IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, THEIR FIRE PLACES AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Wilden King, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, THEIR
FIRE PLACES AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Wilden King at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd March 1881.
CHARLES WILDEN KING, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, THEIR FIRE PLACES AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS.”
(a.) This Invention relates in some respects to certain improvements in the
construction of steam boilers, being improvements on former Letters Patent granted
to Charles Jones, No. 3293, dated A.D. 1879. This Invention further relates to
the construction of fire places and combustion chambers (or parts of them) of steam
boilers of fire brick, so as to give a more simple, durable, and substantial structure
than has hitherto been obtained in fire places and combustion chambers constructed
of such material
(b.) This Invention shows the mode of applying such brick fire places and
combustion chambers to steam boilers.
(c.) This Invention shows certain constructions of steam boilers especially
adapted to such brick fire places and combustion chambers.
(d). This Invention shows certain novel constructions of steam boilers.
According to this Invention the fire places and combustion chambers of steam
boilers are constructed in the following manner :-The fire grate is preferably of a
circular or similar shape, as, for example, like those usually adopted in vertical
donkey boilers. The furnace side, or that part of the furnace surrounding.the fire
grate, is formed by a casing lined with fire brick. The plan of such furnace side
or the horizontal section through it is formed entirely or partly by a curved line,
preferably in shape like the outline of the grate. When desired the furnace side
may be extended, or partly extended upwards, so as to form the combustion
chamber. Preferably the furnace forms the lower part of the boiler to which it is
attached. Those parts of upright boilers exposed to pressure may be resting upon

page_text: the furnace side. In horizontal or inclined boilers it is preferable to have the fire
place to some extent under or below the shell or barrel of the boiler, whilst a part
of the furnace side extends upwards and forms the combustion chamber or a part
thereof. The fire place or combustion chamber may have one or more doors or
openings for the purpose of firing. In lining the fire place and combustion
chamber with fire brick, the bricks or tiles are so formed or shaped or placed that
they key together in the circular or curved sides of the fire place or combustion
chamber.
In constructing horizontal or inclined boilers I prefer to make that part of the
shell barrel which is immediately above the grate of a conical shape, so that that
part of the shell barrel immediately above the fire is sloping upwards to its nearest
tube plate.
I propose to construct upright boilers in the following manner :-The outer shell
and top plate may be similar to that of ordinary so called donkey boilers; the
inside consists of a tapered tube, its widest part which is at the bottom is connected
to the lower portion of the shell barrel, whilst the upper end is fixed in the boiler
top. This tapered tube forms entirely or partly the furnace crown. The water
and steam spaces are similar to ordinary upright donkey boilers.
The other details of this boiler are as follows:--In the tapered tube are fire tubes
which reach from the lower portion of the tapered tube up to just below the water
line, and are surrounded by the water in the boiler. A partition is placed inside
the tapered tube between the lower inlet and the upper outlet of the fire tubes.
The flame and gases from the furnace pass up the fire tubes from the lower portion
of the tapered tube to the upper portion thereof, and thence to the uptake and
chimney. Cross water tubes may be placed inside the tapered tube if wished.
To retain the heat and prevent the flame and gases leaving the boiler without
having given the best part of their heat to the generation of steam the tapered
tube may have a body of fire brick, or suitable material placed inside, so as to
come in close contact with the flame and allow the flame to pass between it and
the tapered tube.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Wilden King in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st September 1881.
-
CHARLES WILDEN KING, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, THEIR FIRE PLACES AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS."
(a.) This Invention relates in some respects to certain improvements in the
construction of steam boilers, being improvements on former Letters Patent
granted to Charles Jones, dated A.D. 1879, No. 3293, and to certain improvements
in what are known as brick fire places or furnaces and combustion chambers for
steam boilers, that is to say, to such fire places and combustion chambers, the
sides and ends of which are entirely or partly formed of fire brick or such like
material.
(b.) This Invention shows certain different arrangements of constructing and
applying such brick fire places and combustion chambers to steam boilers.
(c). This Invention shows certain constructions of steam boilers especially adapted
to such brick fire places and combustion chambers.
(d.) This Invention shows certain novel constructions of steam boilers.
The word fire place or furnace is applied in this Specification to that part of the
steam boiler which contains the fire grate, and which is used for no other purpose
than the burning of fuel and the generation of heat for steam boilers.
The word combustion chamber is understood to mean the space or chamber into
which the products of combustion enter after leaving the fire place proper, and in
which the combustion is or ought to be completed.
In boilers in which the fuel is burnt and the combustion completed in the same
chamber, as, for example, in locomotive boilers, I call such chamber a fire box.
The following is a full, clear, and exact description of my Invention, sufficient
to enable the same to be understood by those skilled in this particular art,
reference being had to the two Sheets of Drawings hereto annexed, which aro
marked with letters and figures of reference corresponding with those used in
this Specification, like letters and figures being used to denote the same or
correspondi parts throughout the various views.
For the purpose of constructing the firebrick sides and ends of fire places, fire
boxes, a combustion chambers for steam boilers in a more substantial and simple
manner than has been done hitherto, I use bricks, tiles, or slabs of fire clay, which
are so formed, shaped, and fixed that they key or press each other together, so as to
prevent any part or parts falling into the fire place, fire box, or combustion
chamber. And I form the plan of or the horizontal section through the sides and
ends of the fire place or combustion chamber by one or more curved lines. The
bricks, tiles, or slabs forming the fire place or combustion chamber are preferably
enclosed in a suitable metal casing.
To give greater stability to the structure I prefer that the bricks, tiles, or slabs
used should key into each other by having male and female provisions; or they
may be grooved on their top and botton faces; in such case I insert a bent bar
between the bricks, tiles, or slabs, which locks, keys, or holds the bricks, tiles, or
slabs together. For example of this construction see Figures 1 and 2 of the.
Drawings, in which A is the furnace, A¹ the bricks, A channels or grooves,
A the metal bar which holds the bricks together. The outside appearance of a
fire place, constructed according to my Invention, takes the form of an upright.
column, such as shown at Figure 3, with the upper portion formed to correspond
with the shape of the boiler to which it is to be applied, and the under portion
being provided with one or more openings in the sides for the purpose of firing

page_text: and removing ashes. This column consists of a casing lined with fire brick or like.
material, and has in its lower portion the fire grate. The horizontal section through
such column being formed entirely or partly by one or more curved lines, for
example, taking one of the forms shown at Figures 4, 5, and 6.
According to the type and style of boiler and the general arrangement and
design, the upright column forming the fire place and combustion chamber is
shaped or formed especially in its upper portion, so as to make a suitable connection
between the column and the boiler. This will be clearly understood by reference
to the various examples illustrated in the Drawings and hereafter pointed out.
•
The construction of steam boilers under this Invention may bé thus described,-
Figure 7 is a sectional elevation, and
Figure 8 an end view of a boiler construction hereafter referred to.
Figures 9 and 10 illustrate this boiler mounted, according to my Invention,
over a fire place and combustion chamber of the type shown at Figures 3 and 4.
Figure 11 is a sectional elevation of a modification of Figure 9.
Figure 12 is a plan of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is a sectional elevation of my Invention applied to an ordinary tubular
boiler.
Figure 14 is an outside view of a boiler, in which the end is carried over and
forms the top of the combustion chamber.
Figure 15 is an elevation partly in section of a boiler of the double ended type
mounted on a furnace and combustion chamber according to my
Invention.
Figure 16 is a section at X, X, Figure 15.
Figure 17 is an end view of Figure 15.
The horizontal section of the furnace and combustion chamber of the boiler
shown at Figure 15 may take the form shown at Figure 18 or the form shown at
Figure 19.
Figures 20 and 21 illustrate my Invention as may be applied to a boiler of the
locomotive type.
Figure 22 is a plan of Figure 20.
Figures 23 and 24 are plans showing the combustion chamber in different forms.
Figure 25 is a sectional elevation, Figure 26 an outside view, and Figure 27 a
section through tubes of a boiler according to my Invention, being an improve-
ment on the boiler shown at Figures 5 and 6 of the Specification of former Letters
Patent granted to Charles Jones, No. 3293, A.D. 1879.
The improvements consist in carrying out and applying to this boiler my
construction of circular brick fire place and combustion chamber. The tubes
outside the combustion chamber are dispensed with, and in lieu thereof I place
concentric tubes a inside some of the ordinary tubes. These tubes a are open at
the top and bottom and bevelled at the bottom and rest on the furnace crown, as
shown at R, Figure 23, and cause the circulation of the water.
The novel construction of boiler, according to my Invention, consists in
constructing the horizontal or inclined tubular boilers in such a manner that the
portion of the shell barrel which is most exposed to the flame is tapered or coned,
as shown at H, Figures 7 and 8, also at Figures 9 and 10. By this arrangement
the liability of dirt or scale settling at that portion most exposed to the heat is
prevented. If wished, this coned or tapered portion of the shell may be sheathed
with fire brick to further preserve the boiler, as shown at Figure 15.
A modification of this arrangement by which the same advantages are arrived
at consists in constructing the boiler, as shown at Figure 11 in sectional elevation
and Figure 12 in plan. In this case I tilt an ordinary cylindrical boiler, so that
the bottom becomes an inclined plane which serves the same object as coneing the
end of the boiler, namely, it prevents foreign matters and solids from accumulating
and settling on that part of the boiler which is exposed to the flame.
Having now described my Invention, and shown how the same may be put into
practical operation, I claim,-
First. Constructing the fire places and combustion chambers of steam boilers of

page_text: fire bricks, tiles, or slabs, formed, shaped, and fixed in one or more curved lines,
as herein described and as illustrated in Figures 1 to 6 of the Drawings hereto
annexed.
Second. Constructing the fire places and combustion chambers of steam boilers
of fire bricks, tiles, or slabs partly formed, shaped, and fixed in one or more curved
lines, for example, as illustrated at Figures 15, 20, 21, 23, and 24 of the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Third. Constructing steam boilers and their fire places and combustion chambers,
as herein described and shown at Figures 9 and 10 of the Drawings hereto
annexed.
Fourth. Constructing steam boilers and their fire places and combustion chambers,
as herein described and as particularly shown at Figures 11 and 12 of the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Fifth. Constructing steam boilers and their fire places and combustion chambers,
as herein described and as particularly shown at Figure 14 of the Drawings hereto
annexed.
Sixth. Constructing steam boilers and their fire places and combustion chambers,
as herein described and as particularly shown at Figures 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 of
the Drawings hereto annexed.
Seventh. Constructing steam boilers and their fire places and combustion
chambers, as herein described and as particularly shown at Figures 20, 21, 22, 23,
and 24 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Eighth. Constructing steam boilers and their fire places and combustion
chambers, as heroin described and as particularly shown at Figures 25, 26, and 27
of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Ninth. Constructing steam boilers with coned or partly coned shell barrels,
as herein described and as shown at Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, and 15 of the Drawings
hereto annexed.
Tenth. Constructing steam boilers and mounting them at an incline in their
fire places and combustion chambers, as herein described and illustrated at Figures
11 and 12 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Wilden King, have hereunto set my
hand and seal; this Twentieth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
ATTTT BO