IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF TEXTILE OR FIBROUS Threads, AND FOR THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the
Invention of "IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF TEXTILE OR FIBROUS Threads,
AND FOR THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.”—A com-
munication from abroad by Albert Snoeck and Emile de Labarre,
of Ensival, Belgium, Manufacturers.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 27th January 1873.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes & Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF TEXTILE OR FIBROUS
THREADS, AND FOR THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Albert Snoeck and Emilc de Labarre,
of Ensival, Belgium, Manufacturers, to be as follows :—
In each case the combination consists of a thread of wool or other
fibrous material having twisted upon it at any desired distances apart

page_text: pieces of other threads of one or more different colours and lengths.
The main threads of any colour are beamed on a beam, from which they
pass to a grooved cylinder or revolving comb, and from thence between
an endless apron and friction roller to a taking up beam.
The threads of which portions have to be held to and afterwards
twisted upon the main threads are wound on a beam or roller, and
pass by surface motion imparted by a driving roller through a comb or
reed to a small roller having the same surface space as the driving roller
and weighted by a roller upon it.
The small roller is in contact with the friction roller, and nearly so
with the endless apron, and when different surface speeds are given to
these two rollers portions of threads are broken off squeezed upon the
main threads by the friction roller and apron, and pass on with the main
threads to the taking-on beam, from which they pass to any spinning or
twisting machine to have the additional picces twisted on the main
threads.
Instead of causing the pieces of the additional threads to be broken
off by the different speeds of the rollers intermittent motion can be
given to the rollers for effecting the same object, and also instead of
breaking off the pieces of threads by rollers independent of the revolving
comb they can be broken by a roller in connection with with the comb
by giving it and the roller different surface speeds, the comb carrying the
broken pieces to the main threads and between the friction roller and
endless apron to the taking-on beam.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th July 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in
thic year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
3

page_text: the thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her
special licence that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Thomas
Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED COMBINATIONS OF TEXTILE OR FIBROUS THEEADS, AND FOR THE
MACHINERY OF APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," a communication to me
from abroad by Albert Snocck and Emile de Labarre, of Ensival,
Belgium, Manufacturers, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Figures on the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the letters of reference marked
thercon (that is to say):--
In cach case the combination consists of a roving or thread of wool
or other fibrous material having twisted upon it at any desired distanco
apart pieces of other rovings or threads of another colour.
The parts
of the finished thread composed of two threads twisted together, and
also the spaces between them consisting of a single thread, are of greater
or lesser, equal or unequal lengths, according to the effect desired to be
obtained, and the spaces can be arranged so that one twisted part can be
near the second, and the second a greater distance from the third, which
may be a still greater distance from the fourth, and so on as required.
This new combination of threads can also be composed of three or more
colours; thus upon a black roving or thread a piece of white roving or
thread may first be twisted, then a piece of red, then a piece of green,
and so on, varied indefinitely as desired.

page_text: To obtain these combinations of threads two arrangements of machinery
or apparatus are employed, one shewn in Fig. 1 and the other in Fig. 2
on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In Fig. 1 T represents the driving drum of the machine; P, a revolving
coniber; p, a doffing comb; F, a friction roller; K, K, K, an endless
apron; g, a reed or thread guide; and D, a taking-up beam on which
are wound continuous rovings or threads having combinations of other
rovings or threads.
In the Drawing two taking-up beams, and apparatus communicating
with them, are shown; but as the various working parts of each divisiou 1
are similar the upper one only is described, and in part of the apparatus
there is a roller R, a reed or guide G for the rovings or threads, and two
rollers A, B. The roller R has continuous or intermittent revolving
motion imparted to it by means of a strap and pulleys, or by gearing,
eccentrics, ratchet wheels, or any other suitable contrivance. The 1
roller A communicates direct with the roller R, so that the surface
speeds of both rollers shall be the same, and the roller B rests upon the
roller A, and is caused by it to revolve.
In order to understand the operation of the machine it may be sup-
posed that it is desired to obtain a blue thread having twisted upon it at
certain distances apart pieces of red thread. The blue roving or thread
is placed on a beam in the usual manner, and as the beam revolves the
roving or thread passes onwards, and is wound on the taking-up roller D.
So far there is no difference from the ordinary method of procedure;
but in addition to this there is placed on the roller R a bobbin, spool, or
beam G having wound on it as many ends of red rovings or threads as
the continuous ends of bluc threads, and the rollers A and R are made
to revolve at a continuous surface speed one half less for example than
the surface speed of the friction roller F. The guide G is so placed that
cach roving or thread from the bobbin, spool, or beam G' corresponds
with a roving or thread coming from the comber, and the friction roller
rolls a blue and red together, but the latter is soon broken in the space
comprised between the point of contact of the endless apron and the
friction roller and the point of contact of the rollers A and B. Tho
rollers A and R continuing to turn the red end being drawn by the
endless apron is quickly scized by the friction roller, which rolls it with
the blue roving or throad and afterwards broaks it. Thus cach roving
.

page_text: or thread which is wound on the taking-up beam D is formed alternately
of parts entirely blue, and blue parts having rolled or impressed upon
them pieces of red roving or thread, and this combination of red pieces
on a continuous blue roving or thread is afterwards spun in the ordinary
manner, and gives by twisting and stretching the description of combined
threads constitution the Invention.
The distance between the twisted pieces and also their lengths can be
varied to any desired extent by augmenting or diminishing the speed of
the rollers R and A, or by giving a regular or irregular revolving motion
instead of a continuous one.
If it is desired to obtain a thread having upon it twisted pieces of
three or four colours, two or three pairs of rollers A and B are required,
and as many carrying rollers R as can turn and allow the repose of first
onc and then another division of the apparatus; and the revolving
motion of the rollers in cach division causes the different pieces of
additional rovings or threads to correspond with the shades or colours of
thic rovings or threads unrolled from the bobbins, spools, or beams; and
when desired instead of twisting the threads and picces together in a
spinning machine they can be twisted by hand in any suitable
apparatus.
In the second arrangement of machinery shewn in Fig. 2, used for
the combinations of rovings or threads, there are two taking-up bobbins,
spools, or beams, and two varictics of apparatus in connection or communi-
cation with them. T represents the driving drum of the machine P;
2 and p', doffing combs; F and F, friction rollers; K, K, K, and
k¹, k¹, k¹, k¹, endless aprons; 7 and 9', reeds or guides for the rovings or
threads; and D and D', taking-up beams on which are wound the con-
tinuous roving or threads with the pieces of other rovings or threads
pressed upon them. At the upper part of the machine there is a carrying
roller R, a roving or thread guide G, two rollers A and B, and a
roller H, and the roller R has continuous or intermittent motion im-
parted to it from any driving shaft of the machine. The roller A has
the same surface movement as the roller R, and the roller B rests upon
the roller A, and is put in motion by it and the roller H, which may be
plain or covered with brushes, cards, or any other material, turns in the
direction indicated by the arrow at a surface speed at least equal to the
combor P.

page_text: In order to understand the operation of the machine it may be sup>
posed that it is desired to obtain a continuous blue thread having twisted
upon it pieces of red thread. On the carrying roller R is placed a
bobbin, spool, or beam G', having as many ends of red rovings or
threads as there are blue rovings or threads passing from the beam ou
which they are wound and over the comber. The red rovings or
threads pass through the reed or thread guide G¹, and between the
rollers A, B, the guide being so situated that the rovings or threads
coming from it can be placed on the revolving comber P, and the
roller takes pieces of the roving or thread from the rollers A, B,
and impresses it into the card or other surface of the comber.
It will be easily understood that if the surface speed of the rollers A
and B is less that the roller II, the latter will break the roving or
thread and impregnate it piece by piece on the comber; the length of
the pieces and also the spaces between them being greater or less
according to the continuous or intermittent surface speeds of the
rollers R, A, and B.
The effect produced by the roller I can also be obtained by a brush
or other surface having a vertical or oblique alternate motion, which
tears or breaks off the pieces of roving or thread, furnished by the
rollers A and B, and impregnates them in the comber at the points of
contact of the comber and the roller H, the pieces of red being broken
off and carried round by the comber to unite with the continuous blue
roving or thread; the combination being doffed or detached by the
doffing combs and p³, and passed between the endless apron and
friction roller, thereby producing the thread or roving to be wound on
thic taking-up bobbin, spool, or beam, to be afterwards spun into threads
having combinations of pieces of other threads of any required colours
or lengths.

page_text: 100, 101 the purpose of obtaining great
varietics in the threads afterwards spun or twisted, as such improve-
ments are herein described and illustrated on the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Twenty-sixth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.