CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU- FACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Baptiste Jarlot, of Port Mulon, in the Empire
of France, and of 4; South Street, Finsbury, London, Mechanician, for
the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL,"
Sealed the 5th September 1861, and dated the 7th May 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Baptiste Jarlot
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th May 1861.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE JARLOT, of Port Mulon, in the Empire of France, and
of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Mechanician, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL," to be as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in an improved construction of moulding machine,
aud in the arrangement of apparatus to be employed in connection therewith,
for the manufacture of artificial fuel.
The apparatus with the moulding machine applied consists of a framework
with cross pieces. To the lower part of this framework is fixed, upon suitable
axes, the two cast-iron moulding cylinders, which roll one on the other, and
which are formed on their circumferences with an equal number of hollow and
projecting parts, so disposed that the hollow spaces of one of the cylinders

page_text: corresponds to the projecting parts of the other, and reciprocally. The coal
being freed from part of the schists it contains, is conducted from an oven in
sufficient quantity to feed the cylinders by a chain of buckets, which throws
them on a sieve at the upper part of the apparatus, the finer part of which
passes thro' the grating of a hopper into a vessel for mixing it while the lumps
are carried off. The agglomerating matter, consisting of ths of dry pitch
and th of coal tar, is kept in a state of fusion in an iron trough, heated by
steam, and is taken out by means of one or more ladles, set in motion by the
axis of the chain, and placed in the mixing trough, where it is mixed with the
coal by the usual means in presence of a jet of steam. The mixture passes
out of this trough thro' an opening at the bottom provided with a plug for
regulating its outlet into a hopper underneath, set between the two moulding
cylinders whereon it passes, and where it meets alternately a space on the
left and right, in which it enters, and is pushed out by the projecting parts in
the opposite cylinder. When the pressure is sufficient, the substance is forced
out of the interior of the cylinders in a prismatic form, and is cut into pieces
of the required lengths by two coupled knives applied close to the interior of
the cylinders while they revolve, and which pieces are received on an inclined
plane, which conducts them to a car, which is changed as soon as it is full.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jean Baptiste Jarlot in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th November 181.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
BAPTISTE JARLOT, of Port Mulon, in the Empire of France, and of 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, Mechanician, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Jean Baptiste Jarlot, Her special licence that I, the said Jean Baptiste
Jarlot, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Jean Baptiste Jarlot, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-

page_text: tion of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
ARTIFICIAL FUEL," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean
Baptiste Jarlot, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Baptiste Jarlot, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in an improved construction of moulding machine,
and in the arrangement of apparatus to be employed in connection therewith,
for the manufacture of artificial fuel.
34
The apparatus with the moulding machine applied for mixing and moulding
small coal into bands or blocks of a prismatic form consists essentially of two
moulding cylinders, mounted in a cast-iron frame, rolling one against the other,
and presenting alternately in their circumference projecting and hollow parts
or moulds formed or cast upon or bolted to such cylinders,arranged equally
around the periphery in such a manner that the hollow parts or moulds of one
of the cylinders correspond with the projecting parts of the other, and
reciprocally. The coal being freed from part of the schists it contains, is
conducted from an oven or heating apparatus in sufficient quantity to feed the
moulding cylinders by a chain of buckets, which throws them on a sieve at the
upper part of the apparatus, the finer part of which passes thro' the grating
of a hopper into a vessel or trough for mixing it, while the lumps are carried
off. The agglomerating matter,consisting of 4ths of pitch and th of coal tar,
is kept in a state of fusion in an iron trough, heated by steam, & is taken out
by means of one or more ladles set in motion by the axis of the bucket chain,
and placed in the mixing trough, where it is mixed with the coal by the usual
means in presence of a jet of steam. The mixture passes out of this trough
thro' an opening at the bottom provided with a plug for regulating its
outlet into a hopper underneath,set between the two cylinders, where, instead
of passing directly between them, it meets alternately the empty parts or
moulds on the right and left, falls in,and is pushed out by the projecting parts
opposite. When the pressure is sufficient to overcome the resistance due to
the narrowing of the empty spaces or moulds, and the friction of the substance

page_text: against their sides, the substance being forced out into the interior of the
cylinders in a prismatic form, and cut into pieces of the required length by
two coupled knives applied close to the interior of the cylinders while they
revolve, and which pieces are received on an inclined plane, which conducts
them to a car, which is changed as soon as it is full.
To render my Invention better understood, I will now proceed to describe
the same more particularly by the aid of the annexed Drawings, Sheets 1
and 2, in which Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents a complete view of the mixing
and moulding machine combined; Figure 2, detached views of the cast-ron
moulding cylinders and hopper, taken at the lines A, B, & C, D, of Figures 4
& 5, Sheet 2; Figure 3 is an edge view of the cross frame connecting the
two machines at the line F, G, of Figure 6, Sheet 2; Figure 4, Sheet 2, is a
side elevation of the moulding machine, which is double, each cylinder being
shewn with 24 moulds; Figure 5 is a plan view of the same, partly in
section, and Figure 6 is a transverse section. The same letters of reference in
the several Figures of Sheet 2 indicate similar parts.
The moulding machine, with the apparatus for preparing the coal to be
moulded, consists of a cast-iron frame a, a, Figures 4, 5, and 6, Sheet 2,
formed in one piece, on which are mounted the two cast-iron moulding
cylinders b, b. These cylinders are shewn in Figure 5, Sheet 2, as fixed
or forming part of the wheels k, k, herein-after described, by bolting the
moulds c, d, to the sides thereof, but the cylinders b, b, with the moulds c, d,
may be made separately from the wheels k, k, and work on the same shaft, as
shewn at Figure 2, Sheet 1, in which the hollow and projecting parts or
moulds c, d, are formed or cast. The moulds are so disposed that the hollow
parts c of one of the cylinders correspond with the projecting parts d of the
other, the cross section of the mould corresponding to the size of the blocks of
coal required. e, e, are fast and loose pullies fitted on the driving shaft f, and
which give motion to an intermediate shaft g by means of an intermediate
spur wheel and pinion h, h, placed between the pullies e, e, and the inside of
the framework a, a; these wheels being in the proportion of three to one.
i, spur pinions, fitted on the intermediate shaft g, and gearing into the cog
wheels k, k, which are in the proportion of six to one with the preceding
pinions. Upon these wheels k, k, are fixed or formed the moulding
cylinders b, b, each provided with 24 moulds; m, m, two hoppers, by means of
which the moulds are fed, the material arriving in these hoppers through a
conductor descending from the mixers placed over the moulding machine;
n, n, movable knives, having an independent rectilinear alternate and inter-
mittent motion, working in couples on the same side and serving to cut off,

page_text: the blocks formed in the moulds when forced out to the required length
from the interior.
The general arrangement and working of the machine may have to be
varied according to the nature of the coals to be agglomerated. Some coals
being entirely small can be employed directly, some containing lumps of a
large size will require to be previously pounded. In order to lessen the
quantity of ashes which the small coal produces I can separate the schists
by washing or sifting.
The
The coal, as shewn by the Drawing at Figure 1, Sheet 1, is conducted by
cars into an oven or heating apparatus A, in which the chain of buckets B
dip, the speed of which may be regulated at will while the machine is in
motion by means of cone pulleys. This chain takes up a sufficient quantity.
of coal for the working of the moulding cylinders, and throws it upon the
sieve C, underneath which is placed the hopper D, which conducts what
passes thro' the grating into the mixing trough E, while the lumps fall into
the pipe G, under which is placed a car which carries them off.
agglomerating matter is kept in a state of fusion in a double-bottomed sheet-
iron trough H, in which a current of steam is caused to circulate in a
continuous manner. One or more ladles J, the size of which may be varied,
are put-in motion by the axis of the bucket chain B, and are made to plunge
into the trough H, and in rising pour their contents into the mixing trough E.
The coal and agglomerating substance are thus mixed together in the mixing
trough E by the ordinary means in the presence of a jet of steam, the pressure
of which is regulated so as to bring the paste to a degree of temperature and
dampness suitable for moulding. The bottom of the mixing trough is provided
with a rectangular opening, into which is fitted a valve, which serves to
regulate the egress of the mixture according to the supply required by the
moulding cylinders. This opening corresponds with the hopper R, shewn at
Figure 2, Sheet 1, which rests on and between the two cylinders b, b. The
paste or agglomerate falling into the hopper R is received between the two
cylinders through the hoppers m, m, Figures 4, 5, & 6, Sheet 2, and moulded
as before described. When the bands are considered of a sufficient length, the
two coupled knives n, n, are pushed forward and applied close to the interior
of the cylinders,and are maintained in that position whilst the cylinders make
a revolution, by which means the bands are cut off of the same length, and
fall by their own weight on a small inclined plane, which conducts them into
a car ready to be conveyed away. When the machine is first put in motion
care must be taken to close the moulds or compartments with small plates of
wood, about an inch in thickness, which will resist the coal paste while

page_text: advancing in the moulds at each rotation of the cylinders,and will finally egress
at the interior thereof. The diameter of the cylinders is proportioned to the
quantity of agglomerate to be moulded, and the dimensions of the blocks
required. The bands of agglomerate on egressing from the interior of the
cylinders always tend towards a common centre, giving to them a prismatic
form, and therefore approach each other as they become longer, and would
eventually meet at a certain point, but this point is removed from the
circumference in proportion as the diameter of the cylinders is increased.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise details of construction herein described, as the same
may be varied; but what I claim is,-
First, the general arrangement and construction of a machine for pre-
paring and moulding small coal into blocks, as herein-before described and
represented in the annexed Sheets of Drawings.
Secondly, the employment of two moulding cylinders rolling in close contact
with each other, and presenting alternately ou their peripheries projecting and
hollow parts or moulds, so arranged that the hollow parts of one of the
cylinders correspond with the projecting parts of the other for moulding
small coal into blocks, as herein before described, and shown at Figure 2,
Sheet 1, and Figures 4, 5, and 6, Sheet 2, of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Baptiste Jarlot, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this First day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
(L.8.) J. B. JARLOT.