IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING FABRICS, AND IN TREATING YARNS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PRODUCING ORNAMENTAL EFFECTS UPON OTHER SURFACES."
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Collier, of Halifax, and James William
Crossley, of Brighouse, both in the County of York, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING FABRICS, AND IN TREATING YARNS, PART OF
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PRODUCING ORNAMENTAL EFFECTS
UPON OTHER SURFACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Collier and James
William Crossley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 17th November 1855.
We, GEORGE COLLIER, of Halifax, & JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Brig-
house, both in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING FABRICS, AND IN TREATING YARNS,
PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PRODUCING ORNAMENTAL
EFFECTS UPON OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to giving a spaugled or crystalline effect upon the
surface of the matters treated, by the application thereto of scaly graphite or
plumbago in a granulated state. To apply this metal to the surface of fabrics,
we mix it in a granulated state with a solution of a glutinous or stiffening
matter, in a trough provided with a suitable stirrer to keep the particles by
agitation floating therein, and we cause the surface of the fabric fully to take
hold of the granulated particles, by passing it through the lower part of the

page_text: trough or where the particles of metal are kept agitated, by which the metal
will be caused to enter into and adhere to the surface thereof; and then by
passing the fabric out between rollers covered with cloth or other suitable.
elastic substance, the superfluous moisture will be forced out, whilst the particles
of metal will be caused more thoroughly to incorporate themselves with the
fabric. The fabric being thus treated, we then dry it & press or otherwise act
upon it in the ordinary way, & as desired when otherwise finishing fabrics. In
applying the process to yarns we proceed in a similar manner.
In obtaining a like effect upon one side only of fabrics or other surfaces, we
prepare the surface to which it is to be applied by the application thereto of
some adhesive matter, as a solution of gum or fine glue, and then we sift the
granulated metal thereon, and by the application of pressure we cause it to
incorporate. In other cases we mix the granulated metal with a varnish, by
which a coating is to be given to a surface, whereby a like spangled or glistening
effect will be obtained.
In some cases, in place of causing the fabric treated to pass through the
trough containing the floating particles, we employ a roller or series of rollers
partly revolving in such trough, and so as to take up the particles floating
therein, which may then be given off to the fabric or other surface, by passing
in contact with such rollers, and these rollers may also be formed to give off
the matter in stripes and other figures. Or, when applying the matters to tho
surfaces, blocks may be employed as when printing in pattern.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Collier and James Williain Crossley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th May 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
COLLIER, of Halifax, and JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY, of Brighouse, both in
the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said George Collier and James William Crossley, Her special licence that
we, the said George Collier and James William Crossley, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Collier and
James William Crossley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at

page_text: any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FINISHING FABRICS, AND IN TREATING YARNS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PRODUCING ORNAMENTAL EFFECTS UPON OTHER SUB-
FACES, upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George Collier
and James William Crossley, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Collier and James William
Crossley, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
The improvements relate to giving a spangled or crystalline effect upon the
surface of the matters treated, by the application thereto of scaly graphite or
plumbago in a granulated state. To apply this metal to the surface of fabrics,
we mix it in a granulated state with a solution of a glutinous or stiffening
matter, in a trough provided with a suitable stirrer to keep the particles by
agitation floating therein, and we cause the surface of the fabric fully to take
hold of the granulated particles, by passing it through the lower part of the
trough or where the particles of metal are kept agitated, by which the metal
will be caused to enter into and adhere to the surface thereof; and then by
passing the fabric out between rollers covered with cloth or other sultable
elastic substance, the superfluous moisture will be forced out; whilst the particles
of metal will be caused more thoroughly to incorporate themselves with the
fabric. The fabric being thus treated, we then dry it, and press or otherwise
act upon it in the ordinary way, and as desired when otherwise finishing fabrics.
In applying the process to yarns we proceed in a similar manner.
In obtaining a like effect upon one side only of fabrics or other surfaces, we
prepare the surface to which it is to be applied by the application thereto of
some adhesive matter, as a solution of gum or fine glue, and then we sift the
granulated metal thereon, and by the application of pressure we cause it to
incorporate. In other cases we mix the granulated metal with a varnish, by
which a coating is to be given to a surface, whereby a like spangled or glistening
effect will be obtained to such surface.

page_text: In some cases, in place of causing the fabric treated to pass through the
trough containing the floating particles, we employ a roller or series of rollers,
partly revolving in such trough, and so as to take up the particles floating
therein, which may then be given off to the fabric or other surface, by passing
in, contact with such rollers, and these rollers may also be formed to give off
the matter in stripes and other figures. Or, when applying the matters to the
surfaces, blocks may be employed as when printing in pattern.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the best means
we are acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it
understood, that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein shewn
and described, so long as the peculiar character of the Invention be retained;
but what we claim is, the treating of fabrics, yarns, and other surfaces, to
produce ornamental effects thereto, by the employment for that purpose of the
material referred to.
In witness whereof, we, the said George, Collier and James William
Crossley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-six.
Witness,
JOHN CROSSLEY.
GEORGE COLLIER.
(L.S.)
JAMES WILLIAM CROSSLEY. (L.S.)