A NEW OR IMPROVED BOILER AND FURNACE FOR HEATING CHURCHES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, CON- SERVATORIES, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Gabb, of Bewdley, in the County of
Worcester, Surgeon, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
BOILER AND FURNACE FOR HEATING CHURCHES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, CON-
SERVATORIES, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.
Sealed the 2nd December 1870, and dated the 4th June 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Gabb at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th June 1870.
I, JOHN GABB, of Bewdley, in the County of Worcester, Surgeon, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
BOILER AND FURNACE FOR HEATING CHURCHES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, CONSERVA-
TORIES, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows (that is to say):—
I construct my improved boiler of a conical shape on the exterior,
with a parallel or nearly parallel concentric opening through the centre,
with, by preference, a draw-off cock and a supply or feed tap at the
smaller end, with arrangements for connecting the flow pipe or pipes
close to the large end, with the same arrangement at the small end for..

page_text: the return. From this it will be seen that in setting my improved
conical boiler it will be inverted, the broadest end upwards, and sup-
ported or suspended in the brickwork of the furnace by the flow and
return pipes before mentioned with the opening concentrically over the
fire, while the flue continues around its outer inverted conical side from
bottom to top, so that the heat evolved or given out by the fire supplied
to the furnace underneath is continuously impinging on its surface in its
escape to the upper flue which continues around the top, while a dome
is fitted over the internal concentric space, and with a close cover,
thereby converting the whole of the concentric opening of the boiler
into a hot air chamber. The flow and return pipes may be of any
suitable number, as required, and act in the ordinary manner, only more
active with less consumption of fuel; for in ordinary use a very little
fire will soon so heat the water as to cause it to flow through the upper
tubes to any reasonable distance and return through the lower or return
waterways.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Gabb in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GABB, of Bewdley, in the County of Worcester, Surgeon, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said John Gabb, Her special license that I, the
said John Gabb, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said John Gabb, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED BOILER AND FURNACE
FOR HEATING CHURCHES, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, CONSERVATORIES, AND OTHER LIKE
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John

page_text: Gabb, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Gabb, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
:-
I construct my improved boiler of a conical shape on the exterior,
and a parallel or nearly parallel vertical concentric opening through the
centre, for holding and supplying fuel, with (by preference) a draw-off
cock and a supply or feed way and tap at the smaller or lower end of the
conical boiler, with arrangements for connecting the flow pipe or pipes
close to the large or upper end with the same arrangement at the small
or lower end for the return. From this it will be seen that in setting
my improved conical boiler it will be inverted, the broadest end
upwards, and supported or suspended in the brickwork of the furnace by
the flow and return pipes before mentioned, with the vertical opening
concentrically over the fire from whence the fuel gradually descends
without attention, while the flue continues around its outer inverted
conical side from bottom to top, so that the heat evolved or given out by
the fire supplied to the furnace underneath is continuously impinging on
its surface in its escape to the upper flue which continues around the
top, while a dome is fitted over the internal concentric space and with a
close cover, thereby converting the whole of the concentric opening of
the boiler into a hot air chamber as well as for receiving a charge of
fuel for supplying the furnace below as the fuel is consumed. The flow
and return pipes may be of any suitable number, as required, and act in
the ordinary manner, only more active with less consumption of fuel; for
in ordinary use a very little fuel will soon so heat the water as to cause
it to flow through the upper tubes to any reasonable distance and return
through the lower or return water ways, the heat being sustained for a
long period without attention by the self-feeding arrangement above
described.
But with a view of being intelligibly understood as to the nature and
character of my Invention, I will refer to the Drawings hereunto
11

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a front view of my improved boiler set in its furnace
or seat for heating the water contained in the same; and for convenience
of construction I have represented a cast-iron base marked A and the
brick lining not seen in this view encased within sheet iron, and held
by its lower edge fitting within an inner rabbet of the base while the
middle part is held by the metal hoop or band B, the top like the base
being cast, allowing space above the brickwork to continue the flue way
to the chimney, as will be seen by reference to the vertical sections,
Figs. 2 and 3, the latter particularly showing the flue way in connection
with the cover C, C, which leads to any convenient stack or chimney
for carrying away the smoke.
Referring to Figure 2, which is a section of Figure 1 taken through
the pipes L and M, the conical boiler is here clearly defined marked
D, D, with its concentric circular space marked E, which forms the
means for supplying and holding fuel. F, F, are the furnace bars upon
which the fuel rests, air being supplied through the opening in the front,
as at G, Figure 1, which may be fitted with a perforated door for
regulation with a door above for occasional raking of the fire or clearing
the bars from slag or dust. H is a portable cover shown detached in
top and side views at Figs. 4 and 5, the removal of which exposes the
vertical concentric fuel way for the supply of fuel; and in some
instances an additional portable feed way may be applied as at J,
Figure 3, shown separate in top and side views at Figs. 6 and 7, marked
with the same letter; this concentric feed way J being smaller than the
concentric space E in the boiler forms an annular opening between its
outer surface and the inner surface of the boiler; such feed way I cover
over with an internal regulator marked a, a, attached to the ring
handle b, by which the cover H and regulator a, a, may be removed or
applied; the object of the internal regulator is to cut off or supply air
to the annular space, that such air may descend and pass keenly around
the bottom of the boiler and ignite all gaseous smoke that may arise
from an overcharge of coal or other causes impeding perfect combustion,
thus making my arrangement perfectly smoke consuming.
L, L, are the flow ways for taking the heated water away from the
top part of the boiler to be conducted through the same size pipes
around or through churches, public buildings, conservatories, or other

page_text: like places, and which water as it loses its temperature will descend and
return again to the bottom of the boiler through the pipes M, M, but
this is well known and commonly used and therefore forms no part of
my Invention. N, N, is the brick setting around the furnace, which
should be of fire-bricks, the boiler proper being supported in the furnace
by the inlet and outlet pipes L, L, and M, M, of which there may be
two, four, or more in number if required, which flow ways are not shown
in Figure 3, that view being a section from front to back or through the
dotted line c and d of Fig. 8, which is simply a top view of Figure 1,
the dotted line e and findicating the line of section of Figure 2. The
filling of the boiler with water I effect by removing a small screw cap
from the air vent P, Figure 3, which may be conveniently done by
removing the cover H, concentric tube J, and a separate annular cast
ring and cover seat marked R, shown separate in top and edge views at
Fig. 9, the vent way being open, the boiler is filled with water from any
convenient reservoir, which water passes down the pipe S through the
stop cock T and into the boiler through the tube U into which it will
flow and expel all the air, and when full the cap must be securely
restored or screwed on to the air vent P, when the fire may be lit and
the water becomes sufficiently heated (which will be effected in a very
short space of time) it will put itself in motion and continue so to flow
as long as sufficient heat is kept up in the furnace, and which by my
arrangement can be maintained by the use of fines slack, refuse coal, or
fuel of the commonest quality, for many hours without attendance, as
the concentric interior portion of the boiler directly above and over the
heated coals will hold a considerable quantity of fuel that will gradually
descend as burnt, and thus support the necessary heat or combustion at
a very trifling cost for any reasonable length of time, such as a winter
day or night, or even a longer period if necessary, by continuing or
increasing the length of the interior of the boiler or the additional
interior circular part J above the crown or cover of the furnace. In a
general way I have found the proportions of my boiler as here given to
answer well in practice, viz., the depth to be about equal to the diameter
of the top, and the diameter of the bottom of the furnace to be equal
to the diameter of the top of the boiler, so that as the heat and flames
ascend they shall play around and against its conical surface.
When it is required to empty the boiler or draw off hot water, the
stop cock T must be turned off and the tap W turned on, when the water
will pass from the boiler through the pipe U and tap W.

page_text: In some instances it may be convenient to apply a small man-hole and
lid to the top of the boiler, as shown at V, Figure 2, as it will afford.
an opportunity for examining and cleaning or removing any sediment
that may fall in course of use to the bottom of the boiler, and although
I have represented the boiler as being made from boiler plate rivetted to
angle iron and other curved parts, nevertheless it may be otherwise
formed or made from cast iron or hammered from plates of copper.
Having thus given a general description of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same may be carried into effect, I wish it under-
stood that the general details may be varied and otherwise constructed,
and the sizes and proportions may in like manner be varied without
affecting the principles herein set forth; but what I claim as of my
Invention and wish to protect by these my in part recited Letters
Patent is, the form of boiler with the general details and construction
of the furnace in connection with the same, as herein described and
exhibited.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Gabb, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
JAMES S. COCKINGS,
Patent Agent,
Birmingham.
JOHN GABB. (L.S.)