IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arnold Budenberg, of the Firm of Schäffer and
Budenberg, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS."-A communication
from abroad by Carl Mund, of Stephansbrücke, No. 15, Magdeburg,
in the Kingdom of Prussia, Engineer.
Sealed the 26th June 1868, and dated the 11th January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arnold Budenberg at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th January 1868.
I, ARNOLD BUDENBERG, of the Firm of Schäffer and Budenberg, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM HAMMERS," (a com-
munication,) to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to avoid injury to the piston and piston
rod by the violent, vibration or concussion produced at the instant of the
hammer head effecting its blow. For this purpose, whilst the steam may
act in a cylinder direct on the ram or plunger forming the striking

page_text: weight to which the hammer head or striking face is attached for
effecting the blow the ram with the hammer head or face is lifted by
the steam acting on a piston in a separate cylinder, and the piston rod
of this piston is connected to the ram by a kind of ball joint or
joint admitting of play, and india-rubber or other elastic substance in
the connecting parts may be applied to reduce the force of the shock.
The end of the ram acted on by the steam is made tight by packing
or otherwise. The passages for the steam to act on the ram or plunger
for the blow, and on the piston for the lift, are connected by lever and
links to be worked together.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arnold Budenberg in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARNOLD
BUDENBERG, of the Firm of Schäffer and Budenberg, of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-first
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Arnold Budenberg, Her special licence that I,
the said Arnold Budenberg, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Arnold Budenberg, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM HAMMERS," communicated to me from abroad by Carl Mund, of
Stephansbrücke, No. 15, Magdeberg, in the Kingdom of Prussia,,
Engineer, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Arnold
Budenberg, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
:

page_text: filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arnold Budenberg, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of the Invention is to avoid injury to the piston and
piston rod by the violent vibration or concussion produced at the
instant of the hammer head effecting its blow.
For this purpose
whilst the steam may act in a cylinder direct on the ram or plunger,
forming the striking weight to which the hammer head or striking
face is attached for effecting the blow, the ram with the hammer head
-or face is lifted by the steam acting on a piston in a separate cylinder,
and the piston rod of this piston is connected to the ram by a kind
of ball joint or joint admitting of play. India-rubber or other elastic
substance is applied in the connecting parts to reduce the force of the
shock. The end of the ram acted on by the steam is made tight by
packing or otherwise. The passages for the steam to act on the ram
or plunger for the blow, and on the piston for the lift, are connected
by lever and links to be worked together.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will, by the aid
of the accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe means as com-
municated to me for carrying the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a front view, partly in section, of a steam hammer
arranged according to the improvements.
a, a, are the standards or main framing of the hammer carrying
the cylinders A and B. The cylinder A is adapted to receive the ram
or plunger C carrying the striking weight or hammer C', whilst the
cylinder B is fitted with a piston B', the piston rod B³ of which passes
down through the stuffing boxes b and c to the ram or plunger Ċ to
which it is connected, the connection of the rod B with the ram
or plunger being obtained by that rod having an enlargement B*
formed on its lower end, which enlargement is received into a suitable
recess formed for it as shown in the plunger C, and in which it is held
by means of the plate C³, which is formed with a hole for the passage
and play of the rod B³, an arrangement which admits of play to the parts

page_text: if needed similar to that of a ball joint. India-rubber or other elastic
packing is applied under the enlargement B³ in the recess formed
for it in the plunger C, to receive the thrust of the piston rod and avoid
injury to the piston or piston rod from the violent vibration or concussion
produced when the hammer head is effecting its blow; the plunger C is
prevented from turning in the cylinder A by guides. The upper part of
the rim or plunger is made steam-tight by means of suitable packing C
or otherwise. Supposing, as shown by the Drawing, the hammer head C¹
'is at rest on the anvil block d, and that the admission slide D of the
"small cylinder B is open so that steam may enter under the small
piston B' to lift the ram or plunger C, that plunger in rising will bring
the projection C³ on the ram C in contact with a truck or bowl
carried by one end of the lever L, and by causing that lever to turn
on its axis L' effect the reversal of the position of the levers and parts
acted thereon, so that the steam which had passed on to the under side
of the piston B¹ may now escape into the atmosphere, and steam will
*then pass
into the cylinder A by the valves D', E', to act on the upper
side of the piston or plunger according to the strength of blow required.
After the blow the levers are brought back to their original position
by the spring X, or if the hammer should not be required to work self-
acting a lever or other handle may be used instead of the spring. The
break U is applied for regulating the blow of the hammer. A groove R
is provided in the cylinder A for receiving the water accumulating by
the condensation of the steam and the discharge of it into the open
air. The ram for this purpose is recessed, as shown in the Drawing,
.at a proper distance from the packing rings C*.
Another arrangement of valves and parts connected therewith is
shown in Figures 2 and 3 of the Drawings, consisting in a discharge
or equilibrium slide valve applicable particularly for. steam hammers of
large size. The slide A¹ is connected by means of the screw bolt C
and the nuts E and F with the plate B in such manner that the distance
between A and B can be altered by the nuts. The interior of the
,.slide A¹ communicates with the atmosphere by means of, the opening O
of the cover of the encased slide valve. The atmosphere likewise enters
into the interior or space formed by the plate B, spring plate G, and
slide A by an opening which is bored lengthway through the screw
bolt C. The above-mentioned pieces form in their combination the
slide valve. The two frames S and S¹ are connected to the sliding rods
which are connected together, by the bar T; the slides A and A¹ are

page_text: pressed against the faces on which they slide by the pressure of the
condensing steam or gases, and also by the atmospheric pressure which
exists in the interior of the casing formed by the parts A, B, and G, but
this pressure is counteracted by the pressure which exists on the outside
surfaces of the spring plate G and by the pressure which exists on the
hollow sides of the slides. The dimensions of the surfaces on which
the pressure acts can be so regulated that the pressure is entirely
counterbalanced on both sides of the slides, or an excess of pressure
may be created on either side of the slides. The distinction in this
principle of action over other equilibrium valves consists in the arrange-
ment by which the plate G admits of deflection between the slides and
their faces. The nut F is arranged to be operated upon from the outside
by a screw key. Although the slides A and A' are moveable against
each other by the spring plate this movement does not take place during
the sliding motion of the valve if the sliding surfaces are parallel to each
other. The interior of the casing A, B, and G, might be closed entirely
and arranged to contain air of a certain pressure and the opening O also
dispensed with; but the arrangement as above described is applied by
preference, as it allows of controlling the perfect closing of the slide A'
and the regulation of the nuts E and F without opening the casing of
the sliding valve.
Having thus described the Invention, as communicated to me, I would
have it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise arrange-
ment of parts as shown and described as the same may be varied; but
what I do claim is,―
First. The adaptation or combination of means whereby two cylinders
are arranged to act in steam hammers, substantially as explained.
Secondly. I claim the application to steam hammers of discharge and
equilibrium valves acting substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arnold Budenberg, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.