Improvements in Double Acting Compression Gas Engines or Oil Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Feb., .1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Double Acting Compression Gas Engines or
Oil Engines.
I, PARIS EUGENE SINGER of 19 Kensington Court, London, Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:―
The object of this invention is to produce a double acting compression gas engine
without a piston rod passing through the centre of one of the combustion chambers.
In order to attain this, I leave a slot on either side. of the cylinder. through
which projections from the piston pass and these slots are long enough to allow the
piston to move backwards and forwards its full stroke. To the projections of the
piston are attached the rods connecting it to its crank. The slots in the cylinder.
are closed as regards the combustion chambers by sleeves or shells fixed on
either side of the piston and forming part of it. These sleeves move with. the
piston but never uncover the slots in the cylinder. The cylinder, ends. or covers
extend inwards a given distance so as only to leave the proper space for the
compressed charges, the stroke and the thickness of the piston. These projections
of the covers approximately fit the piston sleeves and have packing rings, on them.
By this means an annular space is left between the cylinder and the cylinder
cover for the piston sleeves to bury themselves in. When compression. is not
desired in the combustion chamber, I thicken the extremities of the piston sleeves
and use the annular spaces before mentioned as pump barrels, the necessary valves
being added and the piston sleeves as plungers to compress the charge. In this
engine, all the ports may be placed in the water jacketed cover or they may
be on the side of the cylinder leading into the compression space. In this case
holes would be left in the piston sleeves so as not to obstruct the action of the ports.
When the piston is formed to overheat, it may be constructed with two holes..
corresponding to ports in the cylinder and steam or water spray, forced through.
This steam is conveniently generated by the heat of the exhaust gases and can
also be used, to keep the cylinder at a proper température, instead of water.
This engine is suited for launches using compressed gas in cylinders or oils, or in.
ships where the gas is made direct for.it; and also as a locomotive.
Dated this 7th day of March 1894.
P. E. SINGER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Double Acting Compression Gas Engines or
Oil Engines.
1 PARIS EUGENE SINGER, 19 Kensington Court, London, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
The object of this invention is to produce a double-acting compression gas engine.
without a piston rod. passing through the centre of one of the combustion
chambers, the disadvantage of the use of which is, the overheating of the piston rod;
or (as a remedy therefor the undue cooling of the ignited gases.
As a substitute for the ordinary piston rcd and stuffing box,. I form radial
D... 071

page_text: projections from the periphery of the piston, to connect, through rods, with the
crank shaft, and to receive these radial projections, I form, in opposite sides of
the cylinder, longitudinal slots, which are made long enough to allow the piston to
move backwards and forwards its full stroke. The slots in the cylinder are closed,
as regards the combustion chambers, by a sleeve, or its equivalent, fixed to, or
forming part of, the piston.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 shews in longitudinal section, and
Fig. 2 in transverse section, so much of a gas engine as will serve to explain the
nature of my invention, as embodied in its most simple form.
In these figures, A is a water jacketted cylinder, formed with longitudinal slots a.
B is the piston, and its radial projections, which slide in the longitudinal slots a,
and have fitted to their ends, rods C, which connect with the crank shaft, not
shewn in the drawing. DD are water-jacketted sunk covers of the cylinder A,
and forming with the cylinder annular chambers for the admission of the ends of
the traversing sleeve E, which is connected with, or forms part of, the piston B.
Fitted to the covers D, are packing rings, which form air-tight joints with the
sleeve, and thus provide combustion chambers, 1. 2, on opposite sides of the
piston.
By reference to Fig. 2, it will be seen, that walls are made around the
longitudinal slots a, for the purpose of ensuring close contact and an air tight joint
between the sleeve E and the cylinder A, at those parts. The mixed explosive
gases are admitted to the combustion chambers most conveniently through the
cylinder covers D, which are provided with openings in communication with
the supply compression chamber, and other openings for the discharge of the spent
gases.
The depth of the annular spaces formed between the cylinder ends and the sunk
heads of the cylinders, is such as will leave the proper space for the stroke of the
piston-sleeve, and consequently of the piston, which depth determines the space
for receiving the compressed charges at the opposite ends of the cylinder. In this
engine, all the ports may be placed in the water-jacketted covers, as above
indicated, or in the side of the cylinder leading into the compression space; in the
latter case, suitable holes would be made in the piston sleeve, so as not to obstruct
the action of the ports.
Fig. 3 shews in longitudinal section, and
Fig. 4 in transverse section, a modification of my improved gas engine, in which
the explosive gases supplied to the engine are compressed in the 'cylinder, before
entering the combustion chambers.
In this arrangement, the annular spaces formed between the sunk covers and
the cylinder, are of such width as to form compressing chambers 3, 4, and permit
of annular pistons working therein. These pistons are formed on the extremities
of the sleeve E, as shewn at e. The mixed gases to be compressed are admitted to
the chambers 3, 4, through openings made in the flanges of the covers and in the
sides of the cylinder, and other openings for the discharge of the gases are
brought into communication with the combustion chambers, 12, suitable valves
being provided for regulating the supply and discharge of the same. The corre-
sponding letters of reference in Figs. 3 and 4, and Figs. 1 and 2, indicate the
like parts, and the description of such parts need not therefore be repeated.
Fig. 5 shews in longitudinal section, and
.
Fig. 6 in transverse section, a further modification of my improved engine, in
which the sleeve E, attached to, or forming part of, the piston B, is replaced by a
pair of sliding rods E*, E*, which work in longitudinal recesses made to receive
them in the walls of the cylinder, and act, like the sleeve, to close the longitudinal
openings a of the cylinder A, through which the radial projections of the piston
extend, to receive the connecting rods C. These rods, it will be understood,
are firmly attached to the piston B. In other respects, this engine is precisely like
that shewu at Figs. 1 and 2.

page_text: Should the piston of my engine be found to over-heat, it may be constructed
hollow, with two holes corresponding to ports in the cylinder, and steam or water
spray may be forced through the same.
The steam may be conveniently generated
by the heat of the exhaust gases, and can be used to keep the cylinder at a
proper temperature, instead of water.
My improved gas engine is intended for launches using compressed gas or oil
vapour, or in ships where the gas may be made purposely to supply it.
be used as a road engine.
It may also
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The construction of double-acting compression gas engines as above described,
whereby the use of a piston rod passing through the combustion chambers is
avoided, and, in lieu thereof, the connection of the piston with the crank shaft
is effected by lateral projections on the piston extending through longitudinal slots
formed in the walls of the cylinder, and carrying rods which couple the piston to
the crank shaft.
Dated this 9th day of Lennan 100%
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.