Improvements in Joints or Couplings for Connecting Soft Metal Pipes Together or to other Pipes or Fittings.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 5th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1850
Improvements in Joints or Couplings for Connecting Soft Metal
Pipes Together or to other Pipes or Fittings.
I, HENRY BAYLEY, trading as Bayley Brothers, of Selborne Works, Walsall in the
County of Stafford, Electrical Fitting Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to means of joining or coupling together soft metal pipes
and of coupling such pipes to other pipes or fittings, without soldering or brazing.
According to one modification of this invention, for employment in coupling
together soft metal pipes, a hard metal internal ferrule which is formed of a conical
or tapering shape from its middle towards each end, and which has longitudinal
teeth grooves or jags formed thereon to prevent the pipes from turning, is used in
combination with two hard metal internally coned external ferrules having male and
female screws, respectively, by which they may be screwed together. The ends of
the two pipes to be joined are flared to receive the conical ends of the internal ferrule,
and the outer ferrules are drawn over the flared ends so as to tightly compress the soft
metal between their own conical surfaces and the corresponding surfaces of the internal
ferrule. The outer ferrules are preferably each formed with a square, hexagon, or
corresponding part to receive the jawed end of a spanner for screwing up and
unscrewing.
According to another modification, the internal ferrule has a screw thread formed
along a parallel portion of its middle which is of a greater diameter than the greatest
diameter of the flared ends of the pipes, and the outer ferrules have each a female
screw and are screwed upon the internal ferrule instead of into one another. The
middle portion of the internal ferrule is formed with a square or correspondingly-
shaped collar by which it may be held while either of the outer ferrules is screwed up,
and thus either of the outer ferrules can be tightened up independently of the other,
as may be desired if one end of the joint should be found to leak, and either or both
the outer ferrules can of course be tightened up without disturbing the inner ferrule.
This modification is specially useful in the case of repairing a lead pipe which has
been burst by frost or other cause, as it permits of a short length of the pipe being
cut out, the middle portion of the internal ferrule occupying the distance between the
separated portions of the pipe.
For coupling a soft metal pipe to a hard metal pipe or fitting, there is fixed on the
end of the hard metal pipe, or formed on the fitting, a cone which has longitudinal
teeth, grooves, or jags, formed thereon to prevent the soft metal pipe from turning.
This cone enters a flared end of the soft metal pipe, and an outer hard metal internally
coned ferrule is drawn over the flared end by means of a female screw formed therein
and screwed direct upon a male screw on a part of enlarged diameter at the back end
of the cone.
Date: ALL
11000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints or Couplings for Connecting Soft Metal
Pipes Together or to other Pipes or Fittings..
I, HENRY BAYLEY, trading as Bayley Brothers, of Selborne Works, Walsall in the
County of Stafford, Electrical Fitting Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
This invention relates to means of joining or coupling together soft metal pipes,
and of coupling such pipes to other pipes or fittings, without soldering or brazing.
According to one modification of this invention, which is illustrated in longitudinal
section by Figure 1 and in side elevation by Figure 2, a brass or other hard metal
internal ferrule a formed of a conical conoidal or analogous shape from its middle i
towards each end and which has longitudinal or longitudinally inclined teeth or grooves
formed thereon, that is to say teeth or grooves in a direction transverse, or trans-
versely inclined, to a line encircling the circumference, for the purpose hereinafter
'described, or which is jagged to roughen it for such purpose, is inserted into flared or
bell-mouthed ends of the soft metal pipes to be joined, and a pair of hard metal
internally coned or analogously-shaped external ferrules c are drawn over the flared
ends of the soft metal pipes so as to tightly compress the soft metal between their
own conical or analogously-shaped surfaces and the corresponding surfaces of the
internal ferrule. The ferrules e are drawn together by being screwed into one another
and are provided. with square, hexagon or corresponding portions to receive the jawed
end of a spanner for screwing up and unscrewing. The internal ferrule a has of
course a clear bored therethrough corresponding with the bore of the pipes to be
joined, or if a larger pipe is to be joined to a smaller one the bore through the ferrule
may enlarge in diameter from one end to the other. The inner ferrule is shown by
detached view Figure 3 to have longitudinal serrations formed on its outer surface at
its ends to prevent the pipe from turning thereon by the frictional hold of the outer
ferrules as they are being screwed up, thus avoiding the necessity, which has been
'experienced with screwed joints for coupling flared ends of soft metal pipes, for
forming the outer ferrules each in two parts, the one being an internally-coned sleeve,
to bear around the soft metal and the other capable of being turned, in screwing up,
upon the sleeve. A modification of this ferrule, in which rings e of rubber or other
elastic material take the place of the roughened coned surfaces, is illustrated in longi-
tudinal section by Figure 4. These rings securely prevent the pipe from turning as
the outer cones are screwed up.
A further modification of this invention is illustrated: by Figures 5 and 6, which
correspond, respectively, with Figures 1 and 2. In this modification the internal
ferrule a', which also is serrated at its ends (as shewn by detached view Figure 7) or
is otherwise roughened as described to prevent the pipes turning thereon, is formed at
its middle portion of a greater diameter than the outer diameter of the flared ends of
the pipes b, and a screw thread is formed along such portion, and the internally-coned
or analogously-shaped ferrules c¹ are drawn over the flared-ends of the pipes by being
screwed onto the screwed portion of the inner ferrule. A square, hexagon, or corre-
spondingly-shaped collar g is formed on the portion of enlarged diameter of the
ferrule a', by which it may be held, while either of the outer ferrules is screwed up,
and thus either of the outer ferrules can be tightened up independently of the other,
as may be desired if one end of the joint should be found to leak. This modification
is specially useful in the case of repairing a lead pipe which has been burst by frost
or other cause, as it permits of a short length of the pipe being cut out, the middle
portion of the internal ferrule occupying the distance between the separated portions
of the pipe.
Figure 8 shews, in longitudinal section, an adaptation of the invention to joining
together an iron or other hard metal pipe or fitting / and a soft metal pipe j. A

page_text: conical or analogously-shaped ferrule c³, which has longitudinal or longitudinally
inclined teeth or grooves formed thereon or which is otherwise roughened as described
to prevent the soft metal pipe turning thereon as the joint is screwed up, is fixed on
the end of the pipe / or fixed or formed on the fitting, and enters a flared end of the
soft metal pipe j. An outer hard metal internally-coned or analogously-shaped
ferrule is drawn over the flared end of the pipe by screwing such ferrule on to a
screwed part of the ferrule c², and thus the soft metal is tightly compressed between
the outer surface of the ferrule c³ and the inner surface of the ferrule k.
A ferrule provided with rubber or other elastic or yielding, rings such as shown by
Figure 4, or with one of such rings only as may be required, may be substituted in
either modification for the internal ferrule described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a joint or coupling for connecting soft metal pipes together the combination
of a ferrule having coned or conoidal or analogous surfaces to bear within flared ends
of the soft metal pipes and which has longitudinal or longitudinally inclined teeth or
grooves formed thereon, or is otherwise roughened as described, to prevent the ends
of the pipes turning thereon as the joint is screwed up, with internally coned or
analogously-shaped ferrules capable of being screwed into one another or onto an
enlarged portion of the inner ferrule and thus drawn tightly over the exterior surfaces
of such flared ends, substantially as described; and also the combination of one such
internal ferrule with one such external ferrule, of which the external ferrule is
capable of being screwed upon the internal ferrule, for the purpose of connecting a
soft metal pipe to a hard metal pipe, or to a fitting, substantially as described.
2. In a joint or coupling for connecting soft metal pipes together or for connecting
a soft metal pipe with a hard metal pipe or fitting, in which conical or analogously-
shaped ends or such an end of an internal ferrule are or is inserted within flared ends
or a flared end of the soft metal pipes or pipe and in which corresponding external
ferrules or a corresponding external ferrule are or is turned around the exterior of
such flared ends or end in screwing up the joint, forming longitudinal teeth or
grooves upon the bearing surfaces or surface of the internal ferrule or otherwise
roughening such surfaces or surface, as described, to prevent the soft metal pipes or
pipe from turning or twisting as the external ferrules or ferrule are or is screwed up,
substantially as described.
3. In a joint or coupling such as described in the preceding claims, the substitution
for the internal ferrule referred io of a ferrule having rings (or a ring) of indiarubber
or other elastic or yielding material such as those described with reference to
Figure 4.
1000
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Walsall and Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.