AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS FOR SCREWED BOLTS, AND IN MACHINERY TO BE EMOZAVEN IN mun CAID MADRI MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN MUNCAT MANUFACTURE
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Groom Grice, of West Bromwich, in the
County of Stafford, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS FOR SCREWED BOLTS, AND IN
MACHINERY TO BE EMOZAVEN IN mun CAID MADRI
MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN MUNCAT
MANUFACTURE."
Sealed the 12th December 1862, and dated the 14th October 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Groom Grice
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th October 1862.
I, FREDERIC GROOM GRICE, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS FOR SCREWED
BOLTS, AND IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing nuts for screwed bolts at one heat,
that is to say, by taking nut iron direct from the rolls and subjecting it
without re-heating to the treatment proper to convert it into nuts. By my
Invention the deterioration in the quality of the iron caused by re-heating is
prevented, and the nuts are produced of a uniform thickness.
In carrying my Invention into effect, I roll iron of the proper shape and
size in suitably constructed rolls, and as the heated and shaped iron comes

page_text: from the rolls I cut it into short lengths by means of a circular saw or by a
pair of shears, the said lengths being of such a size as to enable the workman
to hold them easily with a pair of tongs. I feed these short lengths of nut
iron into a machine or machines working at a quick speed, the said machines
cutting off the nuts from the nut iron and shaping and punching the nuts
while the iron retains sufficient heat for those purposes. The machine or
machines which I employ for converting the nut iron into nuts have essentially
the same construction and action as ordinary machines, but the parts are made
to work with a quicker speed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederic Groom Grice in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th April 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
GROOM GRICE, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me
the said Frederic Groom Grice, Her special licence that I, the said Frederic
Groom Grice, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Frederic Groom Grice, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NUTS FOR SCREWED
BOLTS, AND IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederic Groom Grice, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to bo
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Groom Grice, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing nuts for screwed bolts at one heat,
that is to say, by taking nut iron direct from the rolls and subjecting it without
re-heating to the treatment proper to convert it into nuts. By my Invention
the deterioration in the quality of the iron caused by re-heating is prevented,
and the nuts are produced of a uniform thickness.
In carrying my Invention into effect, I roll iron of the proper shape and
size in suitably constructed rolls, and as the heated and shaped iron comes from
the rolls I cut it into short lengths by means of a circular saw or by a pair
of shears, the said lengths being of such a size as to enable the workman to
hold them easily with a pair of tongs. I feed these short lengths of nut iron
into a machine or machines working at a quick speed, the said machines cutting
off the nuts from the nut iron and shaping and punching the nuts while the
iron retains sufficient heat for those purposes. The machine or machines
which I employ for converting the nut iron into nuts have essentially the same
construction and action as ordinary machines, but the parts are made to work
with a quicker speed.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to describe,
with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
:
Figure 1 represents in plan the arrangement of machinery which I employ
in carrying my Invention into effect, and Figure 2 is a transverse vertical
section of a portion of the same taken through the line a of Figure 1 ; Figure 3
represents detached portions of the same as herein-after explained. The same
letters indicate the same parts in each Figure.
b, c, are the rolls by which the bars of iron to be made into nuts are rolled,
the said rolls being provided with grooves for the rolling of bars of iron from
which square nuts are to be made, and also with grooves for rolling bars from
which hexagonal nuts are to be made. The rolls b, c, are driven by a steam
engine, the crank.d and cylinder e of which are represented in the plan,
Figure 1; or the rolls b, c, may be driven in any other convenient manner.
f is a clutch box by which the axis g of the upper roll can be thrown
into and out of gear with the axis h on which the crank d is situated.
A toothed wheel i on the axis h, gears with a pinion k on the axis 1. The
said axis carries a pulley, a band n from which drives à pulley o on the

page_text: axis p, tho said axis p carrying the circular saw g. On the base plate,
which carries two of the standards in which the shaft p works, a
short tramways is made. On the said tramway a carriage passing under the
shaft p runs. A heated bar of iron is taken from the heating furnace, and is
passed through the rolls b, c, first through the plain grooves in the said rolls,
and afterwards if hexagonal nuts are to be made, through those grooves of the
rolls the bottoms of which are angular. The heated iron is passed into the
rolls at the side 't and is delivered at the side u, where it is taken hold of by
the workman with a pair of tongs. The said iron is placed on the carriage on
the tramways (the said carriage is not shewn in the Drawing,) and is brought
against the circular saw gat v; the said bar is thus divided, one part being
on the carriage and the other held by the workman. Instead of employing a
circular saw, the iron may be divided by shears or rolled in suitable lengths.
The iron on the carriage is conveyed to a machine in which it is to be con-
verted into nuts, while the part held by the workman is supplied to another
machine in which it is to be converted into nuts. The processes described of
rolling and sawing or shearing are performed so quickly that the bars retain
sufficient heat to be formed into nuts without the re-heating which is necessary
in the ordinary manufacture. It is convenient to roll the bars of iron in
lengths of about four feet, and to divide them by the circular saw or shears
into lengths of about two feet, but the bar may be divided into other lengths
which may be found convenient. When making hexagonal nuts, I pass the
plain bar into the grooves in the rolls b, c, having angular bottoms, by means
of a guide, and also receive the bar after it passes from the rolls in a guide, as
best seen in the section Figure 2, and detached views of the said guides in
Figure 3. The guide w consists of three plates bolted together so as to form
a trough, the side and bottom plates being shaped at the ends presented to the
rolls in a manner which will be understood by an examination of Figure 3, so
as to confine the iron to the grooves of the rolls, and prevent it spreading either
laterally or downwards. The guide consists of four plates bolted together,
so as to form a rectangular channel, into which the bar enters immediately it
leaves the rolls b, c. The plates forming the guide x are shaped at those ends
presented to the rolls in the manner which will be understood by an examination
of Figure 3, so as to confine the iron to the grooves of the rolls, and to prevent
it spreading laterally or vertically. For converting the heated nut iron into nuts,
I employ machines of the ordinary construction and action, but I work them at
a quicker speed than that at which they are ordinarily worked in order that the
bar of nut iron may be wholly converted into nuts while it retains sufficient heat.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as tho
same may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention, but
I claim as my Invention.
Firstly, the improvement in the manufacture of nuts for screwed bolts
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that
is to say, manufacturing the said nuts at one heat by taking nut iron direct
from the rolls and subjecting it without re-heating to the action of the machine
or machines by which it is to be converted into nuts, the said heated nut iron
being by preference divided into short lengths by a circular saw or by shears
after it leaves the rolls and before it is supplied to the said machine or machines.
Secondly, the general construction and arrangement of machinery for tho
manufacture of nuts for screwed bolts herein-beforo described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Groom Grice, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
FREDERIC GROOM GRICE. (L.S.)