IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS OR OVENS FOR BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER PLASTIC FORMS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Davies Harrison, of Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS OR
OVENS FOR BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER PLASTIC FORMS:"
Scaled the 4th February 1873, and dated the 9th August 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Davies Har-
rison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 9th August 1872.
I, HENRY DAVIES HARRISON, of Leeds, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
KILNS OR OVENS FOR BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER PLASTIC FORMS,” to be
as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to produce a great saving of fuel and
a better quality of work than by kilns of ordinary construction.
•
My kiln consists-of-two-or-more-arched-chambers divided from each
other by walls of suitable thickness, the front of each chamber is pro-
vided with an opening sufficiently large to admit of a cart or waggon
being passed into it-for-loading and unloading purposes, and when

page_text: required another opening may be provided at the back. These openings
are closed when required by brickwork. Firing holes are placed in both
back and front walls. Flues are provided at back and front of the kiln
for carrying off the smoke and other waste gases, through which they
are conducted into a stack or tall chimney. These flues are provided
with dampers placed in such a manner as to conduct the heat and other
burning properties of the fuel from one chamber into another through
the whole length of the kiln, that is to say, the waste heat is passed
either direct into the back or front flue from any chamber, or turned into
any particular chamber at the will of the attendant. The arch of each
chamber is perforated with holes through which fuel is passed amongst
the bricks or other forms in the interior of the chambers, these chambers
having been previously filled with them by the attendant.
By the kiln constructed as herein-before described, the superfluous or
waste heat is conveyed from one chamber to the other and utilized,
saving thereby a great quantity of fuel hitherto employed for burning
purposes in kilns of ordinary construction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Davies Harrison in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 8th February 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
DAVIES HARRISON, of Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Davies Harrison, Her special
licence that I, the said Henry Davies Harrison, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Davies Harrison,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thercafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN KILNS OR OVENS FOR BURNING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER PLASTIC FORMS,"

page_text: '
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Davies
Harrison, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing,
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Davies Harrison, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, referenco being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to
say:-
―:
The object of my Invention is to produce a great saving of fuel and
a better quality of work than by kilns of ordinary construction.
The Invention will be best understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, of which Figure 1 is a sectional plan
through the line A, B, and. Figure 2 a sectional plan through the
line C, D, both of Figure 4; Figure 3 is a front elevation; Figure 4, a
back elevation; and Figure 5, a cross section.
My kiln consists of two or more arched chambers, as shown in
|Drawings, and numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. These chambers are divided
from cach other by walls a of suitable thickness. The front of each
chamber is provided with an opening b, sufficiently large to admit of a
cart or waggon being passed into it for loading and unloading purposes,
and when required another opening c is provided at the back of cach
chamber. These openings b and c are closed with brickwork during the
operation of burning. Firing holes d and d', are provided in back and
front walls. Fand G are the main flues for carrying off the smoke
and other waste gases, being conveyed thereto by the conducting flues
h and h. The smoke and waste gases are carried by the main flues F and G
into the stack or tall chimney i. The main flues are provided with
dampers J and J', and so also are the conducting flues hand h¹ with
dampers K and K. The feed holes 2, shewn at Figure 5, are of ordinary
construction.

page_text: fire at the fire-holes d in No. 1 chamber, and drive the steam into the
back main flue g through the conducting flues h¹, (chamber, No. 1),
under the fire-holes at the back, the cross dampers J being all opened, and
the dampers to the connecting flues of the other chambers being all closed.
As soon as the steam has passed away from No. 1 chamber, I utilize the
waste heat by cutting off the draft in the back main fluc, this being
done by shutting down the cross dampers J and directing the heat
through No. 2 chamber, and I get rid of the steam therefrom by
opening all the cross dampers J¹ in the front main flue f, thereby
allowing the steam to pass directly to the stack or tall chimney i. This
same utilization of waste heat not only drives off the steam but also
partially burns the bricks, tiles, or other plastic.
In order to finish burning I feed in the required amount of fuel at
the feed holes 7, shewn at Figure 5.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
what I claim as my improvements in kilns or ovens for burning bricks
tiles, and other plastic forms is, the arrangements and combination of
the flues and dampers, whereby heat may be conducted from onc
chamber and utilized in another, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whercof, I, the said Henry Davies Harrison, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
HENRY DAVIES HARRISON. (L.S.)