IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR LUBRICATING PARTS OF MACHINERY, AND FOR OTHER LUBRICATING PURPOSES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil, of 12, Rue aux Loups,
Sotteville-les-Rouen, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR LUBRICATING PARTS OF MACHINERY, AND
FOR OTHER LUBRICATING PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd July 1861.
I, NICOLAS ETIENNE DUMESNIL, of 12, Rue aux Loups, Sotteville-les-Rouen,
in the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR LUBRICATING PARTS OF MACHINERY, AND FOR
OTHER LUBRICATING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the use of a mucilage composed of or prepared
from vegetable or animal matter in the alkali and water usually employed
with the body of fatty matter.
In the manufacture of lubricating material, the fatty matter is usually pre-
pared by means of alkalis and water alone. Now, under my Invention, the
water is previously mixed with a mucilage composed of or prepared from vege-
table or animal matter, and then the body of fatty matter is treated in the
usual manner with the mixture of mucilage, alkali, and water.

page_text: For a mucilage prepared from vegetable matter, I prefer to use the plant
"fucus crispus," but other plants may be used. When this plant is used,
the mucilage is prepared by submitting to the action of heat about two or
three parts of the plant to 100 parts of water, but the proportion will be varied
according to the quality of the plant, and the season when it is used. The
decoction is then passed through a sieve in order to retain the thicker mucila-
genous portions thereof. When other plants are used, such as lichens, marsh
mallows, flax seeds, or gums or animal matter, the mode of preparation
would be modified to suit the material operated upon.
For some purposes, the mucilage alone without any admixture or incor-
poration with fatty matter might be used as a lubricating material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NICOLAS
ETIENNE DUMESNIL, of 12, Rue aux Loups, Sottesville-les-Rouen, in the
Empire of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil, Her special license that I, the said
Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR LUBRICATING PARTS OF MACHI-
NERY, AND FOR OTHER LUBRICATING PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in Materials for Lubricating Parts of
Machinery, and for other Lubricating Purposes," consists in the use of a
mucilage composed of or prepared from vegetable or animal matter in the
water usually employed with alkali in the treatment of the body of fatty
inatter.
In the manufacture of lubricating material, the fatty matter is usually
treated by means of alkalis and water alone. Now, under my Invention, the
water has previously mixed with it a mucilage composed of or prepared from
vegetable or animal matter, and then the body of fatty matter is treated in the
usual manner with the mixture of mucilage, alkali, and water. The object of
thus using a mucilage is to produce economy in the manufacture, and also to
facilitate the incorporation of the alkalis with the fatty matters.
The mucilage which I prefer to use is that produced from the substance
of the plant "fucus crispus," but a mucilage produced from other vegetable or
animal substances may also be used, the object being either to increase the
useful effect, or to substitute for a portion of the body of fatty matter another
body or substance more economical in price, and possessing in some degree
lubricating and refrigerating properties, such as that of gums, gelatines, or
other matters from which a mucilage may be produced either naturally or by
preparation.
When the mucilage is produced from the plant "fucus crispus," about two
or three parts of the substance of the plant are put into one hundred parts of
water, the proportion varying with the richness or mucilaginous quality of the
plant, and also with the season when the plant is treated. This is boiled for
about two or three hours, and then the decoction is passed through a sieve in
order to retain the thicker mucilaginous portions thereof extracted by this
process.
When other plants are used for the purpose, such as lichens, marsh mal-
lows, flax seeds, and similar vegetable matters or gums, the above-named
mode of preparing the mucilage will be necessarily varied to suit the particular
material under treatment (that is to say) the extraction of the mucilaginous
portion may be effected by means of a quicker or a slower fire, or even by
merely dissolving or macerating the material without heat.
Also, if animal matters be used, it will be necessary to adapt the process of
reducing them to mucilage to their particular nature, unless they can be used

page_text: in their natural state, as would be the case with the waste materials in the
manufacture of glue.
Whatever kind of mucilage be employed, carbonate of soda or potash is
added until the liquid has the alkaline and caustic quality, which is imparted
to the water used in the ordinary mode of manufacturing cart grease, which
manufacture is completed by the ordinary process after the materials have
been prepared in the manner above described. The proportions of the muci-
lage intended to replace the water treated with alkali in the composition of
cart grease will be necessarily varied according to the quality of the article
required to be produced. Moreover, the various kinds of mucilage possess a
lubricating property, such as for some uses would render them fit to be used
alone without being mixed with any body of fatty matter; in such case they
might be employed either in the state of a liquid or of a paste, or a jelly
obtained by concentration, or by the addition of a neutral body.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as of my
Invention is,
First, the previous admixture of a mucilage composed of or prepared from
vegetable or animal matter, with the alkali and water ordinarily used with
the body of fatty matter as herein-before described.
And, secondly, the use of the mucilage with the alkali and water, without
the fatty matter as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nicolas Etienne Dumesnil have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
T
-אמ-זת
E. DUMEONIL
(L.S.)