IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bray, of Leeds, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Bray at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1876.
GEORGE BRAY, of Leeds, in the County of York.
BURNERS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
My improvements have reference to common metal burners, but more particularly
to that class of burners which are partly constructed of earthenware or other non-
corrosive material, such parts being generally fixed in a metal case in a similar
manner to the arrangement described in the Specification of my Patent, No. 2335,
in the year 1872.
Firstly. My Invention relates to the burner known as the "fish-tail" or "union
jet." In ordinary burners the holes that produce the desired form of flame are
made round, and formed in the burner at an angle from about 40 to 50 degrees,
causing the flame from the holes to impinge upon each other at that angle. I in
my improvements make the holes by preference from between 20 to 40 degrees, or
any more obtuse angle up to a straight horizontal line. By combining the elliptical
shape of hole with the altered angles I obtain a spread of flame, whereby the gas
may be consumed at a much lower pressure than with the ordinary burner.
Secondly. The next part of my improvements are applicable to "bat's-wing"
and other burners, and consists in an arrangement in the burner for diminishing
the pressure or supply of gas to that part of the burner which imparts the desired
form to the flame. This arrangement is also intended to strengthen the outer case
of metal in that part most liable to rough usage from the gasfitter's pliers.
These improvements consist in having a washer or plate of metal, or earthernware,
or the two combined, or other suitable material made to fit tightly in the interior
of the case.
When the case is in one part I by preference place the washer in the top part
of the taper formed for the screw. This washer is made of any suitable thickness
and may be recessed on the top side, or when preferred the washer may be without
the recess.
In each washer I provide a hole passing vertically through it, the size
of the hole varying in accordance with the size or number of the burner.
When the metal washer is used I provide a hole therein, and insert an earthenware
or other non-corrosive tip or bush having the requisite hole in the centre. From
Price 6d1

page_text: this supply or diminishing arrangement, as with all ordinary known means for
diminishing the pressure or supply of gas by confined aperture or apertures in the
burners, great agitation of the gas ensues, which shews itself in the flame; this is
particularly observable in the "union jet" burner. To suppress this agitation of
the gas I use in combination with the pressure diminishing arrangement described
above one or more layers of muslin or other woven or fibrous materials, which I
fix in the interior of the burner case by means of a ring at a suitable distance
from the herein-before mentioned washer. The muslin or other woven or fibrous
material not only has the effect of steadying the gas, but also prevents the hissing
or whistling.
When the herein-before mentioned washer is recessed, the muslin arrangement
may be pushed in close contact with the raised face or flange of the washer.
When the washer is not recessed, in order to get the muslin the required distance
from the washer, I by preference place between them a ring, but when preferred
this may be dispensed with.
My improvements further consist in placing a diminishing tip or bush with
vertical hole at the bottom of the burner socket, placing the muslin arrangement
a suitable distance therefrom; or this tip or bush may be placed in any suitable
position within the case.
The above arrangements have the effect of giving a steady flow of gas, con-
sequently a steady and noiseless flame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Bray in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th September
1876.
GEORGE BRAY, of Leeds, in the County of York.
BURNERS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS
My improvements have reference to common metal burners, but more particularly
to that class of burners which are partly constructed of earthenware or other non-
corrosive material, such parts being generally fixed in a metal case in a similar
manner to the arrangement described in the Specification of my Patent, No. 2335,
in the year 1872.
Firstly. My Invention relates to the burner known as the "fish-tail" or union
jet." In ordinary burners the holes that produce the desired form of flame are
made round and formed in the burner at an angle from about 40 to 50 degrees,
causing the flame from the holes to impinge upon each other at that angle. In my
improvements I make the holes by preference from between 20 to 40 degrees, or
any more obtuse angle up to a straight horizontal line. By combining the
elliptical shape of hole with the altered angles, I obtain a spread of flame
whereby the gas may be consumed at a much lower pressure than with the ordinary
burner.
Secondly. The next part of my improvements are applicable to " bat's-wing"
and other burners, and consist in an arrangement in the burner for diminishing the
pressure or supply of gas to that part of the burner which imparts the desired
form to the flame. This arrangement also intended to strengthen the outer case
of metal in that part most liable to rough usage from the gasfitter's pliers.
These improvements consist in having a washer or plate of metal, or carthenware,
or the two combined, or other suitable material made to fit tightly in the interior
of the case.
When the case is in one part, I by preference place the washer in the top part of
the taper formed for the screw. This washer is made of any suitable thickness,
and may be recessed on the top side; or when preferred the washer may be
without the recess. In each washer I provide a hole passing vertically through it,
the size of the hole varying in accordance with the size or number of the burner.

page_text: When the metal washer is used I provide a hole therein, and insert an
earthenware or other non-corrosive tip or bush having the requisite hole in the
centre. From this supply or diminishing arrangement, as with all ordinary known
means for diminishing the pressure or supply of gas by confined aperture or
apertures in the burner, great agitation of the gas ensues, which shews itself in the
flame; this is particularly observable in the "union jet" burner. To suppress this
agitation of the gas I use in combination with the pressure diminishing arrange-
ment described above one or more layers of muslin or other woven or fibrous
materials which I fix in the interior of the burner case by means of a ring at a
suitable distance from the herein-before mentioned washer. The muslin or other
woven or fibrous material not only has the effect of steadying the gas, but also
prevents the hissing or whistling.
When the herein-before mentioned washer is recessed the muslin arrangement
may be pushed in close contact with the raised face or flange of the washer.
When the washer is not recessed, in order to get the muslin the required distance
from the washer, I by preference place between them a ring, but when preferred
this may be dispensed with.
My improvements further consist in placing a diminishing tip or bush with
vertical hole at the bottom of the burner socket, placing the muslin arrangement a
suitable distance therefrom; or this tip or bush may be placed in any suitable
position within the case.
The above arrangements have the effect of giving a steady flow of gas, con-
sequently a steady and noiseless flame.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood, reference
is given to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the letters and marks
thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 2, 4, 6, and 24, shew vertical sections of various arrangements of my
burner with all the parts in position.
Figures 1, 3, and 5, are respectively plans of Figures 2, 4, and 6.
Figures 7 and 8, 9 and 10, 11, 12, and 13, 16 and 17, 18 and 19, 20 and 21, 22
and 23, and 25, shew the various parts of the burner.
Figures 14 and 15 shew the burner with some of its parts placed in position in
the interior of the case.
Figures 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6, shew the burner known as the fish-tail or
union jet. The holes a are made by preference between the angles of twenty
and forty degrees, but may be any more obtuse angle up to a horizontal straight
line. The holes a are made elliptical, as shewn at Figures 1, 3, and 5. By com-
bining the elliptical shape of hole with the altered angle thereof I obtain a spread
of flame, whereby the gas may be consumed at a much lower pressure than with
the ordinary burner. The angle of the holes of burners of ordinary construction is
about from forty to fifty degrees.
The next part of my Invention is applicable to bat-wing and other burners,
and consists in an arrangement in the burner for diminishing the pressure or
supply of gas to that part of the burner which imparts the desired form to tho
flame. The arrangement is also intended to strengthen the outer metal case.
These improvements consist in having a washer or plate b, as shewn at Figures 2,
9, and 10, made of earthenware, metal, or the two combined, or other suitable
material, and made to fit tightly in the interior of the case, as shewn at Figure 2.
I by preference place the washer b in the position shown at Figure 2 when the case
consists of one part. This washer b is recessed at the top side, as shewn, suffi-
ciently for the purpose herein-after described, but when preferred the washer b may
be without the recess. In each washer b I provide a round hole c passing vertically
through it, the size of the hole varying in accordance with the size and number of
the burner.
Figures 4, 6, and 15, shews an arrangement of metal washer d. In this case I

page_text: insert an earthenware bush e, which may have the requisite hole f in the centre,
as shewn at Figure 4, or the arrangement of hole g, shewn at Figures 6 and 15.
The bushes e and washer d are shewn separately at Figures 16 and 17, 18 and 19,
20 and 21. From this supply or diminishing arrangement, as with all ordinary
known means of diminishing the supply of gas by confined aperture or apertures
in the burner, great agitation of the gas ensues, which shews itself in the flame.
To suppress this agitation of the gas I uso, in combination with the pressure
diminishing arrangement described above, an arrangement similar to that used in
my "enamel " regulator burners, which consists of one or more layers of muslin
or other woven or fibrous materials, as shewn at h, Figures 2, 4, 6, 14, and 15;
this I fix in the interior of the burner case i by means of a ring j, shewn separately
at Figures 22 and 23. The distance of the muslin from the washers b or d may
be varied. The muslin or other woven or fibrous material not only has the effect
of steadying the gas up to a considerable pressure, and consequently the flame,
but also when placed at a suitable distance from the hole in the washers, prevents
the hissing or whistling caused by the rush of gas through the diminishing
arrangement.
When the herein-before mentioned washer b, shewn at Figures 2, 9, and 10, is
recessed, the muslin arrangement h is pushed in close contact with the raised face
or flange of the washers, as shewn at k, Figuro 2. The recess being of sufficient
depth to keep the muslin arrangement h at the required distance from the hole c
in the washer to allow a free passage for the gas, and to be sufficiently near to pre-
vent the production of sound between them.
When the washer is not recessed a ring of a suitable thickness may be placed
between them, or other suitable means for obtaining the required position may be
employed.
a
My Invention further consists in placing a diminishing tip or bush made of non-
corrosive material, as shewn at 1, at Figure 24, in the bottom of the burner case i,
and provided with a round vertical hole m, placing the muslin arrangement
suitable distance therefrom, as and for the purposes herein-before mentioned. This
tip or bush may be placed in any convenient position within the case i.
Figures 7 and 8 shew an ordinary mouth-piece for a bat-wing burner.
l
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and shewn by Drawings
how the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise limits, details, or configuration of the parts I have
explained and shewn, as the same may of course be varied or modified without in
any way departing from my said Invention; but what I do claim, and desire to be
secured to me by Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The use of the holes a at the angles described, either separately or with
the elliptical shape of the same, for the production of the required form of flame
in fish-tail or union jet burners, substantially as herein set forth.
Secondly. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the various parts
forming the diminishing of pressure arrangement, including the muslin arrange-
ment, substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Thirdly. The arrangement and application of non-corrosive tip or bush 7 with
vertical hole m passing through it, such tip or bush being placed within the burner
case i, substantially as and for purposes berein-set forth.
Fourthly. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the various parts
forming the burner, substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Bray, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this First day of September, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
GEO. BRAY. (L.S.)