in
whatever position it may be. In like manner the pinion H gears into the rack E
on the sash B and into the rack K¹ of the balance weight K. Thus the balance
weight K acts as a counterpoise against the weight of the sash B and holds the
Bash B in whatever position it may be It will thus be seen that the sashes A and
Bare free to raise and lower and at the same time are held suspended by the
action of the balance weights J. K. The sashes are prevented from. binding
between the stiles by the racks D¹ and E¹ and the pinions F¹H as will be
understood..
The securing and fastening of the sliding sashes A and B is effected according
to this Invention by the use of keys such as M, or equivalent devices, the wards
of which take into the teeth of the pinions F¹ H¹ as shown in detail at
Figures 3. 4. 5 and 6. By the means of this device the pinions F¹ H¹ can be
locked at any position in which the sashes A and B may be placed, for example
if the sash A is open it can be locked in that open position, or if the sash B
is open, it can be locked in that open position, or if both sashes A and B are open,
they can be locked in that open position. In like manner the sashes A and B can
be locked together when closed.
:
The cords (shown at Figures 2 and 3) a b are attached to the keys M for the
purpose of operating them, when a sash is required to be kept unlocked, the cord
is kept down, and fastened by a hook, or equivalent device
In Figure 6 it will be seen that the locking and unlocking is effected by
inserting, or withdrawing the wards of the key M into, or from the teeth of the
pinions FH. It will be evident that the key M can also be applied to the
pinions FH instead of to the pinions F¹ H¹
In lieu of using the racks and pinions shown at Figures 1 and 2 on the
unweighted side, we may use the slides D' E¹ and rollers F' H' as shown at
Figures 7 and 8.
→
The object of a device such as shown at Figures 1. 2. 7 and 8 on the
unweighted side of the window is simply to keep the sashes in position and
from binding whilst the weights on the other side of the window balance the
whole weight of the sashes.
The advantages attendant upon this Invention are an efficient balancing of
window. sashes by balance weights on one side only, avoiding the use of sash
cords and pulleys, affording a means whereby the window sashes can be opened
at the top and bottom, or opened at the top, or the bottom and at the same time
be locked securely in such open position and safe from being tampered with from
the outside. Thus a means is provided whereby windows can be opened for
ventilation and are at the same time secure. This Invention also provides a
secure fastening for the sashes when closed.
Having now described our Invention and shown how the same may be put into
practice, what we claim as the Invention secured to us by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is
First In sliding window sashes in which racks and pinions are employed, the
mode substantially herein described of hanging and operating such window sashes,
which mode consists of balancing window sashes by a weight on one side and a
holding-up device, to prevent binding, on the other side, the balance weight being
applied to the window sash by means of racks and a pinion substantially as herein
.set forth and as shown in reference to Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7 and 8 of the
Drawings hereto annexed.
D
Second Locking window sashes supported by hangings of the type herein
described, by means of a key such as M (Figures 3 and 6) applied substantially as
herein described and shown in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Third The construction and arrangement of pinion holder and weight guide-
bracket h and key M substantially as herein described and shown in reference to
Figures 3. 4 and 5 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fourth The use of a rack and pinion to prevent binding in connection with

page_text: window sashes, balanced on one side only substantially as herein described and
shown in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fifth The use of a slide and roller to prevent binding in connection with
window sashes balanced on one side only substantially as herein described and
shown in the Drawings bereto annexed.
In Witness whereof, we the said Joseph Benjamin Adams and John Telford
have hereunto set our hands and seals this Twenty seventh day of August,
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
JOSEPH BENJAMIN (L.S.) ADAMS
JOHN (L.S.) TELFORD