IMPROVE- MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Charles Raymond Okes, of 112, Maida
Vale, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
Sealed the 11th January 1876, and dated the 26th October 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Charles Raymond
Okes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 26th October 1875.
I, JOHN CHARLES RAYMOND OKES, of 112, Maida Vale, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in steam boilers, and
is applicable especially to cylindrical boilers which are fired internally.
In order to increase the heating surface in such boilers I apply tubes
of a U form, which I insert into the furnace, so that one limb of each
bent tube passes beneath the fire-bars, whilst the other limb returns over

page_text: the top of the firc. Both limbs project beyond the front end of the
boiler, and here the several tubes are coupled to two junction pieces or
boxes. One of the junction pieces or boxes is in communication with
the lower part of the boiler below the furnaces, and the other with the
upper part above the furnaces, but beneath the water level, so that there
may be a constant circulation of the water from the boiler into the
lower junction piece or box, then through the tubes and the upper
junction piece or box and back into the boiler. The junction pieces or
boxes and the outer ends of the tubes are enclosed with a casing, upon
which the fire-door is hung. By this arrangement the tubes are easily
applied without alteration of the boiler beyond the connection of the
junction pieces or boxes. The joints are not exposed to the direct
action of the fire, and are accessible. By the rapid flow of water
which takes place through the tubes the circulation of the boiler is
improved.
In place of employing junction pieces or boxes the tubes may each
be separately connected at the front of the boiler. If desired the lower
limbs of the bent tubes may be made to serve as fire-bars.
In place of these arrangements I in some cases lead the tubes through
the internal flue of the boiler from end to end, and connect each tube
externally at one end to the front of the boiler above the furnace, and
at the other end to the back of the boiler near the bottom, so that as in
the former case the joints are not exposed to the fire, and are accessible;
or in place of connecting each tube separately with the boiler they may
be connected with junction pieces or boxes in communication with the
boiler, one at each end.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Charles Raymond Okes in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 26th April 1876.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Charles Raymond Okes,
Her special license, that I, the said John Charles Raymond Okes, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Charles Raymond Okes, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Charles Raymond
Okes, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Charles Raymond Okes'
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in steam boilers, and
is applicable especially to cylindrical boilers which are fired internally.
In order to increase the heating surface in such boilers I apply tubes
of an U form, which I insert into the furnace, so that one limb of each
bent tube passes beneath the fire-bars, whilst the other limb returns
over the top of the fire. Both limbs project beyond the front end of
the boiler, and here the several tubes are coupled to two junction pieces
or boxes. One of the junction pieces or boxes is in communication
with the lower part of the boiler below the furnaces, and the other with
the upper part above the furnaces, but beneath the water level, so that
there may be a constant circulation of the water from the boiler into
the lower junction piece or box, then through the tubes and the upper

page_text: Figure 1 is a front elevation of a steam boiler having my improve-
ments applied to it; Figure 2 is a vertical section through one of the 1
furnaces of the same; Figure 3 is a sectional plan.
a, a, are the U tubes; they project at both ends beyond the front of
the boiler. The lower ends of the tubes are screwed into angle pieces b,
which are bolted to the junction box c, and this junction box com-
municates with the boiler beneath the furnace. A section of one of the s
angle pieces is shown at Figure 4; it is provided with a screw plug at c'
to facilitate cleaning the tubes.
The upper end of each tube is screwed into a plate d, which is
attached by bolts to the upper junction box e. The junction box e
communicates with the boiler above the furnace and below the water
line. Opposite the mouths of the tubes there are openings in the
junction box for cleaning the tubes, and these openings are furnished
with covers e¹ secured by screw bolts, e are stops upon the covers to
prevent a too rapid rush of water from the tubes. f is a frame or
casing fixed to the front of the boiler and standing out from it beyond
the junction box e. The fire-door g is hung to this frame or casing,
and its under side forms a dead plate in front of the fire-bars. h is a
name plate in front of the covers e¹ from one side of Figure 1. This
plate and the frame or casing f are absent. The tubes pass as the
Drawings show along beneath the fire-bars through or in front of the

page_text: fire-bridge and then return to the front over the fire. The tubes may
serve in lieu of fire-bars, but the arrangement shown is preferred.
I claim the improvements in steam boilers, substantially as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Charles Raymond Okes,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of
April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-six.