Improvements in Vertical Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 27th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 28th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vertical Boilers.
I, JOHN WILD, Foreman Boiler-maker, Jenkin Hall, Chadderton Fold,
Royton, Lancashire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates principally to an improved form of combustion chamber
and arrangement of water tubes in said chamber; and the application of the same
to vertical boilers for land and auxillary marine purposes.
The arrangement as applied to the ordinary type of marine auxillary boilers,
with hemi-spherical fire-boxes, is as follows.
Inside the boiler, and a sufficient distance above the fire-box is placed a spherical
shell; made preferably of two hemi-spherical sections dished from two plates and
rivetted together. The centre of this sphere and the centre of the boilers diameter
coincide, and an equal space is left all round, between the spherical shell and the
cylindrical boiler shell.
Inside the spherical shell is placed a second but considerably smaller shell,
made in the same manner as the outer one. This inner spherical shell is placed
concentric with the outer one, and of course a spherical-annular space is formed
between the two shells.
This spherical-annular space forms the combustion chamber, and the necessary
connections to the fire-box and to the chimney are made as follows. The firebox
and outer spherical shell are connected together by two oval or circular con-
nection tubes, placed equi-distant on either side of the diametrical centre of the
boiler. A little to one side on the top of the outer spherical shell, is connected
the smoke tube, which finally passes out through the centre and top of boiler
dome into the chimney.
The spherical space inside the inner shell is connected with the water space in
the boiler, by means of a series of radiating water tubes. The inner ends of
these water tubes are suitably fixed by expansion or otherwise in perforations
in the inner spherical shell, and the outer ends are similarly fixed in perfora-
tions in the outer spherical shell. These tubes thus cross the spherical-annular
combustion space.
All these radiating water tubes, with the exception of two, are small parallel
ones of circular section, of the usual smoke tube size, as employed in boilers of
this class. The two special water tubes are as follows. One tube is of manhole
section and it is placed on the top side of the spheres, a little to one side of the
centre, and opposite the smoke tube connection. This tube is to admit a man
inside the inner sphere for cleaning purposes and also to expand the inner
end of the water tubes in the process of construction of the boiler.
second special water tube is preferably of circular section but of much larger
size than the ordinary water tubes. It is placed directly at the bottom of
the spheres and equi-distant between the two fire-box and combustion chamber
connection tubes. Its purpose is to promote the circulation of the water
and to allow of the free passage of deposit or sediment to the bottom of
the boiler.
The
The action of my invention in an arrangement as hereinbefore described would
be as follows. The flame and heated gases generated in the fire-box, would
pass up the two connection tubes into the spherical-annular space formed between
the two spheres. There, most of the heat would be absorbed by the great
heating surface, presented by the external surface of the cross water tubes and
the unperforated portions of the spherical shells. Finally the waste gases would

page_text: pass out at the top of the combustion chamber, through the smoke tube and thence
into the chimney.
I do not confine myself to the use of parallel cross water tubes as herein-before
described, but may use taper water tubes, either of a small diameter and a large
number of them, or of a large diameter of the "Galloway" water tube type, and
a smaller number of them.
In the case of vertical boilers of small diameter, it will be impracticable
to have an inner sphere, and to meet this difficulty I adopt the following
modification.
The inner spherical shell is entirely dispensed with, leaving only the outer
one, which forms a spherical combustion chamber. Only one connection tube
is placed from the fire-box to the chamber, and this is put directly at the
bottom of the sphere and in the diametrical centre of the boiler. The smoke
tube connection is made from the centre of the top of the sphere to the centre of
the boiler dome.
A number of taper water tubes of the "Galloway" type cross the sphere,
and as there is no inner sphere, these tubes are not radiating, but cross the
sphere from side to side, arranged to clear one another, and at the necessary
relative angles.
The main advantages to be obtained by the adoption of my improvements
are, greater heating surface for a given diameter of boiler, no leakage of tubes
as the spherical formation tends to keep its shape under pressure, no weakening
of the cylindrical shell of the boiler by cutting out to receive the tube boxes
as at present practiced, and lastly, simplicity of construction and accessibility for
cleaning purposes.
Dated this 17th day of Fahrry 1902
JOHN WILD.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vertical Boilers.
I, JOHN WILD, of Jenkin Hall, Chadderton Fold, Royton, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates principally to an improved form of combustion chamber
and arrangement of water tubes in said chamber, and the application of the same
to vertical boilers for land and auxiliary marine purposes.
Referring to the two accompanying sheets of drawings
Figures 1 to 6 inclusive illustrate the application of my invention to vertical
boilers.
The arrangement as applied to the ordinary type of marine auxiliary boilers
with hemi-spherical fire boxes is as follows-Inside a boiler such as A Figure 1
and at a sufficient distance above the fire box B is placed a spherical shell C made
preferably of two hemi-spherical sections dished from two plates and riveted
together. The centre of this sphere and the centre of the boilers diameter
coincide, and an equal space is left between the said spherical shell and the
cylindrical boiler shell. Inside this spherical shell is placed a second but con-
siderably smaller shell D made in the same manner as the outer one.
This inner spherical shell D is placed concentric with the outer one, and a
spherical annular space E is formed between the two shells. This spherical
annular space E forms the combustion chamber and the necessary connections to
the fire box B and to the chimney are made as follows-
The fire box B and the outer spherical shell C are connected together by two
oval or circular connection tubes G, G¹ placed equi-distant on either side of the
diametrical centre of the boiler. A little to one side on the top of the outer

page_text: spherical shell is connected the smoke tube F which finally passes out through the
centre and top of the boiler dome into the chimney. The spherical space inside
the inner shell D is connected with the water space in the boiler by means of a
series of radiating water tubes some of which are marked I. The inner ends of
these water tubes are suitably fixed by expansion or otherwise in perforations in
the inner spherical shell and the outer ends are similarly fixed in perforations in the
outer spherical shell. These tubes thus cross the spherical annular combustion
space E.
All these radiating water tubes with the exception of two marked
respectively K, K' in the drawings are small parallel ones of circular section and
of the usual smoke tube size as employed in boilers of this class. These two
special water tubes are as follows-
One tube K is of manhole section and it is placed on the top side of the
spheres, a little to one side of the centre and opposite the smoke tube_con-
nection. This tube is intended to admit a man inside the inner sphere D for
cleaning purposes, and also to expand the inner end of the water tubes in the
process of construction. The second spacial water tube K is preferably of circular
section but much larger in diameter than the ordinary water tubes. It is placed
directly at the bottom of the spheres and equi-distant between the two fire box
and combustion chamber connection tubes G, G. Its purpose is to promote the
circulation of the water and to allow of the free passage of deposit or sediment to
the bottom of the boiler.
The action of my invention in an arrangement as herein before described is as
follows The flame and heated gases generated in the fire box pass up the two
connection tubes G, G¹ into the spherical annular space E formed between the two
spheres. There most of the heat is absorbed by the great heating surface pre-
sented by the external surface of the cross water tubes I and the unperforated
portions of the spherical shells. Finally the waste gases pass out at the top of
the combustion chamber through the smoke tube F and thence into the chimney.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the boiler shown in Figure 1 the section being
taken through the centre of the spheres.
Figure 3 is an external elevation and Figure 4 a plan.
Throughout the Specification and drawings the same letters are used for corre-
sponding parts.
I do not confine myself to the use of parallel cross water tubes as hereinbefore
described, but may use taper water tubes, either of small diameter and a large
number of them, or of larger diameter of the "Galloway" water tube type, and a
smaller number of them. Such a modification is shown in section at Figure 5
where conical tubes L, L, L, L etc. pass between the internal and external spheres D
and C. The other parts remain precisely the same.
In the case of vertical boilers of small diameter it is impracticable to have an
inner sphere, and to meet this difficulty I adopt the following modification which is
illustrated at Figure 6. The inner spherical shell is entirely dispensed with
leaving only the outer one C which forms a spherical_combustion chamber C¹.
Only one connection or tube G is used from the fire box B to the chamber C and
this is preferably placed directly at the bottom of the sphere and in the diametrical
centre of the boiler.
The smoke tube connection F is made from the centre of the top of the sphere
to the centre of the boiler dome.
A number of taper water tubes of the "Galloway" type cross the sphere
as M, M, M, M and as there is no inner sphere, these tubes are not radiating but
cross the sphere from side to side arranged to clear one another and at the necessary
relative angles.
The main advantages to be obtained by the adoption of my improvements are
riz. greater heating surface for a given diameter of boiler, no leakage of tubes as
the spherical formation tends to keep its shape under pressure, no weakening of the
cylindrical shell of the boiler by cutting out to receive tube boxes as now generally

page_text: practised, and, therefore no troublesome cross stays to remedy this defect and
lastly simplicity of construction and accessibility for cleaning purposes.
It will be readily understood that I do not confine myself to the exact positions
of tubes and spheres shown upon the drawings but that these positions may be
varied considerably without departing from my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In steam boilers; a spherical combustion chamber placed between the fire box
and the smoke tube, whether the said chamber contains tubes or not, substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
2. In steam boilers, a spherical annular combustion chamber arranged between
the fire box and the smoke tube, substantially as hereinbefore described and as
illustrated at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In steam boilers, a spherical annular combustion chamber arranged between
the fire box and the smoke tube and having water tubes passing from the inner
sphere through the outer sphere so that the water in the inner sphere is included
in the circulation within the boiler, substantially as hereinbefore described and as
illustrated at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The construction and particular arrangement of spherical chambers in steam
boilers, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated at Figures 1, 2, 3,
4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Deted this 06/1
י
'1 1000
CLERK & MARKS,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.