Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Distributing Antiseptics or Disinfectants.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1894-Accepted, 29th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Distributing
Antiseptics or Disinfectants.
I, HENRI PAUL MORIN, of No. 70, Rue Dulong, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for
distributing antiseptics or disinfectants.
The methods generally employed for disinfecting rooms or articles by means
of antiseptic liquids are by washing or spraying or by natural evaporation.
Another process generally employed with one or both of the above mentioned
methods is by stoving which consists in subjecting the objects to be disinfected to
a determined temperature in a heated drying stove or chamber.
The washing process is only practically effective upon certain surfaces such as
ceilings, floors, walls and the like when not painted or covered with tapestries or
hangings susceptible of being injured by the liquid employed. By the spraying
process the antiseptic liquid partially falls before being utilized; and the stoving
process necessitates a special and costly apparatus and the disinfection by this
process, although very efficacious, cannot be repeated as often as required for
bygienic purposes.
My invention has for object to remedy these inconveniences and to this end I
employ a novel process of applying antiseptics by means of dry steam, which
may be superheated, resulting from the change of state, by heat, or by chemical
or electro-chemical reactions, of the antiseptic itself, or by vaporizing any suitable
liquid such as water which serves as a vehicle for the antiseptic.
For vaporizing antiseptic liquids or antiseptic solutions by this process I employ
a distributing apparatus consisting essentially of a vessel or steam generator
traversed by a tube and provided with a safety-valve arranged upon a filling plug,
the steam generator carrying at its upper part tubes provided at one of their ends
with nozzles directed upon a disc provided with vanes, which disc can turn on a
central pivot and is in the path of the gases from the heating arrangement.
In some cases I employ a distributing apparatus consisting essentially of a vessel
or steam generator traversed by a central tube and provided with a safety-valve
arranged upon a filling plug, the steam generator carrying at its upper part a bent
tube which traverses the path of the hot gases from the heating arrangement and
the outer end of which is provided with a nozzle.
I sometimes employ a distributing apparatus consisting essentially of a vessel
or steam generator provided with a safety-valve arranged upon a filling plug and
partially enclosing the bent tube within the vessel, one end of the said tube
communicating with the upper part of the steam generator and the other end being
in direct contact with the flames from the heating arrangement and provided with
a nozzle.
For supporting above a lamp or other suitable source of heat the three types of
distributing apparatus above described I provide a support or stand composed of
a ring carrying the steam generator and having lugs or projections provided with
axes on which pivot legs formed of metal wire and carrying at their upper part
stops which determine the extent of their outward movement; the legs of the
support may be fixed in their distended position by a wire ring adapted to engage
in recesses formed in the said legs.

page_text: For vaporizing antiseptic solutions which become concentrated by heat I make
use of an instantaneous vapor generator formed by two superposed plates rivetted
or connected together by any suitable means and on which or on one of which is
formed a groove covered or not with a coating proof against the attacks of the
liquids to be vaporized and communicating at one part with an inlet tubulure for
the liquid, fixed upon one of the plates, and at the other part with the atmosphere
by an opening of small dimensions.
Or I may employ an instantaneous vaporizing generator constructed of two
truncated cones mounted one upon the other, the inner one of which is formed with
a spiral groove communicating at one part with the inlet tubulure for the liquid
fixed upon the outer cone and at the other part with the atmosphere through an
opening of small dimensions, the said spiral groove by reason of its upward path
through the cones producing simultaneously the vaporization and the superheating
of the antiseptic liquid.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMI LINIE DIECIFICATION
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Distributing
Antiseptics or Disinfectants.
I, HENRI PAUL MORIN, of No. 70, Rue Dulong, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for
distributing antiseptics or disinfectants.
The methods generally employed for disinfecting rooms or articles by means of
antiseptic liquids are by washing or spraying or by natural evaporation. Another
process generally employed with one or both of the above mentioned methods is
by stoving which consists in subjecting the objects to be disinfected to a determined
temperature in a heated drying stove or chamber.
The washing process is only practically effective upon certain surfaces such as
ceilings, floors, walls and the like when not painted or covered with tapestries
or hangings susceptible of being injured by the liquid employed.
By the spraying process the antiseptic liquid partially falls before being utilized,
and the stoving process necessitates a special and costly apparatus and the
disinfection by this process, although very efficacious, cannot be repeated as
often as required for hygienic purposes.
My invention has for object to remedy these inconveniences and to this end
I employ a novel process of applying antiseptics by means of dry steam, which
may be superheated, resulting from the change of state, by heat, or by chemical
or electro-chemical reactions, of the antiseptic itself, or by vaporizing any suitable
liquid such as water which serves as a vehicle for the antiseptic.
In carrying out the invention I employ various apparatuses based upon the
same principle and which are represented in the various figures of the accompanying
drawing,
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a steam generator having a diffusing or
spreading arrangement and a superheater.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a similar steam generator having an upper
- nozzle and a superheater.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a similar steam generator having a lower
nozzle and a superheater.
"

page_text: Figure 4 is a plan of the diffuser or spreader of the steam generator shewn
in Figure 1 and provided with vanes or wings.
Figure 5 is an elevation of the support or stand of the steam generator.
Figure 6 is a plan of the upper ring of the steam generator support.
Figures 7 and 8 are respectively a plan of a vaporizing plate and a sectional
elevation of an apparatus provided with two plates for instantaneous vaporization.
Figure 9 is a sectional elevation of the vaporizing apparatus shewn in Figure 8
mounted above a heating arrangement.
Figure 10 is a sectional elevation of a double cone arrangement for instantaneous
vaporization and superheating.
The steam generator shewn in Figure 1 consists essentially of a vessel a,
preferably of metal but which can be of porcelain, faience or other suitable material
proof against the attacks of the antiseptic employed. This vessel a, is traversed
by a central tube a', narrowed towards its upper part at a², so as to form at
the upper part of the vessel an annular chamber communicating with the
atmosphere by means of two or more tubes b, b, the said tubes being curved and
provided at their ends with conical nozzles ₁, ¹. These nozzles are connected
together by one or more cross bars formed in one with a central rod d, having
a pointed end upon which turns a glass socket e', of a diffuser or spreader e,
consisting of a disc of metal cut or stamped out to form inclined vanes or wings
as shewn in Figure 4.
A thick tube screw-threaded internally is soldered or otherwise suitably fixed
to the vessel a, and is provided with a screwed plug f' having a central opening
closed by a valve f2, upon which bears a spring f. This latter arrangement
serves as a safety valve and further allows of the vessel being filled when the
plug is unscrewed.
a,
The operation of the improved apparatus is as follows:-The vessel is nearly
half filled with the antiseptic liquid and the plug f¹ is then screwed in. The
vessel a is then exposed to the flame of a lamp or other suitable source of
heat which passes through the tube a', and heats the spreader or distributer e.
When steam is generated it rises to the upper part a², of the steam generator
where it is dried by contact with the upper walls of the tube a', and when its
pressure is sufficient it escapes through the nozzles b¹, b', and comes against the
vanes of the spreader or distributer e, which is thereby caused to rotate.
steam is completely dried and superheated during its passage over the heated
vanes and is then projected by the said vanes in all directions and to a sufficiently
great radius as the spreaders or distributers are so constructed as to make about
2000 revolutions per minute.
The
1 can arrange beneath the spreader or distributer a bucket containing a product
to be volatilized such as a resinous product which cannot be employed in the
interior of the apparatus by reason of the obstructions which might result. The
volatilization is produced by the action of the currents of hot gases discharged
from the apparatus through the nozzles. Or I can arrange a similar bucket or
basket in the central tube a' which will be of suitable dimensions so that the
resinous products volatilized by the direct action of the heat shall rise in the
tube and be thrown, mixed with gaseous products issuing through the nozzles of
the boiler, into the space by the spreader or distributer.
The improved diffusing apparatus can be constructed without a spreader or
distributer, as shewn in Figure 2, in which case the vessel a, is similar to that
just described but the steam can only escape therefrom through a single
nozzle 6', placed at the end of a curved or bent tube b, the horizontal part of
which is arranged above the tube a', so as to be heated by the flame passing
through this tube thereby drying the steam on its way to the nozzle b³.
In another arrangement the vessel a of the diffusing apparatus is not provided
with a central tube and the tube b, which conveys the dry steam from the upper
part of the steam generator a, passes below the latter and is there bent, the
horizontal portion of the said tube being provided at its end with a nozzle for

page_text: the discharge of the steam. The horizontal portion of the tube being directly
In this
heated by the flame the steam passing through it is thereby dried.
arrangement the safety valve is placed at the centre of the vessel a, at its
upper part.
In order to allow of easily heating the distributing apparatus above described
I employ a metal support or stand, Figures 5 and 6, comprising a ring g
preferably of wire having three lugs or projections 91, 92, 93, in each of which is
arranged a small axis ¹ upon which pivot the wire legs h which can take the
two positions shewn, in full and dotted lines. In the first position the three
legs can be introduced into the glass of a lamp by slightly pressing together the
legs which are held at their upper part by a stop 2 which bears on the outside
edge of the corresponding projections g', 93, 9³ in order to determine the minimum
movement of the legs.
In the position shewn in dotted lines which allows of a spirit lamp being placed
between the legs h, h, h, these latter are held by a metal ring i which engages in
recesses as shewn in the drawing.
In order to transform into dry or superheated steam antiseptic bodies the
solutions of which are concentrated by evaporation as bi-chlorate of mercury, for
example, I employ by preference a generator which vaporizes instantaneously.
At one
This generator is constructed of two metal plates k, k¹ superposed and connected
together by rivets or in any other suitable manner (Figures 7 and 8). The face
of one of these two plates or their two contiguous faces is or are provided with
a straight or sinuous groove / so as to leave between them a small space.
end of the groove and perpendicular thereto one of the plates k is provided with
a screw-threaded hole in which is screwed a tubulure m of some material which is
a bad conductor of heat; the other end of the groove opens to the atmosphere
through a very small opening 1.
The groove and the two faces in contact with the plates can be covered with
an enamel proof against the attacks of the antiseptic employed, or with magnétite
when the plates are of cast metal or steel.
After having placed the steam generator so constructed over a lamp n provided
with an outer casing n' thus concentrating the heat beneath the whole of the two
plates, the liquid to be vaporized is injected under pressure by means of a pump
through the tubulure m which being constructed of a material which is a bad
conductor of heat does not assist the heating of this liquid before it reaches the
groove; but immediately it comes in contact with the walls of this groove it
becomes vaporized instantaneously and the steam superheated during its passage
through the groove / escapes through the opening .
In another arrangement of steam generator for instantaneous evaporation the
generator is constructed of two concentric truncated cones p, p¹ (Figure 10)
arranged one within the other the inner one p being provided externally with a
spiral groove q communicating at one part with a tubulure for the inlet of water
and at another with the atmosphere. This method of construction allows of the
easy covering of the groove and the cones with enamel or magnétite.
The heating arrangement is placed within the cones and the liquid enters
through the base. This latter arrangement of generator operates in exactly the
same manner as the preceding one but the steam is superheated before being
discharged by reason of its spiral upward passage between the cones p, p¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A novel process of applying antiseptics consisting of distributing the
antiseptics by means of dry steam, superheated or not, in contaminated localities or
places susceptible of, becoming so, this steam resulting from the change of state of
the antiseptic itself or by the vaporization of any suitable liquid which serves as a
vehicle for the antiseptic, the change of state or the vaporization being produced
by the application of heat, substantially as hereinbefore described.

page_text: . For vaporizing antiseptic liquids or antiseptic solutions by the process forming
subject of Claim 1 :—
(a) A distributing apparatus consisting essentially of a vessel or steam
generator traversed by a tube and provided with a safety-valve arranged
upon a filling plug, the steam generator carrying at its upper part tubes
each provided at one of its ends with nozzles directed upon a disc provided
with vanes, which disc is adapted to turn on a central pivot and is in the
path of the gases from the heating arrangement as hereinbefore described
and represented in Figures 1 and 4 of the accompanying drawing.
(b) A distributing apparatus consisting essentially of a vessel or steam
generator traversed by a central tube and provided with a safety-valve
arranged upon a filling plug, the steam generator carrying at its upper part
a bent tube which traverses the path of the hot gases from the heating
arrangement and the outer end of which is provided with a nozzle as
herein before described and represented in Figure 2 of the accompanying
drawing.
() A distributing apparatus consisting essentially of a vessel or steam
generator provided with a safety-valve arranged upon a filling plug and
partially enclosing a bent tube within the vessel one end of the said tube
communicating with the upper part of the steam generator and the other
end being in direct contact with the flames from the heating arrangement
and provided with a nozzle as hereinbefore described and represented in
Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing.
3. For supporting above a lamp or other suitable source of heat the three types
distributing apparatus forming the subject of Claim a support or stand
structed of a ring carrying the steam generator and having lugs or projections
ovided with axes on which pivot legs formed of metal wire and carrying at their
per part stops which determine the extent of their outward movement; the legs
the support being adapted to be fixed in their distended position by a wire
g engaging in recesses formed in the legs as herein before described and
strated in Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawing.
heat-
4. For vaporizing by my process antiseptic solutions which become concentrated
(a) An instantaneous vapor generator formed by two superposed plates rivetted
or connected together by any suitable means and on which or on one of
which is formed a groove covered or not with a coating proof against the
attacks of the liquids to be vaporized and communicating at one part with
an inlet tubulure for the liquid, fixed upon one of the plates, and at the
other part with the atmosphere by an opening of small dimensions as
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 7, 8 and 9 of the
accompanying drawing.
(b) An instantaneous vaporizing generator constructed of two truncated cones
mounted one upon the other, the inner one of which is formed with a spiral
groove communicating at one part with the inlet tubulure for the liquid fixed
upon the outer cone and at the other part with the atmosphere through an
opening of small dimensions, the said spiral groove by reason of its upward
path through the cones producing simultaneously the vaporization and the
superheating of the antiseptic liquid as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Figure 10 of the annexed drawing.
Dated the 23rd day of November 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.