Improvements in or relating to Gas and Oil Lighting.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in or relating to Gas and Oil Lighting.
We, MALCOLM HORSELEY HAWES, Gas Engineer, and ROBERT FARRINGTON,
Merchant, both of 71, Shoe Lane, in the County of Middlesex, and WILLIAM
HUDSON HAND, Major King's Liverpool Regiment, Grena Lodge, Richmond,
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to lighting whether the flame be supplied by ordinary
illuminating gas or oil vapour or otherwise.
The invention comprises the employment of a central refractory body of conical
or other suitable shape, around which is an annular flame which may be produced
from an ordinary oil or gas burner preferably having a central air supply. A
glass or other chimney may be employed.
Instead of making the refractory body circular and employing an annular flame
we may make the body flat or of other suitable shape and employ one or more flat
or nearly flat flames with the body between them, or otherwise placed as preferred.
The refractory body is not intended to be an incandescent body in the ordinary
understanding of the term, and the flame does not impinge upon it and is intended
not to touch it at all.
Furthermore should the flame be suddenly extinguished the body instead of
being of a brilliant white or red heat is found to be substantially of its normal
colour.
Various materials may be employed in the manufacture of this refractory body,
those preferably employed being calcium, pipe or fire clay, magnesium, zirconium,
asbestos, oxide of zinc and silicate of soda in suitable proportions.
One convenient way of making it is to first mould under pressure or not into
the required form some of the above mentioned ingredients mixed with water or
other suitable liquid; upon this we then apply, preferably in the form of a
paint, certain of the other ingredients.
Other ways however may be employed in the forming of this refractory body.
We find in practice that excellent illuminating effects are obtained by the use
with a non-atmospheric burner of this refractory body.
Dated this 10th day of December 1897.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Gas and Oil Lighting.
We, MALCOLM HORSELEY HAWES, Gas Engineer, and ROBERT FARRINGTON,
Merchant, both of 71, Shoe Lane, in the County of Middlesex, and WILLIAM
HUDSON HAND, Major King's Liverpool Regiment, Grena Lodge, Richmond,
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:.
-
This invention relates to burners for illuminating purposes whether the flame
be supplied by ordinary illuminating gas or oil vapour or otherwise. According
to this invention the illuminating power of a flame of annular cross section is
increased by placing within the flame ring a central core body or plug of refractory
material in close proximity to, but not touching the flame, provision being made
for the access of air to both the outside and inside of the circular wall of flame.
When applied to an Argand burner, the refractory body is placed above it and
is made preferably in the shape of a cone, its base being slightly smaller in circum-
ference than the annular burner.
The central core within the flame ring is so constructed as not to be fragile, that
is to say, as not to require extreme care in handling, but to be sufficiently tough
or co-herent to withstand treatment with ordinary care. If desired, it may be a
solid body as in the example illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section of the burner.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the entire burner the chimney and the ring burner being in
section.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The ring burner which gives rise to the annular flame is shown at A, the air
passage leading to the inner part of the flame being shown at A' and that leading
to the outside of the flame A. The flame itself is shown at A³.
B is the mass of refractory material mounted on a stem B₁ which passes through
the centre of the air passage A. The ring supporting the chimney is shown at C,
a portion of the chimney being shown and marked C. C2 is a gallery for the globe.
Air obtains access to the inner and outer supply passages A¹ A² through the
perforations D' of the support 1).
It is to be understood that the body B does not incandescence but by its action
upon the flame renders the latter more highly luminous, than would otherwise be
the case.
Although various substances may be employed for the body B the material
preferred is a mixture of 75 parts of pipe clay,
magnesium, 5 parts calcium hydrate and 5 parts zirconium, these proportions being
parts asbestos, 10 parts oxide of
parts by weight.
Instead of making the refractory body circular and employing an annular flame
we may make the body flat or of other suitable shape, and employ one or more
flat or nearly flat flames with the body between them or otherwise placed as pre-
ferred. The refractory body is not intended to be an incandescent body in the
ordinary understanding of the term, and the flame does not impinge upon it and
is intended not to touch it at all.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what wo
claim is:-
1. Increasing the illuminating power of a gas or oil lamp by the insertion of a 4
solid refractory core in close proximity to, but not touching, the flame substantially
as described.
2. The complete oil or gas burner substantialle.
Dated this 22nd day of April 1898.
MALCOLM H. HAWES.
ROBERT FARRINGTON.
W. H. HAND.
Boult & Wade, Agents for the Applicants.