HAVING BROUGHT TO PERFEC- TION CERTAIN NEW METHODS AND IMPROVEMENTS OF CONSTRUCTING THE AIR PUMP; AND SUNDRY OTHER PARTS BELONGING TO A STEAM ENGINE, BY WHICH A CONSIDERABLE SAVEING WILL BE MADE IN THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL, AND AN INCREASED POWER OBTAINED
Year: 1801

page_text: KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that I, MATTHEW MURRAY,
of 'Leeds, in' the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
Letters Patent under 'the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fourth day of August, in the forty-first year of His reign, gave
and granted unto me; the said Matthew Murray, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, His especial licence, full power, solé privilege and authority, that
I, 'the said Matthew Murray,' my executors, 'administrators, and assigns, and
every of them, by myself or themselves, or by my or their deputy or deputies,
servants or agents, or such others as I; the said Matthew Murray; my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others; from
time to time and at all times hereafter during the term of fourteen years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend; within that
part of the Kingdom of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "HAVING BROUGHT TO PERFEC-
TION CERTAIN NEW METHODS AND IMPROVEMENTS OF CONSTRUCTING THE AIR PUMP;
AND SUNDRY OTHER PARTS BELONGING TO A STEAM ENGINE, BY WHICH A CONSIDERABLE
SAVEING WILL BE MADE IN THE CONSUMPTION OF FUEL, AND AN INCREASED POWER
OBTAINED;" in which said Letters Patent- is contained a proviso as or to the
effect following, (that is to say,) that if I, the said Matthew Murray should not
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately

page_text: after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent,
and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly
ccase, determine, and become void, as in and by the same in part recited Letters
Patent, relation being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with and agreeable to the true
intent and meaning of the said proviso in the said Letters Patent contained,
I, the said Matthew Murray, do hereby declare that the following is a par-
ticular description of the nature of my said Invention of New Methods and Im-
provements on the Steam Engine, both in respect to principles and to the way
and manner in which they are performed and rendered practically useful (that
is to say) :-
First, in respect to principles of the new air pump:-I cause the air to be
discharged from the air pump without its having to make any effort in opening
of valves or pressing through a body of water, and in causing the water and
the air to be discharged separately and different ways. This is effected by
discharging the air alone by one buckett, and the water alone by another,
or. by an eduction pipe of twenty-eight feet in length, as in the Fig.
No. 1,2, 3,
Secondly, an improved method of packing the cylinder lid, stuffing boxes for
valves, &c. I cause the removeable parts of cach to come in immediate con-
tact with one another. This is effected by placing the necessary packing on the
upper side of the cylinder lid (instead of being betwixt the cylinder and lid as
formerly), which prevents the piston rod receiving friction from any oblique
pressure by the cylinder lid being screwed down more upon one side than the
other, which is unavoidably the case in all other methods of packing lids,
valves, stuffing boxes, and other similar things, where great accuracy is
required, as in Fig. No. 4.
Thirdly, an improvement in the valves and working geer, the principle
of which consists in the advantageous form in which they are made, and in the
two uppermost valves being inverted, and the communication by the valve rods
passing through reservoirs of oil or other liquid matter, which will prevent
any air getting into the engine to impair the vacuum. The new principle of the
cylinder lid is here applied in fixing the stuffing boxes for the valves and valve
box lids, which is of the utmost importance to their operating well, as the
oblique pressure (which cannot be prevented in the old method) throws the
valves out of their seats, and renders them proportionally imperfect, Fig. No. 5.
Fourthly, a new principle of opening and shutting the valves by a circular
motion (instead of the plug and hand geer now in use), which prevents the
engine making a false stroke or turning the wrong way round, by which

page_text: means a steam engine is rendered as steady in its motion as a water wheel, as
in Fig. No. 6, 7, 8, 9.
Fifthly, a new method of connecting the piston rod to the parallel motion, as
described in Fig. No. 10.
Sixthly, an improved method of constructing fire-places for consuming the
smoak arising from steam engines and other fires, Fig. 11.
Now I do declare that the six above-mentioned principles comprehend
the real object of my Inventions. And in order for the better comprehension
and understanding how the aforesaid may be reduced to practical use, I do
hereby further declare that although I vary my mode of construction, 'as
a difference of circumstances may require, to produce the same effect, and
obtain the main purposes intended, yet I principally adhere to the methods
herein described as being fully answerable to what is required, and best calcu-
lated to be understood from the Drawings and descriptions thereof; and the
same is described fully in the Drawing or Plan added hereto, and contained in
the skin of parchment hereunto annexed.
Fig. 1, 2, and 3, are plans exhibiting the principle of the air pump. A, the
condenser; B, the air pump; C, the air piston; D, the air valve, which is
opened and shut by the working parts of the engine, and have an elastic rod;
E, the valve for discharging the air; F, the exhausting pipe, having a free
communication betwixt the condenser and the top of the air pump when the
valve D is open; G, the eduction pipe; H, a buckett and ballance valve
for discharging the water down the bored eduction pipe, in Fig. 3; I, the
delivering valve for the water, in Fig. 2 and 3; K, in Fig. 1, a buckett
for lifting the water upwards, as in a common pump; L, a foot valve for pre-
venting the return of the water during the descent of the buckett K; M, the
barrel of the pump for discharging the water alone; N, N, in Fig. 2, an educ-
tion pipe, thirty feet long or upwards, where the water is discharged by its own
gravity, and may be attached to the air pump or condenser, as the dotted lines
doth shew.
Fig. 4, exhibiting the principle of the cylinder top, stuffing boxes for valves,
&c. A, A, the cylinder lid; B, B, the top ring, that is screwed down with bolts
to the flange of the cylinder; C, C, the packing of paper, hemp, or other mate-
rials, laid on to the cylinder lid A, and under the top ring B; 'D, D, a shoulder
bored into the top of the cylinder, for the lid A to be turned and ground into.
This method äpplies to steam cylinders, air pumps; stuffing boxes for valves, as
is shewn in the other Figures:

page_text: Fig. 5, plan of the working valves and side pipes. A, A, A, the rods that
lift the valves; B, B, stuffing boxes for the valves to work through, fixed in
the same manner as the cylinder lid in Figure 4; C, C, rings for fixing in the
stuffing boxes; D, D, D, mortises for the leevers for opening the valves; E, E,
are the two inverted top valves; E, F, are reservoirs for holding oil or other
liquid matter; G, G, two circular valve boxes for admiting the steam..
Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 shew the principle of opening and shutting the valves by
a circular motion. A, the axle, tree; B, a wheel to be turned from the motion
of the fly-wheel, or other, parts of the engine or millwork; C, C, C, C, cranks
with rollers fixed upon-the axletree A, parallel to each other, or at right angles,
as, circumstances may require; D, D, circular box rods for receiving alternate
motion from the circular motion of the cranks C, C; E, E, tappit plates for the
cranks to work against; F, F, leevers for the mortises D,,D, D, in Fig. 5, for
lifting the valves; -:
'H
{
'
i !
Fig. 8 and 9 shew the same principle, but differ from the other by having
streight plates to work against instead of circular ones: G, G,.G, G, handles
for setting the engine to work, and may be supported at H, H, H, H. The axle-
trees. A, A, must make the same number of revolutions.,as; the engine does,
strokes, which, may be easily, regulated by the wheel work.
Fig. 10, shewing the method of connecting the piston rod to the parallel
motion. A, the piston rod; B, the top cone end of the rod; C, two,
half sockets which fit the cone end of the rod; D, the outermost socket-;
E, the cone part of this socket, fitting the, outside of the sockets C; F;
the cotter for pressing the rod A, with its sockets C, into the cone part of the
outside sockett D, which fixes the whole together as in one piece, without
cutting holes in the rod, as is, the case in the old method.
Fig. 11, shewing the method of constructing a fire-place for consuming..of
smoke. A, the boiler; B, B, B, B, brickwork; C, the tunnel for conveying
coals to the fire; D, a sliding plate for lessening the aperture of the funnel, and
regulating the quantity of coals in going in; E, the fire-place; F, the grate
barrs, lying in a frame, and running-upon-a joint at Figure 1; 2; the.grate barrs
lowered down for the purpose of cleaning out the fire;, G, charging box for.
pushing the fire farther on the grate barrs, and making room for; fresh coals as
the other is consumed; this box is filled with holes, for the. purpose of letting
air into the fire,; H, a small, wheel and rack for working the charging box G
in large fires, but the box may be thrust in by the handle I, in small ones; K, a
lever for turning the wheel H; 3, plan of the grate barrs frame, 'taken out of

page_text: its place to shew the pivotts that it turns upon when it is lowered to clean
out the fire; 4, plan of the charging box G, to shew the method of working
it by wheelwork, either by a hand or by a motion from the engine.
its place to shew the pivotts that it turns upon when it is lowered to clean
out the fire; 4, plan of the charging box G, to shew the method of working
it by wheelwork, either by a hand or by a motion from the engine.
In witness whereof, I,. the said Matthew Murray, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of September, in the year of our Lord
JOSEPH HICK, of the same place, Gentleman.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same First day of September,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Mathew Murray came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And
also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case made and provided.