IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC STEERING APPARATUS FOR VESSELS"
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David P. Dey of Brooklyn in the County of Kings and
State of New York and George Maltby Hathaway of the city county and
State of New York, both in the United States of America, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC STEERING APPARATUS FOR VESSELS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David P. Dey and George
Maltby Hathaway at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
9th October 1883.
DAVID P DEY of Brooklyn in the county of Kings and State of New York and
GEORGE MALTBY HATHAWAY of the city, county and state of New York, both
in the United States of America IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC STEERING
APPARATUS FOR VESSELS
The object of this invention is to provide means for steering vessels in case of
accident to the rudder by the impact of a fluid (steam or water) upon the water in
which the vessel floats. The further object of this invention is to locate the
steering devices out of reach of projectiles or out of reach of other obstructions by
which they may be injured and the invention consists in the method of and means
for giving direction to the jet or jets of fluid at the stern or at the stern and bow.
The loss of the rudder or an injury thereto that will render it ineffectual whether
it be that of a merchantman or that of a man of war, often results in a calamity
and when such an accident happens to a man of war in action his destruction is in
most cases the consequence. In carrying out our invention we employ either two
superposed pipes or conduits leading from a force pump or a source of steam supply
to the stern of the vessel and terminating in a curved or elbow discharge or
ejecting mouth that in its normal position opens downwardly.
In conjunction with these pipes we employ mechanism whereby the ejector end
of the pipe may be turned to either side of the vessel, at or practically at right
angles to the longitudinal axis of the latter such mechanism consisting of rack bars
adapted for operation from the pilot house or other convenient part of the vessel or
ship which rack bars mesh with pinions on the pipes which are in such a construction
ID 21

page_text: swiveled to the pump cylinder or source of steam supply or the feed pipe or
pipes leading therefrom. Instead of rotating the pipes themselves, the elbows
may be rotatably secured to the ends of the pipes and caused to rotate by means
substantially such as above set forth and instead of rack bars and pinions chains
and sprocket wheels may be employed for this purpose.
It is evident that if the ejector mouth of one or both the pipes is directed more
or less or entirely to one side and a fluid under pressure discharged therefrom the
pressure of such fluid upon the surrounding water will according to the angle of
direction exert a greater or less power to turn the vessel in a direction opposite to
that in which such power is exerted.
Instead of ejecting the fluid at the stern only such fluid may be ejected both at
the stern and bow on opposite sides of the vessel as will be readily understood.
In this case we employ a pipe having four branches diverging from the pump or
source of steam supply and by means of a suitable three way or other suitable cock
the fluid is directed in any two of such pipes diverging towards the opposite sides
of the craft to the stern and bow so that the power required for steering or turning
the vessel may be applied at both the bow and stern simultaneously. The cock for
directing the fluid may be operated in any suitable manner and from any convenient
point of the craft.
We would have it understood that we do not lay claim broadly to the steering
of vessels by the impact of a fluid as we are aware that this is not new.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said David P. Dey and George Maltby Hathaway in the Patent Office
on the 9th April 1884.
DAVID P DEY of Brooklyn in the County of Kings and State of New York, and
GEORGE MALTBY HATHAWAY of the City County and State of New York, all
in the United States of America, Gentlemen IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIO
STEERING APPARATUS FOR VESSELS.
Our invention relates to a. means for steering a vessel in case the rudder has been
carried away, or is inoperative and for turning boats under other conditions, the
novelty consisting in the construction and arrangement of the parts, as will be
more fully hereinafter set forth and specifically pointed out in the claims. As
heretofore practiced, the loss of a rudder was a calamity and great trouble has been
experienced in supplying a substitute.
This invention is designated to supply means for steering the ship, said means
being always in readiness and capable of being instantly brought into service. It
will be seen, that the device is equally efficient in other service, that is to say,
where the rudder has no effect upon its action, as for instance in turning boats in
close quarters either from the stern or from the bow, or both and out of all
possibility of being disabled by armament in action
The invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawing which forms a
part of this specification and in which Figure 1 represents the stern of a vessel partly
in elevation and partly in section showing our improved devices applied thereto.
Figure 2 a similar view showing a modification of the device. Figure 3 an enlarged
view of the device and Figures 4 and 5 modifications of the same. Referring to the
drawings: A represents the body of the vessel having stern A¹ and stern post A³.
Suitably journalled in the stern post are pipes B having flanges b which are
received into a rebate b' in said stern post. These pipes are provided at the other
end with a thread which is secured into a reinforced opening in the vertical
portion C¹ of the pipe C, which leads from the pump D and has a closed lower end.
The pipes B B are arranged below the main shaft E carrying propeller E¹ said
propeller being arranged between the stern post A2 and the rudder post F upon
which is properly hinged the rudder F¹. G represents an oscillating tubular elbow
having flange g which abuts squarely against the flange 6 of the pipe B and is
received into a rebate 6¹ being secured in place by annular plate H which is firmly
bolted in place, leaving room for the free oscillation of the tubular elbow. To
these elbows are secured rigidly rods I, which extending through proper packing
formed upon the pipe O¹ are provided with toothed pinions J arranged one directly
above the other. K K represent two rack bars which embrace the pinions J in
such a manner as to render the meshing between the pinions and bars effectual
The bars K extend upwards and are either operated by the wheel or by other
means convenient to the steersman in such manner that the elevation of one bar
and the depression of the other operate to turn the elbows G G with their exits
squarely to one side of the vessel while a similar motion in the opposite direction
Berves to turn the said exits to the other side of the boat.
こ
Instead of rack bars and pinions it is obvious that chain and sprocket would
serve with equal efficiency. Such a construction is illustrated in Figure 2 in
which the sprocket wheels are shown mounted on the pipes. It will be understood
that as water or steam is forced through the pipe C C and pipes B B the steersman

page_text: through the devices mentioned K J I directs the water or steam to either side of
the boat at will..
As shown in Figure 2, the pipes and tubular elbows are made in one piece and
the rods II dispensed with. In this construction one end of each of the pipes is
flanged and works in confining sockets suitably packed while the portion of each
near the elbow is journalled in sleeves set in the stern post, said sleeves being also
provided with packing. The pinion or sprocket wheels being mounted on pipes,
said pipes are caused by means of the rack bars or chain, operated by the steersman,
to turn the elbows with their exits as above described. In Figure 4 is shown a
pump arranged amidship or nearly so, and two sets of pipes extending longi-
tudinally and centrally for the greater portion of their distances but being deflected
at their ends outwardly. By means of the pump, water may be directed in such
manner that it is forced into one of the pipes, passed through said pipe and ejected
from one side of the vessel, near the stern, and at the same time it is forced through
the opposite pipe and ejected from the opposite side of the vessel near the bow,
thus exerting a double force to turn the vessel.
In a modification shown in Figure 5, two parallel pipes a have their ends all
bent in opposite directions so that their exits are upon opposite sides of the
boat near the stern. At any proper point is placed a two-way cock which may be
manipulated so as to cut off the flow from either pipe and deflect it through the
other. It will of course, be understood that the pump is used in connection with
this modification It will be understood that in the main invention, the exits for
water or steam may be placed upon either bow or stern, or both but in the latter
construction it is especially adapted for efficient service in close quarters, such as
harbors etc. and this construction may be applied to small craft such as tugs, canal
boats etc.
Modifications in details of construction may be employed without departing
from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of our invention, the essential
features of which will be understood from the foregoing description taken in
connection with the drawing
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In a device for steering vessels, in combination with the pipes having elbows
at their rear ends and journalled in the stern post of the vessel, so as to rotate
freely, the cog pinions connected with said pipes and the rack bars, whereby said
pipes and elbows may be rotated to direct a current of water air or steam from a
suitable source to either side of the vessel substantially as described
2, In combination with the elbows G G journalled in the stern post of the
vessel, the rods I, I, connected to said elbows, and provided with pinione J J, and
the rack bars K K, adapted to operate said elbows to direct a current of water,
steam or air from a suitable source to either side of the vessel substantially as
described
3, In combination with the pump D, main pipe C C¹, pipes B B and elbows G G
journalled in the stern post, the rods I I, carrying pinions J, and the rack-bars K
and means for operating said pinions and bars simultaneously in either direction as
Bet forth.
4, The combination, with the elbows G G provided with flanges g g and
journalled in the stern post of the vessel, of the reenforce plates H H secured to
the stern post, and through which the horizontal portion of the elbows extends
substantially as described.
5. The combination with the elbows G G flanged as described and journalled in
the stern post of the vessel, of the pipes B B flanged at their rear ends, which set
against the flanges of the elbows the pipe C¹ connecting with the said pipes B B
and the stuffing or packing boxes opposite the forward ends of the pipes B
through which pass the rods I whereby the elbows may be turned substantially as
described.

page_text: 6, The combination, in a device for steering vessels, of the flanged elbows GG,
journalled in the stern post of a vessel, the reenforced plates H H secured to said
stern post, the pipes B B, flanged at their rear ends, which set against the flanges
of the elbows, the connecting pipe C and the rods I I, secured at one end to the
elbows, the packing boxes through which said rods operate, the pinions on the
ends of said rods, and the rack-bars and mechanism for operating the same, and
the elbows substantially as described
In witness whereof we the said David P Dey and George Maltby Hathaway
have hereunto set our hands and seals this twenty ninth day of March in the year
of our Lord, One thousand Eight hundred and Eighty four.
GEORGE MALTBY HATHAWAY (L.S.)