Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 24th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 27th Jan., 1888
JOSEPH HENRY FINGLAND No. 2 Ash Street Keighley Draughtsman do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object, the construction of a wheel gearing to give power
for hill climbing, and increased speed for level ground if required; the before
mentioned being under the control of the rider.
In carrying out my invention I use a differential motion obtained by using compound
bevel wheels and so arranging them that the proportion of speed is increased but
not doubled as would be the case in Cooper's invention of 23 Sept. 1884.-No. 12696.
The compound bevel wheels are also arranged to obtain power but not to such an
extent as would be in using a worm and wheel-as mentioned in-Charles Kingston
At the same time doing away
Welch's specification dated 23 April 1884-No. 6715.
with the amount of friction so objectionable in using a worm and wheel.
To obtain this motion I use compound bevel wheeis, a sectional drawing and
explanation of which follows below.
The mitre bevel wheel. A. is held stationary by means of the steel pin. B. and the
key C. to the hub or bracket D which is for the support of the treadle shaft E and
the gearing FF" G.
The tredle shaft E is fitted with a steel pin. H. on which run loose two small hevel
wheels F F counter-balanced by the weight I on the other end of the steel pin H.
When the treadle shaft E is made to revolve by means of the treadles J¹ J" it
carries with it the steel pin H. together with the bevel wheels "F" which in
revolving round the fixed bevel wheel. A. gives motion to the large bevel wheel. G,
and the chain wheel. K. which is keyed on to the boss of the bevel wheel G. through
the bevel wheels F F thus the chain wheel. K. and the large bevel wheel. G. is
made to revolve at an increased speed; but not double the speed as would be the case
in Cooper's invention of 23rd Sept. 1884, No. 12696.
To obtain my increased power for hill climbing I use a small lever. L. which when
pulled by means of a rod. M. or any other well known means, and carried within easy
reach of the rider to pull the small bevel wheel. A. out of gear with the other bevel

page_text: wheel F and at the same time the sliding key. N. carried on the treadle shaft E and
having a projection on the end next to the bevel wheel. A. and running in a circular
groove. O. which is cut in in the bevel wheel A. which actuates the key. N. by the
movement of the steel pin. B, and the lever. L. and rod. M. forward until it comes in
contact with the teeth of the bevel wheel. F1 and thus stops the bevel wheel
wheels FF from revolving. The bevel wheels. F1 F being locked act on the
large bevel wheel. G. as a rigid lever cause the chain wheel. K. to revolve at the same
speed as the rider works the treadles J J"
When the rod. M. and lever is released the spring. P. forces the bevel wheel. A.
in gear with the hevel wheel. F at the same time the sliding key. N. is forced back
from: the bevel wheel. F. and being thus released the speed of the large bevel wheel. G.
and chain wheel. K. become accelerated again. Thus doing away with the amount of
friction so objectionable when using a worm and worm wheel as mentioned in Charles
Kingston Welch's specification dated 23rd April 1884. No. 6715.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Differential Speed Gear of Bicycles and Tricycles.
I, JOSEPH HENRY FINGLAND, of 2 Ash Street Keighley, Yorkshire do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to apply and combine with bicycles and tricycles a
new or improved differential gearing for the purpose of increasing or diminishing the
power of bicycles and tricycles, specially useful for travelling uphill also for giving
increased speed to bicycles and tricycles when travelling upon level ground, such
differential gearing being under the control of the person riding upon the machine.
In carrying out my invention I place a mitre bevel wheel loosely upon the treadle
shaft, which said mitre wheel does not revolve, but is held stationary upon the treadle
shaft by being attached to the boss of a bracket which supports the treadle shaft, or
by other suitable means. This bevel mitre wheel is capable of being slided end wise
upon its shaft so as to take into gear with a bevel wheel placed loosely upon a stud
passing through the treadle shaft and at right angles thereto, so that as the treadle
shaft revolves, the bevel wheel on the cross shaft is made to revolve around the
stationary mitre wheel, which communicates rotary motion to a larger bevel wheel
attached to a chain wheel, both placed loosely upon the treadle shaft, whereby rotary
motion is given to the chain wheel, and consequently to the chain passing around it, so
that the machine is made to travel along.

page_text: In order that my invention may be better understood, I herein give reference to the
accompanying sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, wherein Fig. 1 is a section of
my improved arrangement of differential gearing, and Fig. 2 is end view thereof.
A is the treadle shaft: Band C are the treadles fastened thereon supported and carried
by the bracket or framework D, which is attached to the usual backbone of the
machine as will be well understood. Upon the shaft A1 place loosely a mitre bevel
wheel E prevented from revolving by incans of the pins a, one end of which are
fastened to the mitre wheel, whilst the other ends thereof enter holes made in the hub
or boss of the bracket T so that whilst this wheel does not rotate, it is capable of
sliding endwise upon the shaft A for purposes hereinafter explained.
Through the shaft A I place a steel pin G, made fast therein and provided with two
small bevel wheels H and I which run loosely upon the said steel pin, and on the
opposite end of the said steel pin I place a counterbalanced weight. J for the purpose
of equalizing the weight as the parts revolve. On the treadle shaft A I also place
loosely a larger bevel wheel K on the boss of which is fastened by any suitable means a
driving chain wheel L. On the treadle shaft is also placed a key M, the right hand
end of which is made with a projection for entering an annular groove c formed
within the mitre bevel wheel E so that when this bevel wheel is made to slide upon its
shaft, the key M also slides thereon, the object being to draw the inclined end d of
key M either in or out of gear with the teeth of the bevel wheel I whereby such bevel
wheel is either free to rotate, revolve with the treadle shaft or is held rigid by the
inclined end of the said key. The bracket D carries a stud e on which is hinged a
lever, the lower end thereof carrying a steel pin g, one end of which is attached to
the mitre wheel E so that through the intervention of the lever f. bell crank lever i,
and vertical rod, the person riding the machine can slide the mitre wheel E either in
or out of gear with the bevel wheel I according to requirements.
The modus operandi is as follows:-
If the rider of the machine is travelling upon level ground and requires speed, the
handle j is lowered, which operates the bell crank levers in such manner as to force
the lever into the position shewn in the drawings thereby throwing the mitre
wheel E into gear with the bevel wheel 1, consequently as the treadle shaft causes the
bevel wheel 1 to revolve, it is rolled around and in gear with the mitre wheel, so that
the said wheel is made to rotate upon the steel pin or stud G, and as the upper bevel
wheel H is attached to the lower one, it is also inade to rotate and to take with it or
drive the larger bevel wheel K, and as the chain wheel is attached to the boss of
the wheel K, it is also made to revolve consequently the chain which is passing over
wheel is made to travel and at a faster speed than the treadle shaft, so that for one
revolution of the treadle shaft I get about one and a half revolutions of the
chain wheel, and thus the speed of the machine is considerably accelerated; but if
the person riding the machine is ascending a hill, and requires power, he lifts up the
handle which reverses the position of the parts i and as shewn in dotted lines
pulling the mitre wheel out of gear with the bevel wheel I and inserting the end of
key M into the teeth of wheel I consequently the series of bevel wheels would remain
inoperative, but the key which revolves with the shaft A would drive or cause the
three wheels I, H and K to roll with the shaft A therefore the chain wheel would be
operated by the treadle shaft, consequently it revolves at the same speed as the treadle
shaft, but the rider gets increased power thereby.
The object of the sliding key M is two-fold, in the first place, when the rider of the
machine is requiring power for uphill work the hand lever is pulled in such a manner
as to disengage the mitre wheel E from the bevel wheel I and to throw the inclined
end d of the sliding key into gear with the teeth of the bevel wheel I, in which case
the rotary motion of the treadles would cause the wheel I to revolve or roll over with
the shaft A in consequence of the key d having hold of the teeth of wheel I. If
however, the rider is descending a hill and wishes to rest but still keep his feet upon
the treadle, then the key d is not drawn into gear with the teeth of the bevel wheel I,
but remains clear of it, as shewn in dotted lines, at the same time the wheel E is clear
of wheel I consequently the bevel wheel I is neither in gear with the key d nor with

page_text: the mitre wheel E, therefore the machine would continue to travel, but the treadles
would remain inoperative, on which the rider is resting his feet.
When the mitre wheel E has been thrown into gear with the bevel wheel I it is
necessary that the parts should not become disengaged unless at the will of the rider,
in order therefore to ensure that the wheel E shall not come out of gear with the
wheel I, I employ a toggle jointed lever as shewn in Fig. 3, where it will be seen
that the lever is connected to bell crank lever i by a link 1, so that when locking the
parts the centre ¹ is thrown above centre and 12 whereby the parts would be securly
locked until the rider lifts up the handle J to change it for other purposes.
It will therefore be seen that by combining a differential motion with a bicycle or
tricycle, that at the will of the rider he can have increased speed when required, or he
can reduce the speed and increase the power.
The several wheels are covered by shield N so as to prevent dirt getting onto the
wheels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
Firstly. The combination with a bicycle or tricycle of a differential motion
composed of mitre and bevel wheels substantially as herein described and shewn in the
Drawings.
Secondly. In a bicycle or tricycle the sliding mitre bevel wheel E for engaging or
disengaging with the bevel wheel I arranged substantially as shewn and described.
Thirdly. In combination with a differential motion, of the arrangement of levers
and rods whereby the rider of the machine can automatically change the speed and
power of a bicycle or tricycle.
Lastly. In combination with the differential motion, the employment of the sliding
key M for purposes substantially as described.
Dated this 23rd day of December 1887.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.