Improvements in Apparatus for Supplying Liquid Fuel to Burners.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1895-Accepted, 4th May, 1895
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Supplying Liquid Fuel to Burners.
We, SAMUEL TURNER, of 202 West 84th Street, in the City and County of
New York, in the State of New York, United States of America, Printer, and
CORA LOUISE TURNER, of 3 Montague Terrace, in the City of Brooklyn, in the
County of Kings and State of New York, United States of America, Professor of
Modern Languages, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for supplying liquid fuel to
a burner in which provision is made for exerting a temporary or auxiliary return
pressure upon the liquid fuel in proximity to the burner when, from any cause, it
has been momentarily driven back to a greater or lesser extent from the burner,
thereby rendering the flame steady and permanent.
In connection with such auxiliary return pressure device, have also shown means
for feeding water to the burner by the pressure of a liquid hydrocarbon, means for
flushing the hydrocarbon feed pipe and an automatic check for preventing back
pressure upon the liquid hydrocarbon in the reservoir and feed pipe leading
therefrom.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure
section,
represents the apparatus in side elevation, partly in vertical
Figure 2 is a similar view with the water reservoir and feed pipe omitted, and
Figure 3 is a view in detail of the hydrocarbon reservoir, showing a different
arrangement of the vent for flushing the feed pipe.
Referring to Figure 1, A represents some suitable means for retaining a body of
liquid hydrocarbon, in the present instance a rectangular shaped tank supported
upon a bracket B adapted to be raised and lowered to increase or diminish the
head under which the liquid hydrocarbon is fed. C represents any suitable
support for the bracket B and the tank A.
A feed pipe leads from the tank A to a coupling d where it is joined by a
pipe E leading from a water tank H, in the present instance fixed to the
support C and provided with suitable filling and discharge pipes h, h¹ and h³.
From the coupling d a pipe leads to a coil F, terminating in a burner f beneath
the coil, the said burner being provided with a nipple f¹. At d¹ there is a check
valve in the pipe D to prevent back pressure on the liquid hydrocarbon within the
said pipe and there is also a stop cock d* near the bottom of the reservoir A.
A vent pipe I leads from a point at or below the stop cock to a point above the
surface of the liquid within the tank A. Said vent pipe may be located outside
of the tank A, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, or within it, as shown in Figure 3.
Referring to Figure 2, the hydrocarbon tank is denoted by A', the oil feed pipe
by D, the check valve by ds and the coil above the burner by F'. The vent
pipe is here denoted by land in Figure 3 by 12. The stop cock for cutting off
the supply of liquid hydrocarbon from the feed pipe D₁ is here denoted by dt. In
Figure 1 the heater, provided with refractory material to be rendered incandescent
by the flame, is denoted by G and in Figure 2 by G. In the form shown in

page_text: "
Figure 2 where the water supply is omitted, the flange at the burner is yellowish
white in color and may serve either for purposes of heating, as shown, or for
purposes of lighting as may be found desirable.
In both of the arrangements shown in Figures 1 and 2, there is provided a
return pressure chamber, shown in the present instance as of globular form and
denoted by K in Figure 1 and K' in Figure 2.
connected by a pipe k or k¹ with the feed
conveniently by means of the coupling d.
a stop cock, denoted respectively by
is provided with a discharge cock k*.
This chamber K or K' is
pipe, preferably near the coil For F',
These pipes are each provided with
and the return pressure chamber K or K¹
In operation, the oil alone or the oil and water mingled together, is or are forced
to the burner by the pressure of the liquid hydrocarbon, either under gravity;
or artificial pressure upon the coil in the tank might be employed. The inlet and
outlet pipes in connection with the water tank H are both tightly closed when the
burner is in operation, so that a portion of the hydrocarbon creeps back along the
pipe E and, rising upwardly through the liquid within the tank H, exerts a pressure
upon the top of the water in that tank to feed it, together with the liquid hydro-
carbon, to the burner.
A portion of the hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon and water, as the case may be,
gathers within the pipe k¹ork and tends to compress the air within the return
pressure chamber Kor K. When from any cause there is a sudden expansion of
gases within the coil F which would tend to make the flame puff and send back
the fuel from the coil, it will close the check valve in the feed pipe D' or D and
its effect will be felt along the pipe ¹ or k, discharging a small quantity of oil or
mingled oil and water into the return pressure chamber and at the same time
further compressing the air therein. The moment the sudden expansion of gas
ceases, the compressed air within the return pressure chamber will force the liquid
fuel again into the coil F regardless of the time required for the check valve in
the feed pipe to open and will thereby not only form a relief for the sudden
pressure which takes place within the coil but a quick response after the sudden
expansion takes place to keep the feed and the pressure of the fuel within the coil
constant.
The vent pipes I, 11, 12 serve the purpose of flushing the feed pipes with the
liquid hydrocarbon in starting the apparatus and during its operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. Means for containing a body of liquid hydrocarbon under head or pressure,
means for feeding the said hydrocarbon to a burner and a return pressure chamber
in connection with said feeding means, substantially as set forth.
2. Means for containing a body of water, means for containing a body of liquid
hydrocarbon under head or pressure, means for transmitting pressure upon the
water through the medium of the liquid hydrocarbon and means for bringing the
two liquids into intimate contact in their passage to the burner, substantially as
set forth.
3. Means for containing a body of water, means for containing a body of liquid
hydrocarbon under head or pressure, means for transmitting pressure upon the
water through the medium of the liquid hydrocarbon and a return pressure
chamber in communication with said means for bringing the liquid into intimate
contact, substantially as set forth.
4. Means for containing a body of liquid hydrocarbon, a pipe for feeding the
said liquid hydrocarbon to a burner and vent pipe in connection with said feed pipe
for flushing it, substantially as set forth.
5. Means for containing a body of liquid hydrocarbon, a feed pipe for feeding
the liquid hydrocarbon to a burner, a check valve in said feed pipe, and a return

page_text: pressure chamber in communication with said pipe between the check valve and
the burner, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of April 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.