Improvements in Knurling Tools for Use in Lathes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1899-Accepted, 3rd Mar., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Knurling Tools for Use in Lathes.
I, CHARLES ETHAN BILLINGS, of No. 86, Buckingham Street, Hartford, in the
County of Hartford and State of Connecticut, one of the United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to metal-working machines, and more especially to those
which are generally known as "nurling-machines" employed for indenting or
roughening the outer surfaces of cylindrical or other forms of bodies; and my
invention has for its object the provision of a machine of the character described
the tools of which may be held in the tool-post of a lathe and automatically fed
along the work without danger of springing or bending the same during the
nurling operation.
A further object of my invention is to so arrange the nurling wheels or rolls
that they may center themselves relatively to work. vertically, while they are
properly positioned laterally by the movement of the tool-slide on the rest, with-
out necessitating a fine adjustment of the rolls in the tool-post, as will be herein-
after described.
In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1
represents a cross-section of a lathe-bed having my invention applied thereto in
position to be employed on a body supported in alinement with the tail-stock
spindle. Fig. 2 is a front view of the nurling-tool. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section
on line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents a longitudinal vertical section of the
tool; and Fig. 5 a piece of metal having its surface nurled by the tool.
Similar characters of reference designate like parts in all the figures of the
drawings.
In the drawings 10 designates the bed of a lathe; 11 the tail-stock; 12 the
slide-rest supported on ways on the bed; and 13 the tool-slide adjustable on said
slide-rest by the hand-wheel 14 and screw 15, said slide-rest being adapted to be
moved longitudinally on the ways by the hand-wheel 16, connected through a
pair of gears 17 and 18 with a pinion 19, in engagement with the rack 20; or
said rest may be moved by the lead-screw 21 and worm 22, in engagement with a
worm-gear 23, which may be clutched to the pinion 17, all the elements so far
enumerated being of well-known construction.
Adjustably held on the tool-rest 13 is a post 24, adapted to receive tools of
various kinds, a nurling-tool constructed in accordance with my invention being
illustrated as having its shank clamped in place by the screw 25.
The construction of my improved nurling-tool is particularly shown in Figs. 2
to 4, inclusive, and embodies a shank portion 26 and a head portion 27 for
supporting the nurling-rolls. The head portion 27 consists of a cylinder, or block
of other form, slotted at its front end, as at 28, and provided with recesses 29-30,
said recesses being adapted to receive the arms 31 and 32, the neck portions 33
of which (see Fig. 3) are made to fit the slot 28, as above referred to; and said
arms are shown threaded and adapted to be engaged by the right-and-left-hand

page_text: threads 34 and 35, respectively, of a screw 36, having a reduced portion 361, engaged
by a lug 37, which is formed in the head 27, (see Figs. 3 and 4,) so that by these
means the arms 31 and 32 may be caused to approach or move away from each
other, according to the direction in which the screw is rotated, for which purpose
a thumbpiece 38 is provided, said thumbpiece being attached to the screw by a
pin 39. The outer ends of the arms 31 and 32 are bifurcated to receive the
nurling-rollers 40 and 41, respectively, which are journaled on studs 42 and 43.
In order to obviate the difficulty of adjusting the nurling-tool in the post 24
so that both of the rollers 40 and 41 may bear against the work with equal pres-
sure, means are provided whereby said rollers will automatically adjust themselves
relatively to the blank to be nurled. Said means may be variously constructed,
but, as shown, consist of a rocking connection between the head 27 and shank 26.
By reference to Fig. 3, it will be observed that the head 27 is provided with a
flange 44, carrying a stud 45, which projects through an aperture in the forward
end of the shank 26, and which is held in rocking relation to said shank, and in
position thereon, by a nut 46, bearing against a shoulder 47, whereby a swinging.
movement of the head is permitted, such movement being limited by the stop-
faces 26-26. (See Fig. 4.)
From the foregoing it is evident that it will not be necessary to center the
nurling-tools relatively to the work, since by virtue of a rock-joint between the
head and shank the rolls are permitted to move bodily in a vertical arc, so that
when the distance between said rolls corresponds to the size of the work to be
nurled the lateral advancing movement of the tool-slide 13, until the axis of the
work and the centers of rolls coincide, will cause the rolls to center themselves
relatively to the work and to engage the surface thereof at diametrically opposite
points and with equal pressure without liability of springing the same.
Various means may be employed for retaining the nurling-rolls in proper
adjusted position relatively to each other, and in some cases (when the work is of
irregular shape) the adjusting-screw may be dispensed with and other means for
holding the rolls in contact with the work substituted therefor.
While a particular form of rocking joint is illustrated and described by means
of which the nurling-tools may be automatically adjusted to the work, yet it is
distinctly to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto but includes
within its scope any suitable form of connection whereby the result set forth may
be accomplished.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination, with means for supporting the work, of a pair of nurling-
tools located upon diametrically opposite sides of the work, and means for so
supporting said tools that they will automatically adjust themselves to the work.
2. The combination, with means for supporting the work, of a pair of nurling-
tools located upon opposite sides of the work; a device on which said nurling-
tools are mounted, said device being adapted to be received in the tool-post of a
lathe; and means mounted at one end of said device for so supporting the nurling-
tools that they may be automatically adjusted to the work.
3. The combination, with means for supporting the work, of a tool-post, mounted
on the slide-rest of a lathe; a pair of nurling-tools located upon opposite sides of
the work and carried by a device having a shank adapted to be clamped in said
tool-post; and means for so supporting the nurling-tools in said device that they
may be automatically adjusted to the work.
4. The combination, with means for sustaining the work, of a slide-rest; a
tool-post mounted thereon; a head having a shank secured in said tool-rest; a
pair of nurling-tools mounted in said head; means for adjusting said tools toward
and from each other; and a device carried by the head and adapted to have a
rocking movement in the shank.

page_text: 5. In a machine of the class specified, the combination, with means for support-
ing the work, of a tool-post; a head having a shank supported in said tool-post;
a pair of nurling-tools mounted for adjustment toward and from each other on
said head; and means whereby the head may have a rocking movement in its
support to enable the nurling-tools automatically to adjust themselves to the
work.
6. A tool consisting of a head having a shank; a device carried by the head and
adapted to have a rocking movement on said shank; a pair of nurling-tools
mounted on the head; and means for adjusting said tools toward and from each
other.
7. A tool consisting of a chambered head having a shank connected thereto by
a swinging joint; a pair of nurling-tools supported by arms mounted in chambers
of the head and passing through a slot therein adjacent to such chambers; and
means for adjusting said nurling-tools.
8. A tool comprising a chambered head; a shank on which said head is mounted
for rocking movement; screw-threaded arms mounted in the chambers of the
head and extending through a longitudinal slot adjacent to said chambers;
nurfing-tools carried by the arms; and a right-and-left-hand screw for adjusting
said arms.
9. A tool consisting of a chambered head having a longitudinal slot in one of
its walls; a shank or support to which said head is connected by a rocking joint;
threaded arms mounted in the chambers of the head and projecting through the
and means for
longitudinal slot of said head; nurling-tools carried by the arms;
adjusting said arms toward and from each other.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.