IMPROVEMENTE IN WHEELS FOX PLOUGHS, CULTIVATURO, AND VARER IMPREMENTS OR CARRIAG CARRIAGES.
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Russell, of the Borough of Leicester, in the
County of Leicester, Ironmonger, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTE
IN WHEELS FOX PLOUGHS, CULTIVATURO, AND VARER IMPREMENTS OR CARRIAG
CARRIAGES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Russel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
June 1859.
I, WILLIAM RUSSELL, of the Borough of Leicester, in the County of
Leicester, Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention-for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR PLOUGHS, CULTIVATORS, AND OTHER IMPLEMENTS
OR CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in wheels for ploughs.
cultivators, and other implements or carriages. For this purpose I' form the
nave of the wheel in two parts. One, the outer part or front of the nave, is
either connected to or made in one piece with the spokes, and has a recess at
its centre to receive the end of the axle; the other part or back of the nave is
of a cup form, and has a hole through it at the centre for the passage of the
axle, and a flange round its edge, through which bolts pass to attach it to the

page_text: first part or front of the nave. Within the cup the axle has fixed on it a boss
or bushing of cast iron, which fits the interior of the cup. As the wheel is at
work the interior of the cup bears on the cast-iron boss on the axle, and these
consequently become the rubbing or wearing parts; and they are both easily
replaced when requisite. The part forming the front of the nave has a small
hole bored in it, by which oil may be poured into the space within the nave.
Around the axle and boss the hole is furnished with a screw plug, by which
it is closed when the oil has been poured in; the joints between the several
parts are made tight by leather washers to prevent the escape of the oil.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Russell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd December 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
RUSSELL, of the Borough of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Iron-
monger, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Russell, Her special licence that I, the said William
Russell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Russell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Ix-
PROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR PLOUGHS, CULTIVATORS, AND OTHER IMPLEMENTS OR
CARRIAGES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Russell, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Tavention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Russell, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in wheels for, ploughs,
cultivators, and other implements or carriages. For this purpose. I form the
nave of the wheel in two parts. One, the outer part or front of the nave, is
either connected to or made in one piece with the spokes, and has a recess at
its centre to receive the end of the axle. The other part or back of the nave
is of a cup form, and has a hole through it at the centre for the passage of the
axle, and a flange round its edge, through which bolts pass to attach it to the
first part or front of the nave. Within the cup the axle has fixed on it a boss
or bushing of cast iron, which fits the interior of the cup. As the wheel is at
work the interior of the cup bears on the cast-iron boss on the axle, and these
consequently become the rubbing or wearing parts, and they are both casily
replaced when requisite. The part forming the front of the nave has a small
hole bored in it, by which oil may be poured into the space within the nave.
Around the axle and boss the hole is furnished with a screw plug, by which
it is closed when the oil has been poured in; the joints between the several
parts are made tight by leather washers to prevent the escape of the oil.
And in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto

page_text: When the wheel is used as a plough wheel, the axle employed is a stud
axle, and is carried by an arm g', as the Drawing shows. I prefer to attach
the boss to the axle, when stud axles are employed, by casting it thereon.
In witness whereof, I, tho said William Russell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
SAMUEL STONE, Sol.,
Leicester.
WILLIAM RUSSELL. (L.B.)