AN IMPROVED FAN TO BE EMPLOYED FOR VENTILATING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the Invention
of "AN IMPROVED FAN TO BE EMPLOYED FOR VENTILATING AND OTHER
PURPOSES. A communication from abroad by Jean François Auguste
Aerts, of Anvers, in the Kingdom of Belgium:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 21st September 1864.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED FAN TO BE EMPLOYED FOR VENTILATING ÄND
OTHER PURPOSES," a communication to me from abroad by Jean François
Auguste Aerts, of Anvers, in the Kingdom of Belgium, to be as follows
The case of the fan is composed of an upper and lower part held together
by bolts, and the brackets which carry the pedestals are connected to or
formed with the lower part, the bottom of which is conical to allow the free
passage of the air. The forcing or exhausting portion of the fan consists of
two wings only, each of such shape that together they appear like an eloii; "
gated S, and the surfaces of the wings extend from the centre shaft and not
from the circumference of the air hole or holes in the case at the side of the
fan as at present. By this arrangement of the wings and the conical air.

page_text: conductor the air which enters the air hole or holes acquires a gradual velocity
in consequence of passing along the curve of each wing, and thereby produces
a greater effect with less power than by any other fan.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st March 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents,..123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence that I, the said
Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED FAN TO BE EMPLOYED FOR VENTILATING AND OTHER PUR-
POSES," a communication to me from abroad by Jean François Auguste Aerts,
of Anvers, in the Kingdom of Belgium, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the figures and letters
on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say) :-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation with part in section, and Fig. 2 a plan with part
in section of the improved fan for ventilating and other purposes.

page_text: The case of the fan or ventilator is composed of two parts bolted together.
in horizontal lines central with the shaft a; D, E, representing the diameter
of the fan, and c, c, c, one of the side holes for the supply of air. The shaft
revolves in pedestals or bearings fixed to the frames 6, which are cast with the
lower part of the case. The wings are shewn at A, A, they are of a curved
form, and two in number, but a greater number may be used, when desired::
The curve given to the wings is for the purpose of enabling them to force
into the discharge pipe the greatest possible quantity of air with the least
expenditure of power, for by means of the curves the air passes more easily
on the surfaces of the wings, and consequently offers less resistance than
when the wings are straight, and with the curved wings the air when it enters
the case acquires great centrifugal force, whereas with the straight wings the
air is partly driven back towards the shaft. The wings start from bosses on
the shaft, in order that the air which passes through the air holes shall
gradually increase its speed as it is gliding towards the extremities of the
wings, and thereby considerably augment the suction and blowing power of
the fan, and at the same time materially lessen the dull noise common to
ordinary fans. To lessen still further the sound caused by the air entering
the case, a partition may be fixed in the middle of each wing, so that the two'
currents of air entering the sides of the case may not come in collision with
each other. This improved fan or ventilator may also be constructed to
produce a single or double effect; when single, there is only one exit hole
for the air X, Z, being the entrance of the exit pipe B. To have a double
effect there must be two exit boles for the air, the hole X, Z, and the hole
E, F, which is the entrance of the pipe B', and the pipes B, B', may finally
conduct to another single pipe the air they receive from the wings.
By this double simultaneous exit of air from the fan or ventilator a double
quantity of air can be obtained without enlarging the diameter of the wings"
or requiring much additional power, and this double arrangement produces
the greatest suction and blowing effect.
The single fan or ventilator is shewn by the letters D, E, Z, B, and the
double one by the letters D, E, F, B', B, and it will be seen that in the fan
or ventilator of double effect the upper part of the case is larger to the
extent of E, F, than the upper part D, E, of the single fan or ventilator,
and also that it has the passage E', F, B', in addition to the pipe X, Z, B,
of the single fan, the said additional passage E', F1, B1, being placed at the
outside of the lower part of the case.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I desire it to be understood that I claim,
Firstly, the curvature of the wings, and causing the said wings to spring
from or have their roots in bosses fixed to the shaft of the fan.
Secondly, the double exit air pipes.
And, thirdly, the general arrangement and construction of the apparatus,
as all such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand-eight-hundred and sixty-five.
T
E. T. HUGHES. (L.S.)