An Improved Stop-cock and Nozzle for Discharging Liquids in the Form of either a Jet or a Spray.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 30th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 27th Nov., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Stop-cock and Nozzle for Discharging Liquids in the
Form of either a Jet or a Spray.
WILLIAM HANLON M.A. The Rectory, Innishannon, Co. Cork, Ireland Clerk
in Holy Orders do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Attached in any suitable manner to a hose, pipe, or other source of fluid under
pressure, is a round externally conical piece like the plug of a stop-cock, hereinafter
called the cone, having two internal longitudinal passages running in from its
anterior & posterior ends towards the centre, not meeting, but having each an exit
some distance apart at the same side of the cone. Revolving round the cone is an
internally conical sleeve, like the barrel of a stop-cock, hereinafter called the sleeve
having in one side of its internal surface a chamber into which the exits of the cone
open. This sleeve has on its external circumference several projecting spurs or
a milled surface to facilitate its being revolved by the hand. It is secured in its
place by a washer & nut screwed on the projecting anterior end of the cone which
end acts as a nozzle or jet.
The action is as follows:-the sleeve being revolved till its chamber registers with
the exits in the side of the cone, fluid under pressure admitted to the posterior
passage in the cone flows into the chamber & out through the anterior passage in
a jet. A slight turn of the sleeve deflects the stream of fluid & causes it to issue
in a spray.
The passages in the cone may each have more than one exit & the sleeve may
have more than one chamber.
In a modification of this device one or more of the internal chambers in the sleeve
is prolonged as a groove to the narrow end of the sleeve & opens under the washer
aforesaid which latter has a gap through which the fluid can escape into a bell-shaped
cap screw on narrow end of sleeve & having a hole for the issue of the fluid.
As the gap in the washer is made to more or less coincide with the end of the groove
in sleeve the fluid issues in a spray while the flow of the fluid out at the nozzle is
not interfered with but may take place at one & the same time.
In a further modification of this device the anterior & posterior passages in the
cone form a continuous passage having exits at the sides as before. In this passage
is placed a tube of less external diameter than the passage externally screw-threaded
at its posterior end & carrying an internally screw-threaded cap having its sides
partially cut away & fitted at its bottom with a seat to close the end of the tube,
when the latter is screwed down.-This cap slides up & down the passage in the
cone but is prevented revolving therein by an arm projecting from the cap into
a longitudinal groove in side of passage or other similar means The sleeve is
secured as before by a washer & nut which also act as a packing box to staunch
where the tube issues out of the passage in the cone the tube in this case forming

page_text: the nozzle or jet. A cap is screwed on to the narrow end of the sleeve as before,
through a hole in which the nozzle projects & forms an annular space between.
Over this annular space may be placed an adjustable ring attached to either the tube
or cap. The tube has an arm engaging with either the cap or sleeve which causes
it to revolve with them.
The action is as follows:-the cap & sleeve being revolved carry the tube round
also this causes the seat at its posterior end to recede & admit the fluid under
pressure which latter passes along the tube & out at the nozzle in a solid stream.
If the exits in the side of the cone are inade to coincide with the grooves in the
sleeve the fluid issues into the cap & out at the annular space aforesaid the flow
being regulated by the adjustable ring.
In a much simpler form of this device the passage through the cone is at right
angles to its length. The fluid under pressure enters & passes through the cone as
in an ordinary plug stop-cock, but instead of issuing forth in a straight course is
passed sideways into a cylindrical chamber provided with a nozzle or jet. When the
passage in the cone is full open the fluid issues in a solid stream, but on the cone
being adjusted the fluid is caused to sweep round this chamber & issues in
a spray.
In all these devices there is a certain point, as the sleeve revolves round the cone
at which the fluid is entirely cut off.
Dated this 96th day of November 1806
An Improved Stop-cock and Nozzle for Discharging Liquids in the
Form of either a Jet or a Spray.
I, WILLIAM HANLON, M.A., of The Rectory, Innishannon, in the County of Cork,
Ireland, Clerk in Holy Orders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved device for discharging liquids either in the
form of a jet or of a spray as desired and has reference more particularly to
a discharge tap or cock such as is usually employed in connection with hose pipes.
The said tap or cock is, according to my invention, so designed that the character
of the discharge can be changed from a jet to a shower or spray by merely varying
the position of the plug of the tap without in any way altering or changing the
nozzle thereof.
For this purpose, adopting the simpler form of device referred to in my provisional
specification, I construct the body of the tap with a chamber or cavity between the
plug and the nozzle and I provide the said plug with a passage which opens into the
aforesaid chamber circumferentially. The diameter of the said passage is greater
than that of the passage in the nozzle so that when the plug is in its fully open
position the liquid fills the chainber quicker than it can be emptie.l with the result
that the liquid is discharged from the nozzle in the form of a jet, but when the
plug is turned into a position to partially close the aforesaid passage, the liquid enters
the said chamber less quickly and by reason of its entrance taking place
circumferentially and diagonally a rapid rotary motion of the liquid in the said
chamber is set up, the result of which is that the liquid emerges in what I may
term a spiral manner and is thrown by its own centrifugal force into a shower or
spray of a fineness which varies according as the passage is more or less closed.
In applying my invention to an ordinary discharge tap I need not dispense with the

page_text: usual passage with which the conical plug is provided; indeed I find that such
passage is advantageons.
In order that my said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect, I will proceed to describe the same more fully by aid of the accompanying
drawings in which
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the discharge tap.
Figures 2 and 3 are longitudinal sections, in directions at right angles to each other
shewing the tap provided with two passages in its plug.
Referring more particularly to Figure 1, a is the body of the tap; b the nozzle
thereof; the plug and d the thumb piece for turning or adjusting the said plug.
e is the chamber or cavity, between the plug and the nozzle, in which the rotary
motion of the liquid is set up. f is the passage through the said plug, and g is
a passage corresponding thereto and extending from the chamber e transversely
through the stem of the tap. It will be observed that this passage is of greater
diameter than the passage in the nozzle and opens into the said chamber
circumferentially. is an inclined surface with which the said passage terminates
within the chamber e. i is the end of the hose or other pipe to which the tap is
secured and with which the passage g communicates.
When the parts are in the position shewn, the liquid flows into the chamber e and
out at the nozzle b in the form of a jet without any appreciable rotary motion thereof
being set up in the said chamber. When however the plug is turned angularly so
that the passage f does not fully coincide with the passage g, a rotary motion is set
up in the said chamber as aforesaid, and consequently the liquid issues from the
nozzle b in the form of a shower or spray.
Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, the tap shown therein has two passages f f¹
formed in its plug c the former being the circumferential passage and the latter the
passage with which the plug of an ordinary tap is provided. These two passages are
situated at an angle to each other as shewn in Figure 3 and correspond respectively
to two passages g g in the tap body both of which latter passages extend into the
chamber e. The end of the pipe i is in this case secured by solder or otherwise in
a socket a¹ formed on the tap, and it will be observed that the construction is such
that the inner surface of the pipe is exactly in line with the upper and lower
surfaces of the passages g g' so that the liquid meets with no impediment to its flow,
while if any solder should have run out of the joint while the pipe i was being secured
in position, it will collect in a space or chamber el which is provided for the purpose
and will be thus prevented from interfering with the free entrance of the liquid to
the said passages g g³.
When the parts are in the position indicated, that is to say with the circumferential
passage fully open to the chamber e, the liquid issues from the nozzle in the form
of a jet. A similar result is obtained when the central passage g is fully open except
that the jet is more pronounced. But when the plug is adjusted to a position to
fully close the passage gl and partially close the passage g, the shower is obtained as
already explained.
When the said plug is so adjusted that both of the passages g g are partially
open to the same extent the liquid escapes in the form of a coarse shower or spray
of the full capacity of the passage in the nozzle.
For taps of small size the arrangement shewn in Figure I will give satisfactory
results, but with taps of large size the two passages as shewn in Figures 2 and 3 will
be found inore advantageous and will need less accurate adjustment of the plug to
obtain the desired effects.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of tny said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A tap or stop-cock provided with a chamber between the plug and the nozzle
and with a passage opening into the said chamber circumferentially, for the purpose

page_text: 2. A tap or stop-cock constructed substantially as described for discharging liquid
in the form of a jet or of a shower, by varying the position of its plug.
Dated this 27th day of August 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.