IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FINISHING HORSE-SHOE Nams
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FINISHING HORSE-SHOE
Nams." A communication from abroad by the "National Horse
Nail Company, Incorporated," of Vergennes, Vermont, United
States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 18th November 1873, pursuant to the 9th
Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR FINISHING HORSE-SHOE NAILS," and have petitioned Her
Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn
Declaration that it has been communicated to me from abroad by "The
National Horse Nail Company, Incorporated," of Vergennes, Vermont,
United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and seal, fully
describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the accompanying Drawing forming a part of
this Specification :—
My Invention relates to a machine for shearing, beveling, and
hardening the points of horse-shoe nails, after the same have been
formed into blanks by other mechanism, and it consists principally,-
First. In a feed screw, by which the nails are advanced with a
differential movement, held stationary during the shearing operation, and
then advanced to the beveling and the hardening mechanism.
Second. In the combination with a feed screw operating as above
described, of a shearing punch and die, either revolving or reciprocating
in such manner as to shear the superfluous metal from the sides of the
blanks, and prepare it for the milling cutter.
Third. In the beveling and hardening cylinders, the former of which is
provided with teeth for cutting a bevel on the front edge of the nails,
and the latter with blunt teeth or rollers for compacting and hardening
the point of the nails.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING..
Figure 2 is a side elevation
Figure 1 is a plan of the said machine.
thereof. Figure 3 is a sectional view of Figures 1 and 2, taken on the
plane indicated by lines x, x, to show the beveling and hardening
mechanism.
Figure 4 is a similar view taken on the planes indicated by lines y, y,
to show more clearly the shearing punch and die.
Figure 5 shews a reciprocating instead of a rotating shearing die, with
the corresponding modifications.
The feeding mechanism comprises the following principal parts:—

page_text: V
DOCW опако
pinions K, K¹.
The shearing device consists of the revolving die B, and the main
shaft M, with which it rotates, the stationary punch O, the clamping
piece a, the collar O, the gear wheel L; the inverted pendulum c, the
hanger d, the punch e, and die f, the crank shaft 9, crank pin h, seg-
mental block i, curved slot j, and the clearing block.
The beveling and hardening device consists of the milling cutter D,
and the corrugated hardening roll E, on the shaft T, the gear wheel N,
the dies F and G, the sliding frame Q, the adjusting screw P, and the
auxiliary roller U.
The feed screw A is revolved by the pinion K, gearing into the wheel
L on the main shaft M. The threads of the feed screw become coarser
at a point to the left of the punch C, for the purpose of separating the
nails and thereby preventing the die B from catching more than one nail
at a time in passing over the punch. The screw shaft has an endwise or
longitudinal play, governed by the beveled cam H bearing against the
conical roller I, in a direction opposite to the lead of the screw threads,
by means of the spring J. The surface of the cam H which bears
against the roll I, is at an angle with the axis of the screw shaft. This
angle has the same pitch as the coarser threads of the feed screw, and
the cam is adjusted to counteract the advance of the threads, by moving
the shaft in the opposite direction at an equal speed during the shearing
of the nail.
Instead of the friction roll I, any other form of stop may be used that
will act upon the cam H to give the feed screw the necessary end
movement.
The end of the main shaft M is enlarged for the reception of the
shearing die B, but any suitable device may be used for securing the die
to the shaft. On its open end the die B has beveled projections on each
side, which guide the nail more certainly to the centre of the die if a
nail too small to fill up the space between the threads should be placed
in the screw. The shearing punch C is clamped securely to the stock,
being placed directly opposite the slot in the revolving shearing die B.
The clamping piece a has its outer end rounded off as indicated by the
dotted lines to guide the nails over the punch. Both the punch and die
are at an angle to the axis of the feed screw, the angle being

page_text: coincident with the pitch of the screw threads, as the nails within the
screw threads will have the same general inclination.
In the reciprocating shearing die, as shown in Figure 5, the die fis
secured to and swings with an inverted pendulum c, which is pivoted on
the hanger d. In the upper end of the pendulum is a curved slot j, in
which plays a segmental block i, and in this block revolves a crank pin h
on the crank shaft g. The effect of this mechanism is to produce a
differential movement in the die f. This movement of the die is rapid
in its approach to and retreat from the punch, but slow at other points,
to enable the sheared nail to pass from and the blank to reach the punch
in time for the return of the die f. The stationary clearing block fits
loosely in the slot of the reciprocating die, and clears the die of the nail
on its return, this block being at the same time sufficiently distant from
the punch e to permit the nail to pass freely between them.
The other parts of the machine operate in substantially the same
manner with the reciprocating as with the rotating shearing die.
The milling cutter D (shown in Figure 3, where part of the roll E is
broken away) is keyed on the shaft T, which is rotated by the gearing
N, K¹. The cutter by means of its sharpened teeth readily bevels down
the point of the nail on its face, the die G serving as a bearing for the
nail during this operation. This cutter however is intended to remove
only a part of the superfluous metal from the end of the nail, the fine
hard point being produced by the roll E, which is provided with blunt
teeth or corrugations, and reduces and hardens by compacting the end
of the nail or the small auxiliary roll U may be placed in the periphery
of the roll E to perform the same function. The shaft T on which both
rolls are keyed, is journaled in an adjustable frame Q, which is secured
in place by the screw P or other suitable mechanism. The object of this
adjustable frame is to regulate the bevel on the nail.
In operating the machine the nails are inserted between the finer 3
threads of the feed screw, and advanced thereby until within a short
distance of the shearing punch, when the screw threads widen and
separate the nails farther. When each nail is directly before the punch,
it is held stationary as above described, until the shearing die passes over
it and trims off its sides, when it again moves on with increased speed, 3
by reason of the return axial motion of the feed screw, and thus, passing
clear of the die at its next revolution the nail passes on to the milling

page_text: cutter, which bevels its face at the point sufficiently to enable the roll to
perfect the nail by producing a fine hard point thereon.
If the movable die B were made stationary, and the punch C were
made to force the nail through the die in the usual manner, the nail
would be forced out of its line of progress, and could not by reason
thereof be advanced by the feed screw until again forced out of the die
by some additional mechanism.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that the said Invention may be varied in
many non-essential particulars without departing from the principles
involved therein. Thus inasmuch as one of the main features of my
Invention consists in giving a longitudinal reciprocating movement to
the feed screw. during a part of its revolution to allow the nail to be
held stationary for a time against the trimming punch or anvil before
passing from the screw, it is immaterial whether this reciprocation is
effected by means of a cam and spring, as shown, or by any other means
adapted to produce the desired movement, as for instance by the use of
a weight to give the return movement to the screw, or by the use of a
grooved cam to give both the advance and the return movement; so far
again as concerns the shearing punch and die, the shearing die, as
already described, may be made reciprocating instead of revolving, or the
shearing die might if desired be made stationary, and the punch
revolving. Though in the latter case, inasmuch as the punch would
force the nail into the die, a spring or other device would necessarily be
placed behind the die to force the nail out, in order that the nail might
be advanced further by the feed screw. The milling cutter too may be
made to operate both as a cutter and a roll. Other modifications of the
said Invention may also be made without departing from the leading
features of the same. I claim,―
First. The combination in a nail machine of the feed screw,
the cam
H, and the friction roll I, or equivalent contrivances, by means of which
a longitudinal reciprocating movement is imparted to the screw
during a part of its revolution, as herein set forth and for the purpose
specified.
Second. The milling cutter D and supporting die G, in combination

page_text: Third. The corrugated roll E and supporting die F, in combination
with the feed screw A, as herein described and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. The auxiliary roll U supported on the periphery of the roll E,
as herein set forth and for the purpose described.
Fifth. The combination of the auxiliary roll U, the milling cutter D,
and the screw A, as herein set forth.
Sixth. The combination in a nail machine of a shearing punch and
die or dies, and a longitudinally reciprocating feed screw, the parts being
arranged substantially as described, so as to trim the nail before it passes
from the screw.
Seventh. In a nail machine, the combination of a movable die and
stationary punch, for the purpose specified.
Eighth. The combination of the reciprocating shearing die f, stationary
punch C, and clearing block, for the purpose specified.
Ninth. The combination of the horizontally reciprocating feed screw A,
the shearing die f, the clearing block, and punch O, as herein set forth
and for purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
Witness,
H. J. NOONE,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)