IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1856

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Fulton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th May
1856.
I, WILLIAM FULTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Wool Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING AND SPINNING FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows, that is
to say:-
This Invention relates to the application of a stop movement to various
classes of spinning, twisting, or preparing machinery, to prevent the waste of
fibrous materials which ordinarily occurs in such machinery when a roving or
yarn breaks or fails. This stop movement is applicable, under suitable modi-
fications, to machinery for spinning various kinds of fibrous materials, and it is
contemplated to employ it, not only in the doubling frame, and in the spinning
frame, but also in all other machines where the operation of spinning, twisting,
or preparing rovings or yarns takes places.
In applying this stop movement to a worsted spinning frame, for example,
the yarn or roving, immediately before reaching the flyer, passes through a

page_text: guide upon the end of a small tumbling-lever, carried by a rod or slide, and
arranged so that the pressure of the yarn or roving keeps it in a particular
position so long as it remains entire, but so that when the yarn or roving fails
the lever tumbles in such a manner as to be acted upon by a pin on the draw-
ing roller, which, when it comes round, shifts it, and the rod or slide, laterally.
This lateral movement of the rod or slide throws it off a catch, and allows a
spring to draw it on end, and in this longitudinal motion it rubs upon and
turns a small verticle spindle, through a guide eye in the of which the roving
or yarn passes before entering between them feeding drawing rollers. This
action stops and holds the roving yarn, and prevents the drawing rollers from
drawing any more forward until the parts are readjusted by the attendant. If
necessary, the stop movement may, in addition, be contrived to lift the upper-
most of the feeding drawing rollers, to prevent it from continuing to draw
forward the roving or yarn. In the modification of the stop movement, as
applicable to a doubling frame, such, for example, as is used in spinning
worsted, a tumbling guide lever is applied to each of the separate threads or
yarns, of the two or more which are twisted into one thread in this machine,
so that when any one of these single threads breaks or fails, the said tumbling
lever, which is in this case connected to a vertical slide or rod, falls over, so as
to be caught by a pin, catch, or tooth, on a continuously revolving spindle.
This causes the continuously revolving catch or tooth to draw the slide or rod
out of a retaining catch, so as to allow a spring or weight to draw it down.
Small levers or other mechanical details are connected to this slide or rod for
the purpose of lifting the upper drawing roller, so as to stop its action on the
thread or yarn; whilst another lever, or equivalent detail; also connected to the
rod, stops the spindle, by pressing upon its wharve, or otherwise. In this
manner the machine is prevented from twisting the compound thread or yarn
of less than the proper number of component threads or yarns, on account of
one of such component threads breaking or failing, whereby an immense deal
of time and labor hitherto lost in unwinding and going over the operation' a
second time is saved. The stop movement may also be applied in the doubling
frame to the compound thread or yarn just before it reaches the flyer; as in
the spinning frame, it being made to act either by. withdrawing the thread or
yarn from between the rollers and holding it, or by lifting up the upper roller
so as to suspend its action, or it may be made to act in both of these ways.
In applying this Invention to the various machines employed in preparing and
spinning fibrous materials of various kinds, the mechanical details of the stop
movement must, be modified to suit each particular arrangement of machine;
but the essential feature of the Invention is the use of a tumbling lever or

page_text: finger, over or through which the thread, yarn, or roving passes, the breaking
or failing of which thread, yarn, or roving causes such lever or finger to
assume such a position as will bring into play suitable mechanism to cause the
discontinuance of the action of the machine on that particular thread, yarn,
or roving, or on the compound thread or yarn of which it is or should form
part.