Improvements relating to Cards for Correspondence, Advertising, and other purposes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 29th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 29th June, 1900
Improvements relating to Cards for Correspondence, Advertising,
and other purposes.
I, PETER JOSEF BACHEM, Owner of a Photography Establishment and Litho-
graphic Printing-office at Cologne, 21, Koenigsplatz, in the Province of Rhine-
land and Kingdom of Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The present invention has on the one hand reference to the adoption of coloured
representations, which are influenced in their colour by change of temperature,
to cards of all kinds, i.e. correspondence and advertising cards such as have been
circulated multifold and zealously collected during the last years, e.g. cards
with views, Liebig's pictures and the like; and on the other hand, an especial
process for preparing such coloured representations.
The invention consists in the first instance therein, that the representations
brought onto the card, are produced in such pigments that some or all of them
undergo a change, either by receiving another shade, or disappearing, or coming
into view, or disappearing and being replaced by others, on being under the
influence of alteration i.e. change of temperature.
Such paints are therefore used which, such as the majority of the cobalt paints,
have in the cold another colour, or another shade or intensity than in the warmth,
or appear or disappear in the warmth or cold, quite independently of the fact
whether, after appearing, they once and for all remain e.y, on being warmed, or
if by a new change of temperature e.g. by a cooling they again disappear only
to re-appear on renewed warmth, and so on.
The present invention includes moreover a special process, by which it is
made possible for two distinct coloured pictures to be produced on one and the
same card, one of which is only visible in the cold, the other in the warmth,
so that by every change of temperature the pictures alternately appear and dis-
appear.
The process consists in the main therein that, either such pigments are chosen
for the two different pictures to be laid on one over the other on the same
surface of the card, that they are soluble in different fluids only, e.g. those for
the underneath picture soluble in water, and those for the upper picture soluble
in spirits, or by the use of colours soluble in the same medium for both pictures,
separated by a transparent medium, but indifferent to the medium of solution,
which acts as coating to the under picture onto which the upper picture is laid.
If one proceeded otherwise, the production of two different alternately appearing
pictures above one another were impossible, as the colours and drawing of the
second picture would diffuse with those of the first.
For the rest, it matters not what kind of pictural representations they be, of
what subject they treat, nor moreover how large or how thick the cards are, nor
of what material they consist. One can, instead of paper or pasteboard, just
as well utilize wood, leather, sheet-metal, celluloid, gelatine, and so on.

page_text: Of course, not all the colours or drawings on a card are bound to change, but
rather can this take place in the case of single colours or a given part of them or
single portions or, divisions of the drawing.
1000
For PETER JOSEF BACHEM,
Bernh. Brockhues.
Improvements relating to Cards for Correspondence, Advertising,
and other purposes.
I, PETER JOSEF BACHEM, Owner of a Photography Establishment and Litho-
graphic Printing-office at Cologne, 21, Königsplatz, in the Province of Rhine-
land and Kingdom of Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention has on the one hand reference to the adoption of coloured
representations, which are influenced in their colour by change of temperature,
to cards of all kinds, .e. correspondence and advertising cards such as have been
circulated in great number and zealously collected during the last years, e.g. cards
with views, Liebig's pictures and the like: and on the other hand, to an especial
process for preparing such coloured representations.
The invention consists in the first instance therein, that the representations
brought on to the card, are produced in such pigments that some or all of them
undergo a change, either by receiving another shade, or by disappearing, or
coming into view, or by disappearing and being replaced by others, on being
under the influence of an alteration, .e. change of temperature.
Such paints are therefore used which such as the majority of the cobalt paints,
have in the cold another colour, or another shade or intensity than in the warmth,
or appear or disappear in the warmth or cold, quite independently of the fact
whether, after appearing, they once and for all remain e.g. on being warmed, or
if by a new change of temperature e.g. by a cooling they again disappear only
to re-appear on the warmth, being renewed and so on.
Those paints which have the necessary qualities for carrying out my process
are known in a certain number, and represented by different chemical combina-
tions, as for instance: blue by chlorate of cobalt, yellow by bichlorate of copper,
green by chlorate of cobalt and bichlorate of copper mixed in equal parts, brown
by a solution of a mixture of equal parts of sulphate of copper with bromide of
potassium in twenty parts of water, all the colours named being visible only in
the warmth and disappearing in the cold; red by the magnesium-platina cyanide
only visible in the cold and disappearing in the warmth. The solution in water
of this latter combination which is very hygroscopic will not keep for more than
a short time, therefore it is necessary to make each time only a little of the solution
in a very small vessel, as for instance in a painters shell or saucer.
The present invention includes moreover a special process, by which it is
made possible for two distinct coloured pictures to be produced on one and the
same card, one of which is only visible in the cold, the other in the warmth,
so that by every change of temperature the pictures alternately appear and dis-
appear.
The process consists in the main in the pigments for the two different pictures
that are to be laid on, one over the other on the same surface of the card, being

page_text: either dissolved in different fluids, e.g. those for the lower picture in water,
and those for the upper picture in oil, if necessary an indifferent medium being
added to the latter colours solution in order to increase its consistency and
capability of being printed on the paper, or in the colours that are used being
dissolved in the same medium for both pictures, but separated by a transparent
medium, indifferent to the medium of solution, which acts as a coating to the
lower picture on which the upper picture is laid.
In producing two representations, one over the other, and dissolved in different
solutions it is proposed to use either for the lower representation one or more of
such pigments which are only visible in the warmth, as enumerated in this
specification, and for the upper representation such pigments, which are only
visible in the cold, as, for instance, the red pigment represented by the magnesium-
platina-cyanide, or the latter for the lower and the former for the upper repre-
sentation. As a neutral substance between the two layers of colour, a suitable
transparent varnish, as, for instance, photographic negative-varnish, or shellack
etc. is used.
In order to illustrate the above, I herewith give 2 examples.
1). A solution of chlorate of cobalt in an equal quantity of water is laid on
the card thus forming the pigment in the lower representation, the latter con-
sisting for instance, of forget-me-nots. When this has dried, it is covered with
a layer of negative-varnish or shellack. When this has also dried a solution of
magnesium-platina-cyanide in an equal quantity of water is laid on, forming
the pigment in the upper representation, as for instance in a rose. After it
has dried the rose, when it is cold, has a red colour, but, on being warmed, the
red colour disappears, and the blue or blueish-green colouring of the chlorate of
cobalt appears.
2). After the chlorate of cobalt-solution has been laid on, the magnesium-
platina-cyanide, which is mixed with the binding-material described below, is
pressed on by means of a cliché. Composition of the binding-material: 10 parts
of Venetian turpentine are mixed together with 1 part of freshly melted white
wax. To this mixture is added 1 part of lin-seed-oil that has become thick by
standing. When printing, sometimes a little lavender oil must be added.
Instead of laying on the chlorate of cobalt dissolved in water only, which can
be done only by hand with a brush or the like, one can also apply another solution
capable of being printed on the paper and therefore more suitable for the pro-
duction of a great number of equal reproductions. Such a solution is made in
the following manner: 30 parts of chlorate of cobalt are dissolved by heating
the salt until it has melted in the water of crystallization. At the same time
4 grammes of gelatine being first allowed to swell in cold water are dissolved
by heat. Then both solutions while still warm are mixed together and finally
30 grammes of fish glue are added to this mixture and dissolved in it by rubbing.
If one proceeded otherwise, the production of two different appearing alternately
pictures above one another were impossible, as the colours and drawings of the
second picture would diffuse with those of the first.
For the rest, it does not matter what kind of pictorial representations they
are of what subject they treat, nor, moreover, how large or how thick the cards
are, nor of what material they consist. One can, instead of paper or pasteboard,
just as well use wood, leather sheet-metal, celluloid, gelatine, etc.
Of course, not all the colours or drawings on a card are bound to change, but
this may take place in the case of single colours or a given part of them or
single portions or divisions of the drawing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1). An illustrated card for correspondence and other purposes, thereby
characterized, that the representations brought onto the card, are produced in

page_text: such pigments that some or all of them undergo a change, either by receiving
another shade, or disappearing, or coming into view, or disappearing, and being
replaced by others, on being under the influence of alteration .e. change of tem-
perature.
2). A special sort of illustrated cards according to Claim 1), thereby characterized
that in the same place of the card two coloured pictures are placed over each
other with another colour one of which is only visible in the cold the other in
the warmth, so that at every change of temperature the two pictures and colours
alternately appear and disappear.
3). A process for making it possible to apply the two different pictures and
colours over each other in the same place of the card, according to Claim 2),
thereby characterized, that for the one picture colours are applied which are
dissolved in a different substance than the colours of the other picture, in order
thereby to prevent the two pictures and colours from running into each other
or from influencing, injuring or destroying each other or combining with each
other when being laid on.
4). Instead of the process distinguished under 3), a form thereof, in which
for both pictures colours may be used that are soluble in the same substance
thereby characterized that an indissoluble, though transparent, layer is applied
between the lower and the upper picture.
Dated this 25th day of TT 1000