Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 13th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 17th June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, DANIEL KING, of Finksburg, in the County of Carroll and State of Maryland,
United States of America Blast Furnace Manager, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to steam boilers, and it has for its object to provide a
device of this class which shall be simple in construction, durable and comparatively
inexpensive, and in which a heating surface of considerable extent shall be
developed, thereby enabling the water to be quickly and economically converted
into steam.
A further object of the invention is to so construct the boiler as to enable
sediment and deposits of all kinds inside and outside the flue jacket to be effectually
disposed of.
A further object of the invention is to so construct the boiler as to enable the
flue to be readily removed for repairs when necessary..
In my invention the heads of the boiler shell or casing are provided with flanged
openings for the reception of the flue, only a single flue being used. The flue is of
less diameter than the said flanged openings. A shell or jacket is provided, the
ends of which are provided with extension pieces and which surrounds the flue,
an annular space being left between said flue and jacket. The latter is provided
within the boiler with a stand pipe for the passage of steam from the annular space
to the crown of the boiler. The extension pieces are riveted to or otherwise
suitably connected with the body of the shell or jacket, from which they may be
readily detached when it is desired to gain access to the flue for the purpose of
removing or repairing the latter.
Between the ends of the flue and jacket are interposed rings or bushings. These
bushings, which are made, preferably, of copper, although other suitable material
may be substituted, are made U shaped in cross section, their open ends being
provided with cross bars connecting the sides or flanges of said bushings. The
latter are provided with tapering rivet holes extending through side walls between
the cross bars for the reception of rivets, by means of which the ends of the
flue, the flue jacket and the bushings are connected with each other and with
the flanged boiler heads. The bushings are arranged with their open ends turned
inwards to form the ends of the water, space between the flue and the jacket.
The rivets, the shanks of which extend through the said bushings, are thus
surrounded by water and protected from injury by excessive heat. The bushings
are provided on their outer sides with aunular projecting beads or shoulders.
These shoulders or bends are made to serve as calking strips. the metal com-
posing them being forced or upset into the joints between the bushing, the flue,
and the flanges of the boiler heads, thus forming perfectly steam and water
tight joints. The bushing at the front end of the boiler is provided with feed
openings for the attachment of pipes through which water may be supplied to
the annular space. The bushings at both ends of the boiler are provided at their
lower ends with openings to which pipes may be attached for blowing off the
contents when desired.
Flanges, which may be composed of angle irons are arranged in the annular space
between the flue and its surrounding jacket, thus converting the said annular space
into a number of compartments. The upper portions of these flanges are provided
with recesses or cut away portions, the spaces between the said Hanges being in
this manner connected. The bottom of the jacket is provided between the
individual flanges with downwardly extending flues or pipes, and the bottom of

page_text: the boiler casing is provided with corresponding pipes of larger diameter, into
which the downwardly extending pipes are extended. The corresponding pipes
are extended through the combustion chamber of the furnace and through the
side wall of the latter and are provided with blow off cocks. The downwardly
extending pipes are extended nearly to the ends of the other pipes, and are
provided with nozzles of a cross sectional area suitably proportioned to the cross
sectional area of the spaces between them and the shells or casings forming said
pipes.
When boilers constructed according to my invention are arranged in a battery,
the pipes of each individual boiler should extend to the furnace wall most distant
from such boiler in order to provide as extensive a heating surface as possible, the
greatest advantage being derived from extending these pipes horizontally, or
approximately so, through the combustion chamber of the furnace.
The front boiler head is provided with a man hole, through which access may be
had to the interior of the boiler for the purpose of making repairs when necessary.
Valved pipes may be connected, respectively, with the annular space between the
flue and the flue jacket, and with the water space of the boiler, said pipes being
connected by a branch pipe having a check valve opening toward the annular
space.
Dated this 10th den of M 1909
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, DANIEL KING, of Finksburg, in the County of Carroll, and State of Maryland,
United States of America, Blast-furnace Manager, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to steam-boilers; and it has for its object to provide a
device of this class which shall be simple in construction, durable, and comparatively
inexpensive, and in which a heating surface of considerable extent shall be developed,
thereby enabling the water to be quickly and economically converted into steami.
A further object of the invention is to so construct the boiler as to enable
sediment and deposits of all kinds inside and outside the flue-jacket to be quickly
and effectually disposed of.
A further object of the invention is to so construct the boiler as to enable the
flue to be readily removed for repairs when necessary.
With these ends in view my invention consists in the improved construction,
arrangement, and combination of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described,
and particularly pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings hereto annexed,
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of a builer constructed in
accordance with my invention.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 3 3 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a rear elevation, partly in section, of the bushing connecting the flue
with the jacket.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view on a larger scale, taken through the front end
of the boiler, the flue, the jacket, and the connecting bushing, on the line 5 5
in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a perspective detail view of a portion of said bushing.
Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.
1 designates the boiler shell or casing having the heads or ends 2 and 3, which
are provided with flanged openings 4 for the reception of the flue 5, only a single

page_text: flue being used, as will be apparent from the drawings. The flue is of less diameter
than the openings 4.
6 designates a shell or jacket, the ends of which are provided with extension
pieces 6, and which surrounds the flue 5, an annular space 7 being left between
said flue and jacket. The latter is provided within the boiler with a stand pipe 8
for the passage of steam from the annular space 7 to the crown of the boiler. The
extension pieces 6b are riveted to or otherwise suitably connected with the body of
the shell or jacket 6, from which they may be readily detached when it is desired
to gain access to the flue for the purpose of moving or repairing the latter.
Between the ends of. the flue 5 and jacket 6 are interposed the rings or bushings 9
which have been clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings. These bushings,
which are made, preferably, of copper, although other suitable material may be
substituted are made U-shaped in cross section, their open ends being provided
with cross bars 10, connecting the sides or flanges 11 of said bushings. The latter
are provided with tapering rivet holes 12, extending through the side walls 11
between the cross bars 10, for the reception of the rivets 13, by means of which
the ends of the flue, the flue jacket 6, and the bushings are connected with each
other and with the flanged boiler heads. The bushings are arranged with their
open ends turned inward to form the ends of the water space between the flue 5
and the jacket 6. The rivets, the shanks of which extend through the said
bushings, are thus surrounded by water and protected from injury by excessive
heat. The bushings are provided on their outer sides with annular projecting
beads or shoulders 14. These shoulders or beads are made to serve as calking-
strips, the metal composing them being forced or upset into the joints between the
bushing, the flue, and the flanges of the boiler heads, thus forming perfectly steam
and water tight joints. The bushing at the front end of the boiler is provided
with feed openings 15 for the attachment of pipes through which water may be
supplied to the annular space 7. The bushings at both ends of the boiler are
provided at their lower ends with openings 16, to which pipes may be attached for
blowing off the contents when desired.
17 17 designate flanges, which may be composed of angle irons arranged in the
annular space 7 between the flue and its surrounding jacket, thus converting the
said annular space into a number of compartmeuts 17. The upper portions of
the flanges 17 are provided with recesses or cut-away portions, as shown at 18,
the spaces between the said flanges being in this manner connected. The bottom
of the jacket 6 is provided between the individual flanges 17 with downwardly
extending flues or pipes 19, and the bottom of the boiler casing is provided with
corresponding pipes 20 of larger diameter, into which the pipes 19 are extended.
The pipes 20 are extended through the combustion chamber of the furnace and
through the side wall of the latter and are provided with blow off cocks 21.
pipes 19 are extended nearly to the ends of the pipes 20 and are provided with
nozzles 22, of a cross sectional area suitably proportioned to the cross sectional
area of the spaces between them and the shells or casings forming the pipes 20.
The
When boilers constructed according to my invention are arranged in a battery,
the pipes 19 and 20 of each individual boiler should extend to the furnace wall
most distant from such boiler in order to provide as extensive a heating surface as
possible, the greatest advantage being derived from extending these pipes
horizontally, or approximately so, through the combustion chamber of the
furnace.
The front boiler head is provided with a man-hole 25, through which access may
be had to the interior of the boiler for the purpose of making repairs when
necessary. Valved pipes 26, and 27, may be connected respectively, with the
annular space 7 between the flue and the flue jacket and with the water space of
the boiler, said pipes being connected by a branch pipe 28, having a check valve 29
opening toward the space 7, all as is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 of the drawings.
The purpose of these connecting pipes will be presently set forth.
In operation the feed water is supplied through the pipes 15 and is forced to

page_text: take its course through the annular spaces 7 between the flue and the flue jacket
and the flanges 17. Most of the sediment and impurities contained in the feed
water will settle in the annular space 7 near the front end of the boiler; and the
feed water will pass through the pipes 19 and back through the pipes 20 into the
boiler space proper, where it rises around the flue jacket 6. The steam developed
in the annular space 7 will rise through the stand pipes 8 into the steam space of
the boiler. It will be observed that a very extensive heating surface is provided,
composed of the flue 5 and the pipes 20, which latter are of considerable length
and capacity. It will also be observed that the feed water passing through the
tubes 20 and exposed to the direct action of the burning gases in the combustion
chamber of the furnace is first heated by its passage through the annular space 7
and the tubes 19. By this construction and arrangement the feed water will be
heated to the temperature in the boiler before it reaches the water space proper
in the boiler, owing to its passage along the flue 5, as well as through the pipes 19
and 20. The arrows Fig. 1 denote the direction in which the heat and gases pass
around the pipes 19 and 20 and thence through the flue 5. Strains upon the boiler
shell due to variable temperatures are thus avoided such strains being borne by
the jacket and pipes. Any impurities in the water that may be precipitated by
heat will be deposited in the space between the flue and the jacket and in the
pipes 19 and 20, from which such impurities may be effectually blown out as often
as may be desired or found necessary by simply opening the valves 21 (one at a
time) at the ends of the 'pipes 20. The proper bushings make safe and effective
joints between the flue, the jacket, and the heads of the boiler, and, being provided
with calking shoulders, the joints may be easily and perfectly made. without
necessity of employing auxiliary packing of any kind. By the use of these
bushings the flue may also be readily removed when desired by simply removing
the rivets, when the said flue may be readily drawn out for repairs or for the
purpose of substituting a new one. The tapering rivets employed for connecting
the flue, the jacket, and the bushings with the boiler heads form tight joints and
may be conveniently fitted and driven-cold, if desired as will be readily seen by
reference to the drawings. The connecting pipes 26 and 27, having check
valves 28, will allow the water to pass froin the boiler space to the flue space
whenever the feed ceases, thus maintaining an equilibrium between the water in
the boiler casing and in the annular space 7 and causing the circulation to be kept
up in the proper direction without interruption. The said connecting pipes and
check valves are preferably arranged outside the furnace wall, at the front end of
the same, where they may be readily inspected and manipulated when, desired.
The absence of these connecting pipes and valves; however, would not seriously
interfere with the operation of my invention, inasmuch as it would only involve a
reversal of the circulation in the event of the feed being temporarily suspended.
My boiler is supported in substantially. the same manner as all ordinary horizontal
steam boilers viz. by building up the walls at the sides and ends, forming a bed on
which the boiler rests and is anchored.
I have in the foregoing described what I consider to be the preferred construction
of my invention; but I desire it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the
details of construction herein described, but reserve the right to. any changes and
modifications to which recourse may be had without departing from the spirit of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a steam boiler, the combination of the boiler casing, the flue extending
through the same, the jacket surrounding the flue, and the hollow bushings
interposed between the ends of the flue and jacket and having the interior thereof
communicating with the water space inclosed between said jacket and flue, sub-
stantially as set forth.

page_text: 2. In a steam boiler, the combination of the boiler casing, the flue extending
through the same, the jacket surrounding the flue, and the rings or flanges arranged
in the space between the flue and the jacket, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination of the boiler casing, the flue extending through the same,
the jacket surrounding the flue and having an upwardly extending stand-pipe, the
bushings between the ends of the flue and the jacket, and the ribs or flanges
arranged in the spaces between said flue and jacket, substantially as set forth.
4. The combination of the boiler shell or casing, the flue extending through the
same, the jacket surrounding the flue, pipes extending from the bottom of the
boiler casing through the furnace wall aud provided with blow off cocks, and pipes
extending from the annular space between the flue and the cap into the said pipes
extending from the boiler casing, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. The combination of the boiler casing, the pipes extending from the bottom of
the same and having blow-off cocks at their outer ends, the flue extending through
the boiler casing, the jacket surrounding said flue, the ribs or flanges arranged in the
annular space between the flue and the jacket, and the pipes extending from the
latter into the pipes extending from the boiler casing and nearly to the ends of said
pipes, substantially as set forth.
6. The combination of the boiler casing, the flue extending through the same,
the jacket surrounding the flue, the ribs or flanges arranged in the annular space
between the flue and the jacket, the upper portions of the said ribs or flanges being
provided with recesses or cut away portions, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
7. The combination of the boiler casing, the flue extending through the same,
the jacket surrounding the flue and having an upwardly extending stand pipe, the
ribs or flanges arranged in the annular space between the flue and the jacket and
having recesses or cut-away portions in their upper sides, the pipes extending from
the bottom of the boiler casing and having blow-off cocks, the pipes extending
from the spaces of the flue jacket between the ribs or flanges and into the pipes
extending from the boiler casing, and means for supplying feed water to the annular
space between the flue and its surrounding jacket, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
8. The combination of the boiler casing, the flue extending through the same,
the flue-jacket, and the hollow bushings of copper or equivalent material interposed
between the ends of the flue and the jacket and having open ends communicating
with the water space between said flue and jacket and secured by means of rivets
driven through the ends of said flue or jacket and through flanges upon the boiler
heads, substantially as set forth.
9. In a steam boiler of the class described, the herein described bushings,
consisting of rings approximately U-shaped in cross section and provided at their
open inner ends with cross bars connecting the sides or flanges of said bushings,
substantially as set forth.
10. The herein described annular bushing, provided with beads or flanges
adapted to be upset into the adjacent joints for the purpose of calking the latter,
substantially as set forth.
11. The combination, with the boiler casing, having heads provided with flanged
openings, the flue, and the flue jacket, of the bushings consisting of rings U-shaped
in cross section arranged between the ends of the flue and jacket, with their open
ends facing the annular water space between said flue and jacket, whereby the
shanks of the connecting rivets are surrounded by the water in said water space,
substantially as set forth.
12. The herein described bushings, consisting essentially, of rings approximately
U-shaped in cross section and provided on their outer sides with annular ribs or
shoulders, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
13. The combination of the boiler casing having flanged heads, the flue extending
through said casing, the flue jacket, the bushings interposed between the ends of
the flue and the jacket, and the tapering rivets connecting said bushings, flue, and

page_text: jacket with the flanges of the boiler head, said bushings being approximately
U-shaped in cross section with their open ends facing the annular space between
the flue and the jacket, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
14. In a steam boiler, the combination of the boiler casing, the flue extending
through the same, the jacket surrounding the same and having readily removable
extension pieces fitted to flanged openings in the boiler head, and the hollow
bushings interposed between the ends of the flue and the jacket, substantially as set
forth.
Dated this 12th dor of Februa1902
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.