Improvements in and relating to Tubes employed for Heating, Vaporising, Refrigerating, and other Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 1st Sept., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Tubes employed for Heating,
Vaporising, Refrigerating, and other Purposes.
I, ANTOINE DUMAS of Brévannes, France, Mechanic, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
The improvement which I have devised in and relating to the construction of
tubes employed for heating, vaporising, refrigerating, and other purposes, and
which form the object of my present invention, are based upon the possibility of
increasing at will the area of metal surface of tubes in such manner as to be able
firstly by conductibility to produce an increased vaporization, or refrigeration; and
secondly, to utilize in a more complete manner than hitherto the gases or fluids
traversing the tubes of engines, boilers, and the like.
To attain these objects I employ a system of movable wing pieces or "webs"
within the tubes as, and when, required; and the accompanying drawings shew in
section various arrangements of said movable wing pieces or "webs" Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4,
Sheet 1, and Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, Sheet 2, shew various arrangements of straight
wing pieces a inserted within the tube e and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 as provided
with contact flanges b. These wing pieces a are provided at their point of
intersection with a spindle c formed with a threaded hole or aperture d therein to
permit of a screwed rod being fixed thereiu for the purpose of withdrawing
or introducing the wing pieces from, or into, the tubes. Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, Sheet I,
and Figs. 13, 14, Sheet 2 illustrate various arrangements of curved wing pieces g
in which contact with the interior of the tubes e is facilitated by the shape itself of
such wing pieces, which are also provided with the central spindles caforesaid.
The arrangements shewn in Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, Sheet 2 are those I prefer to
adopt in boiler tubes. In the cases illustrated in Figs. 11, 13, 14, I make
the transverse wing pieces g shorter in length than the vertical ones a. They may
be straight as shewn in Fig. 11 and with or without the contact flanges before
mentioned, or they may be curled or corrugated as h Figs. 13, 14 or curved as
those marked n so as to offer a greater surface for contact with the liquid.
For boiler tubes the arrangements shewn in Fig. 12 may also be adopted,
in which case to facilitate the flow of the liquid, the wing pieces or webs are
pierced with holes or apertures l.
Fig. 15 shews in longitudinal section a tube m in which are placed the wing
pieces or webs s of a helical form. These may also be curved, corrugated,
or pierced with holes, as previously described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be perforined I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The application within the tubes of steam and other engines, boilers and
generators generally, of movable wing pieces or webs for the purpose of presenting
a greater absorbent surface to the caloric or refrigerating powers of the gases or
liquids traversing such tubes, substantially as hereiubefore described and illustrated
in the drawings.
2. The improvements in and relating to the tubes of steam and other engines,

page_text: boilers, and generators generally, substantially as and for the purposes, hereinbefore
described and shewn.
Dated this 26th day of April 1894.
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for Applicant.