IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEAMING
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Smith, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
and Enoch Harrison, of Manchester, in the same County, Manufacturers,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
WARPING AND BEAMING."
Sealed the 16th January 1857, and dated the 19th July 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith and Enoch
Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th July 1856.
We, JOHN SMITH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, and ENOCH
HARRISON, of Manchester, in the same County, Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEAMING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, of using an additional heck, which is placed
between the lease heck and the half bear peg box. This additional heck
does not affect the warping, except when the warper takes the half bear
lease, when it enables him to subdivide every half bear into three parts, so
preparing the warps that the beamer can lay them with despatch into a comb
which contains three times the number of dents that the wraith contains,
causing thereby the warp to be opened into three times the number of divisions
it would otherwise have been. Secondly, in soldering the comb between every

page_text: third dent to the depth of about half an inch, so that, when the beamer has
laid in the warp, by raising the comb, a lease is made of one dent above and
two dents below, which enables the beamer to introduce a pair of opening
rollers, preparing the warp so as to prevent it sticking or breaking the yarn
whilst passing through the comb to the beam. By this plan, the beamer first
lays into the wraith three of the subdivided parts into every dent, then lays
every subdivided part into each dent of the comb, and by raising the comb
which strikes the lease as before stated, introduces the opening rollers. The
beamer next introduces the regular splitting rollers when he is ready to put
the warp on the yarn beam; thus he holds the wraith in his hands as before,
the warp first passing through it to the splitting rollers which split the warp
into two equal parts, then through the opening rollers which split the warp
into four divisions in depth, besides opening it in width to prepare it for the
comb through which it passes to the beam.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Smith and Euoch Harrison in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SMITH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, and ENOCH HARRISON, of
Manchester, in the same County, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Smith, and Enoch Harrison, Her special license that we, the said
John Smith and Enoch Harrison, our executors, administrators, and
or such others as we, the said John Smith and Enoch Harrison, our executors, administrators, and assigns
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEAMING,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Smith and Enoch
Harrison, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or the band and seal of one of us, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great

page_text: Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Smith, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Enoch Harrison, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, of using an additional "heck," which is
placed between the lease heck and the half beer peg box; this additional
heck does not affect the warping, except when the warper takes the half
beer lease, when it enables him to subdivide every half beer into three
or the same effect may be produced by a single heck only
parts, so preparing the warps, that the beamer can lay them with despatch-
into a "comb" which contains three times the number of dents that the
into
wraith contains, causing thereby the warp to be opened with three times
the number of divisions it would otherwise have been. Secondly, in soldering
the comb between every third dent to the depth of about half an inch,
so that when the beamer has laid in the warp, by raising the comb, a
lease is made of one dent above and two dents below, which enables the
beamer to introduce a pair of opening rollers, preparing the warp so as to
prevent it sticking or breaking the yarn whilst passing through the comb
to the beam. By this plan the beamer commences by laying into the comb
three of the subdivided parts, which he passes forward into one dent of the
wraith, until he has laid the whole into the comb and wraith. He next raises
the comb, which strikes the lease as before stated, and introduces the opening
rollers, which divide every half beer into six parts. The beamer next introduces
the regular splitting rollers, when he is ready to put the warp on the yarn
beam; thus he holds the wraith in his bands as before, the warp first passing
two equal parts, then through the opening rollers which split the warp into
through it to the splitting rollers which split the warp into four divisions in
depth, besides opening it in width to prepare it for the comb through which it
passes to the beam.
The first part of our improvements is so simple as to be understood from the
explanation; but the second part is illustrated by the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, with the figures and letters of reference thereon, in which Fig. 1 is
a longitudinal elevation, in section, of part of a machine for beaming warps, to
which our improvements are attached; and Fig. 2, an enlarged view of part of
the comb; at a is shewn the wraith; b, the ordinary splitting rollers; c, our
additional opening rollers; d, the comb placed in a frame e attached to the
main frame; f, the yarn or warp from the opening rollers c, and the comb d,

page_text: passes over a roller or beam g, to the yarn beam h, which, when desired, is
furnished with a presser roller i; the roller or beam g being for the purpose
of preventing the friction of the warp against the comb frame e; thus it will be
perceived, that the warp k is split into two portions by the rollers b, and after-
wards into four divisions in depth, besides being opened in width by the opening
rollers c, thereby effectually preparing it to be wound on the yarn beam in
single threads without sticking, which produces not only better work, but
allows a much greater quantity of warp to be placed on the beam, &c.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of our said Invention,
we desire it to be distinctly understood that we do not confine ourselves to the
exact details herein set forth; but we claim the improved methods of warping
and beaming, as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Smith, for and on behalf of myself
and the said Enoch Harrison, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Seventeenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named John Smith, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JOHN SMITH. (L.S.)