IMPROVEMENTS IN NIGHT COMMODE PANS
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CHUBB, of Portsea, in the County of Hants, Umbrella Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Tenth day of July, in the first year of Her reign, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Chubb,
Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said William Chubb, my exors, adñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Chubb, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN NIGHT COMMODE PANS;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said William Chubb, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Chubb, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-

page_text: in which it is supported. a, a, is the upper surface of the pan, and b, b, is an
external ring formed together with the pan itself when making; and it should
be observed that the upper part of the pan a, a, does not come so high as the
top of the ring b, b, which forms the water channel or groove, in order to
produce the water-tight joint, it consequently follows that when the cover c is
placed on, and water is poured into the channel between a and b, the water
cannot overflow at b, which would be inconvenient, but will flow over at a, a,
into the pan, which constitutes a very important feature of novelty and utility
in my mode of applying a water joint to such earthenware pans over previous
methods of applying water joints, wherein the same are formed at a distance
below the upper surface on the outside of the pan itself; and further, such
mode of applying the ring b, so that its top is at a point above the pan, offers
considerable facility for producing a suitable flange to suspend the pan in the
seat of the night stool, as is shewn in the Drawing, for the external ring or
channel being necessarily the largest diameter, it is important that such part
should be that supported by the seat, which could not be convenient accom-
plished if the channel produced by 6 was at a position below the top of the
pan, and according to my arrangement the part 6 becomes part of the seat of
the person using the night stool.
b
Figure 2 shews the section of the mode of applying my Invention to that
description of night commode pans, sometimes also called chamber pots and
chamber utensils; and as the same letters indicate similar parts as those above
described, it will not be necessary to go again into a description of the parts
further than to add that in this class of night commode pans the upper part
of the ring b is formed suitable for supporting the person using the same, and
it is preferable that the top of the pan should be out of the way of the person

page_text: sitting on the pan, but this is not essential, provided the top a, a, be sufficiently
low to ensure the flowing of any excess of water (which may be put into the
channel) into the pan itself, and not over 6 on to the floor; and it will be
evident that water may be poured into the channel previously to using the
pans, or after the cover is put on. It is better to be poured in afterwards.
I would have it understood, that I do not confine myself to a particular
shape or size for either of the pans, but have shewn them of the shapes most
generally employed, for it will be evident that variations may be made, such
for instance, as making the second class without handles, they would then be
suitable for night stools as well as being separate from a stool.
I am aware that night commode pans have been made in earthenware,
having water joints at a position below the top of the pan, but having neither
of the properties of my improvements, that of the top of the pan being below
the top of the channel or water groove, and that of the channel 6 becoming
the means of suspending the one class of pans in night stools, and in the other
class, the means or partly the means of supporting the person using the same
as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Chubb, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.