Improvements in Looms for Weaving Fringes and Narrow Fabrics.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Fringes and Narrow Fabrics.
I, JAMES FERGUSON of 344 Loons Road, Coldside, Dundee, in the County of
Forfar, North Britain, Engineer and Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention comprises improved loom mechanism for weaving fringes and
narrow fabrics.
In carrying out my invention I construct a loom for weaving simultaneously a
number of separate fringes or separate breadths of narrow fabric, and provide the
same with ordinary or known shedding mechanism, with warp delivery, beating-up
lathe and reed, and take-up mechanism. For fringes, the warps used consist of a
number of small sets for forming the backbone or interwoven parts of the fringes
with spaces between sufficient for the uninterwoven parts of the fringes and for the
movements of parts acting on them. In front of the reed and carried by the lathe
in guides, there is a horizontal bar hereinafter termed the weft bar, which has fixed
on it at regular intervals bent weft fingers which are, by the reciprocation of the
weft bar, made to insert loops of the wefts of which the fringes are to be formed
into the successive sheds of the warps. The weft threads pass through eyes at the
points of the weft fingers and may be drawn through spaces in the reed or supplied
to the weft fingers in any other convenient way. Between the lathe and the breast
beam there is a horizontal rocking spindle extending across the loom and made to
rock by means of a lever on it connected to an eccentric on the crank shaft of the
loom. This rocking spindle has fixed on it a number of lifting fingers which on the
weft fingers carrying loops through the several warp sheds enter the parts of
the loops above the weft fingers and cause the loops to be held when the weft
fingers move back out of the sheds. The loops accumulate on the lifting fingers
and gradually move along them towards the breast. beam, ultimately reaching
cutting blades on the sides of the lifting fingers, which blades sever the loops and
free them from the lifting fingers.
The weft bar is moved by a short bar having cords fixed to its ends, one cord
passing round a pulley at one side of the lathe and proceeding thence forwards to
the front of the loom where it is fixed; and the other cord passing round a pulley
at the other side of the lathe and proceeding thence to the back of the loom. With
this arrangement the backward and forward movement of the lathe makes the bar
to which the cords are attached reciprocate across. The weft bar has fixed to it a
pin extending into a slot in the reciprocating bar the pin being also connected by a
spring to one end of the reciprocating bar. The movement of the weft bar when
taking the weft fingers out of the warp sheds is limited by a stop, the weft bar
being thereby brought to rest a little before the reciprocating bar reaches the end
of the stroke, the spring being then extended. This arrangement causes the
pause in the movement of the weft bar required to allow time for the changing of
the welt sheds.
By increasing the numbers of the warps in each set, or diminishing the lengths
of the weft loops narrow fabrics without fringes may be woven, the cutting being
dispensed with in such cases, and the weft, loops being temporarily held when
passed through the sheds, or permanently secured in any convenient way.
Dated this Seventeenth day of January 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: improvements in Looms for weaving Fringes and Narrow rabrics.
1, JAMES FERGUSON, of 344, Loons Road, Coldside, Dundee, in the County of
Forfar, North Britain, Engineer and Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is
to say :-
My said invention comprises loom mechanism for weaving fringes and narrow
fabrics.
In carrying out my invention I have carried by the lathe in guides, a horizontal
reciprocating har, hereinafter termed the weft bar, which has fixed on it, bent weft
fingers to insert loops of the wefts, of which the fringes are to be formed, into the
successive sheds of the warp. Between the lathe and the breast beam, there is a
horizontal rocking spindle which has fixed in it a number of fingers, to take hold of
the weft loops, when the weft fingers move back out of the warp sheds. The loops
accumulate on the lifting fingers and move along them until cut by blades attached
to them. Mechanism hereinafter described is provided to effect a pause in the
movement of the weft bar required to allow time for the changing of the
warp sheds.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings, to
be hereinafter referred to, and showing my improvements in looms for weaving
fringes and narrow fabrics.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a plan and Figure, 2, a side elevation of parts of a
loom, as made according to my invention, Figures, 3, and, 4, representing details
of the same, drawn to a larger scale.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
.
I construct a loom for weaving simultaneously a number of separate fringes or
separate breadths of narrow fabric, and provide the same with ordinary or known
shedding mechanism, with warp delivery, beating-up lathe and reed, and take-up
mechanism. For fringes the warps used consist of a number of small sets for
forming the back boue or interwoven parts of the fringes, with spaces between,
sufficient for the loops or uninterwoven parts of the fringes and for the movements
of parts acting on them. In front of the reed (not shown) and carried by the
lathe, A, in guides, B, there is a horizontal weft bar, C, which has fixed on it at
regular intervals, bent weft fingers, D, which are by the reciprocation of the weft
bar, made to insert loops, D 1, of the wefts of which the fringes are to be formed,
into the successive sheds of the warps, D 2. To avoid confusion in the drawing,
weft loops, D1, and warps, D2, are indicated in connection with only one of the
weft fingers, D. The weft threads pass through eyes, E, (Figure, 3) at the points
of the weft fingers, D, and may be drawn through spaces in the reed or supplied to
the weft fingers in any other convenient way. Between the lathe, A, and the
breast beam, F, there is a horizontal rocking spindle, G, extending across the loom,
and made to rock by means of a lever, H, on it connected by a rod, J, to an
eccentric, K, on the crank shaft, L, of the loom. This rocking spindle, G, has
fixed on it a number of fingers, M, (one being shown detached in Figure, 4) which
on the weft fingers, D, carrying loops, D 1, through the warp sheds, enter the loops
formed by the weft fingers, and retain them when the welt fingers move back out
of the sheds. The loops, D 1, accumulate on the fingers, M, and gradually move
along them towards the breast beam, F, ultimately reaching cutting blades, N, on
the sides of the lifting fingers, M, which blades sever the loops and free them from
the lifting fingers. The cutting blades, N, are hinged at the corner to the lifting

page_text: fingers, M, and each is made with a leg extending downwards and passing through
a slot in a transverse bar, P, fixed to the framing. When the fingers, M, are
rocked the disposition of the blades, N, and the fingers is such as to produce a
scissor-like cutting action.
The weft bar, C, is moved by cords fixed to its ends, one cord, Q, passing round
a pulley, R, at one side of the fathe and proceeding thence forwards to the front of
the loom where it is fixed to a lever, S, centered on a short spindle, T, carried in
the loom frame, U. The other cord, V, passes round a pulley, W, at the other
side of the lathe, A, and proceeds thence to the back of the loom, where it is fixed
to a helical spring, X, fixed to a bracket, Y, on the loom frame, U. With this
arrangement the backward and forward movement of the lathe, makes the weft
On the
bar, C, to which the cords, Q, and, V, are attached, reciprocate across.
lathe, A, is a cam-shaped bracket, A 1, which at a special point of the travel of the
lathe towards the front of the loom acts on an anti-friction roller, Z, at the end of a
lever, Z 1, fixed on the spindle, T, and causes the lever, S, to draw the cord, Q,
forward at about the same rate as that at which the lathe is then travelling so that
little or no movement is then communicated to the weft bar, C, which remains
stationary or nearly so during the time required to allow of changing the warp
sheds. Instead of the lever, S, being actuated in the manner hereinbefore
described, it may be actuated (like the lever, H) by an eccentric or crank fixed on
the shaft, L, and connected to it by a rod.
By increasing the number of the warps in each set, or diminishing the lengths of
the weft loops narrow fabrics without fringes may be woven the cutting being
dispensed with in such cases, and the weft loops being temporarily held when
passed through the sheds or permanently secured in any convenient way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
The construction, arrangement, and combination of parts constituting the
improvements in looms for weaving fringes and narrow fabrics, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Dated this Thirteenth day of October 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.