Improvements in Carboys, Demi-johns, and we mkv
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Sept., 1898
Complete Specification Left. 1st June. 1897-Accepted, 17th July, 1897.
Improvements in Carboys, Demi-johns, and we mkv,
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to glass receptacles such as carboys demi-johns and the like
the outer surfaces of which are provided with envelopes or coverings of plastic
material, which, after it has set, protects the glass from the effects of the shocks and
concussions to which such receptacles are liable during transport.
The Raid envelope should be such that it not only provides the desired immunity
of the glass from fracture, but it should also be very light and elastic and offer great
resistance to moisture, in fact should possess all the qualities necessary to ensure its
durability..
The substance forming the protecting envelope is distributed in a suitable manner
over the surface of the glass, that is to say it is thickest at those parts which are the
most exposed to shocks; and thinnest at the hollow centre of the base of the
receptacle,
A hoop of iron or wood, protects the rim of the base froin the effects of shocks or
friction caused by contact with the ground; the form of the said rim or circumference
is such that the hoop or band cannot drop off.
The body of protecting material is in its turn surrounded by a jacket of very
strong cloth or metallic tissue, which adheres to such protecting material.
A second iron hoop or band is provided at the upper part where the circumference
of the receptacle is greatest.
The handles are usually formed of canvas and are fixed to the upper hoop by means
of staples or straps beneath which they are held in place by small rods inserted in the
canvas which is turned back near its edge and sewn so as to form a tube.
A collar which may be of either metal or wood, surrounds that portion of the
surface of the carboy, demi-john or the like near its neck at the top of the protecting
envelope.
A cap of metal, papier maché or wood rests upon the collar and is held in place by
a cord which is passed through eyes fixed to the said collar, such eyes traversing
corresponding openings formed in the cap. When this cap has been removed, the
liquid contained in the receptacle is of course still retained by the cork or stopper.
The protecting envelope consists of a paste formed from some fibrous or cellular
vegetable substance of any suitable kind; for instance from cork shavings or other
waste, saw-dust, bark of all kinds, chopped straw, rice waste, tow and in short any
suitable substance which is capable of uniting with mastic. For this purpose mastics
of very different kinds may be employed according to the nature of the substance
which is to be united and according to the use to which the receptacle is to be put.

page_text: The mastics I usually employ are those having a base of pitch or tar; I sometimes
employ a silicate or a solution of chloride of magnesium in which magnesite or the
like has been intimately mixed, but it will of course be understood that I do not
limit myself to the use of the mastics above described.
The paste when ready is applied to the outside of the receptacle by means of a
mould of suitable form, by filling the space comprised between the glass and the
internal surface of the mould, the said mould being removed after the paste has set.
Glass receptacles provided with a protecting envelope such as above described inuy
be stacked witliout danger in warehouses or trucks, while in the unlikely event of n
fracture of the glass occurring, there is sufficient time to decant the liquid without
loss owing to the impermeability of the outer covering.
Dated this 1st day of September 1896.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to glass receptacles such as carboys demi-johns and the like
the outer surface of which are provided with envelopes or coverings of plastic material,
which, protects the glass from the effects of the shocks and concussions to which
such receptacles are liable during transport.
The said envelope should be such that it not only provides the desired immunity
of the glass from fracture, but it should also be very light and elastic and offer great
resistance to moisture, and in fact should possess all the qualities necessary to ensure
its durability.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of a demi-john provided with my
envelope.
Figure 2 is an enlarged elevation of the upper portion thereof.
Figure 3 is a section of a portion of the bottom.
Figure 4 is an elevation partly in section of a demi-john having an outer jacket
of wire gauze.
Figure 6 a sectional view with a jacket of zinc or iron plate and
Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 4 but having a jacket of tar-board.
The substance forming the protecting envelope A is distributed in a suitable
manner over the surface of the glass, that is to say it is thickest at those parts which
are the most exposed to shocks, and thinnest at b where there is a hollow corresponding
with the centre of the base of the receptacle.
The hoop X, of iron or wood, protects the rim z of the base from the effects of
shocks or friction caused by contact with the ground; the form of the said rim or
circumference is such that the hoop or band X cannot drop off.
The body of protecting material is in its turu surrounded by a jacket B of
very strong cloth or metallic tissue, which adheres to such protecting material.
A second iron hoop or band C is provided at the upper part where the
circumference of the receptacle is greatest.
The handles G are usually formed of canvas and are fixed to the upper hoop C

page_text: by means of staples or straps E beneath which they are held in place by small
rods F inserted in the canvas which is turned back near its edge and sewn
so as to form a tube.
A collar S, which may be of either metal or wood, surrounds that portion of the
surface of the carboy, demi-john or the like near its neck at the top of the projecting
envelope.
A cap T of metal, papier maché or wood rests upon the collar S and is held in
place by a cord Z which is passed through eyes fixed to the said collar S, such eyes
traversing corresponding openings formed in the cap T. When this cap has been
removed, the liquid contained in the receptacle is of course still retained by the cork
or stopper Q.
The protecting envelope A consists of some fibrous or cellular vegetable substance
of any suitable kind; for instance cork shavings or other waste, saw-dust, bark of all
kinds, chopped straw, rice waste, tow and other similar substances. According to one
of the methods of carrying out my invention I cause the protecting envelope to
adhere to the glass by means of a suitable mastic. For this purpose mastics of very
different kinds may be employed according to the nature of the substance which is to
be united and according to the use to which the receptacle is to be put. The mastics
I usually employ are those having a base of pitch or tar; I sometimes employ
a silicate, or a solution of chloride of magnesium in which magnesite or the like has
been intimately mixed, but it will of course be understood that I do not limit
myself to the use of the mastics above described.
The paste when ready is applied to the outside of the receptacle by means of a
mould of suitable form, by filling the space comprised between the glass and the
internal surface of the mould, the said mould being removed after the paste
has set.
In some
cases I dispense with the use of a mastic altogether the protecting
envelope being retained against the outer surface of the glass by means of the
surrounding jacket only. Demi-johns of this description are shown in Figures 45
and 6 in which the outer jacket. B is formed either of wire gauze (Figure 4), zinc or
iron plate (Figure 5) or tar-board (Figure 6). In the case of a metallic jacket the
hoops X and C as well as the collar S may be dispensed with as shown in Figure 5
strengthening iron bands like those shown in Figures 4 and 6 are sometimes used
with metallic jackets.
Glass receptacles provided with a protecting envelope such as above described inay
be stacked without danger in warehouses or trucks, while in the unlikely event of a
fracture of the glass occurring, there is sufficient time to decant the liquid without
loss owing to the impermeability of the outer covering B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the invention and
in what manuer the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
Glass receptacles such as carboys, demi-johns and the like the outer surfaces, of
which are provided with protecting envelopes or coverings consisting of fibrous or
cellular vegetable substances (cork shavings saw dust, bark of all kinds, chopped straw
or other waste) which are caused to adhere to its outer surface of the glass either by
uniting them with mastic or by surrounding them with jackets of cloth, thin metallio
plates, wire gauze or the like.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, Loudon, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.