IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS OR OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1884

page_text: I THOMAS CLAYTON of Green Lane Ashton-on-Mersey in the County of Cheshire
Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS OR OTHER STRUCTURES to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for ventilating buildings or
other structures such as ships, mines tunnels, carriages etc. and has for its object,
firstly to obtain a more uniform or constant exhausting of the foul air from such
structure and secondly to increase the efficiency and lessen the cost of such
apparatus.
To this end I form a box of suitable material and size according to requirement
within which I arrange to rotate in suitable bearings a vane. The said vane is
formed of a suitable number of spiral swings or plates forming compartments and
fixed on a shaft in such a manner that the vane resembles either a double, treble
or more, pitched screw, which is surrounded by a fixed casing just fitting the size
of the vane in diameter and width. On one end of the said box and opposite to
the end of the vane I form an inlet opening for the foul air to enter the apparatus.
This inlet opening may be brought in direct or indirect communication with the
structure from whence the foul air is to be exhausted. Opposite to the said inlet
opening the box is provided with an outlet which I make of a larger size than the
said inlet opening in order that the foul air may easily escape when brought to the
outlet by the vane. The said box I fill partly with water so that half of the vane
will be immersed, the depth of water being regulated by an overflow formed at any
suitable side of the apparatus. The apparatus may be fixed at any convenient
part of a structure and the vane rotated either by hand, motive power, or clock-
work. The working of the apparatus is as follows;-When the vane is in rotation
the foul air enters through said inlet opening and is then immediately caught by
the compartment of the said vane, which projects out of the water, and is thus
trapped by the water, during the time such compartment is immersed until the
ID 077
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page_text: opposite end of the said compartment has left the water, when the foul air is
allowed to escape through the outlet. It will thus be seen that the foul air taken
up by each compartment of the vane, gets trapped by means of the water, during
the rotation of the vane, which will prevent the foul air from re-entering the
structure from whence it has been drawn which causes the delivery of the foul air
to be more effective and constant than has been the case heretofore by the use of
any other apparatus.

page_text: I, THOMAS CLAYTON of Green Lane Ashton-on-Mersey in the County of Cheshire
Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS OR OTHER STRUCTURES" and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for ventilating buildings of.
other structures, such as ships, mines tunnels, carriages, etc. and has for its objects,
firstly to obtain a more uniform or constant exhausting of the foul air from such
structures, and secondly to increase the efficiency and lessen the cost of such
apparatus. And in order that my invention may be better understood I have
caused to be appended hereunto two sheets of drawings marked with letters of
reference, corresponding letters indicating like parts in various figures.
Fig 1 Sheet I is a longitudinal section and Fig 2 is an end view of my improved
ventilator showing the end cover of the same removed.
Fig 3. Sheet II is a longitudinal section and Fig 4 an end view of a modification
of the same.
In carrying out my invention 'see Figs 1 and 2, Sheet II form a
box a of suitable material and size according to requirements, within which
I arrange to rotate in suitable bearings b a vane c. The said vane is formed of a
suitable number of spiral swings or plates forming compartments & and fixed on
a shaft e in such a manner that the vane resembles a double treble or inore pitched,
screw which is surrounded by and suitably fixed into a casing f, just fitting the
size of the vane in diameter and width. The length of the said plates or wings
may be varied to suit the particular purpose the vane is to be adapted for.
'On one end of the said box and opposite to the end of the vane I form an inlet
opening g for the foul air to enter the apparatus. This inlet opening may be
brought into direct or indirect communication with the structure from whence the
foul air is to be exhausted by means of pipes or otherwise. Opposite to the said
inlet opening the box a is provided with an outlet which I make of the same size
or larger than the said inlet opening in order that the foul air may easily escape
when brought to the outlet by the vane c. The end of the casing which is next
to the outlet or delivery of foul air is made to run in a groove formed in the
circular rim a' cast or fixed on the end of the box a. The said casing is arranged
to be adjusted in a horizontal direction by means of the screw lock-nut / and
collar m in order that the end of the casing will always run easily in the said
groove forming a joint and thereby preventing the foul air from returning to the
space in the box a above the water, thus assuring a perfect delivery of the foul air
which can be carried to any convenient place by means of pipes.
The said box I fill partly with water so that half or a less part of the vane will
be immersed, the depth of water being regulated or gauged by an overflow.or
gauge glass i fixed or formed at any suitable side of the apparatus.

page_text: The apparatus may be fixed at any convenient part of a structure and the vane
rotated either by hand motive power or clock work. The working of the apparatus
is as follows:-
When the vane is in rotation the foul air enters through the said inlet opening g
and is then immediately caught by the compartments of the said vane, which
project out of the water, and kept trapped by means of the water during the time
such compartments are immersed until the same leave the water on the opposite
side when the foul air is allowed to escape through the outlet h. It will thus be
seen that the foul air taken up by each compartment of the vane gets trapped by
means of the water during the rotation of the vane which will prevent the foul
air from re-entering the structure whence it has been drawn.
Such apparatus is especially adapted where great volumes of foul air have to be
displaced from a distant part and where the foul has to travel through elbows, or
other obstructions and will be found of great value and far superior than any other
apparatus used for such purpose heretofore.
Referring to Sheet II. Figs 3 & 4, show a modification of my improved venti-
lating apparatus in which the vane c is arranged to rotate in a cylindrical casing o
without the aid of water. The end next to the inlet of the casing of the vane c
in this case is made adjustable in the frame or bracket p on the drawing inside by
means of the collar q, the vane itself being of the same construction as described
before when working in water, but shorter in length and a greater speed being
imparted thereto.
¬
Instead of rotating the said construction of vane horizontally the same may be
arranged to work vertically, equally as well where it is found to be of advantage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my, said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it to be
understood that I claim
First In apparatus for ventilating or exhausting the foul air from buildings or
other structures, The particular construction of vane and means for adjusting the
same towards the delivery side in combination with the application of water for
trapping the foul air or other gas, substantially as described and illustrated in
Figs 1 and 2. Sheet I.
:
Second The modification and particular construction of vane and means for
adjusting the same towards the drawing in side, working either horizontally or
vertically without the application of water; substantially as described and illus-
trated in Figs 3 and 4, Sheet II for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 16th day of December & D 1884