Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1900-Accepted, 25th Aug., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
PHILIP CORNISH, Surveyor, 681, High Road, Leytonstone, Essex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to bring & keep the fuel or substances heated
by oil spray or gas in actual & closer contact with the tubes forming the con-
tinuous spiral grate or grates and sides of the furnace whereby larger areas of
tube surfaces are heated in a small space with. fewer connections round a central
vertical tube of comparatively large diameter smaller tubes are arranged spirally
from top to bottom separate & side by side extending outwards from the vertical
tube to the walls of the cylinder in which the arrangement is enclosed. This
cylinder is also formed of separate tubes arranged spirally but one above the
other. All the tubes are spaced slightly apart & are connected at their ends to
vessels both top and bottom which are kept apart & secured to each other by
rigid stays outside & independent of all tubes. The larger central tube is con-
nected with the top vessel only, & does not extend quite down to the lower vessel,
and has its lower end closed. The lower vessel is concave having a hole through
it for the admission of air, gas or extraction of ashes. One or more spiral grate
or grates may be arranged one above the other around the central tube and within
the same cylinder to support any substances heated by oil spray.
or gas. If
ordinary fuel is used the pitch of the spiral grate or grates may be such as to
allow of its being fed in near the top passing down by gravitation & consumed.
Suitable outer casings are provided to direct the heated gasses which may again
be passed into the furnace.
Dated this Twenty first day of October 1899
PHILIP CORNISH.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, PHILIP CORNISH, of 681, High Road, Leytonstone, in the County of Essex,
Architect and Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be. particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention refers to steam-generators in which the water is converted
into steam in tubes, the steam passing off from the top and the water entering
from below. The object of my invention is to increase the effect of the fire
or burning fuel on the tubes and create the most active and close contact between
the heat and the water, thus raising steam more efficiently and economically
than hitherto.
My improved boiler is designed to use any description of fuel, such as coal,
charcoal, wood, peat, oil spray and the like or a mixture or combination of any

page_text: of these. It is very compact in design and thus occupies a small space and has
very few joints or connections, qualities which make it especially suitable for
motor-cars, launches and the like."
My improved boiler is preferentially in shape a vertical cylinder with a central
tube and around this central tube I construct a sloping fire grate composed of
several sets of horizontally arranged spiral tubes, placed parallel to each other
and each tube slightly apart. These tubes wind upwards, from a chamber form-
ing the water tank beneath, to an upper chamber forming the steam chest above,
and their ends are connected to both, the fire or fuel being placed upon said tubes
in such a way that while resting upon one set of tubes it heats also the set above
it. Doors are provided for feed purposes and for cleaning the spirals. The
centre tube is divided into two parts, the lower part serves both as inlet for air
and outlet for ashes while the upper part forms the steam outlet into the steam
delivery chamber. Around the fire-chamber or spiral gratings I may also place
other sets of spiral tubes vertically arranged, so as to form a wall of tubes around
the fire-chamber. These would also be connected like the others to the two
chambers, but might not be found necessary in all cases.
The said chambers are
rigidly connected together by outside bolts and connections altogether inde-
pendent of said spiral tubes.
In the upper part of centre tube I may introduce a small tube l, and direct
the steam down the tube 1, and up through A, in order to superheat same if
desirable.
I will now describe the construction of my boiler with reference to the accom-
panying drawings in which Fig. 1 shows a sectional elevation of my boiler
and Fig. 2 shows a sectional half plan view of. same on the line A-B.
a, is the upper chamber forming steam chest.
b, is the lower chamber or water supply tank.
c. is the inlet of feed pipe.
d, d, are openings for supply of fuel.
c. is the flue communicating with annular space inside casing h.
ff, are the spiral tubular grates.
9, 9, are the optional spiral mural tubes.
x, is the inner case, having openings a¹, from fire chamber into outer annular
space 2.
h. is the outer casing, having openings d, and e.
h¹, h, are flanges to receive coupling bolts.
i, i, are bolts and nuts to engage with flanges and hold boiler firmly together.
k, is the perforated lower part of centre tube, to admit blast.
1, is the upper part of centre tube, forming passage for steam through inner
tube ¹.
m, is the steam delivery chamber.
n, is a conical grating at bottom of centre tube for outlet of ashes through
annular space o.
It will be seen that the central tube k, l, is not connected to the water tank b,
but terminates in the air inlet k, and carries near its base the upper end of the
conical grating n. In addition to the air holes shown above the grating, other
holes or slots may be formed to allow part of the blast to pass through the said
grating, or a portion thereof. The pitch of the spiral tubes and the space
between them can be modified or adapted to the kind of fuel used and so arranged
for fuel which makes ashes or clinkers as to facilitate the descent of residue by
gravitation, and enable it to escape by the annular space 0, or in any other
suitable way.
Brackets or other supports, spiral or transverse can be arranged to support
the tubes or check the descent of fuel, or act as heating surfaces for oil spray,
or for any like purpose. In the case of oil spray being employed as fuel, the
necessary openings for the nozzles, and other modifications, would be made as
required.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. Water tube boilers with spiral tubular fire grates, formed of parallel tubes
in which steam is formed, part of said fire-grates serving as fire gratings, while
other parts wind over and around the fire, and with or without other spiral
tubes, arranged vertically so as to form a cylindrical wall around interior of
fire chamber, as herein described and set forth..
2. In a water-tube boiler with spiral grates around a centre tube, upper
chamber a, the dished annular water-tank b, water feed, the openings d, for
the supply of fuel, flue e, air inlet k, steam outlet m, grating n, internal casing,
external casing h, flanges h¹, bolts i, with or without the steam superheater 7, 11
as herein described and set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of July 1900
S. S. BROMHEAD,
Agent for Applicant, 33, Cannon Street, London, E.C.