Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Coffee and other Matters.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 12th Dec., 1995-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Coffee and other Matters.
I, EMILIO CABRERO Y ECHEANDIA, of Cafetal Concepcion, Las Marias,
Puerto Rico, West India Islands, Planter, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus particularly adapted for drying coffee but
which
may also be used for drying other matters.
The drier comprises a revolvable cylinder having closed ends, a series of com-
municating circumferential compartments, and a heater arranged within the
cylinder. The cylinder is provided with axial sleeves mounted to rotate on a pipe
which is supported on suitable standards, the sleeves having collars secured to the
end plates of the cylinder and sprocket wheels which are driven by chains from
other sprocket wheels rigidly mounted on a drive shaft. The compartments of the
cylinder which are adapted to contain the material to be dried, are formed by two
perforated walls, the inner wall being preferably made of wire gauze so as to be
perforated in its entire surface and supported on cross pieces which are secured to
the end plates while the outer wall which may likewise be perforated but which is
preferably only partially perforated, is supported on similar cross pieces which are
also secured to the plates and which divide the space between the walls into
compartments so that too much grain shall not be held in any one place, and the
grain shall be held more evenly in the cylinder while the latter is revolving. The
cross pieces or partitions are provided with holes to facilitate the circulation of
heat. The compartments are filled and emptied through holes in the outer wall,
said holes being closed by a sliding plate also provided with holes which may be
caused to correspond with the holes in the cylinder when the same is being filled
and emptied.
The pipe on which the cylinder rotates is perforated and connects at one end
with a hot air supply by a pipe through which a blower drives the hot air received
from a pipe connecting with a funnel which has a deflector at the foot, this being
arranged above a boiler so that the waste heat of the boiler is utilized to provide
hot air for the drier. The pipe on which the cylinder rotates supports a frame-
work which has hollow heads fastened to the pipe and on this framework which
is located in the upper half of the cylinder is a cluster of steam pipes which
connect at one end with a steam supply pipe which connects with the upper part of
the boiler so as to receive dry steam. The exhaust steam from the cluster of pipes
passes out through pipes which return the steam to the boiler. Thus the cylinder
is heated by hot air blown into it and also by the direct radiation of the heater, and
as a result the coffee or other grain held in the compartments is quickly dried and
the drying is very even owing to the fact that the revolution of the cylinder tumbles
the grains and moves them all into contact with the heat.
I have described the heater as being stationary within the cylinder but it will be
understood that the heater, that is the cluster of pipes and their supporting heads,
may be mounted to turn with the cylinder with substantially the same effect and
without changing the principle of the invention. Or I may substitute a differently
constructed heater, for instance a heating coil for the cluster of pipes.
Dated this 13th day of August 1895.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, Loudon, Chartered Patent Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Coffee and other Matters.
I EMILIO CABRERO Y ECHEANDIA, of Cafetal Concepcion, Las Marias,
Puerto Rico, West India Islands, Planter do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to apparatus particularly adapted for drying coffee, but
which may also be used for drying other matters, and it has for its object to so
construct the apparatus that the material to be dried may be readily inserted in
and removed from the compartments adapted to contain it; to arrange the heating
apparatus so that all the grains will be thoroughly and similarly heated; to provide
a convenient means for introducing hot air into the cylinder of the drier so that it
must needs escape through the material to be dried; to provide a steam heater
adapted to be used in conjunction with the hot air, and to provide a convenient
means of introducing and carrying away the heating agents, all to the end that the
drier may work perfectly and with great rapidity.
To these ends my invention consists of certain features of construction and
combinations of the same, which will be hereinafter described and claimed.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
Specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in
all the views.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved drying apparatus ;
Figure 2 is an end view of the drier;"
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section and
Figure 4 is a cross section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.
The drier comprises a large cylinder 10, which may be of any necessary capacity,
and has closed ends 11. The cylinder is provided with axial sleeves 12 mounted
to rotate on an air pipe 31 to be referred to hereinafter, the sleeves having
collars 13 secured to the end plates 11, and sprocket wheels 14 which are driven
by chains 15 from other sprocket wheels 16 rigidly mounted on a drive shaft 17.
The shaft 17 receives its movement from the motor shaft 18 by any suitable means,
such as the chain 17" passing over sprocket wheels 17 and 17.
The cylinder 10 is provided with a series of communicating circumferential
compartments 19 (Figures 3 & 4) which are adapted to contain the material to be
dried, and are formed between two perforated walls 20 and 21, these walls being
of cylindrical shape, and the inner wall, which preferably is made of wire gauze so
as to be perforated in its entire surface, is supported on cross pieces 22 which are
secured to the end plates 11, while the outer wall 21 which may likewise be
perforated in its entire extent, but preferably has perforations only on horizontal
strips 21 is supported on similar cross pieces 23, which are also secured to the
plates 11 and which divide the space between the walls 20 and 21 into compart-
ments, so that too much grain shall not be held in any one place and also, to cause
the grain to be held more evenly in the cylinder while the latter is revolving.
The cross pieces or partitions 22 and 23 are provided with holes 24 to facilitate the
circulation of heat.
The compartments 19 are filled and emptied through holes 25, (see Figures 1
and 4) over which moves a slide 26, eacli slide being provided with holes 27
adapted to register with the holes 25, and also with handles 29 by which it may be
moved lengthwise, and each slide moves in a suitable way 28 and thus, by moving
the slide so that the holes 25 and 27 register, the compartments may be filled or
emptied, while by moving the slide in the reverse direction the compartments are
sealed.
Through the sleeves 12 passes the central perforated air pipe 31 which is

page_text: supported in standards 30 and connects at one end with a hot air supply by
a pipe 32 through which a blower 33 drives the hot air received from a
pipe 34 connecting with a funnel 35, which has a deflector 36 at the foot, arranged
above the boiler 37, the waste heat of which is utilized to provide hot air for the
drier.
The air pipe 31 supports a frame 38 which has heads 39 fastened to the pipe,.
and on this frame, which is located in the upper half of the cylinder, is mounted a
cluster 40 of steam pipes, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, connecting at one end with
a steam supply pipe 41, (see Figure 3,) which projects outward through the bend
of the pipe 32 and connects with the upper part of the boiler so as to receive dry
steam. The heads 39 are hollow as will be seen best in Figure 3. The exhaust
steam from the pipes 40 passes out through pipes 43 and 43" which return.
the steam to the boiler. It will thus be seen that the cylinder will be heated by
the hot air blown into it through the pipe 32, and also by the direct radiation of the
heater 40, and as a result the coffee or other grain contained in the compartments 19
is quickly and evenly dried, owing to the fact that the revolution of the cylinder
tumbles the grains and moves them all into contact with the heat.
I have shown the heater as arranged stationary within the cylinder, but it will be
understood that the heater, that is, the pipes 40 and their supporting heads, may be
mounted to turn with the cylinder with substantially the same effect, and without
changing the principle of the invention. Or I may substitute a differently
constructed heater, for instance, a heating coil, for the cluster of pipes shown in the
drawings.
Having now particularly desoribed and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1. A drier, comprising a revoluble cylinder having closed ends, a series of
communicating circumferential compartments with perforated outer and inner walls,
and a heater arranged within the cylinder, substantially as described.
2. A drier, comprising a revoluble cylinder having closed ends, a series of
communicating circumferential compartments with perforated inner and outer walls,.
openings for the admission and discharge of the material arranged in the outer wall
of each compartment, a longitudinally sliding door for each compartment, provided
with openings adapted to register with the openings in the outer wall of the
cylinder, and a steam heater arranged within the cylinder, substantially as
described.
3. The combination with the cylinder having a series of communicating circum-
ferential drying compartments, with perforated inner and outer walls, and a central
chamber for the heating apparatus, of the perforated air pipe extending through
the central chamber, means for supplying hot air to the pipe, the frame work
supported on the hot air pipe, the steam heater on the frame work, a steam supply
pipe connecting one end of the heater with a boiler, and a return pipe leading from
the other end of the heater to the boiler, substantially as described.
4. The combination with the revoluble drying cylinder having a central chamber
for the heating apparatus, of the perforated hot air pipe extending through the
central chamber, the boiler, the deflector and funnel arranged above the boiler, and
a blower connected with the said funnel and with. the perforated hot air pipe and
arranged to exhaust the hot air from the funnel and discharge it into the perforated
pipe, substantially as described.
5. The combination with the drying cylinder having a central chamber for the
heating apparatus, of a perforated hot air pipe extending centrally through the said
chamber, a boiler, a deflector, and funnel arranged above the boiler, a blower
arranged to exhaust the hot air from the funnel and discharge it into the perforated
hot air pipe, and a steam heater located above the hot air pipe and connected at one
end with a steam supply pipe leading from the boiler and at the other end with a.
return pipe leading to the boiler, substantially as described.

page_text: 6. A drier, comprising a revoluble cylinder having closed ends, a series of
communicating circumferential compartments having an inner wall perforated in its
entire extent, and an outer wall perforated on horizontal strips only, and a heater
within the cylinder, substantially as described.
7. A drier, comprising a revoluble drying cylinder having a central chamber for
the heating apparatus, a perforated air pipe extending through said chamber,
stationary hollow heads located in the said chamber and adapted for connection
with a boiler, and a cluster of pipes connecting said heads, substantially as
described.
Dated this 11th day of December 1895.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.