IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE KNOWN AS 'PAREMENTINE.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bernoulli Barlow, of the City of
Manchester, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE KNOWN AS 'PAREMENTINE.'
""_A communication
from abroad by Eugene Torlotin, of Paris, France, Manufacturing
Chemist.
Sealed the 15th February 1876, and dated the 27th August 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Bernoulli
Barlow at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 27th August 1875.
I, HENRY BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE KNOWN AS 'PAREMENTINE,'” being a
communication to me from abroad by Eugene Torlotin, of Paris, France,
Manufacturing Chemist, to be as follows:-

page_text: the smallest possible quantity of water, to which is added 70 parts of
dextrine, 20 parts of glycerine, 20 parts of sulphate of magnesia, and
20 parts of sulphate of zinc; the whole must be well mixed until it
forms a thin paste, which is poured into moulds and left to cool. When
the paste is partly dry the moulds are emptied and the blocks are
finally dried to evaporate all the water.
This improved size or "paramentine" can be used in addition to or in
lieu of the sizes now in use for yarns, woven fabrics, and for other
purposes.
I wish to remark that in some cases other ingredients possessing
similar properties to those described may be used, the proportions may
also be varied; and in stiffening straw hats 10 parts of oxalate of potash
or its equivalents may be used instead of the sulphates of magnesia and
zinc above referred to.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 1
filed by the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th February 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BERNOULLI BARLOW, of the City of Manchester, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
: 2
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow,
Her special licence that I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Henry Bernoulli Barlow, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE

page_text: 3 99
KNOWN AS PAREMENTINE,' being a communication to me from abroad by
Eugene Torlotin, of Paris, France, Manufacturing Chemist, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :—
The improved composition called "parementine" is applicable for
sizing yarns and threads, for dressing woven fabrics, for stiffening straw
hats, and for other purposes.
In preparing the composition I take 100 parts of gelatinous glue
dissolved in the smallest possible quantity of water; and when the
solution is effected I add 70 parts of dextrine, 20 parts of sulphate of
magnesia, 20 parts of glycerine, and 20 parts of sulphate of zinc; these
ingredients must be well mixed until they form a paste, which is then run
into moulds and allowed to cool. When the paste has assumed the con-
sistency of caoutchouc it is removed from the moulds in the form of
square blocks which are spread upon nets-and allowed to dry until all
the water is evaporated; the composition is then in a fit state to be used
for sizing yarn, for dressing woven fabrics, for stiffening straw hats, and
for other
purposes.
First. In Sizing Yarns of Wool for Manufacturing Merinos.-Hitherto:
manufacturers have used for sizing their warps a compound consisting
of from 20 to 25 per cent. of gelatinous glue to 80 or 75 per cent. of
water. I propose to use 30 parts of "parementine" to 70 parts of.
water, and obtain a perfect size which costs less than the ordinary size
and renders the yarn more flexible.
Second. In. Sizing Yarns of Linen and Cotton,.-These yarns are:
generally prepared with farinaceous size, to which is added tallow and

page_text: sulphate of zinc, or wax, or glue. In order to obtain a perfect size I
add to the ordinary farinaceous size one-fifth of its weight of " pare-
mentine." The warp threads so prepared are rendered so even and elastic
that an entire warp may be woven without a single end breaking.
Third. In Dressing or Preparing Woollen Fabrics or Fabrics of
Mixed Wool and Cotton.-These fabrics are generally prepared with
.glue or size which injures the colour and is liable to generate mites or
mildew; these defects are avoided by the use of "parementine," the
most delicate shades of blue and other colours are not injured, and
mildew is prevented as the "parementine" contains salts and other
antiseptics.
.
Fourth. In Preparing Cotton Fabrics.-These fabrics are usually
prepared with farinaceous size or starch, to which is added glue, or
lichen, or other equivalents. A perfect size is obtained by adding a
sufficient quantity of "parementine" to the farinaceous or other size,
and dispensing with the other ingredients. .
Fifth. In Stiffening Straw Hats.-These hats are generally stiffened
with gelatine of a superior quality. I obtain a better stiffening com-
pound by substituting 10 parts of oxalate of potash for the 20 parts of
sulphate of magnesia and the 20 parts of sulphate of zinc above referred
to. The solution of the blocks of "parementine" thus prepared is
perfectly colourless; and straw, the most difficult to prepare, such as
Italian and rice straw, can be stiffened with it.
I wish to remark that in some cases instead of dextrine I employ
artificial gum, fecula, starch, or other suitable mucilage;' also the
sulphate of magnesia may be replaced by the sulphate of soda, the
hyposulphite of soda, the bisulphate of potash, or the sulphate of
ammonia.
For straw hats the oxalate of potash can be replaced by the oxalate of
ammonia or by oxalic acid; the sulphate of zinc can be replaced by
the sulphate of alumina, alum, or chloride of zinc; but all these sub-
stitutions would produce the same or similar results.
Having thus stated the nature and particulars of the Invention com-
municated to me by the within-named Eugene Torlotin, I claim the
improved manufacture of size called "parementine" described, and the

page_text: the said size is applicable.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Bernoulli Barlow, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of
February, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
H. B. BARLOW. (L.S.)