Improvements in Cases or "Rounds" for Night and other like Lights.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th July, 1894-Accepted, 25th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cases or "Rounds" for Night and other like
Lights.
We, GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER, and MORRIS BROAD FOWLER, both of
75 Tressillian Road, Brockley, in the County of Kent, Night Light Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
==
The invention relates to a novel construction of case or "round" for night and
other like lights whether the night light material is poured into such cases or is
previously shaped to fit the same, the object being to make them of more perfect
form than heretofore, to secure the bottoms against displacement by handling,
transport, age, or when in use, and to render the cases secure against escape of the
melted material and the entry of water, if placed in water.
For this purpose we employ paper pulp or other material capable of being
moulded, but exclusive of glass, in combination with a mould of the required shape
to form the exterior of the case or "round" and a plunger to form the interior and
to regulate the substance thereof, the bottom being preferably dish formed.
The paper pulp or other material is placed in the mould and the plunger is then
forced down into the mould, when the paper pulp or other material will be caused
to fill the space between the two and any excess will escape therefrom.
The dies may be so formed as to either perforate the bottom to receive the wick
or to form a recess therein to receive the wick or sustainer or both, and they may
also be so formed as to leave a space below the bottom of the case or "round,"
which space may, in some instances, be filled with plaster or other material.
The paper pulp or other material, when required, may be mixed with materials
for fireproofing, waterproofing, waxproofing, greaseproofing, or for rendering the
same translucent and for coloring it; or some or any of these qualities may, if
required, be imparted to the case or "round" after it is moulded, and, if desired,
the latter may be enamelled when the material forming the same is devoid of such
character. We also, in some cases, mould on the sides or bottom of the case or
round," or on both, any desired ornament, inscription, letters, trade mark, or
other desired indication.
66
1000
GEO. CUPIT FOWLER,
MORRIS B. FOWLER,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cases or "Rounds" for Night and other like
Lights.
We, GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER and MORRIS BROAD FOWLER, both of
75 Tressillian Road, Brockley, in the County of Kent, Night Light Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The invention relates to a novel construction of case or "round" for night and

page_text: other like lights, whether the night light material is poured into such cases or is
previously shaped to fit the same, the object being to make them of more perfect
form than heretofore, to secure the bottoms against displacement by handling,
transport, age or when in use, and to render the cases secure against escape of the
melted material and the entry of water if the cases or rounds are placed in water
when the night light is being burnt.
For this purpose we employ paper pulp or other material capable of being
moulded, but exclusive of glass, in combination with a mould of the required shape
to form the exterior of the case or "round," and a plunger to form the interior and
to regulate the substance thereof, the bottom being preferably dish formed to
enable the melted material to flow to the centre thereof.
When using paper pulp we, according to one method of working, combine it with
other materials in about the proportions hereinafter stated, viz. :-
The paper pulp is well mixed with the other ingredients of the compound which
latter is allowed to stand a short time after which any superfluous water is drained
or pressed out of same.
The requisite quantity of material is placed in the mould and the plunger is then
forced down into the mould, when the material employed will be caused to fill the
spare between the mould and the plunger and any excess will escape therefrom.
When using the compound above named, or any compound requiring to be dried,
partially dried or set before leaving the mould, we preferably employ a machine
having a number of moulds and corresponding plungers, all of which are heated in
any suitable manner. When the moulds are supplied with material and the
plungers forced into them, the pressure is maintained for about two or three
minutes, which is sufficient to complete the cases. The steam escapes from the die
or mould and any superfluous material is pressed out therefrom. The material is
preferably supplied to the dies in measured quantities by any suitable means.
The dies may be so formed as to either perforate the bottom to receive the wick,
or to form a recess therein to receive the wick or sustainer or both, or perforated
and recessed to receive the wick and sustainer, and they may also be so formed as
to leave a space below the bottom of the case or "round," which space may, in
.some instances, be filled with plaster or other material.
The paper pulp compound or other material, when required, may be mixed with
materials for fireproofing, waterproofing, waxproofing, greaseproofing, or for
rendering the same translucent, and for coloring it; some or any of these qualities
may, if desired, be imparted to the case or "round" after it is moulded, and, if
desired, the latter may be enamelled when the material forming the same is devoid
of such character. We also, in some instances, mould on the sides or bottom of the
case or "round," or on both, any desired ornament, inscription, letter, trade mark,
or other desired indication.
When using some materials, viz., potter's clay, the cases or "rounds," after
removal from the dies or moulds, are further dried and fired and may be otherwise
treated in like manner to other porcelain or earthenware goods.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A case or "round" for night and other like lights formed of paper pulp or
other material or compound (excluding glass) by the aid of suitable dies or moulds
and pressure, substantially as herein described and for the purpose stated.
2. A case or "round" for night and other like lights formed of naner nuln or

page_text: other material or compound (excluding glass) by the aid of dies or moulds and
pressure and having a slightly dished or concave bottom substantially as herein
described and for the purpose stated.
3. A case or "round" for night and other like lights formed of paper pulp or
other material or compound (excluding glass) by the aid of dies or moulds and
pressure and having a slightly dished or concave bottom and a perforation or recess
or both a perforation and recess substantially as herein described and for the
purpose stated.
Dated July 24th 1894.
G. C. FOWLER,
M. B. FOWLER,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents.