Improvements relating to Window Sashes and Frames.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application.. 11th Feb.. 1890-Accepted, 14th June, 1890
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Communicated from abroad by CHARLES FELICE OLCESE, of Chicago, Illinois,
United States of America, Gentleman.]
Improvements relating to Window Sashes and Frames.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of this invention.and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
5 This invention relates to improvements in that class of window attachments
I designed to enable the partial removal or disconnection of the sash from the window
frame, for convenience in cleaning, glazing and painting the outside of the
window.
f
The prime object of this invention is to enable the swinging of the sash upon
0-temporary hinges, whereby, the operator will be entirely relieved of the weight of
the sash, and the latter will swing in substantially the same manner as a door, thus
enabling the cleaning of the outer surface as well as the inner surface of the window
from the inside of the. building..
3.
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Another object is to enable the swinging of either or both sashes upon temporary
5. hinges of such a character as not to interfere with the perfect operation of the sashes
when in their normal, positions, suspended by the sash weights.
A further object is to enable the temporary disconnection of the sash cords from
the sash, and the simultaneous projection of the temporary hinges upon which the
sash will be supported, and the reversing of these conditions, that is, the reattach-
0 ment of the cords to the sash, and the withdrawal of the hinges, restoring the sash
1.to its normal suspended condition upon the sash cord.
A still further object is. to enable the removal of the guide strip and the with-
drawal of the parting strip, in order that the sash, as a whole, may swing upon its
hinges simultaneously with the detachment of the sash cord, and the hinging of the
5 sash.
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I attain these objects by the devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings,
in which;
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Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a window sash and frame, with 'my
attachments applied thereto, showing the lower sash swung inwardly on its hinges,
30 and the upper sash elevated in its normal position by the sash cords.
At Figure 2, a similar view showing the upper sash drawn down and swung inwardly
on its hinges, and the lower sash raised and suspended on its sash cord, and suffi-
Liciently elevated to permit the free swinging of the lower sash on its hinges...
L. Figure 3, a central vertical section taken through the lower sash, showing the
35. latter supported on its hinges, the sash cords, disconnected therefrom, and the sash
ready to be swung inwardly on the hinges.
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Figure 4, a similar view, taken through the upper sash,. shown lowered onto the
lower hinge, but just prior to the detachment of the sash cord and the projection of
the upper hinge.
Figure 5, a perspective view of the upper hinge locks and sash cord detachers for
tise at one side of the window only.
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Figure 6, a vertical section thereof on the line 6, 6, of Figure 8, looking in the
direction indicated by the arrows, showing the upper.hinge projected and engaging
theisash rail, and the parting strip withdrawn.
+
5. Figure 7, a similar view, showing the hinge withdrawn and the parting strip
projected in its normal position, the dotted lines therein showing a further movement
of the hinge block.in order to permit the detachment of the parting strip from the
frame....

page_text: Figure 8, a rear elevation of the upper binge and sash cord detacher, in the position
shown in Figures 5 and 7.
Figure 9, a detail view showing the manner of attaching and securing the guide
strip for the lower sash in position when the sash is in its normal position suspended
upon the sash cords, the dotted lines therein showing the movement of the parts when
the sash cord is detached and the hinges projected, which permits the detachment and
removal of the guide strip.
.
Figure 10, a detail section of the lower hinge block on the side corresponding with
the upper hinge block, which is unprovided with a sash cord detacher.
Figure 11, a sectional view showing the sash cord detacher at the opposite upper
side of the frame, in the act of detaching the cord from the window sash, this detacher
being unaccompanied by a hinge.
Figure 12, a detail section of the guide and parting strip holders, located near the
bottom of the frame, on the same side with the sash cord detacher last mentioned,
unaccompanied by either a sash cord detacher or hinge.
Figure 13, an enlarged detail horizontal section on the line 13, 13, of Fig. 3.
Fig. 14, a detail vertical section on the line 14, 14, of Fig. 13, and
Fig. 15, a detail perspective view of the upper portion of a sash rail provided
with a hinge socket for the reception of the upper hinge.
Fig. 16 represents a detail.
Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawings.
The attachments comprised in my invention, necessary for furnishing a single
sash of double windows, are divided into the four parts A, B, C, and D, located
respectively as shown in the drawings, the first two near the centre of the frame,
composing the upper end of the side rail of the lower sash, while the two latter
are located near the bottom of the frame, opposing the lower ends of the lower
sash rails.
The parts A, C, constitute the temporary hinges for both the upper and lower
sash, upon which either one of them may swing inwardly; or, in fact, both might
swing inwardly upon these hinges at the same time, but the operation of one at
a time is preferable for convenience in cleaning. The parts B, D, serve only to
detach the sash cords from both the upper and lower sashes while resting upon
the hinges, and also to withdraw and remove the parting strip and guide strip
from that part of the frame, in order that the sash may swing bodily inward,
these parts also serving to restore and secure the parting strip and guide strip in
position after the return of the sashes, so as to constitute the usual guides
therefor.
Each of these four parts differs from the others, and necessarily so, because the
part A, by reason of its location, has the most to do, being required to operate
the parting strip, the guide strip, the upper hinges, and detach the sash cords in
both sashes, while the part B, has only to detach the sash cord at that side, and
operate the parting and guide strips, no hinge being necessary on this side. The
part C, on the other hand, furnishes the lower hinges for both sashes, and operates
the parting and guide strips, which is the extent of its functions, while the
remaining part. D, has only to operate the parting and guide strips, no hinge being
required at this side, and no sash cord detachers being necessary at either of the
bottom sides of the frame.
#
With this understanding, we will first explain. the manner of operating the sashes,
and afterwards describe in detail the mechanism by which the operation is accom-
plished, taking each of the four parts separately.
First, assuming the sashes to be in their normal position in the frame, with the
parting strip and guide strip extending uninterruptedly from the top to the bottom
of the frame, as usual, in order to form the guides for the sashes in raising and
lowering them, the first step is to raise the lower sash slightly above the plane of the
lower parts, C, D, after which the part C is operated so as to project the lower hinge,
or rather, the pintles of the hinge, each of which lies slightly to one side of the centre

page_text: of the grooves in which the two sashes work; the sash being provided with a socket
in the bottom rail thereof, is then brought down until the pintle of the hinge enters
the socket, which constitutes a support for the sash. Simultaneously with the pro-
jection of the hinge, the lower end of the parting strip is withdrawn into the casing,
flush with the surface thereof, and the lower end of the guide strip is released, so that
it may be detached from the frame.
The next step is to operate the part A, so as to project the upper pintles of the
hinge into a recess formed in the sash rail, thus constituting the complete hinge for
the sash; and, simultaneously with this action, the upper end of the parting strip is
withdrawn into the frame corresponding with the lower end, and the upper end of
the guide strip likewise released and may now be immediately detached from the
frame, it being understood that the lower half only of the parting strip and guide
strip are operated upon, the upper half being permanently fixed in position. Also,
simultaneously with the projection of the upper binge, the sash cord is detached from
the sash and held, so that the sash weight cannot fall, and at the same time be
in position for re-attachment to the sash when returned to its normal position.
The third step is to operate the part B, which detaches the sash cord from that side
of the sash, and simultaneously withdraws the parting strip and releases the upper
end of the guide strip; and the last step is the operation of the part D, which
simultaneously withdraws the lower end of the parting strip and releases the lower
end of the guide strip, which latter may now be detached from the frame, as was the
corresponding part on the opposite side of the frame when the sash may be swung
out upon the hinges, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, being supported entirely by the
parts A, C.
In restoring the lower sash to its normal position, the steps are exactly reversed,
the sash cords being re-attached by the parts A, B, and the upper hinges withdrawn,
so as to permit the raising of the sash in the usual guide grooves; but if it is desired
to operate the upper sash immediately after the lower sash has been operated, and
restore its normal position the parts C, D, need not be operated, the parts A, B,
being sufficient to attach the sash cords to the lower sash, withdraw the hinges, and
permit the raising of the front sash to the upper part of the window frame, as shown
in Fig. 2.
The upper sash will then be brought down on to the lower hinge, furnished by the
part C, the parts A, B, be again operated so as to detach the sash cords and project
the upper hinge and withdraw the parting strips, after which the lower sash may be
swung on the hinges in position for washing the outer side of the window, as
illustrated in Fig. 2.
With this understanding of the operation of my invention, I will now describe the
parts in detail, beginning with the part A, which is shown in detail in Figs. 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 13, and 14. Referring now to these figures, E, indicates a rectangular casing,
preferably of metal, and designed to be countersunk within the frame as shown in
Figs. 1, and 2, in which is journaled a horizontal shaft F, extending transversely
across the casing, parallel with the inner face of the window frame, upon which shaft
are fixed a pair of radial arms, G, terminating at their free ends in right angled
pintles H, which constitute the upper hinge of the sash frame, and are designed to
enter sockets I, provided in the edge of the sash rail, near the top thereof, by means
of a countersunk casting J, or in any other well known and convenient manner, the
said casting also furnishing a socket. K, for receiving an oblong cross pin or button d,
attached to the end of the sash cord, which latter lies in the groove N, extending
from this socket to the upper end of the sash rail; the said button, while lying in the
socket K, spanning the lower end of the groove, and thus, is held in position within
the sash rail.
The hinging pintles before referred to, when the shaft is partially rotated, are
designed to swing forward and downward, projecting beyond the face of the window
frame, so as to enter the socket in the sash rail, which socket, and consequently the
pintle, by reason of the necessary.central location of the sash cord; are arranged at
one side of the centre of the sash rail, as clearly shown in Figs. 8, 18, and 15, of the

page_text: drawings, the cross pin or button of the sash cord lying in the socket in the sash-rail
immediately below the pintle socket in said rail.
In order to remove this cross pin or button from the socket, and thus detach the
sash cord from the sash, there is also provided upon the shaft F, two double ended
levers N, projecting from a casting rigidly attached to the frame, arranged so.
as to enter the socket plate J, simultaneously with the pintle, and straddling
the sash cord, so that when the shaft is turned sufficiently to fully insert the pintle
in its socket,. these fingers will have caught the button of the sash cord and with-
drawn it from its socket, and carried it, beyond the plane of the sash rail, so that
the latter is now free to move unrestricted by the tension of the cord, and the cord is
held so that the sash weight will not only not fall, but will be in position for
re-insertion into its socket, simultaneously with the withdrawal of the hingeing pintle,.
as clearly shown in Fig. 8.
It will of course be understood that one of the pintles and one pair of the fingers.
operate upon the lower sash, and the other upon the upper sash, when lowered into
position for swinging on the binges. The casing E is also provided with a pair of
oblong openings O, in the face thereof, of greater width than the fingers N, through
which the button of the sash cord is drawn within the casing by the fingers, and to.
provide a means for closing this oblong opening the casting supporting the fingers is
extended downwardly, and has a cross or T end P, which is. designed to fit snugly
within the opening and slot when the parts are in their normal position, but it moves
inwardly simultaneously with the downward movement of the fingers, and thus leaves.
the openings free for the passage of the buttons.
..The parting strip. Q, and guide strip R, the relative location and operation of which
are more clearly shown in Figs. 6, 9, and 13, which constitutes the guides for the
sashes in raising and lowering,.are each composed of two parts, being divided just.
above the centre of the frame, and of course must be removed out of the path of the
sashes before the latter can swing on their hinges.
To accomplish this action, the shaft F is also provided with a pair of hooks S
and T, the operative part of the former of which is concentric with the centre of the
shaft, and arranged to engage an eye S', attached to the rear face of the guide strip,R,
and project through an aperture R' in the face of the casing whenever the shaft is
rotated, so. as to withdraw the hinges and place all of the parts in their normal
position, for at this time the guide strip will be firmly locked against removal, and
cannot be detached from the frame until the shaft is rotated to the position shown by
dotted lines in Fig. 9, at which time the hinged pintles are projected, the sash cord
and the window ready for swinging upon the hinges...
The other hook T, is curved eccentrically to the axis of the shaft, F, in effect
operating as a cam, and is designed to engage an eye T¹ attached to the inner edge
of the parting strip at all times whether the hinges are projected or withdrawn into
the casing,. being so arranged that when. the hinges are projected the cam will with-
draw the parting strip into the frame through a groove provided therein in the
casing E, so. that the outer edge thereof will lie flush with the face of the frame,
and.thus offer no obstruction whatever to. the swinging of the sash upon its hinges;
but, when the operation. is reversed, and the pintles withdrawn into the casing, the
cam .action. of..the hook .T, will be reversed and cause the parting strip to, project
beyond the surface of the frame, parallel with the remaining fixed, portion of the
parting strip, and thus be in normal position for performing its usual, function, that
of guiding the sashes. when lifted and lowered..
λ...
... If, however, for any reason, it. should. be. desired. to.. entirely detach the, parting
strip from the sash, but more particularly when the parting strip is originally placed
in. position by giving the. shaft. a still further rotation beyond its normal. position
in which it is usually locked by, the devices hereinafter. described, throwing the
parts to the position shown by..dotted lines in Fig. 7, the hook T, will be entirely
disengaged from the eye T¹, and the parting strip. may then be readily detached
.from the frame..
i..
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The function and operation of the remaining parts B, C, and D, of the window

page_text: attachments, are simply modifications of the devices just described in full,-that is
to say, each of the parts hás a portion only of all of the parts included in the part A,
according to the location and function of the part, the operation of which, however, is
identical with that of the part just described; for instance, the part B, illustrated in
detail in Fig. 11, and located at the opposite side of the window frame, at a height
corresponding with the part A, comprises only the sash cord, detaching fingers, "
which in this figure are lettered a, the parting strip, cam hook b, corresponding with
the hook T, of the part A, and a hook corresponding to the hook S for the guide
strip, which is not shown in detail, all of which are attached to a rotatable shaft c,
corresponding to the shaft F, of the part A. The detaching fingers a operate
upon a sash cord button d, in precisely the same manner as the corresponding parts.
upon the part A, as do all of the other parts before described.
The part C, which is located near the bottom of the frame upon the same side as
the part A, as illustrated in detail in Fig. 10 comprises only the radial, arm. e,
corresponding with the arm G, of the part A, carrying the hingeing pintle f, a cam
hook g, for operating the lower end of the parting strip, and a hook for operating
the lower end of the guide strip R, corresponding with the book S, all of which
parts are attached to a rotatable shaft h, corresponding with the shaft F, of the
part E.
The function and operation of all these parts is identical with that of the
corresponding parts in the part A, excepting that the pintle rises and projects
upwardly, engaging a socket in the lower end of the sash rail, instead of down-
wardly, as in the part A.
The part D, located at the opposite side of the frame, near the bottom thereof,
and illustrated in detail in Fig. 12, comprises only the cam hook i, for operating the
parting strip, and the hook j, for operating the guide strip, both of which are
attached to a rotatable shaft K corresponding with the shaft F, of the part A, the
operation of which parts is also identical with the corresponding parts in the part A."
I may here state that the parts B and D, are not provided with hinges, because
they are needed at only one side of the sash and that the parts C, and D, are not
provided with sash' cord detachers, because the sash cords never go below the upper
parts A and B, and the employment of any such parts would be a useless
duplication.
1
From the foregoing description, it will be understood that all four of the
parts A, B, C, and D, have two positions, in which they should be temporarily fixed;
one, the normal position within the frame, when both sashes are in their normal
positions, and the other projected out of the casing, when it is desired to swing
either one of the sashes upon their hinges, and, in order to secure these parts in
these two positions, I mount upon each one of the rotatable shafts F, c; h, and k, a
metallic disk l, more clearly shown in Figs. 5, 9, 13 and 14, provided with two
holes m, adapted and arranged to be engaged by a spring actuated pin n, bearing.
and working through the frame, said pin being normally actuated to project
inwardly through the said holes, by means of a coiled spring o, sleeved upon the
pin, and confined between a shoulder thereon and the frame, in which the pin works.
The outer end of this pin is provided with a thumb piece p, for convenience in
withdrawing the pin and overcoming the tension of the spring, whenever it is desired*
to shift the position of the shaft and its accompanying devices.
The holes mare so arranged that the pin will project in to one of them, and
effectually lock the shaft against rotation in either direction when the parts are in one
position, say, the normal withdrawn position, while the other hole registers with, and
receives the pin when the parts reach their outer or projected position; it being only
necessary, when it is desired to shift the position of the parts, to withdraw the pin
from engagement with the hole, and rotate the shaft, during which rotation the pin
may be released, and will automatically shoot into the other hole when brought to
register therewith.
The shaft is preferably caused to operate by a detachable key 9, provided with a
squared socket therein, fitting upou the projecting end of the shaft, and provided with

page_text: a radial pin r, designed to impinge against shoulders or stops provided upon the
frame, or a metallic rose, so as to limit the rotation of the shaft, prevent the turning
of the shaft in the opposite direction, and at the same time indicate the direction in
which the shaft should be turned.
This hand key, and the spring pin n are so located relative to each other, that
they may both be grasped and manipulated with one hand, the pin being first
withdrawn from engagement with the disk 1, by the fingers, and then the key
operated, so as to partially rotate the disk, during which rotation the pin may be
released, as upon the completing of the movement of the key and disk, the pin
will automatically shoot into the other hole in the disk, and lock the parts in that
position until it is desired to reverse them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with a window sash and frame, of a sash cord detacher
attached to the frame for detaching the sash cords from the sash, and a movable
pintle for temporarily hingeing the sash to the frame at one side edge thereof,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. The combination with a window frame and sash, of a sash cord detacher and
a movable pintle connected together and attached to the frame for simultaneously
disconnecting the sash cords from the sash, and temporarily hingeing the sash at
one side edge thereof to the frame, substantially as described.
3. The combination with a window sash and frame, of a sash cord detacher
attached to the frame for disconnecting the sash cords from the sash, mechanism
for simultaneously withdrawing and detaching the guide and parting strips of said
frame, and a movable pintle for temporarily hingeing the sash at one side edge to
the frame, substantially as described.
4. The combination with a window sash and frame, of a sash cord detacher,
hooks, and a bingeing pintle connected together and attached to the frame for
simultaneously detaching the sash cords from the sash, withdrawing and detaching
respectively the guide and parting strips of said frame, and temporarily hingeing
the sash at one side edge to the frame, substantially as described.
5. The combination with a window frame and sash, said sash being provided
with sockets at one side thereof, of hingeing pintles attached to the frame, and
adapted and arranged to engage said sockets in the sash, and a sash cord detacher
for detaching the sash cords from the sash, substantially as described.
6. The combination with a window frame and sash, said sash being provided
with sockets at one side thereof, of hingeing pintles attached to said frame adapted
and arranged to engage said sockets, a sash cord detacher for detaching the sash
cords. from the sash, and mechanism for simultaneously withdrawing and detaching
respectively the parting and guide strips of said frame, substantially as described.
7. The combination with a window frame and sash, said sash being provided with
sockets at one side thereof, of hingeing pintles attached to said frame, a sash cord
detacher connected with said pintle and adapted and arranged to detach the cord
from the sash simultaneously with the projection of said pintle into the upper end
of said sockets, and a sash cord detacher attached to the frame at the opposite
side thereof, for detaching the other sash cord from the sash, substantially as
described.
8. The combination with a window frame and sash, said sash being provided
with sockets at one side thereof, of hingeing pintles attached to said frame, a
sash cord detacher connected with said pintle, and adapted and arranged to detach
the cord from the sash simultaneously with the projection of said pintle into the
upper ends of said sockets, and a sash cord detacher attached to the frame at the
opposite side thereof, for detaching the other sash cord from the sash, and mechanism
for simultaneously withdrawing and detaching respectively the parting and guide
strips of said frame, substantially as described.

page_text: 9. The combination with a window frame and sash, of a sash cord detacher
and a movable pintle attached to the frame for simultaneously disconnecting the
sash cords from the sash, and temporarily hingeing the sash at one side edge
thereof to the frame, and a lock device for securing said detacher and pintle in
either adjusted position, substantially as described..
'
10. The combination with a window sash and frame, of a sash cord detacher,
hooks, and a hingeing pintle connected together and attached to the frame for
simultaneously detaching the sash cords from the sash, withdrawing and detaching
respectively the parting and guide strips of said frame, and temporarily hingeing the
sash at one side edge to the frame, and a lock device for securing said mechanism in
either adjusted position, substantially as described.
11. The combination with a window frame and sash, said sash being provided with
open ended recesses at the side edges thereof, of a sash cord provided with a button
fitting in said recesses and a sash cord detacher attached to said frame and adapted
and arranged to withdraw the button from engagement with the recesses, substantially
as described.
12. The combination with a window frame provided with a detachable guiding
strip, and an adjustable parting strip, and a sash provided with hingeing sockets at
one side thereof, and open ended recesses for the sash cord button, of the part A,
comprising a rock-shaft having attached thereto a hingeing pintle, a sash cord
detacher, a cam hook for adjusting the parting strip, and a lock hook for securing.
the guide strip, the part B, comprising a rock-shaft, having attached thereto a sash
cord detacher, a cam hook and a lock hook, the part C, comprising a rock, shaft,
having attached a hingeing pintle, a cam hook and a lock hook, and the part D,
comprising a rock-shaft, having attached thereto a cam hook, and a lock hook, all
arranged substantially as described.
13. The combination with a window frame, provided with a dotachable guiding
strip, and an adjustable parting strip, and a sash provided with hingeing sockets at
one side thereof, and open ended recesses for the sash cord button, of the part A,
comprising a rock-shaft having attached thereto a hingeing pintle, a sash cord
detacher, a cam hook for adjusting the parting strip and a lock hook for securing the
guide strip, the part B, comprising a rock shaft having attached thereto a sash cord
detacher, a cam hook and a lock hook, the part C, comprising a rock shaft, having
attached thereto a hinged pintle, a cam hook and a lock hook, and the part D, com-
prising a rock shaft having attached thereto a cam hook and a lock hook, all of said
parts being so arranged that a rocking of the shafts in one direction will cause a
simultaneous detaching of the sash cords, engagement of the hingeing pintles with
the sockets in the sash, the withdrawing of the parting strips, and detachment of the
guide strips, while a rocking in the reverse direction will reverse each of said opera-
tions, and a lock device for securing said parts in their adjusted positions, substantially
as described.
14. The combination with a window frame provided with a detachable guiding
strip, of an adjustable parting strip, and a sash provided with hingeing sockets at one
side thereof, and open ended recesses for the sash cord button, of the part A, com-
prising a rock shaft having attached thereto a hingeing pintle, a sash cord detacher,
a cam hook for adjusting the parting strip, and a lock hook for securing the guide
strip, the part B, comprising a rock shaft having attached thereto a sash cord detacher,
a cam hook and a lock hook, the part C, comprising a rock shaft having attached a
hingeing pintle, a cam hook and a lock hook, and the part D, comprising a rock shaft
having attached thereto a cam hook and a lock hook, stops on each of said rock shafts,
and spring actuating pins working through the window frames engaging said
stops, for locking the rock shafts in their adjusted position substantially as
described.
15. The combination with a window frame provided with a detachable guiding
strip, of an adjustable parting strip, and a sash provided with hingeing sockets at
one side thereof, and open ended recesses for the same cord button, of the part A,
comprising a rock shaft, having attached thereto a hingeing pintle, a sash cord

page_text: detacher, a cam hook for adjusting the parting strip, and a lock hook for securing
the guide strip, the part B, comprising a rock shaft having attached thereto a sash
cord detacher, a cam hook and a lock hook, the part C, comprising a rock shaft
having attached a hingeing pintle, a cam hook and a lock hook, and the part D,
comprising a rock shaft having attached thereto a cam hook and a lock hook,
stops on each of said rock shafts, a spring actuated pin working through the
"window frame engaging said stops, a key for oscillating said shafts, and a stop
for limiting the movement of said. key, substantially as described.
Dated this 11th day of February 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London; Agents for the Applicant: