Apparatus for Raising Liquids by Means of Compressed Air.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 19th Jan., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Raising Liquids by Means of Compressed Air.
I, FRIEDRICH MAURICE GRUMBACHER, of 26, Linkstrasse, Berlin, in the
Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for raising liquids of every description by
means of compressed air; alternate layers of liquid and air (each of a predetermined
thickness or depth) being forced upwards by the action of air under pressure
admitted into the rising tube and discharged at the top of such tube through a
suitable nozzle or spout.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a
vertical section of the upper part of the apparatus; Fig. 2 is a corresponding
section of one form of the lower part or suction chamber of the improved water
raising apparatus; and Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views of two modified forms of
the said suction chamber.
The arrangement resembles that of an artesian well, the rising tube a--which
also serves the purpose of the shaft of a well-being adapted to be driven into the
ground; it is closed at its top and provided thereabouts with a discharge nozzle or
spout c, Fig. 1. Within the tube a is fixed a force-pipe 6 of approximately the
same length as the said tube a, through which external air is forced under pressure.
In order to cause the said compressed air, as it leaves the force-pipe b, to move and
act in the upward direction, the lower end of the said pipe may be constructed in
various ways.
In the form shown in Fig. 3, the force-pipe is flared outwards around its lower
inner edge, by which construction the air under pressure is induced to issue from
the pipe in the direction indicated by arrows in Fig. 3, more especially owing to
the fact that the space below the rising tube or shaft a is closed on all sides, as
represented in Fig. 2.
A modified form of the lower end of the force-pipe is shown in Fig. 2. The
force-pipe 6 has a flaring lower end, as in the first instance, but here there is
provided at a certain distance from the orifice a hemispherical concave deflecting
plate of suitable size and metal d attached to the pipe 6 by means of braces e.
The direction in which the compressed air escapes from the said pipe b is here also
indicated by arrows.
Fig. 4 is a further modification in which the force-pipe is closed at the bottom
and provided with upwardly directed vent-holes or ports in its walls. In this
case the air leaves the pipe through these ports in the direction of the arrows.
All of these three arrangements are designed to give the same direction to the
air under pressure, and cause such air as it issues from the force-pipe to take an
upward course. Immediately on leaving the force-pipe the air expands and forms
columns somewhat like pistons or plungers in shape which force the volume of
liquid upwards. Owing, moreover, to the constant pressure of the escaping air the
water or other liquid receives its initial upward impulse or "start" in the lower
portion of the liquid-raising tube a, whence it is farther raised and eventually
discharged as stated.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for raising liquids by means of air under pressure, mainly
consisting of a liquid-raising tube a (adapted to be driven into the ground
somewhat like the shaft of an artesian well), closed at the top and provided with a
discharge nozzle or spout e, an internal force-pipe b fitted at the bottom with a con-
cave deflecting plate d or other equivalent device, for the purpose of imparting
upward motion to the air under pressure, and causing the liquid to ascend,
substantially as described.
2. The modification of the force-pipe b above referred to, wherein the lower end
or orifice of the said pipe is either flaring as shown in Fig. 3, or closed as illustrated
in Fig. 4; with upwardly directed vent-holes or ports in the pipe wall for the
upward escape of the air, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 18th day of December 1894.
J. C. CHAPMAN, C.P.A.,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Filing Agent.