IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FURNACES OF BAKERS' OVENS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Fortescue, of No. 3, Charles Street, Middlesex
Hospital, London, in the County of Middlesex, Baker, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FURNACES OF BAKERS'
OVENS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN OTHER FURNACES."
110spital, London,
County Middlesex, Daker, Tor
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FURNACES OF BAKERS'
OVENS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN OTHER FURNACES."
Sealed the 14th July 1857, and dated the 26th January 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Fortescue at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
January 1857.
I, JOHN FORTESCUE, of No. 34, Charles Street, Middlesex Hospital, London,
in the County of Middlesex, Baker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FURNACES OF 'BAKERS'
OVENS. FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN OTHER FURNACES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention is designed principally for consuming smoke in the furnaces
of bakers' ovens, but with slight modifications is also applicable to other.
furnaces.
The furnace is provided with outer and inner doors, and is furnished at the
top, at the cnd next the oven, with a, block or inverted bridge, extending
downwards across the furnace. Over the inner door is an opening, extending.
across the furnace, and the outer door is provided with a projecting block,
which, when the outer door is closed fits into the said opening, and renders.
the same air-tight, or nearly so. When fresh fuel is supplied to the furnace.

page_text: the outer door is left open and a current of air admitted, which in passing
over the top of the furnace becomes heated, and is thrown downwards by the
block or inverted bridge at the end, and meeting with the upward current of
air through the furnace bars effectually consumes all the smoke and gases
evolved from the fuel. The admission of the proper quantity. of air necessary
to consume all the smoke is regulated by opening or closing the outer door of
the furnace, which should not be left open wider than is necessary to admit the
minimum amount of air required.
By the use of this Invention the draught is increased the smoke is con-
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Fortescue in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
ΤΟ
FORTESCUE, of No. 34, Charles Street, Middlesex Hospital, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Baker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Fortescue, Her special licence that I, the said John
Fortescue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said John Fortescue, my executors, administrators, and assigns should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter 'during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FURNACES OF BAKERS' OVENS FOR THE
PURPOSE OF CONSUMING SMOKE, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE
CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE IN OTHER FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Fortescue, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, .that I; the said John Fortescue, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on-reference to the accompanying. Sheet of. Drawings,
that is to say:
My Invention is designed principally for consuming smoke in the furnaces
of bakers' ovens, but with slight modifications is also applicable to other
furnaces. The furnace is provided with outer and inner doors, and is furnished
at the top, at the end next the oven, with a block or inverted bridge,
extending downwards across the furnace. Over the inner door is an opening,
extending across the furnace, and the outer door is provided with a pro-
jecting block, which, when the outer door is closed, fits into the said opening,
and renders the same air-tight, or nearly.so. When fresh fuel is supplied
to the furnace the outer door is left open and a current of air admitted, which
in passing over the top of the furnace becomes heated, and is thrown down-
wards by the block or inverted bridge at the end of the furnace, and
meeting with the upward current of air through the furnace bars .effectually
consumes all the sinoke and gases evolved from the fuel. The admission
of the proper quantity of air necessary to consume all the smoke is regulated
by opening or closing the outer door of the furnace, which should not be left
open wider than is necessary to admit the minimum amount of air. required.
By the use of this Invention the draught is increased, the smoke: is .con-
sumed or prevented, and a great economy in fuel is effected.
.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention of "Improvements
in the Construction of the Furnaces of Bakers Ovens for the Purpose of
Consuming Smoke, which Improvements are also applicable to the Consumption
of Smoke in other Furnaces," I will proceed to describe the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect. And in order that the same may be
readily understood I have annexed unto these Presents a Sheet of .Drawings
illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures and letters of
reference, corresponding with those in the following explanation thereof,
similar letters of reference being placed upon corresponding parts of the
apparatus in all the Figures.
Figure 1 in the Drawing represents a front view of the furnace of a bakers'
oven with my improvements applied thereto, the outer door of the furnace
being represented as open; Figure 2 is a vertical section, taken in a
longitudinal direction through about the centre of the furnace, both doors
being shewn closed; and Figure 3 is an horizontal section, taken through
about the line A, B, in Figure 1.

page_text: A, A, are the side walls of the furnace; B, B, the top; and C, C, the fire
bars; D, D, is the inverted bridge (see Figure 2), extending across the furnace
at the end nearest to the oven; E, E, is the outer door of the furnace; and
F, F, the inner door of the same. Over the inner door is an opening G, G,
extending across the furnace, and the outer door is provided with a projecting
block H, H, which (when the outer door is closed) fits into the opening G, G,
and renders it air-tight, or nearly so. In using this furnace so. as to consume
or prevent smoke, the back part of the furnace bars, from about the. point *, *,
must be kept clear of fuel. When fresh fuel is supplied to the furnace and
the outer door E, E, is left open, a current of air is admitted through the
opening G, G, which passing over the fuel becomes heated, and is thrown
downwards by the inverted bridge D, D, and meeting at an angle with the
current of air passing upwards through the furnace bars, as represented by
the arrows, effectually prevents or consumes all the smoke and gases evolved
from the fuel.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention of
"Improvements in the Construction of the Furnaces of Bakers' Ovens for the
Purpose of Consuming Smoke, which Improvements are also applicable to the
Consumption of Smoke in other Furnaces," together with the manner of carrying
the same into practical effect, I desire it to be understood that I claim, as my
Invention, the general construction and arrangement of furnace for consuming
or preventing smoke, as shewn in the Drawings, and above described, or
any modification thereof whereby the same end is or may be attained.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fortescue, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
BRISTOW HUNT,
Sol', & Patent Agent,
1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn.
J. FORTESCUE.
(L.S.)