A Process for the Manufacture of Metallic Carbides.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Process for the Manufacture of Metallic Carbides.
We, CHRISTIAN DIESLER, Chemist, and FRANZ DIECKMANN, Merchant, both of
Coblence-on-Rhine, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The present invention designates a process according to which metallic carbides
are manufactured in ovens where a vacuum has been produced, for instance, in
retorts.
For the production of these carbides, metallic carbonates are used. They are
finely pulverized and mixed with coal-dust (charcoal, coke, anthracite) in the
proportion of 18 parts in weight of metallic carbonates to 7 parts of coal.
This mixture is compressed into small cubes, and to facilitate the combination
and compression, an agglutinant, such as pitch or coal-tar, may be added
to it.
The cubes thus prepared are placed in the retorts which are heated after the
vacuum has been produced. Earthen or iron retorts may be employed. Earthen
retorts must be made of fire-clay and lined inside with a layer of graphite or
coal, as also must the iron retorts.
Each retort has two openings, one at the bottom communicating with a tank
which can be heated separately, the other at the top which communicates with
an air-pump.
The retorts filled with cubes thus prepared are heated at the same time as the
air-pump produces the vacuum. As soon as the temperature in the retort has
exceeded 900° Centigrade, the air-pump begins to work again and draws the
disengaged gas.
Then the cock which communicates the air-pump with the retort, is shut and
the latter is filled with hot carbonic acid or with hot monoxide of carbon coming
from the reservoir heated separately.
After one or two hours these gases are exhausted and alternately substituted by
other hot gases until the lime begins to liquefy and combines with the coal.
As we know, monoxide of carbon has a great tendency to combine with oxygen;
this action is favoured by the alternate exhaustion of the gas produced, and by
the repeated admission of monoxide of carbon.
The pressure in the retort must not exceed two atmospheres and the temperature
must not be above 1200° Centigrade.
The heat necessary for the melting of the carbonate of lime may also be pro-
duced by the electric current. Here also hermetically closed retorts must be
used and also an air-pump for the alternate evacuation and admission of the
carbonic acid and of the monoxide of carbon.
The exhausted gases may be used again after cooling down and purifying.
Dated this 26th day of February 1898.
•

page_text: A Process for the Manufacture of Metallic Carbides.
We, CHRISTIAN DIESLER, Chemist, and FRANZ DIECKMANN, Merchant, both of
Coblence-on-Rhine, in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement: -—
The present invention designates a process according to which metallic carbides
are manufactured in ovens where a vacuum has been produced, for instance, in
retorts.
:
For the production of these carbides, metallic carbonates are used. They are
finely pulverized and mixed with coal-dust (charcoal, coke, anthracite) in the
proportion of eighteen parts in weight of metallic carbonates to seven parts of coal.
This mixture is compressed into small cubes, and to facilitate the combination
and compression, an agglutinant, such as pitch or coal-tar, may be added
to it.
The cubes thus prepared are placed in the retorts which are heated after the
vacuum has been produced. Earthen or iron retorts may be employed. Earthen
retorts must be made of fire-clay and lined inside with a layer of graphite or
coal, as also must the iron retorts.
Each retort has two openings, one at the bottom communicating with a tank
which can be heated separately, the other at the top which communicates with
an air-pump.
The retorts filled with cubes thus prepared are heated at the same time as the
air-pump produces the vacuum. As soon as the the temperature in the retort has
exceeded 900° Centigrade, the air-pump begins to work again and draws the
disengaged gas.
Then the cock which communicates the air-pump with the retort is shut and
the latter is filled with hot carbonic acid or with hot monoxide of carbon coming
from the reservoir heated separately.
After one or two hours these gases are exhausted and alternately substituted by
other hot gases until the lime begins to liquefy and combines with the coal.
As we know, monoxide of carbon has a great tendency to combine with oxygen;
this action is favoured by the alternate exhaustion of the gas produced, and by
the repeated admission of monoxide of carbon.
The pressure in the retort must not exceed two atmospheres and the temperature
must not be above 1200° Centigrade.
The heat necessary for the melting of the carbonate of lime may also be pro-
duced by the electric current. Here also hermetically closed retorts must be
used and also an air-pump for the alternate evacuation and admission of the
carbonic acid and of the monoxide of carbon.
The exhausted gases may be used again after cooling down and purifying.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
-
1. The process for the production or manufacture of metallic carbides signalized
by the mixture of metallic carbonates and pulverized coaldust, the pressure of
the mixture into cubes, placing the same in retorts, which, made air-tight, are
submitted to dry distillation from outside or inner heating or both, substantially
as herein described.

page_text: 2. In a process for the manufacture of metallic carbides, the arrangements,
operations and series of actions, substantially as herein described in the above
specification for the purpose specified.
Dated this 4th day of November 1898.
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for the Applicants.