Improvements in Apparatus for Grinding Wire Card Filleting.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 14th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1895,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Grinding Wire Card Filleting.
We JOSEPH STANDRING DRONSFIELD and JAMES DRONSFIELD of the Firm
of Dronsfield Brothers Limited, of the Atlas Works, Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Card Grinding Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:
Our said invention relates to apparatus for grinding card filleting and consists in
certain novel arrangements whereby we are enabled to grind and finish such
filleting in continuous lengths, the filleting being subjected several times to the
action of the grinding rollers (which might comprise both surface and side grinding
rollers) as it passes through the machine, so that it is turned out in a finished
condition. In the centre of our improved machine is a carefully turned and
finished cylinder which carries round the laps of filleting, of which there may be
any suitable number, and subjects the same to the action of the successive grinding
rollers which are arranged at suitable intervals around the said carrying cylinder.
To guide and maintain the laps of filleting accurately to and upon the carrying
cylinder and to present the carding surface evenly and regularly to the grinding
rollers, we provide special' guiding means in combination with the cylinder. When
the filleting has passed once partly around the carrying cylinder it is led away. by
an inclined guiding surface or guiding surfaces which direct it, in its path and lead
it to a fresh portion of the carrying cylinder which again carries the filleting
partly around and beneath the grinding rollers to a fresh. guiding surface or
guiding surfaces and so on throughout the entire length of the carrying cylinder.
These guiding or shunting appliances may take more than one form. For instance
a simple form might be constituted by a plate or stay extending beneath the
carrying cylinder and formed with guiding or shunting channels or ways or fences
which would divert and conduct the filleting from the point where it leaves the
carrying cylinder to the point where it again passes.on to the cylinder and beneath
the grinding rollers.
Again, the said guiding or shunting means might consist of arrangements of
cones strung fast upon central bars the taper of one cone being at an opposite
angle to the taper of the opposite cone so that proper deflection is given to the
filleting as it passes from one cone to another. As a modification of this cone
arrangement we might use cylinders bored at an angle to their axial line and
strung upon central shafts which would give practically the same effect as the
series of cones with the added advantage that by simply turning and adjusting the said
central shafts, the receiving and delivery angle of the said sets of angularly bored
cylinders can be altered at will so as to guide and shunt the card filleting
accurately.
.
The filleting is led to the carrying cylinder through a presser which can be
manipulated so as to give the exact degree of tension required. This presser
bracket might also be pivotted and connected to the strap fork of the driving
pullies in such a manner that any unusual obstruction to the passage of the filleting
would cant the bracket and stop the machine. In leaving the carrying cylinder
the filleting is taken around a rubber or other suitably covered taking-off pulley
which should have a slightly greater surface speed than the carrying cylinder and
which may or may not be furnished with suitable presser rollers. The grinding

page_text: rollers as they revolve are reciprocated to and fro by any suitable traversing
arrangement. When using emery discs for side grinding, the reciprocating traverse
is necessarily much slower than for mere surface grinding.
For surface grinding the traverse might be effected by worms on the ends of
the grinding roller axles, gearing with worm wheels carrying excentrics which
move in stirrup excentric rings loosely pivotted to the vend frame and thus
compelling to and fro motion of the grinding roller shafts. But in side grinding
with thin emery discs weet use in conjunction with this arrangement an excentric
differential motion which would greatly decrease the rate of traverse.
We do
not however confine ourselves to any particular means for traversing the grinding
rollers. The driving of the grinding rollers is effected from the main shaft of the
machine by straps and pullies, and the rotation of the carrying cylinder is effected
from the same source by an upright shaft driven by a worm and worm wheel from
the main shaft, and transmitting motion by a worm and a worm 'wheel to a train of
gearing through which the carrying cylinder is revolved at a suitably slow speed.
The carrying cylinder may also be driven by means of a differential slow motion
direct from the main shaft. The taking-off pulley may be driven by a pitch chain
and pullies from the axle of the carrying cylinder.
"
In setting the machine to work it is advisable to use a stretch of "dummy
filleting to coil on the carrying cylinder and bring over the taking-off pulley. The
filleting to be ground can then be attached to the tail of this dummy fillet and so
be drawn through. The leading end of the dummy can also be attached to the
'tail of the filleting to be ground, and by making the joint of the tail of the dummy
filleting with the leading end of the filleting proper, of some bulk so as to jamb in
the presser bracket, the machine would be automatically stopped as soon as the
whole length of filleting proper had passed through the machine.
By means of our improved apparatus we are enabled either to surface or side
grind continuous lengths of card filleting automatically the filleting being subjected
again and again to the action of the grinding rollers so that it loaves the machine
in a' finished state.
'Dated this 13th day of 'December '1894.
.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5.John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
'COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus. for Grinding Wire Card Filleting.
We JOSEPH STANDRING. DRONSFIELD and JAMES DRONSFIELD of the 'Firm
of Dronsfield Brothers Limited, of. the. Atlas Works, Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Card Grinding Machine. Makers, do hereby declare' the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and rascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings
}
.
4
Our said invention relates to apparatus for igrinding card filleting and consists
in certain novel arrangements whereby we are enabled to grind and finish such
filleting in continuous lengths, the filleting being subjected several times.to the
action of the grinding rollers (which might comprise both surface and side
grinding rollers) as it passes through the machine, so that it is turned out in a
finished condition. In the centre of our improved machine is a carefully turned
"and finished cylinder which carries round the laps of filleting of which there may
be any suitable number and subjects the same to the action of the successive
grinding rollers which are arranged at suitable intervals around the said carrying
cylinder. To guide and maintain the laps of filleting accurately to and upon the
carrying cylinder and to present the carding surface evenly and regularly to the

page_text: grinding rollers we provide special guiding means in combination with the cylinder.
When the filleting has passed once partly around the carrying cylinder it is led
away, by an inclined guiding, surface. or guiding surfaces which divert it in its path
and lead it to a fresh portion of the carrying cylinder which again carries the
filleting partly around and beneath the grinding rollers to a fresh guiding surface
or guiding, surfaces and so on throughout the entire length of the carrying.
cylinder. These guiding or shunting appliances may take more than one form:
For instance a simple form might be constituted by a plate or stay extending.
beneath the carrying cylinder and. formed with guiding or shunting channels or
ways or fences which would divert and conduct the filleting from the point where
it leaves the carrying cylinder to the point where it again passes on to the cylinder.
and beneath the grinding rollers.
Again, the said guiding or shunting means might consist of arrangements of
cones strung fast upon central bars, the taper of one cone being at an opposite:
angle to the taper of the opposite coue so that proper deflection is given to the:
As a modification of 'this cone
filleting, as it passes from one cone to another.
arrangement we might use cylinders bored at an angle to their axial line, and strung
upon central shafts. which would give practically the same effect as the series of
cones with the added advantage that by simply turning and adjusting the said
central shafts the receiving, and delivery angles of the said sets of angularly
bored cylinders can be altered.at will so as to guide and shunt the card filleting
accurately.
.
The filleting is, led to the carrying cylinder through a presser which can be
manipulated, so as to give the: exact. dégree of tension required. This presser-
bracket might also be pivotted and connected to the strap fork of the driving pullies
in such a manner that any unusual obstruction to the passage of the filleting would.
cant the bracket and stop the machine. In leaving the carrying cylinder the
filleting is taken around a rubber or other suitably covered, taking off pulley which
should have a slightly greater surface speed than the carrying cylinder and 'which
may or may not be furnished with suitable presser rollers.
The grinding rollers as they revolve are reciprocated to and fro by any-suitable:
traversing arrangement.
When using emery discs for side grinding,, the reciprocating traverse is
necessarily much slower than for mere surface grinding..
For surface grinding, the traverse might be effected by worms on the ends of
the grinding roller axles, gearing with worm wheels carrying excentrics which
move in stirrup, excentric rings loosely pivotted' to the end frame and thus
But in side grinding
compelling to and fro motion of the grinding roller shafts.
with thin emery discs, we use in conjunction with this arrangement 'an excentric.
We do not
differential motion which would greatly decrease the rate of traverser
however confine ourselves to any particular means for traversing the grinding
rollers. The driving of the grinding rollers is effected from the main shaft of the
machine by straps and pullies and, the rotation of the carrying cylinder is effected
from the same source by an upright shaft driven by a worm and 'worm-wheel from
5 the main shaft, and transmitting motion. by a worm and a worm wheel to a train of
gearing through which the carrying cylinder is revolved at a suitably slow speed.
The carrying cylinder may also be driven by means of a differential slow motion
direct from the main shaft.. The taking-off pulley may be driven by a pitch chain
and pullies from the axle, of the carrying cylinder.
In setting, the machine to work it is advisable to use a stretch of "dummy"
filleting to coil on the carrying cylinder and bring over the taking-off'pulley. The
filleting to be ground can then be attached to the tail'of this dummy fillet and' so
be drawn through. The leading end of the dummy can also be attached to the
tail of the filleting to be ground, and by making the joint of the tail of the dummy
5 filleting with the leading end of the filleting proper, of some bulk so as to jamb in
the presser bracket, the machine would be automatically stopped as soon as the
whole length of filleting proper had passed through the machine.

page_text: To render our invention fully understood we will now proceed to describe the
same in detail, reference being had to the annexed two sheets of illustrative
drawings.
On Sheet 1—.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a card fillet grinding apparatus constructed in
accordance with our invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same.
On Sheet 2—.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the apparatus.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are illustrations of details and modifications.
The parts of the apparatus are supported between two side frames a a connected
by a cross stay a¹. About the centre of the machine and supported in suitable
bearings on the side frames is a shaft which carries a carefully turned and
finished cylinder b, the function of which is to carry the laps of filleting slowly
round. Just beneath the cylinder bare situated the guiding and shunting means
for guiding and straightening the successive laps of filleting. In the drawings
these grinding and shunting means consist of two strings of cones e c¹ the several
cones being either turned out of a solid bar or else separately strung upon a central
rod. or bar. It will be noticed by a reference to Figs. 3 and 4 that the cones of
one string are set in a different direction to those of the other string, the side of
the fillet X" which leaves the full end of one cone, next encountering the
smaller end of the next cone to which it is led and vice versa with regard to the
other side of the filleting, as shown in Fig. 4. Thus we keep equal strain upon
both sides of the filleting in shunting and guiding it diagonally across from cone
The filleting is therefore neither unequally strained nor twisted and is
led straight from and to the central carrying cylinder b.
to cone.
We
The filleting is carried in successive laps by the cylinder b, the laps being
laid close to each other by the guiding and shunting means just described.
The central cylinder is slowly turned by any suitable means.
For example
as indicated in Figs. 1 and 3 the box pulley e on the end of the shaft is
intended to contain a differential slow motion, such a slow motion for example as
is now commonly used in many classes of apparatus to effect slow turning.
do not however make any claim in respect of this slow motion and we might
substitute for it such a means of reducing speed as is shown for example in Fig. 5
Sheet 2. In this case we might place a worm g on the driving shaft of the
machine, the said worm 9 engaging with a worm wheel at the foot of an upright
shaft, the upper end of which shaft carries another worm j which gears with
and drives the first of a train of wheels k k k² the last wheel being keyed on
the shaft of the cylinder b. Any other suitable or known means for communi-
cating a slow motion to the cylinder b might however be adopted. In juxta-
position to the cylinder 6 we place the grinding rollers. In the drawings the
rollers are intended to be the surface grinders while the grinder is intended
to, indicate a string of side grinding discs. These grinding rollers and dises are
supported in pivotted carriers m, consisting of segments having teeth on a portion
of their periphery, which engage with pinions n carried on shafts n'.
shafts n also carry a toothed wheel n gearing with a worm n³ on a short
spindle n. The spindles n' are each furnished with a hand wheel n°.
These
By turning the hand wheel and spindle the parts are operated so as to turn
the carrier m on its pivot m' whereby the grinding rollers are moved in a curved
path away from or towards the card filleting as it passes round with the
cylinder b. Thus the grinding rollers and can be lowered to the exact
point which they are intended to occupy when at work. To fix this exact point
and enable the rollers to be lowered with speed and certainty to the same point

page_text: exactly, we provide in each case a stop wheel o mounted loosely upon a fixul
stud o the end of the stud carrying a fixed finger-stop o and gearing with a
pinion on the spindle n. A groove in the face of the wheel o contains an
adjustable stop o with pinching screw which stop can be slid round in the groore
and fixed at any desired point. Therefore when the grinding roller has been
lowered to the desired pitch, the stop o³ is slid round in the groove until it comes
against the side of the fixed finger o whereupon it is fixed in position by the
pinching screw and forms a fixed stop to which the rollers can always afterwards
be lowered with certainty and despatch.
In operating the apparatus the card filleting "X" is led in the direction
of the arrows first through a presser bracket p which gives the necessary tension.
The filleting then passes on to the carrying cylinder 6 and moving slowly round
therewith is subjected to the action of the grinding rollers ll and also if side
grinding is being done, to the side grinding discs . After passing the side
grinding discs the filleting leaves the cylinder 6 and is led beneath the first cone of
the back string c. The angular pitch of this cone diverts and deflects the filleting
at an angle to the axis of the cylinder b and directs it at an angle towards the
diagonally opposite cone of the front string c, as clearly appears in Fig. 4. In
addition to their deflecting and shunting qualities the cones have the property of
maintaining the fillet at an equal stretch throughout, the edge which leaves the
full part of one cone slipping upon the smaller end of the next cone, and vice
versu as regards the other edge. On leaving a cone in the front string the
filleting again passes to the cylinder where it is again subjected to the action
of the grinding rollers and discs and so on, the several laps of filleting being
subjected successively to the grinding operations until at last the filleting is led
around the taking-off wheel 9 by which it is drawn from the last cone of the
series and delivered to any suitable receptacle.
+
To facilitate this final removal of the filleting from the apparatus we prefer
to drive the taking-off wheel by a pitch chain or other suitable means at a
slightly greater surface speed than the surface speed of the cylinder b. This keeps
the filleting taut.
7
The periphery of the taking-off' wheel q is preferably covered with some material
which will give the wheel a better frictional bite of the filleting, and to assist this
we use a nip roller covered with rubber or other suitable material and dropped
into slot bearings in a brackets so as to press upon the filleting. The tension
bracket p is pivotted at p to the side frame and is connected by helical springs p²
to fixed studs on the frame. The tension bracket p thus constitutes a bell-crank
lever yielding elastically to the pull of the filleting. A stud p³ projecting from
the bracket p enters a slotted rod t and this rod (which is provided with a
handle ) engages at the foot with a notch in the belt fork lever u.
The belt
fork lever u carries a coiled spring u the constant tendency of which is to
shift the fork us from the fast pulley v to the loose pulley v', which would stop
the machine.
1
As shown in Fig. 3 the apparatus is running, but if some extra resistance of
the filleting in passing through the tension bracket p were to take place, the
filleting would pull on the bracket p against the tension of the springs p² and so
as to raise the slotted rod t and draw it out of the notch in the belt fork lever u.
When this takes place the spring u¹ shoots the lever u back so as to shift the driving
belt w from the fast to the loose pulley whereby the apparatus is automatically
stopped. A band lever u³ pivotted at ut on a fixed bracket us, is used to set the
lever u in driving position again, or it may be used to effect the stopping and
starting apart from the automatic arrangement just described, which may if desired
be kept out of gear. Thus we provide for both automatic and manual stopping and
starting of the machine.
The driving of the grinding rollers 11 is effected by belts which pass partly
around a pulley ¹ fixed on the driving shaft f of the machine. These belts pass
over pullies fixed on the shafts 13 of the grinding rollers 1 1. The shaft

page_text: carrying the side grinding discs is driven by a belt y from a pulley y' on the
opposite end of the shaft. The same .pulley y takes the, belt which drives the
box pulley e containing, the slow motion as hereinbefore referred to...
Although we consider that the guiding, and sbunting means described, that is to
say the two.strings of opposing cones,, is perhaps the most useful, convenient and.
practical arrangement.for.effecting, our purpose we do not confine ourselves to such
an arrangement...
For instance, we, might use, a plate, or stay, extending beneath the carrying
cylinder band formed with guiding or shunting channels.or. ways or fences- which
would divert and conduct the filleting, from the point where it leaves the carrying
cylinder.to the point where it again. passes on to the cylinder... As a modification
of the two, strings, of.cones, we might, bore, a number of cylinders z at an angle. to
their axial line and, thread them upon shafts as shown at Fig. 6. The peripheries
of the, excentrically, threaded cylinders: would, then present the requisite inclined
faces for shunting and guiding the filleting just as in the case of the coues, with the
added advantage that by, turning, the shafts, slightly, the angle of inclination of the
cylinder faces can be altered at will andradjusted to the desired position.
The grinding rollers..as they revolve are reciprocated in the direction of their
axes by any suitable arrangement. For instance.as, indicated at. Fig. 3 the; box 1:
on the outer end.of.the.shaft, contains in the actual, machine a worm carried on
the end of the shaft and gearing with a worm wheel carrying an excentric which,
is connected by, a loosely pivotted stirrup-link 2 with the side frame. The détails
of this arrangement are not illustrated because these are well known and in common
use, for purposes such as this, and besides any other reciprocating motion, might be
used. In reciprocating the side. grinding, emery, discs. we use in conjunction with
the described arrangement an excentric differential motion also of common knowledge
which greatly decreases the rate of traverse.. In neither case however do we
confine ourselves to any particular means, for traversing, the grinding, rollers and
discs..
The taking-off pulley 9 is driven, from a chain pulley, 3 on its axle, arranged
opposite to a similar pulley on the shaft b¹ of the cylinder 6. A pitch chain connects
these two pullies, the. taking-off pulley, being thus, driven. direct. from the central
cylinder shaft b¹..
In starting the apparatus it.is advisable to use a length of "dummy" filleting to
coil on the carrying cylinder b and bring, out over the taking-off pulley. The
filleting to be ground, can then..be attached to the, tail. of this dummy fillet and so
be drawn through...
The leading end of the dummy, fillet can also. be attached to, the tail of the.
filleting to be ground and by, making the joint between the two of sufficient bulk
to jamb in the tension.. bracket the machine would be. automatically stopped, as
soon as the whole, length of filleting proper has passed through the machine.
By means of our invention we are enabled either to surface or side grind
continuous lengths of card filleting automatically, the filleting being subjected
again and again to. the, motion of the grinding rollers. so that it leaves the machine
in a finished state.
It will be evident, that the construction and mere disposition of parts of our
apparatus may be greatly varied so long as the. gist of our invention is retained viz.
the main carrying. cylinder with the. shunting, and. guiding means and the grinding.
rollers or. discs arranged, in juxta-position thereto.so as to traverse and grind
continuously a series of successive laps of filleting in the manner.described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is.
'
1. The general arrangement, construction and. combination of parts comprising
our improved apparatus for grinding and finishing wire card filleting in successive
Japs and continuous lengths substantially as described and as illustrated

page_text: 2. In apparatus for grinding wire card filleting the employment of a main
carrying cylinder such as the cylinder b in combination with guiding and shunting
means for guiding and deflecting the wire card filleting, whereby the said filleting
is traversed round and along the carrying cylinder and at the same time ground in
successive laps substantially as described and shown.
3. In apparatus for grinding and sharpening wire card filleting, the combination
of the main carrying cylinder, the means for guiding an shunting the card
filleting and the grinding rollers or discs, arranged and operating substantially as
described and shown.
4. In apparatus of the indicated nature, the improved means for guiding and
shunting the card filleting substantially as described and shown.
5. The improved pivotted tension bracket p connected by springs to the frame
and arranged to release the belt fork lever and stop the apparatus automatically
should the filleting stick or jamb in the bracket substantially as described and
shown.
6. The improved card fillet grinding apparatus consisting in its main features
of the pivotted spring tension bracket, the revolving carrying cylinder, the guiding
and shunting means, the revolving and reciprocating grinding rollers and discs
capable of being advanced towards and from the carrying cylinder by the indicated
means, and the taking-off pulley and presser roller all arranged combined and
operating in the manner for the purposes and substantially as described and
illustrated.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents,
For the Applicants.