IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLING AND PURIFYING PETROLEUM OILS AND OTHER HYDROCARBONS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Edward Duyck, of Stamford Street, Black-
friars, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLING AND PURIFYING PETROLEUM OILS AND OTHER
HYDROCARBONS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Edward Duyck
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd April 1864.
I, JAMES EDWARD DOYCK, of Stamford Street, Blackfriars, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLING AND PURIFYING PETROLEUM OILS AND OTHER HYDRO-
CARBONS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in distilling and purifying petroleum oils and other
hydrocarbons by means of heat by the introduction of steam, by preference
superheated steam, into the body of the oil, by mixing with the oil when vapo-
rized chlorine gas, and by bringing in contact with the vapors and gas moist
steam, the whole of which are then condensed and drawn off.
My Invention also consists in purifying petroleum oils and other hydro-
carbons by bringing the vapors of such oils and hydrocarbons in contact with
chlorine gas.
The apparatus consists of a boiler heated by a naked fire, into which
boiler 1 lead pipes carried down from a main supply pipe, and open at

page_text: bottom for the purpose of introducing the steam at or near the bottom of
the charge of oil in the boiler. The boiler is contracted at top, and has fitted
to it a pipe, by preference horizontal, into which I introduce a tube for
supplying chlorine gas generated in a separate apparatus; at the further end
of the horizontal pipe I fit a vertical pipe, which opens into a coil carried
through a vessel containing cold water or other condensing liquid. I intro-
duce a steam pipe in the last-named vertical-pipe, and draw off the purified
oil from the lower end of the coil,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Edward Duyck in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd October 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
EDWARD DUYCK, of Stamford Street, Blackfriars, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said James Edward Duyck, Her special licence that I, the
said James Edward Duyck, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said James Edward Duyck, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLING AND PURIFYING PETRO-
LEUM OILS AND OTHER HYDROCARBONS, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Edward Duyck, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their bands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
J.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Edward Duyck, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in distilling and purifying petroleum oils and other
hydrocarbons by means of heat by the introduction of steam, by preference
superheated steam, into the body of the oil, by mixing with the oil when vapo-
rized chlorine gas, and by bringing in contact with the vapors and gas moist
steam, the whole of which are then condensed and drawn off. In some cases
I dispense with the moist steam.
My Invention also consists in purifying petroleum oils and other -hydro-
carbons by bringing the vapors of such oils and hydrocarbons in contact with
chlorine gas.
The apparatus consists of a boiler heated by a naked fire, into which boiler
I lead pipes carried down from a main supply pipe, and open at bottom for
the purpose of introducing the steam at or near the bottom of the charge of
oil in the boiler. The boiler is constructed at top, and has fitted to it a pipe,
by preference horizontal, into which I introduce a tube for supplying chlorine
gas, generated in a separate apparatus; at the further end of the horizontal
pipe I fit a vertical pipe which opens into a coil carried through a vessel con-
taining cold water or other condensing liquid. When I use moist steam I
introduce a steam pipe in the last named vertical pipe, and draw off the
purified oil from the lower end of the coil.
Figures 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of the apparatus I employ in
carrying my Invention into effect.
A is a furnace; B, B, are flues carried round a boiler or vessel C, for
containing petroleum, or other hydrocarbon or material for producing hydro-
carbon; D is a steam supply pipe; E, E, are pipes open at bottom for con-
veying steam to the lower part of the boiler; F is a coil for superheating the
steam; G is a pipe for carrying off the vaporized products from the boiler;
His a pipe leading from a chlorine retort I for bringing chlorine gas in
contact with the vaporized products; or instead of the retort I sometimes use
a gasholder for containing a supply of chlorine gas, and apply pressure to
force the gas from the holder through the pipe H. The gaseous products issue
from the pipe G into a condenser K and coil L, held in a cistern M containing
cold water or other cooling agent, and the condensed gases are drawn off* in a
liquid state from the outlet N.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First, distilling and purifying petroleum oils, and other hydrocarbons and

page_text: substances for producing hydrocarbons by bringing the vapors driven off there.
from by heat in contact with chlorine gas.
And, second, the arrangement of apparatus herein-before described and
represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Edward Duyck, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of October, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-four.
J. E. DUYCK. (L.S.).