IMPROVEMENTS IN LACING HOOKS AND STUDS FOR WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LACING HOOKS AND
STUDS FOR WEARING APPAREL," A communication from abroad by George
Whitney Prentice, of Providence, State of Rhode Island, United States of
America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th May 1881.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LACING HOOKS AND STUDS FOR WEARING APPAREL." A communication from
abroad by George Whitney Prentice, of Providence, State of Rhode Island, United
States of America.
In the Drawings Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 show a stud which consists of an improved
metallic connection having a central shank to receive the button head, which may
be moulded thereon during the process of manufacture, an intermediate neck
portion adapted to receive an eyelet, and a connecting plate provided with fastening
prongs bent at right angles thereto.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation of the said device; Figure 2 is a vertical
longitudinal section of the same; Figures 3 and 4 are detail views.
Figures 5 and 6 show a stud formed with a triangular shaped head or shank, an
intermediate neck portion, and a connecting plate provided with fastening prongs
bent at right angles thereto, all formed of a single piece of metal, the triangular-
shaped head being adapted to receive a button head which may be moulded or
cast thereon.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of said device.
Figuro 6 is a vertical longitudinal section of same.
Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 show a hook formed from a single piece of round, half

page_text: Figure 47 is a perspective view of the device.
Figure 48 is a top view of the inverted hook.
"
My Invention relates to improvements in lacing hooks and studs for wearing
apparel, such fastening devices being attached to leather, cloth, or other fabric
without the aid of sewing.
Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the Drawing, A represents the metallic
connection formed of round, half round, or flat wire bent into shape so as to form
an eye or shank a, which is adapted to receive a button head b composed of leather,
paper pulp, or other material, which may be moulded or formed thereon during the
process of manufacture, said connection A being also formed with an intermediate
neck c adapted to receive an eyelet d, and with a connecting plate or basc e
provided with sharp penetrating prongs f bent at right angles thereto, as shown.
By means of the spread shank the button head b is held closely thereon, and is
prevented from being pulled off by any ordinary strain, while the rounded surface
of the eyelet d serves the purpose of a neck where the stud is used upon fabrics,
and enables it also to serve as a lacing stud for boots and gloves, the tie passing
around the eyelet under the button head. The interposition of the eyelet d
between the button head b and the connecting plate or base e serves the important
and double purpose of keeping the button head from twisting to one side and
wearing the button hole, and of reducing the friction upon the tie, and in like
manner increasing its durability. The device thus constructed and arranged may
be attached to cloth fabric or leather by means of the setting prongs f
Referring to Figures 5 and 6 of the Drawing, A represents the fastening device
formed from a single piece of metal, and provided with one, two, three, or more
fastening prongs a, as may be deemed preferable, for attaching the same to wearing
apparel, said fastening device being also provided with a raised shank b formed by
bending the central portion of the fastener into a triangle shape, upon which may
be cast or molded with button head B. The lower part of the triangular shaped
head or shank b forms an intermediate neck portion which stands at right angles
to the connecting plate, which is provided with fastening prongs a bent at right
angles thereto. The device thus constructed is attached to the material by the
use of a suitable setting instrument, which forces the sharp prongs through the
material, turns them up, and imbeds them in the under surface thereof. The
advantage of this device resides in its being complete in itself, and not made in
two parts like the ordinary fastening devices and button in common use.
In Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10 of the Drawing the device is formed complete of half-
round, flat, round, or any other shaped wire by bending the wire together at the
centre, as shown in Figure 9, to provide a round curved hook or head a, as, shewn.

page_text: in Figure 10. The lower ends of the wire are bent or doubled back 50 as to stand
at right angles to the head a on each side to form a table or fastening plate b, and
the extreme ends of the wire again bent at right angles to the plate b to form
fastening prongs c, which are thinned at the ends to an edge during the process of
manufacture. In this device I utilize all the material, and make a strong and
durable hook.
In Figures 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the Drawing, the device is composed of a hook
having an enlarged head portion a, an intermediate neck b, fastening plate c, and
connecting prongs a, the whole being formed of a single piece of round, half round,
flat, or other shaped wire, possessing the requisite strength and thickness; in the
construction of this device the lower part of the wire is split vertically to about its
centre, as shown in Figure 13, so as to form with the split portions the table or
plate c, and the fastening prongs d, which are bent at right angles thereto, while
the upper solid and uusplit portion of the wire is bent into the form of a hook a,
having a curved intermediate neck b, around which the lacing is passed. The hook
portion a is adapted to be swaged or formed into a convexo concaved head or other
preferred shape by suitable dies. The fastening prongs d are preferably made of a
wedge shape, or tapering from the plate c to the point of the prongs, which renders
them capable of being made to penetrate the material to which the lacing hook is
to be attached, and the thin ends of the prongs to be turned back by a setting
instrument employed in connection therewith.
In Figures 15, 16, and 17 the device is composed of a head a, intermediate
neck b, and fastening prongs c.
The hook is formed from a blank, as shown in
Figure 15, which is split at one end up to the base of the neck b, thus forming two
prongs. These prongs are bent, one forward. and one back, so as to stand at right
angles with the head a to form a table or plate, and the extreme ends of the prongs
again bent at right angles to the plate. These fastening prongs are swaged to
sharp penetrating points, which are forced through the material, and the ends
turned up by a suitable setting instrument.
In Figures 18, 10, and 20 the device is composed of a head a, neck b, table or
plate c, and fastening prongs d. In the construction of this device a blank is struck
out, as shown in Figure 18, from a flat piece of metal, with the head a, neck b,
and prongs d in the same longitudinal plane. The head a is then bent over the
table or plate c to form the hook, and the prongs & bent down at right angles to
the table c, and swaged to a sharp point to penetrate the material to which it is
desired to attach them. The prongs a are forced through the cloth or other
material, and the ends turned up by means of a suitable setting instrument.
In Figures 21, 22, and 23, the device is composed of a head a, a neck b, plate c,
and fastening prongs d. The construction of the device is the same as that shown
in Figures 18, 19, and 20, except that it has four prongs instead of two.
In Figures 24, 25, and 26 the device is composed of a head a, neck b, table c,
and fastening prong d. The neck b is of sufficient length to allow the book to be
formed by bending over the neck b upon the table c, and then bending the head a
in the opposite direction, as shown in Figure 25. The blank, as shown in
Figure 24, is struck out from a flat piece of metal, with a point or prong d extending
from the table c in a direction opposite to that of the head a.
The prong
d is bent
down at right angles to the table c, and one end of the table c bent under, as shewn
in Figure 25. In attaching this device the edge of the material is placed between
the plate cupon the underside and the prong d, when by a suitable setting instru-
ment the two parts of the plate c are brought together, and the prong & forced
through the material also passes through a hole or slot in the plate c, and is
clinched or turned over upon the top thereof.
;
In Figures 27, 28, and 29 the device is constructed from a blank struck from a
flat piece of metal having a central disc a, from which extend four prongs b. The
disc a forms the top of the stud, while the prongs b form a neck c, a table d, and
fastening prongs e. In forming the stud from the blank the prongs b are bent over
upon the under side of the disc a until they meet in the centre, when they are

page_text: bent at right angles to said disc to form the neck c. They are next bent parallel
with the under surface of the disc a to form the table d, and the ends finally
turned down to form the fastening prongs e, which are forced through the material
and turned over, as before described. A device embodying the same principle may
be made with two or three prongs, although the four prongs described are deemed
preferable.
In Figures 30, 31, and 32 the device is formed of round, half round, or flat wire,
as in Figure 9, but instead of the head or shank a being bent to form a hook a
button head d, composed of leather, paper, pulp, or other material, may be attached
thereto or formed thereon during the process of manufacture.
In Figures 33, 34, and 35 the device is formed from a blank struck from a flat
piece of metal having a head a, neck b, and plate c. From the plate c projects a
point d and from the centre of the plate c is cut a V shaped point e. The head a
is turned over the centre of the plate c, as shewn in Figure 34, to form the hook.
and the point d and V shaped point e bent downward at right angles with the
plate c to form the fastening prongs, as shewn in Figures 34 and 35.
In Figures 36, 37, and 38 the device is formed in the same manner as in
Figures 33, 34, and 35, except that it is provided with three fastening prongs.
instead of two, one of which is cut from the plate c, as before, while two d, d,
project from the edge thereof.
In Figures 39, 40, and 41, the device is formed from a blank struck from a flat
piece of metal, as before described, and has a head a, a neck b, and plate c. From
the centre of the plate c is cut three V shaped points, which are bent downward to
form the fastening prongs d, d, and e, two being bent toward the rear and one to.
the front. These prongs are forced through the material and turned over by a
suitable instrument, as already described.
In Figures 42, 43, and 44 the device is formed in the same manner as in.
Figures 39, 40, and 41, except that the two V-shaped points d and e are cut from.
the centre of the plate c, one of which is bent to the front and one to the rear to
form the fastening prongs.
In Figures 45, 46, 47, and 48 the device is formed from a blank struck from a.
flat piece of metal having a head a, a neck b, plate c, and four projecting
points d, d, e, c, two of which are cut from the side of the neck b. The head a is
bent over the plate c to form the hook, as shown in Figure 40, and the points d
bent down at right angles to the plate c to form the fastening prongs, which are.
forced through the material and the ends turned up, as before described, by a
suitable instrument.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
First. A button of solid leather, paper, pulp, or other material, provided with a
shank a, neck portion c, eyelet d, and prongs f, substantially as described and
shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, and 4.
Second. A combined button and fastening device for wearing apparel, consisting
of a fastening device A formed with a triangular shaped head b, an intermediate
neck portion, and a connecting plate provided with fastening prongs a bent at
right angles thereto, all formed of a single piece of metal, said triangular head b
being adapted to receive the button-head B, which may be molded or cast thereon,
substantially as described and shewn in Figures 5 and 6.
Third. A lacing hook composed of a single piece of wire, as described, having
the central hook portion or head a, the base b, and front and rear fastening
springs c, the hook and prongs being in the same vertical plane, substantially as
described and shewn in Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10.
Fourth. A lacing hook consisting of the enlarged head portion or hook a, the
intermediate neck b, fastening plate c, and connecting prongs d, the whole being.
formed of round or other suitably shaped wire, as described and shown in Figures 11,
12, 13, and 14.
Fifth. A lacing hook formed of a single piece of wire, the lower portion whereof
is split vertically to form the plate c and connecting prongs d, while the upper

page_text: unsplit portion is bent so as to form the hook or head a and intermediate neck b,
as described and shewn in Figures 11, 12, 13, and 14.
Sixth. A lacing hook formed from a single flat piece of metal which is split at
one end up the base of the neck b to form the prongs, one of which is bent forward
and the other back, both being in the same vertical plane as the hook, as described
and shewn in Figures 15, 16, and 17.
Seventh. A lacing hook formed from a blank struck from a flat piece of metal,
with a head a, neck b, plate c, and prongs d, in the same longitudinal plane, the
head a being bent over the plate c and the prongs d turned down at right angles
thereto, as described and shown in Figures 18, 19, and 20.
.
Eighth. A lacing hook formed from a blank struck from a flat piece of metal,
with a head a, neck b, and plate c, from which extends upon either side double
prongs d, the head a being bent over the plate c and the double prongs & turned
down at right angles thereto, as described and shown in Figures 21, 22, and 23.
Ninth. A lacing hook composed of a single piece of metal having a hook portion
or head a, a slotted plate c, and a clasping arm provided with a prong d, which
passes through the material and slotted plate e and is turned over, as described and
shewn in Figures 24, 25, and 26.
Tenth. A lacing button formed from a single flat piece of metal, having a disc a,
which forms the button head, and prongs b, which form the neck c, table d, and
fastening prongs e, as described and shown in Figures 27, 28, and 29.
Eleventh. A button of leather, paper pulp, or other material, provided with a
shank a, neck portion c, and prongs f, as described and shown in Figures 30, 31,
and 32.
Twelfth. A lacing hook, having two fastening prongs d, e, one of which is formed
by extending the plate c and the other cut from the centre thereof, both being
bent at right angles to said plate c, as described and shown in Figures 33, 34,
and 35.
Thirteenth. Á lacing hook having three fastening prongs, two of which d, e, are
formed from the extended surface of the plate c and the other cut from the centre
thereof, all being bent at right angles to said plate c, as described and shown in
Figures 36, 37, and 38.
Fourteenth. A lacing hook formed from a single piece of metal, having a head a,
neck b, and plate c, and three fastening prongs d cut from the centre of the plate c,
and bent at right angles thereto, as described and shown in Figures 39, 40,
and 41.
.
Fifteenth. A lacing hook formed from a single piece of metal, having a head a,
neck b, and plate c, and two fastening prongs d, cut from the centre of said plate
and bent at right angles thereto, as described and shown in Figures 42, 43,
and 44.
Sixteenth. A lacing hook, having a head a, neck b, plate c, and four fastening
prongs d, formed from a single piece of metal, said fastening & being formed from
the extended surface of the plate c, as described and shown in Figures 45, 46, 47,
and 48.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Fifth day of May AD 1881