IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF MILK
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Ashby Newnham, of Mallow, in the
County of Cork, Ireland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PRESERVATION OF MILK."
Sealed the 11th January 1871, and dated the 31st October 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Ashby Newnham
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st October 1870.
I, JAMES ASHBY NEWNHAM, of Mallow, in the County of Cork,
Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF MILK," to be as follows:-
Heretofore in preserving milk it has been usual to add to every gallon
of the milk about 20 oz. of sugar, and then to evaporate the milk in
vacuo; the milk so condensed is then placed into tins and closed in
air-tight.
According to my Invention in place of adding sugar to the milk I
add to it glucose, and then condense the milk by evaporation in vacuo
as heretofore. The glucose may be added to the milk in about the same
+

page_text: proportion as sugar has hitherto been added. In addition to adding
glucose to the milk previous to evaporating it, I in some cases also add
a small quantity of a tasteless antiseptic, such as sulphate of potash.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Ashby Newnham in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th February 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
ASHBY NEWNHAM, of Mallow, in the County of Cork, Ireland, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said James Ashby Newnham, Her special
licence that I, the said James Ashby Newnham, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Ashby
Newnham, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF MILK," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Ashby Newnham,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Ashby Newnham, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
11
These improvements in the preservation of milk consist of the

page_text: Heretofore in preserving crude or condensed milk it has been usual
to add to the milk about 20 ounces, more or less, of cane or beet-
root sugar, and then to evaporate or condense the milk in vacuo.
To the best of my knowledge only cane and beetroot sugar has ever
been used in connection with the preservation of milk.
According to my Invention in place of adding cane or beetroot sugar
for the purpose of preserving the milk I add to it glucose, which is a
sugar less soluble and less sweet than cane or beet sugar, occurring in the
juice of many fruits, but best obtained from dried grapes, starch, potatoes,
wheat, and other similar articles, called also grape sugar, starch sugar,
and diabetic sugar, before, during, or after the usual process of con-
densation or evaporation. The quantity I prefer to use is about 20
ounces of glucose as heretofore mentioned to a gallon of milk, though
the quantity depends upon the time I wish to keep the milk before
using. I in some cases also add a small quantity of a tasteless
antiseptic, such as sulphate or chlorate of potash.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
of carrying the same into effect, what I claim and desire to be secured
to me by Letters Patent is, the use of glucose, as heretofore explained,
in the preservation of milk.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Ashby Newnham, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one.