Year: 1887

page_text: therefor.
I, GEORGE MURRAY WILSON, of Langlands' Mill, Hawick, in the county of
Roxburgh, Woollen Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows
The object of this invention is provide an improved automatic arrangement or
governor whereby the yarn of the yarn beam shall give off a regular length of yarn
and thus keep the tension of the warp equal and the number of picks per inch always
the same in such a manner that the loom tuner having once started the piece with
the proper number of picks does not require to alter the let off motion during the
weaving of the piece.
My automatic arrangement works in conjunction with the balance motion worked
usually from the dead beam of the power loom so that in the event of the warp
becoming too tight from any cause it can by the usual balance mechanism give off an
extra amount of warp for a short time till the equilibrium is restored.
In applying my automatic arrangement to looms where the yarn is unwound by
means of a ratchet and worm actuated by a lever which is raised at each revolution
by the crank shaft, I lengthen the said lever and form a slot in it. In connection
with this lever is another lever having its fulcrum on the front of the loom and
slotted like the first lever, the two levers being attached by a moveable stud running
in the slots of the levers. The second named lever is attached to the usual ratchet by
means of a short chain or arm.
I provide a roller adapted to always bear on the yarn of the yarn beam as the yarn
s unwound this bearing roller by means of an arm moves the above mentioned stud
n the slotted levers so that the smaller the yarn beam becomes the further from its
ulcrum pushed the stud and thus the lift of the lever becomes greater and the
atchet receives more lift causing the yarn beam to give off always the same length of
varp although its diameter diminishes.

page_text: In applying my automatic arrangement to looms which are adjusted by means of a
thumb screw such for example as the Dobcross fast woollen loom I employ in place of
the screw a sliding block which is actuated as above described by a roller bearing on
the yarn beam and which roller as the yarn falls on the beam operates an arrangement
of levers so connected together that as the said bearing roller moves, the said levers
operate the sliding block on an arm connected with the usual beam; the said block as
it slides allows more play to the ratchet thereby automatically compensating for the
diminishing diameter of the yarn bean.
It will be obvious that with slight modifications my invention is applicable to other
constructions of looms than those referred to.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving and in Let-off Motions
therefor.
I, GEORGE MURRAY. WILSON, of Langlands Mill, Hawick, in the county of
Roxburgh, Woollen Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide an improved automatic arrangement or
governor for looms whereby the yarn is given off in regular lengths from the yarn-
beam irrespective of the quantity thereon, thus maintaining the tension of the warp
at all times equal and the number of picks per inch always the same. The improved
automatic governor works in such a manner that the loom-tunor having once started
the piece with the proper number of picks does not require to alter the let-off motion
during the weaving of the piece.
My automatic arrangement works in conjunction with the balance motion worked
usually from the dead beam of the power loom so that in the event of the warp
becoming too tight from any cause it can by the usual balance mechanism give off
an extra amount of warp for a short time till the equilibrium is restored.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 shows in sectional clevation one arrangement of automatic mechanisın
according to my invention; and,
Figure 2 is a similar view showing another arrangement.
a indicates so much of the frame of a loom as is necessary to show the application
of my improvements, and is the beam upon which the yarn is wound.
As shown in Figure 1 my automatic arrangement is applied to a loom where the
yarn is unwound by means of a ratchet and worm actuated by a lever which is raised
at each revolution by a cam on the crank shaft. According to my present invention,
I lengthen the said lever, which is indicated by the letter c, and forin in it a slot d as
in Figure 1. In connection with this lever is a second lever e having its fulcrum at f
on the front of the loom and slotted at g like the first lever, the two levers being
attached by a moveable stud h running in the slots d, g of the levers. The lever e is
attached to a pawl which works in connection with the ratchet wheel i, by means of a
rod j.
kis a roller adapted to always bear on the yarn of the yarn-beam as the yarn
wound thereon decreases in diameter. This roller is carried upon one arm of a three
armed lever pivotted at 1, the other arms of which are respectively connected to the
moveable stud in the slots d, g by the rod m, and provided with a counterweight n
to maintain the roller in contact with the yarn.
With this arrangement as the roller k moves towards the beam the stud is corre-
spondingly moved, for instance, as indicated in dotted lines, so that the smaller the
diameter of the yarn upon the yarn-beam becomes the further the stud is pushed

page_text: from the pivot of the lever c.
The lift of the lever e thus becomes correspondingly
greater so that the ratchet receives more lift causing the yarn beam to rotate an
increased distance to give off always the same length of warp although its diameter
diminishes.
is the cam for transmitting the motion of the shaft p to the lever c.
In applying my automatic arrangement to looms which are adjusted by means
of a thumb screw such for example as the Dobcross fast woollen loom a portion
of which is shown in Figure 2, where the thumb screw is indicated at 7 by dotted
lines, I employ in place of the said screw a sliding block which is actuated as
above described by a roller bearing on the yarn beam. The said roller, as the
yarn falls on the beam, operates the levers s, t connected together by the link
so that as the said roller moves, the said levers operate the sliding block on an
arm connected with the usual dead dead beam 20. The end of the lever e through
the medium of which the pawls are operated is inclined as shown, so that as the
block is gradually moved away from the end of the arm the end of the lever e,
to which the rod is attached, will drop correspondingly, and thus come into more
or less close proximity to a collar on the rod y, through which motion is imparted
to the lever e and thence to the ratchet wheels. More play is thus allowed to the
pawls thereby automatically compensating for the diminishing diameter of the
beam.
yarn-
It will be obvious that with slight modifications my invention is applicable to other
constructions of looms than those referred to; for instance, in a loom where the let-
off motion is controlled by a button or nut sliding upon a rod connected with the
swinging dead beam (such as Hattersley's fast woollen loom) the button of which is
adjusted each day by the loom-tuner, the said button can be adjusted automatically
by a ratchet and levers connecting it with the roller which bears on the yarn-beam as
hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a loom, the employment of mechanism for automatically accelerating the
speed of the yarn-beam as the quantity of thread thereon is diminished, substantially
in the manner described.
2. In a loom, the combination with the let-off motion, of a pin or block or its
equivalent which is operated through the medium of levers, one of which carries a
roller adapted to bear upon the yarn of the yarn beam, and which is adapted to
regulate or limit the motion of the parts, substantially as, and for the purpose,
described.
3. The manufacture and use of mechanism constructed and arranged substantially
as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, for the purpose
specified.
Natal the 62nd day. Il 1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.