matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1886

page_text: I JOSEPH ROBERTS STONEY of Crackenedge Square, Dewsbury in the County of
York Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
My improvements refer to the means employed for adjusting lawn mowing,.
machines so that the grass may be mown by the cutter with much greater
evenness than hitherto, and such improvements are applicable to the so called
Greens" and other kindred mowing machines.
{{
.
The ordinary solid adjusting roller used in front of the cutter has the effect of
depressing the grass, particularly when it is rather long, and prevents the cutter
doing its work so effectually as it would do if such depression did not take place.
In the place of the solid roller according to my invention I provide a spiral
formed of bar iron or steel, the extremities of such worm are brought to the
centre or axis of the worm, these being mounted in suitable centres or bearings
and adjusted in the same manner as the herein before mentioned solid roller.
worm,
By the application of the adjustable spiral worm as, aforesaid, the machine is
capable of mowing lawn grass, whether it be strong, tender, newly grown or of
various lengths, with much greater evenness than when the solid roller is
employed.

page_text: ."
machines so that the grass may be mown by the cutter with much greater evenness
than hitherto, and such improvements are applicable to the so called "Green's "
and other kindred mowing machines.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS..
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan looking at the top of part of one of
Green's" lawn mowing machines shewing my improvements applied thereto.
a is the framework of the machine, b the spiral cutter, c the back rollers, d the
chain driving gear, all of which are of the ordinary construction.
The ordinary solid adjusting roller used in front of the cutter has the effect of
depressing the grass and prevents the spiral cutter b doing its work so effectually
as it would do if such depression did not take place.
In the place of the solid. roller I provide a spiral worm e formed of bar iron,
steel, cast, malleable, or other material of round, oval, or other convenient shape,
the extremities f of such worm, are brought to the centre or axis thereof; these
are mounted in suitable centres or bearings g and adjusted in the same manner as
the herein before mentioned solid roller.
By the application of the adjustable spiral worm e as aforesaid, the machine is
capable of mowing lawn grass, whether it be strong, tender, newley grown, or of
various lengths, with much greater evenness than when the solid roller is
employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The arrangement, construction and application of spiral worm e to "Green's "
and other kindred mowing machines substantially as and for purposes herein set
forth.
NOTCHED BLOCKS FOR BUILDING WALLS DOWNWARDS
Year: 1886

page_text: I, SAMUEL HARRISON, Kirkgate, Ripon, Yorks. Surveyor, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for NOTCHED BLOCKS FOR BUILDING WALLS DOWNWARDS
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The notched blocks, which may be made of any suitable material, may be
regarded as in two halves with a longitudinal notch on each side; the notch being
any suitable shape; The arrises in straight walling being all parallel in curved
walling the arrises in the top half of block are parallel but in the bottom half in
curved walling the arrises may be either parallel or convergent. They are fixed in
the following manner;-A curb is formed on the top of tank, well, shaft &c, to
hold the first row of notched blocks in a position suitable for receiving the next
row of notched blocks; then the top half of the 2nd row of notched blocks is slid
into the notches & space left by the row above; the bottom half of this 2nd row
leaving sufficient space for the top half of the 3rd row of notched blocks which are
then slid in & so on till the wall reaches the depth desired.
The drawings shew 2 kinds of notched blocks, one rectangular notches & the
other angular; they also shew those with bottom half of block with parallel sides
or arrises for straight walling & those with convergent sides or arrises for circular
walling.
What I claim then is ;-
1st The forming of a curb on top to hold first row of notched blocks.
2nd Blocks longitudinally notched on each side.
3rd In straight walling the longitudinal arrises of block being parallel.
4th In curved walling the longitudinal arrises in top half of block being parallel
& in the bottom half the longitudinal arrises being either parallel or convergent.
5th The sliding of the ton half of lower row of blocks into the notches & annne
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 16th Sept., 1887.
RESERVE
I, EDWIN CLERK ALLAN of 63 Finsbury Pavement in the County of Middlesex
Architect do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The objects of my invention are 1st to prevent particles of tobacco being drawn
into the mouth; 2nd to give a firmner hold to the cigarette between the lips; 3rd to
absorb the tobacco oil and the superfluous saliva.
According to my invention and to obtain these results I replace the tobacco at one
end of the cigarette for about one fourth of its length with a porous plug or stopper
of cotton, wool, or other suitable fibre or material or with a perforated paper cylinder
but preferably with cotton formed into a sort of cord and cut into short lengths for
this purpose, this being rolled up with the tobacco.
Daded this 19th Jo..
N 1004
BREWER & SON,
For the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Cigarettes.
1 EDWIN CLERK ALLAM of 63 Finsbury Pavement in the County of Middlesex
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CIGARETTES and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
The objects of my invention are:
First. To prevent particles of tobacco being drawn into the mouth.
Second. To give a firmer hold to the cigarette between the lips.
Third. To absorb the tobacco oil and the superfluous saliva.
According to my invention and to obtain these results I replace the tobacco at one
end of the cigarette for about one fourth of its length with a porous plug or stopper
of cotton, wool or other suitable fibre or material formed by plaiting or twisting same
into a sort of cord, and I cut the material so plaited or twisted into short lengths.
The plugs or stoppers prepared in the manner before described are rolled up with the
tobacco and covered with the ordinary cigarette paper.
By my invention the particles of tobacco are absolutely prevented from entering
the mouth; a firmer hold of the cigarette is obtained in the mouth than heretofore,
and the nicotine and saliva are completely absorbed.
I am aware that attempts have been made to accomplish the above mentioned
results prior to my invention and I am also aware that a tube with net inside, and
with wool (sometimes medicated) and a roll of paper, have been employed, with the
object of producing a similar result, I lay no claim to any such arrangement or
arrangements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
In cigarettes the employment of a porous plug or stopper, mado of plaited, or twisted
cotton, wool, or other fibrous material or materials, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Dec., 1886.
Specification Accepted, 14th Jan., 1887.
I, EMIL KASELOWSKY of Chaussèestrasse 17/18, Berlin in the Empire of Germany
Director of Works do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
According to my present invention I construct apparatus for launching torpedoes as
I will proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
Fig. 1 shews a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a plan and Fig. 3 a cross section of the
apparatus.
On the top of the launching tube is a longitudinal closed box or chamber a, consist-
ing, as shewn at Fig. 3, of the two side walls b b and the cover c. In this box is con-
tained a beam d the upper surface of which is formed as a toothed rack, into which
gears a small toothed pinion frotated by a crank handle g, so that by this or other
suitable known means, such as a lever, screw &c. the beam d can be either entirely
protruded from or withdrawn into the box, or maintained at any intermediate position.
The beam may be fixed in any position by screws n n Fig. 1. The underside of the
beam has a longitudinal T-shaped groove m in which slides a stud p of corresponding
T-shape on the torpedo, so that when the beam is protruded, the torpedo in being
launched will not fall down freely until the stud p has left the guiding groove m of
the beam d. When the beam d is drawn right back in its box a, the outer opening of
the latter can be closed by the same external slide or flap that closes the opening of the
launching tube.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The use, in combination with the launching tubes for torpedoes, of a beam that can
be slid in and out of a box on the tube and that is provided with a groove in which
slides a stud on the torpedo, so that when the beam is more or less protruded beyond
the tube, the torpedo in being launched will continue to be guided thereby to a
greater or less extent as it issues from the tube and that, when the beam is entirely
withdrawn into the box a perfectly closed ordinary launching tube is formed, the
opening of which may be closed by any suitable mechanism such as a sliding valve and
the like, substantially as herein described.
A DOT e TAD V
ABEL
& IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Method of or Means for Preventing Injury or Defacement of Wails or Surfaces by Striking Matches.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1886
Complete Left, 13th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 5th Aug., 1887
An Improved Method of or Means for Preventing Injury or
Defacement of Wails or Surfaces by Striking Matches.
WILLIAM HENRY FOGG Manager St. James Hall, Hotel & Restaurant Leeds in
the County of York do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A match striking plate and front protector, in the form of a plate made of metal,
porcelain, terra cotta having part of its surface roughened for striking matches
upon, so as by its use to obviate defacement of buildings, shop fronts smoke room
walls and entrance halls etc., and on its margin, various and appropriate inscriptions,
to induce persons to strike matches on the striking plate, and to warn persons against
defacement; and these plates to be made in various shapes, most suitable to the
positions for which they may be required to be fixed.

page_text: Defacement of Walls or Surfaces by Striking Matches.
WILLIAM HENRY FOGG (Manager) St. James Hall Leeds do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
A plate made of brass or any suitable material of any shape or design A having
part of its surface roughened for striking matches thereon B so as by its use obviate
the defacement of shop fronts public buildings smoke rooms entrance hall railway
carriages tram cars etc., having on its margin a suitable and appropriate inscription C
for induceing persons to strike matches thereon & for warning people against deface-
ment. And further the surface of the match plates shall be covered with a luminous
substance so as to be soon in the dark.
Having now particulary described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1st. That the utility of the match striking plate as an accommodator resolves itself
into a means of protection against defacement."
Dated this 7th day of June 1887.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ALFRED CHRISTOPHER KOERNER, engineer of 21 rue royale Paris, France
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My improved recoil brake consists of a metal frame which carries metal wheel-
shoes and is pivotted to the axle of the gun carriage.
The novel feature of the brake consists in checking the recoil of the carriage by
means of brake shoes suspended excentrically from the gun carriage axle, and
located, when in action, between the rear of each of the wheels and the ground,
the underface of the shoes being corrugated to offer resistance to motion along the
ground when recoil takes place.
In the annexed drawing, fig. 1 is a diagram in side elevation, of a gun carriage
provided with my improved brake and fig. 2 is a rear elevation, partly in section.
The frame of the brake is composed of two arms a, a jointed excentrically to the
axle b upon pins c, their lower end being secured to a cross bar d whose ends
project beyond the line of tread of the carriage wheels. Upon each end of the
cross bar & and in the line of tread of the wheels are loosely fitted two wedge-shaped
shoes e, e, in such a manner that when the brake is dropped into action, the
shoes e, e fit snugly between the ground and the rear lower part of the wheel tires.
The underface of the shoes e, e is either corrugated as shown in the drawing, or
is provided with any suitable anchoring blades, in order to offer the maximum of
resistance required on the ground.
When it is desired to place the brake out of action, it is swung up and suspended
to a hook f on any suitable point of the carriage.
The action of the brake in checking the recoil is as follows: the shoes e, e having
been placed under the wheels, when the carriage is driven backwards by the
recoil, the arms a, a exert a downward pressure upon the shoes and the resistance
to movement, of the said shoes reacts on the axle b. The wheels of the carriage at
the same time tend to jam upon the shoes, thus holding the shoes rigidly in
position and enabling them to offer their full resisting power to the backward
motion of the gun carriage.

page_text: After the recoil has taken place, it is not necessary to attend to the brake; the
carriage is moved forward, and in so doing, the shoes, being adapted excentrically,
swing away from the wheel tires and avoid friction both against the latter and
against the ground.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
In gun carriages, a recoil brake composed of wheel shoes e, e secured on any
suitable frame, connected with the axle of the carriage or any other suitable part
thereof, by means of arms or stays a, a which are pivotted upon pins c excentrically
to the axis 6 of the wheel axle, operating as hereinbefore described and shown and
for the purpose set forth.
DL:
11 1
2
1 1000
Year: 1886

page_text: I, GEORGE JOSEPH WOODMAN of 43 London Wall, London EC., Merchant
Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A shirt cut to fit without pleats of any description, either at the top of back,
front, sleeves, or in any other part, it being cut upon tailoring principles, the
material is provided exactly where required, instead of as in ordinary shirts, putting
fullness in one part to give room in another. In fact it is a perfectly pleatless.
shirt.

page_text: I GEORGE JOSEPH WOODMAN Merchant Tailor 43 London Wall, City, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
A Shirt cut and made on Tailoring principles, without any pleats or fullness
whatever, either in the front, sleeves, or under the yoke at back of neck, the
material being so cut as to give room only where required, and rendering such
pleats quite unnecessary also enabling the shirt to be made much tighter or closer
fitting & less liable to move or ride up on the body of wearer.
The sleeves being cut in crescent form, or as a coat sleeve, it adapts itself to
every movement of the arm, without shifting or shortening the wristband & the
shirt is in every respect a perfectly pleatless shirt.
To more fully and further explain my invention see sketch adjoined.
As shewn the front of the shirt is cut and made without any pleats or fullness
at the bottom of the insertion front, viz A. The back of the shirt is also made
without any pleatings at the yoke, viz B, but sewn in quite plain and without any
fullness whatever there or in any part. The sleeves are cut and inserted in the
same manner as an ordinary coat sleeve and without any pleats or fullness either
at the shoulder viz C, or at the top of the wristband viz D, but are cut in crescent
form, an angle being thereby produced just where required for the bending of
the elbow.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is
Improvement in Holding Sheets of Paper for Toilet and other Purposes.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 11th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 13th Sept., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Holding Sheets of Paper for Toilet and other
Purposes.
I EDWIN JOHN JAMES of 7 Argyll Place, London W. Silkman, do hereby declare
the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
In an application No. 13275 bearing date 18th day of October 1886, I have described
a holder for sheets of paper for toilet and other purposes which holds the paper by one
end of the sheet being placed under a knife edge and pressed against it by spring
acting on hinged flap. With such a holder any shape sheets of paper that would go
in the box could be held in the way described.
The object of this invention is to prevent any but a special shape of sheet from being
held by said holder. For this purpose the sheets of paper proposed to be used, are cut
with a tongue or tag at one end by which tongue they are held as described. To
prevent the insertion of other shaped sheets of paper the knife edge is guarded by
vertical projections from acting on any other part of the paper for holding same than
the tongue.
Dated this 11th day of November 188E
FREDERIC PRINCE,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Holding Sheets of Paper for Toilet and other
Purposes.
I EDWIN JOHN JAMES of 7 Argyll Place, London W. Silkman do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to (a) an improvement in the box for holding sheets of paper,
described in the specification of my patent No. 13275 of 1886, to prevent any but
special shaped sheets of paper from being held, and (b) to the shape of the sheets of
paper to be held.
To enable my invention to be fully and properly understood I will proceed to
describe the same with aid of the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of holder with sheets of paper.
Figure 2 end view at line Y. Z.
Figure 3 partial view of sheet of paper.
Figure 1 shews the box or holder described in my specification as above with the
addition thereto of guards A for preventing any but specially shaped sheets of paper
from being placed under the knife to be held.
The special form of sheets of papers consists in cutting each sheet with a tongue or
tag B, preferably placed in the middle of one end of the sheet as shown at figure 3,
by which the sheet is held, the guards A preventing any other part of the paper but
the tongue from coming under the knife edge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,
The combination with a holder for sheets of paper of the guards A, and sheets of
paper formed with a tongue by which the paper is held, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
DL: 1111
1007
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 31st May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 13th Sept., 1887.
I, JAMES MACKENZIE of Camden Quay, Cork, Agricultural Implement Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists in the use of renewable points (termed " wearing parts") in
connection with steel or other tubular rake teeth. The renewable point is made of
maleable cast or other metal; slips into the tube and is held in position by a rivet or
by other means.

page_text: JAMES MACKENZIE Merchant Camden Quay, Cork do hereby declare the nature of
his invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HAY RAKES and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
::
The invention consists in using Tubular Steel or Iron Teeth, the application of a
portable or renewable point (as shown in Drawing hereunto attached A is the point as
fixed into the tubular tooth CB is the rivet-D shews the point by itself) to each end.
of teeth. The portable point may be rivetted or screwed on each end of steel teeth.
This Invention applies particularly to the teeth of what are known as American
Rakes." The advantages claimed are lightness in draught and economy in repairs.
The tubular steel or iron teeth are much lighter than solid teeth and the application
of portable or renewable points enables the user to renew the points at a very small
cost. And I claim that Rake teeth in this form with renewable points is a novelty of
my invention.
JAMES MACKENZIE,
Camden Quay, Cork,
Merchant.
Year: 1886

page_text: I WILLIAM RHYS BIRCH, Science Tutor, of 10 Tomlin's Grove, Bow, London, E.,.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A loose casing surrounds the wick-holder or holders and is caused to slide gradually
upwards around the Flame by means of Bar and Ratchet or in any convenient
manner.
The Wick need never be turned down, but the Moderator moving upwards reduces
the Flame at will and when turned a little higher up puts it out.

page_text: Burners of existing Oil and Spirit Lamps.
I, WILLIAM RHYS BIRCH, of 10 Tomlin's Grove, Bow, London, E. Science Tutor,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A FLAME MODERATOR, AND
EXTINGUISHER WHICH CAN BE ADAPTED TO THE BURNERS OF EXISTING OIL AND
SPIRIT LAMPS," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This flame-moderator and extinguisher consists of a casing of steel or other
material which is fitted around the wick-holder or wick-holders (see Fig. 5,
representing a Duplex" Burner) loosely enough to admit of motion of the casing
towards the apex of the flame and back again, by appropriate means.
«
The casing is caused to move gradually upwards or downwards around the flame by
incans Bar and Ratchet, or in any convenient manner.
In all of the accompanying Figures, C indicates the casing; B the Burner or
Burners, and F the Flame. Cand B are supposed to touch.
In adapting the casing to hollow burners, it may be fitted to the wick-holders on
their outside surfaces only (Fig. 6), or on the inside as well, (Fig. 7).
The mouth of the upper part of the casing; that is to say, the part of it on which
the flame burns, is hollowed or expanded sufficiently that during its upward movement
any glowing irregularities that may have formed upon the burning wick shall be safely
removed and retained. (Indicated by E in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.)
The material of the casing is preferably Steel or Iron, as Brass gives off poisonous
vapours to the flame.
The action of the casing is such that the Wick need never be turned-down, since,
this moderator and extinguisher, in proportion as it is moved to or fro, reduces or
restores the size of the original flame, at the will of the operator; and when turned
well-up puts it out at once.
This action is shown in the series of Figures Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4. In Fig. 4
the Flame has been extinguished.
Fig. 1. is a transverse section of the same series, at any stage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
Firstly. An invention for moderating the Flame of oil and spirit lamps to any
extent desired, including total extinction.
Secondly. That the nature, construction, fitting, and action of this invention are
substantially such as have already been specified herein, and illustrated by the
accompanying Drawings.
The Figures explain that this casing is claimed for moderating or extinguishing or
both; and that the invention is claimed to extend to any form of Oil or Spirit Lamp
to which it can be fitted; as is set-forth in the Title.
Fibrous materials.
Year: 1886

page_text: .
Fibrous materials.
I CHARLES GAUNTLETT of the firm of C. Gauntlett and Co Union Factory and
Yerbury Mills, Trowbridge, in the County of Wilts, Manufacturer and Merchant
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in machines for carding, dressing and
opening or disintegrating flocks, hair and other fibrous material, of the character
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to myself and Samuel
Gauntlett No 1343 dated the 4th April 1878 such machines being mainly applicable
to the dressing and redressing of flocks employed in the manufacture of bedding,
and flocks or fibrous stuffing of various kinds, used in the upholstery and carriage
building trades; also for railway companies, ship and boat builders, and others
requiring to disintegrate large quantities of hair and fibre, and for other analogous
purposes, the chief object of my present improvements being to obtain a better and
quicker delivery.
For this purpose, according to my present improvements, which I will proceed
to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing, I alter the position of the
stay or tie-bar à by placing it higher up than formerly, and thereby remove it out
of the way of the delivery at b, which is the former position of the tie-bar a, thus
allowing a better and quicker delivery from the machine.
Two bolts oc are now used to secure the guides d, instead of only one, with the
holes thereof horizontally slotted to allow of adjustment.
The spring and leveres are altered in appearance so that the machine can be
packed in smaller space.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of any said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I would remark that
I make no claim to any of the parts separately which are well known and in
common use but what I claim is:-
The improved arrangement and construction of machines of the character
described for carding, dressing and opening or disintegrating flock, hair and other
similar fibrous materials substantially as and for the purposes herein before
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dht Amant 1000
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Agents for the Patentee.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CHAIRS
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ARTHUR EDWARD MANNERING, of N° 1, Church Terrace, Barnes, in the
County of Surrey, Provision Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CHAIRS," and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to Improvements in folding chairs, my object being to
construct such chairs so as to resemble ordinary chairs in appearance and also to be
capable of being folded or shut up into small compass.
And in order that my Invention may be more fully understood, I have hereto
annexed a sheet of drawings illustrative thereof.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of my Improved chair when opened out ready
for use and Fig. 2. represents a similar elevation when the chair is closed.
The back rails A of the chair and the back legs B. are hinged together by means
of a rule joint C which is fixed within the side rail D. The said side rails D are
hinged to the front legs at E, and the front legs are hinged to the underside of the
seat at F. The seat and back are hinged at G. and the underside of the chair
at H is hinged a strut J which fits over the cross rail and preserves the rigidity of
the chair.
The strut J is prevented from rising by means of a hinged fork L, the fork being
wedged over a flat spring / Fig. 1º.
The peculiar construction of the joint C is illustrated in Fig. 3, and the angular
formation of the front legs at the joint marked a is of importance.
Fig. 4. is a front elevation of the joint C when closed.
Fig. 5. is a side elevation of the chair with two struts J & J. crossing each other
and each fitting on to the opposite side rails of the chair legs.
Fig. 6. is a view of the same when closed. Fig. 7. is a detail of the joint C
which in this case consists of two plates fixed outside the parts connected thereby.
Fig. 8. is a similar detail of the joint open.

page_text: In order to prevent the chair from opening accidentally I may insert a pin N.
through each back leg as shown in Fig. 9. When the hinge plate is inside the
same result is secured by means of a catch K, as shewn in Fig. 6.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it understood that
what I claim is
The construction of folding chairs in manner substantially as herein shewn and
described.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 1st Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Mar., 1887.

page_text: I WILLIAM MARSH of the Estate Office, Longford Hall, Stretford in the County of
Lancaster, Land Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is so to improve this description of garden implement
that the same may be used with greater facility than 'heretofore and so to increase the
quantity of work performed in a given time.
Instead of constructing the blade with a straight cutting edge at the front as at
present, I make the blade in a triangular form with the point of the triangle to the
front and connect same to the handle by a bridge piece as hereinafter described.
On the accompanying drawing Fig. 1. is a side view and Fig. 2. a plan view of a hoe
constructed in accordance with my invention.
In both views a. is the blade of the hoe arranged with the point b. to the front. This
blade is connected to the handle c. by a bridge piece d. and such blade is, in this case,
cut away at the back, thus leaving only the two front edges or sides of the triangle
(as illustrated) to form the cutting edge and so as to reduce the resistance in passing
through the ground to the lowest minimum.
In some cases the blade is formed of a solid triangular plate but with the point to
the front as in Figs. 1. and 2.
For back hoeing I reverse the blade in position as illustrated by side view in Fig. 3.
and plan view Fig. 4.
In this case the blade e. is capable of being secured to the handle f. by a single
crook g.
It will be observed that in this case also the point h. of the triangular blade e. is
facing towards the user or facing in the direction in which the hoe is drawn whilst
performing the hoeing operation.
I find that hoes so constructed as aforesaid are more easily manipulated than as
arranged heretofore and that consequently more work can be performed in a given
time.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:—-
In the construction of hoes for gardening purposes, the use of a triangular blade
with a point lead or with the point of the triangle facing the direction in which the
hoe is operated whether for front or back hoeing substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described.
Year: 1886

page_text: I, HENRY DAVEY, of Rupert Lodge, Headingley near Leeds, in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to a construction of electrical motor escapement for clocks
or time pieces, that is to say, an arrangement of electrical mechanism in com-
bination with a pendulum in such a manner that whilst the pendulum is left free
to swing through the greater part of its course to and fro, it is subjected to an
impulse at the extreme end of its stroke in the one direction, this impulse being
sufficient to maintain the oscillation of the pendulum and therefore operating as
the motor of the clock work.
The accompanying drawing is a diagram shewing in front view an electrical
motor escapement according to my invention. o is an electro-magnet which when
excited attracts an armature q attached to the vertical arms a¹ of a bell crank
lever a a. On the pendulum rod h is mounted a roller m which, as the pendulum
swings to and fro acts alternately on the two arms of a bent tumbling lever p that
is pivotted on the fixed framing behind the pendulum. When the pendulum
swings to the right it acts on the right arm of the lever p moving into a position
such that it makes an electrical contact and closes a circuit including the coil of
the electromagnet o, which being thus excited attracts its armature q raising
the arm a.
As the pendulum swings to the left, its roller m acting on the left
arm of p moves it so as to break the contact. The electromagnet o being thus
rendered inert ceases to attract q and thereupon the arm a descending by its
weight, the arm a¹, acting on a roller n on the pendulum rod, gives it an impulse,
when the action is repeated. A pawl r jointed to the lever a acting on a ratchet
wheel i when a is raised, gives movement to the hands of the clock. There may
be a stud on the wheel i which at a certain point of each revolution moving a
lever f makes electrical contact by which other time pieces in a circuit may be
moved in time with that worked by the wheel i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. An electrical motor escapement for a clock consisting of a weighted lever
which during the swing of the pendulum in the one direction is raised and held

page_text: by the attraction of an electromagnet on an armature attached to the lever until
the pendulum in its return stroke opening the circuit of the magnet releases the
armature and receives an impulse from the descent of the weighted lever, substan-
tially as herein described.
2. The combination of the electromagnet o and its armature q and the lever a a¹
with the pendulum rod h and the contact lever p substantially as and for the
purposes herein set forth.
Dated the 19th July 1886.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 5th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 16th Aug., 1887.
RESERVE
GEORGE PEAKE, 11, Cemetery Road, Crewe, Cheshire, Minister, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is constructed of wire or other material, with a sharp point, and bent in screw
form, either spiral, oval, oblong or other shape for screwing or twisting into curtains,
shades, screens, drapery or other material, and with a hook for hooking onto a ring,
hook, rod or other fastenment.

page_text: I, GEORGE PEAKE of 11 Cemetery Road Crewe in the County of Chester, Minister,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
It is constructed of wire or other material with a sharp point and bent in a screw-
form either spiral, oval, oblong, or other shape for screwing or twisting, into curtains,
shades screens, drapery, or other material, and with a hook for hooking onto a ring,
hook, rod or other fastenment or support.
These hooks may be made of any size and strength required to suit the various
purposes for which they may be used.
And that the nature of my said invention may be better ascertained, a more
particular description of it is here given, and references made to the accompanying
drawings.
Fig. 1. The hook A. being formed in the usual way, the wire is bent at right
angles to the stem B. of the hook and then bent in a spiral form C. right to the
point D. each circle being of equal circumference and at a short distance from each
other. The coil C. may be formed prior to the hook and consist of one, two or more
circles and of any dimensions.
Fig. 2. Has only one circle which is vertical, the wire is bent at right angles to
the side of the stem B. of the hook A. and then bent so as to form the circular loop C.,
the point D. passing the stem at a short distance from it and extending a short
distance beyond it.
Figs. 3. and 4. are modified forms of Fig. 2. the loop C. in Fig. 3. being oval and
in Fig. 4. oblong.
Fig. 5. Is similar to Fig. 4. the loop C. being virtical instead of horizontal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
The manufacture and use of improved hooks for hanging curtains and the like, or
any other article, with hooks A., coil or loop C., and point D. formed of one piece
of wire or other material in the manner discribed in these specifications and shown in
Figs. 1. 2. 3. 4. and 5, in the accompanying drawings.
TI
1007
An Improvement in Handles of Hand Bags and the like.
Year: 1886

page_text: An Improvement in Handles of Hand Bags and the like.
BENJAMIN BARNARD HICKS 5 Castle St. Falcon Square London in the County of
Middlesex Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention for IMPROVING
THE HANDLES OF HAND BAGS AND THE LIKE to be as follows:-
A Mechanical action adapted to the Handle & Frame of Hand bags & other
similar articles to facilitate the carrying of same.
The Mechanical action aforesaid consisting of a Swivel attached to the handle.
& frame of the Hand Bags and the like.

page_text: An Improvement in Handles of Hand Bags and the like.
BENJAMIN BARNARD HICKS 5 Castle St. Falcon Square London in the County of
Middlesex Representing Paul Sternberg & Co. Fancy leather goods Manufacturers
18 Buchgasse Frankfurt a/m Germany do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
A mechanical action adapted to the Handle & Frame of Hand Bags & other
similar articles, to facilitate the carrying of same.
T
The mechanical action aforesaid consisting of a Swivel attached to the Handle
& Frame of Hand Bags &c as shewn at A on the drawings herewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what.
I claim is
The swivel action applied to Handles & Frames of Hand Bags &c as shown by
the drawings herewith.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 26th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 13th May, 1887
JOSEPH BULLEN 26 Cooke Street Stretford Road Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Brass Finisher. I do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows: :-
The object of this Invention is to avert all Danger and inconvieniance from the
bursting of a Gauge Glass, also to do away with all Ground, Plugs, Cocks, and Valves,
by the insertion of a ball, in a suitable Chamber. Made of suitable Material or
Metal, the body of the Gauge will be in two Peices the joint being immediately in
the centre of the Ball Chamber, which will enable the Vital Part, easily accesable
when Pressure is down to clean or renew.
JOSEPH BULLEN.

page_text: JOSEPH BULLEN 26 Cooke Street Stretford Road Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Brass Finisher do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This Invention consists in the adaptation of a Ball, in the construction of Water
Gauges for Steam Boilers, and other purposes, where high, Pressures are used, with
statement how to perform the same, reference to be had to the Drawing annexed here-
to, a is a Screwed Part to fix into Boiler or other Vessel. b the Ball Chamber.
c. c. Flanged or Screwed Joint. d. the seat. E, a Stuffing Box for making the joint
on the end of Glass Tube, now when the Equilibrium is disturbed by the Breaking of
a Glass or the sudden opening of the Blow off Cock F the Ball C, will rush into the
seat d, and prevent the escape of hot Water at E or F. When a Glass has been
replaced or the Balls have been brought to their Seats through the Tap F being suddenly
opened, it will be necessary to push the sliding spindle H against the Ball C to
remove it from its seat & when the Equilibrium will be again restored, the Spindle
must then be drawn back.
Year: 1886

page_text: I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from
Johan Gustaf Richert of Gothenburg Sweden) and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawing
which is a vertical section through the apparatus.
A is a cistern or receptacle of any suitable form and material supplied with the
water or other fluid through the pipe B the ball cock C closing the supply when A
gets full. The lid is removable and may be secured by means of a padlock; a
sheet of glass D allows the dial E and index hand F to be seen without disturbing
the lid.
The delivery branch G is preferably situated at the bottom of the cistern; it has
a conical opening G which can be closed by the circular or cylindrical plug H
which can be raised or lowered by turning the screwed rod I which screws into
the nut or sleeve K which forms part of or is connected with the plug H. The
nut K is square in cross section or otherwise arranged so that while it can travel
up and down freely it cannot turn.
L is a stay or bracket and forms a bearing or support for the nut K.
It will thus be seen that by turning the screwed rod I (which may be done by
removing the lid and turning the index hand F) in one direction the plug H is
caused to approach and close more or less completely the outlet G and by reason of
the conical opening or seating G₁ a very fine adjustment may be obtained.
By turning the rod I in the opposite direction the plug H is retracted and a
large opening made.
The form of the conical outlet G and plug H may be varied, as for instance
they might be square instead of round, though the latter form is for many reasons
preferred.
The position of the plug H is shown upon the dial E by the index F so that the
exact amount of opening desired may be set by placing the index F upon the
proper position on the dial

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is,
1. In a fluid regulator the combination with a conical outflow such as G¹ of a
plug such as H adapted to be projected towards or retracted from said outflow
substantially as specified.
2. In a fluid regulator the combination with the screw I which operates the
plug of an index hand and dial such as F and E for the purpose specified.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 21st Oct., 1887.
DESEDI
We, HAVELOCK HARFORD Engineer of 6 Victoria Terrace and CHARLES FREDERICK
SUTCLIFFE Surgeon Dentist of, 5, Ocean Road South Shields in the County of
Durham do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in spanners, whereby strength and lightness
are obtained. The spanner consists of a circular head with jaws of various sizes
cut out from the circumference towards the centre. The leverage is obtained by a lever
to which is attached a stop bolt to prevent the spanner revolving. The spanner is
secured to the lever by means of a bolt with a milled head passed through the
lever and screwed into the centre of the spanner, by unscrewing this centre bolt,
the spanner can be loosed, rotated, and fixed so that any jaw can be used with the
same leverage at any convenient angle.
The lever is made in two forms, the one slightly cranked the other straight, either
to fit the one spanner.

page_text: We, HAVELOCK HARFORD Engineer of 6 Victoria Terrace and CHARLES FREDERICK
SUTCLIFFE Surgeon Dentist of 5 Ocean Road South Shields in the County of
Durham do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to "Improvements in Spanners," whereby strength and
lightness are obtained. The spanner consists of a circular head with jaws of various
sizes cut out from the circumference towards the centre.
The leverage is obtained by a lever to which is attached a stop bolt to prevent
the spanner revolving. The spanner is secured to the lever by means of a bolt with
a millod head passed through the lever and screwed into the centre of the spanner,
by this centre bolt, the spanner can loosed, rotated, and fixed so that any jaw
can be used with the same leverage at any convenient angle.
The lever is made in two forms, the one slightly cranked, the other straight, either
to fit the one spanner.
The spanner is prevented from revolving by one or other of the jaws being dropped
over the stop bolt head in the lever.