CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTIFICIAL MANURE
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Daniels, of Leigh, in the County of Lan-
caster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
ARTIFICIAL MANURE,"
Scaled the 13th January 1863, and dated the 22nd July 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Daniels at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his l'etition, on the 22nd
July 1862.
I, JOSEPHI DANIELS, of Leigh, in the County of Lancaster, Manure Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Iuvention for "CERTAIN IM-
PROVEMENTS IN ARTIFICIAL MANURE," to be as follows :-
My Invention consists in grinding raw or unboiled bones for the purpose of
producing a manure more rapidly beneficial to land than when such bonesare
cut or rasped. When bones are ground the manuring properties thereof are
expressed and brought to the surface, and in such state are more readily
mixed with the land but when cut or rasped, it requires a considerable time
to impregnate the land with the manure.
:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Daniels in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th January 1503.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS, SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
DANIELS, of Leigh, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
ine, the said Joseph Daniels, Her special license that I, the said Josephi
Daniels, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Daniels, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for" CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARTIFICIAL MANURE," upon the condition, ainongst others,
that I, the said Joseph Daniels, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and scal, should. particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Daniels, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):—
My Invention consists in grinding raw or unboiled bones for the purpose of
producing a manure more rapidly beneficial to land than when such bones are
cut or rasped. When bones are ground the manuring properties thereof arc
expressed and brought to the surface, and in such state are more readily
inixed with land, but when cut or rasped it requires a considerable time to
impregnate the land with the manure.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto, attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of
about two inches and a half to the foot, and illustrative of one of the methods,
I employ to grind, crush, or pulverize the raw bones in such a manner as to
express the manuring properties therefrom, and bring them to the surface.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a machine wherein stones or heavy revol-
ving crushing weights are employed, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.
In Fig. 1 a, a, is the main vertical driving shaft which receives motion from
the driving power by meaus of the bevil wheel b, and is supported and revolves
upon the step or bearing c. The raw bones required to be reduced by crushing,
grinding, or pulverizing, are placed in the receptacle d which is provided with
excavations or other equivalent, to hold or retain any large bones or
accumulation of bones whilst the revolving stones or rollers c, e, pass over and
crush them, and without which the bones would become wedged beneath the
rollers and they would slip round without crushing the bones. The boss fon
the vertical shaft and the cross shaft or roller axis are so arranged (as seen
in Fig. 2) that the rollers may rise should steps or other elevations be employed
instead of excavations. I would remark that it has hitherto been usual to
reduce bones both raw and boiled by means of rasping, chipping, or cutting,
but by such method the animal matters and manuring properties remain
within the bone and the effect of the manure is not so immediately beneficial
to the landas when the said properties and matters are expressed and brought
to the surface by crushing, grinding, or pulverizing.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood, that I claim grinding, crushing, or pulverizing raw or unboiled
bones for the purpose of expressing the manuring properties therefrom and
bringing them to the surface and thereby producing an artificial manure more
rapidly beneficial to the land as herein-before described, set forth, and fully
illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Daniels, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JOSEPH DANIELS × his mark. (L.S.)
Witnessed by,
Jso. L. DAVIES,
Office for Patents,
4, St. Ann's Square,
Manchester.