Year: 1888

page_text: We, SAMUEL HENRY JOHNSON of the Engineering Works, Stratford, in the County
of Essex, Engineer, and CHRISTOPHER CLARKE HUTCHINSON also of the Engineering
Works, Stratford aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
Hitherto the solid resisting plates or diaphragms which divide the interior space in
a filler press into a series of chambers have been provided with coverings of filtering
media of a perishable character generally consisting of textile fabrics, paper, matting,
or wire gauze, and requiring frequent replacement.
Now the object of this invention is to dispense with the use of filter cloths or other.
such perishable media and to make the partition diaphragms in filter presses fulfil the
function of such media.
We generally build up the diaphragms in parts, and so form the component parts
of them that there are formed fine filtering slits on the faces of the diaphragmis by
the simple contact or juxtaposition of the said parts.
We may also form the diaphragms, whether simple or built up, so that they or their
component parts constitute diaphragms with receptacles on their surfaces into which
we put suitable comminuted or porous materials such as sand, powdered glass,
carbon, etc.
We provide channels by means of which the filtered liquid may be collected and
conducted to the main outlets from the machine with fucility.
Dated this 50th dow of March 1900

page_text: In Figures 1 to 3 the bars a are flat and the filtrate enters the interstices between
them and runs down between their surfaces into the passage d. However smooth
these surfaces may be there is always a small space which is sufficient in many
casos. This form of press is very suitable where the amount of solid matter is large
compared with the amount of liquid to be expressed.
It is also a very cheap and simple construction which is a matter of great
importance when glass is the material employed in the construction as is the case
when some acids are to be filtered.
The diaphragm shown at Figures 4 to 6 is similar to that last described except
that the bars a are channelled to allow a larger quantity of liquid to get away.
In both Figures 1 to 3 and 4 to 6 openings e are provided to allow of the
bars being inserted. into place. These openings are closed with screw plugs or
otherwise.
.
having
which are held
In Figures 7 to 9 the sides of the frame b are connected by a plate
channels upon its surface. These channels are covered with bars
in position by the cross bars on each side and the bolts and nuts g¹.
In Figures 10 to 12 the sides of the frame are connected by a grating on
each side of which is a slotted plate the slots of the plate coinciding with the.
bars of the grating. The filtrate enters through the slots and then passes along
between the surfaces of the bars and the plates and escapes into the spaces between
the bars of the grating and so to the outlet.
The constructions shown in Figures 7 to 9 and 10 to 12 are not recommended
in ordinary cases as it is difficult and expensive to get the surfaces to fit with
sufficient accuracy to give good results.
The diaphragm shown in Figures 13 to 15 is constructed of channel bars in a
similar way to that shown in Figures 4 to 6 but the bars are provided with wings
on each side which form receptacles for sand powdered glass charcoal or other
material or it may be for the solid matter filtered out. A section to a larger
scale of part of this plate is shown at Figure 19.
The supplementary opening e is not required in this case the bars being passed
in at the outlet opening d.
The diaphragm shown in Figures 16 to 18 is upon a similar principle but it is
made in a single casting in place of being built up of a number of bars a.
A part
of it is shown to a larger scale at Figure 20. In this case the filtrate runs along the
bottom of the channels formed by the projecting wings (which may be filled with
coarser material than at the front to assist in the passage) and enters vertical
channels which lead to the two outlet orifices d d.
For most purposes the plate Figures 13 to 15 is to be preferred to that shown at
Figures 16 to 18 and it is peculiarly suitable for the filtration of large volumes of
fluid containing comparatively little solid matter.
Figure 21 is a section and Figures 22 and 23 alternative front elevations of part
of a diaphragm which is similar to that shown in Figures 16 to 18 except that the
receptacles are not continuous across it.
It will be understood that this invention is applicable to other constructions of filter
presses to. those shown and that particularly the arrangement of the inlet and
outlet openings and channels may be greatly varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. Filter presses in which filter cloths or other such perishable media are dispensed
with, the filtration being obtained by fine slits formed on the faces of the diaphragms
by simple contact or juxtaposition of the parts of which they are built up.
2. Filter presses in which filter clots or other such perishable media are dispensod
with the filtration being obtained by means of diaphragms whether simple or built
up having on their surfaces receptacles for comminuted or porous material.

page_text: 3. Filter presses with diaphragms substantially as described and shown in Figures 1.
to 3.
4. Filter presses with diaphragms substantially as described and shown in Figures 4
to 6.
5. Filter presses with diaphragms substantially as described and shown in Figures 7
to 9.
6. Filter presses with diaphragms substantially as described and shown in Figures 10.
to 12.
7.
Filter presses with diaphragms substantially as described and shown in Figures 13
to 15 and 19.
8.
Filter prosses with diaphragms substantially as described and shown in Figures 16
to 18 and 20.
9. Filter presses with diaphragmns substantially as described and shown in Figures 21
to 23.
4000
SAML. H. JOHNSON.
C. C. HUTCHINSON.