IMPROVEMENTS IN TURBINES USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank William Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TURBINES USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR." A communication from abroad by Jean Joseph
Delori, of Snacskerke, near Chistelles, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank William Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th July 1881.
FRANK WILLIAM HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TURBINES USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR." A communication
from abroad by Jean Joseph Delori, of Snaeskerke, near Ghistelles, in the Kingdom
of Belgium.
The Invention relates to improvements in turbines used in the manufacture of
sugar, and consists in the introduction of dry steam into the slaking basket of a
closed turbine, and is also applicable to overshot turbines. The Invention is
performed by means of a tube terminating in the upper annular space of a conc
into which the steam is lead, and wherefrom it passes into a second superposed
cone, which is provided with orifices or openings, through which the steam passes
into the slaking-basket completely dry. In fact, the water drawn into the first
cone is projected on the bottom of the basket, and also the condensed water forined
on the inner and outer cone, the water being ejected from the basket through
convenient openings.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frank William Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th January 1882.
FRANK WILLIAM HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, Civil Engineer. “IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TURBINES USED IN THE. MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR." A communication
from abroad by Jean Joseph Delori, of Snaeskerke, near Ghistelles, in the Kingdom
of Belgium.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a horizontal section on two
different planes of a turbine embodying this Invention. The half sections, Fig. 2,
are taken through the planes A B, and C D, of Fig. 1.
The casing of the turbine, whatever shape it may have, is shut by an angle
iron a a, or a sheet of metal suitably bent. It must be well dressed below and
partly above. This angle-iron is placed as close to the basket as the good con-
struction and the maintenance of the turbine will allow. Four brackets S, S, are
arranged in such a manner as to admit of the angle-iron following the downward
motion of the basket, which takes place in consequence of the wear of the step-
bearing. The rear portion R of the basket is shut by a fixed sheet or plate CD
bolted to the angle-iron.
The movable plate ef, the lower face of which is dressed, shuts the front portion.
The joint is steam tight owing to the pressure plate G and three keys. The beam
passes through these plates with slight friction. The erection of the apparatus is
easy and perfect owing to the counter-plate G being made in two parts bolted to
the plates CD and ef
The conus of the turbine has the shape m, n, o, p. It is rivetted on the bottom,
and its upper part is level with the counter-plate G.
A second or internal conus
, v, t, u, narrower than the former, is arranged in the first conus, so as to reach a
few centimetres above the bottom of the basket and below the eight openings o, 0,
applied in the outer cone. These openings are covered with perforated copper or
brass plates. The circumference of these openings forms a spout for the condensed
water, which is thereby prevented from entering the basket. A steam tube v, i, x,
is fixed on one side to the cock, and on the other to the fixed plate CD. It
terminates in v on the top of the inner cone. A thermometer is secured to the
plate CD. The water carried off and the condensed water accumulate at the
bottom of the basket, and run off through openings in the inner circumference m, p.
The apparatus is used as follows:-
:-
The turbine is filled in the ordinary manner. The boiled mass may be cleared
or not; in the latter case the produce is greater, but the operation lasts somewhat
longer. Steam is admitted into the cone r, v, t, u, immediately after the turbine
has been filled and shut.
The water carried with it is thrown to the bottom, and the water condensed on
the inner cone is thrown on the outer cone, where it joins the water produced on
this cone and escapes with the same through the openings provided for this purpose
in the bottom of the basket. The steam separated from the drops of water rises
very slowly on account of the large annular surface between the two cones, and it
passes through the openings into the basket of the turbine.
These openings could be omitted and the dry steam allowed to escape through
an annular space between the two cylindric parts, which would in this case form
the end of the filling cone, but the application of openings has given better results.
Notwithstanding this I reserve to myself the substitution of an annular space, such
as described for the openings for the escape of the steam.

page_text: FRANK W. HADDAN. (L.S.)