IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George William Hawksley, of. Bridge Hill and
Mathew Wild, of Carlisle Street East, both of Sheffield, in..the County
D"
Sealed the 12th September 1861, and dated the 19th March 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George William Hawksley
and Mathew Wild at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,.
with their Petition, on the 19th March 1861.
We, GEORGE WILLIAM HAWKSLEY, of Bridge Hill, and MATHEW WILD, of
Carlisle Street East, both of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be
as follows:-
Our improvements in steam boilers consist in making them with a flue or
flues composed of a series of cylinders in short lengths and of two or more
unequal diameters; the ends of the said cylinders composing the flue or
flues may be rivetted together in various ways, but we prefer flanging the ends.
of the smaller cylinders outwards at right angles, and returning the flanges to.
enter the straight ends of the larger ones, the flanges being turned up endways.
of the metal form strong ribs round the flue which prevent the same col--
lapsing under high pressure, and they also allow for expansion and con--
traction in the length of the flues without injuring the ends of the boiler.
Our said improvements may be used in puddling furnace and all kinds of

page_text: stationery, locomotive, and marine boilers. In the case of multitubular boilers
we bend their tubes in direction with their lengths, giving them a waved appear-
ance, or else twist them so as to form spiral tubes; in either case expansion and
contraction can take place without thrusting the rivetted ends of the tubes from
the tube plates, and the flames in passing through tubes thus constructed will
act with better effect than in the cases of straight ones.
The mode of constructing boiler flues as before described is also applicable
to the shells of boilers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George William Hawksley and Mathew Wild in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 16th September 1861.
TO ALL TO. WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME we, GEORGE
WILLIAM HAWKSLEY, of Bridge, Hill, and MATHEW WILD, of Carlisle Street
East, both of Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent; bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said George William Hawksley and Mathew Wild, Her special
licence that we, the said George William Hawksley and Mathew Wild, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George
William Hawksley and Mathew Wild, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said George William Hawksley and Mathew Wild, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George William Hawksley and Mathew
Wild, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon (that is
to say):
Our said improvements in steam boilers consist in making them with a flue
or flues (as the case may be) composed of a series of cylinders in short lengths,
and of two or more unequal diameters, the ends of the said cylinders composing
the said flue or flues may be rivetted together. in various ways, but we prefer
flanging the sinaller cylinders outwards at right angles, and returning the
said flanges down again so as to enter the straight ends of the larger cylinders
to which they are rivetted. The said flanges being turned up endways of
the metal form strong ribs round the flue or flues which greatly tend to
prevent the same collapsing under high-pressure steam, but that which is
the main object of our Invention is the construction of boilers with flues
capable of expanding and contracting in their length without causing leakage
or injuring the ends of the boilers.
Our said improvements are also applicable to the shells of boilers and may
be used in puddling furnace and all kinds of stationary, locomotive, and marine
boilers. In the case of multitubular boilers we allow for expansion and
contraction by bending their tubes either in direction with their lengths,
giving them a vaved appearance, or else by twisting them so as to form
spiral tubes; in either case expansion and contraction can take place without
thrusting the rivetted ends of the said tubes from the tube plates, and the
flames in passing through such tubes will act with better effect than in the
case of straight ones.
In the accompanying Drawings our said improvements are shown applied
to various boilers.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a two-flue boiler, and Figure 2 is an end
view of the same.
Letter (a) is the boiler's shell; (b) are the flues composed of cylinders in
short lengths, and of unequal diameters rivetted together; (c) are, the sinaller
cylinders flanged outwards, and (d) are the larger cylinders. Figure 3 is
a longitudinal section of a tubular boiler, and Figure 4 is an end view of
the same; letter (e) is the boiler's shell; (f) is the flue; (g) are the smaller
cylinders composing the same, and (h) are the larger ones. Figure 5 is a
sectional plan view of a Breeches boiler, and Figure 6 is an end view of
the same; letter (j) is the boiler shell; (k) are the flues; (2) are the
smaller cylinders composing the same, and (m) are the larger ones; Figure 7
is a longitudinal section of a Cornish boiler, and Figure 8 is an end view

page_text: of the same; letter (n) is the boiler, shell; (o) is the flue; (p) are the
smaller cylinders composing the same, and (9). are the larger ones; Figure 9
is a vertical section of a furnace boiler; letter. (r) is the boiler's shell; (s)
is the flue, and (t) are the several lengths of cylinders composing the same;
Figure 10 is a vertical section of a stationary or portable fire-box boiler,
and letter (u) is the flue, and (w) are the several lengths of cylinder
composing it; Figures 11.to 17 (drawn to an enlarged scale).show different
ways of flangeing and putting the cylinders together in accordance with-our
said Invention; Figure 18 shows, a tube bent in direction with its length,
and Figure 19 a tube twisted so as to form a spiral tube in accordance with
our said Invention.
Having now set forth the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent; we claim :-
First, the construction of the flues or shells of steam boilers in the manner
substantially as herein-before described.
Secondly, the construction of the tubes of multitubular steam boilers in the
manner substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said George William Hawksley and
Mathew Wild, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth
day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-one.
Witness,
WILLIAM HAWKSLEY,
54, Pye Bank,
Sheffield.
GEORGE WILLIAM HAWKSLEY. (L.S.)
MATTHEW WILD.
(L.S.)