A MACHINE FOR GRINDING CORN, DRAWING UP GREAT WEIGHTS, AS COALS, &C., AND TO FORCE UP WATER WITH A PERPETUAL STREAK FOR THE SUPPLY OF CITYS, SEATS, &c.
Year: 1744

page_text: WHEREAS His Majesty King George the Second has been graciously
pleased to grant unto me, WILLIAM PERKINS, the sole priviledge and licence, by
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of England, bearing date the Sixth day of
September, in the eighteenth year of His reign, for the making and vending
"A MACHINE FOR GRINDING CORN, DRAWING UP GREAT WEIGHTS, AS COALS, &C.,
AND TO FORCE UP WATER WITH A PERPETUAL STREAK FOR THE SUPPLY OF CITYS,
SEATS, &c.;" in which said Patent there is a clause that I shall, within four
calendar months next after the date thereof, particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause
the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery. Pursuant
to the said clause; I hereby describe the said machine, viz:—
That part of it which is only usefull in raising water is as follows:-A cillendar,
with a gudgeon and crank at each end, as in the margin marked A; two wheels,
one at each end of the cillender, marked B; six curved flaps, marked C, to be
placed round the cillender, between the two wheels. The points or axis's at the
corner of the flaps are to go thro the round holes in the wheels, the other points
of the flaps are to go thro the curved holes in the wheels, which will give
the flaps room to open and shutt; as the flaps are curved, when they are
shut they form a cillender. Two plates, marked D, with holes in the middle
for the gudgeons to run in between the two plates D; that side, where four
holes appear, there must be a curved plate, with four points at each end to go
through the four holes in the said plates; the end of it will appear as Figure E.
It must be fixed so as to touch the wheels and 'the edges of the flaps when

page_text: open; also between the two plates D, on that side where two holes appear,
there must be a traverse with two points at each end to fitt the two holes in
plate D, which must project in between the two wheels so as to touch the flaps
when shutt; the points coming through the holes in plate D may have screws
and nutts by which the works may be made fast together; the end of the
traverse appears as Figure (F) from Plate E; to traverse (F) there must be an
iron bended like a rib, as Figure G, to shut the flaps down if they should not
shut quick enough by their own weight; these works being inclosed in
the tree of a common pump, except the gudgeons. By turning the crank,
the flaps, as they come below the traverse, will open by their own weight, and
force the water up, which is prevented from coming down on the other side by
the traverse, so must of course ascend.
The other part is a horizontal windmill, which is to work the former, and
to grind corn, or draw up great weights, or raise water, and to work any other
machine which is work'd circularly by horses, and is to be performed as follows:
A perpendicular shaft or axletree, with eight sails more or less, as in the
margin, (viz), four sails of equal height from the ground, as you see two of
them, H, I, and just below them four more, as K, L; they must not be just
under them, but under the middle of the vacancy between the upper sails.
A sail I shall divide into two parts; first, the outside frame, as (I), which
is fixed fast in the shaft; within that is another frame that turns on an
axletree, with gudgeons, as e, e. This frame must be covered with cloth
on both sides, as f. f. When this sail meets the wind, as there is more
surface above the axletree then below it, it turns on the gudgeons till the
edge 9 comes foremost, so causes very little resistance; but as soon as it is
past the point of the wind it turns again to a perpendicular, and is kept
in that situation by a rope or chain fix'd to the wheel h; the other end
of the rope is fix'd to a lever with a weight on it, i, k. The other end of
the lever is fixt to the shaft with a hinge, which suffers it to move up and
down. The weight k may be moved nearer to the shaft, or farther from it,
till you find that it causes a sufficient resistance in the wind to do the
work equired, and no more; then, if the wind blows harder than is neces-
sary, the sail will turn and raise up the lever with the weight a little, and let
the wind through; so consequently a strong wind has no more power (as to the
circular motion of the sails) than a wind that is but just sufficient to do the
work. There must be likewise a small frame with cloth, fix'd horizontally
round the top and bottom of the outside frame, as 1, 1, to confine the wind to
the sail, which will make it do near one sixth more work, for drawing up
weights out of pitts, &c. There must be two setts of levers and weights,

page_text: one on each side of the wheels; and when you would have it turn the contrary
way, you must draw up those levers that are in use, and let the other down.
This is a true, and the most plain description which I can give.
one on each side of the wheels; and when you would have it turn the contrary
way, you must draw up those levers that are in use, and let the other down.
This is a true, and the most plain description which I can give.
As witness my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December, One
thousand seven hundred forty-four.