CERTAIN. IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF MACHINERY TO BE APPLIED AS MECHANICAL AGENTS IN A GREAT VARIETY OF SITUATIONS, IN WHICH TOOTHED GEAR AND OTHER MECHANISM HAVE BEEN HERETOPORE EMPLOYED
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BUCKINGHAM, of Great Randolph Street, Camden Town, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His late most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Seventeenth day of June, in the seventh year of His
reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
seven, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Buckingham, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said James Buckingham, my executors, administrators,.
and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Buckingham, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from:
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned;
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN.
IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF MACHINERY TO BE APPLIED AS MECHANICAL AGENTS IN
A GREAT VARIETY OF SITUATIONS, IN WHICH TOOTHED GEAR AND OTHER MECHANISM
HAVE BEEN HERETOPORE EMPLOYED;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, obliging me, the said James Buckingham, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the.
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery,
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in

page_text: part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Buckingham, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists, in the first place, in an improved arrangement of
levers to be acted upon by a rotary crank or cranks, whereby certain move-
ments are obtained, which are peculiarly applicable when in combination with
other apparatus to the raising of water from wells, mines, and other low
situations, or with other suitable apparatus to raising loads or weights. The
arrangement of mechanism employed to effect the first-mentioned object is
shewn in the accompanying Drawings at Figures 1 and 2, connected with a
system of ascending and descending buckets, and other machinery which
forms the subject of a Patent granted in England to Jacob Tilton Slade, and
dated the Eleventh day of January One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
six, in which Patent right I am interested. Fig. 1 represents a side elevation
of my improved arrangement of two pairs of levers in connection with a
double crank, the shaft of which crank is mounted in suitable standards, and
the fulcrum axle on which the levers turn is also mounted in the same
standards; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same; a, a, are the standards
or framework supporting this part of the machinery; b, b, is the crank, the
ends of its shaft turning in the standards. This crank shaft may be driven
by a winch, by a band and pulley, or by toothed gear; c, c, is an upper shaft,
also supported by the standards, which shaft forms the fulcrum or axle of the
levers d, d. To any part of these levers, rods e, e, may be attached as shewn,
and the reverse ends of these rods being connected to the cranks b, b, the
rotation of the cranks will actuate the rods and levers, giving a reciprocating
ascending and descending action to the levers. If, therefore, the buckets
below be connected by rods, chains, or ropes to the levers d, d, they will be
raised and depressed alternately as the levers move up and down, which will
effect the object desired (yiz'), raising and depressing or working the buckets
by a reciprocating action, for the purposes described in Slade's Specification.
It is obvious that this adaptation of levers and rods to cranks for raising
weights by reciprocating action admits of some variations, viz, by placing the
crank shaft above the shaft of the levers, or by the side of the lever shaft,

page_text: observing, however, that the two shafts must be exactly parallel to each other.
And a further variation may be made by employing double sets of levers, that
is, two levers d, d, may be connected to each crank b, by means of rods e, e,
as shewn in Figures 3 and 4, and that the chains, rods, or ropes for working
the buckets, or raising any other weights by a reciprocating action, máy,
according to the lifting power required, be connected to any part of the
levers between their fulcrum and extremities, and that the said chains, rods,
or ropes for lifting may be attached to one or both arms of the levers.
The second feature of my improvements is a mode of opening the valve or
valves of the piston of a pump or machine for raising water. Fig. 5, repre-
sents in section the upper cylinder or bucket shewn in connection with the
machinery in Figs. 1 and 2, from whence the water is to be drawn by the
ordinary operation of pumping. a is the piston supposed to be in the act of
descending, at which time it is necessary that the valves v, v, should be opened
to allow the water to pass through freely, and prevent a concussion which
sometimes takes place from a confined volume of air when the piston descends
toward the surface of the water. To the upper part of the piston rod a
jointed arm c is attached with carries a small jointed arm d, at its end. The
arm c, when fallen into the horizontal position is stopped from descending
further by a shoulder, but moves upward freely. The smaller arm d is in like
manner stopped by a shoulder above, but is allowed to fall. It is, however,
held in its straight position by a weight or spring, and connected to it is a
chain leading down to the valves. Soon after the piston begins to descend in
the cylinder, the end of the smaller arm d, comes against an elevation or
tappet on the edge of a vertical side rail at z, which causes the arms c and d,
to be forced up into the inclined position shewn in the Figure, and thereby to
draw up the cord or cords, chain or chains e, which lifts the valves v, v, and
opens the water ways. When the piston has descended nearly to the bottom
of its stroke the arms c, d, by passing the recess y, are allowed to fall into
their horizontal position, as shewn by dots which allows the valves to close at
w, and when the piston ascends again the end of the arm d comes against
another tappet æ, on the edge of the vertical rail which forces down the arm d,
as shewn by dots at v, and the piston rises to the top of its stroke, having the
valves closed.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Buckingham, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
JAMES BUCKINGHAM. (L.s.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of December,
in the first year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said James,
Buckingham came before our said Lady 'the Queen in Her Chancery, and
acknowledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-
fifth year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Sixteenth day of December, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-seven.