matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING BATHS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Darby at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th August 1882.
HENRY DARBY of Caledonian Road in the County of Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING BATHS
"
The method at present employed for heating baths by gas causes the rapid
destruction of the bottom of the bath and one of the objects of my improvements
is so to arrange the gas heating apparatus as to avoid all injury to the bath
For this purpose below the end of the bath advantageously near to the head a
chamber is formed by a metal casing connected to the bottom of the bath. Within
this casing a series of 4 or other number of flat hollow metal vessels or water
chambers (advantageously made of copper) are arranged connected together by
means of short tubes.
The upper vessel or water chamber of the series is connected by a pipe and union
joint with the water near the bottom of the bath whilst the lower vessel or water
chamber is connected by a pipe and union joint with a small chamber below the
foot end of the bath to which the discharge pipe is also connected.
By this arrangement the water in the bath can circulate when heat is applied
from the foot through the series of circulating vessels at the head into the bath
A ring gas burner as ordinarily used is arranged below the series of water
circulating vessels within the casing and another part of my improvements consists
in mounting the gas burner so that it will move out of the casing either to the right
or left hand
The lower circulating vessel is connected by pipes with a water chamber on the
floor below the gas burner so as to protect the Hoor from the radiated heat of the
gas burner
The heat and products of combustion from the gas burner are allowed to escape
under the bottom of the bath the moulding or it may be a screen around the under
edge of the bath serving to confine and concentrate the heated air under the bottom
before it is dispersed

page_text: The circulating vessels can be readily removed from the casing for repair or
otherwise by disconnecting the union joints which connect the apparatus with
the bath.
The foot end of the bath is supported by a bracket or bearing attached thereto.
It will be evident that the form and arrangement of the circulating chambers and
heating apparatus may be varied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRACES SAME BEING APPLICABLE AS A LIGATURE OR BANDAGE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lorentz Albert Groth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by Carl Vorberg Partner of Franz Clouth, Rheinische
Gummiwaaren Fabrik, Vorstadt Nippes at Cologne in the German Empire.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH K.G.V. Civil Engineer and Proprietor of the
Scandinavian Patent Office, under the Firm of L. A Groth & Co. 97 Finsbury
Pavement London E.C. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRACES SAME BEING APPLICABLE AS
A LIGATURE OR BANDAGE." A communication from abroad by Carl Vorberg
Partner of Franz Clouth, Rheinische Gummiwaaren Fabrik, Vorstadt Nippes, at
Cologne, in the German Empire.
The object of the Invention is a blood staunching apparatus which may be
used as a bandage for wounds or to prevent the loss of blood and may also be worn
as braces or suspenders or as a waist belt etcetera.
These blood staunching apparatuses are formed of a piece of belt (made partially
or wholly of india-rubber threads) or of several pieces of suitable lengths which
are however slightly separated from one another and in that case possess
arrangements (books, eyes, elcetera) which cause them to serve the purpose of
bandages only.
The construction of such a blood staunching apparatus of a single longth of
material is as follows,
A long belt is furnished at suitable distances from its ends, with a number of
eyes or holes placed one behind the other. Each end is hemmed round and bound
and receives a hook which after being pushed with its end of the helt through a
ring or square furnished with peculiar leather buttoning tongues are hooked into
the before mentioned holes, and if a similar ring with a buttoning tongue attached
thereto has previously been pushed on to the middle of the belt the whole forms a
pair of braces or suspenders.
If now a man wearing this blood staunching apparatus arranged in the form of
braces should be wounded in the hand, the arm, or the leg, and it is known that this
kind of blood staunching apparatus is universally worn a doctor or other person has
immediately at hand an excellent bandage with which the blood may be staunched.
For this purpose the braces are loosened, the ends unhooked, the three rings with

page_text: the buttoning tongues removed, and an elastic bandage remains which is capable of
rendering instantly material service inasmuch as when passed round the limb it
may be drawn tight directly and fastened by means of the aforesaid hooks and
eyes or holes, so that the operation of bandaging is materially facilitated.
The bleeding ceases immediately by the united tightening of the bandage and an 5
amputation may even be performed without loss of blood.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR CONNECTING BUTTONS AND OTHER ATTACHMENTS TO GLOVES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bancroft Espeut at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd August 1882.
WILLIAM BANCROFT ESPEUT of 26 Cambridge Street Hyde Park in the County
of Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR CONNECTING BUTTONS AND
OTHER ATTACHMENTS TO GLOVES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF DRESS "
This Invention has for its object improvements in fastenings for connecting
buttons and other attachments to gloves and other articles of dress.
I employ for this purpose a fastening consisting of a disc of metal in which two
cuts are made, parallel to and equidistant from a diameter. These cuts extend
beyond the centre of the disc; the tongue of metal which is included between them
is down away from the disc and is then again bent at a distance from the root
parallel to the plane of the disc. The stem of the button is inserted through the
material or fabric to which the button is required to be attached, then the tongue
of the fastener is inserted through the hole or eye in the stem and the tongue is
flattened down towards the disc. The tongue of the fastening cannot afterwards
escape froin the stem of the button and the button is consequently securely held.
Dress hooks and eyes, when made with stems similar to those of glove buttons, may
be secured to garments by means of the same disc fastening. The disc fastening
is also applicable for the attachment of military ornaments upon garments.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR a
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1882. A communi-
cation from abroad by Leopold May of Ungarisch Ostra in the Empire of
Austria
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
SUGAR AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR a communication from abroad by Leopold
May of Ungarisch Ostra in the Empire of Austria
"
Hitherto sugar in small lumps, known under the name of cube sugar, has been
produced either by first sawing sugar-loaves into slabs, then cutting these slabs
into strips and finally splitting or Dipping these strips into pieces of the form of
cubes, prisms, or the like; or by producing flat cakes or plates of sugar and then
reducing their size in the manner above described or by producing strips of sugar
which had to be split or nipped to render them fit for the table.
The object of this invention is to provide means for producing directly from the
sugar liquor, sugar in the form of cubes, prisms, or any other desirable shape fit for
the table, which sugar after complete refining is ready for the market without
having to be further reduced in size in any manner, that is to say, without having
to be either sawn or nipped or otherwise split up.
For this purpose I use moulds which consist essentially in strips, preferably of
sheet metal, suitably stamped or otherwise formed and arranged side by side, but
it is evident that without departing from the nature of this invention the
construction of these moulds may be greatly modified.
In a claying or blanching apparatus, case, carriage or the like of any desirable
shape designed to receive the sugar liquor, I arrange in tiers or layers a number of
moulds filling the case and fitting close to each other. The building up of these
tiers of moulds is commenced from the bottom row, each consecutive tier, being
placed crosswise on the top of the previous one and so on until the whole case,
apparatus, carriage, or the like, is completely filled up to the top.
The case containing these moulds is then filled with sugar liquor in the same
way as the ordinary cones or loaf moulds for the manufacture of loaf sugar are
filled.

page_text: As soon as the liquor has properly crystallized in the moulds, the sugar is
blanched or liquored by any known process in use in the manufacture of loaf-sugar.
After the blanching, the sugar is taken out of the moulds and dried.
By arranging the tiers of moulds consecutively crosswise over each other the
single tiers of sugar can be easily separated from each other during the process of
taking the blanched sugar out of the moulds.
When the pieces of sugar to be formed are of large size, it is preferable to
arrange a sieve between the tiers of moulds as the tiers can then be inore readily
separated from each other, and this arrangement does not interfere with the
blanching. In this case it is not necessary to place the adjacent tiers crosswise or
at right angles to each other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVING TARGETS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Thomas Lander at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th January 1882.
STEPHEN THOMAS LANDER of Mere in the County of Wilts, Cabinet Maker.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVING TARGETS.
The improvements relate to apparatus intended more particularly to represent a
pigeon flying from a trap-and for this purpose consist of a trap with a movable
lid and two wires, one a supporting and the other a motor, on the former a metal
carriage is made to run and carries a glass ball filled with feathers paper or other
matter, said ball being covered with a paper or other image of a pigeon in such
manner that the ball forms the body thereof-the supporting wire is passed through
the trap and can be held in the hand at one end and moved to and fro upwards or
sideways and so the line of flight of the travelling pigeon is varied at pleasure-the
motor wire is passed round a pulley or gearing at one end with a counter weight
attached which serves to actuate the carriage, to bring the carriage back and pull
up the weight for the next flight a winding wheel and post is used or other con-
venient method-The carriage is formed of metal with a grooved wheel to travel
on the supporting wire, and said wheel is geared into a shaft or rocker with arms
which hold the wings of the pigeon and are so shaped that on the glass interior
body being broken by shot the bird is thrown off the rocker support and falls to
the ground and the feathers or other filling of the glass ball are scattered.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Percival Pointon Sykes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1882.
PERCIVAL POINTON SYKES of Diggle near Huddersfield in the County of
York, Aerated Water Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY SIGNALLING
APPARATUS."
The object of my Invention is the construction and arrangement of apparatus to
be employed for signalling on Railways and is specially adapted for foggy weather,
When the signals cannot be seen.
My improvements consists in the employment of a horizontal bar or rod, sup-
ported by and connected to two or other number of links or vertical arms which
are capable of moving upon their centres.
To the horizontal bar or rod is connected one end of a horizontal arm, the other
end of the said arm being connected by hinge-joint to a lever, the said lever being
attached to and actuated by the usual signal chain or rod for operating the signal
posts: When it is desired to use this form of apparatus, the lever is attached to
the signal chain or rod which operates it, in such inanner that the horizontal bar
or rod is raised sufficiently high that when an Engine arrives at the raised bar, a
vertical rod in connection with a series of suitably arranged levers is brought into
contact therewith and actuated in such manner as to sound a whistle or gong so
that the driver and guard may be made aware. When the engine has passed the
raised bar it is lowered again by a chain and weight. By the use of this form of
apparatus the usual fog signals are dispensed with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE METALLIC HANDLES OF SAD IRONS AND OTHER SMOOTHING IRONS, KETTLES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles James Gibbs and Arthur
Spooner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April
1882.
CHARLES JAMES GIBBS of Smethwick in the County of Stafford, Manufacturor
and ARTHUR SPOONER of West Bromwich in the County of Stafford Pie[r]cer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE METALLIC HANDLES OF SAD
IRONS AND OTHER SMOOTHING IRONS, KETTLES AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Our invention has reference to such metallic bandles of sad irons kettles and
other articles as are composed of a separate tubular grip or barrel to which grip or
barrel side pieces or legs are connected and our said invention consists of the
improvements hereinafter described in connecting together the said tubular grip
or barrel and side pieces or legs. We make the tubular grip or barrel from an
oblong or rectangular plate or blank of sheet iron having near the end of each
shorter side, a middle hole or piercing and a pair of side slots the said side slots
being open at the longer edges of the blank. When the blank thus pierced is
bent or shaped by dies and pressure into the tubular grip or barrel each pair of
side slots described meet at the longitudinal junction of the said grip and form on
the underside of the grip and near each end thereof a long opening or slot of a
size and shape suitable to receive the upper end of the side piece or leg of the
handle. The middle holes described are situated at the upper side of the grip and
opposite the underslots or openings. We form that end of each side piece or leg
of the handle which is to be connected to the grip, of less width than the other
part, the reduced end joining the other part by shoulders. At the extreme end of
the reduced part of the leg and at the middle thereof is a projection or stud of a
size suitable to take into the hole at the upper side of the grip.
In connecting the side piece or leg to the tubular grip or barrel, the reduced
end of the side piece or leg is passed from the underside of the said grip through
the long slot or opening until its shoulders seat themselves against the underside
of the grip and the extreme end or stud of the leg enters and projects from the
upper hole in the grip. By rivetting or expanding the said projecting end or stud
.....מ

page_text: of the leg outside the grip the said leg is securely fixed to the grip, the grip being
hold with great firmness between the shoulders on the leg on which it seats itself
and the rivetted end or stem of the leg. The two side pieces or legs are thus
secured to the grip near its ends and as the reduced upper parts of the legs are
of less width than the tubular grip the ends of the grip are left partly open for the 5
circulation of air through it for keeping it cool.
IMPROVED GATE LATCH OR LOCKING DEVICE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Lee Junior at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1882.
RICHARD LEE Junior, of Cobham, in the County of Surrey, Engineer.
IMPROVED GATE LATCH OR LOCKING DEVICE."
"AN
My Invention relates to an improved construction of latch or locking device
for gates of fields or other enclosures, whereby the unlocking of the gate by cattle
or other animals is prevented.
I I propose to fix to the gate post a box or frame carrying a wheel having upon
its periphery one or more inclined planes or teeth a slot or slots to receive a finger
or projection upon the gate and also a slot to receive a vertical locking bolt moving
in the said box or frame.
I propose to fix the toothed wheel upon a pin or axle supported by the box or frame
and to provide the vertical locking bolt with a stop which will prevent its being
raised sufficiently to allow the wheel to make a complete revolution.
Assuming this locking device to be applied to the post of a gate opening both
inward and outward, I propose that the wheel shall have two inclined planes or
teeth, the lower end of each incline terminating in a slot to receive the finger on
the gate and the top of each incline having a stop which will abut against the
vertical locking bolt when the finger has revolved the wheel sufficiently to free
itself from the lock.
Thus, when the gate is locked the locking pin will be in the locking slot of the
wheel which will then be vertical, and the finger will be in the slot at the bottom
of the inclined planes; but directly the vertical locking bolt is lifted out of its slot
the finger will cause the wheel to turn until stopped by the still slightly projecting
bolt, when the finger will leave the slot in the wheel which will then be in
line with a slot in the frame or box and the gate will open.
The gate locks automatically-that is to say, directly the closing of the gate
brings the finger into contact with one or other of the inclined planes it causes the
wheel to rotate until it offers a slot into which the finger enters; the finger then
turns the wheel inversely until the locking slot is in a line to receive the vertical
locking bolts which falls into it by its own weight and the gate is locked.
If the gate is to open only in one direction, whether inward or outward, I may
use only a single inclined plane and finger slot the locking bolt acting as in the
double action device.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING AND DISCONNECTING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE FOR CARRIAGES AND VEHICLES AND TO OTHER USES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Wright at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1882.
EDWARD WRIGHT of Driffield Road North Bow, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING AND DISCONNECTING APPARATUS,
APPLICABLE FOR CARRIAGES AND VEHICLES AND TO OTHER USES
"
My Invention consists in a releasing appliance adapted to carriages or vehicles,
whereby the animal cau be released with facility in any position, and especially
when the animal falls, it can be readily released from the pole or shafts.
In carrying out my Invention, I adopt mainly the following arrangements:-
To the collar of the horse or animal a shackle is attached, said shackle being
also attached to a body part, and a link or clip being also attached to the
shackle At or near the extreme end of body part is a hook or arm, secured frec
to move, and so formed as to take into the link or clip before described, a space
being left between the body part and the hook or arm, to admit the chain,
This hook or aim is acted upon by a spring, to keep clip and chain in position.
To release the chain, all that is required is to press the hook or arm, and same
flies back. This releasing appliance is applicable for other purposes where a secure
book and instant releasing is required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pemberton and Ralph Pearson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1882.
JOHN PEMBERTON and RALPH PEARSON both of Preston in the County of
Lancaster, Overlookers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
"
This invention of improvements in looms for weaving has reference to the
dobby or jacquard mechanism and consists in dividing the lattice barrel or cylinder
into two sections placed side by side on the same axis but operating independently
of each other in such manner that whilst one portion of the lattice barrel
carrying one system of lattices is caused to produce the side borders in hand-
kerchiefs or other similar piece goods, the other portion is caused to produce the
cross borders. Each outward extremity of the divided lattice barrel is provided
with its own hook and rotating mechanism, and in the case of double cylinder
dobbies or jacquards each pair of barrels is connected by a couple of toothed
wheels in the usual manner. That portion which works intermittently and
produces the cross borders at the required intervals may be put into and out of
action by means of the ordinary band stretched between the "taking-up" beam
or roller and a pulley or disc upon the side of which projecting pegs set at the
required distances act upon a lever in connection with the hook which rotates
the lattice barrel. In lieu, however, of the band as above described we employ a
train of geared wheels actuated by a toothed wheel on the end of the "taking-up"
beam or roller. By the latter arrangement greater precision of action and more
accurate determination of the position of the cross borders and the lengths of the
intervals of plain or other weaving are obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ART OR PROCESS OF BLEACHING
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Toppan, of the City of Salem in the County of
Essex, and State of Massachusetts, in the United States of America, for an
invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ART OR PROCESS OF BLEACHING'
"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Charles Toppan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th August 1882.
CHARLES TOPPAN, of the City of Salem, in the County of Essex and State of
Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ART, OR
PROCESS, OF BLEACHING,"
This Invention relates more particularly to the bleaching, of cotton fabrics, by
removing the vegetable coloring matter.
In carrying out my Invention I proceed as follows:
To each gallon of pure water I add three ounces of the product known in
commerce by the trade name of "sinapetroline," No. 2, and more fully described in
Letters Patent of the United States, No. 186,640, granted to me January 23, 1877.
This solution I place upon the goods in a covered vessel and boil the same two
hours, then remove and rinse in warm water, and then place the goods into the
vessel with a new clean solution of the same strength as before, and boil one hour,
then remove and rinse in warm water, then immerse or dip the goods in a solution
of chloride or lime of a density of 12° to 5° Baumé, when warm once or more
times, exposing them to an air bath a few minutes between each immersion in the
chloride of lime solution.
When sufficiently bleached wash the goods in a strong solution of warm water
and "sinapetroline " No. 2, which will remove all traces of the chlorine.
I find that the "sinapetroline," No. 2, has a peculiar affinity for, and quickly
assimilates with the vegetable coloring matter of the cotton, so as to free the same
from the fabric, or fibre, in a most effectual manner, without reducing the weight of
the same.
This process of bleaching tends to soften the fabric in a remarkable
degree, and prevents its absorbing moisture, thus permitting such goods to be
shipped long distances, and to hot climates, without liability of mildew.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same I would have it understood that I claim:
"
The herein described art or process of bleaching, consisting in boiling the fabric
in a solution of water and "sinapetroline No. 2, then treating the fabric with a
solution of chloride of lime and water, airing the same, then washing the fabric in
a solution of hot water and "sinapetroline" No. 2; as and for the purposes set
forth.
In witness whereof I, the said Charles Toppan, have hereto set my hand
and seal this second day of August one thousand eight hundred and eighty
CHARLES TOPPAN (L.S.)
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATS AND IN APPARATUS FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Maddin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd August 1882.
JAMES MADDIN of 98 Borough High Street in the County of Surrey "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATS AND IN APPARATUS FOR SUCH
MANUFACTURE"
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of mats made from
coir yarn in combination with manilla hemp or other similar materials and consists
in manufacturing such mats substantially as follows
I employ a loom composed of three rollers fixed on the back posts two of such
rollers being fixed one above the other on inner side of said posts and the third or
uppermost being fixed at back of said posts. In order to manufacture mats
according to this invention I pass the manilla and hemp chains from the first back
and middle roller over the dead beam and the coir yarn from the third roller under
another dead beam and then draw the chains through the harness then shoot the
binder and place a rod under the pole chain and then tread down the first and
second shaft then the second shaft by itself then the first shaft by itself and lastly
the third shaft by itself and so on according to the required size of mat
By manufacturing mats according to this invention it obviates the necessity of
wrapping the yarn round the rod with the fingers thus effecting a great saving of
time and waste of material and making a very strong mat
A NEW OR IMPROVED SHOE FOR HORSES AND OTHER BEASTS OF BURDEN
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John James Norman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1882.
JOHN JAMES NORMAN of East Greenwich in the County of Kent Jeweller,
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SHOE FOR HORSES AND OTHER BEASTS OF BURDEN,"
This invention relates to a new or improved shoe for horses and other beasts of
burden.
According to my invention I cast the shoe in a suitable mould. I do not
confine myself to any particular metal, but I prefer to employ that known as
white metal. The lower surface of the shoe or that part of it which comes in
contact with the ground is formed with a recess running somewhat in the lines of
the shoe and intended to receive a composition such as will give good wear
resisting properties to the shoe and at the same time prevent the foot of the horse
slipping on the roadway. The groove into which this composition is introduced is
made narrower at the mouth by inclined sides so as to hold the composition and
the composition I prefer has emery for its principal material. The composition is
either run or pressed in. On the upper side of the shoe and around its outer edge
is a thin uprising ledge which when the shoe is fixed surrounds the front of the
hoof and thus gives a much desired additional strength to the bold of the shoe on
the hoof. Holes for the nails are formed in the casting.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA AND PARASOL FRAMES THE INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR TENTS (
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Siegfried Scherer of Silk Street in the City of London
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLA AND PARASOL FRAMES
THE INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR TENTS
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Siegfried Scherer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1882.
SIEGFRIED SCHERER of Silk Street in the City of London "IMPROVEMENTS IN
UMBRELLA AND PARASOL FRAMES, THE INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
TENTS
"
This invention relates to the frames employed for umbrellas and parasols, the
invention being also applicable to that class of tents in which a central support is
employed
The object of the invention is the formation of a frame or support for the silk or
other covering material employed which shall not only be rigid and strong, but at
the same time be capable of folding up into a small compass and therefor be readily
transportable. To accomplish these desirable results, the "stick" or central support,
is made in three or more brass or other suitable telescopic pieces to the upper and
smallest one of which is secured a grooved collar to which the ribs or stretchers are
attached by means of a wire in the ordinary manner. Said ribs or stretchers are
made in three sections joined by two compass joints, provided with externally
rounded heads through holes in the outer portion of which, the covering is stitched
or secured. The upper joint folds inwards while the lower folds outwards. Beneath
the lower joints are attached the braces which are also jointed with compass or
other suitable joints closing downward The inner extremities of the braces are
attached to a grooved running collar which is held in position when the frame is

page_text: open or closed by means of catch stops or springs When the telescopic stick is
pushed in the entire frame with its covering is also folded and occupies but about
one third of the open length of its ribs while in the case of umbrellas or parasols
the ribs or stretchers and braces only need be closed in and the stick be left at its
full length for use as a cane. The ribs and braces may also be attached to an 5
ordinary stick if preferred
NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF EMPTY ALE CASKS AND OTHER SIMILAR CASKS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elisha Caddick at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1882.
ELISHA CADDICK of Burton-on-Trent in the County of Stafford Cooper "NEW
OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE FOULING OF EMPTY ALE CASKS
AND OTHER SIMILAR CASKS
3
My invention consists of apparatus constructed as hereinafter described applied
in the interior of the cask to each cork or tap hole, which said apparatus while
permitting of the introduction of a cork or tap into the hole, closes the hole air
tight when the cork or tap is withdrawn thus preventing the introduction of air
and the fouling of the cask.
The said apparatus is constructed as follows:-I take a ball or sphere of
vulcanized india rubber having a hole passing through it in the direction of a
diameter. The said india rubber sphere has a diameter preferably about double
that of the cork or tap hole to be closed. Through the hole in the india rubber
sphere a strong cord of vulcanized india rubber is passed. The length of the said
india rubber cord is about three times the diameter of the sphere. By means of
small metallic staples or other fastenings the ends of the india rubber cord are
fixed in the interior of the cask on each side of the cork or tap hole the said cord
being so stretched in its fastened position that it presses the sphere with
considerable force against the cork or tap hole.
When a cork or tap is forced from the exterior of the cask into the cork or tap
hole, the india rubber sphere is pushed aside and it does not interfero with the
cork or tap. But when the cork or tap is withdrawn the sphere is immediately
brought over and closes the cork or tap hole by the elasticity of the india rubber
cord.
Although I prefer the use of a sphere or ball of india rubber as described yet I
do not limit myself to that particular form as a flat or nearly flat piece or pad of
india rubber may be used with the same or nearly the same effect.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE MARINE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES County of Warwick METALLIC TUBES FOR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Everitt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1882.
WILLIAM EDWARD EVERITT of Birmingham in the
Manufacturer "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOCOMOTIVE MARINE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
County of Warwick
METALLIC TUBES FOR
"
My invention has for its object to give to metallic tubes used in locomotive
marine and other steam boilers and for other purposes; a slight elasticity or power
of yielding in the direction of their length so that in case of a difference between
the expansion or contraction of the tube and that of the boiler or other structure in
which it is fixed, the tube may lengthen or shorten and thereby prevent or diminish
the strain which would otherwise be produced.
I will describe my invention in connection with a tube for the boiler of a
locomotive engine. I make the greater part of the tube of brass in the ordinary
way and to that end of the tube which is intended for the smoke box end. I
attach by brazing a short tube of copper the said copper tube having one or a series
of corrugations in it in planes at right angles to its axis. The extreme diameter
of the corrugated copper tube does not exceed the diameter of the brass tube to
which it is brazed. These corrugations give to the end of the tube in which they
are made a structure and action somewhat similar to the structure and action of an
accordion bellows and without weakening the tube give it a limited power of
elongating and shortening thereby preventing any injurious strain either in the
tube itself or in the boiler or structure in which it is fixed in consequence of any
difference in contraction or expansion between the said tube and structure by
heating or cooling.
I make the corrugations in the copper part of the tube by operating on a plain
or cylindrical copper tube in a lathe. The copper tube operated upon has a
diameter the same as that it is intended the finished tube shall have and by
giving the said copper tube a rotary motion in a lathe and applying a pressing
tool the diameter of portions of the tube is reduced and the required corrugations
formed. I do not however limit myself to any method of making the corrugations.
Although tubes made according to my invention are specially applicable to
locomotive marine and other steam boilers yet they, are also applicable to various
other purposes such for example as to refrigerators and generally whenever it is
desired to give slight elasticity in the direction of the length of the tube.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION WAGONS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John McLaren, and Henry McLaren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1882.
JOHN MCLAREN, and HENRY MCLAREN both of Hunslet, Leeds, in the County
of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION WAGONS."
Our Invention has for its object to so construct wagons or trucks for traction
engines or other work that the load may be readily tipped or discharged therefrom.
In constructing a tipping wagon according to our Invention the body of the wagon
is made separate from the main framing and is supported on rollers carried by an
inclined frame. The body is also inclined so that when a catch is released the
body runs back on the rollers until checked by the projecting shaft of the last
roller and the ends of slots in slot-plates fixed to the underside of the wagon body
coming into contact when the body overhangs the frame and can be readily tipped.
Owing to the body being deeper and wider at the back end the load slips out
freely the back door or flap being so arranged in combination with counterweights
that the said door swings open when the wagon is tipped. The slotted plates
before named serve also to keep the body in its proper position relatively with the
framing when the said body is tipped. At the front end is fixed a winch provided
with a chain for hauling the body back after tipping. On the chain drum of this
winch a brake may be fixed to be used for preventing the too sudden return of the
body.
In trucks constructed according to our Invention the load when on the road is
distributed properly over all the wheels and in discharging the wagon it need not
be brought close up to the tip as the body shoots the load to some distance beyond
the end of the wagon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOSING AND OPENING METALLIC VESSELS " HERMETICALLY SEALED
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederick Farwig at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd May 1882.
JOHN FREDERICK FARWIG of Queen Street Cannon Street in the City of
London "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOSING AND OPENING
METALLIC VESSELS
"
HERMETICALLY SEALED
This invention relates to improvements in the method of closing or arranging
the covers in order to facilitate the opening of tin and other metallic vessels the
contents of which are secured therein by hermetically closing such vessels with
soft solder and my improvements are particularly applicable to the closing of
metallic vessels in which prepared paint is packed ready for use although my
improvements are equally applicable to hermetically closed metallic vessels used for
other purposes.
Metallic vessels of this character are extensively used for packing and holding
paint prepared ready for use such vessels being sometimes provided with a handle
and loose cover for use when the top has been cut away in opening the vessels. This
operation of cutting is frequently attended with much difficulty loss of time and
trouble owing to the want at the time of a suitable knife or tool required for the
purpose
Now according to my improvements I close the bottom or underside of such
metallic vessels after being filled with the ends reversed by hermetically sealing
them in the ordinary manner as is well understood. But in order to facilitate the
opening of such vessels I so arrange the top plate or upper end that it can be
readily forced inwards either by suitable pressure or by a blow from a hammer or
other instrument.
To enable this to be done in making such vessels the top plate has a disc or other
suitably shaped piece stamped or otherwise cut out a small flange or burr being
formed on the inner edges of such opening. The disc or other shaped piece thus
cut out (or it may be a corresponding piece of rather larger size than the opening)
is soldered over the opening on one side only and in order to open the vessel it is
only necessary to put sufficient pressure on to this soldered piece to force it inwards

page_text: and thus form an opening from which the contents of the vessel can be used or
taken as required.
The rough edge of the flange or burr on the edges of the opening serves to assist
in holding the solder to make a perfect joint.
For some purposes the disc or piece of the cover thus forced inwards may remain 5
attached at one point so as to serve as a hinge to retain and thus prevent it from
being detached altogether from the top when pressed inwards.
IMPROVED APPARATUS MITIGATE THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECT OF RAILWAY COLLISIONS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Clarke at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1882.
EDWARD CLARKE of Lawrence's Hotel, Clayton Square, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Dissenting Minister. AN IMPROVED APPARATUS TO MITIGATE THE
DESTRUCTIVE EFFECT OF RAILWAY COLLISIONS
In the front and at the rear of the train, I place a safety-wagon or van running
upon ordinary railway wheels, and having buffers of an ordinary description at
each end of it. This safety-wagon or van, is to be made in two parts, one sliding
within the other, so that its length is capable of being diminished to one-half or
one-third, or any convenient fraction of its entire length when fully extended.
Or the upper portion only may have a sliding action lengthwise, while the base
remains rigid in which case the portion which slides will have a projecting
framework terminating in buffers.
To this sliding wagon I attach an arrangement of sliding bolts actuated by
levers, whereby its sliding action may be arrested or permitted, so that it may
become a rigid component part of the train for shunting purposes or otherwise.
The sliding wagon or van being extended to its fullest length, is packed full
with trusses of hay and bags of wool, either placed alternately, or in such order as
may be found best.
I also arrange a brake to act upon the wheels of the said safety-wagon or van,
in such way as that it shall not come into action, until a compressive force such
as that of a collision is applied to the said wagon or van; so that the motion of
the wheels being arrested, the compressive force may be more completely expended
on the elastic contents of the safety-wagon or van.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF SILK RAGS AND OTHER WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Peel Hepworth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1882.
BENJAMIN PEEL HEPWORTH of Morley near Leeds in the County of York,
Manufacturer IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF
SILK RAGS AND OTHER WOVEN FABRICS
"
This Invention has reference to apparatus employed in tearing or disintegrating
silk rags or other woven fabrics and consists in the employment of a pair of
nipping rollers through which the material is fed upon a travelling apron. A roller
having strong hooked or L shaped teeth thereon is employed running in close
proximity to the said feed rollers, tearing and grinding the rags therefrom, which
are conveyed thereby to another roller which strips the torn rags and places them
upon another roller or cylinder or a series of rollers where they are carried forward
and removed by a doffing comb. The rags which have been thus torn into waste
are then placed into a scribbler or carding machine for further treatment. The first
mentioned roller which works in contact with the feed rollers has one or more
"workers" ог "cleaners" arranged on its upper surface for distributing the fibre. .
A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR KNEADING DOUGH
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Alexander at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1882.
ROBERT ALEXANDER of Glasgow in the County of Lanark North Britain, Ship
Wright "A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR KNEADING DOUGH
"
This invention relates to a machine for the kneading of dough an operation
which is generally effected by manual labor and it has for its object the saving
of labor and the affording of greater cleanliness than has hitherto been obtained for
kneading.
In carrying this invention into practice I provide at each side of the lower end
of the piston of an ordinary steam hammer a horizontal stud passing at its ends
through a framing which is pivoted at its rear end upon a short shaft carried at
the back of the body of the steam hammer. This framing at its pivoted part is
slotted horizontally to allow of sufficient forward and backward motion being
given to the same on the raising and lowering of the piston. At the front part of
this framing is fitted the wooden or equivalent block whose underside is preferably
corrugated and by which the dough is kneaded and which extends downwards into
a travelling trough.
This travelling trough is mounted upon rollers which are free to run along rails
fitted to the floor of the bake-house, and the travelling motion is imparted to the
trough by mechanism fitted to the side of the body of the steam hammer and
actuated by the framing herein before mentioned.-This mechanism consists of a
vertical rod whose upper end projects over the framing and whose lower end is
pivoted to a lever fitted to a horizontal shaft carried in bearings upon the side of
the body of the haminer the inner one of which is pivoted and the outer oue fitted
in vertical slides to allow of the shaft at its outer end to be raised or lowered for a
purpose hereinafter set forth. On the outer end of the horizontal shaft is loosely
fitted a hollow gear wheel formed on its inner periphery as a ratchet wheel,
engaging with the ratchet of which is a reversible pawl pivoted upon a disc keyed
or otherwise suitably secured to the horizontal shaft. Upon the side of the
travelling trough are fitted two racks with their teeth facing and with either of
these as desired the before mentioned gear wheel may be engaged so that by raising
or lowering the horizontal shaft and gear wheel, the trough is caused to travel in
either direction along the rails. The ratchet and pawl device is provided for the

page_text: purpose of allowing the travel of the trough to be manipulated in case the lower
rack should become filled with dough or it may be used on any other emergency
affecting either of the racks. For the raising and lowering of the horizontal shaft
I may provide any suitable mechanical means. For the turning over the dough
within the trough when it is at the end of its travel I provide two ploughs which
are suspended from a bracket on the body of the hammer or from any other suitable
part and which may be thrown back from the trough after they have turned over
the dough.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECONDARY BATTERIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hammond and Lazar
Goldenberg at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October
1882.
ROBERT HAMMOND and LAZAR GOLDENBERG, both of 110, Cannon Street
in the City of London, Electrical Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SECONDARY
BATTERIES
Our invention relates to what are known as secondary batteries, and it is
designed to form them ready for charging by purely chemical, in place of electro-
chemical, means.
Our batteries are formed as follows:-
We permeate the surfaces of a leather or skin plate, previously soaked in
sulphuric acid, with a mixture of lead peroxide and sulphate, obtained by the
treatment of minium by Sulphuric acid. We enclose this in frames of lead or
platinum as poles. We may roll our battery or adopt any convenient form, using
leather, or other porous material as a protective coating.
Alternatively we may partially permeate the surfaces of the soaked skin or
leather with peroxide of lead by dipping them into a solution of minium in acetic
acid, when the sulphuric acid held by the plates of skin or leather precipitates the
minium from its solution in the form of peroxide of lead.
We may, before permeating the soaked leather or skin, coat it in any convenient
manner with spongy lead to increase the active surface.
A further inodification of the battery is by using, instead of the partially
permeated skin or leather, pairs of plates of platinum or lead, separated by porous.
material, and dipped into sulphuric acid, and these plates may have their active
surfaces extended by a coating of spongy lead.
This modified form is formed by similar means and admits of similar alternatives
to the first named.
Our batteries when formed as specified are at once ready for charging and
discharging in the manner customary with the known forms of secondary battery.