Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1891-Accepted, 8th Aug., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
I, SAMUEL RUSH LINVILLE, a Citizen of the United States, residing at
3610 Walnut Street in the City of Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia,
and State of Pennsylvania, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING TELEGRAPHS and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained by the following
statements :-
My invention relates in general to a novel system of printing telegraphy affording
a convenient and rapid means of intercommunication between subscribers in business
offices, when the telegraph instruments located thereat and adapted either for
transmitting or receiving messages are connected by suitable conductors with a
central station at which are located the source of electrical energy, the apparatus
for alternating the direction of the current, the devices controlling the alternator,
the switch-boards and the signal and registering apparatus indicating to an
attendant, the conventional symbols or numbers of the respective subscribers
desiring to be placed in telegraphic communication with one another.
The improvements embraced in the present application relate more particularly
to the electrical circuits and means employed to operate such instruments as shown
and described in said application when connected by a main line for operating the
type-wheels and a main line for arresting the alternator and effecting the
impressions.
In carrying my present invention into effect preference is given to the employ-
ment of two lines and to the dispensing with local batteries at subscriber instruments,
but I do not wish to confine myself to the use of two lines, as it is practical to
employ only one main line and to effect the impression by means of a local battery
at each subscriber instrument.
The instruments described in the aforesaid application have each two type-
wheels, with characters arranged in the same radial line on the peripheries
thereof.
Each instrument is connected by double line conductors to switching devices at a
common or central station through a register and to earth through a visible or
audible annunciating device, in order that signals sent by any subscriber may be
announced and registered at the central station. When two lines are employed the
printing line is switched to earth through the key-board of an instrument used as a
transmitter and to earth around the key-board of an instrument employed as a
receiver and vice versa, the instruments being adapted for use, either as transmitters
or receivers.
My invention consists first, of the electric circuits for controlling the alternating
and unison devices located at a central station, when the same are controlled by
means of the printing line.
My invention consists secondly in connecting any two subscriber instruments in
parallel circuit through their type-wheel lines in which alternating currents of like
polarity simultaneously circulate, thereby obviating the great complication of
switches involved at subscriber instruments and the consequent danger of errors and
confusion that would arise, if the instruments operated by alternating currents were
connected to different electrodes of the type wheel line battery at a central station
and through the instruments to earth. The lines leading from the respective
instruments have a pre-determined connection with the magnetic devices controlling
the type-wheels and unless the currents circulating simultaneously in the two lines
connecting the instruments to the alternator have the same direction, the unison
position of the type-wheels will vary, depending upon the mode of connection of the

page_text: respective lines to the battery terminals. This source of confusion and error is
obviated, by operating the instruments in parallel circuit.
My invention consists thirdly, in the method employed for controlling the neutral
relays operating the printing circuits at two connected instruments by means of a
resistance and devices at a transmitter for cutting out the resistance in one
branch of the parallel circuit, thereby increasing at will the current to the trans-
mitter and at the same instant diminishing the current to the receiver.
My invention consists fourthly, in the method employed for sending a signal
from a subscriber station and recording the same by means of registering apparatus
and an annunciator at a central station. The alternating apparatus is driven by
power frictionally applied to a shaft carrying a device for alternating the
direction of the current in the type-wheel line from a source of electric energy,
located at some convenient station centrally situated with relation to the sub-
scribers desiring to communicate with one another. The said shaft carries also
an unison device with which the unison latch engages and also an escapement-
wheel controlled automatically by pallets, vibrated by magnetic devices included
in the type-wheel line. The type-wheel line circuit is normally closed and the
alternator consequently runs automatically until means are employed to arrest the
same. The printing line battery located also at the central station is normally in
open circuit through the sunflower and keys of a transmitter and to earth around
the keys of a receiver. This circuit traverses the magnet controlling a pole-changer
at the central station and also the unison magnet thereat. The electrodes of the
type-wheel line battery are connected through the springs, contacts and lever of
the pole changer, to the springs of the alternator, so that when a key of a trans-
mitter in circuit is depressed, closing the printing line to earth at said transmitter,
the pole changer and unison magnets included in said circuit, will be energized
and the alternator arrested in consequence of a change in polarity in the current
energizing the escapement magnets, or the polarized relay which may be
employed to control the escapement magnets by means of a local battery circuit.
When the key is released, breaking the printing line, the normal succession of
alternating impulses is restored by the pole-changer and the alternator again
revolves automatically until another key is depressed, and if a key is not depressed,
the unison latch will arrest the alternator at the termination of two or more revolu-
tions. The lines controlling the magnetic devices for operating the type-wheels of
a transmitter and receiver in circuit with the alternating devices, are not connected
to the opposite electrodes of the battery through the alternator, but one line from
the alternator is to earth and the other line divides at the alternator in parallel
circuit through the two diverging lines connecting any transmitter and receiver.
The pulsations, therefore, to two instruments connected in circuit, through the
alternator are, simultaneously, in the same direction through the magnetic devices
controlling said instruments. The type-wheel lines pass through the double contact
neutral relays controlling the printing and type-wheel shifting magnets, and also
through a resistance at each instrument. The neutral relay closes by one contact
the printing circuit in parallel with a resistance in the printing line, when a key in
one range of keys is depressed and by its other contact, when a key in another range
of keys is depressed, the printing line is closed in parallel with said resistance and
the shifting magnet. To effect this a second relay at a transmitter cuts out the
resistance and also the double contact relay in the type-wheel line at said transmitter,
thereby greatly reducing the strength of the current to a receiver electrically
connected with said transmitter so as to cause the neutral double contact relays at
both instruments to simultaneously close the printing line circuit at their back
contacts. The printing line battery located at a central station, consequently
energizes the printing and type-wheel shifting magnets, at any two instruments
electrically connected with the central station batteries without the intervention of
local batteries at subscriber instruments. The printing lines to all instruments are
normally to earth through a switch at each instrument and also, at the switch-board
of the central station, through a register and the annunciator magnets sustaining

page_text: visual signals indicating the conventional symbols or numbers of the subscriber
instruments connected with the respective lines. When a subscriber wishes to
indicate his symbol or number and the symbol or number of the subscriber with
which communication is required, he turns the switch at his instrument to transmit.
This breaks the line at the key contacts of the transmitter, thereby causing his
annunciator drop to fall and indicate his symbol or number at the central station.
A call box at each instrument is automatically connected to the printing line by a
circuit closing device, preferably operated by the handle of the call-box. The
printing line to the subscriber instrument sending the call is connected through the
magnet of preferably a Morse register and bell. By turning the pointer of his
call-box successively to the numbers indicating the conventional designation of the
subscriber called and allowing the machinery of the box to return the pointer to
zero from each successive number, the number of dashes recorded on the tape of the
register and also the number of taps on the bell, will indicate the number of tho
subscriber called, whereupon the respective lines from the two subscriber instru-
ments are connected by an attendant to a terminal of the alternator, and the
electrodes of the printing line and the subscribers can immediately communicate by
operating their respective instruments. Any transmitter is so constructed and
arranged as to permit of a message being sent and impressed simultaneously on the
paper of a transmitter and a receiver, without the presence of the person to whom
the message is sent being required at the receiving instrument.
The nature and particular characteristic features of my invention will be more
fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the
accompanying drawings forming part hereof; and in which
Figure 1, is a diagrammatic view of the operative parts of a central station,
showing a circuit alternator and electro-magnetic devices employed in connection
therewith, a printing instrument numbered i, organized as a transmitter, an instru-
ment numbered 2, organized as a receiver, the electro-magnetic and mechanical
devices and complete circuits necessary to effect their operation.
Fig. 2, is a similar view of the operative parts of a central station circuit alternator
and the electro-maguetic devices, the line and printing batteries and circuits
connected with terminals, also the annunciating devices and local battery, switches
and circuits.
Figs. 3 and 4, are respectively similar views of the circuits of two instruments
organized respectively as transmitters and receivers and showing also a call-box
and a modification of the circuits illustrated in Fig. 1, required to connect the
printing lines with the instruments through the said call-box.
Referring now to the drawings for a further and more detailed description of my
invention, in which the alternator shaft a (Fig. 1) carries a pulley a', frictionally
mounted thereon, an escape wheel b, alternating discs c, an unison spiral d, unison
cut-out disc ". and an unison one toothed detent disc d', which are rigidly mounted
on said shaft. Two insulated springs c' and c bear on alternate contacts and insu-
lations on the discs and c, electrically connected with the metallic disc c®, and
two springs and c, bear on alternate contacts and insulations on the discs cl
and the contacts being electrically connected with the metallic disc co
Springs and c, bear respectively on the metallic discs and co. All of the
said springs c', c², c³, c, c and care insulated from one another. Two insulated
springs and bear respectively on a disc e, of insulating material provided with
a single metallic contact e' and on a metallic disc e insulated from the shaft a.
The metallic disc eis in electrical connection with the metallic contact et, which
constitutes a cut-out for the circuit at the unison position.
The friction pulley a' is driven continuously by suitable power. The speed of the
alternator C, is automatically controlled by escapement pallets b' and the escape-
wheel b, is arrested by these pallets, secured to a lever mounted on trunnions, and
carrying a neutral armature, vibrated by alternate pulsations of the electric current
through the coils of the electro-magnets B and B. The unison electro-magnet D,

page_text: is provided with an armature d³, a lever d³, a detent d' and a bent arm &³, which
impinges against the unison-latch .
A pole-changer F of the usual form, is employed in connection with the alternator
to reverse the direction of the current through the alternator C, when it is required
to arrest the same.
The instruments designated respectively by numbers 1 and 2 are precisely similar,
the printing circuit at No. 1, being directed by the switch S, to the sunflower
brush, and at No. 2, directly to earth around the sunflower. The instruments
consist essentially of a type-wheel shaft h, positively driven and on which are
mounted an escape-wheel i, an interrupter ratchet-wheel k, and an insulated hub gl
carrying an arm 9, and a trailer 9. Any suitable unison device may be mounted
on the shaft h. A sleeve ' to which are secured two type-wheels H and H', moves
freely on and turns with the shaft h. An insulated circuit spring g, bears on the
hub g', insulated from the shaft h. The trailer g, is adapted to sweep successively
over the metallic contacts 9, insulated from one another in the sunflower G.
These contacts g', are respectively connected by conductors, to the key levers n'.
The escape wheel i, is controlled by anchor pallets i', connected with a lever,
mounted on a trunnion i³, and carrying a polarized armature, adapted to be
vibrated by alternating currents in the coils of the escapement magnets I and I'.
When the type-wheel shaft k, rotates, the ratchet wheel i, causes the bent-arm or
lever ³, to vibrate, thereby interrupting the printing line circuit at the insulated
contacts and k². The type-wheels H and H', are shifted by means of an arm 1,
engaging in a groove in the sleeve h¹. The arm 1, is mounted on a shifting-rod,
which is solicited by the lever P, supported on a trunnion, and carrying the
armature, of a shifting magnet L. An insulated arm 1, mounted on the
trunnion, makes contact with the insulated circuit springs l, and 13.
electro-magnet L, actuates the shifting lever 1, to shift the type-wheels H
and H. A printing electro-magnet M, controls a lever m, to which at its
extremity is pivoted a pawl m', engaging in a rack m³, attached to the usual
devices for presenting a sheet of paper to the impression devices. The printing
hammer m³, mounted on the rod 'm², is actuated by the lever m, through the
intervention of devices controlled by the printing magnet M.
The
The characters are arranged on the peripheries of the respective type-wheels H
and H', in the same radial line, so as to deliver the impressions in one and the
same line on a sheet of paper. The keys n, are arranged in two ranges or series N
and N¹, one series having relation to the type-wheel H, and the other series having
relation to the type-wheel H'. These keys, devices and circuits connected there-
with and brought into operation thereby, determine from which type-wheel any
character represented by one of said keys shall be impressed.
The electrical circuits will first be traced and the operation of printing a message
simultaneously on both instruments will be hereinafter fully described.
The electrodes of the type-wheel line battery T, are connected by conductors 1,
to the springs and, of the pole-changer F, and thence by the conductor 2
from the anvils and f, to the springs and c³, and from the lever 1, to the
springs and c, of the alternator C. The alternator spring e, is connected to
earth by the conductor 3, and the spring c, is connected by the conductor 4, to
the coils of the electro-magnet of the polarized relay P. Thence the circuit is
directed by the conductor 5, which branches by the lines 6, in parallel circuit to
the coils of the electro-magnets I and I', in the instruments numbered 1 and 2, and
thence by the conductors 7, to the coils of the double contact neutral relays O,
through the same, and thence by the conductors 8, and through the resistances R,
to earth at the respective instruments.
The circuit of the local battery t, at the central station is closed alternately
through the neutral electro-magnets B and 13', and to one electrode by the lines 10,
and the contacts p and p³, of the polarized relay P, the tongue of said relay being
connected to the other electrode by the conductor 11.

page_text: The circuit of the printing battery J, at the central station is adapted to be
connected in series to the respective electro-magnetic devices of the two connected
instruments numbered 1 and 2.
From earth at instrument No. 1, the circuit passes by the conductors 20, directly
to the anvils n³, of one series of keys N', and the conductors 21 and 22, and through
the coils of a neutral relay U, to the anvils n³, of another series of keys N. The
circuit is normally interrupted at these anvils, but when a key in series N', is
depressed said circuit is closed through said key-lever n', and the conductor 23, to
the contact bar nº, and thence to the lever n', of a key n, in the series N, and by
a conductor 24, to a contact 9, of the sunflower G. When a corresponding key
in series N, is depressed the circuit is closed by the conductor 21, the coils of
electro-magnet U, the conductor 22, to the anvil n³, and thence by the conductor 24,
to the same sunflower contact g'. When the trailer g, rests on said contact, the
circuit is through said trailer g³, of the hub g', brush g, switch-points, switch-bar S,
resistance R', and the conductor 25, to one electrode of the printing battery J,
thence from the other electrode by the conductor 26, to the unison electro-magnet D,
through the coils of the same, and by the conductor 27, to the pole-changer
electro-magnet F, through the coils of the same and thence by the line conductor 28,
and the resistance R', to the switch-bar S, and from one contact s³, of said switch
to earth by the conductor 29. By reversing the switches, at instruments Nos. 1
and 2, the instrument numbered 1 is adapted to "receive," and the instrument
numbered 2 to transmit" messages. At the central station the unison cut-out
operates to short circuit the pole-changer magnet F, by means of the conductors 27
and 30, the springs e and e', the metallic disc e, and the contact e, on the
insulated disc e, when the alternator C, is arrested at the unison position.
The branch circuits of the printing battery J, are precisely similar at two
connected instruments and will be described by the employment of similar letters
and figures to designate like parts at the instruments numbered 1 and 2.
The branch circuits of the printing battery J, have their origin at the
resistances R¹, and diverge (in parallel with the circuits to earth through said
resistances,) by the conductor 40, to the insulated contact ³, of the interrupter
levers, and when the type-wheels H and H', are at rest, by the insulated
anvils, and conductors 41, to the tongues o, of the double contact neutral
relays O. When said tongues o, impinge against the back contacts o', of said
relays, as in Fig. 1, the circuit is closed by the same, through the conductors 42,
to the insulated levers, on the trunnions of the shifting lever 1, thence by the
insulated spring conductors 1, the resistances R2, and the conductors 43, to the
electro-magnets L, through the coils of the same, and the conductors 44, to earth.
When the magnets L, are energized the armatures ", are attracted, moving the
levers, to shift the type-wheels H and H', and the insulated levers (, moving
with said levers, and just before the type-wheels H, arrive in the required
position, make contact also with the insulated springs 1, and the second branch
circuits are thereby closed through the conductors 45, the coils of the printing
magnets M, and by the conductors 46, to earth. The circuit by the conductors 47,
from the coils of the printing magnet M, to the front contacts of the relays o³,
are open at said contacts.
To clearly understand the operation of the branch circuits above described, it
must be observed, that the type-wheel line circuits are always closed with positive
or negative currents in parallel through the escapement magnets I and I', the relay
magnets O, and resistances R, excepting when one of the resistances and relays are
cut out in order to close the branch printing circuits, last traced.
To close these branch circuits through the back contacts o', of the double contact
relays O, a key in the series N, at instrument No. 1, must be depressed, closing
the printing circuit, through the anvils n³, the conductors 22, coils of the single
contact relay magnet U, and the conductor 21, to earth. The magnet U, is thereby
energized attracting its armature u, causing the lever u³, to close a short circuit
from the escapement magnets I, by the conductor 48, to said lever u', thence
"

page_text: through the front contact ², and the conductor 49, to earth. This short circuits
the double contact relay O, and the resistance R, in the type-wheel line circuit
at the transmitting instrument No. 1. The type wheel line circuits being in parallel,
the currents divide in proportion to the relative conductivity of the two branch
lines, the greater portion of the current going to earth at the instrument numbered 1,
and a weak current passing through the relay magnets O, at the instrument
numbered 2. The levers o, of the relays O, will consequently fall against their
back-contacts o', at both instruments as shown, and the local shifting and printing
circuit will be, in this case, closed as described.
To print with the type-wheels H', in their normal positions, it is necessary to close
a branch circuit only through the printing magnets M. When a key n, in the
series N¹, is depressed, the printing line circuit is closed directly to earth through
the anvil n², and the conductor 20. The similar resistances, in the type-wheel
lines, are in parallel circuit at both instruments. The normal strong currents in
these circuits energize equally the magnets of the relays O, at both instruments,
causing their levers o, to close the branch printing circuits, through their front
contacts o³, thence by the conductors 47, to the printing magnets M, through the
coils of the same, and by the conductors 46, to earth, and an impression is taken
from the type-wheels H¹, normally in such position.
The operation of printing on one and the same line on a sheet of paper from two
type wheels in each of two connected instruments will be readily understood. The
type-wheel line circuits being connected to earth through the resistances R, the
escapement magnets I and I, and double contact relays O, at the instruments
*numbered 1 and 2, and through the polarized relay P, the alternator C, and pole-
changer contacts f³ and f, and springs fand f, to the electrodes of the battery T,
at a central station, the alternator shaft a, being solicited continuously by a suitable
driving force acting on the frictionally attached pulley a', and the current through
one pair of contacts p or p³, on the alternator discs will be in one direction through
the polarized relay magnet P, causing the tongue p', to vibrate to one of its
contacts p, which will close the local circuit of the battery t, through one escape-
ment magnet B, energizing the same, and causing one pallet b¹, to release one tooth
of the escape-wheel b. The alternator C, then revolves one step and another pair
of contacts thereon, reverse the circuit through the polarized relay P. Its tongue
consequently moves to the opposite contact p³, and the escapement magnet B², is
energized by the local circuit, causing the other pallet b', to release another tooth,
so that the alternator C, will run automatically as long as the line circuit is closed,
and until the regular order of alternating currents is interrupted. The speed can
be controlled by the proper regulation of the friction of the pulley attachment and
by changing the lead of the contact springs bearing on the alternator discs c.
To print a character on the type-wheel H, to be shifted into position, a key ",
in the series N, is depressed at the transmitting instrument numbered 1. When
the trailer, arrives at the sunflower contact 9, electrically connected with this
key, the printing circuit is consequently closed, as hereinbefore described, the
electro-magnet F, of the pole-changer F, attracts its armature f1, on the lever f³,
thereby reversing in a well understood manner, the direction of current through
the polarized relay P. Its tongue p³, consequently remains against one of the
contacts of said relay, the armature 63, of the escapement magnets B and B', at
the alternator C, is permanently attracted to one magnet, and the escape-wheel b,
on the alternator shaft a, is consequently arrested. Currents of one and the same
polarity attract the armatures of the escapement magnets I and I', at both instru-
ments and the type-wheels H and H', are arrested at the same character corre
sponding to the key depressed at the transmitting instrument. The type-wheels H
and H, being arrested the interrupters k', close the circuit between the contacts k
and . The relays O, close circuit at their back contacts O³, and the branch
printing circuits hereinbefore first described, now actuate the shifting magnets L,
and the printing magnets M, and an impression is given from the type-wheels H,
after shifting the same into a position corresponding to the printing hammer m³.

page_text: When 'the key n, is released the printing circuits are interrupted between. the
key lever n', and its anvil n³, the shifting and printing magnets are demagnetized,
and the pawls m', engaging in the racks m³, and solicited by the springs m³, move
the paper presenting devices one notch equal to a space between two characters.
The pole-changer magnet F, is simultaneously demagnetized and the normal
direction of current thereby restored. The alternator C again revolves until
arrested in consequence of the depression of a key n, say in the series N', which
causes the arrest of the alternator C, and type-wheels H and H', with equal and
strong currents in the parallel circuit lines through the magnets of the double
contact relays O. The relays now close branch printing circuits through their
front contacts o³, and through the printing magnet M only, as herein before
described, and a character is impressed from the type-wheel H', normally in
position. Suitable unison devices may be connected with the type-wheel shafts h,
of the instruments and additional devices operated by the printing magnets M, for
releasing said unison devices each time the printing circuit is closed, simultaneously
with the release of the unison latch, at the alternator C. When a key is not
depressed, the alternator and all instruments connected in line automatically run to
unison and are then arrested by the respective unison latches. At this position a
key when depressed will close the printing line through the trailer 9%, and conse-
quently release the unison latches.
To adapt the instruments to a general system of intercommunication between
numerous subscribers, each having a combined transmitting and receiving
instrument at the place of business, a system of call, annunciating devices and
means for connecting the various subscriber instruments through their respective
lines to the electrodes of the type-wheel and printing batteries at a central station
become necessary adjuncts of the system. Such devices and the circuits for con-
trolling the same are fully illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4.
In Fig. 2, the batteries, circuits and devices controlling the alternator are
identical with those illustrated in Fig. 1 as hereinbefore described with the
exception that the electrodes of the batteries are connected with terminals. The
type-wheel lines from subscriber instruments are adapted to be connected in parallel
circuit with the terminal ³, and the printing lines, in series, with the terminals v',
and these line conductors are preferably combined respectively with a double
plug v, the conducting portions of the plugs to which the lines are connected, being
insulated from one another. The plugs ", of the switch-board V, at the central
station are inserted in double holes in metallic blocks v¹. The blocks for each
printing line are in electrical connection by the conductor 50 with an annunciator
magnet W, through the coils thereof and by the conductors 51, to the switch-
bars w, thence by a contact to and the conductor 52, to one electrode of a local
battery t, thence by the conductor 53, to earth. Any number of lines, may in this
manner be connected to the annunciator magnets in multiple arc, so that when the
lines are to earth at the respective instruments, a circuit of a local battery will be
closed through the annunciator magnets W, which will permanently attract their
armatures and maintain out of sight, the visual signals as 1 and 2, on the drops.
When any printing line from instrument No. 1 for instance, is broken, as illustrated
by the devices in Fig. 3, the branch circuit through the annunciator magnet W, to
which the printing line may be electrically connected, will be interrupted, and the
spring w', attached to the armature ³, will withdraw said armature and the drop
marked 1, will fall, rendering the figure thereon visible to an attendant in charge
at the central station. The attendant may then press the lever w, into contact
with the anvil w³, closing a branch circuit of the battery J, through said lever w,
anvil 3, the conductors 54, to the coils of a self actuating Morse register Y, with
a bell attachment through said coils and to the battery t, by the conductor 55.
The attendant maintains contact between the lever w, and the anvil w³, until he has
determined by the number of taps received on the bell, or dashes on the tape of
the register, the conventional number of the subscriber with whom instrument
numbered 1 requires a connection and communication.

page_text: The apparatus for sending signals is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, and consists of
an ordinary call box X, of any known type, in which the shaft is usually driven by
a spring and gearing wound by a ratchet connection, not shown. The box is
provided with a dial a, on which are visible numerals from 1 to 9 inclusive. An
index finger a¹, is attached to the shaft. This shaft carries a metallic disc a³,
and a toothed metallic circuit wheel. An insulated spring a, bears on the teeth
of the wheel **, and a vibrating brake, insulated from the case, also bears on said
wheel and may be provided with a hammer, to actuate the bell. When the
shaft, is turned by a suitable handle, the index will point to the required numeral
and the index will return to zero, when the handle is released, and the circuit spring a³,
will make the number of contacts and breaks of circuit indicated by that numeral.
The shaft, and the circuit wheel, are in electrical connection within the case
of the call box X. A lever, which is pivoted at 2, and solicited by the
spring, constantly bears against the disc. A projection all, on the lever a³,
falls into a notch in the disc 2, at the zero position of the index, in which position
the lever 2, contacts with stop. When the shaft ³, and the discs a³ and ², are
turned by the handle so that the index points to the required numeral on the dial,
the projection all, will ride on the periphery of the disc a³, and the lever .. will
consequently be maintained by the disc in contact with the stop a", during the
time a signal is being given by the mechanism of the call-box X.
at a
The type-wheel line circuits in Figs. 3 and 4, are the same as those illustrated in
Fig. 1, except that the printing line circuit is shown terminating in a plug
central station. The printing line from the plug v, at the central station, is by
the conductor 56 to the lever, of the call-box X, and through the front stop ¹³,
to the resistance R', then as in Fig. 1, hereinbefore described.
In order that any subscriber may be called, the switch S, must stand on the
points to "receive" and the printing circuit will be to earth at each instrument
and to earth at the central station through corresponding annunciator magnets W.
The subscriber wishing to transmit a message, turns the switch S. on points, to
"send," the printing line is then broken between the keys and anvils. The
annunciator drop at central station falls and the attendant thereat, then presses the
lever w, connected with the said line and annunciator magnet circuit and the sub-
scriber indicates the conventional number of the subscriber instrument on which it
is desired to print a message. This is effected by the subscriber call-box X, by
the turning of the index finger a³, successively to the numerals on the dial indicating
the number and each time allowing the mechanism of the box to return to its
initial position. When the circuit wheel, revolves, the circuit is through the
lever, the back stop ", the conductor 57, the insulated spring, the circuit
wheel, the shaft a³, and the conductors 58 and 29 to earth and the pulsations in
line, by the makes and breaks of the current at the circuit wheel, causes taps on
the bell and indentations or dashes on the tape of the register at the central station.
The attendant may then connect the instruments by inserting the respective line
plugs v, in the terminals at said station.
.
The circuits of the batteries shown at the central station and the appliances at
the respective instruments are such that local batteries can be dispensed with at
subscriber instruments. I do not wish, however, to confine this invention exclusively
to this method of operating the instruments, since it will be apparent to those
skilled in the art to which it appertains that the escapements may be controlled by
local batteries closed by the contacts of polarized relays, included in the type-wheel
line and that local batteries may also be employed in a well understood manner to
control the magnetic devices operating the mechanism, effecting impressions.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature and objects of my
invention, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy, parallel
and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alter-
nating the currents in parallel circuits, arresting devices at said station responding

page_text: to electrical impulses in a series circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments
included in said circuits, keys in said instruments, electrical and mechanical devices
responding to said keys to close said series circuit and to arrest said alternator,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy, electrical
and mechanical devices located at a station for alternating the direction of the
current in parallel circuits, arresting devices at said station responding to pulsatory
currents in a series circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments, keys therein,
electrical and mechanical devices responding to said keys to close said series
circuit, arrest said alternator and vary the intensity of the current in said parallel
circuits, substantially as and for the purposes described.
3. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a
central station, parallel and series circuits therefor, electrical and mechanical
devices, located at said station for alternating the current in said parallel circuits,
arresting devices at said station responding to electrical impulses in said series
circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments, sunflower devices and keys at the
transmitting instruments included in said series circuits, electro magnetic devices
and resistances at said instruments in parallel circuits and electrical devices
responding to said keys to close said series circuits, to cut out the resistance in
said parallel circuit at a transmitting instrument and to simultaneously decrease the
strength of current in the parallel circuit to a receiving instrument, substantially as
and for the purposes described.
4. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy, parallel
and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station for alter-
nating the currents in the parallel circuits, arresting devices at said station
responding to electrical impulses in the series circuits, transmitting and receiving
instruments in said series circuits, sunflowers and keys at the transmitting instru-
ments, electro-magnetic devices at said instruments in the parallel circuit and
devices included in the series circuit to close the same by the depression of one of
said keys through said arresting devices to increase the strength of the current in
the parallel circuit to a transmitting instrument and to simultaneously decrease the
strength of current in said series circuit to a receiving instrument, substantially as
and for the purposes described.
5. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a
central station, parallel and series circuits therefor, electrical and mechanical
devices located at said station for alternating the currents in said parallel circuits,
arresting and unison devices at said station and responding to electrical impulses
in said series circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments provided with
sunflower devices and keys at transmitters included in said series círcuits, electro-
magnetic devices and resistances at said instruments in the parallel circuits and
electrical devices responding to said keys to close said series circuits, whereby the
resistances in said parallel circuits are cut out at the transmitters and the strength
of the current in said parallel circuits simultaneously decreased to the receivers,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
6. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a central
station, parallel and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices located at
said station for alternating the currents in said parallel circuits, arresting, unison
and annunciator devices, at said station and responding to impulses in said series
circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments provided with sunflowers and keys
at the transmitters included in said series circuits, electro-magnetic devices, resistances
at said instruments in the parallel circuits and electrical devices responding to
said keys to close said series circuits, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
7. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a station,
paralel and series circuits, clectrical and mechanical devices frictionally propelled
by suitable power at said station and adapted to automatically alternate the currents
in said parallel circuits, electro-magnetic devices at said station and responding to
R

page_text: electrical impulses in said series circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments,
each provided with two type-wheels, and sunflowers, two ranges of keys at the
transmitters, resistances at said instruments included in said parallel circuits, a relay
with contacts adapted to short circuit said resistances, devices for arresting said
type-wheels, and for including said relay in said series circuit by the depression of a
key in one of said ranges, substantially as and for the purposes described.
8. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a station,
parallel and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices frictionally driven by
suitable power at said station and adapted to automatically alternate the currents
in said parallel circuits, arresting and unison devices at said station in said series
circuit, electro-magnetic devices at said station responding to electrical impulses in
said series circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments provided with type-wheels
and sunflower devices, two ranges of transmitting keys, resistances at said instru-
ments in said parallel circuit, a relay provided with contacts adapted to short
circuit said resistances and means for arresting said type-wheels, substantially as
and for the purposes described.
9. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a station,
parallel and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices frictionally driven
by suitable power at said station and adapted to automatically alternate the
currents in said parallel circuits, arresting, unison and annunciating devices at said
station in said series circuit, electro-magnetic devices at said station responding to
electrical impulses in said scries circuit, transmitters and receivers provided with
sunflowers and keys, resistances at said instruments, a relay provided with contacts
adapted to short circuit said resistances in said parallel circuit, substantially as and
for the purposes described.
10. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a
station, parallel and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices, frictionally
propelled by suitable power at said station and adapted to automatically alternate
the currents in said parallel circuits, electro-magnetic arresting and unison devices
at said station responding to impulses in said series circuits, transmitting and
receiving instruments, sunflowers, trailers and two ranges of keys at a transmitter
included in said series circuit, electrical devices, resistances, a double contact
neutral relay at said instruments in said parallel circuits, a relay with contacts
adapted to short circuit said double contact relay and resistances at a transmitter
included in said series circuit by the depression of a key in one of said ranges,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
11. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy at a station,
parallel and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices, frictionally propelled
by suitable power at said station and adapted to automatically alternate the
currents in said parallel circuits, electro-magnetic arresting, unison and annunciating
devices at said station responding to impulses in said series circuit, transmitters
and receivers, sunflowers, trailers and two ranges of keys at cach transmitter
included in said series circuit, electrical devices and resistances, a double contact
relay at said instruments in the parallel circuits, a relay having contacts adapted
for short circuiting said double contact relay and resistances at a transmitter,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
12. A double line printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric
energy at an alternating station, parallel circuits and a series circuit therefor,
electro-magnetic and mechanical devices at said station for simultaneously
alternating the direction of the current in the parallel circuit, electrical devices
in the series circuit adapted to arrest the alternator, transmitting and receiving
instruments, a sunflower, trailer and a relay included in said series circuit, at a
transmitter, electro-magnetic devices included in said parallel circuits both at the
transmitter and receiver, type-wheels shafts in both instruments positively driven
by suitable power and controlled by said electro-magnetic devices, two type-wheels
adjustably mounted on said shafts, electrical and mechanical devices at said instru
ments adapted to shift said type-wheels and to effect impressions, and keys in said

page_text: series circuit adapted to short circuit resistances in the parallel circuits at said
transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes described.
13. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy, parallel
and series circuits, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station, for
alternating the direction of the current in the lines in parallel circuit, arresting
devices at said station responding to pulsatory currents in said series circuits,
transmitting and receiving instruments included in said circuits and each having
two type-wheels keys and impression devices in said instruments, means at said
instruments for controlling said arresting devices, type-wheel shifting and impression
devices and mechanical and electrical devices at each instrument responding to
equal or varying conditions of the current in said parallel circuit by the depression
of any key at a transmitter to arrest said type-wheels at a position to present a
character thereon, as indicated by the depressed key, to the impression device,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
14. A printing telegraph system comprising type-wheel and printing batteries,
parallel and series circuits, alternating devices for alternating the current in said
parallel circuit, arresting devices for said series circuit and both devices located
intermediately in said parallel and series circuits, transmitters and receivers, escape-
ment magnets, sunflowers at the transmitters, their contacts, brushes and trailers
connected in said series circuit, keys normally in open circuit to earth and the
escapement magnets of the transmitters and receivers normally in parallel circuit
through said alternating devices and to earth, resistances at said instruments
included in said parallel circuits and a relay adapted to cut out said resistances,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
15. A printing telegraph system comprising transmitters and receivers_cach
having a shaft driven by suitable power, escapement devices on said shafts,
escapement magnets controlling polarized armatures, two type-wheels mounted on
sleeves adjustably connected with said shafts, fixed sunflower contacts and insula-
tions concentric with said shaft or shafts moving synchronously therewith, a
contact brush bearing on hubs insulated from said shafts, trailers mounted on said
hubs and adapted to sweep over said contacts, two ranges of keys electrically
connected with said sunflower contacts and with one another and normally in open
circuit, anvils and carth connections for keys of one range, anvils, a neutral relay
and earth connections to the keys of the other range, sources of electric energy,
parallel and series circuits, alternating and arresting devices located intermediately
between said transmitters and receivers and said escapement magnets actuated by
alternating currents in parallel circuit from said alternator, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
16. A printing telegraph system comprising transmitters and receivers each
having a shaft driven by suitable power, escapement devices on said shafts, escape-
ment electro-magnets controlling polarized armatures, two type-wheels mounted on
sleeves adjustably connected with said shafts, fixed sunflower contacts and insula-
tions coucentrically arranged on said shaft or on shafts moving synchronously
therewith, contact brushes bearing on hubs insulated from said shafts, trailers
mounted on said hubs and adapted to sweep over said contacts, two ranges of keys
electrically connected with said sunflower contacts and with one another and
normally in open circuit, anvils and earth connections for the keys of one range,
anvils, a neutral relay and earth connections to the keys of the other range, sources
of electric energy, parallel and series circuits, alternating and arresting devices
located intermediately between said transmitters and receivers, the said escapement
magnets actuated by alternating currents in parallel circuit from said alternator
and the series circuit normally to earth through said arresting devices at a
receiver and adapted to be connected to earth through said sunflower devices by
the keys of said transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes described.
17. A printing telegraph system comprising instruments adapted to operate
interchangeably as transmitters or receivers, escapements and polarized armatures
controlling type-wheels, electro-magnets controlling said armatures, type-wheel line

page_text: parallel circuits to earth through said magnets, a source of electric. energy having
the electrodes thereof connected through alternating devices located between said
instruments to earth thereat and in parallel circuit by said type-wheel lines and
through the escapement magnets of any two transmitters and receivers and
resistances and to earth, and means at said transmitting instruments for cutting out
said resistances, substantially as and for the purposes described.
18. A printing telegraph system comprising transmitting and receiving instruments,
type-wheels and printing lines, escapements and type-wheels, polarized armatures
controlling said type-wheels, escapement magnets, sunflowers, electrical devices and
keys adapted to be connected therewith, sources of electric energy, parallel and
series circuits therefor, current alternating, pole-changing and electro-magnetic
controlling and arresting devices located at a station between said instruments, the
electrodes of one source of energy connected through said pole-changing and
alternating device to earth at said station and in parallel circuit through said type-
wheel lines and escapement magnets to earth at any two instruments, the electrodes
of the other source of energy adapted to be connected in series through pole-
changer magnetic devices, sunflower and electrical devices and keys to earth at said
instruments, substantially as and for the purposes described.
19. A printing telegraph system, comprising transmitters and receivers having
shafts positively driven, escape-wheels and two type wheels mounted thereon,
escapement magnets and polarized armatures controlling said type-wheels, sunflower
devices, two ranges of keys adapted to be electrically connected therewith, type-
wheel and printing lines to each instrument, resistances and a double contact neutral
relay interposed in the type-wheel line at each instrument, a single contact neutral
relay included in the printing line at a transmitter between one range of keys and
earth, a short circuit for the type-wheel line through the front contact of said relay
around said resistance and said double contact relay at a transmitter, substantially
as and for the purposes described.
20. In a double line printing telegraph system, the combination with combined
transmitting and receiving instruments, of escapement magnets traversed by
alternating currents in the parallel circuit of a battery a sunflower device normally
in a series circuit of a battery, electrical devices for said sunflower, two ranges of
keys, the adjacent keys in each series connected to the same segments of said
sunflower device and normally in open circuit in said series circuit, resistances in
said parallel circuit, means for short circuiting said resistances by the depression of
a key of one of said ranges and electrical devices for interrupting said series circuit
to the other range of keys by the depression of said key, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
21. In a two line printing telegraph system, a double contact neutral relay
included in parallel circuits of a line battery to earth both at the transmitters and
receivors, in combination with a printing line battery circuit to earth at
transmitters and receivers, a type-wheel shaft, two type-wheels adjustably mounted
on the sleeve of said shaft, means for shifting said type-wheels, resistances in said
circuit, impression devices, a printing magnet, the circuit of which is closed by one
contact of said relay in parallel circuit with said resistances, a shifting magnet and
electrical devices adapted to close said printing line circuit by the other contact of
said relay. through said shifting magnet in parallel with said printing magnet and
resistances, substantially as and for the purposes described.
22. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a type-wheel line battery circuit,
a double contact neutral relay included therein, a printing line battery circuit, a
resistance therein, a printing magnet and devices, a circuit interrupter, means for
actuating the same, the printing line circuit being closed through said interrupter and
printing magnet by one contact of said relay in parallel circuit with said resistance,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
23. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a type wheel line battery circuit
resistances therein, a double contact neutral. relay included.in said circuit, a printing
line battery circuit, resistances therein, a. printing magnet and devices, a shifting

page_text: magnet and devices, a circuit interrupter, means for actuating the same, the printing
line battery circuit closed by one contact of said relay through said interrupter,
printing and shifting magnets in parallel circuit with the resistances in said printing
circuit, substantially as and for the purposes described.
24. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a type wheel line battery parallel
circuit, resistances therein, a double contact neutral relay included therein, sunflower
devices, two ranges of keys, electrical devices, a shifting and a printing magnet and
dovices, a circuit interrupter, means for actuating the same, the printing line circuit
adapted to be closed through said sunflower devices, single contact neutral relay and
resistances by one of the ranges of said keys and by said double contact neutral
relay through said interrupter, printing and shifting magnets in parallel circuit with
the resistance in said printing circuit, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
25. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a suitably driven type-wheel
shaft, mechanical and electrical devices actuated by alternating currents in the
parallel circuit of a line battery, type-wheels adjustably mounted on said shaft, a
double contact neutral relay included in said circuit, a printing battery and circuit,
sunflower devices, keys electrically connected with said devices, and resistances in
said circuit, printing and type-wheel shifting magnets and devices, impression
devices, circuit interrupting devices and means for actuating the same, said keys
adapted to close the printing circuit through said resistances and said relay adapted
to close the printing circuit in parallel through said printing and shifting magnets
in parallel circuit with said resistances, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
26. A printing telegraph system comprising a type wheel line battery and circuit,
a printing battery and circuit, alternating and arresting devices located at a central
station, indicating devices at said station, transmitting and receiving instruments,
type-wheel lines in parallel circuit to earth at said instruments, printing lines to
earth at said instruments, sunflowers and electrical devices, keys at the transmitters
connected electrically therewith in said printing battery circuit to earth and
normally open at said keys, a call-box and electrical devices adapted to be included
in said circuit, a switch in said circuit, annunciator magnets and visual signals at
said station, a local battery and circuit through the annunciator magnets at said
station, one electrode to earth at said station, and the other electrode to earth
through said printing line and adapted to interrupt the printing line through said
annunciator magnet and cause said signals to drop, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
27. A printing telegraph system comprising a type wheel line battery circuit, a
printing line battery circuit, alternating and arresting devices, located at a central
station in said circuits, indicating and registering devices at said station in the
circuit of a local battery with one electrode to earth, transmitting and receiving
instruments, type-wheel lines in parallel circuit to earth at said instruments, printing
lines normally to earth at said instruments, sunflowers and clectrical devices in said
circuit at the transmitters, keys electrically connected with said devices, a switch in
said printing line circuit turned to earth around said sunflower devices and keys, a
call-box and electrical devices adapted to be connected in said local circuit and
printing line through said registering devices to cause the number at said call box
to be indicated and a similar number of indentations to be recorded on the paper
strip of said register, substantially as and for the purposes described.
28. In a station alternating device for a printing telegraph system, the combina-
tion of a type-wheel line battery and circuit, a printing battery and circuit, a
frictionally driven shaft, alternating devices, unison devices and a unison
contact disc with a single contact at unison position mounted thereon, a disc
connected to said contact and insulated from said shaft, insulated springs
bearing on said discs, an unison magnet, a detent, a pole-changer magnet, a pole
changer in the circuit of said alternator and type-wheel line batiery, a short
circuit around said pole-changer magnet and through said springs, contact and

page_text: disc, transmitters and receivers, sunflower devices, a key adapted to be connected
in said printing battery circuit and operating to short circuit said pole changer
magnet, release said unison device and arrest said alternator, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
29. In a call system for a printing telegraph, the combination of a local battery
and circuit at a station, one electrode to earth at said station, annunciator magnets
included in multiple arc in said circuit, visual signals, registering and magnetic
devices adapted to be connected in said circuit, transmitting and receiving instru-
ments, lines thereto normally to earth at said instruments, switching devices, call
boxes at said instruments, shafts and actuating devices in said boxes, electrical
devices, indices and numerals, discs on said shafts, said discs notched at the zero
position, automatic switches operated by said discs with the said transmitter line to
earth, said discs adapted to be turned to include said electrical devices in the circuit
of said battery and to indicate at said station the call sent by any transmitter
substantially as and for the purposes described.
30. In a call box for a printing telegraph, the combination of a shaft suitably
driven, a circuit-wheel thereon, numerals corresponding to the contacts on said
wheel, an index finger, a disc notched at zero position, an insulated pivoted switch-
lever having a V-projection bearing on said disc, a retracting spring and insulating
contacts for said lever, transmitting instruments having sunflower devices and keys,
line circuits of a local battery at a central station connected to said lever and
adapted to be connected through one of said contacts with said circuit wheel and
through the other of said contacts with said sunflower devices and keys, substan-
tially as and for the purposes described.
31. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a local battery and circuit,
one electrode to earth at a central station, annunciator magnets at said station in
multiple arc, in said circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments, conductors
normally connected through said magnets and to earth at said instruments, electro-
magnetic registering devices at said station in a branch circuit of said battery,
key levers with two contacts, each lever normally in said circuit with one of said
conductors through a back contact and adapted by the depression of said lever to
break said circuit and close said branch circuit through a front contact, and through
said registering devices and one of said conductors, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
32. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a local battery and
circuit, one electrode to earth at a station, annunciator magnets at said station in
multiple arc, in said circuit, transmitting and receiving instruments, conductors
normally connected through said magnets and to earth at said instruments, bell and
registering devices at said station in a branch circuit of said battery, key levers
with two contacts, each lever normally in said circuit with one of said conductors
through a back contact and adapted by the depression of said lever to interrupt
said circuit and close said branch circuit through a front contact and through said
registering device and one of said conductors, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
33. A double line printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy
at a station, parallel and series circuits, electro-magnetic and mechanical devices at
said station, for simultaneously alternating the direction of the current in the parallel
circuit, electrical arresting and unison devices in the series circuit for arresting
said alternator, transmitting and receiving instruments, a sunflower, trailer and
contact springs included in said series circuit, at a transmitter, electro-magnetic
devices included in said parallel circuits at a transmitter and receiver, type-wheel
shafts in said instruments positively driven by suitable power and controlled by
said electro-magnetic devices, two type-wheels adjustably mounted on each of said
shafts, electrical and mechanical devices at said instruments adapted to shift said
type-wheels and to effect impressions, and keys and a relay included in said series
circuit to short circuit a resistance in said parallel circuit through a contact of said
relay at the transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes described.

page_text: 34. A double line printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric
energy at a station, parallel and series circuits, electro-magnetic and mechanical:
devices at said station for simultaneously alternating the direction of the current in
the parallel circuit, electrical arresting and unison devices in the series circuit for
arresting said alternator, transmitting and receiving instruments, a sunflower, trailer
and a relay included in said series circuit at a transmitter, electro-magnetic devices
included in said parallel circuits at a transmitter and receiver, type-wheel shafts in
said instruments positively driven by suitable power and controlled by said electro-
magnetic devices, two type-wheels adjustably mounted on each of said shafts, an
unison device mounted on said shaft, electrical and mechanical devices at said
instruments adapted to adjust said type-wheels and to effect impressions, and keys
included in said series circuit to short circuit a resistance in said parallel circuit at
a transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes described.
35. A double line printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy
at a station, parallel and series circuits therefor, electro-magnetic and mechanical
devices at said station for simultaneously alternating the direction of the current in
the parallel circuit, electrical and mechanical devices included in the series circuit
to arrest the alternator, transmitting and receiving instruments, a sunflower-device
included in said series circuit at a transmitter, electro-magnetic devices included in
said parallel circuit at a transmitter and receiver, type-wheel shafts in said instru-
ments positively driven and controlled by said electro-magnetic devices, a unison
device, two type-wheels adjustably mounted on each of said shafts, electrical and
mechanical devices at said instruments adapted to adjust said type-wheels and to
effect impressions and keys and a relay included in said series circuit to short circuit
resistances interposed in said parallel circuit at the transmitter, substantially as
and for the purposes described.
36. A printing telegraph system comprising a station alternator mounted on a
shaft frictionally driven by suitable power, springs bearing on contacts and
insulations in said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer and its
actuating magnet, a printing line battery and circuit, a polarized relay, a local
battery and circuit, escapement magnets included therein, a neutral armature
actuating escapement pallets, the electrodes of the type-wheel battery connected
through the contacts and lever of the pole-changer to springs of said alternator, one
spring connected to earth at said station and the other spring connected in circuit
through said polarized relay and then in parallel circuit by two lines to earth,
transmitters and receivers having escapement magnets with polarized armatures,
sunflowers at the transmitters, provided with brushes, trailers and contacts and
open circuit keys, said pole-changer magnet included in said printing line battery
circuit, and the escapement magnets of the transmitter and receiver included in
said parallel circuits and operating to automatically control the escapement of said
alternator by said polarized relay and local circuit and to arrest said alternator by
the depression of any key of said transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
37. A printing telegraph system comprising a station alternator and an unison
device mounted on a shaft frictionally driven by suitable power, springs bearing on
contacts and insulations of said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer,
an unison releasing device and its actuating magnets, a printing line battery circuit,
a polarized relay, a local battery and circuit, escapement magnets included therein,
a neutral armature actuating escapement pallets, the electrodes of the type-wheel
battery connected with the contacts and lever of said pole-changer and the springs
of said alternator, one spring connected to earth at said station, and one spring in
circuit with the polarized relay magnets thereat and in parallel circuit to trans-
mitting and receiving instruments and to earth, said instruments provided with
polarized armature escapement magnets, the transmitters having open circuit keys
and a sunflower device with brush, trailer and contacts, said pole-changer and
unison magnets included in said printing circuit and the escapement magnets of the
transmitter and receiver included in said parallel circuits, operating to automatically

page_text: control the escapement of said alternator by said polarized relay and local circuit,
and to arrest said alternator and release said unison device by the depression of any
key of said transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes described.
38. A printing telegraph system comprising a station alternator and an unison
device mounted on a shaft frictionally driven, springs bearing on contacts and
insulations of said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer, a unison
device and releasing mechanism therefor, a printing line battery, the pole-changer
and unison magnets included in the printing line, a polarized armature, escapement
devices included in the type-wheel line, said line connected in parallel to receiving
and transmitting instruments and to earth, said instruments provided with polarized
armature escapement magnets, the transmitters having open circuit keys and a
sunflower device with brush, trailer and contacts, the escapement magnets of the
alternator included in the type-wheel line and operating to automatically control
the escapements of said alternator by said polarized armature escapement magnets,
to arrest said alternator, and a magnet to release said unison device by the
depression of any key of said transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
39. A printing telegraph system comprising transmitters and receivers, each
having a shaft driven by suitable power, escapement devices on said shafts, escape-
ment electro-magnets controlling polarized armatures, two type-wheels mounted on
sleeves adjustably connected with said shafts, fixed sunflower contacts and insulations
concentrically arranged with relation to said shaft or shafts moving synchronously
therewith, contact brushes bearing on hubs insulated from said shafts, trailers
mounted on said hubs and adapted to sweep over said contacts, two ranges of keys
electrically connected with said sunflower contacts and with one another and
normally in open circuit, anvils and earth connections for the keys of one range,
anvils a neutral relay and earth connections to the keys of the other range, sources
of electric energy, parallel and series circuits, alternating and arresting devices
located intermediately between said transmitters and receivers, the said escape-
ment magnets being actuated by alternating currents in parallel circuit from said
alternator, substantially as and for the purposes described.
40. A printing telegraph system comprising transmitting and receiving instru-
ments each having a shaft driven by suitable power, escapement devices on said
shafts, escapement electro-magnets controlling polarized armatures, two type-wheels
mounted on sleeves adjustably connected with said shafts, fixed sunflower contacts
and insulations concentrically arranged with relation to said shaft or shafts moving
synchronously therewith, contact bi ushes bearing cn hubs insulated from said shafts,
trailers mounted on said hubs and adapted to sweep over said contacts, two series
of keys clectrically connected with said sunflower contacts and normally in open
circuit, anvils and earth connections in circuit with one series of keys, anvils, a
neutral relay and earth connections to the keys of the other series, sources of
electric energy, parallel and series circuits, alternating and arresting devices located
intermediately between said transmitters and receivers, the said escapement magnets
actuated by alternating currents in parallel circuit from said alternator and
resistances in said parallel circuits at the transmitters and receivers, substantially
as and for the purposes described.
41. A printing telegraph system comprising transmitting and receiving instruments
each having a shaft driven by suitable power, escapement devices on said shafts,
escapement electro-magnets controlling polarized armatures, two type-wheels
mounted on sleeves adjustably connected with said shafts, fixed sunflower contacts
and insulations concentrically arranged with reference to said shaft or shafts moving
synchronously therewith, contact brushes bearing on hubs insulated from said
shaft, trailers mounted on said hubs and adapted to sweep over said contacts, two
series of keys electrically connected with said sunflower contacts and normally in
open circuit, anvils and earth connections in circuit with one series of keys, anvils,
a neutral relay and earth connections in circuit with the other series of keys, sources
of electric energy, parallel and series circuits, alternating and arresting devices

page_text: located intermediately between said transmitters and receivers, the said escapement-
magnets actuated by alternating currents in parallel circuit from said alternator,
said series circuit normally to earth through said arresting devices at a receiver,
resistances in said parallel circuit, at the transmitters and receivers, and adapted to
be connected to earth through said sunflower devices and anvils and keys in one
series and through anvils and said relay by keys in the other series, and the said relay
operating to cut out said resistances at a transmitter, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
42. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a type-wheel line battery
and circuit, a printing line battery and circuit, alternating and arresting devices
located at a central station, indicating devices at said station, transmitting and
receiving instruments, type-wheel lines in parallel circuit to earth at said instruments,
a printing line to earth at said instruments, sunflowers and electrical devices, keys
at transmitters connected electrically with said sunflowers in said circuit to earth
and normally open, a call-box and electrical devices adapted to be included in said
circuit, a switch in said circuit, annunciator magnets and visual signals at said
station, a local battery and circuit through said annunciator magnets, one electrode
to earth at said station, one electrode to earth through said printing line, operating
by means of said switch to interrupt the printing line through said annunciator
magnet and cause a visual signal to be given, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
43. A printing telegraph system comprising a station alternator and a unison
device mounted on a shaft frictionally driven, springs bearing on contacts_and
insulations on said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer and its
magnetic devices, a printing line battery, a polarized relay, a local battery and
circuit, escapement magnets included therein, a neutral armature adapted to actuate
escapement pallets, the electrodes of the type-wheel line battery connected through
the contacts and lever of the pole-changer to springs of said alternator and to earth
at said station and through said polarized relay in parallel circuit by two lines to
earth, transmitters and receivers having escapement magnets and polarized armature
escapements controlling type-wheels, sunflower devices at the transmitter provided
with brushes, trailers and contacts, open circuit keys, the escapement magnets of a
transmitter and a receiver included in parallel circuit adapted to automatically
control the escapement of said alternator by the polarized relay and local circuit and
to simultaneously arrest said alternator and the type-wheels of transmitter and
receiver by the depression of any key of said transmitter, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
44. A printing telegraph system comprising a station alternator and a unison
device mounted on a shaft frictionally driven, springs bearing on contacts and
insulations on said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer, a unison
releasing device and its magnetic devices, a printing line battery, a polarized relay, a
local battery and circuit, escapement magnets included therein, a neutral armature
adapted to actuate escapement pallets, the electrodes of the type-wheel line battery
connected through the contacts and lever of the pole-changer to springs of said
alternator and to earth at said station and through said polarized relay and in
parallel circuit by two lines to earth, transmitters and receivers having escapement
magnets and polarized armatures, sunflower devices at the transmitters provided
with brushes, trailers and contacts, open circuit keys, the escapement magnets of
transmitter and receiver included in parallel circuit of said type-wheel line battery
adapted to automatically control the escapement of said alternator by the polarized
relay and local circuit and to arrest said alternator by the depression of any key of
said transmitters, substantially as and for the purposes described.
45. A printing telegraph system comprising a station alternator and a unison
device mounted on a shaft frictionally driven, springs bearing on contacts and
insulations on said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer, a unison
releasing device and its magnetic devices, a printing line battery, escapement
magnets included in said type-wheel line battery, a polarized armature actuating
c

page_text: escapement pallets, the electrodes of the type-wheel line battery connected through
the contacts and lever of the pole-changer to springs of said alternator and to earth
at said station and through said escapement magnets and in parallel circuit by two
lines to earth, transmitters and receivers having escapement magnets and polarized
armatures, sunflower devices at the transmitters provided with brushes, trailers and
contacts, open circuit keys, the escapement magnets of a transmitter and a receiver
included in said parallel circuit adapted to automatically control the escapement of
said alternator and arrest the same by the depression of any key of said transmitter,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
46. A printing telegraph system comprising a station alternator and a unison
device mounted on a frictionally driven shaft, springs bearing on contacts and
insulations on said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer and its
magnetic devices, a printing line battery, escapement magnets included in said
printing line battery circuit, a polarized armature actuating escapement pallets, the
electrodes of the type-wheel line connected through the contacts and lever of the
pole-changer to springs of said alternator, one spring connected to earth at said
station, and the other spring connected through said escapements and in parallel
circuit to earth, transmitters and receivers having escapement magnets, escapements
and type-wheels, sunflower devices at the transmitters provided with brushes, trailers
and contacts, open circuit keys, the escapement magnets of a transmitter and a
receiver included in parallel circuit adapted to control the escapement of said
alternator and to simultaneously arrest the same and the type-wheels of said trans-
mitter and receiver by the depression of any key of said transmitter, substantially
as and for the purposes described.
47. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, an alternator and a unison
device mounted on a frictionally driven shaft, springs bearing on contacts and
insulations on said alternator, a type-wheel line battery, a pole-changer, its magnetic
devices included in a printing line battery circuit, escapement magnets in said type-
wheel line, a polarized armature adapted to operate pallets, the electrodes of the
type-wheel line battery connected through the contacts and lever of the pole-changer
to springs of said alternator, one spring connected to earth at said station, the other
spring connected in parallel circuit to earth, transmitters and receivers provided
with escapement magnets included in said parallel circuit, sunflower devices with
their brushes, trailers and contacts, normally open circuit keys, the said pole-changer
magnet and the escapement magnets of said alternator adapted to control the
escapement of the alternator and release the unison device by the depression of a
key of a transmitter, substantially as and for the purposes described.
48. A printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy, type-
wheel and printing line circuits, an alternator and pole-changer for alternating the
direction of the current in the type-wheel line, an unison device on the alternator
shaft and releasing devices therefor, arresting devices for said alternator, receiving
and transmitting instruments in parallel in said type-wheel line circuit and in series
in the printing line, sunflower devices and open circuit keys at the transmitting
instrument and arresting devices for the type-wheel shafts at said receiving and
transmitting instruments, unison devices mounted on the type-wheel shafts and
releasing mechanism therefor, substantially as and for the purposes described.
49. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, sources of electric energy,
printing and type-wheel line circuits, an alternator and pole-changer at said station
for alternating the direction of current in the type-wheel line, a polarized relay in
the type-wheel line, local battery circuits adapted to operate neutral escapement
magnets to arrest said alternator, the magnets of the pole-changer included in the
printing line circuit, a magnetic unison releasing device controlled by the printing
line circuit and a unison cut out on the alternator shaft, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
50. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, sources of electric energy,
printing and type-wheel line circuits, an alternator and pole-changer and the
magnets thereof interposed in the printing line circuit, a magnetic unison releasing

page_text: device in said printing line circuit, a polarized armature escapement magnet included
in the type-wheel line and adapted to arrest the alternator, transmitting and
receiving instruments having polarized armature escapement magnets included in
parallel in the type-wheel line, sunflower devices and open circuit keys at said
instruments connected in series with the printing line circuit, substantially as and
for the purposes described.
51. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line circuits, an alternator, its shaft and escape wheel, a pole-changer, a polarized
relay included in said type-wheel line circuit, a local battery circuit, neutral escape-
ment magnets, their armature and pallets, the said magnets adapted to be included
in said local battery circuit by the contacts of said polarized relay to automatically
control said alternator, transmitting and receiving instruments provided with
polarized armature escapement magnets included in parallel in the type-wheel line
circuit, substantially as and for the purposes described.
52. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line circuits, an alternator, its shaft and escape-wheel, a pole-changer, a polarized
relay included in said type-wheel line circuit, a local battery circuit, neutral
escapement magnets, their armature and pallets, the said magnets adapted to be
included in said local battery circuit by the contacts of said polarized relay to
automatically control said alternator, transmitting and receiving instruments having
polarized armature escapement inagnets and double contact neutral relays included
in parallel in said type-wheel line circuit, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
53. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line circuits, an alternator, its shaft and escape-wheel, a pole-changer, a polarized
relay included in said type-wheel line circuit, a local battery circuit, neutral
escapement magnets, their armature and pallets adapted to be included in said local
battery circuit by the contacts of said polarized relay, to automatically control said
alternator, transmitting and receiving instruments, polarized armature escapement
magnets and double contact neutral relays included in parallel in said type-wheel
line circuit and a relay included in the printing line circuit at each instrument for
short circuiting one of said relays by the depression of any key at the transmitter,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
54. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line circuits, an alternator, its shaft and escape-wheel, a pole-changer for alternating
the direction of current in the type-wheel line, a polarized relay included in said
type-wheel line circuit, local battery circuits, neutral escapement magnets, their
armature and pallets, the said magnets adapted to be included in said local battery
circuit by the contacts of said polarized relay to control said alternator, transmitting
and receiving instruments, polarized armature escapement magnets, double contact
neutral relays included in parallel in sail type-wheel line circuit, a relay included
in the printing line circuit between a key, anvil and an earth connection, a sun-
flower device and open circuit keys in the printing line, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
55. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line battery circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments having polarized
armature escapement magnets and neutral relays included in parallel in the type-
wheel line circuits, resistances interposed in said line between said relays and earth
connections, a relay in the printing line circuit adapted to short circuit one of said
relays at a transmitter, sunflower contacts, a brush and a trailer, open circuit keys
interposed in the printing line circuit, a switch and resistance in the type-wheel
lines to vary the strength of the current in said parallel line circuits, substantially
as and for the purposes described.
56. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments, polarized armature escapement
magnets and double contact neutral relays and resistances interposed in said type-

page_text: wheel line, sunflower devices with contacts, brushes and trailers, open circuit keys,
interrupters and a relay included in the printing line and the said relay short
circuited by the depression of a key at a transmitter, substantially as and for the
purposes described.
57. A printing telegraph system comprising a station having an alternator, pole-
changer and magnetic arresting devices, printing and type-wheel line circuits,
transmitting and receiving instruments, polarized armature escapement magnets
included in the type-wheel line circuit, magnetic arresting devices in parallel in the
type-wheel line circuit to automatically control the alternator at said station and
the type-wheel shafts at the instruments, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
58. A printing telegraph system comprising a station provided with an alternator,
a pole-changer and a magnetic escapement and arresting device, printing and type-
wheel line circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments, polarized armature
escapement magnets included in parallel lines from the magnetic escapement device
at the station to automatically control the alternator at said station and the
type-wheel shafts of said instruments, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
59. A printing telegraph system comprising a frictionally driven type-wheel
shaft, mechanical and electrical devices actuated by alternating currents in parallel
circuit of a line battery, type-wheels adjustably mounted on said shaft, double con-
tact relays included in parallel circuit of said battery, a printing battery and circuit,
resistances included therein, printing and type-wheel shifting magnetic devices,
impression devices, sunflower devices, keys electrically connected with said devices
and adapted to close said printing battery circuit through said resistances, said
relays adapted to close the printing circuit in parallel through said printing and
shifting magnets in parallel with said resistances and a single contact relay adapted
to cut out resistance and one of said double contact neutral relays in one branch of
said type-wheel line parallel circuit, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
60. A double line printing telegraph system comprising sources of electric energy
at a station, combined transmitting and receiving instruments, escapement magnets
traversed by alternating currents in parallel of a battery circuit, a sunflower device
normally in a series circuit of a battery, electrical devices for said sunflower device,
two ranges of keys, adjacent keys in each series connected to the same segments of
said sunflower device and normally open in said series circuit, resistances in said
parallel circuit, means for short circuiting said resistances by the depression of a
key of said ranges, electrical devices for interrupting said series circuit to the other
range of keys by the depression of said key, unison magnetic devices at the trans-
mitters and receivers, unison devices at said station, the keys of the transmitters
adapted to permit of the closing of the printing circuit and simultaneously of the
release of the unison devices at the alternating station and of the instruments
included in circuit, substantially as and for the purposes described.
61. A printing telegraph system comprising an alternator, magnetic escapement
and unison devices at a station, printing and type-wheel line circuits, transmitting
and receiving instruments having escapement devices and double contact relays
included in parallel in the type-wheel line, open circuit keys, a sunflower device with
contacts, brush and trailer, an interrupter, resistance and a switch included in the
printing line circuit, the double contact relay adapted to close a parallel circuit of
the printing line in parallel with the resistance through the printing magnet and the
shifting magnet, substantially as and for the purposes described.
62. A printing telegraph system comprising an alternator, magnetic escapement
and unison devices at a station, printing and type-wheel line circuits, transmitting
and receiving instruments having escapement devices and double contact relays
included in parallel in the type-wheel line, open circuit keys, relays to short circuit
the double contact relay at a transmitter, sunflower devices with contacts, brushes

page_text: and trailers, resistances and switches included in the printing line circuit, the double
contact relays adapted to close parallel circuits of the printing line through the
resistances, the printing and shifting magnets, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
63. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments having polarized armature
escapement magnets and double contact neutral relays and resistances included in
parallel circuits of the type-wheel line and the said neutral relays adapted to close
parallel circuits of the printing line to actuate the printing mechanism, substantially
as and for the purposes described.
64. A printing telegraph system comprising a station, printing and type-wheel
line circuits, transmitting and receiving instruments having polarized armature
escapement magnets and a double contact relay and resistances included in the
type-wheel line, resistances, an interrupter and switch included in the printing line,
the neutral double contact relay adapted to close a parallel circuit through said
resistance of the printing line to actuate the printing devices, substantially as and
for the purposes described.
65. A printing telegraph system comprising a station having an alternator and
arresting devices, printing and type-wheel line circuits, transmitting and receiving
instruments having arresting devices responding to currents in parallel lines from
the arresting devices at the station for automatically controlling the alternator and
type-wheels, double contact relays included in said parallel lines and adapted
to close a parallel circuit of the printing line through a resistance and the printing
magnet to effect impressions, substantially as and for the purposes described.
66. A printing telegraph system comprising an alternator, magnetic escapement
and unison devices at a station, printing and type wheel line circuits, transmitting
and receiving instruments having escapement devices and double contact relays
included in parallel in the type-wheel line, open circuit keys, a sunflower device
with contacts, brush and trailer, an interrupter, resistance and a switch included in
the printing line circuits, the double contact relay adapted to close a parallel circuit
of the printing line through the resistance and the printing magnet, substantially as
and for the purposes described.
DL -་་ 1
ML 1001