IMPROVEMENTS IN MA IN MACHINERY FOR ETCHING OR ENGRAVING ROLLERS FOR CALICO PRINTERS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Leake, of the Strangeways Engraving.
Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA
IN MACHINERY FOR ETCHING OR ENGRAVING ROLLERS FOR
CALICO PRINTERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Leake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th May 1870.
I, ROBERT LEAKE, of the Strangeways Engraving Works, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ETCHING OR ENGRAVING
ROLLERS FOR CALICO PRINTERS," to be as follows:-
1
The first part of my Invention is applicable to pentagraph machines,
and it consists in an improved arrangement of parts for giving a
vibratory or wave motion to the roller to be engraved, by means' of.
which the engraving is made to retain the color better than heretofore?
To obtain this motion I apply to the rails which support the mandril
and roller a cross slide with antifriction-rollers, or I apply an antifriction
الب الاحيف
...

page_text: slide to the bearings or journals which support the mandril, and by
means of eccentrics, levers, or toothed wheels, or other equivalents,
I give a direct lateral to-and-fro motion to the roller. On the mandril
is fixed a wheel which is acted on by a worm and wheel, or band and
pulley, or other equivalents; the tracer bars are acted upon by bands
and connecting rods, or levers, or bands, and by means of eccentric or
toothed wheels, or a worm and wheel fixed on a movable stud or slide;
the object of thus giving motion to the tracer bars is to bring the
tracer point back to any definite part of the pattern to be copied. For
engraving machines with a curved table I fix two parallel slides sup-
ported on antifriction bearings between the discs which support the
roller, which slides are fitted with a cross slide and movable bearings, as
above described.
Another part of my Invention consists in an improved application of
machinery for transferring a design from a cylinder or other surface to a
"mill." To accomplish this I support the "mill" to be engraved in
journals or bearings or on centres, to which a circular motion is given
by worm and wheel or bands and pulleys, and by means of a suitable
slide which supports the cutting tool or tools or revolving cutter; this
slide is acted on by levers, crank levers, and tracing lever, actuated by
the pattern to be copied or transferred, which pattern may be made to
turn faster or slower than the "mill" to be engraved by means of toothed
wheels or band and pulleys; the tool slide is acted upon by toothed
wheels or eccentrics; the cutting tool may be made to traverse, and also
the pattern to be copied or transferred laterally, diagonally, or in the form
of wave or waves by the application of cross- slides and by a screw or
rack and toothed wheels.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
.
filed by the said Robert Leake in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th November 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
LEAKE, of the Strangeways Engraving Works, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of May, in the year

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Robert Leake, Her special license that I,
the said Robert Leake, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Robert Leake, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and ·
Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ETCHING
OR ENGRAVING ROLLERS FOR CALICO PRINTERS,” upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Robert Leake, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Leake, do hereby declare
the nature of my, said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :—
The first part of my Invention is applicable to pentagraph machines,
and it consists in an improved arrangement of parts for giving a
vibratory or wave motion to the roller to be engraved, by means of
which the engraving is made to retain the color better than heretofore;
also in a modification of the above to engraving machines with a curved
table.
Another part of my Invention consists in an improved application of
machinery for transferring a design from a cylinder- or other surface to
a. mill.
i
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation I will proceed to describe the three accompanying
Sheets of Drawings.
On Sheet 1, Fig. 1, is an end view of a Shields' pentagraph machine, to
which the first part of my Invention is applied; Fig. 2 is a front view

page_text: +
a is the roller to be engraved; b, the mandril on which, are fixed the
discs . These discs in the ordinary Shields', machine rest upon the
sliding rails c, but according to my present improvement they bear upon
'the cross slides e' resting upon the antifriction rollers c² which are placed
between the cross slides c¹ and the rails c; these rollers are united at
their ends by bridles, as shewn in Fig. 2. d is the table on which the
enlarged pattern is fixed; e, the tracer point fixed to the tracer bar e';
this bar passes through the traversing bar f, the lateral to-and-fro motions
of which are transmitted to the rails c in the manner described in the
Specification of the Patent granted to William Shields on the Thirtieth
day of October One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, Number
2758. g, g, are the diamond points or other tools connected to the tool
slides h, h, and i is the treadle; these parts are made as usual.
I will now proceed to describe my improved arrangement of machinery
for giving a vibratory or wave motion to the roller a, the discs 6¹ being
supported on antifriction slides c¹, as above described, are free to move
to and fro endwise on the application of end pressure, and this to-and-fro
motion in combination with a partial rotary motion imparts the desired
wave to the lines engraved on the roller. The to-and-fro end motion is
given to the roller a by the eccentric j, fixed on the shaft 1, the
eccentric ; acts on the lever k, which is fixed to the same shaft as the
vertical lever ¹ acting on the end of the set screw 1, fitting in a slot in
the lever I', which vibrates on the fulcrum stud 12, the upper end of the
lever is provided with a set screw 73, the point of which acts on one
end of the mandril b. When the mandril 6 has been moved in the
direction of the arrow by the eccentric j it is brought back by the
weighted elbow lever m which has a regulating 'set screw m¹ acting on
the other end of the mandril. The amount of end motion thus given to
the roller may be varied by altering the position of the set screw / in
the slot of the lever . A constant rotary motion is given to the
shaft by a band from a pulley on a counter shaft passing around the
pulley or in any other convenient manner; to the end of the shaft is
fixed the worm gearing into the wheel n fixed to the shaft n', revolving
in a bush, the shank of which passes through a socket, by this
arrangement the level of the shaft n' can be varied to suit the diameter
of the wheel n, which is changed to vary, the number of waves in the
circumference of the roller; to the shaft n' is also fixed the worm n². At
each end of the worm n³ is connected one end of the band o, this band
.
:

page_text: communicates the requisite transverse motion to the tracing bar e¹ for.
producing the wave in the following manner :-The end o' of the band is
fixed to the inner end of the worm n³, and after the band has been coiled
partly round the worm it is taken under the guide pulley o*, then around
the guide pulley o³, from which it is taken across the machine to the guide
pulley o', the stud of which is fixed in a slotted bracket to allow the
position of the pulley of to be varied to compensate for the raising or
lowering of the shaft n', and to take up the slack of the cord. After
leaving the pulley o*, the cord o`is attached to the bracket f¹ fixed to
the traversing bar fand thence across the machine to the pulley o³, then
under the pulley oº, from whence it rises to the worm n² around which it.
is coiled and to which the end of the cord is attached at o'. The shaft n¹
is moved to and fro end wise to bring the wheel n in and out of gear with
the worm in the following manner :-To the treadle i is fixed the lower
end of the band the upper end of which is fixed to the horizontal arm
of the elbow lever.2, the vertical arm of which fits between the end of the
worm n³ and a collar on the shaft n¹; when the treadle is up the spring
or other equivalent draws the wheel n into gear with the worm j³.
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:
The mode of operation is as follows, and the Drawing shews the parts,
in the positions they occupy when the wave motion is being given to.
the roller a, the treadle i is now supposed to be held down by the foot of.
the operator. As soon as the treadle is released the diamond points or .
other tools are thrown out of contact with the roller as usual, and the..
spring acting on the elbow lever 3 moves the shaft n' endwise, so as to
draw the wheel n out of gear with the worm, thereby stopping the band o,
and by it the partial rotary motion of the roller a. While the treadle is
up as shewu in dotted lines, the tracer bar e' can be brought back by hand.
to the starting point of the pattern in the same manner as is now
customary with the ruling plate. The disc j' on the shaft and the,
catch, the point of which enters into a recess in the disc j* are to...
enable the attendent to start the pattern at the same portion of the.
eccentric.
Instead of supporting the roller a on the antifriction slides c' as
described, it may be supported by causing the bearings of the mandril' b,
to rest upon antifriction rollers, as shewn by dotted lines; when this
arrangement is adopted the partial rotary motion may be given to
the roller.a by the pinion on the shaft, this pinion gears into the .
carrier wheel p driving the wheel pon the shaft p² to which is fixed the
.

page_text: worm p gearing into the wheel 63 fixed to the mandril b. The to-and-,
fro end motion would in this case be given to the roller a by the lever,.
above described.
On Sheet 2, Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation; and Fig. 4 a front view
partly in section of a Rigby Pentagraph Machine, to which my
improvements are applied. In this machine the mechanism for giving
the partial rotary motion to the roller, and the lateral to-and-fro motions
to the diamond point or other tools, is made in the manner described in
the Specifications of the Patents granted to William Rigby, on the
Seventh day of April One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, Number
819, and on the First day of January One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-seven, Number 3 with such alterations as are required for the appli-
cation of my improved machinery for giving a wave motion to the roller
for the purpose described.
In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shewn the ends of the roller a, supported on
the antifriction slides c¹ resting on the rollers c² which bear upon the
sliding rails c, these rails rest upon the rollers which revolve in
adjustable fixed bearings. The rails c are moved to and fro by the
discs g, which in Rigby's machine impart the partial rotary motion to
the roller a direct. In this arrangement the worm ³ drives the pinion n
which is mounted on the same stud as the change pinion n¹ gearing into
the wheel n' which slides on a key on the shaft of the worm n³ and this
wheel n' is drawn out of gear with the pinion n' by the elbow lever ³,
which is actuated by the cord i connected below to the treadle i as before
described. The cord o, the ends of which are connected to the worm n*
in the manner described before, is in this instance taken round the
pulley o on the axle f of the discs g, consequently, as the worm n² is-
moved by the worm j³ and parts acting in combination therewith, the,
cord o imparts the requisite vibrating motion to the rails c for producing.
a part of the wave, the other part being produced by the end to-and-fro
motion of the roller, which is obtained by the eccentric j, levers k, k¹,
and, as before described. The roller a is brought back after each motion
by the weighted elbow lever m and vertical lever m² shewn in Fig. 4.
In Fig. 3 I have shewn only one set of diamond points or other tools,
but more than one set may be employed, and I would also observe that
in Fig. 4 I have shewn the ends of the roller a resting on the antifriction
slides c', it is however evident that in this case the roller may be sup-
ported on discs 6', as shewn in Fig. 2. My Invention may be modified,
.

page_text: by causing the levers k¹ and P, or a modification thereof to give an end
to-and-fro motion to the tool slides h instead of to the roller a.
'
On Sheet 3, Fig. 5 is an elevation partly in section of my improved
machinery for transferring; a design from a cylinder or other surface to a
mill whereby the pattern is produced directly on the mill, whereas it has
heretofore been necessary to engrave the pattern on a die and then to
transfer it to the mill; Fig. 6 is a front view; and Fig. 7 a plan of the.
same. In these views represents the mill, and 8, s¹, the wood or other
cylinders on which the pattern to be transferred to the mill, is cut or
produced, either by projections and recesses or either or both.
I wish to observe here that in many cases one pattern cylinder & is.
sufficient and that by modifying the transferring machinery the pattern
may be made on a flat surface instead of cylindrical.
82
+
The machine consists of the bed t with a carriage t, also of the fast
headstock t, and sliding headstock ; these parts are like an ordinary
lathe. The mill is supported either in the centres of the headstocks, or
in the bearings fitting in the cross beam 7%, which is supported on the.
bed of the machine. The pattern cylinders 8, 8', revolve in adjustable
bearings &² fitting on the double cross slide u; this slide is provided with
two screws for giving the lateral motion to the bearings, one
of these bearings on each side of the slide has a nut taking into the
corresponding screw u³, and the other bearings have holes large enough
to pass over the screws, the bearings at each side of the slide being
connected by the flat rods u³. To the carriage t¹ are fixed the brackets t²
and , to the former is fixed the fulcrum for the lever v, in which is
the tracer v¹ resting upon the pattern cylinder 8, and to the latter is
fixed the fulcrum of the lever v³, in which is the tracer v³ resting upon
the cylinders. The regulating screw * is to govern the depth of
action of the tracers v and v³, and the regulating screw v³ is to combine
the action of both the levers v and v². To the lever vis cast or fixed
a V-plate, on which the slide ve is moved up and down by the screw v².
The slide vs is connected to the cross slide w by the double forked
link w¹. Upon the cross slide wis the second slide w², in which fits the
plate of the tool rest w³; in this tool rest is fixed the socket 10' for the-
cutting tool 10%, which acts on the mill ". By means of the levers v
and 3, and the parts to which they give motion, the inequalities in the
surfaces of the pattern cylinders 8, s, impart corresponding recesses of
unequal depths in the surface of the mill r, and these recesses can be

page_text: .
made more or less deep by varying the position of the slide on the
lever v, and by lowering the slide ve until the point of connection of
the link w¹ comes below the fulcrum of the lever v, the motion of the
slide w may be reversed. A slight vibrating motion in both directions
to produce waves or zig-zags may be given to the tool w³, and by it to
form the pattern on the mill in the following manner:-To the cross
slide w is fixed the bracket x, at the extremity of which are two pro-
jections, between which the eccentric x¹ revolves, this eccentric is fixed
on the upright shaft x³, which is driven by the pinion on the cross
shaft, and to the slide w² is fixed the bracket y, which is actuated by
the eccentric y¹ on the shaft y³, which is driven by the pinion y³ on the
shaft ; the throw of the eccentrics x¹ and y' can be varied by a
joggle slide and screw in the ordinary manner, and shewn in the
Drawings, or instead of eccentrics cam plates of various shapes may be
used.
The motion may be given to the cutting tool w³ by the pattern cylinder
or cylinders, or by the eccentrics, or by a combination of them. A
revolving cutter may be used instead of the cutting tool w³..
The requisite rotary motion is given to the various shafts and other
working parts of the machine by the worm z gearing into a wheel on
the spindle of the fast headstock and by the various wheels and pinions
shewn in the Drawing, and as all the motions must be varied according
to the patterns to be produced the wheels and pinions are capable of
being changed.
The mode of operation is as follows:-The position of the tool w³ is
adjusted by bringing the point thereof in contact with the surface of the
mill when the tracers v¹ and v³ are in recesses in the pattern cylinders
8, 81, so that when the traces are raised by the pattern the point of the
cutting tool produces a corresponding indentation in the mill, the depth
of the indentation being governed by the position of the slide ve on the
lever v.
The lateral motion of the mill is given by the screw of the bed t,
and the lateral motion of the pattern cylinders is given by the screws u',
as above described, and it is evident that these lateral motions must
be varied according to the length of the mill and that of the pattern
cylinders.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the

page_text: manner of performing the same, I wish to remark that I do not intend
to limit myself to the details given, nor do I claim any of the well-
known parts of machinery shewn to illustrate the application of my
improvements; but what I claim is,―
First. The improved machinery shewn and described in reference
to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 for giving a vibratory or wave motion to
the roller to be engraved in a pentagraph machine, and particularly
the modes described for supporting the roller to allow it to be moved to
and fro endwise.
Secondly. The band marked o and parts acting in combination
therewith for imparting the traversing motion to the tracer bar, and
for bringing the tracer back to the point from which it is desired to
start.
Thirdly. The application of the machinery shewn and described in
reference to Figs. 5, 6, and 7, whereby the pattern may be transferred
from a cylindrical or other surface to a mill.
And, lastly. The application of eccentrics or cams for imparting a wave
or zig-zag motion to the pattern on the mill.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Leake, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this First day of November One thousand
eight hundred and seventy.
PORTDA THAT