Year: 1885

page_text: I GEORG ALBERT GREEVEN of Brühl near Cologne in the German Empire
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :―
My invention has reference to means or apparatus for raising and forcing liquids
either by the direct action of one pump by means of a conduit or conduits of
liquid upon another pumping means and thereby to raise or force liquid to a higher
level or by means of the condensation of steam to act upon another pumping means
and thereby raise or force liquid to a higher level or by the employment of the
condensation of steam to cause directly the raising or forcing of liquid to a higher
level.
This invention has particularly for its object in part to enable the application of
pumping apparatus of the character of that described in the Specification of Letters
Patent No 1988 dated April 27th 1882 granted to Ernst Heinrich Greeven (on a
communication made to him from abroad by me the said Georg Albert Greeven
aforesaid) and to enable apparatus of such character to be employed under a greater
diversity of condition and to be worked with success without such accuracy of
construction or such highly skilled attention and care being requisite so as to
adapt these pumps to rougher use as in mines where water having much dirt
et cetera is required to be raised.
According to one modification in place of forming valve parts as set out in the
aforesaid specification I make the valve of a simple form conveniently as a plate
having a bevelled or inclined edge fitting a correspondingly formed seat and having
ribs projecting inwards of the passage adapted to preserve parallelism of motion
and the valve operates and is operated by means of a connecting rod, a piston rod
which passes down through, and to a lesser chamber at the lower part of, the pump
chamber of the steam vacuum character, where this rod is attached to a piston.
The pump chamber receives an injection in the usual way through a direct passage
from the delivery passage or the piston is formed with an opening for injection.
The lower part of the lesser chamber is by a suitable channel in communication
with the delivery passage of the pump.
The steam vacuum pump chamber is at its lower part in communication by &
wide channel with the valve chamber carrying the suction valve or valves and the
delivery valve or valves.
In operation the steam valve being turned and steam admitted to the pump
chamber from the steam channel on the opening of the valve, the water in the
pump chamber is forced down and the suction valve being shut, it passes out by
the delivery channel until the steam has filled the chamber down to a point of
enlargement, when expansion taking place the steam supply regulating valve is
caused to close by the action of the water in the delivery pipe pressing on the
under side of the piston in the lesser chamber condensation ensues, the delivery.
exit closes, the injection of water into the steam filled pump chamber takes place,

page_text: and water enters by the suction valve passage, until the steam again overcomes
the inlet valve pressure and the series of operations is repeated.
In order to enable such apparatus as is described in the prior specification of
patent No 1988 of 1882 or such as that just described or steam vacuum pump of
like character to be employed for forcing or raising liquid from a greater depth
than it would otherwise be able to do I provide in a suitable pipe at a suitable
distance from the vacuum pump an auxiliary pump consisting of a chamber of two
diameters and containing each one of two diameters of pistons connected by a
stem or connection and the water forced by the vacuum pump presses on the smaller
piston and by the larger piston forces water to the higher point whereat the
vacuum pump is located at each up stroke it takes in fresh water through a valve
and forces up that water already taken in and in the return stroke the larger
piston passes through the water and the fresh water passes through the valves of
the larger piston into the chamber above it ready to be lifted in the next up
stroke.
Thus if the vacuum pump is employed at the mouth of a pit, or other place,
from which water is to be lifted the auxiliary pump is applied near to the lower
part of the pit in a main pump pipe and the auxiliary pump working simultaneously
with the main pump brings the water up to the level of this main pump with a
force which is proportionate to the difference of areas between the smaller piston
and that of the larger piston.
Or when it is required to force water from a certain point to which it has been
lifted by the vacuum pump to a greater height an auxiliary pump operated by the
forced water of the vacuum pump delivery is used modified by placing the larger
diameter piston in its chamber in connection with the vacuum pump and the
smaller piston in its chamber with the pipe of delivery the two piston chambers
being connected by a hollow tubular connection regulated by a valve at the upper
part; a casing encloses both piston chambers the larger one on the upper side of
its piston being in connection with it for atmospheric pressure to act on it by
means of its contained water.
According to a modification the vacuum pump chamber controlled as to admission
and cut off of steam either by a valve arrangement as shown in the specification of
the former Patent referred to or of that already herein described, or otherwise,
provided with a suitable injection means and suction and delivery passages and
valves, has a lower chamber in which are two diameters of piston chamber and a
double piston having one head adapted to the upper diameter and another to the
lower one and a communication closed by a valve through the connecting stemn
and in like manner the outer side of the larger piston is open to atmospheric
pressure from water enclosed in a case surrounding the chambers or the communi-
cation from the outer face of the larger piston head to the smaller one may be by a
separate channel at the side.
According to another modification the auxiliary portion or double piston portion
may governor effect the control of the valve of the vacuum pump for steam
supply and cut off by a positive connection between the piston stem and the steam
valve regulated however by means of springs and concussion reducing parts which
are interposed in the connecting rods telescopically or otherwise and the injection
may be attained by a pipe or channel between the outer chamber beyond the
smaller piston head and the larger piston chamber which piston acts as a cut off
thereto.
Or this auxiliary portion of a pumping installation may be used with any suit-
able existing main pumping means.

page_text: I GEORG ALBERT GREEVEN of Bruhl near Cologne in the German Empire
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUMPS FOR RAISING AND FORCING LIQUIDS and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
My invention has reference to means or apparatus for raising and forcing liquids
either by the direct action of one pump by means of a conduit or conduits of liquid
upon another pumping means and thereby to raise or force liquid to a higher level
or by mean of the condensation of steam to act upon another pumping means and
thereby raise or force liquid to a higher level or by the employment of the con-
densation of steam to cause directly the raising or forcing of liquid to a higher
level.
This invention has particularly for its object in part to enable the application of
pumping apparatus of the character of that described in the Specification of Letters
Patent No 1988 dated April 27th 1882 granted to Ernest Heinrich Greeven (on a
communication made to him from abroad by me the said Georg Albert Greeven
aforesaid) and to enable apparatus of such character to be employed under a
greater diversity of conditions and to be worked with success without such
accuracy of construction or such highly skilled attention and care being requisite
so as to adapt these pumps to rougher use as in mines where water having much
dirt et cetera is required to be raised.
Having thus described the character of my Invention I will now proceed by the
aid of the accompanying drawings to describe the same more in detail.
Figure 1 shews a section of one modification of arrangement of pump according
to the invention in which the valve v is of a simple form that of a plate v² having
a bevilled or inclined edge fitting a corresponding seat and having ribs ³ pro-
jecting inwards of the passage g adapted to preserve parallelism of motion and this
valve v operates and is operated by means of a connecting rod r forming a piston
rod which passes down through and to a lesser chamber c, e at the lower part of
the pump chamber h¹ of the steam vacuum chamber h where this rod is attached to
the piston p.
The pump chamber h receives an injection in the usual way through a direct
passage a from the delivery passage i.
Or the injection may be obtained by means of an opening formed through the
piston p. according to the arrangement shewn in Fig. 2.
The lower part of the lesser or piston chamber c, c is provided with a suitable
channel of communication b with the delivery passage i of the pump.
The steam vacuum pump chamber h at its lower part h¹ is in communication by
a wide channel h³ with the valve chamber carrying the suction valve or valves ¿²
and the delivery valve ³.
In the modification of the piston chamber Fig. 2 shewn s is a spring to aid the
movement of the piston in rising is an adjusting stud working by its screw
thread in its screwed seat in the valve case and serving to control the extent of the
movement of the valve rod rand valve v, as hereafter explained.
AW

page_text: In operation the steam valve being turned so that steam is permitted to enter
the passage g the steam is admitted to the pump chamber h from that steam
channel g the water is forced down therein and the suction valve 2 being shut
access to the suction pipe i¹ being cut off the water passes out by the delivery
channel until the steam has filled the chamber h down to a point h² where it has
enlargement, when expansion taking place the steam supply regulating valve vis
caused to close by the action of the water in the delivery pipe i pressing on the
under side of the piston p. in the lesser chamber c, condensation then ensues, the
delivery exit is closed, the injection of water into the now steam filled pump
chamber h takes place, and water enters by the suction valve passage i¹, until the
pump chamber being filled with water the pressure on both sides of the piston
becoming equalised the stean again overcomes the inlet valve pressure and the
series of operations is repeated.
Among the advantages attendant on the modification represented by Fig. 2 are
that the lesser chamber c being formed open at its lower part and being surrounded
by the chamber d d an air vessel is formed in order to ensure instantaneous action
and to avoid shocks. It is also well to balance the weight of the piston p, piston
rod r and valve v by the spring.
A modification of this arrangement (Fig. 2) may be constituted by the omission
of the communication pipe b shewn in Fig. 1 communicating between the chamber i
and the chamber d, the action then being made dependent upon the water under
pressure from the chamber h passing by the orifice a (Fig. 2) into the air vessel d
compressing the air therein and as soon as that air has the same density as the
steam in the chamber h then the valve piston p. will rise by the action of the
springs the equilibrium of the liquid on either side being established and
the valve v by the rod r will be closed and tho condensation in the chamber bas
already explained being set up the excess of pressure which took place in the
chamber dis relieved by the return of part of the liquid by the same orifice a
and so on.
It will be sufficiently evident to any one practically conversant with this class of
apparatus that instead of the piston p, an elastic plate of any suitable description
may be employed.
In order to enable such apparatus as is described in the prior specification of
Patent No 1988 of 1882, or such as that just described, or a steam vacuum pump
of like character to be employed for forcing or raising liquid from a greater depth
than it would otherwise be able to do I provide apparatus according to one or other
of the modifications indicated by Fig. 3, and 4, and 5, and 6.
In a suitable pipe m (see Fig. 3 & 5) at a suitable distance from the primary
pump P (or vacuum pump) I locate an auxiliary pump p at about the same level
as the main pump. This auxiliary enables the delivery water of a deeply placed
pump, as P, to be delivered at a greater height, or against a greater pressure than
the main pump itself would be capable of.
In Figs. 4 & 6 is shewn a modified apparatus having the object of raising water,
by means of a pump placed high up, from a considerable depth to the level of the
main pump P, or to a certain distance above it.
This auxiliary apparatus p is placed at the depth from which the water is
delivered and not higher above the water level than that of suction height.
Fig. 3 shews the first of the foregoing arrangements in connection with pump P
which draws the water and in the return stroke of its piston it drives it up under
the differential piston pl p² of the auxiliary apparatus.
There is a passage p³ through the differential piston p fitted with a valve p¹
The small piston p lifts the water above the valve p' with a pressure as many
times greater as that of the pump pressure as the area of the piston p¹ is larger
than that of the piston p³.
The cylinder h¹ for the piston pt is open above and when the pump draws the
differential piston p¹p is depressed by the atmospheric pressure on the upper
surface of the piston p', the delivery valve ³ closes, the valve p¹ lifts and the

page_text: water under the piston p enters from the larger cylinder h¹ into the small
cylinder h² through 23. The rest of the water which cannot be received in the
small cylinder 2 flows back into the main pump which also draws a fresh quantity
of water.
The delivery water may be caused to pass wholly or only partly through the
apparatus. In the latter case the pump may be provided with a second branch
delivery pipe which delivers water for other purposes to a less height than the
delivery height of the auxiliary apparatus.
In the modified form of apparatus shewn in Figures 4 & 6 the delivery water
will in the descent of the pump P pass under the small piston p² and the large
piston praises the water standing on it according to the pressure of the pump
piston reduced in the proportion of the respective areas.
In this also the pump p
consisting of two diameters a larger one h¹ and a lesser h² and containing each one
of two larger and smaller diameters of pistons respectively p¹ and p² connected by
a stem or connection ps and the water forced by the vacuum pump presses on the
smaller piston p and by the larger piston p¹ forces water to the higher point
whereat the main pump is located, at each up stroke it takes in fresh water
through a valve p and forces up that water already taken in and in the return
stroke the larger piston pl passes through the fresh water in chamber h¹-sucked up
before through or in other words the fresh water passes through the valves c of
larger piston into the chamber h¹ above it, ready to be lifted by the next upstroke
of that piston p¹.
The arrangement relatively of the passages and pistons will be varied somewhat
according to the work to be performed and the situation of the prime mover pump
relatively thereon.
Thus, if the main pump, for instance, is employed at the mouth of the pit, or
other high place, from which water is to be lifted the auxiliary pump p (Figs. 4.-6)
is applied near to the lower part of the pit in a main pump pipe m and the
auxiliary pump working simultaneously with the main pump brings the water
up to the level of this main pump with a force which is proportionate to the
difference of areas between the smaller piston p³ and the larger piston p¹.
Or, when it is required to force water from a certain point to which it has been
lifted by the main pump to a greater height an auxiliary pump p operated by the
forced water of the main pump delivery is used, modified by placing (Fig. 5) the
larger diameter piston in its chamber h¹ in connection with the main pump
channel and the smaller piston p' in its chamber with the pipe of delivery i
the two piston chambers h h being connected by a hollow tubular connection p³
this tubular passage pa being regulated as to admission of water therethrough by &
valve p', opening upwards, placed at its upper end. A casing 9 encloses both piston
chambers h' and h² the larger one h¹ on the upper side of its piston p¹ being in
connection with it for atmospheric pressure to act on it by means of its contained
water.
According to a modification the vacuum chamber h of the pump (see Figure 7)
controlled as to admission and cut off of steam either by a valve arrangement as
shewn in the specification of the former Patent referred to or of that already
herein described or otherwise, provised with a suitable injection means and suction
and delivery passages i¹ and i respectively and having a lower chamber ¹ in
which there are two diameters h¹ h² of piston chamber and a double piston p
having one head p¹ the larger adapted to the upper diameter and another p³ the
smaller, adapted to the lower one h¹ and provided in the stem p connecting the two
heads with a communication channel på closed by a valve p*; & through the outer
side of the larger piston på p being open it is subject to atmospheric pressure
pressing on water enclosed in the case q surrounding the chambers h¹, h².
Or the communication from the outer face of the larger piston head to the
meone may be by a separate channel and valve at the side as indicated by
the dotted lines t, t, t¹.

page_text: According to another modification shewn by Figure 8 the auxiliary portion por
double piston portion, may govern, or effect, the control of the movements of the
valve of the vacuum pump for the steam supply and cut off by a positive
connection p between the piston stem p³ and the steam valve v regulated however
which
by means of springs and concussion reducing parts, enclosed in the part p³,
parts are interposed as shewn in the connecting rods p' p8 and adapted (as more
clearly shewn to an enlarged scale at Fig. 9) so as to operate telescopically p' being
an outer and upper part of the connection within which the inner and lower part
of the connection 26 has a limited traverse, controlled upwards by the stop p° and
downwards by the stop formed by the neck p10 engaging the spring holding
plate p the said plate being always pressed from the abutment p10 by the inter-
posed spring p12, another spring p13 is also interposed between the stop p attached
to the sheath p' and the abutment plate p¹ on the lower stem pº.
In Figures 7 & 8 u is a let off cock and is the suction passage and i the dis-
charge pipe. In the former figure x shews an air chamber having an injection
pipe a delivering into the bottom of chamber h. In the latter figure is a valve
controlling at will the passage of steam from the steam passage g. by the steam
pipe to the chamber hand for use in starting the apparatus. 7 is a pipe giving
means of communication between the under side of the piston 22 in the lesser
chamber and the upper and inner side of the piston p¹ in the larger chamber h
acting as a cut off thereto.
Throughout the foregoing description in reference to the auxiliary pumps the
main pump may be a vacuum pump or as indicated in Figures 3 and 4 a piston
pump, it being immaterial which is used for the purpose of illustrating my
invention as this auxiliary portion of a pumping installation may be used with
any suitable existing main pumping means so long as the same be inserted between
the suction and the delivery valves of the primary pump.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The improvements in the construction or arrangement of parts of pumps for
raising and forcing liquids as described herein and shewn by Figures 1 and 2.
2. The construction or arrangement of parts of auxiliary pumping apparatus
for raising and forcing liquid operating in conjunction with a primary pump as
described and shewn with reference to Figures 3 and 4.
3. The combinations or arrangements of parts forming pumping apparatus for
raising and forcing liquids operating as described and shewn with reference to
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8.
4. The general arrangement or combination of and mode of working pumping
apparatus for raising and forcing liquids substantially as herein described and shewn
by the drawings.