Improvements in Stoneware and Metal Pipe Joints.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 8th Jan.,
1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoneware and Metal Pipe Joints.
I, JOSEPH HALL, of the Municipal Offices, Cheltenham, in the County of Glouces-
tershire, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in joining or connecting together stone-
ware or metal pipes by means of which the ordinary sockets formed on the ends of
such pipes are dispensed with thus saving considerable cost in their construction.
According to my invention the pipes are formed with plain butt ends in the
ordinary manner no socket or projecting portion being required for the same.
The joints between the pipes is formed by means of two-cup-shaped rings or
sockets constructed of metal paper or other suitable material cast stamped spun
or otherwise prepared so as to assume any required external shape either plain or
ornamental. These sockets are placed over and surround the ends of the pipes and
a portion of one of them enters a portion of the other one upon the same being
brought together to form the joint.
The upper side of each of the sockets is formed with two slots separated by a
mid-feather or division the said four slots being so arranged that as the sockets are
brought together they form two holes for receiving the grout the feather between
them preventing the grout from flowing down both sides.
When the sockets are thus brought together to form the joint both ends are luted
or packed with clay or yarn and into one of the said holes is poured a mixture of
Portland cement and water or other cement which will flow as a liquid and after-
wards set without material change of bulk either by expansion or contraction or
hot bitumen molten sulpher or the like may be poured in according to the liquid
to be contained in or conveyed by the pipes.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings Fig. 1 illustrates in longitudinal section
ene method of carrying out my invention and Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3
is a plan of the two sockets when separated and Fig. 4' and 5 are sections of two
modified forms or construction of pipe joint. a, a' are the two pipes to be joined
which may be of earthenware or metal and are formed with plain butt ends.
b, bare the cup-shaped rings or sockets surrounding the butt ends of the pipes and
formed of metal or other suitable material.
These sockets are each formed with two slots 62 separated by a feather or division b³
and coinciding in position with one another as shown in Fig. 3 so that when the
sockets are brought together they form two holes c into one of which the grout c¹
is poured.
In order to form the joint the butt ends of the pipes are brought together and the
sockets closed over the same centrally with the joint the open end of the socket b
entering the open end of the socket 6 which is of slightly larger diameter for the
purpose.
The slots in the sockets are thus caused to form the holes c with the feather 63
between them which prevents the grout from flowing down both sides.
The sockets being thus placed in proper position the ends are luted and the space

page_text: formed between them and the pipes filled with suitable cement c¹ or hot bitumen
or the like as before described poured into one or other of the holes c.
Before placing the socket in position I prefer to fold a strip or piece of tape
made of cotten linen jute asbestos or other fibre d around the joints between the
pipes to prevent the cement or other filling passing into the pipes. Fig. 4 shews
a joint especially applicable to cast iron soil pipes the sockets b, b1 being of more
ornamental shape and the cement sulpher or bitumen being fed through the hole e
in the socket by means of a short pipe until it flows out at the ends f.
In the modification shewn in Fig. 5 a ring of felt paper card asbestos or soft
metal .9 is fitted between the abutting ends of the pipes before proceeding to form
the joint as before described.
The external form of the joint may be varied to suit different positions and
requirements such as when heating plant houses in which ranges of pipes are
super imposed upon one another in which case six or other required number of
projections are formed upon the external socket to serve as supports for the pipes
above or below.
The advantages of my improved joint over others hitherto in use are that the
pipes can be seen in every part before the joint is made, the joint being the
strongest part of the pipes alike from resisting internal external and transverse
strains, the time occupied in making the joint is also very short and any acci-
dental movement of the pipes after the joint is made is so small as to render
leakage a negligible quantity.
In constructing my improved sockets of hard brass stamping I prefer to slit the
end of a tube formed of a brazed-up sheet into a number of strips the ends of which
are pressed up so as to overlap each other. In this way end contraction will be
secured and the slight openings left will be found advantageous in permitting the
surplus water to flow away.
When forming a joint with paper cups or sockets I insert a ring of wire netting
expanded metal or wire rings in the body of the cement as shewn at h in Fig. 1 to
increase the resistance to internal pressure and prevent cracking in the cement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
(1) In joints for metal or stoneware pipes the combination with the plain butt-
ended pipes of two cup-shaped metal or other sockets formed with slots through
which the grout or filling is fed into the space between the pipes and the sockets tho
joint between the pipes being covered by a strip or tape of linen jute asbestos or
other fibre substantially as described and for the purposes specified."
(2) In pipe joints as above claimed the combination of the butt-ended pipes a, a¹,
sockets b, b. slots feathers or divisions 63 holes c grouting c¹ of Portland cement
or other cement and water or of hot bitumen molton sulpher or the like and strip
or tape of linen asbestos or other fibre substantially as described and for the
purposes specified.
(3) In joints for metal or stoneware pipes the modifications shewn in and
described with reference respectively to Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings.
(4) The improved joints for metal or stoneware pipes substantially as described
and shewn in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 12th day of November 1897
J. B. FLEURET,
5 Hatton Garden, Holborn Circus, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.