IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING, WRINGING, DRYING, AND MANGLING MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT' to Richard Mills, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING,
WRINGING, DRYING, AND MANGLING MACHINES."
Sealed the 31st October 1862, and dated the 6th May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Mills at the
Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th.
May 1862.
I, RICHARD MILLS, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WASHING, WRINGING, DRYING, AND MANGLING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
One of my improvements consists in placing in the interior. of the barrel of!
washing machines an oscillating beater constructed with bars or havinga
perforations therein or projections thereon, so that. the materials to be: washed.;
I may rub against the said bars or projections, and the water pass. between, the
said bars, or through the said perforations.
Another of my improvements consists. in forming the rollers used for!
wringing and mangling by fixing upon a metal shaft two or more rings or.
supports, upon which I fix. hollow cylindrical shells composed of sheet.
wrought iron, sheet zinc, sheet tin, sheet brass,. or sheet copper. I also. fix.
a second cylindrical shell of zinc, tin, brass, or copper on ther outer surfaco
of the said sheet-iron, shell, the last named shell being in this case to produce.'
strength. I also use galvanized or electro-plated cylindrical shells for the.

page_text: said purpose, and deposit the zinc or other metal by the ordinary process.
My object in using a sheet metal cylindrical shell for the said rollers is to give
elasticity to the said rollers when mangling or wringing fabrics.
My next improvemen consists in the use of two pairs of rollers instead
of one pair as heretofore I place the second pair of rollers near the other
pair, so that when the fabrics to be mangled or wrung pass through the first
pair of rollers, the said fabrics are received by the other rollers, the last named
rollers being heated by water or steam will assist in drying and finishing the
said fabrics.
Another of my improvements consists in fixing a cylindrical shell or shells
around the circumference of the ordinary wood rollers used for wringing or
mangling fabrics, either by fitting the said shell close to the wood, or
by placing hoops of metal between the said shells, and the said wood rollers.
PECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard Mills in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 4th
November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I RICHARD
MILLS, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Mills, Her special licence, that I, the said Richard Mills, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Mills, my executors, administrators, and assigns should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times. thereafter. during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the, Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENS IN WASHING,
WRINGING, DRYING, AND MANGLING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Richard Mills, my. executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writi..g. under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Mills, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
(that is to say)—
One of my improvements consists in placing in the interior of the barrel of
washing machines an oscillating beater constructed with bars, or having per-
forations therein, or projections thereon, so that the materials to be washed
may rub against the said bars or projections, and the water pass between the
said bars or through the said perforations.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings show this arrangement, where
the beater a consists of bars, as shown at c. The barrel 6 supports the beater a
by means of pivots at d, e, on which the said beater oscillates, the limits of
oscillation are defined by the stops f, g. The fabrics to be washed are placed
into the interior of the barrel b through the opening h, and arranged on each
side of the beater a. The opening his now closed by the cover for that
purpose, and if the barrel be made to revolve on its axis i, i, in the direction
pointed out by the arrow, the fabric to be washed will fall with and rub
against the beater, but the water will pass between the said bars c, and as
the barrel continues to revolve the fabrics are agitated and rubbed against
the sides of the barrel, and against the beater. I place projections on the
interior surface of the barrel, for the purpose of assisting in the washing or
rubbing of the said fabrics.
Another of my improvements consists in the use of two pairs of rollers
instead of one pair as heretofore. I place the second pair of rollers near the
other pair, so that when the fabrics to be mangled or wrung pass through the
first pair of rollers, the said fabrics are received by the other rollers, the last
named rollers being heated by water or steam will assist in drying and
finishing the said fabrics.
Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of the said rollers. The fabric f first passes
between the rollers a, b, which rollers squeeze out the greatest portion of
the water, and the fabric then passes between the rollers c₁, d₁, which rollers
being heated will assist in drying and finishing the fabrics.
Another of my improvements consists in forming the rollers used for
wringing and mangling by fixing upon a metal shaft two or more rings or
supports, upon which I fix hollow cylindrical shells composed of sheet wrought
iron, sheet zine, sheet tin, sheet brass, or sheet copper. I also fix a second
cylindrical shell of zinc, tin, brass, or copper on the outer surface of the said
sheet iron shell, the last-named shell being in this case to produce strength.
I also use galvanized or electro-plated cylindrical shells for the said purpose

page_text: and deposit the. zinc or other metal by the ordinary process.. My object. in
using a sheet metal cylindrical shell for the said rollers is to give elasticity to
the said rollers, when mangling or wringing fabrics.
Another of my improvements consists in fixing a cylindrical metal shell
or shells arround the circumference of the ordinary wood rollers used for
wringing or mangling fabrics either by fitting the said metal shell close to.
the wood, or by placing hoops of metal between the said shells, and the said
wood rollers. The apparatus herein named is applicable to either domestic or.
manufacturing purposes.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the said Invention is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
what I claim as new and of my Invention is,―
Firstly, the oscillating beater, and combination of parts placed in the interior
of the barrel as herein set forth.
Secondly, the sheet metal rollers, and combination of parts for squeezing and
mangling as berein set forth and described.
Thirdly, the application of four rollers for squeezing and mangling as
herein set forth and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Mills, have hereunto set my.
band and seal, this Third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
THOMAS BALDWIN,
Bury, Lancashire.
-
RICHARD MILLS. (L.S.)