Improvements in Incandescence Spirit Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Incandescence Spirit Lamps.
I EDWARD BECKER, of 18, Gobenstrasse, Berlin in the Empire of Germany,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention for improvements in incandescence spirit lamps has for its object
to provide a lamp from which a regular and steady flame is obtained the external
parts of the lamp being kept cool and smells from the heating gases prevented.
In a lamp constructed according to this invention a tube closed below by a plate
and open at its top screws into the reservoir. Within the tube is fixed a small
central wick tube. Around the central wick tube and within the outer tube are
two or more main wick tubes. The wick tubes pass through the bottom plate of
the outer tube so that the wicks can pass into the reservoir. A sleeve is arranged
upon the central wick tube and adapted to be raised or lowered by means of a rack
fixed to the said sleeve and gearing with a pinion on the wick regulating spindle
serving to adjust the size of the flame or extinguish it completely. The main wick
tubes terminate at their upper ends in a retort having upwardly directed discharge
nozzles; a pipe extending through the central part of the retort serves as a draught
pipe or chimney to the heating flame, and is surrounded and overtopped by a
Bunsen tube having an enlargement at its lower end which is perforated with the
air holes and bears with its lower edge upon the retort. The upper end of the
Bunsen tube is preferably diminished in size and a taper tube arranged in its
interior. The upper ends of the Bunsen tube and the said taper tube are closed by
a cap placed thereon; this cap is provided at the top with discharge outlets and at
the bottom with a radial extension forming the chimney carrier. A vertical pin
fixed at its lower end in the said cap is arranged for supporting the incandescence
mantle which latter is surrounded by the chimney. The draught pipe and Bunsen
tube are provided with lateral openings through which a horizontal transverse pipe
passes having an opening at the centre of its lower face so that the waste gases
rising in the draught pipe are conducted away through the open ends of the
transverse pipe. The parts above the reservoir are enclosed by an outer casing
formed with a contraction at its upper part and connected by means of a bayonet
joint or a screw thread with the tube from the reservoir. In its lower part the
projecting casing is provided with apertures of any desired shape and with a larger
opening for the introduction of a match for the purpose of lighting the heating
flame.
In the use of a lamp constructed as hereinbefore described the spirit raised by
the main wicks from the spirit receptacle into the retort is gasified by the heating
flatne and the gases collect in the retort and pass through the nozzles into the
Bunsen tube and mixing with the air entering through the holes in the latter,
burn at the top as they pass from the outlets in the cap. The waste gases of the
heating flame rise in the draught pipe and leave on both sides through the
transverse pipe being afterwards compelled by the contraction of the outer casing
to pass out upwards through the chimney. This mode of discharging the waste
gases does not give rise to smells; moreover as the draught pipe always draws the
heating flame upwards, the protecting outer casing of the apparatus remains quite
cool. The draught pipe al effects an energetic preliminary heating of the mixture
of gas and air in the Bunsen tabe because this mixture passes upwards along the

page_text: hot wall of the draught pipe thereby increasing the heating power of the Bunsen
flame. The improved arrangement provides for a perfectly regular and steady
burning of the flame even if the lamp is carried about or is swung to and fro.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
I, EDWARD BECKER, of 18 Gobenstrasse, Berlin in the Empire of Germany,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention for improvements in incandescence spirit lamps has for its object
to provide a lamp from which a regular and steady flame is obtained the external
parts of the lamp being kept cool, and smells from the heating gases prevented.
The accompanying drawing shews two vertical sections taken at right angles to
one another of one form of lamp constructed according to this invention.
In a lamp constructed according to this invention a tube a closed below by a
Within the tube a is fixed a
plate and open at its top a' screws into the reservoir.
small central wick tube b. Around the central wick tube band within the outer
tube a are two or more main wick tubes c. The wick tubes be pass through the
bottom plate of the outer tube a so that the wicks b' c¹ can pass into the reservoir.
A sleeve d is arranged upon the central wick tube b and adapted to be raised or
lowered by means of a rack e fixed to the said sleeve and gearing with a
pinion e
on the wick regulating spindle f, serving to adjust the size of the flame or extinguish
it completely. The main wick tubes e terminate at their upper ends in a retort g
having upwardly directed discharge nozzles h. A pipe i extending through the
central part of the retort g serves as a draught pipe or chimney to the heating
flame, and is surrounded and overtopped by a Bunsen tube & having an enlarge-
ment at its lower end k¹ which is perforated with the air holes k and bears with
its lower edge upon the retort. The upper end of the Bunsen tube k is preferably
diminished in size and a taper tube arranged in its interior. The upper ends
of the Bunsen tube k and the said taper tube kare closed by a cap 7 placed
thereon and provided at the top with discharge outlets l' and at the bottom with a
radial extension, forming the chimney carrier. A vertical pin n fixed at its lower
end in the said cap is arranged for supporting the incandescence mantle O surrounded
by the chimney p. The draught pipe i and Bunsen tube k are provided with lateral
openings through which a horizontal transverse pipe q passes having an opening g
at the centre of its lower face so that the waste gases rising in the draught pipe i
are conducted away through the open ends of the transverse pipe q. The parts
above the reservoir are enclosed by an outer casing r formed with a contraction r
at its upper part and connected by means of a bayonet joint or a screw thread with
the head a" of the tube a from the reservoir. In its lower part the protecting
casing is provided with apertures of any desired shape and with a larger opening
for the introduction of a match for the purpose of lighting the heating flame b'.
In the use of a lamp constructed as hereinbefore described the spirit raised by
the main wicks c from the spirit receptacle into the retort g is gasified by the
heating flame and the gases collect in the retort g and pass through the nozzles
into the Bunsen tube k and mixing with the air entering through the holes k" in
the latter, burn at the top as they pass from the outlets in the cap 1. The waste
gases of the heating flame rise in the draught pipe i and leave on both sides

page_text: through the transverse pipe q being afterwards compelled by the contraction of the
outer casing to pass out upwards through the chimney p. This mode of discharging
the waste gases does not give rise to smells; moreover as the draught pipe i always
draws the heating flame upwards the protecting outer casing r of the apparatus
remains quite cool. The draught pipe also effects an energetic preliminary heating
of the mixture of gas and air in the Bunsen tube because this mixture passes
upwards along the hot wall of the draught pipe i thereby increasing the heating
power of the Bunsen flame. The improved arrangement. provides for a perfectly
regular and steady burning of the flame even if the lamp is carried about or is
swung to and fro.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. A spirit incandescence lamp, in which the heating gases of the gasifying
flame are conducted through the Bunsen burner by means of a pipe serving as a
draught cylinder and extending through the gasifying retort, and are conducted by
means of a branch pipe q and the contraction of the protecting casing r into the
cylinder p for the main flame and away from the same, for the purpose of removing
the heating gases without causing any smell, heating the mixture of gas and
air, keeping the external parts cool, and always obtaining a regular and steady
flame.
2. The improvements in incandesceace spirit lamps substantially as described
with reference to the drawings.
thie 18th day of February 1897.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.