IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND WINDING WORSTED
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Harrison, of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Overlooker, and William Mitchell the younger, of Hoarstone
Lodge, near Burnley aforesaid, Woolstapler, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND WINDING WORSTED,
Scaled the 16th May 1856, and dated the 3rd December 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Harrison and
William Mitchell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 3rd December 1855.
We, GEORGE HARRISON, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker,
and WILLIAM MITCHELL the younger, of Hoarstone Lodge, near Burnley
aforesaid, Woolstapler, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND WINDING WORSTED,
COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in an improved combination of machinery for
winding rovings or yarn on to spools or bobbins, and is particularly applicable
to the woollen or worsted spinning machines; it is, however, capable of being
applied to roving frames and machines for spinning and winding cotton and
other fibrous materials. The machinery consists of a heart or other agent for

page_text: giving lateral motion to a rail, to which is connected a screw and screw nut;
this nut supports an inclined piece connected to the shaper plate. When the
rail moves laterally the shaper plate causes the shaper rail to rise and fall,
thereby distributing the roving or yarn on to the spool or bobbin, so as to
build a cop or bobbin of the required form. When our improvements are
applied to woollen or worsted spinning machines, the bobbins produced upon
the machine may be placed on the shuttle skewer, thereby dispensing with the
winding machines usually employed for making the bobbins.
Also in working the above-mentioned machinery, or other machinery for
winding the rovings or yarn on to spools or bobbins, by means of differential
wheels, driven from the tin roller or other part of the machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Harrison and William Mitchell in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 3rd June 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
HARRISON, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker, and WILLIAM
MITCHELL the younger, of Hoarstone Lodge, near Burnley aforesaid, Wool-
stapler, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said George Harrison and William Mitchell, Her special license that we,
the said George Harrison and William Mitchell, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Harrison and William
Mitchell, our executors, administrators; and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR ROVING, SPINNING, AND WINDING WORSTED, COTTON, AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS, upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
George Harrison and William Mitchell, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,

page_text: and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Harrison and William
Mitchell, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following Specification thereof, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawing (that is to say) :-
The nature of our said Invention of improvements in machinery for roving,
spinning, and winding worsted, cotton, and other fibrous materials, consists
in an improved combination of parts for distributing rovings or yarn on to
spools, bobbins, or spindles. And in order that our Invention may be fully
understood and readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the
means pursued by us.
Fig. 1 of the said Drawing is an end elevation of a worsted spinning
frame; Fig. 2 is a side clevation of part of the same; and Figs. 3 and 4 are
detached views of part of our improvements. a is the end frame; b, the tin
drum for driving the spindles c, c, which are supported in the rails d, d; e is
the lifting rail, to which an up and down motion for distributing the yarn on
the spools or bobbins f is given, by means of our improved machinery composed
of the following parts:-To the frame a is bolted the bracket g, from which
projects the stud h; this stud supports the wheel i and heart j, both of which
are fast together but loose on the stud; the wheel i is caused to revolvo
slowly by the pinion on the shaft of the tin drum 6 gearing in the wheel k,
to which is fixed the pinion gearing in the wheel m, to which is fixed the
pinion gearing in the wheel i. The heart j in revolving imparts a to and
fro motion to the slide frame o by acting against the bowls p, which are
mounted on studs projecting from the slide frame o, and this slide frame is
supported by slide blocks q projecting from the bracket g. The centre portion
of the slide frame o is furnished with two bearings o¹, o¹, for the screw r, to
which is fixed a ratchet wheels and a hand wheel t; the screw r is furnished
with a screw nut r, from which projects a stud passing through horizontal
slots in the slide frame o. Within the slide frame o is a vertical sliding piece
u, which bears on the stud projecting from the nut r³, and to the upper part
of the sliding piece u is hinged the shaper plate u'. These parts are shown
detached in Figs. 3 and 4, on referring to which it will be seen that tho
shaper plate u is hinged to the piece u, and has a tongue fitting in a slot in
the vertical sliding piece u, and that the end of the shaper plate u¹ bears on
a set screw u tapped into the slide u. The object of this set screw is to be.

page_text: able to vary the angle of the shaper plate u'. The bowl v bears upon the
shaper plate u; this bowl is mounted on a stud projecting from the doublo
plate v', which slides up and down in a slot in the bracket g, and to a
projection from the inner plate v' is attached one end of a chain v³, the other
end of which is fixed to the pulley w keyed on the shaft w.. This shaft
extends from one side of the machine to the other, and at each end is fixed
a pulley w, to which the chains w³ are attached; these chains are also fixed
to the pieces w projecting from the rails w, and to these rails one end of
the chains ware attached, the other ends, after passing over the pulleys w',
are mado fast to the pieces projecting from the guides of the lifting
rails c. The Drawing represents the parts in the positions they occupy when
the spools or bobbins are partly filled. The mode of operation is as follows:-
The heart in revolving moves the slide frame o to and fro, and as the bowl v
is constantly bearing on the shaper plate u', it is evident that this to and fro
motion of the slide frame imparts an up and down motion to the bowl v, and
from it to the lifting rails e, by the intervention of the chains and pulleys
above enumerated. The yarn is distributed on the spools or bobbins in
successive layers and in the required proportion by the variations in the level
at which the lifting rails .c move up and down, and these variations are
produced by the traversing motion of the screw nut r¹. When the spools or
bobbins are empty, or in starting to build the yarn on the spools or bobbins, or
on to the spindle on which a tube of paper has been placed, the nut is near
the right-hand end of the screw r, and the vertical slide u is at its greatest
elevation; the thin end of the shaper plate u' is at this time held up by means
of the tongue projecting from it being retained in the requisite position by the
stud projecting from the screw nut r¹. When the machine is set to work,
every revolution of the wheel i causes the screw r to perform a portion of, a
revolution, by means of the stud. let into one of the arms of the wheel i. This
stud comes in contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel s, thereby moving
the screw partly round and gradually drawing the nut towards the left-hand
side of the machine; this motion of the screw nut first allows the end of the
shaper plate u to drop on to the set screw u², and then allows the vertical
slide u gradually to descend, the incline on the lower end of the slide 2
remaining at all times in contact with the stud on the nut . When the
nutr¹ arrives near the left-hand end of the screw r, the vertical slide u and
the lifting rails e have assumed their lowest positions. The number of teeth
in the ratchet wheels and the pitch of the screw r must be so calculated that
the requisite quantity of yarn shall have been wound on the spool, bobbin, or
spindle when the screw nut has completed its traverse from one end of the

page_text: screw to the other. The hand wheel t is for bringing back the screw nut r¹
to the right-hand side of the screw r previous to commencing a fresh set.
By means of the above-described machinery the cops or bobbins produced
are of such a shape that they contain a greater quantity of yarn than those
produced by the ordinary means. We wish to observe, that although we
have shown the machinery for lifting and lowering both the lifting rails e
simultaneously, the motion may easily be transmitted to the lifting rails in
such wise that the one shall ascend whilo the other descends, as is now
customary. The wheel i, instead of being turned round by the wheels and
pinions shewn in the Drawing, may be turned round by differential wheels or
by other agents. The application of differential wheels is also beneficial in
driving copping motions of the ordinary construction. The mode of applying
our improvements to other machines for roving, spinning, and winding cotton
and other fibrous materials does not require to bo illustrated, as the requisito
alterations to suit the size and shape of the bobbins, spools, or cops to bo
produced will readily suggest themselves to any competent workman.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we declare that we claim,-
First, the improved combination of machinery shewn and described for
distributing rovings or yarn on to spools, bobbins, or spindles, and particularly
the parts marked u and u¹.
And, secondly, the application of differential wheels for giving motion to
machinery by which rovings or yarn are distributed on to spools, bobbins, or
spindles.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Mitchell the younger, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, in the year
of our Lord Ono thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
0
Witness,
II. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
WILL MITCHELL, JUN'. (L.S.)