Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1899
I, REGINALD HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Buckingham
Street Strand, W.C., London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention a communication to me from abroad by Maurice Ready, Metal Worker,
of 233, East Bainbridge Street, Francis John Mc.Cormick, Senior, Plumber,
and The Dayton Supply Company, of 439, East First Street, all in Dayton, State
of Ohio, United States of America and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in Water Heaters for domestic or
household use,
such for example as bath rooms and other places where warm or
hot water is not constantly required.
The object of the invention is to provide means for quickly heating the water
whenever required. To this end the invention comprises means for obtaining a
maximum amount of heating surface for the water so that the latter will be
quickly raised to a more or less high temperature with a comparatively small
consumption of fuel.
The invention consists first, in the construction and assembling of a plurality
of conical and cylindrical shells within a main casing and in providing a series of
fire and water chambers around the interior of the outer casing and in close
proximity to each other.
The said invention further consists in means for distributing the water through-
out said chambers, and the said invention further consists in means comprising
a combination faucet for controlling the admission of gas and water to the heater.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1, is a sectional elevation of the improved instantaneous water heater
herein referred to.
Figure 2, is an enlarged view of the combination faucet by means of which
the water and gas are simultaneously admitted and cut off.
Figure 3, is a vertical sectional view through the valves and valve chambers.
Figure 4, is a horizontal sectional view through the water valve chamber.
A designates an outer casing formed of sheet metal of any desirable orna-
mentation. Within this casing are assembled in concentric relation several shells
of sheet metal which provide the fire and water chambers hereinafter more
particularly described. A¹ is a conical-shaped shell which extends down on the
interior of the outer casing, and forms the chamber A" just above the gras
burner H. Owing to the cone-shape of the shell A¹ the fire chamber A" narrows
gradually as it extends up and the ascending flame is concentrated and more
thoroughly utilized by reason of such contraction of the flame space. B designates
a cylinder or fire tube which occupies a central position in the assemblage and
provides a central fire chamber B¹. C is an outer cone-shaped shell; this latter
shell is united at its lower end to a concaved plate or bowl D which has an opening
in its center to admit the flame to the central tube B. Around the outer side of the
shell C there is formed between it and the shell A¹ a fire chamber I which is
an extension of the bottom fire chamber A". It will thus be seen that the flame

page_text: envelopes the assemblage of shells at the outer circumference as well as at the
center, therefore, when heat is applied the several surfaces or shells become heated
simultaneously as well as instantaneously.
Adjacent to and surrounding the central fire tube B there is a slightly cone-
shaped shell E which is secured to and rests upon the bowl D. This shell pro-
vides the inner and outer water-heating chambers F and G which are exposed
approximately throughout their lengths to the heat generated in the fire chambers,
said water chambers decrease in area as they extend upwardly owing to the
conical shape of the shells. The water is primarily introduced to chamber F
through a teed pipe J which connects with the combination faucet which will be
described in detail hereinafter. The water is distributed from the upper ends of
the circulating chambers F and G by means of a cap or distributor K which is
mounted on the upper ends of the shells. The hollow interior of this distributor
is shut off from communication with the fire chamber I but said distributor pro-
vides a communication with the water chamber G from the primary water chamber,
and with the final water chamber L between the shell A¹ and outer casing A.
The last named chamber is the chamber from which the heated water is finally
drawn through faucet M. In addition to the water entering the chamber L by
the way of the distributor down the outside of the shell A there are also passages N
between said chamber L and chamber G through which the hot water circulates.
The water passing down around the shell A¹, is quickly given a maximum tem-
perature when it enters said chamber L which being at the base of the heater,
is subjected to a greater degree of heat.
In order to provide absolutely safe means for controlling the admission and
cut-off of the gas and water, means are provided for controlling these simul-
taneously so that there will be no confusion. The combination faucet illustrated
on Sheet 2 is used. O connects with the gas, and P connects with the water supply
pipes. Qis a cock controlling the gas supply and R is a valve controlling the
main water supply. The seating end of this valve may have one or more grooves
cut therein and forming a by-pass so that at no time will water be entirely cut
off from the heater. This is a mere precautionary measure to guard against care-
lessness in cutting off all supply of water by closing valve R while fire is burning
in the heater.
The admission of the gas is controlled by a conical-shaped rotary valve S. The
admission of water is controlled by a compression valve T which is moved in a
vertical plane to and from its seat a. These different valves are given their re-
spective movements simultaneously by a single operating lever or handle U
which is an integral part of the gas valve S. The water valve T is moved at the
same time by a worm or screw which is connected in the head of valve S by a
pin W or in any other suitable way. It will therefore be seen that in moving
the handle the gas and water will be concurrently admitted or cut off as the
case may be. X designates an igniter for lighting the burner the moment the
gas is turned on. This tuberX communicates through a passage Y with port Z;
Y being an extension from the gas valve S. Gas is initially admitted through the
cock Z to the igniter X which is then lighted, and the valve handle U turned to
simultaneously admit gas and water; the lighted igniter tube X is, during this
movement of the valves, moved with its flame in proximity with the gas burner H
when a lighting of the latter takes place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;-
1. In a water heater, a plurality of more or less conical-shaped shells con-
centrically disposed around a central cylinder, the whole providing inner and
outer fire chambers and adjacent water chambers, and a distributor at the top
of the assemblage of shells for distributing the water in the proper chambers
to enable a rapid heating of the same.

page_text: 2. In a water heater, the combination of an outer casing a gas burner located
in the base thereof, a series of cone-shaped shells within said outer casing con-
nected at their lower ends to a bowl which forms the upper inclosure of the fire
chamber, the said cone shaped shells combining to provide water-heating chambers
and an outer fire chamber extending throughout the lengths of said shells, and
an inner cylindrical shell communicating with the center of the fire chamber and
distributing heat throughout the center of the assemblage of shells.
3. In a water heater, a combination faucet having two separate passages, to-
wit one for the admission of gas to the burner, and the other for the admission
of water to the heater, a separate valve controlling each passage, and means for
operating said valves to simultaneously admit and cut off the supply of gas and
water.