IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOTHED WHEELS AND IN THE APPARATUS USED IN THEIR MANUFACTURE
Year: 1861

page_text: ETTERS PATENT: to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of
Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TOOTHED WHEELS AND IN THE APPARATUS USED IN THEIR MANUFACTURE."
-A communication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Buissart and Therese
T
hath of Davin
L
aled the 2nd May, 1862, and dated the 23rd November 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd November 1861.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, 'Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North..
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOTHED WHEELS AND IN THE APPARATUS USED IN THEIR
MANUFACTURE," a communication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Buissart
and Therese Leome Levesque, both of Paris, in the Empire of France, to-
be as follows:
.
"
This Invention relates to a peculiar manufacture of toothed wheels, and
pinions, and consists in moulding such- gearing from sheet india-rubber-in-
suitable moulds, the india-rubber moulded' wheel or pinion being afterwards
hardened in the manner usually adopted in making hard india-rubber articles,
-namely, by submitting the article whilst in the mould to the action of heat:
The moulds employed consist of four parts, namely, a central spindle which
forms the passage or opening through the boss of the wheel or pinion. A
cylindrical casing fitting the lower enlarged portion of the spindle and forming

page_text: the outside surface of the boss. An internally dented or toothed ring for
forming the teeth of the wheel or pinion and which rests upon the top of the
cylindrical casing, and a cap or cover which rests upon the toothed ring and
forms the face of the wheel or pinion. These parts are held firmly together
by means of a key or wedge-and holding frame, in which state the mould is
submitting to the elevated temperature required to produce the desired harden-
ing of the india-rubber. The wheel or pinion on being removed from the
mould, simply requires to be dressed or finished so as to remove any roughness
therefrom and to equalize the pitch of the teeth. A cylindrical metal bush
or tube is now inserted inside the hollow of the boss so that when the wheel
is applied to a spindle the latter will not be in contact with the india-rubber
but with the metallic lining in the boss of the wheel or pinion.
In applying these wheels or pinions to spinning and twisting machines, it is
proposed to form a shoulder on the spindle and to press the pinion against this
shoulder by a helical spring surrounding the spindle and bearing against the
boss of the pinion and against a collar on the lower part of the spindle:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd May 1862....
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; I, JOHN HENRY
JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex, and of 166,
Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, send
greeting...
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give-and-grant-unto
me, -the-said-John Henry Johnson, Her_special_license_that I, the said John
Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Henry Johnson,. my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great. Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TOOTHED WHEELS, AND IN THE APPARATUS USED IN THEIR MANU-
FACTURE," a communication, from abroad by Jean Baptiste Buissart and
33

page_text: Therese Leome Levesque, both of Paris, in the Empire of France, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, or
under the hand and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of. the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW. YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
-statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
The said. Invention relates to a peculiar manufacture of toothed wheels
and pinions, and consists in moulding such gearing from sheet india-rubber in
suitable moulds, the india-rubber moulded wheel or pinion being afterwards
hardened in the manner usually adopted in making hard india-rubber articles,
namely, by submitting the article whilst in the mould to the action of heat.
The moulds employed consist of four parts, namely, a central spindle which
forms the passage or opening through the boss of the wheel or pinion.>>: A
cylindrical casing fitting the lower enlarged portion of the spindle and forming
the outside surface of the boss. An internally dented or toothed ring for
forming the teeth of the wheel or pinion, and which rests upon the top of the
cylindrical casing, and a cáp or cover which rests upon the toothed ring and
forms the face of the wheel or pinion. These parts are held firmly together
by means of a key or wedge and holding frame, in which state the mould is
submitted to the elevated temperature required to produce the desired barden-
ing of the india-rubber. The wheel or pinion on being removed, from the
mould simply requires to be dressed or finished, so as to remove any roughness
therefrom and to equalize the pitch of the teeth. A cylindrical metal bush or
tube is now inserted inside the hollow of the boss, so that when the wheel'is
applied to a spindle the latter will. not be in contact with the india-rubber but
with the metallic lining'in the boss of the wheel or pinion. In applying these
wheels or pinions to spinning and twisting machines, it is proposed to form a
shoulder on the spindle and to press the pinion against this shoulder by a
helical spring surrounding the spindle and bearing against the boss of the
pinion and against a collar on the lower part of the spindle.
And in order that the said-Invention may be fully understood I-shall now
proceed more: particularly to describe-the-same-and- for--that-purpose I-shall -

page_text: •
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
Figures...
Figure 1 of the Drawings representsian elevation of a spindle of a spinning
frame to which is applied one of the improved' pinions.. Figure 2.is.a vertical
section of the pinion detached, and Figures 3 and 4 represent respectively, in
side elevation and vertical section, the mould adopted in making tootlied wheels
according to this Invention.
'a is the central spindle or core of the mould which forms the opening in. the
boss of the wheel. or pinion. .It is enlarged at its lower part b, which is made
convex on its upper surface so as to leave. a hollow or cup, in one end of the
boss of the pinion at 6 (see Figure 2). c is, a ring or collar which fits ac-
curately the enlarged shoulder 6 on the spindle or core arandiformis.the outer
surface of the boss of the wheel or pinion. e is a ring fitted. accurately on to
the top of the collar c and having a number of teeth formed on its inner
surface, such teeth corresponding in size and number with the spaces between
the teeth to be moulded in the wheel or pinion. On the top of this last
mentioned ring is fitted the cap or cover f. The mould is thus composed of
four parts which are all held firmly together by being placcil inside a frame ġ,
and are then tightened up by driving in a key or wedge-h between the capf
and the top of the frame, as shewn clearly. in Figure 4... By this means the
requisite. pressure is obtained for forcing the prepared caoutchouc into the
cavities of the mould, thus producing an exact counterpart thereof. The
mould with the caoutchouc contained therein is then submitted.to the desired
temperature for hardening the: caoutchouc, after which operation. the mould is
opened and the wheel or pinion withdrawn for the purpose of finishing the
-same and removing any, roughness or asperities from its surface. A thin metal
bush ki(Figure 2) is now inserted firmly into the boss of the finished wheel
or pinion; a small flange 7 being left at one end of the bush to maintain it in
its place, such flange resting on the face of the wheel or pinion: The.pinion
thus manufactured is mounted upon its spindle in the manner shown in Figure 1,
_the_pinion being forced against a shoulder_nion the spindle_by_the_action_of_
a helical spring m, the shoulder entering the concavity be in the upper end of
the boss of the pinion. The pinion gears with another pinion also made of
hardened india-rubber and actuated by the machine so as to transmit the
requisite rotatory motion to the spindle. Above the shoulder utis fitted the
wheel n' suitably secured to the spindle:It is obvious that wheels and pinions
"of all sizes and shapes may be manufactured according to this Invention and
adapted with advantage to various different kinds of machinery.

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First, the system or mode of manufacturing toothed wheels as herein-
before described.
Second, the general construction and arrangement of moulds for manu-
facturing toothed wheels of hardened india-rubber as herein-before described.
Third, the application of metallic bushes or linings to the bosses of toothed
wheels manufactured of hardened india-rubber as herein-before described.
Fourth, the peculiar application of pinions composed of hardened india-
rubber and provided with metallic bushes to the spindles of spinning machines
as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my
Specification hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day
of May, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)