AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MAKING AND SMELTING PIG IRON
Year: 1832

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
TEAGUE, of Park End Ironworks, in the Forest of Dean, in the County of
Gloucester, Iron Master, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Seventeenth day of January, in the second year
of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Moses Teague, His especial licence, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Moses Teague, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Moses Teague, my exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MAKING AND
SMELTING PIG IRON;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that I, the said Moses Teague, shall cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
four calendar months next and immediately. after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Moses Teague, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, is particularly described and ascer-
tained by the following description thereof, reference being had to the
Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:-
said furnaces or capilos;
contain certain portions,
This improvement consists in making use of or employing the flame and
heat (heretofore, discharged into the open air) from the tops or tunnel heads of
blast furnaces or cupilos used for the making and smelting of pig iron, by
means whereof the said flame and heat is made to act upon the ores, mines,
and minerals about to be smelted previous to the same being deposited into
the interior of the furnace or capilo.. The material is thereby acted upon with
additional heat, which would otherwise pass away without producing effect,
and the preparation for smelting so much forwarded as to require considerably
less fuel, blast, and time in the operation. The method of applying the same
is by diverting the flame and heat (usually passing out of blast furnaces or
capilos into the open air), and causing the same to pass in, upon, or through
one or more ovens, stoves, buildings, or erections to be fixed on, in, or upon, or
near to or adjoining the tops or tunnel heads of the
which said ovens, stoves, &c., &c. are made to
quantities, or charges of the materials intended to be smelted, which being
previously deposited therein, the heat and flame so diverted is made to act
thereon, the said flame and heat is diverted from its usual course, and driven
or discharged into or through the said ovens, stoves, &c., &c., by partially
contracting or stopping up altogether the tops or tunnel heads of the said
blast furnaces or capilós either permanently with brick, masons' work, or any
other mode, or by one or more moveable dampers, doors, or valves, to be fixed
on, in, or upon them, or the said ovens, stoves, &c., &c. By this means the
flame and heat is diverted and caused to pass into or through the ovens or
stoves, which have one or more chimneys or flues attached thereto, in order to
carry off the superfluous heat; flame, and sulphur. The shape, size, and
number of the said ovens, stoves, or chambers for containing the ore, mine, or
mineral, might be varied according to the size of the furnace or capilo, and
the quantity of materials used in each load or charge, but the more surface
can be obtained (provided a sufficient quantity of heat and flame can be brought
to act thereon) the better, as the materials to be smelted can be more thinly
spread, and consequently present a greater surface to be acted upon by the
said heat and flame. Subjoined are Drawings which will afford every facility -
to any experienced workman, so as to enable him to construct the stoves

page_text: or chambers, chimnies, and dampers, on the principle contained in my
Specification, which may nevertheless be varied according to situation- and
circumstances..
7
Fig.1, elevation. A, the tunnel head or top of an iron furnace, the interior
of which is closed by a moveable damper or fixed arch of brick work, which is
shewn in the section. At B, B the feeding hole closes by a damper, through
which the charcoal, coke, coal, or any other fuel is put into the furnace, which
damper or door is made of cast iron, or any other material that will stand heat;
is elevated or depressed by means of a lever and weight marked C. :D, D,
exhibit two of the four openings into the stove, into which the mine or other.
substances are deposited to be acted upon by the flame before it escapes up
the flue or chimney. E, E. These openings are shewn closed with their
respective dampers, which are raised by levers when the mine and other
substances are, to be deposited in the stove. F shews the damper on the top
of the flue or chimney, which serves to regulate the draft.
Fig. 1, section, exhibits half of the interior of the tunnel head.-A, A, the
aperture which is closed by means of the damper B. C, the stove through
which the flame is made to circulate and act upon the mine and other sub-
stances deposited on the plate or bottom³ D.
Fig. 1, plan. A the aperture or top of the tunnel head below the damper,
out of which the flame and heat is diverted in one body or volume in a circular
direction through the stove B, B, B, B, and up the flue or chimney C. D, the
tipping plate before the loading door. E, E, E, E, E, piers on which the arch
forming the roof of the stove rests.
Fig. 2, elevation.-A, the tunnel head, with four stoves in communication
therewith, two of which, C, C, are only externally visible. These are repre-
sented with closed apertures, as in Fig. 1. D, D, D, D, the four flues or
chimnies through which the heat and flame passes from the four stoves.
These chimnies have dampers, as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 2, section, shews the interior of one of the stoves in connexion
with the interior of the tunnel bead.-A, the stove; B, the flue or chimney;
C, the shelf or bottom, on which the mine and other substances are laid;
D, the interior of the tunnel head, from which the flame and heat is diverted.
Fig. 2, plan. A, the bottom of the tunnel head; B, B, B, B, the bottom
plates of the stoves, on which the mine and other substances are placed, to be
acted upon by the flame and the heat; C, C, C, C, C, partitions of brick or
stone which separate the stoves and support the roofs, &c. If it is required,
the furnace may be made to act with the chimney only, and a damper thereon
to regulate the draft. By this means a considerable saving may be made

page_text: in blast, which, according to the height of the chimney, may be diminished in
proportion to the extent of the draft.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Teague, have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Fifteenth day of May in the year of our Lord.
Inrolled the Seventeenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-two.