CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND TWISTING COTTON, SILK, FLAX, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edme Hyppolite Marié at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
October 1854.
I, EDME HYPPOLITE MARIE, Professor of Physics, at Paris, in the French
Empire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND TWISTING COTTON,
SILK, FLAX, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The cotton or other fibrous substance in the state of a band, sliver, or
roving is passed between two drawing rollers, which are placed one beyond
the other, in the direction in which the roving is moving. By this arrange-
ment the roving is made to partially encircle the first roller before passing
between the two rollers, and again to partially encircle the second roller
after passing between them. The rollers are made of wood or other suitable
material, and are covered with vulcanized caoutchouc. Owing to the elasticity
of the caoutchouc and the position of the rollers, the roving is very firmly
held by them when they are only pressed together with a moderate force.
These rollers may also be used in ordinary drawing machines.

page_text: "
The rollers are driven by a pulley and bevil wheels, or in any other suitable
manner. The roving passes from these drawing rollers to another pair of
drawing rollers, one or both of which are covered with vulcanized caoutchouc,
and which are mounted in a frame revolving on hollow bearings. The roving
enters through a fixed hollow bearing, or short tube, and after passing round
and between the drawing rollers, it passes out through the other hollow
bearing, which revolves with the frame. The fixed bearing carries a bevil
wheel, which gives motion through one or more wheels and pinions to the
drawing rollers in the revolving frame.
The distance of the second drawing rollers from the first may be varied, to
adapt them to fibrous substances of different length of staple. The roving, in
passing through the moveable drawing rollers, is extended in length, and at
the same time receives a temporary twist, which it loses on passing the
drawing rollers. The roving or sliver then passes into another revolving frame
with drawing rollers, and which frame also contains a bobbin, which is driven
by a slack band from one of the drawing rollers. The roving is thus twisted
into yarn, and is guided on to the bobbin by a guide, which is worked back-
wards and forwards-by means of a crank, driven by an endless, screw or
otherwise. The whole frame is driven at a considerable vélocity.in.the-oppo-
site direction to the preceding frame, and the relative speed of the drawing
rollers is reduced by wheels and pinions.
In this manner the roving is elongated and spun into yarn. These appa-
ratus may be arranged in frames, in sets of ten or other convenient number,
and driven by the same shaft, which may be stopped when required without
stopping the motion of the other sets. Two or more of these yarns are
twisted together; when required, by means of a revolving frame, carrying
within it two or more distinct revolving frames with bobbins, like that last
described, and driven by geering in the contrary direction to the frame which
.carries them. These -frames are, however, used in the converse manner to
that herein-before described, for they are charged with bobbins of yarn, and
the yarn is drawn off by means of rollers. The two or more yarns issue from
the hollow axes of their respective frames, and pass together through the
hollow axis of the outer or main frame, by whose motion they are twisted
together. Two or more of these compound frames may be placed in proxi-
mity to each other, and the compound threads or strands which they produce
may be twisted together by a revolving frame and bobbin, similar to that
herein-before described, for spinning the yarn, but without the drawing rollers.
By constructing the apparatus of suitable dimensions, according to the pur-

page_text: pose for which it is intended, it may be employed for the manufacture of ropes
and cables, or for thread of various degrees of fineness.
The roving may be conducted through several pairs of fixed and moveable
drawing rollers in succession, in lieu of only passing through one pair of each
construction, as herein-before mentioned.