IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PORTLAND AND OTHER CEMENTS
Year: 1871

page_text: of
LETTERS PATENT to Henry Reid, of Herne Bay, in the County
Kent, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PORTLAND AND OTHER CEMENTS."
Sealed the 18th June 1872, and dated the 19th December 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Reid at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th December 1871.
I, HENRY REID, of Herne Bay, in the County of Kent, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PORTLAND AND OTHER CEMENTS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is the manufacture of Portland and
other cements from the waste or ashes produced in the manufacture of
lime from the carboniferous or other limestones, which I take in.
the proportion of about sixty per cent., and add thereto from fifteen
i

page_text: to twenty per cent. of shales containing alumina and silica and a small
quantity of soda and oxide of iron; these I mix together in a mortar
mill having a finely perforated bottom, through which the mixed
materials will pass in a finely ground or powdered state. The powder
so produced by means of an ordinary pug mill or brick machine is then
formed into blocks of any suitable shape, which after being thoroughly
dried or dessicated by burning in a suitable kiln at a temperature of
about 3,000 degrees Farenheit, and then allowed to cool sufficiently,
are again ground by the agency of crushers and horizontal millstones to
a powder, which will contain all the properties of Portland cement.
the 19th June 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
REID,, of Herne Bay, in the County of Kent, Civil Engineer, send
greeting;
"
.
'
i
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day, of December; in the year-
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Reid, Her special licence
that I the said Henry Reid, my executors, administrators; and
assigns; or such others as I, the said Henry, Reid, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
~FACTURE OF PORTLAND AND OTHER CEMENTS," upon, the condition. (amongst
others) that I the said Henry Reid, my executors, or, administrators;
by an instrument, in writing, under, my, or their; or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describes and, ascertain, the nature
t.

page_text: of, the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Reid, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is the manufacture of Portland and
other cements from the waste or ashes produced in the manufacture of
lime from the carboniferous or other limestones, which I take in the
proportion of about sixty per cent., and add thereto from fifteen to
twenty per cent. of shales, containing alumina and silica, and a small
quantity of soda and oxide of iron; these I mix together in a morter
mill having a finely perforated bottom through which the mixed
material will pass in a finely ground or powdered state. Or I mix
together in the manner above described from thirty to seventy per cent.
of the waste or ashes herein-before mentioned, dried at a temperature
of 500 degrees Farenheit, with from seventy to thirty per cent. of shales,
containing variable proportions of alumina and silica, carbonate of lime,
magnesia, and oxide of iron before or after calcination. The powder so
produced by means of an ordinary pug mill or brick machine is then
formed into blocks of any suitable shape, which after being thoroughly
dried or desiccated by burning in a suitable kiln at a temperature of
about 3,000 degrees Farenheit, and then allowed to cool sufficiently,
are again ground by the agency of crushers and horizontal millstones
to a powder, which will contain all the properties of and can be used as
Portland and other kinds of cement.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
my said Invention, together with the best methods with which I am
acquainted for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be.
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details; relative
proportions herein-before described, as the same may be varied without
departing from the Invention; but what I claim is, the combination

page_text: of lime waste or ashes with shales, containing alumina and silica, to
produce Portland and other cements as herein-before described."
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Reid, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
บ
Witness, ..:
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Agent,
71, Market Street,
Manchester.
HENRY REID?··(L.S.)