Improved Inspissated Oil for Electrical Insulating Purposes, and Method of Producing same.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1894-Accepted, 7th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Inspissated Oil for Electrical Insulating Purposes, and
Method of Producing same.
I, ADOLF GENTZSCH, Mineralogist, Ottakringer Strasse 11, Vienna XVII in
Austria do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
The object of this invention is to produce an oil so inspissated or concentrated
as to render it particularly adaptable as an insulating material for electrical
purposes.
In order to inspissate oils, especially nonsiccative vegetable and animal oils and
fats they are treated according to this invention, as follows:-
The oil or fat is placed in a suitable boiler and heated to a temperature of about
200° centigrade.
When that temperature is reached, water is allowed to drip from a suitable
height into the boiling mass, which is meanwhile stirred or agitated from time to
time.
The drops of water evaporating at 100° C. are immediately evaporated and
partly decomposed by the heat of 200° C. imparted to the mass, & thus the latter
becomes more and more concentrated as the operation is continued; it is therefore
possible to make the oil of any desired consistency. If the water is allowed to
drip rapidly, two hours is generally sufficient to transfer about 5 kilogrammes of oil
to a consistency desired for electrical insulating purposes.
In order to curtail this operation as much as possible, it is preferable to add to
the water in greater proportions (until saturated) the chemical substances, as
carbonate of lime, carbonate of magnesia, sulphate of lime oxide of iron or one of
such, present in the water, as known from analysis; it is only necessary therefore
to add an excess of such substance or substances but only the solution is run off
and employed as dripping water. This is effected by means of a special stirring
apparatus.
I arrange the vessel containing the water for dripping into the heated mass,
above the boiler aforementioned for heating the oils &c., and provide the former
with a pipe for regulating the amount of dripping water passing through same.
A stirring device is arranged in said vessel, which, when operated by hand
or by means of a clock mechanism or the like secures the concentration of the
solution.
For this purpose the substance (or substances) to be added is placed on the
bottom of said vessel, and the outlet pipe fixed above same. The cock for
regulating or controlling said pipe is preferably set in such manner that the drops
may be made to succeed each other as rapidly as possible, without, however,
forming an unbroken stream.
In this manner the process can be materially shortened. When the mass has
attained the desired consistency, the dripping water is shut off, and in order to
fully remove all water, the mass is again heated for a considerable time.
This inspissated oil obtained by the process as described can either be employed
without being mixed with other materials or may be incorporated with other
substances to meet various commercial requirements, it may especially be employed
to the greatest advantage as an insulating material for electrical purposes.
Dated the 4th day of September 1893.

page_text: Improved Inspissated Oil for Electrical Insulating Purposes, and
Method of Producing same.
I, ADOLF GENTZSCH Mineralogist Ottakringer Strasse II, Vienna XVII in
Austria, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Among the various means employed for inspissating or concentrating siccative
oils, and especially resins, the method of sprinkling water on the heated resin by
means of brushes is also customary.
By means of my process, however, which is specially adapted for inspissating
non-siccative oils, the inspissation is very considerably accelerated without in any
way rendering the process dangerous.
The oil or fat to be treated is placed in a suitable boiler and heated to a
temperature of about 200° centigrade. When that temperature is reached, water
mixed with substances, which will be afterwards mentioned, is allowed to drip from
a suitable height into the mass, which is meanwhile stirred or agitated from time
to time. The drops of water, which evaporate at a temperature of 100° centigrade,
are immediately evaporated and partly decomposed by the heat of 200° centigrade
to which the mass is subjected, and thus the latter becomes more and more
concentrated as the operation proceeds.
It is therefore possible to make the oil of any desired consistency, according to
the length of time under treatment. When the water is allowed to drip rapidly, a
time of about two hours is sufficient to make about five kilogrammes of oil of the
consistency, desired for insulating purposes.
In order to curtail this operation as much as possible it is preferable to add to
the dripping water (until saturated) a greater proportion of the chemical substances,
always found in water, as shown by analysis (for instance carbonate of lime,
carbonate of magnesia, magnesia hydroxide, sulphate of lime and oxide of iron) or
one of such, than is really present. Although an extra quantity of such substance
or substances may be employed, only the solution is run off and used as dripping
water. This is effected by means of a stirring apparatus, as, for instance, that
shown in the accompanying drawing, which is a sectional elevation of the device.
The vessel or receptacle 6, containing the dripping water, is arranged above the
boiler a containing the oils etc., to be heated, and is provided with a short tube c,
by means of which the amount of water dripping into the boiler a can be
regulated.
The stirring arms d, arranged inside the vessel b, and operated by hand, or clock-
work mechanism or other suitable device, effects the concentration of the solution.
For this purpose the substance (or substances) to be added is placed on the bottom
of the vessel b and the outlet-pipe c fixed above same. The cock for controlling
the outlet is preferably set so that the drops succeed each other as rapidly as
possible, without, however forming an unbroken stream.
When the mass is of the desired consistency, the cock of the tube c is closed
i.e., the dripping water is shut off, and, to ensure the removal of any water which
may still be present, the mass is again heated for a considerable time.
The mass, thus obtained, may either be used without being mixed with other
materials, or, if desired, further substances may be incorporated, according to the
purpose, for which it is to be employed; the inspissated oil obtained by my process
as herein described, however, is especially advantageous as an insulating material
for electrical purposes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Process for producing an improved inspissated oil or fat for electrical
insulating purposes, characterized by letting water containing salts (as carbonate
of lime, carbonate of magnesia, magnesia hydroxide, sulphate of lime, oxide of
iron) drip from a suitable height into the oil or fat, placed in a suitable boiler and
retained at a temperature of more than 100° centigrade, until the desired
consistency is obtained, substantially as described and shown.
2. As a new article of manufacture, an improved inspissated oil for electrical
purposes, substantially as described.
Dated the 2nd day of June 1894.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Filing Agent.