AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS UPON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE MACHINE NOW GENERALLY USED FOR MANGLING OR PRESSING OF LINNEN, AND COMMONLY CALLED A MANGLE
Year: 1791

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FEROUSON
HARDIE, of Weymouth Street, in the Parish of Saint Marylebone, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twelfth day of September, in the thirty-first year of His reign,
did give unto me, the said Ferguson Hardie, His especial licence that I, the
said Ferguson Hardie, during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS
UPON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE MACHINE NOW GENERALLY USED FOR MANGLING OR
PRESSING OF LINNEN, AND COMMONLY CALLED A MANGLE;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Ferguson Hardie,
under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and how the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next after the
date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being
thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of the said proviso, I, the said
Ferguson Hardie, do hereby declare that the several Plans or Drawings here-

page_text: unto annexed contain the several parts necessary for the construction of and
also a compleat form of my said improvement, and that the said several Plans
or Drawings, with the references thereto herein-after mentioned, contain a par-
ticular description of the said Invention, and which references are as follows
(that is to say)-
Fig. 1 is a view of the old mangle commonly made use of, to which the
new Invention is to be applied. 2 is a view of a mangle with now invented
parts added to it. 3 is another view of a mangle with new invented parts
added to it also. 4 is an elevation of parts of tho new Invention which is to
be fixed to a mangle, with proper references, so as to correspond with the
figures as they appear detached. 5 represents other parts, chiefly to regulate
the rope when the pulley is applied. 6, à side piece, in which the axis of
Fig. 16 must be placed at b, and the end of the arbor d, in Fig. 13, at j.
7, the other side piece. in which the end of the arbor, c, is to be placed at i.
8, the under cross bar. 9, the upper cross bar. 10, a metal cock to recieve
the arbor, a, Fig. 16, at b. 11, a cylender made of wood bushed with metal at
each end of the hole at a and b. 12, a metal wheel, with bevelled teeth, to
be fixed on Fig. 11 by driving it up to the shoulder, f. 13, an arbor, with
three pinions, so put on as to take off occasionally. The pinions, a and b, are
worked by the wheel, Fig. 15, at the lower teeth, and the pinion, c. works the
wheel, Fig. 12. 14, an arbor with square ends, with a hole through it at &, large
enough to admit the arbor, Fig. 13, to turn in it, on the upper end of which
the wheel, Fig. 15, moves at 9 and h, and on the lower end, Fig. 11, moves
nt and c. 15, a metal wheel, with bevelled teeth round one half of the
bottom, which works the pinions a and b, of Fig. 13, and with bevelled teeth.
round the whole of the top, which are worked by the pinion, Fig. 16. 16, the bevel
pinion to work the upper teeth of the wheel, Fig. 15. 17, a cock to be fixed to
each end of the mangle box, for the rope to pass through at a and b, and to receive
the bevel cock, Fig. 18, at c, d. 18, the bevel cock for lifting up the end of the
maugle box when set for that purposo. 19, the pin for the bevel cock to move
on. 20, the rope as placed round the cylender, Fig. 11, with a pin at each end
a and a. 21, a bridge cock to receive the arbor of the rotchet wheel at
22, a rotchet wheel with a square cul at the top at b, and a stud to fix the
rope to at q. 23, a stop for the rotchet wheel, Fig. 22. 24, a spring to force
the stop, Fig. 23, into the teeth of the rotchet wheel, Fig. 22. 25, a wrench to
turn the rotchet wheel with at b. 26, a pulley to be placed in a cock at each
end of the mangle box for the rope to pass through, in order to work the
mangle with the greater case and with more expedition. The Figures of which

page_text: át b.
this new Invention consists, are to be applied to a mangle in' the following
manner :-Fix Fig. 6 to the side of the mangle at a. Fig. 7, to the other side
The under cross bar, Fig. 8, to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, at ċ and d. The
upper cross bar, Fig. 9, at e and f. Fix Fig. 10 undér Fig. 9 at i, Fig. 12 on
Fig. 11 at e and f, and put them on the arbor, Fig. 14, at c, d, first placing
Fig. 11 on the under cross bar, Fig. 8, at h; then put the arbor, Fig. 14, into
the hole, Fig. 11, at a, and fix the end of the arbor, c, in a square hole at h, in tho
under cross bar. Take the pinion, a, off' tlie arbor, Fig. 18, then put the end, e;
of this arbor through the hole at k, in Fig. 14; put the pinion, a, on the arbor
again, and place the axis, e, in the hole, i, of the side piece, Fig. 7; put the end
of the axis, d, into the hole at j, in Fig. 6. Put the metal wheel, Fig. 15, on
the arbor, Fig. 14, at g, h, with the teeth all round the wheel to be uppermost,
and the teeth only half round the wheel undermost. Place the axis of the
bevel tooth pinion, Fig. 16, in the hole, b, in the side piece, Fig. 6. Place the
axis, a, of the bevel pinion, Fig. 16, in the hole, b, in the cock, Fig. 10;
at the same time fix the upper cross bar, Fig. 9, on the tops of the side
pieces, Figures 6 and 7. Put the winch on the end of the arbor of the bevel
cock, Fig. 16, at m; fix the cock, Fig. 17, at each end of the mangle box as at
o, in Fig. 2. Put a bevel cock, Fig. 18, to each of the cocks, Fig. 17, at c, d ;
then put the pin, Fig. 19, into the hole, e, in Fig. 17, which must pass through
the hole, a, in Fig. 18, and terminate by being fixed in the hole, f, in Fig. 17, so
as to permit the bevel cock, Fig. 18, to turn upon it as a joint or hinge. Provide
a proper quantity of rope, fix the middle of it to the cylender, Fig. 11, place it
in the groove of the cock, Fig. 17, puit the end of the rope through to the
back of the hole, a, and return it forward through the hole, b, in Fig. 17, then-
tie a pin to the end of the rope, as represented in Fig. 20. The reason why it
is necessary to pass the ends of the rope through the holes, a, b, in Fig. 17, is
to keep the rope sufficiently tight, by fixing the pin which is tied to the end of
it in either of the holes, a, at the end of the mangle box, as may be required,
and also to slacken it by removing the pin from one hole to another. The
same method must be observed with the other end of the rope and pin. The
desirable end of regulating the rope by making it slacker or tighter may also
be obtained by applying the pulley, Fig. 26, to a cock at the end of the mangle
box as represented at a, a, in Fig. 8, which will require the bridge cock_
Fig. 21, to be fixed on the lower cross bar in Fig. 3 at p, which being done,
place the arbor and rotchet wheel, Fig. 22, in the hole of the bridge cock,
Fig. 21, at a. The end of the arbor, c, will then turn in the holo of the
lower cross bar as seen at i, in Fig. 8. Screw the stop, Fig 23, to the
"

page_text: is
bridge cock, Fig. 21, at b, sufficiently easy to permit it to turn on the
screw, and screw the spring, Fig. 24, fast to the bridge cock, Fig. 21,
at c, so as to bear against Fig. 23, to force it into the teeth of the rotchet
wheel, Fig. 22, which will prevent the wheel from going back when the rope
made tight. The regulating of the rope is done by fixing the middle of it to
the stud, a, Fig. 22; put one end of the rope in the pulley, Fig. 26, and fasten
it to the cylender, Fig. 11, and do the same with the other end of the rope.
When the rope is too slack, make it tight by placing the wrench, Fig. 25,
upon the arbor, Fig. 22, at b, and turn it tight therewith; and if the rope is
too tight, with the same winch turn it back with one hand, at the same time
holding back the stop, Fig. 23, with the other, which will then enable you by
that means to regulate the rope as judgment may direct. By this new
invented way of mangling, the box is moved both to and fro by turning the
winch one way. When the articles are sufficiently mangled turn the bevel
cock, Fig. 18, pointing towards the under cross bar, Fig. 8, then turn the
winch, and the mangle box will be lifted up, and the bevel cock will cause it
to remain stationary by resting on the under cross bar, Fig. 8, at g, which
must remain so while the articles mangled are taken out and others put in to
be mangled. Turn the winch, and the mangle box will again rest upon the
rollers. Put the bevel cock, Fig. 18, back into its place again, which will
enable you to mangle as before. This new invented way of lifting up the
mangle box, by means of the winch and bevel cock, is of much consequence,
since it is done with ease and expedition, which is not the case in the old way
of mangling. And in order to enable the public to make use of this Invention
at the expiration of the grant, à scale of an inch and an half to a foot is
given, to ascertain the proportions of the several Figures.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ferguson Hardie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of October, in the thirty-first year of
the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of
God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
hundred and ninety-one.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twelfth day of October, in the
thirty-first year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, the said
Ferguson Hardie came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the several Statutes made in
the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen William and Mary
of England, and so forth, and in the seventeenth and twenty-third years of the
reign of His present Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the said Twelfth day of October, in the year above written.