CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS UPON THE SWING AND WHEEL PLOUGHS, PLOUGH CARRIAGES, AND PLOUGH SHARES
Year: 1816

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
BROWN, of Burnham Westgate, in the County of Norfolk, Iron Founder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-third day of
March, in the fifty-sixth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the
said Samuel Brown, my exors, admors, and assigns, His especial licence, full
exors,
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Samuel Brown, my
adiiors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years
therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention communicated to me by my
late brother, Robert Brown, a short time previous to his death, of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS UPON THE SWING AND WHEEL PLOUGHS, PLOUGH CARRIAGES, AND
PLOUGH SHARES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
that if I, the said Samuel Brown, shall not particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause
the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted shall utterly cease, determine, and become void,
as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at
large enneer

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Samuel Brown, do hereby declare, that the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained as follows, that is to say:-
My improvements in the construction of ploughs consists of various alte-
rations in the formation of the different parts of a plough, which I conceive to
be novel and advantageous, the form, nature, and utility of which will be seen
by the annexed Drawings and following description thereof, where Fig. 1 re-
presents my improved plough put together complete. A, the breast or plate.
B, the share. C, the slade or heel iron. D, the head iron, &c.; the same
letters refering to the same part in every Figure. F. 2, represents the same
plough divested of the breast or pat, for the purpose of observing its various
parts, which are covered or hid by the breast in the former Figure. The
three following Figures represent the head iron; the slade iron, and the share,
in three different positions.
Fig. 3 is side or edge views of the head iron D, the slade iron C, and the
share B, detatched from each other;
Fig. 4 is a representation of the same articles, as seen on the upper side;
And Fig. 5 is the under side of the same. By these detatched representations
the form and make of the plough improved me is clearly seen.
My first improvement consists in an extra neb (a) at the end of the head,
for the purpose of confining the share, which is slipped into the groove (b);
thus produced between the two nebs; and in order that the share may fit
properly into the nebs, this groove, as well as the socket of the ploughshare,
must be cast or wrought of a corresponding shape to fit each other, which
may be either of a convex form as in the Drawings, or flat, angular, concave,
or of any form at the pleasure of the manufacturer. The groove or opening
in the socket of the share is intended to clear a bolt connecting the breast
and head of the plough together, and the ears c, c, (see B, 1,) on the under
side of the ploughshare, are designed to hold it more tight upon the neb.
With respect to the slad iron, heel iron, and share, the Drawings will suffi-
ciently express that form which I adopt and recommend as most elegible, as
well as the thicknesses and hollows calculated to give substance and strength
where the bolts pass through to connect the slade and head together.
Another improvement which I recommend, consists of sockets to receive
the ends of the wooden tail and skife, to prevent the same from decaying,
which sockets are seen in Fig. 6; in this Figure E, E, represent the side
and front views of the tail socket, on the underneath part of which is a dove-
tail to fit a mortice in the head iron at (d),. Fig. 4, by which it is attached
to the head iron, as seen in Fig. 2, and fastened by a bolt or screw on the

page_text: under side, (on this socket is seen a lip to receive (G) for the purpose of con-
necting it with the pat or breast, and regulating the width of the same; but
this last contrivance I do not claim as part of my Invention, it having been
long in use). F, F, of the same Figure, represent the side and front views
of the skife socket, with a dovetail under fitted to a mortice, and screwed to
the head iron as E. The breast or pat A is attached to the plough by means
of screw bolts, that at the nose end passing through the breast, and the neb
is seen on the under side of the head with its nut (f), Fig. 5;
end of the breast is intended to connect with the bar G, upon
tail socket as before described in Fig. 6.
that at the tail
the lip of the
Fig. 7 is an inside view of the breast or pat in which the bolt holes just
described can be likewise seen, but this Figure is intended to shew the reest (h)
attached to the bottom of the breast by means of nuts and screws passing
through long holes, or where several holes may be made for the purpose of
rising or lowering the bearing of the breast upon the ground.
And my last improvement is, in the construction of the carriage for wheel
ploughs.
Fig. 8 represents the proposed carriage. H, a plate of iron with boxes
under the same, I, I, to receive the axle of the wheels. On the face of the
iron plate are two mortices to receive the uprights, which mortices are to be
convex or dovetailed at the pleasure of the manufacturer, provided the uprights
are made to correspond with the mortices into which they are fastened by
means of screws or bolts.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixteen