Improvements in the Manufacture of Barrels, Pipes or Cylinders and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1899-Accepted, 24th June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Barrels, Pipes or Cylinders and
in Apparatus therefor.
I, JOHANN HEINRICH JULIUS BARTELS, of 65, Litherland Park, Litherland, in
the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention.
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention has for its object the making of barrels, pipes, or cylinders,
and apparatus therefor..
According to my invention the sides or mantles of the barrels, pipes, or cylinders,
consist of two or more layers L of veneer glued or otherwise secured together as
shown in the Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, which is an end view of the
mantle of a barrel. Each of these veneers L is by preference so made that their
width shall be equal to the length of the barrel or other article required, while
in length they can also be equal to the circumference of the said article, or two
or more pieces could be used to make up each layer, whichever is preferred.
These layers bent into the shape required, are placed concentrically round each
other with the grain of each veneer transverse to the longitudinal axis of the
mantle, care however being taken that the abutting ends of the veneers in eacli
layer break joint with the abutting ends of the veneers in the adjacent layers.
The abutting ends of the veneers, as well as each layer are united together.
The composite sheet is submitted to pressure (and heat if required) in an apparatus
in which an expansible die or core is made to compress the composite sheet against
the inside of a fixed die or cylinder, the die and cylinder being shaped or not as
required to give a bilge to the sheet. By this means the composite sheet, which
is generally by preference composed of several layers of veneer, is pressed into
the required shape. The apparatus I use is set forth in the accompanying
drawings, in which,
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation;
Figure 3, a sectional plan; and
Figure 4, a front view of two segments at their point of junction.
Referring to these figures, A is a cylindrical die or core divided for the purpose
of making it expansible into three or more separate segments which are shaped
on the outside to give a bilge to the composite sheet of veneers or may be made
straight as in the arrangement shown in the drawings. These segments at their
adjacent edges are provided with teeth or projections a with depressions a¹ between,
the projection's on the respective segments engaging in or entering the depressions
in the adjacent segments, as clearly shown in Figure 4, and thus when these
segments expand, they do not separate as the space which would otherwise be
formed between them is in great measure filled up by the projections entering the
opposite depressions. A very thin plate A may be placed over the surface of
the segments at their intermeshing edges if desired, thus covering them entirely, the
teeth forming sufficient support therefor, as shown in Figure 3 only. The
D

page_text: segments A are mounted on the plate or frame B in such a manner that each
segment shall have a free radial movement. They are wedge shaped at C on their
inside faces in such a manner as to slope from an apex in the middle towards their
ends, and between these wedge shaped pieces I place cones D) which are respectively
connected to the cylindrical dies aforesaid by the plates E which are secured
to the cones, and dovetailed to the segments A, thus preventing the cones I)
separating from the segments A, while permitting a longitudinal movement of
the cones independent of the segments.
Through the centre of these cones passes a rotary screw F threaded at one
end with a left-hand thread, and at the other with a right-hand thread, so that
the rotation of the screw in one direction will cause the cones to approach each
other and at the same time force the respective segments of the cylinder A
outwards, or by rotating in the opposite direction the cones will move away from
each other and draw the segments A of the cylinder inwards, owing to their
being coupled to the cylinder by the dovetails G. Concentrically around the
apparatus I place the cylinder or die H of the exact size and shape inside that is
required for the barrel, cylinder or other article. This cylinder or die is made in
two parts hinged together at I and fastened. round with removable strong metallic
bands J.
The mode of action is as follows:-
The layers of vencer K are placed between the outside of the expansible
dies A and the inside of the cylinder H, the veneers being bent by hand and the
respective layers arranged to break joint.
Each veneer is coated with glue or other waterproof cement and the cylinder H
and dies A may be heated to assist in the process of pressing the layers into one
solid mass (for this purpose the dies A may be made hollow and heated by steam,
a flexible pipe connection being provided so as to allow the dies free radial
movement). The screw F is then turned by hand or other power, the result of
which is to draw the cones 1) closer together and thus expand the dies A and
compress the composite sheet K causing it to assume the shape required. The
pressure as will be seen is directed from the inside of the composite sheet, the
outside cylinder H being stationary. The sheet can be pressed either hot or cold
by hand or by power. To release the composite sheet from between the cylinder H
and dies A, the pressure of the latter is relaxed by turning the screw F in the
opposite direction, the metallic bands J are lifted off and the cylinder H opened.
When this is effected the cylindrical barrel is removed.
In addition to the three layers of veneer there may be a stiffener in the bilge,
which should be as thick as possible and should be located exactly in the middle.
There may be also a small projection on the outside of the cylindrical die A near
both ends arranged to form a square depression or rebate in the composite sheet.
Into this depression or rebate the edges of the barrel heads can be pressed and
be held in this depression.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
1. The improvement in the manufacture of tubes, barrels or cylinders in which
the sides or mantles thereof consist of two or more layers of vencers, namely
placing the said layers bent into the required shape concentrically round each
other, with the grain of the veneers transverse to the longitudinal axis of the
mantle, the abutting ends of the veneers of each layer united together and breaking
joint with the abutting ends of the veneers in the adjacent layer or layers, the
respective layers being glued or otherwise united together and compressed and
bent to form a composite mantle of the shape required, thus avoiding a scarf or
other joint extending through the entire thickness of the mantle substantially as
described.
2. As an improved article of manufacture, a tube, barrel or cylinder in which

page_text: the sides or mantle consist of two or more layers of veneers placed concentrically
round each other, with the grain of the veneers transverse to the longitudinal
axis of the mantle, the abutting ends of the veneers of each layer united together
and breaking joint with the abutting ends of the veneers of the adjacent layer
or layers, the layers being submitted to pressure between an expansible die or
core and the inside of an outer non-expansible cylinder so as to form a composite
cylindrical sheet or mantle, substantially as described.
3. The improvement in the manufacture of barrels, tubes or cylinders from two
or more layers of veneers, which consists in placing the veneers between an inner
radially expansible die or core, and an outer non-expansible cylinder or frame,
and then expanding the core so as to compress and bind the veneers together, and
produce by the simultaneous influence of pressure and heat (or pressure alone) a
composite mantle of the shape required, the pressure for compressing the veneers
together being directed radially outwards, substantially as described.
4. An apparatus for making tube or cask mantles from two or more layers of
veneers, comprising a die or core divided into three or more separate segments
cylindrical on the outside and so wedge-shaped on the inside as to slope from
an apex at the middle towards the ends, cones placed inside these wedge-shaped
surfaces and coupled to the segments by dovetails, and a rotary spindle screwed
through the cones with right and left hand threads respectively, in combination
with an outer cylinder placed concentrically around the core, whereby if the
veneers be placed between the core and the outer cylinder and the screw be
rotated, it will cause the cones to recede from each other, radially expanding
the core and compressing the veneers into a composite mantle, the reverse action
taking place to release the mantle if the screw be rotated in the opposite direction,
substantially as described.
5. In apparatus of the kind set forth in which there is a core formed with
expansible segments for compressing the veneers into a composite sheet against an
outer non-expansible cylinder, the arrangement for preventing the segments when
expanded from separating at their adjacent edges, which consists in providing the
segments at their adjacent edges with alternate projections and depressions in such.
a manner that the projections on one edge of the segments shall engage in or
enter the depressions between the projections upon the other edge of the segments,
in combination or not as required with a thin plate placed over the surface of the
segments at their intermeshing edges, substantially as described.
6. The general combined arrangement and construction of parts forming my
apparatus for making tube or cask mantles from two or more layers of veneers,
substantially as set forth.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,..
Patent Agents,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham and London.