IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Jones, of 29, Botolph Lane, in the City of
London, Provision Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 15th May 1866, and dated the 16th November 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th November 1865.
I, RICHARD JONES, of 29, Botolph Lane, in the City of London, Provision
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND IN MEANS OR.
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
When operating to preserve animal or vegetable substances by the action
thereon of preservative or other gases difficulty is experienced in effecting
the desired exhaustion of the atmosphere from the cases or vessels containing
the matters to be preserved previous to the introduction of such gases; to
effect this object when employing water or other inert liquid as a means of
displacing the atmosphere from these cases or vessels, as described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, bearing date the 20th day of

page_text: June 1864, No. 1523, and when those cases or vessels are placed in a strong
outer chamber, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
me and Frederick Henry Trevithick, dated July 31st, 1860, No. 1859, instead
of forcing out such inert liquid from these cases or vessels by the pressure of
a neutral or a preservative gas I according to my present improvements draw
off such liquid from such cases or vessels so as to create a vacuum therein,
and also a small portion of liquid from such outer chamber by the weight of
a column of water or other liquid. For this purpose, having admitted the
inert liquid to flow into the cases or vessels so as to drive out therefrom the
atmosphere they contained, I close the passage of supply of such liquid and
open one from these cases or vessels, and also for an instant one from the
outer chamber to a pipe descending from such passages to a distance of 32
feet or more, and sealed by a liquid sealing at its lower part. This sealing
is readily effected by the lower end of such pipe descending beneath the
surface of water or other liquid in a reservoir, and which surface of liquid in
such reservoir is 32 feet or more below the passages to be opened to such
pipe. The depth to the surface of the reservoir of water, or other liquid, or
other sealing below such passages as employed by me is about 40 feet. The
weight of the descending column of the inert liquid passing from these cases
or vessels will create a vacuum in them, and will also withdraw from the outer
chamber a quantity to be regulated by the indicated vacuum in the cases or
vessels. When the desired vacuum is effected in the cases or vessels the
passage therefrom to the descending pipe may be closed, and the preserving
gas or gases allowed to flow in.
By another method, when the cases or vessels containing the matters to
be preserved are whilst under operation placed in a strong chamber, as
described in the said Specification of Letters Patent granted to me and
Frederick Henry Trevithick above referred to, I simultaneously and in manner
above referred, or by pump or other exhaust apparatus, exhaust the atmos-
phere or other fluid from these cases or vessels, and the atmosphere or
other fluid from the chamber containing them, so as to equalize the pressure
or strain on the material of which the cases or vessels are constructed, and I
then introduce the gas or gases as required to such cases or vessels and
atmospheric air or other fluid to the enclosing chamber in relative proportions.
To preserve the cases internally from injurious chemical action I apply to
their inner surface a coating of boiled oil.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th May 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
JONES, of 29, Botolph Lane, in the City of London, Provision Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Jones, Her special licence that I, the said Richard Jones,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING
ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES, AND IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Jones, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Jones, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
When operating to preserve animal or vegetable substances by the action
thereon of preservative or other gases, difficulty is experienced in effecting the
desired exhaustion of the atmosphere from the cases or vessels containing the
matters to be preserved previous to the introduction of such gases. To
effect this object when employing water or other inert liquid as a means of
di splacing the atmosphere from these cases or vessels, as described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, bearing date the 20th day of
June 1864, No. 1523, and when those cases or vessels are placed in a strong

page_text: outer chamber, as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to
me and Frederick Henry Trevethick, dated July 31st, 1860, No. 1859,
instead of forcing out such inert liquid from these cases or vessels by the
pressure of a neutral or a preservative gas, I according to my present improve-
ments draw off such liquid from such cases or vessels so as to create a
vacuum therein, and also a small portion of liquid from such outer chamber
by the weight of a column of water or other liquid. For this purpose, having
admitted the inert liquid to flow into the cases or vessels so as to drive out
therefrom the atmosphere they contained, I close the passage of supply of such
liquid and open one from these cases or vessels, and also for an instant one
from the outer chamber to a pipe descending from such passages to a distance
of 32 feet or more, and sealed by a liquid sealing at its lower part. This
sealing is readily effected by the lower end of such pipe descending beneath
the surface of water or other liquid in a reservoir, and which surface of liquid
in such reservoir is 32 feet or more below the passages to be opened to such
pipe. The depth to the surface of the reservoir of water, or other liquid, or
other sealing below such passages as employed by me is about 40 feet. The
weight of the descending column of the inert liquid passing from these cases
or vessels will create a vacuum in them and will also withdraw from the
outer chamber a quantity to be regulated by the indicated vacuum in the
cases or vessels. When the desired vacuum is effected in the cases or vessels
the passages therefrom to the descending pipe may be closed and the preserving
gas or gases allowed to flow in.
By another method, when the cases or vessels containing the matters to be
preserved are whilst under operation placed in a strong chamber, as described
in the said Specification of Letters Patent granted to me and Frederick
Henry Trevethick above referred to, I simultaneously, and in manner above
referred to, or by pump or other exhaust apparatus, exhaust the atmosphere
or other fluid from these cases or vessels, and the atmosphere or other fluid
from the chamber containing them, so as to equalize the pressure or strain on
the material of which the cases or vessels are constructed, and I then introduce
the gas or gases as required (binoxide of nitrogen, nitrogen, sulphurous acid
gas together or separately) to such cases or vessels and atmospheric air or
other fluid to the enclosing chamber in relative proportions, such as will avoid
undue pressure internally or externally on the cases containing the matters
to be preserved. To preserve the cases internally from injurious chemical
action I apply to their inner surfaces a coating of boiled oil.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and means which

page_text: I adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the details referred to so long as the peculiar character
of the Invention be retained substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Jones, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
-thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
RICHP. JONES. (LS.)