IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO FURNACES OR APPARATUS FOR ROASTING, CALCINING, OR BURNING ORES OR OTHER MATERIALS."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Arthur Barry, of St. Leonard's Hill, Clewer, in
the County of Berks, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE
TO FURNACES OR APPARATUS FOR ROASTING, CALCINING, OR BURNING ORES
OR OTHER MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Arthur Barry at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th January 1881.
EDWARD ARTHUR BARRY, of St. Leonard's Hill, Clewer, in the County of
Berks. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO FURNACES OR APPARATUS FOR
ROASTING, CALCINING, OR BURNING ORES OR OTHER MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to the mechanical and regulated forward delivery of ore
or other materials upon and along the bed of a roasting or calcining furnace or
burner by means of a set of scrapers placed across the bed of the furnace, and
having a short reciprocatory horizontal and vertical motion in such a manner that
during their forward motion the scrapers are lowered upon and nearly in contact
or in contact with the bed of the calciner, buried in the ore or materials, and thus
move the latter along the bed, whereas for their backward motion they are lifted
above the ore or materials, and thus return without operating thereon.
The Invention may be conveniently carried out in the following manner :-
The furnace consists of an elongated chamber having a hopper near one end for
the introduction of the ore, for example (which is reduced to an approximately
uniform fine state of division), and an inclined outlet or shoot at the opposite end
for the delivery of the ore which has been operated upon. Along the bed or bottom
of the furnace are arranged a series of transverse bars or scrapers, each of which
nearly fits the space between the side walls of the furnace, whilst the series extends
throughout the length of the furnace. These scrapers are supported by the longi-
tudinal bars or rods carried at their ends by crank shafts and cranks, which are
connected by external rods or gearing in such a manner as to rotate simultaneously
all. מr

page_text: in the same direction. One of the crank shafts may be inside and the other
outside the furnace, or both may be placed either in the interior or at the exterior
as desired.
The connection of the rods with the cranks is such that the rods and attached
scrapers are left loose to accomodate themselves freely in the up and down direction,
whilst they partake fully of the horizontal reciprocating motion of the cranks, and
remain for a certain part of the horizontal movement in contact with the bed. If
the furnace bed is very long, one or more auxiliary crank shafts are added for the
better support of the rods, and are caused to participate in the same motion with
the cranks.
At the parts where the longitudinal rods pass through one or both ends of the
calciner provision may be made to keep the air from entering through the slits in
the brickwork; this result may be accomplished by means of sliding plates which
loosely surround the longitudinal rods or bars where they pass through the furnace
ends and allow of their horizontal reciprocating motion through them, whilst they
themselves are guided to move vertically only by participation in the up and
down movement of the cranks.
Then as the cranks continue revolving always in one direction they give a similar
motion to the scrapers over the bed of the furnace, causing the ore which is dropped
on to the bed at one end to be gradually pushed or pulled forward to the other
end of the furnace, where it falls into an inclined channel and is removed in the
ordinary manner. The Invention is equally applicable to furnaces with slanting
beds as with horizontal beds. During the progress of the ore through the furnace
it is calcined, roasted, or burned according to its properties and the requirements of
the case, either by the application of artificial heat or by its own ignition, or by
both methods combined.
In lieu of employing cranks the proper motion of the rods and scrapers may be
obtained by means of eccentrics or of cams of predetermined shape, as in practice
may be found most suitable in particular cases, so as to give a preponderance either
to the vertical or the horizontal motion of the scrapers, or to accomplish certain
Or the vertical and horizontal
parts of the motion quicker than other parts.
portions of the motion of the rods and scrapers may be imparted by separate
mechanism, the cranks or cams at the end of the furnace imparting horizontal
motions only in the rods, whilst other cranks, cams, or levers are used for causing
the up and down, motion. Where the calciner bed instead of forming one long
plane consists of several shorter beds or shelves one above the other a similar set
of scrapers is used on each shelf, and the motion of the scrapers is adjusted in such
a manner that if the ore on the top shelf is moved from the left to the right, that
on the second shelf is moved from right to left, reversing again on the next shelf
until the finished material finally leaves the calciner. The gearing may be arranged
to work at any desired speed either with a regularly continuous motion or inter-
mittently to keep at rest for a certain time after the completion of each stroke of
the scrapers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Arthur Barry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd June 1881.
EDWARD ARTHUR BARRY, of St. Leonard's Hill, Clewer, in the County of
Berks. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO FURNACES OR APPARATUS FOR
ROASTING, CALCINING, OR BURNING ORES OR OTHER MATERIALS."
My said Invention relates to the mechanical and regulated forward delivery of
ore or other materials upon and along the bed of a roasting or calcining furnace or
burner by means of a set of scrapers placed across the bed of the furnace, and
having imparted to them a short reciprocatory, horizontal, and vertical motion in
such a manner that during their forward motion the scrapers are lowered upon and
nearly in contact with the bed of the calciner, buried in the ore or materials,
and thus move the latter along the bed, and in their backward motion they are
lifted above the ore or materials, and thus return without operating thereon.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several letters on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal sectional
elevation of a roasting or calcining furnace or burner having scrapers constructed
and arranged according to my said Invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of the same; Figure 3 is a transverse sectional
elevation taken along the line 1-2, Figure 1; and Figure 4 is a detail view
hereinafter referred to.
The furnace consists of an elongated chamber A, provided at one end with a
hopper a for the introduction of the ore, for example, which has been reduced to
an approximately fine state of division), and an inclined outlet or shoot a¹ at the
opposite end of the furnace for the delivery of the ore which has been operated
upon.
Along the bed or bottom of the furnace are arranged a series of transverse bars
or scrapers B, each of which nearly fits the space between the side walls A¹ of the
furnace, whilst the series extend throughout the length of the furnace, as shewn
clearly in Figures 1 and 2.
The scrapers B are supported by longitudinal bars or rods b, which pass through
slots a² in the end A² of the furnace. The extremities 6' of these bars are carried
by the cranks c of the shafts C, C¹, mounted at opposite ends of the furnace, the
shaft C being mounted and working outside of the furnace, and the shaft C" being
mounted inside of the furnace, and passing through from one side of the furnace to
the other, as shown more particularly in Figure 2. The crank shafts may however
be arranged in any other suitable manner; for instance, both shafts may be outside
of the furnace, or both may be arranged similarly to the shaft C¹
Motion is imparted to the said shafts by gearing X operated by pulleys X¹.
Connecting rods D arranged at the sides of the furnace, Figure 2, communicates
motion from the driving shaft C to the shaft C₁ at the opposite end of the furnace,
so that the two shafts are caused to rotate simultaneously.
The longitudinal rods 6 carrying the scrapers B are mounted loose upon the
cranks c of the shafts C, C¹, their ends b¹ being formed with slots 62, Figure 1, in
such a manner that whilst the rods partake fully of the horizontal reciprocating
motion imparted by the rotation of the cranks they accomodate themselves freely
in the up and down motion, and so that the scrapers B carried by the rods b may
rest for a certain part of the horizontal movement in contact or nearly so with the

page_text: bed of the furnace. The scrapers B thus follow the motions of the crank shafts
C, C, which are caused to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows, Figure 1,
the said scrapers being lowered during their reciprocating motion on to the bed of
the furnace, and caused to push forwards during their horizontal movements along
the bed of the furnace a certain amount of the ore deposited thereon from the
hopper A. By the continued motion of thé cranks the scrapers are raised from the
bed of the furnace out of the ore, and returning clear of the layer of ore are again
lowered, and push forward the portion of ore deposited by the preceding scraper.
The ore is thus gradually and intermittently pushed forward over the bed of the
furnace until it falls into the shoot a¹ at the end of the furnace, and is collected in
bogies F, Figures 1 and 2, or in any other convenient manner.
The longitudinal bars or rods b are supported between the shafts C and C¹ by
means of auxiliary cranks E, to which motion is imparted by the side connecting
rods D. Rods e arranged across the furnaces, as shewn more particularly in Figure 3,
support the longitudinal bars b, passing beneath the said bars, and are attached at
their ends to discs e¹, keyed upon the short shafts e², the said discs bearing against
friction rings let into the sides of the furnace round the apertures e³. By this
arrangement the supporting rods e are free to follow the movements of the scrapers
and their longitudinal rods without allowing the ingress of air into the furnace.
Any number of the herein before described auxiliary cranks may be employed
according to the length of the furnace, or they may be altogether omitted in short
furnaces.
At the parts where the rods 6 pass through the front or feeding end A² of the
furnace provision is also made to prevent the ingress of air within the furnace in
the following manner :-
The slots a², through which the rods 6 pass, are covered by sliding plates F¹
(shewn more particularly in the detail view, Figure 4), the said sliding plates
working between guides attached to a plate filet into the end wall of the
furnace. The rods 6 pass through the said sliding plates, which accomodate them-
selves to the movements of the rods by moving vertically between the guides, by
which arrangement the free action of the rods is obtained and the ingress of air
through the slots aª is prevented.
During the progress of the ore through the furnace it is calcined, roasted, or
burned, according to its properties and the requirements of the case, either by
the application of artificial heat or by its own ignition, or by both methods
combined.
In lieu of employing cranks, as hereinbefore described, the proper motion of the
rods and scrapers may be obtained by means of eccentrics or of cams of predeter-
mined shape as in practice may be found most suitable in particular cases, so as to
give a preponderance either to the vertical or the horizontal motion of the
scrapers or to accomplish certain parts of the motion quicker than other parts. Or
the vertical and horizontal portions of the motions of the rods and scrapers may be
imparted by separate mechanism, the cranks or cams at the end of the furnace
imparting horizontal motions only to the rods, whilst other cranks, cams, or levers
are used for causing the up and down motion. Where the calciner bed instead of
forming one long plane, as shewn in the accompanying Drawings, consists of several
shorter beds or shelves one above the other, a similar set of scrapers may be used
on each shelf, and the motion of the scrapers adjusted in such a manner that if the
ore on the top shelf is moved from the left to the right that on the second shelf
is moved from right to left, reversing again on the next shelf, until the finished
material finally leaves the calciner.
The gearing for operating the apparatus herein before described may consist, as
shewn more particularly in Figure 2, of a series of suitably arranged wheels and
pinions operated by pulleys; but any other convenient arrangement of gearing
may be employed in order to work the apparatus at any desired speed, either with
a regularly continuous motion or intermittently, to keep the apparatus at rest for a
certain time after completion of each stroke of the scrapers.

page_text: Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
In furnaces or apparatus for roasting, calcining, or burning ores or other
materials the employinent of reciprocating bars or scrapers arranged and operating,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Arthur Barry, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of June, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-one.
EDWARD A. BARRY. (L.S.)