IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1854

page_text: Finsbury, London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING
WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN."
Sealed the 25th August 1854, and dated the 28th February 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Leontide Aglaëe Pallegoix
and Alexandre Louis Bellange at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th February 1854.
We, LEONTIDE AGLAEE PALLEGOIX, Spinster, and ALEXANDRE LOUIS BELANGE,
Gentleman, both of Paris, France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING
WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN" to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in submitting the wheat or other grain to be treated
in a suitable stove to a heat of about 95 degrees Fahrenheit to dry it of 6 per
cent. of its weight of water of vegetation; then we add to it the same weight
of water before grinding it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Leontide Aglaëe Pallegoix and Alexandre Louis Bellangé in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th August 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, LEONTIDE
AGLAEE PALLEGOIX, Spinster, and ALEXANDRE LOUIS BELLANGE, Gentleman, both
of Paris, France, & of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eight day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Leontide Aglace Pallegoix & Alexandre Louis Bellangé, Her special
licence that we, the said Leontide Aglaëe Pallegoix and Alexander Louis
Bellangé, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Leontide Aglace Pallegoix & Alexander Louis Bellangé, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WHEAT AND
OTHER GRAIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Leontide
Aglace Pallegoix and Alexander Louis Bellangé, by an instrument in writing
under our hand and seal; should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Leontide Aglace Pallegoix & Alex-
ander Louis Bellangé, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our Invention consists of a mode of treating wheat, corn, or other grains
from which flour is used for making bread and other purposes, the same giving
a larger amount of bread than would be obtained from flour manufactured
from grains left in their natural state.
The same consists in dessicating wheat, corn, or other similar sorts of
grains in drying chambers or stoves, heated to about 95° Fahrenheit, till the
grains have lost from about 4 to 8 per cent. of their weight, after which about
an equal quantity of water or any other suitable liquid is poured over it;

page_text: during which operation the grains are continually turned till the water or
other liquid employed is as equally as possible divided into the whole mass,
after which the grains are ready for being manufactured into flour by any of
the ordinary grinding processes.
The first part of the process is the dessicating of the grains; this may be
done by any suitable drying chamber or stove, heated to about 95° Fahrenheit.
For dessicating as equally as possible all the grains, these must be spread out
in a layer of from 2 to 3 or more inches in height, which is to be turned over
from time to time; by this drying process, the whole or the greater part of the
native or vegetation water of the grains may be extracted, the grains to be
dessicated till they have lost from 4 to 8 per cent. of their weight. By this
dessicating, a certain contraction takes place in the grain, and water or any
other, suitable liquid being afterwards added to the same, the cortical or
exterior part gets loose from the interior or farinaceous part more easily; at
the same time a certain molecular change seems to take place in the farina-
ceous part, so that, flour being manufactured from it, this assimilates a larger
quantity of water.
.
We do not confine ourselves to any particular mode of dessicating, nor to
the exact degree of dessication indicated, or to any particular arrangement of
drying chambers or stoves.
The second part of the process consists of pouring over the dessicated grains
a certain quantity of water or any other suitable liquid, which replaces extirely,
partly, or even a little more than the vegetation water extracted from the
grains by the dessicating process; this water or other liquid must be poured
as evenly as possible over the whole mass, which for this purpose is to be
continually turned during this part of the process, in order that each grain
may obtain as nearly as possible an equal part of the water or other suitable
liquid poured over the mass, and the stirring must consequently be continued
as long as will be found necessary for obtaining this equality of moistening to
the grains. This water or other liquid may be employed either cold, or at such
a degree of heat as will be found to answer best; the same might even take
place by means of steam or other suitable vapour, which, on condensing, would
moisten the grains. As for the quantity of the water to impregnate the grains
with, we prefer this to be nearly the same quantity as that of the vegetation
water extracted from the grains by the dessication; but this quantity may be a
little more or less, which depends in great part upon the nature of the grains,
and for this reason we do not confine ourselves to the precise quantity.
The grains thus treated are now ready for being manufactured into flour by
any of the ordinary processes.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of our Invention and the manner of
putting the same into operation, we declare that we do not confine ourselves to
the precise degree of heat indicated for the drying process, or the precise
quantities of vegetation water to be extracted from the grains, nor the quantity,
degree of heat, or nature of the water or other liquid to be employed for
moistening the grains after the dessicating process, nor to any particular mode
or apparatus for dissicating or for moistening the wheat, corn, or other similar
sorts of grain; but what we claim as our Invention consists of the process of
dessicating wheat, corn, or other similar sorts of grain from which flour for
bread or other purposes is to be manufactured, by which the vegatation or
native water of the grains is partly or totally extracted from the same, and
afterwards adding to these dessicated grains a quantity of water or any other
suitable liquid for replacing partly or totally the extracted vegetation water, and
this for the purpose of obtaining grains, which, treated in the said manner, gives,
on being manufactured into flour, and this latter into bread, a greater quantity
of bread than would have been obtained from the same grains if they had not
been treated in the manner described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Leontide Aglaëe Pallegoix and Alexandre
Louis Bellangé, have hereunto set our hand and seals, this Twenty-
fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four.