Improvements in Electric Glow Lamps.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Sept.. 1889
Complete Specification Left, 2nd May, 1890-Accepted, 7th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Glow Lamps.,
I, ALEXANDER BERNSTEIN, of 2, Marlborough Mansions, Victoria Street, Pimlico,
in the County of London, and Mühlenkamp, Hamburg, in the Empire of Germany,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be us
follows:
My invention relates to the manufacture of glow lamps for series lighting, and
comprises an improved automatic contact inside of the lamp for cutting out the same
in case the light giving carbon should break.
In the specification filed with my application for Letters Patent A.D. 1889,
No. 375, I have described a lamp containing a straight carbon rod as a light giving
body, and a spring, which has the tendency to compress this rod and which produces
a short-circuit inside of the lamp in case the carbon rod should be destroyed.
Experience has shown that this construction is still capable of improvement and this
improvement forms the subject of my present application.
According to my invention the current is conveyed from two platinum wires
which are sealed into the glass bulb. From the platinum wires the current passes to
the carbon by means of stout conducting wires which are generally made of nickel.
These conductors are bent in such a manner as to almost approach each other at a
given point and they are held rigidly apart by means of a glass or other insulating
piece at their lower end near to the point at which the conducting wires are attached
to the platinum wires. A part of one of the conducting wires is hammered out flat
and thereby forms a spring which has the tendency to produce a contact between the
conducting wires at their bent portion.
The conducting wires are held rigidly apart at their two extreme ends, first, by
means of the glass insulating piece, and, secondly, by means of the carbon rod, as
long as the latter is intact.
If, however, by the action of the current the carbon should be destroyed, then the
conducting wire, which is flattened out as a spring, will follow its tension and
produce an automatic short-circuit by placing the conducting wires in contact.
It is essential that the two conducting wires should be held rigidly apart by means
of the insulating piece, in order to produce this action of the spring with absolute
certainty.
It is obvious that both conductors may be flattened out, or that a separate spiral
spring or its equivalent may be used in order to produce the contact, but it is
essential that the carbon shall have the form of a straight rod, as the carbon which
is bent in a curved form will not, when heated by the current, withstand the
necessary pressure of the spring which must have the tendency to compress the
carbon.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, Sonth Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Glow Lamps.
I, ALEXANDER BERNSTEIN, of 2, Marlborough Mansions, Victoria Street, Pimlico,
in the county of London, and Mühlenkamp, Hamburg, in the Empire of Germany,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of incandescence electric lamps or glow

page_text: lamps for series lighting, and comprises an improved automatic contact inside. the
lamp for cutting out the light-giving carbon in case the same should break.
In the specification filed with my application for Letters Patent dated January 8
A.D. 1889, No. 375, I have described lamp.containing a straight carbon rod. as a
light-giving body, and a spring, which has the tendency to compress this rod and
which produces a short circuit. inside the, lamp in case the carbon rod should be
destroyed. Experience has shewn that this construction is still capable of improvement
and this improvement forms the subject of my present application.
According to my invention the conducting wires are held apart at one end by the
carbon rod and at the other end by an insulating piece,.n.spring normally tending..to
press the said wires into contact.
Toenable niyninvention to be fully understood I will describe the same with
reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a sectional, elevation of a glow lamp
provided with my improvements.
is the glass bulb, bis the light-giving rod, which is generally made of carbon, and
ccarestwo, platinum wires which are scaled into the glass bulb and through which
the current is conveyed into the lamp. From the wires c, cthe current passes to the
carbon by means of stout conducting wires d, d.which are generally made of nickel.
These conductors are bent in such a manner as to almost approach each other.at, the
point e, and they are held rigilly apart by means of a glass, or other insulating piece
arranged near the point at which the wires d, dare attached to the wires.c, c..
part of one of the conducting wires is flattened at gathereby forming a spring
the tendencynot which is to cause contact between the conducting wires at the
*point.e.
The conducting wires are held rigidly apart at their two extreme ends, firstly by
means of the glass insulating piece herein before referred to, and, secondly, by means
of the carbon rod, as long as the latter is intact. If, however, owing to the action
of the current or for any other reason the carbon should be destroyed, then the spring
which is formed by flattening one of the wires will act and automatically, short circuit
the currentsby placing the conducting wires d, din contact.
It is essential that the two conducting wires should be held rigidly, apart
by means of the insulating piece, in order to enable the spring to act with absolute
certainty.
tsisiobvious that both conductors may be, flattened out or that a separate spiral
spring or its equivalent may be used in order to produce the contact, but it is essential
that the carbon shall have the form of a straight rod, as a carbon which is curved
will not, when heated by the current,,withstand the pressure of the spring which
must be sufficiently strong to ensure the contact between the wires d, d.
Hving
ving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
¡tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
olaim is
1. In an incandescence electric lampin which the light,, emitting, conductor is in
the form of a straight rod, supporting the said rod by means of conducting, wires,
which are held apart at one end by an insulating piece, and at the other end by the
light emitting conductor itself, a spring being provided to move the said conducting.
wires into contact to short circuit the current in case the said conductor is destroyed,
substantially as described.
2. The manufacture and use of electric incandescence lamps having automatic
cut-out devices arranged inside the same, substantially as herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
.
Dated the Induite Now 1800
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant..