Improvements in Closing Devices for Vessels Containing Volatile Liquids
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 15th July, 1899-Accepted, 19th Aug.,
1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Closing Devices for Vessels Containing Volatile
Liquids,
A communication from LA SOCIÉTÉ CHIMIQUE DES USINES DU RHÔNE, ancienne-
ment Gilliard, P. Monnet et Cartier, of Lyons, France, Manufacturers.
I, GEORGE BELOE ELLIS, of the Firm of J. C. Mewburn and Ellis, of 55 and 56,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to devices for closing vessels containing ethyl chloride
and other highly volatile liquids and is more particularly adapted to vessels
formed with a capillary outflow aperture to allow of directly producing a fine jet.
Smaller sized vessels of this kind (which are made chiefly of glass) have hitherto
been closed by means of a metal mount which is cemented over the capillary
outflow portion or tube, and of a metal cap which is adapted to be screwed or
otherwise fastened on the said mount.
Now this mode of closure is complicated and troublesome, but is also open
to other objections. As the length of the mount is fixed, and the capillary tube
must necessarily be broken off at the end of the mount, many vessels have had
to be subsequently thrown away, because the cross-sectional area of the capillary
aperture at this place was not of the proper size.
It had therefore become necessary to make the vessels intended for this kind
of closing device, according to a complicated process in which the capillary tube
was not produced by simply drawing out in a heating flame in the usual way,
but in which a capillary tube of uniform diameter was melted on to the vessel.
The closing device constructed in accordance with the present invention which
obviates these drawbacks comprises a metal cap or stopper, the cylindrical lower
portion of which is slotted or slit in such a manner as to form elastic legs or
extensions. The cap is provided inside its upper end with a small washer of
caoutchouc or other suitable material which effects the tight closure of the
capillary outflow aperture of the vessel. This cap is held in position by means
of the grip of the elastic legs or extensions upon the glass capillary tube and thus
the usual metal mount previously used is dispensed with and the drawbacks
connected therewith are obviated.
גות
11 101 day of October 1808
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Chartered Patent Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE DIUINICATION.
Improvements in Closing Devices for Vessels Containing Volatile
Liquids.
A communication from LA SOCIÉTÉ CHIMIQUE DES USINES DU RHÔNE, ancienne-
ment Gilliard, P. Monnet et Cartier, of Lyons, France, Manufacturers.
I, GEORGE BELOE ELLIS, of the Firm of J. C. Mewburn and Ellis, of 55 and 56,
Chancery Lanc, in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and asertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to devices for closing vessels containing ethyl chloride
and other highly volatile liquids and is more particularly adapted to vessels
formed with a capillary outflow aperture to allow of directly producing a fine jet.
Smaller sized vessels of this kind (which are made chiefly of glass) have hitherto
been closed by means of a metal mount which is cemented over the capillary
outflow portion or tube, and of a metal cap which is adapted to be screwed or
otherwise fastened on the said mount.
Now this mode of closure is complicated and troublesome, but is also open
to other objections. As the length of the mount is fixed, and the capillary tube
must necessarily be broken off at the end of the mount, many vessels have had
to be subsequently thrown away, because the cross-sectional area of the capillary
aperture at this place was not of the proper size.
It has therefore become necessary to make the vessels intended for this kind
of closing device, according to a complicated process in which the capillary tube
is not produced by simply drawing out in a heating flame in the usual way, but
in which a capillary tube of uniform diameter melted on to the vessel.
It has also been common to form bottles with large mouths or discharge open-
ings with an external receding shoulder between the mouth and neck, and to con-
struct a cap having an internal rubber washer and having elastic claws bent
inwardly to snap behind this shoulder when the cap is applied to the neck, so
that the elasticity of the claws causing them to wedge behind the shoulder will
draw the cap downwardly and thus compress the packing against the mouth of
the bottle. Such constructions have required much accuracy in order to insure
a perfect closure and have necessitated the use of considerable force to apply
or remove the cap.
By the present invention these drawbacks are entirely obviated and the
necessity for the expensive and complicated method of forming the vessels just
referred to is done away with. The vessels may be drawn out to a capillary jet
in the ordinary way and the closure is independent of the metal mount before
described.
My invention will be understood from the annexed drawing which represents a
vessel of the kind in question fitted with my improved closure.
In this drawing,—
Figure 1 is a view of the tube closed.
Figure 2 a corresponding view of the same with the closing device removed.
Figure 3 is an enlarged section of the upper part of the tube and closing
device in position thereon.
The improved closing device comprises a metal cap or stopper a, the cylindrical
lower portion of which is slotted or slit in such a manner as to form elastic limbs
or extensions 6 b¹. The cap a is provided inside its upper end with a small

page_text: washer c of caoutchouc or other suitable material which effects the tight closure
of the capillary outflow aperture d of the vessel c. This cap is held in position
by means of the grip of the elastic limbs or extensions upon the glass
capillary tube and thus the usual metal mount previously used is dispensed with
and the drawbacks connected therewith are obviated.
The
The improved bottle is preferably constructed with a reduced tip i, a swell
or tapering shoulder inwardly thereof, an elongated smooth cylindrical neck k
beginning at said swell j and meeting the body shoulder on the bottle e.
neck is of considerable thickness to afford strength, and is preferably of
uniform diameter. The neck shoulder j is smooth and tapering and serves as a
wedge for separating the limbs of the cap. The tip is of relatively small
diameter, so as to afford at its end a limited area of surface to be pressed against
the washer c, and also it is preferably of less diameter than the minimum
distance between the limbs of the cap when the latter is removed, so that this
tip easily passes between the limbs for guiding the cap during its application
to the bottle, so that the swell can gradually separate the limbs after the cap
has partly enveloped the tip. The orifice d is a capillary orifice, of extremely
small dimensions, so that no matter what the internal pressure of the volatile
substance within the bottle the area of the orifice through which this pressuro
is transmitted to the cap is so slight that no pressure which the bottle could carry
would be sufficient over this small area to displace the cap.
The cap has a cylindrical part m between the washer and its bifurcated legs,
from which part the cap has one or more slits h, extending to its end, which
separate the limbs bb. These limbs have inwardly curving portions e, extend-
ing downwardly from the cylindrical part m of the cap, outwardly flaring lower
ends and intermediate curved inwardly convexed gripping faces or portions f.
The limbs have an elastic tendency to approach each other, and their outwardly
flaring lower ends are sufficiently separated when the cap is removed from the
bottle to permit these ends to pass partially or wholly over the shoulder of the
bottle before separation of the limbs begins. The gripping portions
are in
sufficient proximity to necessitate a considerable separation of the limbs against
their elastic tendency as these portions are slid over the shoulder j and on to
the cylindrical part k.
In operation the cap is pushed over the tip of the bottle until its progress is
arrested by the compression of the packing against the end of the tip, at which
time the gripping portions f will be well located on the cylindrical neck k and
will make a tight elastic frictional grip thereon, sufficient to resist the elastic
tendency of the small portion of the packing washer which is compressed by
the tip, as well as the internal pressure in the capillary orifice, from displacing
the cap. There is sufficient room for axial adjustment of the cap along the neck,
before this gripping ceases, to provide for different lengths of tip or different
thicknesses or compressions of the packing washer. The user can remove and
apply the cap quickly, without special care, and both the bottle and cap can be
made without particular attention to exactness of construction, and with great
economy.
It will be seen that, by using a capillary orifice and a contracted tip. I am
enabled to obtain a tight closure by a frictional engagement between the cap
and neck without having to resort to claws, bayonet joints or screw connections,
and without having to make the neck with undercut threads or shoulders, and
that the use of a metal mount cemented to the neck is made unnecessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention as communicated to me and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, I declare that what I claim is:--
1. For closing a vessel containing volatile liquids, and having a capillary
orifice in the end of a neck, a closure consisting of a cap, having a packing for
closing said orifice, and having opposing elastic extensions adapted to slide on,

page_text: and to elastically embrace and frictionally engage said neck, substantially as
set forth.
2. In vessels for containing volatile liquids, the combination with a vessel,
having a capillary orifice, a contracted tip and a larger cylindrical neck, of a cap.
having a yielding packing for closing said orifice and having a slitted body for
passing over said neck, elastically and frictionally embracing the latter for hold-
ing the cap in place, said bottle having a tapering shoukler between said tip and
neck for expanding the end of said cap.
3. A closure for vessels for containing volatile liquids, consisting of a cap a
having a yielding packing, and having a bifurcated elastic end, having elastic
limbs, having internal frictional gripping faces f, and outwardly flaring ends g.
4. For vessels for containing volatile liquids, the combination with a bottle
having a small tip i, a swelling shoulder j, a cylindrical neck k, and a capillary
orifice d, of a cap a, having a cylindrical portion m, longitudinal slits h, elastic
legs, and internal frictional gripping faces f for embracing the cylindrical
part of said neck, and a packing
c in said cap.
T
1-1
1
1
1000
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Chartered Patent Agents.