Improvements in Deep Boring Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1898-Accepted, 30th July, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Deep Boring Machines.
I, FRIEDRICH VON ERHARDT, of No. 14, Kaiser Strasse, Dessau, in the German
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The subject of the present invention is a boring machine for penetrating the
crust of the earth for the execution of well or shaft sinking, deep borings and the
like, which possesses many advantages over the appliances hitherto employed.
The latter usually operate by moving the boring rods by means of a spring bar
or walking-beam. This spring bar or walking-beam occupies a considerable space
and requires a comparatively high boring-frame or superstructure. Further, at
the commencement of the. boring work the spring bar or walking-beam could not
be used. According to the present invention an oscillating wheel is used instead
of the spring bar, around which the hoisting chain is laid. This wheel occupies
by far less space and is capable of being used from the very beginning of the
boring work. It can be applied in all kinds of boring or sinking operations,
except with diamond rock-drills or the like. It enables a constant sinking of
boring-hole tubes should such be used.
The annexed drawing illustrates one mode of carrying out my invention, which
is for execution of drilling work or deep boring by means of free fall cutters of
the usual construction.
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the whole rig, at the beginning of the
work.
Figure 1 illustrates the oscillatory-moved wheel at an advanced stage of work,
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the oscillatory-moved wheel.
Figure 3 illustrates the driving gear of the oscillatory-moved wheel.
Figure 4 illustrates in a plan the drawing or hauling gear.
Figure 5 shows the elastic or yielding coupling between the driving and
oscillatory-moved wheel.
The frame or superstructure which carries the whole rig consists of two vertical
masts or standards a, resting on ground sills b, which carry at their top end cross
beams 61; the latter being stayed in their position by means of stays b². The whole
rig may be stayed or supported in any suitable and convenient manner.
For trans-
porting purposes as well as conducting boring or drilling work on firm boring
platforms the two vertical masts or standards a may each consist of two pieces
and be joined together by means of hinges c. A toothed wheel c is mounted and
secured on the hinge spindle, and may be driven from below by means of any
suitable driving gear. The spindle of the hinge is firmly secured to one of the
flaps of the hinge, for instance by means of a feather or key. Consequently, by
revolving the toothed wheel c¹ the upper part of the frame or structure will be
hauled down. The masts or standards a are secured in their vertical position by
means of a plate which is fastened to the masts or standards on either side of
the junction by means of strong screws.
The oscillatory-moved wheel d is movably mounted on supports fast to the

page_text: vertical masts a. It consists of two side discs which are secured to the axle d'.
Screw bolts connect these two discs firmly with each other. The two discs are
such a distance apart from each other that the boring rod as well as boring tubes
may pass between them. A segment e situated between the two discs which is
movable around the axle e¹ and consists of two rails connected together by means
of bolts or rivets. By turning this segment around the axle el it may be brought
into a position concentrically to the axle and flush with the periphery of the
wheel. A bolt through may serve for securing it in this position. The
wheel d carries a winch f on to which the chain g is wound. The winch fis
actuated by means of a worm-wheel f¹ which engages a worm f². The latter is
rotatably mounted on one of the spokes of the wheel disc d and may be rotated
from below by a chain f travelling over a chain wheel f³. The worm is chosen of
such a construction as to be self-locking. Rods h in connection with spiral
springs h¹, strong enough to overcome the weight of the boring rods, are hinged to
another spoke of the wheel disc d. These spiral springs h¹ press against a plate ha
which is movable around a horizontal axle h for the purpose of preventing the
rods from exercising unequal side strain or contraction on the springs. An
adjustable nut serves for regulating the tension of the springs. Two rods i
preferably of rolled iron may be arranged projecting from the circumference of
the wheel d and a weight may be placed and secured on or near the extremity
of them. These rods i bear against a buffer sill 22.
A steam engine D or any other suitable motor or apparatus exercising motive
power may be employed for actuating the wheel d and thereby the whole apparatus.
Figure 3 illustrates a way of constructing the actuating gear, which I found to
be very advantageous. The steam engine causes the pulley S to rotate by means
of the transmission belt R. The pulley S is in connection with a crank K, the
connecting rod of which causes the lever H to swing to and fro. The wheel
which is in connection with the lever H has sufficient part of its circumference
provided with wooden teeth, which engage in a corresponding gear M mounted on
the axle d. By virtue of the rotation of the pulley S the lever H will oscillate
and cause the wheel J, which is fast to it, and the wheel to follow its movement,
the latter in an opposite direction. Crown pulleys are provided at the two ends
of the cross beams, over which the drawing or hauling rope is conducted.
end of the latter is provided with a connecting or coupling device, such as 12, to
connect or couple the boring rod thereto. A counter weight 13 may also
be provided. The other end of the rope / passes around the drum 14.
The latter may also be driven directly from the power plant. Two toothed
wheels z, z¹ of different diameter are rotatably mounted on the axle of the rope
pulley S, which engage in corresponding toothed wheels 2, 3, respectively, the
latter being fast on the axle of the drum 14 (see Figure 4). By disengaging the
hand-lever U the toothed wheels z, z¹ may be thrown out of gear if required.
One
A brake disc T is further mounted on the drum axle around which a brake band
passes in the usual way actuated by foot pressure and serving for lowering the
hauling rope. A toothed wheel W provided with a hand crank may engage the
toothed wheel 22, which may serve for easy hauling work and as auxiliary means
for rotating the wheel.
The connection of the axle with the toothed wheel M is effected by means of
a yielding or elastic coupling, see Figure 5. The wheel M is loosely mounted on
the axle and a collar M¹ of the wheel M surrounds the axle. This collar possesses
two lateral openings or slots m² into which springs or projections M³, fast to the
axle, project, and cause it to partake of the movement of the axle. The open-
ings m² are of sufficient size to allow the free movement of the projections M³
therein. The whole arrangement being for the purpose of preventing shocks
being transmitted on to the driving gear.
The mode of action of the driving gear is as follows:
At the beginning of the work the boring-rod is suspended by the wire rope 1.
The weight may be removed while the work is in its earliest stage. The man
in attendance will be in the stage o. The segment e is in the position illustrated

page_text: in Figure 1, so that the boring rod may easily pass through between the two discs
of the wheel d. The chain 9, which has been lengthened by the addition of a
wire rope g³ is connected to the hauling rope. by any suitable means or joint g
and conducted over the roller g' and the drum 4, and is placed over the segment e
in the way as illustrated. On now coupling the crank K to the pulley S, for
instance by means of a projection n', movable in a slot in one of the spokes of the
pulley S, engaging into the forked projection of the crank K, the wheel d will
be rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 1. The catcher or
stirrup A moves downwards and catches the winged rod attached to the boring rod.
During this period of work the drum 14 is not coupled to the axle of the pulley S.
After the wheel has completed its forward movement, during which it has con-
tracted the springs H¹, it moves back again, when it will lift the boring rod under
its influence. The tension of the springs H' causes the buffer weight to beat
against the buffer beam 2. The rebound caused thereby will give the man in
attendance stationed in the stage o, sufficient time to disengage the winged rod
of the detent apparatus from the catcher A by turning the lever arms B, whereby
the boring tool is caused to drop. By rotating the winch f the hoisting chain g
will be lengthened according to the progress of the work. As soon as the work
has reached that stage which permits the man in attendance to station himself
on the ground, the rod will be disengaged from the rope and coupled directly
to the boring chain (see Figure 1). For this purpose the segment e is moved
outwards and fixed in the position flush with the periphery of the wheel d, see
Figure 1. The width of the segment e will be so chosen as to supply the chain
centrally to the bore hole.
When it is intended to haul up the rod gear, the crank K is disengaged from
the pulley S, and after having coupled the hauling rope to the rod and opened
the rope joint g, the rope may be wound on the drum 4 by means of throwing
into gear either the toothed wheel z or¹ according to the weight to be raised.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A boring machine of the type herein referred to, characterised by a double
oscillating wheel fitted between its two discs with an eccentrically mounted adjust-
able segment over which a chain or flexible band passes for hoisting the rods and
boring tool, centrally over the bore-hole, substantially as described and illustrated.
2. A boring machine of the type herein referred to, characterised by a double
oscillating wheel fitted between its two discs with an eccentrically mounted adjust-
able segment over which a chain or flexible band passes for hoisting the rods and
boring tool, centrally over the bore-hole, and spring-controlled rods connected
to the said double oscillating wheel serving together with weighted levers (i) and
buffer-beam (2) against which they bear, to balance the weight of the rods and
produce a rebound for disengaging the top rod from the notch in the stirrup, sub-
stantially as described and illustrated.
3. In a boring machine of the type herein referred to, the device, consisting
of the winch (f) in combination with the wheel (d) the segment (e) chain (g) worm-
wheel (f) and worm (2), for raising or lowering the hoisting chain of the rods
and boring tool, substantially as described and illustrated.
4. A boring machine of the type herein referred to, constructed, operated and
working, substantially as described and illustrated.
11
1
T1900
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.