IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIAL
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Alfred Turner, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, and George Davies, of Chorley, in the County
of Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIAL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Alfred Turner
and George Davies at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th May 1872.
We, JAMES ALFRED TURNER, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, and GEORGE DAVIES, of Chorley, in the County of Chester, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the waterproof material employed for packing
goods in cases or bales for export and other purposes, and the object of
the Invention is to produce a compound packing material that shall be
strong and waterproof, and at the same time not liable to soil the goods
which are packed therein. Packing material of this description has been
made hitherto by combining brown or other suitable paper with a woven
fabric, either the paper or the woven fabric being previously coated on
one or both sides with a waterproof material or composition.

page_text: Our Invention consists principally in substituting carded cotton, cotton
waste, "mungo," or other suitable refuse, or other suitable fibrous material
or materials in a loose or fleecy state (or before it has been spun or
woven), for the woven fabric hitherto employed for this purpose. By the
employment of the fibrous material or materials in this state not only is a
considerable economy of cost effected by reason of the subsequent
operations of preparing, spinning, and weaving being dispensed with, but
a much softer and superior surface is produced, and the waterproofing
material or compound is effectually covered or protected by a much
smaller amount of fibre than is required when a woven fabric is used.
The cotton or other fibrous material may be applied to the paper in
various ways, but we prefer to effect the operation as follows:-We
propose to employ any ordinary apparatus for applying the waterproofing
material or compound to the paper, and at a suitable distance we place a
rough carding or scribbling engine. The cotton waste, “mungo," or
other fibrous material being previously prepared in the ordinary way is
fed into this engine, and as it issues from the delivery end thereof in a
thin sheet or fleece it is conveyed down an inclined table, and in passing
over a roller it is pressed by a second roller into contact with the still
adhesive surface of the waterproofing material on the paper, to which it
will readily adhere, after which the superfluous fibres may be removed
and the surface smoothed by means of a rotary brush. The fleecy surface
or nap thus produced will be much superior in effect to a woven fabric,
and refuse, or waste, or other fibrous materials may be used with
advantage for the purpose which are too short in the fibre to be con-
veniently spun into yarn and woven.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Alfred Turner and George Davies in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th November 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES 3
ALFRED TURNER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and
GEORGE DAVIES, of Chorley, in the County of Chester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-fifth 3

page_text: year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said James Alfred Turner and George Davies, Her
special license that we, the said James Alfred Turner and George Davies,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said James Alfred Turner and George Davies, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WATERPROOF PACKING MATERIAL," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said James Alfred Turner and George Davies, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Alfred Turner and George
▸ Davies, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say)
This Invention relates to the waterproof material employed for packing
goods in cases or bales for export and other purposes, and the object of
5 the Invention is to produce a compound packing material that shall be
strong and waterproof, and at the same time not liable to soil the goods
which are packed therein. Packing material of this description has
been made hitherto by combining brown or other other suitable paper
with a woven fabric, either the paper or the woven fabric being previously
O coated on one or both sides with a waterproof material or composition.
Our Invention consists principally in substituting carded cotton,
waste, "mungo," or other suitable refuse, or other fibrous material or
materials in a loose or fleecy state (or before it has been spun or
woven), for the woven fabric hitherto employed for this purpose. By the
5 employment of the fibrous material or materials in this state not only is
a considerable economy of cost effected by reason of the subsequent
operations of preparing, spinning, and weaving being dispensed with, but
a much softer and superior surface is produced, and the waterproofing

page_text: material or compound is effectually covered or protected by a much
smaller amount of fibre than is required when a woven fabric is used.
The cotton or other fibrous material may be applied to the paper in
various ways, but we prefer to effect the operation as follows:- We
propose to employ any ordinary apparatus for applying the waterproofing
material or compound to the paper, and at a suitable distance we place a
rough carding or scribbling engine. The cotton waste, "mungo," or
other fibrous material being previously prepared in the ordinary way is
fed into this engine, and as it issues from the delivery end thereof in a
thin sheet or fleece it is conveyed down an inclined table, and in passing
over a roller it is pressed by a second roller into contact with the still
adhesive surface of the waterproofing material on the paper, to which it
will readily adhere, after which the superfluous fibres may be removed
and the surface smoothed by means of a rotary brush. The fleecy surface
or nap thus produced will be much superior in effect to a woven fabric,
and refuse, or waste, or other fibrous materials may be used with
advantage for the purpose, which are too short in the fibre to be con-
veniently spun into yarn and woven.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed
or carried into practical effect, we wish it to be understood that we claim
as our Invention, the manufacture of waterproof packing material by
combining with the brown or other paper and waterproof compound
carded cotton, cotton waste, or other suitable refuse, or other fibrous
material or materials in a loose or fleecy state (in lieu of the woven
fabric hitherto employed), substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein-before more particularly set forth and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Alfred Turner and George
Davies, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fifteenth day
of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-two.
JAS. ALF. TURNER. (L.s.)
GEORGE DAVIES.
(L.S.)