IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND POWER DRILLING APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: We, HENRY SHERLEY PRICE and MAURICE BELSHAM both of 52 Queen Victoria
Street in the City of London, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND POWER DRILLING APPARATUS " to be as
follows:-
This invention relates more especially to that variety of hand power drilling
apparatus in which the feeding forward of the drill is effected automatically by
the relative friction of two surfaces pressed together by spring or other elastic
pressure, and of the screw threads on or in the feed and drill spindles.
The said improvements consist as follows:-
--
A collar is pinned or otherwise secured or formed on the screwed feed spindle or
sleeve. The under surface of this collar bears on a surface formed on the casing or
frame of the apparatus, and the upper surface is formed as a circular inclined plane
or helical thread of one whole or partial turn; a second collar surrounds loosely
the feed spindle or sleeve above the first named collar, and the under side of the
second collar bears on the upper side of the first, and is preferably formed as an
inclined plane or helical thread corresponding to the inclined plane or helical thread
on the first named collar. The second collar is pressed against the first by means
of a spring, the pressure of which can be regulated according to the feed required,
by an adjusting screw. When the drill spindle or sleeve is set in motion in the
act of drilling, the feed spindle unscrews out of the drill sleeve, (or the drill spindle
out of the feed sleeve as the case may be) until the friction between their screw
threads becomes so great that the drill spindle or drill sleeve and the feed sleeve or
feed spindle revolve together; and as the feed spindle or sleeve carries the first
above described collar, the latter is turned also against the pressure of the spring
acting on the second collar, the revolution of which is retarded by the friction of
surfaces pressed together by the pressure of the spring. The inclined or helical
surface on the first collar thereby acts on the inclined or helical surface of the
second, gradually pushing the said second collar (after the manner of a wedge)
against the action of the spring, and giving feed to the drill until the end of the
incline on the one collar passes the end of that on the other, when the spring
forces the second collar back, the feed screw or sleeve stops its rotation, and the
further rotation of the drill spindle or sleeve unscrews the feed screw further from
the drill sleeve (or the drill spindle from the feed sleeve, as the case may be) until

page_text: the resistance is again thereby increased sufficiently to cause the drill spindle or
sleeve, the feed spindle or sleeve, and the collar fixed on the latter, to again
revolve together against the action of the spring and the helical surface of the
second collar so as to give another feed. The device for retarding the revolution
of the second collar, and for forming the friction surface opposed to that against
which the first collar bears, and by which device the drill and feed spindles or
sleeves can be again screwed into each other when required for a fresh drilling
operation, is preferably adapted with a conical or curved bearing surface
taking into a correspondingly formed seating in the case or framework of the
apparatus, and the before mentioned pressure spring forces the said conical or
curved bearing into its seating with sufficient friction to bring about the automatic
drilling action.
•
The mechanism for rotating the drill may be of any suitable kind such as
gearing or the ordinary ratchet arrangement by which one forward movement only
of the drill is effected for each forward and backward movement of the ratchet
lever, or any double action arrangement by which two forward movements of the
drill are effected for each forward and backward movement of the ratchet lever.
The frame or casing carrying the parts of the apparatus may be arranged in
any suitable way according to the purpose and scope the apparatus is intended to
fulfil.

page_text: We, HENRY SHIRLEY PRICE and MAURICE BELSHAM both of 52 Queen Victoria
Street in the City of London, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND POWER DRILLING APPARATUS
"and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement reference being had to the
accompanying sheet of drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon that
is to say:
This invention relates more especially to that variety of hand power drilling
apparatus in which the feeding forward of the drill is effected automatically by the
relative friction of two surfaces pressed together by springs or other elastic
pressure, and of the screw threads on or in the feed and drill spindles.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation
of a drilling apparatus of the kind above referred to, with our improvements
applied thereto; Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 are sections taken on the lines A A, BB, CC,
DD, respectively of Figure 1. Figures 6 and 7 represent in side and front
elevation respectively (but to a smaller scale than Figure 1) a drill stand adapted
to carry a drilling apparatus of the kind shown in Figure 1 so that the latter can
be placed in various positions for drilling in different directions, and Figure 8 shows
another form of drill stand with the said apparatus applied thereto.
A represents the casing or frame containing the mechanism, which casing or
frame is constructed as customary in this class of apparatus, B is the drill spindle,
C the feed spindle screwed into the drill spindle B, D, D¹ and D* bevil gearing for
rotating the drill spindle by means of the crown ratchet wheels E¹ E the teeth of
which take into corresponding ratchet teeth formed on the bevil wheels D¹ and D².
All these parts are of a construction similar to that usually employed in apparatus
of this kind, and their mode of action will be readily understood without further
explanation.
We will now proceed to describe our improvements. F is a collar pinned or
otherwise secured to or formed on the screwed feed spindle C. The under surface
of this collar bears on a surface G formed on the casing or frame A of the
apparatus, and the upper surface is formed as a circular inclined plane or helical
thread H of one whole or partial turn; a second collar F¹ surrounds loosely the
feed spindle C above the first named collar F, but is prevented from turning in the
sleeve I. by its flat sides as shown in Figure 3. The under side of the second
collar F bears on the upper side of the first, and is preferably formed as an
inclined plane or helical thread H' corresponding to the inclined plane or helical
thread H on the first named collar F. The second collar F' is pressed against the
first by means of a spring J the pressure of which can be regulated according to
the feed required by a hollow adjusting screw plug K which can be raised or
lowered in the sleeve I by turning round the spindle M, the square part M₁ of
which passes into a square hole in the screw plug K; this turning of the spindle M
is effected by a key applied to the nut M² fixed on the spindle M, the said sleeve I
being at that time prevented from turning by holding the hand wheel I' which is
keyed to the sleeve I. When the drill spindle B is rotated by the gearing D, D'
and D and ratchet wheels E' E, in the act of drilling the drill spindle B turns on
the feed spindle C unscrewing therefrom until the friction between the screw
threads of the drill spindle and feed spindle becomes so great that the said drill
spindle and feed spindle are forced to revolve together, and as the feed spindle C
carries the first above described collar F the latter is turned also against the

page_text: friction on the surface G induced by the pressure of the spring J acting on the
second collar F¹, the revolution of which is retarded by the friction of the conical
surface N of the sleeve I against the corresponding conical seating in the
frame A, the two surfaces N and O being pressed together by the pressure of the
spring J which pressure can be regulated as before described. The inclined or
helical surface H on the collar F thereby acts on the inclined or helical surface H¹
of the collar F', gradually pushing the said collar F (after the manner of a wedge)
against the action of the spring J, and giving feed to the drill spindle or sleeve B
until the end of the incline H on the one collar F passes the end of the incline H¹
on the other collar F' when the spring J forces the collar F¹ back; this reduces
the friction of the screw threads of the drill and feed spindles and the feed spindle C
then stops its rotation, the consequence of which is that the continued rotation of
the drill spindle unscrews it still further from the feed spindle C until the resistance
is again thereby increased sufficiently to cause the drill spindle B, the feed
spindle C, and the collar F fixed on the latter, to again revolve together against
the action of the spring J and the helical surface of the collar F¹, so as to give
another feed. The sleeve I for retarding the revolution of the collar F1, and for
forming the friction surface opposed to that against which the collar F bears, is
preferably adapted with a conical or curved bearing surface N taking into a
correspondingly formed seating O in the case or frame A of the apparatus, and the
beforementioned pressure spring J forces the said conical or curved bearing N into
the seating O with sufficient friction to bring about the automatic drilling action
described. When a drilling operation is completed and it is desired to withdraw
the drill from the work, the drill spindle is raised by screwing the feed spindle
into it by turning the hand wheel I when the square end of the incline on the
collar F comes against the square end of the inclino on the collar F after the
manner of a clutch whereby the feed spindle C is turned also, so that its screw
thread draws up the drill spindle B.
It will be obvious that instead of the drill spindle being made hollow and the
feed spindle screwed into it the feed spindle might be made hollow and the drill
spindle screwed into it.
Figure 9 illustrates a modified arrangement of the two collars F F'; in this
case the upper surface H of the collar F and the lower surface H' of the collar F1
are plain flat surfaces instead of being formed as inclined planes or helical threads.
By this means an automatic feeding action is obtained somewhat similar to that
produced by the action of the collars F F shown in Figure 1 the automatic action
being dependent, as before, upon the relative frictions between the screw threads
of the feed and drill spindles, and between the upper surface of the collar F and
lower surface of the collar F. The withdrawal of the drill from the work is
effected in this case also by turning the hand wheel I¹ whereby the notch F³ in the
lower surface of the collar F¹ is caused to engage with the spring catch F³ in the
collar F so as to turn the latter and therewith the feed spindle C as before.
The mechanism for rotating the drill spindle may be of any suitable double
acting kind, such as gearing and crown ratchets as shown in the drawings, by
which two forward movements of the drill spindle are effected for each forward
and backward movement of the ratchet lever P or P' as the case may be, or the
ordinary single acting ratchet arrangement by which one forward movement only of
the drill spindle is effected for each forward and backward movement of the ratchet
lever.
The frame or casing A carrying the parts of the apparatus may be arranged in
any suitable way according to the purpose and scope the apparatus is intended to
fulfil
The above described apparatus may be supported in any suitable drill stand in
order to obtain the requisite point of resistance for the pressure urging the drill
forward. For example, when the apparatus is used with an ordinary drill stand
the resistance may be applied to the upper end of the spindle M. We have
however found it preferable to support the apparatus by the arm in a specially

page_text: designed drill stand such as that illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, or as that
illustrated in Figure 8. In the stand shown in Figures 6 and 7 the arm Q of the
drilling apparatus is secured in the hole V in the arm W and the latter is fixed at
any required angle and position by the adjustable flanged couplings X so as to
drill in a variety of directions; in that shown in Figure 8 it operates upon work
laid on, or fixed to the table R, the apparatus itself (marked A in the Figure)
being fixed by the arm Q by any suitable means in the boss S of the standard T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
In automatic drilling apparatuses of the kind herein before mentioned, the
combination with the feed spindle C of the friction collars F and F¹, the adjustable
pressure spring J, and the sleeve I, the whole arranged, adapted, and operating in
relation to the case or frame A and the drill spindle B, as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the drawings, and for the purpose set forth.