IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR KNITTING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bradley, a subject of Great Britain, formerly of
Nottingham, England, but now of Lowell, in the County of Middlesex and
State of Massachusetts one of the United States of America Knitter for an
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bradley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1881.
JOHN BRADLEY, a subject of Great Britain, formerly of Nottingham, England,
but now of Lowell, in the County of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, one of
the United States of America, Knitter. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIRCULAR KNITTING
MACHINES."
My Invention relates to that class of knitting machines in which the needles are
arranged and move in a circle, and work in connection with a series of co-operating
wheels, the blades or teeth of which engage with the circular series of needles,
and by the simple rotation of said series of needles and the co-operating wheels, all
of the operations of knitting are performed, and are generally termed "circular
knitting machines."
This Invention is an improvement upon the machine illustrated and described
in the application filed in the Patent Office on the Ninth day of August, A.D. 1880,
in my name, in which provision was made for automatically manipulating only two
yarns of different colors for the purpose of knitting a tubular fabric having
circumferential stripes of the said two colors alternating with each other throughout
the length of the tube whatever its length may be.
In knitting tubes to be manufactured into stockings it is desirable to have more
of a variety of colors than could be used on the machine above referred to, and it
is also desirable to knit broad plain bands at proper intervals to form the top of
the leg and the foot of the stocking, and the object of my present Invention is to
produce a knitting machine adapted to automatically manipulate two, three, four,
or more colors so as to throw them- successively into and out of action with the
needles and arrange the stripes in any required order and make them of any
desired width, and it consists in the combination with the circular series of needles'
Price 1071

page_text: and the co-operating wheels, of certain mechanical devices.for manipulating the
yarns, and automatically severing and uniting the same, and for determining the
order and the width of the circumferential stripes, which devices will be best
understood by reference to the description of the Drawings to be hereinafter given.
Figure 1 of the Drawings is a plan of a machine embodying my Invention and
adapted to the use of four yarns of different colors; Figure 2 is an end elevation;
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the same, the cutting plane being on line 1, 1,
on Fig. 1.
Figure 4 is a partial sectional elevation, the cutting plane being on line 2, 2, on
Fig. 1 Figure 5 is an elevation of the cutter-blades for severing the yarns, the
spring for holding the severed ends and the stand for supporting said cutters and
spring, the moveable cutter being raised ; Figure 6 is a vertical section on line 3, 3,
on Fig. 5, and shewing the yarn guard and yarn holding spring in elevation
with the upper cutter moved partly through its downward stroke; Figure 7 is a
partial vertical section on line 4, 4, on Fig. 1; Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11 are details
to be hereinafter referred to;. Fig. 12 is a partial sectional elevation corresponding
to Fig. 4, but arranged for operating only three yarns; Fig. 13 is a rear elevation
of the same parts shown in Fig. 12.
Figure 14 is a horizontal section on line 5, 5, on Fig. 12; Fig. 15 is a partial
horizontal section on the line of the upper surface of the bed of the three yarn
machine looking upward; Figure 16 is a partial vertical section on line 6, 6, on
Fig. 14; Fig. 17 is a vertical section through the fulcrum of the cam operated pawl
lever on line 7, 7, on Fig. 14.
Figures 18, 19, and 20 are respectively an elevation, a partial plan, and a vertical
section of a modified form of the yarn severing and holding devices.
Figures 21 and 22 are respectively a plan and an elevation of another modi-
fication of the yarn severing and holding devices mounted upon the "push back."
Figures 23 and 24 represent modifications of the pattern cam and wheel which
determines the length of the plain sections of the stocking and also the length of
the stocking. Figures 1, 2, and 3 are drawn to a scale four ninths of their natural
size, and all the other Figures to a scale three fourths of their natural size.
gear
In the Drawings A is the table or bed of the machine supported upon suitable
legs B, B, and having mounted, in suitable bearings thereon, the driving shaft C,
to which motion may be applied by hand by means of the crank D or by means of
a belt (not shewn) and the pulley E. The shaft C has secured thereon the bevel
gear wheel F which meshes into and imparts motion to a corresponding bevel
wheel G firmly secured upon the lower end of the circular stock or "head" H,
which is mounted upon and revolves about the fixed vertical shaft I and has
secured thereon a series of needles of that kind which are known in the trade as
spring needles," said needles being arranged in a circle concentric with the axis
of the head H, and with their heads projecting upward above the upper end of
said " "head in positions to receive and carry the several stiches being formed.
"
Around this circular series of needles are arranged several wheels termed
"working wheels," the circumferences of which are of different shapes, and act
upon and co-operate with said needles and serve to manipulate the yarns in
connection therewith, and perform upon the yarns all the operations of knitting,
some of said wheels operating outside of the series of needles and some of them
within the series, but all of them rotating with the needles.
J is the "stitch wheel" so called provided with radial blades set spirally around
its periphery, which blades work between the needles and partially loop the yarn
-around them, this wheel being the wheel by which the yarn is first received in the
operation of knitting, and is mounted upon an inclined axis carried by the "star
box" J as shewn.
K is the "dividing wheel" mounted upon an inclined axis carried by the "star
box" K, and is similar in form to the "stitch wheel" J, and serves to place the
loops more accurately upon the bodies of the needles; L is the " presser wheel," by
which the beards of the needles are depressed to allow the stitches to pass over

page_text: "
them, and its circumference is therefore made smooth, and is mounted upon a
vertical axis carried by the "star-box" L'; M is the "landing wheel" by which
the stitches are carried outside of the points of the boards of the needles; N is the
knocking over wheel." by which the work is discharged from the needles. These
two last named wheels are located within the circle of the series of needles, and are
mounted upon fixed axes borne by the brackets M' and N' respectively, which are
secured to and supported by the disk I' formed upon or secured to the upper end of
the fixed vertical shaft I, about which the needle head H revolves. The wheels J, K,
and L, are arranged around the outside of the circular series of needles, and these
with the wheels M and N operate upon the yarn and the needles to perform the
several steps in the manipulation of the yarn which constitutes knitting, in the
order that they are mentioned above, and perform continuously the operations of
plain knitting, except as will be hereinafter described. So far as described the
machine is constructed and operates in a well known manner, and is not of my
Invention.
I will now proceed to describe that part of the mechanism which changes and
severs the yarns automatically, and determines the width and arrangement of the
several stripes which make up the pattern to be knit, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, and 6, first premising that each stripe is composed of plain knitting with
one yarn only, that the stripes run parallel with the courses of the stitches, and
that the width of each stripe depends upon the number of courses thus knit
before changing the color of the yarn, which is done automatically at the proper
time.
The yarns O, P, Q, and R, of different colors are wound upon the bobbins O¹, P, Q,
and R respectively, and are led therefrom through eyes in the bar R³, and thence
through eyes in the yarn guiding levers O, P, Q, and R2 respectively, as shown in
Figs. 1, 2, and 3. The yarn O carried by the lowermost yarn guide 02 is the
one that is in action, and being knit into the fabric when the several parts of the
machine are in the positions shewn in the Drawings, while the yarns P, Q, and R,
carried by the yarn guides P, Q, and R² respectively, are thrown obliquely
upward by said guides above the "stitch wheel" J into a position just above the
lower cutter blade a of a pair of shears of peculiar construction, supported upon the
stand R in such a position that their cutting portions are within the circle of
the needles, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5.
The inner end of the stand R has secured thereto the thin shield or guard-
plate b to prevent the yarns from being caught by the revolving fabric, and carried
around with it, said guard plate being provided with a shelf b¹ projecting horizontally
therefrom towards the needles, to the upper side of which is secured the short
helical spring c, into the coils of which the yarns are forced by the downward
motion of the upper cutter blade d, and the bracket d secured thereon, after said
yarns have been thrown into their extreme upward position above said spring by
the upward movement of the movable ends of the yarn guides O, P, Q, and R².
The guard plate b is also provided at its lower edge with the curved finger be to aid
in properly locating the yarns in the coils of the spring c, all as shewn in Figs. 5
and 6.
The cutter a is secured to that part of the stand R* which overhangs the needles,
projects downward at its front end, and its cutting portion is a short rearward
projection below the level of the top end of the needles, as shewn in Fig. 5. The
upper cutter d is pivotted at d to the stand R, and has a downwardly projecting
portion at its front end, the lower edge of which co-operates with the blade a to
sever the yarns; the cutting edge of the blade d, and the lower edge of the
bracket d' being so arranged relative to the spring c and the edge of the lower
cutter a that the yarns are pressed upon by said upper cutter and bracket, upon
opposite sides of said spring, and are thus forced well into the coils of the spring
before the yarns are severed by the coming together of the cutters a and d. The
upper cutter is also provided with an eye to receive the movable end of the cutter

page_text: operating lever S, which is pivotted at its other end to the post S¹ set in a fixed
position in the bed A.
The post S also forms a bearing for the ratchet wheels T and T¹, and also
carries the laterally projecting arm S2, to which are pivotted the yarn guiding
levers O, P, Q, and R, two upon each side thereof, as shewn. The wheels T and T
are so mounted upon their bearings that they may be revolved independently, of
each other, and are provided respectively with twenty four and forty eight teeth,
by means of which and the pawls U and U¹ pivotted to the lever V and the cam W
secured upon the head H, said wheels are intermittently moved about a common
axis, the wheel T' making one revolution to two revolutions of the wheel T, or in
other words, the two, when both are moving, move at the relative speed of two to
one. The cam W acts upon the stud f set in the free or movable end of the lever V,
or upon a truck mounted thereon, to move said lever and the pawls U and Ui
forward to rotate the wheels, said lever and pawls being moved in the opposite
direction, as the cam continues to revolve by the reaction of the coiled spring g,
which surrounds the fulcrum pin h of said lever, as shewn in Fig. 17.
The pawl U is pivotted to the lever V at a point one half way between the
the fulcrum of said lever and the point where the pawl U is pivoted thereto, and
as a consequence the movement of the pawl U¹ at each vibration of the lever V
is just one half.the movement of the pawl U, whereby the wheel T¹ makes one revo-
lution to two revolutions of the wheel T the purpose of which will presently
appear. Upon the upper surface of the wheel T is secured a cam plate X which by
its inclines i, i, i, i, i, i, i³, and is, and offsets j, j, j, j j³, and jact respectively
.upon the rods k, l; m, n, and o to vibrate the shear operating lever S, and the yarn
guides O, P, Q, and R², the rods k, l, m, n, and o being held in contact with said
cam plate, or the upper surface of the wheel T by the tention of the springs ¹,,
m', n', and o' respectively.
The rod and spring k¹ are connected to the lever S between its fulcrum and its
connection with the shear blade d, so that the passage of the cam plate X beneath
the lower end of the rod k raises the movable end of the lever S and the shear
blade d against the tension of the spring ke', and when the cam plate passes from
beneath the rod k, the reaction of the spring causes a sudden descent of the
the lever S and the shear blade d, which severs any yarn which may be between it
and the lower cutter blade a in an obvious manner, and at the same time the yarn
is forced into or between the coils of the spring c, where the severed end is retained
till the yarn is again thrown into action with the stitch wheel by the downward
movement of its guiding lever. The rods l, m, n, and o and springs l', m³, n¹ and o¹
are all connected to their respective yarn guiding levers O, P, Q, and R² between
their fulcrums and their free or movable ends, so that the passage of the cam
plate X beneath the lower end of either of said rods causes the yarn guide to which
said rod is connected to be thrown upward so as to throw the yarn carried thereby
out of action with the stitch wheel, and into a position to be forced into the holding
spring c, and to be severed by the descent of the cutter d, and when the cam plate
passes from beneath said rod the reaction of its cooperating spring causes the
yarn guide to be thrown downward, and carry the previously severed yarn into
action again with the stitch wheel and the needles.
In
In order to properly manipulate three or more yarns of different colors the cam
plate X is made of peculiar construction according to the number of yarns used,
extending around about two thirds of a complete circle, when three colors are to be
used, as illustrated in Figs. 12, 13, and 14, or entirely around the circle when
four or more colors are to be used, as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive.
the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, the cam plate X is made in the
form of a ring, in two parts, and has cut through or from it four segmental slots
or portions 2, m², n², and o², each equal in length to one quarter of the circum-
ference of the circle, and of a width somewhat greater than the diameter of the
rods l, m, n, and o, one end of each of said slots or cut away portions terminating in

page_text: زد
an incline 1, 2, 3, or , and the other end of each in the perpendicular offset j‚j³,
or j, said slots being so arranged relative to each other and to the rods l, m, n,
and o,
that when the wheel T and the cain X are revolved said segmental slots or
cut away places pass beneath the lower ends of the rods l, m, n, and o, and allow
them to drop from the top of the cam plate to the surface of the wheel T succes-
sively at intervals of one quarter of a revolution of said wheel and cam apart, and
raise each rod again when the wheel and cam have made one quarter of a revo-
lution from the time when said rod dropped from the face of the cam, and so that
whenever one of the rods l, m, n, or o is resting on the surface of the wheel T,
and the yarn guide to which it is connected is thrown down to carry its yarn into
action with the "stitch wheel," all the other rods will be resting upon the upper
surface of the cam X, and their yarn guiding levers will have their inner or
movable ends raised to carry their yarns out of action with the stitch wheel," and
into a position to be forced between the coils of the holding spring c, and to be
severed by the descent of the cutter d, said yarn guides being each maintained
in said elevated position during three quarters of the revolution of the wheel T,
and in the depressed position indicated by the lever O2 in Figs. 1 and 4 during
the other quarter of the revolution of said wheel. The cam X is also provided
with the four inclines i, i, i, i, and offsets j,j, j,j, equidistant from the axis of the
wheel T, and the inclines as well as the offsets equidistant from each other, said
inclines serving to raise the cutter d, acting through the medium of the rod k and
the lever S, preparatory to a sudden descent of said cutter caused by the contraction
of the spring, when the offsets j pass from beneath the rod k, which movement
takes place immediately after a yarn has been thrown out of action with the stitch
wheel.
With a cam constructed as described, and the wheel T provided with twenty
four teeth, as shewn in the Drawings; alternate stripes of four different colors
consisting of six courses; each will be knit throughout the length of the tube, but
if the wheel T is provided with forty eight teeth then each stripe will consist
of twelve courses. If however it is desired to make the stripes of different widths,
the slots or cut away portions 12, m², n², and o², instead of being of equal length as
shewn, would be made of different lengths, according to the pattern desired, say,
12 and n² shorter and m² and o longer than shewn in the Drawings, and the
inclines i, i, and offsets j,j, would be correspondingly located. To produce a fabric
from three or more colors, composed of a series of clusters of three or more narrow
.stripes of different colors alternating with one wider stripe of one of the same
colors I use the ratchet wheel T', having secured thereon the cam Y adapted to act
upon the pin p, set in the underside of the pawl U, and thereby throw said pawl
out of action with the teeth of the wheel T, and so arrest the motion of the cam X
for a longer or shorter time, and thus permit a greater number of courses to be
knit from the yarn then in action than could be the case if the motion of the
wheel T was continuous. The cam Y should be made of a circumferential length
sufficient to hold the pawl U out of action with the teeth of the wheel T during
six or twelve reciprocations of the pawls U aud U¹, and may be increased so as to
hold said pawl U out of action during eighteen or twenty four reciprocations of
said pawl, by securing thereto the supplementary segments Y' or Y2, by means of
which a variety of designs or patterns will be produced as follows:-If the cam Y
be made of the shortest length mentioned, the pattern will consist of six stripes
of six courses, each of four different colors arranged in a cluster, and followed by a
broad stripe of twelve courses.
If the cam Y is made of the next longer length mentioned, then the pattern
would produce a fabric composed of a cluster of five stripes of six courses each of
four different colors, followed by a stripe of eighteen courses of one of the same
colors. Now if the segment Y', shewn in Fig. 10, be added to the cam Y of the
last mentioned length, the fabric produced thereby would be composed of a cluster
of four stripes of six courses each of different colors, followed by a single stripe or
band of twenty four courses of one of the same colors. If the segment Y2 be

page_text: substituted for Y, the fabric produced would be composed of a cluster of three
stripes of six courses each of different colors, followed by a broad band of thirty
courses of a different color, it being understood that the cam X attached to the
wheel T remains unchanged under the different conditions of the cam Y in the
examples above given. The cam Y is provided at its rear end or the point where
it releases the pawl U with a notch p', to allow said pawl to move sufficiently far
to move the wheel T a distance equal to the length of a tooth without the pin p
coming in contact with and moving the cam Y a greater distance than is due to
the stroke of the pawl U¹.
This arrangement of stripes does very well for the body of the stocking, but it is
desirable to knit broad plain bands at regular and equal intervals from which to
form the tops and feet of the stockings, to do which automatically I use the ratchet
wheel A¹ mounted upon a journal formed on the base of the post B' and carrying
upon its upper surface the cam 9 which acts upon the elbow lever pivoted in
the stand to vibrate it about its fulcrum, the upper end of said lever acting
upon the pawl U to throw it out of action with the teeth of the wheel T and hold
it out of action while the cam g is passing the lever r.
The wheel A¹ is intermittently moved about its axis a distance equal to the
length of one of its teeth at each revolution of the ratchet wheel T¹ by means of
the pin t set in the underside of said wheel T¹ acting upon the free end of the
lever C, which has its fulcrum on the post B¹ and carries the pawl u-which
engages with the teeth cut in the periphery of the wheel A¹ in an obvious manner.
The wheel A¹ may be provided with a greater or less number of teeth, as shown
in Figs. 1 and 8 or 9, and may have one cam ġ attached thereto, as shown in
Fig. 1, or two similar cams q as shown in Fig. 9, or two different cams q
and q', as shown in Fig. 8, or the wheel A¹ may be made of larger diameter and
be provided with a correspondingly increased number of teeth, and have secured
thereto four cams q² of the modified form shewn in Fig. 23, according to the
desired pattern or design to be knit. It will readily be seen that as the wheel A¹
moves only a distance of one tooth to each complete revolution of the wheel T¹ and
that forty eight courses are knit to each revolution of said wheel T", it follows that
whenever the pawl U is thrown out of engagement with the teeth of the wheel T
by the action of either of the cam plates q, q¹, or q², and the motion of the cam
plate X is arrested, the yarn which is then in action and being knit into the fabric
will continue to be so knitted until the wheel A' has moved a sufficient number of
teeth to carry the cam plate q, ql, or q³, past the lever and released the pawl U,
and the result will be that a broad plain portion of the tube will be knit of the
desired length to make two stocking feet or the tops of two legs.
D¹, E, and F¹, are stop pawls which engage respectively with the teeth of the
wheels T, T¹, and A¹, to prevent backward motion thereof, all of the pawls being
pressed into contact with their respective wheels by means of suitable springs
applied thereto. The post B' carries at its upper end the curved." cloth-presser" or
"push back "G', which operates in the usual manner.
"
In Figs. 21 and 22, are shewn modifications of the yarn severing and holding
devices in which the shear blades a and d are mounted upon and supported by the
'push back" G¹ inside of the circular series of needles, and a light leaf spring vis
secured upon the upper edge of the lower cutter a, beneath the free end of which
the yarn is drawn as it is lifted out of action with the "stitch wheel," and by
which its end is held after it is severed by the descent of the cutter blade d.
In Figs. 12, 18, 19, and 20 is shewn another modification of the yarn severing
and holding devices adapted to that form or arrangement of the yarn selecting
mechanism shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14, in which only three yarns are used,
and the yarns are thrown downward to take them out of action with the " stitch
wheel and needles, as shewn and described in my former application before
cited instead of upward, as in the case of the machine shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3,
and 4.
In the machine described in my former application the yarn severing and holding

page_text: devices were mounted upon the "star box" which carried the "stitch wheel," and
was adjustable therewith, which in practice was found to be objectionable, and hence
in the present machine I have mounted said devices upon a support independent
of either of the "star-boxes," and that occupies a fixed position at all times.
The cam X, shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14, extends only about two thirds
around the circumference of a circle, and is adapted, by the peculiar arrangement
of its inclines and off sets, to manipulate the three yarn guiding levers there shown
to throw the yarns beneath the "stitch wheel" instead of above it, to remove
them from action therewith, and into a position to be severed. I have found it
impractical to work more than three yarns of different colors in a machine
organized as shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14; and in order to use four or more
yarns of different colors, I have been compelled to move the yarns upward to
throw them out of action, and to place the severing and holding devices within
the circle of the series of needles, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, which
I have found to operate successfully.
The cams on the wheel A¹, shown in Fig. 23, are designed to operate in
combination with a modified form of pawl tripping devices, shown in Figs. 14
and 16, said cams engaging with the pin 2 set in the underside of a plate ³
mounted upon suitable guiding pins or screws set in the stand 8 secured in a fixed
position upon the bed A, said plate 3 being adapted to be reciprocated in a
direction radial to the axis of the wheel A¹, and provided in its rear end with
a transverse slot through which the pin 8set in the under side of the pawl U
projects, all so arranged that while the inner edge of either of the cams q² is
engaged with the pin the pawl U will be thrown out of action with the teeth
of the wheel T, and so held till the cam q³ has released the pin 2, when the pawl U
will be thrown into engagement with the teeth of the wheel T by the re-action of
the spring 8 in an obvious manner.
With the wheel A¹ constructed as shown in Fig. 8, and provided with the
two cams.q and q¹ of unequal lengths, as shown, a plain band will be knit to form
the top of the stocking leg, then a series of clusters of narrow stripes alternating
with a single broader stripe between each two clusters of narrow stripes, and at
the proper time by the action of the cam q' a broader plain stripe or band will be
knit for the calf of the leg, another series of clusters of narrow stripes alternating
with broader stripes will follow, and when the cam q again comes into action
a broad plain section will be knit from which to form the feet of two stockings.
A different pattern, composed of a plain top, a leg composed of a series of narrow
stripes of different colors, and a plain foot, may be automatically knit upon the
machine represented in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 by simply removing the pin p from
the end of the pawl U, by which act the cam Y will be rendered inoperative, and
as a consequence no broad stripes will be intermingled with the narrow ones. With
the pin p removed and the cam gl applied to the wheel A¹ a single broad stripe or
band will be knit in the centre of the striped portion of the stocking.
The cam Y may be provided with a curved slot t', and the segments Y¹ and Y
may be secured to said cam Y so as to be adjustable thereon as a means of
accurately adjusting the circumferential length of the whole cam, as shewn in
Figure 14.
This method of attaching the segments simplifies the construction of the same,
in that it obviates the necessity of great accuracy in drilling the screw holes or
finishing the forward end of said segments.
In Fig. 24 is shewn a plan of a modified form of pattern cam q³ made in two
halves, and secured to the upper surface of the ratchet wheel A¹, by the use of
which, in combination with the cams X and Y, the ratchet wheels T and T¹, and
the pawls U and U', a stocking having a striped section at the top of the leg with
all the rest of the stocking plain or of one color may be knit automatically, each
revolution of the cam q³ producing a pair of stockings, or the tubular material from
which to form two stockings of the pattern referred to.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing

page_text: it, I would have it understood that I claim as my improvements in circular knitting
machines,―
First. In a circular knitting machine the combination with a series of barbed
or spring needles and a stitch wheel revolving therewith, of pattern mechanism,
three or more vibrating yarn guides, a cutting device for severing the yarn, and a
device for holding the end of the severed yarn, both so located as to sever and
hold the yarn after it has passed the stitch wheel and connecting. mechanism
between the pattern mechanism and the yarn guides and the yarn severing
devices, substantially as described.
Second. In combination with the circular series of barbed or spring needles, and
the stitch wheel of a circular knitting machine, two or more vibrating yarn
guiding levers, a pattern cam, a cutting device for severing the yarns, and a device
for holding the end of the severed yarns, both located within the circle of the
series of needles in a position to sever and hold the yarn after it has passed the
stitch wheel and connecting mechanism between said pattern mechanism, and the
yarn guides, and the yarn severing devices, substantially as described. -
Third. In combination with a circular revolving series of barbed or spring
needles, three or more vibrating yarn guiding levers, a pattern cam, yarn severing
and holding devices, and connecting mechanism between said pattern cam, and the
yarn guides, and severing devices, when said parts are arranged and adapted to
throw the yarns above the stitch wheel and needles to put it out of action there-.
with, substantially as described.
Fourth. In combination with the needle head and working wheels of a spring,
needle circular knitting machine 'provided with two or more yarn guiding levers
and a yarn severing device, the cam W, the lever V, the pawls U and U₁ carried
by the said lever V, the ratchet wheels T and T adapted to move at different
speeds, and the cams X and Y, all arranged to operate substantially as described.
Fifth. In a circular knitting machine the combination of two or more yarn
guiding levers, yarn severing and holding devices; a pattern cam, mechanisın
connecting said pattern cam with the yarn guides and yarn severing devices, the
ratchet wheels T, T', and A¹, cams X, Y, and q, and mechanism for imparting to
said ratchet wheels and cams intermittent rotary motions at different speeds,
substantially as described.
Sixth. In a circular knitting machine the combination of two or more vibrating
yarn guides, a yarn severing device, a yarn holding device, a pattern cam,
mechanism connecting said pattern cam with the yarn guides and the severing device,
the ratchet wheels T and T', the pawls U and U¹, the former provided with the
pin p, the cam Y with or without the segments Y¹ or Y2, the lever V, and the
cam W, all arranged and adapted to operate substantially as described for the
purposes specified.
Seventh. The combination of the ratchet wheel T, the pawl U, the ratchet
wheel A', one or more cams secured upon said wheel A¹, and mechanism connected
with the pawl U, and adapted to be acted upon by said cam or cams carried by the
wheel A to disengage said pawl from the teeth of the wheel T, substantially as
described.
Eighth. The combination of the ratchet wheels T and T¹, the pawls U and U',
means of reciprocating said pawls through strokes of different lengths, the pin t,
the lever C, having mounted thereon the pawl u, the ratchet wheel A', one or
more cams q, and the elbow lever r, all arranged and adapted to operate sub-
stantially as and for the purposes described.
Ninth. The yarn guard plate b provided with the shelf b', spring c, and the
curved finger, all constructed and arranged substantially as described.
Tenth. The combination in a circular knitting machine. of the ratchet wheel T.
having secured thereon the cam X, the ratchet wheel T¹ carrying the cam Y, and
provided with the pin t, the lever C¹ carrying the pawl u, the ratchet wheel A¹,
cam q³, the lever r, and. means of imparting to the wheels T and T¹ intermittent
movements about their axes at different speeds, substantially as described..

page_text: Eleventh. The combination of ratchet wheel T carrying the cam X, two or more
yarn guides operated by said cam X, the ratchet wheel A' carrying one or more
cams g, the plate provided with the pin 2, the pawl U provided with the
pin 8, the lever V, and the cam W, all arranged and adapted to operate sub-
stantially as described.
Twelfth. In a circular knitting machine having a series of barbed or spring
needles arranged to revolve about a common centre, and two or more vibrating
yarn guides carrying yarns of different colors, a yarn severing device, and a yarn
bolding device, both mounted upon and supported by the "push back" sub-
stantially as described.
Thirteenth. In a circular knitting machine provided with means of manipu
lating two or more yarns of different colors, alternately throwing them into and
out of action with the stitch wheel and the needles, the combination of a fixed
cutter blade, a leaf spring secured to the upper edge of said fixed blade, and
co-operating therewith to hold the severed end of the yarn, a movable cutter blade,
and mechanism for imparting to said movable cutter blade an intermittent
vibratory motion, substantially as described.
Fourteenth. The combination of the "push back "G³, fixed cutter blade a, the
spring, the movable cutter blade d, and mechanism for intermittently vibrating
said cutter blade when said parts are arranged relative to each other and to a
circular series of revolving barbed needles, substantially as shown in Figs. 21
and 22.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bradley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventh day of January, One thousand eight hundred and
eighty one.
JOHN BRADLEY. (L.S.)