Improvements in Indicators for Drawing, Twisting, and Spinning Machines.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 10th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 12th July, 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Indicators for Drawing, Twisting, and Spinning
Machines.
I JACOB JUCKER of 60 Peter Street Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to indicators for twisting and spinning machines and consists
in novel combinations or arrangements of mechanism for indicating the draft between
the back and front delivery rollers, the twist or number of turns per inch and the
length or number of hanks of sliver or yarn delivered, or the draft or twist only or
either of them separately or in combination with the number of hanks.
My improved indicator consists of a suitable case or frame fixed to the roller beam
of the spinning or twisting machine containing bearings for a cross-shaft on which
is fixed a plane disk. On the back of the disk a bevil wheel is cast or fastened and
rotated by a bevil pinion fixed upon the prolonged end of the front roller or upon a
shaft driven from the front roller or upon a shaft driven from the front roller, so
that the number of revolutions the disk makes is proportional to that made by
the front roller and consequently to the length of sliver or yarn delivered. In
front of the disk is a carriage sliding between guides formed on or attached to the
sides of the casing or frame of the indicator and pressed towards the disk by a spring
or springs. The carriage contains bearings in the middle and at both ends in which
two screws can revolve independently of each other. Each screw carries a nut formed
into a pulley with a rounded or a narrow flat face, and these pulleys being pressed
against the face of the disk by the spring or springs are rotated by contact with the
disk and the number of revolutions made by them depend on the position they occupy
on the face of the disk or their distance from the centre of the disk. One of the
screws is driven by bevil gearing from the back roller, and consequently makes a
number of revolutions proportional to that of the back roller and to the length of
sliver or yarn drawn in by the latter. Unless the numbers of revolutions made by
the screw and by the nut or pulley are the same, the latter will be traversed by the
differential rotation along the face of the disk until the rotary speed of both becomes
Pring Rd 1

page_text: identical. A groove is turned into the nut or pulley and a fork or a saddle on a rack
projects into the groove. The rack slides with suitable guides on the carriage herein
before described and actuates a wheel on a short shaft, to the front end of which
outside the casing of the indicator a pointer is attached, showing on a dial according
to the different distances of the pulley from the centre of the disk figures denoting the
ratio of the circumferential speed of the front and back roller or the draft. For
instance, if the gearing is such that the disk makes one revolution for four revolutions
of the front roller, and the screw makes two revolutions for one of the back
roller and the front roller makes six revolutions for one of the back roller, then
the disk will make three revolutions to every four revolutions of the screw and
the pulley will be traversed on the screw till the diameter of the contact circle
described by the pulley on the disk is equal to four thirds of the contact diameter of
the pulley, when no further traverse will take place and the pointer actuated by the
traverse motion will indicate a number corresponding to the draft. If the front and
back roller have the same diameter, this would be 6 in the case referred to, while with
diameter of seven and nine eights respectively it would be 7.71. It is obvious that
the gearing can be so proportioned for different machines on which the indicator is to
be used that a convenient size of dial and graduations can be obtained.
The second screw in front of the disk is driven by bevil or other gearing from the
shaft driving the spindles, so that its number of revolutions is proportional to that of
the spindles. The nut or pulley on this screw will be traversed in the same manner
as herein before described with reference to the first nut and screw, till the diameters
of the contact circles on the disk and pulley are in inverse ratio as the speeds of
the disk and screw. The nut is connected to a rack actuating a pointer in front of
a second dial similar to the previously described arrangement, on which the ratio
of the speeds of the front roller and the spindles or the corresponding number of
twists the yarn receives per inch of length is shown.
The axes of the screws and the disk shaft are preferably in a horizontal plane, but
may be placed at different heights, and the screws may be placed in separate carriages
or vertically or obliquely instead of horizontally.
On the circumference of the disk a worm is cut which works into a wormwheel on
a longitudinal shaft from which through other worms and worm wheels a pointer is
actuated similarly as in an ordinary bank indicator in front of a third dial on the
casing. This pointer rotates proportionally to the number of revolutions of the front
roller and indicates the length of yarn or number of hanks delivered by this roller in
the usual manner on the dial.
My improved indicator thus shows not only the number of hanks delivered as the
usual indicator does, but at the same time the draft and the twist, so that the manager
of a mill can see at a glance whether the change wheels for altering the draft or twist
have been correctly applied corresponding to the number of yarn produced on the
machine, and the operatives themselves can ascertain whether the standard twist or
more or less is put into the yarn.
For some machines one or the other of the dials and the mechanism for actuating
the pointers may be omitted. For drawing frames the draft and hank indicators
only are required, while for doubling frames the twist and hank indicators only would
be used. In other cases where the machines are already furnished with hank indi-
cators or their equivalent the twist and draft indicators only either separately or
combined may be applied.
Dated the 9th day of Anonst. 1886

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Indicators for Drawing, Twisting, and Spinning
Machines.
I JACOB JUCKER of 60 Peter Street, Manchester in the County of Lancaster
mechanical engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to indicators for twisting and spinning machines and consists
in novel combinations or arrangements of mechanism for indicating the draft between
the back and front delivery rollers, the twist or number of turns per inch and the
length or number of hanks of sliver or yarn delivered, or the draft or twist only or
either of them separately or in combination with the number of hanks.
My improved indicator is shewn on the two sheets of drawings appended hereunto.
Figure 1 shows a front view of the same.
Figure 2 a section along line A B on figure 4, looking towards the back.
Figure 3 a section along the same line, looking towards the face with the disc
removed.
Figure 4 a cross section through the centre of the indicator.
The apparatus consists of a suitable case or frame a fixed to the roller beam of the
spinning or twisting machine. A stud 6 figures 2 and 4 is fixed in the back of the
case and carries a plane disc c. A spurwheel c' is fixed to the disc c and rotated
through a pinion fixed upon a shaft c coupled to or driven by gearing from the
front roller of the machine. The number of revolutions made by the disc c is thus
proportional to that made by the front roller and consequently to the length of
sliver or yarn delivered. In front of the disc c a ring plate d, figures 3 and 4, is
attached to lugs a¹ a³ ³ formed on the case a and is cast with a cross bar d¹ extending
in front of the disc at its centre line. To the cross bar d¹ two carriages e and fare
attached near to their ends by screws d² which slide in the crossbar d' and the carriages
are pressed towards the disc c by bent spring blades 9 which are attached to the
carriages at their middle by screws g¹ g¹ and press with their ends against the
crossbar d¹.
The carriage e contains bearings e and e³ in which a screw h can rotate. The
screw carries a nut h¹ formed into a pulley with a rounded or a narrow flat face
and this pulley or nut being in contact with the face of the disc c is rotated by
the latter, the number of revolutions made by it depending on its position on
the face of the disc or its distance from the centre of the disc. The screw / has
fixed upon it a pinion h driven through the carrier h³ from the wheel h* fixed upon
the shaft h'. This shaft is carried in a bracket, figures 2 and 4, adjustable on the
back plate of the case a and secured by thumb nuts. The shaft 7 is driven
through the bevil wheels and h' from the shaft i, which latter is coupled to or
driven from the back roller of the spinning or twisting machine. The screw h

page_text: consequently makes a number of revolutions proportional to that made by the back
roller and to the length of sliver or yarn drawn in by the back roller. Unless the
numbers of revolutions made by the screw and the nut or pulley h¹ are the same,
the latter, will be traversed by the differential rotation along the face of the disc until
the rotary speed of both becomes indentical. Above the screws hand na plate k is
placed supported on brackets fixed to the ring plated and formed with slots in
which two racks and m can slide. The slide of the rack above the screw / has
a slot in it into which the rim of the nut or pulley h¹ projects and the lateral movement
of the nut or pulley is thereby communicated to the rack 1. Instead of the arrange-
ment described, the nut may be formed with a circular groove and a fork attached to
the rack may enter this groove. The rack actuates a wheel fixed upon a shaft
supported in brackets 1 on the plate k and passing through the front dial o.
The shaft carries at its outer end a pointer moving in front of a graduated
circle on the dial o marked "Draft " on which according to the different distances
of the pulley or nut from the centre of the disc c figures are marked denoting
the ratio of the circumferential speeds of the front and back roller or the draft. For
instance, if the gearing is such that the disc makes one revolution for four revolutions
of the front roller, and the screw makes 3 revolutions for one of the back roller, and
the front roller makes 6 revolutions for one revolution of the back roller, the disc c
will make one revolution for every two revolutions of the screw h and the nut or
pulley h¹ will be traversed on the screw till the diameter of the contact circle described
by the pulley on the disc is equal to double the diameter of the pulley, when no further
traverse will take place and the pointer actuated by the traverse motion through
the rack and wheel 2 will indicate a number corresponding to the draft. If the back
and front roller have the same diameter, this would be 6 in the case referred to, while
with diameters of seven and nine eights respectively it would be 7.71. It is obvious
that the gearing can be so proportioned for different machines on which the indicator
is to be used, that a convenient size of dial and graduations can be obtained.
The second screw n in front of the dise is supported in brackets and on plate/
and carries a nut pulley n¹ actuating a second rack m in gear with a pinion m² on a
shaft m³ which protrudes through the dial plate o and carries a pointer me in front of
a graduated circle marked "Twist" in a similar manner as herein before described
with reference to the first screw and the "draft" dial. The screw n is driven
through the bevil wheels n³ and n³ from a shaft n' rotating in a bush of the case a and
driven through gearing from the shaft driving the spindles, so that its number of
revolutions is proportional to that of the spindles. The nut or pulley n¹ will be traversed
on the screw n in the same manner as herein before described with reference to the
nut and screw , till the diameters of the contact circles on the disc c and pulley n¹
are in inverse ratio as the speeds of the disc and screw.
As the disc c is driven from the front roller and the screw n from the spindle driving
shaft, every different ratio of the speeds of the front roller and spindle driving
shaft will correspond to a different position of the pointer me, so that the latter will
indicate this ratio or instead thereof the corresponding number of twists the yarn.
receives per inch of length by figures marked on the "Twist" dial.
Spiral springs ee and ff are placed upon the screws h and n for the purpose of
arresting the traverse of the pulleys h¹ and n¹ if by chance a greater change in the
speeds should be made than the apparatus is constructed for and the pulleys work
off the end of the thread. The springs hold them up to the end of the thread
so that when the relative motion of the screw and nut pulley is reversed the screw
again rapidly enters into the thread of the nut pulley.
On the circumference of the disc c a worm is cut which works in a wormwheel p on
a shaft with a worm p', the latter gears with the second worn wheel g on a shaft with
the worm q which drives the worm wheel r. The latter is fixed on the shaft 71
carrying the pointer in front of a third dial and as its speed is proportional to the
number of revolutions of the front roller, it indicates the length of yarn or number of
hanks delivered by this roller in a similar manner as the usual hank indicator does.

page_text: A second finger & is driven through the wheels so as to indicate tenths of
hanks. The arrangement of wheels may be varied and the arrangement of the hank
indicator by itself forms no part of my invention.
My improved indicator thus shows not only the number of hanks delivered, as the
usual indicator for spinning and twisting machines does, but also the draft and the
twist, so that the manager of a mill can see at a glance whether the change wheels for
altering the draft or twist have been correctly applied for the number of yarn to be
produced on the machine, and the operatives themselves can ascertain whether the
standard twist or more or less is put into the yarn.
For some machines one or the other of the dials and the mechanism for actuating
the pointer may be omitted. For drawing frames the draft and bank indicators only
are required, while for doubling twisting frames the twist and hank indicators only
would be used. In other cases where the machines are already furnished with hank
indicators or their equivalent, the twist and draft indicator only either separately or
combined may be used.
The axis of the screws and disc stud are preferably in a horizontal plane, but may
be placed at different heights and the screws may be placed vertically or obliquely
instead of horizontally. Obviously the gearing must be arranged to suit the
circumferential speeds of the rollers and the speed of the spindle shaft of the machine
for which the indicator is intended, and I do not confine myself to the detail arrange-
ments shewn on the drawings and herein before described, but these may be modified
or replaced by their mechanical equivalents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
Firstly. Indicating the draft by a pointer actuated by the differential motion of a
screw rotated by gearing from the back roller and a nut rotated by gearing from the
front roller of spinning or twisting machines.
Secondly. The construction or arrangement of a draft indicator actuated by the
differential motion of a screw rotated by gearing from the back roller and a nut
rotated by gearing from the front roller, substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by the drawings.
Thirdly. Indicating the twist by a pointer actuated by the differential motion of a
screw rotated by gearing from the spindle driving shaft and a nut rotated by gearing
from the front roller of spinning or twisting machines.
Fourthly. The construction or arrangement of a twist indicator actuated by the
differential motion of a screw rotated by gearing from the spindle driving shaft and a
nut rotated by gearing from the front roller substantially as herein before described
and illustrated by the drawings.
Fifthly. The combination of a draft indicator arranged as specified in the first or
second claim and a twist indicator arranged as specified in the third or fourth claim,
with each other or jointly or separately with a hank indicator.
Sixthly. The construction or arrangement of a combined draft, twist and hank
indicator substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this Oth dow of Mar 1987
EMMOTT & Co.,
Pp. C. Bollé,
Agents for the Applicant.