CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF SUBMERGED OR SUBAQUEOUS LAMPS, AND IN THE FLUID USED IN AND ADAPTED TO SUCH LAMPS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Glover, of Ranelagh Road, Pimlico, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF SUBMERGED OR SUBAQUEOUS
LAMPS, AND IN THE FLUID USED IN AND ADAPTED TO SUCH LAMPS."-A
communication from abroad by M. Michel Van der Weyde, of St.
Petersburg, in the Empire of Russia.
Sealed the 9th October 1868, and dated the 15th April 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Glover at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th April 1868.
I, GEORGE GLOVER, of Ranelagh Road, Pimlico, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF SUBMERGED
OR SUBAQUEOUS LAMPS, AND IN THE FLUID USED IN AND ADAPTED TO SUCH LAMPS,"
to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to and consist in the employment of certain
hydro-carbonacious fluids either seperately or in combination to produce

page_text: light in lamps, specially adapted to submerged lanterns, and also in
the arrangement and construction of these lamps to burn such fluids,
thereby producing perfect combustion and emitting the greatest amount
of light; thus doing away with the objections and defects consequent
on the use of "oil burners" in lamps for submerged lanterns. The
accompanying Diagrams will explain the construction of the submarine
lantern and improved lamp.
Figures 1 & 2 an outside elevation, showing the whole body of the
lantern with the position of the lamp with two plate glass panes, one
on each side, one of which is shown bedded into the front plate A;
this is screwed on to the body of the lantern by the six clamp screws x,
and is made perfectly tight by flanges of caoutchouc or any other
elastic material intervening between the body of the lantern and tho
glazed diaphragm; B and C are two hose pipes screwed on to the
ingress and egress passages D and E for air. The hose B and C reaching
above the surface of the water so as to be away from the action of the
water. The passage D is the ingress passage for the air to support
combustion; the passage E is the egress passage to convey away the
fixed air deprived of its oxygen.
We do not claim anything new in the construction of the lantern,
as the one herein described is similar to the one patented by Mr. Henry
Richardson Fenshawe, No. 2580, dated 20th September 1862; but what
we desire to secure is the peculiar form and construction of lamp
as adapted to submerged or subaqueous lanterns. The difficulty in
employing oil as a material for combustion to produce light is in the
motion consequent on the use of such lanterns under water throwing
up more fluid than would be required or would be taken up by capillary
attraction naturally.
One of the forms of lamp which we prefer is shown partially in
Figure 3, where R, R, is a reservoir filled with an hydrocarbon or the
mixture of such volatile fluids in their proper equivalents to produce
perfect combustion, such as pure alcohol and spirits of turpentine,
or the lighter hydro-carbonacious fluid from parafine or petroleum or
coal tar naptha mixed with any other fluid in their proper equivalents
so as to produce light without smoke. The tube 8 containing the
wick is screwed into the reservoir R, the wick takes up the fluid
to the top, around which there are a series of small holes immediately
under the cup V. In lighting this lamp some small bits of charcoal

page_text: are placed in the cup V on to which is poured some of the spirit or
spirits of wine; it is then lit with a match, heats the top of the burner
which volatilizes the fluid taken up by the wick in the inside of the
tube when the gas issues from the small holes each producing a
jet of luminous flame. Or fhe fluid may be contained in any receptacle
below and held there by any fibrous material with a wick extending
up to the top of the tube which will burn in the same manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said George Glover in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th October 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
GLOVER, of Ranelagh Road, Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in
the thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said George Glover, Her
special licence that I, the said George Glover, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others, as I, the said George Glover,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,.
usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF SJEMERGED>
OR SUBAQUEOUS LAMPS, AND IN THE FLUID USED IN AND ADAPTED TO SUCH
LAMPS," being a communication to him from abroad by Michael Van der
Weyde, of St. Petersburgh, in the Empire of Russia, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said George Glover, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to.
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent.

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Glover, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My improvements consists in the employment of certain hydro-
carbonaceous fluids either separately or in combination, to produce
light in lamps especially adapted to submerged or subaqueous lanterns,
and also in the arrangement and construction of subaqueous lamps 1
for lanterns to burn hydro-carbonaceous fluids, thereby producing
perfect combustion, and emitting the greatest amount of light, thus
doing away with the objections and defects consequent on the use
of "oil burners" for lamps used in submerged lanterns.
The accompanying Drawings will explain the construction of the 1
submerged or subaqueous lantern, and the improved lamp as adapted
to such lanterns, the construction and arrangement of the lamps and
its burner forming the main elements of my Invention, as adapted
to such submerged or subaqueous lanterns.
Figure 1 and 2 are sectional elevations, shewing the whole body of a
the lantern with the position of the new form of lamp; Figure 3
is a sectional view of the lamp shewing the carbonaceous spirit with
the wick and tube, the top part of which forms the burner.
Figure 1 represent the lantern in section. A, the ingress pipe which
conveys air by means of a hose attached at B which leads up to the
surface of the water, so as to convey air down to the lantern passing
in by the passage C and into the body of the lantern D, to support
the combustion of the hydro-carbonaceous fluid at the top of the
burner E, the consumed air or products of combustion passes off
by the passage F and up through the hose G and thence to the surface:
of the water.
Figure 2 represent a section of the lantern, shewing the manner
by which the front part is " glazed" with the glass H and is fastened
by the screws a, a.
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the lamp; b, the chamber into
which is passed the hydro-carbonaceous fluid; c, the wick passing up
through the tube d to the top of the burner, which is closed over

page_text: by the cap e. The reservoir or chamber 6 is partially filled with
simple hydro-carbonaceous fluid or a compound fluid being a mixture
of such volatile fluids, in their proper equivalents to produce perfect
combustion, such as pure alcohol and spirits of turpentine in their
proper equivalents. Or the lighter hydrocarbons from parafine, or coal
tar, in their simple form, or mixed with any other fluid in their proper
equivalents, so as to produce light without smoke or in other words
perfect combustion.
The tube d containing the wick is screwed into the reservoir b at
the point marked f. The wick c takes up the hydrocarbon by
capillary attraction, and when the fluid arrives at the top it is volatized
into vapour, and is emitted through the small holes producing
light from its combustion, doing away with the objections consequent
on the burning of oil in lamps for submerged or subaqueous
lanterns.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe that I do not restrict or confine
myself to the precise details in the conformation and arrangements of
these lamps for subaqueous lanterns, as variations may be made without
deviating from the principles or main features of the said Invention
but what I consider to be new and original, and claim as my Invention
herein-before recited is, the application of lamps for burning hydro-
carbonaceous fluids adapted to subaqueous or submerged lanterns,
and the form and construction of such apparatus as fully described
in this Specification and shewn in the Drawings.
In witness whercof, I, the said George Glover, have hereunto sct
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight
GEO. GLOVER. (L.s.)