A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PURIFYING VEGETABLE, ANIMAL, AND MINERAL OILS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Alfred Barlow, of 6, St. Paul's Churchyard, in
"
the City of London, Patent Agent and Engineer, for an Invention of A
NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PURIFYING VEGETABLE, ANIMAL, AND
MINERAL OILS," A communication from abroad by Jean Henri Chaudet, of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Alfred Barlow at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1881.
WALTER ALFRED BARLOW, of 6, St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London,
Patent Agent and Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PURIFYING
VEGETABLE, ANIMAL, AND MINERAL OILS." A communication from abroad by
Jean Henri Chaudet, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to a new or improved process for purifying vegetable,
animal, and mineral oils by the reducing agency of sulphurous acid, alkaline
bisulphites, alkaline hydrosulphites, and so forth.
All oils absorb the oxygen of the air, then they become resinous.
In the system of purification now in use oils are treated by alkali (soda, potash),
or by mineral acids (sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or nitric acid), but the said
system helps the further oxydation of the oils instead of preventing it.
It has been found that oils ought to be treated by reducing bodies instead of
oxydizing ones, whereby they acquire the following new characteristics:-
(1.) Oils belonging to the class of unctuous oils may be used for the lubrication
of machines.
(2.) Siccative oils become prejudicial to alkaline lies of little strength,
(3.) Animal oils are disinfected.
(4.) Mineral oils lose, according to their origin, part or the whole of their
dicroicité.
The said reduction of the oils is effected as follows :-
The oils to be treated are put in a copper boiler together with from 2 to 3 per

page_text: The mixture is heated and stirred until all the sulphurous acid is eliminated, and
until the salt which remains as a residuum is dry. The mucilage of the oils fall
down to the bottom of the boiler with the salt, then the oil floating about the
precipitate is decanted.
"
The importance of this new process lies in the use of siccative oils (castor-oil,
poppy, cotton, and seed oils), as oils for the coloring of reds called Turkey red,
madder, or artificial alizarine, and in the mode of using the said colors; also in the
different sorts of sizing of thread and fabrics of any kind.
The way to use the said oil for Turkey red is the same as when olive oils
prepared by the old processes are used.
For the fixing of aniline black and to prevent it from turning green, it will
suffice to pass thread and fabrics through an oil bath slightly saturated with soda
before producing the black.
For the finishing of fabrics, 10 lbs. or 20 lbs. of castor-oil previously washed in a
light solution of soda are mixed with 100 lbs. of fecula and innert matters
(sulphate of baryta, kaolin, and so forth), then it is heated by ordinary means, such
as by steam directly or a steam jacket.
Siccative oils used in the finishing of textiles and fabrics play the same part as
linseed oil in painting. By the dessication they become resinous and hold the
amylaceous and innert matters employed in the sizing or dressing.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Walter Alfred Barlow in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th January 1882.
WALTER ALFRED BARLOW, of C, St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London,
Patent Agent and Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PURIFYING
VEGETABLE, ANIMAL, AND MINERAL OILS." A communication from abroad by
Jean Henri Chaudet, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to a new or improved process for purifying vegetable,
animal, and mineral oils by the reducing agency of sulphurous acid, alkaline
bisulphites, alkaline hydrosulphites, and so forth. All oils absorb the oxygen of
the air, and then they become as it is termed resinous.
In the system of purification now in use oils are treated by alkali (soda, potash),
or by mineral acids (sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or nitric acid), but the said
system helps the further oxidation of the oils instead of preventing it.
It has been been found that oils ought to be treated by reducing bodies instead
of by oxydizing ones, whereby they acquire the following new characteristics :-
(1.) Oils belonging to the class of unctuous oils may be used for the lubrication
of machines.
(2.) Siccative oils become prejudicial (tournantes) to alkaline lyes of little
strength.
(3.) Animal oils are disinfected.
(4.) Mineral oils lose, according to their origin, part or the whole of their
dicroisity.
The said reduction of the oils is effected as follows:-
The oils to be treated are put in a copper boiler together with from 2 to 3 per
cent. by weight of bisulphite of soda at 25° to 35°. The mixture is heated and
stirred until all the sulphurous acid is eliminated, and until the salt which remains
as a residuum is dry. The mucilage of the oils falls down to the bottom of the
boiler with the salt, then the oil floating above the precipitate is decanted.
The importance of this new process lies in the use of siccative oils (castor oil, poppy,
cotton, and seed oils), as "huile tournante" for the coloring or dyeing with reds,
called Turkey red, madder, or artificial alizarine, and in the mode of using the
said colors; also in the different sorts of sizing of thread and fabrics of any
kind.
The way to use the said oil for Turkey-red is the same as when olive oils
(tournante) prepared by the old processes are used.
In the fixing of aniline black and to prevent it from turning green, it will
suffice to pass the thread and fabrics through an oil bath slightly saturated with
soda before producing the black.
For the priming in the finishing of fabrics, 10 lbs. to 20 lbs. of castor oil
previously washed in.a weak solution of soda are mixed with 100 lbs. of fecula.
and inert matters (sulphate of baryta, kaolin, and so forth), then it is heated
by ordinary means, such as by steam directly or in a steam jacketted boiler.
Siccative oils used in the finishing of textiles and fabrics play the same part as
linsead oil in painting. By the dessication, they become resinous and hold the
amylaceous and inert matters employed in the sizing or dressing, whether of
fabrics, threads, or pulp, as paper pulp.
Having thus described the nature and particulars of the said Invention in such
wise that the same may be readily carried into practical effect, I claim,―
The purification of animal, vegetable, and mineral oils by the employment of

page_text: reducing agents, such as sulphurous acid, the alcaline bisulphites, and so forth, and
the use of the so purified oils for the purposes and in the manner as herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Walter Alfred Barlow, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 26th day of January 1882.
WALTER A, BARLOW. (L.S.)