Improvements in or connected with the Tyres or Wheels of Vehicles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1394-Accepted. 2nd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Tyres or Wheels of
Vehicles.
We, WILLIAM STELFOX, of Lorne Street, Moss Side, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Tin Plate Worker, JAMES WEDDERBURN OGILVY
WALKER, of Oxford Drive, Kelvinside, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Foreman India-rubber Worker, DOUGLAS CAIRNEY, of Queen Margaret Crescent,
Glasgow, aforesaid, Stockbroker, THOMAS DUNN GLEN, of Cambridge Drive,
Glasgow, aforesaid, Cycle Agent, and WILLIAM PURVIS, of Park Road, Glasgow,
aforesaid, Cycle Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements on Patent No. 11425 of 1892 and is
designed to apply pneumatic tyres to the wheels of vehicles without an inner air
tube or bladder and to provide protectors for pneumatic tyres when applied to
common road vehicles.
It consists essentially in the combination with the felloes of an ordinary wheel of
a covering of rubber fitting closely over the rim or edges of the felloes and over
the iron hoop by which they are held together with a pad or cushion formed
thereon and projecting upwards towards the cover; and a cover or tread secured
thereto by means of plates or rings bolted to the sides of the wheel which compress
the edges of the cover tightly against the sides of the rubber cover thereby forming
an air tight joint the inner side of the cover being formed with an internal cushion
to strike against the cushion attached to the wheel to prevent collapse of the tyre
in case of loss of the air contained therein, and in the combination with the outer
tread of steel protectors either in the form of a number of steel segments or steel
bands placed both inside and outside the outer cover or tread and riveted or bolted
together.
In carrying out the invention for common road vehicles we construct a wheel
very much in the ordinary way with wooden felloes shod with and held together
by a hoop or ring of iron on the periphery the outer edge however being preferably
slightly recessed to allow for the fixing of the outer tread as described in
Specification of Patent No. 1142592.
Over the rim of the wheel so constructed covering both the periphery and the
edges of the felloes is placed or provided a covering of rubber which closes all
crevices or holes through which air might escape either drilled in the iron hoop or
between it and the wooden felloes. On this cover we provide a cushion or
projection of rubber standing up above the rim of the wheel of sufficient thickness
to form a buffer for the cover or tread should the air escape therefrom through
puncture or otherwise.
Over this is then placed an external cover or tread strong enough to bear several
hundred pounds pressure. This cover is fitted closely to both sides of the felloes
and is tightly clamped thereon, a space being left beyond the periphery. This
cover is formed of rubber with strips of textile material, tape, leather, whip cord,
steel bands, wire, or the like inserted therein to resist internal pressure, these strips
being firmly bedded in the rubber so that the rubber cannot be easily stripped off
or removed therefrom. The inner surface of the cover is also formed with a
projection or cushion which comes against the other cushion in case of too great a
weight being put on the wheels or in case of the air escaping from the tyre.

page_text: The cover is clamped to the periphery of the wheels by means of plates or rings
bolted or screwed to the sides of the felloes. The cover thus clamped tightly
against the rubber covering enveloping, the hoop or ring of iron and the felloes an
air tight joint is formed and the space between the periphery of the rubber
covering and the outer tread is then pumped or filled with air to any desired
pressure.
Instead of the cushions on the inner and outer covers a ring or buffer of rubber
or other material of any desired thickness may be inserted in the air-space prior to
the cover being placed in position to act as a buffer in case of extra pressure being
applied to the periphery of the wheel or in case of the rubber becoming punctured
so that in either case the wheel can be continued in use without causing further
damage.
The outer tread of this wheel or of other wheels with pneumatic tyres may be
protected by protector plates placed inside and outside and rivetted together.
These be
may in the form of short segments of circles curved to fit the wheel and
preferably placed diagonally across it. For light wheels rivets with rivet plates'
or heads to form wearing surfaces may be employed instead of the segmental
pieces.
An air valve is inserted through the felloes into the space between them and the
cover through which the desired pressure of air may be pumped.
Dated this 6th day of February 1894.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Tyres or Wheels of
Vehicles.
We, WILLIAM STELFOX, of Lorne Street, Moss Side, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Tin Plate Worker, JAMES WEDDERBURN OGILVY
WALKER, of Oxford Drive, Kelvinside, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Foreman India-rubber Worker, DOUGLAS CAIRNEY, of Queen Margaret Crescent,
Glasgow, aforesaid, Stockbroker, THOMAS DUNN GLEN, of Cambridge Drive,
Glasgow, aforesaid, Cycle Agent, and WILLIAM PURVIS, of Park Road, Glasgow,
aforesaid, Cycle Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to improvements on Patent No. 11425 of 1892 and is
designed to apply pneumatic tyres to the wheels of vehicles without an inner air
tube or bladder and to provide protectors for pneumatic tyres when applied to
common road vehicles.
•
It consists essentially in the combination with the felloes of an ordinary wheel of
a covering of rubber fitting closely over the rim or edges of the felloes and over the
iron hoop by which they are held together with a pad or cushion formed thereon
and projecting upwards towards the cover; and a cover or tread secured thereto
by means of plates or rings bolted to the sides of the wheel which compress the
edges of the cover tightly against the sides of the rubber cover thereby forming
an air-tight joint the inner side of the cover being formed with an internal cushiou
to strike against the cushion attached to the wheel to prevent collapse of the tyre
in case of loss of the air contained therein, and in the combination with the outer
tread of steel protectors in the form of a number of steel segments placed both
inside and outside the outer cover or tread and riveted or bolted together.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which part of a wheel is shown to illustrate the invention.

page_text: Fig. 2. Side elevation of same partly in section.
Fig. 3. Plan of same.
Fig. 4. Transverse section shewing construction of tyres for light wheels without
internal buffers and without external protector plates.
Fig. 5. Perspective view of protector.
The wheel of the vehicle is constructed very much in the ordinary way for
common roads with wooden felloes A shod with and held together by a hoop or
ring B of iron on the periphery the outer edge however being preferably slightly
recessed to allow for the fixing of the outer tread as described in Specification of
Patent No. 11425.
Over the rim or felloes A of the wheel is placed a covering C of rubber which
covers both the periphery and sides of the felloes and closes all crevices or holes
through which air might escape either drilled in the iron hoop or between it and
the wooden felloes. On the upper side of the cover C is formed or placed a
cushion or projection D of rubber or other suitable elastic material. The
cushion D extends beyond the periphery of the wheel rim and is of sufficient
thickness to form a buffer or support for the outer cover or tread E should the air
escape therefrom through puncture or otherwise.
The outer or external cover E is fitted over the rim covering C with a space
between the two to receive air under pressure and is clamped tightly to both sides
of the felloes against the sides of the inner cover C, an air-tight joint being thereby
formed between the two covers C and E.
The external cover E is clamped or held in position over the periphery of the
wheel felloes A by means of plates or rings H bolted or screwed to the sides of the
felloes. The cover E being thus clamped tightly against the inner rubber
covering C enveloping the hoop or ring of iron and the felloes an air-tight joint is
formed or if desired or found necessary the lower edges of the two covers where
they are clamped together may be treated with suitable cement or solution to
make them adhere. The space between the periphery of the inner rubber
covering C and the external covering or tread E is afterwards pumped or filled
with air to any desired pressure.
The inner side of the external cover E is formed or provided with a cushion or
projection F corresponding with the cushion D on the inner cover C which together
will act as a buffer in case of too great a weight being put upon the wheels or of
the air escaping from the tyre.
The external cover or tread E is formed of rubber e and canvas or other suitable
material the canvas or other material e¹ being embedded in or attached to the
rubber e. The material e may be strips of textile material, tape, leather, whip-
cord, steel bands, wire, or the like inserted therein to resist internal pressure, these
strips being firmly bedded in the rubber so that the rubber cannot be easily stripped
off or removed therefrom.
Instead of the projections D and F' on both the covers C and E one only may be
formed with such projection or a cushion or buffer may be formed of a ring or
hoop of rubber or other suitable material of any desired thickness inserted in the
air space prior to the external cover Ę being placed in position.
The external cover E of the tyre may be protected by protector plates G placed.
on the outer surface and held in position by being riveted to a plate or washer g
on the inside. The plates G are preferably in the form of short segments of circles
of a radius to fit the periphery of the tyre and placed diagonally across it. These
plates are preferably constructed as illustrated being riveted or connected together
in pairs. As we at present construct the external cover E we prefer to attach the
segmental plates G in position with the inner plates or washers g resting agai.ist
the canvas e and then attach thereto the buffer F.
For light wheels the cushions D and F may be dispensed with as in Fig. 4, or
rivets with rivet plates or heads to form wearing surfaces may be employed instead

page_text: .
of the segmental plates G. The outer cover or tread of other wheels with
pneumatic tyres may be similarly protected by protector plates riveted on.
An air valve is inserted through the felloes into the space between the two
covers through which air to the desired pressure may be pumped.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim 18-
1. A tyre for wheels constructed with an inner cover enclosing and covering the
periphery and sides of the felloes to prevent the escape of air and provide an air-
tight joint and an outer cover or tread with a space between the two covers into
which air under pressure can be pumped substantially as described.
2. In a tyre for the wheels of vehicles the combination with the felloes A and
hoop B of the inner cover C covering the felloes, the buffer D projecting therefrom,
the external cover E, the buffer F on the inner side thereof with an air space
between the two covers substantially as described.
3. A tyre for the wheels of vehicles constructed and arranged either with or
without the protecting plates G substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 6th day of November 1894
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.