AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Jones, of No. 29, Botolph Lane, Eastcheap,
Provision Merchant, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 16th December 1864, and dated the 20th June 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Jones at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th June 1864.
I, RICHARD JONES, of No. 29, Botolph Lane, Eastcheap, Provision
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:-
My Invention applies to the mode of displacing air out of the vessel con-
taining the substance to be preserved by the introduction of an inert fluid,
such as water or oil, then the displacement of such fluid by the introduction
of nitrogen gas, or gases having an affinity for oxygen.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
JONES, of No. 29, Botolph Lane, Eastcheap, Provision Merchant, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Ierself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Richard Jones, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Richard Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard Jones, my executors or ad-
ministrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Jones, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of my Invention is to displace air from the vessel containing the
animal or vegetable substance to be preserved by the introduction into such
vessel of an inert fluid, such as water or oil, and then to displace such fluid
by the introduction of nitrogen gas, or gases having an affinity for oxygen.
For this purpose I prefer that the vessels containing the animal or vegetable
substance to be preserved be provided with two necks or passages sufficiently
large to admit of the flow of the inert fluid into and from the vessel, and for
the flow therein of the nitrogen gas, or gases having an affinity for oxygen,
and I generally find it convenient for these vessels, excepting their necks or
passages, to be formed of tin or tin plate, the necks or passages I form of soft
metal, and when the cover of these vessels has been made secure by soldering
or otherwise to retain the substances to be preserved, leaving only the necks or
apertures above referred to open, I apply over each of these necks, and so as
to fit tightly on to them, the ends of a pipe provided with stop-cocks or valves;
india-rubber tubing I find to answer well for this purpose. One of these
pipes is in communication through suitable stop-cocks or valves with a

page_text: reservoir of the inert fluid, which I allow to flow into the vessel under
pressure so as to fully drive out the air contained in the vessel. The other
tube is also provided with suitable stop-cocks or valves, and is in communi-
cation with the reservoir of the nitrogen gas or gases to be employed as
having an affinity for oxygen, and when I find all air has been driven off, and
that only the inert fluid passes out from the vessel containing the substances
to be preserved, I prevent the ingress or egress of liquid or air by means of
stop-cocks or valves, I then allow the nitrogen gas or gases having an affinity
for oxygen, such as carbonic acid gas, or nitrogen gas with binoxide of nitrogen,
to flow therein under pressure from the reservoir, until the whole of the inert
fluid has been displaced, and I then introduce a given quantity of sulphurous
acid gas or binoxide of nitrogen, say of from five to thirty-five cubic inches
to the lb. of substance to be preserved. And in some cases I repeat the
operation by employing the inert fluid to drive off the nitrogen gas or gases
having affinity for oxygen, and then the inert fluid is again driven off by the
nitrogen gas or gases having affinity for oxygen. The nitrogen gas, or the
gases so employed, may be collected as driven off in suitable reservoirs for
re-use. When the operations are thus completed, I by means of pincers or
otherwise close up the necks or passages of the vessels, and make them secure
by soldering or other sealing as is well understood by persons accustomed to
preserving animal and vegetable substances.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying
the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the
improved method of preserving animal and vegetable substances by displacing
air from the vessel containing the substance to be preserved by the intro-
duction therein of an inert fluid, such as water or oil, and then the displacement
of such fluid by the introduction of nitrogen gas, or gases having an affinity
for oxygen, substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Jones, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
DIAND
TAKRA
RICH JONES. (L.B.)