CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES, THE WHOLE OR PART 33 Www TWODOWENTO ADD ADPLICABLE TO OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Lloyd, of Dec Valley, near Corwen,
Merionethshire, North Wales, Engineer, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES, THE WHOLE OR PART
33
Www TWODOWENTO ADD ADPLICABLE TO OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES."
Scaled the 24th December 1852, and dated the 13th October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Lloyd at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th October 1852.
I, EDWARD LLOYD, of Dee Valley, near Corwen, Merionethshire,
North Wales, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES, THE WHOLE OR PART
OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES," to be
as follows:
First, in an improved valve, and secondly, in improved mechanism
for working the valves of "locomotive" and other engines; my object
being to simplify the working parts of those engine and to economise
steam.
The first part of my Invention relates to an improvement in a valve,
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to me for "Certain

page_text: Improvements in Steam Engines, &c.," and bearing date at West-
minster, the 24th day of February 1851, & at Fig. 1, and 2, of the
Drawings, and consists in a manner of making the joint of the valve
spindle free to work, yet steam-tight, without stuffing box.
"
The second part of my Invention I propose to effect by an arrange-
ment and combination of rods, levers, and curved bars; and the bars
being connected with the valves, and actuated without any excentric; or
either by one or more excentrics, can be so worked by varying the rela-
tive position of the rods with the curved bars that the valve will always
be in its right position when the engine is on the centre, whether the
engine is required to go forward or backward: By this arrangement &
combination of rods, levers, & curved bars actuated without excentric,
or by one or more excentrics, I am enabled to work both valves of a
locomotive or other steam engine, or other motive engines.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Lloyd in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 13th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, .I.
EDWARD LLOYD, of Dee Valley, near Corwen, Merionethshire, North
Wales, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, givé
and grant unto me, the said Edward Lloyd, Her special 'licence
that I, the said Edward Lloyd, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as T, the said Edward Lloyd, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-

page_text: .
MENTS IN STEAM ENGINES, THE WHOLE OR PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES;" upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward: Lloyd; by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal; should' particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six.calendar months next and immediately after the::date
of the said Letters: Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I; the said. Edward.. Lloyd, do hereby
déclare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the. Drawings. here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked "theréon, which
refer to similar parts throughout the Drawings, that is to say:
Figs. 1, and 2, represent the first part of my Invention; and Figs:3;
4, 5, and 6, the second part.
The first part of my Invention relates to an improvement: made
upon a valve described in the Specification of a Patent grantedsto
me, the said Edward Lloyd, for "Certain Improvements in Steam
Engines, which improvements are in part or on the whole applicable
to other motive.. engines," and bearing date at. Westminster, the
Twenty-fourth day of February, One thousand: eight hundred and
fifty-one. My improvement upon the valve- therein, described, and
shewn at 'Figs. 1, and 2, consists. in dispensing with the stuffing
box k, and spindle "g, therein shewn, and actuating or giving motion fo
the valve by means of a spindle. or bar g, (sec annexed Drawings,
Figs. 1, and 2) inserted in the interior of the exhaust orifice c. To the
spindle or bar g, is attached-a-lever m, curved to the radius of the con-
necting rod by which it is worked; in this lever is formed a slot m¹, by
which means the length of the travel of the valve may be adjusted by
varying the point of attachment of the connecting rod. At the end of
the valve is left a small space a,-to allow the steam to get between. the
end of the valve and the valve chest so as to force or keep the other
end of the valve against the face of the exhaust.or eduction orfice e'...
The second part of my Invention consists of two improve rents, and

page_text: relates to apparatus for actuating the valves of locomotive, marine, or
other steam engines or other motive engines. The first improvement
consists of an apparatus by which I am enabled to give a proper motion
to the valves which regulate the immission and emmission of steam or
other motive power to and from the cylinders of steam or other motive
engines. The second improvement consists in an apparatus for qualify-
ing the motion obtained from the first apparatus herein mentioned, or
any other motion obtained from a crank or cranks, excentric or excen-
trics, so that the qualified motion thus obtained, when imparted to the
valves, shall give to them a still more advantageous motion for the
proper working of the engine or engines under certain circumstances
than obtained from simple excentric crank, or are generally known aš
link motions."
1
The first improvement in the second part of my Invention ac-
complishes in locomotive engines the working and reversing of the
valves for the backward or forward progress of the enginé from "one
excentric, or accomplishes the office or function of the "link motion,"
which is generally actuated by four excentrics. This apparatus is
represented in the Drawing annexed hereto by a side elevation at
Fig. 3, and by a plan view at Fig. 4. These Figures shew sufficient
of the parts of a locomotive engine to explain the manner of its appli-
cation to such engines. The principle upon which my first apparatus
is constructed is this:-I take the motion from one excentric at two
points for locomotives (as the cranks are at right angles) about ninety
degrees apart; with the motion which I get at one point I actuate a
beam or lever; so I get two opposite motions by this lever one hundred
and eighty degrees apart. I then take the other motion, which I get
from the other point of the excentric by a connecting rod to as near the
centre or fulcrum (or in some modifications through the centre) of the
beam or lever just réferred to, as convenient, and connect it and the
extreme ends of the beam or lever by a bar or link curved to the radius
of the valve connecting rod. To each of the curved bars or links I
attach by suitable joints their respective valve connecting rcds, which
are so arranged that one of the valve connecting rods is always at the
extremity of the lever, and the other receiving direct motion from the

page_text: centre excentric connecting rod when in full gear, the reversing of the
engine changing these relative positions respectively. It will thus be
seen that the reciprocations of the centre excentric connecting rod, and
the vibrations of each end of the lever, will arrive at their extreme or
middle position in succession each ninety degrees of the revolution of
the excentric, and as one valve of the cylinder only requires the same
mction as the other at a period of the revolution of the crank ninety
degrees distant, it will be seen that the arrangement just described is
calculated to give that motion at the time required. The apparatus by
which I prefer to carry out this part of my Invention, as before stated,
is shewn in the Drawing at Figs. 3, and 4. Figs. 5, and 6, are shewn
in combination with Figure 3, and 4, but I wish it to be understood
that they represent no part of the first improvement of the second part
of my Invention, which I shall now proceed to describe, the same
letters and figures representing corresponding parts. A, Fig. 3, the
bottom line of the boiler of a locomotive engine with inside cylinders;
B, the crank axle; C, the cylinders; D, slide valves of ordinary con-
struction; D', valve spindles; E, an eccentric of the ordinary con-
struction, and fixed in the usual manner upon the crank axle B. . The
excentric is embraced by a strap F, in the usual manner, screwed
together by the bolts F'; and G, is a rocking plate having its axis at
G', which works in steps sustained from the bottom of the boiler by
a framing or bracket. The rocking plate G, has jaws provided with a
facing of brass or other suitable metal G, between which the strap F,
slides or works, giving to the plate G, a rocking or vibrating motion
on its axis G'. Above and below the fulcrum or axis G¹, the rocking
plate G, is continued to the pivots H', H. F", is a continuation of
the strap F, forming a connecting bar, which is divided in two parts,
one above and the other below the fulcrum or axis G', and working in
groves, one on each side of the rocking plate G', or it may be made to
pass through the fulcrum or axis G', the fulcrum or axis being cranked
or bent so as to clear it. H, H, are curved bars attached to the pivots
H', and H, to the extremities of the rocking plate and to the continua-
tion of the strap F". The curved bars H, H, are in their cross section
"dove-tailed" in form, and placed with their narrow faces towards the

page_text: rocking plate G, as seen at H, Figure 4. A cylinderical piece 1:19
placed so as to be able to swivle upon a pivot at the ends of the valve
connecting rods I, I, and fitted to the curved bars H, H, so as to slide
freely up and down without being able to leave them. The valve cou
necting rods I, I, are connected to an apparatus (Fig. 5, & 6, hereafter.
to be described), or direct to the valve spindle; both arrangements of
which are shewn at Figure 4. The valve connecting rods have the
necessary motion imparted to them for varying the expansive working
of the steam or other motive power, and for reversing the motion of the
engine by the rods J, which are jointed to their respective valve con-
necting rods at J₁, and at their other ends J", to the end of the lever K;
having its axis or fulcrum at the shaft K. The end of another lever
K; fixed on the shaft K', is jointed with a rod M, leading to the
usual handle and notched quadrant, within the control of the engine
man, who can thus, as in the ordinary "link motions" or valve geer,
fix the valve connecting rods to. work upon any required part of the
curved bars H, and thus secure the required degree of expansion. For
the purpose of getting a more reduced travel than can be got from the
curved bars or links H, when extending and working between their
joints H, and H", a part of the curved bars or links H, H, say
between H, and H, may be fixed or secured to the rocking
plate G, so as to form part of the rocking plate G, and partake
wholly of its motion; and joints may be made at the points
H, H (shewn in red,) upon which the remaining part of the
curved bars or links between H, H, and H", H", may hinge o
vibrate, which remaining parts will partake of the combined motion of
the rocking plate G, and connecting rod F". In the case of outside
cylinder locomotives it may be more convenient to tise two excentrics
as the valves are further apart, one on each side of the axle opposite
the valve of each cylinder; in this case a duplicate of the apparatu
just described may be used in connection with each excentric, dispens
ing respectively on each side with that part of the rocking plate G, an
the curved bars H, and other parts necessary to actuate the othe
valve, or, as it may be expressed, taking the upper part of the rocking
plate G, to one side, and the lower part to the other, the reversing o

page_text: the valves being performed as before described, the same parts being
only separated further apart. The apparatus just described is appli-
cable to the ordinary slide or. other similar valves, or to my improved
valvė described in the first part of this Invention, in. which. case I
would prefer to place the valve on the upper side of the cylinder, with
the emmission or eduction port of the valve downwards, and so that the
curved levers m, and eduction orifices, be brought opposite between the
two cylinders. By this arrangement the connecting rods I, will only
require attaching to the curved levers m, Fig. 1, and 2, the apparátus
being properly arranged and adjusted.
The second improvement of the second part of my Invention consists;
as before stated, in an apparatus for qualifying the motion received from
the first apparatus, or from other apparatus herein-before referred to:
The object of this part of my Invention is that of imparting to the valves
rapid motion at the extremes, and slow motion at the middle points of
their action, so as to admit and cut off the steam rapidly, and allow. greater
time for expansion before opening the eduction ports,. and to delay. the
opening of the port for the admission of the steam for the return strokes
to the latest point consistent with a sufficient "cushion," or to reduce..the
compression to the least necessary amount. The principle upon which
I accomplish this variable motion is as follows:-If I give motion to a
radial arm or lever. by means. of an apparatus described as the first im-
provement of the second part of my Invention, or by any other appa-
ratus actuated by crank or cranks, or excentric or excentrics, and in
this radial arm or lever I form a slot, and in the slot cause. to work a
sliding pin or die, which piii or, die may be actuated by another radial
arm or lever so, that it will be at its greatest distance from the centre
or fulcrum of the slotted radial arm.or lever, at the extremities of the
vibrations of the radial arm or lever, and close or at the fulcrum' of the
radial arm, or at that end of the slot nearest the fulcrum of the radial
arni or lever, in tlie middle position of the vibration. of the lever. It
will then be seen by this arrangement that the sliding: pin or die will
have the greatest motion at the extremities of the vibrations, by reason
of its then being at the greatest. radial distance, and the least motion or
none at all for a moment (according to the arrangement or adjustinent

page_text: of the apparatus) in the middle part of the vibrations, by reason of its
then being at its least radial distance, or within the centre or fulcrum
for a moment, where it has no motion, as the case may be. Having
now got the required motion, I have only to connect the sliding pin or
die with the valve spindle by a connecting rod, and thus impart its
motion to the valve. One method or arrangement by which I prefer to
carry this improvement into effect is shewn in Fig. 5, which is a side
elevation, and Fig. 6, a plan view. N, is a slotted or forked radial arni
or lever, having its fulcrum at N', upon which it is made to vibrate by
the connecting rod I, which is jointed to it at N". o, is another radial
arm or lever, having its fulcrum at O', upon which it is made to vibrate
with the radial arm N, by a connecting bar No, jointed to each respec-
tively at N, and O The axis of both the levers N', and O', are
supported in steps by a framing from the bottom of the boiler, not
shewn in Drawing. Within the slot N", is fitted a sliding die P,
which is jointed by a short connecting link to the end of the lever O,
at O; and the valve spindle D', and die P, are attached by the rod
Q. The radial arm O, is made to pass through a greater are than the
forked lever N, by reason of the connecting bar N°, being attached to
the lever O, at a smaller radial distance from its centre O', than
the joint N, is from the centre N¹, so that the end of the radial arm
O, may be as near opposite the centre line of the fork or slot N', as
possible throughout the vibration. The apparatus just described is
equally applicable to the working of the valves of single engines, as
those which are coupled.
Having now fully and particularly described the nature of my Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same may be performed and carried into
effect, I may here state, that I do not claim all the parts shewn and
described as new and of my Invention; nor do I confine myself to the
details herein shewn and described, but reserve to myself the right of
varying the same. But what I claim is,-Firstly, the improvement in
the valve described in the first part of my Invention. [Secondly, I claim
the combination shewn as the first improvement under the second head
of my Invention, for actuating two valves of steam or other motive
engines from one excentric, in the manner herein-before described.

page_text: Thirdly, I claim the imparting of a variable motion to a valve or valves
by means of levers, as shewn and described in the second improvement
under the head of the second part of my Invention, either separately
or in combination with the other improvements herein-before described,
or other apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Lloyd, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-three.
Signed, sealed, and delivered in
the presence of
BENJ FOTHERGILL,
Consulting Engineer,
EDWARD LLOYD. (L.S.)
Manchester.