Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Sept., 1887
Specification Accepted, 18th Oct., 1887
A communication from JAMES FRANCIS MCLAUGHLIN, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
United States of America, Electrician.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to an automatic reverse movement and spacing mechanism
for electrical type-writers and consists in certain details of construction arrangement
and combination of parts which will be more fully described hereinafter.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of this invention complete showing travelling carriages
adapted to travel from right to left, the magnet shown in fig. 2 being removed to
more clearly show the front guide-rest and the roller attached to the left hand of the
travelling carriage.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the longitudinal guide-rests of the travelling
carriage, the electro-magnetic letter spacing motor and the base being detached showing
the electro-mechanical line-spacing mechanism on end of said carriage and paper-roll.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on lines y-y figs. 2 and 7.
Fig. 4 is a top plan view with travelling carriage and its platform and framework
removed showing the electrical connections.
Fig. 5 is a top plan view of elevated platform with the travelling carriage detached
showing the contact and guide rods the construction of the longitudial guide-rests,
the adjustable roller-plate, and the weight pulley.
Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the adjustable roller plate at beginning of
line.
Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the letter-spacing motor showing arrangement of
electro-magnets and pivoted armatures.
Fig. 8 is a detail elevation of the improved pawl and ratchet mechanism on the end
of the paper roll.
Fig. is a detail view with parts broken away and partly in section, of the front
cross-bar of travelling carriage, its V-shaped projection, the front guide-rest of

page_text: elovated platform, the V-shaped recess therein and the adjustable spring actuated
reversing roller, journalled upon a short projecting shaft which, in turn, is secured
at its inner end to the front cross-bar of travelling carriage.
Fig. 10 is a front elevation similar to fig. 1 showing carriage travelling from left
to right.
Fig. 11 is a detail view of the adjustable plate at the right end of the guide rest or
cross-bar.
Like letters of reference mark the same parts in all the figures of the drawings.
The construction of the paper roll, the supporting arms for paper-roll, the guide rod
for the carriage, and the frame work of said travelling carriage being substantially
to these corresponding parts in another application which will be filed subsequently,
they will not be further described or claimed herein.
Referring to drawings by letters, A represents a base of suitable dimensions and
material having the supports a a.
BB are four metallic standards supporting the guide rests D¹ or D² of platform C,
and properly fastened to the base A of instrument.
Centrally upon the base A is secured a rectangular frame or plate b, which is rigidly
screwed or riveted to the under side of the rear guide rest D³ of the platform C; this
frame is made preferably of non-magnetic metal, and consists of the two upright
plates c c¹ the base plate d, and the two arms d¹ d³ formed respectively at right angles
to the upright plates c, c¹; the whole being made in one single piece. e is a rectangular
slot in the plate c', in which is secured the clamping thumb-screw to which is
attached one end of the adjustable retracting spring f, the other end of which spring
is fastened to the vertical pivoted plate 9, carrying the armatures g' g³.
g
The vertical plate 9 is pivoted at its lower extremity between two upright parallel
lugs ff by two clamping screwshh provided with the adjustable clamping nuts h¹ h¹
as shown in fig. 7. These screws h h are designed to fit each in a conical recess on
the side of the plate g.
The upper extremity of plate o is formed bifurcated as shown in fig. 7 and has the
curved pawl or dog E¹, pivotally secured therein, as will be more fully explained
hereinafter.
The armature g¹ is made of soft iron or other suitable metal secured upon the face
of the plate g and of sufficient length to extend across the poles of the two upper
magnets F F.
The armature g³ is also secured upon the plate g, opposite to the poles of the
magnet F and below the armature g¹.
& designates an extension arm or bracket centrally secured near the top of the
upright plate c and serves as a support for the spring actuated dog or pawl E' which
is pivotally fastened to the said bracket or arm by a small pivot screw i.
The rack bar G is longitudinally arranged on the underside of the travelling
carriage H and is secured at each end in the side bars H¹ H' between the guide-
rests DD' of the platform C.
The series of teeth jj cut upon the lower edge of said rack are formed obliquely
as shown with their longer sides inclined toward the left or beginning of the line, the
object of this construction being to allow the pawl E¹ to disengage itself therefrom
after it has advanced the travelling carriage forward the distance between any two
adjacent teeth of said rack-bar.
is a curved tension spring which bears at its free end upon the pawl E' and is
secured at its other end to the plate g; and g' is another tension spring secured at
one end upon the pawl E' and has its free end limited by the stud k on the end of
the arm G.
The electro-magnets F F are secured in the same horizontal line upon the same
plate secured inside of upright plate c, by screws ii and the magnet F¹ is secured
below the magnets F F and opposite to its respective armature g².
I designates an adjustable screw which passes through a perforation in the plate c¹,
and is provided with a clamp nut '; and I is a small disc shaped rubber cushion
placed on the back of the pivoted plate 9 opposite the screw I.

page_text: is a curved shoulder formed on the inner side of the lug or prong 4 and serves
to limit the backward movement of the pawl E¹ thereby preventing the said pawl
from being retracted too far through agency of spring after it is released from one
of the teeth j.
The electro-magnets F F are electrically connected with each other by wire / and
with the magnet F¹ by wire 1.
The battery J is in circuit with the electro-magnets F F and F¹ and the spacing
key by suitable electrical wire connections as shown in figures 1 and 4.
KK are four binding posts (two only being shown) arranged at each angle or
corner of the base A and provided with clamping screws m m as shown.
Referring to figures 1 and 9 L is a small roller made of hard steel loosely journalled
upon the shaft mr which is screw threaded on its outer end and rididly secured to the
front end of the side bar H¹
M is a small thimble or collar placed on the said shaft between the roll and the
adjustable clamping nut n.
N designates an arc-shaped recess located in the cross-bar or guide rest D₁ of the
platform C between the longitudinal V-shaped recess and the outer edge of the said
guide-rest.
This arc-shaped recess is of greatest depth at the edge of the cross bar D¹ and
merges gradually into the plane of the top of said cross bar between the V-shaped
recess and the outer edge thereof.
The radius of the greatest depth of the said recess is equal to the radius of the
arc of the roller which is below the plane of the guide rest as shown clearly in figures
1 and 9.
The distance from the recess N to the adjustable roller plate N¹ corresponds to the
length of the travelling carriage H.
represents an adjustable plate which is placed on the left hand end of the guide
rest D and consists of the flat rectangular portion o, provided with slot o¹ for tho
clamping screw o³, the projecting end of having an inner straight side at right angles
to the portion o and its outer inclined side at an obtuse angle thereto; and the
downwardly projecting flange of which is designed to engage the side of the guide
rest D¹.
The slot o coincides with the V-shaped recess and the clamping screw o³ engages
and holds in said recess.
The plate N at left end of cross bar D', is also formed adjustably by means of a
clamping screw and slot in the end of the cross bar (see fig. 11) and consists of a
rectangular or wedge-shaped plate having its under side straight as shown and fitted
upon cross bar D₁ and its upper side inclined or beveled from the point p to
point p¹.
Midway on the side bar H³ is screwed two upright parallel bearing lugs PP (one
only being shown) between which are journalled on a shaft p³ the pulley wheel P';
and on the corresponding end of the base A is fastened two horizontally projecting
parallel lugs P' P' carrying the shaft 9 upon which is journalled the guiding
pulley q.
Qis a suitable cord or cable attached centrally at one end to the side bar H of the
travelling carriage H and having the depending weight Q' secured at its other ond as
shown clearly in figure 1.
The cord Q'passes over the pulley wheels P¹ and Q the pulley Q preventing it
from impinging against the base A of the instrument.
As shown in figure
there are two ratchet wheels R R of the same diameter but
having their respective teeth inclined in opposite directions journalled rigidly upon a
short shaft y' which is secured at its inner end in the end R of the paper-roll.
S is an arm pivotally secured by means of thumb-screw S¹ to the frame work of
the travelling carriage at its inner end and carrying on its outer end the armature r
which is secured on the underside of said arm in proximity to the electro-
magnet T.

page_text: This arm S is parallel with the arms which supports the paper roll and is provided
with the upwardly extending link rod r.
T¹ is an adjustible spring actuated thumb screw which passes through the pillar t of
the frame work and has one end of the retracting spring t¹ coiled around the end t
thereof the other end of said retracting spring being secured to the link rod r¹ of the
arm S.
U designates the vertical standard which is fastened at one end to the forward end
of arm by a small screw as shown and is provided at its upper end with two
pawls uu the pawl u¹ being pivoted on one side of the said standard so as to engage
the teeth of ratchet wheel R while the pawl u is rigidly fastened on other side of said
standard so as to engage teeth of ratchet wheel R₁ when the standard is pulled down-
ward by the attraction of armaturer to its magnet T.
v is a small tension spring rivetted at one end to the standard U and bears up
against pawl u to keep it normally within the ratchet wheel R.
Upon the upper edge of arms is attached a rectangular elbow-shaped guiding
plate W which consists of the vertical plate v¹ and the horizontal plate w having a
rectangular slot or perforation through which the standard U is vertically
guided.
X is a small roller mounted loosely on a shaft which is journalled between two
lugs xx secured upon the side bar or cross head H³ of the framework of the travelling
carriage.
This roller does not engage the guide rest D¹ as the carriage advances but is far
enough above the plane thereof to run upon the plate N¹ when the said carriage
reaches the end of line.
Y and Y¹ are two circuit closing springs secured in proximity to each other on the
side bar H¹ between the rack bar and the rear guide rest and are held a short distance
apart by an intervening plug of hard rubber or other insulating material.
This construction of spring is the same as shown in another application which will
be filed subsequently; but it is preferable to use the arrangement shown in figure 3
which consists of a curved lower spring z provided with a small contact point ¹; the
plates and being separated by a small plug a' of insulating material.
In either construction the spring Y or must be electrically connected with electro-
magnet T and the springs Y₁ or with the travelling contact plate 1.
This travelling contact plate is securely attached to the rear end of the side bar H
by screws 2, 2 and is provided with a curved spring point which is constantly in
contact with the longitudinal conducting rod 3 secured upon the projecting studs 4, 4
which are fastened to the rear guide rest D².
The contact rod 3 is electrically connected to battery J by wires 5 and 6 and
binding post K.
The magnet T is attached by its lower pole to the bracket plate 7 which is secured
to the front end of the side bar H2 and is electrically connected with springs Y or =
by wires 8 and with the battery J through the standard B the guide rest D¹ the side
bar H bracket plate 7 the wire 9 binding post K and wire 10.
11 is a circuit closing screw which is secured in perforations in end of end sill H* of
platform C and in line with location of spring V₁ on travelling carriage it is provided
with a clamp-nut 12 for adjusting the screw to any desired length.
This screw is only used when the construction of spring shown in figure 2 is
utilised to close an electrical circuit by its contact against said screw when the
travelling carriage reaches terminus of line.
When it is desirable to attach spring circuit closing devices shown in fig. 3 an
adjustible plate 13 similar in construction to plate N¹ is attached to the end sill H*
opposite to the spring z so that when travelling carriage reaches end of line the
curved end of spring will ride upon the plate 13 and thereby cause the contact of
point z with plate.
3
In order to allow this travelling carriage to be uplifted when desirable for the
operator to scan the partly written line the rear guard rest D³ is provided with a

page_text: longitudinal curved recess 14 which will permit the V-shaped projection to have
a radial motion therein.
The operation of this invention is as follows:-
The circuit being closed from battery J by the depression of the spacing key shown in
figure 1 the magnets FF and F are simultaneously energized by the current and
cause the attraction of their respective armatures g' and g² which are as before stated
secured opposite to their corresponding magnets upon the pivoted vertical plate g.
This attraction causes the pivoted spring actuated pawl E¹ to carry forward the rack bar
of the travelling carriage the distance intervening between any two adjacent teeth jj.
The pawl E will then be retracted by agency of spring and limited by the
shoulder; and the spring actuated pawl E will engage and hold in one of said
teeth thereby holding the rack bar and carriage while the pawl E' falls back to its
normal position upon the breaking of the circuit by releasing the spacing key so as to
separate the contact points. When the circuit is thus broken and the current inter-
rupted the attraction of the armatures g' g³ by their respective magnet ceases and the
pivoted vertical plate g is withdrawn by the retracting spring of the cushion I properly
limiting the backward movement of said plate and preventing the pawl E¹ from
advancing the rack-bar more than one letter space.
Thus the letter spacing is continued by each descent of a type-lever or depression
of the spacing key until the travelling carriage has advanced to the end of a line at
which point the spring z will ride, up on the bevelled plate 13 and close the circuit
from battery J through electrical connections previously described which will cause the
current to pass into the magnet T and effect the attraction of the armaturer and
consequently the depression of the standard U carrying pawls u u¹. This action will
force the spring actuated pawl u¹ to rotate the ratchet wheel R the distance or line
space between any two adjacent teeth thereof and at the same time the pawl u will
engage one of the teeth of ratchet wheel R' and prevent the pawl u¹ from rotating
the paper roll more than one line space.
After the line space is effected in the manner just described the roller X will ride
upon the bevelled surface of plate M' thereby placing the travelling carriage upon an
inclined plane; and at the same time the said roller advances upon the plate N₁ the
roller L will be coincident with the arc shaped recess N of the guide rest D¹ and the
spring M will force said roller in through the said recess.
Now the carriage being upon an inclined plane and the roller L within the recess N
the weight Qattached to the cord end of Q₁ will overcome the weight of the travelling
carriage and return it to the beginning of the next line to be printed the roller L
running on top of the guide rest D¹ while carriage is being reversed and lifting the
rack bar above the pawls and out of contact therewith so as to not interfere with the
recoil of the carriage.
When the roller L reaches the point or projection 03 of the plane O it will be
guided along the inclined edge or side of said projection and will thereby be auto-
matically returned to the position shown in figure 1 ready for the next line to be
printed.
It will be obvious that the weight Q must be of just sufficient size to overcome the
weight of the carriage and give it sufficient momentum to return without jar or
injury.
Instead of the weight Q a spring might be substituted without departing from the
spirit of this invention.
It will also be understood that battery J can be utilized both for the line and letter
spacing mechanism since both are not in operation at the same time; and that the
electrical connections binding posts and circuit closing devices may be changed
at will.
The different component parts of this invention are simple and durable and capable
of being easily interchanged and adjusted.
The automatic line spacing or the automatic reverse movement or both may be
used as attachments for ordinary type writers thereby dispensing with unnecessary
and laborious manipulation on the part of the operator.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination with the travelling carriage of the spring actuated guiding
roller L the guide rest provided with the arc shaped recess N the inclined plate Ni
on the end of said guide rest the roller X and the weight and cord attached to the
travelling carriage whereby the carriage is reversed when it reaches the terminus of
its forward course.
2. The combination with the travelling carriage provided with a rack bar of the
electro-magnetic step by step motor provided with the pawls E and E³ for advancing
the rack bar the front guide rest provided with the are-shaped recess the plate N¹ and
the rollers N and X whereby the rack bar is thrown out of engagement with the
actuating pawls when the travelling carriage reaches the end of its forward course.
3. The combination of the travelling carriage and its advancing mechanism the
carriage being provided with the adjustable spring-actuated guiding roller L with
the front guide rest having the arc shaped recess therein located a distance from the
end of said guide rest equal to the length of the travelling carriage as set forth.
4. The combination with the travelling carriage of the spring actuated guiding
roller L the plate O and the front guide rest whereby the carriage is restored to its
normal position on its return or recoil.
5. The combination of the adjustable plates N¹ and O the guide rest D¹ having
arc shaped recess N the spring actuated roller L and the travelling carriage provided
with roller X as described.
6. The combination of the adjustable plates N₁ and O the front guide rest provided
with arc shaped recess N the spring actuated roller L journalled on sill H the
roller the travelling carriage and the cord and weight for reversing said carriage
when it reaches the terminus of line, substantially as described.
7. The combination with the travelling carriage and guide roller X the front guide
rest having
arc shaped recess N the adjustable plates N¹ and O the roller L journalled
on shaft m the spring M' and the collar M as described.
8. An electro-magnetic stop by step motor for advancing the travelling carriage
in combination with the rack bar of said carriage the front guide rest provided with
are shaped recess N the adjustable plate N¹ the spring actuated guiding roller L the
roller ✰ and the cord and weight substantially as specified.
9. The combination of the weight and cord and the guiding pulleys therefor with
the travelling carriage and means for elevating said carriage upon an inclined plane
when it reaches the end of line and the spring actuated reversing roller journalled
upon an end sill of said carriage and adapted to impinge against the front guide rest
while advancing, and designed to slip through the recess N and upon the top of said
guide rest on return substantially as specified.
10. The combination of the carriage and guide rest the spring actuated reversing
roller with the adjustable plate secured upon front guide rest at beginning of line
whereby the said roller on its return is automatically thrown down so as to impinge
against the side of the guide rest ready for the advance of next line.
11. The combination of the spring actuated reversing roller with the adjustable
plate secured upon front guide rest at beginning of line whereby the said roller on
its return is automatically thrown down so as to impinge against the side of the guide
rest ready for the advance of next line.
12. The combination of the weight and cord with the travelling carriage the spring
actuated reversing roller the adjustable plate N¹ and the front guide rest having the
arc shaped recess N properly located therein and the roller X as described.
13. The combination with the travelling carriage the front guide rest provided with
the arc shaped recess and the adjustable spring actuated roller L adapted to impinge
against the side of said guide rest while the carriage is advancing and designed to bo
pushed through recess N by agency of spring M₁ on top of the guide rest D¹ when
carriage reaches end of line the adjustable spring M¹ and the projecting shaft m'.

page_text: 14. The combination of the travelling carriage the travelling magnet mounted on
frame work of carriage the spring circuit closer the contact plate 1 the rod 3 as
set forth.
15. The combination with the travelling carriage of the pawl and ratchet mechanism
on the end of the paper roll, the plate W standard U armaturer the adjustable
screw T retracting spring t¹ the arm $ the travelling magnet T bracket 7 spring
circuit closer the travelling contact plate 1 the longitudinal rod 3 the bevelled plate 13
and the circuit and battery as set forth.
16. The combination with the travelling carriage its ratchet bar armature lever
pawl and actuating electro-magnets and the roller and incline whereby the forward
end of the carriage is elevated when it has reached its forward limit so as to place it
in position substantially as specified.
17. The combination with the travelling carriage the electro-magnet secured thereto
and in circuit with a spacing key of an armature lever and pawls and the ratchet discs
located on the shaft of the paper spacing roll whereby the same may be actuated to
move the paper so as to space the lines thereon substantially as specified.
now
LIDOU VII Low day or
горещо.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents.