Improvements in Hand Planes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1894-Accepted, 25th May, 1894
Improvements in Hand Planes.
We, GEORGE ARCHIBALD BROWN, of 11 Back Thornton Place, Joiner, and
JAMES BROWN, of 38 Sorley Street, Butcher, both in Sunderland, in the County
of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
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The improvements relate to fitting the top or cover "irons to the knives of
hand planes, and are applicable to all planes in which such irons are used,
whereby adjustment of the edge to the cutting edge of the knife is greatly
facilitated.
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In planes as now fitted this top or cover iron is adjusted in a slot through
the knife by means of a gripping screw one end of which works in a tapped
"jam nut which is let into a square hole to prevent it turning round, the screw
having a solid head or nut by which the two irons can be drawn together when the
edges are adjusted. This adjustment requires to be perfectly true, and parallel but,
owing to the head or nut on the screw bearing upon the knife in screwing it tight,
it almost invariably twists the irons relatively to each other and destroys the
adjustment of the edges necessitating easing back the screw and readjusting them
which has frequently to be done several times and as the relation of the edges to
each other cannot be seen when tightening up the jam nut, as they are on the
opposite side, it is very uncertain and a rough and ready hammering of the head of
the gripping screw is adopted to its injury and much time is thus wasted every time
the knife has to be sharpened.
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cover
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According to our improvements the knife is not altered but the top or
iron has rivetted, or otherwise secured, to it a collar in which the gripping screw
turns freely but cannot come out. On the outer or upper face of the top or cover
iron the collar forms a projecting level face upon which the gripping screw head
bears as a fulcrum when drawing the knife and back iron together. The top or
cover iron has a square hole punched or stamped in it so as to leave two horns
projecting inward and fitting into the slot in the knife in which they form guides
as well as acting as jaws, to prevent the tapped "jam nut" turning round, a square
upon it fitting between these jaws.
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When the edge of the top or
cover iron is adjusted to the edge of the knife
the two edges can be seen, whilst the screw head is being turned to draw the irons
together and, as in doing this, the underside of the head does not bear
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upon
the top
or cover iron but upon the outer face of the projecting collar, firmly secured
therein, there is no twisting action tending to destroy the adjustment of the edges
when once set and they are in sight whilst the screw is being turned.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
On the accompanying drawings we shew our invention in one form in which it
may be practically applied, but we do not bind ourselves to details which may be
modified without departing from the essential objects in view which are:-1st. To
obtain a fixed abutment as a fulcrum on which the head of the gripping screw bears
when drawing the knife and top or "cover" iron together the edges of the two
irons being in sight of the workman, and 2nd to provide in the top or cover
iron projecting horns as guides to work in the slot in the knife for the double
purpose of keeping the two irons true relatively to each other and to receive
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"

page_text: 113 a view of the outer face of the top or
face of the knife;
"
Cover
Iron in position upon
"
Fig. 2 a section on the centre line ab of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a section through the line c-d of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a view of the inner face of the top or cover iron; and
Fig. 5 is a section through the line e-f of Fig. 4.
A. is the top or
cover iron having punched, stamped, or otherwise formed in
it a square hole B. so that two horns C. project and form guides in the ordinary
slot D. in the knife E.
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Over the hole B. a round collar F. is rivetted by two studs G. through the top
or cover "iron and into this collar the gripping screw H. is fitted by its neck
being punched so as to countersink into a hole in the collar F. in which it is free
to turn round but cannot come out. The flat head of this screw, when turned to
draw the knife and the top or cover iron together, bears upon the face of the
fixed collar F. as a fulcrum, the other end of the screw working in the tapped
nut K. a square neck on which enters between the horns C and prevents the nut
turning round.
ແ
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It will be seen that when the knife and the top or cover iron are to be fitted
the screw H. being turned in the tapped nut draws the square neck between the
horns. The edges of the knife and back plate are now adjusted and the gripping
screw H. is further turned by its slotted head till the knife and the top or cover
iron are firmly secured, the adjusted edges being always in sight of the workman,
but once set it is almost impossible, without negligence, that they can get out of
adjustment because, owing to the horns C being guided in the slot D, there is no
twisting between the top or "cover" iron and the knife by the underside of the
head of the screw turning upon the surface of the latter as a fulcrum.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
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1st. The Improvements in Hand Planes consisting in making the top or "cover
iron with a square or rectangular hole from which hole horns project into the slot
in the knife to act as guides and between which the jam-nut is prevented turning
round when the gripping screw is operated and in combination with the same a
fixed collar projecting from the outer face of the top or "cover" iron to receive
the neck of the gripping screw and so secure it that it may be revolved but cannot
come out, and the face of which collar forms an abutment or fulcrum for the head
of said gripping screw the inner end of which works in the jam-nut secured from
turning round as aforesaid, the edges of the knife and of the top or
iron being always in sight of the workman when he is operating the gripping
screw substantially as described and in one form shewn.
or
" cover
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cover
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2nd. The Improvements in Hand Planes comprising a square hole B. in the top
iron A. with two horns C. projecting into the slot D. in the knife E. as
guides; the collar F. rivetted to the iron A. in which the adjusting screw H. is
fitted, its head bearing upon the collar as a fulcrum and its inner end working
into the tapped jam-nut K. which is secured against turning round by the
horns C. the whole constructed and operating substantially as described and
T. J. DANSON, F. Inst. P.A.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicants.
BUITM
T. J. DANSON, F. Inst. P.A.,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicants.