CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Moss, of Astley, in the County of Lancaster,
Manager, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING
ENGINES."
Sealed the 30th November 1866, and dated the 9th June 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Moss at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th June
1866.
I, JOHN Moss, of Astley, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARDING ENGINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a novel arrangement and combination of carding
cylinders and roller employed in carding engines, and is designed to combine
the "breaker" and finisher carding engines in one, and to improve the
quality of the carding, and also to obviate the necessity for stripping the cards
by hand.
The improvements consist in the use of two large or main cylinders in
combination with a small card roller beneath and between them; these two
may be different in diameter, or equal, and are to be clothed with cards of
different degrees of fineness, the first cylinder being the coarsest, and is to
revolve at the highest speed, say, 1,800 surface revolutions per minute, the
second is to revolve in the same direction at about 1,200 revolutions per
minute. The first cylinder receives the fibrous material from the "licker-iu,"

page_text: "breaks" or cards it, and delivers it to the second cylinder, by which it is
further carded, being stripped therefrom by the "doffing cylinder," and any
fibrous material not removed thereby is carried round until the small card
roller cleans it from the surface and transfers it to the first cylinder. This
small roller revolves at a speed of about 1,500 revolutions per minute, or at
such a speed as will be about an average of the speeds of the two cylinders,
and it rotates in an opposite direction to the main cylinders; the other parts
of the carding engine are similar to those in general use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Moss in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th
December 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
Moss, of Astley, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Niuth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto I, the
said John Moss, Her special license that I, the said John Moss, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Moss, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
CARDING ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Moss, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE. that I, the said John Moss, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates to a novel arrangement and combination of card

page_text: cylinders and rollers employed in carding engines, and is designed to combine
the breaker and finisher carding engines in one, and to improve the quality.
of the carding, and also to obviate the necessity for stripping the cards by
hand.
The improvements consist in the use of two larger or main cylinders in
combination with a small card roller beneath and between them; these two
cylinders may be different, in diameter, or equal to, and are to be clothed
with cards of different degrees of fineness, the first cylinder being the
coarsest, and is to revolve at the highest speed, say, eighteen hundred feet
of surface velocity per minute, the second is to revolve in the same direction
at about twelve hundred feet per minute. The first cylinder receives the
fibrous material from the "licker-in," breaks or cards it, and delivers it to the
second cylinder, by which it is further carded, being stripped therefrom by
the "doffing cylinder," any fibrous material not removed thereby round until
the small card roller clears it from the surface, and transfers it to the first
cylinder.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of
one inch and half to the foot, having similar letters of reference marked
upon corresponding parts of the apparatus.
Fig. represents a vertical section of the "breaker " and "finisher
cylinders of a two-cylinder carding engine, shewing the novel arrangement
and adaptation thereto of the improved clearer roller.
In this Figure a represents the breaker cylinder, which is covered with
coarse cards, and is caused to revolve at a high velocity; b is a similar
cylinder revolving in the same direction at a reduced velocity, and covered
with finer cards; and c is the small clearer roller, the action and operation of
the three being as follows:-The first cylinder a receives the fibrous material
from the ordinary feeders or "lickers-in," which breaks and cards it, and
delivers it to the second cylinder b, by which it is further carded and stripped
therefrom by the "doffing cylinder," and any fibrous material not removed
thereby is carried round until the small card roller c clears it from the surface.
and transfers it to the first cylinder. This small roller revolves at a speed of
about fifteen hundred feet per minute, or at such a speed as will be about an
average of the speeds of the two cylinders, and it rotates in an opposite
direction to the main cylinders; the other parts of the carding engine are
similar to those in general use.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly

page_text: understood that I claim, the employment and use of the additional clearer
roller c in combination with two main cylinders in carding engines, and the
regulation of the relative speeds of the said cylinders and clearer.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Moss, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.