Improvements in or relating to Boilers, and the Furnaces used in connection therewith.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 10th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1895
[Communicated from abroad by JAMES REAGAN, of 1026 and 1028 Filbert Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Engineer.]
Improvements in or relating to Boilers, and the Furnaces used in
connection therewith.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates generally to grates for marine-boilers, or particularly to
that form or class of boiler liaving parallel separate circular furnaces, the walls of
which are either smooth or are laterally corrugated from end to end of the furnace
for securing maximum heating surface.
The said invention has for its object the application to such boiler furnaces of
circulating water-bar and shaking grates as hereinafter described.
To effect this described application it is essential that the grate be a self-contained
grate so that all of its parts can be assembled together before it is inserted in
position in the furnace and when inserted therein and lowered to find its supports or
bearings it will conform as near as may be to the circular formation of the furnace
and in such manner that its supports do not offer any projecting obstructions on the
floor or bottom of the ash-pit of the furnace. The height of the ash-pit is by this
invention maintained unimpaired or unobstructed and all dead spots at the sides of
the grate contiguous to the longitudinal sides of the furnace are avoided; and
furthermore, the side bearing bars of the grate are so constructed and located
relatively to the outside water-bars of the grate, that all danger of warping or
burning out said side bearing bars is preventeil.
My invention has for its further object to so,circulate the feed water through the
grates and provide for an automatic circulation of water from the boiler to and
through the back grate back, to the boiler when the feed is cut off, that the
temperature of the water in all, parts of the boiler is equalized, instead of varying
as is now the case; and hence the expansion and contraction due to such variable
temperature of the water in the boiler is obviated and all separate or extraneous
devices heretofore used in attempts to procure such equalization of temperature are
dispensed with.
To the accomplishment of the above described objects; the water bars and shaker
or chopper bars of the grate are supported upon side bars which are connected to
and supported by laterally located "U" shaped feet or bars which fit into the
corrugations of the lower part of the furnaces to hold themselves and the grate in
position, and which also admit of assembling all parts of the grate together and
introducing it as a whole in position into the furnace.
Furthermore the side bearing bars of the grate are located below and within the
line of the outside water bars of the grate in order that such outside water bars may
form the outer sides of the grate and be contiguous to the side walls of the furnace
for preventing the formation of dead spots in the fire along such sides and avoidl
warping and burning out of the side bearing bars of the grate, said outside water
bars also affording bearings or contact surfaces for inclined plates having outer side

page_text: edges conforming to the longitudinal outline of the corrugated furnace walls for
preventing such plates burning out.
Furthermore, the system of feed water circulation through the water bars for
each furnace may be a separaté one for each grate, or, if preferred a feed common
to both may be used. Again, for the purpose of more effectually cleaning the
bottom of the boiler and the water-bar part of the grates, more than one blow off
system of pipes with valves may be employed.
My invention accordingly consists of the combinations, constructions and
arrangements of parts as hereinafter more fully described.
The grate consists of front and rear end bearing bars.composed of sections or
boxes having preferably horizontally located side logs which are bolted together to
make such end bearing bars componently self-sustaining
{
1
The said side lugs are preferably horizontally located on the outer sides of the
sections for two reasons, first, being horizontal instead of vertical they do not
depend into the ash-pit and obstruct the upper part of the same or in other words
the height of the ash-pit remains unimpaired, furthermore, as such lugs do not come
in contact with the curved sides of the furnace a full width of grate surface
obtained; and second, said lugs form outside projections at the end of the grate for
engagement at its front end with the under side of the dead-plate and at its rear
end with a cross bar or the bridge wall for holding down the grate in a firm position
as hereinafter more fully set forth.
The sections of the rear end bearing bar are hollow and each section forms part
of the water way or line of the grate, as is also the case for the sections of the front
end bearing-bar except the outer sections which do not form part of such water
way or line, but simply serve as supports for the projecting ends of the inlet and
outlet pipes respectively, of the system of pipes connecting the front and rear end
bearing-bar boxes of sections.
The supporting boxes or outer sections of the front end bearing bar may be of
any suitable construction and they may be secured to the side bearing bars in any
suitable manner.. But for the sake of compactness of construction as well as
to provide for locating the side-bearing-bars below and in the line of the vertical
centre of the outer side water bars, the sections or boxes of the front bearing bars D
are formed integral with the side bearing bars.
In this construction of side bearing bars there are formed in them bearings
at intervals along their length, inner vertical recesses on their inner sides and bolt-
openings for purposes hereinafter set forth.
Upon the outer surfaces of the bearing bars are laterally projecting lugs for
projection into the depressions of the corrugations of the furnace walls, for a
purpose hereinafter explained. When the furnace walls are not corrugated, these
projecting lugs on the bearing bars, may be dispensed with. The outer sections or
supports on the bearing bars are formed with lugs for bolting thereto the sections
of the front bearing bar while the rear sectional bearing bar is bolted directly to
the rear end of the side bearing bars, suitable openings being made in said ends for
such connections.
In the bearings of the side bars are mounted the journals of cross shafts which
preferably are of an angular form in cross section and upon which are keyed or
otherwise fastened the chopper or shaker bars.
These chopper or shaker bars are fastened to the cross shafts, that for long
length of grates are divided into one or more series and each of the latter have
suitable link connections with an operating rod the outer end of which is in
engagement with a bell crank lever pivoted in a hanger on the front plate of the
boiler. One limb of the bell crank has a recess or socket for the reception of an
actuating handle for shaking the choppers or shakers.
If desired any suitable form of pivoted latch may be employed for engagement.
with the bell crank for locking it and the series of shaker-bars which it controls
in their normal position, which latch is released when the shakers are to be
actuated.

page_text: According to the formation or outline of the furnace in cross section within
which the grate is to be inserted so will be the configuration of the legs or supports
for.the grate.
These legs may be segmental or "U" shaped to conform to the circular outline
of the lower part of the furnaces and if the walls of the latter are corrugated, said
legs are preferably constructed of half round iron with the rounded part thereof
turned down to fit into and have their bearing in the depressions of the corrugations.
The upper ends of the hoop-legs or supports are secured to the side liars by bolts or
other fastening media passing through the openings in said side bars.
The transverse bridge-bar which is used in long lengths of grates may be of any'
suitable construction in cross section. Its ends fit into vertical recesses on the
inner side of the side bearing-bars and it is held in place by a cross bolt upon the
top of which the lower side of the bridge bar impinges to afford an additional stay
for the said bridge bar.
The inner sides of the end bearing-bar sections as well as both sides of the bridge'
bar may be provided with projecting lugs having curved sides next to the ends of
the adjacent shakers or choppers to fill up the spaces between said parts and
thereby avoid coal falling from the grate.
Loosely supported inclined plates are provided between the side-bearing bars of
the grate and the adjacent wall of the furnace to prevent fuel falling down between
the sides of the furnace wall and the grate when the former is corrugated.
These plates may be of any suitable construction in cross section. The lower
edge thereof rests on the projecting lugs of the side bars and has depending lugs
intervening between the said projecting lugs. The other corrugated edge of said
plates conforms to and rests against the corrugations of the furnace walls.
.
The plates are perforated to provide the proper air supply at the sides of the
grates next the furnace walls...
The rear end of the grate is held down by any suitable construction of cross bar
or by the bridge wall engaging with the upper side of the lugs on the end bearing
bar.
The dead plate at the front end of the boiler is bolted to its front plate and its
horizontal part laps over the lugs on the front bearing bar to hold down the front
end of the grate. Each end of said dead plate is made tubular for the passage
through said ends of the inlet and outlet ends of the pipe system of the grates and
corresponding and aligning openings are also made in the front plate for a like
purpose so as to bring said ends to the outside of the front of the boiler.
The inlet ends of the grate have a pipe connection with the boiler feed device
which may be a pump or injector.
Each said pipe may connect with a separate feed device pipe or one feed device
pipe may serve for both, in which case, the said pipe has a branch connecting with
the pipe connection before referred to. In either case the feed pipe is provided
with a normally open cut-off valve and between the latter and the inlet end of the
grate is located a check valve which opens to the feed of the pump and closes under,
the boiler pressure. This check is used to avoid back pressure on the pump when
the feed to the boiler is cut off.
The aforesaid pipe connections communicate with a pipe leading to the bottom."
of the boiler in the line of which is a check valve and a normally open cut-off valve
between said check valve and the boiler. These check valves close against the
feed pressure and open to the boiler pressure. Beyond the pipe leading to the
bottom of the boiler is located another cut off valve which is normally closed and
forms the blow off valve. for the boiler and grate. The outlet pipes of the pipe
system connect to pipes which pass into the boiler at or near its water level and are
conducted into the boiler to beyond the rear end of the grates or as desired. Their
ends are brought together so as to deliver the heated water therefrom upon or into
the column of water between the furnaces thereby preventing such water falling
upon the furnace walls to injure or deteriorate the same.
Suitably constructed stay or supporting rods are located within the boiler for the
:
i
:

page_text: last named pipes. In the line of said pipes in advance of their entrance to the
boiler are located normally open cut-off valves. Immediately in advance of
the entrance of said pipes into the boiler they have vertically projecting branches
of the same diameter which include normally open cut-off valves and check valves
beyond the former, which check valves open to the air under the pressure of any
accumulating air or steam in the pipes.
The feed from the pump pipe passes to the inlet ends of the grates, through the
latter and thence to the water level of the boilers. This flow continues as long as
the feed devices are in operation. When the latter are cut off one set of check
valves automatically close and another set correspondingly open to provide for an
automatic circulation from the boiler through the grates and back to the boiler.
By suitably manipulating the valves, either the top water, or the bottom water
or both may be blown off.
This may be effected at any time either while the boiler is in action or
otherwise.
From the foregoing it will be noted that owing to the manner of feeding the
water to the boiler through the separate grates, and the delivery of such feed into
the boiler at or near its water level and of connecting the grates to the bottom of
the boiler to provide for the automatic circulation of the water from the bottom
of the boiler to and through the grates and back to the top of the boiler, the
temperature of its water is equalized and expansion and contraction of the boiler
due to any varying temperature of its contained water is avoided."
This is an especially desirable result to obtain in marine boilers, as it is well
known that in them the water below the fire line is of a lower or different
temperature from that above the fire line; attempts have been made to equalize
such varying temperature of the water in the boiler by using extraneous pumps or
injectors to circulate such water but they are only effective when starting fresh
fires. After the boiler is under pressure these devices are defective as the steam
finds its way down through the water to the pumps or circulating devices, hence as
soon as the boiler is under pressure said devices are cut off and the varying
temperature of the boiler water is left to take care of itself, whereas with the
hereinabove described device the automatic circulation of such water from bottom
to the top of the boiler through the grate when the feed water is cut off, is effected,
and the temperature thereof equalized, and all danger due to variable temperature
or of the boiler water is thereby avoided.
From this it follows that in getting up steam in a cold boiler much less time is
required and the pressure is maintained with less consumption of fuel.
It will be further noted that the grate is a self contained one and is inserted in
position in the boiler without delay, hence expensive setting is avoided.
To insert the grate in the furnace, the front plate of the boiler is first removed,
and the grate inserted and lowered until its feet or supports find their bearings
on the floor of the furnace. The front plate is then replaced and the connections
with the ends of the pipe systems and with the boiler and its feed devices are then
made.
It will also be noted that as the water pipes of the grate are adjacent to the
walls of the furnace the sides of the grates cannot burn out, and furthermore
as the loosely supported plates at said sides impinge against said pipes, said plates
are also prevented from burning out and no dead spots can occur in the fire at
the sides.
The water bars of the grate being round and the shakers being located between
the water bars and below the same, the shakers when actuated cause the burnt or
dead fuel to fall from the water bars so that the fire throughout its entire area is
maintained clean and bright.
It will be further noted, that the side bearing bars being beneath and in line
with the vertical centre of the outside water bars of the grate and laying contiguous
to the furnace wall, the said bearing bars do not obstruct the air passage and they
do not warp or burn out, and as said outer water bars are round they permit the

page_text: burnt fuel to flow off the same and from the loosely supported plates when the
choppers adjacent to said water bars are actuated.
The hoop form of leg or supports for the grate does not obstruct the floor line of
the ash pit in corrugated boilers.
Although this invention is especially applicable to marine boilers it is evident,
that the same may be used for all kinds of boiler furnaces. Moreover if desired.
the system of water circulation herein described may be applied to feed water
heaters or water bars located in the furnaces above the grates, if the latter be or
be not water circulating grates. Again the system of pipe connections for the
grates with the boiler and the feed devices for the latter may be variously changed
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Dated this 10th day of December 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Boilers, and the Furnaces used in
connection therewith.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be'
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention has relation generally to grates for marine boilers, or particularly
to that form of boilers having parallel separate circular furnaces, the walls of which
are either smooth or are laterally corrugated from end to end of the furnace for
securing maximum heating surface.
My invention has for its object the application to such boiler furnaces of the
circulating water-bar and shaking grates.
To effect this described application it is essential that the grate be a self
contained grate so that all of its parts can be assembled together before it is
inserted in position in the furnace and when inserted therein and is lowered to find
its supports or bearings it will conform as near as may be to the circular formation
of the furnace and in such manner that its supports do not offer any projecting,
obstructions on the floor or bottom of the ash pit of the furnace, the height of the
ash pit is maintained unimpaired or unobstructed and all dead spots at the sides of
the grate contiguous to the longitudinal sides of the furnace are avoided, and
furthermore to have the side bearing bars of the grate so constructed and located
relatively to the outside water bars of the grate that all danger of warping or
burning out said side bearing bars is prevented.
My invention has for its further object to so circulate the feed water through
the grates and provide for an automatic circulation of water from the boiler to and
through the grate back to the boiler when the feed is cut off, that the temperature
of the water in all parts of the boiler is equalized instead of varying as is now the
case, and hence the expansion and contraction due to such variable temperature of
the water in the boiler is obviated and all separate or extraneous devices here-
tofore used in attempts to procure such equalization of temperature are dispensed
with.
To the accomplishment of the above described objects, the water bars and shaker
or chopper bars of the grate are supported upon side bars which are connected to
and supported by laterally located U-shaped feet or bars which fit into the
corrugations of the lower part of the furnaces to hold themselves and the grate in

page_text: position, and which also admit of assembling all parts of the grate together and
introducing it as a whole in position into the furnace.
Furthermore the side bearing bars of the grate are located below and within the
line of the outside water bars of the grate in order that such outside water bars
may form the outer sides of the grate to be contiguous to the side walls of the
furnace for preventing the formation of dead spots in the fire along such sides and
avid warping and burning out of the side bearing bars of the grate said outside
water bars also affording bearings or contact surfaces for inclined plates having
outer side edges conforming to the iongitudinal outline of the corrugated furnace
walls for preventing such plates burning out.
Furthermore the system of feed water circulation through the water bars for
each furnace may be a separate one for each grate, or, if preferred a feed common
to the both may be used. Again, for the purpose of more effectually cleaning the
bottom of the boiler and the water bar parts of the grates separate or more than
one blow off system of pipes with valves, may be employed.
My invention accordingly consists of the combinations, constructions and arrange-
ments of parts as hereinafter more fully described.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a form of marine boiler showing system of pipe
connections with the separate furnace grates for feeding the water into and through
the grates to the boiler and for effecting an automatic circulation from the bottom
of the boiler through the grates, back to the top of the boiler, also for blowing off
either from the top of the boiler through the grates or from the bottom of the
boiler and also for preventing the formation of steam or air traps in the water bar
grates.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, partly in elevation of one of the boiler furnaces
and water bar shaking grate embodying my improvements.
Figure 3 is a plan drawn to an enlarged scale of part of the loosely supported
side plates for use with the grates when inserted in furnaces having laterally
corrugated walls.
Figure 4 is an erd view of such plates.
Figure 5 is a plan view partly sectional, showing the separate parallel circular
corrugated furnaces broken away, the grates therein and part of the feed and
discharge pipes connection therefor.
Figure 6 is an open end view of one of the furnaces and the grate.
Figure 7 is a partial section on line 1, 1, Figure 2.
Figure 8, is a like view on line 2-2, Figure 2.
Figure 9 is an elevation from an inside point of view on the side bearing bars
for the grate, showing the integral formation of said bar with the end support or
box for the inlet and outlet pipe connections for the water bars of the grate.
Figure 10 is a plan view of the same.
Figure 11 is a front elevation of a form of dead plate for use with the water bar
and shaking grate.
Figure 12 is a sectional elevation drawn to an enlarged scale, showing the front
plate of the boiler, the dead plate connected thereto, and the shaking appliances
located outside of said front plate for attachment to the shaker bars of the grate for
actuating them, and
Figure 13 is a detail, sectional elevation drawn to an enlarged scale, showing
more plainly the position of the grate discharge pipes in the boiler and also
supports for the same.
A represents a marine boiler of any suitable construction, or one having the
usual or other type of parallel furnaces B, B, the walls of which may be plain
straight or laterally corrugated from end to end as shown at in the drawings.
C represents the circulating water bar and shaking grate for each furnace which
grates, so far as their water circulating system and their pipe connections with the
boiler feed devices and with the boiler itself may be of any suitable construction,
but for obtaining the efficient résults already described I prefer the form of

page_text: grates and the construction of their parts as shown in the drawings and hereinafter
described.
As the grates for each furnace are identical in construction a description of one
will answer for both.
.
A grate C consists of rear and front end bearing bars D and D' composed of
sections or boxes d having preferably horizontally located side lugs d' which are
bolted together as indicated at d², see more plainly Figures 5 and 6, to make said
end beating bars componently self-sustaining.
The lugs are preferably horizontally located on the outer sides of the sections d
for two reasons, first being horizontal instead of vertical they do not 'depend into
the ash pit to obstruct the upper part of the same or in other words the height of
the ash pit remains unimpaired, furthermore as such lugs do not come in contact
with the curved sides of the furnace a full width of grate surface is obtained, and
second, said lugs form outside projections at end of the grate for engagement at its
front end with the underside of the dead plate and its rear end with a cross bar or
the bridge wall for holding down the grate in a firm position as hereinafter more
fully set forth.
The sections d of the rear end bearing bar D' are hollow and each section forms
part of the water way of the line of the grate, as is also the case for the sections d
of the front end bearing bar D except the outer sections which do not form part
of such water way or line, but simply serve as supports for the projecting ends of
the inlet and outlet pipes e and el respectively, of the system of pipes E connecting
the front and rear end bearing bar boxes or sections d.
The supporting boxes or sections d³ of the front end bearing bar D may be of
any suitable construction and they may be secured to the side bearing bars F, F,
in any suitable manner. But for the sake of compactness of construction as well
as to provide for locating the side bearing bars F below and in the line of the
vertical centre of the outside water bars e, e' the sections or boxes d³ of the fron
bearing bars D are formed integral with the side bearing bars F, F, as shown more
plainly in Figures 9 and 10.
In this construction of side bearing bars F F there are formed in them bearings f
at intervals along their length, inner vertical recesses on their inner sides and
bolt openings for the purpose hereinafter set forth.
Upon the outer surfaces of bearing bars F F are laterally projecting lugs ƒ³ for
projecting into the depressions of the corrugations 6 of the furnace walls, see more
plainly Figure 5, for the purpose hereinafter explained. When the furnace walls
are not corrugated these projecting lugs on the bars F F may be dispensed with.
The sections or supports on bars F F are formed with lugs for bolting thereto
the sections d of the front bearing bar D, while the rear sectional bearing bar D¹ is
bolted directly to the rear ends of the side bearing bars F F suitable openings f
being made in said ends for such connection.
In the bearings of the side bars F F are mounted the journals 9 of cross-
shafts G which preferably are of an angular form in cross section and upon which
are keyed or otherwise fastened the chopper or shaker bars h, see more plainly
Figures 2 and 7.
These choppers or shaker bars are preferably of the form illustrated in Figure 2.
and shown as fastened to the cross shafts G.
The chopper or shaker bar shafts G for long length of grates are divided into.
one or more series and each of the latter have suitable link connections g with an
operating rod g², see more plainly Figure 2, the outer end 93 of which is in engage-
ment with a bell crank lever g pivoted at y' in a hanger 7ª on the front plate of
the boiler. The limb g of the bell crank has a recess or socket 98 for the
reception of an actuating handle for shaking the choppers or shakers h.
If desired any suitable form of pivoted latch g³ may be employed for engagement
with the bell crank g for locking it and the series of shaker bars A which it
controls in their normal position, which latch is released when the shakers are to be-
actuated.

page_text: According to the formation or outline of the furnace in cross section within which
the grate is to be inserted so will be the configuration of the legs or supports K for
the grate.
In the drawings these legs K are shown segmental or U-shape to conform to the
circular outline of the lower part of the furnaces B and if the walls of the latter
are corrugated as shown, said legs are preferably constructed of half round iron
with the rounding part thereof turned down to fit into and have their bearing in
the depressions of the corrugations as more plainly shown in Figure 2. The upper
ends of the hoop legs or supports are secured to the side bars F by
bolts or other fastening media passing through the openings in said side
Bars.
L represents the transverse bridge bar which is used in long length of grates.
This bar may be of any suitable construction in cross section, seen more plainly in
Figure 8. Its ends fit into the vertical recesses f¹ on the inner side of the side
bearing bars FF and it is held in place by a cross bolt upon the top of which
the lower side of the bridge bar L impinges to afford additional stay for said
bridge bar.
The inner sides of the end bearing bar sections d as well as both sides of the
Bridge bar L may be provided with projecting lugs m having curved sides next
to the end of the adjacent shakers or choppers h, see more plainly Figure 2, to
fill up the spaces between said parts and thereby avoid coal falling from the
grate.
n represent loosely supported inclined plates in position between the side bearing
bars of the grate and the adjacent wall of the furnace.
These plates may be of any suitable construction in cross section or as shown
more plainly in Figures 2 and 8. The lower edge n¹ therefore rests on the
projecting lugs of the side bars F F and has depending lugs n² intervening
between the lugs f³, see more plainly Figure 3, and the other corrugated edge n
of said plates conform to and rests against the corrugations 6 of the furnace walls.
The plates n are used to prevent fuel falling down between the side of the furnace
wall and the grate when the former is corrugated.
The plates n are perforated as desired or as shown to provide the proper air
supply at the sides of the grate next the furnace wall.
The rear end of the grate is held down by any suitable construction or cross bar
or by the bridge wall engaging with the upper side of the lugs on the end bearing
bar D as indicated at p Figure 2.
t represents the dead plate at the front end of the boiler which is bolted to its
front plate a, as shown more plainly in Figure 12, and its horizontal part t¹ laps
over the lugs d¹ on the front bearing bar D to hold down the front end of the
grate. Each end 2 of said dead plate is made tubular see more plainly Figure 11,
for the passage through said ends of the inlet and outlet ends ee of the pipe
system E of the grate and corresponding and aligning openings are also made in
the front plate a for a like purpose so as to bring said ends ee¹ to the outside of the
front of the boiler. The system of pipe connection for said end e e¹ of the grates
with the boiler feed device and the boiler is more plainly shown in Figures 1
and 5.
The inlet ends e¹ have a pipe connection 1 with the boiler feed device which may
be a pump or injector not shown in the drawings as they are well known.
Each pipe 1 may connect with a separate feed device pipe 2 as indicated by full
lines to the left hand, by dotted lines to the right of Figure 1 in the drawings or
one feed device pipe 2 may serve for both, in which case the pipe 2 to the left of
said drawing has a branch 3 which connects with the pipe 1 to the right of said
drawing. In either case the feed pipe 2 is provided with a normally cut off valve 4
and between the latter and the inlet end of the grate is located a check valve 5
which opens to the feed of the pump and cioses under the boiler pressure. This
check 5 is used to avoid back pressure on the pump when the feed to the boiler is
cut off.

page_text: Pipes 1 have a connection with pipe 6 leading to the bottom of the boiler in
the line of which is a check valve and a normally open cut off valve 8 between said
check 7 and the, boiler. These check valve 7 close against the feed pressure and
open to the boiler pressure. Beyond the connection of pipes 1 with the pipes 6 is
located another cut off valve 9 which is normally closed and forms the blow off
valves for the boiler and grates. The outlet pipes el of the pipe system E connect
to pipes 10 which pass into the boiler at or near its water level as shown at 11
Figure 1 and are conducted into the boiler to beyond the rear end of the grates
or as desired. Their ends 12 are brought together so as to deliver the heate
water therefrom upon or into the column of water between the furnace B B, or as
indicated at a Figure 13, thereby preventing such water falling upon the furnace
walls to injure or deteriorate the same. Suitably constructed stay or supporting
rods are located within the boiler for the pipes 10 as shown more plainly in
Figure 13, which also shows the location laterally of the pipes 10 within the
boiler relatively to the furnace walls and also the junction of their delivery ends.
In the line of pipes 10 in advance of their entrance to the boiler are located
normally open cut off valves 12¹.
Immediately in advance of the entrance of pipes 10 into the boiler said pipes
bave vertically projecting branches 13 which include normally open cut off
valves 14 and check valves 15 beyond the former, which checks open to the air
under pressure of any accumulating air or steam in pipe 10 and 13.
latter are of the same diameter to more effectually provide for preventing the
formation of air or steam trapping in the water bars of the grate as is evident.
Both the
The feed from the pump pipe 2 passes in the direction of the full line arrows to
the inlet ends e of the grates, through the latter and thence to the water level of
the boilers. This flow continues as long as the feed devices are in operation.
When the latter are cut off, the check valves 5 automatically close and the check
valves 7 correspondingly open to provide for an automatic circulation in the
direction of the dotted line arrows from the boiler through the grates and back to
the boiler.
By closing the cut off valves 8 and opening the blow off valves 9 the water at
the top of the boiler is blown off, and by opening valves 8 and closing valves 12
the water at the bottom of the boiler is blown off, by opening both valves 8
and 12 the water at both the top and the bottom of the boiler may simultaneously
be blown off.
This may be effected at any time either while the boiler is in action or
otherwise. In blowing off from the top of the boiler the path thereof is back over
that of the path of feed through the grates and the latter are thereby blown through
or cleansed.
From the foregoing it will be noted that owing to the manner of feeding the
water to the boiler through the separate grates and the delivery of such feed
into the boiler at or near its water level and of connecting the grates to the
bottom of the boiler to provide for the automatic circulation of the water from the
bottom of the boiler to and through the grates and back to the top of the boiler,
the temperature of its water is equalized and expansion and contraction of the
boiler due to any varying temperature of its contained water is avoided.
This is an especially desirable result to obtain in marine boilers, as it is well
known that in them the water below the fire line is of a lower or different
temperature from that above the fire line, attempts have been made to equalize
such varying temperature of the water in the boiler by using extraneous pumps or
injectors to circulate such water but they are only effective in starting fresh fires.
after the boiler is under pressure these devices are defective as the steam finds its
way down through the water to the pumps or circulating devices, hence as soon as
the boiler is under pressure said devices are cut off and the varying temperature
of the boiler water is left to take care of itself, whereas with the foregoing device
the automatic circulation as described circulates such water from bottom .to
the top of the boiler through the grate when the feed water is cut off, to equalize
B

page_text: its temperature and all danger due to such variable temperature of the boiler water
is avoided.
From this it follows that in getting up steam in a cold boiler much less time is
required and the pressure is maintained with less consumption of fuel.
It will be further noted that the grate is a self contained one and is inserted in
position in the boiler without delay hence expensive setting is avoided.
To insert the grate in the furnaces, the front plates a of the boiler are removed,
and after insertion they are lowered until their feet or supports find their bearings
on the floor of the furnaces. The front plate a is then replaced and the pipe
connections with the ends e e¹ of the systems E and with the boiler and its feed
devices are then made.
It will also be noted that as the water pipes e e¹ of the grates are adjacent to
the walls of the furnace the sides of the grate cannot burn out, and furthermore as
the loosely supported plates n at said sides impinge against said pipes, said plates
are also prevented from burning out and no dead spot can occur in the fire at said
sides.
The water bars of the grate being round and the shakers being located
between the water bars and below the same, the shakers when actuated cause the
burnt or dead fuel to fall from the water bars so that the fire throughout its entire
area is maintained clear and bright.
It will be further noted, that the side bearing bars F F being beneath' and in
line with the vertical centre of the outside water bars of the grate are laying
contiguous to the furnace walls, the bearing bars F F do not obstruct the air passage,
and they do not warp or burn out, and as said outer water bars are round they
permit the burnt fuel to run down off them and from the plates n, when the
choppers adjacent to said water bars are actuated.
The hoop form of legs or supports for the grate does not obstruct the floor line
of the ash pit in corrugated boilers.
While I have shown my invention especially applicable to marine boilers, it is
evident that the same may be used for all kinds of boiler furnaces. So that if
desired the system of water circulation herein described may be applied to feed
water heaters or water bars located in the furnaces above the grates, if the latter be
or be not water circulating grates. Again the system of pipe connections for the
grates with the boiler and the feed devices for the latter may be variously
changed without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. A boiler having a longitudinal flue, a self contained grate structure therein,
consisting of front and rear bearing bars, suitably connected and supported, water
bars connecting the latter, shaking grates intermediate said water bars, connections
from said water circulating grate to the upper and lower portions of the boiler,
and a feed device whereby an effective circulation is caused in the bottom of the
boiler, substantially as described.
2nd. A boiler having separate parallel furnaces of substantially circular form
in cross section, a self contained.grate structure in said furnaces, comprising front
and rear bearing bars, suitably connected and supported, water bars therebetween,
shaking grate sections and feet or equivalents devices for supporting said grate
structure within the boiler, substantially as described.
3rd. A boiler having separate parallel furnaces of circular form in cross section,
and a self contained water bar and shaking grate having hoop shaped feet or
supports, substantially as set forth.
4th. A boiler having separate parallel furnaces with laterally corrugated walls,
and a grate in said furnaces supported upon semi-circular shaped feet or supports
fitting said corrugations, substantially as set forth.
5th. A boiler having a circular fire box with laterally corrugated walls; a grate

page_text: in said fire box and semi-circular feet or supports for said grate, fitting the
depressions of said corrugations, substantially as set forth.
6th. A boiler having separate parallel furnaces, a water grate in said furnaces
having its side water bars extending beyond and above the side bars of the grate,
and loosely supported plates between said side bars and the wall of the furnaces,
said plates being inclined upwardly and outwardly from the grates, substantially as
set forth.
7th. A boiler having parallel separate furnaces of a circular form in cross
section, water bar circulating and shaking grates in said furnaces, pipe connection
with cut off valves and check valves between the inlet ends of said grate and the
bottom of the boiler and between said pipe connection and the feed devices for the
boiler, pipe connection with cut offs between the outlet ends of said grates and
the top of the boiler, and branches with cut offs and checks leading to the
atmosphere for said last named pipe connection substantially as set forth.
8th. A boiler having separate adjacent furnaces, a grate structure therein
comprising rear and front bearing bars, suitably connected and supported, water
bars therebetween, shaking grates between said water bars, connections from the
water grate to the top and bottom of the boiler, and a single feed water device for
the boiler, substantially as described.
9th. A boiler having adjacent separate furnaces, a grate structure in each
comprising front and rear bearing bars, suitably connected and supported, water
bars, shakers therebetween, and delivery connections from each water grate, into
the boiler, juxtaposed to each other, and means for supporting the latter with the
boiler, substantially as described.
10th. A water bar grate composed of sectional end bearing bars, and side
bearing bars located below the water bars of the grate, the above parts being
suitably connected and supported, substantially as set forth.
11th. A water bar grate composed of sectional end bearing bars, side bearing
bars located below the water bars, and loosely supported plates n for the sides of
the grate, substantially as set forth.
12th. A water bar grate composed of side bearing bars, having at one end
integral water bar bearing supports and sectional end bearing bars, substantially as
set forth.
13th. A water bar grate composed of side bearing bars, having at one end
integral water bar bearing supports, sectional end bearing bars, and the outer
side bearing bars extending laterally beyond the side bearing bars, substantially as
set forth.
14th. A water bar grate composed of sectional end bearing bars, side bearing
bars located below the water bars and U-shaped feet or supports secured to said
side bearing bars, substantially as set forth.
15th. A water bar grate having side bearing bars intervening between and below
the outer water bars and integral supports on one end of said side bearing bars for
one end of said water bars, substantially as set forth.
16th. A water bar grate having side bearing bars with outer corrugated or
serrated surfaces and located below the plane of the water bars, substantially as
set forth.
17th. A water bar grate having topmost water bars, suitable connections
therefor, shakers or choppers, the upper surfaces of which are in a plane below
that of the top of the water bars, side bearing bars below the bottom of said water
bars, in combination with hoop shaped feet or supports for sustaining said grate in
position, substantially as described.
18th. A self contained water bar and shaking grate, the extreme outer sides of
which are water bars, shakers or choppers between the latter, actuating mechanism
therefor, in combination with hoop shaped feet or supports adapted to sustain said
grate within a furnace, substantially as described.
19th. In a water bar grate having side bearing bars vertical recesses on the inner
sides of said bearing bars, a bridge bar the ends of which fit in said recesses and a

page_text: transverse bolt bar securing said bridge bar in position and supporting its under
side, substantially as described.
20th. A self contained water bar and shaking grate having outer side water
bars, shakers or choppers between the water bars, side bearing bars below said outer
water bars and feet or supports secured to said side bearing bars, substantially
as set forth.
Dated this 10th day of Sentember 1805
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.