IMPROVE- MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE EVAPORATION OF SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Paterson, of the Middle Temple, in the
County of Middlesex, Barrister-at-Law, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE EVAPORATION OF
SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS." A communication from abroad, by George
Alexander Drummond. residing at Montreal, Canada East.
-
Sealed the 15th August 1862, and dated the 20th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Paterson-at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th February 1862.
I, JAMES PATERSON, of the Middle Temple, in the County of Middlesex,
Barrister-at-Law, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE EVAPORATION OF
SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS," communicated to me from abroad, by George Alexander
.Drummond, a person resident at Montreal, Canada East, to be as follows:-
The object of the improvements is to facilitate a rapid evaporation of the
solutions under treatment, or the evaporation of them at a lower temperature.

page_text: For this purpose revolving discs, travelling belts, or other suitable surfaces
adapted to take up and freely expose such solutions are employed in combi-
nation with vacuum in the evaporating pans. Revolving screws in combination
with suitably formed stationary surfaces in the pans and diaphragms to enclose
the screws are also applied as a means of keeping up a constant motion
amongst the solution in vacuum pans to promote the liberation of the vapour.
These vacuum pans are formed with their sides gradually widening to the
highest point of the fluid therein to give an extended surface thereto, and
facilitate the more easy escape of the vapour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Paterson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, JAMES
PATERSON, of the Middle Temple, in the County of Middlesex, Barrister-at-
Law, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent' Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Paterson, Her special licence that I, the said James
Paterson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Paterson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE EVAPORATION OF SACCHARINE
SOLUTIONS," communicated to me from abroad by George Alexander Drummond,
a person resident at Montreal, Canada East, upon the condition. (amongst
others) that I, the said James Paterson, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: | NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Paterson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be.
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
The object of the improvements is to facilitate a rapid evaporation of the
solutions under treatment, or the evaporation of them at a lower temperature.
For this purpose I form the pans, which are such as are commonly called
vacuum pans, with their sides or side surfaces gradually inclining outwards, or
widening to the highest point occupied by the fluid placed therein for evapo-
ration in order to give an extended surface to the fluid, and facilitate the more
easy escape of the vapour. Within such vessel I apply revolving discs, tra-
velling belts, or other suitable surfaces supported so that some part thereof
may be constantly in the solution under operation, and by the motion given
thereto take up some of such solution above the liquid portion thereof into the
vaporous portion, thereby more freely exposing such solution to facilitate the
separation and drawing or flowing off therefrom of the vaporous particles
thereof. I also apply to such pans, and immersed in the fluid contained
therein, propellers or stirrers, which may be of the form of screws, with vanes,
such as are used for propelling vessels, such screws being applied to and
revolving with a shaft, which is supported at its lower part in a suitable step
or bearing in the pan, and at its upper part passes through a stuffing box in-
the upper portion of the pan to receive motion from a steam engine or other
suitable power. In connection with such propeller I apply above or in part
to surround it in the fluid under operation, a stationary cylindrical or some-
what funnel-shaped tube, or channel, or other suitable conductor adapted
whilst the propeller is in motion to facilitate the constant motion of the solu-
tion to the propeller in one direction, and from the propeller in another
direction, and thereby keep up a constant motion amongst the parts of such
solution to promote the liberation of the vapour therefrom. I also form the
lower part of the pan surrounding the bottom of the shaft of the propeller of
a curved form adapted to promote the motion of the solutions therein. In
place of the coils of pipes being arranged close together near the outer surface
of the pan, as is the ordinary practice, I prefer to arrange them in two or
more series, one above and at a distance from the other, and with space
between the several parts of the coil of each series suflicient to admit of the
free motion of the solution for the evaporation.
.
Having thus explained the nature of the said Invention, as communicated
to me, and means adapted to carry the same into effect, I would have it

page_text: understood that what I claim is, the adaptation or combination of means and
mode of operating in connection with vacuum pans to facilitate the evapora-
tion of saccharine solutions, substantially as explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Paterson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord 5
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JAMES PATERSON. (L.S.)