IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS AND LAMPS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Shadforth Ogilvie, of Stapleton,
near Bristol, in the County of Somerset, Gentleman, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS AND LAMPS."
Sealed the 7th May 1853, and dated the 9th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Shadforth
Ogilvie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
. Petition, on the 9th November 1852.
1, GEORGE SHADFORTH OGILVIE, of Stapleton, near Bristol, in the
County of Somerset, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS AND LAMPS " to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates principally to chamber or other portable
candlesticks and to portable lamps, and consists in the application of
a spring of india-rubber or metal to that portion of the candlesticks
which contains the snuffers, and to which the extinguisher is attached,
whereby they are, both suuffers and extinguisher, retained securely' in
their respective places, and thus the inconvenience of their constantly
falling out when the candlestick is being carried about or moved for

page_text: any purpose is avoided. This spring in chamber or other portable
candlesticks is so arranged as to press at the same time upon the box
portion of the snuffers, and upon the securing shank of the extinguisher;
and when adapted to portable lamps or candlesticks where snuffers are
not required the same arrangement is applied for the purpose of holding
the extinguisher solely.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Shadforth Ogilvie in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 9th May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
GEORGE SHADFORTH OGILVIE, of Stapleton, near Bristol, in the County
of Somerset, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said George Shadforth Ogilvie,
Her special license that I, the said George Shadforth Ogilvie, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Shadforth Ogilvie, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLESTICKS AND
LAMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Shadforth Ogilvie, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Shadforth Ogilvie, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that
is to say:
My said Invention relates to an improved construction of chamber
and other portable candlesticks and lamps, and consists in a peculiar
arrangement of metal or india-rubber springs for retaining the snuffers
and extinguisher in their proper places, and preventing them from falling
out when the candlestick is being carried about or moved for any pur-
pose. Figure 1, on my Sheet of Drawings represents a side elevation
of a chamber candlestick with my improvements attached for holding
the snuffers and extinguisher; Figure 2, represents a side elevation and
partial section of a self-securing pair of snuffers; Figure 3, is a cor-
responding plan of the same; Figure 4, is a side elevation and partial
section of a self-securing extinguisher; Figure 5, represents detached
views of the securing spring and its fittings shewn adapted to the full
sized candlestick at Figure 1; Figure 6, represents detailed views of
the internal catch for retaining the extinguisher; Figure 7, is a vertical
section of a catch for retaining an extinguisher only; Figure 8, is a
plan of the same; Figure 9, is an end view of the projecting socket
which contains the spring and catch; and Figure 10, represents in
vertical section another mode of securing the snuffers of portable
candlesticks. At Figure 1, of my Drawings, A is a short metal socket
soldered or brazed in to the lower portion of the cylindrical stem B, of
the candlestick (see also Figure 5); this socket is formed with an
internal screw thread to receive the short tube C, shewn in section and
plan at Figure 5. This tube contains a small metal catch D, (Figure 6,)
with a slightly convex surface, which fits into a corresponding hollow or
indentation in the supporting shank E, of the extinguisher. Two small
plugs F, of caoutchouc are fitted within the socket A, and tube C, and
serve as the spring for retaining the snuffers and extinguishers in their
places. A small metal button or disc G, having a rounded surface, is
fitted loosely into the inner extremity of the fixed socket A, projecting

page_text: slightly beyond the end of it. When the tube C, is screwed or other-
wise fastened into its socket A, as in Figure 1, the caoutchouc plugs
inside exert an elastic pressure against the button G, and catch D,
simultaneously, thereby tending to press each of them outwards. On
inserting the snuffers into their retaining slot H, in the bottom of the
stem of the candlestick, the projecting button G, presses against the
side of the box portion of the snuffers, and effectually retains them.
holding them sufficiently tight to prevent their falling out, and yet
not tight enough to prevent their easy withdrawal when required for
use. The extinguisher is held in a somewhat similar manner, the
hollow in the shank E, fitting on to the convex surface of the catch D.
By this means the extinguisher is effectually retained in its place
without materially interfering with its withdrawal or insertion when
required for usc. In place of attaching a spring catch to the candle
stick or lamp itself, the retaining catch may be formed upon the snuffers
and extinguisher as shewn in Figures 2, 3, and 4. In such case the
slots or sockets which hold them will be of the ordinary construction.
By another arrangement the retaining springs for the suffers and
extinguisher are in two separate boxes, which may be made of sheet tin,
and soldered to the candlestick or lamp. One of these boxes is shewn
at Figures 7, 8, and 9, of the Drawings. Another mode of securing the
snuffers is shown at Figure 10. It consists in the employment of two
strips of metal A, A, which are fitted inside the stem B, of the candle-
stick. Theso strips are united or held together at their upper
extremities by a band of india-rubber C. When the snuffers are
inserted they are opened, and assume the position shewn by the dotted
lines, the india-rubber band keeping them pressed against the sides of
the box of the snuffers, as shewn. Or the india-rubber band may bo
dispensed with by making the strips of steel, and employing their
inherent spring for retaining the snuffers. Although I have described
india-rubber springs, it will be obvious to the practical man that metal
springs will be equally applicable.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not

page_text: confine or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which
I have had occasion to describe or refer to, as many variations may be
made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features
of my Invention; but what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the system or mode of holding or retaining the snuffers and
extinguisher of portable candlesticks or lamps by a spring catch
attached to the lamp in the manner and for the purpose herein-before
described.
Second, the application and use of self-securing snuffers and extin-
guishers in the manner and for the purpose herein-before described;
and,
Third, the system or mode of securing snuffers, &c. by strips of metal,
alone or in combination with an india-rubber spring, as described with
reference to Figure 10, of my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Shadforth Ogilvie, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.