MANUFACTURING CARBONIC ACID (CO2) UNDER ANY DESIRED PRESSURE
Year: 1885

page_text: I FRANCISCUS JOSEPHUS BERNARDUS RAKEN of Amsterdam in the Kingdom of
Holland, and 27 Chancery Lane, London, EC, Mineral Water Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for MANUFACTURING CARBONIC ACID (CO₂)
UNDER ANY DESIRED PRESSURE and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
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If Ammonia Alum or Potash Alum is mixed with an alkaline carbonate, or with
an alkaline sesqui-carbonate, or an alkaline bi-carbonate, and the mixture is
moistened with water, the result is a chemical reaction by which the sulphuric acid
of the alum expels the carbonic acid of the said salt, and is combined partly with
the alkalı of the alum, and partly with the alkali of the said carbonate, or sesqui-
carbonate, or bi-carbonate, the insoluble hydrate of aluminium being at the same
time precipitated
If this chemical reaction is effected in a closed vessel suited to the purpose, the
developed carbonic acid can be collected under any desired pressure This is most
properly done as follows
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About two parts (by weight) of alum and one part (by weight) of bi-carbonato
of soda in powder are mixed together and put into a lead lined iron vessel with
close fitting cover The capacity of the vessel is such that it can hold at the same
time about three parts (by weight) of water, which water is injected hot into the
vessel by means of a force pump The vessel standing in a water boiler 18
surrounded by hot water which is kept at the proper temperature by a lamp or
other heating apparatus It is clear that this keeping hot will accelerate in the
vessel the intended chemical reaction
A pipe passing through the cover of the vessel conducts the carbonic acid to
wherever it should be collected for use
The reaction finished, its duration being very soon known by experience, the
vessel is opened, emptied of its residuum and refilled with the aforesaid powder
It is to be observed that the sulphuric acid of the alum, which is the agent for
setting free the carbonic acid, presents in this shape the most practical securities as

page_text: regards its action and convenience of manipulation, these being in the free state of
that acid so very troublesome and often dangerous, and that it guarantees when
employed in the shape of alum, the production of a carbonic acid perfectly free
from acid vapours and absolutely pure
It is also to be observed that the bi-carbonate of soda offers carbonic acid in its
solid state for use without any danger
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The right to manufacture Carbonic Acid (CO,) under any desired pressure by
putting into one or more of a suitable series of communicating vessels a mixture of
about two parts (by weight) of Ammonia Alum or Potash Alum, and about one
part (by weight) of carbonate, sesqui-carbonate, or bi-carbonate of an alkalı, and
about three parts (by weight) of water or hot water, the result being a chemical
reaction by which Carbonic Acid is set free and collected under any desired
pressure in one or more of the said vessels to be made use of for various industrial
and scientific purposes