New or Improved Machinery for Turning Hollow-ware.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1892-4 ccepted, 29th Oct., 1892
New or Improved Machinery for Turning Hollow-ware.
I, FREDERICK RYLAND, Managing Director of Archibald Kenrick_and_Sons
Limited, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Ironfounders do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-¡
My invention consists of the construction and arrangement of parts of machinery
for turning hollow ware hereinafter described.
I will describe my invention in connection with the turning of the body of a
saucepan.
My improvements consist of the appliances hereinafter described for fixing tho
article to be turned to the spindle of the lathe, by which the required rotary motion
is given to the said article; and the mechanism by which the turning tool is operated
so as to effect the turning of the whole of the interior of the said article.
The spindle of the lathe carries a face plate having a shallow central depression
in which the bottom of the saucepan fits. The saucepan is held securely in this
recess by a clutch consisting of two arms carrying curved clips which are made to
press upon the bulging exterior of the saucepan by a weighted lever. This lever
can be operated by hand so as to relax the pressure of the clips on fixing the
saucepan to or removing it from the face plate.
The turning tool is carried by the short arm of a lever working upon a pin or
centre on a plate which is capable of moving in a line parallel with the spindle of
the lathe and also of moving in a cross direction or in a direction at right angles to
the lathe spindle. The motions are provided for by mechanism somewhat similar
to the ordinary slide rest. The plate carrying the pin on which the turning tool
lever is fixed has its advancing motion effected by a screw and its lateral or cross
motion by means of two curved cheeks between which it works, the advancing
motion of the plate causing it to travel between the said curved cheeks and take a
curvilinear motion. The tool thus advances either from the mouth to the bottom
of the saucepan, or from the bottom to the mouth and at the same time follows the
curve of the interior of the saucepan.
Besides the described motions of the turning tool it is necessary that the cutting
edge of the tool shall take the inclination of the various parts of the interior of the
saucepan so that at all times it retains its proper position for cutting as it travels
over them. This is effected in the following manner. The long arm of the lever
carrying the turning tool has in it a slot in which slot a fixed pin engages, the said
slot having a curvature depending on the curvature of the interior of the saucepan.
As the turning tool advances in the manner already described the said fixed pin
changes the inclination of the long arm of the lever and thus gives the cutting tool
the motion required to keep its cutting edge against the variously inclined portions
of the surface on which it is.operating.
After the tool has by the means described operated upon the interior of the sides
of the rotating saucepan, its advancing and curvilinear motions are arrested and it
is now required to turn the interior of the bottom of the saucepan. To effect this
the turning tool has to travel in a line at right angles to the spindle of the lathe.
The means by which this is effected are as follows. The two plates sliding one on
the other already described. are carried by a third plate which is capable of motion.
in a line at right angles to the lathe spindle. The motion of the said third plate is
effected by a screw.
When the turning tool has reached the bottom of the interior
of the saucepan the motions hereinbefore described are arrested and the said
turning tool and the sliding plates carrying it are by the motion of the said third
plate moved in a path at right angles to the spindle of the lathe; the turning tool
D
037

page_text: the turning tool consisting of the short arm n of the lever n, n² turning on the pin
or centre n³ on the end of the horizontal bar or tool holder n'. The long arm n²
of the turning tool lever is slotted for the purpose hereinafter explained. The tool
holder n of the turning tool m is fitted in the tool holder plate or slide n working
upon the dovetail n' on the middle dovetail slide or plate p and the middle slide
or plate p works upon the bottom slide or plate p² the latter working upon the
dovetail p³.
By means of the dovetail tool holder slide no, the turning tool m carried by it is
capable of being moved in a line parallel with the spindle of the lathe and by
means of the middle dovetail slide or plate p, the said turning tool is capable of a
limited cross motion or a motion at right angles to the lathe spindle for giving the
required curvilinear motion to the said turning tool; and by means of the bottom
slide p² the two slides n° and p above it, supporting the turning tool and appliances,
are made capable of being carried across the lathe for turning the bottom of the
saucepan.
The advancing motion of the tool holder slide n° is effected by a screw at q
taking into a screw box on the said tool holder slide and the lateral or cross
motion of the tool holder slide is effected by the two curved checks r, on the
bottom slide, anti-friction rollers, s on opposite sides of the tool holder slide n
bearing against the said fixed cheeks that is, as the tool holder slide n makes its
advancing motion upon the dovetail n' it travels between the fixed checks r, r the
middle slide p carrying the tool holder slide moving laterally on the dovetail
slide and a curvilinear motion is thus given to the tool holder slide and tool.
The turning tool m thus advances and at the same time follows the curve of the
interior of the sides of the saucepan. The screw at working the tool holder slide
2
is rotated by a driving band on the pulley 92 and the rapid return motion of the
tool is effected by means of the winch or handle 3 on the end of the said screw the
band previously being taken off to allow this to be done.
Similarly the screw at t for working the bottom cross slide p² is rotated by a
band on the pulley t² and its return motion effected by the winch or handle t³, the
band being taken off as before described.
In order that the cutting edge of the turning tool m shall take the inclination of
the various parts of the interior of the saucepan and retain its proper position for
cutting as it travels over them, the slotted long arm n of the lever carrying the
said tool m engages with the fixed pin u on the bottom slide 2 the curvature of the
slot in the said long arm 2 depending on the curvature of the interior of the sauce-
pan to be turned. As the turning tool m advances in the manner described, the
said fixed pin u changes the inclination of the long arm of the, lever and gives
the turning tool the motion required to keep its cutting edge against the variously
inclined portions of the surface on which it is operating.
By the advance and curvilinear motions described of the turning tool 173. the
interior of the sides of the rotating saucepan d on the lathe spindle a are very
accurately turned. When the turning tool has reached the bottom of the interior
of the saucepan the motion of the slides and p is arrested by removing the driving
band from the pulley and the interior of the bottom of the saucepan is next
turned. This is effected by giving rotation to the screw of the dovetail p³ (on
which works a screw box fitted to the bottom slide 22) by placing the driving
band on the pulley 2 so as to cause the said bottom slide to have a cross motion
given to it upon its dovetail p³, the said bottom slide carrying with it the two upper
slides and p and their appliances and the turning tool. By the cross motion of
the turning tool it is made to travel from the niarginal to the central part of the
bottom of the saucepan and thereby effect the turning of the said bottom.
Instead of giving the curvilinear motion to the advancing tool holder slide n° by
means of rollers on its opposite sides travelling against curved cheeks on the bottom
slide, the curvilinear motion may be given to the tool holder slide in other
analogous ways. For example, the arrangement represented in Figure 4 may be
employed. In this arrangement the cheek a on one side of the tool holder slide n

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1892-4ccepted, 29th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Machinery for Turning Hollow-ware.
I, FREDERICK RYLAND, Managing Director of Archibald Kenrick and Sons
Limited, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Ironfounders do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention consists of the construction and arrangement of parts of machinery
for turning hollow ware hereinafter described.
I will describe my invention in connection with the turning of the body of a
saucepan.
My improvements consist of the appliances hereinafter described for fixing the
article to be turned to the spindle of the lathe, by which the required rotary motion
is given to the said article; and the mechanism by which the turning tool is operated
so as to effect the turning of the whole of the interior of the said article.
The spindle of the lathe carries a face plate having a shallow central depression
in which the bottom of the saucepan fits. The saucepan is held securely in this
recess by a clutch consisting of two arms carrying curved clips which are made to
press upon the bulging exterior of the saucepan by a weighted lever. This lever
can be operated by hand so as to relax the pressure of the clips on fixing the
saucepan to or removing it from the face plate.
The turning tool is carried by the short arm of a lever working upon a pin or
centre on a plate which is capable of moving in a line parallel with the spindle of
the lathe and also of moving in a cross direction or in a direction at right angles to
the lathe spindle. The motions are provided for by mechanism somewhat similar
to the ordinary slide rest. The plate carrying the pin on which the turning tool
lever is fixed has its advancing motion effected by a screw and its lateral or cross
motion by means of two curved cheeks between which it works, the advancing
motion of the plate causing it to travel between the said curved cheeks and take a
curvilinear motion. The tool thus advances either from the mouth to the bottom
of the saucepan, or from the bottom to the mouth and at the same time follows the
curve of the interior of the saucepan.
Besides the described motions of the turning tool it is necessary that the cutting
edge of the tool shall take the inclination of the various parts of the interior of the
saucepan so that at all times it retains its proper position for cutting as it travels
over them. This is effected in the following manner. The long arm of the lever
carrying the turning tool has in it a slot in which slot a fixed pin engages, the said
slot having a curvature depending on the curvature of the interior of the saucepan.
As the turning tool advances in the manner already described the said fixed pin
changes the inclination of the long arm of the lever and thus gives the cutting tool
the motion required to keep its cutting edge against the variously inclined portions
of the surface on which it is operating.
After the tool has by the means described operated upon the interior of the sides
of the rotating saucepan, its advancing and curvilinear motions are arrested and it
is now required to turn the interior of the bottom of the saucepan. To effect this
the turning tool has to travel in a line at right angles to the spindle of the lathe.
The means by which this is effected are as follows. The two plates sliding one on
the other already described are carried by a third plate which is capable of motion.
in a line at right angles to the lathe spindle. The motion of the said third plate is
effected by a screw.
When the turning tool has reached the bottom of the interior
of the saucepan the motions hereinbefore described are arrested and the said
turning tool and the sliding plates carrying it are by the motion of the said third
plate moved in a path at right angles to the spindle of the lathe; the turning tool

page_text: is thereby made to travel from the marginal to the central part of the bottom and
thereby effect the turning of the bottom.
The motions of the turning tool are effected automatically. That is, the two
screws by which they are actuated are put into motion by bands and pulleys or
other gearing connecting them to the shaft by which the lathe is driven. The said
screws are capable of being thrown out of gear by hand in order to permit of the
rapid return motion of the tools.
Dated the 14th day of January 1892
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Machinery for Turning Hollow-ware.
1, FREDERICK RYLAND, Managing Director of Archibald Kenrick and Sons
Limited, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Ironfounders, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of the construction and arrangement of parts of machinery
for turning hollow-ware hereinafter described.
I will describe my invention in connection with the turning of the body of a
saucepan.
My improvements consist of the appliances hereinafter described for fixing the
article to be turned to the spindle of the lathe, by which the required rotary
motion is given to the said article; and the mechanism by which the turning tool is
operated so as to effect the turning of the whole of the interior of the said article.
The spindle of the lathe carries a face plate having a shallow central depression
in which the bottom of the saucepan fits. The saucepan is held securely in this
recess by a clutch consisting of two arms carrying curved clips which are made to
press upon the bulging exterior of the saucepan by a weighted lever. This lever
can be operated by hand so as to relax the pressure of the clips on fixing the
saucepan to or removing it from the face plate.
The turning tool is carried by the short arm of a lever working upon a pin or
centre on a plate, slide or tool holder which is capable of moving in a line parallel
with the spindle of the lathe and also of moving in a cross direction or in a direction
at right angles to the lathe spindle. The motions are provided for by mechanism
somewhat similar to the ordinary slide rest. The plate carrying the pin on which
the turning tool lever is fixed has its advancing motion effected by a screw and its
lateral or cross motion by means of two curved cheeks between which it works, the
advancing motion of the plate or slide causing it to travel between the said curved
checks and take a curvilinear motion. The tool thus advances either from the
mouth to the bottom of the saucepan or from the bottom to the mouth and at the
same time follows the curve of the interior of the saucepan.
Besides the described motions of the turning tool it is necessary that the cutting
edge of the tool shall take the inclination of the various parts of the interior of the
saucepan so that at all times it retains its proper position for cutting as it travels
over them. This is effected in the following manner. The long arm of the lever
carrying the turning tool has in it a slot in which slot a fixed pin engages, the said
slot having a curvature depending on the curvature of the interior of the saucepan.
As the turning tool advances in the manner already described the said fixed pin
changes the inclination of the long arm of the lever and thus gives the cutting tool
the motion required to keep its cutting edge against the variously inclined portions
of the surface on which it is operating.
After the tool has by the means described operated upon the interior of the sides
of the rotating saucepan, its advancing and curvilinear motions are arrested and it
is now required to turn the interior of the bottom of the saucepan. To effect this

page_text: the turning tool has to travel in a line at right angles to the spindle of the lathe.
The means by which this is effected is as follows. The two plates, or slides sliding
one on the other already described are carried by a third plate or slide which is
capable of motion in a line at right angles to the lathe spindle. The motion of the
said third plate or slide is effected by a screw. When the turning tool has reached
the bottom of the interior of the saucepan the motions hereinbefore described are
arrested and the said turning tool and the sliding plates carrying it are by the
motion of the said third plate or slide moved in a path at right angles to the spindle
of the lathe the turning tool is thereby made to travel from the marginal to the
central part of the bottom and thereby effect the turning of the bottom.
The motions of the turning tool may be effected automatically, that is, the two
screws by which they are actuated may be put into motion by bands and pulleys or
other gearing connecting them to the shaft by which the lathe is driven. The said
screws are capable of being thrown out of gear by hand in order to permit of the
rapid return motion of the tools.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan; Figure 2 in side elevation and Figure 3 in end
elevation, machinery for turning hollow ware, the parts of the said machinery being
constructed combined and worked according to my invention.
Figure 4 represents in plan a modification of part of the machinery as hereinafter
described.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawings.
a is the rotary spindle of the lathe or turning machinery driven by a band
working over the conical driving pulley bor otherwise driven. Fixed on the said
rotary spindle a is a face plate c in a shallow central recess or seat c² in which
the bottom of the body of the saucepan d fits. The clutch for holding the
saucepan d in the recess or seat c³ during the turning operation rotates with the
lathe spindle a, but is also capable of sliding upon the said spindle for fixing
the saucepan to or removing it from the seat of the face plate c. The said clutch
consists of the sliding disc e provided with two parallel arms ff passing through
the face plate c, the ends of the said arms carrying curved clips g, 9 which are
made to press upon the bulging exterior of the saucepan for fixing the latter in
the seat of the face plate. The clutch is maintained in the position represented for
holding the saucepan by the weighted cranked lever h, i turning on the pin or
centre, the nearly vertical arms of the lever being provided with studs h³
(see Figure 1). These studs work in the sliding grooved wheel forming part of
the sliding disc or plate e, the said grooved wheel being connected to the spindle a
by a pin and slot. The nearly horizontal arm i of the cranked lever is weighted
as represented. By means of the handle 7 on the cranked lever a sliding motion
may be given to the clutch for relaxing the pressure of the curved clips g, g on the
exterior of the saucepan or for bringing the said clips into such a position that
the bottom of the saucepan can be fitted in the seat or recess c³ in the face plate c.
In order to place the saucepan body to be turned in the seat or recess c² in
the face plate è on the spindle a, the handle is pushed forward in the direction
of the arrow near it and the clutch thereby moved forward on the spindle until
the disc is in contact with the face plate c. The curved clips g, g of the clutch
are thereby moved such a distance from the face plate c that the bottom of the
saucepan can be introduced into the recess in the said face plate. By then
relaxing the pressure on the handle the sliding clutch is made to take by the
action of the weighted lever h, i the position represented so as to cause the curved
clips g, g to press upon the bulging exterior of the saucepan and, hold it firmly
during the turning operation. In order to remove the saucepan from the spindle
the clips g, y are withdrawn from the saucepan by sliding the clutch forward on
the spindle by operating the handle 7.
I will now describe the mechanism for turning the interior of the saucepan ; m is

page_text: .
the turning tool consisting of the short arm n of the lever n, n² turning on the pin
or centre n³ on the end of the horizontal bar or tool holder nt. The long arm n
of the turning tool lever is slotted for the purpose hereinafter explained. The tool
holder of the turning tool m is fitted in the tool holder plate or slide n working
upon the dovetail n' on the middle dovetail slide or plate p and the middle slide
or plate p works upon the bottom slide or plate p² the latter working upon the
dovetail p³.
By means of the dovetail tool holder slide n, the turning tool m carried by it is
capable of being moved in a line parallel with the spindle of the lathe and by
means of the middle dovetail slide or plate p, the said turning tool is capable of a
limited cross motion or a motion at right angles to the lathe spindle for giving the
required curvilinear motion to the said turning tool; and by means of the bottom
slide p the two slides n° and p above it, supporting the turning tool and appliances,
are made capable of being carried across the lathe for turning the bottom of the.
saucepan.
The advancing motion of the tool holder slide n is effected by a screw at
taking into a screw box on the said tool holder slide and the lateral or cross
motion of the tool holder slide is effected by the two curved checks r, on the
bottom slide 2, anti-friction rollerss, s on opposite sides of the tool holder slide n
bearing against the said fixed cheeks that is, as the tool holder slide n makes its
advancing motion upon the dovetail n' it travels between the fixed checks r, r the
middle slide p carrying the tool holder slide moving laterally on the dovetail
slide and a curvilinear motion is thus given to the tool holder slide and tool.
The turning tool m thus advances and at the same time follows the curve of the
interior of the sides of the saucepan. The screw at working the tool holder slide
is rotated by a driving band on the pulley q2 and the rapid return motion of the
tool is effected by means of the winch or handle q³ on the end of the said screw the
band previously being taken off to allow this to be done.
Similarly the screw at t for working the bottom cross slide p² is rotated by a
band on the pulley 2 and its return motion effected by the winch or handle t³, the
band being taken off as before described.
In order that the cutting edge of the turning tool m shall take the inclination of
the various parts of the interior of the saucepan and retain its proper position for
cutting as it travels over them, the slotted long arm of the lever carrying the
said tool m engages with the fixed pin u on the bottom slide p² the curvature of the
slot in the said long arm 2 depending on the curvature of the interior of the sauce-
pan to be turned. As the turning tool m advances in the manner described, the
said fixed pin changes the inclination of the long arm n of the lever and gives
the turning tool the motion required to keep its cutting edge against the variously
inclined portions of the surface on which it is operating.
By the advance and curvilinear motions described of the turning tool m, the
interior of the sides of the rotating saucepan d on the lathe spindle a are very
accurately turned. When the turning tool has reached the bottom of the interior
of the saucepan the motion of the slides no and p is arrested by removing the driving
band from the pulley and the interior of the bottom of the saucepan is next
turned. This is effected by giving rotation to the screw of the dovetail 23 (on
which works a screw box fitted to the bottom slide p²) by placing the driving
band on the pulley 2 so as to cause the said bottom slide to have a cross motion
given to it upon its dovetail p³, the said bottom slide carrying with it the two upper
slides and p and their appliances and the turning tool. By the cross motion of
the turning tool it is made to travel from the marginal to the central part of the
bottom of the saucepan and thereby effect the turning of the said bottom.
Instead of giving the curvilinear motion to the advancing tool holder slide nº by
means of rollers on its opposite sides travelling against curved cheeks on the bottom
slide, the curvilinear motion may be given to the tool holder slide in other
analogous ways. For example, the arrangement represented in Figure 4 may be
employed. In this arrangement the check on one side of the tool holder slide **

page_text: has made in it a slot y of the required curvature, which slot works upon the fixed
pin y carried by the bottom slide 22. As the tool holder slide makes its advancing
motion, the required curvilinear motion is given to the turning tool carried by it by
the said curved slot y working on the fixed pin y, the long arin n³ of the lever being
used as in the first described arrangement.
Besides turning the interior of the bodies of saucepans my invention is applicable
to the turning of other articles of hollow ware such for example as oval and round
pots, kettles, digesters, stew pots, preserve pans, maslin kettles and other like
articles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention of "New or improved machinery for turning hollow-ware"
:-
First The combination of the parts of the sliding clutch hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for fixing the saucepan or other
hollow ware article to be turned to the rotating spindle of the lathe or turning
machinery.
Secondly-The construction and combinations of parts substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for giving motion
to the turning tool, whereby the advancing motion of the slide or plate carrying
the turning tool is made to give the required curvilinear motion to the said tool for
following the curve of the interior of the sides of the saucepan or other hollow-ware
article to be turned.
Thirdly Mounting the turning tool upon a lever the long arm of which is
slotted and engages with a fixed pin for the purpose of causing the cutting edge of
the said tool to take the inclination of the various parts of the interior of the
saucepan or other hollow-ware article being turned as the said tool travels over
them substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
:
Fourthly The combination with the upper compound slide and its adjuncts of
the turning lathe or machine, by which slide the required advancing and curvilinear
motions are given to the turning tool, of the bottom slide for giving the transverse
or cross motion to the turning tool for turning the bottom of the saucepan or other
hollow-ware article being turned substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Twenty-seventh day of September 1892.
FRED. RYLAND.