IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CHAINS FROM SHEET METAL
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lancelott, of Clifton Terrace, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwickshire, Jeweller, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CHAINS FROM SHEET
METAL."
Sealed the 25th September 1862, and dated the 14th June 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lancelott at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th June 1862.
I, JAMES LANCELOTT, of Clifton Terrace, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwickshire, Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CHAINS FROM SHEET
METAL," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to forming ornamental chains from punched blanks
of metal of peculiar make. Each link of chain is formed of two separate
blanks of different shape which are afterwards united by soldering. The
blank forming the bottom half of the link is of irregular form and is per-
forated to correspond with the number of rings in its outline so as to form
the equivalent of so many rings in the form of a cluster united where their
edges touch. The blank forming the upper or top half of the link (or it
may be termed the inside blank) is also of irregular form, having arms or
projectings corresponding in number with the perforations in the bottom (or

page_text: outside) blank. Both blanks are domed or cupped-shaped, and in making
the chain the domes are placed in opposite direction. To form the chain
place two of the outside blanks one above the other, the upper one fitting
slightly within the lower by reason of their domed form. The perforations of
both blanks being placed in line, one of the upper (or inside) blanks is now
placed within the uppermost of the two lower (or outside) blanks with its arms
passed through the perforations of both the blanks. The bottom blank or
cup is now bent or closed in slightly so as to secure the arms of the inside
blank within its perforations, a third outside blank is placed above the inside
blank and partly within the uppermost outside blank or cup as before, a second
inside blank is placed within the uppermost outside blank, the arms reaching
through its perforations and through the perforations of the next preceding
outside blank as before explained, which blank is now closed in slightly in
the manner before-mentioned, and these operations are repeated to form any
required length of chain. The extremities of the arms which have passed
through the perforations are soldered to or near the edges of the perforations.
In some chains the inside blank may be, soldered, near, the edges of the
undermost outside blank without passing through its perforations.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Lancelott in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2
13th December 1862.
TO ALL, TO WHOM, THESE, PRESENTS.. SHALL COME; I; JAMES
LANCELOTT, of Clifton Terrace, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick-
shire, Jeweller, send greeting.
1
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her, Letters, 2
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord,
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth.
う
1
וד
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year_of
Her reign,, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give, and grant
unto me, the said James Lancelott, Her special licence that I, the said..
James Lancelott, my, executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others 3
as I, the said James Lancelott, my executors,, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully..
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great,
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention, for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL CHAINS FROM SHEET METAL,"
3,
$14

page_text: hiv.
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Lancelott, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and. ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Lancelott, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, réference being had to the Sheet of Drawing hereunto
annexed, and forming part of this my Specification, and to the figures and
letters of reference placed thereon:
The improvements in the manufacture of ornamental chains from sheet
metal forming the subject of my Invention, relate to the forming of chains
from punched blanks of peculiar construction, each link being formed of two
separate blanks of different form, which blanks are afterwards soldered
together and so united.
To form a chain I take a number of metal blanks (which I term outside
blanks) having perforations as indicated by a, Figure 1, and dome or bend
them up as shown at Figure 3, so as to just admit of the metal blank shewn.
Figure 2 (which I term the inside blank) being placed within and through
the perforations a, when' said inside blank is domed or slightly bent as shewn
at Figure 4, which is an edge view of said inside blank; when bent I prepare
a number of inside blanks (Figure 4) to correspond with the number of
outside blanks (Figure 3). I punch, perforate, and bend, or dome all my blanks
with press tools in the ordinary and well-understood manner; I take two
outside blanks (Figure 3) and set or place them one above the other with
their perforations in line, I then' place an inside blank (Figure 4) within the
uppermost outside blank with its arms placed in the perforations a of both
outside blanks, I then close in the undermost outside blank slightly with a
pair of plyers, so as to secure within its perforations the extremities of the
arms of the inside blank. I place a third outside blank on top of the chain
just formed and place a second inside blank within it with its arms' within
within the
perforations of the two uppermost outside blanks as before, I then close in
the next outside blank beneath it as before. These operations are shown at
Figures 5 and 6 Figure 5' shews the top of the chain with the topmost
edges of the perforations of the second outside blank at 6 closed over the
extremities of the arms of the inside blank. Figure 6 shows a side view of

page_text: the chain with the topmost edges of the perforations of the two undermost
outside blanks closed over the extremities of the arms of the inside blanks at c.
The inside blanks are shewn in red in Figures 5 and 6. The extremities of
the arms of the inside blanks are then soldered to the topmost edge of the
perforations of the outside blanks. at c, Figure 6. In some cases. in forming
a chain I pass the arms of the inside. blank through the perforations of the
upper outside blank only, and solder the ends of the arms to a portion of the
inside surface of the next preceding outside blank. To form such chain I
take a number of outside blanks as at Figure 9, having perforations d, and a
like number of inside blanks as at Figure 8, both blanks having perforations e
through their centres. The projecting parts of the outline of the outside
blank, Figure 9, are then bent up at right angles with the remaining portions,
of the blank. The inside blanks are domed and the ends of the arms bent.
perpendicular so as to just slide or fit within the outside blanks as shewn at
Figure 7, which shews a side view of two links of the chain, the inside blanks
being shewn in red. I take an outside blank and place an inside blank within
it, the ends of the arins of the inside blank passing through the perforations
of the outside blank as shewn by the lower outside and inside blanks of
Figure 7. I lay out all my blanks in that way in pairs, I then place said
pairs of blanks successively on a spit or mandril by passing said spit through
the central perforations of said blanks as shewn at Figure 7 (the spit being
colored blue). This spit is a plain round piece of wire, and in placing the
blanks upon it I keep their perforations in line and press the ends of the
arms of the inside blanks a little way within the outside blanks as at f
Figure 7, at which point the links are then soldered and the spit withdrawn
from the chain. After the soldering process (which needs no description
here, being effected in the ordinary manner) the chain is passed through a
draw plate and finished in the usual way. The design shewn, Figure 7
- has hitherto been made from wire links and is known in the (working
jeweller's) trade as the "Kossuth" chain, but it will be evident that the
number of perforations in the outside blanks may be varied and the arms
of the inside blanks be correspondingly multiplied or diminished, and that by
my improvements several designs hitherto only made by an expensive process
from wire links may be produced with facility and economy from sheet
metal.
Invention and the means by
here observe that I do not
Having now described the nature of my said
which I carry it into practical effect, I would
confine myself to the precise details herein given and illustrated in the
annexed Drawing, as such may be modified without departure from my

page_text: Invention which I declare to be, and I claim forming a chain from sheet
metal by passing the arms of an inside blank through the perforations of one
or more outside blanks essentially as herein-before_described and shewn in
the Drawing, the Figures on which are drawn to a very enlarged scale in
order that the several parts may be more clearly shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Lancelott, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JAMES LANCELOTT. (L.S.)