A Machine for the Preparation of Brewers' Finings and the Combination of Gelatinous and Saccharine Substances
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 20th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 4th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
A Machine for the Preparation of Brewers' Finings and the
Combination of Gelatinous and Saccharine Substances:
BUCKLEY BROOKS, 8, Exchange Street, Cheetham, Manchester, Brewery
Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is the manufacture of brewer's. finings, & the com-
bination of gelatinous & saccharine substances, either together or with material of
a similar nature, or with liquids, so that a larger or smaller amount may if desired,
be introduced' into the ingredients treated.
The machine consists of a series of graduated sieves made of perforated copper
of a semi-cylindrical shape, with narrow parallel wooden sides & solid wooden
ends, through which run the revolving shafts.
The above mentioned sieves are arranged' in tiers one above the other. The
bottom sieve (which we will call No. 1.) is made with narrow projecting, wooden
sides by which means the machine is supported' or fixed over a cask, or any
suitable receiver.
The inner edges of the sides and ends of No. 1 are rabitted: Above this is an
oblong box rabitted on the outer edges of the bottom sides and ends, which (being
of the same dimensions as No. 1) fits in the first mentioned rabitting thus forming
a water tight joint.
The top inner edges of the sides (only) of the above box are rabitted, to admit
the rabitting on the lower inner sides (only) of No. 2 sieve, which being made
shorter, but of the same width allows the ends of the sieve to fit inside & the sides
to fit in the rabitting of the above mentioned box.
Above this is fitted an oblong graduated hopper, with outward sloping sides and
end, the other end being perpendicular.
The whole when fitted together has the appearance of a tall narrow oblong box
with over-hanging top, & narrow oblong semi cylindrical bottom.
In each sieve a series of brushes (running parallel with the shafts) are fastened
by means of bolts sliding in slots, to arms (fixed' at right angles on the revolving
shafts) to press the substance to be treated through the perforations of the sieves.
The pressure of the brushes on the perforated surfaces can be regulated at will,
by means of slots in the arms above mentioned.
The shafts which carry the brushes are connected on the outer side of the casings
by means of graduated cog. wheels, according to the consistency of the materials to
be treated & the different relative speed each brush is desired to run at. The
machine may be actuated by either hand or power.
The materials to be compounded after being fed into the graduated hopper, pass
into the uppermost sieve from which they drop into the lower one & so on until
they ultimately reach the receiver or cask beneath in a combined or finished state.
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of August 1891.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Machine for the Preparation of Brewers' Finings and the
Combination of Gelatinous and Saccharine Substances.
I, BUCKLEY BROOKS of 8 Exchange Street, Cheetham, Manchester, Brewery
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and-by
the following statement :-
The object of my invention is the manufacture of brewers' finings and the com-
bination of gelatinous and saccharine. substances either together or with material
of a similar nature or with liquid so that a larger or sinaller amount of liquid
or other material may if desired be introduced into the ingredients treated.
The machine consists of a series of sieves of different degrees of fineness made of
perforated copper of a semi-cylindrical shape with narrow parallel wooden sides and
solid wooden ends through which run revolving shafts. The above mentioned sieves
are arranged in tiers one above the other. The bottom sieve, which I will for
convenience cull No. 1, is made with narrow projecting wooden sides by which
means the machine is supported or fixed over a cask or any suitable receiver into
which the finings produced by the operation of the machine may pass. The inner
edges of the sides and ends of sieve No. 1 are rabitted. Above this is an oblong
box rabitted on the lower outer edges of the sides and ends, which being of the
same dimensions as sieve No. 1 fits in the first mentioned rabitting thus forming a
water-tight joint. The top inner edges of the sides only of the above mentioned
box are rabitted to admit the rabitting on the lower inner sides only of the
sieve No. 2 which being made shorter but of the same width allows the ends of
the sieves to fit inside and the sides to fit in the rabitting of the above mentioned
box. Above this is fixed an oblong hopper, with outwardly sloping sides and end,
the other end being perpendicular. The whole wheu fitted together has the
appearance of a tall narrow oblong box with overhanging top and narrow oblong
semi-cylindrical bottom.
In each sieve a series of brushes running parallel with the shafts, are fastened
by means of bolts capable of sliding in slots, to arms, fixed at right angles on the
revolving shafts, to press the substance to be treated through the perforations of the
sieves. The pressure of the brushes on the perforated surfaces can be regulated at
will by means of slots in the arms above mentioned. The shafts which carry the
brushes are connected on the outer side of the casings by means of cog wheels of
proportions adapted to the consistency of the materials to be treated and the
different relative speeds at which the brushes are required to run. The machine
may be actuated either by hand or by power.
.
-
The materials to be compounded after being fed into the hopper above
mentioned-pass into the uppermost sieve from which they drop into the lower
one and so on until they ultimately reach the receiver or cask beneath in a
combined or finished state.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed according to my invention,
Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on the plane indicated by the line (A, A)
of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken on the plane indicated by the line (B, B)
of Fig. 2.
(a) is the lower sieve and (b) is the upper sieve. The lower sieve (a) is mounted
or secured to a framework (c) of wood which is rabitted or recessed around the
interior of its upper edge in order that an oblong box or frame (d) which is rabitted
or recessed around the exterior of its lower edges may be fitted or placed upon it.
upper sieve (b) is mounted in or secured to a frame (e) which is so made that
the semi-circular portions (e) to the outer edges of which the sieve (b) is secured
The

page_text: "
may pass between the ends of the box or frame (d). The longer sides of the box
or frame (d) are rabitted or recessed on their inner upper edges in order that the
sides of the frame (e) which are rabitted or recessed on their outer surfaces to.
correspond therewith may be inserted between such longer sides of the box or
frame (d). The longer sides of the frame (e) are rabitted or recessed on the inner
surfaces of their upper edges in order to receive the lower edges of the sides of a
hopper (which are rabitted or recessed or their outer surfaces in order to corre-
spond with the sides of the frame (e) the ends (f;³) of the hopper (f) are
arranged to be placed at the outer sides of the ends of the frame (e) and to rest on
the upper surfaces of the ends of the box or frame (d). In order that liquids or
substances poured into or placed in the hopper () or agitated in the sieve (b),
may not escape at or accumulate upon the upper surfaces of the ends (e) of the
frame (e), bars or fillets (g) are secured to the euds (f), f), of the hopper (f)
in such a manner that they will guide any liquid or substance falling upon them
into the interior of the sieve (6). The sides of the frame (c) are made of such
length that by resting upon the sides of the cask or receptacle into which the
finings
or other products resulting from the operation of the machine are
intended to pass they will support such machine and the sides of the frame (e)
are made to project at each end beyond the ends of the box or frame (d) in
order that the upper sieve (6) may when it is desirable be readily removed from
the box or frame (d), in order to allow access to the interior of the lower sieve (a).
In one of the ends of the frame (r) in which the lower siove (a) is mounted or
secured, is secured a bearing (h) in which is mounted one end of a shaft (i) which
at its other end passes through and is mounted in a bearing (¹), mounted in the
other end of the frame (c). Through the shaft (i) pass arms () which are secured
in position in the shaft (i) by means of rivets and are provided with slots (1)
through which pass bolts (4) by means of which brushes (1) extending in a direction
parallel to the length of the shaft (i) are secured to the arms (). By the bolts (k)
being adjusted into suitable positions in the slots (4) in which positions such
bolts (k) may be secured by means of the nuts screwed thereon the brushes ().
may be caused to bear more or less against the interior surface of the sieve (a)
when the shaft (i) is revolved. Upon the shaft (i) is mounted a toothed wheel (m)
which gears into or engages with a toothed wheel (n) mounted upon one end of a
shaft (o) which passes through a holo formed in one end of the box or frame (d) and
passes through and is mounted in a bearing (p) secured in one end of the frame (e)
and at its other end passes. into and is mounted in a bearing (p') secured in the
other end of the frame (e). Through the shaft (o) pass arms (g) which are
secured in position in such shaft (o) by means of rivets and are provided with
slots (9) through which pass bolts (r) by means of which brushes (s) extending
in a direction parallel to the length of the shaft (o) are secured to the arms (9).
The brushes (s) may be caused to bear more or less against the interior of the sieve (6)
during the revolution of the shaft (o) by the bolts (r) being adjusted in position in
the slots (7). The bolts (r) may be secured in position in the slots (9') by means
of the nuts with which they are provided. In practice I find it most convenient
to secure the arms (5), (g) to the shafts (i), (o) and place the bearings (h, h¹)
and (p) upon the shafts (i), (o) respectively and then the frames (6) and (e)
around the said shafts (i), (o). After the frames (c) and (e) have been built up
around the shafts (i), (o) and bearings (h, h'), and (p, p¹) the sieves (a), (b) are
secured to the frames (c), (e) respectively. This mode of constructing the machine
enables the fitting of the arms (j), (g) in the shafts (i), (o) to be accomplished
much more easily than if the frames (c), (e) were first constructed and the
arms (), (9) were secured in the shafts (1), (o) after such shafts (i), (o) had been
mounted in the frames (c), (e). In the hopper (f) are secured inclined boards or
partitions (t) which guide any liquid or substance poured into or placed in the
hopper () into the central portion of the interior of the sieve (b). Upon the
shaft (i) is mounted a pulley (u) by means of which the shaft (i) may be caused to

page_text: revolve and cause the brushes / mounted-upon the arms (j) to be succesively caused
to move over the interior of the sieve (a) and to agitate any liquid or material
contained in the interior of such sieve (a). The revolution of the shaft (i)
will by means of the wheels (m) and (n) cause the shaft (o) to revolve Bo as-to
cause the brushes (s) mounted upon the arms (9) to be successively caused to
move over the interior of the sieve (b) and agitate any liquid or material which
may be contained in the interior of the sieve (b). I employ hasps or fastenings of
any suitable kind to secure the hopper (f) frame (e) box or frame (d) and frame (c)
together.
When the machine above described is to be used the sides of the frame (c) are
placed upon the sides of the cask or other receptacle which is to receive the
material which has been treated by such machine, and which cask or receptacle is
provided with a notch in order that the shaft (i) which projects somewhat below
the lower surfaces of the sides of the frame (c) may not cause the machine to rest
Hosteadily upon the said cask or receptacle. Then a portion of the substancestor
liquids or substances and liquids which are to be incorporated together or otherwise
operated upon by the machine is placed in or poured into the hopper (f) and, the
shaft (i) and consequently the brushes (!) and (s) are caused to revolve. As the said
substances or liquids or substances and liquids fall or run from the hopper () into the
space in which the brushes (s) are revolving such substances or liquids or substances
and liquids will be agitated and intermixed by the brushes (s) and allowed or caused
to gradually pass through the perforations of the sieve (4). Then the portion of
the substances or liquids or substances and liquids which has passed through
the sieve (6) will fall or pass into the space in which the brushes (1) are
revolving and will be further intermixed and gradually caused or allowed to pass
through the sieve (1). The sieve (a) is made with perforations finer than those
of the sieve (b) and thus the substances or liquids or substances and liquids which
pass through the sieve (a) cannot fail to be thoroughly intermixed.
The fineness of the perforations of the sieves (a) and (b) and the difference
between the fineness of the perforations of the sieve (6) and that of the perforations
of the sieve (a) may be adapted to the various purposes for which the machine is
to be employed and sieves of various degrees of fineness may be provided for use
either in place of the sieve (6) or in place of the sieve (a) in order to increase the
usefulness of the machine. The relative diameters of the whoel (m) and the
wheel (n) may be made suitable to the purpose for which the machine is to be used
and in order to increase the usefulness of the machine a series of wheels of different
diameters may be provided for use instead of the wheels (m) and (n) after the
manner of change wheels.
If it be desired more than two sieves and sets of brushes arranged to act in
succession upon the materials to be treated in a manner similar to that in which
the sieves (6), (a) and brushes (s), (7) above described act, but in practice I find
that a machine arranged in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings
and having the sieve (6) made of perforated sheet copper having what is
technically known as No. 9 perforations and the sieve (a) made of perforated sheet
copper having what is technically as No. 4 perforations is very suitable for use
in the preparation of finings for clarifying beer. It is obvious that if a handle be
substituted for the pulley () the machine above described may be worked by hand.
In the machines hitherto in use for the preparation of finings" for use. in
clarifying beer, only one set of brushes has been employed and in conjunction with
such set of brushes it has been customary to first use a coarse sieve and then when
the quantity of materials required has been passed through the said coarse sieve it
has been usual to .replace such course sieve by a finer one and then cause the
material which had been passed through the first coarse sieve to be passed through"
the finer sieve in a second passage through the machine. This succession of
operations has been the cause of much loss of time and waste of materials and
frequently in order that time-might be, saved when large quantities of +"finings
L
"

page_text: have been required to be quickly prepared the passage of the material through the
finer sieve has been omitted altogether to the detriment of the clarifying effect of
the "finings" produced.
My invention by causing the preparation of "finings" for clarifying beer to be
completed in one machine and in one operation greatly facilitates the preparation of
large quantities of "finings" and also prevents the coarse sieve from being used alone
for the reason that the coarse sieve (b) being the upper one and the brushes (s,s)
used in conjunction with the coarse sieve (b) being driven by means of the
wheels (m, n) and not directly by the shaft (i) the upper sieve and brushes if
removed from the machine could not readily be made of any real use.
invention ensures that by reason of the preparation of the "finings" being
rapidly completed such "finings" will when ready to be placed in the casks of
beer in which they are to be used contain a very large proportion of air in a finely
divided state so that they will be in particularly good condition for effecting the
clarifying of the beer.
Further my
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
For use in the preparation of brewer's "finings" and in the combination of
gelatinous and saccharine substances either together or with materials of a similar
nature or with liquids a machine provided with two or more sieves and with two or
more sets of brushes which are arranged to be simultaneously revolved substantially
in the manner hereinbefore described in reference to and indicated in and by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this Nineteenth day of April 1899
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.