IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR BOILING IN VACUO AT A LOW TEMPERATURE
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Newnam, of Crayford, in the County of Kent,
Sugar Refiner, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS
FOR BOILING IN VACUO AT A LOW TEMPERATURE."
Sealed the 17th December 1863, and dated the 17th June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Newnam at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the 17th
June 1863.
I, JAMES NEWNAM, of Crayford, in the County of Kent, Sugar Refiner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF AND
APPARATUS FOR BOILING IN VACUO AT A LOW TEMPERATURE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in introducing steam into the heating coil or coils in
an ordinary vacuum pan, which steam is attemperated and maintained at the
required temperature in a separate vessel.
The apparatus consists of an ordinary vacuum pan, with which is combined
a vessel containing a worm or pipes, into which steam is admitted and main-
tained at the temperature required by means of hot or cold water supplied to
the vessel when and as required. A safety valve is fitted to the pipe which
conveys the steam from the worm or pipes in the attemperating vessel into
the coil in the vacuum pan.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Newnam in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
NEWNAM, of Crayford, in the County of Kent, Sugar Refiner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said James Newnam, Her special licence that I, the said James Newnam,
my exécutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Newnam, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF
AND APPARATUS FOR BOILING IN VACUO AT A LOW TEMPERATURE," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said James Newnam, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said James Newnam, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists in introducing steam into the heating coil or coils in
an ordinary vacuum pan, which steam is attemperated and maintained at the
required temperature in a separate vessel.
The apparatus consists of an ordinary vacuum pan, with which is combined
a vessel containing a worm or pipes, into which steam is admitted and main-
tained at the temperature required by means of hot or cold water supplied to
the vessel when and as required. A safety valve is fitted to the pipe which
conveys the steam from the worm or pipes in the attemperating vessel into the
coil in the vacuum pan. In some cases I lead a second pipe from the upper

page_text: part of the attemperating vessel to a separate coil in the vacuum pan, through
which pipe any steam that may be generated from the water in the attem-
perating vessel passes.
The accompanying Drawing is an elevation, partly in section, of an appa-
ratus constructed according to my Invention. A is an ordinary vacuum pan;
B is a vessel containing a worm C into which steam is admitted by a pipe D.
The steam is maintained at the temperature required by means of hot or cold
water supplied to the vessel B when and as required through the pipe E.
F is an outlet pipe fitted with a cock for drawing off water from the vessel B
when necessary; G is the pipe which conveys steam from the worm C to the
coil in the vacuum pan; this pipe is fitted with a safety valve H to prevent
steam beyond a given pressure entering the coil in the pan; I is a pipe which
conveys any steam that may be generated from the water in the vessel B to a
separate coil in the vacuum pan; K is a gauge for indicating the water level
in the vessel B, and L is another gauge on the pipe G for indicating the
pressure of steam.
I prefer to make the steam chest of the vacuum pan in the form of a still
head, as shown, and to fit thereto a perforated plate covered by another plate,
over which cold water is made to flow for the purpose of condensing the
vapour which arises from the matters under treatment in the pan.
And, having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the employment
of steam introduced into the heating coil or coils in an ordinary vacuum pan
and previously attemperated and maintained at the required temperature in a
separate vessel, constructed, arranged, and acting substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Newnam, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
JAMES NEWNAM. (L.S.)