IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Singleton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd March 1882.
THOMAS SINGLETON of Darwen in the county of Lancaster Machine Maker
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING.
Firstly. To an improved weighing motion for the warp beam with or without
weights.
Around each ruffle of the beam are the usual ropes or chains which at one end
are secured springs attached to the loom side the other ends being connected by
links or bearers to a spring rod running the length of the loom the spring rod is
supported at each end in suitable brackets one of which is regulated by a screw,
the other being in the form of an L lever about the centre of the spring rod is a
bracket and runner, a pivotted lever one end of which acts as a feeler on the beam,
its other end being eccentric bearer against the runner in the centre of the spring
rod, or the eccentric portion of the lever may be toothed and gear with another
toothed cam so as to graduate quicker that as the beam decreases in diameter the
tension or weight is taken off the beam, in case the weaver wishes to let off or
back by the lever on its fulcrum the spring released and the tension taken off
the beam, the spring thus being held in five places or the back bearer or rest is
carried on pivoited levers to which are attached arms on bearers which partly
embrace the ruffles or necks of the beam the ordinary ropes or chains pass around
the necks or ruffles of the beam and thence over the bearer or rest to the spring
rod before described or to weights or weight levers, thus it will be seen that as
well as the tension put upon the necks of the beam by the ropes or chains a double
tension is also put upon by the arms or bearer.
To weave a better face upon the cloth I employ a second bearer either stationary
or revolving the healds are carried in suitable brackets or supports and operated
by levers, and cams or eccentrics or their equivalents so as to be adjustable so that

page_text: the angle of the bottom shed is altered and when heating up the top shed is slack
and the bottom shed is tight thus a better face is put upon the cloth.
Or the bearer or rest may be a revolving eccentric shaft, or a rest connected to
the sley, or may be arranged with levers from the back rest operated from the
crank shaft or other going part of the loom.
To an improved cloth roller lever which allows the cloth roller to lower as it
fills without stopping the loom as is now the case with most existing cloth roller
levers. I construct my improved cloth roller lever with the usual pivot or bearing,
and a link embracing the shaft of the cloth roller is pivotted or hinged to the lever
forming a swivel joint so as to allow for the necessary lowering of the cloth roller
as the piece is woven to the cloth roller lever is also attached a swivelled catch or
hook, so that when it is required to pull out a cut by pressing down the end of the
lever and pushing back the catch it hooks upon the end of the chair carrying the
lever and so holds the cloth roller free.
To an improved gripper for holding the weights and ropes.
I construct my improved gripper so that there is no boring required the saddle
being made in two parts each part having studs or paps which fit into corresponding
holes in the stem hook or eye, the two pieces of the saddle being held together by
a bolt or the holes and paps may be reversed by this means the saddle and the
stem or hook are hinged together and so prevents either of them from being
detached and which now is the case with the existing gripper or the saddle may
be made of malleable iron in one piece with paps or lugs and then nipped into
position.
To an improved shuttle box guard or front, I construct my improved shuttle box
guard with the end against which the shuttle generally strikes when it flies out of
its race tapered, to such a degree that the point of the shuttle cannot come in
contact with it and so does not damage either the shuttle tip or the guard.
To an improved spring buffer for the duck bill bracket. I construct the bracket
with a slot in which is a buffer held forwards by a spring carried by the bolt which
secures the bracket or the buffer may be slotted and held in the bracket by a pin
which passes through the slot in the buffer in both cases the buffer will readily
give and so lessen the force of contact.
To an improved means of attaching the box end and spring to the sley I attach
the box end and spring to the sley with an ordinary bolt but in lieu of the
ordinary nut which is placed in a vertical hole underneath the sley I make an
horizontal hole in which I place a semicircular elongated nut with a boss so that
the nut cannot turn round and requires no packing, and is easily placed in
position.
To an improved spectacle or guide, the spectacle or guide for the check strap I
make with its sides rounded and lengthened so as to present a rounded and larger
wearing surface and it has spikes or prongs to. attach it and so requires simply
driving into the sley board.
To an improved spring for box end I construct my improved spring for box
end with one or both ends bent over and bearing against the box end and the
spindle nipple, the bolt passing between the two ends near to the lower end of the
spring.
To an improved steadying guide for weft fork hammer. I attach to the web of
the front rest a clip bracket with two projecting fingers for steadying the weft
fork bammer when it has become worn the clip bracket being attached by set
screws can be placed in any position without boring.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Singleton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd September 1882.
THOMAS SINGLETON of Darwen in the county of Lancaster IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING.
My invention relates
Firstly To an improved weighting motion for the warp beam with or without
weights around each ruffle of the beam are the usual ropes or chains which at one end
are secured to springs at the loom side, the other ends being connected by links or
bearers to a spring rod running the length of the loom, the spring rod is supported
at each end in suitable brackets one of which is regulated by a screw, the other
being in the form of an L lever, about the centre of the spring rod is a bracket
and runner; a pivotted lever, one end of which acts as a feeler on the beam its
other being eccentric bears against the runner in the centre of the spring rod; or
the eccentric portion of the lever may be toothed and gear another toothed cam so
as to graduate quicker that as the beam decreases in diameter the tension or weight
is taken off the beam in case the weaver wishes to let off or back, by moving the
Llever on its fulcrum, the spring is released and the tension taken off, the spring
being thus held in five places; or in lieu of this above arrangement a rope or chain
passes round the ruffle of the beam, one end is attached to a weighted lever the
other end is secured to a second weighted lever upon the same fulcrum whose end
rests in a slotted adjustable bracket, the outer lever is weighted sufficiently to
bring back the beam and when the lever rises to put in the pick, it comes in
contact with a dead stop or bracket the length of the rise can be regulated at will,
if required a feeler can be applied to this arrangement and so automatically
regulates the tension; upward of 200 lbs in weight is dispensed with by this
method.
To weave a better face upon the cloth I employ a second or additional bearer
either stationary or revolving, the bearers are carried in suitable brackets, or
supports, and operated by levers, and cams or eccentrics, or their equivalents so as
to be adjustable and act upon the bottom shed only, so that the angle of the
bottom shed is altered and when beating up the top shed is slack and the bottom
shed is tight, thus, a better face or cover is produced upon the cloth; or the bearer
or rest may be a revolving excentric shaft, or a rest connected to the sley, or may
be arranged with the levers from the back rest operated from the driving wheel,
crank shaft or other going part of the loom.
To an improved cloth roller lever which allows the cloth roller to lower as it
fills without stopping the loom (as is now the case with most existing cloth roller
levers), I construct my improved cloth roller lever with the usual pivot or bearing,
and a link embracing the shaft of the cloth roller is pivotted or hinged to the lever
forming a swivel joint so as to allow for the necessary lowering of the cloth roller,
as the piece is woven; to the cloth roller lever is also attached a swivelled catch
or hook so that when it is required to pull out a cut by pressing down the end of
the lever and pushing back the catch it hooks upon the end of the chair, carrying
the lever and so holds the cloth roller free.
An improved gripper for holding the weights and ropes. I construct my
improved gripper so that there is no boring required the saddle being made in
two parts having studs or paps, which fit into corresponding holes in the stem,
hook, or eye, the two pieces of the saddle being held together by a bolt or the
holes and paps may be reversed by this means the saddle and the stem, or hook,
are hinged together, and so prevents either of them from being detached, which

page_text: Sheet 1 Figs 1 3 and 4 shew my improved weighting motions for the warp
beam; Fig 1; around each ruffle A of the beam B are the usual ropes or chains,
which at one end are secured to springs C attached to the loom side, the other
ends being connected by links or bearers D, to the spring rod E, running the
length of the loom; the spring rod is supported at each end in suitable brackets F,
one of which is regulated by a screw G, the other being in the form of an L
lever G', about the centre of the spring rod is a bracket H, and runner H'; a
pivotted lever J, one end J, of which acts as a feeler on the beam B, its other
end J being eccentric bears against the runner H¹ in the centre of the spring rod E
or the eccentric portion of the lever may be toothed and gear with another toothed
cam so as to graduate quicker that as the beam decreases in diameter the tension
or weight is taken off the beam, in case the weaver wishes to let off or back by
moving the lever on its fulcrum the spring is released and the tension taken off
the beam, the spring being thus held; or as shewn at Fig 3, a rope or chain passes
round the ruffle A of the beam B one end is attached to a weighted lever M the
other end is secured to a second weighted lever N upon the same fulcrum whose
end rests in a slotted adjustable bracket, the outer lever N is weighted sufficiently
to bring back the beam, and when the lever N rises to put in the pick it comes
in contact with a dead stop or bracket O the length of the rise can be regulated at
will if required a feeler can be applied to this arrangement as shewn at Fig. 1 and
so automatically regulates the tension; upwards of 200 lbs in weight is dispensed
with by this method.

page_text: Figs 5. 6 and 7 shew different arrangements for weaving a better face upon the
cloth. I employ a second or additional bearer P either stationary or revolving,
the bearers are carried in suitable brackets or supports P¹ and operated by levers R,
and cams, or eccentrics R', or their equivalents so as to be adjustable and act upon
the bottom shed only so that the angle of the bottom shed is altered and the shed
tight; thus a better face or cover is produced upon the cloth; or the bearer or rest
may be a revolving eccentric shaft, or a rest connected to the sleys, or may be
arranged with a lever from the back rest operated from the driving wheel crank
shaft or other going part of the loou.
Sheet 2. Figs 8 and 9. shew front and side elevation of an improved cloth roller
lever A, which allows the cloth roller B to lower as it fills without stopping the
loom as is now the case with most existing cloth roller levers I construct my
improved cloth roller lever A with the usual pivot or bearing C, a link D,
embracing the shaft E, of the cloth roller B is pivotted or hinged at A¹, to the
lever A, forming a swivel joint, so as to allow for the necessary lowering of the
cloth roller, as the piece is woven; to the cloth roller lever A is also attached a
swivelled catch or hook F so that when it is required to puil out a cut by pressing
down the end of the lever and pushing back the catch, it hooks upon the end of
the chair G, carrying the lever and so holds the cloth roller free.
Figs 10, 11. 12 and 13 shew different arrangements of my improved grippers for
holding the weights and ropes: I construct my improved grippers, so that there is
no boring required, the saddle H being made in two parts each part having studs
or paps J which fit into corresponding holes in the stem, hook, or eye, the two
pieces of the saddle being held together by a bolt K; or the holes and paps may
be reversed by this means the saddle and the stem, or hook, are hinged together.
and so prevents either of them from being detached which now is the case with
the existing grippers; or the saddle may be made of malleable iron, in one piece,
with paps, or lugs, and then nipped into position (as shewn at Figs 12 and 13)
Fig. 14. shews an improved shuttle box guard or front. I construct my improved
shuttle box guard L with the end L' against which the shuttle M generally strikes
when it flies out of its race, tapered to such a degree, that the point of the shuttle
cannot come in contact with it and so does not damage either the shuttle tip or
the guard.
Figs. 15, 15 and 16 shews an improved spring buffer for the duck bill
bracket; Fig. 17 shews a modification of same. I construct the bracket N with a
slot N¹ in which is a buffer O held forwards by a spring P carried by the bolt P¹
which secures the bracket or the buffer O may be slotted and held by a pin or
projection O' which passes through a slot N in the buffer in which is a spring or
block of india-rubber N³ in both cases the buffer will readily give and so lessen
the force of contact.
Figs 18 and 19, shew an elevation and plan of an improved means of attaching
the box end and spring to the sley. I attach the box end R and spring R' to the
sley S with an ordinary bolt S', but in lieu of the ordinary nut which is placed
in a vertical hole underneath the sley; I make an horizontal hole T in which I
place a semicircular elongated nut T¹ with a boss so that the nut cannot turn round
and requires no packing and is easily placed in position.
Figs 20 and 21 shew front and side elevation of an improved spectacle or guide;
the spectacle or guide V for the check strap, I make with its sides W, rounded
and lengthened so as to present a rounded and larger wearing surface; and it has
spikes or prongs W₁ to attach it and so simply requires driving into the sley
board
Figs 18 and 19 shew an improved spring for box end; I construct my improved
spring R for the box end with one or both ends R* and R³ bent over and bearing
against the box end and spindle nipple R the bolt S¹ passing between the two
ends near the lower end of the spring.
Figs 22, 23 and 24 shew my improved steadying guides for weft fork hammer.
I attach to the web of the front rest U, a clip bracket Y, with two projecting

page_text: fingers Yand Y' for steadying the weft fork hammer, when it has become worn ;-
the clip bracket being attached by set screws can be placed in any position without
boring, or an adjustable clip may be used as shewn at Fig. 22.
Having thus fully described and particularly ascertained the nature of this my
said invention I would have it understood that what I claim as the invention to
be secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is.
Firstly. The combination of the lever J runner H¹ and bracket H constructed
and operating in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Secondly. The combination of the spring rod E bearers F F. D D, and H,
constructed and operating in the manner and for the purpose set forth
Thirdly The combination of levers M, N, and dead stop O, constructed and
operating in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Fourth. The general arrangement of weighting motions for the warp beam
constructed and operating as shewn at Figs 1. 3. and 4.
Fifth. The arrangement for weaving a better face upon the cloth as shewn at
Figs 5. 6 and 7 constructed and operating as set forth
Sixth. The arrangement of cloth roller lever as shewn at Figs 8 and 9 constructed
and operating as set forth.
Seventh. The improved grippers as shewn at Figs 10. 11. 12 and 13 constructed
and operating as set forth.
Eighth. The improved shuttle box guard as shewn at Fig. 14 constructed and
operating as set forth
Nineth. The arrangement of spring buffer as shewn at Figs 15, 15ª 16, and 17
constructed and operating as set forth
Tenth. Improved arrangement for attaching the box end to the sley as shewn at
Figs 18 and 19 constructed and operating as set forth.
Eleventh. The improved spectacle and guide constructed and operating as shewn
at Figs 20 and 21.
Twelvth. The improved spring for box end as shewn at Figs 18 and 19
constructed and operating as set forth
Thirteenth. The improved arrangement of horizontal hole Tand nut T' as shewn
at Figs 18 and 19 constructed and operating as set forth
Lastly. The improved steadying guide for weft fork hammer as shewn at
Figs 22. 23 and 24 constructed and operating as set forth
In witness whereof I the said Thomas Singleton have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty nineth day of August in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty two
Witness
JOHN E. WALSH
Patent Agent
Halifax, Leeds, and Bradford
THO SINGLETON (L.S.)