Improvements in the Joints or Connections between Lengths of Pipes for Drainage or other Purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 18th Sept.,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Joints or Connections between Lengths of
Pipes for Drainage or other Purposes.
I, EDWARD COUSINS, of Palace Chambers, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My Invention relates to the joints or connections between lengths of pipes for
drainage or other purposes and more especially to stoneware and earthenware
pipes, and has for its object to provide an economical joint which is readily applied
and which is watertight and not liable to readily become imperfect in use.
According to my Invention the lengths of pipe to be joined are not provided
with a socket at one end, but are plain throughout, the ends which meet at the
joint being placed against each other so as to form a simple butt joint. Around
the meeting ends is placed a strip or webbing of canvas or other flexible material
and to the side of it which comes in contact with the pipe, clay or other suitable
plastic cementing material is applied, but I prefer to use fine well-tempered clay
free from stones or large particles, and applied to the strip or web somewhat more
thickly at the mid part of the strip or web, than it is at the sides. The joints
are then surrounded by an annular enclosure which for convenience of application
consists of two or more parts joined together by stoneware or iron bolts and
wedges, or other suitable fastenings, the said annular enclosure being provided
with inwardly extending flanges of rather larger diameter than the external
diameter of the pipes so as to allow for irregularity of form, the pipes resting
upon the lower part of the flange, an annular space being left around the joint
into which a composition is introduced to fill the said space; a temporary pellet
of clay being placed around the pipes to cover the joint between the sides of the
pipes and the flanges of the said annular enclosure, to prevent the escape of the
composition before it has time to set. A suitable composition for filling in the said
space is a mixture of coal-tar, pitch, sulphur, and sand, thoroughly incorporated
and heated or boiled together so as to be readily run into the said space and become
hard on cooling.
The accompanying drawing represents ends of two pipes provided with a joint,
according to my Invention. A B Figure represent the ends of the two pipes,
which butt against each other, as shewn in Figure 3 which is a longitudinal
central section. Figure 2 being a transverse section and Figure 1 a plan.
Beneath the butt ends of the pipes is a chair C, with inwardly projecting
flanges c at each side upon which the respective pipe ends rest. There is placed
in the chair before the pipe ends are placed in the chair a strip or web D of
canvas or other suitable flexible material to the inner side of which a layer d
of clay or equivalent material is applied as aforesaid. When the pipes are in
place with their ends abutting in the said chair C, the strip or web ) is drawn
tightly around the joint of the two pipes, the clay or the like causing it to firmly
adhere to the said pipes, part of the clay or equivalent, is thus forced between

page_text: the ends of the pipes. The strip or web is of a length sufficient to entirely
surround the joint and to overlap sufficiently to secure a tight closure, and it is
of a width sufficient to overlap each pipe end, say about an inch for pipes of
from 4 to 9 inches internal diameter, for larger sized pipes the width of the web
may be increased in width up to say three inches.
There is then placed over the joint a saddle-piece E, provided with a "get" or
opening e for the introduction of the aforesaid composition to the space between
the pipe ends and the chair and saddle, the said saddle having inwardly projecting
flanges like those c on the chair C and forming continuations thereof. The chair Č
is provided with lugs and the saddle piece E, is provided with corresponding
lugs, both being slotted for the reception of bolts with slots f through the slots
of which wedges are driven to bind the said chair and saddle piece firmly together.
Into the annular space which is formed around the joint between the flanges on
the chair C and saddle piece E, the aforesaid hot composition is introduced by
the "get" or opening e the air and any moisture escaping by the outlet at e³.
Before the composition is so introduced it is advisable to apply around the
outside at the places where the flanges of the chair and saddle-piece meet the
pipes, clay or equivalent material as represented at G. The pipe ends on the out-
side and also the inner surfaces of the flanges of the chair and saddle should be
left unglazed, and be serrated or roughened to give a firm hold of the clay or the
like and the composition.
Instead of using clay as at G I may use clips and clay (such as are used in
making the lead joints of iron pipes) to prevent the escape of the hot composition
before it sets.
I have shewn the annulus formed by the chair and saddle, as being in two parts,
but it may be in three or more parts if desired especially for large pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A pipe joint made by butting the two pipe ends together, and surrounding
the meeting ends by a flexible material with clay, or cement, between the said
flexible material and the pipe ends and surrounding this again by a device or
devices which encloses or enclose an annular space around the joint and introducing
a composition into the space so formed substantially as herein before described.
2. A pipe joint made substantially as herein before described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
Dated thi 1711
P
1007
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.