Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Oct., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1895
I, ERNEST HORA, of 250 and 252, Camberwell Road, in the County of Surrey,
Carriage and Cart Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the springs ordinarily used for carts and vehicles of all
kinds, and it has for its object a novel method of constructing and arranging such
springs and the parts connected with them, so that they are simpler and more
durable, than such springs as ordinarily heretofore made.
The method of construction and arrangement of the springs ordinarily used,
consists in making each end of the spring (the centre of which is attached to the
axle) with a transverse eye through which passes a bolt which also traverses
the upper ends of links fitted upon each side of the spring, their lower ends being
pivotted in the same way upon bolts fixed in brackets carried by the body of the
cart. By this method of construction there is considerable and rapid wear
of the bolts, and links through which they pass, and they require frequent
renewal.
By my present invention, instead of making an eye to receive a bolt, at each end
of the spring, I make the ends of the top plate of the latter of such shape that a
transverse elongated hole or opening can be made through them, the upper and
lower sides of which are parallel and at a sufficient distance apart to receive freely
a transverse friction roller which turns upon a bolt fixed in brackets between which
the end of the spring fits freely.
By this arrangement, the end of the spring can move a sufficient distance
endways as the spring rises and falls, the elongated opening moving upon the roller
with very little friction, and the construction being very simple and strong.
The details of construction may be varied more or less. For instance, the
position of the elongated opening may be made higher or lower as may be found
advisable to suit different circumstances. Or two similar parallel openings may be
used, one above the other, a separate friction roller turning upon a fixed bolt
passing through each of them. Or, the lower or upper side (or both, in which case
the opening may be omitted) of the end of the spring may be made parallel with
the side of the elongated opening, so as to work against a friction roller turning
upon a second fixed transverse bolt.
Springs, and the parts connected with them, constructed according to my inven-
tion, may be applied to carts, carriages, waggons, and other vehicles, for roads or
railways, the details and proportions being varied more or less to suit the particular
purposes to which they are to be applied.
Dated this 2nd dar of August 1895

page_text: Improvements in Springs for Vehicles.
I, ERNEST HORA, of 250 and 252, Camberwelt Road, in the County of Surrey,
Carriage and Cart Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, and accompanying drawing, that
is to say -
My invention relates to the springs ordinarily used for carts and vehicles of all
kinds, and it has for its object a novel method of constructing and arranging such
springs and the parts connected with them, so that they are simpler and more
durable, than such springs as ordinarily heretofore made.
The method of construction and arrangement of the springs ordinarily used,
consists in making each end of the spring (the centre of which is attached to
the axle) with a transverse eye through which passes a bolt which also traverses
the upper ends of links fitted upon each side of the spring, the lower ends of the
links being pivotted in the same way upon bolts fixed in brackets carried by the
body of the cart. By this method of construction there is considerable and rapid
wear of the bolts and the links through which they pass, and they require frequent
renewal.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of my present invention, the several
figures shewing in side view slightly different modifications.
Instead of making at each end of the spring a a transverse eye to receive a bolt,
in the manner just described, I make the ends of the spring a, either by bending
round the ends of the plates, as illustrated in Figure 1, or by forging as illustrated
in Figure 2, of such shape that a transverse elongated hole or opening b is made
through them, the upper and lower sides of the opening being parallel and at a
sufficient distance apart to receive freely a transverse friction roller c which turns
upon a bolt fixed in brackets d carried by the body of the cart, between which the
end of the spring a fits freely.
By this arrangement, the end of the spring can move a sufficient distance end ways
as it rises and falls, the elongated opening 6 moving upon the friction roller c with
very little friction, and the construction being very simple and strong.
The details of construction may be varied more or less. For instance, the
position of the elongated opening may be made higher (as illustrated in Figure 1)
or lower (as illustrated in Figure 2), as may be found advisable, to suit different
circumstances. Or, two similar parallel openings may be used, one above the other,
a separate friction roller turning upon a fixed bolt passing through each of them.
Or, either the lower or the upper side of the end of the spring may be made parallel
with the sides of the elongated opening, so as to work against a friction roller
turning upon a second fixed transverse bolt, fixed in brackets carried by the
body of the cart.
Or, as illustrated in Figure 3, the elongated opening may be omitted, and the end
of the spring made parallel above and below, its upper side bearing against a
friction roller c turning upon a bolt fixed in brackets carried by the body of the
cart, and its lower side being held in position by a second similar friction roller c¹
turning upon another parallel bolt fixed in the brackets.
Springs, and the parts connected with them, constructed according to my inven-
tion, may be applied to carts, carriages, waggons, and other vehicles, for roads or
railways, the details and proportions being varied more or less to suit the particular
purposes to which they are to be applied.
It is evident that the friction rollers may be attached to the ends of the springs,
and brackets provided with the elongated openings, or plates, to the vehicle.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In springs for vehicles, the method of supporting the vehicle upon the springs,
by means of friction rollers attached to the vehicle, and supported upon the ends of
the springs, substantially as described.
2. In springs for vehicles, the method of supporting the vehicle upon the ends of
the spring, by means of friction rollers turning upon axles carried by the body
of the vehicle, the friction rollers fitting and being guided in elongated transverse
openings formed in the ends of the spring, substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated.
3. As a modification of the method of construction described and claimed in
Claim 1, the arrangement of two friction rollers one above the other turning upon
parallel axles fixed in brackets carried by the body of the vehicle, a space being left
between the rollers to receive freely the end of the spring which is made of parallel
thickness and without an elongated opening, substantially as described, and
illustrated in Figure 3.
Dated this 23rd day of Sentember 1895
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 and 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.