Improvements in or connected with Closets.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 19th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 31st Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Closets.
I EMIL OTTO POPPE of 242/1 Neumarkt, Kirchberg, in the Empire of
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to closets and consists chiefly in providing a valve between
the pan or seat and the soil pipe which valve takes the place of the usual junction-
pipe between the soil pipe or the drain pipe and the pan of the closet and allows
the former to be kept closely shut off while the closet is not in use, so that no smell
can escape therefrom into the room.
The valve is so arranged with respect to the soil or drain pipe, that when the
cover of the closet is opened, or the seat is let down, the valve takes up a position
beneath the opening of the seat and serves as a receptacle for the soil, and allows
of its being discharged into the drain pipe or soil pipe. After the closet has
been used that is to say, when the cover of the closet is shut down, or the seat
is raised, the valve is moved back and covers the opening of the discharge pipe.
The valve is advantageously arranged to move in fixed guides by means of rods
or arms and chains which connect it with the seat or cover or it can move on rollers
running on fixed bars or the valve may be operated by means of a cranked lever
connected to the seat or cover by a rod.
A considerable saving of space is effected if the ventilating shafts are placed
between or by the side of the soil-pipes or shafts ; it is obvious that if the receivers
for the soil are kept free from contamination with soil by the valves, the lower ends
of which for this purpose project beyond the walls of the receiver, the amount of
smell and gas developed in the collecting vessel will be reduced to a minimum and
that if the ventilating shafts be placed as stated even the small amount of gas
developed therein will be prevented from reaching the seat of the closet or the rooms,
and be carried directly into the air outside.
Dated the 10th day of May 1902
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Closets.
I, EMIL OTTO Porre, of 242/I, Neumarkt, Kirchberg, in the Empire of
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to closets and consists chiefly in providing a valve between
the pan or seat and the soil pipe which valve takes the place of the usual junction
pipe between the soil pipe or the drain pipe and the pan of the closet and allows
the former to be kept closely shut off while the closet is not in use, so that no smell
can escape therefrom into the room.
The valve is so arranged with respect to the soil or drain pipe, that when the
cover of the closet is opened, or the seat is let down, the valve retreats in order to
allow of the discharge of the soil into the soil pipe or the drain, and when the
ΓΩ
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page_text: closet is closed, either by letting down the cover, or by raising the seat, the valve
is on the contrary, applied closely to the soil-pipe or the drain-pipe. The valve
may be so arranged as to be pivotally connected with the soil-pipe or the drain-
pipe or to be completely removed from the said pipe by a system of levers.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can be
carried into effect by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :—
Figures 1 and 2 are vertical sections of a closet and part of a soil-pipe provided
with one form of my improvements the closet being shewn in its closed and open
positions respectively.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of Figure 1 without the casing of the closet.
Figures 4 and 5 are vertical sections shewing my improvements applied to a
rectangular soil passage or channel the valve being shewn in its open and closed
positions respectively.
Figure 6 is a similar view of a modification.
Figures 7 and 8 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal section illustrating a
number of my improved closets arranged contiguously.
Figure 9 is a vertical section of part of a receiver-shaft with a modified form of
valve and a flushing arrangement.
Figures 10 and 11 are vertical sections illustrating a modified arrangement of the
valve and means for operating the same the valve being shewn in its open and
.closed positions respectively.
Figures 12 and 13 are similar views of another modification, and,
Figures 14 and 15 are similar views of another modification.
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 1 and 2, the valve A when the lid D of
the closet is shut, is pressed against the outlet C of the closet by the transverse
rod of a frame B, which turns on a bar &¹ and carries a weight 2. The valve is
usually made to apply itself closely to the aperture C' in the soil pipe C, by the
action of the transverse bar b pressing on the edge a of a wedge-shaped block
which carries a curved bar a' guided in a fork & on the bar b'.
By means of a connecting rod d at its weighted end, the frame B is so connected
to the cover D of the closet that when the said end is raised as the closet is opened,
the valve A retreats in consequence of its overbalancing, and in performing this
movement is supported, and at the same time guided, by the curved piece a¹ which
slides in the fork b³.
Figures 4 and 5 shew the arrangement of the valve in a closet with a rectangular
soil-shaft or passage which may be made of impregnated wood, brickwork or
cement, or other suitable material.
The valve A¹ is in this case provided with two lateral wings A2 and is so situated
in the front wall of the soil-shaft C, as to be able to turn thereon. On the front
wall of the soil-shaft and at the side of the valve A¹, is a bracket e having an eye
in which a cranked lever f', f2 has its bearing and can rotate. One arm of the
said lever has its end guided in a loop e¹ on the valve A¹, so that the latter partakes
of the rotation of the cranked lever. The other arm of the lever is connected
by a rod g with the seat D' so that when the seat is shut down the valve opens and
takes up its proper position for the use of the closet.
Figure 6 shews a valve which moves completely away from the shaft or pipe.
The valve A2 is actuated by rods ¹ jointed to a projection or lug h² on the valve
sliding in fixed curved guides, the rods ' connecting the valve with a seat D' which
can be raised and lowered.
In the arrangement of closet shewn in Figures 7 and 8, C indicates the receiver-
shaft into which the soil falls, provided with valves of the kind hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 which valves replace the usual con-
necting pipe between the seat of the closet and the receiver-shaft which leads
vertically downwards E being the ventilating shaft situated behind the receiver-
shaft C. A considerable saving of space is effected if, as shewn in dotted lines in
Figure 8, the ventilating shafts E, E are placed between or by the side of the
soil-pipes or receiver-shafts. It is obvious that if the receiver-shafts are kept free

page_text: from contamination with soil by the valves, the lower ends of which for this purpose
project beyond the walls of shaft, the amount of smell and gas developed in the
collecting vessel will be reduced to a minimum and that if the ventilating shafts be
placed as shewn even the small amount of gas developed therein will be prevented
from reaching the seat of the closet or the rooms and be carried directly into the
air outside.
A danger is thus avoided which existed in the older forms of closet arrangement
with branching pipes affixed to them laterally and an ascending current of air in
the soil-pipe, riz. the carrying of disease germs contained in the soil or adhering to
the walls of the soil pipe, when such soil becomes dry, by the ascending current of
air into the openings of the body of the person using the closet.
In order that the befouling of the shaft C by soil as the latter descends may be
completely avoided, guide-hoppers C2, (Figure 7) the lower edges of which project
inwards, may be fixed in the shaft; these will compel the soil to fall without
touching the walls of the shaft. The openings and valves may also be such as are
shewn in Figure 9. Here an upper opening k to let off the smell is provided in the
shaft and this opening is covered by the upper part of the valve A³ whilst lower
down is an opening i through which the soil is discharged into the shaft.
Although in Figure 7 I have shewn a self-acting apparatus m for covering the
soil with a dry disinfecting material in powder I may also, as shewn in Figure 9,
employ an arrangement for flushing through a suitable pipe / before, or preferably
after the closing of the valve.
Instead of the valve being actuated by the lid or seat of the closet, the closet
door or the foot board in front of the seat can be connected with the valve by a
system of levers, in such a way that the valve will be brought into proper position
when the closet is made use of.
Other forms of the valve A which also serve as a receiver, are shewn respectively
in Figures 10 and 11, Figures 12 and 13, and Figures 14 and 15.
A closet hopper
is here dispensed with because the valve A comes immediately beneath the opening
in the seat as will be clearly seen by reference to Figures 10, 12 and 14. When
the seat D¹ is opened or raised the opening into the soil-pipe is closed by the valve.
In the example shewn in Figures 10 and 11, the valve A is provided with rollers n
whereby it can be moved along bars n' inclined toward the shaft C and is connected
by chains o or the like to arms n² on the seat D₁, the chains being guided over
rollers n³ rotating on the bars n'. In the example shewn in Figures 12 and 13, the
valve A, as in Figure 6, is guided in a slot here shewn at p and the change in its
position is effected by chains o passing over rollers n' and attached to the valve A
and to the arm n² on the seat D'. Finally in the example shewn in Figures 14
and 15 the valve A is connected to a bell-crank lever 9 from which, as in
Figures 4 and 5 a connecting rod here shewn at passes to the seat D'. The form
of the valve, and the arrangement of the lever are in this case such that the hopper
shewn in Figure 4 is unnecessary since the valve A comes directly under the
opening of the seat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A closet provided with a valve between the pan and the soil-pipe, which valve
is so arranged with respect to the soil-pipe that when the closet is in use, that is to
say, when the cover is lifted, or the seat is let down, it takes up a position beneath
the opening of the seat and serves as a receptacle for the soil and allows of its
being discharged into the drain pipe or soil pipe and after the closet has been used,
that is to say, when the cover of the closet is shut down or the seat is raised the
valve is moved back and covers the opening in the said pipe, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
2. A closet.in which when the cover or the seat is raised and lowered a valve is
either caused to move in fixed guides by means of rods, or arms, and chains which

page_text: connect it with the seat or cover as illustrated in Figures 6 and 12 respectively or
on rollers running on fixed bars as illustrated in Figure 10 or is operated by means
of a cranked lever connected to the seat or cover by means of a rod as illustrated in
Figures 4 and 14 respectively, substantially as set forth.
3. In closets of the kind claimed in Claim 1, arranged contiguously and furnished
with valves at the outlet as described, the application of ventilating shafts between
the soil pipes or shafts, substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 8 of the
accompanying drawings.
4. The improved closets herein before described and illustrated in the various
figures of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 19th day of February 1894
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.