Improvements in Spindles for Spinning Machines and in Apparatus in Connection therewith.
Year: 1888

page_text: l'ate of Application, 5th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 18th May, 1889
PROVIDIONAL DROITICATION.
Improvements in Spindles for Spinning Machines and in Apparatus
in Connection therewith.
We, JOHN ALSTON HART of Higher Bank Blackburn in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer and DOCTOR CHARLES BAYNES of Knuzden House, Blackburn aforesaid,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our Invention to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to provide means for the more efficient lubrication
of spindles used in machines for spinning twisting and doubling cotton or other
fibrous or textile materials and to the more economical production of such means,
and relates to that class of spindles known as dead and live spindles, in which the
live spindle revolves concentrically around and may be supported by an inner fixed
or dead spindle.
According to our Invention an enclosed duct or passage is used to connect a part
at which the lubricating material may be received by such duct or passage with a
part from which the lubricating material may be delivered at, or in such close
proximity to the upper bearing, so that a suitable supply of lubricating material is
delivered to the bearing, and the surplus of which lubricating material may on its
descent lubricate the lower bearing.
The enclosed duct or passage is formed in the interior of the dead spindle and in
some cases the duct in the dead spindle is continued within a part formed in one
with or connected to the dead spindle.
In those cases in which the lubricating material is not delivered from the duct or
passage in the dead spindle directly at the upper bearing, but at a part in close
proximity thereto, grooves or other means may be provided, so that a suitable supply
of lubricating material shall be ensured to the upper bearing.
The receiving part of the duct or passage of each spindle may be supplied with
lubricating material independently or may receive its supply from another part duct
or passage common to two or more spindles.
The lubricating material is caused to flow through the enclosed duct or passage
within or connected to the spindle by means of gravity pumps, lifts, wicks or other
We may form a chamber about the lower bearing to collect the surplus
means.
LD07-

page_text: lubricating material and in this chamber or in a part in connection therewith the
lower bearing may be placed and so lubricated, and this chamber may be an
independent one or form a part of a chamber common to two or more spindles.
The surplus lubricating material may be removed from the chamber or chambers
through ducts or passages to a reservoir, whence by pumps, gravity, lifts or other
means it may again be caused to flow through the ducts or passages in the dead-
spindle and to the bearings, this circulation of lubricating material may be either
intermittent or continuous. We may in some cases reverse the flow of lubricating
material as described above, in which case the surplus of lubricating material after
lubricating the bearings would flow away from the bearings through the duct o
passage in the dead spindle. We may provide means for regulating the flow of
lubricating material to each spindle.
At a convenient part of the circulatory system we may provide a filtering press
settling tank or other means for separating the particles of metal or dirt which may
interfere with the efficiency of the lubricating material, and we may use means for
conveniently inspecting the condition of the lubricating material during its passage
through the circulatory system.
We may supply means for controlling the temperature of the lubricating material
passing through or about to pass through the ducts or passages and also about the
bearings and other parts.
We may circulate fluids capable of cleansing and removing impurities, and combined
with lubricating material or not as may be convenient, through the ducts tanks,
filter and about the bearings and thus cleanse them
We may also combine the circulatory system and other parts of our invention as
applied to a complete machine with those of other similar machines as may be desired
We may form the small duct or passage enclosed in the dead spindle, or in a part in
one with or connected to the dead spindle out of a piece or bar of suitable material
with a suitable hole formed in it by drawing rolling or otherwise and thus reducing
its size and that of its hole, and we may fill the hole in such bar or piece with
material capable of being easily removed when required and thus prevent the hole
or duct being unduly reduced or obliterated by the process of drawing rolling or
otherwise, or we may form the duct or passage by forming a groove on, or about the
surface of the dead spindle and enclosing a part of such groove by solder or otherwise,
leaving an enclosed duct in the dead spindle.
Doted thi th 1
C T1000
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
Agents

page_text: Improvements in Spindles for Spinning Machines and in Apparatus
in Connection therewith.
We JOHN ALSTON HART of Higher Bank Blackburn in the County of Lancaster
Engineer and DOCTOR CHARLES BAYNES of Knuzden House Blackburn aforesaid
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement.-
The object of our Invention is to provide means for effecting the lubrication of
the spindles of spinning machines used for spinning twisting and doubling cotton or
other fibrous or textile materials in a more efficient economical and expeditious
manner than hitherto The Invention relates to the class of spindles having a
rotating spindle (called the live spindle) which is supported by and revolves around
a stationary spindle (called a dead spindle)
According to our Invention we provide in on or about the dead spindle of the
said class of spindles an enclosed duct or passage in the nature of a tube through
which the lubricant can be delivered or drawn under any necessary or desired pressure
up to or near to the upper bearing of the live spindle in such manner that a proper
supply of lubricant under complete control is passed to the sad boaring without
removing the said spindle for the purpose. The lubricant may also in its passage to
or from the upper bearing be caused to lubricate the lower bearing
And in order that our Invention may be well understood we will now proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying drawings manners in which the same
may be performed
Figure 1 represents in vertical section a spindle provided with our Invention A is
the framing to which is secured by the nut a² the piece a in which the dead spindle B
is supported and secured by a nut b. Cis the live spindle which rests on the end
of the spindle B and has in its interior the bushing c which acts as the lower bearing
on the dead spindle B is the pulley or whorve formed on or secured to the
spindle C. Through the axis of the spindle B is a fine hole & forming a duct or
passage for lubricant as aforesaid. Secured to the lower end of the spindle B by
the union is a tube or piece 64 perforated through its axis by a hole coinciding
with the hole 6 in the spindle B the said piece 6 being preferably slightly flexible
and secured into a tube D so that its hole opens into the interior of the said tube.
The lubricant is passed into this tube (which may be common to any desired number
of spindles) and by a pump or other forcing device is forced up through the hole in
the piece 6 and through the hole 62 in the spindle B and passes out at the top
thereof and lubricates the top bearing. The said lubricant then passes down between
the spindles B and C and lubricates the lower bearing c and passes into the cup at a³
and therefrom by the passages at and groove a into the trough a from which' it may
be drawn off to again be supplied to the tube D. a' are plates to protect the trough a®

page_text: from the entrance of foreign matter or dirt. We prefer to cut away parts as at a³
in the frame A to facilitate the descent of the lubricant and prevent it passing
outwardly.
Figure represents a vertical section of another construction of spindle to which
our Invention is applied the parts which correspond with those shewn in Figure 1
being marked with the same letters of reference. In the arrangement here shewn
the separate piece 6* 15 dispensed with and the dead spindle is carried down to the
necessary length to be inserted at its lower end into the tube D. The lower bearing c
is carried in the interior of the cup as which is lengthened for the purpose the said
bearing e thus forming an outer bearing for the lower end of the live spindle C.
cis a piece (secured to or formed in one with, the live spindle C and encircling the
cup a³) for carrying the pulley or whorve c. a is an additional cup from which
the passages a lead to the grooves or passages as a as explained with regard
to Fig. 1.
The lubricant forced into the tube D and up through the hole 6 passes out at the
top bearing then down between the dead and live spindles into the cup a and thence
up past the lower bearing c and down between the cup and part c into the cup a³ (it
being prevented by the part c' from being scattered) and therefrom as described
with regard to Figure 1 it passes into the trough a®.
Figure 3 shews the perforated piece bent up to a high level and provided with
an enlarged mouth at the upper end of the hole 6 into which the lubricant can be
introduced or a tube D may be used at or about this level if desired to which any
number of the bent up parts 6* can be connected In this example the pressure
necessary to force the lubricant to the top bearing is obtained by the "head" of the
lubricant in the bent up portion of the perforated piece Figure 4 shews a top
bearing for the live spindle C it consisting of a bearing piece e flat (or slightly
rounded in either direction) at top and mounted upon the top of the dead spindle
the correspondingly shaped upper end of the orifice in the spindle bearing on this
bearing piece e there being some play between the said orifice and bearing piece and
dead spindle to allow of any slight sideway movement of the live spindle in relation
to the dead spindle Figure 5 shews a modification of the same kind but in which
the hearing piece e seats upon the top of the dead spindle and the live spindle is
formed with a projection entering the said piece e If the duct or passage be not
continued quite to the top of the dead spindle grooves or the like can be made
extending from the opening of the duct or passage so as to cause the lubricant to
be delivered to the top hearing. It will be readily seen that if the pipe D be
connected to the delivery of a pump and the trough a be connected with its suction
pipe that a circulation of the oil can be obtained and in any convenient part of this
circulating system we may provide a filtering press or device, settling tanks or other
means for separating foreign matter or dirt, means for inspecting the condition of
the lubricant (glass tubes in the cuculating system for example) and means for
modifying the temperature of the lubricant any either or all of these appliances being
used as may be desired.
It will be evident that the same ducts and passages will serve for the circulation
of a cleansing fluid for cleaning out the passages and bearings when desired Instead
of the lubricant being received in the trough a the supply may be delivered to or
contained in other suitable receptacle for instance in the cup a Figure 1 and a
Figure 2 (enlarged for the purpose) from which it may be drawn for re-supply to
the bearings as described and in this case it will be evident that the lubricant can be
caused to flow in a direction the reverse of that described.
When the cups a³ or a' are used as containers of the lubricant the passages a* a³ a
and parts a a' will of course not be needed.
Any number of spindles of one or more machines may be connected to one device
or set of devices and adjuncts for passing the lubricant to the bearings and receiving
it therefrom.
The lubricant may be caused to flow by pumps, lifts, capillary attraction (or gravity
or in any convenient or suitable way.

page_text: In order to adjust the area of the ducts or passages for the lubricant they may
be furnished with screws or other devices for more or less obstructing the ducts
or passages to the required degree to give a proper supply of lubricant to each
spindle.
The duct or passage 6 is necessarily a very fine one and in order to form it any
suitable means can be adopted for instance the spindle or part in which it is formed
can be made by taking a bar or piece of metal with a hole in it and rolling drawing
or hammering or pressing it so that the bar or piece is reduced in diameter the duct
or passage being correspondingly reduced by the operation or we may when the
perforated bar or piece is heated draw it out in the direction of its length so as to
reduce the diameter of the bar or piece and the hole in it (or we may preserve the
duct or passage by enclosing a thread of asbestos for instance which is removed before
the spindle is used) or we may form the duct or passage by making a groove in the
spindle or part in which the duct or passage is to be formed and filling it in to the
requisite extent by solder or the like a thread of asbestos being inserted in the groove
for preserving the required duct during the soldering process the said thread being
afterwards removed. We do not restrict ourselves to any particular method of
making the said duct or passage for instance it may be a small tube carried up the
dead spindle externally or in a groove therein.
We are aware that it has heretofore been proposed to cause oil to mount a spindle
by means of open grooves and we lay no claim to such an arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In spindles for spinning machines and of the description hereinbefore mentioned
a hole or enclosed duct or passage formed in or in connection with the dead spindle
for the passage of lubricant in such manner that the said lubricant can be delivered to
the top bearing under the requisite or desired pressure substantially as hereinbefore
described
2. The arrangements and combinations of parts constituting the spindles of spinning
machines as hereinbefore described and shewn respectively in Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. In spinning machines the combination with ducts or passages as hereinbefore
described and claimed of means for forcing lubricant into such ducts or passages and
causing a circulation of such lubricant substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 5th day of April 1889.