IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORCING, EXHAUSTING, OR MEASURING AIR, GAS. OR OTHER FLUIDS OR LIQUIDS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Robertson, of Nitshill, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORCING, EXHAUSTING, OR MEASURING AIR,
GAS. OR OTHER FLUIDS OR LIQUIDS."
Sealed the 6th May 1873, and dated the 21st January 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Robertson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st January 1873.
I, JOHN ROBERTSON, of Nitshill, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of “Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORCING, EXHAUSTING, OR
MEASURING AIR, GAS, OR OTHER FLUIDS OR LIQUIDS," to be as follows, that is
to say :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in machinery or
apparatus for forcing and exhausting air, gas, water, or other fluids or
liquids, consists of a cylinder or casing at the interior of which a shaft
or spindle is situate. On this shaft or spindle one or more rollers or
discs are fixed eccentrically and in such a position that its or their
periphery or peripheries shall on the spindle or shaft being rotated bear

page_text: against the inner side of the cylinder or casing throughout the entire
revolution. When more than one such roller or disc is employed they
are arranged at different positions on the shaft or spindle, and tho
interior of the cylinder or casing is divided into compartments, cacli
roller or disc occupying a separate compartment. A slide valve is
provided for each roller or disc and is attached thereto by means of a
quadrant link, or the periphery of each roller or disc may be composed
of an eccentric ring having the inner end of the slide valve attached
thereto, the outer extremity of the said valve being situate in a chamber
at the side of the cylinder or casing. By thus arranging the roller and
valve the cylinder or casing or compartments thereof is or are separated
into two divisions situate one on each side of the slide valve, and on one
side of the valve an opening is formed in the cylinder or casing through
which the air, gas, water, or other fluid or liquid passes, or is drawn
into the interior of the cylinder or casing, and on the roller or rollers
being caused to revolve the air, gas, water, or other fluid or liquid
passing in through the said opening is carried round the interior of the
cylinder or casing and forced out through an opening situate on the
opposite side of the slide valve.
It is to be understood that the apparatus herein-before described,
besides being employed as a force pump or exhauster, may also be used
to measure quantities of air, gas, water, or other fluid or liquid passing
therethrough, that is to say, the capacity of the apparatus being known,
that multiplied by the number of revolutions corresponding to the
passage through it of the liquid or fluid to be measured gives the volume 2
or bulk, this being ascertained by means of an index and pointer attached
to the apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Robertson in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 18th July 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
ROBERTSON, of Nitshill, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain, send
greeting.
3
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the 3

page_text: year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three,
in the 36th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Robertson, Her special
license that I, the said John Robertson, my exccutors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Robertson, my
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORCING, EXHAUSTING, OR MEASURING AIR, GAS,
OR OTHER FLUIDS CR LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Robertson, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and scal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Robertson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:―
My said Invention relates to improved machinery or apparatus for
forcing, exhausting, and measuring air, gas, water, or other fluids or
liquids. In its simplest form the mechanism consists of a cylinder or
casing, at the interior of which a shaft or spindle is situate. On this
shaft or spindle a roller or drum is fixed eccentrically and in such a
position that a portion of its periphery shall as the spindle or shaft is
rotated bear or nearly bear against the inner side of the cylinder or
casing throughout the entire revolution. More than one such roller or
drum may however be employed, in which case they are arranged at
different radial positions on the shaft or spindle, and the interior of the
cylinder or casing is divided into compartments, cach roller or drum
occupying a separate compartment. A sliding valve is provided for
each roller or drum, and each roller or drum has an eccentric ring or its
equivalent, to which the inner end of the slide valve is attached, the

page_text: outer extremity of the said valve being situate in an opening or in a
chamber at the side or top of the cylinder or casing. By thus arranging
the roller or drum and valve cach cylinder or casing is separated into
two divisions, situate one on each side of the slide valve, and at one
side of the valve an opening is formed in the cylinder or casing through
which the air, gas, water, or other fluid or liquid passes or is drawn into
the cylinder or casing, and as the roller or rollers or drums revolve the
air, gas, water, or other fluid or liquid passing in through the said
opening is carried round the interior of the cylinder or casing and
forced out through an opening situate at the opposite side of the slide
valva

page_text: pass upwards through the cylinder or casing A, and are provided at each
end with vertical guides K, which are formed on or attached to the
ends and centre partition B of the cylinder or casing A, and these are
preferably braced together at the upper part by means of a tic f. As
the rollers or drums H and I are rotated by a belt or other driving
mechanism the valves or sliding partitions J are caused to travel
upwards and downwards by means of the eccentric grooves c and
guides & situated therein, to which the valves or sliding partitions J are
attached by means of the pins or studs c, as hercin-before mentioned.
The peripheries of the rollers H. and I are slightly flattened on each
side, as shown at Figure 3. At Figure 3 of the Drawings the valve or
sliding partition J is shewn nearly at its lowest position, whilst at
Figure 4 the valve or sliding partition J is shown at its highest position
with the roller or drum I also in corresponding position within the
cylinder or casing A. By thus arranging the rollers or drums H and I,
and valves or sliding partitions J, the cylindrical compartments C and D
arc separated when the valves or sliding partitions J are at their lowest
position into two equal divisions situate one on each side of the valves
or sliding partitions J, and on one side of the valves or sliding partitions J
inlets or openings L are formed in the cylinder or casing A, through
which the air, gas, water, or other fluid or liquid passes or is drawn into
the cylindrical compartments C and D; and as the rollers H and I arc
continuously rotated the air, gas, water, or other fluid or liquid passing
in through the said inlets or openings L is carried round the interior
of cach compartment C and D and forced out through outlets or
openings M situate on the opposite side of the valves or sliding
partitions J.
The apparatus herein-before described and illustrated on the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings besides being employed as a blower, force
pump, or exhauster, may also be used to measure quantities of air, gas,
water, or other fluid or liquid passing therethrough, that is to say, the
capacity of the apparatus being known, that multiplied by the number
of revolutions corresponding to the passage through it of the liquid or
fluid to be measured gives the volume or bulk, this being ascertained by
means of an index and pointer attached to the apparatus.
It is to be understood that although I have on the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings illustrated the apparatus as constructed with two

page_text: rollers or drums I do not confine myself to employ such number of
rollers or drums, as one or any other required number of the said rollers
or drums may be situated on the shaft E and in separate cylindrical
compartments or chambers and employed in the manner herein-before
described.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe
in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the arrangement and construction of apparatus
lierein-before described and shewn upon the annexed Sheet of Drawings
for forcing, exhausting, or measuring air, gas, or other fluids or liquids,
or any merc modification thereof.