Fringe-ribbons to be Used in the Manufacture of Imitation Smyrna Carpets.
Year: 1885

page_text: αγραιωνας
Fringe-ribbons to be Used in the Manufacture of Imitation
Smyrna Carpets.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declaré,
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Smyrna carpets were manufactured hitherto on a loom with a fixed warp
without any mechanical contrivance. The pile material was knotted over the
needles and cut open by withdrawing the latter thus forming the nap.
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for enabling the
manufacture of the said carpets to be carried out in a thoroughly mechanical way.
For this purpose ribbons are first manufactured as shewn in Fig. 2 of sheet 1 of
the accompanying drawings by means of special apparatua. These ribbons, which
will hereinafter called "fringe-ribbons," are then shot in the warp so that sewing
or other means of fixing is no longer necessary.
°
In carpets with the same height of pile and manufactured according to the new
method, about 25% of the material will be saved, namely that portion which
hitherto was used for knots. The number of colours and the sequence and
arrangement of the same according to a given pattern is not limited by the new
method as will be shewn hereinafter.
The apparatus for carrying out the new method are represented in the sheets
I, II and III of the accompanying drawings. The figures to 7 represent the
apparatus for manufacturing the above said fringe-ribbon and the figures 8 to 13
shew a contrivance for weaving the ribbon with an unlimited number of colours
without any loss of material.
For manufacturing a ribbon (see fig. 2) about 6 bobbins are placed upon a
frame R (see fig. 1 of sheet I) and the warps fff are guided over the rollers 'a b'c
d and e, underneath the beam g and from here into the healds E. From the
healds E the warps pass through the fixed reed into the apparatus A (fig. 1)
represented in different views in full size in the figs. 3 to 7 of the sheet II.
Several apparatus like A corresponding to the number of ribbons, are mounted

page_text: The apparatus A consists of the following three principal parts:
1) the plough B.
2) the slide C.
3) the pile catcher D..
The plough B has the form shewn in the drawing; its purpose is to cut the
shoot, this being effected by withdrawing the plough, the thread being lodged
between the edge of the plough and the bridle which is provided with a slot.
The slide C (fig. 7) which can move to and fro, has on its front side, a shaft m
provided on its lower part with a cam n. The upper part of the shaft is provided
with a small crank o in which catches the spring p. In the figures 3, 4, and 5,
the slide C is shown in its forward position, while the slide is withdrawn in the
figures 6 and 7.
When the
In withdrawing the slide C, the cam n, which is lodged in an indent of the frame
of the apparatus A, turns with the shaft m and uncovers the said indent.
slide moves forward, the spring p causes the shaft m to rotate and consequently
also the cam n which is thus replaced in the position shewn in the figures 3, 4
and 5. The slide-C is put in motion by the pivot q.
The pile catcher D consists of a double armed lever which has its fulcrum at r.
The motion of the three principal parts B, O and D of the apparatus A is produced
at the required moment by an eccentric or a lever.
The working of the apparatus for manufacturing a ribbon as shewn in the
figure 2 is as follows.
It is assumed that a part of the ribbon, as shewn for instance in fig. 2, be
finished and placed under the toothed wheels 8 upon the base-plate of the
apparatus A. In order to form a new loop, a thread of the weft is lodged in
the shed and brought by the fork-shaped reed H under the bridle, whereupon
the shed is changed. The plough B is now withdrawn whereby the thread is cut.
As the distance apart of the several apparatus A is equal to the double of the
height of the pile which is to be obtained, the thread of the weft is cut into
pieces the number of which corresponds to the number of the apparatus (see x
in fig. 2).
In cutting the thread of the weft, the pile-catcher D is in the position shewn in
dotted lines in fig. 3; the slide C is in its withdrawn position (fig. 7). After the
thread of the weft has been cut, the slide moves forward into the position shewn
in the figures 3 and 4, the cam n of the slide bending the thread ( in fig. 2) into
the shed. In this bent position, the thread is held by the bent front end of the
pile catcher, which rocks on its axis v and presses the thread against the base-
plate of the apparatus and retains it. The thread. having been bent in this way
into a shape (the piece x of fig. 2 being brought into the position indicated in
dotted lines) the shed is changed again by means of treadles, whereby the loop
becomes bound by the warps. The above described operation is repeated when
another thread is shot in. Corresponding to the number of the apparatus A, an
equal number of ribbons which agree in colour etc. is obtained at the same time.
From the apparatus A the ribbons pass over the guiding rollers ttt and the
regulator to the disc roller w from which the finished ribbons are wound off for
further utilisation. The number of colours for the ribbons to be manufactured is
not limited, but some special arrangements are necessary for obtaining this
purpose.
By the method of changing the shuttles by means of shuttle boxes, which was
hitherto in use, the number of colours is limited, and on the other hand this
method involves a loss of material. The hereinafter described contrivance allows
of the greatest variety of colours without any loss of material.
This construction is shewn in the figures 8-13 of sheet III. Two plates a¹ b¹
are perforated in such a way that the tubes cl cc, passed through the holes of
:

page_text: the two plates, if extented, would intersect each other at the same point; that is
to say, the tubes, when moved in a certain direction, strike all with their front
end against the same point (see figs. 8 and 9); the inner ends of the tubes are
provided with cords or chains e' which are guided over the rollers f¹. By pulling
on a cord e¹ the corresponding tube is moved forward, it being withdrawn into its
first position by the spring d¹ when the cord is released. From the rollers g¹ g¹ gl
the threads of different colours are introduced into the tubes c¹ c¹ so that each tube
receives one thread. On the front ends of the tubes cc, the threads project
somewhat, so that it is possible to catch them by means of the tweezer afterwards
described.
The apparatus is mounted on the side of the loom, and at each throw of the
weft, the corresponding thread, the tube of which is moved forward, is caught by
the tweezer and drawn into the shed, whereby the threads are wound off from the
rollers g¹ g¹ g. The tubes c¹ c' or the different threads are put in motion by the
contrivance shewn in the figures 10 and 11. The cord or chain e' of the different
tubes is connected with a lever h¹ which is provided with a hook i¹. The latter
can be moved by means of the bar k¹ against the slide moved up and down by
means of the cam n¹ and the rod m².
When the bar k¹ is pressed down, the hook catches into the slide, which
draws the hook and with it the lever h¹ downwards. The cord e¹ is connected
with the lever h¹ so that in moving. the lever h¹, the tube c¹ connected there with is
pushed forward for shooting in the corresponding thread. Each tube c¹is connected
with a lever-mechanism h¹¹ k¹. The upper button of the forcing lever k¹ bears
a number marking a certain colour, so that the workman will be able to throw
any desired weft by pressing upon the corresponding button. The slide moves
regularly up and down and catches the hook ¹ which has been approached. The
spring of disengages the hook. Instead of moving the forcing lever with the hand,
a Jacquard contrivance may be applied for pressing down the lever corresponding
to the colour required.
The above mentioned tweezers for introducing the thread drawn out of the
tubes into the weft is shewn in the figures 12 and 13. A rack q is moved
to and fro between the warps by worm wheels p¹ pl p¹ put in motion by rack
and pinion. On the front end of the rack q' is a tweezer r catching the thread
of the tube c¹ and pulling the same by its backward motion into the shed, as
shewn in fig. 12; when the rack q¹ has arrived in its extreme position, the
tweezer is opened by striking against the cam s¹. When the rack returns, the
tweezer slides from the cam s¹, is closed, and pulls the nipped thread into the
shed. The thread after having passed through the shed is cut off a short distance
in front of the orifice of the tube cc whereupon the tube returns into its first
position.
No claim is intended to be made in respect of the apparatus above described
with reference to Sheet III of the drawings.
ow
COLL 100F
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane
in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Smyrna carpets were manufactured hitherto on a loom with a fixed warp without
any mechanical contrivance. The pile material was knotted over the needles and
cut open by withdrawing the latter thus forming the nap.
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for enabling the
manufacture of the said carpets to be carried out in a thoroughly mechanical way.
For this purpose ribbons are first manufactured as shewn in Fig. 2 of the
accompanying drawings by means of a special apparatus. These ribbons, which
will hereinafter be called "fringe-ribbons," are then shot in the warp so that sewing
or other means of fixing is no longer necessary.
In carpets with the same height of pile and manufactured according to the new
method, about 25% of the material will be saved, namely that portion which
hitherto was used for knots. The number of colours and the sequence and
arrangement of the same according to a given pattern is not limited by the new
method as will be shewn hereinafter.
The apparatus for carrying out the new method are represented in the sheets I II
and III of the accompanying drawings. The figures 1 to 7 represent the apparatus
for manufacturing the above said fringe-ribbon and the figures 8 to 13 shew a
contrivance for weaving the ribbon with an unlimited number of colours without
any loss of material.
For manufacturing a ribbon. (see fig. 2) about 6 bobbins are placed upon a
frame R (see fig. 1 of sheet I) and the warps fff are guided over the rollers a b c d
and e, underneath the beam g and from here into the healds E. From the healds E
the warps pass through the fixed reed F into the apparatus A (fig. 1) represented
in different views in full size in the figs. 3 to 7 of the sheet I. Several apparatus
like A corresponding to the number of ribbons, are mounted one near the other at
a distance equal to the double of the height of the pile. Several warps (4 or 6)
are introduced' into each of these apparatus.
The apparatus A consists of the following three principal parts:
1, the plough B.
2 the slide C

page_text: on its lower part with a cam n. The upper part of the shaft is provided with a
small crank o in which catches the spring p. In the figures 3, 4 and 5, the
slide C is shewn in its forward position, while the slide is withdrawn in the
figures.6 and 7.
In withdrawing the slide C, the cam n, which is lodged in an indent of the
frame of the apparatus A, turns with the shaft m and uncovers the said indent.
When the slide moves forward, the spring p causes the shaft m to rotate and
consequently also the cam n which is thus replaced in the position shewn in the
figures 3, 4 and 5. The slide C is put in motion by the pivot q.
The pile catcher D consists of a double armed lever which has its fulcrum at v.
The motion of the three principal parts B C and D of the apparatus A is produced
at the required moment by an eccentric or a lever.
The working of the apparatus for manufacturing a ribbon as shewn in the
figure 2 is as follows:
It is assumed that a part of the ribbon, as shewn for instance in fig. 2 be
finished and placed under the toothed wheels 8 upon the base-plate of the
apparatus A. In order to form a new loop, a thread of the weft is lodged in the
shed and brought by the fork-shaped reed H under the bridle !, whereupon the
shed is changed. The plough B is now withdrawn whereby the thread is cut.
the distance apart of the several apparatus A is equal to the double of the height
of the pile which is to be obtained, the thread of the weft is cut into pieces the
number of which corresponds to the number of the apparatus (see x in fig. 2).
As
In cutting the thread of the weft, the pile catcher D is in the position shewn in
dotted lines in fig. 3; the slide C is in its withdrawn position (fig. 7). After the
thread of the weft has been cut, the slide moves forward into the position shewn
in the figures 3 and 4, the cam n of the slide bending the thread ( in fig. 2) into
the shed. In this bent position, the thread is held by the bent front end of the
pile catcher which rocks on the axis v and presses the thread against the base-
plate of the apparatus and retains it. The thread having been bent in this way
into a loop (the piece of fig. 2 being brought into the position indicated in
dotted lines) the shed is changed again by means of treadles, whereby the loop
becomes bound by the warps. The above described operation is repeated when
another thread is shot in. Corresponding to the number of the apparatus A, an
equal number of ribbons which agree in colour etc is obtained at the same time.
From the apparatus A the ribbons pass over the guiding rollers ttt and the
regulator v to the disc roller w from which the finished ribbons are wound off for
further utilisation. The number of colours for the ribbons to be manufactured
is not limited, but some special arrangements are necessary for obtaining this
purpose.
By the method of changing the shuttles by means of shuttle boxes, which was
hitherto in use, the number of colours is limited, and on the other hand this method
involves a loss of material. The hereinafter described contrivance allows of the
greatest variety of colours without any loss of material.
This construction is shewn in the figures 8-13 of sheet III. Two plates a¹ b}
are perforated in such a way that the tubes c¹ c¹ c¹, passed through the holes of the
two plates, if extended, would intersect each other at the same point; that is to
say, the tubes, when moved in a certain direction, strike all with their front end
against the same point (see figures 8 and 9); the inner ends of the tubes are
provided with cords or chains e¹ which are guided over the rollers f¹. By pulling
on a cord e¹ the corresponding tube is moved forward, it being withdrawn into its
first position by the spring when the cord is released. From the rollers g' g¹ g¹
the threads of different colours are introduced into the tubes c¹ c¹ so that each
tube receives one thread. On the front end of the tubes c c¹, the threads project
somewhat, so that it is possible to catch them by means of the tweezer afterwards
described.
The apparatus is mounted on the side of the loom, and at each throw of the
weft, the corresponding thread, the tube of which is moved forward, is caught by

page_text: the tweezer and drawn into the shed, whereby the threads are wound off from the
rollers g¹ g¹ g¹. The tubes c¹ c¹ or the different threads are put in motion by the
contrivance shewn in the figures 10 and 11. The cord or chain e¹ of the different
tubes is connected with a lever h¹ which is provided with a hook . The latter
can be moved by means of the bark against the slide moved up and down by
means of the cam n¹ and the rod m¹.
.
When the bar is pressed down, the hook i¹ catches into the slide which
draws the hook and with it the lever h¹ downwards. The cord e¹ is connected
with the lever h¹ so that in moving the lever h¹, the slide c¹ connected therewith is
pushed forward for shooting in the corresponding thread. Each tube c¹ is connected
with a lever mechanism h¹¹. The upper button of the forcing lever ¹ bears a
number marking a certain colour, so that the workman will be able to throw any
desired weft by pressing upon the corresponding button. The slide moves regularly
up and down and catches the book which has been approached. The spring of
disengages the hook. Instead of moving the forcing lever with the hand, a
Jacquard contrivance may be applied for pressing down the lever corresponding to
the colour required.
The above mentioned tweezers for introducing the thread drawn out of the
tubes into the weft is shewn in the figures 12 and 13. A rack q¹ is moved to
and fro between the warps by worm wheels pl p¹ p' put, in motion by rack and
pinion. On the front end of the rack q¹ is a tweezer r catching the thread of the
tube c¹ and pulling the same by its backward motion into the shed, as shewn in
fig. 12; when the rack q' has arrived in its extreme position, the tweezer is opened
by striking against the cam 8. When the rack returns, the tweezer slides from
the cam, s, is closed and pulls the nipped thread into the shed. The thread after
having passed through the shed is cut off swiftly in front of the orifice of the
tube cc whereupon the tube returns into its first position.
No claim is intended to be made in respect of the apparatus above described
with reference to sheet III of the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The method of manufacturing fringe-ribbons for use in the manufacture of
imitation Smyrna Carpets, substantially as herein described with reference to
Figs. 1 to 7 of the drawings.
2. The use for the production of fringe-ribbons such as are shewn at Fig. 2 of
the drawings, of apparatus consisting mainly of the knife or plough B, the slide C
and the pile catcher D arranged and operating substantially as herein described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 7 of the drawings.
3. The use in combination with a loom of a number of apparatus such as are
referred to in the preceding claim, arranged side by side, in order to produce
simultaneously a corresponding number of fringe-ribbons to serve as weft for the
carpet fabric substantially as described.
00