Improvements in Hydraulic Valves.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Valves.
I, AMBROSE WORDSWORTH, of 141, West Street, Leeds, in the County of York,
Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in hydraulic valves and has for object
to arrange the cup leathers or the like on the valve spindle in such a manner that
the valve will be in equilibrium at any part of the stroke so that the valves can
be easily operated; the invention also has for object to dispense with the usual
gland leathers, stuffing boxes and packing thereby enabling the valves and
spindles to be readily removed from their casings or barrels.
Referring to the accompanying illustrative drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 shew in
sectional elevation and in front view a single acting valve according to this
invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 shew in sectional elevation and in side view a double acting
valve.
Fig. 5 shews in sectional plan, a double acting valve where both spindles are
moved simultaneously in either direction.
Fig. 6 shews in sectional elevation a double acting valve operated by a single
spindle.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, 1 is the valve spindle formed at its upper end with
a screw threaded part 2, which engages with an internally screw threaded head 3,
against which abuts a cup leather 4 threaded on the rod 1 and kept in place by
a distance piece 6, the edge 5 of the cup leather 4 projecting downward. 6" is
also a distance piece between the adjacent ends of which and of the distance
pieces 6, is placed a similar cup leather 4". whose edge 5 projects downward.
4b and 4 are other cup leathers arranged respectively between the distance
piece 6" and another distance piece 6" and between the latter and a nut 7 screwed
upon the screw threaded lower end S of the spindle 1, the edges 5 and 5 of the
respective cup leathers projecting upwardly. The cup leathers 4, 4ª, 4", 4°
and the distance pieces 6, 6, 6b are held in position on the spindle 1 by the nut 7.
10 is the inlet to the valve casing communicating with a chamber 11, therein,
and 12 is the outlet to the hydraulic cylinder communicating with a chamber 15
in the valve casing: 14 is a chamber formed with an exhaust outlet 16 com-
municating with the chamber 15 through a passage 13.
For operating single acting valves the spindle 1 may be connected as shown
in Figs. 1 and 2 through the head 3 to one arm of a bell crank lever 17 carried
by links 18 mounted on a stud 19 carried in a bearing 20 on the valve casing 21.
For operating double acting valves such as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, which show a
pair of valves each similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the spindles 1, 1" may
be connected through the heads 3 as shown to a lever 23, 23 having a handle 24
and oscillating on a stud 25 mounted in a bearing 25 on the valve casing 21.
To facilitate the description of the operation of the valves the inlet ports are

page_text: marked I, the outlet ports 0, and the exhaust ports E. In Figs. 1 and 2 the
fluid under pressure enters by the inlet I and its passage to the outlet 0 is con-
trolled by the valves 4, 4 which are in equilibrium. In Figs. 3 and 4 the
fluid under pressure enters the chamber 11 through the inlet I, passes through
the barrel, into the chamber 15 of the outlet O into the cylinder; at the same
time the exhaust from another cylinder is taking place, and enters the valve casing
through the port O, passes through the passage 13 into the chamber 14 and away
by the exhaust port E all the valves being in equilibrium. When the hand
lever 24 is moved over the reverse action takes place.
Referring to Fig. 5, the valve spindle 1 is furnished with cupleathers and
distance pieces as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 but on the spindle 1"
the cupleather 4 is arranged so that its edge 5" faces in the opposite direction
to the edge 5 of cupleather 4; and the cupleather 4 is arranged so that its
edge 56 faces the edge 5 of the cupleather 4. The spindles 1, 1 are connected
to a crosshead having an eyepiece 28 and are operated in either direction by
means of a hand lever, or other suitable means attached to the eyepiece 28. In
this, arrangement there is one inlet branch 10, two outlet branches 12, 12ª and
one exhaust branch 16.
In Fig. 5, the fluid under pressure enters the port I passes through the
chamber 11, and barrel of the valve and the port O to one cylinder (or to the
front end of a cylinder), the fluid under pressure also passes through a connec-
tion 13 into a chamber 132 and acts on the valves 4" and 4" whilst the exhaust
from another cylinder (or the back end of the same cylinder) enters the port .01
through a connection 13 into the barrel of the valve casing and away by the
exhaust E, all the valves thus being in equilibrium. The reverse action takes
place on the crosshead being moved in the opposite direction.
Referring to Fig. 6 the spindle 1b is secured to the head piece 3 as described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 and has on it seven cupleathers, four of which
(riz 4, 4, 4, 4) with their edges facing in one direction whilst the remaining
three cupleathers 5, 5 and 5 have their edges facing in the reverse direction.
The several cupleathers are maintained in position upon the spindle between its
head 3 and the nut 7 by distance pieces as in the previously described arrange-
ments. The spindle with its valves is operated in either direction by a hand
lever 29 or by other suitable means. The valve casing has one inlet port 10, two
outlet ports 12, 12", and four exhaust ports 16, 16", 16 16°, the exhaust ports
16 16 being in communication with each other, and the exhaust ports 16, 16°
also being in communication with each other. If double acting valves such as
shown in Figs. 5 and 6 are used in connection with water engines or motors
their spindles are operated from the crank shaft of the engine or motor.
In this arrangement the fluid under pressure enters by the inlet port I passes
through the barrel of the valve casing and away by the port either to a single
cylinder, or to the front end of a cylinder, whilst the exhaust from another single
cylinder, or the back end of the same cylinder enters by the port E into a
chamber 14 passes through the barrel of the valve casing and away by the ex-
haust port E. The reverse action takes place, on the spindle being moved in
the opposite direction, the valves always being in equilibrium. As will be
observed, in each of the above described arrangements the valve 4 on each spindle
not only acts so as to balance the pressures acting on the valve, but also serves
to make the joint between the valve spindle and valve casing thereby enabling the
usual gland leathers, or stuffing box and packing to be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A hydraulic valve wherein the spindle is provided with a balancing cup-
leather or the like which serves also to prevent the escape of fluid between tha

page_text: valve spindle and the wall of the aperture in the valve casing through which the
said spindle passes, substantially as described.
2. Hydraulic valves, constructed, arranged and operating substantially as
herein before described with reference to and shown in Figs. I to 4, or modified
according to Figs. 5 or to Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings.
R. E. P. CRAVEN,
Chartered Patent Agent,
King Street Chambers, 52, Wellington Street, Leeds,
Agent for the Applicant.