CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, ROVING, AND SPINNING, COTTON, FLAX, SILK, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
BROWN WILSON, of the Borough of Kingston-upon-Hull, Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Eighteenth day of January, in the eighth year of Her reigu,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Edward Brown Wilson, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Edward Brown Wilson, my exors, adñiors, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Brown Wilson, my exors,
adiiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, ROVING, AND SPINNING, COTTON, FLAX, SILK, WOOL,
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso that I, the said Edward Brown Wilson, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Edward Brown Wilson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-

page_text: tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to Improvements in Machinery used for Twisting,
Roving, and Spinning, Cotton, Flax, Silk, Wool, and other Fibrous Sub-
stances, and consists of modes of arranging spindles, flyers, and other
apparatus in combination therewith, as hereafter explained.
And in order that the Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shews a spindle, flyer, and bobbin, combined or arranged with a
fixed hollow socket according to the first part of my Invention. a is the
spindle having near its upper end a disc b fixed for receiving the bobbin, there
being a pin c to hold the end of the bobbin, so that it and the spindle may
move together by the drag. The flyer d is separate from the spindle, and
moves on a hollow fixed socket e on the fixed rail f, and the necessary
traverse (whether for building a cop or for winding on a bobbin) is communi--
cated to the rail which receives the lower ends of the spindles, as is well
understood. The flyer d is inverted, leaving the upper end of the spindle to
receive the bobbin on its naked surface, and in such manner that it may be
readily removed or applied from time to time as required. It will be seen
in this arrangement that the spindle is not driven, but is only drawn round by
the drag, hence the quantity of drag will be that which is required to put
the bobbin and spindle [(with any additional drag which may be applied
thereto, as is well understood) in motion. The spindle turns freely within
the hollow fixed socket c, and the wharve of the inverted flyer turns freely
on the outside of the hollow socket e, hence the revolution of the wharve docs
not interfere with the spindle. I would here remark, that although it is
necessary to this part of my Invention, as well as to the other parts of my
Invention hereafter described, that the flyers should be inverted and driven,
yet I do not claim that arrangement when uncombined with a fixed socket e,
and with a free undriven spindle, so as to obtain the drag as herein-before
mentioned.
I will now describe the second part of my Invention, which is shewn at
Figure 2, where the parts are arranged very similarly to those above ex-
plained, and they are marked with the same letters of reference; but in this
combination the spindle has a wharve 9 affixed thereto, so as to be driven by a
.

page_text: band, and the bobbin is free to move on the upper end of the spindle. In
other respects the description above given, aided by the Drawing, Figure 2,
will be sufficient to enable a workman to understand this part of my Inven-
tion. And I would remark, that I do not claim the driving of the spindle,
nor the inverted flyer with separate bands, when uncombined with the hollow
fixed socket e, on the interior of which the spindle can turn freely, and on the
exterior of which the wharve of the inverted flyer can revolve freely, so that
the movement of one does not interfere with that of the other.
The third part of my Invention consists in giving to the spindle and its bobbin
more revolutions in a given time than is given to the inverted flyer (the
drag being occasioned by the difference of the speeds of the two revolutions),
when such spindle and inverted flyer are combined with a fixed socket e, as
herein described. The quantity of difference between the spindle and the
flyer may be varied, under the circumstances hereafter given, so long as the
spindle with its bobbin is in excess; and I usually drive the inverted flyer
at five thousand revolutions in a minute, and the spindle with its bobbin five
thousand one hundred and forty to five thousand one hundred and fifty revolu-
tions per minute, thus giving to the spindle an excess of one hundred and
forty to one hundred and fifty revolutions in the minute; that is, supposing the
barrel of the bobbin to be one inch diameter; and I have found that by thus
giving the excess in favour of the spindle, when the parts are arranged accord-
in to the second part of my Invention, very advantageous results are obtained.
I would here state, that the spinner will judge of the drag required for parti-
cular yarn as heretofore, this part of the Invention only reversing the ordinary
mode of getting the drag, by driving the bobbin faster than the flyer, in place
of driving the flyer faster than the bobbin, as heretofore. And in order to
obtain equality of result from beginning to the end of winding a bobbin, not-
withstanding the gradual increase of diameter of the bobbin, I prefer that the
excess of the spindle's speed should be gradually diminished as the bobbin
encreases in diameter, so that when the bobbin is finished winding the
difference of speed may be reduced from the amount above mentioned to
seventy or seventy-five revolutions, the driving of the spindle being reduced
by means of cones or other convenient means, as is well understood. The
modes of arranging spindles, flyers, and bobbins, with other apparatus, accord-
ing to my Invention, are applicable for twisting, roving, and spinning, the
workman making the spindles and apparatus according to the purposes to
which they are to be applied, as heretofore.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I
am acquainted with for performing the same, I would have it understood

page_text: that I make no claim to any of the mechanical parts separately, nor do I
confine myself to the details shewn, so long as the peculiar character of either
part of my Invention be retained. But what I claim is,―
First, the mode herein described of combining an inverted driven flyer on a
fixed hollow socket with a spindle free to move round within such socket,
whereby the drag is obtained by having to move the bobbin and spindle, as
explained.
Secondly, I claim the mode herein described of combining a driven inverted
flyer moving on a fixed hollow socket with a driven spindle moving within
such socket, as described in respect to Figure 2.
And, thirdly, I claim the giving an excess of revolutions to a driven spindle
when combined with an inverted driven flyer moving on a fixed hollow socket,
as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Brown Wilson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.