IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOTTLES, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Langwell and Henry Spring, trading
under the Firm of Langwell, Spring, and Company, of the Don
Glass Works, Attercliffe, in the Township of Attercliffe-cum-
Darnall, Parish of Sheffield, in the West Riding of the County of
York, Glass Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BOTTLES, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
THEREIN."
Sealed the 5th September 1868, and dated the 6th March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Langwell and
Henry Spring at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition on the 6th March 1868.
We, WILLIAM LANGWELL and HENRY SPRING, trading under the
Firm of Langwell, Spring, and Company, of the Don Glass Works,
Attercliffe, in the Township of Attercliffe-cum-Darnall, Parish of
Sheffield, in the West Riding of the County of York, Glass Manufac-
turers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOTTLES, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO
BE EMPLOYED THEREIN" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture
of bottles and in apparatus therefor, and has reference to the formation

page_text: of their necks. We propose to mount a hollow cylinder horizontally
on a pedestal or standards in which it is made to revolve by hand or
other power. A spindle passes within the cylinder and is jointed to two
arms or levers with a crank motion inside the head of the cylinder,
these arms or levers protruding through the periphery of the head of
the cylinder, and the spindle is caused to advance or retire to and from
the front or head of the cylinder by means of a slide rod set in bearings
at the lower part of the apparatus, such rod being joined to a vertical
connecting rod having a fulcrum extending from the rear standard and
entering a circular groove cut around and into the projecting end of the
spindle, by which means the spindle is caused to advance and retire
within the cylinder, and consequently to cause the arms or levers to
assume a greater or less obtuse angle, and thus to contract or expand
the dies or to open and close them. The dies being placed and fixed at
the end of two rocking levers actuated by the internal arms or levers,
and the interior of the bottle neck being placed on a plug or stem
serving as a guide fixed on a plain face in front of the cylinder, it
follows that the plain face will act as a stop for the forward position of
the bottle neck, and that the revolution of all the parts (the bottle being
held stationary) will form or cut the neck of the bottle in accordance
with the surface of the two dies revolving around the necks.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said William Langwell and Henry Spring in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
LANGWELL and HENRY SPRING, trading under the Firm of Langwell,
Spring, and Company, of the Don Glass Works, Attercliffe, in the
Township of Attercliffe-cum-Darnall, Parish of Sheffield, in the West
Riding of the County of York, Glass Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-first
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said William Langwell and Henry Spring, Her

page_text: special licence that we, the said William Langwell and Henry Spring,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said William Langwell and Henry Spring, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF BOTTLES, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Langwell and
Henry Spring, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Langwell and Henry
Spring, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Our Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture
of bottles and in apparatus therefor, and has reference to the formation
of their necks.
In one description of our apparatus or machine we mount a hollow
cylinder horizontally on a pedestal or standards in which it is made
to revolve by hand or other power. A spindle passes within the
cylinder and is jointed to two arms or levers with a crank motion
inside the head of the cylinder, these arms or levers protruding through
the periphery of the head of the cylinder, and the spindle is caused
to advance or retire to and from the front or head of the cylinder by
means of a slide rod set in bearings at the lower part of the apparatus,
such rod being joined to a vertical connecting rod having a fulcrum
extending from the rear standard and entering a circular grooved cut
around and into the projecting end of the spindle, by which means
the spindle is caused to advance and retire within the cylinder, and
consequently to cause the arms or levers to assume a greater or less
obtuse angle and thus to contract or expand the dies or to open and

page_text: close them. The dies being placed and fixed at the end of two rocking
levers actuated by the internal arms or levers, and the interior of the
bottle neck being placed on a plug or stem serving as a guide fixed
on a plain face in front of the cylinder, it follows that the plain face
will act as a stop for the forward motion of the bottle neck, and that
the revolution of all the parts (the bottle being held stationary) will
form or cut the neck of the bottle in accordance with the surface of
the two dies revolving around the neck.
In order that our said Invention may be completely understood we
proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying
Drawings, which represent a machine on the same principle as that
already described but with certain modifications, alterations, and additions
the description of which will render the former arrangement of
machinery perfectly clear to any person conversant with the subject.
In this machine instead of the spindle or shaft being hollow it is solid,
and four diagonal arms and revolving dies are used, the arms being
operated by a sliding box outside the solid shaft.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal elevation of the machine, and Fig. 2
a front view of the plain face, similar letters denoting corresponding
parts in each Figure, No. 1 being partly in section.
A is a cog wheel fixed and keyed to the spindle or shaft B; C is
a boss acting as a neck to the spindle B; D, D, are two circular boxes
which hold four diagonal arms E, E, (two only of which are shewn)
such boxes being made to slide and to open and close the arms E, E,
on a straight surface F attached to the spindle. The four diagonal
arms E, E, terminate in T ends in the boss C and at the other ex-
tremities pass through the straight surface F and hold four revolving
dies M, M, M, M. G is a plug fitting in the centre of the straight
surface which enters the bottle neck; H shews a bottle in position for
having the neck made; J, J, is the holder for the bottle resting upon
two supports N, N; K is a lever attached to the foremost box D, by
means of which the arms E, E, are caused to open and close; L, L,
are the brass supports in which the body of the machine rests and is
made to revolve by means of the cog wheel A; O, O, is the bed upon
which the whole is supported.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed we would remark in
conclusion that we do not restrict ourselves to the exact details or

page_text: arrangements of parts described and shewn, as of course they may be
varied or modified to accomplish the results desired without in any
way departing from the principle on which the Invention is based,
but what we claim and desire to be secured to us by the herein in
part recited Letters Patent are, the improvements in forming the necks
of bottles by the machinery or apparatus substantially as herein specified
and partly illustrated by the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Langwell and Henry
Spring, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirty-first
day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-eight.
5
Witness,
P. W. JOHNSON,
Attercliffe,
Sheffield.
WILLIAM LANGWELL. (L.S.)
HENRY SPRING.
(L.S.)