IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WASHING, SCOURING, BLEACHING, DYEING, STEAMING, DRYING AND OTHERWISE TREATING FIBROUS MATERIALS IN THE FORM OF SLUBBING, SLIVERS, ROVINGS OR YARN
Year: 1885

page_text: I HENRY GIESSLER of Molsheim, Alsatia, German Empire, manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR WASHING, SCOURING, BLEACHING, DYEING, STEAMING, DRYING AND OTHERWISE
TREATING FIBROUS MATERIALS IN THE FORM OF SLUBBING, SLIVERS, ROVINGS OR
YARN," to be as follows:-
:-
My invention relates to the class of apparatus serving for the aforesaid purposes,
in which the acting fluid percolates the material to be treated, and the improve-
ments consist in the means employed for rendering uniform the passage of the fluid
through the material during the whole process.
In apparatuses of the said kind the material is packed around or between
perforated walls, whereupon the acting fluid is forced through the perforations of
the said walls and the material. During this process the material usually settles
or diminishes in bulk, so that the perforations may, in part, become uncovered and
allow the fluid to pass above the material without acting thereon.
For the purpose of obviating this defect, I place upon the mass or pile of
material a plate, acting on the same by its weight, and so arranged that it will
follow the material as it settles and thus keep it in a uniform state of compression.
The said plate has an upward extension adapted to close the perforations that are
above the material; all perforations becoming uncovered of material being thus
reclosed by the plate and its extension, so that no fluid can pass otherwise than
through the material. This plate and its extension I shall call the "follower."
In one form of apparatus I make use of a vertical tube, to the lower portion
whereof is fixed a horizontal disk, serving to carry the material when piled up or
wound around the tube, which is perforated above the disk. The follower consists
in an annular disk having attached to it an imperforate tube fitting with a small
amount of play upon the perforated tube. This device is inserted with the tube-
part projecting below the carrying disk, into the aperture of a pipe or chamber
arranged at the bottom of the tank or other receptacle containing the dye or other
acting fluid, and which pipe or chamber communicates with a pump or an ejector
[Price 6d1

page_text: adapted to draw fluid therefrom, and to redeliver it into the receptacle, or vice-versa.
The said aperture is preferably made funnel-shaped, so as to facilitate the insertion
of the perforated tube. A number of devices of this kind may be placed together
into one receptacle and operated by a common pump or ejector, and two or more
receptacles containing different fluids, may be established in proximity of each
other, so as to allow the carriers with the material to be easily transferred from one
receptacle to the other.
In another form of apparatus, the material is packed into a rectangular box
baving two perforated walls and arranged to be so inserted into a larger receptacle
that, when a current of fluid is forced through the latter, it will entirely pass
through the perforated walls of the box. The follower, in this case consists in a
plate fitting loosely into the perforated box and having a vertical rim of sufficient
height to close the perforations becoming free during the process.
The arrangement of the perforated walls and the form of the follower may,
however, be varied to suit the requirements in any particular case.
Dated the and drove of Tanna 700K
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent for the said Henry Giesler.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Washing, Scouring, Bleaching,
: Dyeing. Steaming. Drying and otherwise Treating Fibrous
I, HENRY GIESLER of Molsheim, Alsatia, German Empire, manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR WASHING, SCOURING, BLEACHING, DYEING, STEAMING, DRYING AND OTHERWISE
TREATING FIBROUS MATERIALS IN THE FORM OF SLUBBING, SLIVERS, ROVINGS OR
"
YARN and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the class of apparatus serving for the aforesaid purposes,
in which the acting fluid percolates the material to be treated, and the improve-
ments consist in the means employed for rendering uniform the passage of the fluid
through the material during the whole process.
In apparatuses of the said kind the material is packed around or between
perforated walls, whereupon the acting fluid is forced through the perforations
of the said walls and the material. During this process the material usually
settles or diminishes in bulk, so that the perforations may, in part, become
uncovered and allow a portion of the fluid to pass above the material without
acting thereon.
For the purpose of obviating this defect, I place upon the mass or pile of material
a plate, bearing on the same by its weight, and so arranged that it will follow the
material as it settles and thus keep it in a uniform state of compression. The said
plate has an upward extension adapted to close the perforations that are above the
material; all perforations becoming uncovered of material being thus reclosed by
the plate and its extension, so that no fluid can pass otherwise than through the
material. This plate and its extension I shall call the "follower."
On the annexed sheet of drawings are shown different arrangements of apparatus
comprising my invention. According to Figs. 1 and 2, which are, respectively, a
vertical section and a plan of one arrangement, the said perforated wall forms &
vertical tube L. To the lower portion of this tube is fixed a disk O, serving to
carry the material piled up or wound around the tube L. Below this disk the tube
is without perforations. The follower consists in an annular disk P to whien is
attached an imperforate tube Q fitting with so much play on the tube L that it
may slide thereon. Either of the two tubes L and Q must be closed at the top, so
as to prevent air, or any considerable quantity thereof, from being drawn through
the tube L. The device LO, or carrier, is brought with the material and the
follower into a tank or receptacle A containing the dye or other acting fluid, and it
is put in connection with means for creating a circulation of fluid through the
material and the tube L. Preferably the carrier is, for this purpose, inserted with
the tube part L', projecting below the disk O, into an aperture of a pipe or
chamber B arranged at the bottom of the receptacle A, and which aperture may be
provided with a funnel-shaped rim B' adapted to facilitate the insertion of the
tube L. The pipe or chamber B communicates by a pipe C with a centrifugal or
other pump E, or an ejector, which draws the fluid from A through the material M,

page_text: the perforated tube L, and the chamber B, and redelivers it by means of the
pipes F. and I into the receptacle A. Close to the latter a reservoir K is, with
advantage, established, which can also be put in communication with the pump E
by means of a pipe C¹ and a cock D, while another cock, G, serves to direct
the discharge-current from the pump through the pipe H into K. This arrange-
ment allows the fluid to be pumped from A to K, and vice-versa. Besides, the
receptacle A and the reservoir may be made to communicate with each other by a
pipe R provided with a cock, and serving to let any surplus amount of fluid run
from one vessel into the other.
A number of carriers L O with material M and followers PQ may be placed
together into one receptacle A and operated by a common pump or ejector, as
shown by the drawing; and two or more receptacles containing different fluids,
may be arranged in proximity of each other, so as to allow the carriers with the
material to be easily transferred from one receptacle to the other.
When an ejector working by steam, is used for putting the fluid into cir-
culation, the heat of the steam in condensing passes over into the fluid. In case
a rise of temperature of the latter should be considered prejudicial to the process
to be carried out, the fluid must be cooled again to the requisite degree by means
of a refrigerator.
Another arrangement of apparatus is shown by Fig. 3 in vertical, and by Fig. 4
in horizontal section. The perforated walls in this case constitute the opposite
walls of a rectangular box L' formed within, or inserted into a receptacle A¹,
communicating by means of pipes S and S¹ with a pump or ejector adapted to
cause a circulation of the operating fluid either from the left to the right or from
the right to the left, or alternatively in one direction and the other, through the
box L. Into the said box the material to be treated is packed. The follower
consists in a plate P¹ fitting loosely into the box L, and having a vertical rim Q¹
of sufficient height to close the perforations, becoming free during the process. If
preferred, the follower may be carried out in form of a solid block, or a hollow
casting, or in other suitable manner.. In order to prevent fluid from being forced
out between the walls of the box and the follower, the former is closed by a
cover T; and, for guiding and keeping in horizontal position the follower,
a rod U is fixed thereto, sliding in a tubular attachment of the said cover.
With this apparatus a reservoir may be so combined that the pump will produce
a circulation of the operating fluid from the reservoir through the material and
back to the former.
Fig. 5 shows a modification of the follower adapted for an apparatus of the kind
shown by Figs. 1 and 2. The fluid is, in this case, prevented from passing through
the perforations above the disk P and thence into the part of the tube L below the
disk, by means of a tube Y adapted to slide inside the tube L, and extending with
its lower end down in L to the level of the disk P. Moreover, the said tubo Y is
closed by a transverse wall or disk V, arranged either at the bottom of the sale,
as shown in the figure, or at any other point of its length, so as to prevent air
from being drawn through it by the pump, and it is rigidly connected to the disk P
by means of rods W and a plate or crosshead X. On account of this connection
the tube Y will move together with the disk P, and thus reclose the apertures in L
becoming uncovered of material as the latter settles. It is evident. that instead of
the tube Y a solid cylinder may also be used.
A modification of this arrangement consists in replacing the tube Y by a
rod Y¹, as shown by Fig. 6; the disk V, which, in this case, assumes the
character of a piston, being so attached to the said rod as to be on a level witli
the disk P.
The disposition of the perforated walls and the form of the follower may,
however, still be varied in other manners to suit the requirements in any particular
case. Besides it may be mentioned that the described follower acting by its weight
on the material to be dyed or otherwise treated, as specified, may be applied to ally,
kind of fibrous material in the form of slubbing, slivers, roving or yarn,

page_text: Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be
understood that I do not broadly claim the use of a plate for compressing fibrous
materials while being traversed by a current of dyeing or other fluid, inasmuch as
such plates arranged to be screwed down on the material, have heretofore been
used, but I declare that what I claim is
The combination with a receptacle adapted to contain a fluid, a wall or walls
arranged within the same and having perforations, and means for causing a fluid to
circulate through the said perforations, of a follower acting by its weight on the
material placed around or between the said wall or walls, and provided with
means for preventing a current of fluid from passing through the perforations
becoming uncovered of material as it settles, substantially as and for the purpose
described.