Improvements in the Preparing and Dyeing of Tops, Slubbing, Wool, Yarns, Silk, Mohair, Alpaca, Jute, or any other Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1899
Improvements in the Preparing and Dyeing of Tops, Slubbing, Wool,
Yarns, Silk, Mohair, Alpaca, Jute, or any other Textile Fabrics.
JOHN RHODES, 36, Elizabeth Street, Little Horton Lane, Bradford, Yorkshire,
Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I employ a cistern of any dimensions, within which I use a perforated cage, the
cage being made from wood, iron, cloth or woven fabric, or any other suitable
material. I do not confine myself to the use of any particular kind of metals or
make of cloth or woven fabric, or netting, or restrict myself to the use of any
kind of material of which the cage may be made.
My method is a circular motion, obtaised by steam pumping and gravitation
through the material in the cage and cistern in its raw or manufactured state.
I employ check guards or valves to open or close, at will, the perforated portions
cage which causes the liquor to flow in different directions as required, horizon-
tally, vertically and not in one direction.
of
I prepare or dye any shade or colour with or without removing the material from
the cage or cistern.
I enclose both cage and cistern with a cover to prevent loss of steam.
Improvements in the Preparing and Dyeing of Tops, Slubbing, Wool,
Yarns, Silk, Mohair, Alpaca, Jute, or any other Textile Fabrics,
I, JOHN RHODES, of 36, Elizabeth Street, Little Horton Lane, Bradford, in the
County of York, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide simple apparatus for scouring, dyeing
and similarly treating wool and other fibrous material, hanks of yarn, slubbing
and the like.
To fully describe my invention reference is made to the accompanying sheet of
drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar figures of reference
indicate corresponding parts in each of the views.
Figure 1, represents a longitudinal section of a portion of a cistern or vat to
which my improvements are applied.
Figure 2, is a plan view of the same with the half of the vat in section to show
the interior in full.
The vat 2 contains an inner cage or vessel 3 the sides 4 of which are fixed a
certain distance from the walls of the rat so as to leave a space 5 all round. The
bottom 1 of the sides of the cage does not reach to the bottom 6 of the vat but is
supported a little way from the bottom upon a suitable number of feet 7 conse-
Price 81

page_text: quently a space is left all round. A steam pipe 9 is fixed all round the bottom
of the rat outside the inner cage 3. This pipe is made with perforations 10 in
the top and is supplied with steam under pressure preferably by two inlets 12, 12.
The cage has a false bottom consisting of cross bars 13 covered with canvas 14
or the like fabric and the material to be treated is placed upon this false bottom
and a canvas cover 15 placed over it. Instead of completely filling the cage
a removable horizontal partition 17 supported on the side bars 18 may be placed
over the material on the false bottom. In this case the partition 17
is also covered with canvas 19 and a covering 20 of canvas is placed over
the material. The stippling 21 in Figure 1 represents the material to be
treated in position. The sides of the vessel 3 may be made of openwork or with
perforations 23 in which case they are covered with canvas. The canvas retards
the passage of the liquid and keeps it more uniformly in contact with the
material.
In operation the vat 2 is filled with dye or other liquor approximately to the
level of the false bottom 13 and to prevent this being exceeded an overflow pipe 24
fitted with a stop valve 25 is preferably fitted. By this means the liquor is pre-
vented from exerting "back pressure that is to say rising up high enough to
float the material and thereby more or less opening out the material and in parts
permitting the liquid to flow too readily through it.
"
When steam of sufficient pressure is turned on to the pipe 9 it besides heating
the liquor pumps or drives it up the space 5 and the inwardly curved rim 27 of
the sides of the vat and the cover 28 cause it to flow over in to the top of the
vessel 3. Pumping or forcing the liquor from beneath the bottom 13 up in this
way produces a suction or partial vacuum, under the material which tends to draw
the liquor flowing into the top of the vessel back through the material, and the
canvas insures uniform distribution of the liquor.
To prevent the liquor passing directly through the material I may employ
check guards consisting of hinged doors 30 fitted on the outside of the false
bottom. One of these doors is shown in section in Figure 1 and another is shown
open and in full by the side of it. The doors are closed by chains or ropes
attached to the staples 31, extending up to the top of the vat. Closing one or more
of the doors causes a portion of the liquor to flow in an inclined or lateral course
through the material."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination with a cistern or vat, of the inner cage 3 constructed as
shown and a perforated steam pipe 9 located at the bottom of the space between
the sides of the said vat, and vessel, substantially as herein shown and described
and for the purpose specified.
2. The combination with the cistern or vat 2 and cage 3 constructed as shown,
of the over-flow pipe 24 located substantially as herein shown and described, and
for the purpose specified.
3. The combination with the vat 2 and cage 3 of the check doors 30 substan-
tially as herein shown and described.
4. The combination with the cistern or vat 2 of a perforated inner cage 3 the
perforated portions of which are lined or covered with canvas or other suitable
woven fabric substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
specified.
5. A dyeing machine constructed and arranged substantially as herein shown
and described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 6th day of October 1899.