matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR THE PROPULSION OF CARRIAGES ON TURNPIKE AND OTHER LIKE ROADS BY MANUAL POWER
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Kenelm John Winslow at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
May 1867.
I, KENELM JOHN WINSLOW, of Belvidere, in the County of Kent, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MECHANISM FOR THE PROPULSION OF CARRIAGES ON TURNPIKE AND OTHER LIKE
ROADS BY MANUAL POWER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a method of propelling carriages on turnpike and
other like roads by means of a frame made either of iron or wood oscillating
on a swivel attached to the shafts of the carriage, and acting upon the cranked
axle of the principal wheels of the carriage by a connecting iron or steel rod.
The upper bar of such frame is moved by the hands and body of the person
or persons propelling the carriage, the motion being similar to a man rowing,
whilst the lower bar of such frame is simultaneously moved by the action of
the legs and feet in the opposite direction. By this means much muscular
power is given to the movement. The frame may be worked by one, two, or
more persons, according to the size of the carriage.
My Invention also consists in having a moveable bar fixed to the said
frame by means of hand screws or pins, to which bar the said connecting rod
is attached, and which bar may be shifted so as to gain greater leverage in
ascending steep hills.

page_text: My Invention also consists in carrying a cord from one end of a lever
attached to the front wheel of the carriage along the shaft and partly round
the said frame, thence along the other shaft to the other side of the fronti
wheel, where it is fastened to the other end of the lever; this affords an easy
means of guiding the carriage.
AN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, BOILING, AGITATING, AND RAISING SIZE AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Gardiner Graham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
September 1867.
I, HUGH GARDINER GRAHAM, Book-keeper, of Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
APPARATUS FOR HEATING, BOILING, AGITATING, AND RAISING SIZE AND OTHER
LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
First. I take a straight tube of copper or other suitable material, and around
the outside of that I wind (in a spiral form) another tube, or what shall when
attached form a spiral tube. Through the exterior or spiral tube I pass the
size or fluid to be heated or boiled, and into the interior or straight tube I
pass steam or heated air, which shall heat or boil the aforesaid size or fluid..
Second. Another form of my apparatus is, I take two spiral tubes, one
within the other; through the exterior tube I pass the size or fluid to. be
heated or boiled, and into the interior .tube I pass the steam or heated air,
which shall heat or boil the aforesaid size or fluid.
Third. Another form of my apparatus is, I take either of the two afore-
mentioned forms of apparatus, and enclose it in a steam-tight cylindrical
vessel, taking care to arrange one or more small tubes communicating from.
the interior of this cylindrical vessel to the innermost tube; into this cylindrical
vessel and innermost tube I pass the steam or heated air, and through the
other tube I pass the size or fluid to be heated or boiled by the said steam or
heated air.

page_text: Fourth. If I wish to raise or agitate the size or fluid any of the afore-
mentioned forms of apparatus are placed and made to revolve in the manner
of an archimedean screw, which raises and at the same time agitates the size
or fluid. I arrange the driving motion in such a way that the attendant may
vary the speed at which this apparatus revolves, and so cause the size or fluid
to be more or less boiled or heated, and the quantity raised or agitated to vary
in like manner.
A CERTAIN IMPROVED MODE OF APPLYING SCREW PROPELLERS BY MEANS OF WHICH A GREATER EFFICIENCY IS OBTAINED
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Ferguson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th March
1867.
I, JAMES FERGUSON, of Helensburgh, in the County of Dumbarton, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "A CERTAIN
IMPROVED MODE OF APPLYING SCREW PROPELLERS BY MEANS OF WHICH A GREATER
EFFICIENCY IS OBTAINED," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which has for its object an improved mode of applying
screw propellers to steam ships or vessels, consists in using two screws, which
may be of any of the forms generally in use and situated concentrically with
each other, that is to say, the aftmost screw is keyed or otherwise fixed upon
the ordinary screw shaft, whilst the second screw, which is situated further
forward, is secured to a tubular shaft that revolves outside the solid shaft of
the first screw; the screws are caused to revolve in opposite directions by
means of the engine, and the vessel or ship to which this propulsive arrange-
ment is applied is impelled with a less expenditure of power than under the
existing arrangements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO HOISTS OR SACK TACKLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dewhirst, Joseph Dewhirst,
and Thomas Dewhirst at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,.
with their Petition, on the 4th February 1867.
We, WILLIAM DEWHIRST, JOSEPH DEWHIRST, and THOMAS DEWHIRST, of
Bradford, in the County of York, Engineers, Millwrights, Tool Makers, and:
General Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO HOISTS OR SACK TACKLES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to hoists or sack tackles used in mills or factories.
and warehouses for raising and lowering goods or materials from one story,.
floor, or room to another. Heretofore the cage has been set in motion or
stopped at any intermediate floor by a person in attendance generally travelling
with or in the cage.
Now we have applied means or apparatus which can be adjusted so that the
cage can be stopped at any floor desired without the person going with it. These
improvements consist of an upright shaft carrying a finger or projection at
each floor or room of the mill, factory, or warehouse arranged and fixed on
the said shaft at suitable distances apart and at different points on its circum-
ference according to the number of rooms, so that by turning the shaft into
any one of the several positions the proper finger will be placed in position so
as to come into contact with and act upon a catch attached to the cage, which
catch on being actuated will be forced to enter a notch provided for the
purpose on the stop rod, or the rod employed for operating or traversing the

page_text: driving belt from one driving pulley to another for starting, or stopping, or
reversing the movement of the cage, and for this purpose we apply a pair of
bevel wheels, one on the upright shaft and the other on a short horizontal
shaft with a handle thereon, and an index plate is fixed so that the said
handle can be turned to and placed at a mark made thereon indicating the
particular floor or room where the cage is required to be stopped.
THE FACILITATING THE COMPOSITION OR ARRANGING OF TYPE OF VARIOUS FOUNTS FOR DISPLAYING JOBS OR OTHER WORKS USUALLY REQUIRED TO BE DONE IN PRINTING OFFICES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Enoch Tayler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st June 1867.
I, ENOCH TAYLER, late of 49, Burton Street, Cheltenham, now of No. 2,
Acorn Court, Fetter Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "THE FACILITATING THE COMPOSITION OR ARRANGING OF TYPE OF
VARIOUS FOUNTS FOR DISPLAYING JOBS OR OTHER WORKS USUALLY REQUIRED TO BE
DONE IN PRINTING OFFICES," to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists of a double rack or frame in which the cases
or trays for holding the type are placed on a small frame revolving on pin
joints or axles passing into or through two or more wheels resting on an axis
and one or more disc or discs, and the angle of the said cases or trays are
alterable at pleasure by the movement to or fro of the position of one or more
wheels, whereby the elevation or depression of said disc or discs is effected,
thereby raising or depressing the further or upper side of the small frame
holding the said cases or trays, or of the said cases or trays themselves should
the said pin joints be attached thereto; or the whole cases or trays may be
caused to remain at any certain angle by the last-named wheel or wheels.
being made a fixture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION OF UPRIGHT PIANOFORTES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Schucht at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th January
1867.
I, JOHN HENRY SCHUCHT, of No. 14, Store Street, Bedford Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Pianoforte Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION OF UPRIGHT PIANOFORTES,"
to be as follows:―
This Invention has for its object improvements in the action of upright
pianofortes. In arranging the action of upright pianofortes I mount all the
working parts above the finger keys on one rail in place of employing several
rails as is usual, and I arrange the hammers in an inverted position, or to
strike upwards or towards the shorter end of the strings in place of down-
wards as is usual in upright actions. I arrange the sticker to step on to the
inner end of the finger key, a peg being driven into the end of the key which
enters a hole or recess in the foot of the sticker, and to prevent noise a piece
of felt is interposed between the key lever and the sticker.
On the upper
end of the sticker the outer end of a bent or L shaped lever rests, and to
keep the parts in position a screw passes loosely through a hole in the end of
the lever into the top of the sticker. The other or upper end of the lever is
jointed to the main rail which is at the top of the action, and to this rail also

page_text: the inverted hammer is jointed. The lever on its horizontal limb carries
the fly or hopper which acts on the hammer butt, and this fly or hopper
works with an escapement button on the main rail, the stem of the hammer
passes down through a slot in the horizontal limb of the lever and at the
front end of the slot is a soft adjustable stop for the hammer to rest
against, and the upper end of this stop also serves as a check to the
recoil of the hammer, the hammer butt after the blow has been struck
remaining in contact with it until the finger key is allowed to rise. The
damper is fixed to the lever near its angle, by arranging the action in this
manner the adaptation of it to the instrument with which it is to work is very
simply effected, and in consequence of the way in which the hammer is
arranged to strike. a finer tone is obtained than with ordinary upright actions.
AN IMPROVED TOOL FOR OPENING METALLIC CASES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Buckingham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
June 1867. A communication from abroad by Mr. A. Hilger, Engineer,
of 16, Boulevard St. Jaques, Paris.
I, JAMES BUCKINGHAM, Civil Engineer, of Westmoreland Works, Walworth
Common, London, S., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED TOOL FOR OPENING METALLIC CASES," which Invention is a
munication from Mr. A. Hilger, Engineer, of 16, Boulevard St. Jaques,
Paris, to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the construction of an instrument or tool
whereby air-tight metallic cases, such as are used for preserving fish, fruits,
meats, vegetables, and other substances, are easily and expeditiously opened.
The tool consists of two parts, viz., the blade or cutter, and the handle; the
handle may be made of horn, bone, ivory, metal, or wood, and is provided at
the end at which the blade is fixed with a shield either of the same substance
as the handle itself or otherwise. The object of the shield is to guard the
fingers of the person using it in case of the tool slipping, and also it enables
a firmer hold to be obtained of the tool. The blade is constructed by preference
of steel, & is made of some degree of strength, sharpened to an edge by
grinding one side similar to the blades in a pair of shears, on the other side
of this blade a strong pin is fixed which carries a wheel capable of rotation

page_text: upon it. The blade and wheel are so arranged relatively to each other that the
point of the blade can be inserted into the metallic case, thereby commencing
the cut in the cover, and by pushing the tool the wheel acts both as a support
to the blade, preventing its entering deeper into the case, and by its rotation
as an auxiliary cutting edge, so that by pushing the tool in the direction in
which the cut is intended to be made the case is easily opened.
AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING BUCKLE OR COUPLING TO BE EMPLOYED FOR LIFTING, HOISTING, OR WINDING AT COAL PITS, OR FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Heyes and William
Bevan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 10th July 1867.
We, WILLIAM HEYES, of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, and
WILLIAM BEVAN, of the same Place, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING BUCKLE OR COUPLING TO BE EMPLOYED
FOR LIFTING, HOISTING, OR WINDING AT COAL PITS, OR FOR OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of preventing the occurrence of
accidents at the top of "shafts" in which minerals and workmen are raised
and lowered, such as "coal pits," at which place accidents arise from over
winding, and also in similar situations, such as in hoists employed in warehouses,
or other positions where materials or persons ascend and descend and are
liable to be lifted or wound over the top pulley.
The improvements consist in the employment of a peculiar arrangement
and construction of clasp or coupling which forms the connection between the
cage or receptacle to be raised and the rope or chain employed for raising the
same, which apparatus is thus described :-The portion of the coupling con-
nected with the rope consists of a conical flat box, to the top or apex of which
is secured the pin and eye by which it is attached to the rope ; this pin also

page_text: .
forms the fulcrum of two flat levers, which occupy the space between the two
outer plates of the box, the said levers being kept apart so as to project from
the inclined surfaces of the box, by means of an internal spring; a vertical hole
or recess is formed in the lower part of the box, in which two small horizontal
platforms or ledges are fixed, and into this recess a bar or coupling link
(connected with the cage or receptacle) is passed, and which when in position
with its levers opened on the ledges forms the connection between the rope
and cage. The said link consists of a vertically slotted bar, within which two
levers are contained, the fulcrum or down joint thereof being at the upper end
of the link, the short ends of these levers above such fulcrum are bevilled or
inclined, so that when the composite link is inserted into the recess the upper
inclined portions of the levers in the link are pressed together, which causes
the lower ends of the levers to open or separate simultaneously so as to rest
upon the ledges or platforms formed in the recess of the conical box, the two
flat levers of such box at this time being distended so as to project outside the
box, the edges of which incline outwards from the apex of the box; as the rope
or chain ascends this apparatus passes through a stationary ring which compresses
the outer flat levers and causes them to press the link levers inwards until
they are forced off the ledges, and so the coupling is disunited, and the cage or
receptacle lifted is disconnected from the rope and driving apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF FININGS FOR FINING OR CLEARING FERMENTED LIQUORS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Douglas William Hamper at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
January 1867.
I, DOUGLAS WILLIAM HAMPER, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF FININGS FOR FINING OR CLEARING FERMENTED LIQUORS," to be as
follows:-
My improved preparation of finings consists of isinglass dissolved in any
suitable solvent, such as water, wine, beer, or other liquor, according to the
purpose to which the finings are to be applied, to which is to be added some
mineral or vegetable acid, such as hydrochloric or acetic acid, in the proportion
of about one ounce of acid to every pound of isinglass. To this solution is
added from two to four ounces of pulverized charcoal (peat charcoal by
preference), and when the whole of the ingredients have been well mixed
together the preparation will be ready for use.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE METHOD OF ORNAMENTING BOTTLES, VASES, AND JARS USED FOR PERFUME OR TOILET PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sydney Brown at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th September
1867.
I, SYDNEY BROWN, of No. 5, Blackfriars Road, in the County of Surrey,
Perfumer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE METHOD OF ORNAMENTING BOTTLES, VASES, AND JARS USED
FOR PERFUME OR TOILET PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
I combine for the purposes of ornament and utility a locket or case to
contain a portrait or device with a perfume or toilet bottle, vase, or jar, and
for that purpose I cause the bottle, vase, or jar to be made with a cavity in
the side or stopper, and in this cavity I fix by means of cement or otherwise
a locket or case capable of being opened and closed, and of having a portrait
or device inserted or withdrawn.
I also claim to use more than one of such cavities and lockets if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
January 1867. A communication from abroad by Alfred Lenz, of
Vienna, in the Empire of Austria.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS FOR STEAM BOILERS," to
be as follows:
This Invention of improvements in injectors for steam boilers consists in
the first place in placing the injector within the water tank and below the
surface of the water. By this means the outer jacket or casing of the instru-
ment, and also some of the cocks, taps, unions, and other fittings are dispensed
with, so that by simplifying the construction of the instrument it may be
rendered less expensive to manufacture. The injector consists of one single
casting through which a double conical passage or hole is made for the passage
of the water, which obtains access to the interior through transverse holes
made near the inner or butt end of the instrument, which at 'this end is pro-
vided with a flange, whereby it may be secured to the side of the water tank
by bolts or otherwise. The steam nozzle is inserted through an opening at
the butt end of the injector, and is secured in place on its seat by a screw
clamp which is inserted from the outside, and also serves to secure the steam
supply pipe in its place. The exit end of the steam nozzle is made conical
or funnel shaped, so that, in fact, the passago through the nozzle is made in

page_text: the form of two frustums of cones with their small ends opposite to each
other. The passage through the water injector is also formed in much the
same manner, but in addition there are transverse openings made through
the injector at or near the smallest part; through these transverse openings
in the water passage any excess of water under pressure will escape back into
the tank, but in order to prevent any undue escape these openings are covered
with a piece of india-rubber tubing, which is split up a certain distance longi-
tudinally so as to form a valve for each of the openings. The india-rubber
tubing is held in position by a metallic ring which embraces it.
A NOVEL SYSTEM OF CARTRIDGE FOR LEFAUCHEUX AND OTHER GUNS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
May 1867. A communication from abroad by Joseph Audouy, of 39,
Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of
No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NOVEL SYSTEM
OF CARTRIDGE FOR LEFAUCHEUX AND OTHER GUNS," a communication to me from
abroad by Joseph Audouy, of 39, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France, to be
as follows:-
The system the subject of this Invention presents two important advantages:
-Firstly, economy, inasmuch that the cartridges can last a very long time,
and that they may be charged or loaded by the shooter; secondly, no con-
siderable and consequently costly and embarassing provision of cartridges is
necessitated.
This improved cartridge is illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of
Drawing forming part of this Provisional Specification, m, m³, indicating a
metal cartridge of iron or brass of a sufficient thickness; V, V, points where the
cartridge screws and unscrews to permit the placing of the cap G; T, pin on
which the hammer falls at the moment of the explosion; P, P, solid piece of
metal adhering to the cartridge and through which the pin T passes with
friction; G, cap which causes the explosion, and into which the pin T enters

page_text: with a slight effort in such a way that the cap prevents the pin T from coming
out of the solid piece of metal P, in which also this pin passes with a certain
effort.
The use of this cartridge is easily understood. Supposing it is to be made
up, the part V, V, m³, is unscrewed; the pin T is drawn in the direction of
the arrow A; the cap is placed; the pin T is gently forced into the cap;
the part V, V, m², is screwed up again, and there remains but to load the
cartridge m, m², in the same manner as ordinary cartridges.
This system is equally applicable to the needle gun or to the cartridge in
question as to the central-fire cartridge.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR HATS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Percy Crause at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st September
1867.
I, PERCY CRAUSE, of 33, Dorset Place, Dorset Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR HATS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE
HEAD," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the diffusion and regulation of the air
admitted into hats by means of apertures formed therein, and consists in the
adaptation and application thereto of a concave ring of thin sheet metal
or other suitable material, of about one inch and a half to two inches
internal diameter, so placed as to cover apertures formed in the hat, the inner
edge of such ring being fixed to the hat, and a space being left between the
outer edge of the ring and the hat. By this means the air entering through
the apertures instead of passing directly on to the head as usual would be
deflected and diffused by escaping at the space between the outer edge of the
ring and the hat. The ring may be fitted to the hat so as to be capable of
being moved nearer to or further from the surface of the crown, and thereby to
regulate the depth of the circular space through which the air is allowed to
enter the hat at the outer edge of the ring. The ring may be finely perforated
if preferred, and have larger apertures at intervals with another ring having
corresponding apertures therein sliding under or over it. By this means the
ventilation may be increased if necessary.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINE FOR CRUSHING BONES AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Crook and Frederick Crook
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
9th July 1867.
We, EDWIN CROOK and FREDERICK CROOK, both of Carnaby Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Manufacturing Ironmongers and Brassfounders, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINE FOR CRUSHING BONES AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the construction of a new or improved machine
for crushing bones and other materials substantially as hereafter described.
We employ rollers, by preference two, mounted on shafts opposite to and
parallel with one another; the circumferences of these rollers are fitted with
concave teeth or surfaces, the number of which may be varied. These teeth,
which are sharpened, somewhat overlap and work between each other, the
distance being regulated according to the size to which it is required to reduce
the bones or other material. Motion is communicated from a fly wheel on a
shaft extending across the machine, and carrying at its other end a pinion in
gear with a wheel on one of the roller shafts, the other end of which carries
a toothed wheel which is itself in gear with a wheel of a similar size on the
other roller shaft. The material to be crushed is placed in a hopper, passes
between the teeth of the rollers, and falls into a receptacle underneath provided
for the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE OR OTHER WATERCLOSETS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elisabeth Lichtenstadt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the 26th January
1867. A communication from abroad by David Lichtenstadt, of New
York, United States of America.
J, ELISABETH LICHTENSTADT, of Bermondsey New Road, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PORTABLE OR OTHER WATERCLOSETS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the application of a self-acting cover to
close the opening to the pan or receptacle of a portable or other watercloset
when out of use, and thus prevent the escape of disagreable odours into tho
interior of the room or chamber in which the portable or other watercloset or
night convenience is situated, the cover being removed from over the pan by
the weight of the user acting upon suitable mechanism connected with the
seat and cover. For this purpose the seat of the closet (having an ordinary
opening therein) is hinged or jointed to the back of the frame above the pan,.
and when out of use the front edge of the scat rises at an angle, and when the
user is seated thereon the seat descends and acts as a lever to remove the
cover from over the upper surface of the pan or receptacle below. This it is.
preferred to accomplish in the following manner :-The cover is formed in two
parts or balves which meet in a central line from front to back of the seat,.
each part being arranged to move outwards in opposite directions upon pins or
studs at the back part or where the seat is hinged. On the outer edges of.
each half cover a slot is formed for a truck or roller carried by one end of a.

page_text: coiled or other spring to move to and fro in, in order to close the two parts of
the cover together over the pan when the user rises from off the hinged seat.
Upon the under side at the back part of the hinged seat a V-shaped incline
is fixed, and when the seat is depressed the inclined surfaces act upon studs or
projections fixed on the cover, by which means the two parts are caused to
move outwards on their joints or axes, and thus uncover the opening to the
pan or receptacle, the springs acting to close them again when the user rises
from off the seat. The parts of the cover move in suitable guides fixed above
the pan, and the edges between the cover and the pan may be furnished with
india-rubber or other soft elastic or flexible material to form a close joint
between the surfaces to prevent the escape of effluvia, or springs may be
employed to keep the cover well closed down. In place of forming the cover
in two parts or halves it may be in one piece only, and be arranged to descend
backwards into the pan or receptacle, and in place of actuating the cover, as
previously described, it may be opened and closed by the weight of the user
in stepping on to a platform upon the floor in front of the closet, the platform
being connected with the cover by suitable mechanism to cause it to open and
close when the person steps on to or off the platform.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO FLYER, THROSTLE, AND DOUBLING FRAMES AND MACHINES OF LIKE CHARACTER
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hurst and Joshua Henry
Wilson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 21st December 1867.
We, WILLIAM HURST, of Hamer Hall, Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and JOSHUA HENRY WILSON, of Cornholme Mill,
near Todmorden, in the same County, Bobbin Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE
TO FLYER, THROSTLE, AND DOUBLING FRAMES AND MACHINES OF LIKE CHARACTER,"
to be as follows:-
The object of our improvements is to make the drag upon the bobbins
more regular and uniform and to dispense with the ordinary "drag cloth,"
which by coming in contact with the spindles rapidly absorbs the lubricating
matter therefrom; and our Invention consists in securing material to one head
of each bobbin used in these machines, so that this material will rest upon the
smooth surface of the copping rail and give the amount of adhesion necessary
to produce the "drag" required upon the thread. We prefer to use rings or
washers of cloth, but leather, or cork, or similar suitable material may be
employed cemented to the under side of the lower head of the bobbin, the
washer if required being inserted in an annular groove formed in the head of
the bobbin. The amount of drag or adhesion can be adjusted by making the
rings of material employed of greater or less surface or diameter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander William Williamson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th August 1867.
I. ALEXANDER WILLIAM WILLIAMSON, of 12, Fellows Road, N.W., do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in lamps, and is applicable
more especially to lamps for burning heavy oils. When such oils are employed
an ordinary capillary wick is unable to raise the oil efficiently to any con-
siderable distance above its level in the oil vessel or reservoir which contains
it, consequently the lamps have to be so constructed either that the level of
the oil in the reservoir shall be very close up to the burner, or else the liquid.
has to be raised by mechanical means as in the moderateur lamp. To burn
such oil efficiently, however, it should as it rises to the burner and after it
has been separated from the bulk of the oil in the reservoir, be highly heated
by bringing it in contact with a heated wick tube of some length. To fulfil
these conditions I employ in order to draw the oil up out of the reservoir a
wick or wicks of large size, which I call feeders, they are much larger than
the wick on which the oil is ignited to form the flame of the lamp, and with
the latter or flame wick the feeder wick or wicks are kept_in_close-contact-
near-up-to-the-flame of the lamp; the flame wick may conveniently. be
cylindrical, and it is supplied with air internally on the argand principle.-It-
is-supported on a metal wick tube within it, and apparatus of the usual con-
struction is provided for raising and lowering it; around this wick is a metal

page_text: cone which receives the upper ends of the feeder wicks and keeps them in
close contact with the flame wick, and outside of this cone again is another
cone so placed as to form between the two an air passage to lead a current
of air to impinge on the exterior of the flame. When the lamp is burning
the metalwork becomes heated, and the oil rising to the burner absorbs
sufficient heat from it to ensure its rising efficiently in the wick and being
efficiently burnt. Lamps thus constructed may also be advantageously
employed in burning lighter oils.
AN IMPROVED COMBINED BILLIARD AND DINING OR GENERAL TABLE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Francis Green at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st October
1867.
I, GEORGE FRANCIS GREEN, Billiard Table Maker, Albion St., Leeds, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED COMBINED BILLIARD AND DINING OR GENERAL TABLE," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to combine with a dining or general table a
billiard table, so that in private houses, for example, a separate room for a
billiard table is dispensed with. For this purpose upon the framework of an
ordinary table I mount a billiard table capable of being raised up from such
framework the required height by means of a worm shaft running from end to
end of the frame and geared into worm wheels, which latter are connected to
jointed levers connected to lugs on the under side of the billiard table. The
dining table is formed by loose covers fitted on to the edges of the billiard
table, and when it is required to use it as a dining or ordinary table, such
covers being placed on the billiard table is lowered on to the framework, and
it is then the requisite height for that purpose. The castors upon which the
legs are mounted have long screws working within nuts fixed within the legs
for purposes of levelling.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR TREATMENT OF LINEN AND COTTON FABRICS, IN ORDER TO ADAPT THEM TO THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Ward and Charles George
Virgo at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 28th September 1867.
We, ALFRED WARD and CHARLES GEORGE VIRGO, both of Bradford, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR TREATMENT OF LINEN AND COTTON FABRICS,
IN ORDER TO ADAPT THEM TO THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN ARTICLES OF WEARING
APPAREL," to be as follows :-
The object of our Invention is to render fabrics made of linen, or cotton, or
partly of linen and partly of cotton, capable of being used more advantageously
than heretofore in, substitution for silk fabrics in the manufacture of ties,
scarfs, waistbands, wristbands, and other like articles of wearing apparel.
For this purpose we impart to such linen, or cotton, or linen and cotton
fabrics a glossy surface by means of heat and pressure jointly applied in what
is known as a hot press of ordinary construction, care being taken that each
side of the fabric is glazed equally. The materials thus prepared (which may
if desired be embossed, figured, or illuminated by well-known means) will
have the appearance of silk or satin fabrics, and are therefore suitable for the
manufacture of the articles of wearing apparel herein-before referred to.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SLIDE VALVES OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Goodfellow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th October
1867.
I, JACOB GOODFELLOW, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
SLIDE VALVES OF STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the slide valve of the steàm cylinder, and consists
in improved arrangements for reducing the pressure on the valve and reducing
the friction to a minimum. The top of the valve is open instead of closed as
at present, and on the top there is a plate cast or connected to a piston working
in a short cylinder, there being a hole through the plate and piston to allow
steam to pass to the top of the said piston to balance the pressure. Or instead
of the hole & passage may be made from the steam pipe to the top of the piston.
I supply steam to the valve through the central port generally used as the
exhaust, and exhaust the steam through the outer ports generally used as the
steam ports. The steam passes through the central port into the interior of
the valve, and from thence through the hole in the plate and piston to the
top of the piston, and as there is nearly the same pressure of steam on the
under side of the plate and top of the piston the valve is released from the
pressure of the steam and enabled to be moved to and fro with a small amount
of power and diminished friction, and similar arrangements may also be applied
to a cut-off valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VARIOUS ARTICLES OF FURNITURE FOR THE PURPOSE OF ADAPTING THEM TO ADDITIONAL USEPUL PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Ellis and Mark Jacobson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 11th November 1867.-Partly a communication to Mark Jacobson
from abroad by Frederick Wasielewski, of Frankfort-on-the-Oder, and
partly the Invention of the said George Ellis.
We, GEORGE ELLIS, of 19, Bolton Road, St. John's Wood, Gentleman, and
MARK JACOBSON, of 18, Church Street, Spitalfields, Fur Merchant and
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VARIOUS ARTICLES OF FURNITURE FOR THE PURPOSE OF
ADAPTING THEM TO ADDITIONAL USEPUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in combining with articles of useful and
ornamental furniture a writing desk and cabinet so enclosed as to economise
space, and is more fully described in the following statement:-A screen,
cabinet, looking glass, or other article of furniture with front panel of plain or
ornamental glass, painting, drawing, or engraving, which front is so constructed
as to let down in the form of a desk, and when up forms a secret and secure
door of a cabinet or repository, affording great security for the deposit of papers.
and valuables as the outward appearance being merely oramental or plain
woodwork, looking glass, or other glass, painting, drawing, engraving, or
other work of art in no way indicates its purpose.

page_text: Part of the said Invention has been communicated to Mark Jacobson
by F. Wasielewski, of Frankfort-on-the-Oder, which part consists of an
upright fire screen the front letting down so as to form a writing desk.
The other parts, namely the application of the above principle to various
articles of furniture. with the addition of repositories for the safe keeping of
papers and valuables, and the mode of securing or locking the same, are the
contrivance and Invention of George Ellis.
The Invention to be applied to turn up tables, which when the tops hang
perpendicularly the centre flaps let down and form a desk and disclose
the repositories and writing materials, pictures or cabinets fixed at proper
heights on walls constructed upon the same plan and made to answer the
same purposes. The desk when enclosed is held in position by a lock or other
fastening, and being supported by pivots or hinges fixed some inches from the
bottom. The desk when down is held firmly in its place by means of check
pieces or blocks at the back, and the same manner in all other articles of
furniture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCARFS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ignac Pick at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th July
1867.
I, IGNAC PICK, of Falcon Square, in the City of London, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCARFS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL," to be as follows:-
Hitherto chest protectors have been separate articles tied over the chest by
strings passing round the body, or they have been connected by buttoning or
attaching with the waistcoat; whereas according to my improvements I
manufacture a scarf or like article in such manner that it shall also serve
as a chest protector, for which purpose I combine with a piece of material
serving as a covering or protector for the chest a strap or band, or straps or
bands, of silk or other flexible material, such strap or band being intended to
pass round the neck of the wearer or under the collar, and being retained in
place by hook, button, or other mode of attachment; or I manufacture a scarf
or like article with a broad or spread portion suitable for extending over the
region of the chest; and in order that the scarf or similar article may form
an efficient protector to the chest I sometimes manufacture it of a description
of material not hitherto used for the purpose, viz., fur or seal skin, and I line
it generally with wadded silk or other wadded fabric, or other warm material,
but the natural heat of the fur or seal skin which serves as a sufficient
protection for the chest.
A main object of the Invention, however, is to arrange the scarf or other

page_text: article in such manner that it shall serve effectually to protect watches and
similar valuable portable articles from being stolen from the person, a desidera-
'tum of considerable importance at present when robberies from the person are
so frequent. For this purpose I form an aperture in the scarf or other like article
at a part thereof which lies beneath the waistcoat. Such aperture is formed
in the outer of the two materials when two materials are used in the manufac-
ture of the scarf or similar article, or in the outer thickness thereof when two
-or more thicknesses of material are used. I stitch, cement, or otherwise attach
a pocket to or near the sides or lips of this aperture in such manner that the
said pocket shall lie under the aforesaid outer material or outer thickness of
material, and between it and the inner material, or inner thickness of material.
This pocket forms the receptacle for the watch or other valuable portable
article, the same being passed therein through the aperture, while the chain
may be still carried across the front of the waistcoat and be presented to view.
For additional security the chain may be passed through an eyelet or eye
attached to the inner portion of the waistcoat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS BURNING WITH OILS AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Angus at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th August
1867. A communication from abroad by William Porter, of Belleville,
State of New Jersey, United States of America.
I, JOSEPH ANGUS, of The College, Regent's Park, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS BURNING WITH OILS AND OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to prevent the explosion of lamps burning
with volatile oils or other volatile fluids, and consists in providing a tube,
channel, or passage, either formed in one with or separate from the lamp, and
passing down from the top to the bottom thereof. Both ends of the tube or
passage are open, the lower end communicating with the interior of the lamp,
while the upper end communicates with the external atmosphere, and is by
preference surrounded by a small cup or reservoir formed in or upon the
upper part of the lamp. The lower part of the lamp is filled with water, in
which the lower end of the passage is consequently immersed, and the volatile
oil or other fluid floats on the top of the water. By this arrangement it will
be seen that any increase_of_pressure_in_the_lamp_will_relieve-itself-by-
forcing the water up the passage and out of the open end thereof, and into

page_text: the cup or reservoir, and thus any dangerous accumulation of pressure will be
prevented.
In order to keep the lamp wick out of the water at the bottom of the lamp
a small float of any suitable material is attached thereto.
AN IMPROVED HYDRAULIC ENGINE FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
March 1867. A communication from abroad by Charles Faivre, senior,
of Rue St. Sebastien, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED HYDRAULIC ENGINE FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of engine for obtaining
motive power by hydraulic pressure, and is intended more particularly to utilize
the power of the ordinary water service of towns to be used where but little
power is required, such as for driving sewing machines or ventilators.
The engine consists of a cylinder which is mounted on a hemispherical or
segmental cup set in a socket of corresponding form, and in which it fits truly
so as not to allow of the escape of fluid between them. The cup at the
extremity of the motive cylinder has a waterway in its centre, which corre-
sponds in form and dimensions with two ports made in the sides of the socket
in which it works, and which ports lead to the induction and eduction passages
below in the body of the engine. The motive cylinder is provided with a
piston which works up and down inside it in the usual manner, and to the top
of this piston a crank pin is fitted which communicates motion to the fly wheel
of the shaft to be driven. This crank pin works in vertical guide slots in a
tube mounted on the top of the motive cylinder, and being open at top assists
(by atmospheric pressure) the return stroke of the piston.

page_text: It will now be understood that as long as the rocking cylinder is in a vertical
position all the ports will be closed and the engine will remain stationary, but
on giving a slight impulse to the fly wheel the cylinder will (by its crank pin)
be caused to rock sideways and open the induction ports, by which means water
will be allowed to rush up and raise the piston; this upward motion of the
piston will give further impulse to the fly wheel, which will cause the cylinder
to oscillate in the opposite direction and open the eduction ports, thereby
causing the piston to descend on the escape of the water, which will carry the
cylinder again past the dead point and open the induction ports; the same
action will again take place and thus a continuous reciprocating motion will
be communicated to the piston, and through it a continuous rotary motion will
be imparted to the shaft to be driven.
It will of course be understood that this engine may be constructed on a
larger scale and made to serve for purposes where considerable power is
required.