matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING ORNAMENTAL FABRICS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Rule at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th March
1869.
I, ROBERT RULE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING ORNAMENTAL FABRICS," to be as follows, that
is to say:-
This Invention relates to certain novel ornamental fabrics suitable for
ladies' skirts, dresses, and the like, and in carrying it into effect a
fabric is produced with stripes upon it at intervals, and running longi-
tudinally or transversely, or with stripes running in both directions.
The Invention consists in weaving the fabric in such a way that the
stripes appear to be of a texture or material quite different from that of
the remainder or ground of the fabric, and this is done by making the
cloth "double" at the stripes. The stripes are woven with figures
produced by jacquard apparatus, and well-known weaving expedients
are employed for increasing the contrast between the stripes and the

page_text: ground, such as, for example, the making of the threads which appear
on the surface of different colors or materials. The weaving of
"double" figured fabrics is well understood, and in practising the
present Invention it is simply necessary to confine the "double cloth "
weaving action to the parts intended for the stripes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING OIL, AND FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CAKE FROM THE RESIDUE THEREOF
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Atkinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
October 1869.
I, THOMAS ATKINSON, of Hull, in the County of York, Oil Miller,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EXPRESSING OIL, AND FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF CAKE FROM THE RESIDUE THEREOF," to be as follows:-
Heretofore oil has been expressed from seeds by being placed in
woollen bags during the manufacture of cake, and considerable expense
is incurred in the cost of bags for this purpose as well as in the cost of
"hairs" used to cover them.
Now one of the objects of my Invention is to dispense with the use
of bags and "hairs "altogether, and to substitute therefor the machinery
or apparatus about to be described, and wherein my Invention consists.
I make a frame or what I term a rim of by preference the shape or.
form of the press box, and which is usually of an elongated conical form,
and this form I prefer to adhere to. The rim is open at top and bottom.
I form the bottom of a loose plate, which is supported in the rim, by
guides and rests at bottom on studs or projections. The edges of the

page_text: loose bottom are surrounded by a frame hinged to the smaller end of
the bottom, and when brought down the edges are nearly but not quite
flush with the bottom itself, but this frame is capable of being raised
without the bottom, the latter being held by studs proceeding from the
frame. The bottom is covered with "bagging" or not as desired, and is
corrugated or ribbed or not as practice may dictate, and it is sometimes
perforated. The larger end of the frame is provided with a flap door,
which is kept up by a cross bar or by other suitable means. To use the
apparatus I place the bottom in the frame, fill up with seed, carefully
level the surface thereof, and insert the apparatus in the press box. The
pressure being applied in the usual way the oil is expressed and the
cake formed, the frame is then removed from the press box, the door in
the frame is opened, a spring or springs forces or force the studs into
sockets in the bottom, or vice versa, to hold the same in position, the
rim is then lifted and with it the cake.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND WORKING VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
July 1869.
I, THOMAS WILSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND WORKING VELOCIPEDES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention has reference especially to three-wheel velocipedes, but
may also be applied to four-wheel velocipedes, a portion of my Invention
may also be applied to two-wheel velocipedes.
My Invention consists in constructing and working the said velocipedes
in the manner herein-after explained.
According to one part of my Invention I make the axle of the pro-
pelling wheels of the velocipede in the form of a double crank or winch,
the said double crank or winch being operated directly by the hands of
the person seated on the velocipede. The said propelling wheels are
made fast upon the ends of the axle, and the said wheels are made of

page_text: larger diameter than usual, whereby great speed in the velocipede can be
obtained.
According to another part of my Invention I give motion to the crank
or cranks of the axle or axles of the propelling wheels of the velocipede
by means of a rocking frame, the said rocking frame being connected to
the said crank or cranks by means of side rods, that is, I connect one
end of the said side rods with the rocking frame, and the other end with
the crank or cranks of the axle or axles of the propelling wheels. The
rocking frame by being moved backwards and forwards by the hands of
the person seated on the velocipede the propelling wheels of the
velocipede are driven with great power. The rocking frame and side
rods described may be arranged for the combined power of two or more
persons to propel the velocipede, and the side rods may be connected to
the axle of and made to work either outside or inside the propelling
wheels. The guide wheel in this arrangement may be directed by the
feet, or the said guide wheel may be operated by the hands in the
ordinary way.
Another part of my Invention consists in constructing the wheels of
two, three, or four wheel velocipedes in the following manner :-I first
form of one piece the rim of the wheel; I next bore shallow recesses in
the inner side of the said rim at such distances apart as may be required
by the number of spokes the wheel is intended to have; I form the
spokes by preference tubular, and fit their outer ends in the recesses
described, and fit their inner ends in recesses in the boss of the wheel;
I make the said boss in halves, and so construct them that when the
said arms are secured together they grip or encircle tightly the inner
ends of the spokes and fix them in the boss. The halves of the boss are
held firmly together by screw pins and nuts. The wheel is then complete
and ready to be fitted to its axle.
A NEW AND IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FASTENING THE KNOTS OF NECKTIES AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th March 1869.-A communication from Fritz Spottnagel,
residing at Rue du Sentier, Paris, Merchant.
I, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 10,
Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FASTENING THE KNOTS OF NECKTIES AND OTHER
ANALOGOUS ARTICLES," a communication from Fritz Spottnagel, a person
resident at Rue du Sentier, Paris, aforesaid, Merchant, to be as follows:-
The Invention communicated to me relates to a little apparatus for
fastening to the button of the shirt collar the knots imitating the false
neckties actually in use, and which may be applied to other similar
This apparatus consists in a little metal or other plate of any
convenient form, on which the article is sewn or otherwise fixed, and at

page_text: the centre of which exists a slight swelling wherein lodges the button,
and which is furnished with a little slot through which passes the rod
or the threads fixing the button to the shirt collar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEATING ENGINES EMPLOYED IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wyatt Reid at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
July1869.
I, JOHN WYATT REID, of No. 40, Great Western Terrace, Bayswater,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEATING ENGINES EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to beating and "poaching" engines employed
in treating half-stuff for the manufacture of paper. I combine with a
beating engine or "poaching" engine of the ordinary construction an air-
tight cover with suitable apertures which may be opened to charge or
prove the engine; these covers are made air-tight by means of india-
rubber or other suitable packing. I also apply to the said engine a double
metallic bottom or a set of pipes, into which steam or other suitable
medium for the purpose of heating the half-stuff may be introduced
through a valve or cock; this bottom is also provided with a pipe for
the escape of the condensed steam, and extending through it is a
passage covered with a valve for discharging the contents of the engine.
At the sides of the engine I introduce one or more stirrers through the

page_text: cover, which stirrers may be moved backward or forward, upward, down-
ward, or from side to side, by means of a ball-and-socket joint. Through
the centre of the ball of the said joint the rod of the stirrer moves back and
forth in a stuffing box, so that no difficulty is encountered in moving the
stuff or in washing out. The object, of the above-described arrangement
is to prevent the escape of the gas, which is the true bleaching agent.
The ordinary cover of the knife roll being replaced by my improved
cover, wherein the gas lies, the action of the roll will continually throw
up the stuff into this gas, and thus the whole bleaching properties of
the chloride of lime will be utilized, whereas hitherto the most valuable
portion has been allowed to escape into the atmosphere, filling the
engine room with deleterious gas, which being thus wasted occasioned
great pecuniary loss and was also highly injurious to the operatives.
When sulphuric acid is used in the engine or when steam is blown into
the half-stuff the double bottom will not be required. When the stuff is
heated by means of the double bottom or steam the acid may be
dispensed with. In altering old engines to this plan the double
bottom may be put in in segments so as not to disturb the engine frame.
The journals of the roll (and of the drum washer if one is used) must be
made air-tight with india-rubber sleeves or metallic slides.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF EFFECTING THE MORE PERFECT ADJUSTMENT OF MEN'S WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Samuel Freeman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th November 1869.
I, HENRY SAMUEL FREEMAN, of No. 48, Fenchurch Street, in the
City of London, Outfitter, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF EFFECTING THE MORE PERFECT
ADJUSTMENT OF MEN'S WEARING APPAREL," to be as follows:-
Considerable inconvenience and discomfort frequently arise from the
vest "rucking up," as it is called, and from the trousers getting out of
shape and fit in front, and this particularly happens when sitting
down.
The object of my Invention is to improve the fit and comfort of
trousers and vests by means of a connection of india-rubber or other
suitable elastic material fastened to the inside part of the front of the
vest and the front of the band of the trousers, and amongst other
modes I propose to carry out the said Invention as follows, that is
to say:-
1st. By means of an elastic strap having a hole at each end, one end

page_text: of which is attached to a button on the inside of the vest and the other
to the trousers, as above stated; or,
2ndly. By means of a tab attached to the vest, and having a hole
to fasten on to a button or stud fixed to the trousers, as above stated;
or,
3rdly. By means of a tab attached to the trousers having a hole to
fasten to a button or stud on the inside part of the vest; or,
4thly. By means of a tab attached to the vest and another tab attached
to the trousers, each having a hole, through both of which holes a stud
or other similar fastening is placed, thus connecting the trousers and
vest together.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL FROM CASTOR AND OTHER OLEAGINOUS SEEDS OR BERRIES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Anguish Honour Augustus
Durant at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 15th January 1869.
I, ANGUISH HONOUR AUGUSTUS DURANT, of No. 8, Avenue Road,
Shepherds Bush, in the County of Middlesex, late Captain in Her
Majesty's Service, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL FROM CASTOR AND OTHER
OLEAGINOUS SEEDS OR BERRIES," to be as follows:-
In the first place I winnow or remove the husk of the seeds or
berries by the percussive force of blades or fans thereon, such blades
or fans having a rotary action communicated by steam or other power
for the purpose. The seeds or berries fall through sieves or fenders,
so that the blades or fans strike them in their descont with sufficient
force to break the husk or shell, and I afterwards remove the albumen
or mucus from the husked seeds by boiling them in water or immersing
them in hot or cold water and agitating them therein for a sufficient
time, but I prefer to use boiling or hot water, and in some case I

page_text: add about ten per cent. of nitric, sulphuric, or other suitable acid to,
the water for the last-mentioned purpose. The seeds or berries thus
husked and cleansed are then crushed and the oil expressed therefrom
in the ordinary way.
IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING MILLSTONES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Shaw and John
Matthew Audus at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th November 1869.
We, WILLIAM HENRY SHAW and JoHN MATTHEW AUDUS, of Elland,
near Halifax, in the County of York, Corn Millers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR DRESSING MILLSTONES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a suitable bed or frame temporarily
applied to a millstone, upon which a carriage is mounted so as to
slide or move in a true plane parallel with and in right lines over
the surface of the said stone, and motion is given thereto by means
of cog wheels working in racks on the frame. At right angles to
the line of motion of the carriage is a shaft, on which is carried an
excentric capable of sliding laterally thereon by means of one or
more screws; this excentric gives motion by a connecting rod to a
slide bar, to which is attached an arm suitably formed to receive

page_text: and hold an ordinary mill chisel. Motion is given to the carriage
and to the slide bar simultaneously, thence whilst the carriage is
travelling over the stone the chisel is reciprocating and cutting its
surface as required.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF WRAPPERS OR ENVELOPES USED IN HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PRESSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hassell Nutt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th October 1869.
I, JOSEPH HASSELL NUTT, of the Town and County of the Town of
Kingston-upon-Hull, Bagging Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF WRAPPERS
OR ENVELOPES USED IN HYDRAULIC AND OTHER PRESSES," to be as follows:-
The wrappers or envelopes usually employed in oil presses for con-
taining the seed from which the oil is expressed are ordinarily made of
horsehair, which is an expensive article to manufacture into the thick
heavy cloth required.
Now the object of the present Invention is to reduce the cost of the
manufacture of wrappers or envelopes, and this I propose to do by
forming them of Manilla hemp, which is a material that I find well
adapted for the purpose.
In carrying out the Invention the Manilla fibres are first spun into a
loose yarn, and the yarn is doubled and afterwards twisted up into cord
or twine. This hemp cord is laid over or plaited round iron pins after

page_text: the manner of wickerwork to the shape required. The fabric thus
formed is pressed to give it firmness and solidity, and to complete it
the iron pins are drawn out and strong Manilla ropes are drawn laterally
through the openings left by the wires to form the weft of the fabric
and hold the plaits together. The completion of the fabric is effected
by binding its edges with strong Manilla rope and thus producing a
kind of selvage. The fabric is then fixed in a folded leather cover
provided with a handle at back for the convenience of drawing the
wrapper or envelope out of the box of the press.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS FOR GENERAL PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Duckworth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th July 1869.
I, WILLIAM DUCKWORTH, the younger, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS FOR GENERAL PURPOSES," to be as follows (that
is to say):
This Invention relates to the ordinary faucit tap, and the improve-
ments consists in so fitting the lever or cross head by which the faucit
plug of the tap is turned, in such a manner that the faucit always
turns in one direction only on either opening or closing the tap, by
which operation it has been found that taps so fitted last much longer
and are not liable to leak like those where the faucit has a reciprocating
motion as now used. These improvements may be carried out in
several ways.
To apply the Invention to, say, a common tap for drawing off hot
water or steam or other like purposes, fit to the top of the faucit plug
a small horizontal disc or wheel the upper surface of which is formed

page_text: with two inclined planes which are in a line with the port opening in
the faucit. Above the disc is mounted a short horizontal lever handle
which is provided on its inner end with a collar or garter which
encompasses the head of the faucit plug, and is free to turn thereon
and is kept in position by a screw cap nut. The shank of the hand
lever is fitted with a small vertical metal stud or bolt pin working
loosely up and down through a hole in the handle immediately above
the disc.
By the foregoing arrangements it will be seen that on turning the
handle, say, from right to left, the loose bolt pin coming against the
projection formed by the inclined plain will carry round the disc and
faucit plug when a quarter of a revolution is made, the tap will be open
and on another quarter of a revolution being made in the same direction
it will be closed when the handle can be returned to its former position
without moving the faucit plug, the loose bolt pin sliding up the
inclined plain until it falls on to the next and so on. In place of the
loose bolt pin described a disc with inclined plains coinciding with the
one on the faucit may be used attached rigidly to the operating handle,
in which case the handle and its ratchet disc will require a little vertical
play on the faucit spindle, and if desired may be fitted with a spring to
keep it down, or a perfect and continuous rotation of the faucit may
be accomplished by a ratchet brace motion, or a paul and a toothed
wheel; but it is preferred to use the disc with two inclined plains and
the loose bolt pin herein-before first described.
When taps constructed according to this Invention are placed so that
the faucit is not vertical, then it would be requisite to apply a small
spring to the locking bolt.
In- PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by Clinton Edgcumbe Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 25th January 1869.-A communication from abroad by
Felix Dehaynin, of Paris, France..
I, OLINTON EDGCUMBE BROOMAN, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman,
and Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS OR VALVES," to be as follows:-
In cocks and valves of the ordinary construction the fluids in their
passage impinge against the metal of which the cock is composed, after
a time corrosion takes place, the cock deteriorates, and leakage ensues.
In the case of cocks through which acids pass the action of the acid
upon the metal prevents a hermetic joint being retained for any length
of time.
Now in order to obviate the objections above mentioned this Invention
has for its object that the fluid or acid shall not come in contact with
the metal of which the cock is composed in its passage through it..

page_text: The cock or valve according to the present Invention consists of a
cylindrical or other shaped case or box either of metal, wood, porcelain,
or other material, formed at one end or both ends with a flange, to which
flange the end of a flexible pipe through which the fluid is free to
pass is secured. One end of another flexible pipe is also connected to
the flange of the cylinder; this pipe forms a continuation of the first-
mentioned pipe. The cylindrical case is furnished with a threaded rod
which passes through it; the inner end of the rod has a plate fitted to it
which when raised enters an aperture or chamber in the case, the other
end carries a handle or small wheel by which it may be turned. The
plate on the inner end of the threaded rod is caused to press when the
handle is turned upon that portion of the pipe which passes through the
cylindrical case, whereby the pipe is compressed and the flow of fluid
regulated or entirely stopped.
The cylindrical case may be constructed in one piece or in two pieces,
in which case they may be bolted or joined together in any suitable
manner.
I
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROOPS AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Riley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th June
1869.
I, JAMES RILEY, of Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROOPS AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing roofs and other parts of
buildings of corrugated zinc or corrugated galvanized iron, so that light-
ness both in weight and appearance will be combined with great strength
and economy.
In one form of my improved roof the corrugated metal is fixed to
angle irons placed at suitable distances apart by screwed hooks or other
suitable means, one end of which said hooks clips the angle iron, while
the other end passes through the space between the corrugations, and is
secured therein by a nut or otherwise, and where a wooden purling is
used the metal is secured thereto by galvanized or other wood screws.
passing through the part of a circle formed by the corrugations.

page_text: In forming a lining to an arch or bridge the angle iron to which the
corrugated metal is fixed as above stated is secured to the girders by
clips of any convenient form; or where girders are not used wedges are
driven into the brickwork and the clips secured thereto.
For a flat roof the zinc or galvanized iron or other metal is placed in
the form of slabs on the flat and secured thereto by clips only, no screws
or other means being used, so that the metal is free to expand or con-
tract according as it is acted upon by the temperature of the atmosphere
or other causes, the clips themselves being fixed by the wood roll, having
a roll cap passing over it without being secured thereto.
My Invention is applicable to the sides or walls of sheds and other
buildings as well as to roofs, and the corrugations may be either. in a
concave or convex position, the metal in both cases being secured to the
supports in the same or in a similar manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIRS FOR SUP- PORTING THE RAILS OF RAIL AND TRAMWAYS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Martin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
November 1869.
I, STEPHEN MARTIN, of the Firm of Stephen Martin, junior, and
Company, of Clarence Works, Sheffield, in the County of York, Iron
Merchants and Steel Converters, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIRS FOR SUP-
PORTING THE RAILS OF RAIL AND TRAMWAYS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to suspend double-headed rails in their
chairs or other supports in which they may be fitted in order to keep the
faces of the undermost heads from coming in contact with the bottoms
of the chairs and producing indentations or impressions thereon when the
pressure is put upon them by the weight of passing trains.
The Invention consists in making the inner surfaces of both wings of
each chair of a shape or form corresponding to the contour of the web,
and one head of the rail to be fitted in it with the exception of the
bottom of the chair which is made slightly larger than the rail head
so that the head does not rest upon it when secured in the chair. I form

page_text: a notch or recess in one wing for the insertion of a wedge or key which
when driven home presses against the rail and holds it firmly in place.
The tops of the wings are shaped to suit the under sides of the rail
head to enable the head to rest upon them as on a bed.
Ix- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Preston at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
November 1869.
I, FRANCIS PRESTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Ix-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, TWISTING,
AND DOUBLING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention is chiefly applicable to machines for preparing, spinning,
twisting, and doubling in which dead spindles and revolving tubes are
employed.
The first part consists in driving the said tubes by gearing in lieu of
driving bands or friction discs as heretofore. In this case I make the
pinion of vulcanite, wood, papier maché, or other suitable material, and
secure it by screw or otherwise to the tube, or the pinion may be cast
with the tube. The bobbin fits on the tube in the usual manner.
The second part consists in making the boss of the driving wheel of
metal and the teeth of wood, vulcanite, or papier maché, and securing
the same together by means of screws or otherwise.

page_text: The third part is applicable to bobbins which rotate positively at the
same speed as the tube. In this case the bobbin rests upon a metal
washer, to which is attached a spring acting on the tube or pinion by
which the required adhesion is obtained, or the washer may be made to
give sufficient friction so, as to act without a spring. The object of this
arrangement is to be enabled to stop the bobbin for piecing up the ends
without displacing the bobbin or stopping the tube.
The fourth part consists in making the body of bobbins and spools of
gutta percha, or vulcanite, or papier maché, or similar suitable com-.
pounds, and the ends of metal, as described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to me on the 25th August 1857, No. 2242.;, also in
making the body of bobbins and spools of sheet steel or iron with a
jump joint without soldering or brazing. This mode I only use in com-
bination with the two rings or hoops which are soldered or brazed on the
ends. as described in the Specification of the above Patent..
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS AND IN THE MEANS OF SECURING THE SAME
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Marston at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
April 1869.
I, WILLIAM MARSTON, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester,
Engineer, Mechanist and Bolt Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLTS AND IN THE
MEANS OF SECURING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist, in the first place, in forming that end
of the bolt which usually slides into a staple or hole, or past a stop or
check plate, of a circular or inclined shape upon one side thereof, so that
when the shutter, or cupboard, chiffonier, wardrobe, sideboard, or other
door to which the bolt is secured is closed, the circular shaped or
inclined side of the bolt will be raised by the said circular or inclined
end sliding upon the sill or shelf until the bolt drops or falls into the hole
made for its reception; and, secondly, in forming a circular or inclined
shaped stud on a plate, in which plate a number of holes have been
made, through which screws are passed to secure the said plate to the
sill or shelf, so that by merely closing the door to which the bolt is

page_text: applied the bolt will slide up, the oircular or inclined stud pass over it,
and fall of its own weight, and thus become secure until it is released
by the hand. These bolts may be used in barrel bolts, neck bolts, and
for a variety of other purposes.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN GLOVES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Jugla at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
November 1869.
I, ALFRED JUGLA, of Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex,
5 Glove Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN GLOVES," to be as follows :-
My Invention relates to an improved mode of shaping or cutting out
the several pieces composing a kid or other leather glove by which
the number of separate pieces forming the glove may be reduced.
In order that my Invention may be more casily understood I have
shown in the accompanying Drawings the improved pattern or pieces
required to form a glove according to my Invention.
Figure 1 shows the principal piece of the glove; Figures 2 and 3
being the picces required to form the insides of the second and third
fingers respectively; while Figure 4 is a view of the finished glove
showing the position of the seams.
In carrying out my Invention I form the glove with a central
seam extending from between the second and third fingers along the

page_text: palm of the glove, the ordinary side seam along the outer edge and
fourth finger being dispensed with, as well as the seams. along the
inside of the other fingers.
My Invention consists in prolonging the second and third finger
pieces on the inside at a, a, so. as. to. extend into, and form part of the
palm of the glove, which, is. shaped to correspond as shown at b, b. By
thus prolonging the inside pieces as above described I am enabled to
form the sides c, c', of the requisite length and shape at the root ends
of the fingers to enable each of the seams d, e, f, to. extend to the back
of the glove centrally between the roots. of the fingers as usual, so that
the appearance of the glove at the back will not be in any way altered.
The seams c, l, and may either be straight or curved to give the palm
of the glove a more or less. ornamental appearance..
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMENTATIONS Oz CHANDELIERS, LAMPS, LUSTRES, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Adolphus Biddell, of Edward Street,
Parade, Birmingham, Brass Founder and Electro Plater, and John
Redgrave, of Pershore Road, Birmingham, Gentleman, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND ORNAMENTATIONS Oz
CHANDELIERS, LAMPS, LUSTRES, AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 29th June 1869, and dated the 4th January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Adolphus
Biddell and John Redgrave at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 4th January 1869.
We, WILLIAM ADOLPHUS BIDDELL, of Edward Street, Parade, Bir-
mingham, Brass Founder and Electro Plater, and JOHN REDGRAVE, of
Pershore Road, Birmingham, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE AND OR-

page_text: NAMENTATIONS OF CHANDELIERS, LAMPS, LUSTRES, AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates, in the first place, to a new mode of forming or
ornamenting chandeliers, lamps, lustres, and other articles. This we
effect by attaching, either by fusion or by other suitable means, various
ornamental devices made of pressed glass, either plain, colored, or inlaid.
We produce our ornamental pressed glass suitable for this purpose by
coloring or inlaying the interior of the glass after being taken from the
moulds.
Our Invention consists, secondly, in ornamenting glass chandeliers, 1
lamps, lustres, and other articles by gilding, painting, staining, or
coloring the interior of the glass of which they are partly or wholly
formed, and afterwards fixing the colors by burning or fusion, whereby
we produce a permanent mosaic.
Our Invention consists, thirdly, in uniting pressed glass to clays, 1
cements, and other earthy materials, by inlaying, fusing, and cementing
after formation and coloring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Ogg at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
September 1869.
I, ALEXANDER OGG, of the Firm of Dryden and Comp., of Kinaston
Street, Oakley Street, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Printing
Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the adaptation of a self-acting mechanical
arrangement to printing machines for the purpose of removing the
printed paper from the printing machines in place of the present arrange-
ments by which such printed paper is either removed by hand or by
apparatus termed flyers. For the purpose of effecting this object I
employ a roller attached by brackets or otherwise to the frame of the
machine, over which roller the paper as it comes from the cylinders or
other parts of the machine is directed by tapes, and in connection with
this roller I employ a second roller which is adjustable so as to direct
the paper on to an inclined board or trough placed to receive the printed
sheets, and from which such printed sheets can be removed in bulk
as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Alexander Lyttle at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th July 1869.
I, WILLIAM ALEXANDER LYTTLE, of the Grove, Hammersmith, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS," to
be as follows:-
"
In the instrument known as the Morse ink writer or printer I
employ as the means by which to produce the requisite ink mark, either
"dash," a lever supported and moving like the inking lever
now used, and having its end furthest from the electro-magnet curved
into a hook. The point of this lever is split in the direction of the
lever like the point of a drawing pen, and the hook when not elevated by
the action of the electro-magnet rests immersed in the ink of the cistern.
In fact this hook is designed to take the place of the inking rollers
now used, and all the other arrangements of the Morse printer may be
allowed to remain unchanged except so far as they may be rendered
unnecessary, like the train of clockwork now employed for the special

page_text: purpose of keeping the inking roller in motion. The ink cistern may
be provided with a lid having in it openings only sufficient for the free
play of the pen hook, and by carrying a flange or split tube downwards
into the ink from the lid around the opening left for the play of the
hook point capillary attraction will operate to preserve a high level of
ink around the hook point even when the ink in the cistern has fallen
low.
In order to apply this inking arrangement to the recording of signals
sent by all instruments acting-like the single needle and the Bright's
bell telegraph by reversal of current, I modify the aforesaid printer as
follows: I employ two magnetized armatures so arranged as to polarity
and with separate pivot or other bearings that a current circulating
through the electro-magnet which will attract one will not attract the
other, and vice versa. To one of these armatures I attach a single
inking pen book, as herein-before described, and to the other armature
I attach similarly a forked arm carrying two or more of such pen hooks.
By these means an electric current in one direction is recorded by a
single mark on the Morse paper, whilst a current in the opposite
direction is recorded by two or more marks. When "dots" alone
.are required for recording reversed currents it is not absolutely necessary
that the points of the hooks should be split. Plain points will answer,
but the split point is preferable. At the armature ends of these double
current inking levers bells or other sounding media may be placed, so
that the instrument may be used as an acoustic telegraph. The levers
may also be made to act as a relay, working in the same manner as a
pair of ordinary reversing current transmitting keys.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERPROOFING FABRICS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE FOR THIS PURPOSE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Caleb David Watson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th August 1869.-A communication from abroad by Angelo Lué,
of Milan, in the Kingdom of Italy, Engineer.
I, CALEB DAVID WATSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERPROOFING FABRICS AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE FOR THIS PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in waterproofing
fabrics and in the manufacture of compositions suitable for this
purpose.
In order to manufacture compositions suitable for being used for
waterproofing fabrics 30 grains of gum arabic is first dissolved in 250
grains of water, to this is added 30 grains of the spirit of wine of
commerce, 300 grains of sulphate of alumina and of potash or of soda
is then to be ground in a mortar to a very fine powder, and to this. is
added little by little the gummy solution mentioned above, and the
whole is kneaded together and moulded into blocks or cakes ready for

page_text: To apply water repellant compositions, such as above described,
to fabrics to render them waterproof the composition is dissolved in
water. If the solution is to be used for treating woollen fabrics the
composition is dissolved in about 150 times its weight of water, if for
cottons in about 100 times its weight, and if for linens or silks in about
75 times its weight. To prepare the solution the balls or cakes of the
composition are dipped in the water and rubbed by the hands until they
are dissolved; the solution will then appear white as if soap were
dissolved in it. The solution is then well stirred and the fabrics are
dipped one or more times into it; they are then left to dry, and when dry
they will be to a great extent impervious to water, whilst at the same
time they will remain permeable to air.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Eberhard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th February 1869.
I, JEAN EBERHARD, of No. 17, Tolmer Square, Hampstead Road, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING SHIPS AND OTHER
VESSELS," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the construction and use of propelling
blades, which blades may be of rectangular, oval, or any convenient
shape, and may be of either plane or of curved, recessed, or dished
surfaces. At that part of the vessel where the propelling blade or blades
protrude a hole is formed or cut, and each hole thus formed is fitted with
a moveable filling piece hung vertically on pivots. Each moveable
filling piece is of the external form of a segment of a circle, so that
during the portion of the revolution which it is permitted to make it
exactly fits & fills the hole and makes a water-tight joint. Each
filling piece is also formed with a longitudinal slot of the size of the
propelling blade, so that the blade can pass in and out therethrough.

page_text: Each blade is bored out or recessed to receive the arms of a forked lever,
which lever is provided at its other end with a long slot in which is
fitted a moveable stud or guide piece. The stud or guide piece is
attached by rods or any suitable connection to a crank or double crank
fixed to or forming part of a vertical rod or shaft. By revolving the rod
or shaft, which may be effected by means of steam or other motive-power
engines, or in small craft by hand power, the propelling blade is, by the
arrangement just described, firstly impelled outwards at an angle to the
line of the vessel's motion, and then moves in the arc of the circle
prescribed by the form of the segmental filling piece. This movement,
which is the effective propelling movement, having been completed the
blade is withdrawn at the angle of least resistance to the vessel's forward
motion, again to make its outward stroke, propel, and return. Any
number of propellers that may be found convenient may be employed,
and they may be placed at any suitable part of the vessel, but I prefer
to place them deep in the water below the part usually occupied by the
paddle wheels. Eccentrics may be substituted for the cranks to give the
requisite motion to the slotted arm.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF JOINING OR CONNECTING PIPES AND TUBES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Evans at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
October 1869.
I, ALBERT EVANS, of Grimsbury, in the County of Northampton,
Horticultural Engineer and Hot Water Apparatus Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
JOINING OR CONNECTING PIPES AND TUBES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements whereby pipes and
tubes can be advantageously and effectually joined or connected. At
each end of the pipes or tubes to be joined or connected is placed a
triangular flange, the same being grooved or otherwise, and which
flanges are forged or shrunk on the pipes or tubes to which they are
applied. In order to join or connect the pipes or tubes a gasket or
other packing is placed between the flange faces thereof, and which are
then drawn together by means of two or more clips constructed either of
wrought or cast iron, brass, or other suitable metal, and with concave
triangular channels therein. The clips are drawn into position by iron
or other bolts.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN HORSE RAKES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Boon Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th July
1869.
I, HENRY BOON CLARK, of Hyde Hall, Buntingford, in the County of
Herts, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HORSE RAKES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in horse rakes. As
horse rakes are at present constructed the material collected by the tines
or teeth is caused to be dropped at intervals by raising the said tines or
teeth by manual labor.
By my Invention I obtain a self-acting delivery at one side of the
implement in a continuous swathe. For this purpose I mount the tines
or teeth on an axis, on which they turn in rising and falling to the
inequalities of the land, but in place of arranging this axis as heretofore
at right angles to the direction in which the machine travels, I arrange
it in an inclined position to that the tines or teeth may stand one behind
the other from one side to the other of the machine. I also provide each
tine or tooth with a collecting plate, into which the material collected by
the point of the tine or tooth passes. The collecting plates are also

page_text: set in an inclined position, and the collecting plate of one tine or tooth
overlaps the tine or tooth next behind, and so on throughout the series.
The material collected is by this arrangement caused to be delivered
from tooth to tooth until the last tooth leaves it as a swathe on the
land at the side of the course over which the implement has travelled.
In order that the points of the tines or teeth may not touch the land, but
be carried just above its surface, I form a suitable projection on each
tine or tooth just in rear of the point to take a bearing on the land.
The delivery of the crop may be assisted by an endless chain or band
carrying teeth; such chain or band, being driven from the carrying
wheel or other similar instrument, may be used to assist the material
in passing from one tine or tooth to the other down the incline.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES FOR STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Sawyer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
September 1869.
I, JOSEPH SAWYER, of No. 63, Alma Street, New North Road,
London, N., in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF FURNACES FOR STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to furnaces generally, and I propose to con-
struct them of round, oval, or square tubes made of wrought iron or
steel. The tubes are fixed longitudinal or cross sectional as the shape
of the boiler may require. The tubes are screwd or riveted to a hollow
wrought-iron bridge at the back or far end of the furnace; they are also
screwed or riveted to a wrought-iron dead plate at the front end of the
furnace. The said hollow bridge and dead plate are connected to the
boiler by means of tubes or pipes forming an inlet and also an outlet.
By this arrangement the water is supplied from the boiler to the tubes
which forms the furnace or fire-grate whereon the coals or fuel is placed.
The air passages between each tube forming the furnace will be in
proportion to the quantity of air required to combust the fuel; to gain

page_text: the full force of the fire I shall fix the before-named bridge at the
required distance from the front of boiler, and instead of directing the
draught of the furnace over the top of the said bridge I shall convey
the draught under the lower part or bottom of bridge, causing the whole
of the gases to pass through the bright fire, there to be consumed, and by
the application of a valve box fitted with air tubes and fixed on the front
of the boiler or within the furnace direct over the fire; or I may pass
the air through a box attached to the fire-door fitted with a slide or
valve to regulate the amount of air to the furnace so as to produce as
near as possible a perfect combustion of the fuel. I close the ash-pit
of the furnace air-tight in the front, fitted with a slide or valve to act as
a damper when steam is not required, and at the far or back end of the
ash-pit I make an opening of sufficient breadth, depth, and length as
the various furnaces may require their draught. In this opening, either
above or below or at the required distance from the said opening I fix
a series of tubes or pipes in an horizontal or a vertical position to receive
the heat from the fire before passing off into the flues; these tubes or
pipes are connected to the said boiler at one end to form an inlet, and
the other end for an outlet, to admit of the water from the boiler flowing
through the tubes or pipes by the action of the fire and the combined
heat of the furnace. In some furnaces I may use the tubes only, dis-
pensing with the hollow bridge and dead plate, carrying the draught of
the furnace over the tubes, or I shall conduct it through side flues
constructed either below or above the fire contained in such furnaces,
as herein described.