IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKING WASHERS FOR SCREW NUTS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKING WASHERS FOR SCREW NUTS."
-A communication from abroad by John Purdic, of Buffalo, New
York, United States of America, Manufacturer.
Sealed the 8th July 1873, and dated the 20th January 1873.
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 20th January 1873, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 20th January 1873, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOCKING WASHERS FOR SCREW NUTS," and have petitioned Her Majesty

page_text: to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal
Lotters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that it
has been communicated to me from abroad by John Purdic, of Buffalo,
New York, United States of America, Manufacturer.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and scal, fully
describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the accompanying Drawing forming a part of this
Specification.
This Invention consists, first, in a washer provided with one or more
pivoted dogs so arranged as to enter a recess in the washer plate when
the nut is being turned home, and swing out by the side of the nut
when the nut is tightened, and remain in this projecting position by
reason of its gravity, thereby preventing the unscrewing and loosening 1
of the nut; second, in the combination with the hinged dog of a locking
washer of a spiral spring and a locking notch so arranged that the dog
when swung out against the side of the nut after the latter is tightened
is forced by the said spiral spring laterally into the notch to be locked
in position; third, in a washer provided with a pivoted dog, which is
locked in place by a flange thereof, overlapped or caught by the corner
of the nut when turned slightly backward.

page_text: It is evident that the nut will be locked by the dog B at every quarter
revolution. By arranging two dogs in the washer plate at an angle of 45°
to each other, the nut is locked at every one-eighth of a revolution.
In Figures 6, 7, and 8 a similar locking washer is shewn applied to
the horizontal bolt of a fish joint. E is the washer plate resting on the i
bottom flange of the rail to prevent the turning thereof. a is the
vertical slot or recess formed in one side of the same for the reception
of the dog B, which is inserted from the rear and pivoted therein, as
clearly shewn. In screwing the nut home the dog B is pushed out of
the way by the corners of the nut, so as to lic in the recess a, as in 1
Figure 8; after the nut is tightened the dog is swung out, as in Figure 7,
and held in this downwardly inclined position by gravity, whereby the
nut is kept from turning back and becoming loosened by the vibration.
to which the rails are subjected.
In Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 a locking washer is shewn adapted to
be used at the upper ends of vertical bolts. His the circular washer
provided with the slot a', in which the dog B' is pivoted in the manner
herein-before described, and secured against accidental disengagement
by a stop plate i fastened in the washer, and resting against its under
side. The slot a' is made somewhat wider than the length of the pivot
of the dog so as to allow the latter a limited lateral movement in the
same. The pivot is provided with a spiral spring k, the ends of which
engage in sockets in the pivot and washer plate respectively. It serves
to throw the dog when in an upright or projecting position into a notch
or catch 7, so as to secure it in this position, as shown in Figure 12.
The dog is in this manner prevented from swinging down into the recess
or slot a¹ of the washer plate, as shown in Figure 11, until pushed
laterally, so as to disengage it from the catch &, as shown in Figure 13.
The under side of the washer plate when used on wood is provided with
several ribs to prevent its turning while tightening the nut. The washer:
plate may also be cast hollow if desired to economize metal, leaving a
narrow flange at the circumference and a projecting hub around the
bolt hole in the centre.
In Figures 14, 15, and. 10 is represented a modified form of this
device. The washer is cast in the form shown, leaving a hub M pro-
jecting from its face side, and a recess for the reception of that part o
of the dog which lies beneath the plane of the face of the washer. When

page_text: the dog is turned down in place, as shown in Figure 14, o' is the pro-
jecting main part of, the dog, which acts as a lock for the nut. It is
connected to a pivot p and has a thin projecting part p³, which falls
into the recess n and is overlapped by a corner of the nut when the
latter is turned slightly backward, as shown in dotted lines Figuro 14;
thus the portion o' of the dog locks the nut while the corner of the
latter in turn locks the dog. The pivot p turns in two knuckles q, q',
the socket of the former being provided with a spiral spring ", which
throws the dog against the other knuckle q'. The latter is provided
with an oblique or cam shaped inner edge, against which the web of the
dog rests, said cam terminating at its inner end in a locking notch or
recess 8, into which the web of the dog is forced by the spring ", when
the dog is in locking position, one corner of the nut catching over the
portion p of the dog, while the main portion of the latter rests against
the square side of the nut.
In order to open the dog the nut is turned forward so as to clear the
portion p¹ of the dog when the latter is pushed in the direction of its
pivot, compressing its spring and releasing the dog from the catch &;
it can then be swung out of the way. The knuckles of the pivot may
be cast with a notch or opening at one side to allow the pivot to be
shipped in place. The lips of this notch should be long, and being
made of malleable iron they may be bent down or hooked over the
socket to close upon the pivot.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,―
First. The combination with the washer plate of a pivotted dog or a

page_text: Third. A washer provided with a pivoted dog having the locking
parts, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January, in the
year of our Lord, One thousand eight hundred and seventy- 5
three.
Witness,
W. J. LOWE.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.s.)