IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO TURNSTILES FOR RECORDING AND REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING OR LEAVING VEHICLES OR PLACES OF PUBLIC RESORT
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Miller, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO TURNSTILES FOR
RECORDING AND REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING OR LEAVING
VEHICLES OR PLACES OF PUBLIC RESORT."
Sealed the 22nd July 1879, and dated the 5th April 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Miller at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1879.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
WILLIAM MILLER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
AND RELATING TO TURNSTILES FOR RECORDING AND REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF
PERSONS ENTERING OR LEAVING VEHICLES OR PLACES OF PUBLIC RESORT."
My Invention relates to a novel form and arrangement of that class of turnstile
in which the turnstile wings or arms are hinged to a bar or head capable of
revolving with the wings or arms, and provided with cams or inclines by which
only one wing or arm is in a horizontal position across the door entrance or other
place where the turnstile is fitted, the other arms or wings having a vertical
position, and only separately and individually assuming the horizontal position
upon the rotation of the turnstile.
The objection to this class of turnstile has been mainly owing to the fact that
the following or rising arm of the turnstile has a slow gradual upward movement
to assume the horizontal position as the turnstile is being rotated, and thereby
interfering with the comfort of the passer.
My Invention consists in an arrangement of parts, whereby the rising arm is
made to assume a horizontal position by a sudden upward movement the instant
the then horizontal arm is moved by the person passing through the turnstile. To
effect this I use a sliding sleeve guide, or its equivalent, with an inclined or cam
shaped head. The sleeve slides on the turnstile spindle, and is actuated by a
vertical link, the lower end of which is provided with an anti friction roller, and is
attached to and worked from the end of a lever fixed to the floor or ground. The
bottom of the turnstile spindle is provided with a toothed wheel having vertical
Price 6d 1

page_text: teeth on which the antifriction roller of the link actuating the sliding sleeve rides.
The teeth of the wheel are so formed that one side of each tooth has an abrupt or
sharp incline for suddenly rising the sliding sleeve and thereby lifting the turn-
stile arm into a horizontal position, while the other side of the tooth has a gradual
descent for allowing the turnstile arm to gradually assume the vertical position
upon lowering the sleeve. I prefer that the turnstile be set so that the sudden rise
is behind the person passing, and the gradual descent in front of the person passing
through the turnstile. The turnstile arms when in a horizontal position work over
a plain surface developing into an incline down which the arm lowers when used
for entering, and up which the arm rises when used for exit. The spindle of the
turnstile is connected and works a suitable registering apparatus, which records
the number of times the turnstile has been used, and thereby the number of
persons that have passed through the turnstile.
In applying my turnstile to wheeled vehicles, such as omnibuses or tramway
cars, I prefer to use the turnstile in duplicate with short arms meeting or nearly
meeting in the centre of the doorway. The turnstile spindles may be geared to
rotate together, and one turnstile may be used to record the entrance and the
other to record the exits.
By using the turnstile according to my Inveution for wheeled vehicles great
saving of space and weight is effected, and at the same time an effectual barrier is
provided which by its removal thoroughly checks and records all entrances and
exits.
It will be understood that my Invention is suitable to all places and for all
purposes to which a turnstile is applicable.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by.
the said William Millerin the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd October
1879.
WILLIAM MILLER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND RELATING TO TURNSTILES FOR RECORDING AND REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF
PERSONS ENTERING OR LEAVING VEHICLES OR PLACES OF PUBLIC RESORT.”
My Invention relates to a novel form and arrangement of that class of turnstile
in which the turnstile wings or arms are hinged to a bar or head capable of
revolving with the wings or arms, and provided with cams or inclines by which
only one wing or arm is in a horizontal position across the door entrance or other,
place where the turnstile is fitted, the other arms or wings having a vertical position
and only separately and individually assuming the horizontal position upon the
rotation of the turnstile.
The objection to this class of turnstile has been mainly owing to the fact that
the following or rising arm of the turnstile has a slow gradual upward movement
to assume the horizontal position as the turnstile is being rotated, and thereby
interfering with the comfort of the passer.
My Invention consists in an arrangement of parts whereby the rising arm is
made to assume a horizontal position by a sudden upward movement the instant
the then horizontal arm is moved by the person passing through the turnstile. To
effect this I use a sliding sleeve guide or its equivalent with an inclined or cau
shaped head. The sleeve slides on the turnstile spindle, and is actuated by a
vertical link, the lower end of which is provided with an anti friction roller, and is
attached to and worked from the end of a lever fixed to the floor or ground. The
bottom of the turnstile spindle is provided with a toothed wheel having vertical
teeth on which the anti friction roller of the link actuating sliding sleeve rides..,
The teeth of the wheel are so formed that one side of each tooth has an abrupt or
sharp incline for suddenly rising the sliding sleeve and thereby lifting the turnstile
arm into a horizontal position, while the other side of the tooth has a gradual
descent for allowing the turnstile arm to gradually assume the vertical position
upon lowering the sleeve. I prefer that the turnstile be set so that the sudden rise
is behind the person passing, the gradual descent in front of the person passing
through the turnstile. The turnstile arms when in a horizontal position work
over a plain surface develloping into an incline down which the arm lowers when
used for entering, and up which the arm rises when used for exit. The spindle of
the turnstile is connected and works a suitable registering apparatus which records
the number of times the turnstile has been used, and thereby the number of persons
that have passed through the turnstile.
In applying my turnstile to wheeled vehicles, such as omnibuses or tramway
cars, I prefer to use the turnstile in duplicate with short arms meeting or nearly
meeting in the centre of the doorway. The turnstile spindles may be geared to
rotate together, and one turnstile may be used to record the entrances and the other
to record the exits.
By using the turnstile according to my Invention for wheeled vehicles great
saving of space and weight is effected, and at the same time an effectual barrier is
provided which by its removal thoroughly checks and records all entrances and
exits.
It will be understood that my Invention is suitable to all places and for all
purposes to which a turnstile is applicable, and may be applied to accelerate the fall
of the arms as well as the rise.
The beforegoing being the nature, object, and purpose of my Invention, I will
now proceed to describe and illustrate how my Invention may be practically
applied, and to describe forms and apparatus suitable for carrying my Invention

page_text: into practice, and for that purpose I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings
illustrative thereof, which are marked with letters and figures of reference corre-
sponding with those in the following explanation, like letters and figures being
used to denote the same or corresponding parts throughout the various views and
Figures.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, shown partly in section, of a turnstile constructed
according to my Invention.
Figure 2 is an end elevation of one side of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a plan of one side of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a section at A, B, Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a modification of turnstile according to my Invention.
Figure 6 is a plan of Figure 5.
Upon reference to the Drawings it will be seen that my Invention relates to
certain improvements in double turnstiles where rising and falling - arms are
arranged to bar the doorway or entrance. A are the arms of the turnstile which
are hinged at C to the head B of the spindle D, which is free to rotate, being
carried by the brackets E and the footsteps F. These parts of my Invention are
old in principle, a like apparatus having formed the subject matter of Letters
Patent granted to John Liddington, No. 1094, A.D. 1872, and A. M. Wier, No. 182,
AD. 1873. The portion of the turnstile, illustrated at Figure 1, which constitutes
my Invention is the arrangement of parts whereby the rising arms of the arms A
of the turnstile are made to assume a horizontal position by a sudden upward move-
ment. This is effected by the cam or incline H being made to slide on the spindle D.
The cam H is operated by the hollow spindle J which slides upon the spindle D.
The equivalent to the hollow spindle J would be a rod (parallel to the spindle D)
but I prefer the hollow spindle J as more compact. The hollow spindle J is provided
with an anti friction roller K which works or runs upon the toothed cam L which
runs in the footstep F, and is keyed onto and revolves with the spindle D. The
hollow spindle J is held and guided by the guide bracket M. The teeth of the cam
or wheel L are so formed that the sides of each tooth have an abrupt or sharp incline
for suddenly rising the sliding spindle J and thereby lifting one turnstile arm A
into a horizontal position while the other turnstile arm is descending, or the teeth
of the cam L may be arranged so that one side of each side has an abrupt incline
for suddenly rising the cam H and thereby the turnstile arm into an easy position
to assume the horizontal, while the other side of the teeth of the wheel L has a
gradual descent for allowing the turnstile arm to gradually assume the vertical
position upon the lowering of the sliding spindle J and the cam H. I prefer that
the turnstile be so set that the sudden rise is behind the person passing through or
entering the vehicle or other place, and the gradual descent in front of the person
passing through or leaving the vehicle or other place. The turnstile arms A when
in a horizontal position work over and are supported by plane surface N, which
may develop into an incline down which the arm lowers or rises, as the case may
be. The sliding cam H is shown in the Drawings slotted out to work over the
plane surface N, but the sliding cam may be arranged to come outside of the plane
surface N so as to allow for such plane surface to develop into the incline before
mentioned. The spindles D of the turnstile are connected with and work suitable
registering apparatus, such as P, P, Figures 5 and 6, which record' the number of
times the turnstile has been used, one apparatus recording the entries and the other
the exits.
Although my improved turnstile may be used singly I prefer that it should be
used in duplicate, as shown at Figures 1, 5, the turnstile spindles D being
geared to work together by the toothed wheels S, S, and T, T. The cams Ū
are provided and fixed to the spindles D to work in connection with levers such
as V, which have their fulcrum at W and are held by a spring at X. The levers V
are provided with anti friction rollers Y which work on the cams U, their action
being normally to keep the spindles D in such a position that the arms of the
turnstile bar the entrance.

page_text: Referring to Figure 5, I have here illustrated an arrangement of fixed cam H
provided with a flat surface N, which cam may be used alone or in connection with
the sliding cam H shown at Figure 1. The cam shown at Figure 5 differs but
slightly from the arrangement of Liddington and Wier before referred to, although
the general arrangement of parts of the turnstile differ. The arms A are arranged
in the manner of a parallel ruler like Wier's, before mentioned.
Having now described my Invention, and illustrated and shown how the same
may be carried out into practical effect, what I claim as my Invention and secured
to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid is,-
Firstly. In a turnstile having rising and falling arms the use and application of
a sliding cam operated by the rotation of the turnstile to give the arms a sudden
upward or downward movement to enable them to assume or relinquish more
readily the requisite horizontal position, substantially as herein described.
Secondly. The arrangement of turnstile and parts connected therewith, substan-
tially as herein described and shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Thirdly. The arrangement of turnstile and parts connected therewith precisely
as herein described, and shown at Figure 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Miller, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
WILLIAM MILLER. (LS.)