Tiles of Cement with Interlocking Joints, and Machine for Manufacturing same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 24th May, 1900-Accepted, 7th July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Tiles of Cement with Interlocking Joints, and Machine for
Manufacturing same.
I, HEINRICH BRÖCKER, of Markranstädt, near Leipzig, Germany, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The subject matter of the present invention consists in tiles of cement with
interchained joints, and in a machine for producing them.
The object of these tiles is to form a uniform cover, the joints being such that
neither the snow or the soot, nor the water can enter.
The machine produces an intimate connection between the ribs forming pro-
jections on the surface of the tile, and the body of the latter, in order to avoid
the breaking of such ribs. Each tile has the shape of a rhomb and is, at its
upper end, provided with a projection adapted to fasten the tile onto the lath-
work of the roof.
The said ribs are arranged on the lower face, running towards the lower end.
also on the upper face and running towards the apex of the tile, that is to sav. the
arrangement is such, that the lower ribs of a tile engage with the grooves formed
on the upper face of the following tile. The machine consists of a frame-work
carrying a bed in which is placed a mould, while a pedal actuates a vertical rod.
which, being connected with vertical bolts, serves to raise the finished tile and
to remove it from the mould. On the framework is arranged a horizontal axle
around which swings a table carrying a counter rod to keep its balance: this table
carries a support on which swings a bent lever governed by a handle and being
provided with an angular groove according to the form of the ribs to be produced
on the tile.
When the mould has been filled up with cement, anv desired colouring material
is spread on the surface, a knife of angular shape taking away part of the said
surface, that is to sav, so much as corresponds to the space to be filled by the
said ribs this knife is guided in slots. Thereupon, a hopper of angular shape is
moved forward over the same spot. it being also guided in slides, and the cement
s put into the honner. The latter is then brought back to its original position
by means of a handle attached to it and the movable table is turned down, which
results in moulding the ribs and fixing them onto the surface of the tile. The
said table having now been raised again, the pedal is actuated and the finished
tile removed from the mould.
noted this n0th dow of Aument 1900

page_text: Tiles of Cement with Interlocking Joints, and Machine for
Manufacturing same.
I, HEINRICH BRÖCKER, of Markranstädt, near Leipzig, Germany, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement:-
1
Cement roofing tiles are, as is wellknown, furnished at their edges with raised
ribs, laps and the like, for the purpose of enabling the several tiles to be joined
together so as to produce an' uniform roofing surface and to exclude rain, wind,
Boot and snow. Roofing tiles of this kind are generally produced in the following
manner: The actual tile with the lap on the one side is first finished and then
the lap on the other side formed by placing on a fresh body of cement: With
this system the combination of the later formed lap with the body of the tile is
not so perfect as that of the other lap and the lap is more liable to separate or
be removed. This inconvenience is especially felt in 'connection with coloured
tiles or slabs. The colouring is effected as is wellknown by sprinkling colouring
powder on the moist slab which has just been pressed. If the lap be now formed
on the cement surface so treated, the colouring powder which has been put on
will act as an isolating layer between the tile and the lap and render a permanent
combination impossible.
The object of this invention is to obviate this difficulty and to ensure a perfect
combination of the laps projecting from the surface of the tile with the body
thereof. A machine for producing tiles according to this invention is illustrated
in Figs. 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawing in four consecutive working
phases:
-
Fig. 1. being a vertical section taken through the centre of the machine
and
Figs. 2. 3 and 4 similar views of the upper part of the machine on a larger
scale.
On the bed-plate a of the machine is the frame b serving for the reception of
the metal mould. The mould having been introduced and the given quantity
of cement e for forming the actual tile put in and made firm and smooth, the
colouring powder which is intended to impart a slate-like or other appearance to
the roofing surface is sprinkled on.
A cutter or scraper d is then brought into use, which scrapes the roofing tile e
that has been smoothed down and sprinkled with colouring powder so far as to
obtain a surface for the making of the necessary laps which are to be subse-
quently formed. The cutter or scraper consists of a vertically arranged blade d
and is shown in the drawing in two positions. In Fig. 1 it is shown as in the
retracted position before use. In Fig. 2 it is pushed forwards- and in Figs. 3
and 4 (after being used) is returned into its original position as in Fig. 1. The
cutter or scraper is not directed quite horizontally but (see particularly Fig. 2)
somewhat obliquely downwards which can be effected by means of a suitable
guiding mechanism. The impulsion is obtained by means of a hinged bolt :9
carried by the forked guide piece f and with which a connecting rod h which
rises obliquely, also engages, this rod in turn being actuated by the hand lever i,
Fig. 1 which oscillates around a pin or bolt.
The arrangement described below does not really constitute the object of the
invention. Nevertheless, a short explanation will greatly facilitate a proper
understanding of the drawing.

page_text: After the cutter or scraper has performed its work, the filling hopper / is
pushed out of the position shown in Figs. 1, 2 into the position shown in Fig. 3.
Here the loose body of cement in the hopper falls down and forms the lap that
is to be put on. When this is done the filling hopper is pushed back again
into the former position (see Fig. 4). After the piling up of the quantity of
cement intended for the lap, a pressing stamp 7 see Figs. 1 and 4 is lowered, for
which purpose, the hand lever n oscillating around the shaft m and the crank
arms o are employed. The latter directly actuates the pressing stamp through
the medium of the guide rods p the lower surface of this stamp being obviously
the exact counter-form of the upper surface of the lap and suitably guided in a
vertical direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Machine for producing cement roofing tiles, with laps subsequently formed
thereon, the distinguishing feature being that for the purpose of securing a per-
fect adhesion of the lap to the body of the tile. a cutter or scraper d scrapes away
from the upper surface of the tile which has been previously smoothed down and
covered with colouring powder, a thinner or thicker layer of material in the places
in which the laps are to be formed by the putting on of a fresh body of cement.
2. The improved machine for producing cement roofing tiles, substantially as
described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 24th
of M1000
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.