IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING SILK
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Lomas, of the City of Manchester,
Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING AND DOUBLING SILK."
Sealed the 28th April 1854, and dated the 1st November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the. said Samuel Lomas
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st November 1853.
I, SAMUEL LOMAS, of the City of Manchester, Managér, do lieřeby.
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI-
NERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING SILK" to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the application of a friction roller
mounted loosely on a stud fixed in a cross rail placed between the
upright bobbins on which the silk is wound on the cleaning or winding
frame and the shaft bobbins on which it is to be wound. The silk on
leaving the upright bobbin is passed once or more times round this
friction roller, the diameter and weight of which is regulated according
to the quality of silk to be spun or doubled, and thence goes. 'to be
wound on the shaft bobbin in the usual manner. By this means the
speed of the spindles can be very much increased, and knobs of glass
or other material, and the flyers and lap eyes, are dispensed with, :a

page_text: more equal drag is obtained, and no injury is done to the silk. In
order to vary the drag according to the strength or quality of the silk
under operation I also propose to give additional friction to the fric-
tion roller, either by a washer of caoutchouc, or a spring acting on one
end of the roller, or by a weighted cord passing over it, or by other
.means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Lomas in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 29th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I,
SAMUEL LOMAS, of the City of Manchester, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Samuel Lomas, Her special license that I, the
said Samuel Lomas, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Samuel Lomas, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING SILK," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Samuel Lomas, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel. Lomas, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be. particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say:

page_text: My Invention consists in the application of a friction roller mounted
loosely on a stud, around which roller the silk is passed in going from.
the upright bobbin to the shaft bobbin of machines for spinning or
doubling silk.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I will proceed
to describe the manner of performing the same, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawing, and to the letters marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
a, is part of the frame of an ordinary machine for spinning silk to
which my improvements are applied; b, is the bobbin on which the
silk has been wound by the cleaning machine; c, is the friction roller
around which the silk is passed in going from the upright bobbin
to the horizontal shaft bobbin d, both of which, and the traverse
guide f, are constructed and driven in the usual manner; the friction
roller c is mounted loose on a stud fixed in the rail c. I prefer to set
the rollers c in a diagonal position, and to place a washer of caoutchouc
or other suitable material between the end of the roller c and the rail e;
in order to cause a drag on the silk as it is being unwound off the
bobbin & by the bobbin d. The amount of drag can be varied by a
spring acting on the outer end of the roller c; this spring may be
fastened to the stud on which the roller revolves, and by its action the
iuner end of the roller would be pressed against the rail e, or against
the washer before referred to; a weighted cord may also be used to
increase the drag, instead of the spring above mentioned. I prefer to
make the friction rollers c of hard wood; but metal or other materials
may be used. The rollers care found to produce a more equal drag
on the silk than the knobs of glass or other material which are
generally used in their stead; the speed of the bobbins can also be
increased without producing snarls, and without injuring the silk under
operation. The Drawing represents my Invention as applied to a
spinning machine, but it is also applicable to machines for doubling.
When it is applied to doubling machines the flyers and lap eyes usually
employed are dispensed with.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the shape or dimensions of the friction roller herein-before.
described, as the same may be varied according to the. strength or
quality of the silk under operation; but what I do claim 'is, the
revolving friction roller maked c, when used in the manner and for
the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Lomas, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of April, One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the .
⚫ within-named Samuel Lomas in.
the presence of
H. B. BARLOW,.
SAMUEL LOMAS. (L.S.)
Patent Agent,
Manchester.