AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF IRON
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Hargrove, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Hargrove at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th June 1854.
I, CHARLES HARGROVE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF IRON
to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to such kinds of iron as are employed for making
castings, which said castings, by being annealed or heated in contact with the
iron ore called hæmatite, become soft or malleable. It is only cast iron made
from particular kinds of ore which is capable of being thus annealed or made
malleable.
My Invention consists in the more economical production of the said cast
iron capable of being annealed. I effect this by the use of wrought iron scrap
or cuttings, which I either introduce into the said cast iron after the same has
been smelted, or which I introduce into the smelting furnace in which the said
cast iron is reduced from hematite or other ore producing it, the said wrought
iron, when introduced into the said cast iron either during or after the reduc-

page_text: tion of the said cast iron, acquiring the property of the said cast iron, that is
to say, becoming so fusible as to be readily cast, and capable of annealing or
becoming malleable, by being heated with hæmatite.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Hargrove in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th December 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HARGROVE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Hargrove, Her special licence that 1, the said Charles Hargrove,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Charles Hargrove, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN KINDS OF IRON," upon the
condition (amongst others) that 1, the said Charles Hargrove, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Hargrove, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say) :-
My said Invention relates to such kinds of iron as are commonly called in
commerce malleable iron, that is to say, such kinds of cast iron as after having
been cast are capable of being made malleable or annealed, by being heated in
contact with the iron ore called hæmatite. It is only cast iron made from

page_text: particular kinds of ore which is capable of being thus annealed or made
malleable.
My Invention consists in the more economical production of the said cast
iron capable of being annealed. I effect this by the use of wrought iron scrap
or cuttings, or wrought iron in any other suitable form, which, by being added
to the said cast iron capable of being annealed, becomes itself capable of being
cast and annealed in a similar manner. I introduce the said wrought iron
into the said cast iron after the ore producing the latter has been smelted; or
I introduce the wrought iron into the smelting furnace in which the said cast
iron is smelted or reduced from the ore, and I prefer the last-described method
of carrying my Invention into effect. A quantity of wrought iron, equal to
about three times the quantity of the cast iron, may be mixed with the said
cast iron. The said wrought iron, when introduced into the said cast iron,
acquires the property of the said cast iron, that is to say, becomes so fusible as
to be readily cast, and capable of being annealed or made malleable by being
treated with hæmatite.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise method herein described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my said Invention.
I claim as my Invention, manufacturing or producing malleable iron, or cast
iron capable of being annealed or rendered malleable, by adding wrought iron
to the ordinary malleable iron, either during or after the smelting of the same,
as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Hargrove, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
CHARLES HARGROVE. (L.S.)