A CERTAIN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO PREPARATION MACHINES USED IN THE SPINNING OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HILL, of Staley Bridge, in the County of Chester, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Nineteenth day of March, in the first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Hill, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said James Hill, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, and such others as
I, the said James Hill, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, should agree with,
and no other, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England and Wales and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "A CERTAIN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO PREPARATION MACHINES USED
IN THE SPINNING OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL;" in which Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said James Hill, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,"
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Hill, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of A Certain
Apparatus applicable to Preparation Machines used in the Spinning of Cotton

page_text: and other Fibrous Material, to consist in the construction and arrangement of
machinery for the purpose of compressing the cotton or other fibrous mate-
rial in a more compact and dense state into the can or vessel in which it is
received from the carding engine, the drawing frame, and similar preparation
machines, together with an arrangement of machinery by which the slubbing
or roving is coiled in a compressed state on a disc or face plate, as received
from the carding engine or slubbing or roving frames, and the manner in
the same is to be performed and carried into effect will be understood by
reference to the annexed Drawings and the following description thereof.
The scales to which the Drawings are made are marked thereon, and the
various letters and figures of reference used in the following description indicate
the same parts in the various views and plans of machinery referred to.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents a side view of one arrangement of my
apparatus as applied to a carding engine. Figure 2, the plan of a support or
bracket which carries the intermediate wheels and pullies for communicating
the motion from the main shaft of the mill. Figure 3 is a front elevation of
the arrangement of machinery applicable to the drawing frame, and Figure 4
an elevation and plan of the necessary gearing required; and for the purpose
of rendering these movements more plain, they are drawn to a larger scale, as
denoted on the Drawings.
Figure 1. A represents the drawing rollers of the carding engine, by which
the cotton or other fibrous material is delivered in the state of a sliver into the
can or receptacle B, for the purpose of being more conveniently removed to
the succeeding machines. Into this can it is usual occasionally to press the
cotton or other fibrous material by hand, which if omitted the can soon
becomes full from the open and elastic nature of the material subjected to the
operation of the carding engine and other preparation machines; and if this
pressure be performed in a careless manner, the slivers, as delivered from the
drawing rollers A, is stretched or irregularly elongated, so that it produces an
inferior roving, and consequently inferior yarn in the subsequent processes
of the manufacture. C represents a weight suspended over the centre of the
cam B, by means of a chain or cord D, attached to the pulley F, communi-
cating with a crank or revolving arm H, by the rotation of which a perpen
dicular reciprocating motion is imparted to the weight C. These movements
will be understood by referring to the Drawing, Sheet 1, where P will be seen
as representing the main shaft of the mill, upon which is a small pulley O,
communicating motion through the strap N to the small drums or pullies M,
one of which is firmly keyed on its axis or shaft, the other revolving freely, so
that by removing the strap on to the fast or loose drum or pullies M, the

page_text: apparatus is put in motion or disengaged at pleasure, as best seen in plan at
Figure 2. On the shaft L is a small pinion K, driving the wheel I, which is
fixed on the shaft J. At the extremity of the shaft J is the crank H, the
rotation of which, through the medium of the rod G and pulley F, imparts
an alternating movement to the shaft E. The pulley E, to which the weight is
suspended, being fixed on this shaft, a perpendicular motion is communicated
to the weight C at or nearly the same speed as the delivery of the sliver of
cotton or other fibrous material, so that, during the upward traverse of the
weight C, the cotton or other fibrous material is passing freely into the cam
and accumulating on the surface of that already deposited, which, when the
weight C commences its descent, it presses down into the can B in a dense and
compact state, and thereby causes it to hold a much greater quantity than it
otherwise would; thus the cans need less attention from the operative, inas-
much as they require no pressing by hand, and the removal of the cans is less
frequent, owing to the increased quantity they contain; and the weight C
moving at a speed corresponding with the delivery of the cotton or other
fibrous material, all possibility of stretching the sliver is completely obviated:"
Figure 3 exhibits a front view of another modification of my Invention
as applied to the drawing frame. In this Figure the same letters of
reference indicate the same parts, and the effect of compressing the sliver in
the cans is precisely the same as that already described as applied to the
carding engine, but the arrangement of gearing for imparting the motion to
the weights C, C, is varied for convenience in the two drawing frames
standing beside each other. In this Figure Q represents a hollow column
fixed to the table of the drawing frame. This serves as a guide for the
spindle R, at the lower extremity of which is fixed a pinion c, and at the
upper extremity one pulley with two grooves S, S, to which the weights
C, C, are connected by means of the cord or chain that passes over the
two guide pullies T, T. The means by which I accomplish the reciprocating
movement to the weights C, C, will be more distinctly seen by reference to
Figure 4, where a represents the centre line of the lower delivering roller of
the drawing frame, which revolves in the ordinary way, and at the extremity
of this roller a is a pinion U, driving the wheel W, which imparts motion to
the bevel pinion X and bevel wheel Y; upon this last-mentioned wheel is the
crank Z, which communicates a reciprocating motion, through the medium of
the small connecting rod a and segment 6, to the pinion c, consequently to the
pulley with two grooves S, S, and finally to the weights C, C. From the
foregoing description of the mode of applying the arrangement of my Invention
to the carding engine and drawing frame, it may be readily applied to any

page_text: similar machine, care being taken so to speed the traverse of the weights
C, C, as to correspond with the speed of the delivery of the cotton or other
fibrous material to be compressed; and the power required being taken from
the same source, it will correspond under all circumstances, although the reci-
procating motion should be effected in the manner described, or by any other
well-known movement for that purpose.
Another arrangement of my apparatus applicable to preparation machinery,
which I apply to the carding engine and slubbing and roving frame, is repre-
sented at Figures 1, 2, and 3, on Sheet 2, where Figure 1 represents a front
elevation, Figure 2 a side elevation, and Figure 3 a plan, of the same
apparatus, the object of which is to coil the slubbing or rovings of cotton or
other fibrous material in a compressed state on a revolving disc or face plate.
In these Figures A represents a conical pulley driven by a strap from any con-
venient movement of the slubbing or roving frame, and B is a long spur
wheel, placed on the same shaft and imparting motion to the small wheel C,
keyed on the shaft D; this shaft D is provided with a surface pulley or friction
wheel E, which drives the face plate F by contact, imparting to it a varying
speed according to the distance of E from the centre of the upright spindle or
shaft G. At the upper extremity of this shaft or spindle G is placed the face
plate H, on which the cotton or other fibrous material is received from the
drawing rollers of the machine, and guided alternately to and from the centre
by means of the trumpet mouth I, the movement of which will be hereafter
described. At the lower extremity of the shaft or spindle G are placed a pair
of bevil wheels, which impart motion to the worm K and worm wheel L, which
last is fixed on a small shaft carrying the pinion M at its opposite extremity
(as best seen at Figures 2 and 3, Sheet 2). This pinion gears into a mangle
rack P, see Figure 3, where by its alternate action on the upper and under
surface it produces an horizontal reciprocating traverse in the frame Q, Q, Q,
which moves freely on the friction wheels R, R, R. It must be now observed
that the trumpet mouth I, which delivers the roving on to the disc or face
plate H, is regulated so that the speed of that part of the disc or face plate H
on which the sliver is received corresponds with the delivery of the roving and
the position of the friction pulley E, and the trumpet mouth I depending on
the movement of the frame Q, Q, Q, to which they are connected. The
alternate traverse of this frame distributes the roving uniformly on the disc or
face plate H as required, while the weight of the plate N causes it to be
coiled on the disc or face plate H in a compact and solid mass. In this state
it may be removed to any succeeding machine, according to the process of
manufacture for which it is designed.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my Invention, together with the manner
in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, I wish it to be
understood that I do not claim as my Invention any separate or well known
part of such apparatus or machinery, nor do I claim any particular arrange-
ment of such machinery for imparting the reciprocating motion to the weight
C, as represented at Sheet 1, or any separate part of the machinery represented
at Sheet 2.
But I do claim as my Invention the application and arrangement of a
reciprocating weight for the purpose of compressing cotton or other fibrous
material into cans or similar receptacles, applicable to preparation machines
used in the spinning of cotton and other fibrous material.
And I also claim as my Invention the coiling, the slubbing, or roving of
cotton or other fibrous material on a disk or face plate, as represented at
Sheet 2, as already described.
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
new and never before used in this Kingdom, I deliver this as a true and
faithful Specification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hill, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.