IMPROVEMENTS IN KING
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Montagné, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris,
in the Republic of France, Gentleman, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN KING"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierre Montagné at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1880.
PIERRE MONTAGNE, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS."
My Invention relates to improvements in kilns for burning lime, bricks, and
other substances. For lime I employ a kiln with a continuous fire, and preferably
of a curved form in the interior, in such a manner that the material being placed
in at the top can egress laterally at the bottom. The fire is at the upper part, and
the line which is produced falls out from its weight assisted by means of several
rollers provided with channels or teeth, and turned by any suitable mechanical
means.
The herein before described kiln may also be used for burning bricks, and I can
replace the rollers by a moveable endless apron, or other equivalent means, but I
prefer to employ a vertical kiln to facilitate the discharge.
I employ a grate consisting of small moveable iron girders or bars for supporting
the bricks, and by means of a screw or other suitable means I raise a truck or
trolly, the open top of which passes between the girders and raises the charge.
I then withdraw the girders and lower the truck, which draws along the charge to
a certain height. I then stop the truck and replace the trucks in their original
position so as to hold the charge in the air. The bricks contained between the
girders or bars and the truck being now free are discharged by lowering the truck
down to the bottom onto suitable rails, and it passes out through a lateral opening.
The charge in the top of the furnace falling, the space is filled by fresh bricks and
fuel, and so on.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Pierre Montagné in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
April 1881.
PIERRE MONTAGNÉ, of No. 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS."
"
This Invention relates to improvements in kilns with continuous fires for
burning bricks and other articles or substances, and the improvements may be
divided into three sections, videlicet :-
Firstly. That relating to burning lime.
Secondly. That relating to burning bricks.
Thirdly. That relating to the mechanism for operating or regulating the descent
of the charges and their discharge from the kiln.
The improved kilns may be used, as herein before stated, for burning all kinds of
substances, but I will first describe the improvements as applied to kilns adapted
for burning lime; and, secondly, to kilns adapted for burning or baking bricks.
Firstly. Figures 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 1, represent the improved lime kiln; Figure 1
is a vertical section of a kiln square in section; Figure 2, a plan of an oval form
of kiln, and Figure 3 is a plan of a circular form of kiln. Any other suitable form
of kiln may be employed.
On the lower part of Figure 1 is a series of rollers a, a, a, three only being shewn
in the Drawing, but any other suitable number may be employed; the rollers are
moved by any suitable motive power, and are provided with hooks, teeth, channels,
grooves, or the like, having for object to push forward the stones or other
substances burned, and also to facilitate their descent and their discharge from
the opening b.
The interior form of the furnace may be of any desired configuration, but I
prefer that shewn in Figure 1, as being best adapted for facilitating the discharge
of the articles or substances and the play of the rollers.
c, c, is an air passage for feeding the fire placed in the upper part of the kiln;
this passage may be replaced by or be used in addition to another or others taking
in the air at the sides, or at the front or back.
Secondly. The improved brick kiln is shewn in elevation, vertical section, and
plan respectively at Figures 4, 5, and 6, Sheet 1 of the Drawings. The kiln
is shewn as being square or rectangular in section; it may be of any other suitable
form, but I prefer that shewn in the Drawing.
To accelerate the descent of the bricks I employ a suitable mechanical movement,
but I prefer one of those shewn at Figures A, B, C, and D, Sheet 1 of the
Drawings.
The arrangement shewn in Figure A consists of a series of toothed wheels
driving one another, and so arranged that the journals of their axes are supported,
as shewn, by means of a suitably placed armature.
On these axes are placed a number of rollers, the rotary movement of which
gradually draws along the bricks as they are baked to the discharge side of the
kiln, so as to facilitate their discharge. Between the rollers and penetrating to the
interior of the kiln pass metallic or other pieces, arranged as shewn, so as to form a
nearly continuous surface for the sliding along of the bricks. Movement is
communicated by means of the crank or other suitable known means operated
by a suitable motive power.
Figure B shews a slightly different arrangement, but on the same principle as
those represented in the two other Figures.
A suitable armature supports a series of rollers on which rolls an endless apron

page_text: or chain, the upper roming surface of which forms
bricks rest in being discharged.
GO Dedon W IIICHT
QUIV
Motion is communicated to the endless band by means of two rollers placed at
the two ends of the arrangement, and driven by means of a crank or otherwise.
The third modification of my arrangement for facilitating the descent of the
bricks is shewn at Figure C. Motion is given by a pinion to two toothed wheels,
which draw along in their rotation (in consequence of the descent of the bricks)
a series of rollers arranged so as to be combined together in a suitable armature.
Movement may be given at one or several parts of the arrangement hereinbefore
described by any suitable mechanical means.
Figure D shews another modification of the arrangement, and consists of a series
of rollers arranged, as hereinbefore described, in the interior of a suitable metallic
shell forming the surface which draws along the bricks. An intermittent
movement is given to these rollers by means of ratchet wheels and clicks. The
clicks are placed on levers jointed at one end to the journals, and at the other to a
rod m, n.
Motion is given to all the levers at once by the crank handle A, and
consequently to the rollers.
The dotted lines represent the levers at the end of their stroke.
Thirdly. In place of employing kilns with curved walls I may employ the
vertical furnace represented in section at Figures 1 and 2, and in plan at Figure
of Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
I have devised a mechanical arrangement for regulating the descent of the
bricks, and their removal from the furnace in a certain and methodical manner.
In the lower part of the kiln I provide a strong vertical screw E which may be
turned by means of a lever F operating a screw nut, or by any other suitable
mechanical means. On the upper part of this screw is placed a trolly or truck
carrying four wheels D, which when the trolly or truck is on the ground can run
on rails provided for the purpose.
It is constructed of a frame c, c, c, c, on which rest a series of small parallel
girders or bars n, n, n, n, with a space between them. The whole being thus
arranged, as shewn in the Drawing, the furnace is charged with bricks at the
distance shewn, one row is reserved, each longitudinal space being kept throughout
the whole width of the furnace, and being directly above the space which separates
two consecutive fixed bars or girders n of the trolly.
The spaces are left at equal distances throughout the whole height of the furnace.
When the fire has been lighted and the furnace is in operation, and the time
arrives for a fresh charge of bricks and fuel to be added, the operation is as
follows:-
The girders or bars m, m, m, m, shown in plan at Figure 3, and in longitudinal
section at Figure 1, are passed through holes made at P, Figure 1, in the brickwork
of the furnace, then through the spaces B, B, B, of the mass of bricks, and lastly into
the holes P¹ of the opposite wall, in such a manner that the whole mass is sustained
on these girders or bars as on a moveable grate.
The space below being free the trolly or truck is raised by means of the screw
operated by hydraulic power, steam power, or other equivalent means, the girders
or bars n, m, n, n, of the truck or trolly pass, as shewn in Figure 1, and on a larger
scale in dotted lines at Figure 4, between the bars m, m, m, and under the surface
of the bricks R, Figures 4 and 5. The bars m, m, being thus eased or relieved, the
mass of bricks then rests on the truck or trolly and the bars m can be withdrawn
one by one from the furnace through the openings P.
By turning the screw the whole is slowly lowered until the following series of
open spaces B, B, come opposite the openings P. The bars m, m, m, are then again
placed in the position shewn in Figures 1 and 3 for sustaining the mass of bricks,
and the truck or trolly can be lowered onto the rails for withdrawing the whole of
the burnt and cooled bricks occupying the space between two successive series of
open spaces B.

page_text: The upper part of the kiln is thus emptied of a corresponding height of bricks,
and is recharged with coal and fresh bricks to be baked, care being always taken
to arrange at the required distance a fresh series of open spaces B.
At the expiration of a suitable time the same operation is repeated, and so on.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the best means with
which I am acquainted for carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein laid down, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my said Invention, but what
I do claim is,--
Firstly. The arrangement, herein described and shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
and 6, Sheet 1 of the Drawings, of a lime kiln curved in section provided with an
air passage and mechanism for accelerating the descent of the charge.
Secondly. The mechanism, herein described and shewn at Figure 1, A, B, C, D,
Sheet 1, consisting substantially of a series of rollers moved by hand for facilitating
the descent of the burnt lime.
Thirdly. The square kiln, Figures 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 2, combined with a truck or
trolly, a moveable grating and bars serving as a temporary support, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Montagné, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.