IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Thomas Blundell and James Walter Blundell, of
•
Limehouse, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers and Coppersmiths, and
Frederick Holmes, of Victoria Park, in the said County, Engineer, for the
Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS."
Sealed the 27th April 1877, in pursuance of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, and
dated the 27th September 1876.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Thomas Blundell, James
Walter Blundell, and Frederick Holmes at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 27th September 1876.
GEORGE THOMAS BLUNDELL, and JAMES WALTER BLUNDELL, of Limehouse, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineers and Coppersmiths, and FREDERICK HOLMES,
of Victoria Park, in the said County, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS."
I. This Invention consists in employing three or more pistons working in one pump
barrel, which pistons are so worked or operated as to alternately approach and
recede from each other by means of two cranks working two cross heads or con-
necting rods which are attached to the pistons. The valves are so arranged that
the water can gain access to the spaces between the pistons by. channels outsido the
pump barrel,
The pump head may be fixed or may be so arranged as to form or
act as a delivery valve, or in some cases we may dispense with it entirely.
II. The delivery from the second piston may in some cases be so arranged as to
discharge through the top piston by means of a trunk piston rod closed with a
valve.
III. This Invention also applies to bilge or other pumps having one piston and
double action, the pump head or cover being so arranged as to act as a delivery
valve for the up stroke, and the delivery water for the down stroke will be
discharged through a hollow piston rod or trunk surmounted with a valve.
IV. The Invention may also be applied to pumps having two pistons with a
quadruple action. In this case fixed covers may be employed, and four valves in
two chambers are required instead of eight valves in four chambers, as is usual in
other pumps hitherto employed for similar purposes, or the covers may be loose, when
they will act as delivery valves.
V. In order that the nature of our said Invention and the means by which the

page_text: same is effected may be particularly described and ascertained, this Specification is
accompanied by two Sheets of Drawings numbered respectively I. and II., and in
those Drawings figures and letters of reference will be found, the like letter being
used to denote a similar or corresponding part in each Figure.
VI. In these Drawings Figure 1 is a sectional elevation; Figure 2, a sectional
plan of a simple form of pump as constructed according to this Invention and
referred to in section III. It will be seen that the suction chamber is marked A,
the suction valves, 81, 82, the delivery valve d¹, d, the piston P¹. In this form the
pump head or cover can either be loose or may be fixed when a delivery valve will
be required. All the working parts of this arrangement are easily accessible, the
delivery valves by the removal of the cover or pump head, and the suction valves
by means of doors, as shewn at e¹, e². The Drawings will clearly explain the
action.
VII. Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of another form in which our Invention is
applied, in which all the working parts are enclosed by a cover or head which when
used may form the air vessel, as previously noted in section IV. Figure 5 is a plan
view with the cover removed shewing the arrangement, the pump barrels being
side by side, and the pistons P1, P2, being alternately moved upwards and down-
wards by means of the central lever L, as shewn. In this view the relative positions
of the valve ports and delivery valves d', d², will be clearly seen, while in Figure
6, which is a sectional plan at A, B, Figure 4, the position of the suction valves, s¹, s²,
and the doors, e¹, e², are clearly indicated. This arrangement may have loose in-
stead of fixed covers or pump heads, and be provided with suitable guides beneath
for piston rods. Figure 3 is an external elevation of this pump, shewing the
exhaust lever L' and a valve door e¹. When the external lever L' is moved, as
indicated by the arrow, the piston P2, guided by the rods G1, G2, or by other
suitable means, is elevated by the internal lever L through its piston rod, and at
the same time P¹ is depressed. The space thus left beneath P2 and above P¹ will
be filled by means of the valve 8¹ opening through the passages. On the lever L¹
being moved in the opposite direction, the reversed motion of the piston takes
place when the fluid will be discharged from the valve D¹, while at the same time
the space then left above P2 and under P¹ will be filled from the valve & opening.
On the lever L¹ being again moved, as first described, the fluid above P2 and under
P¹ will be discharged through the valve D², and the space under P2 and above P¹ will be
filled as before described. We do not confine ourselves to the enclosing of the
pump rod heads or levers, and in that case provide a separate air vessel, and this
pump may be worked by cranks in the usual way. This portion of our Invention
will be found referred to in that section of this Specification marked IV.
VIII. Figure 7 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 9, an external elevation of
another arrangement of our Invention in which the pistons P1, P2, P3, and P* are
actuated by cross heads H1, H2, cranks c¹, c², through the rods R1, R2. Figure 8 is a
sectional plan of the air vessel. In the action of the arrangements, Figures 7, 8,
and 9, upon the axle L being turned as indicated by the arrows, the crank Č¹ lifts the
pistons P1 and P2 simultaneously by means of the rod R¹, and at the same time the
pistons P3 and P are forced downwards through the rod R2 by the crank C³. The
spaces under P¹, between P2 and P3, and above P*, will be filled by the fluid
lifting valve 82 and through the passages B2 and ports W³, W4, W³. At the
same time the fluid assumed to be between P1 and P3, P2 and P' will be discharged
through ports W¹ and W2 and through the passage B', through valve D, and out of
nozzle Q. Upon the rotation of the axle L being continued the action of the
pistons will be reversed, the like result will follow, the filling and discharging of
the spaces being alternate as the pistons advance and recede from each other, so
that in this arrangement there is an eight-fold action and continuous discharge
ensured within a very compact space, and the parts are all easily accessible. This
arrangement may have if preferred a loose pump head or cover with delivery valve,
as in Figure 1, and referred to in clause I., or it may have a hollow or trunk piston
rod with a valve on its head.

page_text: IX. Figure 10 shews an independent pump, with seven-fold action, without
pump head or cover. It will be seen that its construction and action are very
similar to that last herein described, while it affords greater facilities for access.
✗. Figures 11 and 12 are elevations in section of another pump with eight-fold
action; Figure 13 is a sectional plan showing the arrangement of valve chambers
and passages.
The action of this pump is in all respects similar to that described
with reference to Figures 7, 8, 9. We not confine ourselves to the use of hydraulic
pump leathers or stuffing boxes for the pump rods or axles.
XI. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is carried into practical operation, we
wish it to be clearly understood that what we claim as of our Invention, and
desire to secure, is the construction of the parts of pumps and the arrangement of
their parts in and by the manners described in those sections of this Specification
marked or numbered I., II., III. and IV., illustrated by the Drawings Figures 1 to 13,
and further particularly described with reference to these Drawings in sections VI.,
VII., VIII, IX., X., of this Specification.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Thomas Blundell, James Walter
Blundell, and Frederick Holmes, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Twenty-sixth day of September One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-six.
GEORGE THOMAS BLUNDELL. (L.S.)
JAMES WALTER BLUNDELL.
FREDERICK HOLMES.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)