Im- PROVEMENTS IN JOINTS OR COUPLINGS FOR PIPES, RODS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STOPPING PIPES, BOTTLES, CASES, AND SIMILAR RECEPTACLES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Galloway, of Francis Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Mining Engineer, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN JOINTS OR COUPLINGS FOR PIPES, RODS, AND OTHER LIKE
ARTICLES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STOPPING PIPES,
BOTTLES, CASES, AND SIMILAR RECEPTACLES."
Sealed the 11th March 1870, and dated the 20th December 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Galloway at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th December 1869.
I, WILLIAM GALLOWAY, of Francis Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Mining Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINTS OR COUPLINGS FOR PIPIS, RODS, AND OTHER LIKE
ARTICLES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STOPPING PIPES,
BOTTLES, CASKS, AND SIMILAR RECEPTACLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a simple form of joint or coupling suitable
for connecting together the ends of pipes, rods, ropes or cords, and other
like articles requiring to be rapidly coupled and uncoupled, whilst at the
Pine 81

page_text: same time in the case of pipes a perfectly tight joint is obtained, which
improvements are also applicable to the closing or stopping of pipes,
bottles, casks, and other like articles or receptacles.
According to this Invention, when applied as a joint or coupling, I
employ an external and internal screwed piece forming the socket or
containing a separate socket inside it for the reception of one end of one
of the two parts to be jointed or coupled together, whilst the external
screw is attached to or formed on the end of the corresponding part to be
jointed, or coupled, or joined. The socket above referred to remains
always screwed on to or is in connection with the external screwed part,
and is provided with a bayonet joint or other convenient locking arrange-
ment, whereby the end of one of the pipes or rods can be readily inserted
into the socket, and by a slight turn either of the said pipe or rod or of
loose lugs on the same, or of the internal screwed piece the said pipe
or rod is locked in its socket, and the joint is then tightened up by an
additional slight turn of the said pipe or rod and internal screwed piece
together, or of the internal screwed piece alone in some cases, or of the
internal screwed piece together with the loose lugs.
By employing a solid rod, plug, or stopper in lieu of a tube as above
described it is obvious that the same arrangement may be employed for
closing the ends of pipes, the mouths of bottles, and the openings in
casks or other like receptacles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Galloway in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th June 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
GALLOWAY, of Francis Street, in the County of Middlesex, Mining
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of December, in the year;
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Galloway, Her special licence
that I, the said William Galloway, my executors, administrators, and

page_text: assigns, or such others as I, the said William Galloway, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN JOINTS OR COUPLINGS FOR PIPES, RODS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR STOPPING PIPES, BOTTLES, CASKS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR RECEPTACLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Galloway, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Galloway, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):-
My said Invention relates to a simple form of joint or coupling and
modifications thereof suitable for connecting together the ends of pipes,
rods, ropes or cords, and other like articles requiring to be rapidly
coupled and uncoupled, whilst at the same time in the case of pipes a
perfectly tight joint is obtained, which improvements are also applicable
to the closing or stopping of pipes, bottles, casks and other like articles
or receptacles.
According to my Invention I employ certain combinations of bayonet
and union joints for pipes, couplings, and stoppers. One modification
applied as a joint or coupling consists of external and internal screwed
pieces, the internal screwed piece forming the socket for the reception
of one end of one of the two parts to be jointed or coupled together,
whilst the external screw is formed on or carried by the end of the
corresponding part to be jointed or coupled. The socket or internal
screwed part above referred to remains always screwed on to or is in
connection with the external screwed part, and is combined with a
bayonet joint or other convenient locking arrangement whereby the

page_text: end of one of the pipes or parts to be coupled can be readily inserted
into the socket, and by a slight turn either of the said pipe or of loose
lugs on the same, or of the internal screwed piece, the said pipe is locked
in its socket, and the joint is then tightened up by an additional slight
turn of the said pipe and internal screwed piece together or of the
internal screwed piece alone in some cases, or of the internal screwed
piece together with the loose lugs. By employing a solid rod, plug,
stopper, or cap in lieu of a tube as above described, it is obvious that the
same arrangement may be employed for closing the ends of pipes, the
mouths of bottles, and the openings in casks and other like receptacles.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
The annexed Sheet of Drawings illustrates several examples of the
modes of applying or carrying out my said Invention.
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of one form of my improved
coupling applied as a hose pipe joint; Figure 2 is a section of the
internal screwed socket piece detached; Figure 3 is a face view of the
same; and Figure 4 is an end view of the pipe B in Figure 1 detached.
A and B in these Figures represent respectively the two pipes to be
joined or coupled. On the end of the pipe A there is formed an external
screw thread a, which screws into an internal screw thread made in one
side or end of the socket piece C. On the other side or end of this
socket piece there are made internal annular grooves c, c, provided with
stops or closed ends at c¹, c', and extending partially round the internal
circumference of the socket piece. At or near the end of the pipe B
and on the exterior surface thereof are formed raised segmental ribs or
projections b, b, which enter the socket piece C, and then by a slight
turn of the said pipe B are engaged with the grooves c, c, which they
enter until they meet with the stops c', c', when by a still further turn
of the said pipe B the screwed socket piece C will be carried round with
it and cause the end face of the pipe B to be brought into close contact
with a leather or other packing ring d, thus completing the joint or
coupling by a very slight turn of the pipe B and socket C beyond that
required to complete the bayonet connection between the said pipe B

page_text: and socket C. Or after the bayonet coupling has been completed, the
socket C alone may be turned to tighten up the joint. In uncoupling
it is simply requisite to give a partial unscrewing turn to the socket C
by means of the lugs D, D, after which the bayonet connection between
the pipe B and the socket C can be readily separated. If desired the
grooves c, c, and the projections b, b, may form part of a slow screw,
either in the same direction as the internal screw thread a on the pipe A,
or in the reverse direction; in the latter case this would have the effect
of preventing the pipe B from turning without the socket C. This may
also be accomplished by forming a recess in or inclining the side of the
socket, as shewn by the dotted line x, Figures 2 and 13. E, E, are lugs
formed on the pipe A for holding it, fixed or turning it as may be required,
either pipe in this modification being supposed capable of making about
one quarter of a revolution.
Figure 5 illustrates a slightly modified arrangement of pipe coupling
applicable in those cases wherein neither of the coupled pipes A and B
are free to turn, but are only capable of moving towards or from each
other. In this modification the external screw thread a is formed upon
a collar which turns loosely upon the end of the pipe A. This loose
screwed collar is shaped externally at one end similar to an hexagonal
nut for the reception of a spanner, or is provided with lugs E, E, as
shewn in Figure 5, for the facility of turning the same when making the
joint. C is the internal screwed socket piece, the operation and con-
struction of which is the same as the socket in Figure 1, the coupling
and uncoupling in this modification are accomplished in the same way
as in the previous one. In place of using a loose collar with the external
screw formed thereon the said screw may be formed on the pipe A, as in
Figure 1, whilst the projections b, b, on the pipe B are free to rotate.
Figure 6 represents a longitudinal section of such a modification of pipe
joint wherein the projections b, b, are made on a loose ring free to turn on
the pipe B. Figure 7 is a side elevation of the loose ring carrying the
lugs b, b, detached. This ring is held in its place on the pipe B by a
ring 61 braced thereou.
Figures 8 and 9 represent respectively a longitudinal section and end
view of another modification of my improved joint or coupling wherein
the external screw a is formed on the end of the pipe A which has
lugs E formed thereon, as in Figure 1, for the purpose of holding or of
turning the pipe. The socket or internal screwed piece C provided with

page_text: lugs D screws on to the external screw thread a on the pipe A, as in
Figure 1, but in place of having bayonet slots and grooves made on its
interior surface it has fitted inside it a loose ring y, which is formed with
two or more bayonet slots for the entrance of the studs or projections b
formed on the pipe B. In Figure 9 the pipe A is shewn with the socket C
and internal loose ring y upon it, two of such open bayonet slots being
shewn in the ring. The projections 6 on the pipe B (Figure 8) having
been locked on to the bayonet slots in the loose ring y carried in the socket C
the said socket C is slightly turned by its lugs D and the end of the pipe B
is tightened up against the packing ring d. In uncoupling the socket C
is first loosened, and then the pipe B is detached from the bayonet joint in
the loose ring y.
Figures 10 and 11 represent a longitudinal section and end view of
another modification wherein the loose ring y referred to under the last
arrangement is made to screw inside the socket C, for which purpose it
has an external screw a formed thereon, whilst the socket C turns loosely
upon the pipe A. In the end view, Figure 11, the pipe B is removed.
Figure 12 represents a longitudinal section of a slight modification of
the last described arrangement shewing the loose externally screwed
ring y as being extended outside the socket C and provided with lugs E
so as to lock the projections 6 in the bayonet slots by turning the ring y
slightly by means of the said lugs in lieu of turning the pipe B, or the
lugs may be formed on B. The socket C is then screwed up in order to
tighten the joint.
Figures 18 and 14 represent respectively a longitudinal and transverse
section of another modification of the joint or coupling shewn in Figure 1,
the studs or projections 6 on the pipe B forming in this case portions of
the lugs E, and entering into or engaging with bayonet slots cut right
through the socket C.
Figure 15 shews the application of the arrangement (Figure 1) as a
stopper for closing the end of a pipe or for closing the mouth of a bottle
or jar or the bunghole of a cask or other vessel. In this mode of
stopping the external screw thread a is formed on the hollow or tubular
part A which answers to the neck of a bottle or other orifice, and which
carries the internally screwed socket piece C upon it, the said socket
piece always remaining upon the pipe or bottle neck. It is obvious that
any of the other previous modifications may be adopted for a like
purpose. The studs or projections b, b, are made on the exterior

page_text: circumference of the stopper B and fit into the grooves c, c, in the interior
of the socket C precisely in the same way as that shewn at Figure 1. dis
the packing ring fitted on to the lip of the bottle neck or other orifice to
be closed, against which packing the end of the stopper is compressed by
the action of the screwed socket piece C, and thus forms a perfectly tight
stopping. Although my said improvements are more especially useful for
the ready coupling and uncoupling of hose pipes for fire engines and other
purposes, it is obvious that the various modes herein-before described of
coupling pipes or making pipe joints may be equally applied to the coupling
or connecting together of rods, ropes, cords, or chains for signal apparatus
or for any other purpose where such a mode of coupling may be found
available.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The combination of a screwed socket piece with a bayonet joint
arranged and fitted together so as to form a coupling for pipes, rods, and
other like articles, substantially in the manner herein-before described and
illustrated by the Drawings.
Second. The closing or stopping of orifices by the use of a screwed
socket piece fitted on to the neck of the orifice to be closed in combination
with bayonet slots and with a stopper provided with studs or projections,
as herein-before described and illustrated by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Galloway, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of June
One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
WILLIAM GALLOWAY. (L.S.)