IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING METALS, METALLIC ALLOYS, OR METALLIC SUBSTANCES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Pashley, of Penistone, in the County of York,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING
METALS, METALLIC ALLOYS, OR METALLIC SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 14th December 1877, and dated the 14th June 1877.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Pashley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1877.
GEORGE PASHLEY, of l'enistone, in the County of York, Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING METALS, METALLIC ALLOYS, OR METALLIC
SUBSTANCES."
My improvements relate to moulds for casting metals, metallic alloys, or metallic
substances, more especially steel and the like substance made by the Bessemer,
Siemens' tank or bath, or any process by which large masses of steel or the like
substance are made, and cast into the form of what are known as "ingots."
My improvements consist in forming the mould of three or more parts, whereby
the said mould can be taken in pieces when the "ingot" has been cast, and the said
ingot" be thus released from the said "mould."
The principal parts of my improved mould are the lining, in two or more pieces,
and the casing, in one or more parts; the lining being made tight to prevent
leakage, by cotters, cotter bolts, or the like passing through the said case, and
pressing on or bringing together the parts of the lining, and thus prevent leakage
when the mould is being filled or partly filled with molten metallic substance.
The parts of the lining may have plain joints, or be "tongued and grooved" or
otherwise ribbed and recessed at the joints, and may be planed or otherwise made
smooth, or may be used as cast, and the sides of the said lining may be smooth or
have ribs or projections, which said ribs or projections would bear against the
inside of the casing.
The parts of the lining may have a flange at one end, and also a loop, lug, or
other device, for the purpose of facilitating the lifting of the said parts.
The inside surface of the parts of the lining may be plain and straight or recessed

page_text: or projecting, so as to cast any required form of ingot, but my improved mould will
doubtless be most used for parallel ingots of square, polygonal, or round forms.
The casing or case of my improved mould may be made in one or more parts, but
so made that when the lining is inside it, cotters, cotter bolts, or the like can be
driven into or through it for the purpose of binding the parts of the lining together,
and thus forming a complete mould which will not leak at the joints.
The casing may be made with holes in any or all of its sides, or through it in
such a manner as to allow air or water to pass or be passed through the said casing
for the purpose of cooling the lining, and the said lining may have projections at
one or both ends for the purpose of raising it clear of the ground or other base on
which it may be standing, and the lining of the said mould may be made of a
length to correspond or be level with the end of the said projection on the said
casing, when the said lining and case are fitted together.
The mode which I at prosent propose to adopt in carrying my improvements into
effect is to construct a case in one piece, the said case having recesses or holes for
three cotters, or cotter bolts, and being formed with holes to admit water or air to
the lining, the said lining I propose to make in two parts, having planed or rough
joints, but so made and fitted as, that when bound or pressed together by three
cotters passing through one of the corners (in a square or angular case) of the case,
the said lining will hold the molten metallic substances and not leak, the lining will
be flanged at one end, and thus ledge or rest on the case.
The casing or case and the lining may be constructed of cast iron or any suitable
metal or metallic alloy or other suitable material, and the cotters, cotter bolts, or
the like may be constructed of wrought iron, steel, or any suitable material.
My improvements in moulds can be carried into effect as well for single moulds
to cast one ingot as those grouped together for casting two or more ingots at onc
time.
A mould constructed as above specified has been tested for me experimentally,
and found to answer well in practical use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Pashley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th December
-1877:
GEORGE PASHLEY, of Penistone, in the County of York, Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MOULDS FOR CASTING METALS, METALLIC ALLOYS, OR METALLIC
SUBSTANCES."
My improvements in moulds for casting parallel ingots, and ingots or blocks of
irregular and other forms, consist in the employment of a case made in one or
more parts, and a lining in two or more parts, the joints of the lining being brought
together and made tight by means of cotters, cotter bolts, or the like, passing
through the said case, and pressing on the said lining and the said case to bring
together the parts of the lining to make a secure joint that will not leak when the
mould is being filled or partly filled with molten metal.
The faces of the lining joints can be plain, or be tongued and grooved, or
otherwise ribbed and recessed, so as when pressed together a secure joint will be
formed.
1. The external surfaces of the lining next to the casing can be ribbed or be plain,

page_text: The lining can be flanged at its upper end to rest on the case, or it
plain.
may be
The case can be made with holes in any or all of its sides, so that air or water
can be admitted to the lining to cool it.
The case and the lining can be constructed of cast iron or any other suitable
material, and the cotters or the like can be constructed of wrought iron, steel, or
other suitable inaterial.
My improvements in moulds as herein specified can be carried into effect as well
for single moulds as those grouped together to cast more than one ingot or block at
the same time.
By varying the shape or configuration of the internal surfaces of the lining of
my improved mould ingots or blocks can be cast of any desired irregular form.
The accompanying Drawings show my improvements as applied to a single mould
for casting a parallel ingot.
Figure 1 shows an outside elevation of a complete ingot mould, in which F is the
case; H, H, the lining; K, K, K, the cotters; and 0, 0, 0, the holes to admit air
or water to cool the lining.
Figure 2 shows a plan of a complete mould, in which F is the case; H, H, the
lining; and K, one of the cotters.
Figure 3 shows a sectional elevation (through the line A, B,) of a complete mould,
in which F is the case; H, H, the lining; and K, K, K, the cotters.
Figure 4 shows a transverse section of a mould without the cotter, in which F is
the case, and F, H, the lining.
Figure 5 shows a plan of the under side of a complete mould, in which F is the
case; H, H, the lining; and K, one of the cotters.
Having now declared the nature of my said Invention, and having particularly
described and ascertained in what manner the same is to be, or can be, carried into
effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details
or relative proportions set forth in the accompanying Drawings, as the same may be
varied without departing from the principle of my Invention, but what I claim as
novel and original, and as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, a mould constructed substantially as herein specified,
described, and drawn, in which parallel, taper, or irregular shaped ingots or blocks
(of steel or other metal) can be cast, and from which they can readily be with-
drawn.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Pashley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
GEORGE PASHLEY. (L.S.)
E. EDWARDS HEWETT,
Consulting Engineer,
High Court, High Street,
Sheffield,
and London Agent for the said George Pashley.