IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND PRINTING INK SUITABLE FOR BANK NOTES, BILLS OF EXCHANGE, AND OTHER DOCUMENTS REQUIRING LIKE SECURITY AGAINST BEING COPIED
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Moss, of 69, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, in the Employment of Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, & Co., for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND PRINTING
INK SUITABLE FOR BANK NOTES, BILLS OF EXCHANGE, AND OTHER DOCUMENTS
REQUIRING LIKE SECURITY AGAINST BEING COPIED."
Sealed the 21st April 1859, and dated the 8th February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Moss at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
February 1859.
. I, THOMAS Moss, of 69, Fleet Street, in the City of London, in the
Employment of Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, & Co., do hereby declare the nature.
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
PRINTING INK SUITABLE FOR BANK NOTES, BILLS OF EXCHANGE, AND OTHER DOCU-
MENTS REQUIRING LIKE SECURITY AGAINST BEING COPIED," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of paper
and printing ink suitable for bank notes, bills of exchange, and other docu-
ments requiring like security against being copied. For these purposes in⚫
manufacturing paper I combine with the pulp the coloring matter I may
desire, such as yellow, red, brown, green, or others; and I use with or in the
preparation or production of such colors, burned china or other clay, oxide of
chromium or sulphur, so that the paper when made will have diffused through

page_text: it one or more of such substances, or these matters or some of them may,
without other coloring matter, be combined with the pulp, and the paper made
therefrom may afterwards be stained or dyed, or printed with any desired
color.
By using paper so manufactured for bank notes, bills of exchange, and
other documents, greater security is obtained against such documents being
copied by photography or other processes, from the circumstance that if any
attempt be made by chemical means to dismiss or remove the body color of
the paper, or any part of the printed or written matter thereon, the chemical
agents used will so materially damage the note or document as to prevent it
being copied or negociated.
In the manufacture of printing ink to be used for like purposes, I employ
burnt china, or other clay and sulphur; one or more of such substances are
ground up with suitable drying oils or varnishes, with or without other coloring
matters, according as such printing inks are to be used as a surface to be
printed over with other inks or otherwise.
In some
cases in place of employing an ink such as above described, it is
convenient to print the note or document with varnish or oil with or without
coloring matter, and afterwards to dust over it powdered and burnt china or
other clay, oxide of chromium or sulphur.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Moss in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd August 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
Moss, of 69, Fleet Street, in the City of London, in the Employment of
Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, & Co., send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Thomas Moss, Hèr special licence that I, the said Thomas
Moss, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Thomas Moss, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND PRINTING INK SUITABLE FOR BANK
NOTES, BILLS OF EXCHANGE, AND OTHER DOCUMENTS REQUIRING LIKE SECURITY
AGAINST BEING COPIED," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Thomas Moss, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly.
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Moss, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of paper
and prinking ink suitable for bank notes, bills of exchange, and other docu-
ments requiring like security against being copied. For these purposes in
manufacturing paper I combine with the pulp the coloring matter I may
desire, such as yellow, red, brown, green, or others; and I use with or in the
preparation or production of such colors, burned china or other clay, oxide of
chromium or sulphur, so that the paper when made will have diffused through
it one or more of such substances, or these matters or some of them may, with-
out other coloring matter, be combined with the pulp, and the paper made there-
from may afterwards be stained or dyed, or printed with any desired color.
By using paper so manufactured for bank notes, bills of exchange, and other
documents, greater security is obtained against such documents being copied
by photography or other processes, from the circumstance that if any attempt
be made by chemical means to dismiss or remove the body color of the paper,
or any part of the printed or written matter thereon, the chemical agents used
will so materially damage the note or document as to prevent it being copied
or negociated.
In carrying out this part of my Invention I would state that a small quantity
of burned clay introduced into the paper, so long as it is intimately blended
throughout, will havo the desired effect of preventing chemical agents being
used to dismiss the coloring matters used to give color to the paper. And
such is the case when using calcined oxide of chromium, and also when using
brimstone.
In the manufacture of printing ink to be used for like purposes, I employ
burnt china or other clay and sulphur; one or more of which substances are

page_text: ground up with suitable drying oils or varnishes, with or without other
coloring matters, according as such printing inks are to be used as a surface to
be printed over with other inks or otherwise.
In some cases in place of employing an ink such as above described, it is
convenient to print the note or document with varnish or oil, with or with-
out coloring matter, and afterwards to dust over it powdered and burnt china
or other clay, oxide of chromium, or sulphur.
For these purposes I grind such matters or one of them with suitable
drying oils or varnishes in the manner of making printing ink, I mix with
the same such additional coloring matters as will obtain to the ink the color
desired. By employing these matters or some of them in the preparation of
the ink used for printing bank notes and other like securities, it will be found
that neither the printing nor the color of the printing, can be removed without
such injury to the note or other like security by the chemicals employed, as
will prevent the note or security being copied and afterwards negociated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Moss, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.