AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS OR GASES
Year: 1883

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 16th day of August 1886, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
[The Amendments are shown in erased and italic type.]
LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for
an Invention of AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING
TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS OR GASES a communication to him from
abroad by Otto Obermaier, of Lambrecht, in the kingdom of Bavaria
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION; left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "AN IMPROVED METHOD.
OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS OR GASES,"
a communication to me from abroad by Otto Obermaier, of Lambrecht, in the
kingdom of Bavaria,
This invention has for its object the simple and effective treatment of textile
materials with liquids or gases.
It consists chiefly in forcing a continuous current of liquid through a perforated
upright pipe placed inside a perforated receptacle in which the material to he
treated is placed and pressed at will and which receptacle is placed in a tank.
The upright pipe passes through the bottom of the tank and is connected with
a pump which forces liquid from the tank to pass through the pipe and from
there through the textile material before returning to the tank. As the pump
draws liquid from the bottom of the tank, a continuous circulation of the liquid is
maintained.
The receptacle is provided with a lid secured by a screw-joint, which allows the
lid to be easily removed or tightened in order to exert a greater or smaller pressure
on the textile material.
The diameter of the perforations of the inner pipe is larger than that of the
perforations in the outer surface of the receptacle, in order to ensure that the liquid
passes with great force through the whole surface, and consequently through the
entire charge of textile material.
The drying of textile materials is effected by means of a tubular boiler which
receives the air discharged by a fan or blower, and from which the air passes to
an inner cylinder or receptacle before penetrating into the material contained in
the outer cylinder.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th October 1883.
1
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF-AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS OR GASES,"
a communication to me from abroad by Otto Obermaier, of Lambrecht, in the
kingdom of Bavaria,
"The dyeing bleaching and washing of textile material by means of centrifugal
force has been tried before (ns shown by the apparatus and methods of Townsend,
Grothe, Kesseler, Bakendale and others), which apparati however have not answered
the purpose required inasinuch as the results obtained were unequal.
The apparatus hereinafter described and represented by Figs. 1 and 2 of the accom-
panying drawings is designed to avoid the drawbacks of the apparati hitherto used.
The apparatus, embodying this invention, comprises a receptacle or vessel
composed of two concentrical cylinders C B.
The ratio between the diameters of the two cylinders is generally about 1 to 5,
but this ratio depends on various other arrangements which are governed by the
nature and composition of the liquids used for the operation, as well as by the
character and shape of the textile material to be treated in the apparatus.
The small inner cylinder C is open at both ends and provided below with a
strong prolongation a with flange 6, while its upper part may be provided with
various appliances according to circumstances. This small cylinder forms a stationary
column.
The space M between the inner cylinder C and the outer cylinder B is shut off
below by a solid watertight bottom or circular plate d. The walls of the two
cylinders are perforated. The cylinder C is closed by a screw nut h h which
receives the screw spindle g acting by means of the plate ff on the neck ce
which terminates with a piston cover E E situated in the space M, so that
the piston-cover or piston E E may be moved up and down by means of the
rod g.
After having piled up the textile materials (such as woven fabrics, flocks,
ribbons, thread, yarn) in the space M, they are compressed (more or less strongly
according to their structure) by lowering the piston cover E in such a manner
that such material or mass is firmly maintained in the receptacle, that is to say,
so that all the fibres are as immovable as possible and that the material is com-
pressed into a uniformly compact mass, and remains in the same state during the
whole of the operation.
This treatment constitutes one of the principal features of the present improve-
ments,

page_text: When the space M of the receptacle is filled and the whole mass of the
introduced material compressed, the receptacle. is lifted by means of a crane
and placed in the concentric opening P of a receptacle A in such a manner that
the neck bis fitted to the prolongation of the small cylinder C exactly above
the flange i of the conducting pipe N (which serves to conduct the acting liquids in
the-shape-of-drops or vapours from the centrifugal pump G) which may be carried
out easily and accurately by means of the through a perforated conical cover m.
L
This cover m. is fitted in such a manner as to enclose the bottom of the receptacle A
between its flanges n and the flange i.
The two surfaces of the flanges n, m are polished or dressed in such a manner
that no special joint is required to connect the same, the weight of the receptacle
being sufficient to prevent the loosening of the joining surfaces.
The upper rim P of the larger cylinder B is bent outward, and supported by the
concentrical rim of the cover Ŏ of the receptacle A. which joint is at once tightened
by means of the liquids.
"
The larger receptacle A thus completely encloses the receptacle containing tho
textile materials, and prevents any loss of heat, while a heating coil R'submerged
in the liquid permits to maintain the same at an equal temperature during its
circulation or to increase that temperature at will.
}
When the filled receptacle is placed in this position, the centrifugal pump, fan or
other appliance suitable for the purpose is set in operation and the liquid to be
used is caused to enter the cylinder C with. considerable force. This liquid must,
pass under a strong pressure through the perforations.
From the cylinder C the liquid passes through the perforations of the same into
the space M, that is to say, it penetrates the textilo materials contained in the latter.
The more these materials are compressed the more they resist the passage of the
liquid. For preparing this penetration and for the purpose of rendering the same
more regular I prefer the following method:
..
About two thirds of the space M are filled with the material to be treated, slightly
compressed by means of the piston cover, and caused to absorb a certain quantity
of water by means of the pump, after which the pressure on the material is
increased.
On this first layer is placed a second dry layer which is compressed, moistened and
further compressed, and so on until the whole receptacle in which the operation has
been carried on is full.
In this way the material may be piled up in the most uniform 'manner and the
greatest possible quantity of the same introduced into the receptacle.
After the liquids, yielding to the pressure of the pump have passed through the
textilo material, they reach the perforated wall of the cylinder B.
If the perforations in the cylinder B were of the same size as those of the small
cylinder Ċ it could be surmised that between the holes of the small cylinder C and
those of the large cylinder B radial streams of communication would be established
by which the passing liquid would circulate without meeting any resistance, in
which case the liquid would not perform the functions expected of the same.
To provent this and for the purpose of resisting the pressure under which the
liquid-penetrates, the walls of the cylinder B should be perforated with narrower
smaller holes than those of the cylinder C, and the total of-the-sections area of the.
holes in the large cylinder must be at least equal to the total of the sections area
of those of the small cylinder, and-even-nearly always or generally larger than those.
of the latter.
The narrow small perforations cause the liquid to spread into the pores of the'
mass of the textile material.
The liquid leaving the cylinders accumulates in the receptacle A the lower part
of which is provided with a coiled heating pipe R; and from this receptacle it is!
sucked off by means of the pump (after the valve K has been opened) and again
forced through the textile material. In this manner a circulation is established..
During the period of this circulation the pipe S of the pump,-which pipe is

page_text: generally connected with a water reservoir, but may also be connected with other
reservoirs is closed by a valve L.
When the circulation of the acting liquid has been kept on for a sufficient time,
the valve K is closed, and the pump is disconnected.
After this the cock H is opened and the liquid which has been used, is allowed
to leave the reservoir A, while the remainder of the liquid which may be in the
pump is let off through a small let-off cock which is immediately afterwards closed.
If for instance after this, it is desired to wash the materials, the valve L is opened,
the centrifugal pump is set to work and thereby water is forced through the textilo
material.
It will be understood that by connecting the pipe S with reservoirs, containing
other liquids, gas or hot air, such liquids, gases or vapours will be forced through
the space M.
For the purpose of drying, the air sucked by a fan V is forced into a tubular-
heating apparatus (Fig. 5 and 6) the two ends of which are funnel shaped. From
there it passes through a pipe t, which is joined to one of the conical ends of the
said heater, into the inner cylinder C of the apparatus, from where this hot air
passes into the space M.
In all similar cases, whenever it appears desirable, the supply of fluids may be
immediately re-established if the valve K is kept closed until the level of the
liquid in the receptacle A is above the layer of the material to be treated in the
space M. The valve L-is then closed and the valve K opened, and the circulating
operation is at once recommenced.
The following textile materials, (hereinafter enumerated under I,) may be treated
by means of this apparatus and by carrying out the process above described for the
purpose of being subjected to the operations indicated under II.
I. Raw materials. Separated fibres free from all textile fabrics. Intermediate
or unfinished products such as wadding, felt, woolen-velvet, furs, slivers. Spun
goods in the shape of skeins, lumps, balls as well as yarn wound on bobbins,
pirns or spools. Tissues, astrachans, imitation furs, wound off tissues.
II. Washing
Acidulating
Removing the superfluous oil
The materials above mentioned may be piled and compressed in the manner and
for the purpose as described before, with various modifications.
The apparatus described is employed in the treatment of raw wool for the
purpose of washing, scouring, carbonisation, bleaching, mordanting, dyeing, rinsing,
oiling, removing the superfluous oil, and for drying.
During all these operations the wool, being compressed in its natural structure,
retains the primitive condition of its staples, the wool is not subjected to the
beating and warping which takes place when the same is treated in the leviathans
and other machines, and by which treatment the position of its fibres is deranged.
Once the wool is compressed in the manner described above, the separated fibres
or staples remain in their places, whereby the principal tendency for to felting is
prevented.
To carry out the various operations indicated above, it is sufficient to vary the
acting liquids necessary for the said operations. It should be observed that the
above apparatus may be employed for the operation of dyeing by a cold bath, a

page_text: hot bath or for dyeing without boiling. The required temperature is easily obtained
by means of the heating apparatus R situated in the receptacle A
As regards the carbonisation of wool by means of this apparatus it should be
observed that by carbonisation is understood the impregnation with acids and the
drying by hot air.
The treatment of other crude textile fibres presents no special features, except
the use of special liquids varying according to the nature of the operation.
As regards the intermediate or unfinished products, particularly slivers, wadding,
fleece and other intermediate products of wool, the same may be said with even
more reason respecting the immunity from felting mentioned above.
The spun goods may be introduced into the apparatus in the shape of skeins or
balls as they leave the spinning mill or in balls of warp. (plain or glossy warps)
The pressure may be strong.
If the spun goods are wound on bobbins, they may be introduced into the
apparatus with their bobbins or cop-tubes, care being taken to fill the interstices
formed by the irregular shape of the bobbins pirns and so on, with detached
material such as skeins.
Woven goods, intended to be pinched and boiled for the purpose of producing
certain effects, such as feather shag, imitation of fur, may be boiled, washed, dyed,
rinsed and dryed in the said apparatus.
If the apparatus is used for nordanting, acidulating, neutralizing, scouring,
removing the gum, bleaching, dyeing and other processes requiring the use of
chemicals, it is necessary to protect the receptacles against the chemical influences
of such liquids by coating them with lead, zinc or by galvanizing them.
In-certain-enses, for instance if heavier-mixtures, not easily soluble, are employed
to-net-on-the-textile-material, centrifugal-power-may-be-employed-for-the-purpose
of causing the liquid-to-move-rapidly through the mass of textile material;-such
eases-are-the-operations of oiling, sizing-and-finishing.
Finally-during--the operation of drying and--also when gaseous vapeurs-are
employed (for instance for blenehing)-the-receptacle-is-slowly-turned.
In large mills several apparati-of this kind are sets of the apparatus may be
placed in a circle round a tap crane (see Fig 3) and one apparatus may serve for
washing, the next for dyeing, the third for rinsing and clarifying and the fourth
for drying.
For the treatment of plain or glossy warps the series of operations, in the
respectivo apparati, may be as follows:
I Washing; II dyeing; III rinsing or washing; IV sizing; V drying.
The operations to be performed by means of apparatus such as is described above
may be stated generally as pressing the textile materials to be treated by means
of a cover between the two vertical perforated cylinders C and B placed in a the
receptacle A, introducing into the inner cylinder any suitable liquid or gas at a
pressure sufficient to cause the gas or liquid to pass through these materials into
the said receptacle, drawing off such liquid or gas from the said receptacle and
introducing it again into the inner cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I make
no general claim to apparatus consisting of two concentric cylinders perforated
for passage of fluid through textile materials placed in the annular space between
them, but what I claim is :-
2.1. The combination of the perforated cylinders C and B, with the receptacle A,
cover E connected with screw-spindle g, bottom-plate d, valve K and centrifugal
pump G connected with the cylinder C, the whole substantially as described and
for the purpose set forth.
3. 2. The combination of the cylinders C and B, with the fan or blower V, and
the tubular heater with pipe t, the whole substantially as described and for the
purpose specified.

page_text: 4. The combination of the large perforated cylinder B, with the small perforated
eylinder C-having perforations larger than those of the cylinder B, substantially
as-and-for-the-purpose-described.
:
5. Arranging or combining into one plant or battery several appliances as
-described for the purpose of successively carrying out different operations.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for
•
an Invention of AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING
TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS OR GASES a communication to him from ⚫
abroad by Otto Obermaier, of Lambrecht, in the kingdom of Bavaria
८
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1883.
»
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS OR GASES,'
a communication to me from abroad by Otto Obermaier, of Lambrecht, in the
kingdom of Bavaria,
This invention has for its object the simple and effective treatment of textile
materials with liquids or gases.
It consists chiefly in forcing a continuous current of liquid through a perforated
upright pipe placed inside a perforated receptacle in which the material to be
treated is placed and prossed at will and which receptacle is placed in a 'tank.
The upright pipe passes through the bottom of the tank and is connected with
a pump which forces liquid from the tank to pass through the pipe and from
there through the textile material before returning to the tank. As the pump
draws liquid from the bottom of the tank, a continuous circulation of the liquid is
maintained.
The receptacle is provided with a lid secured by a screw-joint, which allows the
lid to be easily removed or tightened in order to exert a greater or smaller pressure
on the textile material.
The diameter of the perforations of the inner pipe is larger than that of the
perforations in the outer surface of the receptacle, in order to ensure that the liquid
passes with great force through the whole surface, and consequently through the
entire charge of textile material.
The drying of textile materials is effected by means of a tubular boiler which
receives the air discharged by a fan or blower, and from which the air passes to
an inner cylinder or receptacle before penetrating into the material contained in
the outer cylinder.
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th October 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH LIQUIDS OR GASES,"
a communication to me from abroad by Otto Obermaier, of Lambrecht, in the
kingdom of Bavaria,
The dyeing bleaching and washing of textile material by means of centrifugal
force has been tried before (as shown by the apparatus and methods of Townsend,
Grothe, Kesseler, Bakendale and others), which apparati however have not answered
the purpose required inasmuch as the results obtained were unequal.
The apparatus hereinafter described and represented by Fig. 1 and 2. of the
accompanying drawings is designed to avoid the drawbacks of the apparati
hitherto used.
The apparatus, embodying this invention, comprises a receptacle or vessel
composed of two concentrical cylinders C B.
The ratio between the diameters of the two cylinders is generally about 1 to 5,
but this ratio depends on various other arrangements which are governed by the
nature and composition of the liquids used for the operation, as well as by the
character and shape of the textile material to be treated in the apparatus.
The small inner cylinder C is open at both ends and provided below with a strong
prolongation a with flange b, while its upper part may be provided with various
appliances according to circumstances. This small cylinder forms a stationary
column.
The space M between the inner cylinder C.and the outer cylinder B is shut off
below by a solid watertight bottom or circular plate d. The walls of the two
cylinders are perforated. The cylinder C is closed by a screw nut h h which
receives the screw spindle g acting by means of the plate ff on the neck e e
which terminates with a piston cover E E situated in the space M, so that'
the piston-cover or piston E E may be moved up and down by means of the
rod g.
.After having piled up the textile materials (such as woven fabrics, flocks,
ribbons, thread, yarn) in the space M, they are compressed (more or less strongly
according to their structure) by lowering the piston cover E in such a manner
that such material or mass is firmly maintained in the receptacle, that is to say,
so that all the fibres are as immovable as possible and that the material is com-
pressed into a uniformly compact mass, and remains in the same state'during the
whole of the operation.
"This treatment constitutes one of the principal features of the present
improvements.
When the space M of the receptacle is filled and the whole mass of the
introduced material compressed, the receptacle is lifted by means of a crane
and placed in the concentric opening P of a receptacle A in such a manner that
the neck b is fitted to the prolongation of the small cylinder C exactly above
the flange of the conducting pipe N (which serves to conduct the acting liquids
in the shape of drops or vapours from the centrifugal pump G) which may be carried
out easily and accurately by means of the conical cover m.
This cover m is fitted in such a manner as to enclose the bottom of the receptacle A
between its flanges n and the flange i.
The two surfaces of the flanges n, m are polished or dressed in such a manner

page_text: "
that no special joint is required to connect the same, the weight of the receptacle
being sufficient to prevent the loosening of the joining surfaces.
The upper rim P of the larger cylinder B is bent outward, and supported by the
concentrical rim of the cover O of the receptacle A, which joint is at once tightened
by means of the liquids.
The larger receptacle A thus completely encloses the receptacle containing the
textile materials, and prevents any loss of heat, while a heating coil submerged in
the liquid permits to maintain the same at an equal temperature during its
circulation or to increase that temperature at will.
When the filled receptacle is placed in this position, the centrifugal pump, fan or
other appliance suitable for the purpose set in operation and the liquid to be used
is caused to enter the cylinder C with considerable force. This liquid must pass
under a strong pressure through the perforations.
From the cylinder O the liquid passes through the perforations of the same into
the space N, that is to say, it penetrates the textile materials contained in the latter.
The more these materials are compressed the more they resist the passage of the
liquid. For preparing this penetration and for the purpose of rendering the same
more regular I prefer the following method:
"
About two thirds of the space AI are filled with the material to be treated, slightly
compressed by means of the piston cover, and caused to absorb a certain quantity
of water by means of the pump, after which the pressure on the material is
increased.
On this first layer is placed a second dry layer which is compressed, moistened and
further compressed, and so on until the whole receptacle in which the operation bas
been carried on is full.
In this way the material may be piled up in the most uniform manner and the
greatest possible quantity of the same introduced into the receptacle.
After the liquids, yielding to the pressure of the pump have passed through the
textile material, they reach the perforated wall of the cylinder B.
If the perforations in the cylinder B wero of the same size as those of the small
cylinder C it could be surmised that between the holes of the small cylinder C and
those of the large cylinder B radial streams of communication would be established
by which the passing liquid would circulate without meeting any resistance, in
which case the liquid would not perform the functions expected of the same.
To prevent this and for the purpose of resisting the pressure under which the
liquid penetrates, the walls of the cylinder B should be perforated with narrower
holes than those of the cylinder C, and the total of the sections of the holes in the
large cylinder must be at least equal to the total of the sections of the small cylinder,
and even nearly always larger than those of the latter.
The narrow perforations cause the liquid to spread into the pores of the mass of
the textile material.
The liquid leaving the cylinders accumulates in the receptacle A. the lower part
of which is provided with a coiled heating pipe R; and from this receptacle it is
sucked off by means of the pump (after the valve K has been opened) and again
forced through the textile material. In this manner a circulation is established.
During the period of this circulation the pipe S of the pump,-which pipe is
generally connected with a water reservoir, but may also be connected with other
reservoirs-is closed by. a valve L.
When the circulation of the acting liquid has been kept on for a sufficient time,
the valve K is closed, and the pump is disconnected.
After this the cock H is opened and the liquid which has been, used, allowed to
eave the reservoir A, while the remainder of the liquid which may be in the pump
s let off through a small let-off cock which is immediately afterwards closed.
If for instance after this, it is desired to wash the materials, the valve L is opened,
he centrifugal pump is set to work and thereby water forced through the textile
naterial.
It will be understood that by connecting the pipe $ with reservoirs, containing

page_text: other, liquids, gas or hot air, such liquids, gases or vapours will be forced through
the space M.
.
For the purpose of drying, the air sucked by a fan V is forced into a tubular-
heating apparatus (Fig. 5 and 6) the two ends of which are funnel shaped. From
there it passes through a pipe t, which is joined to one of the conical ends of the
said heater, into the inner cylinder C of the apparatus, from where this hot air
passes into the space M.
In all similar cases, whenever it appears desirable, the supply of fluids may be
immediately re-established if the valve K is kept closed until the level of the
liquid in the receptacle A is above the layer of the material to be treated in the
-space M. The valve L is then closed and the valve K opened, and the operation is
at once recommenced.
'
The following textile materials, (hereinafter enumerated under I,) may be treated
by means of this apparatus and by carrying out the process above described for the
purpose of being subjected to the operations indicated under II.
I. Raw materials. Separated fibres free from all textile fabrics. Intermediate or
unfinished products such as wadding, felt, woolen-velvet, furs, slivers. . Spun
.goods in the shape of skeins, lumps, balls as well as yarn wound on bobbins, pirns
or spools. Tissues, astrachans, imitation furs, wound off tissues,
IL Washing
(Acidulating

page_text: balls as they leave the spinning mill or in balls of warp. (plain or glossy warps)
The pressure may be strong.
If the spun goods are wound on bobbins, they may be introduced into the
apparatus with their bobbins or cop-tubes, care being taken to fill the interstices
formed by the irregular shape of the bobbins pirns and so on, with detached
material such as skeins.
Woven goods, intended to be pinched and boiled for the purpose of producing
certain effects, such as feather shag, imitation of fur, may be boiled, washed, dyed,
rinsed and dryed in the said apparatus.
If the apparatus is used for mordanting, acidulating, neutralizing, scouring,
removing the gum, bleaching, dyeing and other processes requiring the use of
chemicals, it is necessary to protect the receptacles against the chemical influences
of such liquids by coating them with lead, zinc or by galvanizing them.
In certain cases, for instance if heavier mixtures, not easily soluble, are employed
to act on the textile material, centrifugal power may be employed for the purpose
of causing the liquid to move rapidly through the mass of. textile material; such
cases are the operations of oiling, sizing and finishing.
Finally during the operation of drying and also when gaseous vapours are
employed (for instance for bleaching) the receptacle is slowly turned.
In large mills several apparati of this kind are placed in a circle round a tap
(see Fig 3) and one apparatus may serve for washing, the next for dyeing, the
third for rinsing and clarifying and the fourth for drying.
For the treatment of plain or glossy warps the series of operations, in the
respective apparati, may be as follows:
1.
CLAIMS:
Pressing the textile materials to be treated by means of a cover between two
vertical perforated cylinders C and B placed in a receptacle A, introducing into
the inner cylinder any suitable liquid or gas at a pressure sufficient to cause the
gas or liquid to pass through these materials into the said receptacle, drawing off
such liquid or gas from the said receptacle and introducing it again into the
inner cylinder.
The combination of the perforated cylinders C and B, with the receptacle A,
cover E connected with screw-spindle g, bottom-plate d, valve K and centrifugal
pump G connected with the cylinder C, the whole substantially as described and
for the purpose set forth.
The combination of the cylinders C and B, with the fan or blower V, and the
tubular heater with pipe t, the whole substantially as described and for the
purpose specified.
The combination of the large perforated cylinder B, with the small perforated
cylinder C having perforations larger than those of the cylinder B, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
Arranging or combining into one plant or battery several appliances as described
for the purpose of successively carrying out different operations.
n witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my hand
nd seal this 29th day of October' A,D. 1883.