Improvements in Apparatus for Bruising and Disintegrating Articles of Food.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Bruising and Disintegrating
Articles of Food.
I, PAUL LOUIS FRANÇOIS HIPPOLYTE CHAUSSINAND, of Saint-Dizier, France,
Doctor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus for bruising and disintegrating articles of
food, by subjecting them to the action of a pair of jaws having blades so arranged
that the blades of the one jaw enter the spaces between those of the other, when
the jaws are pressed together. The jaws are moved towards and from each other
in the manner of pincers through a small angle so that they are never far from
being parallel, consequently they act throughout their length without pushing off
the material operated on, and their operative part being at some distance from
the joint pin, there is no choking at that part. As the handles have also to move
through a small angle, they are easily held in the hand. The limbs moreover can
be readily moved or taken apart for cleaning the jaws. The apparatus may be
made in various forms. For disintegrating meat, it is in the form of spring
pincers, each jaw having several blades entering between those of the other. These
blades have near the joint pin, projecting wings, so that when the jaws are widest
apart, the wings of the one jaw are still between the blades of the other, thus pre-
venting the meat from being pushed towards the joint pin. The jaws are in some
cases prevented from separating beyond a certain distance by a pin passing through
slots near the axis and screw threaded at its ends to receive nuts, by which the
spread of the jaws can be adjusted as desired. The apparatus, instead of being
arranged as pincers, may be arranged as shears to which the hand is applied
between the pivot pin and the jaws, or in which the jaws are arranged between
the pivot pin and the hand. The pin may be removed and the separated
blades may be used as forks; also within the handles, knive blades, cork screws
and the like may be accommodated.
For disintegrating meat on a plate or dish, only one handle is used, working in
combination with a stationary blade which is supported on a suitable base. The
faces of the blades are preferably made with longitudinal grooves for the flow of
juice, and they may have cross notches to prevent the meat from sliding along
them, and fine teeth to give a chewing action. The lateral sides. of each blade
are by preference inclined towards each other from the cutting edge.
When the apparatus is intended to bruise rather than disintegrate, the blades of
the one jaw are made thinner than the interval between those of the other jaw.
The pivot pin and a guide pin may work in slotted holes so arranged as to give
the jaws a longitudinal sliding movement relatively to each other.
The apparatus may have two pairs of jaws the one pair between the hand and the
pivot and the other pair beyond the pivot, either pair being adapted for bruising,
while the other is adapted for disintegrating.

page_text: One jaw without a handle may be pivotted on a board on which the other jaw
with handle is also pivotted, the former being capable of being turned on its pivot
to an inclined or vertical position so as to discharge from it the material which
has been operated on.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Apparatus for Bruising and Disintegrating
Articles of Food.
I, PAUL LOUIS FRANÇOIS HIPPOLYTE CHAUSSINAND, of Saint-Dizier, France,
Doctor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to apparatus for bruising and disintegrating articles of
food as I shall described referring to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a front view and Fig. 2 is a side view of an apparatus according to my
invention for dividing and disintegrating meat or other articles of food. The two
arms are jointed at D in such a manner that they can be separated for cleaning..
The blades A are made with projections a which, when the blades are farthest
apart, enter those of the one set of blades into the intervals between the other
blades so as to serve as guides, and prevent the material operated on from moving
towards the handles, or from choking the joint, as there is a space. C between it
and the projections . In the apparatus shewn in Fig. 3, the space C is greater
and is utilised for accommodating a screw B for regulating the extent to which the
jaws can be opened. The middle part of the screw B is preferably of rectangular
section, and both its ends are screw threaded to receive nuts b. By screwing these
up, the jaws can be held in a closed position, and by unscrewing one or both and
removing the pin D the jaws can be separated for cleaning.
When the jaws are separated they may be used as forks, and as shewn in Fig. 4,
the handles may be fitted with a knife, a spoon, a cork screw, a wire cutter &c.
The handles may be set to one side, as shewn in Fig. 2, so that the jaws may more
conveniently operate in the hollow of a plate.
The apparatus may be so made that it can be placed in a dish or plate as shewn
in Fig. 5 in which case one set of the blades is fixed, the other set only being moved
by a handle.
The apparatus in any of its forms may have a spring d to open the jaws apart.
When meat has to be cut, the blades of the one set should fill the spaces between
those of the other set so that they may act as shears, and the faces of the blades
may be made with longitudinal grooves g for free passage of juice. Thus the
blades may be of section such as that shewn in Fig. 7 in which the blades are
represented in position 1 advancing in opposite directions as indicated by the
arrows, and in position 2 closed together. The slipping of the meat lengthwise
may be prevented by making the jaws with cross grooves h as shewn in Figs. 1
and 6, or the faces of the blades may preferably be finely serrated as shewn in
various forms in Fig. 8. the form 4 being the best. The serrations may as shewn
in Fig. 9 be transverse 1, oblique in either direction 2 and 3, or in opposite
directions, or they may be oblique and crossing 4.
The cross section of the blades may be of various forms as shewn in Fig. 10, but
the section shewn in Fig. 7.is best, as the narrowing of the backs of the blades

page_text: gives passage when they are closed together in position 2 of Fig. 7 for the dis-
integrated fragments, and considerably reduces the resistance.
As shewn in Figs. 2 and 2* the blades of the one set may be all connected at
their ends a¹, so that the slice operated on is out transversely as well as longi-
tudinally. When the material is to be crushed rather than cut, as for instance
in dealing with bread crusts, the blades of the one set or some of them may be
made narrower than the spaces between those of the other set. One set of the blades
may be formed in one plate out of which the intervals are cut, and whether they
are so made or are separate blades it is better to connect them to the handles at
the middle of their length so as to balance the strains on each side.
This arrangement is shewn in Fig. 12, one set of the blades being jointed to
the handle so as to have freedom to adjust itself to the other set.
Fig. 11 is a transverse section of jaws suitable for disintegrating crust.
These blades may be attached to the handles as in Fig. 12 or as in Fig. 13, and
the faces of the blades may be curved concavely or convexly as shewn in Fig. 14.
By jointing the handles together as shewn in Fig. 13 the blades are made to have
a relatively sliding movement which renders them more effective. The crust
crushing apparatus shewn in Fig. 14 may have the upper blades either fixed to the
handle as shewn or it might be jointed to it as the one set of blades in Fig. 12.
The lower set of blades is hinged at E so that they can be turned up to deliver
the disintegrated crumbs through a hole F in the base.
The apparatus may be made with two sets of blades as shewn in Fig. 15, one set
to disintegrate meat and the other set to crush crust.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Apparatus for bruising and disintegrating articles of food, substantially as
described, with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
2. The modified apparatus substantially as described with reference to Fig. 4.
3. The modified apparatus in which the jaws are interposed between the joint
and the free end of the handles, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 5,
12 and 14.
4. In apparatus such as is above referred to making the blades with serrations
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 8 and 9.
5. The construction of the blades with projections such as a for the purpose set
forth.
6. The construction of the blades with longitudinal grooves substantially as
described with reference to Figs. 2, 24, 7 and 9.
7. In combination with the handles an adjusting screw d with nuts 6 sub-
stantially as described with reference to Fig. 3.
8. Attaching the handles at or near the middle of the blades substantially as
described with reference to Figs. 12 to 15.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1898.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.