IMPROVEMENTS IN DRIVING MECHANISM FOR CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 12th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 15th June, 1888
We, BENJAMIN ORMEROD Cotton Mill Manager and GEORGE HAWORTH Chief
Carder both in the employ of John Dugdale and Sons of Blackburn in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
DRIVING MECHANISM FOR CARDING ENGINES, to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in driving mechanism for carding engines
and the chief object of our improvements is to overcome the side strain which is
placed upon the shaft of the main cylinder by the driving pulley being mounted
directly upon it as now customary which side strain tends. to move the main cylinder
out of its true position.
In carrying out our improvements we mount the driving pulley loose upon a sleeve
or bush secured to the engine side or frame; the shaft of the main cylinder passes
through this sleeve or bush but without touching the same. The driving pulley has
an internally toothed wheel either formed in one piece with it or formed separately
and secured to it in any convenient manner and this internally toothed wheel gears
into a toothed wheel fixed upon the cylinder shaft so that when the belt is on the
driving pulley motion is communicated by the internal wheel to the wheel on the
cylinder shaft and so to the main cylinder, all the strain or pull of the belt on the driving
pulley being taken by the sleeve or bush upon which it is mounted which sleeve or
bush is secured to the engine side or frame as previously mentioned.
Any suitable equivalents for the internally toothed wheel and the foothed wheel on
the shaft may be employed such for example as a clutch box or pegs working into
holes in a plate and the like.
Tadalis 12+h dove of Santawkan 1987

page_text: Improvements in Driving Mechanism for Carding Engines.
We BENJAMIN ORMEROD, Cotton Mill Manager, and GEORGE HAWORTH Chief
Carder, both in the employ of Jolin Dugdale and Sons of Blackburn in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying drawings:
Our Invention relates to apparatus for imparting rotatory motion to the cylinders
of carding engines and has for its object to prevent in each case the transmission to
the cylinder of the disturbing influences due to what may be termed the straight pull
of the driving belt or band and also to the tension of the belt or band due in some
cases to the tightness of the same and thereby to obtain greater steadiness of motion
and less axial movement and as a consequence to lessen the general wear and the
irregular wear of the bearings and journals. To this end we mount the belt or band
pulley to revolve upon a fixed sleeve or part which is concentric with the cylinder
shaft instead of fixing the pulley upon such shaft as is usual and we transmit the
rotatory motion from one revolving part to the other by means of a connection which
will convey only the rotatory strain. We may apply our invention to one or more of
the cylinders in a carding engine.
Our Invention will be most clearly understood when described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
In the said drawings Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a Carding Engine
main cylinder shaft bearing, and of the fast driving belt pulley and the loose pulley
one end of the main cylinder shaft appearing in full in the same Fig.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the same parts.
The pullies in the two. Figs. are represented as broken for want of space in the
drawing.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the bearing and pullies at the other side of the Engine
drawn to a smaller scale than Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the parts represented in Fig. 3, these two Figs. being
drawn to a smaller scale than Figs. 1 and 2.
Figs. 5 to 8 illustrate the application of our invention to the doffer and takor in
or licker in cylinders.
The drawings on sheet 3 illustrate modifications in details of construction.
In Figs. 1 and 2 a is the end of the main cylinder shaft on which is ordinarily
fixed the driving pulley which receives motion from the line shafting of the mill and
which is represented by b. In the example the said pulley b is not fixed upon the
shaft but is mounted to revolve upon a hollow cylindrical boss or sleeve c which is
cast upon or formed in one piece with a plate c¹ which is attached by means of
screws d to the front of the bearing pedestal e in which are fitted the steps or bearing
brasses e in which the journal of the shaft revolves. The boss c is turned to suit
the bored pulley and is or may be bored. It will be seen that the pulley b will
revolve upon the boss c without touching the shaft a and that however tight the
driving belt may be the shaft is not pulled sideways or downward or lifted as the case
might be by the pull of the belt. A fast key f is fixed in the shaft and enters a
slot in the hub of a coupler g. This coupler is formed with two arms which enter
recesses formed in the hub of the driving pulley. The effect of this arrangement
is that the rotatory motion received from the driving pulley will be transmitted by

page_text: the coupler to the shaft a and as the only force exerted upon the coupler acts in a
circle which is about concentric with the axis of the shaft and as such force acts
upon two points on opposite sides of such axis the turning force has no disturbing
effect upon the axis of revolution of the shaft. The freedom of the coupler arms to
slide in the recesses in the pulley hub and a little play which the said arms have in
the said recesses permit of the slight want of concentricity with the axis of the shaft
of the boss upon which the driving pulley revolves which may occur through wear
of the parts or the adjustment or want of adjustment of the cylinder. The oil which
drips from the front end of the bearing in e¹ may pass through holes in the shell of
the boss to lubricate the bearing for the pulley b but in the drawing we have shown
by dotted lines a passage for conveying oil from a cup at h to the said bearing. The
loose pulley revolves upon a sleeve which is fitted upon the shaft end and is
jammed by means of a nut and washer j against the coupler g. As the engine is
not at work when the belt is on this loose pulley the disturbing effect of the belt
is not of so much consequence. It will however be readily understood that the loose
pulley might revolve directly upon the shaft or if the boss c were lengthened and the
fast pulley b situated on the outside both pullies might revolve upon the said boss.
The form of the coupler may be varied and if considered to be desirable the con-
necton between the pulley and the coupler may be made at more than two places as for
example the two parts might gear together somewhat in the manner of an ordinary
toothed driving clutch but we have found contact between the pulley and the coupler
at two points on opposite sides of the axis as in the example to be sufficient.
In Figs. 3 and 4 a¹ is the other end of the same shaft appearing in Fig. 1 and k
is the belt pulley which drives the taker in and which has been fixed upon the shaft a¹
previous to our invention. We mount this pulley upon a fixed hollow boss in the
same manner as when mounting the pulley bupon the boss e so that the pulley & is
connected with the shaft only through a carrier g' which is similar to the carrier g.
The effect of the arrangement is that the strain of the belt which drives the "taker
in" and of the bands which drive other parts of the carding engine does not effect the
steadiness of motion of the main cylinder.
Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate our method of actuating the taker in Cylinder the latter
Fig. being principally in section.
In the said Figs. 1 is the pulley which receives motion from the pulley k in
Fig. 3. The pulley is mounted to revolve upon a turned shell which projects from
the bearing pedestal m of the taker in shaft. The Rotatory motion is transmitted
from the pulley to the shaft through a coupler g2 as in the other examples, so
that the steadiness of motion of the taker in is not effected by the pull or tension of
the belt.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate our method of actuating the doffer cylinder. In these
Figures we show how the spur wheel through which motion is imparted to the doffer
may be mounted in the same manner as the belt pullies in the other examples in
order that steadiness of movement of the doffer may be ensured. The spur wheel m
is mounted in the same manner as the pulley 1 in Fig. 5 and transmits rotatory motion
to the doffer shaft through a coupler g³. It might not often be considered necessary
to apply our invention to the doffer shaft but in cases wherein the gearing might not
work smoothly such application would be of advantage.
Fig. 9 and 10 illustrate one of the modifications which may be made in any of
the examples. In this case the pulley is mounted to revolve upon the outside of the
bearing which is made long enough to receive the pulley, the coupler gʻ being fixed
on the end of the shaft. The arms of the coupler enter between cheeks n which
project from the face or the boss of the pulley as the case may be. We may apply
our invention to one end only or to both ends of the main cylinder shaft either with
or without the application to the taker in. When applying our invention we are
careful to adjust the parts so that the axis of the shaft shall be truly in the centre of
the turned surface of the boss c and we do not consider that in modern practice the
shaft would be allowed to become so much excentric with relation to the said turned
surface as to interfere with the proper working connection between the pulley and the

page_text: coupler but if it be considered to be advisable to provide for an amount of excentricity
whilst avoiding backlash in the connection we might use some such arrangement as
illustrated by Fig. 11. In this example the arms of the part g slide in ways formed
in a coupler o which has arms which slide in ways in the pulley the slides in o being
at right angles with the slides in the pulley as clearly shown in the drawing. We
do not confine ourselves to the details of the examples illustrated the important
feature of our invention being that the pulley or wheel through which rotatory
motion is transmitted to or from a cylinder shaft is not fixed upon such shaft but is
upon a part not attached to the shaft and transmits rotatory motion to the shaft by
means of a loose connection in contradistinction to a rigid connection so that the
strains upon the shaft due to the transmission of motion are exerted only in a circular
direction. We are aware that we might fix the pulley-say for example the pulley -
upon a separate shaft in line with the shaft a and convey the motion from one shaft
to the other by means of a coupler or carrier but such an arrangement would be
more costly and complicated and less compact and we therefore have not illustrated
such an arrangement but we do not by such omission exclude or intend to exclude it
from the scope of our claims hereunder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
(1) In driving mechanism for the main cylinder of a carding engine a belt pulley
mounted to revolve upon a fixed part about concentric with the axis of revolution of
the cylinder and imparting rotatory motion to the cylinder through a coupler fixed
upon the cylinder shaft.
(2) For driving the main cylinder of a carding engine the belt pulley b mounted
upon the hollow boss c and the coupler engaging with the hub of the pulley and
fixed upon the cylinder shaft substantially as set forth and indicated.
(3) For transmitting motion from the main cylinder shaft of a carding engine to
other revolving parts of the engine a pulley or two or more pullies mounted to revolve
upon a fixed part about concentric with the axis of the cylinder and receiving rotatory
motion through a coupler or couplers fixed upon the cylinder shaft and engaging with
the pulley or pullies.
(4) For driving the taker in of a carding engine the pulley k mounted upon the
fixed hollow boss c² and engaging with the coupler g' which is fixed upon the main
cylinder shaft substantially as set forth and indicated.
(5) In driving mechanism for the taker in of a carding engine the belt pulley
revolving upon a fixed boss or shell concentric with the taker in shaft and engaging
with a coupler g² fixed upon such shaft substantially as set forth and indicated.
(6) In a carding engine the spur wheel mounted to revolve upon a fixed boss or
part concentric with the axis of the doffer shaft and engaging with a coupler fixed
upon such shaft substantially as set forth and indicated.
(7) In the transmission of rotatory motion to or from the shafts of a carding
engine cylinder mounting or fixing the fast pulley upon a part or shaft other than
the cylinder shaft but having an axis about coinciding therewith and establishing a
non rigid connection of the pulley with the shaft such connection being adapted to
transmit only rotatory movement substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 10th day of Man 1000
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.