IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS OR ANALOGOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I HERMANN WEDEKIND of 158 Fenchurch Street in the City of London Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND CONNECTED WITH KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS OR ANALOGOUS ARTICLES.
A communication to me from abroad by Helmuth Dueberg of the City of Berlin
in the Empire of Germany to be as follows:-—
This Invention relates to that class of furnaces or kilns in which a large number
of bricks or other substances may be burned or dried rapidly and with economy by
either direct firing or by the use of gas. The kiln or furnace is made with
chambers closed at their outer ends by means of readily removable walls, or by
doors or slides which should preferably be lined with fire brick to resist the heat
of the furnace.
Rails or tracks are laid upon the bottom of the chambers and extend to the out-
side thereof in order that the green bricks or other goods may be loaded upon
trucks or moveable platforms and a series of such trucks or platforms be run into
one of the chambers of the kiln one form of which consists of two main burning
chambers connected with each other by end passages provided with regulating
valves so as to form a continuous chamber or circuit through which the fire or gases
have to travel before reaching the smoke chamber and chimney, the flues of which
are provided with suitable dampers. If the "burning" is done by gas, said gas is
conducted from the producer and admitted to the main gas flue from whence it
passes by means of moveable tubes to, and through perforated pipes which may be
lowered into the chamber at the desired points, such tubes being suitably governed
by means of regulating valves or throttles.
Where the chambers are of considerable size, stationary perforated pipes may also
be built into the wall of the chambers If direct firing is employed the coal or
other fuel is fed through feeding holes formed in the arch of the burning chamber
as is now the case, in what is known as the Hoffmann kiln. The kiln may be
provided with a series of burning chambers each one of which may be divided by

page_text: means of suitable slides into two or more compartments which in their turn should
be connected to the smoke chamber. The green bricks or other goods to be burnt
are loaded upon vertically moveable platforms mounted or carried upon one or more
trucks which are run into the kiln, the end or door of which is then closed Said
platforms may be constructed so as to form the tops of the trucks or they may
simply be carried thereon by means of apparatus adapted to slightly raise the
platforms before running them into the burning chamber where they are then
lowered or allowed to sink down onto side ledges provided for that purpose the
trucks being then free to be withdrawn from under them During the process of
burning, the platforms with the bricks or other goods upon them are at rest and
the fire and gases pass forward from the burned goods over and around those to be
subsequently burned.
After burning, the platforms laden with the burned goods, are withdrawn
through the ends or doors of the kiln and are replaced by platforms laden with
green goods.

page_text: I HERMANN WEDEKIND of 158 Fenchurch Street in the City of London, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND CONNECTED WITH KILNS FOR BURNING BRICKS OR ANALOGOUS ARTICLES,
A communication to me from abroad by Helmuth Dueberg of the City of Berlin in
the Empire of Germany, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to that class of furnaces or kilns in which a large number
of bricks or other substances such as Tiles Terra Cotta, Lime, Cement &c may be
burned or dried rapidly and with economy by either direct firing or by the use
of gas.
To clearly explain the nature of the invention reference is made to the accom-
panying drawing in which Fig 1 shows on the left half a plan and on the right
half a top view of the improved kiln. Fig 2 being a cross section of same. Fig 3
a section on line y. s. and Fig 4 a plan on a reduced scale of a modified form of
kiln or furnace. The kiln or furnace is made with chambers closed at their outer
ends by means of readily removable walls or by doors or slides which should
preferably be lined with fire brick to resist the heat of the furnace.
Rails or tracks are laid upon the bottom of the chambers and extend to the
outside thereof in order that the green bricks or other goods may be loaded upon
trucks or moveable platforms and a series of such trucks or platforms be run into
one of the chambers of the kiln one form of which consists of two main burning
chambers A A' connected with each other by end passages P. P' provided with
regulating valves so as to form a continuous chamber or circuit through which the
fire or gases have to travel before reaching the smoke chamber R, and chimney S
as indicated by the arrows in Fig 1. the flues r being provided with suitable
dampers, as shown in Fig 2. If the burning is done by gas said gas is conducted
from the producer and admitted to the main gas flue G from whence it passes by
means of moveable tubes g to and through perforated pipes ee which may be
lowered into the chamber at the desired points, such tubes being suitably governed
by means of regulating valves or throttles.
Where the chambers are of considerable size, stationary perforated pipes e¹ e¹
may also be built into the wall of the chambers For direct firing a chamber A¹
arranged as shown in Fig 3. is employed the coal or other fuel being fed through
feeding holes 66 formed in the arch of the burning chamber as is now the case in
what is known as the Hoffmann kiln. The kiln may be provided with a series of
burning chambers each one of which may be divided by means of suitable slides c c
into two or more compartments as shown in Figs 1 and 4 (the latter being more
particularly described hereafter) which in their turn should be connected to the
smoke chamber while the passages P. P¹ may also be temporarily closed by move-
able doors or slides tt. The green bricks or other goods to be burnt are loaded
upon vertically moveable platforms F F¹ mounted or carried upon one or more
trucks W which are run into the kiln the ends or doors d of which are then closed.
These doors may conveniently be formed of a mass of fire resisting material
mounted upon wheels or a truck, and running upon the same rails as the trucks
carrying the goods to be fired. The platforms may be constructed so as to form the
tops of the trucks or they may simply be carried hereon by means of apparatus
adapted to slightly raise the platforms before running them into the burning
chamber where they are then lowered or allowed to sink down on to side ledges
provided for that purpose the trucks being then free to be withdrawn from under

page_text: them. The arrangement employed may consist of screws, hydraulic jacks or like
devices. During the process of burning, the platforms with the bricks or other
goods upon them are at rest and the fire and gases pass forward from the burned
goods over and around those to be subsequently burned.
After burning, the platforms laden with the burned goods are withdrawn through
the ends or doors of the kiln and are replaced by platforms laden with green goods.
In the form shown in Fig 4 the gases are caused to take a zigzag or tortuous
course as indicated by the arrows through the series of burning chambers which
are arranged around a central smoke chamber R and chimney S each chamber
being provided with the moveable platforms and trucks as before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a continuous kiln for burning bricks or analogous articles, the combination
with the burning chambers connected by suitable passages and provided with
end doorways opposite to each other, of the moveable platforms, and trucks
described.
2. In a continuous kiln for burning bricks or analogous articles the platforms F F¹
forming a moveable floor to the furnace in combination with the trucks W.
substantially as shown and described.
3. In a continuous kiln for burning bricks or analogous articles the combination
with the moveable floor consisting of platforms F F and trucks W. of the per-
forated moveable and stationary gas pipes ee and e³ ³ substantially as shown and...
described.
4th. In a continuous kiln for burning bricks or analogous articles the employment
of a series of burning chambers so arranged around a central smoke chamber and
chimney as to cause the gases in their passage through them to take a tortuous
or zizag course each chamber being provided with moveable end doorways and
adjustable platforms and trucks as described.
Dated this nineteenth day of December 1884.