IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jacob Moeckel, of Rouen, in the Empire of
France, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 20th February 1868, and dated the 28th August 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jacob Moeckel
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th August 1862.
I, JOHN JACOB MOECKEL, of Rouen, in the Empire of France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the self-acting mule, and consists of improved
self-acting mechanism for regulating the action of the nut of the quadrant
during the formation of the bottom of the cop. One of the band or chain
pulleys connected to the carriage carries on a crank pin a pinion which
revolves round and gears into two toothed wheels, one having one tooth more
than the other. One of the said wheels is stationary, and the other revolves
and gears into a larger toothed wheel working on a stud fixed to the carriage and
giving motion to a plate having in it an eccentric slot, which as it turns gives
motion to a rod-connected to one end of a lever on the counter faller shaft.
To the other end of this lever is connected one end of a chain, the other end

page_text: of which is attached to another lever on the same faller shaft. The chain at
the bottom is connected to a brake lever for acting on a band or chain pulley
attached to the carriage and communicating motion to the screw of the
quadrant. When the brake is relieved from the pulley the latter resumes its
rotation round the band, and the nut of the quadrant remains at rest, and the
time at which this operation is performed is regulated or determined by the
before-mentioned differential wheels and parts connected with them. The
brake is suspended during the operation of spinning by connecting one end of
the chain to a lever on the faller shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Jacob Moeckel in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th February 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JACOB MOECKEL, of Rouen, in the Empire of France, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Jacob Moeckel, Her special licence, that I, the said John
Jacob Moeckel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Jacob Moeckel, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON,
WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Jacob Moeckel, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jacob Moeckel, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to the self-acting mule, and consists of an improved
self-acting regulator with a differential stretcher for regulating the action of
the nut on the screw of the quadrant during the formation of the bottom
of the cop. One of the band or chain pulleys connected to the carriage
carries on a crank pin a pinion, which revolves round and gears into two
toothed wheels, one having one tooth more than the other. One of the said
wheels is stationary, and the other revolves and gears into a larger toothed
wheel working on a stud fixed to the carriage and gives motion to a plate
having in it an eccentric slot, which as it turns gives motion to a rod con-
nected to one end of a lever on the counterfaller shaft. To the other end of
this lever is connected one end of a chain, the other end of which is attached
to another lever on the same faller shaft. The chain at the bottom is con-
nected to a brake lever for acting on a brake pulley fixed to a band or chain
pulley attached to the carriage and communicating motion to the screw of the
quadrant. When the brake is relieved from the pulley the latter resumes its
rotation round the band and the nut of the quadrant remains at rest, and the
time at which this operation is performed is regulated or determined by the
before-mentioned differential wheels and parts connected with them. The
brake is suspended during the operation of spinning the other part of the cop
by connecting one end of the chain to a lever on the faller shaft.
This Invention will be clearly understood by referring to the figures and
letters on the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings, in which Figs. 1 and 2
are side and front elevations of a quadrant and other parts of a self-acting
mule, having my improved self-acting regulator for regulating the movement
of the nut on the screw of the quadrant during the formation of the bottom
of the cop.
A represents the counterfaller shaft, on which works a compensating
lever B connected by the stud a to one end of a connecting rod C, attached
at its other end by the nuts b, b, to the fork D, having a pin c fitting an
eccentric slot d, d, in the toothed wheel E which works on the stud F, and
has one hundred and ten teeth. The quadrant is shewn at H, its screw at I,
and nut at J, to which is attached the winding chain K. To the bottom of
the screw I is fixed the bevil wheel L gearing into another bevil wheel M
working on a stud e fixed to the centre of the quadrant. To the boss of the
bevil wheel M is fixed a chain wheel N having twenty-five teeth, into which
is geared the endless chain f, which also gears in the guide wheel O of
fourteen teeth, in the tension wheel P of fourteen teeth, in the wheel Q of

page_text: twenty-two teeth, fixed to the friction pulley R, and in the differential wheel S
working on the stud 9 fixed to the small frame U attached to the travelling
carriage, there being a guide h for keeping the chain in its place. To the
chain wheel S is fixed a.stud or crank pin i carrying a pinion k of twenty-two
teeth, which gears into and works round the toothed wheels l, m, in the centre
of the wheel S. The wheel has twenty-nine teeth and is fixed to the stud g,
and the wheel m has thirty teeth, and works loose on the boss of the wheel l.
The faller shaft is shewn at V, it carries a lever W, having attached to it one
end of a chain X, the other end of which is connected to the friction lever n.
To the lever B is attached one end of the chain o, which is passed round the
pulley p on the friction lever n, and has its other end attached to the counter-
faller arm Z.
It is well known that in the ordinary self-acting spinning mule the counter
wire, which is intended to give an uniform tension to the thread, is free when
winding the thread on the spindles. Thus it exercises its tension upon the
thread, which causes it to oscillate according to the degree of tension. When
the thread drops the counter wire oscillates from bottom to top, when the
thread is tight it oscillates from top to bottom. In the latter case the arm Z
of the counter shaft in its descending motion allows the chain o to descend.
The friction lever n, which forms part of the mule, is connected with the
chain o, as soon as the arm Z is arrived at the position where the regulator
is desired to act, the friction lever n weighs on the pulley R, which is fixed
to the wheel Q gearing with the chain f. The wheel Q is immediately held
in position by the friction lever n drawing the chain f in the direction of the
return motion of the frame; in being so drawn the chain f puts in notion the
wheel M, which in its turn communicates its motion to the screw I, by the
intermediate bevil wheels M and L, and so causes the nut J to ascend. During
the working of the screw I the thread retakes its ordinary tension, the counter
wire rises, and the arni Z is lifted up drawing the chain o, which immediately
disengages the friction lever n from the pulley R, and then the latter, as well
as the wheel Q, resume their rotation and enable the chain f and the screw I
to remain at rest.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DIFFERENTIAL STRETCHER.

page_text: and gradually draws away the nut from the centre of the quadrant till the
foot of the cop is completely formed. The length of the thread necessary
to joint the point of the spindles at the moment the rod rises diminishes as
the spindle is covered with cotton, although maintaining to the thread the
same tension. In order to maintain uniformly this gradual tension it is
necessary that the counter wire should gradually fall at each return of the
carriage from the first winding till the foot of the cop is completely formed.
This gradual tension is obtained by means of the differential wheel E with
an eccentric slot. Each time the regulator works the number of turns or
fraction of a turn which the tension of the thread communicates to the
wheel N are transmitted as an increase of speed to the differential wheel S,
by the endless chain f. The pinion K carried by the rim of the wheel N
turns around the twenty-nine toothed fixed wheel 7, and gears at the same
time with the moveable wheel m of thirty teeth. Each time the wheel S
makes a revolution on account of the tension of the thread the pinion K has
rolled twenty-nine teeth round the wheel l, and as the pinion K gears at the
same time into the wheel m of thirty teeth the latter is retarded one tooth
each turn of the wheel S. The differential tooth wheel E gearing with the
wheel m is so advanced in different proportion according as the tension of
the thread requires it. The eccentric slot in the wheel E in its movement
acts upon the pin c, the fork D, the connecting rod C, and the lever B, which
latter in its movement from the bottom to the top raises gradually (by means
of the chain o which is fixed to it) the friction lever n, and causes the arm Z
to fall gradually, so as to make the friction act. The compensation of the
differential tension of the thread is thus established by the differential wheel E
by means of the eccentric slot adapted to it. It moves gradually until the
foot of the cop is formed, from this moment the regulator remains at rest.
Whenever the operation is re-commenced the workman turns the screw I for
replacing the nut J in its first position, and the apparatus is also replaced in
its first position. The tension of the thread may be regulated at pleasure, as
the slot in the lever B allows the stroke of the lever to be augmented or
diminished according as the stud a is approached to or drawn away from the
centre of motion of the lever B. In order to prevent the friction lever from
acting upon the pulley R during the spinning I employ the lever W, to which
is fixed one end of the chain X, and the other end attached to the friction
lever n. The shaft V being at rest the lever W is regulated so as to keep
the friction lever n suspended during the outward motion of the frame or
during spinning.
I may here remark that I have given the numbers of the teeth of the

page_text: wheels in order to explain their action, but it is evident that these numbers
may be varied to a great extent, and still give by means of the revolving
pinion and eccentric slot a slow differential movement to the lever B.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention and
the manner in which the same to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I do not claim the friction apparatus, nor the band or chain wheels, nor
the chain connected to the fallers; but what I claim in self-acting spinning
mules is,―
First, the wheel E with the eccentric slot d, the fork D, the pin c, and the
connecting rod C for obtaining and transmitting differential motion to the
compensating lever B.
Secondly, the pinion k gearing into the fixed wheel and loose wheel m
which gears into the wheel E and gives it a slow motion.
And, thirdly, the lever W and chain X for preventing the action of the
friction lever during the spinning, as such improvements are herein described 1
and illustrated in the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Jacob Moeckel, have hereunto
set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.