Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 14th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Jan., 1888
We ARTHUR BRIN of 59 Brompton Crescent in the County of Middlesex, Engineer
and Chemist and LÉON QUENTIN BRIN of 7 Rue Gavarni Paris in the Republic of
France Engineer and Chemist do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention to
be as follows:-
According to our Invention the saccharine or sacchariferous matter to be treated is
dissolved if necessary in water and placed in a churn or vessel in which it can be
subjected to violent agitation.
The churn or vessel is closed air tightly and must be of wood or other material not
injuriously acted upon by the materials introduced thereinto and is provided with
a pipe or coil for steam to heat the solution before or before and during treatment.
The steam may be either introduced into a coil or it may be caused to come into
direct contact with the matter under treatment or both.
In the lower part of the churn or apparatus is a coil or pipe perforated for the
admission of gases as hereinafter described. The agitation of the matter under
treatment may be effected by means of a shaft carrying beaters or stirrers. Whilst
the matter is being beaten or agitated we admit through the aforesaid perforated pipe
or coil oxygen and chlorine gases either directly or we first electrify the gases
by passing them together or separately through an ozono-generator or electrical
apparatus (which may be of well known type) by which the oxygen is concentrated
or diminished in volume and thereby converted into ozone or the chlorine is concen-
trated or diminished in volume similarly to the oxygen. In like manner when the
gases are electrified together they are both so concentrated or diminished in volume.
The oxygen so treated is well known and called ozone and the chlorine when so
treated may be designated "Chlore naissant," and when both gases are so treated
together they may be termed "autochlorozone.'
دو
A small quantity of Alumina or Sulphate of Alumina is introduced into the matter
to be treated which may be done by adding the alumina to the water used to make the

page_text: solution of the said matters. Immediately after the operation hereinbefore described
we introduce carbonate of soda or a solution thereof to ensure precipitation of matters
detrimental to sugar or the like. The precipitates are then removed and the matter
which has been treated is allowed to stand for a time to clarify.
A current of oxygen or ozone may be passed through the matters to deodorize
them.
The gases which are not absorbed in the process can be collected and used over
again.
Dated this 14th day of February 1887
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Treatment of Saccharine and Sacchariferous
Matters for the Purpose of Decolouring, Purifying, or Refining
them.
We ARTHUR BRIN, of 59 Brompton Crescent in the County of Middlesex, Engineer
and Chemist, and LÉON QUENTIN BRIN, of 7 Rue Gavarni, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer and Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
According to our Invention the saccharine or sacchariferous matter to be treated is
dissolved in water if it be necessary to reduce it to a liquid form, that is, if it be not
already sufficiently liquid. The water may be hot or cold but is preferably at a
temperature of or about 50 to 55 degrees centigrade and the liquid matter is placed in
a churn or vessel in which it can be subjected to violent agitation. The churn or
vessel is closed air-tightly and must be of a material (such for example as wood) not
injuriously acted upon by heat (if heat be used) or by the materials introduced there-
into and the said vessel is preferably provided with a pipe or coil for steam or boiling
water to heat the matter before, or both before and during, agitation and treatment
by the gases as hereinafter explained. The steam may be either introduced into a
coil or it may be caused to come into direct contact with the matter under treatment
or both plans may be adopted.
In the churn or apparatus (preferably in the lowest part thereof) is a coil or pipe
perforated for the adimission of the gases as hereinafter described. The agitation of

page_text: the matter under treatment may be effected by means of a shaft carrying beaters or
stirrers. Whilst the matter is being beaten or agitated we admit through the
aforesaid perforated pipe or coil oxygen and chlorine gases either directly or we
first electrify the gases by passing them together or separately through an ozono-
generator or electrical apparatus (which may be of the well known type) by which
the oxygen is concentrated or diminished in volume, and thereby converted into ozone
or the chlorine is concentrated or diminished in volume similarly to the oxygen. In
like manner when the gases are electrified together they are both so concentrated or
diminished in volume. The oxygen so treated is well known and called "ozone
" and
the chlorine when so treated inay be designated "chlore-naissant" and when both
gases are so treated together they may be termed "auto-chlorozone." A suitable
apparatus for electrolizing the gases is as before stated such as is known as an
ozono-generator" and used for converting oxygen into ozone. A small quantity of
alumina (or the equivalent thereof in this connection such as alum, sulphate of
alumina, Fuller's earth or China clay) is introduced into the matter to be treated
which may be done by adding the alumina or the like to the water used to make the
solution of the said matters. Immediately after the operation hereinbefore described
or previously to the said operation we introduce an alkali (which, on the score of
efficiency and economy, we prefer to be Carbonate of Soda or a solution thereof) to
ensure a precipitation of matters detrimental to sugar or the like. The precipitates
aro then removed and the matter which has been treated is allowed to stand for a time
to clarify. We do not limit ourselves to any particular proportion of the alumina or
the like, or of the alkali, but generally about (by weight) 3 (three) parts of the
alumina or the like and 2 (two) parts by weight of Carbonate of Soda (or other
alkali) to every 1,000 (one thousand) parts by weight of the matter under treatment
will be sufficient. The agitating process and the subjection of the matters to the
action of the gases will be carried on for a period in accordance with the bleaching
doodorizing or refining effect desired.
If desired a current of oxygen or of ozone may be passed through the matters to
deodorize them after treatment as herein before described.
The gases which are not absorbed in the process or are given off during the process
can he collected and used over again.
We have mentioned oxygen as being used and we prefer to use it when obtainable
but we may use atmospheric air to supply the oxygen. We therefore hereinbefore
and hereinafter include atmospheric air in the term 'oxygen.'
The oxygen may be, and preferably is, added to the chlorine at the moment of its
production or when it is in a nascent state, the gases being then passed into the
churn as hereinbefore described.
The oxygen given off in the churn during the process may be used to re-oxidize the
bi-oxide of manganese used for producing the Chlorine.
In treating sacchariferous matters as hereinbefore described invertion of sugar is
avoided.
The matters treated as aforesaid can then be subjected to boiling in vacuum pans
and treatment in centrifugal machines or otherwise in the usual or any suitable
manner employed in the manufacture of sugar.
The Invention is applicable to the treatment of saccharine and sacchariferous
matters generally such for example as raw cane-sugar or juices, or the juices or
syrups obtained from beet-root for sugar making.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The treatment of Saccharine or Sacchariferons matters by means of oxygen gas
and chlorine gas applied during agitation of the matters substantially as and for
the
purposes herein before described whether the process be conducted at ordinary or
at elevated temperatures.
2. The treatment of Saccharine or Sacchariferous matters by means of oxygen gas

page_text: and chlorine gas the oxygen being supplied to the chlorine at the moment of its
formation, or whilst it is in a nascent state, and the mixed gases being applied during
agitation of the matters substantially as and for the purposes herein before described
whether the process be conducted at ordinary or at elevated temperatures.
3. The treatment of Saccharine or Sacchiariferous matters by means of electrified
chlorine gas in conjunction with oxygen or of electrified oxygen or ozone in con-
junction with chlorine gas applied during agitation of the matters substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described whether the process be conducted at ordinary
or at elevated temperatures.
4. The treatment of Saccharine or Sacchariferous matters (during their agitation)
by means of oxygen and chlorine gases which have been subjected to electric action
substantially as and for the purposes described whether the process be conducted
at ordinary or at elevated temperatures.
5. The treatment of Saccharine or Sacchariferous matters by means of alumina or
the like and carbonate of soda or other alkali and oxygen and chlorine gases, the
gases being applied during agitation of the matters; whether the oxygen or the
chlorine or both the oxygen and the chlorine be or be not subjected to electric
action substantially as and for the purpose herein before described, and whether the
treatment be conducted at ordinary or elevated temperatures.
Dated this 14th day of November 1887.