AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING VAPOUR FROM BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine,
Lake, & Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for
the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
GENERATING VAPOUR FROM BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON."-A communication
from abroad by William Wells, of Salem, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th May 1878.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for " AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS
FOR GENERATING VAPOUR FROM BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON," a communication, to be
as follows:-

page_text: heat, which is not applied directly to the bi-sulphide of carbon, but
through the medium of water or other suitable liquid, or air, or suitable
vapour.
An apparatus for the above is constructed of two vertically-arranged
closed chambers or vessels, one within another, with a space or chamber
of the outer vessel wholly surrounding the inner vessel. Each of these
chambers or vessels is provided with a series of series of vertical pipes or
tubes, those of the inner vessel at both the upper and lower ends opening to
the space or chamber of the outer vessel, and those of the outer vessel at
both the upper and lower ends opening to the outside of the outer vessel.
The inner chamber is for the reception of the bi-sulphide of carbon, and
the outer chamber is for the reception of water. For each chamber
there is provided a suitable feed pipe to feed the same with its proper
material. The inner chamber is provided with a suitable pipe for the
discharge of the vapour generated from the bi-sulphide of carbon therein,
and both are otherwise provided with the ordinary attachments, such as
safety valves for preventing accidents and indicating the pressure
within the two vessels, as in ordinary steam or other vapour generating
apparatus.
In addition to the above the said apparatus is provided with a revolving
wing shaft for maintaining a circulation of the water, or other medium
used through the apparatus. The water may be heated by passing
heated air through it, or by suitably locating the outer vessel in a furnace
with a circulation of heat not only around it but through vertically
arranged pipes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the

page_text: thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special
licence that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert Lake,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING VAPOUR FROM
BI-SULPHIDE OF CARBON," a communication to me from abroad by William
Wells, of Salem, Massachusetts, United States of America, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Robert Lake, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings forming a part of this Specification:-
This Invention relates to the generation of vapour from bi-sulphide of
carbon. The vapour is generated from bi-sulphide of carbon by means
of heat, which according to this Invention is not applied directly to the
bi-sulphide of carbon, but through the medium of water or other suitable
liquid, or air, or other suitable vapour.
An apparatus suitable for the above purpose is constructed of two
vertically arranged closed chambers or vessels, one within another. Each
of these chambers or vessels is provided with a series of vertical pipes or
tubes, those of the inner vessel at both the upper and lower ends opening
to the space or chamber of the outer vessel, and those of the outer vessel
at both the upper and lower ends opening to the outside of the outer
vessel. The inner chamber is for the reception of the bi-sulphide of
carbon, and the outer chamber is for the reception of water. For each.

page_text: chamber there is provided a suitable feed pipe to feed the same with the
proper material, and the inner with a suitable pipe for the discharge of
the vapor generated from the bi-sulphide of carbon therein. They are
also both provided with the ordinary attachments, such as safety valves
for preventing accidents and indicating the pressure within the two
vessels, as in ordinary steam or other vapor generating apparatus.
In addition to the above the said apparatus is provided with a revolving
wing shaft for maintaining a circulation of the water or other medium
used through the apparatus. The water may be heated by passing
heated air through it, or, as in the construction above described by
suitably locating the outer vessel in a furnace.
I will now proceed to describe in detail two methods of constructing
the generator by the aid of the accompanying Drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a central vertical section; Figure 2, a horizontal section on
the line w, w, Figure 1; and Figure 3, a horizontal section on the
line x, x, Figure 1, of one form of construction; and Figure 4 is a
central vertical section; Figure 5, a horizontal section on the line y, y,
Figure 4; and Figure 6, a horizontal section on the line z, z, Figure 4,
of the other form of construction of the said generator.
In the Figures shewing the first form of construction A and B repre-
sent respectively two closed vessels or chambers, both of which in the
present instance are made of a cylindrical shape, but they may be made
of other forms. The vessel B is within the vessel A, and concentric
therewith, leaving an annular space C in the vessel A around the vessel B,
and a space D at the top and space E at the bottom of vessel A, as
shewn. The vessels A and B when located are to be vertical. F, F, are
vertical tubes arranged in a concentric circle within the outer vessel A.
These tubes are within the annular space C of the vessel A, and at both
their upper and lower ends are open to the outside of the vessel A.
Vertical tubes G are arranged within the inner vessel B; these tubes a
occupy to a considerable extent the space or chamber of the vessel B,
and at each end, that is, the upper and lower ends, they open to the
chamber of the outer vessel A. H is a feed pipe to the inner vessel B,
communicating with its lower end, and I is a discharge or outlet pipe of
the vessel B, this pipe entering the vessel B at its upper portion.
The outer vessel A is also to have a feed pipe open to it, as shown
at K, and otherwise this vessel A, as well as vessel B, is to be provided

page_text: with such of the well known and common devices, as for instance, safety
valves, test cocks, and the like, as are usually employed upon apparatuses
for the generation of steam or other vapours, as above specified. The
outer vessel A is for the reception of water, and the inner vessel B for
5 the reception of the bi-sulphide of carbon, and to the outer the heat is
applied, as in ordinary steam boilers, the heated products of combustion,
&c., passing up through the vertical tubes F, and thence to the chimney
or escape flue, the vessel A being incased or located by masonry or
otherwise like other steam boilers of the upright and tubular kind.
With heat thus passing through the tubes F of the outer vessel A, and
otherwise acting upon the said vessel, it is obvious that the water therein
becomes heated, and imparting its heat to the inner vessel B secures or
produces the heating of the bi-sulphide of carbon contained therein, and
the generation of vapour therefrom, which passing out at a discharge
pipe I can be used as a motive power in the same manner as steam.
With the water at 212° Fahrenheit the vapour generated from the
bi-sulphide of carbon will have a pressure of sixty-five pounds to the
square inch, and as the heat of the water increases the pressure of
vapour from the bi-sulphide of carbon will proportionally increase. The
presence of water or its equivalent as a medium of communication of
heat to the bi-sulphide of carbon is obviously essential, and under the
arrangement above described can be practically maintained; but to
render the same absolutely certain a construction and arrangement of
parts is provided as follows:-L is a shaft arranged horizontally within
the space E at the lower portion of chamber A. This shaft is fitted to
turn in suitable bearings, and projects from one side of the chamber A,
being suitably packed, where it passes through the side of the said vessel
to prevent the escape of water, and outside of the vessel it is adapted to
be driven and revolved. This shaft L, within the chamber E of the
vessel A, is provided with vanes or wings M, arranged radially thereon.
These vanes as the shaft is revolved force the water up through the tubes
of the inner vessel B, and thus increase the circulation of water through
them. a, a, are walls arranged within the chamber E of the vessel A,
as shown. These walls serve to confine the water of the vessel A more
closely to the action of the forcing vanes or wings of the shaft L.
Heated air may be passed through the water in the vessel A to heat
the same, and the vapors from the bi-sulpnide of carbon may after use
be condensed, and after condensation fed into the bi-sulphide of carbon

page_text: vessel B, to be again converted into vapour, and so on. For forcing
the bi-sulphide of carbon into the vessel B any suitable force pump is
used.
In the aforesaid second form of construction a water chamber and a
bi-sulphide of carbon chamber, as well as a double series of vertical
flues F and G and other parts herein-before described are employed in
substantially a similar manner as in the first form of construction,
except as to the fire flues F, which in the second form of construction
pass within and concentrically through the water passages or tubes G,
leaving an annular space 6 for the circulation of the water around the
tubes F between them and the tubes G.
The concentric arrangement of the tubes F and G is most compact,
and secures in a most effective degree the transmission of heat to the
bi-sulphide of carbon.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
Witness,
HY. J. NOONE,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
WM. ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)