IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING BREWERS' WORTS AND BEER
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Edward Flower, of Stratford-upon-Avon,
in the County, of Warwick, Brewer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN COOLING BREWERS' WORTS AND BEER."
Sealed the 8th November 1867, and dated the 13th August 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Edward Flower
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th August 1867.
I, CHARLES EDWARD FLOWER, of Stratford-upon-Avon, in the County of
Warwick, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING BREWERS WORTS AND BEER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the improvements, herein-after described, in
cooling brewers' worts.and beer. In the ordinary method of cooling brewers"
worts and beer the wort or beer is put into a refrigerator, and cold spring or
river water passed through the tubes of the refrigerator; the temperature of
the wort or beer is thereby reduced or nearly reduced to that of the cold water
employed.
In cooling-brewers-worts and beer according to my Invention I use in the
refrigerator, in place of cold spring or river water, brine, or water-in which has
-been-dissolved-sugar, or saline, or other soluble matters which will produce a
liquid or solution of considerably greater density or specific, gravity than

page_text: water..
Before using the said brine or other solution in the refrigerator I
reduce the temperature of the said brine or solution by the use of any of the
ordinary ice-making or refrigerating machines, or by pumping it through pipes
surround. by a mixture of ice or snow and salt.
In cooling worts I prefer that the boiling worts shall be first cooled on
coolers or in an ordinary refrigerator with spring or river water to as low a
temperature as the air or water will allow, after which I use the cold brine or
other dense solution to reduce the temperature still further.
In cooling beer I proceed as follows: After the beer has been fermented
by the ordinary methods I run or pump it into vats (or tanks to settle, and in
order to facilitate its becoming bright rapidly I reduce the temperature to
below fifty degrees Fahrenheit by the use of cold brine or other dense solution
passed through metal pipes in the vat or, tank.
By brewers's worts I mean any infusion of malt and hops, or a liquid con-
sisting mainly of an infusion of malt and hops; and by beer I mean any such
solution after it has undergone fermentation.
The essence of my Invention consists in cooling brewers' worts and beer by
the use of brine or other dense solution which has been artificially reduced to
a low temperature...
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Edward Flower in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 7th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
EDWARD FLOWER, of Stratford-upon-Avon, in the County of Warwick,
Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Edward Flower, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Edward
Flower, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the 'said
Charles Edward Flower, my executors, administrators, and assigns, 'should'
at any time agree with, and no ötliers, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
nake, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands; and. Isle of Man, an Invention for

page_text: "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING BREWERS' WORTS AND BEER," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Edward Flower, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed; and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Edward Flower, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
'
My Invention consists of the improvements, herein-after described, in
cooling brewers' worts and beer. In the ordinary method of cooling brewers'
worts and beer the wort or beer is put into a refrigerator, and cold spring or
river water passed through the tubes of the refrigerator; the temperature of
the wort or beer is thereby reduced or nearly reduced to that of the cold water
employed.
In cooling brewers' worts and beer according to my Invention I use in the
refrigerator, in place of cold spring or river water, brine, or water in which
has been dissolved sugar, or saline, or other soluble matters which will produce
a liquid or solution of considerably greater density or specific gravity than
Before using the said brine or other solution in the refrigerator I
reduce the temperature of the said brine or solution by the use of any. of the
ordinary ice-making or refrigerating machines, or by pumping it through pipe:
surrounded by a mixture of ice or snow and salt.
water.
In cooling worts, I prefer that the boiling worts shall be first cooled on
coolers or in an ordinary refrigerator with spring or river water to as low &
temperature as the air or water will allow, after which I use the cold brine or
other dense solution to reduce the temperature still further.
In cooling beer I proceed as follows:-After the beer has been fermented
by the ordinary methods I run or pump it into vats or tanks to settle, and in
order to facilitate its becoming bright rapidly I reduce the temperature to
below fifty degrees Fahrenheit by the use of cold brine or other dense solution
passed through metal pipes in the vat or tank..
The-method-of-cooling beer which I have found most convenient in practice.
is to pump the brine through one of Kirk's or Siebe's refrigerators or ice-
making-machines, which reduces the brine to a temperature of about twenty-
five degrees Fahrenheit, after which the cooled brine passes through pipes in

page_text: the tanks containing the beer, and. returns in a continuous stream to the
refrigerator or ice-making machine, withdrawing the heat from the beer until
the temperature of the latter is reduced sufficiently low. I have found the
temperature of fifty degrees Fahrenheit sufficient, but by continuing the process
I can readily reduce the temperature of the beer much lower, even when
the surrounding air has a temperature of seventy or seventy-five degrees
Fahrenheit.
By brewers' worts I mean any 'infusion of malt and hops, or a liquid con-
sisting mainly of an infusion of malt and hops; and by beer I mean any such
solution after it has undergone fermentation.
In carrying my Invention into effect I do not limit myself to the use of
any particular construction of refrigerator or ice-making machine...
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I claim as my
Invention the improvements in cooling brewers' worts and beer herein-
before described, that is to say, by the use of brine or other dense solution
which has been artificially reduced to a low temperature, substantially as
:described.
In witness whereof; I, the said Charles Edward Flower, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
J. T. DICKIE,
Stratford-on-Avon.
CHARLES EDWARD FLOWER. (L.S.)