Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Making Nets for Fishing and for other purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 13th Dec., 1890
CONTULIE DIECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Making Nets for
Fishing and for other purposes.
I, WILLIAM STUART, of the firm of J. & W. Stuart, Net Manufacturers, Esk Mills,
Musselburgh, in the County of Midlothian, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention which relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for making
nets for fishing and for other purposes is applicable to the machines at present in use,
more particularly to such machines as are described in the Specification of J. & W.
Stuart's Patent of 27th April 1859 No. 1056, and my said improvements form an
addition to the said machines whereby the meshes can be made with a double knot
such as is required for salmon nets having large meshes, such double knotted nets
having hitherto been made by hand.
In carrying out my said invention I employ in addition to the ordinary rows of
hooks, needles and fallers and chapping bar a row of pushers mounted in a movable
bar above the needles, and another row of back hooks also mounted in a movable bar
underneath the needles, the said movable bars being operated through the medium of
levers, shafts, links and treadles.
And in order that my said invention may be more readily understood and easily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
Figure 1, Sheet 1 is a cross section of a part of a net making machine having my
improvements attached thereto.
Figure 1. Sheet 1 is an open view of a left hand double knot before it is
tightened up.
Figure 1 is a view of same after it has been tightened up.
Figure 1 is an open view of a right hand double knot.
Figures 2, 3, and 4, Sheet 2, are elevation, plan and cross section respectively of
a pusher.
Figures 5 and 6, Sheet 2, are side elevation and front elevation respectively of a
back hook, and
Figures 7 and 8, Sheet 2, are elevation and plan of a double coiled spring which
I prefer to use in the carrying out of my said invention.
Referring to Figure 1 of the said drawings, A represents the net which is wound
on the drum B, as it is made, all in the usual manner. The looped ends of the net
are shewn as being held in the hooks C, which are of the usual type, but preferably
having their points twisted or inclined to the left hand in lieu of the right hand as
hitherto, the said hooks being carried by the front hook bar C, which is carried by
the shaft C, and cradle or rocking frame C3, all as hitherto, the said hooks C, being.
operated by means of the ordinary hand lever, fairleader and incliners. The said
fairleader as applied to my present invention being so formed with the necessary
grooves so as to give the desired movements to the front hooks and bar. The
needles D, which are of the ordinary wicker type, but preferably having their wickers
bent or inclined to the left hand in lieu of the right hand as hitherto, are carried in
the needle bar D', which is supported by brackets D3, attached to the cross beam E,
which is carried by the main cheeks or framing of the machine all as hitherto. The
said needle bar Di has attached to its back a number of slide brackets F, which carry
the pusher bar G, which in order to allow of its being moved in a backwards and
forwards direction has a number of grooves or slides, formed on or attached to its
underside which engage with and slide on the slide brackets F, also each end of the said
bar G, is so formed as to work in suitable grooves or recesses formed on or attached to the

page_text: main cheeks of the machine, the said movement of the pusher bar G, being obtained
through the medium of a number of connecting links g, the one end of which is bolted
or otherwise secured to the said bar, and their other ends to the slotted ends of a
number of bent levers g', keyed on the cross shaft H, which is carried by a number of
brackets H, supported on the main beam E of the machine, the said shaft H, being
operated by an ordinary foot lever or treadle through the medium of the rod H2, and
lever or crank H³. Along the top of this said pusher bar G, I mount a row of
pushers G¹, preferably in the same manner as the hooks C and needles D, are mounted
to their bars C, and D', that is by grooving out the bar and forming the pushers G¹,
(as shown more particularly in Figures 2, 3 and 4, Sheet 2) with suitably shaped lead
or other metal shanks G2, having dovetailed indentations G3 which fit into a corre-
sponding dovetail in the bar G, the said shanks being securely held in position on the
bar by means of the leather packing G, and binding plates and pins G³, which have
also connected to them a spring pusher guard G. The said pushers are preferably
made of sheet brass having lead or other metal shanks G2 cast thereon, and the points
shaped as shown, though if desired I may make them of any convenient sectional
shape than that shewn in Figure 1, which is a section on the line X Y, of Figure 2.
To the underside of the hereinbefore mentioned needle bar D' I also secure a
number of curved slide brackets F, which carry the movable back hook bar J, the
ends of which slide in grooves or recesses in or on the main framing, and having a
row of back hooks J' mounted in a similar manner to that as described with reference
to the pushers G¹, the bar J and back hooks J' being capable of an up and down
movement through an are of a circle, this motion being obtained from the shaft K,
which is carried in the hereinbefore mentioned brackets H, and which has two or
more slotted cranks K' keyed on it, and into which the hook bar pin K2 works, the
said shaft K obtaining its motion from an ordinary foot lever or treadle through tho
medium of the rod L, pivotted spur quadrant L, and spur pinion L², on said shaft K.
The said back hooks J¹ (more particularly shewn in Figures 5 and 6, Sheet 2) are
preferably made of brass or iron with lead or metal shanks J2, and having their bent
ends preferably formed as shewn in said Figures 5 and 6, that is to say, having two
acute bends j, and of a triangular shape in section with a slightly curved out point j'.
The main beam E, also carries a number of brackets M which support the rocking
shaft M', having the brackets or bent arms M2, keyed on it, the ends of the said
brackets or bent arms M², being bolted or otherwise secured to the steel or other
metal chapping bar N, the said rocking shaft M', being actuated as hitherto, by:
means of a foot lever or treadle through the medium of the rod N¹, lover. or
crank N2, and weights N³. In front of the main beam E, are mounted in the
usual manner the row of faller hooks P, which are operated in the usual way
except that I prefer to employ a faller spring R, Figures 7 and 8, Shoot 2,
having a double coil instead of the single springs employed heretofore, the said
springs R, giving a much more effectual fall to the said fallers when disengaged
by the slur.
The arrangement and action of the whole is such that supposing the machine
to be in the position shown in the drawings and set to make left handed double
knots as shewn in Figures 1 & 1 that is to say after the hooks C have been
brought up to the pushers G' from the fallers P after having obtained the single
twist whilst taking the loops A', Figure 1, from the said fallers P, by the operator
through the medium of the hand lever and fairleader as hitherto, he then brings up
his back hooks J' through between the needles D, and engages in the loop A
Figure 1 which is held open by the pushers G¹, after which the back hooks J',
are lowered again and the front hooks Care lifted up inside the pushers G' where.
they obtain the double cross or twist a, Figure 1º, and the pushers G₁ drawn back.
before the hooks C go down between the needles wickers d, where the one leg of
the loop is chapped in as before by means of the chapping bar N, then the hooks C
are again lifted up in front of the wickers d, and the row formed, the shuttle
taking the next cord A² with it, is passed through, and the fallers knocked down
by the slur as hitherto, after which the back hooks J', front hooks C, and needles

page_text: are disengaged from the double knots by means of the chapping har N, and the
said knots closed or tightened (as shewn in Figure 1) by the action of the beam
as bitherto; the necessary lateral movements to the front hooks being obtained
by the incliners and hand lever as hitherto. Or if the hooks and needle wickers be
right handed the knots produced will be as shewn in Figure 1ª namely right handed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of iny said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First The machinery for the manufacture of double knotted nets for fishing
and other purposes, substantially as herein beforo described and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Second In machinery for making double knotted nets for fishing and other
purposes, the arrangement and combination with the ordinary front hooks C,
needles D, chapping bar N, and fallers P, of the movable pushers G', and movable
back hooks J, all substantially as and for the purposes herein before described and
shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Third In machinery for making double knotted fishing and other nets, the
arrangement and construction of the movable pusher bar G, having pushers G'
mounted thereon, in combination with the movable back hook bar J, and the back
hooks J, or any mere modification of said parts, all substantially as and for
the purposes herein before described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 6th day of the 1900
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.