IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Pearson, of the Old Kent Road, in the County of
Surrey, Carpenter, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Pearson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1877.
EDWARD PEARSON, of the Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, Carpenter.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS."
These improvements relate to the apparatus described in the Specification of my
Letters Patent, No. 1175, in the year of our Lord 1874, for "Improvements in
Waterclosets and in taps for the same, also applicable to other purposes, so far as
regards the peculiar construction of watercloset, the said apparatus being now
known under the designation of 'Pearson's trapless twin basin watercloset.'" These
improvements have reference more especially to what I have termed in the said
Specification, the twin basin, and the mode of connecting its two portions to the
packing of my piston valve, to an improved mode of arranging the waste water
pipe of the twin basin, and to the combination with my peculiar watercloset of any
of the ordinary apparatus known as water waste preventers.
By means of the peculiar combination of parts I adopt in my apparatus, the
action of the float is entirely independent of that of the handle of the piston valve,
and is effected directly by the water level alone; the powerful and unimpeded
down flow of the water is found by experience not merely to prevent the issue of
foul gases from the drain, but also upon well-known principles to induct air into
and thereby ventilate the said drain.
The said Invention consists,-
Firstly. In constructing my twin basin with a tubular leg which forms the outlet
pipe, to which is adapted my peculiar construction of piston valve. This leg
preferably serves to support the twin basin.
Secondly. In lieu of bringing the two basins in communication with each other
by means of a pipe adjusted to a suitable fall, they are caused to communicate
directly. This mode of communication may also be applied to the form of basin
described in Specification No. 1175, in the year of our Lord 1874.

page_text: Thirdly. With regard to my improved construction of waste water pipe, instead
of causing it to communicate with the upper part of the side of the twin basin, the
said pipe is so shaped and adjusted that its inlet only opens into the lower part
of what I have termned the side basin, so that the protective body of water
always lies above the same. Said pipe is further preferably curved upwards
and in the contrary direction to that shewn in Specification No. 1175, in the year
of our Lord 1874, and is discharged into the oulet pipe immediately below the
piston valve.
Fourthly. The india-rubber ring for making the joint of the piston valve, instead
of being shaped cylindrically in cross section, it now has formed in the bottom part
of the said cylinder a flange or lip in one piece therewith.
Fifthly. I adapt to my peculiar construction of trapless twin basin watercloset
any one of the well-known forms of apparatus designated as water waste preventers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Pearson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th October
1877.
EDWARD PEARSON, of the Old Kent Road, in the County of Surrey, Carponter.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS."
These improvements relate to the apparatus described in the Specification of my
Letters Patent No. 1175, in the year of our Lord 1874, for "Improvements in
waterclosets and in taps for the same, also applicable to other purposes so far as
regards the peculiar construction of watercloset, the said apparatus being now
known under the designation of 'Pearson's trapless twin basin watercloset.'" These
improvements have reference more especially to what I have termed in the said
Specification, the twin basin, and the mode of connecting its two portions to the
packing of my piston valve, to an improved mode of arranging the waste water
pipe of the twin basin, and to the combination with ny peculiar watercloset of any
of the ordinary apparatus known as water waste preventers, as also to an improved
mode of preventing the waste of water.
By means of the peculiar construction of parts, I adopt in my apparatus, the
action of the float is entirely independent of that of the handle of the piston valve,
and is effected directly by the water level alone; the powerful and unimpeded down
flow of the water is found by experience not merely to prevent the issue of foul
gases from the drain, but also upon well-known principles to induct air into and
thereby ventilate the said drain.
The said Invention consists,-
Firstly. In constructing my twin basin with a tubular leg which forms the outlet
pipe, to which is adapted my peculiar construction of piston valve. This leg
preferably serves to support the twin basin, and it may be either straight or curved
back, as required to suit the positions of existing soil pipes.
Secondly. In lieu of bringing the two basins in cominunication with each other
by means of a pipe adjusted to a suitable fall, they are caused to communicate
directly. This mode of communication may also be applied to the form of basin
described in Specification No. 1175, in the year of our Lord 1874.
Thirdly. With regard to my improved construction of waste water pipe, instead of
causing it to communicate with the upper part of the side of the twin basin, the said
pipe is so shaped and adjusted that its inlet only opens into the lower part of what
I have termed the side basin, so that the protective body of water always lies above
the same. Said pipe is further preferably curved upwards and in the contrary
direction to that shewn in Specification No. 1175, in the year of our Lord 1874,
and is discharged into the outlet pipe immediately below the piston valve.
Fourthly. The india-rubber ring for making the joint of the piston valve instead

page_text: of being shaped cylindrically in cross section, now has formed in the bottom part of
the said cylinder a flange or lip in one piece therewith.
Fifthly. I may adapt to my peculiar construction of trapless twin basin water-
closet any one of the well-known forms of apparatus designated water waste
preventors; or in preference to adopting an ordinary water waste preventor, I
employ instead thereof two taps or cocks; one of these is actuated by the float in
the ordinary manner, the other is kept open by being connected with and held down
by the rod of the piston valve or plunger. A spring acting upon the stem of the
tap tends to shut the same when released from its connection with the plunger. By
this means when the handle is raised, this said second or supplementary tap is shut,
and any escape or waste of water beyond the regulated quantity is prevented.
I shall now proceed to more fully set forth and explain my Invention by means
of Drawings.
In the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed Figs. 1 and 2 are [sections of the
twin basin with tubular leg A, through the line y, z, of the plan Fig. 4, while tho
direction of the cross section, Fig. 3, is indicated by the line V, X. In Fig. 1 the
said tubular leg and outlet pipe is straight; in Fig. 2 it is curved back in such
wise as to make my construction of closet adaptable to existing old soil pipos.
Fig. 5 shews an enlarged longitudinal section of the weighted piston valve and
its ring; and Fig. 6, of the improved form of tap that I prefer to employ, though
any other tap may also be adopted.
In the said four first Figures a indicates a seat of the ordinary kind, the whole
apparatus resting on the floor in the usual manner; c is the main basin; d, the side
basin; B, the direct connection between the main and side basins. The opening
into the soil pipe is indicated by e; in Fig. 1 the same is direct and straight; in
Fig. 2 it is curved; fis the tap by preference of a form to be more fully described
further on, but which may be of any ordinary suitable kind; g, the ball float; his
the weighted piston valve or plunger with its peculiar india-rubber flanged ring or
packing D, more fully shewn in Fig. 5; i is the top of the trapped overflow,
and j, the outlet from the said overflow; l, the connection with the water service
pipe.
In Fig. 6 is shewn the form of inlet tap that I prefer to employ; it is made with
double seatings S, S, the spindle being fitted with a pair of suitable discs 'or cups,
within which are adjusted india-rubber washers P, P, forming the temporary joint.
Having now fully described and explained my said Invention, I declare that
what I claim is, constructing waterclosets in the mode and with the apparatus as
herein set forth on the Drawings, or any colourable imitation thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Pearson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
EDWARD PEARSON. (L.S.)