IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL, SILK, COTTON, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nicholas Nussey, of Holbeck, Leeds, in the County of
York, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL, SILK, COTTON, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 9th August 1861, and dated the 16th February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nicholas Nussey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th February 1861.
I, NICHOLAS NUSSEY, of Holbeck, Leeds, in the County of York, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL, SILK, COTTON, FLAX, OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new method of, and apparatus for separating the
long wool or fibres, from the short fibres or "noil," and the said apparatus
is constructed and worked in the following manner:-An oscillating head,
provided with two jaws or combs, or a brush and comb, for holding the lock
of wool or other fibrous substance, and a pair of floted rollers for feeding the
latter to the said jaws or combs, is mounted in a suitable manner, and caused
to vibrate backwards and forwards by means of a crank and arm, or other
suitable gear. In front of this oscillating head is a set of travelling combs,
actuated by screws or otherwise, and travelling forwards to a pair of flated

page_text: delivering rollers for drawing off the long fibres in a continuous sliver. The
oscillating head has also a rising and falling motion, imparted to it by a cam
or otherwise, so as to lash the lock of wool or other fibrous substance on to
the travelling combs, and there is a "dabbing brush," for dabbing or pressing
the fibres into the teeth of the said travelling combs. I may here remark that
for some purposes sheets or cylinders of card teeth may be used instead of
the travelling combs.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The fluted feeding rollers having
supplied a lock of wool, or other fibrous substance, to the jaws or combs, the
latter are closed by a cam, so as to nip or hold the fibres firmly. As the
head approaches the travelling combs, it is caused to descend also so as to lay
the fibres on to the travelling comb, the "dabbing brush," descending at the
same time, and pressing the wool or fibres into the teeth. The head then
recedes and draws out or separates the fibres, the jaws are then made to open
and the fluted rollers to revolve so as to furnish them with a fresh "lock" of
wool or other fibrous material, when the jaws again close and the head
approaches the travelling combs as before, but in the meantime these combs
have been advancing towards the fluted delivering rollers, the full combs
having advared, and an empty one taken the place nearest the oscillating
head so that the fluted delivering rollers draw the wool or other fibres off the
differ combs in succession in one edless sliver. As each comb is freed
ofs long fibre, it falls down, taking the "noil" or short fibre with it out to
a slide below where it is cleaned by a revolving brush, and then taken back
by a crank arm, or a quick-threaded screw, and raised again in front of the jaws
to receive a fresh supply of wool.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Nicholas Nussey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NICHOLAS
NUSSEY, of Holbeck, Leeds, in the County of York, Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Nicholas Nussey, Her special licence that I, the said Nicholas Nussey, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other as I, the said Nicholas

page_text: Nussey, my executors, administrators, and assigns should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
PREPARING AND COMBING WOOL, SILK, COTTON, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Nicholas
Nussey, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nicholas Nussey, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Drawings, that
is to say:-
This Invention relates to a new method of and apparatus for separating the
long wool or fibres from the short fibres or "noil," and the said apparatus
is constructed and worked in the following manner :-An oscillating bead pro-
vided with two jaws or combs, or a brush and comb, for holding the lock of
wool or other fibrous substance, and a pair of fluted rollers for feeding the
latter to the said jaws or combs, is mounted in a suitable manner, and caused
to vibrate backwards and forwards by means of a crank and arm or other
suitable gear. In front of this oscillating head is a set of travelling combs
actuated by screws or otherwise, and travelling forwards to a pair of fluted
delivering rollers for drawing off the long fibres in a continuous sliver. The
oscillating head has also a rising and falling motion imparted to it by a cam
or otherwise, so as to lash the lock of wool or other fibrous substance on to
the travelling combs, and there is a " dabbing brush," for dabbing or pressing
the fibres into the teeth of the said travelling combs. I may here remark
that for some purposes sheets or cylinders of card teeth may be used instead of
the travelling combs.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for " Improvements
in Machinery for Preparing and Combing Wool, Silk, Cotton, Flax, or other
Fibrous Substances," I will now proceed to describe the manner in which the
same is to be or may be performed or carried-into practical effect. And in order
that the same may be distinctly understood I have annexed hereunto three Sheets

page_text: of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures and
letters of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation
thereof, that is to say :-
The Drawings are made to a geometrical scale of about four inches to a foot,
and similar letters refer to corresponding parts in all the Figures.
In Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a side elevation of the machine, and in Sheet 2,
Figure 2, is a transverse section of the same.
A, A, is the main frame of the machine; B, the guide plate with holes for
the sliver to pass through; C, the oscillating head; D, the top bar, fixed on
the slide rod P by two nuts p; E, E, the connecting arms, which connect the
head with the crank s on one side of the machine, and with the wheel G on
the other side of the machine by means of the studs a fixed in the wheel and
crank, the crank and wheel being keyed fast on the shaft b, which causes the head
to oscillate; HI, II, are eccentrics, keyed fast on the shaft c, inside the slides
I, I, which are fitted on the ends of the bearings J, J, which are bolted fast
to the inside of the main frame, and form the bearings for the shaft c; and
inside the eccentrics H, H, are two-cams K, K, which are also keyed fast on
the shaft c, in such a position as to work with the eccentric, and allow the
jaws or combs to open at the proper time. The cams K, K, revolve in contact
with the antifriction bowl L, fitted on the stud d, which stud is fixed fast into
the slots at the bottom, end of the slides M, M, by means of the nuts e. At
the top end of these slides are fixed the bearings N, N, which carry the
wooden rollers O, O, which are fluted, so as to deliver the wool with certainty,
the top roller being held down by small spiral springs o', o', in the ordinary
way, as shown in the Drawings; f is a catch wheel, made fast on the bottom
roller Og is the conductor or mouth-piece for the wool to pass through,
which is fixed to the bottom jaw or comb h, which latter is cranked forward
(so as to pass betwixt the springs, and allow it to come close up to the
comb,) and secured fast to the slides M, M; i is the top jaw or comb, fitted
on the top bar D. The flat spring j, which slips on the screw k, fixed into tho
top bar, puts a pressure on the top jaw and allows the jaw to give way a little,
if required, the pressure being regulated by screwing down the brass nut I.
The spring m is fixed to the top bar D, in such a way that when the jaws
open it comes in contact with the catch wheel f, moving the rollers 0, 0,
forward. The catch n, held in the wheel by the spring o, fixed on the lower
ends of the bearings N, N, holds the wheel and prevents the rollers from
running backwards. The rods P, P, pass through the slides M, M, and are
fixed to the bosses of the inner slide Q, Q, by means of a gib and cotter (as
shown in the Drawings), which slide inside the outer slide I, I, the latter

page_text: being held in its place by suitable V slides. The inner slide Q, Q, is provided
with suitable openings for the excentrics to run in, so as to raise and lower the
oscillating head. The screws q, q, are tapped in the flanges of the bearings
J, J, the points resting on the top flange of the frame, so as to raise and
lower the head at pleasure. The bevil wheels r, r, keyed on the shaft b, drive
the shaft R inside the machine. The spur wheels s', keyed fast on the shaft R,
gear with the spur wheels t fixed on the end of the shaft of the upper pair
of screws R, thereby moving the combs u, u; the combs being fitted into the
threads of the screws (which are provided with cams, slides, and springs or
rulers, as in ordinary screw gill machinery), are carried forward to the fluted
drawing off rollers V, V, which are provided with an endless leather sheet Z,
and a stretching roller a', the bottom roller V being fitted on the bearing V',
fixed to the frame side A, the top roller V being fitted into the brass fixing x,
fitted to the fixing y, which is screwed fast to the screw block I, and allows
the brass fixing to move round the bottom roller V, so as to bring the nip of
the rollers nearer to or further from the travelling comb, and the wool is thus
drawn off in the form of an endless sliver or ribbon, and is either wound into
balls, as shown in the Drawings, or run into cans in the ordinary way; the
noil or short fibres being left in the travelling comb u.
made to descend by means of the cams b' fixed in the top screws, and in
descending into the slide 3 below it takes the noil or short fibres with it, the
slide being provided with a small recess y³ for the comb to rest in; the slide
receding turns the comb flat down on one side, the comb coming in contact
with the circular rotary brush c¹, fitted on the bearings d', fixed to the main
frame A, which cleans the noil and dirt out of the comb; the slides g³ at the
same time receding by the action of the crank o³, fixed on the shaft p³, con-
nected to the slide by the connecting rod, the comb is thus carried to the
other end of the slides, when by means of the levers & fitted on the studs Z³,
connected to the levers u³, fitted on the shaft V₁ by the connecting rods t³; the
other end of the lever u³ coming in contact with the cams V' fixed on the
shaft p turns the comb up again, and by the cams e' fixed on the lower
shaft R it is lifted up to the screws R, to receive the wool or other fibre, as
before described. The pinion W on the shaft V₁, in the middle of the frame
gives motion to the wheel X, which causes the shaft p³ to revolve, thereby
giving motion to the cams and slides, as before described.
The comb is now
The circular brush c revolving at a quicker speed than the card roller f¹,
(fitted on the bearings g¹ and fixed to the flange of the main frame A,) takes
the uoil from the brush c and the wooden roller h¹ covered with leather, fitted
on the bearing it, fixed on the top edge of the main frame A, revolving at a

page_text: quicker speed than the card roller and meeting the back of the card teeth
cleans the card roller of the noil or short fibre which falls down into a can or
other convenient receptacle.
Or instead of the circular brush arrangement above described, the arrange-
ment shown in Figure 10 (Sheet 3) may be employed.
1 is a brush fixed on a bracket 2, attached (so as to be capable of adjustment)
to the upper end of a lever 3, the lower end of which is connected by a crank
pin to a spur wheel 4, driven by a similar wheel 5, keyed upon the shaft j'.
This lever has a slot 6, near its centre, which slides on a pin 7, which is capable
of adjustment in the bracket 8, bolted to the framing A; 9 is a roller, having
four combs scrowed upon it, and 10 is a roller provided with two strips of
leather 11, 11. These rollers 9 and 10 are driven from the spur wheel M' by
means of the spur gearing 12, 12.
As the comb or gill u falls, the brush 1 rises and takes the noil from the
teeth or pins; it then passes over and delivers the noil on to the combs of the
roller 9, which in their turn are stripped by the action of the leather strips 11,
on the roller 10, revolving at double the velocity of the roller 9.
The block I forms the bearing of the front end, and n³, n', the bearing of
the back end of the screws R, R, in the ordinary way. m³ is a block fixed to
the main frame, which assists the front block I³ in forming a support for the
screws R, R. The internal cam S, S, is fixed to the shaft j', which has its
bearings in the main frame A; the lever T is fitted on a stud fixed in the slot
in the frame foot. The antifriction bowl k inside the internal cam is provided
with a stud fixed in a slot in the lever T, which stud is fixed in the slot at the
end of the lever in such a manner that the stroke of the brush can be regu-
lated at pleasure.
The lever V fixed on the shaft I' is connected to the lever T by the con-
necting rod U, as shown in Figure 1, Sheet 1. The brush arms are made in
three pieces; the parts W are fixed on the shaft l'inside the frame ; the
middle parts m³ to which is fixed the brush n' by the pins and spiral springs
o', o, at each corner of the brush, slide between two flanges in the part W,
and are thus capable of adjustment; the brush p' fixed to the slides q', which
slide jointly or separately by means of the slides m', allow the brush p² also to
be regulated to suit the work required to be operated upon. The shaft l' is
supported by the bearings X fixed to the brackets Y, which are mounted on
the frame side and support the stretching roller a¹. The small tappet r¹ fixed
into the internal cam S, S, causes the brush p¹ to descend to the bottom of the
travelling comb, the brush n' at the same time resting on ledges inside the
screw covers provided to receive it, the spiral springs o¹, o', giving way while

page_text: the brush descends. Z is a small fan fixed to the bar A', which bolts the frame
together; B¹ is a tin pipe soldered fast to the conductor g, and fixed to the
bottom jaw of the oscillating head. There are holes in the lower side of the
conductor and a mouthpiece placed under the lower jaw, to allow the current
of air to pass under the ends of the wool or fibre and carry it straight over the
travelling comb. The fan Z and tin pipe B' are connected by a leather pipe
C', to allow the head to oscillate and keep up the current of air; y³ is a slide
to regulate the current of air.
Instead of the draught of air above described for taking the ends of the wool
as it is fed by the rollers o, o, and carrying it straight over the gills or combs u,
a lever may be employed furnished with a cross bar at the top. The lever
vibrates on a pin at its centre, connected to an oscillating arm, and its lower
end is connected by a pin to an elliptical spur wheel, driven by a similar wheel
on the shaft c.
The action of this is, that as soon as the rollers commence to feed the wool,
the cross bar lifts up the ends of the wool, and after drawing them forward,
falls down out of the way of the oscillating head, with which it goes back, and
then rises again to receive another lock of wool, and so on.
Where wool of a very long staple is to be combed, the arrangement shewn
in Figure 9 (Sheet 3) may be employed.
Upon the bracket Y is mounted a roller 18, over which endless chains
14, 14, pass, the said chains also passing round a roller 15. On the axis of
the roller 13 is keyed a pulley 16, round which a chain 17 passes, the chain
being made fast to the pulley, and being also fastened at its upper end to the
lever V, and at its lower end to the lever T. The chains 14, 14, carry a trans-
verse bar 18 between them. As the lever V (and the dabbing brush) rises,
the chain 17 acting on the pulley 16 causes the chains 14, 14, to advance the
bar 18, and receive the ends of the lock of wool as it issues from the feeding
rollers o, o, and as the lever V falls, the bar 18 accordingly recedes and bears
the wool with it, allowing the wool to fall on to the combs or gills, and itself
getting out of the way before the descent of the dabbing brush n'.
Motion is given to the machine by means of a leather belt on the driving
pulley E (Figures 1 and 2) on the shaft V which has its bearings on the
frame side. The pinion F1 gears with the wheel G, causing the head C
to oscillate. When the head recedes the sliver or ribbon falls down, and
the board u prevents the sliver from coming into contact with the pulley P¹
on the shaft V which gives motion to the fan by means of the belt and
small pulley Q. The pinion G' gearing with the wheel H' fitted with
suitable stud and fixed in the slot in the frame side (Figure 2) gears also

page_text: with the wheel I' on the shaft c, in the bearings J, J, giving motion to the
eccentric H and raises and lowers the oscillating head. The wheel I' gearing
with the wheel J', and J¹ gearing with K' on the shaft, gives motion to
the internal cam S (in Figure 1) which raises and lowers the brush, when
it descends into the points of the travelling comb and rests upon the ledges
as before described, a small slip of vulcanized indian-rubber or a spring
being placed betwixt the brush and the ledge. The wheel L' inside the
wheel J is a change wheel to regulate the speed of the drawing off rollers.
The stud wheels M₁ and N¹ gear with the wheel O' and give motion to
the fluted rollers V. The pinion a³ and stud wheel and the wheel c² give
motion to the brush c. The pinion and the wheel give motion to
the card roller f¹. The wheel f³, the wheel 9, and the pinion h², give
motion to the leather roller. The stud wheels are fixed to the frame by
means of suitable studs and stud plates as shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 3, (Sheet 3) represents an arrangement of endless sheets and
combs used in the preparing of wool; a³ is a comb fitted to the top jaw,
provided with a wide chamber to allow the bottom jaw h to pass betwixt
the teeth of the comb; is a bracket fixed to the sliver plate ³; j³ a
thin plate fixed to the bracket ; g³, a wooden roller; 6 an endless sheet
passing over the lower wooden roller o, and over the wooden roller g³, and on
the top side of the thin plate 3; c³is a second endless sheet passing over
the top roller o and over the wooden roller ; this sheet being shorter than
the endless sheet ; h³ is a guide plate to keep the wool or other fibre from
running off the sides of the endless sheet b³. The wool being filled on the
endless sheet 6, passes betwixt the roliers e³ and d, and is thus carried
forward betwixt the two sheets to the oscillating head C; f³ is another
wooden roller to keep up the lower side of the sheet 63, so that when the
head recedes that part of the sheets c³ and ³ falls down together and keeps
the wool in a proper form to be carried forward, motion being given to the
sheets by the rollers o, o, as described in combing. Figure 4 is an enlarged
view of the combs u, u, shewn in Figure 2; Figure 5 is a cross section of
the same combs, with bent teeth; Figure 6 is another cross section showing
the comb teeth set perpendicularly. I is a small steel bar fitted in the
chamber of the comb and fixed to the round pins m³ which pass through
each end of the comb bar in such a manner that when the comb descends,
the pins m³ rest on the bottom slides, and by means of the bar 13 lift the
noil to the top of the teeth to be taken away by the circular brush. This
will only be required in certain kinds of fibres. Figure 7 is another cross
section with straight pins set obliquely which also shows in dotted lines the

page_text: end of the comb bar; Figure 8 is another cross section shewing the pins set
obliquely and bent. The operation of the machine is as follows:-The wool
or other fibrous material is taken from balls or cans in the form of ribbons
or slivers, as most convenient, and passed through a pair of wooden rollers
or a guide plate, fixed on the back part of the machine as best suited for
the material to be acted upon. It is then passed forward to the oscillating
head through the guide plate and betwixt the fluted rollers through the
conductor and betwixt the jaws or combs. The oscillating head being
placed behind the travelling combs, the head is inade to descend when close
to the travelling comb, and at the same time the dabbing brush descends,
putting the wool or other fibres straight (full length of the fibres protruding
from the jaws or comb) into the travelling combs, and the brush then remains
stationary a little below the points of the pins. The head next recedes,
leaving the loose wool or other fibres in the teeth of the travelling comb,
and taking away with it that which is fast in the jaws or combs. Tho small
portion of the dabbing brush is now made to descend to the bottom of the
travelling comb, putting the noil down to the bottom of the comb. The
brush is then made to rise up out of the way of the comb, and the fibres
protruding from the jaws or combs are thus left in a combed state; the
jaws or combs are now made to open, and by this motion of the jaws or
combs the fluted rollers are caused to move partly round, putting another
portion of the wool or other fibres forward through the opening in the
jaws or combs, when the oscillating head is then raised up above the
travelling combs. The jaws are again closed, and advancing to the travelling
combs (a current of air at the same time blowing through suitable openings
underneath and on each side of the protruding fibres) and carry the wool
or other fibres straight over the travelling combs. In the meantime the
travelling combs having advanced towards the drawing off rollers, the head
and dabbing brush descend together, at the same time putting the wool
or other fibres straight into the travelling combs as before. The combed
portion of the wool or other fibres is laid on the top of the other layer of
fibres already in the travelling combs, and the last end of the fibres together
with the noil or short fibres is left in the clean comb. By thus acting upon
the wool or other fibres, that is, delivering small portions at a time, and drawing
the bibres often through the teeth of the travelling combs, the fibres thus
filled on the travelling combs lie straight (full length of the fibre) in the
teeth of the combs till drawn off, and the long and short wool being drawn
off together a far better result is obtained then in other combing machines
in use at the present time. This operation continued brings tho wool or

page_text: other fibres forward to the drawing off rollers, and thus the wool or other
fibres material is drawn off in an endless sliver or ribbon which is either
wound into balls or run into cans as most convenient.
The drawing off rollers are provided with suitable draft so as to clear the
fibres of the lower or under layer of wool, out of the comb before the comb
leaves the wool. The combs are by means of cans as in ordinary screw gill
machinery then made to descend successively to the slide below, taking
the noil or short fibre with them, the slides being provided with small recesses
for the comb to rest in. The slides receding, turn the comb down on one
side, the comb coming in contact with a circular rotary brush, which cleans
the noil and dirt out of the comb, the slides all the time receding by the action
of suitable cranks and connecting rods, attached to the slides as shewn in the
.Drawing. The comb is thus carried to the other end of the slides, when by
means of a lever fixed on a suitable stud connected by a connecting rod
to the lower lever, the other end of the lever coming in contact with the cams
on the same shaft as the cranks, turn the combs up again, and another pair
of cams on the lower shaft lifts the clean comb up into the screw above,
to receive the noil or short fibre as before.
The circular brush having thus cleaned the comb of noil or short fibres
revolves quicker than the card roller, which takes the noil off the brush, and
thus by means of a roller covered with leather, and revolving rather quicker
than the card roller, and meeting the back of the card teeth, the card roller
is cleared of the noil which falls down into a can prepared to receive it. As
the comb recedes in the slide below the screws, it passes over a series of
jets of gas, a steam box, or charcoal box, as is most convenient, where the
combs are to be heated or not at pleasure, to suit the work to be operated
upon.
When the machine is used as a preparing machine, I take away the guide
plate, and fix suitable rollers, and provide suitable leather, or other endless
sheets behind the oscillating head, passing the sheets over the fluted rollers in
the oscillating head in such a way that the lowest sheet is the longest, so
that the wool or other fibre is put upon this part of the sheets, and then
passing betwixt the sheets it is carried forward to the oscillating head, and put
through as in the combing machine, motion being given to the sheets by
the fluted roller in the oscillating head. When the head recedes, the two
sheets fall down together, keeping the wool or other fibre in a proper position
to be acted upon. In this case the noil or short fibre passes forward
with the long fibre, and is drawn off through the travelling combs by
the drawing off rollers, as in the combing machine.

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, for
"Improvements in Machinery for Preparing and Combing Wool, Silk, Cotton,
Flax, or other Fibrous Substances," together with the manner in which the
same is to bo or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would
remark in conclusion, that I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the particular details shewn in the Drawings and above described,
or any mere modification thereof, but what I claim as my Invention is,-
Firstly, feeding the wool or other fibrous material by means of an oscillating
head, or other suitable mechanical arrangement on to a travelling comb or
combs (or a flexible sheet or cylinder furnished with pins or teeth,) thereby
placing the wool or other fibrous material, tuft upon tuft, straight, and the full
length of the fibres into the comb teeth, the clean fibres always being laid
over the top of the noil, and uncleaned end of the fibres previously laid, the
fibres thus filled on being drawn through the pins or teeth, and leaving the
noil in the teeth.
Secondly, I claim the use in such machinery for preparing and combing
wool, or other fibrous substances, of combs with teeth set obliquely or bent
(or both oblique and bent) as shown at Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 in the
Drawings.
Thirdly, I claim the combination in such or similar machines of two or
more pairs of cams or of eccentrics and cams on the same shaft for moving the
oscillating head, and opening and closing the jaws at the proper times as
required.
And, fourthly, I claim taking the travelling combs of such machines back
to the other end of the screw by means of slides & levers, as shown in the
Drawings, and above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nicholas Nussey, have hercunto set
my hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
NICHOLAS
NUSSEY
(7) KISSAN SVIOHSIN