An Improved Calculating Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 7th Mar. 1892-Accepted, 16th Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Calculating Apparatus.
1, DOROTHY ANNIE GARNER, Married, of Sutherland House Upper Mostyn
Street Llandudno North Wales do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention consists of a new method of adding up accounts by self regulating
It is
indicators worked by weight, electricity, magnetism-or other methods.
composed of wood, steel-iron-brass-ivory-bone-or any other metal, material-
or composition, and it is a sure and safe method of making calculations.
The outer case or box enclosing my apparatus and within which the dials are
fixed for indicating results as each new amount is added and containing also the set
of levers slides or discs for actuating the mechanism may conveniently take the
form of a writing desk with a hinged lid forming when closed a sloping top.
.
Within this box or case I arrange a number of dials similar to those of a gas or
other meter and on these are marked the various figures for indicating pounds
shillings pence and farthings or any other desired measures or plain numerals only
may be shewn, Thus for adding amounts in English money the extreme right dial
would be divided into four for farthings the next to the left into twelve divisions to
represent pence the third into twenty spaces corresponding to shillings and the
remainder of the dials each into ten divisions to represent units tens and hundreds
of pounds. If the apparatus is intended to add articles or money of only one value
all the dials would be divided into ten divisions reading as units, tens, hundreds and
So on up to any desired extent.
Below the dials and nearer to the person using the apparatus i place scales or
discs corresponding to the dials and marked with similar figures. If I use scales I
mark these each vertically beneath its corresponding dial and along each scale
form a slot in which works a slide or plate on which is mounted a button by which
it is moved down the scale and also a pointer or arm projecting therefrom over the
scale so as to indicate the figures to be added.
Attached to this slide is a chain or cord so arranged and connected with a drum
The said drum or pulley
wheel or pulley behind the dial as to pull round the same.
revolves on a fixed spindle projecting through the dial and on this and over the
drum is loosely mounted a toothed wheel. On the drum or pulley is a pawl
engaging with the teeth of the said wheel, and carrying it round in one direction
with the drum when pulled by the chain or cord actuated by the slide and button
which on being released is by the action of a spring returned to its normal position
the drum also returning by the same operation.
On the tubular axis of the toothed wheel is mounted the indicating arm or
hand.
Supposing that I have now described the action of that portion of the apparatus
representing say farthings the dial contains four divisions and the wheel four teeth.
Between this first wheel and that connected with the scale to indicate
pence I place
an intermediate toothed wheel gearing into the main toothed wheel of the next
dial (say the pence dial). A stud or arm projects from the first or farthing wheel
and on its making one revolution engages with a tooth in the intermediate wheel
which carries a number of teeth corresponding to the divisions on the next dial
(say twelve if pence) thus the wheel is moved one twelvth of its course or circuni-
ference and gearing into the main wheel of the next dial (say pence) moves that
wheel and its hand so as to indicate one division or say one penny. The same
arrangement is carried throughout the apparatus a corresponding gearing being
required for each dial. Suitable springs control the main wheels and after

page_text: completing a calculation the hands may be set back to zero before commencing a
fresh division.
On the case or box being opened the lid is thrown back and may be arranged
to stand at any convenient angle so that its underside presents a rest or desk on
which may be placed a book or sheet on which are the different amounts or figures
to be added, and on this or within the box in any spare space may be arranged
receptacles for books papers pens ink or stationery.
A folding flap to form a rest for another book paper or tablet may be attached
to one or both sides of the box, case or desk for the purpose of readily recording
the results.
When the lid is down the whole apparatus and its necessary books papers
etcetera may be enclosed and secured by an ordinary lock and key or other device.
Dated this 20th day of August 1890.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Calculating Apparatus.
I DOROTHY ANNIE GARNER late of Sutherland House, Upper Mostyu
Street, Llandudno, North Wales, and now residing at 6 Mattheson Road West
Kensington in the County of Middlesex, Gentlewoman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide a ready means for adding together
mechanically a number of amounts-say of money, weights or measures, or of
plain figures alone,-such means or apparatus being capable of being manufactured
in a comparatively cheap form and so that the whole may be contained in a
convenient and compact case.
The various amounts as added together are indicated on dials placed within view
of the operator and the mechanism by which the hands or indicators of these dials
are moved is actuated say by the right hand of the operator pushing from him or
pulling towards him buttons or pegs attached to cords or equivalents passing round
pulleys concealed from view, such buttons or pegs carrying pointers arranged to
slide along graduated scales.
Referring now to the accompanying sheet of drawings and to the figures and
letters of reference marked thereon I will describe my apparatus as arranged to
add together various sums of English money-videlicet-pounds, shillings, pence
and farthings up to one thousand pounds as the highest total although it will be
readily understood that by adding to the apparatus further sets of wheels and slides
this liinit of total may be increased to any desired amount.
Figure 1-Sheet 1-is a plan view of the dial and scale plate shewing also the
finger buttons for actuating the mechanism.
Figure 2-Sheet 1- is an enlarged sectional vertical view of a portion of the
mechanism through a
y Figures 3 & 4.
---
Figure 3-Sheet 2-is a plan shewing train of wheels and action of pulleys-
and
Figure 4-Sheet 2-is a plan of the "setting back" motion.
The outer case or box enclosing my apparatus and within which the dials
are fixed for indicating the results as each new amount is added and containing
also the set of levers, slides or discs for actuating the mechanism may conveniently
take the form of a writing-desk with a hinged lid forming when closed a
sloping top.
Within this box or case I arrange a number of dials A similar to those of
a gas or other meter and on these are marked the various figures for indicating

page_text: pounds, shillings, pence and farthings or any other desired denominators such as.
for weights, measures or the like or plain numerals only. Thus, for adding
amounts in English money the extreme right hand dial would be divided into four
for farthings, the next to the left into 12 divisions to represent pence, the third
into 20 spaces corresponding to shillings and the remainder of the dials into
10 divisions so as to present units, tens, hundreds of pounds and so on.
If the apparatus is intended to add articles or money of only one value all the
dials would be divided into 10 divisions reading as units, tens hundreds and so on
up to any desired extent.
Below the dials A and nearer to the person using the apparatus, I place scales.
(or discs) B corresponding to the dials and marked with similar figures. Along
each scale I form a slot C in which works a slide or plate D Figure 3 on.
which is mounted a button or other device E Fig. 1 by which it is moved up
or down the scale and also a pointer or arm F projecting therefrom over the
scale and so as to indicate the figure to be added. Attached to this slide D is
a chain or cord G Fig. 3 so arranged and connected with a drum, wheel or pulley H
behind or beneath the dial as to pull round the same. The end of this cord is
passed round a smaller pulley or drum W Fig. 3 and is connected then to the slide
or block D. The said drum or pulley revolves on a fixed spindle I projecting
through the dial and fixed to the bottom plate (as shown in Fig. 2) and over the drum
is mounted on a sleeve J a toothed wheel K. On the drum or pulley is a pawl L.
engaging with the teeth of the said wheel and carrying it round in one direction
with the drum when pulled by the chain or cord actuated by the slide and button,.
the pulley and button on being released are by the action of a coiled spring M
contained within the said pulley H returned to their normal position, one end
of this spring being attached to the spindle and the other end to the drum.
On the tubular axis or sleeve of the toothed wheel is mounted the indicating
arm or hand N.
A stop O striking against the next spindle prevents the pulley making more
than one complete revolution at a time. Above the wheel or ratchet K and on the
sleeve J 1 mount an arm P to engage with the teeth of an intermediate wheel to
be hereafter described and above this arm P is a second toothed wheel or ratchet X
(Figs. 2 and 3) similar to wheel or ratchet K intended to engage with pawl Q
mounted on the spindle R of the intermediate wheel S.
Supposing that I have now described that portion of the apparatus representing
Between
say farthings, the dial contains four divisions and the wheel four teeth.
the first pulley or wheel H and that connected with the scale to indicate pence
place an intermediate toothed wheel S gearing into the main toothed wheel of the
next dial, say the peuce dial. The stud or arm P projecting from the first or
farthing wheel on its making one revolution engages with one of the divisions of a
ratchet T carried above and mounted on the intermediate wheel S which said
divisions correspond to the divisions on the next dial representing in this case
pence and being 12 in number. Thus the wheel is moved one twelfth of its
course or circumference and gearing into the main wheel of the next dial
(pence) moves that wheel and its hand so as to indicate one division or say
one penny.
Above the ratchet T is mounted a pawl Q kept normally pressed against and
engaging with ratchet X thus preventing the sleeve on which it is mounted
returning in its course. The intermediate wheel S gears into a similarly toothed
wheel S₁ mounted on a sleeve J' carried by the spindle It on which revolves the
drum or pulley H¹ of the pence dial A so that the wheels S and S' have a
corresponding movement and the hand or indicating arm N mounted also on the
sleeve is moved round the dial A' in accordance therewith.
The arm P mounted on the sleeve J¹ engages with a divided wheel T₁ (Fig. 3).
over the intermediate wheel S2 and thus communicates motion to the mechanism
connected with the shillings dial A².
A bent spring V. V V and so on prevents the overrunning of the wheels T. T

page_text: and the like. Thus any one of the pulleys H. H1 H2 etc. on being set in motion
by its corresponding slide D. D' D2 etc. will revolve the indicating arm on its
corresponding dial in one direction only and the same arm will be also revolved by
the action of any of the pulleys H and their corresponding mechanism to the right
of it; the farthings wheel on making a revolution indicates 1 on the pence wheel
and dial but this may be also independently indicated by pressing the slide button E¹
to the figure 1 on the scale B¹.
It will be seen that the motion working from the pence to the shillings mechanism
is repeated throughout the pounds and other further developments and that these
may be increased to any extent.
Similar stops O are used throughout the mechanism to prevent the various
pulleys making more than one revolution.
I provide suitable means for simultaneously setting back the several pointers or
indicators to zero say after the addition of a series of numbers or amounts so that
the apparatus is ready for adding a fresh series and I have shewn a convenient
method of accomplishing this on Figures 2 and 4-thus over the mechanism before
described but below the pointers I fix a plate a carrying flanges or collars 6. b¹ &c.
surrounding the sleeves J. J' and so on and on these collars 6 I mount loose
pinions carrying pawls or arms d pivotted thereon and kept up to the sleeve J
by a spring f On the sleeve J I fix a small stud with which the arm
or pawl d engages when it is required to move the pointer mounted on the
sleeve to zero.
In suitable bearings I mount a ratchet bar or rod i of sufficient length to allow
of its teeth engaging with each and every pinion c its action being reciprocal or to
and fro in the same plane; a handle plate l carries a button or handle m projecting
through a slot in the top of the case by which the ratchet bar is pushed to and
fro until the pointers are all brought to zero..
On the case or box being opened the lid is thrown back and may be arranged to
stand at any convenient angle so that its underside presents a rest or desk on which
may be placed a book or sheet on which are the different amounts or figures to be
added, and on this or within the box in any spare space may be arranged receptacles
for books, papers, pens, ink or other stationery.
A folding flap to form a rest for another book, tablet or paper may be
attached to one or both sides of the box-case-or desk for the purpose of readily
recording the results.
When the lid is down the whole apparatus and its necessary books, papers &c.
may be enclosed and secured by an ordinary lock and key or other device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is
1-An apparatus for adding together a series of numbers or amounts the means
for setting back the pointers or indicators to zero substantially as hereinbefore
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2-The method of and means for mechanically adding together and indicating
the sum total of a series of numbers or amounts substantially as herein before
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
3-The apparatus for adding amounts and indicating totals of same substantially
as described and illustrated.
Dated this 7th dox of Mah 1000
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.