Antimony for Use in Dyeing and Calico-printing.
Year: 1885

page_text: Antimony for Use in Dyeing and Calico-printing.
I, GEORGE WATSON Junior of 16 East Nelson Street Glasgow in the county of
Lanark, North Britain, Chemist do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF OBTAINING BATHS OF CHLORIDE OF ANTIMONY FOR USE
IN DYEING AND CALICO-PRINTING to be as follows:-
Having obtained the antimony in the form of trichloride, if water be added to
this; in order to produce a bath of any required strength; basic compounds are
formed unless a sufficient quantity of free acid be present or be added, and the
bath is thereby rendered less efficient or useless. In order to avoid this, I make
use of an addition of chloride of sodium, dissolved in the water used for dilution;
in quantity sufficient to prevent the formation of basic compounds. In place of
chloride of sodium; chloride of potassium or chloride of magnesium or a mixture
of any two or all of them may be used.

page_text: AF
Antimony for Use in Dyeing and Calico Printing.
I GEORGE WATSON Junior of 16 East Nelson Street, Glasgow in the County of
Lanark North Britain Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention has for its object to effect the obtaining of baths of chloride of
antimony for use in dyeing and calico printing, in such a manner as to avoid the
formation of basic compounds. For instance, assuming the antimony to have been
obtained in the form of trichloride: if water be added to this in order to produce
a bath of any required strength, basic compounds as above mentioned will be formed
unless a sufficient quantity of free acid be used, or added, and the efficiency of the
bath will thereby be very considerably reduced if not indeed rendered useless.
Now, in accordance with the improved method according to my Invention
I proceed as follows, I make use of or employ as an addition, chloride of sodium
dissolved in the water used for dilution; and in. quantity sufficient to prevent the
formation of basic compounds.
Instead however of employing chloride of sodium as the additional agent afore-
said, I may in lieu thereof use chloride of potassium, or chloride of magnesium; or,
a mixture of any two, or of all, of said agents aforesaid, may be used.
In carrying out my Invention, I. wish it to be understood in connection with the
modus operandi, that the following are the details necessary to be observed in
order to ensure perfect retention of the antimony in solution.
Firstly If either chloride of sodium or chloride of potassium be used singly to
produce a bath; then, the amount of these used, must be sufficient to saturate, at
the ordinary temperature the water taken.
Secondly: The chloride of antimony in solution in water, must contain a certain
amount of free hydrochloric acid, if solutions of chloride of sodium, or chloride of
potassium be used. If the chloride of antimony is exactly normal, I find that an
amount equal to one half of the acid already combined with the antimony is
sufficient when a solution of chloride of sodium, prepared as above, is used as the
diluting medium; also, that the same result is obtained when instead of employing
chloride of sodium, chloride of ammonium is employed, prepared as above and used
as the diluting medium.
Thirdly: If the bath be prepared with chloride of magnesium, no addition of
free hydrochloric acid is necessary, and the solution does not require to be saturated
with this salt. I find that 62 parts of crystallised chloride of magnesium in
100 parts of water is sufficient to prevent any precipitation of basic compounds;
'but, more than this may be used if desired.
Fourthly: By a suitable mixture of chloride of sodium; and chloride of
magnesium, the presence of free hydrochloric acid may likewise be dispensed
with. One such mixture, of several which might be used, consists of 30 parts
chloride of sodium, 20 parts chloride of magnesium in crystals, and enough
water to form a fully saturated solution at the ordinary temperature of the air,

page_text: Similarly, mixtures may be formed of chloride of magnesium, with chloride of
ammonium, or chloride of potassium.
Fifthly: The solution of metallic chloride must first be prepared and the chloride
of antimony in aqueous solution (previously mixed if necessary with the required
quantity of hydrochloric acid) be added thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The use of solutions of the chlorides of sodium, potassium, or magnesium or of
mixtures of any two or all of them, as media for diluting chloride of antimony,
which may, or may not, contain free hydrochloric acid; substantially in the
manner and for the purposes herein set forth.