IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE HANGING AND DISCONNECTING OF WINDOW SASHES AND FRAMES
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BROCKLEHURST, of Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Lamp Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Eleventh day of February; One thousand eight hundred
and forty-six, in the ninth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said John Brocklehurst, my exors,
admors, and "assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I; the said John Brocklehurst, 'my exors; admors, and
assigns, and such other's as I, the said John Brocklehurst; my exors, admors,
or assigns, should at any time agrée with, and "no "others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter "during the term of years therein' mentioned,'
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, "within England,'
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention' of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE HANGING AND DISCONNECTING OF WINDOW SASHES AND FRAMES;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I; the said John'
Brocklehurst, shall particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention; and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal; to be enrolled in Her Majesty's"
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next' and 'immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters' Patent,' as, reference being'
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Brocklehurst, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, are
particularly described and ascertained in and by this present Instrument in
writing, and the two several Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed, and in
which said Drawings similar parts are marked and referred to by similar letters
or figures, that is to say :-
My Invention of Improvements in the Hanging and Disconnecting of
Window Sashes and Frames is applicable to that description of window sashes
generally called or known as sliding sashes, and to the frames for such sashes,
and consists,
Firstly, in hanging sliding sashes by means of bands or cords of vulcanised
indian rubber, or other suitable elastic material.
Secondly, in disconnecting sliding sashes from the frames thereof, either by
means of compound sash styles, having either plain or dovetailed junctions, or
by means of shifting or moveable pulley styles.
And I will now proceed to describe the several means by which the said
Invention is to be carried into effect; and, firstly, in hanging sliding sashes by
means of bands or cords of vulcanised indian rubber, or other suitable elastic
material.
Figure 1 represents a front or face view (with parts removed) of a common
sliding window sash and frame constructed according to this first part of my
Invention; and Figure 2 represents a transverse section through a, b, in
Figure 1. In order to hang the sashes according to my Invention, I secure
to the centre C of the under side of the top of the frame B, B, four bands,
D, D, D, D, of vulcanised indian rubber, or other suitable elastic material, equal
in width to the thickness of the sashes A, A', and about one sixteenth of an
inch thick, and carry two of such bands each in opposite directions from C up
to and over a separate roller E, E, for each band, fixed in each top corner or
angle of the frame, and such a distance down between the pulley style and
sash style as to enable the other extremities of these two bands to be secured
to each side of the upper sash at about the same points where pulley ropes
are usually fixed. The other two bands are in like manner similarly fixed,
and carried to and over similar rollers, and such a distance down between the
pulley style and sash style as will admit of their being secured to the lower
sash at the like points when such sash is thrown up to the top of the frame.
To fix the ends of the bands to the sashes, the latter must be taken out of
the frames either before the beads a+ are put on, or by removing the beads (if
previously put on), or by any of the means herein-after described, and the

page_text: bands stretched so as to allow of their being conveniently secured to the sashes
when so taken out. When the sashes are placed in their relative positions,
it is evident that the bands of the upper sash will be in a state of rest, and
those of the lower sash in a state of tension; but for the purpose of keeping
the top of the upper sash always close, the bands should be somewhat
shortened before being secured, so as to keep them constantly slightly stretched.
The lower sash may be kept down, or either sash kept occasionally in any
intermediate position, by means of bolts 6+, c+, fixed at the bottom corners of
the lower sash, and at the top corners of the upper sash, to shoot into holes
made at convenient distances, shewn by some external corresponding mark
d+, d+, or the same may be effected by means of bolts f+, f+, fixed to the
frame B shooting into holes formed in the edges of the sashes at conve-
nient distances, shewn in a similar way. To prevent the tops of the sashes
pressing against the rollers E, E, the top corners of the sashes must be cut
away, as shewn in the Drawing. Should a greater length of band be required,
in order to avoid stretching it too much when in action, the ends, instead of
being fixed at C, as already described, may be carried over rollers let into the
pulley styles and downwards along the back of the pulley styles, as shewn by
the red-ink line 9+, and fixed as shewn at h*, or at any other distance from
the rollers as may be required; or the bands, instead of being fixed to the
upper parts of the sash, where pulley ropes are usually fixed, may be fastened
lower down. Square or round cords of indian rubber, or other suitable
elastic material, may be used instead of the bands described, but in such case
corresponding grooves must be formed for their reception either in the edges
of the sash styles or in the frames.
Secondly, as to the means of disconnecting the sashes of windows from the
frames thereof, by constructing the sashes with compound sash styles, having
either plain or dovetailed junctions. I form the sashes in the following
manner :-Figure 3 is a face or front view (with parts removed) of a sliding
sash window, having compound sash styles with plain junctions according to
my Invention. Figure 4 is a transverse section taken through the line c, d,
Figure 3; and Figure 5 is a longitudinal section taken through the line e, f,
of Figure 3, with the sashes inclined as shewn; and Figure 6 shews four
views of a portion of either the lower or upper sash when removed. In these
Figures B, B, B, is the frame having pulley styles, with inside and outside
beads of the ordinary construction, in which sashes L, M, having compound
styles with plain joins (hereafter more particularly described), slide up and down
in the ordinary manner. The sash styles of both sashes are formed of two pieces
0, 0, and P, P. 0, 0, are the main sash styles, which are framed such a

page_text: distance apart from out to out as will enable the lower sash M just to clear
the opening between the inside, beads on-the opposite sides of the window
frame, and will enable the upper sash to clear the outside sash lining; and
P, P, are additional or supplementary sash styles, which are of the same
length and equal in width to the thickness of the main sash styles, and of such
a thickness as to occupy loosely the spaces between the main sash styles and
the pulley styles. The main. sash styles O, O, are connected with each
extremity of the supplementary sash styles P, P, by means of studs 1, x,
(hereafter described) fitted to the bottom of the supplementary. sash styles and
sockets n+, formed in the main sash styles and bolts m+, attached to the tops
of the main styles, which shoot into the tops of the supplementary styles. To
the upper ends. of the supplemental; styles P,-P, pulley cords with, weights.are
fitted. in the ordinary manner. To disconnect the lower or inside sash M,
I force back the bolts mtand the. hollow bolts in the sockets nt, and pull
forward the top of the sash, as shewn in Figure.5, and lift the sash from off the
studs which are attached to the lower ends of the supplemetal sash styles.P,, P.;
and to disconnect and remove.the upper or outer sash L from the frame I lower
the sash and force back, the bolts mt, fixed at the top, and the hollow bolts let
into the socket nt in the bottom of the sash, and incline the top of the window
sash outward, as shewn in Figure 5, and then lift or pull the sash, from off the
two studs attached to the supplementary sash styles P, P. The studs at
the bottom of the supplemental styles are held fast in the sockets let into the
bottom of the sash frame by a sort of hollow bolt ot, which works backwards
and forwards in a slot, and fits the stud 2+, the action of which bolt is as
follows: The main sash style O being placed against the supplemental sash
style P with the stud below the opening in the bottom of the style, it is to be
lowered until the socket rests on the stud, when the bolt o+ is to be forced
on to the stud 1+. To render the joint or junction of the two sash styles
O and P as nearly impervious to wind or rain as possible, the parting.bead p+
between the two sashes must be rather deeper than the inside bead and
outside lining, so as to overlap the joints between the two sash styles....
.
Figure 7 represents another window frame with compound sashes con-
structed with dovetailed junctions according to my Invention. Figure 8. is a
transverse section through the line g, h, Figure 1, supposing both sashes to
be lowered; Figure 9 is a longitudinal section through k, l, Figure 7,--with
the upper sash detached; and Figure, 10 is a top view to an enlarged scale,
shewing a supplemental sash style detached from the sash frame. Instead of
forming the supplemental sash style P and connecting it with the main sash
style in the manner previously directed, I form it with a dovetailed tongue

page_text: pt, which fits, into a dovetailed, groove q* formed in. the main.sash. style.O,
and secure it from sliding by a single bolt mt, fitted.to; the top of the-sash.
About one inch of the bottom of each main and supplemental, sash style, of the
lower sash should together forma, plain joint, as shewn at s, s, in Figure 9.
To disconnect, the lower.sash M from the frame the bolts m+must be with-
drawn from their, hold, upon the supplemental,.sash..style P, which will be
carried upwards by means of the pulley ropes and weights, when the dove-
tailed tongue pt, being withdrawn from the dovetailed groove, q, the main
sash style will be left without any connection with .the..supplemental sash
style, and the sash be removeable. To disconnect the upper sash L from the
frame it must be first brought down to its lowest position, and the bolts with-
drawn in the same manner as described with respect to the lower sash M.
.
Figure 11 represents another window having the frame constructed with
shifting or moveable pulley'styles according to my Invention. Figure 12 is a
transverse section through the line m, m, Figure 11... The pulley style, on
each side of the frame is divided obliquely into two parts Q, Q+, about four
inches above the meeting of the two sashes, the upper portions Q, with the
ordinary pulleys, 'cords, and weights, being fixed, and the lower parts capable
of being removed or fixed' by bolts in a line with the upper parts Q
at pleasure. To remove the lower sash the bolts + which connect the
moveable pulley styles must be forced up, the sash must be raised about six
inches, and the shifting style lifted back into the notch (as shewn) by means
of the thumb and finger taking hold of the parting-bead pt.....The sash can
then be moved laterally in the frame so as to afford sufficient space to enable
one side of the sash to clear the inside bead d* on the opposite side of the
frame, when it will easily, be- lifted out and the pulley cords disconnected.
To remove the upper sash it is only necessary to lower it so that the
top will
clear the lower extremity of the fixed portion of the pulley style, and proceed
as directed with regard to the lower sash. Instead of the sashes formed with
compound sash styles being suspended with cords and weights, indian-rubber
bands such as before described may be employed. Instead of the sashes being
fitted on both sides with supplemental or compound sash styles formed with
dovetailed tongues and grooves, as herein-before described, one side only may
be so fitted, and in that case the window sash must be slightly raised and
swing sideways to disconnect it from the frame; and instead of the shifting
or moveable pulley styles being formed on both sides of the frame, as herein-
before described, one side only may be so formed, and the other furnished with
an ordinary pocket piece.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which

page_text: the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim the
disconnecting sashes from frames by means of compound sash styles generally;
but I claim as my Invention,-.
Firstly, the hanging sliding sashes by means of bands or cords of vulcanised
india rubber, or other suitable elastic material, as herein-before described; and,
Secondly, the disconnecting sliding sashes from their frames, either by means
of compound sash styles having plain or dovetailed junctions, of the respective
forms and respectively connected together as herein-before described, or by
means of shifting or moveable pulley styles, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Brocklehurst, have hereunto set
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
my
JOHN (L.S.) BROCKLEHURST.