Improvements in Joints for Uniting Metal Parts of Machines and other Structures.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1893-Accepted, 1st Apr., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints for Uniting Metal Parts of Machines and
other Structures.
We, ALBERT WASHINGTON KIRSOR-KING, of 442 South Wood Street, in the
City of Chicago, County of Cook, State of Illinois, United States of America,
Manufacturer, and CHARLES EDWIN FUNK, of 239 North State Street in the same
City, Manufacturer, do hereby declaro the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to provide a joint uniting the metal parts of
machines and other structures, which combines with the strength of a brazed or
welded joint the detachability of a union by screwing.
In constructing many machines it is necessary to secure a tube, rod, bar or
similar part to another part, and among modes of joining such parts brazing and
screwing are most frequently employed. If it bo desired that the joint shall be
permanent or the parts undetachable, they are usually brazed, but if it be desired
that the parts be detachable they are more commonly united by a screw joint. The
brazed joint is preferable to the screw joint of the usual construction because it is
stronger and not apt to loosen with wear, but, on the other hand, it is more
oxpensive than the screw joint and of course is not permissible when the parts are
to be separable at pleasure. By the present invention the desirable features of
both these forms of joints are secured, or, in other words, the joint has the strength
and security of a brazed joint aud the detachability and cheapness of the screw
joint.
Describing the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 of said drawings represents a tube joined to a bar, sleeve or other part
admitting the formation of a hole through it to receive the tube.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of all but the outermost member of Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a modification of Figure 1.
Figure 4 shows the joint employed to unite a tubo with a socketed member of a
structure.
Figure 5 is a modification of Figure 4.
Figure 6 illustrates the joint applied to the connection of two tubes with each
other, end to end, and to an external sleeve or other member having an opening
through it.
Figure 7 shows another modification of the joint in which the tube is tapered at
its end and the socket in its fellow member is correspondingly tapered, thus dispensing
with the bushing.
A represents a tube or a member having a tubular portion and B a member
either socketed or apertured to singly admit the tube. The tube A is preferably
split lengthwise, as shown at a, for the purpose of permitting its more free
expansion within the member B. C is a conical wedge within the tube A by
which the inclosed end of said tube may be expanded in the member B, D being
a screw bolt, having a nut D', for forcibly operating the wedge for this purpose.
When the inserted end or part of the tube to be expanded is cylindrical, as
shown in all the figures excepting Figure 7, a cylindro-conical bushing E, having a
longitudinal slit e dividing it on one side from end to end, is employed, to embrace
the wedge and to bear outwardly against the inner surface of the tube, so that by
forcing the wedge C lengthwise in the direction of its smaller end, the split bushing
will be expanded and will cause the tube to be correspondingly expanded within
the membor B. But if the socket in said member B and the insorted portion of
the tube A bo tapered, as shown in Figure 7, the wedge O may act directly against

page_text: the tube without the intervention of the split cylindro-conical bushing, and the latter
may therefore be omitted.
In Figure 1 of the drawing the screw bolt D is shown integral with the conical
wedge C, and between its nut and the adjacent surfaces of the member B and
bushing E is interposed a washer d which takes the pressure of said nut while the
latter is being turned to draw the wedge and to expand the bushing and tube
within said member B. In Figure 3 the wedge C is interiorly screw-threaded aud
the bolt or screw D is also sorew-threaded to fit the latter, its head being brond
enough to extend over the members B.and E.and to obviate the need of an
interposed washer. In Figure .4 the member B has a cylindrical socket or recess
instead of a through opening or aperture to receive the end of the tube, and
the wedge C is interiorly threaded as in Figure 3 to receive a suitable_bolt_or
screw the lead of which bears against the end of the split bushing E and is
reached by a screw driver or other suitable implement through the tube A. Figure 5
differs from Figure 4 only in having the bolt. D extended through an unthreaded
orifice in the wedge C and tapped into the member B.
In Figure 6 two tubes AA are inserted from opposite ends into a through
opening in the sleeve or member B, and a double bushing is employed consisting
essentially of two bushings like that of either of the preceding figures formed of a
single piece with their conical interiors arranged with their smaller ends toward
each other. Two wedges C are also employed with a bolt D extending from one
through the other to receive the nut D'. The bolt D is here shown as integral with
one of the wedges C but it may obviously pass through both said wedges if provided
with a suitable head.
In Figure 7 the socket in the member B and the inserted end of the tube A are
tapered to conform with the wedge C so that the wedge bears directly against the
inner surface of the tube, and the bushing of the preceding figures is dispensed
with. In some cases this modification of the device will be permissible and
preferable.
The mode of assembling the members entering into the joint is in any case
obrions. The tube when unoxpanded should as closely fit the member which
embraces it as will permit its ready insertion and the split bushing should also fit
with reasonable tightness the interior of the tube in its relaxed state. The wedge
being inserted in the bushing, if the latter be employed, and said bushing placed
within the tube, the tube containing these parts may be readily inserted in the
external member B after which the bolt may be applied, or if previously applied,
may be tightened up to cause the tube to expand firmly against the inner wall of said
external member Baud to hold the parts securely joined. The loosening of the
bolt or screw and the retraction of the wedge manifestly releases the parts and
permits them to be as conveniently separated as joined.
The joint described may be employed in uniting the working parts of a machine
or the parts of a machine frame, or the members of structures of various
descriptions, it being especially useful for uniting the members of such machines as
bicycles and other machines which require that the members be small and neatly
as well as securely joined.
Other modifications of the invention than those shown may obviously be
employed.
In most cases it will be advisable to provide the slit a in the tube. A within the
external member B, but in some cases this will be unnecessary, as for example,
when the material còmposing the tube is of suitable substance and dimensions to
permit its necessary expansion without the slit, and especially in the form of joint
shown in Figure 7 in which the tube may be pressed into the tapering Booket
before its expansion and only slight expansion is therefore necessary to give the
desired.security.
While a screw or threaded bolt is shown as a desirable.means for moving the
wedge, it is obvious that the wedge may be driven or pressed to place for the

page_text: the opposite direction to separate the parts. So, also, while the invention is shown
as involving circular surfaces and orifices in the several members of the joint it is
obvious that the invention is not limited to this form but is applicable to parts
having polygonal surfaces. The terms "cylindrical" and "cylindro-conical"
hereinbefore employed are therefore not to be regarded as limitations upon the
invention but as descriptive of the particular forms of the invention which are
shown in the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1 :—The combination with a member having a socket or aperture, of a hollow
expansible member fitted to said socket, and means within the hollow member for
expanding the latter firmly against the interior wall of the socket, substantially as
described.
2: The combination with a member having an aperture or socket,.of a hollow
expansible part fitted to said socket, an expansible bushing fitted to said hollow
part, and a wedge fitted to the bushing.
3:-The combination with a member having an aperture or socket, of a hollow
expansible part fitting said socket, an expansible bushing fitted to the hollow
member and having a tapering bore, a wodge fitted to the bore of said bushing, and
a Borew for drawing the plug into the bushing.
4:-The combination with a member having a taporing aperture or opening, a
hollow tapering and expansible member fitted to said orifice, a tapering wedge
within the hollow member and a screw device for operating the wedge.
Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 6th day of December A.D. 1892.
ALBERT WASHINGTON KIRSCH-KING.
CHARLES EDWIN FUNK.
D. Young & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.