ELT
Year: 1817

page_text: LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY:
PUBLISHED AT THE GREAT SEAL PATENT OFFICE,
25, SOUTHAMPTON ELTLDINGS, HOLBORN.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PHILIP
HUTCHINSON CLAY, of the City of London, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third
did, by His Royal Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-
second day of May, in the fifty-seventh year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said Philip Hutchinson Clay, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Philip Hutchinson Clay, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend "A NEW COMBINATION OF MACHINERY FOR THE PURPOSE
OF REPAIRING AND IMPROVING TURNPIKE AND OTHER ROADS AND HIGHWAYS, AND
PRESERVING THE SAME IN GOOD ORDER," within that part of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me, the said Philip
Hutchinson Clay, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should in our
discretion seem meet; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that if I, the said Philip Hutchinson Clay, should not particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my band and seal, and
cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
two calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages

page_text: whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void,
as in and by the said recited Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had,
may more fully and at large appear.
:-
. NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with: the said proviso, I, tho said
Philip Hutchinson Clay, do hereby declare that the nature of my said!
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be applied and performed,
is particularly ascertained and described in the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and the following description thereof and references thereto (that is to say) :-
My said Invention consists of the following particulars, that is to say,-
Firstly, a plow made with two shares, one to fill the right side of the 1
material thrown out of the rut again into it, and the other the material on the
left side; and by adding an additional plow, making it a double one, by the
hook explained in the Drawing No. 8, you can plow in a doublo set of ruts
(such as are usual on the bye roads where there is in general a horse track in
the centre) at the rate of 'from twelve to fourteen miles per day.
Secondly, a harrow, which is intended to scarify the uneven parts of any
road, leaving it even after the operation, previous to the use of the great
roller.
Thirdly, a gravel cart, which is fixed upon a roller, to carry gravel or other
material used in the rep of roads, and deposit it where it is necessary, the 2
great advantage being that it improve the roads it passes over, and will be par-
ticularly useful in districts where material is scarce, whereas the present
mode of carrying it in carts with narrow wheels destroys the road it passes
over.
Fourthly, a large roller which, with the carriago over it empty or filled with 2
gravel or other material, may be made to press upon the road any weight
from six tons to twenty tons, and by being used frequently will press the
moisture to the surface and admit the sun and air to act upon it, at the same
time pressing down the loose material and making the road more oven. It
should be used immediately after the plow has been at work on any road.
REFERENCE TO THE DRAWINGS.
3
A, the single plow; B, the fore geer and gallows with the wheels which
run on each side the rut. C, the frame; the dotted line is the position tho
shares are fixed in (to act on the material) at No. 1, 2, 3, 4. D, the shares.
E, the coulter. F, the wheel screwed to the frame to rise and fall at pleasure, 8
at No. 5 and 6, upon the frame. G, the handles of the plow in shape as
No. 7. H, the fore geer of the double plow, which in fact is two single plows,
placed side by side, and fastened together by a hook as No. 8 at X, the

page_text: beams of the two plows resting upon the double gallows at No. 9 and 10, which
rest is a slide to move up and down at pleasure. No. 11 and 12, the shaft
ends, which shaft the last horse in the team draws by. No. 13 and 14. the
wheels which run in the ruts to steady the plow. N.B. The single plow. is
generally drawn by three or four horses; the double one, for plowing in two
ruts; by five horses; the four leaders double yoaked, and fastened to the back of
the shafts by a chain on each side, as No. 15 in the Drawing of the plow as it
appears when put together. No. 16, in the Drawing of the plow, is the chains
fastened to the frame at No. 17 and 18 to draw the plow by. No. 19, a chain
from the top of the gallows to the beam to steady the plow when turning
round. No. 20, the beam as it is fixed in the frame.
.
Dimensions of the plow, which I consider best for the purpose, but which
may be made larger or smaller, according to fancy, or as may be required by
different roads.-Beam, nine feet long, six inches deep by four inches wide.
Length of the frame, three feet six inches by three feet eiglit inches wide.
Depth of the shares from the top of the frame two feet. Length of the sole,
one foot ten inches, as at No. 21. Length of the handles, seven feet six
inches. Four wheels, cast iron, two feet diameter. Length of the hook to
join the plows together according to the width of the ruts asunder. N.B. The
principle of this plow is generally new; the action I believe to be new
altogether, the old part being merely the handles, coulter, and wheels which
are commonly in use.
I, the harrow. No. 1, the frame; No. 2, the wheels acting upon shackles
exactly as the plow, to move up and down as you wish the teeth to take deeper
or less hold; No. 3, shackles to receive handles similar to the plow handles;
No. 4, a tooth. The frame of the harrow is new as to shape, but thic wheels
and teeth are not new; the whole harrow together and its application I con-
sider to be new:
Dimensions of the harrow, but which may be varied according to circum-
stances: The frame, six feet by four feet, scantling five inches by four inches
square: The teeth, seventeen inches long, one inch and a half square, wrought
iron. The four wheels nineteen inches diameter each; the chains and swingle
trees strong in proportion!
.
The gravel cart A, the side view. No. 1, the body of wrought iron;
the width at the bottom three feet six inches; at the top five feet; the
length at the bottom. seven feet; at the top eight feet six inches; depth
two feet. No. 2, the frame for the gudgeon to work in, inade of cast
iron, or other proper material. No. 3, the end of the roller, with the cast-
iron-cross to wedge the gudgeon in. No. 4, the moveable frame which hangs
upon a joint at a. No. 5, a winch axle and pulley to raise the front of

page_text: the cart till the moveable frame rests upon the back part of the shaft, as at b
No. 6, the shafts, twelve feet three inches from c to c. No. 7, the handle of the
first shuttle. B, the bottom of the gravel cart, shewing nine slides behind, with
handles to push the slides under the bottom as far as you wish up to teu
inches, to let the gravel or other material into the ruts; or if all the slides aro
pushed under them to deposit the material, about six feet wide; if the inaterial
is wet or adheres to the sides of the cart a person can rake it down, or a spiko
roller can be fixed from side to side with teeth to draw it down to the slides.
C, the roller, two feet six inches diameter, six feet long, cast iron, weight one
ton two hundredweight, the gudgeon passing through the centre of the
roller, of wrought iron, two inches and a quarter diameter. D, the shafts,
length as above, width six feet eight inches, so as to contain the length of the
roller within. No. 1, the winch; No. 2, the wheel for the chain to act upon;
No. 3, the scraper, fastened to the shafts at d, d, so as to pass lightly upon the
roller behind to keep it clean. The roller, moveable frame, and winch are old
in form, and consequently not claimed as new invention, but as a new applica-
tion of them to the present purpose. The great roller is similar to the one
under the gravel cart, only heavier and of larger dimensions; the body samo
size, but no shuttles; weight, six tons; four feet and a half diameter. The
body strong to hold any weight, and set upon a frame sufficiently high to
admit a break, made clm, nine inches wide, four inches and a half thick between
it and the roller. The break is connected by a shackle fixed to a spending on.
the shafts before, and fastener behind by a screw in the centre of the spending
to lay more or less pressure upon the roller going down hill. The scraper for
this roller is fixed on the shafts before. The great roller is old in itself in form,
but heavier than ever used before; it is new in its application to public roads;
the carriage over it is new, also the break to stop it.
I have endeavoured carefully to distinguish between such parts of the above
apparatus as have been in use heretofore for other purposes and such as aro
new in their construction, not meaning to claim the former as my Invention
for other purposes than repairing roads and keeping them in good order, but
considering the whole combination, as applicable to that specific purpose, to be
protected by my Patent. I have also given dimensions and weights to
different parts of the machinery as being thoso I think most preferable in
general cases, but they may be varied as circumstances may require.
In witness whereof, I, the said Philip Hutchinson Clay, have hereunto
set iny hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventeen.
P. HUTCHINSON (L.s.) CLAY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of July, in the
fifty-seventh year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, the
aforesaid Philip Hutchinson Clay came before our said Lord the King in His
Chancery, and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing
therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the In-
strument aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in
the fifty-fifth year of His said Majesty's reign.