or IMPROVED MODES AND MEANS FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Kendall and Ramsey Kendall, both of
Gateshead, in the County of Durham, for the Invention of "New or
IMPROVED MODES AND MEANS FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND APPARATUS
THEREFOR."
Sealed the 8th July 1873, and dated the 14th May 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Kendall and
Ramsey Kendall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 14th May 1873.
We, GEORGE KENDALL and RAMSEY KENDALL, both of Gateshead, in
the County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "NEW OR IMPROVED MODES AND MEANS FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND APPARATUS
THEREFOB," to be as follows:-
-
The object of this Invention is to afford means for economizing fuel,
and is more particularly applicable to ordinary fire-places, in such
manner that the ordinary fire-places may be used or adapted without
alteration, if desired, or in other words, that the Invention is with great
facility capable of being applied to the ordinary fire-places.

page_text: The Invention consists of an apparatus, which, when desired, is caused
to cover the surface of the fire-place, so that the fire is only visible
between the bars of the grate, while the products of combustion are
carried off by a flue at back to the chimney; at the same time, if
desired, the top of the fire may be opened or exposed to view as usual,
and the products of combustion pass off to the chimney in the ordinary
way.
A convenient manner of carrying the Invention into effect is as
follows: We provide a metal frame of such a size as to fit the fire-place
to which it is to be applied. The lower end or base is provided with
arms or brackets which are intended to support the whole structure, and
for this purpose are placed on the top bars of the grate. To one or to
both arms of the frame we hinge a flap or flaps, so that it or they may
be raised or lowered, as required or desired; when lowered the flap or
flaps closes or close the top of the grate. At or near the rear we have
an aperture in the frame leading to a flue at the back, which is in
communication with the chimney. The entrance to the flue is provided
with a damper in such manner that the aperture can be wholly or
partially closed, when required. A guard or guards or bafflers is or are
provided at or near the entrance of the flue to arrest or to partially
arrest and direct the passage of the products of combustion, as well as to
make the joint tight where the flap or flaps fall. At or near the upper
end of the frame we provide a damper or "register," which when open
gives access to the ordinary chimney, but when closed draught from the
chimney may be wholly excluded, if desired, although in some instances
it may be advisable to leave sufficient space for ventilation.
To use the economizer, the fire is lighted in grate, the flap or flaps
lowered, the damper to back flue opened, and the top damper closed, the
products of combustion then pass through the back flue and to the
chimney; the result is that almost any description of fuel can be burnt
in the grate, and very little smoke is produced.
To use the same apparatus with an open fire, we close the lower
damper, open the top damper or register, and raise the flap or flaps,
the top of the fire is then exposed to view, and the products of com-
bustion escape to the chimney in the ordinary way, as in an ordinary
stove.

page_text: Economizers or fire-places made in the manner before described may
be applied on or to the ordinary fire-grate, or they may be made and
fitted especially for the nurnose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Kendall and Ramsey Kendall in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 13th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
KENDALL and RAMSEY KENDALL, both of Gateshead, in the County of
Durham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said George Kendall and Ramsey
Kendall, Her special licence that we, the said George Kendall and
Ramsey Kendall, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said George Kendall and Ramsey Kendall, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"NEW OR IMPROVED MODES AND MEANS FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL AND APPARATTS
THEREFOR," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
George Kendall and Ramsey Kendall, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent,

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Kendall and Ramsey
Kendall, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawings forming a part of this Specification, that is 5
to say:
-
The object of this Invention is to afford means for economizing fuel,
and is more particularly applicable to ordinary fire-places, in such
manner that the ordinary fire-places may be used or adapted without
alteration, if desired, or in other words, that the Invention is with great 1
facility capable of being applied to the ordinary fire-places.
The Invention consists of an apparatus, which, when desired, is caused
to cover the surface of the fire-place, so that the fire is only visible
between the bars of the grate, while the products of combustion are
carried off by a flue at back to the chimney; at the same time, if 1
desired, the top of the fire may be open or exposed to view as usual,
and the products of combustion pass off to the chimney in the ordinary
way.
A convenient manner of carrying the Invention into effect is as
follows: We provide a metal frame of such a size as to fit the fire-place
to which it is to be applied. The lower end or base is provided with
arms or brackets which are intended to support the whole structure, and
for this purpose are placed on the top bars of the grate. To one or to
both arms of the frame we hinge a flap or flaps, so that it or they may
be raised or lowered, as required or desired; when lowered the flap or
flaps closes or close the top of the grate. At or near the rear we have
an aperture in the frame leading to a flue at the back, which is in
communication with the chimney. The entrance to the flue is provided
with a damper in such manner that the aperture can be wholly or
partially closed, when required. A guard or guards or bafflers is or are
provided at or near the entrance of the flue to arrest or to partially
arrest and direct the passage of the products of combustion, as well as to
make the joint tight where the flaps fall. At or near the upper end of
the frame we provide a damper or "register," which when open gives
access to the ordinary chimney, but when closed draught from the
chimney may be wholly excluded, if desired, although in some instances
it may be advisable to leave sufficient space for ventilation.

page_text: The accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in which our
Invention may be conveniently carried into effect, similar letters of
reference referring to like parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 is a front elevation; Figure 2 is a vertical section; and
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of apparatus constructed according to
one arrangement of our Invention. a is the metal frame fitting the
fire-place; b, b, are the arms or brackets supporting the frame a; c is
the flap or cover for closing the top of fire-place when required; d is fluo
in communication with chimney; &, damper in same; 9 is the register
or damper at the upper part of apparatus; it may be made to open
inwards or outwards, as found most convenient, and be secured in
position by any suitable approved means.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of similar apparatus, shewing the
flap c made in two parts instead of in one part, as in the previous
Figures.
Figure 5 is a section of another arrangement of apparatus according
to our Invention, showing the application of a guard or baffler for
arresting and directing the passage of the products of combustion;
Figure 6 is a horizontal section of same. fis the baffler.
To use the economizer, the fire is lighted in grate, the flap or flaps c
are lowered, the damper d¹ to back flue opened, and the top damper g
closed or nearly so; the products of combustion then pass through the
back flue d, and thence to the chimney; the result is that almost any
description of fuel can be burnt in the grate, and very little smoke is
produced.
To use the same apparatus with an open fire, we open the top dampor
or register g, and raise the flap or flaps c, as shewn by the dotted lines in
Figure 1; the top of the fire is then exposed to view as in ordinary fire-
places, and the products of combustion escape to the chimney as in
ordinary stove.
Economizers or fire-places made in the manner before described may
be applied in or to the ordinary fire-grates, or they may be made and
fitted especially for the purpose.
Sometimes the additional flue before referred to may be dispensed
with, and the products of combustion are then led directly into the
ordinary chimney flue.

page_text: Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we do not limit
ourselves to the precise arrangements described for carrying our Invention
into effect, provided the essential features thereof are retained, for
example, we do not consider it essential to our Invention that the guard
or baffler for arresting and directing the products of combustion should
always be employed, in many cases in fact we dispense with it altogether,
but we claim as our new or improved modes and means for economizing
fuel and apparatus therefor, the construction and employment of
apparatus consisting of a frame fitting the fire-place, with flap or cover
for closing up or for partially closing up the top of the fire when
required, the unconsumed products of combustion being carried off by a
flue communicating with the ordinary chimney, and in the employment, if
desired, of a baffler or guard in combination with the apparatus aforesaid,
while at the same time the fire-place is capable of being used, if desired,
in the ordinary way, all substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Kendall and Ramsey
Kendall, have hercunto set our hands and seals, the Eleventh
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-three.