Improvements in or connected with Tube Wrenches and Cutters.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1892-Accepted, 7th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Tube Wrenches and Cutters.
I, THOMAS ROBINSON PAXTON, of. Burton, in the County of Westmoreland,
General and Estate Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to that type of apparatus known as tube wrenches and
tube cutters.
£6
According to this invention, the apparatus or tool has its head or outer jaw fixed
on the handle or shank and has a bifurcated inner jaw which forms a double toothed
grip" and which is of the same thickness as the head. The bifurcated inner jaw
or "grip" ships over the shank, and is connected at its rear end to the shank by
a pin, so that it is free to move in front of the outer jaw or head. A flat, spiral,
or other spring is provided to hold the "grip" to its work. The shank is provided
with a series of holes, through any of which the pin which connects the "grip
may take, so that the capacity of the jaws is adjustable. The handle of the tool
may be made of a T section and the ends of the spring may come under the
flange.
"
To enable the tool to be used as a tube cutter, I provide a bifurcated strap, the
ends of which can be connected by a pin to the "grip." The cutter is a wheel
with a sharp edge, the axle of which is the pin which connects the strap to the
"grip." At the top, the strap is provided with a screw, the function of which is
to tighten the cutter against the tube which is cut by turning the tool round the
tube.
The tool is used without the tube cutting attachment when required for a
wrench, and with the attachment for tube cutting.
Dated this 30th day of June 1891.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Tube Wrenches and Cutters.
I, THOMAS ROBINSON PAXTON of Burton in the County of Westmoreland,
General and Estate Ironmonger do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that type of apparatus known as tube wrenches and
tube cutters.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1, represents a side view of the tool as a tube wrench, the dotted lines
shows how the wrench grips a tube;
Fig. 2, is a view of the top side or back of the wrench Fig. 1, with part of the
shank broken off';
Fig. 3, is a side view of the apparatus fit up as a tube cutter, with part of the
shank broken off;
Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in any of the figures in which
they occur.
According to this invention the apparatus or tool has its head or outer jaw, A,
[Price Bd.]

page_text: fixed on the handle or shank, B, and has a bifurcated inner jaw which forms a
double toothed grip C, and which is the same thickness as the head A. The
bifurcated inner jaw or grip C, ships over the shank B, from the underside, and is
connected at its rear end to the shank B, by the pin D. The said pin D, may be
made suitable to screw in by the hand as shown in Fig. 2, and acts as the axle for
the grip or inner jaw C, the said grip C, being free to move on its axle, in front of
the outer jaw or head A, as shown in Fig. 1. The shank B, is provided with a
series of holes F. Seven holes are shown in the wrench Fig. 1, through any of
which the pin D, which connects the grip C, to shank B, may take, so that the
capacity of the apparatus or tool is adjustable.
The spring E, as shown in Fig. 1, is a flat spring, placed in between two small
cheeks, said cheeks being formed on the grip C.
Through the cheeks a square axle G, passes, and round which said axle, the flat
spring is wound, in such a way that it cannot slip round the square axle G.
The outer or loose end of the flat spring E, bears against the under edge of the
shank B, as shown in Fig. 1, thus giving the grip C, an inward pressure against
the tube, which pressure enables the wrench to be used without the operator
holding the grip.C, to its work, the spring is only to give the grip, its first hold of
the tube, as the wrench increases its grip or hold, of the tube, in proportion to the
weight or pressure put upon its lever, or shank B, the grip or inner jaw C, gives
up its hold of the tube on the return motion of the wrench, its teeth passing freely
over the tube. The apparatus or tool may be made without a spring if desired.
The spring is of no use to the tool as a tube cutter; the handle or shank B, of the
tool may be made of a T section to increase its strength; to enable the tool or
apparatus to be used as a tube cutter, I provide a bifurcated strap H, as shown in
Fig. 3, the ends of which I connect by a pin K, to the grip C, as shown in Fig. 3,
said pin K, passes through both forks of the grip C, and through both ends of the
strap H, also through the cutter wheel J, for the axle for said cutter wheel which
is placed in between the two forks of the grip C, the pin K, may be made suitable
to screw into its place by hand as pin D, in Fig. 2, or with a screw eye as shown
in Fig. 3, the top of the strap H, I provide with a screw I, as shown in Fig. 3, the
function of which is to tighten the cutter wheel J, against the tube L, which said
tube is cut by turning the tool round it. The tool is used without the cutting
attachment when required for a wrench, and with the attachment for tube cutting;
or the tool may be made as a wrench only, as shown in Fig. 1; and as a wrench
only, the tool may be made with the head same thickness as the shank, or handle;
but the wrench would not then grip and turn nuts, especially thin back nuts on
tubes so well as with the head of the same thickness as the inner jaw or grip C.
I do not bind myself to have the head of wrench inclined to the same angle as
shown, but it may incline outward instead of inward as shown, but the inside of
the head would then require to be toothed, or it would not grip a tube or nut; also
I do not bind myself as to the length of the grip, or the degree of bend in the
shank, or handle, one depends to some extent upon the other, if the grip be made
longer, the bend in the shank or handle B, will do less acute, the bend in the
shank enables a wrench with a short grip, to grip and turn larger tubes than could
be done with the wrench, if it had a straight shank, or handle, and a short grip;
but I prefer to make the grip, in the same proportionate size to the shank B, as
drawn I also prefer to bend the shank, or handle, to the same degree, and to have
the head inclined, inward, to the same angle as illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A double or bifurcated grip in a tube wrench which ships on to the shank or
handle from the underside, the rear end of said grip being pivoted or jointed by a
pin or axle, to the said shank, or lever, which is provided with holes for
adjustment.

page_text: 2. A handle, shank, or lever, in a wrench having a bend in itself, near to its
head end, for the purpose of getting the grip more over or better to its work, than
a straight handle, shank, or lever, would do.
3. A combination of a tube cutter with a wrench by means of a bifurcated strap,
cutter wheel, and tightening screw, as illustrated and described.
4. The improved tube wrench and combination of same for tube cutters herein-
before described and represented in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 31st day of March 1892.
THOMAS ROBINSON PAXTON.