AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR APPLYING AIR-PROOF SOLUTIONS TO THE INTERIOR OF CASKS AND BARRELS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT: to William Edward Newton,.of.the Office for Patents,
66, Chilnicery Lane; in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR APPLYING AIR-PROOF SOLUTIONS TO
THE INTERIOR OF CASKS AND BARRELS."-A communication from abroad by
Edward Delavan Woodruff, of Aurora, in the State of New York,
United States of America.
Sealed the 2nd January 1866; and dated the 28th July 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
--28th July 1865.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare. the nature of
the said Invention for "AN PROVED PROCESS FOR APPLYING AIR-PROOF SOLUTIONS!
TO THE INTERIOR OF CASKS AND BARREL," he as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new and improved mode of applying solutions to
the interior of casks and barrels, for the purpose of rendering them perfectly.
air and water proof, in order to prevent leakage, and the evaporation of their
contents,
-The Invention is particularly applicable-to barrels or casks for holding coal,,
oil, turpentine, and all volatile substances which vaporize at a low température, .
aud the storing of which for any considerable length of time is attended with,
material Inss

page_text: The Invention consists in heating the interior of the barrel or cask by
means of hot air forced into it by a pump, and thereby drying the interior of
the cask, and opening the pores of the wood. The hot air under pressure
permeates into every recess, so as to effect this object thoroughly. After the
cask or barrel is thus acted upon the solution in a warm liquid state is poured
into the cask or barrel, and the latter is rotated, so that its interior surface
will be perfectly coated, and the hot air is again forced into the cask or
barrel, and by means of pressure forces the solution into the open pores of the
wood, and into every crevice and crack, the hot air at the same time keeping
the solution warm and liquid, so that the pressure to which it is subjected will
-cause it to effectually close every opening, and render the interior surface of
the barrel or cask perfectly tight.
The airproof solutions to be used are those which are well known, and form
no part of the Invention. I would therefore only remark that the solutions
to be employed must be those which will not be acted upon by the contents
of the barrel. The particular kind of solution to be used must therefore
depend upon the liquid that is to be put in the barrel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th January 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors. give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton. pecial licence that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
1, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and, vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED PROCESS FOR. APPLYING AIR-PROOF SOLUTIONS TO THE INTERIOR OF CASKS
AND BARRELS," being a communication from abroad, upon the condition

page_text: (amongst others) that I, the said William. Edward Newton, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figurés marked thereon (that is to say) :-
1
This Invention relates to a new and improved mode of applying solutions
to the..interior of casks and barrels, for the purpose of rendering them
perfectly air and water proof, in order to prevent leakage, and the evaporation
of their contents.
The Invention is particularly applicable to barrels or casks for holding coal,
oil, turpentine, 'and'all volatile substances which vaporize at a low temperature,
and the storing of which for any considerable length of time is attended with
material loss..
The Invention consists in heating the interior of the barrel or cask by.
means of hot air forced into it by a pump or other equivalent device, for the
purpose of drying the interior of the cask, and opening the pores of the wood.
The hot air under pressure permeates into every recess, so as to effect this
object.thoroughly. After the cask or barrel is thus acted upon the solution
in a warm liquid' state'is poured into the cask or barrel,, and the latter is
rotated, so that its interior surface will be perfectly coated; and the hot air is
again forced into the cask or barrel, and by means of pressure forces the
solution.into the open pores of the wood; and into every crevice and crack,
the hot air at the same time keeping the solution warm and liquid, so that the
pressure to which it is subjected will cause it' to effectually close every opening,
and render the interior surface of the barrel or cask perfectly tight.
. In the accompanying. Drawing, Fig. 1 is a. vertical section, shewing one
means of carrying out the Invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the
same, taken in the line y, y, of-Fig. 1.
"
17 . I ~
7-
A is an upright cylinder, provided with double walls a, a, having a suitable
space 6 between them, with which an 'air pump B communicates, the lower
part of the space having a coil pipe c within. it extending entirely around, and
perforated, and communicating with the air pump! In the lower-part of this
cylinder there is a fire-grate C, and in the upper part of the cylinder- above

page_text: b
space
the fire-grate there is placed an air-heating chamber D, having a safety valve E
at its upper end. This chamber D'communicates with the space 6 by means
of a pipe F, which enters the upper part of D, and extends down within it to
its lower end, as shown clearly in Fig. 1, and the upper part of the chamber
has a pipe G communicating with it, which passes out through the side of the
cylinder, and when the apparatus is in operation is inserted in the cask or
barrel which is being operated upon. This cask or barrel is shown in Fig. 1.
The operation is as follows:-The pipe G is inserted in the bung-hole of the
cask or barrel, but not tightly; if it fits tightly therein a vent should be left
in the cask or barrel. The fire is then made in the cylinder A, and when
sufficiently under way, air by means of the pump B is forced into the b
and up through this space into the pipe F, and thence into the lower part of
the chamber D, and out through the pipe G into the cask or barrel. This
air which in its passage up the space b and through the chamber D becomes
heated, forces under pressure the cold air out from the cask or barrel, and the
vent or opening in the cask or barrel is then closed, and the pipe G closely
fitted in the bung-hole, so as to prevent leakage around it. The hot air is
then again forced into the cask or barrel, and the interior of the latter is
warmed or heated, so that the pores of the wood will be opened. The hot air
being under pressure will penetrate into every crack or crevice, and act in the
most efficient manner to effect this object. After the interior of the cask or
barrel has been thus thoroughly warmed, dried, and the pores of the wood
opened, the cask or barrel is detached from the pipe G, and the solution is
poured into it, and the cask or barrel turned, so that its interior will be
thoroughly coated. The pipe G is then inserted tightly in the bung-hole, and
hot air again forced into the cask or barrel, in order to keep the solution
warm and fluid. Owing to the pressure of the pump it will drive or force
the solution into the open pores of the wood, and into every crack and crevice,
thereby causing the interior of the cask or barrel to be perfectly coated, and
every crack closed, so as to effectually prevent leakage and all evaporation.
The space between the walls a, a, may be filled with sand, metal filings, or
other suitable material to more rapidly heat the air, by causing the latter to
be brought in contact with a greater area of heated surface, and the chamber
D may also be supplied with a similar material for a like purpose.
b
As before stated, I do not confine myself to the precise means herein
described for carrying out this Invention, as that may be modified or varied
in various ways, and the same end attained; but I claim as the Invention
secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid, the process herein set forth for
applying solutions to the interior of casks, barrels, or other vessels to render

page_text: them air and water-tight, so as to avoid the loss of their contents by leakage
and evaporation.
In-witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.B.)