Apparatus for Breaking up Streets and Roads.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Sept., 1891-Accepted, 2nd Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Breaking up Streets and Roads.
We, ARTHUR ANNESLEY VOYSEY, of 36. Dale Street, Liverpool, and
101 Leadenhall Street, London E.C., Electrical Engineer, and HAROLD HERON
HOSACK, of Formby Lancashire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
-
According to this invention streets or roads are broken up by machinery
consisting of mechanically operated tools which are raised and fall onto the surface
to be broken up.
a
One form of such apparatus may consist of a plurality of tools arranged upon
truck or frame and raised by cams, toothed gear. friction gear, or their equivalents,
and then allowed to fall by gravity onto the surface which it is intended to break
or disturb.
When such machine is operated by a motor (that is not by hand), a
convenient kind of such motor for ordinary street or road work may consist of a
petroleum engine, and such engine will be arranged upon the truck or frame, and
work the tools. It is to be understood however, that a gas, steam, electrical, com-
pressed air, or water engine might be used in lieu of a petroleum engine.
A modified mode of operating the tools may consist in causing their descent to be
effected by mechanical means, or mechanical means combined with gravity, such as
by springs, compressed air, or like means arranged to act directly upon the tools or
indirectly through suitable mechanism.
According to one arrangement the tools may be arranged and adapted to be raised
and fall in succession, the tools being mounted in a frame and working vertically
therein by any of the means hereinbefore referred to.
For breaking up concrete streets or roads, asphalt or macadam, such tools may
have any suitable pointed form, and act as chisels or picks.
In cases wherein the depth of material through which the tools will have to work
is very considerable, and especially in cases wherein the stroke of the tools is less
than such thickness, the tools would be fed forward as the work proceeded. This
may be effected in cases where the apparatus is worked with cams, by making the
cam shaft adjustable vertically by suitable mechanism.
A modified mode of effecting the adjustment however may consist in raising and
lowering the tool frame as the work proceeds, or by adjusting the parts operated
upon by the cams.
if
The truck above specified on which the motor and tools are mounted may,
desired, be arranged as a locomotive, and so serve to propel itself as well as
work the tools whilst in another modification it may be combined with a steam
roller, or traction engine, or other motor used in or about the repairs of streets
or roads.
:
This invention may be carried out, and the parts arranged, combined, and
disposed in varying ways according to requirements, and to the conditions under
which it would be employed, and to the different purposes to which it would be
applied.
Dotad this 20th day of November 1800
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.

page_text: Apparatus for Breaking up Streets and Roads.
We, ARTHUR ANNESLEY VOYSEY, of 36, Dale Street, Liverpool, and
101, Leadenhall Street, London, E.C., Electrical Engineer, and HAROLD HERON
HOSACK, of Formby, Lancashire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
According to this invention, streets or roads are broken up by machinery
consisting of mechanically operated tools which are raised and fall on to or are
pressed into the surface to be broken up.
One form of such apparatus may consist of a plurality of tools arranged upon a
truck or frame and raised by cams, toothed gear, friction gear, or their equivalents.
and then allowed to fall by gravity on to the surface which it is intended to break
or disturb. When such machine is operated by a motor (that is not by hand), a
convenient kind of such motor for ordinary street or road work may consist of a
petroleum engine, and such engine will be arranged upon the truck or frame, and
work the tools. It is to be understood however, that a gas, steam, electrical,
compressed air, or water engine might be used in lieu of a petroleum engine.
A modified mode of operating the tools may consist in causing their descent to be
effected by mechanical incans, or mechanical means combined with gravity, such as
by springs, compressed air, steam, or like means arranged to act directly upon the
tools or indirectly through suitable mechanism.
According to one arrangement the tools may be arranged and adapted to be raised
and fall in succession, the tools being mounted in a frame and working vertically
therein by any of the means herein before referred to.
For breaking up concrete streets or roads, asphalt or macadam, the tools may
have any suitable pointed form, and act as chisels or picks.
In cases wherein the depth of material through which the tools will have to work
is very considerable, and especially in cases wherein the stroke of the tools is less
than such thickness, the tools would be fed forward as the work proceeded. This
may be effected in cases where the apparatus is worked with cams, by making the
cam shaft adjustable vertically by suitable mechanism.
A modified mode of effecting the adjustment. however may consist in raising and
lowering the tool frame as the work proceeds, or by adjusting the parts operated
upon by the cams.
if
The truck above specified on which the motor and tools are mounted may,
desired, be arranged as a locomotive and so serve to propel itself as well as
work the tools whilst in another modification they may be combined with a steam
roller, or traction engine, or other motor used in or about the repairs of streets
or roads.
This invention may be carried out and the parts arranged, combined and disposed
in varying ways according to requirements, and to the conditions under which it
would be employed, and to the different purposes to which it would be applied, and
in the examples of my invention shewn in the drawings hereto annexed, are illus-
trated some modifications and some combinations of the features, the nature of
which has been above described.
Figure 1 is a side 'elevation, Figure 2 a plan, and Figure 3 an end elevation of
one form of apparatus according to my invention..
Figure 4 is a side elevation, Figure 5 an end view, partly in section, and Figure 6
a cross section and plan of a modification of the invention.
Figure 7 is an end view, Figure 8 a plan, and Figure 9 a side elevation shewing
one modification wherein the surface breaking mechanism is directly combined with
an ordinary road roller or traction engine.

page_text: modified form of the apparatus shewn in Figures 7, 8 and 9.
Figure 13 is a side elevation, and Figure 14 a plan of another modification shew-
ing our combined road roller and surface breaking mechanism.
Figure 15 is a side elevation, and Figure 16 a plan shewing a modification of the
arrangement illustrated in Figures 13 and 14.
Figure 17 is a side elevation and Figure 18 a plan of another modification of
combined road roller or traction engine and surface breaking mechanism.
Figure 19 is a side elevation and Figure 20 a plan of a modification of the
arrangement shewn in Figures 17 and 18.
With reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3, the arrangement therein shewn consists,
mainly, of a petroleum or other motor, a trolley or truck, and a series of moving
tools which are raised and allowed to fall on to the surface to be broken. A desig-
nates, generally, the motor, which may be a petroleum gas or other motor; B is the
truck on which the motor is placed, and which is adapted to be driven from the
motor by the toothed gearing a, shaft a', and the worm gearing a by which
the shaft a and wheels a, fixed thereon, are rotated. Thus the motor is adapted
to propel the truck or carriage B, and the whole apparatus is in consequence loco-
motive. are the front or back wheels, as the case may be, of the truck, and is
a steering wheel by which the guide wheels and thus the whole apparatus is
maneuvred in the desired direction. C designates generally the parts of the
machine used to directly to break the surface of a road or street.
This latter portion, C, of the above apparatus consists of a number of tools d
mounted on the crds of vertical shafts or rods d', having upon them collars and
below weights d, the latter being keyed or suitably fixed onto the lower ends of d',
and serving also as sockets, into which the tools d fit. The rods d' are borne by and
work in an upper frame beam, which is adapted to slide or move in the vertical
planc, it being guided by the main frame fixed rigidly to the body of the truck b
by the transverse beams g. The sliding frame comprises a cross beam e mounted on
castings el sliding in the frame. These castings at their lower end are provided
with bearings in which the shaft works, and to the lower part of these bearings
is fixed a rod which passes through an internally threaded nut e, adapted to be
rotated within a bearing e fixed in the cross beam of the frame f. Thus when
these nuts are rotated, the rods e are raised upwards or lowered, and with them
the shaft and the whole movable frame. The castings a' slide in and are guided
by a fixed grooved guide rail on the frame. On the upper ends of the rods d
collars are provided, and between these and the upper member of the sliding
frame are provided springs by which the collars are cushioned at times when
they fall onto the cross bar e.
e
The rods d' are lifted by the cams i mounted on the shaft h, the action being that
when the shaft is rotated from the motor, through the belt or sprocket chain 7,
wheel and wheel, said cams are rotated, and acting upon the under side of the
collars d², lift them and the rods d', and then suddenly release them, whereupon the
elevated mass consisting of the rods themselves and the weight and other parts
thereon fall, and their momentum causes the tools d to enter the surface X to be
broken. As the tools enter the material X, (which may be concrete, macadam, or
the like) the whole sliding frame, with the shaft and the cams thereon, is lowered,
and the tools are thus fed up to the work as the surface is broken away beneath
them. The feeding is effected by rotating the nuts & through the helicycloidal
gear which is driven from the inotor through a belt or sprocket chain and
pulleys, which are fast and loose ones. The feeding down of the sliding frame
may be effected through a hand wheel to working a shaft e" having worms thereon
gearing with the wheels e' on the nuts e, whilst the feeding up after the whole
frame has made one descent, may be effected by the gear e' driven from the
motor.
The transverse beams y which support the frame f, are provided, in some cases, as
shewn, at their outer ends, with an adjustable supporting wheel g¹.

page_text: Of course the whole machine may be housed in or covered in with corrugated iron
or other material, if desired.
It may here be stated that the same, like, or equivalent parts are marked with
the same letters and figures of reference wherever they occur in the various views.
In the modification shewn in Figures 4, 5, and 6, the tools have vertical motion
as those in Figures 1, 2 and 3, but in this case they are raised directly by the
pressure of steam or other fluid. The cylinders d', in the lower end d³ of which
the tools d are fixed, are elevated by the pressure of steam which enters them
by way of the hollow piston rod ²x and piston d², such steam acting upon the
top cylinder cover. When they arrive at the top of the stroke, the supply of
steam is cut off and exhausted, and their own weight effects their descent. The
cylinders are guided, partly by the piston d², and partly by the bars and
sleeves 2 sliding thereon, the said bars 1 being fixed to or supported on the
frame ex, in the head or cross bar e* of which the piston rods are fixed. The
sliding frame castings are supported from the main sliding castings which
slide in the grooved guides or channels fixed upon the upright frame standards f
which are mounted in a socket in the truck B; and they are counter-balanced
by counterbalance weights W connected thereto by chains passing over
pulleys fixed at the tops of the standards. These main castings el are
coupled together by the cross bars or rods and the screwed rod ; and on
these rods or bars the frame castings ex, which carry the cylinders and
piston rods, move from side to side, so that a lateral adjustment of the tools is
afforded.
The whole sliding frame receives the vertical movement from the toothed rack e³
thereon, which engages with pinions e' mounted and fixed upon the shaft e, this
shaft being driven from the crank through the rode and toothed wheel gearing e,
one of which wheels is fixed upon the shaft e, on which the toothed wheels are
mounted.
Transverse movement is imparted to the frame castings and parts carried
thereby by rotating the threaded rod 4, which passes through threaded bosses *
on said frame.
The supply of steam to the cylinders d is controlled by ordinary three way
cocks, being the supply steam pipe and the exhaust pipe. The operation of
these valves is effected by tappets on the cylinders d' which come into contact
at the limits of the strokes of the said cylinders with stops on the rod connected
to the actuating cranks of the cocks . The pipe is connected to the boiler d
by a suitable flexible coupling, through which steam is supplied.
An ordinary sirap break m is provided in connection with the shaft for the
purpose of fixing the position of the sliding frame when it has been moved.
In this example shewn, the truck B is adapted to be propelled forward by a
toothed wheel a engaging with another toothed wheel a² connected with one of the
wheels a', the said wheel a being actuated by a ratchet lever and device a².
In lieu of three-way cocks, slide, or other steam distribution valves may be used.
The effect of the action of this apparatus is the same as that specified with
reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3.
In Figures 7, to 20 inclusive, we shew several modifications of the improvements
under our invention consisting of the direct combination and yonnection of a steam
locomotive road roller (or traction engine) and street or road surface breaking
mechanism, and these modifications forming this part of our invention we will
now describe. In all these figures and modifications, a steam road roller, such as
is used in, or about the repairs of roads or streets will be assumed to be the motor,
and is designated A. throughout; whilst the hind wheels are denoted at and the
fore one or ones b. The rear part of the roller, which in most cases will be the
water tank, is denoted throughout.
In all these cases the breaking mechanism may or can be applied to a roller
(which may be an existing one, without alteration) and disconnected therefrom at
will, and in a very short space of time.

page_text: With reference now to Figures 7, 8, and 9, the tools are of the kind set forth
with reference to Figures 1, and 3, and are similarly driven or operated, with the
exception that the motor, which in this case is a supplementary one, is mounted on
the sliding frame (designated ) and is denoted A., the motor driving the cam
shaft through the toothed wheels. The frame is raised and lowered on
the road roller A. by the screws e fixed to the tank of the roller by brackets *,
and passing through the internally threaded nuts or losses mounted on the
frame e. These threaded rods are actuated, that is rotated, in their bearings et by
the hand wheel e fixed on the shaft ", said shaft having upon it bevel wheels e
gearing with other bevel wheels at the upper ends of the threaded rods e³. It will
thus be seen that by rotating the wheel e in one direction or the other, the whole
frame e', with the supplemental motor A¹, will be raised or lowered on the threaded
rods e³.
The rods dare guided by the transverse bars of the frame e above and below,
and they may be held out of contact with the surface of the ground by lifting them
up and passing cotters through slots or holes d'.
It will be observed that in the arrangements shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3,
and 7, 8, and 9, the tools and tool frame are disposed to one side of the truck or
roller or traction engine, as the case may be: This construction is provided,
particularly, for cases where the invention would be more particularly applied for
breaking up or trenching concrete, macadam, or the like, along the edges or curbs
of roads or streets. The tools, however, for ordinary road breaking purposes may,
as will be evident, be disposed centrally behind the roller, engine, or truck, as for
instanec as in Figures 4, 5, and 6, and in other cases hereinafter described.
The modification shewn in Figures 10, 11, and 12, differs from that set forth
with reference to Figures 7, 8 and 9, in respect of the means for elevating,
lowering, and controlling the frame which supports the tools. The modifica-
tion consists, mainly, in the employment of a hydraulic mechanism in lieu of a
screw mechanism for these purposes. It consists of a hydraulic cylinder
within which is a fixed piston mounted on the fixed piston rode, the cylinder
being fixed or mounted on the tool frame e', while the piston e is mounted in
and held by the bracket *. The water which is used in the cylinder ® is
provided from the boiler through the pipe, so that the pressure within the
boiler of the roller serves as the motor fluid. The pipe leads by way of
jointed tubes n' to the upper end of the cylinder e, where it joins a pipe n²
communicating between the opposite end of said cylinder, a cock being
provided on the pipe behind the junction of the pipe 22 with 3, whereby
communication between the opposite ends of the cylinder is made and broken
as desired.
This cock n³ is operated by a long stem which slides through
the boss of a handle n", whose position, with respect to the vertical plane, is
fixed, but which is free to be turned about in the horizontal plane. By moving
this handle in the horizontal plane, the cock a³ is actuated, and the communica-
tion referred to made or broken. The cock is shut for and in the upstroke of
the cylinder e, as in this stroke the pressure of water from the boiler required;
and the supply of water from the pipe to the top end of the cylinder is
given by opening another cock nº. For the descent of the cylinder and frame el.
the cock is shut, and ³ is opened when the weight of the frame tools,
cylinder, and other parts, cause the water to be forced through the cock n³ and
pipe from the top of the cylinder to the bottom. Of course, accordingly as
the cock is more or less open, so will the descent of the parts be more or
less rapid. As soon as the cylinder reaches the end of its down stroke the
cock n is again opened by its handle n coming into contact with a stop n³ on
the roller. Then at the upper end of its stroke, this handle comes in contact
with another stop n°, whereby it (the cock) is again shut. The water discharged
from the lower end of the cylinder in its elevating stroke may be returned
to the tank b³. The rod on which the bracket 2 of the frame e moves, is

page_text: supported by brackets ex fixed upon the tank 3 of the roller A. This rod and
bracket are provided to steady and guide the movement of the frame e', whilst
the weight of such brackets serves to counterbalance, somewhat, the weight of
the frame.
The driving motor A³ (see Figure 12) in this case is arranged in relation to
the tools, and actuates same, in precisely the same manner as that described
with reference to Figure 7.
In the combination of steam road roller and macadam breaking mechanism,
shewn in Figures 13 and 14, the tools d are operated from the propelling
engine of the roller A. through a belt or sprocket chain j running over the
flywheel or sprocket wheel connected therewith, and a pulley or sprocket
wheel mounted on the shaft supported in the movable frame el, motion from
the shaft being communicated to the tools through the pulley or sprocket
wheel on the shaft h, pulley or sprocket wheel on the shaft which supports
the tool holder d', and a band or sprocket chain connecting the wheel and
the wheel j. The movable frame e is moved up and down (for the purpose
of bringing the tools into their work and raising them from it) by the threaded
rode, actuating handle et thereof, and nut e, through which the rod ³ passes
and works. The lower end of the rod e³ works in a bearing in the transverse
rode, which is supported at its ends to the side bars forming the frame e¹.
The nut is fixed on a shaft supported in upper bearings fixed on the
tank of the roller: The frame e is connected to the roller tank 3 by the
lower coupling bars or frames . By these coupling or supporting bars the frame
is kept in the vertical position when raised or lowered.
The tool holder in this case is a barrel, the tools & being fixed therein in any
known suitable way. The barrel d' is adapted to be rotated in the direction of the
arrow shewn in Figure 13. and its rotation in this direction, aids in the propulsion
of the roller A. As a modification, however, it may be adapted to be rotated in
the opposite direction, in which case the tools lift the macadam.upwards and break
the surface in that manner; whereas when the barrel is rotated in the other
way, the tools are forced into the surface from the top. In the case in which the
barrel rotates in the opposite direction to the arrow, spikes may be put in the
propelling large wheels af of the rollers to increase tractive power of same.
spikes may also be used on the wheels a' in cases where the road breaking mechanism
is arranged and adapted to work as in Figures 13 and 14, or where desired.
The tools d, in this arrangement (Figures 13 and 14) are forced in the surface of
the road and kept therein by the rod e³, through which the weight of the roller A.
will be transmitted to the barrel.
P
These
In the modification of the arrangement shewn in Figures 13 and 14 given in
Figures 15 and 16, the tools are forced into the road surface and kept therein by
weights fixed to the overhanging or rear end of the movable frame e¹. This frame
is connected together by, and supports the shaft above, and the shaft of the tool
holder or barrel below, and is itself connected directly to the tank 3 of the
roller A. by the hinge connection 15. Otherwise than in these respects, the arrange-
ment shewn in Figures 15 and 16, and its mode of operation, is similar to that set
forth with reference to Figures 13 and 14.
As a modification of the arrangement shewn in Figures 13 to 16, in lieu of the
tool holder barrel being driven by the two sets of belt or sprocket gearing, as
specified with reference thereto, such tool. holder may be driven direct by one set
from the fly wheel, if desired. Or again, such tool holder may be driven, that is
rotated from a sprocket wheel or sprocket wheels on or connected with the main
road wheels at of the roller A, as for instance, after the manner hereinafter set
forth with reference to Figures 17 to 20; but in cases where a high rate of speed
is required for the tools it is preferred to drive from the fly wheel or fly wheel shaft
of the roller.
Another modification connected with the operation of the tool holder barrel d¹

page_text: consists in arranging it in connection with the roller substantially as described and
shewn, but without rotating it otherwise than by the rotation it would receive when
moved along the road with the roller.
With reference to Figures 17 and 18, the frame e' in this case has the tools d
connected to it directly, that is in the tool holding portion thereof, it being fixed
to or mounted on the roller A by the hinges similarly to the frame shewn in
Figures 15 and 16; whilst the driving shaft is a fixture and adapted to revolve
in the bracket, the frame e being operated, that is raised, and allowed to suddenly
fall, by cams i fixed on said shaft and adapted to work in connection with the
anti-friction rollers on the frame e'. According to the number of cams on the
shaft and working in connection with the rollers, so will be the number of
times the tools d are raised and fall in one revolution of the shaft. h. This shaft
shewn in the figures is driven from a sprocket wheel fixed on the driving
roller af of the roller A through the sprocket chain and smaller sprocket whee!
on said shaft. In lien, however, of driving in this manner, it may be driven from
the engine of the roller after the manner set forth with reference to Figures 13to 16.
The arrangement shewn in Figures 19 and 20 is a modification of that shewn in
Figures 17 and 18, that is to say, the frame e' is disposed in the converse manner
of that shewn in Figures 17 and 18, and it is mounted in supplemental frames /
which connect it to the roller. These connecting frames are hinged at 65 to the
tank 3 of the roller, and carry the shaft on which the cams i are fixed and work;
whilst the frame e itself is mounted upon a shaft held at its ends in the frame
bars, the outer ends of the bars themselves being supported from the road by
rollers o mounted on spindles o fixed to said frame bars. The actuation, that is
raising and subsequent fall of the frame e' with its tools d, is substantially the same
as that set forth with reference to Figures 17 and 18.
ሃ
:
The apparatus shewn in Figures 1 to 12 are particularly applicable for breaking
up concrete street bottoms, as well as for breaking up macadamn roads; while the
arrangements or modifications shewn in Figures 13 to 20 are particularly or solely
designed for breaking up macadam roads." And it may be here stated that this
invention, (that is the machinery herein described) is not designed nor suitable for
general agricultural purposes, for which we are aware many different kinds of rotary
digging and like machinery have been designed to be propelled and actuated by
traction engines for tillage purposes; and on the other hand, such agricultural
machinery would not or cannot effect the end, the object of this invention, namely,
the breaking up of hard macadam roads and streets or street bottoms.
In the application of the invention to the breaking up of macadam roads, the
tools will be adapted to enter the surface of the road to the extent of only a few
inches, say from two to six inches in most cases, as this depth is that to which it is
most frequently desired to limit the entrance of the tools into the macadam.
In all cases herein illustrated, wherein a road or street breaking mechanism is
combined directly with a locomotive road roller or traction engine, the means of
connection of said mechanism with the roller or traction engine are of such a nature
that it, the said mechanism, can be easily and quickly removed from the roller or
traction engine, and the engine or roller can then be used for ordinary or other
purposes. It can also he quickly connected or fixed on the roller or traction engine.
Furthermore, it will be plain that the mechanisms set forth can be readily fitted to
existing locomotive road rollers or traction engines: the locomotive rollers A. shewn
in the different figures are according to common and well known types. These facts
regarding the connection and disconnection of the breaking mechanism to and from
the roller or traction engine, and its applicability to existing ones, will be evident to
those skilled in the art concerning this class of inachinery.
Having now fully described and illustrated by examples, the nature of our inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, in conclusion we desire to
remark, that in the foregoing Specification we have described, in connection with
the accompanying drawings, completely arranged or organized apparatus for

page_text: breaking up macadam roads, streets and street bottoms, such as concrete bottoms,
having various novel features which have been above specified (and which are more
particularly pointed out or referred to in the following claiming clauses), but these
novel features, it is to be understood, may be employed individually as well as con-
jointly, in apparatus or machinery for breaking up such roads or concrete or the
like, since they are not necessarily dependent upon each other; they may obviously,
therefore, be employed, one or more of them, in road breaking, concrete breaking,
or like machinery, which in other features may differ from what we have shewn,
We desire it also to be distinctly understood that our invention is not limited to
the precise forms or constructions of parts described, since their equivalents may be
employed, and various modifications, not differing or departing from their essential
or controlling features or purposes, may be substituted, without departing from
either the purpose or scope of this invention. On the other hand, we wish it to be
understood that we make no claim generally to apparatus moved by traction
engines for breaking up streets or roads. that is, to apparatus moved by other than
manual power, as we are aware that apparatus of such a kind has heretofore becu
proposed, but what we do claim in respect of or under the herein described
invention is :-
1. Apparatus for breaking up roads or streets comprising a motor mounted on
wheels, and a plurality of tools on said apparatus adapted to be operated by said
motor or moved thereby; substantially as herein set forth and shewn in the
drawings hereto annexed, or any mere modification thereof.
2. Apparatus for breaking up roads or streets comprising a plurality of tools
mounted in a frame having vertical adjustinent, and adapted to be raised and let
fall, said tools being lifted by cams operated by a motor; substantially as herein
set forth.
3. Road or street breaking apparatus comprising one or more cylinders having
pistons therein and adapted to be operated by steam compressed air or like fluid
and one or more tools connected therewith, raised off the surface to be broken by
said cylinder, and then allowed to fall thereon, or forced thereon, the movement of
said tools being in the vertical plane, or substantially in the vertical plane;
substantially as herein set forth.
4. In a macadam road or street breaking apparatus, the direct combination and
connection with a locomotive road roller for use in or about the repairs of roads or
streets (or a traction engine), of mechanism or means adapted to act upon the
macadam, as or substantially as in the manner herein set forth.
5. In a macadam road breaking apparatus, the direct combination with a logo-
motive road roller used in or about the repairs of roads (or a traction engine), of
road breaking mechanism comprising tools adapted to be moved, and meaus sub-
stantially as described by which the actuation of said breaking mechanism is
effected by the engine of said roller or traction engine (or supplemental engine
thereon), whereby said roller or traction engine serves to move forward the
apparatus and actuate the tools as well; substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
6. A macadam road or street breaking apparatus comprising a mechanically
propelled or locomotive road roller (or traction engine) having combined directly
with it a breaking mechanism having suitable breaking tools thereon, and wherein
the weight of the roller or traction engine serves to press the tools into, or keep
them in, the macadam; for the purposes herein set forth.
7. A macadam road or street breaking apparatus comprising a locomotive road
roller or traction engine, and road breaking mechanism consisting of tools (such as
specified), supported in a frame, said frame being directly connected to or combineil
with the rear portion of said roller or traction-engine, and adapted to be operated
substantially as herein set forth.
8. A road or street breaking apparatus consisting of a locomotive road roller
or traction engine having directly combined with it a breaking mechanism, such

page_text: connection with said roller or traction engine being so made, that said breaking
mechanism can be quickly removed therefrom (or quickly fixed thereto when
desired) and the roller or traction engine employed for its ordinary or other
purposes; substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
9. A road or street breaking apparatus consisting of a locomotive road roller or
traction engine having directly combined with it a breaking mechanism so fitted
thereon, as to be moved onto or off the surface to be broken, and kept off, when.
desired, at will; substantially as set forth.
10. A. street or road breaking apparatus having its parts arranged, constructed,.
and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to, and shewn in, Figures 1, 2,
and 3 of the drawings.
11. A street or road breaking apparatus having its parts arranged, constructed,.
and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 4, 5
and 6 of the drawings.
12. A street or road breaking apparatus having its parts arranged, constructed,.
and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 7, 8.
and 9 of the drawings.
13. A street or road breaking apparatus having its parts arranged, constructed,.
and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shewn in Figures 10, 11
and 12 of the drawings.
14. A macadam road or street breaking apparatus having its parts arranged,
constructed, and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shewn in
Figures 13 and 14 of the drawings.
15. A macadam road or street breaking apparatus having its parts arranged,
constructed, and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shown in
Figures 15 and 16 of the drawings.
16. A macadam road or street breaking apparatus having its parts arranged,.
constructed, and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shewn in
Figures 17 and 18 of the drawings.
17. A. macadam road or street breaking apparatus having its parts arranged.
constructed, and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and shewn in
Figures 19 and 20 of the drawings.
Dated this
autou In
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicants' Patent Agents.