Improvements in Apparatus for Boring or Piercing the Backs, Boards, or similar Parts in the Manufacture of Brushes, which Improvements are also Applicable for other Uses.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 20th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 30th Aug., 1887,
Improvements in Apparatus for Boring or Piercing the Backs,
Boards, or similar Parts in the Manufacture of Brushes, which
Improvements are also Applicable for other Uses.
We JAMES RAPER, MASON PEARSON and FREDERICK GILL, all of the firm of
Raper Pearson & Gill of Royal Victor Place, Old Ford Road in the County of
Middlesex, Brush Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of the present invention is to enable the boring or piercing of the boards
or blocks of brushes, to receive the bristles or other material, to be effected in a more
expeditious, economical and uniform manner than at present is possible by the means
generally employed and to facilitate the employment of power therein so as to dispense
as much as possible with skilled labour for the purpose.
The invention has particular reference to the class of machinery described in the
specification of Letters Patent granted to the present applicants and bearing date
the 25th day of October one thousand eight hundred and eighty four No. 14153 and
is designed to extend the application of such machinery and to reduce the space
occupied by the same as well as to secure other advantages.
According to the present improvements we greatly increase the facilities of
adjustment of the moveable and adjustable table or support formed to retain and hold
the brush board to be bored during that operation relatively to the boring tool of the
machine and we obtain thereto by means of our improvements four separate
relative motions and modifications or combinations thereof; namely, a longitudinal
traversing, or fore and aft, motion, a transverse to and fro motion, a swinging or
more or less rotary motion around its longitudinal axial line and a swinging motion
at right angles to the last, or on an axial line at right angles to that referred to as the
longitudinal axial line.
1
These motions are attained by supporting the adjustable table in slide ways grooved
to receive it and admitting of end way motion when a rack applied thereto is taken
into and operated by tooth gearing from the pattern surface, for the one motion; and
by the middle portion or bed proper of the supporting table being stationary whilst

page_text: the tool in its carrier is traversed to and fro transversely by motion being transmitted
from the pattern surface to the tool carrier by the intervention of a gear wheel and
racks causing the tool carrier to slide in its bearing parts correspondingly to the
motion imparted by the pattern surfaces and the work to be effected. The outer
portion of the supporting table being hung on axes pivotted on bearings crosswise of
its length and the inner bed being similarly supported on bearings in the outer support
at right angles or longitudinally, any motion imparted to arcs, toothed wheels or like
parts applied on those axes causes a tilting or inclination to be imparted to the
bed and the board it carries adapted to present any desired parts of such board at
any desired inclinations to the tool in succession by arranging the pattern surface
accordingly.
According to the present invention the desired motions to the various parts are
attained in a more direct, simple and convenient manner in many respects than in our
invention the subject of our former Letters Patent referred to, although the method
or system of employing pattern surfaces arranged in two sets or pairs in series acting
alternately the rises of one set supporting their operated parts whilst the other set are
making their changes of position for change of pattern is retained.
The pattern surfaces formed of sets of pins or rising and falling projections or
walls are arranged around discs or plates pivotted to rotate on central axes of motion
and each set is in turn raised and lowered intermittently by eccentrics on the main
driving axis whilst motion is imparted to the set out of operation in its descent, or
lower position to cause rotation and change of surface to be presented to the slides
which by means of rack or such like surfaces give motion to the parts operating the
different supports of and giving the inclinations to the brush board bed as well as to
the boring tool holder.
By machinery thus arranged and constructed a compactness is attained very
economical of space occupied, with great range of form of brush board capable of
being bored as for instance from a flat board with rows of parallel vertical holes to a
" porcupine "brush with rows of holes radially around a semi-circular block or board
or other rounded forms as may be desired.
The arrangement of the parts may be varied in detail without departing from the
essential features of the invention and the invention is also applicable to boring or
shaping wood or other material, in a similar manner to that herein set forth for brush
backs, for other uses.
1 11.
contohan 100C

page_text: We JAMES RAPER, MASON PEARSON and FREDERICK GILL, all of the firm of
Raper Pearson & Gill, of Royal Victor Place Old Ford Road in the County of
Middlesex, Brush Makers do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to enable the boring or piercing of the boards
or blocks of brushes, to receive the bristles or other material, to be effected in a more
expeditious, economical and uniform manner than at present is possible by the
means generally employed and to facilitate the employment of power therein so
as to dispense as much as possible with skilled labour for the purpose.
The invention has particular reference to the class of machinery described in the
specification of Letters Patent granted to the present Applicants and bearing date
the 25th day of October One thousand eight hundred and eighty four No. 14153 and
is designed to extend the application of such machinery and (if desired) to reduce the
space occupied by the machine designed to manufacture the same size of brushes as
well as to secure other advantages.
According to the present improvements we greatly increase the facilities of
adjustment of the moveable and adjustable table or support formed to retain and hold
the brush board to be bored during that operation relatively to the boring tool of the
machine and we obtain thereto by means of our improvements four separate relative
motions and modifications or combinations thereof; namely, a longitudinal traversing,
or fore and aft, motion, a transverse to and fro motion, a swinging or more or less
rotary motion around its longitudinal axial line and a swinging motion at right angles
to the last, or on an axial line at right angles to that referred to as the longitudinal
axial line.
These motions are attained by supporting the adjustable table in slide ways grooved
to receive it and admitting of endway motion when a rack applied thereto is taken
into and operated by tooth gearing from the pattern surface, for the one motion; and
by the middle portion or bed proper of the supporting table being stationary whilst
the tool in its carrier is traversed to and fro transversely by motion being transmitted
from the pattern surface to the tool carrier by the intervention of a gear wheel and

page_text: racks causing the tool carrier to slide in its bearing parts correspondingly to the
motion imparted by the pattern surfaces and the work to be effected. The outer
portion of the supporting table being hung on axes pivotted on bearings
crosswise of its length and the inner bed being similarly supported on bearings in the
outer support at right angles or longitudinally, any motion imparted to arcs, toothed
wheels or like parts applied on those axes causes a tilting or inclination to be
imparted to the bed and the board it carries adapted to present any desired parts of
such board at any desired inclinations to the tool in succession by arranging the
pattern surface accordingly.
According to the present invention the desired motions to the various parts are
attained in a more direct, simple and convenient manner in many respects than in our
invention the subject of our former Letters Patent referred to, although the method
or system of employing pattern surfaces arranged in two sets or pairs in series acting
alternately the rises of one set supporting their operated parts whilst the other set are
making their changes of position for change of pattern is retained.
The pattern surfaces formed of sets of pins or rising and falling projections or walls
are arranged around discs or plates pivotted to rotate on central axes of motion and
each set is in turn raised and lowered intermittently by eccentrics on the main driving
axis whilst motion is imparted to the set out of operation in its descent or lower
position to cause rotation and change of surface to be presented to the slides which by
means of rack or such like surfaces give motion to the parts operating the different
supports of and giving the inclinations to the brush board bed as well as to the boring
tool holder.
By machinery thus arranged and constructed a compactness is attained very
economical of space occupied, with great range of form of brush board capable of
being bored as for instance from a flat board with rows of parallel vertical holes to a
porcupine" brush with rows of holes radially around a semi-circular block or board
or other rounded forms as may be desired.
66
The arrangement of the parts may be varied in detail without departing from the
essential features of the invention and the invention is also applicable to boring or
shaping wood or other material, in a similar manner to that herein set forth for brush
backs, for other uses.
Figure
Figure 2 is a back view of same.
operator
Figure 3 is a sectional side view of the same taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a plan view partly in section of parts of the apparatus showing the peg
wheel I and parts operating therewith separately and the stopping gear.
Figure 5 is an end view of the machine.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view.
Figure 7 is a plan view.
Figure 8 is an underside view and
Figure 9 is an end view of the cradle a slide b and carriage c and parts for operating
same drawn to a larger scale than the preceding views to facilitate comprehension of
the relative working and construction of these parts but this may be effected by other
and well understood devices adaptable readily to the purpose.
a is the moveable adjustable table or platform to hold the brush board during
boring. The line 2-2 shows the longitudinal axial line of the platform a and 3-3
is the transverse axial line thereof. On this platform is mounted a board not shewn
in these inain views but shewn at B in the separate views of these parts drawn to a
larger scale at Figures 6 and 7 wherein the dotted lines B' indicate a form of brush
back to which the machine is adapted to give the form of the holes shown or others
as required. This brush back B₁ is held in the corresponding recess B² formed in the
board B. This board is connected to the rocking platform or cradle a by wedging

page_text: between the end pieces B³ B³ or otherwise as found convenient for removal and
replacement for change of form of holder B². This platform or cradle a swings on
axes a¹ a¹ carried in bearings a² a² borne by the slide b which slides in grooves b¹ b₁
on the sides of the carriage or swing frame c which thus surrounds and supports the
swing platform a and its carriage, and this outer frame again hangs suspended on axes
or centres of motion c¹ c² carried in bearings c³c³ supported by the short standards d¹ d²
affixed to the main framework d of the machine. This platform a is formed on its
underside a³ of semicircular or semi-cylindrical form with teeth cut longitudinally
therein which are taken into by a toothed wheel e mounted on a stud e¹ carried by
the under part of the frame and upon this stud e¹ and carried by the face of this
wheel e is a bevel wheel e² which gears into the teeth of another bevel wheel e³
mounted on a hollow shaft e' which is slid on a cross shaft f carried in bearings c
borne by the frame c and on the other end of this hollow axis e is mounted the tooth
wheel which engages the teeth of the tooth wheel g mounted on a hollow axis h
which is slidden on the axis c² which axis passes through the hollow axis h and thence
through long bearing in the standard i. The hollow axis h also carries the tooth
wheel g' which engages the teeth of the rack slide j the lower end of which is formed
into a toe adapted to be raised by the pegs or pins k¹ of the peg wheel k or held by
the pins of the peg wheel alternately as will be described. The cross shaft f,
carries at one end the tooth wheel f¹ which engages the teeth of a rack 62 affixed on
the underside of the slide b so as to move that slide and its cradle a to and fro
longitudinally as the work is to be traversed under the drill m. On the other end of
this cross shaft is mounted another tooth wheel the teeth of which engage the
teeth of the wheel mounted on the hollow shaft f which also carries the tooth
wheel the teeth of which engage the teeth of the rack of the rack bar j' which also
receives motion from or is held up alternately by the pegs k³ 13. On the axis c² is
mounted the tooth wheel c' the teeth of which engage with the teeth of the rack of
the rack bar j¹ the toe of which is raised held or lowered alternately by the pegs k²
or 12 of the peg wheels k or l.
The drill m is mounted on a rod m¹ which rotates carried in bearings n' n' carried
by the sliding plate n which slides in keyways formed on the fixed plate o attached to
the standard i. This slide n is provided with a rack n² the teeth of which are engaged
by the teeth of the tooth wheel n³ carried on a short axis n carried in bearings on the
standard and this axis n' also carries at its other end another tooth wheel nº the
teeth of which take into the teeth of the rack formed on the rear face of the rack bar j³
which is raised held and lowered alternately, by the pins * or * of the pin wheels k
or . The upper end of the drill rod m² is suspended on a universal joint m² slung on
the end m³ of the lever m' which has its fulcrum at m³ and which carries at its opposite
end me the bar p from which motion to cause the drill to approach towards or recede
from the work is obtained by means of this bar p. at its lower end being connected to
a pin p¹ carried eccentrically on the face of the disc p³ the hollow axis p³ of which is
carried on the arm p', this hollow stem p³ also carrying a tooth wheel p³ which
engages another tooth wheel pe mounted on a stud p² carried by the main framing
which wheel p also gears with another tooth wheel mounted on the main axis
the machine. The rotatory motion to the drill is derived from a bands from a
suitable driving pulley passing around the pulley m on the stem m¹. On the main
axis q are also mounted the cams rr, for operating respectively the bowls on the
stems jointed to the frame bars 10 10 of the peg wheels k and land sliding in
bearings provided for the purpose of steadying them.
of
The peg wheels k and I are respectively provided with sockets or hollow stems * 1ª
which receive and are supported with capability of rotation on central stems or
axes k' which are carried by the frame bars 10 110, which bars k20 110 respectively
are supported on stems sliding in sockets or bearings klaffixed to the under
framing. The wheels k and I rest on the bars 10 110 to the underside of which are
respectively, connected the framings and the whole of these parts are capable of
rising and falling together as they are raised and lowered by the rods k³ 1.
On the framings are mounted bearings 21 in which are borne axes k¹³ [13

page_text: on which are affixed respectively ratchet wheels k 14 which as they descend engage
alternately the clicks or drivers k 11 which are supported on studs projecting from
the arms from the main framing and by the engagement thereof the ratchet
wheels are alternately moved one tooth and this movement being communicated to the
axes 13 13 is imparted also to other bevel tooth wheels mounted on the other
ends of those axes and these engaging the teeth of the bevel wheels k18 118 respectively
the rotatory step by step motion is imparted to each of the tooth wheels 19 119 mounted
on the same shafts as those wheels 18 118 and is alternately communicated by them to
the peg wheels and by the teeth k¹ 119 engaging the pegs k¹¹ thereof.
The end of the axis c² carries a short arm c³ to the outer end of which is connected
a spring having a constant strain thereon adapted to counterbalance the weight of
the rack bar j.
The connection between the end of the bar p and the end me of the lever m¹ is made
elastic by means of the stud m³ engaging in a loop p' of the bar p and this stud is
normally pressed against the upper side of the loop by a spring på but should the drill
meet with obstruction to its easy passage through the brush back the rod rises, raises
the end m³ of lever m* and depressing the stud me overcomes the spring p³.
20 120 are each a spring stop the wedge shaped end or nose of which engages in the
spaces between the pegs of the peg wheels k respectively and serve to steady those
wheels in their correct position and prevent their resting with their pegs otherwise
than correctly under either of the respective racks for the time in operation.
Each spring stop 20 120 is respectively held by arms supported from the
framings au pi
a is a spring attached at one end to a stop a³ affixed to the slide 6 and at its other
end connected to the band a which passes partly around the small groove guide
pulley a and thence it passes partly around and is secured to the grooved pulley a³
affixed to the shaft a¹ on which is similarly fixed the cradle a so as to exercise a
constant reverse tension thereon so as to cause the cradle a to return after each opera-
tion thereon of the toothed wheel e.
64 is a
spring connected at its one end to a stud 63 affixed to a projection from the
carriage c and at its other end attached to a stud 65 affixed in the slide 6 and so as to
exercise a constant reverse tension to cause the slide b to return after each operation
of the teeth of the tooth wheel f¹ on the teeth 6' the rack 62 of the slide b.
These springs serve to counterbalance the weight of the rack bars operating the
respective parts controlled by them.
As soon as an operation of boring one complete set of holes in a brush back has
been effected, an inclined projection 122 on the rim of the wheel / comes in contact with
the underside of an arm s rigidly affixed to an axis s' which also carries at its other
end another arm s² also rigidly affixed thereto, and raising the arm s. causes this arm s²
to move inwards and come in contact with a pin s³ projecting upwards from the arm st
of a cranked lever centred at st, the arms of this lever presses against the upper
end of the springs causing it to be removed from a retaining recess or notch in the
groove of the plates and to slide in along that groove, catching against a pin s10
fixed in the rod s¹¹ carrying the belt fork 2 and removing the driving belt from the
fast pulley q¹ onto the loose pulley q², but to ensure that the machine shall come to a
rest at the proper point of completion of a set of borings and in position to recommence
a fresh set properly the movement of the spring arms also causes the nose t¹ of the
stop piece t carried on an arm t2 projecting from the main framing to engage in a
recess formed in the edge q* of the rim of the pulley q' by means of a band s¹³
connected to the spring stop piece t and passing partly around and being affixed to
the rim of a pulley s affixed on an axis s on the other end of which is als affixed
the pulley to which is similarly connected one end of another band 17 the other
end of which is attached to a stud affixed to the upper ends of the springs and so
that the movement of said spring on its release from a recess in the plate s slackens
the band and permits the partial rotation of the intervening spindles and thereby
slackens the band 13 allowing the projection t¹ to enter the recess 9³ and so correctly
stop the machine at a predetermined position.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we do not claim
herein any portion of the invention described in the specification of Letters Patent
No. 14153 dated 25th October 1884 but what we do claim is :-
1. In apparatus for the manufacture of brushes or other articles the arrangement or
combination of parts for effecting the piercing or boring of the boards or blocks with
holes to receive the bristles or equivalent material or for other use and for effecting
the adjustment of the moveable and adjustable cradle table or support for the retention
of the brush or like board during the operation of boring so as to present the board to
be bored successively in the desired positions to the boring tool as and for the purposes
herein set forth.
2. In apparatus for the manufacture of brushes or other articles to be bored in like
manner the arrangement or combination of parts forming an adjustable and moveable
table or support for retaining and holding the brush or other board or part to be bored
during boring so as to present the board relatively to the boring tool in a succession of
angular positions as and for the purposes substantially as set forth.
3. In apparatus for the manufacture of brushes or of other articles to be similarly
bored the arrangement or combination and use of parts for operating and controlling
the movements of the drill relatively to the article to be bored as set forth.
4. The general arrangement and combination and use of apparatus for the manu-
facture of brushes or other articles to be bored in a similar manner operating sub-
stantially as herein set forth.