IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Caleb Anderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
September 1857.
I, Sir JAMES CALEB ANDERSON, of Fermoy, in the County of Cork, Ireland,
Baronet, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOCOMOTIVES AND OTHER CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
My first improvement consists in fixing horizontally and longitudinally
a cylinder x, Fig. No. 1, on the top of a tubular locomotive boiler; the
cylinder to be connected to the top of the boiler by vertical pipes, as 2, 2,
Fig. No. 1. The horizontal top cylinder I use as a steam chamber. By this
arrangement the tube, cylinder, and the fire box of a locomotive boiler can be
kept almost full of water, which will secure the tubes and the top of the fire
box from being left uncovered with water on ascending and descending hills.
My second improvement I call a common road universal railroad; 1st, the
wheels of locomotive engines for common roads or for ploughing, omnibusses,
wagons, carts, cannons, and all other description of carriages.
A, Fig. No. 2, are to be placed within other wheels of larger diameter, so
arranged that each of the small wheels are to run on the concave surface, the
larger wheel B, which is to form its railroad or tramroad. The spokes of the
larger wheels or railroad or tramroad are to be fixed to the rims of the wheels
as close as they can to the outside, leaving a sufficient breadth from the
outside to the inside of the large wheel or wheels for the wheels of locomotive

page_text: bus, way!
wagons, carts, and all
Each of the large wheels or railroad
engines for common roads, and for ploughing,
other description of carriages to run on.
required.
or tramroad is to have a separate axle C, which is to revolve in a box to be
wheels. Two connecting rods E, E, one before and the other behind the large 5
fixed on the frame D, D, placed on the outside of each of the large railroad
connect the connecting rods E, E. The bolts G, G, G, G, are to be fixed to
wheels, are to unite the outside frames D, D. The longitudinal rod F is to
the bottom or frame of the engine or carriage, two on each side of the longi-
tudinal rod F, which is to move between them. By this means the large
wheels or rail or tramroad wheels are kept equidistant from each other, and
at a proper distance from the side of the locomotive engine or other carriage.
Thus arranged, the small wheels A can be moved either forward or backward
on the concave surfaces to the large or railroad wheels B, B, as
No. 2, the universal railroad, may be made without the outside frame, thus:
Form a circle of iron on a drum for each railroad wheel, of sufficient breadth to
permit each wheel of a locomotive or other carriage to run on the concave
surfaces of its drum or circular railroad. A deep flange is to be fixed to the
outside and another to the inside round the drum and railroad or tramroad,
to prevent the small wheel from running off the circular rail or tramroad.
No. 3, fix edge rails on and around the concave surfaces of the drum or
circular rail or tramroad, one edge rail in each drum; grove the wheels of
locomotives or other carriages, so as to fit freely on the edge rails. The
wheels of locomotives or other carriages will thus be prevented from running
off the circular rail or tramroad. To prevent slipping, when used by loco-
motive engines for common roads or for ploughing, I cog the concave surfaces
of the circular rail or tramroad wheels and the convex or side surfaces of the
driving wheels of locomotives. To effect the same purpose, viz, slipping of
the wheels of locomotives, I line the concave surfaces of the circular railroads
with wood. By these arrangements the wheels of all kind of carriages move
by animate or inanimate power, will have hard surfaces to run on, as each
carriage wheel will have its own rail or tramroad. As soon as a locomotive or
other carriage is set in motion, its weight resting on each wheel driven or moved
beyond the points, the circular rail or tramroad wheels touch the ground, will
cause them rotate in the line of the power; thus, with broad railroad or tram-
way wheels the heaviest roads or ploughed fields can easily be travelled over. S
As it is of importance for the safety of passengers conveyed by steam
carriages on the common roads that the engine should have a clear view of the
road as well as the steersman, I place the engineer on the front of the steam

page_text: carriage; and in arranging the parts, the starting and reversing levers pare
to be fixed near the steersman, and the pumps G also. The situation for the
fireman is at the back of the steamer; besides attending to the fire he is
to take charge of a small engine to drive the blower W and work a pump L,
to be used when the steamer stops, to keep the water in the boiler to its
proper level. By this division of duty each man is made responsible for his
vido Fio 1