Improvements in Rolls for Pulping Fibres for the Manufacture of Paper and like Uses.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 14th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rolls for Pulping Fibres for the Manufacture of
Paper and like Uses.
I, GEORGE TIDCOMBE of Aldenham Road, Watford in the County of Herts,
Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce sound cast steel rolls for the ordinary
type of pulping engines that shall be cleanly in their work having cutting or grinding
knives of suitable temper or hardness, and to maintain their efficiency with more con-
venience and economy than heretofore.
In the type of engine roll to which this applies the bars or cutting knives are usually
fastened into its circumference by wedges between them, and as each becomes worn
they have to be withdrawn for renewal and refitted at great inconvenience and
expense. The method also frequently causes dirt and rust that has been collected to
exude from between the knives and wedges with injury to the pulp, and is attended
with considerable danger, as the work sometimes becomes loose causing the bars to fly
out and break the roll.
I now obviate the defects referred to without employing bars and wedges, by the
following means.
"
"
I cast a suitable steel roll by Bessemer or other economical process, and then
groove the knives out of its circumference by cutting, planing, drilling, milling,
grinding or otherwise.
In some cases I make the roll with gaps between its knives for the better turning
of the stuff in the pulping engine, and to obviate the use of a stirring stick or
propellor.
The grooves or knives may be cast in the roll as one casting, and sharpened or
adjusted, instead of being worked out, and the spindle may be cast upon the roll or
fitted in the usual manner.
A ring of steel may be cast on and
shrunk on, or otherwise fastened upon
purpose.
treated by either method, or bored and
the body of any suitable roll, for this
These castings are made as sound and tough as rolled plates by means of com-
pression while the metal is in a sufficiently fluid state, or may be tempered by other
methods.
As the knives wear down the operative edges may be maintained or the grooves
renewed by the above or similar means, or by the use of grooving apparatus attached
to the roll or engine worked by hand or other convenient motor and thereby avoid
the inconvenience of removing the roll from its working position.
Dated the 21st day of November 1888
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rolls for Pulping Fibres for the Manufacture of
Paper and like Uses.
I, GEORGE TIDCOMBE of Aldenham Road, Watford in the County of Herts,
Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Modern fibres, for the manufacture of paper, such as wood, straw and esparto, from

page_text: natural differences of structure, require pulping rolls with knives or teeth having
grinding surfaces specially adapted and differing from those suitable for pulping rags
only.
The teeth require to be of such form and material as to be more easily renewed
as they become worn, and adapted to draw out the fibres instead of chopping them.
The object of this invention is to produce sound cast steel rolls for the ordinary
type of pulping engines that shall be cleanly in their work having cutting or grinding
knives of suitable temper or hardness, and to maintain their efficiency with more
convenience and economy than heretofore.
In the type of pulping engine roll to which this applies the bars or cutting knives
are usually fastened into its circumference by wedges between them, and as each
becomes worn they have to be withdrawn for renewal and refitted at great incon-
venience and expense. The method also frequently causes dirt and rust that has been
collected to exude from between the knives and wedges with injury to the pulp, and
is attended with considerable danger, as the work sometimes becoines loose causing
the bars to fly out and break the roll.
I now obviate the defects referred to without employing separate cutting bars and
wedges, by the following means:-
I cast a suitable steel roll by "Bessemer" or other economical process, and then
groove the knives out of its circumference by cutting, planing, drilling, milling,
grinding or otherwise.
In some cases 1 make the roll with gaps between its knives for the better turning
of the stuff in the pulping engine, and to obviate the use of a stirring stick or
propellor and these gaps in the roll teeth may be attained by casting the same with a
gap wherever required or by dividing the operating parts of the roll and securing the
portions at distances apart.
The grooves or knives may be cast in the roll as one casting, and sharpened or
adjusted, instead of being worked out, and the spindle may be cast upon the roll or
fitted in the usual manner.
A ring of steel may be cast on and treated by either method, or bored and shrunk
on, or otherwise fastened upon the body of any suitable roll, for this purpose such
separate sections being secured by packing in grooves in the inner portion of the
roll.
These castings are made as sound and tough as rolled plates by means of com-
pression while the metal is in a sufficiently fluid state, or may be tempered by other
methods.
As the knives wear down the operative edges may be maintained or the grooves
renewed by the above or similar means, or by hand chisel, or the use of grooving
apparatus attached to the roll or engine, worked by hand or other convenient
motor and thereby avoid the inconvenience of removing the roll from its working
position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents in section a clump of separate bars a and applied wedges 6 of
the ordinary pulping engine prior to my present invention as fixed in the circum-
ference of the roll c. When the bars wear down to A. A. it is well known that they
beat better stuff but the wedges are objectionable because they are sources of dirt,
and they, as well as the bars, must he renewed as the bars wear away.
Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 represent by cross sectional views of part of a roll some of the
different types of my improved operative edges or teeth, which are cleanly in their
work and draw out the fibres similar to the original pestle and mortar effect instead.
of only cutting them, those shown by Fig. 4 being especially designed for wood,
straw, and esparto. I make the teeth of suitable form or inclination varying the same
to the particular class of matters treated and these edges pulp the fibres as keenly or
as long as may be desired. I am enabled by this kind of roll to produce any type of
incisor as well as molor teeth or bars. The bars may be on an angle or parallel with
the spindle of the roll.

page_text: As these operative edges become worn they are renewed by cutting, planing,
drilling, milling, grinding or otherwise, according to their hardness, which may
be effected by ordinary mechanical appliances usual for effecting such purposes.
A travelling tool on a slide, and driven from any convenient motive power, being
passed to and fro over or against the roll-such as a planing tool as indicated by
dotted lines in Fig. 2 or it may be a suitably speeded drill suitably held by slide rest
or it may be an emery or corundum driving wheel for very hard teeth, such a wheel
is indicated partly in Fig. 3.
Spaces F.F. Figs.
the stuff when desired.
and 3 may be formed between any series of teeth for lifting
When the body of the roll is reduced after lengthened wear a new wearing ring of
suitable steel may be shrunk or fastened on.
Fig. 5 shows the application of this kind of steel casting in the form of sections of
the roll one of which is shown consisting of four or it may be any convenient larger
number of operative surfaces, and these sections may be hollow.
The roll may be cast by any of the modern appliances for such steel castings and
by making the spindle part of the head or runner, both being one casting, soundness
is insured.
The bed-plate D D Fig. 4 may be of the ordinary or any convenient type, or with
curved edges as shown.
The curved surfaces B, Figs. 2, 3 and 5 and the like surfaces C Fig. 4, are designed
substantially as represented to facilitate drawing out of the fibres. The form of roll
surface shown by Figs. 2 and 3 is particularly indicated for application on a worn or
other surface.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The manufacture and use of rolls for pulping fibres for the manufacture of paper
and the like, with teeth formed out of the substance of the roll substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
2. The manufacture of rolls for pulping fibres for the manufacture of paper and
the like by grooving the teeth or bars out of the solid of cylindrical Bessemer or
other suitable steel cylinders applied thereto in manner and for the purpose set
forth.
Dated the 8th day of August 1889.