Improvements connected with the Making of Bricks, and in Appliances therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1896-Accepted, 22nd Aug., 1893
· PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with the Making of Bricks, and in
Appliances therefor.
1, JOHN ABRAHAM NOEL, of 1 Romilly Road, Cardiff, Glamorganshire, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
-
This invention relates more particularly to the making of what are known
as silica stone firebricks ie. those composed of stone admixed with lime water
to make a plastic body capable of being moulded to the desired shape then pressed
to cause the superfluous water to escapo and to compress the particles into contact
previously to being dried and burnt but same process is equally applicable to any
other kind of brick.or block.
According to the ordinary method of making silica stone firebricks, they are
moulded by hand in a cast mould consisting of fixed side and end walls and
a partition in one casting, two bricks being moulded at the same timo but in some
cases they are also moulded one at a time on flat or on edge.
These moulds are placed upon a loose bottom plate and filled, the mould and plate
are then placed under two fixed pallets, against which the plastic body only comes
into contact. An upward pressure is then exerted, and after pressing, the mould
is lifted clear of the plastic bodies. The bottom plate with the so far inade bricks
are then removed for drying, a fresh bottom plate being used. for each sucecoding
operation.
Now the object of my invention is to overcome certain objections anil inconvonionces
attending the above in the case of dual moulding by casting the partition plate in a
piece with the bottom plate, and in grooving the end walls of the mould for the
partition to slide in, the seam being so arranged that each moulded brick is left
intact at its edges. The bottom plate with the partition when reversed together
with the mould by placing them upon the drying floor direct or upon boards
or similar plates as usually used can be lifted out entirely or only partially raised
to allow bricks to release themselves, so that I reduce the number of bottoin plates
required in the case of bricks being dried direct on the floor and expedite the
operation, also retain the original shape of the bricks, or I make the sides and ends
of the mould capable of moving and thus increase its size and romovable with the
bottom plate at one operation, that is to say, the sides and ends of the moulds are
arranged so as to be released from contact with the bricks in lieu of the dividing
plate as before named both kinds of moulds may be used for being filled by hand or
machine.
My device of expanding sided and ended moulds are available for a press head
having upward motion for pressure by links from a press rod, said links being
connected with or capable of being linked to the mould plates by toggles or levers
in such manner that they not only close the walls of the mould up, but the rod can
be further utilised fur giving the upward pressure. These moulds may be portable
and the bricks carried away in them to the floor or the moulds may be affixed to a
table and the bricks taken from them to the floor, in such case the sides and ends
would change from vertical to horizontal position and thus allow of free withdrawal
of bricks.

page_text: This last arrangement of mould box enables devices, patterns, or marks to be cast
in or on the sides of the bricks, a system not heretofore applicable.
I intend to mould my bricks by machine but I do not limit myself to machines for
the purpose. If I use a machine, I construct it of a barrel containing mixing,
propelling, and pressing appliances to feed, the end of which has say two apertures
for the material to pass through into moulds arranged in proximity or preferably in
a disc fitted to the cylinder or barrel. This disc has, say four pockets for the
reception of say two moulds alternately arranged from diametrically opposite
portions, so that while two filled moulds are being removed, the other two would be
filling.
By constructing and employing the press previously referred to, the density and
cubical contents of the bricks when finished can be ensured.
The chief objects aimed at by these devices are :-
1. Filling of moulds by machine pressure in lieu of hand.
2. A form of mould that allows of bricks of soft consistenoy being borne from
either hand-moulding table or a filling machine to drying surfaces without loss
of shape.
3. A form of mould that allows of forming a brick true shaped and devioed at its
surfaces, filled by a machine in a plastic state, and not necessitating any further
pressing, as usually.
4. A form of press mould that allows of rapid pressing and abstraction of bricks,
with or without side or end surface devices, such bricks liaving been first made by
hand or usually used machines.
Dated this 21st day of October 1805
R. CORE GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said John Abraham Noel.
Improvements connected with the Making of Bricks, and in
Appliances therefor.
1, JOHN ABRAHAM NOEL, of 1 Romilly Road, Cardiff, Glamorganshire, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates more particularly to the making of what are known as
silica stone firebricks, i.e. those composed of stone admixed with lime water to make
a plastic body capable of being moulded to the desired shape then pressed to cause
the superfluous water to escape and to compress the particles into contact previously
to being dried and burnt but same process is equally applicable to any other kind
of brick or block.
or
The invention as hereinafter described refers to the manufacture of bricks and
blocks, the materials of which are of necessity of too soft consistency to stand
baudling unless by being carried off directly on plates, upon which plates the bricks
remain to dry upon. In order to facilitate the making of such bricks, I use moulds
which may be filled by hand or by any kind of machine for such purpose, these
moulds being so made and constructed that the bricks after being filled are carried
off to the drying floor and are there placed, said inoulds being withdrawn from the
bricks, thus leaving the bricks in a perfect shapely state upon the drying floor
direct, and by such method I am enabled to more rapidly dry the goods and also
'produce them of a true and perfect shape.
The usual method of dealing with similar material goods I have named is to

page_text: mould them by placing the moulds upon plates where they are filled and at that
place remove the moulds, leaving the bricks to be carried off and dried on tho said
plates, this method not admitting of a trao form and also needing a longer time
for drying owing to the plates necessarily being between the hot floor and the
brick.
"
Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings show one kind of mould which I use to
carry off with and release brick from on to the drying floor, it is simply a box or
mould with ends A, A, and sides B, B, the ends at C, C, having rebates in which
the dividing plato D slides, this dividing plate being in one piece with the bottom E.
Now after filling this mould, it is taken to drying floor and thero placed with its
open face to the floor and the bottom E uppermost, and after this is done the
bottom E and slide D is raised, thus freeing the bricks of two contact surfaces and
on then raising the moulds the bricks are left deposited on the floor to exactly the
shape of the mould.
In some cases, I also produce release of the bricks as before named by forming
the mould, as in dotted lines Figure 3, where the mould would be simply a box
with two ends A, A, and two sides B, B; in this box the bottom E would enter,
this bottom having also cast upon it the two ends A. and centre plate D and when
mould is placed with bottom uppermost this plate D is raised and the mould
afterwards.
•
1 also use a mould as in Figures 4 and 5 where the ends A, tho aidos B, B, and
the bottom of mould is cast in one piece, the bottom being formed to allow the
release alide to rise and fall through same.
On these figures, the open face is underneath and the release slide as shown at
Figure 5 this passing through the slots at bottom of mould. This mould has the
advantage of dealing with materials that are more plastic in nature than usual.
Where the material admite, I also use moulds as in Figures 6 and 7 where the
bottom and centre slide is in one piece and to which are affixed movable ends A
and movable sides 13 as shown, the ends and sides being secured to the bottom
either on hinges or rigidly with a spring tending to open outwardly, theso ends and
sides are held together closed until the brick has to bo released.
It will therefore be clear that tho described moulds are simply designed to
produce better formied goods by reason of them being carried in the mould they
are made in, and also by releasing the contact surfaces after the brick has got its
bearing on the floor, these moulds allowing of a rough means of transit, and the
method is devised also for purpose of rapid drying. Although these types of
moulds are shown and described it is found in some cases that all or part of tho
surfaces require removing, that is to say, the ends only in cases may be movable
and nothing else, in others the sides only, they also apply to moulds where one
brick only is made at one time.
In the case of the moulds with movable bottoms, Figure 2, and also the ones
with movable sides and cuds Figures 6 and 7 theso may after filling receive n
pressing up by forcing the surfaces in slightly. For this purpose and as shown in
Figure 8, I place the brick approximately in position, then actunto rod Fand
cause the sides and ends of box to alose around, as at G, I then raise H towards I,
this form of press allows of a design in relief or otherwise being formed on all
Inces of the article if needed.
For filling the moulds mechanically, I employ an ordinary barrel J, as at
Figure 9 of the drawings, this contains mixing knives_and_on_expressing surew,
under or facing which I arrange a two chambered disc plate K, Figure 10, through
which the clay or other material is forced into two chambers of a four chambered
box L Figure 11 into two opposite chambers of which the moulds before referred
to are placed. When these are filled by their position being directly under the
openings in the disc K, the box L with the other moulds is turned a quarter round
for the other two moulds to be filled, the former filled moulds being removed and
fresh empty ones put in their places will keep up an intermittent filling and removal
operation.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what mannor the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
-claim is :-
1. The improvements in brick making and like moulds as hereinbefore described,
CODsisting of movable bottoms with partitions for facilitating the release of the
moulded bodies from the moulds without disfiguring or breaking away the corners
or edges while transferring them to the drying floor, as set forth with reference to
Figures 1, 2 and the modification Figure 3 shown on the annexed drawings.
2. In brick and like moulds, so making the box and bottom as une structure,
and the partition and ends as another body but for use together as a mould and for
-detachment when the moulded bodies have to be released as and for the purpose
described with reference to Figures 4 and 5 of the annexed drawings.
3. In brick making moulds, joining the ends and sides to a bottom having
partition as and for the purpose set forth with regard to Figures 6 and 7 of the
annexed drawings.
4. The arrangement of fold flaps with mechanical motion from a rod whereby
not only the flaps for imprints but the base on which a moulded brick is laid can
be raised as indicated by Figure 8 of the annexed drawings for the purpose set
forth.
6. The mechanical filling of moulds from the disc K Figures 9 and 10 into
oppositely arranged moulds of the foregoing kind or kinds in a plate Figure 11 in
.intermittent order for simultaneous filling and removal as set forth.
Dated 01 Jom of T_1_ 100e
R. CORE GARDNER,
Patent Agent; 166 Fleet Street, London,
Agent for J. A. Nuel.