Improvements in Incandescence Oil Lamps.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 2nd Dec.,
1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescence Oil Lamps.
I, JOHN CHARLES CRAMPIN READ, of 4, Steeles Road, Haverstock Hill, in the
County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to oil lamps of the kind wherein a mantle is made use of
designed to be rendered incandescent by means of a flame similar to the flame of
a Bunsen gas burner.
Hitherto there have been considerable difficulties in obtaining the required
kind of flame. The object of my invention is to provide means whereby this
flame can be obtained with greater certainty than heretofore and to this end it
consists mainly in the use of a novel form of spreader whereby the air is delivered
to the flame at different points in the manner hereinafter described. The inven-
tion also comprises the arrangement in combination with the wick tubes of a
guide tube which ensures that the wick shall rise uniformly at all parts.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawing, in which :-
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a lamp burner provided with my improvements;
Figure 2 is an elevation of the guide tube which I make use of in conjunction
with the wick; and
Figure 3 is a plan of the same:
Figure 4 is a sectional view of my improved spreader slightly modified; and
Figure 5 is a plan view of the said spreader with the upper part removed:
Figures 6 and 7 are views similar to Figures 4 and 5 respectively illustrating
a slight modification of the spreader; and
Figures 8, 9 and 10 are views similar to Figure 4 illustrating further
modifications.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
a is the body of the burner, the chimney gallery, 6' the chimney, c the inner
wick tube and d the outer wick tube, these wick tubes being arranged in a well
known manner to receive a flat wick and curve it into a round wick at the top of
the wick tubes.
e is my improved spreader an essential feature of which is that it is formed
with a neck or contraction at f, the walls of which contracted portion are provided
with openings or perforations g, whilst the cap of the spreader is also formed
with openings or perforations h, h. By constructing the spreader in this manner
the area of the opening i formed by the neck is considerably smaller than the
area of the lower tubular portion j of the spreader so that a part of the air current
which passes up through the tube j will be compelled to escape through the open-
ings g, in the neck, the other portion passing on into the cap of the spreader
and partly escaping through the openings h therein. The spreader is inserted into

page_text: the central wick tube c in such a manner that the openings g, g are adjacent to the
top of the wick, it will thus be understood that the portion of the air which escapes
through the said openings g, g will come into contact with the flame immediately
above the wick whilst the remainder which passes into the cap will come into
contact with the flame at some distance above the wick the result being that the
required blue flame for rendering the mantle incandescent can be obtained with
very little adjustment.
The opening through the neck has a baffle arranged in connection with it, such
for instance, as a stud k, so as to deflect a portion of the air current passing through
the said neck on to the perforations h, h. This stud is also perforated longi-
tudinally so that a portion of the air passes up through it into the space inside
the mantle where it comes into contact with the flame. This baffle is preferably
in the form of a perforated cup spun or otherwise attached to the lower end of the
stud as shewn in the drawings.
In Figure 1 the underside of the cap is shewn solid but in Figures 4 and 5 the
underside is formed with perforations 1, l.
As shewn in Figure 6 the openings 9, 9 instead of being arranged vertically,
as in Figures 1 and 4, are arranged horizontally and the openings 7, 7 in the base
of the cap are elongated, the metal which is cut out to form the said openings
being pressed upwards so as to form louvres. In Figure 8 the two lower rows of
openings h, h instead of being circular perforations are elongated and are provided
with louvres, the base of the cap is not perforated and the openings 9, 9 are
formed as in Figures 1 and 4. In Figure 9 the cap of the spreader is formed
with the openings h, h, as shewn in Figure 8, the base of the cap with openings 1,1
similar to those shewn in Figures 6 and 7 but arranged to deflect the air in the
opposite direction and the openings g, g also as shewn in Figure 6; in Figure 10 the
openings h, h are formed horizontally but without louvres whilst the openings 1,7
and g, are similar to those shewn in Figure 6.
m is the guide tube for the wick; this tube is made to slide on the outside of the
inner tube and is provided at the upper end with a series of points or projec-
tions n, n and on the side where the two edges of the wick are brought together
with other projections o, which projections o, o will keep the two edges of the
wick from moving relatively with one another, whilst the projections n, n ensure
the upward travel of the wick by means of the adjusting device which, as shewn,
as in the form of a rack and pinion, the said rack being attached to a plate p
at the lower part of the tube m, Figure 1.
In order to permit of applying the wick to this guide tube m the upper part
of the outer wick tube is mode removable so as to permit of the wick being
wrapped around the guide tube m the said upper part being then placed, as shewn
in Figure 1.
7 is a cap which I advantageously place upon the top of the chimney 6' the said
cap being in the form of a perforated ring. This cap is for the purpose of main-
taining the flame steady under variations in the external air currents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is _
1. In an incandescence oil lamp spreader formed with a contracted neck, between
the base and the upper or cap portion and with a baffle carried by a tubular, stud
or the like the walls of the said contracted neck being perforated and also the
walls of the cap portion in such a manner that the air current which passes into
the spreader will be divided. substantially as described.
2. In an incandescence oil lamp of the kind described the employment of a
can such as q, substantially as described.
3. In an incandescence oil lamp of the kind described, the combination with
the wick tube of the guide tube for ensuring the uniform feed of the wick at all
points, substantially as described.

page_text: 4. The improved burner for incandescence oil lamps constructed and arranged
substantially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawing.
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.