IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING CERTAIN SACCHARINE SYRUPS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Barrow and Charles James Orosfield,
of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Sugar Refiners, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING CERTAIN SACCHARINE SYRUPS,
AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
"
..
Sealed the 17th October 1872, and dated the 19th April 1872.
°
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Barrow an
Charles James Orosfield at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th April 1872.
We, JAMES BARROW and CHARLES JAMES CROSFIELD, of Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Sugar Refiners, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING CERTAIN
SACCHARINE SYRUPS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as
follows:-
"
The saccharine syrups to which our improvements have reference are
those given out through centrifugal machines during the process of
drying sugar. The profitable utilization of these syrups has hitherto

page_text: been attended, as is well known, with considerable trouble. Now the
object of our Invention is to separate the small crystals of sugar con-
tained in these syrups by a direct process, such crystals being inseparable
in ordinary working by the centrifugal machine appliances. For that
purpose we subject the said syrups to a process of filtration through
woven or porous fabrics, forcing them through the said fabrics, by pre-
ference after they have been allowed to cool to about atmospheric
temperature, and preferably employing the apparatus or press hereafter
described. The small crystals are retained on the inner side of the fabric
whilst the thin solution is forced through. The thin solution may be
refiltered, or it may be concentrated and again subjected to pressure, so
as to yield a further quantity of small crystals.
The filtering apparatus or press which we have devised is illustrated
on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, where Fig. 1 is a view in sido
elevation and vertical section; Fig. 2, a view in plan and horizontal
section; and Fig. 3, a transverse section at the line A, A. Like letters
denote the same parts.
i
a is the carrying frame; b, rising frame; c, followers; d, pressure
screws; e, gearing; f, gearing frame; g, filter frames fitted with woven or
porous fabric; h, pipe with stop-tap through which the syrup is supplied;
, passage with branches leading to each alternate frame space. The
crystals of sugar are retained in these places whilst the thin solution
passes down the flutings, shown in Fig. 3, into the conducting spout j;
k is the driving pulley. The Drawings show gear suitable for
working two presses alternately, and the right and left hand screws
illustrate the most convenient means of quickly and securely fixing the
filter frames.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Barrow and Charles James Crosfield in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th October 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
BARROW and CHARLES JAMES CROSFIELD, of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Sugar Refiners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninteenth day of April, in the year of

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Jamės Barrow and Charles James
Crosfield, Her special licence that we, the said James Barrow and
Charles James Crosfield, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said James Barrow and Charles James
Crosfield, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention ·¨
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING CERTAIN SACCHARINE Syrups, and in Apparatus
EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said James Barrow and Charles James Crosfield, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or
one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, tho said James Barrow and Charles James
Crosfield, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the accompanying Sheet of illustrative Drawings, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
The saccharine syrups to which our improvements have reference are
those given off through centrifugal machines during the process of
drying sugar. The profitable utilization of these syrups has hitherto
been attended as is well known with considerable trouble. Now the
object of our Invention is to separate the small crystals of sugar
contained in these syrups by a direct process, such crystals being
inseparable in ordinary working by the centrifugal machine appliances.
For that purpose we subject the said syrups to a process of filtration
through woven or porous fabrics, forcing them through the said fabrics
by preference after they have been allowed to cool to about atmosphoric
temperature, say 60° Fahrenheit, and preferably employing the apparatus
or press hereafter described. The small crystals are retained on the

page_text: inner side of the fabric whilst the thin solution is forced through. The
thin solution may be refiltered or it may be concentrated and again
subjected to pressure so as to yield a further quantity of small crystals.
In practice we prefer to take the clear solution forced through the
filtering cloths direct to the vacuum pan.
The filtering apparatus or press which we have devised is illustrated
on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, where Fig. 1 is a view in side
elevation and vertical section; Fig. 2 a view in plan and horizontal
section; and Fig. 3 a transverse section at the line A, A, all of a
complete press and gearing, which we prefer to work alternately with 1
another press of the same kind. Like letters denote the same parts.
a is the carrying frame; b, rising frame; c, followers; d, pressure
screws; e, gearing; f, gearing frame; g, filter frames fitted with woven
or porous fabric ordinary sugar refiners' filter cloth answers well; h, pipe
with stop tap through which the syrup is supplied; i, passage with 1
branches leading to each alternate frame space. The crystals of sugar
are retained in these spaces whilst the thin solution passes down the
flutings shown in Fig. 3 into the conducting spoutj; k is the driving
pulley; 1, plate provided to prevent any loose crystals from falling on
the ground during the removal of the frames. The Drawings show gear 2
suitable for working two presses alternately, and the right and left hand
screws illustrate the most convenient means of quickly and securely
fixing the filter frames.
The gearing shown on the Drawings is as will be evident so arranged
that the hand lever m throws into gear the whole of the clutches for one 2
press at the same time, and that the same action disengages all the
clutches connected with the other press, which for economical working
is secured on a continuation of the same frame work.
The pumps for supplying the syrup are of any ordinary or convenient
kind; the pipes are fitted with guages, safety valves, and the usual 3
connections. A pressure of about seventy pounds is suitable for proper
and efficient filtration.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and par-
ticularized the same so that others will be enabled to carry our improve-
ments into practice, we claim,-
3

page_text: First. Utilizing the saccharine syrups herein-before mentioned by
iltering them through woven or porous fabrics after they have been
cooled to about atmospheric temperature,. substantially as set forth.
Second. The filtering apparatus or press herein described and illus-
rated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Barrow, have hereunto, for
myself and the said Charles James Crosfield, set my hand and
seal, the Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our. Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
In the presence of,
JAMES JOHNSON,
Olerk to J. T. KING,
4, Clayton Square,
Liverpool.
JAMES BARROW. (L.B.)