Improvements in or relating to Wheel Tyres.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Apr., 1894--Accepted, 19th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Wheel Tyres.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of 54 Croppers Hill, Saint Helens,
in the County of Lancaster, Cycle Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention has reference to improvements in pneumatic tyres for the wheels
of cycles and other vehicles, and is designed to provide more effectually for
securing such tyres to wheel rims, so as to retain the tyre firmly in position,
whether inflated or otherwise, while in use, but to allow of its being readily
detached from the wheel rim when required.
.
Some pneumatic tyres as heretofore made bave been held in position by inflation
of their air tube, single wire rings being placed in the folded edges of the tyre
casing these rings being of such diameter that they could be sprung into position
over the flange of the wheel, the rim of which is of special section.
Now this invention is applicable to any wheel whose rim is suitable for a
pneumatic or the like tyre. According thereto instead of only employing a single
wire hoop or endless ring inserted in each of the folded edges of the tyre casing
I use a number of coils, say for example three coils formed of one length of wire.
The length of wire is applied as follows:-
The edge of the cover or casing of the tyre has two small holes therein at a
considerable distance apart, say such that the holes will be at opposite sides of
the wheel; into one hole one end of the wire is inserted and is passed around the
rim within the folded selvedge or edge until it has passed around the rim, about
two and a half times. The forward end of the wire is then passed through the
second opening in the casing and after measuring the length to complete the circle
is attached to the other end of the wire, there thus being together three encircling
rings, that is 2 turns within the casing and a turn outside it.
It will be understood that in securing the casing to an ordinary wheel rim the
portion of the casing containing the three rings is placed within the hollow rim
there being sufficient slack allowed by the disconnected half circle or free wire
when about flat to admit of the remaining half casing containing only the
two coils of wire being also placed in position, then the exposed portion of the
wire is drawn tight, taking up the slack in the 2 turns, and forced also within
the wheel rim.
very
It will thus be seen that by having two or more turns around the rim, only a
small amount of slack is necessary for inserting the last or exposed half turn,
and the casing whether inflated or otherwise cannot leave the wheel rim except
by drawing the exposed portion tightly and taking up the slack of the remaining
turns and slipping it off and then allowing the slack to be distributed in the
other turns.

page_text: I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the number of
turns the wire may be caused to take around the rim ; it being more or less
according to requirement.
DL 1
ст
1000
J. G. A. KITCHEN,
By L. W., per F. B.
трготощени ш or rerating to wheel Tyres.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN, late of 54 Croppers Hill, Saint
Helens, but now of Rose Grove, Ardwick, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Cycle Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to enable the outer cover of a pneumatic tyre
to be securely attached to any ordinary wheel rim, suitable for the reception of a
detachable inflated tyre, in the improved manner I will now proceed to explain by
aid of the accompanying drawings in which,
Figure 1 is a cross section of so much of a cycle wheel and tyre as is necessary
to illustrate the nature of this invention, the tyre being shown fully inflated.
Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the air tube deflated and the outer casing slack.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation on a smaller scale showing the outer casing.
Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views hereinafter referred to.
A is the ordinary outer cover of the tyre having tubular edge portions B formed
by the turned over edges of the canvas and rubber. C is the air tube and D the
wheel rim. Each of the tubular portions B of the cover A is formed with two
small holes a, a¹ (Fig. 3) arranged diametrically opposite each other. Into one
hole a is inserted one end of a wire E which is passed around within the tubular
portion B, say about two and a half times. The end of the wire is then passed
out through the second opening a¹ and after measuring off sufficient length of wire
to complete a third turn the two ends are connected, thus forming three complete
coils, two and a half turns or coils, or approximately so, being within the tubular
portion B of the cover A and the remaining half turn or coil being outside thereof.
Fig. 4 represents the three coils of wire when the tyre is detached from the
wheel rim, the dotted lines indicating the two and a half coils within the tubular
edge B of the cover and the full line the free half coil which is outside of the said
tubular edge B.
Fig. 5 similarly represents the coils of wire in their normal positions when on
the wheel rim D. The length of wire used is such that the diameter of the ring
composed of the three coils of wire when these coils are equally expanded is only
slightly larger than the smallest diameter of the wheel rim D.
A
In attaching the cover A to the wheel rim D, that portion of the cover con-
taining the three turns or portions E E E of wire is placed within the hollow
rim D, the portion E¹ of the turn which is outside the tubular portion of the cover
extending from the hole a to the hole a', diametrically across the wheel.
portion of wire equal in length to the difference between the diameter and the
semi-circumference of the wheel rim is thus left free to be equally distributed
throughout the two and a half turns of wire which are within the tubular portion B
thereby increasing the diameter of these turns and enabling the remaining half
of the cover, that is to say the half containing only two coils or portions E E
(Fig. 4), to be slipped over the enlarged portion or flange of the rim D.
exposed portion E₁ of the wire is then drawn tight so as to take up the slack in
the two and a half turns which is just sufficient to allow of the exposed portion
The

page_text: of the wire being slipped over the wheel flange into the positions shown in Figs. 1
and 2 when the tyre is ready for inflation. As the tyre is inflated the three
complete coils of wire regulate themselves so as to have an equal tension throughout
the rings.
It will thus be seen that by constructing the wire ring of a number of turns or
coils, only a very small amount of slack is necessary to enable the last or exposed
half turn of wire to be inserted in the wheel rim, and also that wheel rims having
very little flange may be used, there being by this arrangement no liability of the
casing leaving the wheel rim whether inflated or not.
To detach the tyre from the wheel rim the air tube is deflated, one side of the
casing is moved away from the edge of the wheel rim as shown in Fig. 2, and the
portion of wire E is then drawn tight and passed over the flange or projecting
edge of the wheel rim, after which the slack is free to become distributed
throughout the other turns. The tyre can, then be easily removed from the wheel
rim as will be readily understood. The wire may be made of any suitable
material such as steel, phosphor bronze or the like, and the two ends may be
securely connected together in any suitable manner as when once connected they
remain so.
I find for ordinary cycle wheels three turns are most suitable for
attaching the covers and tyres but the number of turns may be varied to suit
requirements.
In some
cases one edge only of the outer cover may be provided with an
expansible wire ring such as described, the other edge being permanently or
otherwise secured to the wheel rim.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I an aware of
the existence of the Patents granted to Guest No. 21,362 Nov. 23, 1892 and to
Guest and Barrow No. 2,820 Feb. 8, 1893 and I would have it understood that I do
not claim the inventions patented to them, but subject thereto what I claim is :-
1. For securing a pneumatic tyre to a wheel rim, an outer cover having a
tubular edge or edges provided or each provided with continuous turns or coils
formed of one length of wire, a portion of one of the said turns or coils being
outside of the tubular edge of the cover and the other portion of the turn or
coil, as well as the remaining complete turn or coil or turns or coils, being
within the said tubular edge substantially as herein described for the purpose
specified.
2. My improved wheel tyre with cover constructed substantially as described
and shown.