IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND SPRINGS FOR LOCKS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christian-Schuchardt and Emil Broedel, both of
88, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, Locksmiths,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND SPRINGS FOR LOCKS.”
Sealed the 29th February 1876, and dated the 24th September 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christian Schuchardt
and Emil Broedel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 24th September 1875.
We, CHRISTIAN SCHUCHARDT and EMIL BROEDEL, both of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, Locksmiths, do hereby
declare the nature of tho said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
AND SPRINGS FOR Locks," to be as follows :—
This Invention of improvements in locks and springs for locks consists
in a new arrangement of the bolts, springs, and lovers by which the
action of operating upon the bolts either by the handles or keys, or in
fixing the bolts, is much simplified and economy in the manufacture of
the locks secured, and also in a new form of helical spring adapted to

page_text: locks, serving at the same time as the holding spring of the bolt and the
tumbler for the key to operate upon.
In the common lifting latch the bolt passes through the frame of the
lock, protruding from each side. The centre part of the bolt is morticed
out to receive a square block, each end of the square being shouldered {
and turned to enter into the fore and back plates of the lock. Through
this block is a square hole to receive the connection with the handle,
which by its action lifts the one end into or out of the catch fixed to the
door jamb.
The bolt on its under edge is notched in three places, the first one 1
receiving the end of the spring to keep the bolt from sliding or shifting
when the action of the handle is brought into play in lifting the bolt out
of the catch. The second notch is for receiving the spring when tho
bolt is protruded by hand to give the catch a greater depth, and the
third notch, when the bolt is thrust forward by hand still deeper in 1
the door jamb, which then becomes an inside door bolt, and prevents all
attempts at opening the door from the outside.
When this look is fitted with a bolt for a key the key bolt is morticed
out, and slides in a square pin fitted in the plate of the lock. The key
acts in the ordinary manner upon the bolt, but the bolt spring is in this 2
case the continuation of the spring acting upon the catch above described
and falls into proper notches out in the upper edge of the bolt. A
portion of the spring is so led that the action of the key upon it raises
the portion in the notch upwards and allows the bolt to be shot forwards
or backwards. This spring is the new form of helical spring before 2
mentioned. It is formed of round or square steel, and it is coiled round a
pin fixed on the front or back part of the lock plate, the ends projecting
from the coil being led, as in the above-described lock, to do duty upon
the catch and upon the bolt either in connection with the handlo of
the door catch, in connection with the bolting of the door by hand, or å
in connection with the locking of the bolt by the key.
The before-mentioned spring is a great advantage over the common
flat springs from its less tendency to break, and it is capable of many
varied applications to locks, either to the common spring back catch or
door lock, or to the spring back catch or door lock and key bolt com- §
bined, or to the lock first described, and to overy variety of lock where
springs are used.

page_text: In the spring-back bolt the bolt itself is morticed out to receive the
axle receiving the handle spindle. The axle has protruding arms, the
upper and lower acting according to the direction given to the handle
upon the turned-up end of the bolt to draw back the catch. The
peculiarity of the arrangement here described is the central mortice in
the bolt, through which the handle of the lever mechanism passes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Christian Schuchardt and Emil Broedel in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st March 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHRISTIAN
SCHUCHARDT and EMIL BROEDEL, both of 38, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, London, Locksmiths, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Christian Schuchardt and Emil
Broedel, Her special license, that we, the said Christian Schuchardt
and Emil Broedel, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Christian Schuchardt and Emil Broedel, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during .the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOCKS AND SPRINGS FOR LOCKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Christian Schuchardt and Emil Broedel, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent,

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Christian Schuchardt and Emil
Broedel, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say :-
5
This Invention of improvements in locks and springs for locks consists
in a novel arrangement of the bolt or bolts, whether for the handle or
key, or both, in connection with a new form of lock spring, composed of
steel wire of round or other section, partially in the form of a helix, and
from which helix the continuations of the wire form the operating 1
points of contact either to act as a spring upon the catch bolt to keep it
thrust forward, or upon the key bolt to act as a tumbler to be lifted by
the key, and after the action of the key to retain it in its place, the
spring also serving, as in the Drawings accompanying this Specification
and forming part thereof, the double purpose of acting on the catch bolt 1
operated by the handle and upon the bolt operated by the key. In this
caso the catch bolt or the key bolt reciprocally form the fulcrum by
means of which through the helix the action of the spring is acquired.
In the Drawings Figure 1 is a view of a door lock, the inner plato
removed; Figure 2, a view from above of the same lock below the 2
line a, b, Figure 1; and Figure 3, a view from the end of the lock to
the right of the line c, d, Figure 1, the like letters in cach Figuro
referring to the same parts.
slot e³ by the
In Figure 1 e shows the catch bolt operated upon in the
handle through the handle spindle e³ against the pin e'. The spring 9 2
operates, continued downwards, and round the pin h, and forming the
helix g', continued thence through g to and ending in the part 9 and g³,
where it forms the tumbler to act upon the bolt f at ƒ³, ƒ³. The key
notch is shown atƒ'.
If the catch bolt is to be operated upon it is evident that the spring 9 3
reposing at its extremity 9³ in f* acts by the pin e' to keep the catch
bolt thrust into the jamb catch of the door, and forms the resistance to
the handle of the lock, if the key bolt is to be operated upon, the key
passing into the notch f' raises the part of the spring 9³, or the tumbler
raises it at g³ out of the notch f³, shoots the bolt, and then as it rotates 8
allows the part g³ to fall into the notch f³, and locks the bolt.

page_text: The improvements described are more particularly applicable to rim
locks, rim dead locks, and mortice locks, though we do not confine
ourselves solely to those kinds of locks, as it is evident that they may
bo applied to some other varieties of locks.
Having now. described and particularly set forth the nature of our
said Invention, we would have it understood that what we claim and
desire to secure in the said in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The coiled helical spring, of circular or other section, for use
in locks, whether for catch bolts or lock bolts, substantially as
described.
Secondly. The coiled helical spring, of circular or other section, for use
in locks, and serving the triple purpose of a spring upon the catch bolt,
a spring upon the key bolt, and a spring tumbler for retaining the bolt
in the position given to it by the joint action of the key and the said
spring tumbler, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Christian Schucbardt and Emil
Broedel, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this Twentieth
day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-six.