Improved Pump Apparatus for Forcing Liquids from Vessels for Spraying and other Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 24th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 8th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Pump Apparatus for Forcing Liquids from Vessels for
Spraying and other Purposes.
I, PAUL KÖTHNER of Markgrafenstrasse 29 Berlin in the German Empire
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a construction of air pump for forcing liquid out of a
vessel, more particularly for the purpose of spraying such liquid. According to
my invention I construct such apparatus as follows.
A pump barrel, suitably secured in an air tight manner on the mouth of the
vessel containing the liquid to be forced, and communicating at bottom with such
vessel by a suitable vertical passage, is provided with a piston consisting firstly of
a metal disc fixed to the piston rod, and having one or more small holes near the
centre, secondly a disc of leather or other similar material above the metal disc,
that fits tight against the pump barrel, but which is loose on the piston rod, having
a central hole of sufficient size to leave the same hole or holes of the metal disc
uncovered; thirdly a second metal disc above the leather disc, also loose on the
piston rod. The latter passes up through a hole in the upper closed end of the
pump barrel.
The beforementioned passage at the lower end of the pump barrel is closed by
a valve consisting by preference of a disc of wire gauze on which is a loose disc of
celluloid.
Below this valve the passage has a lateral nozzle to which is fixed the
bent upper end of a tube passing down into the liquid in the vessel.
The action of this apparatus is as follows. On moving the pump piston upwards
by a button attached to the outer end of the piston rod, the air on the upper side
of the piston finds its way to the space in the barrel under the piston through the
before mentioned small holes in the bottom disc thereof; at the same time the
celluloid disc of the valve rises from the wire gauze seat owing to the suction
produced by the piston, leaving the wire gauze free for the passage of air.
On the downward motion of the piston, the air below the same is compressed
and, finding its way round the celluloid disc and through the wire gauze into the
vessel, exercises a pressure upon the liquid which forces this up through the tube
and out through the nozzle, either in the form of spray or as a jet, according to the
form of nozzle employed.
Dated this 26th day of May 1892.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Pump Apparatus for Forcing Liquids from Vessels for
Spraying and other Purposes.
I, PAUL KÖTHNER of Markgrafenstrasse 29 Berlin in the German Empire,
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a construction of air pump for forcing liquid out of a
vessel, more particularly for the purpose of spraying such liquid. According to my
invention I construct such apparatus as follows:
A pump barrel suitably secured in an air-tight manner on the mouth of the
Price 871

page_text: vessel containing the liquid to be forced, and communicating at bottom with such
vessel by a suitable vertical passage, is provided with a piston consisting firstly of
a metal disc fixed to the piston rod, and having one or more small holes near the
centre, secondly a disc of leather or other similar material above the metal disc,
that fits tight against the pump barrel, but which is loose on the piston rod, having
a central hole of sufficient size to leave the said hole or holes of the metal disc
uncovered; thirdly a second metal disc above the leather disc, also loose on the
piston rod.
The latter passes up through a hole in the upper closed' end of the
The before mentioned passage at the lower end of the pump barrel is closed by
a valve consisting by preference of a disc of wire gauze on which is a loose disc of
celluloid.
Below this valve the passage has a lateral nozzle to which is fixed the
bent upper end of a tube passing down into the liquid in the vessel.
pump barrel.
I will describe the said improved construction of pump with reference to the
accompanying drawing which shews the same as applied to a spraying apparatus
for scents and the like.
Fig. 1 shews a vertical section, Figs. 2 and 3 shew detached details.
A is the air pump, B is the vessel containing the liquid. The air pump consists
of a barrel a in which is a piston that is moved up and down by means of the
piston rod c. The piston consists of two discs d and e, shewn separately in plan
at Fig. 2, and a leather or other packing disc f placed between d and e. The disc d
lies upon and this rests loose upon the disc e which is fixed to the piston rod.
The piston rode passes with some play through the discs d and f. The disc e has,
close to the piston rod, one or more small holes. This arrangement of the parts d.f
and e enables the air above the piston to pass underneath the same by flowing
along the piston rod through disc d or between d and f, and then again along the
piston rod through disc f and through the holes in disc e.
The pump barrel is closed at top by a cap a through which the piston rod passes
with some play. The piston rod has on its outer end a button, crosshead or the
like for working the piston by hand. The pump barrel is closed at bottom and
has a valve i of any suitable construction which allows the air to pass to or from
the vessel B through the tube k. In the arrangement shown at Fig. 3. the valve
consists of a fine wire gauze diaphragm and a disc 2 of celluloid or other suitable
material resting free upon ¹. On the upstroke of the piston a partial vacuum
being formed below the same owing to the restricted passage allowed for the air
above it, the air will be drawn up out of k and B and will force the disc upward
so as to leave the diaphragm entirely free for the passage of air. On the down-
stroke of the piston, the air forces the disc 2 against the diaphragm and then passes
round and underneath the disc 2 through the diaphragm into the tube k. Below
the bottom of the pump barrel is a nozzle with small orifice, communicating with
the vessel B. On the downstroke of the piston the liquid in the vessel is forced
by the air pressure up the air tube m into the nozzle, where, in meeting with a
portion of the compressed air issuing through the nozzle, the ejected liquid is
converted into spray.
The pump is provided at bottom with a suitable arrangement, such as a second
bottom with attached plug n, or a screw thread, by means of which it can be fixed
air tight upon the vessel B.
The action of this apparatus is as follows: Assuming the vessel B to be more or
less filled with liquid, then on moving the pump piston 6 upwards by the button
attached to the outer end of the piston rod, the air on the upper side of the piston
finds its way to the space in the barrel under the piston through the before
mentioned small holes in the bottom disc thereof; at the same time the celluloid
disc of the valve rises from the wire gauze seat owing to the suction.produced by
the piston, leaving the wire gauze free for the passage of air.
On the downward motion of the piston, the air below the same is compressed
and, finding its way round the celluloid disc and through the wire gauze,into the
vessel, exercises a pressure upon the liquid which forces this up through the tube

page_text: and out through the nozzle! either in the form of spray or as a jet, according to
the form of nozzle employed.
When the piston is at rest, the air pressure will become equalised above and
below the piston, no matter what position the piston may be in, so that in every
position a quick downward pressure exerted on the piston will effect a compression
of the air in the vessel B and consequently the forcing of the liquid therefrom.
The air pump, as also the vessel B may be made of any suitable form and
material, and the apparatus may be employed for forcing any kind of liquid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is:
An air pump for forcing liquid out of a receptacle wherein the piston is formed
with one or more openings for allowing the external air to pass from above the
piston to below the same, substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of February 1893.
ABEL & IMRAT,
Agents for the Applicant.