An Improved Fire-proof Material.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1891-Accented, 24th Dec., 1891
An Improved Fire-proof Material.
I, CARL HEINRICH KÖPKE, of No. 59, Weidenallee, Hamburg, in the German
Empire, Master Mason, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention has for its object the utilisation of a substance which is available
in large quantities, but has hitherto been treated as refuse. It consists in the
employment of the waste product resulting from the manufacture of photogen
(light hydrocarbon oils), the coke of bog-head coal, for the purpose of producing
a valuable fire-proof cement and other fire-proof substances.
The products resulting from the use of my invention are harder and less brittle
than the fire-proof substances hitherto known; they are better non-conductors of
heat; are fire-proof in the highest degree to which it is possible for any ordinary
fire-proof material to reach; and do not crack or split if brought, when in a
condition of white beat, into contact with water.
The process of producing the fire-proof materials according to my invention
consists of three operations :-(1) calcining the coke; (2) grinding or pulverising
the coke after calcination; and (3) moulding the coke into fire-proof materials.
If, owing to any circumstance, the coke used in the process has been previously
heated to a high degree, the first of these operations is rendered unnecessary.
The coke may be ground in either a wet or a dry state. The specific gravity
of the product will vary from 0-36 to 0-60, according to the degree of fineness to
which the material is pulverised.
By the employment of two of the above-mentioned operations, viz., calcination
and pulverisation, an excellent fire-proof cement is obtained.
The cement, if desired, may be freely combined with other kinds of cement, as
well as with lime and gypsum. Substances combined with the cement are thereby
made specifically lighter. Lime, so combined, acquires an increase of binding
power.
Mixed with about one-fifth of its own weight of cork, and with the addition of
a suitable medium, the cement produced under this invention furnishes an excellent
non-conducting mass suitable for moulding into fire-bricks.
The moulding may be effected either with or without the addition of quartz,
fire-brick powder and other suitable substances; such substances being selected in
each case according to the nature of their chemical composition and the purpose to
which the product is to be applied.
The cement can also be mixed and moulded with coke, "lime, soluble glass
solution, hair and clay; and with a mixture of an organic substance or a substance
of organic origin and alkalies or alkaline earths or magnesia with the addition of
water, so as to produce materials possessing highly-valuable properties.
The improved fire-proof material, when employed as a cement or as a material
for use in moulding bricks and other articles, is applied in a manner similar to that
in which other fire-proof materials of a like character are applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :—
The manufacture of a fire-proof material from coke poor in combustible
properties by calcining and then grinding the same, substantially as herein

page_text: described the product being adapted for employment as a cement, or as a material
for use in moulding bricks and other articles."
Dated this 10th day of August 1891.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
191, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.