Improvements in Railway Signalling Apparatus.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1897-Accepted, 10th July, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Railway Signalling Apparatus.
I, JOSEPH NEWBY NEWSOм, residing at 4011 N. Twentieth Street, in the City of
St. Louis, State of Missouri, U.S.A., Telegraph Operator, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to Improvements in Railway Signalling Apparatus; and it
consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts, herein-
after shown, described and claimed.
The principal object of my invention is to connect signals to a telegraph line
in such a way that any one of said signals may be operated telegraphically without
operating any other one of said signals, and for convenience and clearness of de-
scription I will divide it into two principal parts, and I will designate one part
the call-bell and the other part the semaphore.
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view in elevation of a telegraph office fitted up with
signals in accordance with the principles of my invention, parts being broken away
to economize space and other parts being broken away to more clearly illustrate
my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of my telegraph call-bell, the box
being shown in section and the mechanism being shown as connected to an
ordinary telegraph sounder, the view being taken looking in the direction
indicated by the arrow 2 in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a stop plan view of the mechanism
of the call-bell shown in the box in Fig. 2, with the cap of the box and the mechan-
ism connected thereto removed. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the mechanism
shown inside of the box in Fig. 2, and shown in plan in Fig. 3, and taken looking
in the direction indicated by the arrow 4 in Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 5 is a top plan
view of the pawl-case within which the pawl-wheel operates. Fig. 6 is a vertical
sectional view of the pawl-case taken approximately on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5,
and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow 6. Fig. 7 is a vertical
sectional view of the pawl-case taken approximately on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5,
and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow 7. Fig. 8 is a top plan view
of a system of clock gearing of which I make use. Fig. is a side elevation of
the parts shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the pawl-case looking
from the centre and shows the dogs for operating the pawls parts being broken
away. Fig. 11 is an arm used to connect the telegraph sounder with the call-bell
mechanism. Figure 12 is a view in perspective and Fig. 13 is a top plan view
of one of the dogs shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 14 is a view in perspective of the dog
which operates in conjunction with the dog shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 15 is a view
in perspective of the dog shown in Fig. 14, together with the shaft and crank
attached to said dog for operating the same. Fig. 16 is a view in perspective
of the pawl-shoe. Fig. 17 18 a top plan view of the pawl form.
Fig. 18 is a view in perspective of one of the pawls. Fig. 19 is a
sectional view illustrating the operation of the pawl shown in Fig. 18,
and taken through one side of the pawl-case and through a part of
the pawl-wheel. Fig. 20 is a top plan view of the pawl-wheel of which I make
use, the outer part of said wheel consisting largely of pawls, such as are shown in
Figs. 18 and 19. Fig. 21 is a sectional view of the pawl-wheel frame and taken

page_text: approximately on the line 21-21 of Fig. 20, with the pawls and cap removed.
Fig. 22. is a top plan view of the cap shown in Fig. 20. Fig. 23 is a vertical sec-
tional view on the line 23-23 of Fig. 22. Fig. 24 is a top plan view of the spring,
spring-casing and toothed-wheel which operate the clock work. Fig. 25 is a side
elevation of the toothed-wheel shown in Fig. 24. Fig. 26 is a view in elevation
of the motor and the clock gearing connected to the same, parts being shown in
section and parts being broken away and one side of the motor field being removed,
the view being taken looking in the direction indicated by the arrow 26 in Fig. 2,
or from the rear side of Fig. 4. Fig. 27 is a view in perspective of the pawl-
wheel bracket, which is also shown in plan in Fig. 3. Fig. 28 is a diagrammatic
view illustrating the use of the pawl-form shown in plan in Fig. 17, in connection
with the pawls carried by the pawl-wheel, said pawl-form being shown in elevation
as seen looking from the centre of the pawl-wheel. Fig. 29 is a vertical sectional
view of the mechanism which is, shown as being mounted in the upper part of
the box in-Fig. 2, the view being taken looking in the direction indicated by the
arrow. 29 in Fig. 2. Fig. 30 is an enlarged detail view of the electro-magnet of.
which I make use in operating the semaphore, the view being taken looking as
in Fig. 32. Fig. 31 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism for operating the
semaphore, parts being broken away to more clearly illustrate the same and to
economize space, and the mechanism being shown in the position it occupies
when the danger signal is displayed, the view being taken approximately on the
line 31-31 of Fig. 33, and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow 31.
Fig. 32 is a view similar to Fig. 31, showing the mechanism in the position it
occupies before it has been operated to display the danger signal. Fig. 33 is. a
vertical sectional view taken approximately on the line 33-33 of Fig. 31, and
looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. Fig. 34 is an enlarged detail
view of the worm-sprocket-wheel which I use in operating the semaphore.
Fig. 35 is an enlarged detail sectional view, analogous to Figs. 31 and 32. Fig. 36
is a sectional view of the toothed segment used in the semaphore and taken
approximately on the line 36-36 of Fig. 35. Fig. 37 is a view in perspective
of one of the brushes shown in Fig. 35. Fig. 38 is a diagrammatic view illustrating
the electric circuits which I employ.
Referring to Fig. 1, the side-wall of the telegraph office is indicated by the
numeral, said wall being broken away to show the operator's table 2, which table
supports the telegraph sounder 3 and the call-bell 4, said call-bell being connected
to said sounder. The local battery 5 is located under the table 2 and operates the
call-hell 4 subject to the control of the telegraph sounder 3. The post 6 located
near to and outside the telegraph office supports the semaphore 7. The wire 8
of the telegraph line passes from one of the telegraph poles 9, through the casing
of the semaphore into the telegraph oflice and to the telegraph sounder 3.
Referring to Figs. 2 and 29, the call-bell mechanism is enclosed in the rectangular
box 10, which box is attached to the base 11, and said base 11 rests upon the table 2,
and the cap 12 is hinged to one of the upper edges of said box 10 and serves as
a cover for said box. A pair of ordinary alarm bells 13 is mounted on the outside of
the box and on top of the cap 12, and the clapper 25 is mounted between said bells.
Attached to the back wall of the cap 12 and upon its inner face is a bracket 15,
and the electro-magnet 16 is supported by said bracket, said magnet being mounted
in a horizontal position with the free ends of its cores projecting forwardly.
The posts 17 and 18 extend downwardly from the horizontal portion of the
cap 12, and in the lower ends of said posts are horizontally aligned screw-threaded
bearings in which are mounted the screws 19 and 20, with their points towards
each other. In the points of the screws 19 and 20 are formed recesses to receive
the pointed ends of the shaft 21, and the armature 22 is pivotally mounted upon
said shaft in position to engage the cores of the magnet 16. An arm 23 extends
forwardly and upwardly from the upper end of the armature 22, through the
opening 24 in the cap 12, and the clapper 25 is attached to the upper end of said
arm 23 and in position to engage the bells 13. An arm 26 extends downwardly

page_text: from the armature 22 a short distance below the shaft 21, and a retractile coll-
spring 27 is attached to said arm and connected to the set-screw 28, which set-
screw is screwseated in the arm 29 projecting downwardly from the bracket 15.
The tension of the coil-spring 27 is exerted to hold the armature 22 out of engage-
ment with the cores of the magnet 16. A post 30 extends downwardly from the
horizontal portion of the cap 12 and a screw 21, carrying the contact-point 32,
is adjustably mounted in the lower end of said post. A contact-point 33 projects
from the upper end of the armature 22 in position to engage the contact-point 32
when the armature is drawn away from the magnet by the tension of the spring 27.
A post 34 extends downwardly from the horizontal portion of the cap 12 and has
a bearing in its lower end, in which the shaft 35 is mounted. A ratchet-wheel 36
is mounted upon the inner end of the shaft 35, and upon the outer end of said
shaft 35 is a worm 37. A lever 38 is fixed upon the shaft 21 in a vertical position,
and the pawl 39 is pivotally connected to the upper end of said lever 38, while
the pawl 40 is pivotally connected to the lower end of said lever. The free ends
of the pawls 39 and 40 engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 36, and thus form a
ratchet connection between the armature 22 and the shaft 35. The springs 41 and
42 are attached to the lever 38 and engage the pawls 39 and 40, respectively, the
tension of said springs being exerted to hold the free ends of said pawls in engage-
ment with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 36. The vibration of the armature 22
will rotate the shaft 35 by means of the ratchet connection described.
In the lower end of the post 34 is a bearing 43 in which the shaft 44 operates
said shaft 44 being slightly above the shaft 35 and at right angles thereto. Upon
the rear end of the shaft 44 is a worm-gear 45 which meshes with the worm 37
upon the shaft 35, and upon the opposite end of the shaft 44 from the worm-
gear 45 is a collar 46 rigidly fixed to said shaft, and the cam 47 projects from said
collar.
A bracket 48 is attached to the inner face of the left-hand wall of the cap 12,
and a spring-bar 49 is attached to said bracket and extends in a horizontal position
to a point near the collar 46. Attached to the free end of the spring-bar 49 is
a block 50, and an arm 51 extends backwardly from said bar into a position to
be engaged by the free end of the cam 47. The cam 47 serves as an eccentric
and when the shaft 44 is rotated, said cam 47 will engage the arm 51 and elevate
said arm 51, and when said cam 47 passes beyond the reach of said arm 51, the
free end of the spring-bar 49 will be released and will spring downwardly to a
point below its normal position. Extending downwardly from the block 50 is
a rod 52 and upon the lower end of said rod 52 is a head 53 which serves as a
hammer, the use of which will be hereinafter more fully described.
The principal elements contained in the box 10, besides the mechanism attached
to the cap which has just been described, consist of the motor 54 which furnishes
the necessary power for operating the mechanism; the clock spring 55 enclosed
in the spring-case 56, which clockspring is wound by the operation of said motor 54;
the clock work operated by said clock springs; the pawl wheel 57 which is
mounted in the pawl-case 58 and operated by said clock work; and the means of
controlling the operation of said pawl-wheel.
Referring to Figs. 2, 4 and 26, the motor 54 is of the ordinary construction and
The armature 59 is
operation, with the exceptions hereinafter pointed out.
mounted upon the shaft 60, and said shaft 60 carries the worm 61. The coil-
magnets 62 are mounted above the armature and supported by the frame 63 which
form the field of the armature. Parallel arms 64 extend backwardly in horizontal
planes from the frame 63 and also extend a short distance forwardly from said
frame, and the ends of said arms are connected by the cross-pieces 65 and 66,
and said cross-pieces have horizontally aligned screwthreaded apertures in which
are mounted the set-screws 67 and 68; the inner end of said set-screws being pointed
and engaging in recesses in the ends of the shaft 60, thus forming a support for
said shaft. The shaft 69 is mounted in a vertical position and has the worm-
gear 70 upon its upper end, which worm-gear meshes with the worm 61, and the

page_text: spur-gear 71 is fixed upon said shaft 69 a short distance below said worm-gear.
The shaft 72 is mounted in a vertical position, and the spur-gear 73 is fixed upon
said shaft and meshes with the spur-gear 71, and the spur-gear 74 is fixed upon
said shaft a short distance below said spur-gear 73. A shaft 75 is mounted in a
vertical position and the spring-case 56 is loosely mounted upon said shaft. The
inner end of the clock-spring 55 is attached to the shaft 75, and the outer end
of said spring is attached to the case 56. The gear-teeth 76 are formed around the
periphery of the case 56 and mesh with the spur-gear 74. The operation of the
motor 54 operates the train of gearing or clock work to rotate the spring-case 56
and wind the spring 55, and the tension of said spring is exerted to rotate the
shaft 75.
Referring to Figs. 3, 4 and 8, the spur-gear 77 is fixed upon the shaft 75 im-
mediately above the arms 64, and meshes with the pin-wheel 78 upon the shaft
79, said pin-wheel being formed integral with the spur-gear 80, which spur-gear
meshes with the pin-wheel 81 upon the shaft 82. The pin-wheel 81 is formed
integral with the spur-gear 83 which meshes with the pin-wheel 84 upon the
shaft 85, and the pin-wheel 84 is formed integral with the spur-gear 86, which
spur-gear meshes with the pin wheel 87 upon the shaft 88, said shaft also carry-
ing the balance-wheel 89.
Referring to Figs. 4 and 26, the plate 90 rests upon the arms 64 and is securely
attached in position. Four posts 91 extend upwardly from the four corners of
said plate 90, and the plate 92 is attached to the upper ends of said posts 91 by
means of the screws 93. The plate 94 is mounted in position with one of its ends
resting upon the upper ends of the motor coils 62 and the post 95 is inserted
between the plates 92 and 94 to sustain the other end of said plate 94. The shaft 75
extends upwardly through the plates 90 and 92, and the upper end of said suaft
is journaled in the plate 94. The motor rests upon the plate 96, and the lower end
of the shaft 75 is journaled in said plate 96. The shafts 69 and 72 are journaled
in the plates 90 and 96.
The train of gearing shown in Fig. 8 is positioned between the plates 90 and
92. The shaft 79 is journaled in the plates 90 and 92, and the lower end of the
shaft 82 is journaled in the plate 90 and extends upwardly through the plates 92
and 94. The shaft 85 is journaled in the plates 90 and 92, and the shaft 88 is
journaled in the plate 90, extends upwardly through the plate 92, and is journaled
in the plate 94.
An ear 97 projects downwardly from one end of the cross-bar 66, and a similar
ear 98 projects upwardly from the opposite end of said cross-bar. The stub-
shafts 99 and 100 are inserted through said ears and secured in position with their
rear ends extending into positions in transverse alinement with the wheel 101,
which wheel is fixed upon the shaft 60. The brushes 102 and 103 are attached to
said shafts 99 and 100, respectively, and engage said wheel 101. The brushes are
clearly shown in Fig. 3, as well as in Figs. 2, 4 and 26.
The spur-gear 104 is fixed upon the shaft 75 above the plate 92. A stub-shaft 105
is fixed in the rear left-hand corner of the plate 92 and projects upwardly,
and the spur-gear 106 is rotatably mounted upon the upper end of said shaft 105
and in mesh with the gear 104. A lug 107 projects upwardly from the upper face
of the gear 106, and a post 108 projects upwardly from the plate 92 and carries a
brush 109, the free end of which is in position to engage the lug 107 as the gear
106 is rotated.
The pawl-wheel 57 is rigidly mounted upon the upper end of the shaft 82 in
a horizontal position, and the pawl-case 58 is mounted upon the plate 94 in hori--
zontal alinement with the pawl-wheel 57 and in position concentric with said
shaft 82. The pawl-wheel.57 consists of the frame 110, shown in Fig. 21, said
frame, being circular in plan and having the centrally located screw-threaded aper-
ture 111. The upper end of the shaft 82 is screw-threaded and inserted in said
aperture 111 to form a rigid connection between said shaft and the pawl wheel.
In the upper face of the frame 110 is an annular groove 112 formed concentric

page_text: A
with the aperture 111, said groove being semi-circular in cross-section. A series
of recesses 113 extend radially from the annular groove 112 to the edge of the
frame 110 and in the upper face of said frame, thus forming the teeth 114.
cap 115, shown in Figs. 22 and 23, is a circular disk having the centrally located
Screw-threaded aperture 116 to receive the upper end of the shaft 82, and an
annular groove 117 is formed in the lower face of said cap, said groove being
slightly less than a semicircle in cross-section, and being in position to register
with the groove 112 when said cap is inserted in position against the upper face of
the frame 110.
The pawls 118, one of which is shown in Fig. 18, are placed with their heads in
the annular groove 112 and with their body portions in the recesses 113 betwen the
teeth 114, and with their points projecting outwardly from the frame 110, as in-
dicated in Fig. 20. Each of the pawls 118 has a circular disk-shaped head 119,
with the edge of which the body 120 is formed integral, said body being rectangular
in cross-section. The point 121 is formed integral with the opposite end of the
body 120 from the head 119 and is triangular in cross-section, the rear side 122
of said point being vertical and the edge 123 formed by the junction of the two
other sides of said point being in horizontal alinement with the center of the
vertical side. After the frame 110 has been filled with pawls, as described, the
cap 115 is placed in position and firmly screwed down against the upper face of said
frame 110, the grooves 112 and 117 forming bearings for the heads of the pawls
and holding said pawls in position, and at the same time allowing the free ends
of said pawls to vibrate freely upwardly. In placing the pawls in position, the
edges 123 all point forwardly, or in the direction in which the pawl-wheel rotates
when in operation.
The pawl-case 58 is constructed as shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, and said case con-
sists of the circular ring 124 having the flange 125 projecting inwardly from its
lower edge, and apertures 126 are formed through said flange, and screws are
inserted through said apertures and screw-seated in the plate 94 to hold said pawl-
case in position. Projecting inwardly from near the upper edge of the ring 124
are the lugs 127 and 128, extending in parallel positions partially around the ring.
A slot 129 is cut from the upper edge of the ring 124 nearly to the flange 125
and at a point near the ends of the lugs 127 and 128, said slot being cut in the form
of a segment. A bearing 130 is formed through the ring 124 directly in front of
the lug 128, and a shaft 131 is mounted in said bearing, and the dog 132 is mounted
upon the inner end of said shaft 131.
A
The dog 132 consists of the parts 133 and 134, said parts being substantially
of the same shape, the part 133 being somewhat larger than the part 134.
recess 135 is formed in the inner face of the ring 124, and extending from the slot
129 backwardly to a point between the bearing 130 and a slight distance behind the
front end of the lug 128, said recess being substantially of the same depth as the
portion of the dog 132, and said dog is inserted in position with the head of
the portion 133 behind the forward end of the lug 128, as shown in Fig. 10, and
with the head of the portion 134 in frictional contact with the forward edge of
said lug 128. The dog 132 is wedge-shaped, as shown, and the edge of said dog
is free to vibrate in the recess 135, and said edge extends approximately to 'the
slot 129.
Upon the outer end of the shaft 131 is a block 136 forming crank-arm, and the
A recess 138
crank-pin 137 is fixed in said crank-arm for operating the same.
is formed in the inner face of the ring 124 and upon the opposite side of the slot 129-
from the recess 135, and the dog 139, shown in Figures 10. 12 and 13, is mounted
in said recess. The inner face of the dog 139 is curved to correspond with the
curvature of the pawl-case, and a recess 140 is formed in said inner face, said recess
beia considerably wider at the head of the dog than at its point, and an aper-
ture 141 is formed through the head of said dog. A pin 142 is inserted through
said aperture 141 and through the aperture 143 in the pawl-case, thus forming a
pivotal connection for said dog. The free end of the dog 139 extends across the

page_text: slot 129, and a pin 144 is fixed in said free end of said dog and projects outwardly
through said slot 129.
When the pawl-wheel 57 constructed as described is mounted in position within
the pawl-case 58 and upon the shaft 82, the points 121 of the pawls describe a circle
concentric with the axis of the wheel and in a horizontal plane corresponding to
the plane occupied by the pawl-case 58, and in such position relative thereto that
when the shaft 82 is rotated by the operation of the spring 55 within the spring-
case 56 acting upon the shaft 75 and, through the train of gearing, before described,
upon the shaft 82, the points 121 of the pawls will enter the large end of the
recess 140 in the dog 139, and said pawls will pass above or below the lug 128 accord-
ing to the manipulation of said dogs 132 and 139. The arm 145 is attached to the
free end 146 of the armature of the telegraph sounder, and at the free end 147 of
said arm is bifurcated and is bent horizontally into a position at approximate right
angles to the fixed end of said arm, and said bifurcated end describes an arc of a
circle somewhat larger than the pawl-case. Said arm 145 projects through the
opening 148 in the box 10, and the crank pin 137 and the pin 144 operate in the
slot in said bifurcated end 147. The pin 144 is positioned in said slot near its
closed end, and the crank-pin 137.is positioned in said slot near its open end, and
said crank-pin 137 is upon the opposite side of the shaft 131 from the edge of the
dog 132 and the vibration of the telegraph sounder vibrating the arm 135 will
operate the free ends or points of the dogs 132 and 139 in opposite directions; in
other words, when the point of the dog 139 is raised, the point of the dog 132 will
be lowered and vice versa. In this way the track of the points 121 of the pawls is
determined. When the point of the dog 139 is lowered, the points 121 of the
pawls will be thrown downwardly and will pass below the dog 132 and below the
lug 128, and when the point of said dog 139 is raised, the points 121 of the pawls
will pass above the dog 132 and above the lug 128. Thus the points of the pawls
are thrown either above or below the lug 128 by the operation of the telegraph
sounder.
A governor 148 is mounted upon the shaft 88 above the plate 92, and said
governor regulates the speed of the clock work shown in Fig. 8. The levers 149
and 150 are pivotally connected at their forward ends to the frame of the motor by
means of the screw 151, which screw is inserted through said levers and screw-.
seated in said frame, and said levers extend rearwardly and upwardly to points
immediately above the balance-wheel 89. Pins 152 and 153 project downwardly
from the free ends of said levers and when said free ends are allowed to drop
downwardly, said pins engage the spokes of said balance-wheel 89 and stop the
clock work.
Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the posts 154 and 155 extend upwardly in trans-
verse alinement with each other from the rear end of the plate 94, and screws 156
and 157 are screw-seated in said posts in horizontal alinement with each
other, the inner ends of said screws having recesses in which the pointed ends
of the shaft 158 are mounted. A second shaft 159 is mounted directly below
the shaft 158 in identically the same manner. A collar 160 is fixed upon the
shaft 159, and a lever 161 extends from said collar in a substantially horizontal
plane above the pawl-wheel to the opposite side of the pawl-case from said shaft.
The pawl-shoe 162, shown in Fig. 16, has a perforated ear 163 projecting from
near its upper side and said car is attached to the free end of said lever 161 and
in nosition to have the lower edge of said shoe 162 rest upon the pawls directly
inside of the lugs 127 and 128. The lower edge of the shoe 162 is rounded at its
forward end, as required to allow the pawls to pass readily under said shoe when the
pawl-wheel is rotated. An arm 164 is formed integral with the free end of the
lever 161 and extends forwardly from said pawl-shoe 162 above the pawl-case to
a point outside of said pawl-case, and the set-screw 165 is inserted through said arm
in a vertical position, with its point in position to engage the upper face of the
bifurcated end 147 and the arm 145. An arm 166 extends outwardly from the

page_text: 5
t-screw 165, and a connecting-rod 167 connects the outer end or said
e lever 150. A collar 168 is fixed upon the shaft 158, and a lever 169 is attached
said collar and extends in a horizontal plane above the pawl-wheel and to a
oint on the opposite side of the pawl-case from said shaft 158.
The post 170 extends upwardly from the plate 94, and the lever 171 is mounted
a horizontal position transversely of the machine and pivotally connected to the
A connecting-rod 172 connects one end of said
pper end of said post 170.
ever 171 with the lever 149.
A pin 173 projects forwardly from the free end of
he lever 169 through a slot formed horizontally through the center of the
ever 171.
In the outer face of the pawl-case 58 is a recess in which is fixed a block of
nsulation 174, and the ear 175 is attached to said block of insulation. The set-
crew 176 is inserted upwardly through said ear 175, and a pin 178 is inserted
hrough the free end of the lever 169 and projects downwardly from said lever,
orming a contact-point to engage the point of the screw 176.
The pawl-form 179, shown in plan in Fig. 17 and in elevation in Fig. 28, has a
perforated ear 180 projecting inwardly from near its upper edge, and said form is
laced in position directly inside of the pawl-case and inside of the lugs 127 and
128, and one end of said pawl-form is between the shoe 162 and the inner faces of
said lugs 127 and 128, and the ear 180 is attached to the lever 169. A block of
insulation 181 is attached to the upper face of the pawl-case 58 and at right angles
to the levers 161 and 169. A bar 182 is attached to said block of insulation and
extends inwardly to a point directly above the lever 169, and a contact-point 183
projects downwardly from the free end of said bar, and a similar contact-point.184
projects upwardly from the lever 169 in position to engage said contact-point 183.
A bar 185 is attached to the block of insulation 181 and extends to a point
directly above the lever 161, and a contact-point 186 projects downwardly from the
free end of said bar, and a similar contact-point 187 projects upwardly from said
lever 161 in position to engage said contact-point 186. The bars 182 and 183
and the block of insulation 181 are held in position by means of the screws 188
inserted through said bars and through said insulation and screw-seated in the
apertures 189 formed in the pawl-case 58.
The bracket 190, shown in perspective in Fig. 27, is a flat bar bent in its center
to bring its ends substantially in position at right angles to each other, and said
bracket is mounted in a horizontal position and held in position by means of the
screws 191 inserted through the ends of said bracket and screw-seated in the
apertures 192 formed in the pawl-case. In the center of the bracket 190 is a
bearing 193, in which the upper end of the shaft 82 operates, said bracket being
placed in position after the pawl-wheel has been placed in position.
The pawl-form 179. is curved in plan, as shown in Fig. 17, to correspond to the
curvature of the pawl-case 58. In the lower edge of the form are notches 194,
forming the teeth 195 and 196. The notches 194 are of such a size, they will
readily receive the arms 120 of the pawls 118 one at a time. The teeth 195 are
of such a size that they will readily pass downwardly between the first and third
ones of a set of three pawls, the second one of said pawls being out of the way of
downwardly
said tooth. The teeth 196 are of such a size that they will readily pass
between the first and fourth ones of a set of four pawls, the two center pawls being
out of the way of said tooth. The pawl-wheel 57 turns from left to right, as
indicated by the arrow- 197 in Fig. 3, and as the pawls approach the dog 139
they are travelling on a plane below the lug 128, but when the telegraph sounder
is in circuit and ready to be operated, the armature 146 of the sounder will be in
its elevated position, thus holding the free end of the dog 139 elevated, and if
said dog was not operated at all, the pawls would be carried upwardly by said
dog to the plane above the lug 128.
Each pawl represents a dot or a space, two pawls represent a dash, and four
pawls a double dash, etc., as dots and dashes are used in the Morse alphabet. A
dot or a dash made by the operator upon his key and repeated by the telegraph

page_text: sounder throws the pawl corresponding to the dot or dash below the lug 128. A
dot will throw one pawl down, a space will throw the next pawl above the lug 128,
a dash will throw two pawls below said lug, and a double dash will throw four
pawls below said lug, and in this way the Morse alphabet, or any modification
thereof, is indicated on the pawl-wheel as written by the operator upon his key
and repeated by the telegraph sounder.
65
In Fig. 28 I have shown the form 179 with the recesses 194 in its lower edge,
and space as required for the call "A." In the Morse alphabet, A " is repre-
sented by a dot and a dash, and upon the form 179 I show four "A's" in succession,
the first tooth 195 corresponding to the dot, the first tooth 196 corresponding to the
dash and making the first "A," the second tooth 195 corresponding to the dot,
the second tooth 196 corresponding to the dash and making the second."A;" and
so on until the four "A's" are made. When the operator starts to write the call
"A" upon his key, the pawl 197 will be thrown below the lug 128, when the
operator makes a dot. The space which follows the dot will throw the pawl 198
above the lug 128, and the dash which follows that space will throw the two pawls 199
below the lug 128, and this operation is repeated until four "A's" have been
written, and the pawls corresponding to those A's" have passed under the form ;
then the form will drop, the teeth 195 and 196 passing downwardly between the
pawls which are above the lug 128 and will stop the machine. Thus it will be
seen that the call of an instrument is indicated by the teeth upon the lower edge
of the form, and these teeth may be made to represent any desired character or
call, and each instrument of a given telegraph line should have a different call so
that one instrument will not respond when another instrument is called.
>
Referring to Figs. 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, and 37 of sheet 4 and Fig. 34 of sheet 5,
the casing 200 is mounted upon the upper end of the post 6 and the mechanism for
operating the semaphore 7 is contained with said casing 200. The shaft 201 is
mounted in a horizontal position in the casing 200 and in a line approximately
parallel with the railroad track. A bracket 202 is attached to one side of the
casing 200 and supports the bull's-eye lantern 203. A collar 204 is loosely mounted
upon the shaft 201 and projects through one side of the casing 200, and upon the
end of said collar 204 outside of the casing 200 is fixed a lever 205, and the blade 206.
is attached to one end of said lever by means of screws or bolts. The blade 206
is painted red, and is designed to be operated as a danger signal. Upon the outer
end of the shaft 201 and adjacent to the lever 205, a lever 207, similar in every
respect to the lever 205, is fixed to the shaft and the blade 208 is attached to one
end of said lever 207 by means of bolts or screws. The blades 206 and 208 are
upon corresponding ends of the levers 205 and 207, and the blade 208 is painted
white and is designed to be used and operated as a safety signal. The blades are
.so operated that when the danger signal is up, the safety signal is down, and
Upon the opposite end of the lever 205 from the blade 206 is a frame 209
connecting the rings 210 and 211, which rings are mounted in vertical aline-
ment with each other, and the ring 210 carries the disk 212 of white glass, and the
ring 211 carries the disk 213 of red glass. The disks 212 and 213 are in' such
a position relative to the lantern 203 that when the danger signal is dis-
played in a horizontal position, the red disk 213 will be in front of the lantern,
causing said lantern to display a red light, and when the safety signal 208 is in a
horizontal position, the white disk 212 will be in front of the lantern, causing said
lantern to display a white light. The frame 214 is mounted upon the opposite side
of the lantern 203 from the frame 209, and a horizontal bar 215 connects said
frame 214 with the frame 209. The frame 214 is identical in every respect with
said frame 209 and carries a white disk corresponding to the white disk 212 and a
red disk corresponding to the red disk 213. By this construction the signal lights
are displayed in both directions from the lantern..
vice versa.
:
A collar 216 is fixed upon the shaft 201 and against the inner end of the
collar 204. The arms 217 and 218 project from opposite sides of the collar 216 in
alinement, with each other and in positions parallel with the lever 207. The

page_text: arms 219 and 220 project from opposite sides of the collar 204 in alinement with each
other, and in position parallel with the lever 205. The shaft 221 is mounted
in the casing 200 directly below the shaft 201 and in a position parallel with said
shaft 201. A sprocket-wheel 222 is mounted upon the shaft 221 and rigidly fixed
5 thereto, and a sprocket-chain 223 has one of its ends attached to the free end of the
arm 219 and passes under the sprocket-wheel 222 and in engagement therewith,
and the opposite end of said chain is attached to the free end of the arm 220. A
worm sprocket wheel 224, shown in detail in Fig. 34, is mounted upon the shaft 221
in alinement with the ends of the arms 217 and 218. The teeth 225 are arranged
0 spirally around the sprocket-wheel 224. The chain 226 has one of its ends attached
to the free end of the arm 217, and said chain passes over the sprocket-wheel 224,
then around said sprocket-wheel and in engagement therewith, and its opposite
end is attached to the free end of the arm 218. By this construction the levers 205
and 207 are operated in opposite directions.
The segmental spur-gear 227 is placed on the shaft 221 and insulated from said
shaft by means of the rubber collar 228, said segment being fixed to rotate with
the shaft. The shaft 229 is mounted in the casing directly below the shaft 221
and in position parallel therewith, and the spur-gear 230 is fixed upon said
shaft 229 and meshes with the segmental gear 227. The arm 231 is fixed to the
shaft 229, and the electro-magnet 232 is mounted in the bottom of the casing 200
in position to have the free end of the arm 231 engage the free end of the
armature 233, when said armature is in its elevated position. The electro-
magnet 232 and the armature 233 are of the usual construction and operation.
An arm 234 is attached to the arm 231 near its free end and extends downwardly
and outwardly to a position above the armature 233, as shown in Fig. 30, and a
leaf-spring 235 is attached to the lower end of said arm 234 and extends towards
the point of the arm 231, said leaf-spring being slightly curved and the free en
of said spring being normally farther from the shaft 229 than the attached end.
A recess 236 is formed in the side of the arm 231 near its point, and a lug 237 is
attached to the upper side of the free end of the spring 235, and a projection 238
extends from the upper part of said lug 237 into the recess 236 and forms a stop
to limit the motion of the free end of said spring.
A cord 239 is attached to the end of the lever 207 opposite the end of said lever
to which the blade 208 is attached, and said cord depends downwardly to a point
within reach of the operator. When it is desired to display the safety signal,
the operator manually engages the cord 239 and pulls downwardly, thus raising
the blade 208 tad lowering the blade 206. This operation also raises the red
disk 213 out of alinement with the lantern and places the white disk 212 in
alinement with the lantern. Through its connection with the blades 206 and 208
and with the cord 239, the shaft 229 is rotated in the direction indicated by the
arrows 240, and when the lever 207 is in a horizontal position displaying the
safety signals, the point of the arm 231 engages the end of the armature 233 and
holds the mechanism in that position until the armature 233 is attracted and drawn
downwardly by the electro-magnet 232, thus releasing said arm 231. The frames 209
and 214 overbalance the blade 206, and when the arm 231 is released by the
action of the electro-magnet, said frames will descend by the force of gravity,
thus elevating the blade 206 to a horizontal position and lowering the blade 208,
and during this operation the shaft 229 is rotated in the direction indicated by
the arrows 241. When the arm 231 is being carried around with the shaft 229
in the direction indicated by the arrows 241, the spring 235 acts as a buffer to
depress the free end of the armature 233 and prevent its striking the point of the
arm 231.
The flanges 242 and 243 project from one face of the segmental gear 227, and
said flanges follow the curvature of the toothed face of said segment. The flanges
242 and 243 are in positions parallel with each other, thus forming the recess 244
between said flanges A leaf-spring 245 is attached to one end of the flange 242,
and the free end of said spring is bent into alinement with the corresponding end

page_text: of the flange 243. Notches 246 and 247 are formed transversely through the
flange 243, thus producing the teeth 248. The arrangement of said teeth corre-
spond to the notches 194 upon the pawl-form 179, and said notches 246 and 247
correspond in arrangement with the teeth 195 and 196 upon said pawl-form.. The
brush 249 is attached to the inner face of the casing 200 and insulated from said
casing by means of the block of rubber 250, and said brush engages the hub of
the segmental gear 227. A brush 251 is attached to the opposite inner face of
the casing 200 and insulated, therefrom by means of the block of rubber 252, and
the free end 253 of said brush is bent inwardly and engages the flanges 242
and 243 of said segmental gear.
When the semaphore is set to display the safety signals, the segmental gear 227
is in position shown in Fig. 35, and the end 253 of the brush 251 is in engagement
with one of the teeth 248. When, by the operation of the electro-magnet 282,
the signals are released to display the danger signals, the segmental gear 227
is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 254.
The telegraph circuit passes through the brush 251 and as the end 253 slips over
the teeth 248, the telegraph circuit is alternately opened, and closed, thus in
effect telegraphing back to the operator that the semaphore, which he has been
calling, has operated to display the danger signals. When the end 255 passes
to a point outside of the free end of the spring 245 and while the segment is being
rotated backwardly to its normal position, said point 253 will slide upon the outer
face of said spring 45 and upon the outer face of the flange 242 until it reaches the
opposite end of said flange from the spring 245, and then the tension of the brush 251
will carry said end 253 inwardly into engagement with the teeth 248; thus
the telegraph circuit will not be disturbed in displaying the safety signals, but when
the danger signals are displayed, the fact will be recorded upon all the instruments
in the telegraph circuit, thus giving notice not only to the operator who caused
the danger signals to be displayed, but to all the operators on the telegraph line.
Referring to Fig. 38, the wire 8 of the telegraph line is shown as connected to
the binding-post 255 of the telegraph sounder 3, and the circuit of said telegraph
line passes through the brushes 249 and 251 mounted-inside of the semaphore
case 200. The wire 256 connects the local battery 5 with the binding-post 257,
and the wire 258 connects said battery with the binding-post 259. Starting from
the binding-post 257, the wire 260 leads to the magnet-coils 62 of the motor 54,
and the wire 261 leads from said coils to the brush 102, which brush engages the
wheel 101 carried by the shaft of the motor armature. The wire 262 leads from
the brash 103, which is in opposition to the brush 102, to the gear-wheel 106. The
wheel 106 is insulated from the machine in any suitable way, as indicated by the
rubber collar 263 inserted inside of the hub of said wheel 106 and outside of the
shaft 105. A wire 264 leads from the post 108 to the bar 161, said post and said
bar being insulated from the machine. As the wheel 106 is rotated, the lug 107
will periodically contact with the free end of the brush 109 and when this contact
is made, the circuit between the wires 262 and 264 is closed and when the contact
is broken, of course, the circuit is broken. The circuit passes through the wire 264
to the bar 161, then through said bar to the contact-point 187, then to the contact-
point 186 upon the bar 185, then through said bar 185 and through the wire 265
to the bar 169, then through the bar 169 to the contact-point 184, then to the
contact-point 183 and through the bar 127, then through the wire 266 to the
binding-post 259, then through the wire 258 to the battery 5. The circuit just
de cribed is what I term the motor circuit.
Starting again at the binding-post 257, the wire 267 leads to the screw 176.
and from the point of said screw the current passes to the contact-point 178
upon the bar 169; and from said contact-point 178 the wire 268 leads to
the hinge 269, which hinge connects the cap 12 with the box 10. From
the hinge 269 the current passes over the wire 270 to the electro-magnet 16,
and from said electro-magnet the wire 271 leads to the contact-point 33 carried
by the armature 22, and from said, contact-point 33 the current passes to the

page_text: contact-pin 32 upon the end of the screw 31, and from said screw 31 the wire 272
leads to the hinge 273 which corresponds to the hinge 269 and connects the
cap to the box. From said hinge 273, the wire 274 leads to the binding post 275,
and from said binding-post 275 the wire 276 leads to the electro-magnet 232
which operates the semaphore mechanism. From the electro-magnet 232 the
wire 277 leads to the binding-post 278, and the wire 279 leads from said binding-
post 278 to the binding-post 259. This circuit I term the bell and semaphore
circuit.
In the operation of my device, after it has been wired up and connected to the
circuits, as described, and the current is turned on, the motor will operate to wind
up the spring 55 in the case 56 and the tension of said spring, exerted upon the
shaft 75 and through the train of gearing, connected to said shaft, will start the
pawl-wheel 57. The telegraph sounder not being in operation and its armature
being held in its elevated position, all the pawls will pass into the slot 140 in the
dog 139, and the point of said dog being held in its elevated position, said pawls
will pass above the lug 128 and passing onwardly around the inner face of the
pawl-case 58 to the opposite end of said lug 128, said pawls will assume their
normal position after passing from the end of said lug. The form 179 is in its
elevated position, and the pawls pass under said form, the lower edges of the teeth
195 and 196, resting upon the upper faces of the bodies 120 of said pawls. During
this operation, the contact-points 186 and 187 upon the bars 185 and 161, respec-
tively, are in engagement with each other, and the contact-points 183 and 184
upon the bars 182 and 169, respectively, are in engagement with each other thus
closing the motor circuit. As the motor operates, the wheel 106 is rotated, bring-
ing the lug 107 periodically in engagement with the brush 109, thus periodically
opening and closing the motor circuit. While the motor circuit is closed by the
brush 109 engaging the lug 107, the motor will operate to wind the spring and
will thus store up sufficient power in said spring to operate the mechanism until
the contact between said lug 107 and the brush 109 is again made.
"
Should the operator, or train dispatcher, desire to call the operator in charge
of the instrument having the call A,"said operator or train dispatcher will write
upon his key the letter "A" successively until the pawls, operated by the telegraph
sounder as before described, pass under the form 179, as shown in Fig. 28, and said
form will then descend, the teeth 195 and 196 passing between the pawls and
thus stopping the pawl-wheel. When the form descends, the contact between
the points 183 and 184 is broken, and the contact is made between the point 178
and the screw 176, thus opening the motor circuit and closing the bell and sema-
phore circuit. When the form 179 descends, the free end of the lever 149 descends
and the pin 152 engages the spokes of the balance-wheel 89 and thus stops said
balance-wheel, and relieves the pawl-wheel and the form of the strain exerted
by the spring.
The bell will commence ringing now and the armature 233 will be operated by
the magnet 232 to release the semaphore mechanism and throw the danger signal.
The bell will continue to ring until the shaft 44 has made a revolution and caused
the cam 47 to engage the pin 51 to elevate the free end of the spring 49. When
the cam 47 passes out of engagement with the pin 51, the hammer 53 will descend
and strike the end of the lever 171 opposite the end to which the lever 149 is
attached, and the force of the blow exerted by said hammer will elevate the free
cnd of the lever 149, removing the pin 151 from engegement with the balance-
wheel and will elevate the form 179 and the pawl-wheel will again rotate. The
operation of the hammer 53, as described, also breaks the contact between the
point 178 and the screw 176, thus breaking the bell circuit and stopping the
ringing of the bell, and said operation will also close the motor circuit by bringing
the points 183 and 184 together. If, for any reason, the telegraph lines become
grounded, or the electro-magnet of the sounder 3 becomes permanently energized
by any means, the armature 146 will be permanently depressed, thus operating to
throw the pawls below the lug 128. Should this occur, the shoe, 162, riding upon

page_text: the pawls, will be depressed, thus breaking the contact between the points 186 and
187 and opening the motor circuit and at the same time depressing the free end of
the lever 150 and causing the pin 153 to engage the balance wheel 89, thus stopping
the mechanism. When the telegraph circuit is again restored and the armature
146 of the telegraph sounder assumes its normal position, the shoe 162 will be
elevated by the bifurcated end 147 of the arm 145 pressing upwardly on the point
of the set-screw 165, the pin 153 will be elevated and the pawl-wheel will
again start.
It will be noticed that the bell and semaphore circuits are operated by the same
battery as the motor circuit, but that the two circuits do not operate at the
same time.
When a telegraph line has each of its sounders, or receiving instruments, pro-
vided with one of my devices, the pawl-form on each call-bell must be constructed
to indicate the call of the instrument to which it is attached. The call-bells will
respond only to the signal indicated on the pawl-form, and this signal should be of
such a character that it will not occur in the sending of ordinary messages. For
these reasons, I prefer to repeat the call of the instrument at least four times upon
the pawl-form of the call-bell by the use of the notches 194 and the teeth 195 and
196. Suppose that the call of the instrument with which the operator or train
dispatcher desires to communicate is the letter "A," then the letter "A" should
he indicated four times upon the pawl-form. In ordinary writing, four " A's"
will never occur in succession, and, consequently, the call-bell will never be rung
except when desired.
Other signals, besides a bell or semaphore, may be operated by the use of my
mechanism without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a telegraphically operated signal, a pawl consisting of an imperforate disk,
a rectangular arm formed integral with said disk, and a triangular point upon the
end of said arm opposite said disk, substantially as specified.
2. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel consisting of a suitable frame
mounted in a horizontal position, pawls arranged, radially upon said frame, the
points of said pawls projecting beyond the periphery of the frame and said pawls
being free to vibrate upwardly, substantially as specified.
3. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel consisting of a suitable frame
having bearings arranged concentric to its center, pawls arranged radially upon
said frame with their heads operating in said bearings and their points projecting
beyond the periphery of said frame, said pawls being free to vibrate upwardly,
substantially as specified.
4. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel consisting of a frame having
an annular recess in its upper face, a cap engaging the upper face of said frame
and having an annular recess in its lower face registering with the annular recess
in said frame, pawls mounted with their heads in the bearings formed by said
recesses and arranged radially upon said frame, the points of said pawls projecting
beyond the periphery of said frame, and said pawls being free to vibrate upwardly,
substantially as specified.
5. In a device of the class described, a frame rotatably mounted in a horizontal
position, pawls pivotally attached to and arranged radially upon said frame, a
awl-case rigidly held in a concentric position relative to said frame, the inner face
of said pawl-case being adjacent the outer ends of said pawls, a lug projecting in-
wardly from said pawl-case, and means of controlling the points of said pawls to
throw them above and below said lug, as desired, substantially as specified..
6. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel rotatably mounted in a
horizontal position, a pawl-case mounted concentrically to saíd pawl-wheel; a dog

page_text: mounted upon the inner face of said pawl-case, said dog having a longi-,
tudinal recess upon its inner face, a vibrating arm by which said dog is operated,
and means of rotating said pawl-wheel, substantially as specified.
a
7. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel rotatably mounted in
horizontal position, a pawl-case mounted concentrically to said pawl-wheel, a lug
upon the inner face of said pawl-case, a pointed dog pivotally mounted in front.
of said lug with its free end extending from said lug in a horizontal position, a
vibrating arm by which said dog is operated and means of rotating said pawl-wheel,
substantially as specified.
a
8. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel rotatably mounted in a
horizontal position, a pawl-case mounted concentrically to said pawl-wheel, a lug
upon the inner face of said pawl-case, a pointed dog pivotally mounted in front of
said lug with its free end extending from said lug in a horizontal position,
longitudinally recessed dog pivotally mounted upon the inner face of said pawl-case.
with its free end pointing towards and adjacent to said pointed dog, a vibrating
arm by which said dogs are operated, and means of rotating said pawl-wheel,
substantially as specified.
9. In a device of the class. described, a pawl-wheel rotatably mounted, means of.
controlling the pawls, electrical connections for operating the pawl controlling
mechanism, and a form riding upon the upper face of the pawls, said form being
designed to drop into the pawls and stop the paw!-wheel when the said pawls are
operated in a certain way, substantially as specified.
10. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel, a spring and clock work
for operating said pawl-wheel, an electric motor for winding said spring, a form
so positioned that the pawls pass under it, and teeth upon the face of said form
corresponding to telegraph signals or letters as they are indicated by the sender
upon the pawl-wheel and designed to stop said pawl-wheel when the proper signal
occurs, substantially as specified.
11. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel, (a spring and clock work for
operating said pawl-wheel, an electric motor for winding said spring, means of
controlling the pawls, electrical connections for operating the pawl controlling
mechanism, and a form riding upon the upper face of the pawls, said form being
designed to drop into the pawls and stop the pawl-wheel when said pawls are
operated in a certain way, substantially as specified.
12. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel rotatably mounted, means of
controlling the pawls, electrical connections for operating the pawl controlling
mechanism, a form riding on the upper face of the pawls, said form being
designed to drop into the pawls and stop the pawl wheel when the said pawls are
operated in a certain way, and a signal electrically connected to said form and so
arranged that the circuit is closed and the signal operated when the form
stops the pawl-wheel, substantially as specified.
13. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel, a spring and clock work
for operating said pawl-wheel, an electric motor for winding said spring, a form
sc positioned that the pawls pass under it, teeth upon the face of said form
corresponding to telegraph signals or letters as they are indicated by the sender
upon the pawl-wheel and designed to stop said pawl-wheel when the proper
signal occurs, and a signal electrically connected to said form and so arranged
that the circuit is closed and the signal operated when the form stops the pawl-
wheel, substantially as specified.
14. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel, a spring and clock work
for operating said pawl-wheel, an electric motor for winding said spring, means
of controlling the pawls, electrical connections for operating the pawl controlling
mechanism, a form riding on the upper face of the pawls, said form being designed
to drop into the pawls and stop the pawl-wheel when the said pawls are operated
in a certain way, and a signal electrically connected to said form and so aranged
that the circuit is closed and the signal operated when the form stops the pawl
wheel, substantially as specified,

page_text: 15. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel, a spring and clock work
operating said pawl-wheel, a motor winding said spring, an electric current
operating said motor, means of controlling said electric current, a form controlling
said pawl-wheel, a signal electrically connected to said form and operated thereby,
means of electrically operating the pawls of said pawl-wheel, means of stopping.
the pawl-wheel when the operating circuit is closed, and electrical connections by
which the motor circuit is opened when the signal circuit is closed and the motor
and signal circuits are both opened when the operating circuit is closed, substantially
as specified.
16. In a device of the class described, a form mounted for vibration, pawls
operated to pass under said form, teeth upon the lower face of said form, said
teeth and the spaces between said teeth corresponding to telegraph signals and the
spaces between said teeth being designed to receive the ends of said pawls when
said pawls are manipulated in a certain way by the operation of the telegraph
instrument, substantially as specified.
17. In a device of the class described, a form mounted for vibration, pawls
passing under said form, teeth upon the lower face of said form, said teeth and the
spaces between said teeth corresponding to certain telegraph signals and the spaces
between said teeth being designed to receive the ends of said pawls when said pawls
are manipulated in a certain way by the operation of the telegraph instrument, and
a signal electrically connected to said form and operated by the vibration of said
form, substantially as specified.
18. In a device of the class described, a shaft rotatably mounted in a horizontal
position, a collar fixed upon said shaft, arms projecting from said collar in opposite
directions, a collar loosely mounted upon said shaft, arms projecting from said
loose collar in opposite directions, a lever mounted upon the outer end of said loose
collar, signals upon the ends of said lever, a lever upon the outer end of said shaft,
a signal attached to one end of said lever, and connections between said shaft and
said loose collar, whereby said levers are operated in opposite directions,
substantially as specified.
19. In a device of the class described, a suitable casing, a shaft rotatably mounted
in a horizontal position in said casing, a collar fixed to said shaft, arms projecting
in opposite directions from said collar, a collar loosely mounted upon said shaft, arms
projecting in opposite directions from said loose collar, a second shaft mounted in
a position parallel with said first mentioned shaft, a sprocket-wheel upon said second
shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the arms upon said loose collar and
engaging said sprocket-wheel, a worm sprocket wheel upon the second mentioned
shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the first mentioned arms and passing
around said sprocket-wheel in such a way that said shaft and said loose collar will
be operated in opposite directions by the operation of the second shaft, substantially
as specified.
20. In a device of the class described, a suitable casing, a shaft rotatably mounted in
a horizontal position in said casing, a collar fixed to said shaft, arms projecting in
opposite directions from said collar, a collar loosely mounted upon said shaft, arms
projecting in opposite directions from said loose collar, a second shaft mounted
in a position parallel with said first mentioned shaft, a sprocket-wheel upon said
second shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the arms upon said loose collar
and engaging said sprocket-wheel, a worm sprocket-wheel upon the second men-
tioned shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the first mentioned arms and
passing around said sprocket-wheel in such a way that said shaft and said loose
collar will be operated in opposite directions by the operation of the second shaft,
a segmental gear upon said second shaft, a third shaft mounted in a position
parallel with said second shaft, a pinion upon said third shaft meshing with said
segmental gear, an arm upon said third shaft, and an electro-magnet in position
to have the free end of its armature engaged by said arm substantially as
specified.
21. In a device of the class described, a suitable casing, a shaft rotatably

page_text: 5
0
55
a collar fixed to said shart,
rms projecting in opposite directions from said collar, a collar loosely mounted
pon said shaft, arms projecting in opposite directions from said loose collar, a
second shaft mounted in a position parallel with said first mentioned shaft, a
sprocket-wheel upon said second shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the
arms upon said loose collar and engaging said sprocket-wheel, a worm sprocket-
wheel upon the second mentioned shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the
first mentioned arms and passing around said sprocket-wheel in such a way that
said shaft and said loose collar will be operated in opposite directions by the
operation of the second shaft, a segmental gear upon said second shaft, a third
shaft.mounted in a position parallel with said second shaft, a pinion upon said
third shaft meshing with said segmental gear, an arm upon said third shaft, an
electro-magnet in position to have the free end of its armature engaged by said
arm, a lever attached to the outer end of said loose collar, a lever attached to the
outer end of said shaft and beside the first mentioned lever, and signals attached
to the ends of said levers, substantially as specified.
mounted in a horizontal position in said casing,
22. In a device of the class described, a shaft rotatably mounted, a collar
loosely mounted upon one end of said shaft, a lever fixed to said collar, a lever
fixed to said shaft, signals upon corresponding ends of said levers, connections
between said levers, and electrically controlled mechanism whereby said levers
are operated in opposite directions, substantially as specified.
23. In a device of the class described, a suitable casing, a shaft rotatably
mounted in said casing, a lantern at one side of said casing, a collar loosely
mounted upon said shaft, a lever fixed to said collar, a lever fixed to said shaft,
frames fixed to one end of one of said levers and carrying glass disks in position
to come upon opposite sides of said lantern, signals upon the opposite ends of said
levers from said lantern, connections between said levers whereby they are operated
in opposite directions and electrically controlled mechanism for operating and
holding said levers, substantially as specified.
24. In a device of the class described, an electric call-bell, a rocking beam
attached to and operated by the armature of the bell, pawls pivoted to each end
if said beam, a toothed-wheel mounted to be engaged by said pawls, a cam con-
nected to and operated by said toothed-wheel, a hammer operated by said cam,
connections operated by said hammer whereby the bell circuit is broken and the
motor circuit is closed, substantially as specified.
25. In a device of the class described, an electric call-bell, a rocking beam
attached to and operated by the armature of the bell, pawls pivoted to each end
of said bell, a toothed-wheel mounted to be engaged and operated by said pawls,
and connections with said toothed-wheel whereby the bell circuit is broken and
the motor circuit is closed by the operation of said toothed-wheel, substantially
as specified.
26. In a device of the class described, a pawl-wheel rotatably mounted, means
of controlling the pawls, electrical connections for operating the pawl controlling
mechanism, a form riding upon the upper face of the pawls, said form being
designed to drop into the pawls and stop the pawl-wheel when said pawls are
operated in a certain way, a signal electrically connected to said form and so
arranged that the signal circuit is closed and the signal operated when the form
stops the pawl-wheel, and connections between said signal and the mechanism for
operating the pawl-wheel whereby the signal circuit is opened and the motor
circuit closed by the operation of said signal, substantially as specified.
27. In a device of the class described, a signal, means of telegraphically
operating said signal, a segment operated by said signal, teeth projecting from
said segment, a brush in contact with said segment, a second brush in position to
engage said teeth, said brushes being in the telegraph circuit and the operation
of said teeth upon said brushes opening and closing the telegraph circuit to
telegraphically notify the operator that the signal has operated, substantially as
specified.

page_text: 28. In a device of the class described, a signal, means of telegraphically
operating said signal, and means of opening and closing the telegraph circuit by
the operation of said signal to telegraphically notify the operator that the signal
has operated, substantially as specified.
29. In a device of the class described, an electric bell, a semaphore, an electric
circuit connecting said bell and semaphore, means of telegraphically operating
said bell and semaphore, means of stopping the ringing of said bell, and means of
telegraphically notifying the operator that the bell and semaphore have operated,
substantially as specified.
30. In a device of the class described, a suitable casing, a shaft rotatably mounted
in a horizontal position in said casing, a collar fixed to said shaft, arms projecting
in opposite directions from said collar, a collar loosely mounted upon said shaft,
arms projecting in opposite directions from said loose collar, a second shaft mounted
in a position parallel with said first mentioned shaft, a sprocket-wheel upon said
second shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the arms upon said loose collar
and engaging said sprocket-wheel, a worm sprocket-wheel upon the second men-
tioned shaft, a chain connecting the free ends of the first mentioned arms and
passing around said sprocket-wheel in such a way that said shaft and said loose
collar will be operated in opposite directions by the operation of the second shaft, a
segmental gear upon said second shaft, a third shaft mounted in a position parallel
with said second shaft, a pinion upon said third shaft meshing with said segmental
gear, an arm upon said third shaft, an electro-magnet in position to have the free
end of its armature engaged by said arm, teeth projecting from said segmental
gear, a brush in contact with said gear, a sceond brush in contact with said teeth,
the telegraph circuit passing through said brush and through said segment and
the operation of said teeth upon said second brush opening and closing the telegraph
circuit to telegraphically notify the operator that the signal has operated,
substantially as specified.
Dated this 18th day of t
1007