Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Dec., 1887
Specification Accepted, 20th Jan., 1888
RESERVE
JAMES NOBLE of Grosvener Terrace Linthorpe Road Middlesbro Manager of Steel
Works and BENJAMIN HOWARTH THWAITE of 37 Victoria Street Liverpool Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our Invention relates to improvements in ingot and crucible heating arrangements
whereby a considerable reduction in waste from oxidation, and a considerable economy
of fuel is effected in the maintenance of the necessary and residual heat from the
casting operation, for the manipulation or mechanical treatment of the metal required
to convert it, into rails angle iron, plates or other sections for the market.
We construct the heating chambers above or below ground as circumstances appear
best desirable, and we place the line of ingot heating chambers parallel to the
furnaces.
In one arrangement of our Invention, we provide each ingot or crucible cavity or
chamber, with its own gas supply flue, connected at right angles in plan, to main dis-
tributing gas supply flue. Each tributary main, to ingot or crucible cavity or chamber,
having its own gas regulating valve, the tributary gas flues are so proportioned in
respect to dimensions, and the supply of gaseous fuel in respect to volume is so
regulated, that there shall be sufficient gaseous fuel in excess of that required for
heating ingot, as to maintain the character of combustion around the ingot as a
deoxidising one this excess of gaseous fuel after passing through heated chambers,
we provide with additional supply of air, to complete combustion at a point between
the ingot chamber or cavity and chimney flue, the heat produced by this secondary
combustion along with the sensible heat of the products of first combustion, is utilized
or recovered in heating the ingots by the employment of a series of recuperative
tubes built across the chimney flue.
Through these tubes the supply of air for the support of combustion is constantly
passing, and by this means the waste heat or sensible heat of the gases resulting from
the first and secondary combustion is recovered and utilized. We may use an
alternative system of recuperation instead of the continuous system described when
higher temperatures are required.

page_text: We provide regulating valves for the supply of air to recuperators, and also for
regulating the supply of air for the secondary combustion, and if required, to
regulate the supply of air for the first combustion as well, but we usually proportion
the orifice in air flue connection, as to render an additional valve unnecessary.
We provide for each ingot cavity or chamber a brick lined arch sectional cover with
flanges resting on a sand filled recess, (constructed of brickwork,) so as to preclude
the possibility of the ingress of air to ingot chamber.
We provide as many ingot cavities or chambers as is necessary for the number of
ingots or crucibles. We modify the combustion arrangements for heating crucibles
and in the following respects providing greater cubical combustion chamber capacity
around ingots, and an increased superficial heating area for recuperation or heat
restoration.
We provide a train of live rolls, either parallel to the ingot chambers, or in con-
tinuity thereof, and by which the ingots can be rapidly fed to the rolling mills.
Before proceeding to describe the drawings which are intended to accompany, and
form part of this specification, we wish it to be distinctly understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the exact details herein shewn as they may be considerably
modified without departing from the nature of our said Invention.
Reference numerals wherever repeated refer to the same or similar respective
parts.
Referring to sheet 1 of drawings, Figure 1 in sheet 1 of drawings represents a
cross section through an ingot heating chamber furnace arrangement, constructed
according to our Invention, and on line A B of Figure 2, which is a general plan in
section, on line C D of Figure 1.
A. is the gaseous fuel distributing flue, B the tributary gaseous fuel distributing
flue, leading to ingot heating chamber, and provided with the regulating valve C.
The air for the supply of gas combustion chamber D enters from recuperators by
means of the flue E, and may be regulated by valves fixed at F and G, but we usually
rely on the air flow regulating valve H leading to recuperator.
An igniting and cleaning out cavity, I, is provided, having a hand cover and easily
removable plate J.
The combustion commences at K, and proceeds outward to ingot cavity L, the
supply of air being of such a degree as to preclude the possibility of the combustion
being of an oxidising nature, but on the contrary always a deoxidising flame or nature
of combustion.
The flame envelopes the ingot or crucible chamber, which is covered by a special
form of cover M. resting in a sand filled recess, N. The cover plate is lined with
bricks, of a ridgidly arch segmental form.
The deoxidising flame after leaving the ingot chamber flows along flue O, where
at P. it is met with an additional supply of air to complete the action of
combustion.
The products of combustion flow into main chimney flue S, where they envelope
or pass around the recuperator tubes T, through which the air flows from
cavity U and through flue V, to support first and secondary combustion of the
gaseous fuel.
The air supply is regulatable by means of the outlet cylindrical hit and miss
ventilators H. The chimney draught is regulated by a duplex arrangement of fire-
brick lift dampers X. At W, we shew arrangement applied to crucible heating.
Referring to sheet 2 of drawings, Figure 3 shews a general plan of our invention
applied in conjunction with four Thwaite-Noble open hearth steel furnaces-No. 16497,
A.D. 1887, and placed between them :-
1. is the steel furnaces.
2. the ingot heating chambers.
4. the gas regulating valves.

page_text: deposited on live rolls 7, placed parallel therewith or in continuity thereof, and sent
direct to Cogging Mill.
We prefer to lift the ingots from their moulds as soon as the latter are sufficiently
cool to allow them to be stripped, and deposit them direct into the heating chambers.
For the production of gaseous fuel required for our Invention we prefer to use
Thwaite or Noble gas producers-No. 15621 A.D. 1886.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same may be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1st. The method of heating ingots by means of a deoxidising nature of combustion,
the completion of said combustion, or the complete oxidation of excess of gaseous
fuel from first combustion, by a secondary supply of air, and secondary combustion;
and the restoration or recovery of the sensible heat of the products of combustion,
for the specific purpose and in the manner substantially as herein shewn and
described.
2nd. The general arrangement for ingot heating in combination with open hearth
steel melting furnaces substantially as herein shewn and described.
3rd. The application of the arrangement for heating crucibles substantially as herein
shewn and described.
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