Improvements in or relating to Carburettors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1899-Accepted, 19th Aug., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Carburettors.
I, EDGARD NICOLAS DÉSIRÉ GEORIS, of 15, Boulevard Audent, Charleroi, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Barrister, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: —
The present invention relates to an apparatus, constructed for the purpose of
carburetting air by means of one, or more carburetted hydrogen gases.
The object of the invention is to produce an apparatus, of light weight, of
simple construction and of small dimensions, effecting carburation at a constant
and regular rate, which rate, however may be varied according to requirements,
and which apparatus could be used to great advantage as the means of supplying
carburetted air to any apparatus serving the purpose of heating or lighting; or
of producing the explosive mixtures (consisting of carburetted air and atmospheric
air) as required for many fixed or movable motors.
The principle of this invention consists, essentially:
1. In exposing to a strong current of air, produced by a blast or suction, curtains
or partitions made of cotton, webbing or the like of not too small a mesh, con-
tained in a casc communicating with a separate feeding reservoir containing the
carburetting fluid, such curtains, if desired, being movable in such a manner as
to allow of the proportion between the curburetting surface and the section of
the air-current to be varied.
2. In securing, by means of sheets of metallic cloth, or netting, in the path
of the current of air a thorough breaking up of the air and a thorough mixing
with the volatilised parts of the carburetting material.
3. In arranging at the outlet of the carburetting chamber, another chamber
filled with metal filings and shavings where the process of carburation is com-
pleted, and which may also serve as the mixing chamber for the carburetted air and
fresh air, or where the carburetted air arrives already charged with the required
excess of air by the adjustment of the ratio between the carburetting surface and
the section of the air current, thus producing an explosive mixture for motors.
The invention, finally, becomes more evident by the arrangements and com-
binations of the parts of the apparatus as hereinafter described.
The drawings represent various forms of carburettors which may be constructed
according to this invention:
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a carburetter suitable for a heating and
lighting apparatus:
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line y-y of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a vertical section of an apparatus intended to supply a fixed motor,
with an explosive mixture of gas and air.,
Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 represents a vertical section of a carburettor suitable for a motor vehicle.
The apparatus consists of a chamber a, which may be advantageously of a
rectangular section, connected by means of a tube b, with a feed reservoir c filled
with the carburetting fluid, such reservoir standing on a higher level, and being

page_text: securely closed by a cover or stopper d. On opening the tape of the tube b,
the air in the chamber a and tube b will rise to the reservoir c, according to the
laws of density, while the liquid in (petroleum etc.) will descend and fill up a
corresponding space in the chamber a, until it arrives at a point f. At this
lovel the liquid in the chamber a will remain constant, the chamber a being
constantly replenished from the reservoir c to make up for the amount taken up
by the air in passing through the apparatus.
The opposite sides of the carburetter a are provided with a number of perfora-
tions on their upper parts 7 and h; the current of air entering the chamber
through g and leaving it through . Inside this chamber a and facing the
perforations at and h, i.c. parallel with the sides 7 and are frames or bars i,
covered with cotton thread of a flocky texture wound vertically, i.e. from top to
bottom, close to one another so as to form a web or filling k, k, between the bars.
The ends of some of the threads are left free at the lower end forming a kind
of tassel or loose bunch, l.
The taking off and replacing of the cotton thread is easily and speedily effected;
while the bars or frames are so arranged that they can easily be removed from the
chamber. In the middle of the frames, like a panel or between two such frames
extends a trellis or metal lattice m, for the purpose of better dividing the air
and mixing it with the carburetting material with which the fabric is saturated,
as the air is driven through. Following the last perforated portion of the car-
buretter a chamber n is arranged which chamber is filled with metallic shavings
rods or material in order to finally and completely ensure the dividing of the
air and thus, a thorough mixture with the carburetting material, and, also,
the extinguishing of any spark or flame which might have found entrance into tho
apparatus through a faulty working of the valve, or any other cause, in a
carburettor directly connected with a motor.
The frames i Figs. 1 to 4 might be made movable in a vertical direction by
means of pinions o and racks 7, or equivalent contrivance, operated from the
outside of the apparatus, it being advisable to work each separately; although it
is possible so to connect the several devices as to operate them simultaneously.
It is owing to this disposition of the frames and their coverings k, in the part of
the carburetter which is traversed by the current of air, whereby they may be
raised more or less, that it is possible to alter the ratio between the amount of
carburetting surface, or surfaces, and the section of the air-current so as to
secure in the mixture the desired proportion between the component parts; a
circumstance of great importance in view of the variations as regards the density
of carburetting materials as well as, of the changes in the constitution of the
carburetted air necessitated by the requirements of the different motors that
may have to be fed by the same carburetter.
In carburettors for supplying moving motors, as in motor-cars, the frames i are
preferably fixed and are preferably carried up to the top of the curburetting
chamber. In order to increase the length of travel of the air-current the
plates m may be so arranged as to force the air to pass through in a zigzag way.
To ensure this the perforations on the plates m, Fig. 5, occur alternately at
the top and bottom. The plates with the upper perforations do not quite reach
the bottom of the chamber or have a few holes at their lower end to allow of a
free communication of the liquid through all the compartments of the apparatus.
When the plates mare arranged in the manner as shown in Fig. 5 the
curtains need not be introduced, provilled the plates m are arranged
sufficiently close to one another. In such an arrangement the air passes several
times over the carburetting liquid, and through the minute holes in the plates,
leaving on them particles of the liquid, which it takes up in its passage through
the plates. The air, in this way, becomes saturated with the carburetting
liquid.
When a carburettor is used as a feeder of and in connection with, a motor, i.e.,
when the air is drawn by suction through the apparatus, the chamber ŉ is

page_text: treated as the chamber where the mixing of the parts forming the explosive
mixture, is effected. For this purpose the chamber can be opened on the top
by means of a sliding liq q, moving in guides r, which are either fixed or
attached to the top lid s of the apparatus. A rod t, hinged to the lid q and
acted upon by a system of levers and handle, servos to effect the amount of open-
ing of the lid 9, and thereby to regulate the proportion of the compounds of the
mixture. The top lids should, if possible be removable. In Figs. 3 to 5 it is
shown as a sliding lid which is firmly kept in its place against the action of
the rod t and by a bent spring rod u, (having an outwardly bent portion to
serve as a handle) soldered to the top lid's so as to hold or lock the lid securely.
When it is desired to remove the lid s the outer end of the rod u is raised, so
that the lids can be slidden back. To prevent dust, etc., from entering the
chamber a, a covering w, the upper portion of which is plain, whilst its sides are
of trellis or perforated with a number of holes:
When the carburetting liquid is too much interferred with by the accumulation
of impurities at the bottom of the chamber it may be emptied by opening the
tap z.
The conduit supplying the apparatus with the air current may be either a
simple tube x, Fig. 1 or an additional partition a next to the side of a may
serve the purpose, Figs. 3 to 5. When the air-current is produced by suction,
the conduit ought to be, at least, as high as the apparatus in order to prevent
carburetted air from escaping by it whenever the apparatus is at rest.
The air current passes through the parts kk dipping into the carburetting
liquid, the level of which remains constant. The perforated partitions m cause
a frequent breaking up of the air and expose fresh parts of it to the carburetting
medium. The frames ensure a thorough saturation of the air with the car-
buretting substance of constant density, and by the provision of the curtains of
cotton threads or the like of a flocky or absorbent nature forming, as it were a
continuous web over a trellised, or perforated panel a quick and complete
volatization of the carburetting substance is produced. The carburettor uses
the carburetting substance up to the last drop. When the carburettor is con-
nected with a movable motor the constant disturbances to which the level of the
liquid is exposed owing to the shaking of the motor are counteracted by the
frames, the trellis plates m and the floating threads ; whereby a constant
saturation i.c., a constant mixture or proportion is ensured of the components of
the carburetted air. To vary this proportion of the component parts it is only
necessary to regulate the size of the exposed surface by raising the frames
more or less into the air current or to regulate the admission of air to the mixing
chamber, by means of the sliding cover q, in which chamber the explosive
mixture is being formed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
1. Apparatus for carburetting air comprising an arrangement of frames
covered with curtains or webs of absorbent fibrous material to the current of air
traversing the apparatus said frames or curtains extending into the carburetting
liquid in the apparatus the level of which liquid is kept constant.
2. In apparatus for carburetting air one or more curtains or partitions formed
of thread or fabric of an absorbent nature wound round or applied to frames or
to a perforated plate.
3. In apparatus for carburetting air the arrangement of metal trellis or per-
forated metal plates in the interior of or between pairs of curtains for the purpose
of dividing the air and securing an intimate mixing of the air with the car-
buretting surface.
4. In apparatus for carburetting air the arrangement of movable curtains or

page_text: frames, whereby they can be moved more or less into the space traversed by
the air current.
5. In apparatus for carburetting air the arrangement at the outlet of the
apparatus of a mixing chamber filled with metallic shavings rods or equivalent
material substantially as and for the purpose described.
6. In apparatus for carburetting air the arrangement of a mixing chamber for
the production of an explosive mixture, such chamber being provided with a
sliding cover whereby the admission of air can be regulated.
7. In apparatus for carburetting air of the kind described the arrangement of
a movable sliding lid or cover secured firmly by means of a bolt and spring
device substantially as described.
8. In apparatus for carburetting air the arrangement of a protecting cap on
the cover for preventing the entry of dust unto the mixing chamber said cover
being perforated at the sides substantially as described.
9. In apparatus for carburetting air the arrangement of a series of metallic
trellis plates or plates without the interposition of carburetting curtains provided
with perforations alternately at the top and bottom in order to cause the current
to take a zigzag course through the apparatus.
10. In apparatus for carburetting air the arrangement of vertical curtains
or partitions formed by windings of absorbent thread upon a panel and pre-
senting at the lower end loose threads or tassels floating in the liquid substantially
as and for the purpose described.
11. In apparatus for carburetting air comprising a chamber provided with
curtains adapted to be saturated with a carburetting liquid connected to a closed
liquid feed reservoir placed on a high level in order to secure a constant level of
liquid in the carburetting chamber.
12. Apparatus for carburetting air characterised by the arrangement of a
receiver of rectangular or other form, two opposite sides of which are provided
with openings for the inlet and exit of air substantially as described.
13. In apparatus for carburetting air of the kind described the arrangement
of an air conduit formed either by a separate tube or one of the compartments
inside the chamber substantially as described.
14. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete car-
buretting apparatus substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2
or in Figures 3 and 4 or in Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of January 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.