Year: 1886

page_text: DIVINETB,
I, JAMES WARD MILLIGAN, of 36, Lancaster Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
(a communication from Edward Weissenborn, of Jersey City, in the County of
Hudson, State of New Jersey, United States of America) to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved pencil attachment for the use of draughtsmen,
students, and persons in different mechanical pursuits.
It consists:-
First. In the combination with a pencil, of an improved construction of compass.
Secondly. The combination of a compass and divider with a pencil.
Thirdly. The combination with a pencil, of a compass or divider, and a protection
for the point of the pencil and the compass leg or legs, sò arranged as to prevent
the points of the latter from doing injury, while being carried in the pocket.
In carrying out my invention, I use an ordinary lead or other pencil either
square, sexagonal, cylindrical, or of any other sectional form.
To this pencil I fit a slide, formed of thin metal, which slide has sufficient friction
to hold it in position. The slide is formed, on one or both sides, so as to receive
the large end; or large ends, of one or two compass leg or legs. These legs are
preferably formed of thin metal stamped to an U form, or to modifications of such
form, but they may be otherwise made. The outer ends of the compass legs are
slightly bent inwards, in order that they may enter suitable guards or receptacles
for protecting the same, when in the pocket.
Thin spring washers, of a dished form, are used to retain the large ends of the
compass legs in position on the slide which washers prevent the compass legs from
becoming loose in their sockets; the legs being secured to the slide by small
cylindrical pieces of metal, through which rivets pass to the washers.
A point protector is fitted to the pencil, which can be placed at either end of the
instrument. When placed at the upper end it forms a convenient handle, and when
placed at the lower end, it is in position for receiving the ends of the compasses,

page_text: :
and protecting the points, when placed in the pocket. The point protector may
be formed of metal or rubber, or other suitable materials.
In using the instrument, one compass leg may be applied to the centre, and the
pencil may mark the circle; or two compass legs may be used as dividers; and
other obvious applications may be made.
A screw ferrule is sometimes placed at the lower end, (with or without an eraser),
for greater security in the pocket.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pencil Attachments for Use as Compasses or
Dividers.
I, JAMES WARD MILLIGAN of 36 Lancaster Street Birmingham in the County
of Warwick Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement —
My invention relates to an improved pencil attachment for the use of Draughtsmen,
Students, and persons in different mechanical pursuits.
It consists:-
First. In the combination with a pencil, of an improved construction of compass.
Secondly. The combination of a compass and divider with a pencil.
Thirdly. The combination with a pencil of a compass or divider, and a protection
for the point of the pencil and the compass leg or legs, so arranged as to prevent
the points of the latter from doing injury, while being carried in the pocket.
In carrying out my invention I use an ordinary lead or other pencil either square,
sexagonal, cylindrical, or of any other sectional form. To this pencil I fit a slide,
formed of thin metal, which slide has sufficient friction to hold it in position.
The slide is formed, on one or both sides, so as to receive the large end, or large
ends, of one or two compass leg or legs. These legs are preferably formed of thin
metal stamped to an U form, or to modifications of such form but they may be
otherwise made. The outer ends of the compass legs are slightly bent inwards, in
order that they may enter suitable guards or receptacles for protecting the same,
when in the pocket.
Thin spring washers, of a dished form, are used to retain the large ends of the
compass legs in position on the slide which washers prevent the compas's legs from

page_text: becoming loose in their sockets, the legs being secured to the slide by small
cylindrical pieces of metal, through which rivets pass to the washers:
- A point-protector is fitted to the pencil which can be placed at either end of the
instrument. When placed at the upper end it forms a convenient handle, and
when placed at the lower end, it is in position for receiving the ends of the
compasses, and protecting the points, when placed in the pocket. The point-
protector may be formed of metal or rubber, or other suitable materials..
In using the instrument one compass leg may be applied to the centre, and the
pencil may mark the circle, or two compass legs may be used as dividers; and other
obvious applications may be made.
A screw ferrule is sometimes placed at the lower end, (with or without an
eraser), for greater security in the pocket.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings; in which similar
letters of reference represent corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal view of my invention, with one compass leg and point
protector.
Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing two compass legs, jointed to the pencil a ; which
arrangement, serves the two-fold use of a compass and divider.
Fig. 3 shews the hollow leg c of the compass.
Fig. 4 is a view of the invention at right angles to Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the compass leg.
Fig. 6 represents the compass leg opened out for describing a circle, or for any
analogous operation.
Fig. 7 is a section on the line x x of Figs. 3 and 5.
Fig. 8 shews the compass and divider combined and illustrates the method of
using the same.
Fig. 9 is a transverse section of the pencil to an enlarged scale, shewing the
construction of the clasp b, and the joints.
Fig. 10 is a section of the spring washer f and Fig. 11 shews the cylindrical
plate d against which the spring washer f rests.
a is the pencil, b is the clasp, formed of thin sheet metal or other suitable
material bent to the required shape. To this clasp is secured the compass or
divider leg or legs cc, which are also made of thin sheet metal, or other suitable
material and stamped to a hollow form, as shewn in section in fig. 7. The legs
are secured to the clasp b by inserting a small cylindrical piece of metal d through
which a rivet e passes to the spring washers ff and thus holds the legs c c to the
clasp b.
The clasp b can be made to receive one compass leg c as shewn in Figs. 1 and 6,
or two such legs, as shewn in Figs. 2 and 8; and the clasp may be formed to fit.
pencils of various sectional forms such as circular, square, hexagonal, or otherwise;
and is capable of sliding to any position on the pencil a; the pencil in some cases
answering the two fold purpose of a handle and scribing leg, while one of the
compass legs c performs the duty of the centre to the compass.
In Fig. 8 the combined compass divider is shewn in which both may be used
independently for either use. By merely turning up one of the compass legs c to
the position c¹ it can be used as in Fig. 6, or by lowering the compass leg to the
position it becomes again an ordinary divider.
The slit g in the rubber casingh shewn in Figs. 4 6 and 8 into which the point
of the compass leg is inserted, acts as a point protector to the compass legs and
the rubber casingh protects the pencil, as also shewn in Figs. 2 and 4, preventing
the respective points from being damaged, and also from injuring the pocket, when
so carried.
I preferably use to unite the legs cc of the compasses or dividers, spring
washers ff, as shewn in Figs. 9 and 10.
These spring washers fare for the purpose of preventing the legs of the
compasses or dividers from binding or jerking when being opened or closed.

page_text: When the compass is in use the rubber casing his removed from the lower end
of the pencil and placed at the upper end, as shewn in Figs. 6 and 8; and is
returned to the point, as shewn in Figs. 1. 2 and 4. previously to being placed in
the pocket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The combination with a pencil, of the compass or divider leg or legs c. c jointed
thereto substantially as herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
2. The combination with a pencil, of the compass or divider leg or legs cc jointed
thereto as aforesaid, and the rubber casing and point protector h, substantially as
herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
3. The combination with a pencil, compass legs and clasp, of the spring washers ff,
substantially as and for the purposes aforesaid and shewn on the drawings.
4. The general combination, arrangement and construction of the several and
respective parts, together forming my improvements in pencil attachments for use
as compasses or dividers, substantially as herein before described and shewn on the
drawings.