IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER POWER FOR CLEARING AND PLOUGHING LAND
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Etienne Joseph Jarry, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin,
Paris, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
TO BE WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER POWER FOR CLEARING AND PLOUGHING
LAND."
Sealed the 13th November 1863, and dated the 2nd June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Etienne Joseph Jarry
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd June 1863.
I, ETIENNE JOSEPH JARRY, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY TO BE WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER POWER FOR CLEARING AND PLOUGHING
LAND," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved apparatus for clearing, ploughing,
digging, or cultivating land, which may be driven by any suitable motive
power, such as a steam, air, or gas engine, or otherwise. The apparatus shown
in the annexed Drawing is driven by means of an ordinary portable steam
engine, the position of which is indicated by the letter a; b, is the framing of
the cultivating apparatus, which is connected to the engine; c, first set of
tines, coulters, hoes, or other cultivating instruments; d, second set of similar
instruments, but made longer than the first set c, which latter penetrate the
ground to the requisite extent, six or seven inches for example. The second
set d act on the ground to a greater depth, say, from 10 to 12 inches.

page_text: The first set of tines c, in commencing to act on the ground, turn it over into
the deeper furrows made by the tines d, and mix the two layers of earth; e,
shaft which is suitably cranked and turns in bearings, which may be raised
and lowered in guard plates f, fixed to frame b; g, wheels mounted at each
end of shaft e, which run on the ground in close proximity to the cultivating
instruments, thereby determining the depth to which the lines c and d
penetrate the ground, which may be varied at will; h, bars jointed one to each
of the cranked arms on the shaft. e, and to which are attached the cultivating
instruments c, d; said bars h are supported at their rear ends by jointed
levers i, oscillating on a shaft j, fitted at the back of the framing, and whose
elevation is regulated by means of an adjusting screw; k, endless chains for
imparting motion from the engine to the cranked shaft e; 1, hand wheel for
raising or lowering the rear carriage 9 in order to determine the penetration of
the tines. It will be understood that by simply turning the cranked shaft the
ground will be turned over by the eight tines with which the apparatus is
furnished, in the manner above described. Instead of the parts being mounted
horizontally they may be applied so as to work in a vertical plane. The
cranked shaft may also be replaced by a plain shaft, furnished with eccentrics
or cams for communicating the plunging motion to the bars h, which causes
the cultivating implements to penetrate the ground. A larger number of tines
might also be mounted on each side of bars h.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Etienne Joseph Jarry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ETIENNE
JOSEPH JARRY, of 29,. Boulevart St. Martin, Paris (France), Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Etienne Joseph Jarry, Her special licence that I, the said Etienne Joseph
Jarry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Etienne Joseph Jarry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might

page_text: make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER POWER FOR CLEARING AND
PLOUGHING LAND," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Etienne Joseph Jarry, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Etienne Joseph Jarry, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention refers to a new or improved apparatus for digging, ploughing,
clearing, & cultivating land, such apparatus to be operated either by steam or
other suitable power.
In the annexed Drawing Fig. 1 shows the motive power to be a portable
steam engine of any system, part only of which is shown at a. b is the framing
of the land-working apparatus, coupled to or in conjunction with the motive
engine; c, first set of implements, consisting of spades, hoes, or others for
cultivating land; d, second set of similar implements for the same purpose,
the diggers d being longer than the first-mentioned c. These work the land
to any depth up to eight inches, for instance, whilst the other set d work the
same land from eight to twelve, eighteen, and twenty inches in depth. The
former set c begin to open the earth, which they throw upside down into
the deeper furrows made by implements d, and thus is completed a thorough
overturning of the land, and a perfect mixture of the two strata together.
e, crank shaft turning in bearings, which may be set higher or lower in guard
plates f, secured to framing b. 9, driving wheels turning on the ends of
shaft e; these, on their turning round over the spot to be operated upon will
always determine a uniform elevation and fall of the picks or diggers c & d.
These wheels may also be dismounted and other ones may be substituted for them
for the purpose of working the land to a greater or less depth. h, connecting
rods jointed upon each elbow of shaft e, to which are attached the working im-
plements c & d; said rods are at their back ends supported by jointed levers i
oscillating on shaft j, the elevation of which is regulated at will on framing b
by adjusting screws; k, endless chain transmitting motion from the engine to

page_text: the jointed shaft e; l, sort of winch for raising or lowering the rear carriage g,
and thus regulating the penetration of the working implements, which permits
of digging the ground at any desired depth. It is evident that by causing the
jointed or elbowed shaft to turn the above-specified sets of implements the
ground will be dug, ploughed, cleared, &c.
I have so far described an arrangement of the mechanical parts set hori-
zontally, but it is likewise evident that the same may be supposed to be
working in a vertical plane. Instead of the elbowed shaft a straight one may
be substituted, which should be provided with excentrics imparting to the
rods h the falling motion whereby the implements are made to penetrate the
ground.
I have hinted herein-before that the framing of the apparatus is dependent
from or in conjunction with the engine, that is to say, both engine and appa-
ratus are so connected with each other that while the engine is imparting a
drawing motion to the working apparatus it likewise imparts to itself a similar
drawing motion, thus both engine and apparatus work in conjunction with
each other. I shall specify hereafter how they may be separated. Instead of
the above arrangement I may use a stationary engine, a horse mill, or any
motive power, which I establish on a certain spot in the field, wherefrom by
means of ropes or chains a drawing motion would be imparted to the working
apparatus, in which case the rear carriage should be arranged as may be seen
on referring to the Drawings.
Figs. 2, 3, & 4 show front, side, & plan views of this new arrangement.
m, cog wheel, gearing into an endless chain leading from the stationary motor
to any desired distance. The chain is guided by rollers n; o, bevelled pinions
receiving their impulse from wheel m, which pinions impart. a rotary motion
to a vertical arbor p, at the lower end of which is keyed another pinion q.
The latter transmits a rotary motion to a toothed wheel on the elbowed
shaft e, on the ends of which are fixed the hind wheels by which the apparatus
is carried. Instead of an endless chain transmitting motion from the sta-
tionary engine or other motor to the apparatus, I might use as well any
suitable ropes or straps.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be carried into effect, I desire it to be understood that without
confining myself to the precise details, or to the strict figure or form of the
apparatus herein-described, I claim as being of my Invention the agricultural
apparatus herein-above described for clearing and ploughing land operated by a
steam, air, or other engine or motive power, whether such engine or motor be
connected to and move with the working apparatus, or the motor and apparatus

page_text: be independent from each other, the apparatus traversing the various parts of
a field being actuated by a stationary engine or other motor established on any
spot in the field, whether the working implements be cutters, spades, or the
like, but I claim the same (and this is one of the chief features of my Inven-
tion) when set upon an elbowed shaft, as described, or a straight shaft provided
with cams, or eccentrics operated by connecting rods secured to the arms or
handles of such implements.
In witness whereof, I, the said Etienne Joseph Jarry, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
E. J. JARRY. (L.S.)