IMPROVEMENTS IN TIPS AND STUDS FOR THE HEELS AND SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, GEORGE CHAMBERS of 21 Arbuthnot Road, Peckham in the County of
Surrey Commercial Traveller do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TIPS AND STUDS FOR THE HEELS AND SOLES OF BOOTS AND
SHOES" to be as follows :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in tips and studs for the heels
and soles of boots and shoes.
The tips to which my invention relates are pieces of metal to be inlaid into tho
heel or into the sole at any part where special protection from wear is requisite.
The wearing face of the tip may be a series of metal studs grouped in a suitable
manner or it may be a single metal block of suitable contour.
The tip on its inner side is formed with a projecting bar or ridge which is sharp
on the edge and is to be driven into a groove formed to receive it in the under
leather. The surface leather, is cut out to receive the wearing part of the tip; this
replaces the leather so cut away and with it forms a flush surface. The surface
leather also overlaps the ends of the bar on the inner side of the tip which
penetrates the under leather and so aids in holding the tip in place.
The invention is applicable also to separate studs to be set in any part of the
heel or sole.
In some cases as in workman's boots the tips or studs may be so applied as to
project from the surface of the leather.
Dal 1
10
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: 56
I, GEORGE CHAMBERS of 21 Arbuthnot Road, Peckham in the County of
Surrey Commercial Traveller do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN TIPS AND STUDS FOR THE HEELS AND SOLES OF BOOTS AND
SHOES " and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in tips and studs for the heels
and soles of boots and shoes.
The tips to which my invention relates are pieces of metal to be inlaid into the
heel or into the sole at any part where special protection from wear is requisite.
The wearing face of the tip may be a series of metal studs grouped in a suitable
manner or it may be a single metal block of suitable contour.
The tip on its inner side is formed with a projecting bar or ridge which is sharp on
the edge and is to be driven into a groove formed to receive it in the under leather,
the surface leather is cut out to receive the wearing part of the tip; this replaces
the leather so cut away and with it forms a flush surface. The surface leather
also overlaps the ends of the bar on the inner side of the tip which penetrates the
under leather and so aids in holding the tip in place.
The invention is applicable also to separate studs to be set in any part of the
beel or sole.
In some cases as in workman's boots the tips or studs may be so applied as to
project from the surface of the leather.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows the under side of the sole of a heavy boot provided with studs.
Figure 2 is a heel applicable to the same and provided with tips and studs.
Figure 3 is the sole and Figure 4 the heel of a somewhat lighter make, and
Figures 5 and 6 shew a third variety.
In each, tips or studs or both are employed in accordance with my invention.
In Figure 1, the studs a a are each cast separately, one of them is shewn by the
Figures 7.
The base of the stud, as will be seen, is provided with a projecting bar or
ridge extending beyond the body of the stud and on a level with its inner
surface. This bar or ridge rests at its two ends on the inner face of the leather
sole or heel piece into which the stud is inserted. The upper edge of the bar or
ridge is brought to a sharp edge, and it is of a form suitable for penetrating the
under leather to which the sole is applied.
These studs are by preference cast either in malleable iron or gun metal.
To prepare the sole to receive the studs, holes are punched in it of a suitable
size; these holes will naturally be somewhat larger on the inner side than on the
outer. It will be observed that the body of the stud is made to taper accordingly.
When the outer sole has been prepared with the studs inserted into it from the
inner side, the sole is placed on the under leather and by hammering, the bars or
ridges are made to penetrate until the two thicknesses of leather are in contact;
or generally the under leather after having been marked in the manner described
will be grooved with a knife to facilitate the penetration of the bars or ridges of
the studs.
The bars or ridges on the studs by resting against the inner side of the leather
also serve to retain the studs, either flush with the outer surface of the sole or

page_text: projecting to any desired extent therefrom; they also render it impossible for the
studs to escape from their places in the sole.
The heel shewn at Figure 2 has similar studs, and in addition is provided with a
tip which is shown separately by the Figures S.
The main portion of the tip b is connected with two stud like pieces c c by two
ridge pieces d d which are similar to the bar or ridge a' on the stud shown at
Figures 7, and serve the same purposes but here they serve also for the further
purpose of connecting the part 6 to the parts c. c. so that although the part b is at
the outer edge of the heel it is impossible for it to escape from its place. The
edges of the bars d d are serrated to enable them to penetrate the under leather
with greater ease.
The sole shown at Figure 3 is provided with a toe tip very similar to the heel
tip just described. It consists of the portion on the edge of the sole and two
stud like pieces c c connected therewith by ridges d d as already described.
The heel Figure 4 is provided with a tip in which the stud like parts c c are
dispensed with and the bar or ridge d, suffices to hold the tip in its place; this tip
is shown separately by the Figures 9.
In Figure 5 the sole is provided with a tip as in Figure 3, but of a somewhat
lighter description.
The heel Figure 6 is provided with studs, these are not single studs but are all
cast together in one piece, as is shown separately by the Figures 10.
The studs when so combined serve to keep the heel or other part to which they
are applied in form more effectually than they would if applied as separate studs.
In each case the way of fixing the tips or studs is substantially similar. The
leather is shaped and holes are punched in it adapted to the tips or studs which it
is intended to apply, and these are then inserted and forced home until the bars d
which project beyond and overlap the bases of the tips or studs bear firmly upon
the leather on the inner side. Then the outer sole or 1 1 piece being thus
prepared is applied to the under leather and is hammered down upon it; grooves
usually being made in the under leather to facilitate the entrance of the bars d.
The sole or heel piece is then secured to the under leather in the usual manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The construction of tips and studs for the soles and heels of boots and
shoes with sharp bars or ridges projecting above and extending beyond the base of
the tip or stud the said bars or ridges being adapted to bear by their projecting
ends upon the inner side of the leather to which the tip or stud is applied and to
penetrate the under leather substantially as described.
Second. Tips or studs connected together or one to the other by a bar or ridge
extending from one to the other adapted to rest upon the inner side of the leather
into which the tips or studs are inserted and to penetrate and embed itself in the
under leather substantially as described.
Third Connecting tips or like parts to the outer edges of soles or heels by studs
inserted into the leather and attached to the tips by bars passing behind the surface
leather, substantially as described.