Improvements in the Manufacture or Preparation of Materials for the Purification of Gas, Sewage, or the like
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th July, 1895-Accepted, 28th Sept., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Preparation of Materials for
the Purification of Gas, Sewage, or the like.
I, JAMES EUNYCE CAMPBELL, of Mill Street, Bradford, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Chemical Engineor, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture or preparation of an iron oxide
compound primarily intended for use in the purification of or removal of sulphur
irom carburetted hydrogen or coal gas during the process of manufacture though
it may also be applied to the purification or filtration of sewage or similar
purposes.
In the material at present prepared for this purpose from waste products it is
customary to mix an amount of saw-dust to take up the excessive moisture and
render the mixture porous so that the gas will readily penetrate and pass through
it but the use of the saw-dust is objectionable in that it in itself contains a large
percentage of moisture and when the material is subsequently treated to recover
the sulphur either by boing calcined or used in the manufacture of cyanides or
colours a great quantity of black dust or other useless mass is loft as a residuum.
My invention consists essentially in the preparation of a compound of iron
oxide for purifying gas or other purposes by mixing together the oxide obtained
from waste hydrochloric or other acid from galvanizers wire workers or copper
workers and the waste iron or borings from aniline or other manufactures and then
adding thereto a quantity of kieselguhr or infusorial earth sawdust or other
absorbent material or by mixing either of these oxides alone with infusorial
carth, thereby producing a material much better adapted for gas purification
than that at present in use and in the utilization of some of the residual products
for rubbing cleaning and polishing purposes.
In carrying out the invention I separate iron oxide from the waste hydro-
chloric acid (or other acid) obtained from galvanizers wire makers copper workers
or other works commonly known as galvanizers pickle by treating the same with
lime magnesia or other suitable material blowing air into the mixture whilst
boiling and thon filtering pressing or the like.
I also take the waste iron or borings from auiline or other manufactures and
mix this in about equal proportions with the iron oxide. These 1 then mix with
a quantity of infusorial earth sawdust or other material sufficient to take up the
excessive moisture and to render the mixture porous so that the gas will readily
pass through it in the purifior.
Instead of mixing the iron oxides obtained from the two waste products they
may be used separately with the infusorial earth but I at present prefer to mix
the two iron salts as I consider 1 thereby obtain a more suitable material.
The material thus obtain is bettor adapted for gas purification than what is in
use at present being of lighter specific gravity presenting a greater percentage of
oxide, exposing a greater surface to the action of the gas in purifier thus taking
up the sulphur etcætera in gas better and quicker. This mixture does not burn
away to an appreciable extent when sulphur is being extracted in formation of
sulphuric acid. The residuum can be used repeatedly or improved by further
mixture of iron oxide for gas or sewage purification or colour making.

page_text: I also propose to still further improve the material by treating it with atmo-
spheric air or oxygen in an open or closed vessel either freo or under pressure with
or without agitation as required before use or after placing it in purifier to revivify
it this part of the process being more expeditious and requiring less space than
present system of revivifying.
The residual liquor from the galvanizers pickle after the iron oxide is separated
in the process of filtration I boil or evaporate down to suitable strength and add to
it sulphuric acid then calcine in a retort furnace or other suitable appliquce
condensing the fumes in an ordinary tower or otherwise thus recovering the hydro-
chloric acid in a pure and strong state. The residuum (calcium sulphate) I treat
with cyanide, blue or any other colour or material or disinfecting agent and form
into squares bricks or other shape for domestic or other use as rubbing cleaning or
colouring stones etcætera.
Dated this 26th day of February 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Preparation of Materials for
the Purification of Gas, Sewage, or the like.
I, JAMES EUNYCE CAMPBELL, of Mill Street, Bradford, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Chemical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture or preparation of an iron oxide
compound primarily intended for use in the purification of or removal of sulphur
from carburetted hydrogen or coal gas during the process of manufacture though
it may also be applied to the purification or filtration of sewage or similar
purposes.
The material at present employed for this purpose is a preparation either of
precipitated iron hydroxide obtained from the waste hydrochloric acid (or other
acid) from galvanizers wire workers or copper smelters or hydrated oxide of iron
obtained from the waste iron or borings from aniline or other manufactures with
which a certain amount of sawdust is mixed to take up the excessive moisture and
reuder the inixture porous so that the gas will readily penetrate and pass through
it. find however that the use of the sawdust for this purpose is objectionable in
that it in itself coutains a large percentage of moisture and when the material is
subsequently treated to recover the sulphur either by being calcined or used in the
manufacture of cyanides or colours a great quantity of black dust or other useless
matter is left as a residuum. I also find that a mixture of these two forms of
iron oxides produce material botter fitted for the purpose aud that the combination
therewith of kieselguhr instead of sawdust gives much better reaults.
The invention consists essentially in a material for purifying gas sewage or
other mattors consisting of a compound of iron hydroxides obtained from waste
hydrochloric or other acid from galvanizers wire workers or copper smelters aud
the waste iron or borings from aniline or other manufactures with the addition
thereto of a quantity of kieselguhr or sawdust or other absorbent material; or of
a compound consisting of either of these iron oxides alone with kieselguhr or
iufusorial earth and in the utilization of some of the residual products for colour
making and for rubbing cleaning or polishing purposes.
I separate or precipitate iron hydroxide from the waste hydrochloric acid (or
other acid) obtained from galvanizers wire workers copper sinelters or other works

page_text: commonly known as galvanizers pickle by treating the same with lime, magnesin
or other suitable inaterial preferably lime blowing air into the mixture whilst
boiling and then filtering pressing or the like. I also obtain hydrated iron oxide
being the waste iron or borings from auiliue or other manufactures. I may also
obtain precipitated iron oxide by treating the waste aniline iron with hydrochloric
acid and lime magnesia etcætera.
I mix the precipitated and the hydrated iron oxides in about equal proportions.
and add thereto a quantity of kieselguhr, infusorial carth, sawdust or other material
suflicient to take up the excessive moisture and to render the mixture porous 80
that the gus will readily pass through it in the purifier. 1 however prefer the
kieselguhr as giving the best results.
Instead of mixing the iron oxides obtained from the two waste products!
prepare a compound of either of these separately with the kieselguhr or infusorial
earth but I at present prefer to mix the two iron salts as I consider I thereby
obtain a more suitable material.
The material I thus obtain is better adapted for gas purification than what is in
use at present being of lighter specific gravity presenting a greater percentage of
oxide, exposing a greater surface to the action of the gas in purifier thus taking up
the sulphur etcetera in gas better and quicker.
A compound or mixture thus prepared without the addition of sawdust when
being treated to recover or extract the sulphur therefrom in the formation of
sulphuric acid does not burn away to any appreciable extent and the residuun
therefrom can be repeatedly used for purifying purposes and also forms a good
base from which to prepare red colour or pigment. Such colour or pigment is
prepared by calcining the spent oxide to drive off the sulphur and then reducing
it to the required consistency by trituration. The colour so prepared may be
employed alone or may be mixed with other colours prepared in the usual way.
The material may also be further improved for purifying purposes by treating
it with atmospheric air or oxygen in an open or closed vessel either free or under
pressure with or without agitation as required before use or after being placed in
the purifier to revivify it.
The residual liquor from the galvanizers pickle after the iron oxide is separated
in the process of filtration I boil or evaporate down to suitable strength and add
to it sulphuric acid then calcine in a retort furnace or other suitable appliance
condensing the fumes in an ordinary tower or otherwise thus recovoring the hydro-
chloric acid in a pure and strong state. The residuum (calcium sulphate) which
is obtained therefrom I treat with cyanide, blue or any other colour or material or
disinfecting agent and form into squares bricks or other shape for domestic or other
use as rubbing cleaning or colouring stones etcætera.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
1 claim is :-
1. A material or compound for purifying gas sewage or other matter consisting
of an iron oxide mixed with kieselguhr substantially as described.
2. A material or compound for purifying gas sewage or other matter prepared
from galvanizers pickle or the spent acids from wire workers copper smelters or
galvanizers consisting of precipitated hydroxides of iron with the addition thereto
of a desired quantity of kieselguhr substantially as described.
3. A material or compound for purifying gas sewage or other matter prepared
from the waste hydrated oxide of iron from aniline works with the addition thereto
of a desired quantity of kieselguhr substantially as described.
4. A material or compound for purifying gas sewage or other matter consisting
of precipitated iron hydroxide-such as prepared from galvanizers pickle a
hydrated iron oxide-such as obtained from aniline works in about equal pro-
portions and a quantity of kieselguhr infusorial earth sawdust or other suitable
absorbent material substantially as described.

page_text: 5. A colouring matter or pigment of red oxide of iron prepared or manufactured
from a purifying compound of residual iron oxides mixed with kieselguhr after the
sulphur has been separated or recovered substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of July 1805.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.