IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Sykes, of Masborough, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES."
Sealed the 9th February 1875, and dated the 12th August 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Sykes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th August 1874.
·
I, EDWIN SYKES, of Masborough, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES,"
to be as follows:-
"
This Invention has for its object improved arrangements of air flues
and smoke flues in stoves, by which arrangements the smoke produced
by the combustion of the fuel is more completely burnt, and the heat
is more effectually retained in the stove than is ordinarily the case, and
considerable economy of fuel is effected.
My improved arrangements are applicable to all kinds of air stoves
applied to heating purposes irrespective of their shape, and also to

page_text: cooking ranges, such as those well known as Yorkshire or Leamington
ranges.
My improvements consist. in forming and arranging air flues distinct
from the smoke flues, so that air entering these air flues is admitted
from them into the smoke flues through suitable openings at points
where the presence of additional air is required to complete the com-
bustion of the smoke (that is to say; where the air admitted through the
fire has been consumed).
Where my Invention is to be applied to a closed heating stove I
prefer to arrange longitudinal air- flucs on each side of the stove and
separate smoke flues above them, and I admit air through adjustable
openings into a flue in the front of the stove, whence it passes into and
along the longitudinal air flues and up through openings into the longi-
tudinal smoke flues, into which the smoke is admitted from the fire
through lateral openings. The mixed air and smoke are then consumed :
and pass back along the smoke flues and up through vertical passages
into a longitudinal smoke flue covering the top of the stove, whence the
products of combustion-pass-into the chimney.
I sometimes admit air through adjustable openings into a flue
surrounding the stove, whence it passes into the smoke flue after the s
latter has left the fire, and mixing with the smoke effects the completo
combustion of the latter during its further progress to the chimney.
Where my Invention is applied to a cooking range I make the flues
from the fire-place pass laterally over and round the oven and boiler,
and I make air flues at the sides and back of the fire-placo, the lower
ends of which open below the fire-grate, and the upper ends öpen into
the smoke flucs at or near the points where they leave the fire.
8
I prefer to mako an opening into the chimney above the fire, closed
by a door turning upon its bottom edge, so that when the door:is closed
by falling forward or being brought forward by a knob or handle upon
it, and the hot plato above the firè is closed in its place the flame passes.
through the flues already described (which aro regulated by dampers in
the usual way) into the chimney, and when the hot plate is lifted and
thrown back it opens the door by pressing against it.or.against the knob,
or handle upon it, and the fire is thus at once converted into an open a
one.

page_text: ՍԱՆ ԱՄԱԱՄԱՍ Die Lenters tea,
filed by the said Edwin Sykes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th February 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
SYKES, of Masborough, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
1 successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edwin Sykes, Her
special licence that I, the said Edwin Sykes, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edwin Sykes,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
› during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
“ IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
tho said Edwin Sykes, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Sykes, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to
say) :-―
This Invention has for its object improved arrangements of air flues
and smoke flues in stoves of various kinds, by which arrangements the
smoke produced by the combustion of the fuel is more completely burnt,
and the heat is more completely retained in the stove than is ordinarily
the case, and considerable economy of fuel is effected.

page_text: My improved arrangements are applicable to all kinds of air stoves
applied to heating purposes irrespective of their shape, and also to
cooking ranges, such as those well known as Yorkshire or Leamington
ranges.
My improvements consist in forming and arranging air flues distinct
from the smoke flucs, so that air entering these air flues is admitted from
them into the-smoke flues through suitable openings at or near the
points where additional air is required to complete the combustion of
the smoke: (that is to say, where the air admitted through the fire has
been nearly or entirely consumed).
Where my Invention is to be applied to a closed heating stove I
prefer to arrange longitudinal air flues on each side of the stove and
separate longitudinal smoke flues above them, and I admit air through
adjustable openings into a flue in the front of the stove where it passes
laterally into and along the longitudinal air flue and thence up through
suitable openings near the back of the stove into the longitudinal smoke
flues near the points where the smoke from the fire is admitted into
them through vertical lateral openings. The mixed air and smoke aro
then consumed and the products of combustion pass forward along.the
smoke flues and up through openings near the front of the stove into a.
horizontal flue which covers the top of the stove; and from which they
pass into the chimney.
Sometimes I admit the air through adjustable openings into a flue or
case surrounding the stove, whence it passes into the smoke flues after
the latter have left the fire, and there mixing with the smoke effects the
complete combustion of the latter during its progress to the chimney.
Or sometimes, and especially in the kind of stoves well known as Gill
stoves, I make the case which surrounds the stove without any com-
munication with the smoke flues (the air to the latter being admitted in
the way first described), and I admit air into the case through a series
of openings between the plates near the bottom, and-allow-it-to oscape-
through openings between the plates (which form the stove) at the
top.
I sometimes arrange an oven in the upper part of the stove, made as
lást described, between the smoke flues; and sometimes I use a plain
stove similar to that first described, but having an oven arranged above
the fire-place and between the smoke flues. These forms of arrange-¨
ment are particularly applicable to be used in schools or offices. .

page_text: :
Underneath the fire grate I arrange a moveable ash pan, beneath
which I fit a loose plate which prevents any fire from falling upon the
floor when the ash pan is withdrawn, and the stove can thus be safely
used on boarded floors. The stoves may be made of any desired sizo
and shape.
In the accompanying Drawings Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, Sheet I., are
in illustration of these forms of my Invention. Figure 1 is a front
view; Figure 2, a vertical horizontal section; Figure 3, a vertical
transverse section; and Figure 4, a longitudinal section of a Gill stove.
a, a', are the longitudinal air flues, and b, b', the separate smoke flucs
above them. Air is admitted to the flues a, a¹, through the adjustable
openings c and the front flue d, and it passes into the flues b, b¹,
through the openings e, e¹. The smoke from the fire is admitted into
the flues b, b', through the vertical openings f, f', and then passes up
through the passages 9, 9', into the fluch which covers the top of the
stove, and thence through the flue to the chimney. The several
plates of which the Gill stove is composed may be arranged so as to form
a case m outside the flues a, a', and b, b', as shewn in Figures 2, 3,
and 4, through which case air may pass, as shewn by the arrows in
Figuro 3. n is a moveable ash pan resting upon the plate o.
Figures 5 and 6, on Sheet I., shew my Invention applied to a plain
stove having an oven arranged in its upper part, Figure 5 being a
transverse section, and Figure 6 a longitudinal section. a, a¹, are the
side air flues, into which air is admitted through the openings c, c, and
the front fluc d. After passing through the openings e into the smoke
flues b, b¹, the air and smoke pass into the flues h, h', on each side of the
oven i, and thence to the chimney through the fluo k. m is an outer
casing as already described, and n is a moveable ash pan.
When my Invention is applied to a cooking range I make smoke
flues from the fire pass laterally over and round the ovens and boiler,
and I arrange air flues at the sides and back of the fire place, the lower.
end of these air flues opening to receive air below the fire-grate, and
their upper ends opening into the smoke flues at or near the points
where the latter leave the fire..
I prefer to make an opening above the fire communicating directly
with the chimney, and I close this opening by a door turning upon its
bottom edge,, so that when the door is closed by falling forward or by .

page_text: being brought forward by a knob or handle fixed upon it for the purpose,
and the hot plate of the cooking range above the fire is closed, then the
flame and products of combustion pass through the flues (which are
regulated by dampers in the usuall way) round the ovens and into the
chimney. When the hot plato above the fire is raised and thrown back i
it opens the door by its weight, and the fire is thus at once converted into
an open one.
The arrangement of air flues, the upper ends of which conduct air to
the smoke as it leaves the firo in order to consume it, may be applied to
ordinary open stove grates.
Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, Sheet II., are in illustration of my.
Invention as applied to a cooking range. Figure 7 is a front clevation;
Figures 8, 9, and 10 are sectional plans; Figures 11 and 12 are vertical
sections. From the fire-place 6 the smoke flues a, a', pass laterally.
over and round the ovens or hot chambers c, c', c³, and the boiler d.
The air flues e, e, e, are arranged at the sides and back of the 'fire-
place b, their lower ends opening below the fire-grate f, and their upper
ends admitting air into the smoke flues a, a, near where the latter leave:
the fire. The lateral flues from the fire which heat the ovens.c, ct, are
shewn divided horizontally by a hollow plate, into which air is admitted,-2
as shewn by the arrows in Figure 12, and having openings on its upper
side through which the air passes and consumes the smoke which passes
over it, and thence over the top of the oven o and through flues, as
shewn by the arrows in Figure 12, to the chimney 7. The smoke and air
which pass below the hollow plate described pass down and underneath 2
the oven c then up the outer sides of the ovens c, c¹, c³, to the chimney 7,
as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 12. Suitable adjustable
dampers are provided in the flues where necessary. 9 is an opening
into the chimney / above the fire-place 6, and it is closed by the door
turning upon its lower edge, as shown. The hot platoj being also 8
closed tho flame and heated air pass through tho-flues-to-the-chimney. l,.
as already described. If the hot plate; be turned back so as to open tho .
opening g the fire is at once converted into an open ono and the smoko
passes directly into the chimney h.
Having now described my Invention and the manner in which it is to 3
be performed, I claim,-
:
The avianmoments of air flues and smoke flues in stores substantially

page_text: Also the method of converting the fire of kitchen ranges from an open
to a close one, and vice versa, substantially as described and shewn in
the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Sykes, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Tenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.