A TELEPHONIC REPEATER
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Moseley, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th November 1881.
CHARLES MOSELEY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Telegraph Engineer. "A TELEPHONIC REPEATER."
33
This Invention has for its object the repetition in an open or earth return circuit
of the undulatory electric or telephonic current of a closed or metallic circuit, or the
reverse, that is to say, the repetition in a closed circuit of the similar current in
an open circuit in such a manner that the advantages of the closed circuit may be
maintained.
In carrying out this Invention I employ one or more induction coils. If one
coil only is used I connect the two ends of the metallic line with the two ends of
one of the helices of the coil, so that the helix forms part of the closed circuit, the
ends of the other helix being connected respectively to earth and to a single line
wire. If more than one induction coil are used they may be joined up and con-
nected with the two circuits and with earth; thus, in the case of two coils, the
connections may be as follow:-From one wire of the metallic circuit to the
primary of the first coil, thence to the secondary of the second coil, and from thence
to the other wire of the metallic circuit; also from the line wire of the single
wire circuit to the primary of the second coil, thence to the secondary of the first
coil, and from thence to earth.
In this manner the electrical condition of one circuit is induced in the other
circuit, and the undulatory electric or telephonic current set up or existing in one
circuit is therefore repeated in the other circuit.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Moseley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th May
1882.
CHARLES MOSELEY, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Telegraphic Engineer. "A TELEPHONIC REPEATER."
This Invention has for its object the repetition in an open or earth return circuit
of the undulatory electric or telephonic current of a closed or metallic circuit, or
the reverse, that is to say, the repetition in a closed circuit of the similar current in
an open circuit in such manner that the advantage of the closed circuit may be
maintained.
In carrying out this Invention I employ one or more induction coils. If one
coil only is used I connect the two ends of the metallic line with the two ends of
one of the helices of the coil so that the helix forms part of the closed circuit, the
ends of the other helix being connected respectively to earth and to a single line
wire. If more than one induction coil are used they must be joined up and con-
nected with the two circuits and with earth; thus, in the case of two coils, the
connections may be as follow:-From one wire of the metallic circuit to the primary
of the first coil, thence to the secondary of the second coil, and from thence to the
other wire of the metallic circuit; also from the line wire of the single wire circuit
to the primary of the second coil, thence to the secondary of the first coil, and
from thence to earth.
I prefer to employ a single coil in which the layers of wire forming the two
helical circuits are so wound that the circuits shall approximately be in alternate
layers. I prefer also to employ alternately thick and thin silk covered copper
wire. In order to make the inethod of winding the core more easily understood, I
will describe the method employed by me in winding a coil for use with a line of
moderate length. The bobbin or reel on which the coil is wound has a length of
about three and a half inches between the flanges, and a hole through the centro
about three quarters of an inch in diameter, in which is inserted a core of soft iron
or soft iron wires. I wind upon the bobbin-
First. One or more layers of thin wire and bring out the ends through the
Banges.
Second. One layer of thick wire and bring out the ends.
Third. One layer of thick wire and bring out the ends.
Fourth and Fifth. Two or more layers of thin wire and bring out both ends
through the same flange.
Sixth. One layer of thick wire and bring out the ends.
Seventh. One layer of thick wire and bring out the ends.
Eighth. One or more layers of thin wire and bring out the ends.
The bobbin being rotated in the same direction in winding all the layers, the
first layer is commenced, say, on the right hand side, and terminates on the left
hand side, where it is connected with the beginning of the third layer. The
second layer commences also on the right hand side, and is connected on the
opposite side with commencement of the fourth layer. The third layer commences
on the left hand side, where it is connected with the end of the first layer. The
fourth layer commences on the left hand side, where it is connected to the end of
the second layer. Tho fifth layer is formed by a continuation of the wire of the

page_text: fourth layer, and begins therefore on the right side and terminates on the left,
where it is connected with the commencement of the seventh layer. The sixth
layer commences on the right hand side, where it is connected with the end of the
third layer. The seventh layer commences on the left side, where it is connected
to the end of the fifth layer. The eighth layer commences on the left side, where
it is connected to the end of the sixth layer; the free ends of the first and eighth
layers are then the ends of one circuit, and the free ends of the second and seventh
layers are the ends of the other circuit.
Instead of commencing with a layer of thin wire the order may be reversed, and
the first, fourth, fifth, and eighth layers may be thick wire, and the second, third,
sixth, and seventh layers may be thin wire. It is not necessary that what I have
for the sake of distinction called layers should consist of a single layer, as when
the lines with which the repeater has to be employed have a high resistance, each
"layer" may consist of any required number of layers of wire. In practise I
prefer to use thick and thin wire, as herein before described, the thick wire having
a diameter of 65. thousandths of an inch (or 16 B W G), and the thin wire a
diameter of about four thousandths of an inch (or 40 B W G).
The object of winding the different layers, substantially as described, is to securo
that each circuit shall consist of a number of layers, the averago distance from the
core of the layers in one circuit being equal to the average distance of the layers
in the other circuit. This end may be attained by using other number of layers
than eight; thus, if four layers are used, the first and fourth should be in one
circuit, and the second and third in the other circuit; if twelve layers are used,
the first, third, sixth, eighth, tenth, and eleventh layers may be in one circuit, and
the second, fourth, fifth, seventh, ninth, and twelfth layers may be in the other
circuit. In all cases the sum of the numerical order of the layers in one circuit
should equal the sum of the numerical order of the layers in the other circuit;
thus in the case of the eight layers described, one circuit = 1 + 3 + 0 + 8 = 18,
and the other circuit 2 + 4+ 5+ 7 = 18 also. The sums of the numerical
orders of the thick or thin wire in one circuit should also equal the sums of tho
numerical order of the thick or thin wire in the other circuit; thus taking the
same example 1+,8=9 and 4+ 5 = 9, also 2 + 7 = 9, and 3 + 6 = 0. If
two similar induction coils are used, as herein before described, the same conditions
are maintained because the two circuits have their layers at the same average
distance from the cores of the two coils.
In order that my Invention may be more readily understood I have hereto
appended a Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 shews a longitudinal section of one half of a coil wound with eight layers,
as hereinbefore described, the layers lettered A being in one circuit and the layers
lettered B being in the other circuit. The layers marked C may be of one kind
or thickness of wire, and the layers marked D may be of the other kind. In order
that the repeater may be bridged across or cut out for direct signalling various
methods may be employed. In the Drawing, Fig. 2 represents a peg switch with
four brass blocks A, B, C, and D. The blocks A and B are connected to the two
wires of the metallic loop. C is connected to the open circuit, and D to the
repeater, which is shewn at E. When it is desired to cut the repeater out of
circuit and to connect the open circuit with the metallic circuit or loop for
signalling, the peg is inserted in the hole marked 1, thus joining the blocks C
and D. When on the contrary it is desired to put the repeater in use the peg of
the switch is inserted in the hole marked 2. One circuit of the repeater E is
joined to the terminals marked L', L", while the other circuit is joined to the
terminals marked L, E. Instead of a peg switch, as described, any other equivalent
arrangement may be employed.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the
exact details given, but what I do claim is a telephonic repeater consisting of one

page_text: or more induction coils, so wound or arranged that each of the two circuits shall
have an equal average distance from the core or cores.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Moseley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
CHARLES MUSELEY. (LS)