Improvements in Safety Valves.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 1st Sept., 1891-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1891
Improvements in Safety Valves.
I, FREDERICK WRIGHT FISHER of 9, Stalmine Road, Walton, Liverpool,
England, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
My invention relates to improvements in safety valves, especially applicable to
kitchen boilers which have a continuous circulation but which may also be applied
to other kinds of boilers which are supplied by water under pressure.
To the underside of the main case or cylinder of the valve is attached a vertical
pipe, provided on one side with an inlet which connects with the main water supply
at the bottom with an outlet which connects with the boiler and on the side opposite
the inlet but higher up with a safety escape or port resembling the steam port of
an engine cylinder, the inner portion of this port being elongated. Within the
main cylinder, there is a main weight which connects with pistons and slide valves
below and balances the normal working pressure of the boiler. The weight has a
depending portion, which enters the vertical pipe and on the lower end of this
depending portion there is a junk ring which fits closely within the said pipe and
which is provided on the upper side with a tongue that projects into a corresponding
recess in the lower portion of the weight to which it is secured by a key. This
junk ring is screwed to vertical posts which extend from a collar on a piston
arranged to move vertically in unison with the main weight and is provided at a
point a little above the said collar with radial arms or lugs upon the outer ends of
which and upon the outer portion of the collar is supported a packing ring. This
packing ring is split at points adjacent to the end of one of the lugs and the split
portion comes directly above the lug, the middle portion of the ring being cut away
to receive the lug which prevents any water from being forced up through the split
in the ring as the pressure will first come against the lug which is immediately
below the split. This packing ring is pressed outwards against the wall of the
pipe by spiral springs coiled around the lugs. To the piston is attached a slide
valve which works against the side of the pipe as a seat and when brought opposite
the inlet it will tightly close the same, the valve being held to its seat by a spring
between the valve and the piston by which it is carried. In the upper portion of
the main cylinder or case above the main weight, is a supplemental weight which
has on the under side a depending tongue and on the upper side a similar tongue,
the former of which enters a corresponding recess in the top of the main weight
and the latter extends through the top of the cylinder and is keyed to a collar
which abuts with a similar collar formed on the cylinder top and thus limits the
downward movement of the supplemental weight. On the front side of the main
weight is secured an indicating hand which projects outwards through, and moves
vertically in, a slot in the cylinder which is marked to indicate whether the valve
is open or closed or whether the escape is open.
The operation of the valve is as follows:-The main weight is such that it will
normally descend to the bottom of the cylinder and when in this position the inlet
If the
will be open so that the water may flow freely through it to the boiler.
pressure in the boiler becomes excessive, the water will press upward in the pipe
and raise the main weight so that the valve will close the inlet. This will ordinarily
relieve the pressure, but if the pressure continues to increase the main weight will
be still farther raised, thereby raising the supplemental weight also, and the piston

page_text: will be also raised, thus lifting the packing ring and collar above the safety escape
port and allowing the pressure to be relieved through this escape port.
Dated April 24th 1891.
DIV.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Safety Valves.
I FREDERICK WRIGHT FISHER of 9 Stalmine Road, Walton, Liverpool,
England, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in safety valves, and the object of my
invention is to produce a valve which is especially applicable to kitchen boilers
which have a continuous circulation, but which may also be applied to other kinds
of boilers which are supplied by water under pressure.
To this end my invention consists in certain features of construction and com-
binations of parts, which will be hereinafter described and claimed.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
Specification in which
Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of the valve embodying my invention, on the
line 1-1 in Figure 2;
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same;
Figure 3 is a horizontal cross section on the line 3-3 in Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4-4 in Figure 1 ;
Figure 5 is a detail side elevation of the piston ;
Figure 6 is a detail perspective view of the valve which is applied to the inlet;
Figure 7 is a plan view of the junk ring which is secured to the upper portion of
the piston;
Figure 8 is a side elevation of the same; and
Figure 9 is a detail side elevation, showing the manner in which the packing
ring is mounted on the lugs of the piston.
Similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.
The valve is provided with a main case or cylinder 10 on the underside of which
is attached a vertical pipe 11 which is provided at the top with a flange 12 to
facilitate its attachment to the main case and is provided on one side with an
inlet 13 which connects with the main water supply and with an outlet 14 at
bottom which connects with the boiler, and on the side opposite the inlet, but
higher up, with a safety or escape port 15 resembling the steam port of an engine
cylinder, the inner portion of the port being elongated as shown in dotted lines
at 15 in Figure 2 and also in Figure 3.
Within the main cylinder 10 is a weight 16 which connects with the pistons and
slide valves below, and balances the normal working pressure of the boiler. The
weight 16 has a depending portion 16ª which enters the upper portion of the pipe 11
and on the lower end of this depending portion is a junk ring 17 which fits closely
within said pipe 11 and is provided on the upper side with a shank 18 which
projects into a corresponding recess in the lower portion of the weight 16 to
which it is secured by a key 19.
This junk ring is screwed to the posts 22 which extend vertically from a collar 21
on a piston 20 arranged to move vertically in unison with the weight 16 and
provided at a point a little above the said collar 21 with radially extending arms or
lugs 23 upon the outer ends of which and upon the outer portion of the collar 21 is
supported a packing ring 24. This packing ring is split as shown at 25 at points

page_text: adjacent to the end of one of the lugs 23, the split portion coming directly above
the lug and the middle portion of the ring being cut away to receive the lug as
best shown in Figure 9 which prevents any water from being forced up through the
split in the ring, as the pressure will first come against the lug which is immediately
below the split. The packing ring 24 is pressed outwards against the wall of the
pipe 11 by means of spiral springs 26 coiled around the lugs 23.
The lower end of the piston 20 is bored transversely at 27 to receive the reduced
end 28 of a lug 29 terminating at its outer end in a slide valve 30, which has a
convex outer portion corresponding to the curvature of the pipe 11, so that when
the valve is brought opposite the inlet 13, it will tightly close the same, the valve
being held to its seat by means of a spiral spring 31, which is coiled around the
lug 29 between the valve and the piston 20 by which it is carried.
In the upper portion of the main cylinder or case 10 above the weight 16 is a
supplemental weight 32 which has on the underside a depending shank 32" and on
the upper side a similar shank 33. The shank 32ª enters a corresponding recess 34
in the top of the weight 16 and the shank 33 extends through the top of the
cylinder and is keyed to a collar 35, which abuts with a similar collar formed on
the cylinder top, and thus limits the downward movement of the supplemental
weight.
On the front side of the weight 16 is secured an indicating hand 36 which projects
outward through and moves vertically in a slot 37 in the cylinder 10 which is
marked at intervals opposite the slot, as shown in Figure 2, to indicate whether the
valve is open or closed, or whether the escape is open. When the valve is in its
normal position, the hand will be in the lower portion of the slot, and opposite the
word "open," but if the valve is raised to close the inlet, the hand will be brought
opposite the word "closed," and if it is raised still higher to open the escape, the
hand will be brought opposite the word "escape," so that it will always indicate
the position of the valve.
The operation of the valve is as follows-
The weight 16 is such that it will normally descend to the bottom of the
cylinder 10 and when in this position the inlet 13 will be open, so that the water
may flow freely through it and through the outlet 14 to the boiler. If, however,
the pressure in the boiler becomes excessive the water will press upward in the
pipe 11, and raise the weight 16 so that the valve 30 will close the inlet 13. This
will ordinarily relieve the pressure and will raise the weight 16 so that the top will
abut against the supplemental weight 32, and the lower portion of the packing
ring 24 and the collar 21 will be about opposite the escape port 15. If the pressure
continues to increase the weight 16 will be still further raised, thereby raising the
supplemental weight 32 also thus raising the packing ring 24 and collar 21 of
piston 20 above the port 15 and allowing the pressure to be relieved through this
escape port.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A valve of the character described, comprising a case having an inlet in one
side and an outlet in the bottom, a weight moving vertically in the case and a valve
secured to the weight and adapted to close the inlet, substantially as described.
2. A device of the character described comprising a case having a side inlet and
escape port, and an outlet in the lower portion, and weight-operated valves adapted
to successively close the inlet and open the escape port, substantially as described.
3. A device of the character described comprising a case having an inlet on one
side, and an escape port arranged above the inlet and an outlet in the lower end, a
main weight sliding in the case, a supplemental sliding weight arranged above the
main weight, and valves secured to the lower end of the main weight and adapted
to successively close the inlet and open the escape port, substantially as described.
4. A device of the character described, comprising a main case, a depending pipe

page_text: secured to the lower end of the same, said pipe having a side inlet, an escape port
arranged above the inlet and an outlet in the lower end, a weight sliding in the
main case and having a depending end to enter the pipe, a piston secured to
the lower end of the weight and arranged vertically in the pipe, a slide valve
secured to the piston and adapted to close the inlet, and a spring-pressed packing
ring arranged upon the upper portion of the piston and adapted to normally close
the escape port, substantially as described.
5. The combination, of the main case, the pipe secured thereto and provided with
a side escape port, the weight sliding in the main case, the piston secured to the
lower end of the weight and provided with a collar and laterally extending lugs,
and the spring-pressed packing ring mounted upon the collar and lugs, substantially
as described.
6. In a valve of the character described, the combination, with the main slotted
case, and the pressure operated weight therein, of an indicator secured to the
weight and extending through the slot in the case, substantially as described.
Dated this 1st day of September 1901
F. W. FISHER.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.