Improvements in Sawing Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 17th June, 1899
Improvements in Sawing Machines.
I, JOHANNES WEBER, of Reutlingen, Würtemberg, Manufacturing Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
The present invention relates to a cold saw (circular saw) which can be adjusted
to any angle of cut or bevel and in which the device that produces the feed of the
carriage that holds the saw is thrown out of operation automatically so that the
saw can be rapidly adjusted to make a fresh cut; a spring being provided for the
purpose of softening the effects of shock and pressure.
The accompanying drawings illustrate an arrangement given by way of example
for carrying out this invention and in these drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation
of the cold saw partly in section. Figure 2 is a front end elevation partly in cross
section. Figure 3 is a front elevation of the movable bearing. Figure 4 is a
side elevation of the same, Figure 5 is a plan of the same.
In cold sawing machines (circular saws), the feed has hitherto been chiefly
effected by means of a suitable arrangement of weights, etc., which press the
tool (circular saw) that serves to cut through the work, permanently against the
article to be cut through. The present invention has now for object to provide a
cold saw in which first the saw itself can be adjusted to any angle of cut, and in
which the feed is effected automatically by means of suitable mechanisms pro-
vided on the machine, and in which also the said saw is thrown out of operation
automatically after each cut is completed, and so as to enable the saw to be rapidly
adjusted to make a fresh cut whilst a suitably arranged spring serves to soften
the shocks caused in cutting by the non-circular motion of the saw and also the
pressure.
For the above stated purposes there is arranged on one side of the spindle standard
A (the front part a of which is formed with a head that serves to hold the saw c),
a bearing guide piece e that is provided with an undercut longitudinal slot d. This
guide piece e is provided on its upwardly directed end surface with a lug f that
is formed with a hole. In the slot d of the guide piece e there is guided a bracket i
which serves to carry a shaft h.
The
The shaft is again guided in a movable bearing ; arranged on the spindle
standard, and it carries on its outermost free ends a rope cone (rope pulley) k
which corresponds with a rope pulley mounted on the spindle shaft m.
rope pulley and the toothed wheel n are rigidly connected together, and both rotate
together loose on the shaft h. With this toothed wheel n there engages a wheel o
which is fixed on one shaft with a wheel p. The wheel p engages in turn with a
wheel g which is fixed on the shaft h, and causes the latter to rotate so that the speed
of rotation of the shaft h (in consequence of this arrangement of wheel gearing) is
The spindle shaft m
considerably smaller than that of the spindle shaft m.
serves also as the shaft for driving the circular saw c, and it is provided with fast
and loose pulleys r s. The spindle standard A is held by means of a prism-shaped
guide on the bed B of the machine. On the bed B of the machine there is

page_text: arranged a toothed bar in which engages a pinion u that is mounted on a shaft v
which is carried in the spindle standard A and which itself carries a handle 10
on its free end. On this shaft there is also fixed a worm wheel which is
adapted to engage with the worm y that is rotatably moved on the shaft h.
The worm y is carried along by means of a friction clutch fixed on the shaft h,
so that by the rotation of the belt pulley r (fast pulley) and consequently also
during the rotation of the saw c by means of the rope pulleys and, the wheel
gearing n o p q and worm y with the worm wheel r, the pinion u rotate, and the
spindle standard A is moved forwards by means of the rack bar that is fixed on
the bed of the machine.
For the purpose of automatically throwing the feed motion out of operation,
there is mounted in the hole of the lug f (which is situated on the guide piece e),
a shaft which carries a lever that is provided with a handle.
The point of attachment of the lever on the shaft a¹ is formed as a boss the
free end of which has the shape of a non-circular disc or cam c' by means of
which the bearing bracket i can be moved downward by the rotation of the
lever bl.
This bracket carries the shaft h, and is constantly being pressed upwards by
a spring d. On the lever & there is provided a pin e' which carries a rod f.
This rod f is guided in a stop g' arranged on the Ged B of the machine. When
now the spindle standard A. of the machine moves forwards, the rod fl will be
carried along as well. Then a loose collar or ring h¹ which is arranged on the
rod f and which is set to suit the length of the feed, acts to effect the throwing
of the feed motion mechanism out of operation when the lever is rotated. By
rotating the lever b the worm wheel and the worm y move out of engagement.
Now by rotating the shaft by means of the handle w, the spindle standard A
and therefore the saw c, can be moved quickly back and be adjusted for a freeb
cut.
For the purpose of also effecting the adjustment of the saw for any desired
angle of cut, the head that holds the saw is fixed by means of screw bolts m¹
whose heads engage in a groove formed in the front end of the spindle standard A.
The head consists of a horseshoe shaped piece containing in its cavity (which is
formed by side cheeks ) the gearing (worm and worm wheel) j and that
serve to drive the saw c.
The projecting shoulder 11 of the front part of the
spindle standard A takes in the aforesaid cavity and serves to guide the head b
for the purpose of relieving the bolts m³ (that hold the head %) of load. The
bolts m' are formed with heads which take into the grooves n (having a dovetail
shape in cross section) of the spindle standard A, and by means of which the head b,
and therefore the saw, can be fixed to any desired angle of cut. The heads of these
bolts can be inserted at enlarged places of the grooves n'. The worm which
drives the saw, is mounted on the forward end of the spindle shaft m which pro-
jects from the spindle standard. The shaft o which is mounted in the side
walls of the head band which carries the worm wheel (that is mounted
between the side walls), also carries the saw blade con its free end between discs
which are fixed on by screwing on or other suitable means.
Should however in the regular automatic feed of the tool, the circular saw meet
with obstruction, such as very hard places in the work or the like, it is advisable
not to allow the saw to cut with the usual rate of feed upon the said obstruction,
but to have the power of keeping back the saw to a suitable extent automatically
by means of a suitable spring mechanism. For this purpose there is further 5
arranged on the shaft (which is made of suitable length), in addition to the
worm y, also a spiral spring pl which bears at one end against the worm y, (that
bears against the friction clutch) and at its other end against the collar g) which
is screwed on the shaft. The action of the spring p¹ is now such that if the saw in
cutting should meet any very hard places in the work or other obstructions, the 5
mechanical (actual) feed is reduced, that is to say, the spring p¹ is compressed.
The power which is thereby absorbed by the spring p¹ will be equalized (given out

page_text: again) later on automatically after the temporarily greater resistance has been
overcome. That is to say, if the saw meets any resistance, the result will be, since
the both the worm y and the worm wheel continue to move, that the worm y
will be caused by the pressure transmitted by the worm wheel z, to press against the
spiral spring p¹, so that the spindle standard A, that is to say, the saw c will
experience a retardation in their forward travel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
is ;-
(1) A cold saw (circular saw) having a feed which is adapted to be automatically
thrown out of operation, characterised by the fact that by means of a stop h¹ g¹
which enters in operation at the proper time, a shaft h or the like (which carries
the feeding or forwardly moving mechanisms) is moved, for the purpose of throwing
the mechanisms zy which effect the feed, out of operation.
(2) A cold saw having a feed which is adapted to be automatically thrown out
of operation, in accordance with Claim 1, characterised by the fact that an eccentric
disc or cam c or the like (which is operated by the stop mechanism g' h' moves a
bearing which moves the gear y up and down that is arranged upon a shaft h,
during their rotation, for the purpose of moving the gears y z out of or into engage-
ment, and thereby throw the feed out of or into operation.
(3) A cold saw characterised by the fact that the mechanical parts m¹ which
hold the head b.on the spindle standard A, are each guided by one the parts r
in such a manner in an undercut groove n¹ formed in the end face of the spindle
standard, that the head, and the saw c, can be adjusted to any angle of cut, and
can be fixed to said angle by means of these parts m¹.
(4) A cold saw in accordance with Claim 3, characterised by the fact that a
shoulder of the spindle standard A taking into the cavity formed by the side
checks of the head b, serves as a guide for the head b.
(5) A cold saw having a feed which is adapted to be automatically thrown out
of operation, characterized by the fact that one or more of the mechanical parts
(worm y) which effect the feed of the tool c, are held by means of one or more
springs p, in such a manner that the feed of the part A holding the tool, is
retarded in consequence of the compression of the spring in the case of a
temporarily occurring considerable resistance, and is compensated for after the
resistance has been overcome.
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS,
Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., M.I. Mech. E.
Chartered Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
Associate Agent.