Improved Portable Apparatus for Loading Cartridges.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Oct., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1899-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Portable Apparatus for Loading Cartridges.
I, JAN SKIBINSKI, of Radom, Poloque, Russia, Inventor, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the combination of a plurality of devices mounted
on a common frame, said devices serving to cap, charge and finish empty paper
and metal cartridges and having been separately used heretofore.
The machine embodying my invention and which I employ for the manufacture
of paper cartridges is composed of a suitable bed-plate supported on legs and
on the upper face of which is rigidly secured a suitable post or, standard; two
levers are pivotally attached to the upper end portion of said standard, the left
hand lever being adapted to swing horizontally around said standard, while the
right hand lever can be moved in a vertical plane.
For removing the used cap from the empty cartridge to utilise said cartridge
again I fit the cartridge over a small post secured to the bed-plate of the machine
and I produce a pressure thereon by means of a recessed head or knob adjustably
secured to the right hand lever of the machine, said head or knob being in line
with said post, as said lever is placed in a horizontal position.
For chipping off and polishing the inner surface of the empty cartridge the
same is introduced into a horizontally arranged cylinder secured on the left
end portion of the bed plate, the cartridge being held in said cylinder by a
movable bolt suitably arranged on the bed plate; in front of said cylinder is a
stationary nut on the bed-plate, in which turns a threaded rod, one end of which
is provided with a handle, and the other end, adapted to move into the empty
cartridge, has a suitable part for chipping off and polishing the inner surface of
said cartridge.
The new cap is put into the cartridge, in fitting the latter over a small post
secured on the bed plate underneath the right hand lever of the machine and
the upper end of which is suitably recessed; the cap is then driven into the
cartridge by the pressure of a suitable head or knob adjustably secured to the
right hand lever, just above said recessed post.
The cap being thus in place within the cartridge and the powder and shot
charged therein, the usual plug will be pressed upon the charge by the following
arrangement; on the right end portion of the bed-plate is secured a hollow body
adapted to receive the cartridge which is firmly held therein by any suitable
means; the plug is pressed upon the charge by a punch pivotally mounted
on the right hand lever of the machine at a point just above said hollow body.
The cartridge being now provided with a new cap charged and stopped with
the usual plug, the same will be completely finished, i.e. the rims thereof turned
inwards over said plug, as follows; the right hand lever is moved into a vertical
position, and the left hand lever swung around the first mentioned post or
standard on the bed-plate into position over the above mentioned hollow body
wherein the cartridge is held. Said left hand lever (now on the right of the

page_text: machine) carries a vertically movable rod, the lower end of which has the usual
head adapted to be pressed upon the cartridge and to turn inwards the upper rim
thereof whereafter the cartridge will be ready for use.
The machine thus far described serves to manufacture paper cartridges, as
already stated: if-it is desired to manufacture metal cartridges, the above described
machine will be slightly modified in some points but without departing from the
spirit of the invention.
Dated this 17th day of October 1808
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for the Applicant.
Improved Portable Apparatus for Loading Cartridges.
I, JAN SKIBINSKI, of Radom, Russian-Poland, Inventor, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of sporting cartridges whether of
paper or metal, and its object is to combine in one convenient apparatus the
various devices which heretofore have been used separately.
For the convenience of combining these separate devices in a single machine
or apparatus modifications have been introduced to suit the general arrangement
of the combined apparatus in order to render it complete and yet compact.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
practice I will at once proceed to describe the same with reference to the accom-
panying drawings in which:
Figures 1 to 5 are various views of a hand machine for manufacturing paper
cartridges, and
Figures 67 and 8 are a side-elevation, an end-elevation and a plan respectively
of a similar machine for use in making metallic cartridges.
Referring to the machine for making paper cartridges Figures 1 to 5, the
various devices or mechanisms are arranged in succession on a frame plate A
provided with legs a.
For removing the damaged and useless cap from the casing in order to re-fill
the cartridge a small die P is provided upon which the casing is placed and
pressed by the head carried by the lever-arm B which is pivotted to the
forked head of an upright T. The head p is formed with a circular recess into
which the ejected anvil with its pin enters upon being pressed out by the die P,
the said recess being large enough to prevent the anvil with its pin or rod
becoming damaged. The anvil can be removed and used for several times. The
position of the head p may be regulated by means of the screw 7 so as to suit
the thickness of the cartridge end. The side walls of the casing are smoothened
by means of the device arranged at the left on the frame plate A consisting in
a cylinder E into which the casing enters and in which it is retained through the
intervention of a bolt e formed, with a hinged joint for opening it.
This arrange-
ment serves for holding the casing while its interior is being operated upon
by a small cylinder attached to a screw spindle H operated by a suitable handle
as shown. The new cap is introduced or fixed by the aid of a hollow die C
and punch the latter being attached to the pivotted lever B in proximity to
the head used for removing the old cap. The difference between this die C
and die P is that in the former case the recess is in the die itself. The depth
of the recess in the die C corresponds to the length of anvil and its diameter to
that of the cap for each calibre.

page_text: The pressing of the wads upon the powder and upon the shot is effected by
means of the matrix Y with punch or die y, the latter being pin-jointed to the
lever B. The cylindrical hole in the matrix is continued right through it and
also through the frame A and the cartridge casing is introduced from below
into this matrix. The cartridge casing can be supported at any position in the
matrix by using the movable plate M Figures 4 and 4" adapted to be raised or
lowered by a pinion and crank handle acting on a rack.
This arrangement is specially provided to secure the wads in a perfectly
horizontal position.
Figure 4 shows a top plan of the plate M and how the case is held in position
on the said plate. After pulling out the locking slide I the lower end of the
cartridge tube is placed into the round cavity in the plate M whereby the
rim of the case is seated underneath the crescent shaped flange f. By now
pushing in the locking slide I a tooth formed at the inner end
of said locking slide grips over the rim of the tube thus retaining between
it and the flange f the tube upon the plate M. The use of this plate is necessary
for the reason that as the plunger y is fixed by a hinged joint to the lever B
(Figure 2) the plunger y can only accurately compress in a truly uniform manner
in a horizontal plane when in its median position.
It follows therefore, when the plunger presses downward, in order to effect a
uniform compression, that the cartridge also occupies a median position in the
matrix Y. This is effected by the aid of the plate M which permits of varying
the vertical position of the cartridge in the matrix so as to bring the upper
surface of the cartridge to coincide with the median position of the plunger y.
On referring to Figure 4 which is an inverted plan of the arrangement of the
bolt it will be seen how the bolt slides between the two bars fixed underneath
the plate which is furnished with strips s and secured by screws which strips
serve for the bolt to slide upon. When the bolt J is drawn out the plate M
can enter freely between the two ledges.
The part forms a handle for operating the holt J.
The bolt or slide J serves to retain the cartridge in the matrix Y after the
piston y has compressed the material in the cartridge and during the time
whilst placing the wad over the powder-charge.
After the uppermost wad is pressed into the cartridge the end of the cartridge
casing is forced inwards by means of the burring tool K secured in an arm
adapted to move in a horizontal plane by micans of a sleeve around the pillar T
and to be placed above the matrix Y. The arm with the burring tool K is
shown in its position of rest at Figure 1 being placed to one side of the machine,
while Figure 4 shows it in its working position and with the lever B turned
upwards. The head of the tool K forms a kind of piston the under surface of
which is recessed and so shaped as to suit the cartridge. The tool is revolved by
means of the vertical spindle mounted loose in the arm and driven by crank
handle and gear at its upper end.
In succeeding order the operations are as follows:-
Having filled the cartridge with powder the cartridge is placed upon the plate M
by the aid of which it is introduced into the matrix Y so as to compress the
powder through the action of the plunger y. For this purpose and in order
that the pressure may be uniform the plate M is raised just the required distance
to bring the upper portion of the cartridge to the middle position in the matrix Y
in order that the plunger y, whose compressing surface is only correctly horizontal
when in a median position, may be enabled to cause a uniform compression.
After having thus compressed the powder, the lever B is raised so as to withdraw
the plunger from the matrix Y. Thereupon by the aid of the handle X
and rack, the plate or table M is raised in the manner so as to completely
enter the cartridge into the matrix Y and then after disengaging the
cartridge from the plate M this latter is lowered and replaced by the bolt
or slide J which now holds the cartridge in its place by being slidden underneath

page_text: it, and so allows of the powder wad being placed in the cartridge above the
charge. The shot is then placed in position in the cartridge and the upper wad
inserted. Having thus put the shot wad in its place, the slide J is withdrawn and
the plate M then again brought into use for holding the cartridge during the
crimping or burring by the aid of the tool K. This latter, as previously stated is
replaced by means of the lever above the matrix Y and is then lowered upon
the cartridge by means of the crank K2 which rotates a pinion K³ in gear with
the rack K which latter carries a bearing for operating the stem of the tool K.
During the operation of compressing the charge in the cartridge, the latter is
maintained in position by means of the plate M. This plate may be fixed in
position at any required level through the intervention of a pawl X³ Fig. 4
acting upon the pinion X of the rack a.
During this crimping operation the cartridge is thus held for a second time
by the plate M and is thereby prevented from rotating whilst the tool K revolves
through the action of the crank K6 Figure 4.
This arrangement for burring the edge of the cartridge, although operated by
hand enables a strong and even pressure to be applied to the head K.
The machine for manufacturing metallic cartridges shown at Figures 6, 7-and 8
is similar to the above described machine. The frame plate or bed A is not
supported upon legs as before but it has at one side handles all and it carries
means, operated by two lever arms and B", for removing and replacing the
old cap with its anvil by a fresh one. The removal of the cap is effected through
the die P acting in conjunction with the head on the lever arm 0". The
inner surface of the cartridge casing is then cleaned by means of the scraper All
attached to a vertical spindle which can be rotated by means of a handle while
the cartridge casing is held in a clamping claw K
The new cap is inserted by the aid of the punch c" secured in the lever arm Bu
and acting in conjunction with the die C in a similar manner to that described
with reference to the arrangement shown in Figure 2.
The device E actuated by the lever B serves for smoothening the walls of
the cartridge casing and consists of a cylinder the bore of which passes through
the bed plate. The casing is inserted in this cylinder and is supported therein
upon a circular head of a screw spindle which can be adjusted vertically
in the frame X".
This frame X is suspended from, the bed plate of the machine end retained
in position by pins o as shown in Figures 7 and 8.
The plunger Y on the lever arm B is used for pressing the wads into the
cartridge casing but as metallic casings are used there is no matrix needed for
holding them.
In both forms of machine N and Nu are supporting legs hinged upon the
levers O and B or O and B respectively and serving to support the various parts
when the machine is at rest.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:―
1. A hand machine for manufacturing sporting cartridges with paper casings,
characterized in that the various devices, viz; the die and head for removing
the old firing cap, the cylinder E, gripper e and screw spindle H for cleaning and
smoothening the cartridge casing, the die C and punch for setting the new firing
cap, the matrix Y and plunger y for compressing the wads in the cartridge casing
supported upon the adjustable plate M and retained in a clamp I together with
the burring tool K are all arranged in their proper order on the frame plate or
bed A and with the head p, punch and plunger y pivotted to a common lever
arm B, while the burring tool K is held in a horizontally swinging arm 0,
substantially as shown and described with, reference to Figures 1 to 5 of the
drawing.

page_text: 2. The modified form of machine for manufacturing cartridges with metallic
casings in which the common frame plate or bed A supports the die P" for
removing the old firing cap, the clamp or vice K" the die C for inserting a
fresh cap, the cylinder El for smoothening the walls of the casing, and the
frame with its screw spindle, while the head p" and scraper klare carried
by the lifting lever arm and the punch ell, tool ett and compressing plunger Y
on a second lifting lever arm B", substantially as described with reference to
Figures 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawing.
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.