MENTS IN VELOCIPEDES AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Harrington of the
"
Enamel and Cradle Spring
Works" Coventry in the County of Warwick for an Invention of IMPROVE
MENTS IN VELOCIPEDES AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Harrington at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th December 1882.
JOHN HARRINGTON of the "Enamel and Cradle Spring Works" Coventry in
the County of Warwick IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES AND IN APPLIANCES
CONNECTED THEREWITH
.
The Invention has for its object improvements in velocipedes and in appliances
connected there with and relates firstly to means whereby a tricycle may be rendered
capable of being used either for one two or more persons.
In carrying this part of my Invention into effect, in place of employing the
ordinary front steering wheel of a tricycle I mount suitably to the framework
of the machine a wheel which may be driven and steered in a similar manner to
the ordinary driving wheel of a bicycle, the driving may be direct or otherwise
according to the size of wheel employed
When this improved machine is driven from both the main carriage and the
front wheel the steering devolves upon the person driving the front wheel but
when the main carriage alone is driven the steering is effected in the ordinary
manner.
"
Another method of providing a tricycle with an extra seat and driving wheel
consists in attaching to a tricycle, or to a " sociable or double tricycle a wheel
provided with its own independent driving gear and seat without in any way
interfering with the construction of the tricycle by which arrangement two or more
persons may ride in company each doing his own share of propulsion
For this purpose I mount an ordinary wheel upon a suitable frame or backbone,
having a socket or eye at the front end which is intended to swivel upon the
upright shaft or pillar which carries the seat of the ordinary tricycle or "sociable"
or on a stud or pin provided for the purpose in such a manner that the machine
attached will trail as a castor wheel, a transverse joint being also provided to

page_text: enable the trailing machine to rise and fall with inequalities in the road. The
wheel of this trailing machine may be of such size and mounted in such manner
as to be driven by direct crank action or otherwise as a bicycle or it may be
a small wheel driven by chain or crank or by toothed gearing and multiplying
gear.
My Invention also relates to a method of employing a differential double driving
gear either to an open fronted or to an ordinary front steering tricycle in such a
manner that the driving wheels may be mounted upon independent fixed axles,
thereby obviating the inconvenience of the through or central driving axle.
In effecting this improvement I mount the differential gearing upon a suitable
shaft or axle having at or near each end thereof a chain or toothed wheel corre-
sponding with chain or toothed wheels upon the hubs of the driving wheels, the
differential axle is driven by chain in the ordinary way.
My Invention also relates to a novel form of differential gearing. For this
purpose instead of using as heretofore bevelled wheels and pinion I use a pair of
discs with teeth upon their inside surfaces and within the chain wheel I mount
in such a manner as to be capable of engaging in the teeth of the two discs one or
more double pawls the outer ends of which in their normal position enter the teeth
of both discs and when the chain wheel is caused to move forwards or backwards
the pawl carries both discs with it but if either disc takes an independent action
the pawl is released and so allows one wheel to revolve in a different direction or
at a different speed to the other.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Harrington in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th June 1883.
JOHN HARRINGTON of the "Enamel and Cradle Spring Works" Coventry in
the County of Warwick "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES AND IN APPLIANCES
CONNECTED THEREWITH
"
The invention has for its object improvements in velocipedes and in appliances
connected therewith and relates firstly to means whereby a tricycle or other front
steering velocipede may be rendered capable of being used either for one two or
more persons.
"
In carrying this part of my invention into effect I attach to a tricycle or to
a sociable "or double tricycle a wheel provided with its own independent driving
gear and seat without in any way interfering with the construction of the tricycle
by which arrangement two or more persons may ride in company each doing his
own share of propulsion. For this purpose I mount an ordinary wheel upon a
suitable frame or backbone having a socket or eye at the front end which is
intended to swivel upon the upright shaft or pillar which carries the seat of the
ordinary tricycle or "sociable" or on a stud or pin provided for the purpose in
such a manner that the machine attached will trail as a castor wheel, a transverse
joint being also provided to enable the trailing machine to rise and fall with
inequalities in the road. The wheel of this trailing machine may be of such sizo
and mounted in such manner as to be driven by direct crank action or otherwise
as a bicycle or it may be a small wheel driven by chain or crank or by toothed
gearing and multiplying gear.
My invention also relates to a novel form of differential gearing. For this
purpose instead of using as heretofore bevelled wheels and pinion I use a pair
of discs with teeth upon their inside surfaces and within the chain wheel I mount
in such a manner as to be capable of engaging in the teeth of the two discs one
or more double pawls the outer ends of which in their normal position enter the
teeth of both discs and when the chain wheel is caused to move forwards or
backwards the pawl carries both discs with it but if either disc is caused to take
an independent action the pawl is released and so allows one wheel to revolve
in a different direction or at a different speed to the other.
And in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more
fully to describe the same.

page_text: The drawings represent a tricycle provided with gearing for driving both wheels
when running in a straight course but which gearing enables one wheel to revolve
in a different direction or at a different speed to the other.
a. a*. are the driving wheels the former of which is fixed on the shaft or axis a¹
and the latter on the sleeve or hollow axis a². bis the framing of the machine,
c is the front or steering wheel which is guided in the ordinary manner as shown
or by other suitable means. d is the crank shaft on which is fixed a chain,
wheel d which may communicate motion to the driving wheels a. a*. in the
ordinary or other convenient manner but which in the drawings is represented
to communicate motion to the driving wheels a. a*. by the arrangement of
differential gearing hereinafter described and forming the subject of the second
part of my present Invention. e is the seat which is carried by a spring or springs
fixed at the upper end of an upright shaft or pillar e¹ capable of adjustment in the
framing in the ordinary manner as shown. f is a frame in which is mounted a
driving wheel g and which frame is provided with a seat h. This framing f is
according to my Invention connected to the tricycle in such manner that the
driving wheel g will trail behind the tricycle as a castor wheel. According to the
arrangement represented at Figures 1 to 4 I mount in suitable bearings formed at
the upper front end of the frame f a vertical shaft or axis f¹ upon which the
frame is capable of swivelling thereby enabling the driving wheel g to run in
any course in which the tricycle is driven. This vertical shaft or axis f¹ is
provided with an arm or projection f jointed at its forward end by a horizontal
hinge or pin joint f³ to a socket or eye f* fixed on the upright shaft or pillar e'
thereby enabling the driving wheel g to rise and fall with inequalities in the road.
The frame fis also provided with handles f5 by which the rider can steady himself
and if required increase his pressure on the treadles i which latter as represented
at Figures 1 and 2 are fixed on the axis of a chain wheel ; which by a chain k
communicates motion to a chain wheel fixed on the axis of the driving wheel g.
The chain wheels ; and are represented in the drawings of different diameters
in order to give the desired speed to the driving wheel g but by making the
driving wheel g of larger diameter such chain wheels may be made of equal size
or they may be dispensed with in which latter case the driving wheel g may be
driven direct by means of cranks fixed on the axis thereof as in an ordinary
bicycle or it may be driven in other well known and convenient manner and in
lieu of the framing f an ordinary back bone or other form of framing may be
employed whilst this part of my Invention is also applicable to other forms of front
steering velocipedes.
At Figures 5 and 6 the arm or projection f2 is shown connected to a fork fo the
arms of which are hinged or pin jointed to arms ffixed to the horizontal bar b*
of the framing bor the fork fo may be mounted directly on such horizontal bar b*
with capability of swivelling thereon.
The chain wheel d' by a chain m communicates motion to the chain wheel n
which latter by means of one or more double pawls o mounted on an arm or arms
of such chain wheel n gives motion to a pair of discs a³ a fixed respectively to
the axis a¹ and to the axis a² and such double pawls o are mounted in such a
manner (as shown) as to be capable of engaging in the teeth of the two discs
a³ a and in their normal position these double pawls o enter the teeth of both
discs a a' and when the chain wheel d¹ is caused to inove forwards or backwards
the pawls o carry both discs with them but if the tricycle is steered in a curved
direction then one of the discs a³ a will be caused to take an independent action
and the pawl o engaging therewith becomes released or slips out of the teeth
thereof thereby allowing one wheel a or a* to revolve in a different direction or
at a different speed to the other. I would here remark that since filing my
Provisional Specification I have discovered that the other features of invention
therein described do not possess such an amount of novelty and utility as to render
it advisable to lay claim thereto and for this reason I desire to disclaim and I do
hereby disclaim such arrangements.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode in
which I carry the same into effect I would have it understood that what I
claim is-
First. Providing a tricycle or other front steering velocipede with an extra seat
and driving wheel caused to trail after the same substantially as hèrein shown and
described and
Second. The new or improved differential driving gear for velocipedes sub-
stantially as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof I the said John Harrington have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Twenty eighth day of June in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
TAUN ADDINGTON
ATTNT ADDINGTON (IS)
JOHN