IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CHENILLE." IMPS FORRING
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Raymond Couchoud, of No. 71, Rue de
Rambuteau, Paris, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CHENILLE."
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CHENILLE."
Sealed the 25th February 1868, and dated the 13th September 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierre Raymond Couchoud
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th September 1867.
I, PIERRE RAYMOND COUCHOUD, of No. 71, Rue de Rambuteau, Paris, in the
Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CHENILLE," to be as
follows:-
My improvements in machinery for manufacturing chenille consist,-
1st. In the employment of an endless wire composed of one or more threads,
contiguous with which are the chenille threads pressed and maintained against
the wire by means of rollers moved, by a constant and regular force actuated
by springs concealed in slots or otherwise.
2ndly. The formation of the filamentous gut or cord forming the chenille by
means of a circular creel bearing an unlimited number of threads either single
or complex, carried on bobbins or reels, which participating in the circular

page_text: motion animating the creel wind the threads round the endless wire so as to
form the filamentous cord.
3rdly. The adaptation of two chenille threads, which being wound on two
different bobbins or reels serve to close the pieces of gut, and may be grouped
in pairs of two, four, or more round the endless wires so as to make a like!
number of chenilles simultaneously, which has not previously been attempted.
4thly. The adjunction of a circular knife having an eccentric rectilineal
motion or fixed with an oblique edge, by means of which a continuous
manufacture is carried on.
5thly. The winding of the chenille on a receiver or receivers having a
rotatory motion producing the requisite twist, no matter what may be the
form or position of the receiver; the principal characteristics of which in my
machines are, 1st, that the twist may be varied according to desire or necessity,
and, 2ndly, that the chenille is in no way injured by pressure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Pierre Raymond Couchoud in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,, I, PIERRE.
RAYMOND COUCHOUD, of No. 71, Rue de Rambuteau, Paris, in the Empire of
France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Pierre Raymond Couchoud, Her special licence that I, the said
Pierre Raymond Couchoud, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Pierre Raymond Couchoud, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time.
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should, and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and-vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man; an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING CHENILLE," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Pierre Raymond Couchoud," my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-

page_text: formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the. date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pierre Raymond Couchoud, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My improvements in machinery for manufacturing chenille consist,-.
1st. In the employment of an endless wire composed of one or more
threads, contiguous with which are the chenille threads pressed. and main-
tained against the wire by means of rollers moved by a constant and regular
force actuated by springs.concealed in slots or otherwise.
2nd. The formation of the filamentous gut or cord forming the chenille by
means of a circular creel bearing an unlimited number of threads either
single or complex carried on bobbins or reels, which participating in the
circular motion animating the creel wind the threads round the endless wire
and so form the filamentous cord.
3rd. The adaptation of two chenille threads, which being wound on two
different bobbins or reels serve to close the pieces of gut, and may be grouped
in pairs of two, four, or more round the endless wires so as to make a
like number of chenilles simultaneously, which has not previously been_
attempted.
4th. The adjunction of a circular knife having either an eccentric- recti
lineal motion or fixed with an oblique edge, by means of which a continuous
manufacture is carried on.
5th. The winding of the chenille on a receiver or receivers having a rotary
motion producing the requisite twist, no matter what may be the form or
position of the receiver, the principal characteristics of which are, 1st, that
the twist may be varied according to desire or necessity, and, 2nd, that the
chenille is in no way injured by pressure.
Having thus enumerated the features of novelty in my Invention, I. will
now describe the apparatus which I call "a continuous chenille making
machine," and is composed of a cast-iron frame Bt.suitably cross beamed, and
bearing all the supports of the several pieces forming the apparatus.
Pt is a table supporting the plumber blocks of the driving shaft A b, as
well as those of the axes of the friction cones Cn, one of which fixed on the
shaft is in wood, leather, or compressed paper, or hardened india-rubber, or
any other substance capable of producing motion by adhesion or friction the
same as if it was.a, conical gear wheel. The two other cones C¹n, Cn,

page_text: 4
are of polished metal or any other non-adhesive substance, and serve solely
as supports to the piece drawn along, and which will be mentioned hereafter.
The shaft A b is furnished at its external extremity with a pair of pulleys Po
in the usual manner, and moreover with a rim pulley Pg of three stages for
transmitting motion to the upper parts of the machine. The table Pt is
traversed in the centre by the tube T, through which the endless wires Cd
passes; the foot of this table is supported by the three-branched plumber
block Ep suspended to the table Pt; above and beneath the support are two
nuts Ec for regulating the height of the tube, which should be exact as
regards the point of reunion of all the working parts. In following the
progress of the wire, it will be observed, that on reaching the point Rn it
serves as a mould to the gut or cord of filamentous substances produced by
the rotatory motion of the bobbins or reels, and of the table bearing them ou
the circular creel Rt. Beneath this table is a conical surface in contact with
the roller's or.cones already mentioned, on which it is borne and drawn along,
turning with a gentle friction on the central cylindrical tube polished for this
purpose and slightly conical, as well as the socket D of the table garnished
with bronze, the whole so arranged as to obtain a great precision of rotation,
and to secure this delicate part against frequent repairs. The table bears the
circular creel furnished with bobbins, which are supplied with any suitable
contrivance capable of stopping the machine should any of the threads break.
Still following the wire it will be seen that it separates in two branches at the
point Rn passing by two rollers Gl which divide it to make room for the
knife C t. Rcare the bobbins or reels bearing the chenille threads, which are
drawn in the passage or opening Rn, limited by the pressure regulating pulleys
Pp by means of the springs before mentioned, which may be replaced by levers
or weights, as desired. From thence the two pieces of the wire or cord
reunite again, and moving one by the side of the other, remount vertically to
the top of the machine, pass above the return pulley P R, to the pulley P'm,
which participates in the general movement and communicates it to this
wire, which in turn conveys it to the chenilles. At the point Pts is also
another pulley which forms part of a twisting apparatus destined to counter-
balance all the effects of stretching by dilation or otherwise of this endless
wire. Returning again to the knife which in this machine is circular it is
mounted on an arm or swing piece working on the hinge Ch, the raising and
lowering of which is regulated by the screw. V s gearing in a segment of a
toothed circle so that the regulating may be as exact as possible. A sheath Gn
covers the edge of the cutter to protect it from injury, and is borne upon a
small lever Sm resting on the upright Mt of the frame; this lever moreover

page_text: bears the foot of the flyers Al, which give the twist to the chenille. The
spindles are, to properly speak, rather diminished at the reversed or inverted
flyer, which receives a rotary motion by means of a cord C³ d', turning on
the rimmed pulley P g', actuated by the horizontal shaft Ah, which itself
receives motion from the principal shaft Ab. The requisite twist is thus
given to the chenille which is conducted to the arm of the flyer by the small
pulleys Pp which receive it at the moment of leaving the endless wire and
fixed conduct pipe Cf destined to move it sideways so as to prevent the
twisting taking place too near the knife. From this point the finished
chenille deposits itself on the bobbin B6 mounted on the central shaft of the
fly wheel.
The depositing of the chenille on the bobbin is one of the peculiar charac-
teristics of my Invention, inasmuch as it gently winds without twisting just as
if it took place on a fixed table. This effect is produced by the mode
employed in paying out the chenille always in the same quantity whilst the
bobbin is not turning, receiving only a vertical and alternate motion so as to
allow of depositing the chenille in a spiral line the whole height of the bobbin
or barrel; this movement is obtained by the ordinary means, and in this case
particularly by an oscillating lever Lo set in motion by a curved double cam
compensator Cm rectifying any irregularities in the speed.
The delivery of the chenille on the bobbin with uniform velocity is simply
obtained by means of an endless screw Vf fixed on the shaft of the bobbin
gearing with a toothed wheel Rh mounted on an arm of the flyer, and turning
with it so that each turn of the wheel round the screw produces a motion of
the wheel in the same proportion as if the wheel was fixed and the screw
turned. This effect is analogous to that produced by the slubbing frame
regulators, and is one of the essential features of my Invention, as it requires
less caution in preventing napping the chenille, as it preserves its uniform
cylindricity and shagginess. The shaft Tg of the bobbin is linked or articu-
lated at the point Cht, so that when the bobbin is full it can be removed and
an empty one put in its place. As regards the accessories for transmit-
ting motion to the several parts already mentioned they are without any
peculiarities.
I have already described the shaft Ah, which is set in motion by the principal
or driving shaft A 6 with variable velocity suitable to chenilles of various sizes
and qualities; on this shaft are the pulleys which guide the fliers and the
knife. At its other end is an endless screw gearing with a toothed wheel of a
small vertical shaft As, having at its summit an oblique angle-toothed pinion
gearing with a second similar wheel fixed on a second horizontal shaft, the

page_text: speed of which is thus considerably diminished. It is this shaft As which
bears the drawing pulley of the endless wire which moves gently, and it
is also at the other end that the bifurcation or forking of the wire takes
place.
Finally, what I claim as my Invention is,-
1st. The arrangement of the endless wire admitting of the manufacture of a
number of chenilles simultaneously.
2nd. The disposition of the circular movable or fixed knife or cutting tool
regulated by a screw gearing with a toothed segment.
3rd. The employment of a circular creel allowing of multiplying the threads
and varying them to infinity.
4th. The arrangement of flyers and fixed bobbins with mathematical drawing
capacities by which the winding off of the chenille is produced without pressure
or friction.
5th. The central tube and its adjustment to the movable tongue piece
contained in the vice with three chops to facilitate changing the mould.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Raymond Couchoud, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
PIERRE COUCHOUD DE GOURNAY. (L.S.)