IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING THE ENDS AND JOINTS OF PIPES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Shinton, of Blaina, near Newport, in the
County of Monmouth, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FORMING THE ENDS AND JOINTS OF PIPES."
Sealed the 10th November 1868, and dated the 12th May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Shinton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th May 1868.
I, THOMAS SHINTON, of Blaina, near Newport, in the County of
Monmouth, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING THE ENDS AND JOINTS OF PIPES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in forming the ends
and joints of pipes. In order to form joints capable of withstanding a
heavy pressure, and without requiring that the pipes should be laid
rigidly in a straight line, I so form the ends of the pipes that when
putting two ends together to make a joint they may retain and compress
between then a ring of vulcanized india-rubber or other compressible

page_text: material, such ring being supported whilst exposed to the pressure on
all four sides, each end of the pipe supporting it on two sides. On
one pipe there is formed a spigot or projection somewhat exceeding in
length the thickness of the packing ring employed and slightly tapered
externally. The packing ring surrounds this spigot, and also rests upon
a flat surface formed at the end of the pipe around the base of the spigot,
and which surface is of the same width as the packing ring, or there-
about. The other pipe has a recess in its end corresponding with the
spigot of the first pipe, and at the outer end of this recess is a flat
surface of the width of the packing ring which rests upon it when the
joint is made. This flat surface again forms the bottom of a recess
somewhat deeper than the thickness of the packing ring, and the walls
of this recess when the joint is made support the ring on its outer side,
so that the ring being supported on all four sides, two sides by each
pipe, it cannot escape whatever may be the pressure applied. The ends
of the pipes are furnished with lugs and screw bolts to draw them
together, or bolts and cottars may be employed in place of screws. A
packing ring of lead may often advantageously be used in place of
vulcanised india-rubber, or cement may be substituted for the packing
ring.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Shinton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I; THOMAS
SHINTON, of Blaina, near Newport, in the County of Monmouth, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Thomas Shinton, Her special licence that
I, the said Thomas Shinton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Thomas Shinton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times, thereafter during the term therein expressed,

page_text: should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FORMING THE ENDS
AND JOINTS OF PIPES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Thomas Shinton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Shinton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in forming the ends
and joints of pipes. In order to form joints capable of withstanding a
heavy pressure, and without requiring that the pipes should be laid
rigidly in a straight line, I so form the ends of the pipes that when
putting two ends together to make a joint they may retain and com-
press between them a ring of vulcanised india-rubber or other compres-
sible material, such ring being supported whilst exposed to the pressure
on all four sides, each end of the pipe supporting it on two sides. On
one pipe there is formed a spigot or projection somewhat exceeding in
length the thickness of the packing ring employed and slightly tapered
externally. The packing ring surrounds this spigot, and also rests upon
a flat surface formed at the end of the pipe around the base of the
spigot, and which surface is of the same width as the packing ring, or
thereabout. The other pipe has a recess in its end corresponding with
the spigot of the first pipe, and at the other end of this recess is a flat
surface of the width of the packing ring, which rests upon it when the
joint is made. This flat surface again forms the bottom of a recess some-
what deeper than the thickness of the packing ring, and the walls of this
recess when the joint is made support the ring on its, outer side, so that
the ring being supported on all four sides, two sides by each pipe, it
cannot escape whatever may be the pressure applied. The ends of the
pipes are furnished with lugs and screw bolts to draw them together, or
bolts and cotters may be employed in place of screws. A packing. ring

page_text: of lead may often advantageously be used in place of vulcanised india-
rubber, or cement may be substituted for the packing ring.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed
Figure 1 shews a longitudinal section of the ends of two pipes formed
and jointed together as above described.
a is the packing ring, supported as above described on its inner side
and on one of its sides respectively by the spigot 6', and by the flat
surface b³, which are both formed at the end of the pipe 6, whilst the
other face of the packing ring and its outer side are supported respec-
tively by the end and walls of the recess c¹ formed at the end of the
pipe c, the ends of the two pipes are in the arrangement shewn held
together by two screw bolts passing through lugs formed on the ends of
the pipes; the nuts of these bolts are shewn in the Drawing not to be
screwed up, but when these nuts are tightly screwed up the packing
ring will be compressed and caused to bear on all its four sides against
those parts of the ends of the two pipes which surround it; the packing
ring shown in Figure 1. is an ordinary india-rubber joint ring. When
a packing ring of lead is used I prefer to form it of the section shewn at
Figure 2, the two opposite faces of the ring being recessed as shewn in
order that the lead may make good smooth joints by compression; or as
before stated cement or other material may be substituted for the packing
ring.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Shinton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of November, in the year