Improvements in and relating to Liquid Fuel Burners.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 19th Jan,, 1899-4ccepted, 19th June, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Liquid Fuel Burners.
We, PRESTON DAVIES, of Spencer House, Southfields, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, BorTOMLEY WOODCOCK, of Whitcliffe, Cleckheaton, in the County of
York, Sculptor, and EDWIN ODDY, of Valley Road, Cleckheaton, aforesaid,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows;-
-
According to our invention we supply the combustion chamber with a govern-
able and limited quantity of hydro-carbon oil, vapour, or gas, mixed with a
considerable proportion of steam.
The hydrocarbon, from a suitable reservoir, and the steam from a suitable
boiler, are conducted to the combustion chamber through a feeding apparatus.
This apparatus contains two independent and preferably concentric passages,
It terminates in a nozzle
one for the hydrocarbon and the other for the steam.
which projects into the combustion chamber. The nozzle is provided with two
distinct orifices, the hydrocarbon one being in advance and being somewhat
flaring or trumpet shaped. This hydrocarbon orifice is regulated by a needle
plug or equivalent device. The steam orifice preferably surrounds the hydro-
carbon one and is capable of regulation and of being drained of condensed steam
by any suitable means. Very little atmospheric air is required to be admitted
with the hydrocarbon and steam to the combustion chamber. The said appa-
ratus is accordingly inserted to a suitable distance within the combustion
chamber through an aperture in its wall and near to, or surrounding it, means
for regulating the supply of such air may be provided.
The jet of hydrocarbon and steam issuing from the nozzle impinges upon an
incandescent surface of suitable refractory material and thereupon the vapours
are split up into their various gases and complete and economic combustion
ensues.
The hydrocarbon is not forced through the nozzle but is sucked through it by
the issuing steam. This issuing steam forms a vacuum around the hydrocarbon
outlet and such outlet, being nicely regulated at that point by the needle
plug, the supply is constant, and the hydrocarbon consumption limited.
In starting up (unless a separate boiler is used) steam has to be generated by
When starting with such a supply of steam our liquid fuel burner
other means.
is started by applying to the nozzle a temporary flame or the like.
In some cases we may direct the fired gases to a surface of incandescent coke
or other like fuel in which case (if atmospheric air is not admitted) incandescence
will continue for a prolonged period without appreciable consumption of the
coke.
T 10+1 law of Moh 1808
A. F. SPOONER,
323, High Holborn, London,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Liquid Fuel Burners.
We, PRESTON DAVIES, of Spencer House, Southfields, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, BOTTOMLEY WOODCOCK, of Whitcliffe, Cleckheaton, in the County of
York, Sculptor, and EDWIN ODDY, of Valley Road, Cleckheaton, aforesaid,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement;-
-
Our invention has for its object to provide improved means for effecting the
combustion of liquid fuel such as hydrocarbon oils in conjunction with an
adequate volume of steam.
In the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of our invention,
Figure 1 shows in longitudinal section our improved burner or feeder, and
Figure 2 is a part thereof drawn to a considerably enlarged scale and showing
such feeder in position.
Figures 3 and 4 show in vertical central section and end elevation respectively
our feeder applied to a furnace; the said figures also serve to show the hydro-
carbon and steam connections, and
Figures 5 and 6 show in vertical central section and end elevation respectively
a casing adapted for use with the feeder and such figures further serve to illus-
trate an alternative means of regulating the air inlet and of shielding the feeder
when the same is not required to be in operation.
Like letters refer to corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
According to our invention we supply the combustion chamber a with a
governable and limited quantity of hydrocarbon oil, vapour, or gas, mixed with
a considerable proportion of steam.
The hydrocarbon, from a suitable reservoir, and the steam from a suitable
boiler, are conducted to the combustion chamber through a feeding apparatus b.
This apparatus contains, as clearly shown in the enlarged view Figure 2, two
independent and preferably concentrically arranged passages 61, 62, the central
one for the hydrocarbon and the other, 62, for the 'steam. The said feeder
terminates in a nozzle 63 which projects into the combustion chamber a.
two distinct orifices are provided, as shown, the hydrocarbon one 6 being in
advance (when the oil is not under pressure) and somewhat flaring or trumpet-
shaped.
Thus
As will be clearly seen from the enlarged view Figure 2, the hydrocarbon
tube tapers towards its end and then at the extremity both exteriorly and inte-
riorly it spreads or becomes flaring or trumpet-shaped, whilst the orifice at the
apex of the steam nozzle has sloping walls as shown. The issuing steam is by
the sloping walls of the orifice in the steam nozzle directed to, and strikes
against, the trumpet-shaped end of the hydrocarbon tube and we find that with
a feeder constructed as described and with a column of hydrocarbon or its equi-
valent passing through the passage 6 the steam in its exit takes a bulbous form
substantially as depicted in dotted lines in Figure 2. A more perfect vacuum
is thus formed around the hydrocarbon outlet and the issuing vapours are con-
stricted and thereby concentrated upon the dash brick or point of firing instead
of, as has hitherto been the case, being diffused too abruptly.
It is essential that there be means to regulate the flow of hydrocarbon at its
point of issue from the orifice 1. The drawing shows this effected by a needle
plug 6. The steam orifice 62 surrounds the hydrocarbon one, and, optionally,
such steam orifice may be capable of regulation by adjusting the nozzle 63 in a
longitudinal direction.

page_text: Very little atmospheric air is required to be admitted with the hydrocarbon
and steam to the combustion chamber. The feeder is accordingly inserted to a
suitable distance within the combustion chamber through an aperture in its
wall and near to, or surrounding it, means, such as the window in which
plates c, c slide, for regulating the supply of such air may be provided. Alter-
natively a very convenient construction is that illustrated in Figures 5 and 6
wherein a metallic casing ; is built in the brickwork of the combustion chamber
and to the face-flange j₁ of it is bolted or otherwise secured another casing k.
Between these two casings a plate drops. The feeder nozzle projects into the
casing but not so far as the plate 7. The sliding doors c and c run in dove-
tailed grooves as shown. When the feeder bis in operation the plate is raised
(or removed as in Figure 6) but when lowered into the position shown in Figure 5
it is useful to shield the feeder from the heat of the combustion chamber when
the feeder is not in use. Obviously the sliding doors c and c¹ may be used as
shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4 without the plate and without the casings.
The jet of hydrocarbon and steam issuing from the orifices 61, 62 impinges
upon an incandescent surface of suitable refractory material and thereupon the
vapours are split up into their various gases and complete and economic com-
bustion ensues.
The hydrocarbon is not forced through the nozzle but is sucked through it by
the issuing steam. This issuing steam forms a vacuum around the hydrocarbon
outlet and such outlet, being nicely regulated at that point by the needle
plug 4, the supply is constant, and the hydrocarbon consumption limited.
In starting up (unless a separate boiler is used) steam has to be generated by
other means. When starting with such a supply of steam our liquid fuel burner
or feeder is started by applying to the nozzle a temporary flame or the like.
Obviously a plurality of feeders may be employed and Figure 4 illustrates
such a construction. e is the steam supply pipe; f the hydrocarbon supply
pipe; g, g the blowing off and draining cocks and h, h the cut-off cocks.
In some cases we may direct the fired gases to a surface of incandescent coke
or other like fuel in which case (if atmospheric air is not admitted) incandescence
will continue for a prolonged period without appreciable consumption of the coke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is;-
-
1. An apparatus for feeding liquid fuel to a combustion chamber comprising
two concentric passages, the orifice of the inner one, which constitutes the hydro-
carbon outlet, being in advance of the outer one, which constitutes the steam
outlet, a flaring extremity to the hydrocarbon outlet, a nozzle with a central
orifice the walls of which taper towards the flaring extremity of the hydrocarbon
outlet, and means serving to regulate such hydrocarbon outlet, substantially as
set forth.
2. The combination, with an apparatus for feeding liquid fuel to a combus-
tion chamber, of means for regulating the supply of air to the combustion
chamber and for shielding the feeder from the heat of such chamber when the
feeder is not in use substantially as set forth.
3. The improvements in and relating to liquid fuel burners substantially as
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
1
101
1
P T
1000
A. F. SPOONER,
323, High Holborn, London,
Agent for the Applicants.