IMPROVEMENTS IN HOROLOGICAL APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: I; BENJAMIN SUDLOW of No 19; Hopwood Avenue' Manchester Oil & Tallow
Merchant,, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
HOROLOGICAL APPARATUS, to be as follows:-
My invention relates principally to watches but is also applicable to Chronometers
and clocks and to time keepers generally. The object of my invention is to
facilitate the reading of the indications on the dials of time keepers. To this end
I so construct mark and actuate dials as that the indications giving the time are
successively presented at a comparatively small opening in the case so that the eye
is not confused by having the whole of the dial presented' at once. I mark the
hours upon one dial and the minutes upon a second dial. If the seconds are to bo'
indicated I furnish the instrument with a third dial. These dials are not necessarily
made in the ordinary disc form but by preference are light flat rings connected by
light arms with central bosses, as in the case of wheels the surfaces, bearing the
indications. being at a uniform level. The hour dial may be the smallest in
diameter, the minute ring being outside this and the second ring, if there be one,
be outside the minute ring, or this order might be reversed. I prefer to actuate
the dials or rings by a step movement, the hour, dial or ring moving at the end of
each hour and the minute-ring at the end of each minute; but I do not confine
myself to this. In some or in all cases I make the glass or transparent medium
which covers the aperture as a lens to imagnify the indications. This will enable
me to make the dials or rings smaller and therefore lighter or will render the
indications'more easily read and may enable me to give the said aperture a central
situation' in the case:
ر

page_text: "
Improvements in Horological Apparatus.
I, BENJAMIN SUDLOW of Hopwood Avenue in the city of Manchester and County
of Lancaster Oil merchant do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOROLOGICAL APPARATUS" and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
"
My invention is applicable to watches principally but I reserve the right of
applying it. to chronometers clocks and timekeepers generally.
Its object is to facilitate the reading of the indications upon the dials of time-
keepers.
To accomplish this I so construct, mark, and actuate the dials that the indications
giving the time are successively presented at a small opening or openings in the
case or ordinary dial of the watch, so that the eye is not confused by having the
whole of the dial presented at once. I employ for this purpose two dials upon one
of which I mark the hours and upon the other the minutes preferably in ordinary
arabic figures, if I require to indicate the seconds I employ a third dial for this
purpose.
These dials are not necessarily made in the ordinary disc form but by preference
are light flat rings, connected by light arms with central bosses as in the case of
wheels, the surfaces bearing the indications being at an uniform level. The hour.
dial may be the smallest in diameter, the minute ring being outside this, and the
'second ring if there be one outside the minute ring or I may use any other
arrangement of the discs which may be most suitable and convenient..
These dials or rings I actuate and revolve by any form of stop movement which
may suit any particular watch clock or other timekeeper..
In some or all cases I make the glass or transparent medium which covers the
aperture into a lens to magnify the indications enabling me to use smaller figures
for this, purpose than I otherwise could. The apertures at which the figures are
read may be in the centre, sides or other convenient part of the case or ordinary
dial.
In order that the foregoing may be better understood I send herewith a sheet of
Drawings in which Figs. 1 and 2 show one method of showing the time as before-
mentioned, in Fig. 1 with an outside case and in Fig. 2 with an ordinary dial, with
apertures a for the hour and b for the minute,
The figures are changed at the apertures by means of the revolving dials.c and d
shown in dotted lines on Fig. 2. Fig. 3 shows another arrangement with apertures e
and fin which the dials are placed as in Fig. 4, g showing the hour and ♬ the
minutes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st The use of two revolving dials to indicate the time by successively presenting
at an aperture or apertures in the case or ordinary dial of a timekeeper, figures or
numbers respectively indicative of the hour and minute in place of, or in addition
to, the ordinary dial and pointers, substantially as described and shown herein-
before and in the accompanying Drawing.
2nd The use of a third dial to indicate the seconds substantially as described
herein before.