An Improved Cooling Apparatus for Fluids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 7th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Cooling Apparatus for Fluids.
I THOMAS LEDWARD of 9 Pendrell Road Brockley in the County of Kent,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to an improved cooling apparatus for liquids or gases
and is particularly applicable to condensing the exhaust steam from steam
engines.
It consists essentially of a coil or coils of plain, corrugated, grooved, or
gilled pipes through which the fluid to be cooled is caused to pass, while the
cooling medium (preferably cold water) runs over the outside of the said pipes.
The novelty in my invention consists in employing between the said pipe a plate
or plates which may be plain, corrugated, perforated, or otherwise arranged in
such manner as to offer a large surface for exposing the cooling medium to the
air. The heat which is absorbed by the cooling medium in passing over each
pipe becomes dissipated by the aforesaid plate before the cooling medium touches
the next pipe so that its cooling or condensing power is restored to it. The
said plates may be arranged between every two pipes or between groups of
pipes, the essence of the invention being the alternate reception of heat by the
cooling medium and its transfer to the surrounding air. Instead of plates I
may use open gauze or lattice-work.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1893
An Improved Cooling Apparatus for Fluids.
I, THOMAS LEDWARD of 35 Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London,
Engineer (also of 9 Pendrell Road, Brockley in the County of Kent) do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following,
statement :-
This invention relates to an improved cooling apparatus for liquids or gases,
and is particularly applicable to condensing the exhaust steam from steam
engines.
It consists essentially of a coil or coils of plain, corrugated, grooved or
gilled pipes through which the fluid to be cooled is caused to pass while the
cooling medium (preferably cold water) runs over the outside of the said pipes.
The novelty of my invention consists in employing between the said pipes a
plate or plates which may be plain, corrugated, perforated or otherwise arranged
in such a manner as to offer a large surface for exposing the cooling medium
to the air. The heat which is absorbed by the cooling medium in passing over
each pipe becomes dissipated by the aforesaid plate before the cooling medium
touches the next pipe, so that its cooling or condensing power is restored to it.
The said plates may be arranged between every two pipes or between groups
of pipes, the essence of the invention being the alternate reception of heat by
the cooling medium, & its transfer to the surrounding air. Instead of plates I
may use open gauze or latticework.

page_text: In order to illustrate the invention more clearly I append drawings.
The letters on Sheet I refer to the various parts as follows.
a is the coil or series of pipes conveying the fluid to be cooled.
b is the inlet to said coil; and
c is the outlet for the fluid after cooling.
d is a pipe or trough conveying the cooling medium preferably water, which is
pumped from
e the cooling tank, by
f the circulating pump, which keeps the cooling medium in constant motion, &
spreads it thro' jets in d over the pipes.
9, 9, 9, are the aforesaid plates arranged between the coils in such a manner as
to receive the cooling water as it runs over each pipe a, & by spreading it as
a film over a large surface which is exposed to the air & to the influences of
evaporation, thereby cooling the said water before it reaches the next pipe.
The advantage of this invention is that it permits of a small quantity of
water being kept in constant circulation & used over & over again for cooling &
condensing purposes.
It is of course essential to the success of this system that the plates be
exposed freely to the air, or that a forced current of air be blown over them.
The drawing on Sheet II shows an arrangement of enclosed cooler or con-
denser with a mechanical blower for providing the necessary current of air.
In this the same letters of reference are used, to indicate similar parts as in
Sheet I.
a is the pipe or series of pipes which may be of plain, grooved, gilled, or
corrugated section & of any size serving to. convey the fluid to be cooled.
c shows the outlet for the condensed fluid.
d the pipe for supplying the cooling water.
9, the plates or trays for restoring the temperature of the cooling water.
m is the mechanical blower or fan for forcing the air.
Referring again to Sheet I, I desire to explain that the plate g, represents a
plate with vertical ribs placed close together; g₁ a perforated plate or frame of
gauze, trellis, or lattice work; 92 a plate formed with corrugations vertical or
horizontal while 92 on Sheet II shows a plate or tray with horizontal ribs.
Each or all or any combination of these or similar forms may be used without
departing from the subject of my invention, & the plates may be constructed of
material which will withstand the action of the water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In a cooling apparatus or condenser the use or employment of heat dispersing
plates or trays arranged between the pipes or groups of pipes in the manner
and for the purpose herein set forth and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 20th day of February 1894.
THOS. LEDWARD.