AN IMPROVED MEANS OR MODE OF DRYING ALL KINDS ОР WASTE ANIMAL, FISH OR OTHER MATTER
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Forsyth Johnstone of Brooksby Chemical Works
Bow Common Lane Middlesex Chemical and Manure Manufacturer for an
Invention of "AN IMPROVED MEANS OR MODE OF DRYING ALL KINDS ОР
WASTE ANIMAL, FISH OR OTHER MATTER
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Forsyth Johnstone at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th September 1882.
JOHN FORSYTH JOHNSTONE of Brooksby Chemical Works Bow Common Lane
Middlesex Chemical and Manure Manufacturer AN IMPROVED MEANS OR MODE
OF DRYING ALL KINDS OF WASTE ANIMAL FISH OR OTHER MATTER.'
"
The object of my Invention is to construct or arrange a Machine or apparatus
in such a manner that Waste Animal Fish or other matter can be dried without
allowing any noxious vapours to escape into the outside atmosphere and at
a much less cost than has been hitherto done
The Machine or apparatus consists of a shallow pan made of iron steel or other
metal the lower part of which forms a jacket for holding the Drying Agent
employed; the Machine or apparatus has also an opening at the top for the purpose
of allowing the Waste material to be operated upon being placed in the pan; the
Waste material is kept in motion during the drying process by agitators fixed to
an upright shaft so as to come as near as possible to the bottom of the pan, a
series of flat springs are also rivetted to the agitators so as to completely scrape the
bottom of the pan. And when the waste material is dried it is allowed to pass
through an aperture in the bottom of the Pan into a Receiver.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Forsyth Johnstone in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd March 1883.
JOHN FORSYTH JOHNSTONE of Brooksby Chemical Works Bow Common Lane
Middlesex Chemical Manure Manufacturer "AN IMPROVED MEANS OR MODE OF
DRYING ALL KINDS OF WASTE ANIMAL FISH OR OTHER MATTER
"
The object of my Invention is to construct or arrange a Machine or apparatus
in such a manner that waste animal fish or other matter can be dried without
allowing any noxious vapours to escape into the outside atmosphere and at a much
less cost than has been hitherto done
The Machine or apparatus consists of a shallow pan made of iron steel or other metal,
the lower part of which forms a jacket for holding the drying agent employed, the
Machine or apparatus has also an opening at the top for the purpose of allowing the
waste material to be operated upon being placed in the plan the waste material is
kept in motion during the drying process by agitators fixed to an upright shaft so
as to come as near as possible to the bottom of the pan-a series of flat springs are
also rivited to the agitators so as to completely scrape the bottom of the pan and
when the waste material is dried it is allowed to pass through an aperture in the
bottom of the pan into a receiver
The Drawings annexed shew a machine constructed according to my Invention
Figure 1 is a plan of the Machine with the covers removed
Figure 2. is an elevation
Figure 3 is a section on the line A. B. in Figure 1
Figure 4 is a plan shewing covers
Figure 5. is a cross section of agitator and spring or scraper
a. a. a. is a circular pan with a flange extending outwards all around it-the
flange rests upon the top of another flanged pan b. b. b. which is of larger diameter--
see Figures 2 and 3. The inner pan does not extend to the bottom of the outer
pan so that a space c. is left between the two pans around the sides and at the
bottom This space forms a steam jacket to which steam at a high pressure
superheated steam or other heating medium, such as hot air is supplied for the
purpose of heating the inner pan and drying any material which may be placed in
it. On the underside of the bottom of the pan a. are also projections to rest on the
bottom of the larger pan b and bolts are passed through the bottom of the pan b.
into these projections so as to bolt together the bottoms of the two pans and allow
of steam at a pressure of say 60 to 80 lbs: to the inch being supplied to the space
between them The top of the pan a. is closed over by covering plates f. the edges
of the plates are bolted down to the top flange of the pan a. and to a strong
girder m. which is fixed across the top of the pan-where the plates abut one
against the other they are also bolted down to bars which pass from the girder m.
to the sides of the pan-In this way the pan is closed over in an air tight manner
or nearly so.
The substance to be dried is fed into the inner pan a., through an opening e. in
one of the top covering plates f see Figure 4.-this opening is as shewn provided
with a suitable cover by which it can be closed during the drying operation-
g.are the agitators shewn in Figures 1. 2. 3. they extend horizontally from a vertical
axis h. to which a slow revolving motion is imparted-The agitators just clear the
side and bottom of the pan they also carry a series of flat springs p. p. p. p. see
Figures 1. 2. 3 and the cross section of one of the agitators shewn at Figure 5.
The springs form a series of scrapers which scrape over the whole of the bottom of

page_text: the pan-Each spring is also somewhat twisted so that its scraping edge is inclined
to the direction in which the scraper is moved-The matters scraped up by the
scrapers are in this way moved aside and escape through the spaces between the
scrapers instead of being carried forward in front of them.
The vertical spindle h. in Figures 1. 2. 3 is driven by a worm wheel i. seen in
figures 1. 2. 3 this is firmly fixed on the vertical spindle h. and engages a worm j.
on the horizontal shaft k. see Figures 1. 2. 3. Motion may be transmitted to the
shaft k. by suitable gearing such as shewn at l. or by belting or by other suitable
means-The vertical spindle works in a bearing carried by the strong girder m.
fixed across the top of the pan a. and at the bottom of the pan the spindle takes its
bearing in a step n. or otherwise
When the matter has been dried to a proper condition it is let out through a
door or trap o. at the bottom of the under pan b. b. b. of the machine-This door
as will be seen at Figures 1 and 2 is made to open downwards on a hinge joint
when closed it fills up a passage formed through the steam space c. and its top
comes level with the bottom of the pan a. The steam evaporated from the
material during the process of drying is exhausted out of the machine through a
pipe secured to an opening in the cover marked q. and is condensed or otherwise
rendered innocuous
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same I would have it understood that I claim
First. The construction and use of apparatus substantially as herein before
described for drying all kinds of waste animal fish and other matters
Second. The combination of the closed pan a. the steam jacket c. the outlet
passage o. through the bottom of the pan and the vertical shaft h. carrying
agitators g. substantially as described
In Witness whereof I the said John Forsyth Johnstone have hereunto set my
hand and seal this third day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three