IMPROVEMENTS IN WAX THREAD SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon
and Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, for the
Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN WAX THREAD SEWING MACHINES."—A
communication from abroad by Robert Ashe, of Boston, Massa-
chusetts, United States of America.
Sealed the 18th February 1873, and dated the 12th September 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th September 1872.
I, WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-
Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WAX THREAD SEWING MACHINES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in wax thread sewing
machines, and relates to that class of sewing machines particularly

page_text: This is the general organization of the machine, and the Invention
consists partly in the method of hanging the rocker plate that carries
the bearings in which the needle bar slides, and partly in the construc-
tion or arrangement of the mechanism that actuates the said rocker
plate and permits its throw to be adjusted, and in the arrangement of
mechanism that actuates the needle bar and the awl bar. In this class of
machines the needle moves up through the work and the awl moves down
through the work, and the relative movements of the two are differential.
In this Invention such movements are imparted or effected by a single
crank on the driving shaft. This constitutes one feature of the Invention.
In this class of machines the thread being waxeḍ needs to be kept
warm, and for this purpose the work plate and parts of the machine
immediately about the plate are heated generally by a lamp or gas jet.
In this Invention the post is cast with a passage leading through it to
the work plate, which passage is a conduit for hot water or steam; and
such construction of the post forms another feature of the Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th March 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue
Gaillon, Paris, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Morgan-Brown, Her special license
that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Morgan-Brown, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,.
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS,

page_text: IN WAX THREAD SEWING MACHINES,” a communication to me from abroad
by Robert Ashe, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Morgan-
Brown, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and.
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
The Invention relates to that class of sewing machines particularly
designed for sewing with waxed thread, and in which each machine ]
employs a hook needle working up through a plate at the top of a
post and an awl and a presser-foot working down from above the plate,
the stock being fed by a lateral movement of the needle when the needle
is in the work..
In this Invention the post is stationery and the needle bar and cast off 2
bar slide in an arm or bearing which extends up from a rocker plate
hung upon a stud pin projecting from the front of the post, and in
another arm or bearing extending down from the rocker plate, the lower
arm being connected to an arm on the end of a rocker shaft, the recipro-
cating rotative movement of the shaft imparting the vibratory move- 2
ment to the rocker plate to effect the forward feed movement of the
needle when in the work and its back movement when its point is below
the work.
An arm at the opposite end of the rocker shaft has a pin extending
into a ram on the fly wheel shaft. The connection of the arms is effected
by an adjustable slide block, by movement of which the throw of the
rocker plate is varied to vary the feed.
At the end of the cam wheel shaft is a crank, the pin from which
extends into a vertically reciprocating bar, which is connected at its
foot to an arm extending from a horizontal rocker shaft, at whose other a
end is an arm jointed to a clamp, fixed to the needle bar, the connection

page_text: arm.
a denotes the frame, composed of the base, upright, and goose-neck
At the front end of the base is the stationery post b, having at its
top the needle throat plate or work supporting plate c, provision being
made for the support of a table to surround this plate and extend to the
upright d, as in other machines of this kind. e denotes the hook needle; a
f, the needle bar; g, the cast off; h, the cast off bar; i, the awl; k, the
awl bar, the presser foot; m, the presser foot bar; n, the thread
guide; o, the thread guide bar, all these parts, except as to their means
of actuation, being the same as in other machines of this class.
Upon the front of the post is a pin p, upon which is pivoted the 1
rocker plate q, having two bearings 7, 8, in which slide the needle bar f
and the cast off bar h. To the lower bearings is jointed (by a sliding
or flexible connection) an arm t, extending from the end of a long rocker
shaft, mounted in stationary bearings. At the opposite end of this
shaft is an arm v, from which a pin a² extends into a cam groove b² of a
cam wheel c, fixed on a rotary fly wheel and driving shaft d².
The arm is jointed or connected to the bearings by a bolt e² that has
a head which enters a slot or groovej in the arm t, the bolt being
confined in place to the arm t by a nut h². The bolt passes through a
slot cut through the arms g², and by means of this slot and the groovej s
the bolt may be moved and the throw of the arm thereby variably
adjusted. The connection of the rocker shaft to the bearing plate g
effects the oscillation of said plate and the consequent feed or forward
movement and the back movement of the needle, and by the provision
for adjustment of the connection (by means of a slot) between the s
arms t, g, the extent of feed movement of the needle may be varied as
occasion may require. The lateral or feed movement of the needle being
thus produced, its vertical movements are effected as follows:-
The needle bar passes through a clamp 43 which is fastened to the bar
by a suitable screw, and this clamp is jointed to an arm n² extending
from one end of a horizontal rocker shaft o³ (mounted, and turning in
stationary bearings), from whose other end an arm p² extends. This
arm p has a slot q² in which plays a slide at the end of a bolt &² fixed
to and extending from a bar 2. This bar is hung upon a pin u³
extending from a crank v² at the end of the cam wheel and driving
shaft d. As the crank pin in the rotation of the shaft raises the bar,
the arm p³ is raised, the rocker shaft is turned, and the needle is thrown

page_text: +
up for its point to enter and pass through the work, and the thread to be
laid in its hook, and the continued movement of the shaft causes the
needle to be drawn down with the thread, the upward movement of the
needle, its feed movement and its downward movement taking place
together and without intermission, but when the needle is down or
nearly down there is a short pause or slowing of its movement during
the time the slide is passing from the outer end of the slot q' to
the inner end thereof, there being of course a rapid vertical movement
of the bar when the crank pin is moving vertically, and but a slight
vertical movement when the pin is in or near a vertical plane. The
vertical throw of the needle may be adjustably regulated by changing
the position of the connecting bolt & with reference to a slot y in the
bar . At the top of the bar t it is jointed to an arm extending from
one end of a rocker shaft as at whose other end is an arm 63 that is
jointed to the awl bar k, and the reciprocating vertical movements of the
awl bar are thus effected by the action of the crank pin u³ upon the
bar . The connection of the arm to the bar is slightly adjustable by
means of a bolt d³, nut e³, and slot f³, but when the machine is in
operation there is no sliding movement of the connection, all the lateral
movement of the crank operated bar being effected through the provision
for sliding movement of the connection of the foot of the bar t² to
the arm p by means of the slide and slot q², and through this
provision the timing of the respective movements of the needle and awl
are effected.
Whenever the bar is moving up, the awl bar and needle bar must of
course both rise, but while the crank pin is passing its vertical centres,
the awl bar will be comparatively stationary, while the lateral movement
of the foot of the crank bar will cause the needle bar to have a consider-
able vertical movement. When the crank pin, having passed its lower
centre, begins to rise, the awl is in the work, and the point of the needle
is brought very near to the point of the awl, so that as the awl rises from
the work the needle enters the awl hole. The points rise nearly
together, until the needle point is well through the work. When the
crank pin begins to rise through the upper quarter of its rotation, the
lateral movement of the crank bar begins, but as the upper end of the
bar has no lateral movement, the awl bar moves faster than the needle
bar; the vertical movement of the end of the crank bar that actuates the
needle bar, having to be modified by its lateral movement, the awl there-

page_text: the post, where the two unite, so that there is in effect but one passage
extending up through the post at one side of it and down through the
other side.
The two passages may extend out through the top of the post and be
covered by the throat plate, or the hole at the top may be filled by a
plug.
A steam or hot water inlet pipe is connected to the lower end of one
of the passages and an outlet pipe to the other, so that a circulation of
heat may be established or kept up through the post when the machine
is at work.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would
have it understood that what I claim is,-
1. In combination with the stationary post the bearing plate pivoted
and swinging, substantially as shewn and described.
2. The rocker shaft u, its arms t, v, and the cam wheel c³ and the
sliding and adjustable connection of the arms t, g², arranged and
operating together to impart feed movement to the needle, the whole
substantially as shewn and described.
3. The rocker shaft o², slotted arm p³, arm n³, crank bar f³, crank v³,
rocker shaft a³, and arms 2³, b³, for actuating the needle and awl bars,
substantially as shewn and described.
4. Imparting the upward movement of the presser foot and the
forward movement of the thread guide by the arm 6' that reciprocates
the awl bar there opposite movements being produced by springs, sub-
stantially as shewn and described.
5. In combination with the crank the cam wheel c² made adjustable
on the crank shaft, substantially as and for the purpose described.
6. In combination with the slotted arm p² of the rocker shaft o²,
slot y, and adjustable pins, substantially as shewn and described.
the
7. In combination with a needle bar and an awl bar arranged to
operate as described, a single crank effecting the differential movements
of the respective bars, substantially as described.

page_text: 8. A sewing machine post formed with the heat conducting passage
or passages substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of March,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)