Machinery for Making Organzine or Silk Warp in which the Single Threads are Twisted, Doubled, and Re-twisted by a Continuous Operation.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1887
Complete Left, 14th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th Apr., 1888
Machinery for Making Organzine or Silk Warp in which the
Single Threads are Twisted, Doubled, and Re-twisted by a
Continuous Operation.
I, JOSEPH E. TYNAN, of No. 304, Ellison Street, Paterson, in the State of New
Jersey, United States of America, Machinist do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
In my improvements there are two spindles revolving in the same direction from
which the single threads are drawn off and twisted, and one spindle revolving in the
opposite direction upon which the double thread is wound, and these spindles are
grouped together and occupy triangular positions and are driven by one belt. The
spindle upon which the doubled and twisted thread is wound is at the rear of the two
spindles from which the single threads are drawn off, and the ring rail surrounds only
the spindle upon which the doubled and twisted thread is wound.
By arranging the spindles in a triangular position each pulley has a large driving
surface for the band or belt, and as each pulley has about the same extent of driving
surface cach spindle receives its proper number of revolutions and an even twist is
given to the threads.
The threads as they pass up, twist around tension wires and then pass through hooks
upon "fuller" wires and they are brought together at a guide and doubled, and then
pass over a guide upon a bracket and over a guide upon a traverse bar; thence
around the feed roller and down through a fixed eye to the traveller on the ring rail.
The traverse bar is reciprocated laterally so as to give a lateral motion to the
thread. at the fixed eye, and thereby prevent said eye being worn at one point
and cutting the thread.
A driving roller gives motion to the feed roller and in this driving roller there
are recesses that act against projections on the "fallers" to move the latter if a
thread breaks, but the "fallers" may be operated by cams on a shaft separate from the
driving roller shaft.
The "fallers" are pivotted upon a head and this head is connected by a link to an
arm, carrying a tightener pulley for the band or belt that drives the spindles.

page_text: The driving roller in acting upon a "faller " causes the head to move off its support
and fall, and in so doing the feed roller is lifted by a lever from contact with the
driving roller, the arm carrying the tightener pulley drops and the belt is loosened
and held by a brake and the revolution of the spindles is stopped instantly by the
friction of the stationary belt against the pulloys.
;
There is a detector pivotted to the head, and adjacent to said detector is a tumbler
the thread as it passes from the feed roller to the fixed guide eye presses against this
tumbler and if the thread breaks or becomes slack, the tumbler swings and lifts the
forward end of the detector, and it is acted upon by the driving roller, and the head
is pushed off its support, and the spindles stopped as aforesaid. The wire end of the
detector may be bent down and the thread press against the same thereby dispensing
with the tumbler.
The link before referred to as connecting the head and arm, may hook at its lower
end to the brake and the latter be hooked to the said arm carrying the tightener
pulley, or said arm in its movement when the head drops may lift a plate and press
it against the under-surface of the spindle-pulleys, and stop them, or the said arm
may lift one of the pulleys and bring the belt in contact with a finger to stop the
revolution of the spindles.
A finger supported loosely upon the oil tube of the spindle is employed to limit the
upward motion of each spindle, and this finger is the one-spoken of that may be used
as a brake.
The shaft of the feed roller is supported in jaws upon brackets so that said shaft
may be tipped by a lever before referred to, and said lever is used to start the feed
roller and spindles after the thread has been repaired, and said lover is so located that
it can be acted upon by one hand simultaneously with the fallers" so that the other
hand is free. to, guide the threads, as they are drawn up to place as the twisting and
winding are resumed.
Dated this 14th dowe of Tune 1007

page_text: 4
Machinery: for Making Organzine or" Silk Wārpin which the"
Single Threads are Twisted, Doubled, and Re-twisted by a..
Continuous Operation:.,
I, JOSEPH E TYNAN; of No. 304 Ellison Street, Paterson; in the State of New Jersey,,
United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of 'this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described. and.
ascertained in and by the following statement:-.
In my improvements there are two spindles for the spools from which the single
threads are drawn off and twisted, and one spindle running innthe opposite direction".
upon which the double thread is wound; and these spindles are grouped together and
occupy triangular positions: and are driven by ononbelt. Similar groups of spindles
are placed along each side of the machine and the shaft for. driving them is in the..
middle and contains preferably separate pulleys, one pulley for each: pair rof. belts.
By arranging the spindles in antriangular position, each pulley has a large driving!
surface for the band or belt, and as each pulley has about the same extent of driving
surface, each spindle. receives its proper number of revolutions tand. an even twist is
given to the threads..
Tho threads as they pass up twist around hanging tension: wires, and through hooks
upon faller wires, and they are brought together and pass over guides and around ar
feed roller, and there is a driving, roller that gives motion to the feed roller, and in this
driving, roller: are recesses that act against projections on the fallers, to move the same
if a thread breaks. The fallers are pivotted upon 1an head,tand: from this head is
suspended an arm that carries.aitightener pulley for the belt; the driving roller acting
on the faller causes the head to move off its support and fall; and in so doing the feed.:
roller is lifted by a lever from contact with the driving roller, the belt is loosened and
held by a brake and the revolution of the spindles is stopped instantly by the friction
of the stationary belt against the pulleys, or theubrake may be applied.to the pulleys
themselves...
The head is lifted by atlever before referred to; to start the feed roller and spindles.+
after the thread has been repaired, and this lever is located, where it can be acted upon.
by one hand simultaneously with the fallers, so that the other hand is free to guide
the threads as they are drawn up to place as the twisting and winding are resumed.
In the drawings Figure 1.is avertical. section:shewing the general features of my"
invention with the feedinguand, twisting mechanism at the right hand side of the..
machine stopped. and that at the left in operation.. Figure 2 is a plan.: view.. with
the spindle pulleys in section... Figures3 is an elevation of the feeding devices, the
fallers, therring traveller, and as portionnofthe. ring rail Figure Aris a plan view
below the driving.roller, shewing the fallers detectori and threadiguides. Figure 5
is a plan view of the driving roller, feed roller, the brackets for supporting the shafter

page_text: of the feed roller, the lever that lifts the feed roller, and a portion of the rail that
supports the brackets. Figure 6 is a plan view showing a modification of the brake
mechanism.
The framework of this machine is composed of metal frames A connected together
by the spindle rails B, and longitudinal rails or frames C, as usual in this class of
machinery.
The main shaft 1 is supported in bearings upon the frames A and upon this shaft is
a cylinder or drum that is of sufficient length to receive all the belts in the machine,
but I prefer and have shewn a separate drum 2, one to each pair of belts.
Upon the spindle rail are the spindles 3, 4, 5 adapted to receive the spools 6, 7, 8.
The spools 6 and 7 supply the threads that are twisted together and wound upon the
spool 8 and there is a ring rail 9 with holes through the same for the spindles 5 and
spools 8 and this ring rail is raised and lowered in any usual manner, and upon this ring
rail is a ring and traveller for the threads passing to each spool 8. a" are fingers supported
loosely upon the vertical portions of the oil tubes a¹, each finger projects over the
flange upon the spindle pulley, and limits the upward movement of the spindle and
pulley, and prevents the spindle being drawn out of its bolster when removing a tight
fitting spool from said spindle.
Each finger has a hole to fit loosely on the oil tube a¹ and this hole has one or more
straight sides as shewn corresponding to the seat on the tube for said finger to prevent
the finger turning upon the oil tube. The finger however cannot be lifted off the oil
tube by the flange of the pulley striking said finger because the inclination of the
finger when its end is slightly raised by the pulley causes the metal at the edge of
the hole in the finger to firmly inpinge upon the side of the oil tube and prevent the
finger being lifted off the tube.
The threads from the spools 6 and 7 pass up and over the guides 10 and a and
roller 11 and thence to the ring traveller 9.
The driving roller 13 is upon a shaft 14 and this shaft receives its motion from the
main shaft by a train of gearing consisting of the pinion 15 on the shaft 1, gear wheel 16,
pinion 17 and gears 18 and 19, the latter boing on the shaft 14. In order to vary
the speed of the driving roller 13 in relation to the speed of the spindles 3, 4, 5 I
make the pinion 17 changeable by placing the stud or gudgeon 22 upon which the
pinion 17 and gear 16 revolve in a slot in the cross frame 23 such slot being the arc
of a circle from the main shaft 1 so that the gear 16 and pinion 15 may remain
in their proper relative positions whether the pinion 17 is large or small. This is
of importance in silk throwing machinery because it allows for the proper extent of
twist being introduced into the organzine or warp.
It will be seen that in order to revolve the driving roller shaft 14 in the proper
direction at the opposite side of the machine, a pinion 24 is introduced between
the gears 18 and 19 at that side of the machine.
In connection with my improvements it is necesssary to revolve the spindles 3,
4, 5 in the proper directions and at the proper relative speed, the spindles 3 and 4
being revolved in the same direction to twist the separate threads and the
spindle 5 in the reverse direction to lay the two threads together. The pulley on
the spindle 5 should be larger than the pulleys on the spindles 3 and 4 as it does
not liave to revolve as rapidly as those spindles which twist the single threads,
and it is further necessary to stop the revolution of one group of spindles when
either thread in that group may break.
Each belt 30 passes around the driving pulley 2 and around the pulleys 84, 85,
and 83, and over the guido and tightener pulley 32 upon the arm 33, that is
pivotted at 34 but on one side of the pulley 2, one belt passes direct to the pulley 84
and returns from 83 over the tightener 32 and down beneath the pulley 2.
The other belt passes up over 32 to 84 thence to 85 and around 83 and returns
straight to the top of the pulley 2 as shewn by the arrows.
By arranging the spindles 3, 4 and 5 in the triangular position shewn in the
drawings, the driving belt is in contact with about 180° of each pulley; thus
each pulley has abundance of driving surface in contact with the belt, and evenness

page_text: of twist is ensured. The spindle and its ring and traveller being at the rear of
the spindles and 4, the group of spindles takes up no more room lengthwise of
the machine than would the spindles 3 and 4 alone; and as the ring rail is out
of the way of the spools 6 and 7 a very compact and convenient arrangement is thus
obtained.
A brake is hooked to the arm 33 and said brake is connected by a wire link 50
with the head E so that when a thread breaks and the head E drops as hereafter
described, the belt is slackened and the brake b³ presses the belt 30 upon the plate 64
to stop the belt, and the belt is kept sufficiently taut on the spindle pulleys by
the contact with the pulley 2 to cause the spindles to be instantly stopped.
In Figure 6 I have shown modifications of the device for stopping the spindles
when the spindles occupy the triangular position before described, and are driven by
one belt.
In this figure the pivotted arm 33 has a finger 02 at its outer end that is
under the plate O¹, which plate is confined loosely between the three spindles supports,
and under the spindle pulleys; when the arm 33 falls the finger O' rises and presses
the plate against the under surface of the spindle pulleys and arrests the motion of
the spindles. O is a fork to keep the driving belt in place when slackened.
The portion of the lever 33 that carries the fork O may be extended as shown by
dotted lines and pass under the pulley 84, so as to lift said pulley when the arm 33
falls and clamps the driving belt between its pulley and the finger a", and stop the
rotation of the spindles. In this latter case the finger a" must project over the
driving belt as shewn by dotted lines in Figure 6 and the plate O¹ and finger O2 are
dispensed with.
The head piece E hangs from the starting lever 80 pivotted upon the bracket 55
and there is a guide jaw 70 on the frame C, for the base of the hoad piece which jaw
guides the movement of the bead piece when the stop motion is brought into action,
but when the parts are in their position for work, the off-set 71 upon the bottom of
this head piece rests upon the step 76 of the jaw 70 and it drops when it is pushed
off this step by the action of the faller and driving roller when a thread breaks, as
next described.
In the driving roller I make recesses 74 and 75 that act with the fallers, instead of
using pins or projections as generally employed in machines of this class, so that there
is nothing to catch in the threads.
There is a cross piece near the bottom of the head E receiving the pivots of the
fallers 60 and 61, and of the detector 64 and there are projections at the ends of these
fallers adjacent to the roller 13.
The fallers 60 and 61 have wire hooks projecting from their ends and the threads
from the spools 6 and 7 pass up through the books on these fallers, and then under
and upwards through the guide all where the threads are doubled, then up over the
guide 10 which prevents the thread from touching the feed roller, then to the guido aª
and around the feed roller 11, and down to the eye 82, thence to the traveller on
the ring rail 9, to the spool 8, but previous to reaching the eye 82, the thread passes
against a finger 42 on the tumbler 43, that is pivotted upon_arms 4 extending out
from the rail C, and the forward end of the tumbler has a T piece beneath the wire
end of the detector.
The guide a", being between the fallers, and about on a level with them, the threads
are made to form such an angle by passing over the fallers, and under and upwards
through the guide a", as to offer a sufficient resistance to the fallers by acting in
connection with tension wires 66 to hold the said fallers down.
The forward end of the detector is slightly the heaviest, but if the thread as it
passes from the feed roller 11, to the eye 82, breaks or becomes slack, the tumbler 43,
Swings and lifts up the forward end of the detector and it passes into one of the
recesses 74 in the driving roiler and this roller revolving in the direction of the
arrow pushes the detector back, and moves the head E, off the step 76; this allows
the link 50, and brake to descend, and at the same time permits the arm 33 and its
pulley to drop which slackens the belt simultaneously with applying the brake to the
said belt, thereby stopping the revolution of the pulleys, spindles and feed roller as

page_text: aforesaid. And the-same thing takes place- if either thread from theuspool 6 or 7
breaks, because the fallers aro held down at their outer ends by the threads and swing
upwardly by the back end being heaviest and the forward end enters one of the recesses
in the driving roller 13 to push back the head Erandustop the parts. Although it is
preferable to employ recesses in the driving roller to act with the fallers as before
described, still in some cases it may be desirable to employ a separate shaft having
cams thereon to actuate the fallers.
The wire end of the detector may be bent down and made to act upon the thread
without the intervention of the tumbler, but I prefer to use the detector. and tumblor as
shewn.
a20 is a traverse bar which is reciprocated longitudinally by any suitable means
preferably by an eccentric a actuated by a worm a30 on the shaft 14 acting upon a
pinion on the shaft a carrying the eccentric; see dotted lines Figure 1.
This traverse bar carries the guides a" and the motion given to the bar is imparted
to the double thread passing over each guide a; and enough of this motion is
conveyed to the thread at the eye 82 to prevent said eye being worn at one place
and injuring the thread.
To lessen the friction of the thread..upon the eye 82, said eye is straight at the
place where the thread. moves back and forth; and the driving roller 13 is grooved
at its central portion to allow the thread to pass in a more direct line from the.
feed roller 11 to said eye 82::.
The feed roller 11 'can be lifted out of the jaws to wind the thread around the
same; the attendant after joining up any broken thread holds down. the fallers
and detector with the fingers of the left hand, draws up the slack thread with the other
band; and with the thumb of the left hand presses down the end of the starting lever 80
allowing the feed roller to come in contact with the driving roller and lifting the
head E and the arm 33 and its roller 32 to tighten the band and the bottom of the
head swings over, and upon its step 76 and the feeding and winding operations are
resumed and the attendant guides the thread to the doubling guide a as the slack is:
taken up. The doubling guide is proferably open at its outer end in order that the
threads may easily be placed therein.
The shaft 56 of the feed roller 11, is in jaws in the brackets 55 and one of these
jaws (a) is adjustable and closed at its lower end; when the bead E falls, and. tips
the starting lever 80, the forward part of said lever 80 raises one end of the shaft 56 ;
the other end of said shaft 56 remains in said closed jaw.a and the feed roller is held
clear of the driving roller.
The tension wires 66 hang down and are in line with the axes of the spindles 3, 4,
and the threads wrap around these tension wires by the revolution of the spools, and
receive sufficient tension from them to hold down. the front ends of the fallers.
Upwardly projecting tension wires may be used, but in such cases the threads must.
be wrapped around by hand. I prefer the form shewn, as the threads wrapping
around the wires by the revolution of the spools makes it more convenient for the
attendant.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination with a driving drum or pulley and guide pulley, of two spindles
for spools from which threads are drawn off and twisted, and a third spindle for the
spool on which the thread is wound, occupying a triangular position to the other two,
and one belt passing around the driving drum and guide pulley, around the pulleys of ra
the two spindles from the spools of which the thread is drawn, and in the reverse
direction around the pulley of the winding spindle, the belt being led as described, so
as to pass nearly half around each spindle pulley, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with the driving drum of the two groups of spindles, one
group at each side of the machine, with two spindles for the spools from which the
threads are drawn, and a third.spindle for. the winding spool in each group, two belts.

page_text: around the drum or pulley passing off in opposite directions and around the pulleys
of the spindles in the respective groups in the manner specified, and two guide pulleys,
one of which receives and guides one belt where it passes to the driving drum and
the other of which guides the other belt where it passes away from the driving drum,
substantially as set forth.
3. In a machine for throwing silk, groups of spindles, each group being composed
of three spindles, arranged triangularly substantially as shewn, and a traverse or
ring rail that surrounds only one of the spindles of each group, in combination with
an endless belt passing around all three spindless of each group to give motion to two
of the spindles in one direction and to the third spindle in the opposito direction, and
a drum or pulley for driving the said endless belt substantially as set forth.
4. The combination with the head E, the lever 80, pivotted on the bracket 55, the
feed roller 11 and its shaft 56, of the brackets 55 with jaws to receive the feed roller
shaft, one of which is closed to sustain one end of said shaft, when the other end of
said shaft is raised, by the lever 80 substantially as and for the purposes specified.
5. The driving roller 13, having recesses in the face thereof, in combination with a
stop mechanism having a faller that rests against the thread, and moves when the
thread breaks and enters one of the recesses and comes into contact with and is moved
by the roller, substantially as set forth.
6. The roller 13 having recesses, in combination with the fallers 60, 61, detector 64,
head E, and supports for the same the lever 80, and the feed roller 11 and its shaft 56
substantially as set forth.
7. The combination with the spindles 3, 4, and means for revolving the same in one
direction, the tension wires 66, the fallers 60, 61, the guide a" under and upwards
through which the threads pass, the feed mechanism, the detector 64, and the spindle 5,
revolved in the opposite direction to spindles 3, 4, of the head E, a brake operated
by the head E, and means for acting on the fallers or detector to move said head E
when a thread breaks or becomes slack, substantially as specified.
8. The combination with the driving roller, feed roller, and the guide all, of the
tension wires 66, the fallers 60, 61, the detector 64, the eye 82 and the head E that
supports the fallers substantially as set forth.
9. The combination with the driving roller, feed roller and the guide a", of the
tension wires 66, the fallers 60, 61, the detector 64, tumbler 43 the eye 82 the head E
and support for the same substantially as set forth.
10. The combination with wires to give tension to the single threads, as they are
drawn off the spools 6 and 7, and fallors to bear against the threads, of the guide a"
the outer end of which is open and under and between the two parts of which the
threads pass, and a feed and driving roller, substantially as set forth.
11. The combination with the downwardly projecting tension wires 66, around
which the threads are wrapped by the revolution of the spools, and the spindles 3, and 4,
of the stop mechanism having the fallers 60, 61, a guide a", at which the two single
threads are brought together, and a feed roller, with means for revolving the
substantially as set forth.
same,
12. The fallers 60, 61, and the detector 64, adjacent to each other so as to be
simultaneously moved by one hand and the starting lever 80 that can be operated
by the thumb of the same hand, in combination with the feed roller 11 and the spindles
for the bobbins substantially as set forth.
13. The combination with the feed roller the driving roller, and the group of three
spindles, of two fallers for the two threads, and a detector for the double thread, and
mechanism substantially as specified for stopping the three bobbins and feed roller
and means for acting on either faller or detector to actuate the stop mechanism
substantially as set forth.
14. The combination with the group of spindles, and one belt for driving two
spindles in one direction and the other in the reverse direction, of a tightener pulley
for the belt, an arm for supporting said pulley, that drops and allows the belt to
become slack when a thread breaks, and a brake to stop the pulleys and their spindles
substantially as set forth.

page_text: 15. The combination with the driving roller, feed roller and fallers, of the traverse
bar a means for reciprocating the same, the guide a upon said bar and an eye 82
through which the thread passes and in which eye the thread has a lateral motion,
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
16. The combination with the spindle support, its spindle and pulley, of the oil
tube a¹ and the finger supported loosely upon said oil tube substantially as and for
the purposes specified.