A MODE OR ART OF MANUFACTURING AND SPINNING YARN DIFFERENT FROM ANY SUCH NOW IN USE
Year: 1804

page_text: HUDDART'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEгn
HUDDART, of Highbury Terrace, in the Parish of Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster on or about the Twenty-first day of September, in the forty-fourth
year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Huddart, my
exors, admors, and assigns, His special licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Joseph Huddart, my exors, adññiors, and assigns,
during the term of fourteen years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend the Invention therein mentioned, to wit, "A
MODE OR ART OF MANUFACTURING AND SPINNING YARN DIFFERENT FROM ANY
SUCH NOW IN USE," within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and also in all the Colonies and Plantations abroad, in such
manner as to me, the said Joseph Huddart, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, or
any of them, should seem meet, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said
licence, powers, privileges, and advantages therein granted unto me, the said
Joseph Huddart, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, for and during and unto the
full end and term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent
next and immediately cusuing, and fully to be compleat and ended, according
to the Statute in such case made and provided; in which said Letters Patent
there is, amongst other things, contained a proviso that if I, the said Josephi
Huddart, should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument

page_text: in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in the
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent,
and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly
cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said recited Letters
Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Huddart, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, as follows,
that is to say:-
This Invention consists in a new mode of manufacturing and spinning yarn
from hemp, flax, and other fibrous articles, as hercin-after described, the
advantage whereof is, that the fibres are laid in the yarn without being
doubled, and as nearly as possible at their full length, and at the same
time without any superfluous consumption of the raw material in the com-
position of the yarn, wherein this mode differs from any such now in use.
To accomplish this, tho fibres composing the yarn are laid at various
lengths, according to the ratio of their relative positions in the yarn, or their
respective distances from the centre thereof. This is performed by a moveable
machine, which by its progression gives motion at the same time to spindles or
spinning hooks contained in it, thereby also giving twist to the yarns to be
spun. The spinner, instead of walking backwards in the spinning, with the
hemp, flax, or other article round him, remains stationary, whilst the hemp,
&c., is laid at its whole length on a board, table, or other convenient support,
in which is inserted a number of upright pins (as in a tool or hatchel) so as to
receive and support about half the length of the hemp, flax, or other article,
or from the thickest part of the head of hemp, flax, or other article, to the end
of the fibres farthest from the machine. The other part or end of the article to
be spun is held by the spinner, and directed towards the machine, which is
brought to a convenient distance, and the spinner begins the operation by
drawing some fibres of the hemp, flax, or other article, and making them fast
to one of the spindles or spiuning hooks. The spinner has a cloth in one hand
to assist him to hold and compress the yarn, and with the other hand he feeds
the
yarn from the hemp, flax, or other article. At this period motion is given
to the machine in manner herein-after mentioned. By this method the
longest hemp, flax, or other article may be spun without having its fibres
reduced in length, for the pins above mentioned occasion all the fibres to be
drawn to their full respective lengths, or nearly so, excepting the unavoidable
shortening by twisting, and the said pins also prevent irregular drawing of the

page_text: fibres. This Invention is well adapted to spinning from slivers or rovings
previously prepared by such machinery as hath been used, or may be used, for
hemp or flax. These slivers or rovings are to be delivered by rollers in any
required ratio or proportion to the length of yarns, and compressed by some
flexible substance, such as cloth, list, or leather, and which compression may be
given by a weight attached to the flexible substance or otherwise.
The construction of machines for drawing and twisting may be in various
forms, as is well known to mechanics and spinners, who will easily understand
the following description of that which I have used, which, by the arrangement
of its several parts, and their mutual connection with each other, is com-
modiously adapted to the aforesaid operations of drawing and spinning. The
said machine is in a wooden frame, placed upon trucks, wheels, or rollers, and
it has motion communicated to it by a band of any required length, acted upon
by man, horse, or by a mill or steam engine, or by any other adequate power.
This band is applied to a rigger, pulley, or whirl, on the axis of a cylinder in
the machine, round which cylinder are bands of list, cloth, or some other
flexible substance, and which bands give motion to the spindles or spinning
hooks in any required number for twisting the yarn. The spindles are placed
either above or below the cylinder, at right angles thereto, or parallel to the
motion of the machine. The motion of the cylinder also gives motion to the
machine on its trucks, wheels, or rollers, by other wheels, or by a rigger
connected by a band, in order to give a progressive motion to the machine,
thereby drawing the hemp, flax, or other article (which is fed by the spinner
or by the roving) to any required length. This progressive motion may be in
any convenient direction, and it may be varied in any ratio or proportion to the
motion of the spindles by changing the wheels, or by different sized grooves in
the riggers, or the hefts of the spindles may be varied in thickness according to
the intended size of yarn to be spun, so as to produce a proper twist. When
the machine has spun to the intended length it is thrown out of gear by a
clutch or otherwise, and thereby the cylinder is disconnected from the band
which puts the machine in motion under the action of the power employed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Josephi Huddart, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and five.
JOSEPH (L.S.) HUDDART.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twentieth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1805, the aforesaid Joseph Huddart came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statutes made for that nurnose
Inrolled the Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and five.