Improvements in Weaving Tufted Fabrics and in Looms or Apparatus Employed therein
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th May, 1889-Accepted, 22nd June, 1889
PROVIDIUNAL DPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Weaving Tufted Fabrics and in Looms or Apparatus
Employed therein.
We, THOMAS MARTIN SOUTHWELL Carpet Manufacturer and THOMAS WILLIAM
HEAD Loom Tuner both of Bridgenorth, Salop do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates more particularly to looms of the description known as
Moquette looms of the class described in the Specification to Letters Patent granted
to Sydney Pitt No. 235 A.D. 1877.
In the fabric produced by means of the loom described in the said Specification the
tufting threads are bound by a single face shot apart from the back shots. The object
of my improvement is to secure or bind the tufting threads by one of the back shots
in conjunction with the two face shots and to effect this I place on the main cam shaft
of the Loom a treadle box or set of cam tappets for operating the Heddles said cam
tappets not being keyed on to said shaft but running loose and only making one
revolution whilst the cam shaft makes two revolutions the change of speed of said set
of cams being effected by placing on the main shaft a pinion wheel driving a stud
wheel of double its own diameter said stud wheel being geared to a wheel carrying
the aforesaid series of cams for operating the Heddles.
To secure the extra binding of the tufting threads I use two chains or two series of
threads the one acting as a binding chain and the other as a dead chain or
warp
stuffer.
In looms as heretofore arranged the tufting threads when entering into the shedding
enter at a time when the one or same heddle is raised but according to my Invention
the tufting threads are inserted when each alternate Heddle is raised.
At the same
time the Heddle governing the dead chain is raised consequently when the filling
thread is inserted it passes over the tufting threads between the bottom half of ground
chain and dead chain and said tufting threads are consequently bound by one of the
back shots the two face shots are placed one on each side of the tufting threads and no
change having taken place in the Heddles the binding chain naturally draws these two
face shots against the tufting threads whereby the said two face shots are so gripped
in conjunction with the back shot that the tufting threads are thoroughly bound and
the fabric made more durable.
Total : 10L
A
T
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Weaving Tufted Fabrics and in Looms or Apparatus
Employed therein.
We, THOMAS MARTIN SOUTHWELL Carpet Manufacturer and THOMAS WILLIAM
HEAD, Loom tuner, both of Bridgenorth, Salop, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates more particularly to Moquette Looms of the class described
in the Specification to Letters patent No. 235 of 1877 granted to Sydney Pitt. In
the tufted fabrics produced by means of looms of this description the tufting threads
are bound by a single face shot apart from the back shots and can be readily pulled
ont

page_text: In the Specification to Letters Patent No. 619 of 1886 granted to W. H. Bairstow
there is described a method of weaving double pile fabrics in which the pile threads
are firmly secured in the ground and the object of our present invention is to enable
this weave or method of securing the pile threads to be employed in the manufacture
of what are known as Moquette or Royal Axminster goods.
With this object we place loosely on the main cam shaft of the loom a treadle box
or set of cam tappets for operating the heddles and drive these cams at half the speed
of the cain shaft so that the latter makes two revolutions to one revolution of these
cams.
In looms as heretofore arranged the tufting threads are caused to enter into the
shedding at a time when one or the same heddle is raised but according to the present
invention the movement of the heddles are so combined that two face shots are placed
one on each side of the tufting threads in such a manner that the binding chain tends
to draw these two face shots together and causes them to grip the tufting threads
between them as hereinafter described.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
The loom described in the specification of Sydney Pitt herein before referred to is
constructed with one main shaft which carries all the tappets for the various movements
required in the operation of the loom the said shaft making one revolution to each
series of tufting threads inserted.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents the cam shaft in plan with the
cams or tappets employed according to this invention. All the other (internal) tappets
forming no part of the present invention being omitted for convenience of
illustration.
It is evident that the differential speed of the cams can be obtained by any
convenient combination of gearing such as a pinion wheel on the cam shaft driving a
stud wheel of double the diameter of the pinion wheel and driving a wheel on the cam
shaft carrying the series of cams but the following arrangement has been found to
give the best results in practice.
In place of the usual treading tappets which are usually keyed on to the end of the
shaft a we mount a series of tappets 1, 2, 3, 4 on the boss of a wheel b running loose
on the shaft a and having motion given to it by a wheel c. This wheel c being half
the diameter of the wheel b is keyed on to an intermediate shaft d carried by brackets
fastened to the side e of the loom. This shaft revolves at the same speed as the cam
shaft a being driven by a pair of wheels fg of equal diameters the wheelf being
keyed on the cam shaft a and the wheel 9 on the shaft d so that the series of
cams 1, 2, 3, 4 operating the heddles describes only one revolution whilst the cam
shaft a makes two.
Figure 2 represents the cam surfaces of the tappet for manipulating the ground or
binding chain or warp threads C and D hereinafter referred to and illustrated in
Figure 6 and the tappet illustrated in Figure 3 operates the dead chains A B also
seen in the same Figure 6.
Figure 4 represents the cam for operating the binding chains C D in producing a
fabric as illustrated in Figure 7 and Figure 5 shows the form of the cam employed
for operating the dead chains A B in the same Figure 7.
Referring to the diagram (Figure 6) the weave is as follows; the heddle governing
the half of the binding chain marked D is raised and the opposite heddle with the
other half of the binding chain marked C is lowered the whole of the dead chain
(A and B) is raised and then the shot marked 1 is inserted. The whole of the dead
chain (A B) then falls and the shot 2 is inserted, the tufting threads E are then
inserted; one half of the dead chain (B for example) now rises and shot 3 is inserted.
The ends of tufting threads E are then turned up as shown in the drawing and the
half B of the dead chain falls to the bottom and shot 4 is inserted, the heddles
governing the binding chains D C then reverse and the operations are repeated,

page_text: In Figure 7 the weave is identical with that hereinbefore described with reference
to Figure 6 with the exception that the shot 1 or back shot is not used and the
shots take place in the order indicated by the numbers (2, 3, 4) in the figure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In weaving tufted fabrics of the class known as Moquette or Royal Axminster,
binding the tufting threads round a middle shot 3 (Figure 6) or a back shot 3
(Figure 7) so that the said tufting threads are gripped between two face shots (2 and 4)
with or without a back shot 1 at each alternate change of binding chain substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
2. For operating the heddles in weaving tufted fabrics as hereinbefore described and
claimed a series of treading cams or tappets arranged to describe one revolution to
every two revolutions of the cam shaft substantially as and for the purpose herein before
described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th day of May 1889.
J. H. JOHNSON & CO.,
Agents.

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 17th May, 1889-Accepted, 22nd June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Weaving Tufted Fabrics and in Looms or Apparatus
Employed therein.
We, THOMAS MARTIN SOUTHWELL Carpet Manufacturer and THOMAS WILLIAM
HEAD Loom Tuner both of Bridgenorth, Salop do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates more particularly to looms of the description known as
Moquette looms of the class described in the Specification to Letters Patent granted
to Sydney Pitt No. 235 A.D. 1877.
In the fabric produced by means of the loom described in the said Specification the
tufting threads are bound by a single face shot apart from the back shots. The object
of my improvement is to secure or bind the tufting threads by one of the back shots
in conjunction with the two face shots and to effect this I place on the main cam shaft
of the Loom a treadle box or set of cam tappets for operating the Heddles said cam
tappets not being keyed on to said shaft but running loose and only making one
revolution whilst the cam shaft makes two revolutions the change of speed of said set
of cams being effected by placing on the main shaft a pinion wheel driving a stud
wheel of double its own diameter said stud wheel being geared to a wheel carrying
the aforesaid series of cams for operating the Heddles.
To secure the extra binding of the tufting threads I use two chains or two series of
warp threads the one acting as a binding chain and the other as a dead chain or
stuffer.
In looms as heretofore arranged the tufting threads when entering into the shedding
enter at a time when the one or same heddle is raised but according to my Invention
the tufting threads are inserted when each alternate Heddle is raised.
At the same
time the Heddle governing the dead chain is raised consequently when the filling
thread is inserted it passes over the tufting threads between the bottom half of ground
chain and dead chain and said, tufting threads are consequently bound by one of the
back shots the two face shots are placed one on each side of the tufting threads and no
change having taken place in the Heddles the binding chain naturally draws these two
face shots against the tufting threads whereby the said two face shots are so gripped
in conjunction with the back shot that the tufting threads are thoroughly bound and
the fabric made more durable.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Weaving Tufted Fabrics and in Looms or Apparatus
Employed therein.
We, THOMAS MARTIN SOUTHWELL Carpet Manufacturer and THOMAS WILLIAM
HEAD, Loom tuner, both of Bridgenorth, Salop, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
:-
This Invention relates more particularly to Moquette Looms of the class described
in the Specification to Letters patent No. 235 of 1877 granted to Sydney Pitt. In
the tufted fabrics produced by means of looms of this description the tufting threads
are bound by a single face shot apart from the back shots and can be readily pulled
out

page_text: In the Specification to Letters Patent No. 619 of 1886 granted to W. H. Bairstow
there is described a method of weaving double pile fabrics in which the pile threads
are firmly secured in the ground and the object of our present invention is to enable
this weave or method of securing the pile threads to be employed in the manufacture
of what are known as Moquette or Royal Axminster goods.
With this object we place loosely on the main cam shaft of the loom a treadle box
or set of cam tappets for operating the heddles and drive these cams at half the speed
of the cam shaft so that the latter makes two revolutions to one revolution of these
cams.
In looms as heretofore arranged the tufting threads are caused to enter into the
shedding at a time when one or the same heddle is raised but according to the present
invention the movement of the heddles are so combined that two face shots are placed
one on each side of the tufting threads in such a manner that the binding chain tends
to draw these two face shots together and causes them to grip the tufting threads
between them as hereinafter described.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the saine and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
The loom described in the specification of Sydney Pitt hereinbefore referred to is
constructed with one main shaft which carries all the tappets for the various movements
required in the operation of the loom the said shaft making one revolution to each
series of tufting threads inserted.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents the cam shaft in plan with the
cams or tappets employed according to this invention. All the other (internal) tappets
forming no part of the present invention being omitted for convenience of
illustration.
It is evident that the differential speed of the cams can be obtained by any
convenient combination of gearing such as a pinion wheel on the cam shaft driving a
stud wheel of double the diameter of the pinion wheel and driving a wheel on the cam
shaft carrying the series of cams but the following arrangement has been found to
give the best results in practice.
In place of the usual treading tappets which are usually keyed on to the end of the
shaft a we mount a series of tappets 1, 2, 3, 4 on the boss of a wheel b running loose
on the shaft a and having motion given to it by a wheel c. This wheel c being half
the diameter of the wheel b is keyed on to an intermediate shaft d carried by brackets
fastened to the side e of the loom. This shaft revolves at the same speed as the cam
shaft a being driven by a pair of wheels f g of equal diameters the wheelf being
keyed on the cam shaft a and the wheel g on the shaft d so that the series of
cams 1, 2, 3, 4 operating the heddles describes only one revolution whilst the cam
shaft a makes two.
Figure 2 represents the cam surfaces of the tappet for manipulating the ground or
binding chain or warp threads C and D hereinafter referred to and illustrated in
Figure 6 and the tappet illustrated in Figure 3 operates the dead chains A B also
seen in the same Figure 6.
Figure 4 represents the cam for operating the binding chains C D.in producingra
fabric as illustrated in Figure 7 and Figure 5 shows the form of the cam employed
for operating the dead chains A B in the same Figure 7.
Referring to the diagram (Figure 6) the weave is as follows; the heddle governing
the half of the binding chain marked D is raised and the opposite heddle with the
other half of the binding chain marked C is lowered the whole of the dead chain
(A and B) is raised and then the shot marked 1 is inserted. The whole of the dead
chain (A B) then falls and the shot 2 is inserted, the tufting threads E are then
inserted; one half of the dead chain (B for example) now rises and shot 3 is inserted.
The ends of tufting threads E are then turned up as shown in the drawing and the
half B of the dead chain falls to the bottom and shot 4 is inserted, the heddles
governing the binding chains D C then reverse and the operations are repeated.

page_text: In Figure 7 the weave is identical with that herein before described with reference
to Figure 6 with the exception that the shot 1 or back shot is not used and the
shots take place in the order indicated by the numbers (2, 3, 4) in the figure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In weaving tufted fabrics of the class known as Moquette or Royal Axminster,
binding the tufting threads round a middle shot 3 (Figure 6) or a back shot 3
(Figure 7) so that the said tufting threads are gripped between two face shots (2 and 4)
with or without a back shot 1 at each alternate change of binding chain substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
2. For operating the heddles in weaving tufted fabrics as herein before described and
claimed a series of treading cams or tappets arranged to describe one revolution to
every two revolutions of the cam shaft substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th day of May 1880
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.