matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER IN FURNACES, FLUES, AND CHIMNEYS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Knowles and Samuel
Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 24th April 1868.
We, JOHN KNOWLES, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
SAMUEL JACKSON, Auctioneer and Valuer, of the same Place, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
HEATING WATER IN FURNACES, FLUES, AND CHIMNEYS," to be as follows:-
Our improvement consists of or in apparatus applicable to furnaces, steam
and other boiler flues, draughts, or chimneys conected therewith, to be in
the shape of a box or boxes, pipe or pipes, tube or tubes, coiled or otherwise;
to be made of any (metal or) material most suitable for the purpose, and to
be placed in any fire, furnace, flue, draught, or chimney for the purpose of
heating water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Irlam Ellis at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
May 1863.
I, WILLIAM IRLAM ELLIS, of Vulcan Foundry, near Warrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, firstly, in forming the longitudinal joints of some or
all the cylindrical parts of steam boilers, at or near the top above the level of
the flues, tubes, or brickwork, if any are used, so that these joints may be
more easily accessible; and, secondly, in so constructing the fire-boxes of
locomotive and other similar steam boilers having internal fire-boxes (with an
enlargement of the width of the fire-box at or near the top with regard to
the width at the bottom) as to obtain a larger space for the tubes in the tube-
plate than has been done heretofore with fire-boxes having the same width
at the bottom.
A NEW SYSTEM OF FASTENING FOR DOORS, WINDOWS, SAPES, CHESTS,. AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Hancock and William
Henry Vickers at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 5th November 1863.
We, HENRY HANCOCK, of 28, Claylands Road, Clapham Road, in the
County of Surrey, and WILLIAM HENRY VICKERS, junior, of 24, Blackman
Street, Borough, in the same County, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW SYSTEM OF FASTENING FOR DOORS, WINDOWS, SAPES, CHESTS,.
AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a novel arrangement of self-acting or spring bolts
upon the back of a door, and all capable of being actuated at one time by the
mechanism hereafter described. To the end of each bolt is fastened a chain,.
which is carried to and fastened round a stud or nut in the centre of the door;
this nut is grooved, round which the chains are wound when the bolts are shot
back; on the door are fixed two spring catches, one for the purpose of releasing
the bolts, and the other for securing them when bolted. When the bolts are
required to be released a small key is inserted from the front, which acts upon
one of the spring catches; this spring catch releases the stud, by which movement
the whole of the bolts are shot, and thus the door becomes thoroughly secured,
while at the same time the other spring catch retains the nut, preventing it
from being turned. This system of fastening can be applied to doors with
the present locks. A steel guard is attached to the end of a. bolt, and passed

page_text: into the lock, forming a protector for the keyhole by the same movement,
thereby effectually preventing the picking of the lock.
This Invention is applicable to all kinds of doors, also for shutters, windows,
chests, and safes. We do not confine ourselves to the number of bolts, as
they may be varied as circumstances may require.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING HORTICULTURAL BUILDINGS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Nottage Miller at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
March 1863.
I, THOMAS NOTTAGE MILLER, of Bishop Stortford, in the County of Herts,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING
HORTICULTURAL BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in heating horticultural
buildings, and consists in combining two modes of heating heretofore practiced,
viz., flues on or near the floors of such buildings through which the heated
products from fires pass to the chimneys, and water troughs with perforated
covers, similar to those heretofore used in combination with boilers, suitable for
causing water to circulate in such troughs. For these purposes flues are
constructed in connection with the fires used for beating horticultural buildings
in a similar manner to what has been heretofore practised when such flues
alone have been employed. In some cases these flues are to be enclosed on
the sides so as to produce enclosed chambers. The water troughs are placed
over the tops of such enclosed chambers so as to be heated by the flues
and heated air therein, or the water troughs are to be placed on the tops of
such flues without any enclosure. Water is to be supplied to the water
troughs to make up for evaporation. Over these troughs are to be applied
perforated plates or covers, on to which, when desired, tan, sand, earth, or other
material is to be placed, so as to allow of pots being plunged, or plants, vines,
or trees planted therein.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN TAPS OR COCKS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE TO THE LUBRICATION AND PROTECTION OF THE JOURNALS OF REVOLVING SHAFTS, AXLES, OR SPINDLES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Inglis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1863.
I, ALEXANDER INGLIS, of No. 53, Arthur Road, Holloway, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TAPS OR COCKS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE TO
THE LUBRICATION AND PROTECTION OF THE JOURNALS OF REVOLVING SHAFTS, AXLES,
OR SPINDLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention is more particularly applicable to what are known as ball-
cocks, and relates to a means of lubricating the same, and also to the protection
of the conical plug or spindle thereof from the corroding action of the atmo-
sphere, and to prevent the introduction between it and the body of the cock of
any dust, dirt, or other extraneous matter which would tend either to set
the plug fast or to cause an undue wear and consequent leakage of the
same.
In carrying out my Invention I place a capsule of soft or compressible
metal over the line of junction between the conical plug of the tap and the
barrel in which it turns (one on each side of the body of the cock), and
underneath this capsule I place a ring of felt or other suitable material
saturated with oil for lubricating the conical plug of the tap. In order further
to prevent the admission of any corroding or other extraneous matter, I form
an annular groove round the barrel of the tap at each side of the body near
the edges of the capsule, and I compress the metal capsule therein by passing
a string or wire round and drawing the same tight.

page_text: In some cases I propose to form a small oil vessel in the capsule over the
felt ring so as to hold a larger supply of oil and to close the same with a small
screw.
It will be evident that this Invention is equally applicable to other taps or
cocks, and also to the lubrication and protection from dust of the journals of
revolving shafts, axles, or spindles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING DRAMATIC AND OTHER LIKE EFFECTS ON THE STAGE OR IN A Room
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by De Bosco Hughes at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th November
1863.
I, DE Bosco HUGHES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Scenic
Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PRODUCING DRAMATIC AND OTHER LIKE EFFECTS ON THE STAGE OR IN A Room,"
to be as follows (that is to say):-
This Invention has for its object the production of dramatic and other like
effects on the stage or in a room by means of an improved mode of casting
shadows or reflecting objects in such a manner that the reflection or shadow
is not inclined at an angle to the object itself. To produce this effect on (say)
the ordinary stage of a theatre, the Inventor places the object, the reflection of
which is to be seen by the audience from the body of the theatre, at the back
of a folding screen placed in the rear of one of the wings of the stage, and
reflects the object upon a vertical screen of clear glass placed obliquely across
the stage, by means of a lime light with two jets falling on to a lense thrown
upon the object from a point in rear, to facilitate which the light may be made
to pass through small openings formed in the wings. The back of the folding
screen it is preferred to cover with black or other dark cloth, flocked paper,
or other dark material. It is preferred in some cases to use smoked or
coloured glasses or other semi-opaque substance to subdue the rays of light in
introducing and withdrawing the shadow.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN IRON HURDLES AND FENCING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Simpson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 80th June
1868.
I, JOSEPH SIMPSON, of Darlaston, in the County of Stafford, Bolt and Iron
Hurdle and Fencing Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN IRON HURDLES AND FENCING," to be as
follows (that is to say):
My improvements consist in rolling iron, say, round or other convenient
sectional form, and having one or more fins or ridges formed along the same
in the process of rolling, and punching or pressing a hole through the vertical
standards of fencing. I purpose making the holes in the outer ends of the
hurdles of the general form of the rolled iron without the fin or fins, so that
by removing that portion from the rail a shoulder will be formed to hold the
standard, while the ends of the rail are rivetted over, and the intermediate
vertical standards are punched with holes of the exact sectional form of the
iron with the fin or fins, and by removing the fin or fins at the part where
the intermediate standards come, the rails have only to be turned around
when they will be fixed in position; and as a modification of this, I purpose
using cast or pressed washers with a hole punched or formed through them of
the exact sectional shape of the iron for the parallel rails, the said washers
being formed angular on the outside and with a circular incline around the
central hole, the purport of which is, that by cutting away sufficient of the fin
or fins to take the thin part of the washer and the middle upright, a common

page_text: screw wrench applied to the washers will turn them around sufficient not only
to lock the parts together, but also to unite the rail with the standard in a
very rigid and secure manner. And this mode may also be applied for holding
the ends as well as the intermediate standards of fencing; but if necessary
these circular inclines may be pressed on one or both sides of the vertical
standards, and a suitable wrench applied to the rail will turn it around until
the rail and standard-are firmly-united; and as a further-security,-a small iron
key may be driven, in so as to fill up the part of the orifice through the
standard through which the fin of the rail had passed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SHOEING HORSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Page at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd June
1863.
I, THOMAS PAGE, of Adelphi Terrace, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHOEING HORSES," to be as follows:-
My improvements in shoeing horses consist in securing a piece of wood,
gutta percha, or other suitable material, to the horse's hoof by marine glue or
other suitable cement, and securing the shoe to such piece of wood or
other material. By this means horse shoes may be fastened without driving
nails into the hoofs.
To fasten the shoes to the wood I imbed nuts in the latter and fit small
bolts thereto which pass through the shoe into the screw of the nut, and
thereby firmly secure the shoe to the wood. The heads of the bolts may either
be square or bevil countersunk like ordinary screws, so that the heads may be
flush on the under. side of the shoe; pins inserted across the screws will
prevent them becoming loose. Cement may also be used to cause the shoe to
adhere to the wood or interposed material in addition to tho screws, and two
or three nails or other fastenings may even be added to aid in securing the
wood to the hoof, or the shoe may be fastened with nails through the wood and
at same time taking a very slight hold of the hoof.
Horse shoes applied in this way may be taken off and renewed without
removing the wood or other surface next the hoof, it must however be taken
off periodically to pare the hoof, as well understood in shoeing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR STEERING SHIPS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Humphrys at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
February 1863.
I, EDWARD HUMPHRYS, of Deptford, in the County of Kent, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
STEERING SHIPS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for steering
ships. For this purpose I employ hydraulic power, there being a cylinder
and piston connected with the tiller, and giving motion thereto, the cylinder
being supplied with water or liquid under pressure from an accumulator or
chamber, in which it is kept at a constant pressure, and into which the liquid is
pumped by the engines of the ship; so far, however, the arrangement does
not differ from what has before been practised. According to this Invention,
however, on the bridge of the vessel or other place from which it is desired to
steer the ship, and at a distance from the steering cylinder, I employ a slide
valve contained in a chamber, and this is connected with pipes which are led
away to each end of the distant cylinder; the valve chamber also cominu-
nicates with the accumulator. The valve is connected to the steering lever,
and is moved by it so that when the steering lever is moved towards either
side it allows the water or liquid to flow from the accumulator to the steering
cylinder so as to produce a corresponding motion of the rudder. When the
valve allows the water or liquid to flow to the cylinder on one side of the
piston it allows it to escape from the cylinder on the other side of the piston,

page_text: but when the steering handle and valve are placed centrally, the liquid is
locked in the cylinder, and the rudder is held stationary wherever it may have
been placed. I lay the two pipes from the valve chamber to the steering
cylinder in a groove in one of the deck planks, and I cover the groove with
metal plate, so that the pipes may be out of the way of injury, and yet readily
accessible, and in the same grooved plank I place a rod which moves with the
rudder, and actuates an indicator placed near the steersman.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING LEATHER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
September 1863.-A communication from Toussaint Landrin, Manu-
facturer, residing at Place de la Monnaie, Nantes, Loire Inferieure,
in the Empire of France.
Ì, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, Patent Agent, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and
38, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING
LEATHER," a communication from Toussaint Landrin, Manufacturer, a person
resident at Place de la Monnaie, Nantes, Loire Inferieure, in the Empire of
France, aforesaid, to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in joining leather for harness, driving bands, boots
and shoes, and all other uses, while hiding the joint completely or partially at
will, by combining a gluing process with the ordinary sewing or with screws
or rivets. For this purpose when it is desired to join two bands of leather
they are slit longitudinally at each side to a suitable depth, leaving the parts
through which the threads, screws, or rivets are to pass a little thicker than
the others, then lifting up the thinner parts; the two bands are joined in either
of the ways above mentioned, the seam, screws, or rivets being placed at the
bottom of each slit, and the thin parts being turned down are glued or soldered
together in the ordinary way, strong pressure being applied to the whole. In
this way the seam, the screws, or the rivets are quite lost in the leather, and
the united 'bands do not present the slightest appearance of a joint.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMP-BLACK
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th May 1863.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMP-BLACK," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in manufacturing lamp-black by the pulverization
of charcoal in manner hereafter stated. I take cylindrical vessels, ono or more,
and mount them upon trunnions, so that they may be rotated at any speed
required; an aperture in the sido serves for the admission of the charcoal to
be pulverized, and also for the insertion of a number of balls or spheres of
iron, glass, stone, marble, or other like suitable material. The aperture is
then covered with wire gauze or perforated plate, which only affords passage
to the charcoal when in a state of fine powder. The cylinders are caused to
rotate, and the charcoal becomes reduced to impalpable powder or lamp-black
under the action of the balls.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING SHIPS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th October
1863. A communication from abroad by Eugène Mouline, of Paris, in
the Empire of France, Engineer.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING SHIPS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
a communication to me from abroad by Eugène Mouline, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, Engineer, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the substitution for the existing modes of pro-
pulsion of a pair of solid cylinders or drums placed parallel to the ship's keel,
and working water-tight through the stern of the vessel as deep below the water
line as possible. A longitudinal reciprocating motion is imparted to these
cylinders by means of pistons working in steam cylinders, and it is preferred.
to connect the propelling drums and cylinders directly to the actuating piston
rods. On imparting motion to the propelling drums they act as plungers upon
the solid body of the surrounding water, and being of considerable diameter,
they exert sufficient pressure to propel the ship ahead. Whilst the propelling
drums are making their outward stroke they are caused to exhaust or draw
the smoke and gases from the furnace, and to expel them during their inward
stroke through suitable pipes out at the bows and sides of the vessel, so as to
reduce the friction of the vessel on the water by interposing a film or films of air
or gaseous vapour between the sides of the vessel and the surrounding fluid;
these pipes are provided with suitable valves opening outwards to prevent the

page_text: water from entering, and other valves are provided to admit of the proper
passage of the smoke and gases through the pipes at each inward stroke of the
propelling drums. The exhausting effect is obtained by causing the two drums
to work in chambers or jackets which are in communication with the furnace
tbrough one set of pipes, and with the sides and bows of the vessel by the
other set of pipes above referred to. The propelling drums or cylinders should
be closed at the outer ends, that is to say, solid in external appearance, but
for the sake of lightness it is preferred in all cases to make them hollow, but
closed in all round. It is also proposed so to work the pistons of the steam
cylinders that the outer stroke of the propelling drums will be made at double
the speed of the return stroke.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES, AND THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wright at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st January
1863. A communication from W. Hainsworth, Ironfounder, St. John's,
New Brunswick, North America.
I, THOMAS WRIGHT, of Wakefield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES, AND THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR THAT PURPOSE,"
the same being a communication to me from W. Hainsworth, Ironfounder,
St. John's, New Brunswick, North America, to be as follows, that is to say:-
The improvements consist, 1st, in the peculiar form of the core bar,
which instead of being hollow is made with a solid centre, with radiating
flanges in the form of a cross or otherwise, so that the sand will be retained
on the core, thus dispensing with the core drying process.
2ndly, in making the core box in three or more parts, so that in forming
the core it is accessible the whole length of the core box, the said core box
being provided with hinges or joints in order to disengage the core when
finished.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAG MACHINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Dixon Asquith and George
Greenwood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 27th March 1863.
We, JAMES DIXON ASQUITH and GEORGE GREENWOOD, both of Morley, near
Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAG MACHINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object the separation of the untorn
wool or fibre.
rags from the
This is effected by continuing in the first place the usual cover of the swift,
so that the rags (torn and untorn) are brought to the front part of the machine;
and secondly, by placing a casing of wood or other suitablo material partly in
front of and partly underneath the feed cloth of the machine, as shown by the
Drawing annexed to this Provisional Specification. Within the casing we
place plates of wood or other suitable material in such positions that the
untorn rags, by reason of the current of air created through the speed of the
swift of the machine, are driven against them and fall down into recesses
prepared for the purpose, whilst the torn wool or fibre is carried by the current
of air through openings beyond the plates.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MEANS OF PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Yenn Meirat at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th October
1863.
I, YENN MEIRAT, of Henry Street, Hampstead Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OF PROPELLING VESSELS," to be as follows:-
My improvements in propelling vessels consist in the application of power
to that purpose generated by the water in which the vessel is floating being
admitted by a suitable opening or openings at the bow of the vessel and
conducted to a turbine or hydraulic apparatus disposed amidships. After
acting on the turbine the water is conducted by a channel to the stern of the
vessel, where it is allowed to escape; the difference of elevation in the ingress
and egress apertures gives a fall of water, which is utilized in and actuates the
turbine. I place the shaft of this turbine in suitable communication with the
paddle wheel shaft, or it may be the screw axis of the vessel, which will be
actuated by the motion of the turbine, and will so propel the vessel through
the water. The water passages and the turbine are in proportion to the size
of the vessel to be propelled, and the speed at which it may be desired to
propel her through the water.
An opening closed by a suitable valve admits the water at the bow of
the vessel near the water line, the water is conducted thence by a suitable
channel into a large circular chamber or reservoir disposed at the centre
of the vessel, into which the water flows up to the level outside; imme-

page_text: diately below the bottom of this vessel is placed the turbine, which consists
of a kind of wheel mounted on a vertical axis passing up through the
water chamber; this wheel has a broad rim furnished with buckets or
cogs on which the water acts. In the bottom of the reservoir are a
series of inclined outlets for the water arranged in a circular form and
coinciding with the buckets of the turbine. These openings are closed by a
suitable valve or valves, so as to regulate the admission of the water to the
turbine and so regulate the power of propulsion of the vessel, the water acting
on the inclined cogs or buckets of the turbine causes it to rotate, and a bevil
wheel being fixed on its axis communicates motion to the screw shaft by a
suitable bevil pinion fixed thereon, or it may be by other suitable gear. The
water escaping from the turbine enters a chamber immediately below and
extending along the bottom of the vessel, passing through which the water
finds egress at a valve aperture at the stern down near the keel.
MENTS IN TRANSFERRING PLAIN OR COLOURED PRINTS OR DESIGNS TO WOOD OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th May 1868.
I, WILLIAM SMITH, of Mauchline, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TRANSFERRING PLAIN OR COLOURED PRINTS OR DESIGNS TO WOOD OR
OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to a new mode of transferring coloured or plain
prints or designs to and upon dark, variegated, or light coloured wood or other
surfaces, and consists in covering all parts of the print or design over with
opaque white colour, made up with oil and varnish, and then pursuing any of
the usual modes of transferring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAWSE PIPES, MOORING PIPES, AND DECK CHAIN PIPES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hutchinson Baylis at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th August 1863.
I, THOMAS HUTCHINSON BAYLIB, of 55, Mornington Road, Regent's Park,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HAWSE PIPES, MOORING PIPES, AND DECK
CHAIN PIPES," to be as follows:-
The said Invention relates to the application of a revolving apparatus to
hawse pipes, mooring pipes, and deck chain pipes, and consists in employing
one or more rollers, wheels, or sheaves for chain cables, hawsers, or other gear
of a similar nature to move upon, whereby the friction is greatly lessened,
economy is effected, and relief is afforded in a variety of ways when the chain
cables of ships have to be moved. In the case of hawse pipes they are
supplied with a hood or covering, to be used when the cable is unbent to
protect the pipe from water. In the case of deck chain pipes, each roller,
wheel, or sheave is so constructed as to provide a groove for the cable to
move in, with the view of imparting smoothness and ease to its action. Each
deck chain pipe is supplied with a check action, hood, or other covering to be
used when the cable is stowed away.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wilson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th March
1863.
I, GEORGE WILSON, of Cyclops Steel and Iron Works, in the Borough of
Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS," to be
as follows:
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
springs. For this purpose the heated end of a bar of steel is made to enter
a cross head moved forward by steam or bydraulic pressure, or other means,
the cross head being shaped internally so as to bend the end of the bar of
steel into a circle of the required size, the other end of the bar of steel being
fixed in guides or slides, or by other means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING OR COVERING SHIPS' BOTTOMS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Frederick McKillop at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
June 1863.
I, HENRY FREDERICK MCKILLOP, Captain, Royal Navy, of Belvedere, in
the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING OR COVERING SHIPS' BOTTOMS," to bo
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in compositions for coating or
covering ships' bottoms. In making compositions for this purpose I combine
together lime (by preference the lime known as Aberthaw lime), tallow, and
sulphur, by preference, in the following proportions:-Lime, 7 cwt.; tallow,
1 cwt.; sulphur, cwt., and to these I prefer to add 1 cwt. of size. This
composition I do not apply directly to the ships bottom, but I first coat the
bottom with a composition of tar and sulphur, composed, by preference, of
8 parts of liquid coal tar and 2 parts of sulphur. This composition is applied
hot to the ships bottom, in the same way as when using tar only. After a
ships bottom has been coated with this latter composition, any number of coats
of the first composition may be applied to it; and in place of employing the
latter composition for first coating a ships bottom before applying the first-
mentioned composition other compositions or materials or paints may be
employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GRASS MOWING AND REAPING MACHINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Mattison and George
Barker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 12th May 1863.
We, WILLIAM MATTISON and GEORGE BARKER, of Leeming Bar, near Bedale.
in the County of York, Ironfounders, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRASS MOWING AND REAPING MACHINES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to simplify mowing and reaping machines,
and to have the cutting apparatus and the gearing for giving motion thereto
so constructed and arranged as to be self-adjusting to the inequalities of the
ground, also to be readily raised or lowered and put into or out of motion by
the attendant. The cutting apparatus is mounted or carried on framing which
is hinged on bearings in the form of bushes fixed to the ordinary framing of
the machine, concentric to the axle thereof, and so as to allow freedom of
motion. A cog wheel is placed on the axle capable of sliding into or out of
gear with another wheel or a worm fixed on a shaft mounted on the moveable
framing, on which shaft is a crank for giving motion to the said cutting
apparatus. The apparatus is raised or lowered, and the gearing put into or out
of motion, by means of levers or equivalent appliances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS AND AXLES, APPLICABLE TO LOCOMOTIVES, CARRIAGES, AND PADDLE WHEELS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Benoni Burden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
April 1863.
I, WILLIAM BENONI BURDEN, of Malvern, in the County of Worcester,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WHEELS AND AXLES, APPLICABLE TO LOCOMOTIVES, CARRIAGES, AND PADDLE WHEELS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of certain improvements in the construction of wheels
and axles, whether for carriages on common roads, or for locomotive engines
and railway carriages, or for paddle wheels of steam vessels. I propose to form
the arms of the axles of carriage wheels, or of other axles whereon the wheels
revolve, in such manner that they shall be horizontally at right angles to the
centre line of the carriage fore and aft, or to the line of progress, the same
being vertically declined to the extent by preference of seventeen degrees and
three-fifths or thereabouts, or not less than nine nor more than twenty-five
degrees. The wheels are to be so constructed that as they revolve on level
ground each spoke, or the medium line of the spokes, shall be vertical, notwith-
standing the vertical declination of the axle, so as to have an upright bearing
under the axle, the tires, if flat, being horizontal on the ground, but they may
be convex or of other sectional form.
For locomotives or for railway carriages, where the wheels revolve 6xed or

page_text: keyed on their axles, so that their axles revolve with them, the faces of the
wheels are to be horizontal on the rail, the centre line of each axle being
vertically declined, as before described, the bearing of the spokes between the
tires and the axles being upright, whether the faces of the wheels are horizontal
or otherwise on level rails.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS FOR PARING, RASPING, AND SCRAPING THE EDGES OF BOOT AND SHOE SOLES AND HEELS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Arthur Schofield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
June 1863.
I, EDWIN ARTHUR SCHOFIELD, of Eyam, in the County of Derby, Boot
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS FOR PARING, RASPING, AND SCRAPING THE
EDGES OF BOOT AND SHOE SOLES AND HEELS," to be as follows:-
Hitherto the edges of the soles and heels of boots and shoes have been pared,
rasped, and scraped by hand, and at more than one operation; now my
Invention consists in constructing an improved tool or apparatus, whereby the
paring, rasping, and scraping are all performed at one operation, in manner
hereafter stated. Upon the centre of a spindle held and free to revolve in
bearings in two uprights I fit fast and loose pulleys, and upon the ends of the
spindle beyond the uprights I fix, by nut and screw or otherwise, a tool con-
sisting of a toothed wheel, the teeth of which are formed with cutting edges,
and at one or both sides of this wheel guards in the shape of discs are pro-
vided. The shape of the toothed cutting wheels varies according to the work
to be performed. For instance, a different shaped wheel is used for acting
upon what are known as "military" heels from that which is required for
the soles of low-heeled boots and shoes; and for the soles of pegged, riveted,

page_text: and screwed work the guard on one side may be dispensed with, while for
ordinary sewn and stitched work a wheel with guards on each side should be
used, so that it may act all round the sole and heel. Motion is com-
municated from any prime mover through a belt or cord to the fast pulley on
the tool spindle, and the work, is presented to it, and moved by an attendant,
so as to cause the tool to act on the edges thereof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Paul Baugh Le Patourel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th September 1863.
I, JOHN PAUL BAUGH LE PATOUREL, of Piette House, Guernsey, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING
FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
My improvements in breech-loading fire-arms consist in making the breech
a fixed piece on the stock of sufficient length to receive the whole of the charge
within a chamber therein. This breech piece is reduced and shouldered down
at the nose or fore end, so as to fit into a recess formed in the rear end of the
barrel for its reception, being more or less tapered to ensure easy entrance and
accuracy of fit. The shoulders abut against each other, and altogether make
a tight joint. I make the barrel to slide forward a sufficient distance to free
the breech and afford room for the insertion of the charge. I slide the barrel
forward by means of a lever disposed under the stock, which lever also forms
the trigger guard; it is connected with the barrel by suitable jointed rods,
which when it is back in the closed position fall in and assume a straight line
and abut against each other to form a rigid resistance to keep the barrel up to
the closed position. A spring catch is applied to the end of the lever to secure
it in said closed position, which spring is released at the moment it is desired
to open the breech. The fire-arm is furnished with a lock and hammer and
is discharged much in the usual manner, preferring to conduct the passage
from the nipple to the centre of the charge chamber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, SUNSHADES, WALKING STICKS, AND WHIPS, AND IN BROOCHES AND OTHER ORNAMENTS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Francis Kain at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th June
1863.
I, JOHN FRANCIS KAIN, of Fleur-de-lis Street, Norton Folgate, in the
County of Middlesex, Ivory Worker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, SUNSHADES, WALKING
STICKS, AND WHIPS, AND IN BROOCHES AND OTHER ORNAMENTS," to be as
follows:-
Instead of connecting one portion or end of the stick of parasols, umbrellas,
or sunshades to the other portion by a folding joint, as hitherto, I connect
them telescopically in the following manner, that is to say, I construct the
handle end or portion of the stick of wood, ivory, or other material, which I
form hollow to the required depth, and I turn the inside surface smooth, or
line it with a smooth substance. The other portion of the stick I form of
cane or similar material of a diameter less than that of the handle or first-
named portion, so that the more slender portion may slide telescopically in and
out of the other portion. When the umbrella or parasol is to be closed, the
one portion is slidden into the other; it is prevented from sliding too far in
by a suitable stop. I form in the handle, hook, or end of parasols, sun-
shades, umbrellas, walking sticks, and whips a recess or an aperture closed at
one end. In this aperture or recess I place a perfumed or perfuming agent
in a pasty, solid, or semi-solid state; I then close the open end of the aperture
or recess by fixing thereto, a cap formed with perforations or small orifices.

page_text: This cap while protecting the recess and its contents sufficiently allows
odour to pass.
This method of applying and retaining perfume may be applied
to brooches and other ornaments for personal wear by forming them with a
recess or an aperture closed at one end and covering the recess with a fixed
perforated cap.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS, AND IN THE MACHINERY FOR PROPELLING THEM
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Henry Chadburn and
William John Tristram at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 17th September 1868.
We, CHARLES HENRY CHADBURN, of 71, Lord Street, and WILLIAM JOHN
TRISTRAM, of 84, Adlington Street, both in Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS, AND IN THE MACHINERY FOR
PROPELLING THEM," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in forming a ship or vessel in two or more parts in
its length, and securely jointing or hinging them together, so that the.
motion of the waves will produce a movement between the parts, which being
taken advantage of by means of connecting rods, beams, or levers attached to
one portion of a vessel, pumps in another portion of a vessel are worked by the.
motion of that portion of the vessel having the connecting rods or equivalents
attached thereto, and the power due to the descending weight, and the force
of the waves in raising alternately that portion of the vessel, which is connected
to the pumps, and the portion of the vessel containing the pumps and machi-
nery is employed for the purpose of actuating the propelling machinery, whether
the vessel has side wheels or a screw or screws. The motion which takes
place between the two parts of the ship may either be employed in working
air pumps for the purpose of communicating power to reciprocating engines,
which in turn may rotate the paddles or screw or screws, or the pumps may be
employed in forcing water through openings or passages at the sides or stern.

page_text: of the ship for the purpose of propelling, or propelling and steering the ship, or
for the purpose of working reciprocating or other form of hydraulic engine for
rotating the side wheels or other propelling apparatus ; or instead of the motion
of the parts of the ship being employed for working pumps or other means of
transmitting the motion, as described, the connecting rods between the portions
of the ship may be made to act direct upon cranks or wheels connected with
the paddles or screw or screws. An auxiliary steam engine or steam engine
of small power may be employed for navigating the vessel in smooth water.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF PRODUCING THE AURA-ELECTRIC GAS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Grossmith at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st January
* 1863.
I, JOHN GROSSMITH, of 85, 'Newgate Street, in the City of London, Mer-
chant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MODE OF PRODUCING THE AURA-ELECTRIC GAS," to be as follows:-
In the production of the aura-electric gas I claim the application of a new
radiator by acting upon a solid, and of the use of a radiating multiplied net-
work forming shelves, by which I present more surface for the air to act upon
the volatile liquid. I use multiplied wire network for every one of the shelves,
by which I present both top and bottom surfaces for radiation.
I claim the use of asbestos as my defuser of the volatile liquid, by which I
again present surface at all angles of my cylinder. In using asbestos I have
an insoluble material upon which the volatile liquid does not act, hence either
is more readily aerated, and the air becomes more readily carburated, by
which I produce a carburetted hydrogen gas most brilliant and lasting.
I use no heat nor fire whatever, but I furnish an improved apparatus by
the cold process of generating gas by using horizontal trays of multiplied wire
netting, on which a layer of asbestos presents multiplied surfaces through and
above, below, and all over and around each tray the volatile liquid is made to
pass.
I use no tubes nor cotton, nor any capilary action, nor any vertical arrang-
ment of tubes; I rely upon atmospheric and galvano-electric action, and use
the positive force of the oxygen by atmospheric pressure, change the polarity

page_text: of nitrogen from the negative to the positive, sending into my cylinder positive
together with the oxygen, leaving the negative law to work in combustion
outside in harmony with the hydrogen uninterfered with by version of polarity
and the physical laws of atmospheric pressure without.
I claim the use of zinc and copper, platinum, gold, and silver wires, by which
I promote electric activity.
I claim the use of a most delicately constructed valve, which controls the
pressure of the gas and prevents any reversion of polarity or flame back into
the cylinder, so that explosion is impossible.
I use the chemistry of light in the arrangement of my luminosity where the
celestial white light is required. I use oxygen 16, nitrogen 14, and hydrogen 1
when a redder light is required. I use oxygen in addition to the foregoing
proportions where a whiter light is required.
I claim the use of more nitrogen, and when intensity of heat, a greener and
bluer light are required, I claim the use of more hydrogen.
Regarding carbon as the result of the combination of the three foregoing
gases. I reserve the exclusive use of my apparatus for every purpose to which
it may be found applicable in the carbonization of common coal gas, to which it
imparts a double luminosity, as also in the generation of the aura-electric gas.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAPSULES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Neale at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th January
1868. A communication from abroad by Emile Barrault, of 33.
Boulevard St. Martin, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN NEALE, of No. 11, King's Road, Balls Pond, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAPSULES," a communication. from
abroad by Emile Barrault, of 33, Boulevard St. Martin, Paris, in the Empire
of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of capsules or coverings for the
tops of bottles, jars, and other vessels, (which capsules have been hitherto
usually made of one piece of flexible metal,) and consists in combining with a
disc made of wood, glass, or porcelaine, or other suitable material, which may
be embossed or otherwise ornamented, a piece of flexible metal similar to that
ordinarily employed in making metallic capsules, which metal, instead of being
cut into discs, and worked up into a shape resembling a thimble, is first
cut out by discs or other suitable means into or shaped somewhat resembling
a lady's collar, and is then, at a point near the narrowest part of such
piece, wrapped round the disc, and by the use of a cord or other pressure the
flexible metal is forced into a groove, or indentation formed on the edge of the
embossed or ornamented disc. These capsules may be affixed or fastened
to the bottles or jars by the ordinary means used for applying metallic
capsules.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING AND PRE- PARING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO BE SPUN
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Collinge at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th January
1863.
I, DANIEL COLLINGE, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING AND PRE-
PARING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO BE SPUN," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of adapting the ordinary fan to the purpose of cleaning
and steaming the fibrous material preparatory to spinning. I feed the cotton or
other material to the fan by means of an endless band, made of laths or other
suitable material, and I fix a grid inside the fan to allow the dirt or refuse to
fall through it. At the exit side of the fan I fix a wire tube, through which
the fibrous material passes into a steam chamber, being further cleaned as it
passes through the said wire tube. I cause a supply of steam to the said
chamber by means of pipes, so that as the fibrous material enters the chamber
from the wire tube, the steam from any convenient number of pipes penetrates
and saturates it.