IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COLOURING OR STAINING THE SURFACES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Paul, of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Paper Stainer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COLOURING OR STAINING THE SURFACES OF
Sealed the 15th June 1855, and dated the 20th December 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Paul at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th December
1854.
I, JOHN PAUL, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Paper
Stainer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR COLOURING OR STAINING THE SURFACES OF
PAPER, LEATHER, WOVEN FABRICS, AND SIMILAR MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
I make a framework of any convenient dimensions with rollers at each end
to carry an endless cloth or blanket. The colouring matter may be put into a
box with a perforated bottom, and allowed to fall on to the surface of the paper
or material, or it may be taken up by the brush or brushes. The material to
be stained is moved forward by a continuous and remitting motion, regulated
by a cam fixed to the framework, and acting on the end of one of the rollers.
The brushes have a traverse motion as well as a compound rotary motion,
which motions are obtained by a right and left hand screw, fixed to the frame
in a horizontal position, with a pin working in a groove or thread. An arm
attached to the box of the screw passes over a slide, and carries a spindle or
shaft with an eccentric crank and double hoop, and a rod attached to each
hoop. The said rods pass through a swivel fixed to the end of each of them."

page_text: At the bottom of the spindle or shaft I have a pinion, working on a vertical
rack, which is also fixed to the framework, and works the eccentric. The
handles of the brushes are fixed to a swivel or joint in the aforesaid rod, and
suspended midway by means of a ball, working in a cavity or cup, and the
pressure is regulated by a cut screw.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Paul in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th June
1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
Paul, of the City of Manchester, in. the County, of Lancaster, Paper Stainer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Paul, Her special licence that I, the said John Paul, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Paul, my
éxecutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
COLORING OR STAINING THE SURFACES OF PAPER, LEATHER, WOVEN FABRICS, AND
SIMILAR MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
John Paul, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Paul, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention consists of a framework, the width being according to the
work required. To this framework is fixed horizontally a right and left hand
cut screw, on which is a nut, having arms or projections attached, of twelve or

page_text: fourteen inches, back and front, forming a carriage, and resting on slides
parallel to the screw, and by means of a pin or key fitting into the threads
of the screw, the framework is traversed to right and left across the paper.
Over the screw in the carriage is fixed vertically an eccentric or crank, having
a small pinion on the shaft, which pinion is geared or fitted in a rack which is
fixed to the framework parallel to the screw. The turning of the screw gives
motion to the eccentric or crank, which having projecting shafts or rods (which
are immediately over those attached to the nut on the screw), the extreme ends
of which work through a swivel on a pedestal. From these shafts or rods the
finishing brushes are suspended, equidistant from eccentric, and swivel by
vertical rods of twelve or fourteen inches in length, having about the centre a
fixed ball fitting into a cup or socket made in the arms or carriage attached to
the nut on the screw; and as the crank or eccentric is revolving, it at the same
time traverses by the movement of the screw, giving to the finishing brushes a
compound motion, similar to the working of the human hand. The brushes can
be adjusted to the surface of the paper by means of a set screw. The paper
first passes under a brush or brushes, fixed in a vertical position, having a
simple rotatory motion, traversing along with other work, as before explained.
The color is supplied by a roller revolving in a box, either under or over which
the paper is caused to pass, having a toothed doctor or scraper to regulate the
quantity of color required, and working against the paper as it is finished by
the finishing brushes. The paper is moved onward by means of a cam motion,
fixed to the side of the framework, acting with intermediate wheels and in
conjunction with the screw after each traverse. The color is kept in a fluid
state, as required, by steam chambers in color box. The color is kept in
agitation by an arm affixed to the carriage. A continuous movement of the
blanket and paper can be had without the use of the cam, each finishing brush
being worked by separate screws, the brushes crossing each other from left to
right instead of working parallel.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Paul, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of
N. GOULD, Solicitor, Manchester.
JOHN PAUL.
(L.S.)