Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Fibrous Materials used in Paper Making and in other Manufactures.
Year: 1899

page_text: ✓ Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 4th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 4th Apr., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Fibrous Materials used in
Paper Making and in other Manufactures.
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I, JAMES HUNTER ANNANDALE, of Polton Paper Works, Polton, Midlothian,
Paper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
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This invention relates to apparatus for washing fibrous materials used in paper
making and for other purposes and it has for its object to provide improved
apparatus in which the fibrous materials may be effectually freed from colouring
matters and other impurities by feeding them slowly forward, whilst turning
them and exposing fresh surfaces, against a stream of water and so that after.
washing they are delivered from the apparatus upon their passage through the
cleaner inflowing water.
The improved apparatus comprises a vat or trough wherein is fitted to revolve
a long cylindrical and horizontal or slightly inclined drum composed by preference
of longitudinal spars carrying a perforated shell and having secured within it
a helix or blade wound helically around the inner periphery and extending from
end to end of the drum. One end of the drum is conical or made of gradually
diminishing diameter, and at that end the washing water is admitted and the
cleansed material delivered, whilst at the opposite end a central opening is
formed in the drum for the admission of the unwashed matérial. The drun
may be rotated on gudgeons at the inlet and outlet or it may be carried ou
rollers or otherwise supported so as to permit of its rotation. The helical blade
or worm within the drum is by preference perforated to permit of the free passage
through it of the washing water, and in the bottom of the vat or trough is
formed a transverse vertical web or webs to prevent the direct passage of the
clean water towards the outlet:
In the operation of the 'apparatus the fibrous materials are fed into the end of
the drum whilst the washing water enters at the other end through a central
pipe which delivers it clear of the conical end. The materials are by the rotation
of the drum and helix gradually traversed along the length of the druni and
through the washing water in the vat the level of which is maintained at about
the depth of the helical blade or so as to ensure the immersion of the materials
carried along by it. During the rotation of the drum the fibrous materials are
also repeatedly lifted and turned over by means of the longitudinal spars of
the drum. In this way the materials are traversed against the stream of inflow-
ing water which flows through the perforations of the drum and helix, and at
the further end they are raised up the conical end portion of the drum clear of
the water and delivered through a narrow outlet.
In a modification of the apparatus the drum is niade with a solid shell and
the vat or trough dispensed with.
The apparatus described is particularly applicable to washing the fibres of
textile materials more especially after disintegration, esparto grass and wood
071

page_text: reduced to "half stuff" and other fibrous material used in paper making. It
may also be used for removing colouring matter and chemical reagents employed
in treating fibrous materials and for washing wool or like fibres.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1899
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Fibrous Materials used in
Paper Making and in other Manufactures.
I, JAMES HUNTER ANNANDALE, of Polton Paper Works, Polton, Midlothian,
Paper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to apparatus for washing fibrous materials used in paper
making and for other purposes and it has for its object to provide improved
apparatus in which the fibrous materials may be effectually freed from colouring
matters and other impurities by feeding them slowly forward, whilst turning
them and exposing fresh surfaces, against a stream of water and so that after
washing they are delivered from the apparatus upon their passage through the
cleaner inflowing water.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 being
a longitudinal vertical section, Figure 2 a transverse vertical section on the
line, Figure 1, and Figure 3 an end elevation of the washing apparatus.
The improved apparatus comprises a vat or trough A wherein is fitted to
revolve a long cylindrical and horizontal or slightly inclined drum composed by
preference of longitudinal spars C carrying a perforated shell B and
having secured within it a helix or blade 1) wound helically around
the inner periphery of the shell B and extending from end to
end of the drum. One end B of the drum Bis conical or made of
gradually diminishing diameter, and at that end the washing water is admitted
by a pipe E and the cleansed material delivered through a central opening J
whilst at the opposite end a central opening K is formed in the drum for the
admission of the unwashed material. The drum B may be rotated on gudgeons
at the inlet and outlet or it may be carried on rollers 1', as shown, or otherwise
supported so as to permit of its rotation. The helical blade or worm D within
the drum B is by preference perforated to permit of the free passage through it
of the washing water, and in the bottom of the vat or trough A is formed a
transverse vertical web or webs G to prevent the direct passage of the clean water
towards the outlet, and in conjunction with these webs G, like shaped leather
strips. I are preferably provided, which by the action of the water in the drum B
are caused to bear against the sides of rings H surrounding the drum B and
thus act as valves to prevent the direct passage of the water.
In the operation of the apparatus the fibrous materials are fed into the end K
of the drum B whilst the washing water enters at the other end J through the
central pipe E which delivers it into the conical end B2. The materials are by
the rotation of the drum B and helix D gradually traversed along the length of
the drum B and through the washing water in the vat A, the level of which water

page_text: is maintained at about the depth of the helical blade Dor so as to ensure the
immersion of the materials carried along by it. During the rotation of the
drum B the fibrous materials are also repeatedly lifted and turned over by means
of the longitudinal spars C of the drum B. In this way the materials are
traversed against the stream of inflowing water which flows through the perfora-
tions of the drum and helix 1), and at the further end they are raised up by
the conical end portion B2 of the drum B clear of the water and delivered through
the narrow outlet J.
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The drum of the apparatus may obviously be made with a solid shell and the
vat or trough dispensed with.
The apparatus described is particularly applicable to the washing of the fibres of
textile materials more especially after disintegration, esparto grass and wool
reduced to "half stuff" and other fibrous materials used in paper making. It
may also be used for removing colouring matter and chemical reagents employed
in treating fibrous materials and for washing wool or like fibres.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Apparatus for washing fibrous materials used in paper making and for
other purposes, said apparatus being constructed, combined and arranged to
operate, substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for washing fibrous materials comprising a vat or trough, a
perforated cylindrical drum fitted to revolve therein, an inlet for the fibrous
material at one end of the drum, an outlet therefor at the opposite end, and a
helix or blade within the drum adapted to carry the material therethrough
against a stream of inflowing water, substantially as described.
3. In apparatus for washing fibrous materials. the combination of a rotating
drum made up of longitudinal spars surrounded by a shell, and a perforated
helix or blade wound round the inner periphery of the shell, substantially as
described.
Dated this 1st day of Dogma 1900
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agent for the Applicant.